bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural features of binuclear aryl compounds of antimony
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Sharutin V.
Published: December 2024

The structures of three binuclear aryl compounds of antimony (Ar3SbX)2O (Ar = Ph, X = Cl (1), Ar = Ph, X = OC6H3(Cl-2)(F-4) (2), Ar = 3-FC6H4, X = OSO2CH2CF3 (3) were determined by X-ray diffrac-tion analysis. Crystal (1): C36H30OCl2Sb2, М 793.00; monoclinic system, symmetry group P21/n; cell parameters: a = 9.158(6), b = 19.911(14), c = 18.426(16) Å; β = 98.60(3)°, V = 3322(4) Å3; Z = 4, rcal = 1.585 g/cm3; 2q 6.06-52 deg; total reflections 56802; independent reflections 6507; number of re-fined parameters 371; Rint = 0.0331; R1 = 0.0247, wR2 = 0.0546; residual electron density (max/min): 0.49/-1.46 e/Å3; (2): C48H36O3F2Cl2Sb2 M 1013.17; symmetry group P21; cell parameters: a = 11.694(10), b = 12.754(8), c = 14.487(11) Å; V = 2161(3) Å3, Z = 2; rcal = 1.557 g/cm3; 2q 5.62-71,84 deg; total reflections 91787; independent reflections 11155; number of specified parameters 514; Rint = 0.0401; GOOF 1.033; R1 = 0.0307, wR2 = 0.0757; residual electron density (max/min): 0.49/-1.46 e/Å3]; (3) C40H28O7F12S2Sb2, M 1156.31; triclinic system, symmetry group P-1; cell parameters: a = 10.946(5), b = 20.130(10), c = 20.282(12) Å; a = 76.57(3)°, β = 78.284(18)°, g = 89.672(17)°; V = 4252(4) Å3, Z = 2; rcal = 1.689 g/cm3; 2q 5.762-52.138 deg; total reflections 93721; independent re-flections 16665; number of specified parameters 1113; Rint = 0.0548; GOOF 1.048; R1 = 0.0426, wR2 = 0.1088; residual electron density (max/min): 1.01/-0.60 e/Å3].
The influence of the physico-chemical parameters of the resin on the formation of phenoplast
Authors:   South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia, Vikhareva I. , Enikeeva D. , Kruchinina P.
Published: December 2024

Phenolic resins were first obtained more than 100 years ago. However, interest in this product of organic chemistry does not fade, which is reflected in a large number of research papers. The reason for the popularity of products based on phenolic resins is their excellent operational characteristics and low cost. However, the most problematic issue remains in releasing incompletely reacted initial components (which are toxic substances), during operation. For this reason, new raw materials are being considered for development of phenolic resins, such as involvement of plant products, which undoubtedly improve the operational characteristics of the materials obtained, as well as contribute to the expansion of their fields of application. The paper describes the synthesis of phenol-formaldehyde resin of the resol type in the presence of an alkaline catalyst. The main characteristics of the process have been determined in order to obtain a high-quality product that meets regulatory standards. The properties of the resulting product have been investigated. The curing technique of the obtained phenol-formaldehyde resin has been studied. Based on experimental data, the type and optimal amount of a hardener have been determined. In order to select a foaming agent, the analysis of foaming multiplicity and its comparison with the kinetics of curing has been carried out. Finally, a formula of the foamed material based on phenolic resin has been developed.
Mineral Resources Complex of the Russia Far East: Current Dynamics
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Lomakina Natalia
Published: December 2024

The article examines the structural and dynamic characteristics and development results of the mineral resource complex of the Far Eastern Federal District (FEFD) and its key sub-sectors during the crisis period. Based on expert, analytical and statistical information, the estimates for 2023 were updated and trends characterizing the dynamics of three quarters of 2024 were shown. It was confirmed that the basic dynamics in the mineral resources complex FEFD were determined mainly by the fundamental factors of its development (production structure, investment activity, reproduction of the mineral resource base). Investment activity was analyzed and new features of investment processes in the mineral resource complex of the macroregion were identified, reflecting elements of, firstly, diversification and, secondly, the formation of intersectoral approaches in long-term territorial planning
Residential Real Estate Market of the People’s Republic of China: Features, Problems and Development Prospects
Authors:   SPbU, Pogorletskiy Alexander ,   Financial University
Published: December 2024

