bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Traditional Communication and Indigenous Knowledge: Cultural Continuity and Change Among the Galo Tribe of Arunachal Pradesh – A Case Study
Authors:   Saint Claret College, Zirdo Geeta , Deori Manoj ,   Tezpur University
Published: January 2025

The communication systems used by Indigenous people are not to be generalized and therefore considered as sacred. The patterns of communication are deeply rooted in the community structures unique to each ethnic group. The observed modes of transmission within these communities include intergenerational and lateral communication. Notably, in recent times, there have been a few changes relating to their modes of communication as a result of globalization, modernisaton, and cultural homogenization which compromise the retention of indigenous knowledge. This paper explores on the modes of traditional communication, including practices of communication and feedback among the Galo community of Arunachal Pradesh that explain the factors of continuity and change in these systems. The paper focuses on i) the sharing of indigenous knowledge and the communication channels utilized in encoding that knowledge within the traditional communication systems of the community ii) modern-day issues and external communication strategies that are engaged by the community that serves the purpose of safeguarding the indigenous knowledge. The primary data for this research study has been obtained through participant observation and focus group and interviews with the community members, priests, and leaders.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND OUTCOMES OF ADULT PATIENTS WITH CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERALES INFECTION IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN KARACHI
Authors: Idrees Muhammad , Salahuddin Naseem
Published: January 2025

Background: The global rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a critical healthcare challenge, threatening effective treatment of infections. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), which include pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, have emerged as significant contributors to morbidity and mortality, particularly in hospitalized patients. These bacteria are resistant to carbapenems, often the last-line antibiotics for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections. This study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics and outcomes of CRE infections in hospitalized patients at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan.
Objective: To identify the clinical characteristics of CRE infections and analyze their relationship with clinical outcomes among adult hospitalized patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at The Indus Hospital, Korangi Campus, Karachi, from September 2023 to May 2024. A total of 92 adult patients admitted with CRE infections were included using a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. CRE isolates were obtained from blood, urine, pus, deep tissue, and lung secretions. Species identification and susceptibility testing were performed using the Vitek-2 compact system. Demographics, comorbidities, and clinical parameters, including Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, were documented. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, with chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests applied to assess significant associations (p<0.05).
Results: Of the 92 patients, 52.2% were male, with a median age of 44.5 years. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (28.3%) and diabetes mellitus (26.1%). The predominant CRE isolates were Escherichia coli (56.5%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (40.2%). Median hospital stay was 10.5 days, with 88.0% of patients admitted through the emergency room. Mortality occurred in 30.4% of cases, with significant associations identified for chronic liver disease (p=0.048), mechanical ventilation (p<0.001), and high SOFA scores (p<0.001).
Conclusion: CRE infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were associated with high mortality despite targeted antimicrobial therapy. Comprehensive AMR strategies, including stewardship and infection control, are essential to mitigate this growing healthcare crisis.
Santos Aníbal Domínici (1869-1954)
Authors: Benítez Gustavo Adolfo , Maria Garces Maria Fatima
Published: January 2025

Santos Aníbal Domínici fue un médico, investigador, escritor y diplomático que nació el 19 de junio de 1869 en Carúpano, estado Sucre, Venezuela. Hijo del abogado Aníbal Domínici y de Elina Otero. Obtuvo el Título de Bachiller en Filosofía de la Colonia Británica (Puerto España, Trinidad) en 1883, y el de Bachiller en Ciencias Médicas en la UCV el 8 de febrero del año 1890, una semana después, presentó y aprobó el examen del doctorado y recibió el título de Doctor en Medicina. Domínici continuó sus estudios en la Universidad de Paris y obtuvo el título de Doctor en Medicina en 1894. En junio regresó a Caracas, se incorporó a la Sociedad Médica–Quirúrgica siendo designado Presidente para el período 1895-1896. Diseñó un programa de reformas que debía comprender y abarcar la reorganización del Hospital Vargas, concursos de oposición e incorporó en el pensum las tres clínicas fundamentales (Pediatría, Medicina y Cirugía). Contribuyó a fundar la Revista Anales de la Universidad Central, a la Academia Nacional de Medicina y a la Gaceta Médica de Caracas. Fundó y dirigió el primer Laboratorio de Bacteriología y Seroterapia, que luego junto a los doctores Nicanor Guardia hijo, Enrique Meier Flégel, Elías Rodríguez y Pablo Acosta Ortiz, crearían el “Instituto Pasteur” el 1° de abril de 1895. Fue el primero en encontrar en Venezuela, en 1894, el parásito del paludismo, hallazgo que público dos años después en la revista El Cojo Ilustrado. En el año 1895, inauguró en el Hospital Vargas, la Cátedra de Clínica Médica y Patológica que regentó hasta 1901. Fue nombrado Rector de la Universidad Central por Cipriano Castro en 1899 y destituido y enviado a prisión en 1901. Se incorporó en la revolución Libertadora desde 1901-1903; al fracasar ese movimiento, se radicó en París, dedicándose al ejercicio de su profesión. Parte importante de la vida de Domínici es reconocida por su actuar en la diplomacia Mundial entre 1910-1922. En 1936 regresó a Venezuela tras la muerte del General Gómez, como Ministro de Sanidad. Embajador en la santa sede de 1938 hasta 1942. En 1941, participó en la fundación del Colegio Médico del Distrito Federal del cual fue presidente. Fue elegido Individuo de Número en la Academia Nacional de Medicina y electo presidente de la Academia de Medicina (1944-1946). En 1944 creó la Sociedad Venezolana de Historia de la Medicina, el cual preside (1944-1952). En 1949 se incorporó a la Academia Venezolana de la Lengua. Concursó a la jefatura de la cátedra clínica médica en 1945 (segunda jefatura). Falleció el 29 de septiembre de 1954 en el Paraíso, Caracas a sus 85 años de edad.
EVALUACIÓN DE FACTORES DE VIRULENCIA Y PERFIL DE SUSCEPTIBILIDAD EN CANDIDA ALBICANS PROVENIENTES DE SECRECIONES VAGINALES
Authors: Moreno Xiomara , Nuñez Génesis , Rosales Oriana , Ferrara Giuseppe Antonio , Panizo María Mercedes
Published: January 2025

