bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Harry Wills and the Image of the Black Boxer from Jack Johnson to Joe Louis
Authors: Bunk Brian D.
Published: December 2022

The African-American press created images of Harry Wills that were intended to restore the image of the black boxer after Jack Johnson and to use these positive representations as effective tools in the fight against inequality. Newspapers highlighted Wills’s moral character in contrast to Johnson’s questionable reputation. Articles, editorials, and cartoons presented Wills as a representative of all Americans regardless of race and appealed to notions of sportsmanship based on equal opportunity in support of the fighter’s efforts to gain a chance at the title. The representations also characterized Wills as a race man whose struggle against boxing’s color line was connected to the larger challenges facing all African Americans. The linking of a sports figure to the broader cause of civil rights would only intensify during the 1930s as figures such as Joe Louis became even more effective weapons in the fight against Jim Crow segregation.
“Rumble in the Jungle”: Muhammad Ali vs. George Foreman in the Age of Global Spectacle
Authors: Erenberg Lewis A.
Published: December 2022

This essay explores the domestic and international implications of the 1974 title match between Ali and Foreman in Zaire. Beamed across the world via satellite, the bout was a global spectacle of Black Power and Black Nationalism. Ali was a pan-African star whose Islamic religion and opposition to the Vietnam War made him a global champion in an era of colonial rebellion. The bout also dramatized the crumbling civil rights consensus in the black community, as Ali embodied Black Nationalism and sixties rebellion, while Foreman defended the establishment and liberal civil rights. His flag-waving gesture during the 1968 Mexico City Olympics, made him a patriotic counter to black rebels in sport and a rescuer of an American belief in its national exceptionalism. Pan-African star Ali took advantage of the African setting to win over the African masses, who rooted for him as an anti-colonial hero.
Women’s Cycle Racing: Enduring Meanings
Authors: Lucas Shelley
Published: December 2022

In this study, I explore the challenges associated with long distance women’s road racing. Within the sport of cycling, road race distances for women and men differ greatly. I examine the meanings that these distances have acquired within women’s road racing, according to promoters/race organizers, athletes, and governing bodies, as based upon their experiences with well-known and historically significant women’s competitions, circa 1950s-1990s. Based upon this research, the three main ways that distance has taken on meaning in women’s road racing are as follows: 1) women do not have the stamina, strength or speed to effectively and efficiently race long distances; 2) the length of the race correlates negatively with women’s aggressiveness; and 3) races that are too long increase the likelihood that competitors and promoters will have to deal with the issue of women’s public urination during the race.
Concepts of Capital: An Approach Shot to the History of the British Golf Club before 1914
Authors: Vamplew Wray
Published: December 2022

Golf took the concept of the club from traditional voluntary organizations along with the ideas of committee structures, mechanisms for ensuring exclusivity, and a place, both geographically and socially, for communal conviviality. It became one of the fastest growing recreational activities of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Britain and the first participant sport to expend and invest large sums of money. By means of a model constructed around the development of the British golf club before 1914, this paper offers a new approach to examining the history of associativity in sport. It uses five concepts of capital—physical, financial, cultural, social, and human—and argues that their formation in the context of club development should not be explored in isolation of each other.
Gendered Pleasures, Power, Limits, and Suspicions: Exploring the Subjectivities of Female Supporters of Australian Rules Football
Authors: Klugman Matthew
Published: December 2022

Feminist sports histories have sought to give voice to the experiences and subjectivities of female athletes and increasingly of female sports fans. Yet the passions of female sports fans have been neglected. This paper traces the affects and subjectivities of female followers of Australian Rules football by way of indepth interviews along with the writings of, and about, female fans. More specifically, it contrasts the relatively inclusive passions fostered by the spectator culture of Australian Rules football with the gendered limits around the possible dreams this sport provokes, before turning to the supposedly “feminine” fantasies of female fans, and concluding with a coda on the problematic intersections of football and sex. Writing the passions of female sports fans into feminist histories of sport allows for a richer understanding of the layered historical interplay of gender and sexuality with the intriguing pleasures and power at the center of popular sporting cultures.
Contours of Transnational Contact: Kid Chocolate, Cuba, and the United States in the 1920s and 1930s
Authors: Casimir Enver M.
Published: December 2022

Boxer Kid Chocolate was one of the most prominent and popular athletes in Cuba in the 1920s and 1930s. An analysis of his career and the reasons for his popularity in Cuba shed light on the cultural dimensions of U.S.-Cuban relations during this time. Appreciation of the career of Kid Chocolate in both the U.S. and Cuba suggests that Cubans and Americans shared a cultural world that centered on the appreciation of sport in general and was characterized by extensive Cuban consumption of North American sporting culture. But Cubans were not simply passive consumers of this culture. Instead they infused their own meaning into the career of Kid Chocolate, subtly invoking it as a challenge to North American hegemony in Cuba while also critiquing North American racism.
Branding Iron: Eugen Sandow’s “Modern” Marketing Strategies, 1887-1925
Authors: Morais Dominic G.
Published: December 2022

