bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effects of training female students in emotion regulation techniques on their social problem-solving skills and social anxiety: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Akbari Ashraf , Torabizadeh Camellia , Nick Narjes , Setoodeh Giti , Ghaemmaghami Parvin
Published: January 2025

Background

Social anxiety is one of the most prevalent anxiety-related disorders among adolescents with many adverse effects on the social and academic lives of this population. In addition, poor social problem-solving skills can aggravate anxiety in individuals suffering from anxiety. Emotion regulation can help adolescents control and moderate their feelings, thereby enabling them to understand their emotions better, cope with their negative emotions in a positive way, and adopt a more realistic approach to solving their problems. The objective of the present study is to investigate the effects of educating female students in emotion regulation techniques on their social problem-solving skills and social anxiety.

Method

This study was a randomized controlled trial conducted in Iran, utilizing a pretest-posttest design with control and intervention groups. The subjects were 47 female high-school second graders who were randomly divided into a control (25 students) and an intervention group (22 students). The intervention group was collectively educated in emotion regulation techniques in weekly one-hour sessions for eight weeks. The control group did not receive any intervention. The social anxiety and social problem-solving scales were completed by both groups before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS v. 22 and level of significance was set at p < 0.05.

Result

Data analysis of the intervention group compared to the control group demonstrated that group training in emotional regulation techniques effectively increased social problem-solving skills scores (p = 0.003) and decreased social anxiety scores (p < 0.0001) among students in the intervention group compared to their pretest scores. These effects remained stable during the follow-up phase.

Conclusion

In view of the prevalence of social anxiety among adolescents, it is suggested that the policymakers and administrators in the education system promote emotion regulation skills in adolescent students to facilitate their psychological adaptation and improve their emotional capabilities.

Trial registration

The present study was registered under the code IRCT20220413054521N1 (Registration date: 27/02/2024) in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials.
De novo biosynthesis of quercetin in Yarrowia Lipolytica through systematic metabolic engineering for enhanced yield
Authors: Dong Yuxing , Wei Wenping , Li Mengfan , Qian Tao , Xu Jiayun , Chu Xiaohe , Ye Bang-Ce
Published: January 2025

Kaempferol and quercetin possess various biological activities, making them valuable in food and medicine. However, their production via traditional methods is often inefficient. This study aims to address this gap by engineering the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to achieve high yields of these flavonoids. We designed a kaempferol biosynthetic pathway by integrating multiple-copy fusion enzyme expression modules, F3H-(GGGGS)2-FLS, into the genome with an optimized linker (GGGGS)2 to enhance kaempferol production from naringenin. To synthesize quercetin de novo, we introduced the FMOCPR gene into the kaempferol-synthesizing strain using the optimized pFBAin promoter. Notably, increasing glucose concentration effectively boosted the production of both flavonoids. Our results demonstrated kaempferol and quercetin titers reaching 194.30 ± 7.69 and 278.92 ± 11.58 mg/L, respectively, in shake-flask cultures. These findings suggest that Y. lipolytica is a promising platform for the efficient production of flavonoid-derived products.
Bullying in the healthcare workplace: a cross-sectional study among Nigerian physiotherapists
Authors: Onwuakagba Ifeoma Uchenna , Uchendu Ebubechukwu Ogochukwu , Obiekwe Sochima Johnmark , Kanu Favour Chidera , Amaechi Ifeoma Adaigwe , Okafor Anita Chinwendu , Akosile Christopher Olusanjo , Okoye Emmanuel Chiebuka
Published: January 2025

Background

Workplace bullying (WPB) can impact the overall well-being of healthcare professionals as well as the care provided to patients. There are no available studies on the prevalence of WPB among physiotherapists, especially in Nigeria.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of WPB and its associated factors among clinical physiotherapists in Nigeria.

Method

This cross-sectional study was conducted among 372 Nigerian clinical physiotherapists conveniently recruited at various hospitals. Data was obtained using an adapted self-administered questionnaire and the Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised (NAQ-R).

Results

The prevalence of bullying was 42.1%, with participants reporting repeated experiences within the previous 6 months. A high proportion of participants (83.1%) witnessed someone else being bullied at their workplace. The majority of the bullying incidents involved superiors targeting subordinates (83.7%). Participants reported that the most prevalent forms of bullying were verbal aggression (64.4%), followed by intimidating acts (59.4%), insulting remarks, gossip (58.3%), mind games (29.8%), and neglect of opinions (37.6%). No significant associations were found with gender (p = 0.632), religion (p = 0.151), marital status (p = 0.085), ethnicity (p = 0.896), educational attainment (p = 0.150), or rank (p = 0.091). However, significant associations were identified between WPB and years of practice (p = 0.041), and organization of employment (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The observed prevalence of WPB among Nigerian clinical physiotherapists is of great concern. Targeted interventions and policy developments are highly recommended to create a safer work environment.
Leveraging overfitting for good - Two-Step Deep Image Prior Model For Seismic Denoising
Authors: Oboué Yapo Abolé Serge Innocent , Chen Yunfeng , Guo Zhihui , Chen Yangkang
Published: January 2025

