bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Intelligent Obstacle Avoidance Method for Six Degree of Freedom Robotic Arm Based on Assembly Sequence Planning
Authors: Wang Wei
Published: October 2024

Autonomous operation planning of robotic arms under complex task constraints is still a difficult problem in the current research in this direction, and the existing operation planning methods are facing challenges and urgently need to break through the technical bottleneck. This paper proposes an improved RRT algorithm for six-degree-of-freedom robotic arms, which can be used for obstacle avoidance path planning. Based on the assembly sequence planning method, combining the advantages of RRT and RRT-connect algorithm, applying the idea of target sampling to strengthen the convergence of the algorithm to the target point search, introducing the greedy algorithm to improve the efficiency of the algorithm, combining with the five times of the B-spline interpolation on the path of the smoothing optimization, to shorten the planning path time and length. The Robotics Toolbox toolkit in MATLAB is used to count the time, number of samples, and path length required for the planning of RRT and the improved RRT algorithm, and the dynamic planning library is used to configure the algorithm and verify the path planning effect of the improved algorithm. Compared with the traditional RRT algorithm, using the proposed SDPS-RRT Connect algorithm for six-degree-of-freedom robotic arm path planning, the minimum distance of the connecting rod from the obstacle is 51.4948cm, which is greater than the standard safety distance of 45cm, which verifies the feasibility of the algorithm in practical applications.
Research on the application mode of information technology in the course of deepening design of assembled concrete structures using OBE-CDIO as a framework
Authors: Ke Pu , Zhao Lingyi , Liu Bingyue
Published: October 2024

Assembly concrete deepening design, as an important part of the assembly building construction process, is an important direction for cultivating applied undergraduate talents. After studying the OBE-CDIO education model for a brief introduction, based on the course of deepening the design of assembly concrete structures, civil engineering students in an institution are investigated to carry out the degree of course identification, and the recovered data are analyzed for overall description and variability. The important teaching elements of information technology applications are then screened, and the ability of the sample students to match the teaching elements is measured. The OBE-CDIO framework-based teaching model was strengthened and the students’ level of course identity and competency match with teaching elements were assessed again after it was implemented. After the teaching practice was put into place, the overall level of student understanding of the course on improving the design of assembled concrete structures rose by 5.15 percent, and the matching level of skill for teaching elements based on the use of technology rose from 84.81% to 93.60%. The analysis shows that the teaching mode based on OBE-CDIO can promote the student’s ability to apply information technology while deepening their design of assembled concrete structures.
Genetic Algorithm-Based Assessment of the Legal Compliance of Regional Arbitration Pathways in Cross-Border Dispute Resolution
Authors: Wang Leiming
Published: October 2024

This paper uses the IF-IDF and word co-occurrence model to extract and process high-frequency words from the legal compliance text of cross-border dispute arbitration. The LDA theme model then combines with it to extract the theme of legal text compliance, which is then used to construct a cross-border dispute arbitration legal compliance evaluation index system. After that, the genetic algorithm is employed to optimize the BP neural network, construct the GA-BP legal compliance evaluation model, and conduct training simulation. The results show that the word frequency of regional, arbitration, cross-border, fair, consultation, maintenance, reasonable, system, perfect, and conformity is up to more than 3,000 times, which is a high-frequency keyword in the legal text of cross-border dispute arbitration. The output values of the three legal sample cases based on GA-BP are very compliant, compliant, and non-compliant, indicating that the regional arbitration path’s legal compliance in cross-border dispute resolution needs to be improved.
The Construction of Higher Vocational English Classroom Teaching Quality Assessment System under the Background of Intelligent Educational Technology
Authors: Tan Bo
Published: October 2024

This paper introduces the application and development of intelligent education technology. The algorithm of adaptive mutation, which is based on the traditional genetic algorithm, is proposed, and various mutation probabilities are employed during the calculation process at the right time. The genetic algorithm of adaptive mutation is used to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of the BP neural network. Then, the data-based entropy value method is introduced. The a priori guidance samples are obtained through the entropy value method. Then the adaptive mutation genetic algorithm is used to optimize the BP neural network model to learn the knowledge of the a priori samples. The teaching quality evaluation model based on the combination of the three algorithms is established, which completes the improvement of the existing English teaching quality evaluation system for a certain higher-level job. The English classroom teaching quality assessment system in this paper resembles the expert assessment scores. The implementation also prompted teachers to participate in learning seminars to learn advanced teaching concepts. It shows that the assessment results of the teaching quality assessment system proposed in this paper are reliable and can motivate teachers to work towards the goal of improving teaching quality.
Research on the optimization of teaching strategy of virtual reality and augmented reality technology in the training of construction craftsmen personnel training
Authors: Zhao Lingyi , Liu Bingyue , Ke Pu
Published: October 2024

