bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROFIL VIRUS DENGUE DI SURABAYA TAHUN 2008–2009
Authors: . Aryati , Wardhani Puspa
Published: October 2018

Four serotypes of dengue viruses (DENV) 1–4 are mosquito-borne human pathogens that cause widespread epidemics withconsiderable morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dengue serotypes profile, which were circulating inSurabaya. This research has been carried out consisting of 360 samples from patients with dengue virus infections, according the WorldHealth Organization (WHO) criteria. These sera were collected from patients Dr. Soetomo Hospital and private laboratory in Surabayafrom 2008–2009. From 360 samples, 68 samples (18.9%) were undifferentiated fever, 53 samples (14.7%) were dengue fever, 239samples (66.4%) were dengue hemorrhagic fever. From 58 Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) samples, 25samples (43%) were positive, consisting of 52% DEN-2, 20% DEN-1, 16% DEN-3 and 12% DEN-4. These results showed that fourserotypes are circulating in Indonesia, dominated by DEN-2, followed by DEN-1, DEN-3 and DEN-4.
UJI KESAHIHAN (VALIDITAS) PEMERIKSAAN D-DIMER CARA MENYARING KEKEBALAN (METODE IMUNOFILTRASI) DAN CARA MENGUKUR IMUNOTURBIDIMETRI
Authors: Rustandi David , Prihatni Delita , Rostini Tiene , Tristina Nina
Published: October 2018

D-Dimer parameter is the most usefull laboratory assay to detect the present of activated coagulation. The D-Dimer fragment directlyindicate the fibrinolitic proccess whereas the increasing mark of D-Dimer is the most hemostatic parameter that was used to detectthe early stage of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) and has a correlation with the patient prognosis. D-Dimer assay byimmunoturbidimetric method was used to detect antigen-antibody reaction automatically and it can detect D-Dimer concentration lessthan 0.5 Î¼g/mL. The immunoturbidimetric method has a good correlation with the ELISA method, but the proccess is complicated, ishigh costed, and need the competence of practical human resource. D-Dimer assay with immunofiltration method has the same principleas immunoturbidimetric method, but it's work more simpler, low cost and does not need the competence of practical human resource.The aim of this study is to compare the D-Dimer assay concentration between immunofltration and immunoturbidimetric method. Therewere 30 plasma samples assayed with these two methods (immunoturbidimetric and immunofiltration), and then compared betweenthem. The samples were collected between November until December 2008 at Rumah Sakit dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. The validity ofD-Dimer using immunofiltration method showed sensitivity 74%, specificity 95%, predictive value of negative test (PV-) 22%, predictivevalue of positive test (PV+) 95% with likelihood ratio 5.2. The conclusion of this study so far that the immunofiltration method has agood validity for diagnosing. D-Dimer work rapidly with low cost laboratory assay than the immunoturbidimetric method.
STATUS PENGGUMPALAN (AGREGASI) TROMBOSIT SEBAGAI FAKTOR PROGNOSTIK TEJADINYA KELUARAN KLINIS STROK INFARK MENDADAK (STROK INFARK AKUT)
Authors: Rosita Linda , Sukorini Usi , Mulyono Budi
Published: October 2018

The propriate management of acute infarction stroke will be able to reduce the morbidity and mortality of the disease. In diagnosingand managing the diseases, for the detection of the risk or prognostic factors information's such as the history physical findings,confirmation and other supporting tests are needed. One of the supporting test is the laboratory examination i.e. platelet aggregationtest. Platelet aggregation is suggested having an important role in haemostasis especially to prevent excessive bleeding by forming plateletplug. Finally, further hyperactivity of platelet in terms of platelet hyper aggregation can create a thrombus and moreover lead to obstructthe vessels. The occlusion will give a negative outcome of an acute infarction stroke. The aim of this study is to know whether platelethyper aggregation has a contribution in the outcome of the disease or not by certain testing. A prospective cohort study was carried out,to compare between two groups of exposed and non-exposed group in Sardjito hospital Yogyakarta during the period of March up toearly July 2007. Eighty four subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were involved in this study. The exposed group was agroup of acute infarction stroke patient who were exposed to platelet hyper aggregation 48 (57%), on the other hand, patients who didnot have platelet hyper aggregation was separated as non-exposed group is 36 (43%). Inception of cohort was applied when the patientwas admitted to the emergency unit during 72 hours of the onset, before receiving antithrombotic drugs and had no previous history ofstroke. The patients were followed after 7 days hospitalization in the stroke unit and neurology unit and the outcome was measured byevaluating the score using Gadjah Mada stroke scale. The characteristics of the subjects were grouped by baseline data X2 test. Unvariedanalysis and multivariate analysis were taken to get the relative risk of having acute infarction stroke. In this case logistic regressionanalysis was used to know the relative risk (RR) measurement. Prognostic factors had influenced the outcome of acute infarction strokein patients who had a history of cardiovascular disease and aggregation status. The outcome of the platelet hyper aggregation grouphad a RR=2.15 (95% CI: 2.01–4.07) and the history of cardiovascular disease had a RR=1.78 (95% CI: 1.18–13.28).
IMUNOKIMIAWI PGE2 USUS ILEUM YANG KEKURANGAN ENERGI PROTEIN
Authors: Prasetyo R. Heru
Published: October 2018

Diarrhoeal disease mortality which suffered by children less than five years due to protein energy deficiency is increased significantly.The pathological mechanisms are not known in detail yet. The objective of this research was able to explain the intestine motility inprotein energy deficiency of mice Balb/c. Hormonal mechanism that regulates the intestine motility is roled by prostaglandine E2 hormone(PGE2). The observed variable was the immunity component of PGE2. The measurement was performed using immunohistochemistrymethod with monoclonal antibody against PGE2 to the ileum mice tissue. The result of this study showed that protein energy deficiencymice had much reduced PGE2 (reduction from 1492 to 145, p = 0.000 ). In conclusion, the marked decrease of ileum PGE2 will decreaseintestine motility and it may be one cause of the high diarrhoeal mortality due to protein energy deficiency.
D-DIMER PENDERITA SINDROM KORONER AKUT DAN STENOSIS
Authors: . Birhasani , S Lisyani B , T Ria
Published: October 2018