Accurate separation of signal and noise constitutes a fundamental prerequisite for achieving high-resolution seismic imaging. A notable recent advancement in this domain is the Deep Image Prior (DIP), an unsupervised deep learning method leveraging deep neural networks (DNNs). The success of this approach lies in the adoption of autoencoders that enables the adaptive extraction of high-fidelity data features. However, establishing an optimal balance between noise suppression and signal preservation remains a non-trivial challenge for DIP-based seismic denoising methods, which is affected by the potential issue of overfitting. This arises from the inappropriate selection of a network architecture and the corresponding hyperparameters, especially the number of training epochs, which strongly influence the learning capacity and feature extraction capabilities of the model. In response to this challenge, we introduce Two-Step DIP (TSDIP), a novel denoising method that exploits overfitting to enhance seismic data quality. In the initial stage, the proposed DNNs are intentionally trained to overfit by effectively attenuating high-frequency noise from the input data. Subsequently, the proposed DNNs are employed iteratively to suppress any residual noise in the newly processed data without damaging useful signal. The overfitting in the first step helps precondition the data to be at a lower noise level while preserving as much as fine-scale features in the signal. To employ an optimal balance, we carefully determine an ideal number of epochs, which is consistently applied in both denoising steps. To assess the effectiveness of the TSDIP method, we present the test results derived from 3D synthetic and field seismic datasets. Our analysis indicates that TSDIP effectively reduces strong noise while preserving key seismic details through the use of overfitting.
Weighted multichannel singular spectrum analysis for diffraction amplitude preservation
Authors: Liu Yulin , Lin Peng , Peng Suping , Cui Xiaoqin
Published: January 2025

Diffractions generated by the wavefield response of small-scale discontinuous geological bodies carry a wealth of information regarding complex geological structures, which can be used for high-resolution imaging. However, the weak amplitudes of diffractions make them vulnerable to strong reflections. Thus, separating diffractions from strong reflections is crucial in the high-resolution imaging of underground structures. The low-rank (LR) characteristics of seismic wavefields enable LR methods to be used for diffraction extraction. However, traditional low-rank algorithms tend to disrupt the dynamic characteristics of diffraction during the separation process, which is detrimental to the subsequent high-precision imaging of diffractions. To address these shortcomings of traditional methods, we propose a weighted multichannel singular spectrum analysis (MSSA) algorithm designed to preserve the dynamic characteristics of diffractions. This algorithm fully considers the distribution characteristics of diffractions and reflections energies within the singular spectrum and redefines the singular values using a weighted approach, ultimately achieving amplitude-preserving separation of diffracted waves. Through a combined qualitative and quantitative analysis of synthetic and field examples, we demonstrate the effectiveness of this method in separating diffractions and suppressing reflections with robustness and high stability. Compared with the traditional MSSA method, the proposed approach can provide better high-precision imaging results for small-scale geological structures.
God and Revolution in Iran
Authors: Doostdar Alireza
Published: January 2025

This article examines the power of God in postrevolutionary Iran through an exploration of divine ambiguity in relation to political experience. Over the past four decades, the Iranian political-theological landscape has gone through dramatic transformations in imagining God's interventions in the space of human history. For Ayatollah Khomeini and his revolutionary followers, the Islamic Republic began as a miracle and matured with divine assistance for the duration of the war with Iraq. In 2022, God returned as an uncertain ally for revolutionaries in the Woman, Life, Freedom uprising. In the intervening years, anxieties about divine punishment have jostled with heretical, humor-filled rage at God's injustice for the suffering of the Iranian people. This article explores these moments as windows onto political hope and despair, where the present, past, and future are imagined through a relationship, by turns devout and irreverent, with Islam's supreme being.
Dispossessing Property
Authors: Eldridge Aaron Frederick
Published: January 2025

This article examines ethnographically the efforts of a group of women to form a new Orthodox monastic collective amid the collapse of Lebanon's sectarian neoliberal economy and the perpetual threat of war with a particular focus on the way property as a concept necessarily misrecognizes their struggle. The article engages with the specific history of the waqf, known today as a “religious” endowment, in the Levant and its novel configuration in the conjuncture of primitive accumulation. It argues that making waqf lands into property occasions a spontaneous idealization of these relations as sectarianism, the belated juridical force of which instigates a temporal and spatial cleavage, an interior exteriority, marked by a temporal “prior” that is also a spatial margin (the “domestic” space of women and religion). The mode of monastic action, dispossession, teaches that the accumulation of capital, sectarianization, is not the auto-generation that property conceptually proffers. In the falling away of property's effect as an “always already,” monastic struggle marks an activity of collective reorientation occasioned by dispossession.
Waste of Time is Worse Than Death
Authors: Berg Hanna
Published: January 2025