The teaching forms of colleges and universities in the informationization era are diverse, and virtual reality and augmented reality technology appear in the field of teaching technology as a new type of teaching media and have become a hotspot of technology application in education and teaching. The article proposes a teaching strategy for training architectural talent through virtual reality and augmented reality technology. This article adopts the questionnaire survey method and correlation analysis on the architecture students of Zhengzhou University, which is divided into training class and ordinary class, and analyzes the data of three teaching strategy variables, namely, virtual experiment, virtual technology, and virtual training, in the training class, as well as the correlation between each variable. The results show that the overall competence is benign after the students enter the construction competence training, and the correlation coefficients of the training class in two different stages are between 0.6 and 1, and the variables are strongly correlated. Subsequently, a satisfaction survey on the effect of teaching strategies was conducted. The students were more satisfied with the teaching strategies and methods proposed in this paper. The proposed teaching strategies also improved the problem-solving ability of the students, such as the average score of the students in the cultivation class (M=5.346) was higher than the average score of the general class (M=4.264) and also improved the students’ ability to think innovatively in architecture, for example, the fluency of the students’ thinking was improved from stage 0.58 in Stage 1 to 1.23 in Stage 4, a significant improvement.
Network Architecture and Security Assessment in Industry 4.0 for Smart Manufacturing
Authors: Zhang Huashuai , Zheng Wei
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we propose a centralized SDN network architecture under a smart factory for the problems under the traditional industrial IoT architecture and carry out the security analysis of industrial IoT to improve the performance of the smart factory network. Briefly describing the industrial SDN network architecture, combined with the design of a blockchain system for smart factories, the hash algorithm and asymmetric encryption algorithm are introduced to anonymize and protect the data. For traditional SDN, propose a blockchain-based SDN and analyze the probability of state transfer between SDNs. In order to solve the security problem at the SDN control level, the blockchain-based distributed SDN control model is proposed, and the PBFT consensus algorithm is introduced to realize the blockchain consensus-based multi-controller decision-making model. Add the MD5 algorithm and compare its performance with the SHA256 algorithm. Set up Adder modules with different bit widths and CSA Tree modules with different bases to calculate the encryption time of the RSA algorithm for various combinations. Set up simulation experiments to compare different malicious nodes and the average trust value of the consensus mechanism proposed in this paper for abnormal nodes in an SDN multi-controller. From the results, it can be seen that the computational speed of the RSA system is the fastest for the system implemented by Montgomery’s algorithm in base 16 and bit width 32 bits, and the time to complete the encryption process of 1024 bits once is only 0.97 ms. However, when the number of nodes is controlled in [0~5000], the rejection rate of abnormal nodes by the PBFT consensus algorithm in this paper basically maintains at about 92%. The consensus node designed and proposed in this paper is able to reject error nodes effectively and effectively secure the SDN smart factory network architecture.
Research on Sustainable Innovation and Cultural Integration of Textile Apparel Supported by Information Technology
Authors: Zhou Yuanyuan
Published: October 2024

In the field of apparel design, the traditional manual work method can no longer meet the requirements of production and market, and the application of information technology in textile and apparel design has become increasingly important. The article outlines the significance and value of integrating cultural elements in textile apparel design and evaluates the significance and applications of information technology in textile apparel design. From the perspective of cultural genes, the article explores the cultural design factors in textile apparel design and establishes a cultural gene pool for textile apparel design. Based on the DCGAN model, the DCGAN model is improved by optimizing the loss function and residual module to construct the textile clothing style migration model. In order to verify the effectiveness of the above model in the sustainable design of textile apparel, the style migration of textile apparel and visual similarity were verified, and the attributes of sustainable design needs, importance, and satisfaction of textile apparel were evaluated. The IS values of the improved DCGAN model for textile apparel design were 0.428 and 0.439, and the visual similarity scores of the sample and migrated apparel ranged from 6.21 to 7.03. The coefficient of incorporating cultural themes reached a maximum of 75.19%, and the subjects’ satisfaction score with the culture of the textile dresses was the highest at 6.23 points. Relying on information technology can explore the connotations of cultural elements and provide a diversity of textile apparel design development.
Visual Simulation of Composite Material Performance Inspection and Interior Decoration Based on Sensor Image Recognition
Authors: Xu Zhimin , Zou Daitie
Published: October 2024

