bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dossiê Gênero e Antiguidade: problemas e métodos
Authors: Pitombo Bacelar Agatha , Batista Rodrigues Leite Letticia
Published: May 2023

Apresentação do Dossiê Gênero e Antiguidade: problemas e métodos
¿Nacemos de mujer? El tópico literario del genos gynaikon y su repercusión en Platón y Aristóteles
Authors: Sonna Valeria
Published: May 2023

El decir que todos y todas hemos nacido de mujer parece una perogrullada. Esta es, como lo expresa Rich, la única experiencia unificadora, innegable, compartida por mujeres y hombres: aquellos meses que pasamos dentro del cuerpo de una mujer, desarrollándonos. Sin embargo, es usual encontrar en el discurso cívico de las ciudades griegas, la idea de que la mujer no tiene relación alguna con el origen de la especie. Las mujeres son con frecuencia representadas como un grupo separado y cerrado sobre sí mismo, el genos gynaikon, que viene a agregarse al anthropos genos una vez que este ya existe. La hipótesis del presente escrito sostiene que hay dos aspectos conceptuales que acompañan la narrativa del genos gynaikon: (i) la ambigüedad en la clasificación del grupo de las mujeres y (ii) el lugar secundario que se les asigna respecto del origen de la humanidad. Como objetivo general propongo mostrar que el tópico del genos gynaikon está presente, a través de estos aspectos conceptuales, en la concepción platónica y aristotélica de la reproducción y la diferencia sexual.
La botte piena o la moglie ubriaca? Vinho e gênero na Roma antiga
Authors: Régis Cavicchioli Marina
Published: May 2023

Os modos como cada sociedade ou grupo pondera sobre o consumo do álcool e seus efeitos nos múltiplos contextos culturais é bastante distinto, em especial quando os discursos se referem a este consumo com as atenções voltadas aos gêneros. Assim, as associações entre o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e as alterações dos comportamentos sexuais de cada gênero, embora estejam presentes desde a antiguidade, devem ser entendidas nos contextos culturais em que foram produzidas, de modo a compreender como cada grupo social lida com determinados aspectos fisiológicos e a partir dissoconstrói seus discursos e interdições. Desta forma, torna-se fundamental, um retorno cuidadoso às fontes antigas, evitando interpretações baseadas no senso comum ou na tradição, considerando as possíveis diferenças entre o discurso normativo e a prática cotidiana.
Perfiles del vasallaje en la Navarra bajomedieval
Authors: Ramírez Vaquero Eloísa
Published: May 2023

Este trabajo analiza, en un periodo extenso —desde el siglo XIII hasta inicios del siglo XV— las formas de compromiso y vínculos personales entre el rey y los barones en Navarra. Como parte de una reflexión de conjunto respecto a nuevos perfiles del vasallaje en el periodo medieval, en Navarra afloran diversas formas de vinculación: salarios, gajes y ciertas mercedes directamente sobre la Tesorería, o «donos» y entregas sostenidas por una referencia a la tierra que no siempre es real. Y que se acompañan o no de diversos grados jurisdiccionales. Estas fórmulas conviven con formatos de homenaje feudal dirigidos habitualmente hacia caballeros externos al reino, o de origen ajeno, aunque finalmente hubieran quedado integrados en él. Desde finales del siglo XIV avanzan los beneficios asentados en los ingresos extraordinarios, totalmente desligados de la tierra: pronto el único sustento seguro de los ingresos de la corona.
Santiago y sus rivalidades con Toledo y Roma a principios del siglo XII. Sus huellas en el género historiográfico
Authors: Isla Frez Amancio
Published: May 2023

A principios del siglo XII en la sede de Santiago se desarrollaron diferentes propuestas que pretendieron resaltar la relevancia de Santiago frente a sus rivales. Diego Gelmírez, obispo y después primer arzobispo de Santiago, mantuvo una crispada disputa con Toledo combatiendo sus pretensiones. Para ello Diego Gelmírez y quienes escribieron la Historia Compostelana acudieron en algunas ocasiones a  materiales y argumentos históricos. El autor del Chronicon Iriense fue más lejos incluso, desarrollando una pequeña crónica que quiere promocionar la legitimidad y un rango paralelo al de Roma y superior al de Toledo. Las leyendas troyanas, la conversión y primeras actuaciones de los reyes suevos y los míticos viajes del presbítero Zanelo fueron usados para dar forma a una historia de legitimidad y grandeza de Santiago.
movilización militar aristocrática en el reino de Aragón (ca. 1250-ca. 1375)
Authors: Lafuente Gómez Mario
Published: May 2023

En este artículo, se analizan los instrumentos empleados por la monarquía para promover el servicio militar de la aristocracia en el reino de Aragón, entre finales del reinado de Jaime I y los últimos años de Pedro IV. Para ello, se ha organizado la exposición en tres apartados, en los que se exploran los compromisos de servicio militar contraídos por los feudatarios del soberano; las obligaciones impuestas a los miembros de la clientela regia, a través de la casa del rey y de la orden de caballería de Sant Jordi; y otras alternativas menos coercitivas, especialmente, la negociación de las condiciones del servicio en las Cortes del reino. El objetivo es comprobar la operatividad de cada uno de estos mecanismos, a partir de la bibliografía disponible y de las cartas de convocatoria militar conservadas en la sección Real Cancillería del Archivo de la Corona de Aragón.
PRINCÍPIOS FORMAIS E SUPERAÇÃO DE PRECEDENTES EM CORTES CONSTITUCIONAIS
Authors: Jales Túlio de Medeiros
Published: May 2023

