bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uncertainty-aware deep learning for trustworthy prediction of long-term outcome after endovascular thrombectomy
Authors: Martín Vicario Celia , Rodríguez Salas Dalia , Maier Andreas , Hock Stefan , Kuramatsu Joji , Kallmuenzer Bernd , Thamm Florian , Taubmann Oliver , Ditt Hendrik , Schwab Stefan , Dörfler Arnd , Muehlen Iris
Published: March 2024

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading global cause of mortality and morbidity. Improving long-term outcome predictions after thrombectomy can enhance treatment quality by supporting clinical decision-making. With the advent of interpretable deep learning methods in recent years, it is now possible to develop trustworthy, high-performing prediction models. This study introduces an uncertainty-aware, graph deep learning model that predicts endovascular thrombectomy outcomes using clinical features and imaging biomarkers. The model targets long-term functional outcomes, defined by the three-month modified Rankin Score (mRS), and mortality rates. A sample of 220 AIS patients in the anterior circulation who underwent endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) was included, with 81 (37%) demonstrating good outcomes (mRS$$\le$$
≤
2). The performance of the different algorithms evaluated was comparable, with the maximum validation under the curve (AUC) reaching 0.87 using graph convolutional networks (GCN) for mRS prediction and 0.86 using fully connected networks (FCN) for mortality prediction. Moderate performance was obtained at admission (AUC of 0.76 using GCN), which improved to 0.84 post-thrombectomy and to 0.89 a day after stroke. Reliable uncertainty prediction of the model could be demonstrated.
Zonal control on Holocene precipitation in northwestern Madagascar based on a stalagmite from Anjohibe
Authors: Dawson Robin R. , Burns Stephen J. , Tiger Benjamin H. , McGee David , Faina Peterson , Scroxton Nick , Godfrey Laurie R. , Ranivoharimanana Lovasoa
Published: March 2024

The Malagasy Summer Monsoon is an important part of the larger Indian Ocean and tropical monsoon region. As the effects of global warming play out, changes to precipitation in Madagascar will have important ramifications for the Malagasy people. To help understand how precipitation responds to climate changes we present a long-term Holocene speleothem record from Anjohibe, part of the Andranoboka cave system in northwestern Madagascar. To date, it is the most complete Holocene record from this region and sheds light on the nature of millennial and centennial precipitation changes in this region. We find that over the Holocene, precipitation in northwestern Madagascar is actually in phase with the Northern Hemisphere Asian monsoon on multi-millennial scales, but that during some shorter centennial-scale events such as the 8.2 ka event, Anjohibe exhibits an antiphase precipitation signal to the Northern Hemisphere. The ultimate driver of precipitation changes across the Holocene does not appear to be the meridional migration of the monsoon. Instead, zonal sea surface temperature gradients in the Indian Ocean seem to play a primary role in precipitation changes in northwestern Madagascar.
Reproduction of forearm rotation dynamic using intensity-based biplane 2D–3D registration matching method
Authors: Shiode Ryoya , Miyamura Satoshi , Kazui Arisa , Yamamoto Natsuki , Miyake Tasuku , Iwahashi Toru , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Otake Yoshito , Sato Yoshinobu , Murase Tsuyoshi , Abe Shingo , Okada Seiji , Oka Kunihiro
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to reproduce and analyse the in vivo dynamic rotational motion of the forearm and to clarify forearm motion involvement and the anatomical function of the interosseous membrane (IOM). The dynamic forearm rotational motion of the radius and ulna was analysed in vivo using a novel image-matching method based on fluoroscopic and computed tomography images for intensity-based biplane two-dimensional–three-dimensional registration. Twenty upper limbs from 10 healthy volunteers were included in this study. The mean range of forearm rotation was 150 ± 26° for dominant hands and 151 ± 18° for non-dominant hands, with no significant difference observed between the two. The radius was most proximal to the maximum pronation relative to the ulna, moved distally toward 60% of the rotation range from maximum pronation, and again proximally toward supination. The mean axial translation of the radius relative to the ulna during forearm rotation was 1.8 ± 0.8 and 1.8 ± 0.9 mm for dominant and non-dominant hands, respectively. The lengths of the IOM components, excluding the central band (CB), changed rotation. The transverse CB length was maximal at approximately 50% of the rotation range from maximum pronation. Summarily, this study describes a detailed method for evaluating in vivo dynamic forearm motion and provides valuable insights into forearm kinematics and IOM function.
Spectral evidence for irradiated halite on Mars
Authors: Bramble Michael S. , Hand Kevin P.
Published: March 2024