This article examines how experiences of time and waiting are shaped by theological imaginations among Syrian Sunni Muslims living as asylum seekers in Jordan. While anthropological studies on time and waiting in contexts of displacement most often place human agency at the center of analysis, attending to people's understandings of waste of time (daya‘ al-waqt) in relation to divine power allows for moving beyond secular, materialistic understandings of time. Placing God at the center of analysis, the article explores how temporal inequalities created in and through the humanitarian protracted context in Jordan are conceptualized along notions of life and death, and it explores the role of God in such conceptualizations. This article takes an ethnographic approach to address the relationship between human sa‘y (strive) and divine granting of faraj (ease) to explore how God's agency materializes into something tangible when addressed through human mobilization. Suggesting that sa‘y is not only a virtue on its own, but a fundamental part of sabr, the article adds to theological understandings of the virtue of endurance as opposed to emotional surge and unrest, and it provides an analytical space to rethink waiting in contexts of displacement beyond bare “migranthood.”
Introduction
Authors: Goodgame Clayton
Published: January 2025

This introduction outlines the special section's intervention in the study of religion, property, and political economy, suggesting that the emerging literature on Middle Eastern Christianities can provide a clearer view of how economic relations are influenced by religious ones and vice versa. Engaging with scholarship on property relations on the one hand (within and beyond the Middle East) and Christianity on the other, the introduction proposes an approach to church property that holds the economic and religious aspects of property in productive tension. It attempts this both empirically, employing sources that elicit religious experience as well as larger social forces, and theoretically, challenging canned distinctions between sacred space and profane property in favor of a view that includes human and nonhuman relations.
Current status and educational needs of early clinical exposure in Korean Medical Schools: A cross-sectional survey study
Authors: Kim Songrim , Kyung Sun Young , Park Kwi Hwa , Yune So Jung
Published: January 2025

Objective: To examine the status of early clinical exposure (ECE) programs in Korean medical schools and to determine the educational needs for ECE in undergraduate medical education.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 30 medical education experts and 65 professors from 30 medical schools across Korea were surveyed about the status of ECE programs in medical schools and the educational needs for ECE. This survey was conducted between January and March 2024 using Google Forms, and the collected data were analyzed using frequency analysis.
Results: Out of the 30 participating medical schools, 70% had implemented ECE programs. In most schools, ECE programs were required courses and offered from the first year of pre-medical phase to the second year of medical phase. Among 95 respondents, 88.4% recognized the necessity of ECE programs. Most respondents considered “understanding the role of a doctor” an essential objective (70 out of 95, 73.7%) and outcome (73 out of 95, 76.8%) of ECE programs. Most respondents considered “observation/field trips” and “reflection journal” as essential teaching methods (69 out of 95, 72.6%) and assessment methods (68 out of 95, 71.6%) in ECE programs, respectively. Furthermore, most respondents (68 out of 95, 71.6%) considered the “lack of educational support personnel” a concern in implementing ECE programs in medical schools.
Conclusions: This study sheds light on the status of ECE programs in Korean medical schools. Additionally, its results regarding the educational needs for ECE have implications for the future implementation of ECE programs in Korean medical schools.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.10717
How to cite this: Kim S, Kyung SY, Park KH, Yune SJ. Current status and educational needs of early clinical exposure in Korean Medical Schools: A cross-sectional survey study. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(2):349-354. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.10717
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Comparison of the efficacy of subxiphoid and intercostal uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Fu Zhiqiang , Wang Liguo , Hu Weigao , Zhou Yi , Zhou Qi
Published: January 2025

