bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of the instrumental support of the domestic computing platform "Elbrus 801-PC" in the problems of neural network modeling of nonlinear dynamic systems
Authors: Druzhinina O.V. , Korepanov E.R. , Belousov V.V. , Masina O.N. , Petrov A.A.
Published: November 2021

The development of tools for solving research problems with the use of domestic software and hardware is an urgent direction. Such tasks include the tasks of neural network modeling of nonlinear controlled systems. The paper provides an extended analysis of the capabilities of the Elbrus architecture and the blocks of the built-in EML library for mathematical modeling of nonlinear systems. A comparative analysis of the instrumentation and efficiency of computational experiments is performed, taking into account the use of an 8-core processor and the potential capabilities of a 16-core processor. The specifics of the EML library blocks in relation to solving specific types of scientific problems is considered and the optimized software is analyzed. The design of generalized models of nonlinear systems with switching is proposed. For generalized models, a new switching algorithm has been developed that can be adapted to the Elbrus computing platform. An algorithmic tree is constructed, and algorithmic and software are developed for the study of models with switching. The results of adaptation of the modules of the software package for modeling managed systems to the elements of the platform are presented. The results of computer modeling of nonlinear systems based on the Elbrus 801-RS computing platform are systematized and generalized. The results can be used in problems of creating algorithmic and software for solving research modeling problems, in problems of synthesis and analysis of models of controlled technical systems with switching modes of operation, as well as in problems of neural network modeling and machine learning.
Design and analysis of a mathematical model of the motion of a heterogeneous fluid in a well
Authors: Petrov N.P. , Petrova S.N. , Korzhavina N. V. , Lisovsky E. V.
Published: November 2021

The development of methods for modeling the motion of fluid in a well is an urgent area of both theoretical and applied interest. In mathematical modeling of real processes of fluid motion, it is possible to use a description using continuous distributions and use a well-developed apparatus of continuum mechanics and differential calculus. The purpose of the work is to synthesize and analyze a model of the motion of a heterogeneous fluid in a well based on the methods of continuum mechanics and differential calculus. The issues of constructing and studying models of the motion of a multiphase fluid in a well are considered. Systems of equations of conservation of phase masses, momentum and energy of a two-phase mixture are studied. The approach to the search for the optimal pressure of liquid supply to the well and to the estimation of the velocity distribution of liquid and particles is described. The results can find applications in modeling processes related to fluid movement, as well as in the development of technologies in the oil and gas industry, as well as technologies aimed at ensuring environmental safety.
Silicon non-uniformly doped nanotransistor biosensors
Authors: Masalsky N.V.
Published: November 2021

To implement effective biomedical diagnostics, it is important to evaluate the potential of non-uniformly doped silicon cylindrical field nanotransistors, which are comparable in size to biological nanoobjects. With such special engineering of the working region of the transistor, when high-doped zone is bordered by the source, and low-doped zone with drain, can significantly increase the sensitivity of the sensor, due to the fact that the gating mechanism of molecules associated on its surface, becomes more efficient due to the complete screening of carriers in the workspace. This improves the transistor's conductivity, which provides an acceptable electrical response. Research the detecting properties of longitudinally non-uniformly doped silicon transistor biosensors with cylindrical geometry, which function in the depletion mode, using computer modeling based on the developed mathematical model of the electric current of the transistor in the subthreshold mode, taking into account the requirements for conducting field experiments. Quasianalyticity model subthreshold current for silicon field-effect transistor with non-uniformly doping of the working area where high-doping zone bordered by the source and low-doping with drain, on the basis of analytical solution of 2D Poisson equation was designed. Several prototypes with different concentration conditions of doping between zones, ranging from three orders of magnitude to five times higher, were studied using the example of measuring the pH of solutions using computer modeling. In this case, the operating mode of biosensors was regulated by strobing the electrolyte. In all cases, the gating mechanism of molecules bound on the surface of sensors will be more effective due to the complete shielding of carriers in the working area. With a certain form of impurity concentration in the work area, it can potentially increase the sensitivity by a factor of ten and provide an acceptable level of response. Also, an important advantage of the non-uniformly doped sensors is their very low charge detection limit. It can be concluded that reducing the steepness of the sub-threshold characteristic is one of the main goals in the development of biosensors based on silicon field-effect transistors. And an effective approach is a special engineering of the working area of the transistor structure of the sensor, associated with its non-uniformly doping. The developed model and the results show that further optimization of the structure of silicon cylindrical field nanotransistor sensors can provide a significant improvement in their sensitivity, as well as obtain a reliable assessment of its limits, and serve as a factor for the development of equipment for biomedical diagnostics.
Analysis of the tendency of development of biosensors based on GaN
Authors: Agasieva S.I. , Smetanin E.A. , Vechkanov A.R. , Gubanov A.V.
Published: November 2021