Contextualização: A adjudicação de direitos fundamentais é rodeada por tensões que colocam em confronto objetivos normativos de complexa conciliação. A disputa entre a vocação de cortes constitucionais para interpretar corretamente direitos fundamentais à luz da constituição e a necessidade destas mesmas cortes controlarem a previsibilidade do conteúdo de tais direitos é uma destas tensões. Tal tensão repercute em diversos debates da teoria constitucional e da teoria do direito. Este artigo mergulhará em uma específica discussão que vem sendo continuamente informada e conformada pela relação conflituosa entre os valores normativos da correção e da previsibilidade no discurso jurídico: quando cortes constitucionais devem manter ou superar seus próprios precedentes? A análise focará na dimensão horizontal da autoridade dos precedentes na jurisdição constitucional, ou seja, na influência que as decisões anteriores de uma corte exercem sobre a própria instituição.
Objetivo: Discutir como a contestação à autoridade de precedentes constitucionais pode ser controlada argumentativamente, isto é, busca definir parâmetros e metodologias argumentativas para avaliar a correção das superações de precedentes em cortes constitucionais.
Metodologia: A pesquisa utiliza o método indutivo e uma revisão de literatura.
Resultados: Há várias considerações na administração da justiça criminal na Índia que devem ser cumpridas ao se conceder a pena de morte. A demora na execução das sentenças capitais viola os direitos humanos básicos, pois os condenados vivem com o terror da morte. A ponderação das circunstâncias agravantes e atenuantes é crucial para a confirmação da pena de morte pelo Supremo Tribunal da Índia.
A ESTRATÉGIA DE “JUDICIAL DIALOGUE” TRANSNACIONAL NO SUL GLOBAL SOBRE HOMOFOBIA E PENALIZAÇÃO DO HOMOSSEXUALISMO
Authors: Staffen Marcio Ricardo , Locchi Maria Chiara
Published: May 2023

Contextualização: O estudo concentra-se nas decisões das Cortes Constitucionais do Brasil, quando da discussão sobre homofobia e transfobia e sua equiparação ao crime de racismo e, do Quênia, quando da discussão sobre a penalização de relações homossexuais (anti-sodomy law), visto que ambas, ao perpassarem pautas jurídicas envolvendo liberdades individuais decidiram de modo absolutamente divergente, porém, referenciando precedentes e decisões judiciais de Cortes estrangeiras. Justifica-se a presente pesquisa principalmente por dois motivos: o incremento progressivo do uso da estratégia de “judicial dialogue” transnacional entre as Cortes nacionais e a avaliação dos sentidos retóricos dessa estratégia para a fundamentação das decisões judiciais.
Objetivo: O presente artigo objetiva analisar as premissas da estratégia denominada “judicial dialogue” transnacional, no contexto de Cortes Constitucionais inseridas na noção de Sul Global, com foco no tratamento jurídico da homofobia e na penalização do homossexualismo.
Metodologia: Utilizou-se, para o desenvolvimento da presente pesquisa, o método indutivo, operacionalizado pelas técnicas de conceito operacional, da pesquisa bibliográfica e de análise jurisprudencial.
Resultados: Como resultado, tem-se que a estratégia “judicial dialogue” transnacional deve considerar que a identidade dos valores individuais em muitas ocasiões depende de como os membros individuais da comunidade consideram e valorizam uma personalidade individual. Por outro lado, não se recomenda o enclausuramento das Cortes Constitucionais para suas homônimas ou o desprezo para decisões produzidas no estrangeiro, pois abriria uma senda de descompasso entre realidades locais e globais, cujo efeito atingiria, dentre outros, o sistema protetivo de Direitos Humanos.
Reforma Agrária agroecológica ou agronegócio?
Authors: Cosme Claudemir Martins
Published: May 2023

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar o processo denominado de “transição agroecológica no Brasil”, relacionando-o aos temas da questão da reforma agrária e da luta de classes no conjunto da sociedade. Buscaremos apontar caminhos analíticos para contribuir com a(s) reposta(s) à seguinte pergunta: qual movimento político mais avançou nos anos 2000 no país, o da burguesia latifundiária, com o agronegócio, ou o da agroecologia, levado a cabo pelo campesinato, indígenas, quilombolas e seus movimentos e organizações sociais? Amparados em dados oficiais do Estado e do governo federal - do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e do Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária – e de registros dos relatórios Conflitos no Campo Brasil do Centro de Documentação Dom Tomás Balduíno da Comissão da Comissão Pastoral da Terra, demonstraremos que o modelo agrário e agrícola do agronegócio ampliou sua hegemonia e impediu a efetivação do projeto político a partir da transição agroecológica. O agronegócio, herança do passado colonial-latifundista-escravista-monocultor-patriarcal, que aprofunda a destruição da natureza, perpetua a desigual fundiária e causa graves problemas socioambientais com seu pacote químico-dependente, continua ditando os rumos da sociedade brasileira.
Entre fazendas e firmas
Authors: Cavalcante Leandro Vieira
Published: May 2023