By the beginning of the 21st century, the residential real estate market had become the driving force behind the growth of the Chinese economy, giving a powerful impetus to the development of related types of economic activity. The article presents the characteristics of its features, including mechanisms to support investments in real estate, identifies problems and prospects for the functioning of the housing market, considering the risks of a recurrence of the mortgage and financial crises according to the US scenario. The role of the state in regulating the residential real estate market of the People’s Republic of China is defined, including one that creates a few risks. The results of the study may be useful in assessing the situation on the residential real estate market and in the construction industry of the Russian Federation
The Scale of the Labor Market in Khabarovsk
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Naiden Svetlana , Bravok Polina ,   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to assessing the scale of the local labor market in Khabarovsk and its surrounding areas using geographic information analysis tools. The relevance of the study is due to the need to clarify the boundaries of the local labor market in conditions of dynamically developing economic activity and the growth of spatial mobility of the population within the emerging Khabarovsk urban agglomeration. An analysis was carried out of the transport accessibility of places of employment, the scale of economic activity, employment of the population, differentiation of wages in the context of municipalities of the Khabarovsk Territory, concentrated near Khabarovsk, as well as the border region of the neighboring Jewish Autonomous Region (N = 45). To achieve this goal, the following methodological approaches and tools are used: construction of isochrones of transport accessibility; calculation of average wages; formation of cartograms. The information base for the study was provided by Rosstat data on the population of municipalities at the beginning of 2024, data from the statistical tax reporting of the FTS of Russia (Form 5-NDFL) for 2023, data on the number of objects of economic activity within the boundaries of municipalities and geodata GIS «Yandex Map to the Territory of the Russian Federation», NextGIS QGIS, current as of October 2023. Zoning has been completed, the core and boundaries of the local labor market in Khabarovsk have been determined. Based on an analysis of the composition and structure of existing transport accessibility zones, it is substantiated that a reduction in wages moving away from the core increases competition and draws labor resources into the city, «exposing» the periphery and exacerbating spatial heterogeneity
Quantifying the impact of land surface temperature on vegetation moisture for drought monitoring in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Janarth S , Jagadeeswaran R , Pazhanivelan S , Balaji K , Ragunath KP , Sathiyamoorthy NK , Pandiya Kumar D , Santhoshkumar B
Published: December 2024

Drought significantly threatens agriculture, water resources, and ecosystems, particularly in Tamil Nadu, India. This study explores the link between Land Surface Temperature (LST) and the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) to evaluate their effectiveness for drought monitoring across Tamil Nadu’s districts from 2014 to 2023. Utilizing MODIS MOD11A2 for LST and MOD09A1 for NDWI, the analysis examines the influence of temperature variations on vegetation moisture levels. The Pearson correlation analysis identified substantial spatial differences, with strong correlations in districts such as Perambalur, Namakkal, and Dindigul (up to 0.91), suggesting higher temperatures are closely associated with reduced vegetation moisture content, heightening drought risk. Nonetheless, weaker correlations in regions like the Nilgiris and Tirunelveli suggest that temperature exerts a lesser influence on vegetation moisture in those areas. Further quantification was achieved through linear and polynomial regression models. The linear model explained 52.7% of NDWI variation due to LST (R-squared = 0.527) and was validated as the most robust model via cross-validation. While polynomial models accounted for slight non-linearities, they offered limited predictive improvement, confirming that a linear relationship generally describes the NDWI-LST dynamics adequately. The results indicate that LST is a valuable indicator for drought monitoring in strongly correlated areas. In contrast, additional variables like rainfall and soil moisture may be essential for accurate predictions in regions with weaker correlations. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of remote sensing for drought monitoring and emphasizes the need to consider local environmental factors to refine predictive models across Tamil Nadu’s diverse landscapes.
Quantifying methane emissions in major rice growing areas of Tamil Nadu using remote sensing and land surface temperature model
Authors: Tamilmounika R , Muthumanickam D , Pazhanivelan S , Ragunath K P , Kumaraperumal R , Sivamurugan A P , Satheesh S , Sudarmanian N S
Published: December 2024

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is cultivated in diverse environments, contributing significantly to global methane (CH4) emissions, accounting for approximately 12% of total methane emissions worldwide. With the demand for increasing rice production, methane emissions from rice fields continue to rise. This underscores the need for reliable strategies for estimation and mitigation strategies. This study aims to estimate methane emissions from rice fields of the Cauvery Delta region of Tamil Nadu using remote sensing data. Sentinel 1A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data was used to delineate rice areas and assess agronomic flooding, while Land Surface Temperature (LST) derived from MODIS satellite data was used to estimate methane emissions. The semi-empirical methane emission model was employed to estimate methane flux based on temperature-related factors and rice area. The spatial methane estimates derived from the LST-based method were compared with field observations. The results showed that during the Kharif and Rabi seasons of 2023, a total of 169679 and 356270 ha of rice area were delineated, respectively. The total methane emissions of 7.16 and 17.09 Gg were estimated for both seasons, respectively. The agreement between estimated and observed methane for both seasons was 84.74 % and 87.52 %, respectively. This study provides an efficient empirical method for estimating methane emissions across large areas and highlights the need for continued monitoring and the development of mitigation strategies to reduce methane emissions from rice cultivation.
Exploring the potentiality of botanicals and phyllosphere microbiome for the management of anthracnose disease in Black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper)
Authors: Rajinimala N , Vasuki E , Elanchezhyan K , Santhoshinii E , Kannan R , Sheela J
Published: December 2024

