bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Farmers-Herders Conflict and Nigeria’s Quest for Food Security: The Imperative Need for Information Communications Technology
Authors: Akinrinde Olawale Olufemi , Osuwa Abdullahi Abdullazeez , Olawoyin Kayode Wakili
Published: December 2021

Although, Nigeria is chiefly known for its oil and gas production, agriculture employs about 70 per cent of its labour force. Nigeria has experienced severe farmers-herders conflict that has negatively influenced her agricultural production capacity, resulting in severe food insecurity. Tensions have grown over the past decades, with increasingly violent flare-ups between the farmers and the herdsmen spreading across the entire country. In recent times, many scholarly studies and inquiries on the impact of Information Communications Technology, particularly with respect to promoting food security in Nigeria, have been engendered mainly by the need to ensure greater agricultural outputs among farmers and other agriculturists. However, only scanty attention had been devoted to the need to understand the imperativeness of the use of Information Communications Technology in the quest to proffer solutions to the incessant farmers-herdsmen conflicts that have also contributed to the unpalatable state of food security in Nigeria. The study adopts Karl Marx’s Conflict Theory as a framework of analysis and qualitative date elicited through content analysis of desktop date. Hinging on this theory, this study contends that the farmers-herdsmen conflict is inevitable like every other conflict due to the competition for limited land resources. The study however found out that why the farmers-herdsmen conflict has persisted, among many other factors, was due to the failure of relevant stakeholders to leverage on the possibilities of Information Communications Technology to address the technological gap in the conflict. While further findings suggest that the principal causes and aggravating factors behind the escalating conflict are climatic changes; population growth; technological and economic changes; crime; political and ethnic strife; and cultural changes, the lack of use of Information Communications Technology in the areas of educating both the farmers and herders, awareness creation, crime reporting and conflicts resolution further compounds the farmers-herdsmen conflicts. This study recommends the need for proper and improved use of I.C.T. in the processes to address the farmers-herdsmen conflicts.
CHEMICAL CONTROL OF PEACHES FROM CLASTEROSPORIOSIS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Boyjigitov Fozil Mukhammadievich
Published: December 2021

Peach varieties Istikbol and Gulnoz were found to be resistant to clasterosporiosis. The incidence rate ranged from 13.0 to 45.0%, with the severity of the disease from 8.0 to 22.7%. In the fight against clasterosporiosis, the chemical method is considered the most effective. For chemical protection, it is recommended early spring triple treatment of trees in the following terms: 1 - before the buds swell; 2 - after blooming of trees; 3 - two weeks after blooming, with one of the following fungicides: Skor 250 EC (normally 0.02% suspension), Kresoxin 50% WDG. (0.02%), Topsin-M 70% WP (0.1%) and Falcon 46% EC (0.05%) against peach clasterosporiosis.
KEYWORDS: peach, fungus, disease, clasterosporiosis, fungicide, efficiency, productivity
FACTORS RELATED TO NURSE’S RESPONSE TIME IN HANDLING OF EMERGENCY PATIENTS
Authors: Jamal Andi Syamsul Bachri , Suartini Desak Nyoman , Budi Anas
Published: December 2021

Background: In emergency care, the most important thing to note is the speed of nurses in responding or acting on the first patient who enters the emergency room. This speed is often referred to as response time. Nurse response time is always a measure of the service quality of a hospital or health center. Response times depend on the speed available as well as the quality of assistance to save lives/prevent disability.

Objectives: The study aimed to determine the factors related to the response time of nurses in the handling of emergency patients at Lagaligo I Hospital, East Luwu.

Methods: Carrying out the research is from June to August 2020. Analytical survey design with a cross-sectional approach. The research subjects were 24 nurses. measuring tools, namely questionnaires. analysis used bivariate analysis used the Chi-Square Test.

Results: This shows that there is a relationship between education and response time with a value of p-value = .013, knowledge and response time with a value of p-value = .001, the length of work and response time with a value of p-value = .000, and training and response time with p-value = .006.

Conclusion: The education level of health workers is getting higher. Of course, knowledge and experience also increase, on average they are in their work longer so they are more productive and nurses have attended several pieces of training to improve their competencies.
USE OF THE BMP SYSTEM FOR BLOCKING OF DANGEROUS ENERGIES DURING REALIZATION OF WORKS FROM REPAIR AND MAINTENANCE OF TECHNIQUE
Authors: Maistrenko V. , Volodchenkova N. , Tokar O.
Published: December 2021