Wood-plastic composites, as green eco-materials, are widely used in the field of home and building materials, but with a single function. Phase-change heat storage materials can store or release heat through a physical phase transition to achieve energy savings and emission reduction. In this paper, plant fibers are used as the matrix, which is introduced into wood-plastic composites to construct a function/structure-integrated shaped phase change heat storage wood-plastic composites and endow the wood-plastic composites with the function of storing and releasing heat. The performance of wood-plastic composites is examined using image recognition and X-ray imaging. Simulating and analyzing the thermoregulatory and energy-saving functions of phase change wood-plastic composites in the building heating environment was done by establishing a heat transfer model. Finally, the material was visualized and applied to the interior decoration. The results show that the apparent density of the wood-plastic composite material is 1.15 g/cm3, the tensile property is 42.8 MPa, the flexural modulus is 2455 MPa, and its comprehensive physical and mechanical properties are better than those of the solid wood core when the amount of plant fiber added is 40 phr. At the same time, the thermal conductivity of this material is improved by 7.74% compared with the traditional solid wood core, which shows good energy saving and temperature regulation effects and possesses the potential of energy saving when applied in interior decoration.
The Influence of Complex Flow on Axial Force in Rotor-Stator Cavity of Centrifugal Compressor with Radial Ribs
Authors: Luo Yifan , Li Shuming , Zhang Hong , Kong Qingguo , Zhao Qiang
Published: October 2024

Research shows radial ribs can reduce the axial force acting on the centrifugal compressor but do not involve its impact on the flow of the rotational-stationary disk cavity. By establishing a coupling model of the centrifugal compressor and the ribbed rotational-stationary disk cavity, the flow characteristics of the ribbed rotational-stationary disk cavity and the effect of the complex flow in the cavity on the axial force were studied. The ribbed rotational-stationary disk cavity is in line with the basic flow structure and characteristics of the Batchelor flow pattern, as demonstrated by the results. The radial balance equation derived based on this flow pattern is suitable for describing the radial motion of the fluid in the ribbed cavity; the rib can increase the tangential velocity in the rotating core center and elevate the proportion of core center in the cavity while weakening the effect of the boundary layer in the region close the rotational disk, which increases the swirl ratio in the cavity; based on the radial balance equation, the mechanism of radial ribs on reducing the axial force was proposed from the perspective of complex flow. The mechanism is as follows: By increasing the swirl ratio, the ribs cause the radial pressure gradient in the cavity to increase, and the average pressure acting on the rotational disk surface is reduced, which leads to a reduction in axial force.
Optimization of CDA Blade Based on Surrogate Model
Authors: Meng Weishuai , Li Shuming , Zhang Hong , Kong Qingguo , Zhao Qiang
Published: October 2024

In order to shorten the design cycle of compressor blades and improve the performance evaluation and efficiency of compressor blade profiles, a blade database using CFD based on the key parameters of the arc in the CDA blade profile and the inlet conditions of the blade profile is constructed. Based on this database, a model for the total pressure loss coefficient surrogate that can predict variable operating conditions is proposed. By combining the total pressure coefficient surrogate model with genetic algorithms, efficient optimization of CDA blade profiles can be achieved. By comparing the prediction results of the total pressure loss coefficient surrogate model with the CFD results, it was found that the mean square error of the prediction was between 0.03% and 0.04%, with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.97. The optimization results show that using this method for optimization reduces the total pressure loss coefficient of the original blade profile by 15% while significantly reducing optimization time and greatly improving optimization efficiency.
Research on the Application of 3D Animation Technology in the Digital Reproduction and Brand Image Construction of Guibei Ancient Village Cultural Heritage
Authors: Sun Yan , Huang Guoan
Published: October 2024

The inheritance and protection of the historical, cultural and folk art values of ancient villages in development are generally carried out in three aspects, namely, architectural elements, landscape elements and living elements. This paper applies a 3D animation scanner to collect the point cloud data of Guibei ancient villages and completes the pre-processing of the point cloud data by using the algorithm of SAC-IA coarse alignment + ICP fine alignment for the alignment. After that, the Poisson equation is optimized by using Gaussian filtering to realize the point cloud surface reconstruction of Guibei village buildings, and the cultural information texture extracted by the K-Means clustering algorithm is mapped to realize the digital reproduction of the cultural heritage of ancient villages in the Guibei. On this basis, the cultural brand image of Guibei ancient villages is constructed from multiple perspectives by collecting tourists’ cognitive data about them. The accuracy of the established 3D animation model is as low as 88.02% and as high as 97.21%, the total fluctuation of completeness ranges from 84.93% to 96.43%, and the time used for modeling basically stays below 2.9h. It has a high awareness of its natural landscape (26.44%), humanistic landscape (37.33%), folk culture (20.57%), service facilities (9.23%), characters (4.40%), and specialty food (2.03%). The study provides a theoretical and practical foundation for communicating images of ancient villages.
Risk prediction modeling in the context of machine learning for injury prevention in sports
Authors: Zhang Guojie , Zhao Zhipeng , Xie Fei
Published: October 2024

