bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recurrence of Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Surgery May Be Related to Intestinal Oxidative Stress and the Development of a Predictive Model
Authors: He Yongfei , Liang Tianyi , Chen Zijun , Mo Shutian , Liao Yuan , Gao Qiang , Huang Ketuan , Peng Tao , Zhou Weijie , Han Chuangye
Published: October 2022

Background. Early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high recurrence rate after surgery and lacks reliable predictive tools. We explored the potential of combining enhanced CT with gut microbiome to develop a predictive model for recurrence after early HCC surgery. Methods. A total of 112 patients with early HCC who underwent hepatectomy from September 2018 to December 2020 were included in this study, and the machine learning method was divided into a training group (

N
=
71

) and a test group (

N
=
41

) with the observed endpoint of recurrence-free survival (RFS). Features were extracted from the arterial and portal phases of enhanced computed tomography (CT) images and gut microbiome, and features with minimum absolute contraction and selection operator regression were created, and the extracted features were scored to create a preoperative prediction model by using the multivariate Cox regression analysis with risk stratification analysis. Results. In the study cohort, the model constructed by combining radiological and gut flora features provided good predictive performance (

C

index, 0.811 (0.650-0.972)). The combined radiology and gut flora-based model constructed risk strata with high, intermediate, or low risk of recurrence and different characteristics of recurrent tumor imaging and gut flora. Recurrence of early stage hepatocellular carcinoma may be associated with oxidative stress in the intestinal flora. Conclusions. This study successfully constructs a risk model integrating enhanced CT and gut microbiome characteristics that can be used for the risk of postoperative recurrence in patients with early HCC. In addition, intestinal flora associated with HCC recurrence may be involved in oxidative stress.
Incidence and Temporal Trend of Antituberculosis Drug-Induced Liver Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Nannan , Chen Xinyu , Hao Zhuolu , Guo Jia , Wang Xuwen , Zhu Xijing , Yi Honggang , Wang Qingliang , Tang Shaowen
Published: October 2022

Background and Aim. Antituberculosis (anti-TB) drug-induced liver injury (ATLI) is a common and serious adverse drug reaction of tuberculosis treatment, and the incidence of ATLI has been reported to vary from 2.0% to 28.0%. This study aims to estimate the incidence of ATLI in patients who receive anti-TB treatment and describe its temporal trend in the world. Methods. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses standards were followed, and the protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020200077). Five electronic databases were searched to identify eligible studies published between 1990 and 2022. Search terms included anti-TB treatment and drug-induced liver injury. Studies that reported the incidence of ATLI or provided sufficient data to calculate the incidence of ATLI were included, and duplicate studies were excluded. Meta-analysis was conducted on the basis of logit-transformed metrics for the incidence of ATLI with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), followed by a predefined subgroup meta-analysis. Temporal trend analyses were performed to describe the change in pooled incidence over time. A random effects metaregression was conducted to explore the source of heterogeneity. All statistical analyses were carried out using R 4.0.1. Results. A total of 160 studies from 156 records with 116147 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Based on the random effects model, the pooled incidence of ATLI was 11.50% (95% CI: 10.10%–12.97%) and showed an upward trend over time (

P
<
0.001

). Patients who received first-line anti-TB drugs, patients in South America, and patients with hepatitis B and C virus coinfection had a higher incidence of ATLI (13.66%, 18.16%, and 39.19%, respectively). Sensitivity analyses also confirmed this robust incidence after the exclusion of some studies. The metaregression showed that different anti-TB regimens and geographical regions were important explanatory factors of the heterogeneity between studies. Conclusions. The present systematic review provided a basis for estimating the incidence of ATLI worldwide, which varied among patients with different anti-TB regimens in different geographical regions and with different coinfections and had an upward trend. Regular liver function monitoring is imperative for patient safety during the anti-TB treatment course.
Efficacy and Safety of Bifidobacterium Quadruple Viable Bacteria Combined with Mesalamine against UC Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xie Fei , Li Shichao , Fan Yao , Li Wusheng , Lv Qijun , Sun Xin , Chen Yingshuang , Yang Xiangdong
Published: October 2022

Objective. To systematically assess effectiveness and safety of Bifidobacterium quadruple viable bacteria combined with mesalamine against ulcerative colitis (UC) in the Asian population. Methods. An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases for a random collection of controlled trials of Bifidobacterium quadruple viable bacteria combined with mesalamine against UC. Following data screening and extraction, a Cochrane risk assessment tool was adopted to evaluate the quality of the included studies, and RevMan 5.3 and Stata/SE 15.1 software were used for meta-analysis. Results.Nineteen articles which enrolled 1,707 subjects were included ultimately in this study. The experimental group performed better than the control group in improving the Mayo score (