Eugen Sandow was a professional strongman who started his theatrical career in 1887. Upon his retirement in 1903, the Sandow name was known internationally as a synonym for strength, health, and bodily perfection. Sandow used this popularity to market a number of different products including books, a magazine, health clubs, exercise equipment, and miscellaneous health products. Although literature on Sandow documents his cultural influences and continues to grow, none specifically or comprehensively address the business and marketing aspects of his career. This paper attempts to fill that void. It argues that Sandow utilized a three-pronged strategy in order to establish his personal brand. Furthermore, it examines the way Sandow leveraged his brand in order to market his name and other products worldwide. Finally, the paper is a starting point for others to examine ways other popular physical culturists like Bob Hoffman, the Weiders, and Arnold Schwarzenegger marketed their brands.
Miss Billie’s Deer: Women in Bow Hunting Journals, 1920-1960
Authors: Mogren Eric
Published: December 2022

Early twentieth-century American outdoor magazines promoted sport hunting as recreation characterized by class, rather than gender. Women hunters were not harbingers of gender equality, and their “femininity” gave hunting a genteel legitimacy. During the mid twentieth century, sporting publications reflected a growing ambivalence of the hunting community toward women hunters, as hunting became increasingly viewed as a homosocial ritual tied to ideals of manhood and patriotism. Women’s voices virtually disappeared from mainstream outdoor literature. When the modern sport of bow hunting emerged as an alternative to firearms hunting in the 1920s, advocates again relied upon the femininity of women bow hunters to lend their new recreation legitimacy and gain public acceptance at a time when the public, and even firearms hunters, considered it to be a cruel and unsportsmanlike pastime. Women became allies in the promotion of the controversial new sport and, unlike the broader hunting community that came to marginalize women’s hunting experiences, bow hunting journals portrayed their recreation as fundamentally distinct from firearms hunting, welcomed women as hunting equals, and celebrated their hunting successes.
Horses, Bulls and Bodies: The Formation of the Sport Field in Rio de Janeiro
Authors: de Melo Victor Andrade
Published: December 2022

How did sport, a social phenomenon that emerged in the West with the transformation to modernity, arrive in Brazil, a peripheral country in the global system? What forms did modern sport take in Brazil? How did its development articulate with the formation of Brazil as a nation? Conversely, how did the political, economic, and cultural dynamics within Brazil manifest in sport? In answering these questions here I look at the case of Rio de Janeiro, the capital of Brazil in the nineteenth century and the first city in Brazil to experience modernity and modern sport.
A Universal Dilemma: The British Sporting Life and the Complex, Contested, and Contradictory State of Amateurism
Authors: Llewellyn Matthew P. , Gleaves John
Published: December 2022

As a core and enduring ideal that influenced sports throughout the world for over a century, amateurism has long fascinated scholars. While historians have examined the social origins of amateurism within its institutional seedbed in Britain, the subject has proven resistant to extensive scholarly analysis. Many questions still remain unanswered: What were the mechanisms that took amateurism around the world? How was amateurism received outside of Britain? Was amateurism a monolithic, homogenous term? Or, alternatively, was it malleable, selective and fluid, transforming itself within and across national boundaries? A coordinated effort by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the popular British newspaper, Sporting Life, attempted to craft a universal amateur definition across all sports in the aftermath of the controversial 1908 Olympic games in London. The IOC’s difficulties in establishing an international consensus in the years prior to the Great War revealed that amateurism, even within the British Isles, was a vibrant, variegated ideology possessing chameleon-like qualities. The sheer breadth and malleability of amateurism meant that it proved to be impossible to legislate for the status of an amateur on a global scale.
Playing for the Nation, Fighting for the Revolution: Documentaries on Cuban Sports
Authors: Rodriguez Juan Carlos
Published: December 2022

Sports have played a dual role in the Cuban Revolution. International sport competitions symbolize the revolution’s success and compose a strategy for creating social cohesion. This essay explores how Cuban sports documentaries (as well as documentaries on Cuban sports made by foreign filmmakers) represent and problematize these complementary roles. It argues that Cuban sport documentaries offer insights about the Cuban Revolution over time and provide occasions to explore the sociocultural, economic, and political challenges that Cubans have faced in the revolution’s socialist and post-Soviet stages.
More Than Milk and Cookies: Reconsidering the College Play Day
Authors: Eikleberry Sarah Jane
Published: December 2022

This paper considers how examining events such as college play days can provide additional insights into the experiences of women involved in college sport. This article interrogates the dominant discourses that scholars have previously assigned to the play day and seeks to build a new framework for understanding why play days were adopted and how they evolved between 1926 and 1971. I also examine how the play day served as a site where notions of respectable female physicality were reproduced and reworked by various groups to advance specific professional and cultural concerns. This article draws from twentiethcentury professional literature, magazines, textbooks, and college newspapers, in addition to the correspondence, minutes, and memoirs from various students, faculty, and administrative entities.
“To Conquer Myself ”: The New Strenuosity and the Emergence of “Thru-hiking” on the Appalachian Trail in the 1970s
Authors: Berg Adam
Published: December 2022