Statement of the problem of this article - one of the most important problems is protection from especially dangerous infectious diseases. The use of biosensors in clinical trials will significantly reduce the time for obtaining the results of analyzes, thereby speeding up the appointment of treatment to patients. The purpose of the article is to present modern designs of biosensors based on gallium nitride, the possibilities of their application and characteristics. Consider the principles of operation, areas of application and characteristics. As a result, the design of modern biosensors and modern trends in their use from various sources of literature in recent years are shown. Biosensors, principles of their action, areas of application and characteristics are considered, which will reduce the possible socio-economic damage from temporary disability for sick citizens due to the rapid and timely implementation of anti-epidemic measures. Practical value: the proposed biosensors are of interest as devices for detecting diseases. The use of biosensors in clinical disease research has several potential advantages over other clinical analysis methods, including increased analysis speed and flexibility, multipurpose analysis capability, automation, reduced diagnostic testing costs, and the ability to integrate molecular diagnostic tests into local healthcare systems.
Sensory Evaluation of a Perfume Made of Orange Essential Oil
Authors:   National University Federico Villarreal Lima, Peru, Carranza Keneddy , Rodriguez Ciro ,   National University Mayor de San Marcos, Peru, Esenarro Doris ,   Specialized Institute for Ecosystems and Natural Resources Research (INERN) UNFV, Peru, Veliz Maria ,   Specialized Institute for Ecosystems and Natural Resources Research (INERN) UNFV, Peru, Arteaga Jennifer ,   Peruvian University of Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), Lima, Peru
Published: November 2021

This research paper addresses the sensory evaluation of a perfume made from orange essential oil, considering the sensory acceptance of a panel of experts. The methodology used gives as sample size eight formulations that were prepared and tested hedonically with ten experts in the field using the instrument on the evaluation sheet that represents five scales of smell references. The evaluation suggests that the most sensorial accepted and elaborated perfume formulation based on orange essential oil should be composed of alcohol (7.1 ml), orange essential oil (1.56 ml), lemon essential oil (0.226 ml), essential oil of cinnamon (0.113 ml) and bergamot essential oil (0.113 ml). The results obtained in the development of the sensory evaluation can conclude that the formulation (F8) is more sensorial accepted.
Effects ofAdding Hydrotalcite with Different Compositional Ratios in the Pyrolysis Treatment of Brominated Plastics
Authors:   Tokyo Metropolitan High School of Science and Technology, Japan, Hanazawa Kimi , Toritsuka Moemi , Morita Naoyuki ,   Tokyo Metropolitan High School of Science and Technology, Japan
Published: November 2021

In recent years, chemical recycling technologies related to the pyrolysis of plastics into fuels have received increasing attention under the circular economy agenda with respect to resource depletion. Herein, a method is presented to reduce halogen compounds in the product oil derived from the pyrolysis of polystyrene with tetrabromobisphenol A. Analysis was undertaken to identify the bromine compounds present in the residue after the pyrolysis treatment. Pyrolysis was conducted in the presence of hydrotalcites as a function of the Mg and Al additive composition ratio (type 1; KW-1000 and type 2; K W-2000). The bromine compounds identified in the oil after pyrolysis at 400 °C were determined as 2-bromophenol, 4- bromophenol, 2,4-dibromophenol, 1- bromomethylbenzene, 2- bromomethylbenzene, and 3,6-dibromo-2,5-xylidine. In the absence of hydrotalcite, bromine compounds were still detected in the product oil, residue and gas, whereas the addition of KW-2000 reduced the concentration of bromine compounds in the product oil. The reduced concentration of the bromine compounds in the product oil is suggested to be related to the trapping of bromine by the added hydrotalcite during the pyrolysis of the plastic.
Corporate Social Responsibility Communication and Company Reputation in Pandemic Era
Authors: Nurjanah Adhianty
Published: November 2021

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a way to build a company’s positive reputation. In the new media era and during the COVID-19 pandemic, online media has become an effective communication medium for companies to communicate CSR and build a positive reputation among stakeholders. This study examines BRI Peduli CSR communication during the COVID-19 pandemic through online media on the bri.co.id website that can increase BRI’s positive reputation. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research with case study method, data collection is done by in-depth interview and literature study. The data analysis technique was carried out by triangulating sources to get accurate results regarding CSR communications during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that effective CSR communication between companies and communities that are beneficiaries of CSR programs will greatly determine the program’s success. The CSR program is an official communication channel so that all stakeholders get accountable and reliable information. BRI has also applied the principle of digitization to new media but has not yet reached the level of interactivity and audience-generated media. Online media can build a positive image and be reported CSR Program massively during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Sonetos de mujeres en el teatro de Lope
Authors:   Universidad de Trento, Presotto Marco
Published: November 2021