MD
=
−
1.94

, 95%

CI
=

−
2.69

,

−

1.19

,

P
<
0.00001

), increasing the total clinical efficiency (

OR
=
5.10

, 95% CI (3.53, 7.38),

P
<
0.00001

), reducing the levels of IL-8 (

SMD
=
−
1.79

, 95% CI (-2.36, -1.12),

P
<
0.00001

), increasing the levels of IL-4 (

SMD
=
1.00

, 95% CI (0.60, 1.41),

P
<
0.00001

), and reducing the levels of hsCRP (

MD
=
−
3.26

, 95% CI (-4.28, -2.25),

P
<
0.00001

), TNF-α (

MD
=
−
7.11

, 95% CI (-9.23, -5.00),

P
<
0.00001

), ox-LDL (

MD
=
−
14.46

, 95% CI (-17.20, -11.72),

P
<
0.00001

), and LPO (

MD
=
−
3.55

, 95% CI (-4.70, -2.39),

P
<
0.0001

) as well as increasing SOD level (

SMD
=
1.68

, 95% CI (1.02, 2.35),

P
<
0.00001

), and adverse reactions were substantially less than that of control (

OR
=
0.43

, 95%

CI
=

0.28
,
0.66

,

P
=
0.0001

). Conclusion. In conclusion, the current meta-analysis shows that Bifidobacterium quadruple viable bacterium combined with mesalamine has a satisfactory effect in the treatment of UC in China, and its safety is better than that of mesalamine or Bifidobacterium quadruple viable bacteria alone. However, randomized controlled trials with standardized designs and large sample sizes are still needed for further validation.
Anlotinib Benefits the αPDL1 Immunotherapy by Activating ROS/JNK/AP-1 Pathway to Upregulate PDL1 Expression in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Luo Bixian , Zhang Shun , Tan Dan , Yu Xinbo , Lin Jianwei , Wang Mingliang
Published: October 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the prevalent malignant tumors. This study is aimed at evaluating the mechanism of anlotinib (anlo) on tumor microenvironment (TME) in CRC, and its effects in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy. Firstly, MC38 and CT26 cells were both exposed to different gradient concentrations of anlo for 72 h, to investigate the cell viability and synergetic therapy efficacy with ICIs by CCK8. The results showed that anlo could obviously inhibit cell growth and showed no synergistic efficacy therapy in combination with αPDL1 in vitro. Then, we found the upregulation of programmed cell death ligand 1(PDL1) expression both in vitro and in vivo after anlo treatment. In vivo, anlo could enhance the percentage of natural killer (NK) cells and M1 macrophage cells and decrease the percentage of M2 macrophage cells in TME. Moreover, we explored the mechanism and we proved that anlo could activate reactive oxygen species (ROS)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/activator protein-1 (AP-1) signaling pathway to increase the expression levels of PDL1, IFN-α/β/γ, and CXCL2 in two cell lines in vitro. We also proved that anlo had synergistic effects with ICIs in vivo. Finally, it could also increase the mRNA and protein PDL1 expression levels in human cell lines, which was consistent with mouse CRC cell lines. However, there are still a few limitations. On one hand, the ROS/JNK/AP-1 pathway needs to be proved whether it can be activated in human cell lines. On the other hand, the mechanism behind ROS promoting phosphorylation of JNK needs to be explored.
Interior Soft Decoration Product Design Based on 3D Modeling and Image Processing Technology
Authors: Jin Ye , Chen Yan , Qu Jianing
Published: October 2022

In order to solve the problems of the traditional 3D simulation system of indoor soft decoration, such as the lack of effective enrichment, rendering means, and poor authenticity when selecting the geometric modeling method to simulate the effect of indoor soft decoration, this paper proposes a 3D simulation system of indoor soft decoration based on OpenGL and Direct3D. The system uses 3DMAX software to establish the indoor model, imports the model into the OpenGL 3D graphics standard library module, draws the indoor soft decoration scene elements using the basic geometric elements, and constrains the scene elements through the wall, overlap, and size constraint functions, so as to ensure the reasonable layout of the indoor soft decoration agent area and enrich the indoor model. After enrichment, the indoor model is transmitted to the Direct3D rendering engine module transformation unit to implement the soft decoration layout, and the lighting unit and rasterization unit are used to render the indoor after layout so as to obtain the optimal indoor soft decoration effect and output the 3D simulation image of indoor soft decoration. The experimental results show that the favorability, operation sensitivity, design portability, design satisfaction, and soft fitting effect score of the system are higher than those of the Untiy3D system and Smart3D system. The average score of this system is about 95, while the average score of the Untiy3D system is lower than 89, and the average score of the Smart3D system is lower than 85. Conclusion. The three-dimensional simulation effect of indoor soft decoration of this system is good, the design is convenient, the operation is sensitive, and the user satisfaction is high, which provides a reliable analysis basis for indoor design.
[Retracted] Analysis on the Effect of Wushu Project Propagation in Nonmaterial Cultural Field of Environmental Protection Based on Artificial Intelligence Analysis Technology
Authors: Li Enze , Wang Chunhua , Liu Bing
Published: October 2022