Creating healthy and safe working conditions is the main task of the employer when performing high-risk work. Practice shows that the cause of accidents during the repair and maintenance of equipment are uncoordinated and erroneous actions of staff, resulting in incorrect supply of hazardous energy to the installation where people work. In order to prevent injuries at metallurgical enterprises there is a need to revise and modernize the existing approach to control the supply of hazardous energy during repairs, improve the current labeling system of access to repairs of technological equipment based on the experience of advanced world technologies. Audit). The BMP system is used to perform maintenance and repair of equipment, as well as any other cases where personnel need to enter the danger zone, and includes not only the actual process of blocking and marking, but also all other activities: documentation, organization of storage and issuance of BMP devices, training and testing of personnel knowledge According to the analysis, the current tag system at the metallurgical enterprises of Ukraine is inferior in efficiency to the BMP system, which allows you to almost completely eliminate the risks associated with the human factor in the repair and maintenance of equipment. The foreign experience of using hazardous energy blocking and labeling systems and the existing legal framework on this issue in Ukraine are analyzed. According to the results of research, the basic principles of using the BMP system at the enterprises of the metallurgical industry are established. The sequence of BMP procedure implementation is offered. The information on the basis of which the BMP map is formed is considered in detail. An important stage in the formation of this map is the assessment of industrial risks of exposure to hazardous energies in the process of repair and maintenance of equipment. The direction of further research on the implementation of the BMP system and the legalization of the BMP standard at the state level is substantiated.
A Weaponized Court of Justice in Schrems II
Authors: Atik Jeffery , Groussot Xavier
Published: December 2021

The U.S.-EU conflict over the application of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) to U.S.-based digital platform companies is marked by a startling legal development: the insertion of a constitutional court squarely into the heart of the dispute. The engagement of the EU’s top court - the Court of Justice (CJEU) - in the Schrems I and Schrems II cases - has significantly inflamed the dispute. The CJEU has now twice struck down GDPR accommodations reached between the United States and the European Union. In doing so, the Court has rebuked both U.S. and EU officials. By transfiguring provisions of the GDPR with constitutional (that is, treaty-based) and human rights values, the Court has placed out of reach any accommodation that does not involve significant reform of U.S. privacy and national security provisions. Heated trans-Atlantic disputes involving assertions of extraterritorial extensions of regulatory power is an inappropriate place for a constitutional court like the CJEU to throw its declarative weight around.
Lower Instance National Courts and Tribunals in Member States and Their Judicial Dialogue with the Court of Justice of the European Union
Authors: Butler Graham
Published: December 2021

The vast majority of cases that are submitted to the Court of Justice of the European Union (the Court) through the preliminary reference procedure that is contained in Article 267 TFEU come from lower instance national courts and tribunals in EU Member States. As a result, it is not always appellate courts, or higher instance national courts and tribunals, such as courts of final appeal, which make orders for reference. Judicial dialogue between national courts and the Court through this Article 267 TFEU procedure is notable for its particular quality of it being open to receiving orders for reference, for an interpretation of EU law from national courts and tribunals – of any instance – from first instance, to final instance. But can this judicial dialogue between lower instance national courts and tribunals and the Court be impeded by national courts’ more senior national Brethren, with appeals being allowed against orders for reference within national legal orders? The case law of the Court on such an issue has been progressive, in that it developed slowly over time, and the Court, by 2021, becoming increasingly assertive. As will be analysed in this article, the Court’s approach to the arising issue has clearly been an attempt to balance the interests of judicial dialogue on the one hand, and national rules on the other. Yet, with the Court’s broader case law tightening the understanding of who constitutes the European judiciary, and ensuring that all national courts and tribunals remain independent from executive interference in EU Member States, the article commends recent developments, but makes the further plea for an affirmative judgment of the Court to not permit, as a matter of EU law, appeals against orders for reference made by lower instance national courts and tribunals in EU Member States, in the name of preserving judicial dialogue through the preliminary reference procedure.
A Reality Check of the Schrems Saga
Authors: G. Granmar Claes
Published: December 2021

From an enforcement point of view, the revocation of the European Commission’s two adequacy decisions on the federal US system of data protection raises many questions regarding the interrelations between the EU data protection regime and the Union’s legal frameworks for data ‘transfers’. Whereas data uploaded in the Union was once upon a time wired over the Atlantic to be downloaded in the US and vice versa, data packets are nowadays often exchanged over various radio spectra. As online resources around the world can be used to store data, and the data is made available and retrieved from domains rather than ‘exported’ and ‘imported’, the idea that the EU data protection regime would no longer apply when data is ‘transferred’ from the Union easily leads astray. In fact, the location of data or data processing equipment is irrelevant for the applicability of EU law as its territorial scope is determined by the location of the data subjects or undertakings concerned. Whereas the EU legislation applies with regard to legal entities overseas with affiliated undertakings in the Union, the Union seeks to guarantee the EU data subjects an adequate level of protection also in cases of onward transfers of data to non-affiliated organisations and unwarranted interceptions. Furthermore, the European Commission promotes a level of protection in non-EU Member States that is essentially equivalent to that enjoyed under the EU data protection regime since the authorities and courts may refrain from applying EU law pursuant to private international law. However, the Cases which resulted in the revocation of the two adequacy decisions concerned an Austrian citizen filing complaints against an undertaking established in Ireland and its US parent company. Hence, it must be called into question whether the EU data protection regime should at all have been substituted by the US system irrespective of whether it provided an adequate level of data protection. An argument could be made that the adequacy decisions applied beyond the substantive scope of EU law, but that brings questions to fore about the competence of the Union to adopt such decisions. In addition, the procedural system introduced in the first Case regarding Mr. Schrems is rather problematic as it requires national authorities and courts to assess the validity of adequacy decisions. Besides the distortion of the right for national courts to request preliminary rulings into an obligation to do so, most data subject are reluctant to get involved in disputes about the entire legal regime. In many instances, the data subject may rather rely on her or his procedural rights as a consumer. In this article, a systematic analysis of these aspects of the EU privacy safeguards is provided.
EU Data Protection and the Principle of Proportionality
Authors: Herlin-Karnell Ester
Published: December 2021