El intento de clasificar las formas y los modos del protagonismo femenino en el teatro de Lope es una tarea titánica, dada la inmensidad de su corpus dramático y la gran variedad de temas y subgéneros que pudo desarrollar en su larga trayectoria artística. Propongo aquí algunas consideraciones en torno al tema de las competencias culturales expresamente poéticas de los personajes femeninos en las obras dramáticas del Fénix, para seguir el rastro de este rumor de las diferencias que los estudiosos estamos acostumbrados a percibir bajo varias formas en la obra del Fénix y en general en el teatro del Siglo de Oro.
Influence of Adherence to Leave Policies on Teachers’ Performance In Public Secondary Schools In Homa-Bay County
Authors: Akinyi Joseph Jane , Phylisters Matula , Ursulla Okoth
Published: November 2021

The provision of paid leave and time-offs are practices in human resource administration that aims at reducing burnout, stress as well as family-work conflict. Thus, provision of leave allows an employee to recuperate from the daily pressure of work. However, in the education sector in Kenya, information concerning administration of leave policies to teachers is not clear. In some counties such as Homa Bay in Kenya, secondary school teachers are faced with problems such lesson overload, inadequate time-offs for sick and lactating teachers, and inadequate bereavement leaves. The number of teachers seeking for transfer has also increased over the years. The purpose of this study was to analyse the influence of adherence to leave policies by school administration on performance of teachers in public secondary schools in Homa Bay County. Specific objectives were to determine the level of teachers’ performance and to establish the influence of provision of leave on performance of teachers. The study employed descriptive survey design. Target population comprised a total of 257 principals and 2,231 teachers. Yamane’s formula was used to calculate 292 teachers and 22 Principals from whom data was collected using questionnaire and interview schedule respectively. The study found that adherence to leave policies (F = 66.488 ; P = 0.0) as a significant predictor of teachers’ performance abeit with a low contribution (21.8% or  R2 =0.218) change in teacher performance. It is concluded that adherence to leave policies do not provide adequate satisfaction to elicit effort towards enhanced performance among secondary school teacher.
The Impact of E-Learning on Teaching Management of Primary Education in Rwanda
Authors: Ruth Mbabazi
Published: November 2021

The research conducted to assess the impact of e-Learning on the teaching and learning management in primary education in Rwanda. The researcher must test the validity of the learning using expert validation sheet instruments and limited testing using observation sheets, interview guides, questionnaires and documentation as the main instruments. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis techniques. E-learning is able to generate a high attractiveness and high learning motivation for the students. respondents to give their level of agreement to the statements relate to factors to that influence e-learning teaching management materials, it was revealed that 47.9% strongly agree that there is management of eLearning in their respective schools, 35.4% agree with the statement and 16.7% disagree that in Management of eLearning in your school with mean of 4.58 and a standard deviation of 0.43. Learner’s perspective on learning using e-learning, E-Learning teaching materials, Teacher perspective on teaching using e-Learning. (F=7.761, p value =0.000) shows that there is a significant relationship between p existing Learner’s perspective on learning using e-learning, E-Learning teaching materials, Learner’s perspective on learning using e-learning.at least one of the slope is not zero. Key words: E-learning, Learning Materials, Management of Primary Education.
Changes in physico-chemical properties and flavour compounds during fermentation of different obushera (sorghum and millet) beverages
Authors:   Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway, Mukisa IM , Muyanja CMBK ,   Makerere University, Uganda, Byaruhanga YB ,   Makerere University, Uganda, Langsrud T ,   Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway, Narvhus JA ,   Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway
Published: November 2021

Four types of Obushera, a fermented millet or sorghum beverage: Ekitiribita, Obuteire, Obutoko and Enturire were analyzed for their physico-chemical properties, sugars, organic acids and volatile compounds during fermentation. Standard chemical methods were used to determine the physico-chemical properties of Obushera. The organic acids, carbohydrates, glucose, fructose and maltose were analyzed by highperformance liquid chromatography. The pH of all Obushera varied between 4.00±0.10 and 4.42±0.11 after 4 days of fermentation. The pH of Obuteire, Obutoko and Enturire dropped below 4.5 within one day of fermentation. Acidity ranged between 0.13% (Ekitiribita) to 1.33% (Enturire) after 4 days of fermentation. Dry matter decreased and varied between 5.4 and 22% after 4 days of fermentation. Fermentation resulted into a 20–40% reduction of dry matter in Obutoko, Obuteire and Enturire. Enturire had the highest dry matter content and decreased from 22% to 13%. Fermentation resulted in an apparent increase in protein concentration (5.7– 12.3%). Flavour compounds identified included sugars, organic acids, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols and esters. Enturire contained the highest (p < 0.05) concentrations of most flavor compounds. Sugars (maltose, glucose and fructose) were reduced during fermentation. The predominant organic acids detected were lactate, acetate and succinate and increased with fermentation time. Alcohols identified in Obushera were ethanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-methyl-1-butanol and increased during fermentation. Ethanol was the predominating alcohol reaching a maximum of 0.8–1.0% (Obuteire and Obutoko) and 4.5% in Enturire during fermentation. The aldehydes detected in Obushera were acetaldehyde, 2-methyl-1- propanal, 2-methyl-1-butanal and 3-methyl-1-butanal and varied from 0.1 mg kg-1 to 6.8 ± 1.2 mg kg-1. Diacetyl, acetoin and 2,3 pentanedione were the ketones identified in Obushera. Esters detected in Obushera included ethyl lactate, ethyl acetate, ethyl butyrate and isobutyl acetate. Significantly higher (p <0.05) amounts of esters were detected in Enturire than in the other types of Obushera. Principal Component analysis, grouped Obushera into three categories (Ekitiribita, Obuteire/Obutoko and Enturire) based on flavour profile differences.
Entrer dans la « pensée transformation »
Authors: Barbier Jean-Marie , Marynowicz-Hetka Ewa
Published: November 2021