Black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) is the third most important pulse crop, and its yield is reduced due to many diseases. Among them, anthracnose is one of the devasting global fungal diseases which cause severe damage. Use of fungicide is highly effective in controlling this disease, but continuous use of fungicides is unsafe for environment, and it causes fungicidal resistance. To overcome these problems, effect of plant extracts viz., Anisomeles malabarica, Azadirachta indica leaf extracts, phyllosphere antagonist Bacillus amyloliquifaciens, and essential oils viz., peppermint oil and lemon grass oil were evaluated against black gram anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum lindimuthianum under pot culture. Among the different treatments tested, plants sprayed with standard chemical viz., Carbendazim @ 0.2 percent recorded the least percent disease index (PDI) of 13.39 followed by A. malabarica leaf extract (10%) treatments, which recorded a PDI of 16.62, whereas plants treated with B. amyloliquifaciens, lemongrass oil and peppermint oil recorded a PDI of 20.91, 21.23 and 24.0, respectively, compared to the inoculated control (77.33 PDI). The induction of defense enzymes viz., phenol, peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was recorded more (21.25 µg of catechol/g of leaf tissue, 3.82 changes in absorbance/min/g leaf tissue, 3.32 changes in absorbance/min/g leaf tissue, respectively) in the plants sprayed with A. malabarica. GC-MS analysis of hexane and ethanol extract of A. malabarica showed the presence of 26 phytocompounds. Among them, phenol 2,4- bis (1,1- dimethylethyl) phosphite from ethanol extract was a predominant compound (100%). Formulation and standardization of dosage for phenol 2,4- bis (1,1- dimethylethyl) phosphite compound will be useful for managing the disease effectively.
Didactic Values in the Gending Text of the Baris Dadap Dance in Adat Batur Village, Bali
Authors: Pratama Pande Putu Yogi Arista , Jazuli Muhammad , Adnyana I Wayan , Cahyono Agus
Published: December 2024

The Baris Dadap dance is a sacred dance performed by four to six male dancers, typically staged during the Dewa Yadnya ceremony (a sincere and wholehearted offering to the Almighty God). The Baris Dadap dance has distinctive characteristics that set it apart from other types of Baris dances, particularly in its performance structure, which combines movements and gending (traditional Balinese song), referred to in Balinese as wirama. This study aims to (1) describe the performance form of the Baris Dadap dance and (2) analyze the didactic implications of the gending text in the Baris Dadap dance on the formation of knowledge within the Batur traditional village community in Bali. This research employs a qualitative method with data sources including the Baris Dadap dance performance, dancers, musicians, community elders, cultural figures, and journals related to previous research findings. Structural functional theory and Balinese dance theory are used to analyze all data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that (1) the performance form of the Baris Dadap dance is built on three main frameworks—dance movements, gending texts sung by the dancers, and accompanying music—with the structure of the performance divided into three parts: the first part called pepeson, the second part called pengadeng, and the third part called pekaad; (2) the didactic values in the gending text of the Baris Dadap dance have implications for the formation of a knowledge system in the aspects of tattwa (philosophy), susila (morality), and upacara (rituals). The new findings of this study reveal that the values embedded in traditional dances and their meanings can serve as a conscious means of imparting human knowledge to achieve physical and spiritual harmony.
1894 İstanbul Depreminde Basın Yasakları
Authors: Turan Ali
Published: December 2024

1894 İstanbul depremi, bugüne kadar İstanbul’da gerçekleşen şiddetli depremle-rin en sonuncusudur. 1894 depreminin ilginç yönlerinden biri de deprem sonra-sında basında çıkan haberler için basın yasaklarına başvurulmuş olmasıdır. Öyle ki yapılan haberler sebebiyle bazı basın organlarına kapatma cezası dahi verilmiştir. Yapılan haberler sebebiyle halkta korku ve panik havasının oluşması bu basın yasaklarına gerekçe olarak gösterilmiştir. Bu dönemde gazetelerin dep-remle ilgili haberlerde “tahfif-i lisan” (yumuşak dil) kullanılması emredilmiştir. Aynı zamanda depreme ilişkin olarak asılsız haberlere yer veren gazetelerin ülkeye sokulması da yasaklanmıştır. Hükümet, bu anlamda yürütmüş olduğu politikada muvaffak olmuş ve zamanla basında kamuoyunun moralini yüksek tutmayı hedefleyen yayınlara yer verilmiştir.
Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1894 İstanbul depremini ve deprem sonrasında İstanbul basını ile yabancı basına tatbik edilen basın yasaklarını tetkik etmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda evvela bu depremin İstanbul üzerindeki tesiri kısaca ele alınacak ve akabinde devletçe tatbik edilen basın yasakları üzerinde durulacaktır. Böylece basın yasaklarına neden müracaat edildiği, bu amaçla neler yapıldığı ve yapılan bu faaliyetlerin hukuki niteliğinin ve neticesinin ne olduğu hususları tasrih edi-lecektir.
ÜRÜN GÜVENLİĞİ VE TEKNİK DÜZENLEMELER KANUNU (ÜGTDK) KAPSAMINDA SORUMLU KİŞİLERİN KİM OLDUĞU SORUNU
Authors: Yazıcı Çakmak Ayşe Nur Merve
Published: December 2024