This paper explores the principle of proportionality in the context of EU data protection. The paper starts by setting out the basics of EU data protection at the EU level and explains why it is so interesting in the context of proportionality. The paper will briefly set out some of the main debate on proportionality before looking at some recent EU cases on data protection where the principle of proportionality has played a key role. The final part of the paper uses the Swedish derogations from the GDPR as a test case of a lack of proportionality.
PENGARUH HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SAAT PEMBELAJARAN DARING TERHADAP KECEMASAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Derin
Published: December 2021

Riset ini di lakukan untuk melihat pengaruh hasil belajar matematika saat pembelajaran daring terhadap kecemasan matematika. jenis penelitiannya adalah kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan 30 siswa SD Negeri 192 pekanbaru. Data diperoleh dengan  soal hasil belajar serta angket kecemasan matematis yang terdiri dari 4 construct, yaitu: 1) inisiatif dalam belajar, 2) percaya diri, 3) tanggung jawab, 4) pemecahan masalah, cronbach alpha sebesar 0,955.  Data dianalisis menggunakan spss versi 26.00. hasil akhir di temukan bahwa Tidak berpengaruh diantra kecemasan matematika terhadap hasil belajar siswa saat pelajaran dari mateamatika yang dilakukan secara daring, dan pengaruhnya positif sebesar 0,7%
PENGARUH MODERNISASI TERHADAP PERILAKU SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Andriyani Yunita , Husein Arifin Muh. , Wahyuningsih Yona
Published: December 2021

Modernization is an event that cannot be avoided by all countries in the world, especially Indonesia as a developing country. Modernization can occur in the world of education. Modernization is able to provide influence and impact on students if it is not monitored optimally by educators. The phenomenon of modernization can make elementary school students have an active, innovative and visionary mindset. But the phenomenon of modernization can also result in changes in the behavior of elementary school students, so it is feared that it will eliminate the noble character they have. This article discusses the impact and effects of modernization on the behavior of elementary school students. Furthermore, it will be discussed about the role of the teacher to minimize the negative impact of modernization which can endanger the character formation of elementary school students.
PENGARUH PSIKOLOGIS SELAMA WFH TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA PUSTAKAWAN DI LINGKUNGAN PDDI-LIPI
Authors: Rachmawati Rulina , Royani Yupi
Published: December 2021

Purpose. This study aims to determine the psychological effects during WFH on librarians’ productivity in the Center for Scientific Data and Documentation (PDDI LIPI). Method. The study began by analyzing the demographic characteristics of librarians, librarians’ psychological condition, and librarians’ productivity during WFH. The study used a quantitative method with questionnaires using a Likert scale. The population data were all PDDI librarians who work in Bogor, Cibinong, Jakarta, Serpong and Bandung. The questionnaires were distributed via Google Form to 45 respondents selected by purposive sampling. In order to find out more about the respondent's response to the research topic and questionnaire questions, semi-structured interviews with 5 respondents from each level of librarian position were also conducted. Questionnaire data were analyzed in descriptive statistics, and the correlation between psychological effects during WFH on librarians’ productivity was analyzed using SPSS software and simple linear regression equation. Results and Discussion. The results of the study on librarians’ psychology during WFH suggests that communication and social interaction via online media helps reduce loneliness and facilitate coordination in completing work targets. During WFH, librarians have sufficient time to rest, as a result they do not experience sleep disturbances or feel tired from their daily routine. Sports and hobbies are beneficial for their mental health. Regarding the productivity of LIPI librarians during WFH, most librarians are motivated, comfortable with the workplace they have, able to make structured planning activities, do not have trouble during WFH, and able to achieve the quality work targets. Overall, there is a positive influence between the psychological effects during WFH and the productivity of LIPI librarians even though the correlation between the two is weak. This suggests that there are other factors that affect librarians’ productivity apart from psychological conditions during WFH. In order to maintain the psychological condition and productivity of LIPI librarians during WFH, the policy should be followed up with regular communication and monitoring from management to subordinates to control the librarians’ work targets. Psychological support such as trust from the leaders is necessary as it greatly controls the effectiveness of working remotely and the balance between work and personal life of the librarians.
MONITORING DAN EVALUASI TAMAN BACAAN MASYARAKAT DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Nurhayati Muthia , S. Tata Takwana , Tohamansur Dadan
Published: December 2021