Mediante a territorialização de empresas do agronegócio da fruticultura na região do Baixo Jaguaribe (leste do Ceará), assistiu-se uma reconfiguração da questão agrária local, diante da pressão exercida por esses agentes hegemônicos no controle sobre as terras e na expansão dos latifúndios e da concentração fundiária, agravando os conflitos agrários e alterando as relações sociais de produção. Analisa-se a expansão do agronegócio da fruticultura e o acirramento da concentração fundiária na região jaguaribana, considerando a produção e a perpetuação dos latifúndios, que estão no âmago da reconfiguração da questão agrária. Com a pesquisa, foi possível constatar a íntima relação entre a territorialização das firmas do agronegócio da fruticultura e o acirramento da concentração fundiária no Baixo Jaguaribe.
Do campo à universidade
Authors: Domingos Magna Rita Arcanjo , Batella Wagner
Published: May 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é compreender as transformações do modo de vida dos jovens oriundos do meio rural analisando suas trajetórias acadêmicas. Para tal, trabalhou-se com a categoria Juventude, problematizada por meio da noção de trajetórias acadêmicas. Do ponto de vista metodológico, empregou-se, nesta investigação, uma pesquisa de campo desenvolvida por meio da abordagem qualitativa.  Como instrumentos de coleta de dados, foram feitas entrevistas semiestruturadas com os estudantes e egressos que se constituem público-alvo da pesquisa. Comparando as trajetórias dos jovens aqui apresentados percebe-se que eles têm em comum o fato de serem filhos de agricultores e terem superado os pais no que se refere ao grau de estudo. Todos são oriundos de escolas públicas e encontraram dificuldades no transcorrer de suas trajetórias escolares e durante o percurso acadêmico. Os resultados mostraram que uma das maiores dificuldades dos sujeitos da pesquisa durante as trajetórias na universidade foi acompanhar os conteúdos e se adaptarem às metodologias dos professores, tendo lacunas de aprendizagem dos conteúdos em decorrência de um ensino básico de pouca qualidade. Com base na análise dos dados obtidos nas entrevistas, concluiu-se que os jovens do campo que ingressam no ensino superior estão em constante mudança no modo de agir e de pensar, devido às variadas experiências que acontecem no espaço acadêmico.
Fiqh Siyasah: Antara Das Sollen dan Das Sein
Authors: Saifuddin Saifuddin
Published: May 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas fiqih siyasah, perkembangan, model, idealitas dan prakteknya dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat dan bernegara di dunia. Dalam artikelini dijelaskan bahwa fiqh siyasah antara apa yang seharusnya dengan apa yang senyatanya kadang tidak match. Idealisme tentang politik Islam kadang hanya dalam imajinasi kita sebagai seorang muslim dan kalaupun itu pernah terimplementasi dalam ranah sejarah tidak pernah ada dalam bentuk atau model yang paten. Fiqh siyasah sebagai bagian dari hukum publik harus diserahkan kepada negara dalam pelaksanaannya,karena negara yang memiliki otoritas
Paradigma Sains dalam Beragama: Epistemologi Konjektur dan Falsifikasionisme Popper dalam Memandang Masalah Kewarisan
Authors: Hayati Siti Muna
Published: May 2023

Kata sains dan agama selalu berada pada posisi yang bertentangan. Sains berada pada ranah obyektif, sedangkan agama selalu bersifat subyektif. Hal ini nampaknya dapat dikatakan sebagai pemahaman yang kadaluwarsa. Keterbukaan zaman membuktikan bahwa sains dan agama tidak dapat dipisahkan lagi, bahkan muncul idiom bahwa komitmen saja, tanpa penyelidikan, cenderung menjadi fanatisme atau dogmatisme sempit; penyelidikan saja, tanpa komitmen, cenderung berakhir sebagai skeptisisme atau spekulasi sepele yang tidak relevan dengan kehidupan nyata. Pembuktian hal tersebut akan diungkap dalam artikel ini, tentang bagaimana suatu paradigma sains dapat membuka mata khalayak ramai agar dapat beragama dengan lebih luas dan terhindar dari sifat fanatik. Salah satunya adalah dalam perkara kewarisan yang selalu menjadi hal sensitif di tiap waktu dan belahan dunia mana pun. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori epistemologi konjektur dan falsifikasionisme Popper untuk mengamati masalah kewarisan, khususnya di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan konsep grand theory dalam uji falsifikasi Popper, hukum waris Islam dapat dikembangkan pemaknaannya. Hukum waris Islam tidak hanya dilihat dari teks nash yang mewajibkannya, akan tetapi dilihat dari spirit al-Qur’an. Perempuan, sebelum datangnya Islam, sama sekali tidak ada harganya. Bukannya mendapat harta warisan, perempuan malah menjadi obyek yang dapat diwariskan sesuka hati. Setelah Islam datang, perempuan mulai diberikan kedudukan dengan mendapatkan harta warisan meski setengah dari bagian laki-laki. Spirit inilah yang seharusnya diperhatikan oleh Muslim Indonesia.
CORRUPTION AND THE REALISATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS: SOUTH SUDAN AND THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION LLICIT BUSINESS FORUMS IN SOUTH AFRICA: A SURVEY CORRUPTION AND THE REALISATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS: THE CASE OF SOUTH SUDAN AND THE RIGHT TO EDUCATION
Authors: Ongee Paito Atel
Published: May 2023

