bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LIPOLYTIC BACTERIA FROM OIL CONTAMINATED SOIL FROM PETROL BUNK AT SOUTHEAST BANGALORE.
Authors: Sahu Ajay Kumar , Nemani Rahul , Acharya Prangya Prangya , Sinha Rupali , Sengupta Subhranil , Pradhan Bibekananda
Published: July 2019

The isolation of oil contaminated sites and gravimetric analysis of degradation in which, two bacterial formed maximum clearing zones on minerals salt medium. An increase in cell number indicating that the bacterial isolation was responsible for the oil degradation .the collected oil contaminated sites at kormongala, Indra nagar, MTTC culture , micrococcus spp., Bacillus spp., pseudomonas spp., which are able to utilize the oil in soil as carbon sources, were added to oil contaminated soil sample , the growth profiles were determined by monitoring the optical density, dry weight and Ph of the culture utilizing lubricating oil as sole sources of carbon, Bushnell  Haas media supplemented with petrol, kerosene and diesel as sole carbon sources was used for isolation of bacteria capable of degrading these petroleum fractionates. From three soil sample and two water sample, a total of nine bacterial strains were isolated capable of degrading petrol, kerosene and diesel with varying tolerance capacities, the isolates were identify by using standard biochemical test and morphological studies and it was determined that these strains belong to six bacterial genera .the present study suggest that the isolated bacterial species could be employed for bioremediation in environment polluted with petroleum and its products, indigenously from the soil and water contaminated with crude oil in the vicinity of oil drilling well were found to be most efficient crude oil utilize as turbidity observed by spectrophotometrically. In the various study of lipolytic bacteria concluded that the taken of oil contaminated soil from from petroleum bunk and to identify their biochemical characterization by using various sources. How it’s helpful for characterize by using of lipolytic bacteria
Histopathological Effects of Potassium Bromate on Liver Male Rat's and Possible Protective Role of Ruta chalepensis L. (Rutacae) Oil Extract
Authors: Gheth Ebtesam M. M. , Eldurssi Ibrahim S , Algassi Abdullah A. H. , Abdalla Gasem M.  A. , Hamad Mabroka A. S.
Published: July 2019

Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is an oxidizing agent that has been used as a food additive, mainly in the bread-making process. Ruta chalepensis L. (Family-Rutaceae) is a small shrub, native to the Mediterranean Basin. The present study aimed to investigate the protective and curative effects of R. chalepensis oil extract against KBrO3 toxicity on liver of male rats. Fifty male albino rats were divided into five groups. The first group served as a control group. The second group was administered Rue at an oral daily dose of 0.5 g/Animal for four weeks. The third group received KBrO3 100 mg/kg/b. w. for four weeks. The fourth group (protective group) was initially administered Rue alone for 2 weeks and followed by KBrO3 in association with Rue for 2 weeks. The fifth group (therapeutic group) was first given KBrO3 alone for 2 weeks and was then administered Rue in association with KBrO3 for 2 weeks. At the end of 2nd and 4th weeks of treatment, the liver tissues were dissected out for histopathological studies. Histopathological sections of rats administered with Rue showed the same histological observations as in the liver of control animals. KBrO3 treated rats exhibited marked congestion and dilatation of the blood vessels, the central veins and the portal veins. Additionally, marked infiltrative inflammatory cells were revealed. The occurrence of the cellular necrobiotic lesions and nuclei in these necrotic cells showed pyknosis. They also, showed cellular atrophied and hyaline degeneration of the cytoplasm. Vacuoles of different shapes and sizes were developed in the hepatocytes. Blood vessels being thick walled and fibrotic encircled by an inflammatory area rich in leucocytes. The protective and therapeutic groups showed marked hepatoprotective activity and better improvement than that noticed in the group which was given KBrO3 only. It may be concluded from the results that the hepatotoxic effect of KBrO3 and the ameliorative effect of Rue an effective when administrated as protective and therapeutic measures. Keywords: Rat, Liver, Potassium Bromate, Ruta chalepensis, Histopathology.
Pharmacological evaluation of Chloroxylonswietenia DC bark extract on alloxan induced Diabetic nephropathy in Wistar rats
Authors: Kaur Manpreet , Sharma Amit , Kaushik Madan
Published: July 2019

Diabetes is now a days consider as common problem with serious issues. Diabetes cause various other dysfunctions and issues in various organs and parts of bodies, so it should be cured and treated. Chloroxylonswietenia DC bark extract proved to be helpful in treating diabetic problems. It is highly available and can cure various other problems caused by diabetes in bodies. In present study we have studied various properties, functions, effects, of extracts of Chloroxylonswietenia DC bark extracton alloxan induced Diabetic nephropathy in Wistar rats.
An Overview of Nanogel –Novel Drug Delivery System
Authors: Jain Saloni , Ancheria Rahul Kumar , Shrivastava Saumya , Soni Shankar Lal , Sharma Mukesh
Published: July 2019

