bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN EXHAUSTIVE REVIEW ON HERBS USED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2
Authors: Mau Salman , Saleem Shakir , Kimothi Vishwadeepak , Joshi Vineet , Singh Sanjay
Published: July 2019

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common metabolic disorders associated with disturbed hormonal secretion. Diabetes is characterized by high blood glucose levels over a prolonged period of time. High sugar levels are due to abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and lipids which is caused by absolute or relative insulin deficiency. Herbal medicines have been the highly esteemed source of medicine throughout the human history. Herbs are becoming more popular today because of their least side effects, holistic beliefs, easy availability and low cost. Individual herbal products and formulations are gaining popularity because of their quality manufacturing using modern analytical techniques and standardized raw materials. Herbal drugs are widely used for the treatment of diabetes worldwide in various dosage forms. India has a long list of native herbal drugs with scientifically proven blood sugar lowering properties. The seeds of Nigella sativa, Olea europaea, fruits of Aegle marmelos, Momordica charantia, Coccinia indica, Nigella sativa,Gymnema sylvestre leaves,whole plant of Pterocarpus marsupium, Syzygium cumini fruits, Swertia punicea, Urtica dioica, gum of Ferula assa-foetida and seeds of Trigonella foenum graecum were discussed along with their reported mechanisms of action. In this review paper an attempt has been made to give an overview of certain Indian plants which have shown their anti-diabetic activity in various pre-clinical studies.
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF NEEM (AZADIRACHTA INDICA) EXTRACT MICROBEADS USING HYDROGEL SYSTEM FOR WOUND HEALING
Authors: Nair Vinu V , Asija Rajesh , Gupta A
Published: July 2019

Introduction: Neem (Azadirachta indica, Meliaceae) is being used as an antimicrobial agent in traditional systems of medicines since ancient times. Neem is also applied on wounds in the form of aqueous extracts of various parts of the plant but is associated with problems of stability on long term storage. Objective: In the present work, the aim was to incorporate Neem (Azadirachta indica) extract in hydrogel system and prepare microbeads for application on wounds. Material and methods: The microbeads were prepared by mixing of drug and polymers to cause poly ionic complexation. The formulation was evaluated for various pharmaceutical parameters such as Solubility, Drug Release, Water Holding Capacity, % Drug Entrapped, Bead Diameter Measurement and Antimicrobial study. Result and Discussion: The evaluation of the optimized batch showed % drug entrapped to be 5.61 %, drug release of 65.688% in phosphate buffer pH 8 within 5 hrs and water uptake of 80% which were similar to the solutions obtained by the design expert DX7 Statease software. This suggested that the optimization model is validated. The microbeads of the optimized batch had a diameter of approximately 80 μm. Conclusion: Polymeric encapsulation in the form of beads allowed controlled delivery as well as enhanced stability of Azadirachtin. It provides a cost-effective antimicrobial therapy.
In Search of Quality: A study on Elementary Education in Rural India
Authors: Khatua Sayak , DAS CHAUDHURY RATUL
Published: August 2019

This study investigates the quality of education attained by students in rural areas of different states in India. The government of India has focused on fulfillment of the Millennium Development Goals, children should be able to attain at least primary education, neglecting learning achievement. We examine quality of education by computing an index, Learning Achievement Index (LAI) based on data from Annual Status of Education Report(ASER). We compute two more indices based on quality of infrastructure provided and quality of teachers and ranked the states accordingly. We look for the impact of expenditure by the Indian Government in quality provisions on the Learning Achievement Index(LAI). The results show certain positive and negative impacts, most importantly showing that mother’s education has a significant impact on the child’s learning achievement. Some of the results support our expectations and we explain why some of our hypothesis was invalidated by the LAI based analysis.
Toward Objective Evaluation of Working Memory in Visualizations: A Case Study Using Pupillometry and a Dual-Task Paradigm
Authors: Padilla Lace , Castro Spencer C. , Quinan Q. Samuel , Ruginski Ian Tanner , Creem-Regehr Sarah
Published: July 2019

Cognitive science has established widely used and validated procedures for evaluating working memory in numerous applied domains, but surprisingly few studies have employed these methodologies to assess claims about the impacts of visualizations on working memory. The lack of information visualization research that uses validated procedures for measuring working memory may be due, in part, to the absence of cross-domain methodological guidance tailored explicitly to the unique needs of visualization research. This paper presents a set of clear, practical, and empirically validated methods for evaluating working memory during visualization tasks and provides readers with guidance in selecting an appropriate working memory evaluation paradigm. As a case study, we illustrate multiple methods for evaluating working memory in a visual-spatial aggregation task with geospatial data. The results show that the use of dual-task experimental designs (simultaneous performance of several tasks compared to single-task performance) and pupil dilation can reveal working memory demands associated with task difficulty and dual-tasking. In a dual-task experimental design, measures of task completion times and pupillometry revealed the working memory demands associated with both task difficulty and dual-tasking. Pupillometry demonstrated that participants’ pupils were significantly larger when they were completing a more difficult task and when multitasking. We propose that researchers interested in the relative differences in working memory between visualizations should consider a converging methods approach, where physiological measures and behavioral measures of working memory are employed to generate a rich evaluation of visualization effort.
Incisst 2018
Authors: Incisst
Published: July 2019