Keberadaan TBM sebagai sarana pendidikan non formal belajar sepanjang hayat sangat penting, melalui TBM dapat dilakukan hal yang sederhana namun strategis seperti upaya menumbuhkan minat baca bagi anak ataupun kegiatan yang menambah keterampilan bagi para ibu rumah tangga, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat di sekitarnya. Tujuan kajian ini untuk mengetahui kondisi TBM yang ada di kota Bandung berdasarkan data TBM yang dimiliki Disarpus Kota Bandung. Metode yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dimana pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui kegiatan monitoring dan evaluasi terhadap 36 TBM yang ada di Kota Bandung pada tahun 2019. Perbandingan data TBM antara Kemdikbud dan Disarpus Kota Bandung menunjukkan ada dua nama TBM yang sama yaitu Sukamulya Cerdas dan Eco Bambu. Hasil kajian menunjukkan dari data 36 TBM yang ada di Kota Bandung, 13 masih aktif, sedangkan 23 sudah tidak aktif. Lokasi TBM yang aktif tersebar di 10 kecamatan dengan Kecamatan Cidadap yang terdapat TBM paling banyak yaitu 4. Koleksi yang dimiliki TBM pada umumnya adalah komik, majalah, novel, buku anak, buku iptek dan buku umum. Dari 23 TBM yang sudah tidak aktif dapat dikategorisasikan sebagai berikut: 19 TBM telah berubah peruntukan menjadi tempat tinggal, toko, rumah makan, masjid, sekolah, dan bengkel motor; 2 karena pengelola pindah; dan 2 tidak ditemukan. Saran untuk kajian selanjutnya adalah monitoring dan evaluasi ke TBM berdasarkan data Kemdikbud yang tidak ada pada data Disarpus Kota Bandung yaitu sebanyak 29 TBM, dan seyogyanya Disarpus Kota Bandung berkoordinasi dengan beberapa pihak seperti Kemdikbud dikarenakan TBM berada di bawah pembinaan Kemdikbud dan Pokja Literasi Kota Bandung.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI WATTPAD TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN LITERASI PEMUSTAKA UPT PERPUSTAKAAN UIN RADEN FATAH PALEMBANG
Authors: Damayanti Imelda Putri , Santoso Budhi , Herlina Herlina
Published: December 2021

This study discusses influence of the use of Wattpad application on literacy ability improvement of UIN Raden Fatah Palembang library users. The purpose of this study is to find out what is the influence of the use of Wattpad application on literacy skill improvement of UIN Raden Fatah Palembang library users. This research is of quantitative descriptive research. The population of this study was library visitor in August 2020 - August 2021. The sample in this study was determined using Slovin formula with an error rate of 10%, so the sample in this study was 100 users who were users of Wattpad application. The results of respondents' answers calculation indicate that the average total value of variable X can be categorized as high because it was on an interval scale of 3.4 - 4.2, which was 3.98. And the results of respondents' answers calculation show that the average total value of variable Y can be categorized as high because it was on a scale of 3.4 - 4.2, which was 3.84. And on the T test, it was found that there was a positive effect of using Wattpad application on literacy ability of UIN Raden Fatah Palembang library users with the results of the calculation of rcount 7.035 rtable 1.98447, which stated that there was an effect of using Wattpad application on literacy ability.
Asas Hukum Ekonomi Syariah: Menilik Praktik Perjanjian Lisan Pembuatan Batu Merah di Desa Kota Bangun
Authors: Baso Fatihani , Yaqub Andi , Kamaruddin Kamaruddin , Kurnia Yuniarni Ayu
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study are to discuss the causes of the emergence of the practice of unwritten agreements in Kota Bangun and to analyze unwritten agreements through the principles contained in the Sharia Economic Law Compilation. The author uses the type of field research and data collection techniques in the form of observation and interviews. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. Data analysis was carried out by data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the cause of the emergence of the practice of unwritten agreements in Kota Bangun were due to a high sense of trust, close relationships (known people/neighbours), compassion, mutual need and local community habits. The principles that are used to examine this case are based on the principles contained in the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law, which consists of 13 principles, namely the principle of endeavor (voluntarily), the principle of trust (keeping promises), the principle of Ikhtiyati (prudence), the principle of Luzum (not Change), the principle of mutual benefit, the principle of taswiyah (equality), the principle of transparency, the principle of ability, the principle of taysiir (convenience), the principle of good faith, the principle of halal causes, the principle of al-hurriyyah (freedom) and the principle of al-Kitabah (written).
Estado de arte del cultivo de papa para el consumo de papa prefrita congelada (PPFC) en el Ecuador.
Authors: Andrade Bolaños Hector Julio Gabriel Ortega;
Published: December 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo de revisión, fue analizar el estado de arte del cultivo de papa para el consumo de papa prefrita congelada (PPFC) en el Ecuador. Se hace un análisis de la diversidad genética, la superficie cultivada, la importancia económica, las importaciones y exportaciones, políticas del Estado, las estrategias para mejorar genéticamente el cultivo y finalmente se discute sobre los nuevos desafío y perspectivas del cultivo, ante las nuevas demandas, denotándose un gran potencial, particularmente como cultivo alternativo para las zonas de la Costa Ecuatoriana.
Does Work Interest and Preference Affect Workers’ Normative Commitment?
Authors: Umukoro Jones , Adediji Damola
Published: December 2021