Machine learning plays an increasingly important role in the field of disease risk prediction due to its optimization advantages. This paper proposes deep confidence network optimization based on the early warning model constructed by the neural network and chooses the restricted Boltzmann machine and backpropagation algorithm as the theoretical basis of deep confidence network construction. The deep confidence network is established through the construction and stacking of RBM, and backpropagation is used to fine-tune the network parameters to generate the model. Combined with the incidence rate data of sports injuries of physical education majors and the injury classification of the deep confidence network algorithm, the test data application results verify that the algorithm has a good effect of early warning in case of sports injuries. The survey data showed that the incidence of sports injuries was 228%, and the main risk indicators causing sports injuries were not drinking alcohol (95.31%) and incorrect sports knowledge (92.09%). The model correctly predicted 94.15% (95% CI: 0.9204, 0.9608) with sensitivity and specificity: 0.954 and 0.923, respectively.
Analysis of Influential Factors of Tourism Culture Development under the Orientation of Territorial Tourism
Authors: Fan Xuezhi , Zhang Jie
Published: October 2024

Tourism development is one of the main means of productive cultural protection, and culture is an important factor in the attractiveness of tourist attractions. With the development of the concept of regional tourism, China’s tourism and culture have moved to a new stage. In this paper, we screen the indicators from the perspective of industrial income, the number of institutions, service teams, etc., and use the entropy weight method with relevant data to measure the level of tourism and cultural development and tourism priority. Then, the influence factors of tourism and culture development are discussed by combining the least squares regression model and geographically weighted regression model. Finally, to ensure the reliability of the conclusions, the sample reconstruction method and the supplementary variable method are used to conduct the robustness test and endogeneity test. According to the regression results, the regression coefficients for market demand and government support are positive and pass the 5% significance level test. Government support and market demand are currently the main influencing factors for the development of national tourism and culture.
Research on Public Sector Information Resource Management Innovation in the Age of Digital Economy
Authors: Zhou Chao
Published: October 2024

As strategic resources, public sector information resources are increasingly in demand in the information society in the era of the digital economy, and their configuration and management have gradually become a hot topic of concern for the government and society. To enhance the management efficiency and information-sharing ability of public sector information resources, a public sector information resource management system is established with the support of information technology. A public sector information resource data encryption transmission scheme is created through the combination of cloud platform technology for integrated management of information resources and a key encapsulation mechanism. The public sector information resource sharing scheduling model is designed with the optimization objective of maximizing the utilization of information resources, and the fireworks optimization algorithm is used to optimize its fitness value function to obtain the optimal information resource sharing scheduling strategy. When the encrypted transmission of public sector information resources is carried out, the probability of information leakage is only 1.28%, and the information protection efficiency is up to 7.88%. The throughput of the sharing model for information resources can be up to 533.78MB, and the communication overhead for sharing information resources is less than 20%. The establishment of a public sector information resource management system based on information technology effectively enhances the management efficiency of information resources in the public sector and promotes the efficient sharing of information resources.
Study on the Role of Government Auditing in Promoting Green Accounting and Sustainable Development
Authors: Fei Jie
Published: October 2024

Since the reform and opening up more than forty years ago, China has become the second-largest economy in the world. The rapid economic growth has brought the bitter fruits of an industrialized economy, resulting in serious environmental pollution and over-exploitation of resources, etc. The severe environmental conditions and economic downward pressure have forced the Chinese government and people to pay attention to the sustainable development issue. This paper focuses on the role of government audit in green accounting and sustainable development and proposes two research hypotheses, respectively, that government audit is conducive to enhancing sustainable development and that government audit promotes sustainable development by improving the development of green accounting in enterprises. This paper’s explanatory variables are set by constructing the domain-wide productivity index of the SBM directional distance function. The benchmark regression model and the mediation effect model are both used to test the two hypotheses. The two research hypotheses are verified individually using the empirical analysis method. Combined with the impact of government auditing to promote sustainable development, the role played by the government as a facilitator is analyzed. The correlation coefficient between government auditing and the level of sustainable development is 0.0275, which is significant at the 5% level. And government auditing expenditures can promote the level of sustainable development, which is consistent with hypothesis 1. At the same time, when the intensity of government auditing is less than the threshold value of 2.1525, the impact coefficient of green accounting on sustainable development is −0.0753. When the intensity of government auditing is greater than the threshold value of 2.1525, the impact coefficient is 0.2458, which indicates that when the intensity of government auditing is greater, the regulatory function can play a good role, so the impact of green accounting on the sustainable development of the region plays the incremental dynamic regulatory role, hypothesis 2 is valid.
A Study on the Translation of English Network Terms in the Age of Social Media
Authors: Tang Liang
Published: October 2024