Ce texte présente le contenu du numéro thématique consacré à une réflexion sur « la pensée transformation », en lien avec les processus de professionnalisation, et de plus généralement avec les transformations simultanées des activités et des sujets par et dans les activités.
Le sens des transformations et les transformations du sens : les changements du sens de l’activité à l’échelle biographique
Authors: Rodriguez Daniela
Published: November 2021

Cet article porte sur la manière dont se structurent les transformations du sens de l’activité chez les dirigeants des entreprises de l’économie sociale (coopératives, mutuelles, associations et fondations) à l’occasion des événements marquants vécus le long de leur histoire professionnelle. Cinq éléments structurant les transformations du sens sont présentés : la dimension temporelle ; les émotions associées ; la reconnaissance d’un changement par le sujet lui-même ; l’énoncé de principes d’action associés aux transformations et l’imbrication des dimensions individuelle et collective. Par ailleurs, la lecture diachronique des transformations permet d’identifier le sens ou direction attribuée par les dirigeants à leur propre parcours. Ces résultats, obtenus dans le cadre d’une recherche qualitative par l’analyse narratologique (Labov) des récits produits par treize dirigeants d’entreprises de l’économie sociale lors d’entretiens non-directifs, caractérisent les transformations du sens et par conséquent son processus de construction et de reconstruction dans une perspective diachronique.
Transformacje w interakcjach: przykład relacji między rodzicami i dziećmi LGBT+
Authors: Gajek Katarzyna
Published: November 2021

Celem niniejszego tekstu jest rekonstrukcja procesu transformacji, jaki zachodzi w relacji rodzica z dzieckiem o nienormatywnej orientacji seksualnej lub tożsamości płciowej (LGBT+). Z uwagi na to, że przekształcanie siebie oraz rzeczywistości ma miejsce w toku podejmowanych aktywności, zatem z komunikowanych doświadczeń biograficznych narratorów zidentyfikowane zostały aktywności mentalne, afektywne oraz performatywne, a także związki między nimi. W badaniu uczestniczyli rodzice osób LGBT+ z terenu Polski, którzy byli dobierani zgodnie z procedurą kuli śnieżnej. Dane empiryczne zostały zgromadzone za pośrednictwem techniki wywiadu narracyjnego i opracowane w toku jakościowej indukcyjnej analizy tematycznej. Odtworzony na tej podstawie proces transformacji obejmował zidentyfikowane zmiany mentalne w zakresie postrzegania i rozumienia rzeczywistości, modyfikacje afektów, które dynamizowały aktywność podmiotu oraz czynności przeobrażających świat. Transformacje wyrażały się zarówno w postrzeganiu i przekształcaniu rzeczywistości, jak też działającego w niej podmiotu.
Emociones y habilidades comunicativas en la convivencia escolar en la IE Rural del Sur de Tunja
Authors: Cordero García Sandra Patricia , Chinome Alba Claudia Patricia , Garzón Bautista Andrea del Pilar
Published: November 2021

La comunidad de la Institución Educativa Rural del Sur, en Tunja, presenta una problemática relacionada con el maltrato físico y verbal entre estudiantes, acompañado de dificultades en las relaciones personales y rendimiento académico, atribuibles a un contexto social, en el que sus emociones no se desarrollan adecuadamente. Con base en esta situación, este artículo reporta avances de una investigación que se realiza para obtener el título de magister en educación; cuyo objetivo es ofrecer un marco de comprensión y reflexión de la influencia de las emociones en el desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas, como parte de una educación integral que garantice una adecuada convivencia escolar. Se propone para esto, el desarrollo de una investigación cualitativa, utilizando estrategias de acción, con base en postulados de Pedagogía del Amor de H. Maturana, haciendo énfasis en el discurso y las experiencias de los estudiantes y docentes en problemas reales relacionados con el contexto cotidiano. El desarrollo del trabajo se resume en cuatro fases: planeación, observación, acción y reflexión. Los resultados se analizan de forma retrospectiva, donde la observación directa, registro de campo, entrevistas a docentes y niños han dado paso a planes de acción y análisis en el vivir y convivir en la escuela.
STAVOVI UČENIKA NIŽIH RAZREDA O OSOBINAMA SVOJIH UČITELJA
Authors: Perdan Ilić Maja , Đermanov Jelena , Marić Dragana
Published: November 2021