The South Sudan Anti-Corruption Commission denounced corruption as something which hinders sustainable education. The debate on the relationship between corruption and human rights thus continues. In South Sudan, like many parts of the world, public and private sector leaders have illegally allocated resources for education and related projects, to personal gain.This article contends that corruption in South Sudan is an impediment to realising rights and it violates human rights. Drawing a link between corruption and human rights, as this article aims to do, enhances our understanding of corruption. This article seeks to bring a unique viewpoint by utilising human rights institutions and practices in combating the negative consequences of corruption on the realisation of human rights.
KONSUMSI JAJANAN KAITANNYA DENGAN ASUPAN GULA, GARAM, LEMAK PADA REMAJA JEPARA SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19.
Authors: Maziyah Dzakiyya Sabriani , Nugroho Teddy Wahyu , Tsani A. Fahmy Arif , Dieny Fillah Fithra
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTBackground: The current COVID-19 pandemic has led Indonesia’s government to impose quarantine rules on their citizens. The consequence was a change in lifestyle and eating habits that strongly supported the populace in order to consume more food.Objectives: The study was to establish the relationship between foods consumed with sugar, salt, and fat intake during covid-19 pandemic in adolescents.Methods: An analytical observational study with cross sectional design. The research was conducted by online with 84 adolescents by simple random sampling in Jepara district. Data on snack consumption habits was obtained through a questionnaire from the Google form application. Data of snack consumption habits was obtained through a questionnaire from the Google form application. Data of snack and sugar, salt, and fat intake obtained through food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Data were analyzed by chi square.Results: All respondence had poor snack consumption habits 91.7%, with excess sugar intake 89,3%, excess salt intake 66.7%, and excess fat intake 71%. Analyzed results obtained there were relation snack consumption habits and sugar intake (p<0.001), with salt intake (p=0.002), with fatty intake (p<0.001). Conclusion: There were correlation between snack consumption habits and intake of sugar, salt and fat during the covid-19 pandemic in adolescents.  Keywords: Adolescents; Covid-19; Snack consumption; Sugar intake. ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan pemerintah Indonesia menetapkan aturan karantina pada warganya. Konsekuensinya adalah perubahan gaya hidup dan kebiasaan makan yang sangat mendukung masyarakat untuk lebih banyak mengonsumsi makanan jajanan.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi makanan jajanan dengan asupan gula, garam, dan lemak pada saat pandemi covid-19 pada remaja.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan secara online dengan metode pengambilan sampel Simple Random Sampling diperoleh 84 remaja usia 10-19 tahun di kecamatan Jepara. Data kebiasaan konsumsi jajan diperoleh melalui kuesioner dari aplikasi google form. Data konsumsi jajan dan asupan gula, garam, lemak diperoleh melalui semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Analisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square.Hasil: Sebanyak 91,7% responden memiliki kebiasaan jajan yang tidak baik dengan asupan gula berlebih 89,3%, asupan garam berlebih 66,7%, dan asupan lemak berlebih 71%. Hasil uji menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara konsumsi jajanan dengan asupan gula (p<0,001), dengan asupan garam (p=0,002), dengan asupan lemak (p<0,001).Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara kebiasaan konsumsi jajanan dengan asupan gula, garam, dan lemak selama pandemi covid-19 pada remaja. Kata kunci: Asupan gula; Covid-19; Konsumsi jajan; Remaja
Evidence-based procedures to improve the reliability of circulating miRNA biomarker assays
Authors: Greytak Sarah R. , Engel Kelly B. , Hoon Dave S.B. , Elias Kevin M. , Lockwood Christina M. , Guan Ping , Moore Helen M.
Published: May 2023

Circulating cell-free microRNAs (cfmiRNA) are an emerging class of biomarkers that have shown great promise in the clinical diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of several pathological conditions, including cancer. However, validation and clinical implementation of cfmiRNA biomarkers has been hindered by the variability introduced during different or suboptimal specimen collection and handling practices. To address the need for standardization and evidence-based guidance, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) developed a new Biospecimen Evidenced-Based Practices (BEBP) document, entitled “Cell-free miRNA (cfmiRNA): Blood Collection and Processing”. The BEBP, the fourth in the document series, contains step-by-step procedural guidelines on blood collection, processing, storage, extraction, and quality assessment that are tailored specifically for cfmiRNA analysis of plasma and serum. The workflow outlined in the BEBP is based on the available literature and recommendations of an expert panel. The BEBP contains the level of detail required for development of evidence-based standard operating procedures (SOPs) as well as the flexibility needed to accomodate (i) discovery- and inquiry-based studies and (ii) the different constraints faced by research labs, industry, clinical and academic institutions to foster widespread implementation. Guidance from the expert panel also included recommendations on study design, validating changes in workflow, and suggested quality thresholds to delineate meaningful changes in cfmiRNA levels. The NCI cfmiRNA: Blood Collection and Processing BEBP is available here as supplementary information as well as through the NCI Biorepositories and Biospecimen Research Branch (BBRB) (https://biospecimens.cancer.gov/resources/bebp.asp).
EU Contract Case Law, July – December 2022
Authors: Esposito Fabrizio , de Almeida Lucila
Published: May 2023

This article provides an overview of the most relevant cases decided by the Court of Justice of the European Union concerning contract law. The present issue covers the period between the beginning of July 2022 and the end of December 2022. Out of a total of 265 judgments decided in this period, 57 had a contract law dimension.
Flexural behavior of carbon/glass inter-ply hybrid FRP composites under elevated temperature environments
Authors: Dasari Srinivasu , Yadav Pankaj , Prusty Rajesh Kumar , Ray Bankim Chandra
Published: May 2023

In this research work, the three-point flexural performance of carbon and/or glass inter-ply hybrid epoxy composite by altering the hybrid ratio and stacking position was studied. These materials were tested at various temperatures (30 °C, 50 °C, 70 °C and 110 °C). The test results of hybrid composites results were compared with neat glass/epoxy and carbon/epoxy composites. The stacking position of carbon fibers in hybrid composite plays a vital role while doing a flexural test. Incorporation of two stiffer carbon fibers in glass/epoxy composite i.e., C2G3 and C1G3C1, resulted in a remarkable increment in the case of flexural strength. All composites exhibited ductile behavior at 110 °C. The fractured surfaces revealed the failure mechanism of the composites.
Extracapsular extension of pN2 lymph node metastases is not prognostically significant in surgically resected patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Müller Christin , Taber Samantha , Pfannschmidt Joachim , Griff Sergej
Published: May 2023

Objectives

In patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) the pathologic lymph node status N2 is a heterogeneous entity, with different degrees of lymph node involvement representing different prognoses. It is speculated whether extra capsular nodal extension may help to define a subgroup with implications on long-term survival.