The position that a dedicated and loyal worker is an asset and a resource component for business sustainability is germane. However, reports have shown that in Nigeria and most developing climes, the obligation by workers to stay and add value in their organization is as fragile as thin ice. Also, there is limited data analysis of skill needs to measure work interest and preference of workers in higher institutions. Thus, this paper determined if job-fit dimensions (work interest, work preference) affect workers’ normative commitment. By applying a cross-sectional survey research design, collated data from 377 regular non-academic staff from six selected private universities in Ogun State, Nigeria, was obtained through a multi-stage random sampling technique. The content, criterion, construct validity, and test-retest reliability tested the adapted questionnaire before administration. Multiple regression analysis results revealed that job-fit dimensions had a positive significant combined effect on workers’ normative commitment (R = 0.558, F (2, 374) = 84.622, Adj. R2 = 0.308, p < 0.05). Management and HR practitioners should be more conscious of the hiring process, promote independence and flexibility for workers' development, training, prospects for collaboration, and a sense of connectedness with the job as a measure of enhancing loyalty.
The Impact of Training & Development and Communication on Organizational Commitment on Bangladeshi Commercial Banks
Authors: Dipa Umme Kulsum , Nishat Taslin Mohona  , Dey Jayashree
Published: December 2021

Employees are the heart of an organization as they are the weapons that propel the organization towards its goal. However, to superintend and build them as competent, committed in the long run, it is challenging to experience supportive communication, fair bonding, and more clarity regarding the organization's goal and responsibility. Thus, this research intends to examine the impact of training & development and communication on organizational commitment based on the private bank employees of Bangladesh, especially on the Chattogram division.Through simple random sampling method, the questionnaire was sent to 200 bank employees and  a total of 153 responses were perfectly derived as the sample size (Krejcie & Morgan, 1970). The study is analyzed through quantitative analysis and were tested in the statistical software SPSS (version 22). The findings show the significant relationship of training & development and communication that are positively related to organizational commitment. The study suggests that commercial banks should introduce proper training & development measurements that will clarify work activities, objectives, and a supportive communication system that can defend critical issues and relationships in the organization.
Examining the Factors Impacting Consumer Online Purchasing Behavior During COVID-19 in Klang Valley
Authors: Chew Irene , Vincent Wee Eng Kim
Published: December 2021

The initial appearance of Covid-19 has changed the lives of billions of people in the world and has disrupted consumers purchasing behavior whether online or offline shopping.  The internet has given consumer empowerment where online shopping has been adopted by consumers globally. Customers can stay at home and shop with payment and get home delivery. This research aims to examine the factors impacting consumer online purchasing behavior in the retail business environment during Covid-19 in Klang Valley. This study focuses on five variables which are attitude, trustworthiness, security and safety, loyalty and marketing information and how these variables impact consumer online purchasing behavior during crisis period utilizing the Reasoned Action Approach Theory and Technology Acceptance Model Theory. The proposed research is designed based on quantitative model utilizing a questionnaire survey with a sample size of 405 online respondents.  The result can provide knowledge about consumer online purchasing behavior and all five variables are supporting the research findings especially marketing information on the website topping the list of the variables. Managerial and theoretical implications are important for businesses to adopt online channels and expand globally using the available technology especially social media channels.  The research presents several considerations towards consumer online purchasing behavior and future research should study other variables using different methodologies such as exploratory nature with interviews to understand the consumer behavior as consumer behave differently in different circumstances during pandemic.
The Nexus of Selected Macroeconomic Variables toward Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Ismail Noris Fatilla , Suraya Ismail
Published: December 2021

Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows are a major instrument of economic growth in developing countries. Indonesia is one of the developing countries that has received more FDI with macroeconomic stability. The macroeconomic stability indicator is seen as an important factor in driving economic growth and attracting FDI inflows in Indonesia. Therefore, this study examines the relationship of selected macroeconomic variables toward the FDI in Indonesia over the period 1980-2019. Using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL), the empirical results showed that market size, domestic investment, government spending and foreign exchange rate are key factors influencing long-run FDI inflows. However, financial development revealed no relationship with FDI inflows in Indonesia. Overall findings indicated that macroeconomic variables influence FDI inflows. These findings guided policymakers in formulating new policies to ensure macroeconomic indicators' stability in driving economic growth.
Christian Mangup: The Modern Source Base and the Main Stages of Its History
Authors: Naumenko Valery E. , Gertsen Aleksandr G. , Iozhitsa Darya V.
Published: December 2021