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the multisystem of coronary artery disease. The clinical manifestation of ACS is acute myocardialinfarction (AMI). About 90% coronary attack is caused by thrombus occlusion in coronary artery. The suspect of thrombosis can bediagnosed definitely by Angiography, but it is invasive. D-dimer used to measure thrombosis abnormality and fibrinolisys. The result oftheir correlation between D-dimer with ACS is still controversived. The aim of this research is to analyse, the different between plasmaD-dimer level ACS with stenosis â‰¥ 50% and stenosis < 50%. This study used a cross sectional design. The study consist of seventeenspecimen ACS with stenosis â‰¥ 50% and 17 specimen with stenosis < 50%. Plasma D-dimer level was measured with quantitativeagglutination latex method. An independent t-test statistical analysis is used in this study. The average Plasma D-dimer of ACS withstenosis â‰¥ 50% is 960.2 ± 404.99 µg/L thus ACS with stenosis < 50% is 300.3 ± 128.75 µg/L (p = 0.00). The plasma D-dimer levelof ACS with stenosis â‰¥ 50% is more significant than ACS with stenosis < 50%.
MENINGITIS TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Rachmayati Silvia , Parwati Ida , Rizal A , Oktavia D
Published: October 2018

Tuberculosis meningitis is one of the clinical manifestations of extra-pulmonary TB, which is localized in the central nervous system(CNS). The mortality of these patients is usually caused by the delays in diagnosis and treatment; hence up to this day tuberculosismeningitis remains a health problem. The diagnosis of tuberculosis meningitis based on the discovery of M.tuberculosis established inthe cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and is the gold standard by culture, although the examination results will be obtained after 6–8 weeks.Nevertheless the patient in this case needs an immediate and accurate treatment. Recently there is a rapid and accurate test to confirmthe diagnosis of tuberculosis meningitis, that is the detection of an immunoglobulin (Ig) M and G in the serum. The aim of this study isto know the validity and the correlation of IgG and IgM test to the gold standard by investigated them. The research is an observationalstudy conducted cross sectional in the Clinical Pathology Department of Hasan Sadikin Hospital, from October 2008 up to January 2009.Eighty samples were obtained, which included the criteria for patients with suspected tuberculosis meningitis. The result of this studyshows: sensitivity 94.1%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 95.8%, positive infinite likelihoodratio (LHR), negative LHR 0.06 and kappa 0.95. According to this study it can be concluded, that the IgM/IgG TB is a test that has anexcellent validity and correlation for the future.
PEMETAAN EPITOP DAN APLIKASI KLINISNYA
Authors: Nugraha Jusak
Published: October 2018

Epitope mapping is one of the important findings in immunoIogy. The idea of systematic epitope mapping was first described byGeysen et al (Geysen et al., 1987a,b). This technic is further developed together with other important findings such as monoclonalantibody production, DNA recombinant, peptide synthesis and phage display of peptide or protein. The usage of this technic is to know theexact binding site of antigen with antibody or T cell receptor, and can be used as the basic information to design a vaccine or diagnostictools. The term epitope can be further classified as functional epitope, structural epitope, binding epitope, protective epitope, heavyinfection epitope, neutralization epitope etc. In this article will be reviewed topics about epitope: B and T cell epitope mapping technicsusing synthetic pin and its application.
KORELASI KADAR CRP, TNF-Î± DAN BONE MINERAL DENSITY DENGAN CARBOXYTERMINAL CROSSLINKED TELOPEPTIDE TYPE I OF COLLAGEN DI PENDERITA ARTRITIS REUMATOID
Authors: Handono Kusworini , Putra Suryana BP , Sulistyorini Sulistyorini
Published: October 2018

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease accompanied by decreasing bone mass density and ultimately leads toosteoporosis. The cause of decreased bone mass density is still unknown, but the inflammation has been suspected as an important factor.The correlation between the severity of inflammation with the decrease in bone mass density in Indonesian RA patients has not been muchstudied. The purpose of this study was to know the assessment in the correlation between levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), Tumour NecrosisFactor-Î± (TNFÎ±) and bone mineral density (BMD) with bone resorption marker CTx-1 Î²-Cross Laps in premenopausal RA patients.Thisobservational study using cross sectional design, was carried out in the Rheumatology Clinic and Central Laboratory of RSSA, Malang fromAugust 2009 until October 2010. All 47 RA patients were diagnosed according to revised of the 1997 American College of Rheumatology(ACR). Measurement of CRP levels uses turbidimetry method, TNF-Î± and CTX-1 Î²-Cross Laps levels using ELISA methods and the measurementof BMD using DEXA. The results of this study showed mean levels of CRP were 4.288±1.775 g/L, TNF-Î± were 322.077±275.248 pg/mLand CTX-1 Î²-Cross Laps were 0.588±0.139 ng mL. The correlation of CRP and TNF-Î± levels with CTX-1 Î²-Cross Laps level were r=0.5832,p=0.453 and r=0.615, p=0.041. Correlation of CTX-1 Î²-Cross Laps level and Femoral Neck BMD was r=–0.469, p=0.143 and r=0.248,p=0.799 for L average BMD. There was no correlation between CRP level and BMD results with bone resorption marker CTX-1 Î²-Cross Laps,but there is a significant correlation between high levels of TNFÎ± with CTX-1 Î²-Cross Laps. It seems that TNF-Î± appears to be contributed tothe decrease of bone mass density in RA patients.
KETERKAITAN ANTIGEN NS1 INFEKSI VIRUS DENGUE DENGAN SEROTIPE VIRUS DENGUE
Authors: Ismaillya Noor Roudhotul , Aryati Aryati , Wardhani Puspa
Published: October 2018