In the era of social media, the Internet has given rise to network language, and English network terms have gradually become popular, which are not only easy to understand but also rich in interest and highly favored by the majority of Internet users. In this paper, after systematically integrating the translation features and translation strategies of English network terms in the social media era, we build a social network terminology database based on NILE automatic recognition technology and propose a machine translation method based on the features of English network terms and migration learning. The translation results show that the model of this paper has the highest average BLEU value of 16.02% for the translation of the target network terminology, and the model of this paper has the least frequency of BLEU value of 0% for each translation, which is 2 times, and it has the best ability of “bottoming out”. In addition, the model can skillfully transform verbs and pronouns and is good at translating special words such as superlatives so as to make the translations closer to the expression habits of the target language and meet the social needs of the English Internet language.
Data analysis and calibration of substation monitoring system based on Internet of Things (IoT)
Authors: Ren Tianyu , Wang Chao , Zhao Tingting , Chen Yiqian , Liu Chao
Published: October 2024

The complex correlation of multi-source information of power equipment and the efficient validation of data information in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT) of electric power need to be studied urgently. The study applies density clustering to simplify the connection between multidimensional data and proposes a method for detecting anomalies in power equipment states based on interval set theory and density clustering. In addition, to ensure the accuracy of protection and measurement data for secondary equipment in substations, a dual verification system is established to sample secondary equipment data in the station area. The results of the related case study show that the anomaly detection method applying interval set clustering analysis can quickly and effectively detect the state anomalies of power equipment, which can be used as a decision-making basis for power grid troubleshooting. Based on the double calibration system of the guaranteed measurement data, it can realize the functions of power metering device error calibration, a secondary load test of the transformer, a voltage drop test of the secondary circuit of the voltage transformer, and so on.
Impact of COVID-19 on Basque Musicians: Identifying Main Associations
Authors: Aranceta Gaizka Insunza , Alavarez-Meaza Izaskun , Llantada Aitor Basañez
Published: October 2024

In a context marked by restrictions due to COVID-19 pandemic, this article analyses the impact of COVID-19 on Basque musicians’ activity, income, future expectations and life satisfaction. A survey was conducted in 2021 among Basque musicians belonging to MUSIKARI association. Associations among selected variables were analysed calculating correlation rates and conducting inference tests using SPSS software (IBM SPSS statistics). We found that despite the severe damage done by COVID-19 on musicians’ activity and income, this damage has been homogeneous among different types of musicians. We also find that future expectations are strongly conditioned by musicians’ characteristics.
Citation and bibliographic coupling between authors in the field of social network analysis
Authors: Maltseva Daria , Batagelj Vladimir
Published: October 2024

Purpose

We analyzed the structure of a community of authors working in the field of social network analysis (SNA) based on citation indicators: direct citation and bibliographic coupling metrics. We observed patterns at the micro, meso, and macro levels of analysis.

Design/methodology/approach

We used bibliometric network analysis, including the “temporal quantities” approach proposed to study temporal networks. Using a two-mode network linking publications with authors and a one-mode network of citations between the works, we constructed and analyzed the networks of citation and bibliographic coupling among authors. We used an iterated saturation data collection approach.

Findings

At the macro-level, we observed the global structural features of citations between authors, showing that 80% of authors have not more than 15 citations from other works. At the meso-level, we extracted the groups of authors citing each other and similar to each other according to their citation patterns. We have seen a division of authors in SNA into groups of social scientists and physicists, as well as into other groups of authors from different disciplines. We found some examples of brokerage between different groups that maintained the common identity of the field. At the micro-level, we extracted authors with extremely high values of received citations, who can be considered as the most prominent authors in the field. We examined the temporal properties of the most popular authors.

Research limitations

The main challenge in this approach is the resolution of the author’s name (synonyms and homonyms). We faced the author disambiguation, or “multiple personalities” (Harzing, 2015) problem. To remain consistent and comparable with our previously published articles, we used the same SNA data collected up to 2018. The analysis and conclusions on the activity, productivity, and visibility of the authors are relative only to the field of SNA.

Practical implications

The proposed approach can be utilized for similar objectives and identifying key structures and characteristics in other disciplines. This may potentially inspire the application of network approaches in other research areas, creating more authors collaborating in the field of SNA.