The proposed chloride salt-bearing deposits on Mars have an enigmatic composition due to the absence of distinct spectral absorptions for the unique mineral at all wavelengths investigated. We report on analyses of remote visible-wavelength spectroscopic observations that exhibit properties indicative of the mineral halite (NaCl) when irradiated. Visible spectra of halite are generally featureless, but when irradiated by high-energy particles they develop readily-identifiable spectral alterations in the form of color centers. Consistent spectral characteristics observed in the reflectance data of the chloride salt-bearing deposits support the presence of radiation-formed color centers of halite on the surface of Mars. We observe a seasonal cycle of color center formation with higher irradiated halite values during winter months, with the colder temperatures interpreted as increasing the formation efficiency and stability. Irradiated halite identified on the surface of Mars suggests that the visible surface is being irradiated to the degree that defects are forming in alkali halide crystal structures.
Assessing groundwater denitrification spatially is the key to targeted agricultural nitrogen regulation
Authors: Hansen Birgitte , Aamand Jens , Blicher-Mathiesen Gitte , Christiansen Anders V. , Claes Niels , Dalgaard Tommy , Frederiksen Rasmus R. , Jacobsen Brian H. , Jakobsen Rasmus , Kallesøe Anders , Kim Hyojin , Koch Julian , Møller Ingelise , Madsen Rasmus B. , Schaper Stefan , Sandersen Peter B. E. , Voutchkova Denitza D. , Wiborg Irene
Published: March 2024

Globally, food production for an ever-growing population is a well-known threat to the environment due to losses of excess reactive nitrogen (N) from agriculture. Since the 1980s, many countries of the Global North, such as Denmark, have successfully combatted N pollution in the aquatic environment by regulation and introduction of national agricultural one-size-fits-all mitigation measures. Despite this success, further reduction of the N load is required to meet the EU water directives demands, and implementation of additional targeted N regulation of agriculture has scientifically and politically been found to be a way forward. In this paper, we present a comprehensive concept to make future targeted N regulation successful environmentally and economically. The concept focus is on how and where to establish detailed maps of the groundwater denitrification potential (N retention) in areas, such as Denmark, covered by Quaternary deposits. Quaternary deposits are abundant in many parts of the world, and often feature very complex geological and geochemical architectures. We show that this subsurface complexity results in large local differences in groundwater N retention. Prioritization of the most complex areas for implementation of the new concept can be a cost-efficient way to achieve lower N impact on the aquatic environment.
Maximization delays decision-making in acute care nursing
Authors: Tejeiro Ricardo , Romero-Moreno Antonio , Paramio Alberto , Cruces-Montes Serafín , Galán-Artímez María Concepción , Santos-Marroquín Judit
Published: March 2024

The maximization personality trait refers to the tendency to face decision-making situations along a continuum from exhaustively analysing all the options (maximize) to choosing the one that exceeds a subjective threshold of acceptability (satisfy). Research has revealed the influence of maximizing on decision making, although little is known about its possible role in high risk and high uncertainty situations. A sample of 153 active Spanish nurses, with an average experience of 11 years, completed a maximization questionnaire and responded to written vignettes depicting time-demanding decision making in which three options were offered, representing delayed action, non-action, and immediate action. Two vignettes presented critical situations related to acute care during the COVID-19 pandemic, whilst two vignettes presented non-nursing scenarios. People high in maximization took longer to choose and were more likely to choose non-action. No relationship was found between maximization score and the subjective experience of the person making the choice. Maximization had no significant correlation with years of experience nor perceived expertise. Greater perceived expertise was associated with lower indecision and greater confidence. When participants answered nursing vignettes, they took longer to respond, but chose less delayed action and more immediate action. Our results suggest that maximization plays only a relative role in acute care decision-making in nursing, as compared to contextual variables and expertise. They also support a domain general approach to this personality trait. Findings are consistent with Nibbelink and Reed's Practice-Primed Decision Model for nursing.
Encoding terahertz holographic bits with a computer-generated 3D-printed phase plate
Authors: Constable E. , Gospodaric J. , Pimenov A.
Published: March 2024

A sub-terahertz holographic image of a two-dimensional 576-bit data code is produced using a diffractive phase-plate element. The phase plate was designed using a modified Gerchberg-Saxton iterative algorithm to encode a focused image of the data code into a phase modulation profile. The complex phase plate structure is fabricated from polylactic acid using fused deposition modeling, a common three-dimensional-printing technique. The design achieves a significantly simplified optical setup, consisting of a 0.14 THz diverging source, the holographic phase plate and a scanning detector, without the need for additional optical elements. The information stored in the data code is an example of a cryptographic private key. Specifically, the private key for a Bitcoin wallet address. Successful retrieval of the encoded information demonstrates a potential use case for terahertz holographic memory, using a storage medium that can be fabricated with consumer-level three-dimensional-printing techniques.
Spectrotemporal cues and attention jointly modulate fMRI network topology for sentence and melody perception
Authors: Haiduk Felix , Zatorre Robert J. , Benjamin Lucas , Morillon Benjamin , Albouy Philippe
Published: March 2024

Speech and music are two fundamental modes of human communication. Lateralisation of key processes underlying their perception has been related both to the distinct sensitivity to low-level spectrotemporal acoustic features and to top-down attention. However, the interplay between bottom-up and top-down processes needs to be clarified. In the present study, we investigated the contribution of acoustics and attention to melodies or sentences to lateralisation in fMRI functional network topology. We used sung speech stimuli selectively filtered in temporal or spectral modulation domains with crossed and balanced verbal and melodic content. Perception of speech decreased with degradation of temporal information, whereas perception of melodies decreased with spectral degradation. Applying graph theoretical metrics on fMRI connectivity matrices, we found that local clustering, reflecting functional specialisation, linearly increased when spectral or temporal cues crucial for the task goal were incrementally degraded. These effects occurred in a bilateral fronto-temporo-parietal network for processing temporally degraded sentences and in right auditory regions for processing spectrally degraded melodies. In contrast, global topology remained stable across conditions. These findings suggest that lateralisation for speech and music partially depends on an interplay of acoustic cues and task goals under increased attentional demands.
Thermal fault diagnosis of complex electrical equipment based on infrared image recognition
Authors: Tang Zongbu , Jian Xuan
Published: March 2024