Nanogels are innovative drug delivery system that can play an integral part in pointing out many issues related to old and modern courses of treatment such as nonspecific effects and poor stability. Biomedical and pharmaceutical applications of Nanogels have been explored for tissue regeneration, wound healing, surgical device, implantation, and peroral, rectal, vaginal, ocular, and transdermal drug delivery. Nanogels are proficiently internalized by the target cells, avoid accumulating in nontarget tissues thereby lower the therapeutic dosage and minimize harmful side effects. Nanogels may be defined as highly cross linked nano-sized hydrogels ranges from 20-200 nm. They can be administered through various routes, including oral, pulmonary, nasal, parenteral, intra-ocular etc. They have a high degree of drug loading capacity and it shows better permeation capabilities due to smaller size. Nanogels are the novel drug delivery systems for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs.
An Overview of Pharmaceutical Co-Crystal
Authors: Ancheria Rahul Kumar , Jain Saloni , Kumar Deepak , Soni Sankar Lal , Sharma Mukesh
Published: July 2019

Pharmaceutical co-crystals are nonionic supramolecular complexes and supramolecular chemistry. Pharmaceutical co-crystal consists of active pharmaceutical ingredients and coformers. Pharmaceutical co-crystals can be employed to improve vital physicochemical characteristics of a drug, including solubility, dissolution, bioavailability and stability of pharmaceutical compounds while maintaining its therapeutic activity. Co-crystals can be constructed through several types of interaction, including hydrogen bonding, pi-stacking, and vander Waals forces. Pharmaceutical co-crystals could play a major role in the future of API formulation. Pharmaceutical co-crystal can be improvement future aspect problems related physicochemical properties of API
Apresentação: questões de Aquisição da Linguagem (Presentation: Language Acquisition issues)
Authors: Oliveira Marian , Pacheco Vera , Baia Maria de Fátima Almeida
Published: July 2019

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Estudo comparativo da aquisição segmental e prosódica em crianças prematuras e a termo (Comparative study of segmental and prosodic acquisition in premature children and the term)
Authors: Oliveira Júnior Miguel , Payão Luzia Miscow da Cruz , Santos Daniela Monique Tavares dos
Published: July 2019

Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever e comparar a aquisição dos sons da fala e de unidades prosódicas mais baixas na hierarquia prosódica entre crianças a termo e prematuras. Participaram do estudo quatro crianças prematuras e três a termo com idade variando entre 12 e 30 meses. Os dados foram coletados por meio da avaliação com fala espontânea. Constatou-se que os movimentos de análise centrípeta-centrífuga direcionaram a produção de fala dos sujeitos. Verificou-se diferença referente ao preenchimento vocálico, sugerindo aptidão para estruturação e organização das frases, pois são as vogais que possibilitam às crianças aprenderem as regularidades sintáticas das línguas.
Aquisição fonológica atípica: o que os dados de crianças brasileiras e portuguesas revelam (Atypical phonological acquisition: what data from Brazilian and Portuguese children reveal)
Authors: Lazzarotto-Volcão Cristiane
Published: July 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar dados de fala de crianças brasileiras e portuguesas com desvio fonológico, a partir do Modelo Padrão de Aquisição de Contrastes para o português brasileiro e para o português europeu, o PAC-PB e o PAC-PE. Mais precisamente, quer se verificar como se comportam os sistemas fonológicos dessas crianças relativamente aos princípios fonológicos baseados em traços propostos por Clements ([2005] 2009) para as línguas naturais. Os dados evidenciaram que crianças com desvio fonológico tendem a não respeitar um ou mais princípios fonológicos. Com destaque, de forma unânime as crianças, cujas gramáticas fonológicas foram aqui analisadas, apresentam dificuldades em organizá-las nos termos do princípio da robustez, que estabelece que contrastes mais robustos sejam preferíveis nas fonologias das línguas e nos estágios iniciais da aquisição.
Repensando os efeitos de idade no desenvolvimento fônico de L2 (Rethinking the effects of age on L2 phonic development)
Authors: Kupske Felipe Flores
Published: July 2019

Uma das preocupações mais presentes na área da aquisição de L2 diz respeito à idade do início do bilinguismo/aquisição (AOA). Estudos clássicos apontam para uma correlação negativa entre AOA e acurácia e proficiência na L2. Contudo, pesquisas experimentais mais recentes têm problematizado essa hipótese. Nessa perspectiva, este trabalho, resultado de pesquisa financiada pelo CNPq, apresenta dados do desenvolvimento de L2 por imigrantes em contextos de L2-dominante que contrariam a ideia de que o sucesso do desenvolvimento fônico na L2 está condicionado à maturação neurocognitiva. Os dados revelam que a variação no input é a variável mais importante na predição de sucesso no desenvolvimento de uma L2. Assim, o potencial de AOA como uma variável de previsão de sotaque estrangeiro ou sucesso na L2 vem de sua associação com a quantidade e qualidade de inputs recebidos pelos imigrantes/aprendizes.
A entoação do espanhol/Le de brasileiros: modelamento com Pentatrainer2 (Spanish intonation spoken by Brazilians: modeling with Bentatrainer2)
Authors: Silva Cristiane Conceição
Published: July 2019