Since the beginning of the new century, the party and the government have always attached great importance to youth sports work and cared about the healthy growth of youth. The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have issued the opinions on strengthening youth sports and strengthening youth physique, which has initially formed a social consensus on promoting the healthy growth of young students. With the process of school education reform and the promulgation and implementation of the Ministry of Education’s opinions on implementing and ensuring the time of daily sports activities for primary and middle school students, especially the official launch of the “national sunshine sports for hundreds of millions of students” in 2021, the school sports work in China has entered a new historical stage. Under this premise, the status and importance of Wushu in the intangible cultural field of schools have been gradually improved. As an important part of school sports, Wushu in the field of intangible culture plays an important role in strengthening students’ physique, improving students’ health, and promoting students’ intellectual development. It is also one of the basic ways to realize school sports. How to better play its role has attracted the attention of many experts and scholars. This study focuses on the current situation of Wushu projects in the field of intangible culture in Weixian Middle School of Xingtai City, trying to understand its advantages and existing problems through the current situation, and put forward targeted solutions, so as to enable Wushu projects in the field of intangible culture to play their educational and fitness functions in school sports and provide help for the comprehensive development of middle school students.
[Retracted] Strategies of Ice and Snow Tourism to Optimize Ecological Environment and Economic Growth from the Perspective of Sustainable Development
Authors: Cheng Xiejun , Zhang Donghui
Published: October 2022

Due to the successful holding of the Winter Olympics, China’s enthusiasm for ice and snow sports has soared, and its enthusiasm for ice and snow tourism has also been further stimulated. At present, most of China’s ice and snow tourism (IST) attractions are concentrated in the three eastern provinces. At the same time, due to the increasingly harsh environment, the natural landscape of IST is also shrinking. Therefore, this paper aims at studying the strategies of IST to optimize the ecological environment and economic growth from the perspective of sustainable development. First of all, this paper makes a certain introduction to the current situation of IST. After that, the current IST resources in China were analyzed, and the three northeastern provinces were taken as the research objects, and the distribution location, traffic conditions, and development trends of IST resources were studied in detail. Then, the autoregressive model is used to fit the tourism resources and tourist growth with the economic growth, and combined with the trend shown by the economic growth model, a strategy for the sustainable development of IST is proposed. The experimental results of this paper prove that the regional system attribute of IST resources and economic growth model is between 3 and 5, and the average is about 3.6, which shows that the growth of tourism resources has a positive correlation with economic growth. Therefore, from the perspective of sustainable development, the economic growth of the IST industry should also focus on the protection and humidity development of natural ice and snow landscapes.
Inhibition of MAD2L1 Mediates Pulmonary Fibrosis through Impairment of Mitochondrial Function and Induction of Cell Senescence
Authors: Wang Lan , Wan Ruyan , Chen Xinyu , Guo Xiaoshu , Li Zhongzheng , Zhao Weiming , Yan Peishuo , Yu Guoying
Published: October 2022

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, irreversible, and progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by recurrent alveolar epithelial cell injury, fibroblast hyperproliferation, and cumulative deposition of extracellular matrix leading to alveolar destruction in the lungs. Mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 1 (MAD2L1) is a component of the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint that prevents the onset of anaphase until all chromosomes are properly aligned at metaphase and is a potential therapeutic target in cancers. However, the role of MAD2L1 in pulmonary fibrosis has not been explored. We analyzed the expression of MAD2L1 in lung tissues from control subjects, IPF patients, and mice with bleomycin-induced fibrosis via IHC, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. We examined the roles of MAD2L1 in ROS production, mitochondrial function, cell senescence, and the establishment of a profibrotic microenvironment. We found that MAD2L1 was highly upregulated in alveolar epithelial cells in fibrotic lung tissues from both patients with IPF and mice with bleomycin-induced fibrosis. Loss of MAD2L1 expression or activity led to decreases of cell viability and proliferation in A549 cells. Subsequent mechanistic investigation demonstrated that inhibition of MAD2L1 damaged mitochondria, which led to augmented ROS production and cellular senescence, and thus promoted the establishment of a profibrotic microenvironment. Taken together, these results reveal that alleviation of alveolar epithelial cell mitochondrial damage arising from augmentation of MAD2L1 may be a novel therapeutic strategy for mitigating pulmonary fibrosis.
[Retracted] Status Quo of Occupational Identity of Nursing Staff in Rehabilitation Department and Its Relationship with Work Stressors
Authors: Jiang Ting , Jin Qiaoli
Published: October 2022

Due to the continuous progress of social economy, medical and health technology and the development of disciplines have shown a trend of rapid development. In the current medical environment, quality nursing services are constantly promoted. Nursing staff are dedicated to their work to the best of their ability. Meanwhile, they should be rewarded with corresponding happiness and joy in their work. This study starts from the perspective of nursing management and psychology. On this basis, it investigates the occupational identity and work stress status of nursing staff. At the same time, the data are analyzed, and the relationship between occupational identity and work pressure is analyzed. This article provides a certain theoretical basis and support for the decision‐making of relevant nursing managers, and also makes efforts to improve the professional identity and work happiness of nursing staff. In this study, which surveyed 596 rehabilitation nurses, the nurses’ total occupational stress score was 74.52, with an average score of 2.12 points. The overall score for professional identity was 102.00, with an average score of 3.40 points. This belonged to the medium level. It showed that the occupational pressure of nurses should be paid attention to by relevant managers. Two of the five dimensions with the highest scores were occupational social support and occupational self‐reflection. A negative correlation was found between occupational stress and its dimensions and occupational identity and its dimensions (P < 0.01).
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and Amyloid A Amyloidosis: Association or Coincidence?
Authors: Lacetera Rosanna , Roggero Letizia , Vercelloni Paolo , Uzzo Martina , Carbone Marco , Invernizzi Pietro , L’Imperio Vincenzo , Pieruzzi Federico , Sinico Renato Alberto
Published: October 2022