Dengue virus infection (DVI) currently is detected by using dengue virus NS1 antigen (NS1 Ag). The sensitivity of NS1 Ag is 27.8%–93.4%,but recent study of Kumarasamy the sensitivity of NS1 Ag is better than the virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This studyis focussed on the evaluation of the validity of Panbio Dengue Early Rapid for the diagnosis of DVI and the NS1 Ag sensitivity associated withdengue virus serotypes. The sera was obtained from 65 DVI patients which diagnosed by the clinicians. The resulted diagnosis was foundby serology tests (positive IgM/IgG antidengue/NS1 Ag ELISA) and 1997 WHO criteria as the gold standard, and which also found 35 nonDVI patients (typhoid fever, HAV, malaria, UTI, tuberculosis and bronchopneumonia). The samples were examined by Panbio Dengue EarlyRapid. PCR was performed on each positive serological test result to determine the dengue virus serotypes. The sensitivity and specificity ofPanbio Dengue Early Rapid was 49.2% and 100%. The PCR results of 65 sera showed positive PCR in 49.2% (positive NS1 Ag was 62.5%).Meanwhile, and negative PCR in 50.8% (positive NS1 Ag was 36.4%). The predominance of serotypes (positive NS1 Ag) were DEN-3 (37.5%),DEN-4 (28.1%), DEN-1 (21.9%) and DEN-2 (12.5%). The Panbio Dengue Early Rapid can be used as early detection of DVI, although itshould be used in conjunction with other dengue serological tests as well. Unfortunately there is still not enough evidence about the NS1 Agsensitivity associated with the dengue virus serotypes.
SINDROM HORMON ANTIDIURETIK BERLEBIH
Authors: Suryatenggara Arleen N. , Astrawinata Dalima A. W.
Published: October 2018

Syndrome of Inappropiate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) is a condition caused by excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion.High level of ADH increse water reabsorption in the kidney. This syndrome is characterized by hyponatremia, plasma hypo-osmolality,urine osmolality less than 100 mOsm/kg, elevated urine sodium, euvolemia, with normal renal, adrenal, and thyroid function. SIADHcould be the result of ectopic ADH caused by malignant cells, drug-induced, baroreceptor lesion, and other problems. Main treatmentfor SIADH is intended to overcome the underlying diseases. Other approaches are by fluid restriction, salt supplementation, and the useof drugs inducing diabetes insipidus or V2 receptor antagonist.
LEUKEMIA SEL BERAMBUT
Authors: Isbach Reini Meilani , Abdullah Agus Alim , Arif Mansyur
Published: October 2018

Hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) is a neoplastic disorder of B lymphocytes originally described by Bouroncle et al. in 1958. HCL clinicalmanifestations varies, generally characterized by various degrees of splenomegaly, pancytopenia, or emphasis only on the two cell lines(bisitopenia), with the hairy cells in varying amounts in the peripheral blood smear and bone marrow. HCL is a very rare case, there areonly about 2% of all leukaemias more frequently in men than women (4:1) with the average age of disease onset between 50–55 years.The etiology of HCL is still not known. A case of HCL Leukaemia in a female patient, aged 55 years is reported which was a rare case.HCL diagnosis in this patient was based on the clinical manifestation (splenomegaly), and laboratory results (bisitopenia, neutropeniaand monositopenia) and about 80% hairy cells were found in peripheral blood smears. Definite diagnosis of HCL should be made by bonemarrow examination, immunophenotyping and cytogenesis.
METODE BROMCRESOL GREEN (BCG) DAN BROMCRESOL PURPLE (BCP) PADA SIROSIS HATI YANG MENDAPAT INFUS ALBUMIN
Authors: Ilmiah Miftahul , Anniwati Leonita , Soehartini Soehartini
Published: October 2018

Albumin infusion is one of the therapeutic options in hypoalbuminemia patients. Serum albumin can be used to determine the albumininfusion therapy, prognosis and monitoring of liver cirrhosis. The time difference in measurement of serum albumin by bromcresol green(BCG) and bromcresol purple (BCP) methods can give different results. Serum albumin examination was done in 20 sera taken fromcirrhosis patients. Serum albumin was then evaluated before treatment, one (1) hour and 24 hours after the patient received an infusionof albumin and examined by bromcresol green (BCG) and bromcresol purple (BCP) methods. The serum albumin level by BCG methodincreased with a coefficient of 0.12 (p-value=0.022) with BCG method before (1.94±0.32 mg/dL) and after one (1) hour (2.06±0.32mg/dL) receiving intravenous albumin. The coefficient of albumin levels before and after 24 hours (2.12±0.38 mg/dL) was 0.18 (pvalue=0.07), whereas the increased levels of serum albumin after one (1) hour and after 24 hours of intravenous albumin, were notsignificant (p-value=0.467). The BCP method showed that serum albumin before, after one (1) hour and after 24 hours receivingintravenous albumin were 1.68±0.36 mg/dL, 1.87±0.36 mg/dL and 2.12±0.63 mg/dL respectively. The albumin levels showed asignificant increase before and after one (1) hour infusion of albumin (p-value=0.00), both levels shown before and after 24 hours(p-value=0.001), as well as one (1) hour and 24 hours after receiving intravenous albumin (p-value=0.04). The results of this studyshowed that increased serum albumin by BCG method could be detected after 1 (one) hour, whereas by BCP method could only be detectedafter 24 hours receiving intravenous albumin.
SIMVASTATIN GENERIK
Authors: Dewi DAP. Rasmika , Santhi DG. Diah Dharma , Sukrama DM , Karsana AA. Raka
Published: October 2018