O presente estudo objetiva investigar a entoação do espanhol falado como língua estrangeira por brasileiros (E/LE). Para isso foram analisadas três funções comunicativas transmitidas pela entoação, a saber, proeminência, fronteira e modalidade de enunciado (declarativas, interrogativas totais e interrogativas parciais). Produções paralelas em dois estilos diferentes, leitura de frases isoladas e leitura de frases inseridas em um texto (narrativa) foram analisadas. Os dados em E/LE foram comparados com as mesmas produções em espanhol falado como língua materna (E/LM) de espanhóis. Para as análises foi aplicada a ferramenta automática PENTATrainer2 que permitiu avaliar o poder de síntese dos contornos de F0 em E/LE e E/LM nos dois estilos analisados. Os resultados mostraram que a precisão do modelamento é similar à encontrada por Barbosa (2016) para dados em português brasileiro (PB) comparados com dados em português europeu (PE).
Desenvolvimento de L2 e atrito de L1 em contexto dominante de L1: análise do VOT em Espanhol (L1) e Inglês (L2) (L2 development and L1 attrition in an L1-dominant environment: analysing voice onset time in L1 Spanish and L2 English)
Authors: Alves Ubiratã Kickhöfel , Luchini Pedro Luis , Schereschewsky Laura Castilhos
Published: July 2019

Neste estudo, investigamos a ocorrência de atrito de L1 entre aprendizes argentinos de inglês (L2) residentes em seu país de origem, o que constitui um ambiente dominante em L1. Analisamos a produção do VOT em plosivas iniciais de palavras em espanhol L1 de participantes monolíngües e bilíngües. Realizamos uma análise inferencial e uma verificação individual da produção de cada participante, que se mostrou complementar. Nossos resultados sugerem que não somente a L2 é afetada pela L1, mas também a L1 pode ser modificada em vista do contato com outros idiomas.
Uma análise da influência interlinguística global e local em aprendizes de Espanhol como L3, falantes de mandarim como L1 e inglês como L2 (An analysis of global and local crosslinguistic influence in L1 Mandarin-L2 English learners of L3 Spanish)
Authors: Patience Matt
Published: July 2019

O presente estudo investigou a influência fonética interlinguística (CLI) em falantes de mandarim como L1, inglês como L2 e espanhol como L3. O objetivo foi determinar se a L1 ou a L2 era uma fonte mais forte de CLI em falantes trilíngues de três línguas tipologicamente distintas, e examinar até que ponto a proficiência de L2 e L3 desempenham um papel. Duas análises foram realizadas. Na análise geral, juízes hispânicos (N = 22) escutaram passagens lidas por falantes de mandarim como L1, de inglês como L2 e de espanhol como L3 (N = 17) com diferentes níveis de proficiência da L2 e da L3, e tentaram identificar o idioma nativo dos indivíduos. Na análise local, a produção da vibrante múltipla alveolar da L3 foi examinada, a fim de determinar se a L1 ou a L2 foi uma fonte mais frequente de transferência. As duas análises revelaram que tanto a L1 quanto a L2 foram possíveis fontes de transferência, embora a L1tenha sido uma fonte mais forte no geral. A proficiência oral de L2 e L3 não foi um fator significativo, revelando que outros fatores podem ser melhores preditores da fonte de transferência. Essas descobertas são discutidas em referência à sua compatibilidade com o Modelo de Primazia Tipológica e o Modelo do Status da L2 como fator.
The present study investigated L3 phonetic crosslinguistic influence (CLI) in L1 Mandarin-L2 English-L3 Spanish speakers. The objective was to determine whether the L1 or the L2 was a stronger source of CLI in trilingual speakers of three typologically distinct languages, and to examine the extent to which L2 and L3 proficiency play a role. Two analyses were performed. In the global analysis, Spanish-speaking judges (N=22) listened to passages read by L1 Mandarin-L2 English-L3 Spanish speakers (N=17) with varying levels of L2 and L3 proficiency and attempted to identify the speakers’ native language. In the local analysis, the L3 production of the Spanish trill was examined, with the goal of determining whether the L1 or L2 was a more frequent source of transfer. The two analyses revealed that both the L1 and L2 were possible sources of transfer, although the L1 was a stronger source overall. L2 and L3 oral proficiency were not significant factors, revealing that other factors may be better predictors of the source of transfer. These findings are discussed in reference to their compatibility with the Typological Primacy Model and the L2 Status Factor Model.
Melodies of child: Greek-English phonological interference (Melodias de criança: interferência fonológica grego-inglês)
Authors: Babatsouli Elena
Published: July 2019