Originality/value

We identified and applied an innovative approach and methods to study the structure of scientific communities, which allowed us to get the findings going beyond those obtained with other methods. We used a new approach to temporal network analysis, which is an important addition to the analysis as it provides detailed information on different measures for the authors and pairs of authors over time.
Enhancing emerging technology discovery in nanomedicine by integrating innovative sentences using BERT and NLDA
Authors: Wang Yifan , Liu Xiaoping , Zhu Xiang-Li
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Nanomedicine has significant potential to revolutionize biomedicine and healthcare through innovations in diagnostics, therapeutics, and regenerative medicine. This study aims to develop a novel framework that integrates advanced natural language processing, noise-free topic modeling, and multidimensional bibliometrics to systematically identify emerging nanomedicine technology topics from scientific literature.

Design/methodology/approach

The framework involves collecting full-text articles from PubMed Central and nanomedicine-related metrics from the Web of Science for the period 2013–2023. A fine-tuned BERT model is employed to extract key informative sentences. Noiseless Latent Dirichlet Allocation (NLDA) is applied to model interpretable topics from the cleaned corpus. Additionally, we develop and apply metrics for novelty, innovation, growth, impact, and intensity to quantify the emergence of novel technological topics.

Findings

By applying this methodology to nanomedical publications, we identify an increasing emphasis on research aligned with global health priorities, particularly inflammation and biomaterial interactions in disease research. This methodology provides deeper insights through full-text analysis and leading to a more robust discovery of emerging technologies.

Research limitations

One limitation of this study is its reliance on the existing scientific literature, which may introduce publication biases and language constraints. Additionally, manual annotation of the dataset, while thorough, is subject to subjectivity and can be time-consuming. Future research could address these limitations by incorporating more diverse data sources, and automating the annotation process.

Practical implications

The methodology presented can be adapted to explore emerging technologies in other scientific domains. It allows for tailored assessment criteria based on specific contexts and objectives, enabling more precise analysis and decision-making in various fields.

Originality/value

This study offers a comprehensive framework for identifying emerging technologies in nanomedicine, combining theoretical insights and practical applications. Its potential for adaptation across scientific disciplines enhances its value for future research and decision-making in technology discovery.
Description of Panagrolaimus namibiensis n. sp. (Rhabditida: Panagrolaimidae), an Anhydrobiotic Nematode from the Namib Desert of Namibia
Authors: Rawson Christopher J. , Nemmers London , Criswell Stacey , Smythe Ashleigh B. , Burke Alison K. , Marais Eugene , Maggs-Kölling Gillian , Treonis Amy M.
Published: October 2024

Panagrolaimus namibiensis n. sp. was recovered and cultured from soils collected under Arthraerua leubnitziae (pencil-bush) in the Namib Desert of Namibia, one of the driest terrestrial habitats on Earth. It is described here based on morphometrics, scanning electron micrographs, light images, line drawings, and molecular data. The new species is distinguished by having a conspicuous posterior deirid, a hook-shaped stegostomal dorsal tooth, and anterior deirids and excretory pore aligned at mid-bulb. It was morphologically compared to eleven well-described species in the genus with which it shared similar labial structure (six distinct rounded lips, and low lip segments separated in pairs), conoid tail, and/or a lateral field with three incisures, including P. labiatus, P. kolymaensis, P. davidi, P. rigidus, and P. superbus. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses using SSU and LSU rDNA each placed P. namibiensis n. sp. within clades of Panagrolaimus species, although the two trees resolved its relationship to previously described species differently. Furthermore, our analyses showed the genus is not monophyletic. In a laboratory experiment, P. namibiensis n. sp. survived exposure to 0% relative humidity for 24 h, demonstrating the anhydrobiotic ability of this species that contributes to its survival in the Namib Desert.
Depicting the Beginning of the World’s End: Iconography and Development of the “Rolling Up the Sky” Scene in the Ukrainian Icons of “the Last Judgment” of the 15th–17th Centuries
Authors: Lesiv Andriy
Published: October 2024

The article is dedicated to the iconography, development and symbolism of the “Rolling up the Sky” scene – a fragment of the complex multi-scene composition of “The Last Judgment” icons. The study based on selected icons of “The Last Judgment” from the 15th–17th centuries originating from the territory of Halychyna (Galicia) in the West of Ukraine and from the modern territories of Poland and Slovakia. Evolution of the “Rolling up the Sky” motif and traced changes in the compositions of the “Last Judgment” icons from 15th and 16th–17th centuries determine the novelty of the article. The motif’s composition in the icons of the 15th century is characterised by its simplicity and minimalism, on the other hand, since the 16th century, the scene has been actively developed, and new elements appear in it. An important new feature of the “Rolling up the Sky” scene from 16th century is depiction of the zodiac symbols: four Ukrainian icons of “The Last Judgment” dated to the 16th century with depictions of the zodiac symbols are analysed. Evolution of the symbolic image of God the Father, or Ancient of Days from the formal symbolic depiction as shining disc to the image of grey-haired old man is traced.
A Challenge to Local Primitivism in Eastern European Cultures: the African ‘Exotic Heritage’ in Modern Art
Authors: Văetişi Șerban
Published: October 2024