This study aims to know and determine the lipid profile in patients with hyperlipidemia who consumed Generic Simvastatin comparedwith its patent product contained in the Formularium at Sanglah Hospital. The observations made, were the measurement of the totalcholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) before and after the drug administration. A total of 30 subjects who met the inclusioncriteria, were divided into two (2) groups, each group consist of 15 persons, the first group was given 20 mg generic Simvastatin(1 tablet daily) for 15 days and Group II given 20 mg patent Simvastatin (1 tablet daily) for 15 day. After 15 days, their blood sampleswere taken and examined for total cholesterol and LDL. Once the data were collected, statistical analysis was done by using the normalitytest, homogeneity and t. Statistical analysis using p-value less than or equal to 0.05 was the limit of significance. The statistical analysisshowed that the data was normally distributed and homogeneous (pâ‰¥0.05). The T-test showed that there were significant differencesin the levels of total cholesterol and LDL serum samples before and after the administration of generic simvastatin and patents the(sig.=0.000). However, there was no significant difference in decreased levels of totall cholesterol samples between the generic Simvastatinand patent (sig=0.365 with Î±=0.05 level). Besides this, there was also no significant difference in the decreased levels of LDL betweengeneric Simvastatin and the patent one (sig=0.372 with Î±=0.05 level).
KENASABAN FIBRINOGEN PLASMA DENGAN PENEBALAN ARTERI INTIMA-MEDIA KAROTIS KOMUNIS DI DIABETES MELITUS (Correlation Plasma Fibrinogen With Intima-Media Thickness of Carotid Artery in Diabetes Mellitus)
Authors: Aryani Dwi , Mulyono Budi , Sianipar Osman
Published: October 2018

Diabetes mellitus is a global problem due to the increase of its prevalence, morbidity and mortality. Diabetes mellitus has chroniccomplications such as : micro vascular and macro vascular. The macro vascular complications reveal as atherosclerosis. The increase ofcarotid communist IMT was examined by using USG, which has become the standard for assessing atherosclerosis and recommended by theAmerican Heart Association. Fibrinogen levels have a role in atherosclerosis. This study was design cross-sectionals to know the associationbetween plasma fibrinogen with carotid communist IMT in patients with DM by special examination. The subjects were patients with DMcoming to Dr DR. Sardjito Yogyakarta and fulfil the inclusion as well as the exclusion criteria. The examination of fibrinogen was carried out by Claus's method. The result showed positive correlation between plasma fibrinogen with carotid communist IMT in type 2 diabetes mellitus, r = 0.36 and p = 0.021. There is also positive correlation between age and carotid IMT with r = 0.314 and p = 0.048.
PEMERIKSAAN CRYPTOCOCCAL ANTIGEN ANTARA METODE SISTEM AGLUTINASI LATEKS ANTIGEN KRIPTOKOKUS DAN LATERAL FLOW ASSAY DI PASIEN AIDS (Cryptococcal Antigen of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome with Lateral Flow Assay and Cryptococcus Antigen Latex Agglutination System)
Authors: Aditya Artiti , AR Indrati , AR Ganiem
Published: October 2018

Cryptococcosis is the fourth most common opportunistic infection among Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients.About 100% mortality has been reported within two weeks in patient with cryptococcal meningitis but without specific treatment. Theaim of the study was to compare Cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) detection between Cryptococcus Antigen Latex Agglutination System(CALAS) and Lateral Flow Assay (LFA) among AIDS patients. This research was designed as comparative analytic with cross sectionalstudy on 56 serum derived from AIDS patient who visited Teratai Clinic before ARV therapy initiation and who had never been diagnosedas Cryptococcal meningitis. Each sample was tested for CrAg with CALAS and LFA according to the manufacturer instructions. Thisstudy was conducted in the Clinical Pathology Laboratory at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital/Centre Research Unit (CRU) Medical Faculty,Padjajaran University between December 2012March2013. The statistical analysis was done using Chi square test. The result showed thatthere was no significant difference between CALAS and LFA method with p=0.596 (p>0.05), the positive probability of CrAg detectionusing LFA was 0.75 times compared to the CALAS method. For the CrAg detection in the AIDS patients there was no significant differencebetween CALAS and LFA and the positive probability of CrAg for LFA was detected about 0.75 times compared to the CALAS method.
GENOTIPE HPV DAN POLA INFEKSINYA TERKAIT JENIS HISTOPATOLOGI KANKER LEHER RAHIM (HPV Genotype and HPV Infection Pattern Related to the Histopathological Type of Cervical Cancer)
Authors: Noor Roudhotul Ismaillya , Aryati Aryati , Hartono Pudjo
Published: October 2018

Uterine cervical cancer is the number one cause of female cancer in Indonesia. The most common cause is a persistent infection with ahigh risk of HPV (Human Papilloma Virus). A multiple genotype HPV infection with high risk HPV increases the poor prognosis of cervicalcancer. Non-squamous type of cervical cancer has a poorer prognosis than the squamous type. The aim of this study was to know theassociation between HPV genotype and HPV infection pattern with histopathological type of cervical cancer in patients of the Dr. SoetomoHospital, Surabaya. This study was an analytical observational-cross sectional research. The samples consisted of 44 uterine cervicalswabs from the Oncology Out-Patient Clinic, proven and diagnosed as the related cervical cancer in October-November 2012. PCR resultsshowed 33 HPV positive, seven (7) HPV negative and 4 invalid. The Fisher's exact test was only done for the 33 positive HPV samples.The positive HPV samples consisted of 24 squamouse and nine (9) non-squamous types of uterine cervical cancer. A 90.9% (30/33) highrisk HPV genotypes was found in 72.7% (24/30) squamous and 18.2% (6/30) non-squamous types. Multiple genotype HPV infection9.1% (3/33) occurred in 3% (1/3) squamous and 6.1% (2/3) non-squamous types. There was a significant association between HPVgenotype and histopathological type of the uterine cervical cancer (p=0.015). There was no association between HPV infection patternand histopathological type of uterine cervical cancer (p=0.174). Negative HPV and low risk HPV genotypes can be found in uterine cervicalcancer patients of the Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. Multiple genotype HPV infections have a 2.86 times greater risk in developingnonsquamous type with a poor prognosis.
PENYAKIT VIRUS EBOLA
Authors: Yanti Henny Elfira , Aryati Aryati
Published: October 2018

