bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monoclonal gammopathy of renal signifi cance: Consensus of hematologists and nephrologists of Russia on the establishment of nosology, diagnostic approach and rationale for clone specific treatment
Authors: Smirnov A. V. , Afanasyev B. V. , Poddubnaya I. V. , Dobronravov V. A. , Khrabrova M. S. , Zakharova E. V. , Nikitin E. A. , Kozlovskaya L. V. , Bobkova I. N. , Rameev V. V. , Batyushin M. M. , Moiseev I. S. , Darskaya E. I. , Pirogova O. V. , Mendeleeva L. P. , Biryukova L. S.
Published: December 2019

Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) is a new nosology in modern nephrology and oncohematology. MGRS is defined as kidney injury due to nephrotoxic monoclonal immunoglobulin produced by the B-cell line clone which does not reach the hematological criteria for specific treatment initiation. Monoclonal protein’s pathological effects on kidney parenchyma result in irreversible decline of kidney function till the end stage renal disease that in line with the position of International Consensus of hematologists and nephrologists determinates critical necessity for clone specific treatment in patients with MGRS despite the absence of hematological indications for treatment initiation. Main challenge of MGRS in Russian Federation is an inaccessibility of an in-time diagnostic and appropriate treatment for the great majority of patients due to the following reasons: i) limited knowledge about the MGRS among hematologists and nephrologists; ii) lack of necessary diagnostic resources in most health-care facilities; iii) lack of approved clinical recommendations and medical economic standards for treatment of this pathological entity. Consensus document comprises the opinion of experts – leading nephrologists and hematologists of Russian Federation – on the problem of MGRS including the incoherence in nosology classification, diagnostics approach and rationale for clone specific treatment. Consensus document is based on conclusions and agreements reached during the conference of leading nephrologists and hematologists of Russia which was held in the framework of symposia «Plasma cell dyscrasias and lymphoproliferative diseases: modern approaches to therapy», 15-16 of March 2019, Pavlov First St-Petersburg State Medical University, St-Petersburg, Russia. The present Consensus is intended to define the principal practical steps to resolve the problem of MGRS in Russian Federation that are summarized as final clauses.
Soybean proteins counteract heart remodeling in wistar rats fed a high sodium chloride diet
Authors: Kayukov I. G. , Beresneva O. N. , Parastaeva M. M. , Ivanova G. T. , Kulikov A. N. , Kucher A. G. , Karal-ogly D. D. , Orlov S. V.
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND. Increased salt intake is associated with a number of cardiovascular events, including increased blood pressure (BP) and the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). However, there is much evidence that a high content of sodium chloride in the diet does not always lead to an increase in BP, but almost inevitably causes cardiac remodeling, in particular, LVH. Many aspects of myocardial remodeling induced by high sodium content in the food have not been studied enough. THE AIM of the study was to trace the echocardiographic changes in Wistar rats fed the high salt ration and the high salt ration supplemented with soy proteins.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. Echocardiography and BP measurements were performed on male Wistar rats, divided into three groups. The first (control; n = 8) included rats that received standard laboratory feed (20.16 % animal protein and 0.34 % NaCl); the second (n = 10) – animals that received standard feed and 8 % NaCl (high salt ration). The third group (n = 10) consisted of rats who consumed a low-protein diet containing 10 % soy protein isolate (SUPRO 760) and 8 % NaCl. The follow-up period was 2 and 4 months.

THE RESULTS of the study showed that: (1) the intake of a large amount of salt with a diet does not necessarily lead to the formation of arterial hypertension; (2) despite the absence of a distinct increase in BP, under these conditions signs of cardiac remodeling, in particular, LVH, appear rather quickly; (3) supplementing a high-salt diet with soy isolates counteracts the development of LVH.

CONCLUSION. High salt intake with food can cause heart remodeling, regardless of blood pressure, while soy proteins can counteract this process.
КОМПЛИМЕНТ В РЕЧЕВОМ ПОВЕДЕНИИ В РУССКОЙ И ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕЧИ ЧЕЧЕНЦЕВ-БИЛИНГВОВ
Authors: Арсакаева Хапта
Published: December 2019

Это статья из цикла, посвященного речевым формулам этикета в русской и чеченской речи чеченцев-билингвов и сопоставительному анализу таких формул в названных языках. Рассматривая эту разновидность этикетных формул и поведения, мы уделяем внимание и речевому поведению чеченцев в общении не только на своем родном языке, но и на русском. Рассмотрение проблемы в таком аспекте позволяет установить, что очень существенных различий в речевом поведении чеченцев и русских в подборе и использовании комплиментарных единиц - слов и выражений -нет, хотя, конечно, в речи чеченцев и на своем родном языке, и на русском проявляются особенности, обусловленные влиянием этнически заданного компонента в поведении. С удовлетворением отмечается, что многие устанавливаемые параллели в речевом поведении чеченцев и русских свидетельствуют об общности духовно-культурной жизни и высоком уровне межультурной коммуникации двух народов и в целом - всех народов России. Выявлены и проанализированы некоторые специфические этно-и конфессионально окрашенные формулировки комплиментов, не находящие соответствий в русской речевой (этикетной) культуре, и те, которые связаны с межличностными отношениями людей.
WATER-CONTAINING ABILITY OF COTTON LEAVES UNDER DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS
Authors: Muradullaev Alisher Muradullaevich
Published: December 2019

