bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gyermekotthonban élő testvérek szocializációs és kötődési mintázatai
Authors: Tiz-Mohácsi Vanda , Meliska Zoltán , Széll Krisztián
Published: March 2024

A gyermekek stabil érzelmi fejlődéséhez egy megbízható referenciaszemélyre van szükség, míg a kognitív fejlődést rugalmas és jól strukturált környezet támogatja. A családhoz hasonlóan a gyermekotthonban zajló szocializációs és kötődési folyamatokat számos szereplő és interakció befolyásolja. A tanulmány célja, hogy a családból kiemelt testvércsoportok és nevelőik percepciója alapján feltárja a gyermekotthonban élő gyermekek szocializációs és kötődési mintázatait, így vizsgálja az egyes aktorok (szülők, testvérek és sorstestvérek, gyermekotthonon kívüli közeli barátok, nevelők, iskola) szocializációjukban betöltött szerepét. A tanulmány alapját adó etnográfiai jellegű kutatás során a gyermekek (7 fő) és nevelőik (5 fő) körében megfigyelésekre, interjúkra, kötetlen beszélgetésekre, valamint a gyermekek hivatalos irataiban található információk áttekintésére került sor. Az eredmények alapján a szülők szerepét és funkcióját egyértelműen a nevelők és a gyermekfelügyelők veszik át, a gyermekek általuk kapcsolódnak szüleikhez és az iskolához is. Az általános testvéri kapcsolatokban szoros és gyenge kötődések is megjelentek, egyfajta ambivalencia volt tapasztalható. A sorstestvérek („benti” barátok) inkább játszótársak, vagy „bandázásban” partnerek, a gyermekotthonon kívüli közeli barátok pedig kapcsolódást jelentenek a külvilághoz, illetve egészséges család- és személyközi kapcsolati mintákat is biztosíthatnak. Az iskola szerepe kettős a gyermekotthonban élő gyermekek életében: kapcsolat a külvilággal, illetve siker- és kudarcélmények forrása.
Developing a Teacher Nomination Scale for Gifted Children in Primary Schools
Authors: Bildiren Ahmet , Kirişçi Nilgun , Kavruk Sevinç Zeynep , Yıldırım Yıldız , Bıkmaz Bilgen Özge , Dildeğmez Bahtiyar
Published: March 2024

Introduction: The aim of this study is to develop a teacher nomination scale for gifted students in primary schools. The developed scale is theoretically based on Renzulli’s Three-Ring Conception of Giftedness Theory.
Method: In this study, a Teacher Nomination Scale for Gifted Children in Primary Schools (TNSG-P) was developed to identify gifted children attending primary school. The descriptive survey design was used in this study. In study 1, the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using principal axis method was conducted. In study 2, the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using robust maximum likelihood estimation method was carried out. In study 3, the validity of the scale was tested.
Findings: A pilot study involving 507 participants was carried out using the 89-item trial form. After the pilot phase, 50 items remained in the scale. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on the 50-item scale in a sample of 225 participants. This showed that the fit indices of the scale had a perfect fit and the second level three-factor structure of the scale with 27 items was confirmed. In the validity analysis of the scale, gifted students and typical students were compared and a statistically significant difference was obtained in favor of the gifted students. Cronbach’s α and stratified Cronbach’s α, McDonald’s ω, composite reliability coefficients and average variance extracted (AVE) values regarding the reliability of the scale were also examined. The reliability coefficients for both the overall scale and its subscales were found to be above .95.
Discussion: The findings have revealed that the Teacher Nomination Scale for Gifted Children in Primary Schools is a valid assessment instrument and gives reliable scores in identifying gifted children.
Optimal parameters of protection devices for controlling hydraulic transient using genetic algorithms
Authors: Alhwij Mohammed Salah , Nakhleh Wissam
Published: March 2024

Air valves and pressure vessels are among the most important protection devices used to protect the main pumping lines due to their reliability in controlling transient pressures. The proper and rational design of the water hammer protection devices ensures high efficiency in controlling the values of transient pressures in addition to achieving acceptable cost. For this purpose, the genetic algorithm approach was adopted in the process of selecting the optimal parameters for both pressure vessels (size and orifice diameter) and air valves (orifice diameter of inlet and outlet, discharge coefficients of inlet and outlet) in addition to determining the type and location of the air valve. The performance of the proposed protection devices was verified by comparing three objective equations: (1) minimizing the cost of protection devices, (2) minimizing the difference between the maximum and minimum pressure, and (3) minimizing the difference between the maximum and minimum pressure with a specific constraint on the budget of protection devices. The study results showed that selecting the optimal design parameters for pressure vessels and air valves helps control the cost of protection devices and transient pressure values.
Histología y ciclo gonadal de Venus antiqua KING & BRODERIP, 1835 (MOLLUSCA: BIVALVIA: VENERIDAE) en Bahía Metri, seno de Reloncaví , Chile
Authors: Gallardo Carlos S. , Weber Alejandro
Published: March 2024