Ebola virus disease has known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) is an acute viral syndrome characterized by fever and bleeding witha high mortality rate in humans and non human (primates). The current outbreak inWestern Africa is the largest ebola outbreak since theebola virus was first discovered in 1976. The first EHF case that reemerged back in Africa occurred in March 2014 and in Desember 29th2014 had been revealed 20,153 cases and 7,883 deaths. The virus is transmitted from wild animals and spread in the human populationthrough human –to -human transmission. Ebola virus infection is characterized by immunosuppression and systemic inflammatoryresponse. Both condition cause the damage of blood vessels, coagulation and disorders of the immune system, leading to multiple organfailure and shock. Until now there are no ebola standards treatment guidelines. However, the life survival increased with early supportivecare such as rehydration and symptomatic treatment.
ZAT BESI DI PENDONOR TERATUR DAN YANG TIDAK TERATUR (Iron in Regular and NonRegular Donors)
Authors: Kartika Irna Diyana , Wijoyo Lince , Syahraswati Syahraswati , Muhiddin Rachmawati , Muhadi Darwati , Arif Mansyur
Published: October 2018

Blood donation is a process of taking blood from someone, either voluntarily or as a replacement donor blood banked for later usein blood transfusions. Regular donors are donors who regularly donate blood between 3âˆ’4 times a year. Nonregular donors are thosewho do not routinely donate blood in a year. Each donor donating one bag of blood, suffered a loss of approximately 200 mg of iron.The purpose of this study was to know the differences in the levels of iron profiles in regular and nonregular donors. The study wasconducted cross sectional on 65 samples of blood from the UPTD Transfusi Darah South Sulawesi Provincial Health Office, consisting of34 regular donors and 31 nonregular donors. Serum iron and TIBC levels were examined using ABX Pentra 400 with colorimetric andimmunoturbidimetry method. Ferritin level was examined using Elecsys with ECLIA principle. The data were then analyzed by unpairedT test. In this study, the regular donors showed an average serum iron level of 87.09 Î¼g/dL, TIBC level 255.41 Î¼g/dL and ferritin level121.27 Î¼g/dL. The nonregular donors, showed an average serum iron level of 83.26 Î¼g/dL, TIBC level was 261.80 Î¼g/dL and ferritinlevel was 158.62 Î¼g/dL. The results showed no significant differences between the levels of iron profiles in regular and nonregulardonors. Based on this study, it can be concluded that regular and nonregular blood donation did not affect the levels of iron profiles. Itis recommended to conduct a further cohort research to know the levels of iron profiles in blood donors by comparing before and afterdonating blood.
KAITAN IgE SPESIFIK METODE IMUNOBLOT TERHADAP ELISA PADA RINITIS ALERGI (Association Between Specific IgE Immunoblot Method with ELISA on Allergic Rhinitis)
Authors: Aryati Aryati , Pawarti Dwi Retno , Muhashonah Izzuki , Habsari Janti Tri
Published: October 2018

Allergic rhinitis is an allergic disease that is most often found beside bronchial asthma and eczema with the prevalence of is about33.3%, 9.8% and 11.2% respectively. The main examinations of allergic rhinitis are Skin Prick Test (SPT) and specific IgE, becausethe sensitivity and specificity of specific IgE examination depend on the examination method. To know the diagnostic value of specificIgE immunoblot examination by determination and were compared with ELISA in patients with allergic rhinitis. The cross-sectionaldesign of the study is con-ducted on patients at the Outpatient Clinic Department of ENT-Head and Neck from May until October 2014.Patients were grouped as diagnosis of allergic rhinitis and non-allergic non-infectious rhinitis based on clinical signs and symptoms,physical examina-tion, positive in SPT examination with or without an increase in total serum IgE and/or blood eosinophils. SpecificIgE immunoblot was conducted by using Foresight®, Acon Laboratories and the ELISA method using Allercoatâ„¢. The sensitivity andspecificity of inhalant allergen -specific IgE immunoblot Foresight® method was 73.9% and 42.9%, respectively. The sensitivity andspecificity of inhalant allergen -specific IgE ELISA method was 67.4% and 57.1%, respectively. The results of these two methods havea correlation coefficient 0.531 with p=0.000. The sensitivity and specificity of ingestan allergen specific IgE immunoblot Foresight®method was 41.3% and 85.7%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of ingestan allergen specific IgE ELISA method was 17.4 and78.6%, res-pectively. Results of these two methods have a correlation coefficient 0.375 with p=0.003. Based on this study of specificIgE immunoblot and ELISA methods, both have diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, which are almost the same. The sensitivity ofimmunoblot method inhalant allergens are superior to ELISA. The Immunoblot method ingestan allergen specificity is superior toELISA.
KLONING DAN OVEREKSPRESI PROTEIN P24-GAG HIV (Cloning and Overexpression P24-Gag of HIV)
Authors: Efrida Efrida , Putra Andani Eka
Published: October 2018