Candida albicans es la principal especie del género Candida causante de vulvovaginitis candidiásica (VVC), que no responde al tratamiento con fluconazol. El presente estudio se enfocó en evaluar algunos factores de virulencia en C. albicans provenientes de secreciones vaginales de pacientes con VVC, que acudieron a realizarse estudio microbiológico en el Departamento de Microbiología del Instituto Médico La Floresta. A 19 cepas de C. albicans se les evaluó la capacidad de formar biopelículas (método en laminilla de vidrio, tubo de poliestireno y microplaca de poliestireno con coloración de cristal violeta), producción de exopolisacáridos (rojo Congo), estrés oxidativo (H2O2), estrés osmótico (NaCl a 1,5%, 3% y 6%) y su perfil de susceptibilidad por microdilución en caldo según el documento M27 A-4 del Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, para fluconazol (FL), voriconazol (VO), itraconazol (IT) y anfotericina B (AB). Todas las cepas formaron biopelículas por los tres métodos ensayados y expusieron exopolisacáridos a través de la prueba con rojo Congo. C. albicans presento halos de inhibición frente a H2O2 entre 20 y 84 mm. La supervivencia bajo las 3 concentraciones de salinidad fue: 10 (52,63%) al 1,5%, 2 (10,53%) al 3% y 1 (5,26%) al 6 %. Todas las cepas fueron 100% sensibles a AB, mientras que 17 (89,5%) cepas mostraron resistencia y reacción cruzada entre los azoles. La resistencia a FL como tratamiento de primera línea en VVC por cepas productoras de biopelículas es una realidad ineludible.
POLIMORFISMO PRO12ALA DEL GEN PPARG2 EN PACIENTES CON OBESIDAD MORBIDA
Authors: Gomes Garcia Angela , Rodriguez Daniela jose , Pestana Jose , Benítez Gustavo , Garces María Fatima
Published: January 2025

Existen numerosos genes que regulan diferentes funciones en el organismo y cuya expresión se ve afectada por factores ambientales, determinando el fenotipo del individuo. Entre estos se encuentran el gen PPARG2, que es un factor de transcripción implicado en el mantenimiento de la homeostasis de los lípidos, regulando las vías anabólicas. Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre el polimorfismo Pro12Ala (rs1801282) del gen PPARG2 con la obesidad, resistencia a la insulina y/o dislipidemia en pacientes adultos sometidos a cirugía bariátrica del Hospital Universitario de Caracas. Materiales y Métodos: Se incluyeron 81 individuos con obesidad mórbida, que fueron sometidos a cirugía bariátrica, y 125 individuos normopeso, como grupo control. A todos los individuos se les realizaron mediciones antropométricas y determinaciones bioquímicas. La determinación del polimorfismo Pro12Ala (rs1801282) del gen PPARG2 fue realizada por PCR-RFLP. Resultados y Discusión: En los pacientes, después de la cirugía bariátrica, se observó una disminución estadísticamente significativa de las concentraciones de glucosa, triglicéridos y colesterol. Asimismo, un año después de la cirugía, presentaron una disminución del 43% y 8% de las concentraciones de triglicéridos y colesterol, respectivamente, y un incremento del 23% en las concentraciones de HDL-c. No se observaron asociaciones entre el polimorfismo Pro12Ala del gen PPARG2 con obesidad o pérdida de peso después de un año de la cirugía bariátrica. Conclusión: La cirugía bariátrica tiene una repercusión positiva sobre la hipertrigliceridemia, hipercolesterolemia y el control de la glicemia. El polimorfismo Pro12Ala del gen PPARG2 no está asociado con la obesidad, ni con la pérdida de peso después de la cirugía bariátrica.
PERCEPCION DEL ESTUDIANTE DE LA ASIGNATURA ANATOMIA III, ANATOMIA CLINICA FUNCIONAL. PROGRAMA BASADO EN COMPETENCIAS. ESCUELA DE BIOANÁLISIS. FACULTAD DE MEDICINA. UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE VENEZUELA.
Authors: Vásquez Abiguey , Beaujon Oscar , Ramirez Angie
Published: January 2025

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la percepción del estudiante que cursó la asignatura Anatomía III, en el período Único 2021, en respuesta a la necesidad de ofrecer asignaturas electivas en modo virtual, con un diseño de programa basado en competencias, con un enfoque constructivista de la anatomía clínico funcional. Se realizó una encuesta con 7 preguntas cerradas y 1 abierta referentes a valorar los contenidos conceptuales y procedimentales, la percepción de la utilidad del curso para lograr desarrollar las competencias necesarias para intervenir en el equipo de salud y el autoaprendizaje, valorar el desempeño docente durante el desarrollo del curso y finaliza con una pregunta abierta sobre opiniones y recomendaciones. Se obtuvo respuesta del 77% de los participantes, de las cuales entre el 80 al 100%, fueron respuestas positivas. No hubo respuesta negativa alguna. En conclusión, la totalidad de los estudiantes consideraron de gran utilidad los contenidos y procedimientos propuestos en el programa basado en competencias de la unidad de aprendizaje.
BIOQUÍMICA APLICADA PARA DIAGNÓSTICOS COMUNES
Authors: Rodriguez Jesús
Published: January 2025