El ciclo reproductivo de Venus antiqua fue estudiado durante 1991 en Bahía Metri, en la costa sureste cercana a Puerto Montt, Chile. La actividad reproductiva se estudió mediante análisis histológico de la gónadas basado en una descripción cualitativa de los estados de madurez gonadal, y en la frecuencia mensual de los mismos. La escala de madurez sexual utilizada comprende las fases de madurez, madurez máxima, en desove y estado desovado. En Bahía Metri, Venus antiqua mostró 2 períodos de desove a lo largo del año. El más importante tuvo lugar durante primavera (septiembre a octubre) incluyendo al 63% de los individuos muestreados. El segundo evento ocurre a fines de verano (marzo a abril) y comprende al 55% de los animales en la muestra mensual. En ambos sexos la madurez sexual comienza a manifestarse entre los 36 y 40 mm de longitud valvar. La razón sexual hembras/machos mostró un valor promedio de 1:0,9 a través del año. El uso de una prueba de Chi-cuadrado indicó que la mayoría de los valores mensuales de esta razón sexual, al igual que los valores mensuales considerados en conjunto (prueba de heterogeneidad de Chi-cuadrado), no se desviaban de la proporción teórica 1:1. El ciclo reproductivo que muestra esta almeja en Bahía Metri es similar con la de localidades aledañas, tales como Bahía Ancud y Bahía Yaldad en la Isla Grande de Chiloé. Se discuten también los factores que posiblemente influencian la periodicidad de este ciclo.
Morfología y disposición de los dientes en una especie con heterodontia sexual : Raja (DIPTURUS) chilensis GUICHENOT, 1848
Authors: Saez B. Sylvia , Lamilla G. Julio
Published: March 2024

La escasa información sobre dientes en especies de Raja(Dipturus), hace necesario el análisis de la morfología, vascularizacióny disposición dentaria en Raja (Dipturus) chilensis. El análisis de la morfología de las piezas dentales de la primera hilera funcional, así como en la medición del ancho y alto de los dientes de algunos ejemplares de Raja (Dipturus) chilensis, evidenció una heterodontía sexual, las hembras mostraron dientes anchos y con una corona baja, a diferencia de los machos que presentaron dientes altos y punzantes. Utilizando el teorema del coseno, se obtuvo el ángulo de inclinación de los dientes. Los machos mostraron dientes más inclinados que aquellos observados en las hembras. Machos y hembras mostraron una raíz de tipo holoaulacorhizada. Las piezas dentarias, en ambos sexos se disponen en series ordenadas, paralelas y longitudinales, lo que sucede en ambas arcadas de ambas mandíbulas, sin embargo, los machos presentan las hileras de dientes más separadas que en las hembras. Respecto al número de dientes, las hembras superan levemente a los machos, en ambas mandíbulas.
Pharmacological Mechanisms of Kirenol against Ovarian Carcinoma:
A Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation Study In Vitro
Authors: Mao Xiaoling , Zhu Hong , Gao Jun , Lin Shixin , Bao Yin , Zhang Mingyue , Yang Huan
Published: March 2024

Background:

Ovarian carcinoma is an aggressive gynecological malignancy. Kirenol,
a diterpene compound, has recently gained attention for its potential anticancer properties. However,
its exact anti-tumor mechanism remains largely unexplored.

Objective:

In this study, we explored the inhibitory effects of Kirenol on ovarian cancer using
network pharmacology and in vitro experiments and elucidated its underlying mechanisms.

Methods:

Through the utilization of molecular docking, we established a network of proteinprotein
interactions (PPI), which unveiled CDK4 as an essential target. Additionally, gene enrichment
and pathway analysis highlighted the significance of the PI3K/AKT pathway. The viability
of ovarian cancer cells and normal ovarian epithelial cells was evaluated using CCK8 assays
to determine the effect of Kirenol. Following in vitro tests, cell colony formation, wound
healing, flow cytometry, and Western blotting were conducted to assess its impact on cell proliferation,
metastasis, apoptosis, and the cell cycle.

Results:

Kirenol significantly reduced the viability of ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3 and A2780)
compared to normal ovarian epithelial cells (IOSE-80). Moreover, Kirenol efficiently suppressed
the growth and movement, caused a cell cycle halt, and stimulated programmed cell death in
SKOV3 and A2780 cells. Through molecular analysis, it was observed that Kirenol increased
the expression of Bax while decreasing the expression of MMP2, MMP9, and Bcl-2. It also attenuated
the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and RB and downregulated CDK4 and CCND1 expression.
Notably, co-treatment with the PI3K pathway inhibitor LY294002 enhanced the inhibitory
effect of Kirenol on ovarian cancer cells.

Conclusion:

In summary, the combined results of our network pharmacology analysis and in
vitro tests emphasized that Kirenol hinders the growth of ovarian cancer cells, causes cell cycle
arrest, enhances apoptosis, and hampers migration, possibly by regulating the PI3K/AKT/CDK4
signaling pathway.
In Rheumatoid Arthritis, A Review of ncRNAs Related to NF-κB Signaling Pathways
Authors: Cheng Hsiang-Hung , Luo Mei , Jiang Jing-Rong , Wang Chun-Xia
Published: March 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease with no known cure that results
in joint deformities and dysfunction, significantly impacting the quality of life of patients. The
abnormal NF-κB signaling pathway in RA has emerged as a crucial research area for the development
of RA therapies, with non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) serving as a potentially meaningful
avenue to regulate it. Thus, understanding the role of ncRNAs in RA and the identification of
new therapeutic targets have become pressing issues in the field. In this review, we aim to summarize
recent studies on ncRNAs that regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway in RA, including
miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, as well as the mechanisms by which drugs modulate NF-κB activity. By highlighting these recent advances, we hope to promote further research into targeted
RA therapy and provide novel directions and ideas for researchers in the field.
Advances in the Synthesis and Bioactivity of Polysaccharide Selenium
Nanoparticles: A Review
Authors: Ye Shiying , Sun Shaowei , Cai Jiye , Jiang Jinhuan
Published: March 2024