In the early 1970s hundreds of hikers began to traverse all 2,000-plus miles of the Appalachian Trail in a single effort. Spanning from Maine to Georgia, today over 14,000 have trekked across the entirety of the famed “wilderness footpath.” A particular mentality, characterized by perceptions of asocial self-discovery gained though physical activity and “wilderness” recreation led to the initial 1970s “thru-hiker” surge. This sense of autonomous self-discovery, however, was connected to a certain social and cultural context. Indeed, it could be argued that thru-hikers embraced a certain brand of individualism that should be read as a manifestation of a privileged social position as much as the achievement of personal authenticity.
“Happy and Cheerful in This Fine Camp”: Sports, Recreation, and the United States Army at Fort Ord and Camp Roberts, 1940 to 1945
Authors: Park Roberta J.
Published: December 2022

In the introduction to their recent book Sport and the Military: The British Armed Forces, 1880-1960 (2010) Tony Mason and Eliza Riedi state that sport has been “poorly served in histories of the British armed forces.” This is followed by the assertion: “The study of the roles played by sport in the United States military is somewhat more developed” (pp. 1-3). Given the extensive growth that has occurred since the 1970s/1980s in studying “the history of sport” this lack of attention in both countries seems rather surprising. Although histories of sports and physical fitness programs conducted by the United States Navy during World War II have received at least a modicum of attention, those involving the United States Army barely exist.
Imagen corporal en adolescentes chihuahuenses
Authors: Ornelas Contreras Martha , Blanco Vega Humberto , Peinado Pérez Jesús E. , Zueck Enríquez María del Carmen , Jurado García Perla J.
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en determinar las diferencias y similitudes entre alumnos y alumnas mexicanos de secundaria en cuanto a la percepción sobre su imagen corporal actual, ideal, social e inconformidad corporal. Método: la muestra total fue de 478 sujetos; 240 mujeres y 238 hombres, con una edad media de 12.95 ± 0.95 y 12.83 ± 1.03 años respectivamente. El abordaje adoptado en la investigación se enmarcó dentro de un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño descriptivo tipo encuesta. Todos los participantes contestaron la Escala Informatizada para la Estimación del Contorno de la Figura adaptada e informatizada por Gastélum y Blanco (2006). Resultados: los resultados del análisis multivariante de varianza, seguido por los análisis de varianza univariados, muestran que las mujeres son quienes eligen modelos más delgados para su figura ideal, además de mostrar mayor inconformidad corporal. Futuras investigaciones deberían replicar estos hallazgos en muestras más amplias.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v12i2.146
Editorial
Authors: Rivera Figueroa César Humberto
Published: December 2022

En esta entrega se estará abordando el tema de los entornos virtuales del aprendizaje (EVA), las tecnologías de la información y comunica- ción y la pedagogía de la virtualidad han ganado espacio en la educación superior. Así mismo, se analizará la imagen corporal en adolescentes chihuahuenses y cómo las redes sociales se han erigido como instrumentos determinantes para la promoción y disuasión de candidatos a cargos de elección popular. Después veremos cómo a son las estructuras de familia en Chihuahua partir de un análisis con enfoque multidimensional de las estructuras familiares en el estado de Chihuahua. Más adelante, se presentará un análisis relacionado al medio ambiente de cómo el acelerado crecimiento urbano y la falta de planeación han provocado un descenso en los niveles de agua subterránea. Por último, y con el objetivo de ampliar el conocimiento de la variedad de especies de aves presentes en el estado de Aguascalientes, conoceremos acerca de la avifauna de la comunidad de La Lumbrera (Cieneguilla) de este estado.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tch.v12i2.152
Efecto promotor del crecimiento micelial de Fusarium sp. y Aspergillus sp. en condiciones in vitro de extractos acuosos y etanólico de dos especies de Cylindropuntia
Authors: Cid-Lucero Andrea , González- Fernández Raquel , Valero Galán José
Published: December 2022

En el presente estudio se evaluó el efecto de los extractos acuosos (decocción y maceración acuosa) y etanólico de dos especies del género Cylindropuntia sobre el crecimiento micelial de Fusarium sp. y Aspergillus sp. en condiciones in vitro. Los extractos se realizaron de cladodios de C. imbricata y C. leptocaulis en tres concentraciones (10 %, 20 % y 30 %) y se añadieron a cajas Petri para formar un medio de cultivo extracto-agar nutritivo. Los medios de cultivo se inocularon con las diferentes cepas fitopatógenas y se incubaron por 10 días y se midió el crecimiento del micelio de cada una de las cepas en cada uno de los tratamientos y cada concentración cada 24 horas. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas entre los extractos de las plantas. C. imbricata presentó una mayor estimulación del crecimiento micelial con respecto a la obtenida de C. leptocaulis. Aspergillus sp. fue la cepa que presentó el mayor crecimiento micelial y Fusarium sp. presentó un menor crecimiento. El extracto etanólico presentó un mayor porcentaje de crecimiento micelial, seguido de los extractos obtenidos de la decocción y los que presentaron un menor crecimiento micelial fueron los obtenidos por maceración acuosa. Las concentraciones del 30 % fueron las que presentaron un mayor crecimiento micelial, seguida de las concentraciones del 20 %, y finalmente las concentraciones del 10 %. Nosotros concluimos que estos extractos no presentaron un efecto inhibitorio en el crecimiento de micelio de estos hongos fitopatógenos; al contrario, los extractos de ambas especies estimularon el crecimiento de estos hongos.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v14i3.641
Acesso à justiça pela via da serventia extrajudicial: entrave da resolução n° 35/2007 do Conselho Nacional de Justiça quanto à sucessão do companheiro
Authors: Ferreira Rosana de Cássia , Goretti Ricardo
Published: December 2022