Proceeding of The 1st International Conference on Islamic Studies - INCISST , Vol. 1, No. 1 (2018)DAUR SYARIAH AL-ISLAM FI BINA AL-HADARAH - Dr. Adhil bin Abdullah Al-Mathrudi MAKANAH AL-LUGHAH AL-ARABIYYAH FI JUZR AL-QAMAR AL-MUTTAHIDAH WA MADA TA’TSIRUHA ALA AL-LUGHAH AL-FARANSIYAH - Dr. Said Hasan Nassila AL-QIYADAH FI AL-ISLAM - Dr. Ashim Aba Husain DAUR AL-TARBIYYAH AL-ISLAMIYAH FI TAHSHIN AL-SYABAB MIN MAUJIH AL-ILHADI AL-JADID - Dr. Ahmed Abdelrazek El Khatib TA’LIM AL-LUGHAH AL-ARABIYYAH FI INDONESIA AL-WAQI WA AL-MA’MU - Dr. Budiansyah, M.A AL-IQTISHAD WA ALAQATUHU BI MAQASHID AL-SYARIAH - Syekh Mohamed El Mustafa Abdel Gabar.
Feasibility Analysis For Local Industry Of Gonggong Crackers In Batam
Authors: Bora M. Ansyar , Setyabudhi Albertus Laurensius
Published: July 2019

This research want to know feasibility for local industry of gonggong crackers in Batam. There is one objective and two hypotheses from thisresearch. The feasibility was reviewed with eight aspect and one of them is financial aspect. This research use questioner and spread to 284 samplefrom Batam residents. To prove the feasibility in the financial aspect we use payback period (PP), net present velue (NPV), profitability index (PI), andinternal rate of return (IRR). The result from this research in financial aspect is feasible. So we suggest to continue this local industry and expand toInternational Market
Sentiment Analysis Of Traveloka App Using Naïve Bayes Classifier Method
Authors: Watrianthos Ronal
Published: July 2019

Traveloka is currently the most popular startup in Indonesia with share traffic reaching 78.49% using smartphone and monthly visits whichreached 28.92 million based on a report in similarweb.com in May 2019. Traveloka, based on record, has been downloaded 10 million times since 2014with rating reaches 4.4 out of 5 stars. As of May 2019, there were 386,646 reviews from users in the PlayStore, ranging from positive and negativereviews. However, it is necessary to analyze with certain methods to summarize the review. Every review given will get a conclusion after collected, andsentiment analysis will provide user experiences from the Traveloka application within certain period. This research was conducted using the NaïveBayes Classifier method based on a review from the playstore to determine service quality. The purpose of this study is to find out the perceptions ofusers based on the measurement of service quality so that the results can be an evaluation for Traveloka in improving services. Studies show that duringthis period public opinion produced negative sentiments with Vmap value of 0.31020 greater than positive sentiment with a value of 0.16132.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK DAN PERTUMBUHAN LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Katriani Resa , Dewi Aminar Sutra
Published: August 2019

Competition between banks in collecting public funds and redistributing inthe form of credit in many deviant practices, this deviation will cause a decline inbanking performance that will affect the profit growth of a bank. This study aimsto determine whether CAMEL has an influence on the profit growth of bankingcompanies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The ratio used in this study isCapital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Return On Assets(ROA) and Loan To Deposit (LDR). The sample of this study were 20 bankingcompanies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2013-2017. This studyuses panel data regression analysis method. The results of the tests conductedfound that the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) had a positive and significant effect onprofit growth. While Non-Performing Loan (NPL), Return On Assets (ROA), andLoan To Deposits (LDR) have no significant effect on profit growth
Administrasi Sarana dan Prasarana
Authors: Wendra Delufi Mei
Published: July 2019

Well this article was made aiming to find out how important administrative advice and infrastructure is in education. Where in this writing technique is derived from the introduction, the contents of the summary regarding the administration of facilities and infrastructure consisting of understanding, process, and the role of the teacher related to the material this time and the conclusions of this article. Which is where the conclusion of a school or institution of social education is in desperate need of supporting facilities namely facilities and infrastructure in schools. Which is where the administration of facilities and infrastructure is facilities and equipment both directly and indirectly used to support the educational process, especially the teaching and learning process so that the achievement of educational goals can run smoothly, regularly, effectively and efficiently. By running the administrative process of facilities and infrastructure properly, the activity includes a Goods Procurement Planning; Prequalification of Associates; Procurement of goods; Storage, Inventory, Distribution; Maintenance, Rehabilitation; Removal and Exclusion; and Control. And for that besides school is very dependent on facilities and infrastructure to facilitate learning of students, teachers are also very instrumental in the administration of facilities and infrastructure by conducting supervisors on facilities and infrastructure and being involved in planning and utilization of facilities and infrastructure in schools.
Identifikasi Indikator Penilaian Kinerja Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Mahasiswa Universitas Telkom
Authors: Faizal Mochammad
Published: July 2019