Las Ciencias de la Salud buscan establecer conclusiones que expresen el estado de salud -o de alteración- de una persona o comunidad desde varios puntos de vista y así promover su mantenimiento o su restauración. Parte de las investigaciones de las Ciencias presentes en la Medicina y sus Especialidades estudian los componentes moleculares del organismo, lo que luego conduce a explicar su deterioro y las posibles maneras de resolverlo. El conocimiento de la Bioquímica como ciencia básica al inicio de todas las carreras de Ciencias de la Salud es fundamental para entender las razones de la existencia de las diversas porciones del organismo y su funcionamiento (dados por los estudios morfológicos y fisiológicos), para el estudio etiológico de diversas alteraciones (por genética, fisiopatología y otras), para efectuar exámenes generales y especiales paraclínicos (niveles y pruebas, estudios de imágenes funcionales) y luego poder analizarlos de manera lógica y racional hasta llegar a un diagnóstico e incluso más allá: para explicar el porqué de acciones y de interacciones medicamentosas o de interferencias por presencia de otras patologías (estudiadas en Farmacología, Medicina Interna entre otras). De esta manera, contribuye a que los términos: criptogénico, esencial o idiopático, sean cada vez menos usados al irse cerrando la brecha de etiologías no determinadas; y a que sean posibles medidas de prevención que incluyen hechos tan cotidianos como la alimentación, ejercicios físicos, exposición a elementos naturales o las inmunizaciones. Se incluye información epigenética, trisomía 21, trastornos del espectro autista, errores innatos metabólicos, diabetes, hipertensión arterial, cardiopatías, cáncer, infertilidad en el varón, envejecimiento y otras.
PERFIL INMUNOLÓGICO EN INDIVIDUOS ADULTOS VENEZOLANOS CON INFECCIÓN AGUDA POR SARS–CoV-2
Authors: ESTEFANIA GUANIQUE ESTEFANIA GUANIQUE , Freites Luisa , Mayora Soriuska , Martínez Wendy , Belisario Inirida , Crespo Francis , Medina Christian José , De Sanctis Juan Bautista , García Alexis
Published: January 2025

La COVID-19, es una enfermedad producida por el virus SARS- CoV-2, descubierta por primera vez en diciembre de 2019, en la ciudad de Wuhan, China. Durante la infección se produce una alteración en la respuesta del sistema inmune, lo que conduce a un estado de hiperinflamación que en algunos casos puede generar desenlace fatal para el individuo enfermo. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivos la evaluación del perfil inmunológico celular de pacientes venezolanos infectados con el virus SARS-CoV-2, determinando el porcentaje de expresión de los marcadores de Linfocitos T, Linfocitos T reguladores (Treg), Linfocitos T de memoria, Linfocitos B, Linfocitos B de memoria, células NK y NKt, mediante la técnica de citometría de flujo; así como la determinación de la relación de las citoquinas (IL) IL-6, IL-10 y TNF-α mediante la técnica de ELISA. Encontramos una disminución significativa en la expresión de los marcadores de Linfocitos T y Linfocitos T de memoria en individuos, se observó que las células NK y NkT, aumentan su expresión durante la infección. Adicionalmente se comprobó la existencia de una respuesta de tipo reguladora, especialmente en los individuos con la forma leve de la enfermedad al observarse una correlación positiva entre la expresión de los marcadores CD4+/CD25+/ CD127+ de los Linfocitos T reguladores y la concentración sérica de IL-10 y de TNF-α y la IL-6. Nuestro estudio expone la respuesta dual del sistema inmune al enfrentar al SAR-CoV-2, inferimos que la severidad de la infección estar determinada por los elementos predominantes en balanza inflamación/regulación.
CLASSIFICATION OF EEG SPECTROGRAM IMAGES WITH DEEP LEARNING MODELS FOR ALCOHOLISM DETECTION
Authors: Yıldırım Öznur , Söker Yahya , Yıldırım Mehmet Zahid
Published: January 2025

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are time series that play an essential role in un- derstanding the electrical behavior of the brain. The complex structure of the brain makes the in- terpretation of EEG signals difficult. In this study, the classification of EEG signals based on image processing with deep learning is performed differently from traditional methods. Images of EEG signals obtained for the detection of alcoholism were used to classify healthy and alcohol-addicted individuals using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Three models have been implemented in the experiments conducted on the EEG images: Resnet50, Xception, and custom CNN. The findings demonstrate that Xception achieves the best accuracy with 100% classification success.
Analisis Pengaruh Corporate Governance Terhadap Value Creation (Studi Empiris Perusahaan Non Keuangan yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2015-2021)
Authors: Purbo Santoso Wahyu , Sopyan Supan
Published: January 2025