Selenium, an essential trace element of the human body, is pivotal in human health and
disease prevention. Nevertheless, the narrow therapeutic index of selenium, where the toxic and
therapeutic doses are close, limits its clinical utility. Significantly, nanoscale selenium synthesized
by different methods using polysaccharides as stabilizers has low toxicity properties and exhibits
excellent bioactivity. Its biological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant,
antibacterial, and immune function enhancement, are improved compared with traditional organic
and inorganic selenium compounds, conferring greater potential for application in biomedicine.
Therefore, this review evaluates the advancements in various synthesis methodologies for polysaccharide
selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) and their biological activities. It aims to provide a comprehensive
theoretical basis and research directions for the future development of highly efficient, minimally
toxic, and biocompatible polysaccharide-Se NPs and the application of polysaccharide-Se
NPs in biomedicine.
P-glycoproteins in the Pathology and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Aljohani Raghad H. , Alruwali Nouf F. , Alrashedi Shorooq M. , Yousef Somaya M. , Alobaidan Shahad T. , Elsherbiny Nehal M. , Atteia Hebatallah H.
Published: March 2024

:

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a central cause of dementia, is characterized by the accumulation
of amyloid β- peptide (Aβ) peptides in the brain. P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a highly expressed protein
in the BBB, plays a fundamental role in transporting Aβ from the brain to the blood and protecting
the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The dysfunction or decreased abundance of this transporting protein
is associated with the accumulation of Aβ, leading to dementia and cognitive deficits. In this
review article, we consolidate the existing literature on the impact of P-gp in the pathophysiology
and therapy of AD. Current evidence claims that p-gp is involved in AD pathology and that enhancing
the activity of this transporter may be a promising therapeutic approach to hinder AD progression.
There is also a growing interest in P-gp as a potential therapeutic target for AD. Hence, ongoing
clinical trials and research should investigate P-gp inhibitor efficacy as a therapeutic approach for
improving AD drug delivery to the brain and treatment outcomes.
Rituximab Induced Flare of Psoriatic Arthritis in a Patient with Devic's Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Gonzales Sofia Audrey B. , Mortezaei Kiana , Arkfeld Daniel G.
Published: March 2024

Introduction/Background:

Devic’s syndrome is a rare autoimmune disorder that occurs
when the body's immune system damages and mistakenly attacks the optic nerves and spinal
cord, leading to numerous neurological symptoms such as inflammation, weakness, numbness,
and vision problems. Rituximab has mainly been utilized as an immunosuppressive therapy for patients
with Devic’s syndrome. Although evidence has shown that rituximab is efficient and well
tolerated in treating patients with Devic’s syndrome, there is the possibility of rituximab exacerbating
severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis flare.

Case Presentation:

In this paper, we describe a case of a 58-year-old female with Devic’s syndrome,
blindness, and neurological involvement who responded exceptionally well to rituximab
but developed a severe flare of psoriatic arthritis. After withdrawing from the use of rituximab,
her psoriatic arthritis symptoms had resolved. However, she did have another episode of blindness,
and rituximab was started once again. Although her vision improved, her psoriatic arthritis
symptoms had reoccurred. The patient was switched to eculizumab and ustekinumab, which controlled
both her psoriatic arthritis and Devic’s syndrome.

Conclusion:

Very few reports have identified rituximab to induce a flare-up of psoriatic arthritis,
raising uncertainty regarding its potential effects on psoriatic symptoms. The precise mechanism
underlying the exacerbation of psoriatic arthritis by rituximab remains uncertain. This case report
highlights that rituximab can worsen psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, and that the complexities of
Devic’s syndrome may require medication adjustments.
Improving Type 2 Diabetes Care with Extended-Release Metformin:
Real-Life Insights from a Physician Educational Program
Authors: Molteni Laura , Marelli Giuseppe , Castagna Giona , Brambilla Luciano , Acerbis Maurizio , Alberghina Fabio , Carpani Antonio , Chiavenna Erika , Ferlini Maria Grazia , Impellizzeri Carmen , Paredi Roberto , Rigamonti Alberto , Rivolta Giuseppe , Disoteo Olga Eugenia
Published: March 2024

Background:

Compared to Immediate-Release (IR) metformin, Extended-Release
(ER) metformin reduces side effects and pill burden while improving adherence; however, there
is little real-life data on patient satisfaction with this innovative formulation to guide physicians
toward a more holistic approach.

Objective:

Our goal is to train general practitioners on holistic patient management, with the
aim of increasing patient satisfaction and treatment adherence, reducing side effects, and improving
quality of life in patients with poor tolerance to metformin-IR.

Materials and Methods:

We designed an educational program for physicians called SlowDiab,
aimed at establishing a holistic patient approach. In this context, adult patients with T2DM who
experienced gastrointestinal discomfort with metformin-IR were enrolled and switched to metformin-
ER. Data on glycemic control were collected at baseline and 2 months after switching. A
survey was carried out on patients to assess their level of satisfaction.