Throughout the entire period of the Middle Ages, the settlement of Mangup was one of the most important ideological centres for the spread of Christianity in the south-western Crimea. From the creation of the independent Gothic bishopric on, it housed the residence and the cathedral church of the hierarchs of Crimean Gothia. This is evidenced by numerous churches and monasteries discovered by many-year-long excavations of the site (27 in total). This paper is the first in the scholarship attempt of systematization of all available information from the sources related to the Christian history of the castle of Mangup, written, epigraphic, archaeological, and so on. Particular attention has been paid to the results of modern excavations of the church archaeology monuments at the settlement in question, carried out systematically in 2012–2021. They formed the basis for the reconstruction of the main stages of church building and the most important periods in the history of the local Christian community. Generally, it covers a wide period from the mid-sixth century, when a big basilica featuring the nave and two aisles, the future cathedral of the Gothic bishopric (metropolia), was built at Mangup along with the large Byzantine castle, and finished in the early seventeenth century. The construction and functioning of most part of known churches and monasteries of the castle of Mangup dates to the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, when this site finally developed into a large mediaeval city, the capital of the principality of Theodoro in the south-western Crimea.
Coin Alloys of Tauric Chersonese in the Period of Independence
Authors: Smekalova Tatiana N. , Demidenko Natalia L. , Gavriluk Andrey N.
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the results of X-ray fluorescence analysis of the composition of alloys of the two largest collections of coins of ancient Chersonese residing in the State Historical and Archaeological Museum Preserve of Tauric Chersonese and the Yevpatoria Regional Museum. In total, about a thousand coins studied, which, together with the 400 coins previously examined from the State Hermitage Museum, constitutes a solid basis for conclusions. The given paper analyses the data obtained for coins of Chersonese in the Period of Independence, that is from the emergence of local coinage in the early fourth century BC to the wars of Diophantos in the late second century BC. For the first time it has been determined that big dichalkoi were minted from a special coin alloy, two-component high-tin bronze, in the period of economic prosperity of Chersonese in the second half of the fourth and third centuries BC. These coins served as the financial basis for important transformations in the near and distant chora: the land division system of vineyards and territorial expansion of Chersonese into the north-western Taurica. Only in the third century BC, in the period of an unprecedented consolidation of land properties and the transformation of the wine production into a commodity industry, the minting of large silver coins of full metal value began probably for big financial deals and payments in international trade. The crisis in the minting of Chersonese in the late second century BC touched silver drachmae, the overwhelming majority of which were minted from a low-grade silver alloy with the copper comprising more than a third of the composition. Thus, full-weight coins turned to conditional money.
A Hoard of Silver Chersonesian Coins of 178–157 BC
Authors: Shonov Igor’ V.
Published: December 2021

This publication addresses the question of Chersonese’s entrance into the zone of influence of the Pontic Kingdom, according to the appearance of a new type of Chersonesian coins under the Pontic King Pharnakes I showing pro-Pontic iconography and the reverse image turned to the left. The conclusions shed light on a little-studied period in the history of Chersonese, which started from the peace treaty of 179 BC and lasted to the death of Pharnakes I (157 BC) with the subsequent assumption of power over Chersonese (156 BC) by the Syrian King Demetrios I Soter.
Issuing Cast Lead Coins in Byzantine Cherson: A Local Phenomenon or a Technological “Flaw”?
Authors: Alekseienko Nikolay A., , Antipenko Anna V.
Published: December 2021

Although the aspects of the production of Byzantine-Cherson cast coins and the technological nuances of their manufacture have been repeatedly studied in Russian scholarship, every time there appeared various hypotheses and assumptions, mostly remain highly debatable so far. For a long time, the lack or difficulties of access to the special equipment allowing the one to determine coin alloys allowed the researchers to draw conclusions about the coin material only against the background of some definitions from the scholarship and visual indicators. Among the disputable aspects is the casting of Cherson-Byzantine lead coins. In this connection, we have studied 30 specimens of coins by laboratory research of the alloy composition by X-ray fluorescent analysis. The samples selected for examination visually suggested a high content of lead. It has been found out that in the samples examined have similar elemental composition of coin alloy, lead with additions of arsenic. It is possible that, in the Byzantine Period, the Taurica received lead from the mines located in the Caucasus area, which were typical of a high content of arsenic. The most part of the of samples (27 specimens) contained more than 2/3 of lead; the alloy of three coins contained similar proportions of copper and lead. Taking the said results into account, we can suppose that the “almost pure” lead coins most likely were a specific kind of technological “flaw” in the casting in Cherson. It is still possible that, in the sorting of the ready-made coins, the specimens not corresponding to the standard samples and having casting defects (partial casting of the mould or lead casts) were withdrawn and returned to remaking. This interpretation explains why the so-called “lead” coins are relatively rare: they occurred mostly in the coinages from the age of Basil I and Leo VI, though in some series they were unique or unknown.
The Early Byzantine and Khazar Periods in the Evolution of the Towns on the Inner Mountain Ridge in the Crimea
Authors: Aibabin Alexander I.
Published: December 2021