This article deals with the ‘primitivist’ sources of European modern art, with a focus on Eastern European artists, including some who later developed their careers in the West. These artists are regarded as atypical but relevant cases of modernist legacies, yet their contribution is less studied because of their non-Western European backgrounds. Their early artistic careers were influenced by the local folk and naïve style and motifs of their rural homelands, but they later transmuted their ‘primitivist style’, adopting the fashionable exotic, mostly African, motifs of the Western modernist schools when they moved to the West (typically, France), connected themselves with the modernist movement and received recognition. Unlike the perspective usually adopted by art criticism, this article suggests a heritage studies approach: it firstly conceptualises and considers how one type of heritage primitivism is subsumed to another in this complex artistic formation, and then problematises this dissonant legacy of their work. It is argued that in the field of cultural heritage debate, we need to extend the concept of dissonant heritage to discuss the dual concept of local/exotic heritage, while critically reassessing the uses of primitivism in its authenticist vs. assimilationist ideological intentions.
Music-Making and Musical Instruments in the Čiurlionis Family Environment
Authors: Česnulevičienė Aušra
Published: October 2024

This study examines for the first time the relationships with music, family musical traditions, and their importance to all family members – but especially to the composer and painter Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis (1875–1911) – of the two generations of the Čiurlionis family who lived in Druskininkai since the 19th century. Also, for the first time, this study explores the histories of musical instruments belonging to the Čiurlionis. Near Druskininkai, at the church in the village of Kabeliai, an instrument was discovered on which Mikalojus Konstantinas Čiurlionis’ father Konstantinas had played, and archival work was carried out to find supporting evidence. The sources found confirmed the hypothesis held by the author of the article that the church organ in Kabeliai indeed was the instrument used by Konstantinas Čiurlionis, the organist and father of Čiurlionis. It is likely that the future artist and composer Mikalojus Konstantinas also had contact with this instrument. The history of Kabeliai and the discovery of the organ inspired the study of the histories of all musical instruments (both surviving and lost) belonging to the Čiurlionis family and special attention was paid to the exhibits of the M. K. Čiurlionis House-Museum. This article publishes for the first time the authentic memories collected by the author of this work, describing the acquisition histories of the mentioned house-museum exhibits. The result of the research is new facts about music-making in the Čiurlionis household, supplemented, refined, or reconstructed histories of musical instruments used by the Čiurlionis family. Twelve musical instruments were found and described during the study. It was revealed that the Čiurlionis family paid great attention to musical instruments and their quality. Pianos from famous companies in their not very wealthy homes testify that music here was not only educational but also had clear professional ambitions to play classical music and create original (their own) music. The Čiurlionis family was united by the method of learning to play by ear, and the conscious continuation of this family musical tradition is evident in our times at the “Summer of Piano Music in Druskininkai” festival.
The Legacy of Lithuanian Architect Stasys Kudokas in the United States of America: Sacred Architecture Based on Hope and Expectations
Authors: Vitkauskaitė Viktorija
Published: October 2024

Many Lithuanian intellectuals fled from the occupied Lithuania during the Second World War and after it, including the most famous architects who created the architectural language of interwar Kaunas Modernism. After escaping from the war-torn country to the United States of America, they resumed their professional pursuits while living in exile. Stasys Kudokas – one of the most prominent and productive architects in the interwar Lithuania – also pursued his carreer while living in exile. Yet his architectural heritage in the United States of America is still an under-researched topic. The Lithuanian diaspora press remains one of the most comprehensive sources exploring Kudokas’ professional path in the United States of America. By using descriptive and comparative methods, this study aims to examine the most important projects by Kudokas for the Lithuanian diaspora and the related expectations of Lithuanian communities, reflected in the diaspora press. This study will reveal that the reflection of Lithuanianness in the architecture designed for the Lithuanian community was the most important criterion for evaluating Kudokas’ legacy in the exile press.
Unveiling the Interconnections Between Art, Politics, and Society in the Soviet System Through Art: A Case Study of the Exhibition “1972. Breaking Through the Wall”
Authors: Žukienė Rasutė
Published: October 2024

This article is dedicated to analysing the exhibition “1972. Breaking Through the Wall” from several perspectives: the curator, the viewers, and the exhibition architect tasked with creating an environment for the art exhibition in an unconventional setting. The article examines the curators’ choices, discusses the work of the exhibition architect within the context of heritage conservation requirements, and presents the results of a viewer survey.