In this paper, I will operationalise phonological interference in terms of psycholinguistic and phonological theory by utilizing a Greek-English bilingual girl’s naturalistic speech data for a month at age 2;7, in a language pair that is not researched much in bilingualism. The ultimate goal is to decipher the psycholinguistic and linguistic processes involved in the child’s phonological interference at a qualitative level (the melodic tier), also backed by in-depth quantitative evidence. Phonological interaction is scrutinised in the child’s developing phonologies in an under-represented linguistic context: one of the languages (English) is exogenously acquired and, thus, characterized by compromised exposure in terms of quantity and quality of input. The results sustain the manifestation of phonological interference at both the surface and underlying levels of only certain melodic units in the bilingual’s languages, rather than across the board. The ensuing analyses illuminate the indisputable interaction of several developments at work.
Neste artigo, operacionalizarei a interferência fonológica em termos de teoria psicolinguística e fonológica, utilizando dados naturalísticos de uma menina bilíngue greco-inglesa de 2;7 anos, em um par de idiomas que não é muito pesquisado no bilinguismo. O objetivo final é decifrar os processos psicolinguísticos e linguísticos envolvidos na interferência fonológica da criança em um nível qualitativo (o nível melódico), também apoiado por evidências quantitativas. A interação fonológica é examinada nas fonologias em desenvolvimento da criança em um contexto linguístico sub-representado: uma das línguas (inglês) é adquirida exogenamente e, portanto, caracterizada pela exposição comprometida em termos de quantidade e qualidade de entrada. Os resultados sustentam a manifestação da interferência fonológica tanto na superfície quanto nos níveis subjacentes de certas unidades melódicas nos idiomas bilíngues, mas não em todo o quadro melódico. As análises que se seguem iluminam a interação indiscutível de vários desenvolvimentos.
Implementation Interactive Media and Characterized Meme Media: A Comparation Study
Authors: Sumarsono Adi , Sianturi Murni
Published: July 2019

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of interactive media and characterized meme media on the student learning. This study applied experimental research method which used simple random sampling technique. The participants of the study consisted of two group as group A amount twenty-nine students and group B amount twenty-eight students. Each group had a different treatment, for the group a was treated by implementing interactive media, while group B was treated by implementing characterized memes media. Data analysis applied hypothesis testing of paired sample t-test and obtained that both of implementing of interactive media, and implementing characterized memes media, probability value .00 was less than alpha value, .05, which means the media provide impact to the student learning. Data analysis applied hypothesis testing of independent sample t-test and obtained p, .972 was greater than alpha value, .05. Thus, there was no difference between student learning achievement taught by using interactive media and characterized memes media. However, in accordance with effective criteria, it was presented that interactive learning media is more effective than characterized memes media. The percentage of classical completeness of students who were taught by using interactive learning media enhanced to 89.12 percent, while using characterize memes learning media reach 60.41 that not reached the classical completeness. In addition, in terms of appropriate student learning activity in the classroom using interactive media reached 90.12 percent, while in memes characterized media class character merely 66.65 percent.
Transfer of Kowledge Local Wisdom â€˜Blitar Kartika Rukmiâ€™: Promote Entrepreneurship
Authors: Wahyuingsing Anik , - Supriono , - Hardika , Hidayati Umi
Published: July 2019

â€˜Blitar Kartika Rukmiâ€™ is one of Indonesian bridal traditional make-up. To master this kind of makeup, participants need to complete their study from LKP Imam Mandiri which is one of the non-formal vocational institutions. Blitar Kartika rukmi is a kind of make-up taken from Blitar society local wisdom. This research aimed to find the relationship between the Blitar Kartika Rukmi bridal make-up and the successfulness of the participant as Kartika Rukmi bridal make-up artists. The research method used phenomenology study since the participant graduate from this training had succeed in doing the entrepreneurship. The finding of the research showed the participant who took part in the training, very understood about the philosophy value of Blitar Kartika Rukmi bridal make-up and applied it in doing the entrepreneurship. The make-up artists had gain successful as an entrepreneur and in other field of business.
A Study of a Casual relationship between Performance Appraisal and Employeeâ€™s Performance: Evidence from the Textile Sector in Faisalabad
Authors: Ch. Dilbar Hassan , Maqsood Rakhshanda , Gill Snawer
Published: July 2019

Employee performance is the strength of the organization. This study relates to the assessment of the relationship between employee performance evaluations to assess the moderate role of motivation. The current research was conducted in Faisalabad's textile industry. A sample of 204 respondents was drawn using a convenient sampling technique. In addition, the primary information was collected through a questionnaire. For data analysis, SPSS (version-20) software applied percentage, mean, standard deviation, regression and correlation coefficient methods. The result is achievable in a positive relationship between the outcome of the conversion and the employee's earnings. Another variable is motivation, because the moderator has a positive effect between the two relationships. The textile industry can use the evaluation rule as a deliberate approach by integrating it into its business policy and HR practice and improving the employee's performance in the organization.
Students’ Perspective towards Arabic Class Based on Gender
Authors: Mufidah Nuril , Hanini Filza Aina
Published: July 2019