This paper realizes infrared image denoising, recognition, and semantic segmentation for complex electrical equipment and proposes a thermal fault diagnosis method that incorporates temperature differences. We introduce a deformable convolution module into the Denoising Convolutional Neural Network (DeDn-CNN) and propose an image denoising algorithm based on this improved network. By replacing Gaussian wrap-around filtering with anisotropic diffusion filtering, we suggest an image enhancement algorithm that employs Weighted Guided Filtering (WGF) with an enhanced Single-Scale Retinex (Ani-SSR) technique to prevent strong edge halos. Furthermore, we propose a refined detection algorithm for electrical equipment that builds upon an improved RetinaNet. This algorithm incorporates a rotating rectangular frame and an attention module, addressing the challenge of precise detection in scenarios where electrical equipment is densely arranged or tilted. We also introduce a thermal fault diagnosis approach that combines temperature differences with DeeplabV3 + semantic segmentation. The improved RetinaNet's recognition results are fed into the DeeplabV3 + model to further segment structures prone to thermal faults. The accuracy of component recognition in this paper achieved 87.23%, 86.54%, and 90.91%, with respective false alarm rates of 7.50%, 8.20%, and 7.89%. We propose a comprehensive method spanning from preprocessing through target recognition to thermal fault diagnosis for infrared images of complex electrical equipment, providing practical insights and robust solutions for future automation of electrical equipment inspections.
Managing the low carbon transition pathways through solid waste electricity
Authors: Raza Muhammad Amir , Aman M. M. , Abbas Ghulam , Soomro Shakir Ali , Yousef Amr , Touti Ezzeddine , Mirjat Nayyar Hussain , Khan Mohammad Huzaifa Ahmed
Published: March 2024

The potential of solid waste as an energy source is clear, owing to its wide availability and renewable properties, which provide a critical answer for energy security. This can be especially effective in reducing the environmental impact of fossil fuels. Countries that rely heavily on coal should examine alternatives such as electricity from solid waste to provide a constant energy supply while also contributing to atmospheric restoration. In this regards, Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP) is used for simulation the entire energy system in Pakistan and forecasted its capital cost and future CO2 emissions in relation to the use of renewable and fossil fuel resources under the different growth rates of solid waste projects like 20%, 30% and 40% for the study period 2023–2053. The results revealed that, 1402.97 TWh units of energy are generated to meet the total energy demand of 1193.93 TWh until 2053. The share of solid waste based electricity in total energy mix is increasing from a mere 0.81% in 2023 to around 9.44% by 2053 under the 20% growth rate, which then increase to 39.67% by 2053 under the 30% growth rate and further increases to 78.33% by 2053 under the 40% growth rate. It is suggested that 40% growth rate for solid waste based electricity projects is suitable for Pakistan until 2053 because under this condition, renewable sources contributes 95.2% and fossil fuels contributed 4.47% in the total energy mix of Pakistan. Hence, CO2 emissions are reduced from 148.26 million metric tons to 35.46 million metric tons until 2053 but capital cost is increased from 13.23 b$ in 2023 to 363.11 b$ by 2053.
Construction of teaching system of public art major using CMOS image sensor technology
Authors: Yang Xueyin
Published: March 2024

The traditional public art education model has many drawbacks. After all, this teaching model is the most common teaching model. Most colleges and universities still rely on the traditional teaching mode. This teaching mode is not attractive, boring, and low cost, so the popularity rate is high. The digital interactive design with multimedia courseware as the main body has played a great role in promoting the teaching of public art education in colleges and universities. In this paper, when teachers use multimedia courseware for teaching, because the computer cannot process physical signals, part of the hardware is a converter that converts physical signals such as light and pictures received by the CMOS sensor into digital signals and inputs them to digital signals and analog signals. Through the converter, the two-way transmission of teacher and student information in the teaching process of public art majors from the perspective of diversified public art was realized. At the same time, the information elements of sound, image and text were integrated into the interactive works of public art majors from the perspective of diverse public art, so as to stimulate students’ interest in public art learning. Combined with the application of CMOS image sensor technology in diversified public art teaching, a questionnaire survey was conducted to explore the satisfaction of students in public art education and teaching of colleges and universities by CMOS image sensor technology, 50% of the students agreed with the proposal in this article. In this paper, the diversified public art teaching based on CMOS image sensor technology was derived outside the classroom, and the teaching was related to students’ life, so as to improve the artistic atmosphere of the campus and truly improve the teaching effect of public art education in colleges and universities.
Acute effects of different Tai Chi practice protocols on cardiac autonomic modulation
Authors: Duan Dejian , Wang Dong , Li Haojie , Li Wenbo , Wu Dong
Published: March 2024