Učitelj je ključni faktor uspešnosti promena u vaspitno-obrazovnom radu. Da bi došlo do željene promene, učitelju/nastavniku su potrebna mišljenja učenika o njegovim osobinama. Ovaj rad prikazuje rezultate empirijskog istraživanje na uzorku od 185 učenika drugog, trećeg, četvrtog i petog razreda, čiji je cilj ispitivanje razlika u stavovima učenika o osobinama svojih učitelja. Model osobina nastavnika koji smo koristili u istraživanju razvio je Nenad Suzić, a to su odnos prema učenicima i nastavi, stil i način rada u nastavi i nastavnik kao ličnost.
VIZUELNI SADRŽAJI U FUNKCIJI UNAPREĐENJA MUZIČKOG OBRAZOVANJA
Authors: Tanasković Marija K. , Klemenović Jasmina U.
Published: November 2021

U radu se razmatra povezanost sadržaja likovnih umetnosti i muzičke umetnosti, kao i to kako vizuelni sadržaji mogu biti integrisani u nastavu muzičke kulture da bi doprineli unapređenju percepcije muzičkih dela kod dece. Kako je jedan od ciljeva muzičkog obrazovanja razumevanje dela srpske i muzičke baštine drugih naroda (percepcija muzike), integracija vizuelnih sadržaja u nastavi muzičke kulture doprinosi i unapređenju muzičkog obrazovanja u najširem smislu. U uvodnom delu navedene su karakteristike muzičkog obrazovanja, njegovi ciljevi i značaj muzičkih (umetničkih) sadržaja za opšteobrazovni proces i šire, za holistički razvoj dece. Posebna pažnja posvećena je značaju stimulacije čula kod dece počevši od najranijeg uzrasta, sinkretizmu umetnosti i vizuelnim sadržajima u nastavi muzičke kulture. Na kraju rada dati su predlozi aktivnosti i sadržaja likovnih umetnosti u funkciji unapređenja muzičkog obrazovanja. Sadržaji u domenu muzičke umetnosti zahtevaju ozbiljan odnos i kompleksna istraživanja u svim pravcima sa jedinstvenim ciljem: da se stvori čvrsta i široka naučna podloga i osigura što šira društvena pažnja i podrška za dalji rad na njihovom unapređivanju.
TIRANIA E GORDOFOBIA
Authors: Pinto Samuel Saliba Morera
Published: November 2021

Os ataques a jovem que tomou vacina contra a Covid-19, em razão da inclusão do índice de massa corporal maior ou igual a quarenta na descrição das comorbidades elencadas como prioritárias, referem discursos com forte carga de gordofobia, e, assim, aspirações tirânicas divorciadas do respeito à liberdade e à dignidade humana. Como forma de combate ao autoritarismo crescente na sociedade contemporânea, necessária cautela das pessoas usuárias da internet, para que esse instrumento de comunicação seja utilizado como ato político; e fundamental que atitudes como o cancelamento do jovem sejam exaustivamente apontadas como contribuidoras do cenário político perturbador em que nos encontramos.
The Far East is a territory of advanced development
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Samuylov Valeriy M. , Serov Kirill D. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Kargapoltseva Tatiana A. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: November 2021

The article is devoted to the prospects of the development of the Far Eastern Federal District. The main projects implemented within the framework of the region’s development strategy until 2035 are considered. In particular, the Northern Sea Route is considered as a driving force for the development of the Far East, the problems of green energy - the new generation of energy sources introduced in the region are revealed.
High-speed railway transport as one of the key areas of development of the transport system of Russia and the Ural region
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Bubnova Guzal Arsenovna , Shpika Aleksandr Gennadyevich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: November 2021

The rapid economic growth of both the regions and the Russian Federation as a whole is inconceivable without increasing productivity, developing the transport system and modernizing infrastructure. The authors of the article consider the construction of high-speed railways as one of the key factors in the development of the transport system of Russia and the Ural region.
Research and selection of rational parameters of a refrigerated container terminal
Authors:   Tashkent State Transport University (TSTU), Aripov Nazirjhon M. , Ilesaliev Daurenbek I. ,   Tashkent State Transport University (TSTU), Kobulov Jamshid R. ,   Tashkent State Transport University (TSTU), Abduvahitov Shahboz R. ,   Tashkent State Transport University (TSTU)
Published: November 2021

The article considers the role of transport and refrigerated warehouse complexes in continuous refrigerating supply chains (CRSCs). A summary diagram of technical and technological support is formed, describing the relationship and mutual influence of the elements of the CRSC system. A structural and parametric description of a refrigerated container terminal is carried out. The classification of the parameters of a refrigerated container terminal according to various characteristics is developed. The relationships between the parameters of a refrigerated container terminal are presented in the form of mathematical models. The dependence of the capacity of a refrigerated container terminal with respect to the length of a site is obtained.
Four-axle gondola car with a load capacity of 60 tons with a wooden body covering of 1947, model 12-37
Authors:   Ural car building design bureau (UCBDB), Zavadich Alexey V. , Smolyaninov Alexander V. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: November 2021