AA amyloidosis may complicate several chronic inflammatory conditions. From a clinical point of view, causality between inflammatory pathology and AA amyloidosis can be assumed because of the data described in the literature; some of the best known include rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and chronic infections. Singles cases of inflammatory diseases have been found at AA amyloidosis. Causality becomes more plausible if at least two different cases with AA amyloidosis are both found to have the same rare inflammatory disease. We describe the case of a patient with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) with development of AA amyloidosis conditioning a nephrotic syndrome, likely secondary to failure to control the chronic inflammatory process. Only two cases in the literature describe the association of this rare disease and the appearance of AA amyloidosis. The treatment of AA amyloidosis consists in treating the underlying inflammatory disorder; to date, few effective treatments are available for PSC. Therefore, and in view of the limited data in the literature, we believe it is important to describe its association.
Subjective Thirst in Relation to Interdialytic Weight Gain: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies
Authors: Ashrafi Sadia Anjum , Phansikar Madhura , Wilund Kenneth R.
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Hemodialysis (HD) patients are often prescribed salt and fluid-restricted diets to reduce their interdialytic weight gain (IDWG) and prevent chronic volume overload and hypertension. However, adherence to fluid restrictions is poor, which may be due to HD patients’ excessive thirst. The purpose of the review is to explore the association between HD patients’ subjective thirst and IDWG, which may inform strategies to manage chronic volume overload. Methods: We conducted the literature search in Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library, until February 25, 2019. Studies performing statistical tests to assess the association between patients’ subjective thirst and IDWG were included. Results: A total of eighteen studies were included in the systematic review, which measured the relationship between patients’ subjective thirst and IDWG. Among them, 14 studies found that different domains of thirst and different units of IDWG are positively associated. Therefore, there is a positive association between the patients’ subjective thirst and IDWG. However, the findings should be interpreted cautiously as there was variability in thirst and IDWG measurement techniques, which might influence the estimated relationship in these studies. Discussion/Conclusion: These data suggest that strategies are needed to reduce thirst to control IDWG in HD patients.
Association Between Sustainability and Cancer – Recent Literature Analysis and Indication of Points for Improvement
Authors: Abreu Bruno , Erickson Nicole
Published: October 2022