A Constituição Federal de 1988 protegeu novos núcleos familiares. O art. 226, § 3°, reconheceu a união estável como entidade familiar. Por causa dos debates quanto à sucessão do companheiro, diferenciando-a da sucessão do cônjuge, houve o julgamento dos Recursos Extraordinários (RE) nº 646.721 e 878.694 pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF), que decidiu pela inconstitucionalidade do art. 1.790 do Código Civil. Porém, o processo de inventário extrajudicial, tratado pela Resolução n° 35/2007 do Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ), prevê diferenças para o acesso à justiça do companheiro perante as Serventias Extrajudiciais, quando este é o único herdeiro. Questiona-se os motivos de se manter a limitação contida no art.18 da Resolução n° 35/2007 do CNJ quanto ao inventário extrajudicial do companheiro quando este for o único herdeiro. Perquire-se se há fundamento legal ou jurisprudencial que justifique a exigência do ajuizamento de ação judicial pelo companheiro na ausência de outros sucessores do autor da herança; ou se isso é um obstáculo à efetivação do acesso à justiça. Pautou-se no método dedutivo, nos estudos de Cappelletti e Garth, nas análises dos Recursos Extraordinários e da Resolução n° 35. Portanto, vê-se a necessidade de alteração do art. 18 da Resolução no 35 do CNJ.
Delitos nas relações empresariais à luz da teoria do bem jurídico e da intervenção de Hassemer
Authors: Pereira Henrique Viana , Kelles Monique Pena
Published: December 2022

O presente texto explorou as principais motivações do jurista alemão Winfried Hassemer na construção de sua reconhecida teoria pessoal do bem jurídico. Para tanto, de início, tratou das primeiras conceituações sobre o bem jurídico e como se desenvolveu ao longo do tempo. Em seguida, o pensamento de Hassemer foi exposto com o fim de apresentar os argumentos do autor para retomar às bases do Direito Penal, para uma formulação do bem jurídico condizente com os princípios basilares desse ramo, bem como com as garantias fundamentais da pessoa humana que inauguram e sustentam o Estado Democrático de Direito. Ao final, foi exposta sua posição quanto aos delitos negociais que visam proteger a ordem econômica, e sua proposta teórica intitulada de direito de intervenção. O que se nota é uma teoria preocupada com a tendência expansionista que afeta o Direito Penal, sem dela se desfazer por completo, mas sim, buscando traçar modelos de intervenção pelo direito que sejam eficazes na proteção dos seres humanos e seu bem-estar, e não no alargamento desenfreado do poder punitivo do Estado.
Pelaksanaan Pengawasan Keimigrasian Efektif terhadap Orang Asing Pemegang Bebas VISA Kunjungan di Wilayah Indonesia
Authors: Aji Muhammad Robby Sasongko , Doroteusgaza Racal Elihu , Pakpahan Faskahlis Wijaya
Published: December 2022

Dalam rangka meningkatkan sektor ekonomi, Indonesia menyediakan suatu visa yang memudahkan para orang asing yang hendak masuk Indonesia yang dinamakan suatu kebijakan pembebasan visa kunjungan bagi negara tertentu yang tercantum dalam perundang undangan di Indonesia. Diatur dalam Peraturan Presiden Nomor 21 Tahun 2016 mengenai kebijakan tersebut diharapkan akan memberikan manfaat bagi masyarakat. Namun dengan kemudahan tersebut menyebabkan lonjakan mobilitas manusia di wilayah Indonesia dan mulailah muncul permasalahan baru mulai dari yang kecil hingga besar dengan skala nasional. Tulisan ini menguraikan betapa besar peran imigrasi dalam pelaksanaan tugas pokok dan fungsinya, khususnya di bidang pengawasan keimigrasian bagi subjek pemegang bebas visa kunjungan di wilayah Indonesia. Selain itu kurangnya prosedur yang mengatur mengenai pengawasan pemegang bebas visa kunjungan ini semakin menjadikan polemic bagi imigrasi dalam melaksanakan tugasnya. Pengawasan imigrasi dirasa kurang maksimal terkhusus pada TIM PORA, perlu adanya pembenahan atas fungsi mereka dalam pelaksanaan pengawasan sehingga menjadi lebih optimal lagi. Namun dalam fakta lapangan masih diperlukan adanya langkah yang tepat dan cepat dalam rangka pengawasan terhadap orang asing pemegang bebas visa kunjungan sehingga pergerakan mereka tetap terpantau meski mereka melakukan mobilitas secara domestic.
Penerapan Teknik Reward dan Punishment dalam Mengembangkan Karakter Disiplin Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun di TK Melati Kragilan
Authors: Riza Nurmayuni Tria , Maryani Kristiana , Fahmi Fahmi
Published: December 2022