This article presents the results of studies on the change of the water-holding ability in leaves of some varieties and lines of cotton under the influence of various high air temperatures (I control option from +24.6 to + 35.4 °C; II option - from +36.4 to +45, 1 °C; III option - from +39.5 to + 48.4 °C). At a high air temperature of + 48.4 °C, the water-holding capacity of the leaves in varieties Surkhan-14, Istiklol-14, Bukhara-102 was 26.2; 24.6; 26.4%, which indicates the relative resistance of these varieties to high air temperatures.
KEYWORDS: cotton, variety, line, high air temperature, relative humidity, water holding ability.
HALAMAN BELAKANG DAN TEMPLETE
Authors: Elisawati Elisawati
Published: December 2019

HALAMAN BELAKANG DAN TEMPLETE
BAHASA LASALIMU-KAMARU: KAJIAN DIALEKTOLOGI
Authors: D. Firman A.
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this reserach is to describe the difference of languageelements of the isolects and elaborated kinship of its inter-dialect status.The Collecting of data was conducted by using interview and listeningmethods by choosing four regions as observation area.An instrument in this study was focused on a list of 200 Swadesh basic vocabularies and 87 additional vocabularies. In analyzing Lasalimu-Kamaru language was used comparative method that was both quantitative and qualitative.Qualitative method trying to describe a gloss phonetically in Lasalimu-Kamaru language based on the location of observation. While the quantitative analysis of determination of Lasalimu-Kamarudialects was done by using the dialectometry method. In clarifying the data analysis, presented some sound correspondence of the dialects. Based on data analysis found that four isolects used as a data research was obtained three isolects had status as dialect, that were Lasalimu, Kamaru, and Kekenauwe-Lawele. Theposition of Kekenauwe and Lawele isolect only show differences as subdialect. Besides, some qualitative evidences show that Lasalimu dialect and Kamaru dialect are closer than Lawele-Kekenauwe dialect.
RANAH PENGGUNAAN BAHASA JAWA OLEH KALANGAN KELUARGA MUDA DI EKS KARASIDENAN SEMARANG
Authors: Hendrastuti Retno
Published: December 2019

The Javanese language is one of the Indonesian local languages with thelargest speakers. Meanwhile, there is anxiety that has been rise lately about the existence of Javanese language since the use of it in communication had been drastically decreased. This research uses mixed methods of qualitative and quantitative to obtain the areas and reasons why the Javanese language had been used among young marrie couples in ex-Semarang regency. The result of the study showed that the use of Javanese language found in six areas; familyhood, neighborhood, working area, friendship, trading area, and public space. The reasons of the using of Javanese language is simply because the majority of the society were native speakers; so it has been commonly using since early age; to develop warm and unformal relationship; to give language lesson and example to children and to other people; the expression of politeness and honors; to eliminate awkward and overact feeling when use Indonesian language, so that the communication would be easier to understand.
DESIGN OF BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERY-BASED HYBRID METAL-ORGANIC (SOL-GEL) LITHIUM MANGANATE (LiMn2O4)
Authors: Ananda Wisnu , Nomeri Mehammed
Published: December 2019

Battery-powered Electric Vehicles (BEVs) such as electric cars, use the battery as the main power source to drive the motor, in addition to lighting, horn, and other functions. Currently, Balai Besar Bahan dan Barang Teknik (B4T) has been conducting research in Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery prototype for an electric vehicle. However, the management system in accordance with the electrical characteristics of the battery prototype is still not available. Thus, to integrate the battery prototype with electrical components of the electric vehicle, it is necessary to design Battery Management System (BMS). Two important battery parameters observed are State of Charge (SOC) and State  of  Health  (SOH).  The  method  used  for  SOC  was  Coulomb  Counting.  SOH  was  determined  using  a combination between Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Relevance Vector Machine (RVM). Based on the experiments by using BMS, the battery performance could be more controlled and produces a linear curve of SOC and SOH.Keywords: Battery, electric vehicle, Battery Management System (BMS), Lithium-ion (Li-ion).
PENGARUH LAJU ALIRAN BAHAN BAKAR CNG PADA PERFORMA MESIN KENDARAAN BERMOTOR
Authors: Subekti Ridwan Arief
Published: December 2019

Makalah ini membahas tentang pengaruh laju aliran bahan bakar CNG (compressed natural gas) terhadap performa kendaraan roda empat jenis minibus. Pengaturan dan pengujian dilakukan untuk mencari setelan laju aliran CNG yang terbaik agar performa kendaraan optimal. Tahap pertama dari penelitian ini adalah pemasangan peralatan kit konverter tipe injeksi sequensial pada kendaraan. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian performa kendaraan menggunakan  dyno  test  atau  sasis  dyno.  Pada  awalnya,  bahan  bakar  yang  digunakan  adalah  Pertamax  RON (research  octane  number)  92  yang  kemudian  diganti  dengan  CNG.  Dari  pengujian  dua  bahan  bakar  tersebut diketahui bahwa terjadi penurunan daya dan torsi kendaraan bila menggunakan CNG. Tahap berikutnya adalah melakukan pengaturan laju aliran CNG dengan cara mengatur durasi penyemprotan injektor. Hasil uji yang ditampilkan dalam bentuk grafik putaran terhadap daya dan putaran terhadap torsi memperlihatkan bahwa performa kendaraan  berbahan  bakar  CNG  dengan  pengaturan  laju  aliran  gas  meningkat  sekitar  3%.  Sedangkan  bila penggunaan CNG dibandingkan dengan Pertamax RON 92, terjadi penurunan daya dan torsi pada kendaraan sebesar 12,4% dan 23,7%.Kata kunci : ratio laju udara, CNG, kit konverter, laju aliran gas, mesin bensin
KARAKTERISTIK SIFAT MEKANIK BAJA LATERIT MELALUI PROSES PENGERJAAN DAN PERLAKUAN PANAS
Authors: Adjiantoro Bintang , Jamali Adil , Binudi Rahardjo , Hasbi Muhammad Yunan
Published: December 2019