Riset ini dilakukan untuk memahami lebih jauh pengaruh corporate governance terhadap value creation di Indonesia. Kajian ini memakai data sekunder dari seluruh perusahaan non-keuangan publik yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2015-2021, variabel governance di estimasi melalui board size, duality, board diligence, dan board independence sedangkan value creation ditentukan dengan nilai tobins’q perusahaan. Pada kajian ini juga diukur pengaruh size dan return on asset pada tobins’q perusahaan. Hasil penelitian membuktikan board size memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap value creation perusahaan. Sementara duality, board diligence, dan board independence menunjukkan pengaruh yang negatif terhadap value creation. Riset ini juga menunjukkan size dan return on asset sebagai variabel kontrol mempunya pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan pada value creation perusahaan di Indonesia.
ATENDIMENTO EDUCACIONAL ESPECIALIZADO NA PERSPECTIVA DA EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA
Authors: Guerreiro Jaqueline Braulino Neves Gouveia , Silva Mabiane Rodrigues Oliveira da , Sodré Mariza Sueli de Oliveira , Arantes Sheila Ferreira da Silva
Published: January 2025

Discutir inclusão escolar implica reconhecer a necessidade de acesso universal à educação, respeitando as diversidades físicas, intelectuais, sexuais e religiosas dos estudantes. Este estudo, por meio de revisão bibliográfica, examina como o Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE), nas Salas de Recurso Multifuncionais (SRM), junto às legislações vigentes, pode fomentar atividades pedagógicas inclusivas, especialmente com o apoio das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação (TDIC), em casos específicos como o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), Deficiência Intelectual, Visual e Auditiva. O artigo reflete sobre os marcos normativos na evolução da Educação Inclusiva, utilizando uma revisão integrativa em bases de dados de pesquisa. A pesquisa ressalta o papel das TDIC no desenvolvimento cognitivo dos estudantes com deficiência, promovendo a inclusão no ambiente educacional e destacando a importância de professores especializado e em constante atualização.
Hubungan Perilaku Dengan Kejadian Flour Albus ( Keputihan ) Pada Remaja DiSMKN 2 Talawi
Authors: Mahyunidar  , Ustifina Hasanah  , Aryanti
Published: January 2025

Keputihan atau flour albus adalah cairan yang keluar dari vagina yangberwarna putih encer atau kental tidak berupa darah.Salah satu penyebabkeputihan adalah pengaruh estrogen yang meningkat pada saat menarche danada peningkatan produksi kelenjar-kelenjar pada mulut rahim saat ovulasi (Sibagariang.2010 ). Kasus PMS khususnya Khamidia terjadi sekitar 6,2% padaremaja usia 15-24 tahun ( Sri astute Hartitah ). Penyebab keputihan 70% karenajamur dan parasite seperti cacing kremi atau protozoa ( Trichomonas). Jadidefenisi penelitian ini adalah bersifat deskriptif yaitu peneliti Hubungan PrilakuRemaja Dengan Penatalaksanaan Flour Albus (Keputihan) Pada Remaja di SMKN 2 talawi tahun 2021 dengan menggunakan metode kuesioner yang diisiresponden. Kuesioner tersebut merupakan daftar yang berisi pertanyaan yangakan diamati setelah responden memberikan jawaban dengan memberikantanda (X) sesuai dengan pilihan a,b dan c. Analisa Bivariat adalah Analisa yangdilakukan terhadap dua variabel yang diduga berhubungan atau kolerasi yangbiasanya menggunakan uji statistik (Chi Square, Z test, T Ttest) yang mana jikanilai p>0.05 maka ada hubungannya antara variabel independent dan variabeldevendent dan jika nilai p<0.05 maka tidak ada hubungan antara variabelindevendent dan variabel devendent. (Notoadmojo, 2018). Dari hasil uji squeresikap terhadap prilaku dimana nilai P value adalah 0,047 < 0,05. Dan hasil ujisquere tindakan terhadap prilaku nilai P value adalah 0,047 < 0,05. Maka hasildari uji squere adalah Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak, yang mana mamiliki arti bahwaada hubungan prilaku reamaja dengan penatalaksanaan flour albus (Keputihan)di SMK N 2 talawi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu adanya hubungan prilakuremaja dengan penatalaksanaan flour albus (Keputihan) di SMK N 2 talawi.Kata Kunci : Prilaku Remaja, Flour Albus (Keputihan)
GAMBARAN KASUS IBU BERSALIN DENGAN RUPTURE PERINEUM GRADE I DI KLINIK ALISA MEDAN PERIODE MARET-MEI TAHUN 2024
Authors: Asima Lamtiar Hotnauli Pakpahan
Published: January 2025

Kejadian rupture perineum di dunia sebanyak 2,7 juta pada ibu bersalin. Angkaini diperkirakan mencapai 6,3 juta pada tahun 2020. Di Amerika dari 26 juta ibubersalinan, terdapat 40% mengalami rupture perineum (Hilmy, 2017). Rupturperineum merupakan robekan yang terjadi pada perineum saat persalinan(Sarwono, Jakarta 2017) Penelitian ini bersifat deskritif untuk mengetahuigambaran kasus ibu bersalin dengan rupture perineum grade I klinik Alisa Medanperiode Maret-Mei Tahun 2024 dan penelitian ini bersifat deskritif denganmenggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medic. Sampel yang digunakan adalahseluruh populasi dijadikan sampel sebanyak 30 orang.Dari hasil penelitianditemukan bahwa gambaran kasus ibu bersalin dengan rupture perineum gradeI berdasarkan distribusi umur mayoritas terjadi pada umur <20 tahun sebanyak15 orang (50%) dan minoritas berumur >30 tahun sebanyak 5 orang (17%),berdasarkan paritas mayoritas paritas yaitu primipara sebanyak 13 orang (43%)dan minoritas yaitu multipara sebanyak 3 orang (10%), berdasarkan jarakkelahiran anak menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas jarak kelahiran anak yaitu <2tahun sebanyak 17 orang (56%) dan minoritas yaitu >2 tahun sebanyak 13 orang(43%).Berdasarkan penelitian ini diharapkan kepada tenaga kesehatankhususnya Bidan agar dapat memberikan informasi tentang rupture perineumpada ibu bersalin, sehingga dapat mengurangi terjadinya rupture perineum padaibu bersalin.Kata Kunci : Ibu Bersalin,Dengan Rupture Perineum, Grade I
Design of Hypercontent Module of IPAS (MIPAS) on Magnetism, Electricity and Technology for 5th Grade Elementary School Student
Authors: Raihani Sofi Safiqa , Yektyastuti Resti , Effane Anne , Rodriguez Paula Andrea
Published: January 2025