Background: Unhealthy diets, the rise of non-communicable diseases, and the declining health of the planet are highly intertwined, where food production and consumption are major dri­vers of increases in greenhouse gas emissions, substantial land use, and adverse health such as cancer and mortality. To assess the potential co-benefits from shifting to more sustainable diets, we aimed to investigate the associations of dietary greenhouse gas emissions and land use with all-cause and cause-specific mortality and cancer incidence rates. Methods: Using data from 443 991 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, a multicentre prospective cohort, we estimated associations between dietary contributions to greenhouse gas emissions and land use and all-cause and cause-specific mortality and incident cancers using Cox proportional hazards regression models. The main exposures were modelled as quartiles. Co-benefits, encompassing the potential effects of alternative diets on all-cause mortality and cancer and potential reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and land use, were estimated with counterfactual attributable fraction intervention models, simulating potential effects of dietary shifts based on the EAT–Lancet reference diet. Findings: In the pooled analysis, there was an association between levels of dietary greenhouse gas emissions and all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1·13 [95% CI 1·10–1·16]) and between land use and all-cause mortality (1·18 [1·15–1·21]) when comparing the fourth quartile to the first quartile. Similar associations were observed for cause-specific mortality. Associations were also observed between all-cause cancer incidence rates and greenhouse gas emissions, when comparing the fourth quartile to the first quartile (adjusted HR 1·11 [95% CI 1·09–1·14]) and between all-cause cancer incidence rates and land use (1·13 [1·10–1·15]); however, estimates differed by cancer type. Through counterfactual attributable fraction modelling of shifts in levels of adherence to the EAT–Lancet diet, we estimated that up to 19–63% of deaths and up to 10–39% of cancers could be prevented, in a 20-year risk period, by different levels of adherence to the EAT–Lancet reference diet. Additionally, switching from lower adherence to the EAT–Lancet reference diet to higher adherence could potentially reduce food-associated greenhouse gas emissions up to 50% and land use up to 62%. Interpretation: Our results indicate that shifts towards universally sustainable diets could lead to co-benefits, such as minimising diet-related greenhouse gas emissions and land use, reducing the environmental footprint, aiding in climate change mitigation, and improving population health. Funding: European Commission (DG-SANCO), the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), MRC Early Career Fellowship (MR/M501669/1).
Treatment Motivation and Burden of Stress among Parents of Adolescents with Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Presenting to a Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Emergency Service
Authors: Kandsperger Stephanie , Madurkay Joseph , Schleicher Daniel , Otto Alexandra , Ecker Angelika , Brunner Romuald , Jarvers Irina
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The successful treatment of adolescents almost always requires parents’ involvement in the treatment process. Thus, parental involvement will impact further treatment, especially concerning the acute management of self-harming behavior of their children. Parental burden or low parental motivation for treatment can significantly affect the success of the intervention. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating how especially motivational factors of the adolescents and parents, as well as stressors of the parents, affect the course of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) after an acute psychiatric emergency presentation. Methods: Ninety-six adolescents aged 11–18 years who have been presented to an emergency service at a child and adolescent psychiatry clinic for suicidal and/or NSSI behavior were recruited together with their accompanying parents within the framework of a specified diagnostic procedure. This included detailed questionnaire and interview procedures for psychiatric assessment. The extent of parental stress and parents’ motivation for treatment and its relations to adolescents’ NSSI and own treatment motivation have been investigated in a follow-up examination in the aftermath of the acute presentation. We predicted adolescents’ NSSI at follow-up based on their own motivation and parental motivation and stress. Results: Data analysis demonstrated that higher adolescents’ treatment motivation was associated with higher parental stress. Also, higher parental treatment motivation was correlated with a higher degree of parental distress. Furthermore, parents showed lower treatment motivation when their children engaged in NSSI for a longer duration. Finally, lower adolescents’ motivation and lower parental stress due to own parental concerns were predictive for higher adolescents’ NSSI frequency at follow-up investigation. Discussion/Conclusion: Patients as well as their parents who present for an emergency service are especially likely to be exposed to increased stress and strain factors. During treatment, additional focus should be placed on parental stress and parental and adolescents’ treatment motivation. Identifying and addressing deficits in motivation, increases in parental stress, as well as offering support could favorably impact future NSSI behavior.
Bleeding following Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer in Surgically Altered Stomach
Authors: Odagiri Hiroyuki , Hatta Waku , Tsuji Yosuke , Yoshio Toshiyuki , Yabuuchi Yohei , Kikuchi Daisuke , Tsuji Shigetsugu , Nagami Yasuaki , Hikichi Takuto , Kobayashi Masakuni , Morita Yoshinori , Sumiyoshi Tetsuya , Iguchi Mikitaka , Tomida Hideomi , Inoue Takuya , Mikami Tatsuya , Hasatani Kenkei , Nishikawa Jun , Matsumura Tomoaki , Nebiki Hiroko , Nakamatsu Dai , Ohnita Ken , Suzuki Haruhisa , Ueyama Hiroya , Hayashi Yoshito , Sugimoto Mitsushige , Yamaguchi Shinjiro , Michida Tomoki , Yada Tomoyuki , Asahina Yoshiro , Narasaka Toshiaki , Kuribayashi Shiko , Kiyotoki Shu , Mabe Katsuhiro , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro , Masamune Atsushi , Hoteya Shu
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Few studies have focused on bleeding following endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in surgically altered stomach. We aimed to reveal the bleeding risk in surgically altered stomach following ESD for early gastric cancer (EGC). Methods: We enrolled patients with ESD for EGC at 33 institutions between 2013 and 2016. In study 1, we evaluated bleeding risk following ESD in surgically altered stomach, compared with whole stomach. In study 2, we evaluated factors associated with bleeding following ESD in patients with surgically altered stomach. Results: Of 11,452 patients, 445 patients had surgically altered stomach with the bleeding rate following ESD of 4.9%. In study 1, the bleeding risk in surgically altered stomach was not significant (odds ratio [OR], 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87–2.17) in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. No significant results were obtained when the surgically altered stomach was subdivided into various types. In study 2, the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that independent risk factors for bleeding following ESD were ischemic heart disease (OR, 7.52; 95% CI, 2.00–28.25) and P2Y12 receptor antagonist (OR, 4.81; 95% CI, 1.21–19.14). Discussion/Conclusion: In this nationwide study, we found that the bleeding risk of surgically altered stomach following ESD for EGC did not significantly differ from that of whole stomach. The risk factors for ESD in patients with surgically altered stomach were ischemic heart disease and P2Y12 receptor antagonist.