DPM Kema Tel-U merupakan sebuah lembaga legislatif mahasiswa di Universitas Telkom yang diresmikan pada tahun 2014. Menyadari pentingnya kehadiran manajemen sumber daya manusia dalam sebuah organisasi, DPM Kema Tel-U memiliki masalah yaitu belum memiliki standar untuk penilaian kinerja anggota. Hal ini menyebabkan aktivitas pengembangan sumber daya manusia tidak dapat berjalan optimal. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui variabel penilaian kinerja pada DPM Kema Tel-U. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, dengan jenis data yang dibutuhkan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui focus group discussion dan wawancara mendalam terhadap DPM Kema Tel-U yang akan melibatkan 28 responden, dan data sekunder dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi indikator penilaian kinerja untuk memperbaiki kualitas anggota dan lingkungan kerja Dewan Perwakilan Mahasiswa di Universitas Telkom, maupun perguruan tinggi lainnya.
Pengantar proteksi katodik
Authors: Hermawan Hendra
Published: July 2019

Tulisan ini merupakan pengantar pada bidang ilmu dan teknologi pengendalian korosi dengan sistem proteksi katodik (cathodic protection, CP). Pembaca akan mendapatkan penjelasan singkat tentang dasar dan prinsip CP, penggunaannya dan faktor-faktor dalam pemilihan dan perancangan sistemnya. Selain itu tulisan ini juga memberikan informasi tentang organisasi yang berhubungan dengan korosi dan proteksi katodik serta sertifikasi keahlian bidang CP.
Belajar Olah Data dengan Software EViews
Authors: Gio Prana Ugiana
Published: July 2019

Dalam tulisan ini dipaparkan beberapa metode statistika regresi data panel, serta terapannya dalam software EViews
IMPLEMENTASI SUPERVISI PENDIDIKAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA GURU DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Mardhatillah
Published: July 2019

Dalam meningkantakan mutu pendidikan di sekolah penting bagi kepala sekolah memastikan bahwa pendidikan yang ada di lembaganya memiliki potensi yang bagus dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran di sekolah. Guru memiliki tugas sebagai pengajar dan sekaligus sebagai pendidik yang memberikan penilaian, pengarahan dan menuntun siswa dalam belajar. Supervisi di sekolah dilaksanakan oleh kepala sekolah yang bertindak sebagai supervisor, maka ia harus mampu melakukan berbagai pengawasan dan pengendalian untukmeningkatkan kinerja guru.Kinerja guru akan optimal jika di integrasikan dengan komponen sekolah, baik kepala sekolah maupun sarana kerja yang memadai.
A Guide to Conducting a Meta-Analysis with Non-Independent Effect Sizes
Authors: Cheung Mike W.-L.
Published: July 2019

Conventional meta-analytic procedures assume that effect sizes are independent. When effect sizes are non-independent, conclusions based on these conventional models can be misleading or even wrong. Traditional approaches, such as averaging the effect sizes and selecting one effect size per study, are usually used to remove the dependence of the effect sizes. These ad-hoc approaches, however, may lead to missed opportunities to utilize all available data to address the relevant research questions. Both multivariate meta-analysis and three-level meta-analysis have been proposed to handle non-independent effect sizes. This paper gives a brief introduction to these new techniques for applied researchers. The first objective is to highlight the benefits of using these methods to address non-independent effect sizes. The second objective is to illustrate how to apply these techniques with real data in R and Mplus. Researchers may modify the sample R and Mplus code to fit their data.
Causal Graphical Views of Fixed Effects and Random Effects Models
Authors: Kim Yongnam , Steiner Peter M.
Published: July 2019

Despite the long-standing discussion on fixed effects (FE) and random effects (RE) models, how and under which conditions both methods can eliminate unmeasured confounding bias have not yet been widely understood in practice. Using a simple pretest-posttest design in a linear setting, this article translates the conventional algebraic formalization of FE and RE models into causal graphs and provides intuitively accessible graphical explanations about their data-generating and bias-removing processes. The proposed causal graphs highlight that FE and RE models consider different data-generating models. RE models presume a data-generating model that is identical to a randomized controlled trial while FE models allow for unobserved time-invariant treatment-outcome confounding. Augmenting regular causal graphs that describe data-generating processes by adding the computational structures of FE and RE estimators, the article visualizes how FE estimators (gain score and deviation score estimators) and RE estimators (quasi-deviation score estimator) offset unmeasured confounding bias. In contrast to standard regression or matching estimators that reduce confounding bias by blocking non-causal paths via conditioning, FE and RE estimators offset confounding bias by deliberately creating new non-causal paths and associations of opposite sign. Though FE and RE estimators are similar in their bias-offsetting mechanisms, the augmented graphs reveal their subtle differences that can result in different biases in observational studies.
How much color do we see in the blink of an eye?
Authors: Cohen Michael , Rubenstein Jordan
Published: July 2019