Penerapan teknik reward dan punishment dalam mengembangkan karakter disiplin anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Melati Kragilan ini memiliki peran yang baik bagi anak, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan teknik reward dan punishment kepada anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Melati Kragilan, mengetahui cara mengembangkan karakter disiplin kepada anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Melati Kragilan, serta mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat penerapan teknik reward dan punishment dalam mengembangkan karakter disiplin anak usia 5-6 tahun di TK Melati Kragilan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah anak usia 5-6 tahun. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui pengamatan, catatan lapangan, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Validasi dilakukan dengan cara perpanjang keikutsertaan, ketekunan pengamatan, triangulasi, member check, analisis kasus negatif, dan kecukupan referensial. Hasil analisis data menyatakan bahwa: 1) teknik reward dan punishment usia 5-6 tahun di TK Melati Kragilan ini sudah mulai berkembang dengan baik; 2) mengembangkan karakter disiplin di TK Melati Kragilan ini sudah berkembang dengan baik; 3) faktor pendukung dan penghambat, faktor pendukung yaitu a) guru kelas yang selalu menerapkan pembiasaan disiplin; b) sarana dan prasarana yang menunjang kegiatan. Faktor penghambat yaitu emosi atau suasana hati anak yang kurang baik.
Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Moderasi Beragama dalam Pembelajaran Mata Kuliah Wajib Umum Agama Islam di Universitas Borneo Tarakan
Authors: Muhja Zainal Abidin , Kamila Aji Tasya , Shahnaz Liza
Published: December 2022

Radikalisme merupakan ancaman disintegrasi bangsa Indonesia. Pencegahan Radikalisme harus dimulai dari hulu ke hilir. Pemahaman yang sempit terhadap ajaran Islam merupakan penyebab munculnya radikalisme. Hal ini biasa terjadi pada sebagian kalangan pelajar atau mahasiswa dari perguruan tinggi berlatar belakang pendidikan umum. Maka, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengatasi pemahaman yang sempit dalam beragama bagi mahasiswa dengan upaya menanamkan nilai-nilai moderasi beragama melalui pembelajaran MKWU Agama Islam. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji hakikat nilai-nilai moderasi beragama sehingga dapat ditanamkan melalui pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di Universitas Borneo Tarakan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan bahan ajar pada MKWU Agama Islam di Universitas Borneo Tarakan.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Keluarga terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Ratunguri Yusak , Supit Deisye , Nurhayati Nurhayati
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan dengan observasi yang dilakukan di SD Negeri Inpres Parepei. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh lingkungan keluarga terhadap motivasi belajar siswa kelas tinggi SD Negeri Inpres Parepei. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif servey. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas tinggi SD Negeri Inpres Parepei. Keseluruhan dari popolasi (kelas tinggi) yaitu 23 siswa. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner/angket yang telah diuji validitas dan relibilitasnya. Kemudian setelah memenuhi validitas dan relibilitas dilanjutkan dengan uji Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah Analisis regresi sederhana dengan uji T dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 25. Dari hasil pengujian hipotesis, dinyatakan terdapat pengaruh lingkungan keluarga terhadap motivasi belajar. Hasil perhitungan regresi diperoleh persamaan Y= 36,039 + 0,541X. Besar pengaruh pelatihan kerja 0,541%. Dengan hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa variabel lingkungan keluarga berpengaruh terhadap variabel motivasi belajar. Hipotesis pada penelitian ini terbukti yaitu lingkungan keluarga memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap motivasi belajar siswa  kelas tinggi SD Negeri Inpres Parepei.
Սարգիս Մեհրաբյան (Խանասորի Վարդան)
Authors: Սահակյան Ռուբեն
Published: December 2022

Начиная с 1890 г. молодой арцахец Саргис Меграбян, который был также известен под именем Ханасори (Ханасорский) Вардан или просто Вардан, посвящает себя армянскому освободительному движению. Получив первое боевое крещение в походе Саргиса Кукуняна, он связывает свое будущее с движением армянских гайдуков. В 1894‒1896 гг. участвует в самообороне Вана-Васпуракана, ведет работы по организации групп сопротивления в армянских населенных пунктах. Апогеем гайдукской деятельности Вардана можно считать Ханасорскую экспедицию 1897 г. против курдского племени мазриков. Вернувшись на Кавказ ‒ в Баку, он начинает писать свои воспоминания, которые охватывают события 1894‒1896 гг. Они были опубликованы в газете «Дрошак». Как представитель Шатаха участвует во II Всеобщем съезде АРФД, состоявшемся в Тифлисе в апреле-июне 1898 г. В 1904‒1905 гг. по поручению партии, вместе с Симоном Заваряном отправляется в Киликию, чтобы на месте изучить ситуацию и оценить возможности распространения там освободительного движения. С июля 1905 г. по декабрь 1906 г., во время армяно-татарских столкновений, Вардан возглавляет самооборону Арцаха и близлежащих армянских провинций. A young man from Artsakh, Sargis Mehrabian, also known as Khanasori Vardan (Vardan of Khanasor) or simply Vardan, devoted himself to the Armenian Liberation Movement as early as 1890. Having received the baptism of fire in the campaign headed by Sargis Kukunian, he joined the Armenian Haiduk Movement. From 1894 to 1896, he took part in the self-defense of Van-Vaspurakan and carried out work on organizing resistance groups in Armenian settlements. The Khanasor expedition of 1897 can be considered the apogee of Vardan’s Haiduk activity against the Kurdish Mazrykan tribe. Having returned to the Caucasus ‒ Baku, he started writing his memoirs, which cover the events through 1894 to 1896. They were published in the newspaper ‘Droshak’. As a representative of Shatakh, he participated in the Second General Congress of the ARF (Dashnaktsutyun), held in Tiflis from April to June of 1898. Through 1904 to 1905, together with Simon Zavarian, on behalf of the Dashnaktsutyun party, he went to Cilicia, in order to study the situation on the spot and assess the possibilities of spreading the liberation movement there.
Периодические изменения блеска красного карлика V647 Her
Authors: Бондарь Н. И. , Антонюк К. А. , Пить Н. В.
Published: December 2022