Results:

In 69 enrolled patients (mean (min-max) age, 68.2 (41-90)), side effects decreased after
switching from 61.8% to 16.2% (p < 0.01), and the mean perceived burden of adverse events on
a scale of 1 to 10 also decreased (6.17 vs. 3.82; p < 0.05). Among patients previously intolerant
to metformin-IR, 74.3% reported no longer experiencing any side effects after the switch. The
mean number of tablets taken daily (2.28 vs. 1.66; p < 0.01) and mean plasma glycated hemoglobin
(HbA1c) values (7.0% vs. 6.7%; p < 0.05) decreased, while 93.8% of patients were satisfied
with the treatment change. Moreover, 84.2% reported an improvement in glycemic control
after the switch.

Conclusion:

In a real-life setting, an educational program for general practitioners confirmed
that metformin ER reduces side effects and improves pill burden, therapeutic adherence, and
patient satisfaction compared to metformin IR.
Taraxerol: A Promising Natural Product in the Management of Inflammation
Authors: Jyoti Uma , Mittal Neeraj , Singh Thakur Gurjeet , Singh Randhir , Devi Sushma
Published: March 2024

:

Inflammation is a complex biological process that plays an important role in many clinical
disorders. The natural plant and its secondary metabolites play an important role in the prevention
and treatment of inflammation. Taraxerol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid found in medicinal plants,
fruits, and vegetables, and is a potent anti-inflammatory agent. This review explains the molecular
mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effects of taraxerol and its interactions with many molecular
targets, including NF-κB, MAPKs, and COX. Furthermore, the effects of taraxerol on oxidative
stress, cell function, and inflammatory cell signaling have been comprehensively described. This
review addresses the limitations and obstacles in taraxerol research, as well as provides insights for
future investigations. The findings highlight the need for additional research to completely understand
the therapeutic potential and clinical applications of taraxerol in the treatment of inflammatory
diseases.
Biogenic Amines: Catalysis, Quality, and Safety Aspects of Food Items Consumed in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mir M. Amin
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

In this study, the identification and quantification of biogenic amines in
45 commonly consumed food samples in Saudi Arabia were carried out. The enzymes responsible
for producing these biogenic amines include spermidine (SPD), putrescine (PUT), tryptamine
(TRP), tyramine (TYR), and histamine (HIS), which are synthesized through organo-catalytic pathways.

Method:

The diverse range of samples analyzed encompassed various types of beef, pickle varieties,
canned fish, vegetables, chicken varieties, spices, fruits, and salad ingredients. Sample preparation
involved the use of dansyl chloride after aqueous extraction, followed by isolation and analysis
using reversed-phase HPLC with a UV detector. In five beef samples, mean concentrations of
SPD, PUT, TRP, HIS, and TYR were identified as 9.41, 8.98, 155.8, 100.8, and 304.2 mg kg-1,
respectively. Canned fish samples exhibited mean concentrations of TRP, PUT, HIS, TYR, and
SPD at 71.6, 3.88, 29.2, 2.56, and 2.02 mg kg-1, respectively.

Result:

Among five pickle samples, mean concentrations of TRP, PUT, HIS, TYR, and SPD were
reported as 118.8, 39.12, 35.2, 27.2, and 2.56 mg kg-1, respectively. Chicken samples primarily
contained TRP, HIS, and SPD as the identified biogenic amines, with mean concentrations of 87.2,
105.6, and 5.22 mg kg-1, respectively. Fruit samples generally exhibited low levels of all enzymes
except for TRP.

Conclusion:

It was found that vegetables, seasonings, and salad ingredients either had undetectable
or low quantities of biogenic amines.
Exploring the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Cosmetics and
Beauty Industry
Authors: Mathur Harshita , Chaudhary Anurag , Sharma Devkant , Sharma Alok
Published: March 2024

The present work highlights how AI can enhance the personalized cosmetic experience
based on the digitalization of make-up by consumers, the selection of perfect product characteristics
and optimization of new cosmetic products on the basis of big data. Moreover, the different
AI technologies applied in cosmetics have also been presented in a concise manner. Cosmetic
companies are advancing and are expected to be even more advanced in the future. The present
work could provide a new direction in the development of an AI algorithm approach for cosmetic
companies’ development and for building a database for cosmetic applications.
Antidiabetic Potential of Apiaceae Family Plants- A Critical Update
Authors: Bag Sneha , Chatterjee Dipan , Ashique Sumel , Pal Radheshyam , Khatoon Heya , Kumar Shubneesh
Published: March 2024

Apiaceae is one of the biggest and most important plant families, comprising about
3700 species and 434 genera. Most of them are aromatic, flowering plants. The plants in this
family are beneficial for everyday use and treating diseases. They are a rich source of nutraceuticals
and secondary metabolites attributed to different pharmacological activities. Some plants under
this family possess antidiabetic activity through different mechanisms, such as inhibiting carbohydrate
hydrolyzing enzymes, stimulating insulin secretion, and regulating glucose transporters.
Diabetes mellitus has become a chronic metabolic disorder whose management is of utmost
importance in recent days. The present review aims to establish the use of Apiaceae family plants
in treating diabetes mellitus. The availability of plants, their bio-constituents, mode of action, and
experimental studies have also been briefly described here.
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale): A Promising Source of Nutritional and Therapeutic Compounds
Authors: Laila Umi , Kaur Jaspreet , Sharma Kartik , Singh Jyoti , Rasane Prasad , Kaur Sawinder , Bhadariya Vishesh
Published: March 2024

Background:

Taraxacum officinale, commonly referred to as dandelion, is a self-growing plant/ weed in various parts of India and the rest of the world (particularly the northern hemisphere). The plant’s chemical composition, including sesquiterpene lactones, saponins, flavonoids, phenols, and many other compounds, contributes positively to the human body, promoting overall health.