Tai Chi serves as an effective exercise modality for enhancing autonomic regulation. However, a majority of existing studies have employed the single routine (SR) protocol as the basis for health interventions. The extent to which the gong routine application (GRA) protocol achieves similar levels of exercise load stimulation as traditional single practice routines remains uncertain. Therefore, this study the distinct characteristics of autonomic load stimulation in these different protocols, thus providing a biological foundation to support the development of Tai Chi health promotion intervention programs. we recruited a cohort of forty-five university students to participate in the 15 min GRA protocol and SR protocol. We collected heart rate and heart rate variability indicators during periods of rest, GRA protocol, and SR protocol utilizing the Polar Scale. Additionally, we assessed the mental state of the participants using the BFS State of Mind Scale. In summary, the autonomic load is lower in the GRA protocol compared to the SR protocol, with lower sympathetic activity but higher parasympathetic activity in the former. Results are specific to college students, additional research is necessary to extend support for frail older adults. It is advised to incorporate GRA protocol alongside SR protocol in Tai Chi instruction. This approach is likely to enhance Tai Chi skills and yield greater health benefits.
Room-temperature waveguide-coupled silicon single-photon avalanche diodes
Authors: Govdeli Alperen , Straguzzi John N. , Yong Zheng , Lin Yiding , Luo Xianshu , Chua Hongyao , Lo Guo-Qiang , Sacher Wesley D. , Poon Joyce K. S.
Published: March 2024

Single photon detection is important for a wide range of low-light applications, including quantum information processing, spectroscopy, and light detection and ranging (LiDAR). A key challenge in these applications has been to integrate single-photon detection capability into photonic circuits for the realization of complex photonic microsystems. Short-wavelength (λ < 1.1 μm) integrated photonics platforms that use silicon (Si) as photodetectors offer the opportunity to achieve single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) that operate at or near room temperature. Here, we report the first waveguide-coupled Si SPAD. The device is monolithically integrated in a Si photonic platform and operates in the visible spectrum. The device exhibited a single photon detection efficiency of >6% for wavelengths of 488 and 532 nm with an excess voltage of <20% of the breakdown voltage. The dark count rate was below 100 kHz at room temperature, with the possibility of improving by approximately 35% by reducing the temperature to −5 °C.
Basic Mathematics for Students of Air Pollutants
Authors: Maynard Robert , Atkinson Richard
Published: March 2024

Air pollution is recognised as a major threat to global public health. The study of air pollution requires an understanding of various mathematical concepts that some students may not have encountered. For students struggling with the necessary maths this book provides a brilliant basic resource to get them up to speed.

The two authors use their long experience in the air pollution field to provide a selection of the basic mathematical techniques required for the study of air pollution. These include introductions to statistical distributions, regression analysis, the elementary physics of airborne particles and gases and epidemiological techniques. Aimed at students of air pollution with a limited background in mathematics, this book is a useful addition to any air pollution course.
Bifunctional catalyst MoSx@H-Beta for highly selective conversion of CO2 to C2–6 hydrocarbons
Authors: Zhao Taotao , Shen Chenyang , Liu Yuchi , Liu Gui , Qian Xiaofeng , He Qiang , Mei Feifei , He Yu , Guo Xiangke , Xue Nianhua , Liu Xi , Ding Weiping
Published: March 2024

MoSx clusters encapsulated in channels of H-Beta zeolite constitute a bifunctional catalyst and show excellent catalytic performance for CO2 hydrogenation: CO2 conversion >13%, C2–6 hydrocarbons selectivity >74% and stability >200 h on stream.
4D Printable liquid crystal elastomers with restricted nanointerfacial slippage for long-term-cyclic-stability photothermal actuation
Authors: Zhang Juzhong , Liu Shuiren , Wang Xianghong , Zhang Xiaomeng , Hu Xiaoguang , Zhang Linlin , Sun Qingqing , Liu Xuying
Published: March 2024

This work presents a versatile strategy to fabricate nanointerfacial-slipping-restricted photoactuation elastomers by chemically bonding the nanofillers into a thermally actuatable liquid crystal network for long-term stable cycling photoactuation.
Continuous flow oxidation of alkynes with KMnO4 for the synthesis of 1,2-diketone derivatives
Authors: Velichko Viktoria , Cambie Dario , Secci Francesco
Published: March 2024

A continuous-flow process for the conversion of alkynes to 1,2-diketones and α-keto-carboxylic acids, using KMnO4 as the oxidizing agent, has been developed, ensuring reproducibility and high chemical yields.
High-throughput screening and characterization of novel zeolitic imidazolate framework gels
Authors: Miyazaki Izuru , Masuoka Yumi , Oh-Ishi Keiichiro , Setoyama Norihiko , Umehara Mitsutaro
Published: March 2024

High-throughput screening and subsequent batch synthesis identified and characterized novel zeolitic imidazolate frameworks gels.
Sorption enhanced CO2 hydrogenation to formic acid over CuZn-MOF derived catalysts
Authors: Kaishyop Jyotishman , Gahtori Jyoti , Dalakoti Suman , Gazi Md. Jahiruddin , Khan Tuhin Suvra , Bordoloi Ankur
Published: March 2024