Исследованы фотометрические ряды красного карлика V647 Her (M3.5V), полученные по результатам наблюдений 2019г. в Крымской астрофизической обсерватории и по данным каталога SuperWASP в 2004-2007гг. Анализ рассмотренных кривых блеска показал наличие переменности с амплитудой 0m.04 и периодом 20.69 дней. Исследована стабильность характеристик этой переменности в разные эпохи. Амплитуда переменности и фаза минимума сохраняются на интервале 40-60 дней. После вычитания вклада 20-дневной периодичности по ряду остатков 2019г. заподозрены быстрые изменения с периодом 1.1 дня с вероятностью около 95%. По данным каталога SuperWASP также обнаруживаются изменения блеска с таким периодом и случаи оптических вспышек.
The photometric series obtained for the red dwarf V647 Her (M3.5V) from the results of observations at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in 2019 and the data of 2004-2007 from the SuperWASP catalog are studied. An analysis of the considered light curves showed the presence of variability with an amplitude of 0m.04 and a period of 20.69 days. The stability of the characteristics of this variability in different epochs has been studied. The amplitude of variability and phase of the minimum persist for 40-60 days. After subtracting the contribution of the 20-day periodicity, rapid brightness changes with a period of 1.1 days are suspected with a probability of about 95% in the residual series in 2019. According to the SuperWASP catalog rapid brightness changes with the same period and optical flare events are also noted.
Мистическая Волна Рэдклиффа
Authors: Бобылев В. В. , Байкова А. Т. , Мишуров Ю. Н.
Published: December 2022

Обзор посвящен волне Рэдклиффа, открытой недавно Алвесом и др. из анализа расположения молекулярных облаков. Эти авторы выделили узкую цепочку из молекулярных облаков, вытянутых практически в одну линию, расположенную под наклоном около 30o к галактической оси y. Собственно, волна Рэдклиффа очерчивает затухающие осцилляции в вертикальном распределении молекулярных облаков с максимальной амплитудой колебания около 160 пк и характерной длиной волны около 2.5 кпк. В настоящее время наличие волны Рэдклиффа подтверждено в вертикальном распределении: а) межзвездной пыли, б) источников мазерного излучения и радиозвезд, которые являются очень молодыми звездами и протозвездами, тесно связанными с молекулярными облаками, в) маломассивных звезд типа Т Тельца, г) более массивных OB-звезд и д) молодых рассеянных скоплений звезд. Волна Рэдклиффа прослеживается и в вертикальных скоростях молодых звезд. Большинство из рассмотренных результатов анализа вертикальных скоростей различных молодых звезд показывает, что колебания вертикальных положений и вертикальных скоростей звезд в волне Рэдклиффа происходят синхронно. Природа волны Рэдклиффа до конца не ясна. Многие исследователи связывают ее с предположением о внешнем гравитационном воздействии на галактический диск ударника типа карликовой галактики-спутника Млечного Пути. The review is devoted to the Radcliffe Wave recently discovered by Alves et al. from the analysis of molecular clouds. These authors singled out a narrow chain of molecular clouds, elongated almost in one line, located at an inclination of about 30o to the galactic axis y. The Radcliffe Wave itself outlines damped vertical oscillations of molecular clouds with a maximum oscillation amplitude of about 160 pc and a characteristic wavelength of about 2.5 kpc. To date, the presence of the Radcliffe Wave has been confirmed in the vertical distribution of a) interstellar dust, b) sources of maser radiation and radio stars, which are very young stars and protostars closely associated with molecular clouds, c) low-mass stars of the T Tau type, d) more massive OB stars and e) young open clusters of stars. The Radcliffe Wave is also traced in the vertical velocities of young stars. Most of the considered results of the analysis of the vertical velocities of various young stars show that the oscillations of the vertical positions and vertical velocities of stars in the Radcliffe Wave occur synchronously. The nature of the Radcliffe Wave is completely unclear. The majority of researchers associate its occurrence with the assumption of an external gravitational impact on the galactic disk of a striker such as a dwarf satellite galaxy of the Milky Way.
Influence of Stack Hybrid Configuration of MoS2 and Graphene on the Performance of Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor
Authors: Davami Amir , Abadi Mohammad
Published: December 2022