This exhibition raised the issue of the significance of alternative creativity, opposed to the official narrative, in a non-free society. It focused on Lithuanian art from the 1960s to the 1980s that countered the official Soviet cultural course. The exhibition’s prehistory includes the historical fact that in the spring of 1972, a young man self-immolated in Kaunas in protest against the lack of freedom. These events had direct and indirect reverberations in the arts, although they were not exhibited at the time due to fear of repression. This difficult experience has left its mark on Lithuanian culture and collective memory.

The exhibition highlighted the role of various societal groups in opposing the ruling authorities and establishing personal and creative freedom as the highest value. The art display, composed of works from professionals (fine arts, theatre) and amateurs (rock and big beat musicians) from the 1960s to 1980s who resisted official Soviet art, clearly demonstrated how Kaunas – the capital of Lithuania from 1920 to 1940 – was influenced by the city’s prominent pre-war modernism (environment and lifestyle) and the Soviet ideology imposed on the entire country. The clash of two diametrically opposed ideological stances and artistic principles in Soviet Lithuania led to the emergence of an alternative culture. For the first time in the history of Lithuanian exhibitions, this exhibition showed how the social and the arts were affected by the pressure exerted by the official authorities. The visitor survey showed that the positive reactions to the exhibition were also due to socio-political events that have become embedded in the nation’s memory. The events stored in the collective memory of the nation correlated with specific creative artefacts and historical details, which the younger generation saw for the first time. Noteworthy was the symbiosis of emotional experiences among visitors of different ages, observing exhibits with both artistic and historical value. As indicated by the visitor survey, the exhibition facilitated the establishment of a closer connection between generations. The exhibition’s display in a cultural heritage site – the former post office building (by architect Feliksas Vizbaras, 1932) – was a complex task creatively resolved by contemporary architects.
The Intangible Gaze of Surveillance and Material Marks of Oppression in Valentyn Odnoviun’s Photography
Authors: Pabedinskas Tomas
Published: October 2024

The article analyses the series of photographs “Surveillance” (2016–2018) and “Architecture of Evidence” (2021) by the Ukrainian artist Valentyn Odnoviun who lives and works in Lithuania. The analysis is mainly based on the concepts of surveillance and control developed by French philosophers Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze. With the reference to this theoretical background the article states that Odnoviun exposes the materiality of the gaze of surveillance in various historical periods. This in turn can be interpreted not only as the documentation of the hard evidence of the crimes against humanity, but also as a symbolic resistance against control and oppression.
Equivalent Mechanical Model of a Microchannel Plate
Authors: Zhang Shengdan , Bai Yonglin , Cao Weiwei , Qin Junjun , Gao Jiarui , Chang Le , Liu Beihong , Hu Zexun , Chu Zhujun , Cong Xiaoqing , Dong Yongwei , Wang Zhigang
Published: October 2024

The microchannel plate (MCP) is an electron multiplier with millions of micro through-holes that must withstand strong vibrations and enormous shocks in spaceborne detectors. To ensure the reliability and robustness of the MCP in space applications, we proposed an equivalent mechanical model of the MCP to investigate its mechanical properties, since the direct creation of the finite element model using the finite element method (FEM) is not feasible. Then, we developed a test system to verify the effectiveness of the equivalent mechanical model. The results show that the error of harmonic response analysis and the test result is less than 10 %, which is acceptable. Finally, we conducted parametric studies of the MCPs and obtained the equivalent mechanical model of the MCPs with different geometric parameters. This study will help researchers to optimize the MCP for aerospace-grade detectors.
Mayurakshi River: Water Resources and Environment
Authors: Das Gautam Kumar
Published: October 2024

Mayurakshi River, known as the lifeline of Birbhum district, provides much of the water by supplying irrigation water to this dry district.For the purpose ofwater supply, the Government has constructed reservoirs and irrigation canals with dams and barrages on the Mayurakshi and its tributaries. But since the volume of water carried by the river is not very high, no reservoirs have been constructed to control the floods. Water quality of the Mayurakshi river is good and it wasrecently excluded from the list of polluted rivers in India.
A New Nonlinear One-Dimensional Shape Function applied to Simulate a Steady State Heat Transfer Problem
Authors: Biswas Arup Kumar , Chakravarti Samir , Das Santanu
Published: October 2024

Generally linear shape functions are considered for two noded elements as coefficients of higher order polynomial cannot be determined from two nodes. In the present work, attempts have been made to fit a non-linear trigonometric shape function for one dimensional two noded elements. As in case of nonlinearity, the dependent variable varies nonlinearly with the independent one, consideration of linear shape function may lead to erroneous results. Here, a one dimensional heat transfer problem is solved analytically, with the help of linear shape functions and with the help of newly developed nonlinear shape functions. Analysis shows that results obtained by considering nonlinear shape functions have quite good match with that by linear shape functions.