Visual experience is painted in color. A change in hue or saturation can dramatically alter our understanding of a scene and how we feel about it. Subjectively, color does not feel like an optional dimension to be extracted only when necessary, but an automatically represented property of our entire visual field. Here, we ask whether that subjective impression is true. Using a variant of an inattentional blindness paradigm, we showed observers snapshots of colorful scenes when unbeknownst to them, an image was presented that was either desaturated or hue rotated across an overwhelming majority of the images. Although observers fixated on these images long enough to identify and describe them, a large number of observers were completely unaware of these drastic color manipulations. These findings suggest that much of our experience of a colorful world may be a confabulation.
Acute stress alters neural patterns of value representation for others
Authors: Tomova Livia , Saxe Rebecca , Klöbl Manfred , Lanzenberger Rupert , Lamm Claus
Published: July 2019

Acute stress is often evoked during social interactions, by feelings of threat or negative evaluation by other people. We also constantly interact with others while under stress – in the workplace or in private alike. However, it is not clear how stress affects social interactions. For one, individuals could become more selfish and focused on their own goals. On the other hand, individuals might also become more focused on affiliating with potential social partners, in order to secure their support. There is, indeed, accumulating behavioral evidence that prosocial behaviors increase rather than decrease under stress. Here, we tested the underlying brain processes of such findings, by assessing the effects of stress on the neural representations of (monetary) value for self and other. Participants (N=30; male, 18-40 years) played a gambling task for themselves and for another participant while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Each participant played the gambling task twice: once immediately following acute stress induction, and once in a control session. We compared neural patterns of value representation in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) using representational similarity analysis (RSA). We found that under stress, dmPFC showed higher dissimilarity between neural patterns underlying high and low value for the other. Dissimilarity of neural patterns underlying high and low value for the self was unaffected by stress. These findings suggest that participants track the magnitude of possible rewards for others more under stress, suggesting increased prosocial orientation.
Characterizing a snapshot of perceptual experience
Authors: Cohen Michael , Ostrand Caroline , Frontero Nicole , Pham Phuong-Nghi
Published: July 2019

What can we perceive in a single glance of the visual world? While this question seems straightforward, answering it has been unexpectedly difficult and controversial. Here, we sought to characterize a snapshot of perception by asking how much we could alter an image before observers noticed those alterations. Surprisingly, we found that we could drastically alter an image (e.g., scrambling the periphery so no object can be identified, putting the center of one image on the background of another image, etc.) without participants noticing even though they fixated on those images for hundreds of milliseconds. In fact, observers only reliably noticed these alterations if we placed the central part of a scene on (1) a blank background, (2) an abstract background, or (3) had participants explicitly shift their attention towards the periphery. Together, these results show that a single snapshot of perceptual experience is often remarkably impoverished.
Goal orientation and performance adaptation: A meta-analysis
Authors: Stasielowicz Lukasz
Published: July 2019

The relationship between goal orientation and performance adaptation across studies was assessed in the present article. The relevance of performance adaptation can be exemplified by the desire to optimize performance and mitigate the negative effects of change in organizational and educational contexts (i.e. new co-workers, new software, emergencies). Three-level meta-analyses were conducted for learning goal orientation (LGO) and performance goal orientation (PGO). Furthermore, within PGO a distinction between avoid performance goal orientation (APGO) and prove performance goal orientation (PPGO) could be made. In moderator analyses the influence of measurement method of performance adaptation (subjective ratings vs objective scores) was assessed amongst others. Although significant effects were found they were primarily visible for subjective ratings and not objective scores.
A Case for Cognitive Models in Visualization Research
Authors: Padilla Lace
Published: July 2019

The visualization community has seen a rise in the adoption of user studies. Empirical user studies systematically test the assumptions that we make about how visualizations can help or hinder viewers' performance of tasks. Although the increase in user studies is encouraging, it is vital that research on human reasoning with visualizations be grounded in an understanding of how the mind functions. Previously, there were no sufficient models that illustrate the process of decision-making with visualizations. However, Padilla et al., 2018 recently proposed an integrative model for decision-making with visualizations, which expands on modern theories of visualization cognition and decision-making. In this paper, we provide insights into how cognitive models can accelerate innovation, improve validity, and facilitate replication efforts, which have yet to be thoroughly discussed in the visualization community. To do this, we offer a compact overview of the cognitive science of decision-making with visualizations for the visualization community, using the Padilla et al., 2018 cognitive model as a guiding framework. By detailing examples of visualization research that illustrate each component of the model, this paper offers novel insights into how visualization researchers can utilize a cognitive framework to guide their user studies. We provide practical examples of each component of the model from empirical studies of visualizations, along with visualization implications of each cognitive process, which have not been directly addressed in prior work. Finally, this work offers a case study in utilizing an understanding of human cognition to generate a novel solution to a visualization reasoning bias in the context of hurricane forecast track visualizations.
Sex differences in virtual navigation influenced by visual factors and individual differences
Authors: Padilla Lace
Published: July 2019