Baja berbasis bijih nikel laterit berpotensi diaplikasikan dalam infrastruktur yang membutuhkan sifat tangguh karena kandungan Ni yang dimiliki yaitu sebesar 2-3%. Dalam studi ini telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai sifat mekanik terhadap lima jenis komposisi as-cast baja laterit hasil proses dekarburisasi Nickel Pig Iron (NPI).  Baja laterit hasil as-cast dengan  lima jenis komposisi terlebih dahulu dilakukan homogenisasi dengan proses anil pada suhu 900 °C. Spesimen baja kemudian dilakukan pengerolan panas hingga menjadi pelat dengan ketebalan 6 mm dari tebal awal 40 mm. Proses pengerolan dilakukan pada suhu 980 °C dengan tiga tahap reduksi yaitu 60%, 40% dan  30%. Setelah proses pengerolan  panas dilakukan,  pelat didinginkan  di udara dan  kemudian dilakukan  uji kekerasan dan uji tarik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mampu bentuk baja laterit cukup baik dengan tidak ditunjukkannya keretakan pada sampel. Hasil uji kekerasan dan uji tarik juga menunjukkan kecenderungan peningkatan pada tiap sampel baja dengan nilai optimal mencapai 238,5 HB dan 779 N/mm2. Ditinjau dari pengamatan struktur mikro, paduan Ni memicu penghalusan butir dalam fenomena rekristalisasi.Kata kunci : baja laterit, pengerolan panas, uji kekerasan, uji tarik, rekristalisasi
ANALISIS KORELASI PEMBEBANAN LAMPU HEMAT ENERGI TERHADAP DISTORSI HARMONIK
Authors: Rajani Ahmad , Subagio Dalmasius Ganjar , Subekti Ridwan Arief , Saputra Hendri Maja , Kusnadi Kusnadi
Published: December 2019

Analisis korelasi pembebanan lampu hemat energi (LHE) terhadap distorsi harmonik yang ditimbulkan telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena semakin meningkatnya penggunaan lampu hemat energi dan masih sering dijumpai kebiasaan masyarakat dalam membeli lampu hanya dengan mempertimbangkan faktor kebutuhan sesaat, ketersediaan, dan kemampuan finansial. Dalam suatu tempat tinggal, masyarakat biasanya menggunakan berbagai macam merek LHE dengan variasi daya yang berbeda-beda. Dengan kondisi yang demikian dan agar dapat mewakili kondisi riil masyarakat pada umumnya, maka dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari penggunaan LHE dengan variasi merek dan daya terhadap distorsi harmonik yang dihasilkan. Pengujian distorsi harmonik dilakukan pada masing-masing lampu (pengujian individu) dan pengujian yang dihubungkan secara paralel dengan empat kombinasi pengukuran berdasarkan merek dan daya. Hasil yang diperoleh dari pengujian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada korelasi antara daya dengan distorsi harmonik yang dihasilkan oleh LHE tersebut dan perubahan total distorsi harmonik arus (I-THD) dalam persen lampu lebih dominan disebabkan oleh merek yang berbeda.Kata Kunci : harmonik, LHE, uji paralel.
Novel stress phonotactics are learnable by English speakers: Novel tone phonotactics are not
Authors: Bian Yuan , Dell Gary S.
Published: December 2019

Speech errors are sensitive to newly learned phonotactic constraints. For example, if speakers produce strings of syllables in which /f/ is an onset if the vowel is /æ/, but a coda if the vowel is /I/, their slips will respect that constraint after a period of sleep. Constraints in which the contextual factor is nonlinguistic, however, do not appear to be learnable by this method—for example, /f/ is an onset if the speech rate is fast, but /f/ is a coda if the speech rate is slow. The present study demonstrated that adult English speakers can learn (after a sleep period) constraints based on stress (e.g., /f/ is an onset if the syllable is stressed, but /f/ is a coda if the syllable is unstressed), but cannot learn analogous constraints based on tone (e.g., /f/ is an onset if the tone is rising, but /f/ is a coda if the tone is falling). The results are consistent with the fact that, in English, stress is a relevant lexical phonological property (e.g., “INsight” and “inCITE” are different words), but tone is not (e.g., “yes!” and “yes?” are the same word, despite their different pragmatic functions). The results provide useful constraints on how consolidation effects in learning may interact with early learning experiences.
X-shaped Radio Galaxies: Optical Properties, Large-scale Environment, and Relationship to Radio Structure
Authors: Joshi Ravi , Krishna Gopal , Yang Xiaolong , Shi Jingjing , Yu Si-Yue , Wiita Paul J. , Ho Luis C. , Wu Xue-Bing , An Tao , Wang Ran , Subramanian Smitha , Yesuf Hassen
Published: December 2019