A series of Cu–Zn@CNx catalysts incorporated with platinum group metal (PGM) elements, such as Ru, Pd, Pt, and Ir were synthesised via the hard template approach, where a metal–organic framework (MOF) is utilised as a hard template.
Investigation of electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) selectivity against methanol oxidation on stainless steel
Authors: Karthik P. Esakki , Sangaletti Luigi , Ferroni Matteo , Alessandri Ivano
Published: March 2024

Stainless steel (SS) is a cost-effective, stable, and sustainable electrocatalyst for water oxidation.
Photoinduced copper-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of alkyl fluorides
Authors: Yang Peng , Zhao Yan-Hua , Wu Xiao-Feng
Published: March 2024

A photoinduced copper-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of alkyl fluorides with phenols to synthesize various esters has been developed.
Ambient stable solution-processed organic field effect transistors from electron deficient planar aromatics: effect of end-groups on ambient stability
Authors: Giri Indrajit , Biswas Sagar , Chhetri Shant , Choudhuri Anwesha , Mondal Indrajit , Senanayak Satyaprasad P. , Iyer Parameswar Krishnan , Chaudhuri Debangshu , Vijayaraghavan Ratheesh K.
Published: March 2024

Enhancing the end group hydrophobicity leads to improved ambient stability of solution-processed n-type OFETs.
Co3O4 supported by ultrathin-layered graphitic carbon nitride for efficient electrocatalytic evolution of oxygen
Authors: Luo Ruixue , Li Xi , Guo Youping , Fu Renchun
Published: March 2024

An efficient OER. Co3O4@g-C3N4 using layered g-C3N4-loaded Co3O4 was significantly higher than that using g-C3N4 or Co3O4.
Modulation of the electronic structure of metallic bismuth catalysts by cerium doping to facilitate electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to formate
Authors: Zhang Yangyuan , Liu Shilong , Ji Nannan , Wei Lingzhi , Liang Qiyang , Li Jiejie , Tian Ziqi , Su Jianwei , Chen Qianwang
Published: March 2024

Bi(0) metal was utilized as a CO2RR catalyst to achieve enhanced durability in cathodic applications. Besides, the CO2RR activity was effectively improved by a promising strategy of electronic structure modulation through Ce doping.
Analysis of climatic factors affecting high-voltage overhead lines in the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Authors: Kudratillaev Akhmatilla , Raimov Ruzikul , Shavazov Abdulatif , Maxammadiev Farrux
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes the harsh climatic factors affecting the operation of high-voltage power lines in Uzbekistan with hot, dry weather and polluted atmosphere. Based on the analysis of all climatic factors affecting the operation of insulation and other nodes of overhead lines and high-voltage equipment in general, the severity of these factors is shown both in terms of insulation and energy efficiency. Another significant factor has been identified that has a very strong impact on the operation of overhead lines and high-voltage equipment, which was not previously listed in the list of influencing factors in any literature.
Thyristor-based control for high-power and high-voltage synchronous electric drives in ball mill operations
Authors: Khamzaev Akbar , Mambetsheripova Ajargul , Nietbaev Arislanbek
Published: March 2024

This paper introduces technical solutions for the gradual initiation of potent and high-voltage synchronous motors, with the aim of advancing energy efficiency, resource utilization, and prolonging the operational lifespan of electric drives. A thyristor-based voltage converter device, comprising a cluster of thyristors, has been developed and tested in an experimental setup. The findings demonstrate a substantial reduction in the stator winding start-up current of synchronous motors when launched with the thyristor initiation device, decreasing from 5 to 8 times to 2 to 3 times.
CFD analysis for absorber tube of a solar water heater collector
Authors: Uzakov Gulom , Shamurotova Sokhiba
Published: March 2024

In this work, CFD analysis of smooth absorber fin tube and screw absorber fin tube used in solar water heater collector is considered and compared. Three-dimensional numerical CFD model simulations were performed using flow simulation in COMSOL Multiphysics software. A flat absorber wing tube made of different materials (Stainless steel, Iron, Copper, Aluminum) is evaluated. At the same time, different water inlet velocities were tested. Various velocities such as 0.01 m/s, 0.02 m/s, 0.025 m/s, 0.035 m/s have been simulated and here the inlet velocity of 0.2 m/s is close to optimal for the given size, the outlet velocity at this velocity is suitable for direct consumption.
Model of biodiversity and plant sustainability based on quantum variational optimization
Authors: Mukhamedieva D.T. , Raupova M.H.
Published: March 2024