The grouping system of students in learning can effect on the learning process. This research used a descriptive qualitative method to describe the perspective of students of the Arabic Language Development Program (PKPBA) on the classifying system based on gender, which is divided into homogeneous classes (separate classes between students and college students) and heterogeneous classes (mixed classes of students). Data collection used observation of teaching and learning activities and interviews. The results of the study show a different perspective between men and women. Female students are more comfortable learning in homogeneous classes, especially beginner classes' so they are not ashamed to learn and practice Arabic even though their abilities are minimal. In contrast to the perspective of male students who are more comfortable in heterogeneous classes, they feel they can learn better. Learning feels vibrant and increases academic competitiveness because they are challenged to perform well in front of female students, including when practicing Arabic. To make students learn better and the ability to speak Arabic tends to increase.
Improving Students’ Professionalism in Arranging and Developing RPP through Curriculum Development and Learning Planning Courses
Authors: Hanifah Umi
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to find out the improvement in the ability of PBA students in arranging and developing RPP and their problems through Curriculum and Learning Planning Development courses in PBA Program Study of Sunan Ampel Surabaya University. The results showed that the lectures with portfolio-based learning models could improve the professionalism of PBA students in arranging and developing RPP. The increase was indicated by the results of the RPP assessment conducted by comparing the increase in scores between before and after the RPP was presented, criticized and assessed using the RPP assessment instrument. Before being presented and corrected the result (33.3%) and after the results became (73.3%). The level of problems in compiling and developing RPP is low.Then for the maximal result, it hopes that the portfolio learning model should be variated with the study lesson model in each meeting, especially in arranging lesson plan.
Hypnoteaching Method in Arabic Learning
Authors: Baroroh R Umi , Amrulloh Abdul Kahfi
Published: July 2019

Hypnoteaching is a new learning method in Arabic learning. Various kinds of Arabic language learning methods have developed before, such as the lecture method, memorizing vocabulary and Arabic rules. But the method makes students feel bored in learning because it cannot make students enjoy learning so that learning outcomes are better. Starting from the development of hypnoteraphy in various functions and uses such as health, psychological to the world of education which is then called hypnoteaching. This method is a new learning method in Arabic that uses students 'positive suggestions to reach students' subconscious. This innovation is an acute hypnoteraphy with teaching so as to produce a new method as an alternative choice in the selection of fun Arabic learning methods. This research is a library research that seeks to find the literature that is in accordance with the theme of the discussion then analyzed by descriptive analysis. The results showed that hypnoteaching fulfilled the requirements as a new method in Arabic learning. This is one of the innovations in Arabic learning methods that can be used today. Because this method maximizes students' subconscious, so learning can achieve maximum results with fun learning.
Perception of Stake Holder About Graduates’ Profile and Its Implications for Curriculum Development
Authors: Erlina Erlina , Khoirurrijal Khoirurrijal , Wahab Muhbib Abdul , Hijriyah Umi
Published: July 2019

Master study program of Arabic Education (PBA) in UIN Raden Intan Lampung Postgraduate was established in 2017. The draft curriculum for this study program has not been reviewed and validated according to the needs of the graduates. In the curriculum, a formulation of graduates’ profile is needed. This research aims to determine the perceptions of Stakeholders about the profile of master study program of Arabic Education (PBA) graduates of UIN Raden Intan Lampung is as their expectation and the demand of the IQF (Indonesian Qualification Framework) level 8 in applied master program.This research was conducted in qualitative with Survey method. Data collection instruments include questionnaires, interviews and documentation. Data is analyzed in qualitative. The survey results of stakeholders are known that the profile of the main graduates of master study program of Arabic Education (PBA) in UIN Raden Intan Lampung Postgraduate is as a teacher of Arabic in the Bachelor program (S1), supporting profiles as researchers, Arabic Education designers and the preferred profiles as Arabic philologists or journalists. The formulation of the Graduate Profile has implications for curriculum development and the preparation of the documents.
Al-Tasybih fi al-Akhadis al-Nabawiyyah min Kitab “al-Lu’lu’ wa al-Marjan fima Ittafaqa ‘alaihi al-Syaikhon”
Authors: Ulum Fatkhul , Munir Munir , Kasim Amrah
Published: July 2019

This research aims to determine the types of adat al-Syibhi, the differences and the roles in understanding the texts of the hadith of the Prophet, as well as facilitating the identification of tasybih elements in a hadith text. This research is a Library Research, that relies on a descriptive analytical approach (al-Manhaj al-Washfi al-Tahlili). Descriptive approach is to analyze scientific material that is related to the subject, through library research and then presented and explained systematically. The analytical approach is to analyze the hadith of the Prophet which contains the aspects of tasybih and the words of the ‘ulama (clerics) and balaghah experts. Adat al-Shibh is the link between musyabbah and musyabbah bih. Tasybih will not be considered as completed without adat al-Syibh. Adat al-Syibh has a big role in tasybih, which can be mentioned in the sentence or omitted, and with omitting, it will give a stronger meaning than mentioning. Tasybih in terms of the Adat of al-Sibh is divided into two, namely the tasybih mursal, if its adat al-syibh is mentioned and tasybih muakkad if its adat syibih is omitted. Adat al-Syibh in the hadith uses four kinds of kaf, kaanna, mislu, and nahwu. This research confirms the ability of bayan nabawi to describe abstract meanings and thoughts, especially something that is related to occultism, which the meaning is transformed into a motion picture, because something visible and concrete can strengthen meaning and can give a greater influence in heart and mind.
Al-Lu'bah al-Lughawiyyah al-Namudzajiyyah fi Ta'lim al-Kitabah
Authors: Widodo Arif
Published: July 2019