Ambulatory Phonation Monitoring in Prelingual and Postlingual Deaf Patients after Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Albera Andrea , Puglisi Giuseppina Emma , Astolfi Arianna , Riva Giuseppe , Cassandro Claudia , Mozzanica Francesco , Canale Andrea
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Hearing loss is known to play a fundamental role in voice production due to a lack of auditory feedback. In this study, we evaluated both fundamental frequency (F0) and loudness of voice on adult deaf patients subjected to cochlear implantation, and we analyzed these results according to the prelingual or postlingual onset of the deafness. Methods: The study population, balanced in terms of sex, consisted of 32 adults who had undergone cochlear implantation due to severe or profound bilateral hearing loss (16 with prelingual deafness and 16 with postlingual deafness) and their outcomes were compared with a control group of 32 normal hearing (NH) subjects. All subjects were asked to utter the sustained vowel /a/ for at least 5 s and then to read an Italian phonetically balanced text. Voice recordings were performed by means of an ambulatory phonation monitoring (APM 3200). Measurements were performed without cochlear implant (CI), then with CI switched on, both in quiet condition and with background noise. Results: Compared to NH subjects, deaf individuals were overall characterized by higher F0 and loudness values, especially in the vowel task than the reading. In the sustained vowel task, no patients demonstrated significant voice changes after switching on the CI; contrarily, in the reading task, the use of the CI reduced both loudness and F0 up to values comparable to NH subjects, although only in males. There was no significant difference in speech parameters between prelingual and postlingual deafness, although overall lower values were evident in case of postlingual deafness. The use of the CI showed a significant reduction of F0 in males with postlingual deafness and of loudness, both for patients with prelingual and postlingual deafness. Finally, there was a positive correlation between postoperative hearing thresholds and overall speech loudness, highlighting how subjects with better hearing outcomes after CI positioning generally speak with a lower loudness and therefore a reduced vocal effort and load. Discussion/Conclusion: We found similar speech performances between prelingual and postlingual deafness, both in the vowel /a/ phonation and in the reading, providing a further suggestion that prelingual adult patients may benefit from cochlear implantation in phonation as well, in addition to the known excellent hearing outcomes. Overall, these results highlight the ability of the CI to adjust in everyday speech certain phonatory aspects such as F0 and loudness by restoring the auditory feedback.
Multicenter Retrospective Analysis of Original versus Modified FOLFIRINOX in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: Results of the NAPOLEON Study
Authors: Nakazawa Junichi , Tsuruta Nobuhiro , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Kawahira Machiko , Arima Shiho , Ido Akio , Koga Futa , Ueda Yujiro , Komori Azusa , Otsu Satoshi , Fukahori Masaru , Makiyama Akitaka , Taguchi Hiroki , Honda Takuya , Shibuki Taro , Nio Kenta , Ide Yasushi , Ureshino Norio , Mizuta Toshihiko , Otsuka Taiga , Shirakawa Tsuyoshi , Mitsugi Kenji
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Original FOLFIRINOX (oFFX) is more toxic than other regimens for patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC); therefore, a modified FFX (mFFX) regimen with a reduced dosage has been used in Japanese clinical practice. However, very few studies have compared these two regimens. Methods: This study was conducted as part of a multicenter retrospective study of 318 patients with mPC across 14 centers in Japan (NAPOLEON study). To control for potential bias and confounders, we conducted a propensity score-adjusted analysis of patient characteristics and clinical outcomes. Results: oFFX and mFFX were administered to 48 and 54 patients. More patients with younger age and poorer performance status were included in the oFFX group. The overall survival (OS; median, 11.6 vs. 11.3 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60–1.40; p = 0.67), progression-free survival (PFS) (median, 6.3 vs. 5.7 months; HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.56–1.28; p = 0.44), and overall response rate (29 vs. 26%, p = 0.71) were not significantly different for the oFFX and mFFX groups. Thrombopenia and liver dysfunction were significantly more frequent with oFFX than with mFFX. The median received dose intensity of CPT-11 was higher with oFFX than with mFFX (299 vs. 270 mg/m2/week, p < 0.01). The propensity score-adjusted analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in OS and PFS between the two groups. Conclusion: In our data, there was no significant difference in efficacy between mFFX and oFFX, and mFFX has fewer adverse events.
Cabergoline-Induced Hypoprolactinemia May Attenuate Cardiometabolic Effects of Atorvastatin: A Pilot Study
Authors: Krysiak Robert , Kowalcze Karolina , Okopień Bogusław
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Hypoprolactinemia, which is usually a consequence of treatment with inadequate high doses of dopaminergic agents, is a poorly understood clinical condition. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether the cardiometabolic effects of statin therapy differ between patients with low prolactin production and patients with normal levels of this hormone. Methods: We studied two groups of cabergoline-treated premenopausal women with hypercholesterolemia matched for age, plasma lipids, cabergoline dose, and treatment duration: 11 women with hypoprolactinemia (group A) and 15 women with plasma levels of this hormone within the reference range (group B). The control group (C) included 25 dopaminergic-naïve normoprolactinemic women, matched for age and lipid levels. Plasma lipids, insulin sensitivity, and levels of uric acid, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen, homocysteine, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured before and after 14-week treatment with atorvastatin (20 mg daily). Results: Patients with hypoprolactinemia were more insulin-resistant, had lower values of total testosterone and free androgen index, and had higher levels of hsCRP and fibrinogen than individuals with normal prolactin levels. Although atorvastatin reduced total and LDL cholesterol and hsCRP in all study groups, this effect was stronger in groups B and C than in group A. Only in groups B and C, the drug decreased uric acid, fibrinogen, and homocysteine and increased 25-hydroxyvitamin D. In turn, only in group A, atorvastatin worsened insulin sensitivity and reduced free androgen index. Conclusion: Coexisting hypoprolactinemia may have an unfavorable impact on the pleiotropic effects of statins.
Consultas previas y resolución de conflictos territoriales en el marco del pluralismo jurídico: el caso de los Kichwa del Parque Yasuní (Amazonía ecuatoriana)
Authors: Cevallos Vivar Sofia
Published: October 2022