The authors of the article continue to publish materials on the development and design of car structures and their elements at the Ural railway car building plant. The results of the work for the period from 1936 to 1941, during which the design-engineering bureau of the Ural railway car building plant (Uralvagonzavod) developed more than 30 freight car projects, are presented. The device of a gondola car with a wooden covering with a new numbering of schematic drawings, with the assignment of the model number according to the type 37.00.000-0 is given. The elements of the gondola car that differ from the previous design are considered in detail: the overall size, side walls, ridge beam and its elements, bogie, automatic coupling and brakes, and others. The technical characteristics of the gondola car are given
Revenus agricoles, aides directes et future PAC : focus sur les exploitations françaises de ruminants et de grandes cultures
Authors: CHATELLIER Vincent , DETANG-DESSENDRE Cécile , DUPRAZ Pierre , GUYOMARD Hervé
Published: November 2021

En utilisant les données du Réseau d’Information Comptable Agricole (RICA), cet article propose, dans un premier temps, un panorama des revenus des exploitations agricoles françaises sur la décennie 2010-2019, et de leur hétérogénéité selon l’orientation productive, la taille et la localisation. Il illustre leur dépendance aux différentes aides directes de la Politique Agricole Commune (PAC). Sur cette base, il analyse ensuite la sensibilité des revenus agricoles à trois scénarios de réorientation des aides directes de la PAC. Le premier considère une modification du mode d’octroi des aides couplées aux productions bovines. Le second mesure l’impact de la mise en œuvre d’une convergence intégrale, à l’échelle nationale, du montant du paiement de base par hectare. Le troisième discute de l’impact d’un renforcement du paiement redistributif sur les premiers hectares de chaque exploitation. La dépendance aux aides directes de certaines catégories d’exploitations, dont celles de ruminants et de grandes cultures, est forte et s’est accentuée. Elle rend économiquement et politiquement difficile une réorientation rapide et ambitieuse des soutiens de la PAC alors qu’il y a pourtant urgence à accroître l’efficacité climatique et environnementale de cette politique et de l’agriculture.
Optimization of state assignment in a finite state machine
Authors: Da Silva Ribeiro Reinaldo , Lima de Carvalho Rafael , Da Silva Almeida Tiago
Published: November 2021

In this research, the application of the Simulated Annealing algorithm to solve the state assignment problem in finite state machines is investigated. The state assignment is a classic NP-Complete problem in digital systems design and impacts directly on both area and power costs as well as on the design time. The solutions found in the literature uses population-based methods that consume additional computer resources. The Simulated Annealing algorithm has been chosen because it does not use populations while seeking a solution. Therefore, the objective of this research is to evaluate the impact on the quality of the solution when using the Simulated Annealing approach. The proposed solution is evaluated using the LGSynth89 benchmark and compared with other approaches in the state-of-the-art. The experimental simulations point out an average loss in solution quality of 11%, while an average processing performance of 86%. The results indicate that it is possible to have few quality losses with a significant increase in processing performance.
Development of a 3D WebGIS Application for the Visualization of Seismic Risk on Infrastructural Work
Authors: Mazzei Mauro , Quaroni Davide
Published: November 2021

In this paper we describe the potentialities of a tool for the visualization of experimental results directly on a three-dimensional model. The case study concerns the visualization of the results of a dynamic finite element analysis (FEA/FEM) applied to the calculation of seismic risk on works belonging to the Italian infrastructural heritage, specifically bridges, viaducts and overpasses. The project is based on finite element analysis performed on an exemplary set of 8 structures located on the Italian territory, performed by means of the open-source software framework OpenSees, according to the guidelines indicated in the Technical Standards for Construction NTC08. The application created for this project is classifiable as a webGIS, since all data are georeferenced and visualized on a map through an application executed through a browser. The graphical interface displays the interested works on the map of the Italian territory and allows to select them by mouse click. Following the selection, a 3D rendering of the model of the work and the surrounding terrain is shown, in which the results of the analysis are represented using color gradients directly on the three-dimensional model. The necessary tools are present for the selection of the type of result and for the animation in real time of the response of the work to the seismic action. The 3D representation is freely navigable by the user thanks to intuitive tools of panning, rotation and zoom through mouse and keyboard. The application takes advantage of HTML5, CSS and Javascript to show graphical features such as Cartesian diagrams of accelerograms used in modal analysis.
eDNA Inactivation and Biofilm Inhibition by the Polymeric Biocide Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Hydrochloride (PHMG-Cl)
Authors: Moshynets Olena V. , Baranovskyi Taras P. , Iungin Olga S. , Kysil Nadiia P. , Metelytsia Larysa O. , Pokholenko Ianina , Potochilova Viktoria V , Potters Geert , Rudnieva Kateryna L. , Rymar Svitlana Y. , Semenyuta Ivan V. , Spiers Andrew J. , Tarasyuk Oksana P. , Rogalsky Sergiy P.
Published: November 2021