Language games of teaching Arabic and learning are important to improve the quality of learning outcomes in speaking skills. Generally, the objectives of this research are to know the importance of recreational activities by language games of Arabic. In addition, specifically, it is to know 1) writing skills, 2) language games for writing Arabic, 2) models of fun activities for writing skills. The data are collected by documentation and library research. The data are analyzed by descriptive and content analysis. The  results of the research show that  1)  the final directions of writing skills are to improve the ability to write official Arabic, 2) spirit, positive emotions and learning activeness can be improved with fun activities, 3) in general, there are seven models of fun activities for Arabic that can be used to improve the learning process becomes  fun. The novelty of this research is the tendency of the students to be movement in the movement of comfortable activities.
The Representation of Women In Sudha Murthy’S Gently Falls the Bakula
Authors: Kathiresan Dr. B. , Vasuki Dr. P.
Published: July 2019

Feminism can be defined as a conscious attempt towards revaluing women’s experience, rethinking the canons of text, revising the recognition of socio cultural, discourse and language, economic and political conditions in the society representing biological differences and their implications. Recent gyro texts express female creativity encompassing various styles, themes, genres and structures. In India, feminism is evolved as an imitation of western feminist movement foregrounding women’s education and independence. The intense awareness of the identity as a woman and theconcerns regarding feminine problems have caused psychological disorders in society.The womenwriters of today have evolved as a socio-political movement rising fundamental queries about social practices, male supremacy, power-structures,culture and social institutions which are instrumental in marginalizing women.

Sudha Murthy as a feminist opposes the customs, norms and traditions of a society which tends to place a woman in a position inferior to that of aman, socially, politically, physically and economically.  She has taken up themes of rebellion against the existing social set up through her women characters. Her women are no longer weak, meek and submissive creatures, instead they realize that they have roles to play in a family and in a society like their male counterparts. The women in her novels have preferences, prejudices and raise their voices to be heard. They emphasize their individuality and emerge as new women awakened to face the challenges and lead a meaningful and dignified life, irrespective of the insensiblesocial criticism.
Overview of bus constructions offered in Europe, presented at bus fairs in 2018
Authors: Rusak Zbigniew
Published: July 2019

The most important fair event in Poland was Targi Transportu Zbiorowego Transexpo (Public Transport Fairs) oragnized by Targi Kielce and Economic Chamber of Urban Transport. Despite that, at almost the same time on our continent, eight other bus events were organized, where has been presented 600 buses. That exhibitions took place in Germany, Russian, Italy, Great Britain, Ireland and Czech. It is important to look at the vehicles shown in Kielce through the prism of other fairs. In this way, we will receive a full list of active bus manufacturers in Europe and a full picture of their marketing policy on individual market. That is the idea of this article.
Drag Resistance of Electric Buses and Trolleybuses – Empirical formulae
Authors: Biliński Janusz , Błażejewski Maciej , Malczewska Marta , Szczepiórkowska Marta
Published: July 2019

The article presents empirical formulae, describing the drag resistance of various types of traction vehicles such as electric buses and trolleybuses. It is presented formulas, based on Davis equation, describing the vehicle’s resistance to motion as a square function of driving speed. Most of the equations are related to the mass or axle load of the vehicle and to the aerodynamic resistance during the movement of the vehicle. The article is an attempt to systematize the existing mathematical descriptions of drag resistance, which are presented in the several publications on the subject and were developed by many authors. Such a comparison is helpful in engineering calculations of estimated energy consumption, used in the design phase of the vehicle as well as in the process of evaluating energy consumption for traction purposes. This paper presents the SORT procedures, which are used in order to evaluate energy consumption of electric vehicles, taking into consideration the efficiency of the on board energy storage system. This article discusses the estimation of the accuracy of theoretical calculations of resistance forces with the indication of the need to verify the results of the simulation with the results obtained under conditions of actual operation.
Systems Supporting Business Management– Impuls Evo – Entering Personal Data to the System
Authors: Jędra Ireneusz
Published: July 2019

The article presents a proposal to use IT systems supporting enterprise management using the Impuls Evo system. An ex-ample of the process of entering personal data into the system is discussed. The publication is a series of articles about la-boratory exercises conducted using the Impuls Evo system.
Pedestrians safety in developing countries on the example of Ghana
Authors: Zieliński Ewa , Wielgus Adriana , Sas Katarzyna
Published: July 2019

As the number of vehicles increases, the number of transport accidents in developing countries increases. Accidents are the second cause of death in Ghana after malaria. Pedestrian accidents remain the main problem in Ghana, as they represent the largest percentage of deaths in traffic accidents. The death rate among pedestrians was 3 times higher than among vehicle users. Insufficient lighting of roads and lack of infrastructure for pedestrians are the cause of an increased number of fatalities among pedestrians. Increasing the visibility of pedestrians on the road and increasing the emphasis on education in the field of road safety could reduce the number of road accidents involving pedestrians.
Researching logistic processes in motorization
Authors: Wąsowicz Alicja , Borowiak Jacek
Published: July 2019