Learning media in general is a tool in the learning process. With the rapid development of the times, learning media has also evolved from conventional learning media to digital learning media. Conventional learning often experiences obstacles such as difficulties in understanding. This design stems from these problems and the lack of availability of learning media/resources in schools. This media design aims to produce learning media, namely hypercontent module teaching materials for science and science subjects with magnetic material. Electricity and technology class V elementary school. In this design, the development model used in media development is the alessi and trolllip model which consists of 3 stages, namely planning, design and development. This digital-based media allows students to get richer learning output than conventional learning media. Students can view photos, learning videos, animations and simulations which can be done online. This Hypercontent Science Module teaching material can help students in the learning process in Class V Elementary School Science subjects, increase students' learning experience and make it easier for teachers during the learning process
RELIGION AS A SPIRITUAL PRACTICE IN THE AGE OF CRISIS: ADAPTATION RESOURCES IN THE WORLDVIEW, COGNITIVE, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Authors: Holovashchenko Serhii
Published: January 2025

The article highlights a number of worldview, cognitive and psychological aspects of religious perception and meaning-making, which can become effective adaptation resources for the formation of conscious, meaningful, and adequate behavior in crisis and extreme situations. Several examples drawn from religious traditions of the world and domestic religious culture are offered for consideration. Among these cases is the understanding of the current Russian-Ukrainian war as another stage of the centuries-old struggle of Ukrainians for their own symbols and sacraments. Correspondingly, the symbolic resource of "sacred time" and "sacred place" is analyzed in view of Christianization as the historical entrypoint into European civilization. The European choice of Ukraine is also connected with the "sacrament of a new lifestyle," which determines our continued civilizational development. The religious worldview, with the Christian idea of the Resurrection taken as a case study, is considered as a factor in the formation of the ability to master the fear of death and overcome victimhood. Religion is also analyzed as a source of powerful explanatory strategies that allow a person to make sense of any chaos, crisis, any disturbance of stability and acquire the ability to act under conditions of complete unpredictability. In particular, the symbolic experience of the Purim holiday is revealed through the archetypal model of behavior under conditions of extreme danger, which consists of making a decision in favor of resistance, struggle, and victory. Finally, the experience of prayer common to many religious traditions is considered through the development of important communicative abilities, whose moral, cognitive, psycho-emotional, and social significance goes far beyond the boundaries of religious practices and rituals.
Thermal conductivity of nanofluids based on hydroxylated Januscarbon nanotubes
Authors: LI Kangrui , WANG Jun , XIA Guodong ,   Beijing Key Laboratory of Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Published: January 2025

The excellent thermal conductivity of the carbon nanotubes leads to the high thermal conductivity of the nanofluids prepared by carbon nanotubes. The addition of functional groups on the surface of the carbon nanotubes canimprove the stability of the water/CNT nanofluids. The excellent diffusion properties of the Janus particles result in the elevated thermal conductivity of the Janus nanofluids. In thiswork, hydroxylated single-walled carbon nanotube(SWCNT-OH) particles, as Janus particles, are constructed and a water/SWCNT-OH-Janus nanofluid model is proposed by introducing SWCNT-OH particles into a base fluid (water). By using equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, the thermal conductivity of nanofluids is calculated. The mechanism of the enhanced thermal conductivity is investigated by analyzing the solid-like liquid layers formed by liquid molecules around particles, Brownian motion of CNT particles, and CNT/water interfacial thermal resistance. It can be concluded that the thermal conductivity of the nanofluids with SWCNT-OH particles can be enhanced compared with that of the nanofluids with normal SWCNT particles. The hydrogen bond between hydroxyl group and water molecules results in the adsorption of water molecules onto the surface of carbon nanotube. This process increases the density of the liquid adsorption layer on the CNT surface, thereby enhancing the effect of the solid-liquid layer. The hydroxyl groups on the CNT surface degrade the solid-liquid interfacial thermal resistance, which promotes the heat transfer within the nanofluids. Moreover, the hydroxyl groups also enhance the interaction between the CNT particles and the water molecules,leading to stronger Brownian motionof particles. The combination of these factors will be responsible for the enhancement thermal conductivity of the water/SWCNT-OH nanofluids.For SWCNT-OH-Janus nanofluids, the thermal conductivity can be further enhanced, owing to the strong Brownian motion of the Janus particles.
A new preprocedural predictive risk model for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis: The SuPER model
Authors: Sugimoto Mitsuru , Takagi Tadayuki , Suzuki Tomohiro , Shimizu Hiroshi , Shibukawa Goro , Nakajima Yuki , Takeda Yutaro , Noguchi Yuki , Kobayashi Reiko , Imamura Hidemichi , Asama Hiroyuki , Konno Naoki , Waragai Yuichi , Akatsuka Hidenobu , Suzuki Rei , Hikichi Takuto , Ohira Hiromasa
Published: January 2025

Background:

Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP) is a severe and deadly adverse event following ERCP. The ideal method for predicting PEP risk before ERCP has yet to be identified. We aimed to establish a simple PEP risk score model (SuPER model: Support for PEP Reduction) that can be applied before ERCP.