Türk hukukunda, hatalı üründen dolayı meydana gelen zararlardan kusursuz sorumluluğa ilişkin, Ürün Güvenliği ve Teknik Düzenlemeler Kanunu (ÜGTDK) ile düzenleme yapılmıştır. ÜGTDK’da sorumlu kişilerin kimler olduğu, imalatçı kavramından ne anlaşılması gerektiği, buna kısmi ürün imalatçıları ve hammadde üreticilerinin dahil olup olmadığı, yetkili temsilcinin sorumluluğunun bulunup bulunmadığı net olarak açıklanmamış ve bu durumlar doktrinde tartışmaya neden olmuştur. Hatalı Ürün Nedeniyle Sorumluluk Hakkında 85/374/EEC Direktifi ve bunu yürürlükten kaldıracak olan Avrupa Birliği’nin 2022/495 sayılı Hatalı Ürün Sorumluluğuna ilişkin Direktif Önerisi (12 Mart 2024 tarihli Avrupa Parlamentosu Yasama Kararı ile Komisyon Önerisi’nde yapılan değişiklikler dikkate alınmıştır) çalışma için özel önem arz etmektedir. Bu Direktif Önerisi incelendiğinde Avrupa Birliği’nde sorumlular çevresinde oldukça farklı düzenlemeler yapıldığı ve zarar görenin karşısına daha fazla sorumlu konulduğu görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada ÜGTDK’ya göre sorumluluğun kime yöneltileceği, olması gereken hukuk açısından sorumluların nasıl düzenlenmesi gerektiği, 2022/495 sayılı Direktif Önerisi doğrultusunda ÜGTDK’da yapılması faydalı olacak değişikliklerin neler olduğu değerlendirilmektedir.
Поліморфна модифікація високого тиску п’ятишарових сполук типу АnВnО3n+2
Authors: Тітов Ю.О. , Чумак В.В. , Стратійчук Д.А. , Струтинська Н.Ю.
Published: December 2024

Досліджено фазові співвідношення у двофазних (фаза зі структурою типу пірохлору + слідові кількості фази з шаруватою перовськітоподібною структурою) полікристалічних зразках валового складу АІІSm4Ti5O17 (АІІ = Ca, Sr) та Sm5Ti4FeO17 і Sm5Ti4GaO17 після їх оброблення за умов високих тиску та температури (8,5 · 109 Па, 1770 K „ Т „ 2170 К) і подальшого загартування до кімнатних умов. На прикладі Sm5Ti4GaO17 вперше показано принципову можливість отримання поліморфних модифікацій високого тиску з п’ятишаровою структурою типу АnВnО3n+2. Кристалографічні параметри моноклінної модифікації високого тиску Sm5Ti4GaO17: a = 0,7662(2) нм, b = 3,1428(4) нм, с = 0,5442(2) нм, Ðg = 97,03(8)°, Z = 4. Зворотний перехід метастабільної в звичайних умовах модифікації високого тиску Sm5Ti4GaO17 у модифікацію зі структурою типу пірохлору відбувається за атмосферного тиску і температури … 1070 К, а його природа близька до переходів другого роду.
Плоска задача про стискання напівобмеженого кусково-однорідного тіла вздовж міжфазної зони гладкого проковзування
Authors: Кіпніс О.Л.
Published: December 2024

Досліджено лінеаризовану задачу плоскої деформації про стискання кусково-однорідного напівобмеженого тіла з вільною від навантажень граничною поверхнею вздовж зони гладкого проковзування, яка розташована на прямолінійній межі поділу двох різних жорстко з’єднаних між собою пружних середовищ. З використанням представлень розв’язків лінеаризованих рівнянь рівноваги через потенціальні гармонічні функції у випадку нерівних коренів  характеристичних  рівнянь  для  пружних  потенціалів  складових компонент тіла вихідну граничну задачу зведено до задачі на власні значення для інтегрального рівняння Фредгольма першого роду, доповненого додатковою умовою. Із застосуванням методу Бубнова — Гальоркіна до дослідження останньої вивчено характер залежності критичних значень параметра навантаження задачі від геометричного та фізико-механічних параметрів тіла у випадку пружного потенціалу Трелоара.
Improving the thermophysical properties of polymer composites
Authors:   Kherson State Maritime Academy, Ukraine, Buketov A.V. , Shulga Yu.M. ,   Danube Institute of the National University “Odesa Maritime Academy”, Ukraine, Strelchenko V.Yu. ,   Kherson State Maritime Academy, Ukraine, Sotsenko V.V. ,   Kherson State Maritime Academy, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