HIV diagnosis is confirmed by viral culture, but this process takes a long time. Another method used to detect HIV-specific antigensor antibodies is by immunoassay. Generally, antigen-antibody based methods are used as a screening test. Based on the stability ofthe sequences found in the first (1) study year, the researchers designed this study for the production of p24 recombinant protein.These proteins will be developed as diagnostic markers based on sero-immunology technique. The aim of this study was to know theconstruction and over expression of protein p24gag from local isolates and analysis of the diagnostic potential of doing design specificprimers against p24gag protein, cloning and over expression of the gene, as well as to obtain a p24 protein that has been purified.This research results will be applied later to develop a method based on local isolates of HIV diagnosis. This research was a descriptivestudy, conducted over seven (7) months in the Biomedical Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University and Departmentof Clinical Pathology, Dr. M. Djamil Hospital, Padang. This study was carried out by using samples of local isolates originating fromthe first year of research. Stages of the research were: 1) the design of primers for cloning, amplification and sequencing, 2) cloninginto pDEST and pENT, 3) transformation of the target gene, 4) detection of fragment insertions, 5) protein expression and proteinanalysis by SDS-PAGE, immunoblotting and 6) purification. The conclusions of this study were: the design of specific primers againstp24gag protein used fragments attb1, attb2, Shine Delgano and Kozac effective for protein expression. The results showed that thepresence of protein 24kDa expression was identical to HIV p24gag protein. Further research needs to be conducted to identify potentialimmunological target protein.
FCÎ³II (CD32) MONOSIT DI INFEKSI DENGUE PRIMER DAN SEKUNDER {FcÎ³RII (CD32) Monocytes in Primary and Secondary Dengue Infection}
Authors: Intansari Umi S. , Sukorini Usi , Sari Shanti Ika
Published: October 2018

Dengue infection is a major health problem in the world, including Indonesia. Clinical manifestations of dengue infection varywidely, from asymptomatic until dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Antibody Dependent Enhancement (ADE) hypothesis that states thatnon-neutralizing antibodies in secondary dengue infection may enhance dengue infection via FcÎ³ receptors is still controversial. Clinicalresearch shows that not all secondary infections manifest as DHF/DSS, but nearly all DHF/DSS cases are caused by secondary infection.Allegedly, the expression of FcÎ³ has an effect on this incident. This study is an observational analytical study with a cross sectional designto determine the expression of FcÎ³RII (CD32) monocytes in patients with primary and secondary dengue infection. CD32 of monocyteswas measured using FACS Calibur with lyse no wash technique. Primary and secondary dengue infection were determined by IgM/IgGoptical density ratio using ELISA capture method. The ratio of IgM/IgG â‰¥1.2 was considered as primary infection, while the ratio <1.2was considered as secondary infection. Twenty primary and 32 secondary dengue infection patients in acute phase of dengue infectionpartisipated in this study. Expressions of FcÎ³ RII (CD32) monocytes were significantly lower in primary than secondary dengue infection(187.825±31.584 vs 218.598±43.414 MFI; p=0.008). CD32 expressions were higher in day 3 compared to day 4 of fever.
KESAHIHAN PEMERIKSAAN COMPLEX SPECIFIC COCKTAIL ANTIGEN TB (ESAT-6, CFP-10, MPT-64) METODE CEPAT IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHY PADA CAIRAN SEREBROSPINAL PASIEN MENINGITIS TUBERKULOSIS {Validity of Rapid Immunochromatography Complex Specific Cocktail Antigen TB (Esat-6, Cfp-10, Mpt-64) Using Cerebrospinal Fluid of Tuberculous Meningitis Patient}
Authors: Noviani Livia , Parwati Ida , AR Ganiem , DK Turbawati
Published: October 2018

The early diagnosis of definite tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is very important in reducing its mortality. The current gold standard ofTBM relies on the isolation of M. tuberculosis from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) either with direct staining or M. tuberculosis culture, but theseexamination have a low sensitivity due to the pausibasilary condition. Recently there is an assay using rapid Immunochromatography(ICT) cocktail antigen TB in CSF to diagnose TBM. This method can detect ESAT-6, CFP-10 and MPT-64 antigen as an important virulencefactor for the spreading of bacteria to extra pulmonary which is secreted by M. tuberculosis in CSF from TBM patient. The aim of thisstudy was to know the validity of rapid ICT cocktail antigen TB using CSF against MODS culture and acid-fast bacili as a gold standardto diagnose TBM by analyzing. This study iscarried out by a descriptive observational study using cross sectional study design. Thesubjects are patients who were diagnosed as suspected TBM based on Marais criteria and were obtained from the Department of NeurologyHospital Dr. Hasan Sadikin. The examination was done at the Clinical Microbiology Department of Clinical Pathology Dr. Hasan Sadikinhospital since January 2014 until May 2014. A total of 41 subjects which consisted of six (6) subjects with a definite diagnosis of TBM,26 with probable TBM and nine (9) with possible TBM were enrolled in this study. The result of this assay againts acid-fast bacili has the100% sensitivity, 64.1% specificity, 12.5% PPV, 100% NPV, LR(+) 2.78, LR(–)0 and 65.8% accuracy. The result of this assay againtsM. tuberculosis culture has the 83.3% sensitivity, 68.5% specificity, PPV 31.2%, NPV 96%, LR(+) 2.65, LR(–)0.24, accuracy 70.7% andprevalence ratio 7.8. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the validity of this assay againts acid-fast bacili has a high sensitivity,moderate specificity, low PPV, high NPV and moderate accuracy. The result of this assay againts M. tuberculosis culture has a moderatesensitivity and specificity, low PPV, high NPV and moderate accuracy.
PERBANDINGAN NILAI DIAGNOSTIK IGE SPESIFIK TUNGAU DEBU RUMAH, METODE ELISA DAN IMUNOBLOT PADA RINITIS ALERGI
Authors: Habsari Janti Tri , Aryati Aryati , Pawarti Dwi Reno
Published: October 2018