Aim:

This review aims to shed light on the therapeutic potential of dandelion by summarizing its nutritional benefits, phytochemical constituents, and effectiveness in addressing health conditions like diabetes, inflammation, and cancer. It also provides insights into the applications of this plant beyond the food industry to gain researchers' attention to unravel the unexplored aspects of this therapeutic plant. It will further help in laying specific considerations, which are required to be taken into account before the development of functional foods incorporated with dandelion.

Scope and approach:

Being rich in essential vitamins, minerals, and other phytoconstituents, dandelion is a natural remedy for various ailments. Whether consumed raw or cooked, the plant’s inclusion in the diet poses potential therapeutic effects on conditions such as diabetes, inflammation, liver disease, and tumors. It also aids in immune system modulation and fights infections by targeting microbes at their root. Researchers have developed various value-added food products by incorporating different parts of dandelion.

Conclusion:

This review highlights the therapeutic potential of dandelion, emphasizing its effectiveness against various health conditions. Insights into dosage, toxicity, and diverse applications further underscore its role as a versatile and promising natural remedy.
National Security Priorities for a Sustainable Energy Transition
Authors: Kapustina Yu. A. , Dzhancharova G. K. , Kulikova N. N. , Derevyagin D. S.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. Problems of the sustainability of national economic systems continue to remain relevant for a long time. States continue to interact on climate agendas and environmental topics in a tense geopolitical situation. Expanding the implementation of carbon footprint reduction technologies is becoming a prerequisite for partnerships and entry into new international markets for the supply of products and services. National priorities of states today are moving closer together due to the growing climate crisis, which dictates the need to intensify work on the implementation of ESG projects.

   The purpose of the study was to analyze the current state of the movement to reduce the carbon footprint and the results of the implementation of declared initiatives within the framework of international agreements.

   Objectives. The article set and consistently solved the following tasks: a review of the current state of climate change in the environment and the impact of declining environmental quality on the health and longevity of the population was carried out, an assessment was made of the sectoral contribution of various sectors of the economy to the formation and accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, an assessment of modern compensation carbon impact tools.

   Methodology. The work used methods of logical analysis, content analysis, statistical analysis of data on emissions and inputs, graphical and horizontal analysis, generalization and systematization of data.

   Results. An assessment of the current state of this problem made it possible to summarize the conclusions and results of research on this topic and to identify the main national priorities related to the implementation of strategies for switching to renewable energy sources.

   Conclusions. The article provides an overview of the level of implementation of resource-saving technologies in various sectors of the Russian national economy. Conclusions are drawn about the need to continue the environmental modernization of the national economic system and expand interstate cooperation on climate change issues and a sustainable energy transition to resource-saving technologies.
Analysis of Forest Use (Including Forest Income Generation) in the Context of the Existing Regulatory Framework
Authors: Stepanova Yu. N. , Tretyakov A. G.
Published: March 2024

The relevance. Trends in achieving sustainable development of the forestry economy and determining future prospects for the industry set clear goals for decision-making, which is possible with reliable and complete information about the achieved indicators of the forestry sector. There is a need to analyze the use of Russian forests, as well as consider the main directions of forest management, the dynamics of budget revenues, the ratio of payments for the lease of forest areas and the cost of products of industries that use forest resources in their activities.

   The purpose is to study and analyze the use of forests in the Russian Federation (including the generation of forest income) under the existing regulatory framework for the period 2016-2021.

   The objectives is to justify the need to modernize existing approaches to determining the value of forest resources.

   Methodology. When conducting the study, we used official statistical reference books of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, materials from reports of the Ministry of Economic Development, and materials from periodicals.

   Results. Based on the analysis described above, despite the steady increase in payments to the budget system from the use of forests, their share relative to the cost of products and services of enterprises using forest resources remains insignificant and weakly correlates with changes in activity volumes.

   Conclusions. Based on the analysis of the use of forests in the Russian Federation (including the generation of forest income) under the existing regulatory framework, it was established that only in a number of federal districts is there stability in the share of forest leases in the structure of the cost of placement. The current situation demonstrates that there is a discrepancy between the assessment of rental costs and the benefits that forest users receive from the exploitation of recreational resources. The presence of negative values actually demonstrates an increase in the benefits of forest users, which is not commensurate with the fees for the forest plot.
Economic and Mathematical Model of the Development of the Digital Ecosystem of the Regional Economy (Using the Example of the Kursk Region)
Authors: Babichev A. O.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. To form a system of measures for the digitalization of individual regions and the country as a whole, as well as for their effective implementation, it is necessary to develop an economic and mathematical model that allows assessing the current state of the digital ecosystem of the regional economy (DEED).

   The purpose is development and testing of an economic and mathematical model for the development of the digital ecosystem of the regional economy (using the example of the Kursk region).

   Objective: systematization of factors and indicators by categories characterizing the development of the digital ecosystem of the regional economy; calculation of indicators for each set of "Factor ‒ Indicator" for the Kursk region for the period from 2016 to 2021; conducting correlation and regression analysis for the categories "Science", "Innovation", "Human Resources", "Education", "Healthcare", "Households", "Business", "Regional Authorities".

   Methodology. The methodological basis of the study was: the method of statistical processing of information; methods of regression and correlation analysis.