To improve the thermophysical properties of polymer composites, their physicochemical modification was carried out by introducing a microdispersed filler of synthesised aluminium-copper charge into the epoxy resin. Based on the dynamics of thermophysical properties depending on the amount of filler in the synthesised aluminium-copper charge, the optimal content of the additive in the epoxy compound was determined, which is 2...2.5 mass%. The introduction of filler into the epoxy oligomer ensures the production of composites with maximum values of thermal properties. The mechanism of formation of a heterogeneous structure of composites in the presence of microdispersed filler is substantiated. There are three structural levels that are formed after the polymerisation of the material: micro-, meso- and macrostructure. It is shown that in the formation of heterogeneous composites, there is a hierarchical combination of structural levels, and the dominant influence of one of them is determined by the nature and content of the filler. It is substantiated that the structure and properties of the composites are determined by the course of structure formation processes: within a single level, between different levels in a cluster, and between clusters.
Plano-radial stationary movements of incompressible oil using various filtration laws in a homogeneous annular formation
Authors: Aliyeva Maral H. , Aliyarova Khalida E. , Mammadova Saida B. , Hamashayeva Matanat J.
Published: December 2024

The issues of plane-radial movement of incompressible oil in a homogeneous horizontal circular formation are studied in the article. Considering that filtration obeys various laws, researches have been carried out according to linear Darcy’s law, generalized Darcy’s law and the modified Caisson model. The article solved stationary hydrodynamic problems about the hemispherical-radial flow of non-Newtonian oil in a homogeneous reservoir according to various filtration laws. Formulas for all the main indicators of development, well flow rate, filtration rate, and pressure gradient were derived. Considering these formulas, the characteristic features of the development of these deposits are identified, methods for developing and implementing measures to eliminate the complications that occur, as a result of which it is possible to increase the oil recovery of the deposits. Each of the stated problems has been solved using mathematical methods, and corresponding algorithms have been obtained taking into account the forms of oil movement in a porous medium. A plane-parallel simple filtration flow of oil moves from a skid-shaped reservoir to a rectilinear gallery. Such fluid flow is observed when a developing oil field has several parallel rectilinear rows of production wells. In oil-bearing areas between parallel adjacent rows, oil filtration is also plane-parallel. This implies the practical significance of solving the problem of plane-parallel oil flow in this scientific article. For each filtration law, hydrodynamic formulas calculated for well operation parameters and oil reservoir development indicators are derived. It is advisable to use the obtained models of oil flow rate, filtration rate, distribution law of current pressure, current pressure gradient, duration of oil movement in the drainage zone are both when drawing up an optimal reservoir development project, and for regulating and adjusting the process of oil extraction from exploited fields. Three stationary hydrostatic problems have been solved, in which the filtration processes obey only a general nonlinear law, and all the basic calculation formulas characterizing the filtration processes have been derived. By analyzing these formulas, it is possible to identify the nature of the impact of each well parameter and each reservoir development indicator on the development process. Also, the results have been obtained to solve various theoretical problems of developing oil deposits when drawing up projects for the development of new fields. A flat-radial simple filtration flow of oil moves from a circular horizontal reservoir to a central production well. In addition, such simple filtration fluid flow also occurs when a developing oil strip field has several (usually three or four) parallel straight rows of production wells. In the drainage zones of these wells, a simple plane-radial filtration flow also occurs.
Geospatial technology for assessment of soil erosion prone areas of the Pulappatti Sub-basin, Dharmapuri District, South India
Authors: Bharathi S. , Arul P.
Published: December 2024

Soil erosion poses serious threats to agricultural production, hydraulic structures, and the world’s ecosystem. Scientific management of soil, water and vegetation resources on a watershed basis is very important for arresting erosion in order to retain the nutrient levels. A number of parametric models have been developed to predict soil erosion prone zones in structural terrains. Normalized Weight is the most widely used empirical equation for estimating soil erosion. A comprehensive methodology using Normalized Weight method and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques was adopted to identify soil erosion prone zones in parts of the Pulappatti Sub-basin, Dharmapuri District, Tamil Nadu, India. Various thematic maps on soil erosion such as slope (%), geology, geomorphology, drainage density, soil, elevation and land use/land cover maps were prepared and the GIS analyses method used to understand the situation of soil erosion. These parameters under various thematic maps were integrated with ArcGIS. A probability weighted approach has been adopted that allows a linear combination of probability weights of each thematic map (Wt) and ranking for different features in the thematic maps were assigned and final scores were obtained (Sc), depending upon their role in soil erosion. The integrated soil erosion map is reclassified into five zones as very low, low, moderate, high and very high soil erosion prone zones. Terrains associated with moderate slope, high elevation, high drainage density and agricultural land are more prone to soil erosion. This factor increases the vulnerability of land degradation in the region. Qualitative results are generated in this study which would be helpful to generate quantitative intensity and to control soil erosion process. The final output in this study provides important tools for researchers and engineers to plan for control of soil erosion in the study area. They should take active and meaningful decisions to avoid this hazard in high and very high areas prone to soil erosion. The results also revealed that soil conservation measures can be considered in this area for sustainable development.
Studying the geotechnical stability of the earth’s surface during the formation of different backfill mass types in quarry cavities
Authors: Petlovanyi Мykhailo V. , Sai Kateryna S. , Popovych Vasyl V. , Khalymendyk Oleksii V. , Ruskykh Vladyslav V.
Published: December 2024