Objective: To compare the efficacy of subxiphoid and intercostal uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with early-stage NSCLC who underwent subxiphoid uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery (SA-VATS) or intercostal uniportal VATS (IA-VATS) at Shidong Hospital in Shanghai from November 2020 to May 2023. Perioperative conditions including surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative catheterization duration, time to first off-bed activities, and number of lymph node dissected were compared between the groups. Degree of pain, preoperative and postoperative lung function, prognosis, and incidence of complications were also compared between the groups.
Results: Records of a total of 128 patients were included. Of them, 72 patients underwent SA-VATS and 56 patients underwent IA-VATS. The duration of SA-VATS was longer, while the intraoperative blood loss and catheterization times were lower compared to those of IA-VATS (P<0.05). Visual analogue scale (VAS) score of patients after SA-VATS was significantly lower than after IA-VATS (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) between the two groups before the surgery, and one- and 12 months after the surgery (P>0.05). The prognosis and the incidence of complications were comparable in the two groups after the surgery (P>0.05).
Conclusions: Compared with IA-VATS, SA-VATS is associated with lower intraoperative blood loss, shorter postoperative catheterization and time to first off-bed activities, and less postoperative pain in surgical treatment for early-stage NSCLC. However, there was no significant difference in prognosis and complications between the two approaches.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.11096
How to cite this: Fu Z, Wang L, Hu W, Zhou Y, Zhou Q. Comparison of the efficacy of subxiphoid and intercostal uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(2):359-365.   doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.11096
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Predictive Value of Transabdominal Ultrasonography in Detecting Extrahepatic Bile Duct Obstructive Lesions Compared with Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Binnuhaid Abdulkhaleq Ayedh , Alshoabi Sultan Abdulwadoud , Alhazmi Fahad H. , Gareeballah Awadia , Alrehily Faisal A. , Qurashi Abdulaziz A.
Published: January 2025

Background & Objective: Transabdominal ultrasonography (TAUS) remains the initial imaging modality in diagnosis of bile duct obstructive lesions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive value of TAUS in detecting bile duct obstructive lesions in comparison with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) as the standard method.
Methods: This retrospective descriptive study analyzed the electronic records of the patients diagnosed with obstructive jaundice from April 2017 to November 2022 at Alsafwa Consultative Medical Center in Almukalla City, Hadhramout, Yemen. All patients involved were diagnosed by TAUS and the diagnosis was confirmed by ERCP. A comparison of the diagnoses was performed.
Results: TAUS and ERCP demonstrated high compatibility in bile duct obstructive lesions, with substantial agreement in detecting cholangiocarcinoma, bile duct stricture, stones, pancreatic cancer, and ampulla of Vater mass (compatibility ranging from 71.4% to 100%, Cohen’s Kappa = 0.748, p < 0.001). Pearson correlation indicated strong agreement between the two methods (r=0.856). TAUS showed high sensitivity, and positive predictive value (PPV), particularly for bile duct stones (99.4% sensitivity, 86.7% PPV), and pancreatic carcinoma (94.3% sensitivity, 82.5% PPV), with significant effectiveness in identifying other conditions like bile duct stricture (42.6% sensitivity, 88.5% PPV) and cholangiocarcinoma (70.6% sensitivity, 100% PPV). (p<0.001). Overall, TAUS and ERCP displayed excellent compatibility across various diagnoses, with near-perfect agreement in determining the causes in the ampulla of Vater and bile duct (Kappa= 0.899, p<0.001)
Conclusion: TAUS is a reliable and highly valuable imaging modality for detecting and determining the cause and level of bile duct obstruction in patients with obstructive jaundice which offers a non-invasive approach, radiation free, with minimal risk of serious complications.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.9613
How to cite this: Binnuhaid AA, Alshoabi SA, Alhazmi FH, Gareeballah A, Alrehily FA, Qurashi AA. Predictive Value of Transabdominal Ultrasonography in Detecting Extrahepatic Bile Duct Obstructive Lesions Compared with Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography. Pak J Med Sci. 2025;41(2):384-392. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.41.2.9613
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
JointTracker: Real-time inertial kinematic chain tracking with joint position estimation
Authors: Taetz Bertram , Lorenz Michael , Miezal Markus , Stricker Didier , Bleser-Taetz Gabriele
Published: January 2025