The choice of effective biocides used for routine hospital practice should consider the role of disinfectants in the maintenance and development of local resistome and how they might affect antibiotic resistance gene transfer within the hospital microbial population. Currently, there is little understanding of how different biocides contribute to eDNA release that may contribute to gene transfer and subsequent environmental retention. Here we investigated how different biocides affected the release of eDNA from mature biofilms of two opportunistic model strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 (PA) and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (SA) and contribute to the hospital resistome in the form of surface and water contaminants and dust particles. The effect of four groups of biocides including alcohols, hydrogen peroxide, quaternary ammonium compounds, and polymeric guanidines were evaluated using PA and SA biofilms. Most biocides, except for PHMG-Cl and 70% ethanol, caused substantial eDNA release and PHMG-Cl was found to block biofilm development when used at concentrations of 0.5% and 0.1%. This might be associated with the formation of DNA-PHMG-Cl complexes as PHMG-Cl is predicted to bind to AT base pairs by molecular docking assays. PHMG-Cl was found to bind high molecular DNA and plasmid DNA and continued to inactivate DNA on surfaces even after four weeks. PHMG-Cl also effectively inactivated biofilm-associated antibiotic resistance gene eDNA released by a pan-drug-resistant Klebsiella strain which demonstrates the potential of PHMG-Cl as a new surface-active agent to combat the spread of antibiotic resistance in hospital settings.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of the Daily HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Men who Have Sex with Men in Barcelona
Authors: López Seguí Francesc , Oyon Lerga Unai , Laguna Marmol Laura , Coll Pep , Andreu Angels , Meulbroek Michael , López Casasnovas Guillem , Estrada Cuxart Oriol , Ara Rey Jordi , Quiñones Carles , Perez Felix , Fernandez Javier , Rivero Angel , Clotet Bonaventura
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention has been implemented in several countries. Previous literature has shown that its cost-effectiveness (and, under some specifications, cost-saving character) is dependent on the reduction in price due to generics, the time-horizon and its effectiveness. The intervention has never been studied in Catalonia, a territory with extensive implementation. Methods: Economic evaluation of the implementation of HIV pre-exposition prophylaxis using administrative data from Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) who receive the treatment (at the generic price). A deterministic compartmental model and a social perspective with a micro-costing approach over the time horizon 2022-2062 are used. A baseline 86% effectiveness of PrEP is assumed. Results: Daily oral PrEP is found to be cost-saving: discounted savings in costs are attained after 16 years, and after 40 years they reach 81 million euros. In terms of health indicators, 10,322 additional discounted QALYs are generated by the intervention. Results are sensitive to sexual behavioral patterns among MSM, the price of PrEP (reduced if offered on-demand), its effectiveness and the discount rate. Conclusions: The use and promotion of PrEP in Catalonia is predicted to result in substantial health and monetary benefits because of reductions in HIV infections. Short-term investments in the promotion of PrEP will result in important cost-savings in the long term.
Environmental Contaminants Acting as Endocrine Disruptors Modulate Atherogenic Processes: New Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Women?
Authors: Migliaccio Silvia , Bimonte Viviana M , Besharat Zein Mersini , Sabato Claudia , Crescioli Clara , Lenzi Andrea , Ferretti Elisabetta
Published: November 2021

The number of aged individuals is increasing worldwide, rendering essential the comprehension of pathophysiological mechanisms of age-related alterations, that could facilitate the development of interventions contributing to “successful aging” and improvement of quality of life. Cardio-vascular diseases (CVD) include pathologies affecting heart or blood vessels, such as hyperten-sion, peripheral artery disease and coronary heart disease. Indeed, age-associated modifications in body composition, hormonal, nutritional and metabolic factors, as well as a decline in physical activity are all involved in the increased risk of developing atherogenic alterations raising the risk of CVD development. Several factors have been claimed to play a role in the alterations observed in muscle and endothelial cells and leading to increased CVD, such as genetic pattern, smoking, unhealthy lifestyle. Moreover, a difference in the risk of these diseases in women and men has been reported. Interestingly, in the last decades attention has been focused on a potential role of several pollutants which disrupt human health by interfering with hormonal pathways, and more specifically in non-communicable diseases such as obesity, diabetes and CVD. This review will focus on the potential alteration induced by Endocrine Disruptors (Eds) in the attempt to characterize a potential role in the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the atheromatic process and CVD progression.
A Data Driven Approach to Assess Complex Colour Profiles in Plant Tissues
Authors: McAtee Peter Andrew , Nardozza Simona , Richardson Annette , Wohlers Mark , Schaffer Robert
Published: November 2021