From the large-scale archaeological researches of individual urban centres located on the Inner Mountain Ridge of the Crimea, atop of the plateaus of Mangup, Eski-Kermen, and Bakla, there are enough reasons to identify and reconstruct the Early Byzantine and Khazar Periods in the evolution of these towns. The analysis of written sources and materials of archaeological excavations allows the one to substantiate the chronology of the two initial periods in the history of the evolution of the towns located on the Inner Mountain Ridge as: 1 – Early Byzantine, from 582 AD to the early eighth century; 2 – Khazar, from the early eighth century to 841 AD. In the early sixth century, there was the only oppidum or civitatium Dory known in the region in question. Obviously, its fortifications were built by the Goths living atop of the plateau of Mangup from the mid-third century on. In the Early Byzantine Period, in the late sixth century, when the region of Dory was incorporated into the Empire’s borderland province, military engineers realised the state-sponsored program and constructed fortifications and a church in the castle (κάστρον) of Δόροϛ and fortified towns of various types (πόλισμα) atop of the mountains of Eski-Kermen and Bakla. Although the engineers immediately planned and constructed fortifications, access roads, gates, sally ports, a church, streets, and other objects on a greater part of the uninhabited plateau of Eski-Kermen, only the citadel was built on the already inhabited terrace of the plateau of Bakla. In the Khazar Period, Δόροϛ kept the status of the capital of Gothia and the bishop’s see. At Eski-Kermen there probably was an archon supervising the building of the town according to a single plan, while at Bakla there appeared suburban area covered by residential houses. The archontes of the towns located atop of Eski-Kermen and Bakla were civil and church governors of the klimata, just as their predecessors had done earlier.
From the History of the Studies of the “Cave Town” of Kachi-Kal’on in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
Authors: Abramova Natalia A.
Published: December 2021

The “cave towns” are located atop of table mountains built of limestone, or in rocky limestone precipices, within a small section of the Inner Range of the Crimean Mountains in the south-western Crimea. Among a very few written sources on the history of mediaeval Crimea there are mostly narratives, so thorough archaeological study of the sites is essential. Only the analysis of the data obtained by archaeology will shed light on the history of the creation, development, and decline of these enigmatic cave structures. This paper addresses the history of the study of the “cave town” of Kachi-Kal’on. This site is located in the Bakhchisarai District (Republic of the Crimea). Although the travelogues from the eighteenth to the early twentieth century regularly mentioned Kachi-Kal’on, the first archaeological studies of the site were carried out only in 1930. The excavations were conducted at a small square on the promontory in front of the fourth grotto of Kachi-Kal’on, where fortifications of the fortress were allegedly located. The excavations were carried out by the Eski-Kermen Expedition of the State Academy of the History of the Material Culture under the supervision of N. I. Repnikov. In the early autumn 1933, the archaeological researches at Kachi-Kal’on continued by the same expedition. Apart from the investigations in the territory of the ancient town where the cultural layer was disturbed, a great work was done to study and describe the whole site. This paper analyses the circumstances of the said researches of the site and examines the results of these works. The origin and functional purpose of the “cave town” is still disputable. The paper is the first to publish the photographs from the collections of the Institute of the History of the Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Assessment of the effectiveness of the use of tumoroids for personalized drug therapies for solid tumors
Authors: Danilova Anna , Nekhaeva Tatiana , Efremova Natalia , Novik Aleksei , Zozulia Anton , Gafton Georgii , Baldueva Irina
Published: December 2021

The approach to the management of cancerous neoplasms, which aims to define the effective curative strategies in each patient, defines the requirement for the elaboration and use of modelling systems that replicate the structures and the biology of human solitary tumors. Three-dimensional cultures of spheroids/tumoroids, which are multi-cell aggregates of malignized cells, can create the intercellular connections of interest, gradients of the nutrients and oxygen, and cell polarity, all of which are absent in the conventional two-dimensional single-layer system.
The present work is dedicated to a comparison study of in vitro viability and invasiveness of solid tumor cells of patients under the effect of chemopreparations and their combinations in view of evaluating the efficacy of the 3D-cell modelling system in the translational personalized medicine context.
Cell cultures of patients who were treated at the N.N. Petrov National Medicine Research Center of oncology were used as a basis for the development of 3D-cell models. N.N. Petrov NMRC in 2015-2021. Tumor tissue pieces were acquired intraoperatively: 1 - leiomyosarcoma (LMS), 1 - rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), 1 - synovial sarcoma (SS), 2 - myxofibrosarcoma (MFS), 2 - osteogenic sarcoma (OS), 1 - skin melanoma (MC), 1 - breast cancer (BC) (n=9).
Our individual comparison of the effectiveness of in vitro chemotherapeutic agents against tumor cells of various origins cultivated in 2D and 3D model systems with real clinically relevant cases confirmed that the monolayer culture as the test system was less adequate for selecting and personalizing the treatment of malignant tumor patients: the 3D cell system proved itself in 77.7% of cases, and the monolayer culture - in 44.4% of cases. The combination of doxorubicin/iforsfamide and paclitaxel significantly suppressed the motility in the matrigel of spheroid cells, but did not affect tumor cell viability, which was seen in all but OS #921 and MK #929 cases.
The cultivation of tumor cells in form of spheroids/tumoroids allows to utilize them as more adequate pre-clinical model as individual predictive test-system, enabling the personalized selection of therapy.
Clinical case of angiosarcoma of pericardium and pleura
Authors: Zakharian Elena , Sobinov Dmitriy , Balamutova Anastasiya , Litvinov Denis
Published: December 2021