Methods:

This multicenter study enrolled 2074 patients who underwent ERCP. Among them, 1037 patients each were randomly assigned to the development and validation cohorts. In the development cohort, the risk score model for predicting PEP was established via logistic regression analysis. In the validation cohort, the performance of the model was assessed.

Results:

In the development cohort, five PEP risk factors that could be identified before ERCP were extracted and assigned weights according to their respective regression coefficients: –2 points for pancreatic calcification, 1 point for female sex, and 2 points for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, a native papilla of Vater, or the pancreatic duct procedures (treated as ‘planned pancreatic duct procedures’ for calculating the score before ERCP). The PEP occurrence rate was 0% among low-risk patients (≤0 points), 5.5% among moderate-risk patients (1–3 points), and 20.2% among high-risk patients (4–7 points). In the validation cohort, the C statistic of the risk score model was 0.71 (95% CI 0.64–0.78), which was considered acceptable. The PEP risk classification (low, moderate, and high) was a significant predictive factor for PEP that was independent of intraprocedural PEP risk factors (precut sphincterotomy and inadvertent pancreatic duct cannulation) (OR 4.2, 95% CI 2.8–6.3; p<0.01).

Conclusions:

The PEP risk score allows an estimation of the risk of PEP prior to ERCP, regardless of whether the patient has undergone pancreatic duct procedures. This simple risk model, consisting of only five items, may aid in predicting and explaining the risk of PEP before ERCP and in preventing PEP by allowing selection of the appropriate expert endoscopist and useful PEP prophylaxes.

Funding:

No external funding was received for this work.
A novel group tour trip recommender model for personalized travel systems
Authors: Alatiyyah Mohammed
Published: January 2025

Planning personalized travel itineraries for groups with diverse preferences is indeed challenging. This article proposes a novel group tour trip recommender model (GTTRM), which uses ant colony optimization (ACO) to optimize group satisfaction while minimizing conflicts between group members. Unlike existing models, the proposed GTTRM allows dynamic subgroup formation during the trip to handle conflicting preferences and provide tailored recommendations. Experimental results show that GTTRM significantly improves satisfaction levels for individual group members, outperforming state-of-the-art models in terms of both subgroup management and optimization efficiency.
Deep cryptic diversity in the Craugastor podiciferus Species Group (Anura: Craugastoridae) of Isthmian Central America revealed by mitochondrial and nuclear data
Authors: Arias Erick , Crawford Andrew J. , Hertz Andreas , Parra Olea Gabriela
Published: January 2025

The Craugastor podiciferus Species Group contains eleven species of terraranan frogs distributed from eastern Honduras to eastern Panama. All species have remarkable color pattern polymorphisms, which may contribute to potential taxonomic problems. We performed exhaustive sampling throughout the geographic distribution of the group to evaluate the phylogenetic relationships and biogeographic history of all named species based on two mitochondrial markers and nuclear ddRAD loci. We also implemented various species delimitation methods to test for the presence of unconfirmed candidate species within the group. Molecular phylogenetic analyses showed that the group contains four major clades. All currently named species are supported by molecular data, yet species richness within the group is clearly underestimated. Species delimitation was discordant between the mitochondrial and nuclear datasets and among analytical methods. Adopting a conservative approach, we propose that the C. podiciferus species group contains at least 12 unconfirmed candidate species. Ancestral area reconstruction showed that the group originated and diversified in the highlands of the Talamancan montane forest ecoregion of Costa Rica and western Panama.
Optimizing soil health through activated acacia biochar under varying irrigation regimes and cultivars for sustainable wheat cultivation
Authors: Komal Lubaba , Jahan Summera , Kamran Atif , Hashem Abeer , Avila-Quezada Graciela Dolores , Abd_Allah Elsayed Fathi
Published: January 2025

Wheat, a staple food crop globally, faces the challenges of limited water resources and sustainable soil management practices. The pivotal elements of the current study include the integration of activated acacia biochar (AAB) in wheat cultivation under varying irrigation regimes (IR). A field trial was conducted in the Botanical Garden, University of the Punjab, Lahore during 2023–2024, designed as a split-split-plot arrangement with RCBD comprising three AAB levels (0T, 5T, and 10T, T = tons per hectare) three wheat cultivars (Dilkash-2020, Akbar-2019, and FSD-08) receiving five IR levels (100%, 80%, 70%, 60%, and 50% field capacity). Biochar amended soil showed improved BET surface area, pore size, and volume. Carbon recovery (45%) and carbon sequestration capacity (49%) of 10T-AAB amended soil were better than non-amended soil (0.43% and 0.13%, respectively). The 10T-AAB amendment significantly improved the soil’s microporosity and water retention capacity, increasing it by 1.1 and 2.2 times, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that a reduction in IR negatively affected plant growth and yield. The 10T-AAB levels significantly increased sugar contents (14%), relative water content (10–28%), membrane stability index (27–55%), and photosynthetic pigments (18–26%) of wheat leaves under deficit irrigation among all the cultivars. Maximum stress markers (catalase, proline, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase) were observed from Akbar under 50% irrigation with 0T-AAB, and the least were observed from 50% irrigated Dilkash-2020 with 10T-AAB amended soil. Among cultivars, Dilkash-2020 was observed to be the best for maximum yield, followed by FSD-08 and Akbar-2019, respectively. When compared to other IR levels, 10T-AAB amended soil had the highest yield enhancement (12, 11, and 9.2 times for Dilkash-2020, FSD-08, and Akbar-2019, respectively). Hence, AAB enhanced wheat production by improving soil properties, drought resilience, and yield attributes.
The role of fMRI in the mind decoding process in adults: a systematic review
Authors: Alotaibi Sahal , Alotaibi Maher Mohammed , Alghamdi Faisal Saleh , Alshehri Mishaal Abdullah , Bamusa Khaled Majed , Almalki Ziyad Faiz , Alamri Sultan , Alghamdi Ahmad Joman , Alhazmi Mohammed , Osman Hamid , Khandaker Mayeen U.
Published: January 2025