Este artículo está basado en una experiencia de trabajo de campo efectuado entre 2013- 2016, periodo durante el cual, acompañamos los procesos de organización del pueblo Kichwa del Yasuní (Amazonía ecuatoriana), frente a la intensificación de la explotación petrolera en sus territorios. Tomando en cuenta el contexto ecuatoriano, caracterizado por la consolidación del pluralismo jurídico en la Constitución política (2008), este análisis tendrá dos objetivos principales: 1. señalar el impacto de las reformas constitucionales plurinacionales en el ámbito de los derechos indígenas y las posibilidades y límites de la aplicación de estas reformas en contextos extractivistas; 2. abordar la manera como los Kichwa se han apropiado del discurso relativo a sus derechos- en especial del derecho a la consulta previa y al consentimiento- como herramienta contra-hegemónica para denunciar la violencia que viven los pueblos indígenas y desestabilizar el discurso oficial del desarrollo, entendido desde la lógica del mercado y del capital transnacional.
Masculinidade, projeto e poder entre bate-bolas do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Ribeiro Taynã Martins
Published: October 2022

Este artigo se propõe a pensar uma masculinidade a partir de uma perspectiva processual. O texto procura desdobrar experiências etnográficas do autor junto a uma turma de bate-bolas da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, dedicando especial atenção ao exame de uma série de estratégias individuais e coletivas realizadas por membros dessa coletividade em seus processos de construção de gênero. Dessa forma, algumas questões buscam ser respondidas ao longo do artigo: há, de fato, uma masculinidade partilhada pelos membros do grupo estudado? Que estratégias são traçadas por esses sujeitos visando a construção de suas masculinidades? Conclui-se que a participação nesses coletivos é uma importante fonte de identidade para uma parcela significativa dos homens que habitam o subúrbio carioca.Este artigo se propõe a pensar uma masculinidade a partir de uma perspectiva processual. O texto procura desdobrar experiências etnográficas do autor junto a uma turma de bate-bolas da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, dedicando especial atenção ao exame de uma série de estratégias individuais e coletivas realizadas por membros dessa coletividade em seus processos de construção de gênero. Dessa forma, algumas questões buscam ser respondidas ao longo do artigo: há, de fato, uma masculinidade partilhada pelos membros do grupo estudado? Que estratégias são traçadas por esses sujeitos visando a construção de suas masculinidades? Conclui-se que a participação nesses coletivos é uma importante fonte de identidade para uma parcela significativa dos homens que habitam o subúrbio carioca.
El cannabis en sus transformaciones: notas etnográficas sobre el proceso de regulación de la planta de cannabis y sus derivados
Authors: Díaz María Cecilia
Published: October 2022

Este artículo se desprende de una etnografía realizada entre redes translocales de activistas que impulsaron la sanción de la Ley de Cannabis Medicinal en Argentina en 2017. El análisis considera en detalle determinadas actuaciones administrativas y acciones militantes para centrarse en el proceso de metamorfosis de la planta de cannabis y sus derivados durante los últimos años. A través de entrevistas en profundidad, análisis documental y observación participante, se reconstruye el devenir del cannabis en medicamento de uso compasivo; sus oscilaciones entre estupefaciente y herramienta terapéutica; y su más reciente resignificación como producto capaz de promover el desarrollo económico. La investigación propone comprender al cannabis como “sustancia transgresora” (Taussig, 2013) en la que se reúnen la continuidad de modos clasificatorios prohibicionistas y la emergencia de otras formas de pensar sobre –y relacionarse con– la planta, tal como se observa en las trayectorias de vida de aquellas personas que se tornaron cultivadoras, investigadoras, y usuarias terapéuticas.
Effect of Pulsed-Field and Radiofrequency Ablation on Heterogeneous Ventricular Scar in a Swine Model of Healed Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Younis Arwa , Zilberman Israel , Krywanczyk Alison , Higuchi Koji , Yavin Hagai D. , Sroubek Jakub , Anter Elad
Published: October 2022

Background:

Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is a nonthermal energy with higher selectivity to myocardial tissue in comparison to radiofrequency ablation (RFA). We compared the effects of PFA and RFA on heterogeneous ventricular scar in a swine model of healed infarction.

Methods:

In 9 swine, myocardial infarction was created by balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending artery. After a survival period of 8 to 10 weeks, ablation with PFA or RFA was performed at infarct border zones identified by abnormal electrograms. In the PFA group (4 swine), ablation was performed with a lattice catheter (Sphere-9, Affera, Inc). In the RFA group (5 swine), ablation was performed using a 3.5-mm tip catheter (Thermocool ST-SF; Biosense Webster). To further investigate the effect of RFA on temperature development in scar tissue, intramyocardial temperature was measured in healthy and infarcted myocardium using an ex vivo bath model.