In pursuit of clues to the origin of “winged” or X-shaped radio galaxies (XRGs) we investigate the parent galaxies of a large sample of 106 XRGs for optical–radio axes alignment, interstellar medium, black hole mass, and large-scale environment. For 41 of the XRGs it was possible to determine the optical major axis and the primary radio axis and the strong tendency for the two axes to be fairly close is confirmed. However, several counter-examples were also found and these could challenge the widely discussed backflow diversion model for the origin of the radio wings. Comparison with a well-defined large sample of normal FR II radio galaxies has revealed that: (i) XRGs possess slightly less massive central black holes than the normal radio galaxies (average masses being logM
BH ∼ 8.81 M
⊙ and 9.07 M
⊙, respectively); (ii) a much higher fraction of XRGs (∼80%) exhibits red mid-IR colors (W2 − W3 > 1.5), indicating a population of young stars and/or an enhanced dust mass, probably due to relatively recent galaxy merger(s). A comparison of the large-scale environment (i.e., within ∼1 Mpc) shows that both XRGs and FRII radio galaxies inhabit similarly poor galaxy clustering environments (medium richness being 8.94 and 11.87, respectively). Overall, the origin of XRGs seems difficult to reconcile with a single dominant physical mechanism and competing mechanisms seem prevalent.
Nonlinear Reconstruction of the Velocity Field
Authors: Yu Yu , Zhu Hong-Ming
Published: December 2019

We propose a new velocity reconstruction method based on the displacement estimation of recently developed methods. The velocity is first reconstructed by transfer functions in Lagrangian space and then mapped into Eulerian space. High-resolution simulations are used to test the performance. We find that the new reconstruction method outperforms the standard velocity reconstruction in the sense of better cross-correlation coefficient, less velocity misalignment, and smaller amplitude difference. We conclude that this new method has the potential to improve large-scale structure sciences involving velocity reconstruction, such as kinetic Sunyaev–Zel’dovich measurement and supernova cosmology.
Thermal Instability of Thin Accretion Disks in the Presence of Wind and a Toroidal Magnetic Field
Authors: Habibi Asiyeh , Abbassi Shahram
Published: December 2019

We study the local thermal stability of thin accretion disks. We present a full stability analysis in the presence of a magnetic field and, more importantly, wind. We use a general model suitable for adequately describing several kinds of winds. First, we explicitly show that the magnetic field, irrespective of the type of wind, has a stabilizing effect. This is also true when there is no wind. In this case, we confirm other works presented in the literature. However, our main objective is to investigate the local thermal stability of the disk in the presence of wind. In this case, interestingly, the response of the disk is directly related to the type of wind. In other words, in some cases, the wind can stabilize the disk. On the other hand, in some cases it can destabilize the disk. We find that in some thin disk models where the magnetic pressure cannot explain the stability of the disk by including a typical contribution for magnetic pressure, wind can provide a viable explanation for the thermal stability.
The Broadband X-Ray Spectrum of the X-Ray-obscured Type 1 AGN 2MASX J193013.80+341049.5
Authors: Kamraj Nikita , Baloković Mislav , Brightman Murray , Stern Daniel , Harrison Fiona A. , Assef Roberto J. , Koss Michael J. , Oh Kyuseok , Walton Dominic J.
Published: December 2019

We present results from modeling the broadband X-ray spectrum of the Type 1 active galactic nucleus (AGN) 2MASX J193013.80+341049.5 using NuSTAR, Swift, and archival XMM-Newton observations. We find this source to be highly X-ray obscured, with column densities exceeding 1023 cm−2 across all epochs of X-ray observations, spanning an 8 yr period. However, the source exhibits prominent broad optical emission lines, consistent with an unobscured Type 1 AGN classification. We fit the X-ray spectra with both phenomenological reflection models and physically motivated torus models to model the X-ray absorption. We examine the spectral energy distribution of this source and investigate some possible scenarios to explain the mismatch between X-ray and optical classifications. We compare the ratio of reddening to X-ray absorbing column density (

/

) and find that 2MASX J193013.80+341049.5 likely has a much lower dust-to-gas ratio relative to the Galactic interstellar medium, suggesting that the broad line region itself could provide the source of extra X-ray obscuration, being composed of low-ionization, dust-free gas.
Multiple Temperature Components of the Hot Circumgalactic Medium of the Milky Way
Authors: Das Sanskriti , Mathur Smita , Gupta Anjali , Nicastro Fabrizio , Krongold Yair
Published: December 2019

We present a deep XMM-Newton  observation of the Galactic halo emission in the direction of the blazar 1ES 1553+113. In order to extract the Galactic halo component from the diffuse soft X-ray emission spectrum, accurately modeling the foreground components is crucial. Here we present complex modeling of the foregrounds with unprecedented details. A careful analysis of the spectrum yields two-temperature components of the halo gas (

T

1

em

=

10

6.25
−
6.42

K,

T

2

em

=

10

6.68
−
6.92

K). We find that these temperatures obtained from the emission spectrum are not consistent with those from the absorption spectrum (

T

1

ab

=

10

6.07
−
6.13

K,

T

2

ab

=

10

6.96
−
7.15

K), unlike the previous studies that found only one-temperature component of the Milky Way circumgalactic medium. This provides us with interesting insights into the nature of emitting and absorbing systems. We discuss several possibilities objectively, and conclude that most likely we are observing multiple (3–4) discrete temperatures between

10

5.5

K

and

≥

10

7

K in the Milky Way circumgalactic medium.
The Star-forming Interstellar Medium of Lyman Break Galaxy Analogs
Authors: Wu John F. , Baker Andrew J. , Heckman Timothy M. , Hicks Erin K. S. , Lutz Dieter , Tacconi Linda J.
Published: December 2019

We present Very Large Telescope SINFONI near-infrared (NIR) integral field spectroscopy of six z ∼ 0.2 Lyman break galaxy “analogs” (LBAs) from which we detect H i, He i, and [Fe ii] recombination lines and multiple H2 rovibrational lines in emission. The Paα kinematics reveal high velocity dispersions and low rotational velocities relative to random motions (