Methods

We retrospectively identified 118 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (65 men, 53 women), who were treated between 2013 and 2018 and found to have pathologic N2 lymph node involvement. In all patients lung resection with systematic mediastinal and hilar lymph node dissection was performed with curative intent. In N2 lymph node metastases capsules of affected lymph nodes were examined microscopically as to whether extracapsular extension was present.

Results

51 patients (43 %) had extracapsular extension (ENE). Most of these patients (n=35) only had ENE in a single lymph node (69 %). The overall 5-year survival rate was 24.6 % and progression-free survival rate 17.8 %. In the multivariate analysis OS was worse for patients with multiple affected pN2 stations, concurrent N1 metastases, increasing age, and larger tumor size. For the percentage of lymph nodes affected with ENE (of total examined) only a non-significant trend towards worse OS could be observed (p=0.06).

Conclusions

Although we could not demonstrate significant prognostic differences between N2 extra capsular nodal involvement within our patient population, other analyses may yield different results. However, clinicians should continue performing thorough lymph nodes dissections in order to achieve local complete resection even in patients with extra capsular tumor spread
Statistical analysis of the estimates of some stationary performances of the unreliable M/M/1/N queue with Bernoulli feedback
Authors: Nita Hadjer , Afroun Faïrouz , Cherfaoui Mouloud , Aïssani Djamil
Published: May 2023

In this work, we considered the parametric estimation of the characteristics of the

M
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M
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1
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N

{M/M/1/N}

waiting model with Bernoulli feedback. Through a Monte-Carlo simulation study, we have illustrated the effect of the estimation of the starting parameters of the considered waiting system on the statistical properties of its performance measures estimates, when these latter are obtained using the plug-in method. In addition, several types of convergence (bias, variance, MSE, in law)
of these performance measure estimators have also been showed by simulation.
Numerical thermo-mechanical analysis of a railway train wheel
Authors: Bulut Mehmet , Karagöz Nail , İbrahim Acar Halil , Duman Netice
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the variation of thermal stresses, strains and deformations created by combined thermal and mechanical loads is investigated in block braked railway wheels. Thermo-mechanical analyses of the railway wheel were performed by using finite element (FE) for the numerical analysis. Before performing FE analyses, input parameters, e.g. heat flow, heat conduction, heat convection, applied loads and boundary conditions were transferred from railway wheel conditions in reality. The thermal analysis of wheel structure in the analysis calculation was evaluated experimentally, and validated with numerical result used in current model. In this purpose, ANSYS Workbench module package was used to simulate the distribution of stress and temperature field over the wheel. Combined thermal and mechanically induced damage surfaces of the railway wheel in reality were compared with numerical results in ANSYS. It was concluded from the results that 3D simulations in this wheel model showed a significant effect of thermal loading rather than mechanical loading on wheel braking tread, and combination of thermal and mechanical loading caused the detrimental effect on railway wheel structures those used in this model.
Lasing properties and carrier dynamics of CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystal vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser
Authors: He Yawen , Su Zhan , Cao Fuyi , Cao Zhenghao , Liu Yuejun , Zhao Chunhu , Weng Guoen , Hu Xiaobo , Tao Jiahua , Chu Junhao , Akiyama Hidefumi , Chen Shaoqiang
Published: May 2023

All-inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have been widely investigated as highly promising optical gain materials due to their compelling electrical and optical properties. Although many efforts have been carried out, a deep understanding of perovskite NC vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) is elusive, which is very important in the development of photoelectronic integrated circuits. Along these lines, in this work, a low lasing threshold (22 μJ/cm2) single-mode VCSEL consisting of CsPbBr3 NCs film and two distributed Bragg reflectors was successfully constructed. The CsPbBr3 NCs were synthesized by using the supersaturated recrystallization method. Interestingly, benefiting from the strong coupling between the active layer and the optical field in the cavity, a single-mode lasing at 527 nm was demonstrated under femtosecond optical pumping. The carrier dynamics of the perovskite NC VCSEL was also thoroughly investigated by performing pump intensity-dependent time-resolved photoluminescence measurements. The typical gain-switching phenomenon was observed with an ultrafast decay of the laser pulse of ∼10 ps. Our work provides valuable insights for the implementation of the CsPbBr3 NC VCSEL for various optoelectronic applications.
Prevalence of diaper need and diaper dermatitis and associated risk factors among children aged 1–24 months in a referral hospital in Ghana: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Inusah Abdul-Wahab , Collins Gbeti , Kwarteng Peter Gyamfi , Dzomeku Peter , Asumah Mubarick Nungbaso , Ziblim Shamsu-Deen
Published: May 2023

Objectives

This research aimed to determine the prevalence of diaper need and diaper dermatitis (DD) and associated risk factors in children aged 1–24 months.

Methods

Data were collected through face-to-face exit interviews with 456 mothers at a Child Welfare Clinic. A chi-square, correlation, and multivariate logistic regression analyses at a significance level of p < 0.05 were conducted.