Plant biodiversity plays an important role in the sustainability of ecosystems and human societies. The resilience of plants in the context of biodiversity relates to their ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions, provide ecosystem services and meet human needs. This article examines the influence of quantum variational optimization on the solution of a system of differential equations for a model of plant biodiversity and sustainability, taking into account the interaction between two populations. The system of equations models the dynamics of changes in the density of plant populations of types and over time, consider the influence of interaction, growth coefficients and the intensity of the impact of diseases and pests. The numerical integration method is used to solve the system of equations, and quantum variational optimization is also introduced. Quantum variational optimization is performed with the goal of minimizing the error obtained from a quantum computational experiment. An analysis is made of the optimal parameters found using quantum optimization and their impact on population dynamics. The article provides a comprehensive approach to studying the influence of quantum variational optimization on the solution of differential equations, and discusses the potential prospects for using this method in environmental and biological models.
Landscape structure of the territory of the nature monument of regional significance “YOlkinskie Rocks” (Sverdlovsk region, Russia)
Authors: Astashin Andrej , Badin Mihail , Vatina Ol’ga , Podkovyrina Valeriya , Tihanov Evgenij
Published: March 2024

The article presents the results of researching of the landscape structure of the territory of the natural monument of regional significance “YOlkinskie Rocks”, based on the materials of field research, conducted in 2023, remote sensing data, thematic maps, literary data, processed using the QGIS program. Based on the results of field research, a floristic list has been compiled, including 70 plant species in 11 families of 5 classes. During the research, 4 plant species, listed in the Red Book of the Sverdlovsk region and 1 plant species, listed in the Red Book of the Russian Federation, were found. During the research, a landscape map of the researched territory was developed at the level of tracts, a total of 5 tracts were identified within the natural monument, the degree of anthropogenic disturbance of natural complexes was established and the main factors threatening the conservation of natural territorial complexes within the researched territory were identified. The landscape determinism of the distribution of rare plant species was determined, which made it possible to identify the most valuable tracts from the point of view of nature protection.
Research on the methodology of digital mapping of national natural parks
Authors: Suyunov Abdusali , Suyunov Shukhrat , Xushmurodov Farrux , Begimkulov Dilmurod , Shoxruz Xudayqulov
Published: March 2024

This scientific article envisages updating of basic electronic digital maps and their inclusion in the National Geoinformation Base, as well as their effective use for the preservation of national natural parks and maintenance of their cadaster. On the map base created, initial site geodetic work was carried out at the geographical location of the national nature parks. And also, an in-depth analysis of remote sensing materials was carried out. These remote sensing materials were processed in special programs, decoded, and new objects were mapped on the digital map base in ArcGIS program.
Exploring the role of silver nanoparticles and surfactants in gas hydrate formation: a study on structural dynamics
Authors: Bozhko Yulia , Zhdanov Ravil , Gets Kirill , Subbotin Oleg , Belosludov Vladimir
Published: March 2024

This study explores how silver nanoparticles (5Å in diameter), SDS affect carbon dioxide hydrate formation, particularly their role in speeding up the creation of clathrate hydrates. The research highlights the importance of nanoparticles and surfactants in managing gas hydrates, with potential benefits for natural resource management and reducing greenhouse gases. Data analysis focused on the structural order parameter F4, revealing no significant impact from silver nanoparticles on F4’s behavior in carbon dioxide–water systems with or without SDS (500ppm). However, the presence of SDS surfactant markedly alters F4, underscoring surfactants’ influence on hydrate formation. The dynamic shifts in F4 during the study illustrate the complex interplay between system components in hydrate formation.
Blended learning implementation of outcome-based education curriculum in learning management systems
Authors: Ni’mah Ana Tsalitsatun , Solihin Firdaus , Sari Ita Uliyah
Published: March 2024

This research explores the integration of Outcome-Based Education (OBE) into the curriculum through a blended learning approach within the Learning Management System (LMS) in secondary education. The study employs a systematic methodology, commencing with an in-depth literature review to establish a robust theoretical framework. The focused observational technique involves participant observation with student groups. The research aims to observe the direct implementation of outcome-based education through a blended learning platform, emphasizing student interactions and teaching effectiveness. The primary contribution of this study lies in discovering the implementation methods of outcome-based education on an LMS platform, which has a significant impact on integrating more effective assessment methods for student learning outcomes. The holistic approach of this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics and effectiveness of outcome-based curricula through blended learning in the Learning Management System in secondary education settings. The research findings indicate a success rate, demonstrating an average increase in student interest of 11.93122.
Language used in shop signs in Kamal, Madura: Virtual landscape linguistics using google street view
Authors: Zakiyah Fitriyatuz , Susylowati Eka , Shabrina Kartika Ninggar
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to investigate the languages used in shop signs in Kamal, Madura using an internet application namely Google Street View. Within the framework of the linguistic landscape approach, it has to do with the existence, distribution, and factors influencing the existence of languages. This analysis used descriptive-qualitative methods. The data was pictures of shop signs in that area which was chosen by several criteria. The signs that we chose was sign in Kamal main road, it was only business signs, and we only analysed the name of the business signs. By using that criteria, we found 277 signs for our data. The data was analysed quantitatively to know the distribution and factors influencing the existence of languages in the signs. The findings revealed that the shop owners still used languages other than the Madurese language in their shop signs, such as English, Korean, Mandarin, and Arabic, with Indonesian being the most dominant language. It implies that as one of the gates of Madura, there is modernization and diversity demonstrated by the use of foreign languages in the area. It also supports the idea that the people in Kamal Madura are heterogenous. Moreover, using the Indonesian language in that area implies loyalty to the central Government’s language policy.
Please look at me? Connecting self esteem and online self-presentation among teenagers on social media instagram
Authors: Arnani Ni Putu Rizky , Nindhita Vidya
Published: March 2024