). Matched-aperture comparisons of Hβ, Hα, and Paα reveal that the nebular color excesses are lower relative to the continuum color excesses than is the case for typical local star-forming systems. We compare observed He i/H i recombination line ratios to photoionization models to gauge the effective temperatures (T
eff) of massive ionizing stars, finding that the properties of at least one LBA are consistent with extra heating from an active galactic nucleus (AGN) and/or an overabundance of massive stars. We use H2 1−0 S(·) rovibrational spectra to determine a rotational excitation temperature T
ex ∼ 2000 K for warm molecular gas, which we attribute to UV heating in dense photon-dominated regions. Spatially resolved NIR line ratios favor excitation by massive young stars, rather than supernova or AGN feedback. Our results suggest that the local analogs of Lyman break galaxies are primarily subject to strong feedback from recent star formation, with evidence for AGNs and outflows in some cases.
Supernova Ejecta Interacting with a Circumstellar Disk. I. Two-dimensional Radiation-hydrodynamic Simulations
Authors: Suzuki Akihiro , Moriya Takashi J. , Takiwaki Tomoya
Published: December 2019

We perform a series of two-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of the collision between supernova ejecta and circumstellar media (CSMs). The hydrodynamic interaction of a fast flow and the surrounding media efficiently dissipates the kinetic energy of the fast flow and is considered as a dominant energy source for a specific class of core-collapse supernovae. Despite some observational evidence for aspherical ejecta and/or CSM structure, multidimensional effects in the ejecta–CSM interaction are relatively unexplored. Our numerical simulations equipped with an adaptive mesh refinement technique successfully reproduce hydrodynamic instabilities developing around the ejecta–CSM interface. We also investigate effects of disklike CSMs on the dynamical evolution of supernova ejecta and bolometric light curves. We find that emission powered by ejecta–disk interaction exhibits significant viewing angle dependence. For a line of sight close to the symmetry axis, the observer directly sees the supernova ejecta, leading to a short brightening timescale. For an observer seeing the emission through the CSM disk, thermal photons diffuse throughout the CSM, and thus the light curve is severely smeared out.
Observations and 3D Magnetohydrodynamic Modeling of a Confined Helical Jet Launched by a Filament Eruption
Authors: Doyle Lauren , Wyper Peter F. , Scullion Eamon , McLaughlin James A. , Ramsay Gavin , Doyle J. Gerard
Published: December 2019

We present a detailed analysis of a confined filament eruption and jet associated with a C1.5 class solar flare. Multi-wavelength observations from the Global Oscillations Network Group and Solar Dynamics Observatory reveal the filament forming over several days following the emergence and then partial cancellation of a minority polarity spot within a decaying bipolar active region. The emergence is also associated with the formation of a 3D null point separatrix that surrounds the minority polarity. The filament eruption occurs concurrently with brightenings adjacent to and below the filament, suggestive of breakout and flare reconnection, respectively. The erupting filament material becomes partially transferred into a strong outflow jet (∼60 km s−1) along coronal loops, becoming guided back toward the surface. Utilizing high-resolution Hα observations from the Swedish Solar Telescope/CRisp Imaging SpectroPolarimeter, we construct velocity maps of the outflows, demonstrating their highly structured but broadly helical nature. We contrast the observations with a 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a breakout jet in a closed-field background and find close qualitative agreement. We conclude that the suggested model provides an intuitive mechanism for transferring twist/helicity in confined filament eruptions, thus validating the applicability of the breakout model not only to jets and coronal mass ejections but also to confined eruptions and flares.
Eyes With Acute, Treatment-Naïve CRVO and Foveal Intraretinal Hemorrhage: Characteristics and Outcomes
Authors: Mir Tahreem A. , Thomas Akshay S. , Yoon Stephen P. , Birnbaum Faith , Goerlitz-Jessen Mark , Fekrat Sharon
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To compare outcomes in eyes with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) presenting with (group 1) or without (group 2) fovea-involving intraretinal hemorrhage (IRH).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Retrospective review of patients diagnosed with acute, treatment-naïve CRVO between January 2009 and July 2016.

RESULTS:

One hundred fifteen (39.8%) of 289 CRVO eyes had fovea-involving IRH. At baseline, eyes in group 1 had significantly worse visual acuity (VA) (1.2 ± 0.10 logMAR vs. 0.9 ± 0.06 logMAR;
P
= .001) and greater central subfield thickness (CST) (610.4 μm ± 35.9 μm vs. 435.0 μm + 21.6 μm;
P
< .001) than eyes in group 2. Final visual outcomes were comparable between groups (1.24 ± 0.09 logMAR vs. 1.02 ± 0.08 logMAR;
P
= .08). Group 1 received a significantly greater number of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections during the first year (7.80 ± 0.40 vs. 5.20 ± 0.40;
P
= .001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Although treatment-naïve eyes with acute CRVO and fovea-involving IRH had worse VA and greater CST at presentation, the final VA was comparable to eyes without such a hemorrhage. Eyes with foveal IRH had a greater treatment burden in the first 12 months.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:752–759.]
Overlapping Spectrum of Retinochoroidal Scarring in Congenital Zika Virus and Toxoplasmosis Infections
Authors: Tsui Irena , Neves Luiza M. , Adachi Kristina , Gaw Stephanie L. , Pereira Jose Paulo , Brasil Patricia , Nielsen-Saines Karin , Moreira Maria Elisabeth Lopes , Zin Andrea A.
Published: December 2019

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Antenatal Zika virus (ZIKV) or toxoplasmosis infections may present with isolated eye abnormalities with absence of other apparent birth defects. The purpose of this article is to discuss the overlapping spectrum of clinical presentation and retinochoroidal scarring in congenital ZIKV and toxoplasmosis infections.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

Prenatal ultrasound abnormalities seen from antenatal ZIKV and toxoplasmosis infections overlap and may include intracranial calcifications, microcephaly, and intrauterine growth restriction. The clinical spectrum of both infections in less severely affected infants and children may include nonspecific neurological impairment such as developmental delay and seizures.