Primary heart tumors are an extremely rare pathology, previously detected only by autopsy data and detected in 0.001%-0.03% of cases. Primary angiosarcomas of the pericardium are even more rare and are presented in the literature with isolated descriptions. The article describes a clinical case of epithelioid angiosarcoma of the pericardium and pleura of high malignancy in a 57-year-old man. The diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical examination and positron emission tomography. For today, chemotherapeutic treatment of angiosarcomas localized in the chest cavity is a palliative treatment method. In this patient, the most effective scheme was the one containing anthracyclines (doxorubicin). Despite the ongoing therapy, the patient died 15 months after the diagnosis was made, with increasing signs of respiratory and heart failure. Thus, when patients, especially young and middle-aged men, show signs of hydropericardium without established etiological prerequisites, it is necessary to remember about the possibility of developing a primary malignant tumor of the heart and / or pericardium as the cause of this condition and include it in the standard diagnostic search.
ПРО НАУКОВУ ТА НАУКОВО-ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНУ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ІНСТИТУТУ ПСИХОЛОГІЇ ІМЕНІ Г.С. КОСТЮКА НАПН УКРАЇНИ У 2017-2021 РОКАХ
Authors: Maksymenko Serhii
Published: December 2021

Інститут психології імені Г.С. Костюка НАПН України спрямовує свою науково-дослідну й науково-організаційну роботу на осмислення реалій і викликів сьогодення, трансформаційних процесів у суспільстві та освіті, зміцнення зв’язку досліджень з освітньою практикою, на задоволення зрослих суспільних запитів і потреб у глибокому пізнанні психологічних закономірностей розвитку особистості, психологічного супроводу освітніх та суспільних процесів. Дослідження цієї проблематики відкриває шляхи до поєднання теоретичних здобутків психології із соціальними запитами на модернізацію системи освіти в контексті нових суспільних реалій з метою побудови системи організації психологічної підтримки особистісного розвитку.
Oral production skills and pronunciation improvement in MOOCs for migrants and refugees: an unavoidable challenge
Authors: Marrero-Aguiar Victoria
Published: December 2021

This article is focused on the challenges posed by the development of oral production skills (speaking, pronunciation) in a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC), a resource that is totally conditioned by the technologies and has very limited posibilities for individual adaptation. First of all, the difficulties that this goal poses are reviewed and confronted with some successful precedents that show how to deal with those challenges. Next, we present a case study in which some strategies and resources have been used to develop oral skills and improve pronunciation in technologically mediated environments, an Spanish L-MOOC for migrants and refugees, absolute beginners, developed at UNED (Spain).
Limeños y arequipeños ante la diáspora venezolana: representaciones estéticas y de comportamiento
Authors: Andrade Ciudad Luis , Samamé Rispa Anahís , Lazarte Chicata Sergio , Crespo del Río Claudia , Jiménez Lizama Pamela
Published: December 2021

Desde el análisis del discurso, nos aproximamos a las representaciones sobre la masiva migración venezolana en el Perú. Examinamos un corpus de 64 entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a residentes de Lima y Arequipa. Observamos los patrones en los discursos de los entrevistados teniendo en cuenta su localidad y su tipo de ocupación. Nos concentramos en las representaciones sobre la estética de los migrantes y sobre su comportamiento. Respecto a las primeras, resalta la caracterización de estos como altos, en el caso de los hombres, y voluptuosas, en el caso de las mujeres, así como la existencia de una cultura de la belleza valorada ambivalentemente. En cuanto a las segundas, se observaron caracterizaciones negativas, como ser bulleros o soberbios, pero también positivas, como ser amables y alegres. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren la conveniencia de integrar a las aproximaciones sociolingüísticas sobre la migración los planteamientos sobre las estrechas relaciones entre el lenguaje y los fenómenos de racialización, así como las pautas más clásicas sobre la construcción de la identidad en interacción, derivadas de la lingüística sociocultural.
El español como L2 en niños misak: la organización de la clase
Authors: Chamorro Mejía Mónica
Published: December 2021

Este artículo hace referencia a los resultados de una observación participante en la Institución Educativa Misak Mamá Manuela ubicada en el interior del resguardo de Guambía, territorio de la comunidad indígena misak (Colombia). Esta investigación se llevó a cabo en el contexto de un estudio de actitudes lingüísticas de los alumnos del quinto grado de primaria hablantes de namtrik hacia el español como segunda lengua. Los resultados obtenidos hacen referencia a la organización de la clase y se centran en diferentes aspectos de la situación educativa relacionados con la coherencia entre un proyecto educativo intercultural y la enseñanza del español como segunda lengua. En este sentido se hará un análisis de la programación didáctica, del tipo y uso de materiales didácticos, de las actividades en las que se concreta la programación, del enfoque, las dinámicas internas de la clase y finalmente de las características del ejercicio docente.