In-field motion capture is drawing increasing attention due to the multitude of application areas, in particular for human motion capture (HMC). Plenty of research is currently invested in camera-based markerless HMC, however, with the inherent drawbacks of limited field of view and occlusions. In contrast, inertial motion capture does not suffer from occlusions, thus being a promising approach for capturing motion outside the laboratory. However, one major challenge of such methods is the necessity of spatial registration. Typically, during a predefined calibration sequence, the orientation and location of each inertial sensor are registered with respect to an underlying skeleton model. This work contributes to calibration-free inertial motion capture, as it proposes a recursive estimator for the simultaneous online estimation of all sensor poses and joint positions of a kinematic chain model like the human skeleton. The full derivation from an optimization objective is provided. The approach can directly be applied to a synchronized data stream from a body-mounted inertial sensor network. Successful evaluations are demonstrated on noisy simulated data from a three-link chain, real lower-body walking data from 25 young, healthy persons, and walking data captured from a humanoid robot.
Çok Çalışmak, Kötü mü? Etik Değerler, İşkoliklik ve Psikolojik Sözleşme İhlali
Authors: Pehlivanlı Edip Ali , Akın Adnan
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışma, işten zevk alma, işe güdülenme (çalışmaya mecbur kalma), etik değerler ve psikolojik sözleşme ihlali arasındaki doğrudan ve dolaylı ilişkileri araştırmak için tasarlanmıştır. Araştırma, Türkiye’de bir devlet üniversitesinde görev yapan öğretim elemanından elde edilen 357 anket verisi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, işkolikliğin işten zevk alma boyutunun etik değerleri artırdığını, işe güdülenme boyutunun ise etik değerleri azalttığını göstermektedir. Öte yandan işe güdülenme boyutu, işten zevk alma boyutunun etik değerler üzerindeki olumlu etkisine olumsuz yönde aracılık etmektedir. Ayrıca akademik etik değerlerin örgütsel etik alt boyutu psikolojik sözleşme ihlali algısını olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu nedenle, çalışmanın mevcut iş etiği, işkoliklik ve psikolojik sözleşme ihlali literatürüne önemli katkıları ile birlikte, bulguların araştırmacılar ve uygulayıcılar için önemli çıkarımları vardır. Tüm bulguların teorik ve pratik çıkarımları literatür bağlamında tartışılmış ve değerlendirilmiştir.
FACILITATION OPPORTUNITIES TO OPTIMIZE THE TIME OF PRODUCTION MEETINGS
Authors: Voznesenskiy I.
Published: January 2025

Modern organizations strive to abandon directive management methods and move to practices characteristic of self-organization and group work. One of such practices is facilitation, which differs from simple management in that it focuses on increasing the efficiency of each employee and the organization as a whole by optimizing collective discussions of existing problems. The article analyzes the capabilities of facilitation technology, which is aimed at achieving more successful organization performance of assigned tasks by establishing productive teamwork and forming an organizational culture that meets the spirit of the times. Facilitation sessions are an effective tool for solving organizational problems during production meetings and conferences. Facilitation methods can be used during a meeting on the development of the organization and the formation of new projects. There is a place for facilitation in sessions for crisis management of the current situation and detection of problems arising in the company, with the subsequent development of joint solutions to overcome them.
SUPPORT AND ENGAGEMENT: VALUE ADAPTATION OF PERSONNEL IN A MODERN ORGANIZATION
Authors: Kashtanova YEkatyerina , Lobacheva A. , Ashurbekov R.
Published: January 2025

The article discusses value adaptation, which ensures the fastest possible alignment of personal and professional values of a beginner with the corporate environment of a new company. It is this area of adaptation that plays a key role in creating a unified vision and integrating new employees into the team. The importance of this issue is due to the critical role of adapting new employees in the personnel management process for any business. In this regard, the article provides the main ways and methods of adaptation that allow you to develop a sense of loyalty to the organization even before a new employee comes to work, as well as supporting him in the very first working days and aimed at building commitment and overall involvement in the company’s affairs.
METHODS OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT COMPETENCY ASSESSMENT
Authors: Mironova Irina , Skripnichenko L. , Thagalizhokova L.
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this article is to develop recommendations for the application of methods for assessing the managerial competencies of service personnel. The empirical basis of the study was made up of questionnaire surveys jointly developed with the organization’s management: a personnel assessment system (survey for managers), a personnel assessment system (survey for employees). The study was carried out on the basis of an organization engaged in the collection and purification of water for drinking and industrial needs. To comply with the principle of trade secrets, the work does not indicate the full name of the organization. When analyzing the results of the study, it was found that the personnel assessment system is more aimed at managers, employees are not aware of the assessment system; the assessment does not take into account the specifics of the organization and objectivity; Respondents are ready to introduce new methods and technologies in personnel assessment. All respondents who took part in the survey are satisfied with the current personnel assessment system in the organization. Based on the identified data, recommendations were developed for the use of personnel assessment methods.

An important factor will be the involvement of employees in the evaluation process and taking into account their opinions can help increase confidence in the evaluation system and its results. When choosing evaluation methods, the views and preferences of employees should be taken into account to ensure their participation and active interaction with the process.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE LABOR POTENTIAL OF THE REGIONS OF THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA BASED ON PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF PERSONNEL: EXPERT OPINION
Authors: Mitrofanova Elena , Mitrofanova Aleksandra
Published: January 2025

The article substantiates the relevance of the study of the issue of development of the labor potential of the regions of the South of Russia as a key resource that ensures the possibility of sustainable effective development of the studied regions and the country as a whole; based on the results of sociological surveys and in-depth interviews, public opinion was studied and the main directions of development of the labor potential of the regions based on professional training of personnel were determined; a list of areas and professions for which it is necessary to revive the system of industry training of personnel was compiled; the main directions of changing the system of personnel training in Russia, ensuring the socio-economic development of the regions in modern conditions, were substantiated.