Background

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has revolutionized our understanding of brain activity by non-invasively detecting changes in blood oxygen levels. This review explores how fMRI is used to study mind-reading processes in adults.

Methodology

A systematic search was conducted across Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Studies were selected based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria: peer-reviewed; published between 2000 and 2024 (in English); focused on adults; investigated mind-reading (mental state decoding, brain-computer interfaces) or related processes; and employed various mind-reading techniques (pattern classification, multivariate analysis, decoding algorithms).

Results

This review highlights the critical role of fMRI in uncovering the neural mechanisms of mind-reading. Key brain regions involved include the superior temporal sulcus (STS), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and temporoparietal junction (TPJ), all crucial for mentalizing (understanding others’ mental states).

Conclusions

This review emphasizes the importance of fMRI in advancing our knowledge of how the brain interprets and processes mental states. It offers valuable insights into the current state of mind-reading research in adults and paves the way for future exploration in this field.
Mutational Analysis of KCNQ1 Gene in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-control Study
Authors: Ganjewar Ankush , Bagoji Ishwar B , Badiger Sharan , Bulagouda Rudragouda B , Kadakol Gurushnatappa
Published: January 2025

Introduction: KCNQ1 (Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 1) gene encodes for pore-forming subunit of a voltage-gated K+ channel that is essential for the depolarisation phase of the action potential in cardiac muscle. KCNQ1 is also associated with impaired insulin secretion in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), suggesting that this impairment might underlie the diabetes susceptibility conferred by rs151290, which is associated with 30-min C-peptide levels during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) and first-phase insulin secretion. Variants rs2237892, rs2237895 and rs2237897 have been associated with OGTT-derived insulin secretion indexes. The risk associated with KCNQ1 may increase the expression of KCNQ1 in pancreatic β cells, promoting the development of T2DM.

Aim: To know the association of KCNQ1 gene common variant rs2237895 risk factor for T2DM.

Materials and Methods: The present case-control study was conducted at the Department of General Medicine and Genetics Laboratory of the Anatomy Department at BLDE (Deemed to be University) Shri BM Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre in Vijayapura, Karnataka, India. The duration of present study was from March 2023 to December 2023. A total of 30 peripheral blood samples were collected from the T2DM and 30 samples of healthy controls, and then subjected to genetic analysis. Amplification of DNA products were analysed using Sanger-based DNA sequencing.

Results: Sequencing analysis revealed g.6956 C>T and c.C1956T mutations in seven patients. Out of these, three were in homozygous condition and four were in heterozygous condition. All these mutations were observed in 3’ untranslated region and exhibited a benign phenotype.

Conclusion: KCNQ1 gene is not associated with Type 2 DM. To establish a definitive association between the KCNQ1 gene and T2DM, further screening in larger population is necessary.
A Case Series on Rhizopus homothallicus: An Emerging Zygomycete causing Mucormycosis
Authors: Kavitha K , Meenakshi S , Shanthi B
Published: January 2025

Mucormycosis is an acute opportunistic infection caused by various fungi belonging to the family Mucorales. The most common species causing this infection in humans are Rhizopus (R) species (spp.,) with R. oryzae and R. microsporus being the most prevalent. The authors here report a case series of infections caused by a very rare emerging zygomycete, Rhizopus homothallicus, in a tertiary care Institution in Southern India. The first case involved a 26-year-old male who developed cutaneous mucormycosis following trauma and surgery, with no underlying co-morbidities. The second case was a 40-year-old male, a diabetic, who had recovered from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and subsequently developed COVID-19-associated rhino-orbital mucormycosis. The third case was a 36-year-old male with a known history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus who developed pulmonary mucormycosis. In all three cases, the authors isolated a very rare zygomycete that was identified as Rhizopus homothallicus. The first patient was successfully discharged, while the second and third patients succumbed to the infection on days 12 and 8, respectively. There has been an increased incidence of mucormycosis in all forms post-COVID-19, and fungi that were previously considered rare, such as R. homothallicus, are now being encountered more frequently. Microbiologists and clinicians must maintain vigilance for these cases to ensure appropriate and prompt diagnosis and treatment, as current evidence suggests that the mortality rate associated with R. homothallicus is lower compared to other Mucorales when diagnosed and treated early. The present case series was aimed to highlight the importance of identifying fungi to the species level in all situations and to emphasise that, with a larger population living with immunosuppression and the emergence of new pandemics like COVID-19 compared to previous years, there is a heightened risk of infections from lesser-known pathogenic fungi such as R. homothallicus.
Evaluation of Ischaemia-modified Albumin by Cobalt Chloride Binding Assay in Coronary Artery Disease: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Gupta Soma , Halder Swapan Kumar , Gupta Siddhartha , Ghosh Anjan Kumar
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Ischaemia-modified Albumin (IMA) is an altered form of human serum albumin in which its N-terminal amino acids are modified due to ischaemia. IMA is produced when serum albumin is modified while circulating through ischaemic cardiac tissue, thereby reducing its binding capacity to heavy metal ions such as cobalt or nickel. This ability of albumin to bind to cobalt is diminished in patients with myocardial ischaemia, providing the basis for the albumin cobalt binding test for detecting IMA.