RESULTS:

Inherent limitations in serological testing pose additional barriers in establishing a diagnosis. Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) mottling in ZIKV infection can occur in isolation or adjacent to retinochoroidal atrophy. In contrast, RPE mottling outside of the borders of retinochoroidal atrophy is not typically seen in toxoplasmosis. To date, postnatal reactivation of congenital eye lesions as seen in toxoplasmosis have not been reported with ZIKV infection.

CONCLUSIONS:

As children infected with congenital ZIKV grow older, subclinical eye abnormalities may be indistinguishable from toxoplasmosis. Brazil has had high prevalence of both diseases with long-term information available on toxoplasmosis only. Surveillance guidelines for asymptomatic eye abnormalities will likely evolve.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:779–784.]
Cryotherapy and Pneumatic Retinopexy in Schisis-Related Retinal Detachment
Authors: Ajlan Radwan , Shaath Deena , Gilbert Michael
Published: December 2019

A 57-year-old female presented with macula-involving retinal detachment secondary to degenerative retinoschisis. She was repaired with transscleral cryotherapy to both inner and outer retinoschisis breaks followed by intravitreal sulfur hexafluoride (SF
6
) gas injection and anterior chamber paracentesis. Postoperative imaging at 4 months showed preserved fovea and completely attached retina. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report in the literature treating retinoschisis-related detachment with this minimally invasive technique without subretinal fluid drainage.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2019;50:791–794.]
Asymptotic spreading in a delayed dispersal predator-prey system without comparison principle
Authors: Pan Shuxia
Published: December 2019

This paper deals with the initial value problem of a predator-prey system with dispersal and delay, which does not admit the classical comparison principle. When the initial value has nonempty compact support, the initial value problem formulates that two species synchronously invade the same habitat in population dynamics. By constructing proper auxiliary equations and functions, we confirm the faster invasion speed of two species, which equals to the minimal wave speed of traveling wave solutions in earlier works.
Ultrasound Imaging of the Gluteal Muscles During the Y-Balance Test in Individuals With or Without Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: DeJong Alexandra F. , Mangum L. Colby , Hertel Jay
Published: December 2019

Context

Impairments in dynamic postural control and gluteal muscle activation have been associated with the development of symptoms related to long-term injury, which are characteristic of chronic ankle instability (CAI). Ultrasound imaging (USI) provides a visual means to explore muscle thickness throughout movement; however, USI functional-activation ratios (FARs) of the gluteal muscles during dynamic balance exercises have not been investigated.

Objective

To determine differences in gluteus maximus and gluteus medius FARs using USI, Y-Balance Test (YBT) performance, and lower extremity kinematics in individuals with or without CAI.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

University laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty adults with CAI (10 men, 10 women; age = 21.70 ± 2.32 years, height = 172.74 ± 11.28 cm, mass = 74.26 ± 15.24 kg) and 20 adults without CAI (10 men, 10 women; age = 21.20 ± 2.79 years, height = 173.18 ± 15.16 cm, mass = 70.89 ± 12.18 kg).

Intervention(s)

Unilateral static ultrasound images of the gluteal muscles during quiet stance and to the point of maximum YBT reach directions were obtained over 3 trials. Hip, knee, and ankle sagittal-plane kinematics were collected with motion-capture software.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Gluteal thickness was normalized to quiet stance to yield FARs for each muscle in each YBT direction. We averaged normalized reach distances and obtained average peak kinematics. Independent t tests, mean differences, and Cohen d effect sizes were calculated to determine group differences for all outcome measures.

Results

The CAI group had anterior-reach deficits compared with the control group (mean difference = 4.37%, Cohen d = 0.77, P = .02). The CAI group demonstrated greater anterior gluteus maximus FARs than the control group (mean difference = 0.08, Cohen d = 0.57, P = .05).

Conclusions

The CAI group demonstrated YBT reach deficits and alterations in proximal muscle activation. Increased reliance on the gluteus maximus during dynamic conditions may contribute to distal joint dysfunction in this population.
Oral smokeless tobacco consumption pattern among rural Indian cancer patients: A prospective survey
Authors: Pandey Avinash , Singh Anjana , Singh Shivkant , Kumar Amit , Das Anshuman , Shahi Heena , Singh Aishwarya
Published: December 2019