Results:

A total of 11 PFA and 15 RFA lesions were created at infarct border zones with heterogeneous scar. PFA produced uniform and well-demarcated lesions exhibiting irreversible injury characterized by cardiomyocyte death, contraction bands, and lymphocytic infiltration. This effect of PFA extended from the subendocardium through collagen and fat to the epicardial layers. In contrast, the effect of RFA is less uniform and largely limited to the subendocardium with minimal effect on viable myocardium deeper to separating layers of collagen and fat. PFA produced deeper and more transmural lesions (6.4 [interquartile range, 5.5–7.5) versus 5.4 [interquartile range, 4.8–5.9]), 72% versus 30%, respectively;
P
≤0.02 for each comparison). The limited effect of RFA on viable myocardium at deeper infarct layers was related to a lower intramyocardial maximal temperature compared with healthy myocardium (
P
=0.01).

Conclusions:

PFA may be advantageous for ablation in ventricular scar, producing lesions that unlike RFA are not limited to the subendocardium, but also eliminate viable myocardium separated from the catheter by collagen and fat.
The Significance of Aristotle's Four Causes in Design Research
Authors: Hennig Boris , Rauterberg Matthias
Published: October 2022

In this article we demonstrate that and why Aristotle's four causes are essential for a scientific articulation of designerly knowledge. We show that properly understood, Aristotle's notion of a cause, including the final cause, is not in conflict with modern science. Rather, when it comes to understanding living beings as such, all of the four Aristotelian causes are still crucial. We argue that this implies that design research, too, must appeal to the four causes, because artifacts must be understood in terms of the role they play in the life of living beings.
No Evidence for Semantic Prediction Deficits in Individuals With Cerebellar Degeneration
Authors: King Maedbh , Bruinsma Sienna , Ivry Richard B.
Published: October 2022

Cerebellar involvement in language processing has received considerable attention in the neuroimaging and neuropsychology literatures. Building off the motor control literature, one account of this involvement centers on the idea of internal models. In the context of language, this hypothesis suggests that the cerebellum is essential for building semantic models that, in concert with the cerebral cortex, help anticipate or predict linguistic input. To date, supportive evidence has primarily come from neuroimaging studies showing that cerebellar activation increases in contexts in which semantic predictions are generated and violated. Taking a neuropsychological approach, we put the internal model hypothesis to the test, asking if individuals with cerebellar degeneration (n = 14) show reduced sensitivity to semantic prediction. Using a sentence verification task, we compare reaction time to sentences that vary in terms of cloze probability. We also evaluated a more constrained variant of the prediction hypothesis, asking if the cerebellum facilitates the generation of semantic predictions when the content of a sentence refers to a dynamic rather than static mental transformation. The results failed to support either hypothesis: Compared to matched control participants (n = 17), individuals with cerebellar degeneration showed a similar reduction in reaction time for sentences with high cloze probability and no selective impairment in predictions involving dynamic transformations. These results challenge current theorizing about the role of the cerebellum in language processing, pointing to a misalignment between neuroimaging and neuropsychology research on this topic.
Who Represents the Domestic Voice? Diversity, Equity and Inclusion in Citizen Diplomacy
Authors: Popkova Anna , Michaels Jodi Hope
Published: October 2022

At its core, diplomacy is about representation. Including the domestic voice in diplomatic work pushes us to reflect critically on who represents our local communities to international constituents. To what extent is the diversity of local communities reflected in such diplomatic initiatives as, for example, state-supported citizen diplomacy programmes? This article argues for the importance of diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) work at the local level to the policy goals that citizen diplomacy programmes support. The article draws on the concept of ‘subaltern counterpublics’ to emphasise the importance of DEI efforts at the local level for more inclusive and authentic diplomacy globally. The article also discusses some of the current practices of intentionally incorporating DEI initiatives into citizen diplomacy work among civil society actors.
Description of a new species of Meganola Dyar, 1898 (Lepidoptera, Nolidae, Nolinae), with new records of Meganola in China
Authors: ZHANG BEI-BEI , HU YAN-QING
Published: October 2022

The genus Meganola Dyar, 1898 was described from North America with type species, Meganola conspicua Dyar, 1898 by monotype. Poole (1898) assigned to it all taxa of Roeselia Hübner (which is currently a synonym of Nola Leach), except those of Sarbena Walker and Proneca Swinhoe. Meganola is widely distributed in the Old and New Worlds (Hacker et al., 2012; László et al., 2015).
A survey of the East Palaearctic Gnaphosidae (Araneae). 12. A review of Sidydrassus Esyunin & Tuneva, 2002
Authors: FOMICHEV ALEXANDER A.
Published: October 2022

The gnaphosid spider genus Sidydrassus Esyunin & Tuneva, 2002 is currently known to contain only three species: S. shumakovi (Spassky, 1934) (♂♀, the type species), S. tianschanicus (Hu & Wu, 1989) (♂♀) and S. rogue Tuneva, 2004 (♂). A revision of new material has revealed one more species, S. saiynovi sp. n. (♂) from Kazakhstan. Furthermore, the previously unknown female of S. rogue is described. The redescriptions and new faunistic records of S. shumakovi and S. tianschanicus are provided as well, and the known distribution of the genus is mapped. The defining key to Sidydrassus species is provided and possible relationships within the genus are briefly discussed.