The detection of allergen types is very helpful in allergic rhinitis (AR) management. Some methods had been performed to examinethe specific IgE due to HDM such as ELISA and immunoblot methods. The aim of this research is to know the difference of specificIgE diagnostic value due to HDM between ELISA and immunoblot in allergic rhinitis method which is expected to be used as in vitroalternative method which is safe, fast, effective, with a high sensitivity and specificity by provement. The samples were allergic rhinitisand non-allergic rhinitis patients at ENT of Head and Neck Out patients Clinic of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. The sera was examinedfor specific IgE due to HDM by ELISA and immunoblot methods and then analyzed for its diagnostic value using the 2 x 2 table with a95% confidence interval. The comparation between both methods were analyzed with Wilcoxon test. The diagnostic value of the specificHDM IgE with immunoblot method showed sensitivity of 90% and 80% specificity, positive predictive value 90% and the negative 80%and diagnostic efficiency 86.67%. The positive likelihood ratio 4.5 and the negative one 0.125. The diagnostic value of the specific IgEHDM/D.p with ELISA showed a sensitivity of 75% and specificity 75%, the positive predictive value 85.71% and the negative one 0%and diagnostic efficiency 75%. The positive likelihood ratio was 3 and the negative one 0.33. The diagnostic value of the specific IgEHDM with immunoblot showed a sensitivity of 90% and specificity 80%, the positive predictive value 90% and the negative one 80%and the diagnostic efficiency 86.67%. The positive likelihood ratio was 4.5 and the negative one 0.125. The difference of diagnostic valuein both methods revealed that the p value was 0.013. It can be concluded in this study that there was a significant difference of specificIgE due to HDM between ELISA and immunoblot methods in allergic rhinitis.
RDW, JUMLAH TROMBOSIT DAN RPR DENGAN INDEKS FIB-4 DI HEPATITIS C
Authors: Yulianti Yenny , Rachmawati Banundari
Published: October 2018

Hepatitis C virus infection is one of the main causes of worldwide chronic liver disease. The determining of fibrosis level in the liverdisease is essential. The red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a potential prognostic index for liver disease. The platelet (PLT)count has been used as the biomarker for liver fibrosis. RDW to platelet ratio (RPR) is devised to amplify the difference in the RDW andplatelets among patients with different liver fibrosis stages. Fibrosis 4 (FIB-4) indexes are accurate non-invasive methods to predict thelevel of liver fibrosis of HCV-monoinfected patients. The objective of this study is to know the correlation of RDW, PLT count, and RPR withFIB-4 index in hepatitis C patients by analyzing them. The study was carried out observationally with cross sectional approach betweenFebruaryâˆ’March 2015 at the Dr. Kariadi Hospital, on samples collected consecutively from the medical records of hepatitis C patients.The data processing was performed with Pearson/Spearman correlation. There was a strong positive correlation between RDW and FIB-4index (r=0.624; p=0.000) and between RPR with FIB-4 index (r=0.674; p=0.000), while there was a strong negative correlationbetween PLT count and FIB-4 index (r=-0.600; p=0.000). From this study it can be concluded that there was an increased RDW and RPRresulting in a higher FIB-4 index. There was also found a decreased PLT resulting from higher FIB-4 index .The opinion of the researchersis that further studies for prospective multicentres are needed to be carried out, so that the results can be more generalized.
RANCANGAN PRIMER SPESIFIK GEN MACROPHAGE MANNOSE RECEPTOR (MMR) UNTUK POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) DAN SEKUENSING DEOXYRIBO NUCLEIC ACID (DNA)
Authors: Triyani Yani , Nafsi Nurizzatun , Yuniarti Lelly , Sekarwana Nanan , Sutedja Endang , Gurnida Dida Ahmad , Parwati Ida , Alisjahbana Bachti
Published: October 2018

The order (sequencing) determinationof DeoxyribonucleicAcid (DNA) bases is the gene's most basic information, using the methodof Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) as its stage. A key factor of successful detection by PCR is specific PCR primer design choice. Thedetection of diversity of Mycobacterium Mannose Receptor (MMR) gene, responsible for recognizing mannosylated antigen structureof Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) by DNA sequencing of exon 7 chromosome 10p12, related to susceptiblity for PulmonaryTuberculosis(TB), was first performed in China in 2012. The purpose of this study was to find specific primerfromboth design originatedfrom the research in China/primer I and my own design/primer IIby using Primer3 software. This study was based on 10 healthy subjectsand was a preliminary study of a research titled. The Relationship of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of Macrophage MannoseReceptor Gene to Pulmonary Tuberculosis Cases. The examination materials consist of 3 mL of EDTA blood and DNA extraction from itsbuffy coat. The resulting DNA was processed by PCR to amplify MMR gene with primer I and II. The primer I successfully amplified DNAfragments up to 780bp while primer II only 329 bp. The MMR gene DNA sequencing analysis was performed on the amplification resultof both kinds primers by using DNA Baser and Ensemblâˆ’BLAST software. The results were different, DNA sequencing result by using theprimer I was found in several chromosomes and also in several loci. Whereas, by using the primer II, it was only found in chromosome10 and in the same locus. Based on this study, it can be concluded that the specific primer design is one of the most important factorsin the success of DNA sequencing.
ANALISIS KING'S SCORE DI PENYAKIT HATI KRONIS BERDASARKAN FIBROSCAN
Authors: Wira Wira , Lopa Amaliyah T. , Samad Ibrahim Abdul
Published: October 2018

Chronic liver disease is a commonly found disease in Indonesia and remains a serious health problem. Chronic liver disease oftenprogresses to hepatic cirrhosis or hepatoma initiated by fibrotic process in liver. Liver biopsy result is a gold standard in determining theliver fibrosis degree, but it has some limitations. King's Score is a non-invasive method that uses routine laboratory predictors relatedto liver fibrosis. Therefore, it is necessary to know the diagnostic value of King's Score in determining the fibrosis degree of liver chronicdisease by using fibro scan as the gold standard in stead of biopsy. This study was a retrospective study with data collected from themedical records from the Medical Record Installation at the Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo General Hospital between January 2011 up toDecember 2013. The study results derived from 99 samples with Spearman correlation test showed a significant relationship between theKing's Score and fibrosis degree of chronic liver disease (p=0.000 and r=0.651). The analysis of the receiver operating characteristics(ROC) indicated that in mild and moderate fibrosis the AUC value was too weak, whereas in heavy fibrosis the AUC value was 0.860,which was statistically very strong with a cut-off value of 7.15 and with a 80.6% sensitivity, and a 75.0% specificity, Positive PredictiveValue59.5%, Negative Predictive Value 89.5%. This meant that the King's Score value of >7.15 could be used as a heavy fibrosis degreepredictor in chronic liver patients. Further studies are needed to analyze the King's Score based on chronic liver disease etiology and usea liver biopsy as the gold standard in determining the degree of liver fibrosis.
KETOASIDOSIS DIABETIK DI DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 1
Authors: Ridwan Zuhrinah , Bahrun Uleng , R Ruland DN Pakasi
Published: October 2018