   Results: factors and indicators are systematized into categories that characterize the development of the digital ecosystem of the regional economy; indicators were calculated for each set of "Factor ‒ Indicator" for the Kursk region for the period from 2016 to 2021; a correlation and regression analysis was carried out for the categories "Science", "Innovation", "Human Resources", "Education", "Healthcare", "Households", "Business", "Regional Authorities".

   Conclusions. Practical testing of the developed economic and mathematical model using the example of the Kursk region for some processes gave ambiguous results: a low value of the coefficient of determination, as well as non-compliance with the normative values of the Fisher f-criterion, t-criteria for the factor and the free term, which does not means the economic and mathematical model we have developed is incorrect. These results can be explained by the fact that in the region the processes under study, expressed in a certain relationship between the factor and the indicator, are at the initial stage of their formation or have not been formed. The developed economic and mathematical model for the development of the digital ecosystem of the regional economy allows us to assess the current state of the DEER, identify factors that constrain and stimulate its development, determine areas requiring financing, as well as the expected effect of the resources spent.
The Idea of Digital Business Transformation: Models, Changes and New Challenges
Authors: Kulagina N. A. , Chepikova E. M. , Grafov Yu. G. , Goncharov A. Yu.
Published: March 2024

Relevance. Digital transformation has been one of the key driving forces in the economy over the past few years, and the introduction of digital technologies is becoming an essential condition for an efficient, competitive and sustainable business. The article is devoted to the formation of the concept of digital transformation in the modern business environment, with a focus on the growing new challenges from the external environment. A wide range of studies devoted to this issue highlights various aspects, including barriers, strategies, elements and other components of this complex definition, which leads to the existence of multiple variations of approaches, both to the vision of the essence of digital transformation and its resulting parameters.

   The purpose of the study is theoretical and methodological elaboration of the issues of the essence of the categorical apparatus of the category "digital transformation of business" and the disclosure of its structural components, as well as clarification for further strategic management and reduction of the consequences of risk determinants.

   Objectives: analysis of statistical data on the level of digitalization of business in Russia; identification of key elements of digital business transformation; consideration of digital transformation as a business process.

   Methodology. As part of the study, materials from world rating reports and news agencies were used, as well as developments by representatives of the national scientific school, which was the basis for a critical analysis. Standard methods of statistical processing, generalization, and comparison were used. The method of classification and comparative analysis, as well as methods of structural-functional and strategic analysis are applied.

   Results. The article presents the main trends of digitalization of business in Russia. The author's approach to understanding the definition of "digital transformation of business" is formulated, its key elements are highlighted. A conceptual model of digital business transformation in the conditions of practical implementation of the basic development strategy is proposed.

   Conclusions. The technologies that form the basis of digital transformation are revolutionary in themselves, and in their synergetic effect are capable of radically transforming business and society, destroying old business models, thereby contributing to the increase of competitive opportunities and rapid adaptation to chaotically changing market requirements.
Biogeografía agrícola del chocolate en Colombia: Expedición CacaoBIO
Authors: González Orozco Carlos E.
Published: March 2024

Colombia es el país con mayor número de especies de cacao silvestre con aproximadamente 26 especies de Theobroma y Herrania. La deforestación en el bosque amazónico pone en peligro la subsistencia de esas especies de cacao silvestre que han crecido allá por miles de años. El problema es que desde hace más de cincuenta años no se han podido realizar expediciones a regiones estratégicas Amazónicas para redescubrir las variedades de Theobroma cacao y sus especies silvestres debido al conflicto armado en Colombia. Esta es la primera vez, desde 1950, que se realizará una expedición en búsqueda de cacaos silvestres en esas regiones con fines de bio-prospección y búsqueda de sus propiedades para la agricultura. En este estudio desarrollamos un método predictivo usando conceptos de la biogeografía agrícola aplicado a la agricultura del cacao.
The Relationship Between Changes in Mindfulness and Subsequent Changes in Well-Being Following Psychedelic Use: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jones Grant , Herrmann Felipe , Bear Adam , Carhart-Harris Robin , Kettner Hannes
Published: March 2024

This study demonstrates that changes in mindfulness predict subsequent changes in well-being in a data set including individuals who recently engaged in psychedelic use.
The Utility and Implications of Ambient Scribes in Primary Care (Preprint)
Authors: Seth Puneet , Carretas Romina , Rudzicz Frank
Published: March 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Ambient scribe technology, utilizing large language models, represents an opportunity for addressing several current pain points in the delivery of primary care. We explore the evolution of ambient scribes and their current use in primary care. We discuss the suitability of primary care for ambient scribe integration, considering the varied nature of patient presentations and the emphasis on comprehensive care. We also propose the stages of maturation in the use of ambient scribes in primary care and their impact on care delivery. Finally, we call for focused research on safety, bias, patient impact, and privacy in ambient scribe technology, emphasizing the need for early training and education of health care providers in artificial intelligence and digital health tools.
APPLICATION OF A SERIOUS GAME ABOUT NUTRITION FOR CHILDREN UNDER TWO YEARS OF AGE AS A FOOD EDUCATION TOOL: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Meyer Nícholas , Machado Marianne , Viegas Matheus da Trindade , Marques Clandio Timm , Vargas Camila Lehnhart , Londero Fabrício Tonetto , Benedetti Franceliane Jobim
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Feeding children under two years of age is often inadequate, one of the main reasons being that parents and professionals possess a lacking knowledge of the subject. Digital games can be a good way to enhance this audience's awareness, presenting new information in a playful and immersive manner.