Aim: To determine the level of IMA in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) after standardising the parameter using the cobalt chloride binding method.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from June 2018 to December 2019 at a tertiary care centre in the Department of Biochemistry and the Cardiology Department, NRS Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. A total of 100 CAD patients were included in the study, along with 100 age- and gender-matched healthy individuals (controls). IMA levels were measured in all study subjects by adding a known amount of cobalt (II) to serum samples and the unbound cobalt (II) was measured by the intensity of the coloured complex formed by adding mercaptoethanol, using a colorimeter at 470 nm. The difference in mean values between cases and controls was determined using the Student’s t-test. The precision of the assay was expressed as CV% {Standard Deviation (SD)/mean 100%}. To determine the cut-off value for serum IMA, an Receiver-operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) was plotted.

Results: Among the 100 CAD patients, 49 were male and 51 were female. The mean age of the case group was 60.90±11.02 years, with a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 27.6±4.32 (kg/m2). The mean serum IMA level in cases was found to be significantly elevated in comparison to controls (89.77±10.73 and 49.35±10.68 u/ mL, respectively). The standard curve was found to be linear up to 120 U/mL. The precision of the assay was expressed as Coefficient of Variation (CV %) (within run 4.23%, between runs 4.61%). The cut-off value for Serum IMA level was determined to be 74.23 u/mL. The diagnostic value of this cut-off level was calculated using standard formulas, which yielded diagnostic accuracy (87.00%), sensitivity (80.00%), specificity (94.00%), positive predictive value (93.02%) and negative predictive value (82.46%).

Conclusion: The IMA can be used as an important biomarker to detect ischaemia in patients with CAD.
Application of International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology and Risk of Malignancy Assessment in Serous Effusion: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Ali Manal Ashraf , Siddique Swalaha Sadaf , Akhtar Naish , Durrani Naila , Kumar Neetu
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Serous fluid cytology is a safe, effective and minimally invasive procedure helping in the early diagnosis and prognosis of malignant effusions. However, due to the lack of a uniform reporting system and the morphological overlap between certain reactive and malignant conditions, there are limitations. The International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology (ISRSFC) divides the serous effusions into five categories to assist in diagnosing and managing cases of serous effusion according to the Risk of Malignancy (ROM) in different categories.

Aim: To reclassify serous fluids according to the ISRSFC and evaluate the ROM in each category.

Materials and Methods: The present retrospective cross- sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Chirayu Medical College and Hospital, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, from January 2023 to December 2023. In the present study, serous effusion cases were cytologically evaluated and categorised according to the ISRSFC, and the ROM for each category was calculated. A total of 570 cases of serous fluids were evaluated cytologically and classified according to the ISRSFC. The ROM in different categories was calculated. Data was presented as number and percentage.

Results: The age of the patients ranged from 12-81 years, with a mean age of 43 years. The volume of the samples ranged from 1-1000 mL. The ROM in different categories for pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial fluid, respectively, was as follows: Category I {Non Diagnostic (ND)} constituted 1/15 (6.6%) and 1/19 (5.2%); Category II {Negative for Malignancy (NFM)} showed 3/186 (1.6%), 4/220 (1.8%), and 0/3 (0%); Category III {Atypia of Undetermined Significance (AUS)} comprised 1/4 (25%) and 0/3 (0%); Category IV {Suspicious for Malignancy (SFM)} showed 81.8% (9/11) and 75% (6/8); and in Category V {Malignant Lesions (MAL)}, the ROM was 100% (20/20, 22/22, 2/2) for all.

Conclusion: The ISRSFC is a standardised and effective system for serous fluid cytology. It provides consistent reporting terminology and better communication with clinicians and thus improving patient care. In the present study, the authors assessed the efficacy of this novel classification both as a means of communication between clinicians and pathologists and as a guideline for patient management.
In vitro Screening of Botanicals, Bio-Agents and Fungicides against Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, Causing Brinjal Blight Disease
Authors: U.R Phondekar, , J.J Kadam, , P.D Patil, , R.A Raut, , S.V Babhare, , S.S Bobade,
Published: January 2025

Blight disease of brinjal caused by Alternariaalternatais one of the most destructive disease of brinjal which causes both qualitative and quantitative crop losses. In the present investigation, all plant extracts evaluated at 10% concentration exhibited antifungal activity against A. alternata. Soapnut rind extract was found the most effective which recorded leastcolony growth of 18.66 mm and the highest inhibition of 79.26%. Wild brinjal leaf extract was next best treatment with 31.33 mm growth and 65.18% inhibition. Among the eight bio-agents tested, Trichodermakoningii and T. longibrachiatumshowed complete inhibition of mycelial growthof A. alternata. T. harzianum showed significant effectiveness, with the lowest colony growth of 20.33 mm and 77.41% inhibition. Among the fungicides, Tebuconazole 25.9% EC, Hexaconazole 5% EC, Propiconazole 25% EC, Hexaconazole 4% + Zineb 68% (72% WP), Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% (75% WP) and Carboxin 37.5% + Thiram 37.5% (75% WS) each @ 0.1% concentration were found most significantly effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of A. alternata with 100 per cent inhibition over control.