The purpose of the article is to identify and analyze various logistic processes that may occur in the life cycle of an automobile vehicle and attempt to assign them to specific groups of activities of a similar nature. Processes occurring in road motorization, especially those related to the use of passenger cars, which can be identified as logistic processes are described. The research was divided into four stages, according to the life cycle of vehicles. The links existing in the supply chain between individual logistics subsystems on each are underlined from these stages. The result of the research work is the determination of a considerable degree of complexity of logistic activities in this area and their mutual dependence as well as a large variety of issues, which proves the interdisciplinary nature of logistics. A comprehensive look at this issue allows to understand the consequences of some decisions taken, for example, at the design stage for the remaining stages, including endof- life processes and, above all, requirements from the point of view of sustainable development. The conclusions that can be drawn from the conducted analyzes allow to state that it is justified to search for and identify all activities that may be logistic in order to plan and control the mutual influence of some activities (decisions) on other, sometimes very remote in time, in strategic dimension.
Radom City Bike as an alternative means of transport in the city
Authors: Dębowska-Mróz Marzenna , Lis Piotr , Pawłowski Sebastian
Published: July 2019

The article discusses the basic aspects related to the functioning of the city bike system as a means of transport to meet transport needs in Radom. Attention is drawn to the growing importance of displacements using the municipal bicycle system in handling transport needs in cities. The system characteristics are presented and selected statistical data describing the Radom City Bike are presented.
Evaluation of the quality of transport services on the route Lublin–Biała Podlaska
Authors: Sawczuk Damian , Szymczuk Marlena
Published: July 2019

This article presents the results of surveys concerning the quality of transport services between Lublin and Biała Podlaska. The purpose of the analysis was to examine the degree of passenger satisfaction, as well as to compare the quality level of services provided at the January 2017 and July 2018. The article also discusses the basic requirements set by travelers, which can help carriers to tailor the offer to the needs of customers and how to improve the quality of transport services.
Analysis of road traffic intensity on selected streets of Szczecin in 2017–2018
Authors: Regulski Paweł , Abramek Karol
Published: July 2019

The article presents an analysis of traffic intensity on selected streets of Szczecin carried out in October 2018 and compared the results of research from September 2017. The research were carried out on three selected streets on working days in the afternoon transport peak. The number of passenger cars was determined in order to use the railway infrastructure network as part of the public transport system.
The use of new technologies in the monitoring of motor vehicles
Authors: Nowacki Gabriel , Olejnik Krzysztof , Masikowski Paweł
Published: July 2019

Paper discussed the problem of monitoring of motor vehicles in Poland. Monitoring was ordered on the basis of EU and Polish law. Currently, there is no vehicle monitoring system in Poland at the national level. New technologies and applications in the field of ITS are currently available. The article addresses this problem and presents proposals in this area.
Image Encryption Based on Fractional Order Lorenz System and Wavelet Transform
Authors: Abbas Salman Hameed
Published: July 2019

To securely transmit data in open networks, encryption must be used. In this paper, cryptography technique of images is presented with chaos and Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). Fractional order Lorenz system that provides an expanded in key space is used to encrypt image. All properties of randomness and nonlinearity which are owned by this chaotic system are guarantee a highly secure and robustness for Encryption process. As well as DWT offers additional space and security by using wavelet domain to shuffled image pixels after passing in DWT filters and sampling. The combination between Lorenz system and DWT have been taken to make the image more secure and thus make very hard to get back the original image without having its correct key and procedure which were used to encrypt. The results show a large sensitivity to a small change in the secret key or DWT family type. Therefore, high complicated image security is offered using this system.
Eco-Friendly Concrete Containing PET Plastic Waste Aggregate
Authors: Wasan Ismail Khalil
Published: July 2019

The experimental program in this investigation focused on studying the properties of concrete containing different percentages of Plastic Wastes Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) plastic waste as a volumetric replacement to natural coarse aggregate. Different percentages (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) of PET shredded plastic waste from waste PET bottles as a volumetric replacement to natural coarse aggregate and 10% silica fume as a replacement by weight of cement content were used. The properties of these concrete mixes including, workability, dry density, compressive strength, total flexural energy, impact resistance, thermal conductivity at 28 days age and drying shrinkage at 90 days age were studies. The use of plastic waste aggregate in concrete presents various advantages; one of these advantages is that plastic aggregates result in producing lightweight concrete depending on the percentage of plastic waste used. The dry density of concrete containing higher percentage of PET plastic waste of 40% and 50% as a volumetric replacement to natural coarse aggregate, was 1910 and 1850 kg/m3 respectively. Also thermal insulating properties of concrete containing plastic waste aggregate were improved.
Slope Stability Analysis of an Earth Dam
Authors: Jasim M. Abbas
Published: July 2019

The study of slope stability is important in the design and construction of the earth dams under influence of earthquake and some surcharge loads. Some factors affect the slope stability for the earth dam such as change the water level in the reservoir or rapid drawdown of the water level. In the present study, limit equilibrium methods and finite element method have been used to calculate the factor of safety of earth dam. The main objective is studying the influence the soil strength parameters including cohesion, angle of internal friction and unit weight of soil on the values of factor of safety of the upstream slope for earth dam. The results show that the values of factor of safety increase when the values of soil strength parameters (cohesion, angle of internal friction)and water level increased, and the value of unit weight of the soil decrease, and the values of factor of safety, decreasing fast in rapid draw down of the water level. The main conclusion is the stability of the earth dam increases when the soil strength parameters (cohesion, angle of internal friction) increase and unit weight of the soil decrease with increasing the water level in the reservoir and the earth dam may be exposed to the collapse in the case of the rapid drawdown of water level.
Analysis and Evaluation of Traffic Accidents for Principle Urban Streets in Arbil City in Iraq
Authors: Basim Jrew
Published: July 2019