The research focuses on studying the geotechnical stability of backfill mass in the mined-out spaces of inactive quarries for restoring the earth’s surface in the conditions of the Kryvyi Rih region, where large-scale complex iron ore mining is conducted. Based on the analysis, it has been determined that in the region, to fill inactive quarry cavities and failure zones, the traditional method of filling them with dump waste rock is used. Given that the city of Kryvyi Rih is a densely populated, highly indutrialised agglomeration, the restoration of additional land areas could bring significant benefits for the economic development of the region, but the rock mass is not able to provide reliable geomechanical stability of the earth’s surface. The transformation of the physical state of the backfill mass from a loose to a monolithic state is proposed. In order to select alternative backfill methods, the quantitative and qualitative structure of the accumulated wastes of the mining-metallurgical complex that can be used as backfill materials is analyzed. Taking into account the significant volumes of accumulated beneficiation tailings and their limited utilization, it is recommended to use them as part of cemented paste backfilling, which will lead to an improvement in the environmental situation. The research methodology consists of laboratory tests of physical-mechanical properties of dump hard rocks, analysis of the properties of paste backfilling, and numerical modeling of stability of various types of backfill masses. It has been found that the mixture of rocks of 0...100 mm in terms of bulk density and voidness is close to the minimum fraction of 0...5 mm, which does not require the need to select a certain fractional composition. A «stress-strain» curve of a 0...100 mm rock mixture with a logarithmic relationship, characterized by three stages of strain, has been plotted. The strain modulus value has been calculated. The similarity of the mechanical characteristics of the studied mixture to the full-scale characteristics of dump hard rocks is substantiated. The modeling results show that the maximum strains in the case of rock backfilling reach 780 mm, while the calculations of paste backfilling show a significant decrease in the subsidence value, reaching only 43 mm. The difference in the values of subsidence is due to a significant difference in physical-mechanical properties. Based on studying the hardening conditions of paste backfill mixtures and temperature dynamics in the region, a seasonal approach and the formation of a combined backfill mass are proposed to maintain the reclamation rate. The research findings are valuable for the development of the construction direction of reclamation in the Kryvyi Rih region and the rational use of restored land areas.
Economic-geographic problems of the socio-economic development of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic in the modern stage
Authors: Seyidova Elnara Y. , Aliyeva Turkana A. , Aliyeva Naila Z.
Published: December 2024

The article characterizes the factors affecting the socio-economic development of the Nakhchivan economic region and its administrative districts. An analysis of these factors, regional disparities, and existing advantages using the SWOT analysis method was conducted to identify opportunities for sustainable socio-economic development and assess risks. Additionally, the employment levels of the population in various economic sectors, some advantages and shortcomings of social development, and solutions to problems impacting overall socio-economic development were examined. To study the economic and geographical issues of the socio-economic development of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, the distribution of the employed population across economic sectors was comparatively analyzed by economic and administrative districts. Improving the sectoral and territorial structure of the economy is one of the most important tasks outlined in State Programs for various years and categories. This topic has been thoroughly studied, and a map of the development dynamics of newly created job positions and economic objects over the past 20 years was prepared. The article also investigates problems and solutions for increasing employment in newly created service sectors within the autonomous republic. The impact of various socio-economic and political factors on the population’s reproduction rate and the intensity and direction of migration in economic development is highlighted. By analyzing the socio-demographic aspects of economic development in detail, it is evident that eliminating deep disparities in the territorial and sectoral structure of the economy, ensuring the employment of the working-age population, and aligning industrial enterprises with market demands could promote sustainable development. For many years, the development of the non-oil sector has remained one of the main issues for the Republic of Azerbaijan, especially in the regions. In the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, achieving effective specialization in the agrarian-industrial complex is crucial for solving this problem.
Electrocatalytic activity of sodium copper pectates in oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells
Authors: Lebedeva Elgina , Nizameeva Guliya , Nizameev Irek , Kuznetsova Viktoria , Kadirov Marsil
Published: December 2024