The Morris water maze is a task adapted from the animal spatial cognition literature and has been studied in the context of sex differences in humans, particularly because of the standard design, which manipulates proximal (close) and distal (far) cues. However, there are mixed findings with respect to the interaction of cues and sex differences in virtual Morris water maze tasks, which may be attributed to variations in the scale of the space and previously unmeasured individual differences. We explore the question of scale and context by presenting participants with an outdoor virtual Morris water maze that is four times the size of the mazes previously tested. We also measured lifetime mobility and mental rotation skills. Results of this study suggest that for the small-scale environment, males and females performed similarly when asked to navigate with only proximal cues. However, males outperformed females when only distal cues were visible. In the large-scale environment, males outperformed females in both cue conditions. Additionally, greater mental rotation skills predicted better navigation performance with proximal cues only. Finally, we found that highly mobile females and males perform equally well when navigating with proximal cues.
The Politics of Egyptian Migration to Libya
Authors: Tsourapas Gerasimos
Published: July 2019

The beheading of 21 Egyptian Copts working in Libya, as shown in video footage released by the Islamic State on February 12, 2015, made headlines across the world. The story was variously framed as one more vicious murder of Middle Eastern Christians by militant Islamists, one more index of chaos in post-Qaddafi Libya and one more opportunity for an Arab state, in this case Egypt, to enlist in the latest phase of the war on terror. What was left unaddressed was the deep and long-standing enmeshment of the Libyan and Egyptian economies, embodied in the tens of thousands of Egyptian workers who remain in Libya despite the civil war raging there. There is a history of maltreatment of Egyptian migrants in Libya spanning more than 60 years. The abuses date back to the organized migration of Egyptian teachers, bureaucrats and other professionals under Gamal Abdel Nasser, and have continued with increasing brutality until the present. From the beginning, whether under King Idris, under Muammar al-Qaddafi or following the colonel’s downfall, the causes of the violence have been distinctly political, with Egyptians in Libya always vulnerable to the vicissitudes of Egyptian-Libyan state relations as well as to regional crises. The welfare of these workers has always been subordinate to strategic concerns in the calculations of both states.
Matters of Care: Speculative Ethics in More Than Human Worlds (Review)
Authors: Shapiro Andrew J
Published: July 2019

“Care? Why should I care about care?” This question, raised by one of María Puig de la Bellacasa’s colleagues, is one that could be reasonably posed by any critical scholar. Care is, after all, a deeply fraught concept. Historically, the ideal of caretaking has been used to justify women’s domestic confinement and their lack of remuneration. More recently, it’s been coopted by corporations in their altruistic marketing strategies (think “CBS Cares” or “Chase Cares” or “Nordstrom Cares”). Taking seriously care’s ambivalent, non-innocent character, Matters of Care offers a praiseworthy posthumanist intervention into the politics of caring, working to recuperate care from the trappings of neoliberal biopolitics.
¿Quiénes cuidan nuestras vulvas y vaginas?
Authors: Puelles Liset C.
Published: August 2019

The following research results from an online survey with the aim of distinguishing the medical treatment towards our bodies, specifically in the health and wellbeing of our vulva. Of which, it is intended 1) make visible the silencing and assimilation of violent practices in gynaecological consultations and 2) problematize the large number of men who practice gynaecology as a historical theft of women’s sexual and reproductive knowledge.
Race and Sexuality (Review)
Authors: Shapiro Andrew J
Published: July 2019

In Race and Sexuality, Salvador Vidal-Ortiz, Brandon Andrew Robinson, and Cristina Khan critically interrogate how racialized sexualities construct our lived realities. Eschewing “singular analyses” and the “dull efforts at critical thinking” they produce (P. 4), the authors draw upon various disciplinary and interdisciplinary perspectives at the intersection of sex and race to show how the two dimensions are mutually constituted. Topics of exploration range from immigration policy and human rights discourse to sex trafficking, pornography, and online dating.
Biocitizenship: The Politics of Bodies, Governance and Power (Review)
Authors: Shapiro Andrew J
Published: July 2019

This collection offers a rich diversity of perspectives on what has come to be known as “biological citizenship,” or “biocitizenship.” Quoting Nikolas Rose, editors Johnson, Happe, and Levina define biocitizenship as comprising “all those citizenship projects that have linked their conceptions of citizens to beliefs about the biological existence of human beings, as individuals, as men and women, as families and lineages, as communities, as populations and as species” (P. 1). On the one hand, biocitizenship entails the positive, active efforts of human beings demanding their rights to health and well-being. On the other hand, biocitizenship is also understood as an extension of ‘biopolitics’ in the Foucauldian sense, so that biocitizenship disciplines and controls subjects even as it affords them certain rights. While this duality and its various complexities have generated a sizeable body of literature, there has to date been no edited volume on the subject of biocitizenship. Johnson, Happe, and Levina helpfully fill this gap, bringing together disparate voices from various disciplines into a volume that is provocative and insightful.
РАДИКАЛИЗАЦИЯ ИДЕОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ СОСТАВЛЯЮЩЕЙ ЭТНОРЕЛИГИОЗНЫХ КОНФЛИКТОВ В СИСТЕМЕ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
Authors: Aleinikov A. V. , Gazimagomedov G. G. , Strebkov A. I.
Published: July 2019