This paper investigates the influence of various configurations and flakes of: i) graphene, ii) graphene/MoS2/graphene and iii) MoS2/graphene/MoS2 over a thin layer of gold on the performance of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor. The reflectance curves of the proposed SPR biosensor are obtained, analyzed and compared for different combinations and thicknesses of the biosensors’ layers in refractive indices (RI) of 1 and 1.02, resembling an air and a bacterial medium, respectively. An in-depth analysis based on finite difference time domain method is performed to describe the sensor response considering sensitivity, full width at half maximum and minimum reflectance. The obtained results show that the sensitivity of the biosensor with a 50 nm Au and a 5 nm TiO2 (as the adhesive layer between the Au- layer and the prism) is equal to 61°/RIU. In order to increase further the sensitivity, different stacks and thicknesses of MoS2/graphene/MoS2 and graphene/MoS2/graphene configurations on the Au layer are added. The achieved outcomes reveal that the sensitivity is improved for a monolayer of MoS2 (1L_MoS2) sandwiched between double layers of graphene (2L_G) on 50 nm Au and 5 nm TiO2 (1L_MoS2/2L_G/1L_MoS2/50nmAu/5nmTiO2/Prism-BK7). This combination yields a sensitivity of 71.5 °/RIU for RI changes in the sensing medium (Δn) of 0.02 with a great detection accuracy of 0.33. We hope that – based on the outcomes of this investigation - the proposed structures can open new windows to improve the SPR biosensor detection of biological species.
A Numerical Simulation of Transport Layer Thickness Effect in Tin-Based Perovskite Solar Cell
Authors: Azmi Asrul , Noor Muhammad , Ibrahim Mohd , Ahmad Fauzan , Ibrahim Mohd
Published: December 2022

This paper investigates the performance of a planar n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSC) with lead-free perovskite absorber for three different metal oxides serving as the electron transport layer (ETL). A tin (Sn) based PSCs - with i) zinc oxide (ZnO), ii) titanium oxide (TiO2) and iii) tin oxide (SnO2) as the ETL, and spiro-MeOTAD as the hole transport layer (HTL) - are modeled and simulated using a 1-dimensional numerical software (SCAPS 1-D). Thicknesses of both the methylammonium tin iodide (CH3NH3SnI3) absorber and the ETL are varied for the purpose of achieving the optimum power conversion efficiency (PCE). For all metal oxide candidates, thickness of lead-free perovskite absorber layer is varied from 400 nm to 1500 nm. The obtained results show that the optimum recorded PCE is achieved at 900 nm. Moreover, the highest PCE value of 8.10% is observed for 80 nm thickness of SnO2 compared to 8.05% for ZnO and 7.99% for TiO2. Additionally, the results unveil that for a constant HTL thickness of 80 nm and ETL thickness increment up to 300 nm, the PCE is slightly reduced between 0.12% and 0.99% for all ETLs. We believe that this is the first simulation effort that evaluates the effect of transport layer thickness on the performance of lead-free PSC, hoping that the findings will be useful for the research community, particularly for those working in the field of solar cells fabrication and development.
Evaluation of the effect of metformin treatment on markers of bone formation and resorption in patients newly diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Karagoz Zuhal , Sahin Ibrahim , Kurt Feyzi , Cil Burcu
Published: December 2022

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus can affect bone metabolism by many mechanisms and increase the risk of osteoporosis. It has been reported that glucose-lowering treatments, including metformin also have an effect on bone turnover. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of metformin treatment on bone formation and resorption in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. There were 37 patients in the study population who were newly diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Fasting plasma glucose level and postprandial plasma glucose level as well as plasma Hemoglobin A1C, calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, osteocalcin and C-Telopeptide levels were measured before initiation of metformin treatment. The tests were repeated 3 months after the treatment. The levels of fasting plasma glucose and postprandial plasma glucose decreased after 3 months of metformin treatment as expected and the difference was statistically significant. However there was no significant change incalcium, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone levels. There was also a sig-nificant decrease due to Metformin treatment in osteocalcin levels, which is a bone formation mar-ker. Metformin treatment has decreased C-Telopeptide levels as well which is also a bone formation marker. Our results have shown that 3 months of metformin treatment may suppress the bone turno-ver. Another important finding of our study was the reduction in levels of bone formation markers in female patients. Controlledlong-term studies are needed to be conducted in order to manifest the clinical implications of these findings.
Emergency brain imaging findings in children with first afebril convulsion
Authors: Ozcora Gul , Bektas Gonca
Published: December 2022

Convulsion is the most common neurological disease seen in childhood and constitutes 4-10% of all neurological diseases and 2% of the admissions to child emergency rooms. While the primary purpose of performing emergency neuroimaging in a child presenting with the first afebrile convulsion is to investigate intracranial pathologies that may require urgent intervention. The cranial imaging to be performed for this purpose are transfontanellar ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. We aimed to evaluate the necessity, the contribution to diagnosis, and the effect of treatment of magnetic resonance imaging that was performed in the emergency rooms. Patients who were admitted to the pediatric emergency room for a one-year complaint of their first afebrile convulsion and performed brain magnetic resonance imaging in the pediatric emergency room within the first 24 hours of hospital admission were evaluated retrospectively. A statistically significant correlation was found between the abnormal magnetic resonance imaging and abnormal physical examination of the patients (p<0.001). By the brain magnetic resonance imaging findings acute changes were made in the treatment of 7 cases (1.3%) There was no statistically significant relationship between the magnetic resonance imaging abnormality and emergency seizures. We determined that it would be more appropriate to perform magnetic resonance imaging in outpatient clinics in cases where transportation can be provided early, in cases above 6 years of age without risk factors, and have a normal examination. Nonetheless, higher magnetic resonance imaging rates lead to lower computed tomography rates and ıts beneficial for pediatric patients in limiting radiation and providing definitive structural imaging for seizures.
A case of TSHoma mimicing Graves 'disease and makes GH cosecrete
Authors: Aydin Emi , Evren Bahri , Sahin Ibrahim
Published: December 2022