Bacground: Oral tobacco consumption predisposes to cancer. The pattern of its use in rural Indian cancer patients is unknown. Aim: The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of oral tobacco consumption in cancer patients. Objectives: To identify oral tobacco consumption pattern with respect to demographic variables and clinical profiles in adult Indian rural cancer patients. Materials and Methods: All consecutive individual adult (age >18 years) patients diagnosed with any cancer and registered in the Medical Oncology Outpatient department were enrolled for questionnaire-based survey on oral tobacco consumption between July 2017 and October 2017. Demographic variables were also recorded, including income, education, and occupation. Frequency distribution and cross-tabulation were used for statistical analysis using SPSS version 17. Results: Of 517 cancer patients enrolled, 456 (88%) were rural. 230/517 (44%) consumed several forms of oral tobacco. Out of 230, 179 (78%) of them had dried tobacco leaves, whereas 23 (10%) and 26 (11%) had Gutkha and pan (betel leaves) alone, respectively. 63 (27%) consumed tobacco leaves and gutkha both. 163 (91%) of tobacco chewers were male, whereas 65% of pan chewers were male and 35% of females. About 48% of tobacco chewers were addicted since >20 years, whereas 13% started in the past 5 years. 47/179 (26%) of tobacco chewers were illiterate, whereas 13/179 (7.2%) were graduates. 106 (59%) had monthly income of between Rs. 5000–10,000. 57 (32%) and 40 (22%) were farmers and laborers, respectively. 25/215 (12%) housewives were addicted. 41/58 (70%) of the head-and-neck cancer patients consumed tobacco products, where 29/41 (70%) used dried tobacco leaves to chew. Conclusion: More than 40% of adult Indian rural cancer patients consume oral smokeless tobacco products. Dried tobacco leaves are the most common form of smokeless tobacco consumed.
A tertiary care audit of using abiraterone acetate in patients of metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Joshi Amit , Shrirangwar Sameer , Noronha Vanita , Sable Nilesh , Agarwal Archi , Popat Palak , Bhattacharjee Atanu , Prabhash Kumar
Published: December 2019

Introduction: This is a retrospective analysis to assess the safety and efficacy of abiraterone acetate (AA) in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients treated at tertiary care institute. Materials and Methods: The clinical records of mCRPC patients treated with AA at our tertiary care institute between July 2013 and December 2015 were reviewed. The treatment efficacy, toxicities, and its determinants were analyzed. Results: A total of 59 mCRPC patients treated with AA were reviewed, of whom 37 were chemo-naive and 22 had received prior chemotherapy (postchemo). The median follow-up duration was 10.0/15.0 months for chemo-naïve/postchemotherapy patients. 43.2%/36.36% of chemo-naive/postchemo patients had visceral metastases. The median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 15/7.8 months and 10/5.3 months for chemo-naive/postchemo patients, respectively. Median time to best prostate-specific antigen response was 3.4 months. Abiraterone was relatively well tolerated with no grade 4 toxicity or treatment-related death. We found the presence of previous taxene use and baseline symptoms to be significantly determinant of OS with abiraterone. Conclusion: The present study reported the efficacy of abiraterone in both chemo-naïve and postchemo patients of mCRPC outside clinical trial setting. We found lower OS and PFS with abiraterone as compared to that reported in the clinical trial setting in both chemo-naïve and postchemo patients, and particularly in those patients with the visceral disease, and further clinical trial for abiraterone in this subgroup of patients is warranted.
Primary malignant mediastinal germ cell tumors: A single institutional experience
Authors: Mishra Subhasis , Das Majumdar Saroj Kumar , Sable Mukund , Parida Dillip Kumar
Published: December 2019

Bacground: Primary mediastinal malignant germ cell tumour (PMMGCT) is rare with unsatisfactory prognosis and pose difficulty in management due to lack of guidelines. Methods: All cases of PMMGCT diagnosed and treated between years 2014 to 2018 were retrospectively evaluated for clinico-pathological features, multimodality treatment and follow up. Results: Among a total of five PMMGCT cases, three were seminomatous and two were non seminomatous tumour [Yolk- sac tumour (n-1) and Mixed tumour (n-1)]. Four of these cases were non - metastatic with locally advancement and another one presented with metastasis to supraclavicular lymph node. All patients received platinum based induction chemotherapy. Post-induction chemotherapy, two cases of non seminomatous tumours underwent surgery. Among the three seminoma cases, one patient showed complete metabolic response; one with metastasis succumbed to the disease and the in-operable case of seminoma received local radiotherapy. Conclusion: PMMGCT needs a multi-disciplinary approach for appropriate diagnosis and management. Clinicopathological features like tumour site, extension, histopathological type, tumour stage and serum tumour marker are necessary for prognostication and decision making of further treatment plan.
Does preoperative CA-125 cutoff value and percent reduction in CA-125 levels correlate with surgical and survival outcome after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer? – Our experience from a tertiary cancer institute
Authors: Gupta Monisha , Patel Shilpa Mukesh , Arora Ruchi , Tiwari Rajneesh , Dave Pariseema , Desai Ava , Mankad Meeta
Published: December 2019

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate percent fall in CA-125 levels after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and preoperative CA-125 value to predict surgical and survival outcomes in women with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Methods: A retrospective review of 406 women receiving NAC for advanced-stage EOC from January 2012 to July 2015 was conducted. Data were collected for demography, radiographic profile, CA-125 levels before and after NAC, chemotherapy, and surgicopathological information. Percent fall in CA-125 was categorized into two groups: <95% (R < 95) and >95% (R > 95) fall from prechemotherapy to preoperative levels. Similarly, women were also categorized using preoperative CA-125 levels of <100 and >100 U/ml. A subset of women from January 2012 to December 2013 was followed to June 2015 for evidence of any recurrence to determine survival outcomes. Results: About 56% women had R > 95 and 44% had R < 95. As compared to R < 95, R > 95 group was more likely to have complete cytoreduction (P = 0.00). Furthermore, women with R > 95 had significant better progression-free survival (PFS) as compared to women with R < 95 (P = 0.009) but no difference in overall survival (OS) (P = 0.28). Women with preoperative CA-125 <100 had significant higher number of complete cytoreduction (55% vs. 40%; P = 0.00) and were associated with both PFS (P = 0.007) and OS benefit (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Our data showed that >95% fall in CA-125 and an absolute preoperative CA-125 value of <100 U/ml is associated with better surgical and survival outcome in women with advanced EOC. These data are important in patient counseling and treatment planning.
A prospective comparative study between concurrent chemoradiation with brachytherapy boost with concurrent chemoradiation alone in locally advanced cancer esophagus
Authors: Tudu Rajanigandha
Published: December 2019