This article analyzes the impact of ethno-religious conflict on national security in the context of the radicalization of their ideological component. The nature of ethnoreligious conflicts lies in the unequal position in the system of social coordinates, but at the same time relatively unfree development and restriction of the interest arising from social conditions of life, which receives final social life and satisfaction as a result of its political legitimation, manifested in the form of state support. Every ethnoreligious conflict is a symptom of both the lack of equality and freedom, manifested primarily in ideological radicalization, striving for fundamentalism, extreme forms of conscious and unconscious aggression, reduced from an ideological state to extremist actions, which creates a real danger and threat to social and national security. The growth of ideological tension and subsequent conflict actions reaches the limits beyond which the existing security system either actualizes its protective functions, or seeks to change the degrees of equality and freedom of actualized interest. While in the first case, the state, in an effort to maintain the security system at the same level, uses coercive legal instruments, which manifest themselves in other forms of coercion than before, in the second case, both the normative and social coordinates of the realization of ethnic and religious interest, and then in the second case, both the normative and social coordinates of the realization of ethnic and religious interest and at the same time of the entire existing security system are subject to revision. Understanding by the state of the indisputable fact that in the modern world security is relative to social interests, it allows it to react sensitively to the growth of ethnic and religious tension, to protect these movements from ideological radicalization and ethnic religious extremism.
ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ АЗИЯ — АРЕНА СТОЛКНОВЕНИЯ ГЕОПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ И ГЕОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ИНТЕРЕСОВ РОССИИ, США И КИТАЯ
Authors: Abgadzhava D. A. , Vlaskina A. S.
Published: July 2019

This article will present the result of an analysis of the geopolitical and geo-economic interests of China, Russia and the United States in the Central Asian region. Central Asia is a field of world power collision because of this region is characterized by an advantageous geostrategic position, communication and energy opportunities, and a significant stock of natural resources. The strategy implemented by China is aimed to cooperate in the development and transportation of hydrocarbon raw materials, the development of the region’s energy potential, the development of hydro resources, the development of transport communications, and industrial facilities. China takes first position of investments and loans in the economy of the republics. There is a cooperation in the fight against terrorism, extremism, drug crime. The United States is pursuing its own national interests in Central Asia in the military-strategic sphere, as well as by investing in the development of the oil and gas industry. The weakening of Russia and China influence in the region also belongs to the national interests of the United States. The realization of Russian’s geopolitical interests is connected with ensuring national security by protecting state borders, combating terrorism and religious extremism, drug crime. Geo-economic interests are associated with the development and transportation of natural resources (hydrocarbon raw materials), cooperation in the energy and transport and transit sectors. In addition, in this article will be analyze a number of geopolitical models that characterize Russian policy in Central Asia.
ОБМАН КОЛОНИЗАТОРОВ КАК ОСНОВА НЕКОТОРЫХ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ КОНФЛИКТОВ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ КУРДСКОЙ ПРОБЛЕМЫ)
Authors: Dyurre Ikbal M.A.
Published: July 2019

In most cases, neocolonialism is mentioned and investigated in an economic sense, as the establishment and maintenance of unequal trade and economic relations between the former metropolises and colonies due to the formed and maintained economic, as well as institutional, cultural, educational weakness of the latter. However, neocolonialism, as colonialism, has other areas of application, and in particular, ideological and historical. This paper examines the transition from the Treaty of Sevres to the Treaty of Lausanne in relation to the fate of the Kurdish people and their potential for independent, sovereign development. The First World War ended a century ago. But the point, of course, is not in a round date, but in the relevance of the subsequent agreements on a new world order. Over the past century international relations as a whole have changed significantly, and instead of several colonial powers, two future superpowers started to compete in all areas, including the ideological. However, the lie that the colonialists resorted to, establishing a new world order, continues to be the basis of the modern conflict around the Kurdish problem and not only it. Despite recognition a century ago, the rights of all peoples to an independent existence, even today the Kurdish people have no national state, remains divided between the borders defined by the former colonial powers. Despite the condemnation of colonialism, its «heritage» in the form of state boundaries drawn with one purpose or another even today are the cause of numerous territorial conflicts. In this sense, the decolonization process is still incomplete.
ФИЛОСОФИЯ НАУЧНОЙ ДИПЛОМАТИИ
Authors: Litvak N. V.
Published: July 2019