In this paper, the results of the electrocatalytic behavior of a series of copper sodium pectate complexes with different Cu2+ contents (5, 10, 15, 20, 25%) towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are presented. To investigate  the catalytic activity of the studied complexes in ORR, the cyclic voltammograms (CVA) recorded in an oxygen-saturated environment and inert argon gas were compared. Clear reduction peaks are observed in the CVA, confirming the electrochemical activity of the complexes in the oxygen reduction reaction. The kinetics and mechanism of the oxygen reduction reaction on the glassy carbon modified with the complexes in an acidic 0.5 M H2SO4 medium were analyzed. The results obtained by cyclic voltammetry at different scan rates show that the ORR on the copper sodium pectate complexes supported on the glassy carbon is diffusion-controlled. The calculation of the number of electrons participating in the electrochemical reaction was carried out. It was found that the best catalyst of the entire series of samples is a sodium pectate complex with a 5% copper content (n = 4). It was noted that the compound is characterized by a large specific surface area. An increase in the amount of copper ions in coordination biopolymers leads to film formation and a decrease in catalytic activity.
Doping effects on the structure, transport properties, and chemical stability of LaInO3 perovskite: A review
Authors: Egorova Anastasia , Belova Ksenia , Animitsa Irina
Published: December 2024

The desire to use novel functional materials in electrochemical devices stimulates significant research in materials science. Сomplex oxides with a perovskite-like structure occupy a large niche among such materials. Solid solutions based on LaInO3 exhibit promising ionic conductor properties (O2–, H+) combined with high chemical stability. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the physicochemical properties of doped LaInO3 materials. The structure and hydration processes of parent and doped compounds are discussed. The transport properties data were collected and summarized. Both the pure and the doped materials exhibit mixed ion-hole conductivity in dry air. All solid solutions based on LaInO3 are capable of reversible incorporation of water vapor due to their effective oxygen vacancy size close to ran~1.4 Å. Under elevated humidity conditions, proton transfer is observed in the samples. The data indicates a correlation between an increase in free cell volume and an increase in ionic conductivity. The results on chemical stability and TEC for the pure and doped materials are analyzed. The strategy for selecting dopant cations is shown. The presented data show the potential for applications of LaInO3-based materials in electrolyte membranes for solid oxide fuel cells, pumps and sensors.
La recuperación histórica de Sebastián Castellio en el siglo XX
Authors: Gutiérrez López Olivera Isabel Estefanía
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar los conceptos de tolerancia religiosa y libertad de conciencia surgidos en el siglo XVI, particularmente en el Tratado sobre los herejes (1554), del humanista Sebastián Castellio. La primera parte explora la presencia política e intelectual de Castellio en el contexto reformado calvinista. Más adelante, elaboro una disquisición en torno a las cualidades particulares que adquieren las nociones de tolerancia y libertad de conciencia en Castellio. Mostraré que el fundamento metafísico de dichas propuestas radica en la creencia en una ley natural grabada en el corazón humano, la cual es percibida mediante la razón natural. Esto nos servirá para observar cómo las ideas del humanista guardan un vínculo con cierta moral ilustrada moderna. Finalmente, se expondrá que a partir de las últimas décadas del siglo XIX comenzó un proceso de asimilación y recepción de Castellio como un intelectual central en la argumentación por el estado laico, el pacifismo y la abolición de las ideologías totalitarias.
Anthecological features of forsythias during introduction in the Bo-tanical Garden of the Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Authors:   Institute of Biology, Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the RAS, Miftakhova Svetlana A.
Published: December 2024

The article describes anthecological features of the introduced samples of Forsythia giraldiana and Forsythia ovata in the arboretum of the Botanical Garden at the Institute of Biology Komi SC UB RAS. These species are valuable decorative early-flowering shrubs, which can not only grow in severe conditions but also preserve their decorative value. The present study determines the time and duration of their flowering, analyzes the structure of the flowers of F. giraldiana and F. ovata, and establishes the morphometric parameters during introduction in the conditions of the north. These species are characterized by heterostyly in the form of distily. In the conditions of the arboretum, forsythia plants have only one flower form, F. giraldiana has a short-columned and F. ovata has a long-columned flower form and therefore legitimate pollination cannot occur. As early-flowering species, they are characterized by rapid flowering. The main pollination method is entomophilia. The flowers of both forsythia species are characterized by a myophilic pollination syndrome manifested in a simple, wide-open corolla, easily-accessible nectar, and clearly-protruding reproductive organs. As a result of the experiments, we assume that both F. giraldiana and F. ovata can possibly have either interspecific hybridization or optional apomixis, which requires additional research.
Differentiated impact assessment of the biogenic polyamines and alarmone synthetase RelMsm on the sliding motility of Mycobacterium smegmatis
Authors:   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms of the Perm Federal Research Center of Ural Branch RAS, Tsyganov Ivan V. ,   Perm State University, Nesterova Larisa Yu. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms of the Perm Federal Research Center of Ural Branch RAS,   Perm State University, Tkachenko Alexander G. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms of the Perm Federal Research Center of Ural Branch RAS,   Perm State University
Published: December 2024