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DMT1) is an autoimmune disease characterized by impaired carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolismresulting in insulin deficiency either absolute or relative. The absolute insulin deficiency found in DMT1, is caused by a defect in thepancreatic íŸ cells leading to a defect in insulin synthesis by the pancreas gland. In this article, a case of type 1 DM in a child withketoacidosis diabetes has been reported. The diagnosis was based on classical symptoms, blood glucose level, C-peptide, metabolic acidosisand keton uria. The case reported is a 12 year old girl, with main complaints of 9 kg body weight loss since three (3) years ago. Thepatient always felt hungry, thirsty and was frequently urinating. In her family history no such case was denied. The patient had beentreated in the district general hospitals for five (5) days and was diagnosed as type 1 diabetes mellitus and was then referred to the Dr.Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital. The laboratory test results revealed as follows, random glucose level was 729 mg/dL, arterial blood gasanalysis showed metabolic acidosis, C-peptide was 0.1 ng/mL and urinalysis showed 150 mg/dL protein, 1000 mg/dL glucose, 150 mg/dL ketone and 250 RBC/uL. The patient was diagnosed as type 1 diabetes mellitus with diabetic ketoacidosis and received 0.5 U/kg/dayinsulin therapy. This case report aimed to determine the type 1 diabetes mellitus in a child is accompanied by diabetic ketoacidosis.
ERROR RATE OF DISC DIFFUSION METHOD IN CEFTAZIDIME/ CEFOTAXIME SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST ON CLINICAL ISOLATES OF KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE (Laju Kesalahan Uji Kepekaan Ceftazidim/Cefotaxime Metode Difusi Cakram pada Klebsiella pneumoniae)
Authors: GBW Luz Maria , Sianipar Osman , Sukorini Usi
Published: October 2018

Klebsiella pneumoniae merupakan salah satu bakteri Gram negatif yang banyak menimbulkan infeksi nosokomial. Difusi cakrammerupakan satu metode uji kepekaan antimikrobia yang banyak digunakan di laboratorium klinik yang juga dapat dipakai untuk menyaringK.pneumoniae penghasil enzim Extended-Spectrum Î²-Lactamase (ESBL). Antimikrobia pilihan untuk infeksi ini adalah cephalosporin generasiketiga (ceftazidime dan ceftotaxime). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui laju kesalahan uji kepekaan ceftazidime/cefotaxime metodedifusi cakram di isolat klinis K.peumoniae. Penelitian ini merupakan kajian potong lintang yang melibatkan 53 isolat klinis K.pneumoniae.Uji kepekaan ceftazidime/cefotaxime di isolat klinis K.pneumonia dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi cakram dan uji E sebagai rujukan.Hasil memeriksa dilaporkan dalam bentuk kepekaan, intermediate dan resistensi untuk setiap obat, dianalis untuk mengetahui laju kesalahan(minor error, major error dan very major error). Isolat klinis terbanyak berasal dari darah, air kemih dan nanah, berturut-turut 32,1%, 32,1%dan 18,9%. Sebagian besar isolat didapat dari ruang perawatan non-intensif (86,8%). Minor error uji kepekaan ceftazidime/cefotaximemetode difusi cakram berturut-turut 7,55% dan 1,89%, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode difusi cakram uji kepekaan ceftazidime/cefotaxime dapat digunakan dalam uji kepekaan terhadap isolat klinik K.pneumoniae.
FACTORS IN ACUTE TRANSFUSION REACTION (Faktor Reaksi Transfusi Darah Akut)
Authors: Payung Wiwi , A.M Rachmawati , Arif Mansyur
Published: October 2018

Data kejadian reaksi transfusi darah akut di Indonesia khususnya di Sulawesi Selatan belum pernah dilaporkan. Pencatatan danpelaporan tentang kejadian reaksi transfusi darah akut di RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar baru terlaksana mulai bulanJanuari 2014. Begitu pun dengan faktor yang mungkin berpengaruh terhadap kejadian reaksi transfusi darah akut belum pernahditeliti sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian reaksi transfusi darah akut.Rancangan penelitian adalah kajian potong lintang. Sampel sebanyak 93 subjek, masa waktu antara bulan Januari–Juni 2014 di RSUPDr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. Variabel yang diteliti antara lain diagnosis, riwayat transfusi darah sebelumnya, komponen darahyang ditransfusikan dan golongan darah. Metode menghitung yang digunakan adalah diskriptif dan analitik. Metode mendiskriptifkandilakukan dengan perhitungan sebaran kekerapan. Metode menganalitik dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji Chi Kuadrat dan MultipleLogistic Regression. Pasien yang mengalami reaksi transfusi darah akut ada 43 orang. Faktor yang berpengaruh adalah diagnosisp=0,765, riwayat transfusi darah sebelumnya p=0,563, komponen darah yang ditransfusikan p=0,046, golongan darah p=0,018.Berdasarkan kajian ini dapat disimpulkan, bahwa golongan darah merupakan faktor kebahayaan utama reaksi transfusi darah akut.Yaitu golongan darah O berkebahayaan 2,7 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami reaksi transfusi darah akut dibandingkan dengan golongandarah yang bukan.