The article considers the scientific diplomacy — a relatively new phenomenon in international practice — as a type of diplomacy which took shape quite recently, in the 21st century, with the advent of both the term itself, and the corresponding concepts, and the Foreign Ministry units of some countries. However, it is necessary to clarify the terminology and essence of this practice, which has a much more long history. At the present time, there is a reassessment of this historical experience, as well as another attempt to put science in the civil service in one more — diplomatic aspect, as it has already happened with the military, educational and some other areas. At the same time, the scientific community itself in this process has the opportunity to play not only the role of an object or a passive performer. The demand for science is clearly manifested in periods of war and conflict, which in various forms do not stop today. This causes the urgency of the problem. At the same time, the conscious activity of politicians and scientists is combined with objective, independently developing, incl. latently, unobviously, by the processes of political struggle and scientific knowledge, which leads to complex combinations of interrelations between politics and science. The study of such events and processes allows us to draw some conclusions regarding relations between science and diplomacy, to determine the trend of consistent “scientification” of diplomacy, like of any other sphere of society, the transition from diplomacy-mail (communication) through diplomacy-art to diplomacy-science, formulate a hypothesis that diplomacy in general is a scientific project.
МАРКСИЗМ: РАЗМЫШЛЕНИЯ ОБ ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ РОЛИ И ОГРАНИЧЕННОСТИ
Authors: Kuzmin P. V.
Published: July 2019

The article comprehends Marxist views in the field of philosophy, political economy, socio-political sphere. It is shown that Marxism is not a monolith. Along with the undoubted advantages, the social doctrine of Marxism contains ideas and provisions that have not stood the test of time. But the costs of Marxism are not the supporting structures of this doctrine. The author is of the opinion that not confirmation of a number of provisions of authentic Marxism by socio - political practice of the XX-th and the passed years of the XXI-th century is connected with the fact that any social theory “works” in this way, as the implementation of such a theory takes place in line with the coherent concept of truth. Marxist doctrine was created in the era of early capitalism, which did not yet contain the necessary material for more accurate scientific positions and forecasts. In the article the author comes to the conclusion that a number of Marxist views, provided their authentic interpretation, remain relevant in our time. These include: unsurpassed by anyone criticism of capitalism; conclusion on the growth of inequality and income inequality between the strata of society; regulations on the adaptation of production relations to changing productive forces, on ensuring the basic needs of people with the help of new technologies, the development of social and industrial democracy; ideas about the dependence of material production on scientific knowledge, creative, spiritual activity of people, on the progress of technology; humanistic position of Marxism, expressed in the ideas of human liberation, social equality, justice, solidarity. The author believes that the urgent task of the intelligentsia is to preserve Marxism as an integral part of intellectual and political culture, as well as the development of Marxist doctrine in creative competition with other trends of social thought.
ИНТЕГРАТИВНЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ДИЛЕММЕ «СТРУКТУРА/ДЕЙСТВИЕ» В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ТЕОРИИ (Э.ГИДДЕНС, П. БУРДЬЕ, Ю. ХАБЕРМАС)
Authors: Galatov A. M.
Published: July 2019

The article is addressed to the general views of three prominent social thinkers on the fundamental theoretical dilemma of “structure/agency”, deep differences in understanding of which are still considered as basis for intense discussions among pundits, representing various streams and schools in sociology. The theory of structuration, elaborated by Anthony Giddens, Bourdieu’s scrutinizing of practice, habitus and fields, Habermas’ theory of “colonization of life-world” are all considered as pioneering and plentiful attempts of resolving of crisis of social theory and establishment of particular integrative conjunction of objectivist and subjectivist paradigms of social knowledge, which determines their theoretical resemblance and justify their joint study. Besides, these integrative approaches give the authors reason to make some distinctive remarks concerning origins of social conflicts, conflicting forms of interaction of social actors, and structural contradictoriness underlying them. The core of Giddens’ approach is constituted by idea of “duality of structure”, which not exclusively restricts agency, but creates opportunities for humans, who possess reflexivity and practical consciousness, to form and change social practices and thereby reshape structural conditions. Bourdieu, in his turn, uses the concept of practices, occurring within particular social fields embracing agents and their social positions, to designate where the dialectic of structure and agency exactly takes place, and habitus which while being both structured structure and structuring structure, is interpreted as systems of schemes of perception, evaluation and cognition of practices. Habermas treats the problem, firstly, by analytically separating categories “life-word” as inner point of view of an actor on society, where he is engaged in implementation of communicative action and “system” as a level of structures and institutions and, secondly, postulating, that according to the logic of social development, leading to inner differentiation and mutual divergence of these levels, “colonization of life-world by system” is accelerating, which results in various disruption of communication.
KOMUNIKASI ANTARBUDAYA DALAM MASYARAKAT MULTIKULTUR (Studi Kasus pada Karyawan Warga Negara Jepang dan Indonesia di PT. Tokyu Land Indonesia)
Authors: Febiyana Anita , Turistiati Ade Tuti
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze intercultural communication between Japanese and Indonesian employees at PT. Tokyu Land Indonesia. This research was also to analyze barriers which occurred in intercultural communication between them, and how to overcome these barriers. The method used in this study was a qualitative research method with a case study approach. Data collection was carried out by using an in-depth interview with 3 Japanese and 3 Indonesian employees, observation, and relevant previous research articles, and research-related documents. This research used the intercultural communication model of William B. Gudykunst and Young Yun Kim, intercultural communication concepts from Edward T. Hall, such as proxemics (the concept of distance), chronemics (the concept of time), high context and low context communication, individualism and collectivism, stereotypes. The results of the study showed that intercultural communication between Japanese and Indonesian employees at PT. Tokyu Land Indonesia is relatively good. Obstacles that occurred in intercultural communication are due to problems of differences and understanding of language, habits, respect for time (Japanese monochronic while Indonesia is polychronic), and the existence of stereotypes from each nation. To overcome these obstacles, they have to learn more about Japanese culture for Indonesian employees, and Indonesian culture for Japanese employees, openness to confirm understanding of the message delivered, mutual respect, and forgiveness each other if a misunderstanding occurs.
HUBUNGAN PERILAKU PICKY EATER DENGAN STATUS GIZI PADA ANAK PRA SEKOLAH TK ISLAM NURUL IZZAH KECAMATAN UNGARAN BARAT KABUPATEN SEMARANG
Authors: Wijayanti Fiki , Rosalina Rosalina
Published: July 2019