The article was written as part of a study conducted by a team of authors of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “State University of Management” with the support of the Russian Science Foundation as part of the implementation of scientific project No. 24-18-00722 to carry out research work on the topic: “Socio-economic and political-administrative transformation of the modern South of Russia. “New” and “old” regions: comparative historical analysis and development prospects”.
Primary lymphoma arising in Paget’s disease in a patient with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: De La Fuente Mercedes , Arroyo Marina , Collado Ana S. , Gallardo Elena C. , Montes Santiago , Olmos Jose M.
Published: January 2025

Background: Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) is characterized by a disturbance of the balance between bone formation and bone resorption at one or more bone sites. Its neoplastic transformation to osteosarcoma of the bone has been widely cited in the literature; however, association with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is very uncommon. In addition, whereas the pathophysiological relationship between PDB and secondary hyperparathyroidism is well established, there is much debate about the association between PDB and primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Case Report: We present a case of NHL arising in pagetoid bone in a 56-year-old man, who was subsequently diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Discussion: The malignant potential of pagetoid bone is well known, with sarcomatous degeneration being the most common neoplasm. Therefore, when pain recurred in our patient, 3 years after treatment of PDB, the presumptive diagnosis was a sarcomatous degeneration of the pagetoid bone. However, bone biopsy revealed a primary lymphoma, an extremely rare association that has been described only in a few cases. In addition, PHPT is rarely associated with PDB, although a link between PHPT and an increased risk of malignancy has been suggested. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of these three different bone diseases in the same patient. Further studies are needed to understand the possible molecular basis of the association among these diseases.
Breast cancer: an update for community nurses
Authors: Nazarko Linda
Published: January 2025

Linda Nazarko looks at how this common cancer can be managed in primary and community care settings
Visiting the Revolution
Authors: Hattem Michael D.
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores the creation of several revolutionary public history sites and projects in the late 1940s and 1950s in response to the Cold War, including the Freedom Train, Independence National Historical Park, and the Boston Freedom Trail.
Which Fair Trade principles travel to distant sectors? An analysis of social and sustainability enterprises and entrepreneurship in the legal cannabis (marijuana) sector
Authors: Bennett Elizabeth A.
Published: January 2025

Social enterprises, social entrepreneurship and sustainable business models are increasingly common in sectors where Fair Trade does not have a strong presence (e.g. mobile phones and software). This research asks: To what extent do social and sustainability enterprises and entrepreneurship (SSEEs) in these ‘distant’ sectors engage the principles of Fair Trade? It draws on an in-depth, multi-method case study of SSEEs in the legal cannabis sector in Portland, Oregon, US. It analyzes data from magazine advertisements, public and industry events, and visits to 85 cannabis retailers. The results suggest that SSEEs in distant sectors may not be engaging some of the principles that are at the heart of Fair Trade. These include transparency, accountability, collaborative price-setting, pre-payment, honouring contracts, inclusive governance and worker organizing. SSEEs appear more engaged with the environment and buy-cotting (privileging) small producers, sustainable businesses and marginalized groups. How can Fair Trade encourage and empower SSEEs in distant sectors to engage more principles of Fair Trade?
Teaching how to critically read Indo-Caribbean bodies in nineteenth-century postcards
Authors: Pillai Rupa
Published: January 2025

Starting in 2017, the Kislak Center at the University of Pennsylvania has collected postcards dating from the late nineteenth century that depict Indo-Caribbean life and culture in Trinidad, British Guiana, Suriname and Jamaica. From village scenes to Indo-Caribbean women in studio portraits, the bodies featured in these postcards appear in ethnographic views to promote perceptions of Indo-Caribbeans as being exotic and different. However, as I demonstrate, these postcards are valuable pedagogical tools to help students appreciate how race is constructed visually across locations and time. Drawing upon my use of this postcard collection in the past six years in my course on ‘The Asian Caribbean’, I will discuss how I prepare students to critically read Indo-Caribbean bodies featured in these postcards. From learning the history of indenture in the Caribbean to looking at similar colonial representations from the South Asian subcontinent, the students better appreciate how colonial ideologies of race, gender and progress are produced and reinforced through the visual.
Embodied performances of (post-)indenture: Creolization of Indian dance, music and nadrons in Guadeloupe
Authors: Soukaï Sandrine
Published: January 2025