The evolving landscape of social media in the present day contributes to the revitalization of social relationship. The use of social media platforms continues to integrate into adolescents of life and essential for identity development. Adolescentes have a need for self-existence, and social media serves as a medium to fulfil this need within their friendship circles. This research aims to seek the relationship between self-esteem and online self-representation among adolescents who use instagram. This study employed quantitative approach with correlation method. The data were collected using two instruments: a self-esteem scale and online self-representation scale. The respondents of this research were 154 adolescents in MAN Bangkalan. The analysis was conducted using simple regression. The results showed that the self-esteem had a significant effect on online self-representation, resulting in meaningful contribution of 6%.
Evaluation of technical efficiency traditional agriculture among smallholder maize farmers in East Java
Authors: Hayati Mardiyah , Nugroho Taufik Rizal Dwi Adi , Firdaus Mohammad Wahyu , Fatahullah  , Adetya Aulia
Published: March 2024

The low productivity of maize in traditional agriculture has worsened the demand and supply of maize production. This gap indicates the important role of the small farmer sector in producing maize. However, this also indicates that there will be serious consequences for food security in Indonesia if maize farmers experience crop failure. Because of these conditions, this article will analyze the technical efficiency of traditional maize farming using a randomly selected sample of 70 farmers. This research uses a stochastic frontier model of technical efficiency analysis through a linearized Cobb-Douglas production function to determine the input production elasticity coefficient, technical efficiency, and the determining factors of technical efficiency. This study found that maize production responded positively to increasing the amount of seed, urea fertilizer, and NPK fertilizer. Efficiency analysis shows that traditional farming activities for smallholder maize farmers are classified as technically efficient with a Technical Efficiency value of 0.821, which means farmers can combine inputs to produce optimal output. The results of this research empirically prove that small-scale agriculture in maize farming activities has a better level of technical efficiency. The results of this research also highlight the role of farmer groups in improving technical efficiency through better agricultural extension services and other access.
Spatio-temporal NDVI changes of mangrove forest in West Bangkalan using high resolution imagery
Authors: Rachman Herlambang Aulia , Hanifa Siti Nur
Published: March 2024

Mangrove play a crucial role in coastal ecosystem, both ecologically and economically. The phenomenon of land use change in coastal areas is a serious issue, especially for mangrove ecosystems. Currently there is one of the data with the High Resolution Imagery category that can be used as an analysis of coastal areas. High resolution data can provide detailed information on changes in coastal areas. The case study conducted in this analysis is on the west coast of Bangkalan Regency, precisely in Arosbaya District. The assessment carried out in this study is the analysis of temporal variations in the Normalize Different Vegetation Index (NDVI) value in mangrove forest areas using High Resolution satellite imagery. The data used is PlanetScope image with 3 m spatial resolution with 4 spectral bands from 2018-2023. The results of the analysis show that the average value of NDVI in the study area is 0.66 with a quite high value distribution in the western and eastern parts. The temporal standard deviation value of NDVI shows that some locations have high values, reaching 0.5 in some locations. Analysis of the trend of change shows that locations with high standard deviation values have a tendency to have increasing trend values in the north (>0.2 per year) and there is also a decreasing trend in the south (<-0.2 per year). After identification, areas with increasing (positive) NDVI trends are areas that have experienced mangrove rehabilitation in recent years. While in areas with a downward trend there is a change in land use that was previously a mangrove forest area into ponds.
Die (nahe) Zukunft der psychiatrischen Kliniken in
Deutschland
Authors: Spießl Hermann , Zink Mathias , Zwanzger Peter
Published: March 2024

Im Rahmen der umfassenden Reform des Krankenhaussystems in Deutschland erschien am
29.09.2023 die Achte Stellungnahme und Empfehlung der Regierungskommission
für eine moderne und bedarfsgerechte Krankenhausversorgung zum Thema der
Reform und Weiterentwicklung der sog. „Psych-Fächer“
(Psychiatrie, Psychosomatik und Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie). Diese spielten im
Rahmen der geplanten Krankenhausreform trotz eines Anteils von 15% der
Gesamtbetten (i. e. fast 74.000 Krankenhausbetten, davon allein in der
Psychiatrie ca. 57.000) und der hohen Krankheitsprävalenz psychischer
Störungen erstaunlicherweise bislang kaum eine Rolle. Dies begründet
sich insbesondere auf die zur Somatik unterschiedliche Krankenhausplanung und
Vergütungssystematik.
Osteogenic Differentiation and Proliferation of Apical Papilla Stem Cells Using Chitosan-Coated Nanohydroxyapatite and Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles
Authors: Elshahat Sara , Elgendy Abeer Abdelhakim , Elsewify Tarek
Published: March 2024

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation ability and proliferation of apical papilla stem cells (SCAPs) using chitosan-coated nanohydroxyapatite and bioactive glass nanoparticles.