OBJECTIVE

This work aims to describe the technical development of the game “Primeiras Refeições”, and to compare the knowledge of university students about feeding children under two years old before and after the application of the digital game.

METHODS

It was necessary to provide a questionnaire with ten questions about complementary feeding and breastfeeding. The questionnaire had to be answered before and after the mobile game application with the students from undergraduate courses face-to-face, in four distinct areas of higher education at a university in Rio Grande do Sul- Brazil.

RESULTS

The game was developed in Unity game engine, with original 2D art and commercially acquired sound effects. It is available on the Web and Android platforms. The focus of the game's mechanics was the promotion of breastfeeding, the appropriate consistency of foods for each age, encouraging the non-use of infant formula and ultra-processed foods. Data from 129 students were analyzed, where there was an increase in the average of correct answers from 4.67±2.01 to 5.26±1.89 (p<0.01) between Questionnaires 1 and 2.

CONCLUSIONS

The results show that the Intervention with “Primeiras Refeições” game led to a general increase in academics' knowledge of infant feeding.
A case of septicemia with meningitis caused by Neisseria weaveri in a 7-year-old child
Authors: Prokopiv O.V. , Lysheniuk S.A. , Karmazin H.M. , Bilavka V.V.
Published: March 2024

A rare case of severe septicemia with meningitis that developed as a result of infection with non-pathogenic Neisseria weaveri, which is better known as the commensal of the dogs’ oral cavity, is described in a child aged 7 years. The disease began acutely with fever up to 39 °C and vomiting. Later, these symptoms were accompanied by delusions, psychomotor agitation, sharp pallor of the skin and convulsions. Subsequently, the skin became cyanotic, hemorrhagic rashes appeared throughout the body. With the abovementioned symptoms, the patient was admitted to the intensive care unit of infectious clinical hospital with the diagnosis of meningococcal infection, infectious toxic shock syndrome type 1. As a result of the bacteriological examination of mucus taken from the nasopharynx and cerebrospinal fluid, meningococcus was not detected. However, blood samples contained gram-negative diplococci identified by Vitek-2 and VT2 NH ID cards as Neisseria weaveri. The uniqueness of the case is that in a typical clinical picture of generalized meningococcal infection with hemorrhagic rashes and meningitis, which was accompanied by shock, bacteriological blood tests identified a “zoonotic” type of Neisseria weaveri. As a result of the treatment, clear positive dynamics and eventual recovery of the child on the 14th day of illness were observed. The above case proves that recognition of this microorganism is of clinical importance, and non-pathogenic Neisseria weaveri should be considered as a pathogen that can cause severe septicemia with meningitis and shock manifestations, even without a history of a dog bite. The issue of the role of Neisseria weaveri in the development of the disease in children requires further study and an interdisciplinary approach with the involvement of infectious disease specialists, epidemiologists, immunologists, and microbiologists.
A clinical case of persistent Lyme disease in a child
Authors: Pikul K.V. , Ilchenko V.I. , Prylutskyi K.Yu. , Muravlova O.V. , Shaienko Z.O.
Published: March 2024

Background. The relevance of the study is due to the frequent occurrence of Lyme disease (neuroborreliosis) in the spring-autumn period. Official record of Lyme disease in Ukraine has been conducted since 2000, although the first cases were identified in the 1990s. From 2001 to 2023, the incidence of Lyme borreliosis in Ukraine increased almost by 35 times. Materials and methods. The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of statistical data on Lyme borreliosis morbidity from 2000 to 2023 and the most common cases of infectious pathology in children during this period. As pediatric infectious disease specialists, the authors present a clinical case recently observed in the pediatric infectious unit in Poltava. Results. The diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis is made based on a characteristic clinical picture and a serological confirmation. The latter is crucial in the diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis and includes 2 stages. The first stage is the assessment of immunoglobulin M and G titers by the immunofluorescence assay (IFA). If the result is negative, further investigation is conducted within the first 30 days of symptoms onset by repeated IFA 4–6 weeks after the initial test. If the analysis is conducted ≥ 30 days after the onset of symptoms, further examinations are not carried out, and an alternative diagnosis should be suspected. In case of a doubtful or positive IFA result, the diagnosis is further confirmed by the Western blotting (the second stage). The authors present a case report of a 6-year-old girl M., hospitalized in the pediatric infectious unit of the CE “Municipal Clinical Hospital 1” (Poltava) in March 2023 with a diagnosis of Lyme disease (systemic tick-borne borreliosis), early disseminated stage, myalgia, arthralgia, subacute course, moderate severity. Acetonemic syndrome. Stage 1 deficiency anemia. Metabolic cardiomyopathy. Speech development delay. Conclusions. Therefore, it is crucial to recognize Lyme disease with a progressing or remitting disseminated form, as specific therapeutic approaches exist that are effective for this disabling condition.
Applying Scikit-Learn of Machine Learning To Predict Consumed Energy in Al-Khwarizmi College of Engineering, Baghdad, Iraq
Authors: Mahdi Reem Omar , Hacham Wisam S.
Published: March 2024