42,473 Indian indentured workers were transported to the French Caribbean archipelago of Guadeloupe between 1854 and 1889. Yet, until recently, the legacy of indenture was marginalized in public memory. The 1970s marked a turning point, with the emergence of Indianité, a French Caribbean cultural project aimed at valourizing the Indian components of the region’s culturally diverse and creolizing landscape. Drawing on still underdeveloped scholarship on Indianité, theories of creolization, studies on embodied memory of past trauma, I analyze how the descendants of Indian indentured labourers reconstruct and transmit the heritage and memory of indenture in Guadeloupe through embodied performances of Indian dance, music and, in particular, the danced and sung theatre known as nadrons (from Tamil nādagam), formerly staged on plantations. My study interweaves close readings of Indo-Guadeloupean writer, cultural activist and politician Ernest Moutoussamy’s tryptic novel Marianne: fée de notre République du sang-mêlé (Marianne: The Fairy of our Mixed-Blood Republic, 2018) and his poetry collection A la recherche de l’Inde perdue (In Remembrance of Lost India, 2004) with interviews conducted with Guadeloupean Indian language and dance cultural associations. Combining an analysis of literary texts on the one hand, and cultural activists’ projects and experiences on the other, I tease out the paradoxes at the heart of Indian song and dance performances, demonstrating how they oscillate between a return to an ancestral Hindu India, a recognition of the creolization at work in French Caribbean Indianness and, more recently, an opening to the global Indian culture popularized by Bollywood.
Public management and its reform
Authors: Elston Thomas
Published: January 2025

What is public management reform? Why do governments desire to reshape the organisation and management of public services so often? And how successful are these reform efforts, typically? This chapter addresses each question in turn. It first argues that to manage is to make productive the resources required to pursue organisational objectives; and that ‘public’ management occurs when those objectives relate to the politically identified needs of communities, rather than the market-revealed wants of consumers. ‘Public management reform’ thus involves policymaking by a central authority in respect of how the resources needed for public service delivery are made productive in subordinate organisations. Next, the chapter suggests that, in practice, management reform also substitutes for various other important but harder-to-realise enablers of public services, like better policy design or increased resources, even if ill-suited to some of these ‘surrogate’ duties. Finally, using published systematic reviews, the chapter surveys evidence on effectiveness of five widespread public management reforms – administrative decentralisation within national governments (or ‘agencification’), changes to the size of local government units through amalgamation and inter-municipal cooperation, public service outsourcing, and performance management. These reveal significant under-performance in each case.
Spycops
Authors: Schlembach Raphael
Published: January 2025

This book presents a sociological analysis of the British spycops scandal and the Undercover Policing Inquiry that followed. A series of exposures of police officers who infiltrated political movements has broken apart the shield of secrecy that normally obscures covert state activity. They revealed the controversial undercover tactics used to spy on political activists and allow for novel, empirically-rich examinations of covert surveillance. In this book, the long-running Undercover Policing Inquiry serves as the site of research where secrecy and disclosure are key battlegrounds. Here, conflicting arguments over matters of power, harm, privacy, human rights and accountability present the public inquiry, held under the Inquiries Act 2005, as a site of struggle. While activists demand answers about the infiltration of their lives, police bodies seek to limit public access to its operations. The book follows the Undercover Policing Inquiry through its first eight years. The author has analysed the oral and written evidence given to it, observed its public hearings and carried out in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, including activists who were spied on. He moves the complex political and legal dilemmas of transparency and confidentiality in public inquiries to the centre of analysis and explores ways of re-appraising the fundamental notions of truth, justice and state power.
Deviant knowledge and activist research
Authors: Schlembach Raphael
Published: January 2025

This chapter reflects in the methodological problems when studying secret state practices. Theoretical reflection is necessarily limited by the difficulty of accessing empirical data. While for some, the answer has been to build stronger research partnership with police institutions themselves, this chapter questions the reliability and ethics of such an approach. It uses the example of the former undercover officer Bob Lambert who later took on lectureships at universities without disclosing the details of his deployments. Rather, the tendency for police organisations to protect their reputations and to limit the disclosure of internal material should be treated as a form of data itself. The chapter is therefore a call for ‘deviant knowledge’ (Walters, 2003) and activist research.
Slow Planning?
Authors: Dobson Mark , Parker Gavin
Published: January 2025

Written as a deep exploration of how questions of time and its organisation affect planning practice, this book is aimed at public and private planning practitioners, national and local politicians and policymakers involved in planning, and academics and students studying planning and related disciplines. It presents time as a pervasive tool of power and political resource that shapes practice. The book acts as a stimulus for those wishing to question and reclaim ground that, in England, has been dominated by ‘project speed’, where time to think, deliberate and plan has been squeezed. This brings to light some important consequences for key participants, outcomes and the credentials of planning systems overall.
Time, speed and slow planning?
Authors: Dobson Mark , Parker Gavin
Published: January 2025