Context: Carcinoma esophagus is a highly malignant disease with very low cure rate. Concurrent chemoradiation is the standard of care in patients deemed unfit for surgery. Intraluminal brachytherapy (ILRT) is effective for palliation of dysphagia and is also used as a boost to external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in curative intent. Aims: The aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcome of definitive concurrent chemoradiation followed by ILRT boost with concurrent chemoradiation alone in locally advanced carcinoma esophagus in terms of tumor response and toxicities. Settings and Design: A single institutional prospective study was carried out between January 2014 and June 2015. Subjects and Methods: Fifty-seven patients of locally advanced carcinoma esophagus were allocated to study and control arms. Both groups were treated with definitive concurrent chemoradiation with 44 Gy of EBRT. The chemotherapy consisted of injection cisplatin 70 mg/m2 intravenous on day 1 with capecitabine 800 mg/m2 b.i.d. daily from day 1 to 4 orally on days 1 and 22 of EBRT. After 2 weeks, the control group was treated with EBRT boost of 10 Gy in 5 fractions, while the study group received intraluminal high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy boost of 10 Gy in 2 fractions. No concurrent chemotherapy was administered during ILRT. The treatment outcome was assessed in terms of tumor response and toxicities using the CTCAE version 4.0 criteria. Results: At a median follow-up of 10 months, the overall response rate was 89.2% in the control group (25/28) and 93.10% in the study group (27/29). Acute hematological and gastrointestinal toxicities were noted. Conclusions: HDR ILRT in combination with EBRT is effective for treating dysphagia in cancer esophagus with low incidence of severe complications.
Pediatric Radiology Fellowship Creation as an International Education Outreach Effort in Ethiopia
Authors: Zember Jonathan , Reid Janet , Gorfu Yocabel , Solomon Daniel Zewdneh , Darge Kassa
Published: December 2019

Background

In 2008, there were no pediatric radiologists in Ethiopia, a country of 100 million people. The radiology residency programs lacked training in pediatric imaging acquisition and interpretation.

Objective

We established an accredited local pediatric radiology fellowship program in Ethiopia.

Methods

With assistance from US faculty from the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Ethiopian radiologists created a 2-year fellowship training program in a university-based Ethiopian radiology residency program that incorporated formal lectures and seminars, case tutorials, journal clubs, teleradiological conferences, paper presentations, and online courses from collaborating institutions. Formal accreditation of the program was achieved from the university, and core values were established to ensure sustainability and self-sufficiency. The Ethiopian institution provided funding for the fellows, and US faculty volunteered their time.

Results

In 2015, 2 radiologists were recruited to the new fellowship; after graduation in 2017, they formed the first pediatric radiology section at the Ethiopian institution. Three new fellows were recruited in 2019, and the program is now self-sustaining. Pediatric imaging training has also been added to the radiology residency.

Conclusions

Establishing a pediatric radiology fellowship in a country with high need but little existing faculty expertise is feasible through outreach efforts.
A Novel, Web-Based Quality Improvement Platform to Address ACGME CLER Requirements
Authors: Berger Jeffrey S. , Ho Geoffrey , Paul Courtney , Cioletti Anne , Marko Kathryn
Published: December 2019

Background

In 2014, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) formally mandated trainee (resident and fellow) participation in health care quality improvement (QI) projects as one of the Clinical Learning Environment Review (CLER) Pathways to Excellence. Subsequent national reviews showed large variations in how QI education is conducted, as well as a significant mismatch between educational and organizational goals.

Objective

We developed a web-based platform to engage trainees in QI that better aligned with best practice methodology and matched identified institutional priorities.

Methods

A needs assessment survey was distributed to trainees to understand the obstacles to compliance with ACGME QI requirements. Based on the results, a web-based clearinghouse, called the QI Platform, was developed and launched in July 2016, and utilization was analyzed in February 2019.

Results

A total of 196 of 440 needs assessment surveys (45%) were completed. Themes extracted from surveys to identify barriers in QI participation included difficulties designing projects, lack of mentorship or expert support, and difficulty engaging an interprofessional team. Over 2.5 years, 151 projects were registered on the platform. Of these, 17 (11%) were collaborative entries. At the time of analysis, 166 of 437 trainees (38%) were listed as participants in active QI projects. A total of 22 projects were archived as complete, and 68 incomplete projects were reassigned to the “Ideas” section as works in progress after lead trainee graduation.

Conclusions

An institutional QI Platform clearinghouse for GME QI projects was feasible to develop and maintain, and it appeared acceptable to most GME programs and trainees for recording and tracking QI projects, and linking these to hospital QI priorities.
Hoe houdbaar is de handtekening in een pdf-document?
Authors: Van Wechem T.H.M. , Spanjaard J.H.M.
Published: December 2019

Hoe houdbaar is de handtekening in een pdf-document?

Contracten worden nogal eens ondertekend “in counterparts”. Partijen wisselen dan pdf-bestanden met de handtekening uit. De vraag is of dergelijke handtekeningen voldoen aan het begrip “elektronische handtekening” en of de documenten dan wel als akte in de zin van de wet gelden. De auteurs onderzoeken deze vragen en gaan daarbij in op de elektronische handtekening van art. 3:15a BW.