Anak prasekolah mempunyai  kemampuan untuk bergerak aktif karena perkembangan fisik-motoriknya serta koordinasi saraf-sarafnya sudah semakin baik. Anak membutuhkan nutrisi dan asupan yang lebih untuk mengimbangi energi yang keluar. Pada masa anak prasekolah mempunyai kecenderungan mengalami perilaku picky eaters/ memilih makanan. Dampak dari perilaku makan anak tersebut dapat mempengaruhi gizi pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku picky eaters dengan status gizi pada anak prasekolah di TK Islam Nurul Izzah Kecamatan Ungaran Barat Kabupaten Semarang. Penelitian adalah diskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi adalah orang tua dan anak yang usia prasekolah sejumlah 207. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling didapatkan hasil 99 responden. Analisa data menggunakan chi square. Hasil penelitian sebagian besar anak usia prasekolah tidak mengalami perilaku picky eater  sebanyak 53 anak (53,5%). Status gizi lebih banyak adalah normal sebanyak  61 anak (61,6%). Analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan perilaku picky eaters dengan status gizi anak usia prasekolah di TK Islam Nurul Izzah Kecamatan Ungaran Barat Kabupaten Semarang dengan p value (0,002) < α (0,05).Kata kunci : picky eaters, status gizi, anak dan prasekolah.
EFEK MOTIVASI INSPIRASI TERHADAP FAMILY EMPOWERMENT DALAM PELAYANAN DI RUANG ICU : (A literatur review)
Authors: Nurmalia Devi , Makmun Muhamad
Published: July 2019

Sistem perawatan di ICU memberikan dampak stress bagi pasien dan keluarganya. Upaya yang dapat dikembangkan untuk meminimalkan dampak tersebut yaitu dengan mengaplikasikan Family Empowerment. Perawat mempunyai peran yang sangat penting untuk meminimalkan dampak stress tersebut. Perawat dengan kepemimpinan transformasional : motivasi inspirasi dengan mengikutkan (memberdayakan) keluarga dalam perencanaan keperawatan, menjalin komunikasi serta melibatkan keluarga dalam tindakan keperawatan, sehingga dampak stress bagi pasien dan keluarga dengan Family Empowerment dapat diturunkan. Mengetahui gambaran efek kepemimpinan transformational : motivasi inspirasi terhadap Family Empowerment dalam pelayanan di ruang ICU. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini yaitu studi literatur. Penulis melakukan analisis dan sintesis untuk mendeskripsikan efek kepemimpinan transformational : motivasi inspirasi terhadap Family Empowerment dalam pelayanan di ruang ICU. Sumber pustaka yang digunakan pencarian artikel ditemukan 14 artikel , setelah dilakukan analisis dan sintesa tinggal 11 artikel yang mempunyai keterkaitan. Penyusunan literature review menggunakan artikel / jurnal dengan proses pencarian artikel melalui Google Scholar  jumlah 2 jurnal, Science Direct 4 jurnal,  PubMed 5 jurnal. Ada pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional : motivasi inspirasi dengan mengikutkan (memberdayakan) keluarga dalam perencanaan keperawatan, menjalin komunikasi serta melibatkan keluarga dalam tindakan keperawatan.  Diberdayakannya keluarga dalam pelayanan keperawatan ( untuk memijit, membelai ) serta keluarga diminta untuk mengunjungi pasien dua kali sehari selama 3 hari berturut-turut, maka stress keluarga akan menurun karena keluarga dapat secara langsung mengetahui pelayanan yang diberikan terhadap keluarga yang sakit sesuai harapan. Pelaksanaan Family Empowerment masih ada hambatan yg terjadi yaitu kurangnya pengetahuan petugas mengenai Family Empowerment. Ada pengaruh yang positif antara kepemimpinan transformasional: motivasi inspirasi terhadap family empowerment, dengan family empowerment tingkat stress keluarga akan menurun. Pelaksanaan family empowerment masih ada beberapa kekurangan yang harus dicarikan solusi. Kata Kunci : ICU, Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Family Empowerment