Traffic accidents are considered one of the most important problems in modern societies. Arbil city in Iraq suffers from this problem; it is considered the second major cause of death.The main objectives of this study are to analyze and evaluate the causes of traffic accidents by using the statistical analysis technique, and self-observation study. In this study Traffic accident data, Geometric condition data ,and Traffic condition data, related to the Arbil streets network was collected, prepared and analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) program. High Accident Locations (HAL) on the street network were identified by using various techniques. Self-observation on all selected streets that had (HAL) was summarized. Different predictive statistical models were developed for the streets in Arbil urban area. The Accident prediction models can be used to predict the probability of an accident at a certain location based on different variables. The statistical analysis of the study concluded that some of the geometric and traffic conditions are much related to traffic accident. It was concluded from this study that the increasing number of segments in principle urban streets will increase the number of total accidents and the number of property damages. Also, it was found that Pedestrian crossing areas ignored by pedestrians and the drivers do not give priority to pedestrians for crossing the street, due to lack of traffic awareness by drivers and pedestrians. The study recommends that Roads should be designed and constructed according to international standards. Also, it is recommended to improve traffic awareness of road users: drivers, pedestrians, and passengers through organized educational awareness programs.
تأثير الركام الخشن الخفيف الوزن من الصخور الطينية والثرمستون على الخواص الميكانيكية والفيزيائية للخرسانة
Authors: عماد خلف احمد الجبوري
Published: July 2019

ان من اصناف الخرسانة المعتمدة عالمياً هي الخرسانة الخفيفة والتي تصنف حسب توفر موادها الأولية والغرض من استخدامها انشائياً، اختصت هذه الد ا رسة باستبدال الركام الخشن الاعتيادي بالركام الخشن الخفيف من 055 ( % إضافة لأعداد خلطة ،52 ،25 ، الصخور الطينية )بون ا ز( وركام مخلفات الثرمستون وبنسب حجمية ) 52مرجعية. لغرض تحديد ود ا رسة المواصفات المهمة للخرسانة الجديدة تم اعداد نماذج مكعبات واسطوانات ومواشير قياسية لتقييم مقاومة الانضغاط والشد غير المباشر ومعاير الكسر ومعامل المرونة الساكن وكذلك وحدة الوزن والامتصاص والتوصيلية الح ا ررية ، حيث اعتمد معدل الق ا رءات لكل الفحوصات. أشارت نتائج الفحوصات الى انخفاض الخواص الميكانيكية للخ رسانة بزيادة ال ركام الخشن الخفيف ،حيث سجلت معدلات قيم الخواص الميكانيكية كل من : مقاومة 2( نت\ملم 1 ..2-3(، 25.5 ( نت\ملم 1 - الانضغاط ومعاير الكسر ومقاومة شد الانشطار غير المباشر بين ) 02.2 2.55 نت\ملم 1( على التوالي، (،( 2 نت\ملم 1 ( ،) 2.2-0.3 ( نت\ملم 1 مقارنة بالخلطة المرجعية ) 25.52 نت\ملم 1 (، )55565- وت ا روحت معدلات معامل المرونة الساكن والكثافة الجافة بالفرن والامتصاص والتوصيلية الح ا ررية بين ) 06635 0.555 ( (واط\م. كيلو جول( مقارنة بالخلطة -5.202(، % )00..-2.2.(، 5055.16 ( كغم\م 3 -0255.2(، نت\ملم 1 .33 واط\م. كيلو جول( على التوالي . (، )% 0.5.(، ) 5332.65 كغم\م 3 (،( المرجعية ) 5.025 نت\ملم 1
The implementation of alternative therapies in cancer management
Authors: Zoumakis Michail , Kaitalidou Elisavet , Petrou Ioannis
Published: July 2019

Cancer is probably the greatest threat to human societies globally. Currently, the majority of cancer patients suffer daily from a tremendous emotional stress and agony due to an expected premature death in the near future. On the other hand, the conventional treatment of the disease has many types of side effects, which can easily torture patients and have a negative influence on their everyday life. It is therefore reasonable that many oncology patients, globally, are seeking a cure to alternative methods of cancer treatment. Throughout the centuries, the ancient techniques of herbal medicine, acupuncture, massage and spirituality claim that they can relief cancer patients, while in many cases they even offer a complete cure. Meanwhile, modern manufactured products containing vitamins, tracing elements or dietary products have appeared and try to find their place in cancer treatment. Indeed, applying conventional medicine along with alternative therapies, such as acupuncture and massage, may offer a symptom relief to cancer patients and improve significantly their quality of life. However, scientific evidence elucidating alternative medicine’s mechanisms of anticancer action and supporting its clinical benefit are currently inadequate or controversial. Furthermore, this type of medicine is not always safe and it is necessary to be practiced by authorized health care personnel in order to avoid serious side effects. All in all, further research and clinical trials are needed in order to include alternative medicine into every day clinical practice.