This introductory chapter provides an initial grounding for the rationale, aims and scope of the book. It also indicates why this topic area should be embraced and absorbed in planning, and how this is useful for providing a deeper understanding of time in practice and the impact of time on practice. The consideration of time in relation to planning is an obvious one: planning is critically concerned with time as an activity in creating plans and policies for the present and future. Yet, beyond such seemingly self-evident claims and understandings of the importance of time, we need to consider the concept much more deeply to appreciate the profound role that time and ‘timescaping’ plays in structuring society, economies and politics, as well as for understanding how temporalisation shapes planning, which in turn shapes the experience of planning. In this respect, time has often been an obscure or uncritically accepted part of discourses shaping planning. This lays the foundations for exploring the contention that time, in its deployment both rhetorically and practically, can have profound impacts on both planning processes and outcomes.
Time and participation in planning
Authors: Dobson Mark , Parker Gavin
Published: January 2025

This chapter presents a central argument made that time is bound up with power and, moreover, that power is inherently relational, operating between the participants in planning and others affected by planning and development outcomes. This view incorporates the power relations inherent in Nowotny’s (1994) perspective of the multiple temporalities of actors and is linked to Adam’s (2004) idea of the timescape. The theme of recasting the term ‘participation’ is also developed here as a widened view of who and what is actually constitutive of planning practice becomes more accepted. This becomes ever more apparent given the multiple actors involved in shaping planning and how timescaping impacts on these interests in various and unequal ways. The chapter discusses examples taken from across the English planning system, where time has been used to chrono-synchronise and orchestrate planning practice, and indicates the inclusionary and exclusionary work of political time in relation to the key stakeholders and tools used in planning practice. The argument is developed that planning as an activity is inherently participatory and, as a consequence, participation cannot be separated from professional planning practice.
Time and neoliberalisation in planning
Authors: Dobson Mark , Parker Gavin
Published: January 2025

The chapter highlights that neoliberal discourses have a particular prominence and influence on political and economic thought and policy in the UK. The thinking behind neoliberal policy places time firmly in view as something to be ‘managed’ in order for ‘efficiency’ to be assured and ‘delay’ minimised. This view stresses that business and service imperatives are promoted in governmental policy generally and through planning policy more specifically. The chapter presents a discussion of planning and the role of time in a neoliberalised policy environment, and outlines the idea of ‘project speed’, cited to focus attention on the political project of reforming planning in the English case. It shows that there have been concerted efforts to orient planning timescapes not necessarily in service of good planning or of supporting democratic accountability but instead to primarily achieve growth. We view the reforms promoted by waves of neoliberalisation and ‘project speed’ over a longer period as attempts to control the present and future. Both the use of political time to service these agendas and the wider temporal politics of growth are questioned as effective long-term strategies in aiding good processes and/or outcomes.
Time and deliberation in planning
Authors: Dobson Mark , Parker Gavin
Published: January 2025

The chapter considers the role of time, public interest and deliberative democracy in relation to how planning inputs are organised and managed. In doing so, it considers the wider ‘public interest’ justification for planning to meet a range of present and future needs, and the role of democratic processes and deliberation as a means to enable ‘good’ planning. These are discussed in view of the implications of, and linkages with, time as a resource and the aims of planning, with consideration of the processes and tools available to foster proper time for planning. Care to sustain appropriate deliberative practices is linked to the act of planning itself as a participatory undertaking rather than an adjunct to public engagement, which is often offered under narrow terms and reflects attempts to orchestrate inputs. The challenges to enabling more deliberative approaches are considered in relation to critiques of (post-)democratic citizenship, competing values within increasingly pluralist societies and the unequal operation of power relations. Despite these issues, the case is made that enabling deliberation is an important component of good planning and should form a key part of the normative principles underpinning planning systems.
The Globalizing Dynamics of Social Policy: A Transnational Analytics of and for Southern Social Policy
Authors: Yeates Nicola
Published: January 2025

This chapter explores the intricacies of social policy amid contemporary globalizing dynamics. Centring on transborder exchanges, the chapter illuminates how these exchanges shape welfare systems worldwide, encompassing the flow of capital, goods, services, cultural exchanges and political actions, and examines the innovative reforms addressing health and welfare issues with particular focus on the global South. It poses critical questions about whether social policies can be isolated from their international contexts, and challenges the traditional, country-centric methodologies of social policy analysis. Emphasizing the necessity of a more encompassing transnational analytical approach, the chapter calls for a symbiotic relationship between traditional and transnational methodologies in social policy research. It underscores the variable influence that transnational actors, institutions and processes wield across different contexts. A core argument posits that a truly comprehensive understanding of social policy dynamics requires embracing the cross-border activities and their impacts on welfare structures within and between nations. This transnational analytics is presented as instrumental in understanding contemporary social policy dynamics. Additionally, the chapter stresses the need for comparative methods, urging an investigation into how different transnational forces shape social provision and policy across various contexts.