Results

The prevalence of diaper need was found to be 53.5%, with lower odds observed in households with monthly incomes greater than $167 and in children on breastmilk only. Diaper need was higher in parents with no formal education and use of disposable diapers. The prevalence of DD was 27.4%, with lower odds observed in households with monthly incomes greater than $167 and in children less than 6 months old and on breastmilk only. There was a moderately positive correlation between diaper need and DD.

Conclusion

The researchers recommend affordable alternative diapering methods and educating parents on the importance of frequent diaper changes to improve the prevalence of diaper need and DD. Overall, this study highlights the significant prevalence of diaper need and DD among children and identifies the important associated risk factors.
Post-Brexit: Do board interlocks make banks take similar relocation decisions?
Authors: Panitz Robert , Glückler Johannes
Published: May 2023

Because Brexit has implied a surge of relocation decisions by financial service firms during a short period of time, we examine the locational decisions of the financial industry in Europe. Adopting a relational perspective we analyze the association between similar relocation decisions of UK-based banks and the connectivity of their decision boards. Based on an analysis of relocation announcements in the media, press releases, and annual reports, as well as of interlocking directorships within the financial sector, our study connects research streams on relocation and internationalization with cross-board memberships and interlocks. Our findings suggest that the higher the competition between two banks and the stronger the connectivity in interlocking board memberships between them, the more likely are these banks to announce different relocation decisions. We interpret these robust findings as a behavior that effectively reduces competition for limited localized resources.
GÊNERO E INTERSECCIONALIDADES PARA PENSAR O CUIDADO COMUNITÁRIO
Authors: López Laura Cecilia , Rodrigues Cauê , Schoffen Corrêa Natália Inês , Santos de Carvalho Murilo , Steffen Vieira Miriam Steffen VIEIRA
Published: May 2023

No presente artigo analisamos a relação entre gênero e cuidado, na dimensão comunitária e na articulação com políticas públicas de saúde. Refletimos sobre uma Pesquisa-Ação em andamento, que tem como campo empírico um território afetado por desigualdades e violências estruturais de longa data, na cidade de São Leopoldo/RS. Objetiva-se analisar como as dinâmicas de gênero permeiam a organização das vidas no território e como incidem na distribuição dos cuidados com a saúde e a manutenção das vidas. Mergulhamos em experiências localizadas da Atenção Primária à Saúde, que exerce o cuidado mais disseminado através da equipe de Saúde da Família. Questiona-se como a dimensão comunitária do cuidado se viu impactada pela pandemia, quais formas comunitárias novas e/ou reformuladas de cuidado estão surgindo, pensando se os impactos da crise sanitária podem ser diferenciados por gênero. Está sendo elaborado um Diagnóstico Participativo de Equidade de Gênero (DPEG), utilizando metodologias que potencializem a participação da comunidade no próprio processo de pesquisa, assim como a reflexão crítica e propositiva sobre suas realidades. Como resultados preliminares, observamos alguns aspectos das dinâmicas de gênero no território, principalmente no que diz respeito à distribuição de cuidados e ao acesso à UBS, podendo notar que a pandemia acirrou desigualdades existentes. Em linhas gerais, jovens (meninas e meninos), homens, idosas/os negras/os, foram os grupos que demonstraram menor acesso ao serviço. Os cuidados, sejam com a saúde de si e principalmente dos outros, sejam com as crianças, foram mais presentes entre as mulheres. Foi notório o engajamento da equipe de Saúde da Família para discutir as temáticas abarcadas no projeto, vislumbrando-se possíveis efeitos de equidade de gênero na produção de cuidado localizada.
O EFEITO DEVASTADOR DA PANDEMIA PARA AS MULHERES E A INFLUÊNCIA NAS CONDIÇÕES DE VIDA E TRABALHO
Authors: Lessa Cardoso Adriana , Ávila Chiarelli Lígia Maria
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo busca compreender importantes consequências da pandemia sobre a vida e o trabalho das mulheres, sugerindo apontamentos que se identifiquem com as necessidades de mudança social e com as novas questões que devem ser tratadas pelos movimentos sociais e na academia, no que diz respeito às políticas públicas direcionadas ao trabalho das mulheres.  O referencial teórico utilizado para reflexão e análise tem como princípio o paradigma feminista crítico-dialético da divisão sexual do trabalho, visando à eliminação das hierarquias e acúmulo de tarefas. Utilizou-se revisão bibliográfica e documental como metodologia.  Assim, conclui-se que a pandemia tem um efeito devastador para a vida da população em geral, mas as mulheres, em que se considere o recorte de raça e classe, ainda são as mais prejudicadas devido à cultura patriarcal e sexista fundamentadora do capitalismo. Neste sentido, aponta-se para a necessidade de atualizar, definir novas pautas e fomentar o protagonismo das mulheres na transformação social.
EDUCAÇÃO, LUTAS, DESAFIOS E VIVÊNCIAS
Authors: Portela de Sousa Antonia Nilene
Published: May 2023