Thyrotropinomas (TSHoma) are rare pituitary adenomas. TSHomas can synthesize other hormones simultaneously. Co-secretion of TSH and GH is rarely reported in the literature. In these patients, signs of hyperthyroidism and acromegaly can be observed together. Its clinic is heterogeneous and in some cases, symptoms of thyrotoxicosis may mask the acromegaly symptoms. Some TSHoma patients may also be mistakenly diagnosed with Graves and experience a delay in diagnosis. We aimed to present a unique case with a diagnosis of TSHoma, who was referred to our center when Euthyroidism was not achieved and was followed up with a pre-diagnosis of Graves and also had GH co-secretion.
Parents’ awareness of their children’s oral-dental health: Knowledge, attitudes and practices
Authors: Erdede Ozlem , Sari Erdal , Kulcu Nihan , Yamanel Rabia
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to determine parental knowledge and behavior about oral health and dental care. For this purpose, we also examined the relationship between demographic characteristics and the oral-dental health behavior of parents. This study consisted of 269 parents who visited the pediatric outpatient clinic of the hospital between December 2017-January 2019. Data were collected using the researchers' prepared oral health and dental care assessment form. To determine the parents' level of knowledge and behavior regarding oral and dental health, a total of 45 questionnaires were administered with face-to-face interview technique, including demographic characteristics (4 questions), knowledge (19 questions), oral-dental behavior (18 questions), and personal opinion (4 questions). 269 parents (231 females and 38 males) participated in the study. The average age of the parents was 30.6±6.9 years (range: 18-62 years). 118 parents (43.9%) graduated from middle-high school, 109 parents (40.5%) were primary school graduates, 33 parents (12.3%) were university graduates, and five parents were illiterate people (1.9%). The parents did not have enough information about nutrition, fluoride therapy, and dental flossing. There was no statistically significant difference between education level and the number of correct answers (p=0.133). As a result, providing accurate and appropriate knowledge to children by their parents will affect oral-dental health positively. Whether it is a child or adolescent, regular periodic education programs for the protection and development of oral and dental health, as well as the contribution of the school and the family, are essential.
Associations of IL-6 polymorphisms with Behçet’s Disease in Denizli, province of Turkey
Authors: Arikan Sanem
Published: December 2022

Behçet's Disease is a chronic, multisystemic disease and the etiopathogenesis of the disease develop as a result of the interaction of environmental and genetic factors. IL-6 is a proinflammatory cytokine with functions on immune response regulation and chronic inflammation demonstrated by increased serum levels and gene expression studies in Behçet’s disease. We genotyped IL-6; rs1800797, rs1800796 and rs1800795 polymorphisms in 78 patients with Behçet’s disease and 130 healthy controls using PCR-RFLP based approach. No statistically significant difference in allele or genotype frequencies of IL-6, rs1800797 and rs1800796 was found in between groups. We determined that in the BD patients with genital ulcers, arthritis and without vascular involvement was found to have significantly different IL-6, SNP frequencies compared with healthy controls. In addition, the IL-6 rs1800795 GC genotype and C allele may contribute to the development of the disease in female BD. The haplotype distributions of all loci of IL-6 were examined and GGG was found as the highest frequency haplotype in both groups. In conclusion, the results of our study showed that IL-6 rs1800795 may associate with the susceptibility to the BD. Studies should be conducted with more SNPs in large and different populations need to evaluate the contribution of responsible alleles for the disease and its clinical features.
Childhood trauma and dissociation in female patients with fibromyalgia
Authors: Combas Muge , Ozturk Erdinc , Derin Gorkem
Published: December 2022

Fibromyalgia is a functional pain syndrome manifested by psychological symptoms such as dissociative symptoms, which are closely related to childhood trauma. The purpose of this research was to compare female fibromyalgia patients and healthy females and to investigate the prevalence of childhood trauma and dissociative symptoms. The study included 51 patients followed up with the diagnosis of fibromyalgia in the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Outpatient Clinic of Bezmialem Vakıf University, and a control group of 51 healthy females with identical sociodemographic characteristics. All the participants were aged 18-69 years, and free of pain conditions and other vital medical or psychiatric disorders. Evaluations were made using a sociodemographic form, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Childhood Abuse and Neglect Question Form, Dissociative Experiences Scale and Visual Analogue Scale. One of the main findings was that 88.2% of fibromyalgia patients had experienced childhood trauma. The fibromyalgia patients stated a higher prevalence of childhood trauma than the control group (p=.05). With the exception of emotional neglect, the fibromyalgia patients scored higher than the control group in the other four sub-dimensions of Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. The Visual Analogue Scale pain score was found to be associated with overall childhood trauma, all sub-dimensions of childhood trauma and dissociative experiences. Dissociative experiences was the only predictor of pain. Based on the findings of this study, trauma-related dissociative experiences may be of critical importance in the onset of fibromyalgia. These findings emphasize the importance of preventing childhood traumas.