BackgroundThe ability to quantify the colour of fruit is extremely important for a number of applied fields including plant breeding, postharvest assessment, and consumer quality assessment. Fruit and other plant organs display highly complex colour patterning. This complexity makes it challenging to compare and contrast colours in an accurate and time efficient manner. Multiple methodologies exist that attempt to digitally quantify colour in complex images but these either require a priori knowledge to assign colours to a particular bin, or average the colours present within an assayed region into a single colour value. As such, to date there are no published methodologies that assess colour patterning using a data driven approach. Results In this study we present a methodology to acquire and process digital images of biological samples that contain complex colour gradients. The CIE (Commission internationale de l'éclairage / International Commission on Illumination) ΔE2000 formula was used to determine the perceptually unique colours (PUC) within images of fruit containing complex colour gradients. This process, on average, resulted in a 98% reduction in colour values from the number of unique colours (UC) in the original image. This data driven procedure summarised the colour data values while maintaining a linear relationship with the normalised colour complexity contained in the total image. A weighted ΔE2000 distance metric was used to generate a distance matrix and facilitated clustering of summarised colour data.ConclusionsClustering showed that our data driven methodology has the ability to group these complex images into their respective binomial families while maintaining the ability to detect subtle colour differences. This methodology was also able to differentiate closely related images. We provide a high quality set of complex biological images that span the visual spectrum that can be used in future colorimetric research to benchmark method development.
Fuzzy Membership Function Dependent Switched Control for Nonlinear Systems with Memory Sampled-Data Information
Authors: Visakamoorthi B. , Subramanian K. , Palanisamy Muthukumar
Published: November 2021

In this paper, a fuzzy memory-based coupling sampled-data control (SDC) is designed for nonlinear systems through the switched approach. Compared with the usual SDC scheme, by employing the Bernoulli sequence, a more general coupling switched SDC that involving the signal transmission delay is designed. The Lyapunov-Krasovskii Functional (LKF) is presented with the available characteristics of the membership function, and a coupling sampling pattern, for the T-S fuzzy systems. Based on LKF, together with time derivative information of membership function, and the generalized N -order free-matrix-based inequality, the suitable conditions are obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) for guaranteeing the asymptotic stability and stabilization of the concerned system. Then the desired fuzzy coupling SDC gain is attained from the solvable LMIs. In the end, two examples are given to validate the derived theoretical results.
Constrained Abrasive Jet Polishing with a Tangentially Aligned Nozzle Shroud
Authors: Yuan Qiaoling , Chen Xun , Wen Donghui
Published: November 2021

In order to improve surface polishing quality and efficiency for hard and brittle components, a novel nozzle with specifically designed shroud was proposed for an abrasive jet polishing process. The removal mechanism of the abrasive jet under such a nozzle was investigated by simulating the jet flow in the interaction area of the nozzle shroud and workpiece. The simulation results show that the speed of the abrasive jet increases greatly by the shroud and the direction of the jet is aligned near parallel to the workpiece surface to minimize impact damage to workpiece surface. The constrained abrasive jet polishing (CAJP) experiments were conducted on the quartz glass component, a typical hard and brittle material, showing that the material removal mainly relied on the shearing and scratching of the workpiece surface rather than the mechanical shock impacts, which is consistent with the simulation findings.
In silico analysis of genes and pathways related to acute myeloid leukemia presenting leukopenia
Authors: Kumar Ajeet , Bhushan Ravi , Dubey Pawan K. , Tilak Vijai , Gupta Vineeta , Kumar Nilesh , Raju S.V.S , Ali Akhtar
Published: November 2021

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a type of blood cancers that begins from progenitor and hematopoietic stem cell. Chromosomal abnormalities include balanced translocations between two chromosome like t[8;21] and t[15;17]) in malignancies cells. The present study aimed to explore the AML presenting with leukopenia and gene expression changes induced in High-white count B-cell and Low-white count B-cell the total number of samples is ten. The raw gene expression profiles (ID: GSE20482) of bone marrow achieve from AML patient five High-white count B-cell and five Low-white count B-cell were expressed genes used to recognize differentially. These genes that correspond to official gene symbols were select for protein-protein interaction (PPI) and sub-network construction (score > 0.4). The functional annotation of Gene Ontology (GO) and pathways analysis were performed for those genes involve in networking.ResultsThe total number of 846 genes were identified differentially expressed gene and 406 gene were up-regulated another 440 gene were down-regulated. Other 14 genes are interacting with each other significantly identified. Including Hub genes DEGs GNB4, LAMTOR2, ACTN4, HGSNAT, TMED1 are up-regulated while down-regulated DEGs forming hub nodes were UBR4, FBXO30, KLHL21, DCTN6, RNF123, RNF114. AML has a major effect on the expression of genes involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis, cell signaling and modification of protein. AML cells enter the blood quickly and spread to the liver, spleen, and central nervous system. These are total thirteen pathways were enriched and these genes related to oxidative phosphorylation, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, endocytosis, phagocytosis, shigellosis, epithelial cell signaling in helicobacter, adherent junction, pertussis, bile secretion, malaria, African trypanosomiasis were found significantly affected by AML.ConclusionsHub genes like GNB4 and UBR4 provide as a novel biomarker in AML.