Este artigo tem como base estudos do feminismo para compreender a situação da mulher na sociedade contemporânea. Utilizando figuras emblemáticas do município de Tianguá (CE) a pesquisa destaca mulheres que de alguma forma interfeririam no processo de dominação do patriarcado em sua comunidade, rompendo barreiras, desconstruindo estereótipos. Para fortalecer esse estudo, trabalhamos alguns conceitos e ideias de Biroli[1], Ferguson e MCnally[2], Tiburi[3], Del Re[4]. A partir dessas leituras, foi possível estabelecer conexões do passado com o presente e visualizar como comportamentos sociais das décadas de 40 à 80 ainda são presentes nos dias atuais. A nossa discussão reforça a tese de que o machismo é estrutural, perigoso e se alastra ao longo dos séculos nas diferentes civilizações. Essa postura de dominação exercida por homens, se materializa diariamente nos diferentes espaços. Por mais que os movimentos feministas tenham entrado em evidência nas últimas décadas, às lutas por igualdade de gênero são constantes, um trabalho árduo exercido do Ocidente ao Oriente. Salientamos que, esses comportamentos ditados pelas sociedades se construíram sob o prisma do patriarcado, levando a crer que o homem é um ser dotado de qualidades das quais a mulher não possui, é a inferiorizarão do gênero feminino. O que para muitos pode parecer extremismo, mas o que acontece de fato é uma luta contínua pela sobrevivência e o direito de ser o que quiser. Nesse estudo, prezamos pelo uso de uma metodologia bibliográfica para identificar o quanto a sociedade contemporânea tem se mostrado retrógrada e machista, isso são posturas arcaicas ainda exercidas no século XXI, resquícios de uma cultura desigual, que coloca o homem em posição de superioridade, deixando a mulher no plano de fundo, limitadas aos lares, a criação dos filhos, cuidados com a casa, longe da visibilidade social.
PROTAGONISMO DAS MULHERES NA LUTA PELA TERRA NO ASSENTAMENTO PADRE EZEQUIEL RAMIN
Authors: De Almeida Miranda Aureni , Cinelli Catiane
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo, resultado de pesquisa para o Trabalho de Conclusão do Curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo na Universidade Federal de Rondônia (2019), reflete sobre as experiências vividas no processo educativo das mulheres na luta pela terra no Assentamento Padre Ezequiel Ramin. A pesquisa iniciou-se com a problemática em torno das trajetórias de luta pela terra expressas nos processos de educação do Assentamento Padre Ezequiel Ramin, no município de Mirante da Serra, Rondônia. Orientou-se pelo objetivo geral de analisar o protagonismo das mulheres para a constituição do assentamento. Como objetivo específico, buscou-se: identificar os processos formativos realizados na história de organização do assentamento; descrever os fatores sociais que contribuíram com a luta das mulheres; e compreender os limites no processo de luta na caminhada das mulheres. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa participante, por meio das técnicas de observação participante nos encontros de mulheres do movimento e entrevistas semiestruturadas com oito (8) mulheres, realizadas durante visitas a suas casas. A pesquisa constatou que, com a luta, a vida das mulheres melhorou, tanto em conhecimento, quanto em autonomia. Percebeu-se que é uma comunidade pedagógica que ensina as práticas educativas, transforma o convívio privado de doméstica em outras atividades que as tornam mais potentes nos conhecimentos sociais. Apontou-se desafios como vencer o medo e avançar em direção a relações de gênero igualitárias.
Atherogenic index of plasma as a biomarker of atherogenecity in type 2 diabetes mellitus in Erbil city
Authors: Yousif Sardar , Ali Rebwar
Published: May 2023

Background and objective: Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a mathematical method logarithmically ratio between concentrations of triglycerides to HDL-cholesterol, AIP= Log (TG/HDL), so AIP increase with increase triglycerides and reversible with HDL level. The aim of this study is to evaluation the AIP as a stronger biomarker of atherosclerosis among type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: This was a cross sectional-study contacted. A total of 65 patients of type 2 diabetic patient group from Laila Qasim Center for Diabetes in Erbil City collection of blood samples from 65 patients of type 2 diabetic patient group from Laila Qasim Center for Diabetes in Erbil City, compared with 50 healthy volunteers (control group). Blood samples were collected into serum separation tube (gel tube) and (K3EDTA) tube, allowed gel tube to clot at room temperature for 5 minutes then centrifuged at 4000 round per minute (rpm). The separated serum was used immediately for biochemical tests and all the laboratory investigation analysis were carried out from 2nd January to 2nd August 2021. Results: The results of this study found that the level of serum glucose, HbA1C, albumin, CRP, and AIP in diabetics were significantly higher than healthy group, while decreasing S. HDL in diabetic patients compare with healthy individuals. Conclusion: The study detected high level of AIP in type 2 DM patients. Accordingly, patients with type 2 DM should be followed up with regular dietary lipid intake, take lipid lowering drugs, with exercise in order to diminish AIP.
Appraisement of Mental Health Manifestations among Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Yousif Salah
Published: May 2023

Background and objective: Hypertension is a growing public health problem worldwide; hypertensive patients experience negative emotions, which in particular may increase the risk for mental health instabilities. The objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of anxiety and depression among hypertensive patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a clinic from May 1st to October 1st, 2021 in the city of Erbil, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, among 286 hypertensive patients, for assessing the level of association of hypertension with depression and anxiety. Results: A total of 286 participants were included, the mean age was 61.2 ± 12 years, and the age range was 33 to 88 years. More than half (57.3%) of the patients were females, 55.9% of patients had a form of Ischemic Heart Disease (including stable and unstable angina, obstructive and non-obstructive coronary artery disease) and 39.9% of them were diabetic. It was found that depression was higher among females (26.3%) than male patients (18%) (P = 0.002). Anxiety was more prevalent among females (24.4%), while only 8.2% of male hypertensive cases had anxiety (P = 0.001). Conclusion: A considerable proportion of the hypertensive patients had depression and anxiety. The rate was higher among women than men.
Detection of carbapenemase in acinetobacter baumannii enrolled in the relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance
Authors: Qader Sayran , Ganjo Aryan
Published: May 2023