على الصعيد العالمي ، تستهلك المباني حوالي 40٪ من الطاقة. تؤثر العديد من العناصر ، مثل الخصائص الفيزيائية للهيكل ، وكفاءة نظام التبريد والتدفئة ، ونشاط شاغلي المبنى ، واستدامة المبنى ، على استهلاك الطاقة للمبنى. في الواقع ، من الصعب حقًا التنبؤ بكمية الطاقة التي يحتاجها المبنى. من أجل تحسين استدامة المبنى وإنشاء مصادر طاقة مستدامة لتقليل غاز ثاني أكسيد الكربون المنبعث من احتراق الوقود الأحفوري ، من الضروري إجراء تقدير للطاقة المستخدمة في المبنى. تتناول هذه الورقة شرحاً للطاقة المستهلكة في مبنى المحاضرات بكلية الهندسة خوارزمي ، جامعة بغداد ، العراق. تم جمع بيانات الطقس لفترة زمنية محددة ومعلومات تشييد المبنى ووضعت في مجموعة بيانات محددة. تم استخدام هذه البيانات لمعرفة قيمة استهلاك الطاقة في المبنى المذكور أعلاه ، باستخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي وتحليل البيانات. تكمن أهمية هذا العمل في تقليل كمية الطاقة المستهلكة. يمكن استخدام نتائج هذا العمل للتنبؤ بالطاقة التي يستهلكها أي مبنى قبل بنائه. توضح المنهجية المستخدمة القدرة على التنبؤ بأداء الطاقة في بناية تعليمية باستخدام النتائج السابقة وتدريب النموذج عليها ، وتعتمد دقة التنبؤ على كمية البيانات المتاحة للتدريب في خطوات الذكاء الاصطناعي لإعطاء أعلى دقة. تم التحقق من التنبؤ باستخدام جذر متوسط الخطأ التربيعي ومعامل التحديد ووصلنا إلى 0.16 و 0.97 لـ متوسط الخطأ التربيعي ومعامل التحديد على التوالي.
Modification, Characterization of Tea Residue-derived Activated Carbon, and Ciprofloxacin Adsorption
Authors: Kareem Mohammed Alaa , M. Rashid Israa M. , AL Sbani Nadya , Wan Isaha Wan
Published: March 2024

تقدم هذه الدراسة وصفا للطريقة المستخدمة في تحضير الكربون المنشط  (AC)من بقايا الشاي. تم دراسة الخواص الفيزيائية والكيميائية وكفاءة الامتزاز للكربون المنشط المحضر. تم إنتاج الكربون المنشط (AC) على مرحلتين: الاولى التنشيط باستخدام حامض الفوسفوريك (H3PO4) والثانية الكربنة عند درجة حرارة 450 درجة مئوية. استخدم الكربون المنشط لغرض امتصاص العقار الدوائي السيبروفلوكساسين(CIP) . تمت  دراسة عدة عوامل تشغيلية  بدرجة حرارة الغرفة لمعرفة تأثيرها على كفاءة الامتزاز. تشمل هذه العوامل التركيز الأولي لـ CIP الممتز، ومستوى الرقم الهيدروجيني، وزمن الامتزاز، وكمية المادة المازة. تم اختبار خصائص الكربون المنشط باستخدام التحليل الطيفي للأشعة تحت الحمراء (FTIR)، والمجهر الماسح الإلكتروني (SEM)، وحيود الأشعة السينية (XRD)، وحساب المساحة السطحية والحجم المسامي بطريقة  (BET). تمت دراسة نمط الامتزاز وتبين بان نموذج Langmuir هو الموديل المناسب لعملية امتزاز CIP  على الكربون المنشط بالشاي  .(TAC)يتمتع الكربون المنشط المنتج بالقدرة على امتصاص السيبروفلوكساسين، بقدرة امتصاص قصوى تبلغ 256.41 ملغم/غرام. تمت دراسة حركية الامتزاز وتبين انه يمكن تمثيلها  بتفاعل من  الدرجة الثانية.
VALIDITAS MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KOMIK PADA MATERI SISTEM EKSKRESI MANUSIA UNTUK SISWA SMP
Authors: Nerita Siska
Published: March 2024

Proses belajar dan pembelajaran merupakan proses komunikasi di antara guru dan siswa. Komunikasi membutuhkan media pembelajaran.  Media pembelajaran yang ditemukan di sekolah adalah torso, hand out, LKS, powerpoint. Namun media ini belum dapat menimbulkan minat siswa untuk belajar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan media pembelajaran komik pada materi sistem ekskresi manusia untuk siswa SMP. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui validitas, hasil penelitian didapatkan media pembelajaran yang valid.  Pengembangan media menggunakan model pengembangan 4D, yaitu  tahap pendefinisian (define), tahap perancangan (design), tahap pengembangan (develop) dan tahap penyebaran (disseminate). Bagaimanapun, penelitian ini hanya dilakukan pada tahap pengembangan saja. Pada tahap pendefinisian telah dilakukan lima langkah yaitu analisis ujung depan, analisis siswa, analisis tugas, analisis konsep dan perumusan dari tujuan pembelajaran. Pada tahap perancangan telah dilakukan perancangan prototipe komik sistem ekskresi manusia. Pada tahap pengembangan untuk uji validitas, komik yang telah dirancang ini telah divalidasi oleh validator, yaitu 3 orang dosen dan 2 orang guru biologi. Hasil dari uji validitas menunjukkan nilai 79,58% (kategori valid). Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian, media pembelajaran komik telah valid digunakan untuk pembelajaran pada materi sistem ekskresi manusia.