Materials and Methods Hydroxyapatite, chitosan-coated nanohydroxyapatite, and bioactive glass 45S5 nanoparticles were prepared and characterized using a transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. SCAPs were harvested from freshly extracted impacted wisdom teeth, cultured, and characterized using flow cytometric analysis. Tested nanomaterials were mixed and samples were classified into five equal groups as follows: negative control group: SCAP with Dulbecco's modified eagle's medium, positive control group: SCAP with inductive media, first experimental group: nanohydroxyapatite with SCAP, second experimental group: chitosan-coated nanohydroxyapatite with SCAP, third experimental group: bioactive glass nanoparticles with SCAP. Osteoblastic differentiation was assessed using an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay. Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANKL) expression was evaluated using specific polyclonal antibodies by fluorescence microscope. The proliferation of SCAP was assessed using cell count and viability of trypan blue in addition to an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Results Isolated SCAP showed a nonhematopoietic origin. Chitosan-coated nanohydroxyapatite showed the highest ALP concentration followed by nanobioactive glass, nanohydroxyapatite, and negative control. Chitosan-coated nanohydroxyapatite showed the highest H score followed by nanobioactive glass, nanohydroxyapatite, and negative control in RANKL expression. Chitosan-coated nanohydroxyapatite showed the highest viable cell count.

Conclusion SCAP isolation is achievable from extracted fully impacted immature third molars. All tested biomaterials have the ability to induce osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of SCAP. Composite nanoparticle materials show better osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of SCAP than single nanoparticles.
Skin Tumours in and Around Aligarh (A Clinicopathological Study)*
Authors: Khan M. H. , Tyagi S. P. , Ahuja I. S. , Ansari A. , Tyagi Nirmala
Published: March 2024

One hundred twentyfour casses of skin tumours treated at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Hospital, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh were reviewed. Sixty cases had malignant tumours and the remaining 64 benign tumours, Squamous cell carcinoma was the commonest malignant tumour (70.0 percent). The others were basal cell carcinoma (18.4 percent), melanoma (8.3 percent) and metastatic carcinoma (3.3 percent). Skin malignancy constituted 8.19 percent of all malignant growths diagnosed histopathologically.

Haemangioma was the commonest benign tumour (46.9 percent), commonly seen in children. Male female ratio of all tumours was 1.7: 1. Benign tumours were seen mostly in children and students while malignant ones were common in farmers.

Surgery was the treatment of choice. Radiotherapy was used in inoperable cases, The merits and demerits of different methods of surgical treatment have been discussed.
“Amniotic Membrane As A Biological Dressing Over Wounds”
Authors: Sinka Prof. Dr. R. C. , Sinha Dr. B. B.
Published: March 2024

1. Sixty cases drawn from different age groups and sexes having wounds resulting from burn injury or trauma or infection were taken up for the study of the utility of amniotic membrane as temporary biological cover.

2. The membranes usually survived upto five days on even deep wounds or severely infected wounds after which it had to be replaced. The deep wounds also had healing from margins.

3. In all cases bacterial counts dropped down following amnion grafting.
Tuberculosis Osteomyelitis Of Mandible With Pathological Fractures
Authors: Mitra M. , Agrawal K. , Mitra S. K. , Pathak I. C.
Published: March 2024

A rare case of tuberculous osteomyelitis mandible with pathological fracture has been reported. The problems in diagnosis and principles of management have been highlighted. Accurate, repair of mucosal tear and longer period of immobilization are necessary.
Epignathus (A Case Report)
Authors: Yadava Dr. Vishwa Nath Sahai , Sardana Dr. Dharmendre Singh , Srivastava Dr. Ram Naresh
Published: March 2024

A rare case of epignathus of upper jaw associated with median cleft of primary palate and bilateral defect of posterior palate is author's.
Electrical Burns
Authors: Shah Ashok C.
Published: March 2024

The pathophysiology of electrical burns and the ways it differs from thermal turns are discussed.

134 cases of electrical burns during 5 years period are presented, out of which only 25 cases required different types of specialised surgical management.
The Use Of Marlex Mesh For Incisional Hernia Repair
Authors: Khanna N. N. , Jain Pradeep
Published: March 2024

Forty cases of incisional hernia underwent operation on which Marlex mesh was used routinely to strengthen the repaired defect. No patient had any major complication in the post-operative period. No patient has so far shown recurrence. Thus Marlex mesh appears to be a satisfactory synthetic prothesis in the repair of incisional hernias.
Skin Cover Of Lower Limb Defect By Gastrocnemius Myocutaneous Flap
Authors: Varma Dr. Pramod Kumar , Sinha Dr. Mrs. Mala
Published: March 2024

Two cases of skin cover in the lower limb by Myo-cutaneous flap have been described. Its advantages and its merit over other methods of skin cover in that region have been discussed.
A New Clinical Classification Of Common Facial Clefts
Authors: Sood Prakash C. , Khanna N. N.
Published: March 2024

A new clinically orientated classification of common facial clefts with an outline of deformities is being presented. This may advance the field of research and help in giving a better deal for the management of these malformations.
CONGENITAL MIDLINE CERVICAL CLEFT AND WEB
Authors: SHARMA R. N. , SINGH HARINAM
Published: March 2024

A rare case of congenital midline cervical cleft and web is reported.