Background and objective: Acinetobacter baumannii is a significant pathogenic bacterium in the health system. The ability to resist antimicrobial drugs and biofilm formation gives the considerable capacity to A. baumannii for existing in a harsh environment, enabling this bacterium to cause hospital-acquired infection. Carbapenem is an important treatment option for severe nosocomial infection and patients infected by multidrug-resistant organisms. The main aim of this study is to detect carbapenemase in isolates, and its association with biofilm formation as well as antibiotic resistance. Methods: Sixty A. baumannii isolates were obtained from several hospital districts in Erbil city. Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) of isolates were performed by VITEKII compact system. Phenotypic identification of carbapenem by sCIM also biofilm-forming was detected by 96 well method. Additionally, three antimicrobial agents were used if they were successful in eliminating biofilm formation. . Results: The majority of the isolates were from sputum, accounting 75% and antibiotic susceptibility showed that the isolates are resistant to the most available antibiotics, and significant of the isolates formed strong biofilm. The sensitivity of meropenem, ceftazidime, and ciprofloxacin were employed for ten isolates of A. baumannii after biofilm formation it was found that biofilm cells need more concentration of antibiotic than planktonic cells then phenotypic detection of carbapenem showed that the overall positive values were 30 (50.0%) for sCIM. Conclusion: We revealed that most resistant isolates have a greater capacity for biofilm development than sensitivite isolates. Biofilm-producing strains of A. baumannii cannot be killed with the relatively similar concentration of antimicrobial drugs that are needed to kill planktonic cells.
Ectopic Cushing’s syndrome: clinical, diagnostic, treatment and follow-up outcomes of 12 cases of lung ectopic ACTH
Authors: González Fernández Laura , Maricel Rivas Montenegro Alejandra , Brox Torrecilla Noemí , Miguélez González María , Atencia Goñi Jose , Fernández Fernández Elisa , González Albarrán Olga , Carlos Pércovich Hualpa Juan , Sambo Salas Marcel , García Centeno Rogelio
Published: May 2023

Ectopic Cushing’s syndrome (ECS) is a rare disease associated with significant comorbidity. Among the causes of Cushing's syndrome, adrenocorticotropic hormone-producing extrapituitary tumours are rarely reported. This low frequency makes it difficult for the physician to acquire experience in its management.

In this report, we aimed to describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach and treatment modalities of 12 patients with ECS treated in a single tertiarycentre over a 17-year period. Although they can appear in different locations through the neuroendocrine system, lung tumours are the most frequently reported, as it occurs in our series. They can show different levels of aggressiveness and mild to severe clinical course. Therefore, distinguishing Cushing's disease can be challenging and sometimes requires more specific techniques such as invasive tests or no conventional imaging. Treatment includes controlling both hypercortisolism and neoplastic disease, and multidisciplinary management is recommended.

Learning points

Ectopic Cushing's syndrome (ECS) accounts for 15% of endogenous Cushing's syndromes. Its infrequency implies that both diagnosis and treatment can be a challenge for clinicians without experience in its management.

The most common location is the lung. Although older series reported small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) as the main ECS-producing tumour, currently most cases are attributed to lung carcinoids.

Low-grade tumours (lung carcinoids) present themselves with a more subtle and gradual hypercortisolism, and clinically this can be difficult to differentiate from hypercortisolism due to CD. In contrast, high-grade tumours (SCLC) show severe hypercortisolism with rapid evolution.

The diagnostic approach is complex especially when the tumour is not previously known and the clinical presentation is subtle. Functional tests are mandatory in these cases, and nuclear medicine imaging can help when conventional imaging tests fail to identify the tumour.

ECS treatment includes a wide variety of modalities oriented to treat both the excess of cortisol and the tumour itself. The tumour prognosis depends fundamentally on the type of adrenocorticotropic hormone-secreting tumour.

Expert and multidisciplinary team is essential for successfully treating these complex and ill patients.
Ideas about mysticism and magic as an expression of special features of priest Pavel Florensky’s christian worldview
Authors: Pavliuchenkov Nikolai
Published: May 2023

The article examines one of the most important features of the religious, philosophical and theological heritage of the priest Pavel Florensky. Despite the large amount of research literature, it remains not sufficiently studied. Unlike a number of other thinkers, elements of mysticism and mystical perceptions in Florensky's works are associated with his direct interest in those realities that relate to the theory and practice of magic and occultism. The article gives a brief overview of the opinions expressed by the leading researchers of Florensky's legacy, who dealt with this topic. There is a lack of serious developments on this topic after the publication of all Florensky's texts by the early 2010s. In the article, the research is carried out on three main aspects. The first one analyzes Florensky's concepts, in which his views on mysticism and mystical experience found expression. His beliefs stand out, on the basis of which he considered the mystical experience universal for all periods of human history. In the second aspect, evidence of the mystical experience of Florensky himself is revealed. Remarks are made regarding his distinction between genuine mysticism and false mysticism, respectively, as free and not free from the subjective “human factor”. The third aspect provides the main evidence of Florensky's actual attitude to the realities of “magical” relationships in the world, as well as to the theory and practice of occult teachings. It is noted that Florensky was convinced that these realities themselves are spiritually neutral, but can be used in various ways by those who have known them. The main conclusion is made that Florensky, as a Christian thinker, perceived mysticism as a “knowledge of the higher worlds” primarily in its soteriological aspect. The main danger of false mysticism, as well as the practice of “dark” magic and occultism, he saw only in the unconscious or conscious manifestation of human self-will and human subjectivity.