The present article is devoted to the method for comparative analysis of sliding colonies. This new method includes measuring the density of bacterial cells in a monolayer. Using this method, we studied the effect of biogenic polyamines and alarmone synthetase RelMsm on Mycobacterium smegmatis sliding motility and showed a multidirectional effect of spermidine and spermine on sliding, as well as an increase in sliding motility by a strain with a relMsm deletion. It is also shown that there is no dependence between the sliding of mycobacteria and their hydrophobicity.
Molecular genetic analysis of the CYP11B2 gene associated with the development of arterial hypertension in judokas from Perm
Authors:   Perm State University, Sorokina Anna V. ,   Perm State Pharmaceutical Academy
Published: December 2024

To adjust the training process, it is important to know the predisposition of martial artists to the development of physical qualities, as well as the predisposition to the development of cardiovascular diseases, such as arterial hypertension. The purpose of this research is to study the relationship between the CYP11B2 gene polymorphism (cytochrome P450, family 11, subfamily B, polypeptide 2) and the development of arterial hypertension in judokas of the «Vityaz school» in Perm. The research sample included 147 people divided into two groups: Group I, including martial artists with normal blood pressure, and Group II, which consisted of athletes with arterial hypertension. In subjects aged 10 to 16 years, studies were conducted using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and T/C polymorphism of the CYP11B2 gene (rs1799998) was detected. Spearman correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship (rs=0.597) between the T/T genotype values of the CYP11B2 gene in the subjects and the presence of arterial hypertension. Genetic analysis data are necessary in the process of training martial artists in sports schools, since they can be used to create individual training programs taking into account the genotype and physical fitness characteristics of a particular athlete.
Phenotypic features of low-density granulocytes in physiological pregnancy
Authors:   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, PFRC Ural Branch of the RAS, Orlova Ekaterina G. ,   Perm State University, Loginova Olga A. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, PFRC Ural Branch of the RAS, Gorbunova Olga L. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, PFRC Ural Branch of the RAS, Shirshev Sergey V. ,   Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, PFRC Ural Branch of the RAS
Published: December 2024

During physiological pregnancy, the number of low-density neutrophils in the peripheral blood increases, but their phenotypic and functional features have not been practically studied. Therefore, the aim of this work is to study the expression of molecules characterizing cytotoxicity (CD16, CD107a), glucose transport (GLUT-1) and the state of mitochondria (by the inclusion of the MitoSpyGreen FM dye) by low-density granulocytes and in the general pool of granulocytes during physiologically proceeding pregnancy. The object of the study was the peripheral blood of conditionally healthy women in the first and third trimesters of physiological pregnancy. The comparison group consisted of conditionally healthy non-pregnant women in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Low-density granulocytes were analyzed as a percentage of CD3-CD16+ cells in mononuclear leukocytes isolated on a ficolla-urographin density gradient (1.077 g/ml). The total granulocyte pool was studied as the percentage of CD3-CD16+ cells in the gate of peripheral blood granulocytes after removal of erythrocytes. Among granulocytes, subpopulations with high CD16 (CD16hi) and reduced CD16int expression were isolated. It was found that in non-pregnant women CD16hi granulocytes dominate both in the general pool and among low-density granulocytes. During pregnancy, the number of low-density granulocytes increases and CD16int granulocytes become the dominant subpopulation both in the general pool of granulocytes and among low-density granulocytes. In non-pregnant and pregnant women in the first trimester, CD16hi- and CD16int-granulocytes of low density and total pool are comparable in expression of GLUT-1, CD107a, mass and volume of mitochondria. In the third trimester, CD107a expression on low-density CD16int granulocytes and in the general pool decreases compared to non-pregnant ones, and the mass and volume of mitochondria increase in both CD16hi and CD16int granulocytes of the general pool only compared to the first trimester. The results obtained expand our understanding of the mechanisms regulating granulocyte functions during physiological pregnancy.
Üniversitede Öğrenim Gören Futbolcuların Depresyon, Anksiyete ve Stres Düzeylerinin Psikolojik İyi Oluş Düzeylerine Etkisi
Authors: Karababa Burak
Published: December 2024

Depresyon, anksiyete ve stres sporcular üzerinde olumsuz etkiler bırakan ve sporcuların psikolojik iyi oluş düzeylerine negatif yönde etki eden faktörlerdir. Bu olumsuz faktörlerin psikolojik iyi oluş üzerindeki etkisinin ortaya çıkartılması önem arz eden bir konudur. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada, üniversitelerde öğrenim gören futbolcuların depresyon, anksiyete ve stres düzeylerinin psikolojik iyi oluş düzeylerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmanın örneklemini üniversitelerde öğrenim gören 236’sı aktif olarak antrenman yapan ve 94’ü antrenman yapmayan toplamda 330 futbolcu oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama sürecinde demografik bilgi formu, depresyon, anksiyete, stres (DAS-21) ve psikolojik iyi oluş ölçeği olmak üzere üç bölümden oluşan formlar kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, katılımcıların psikolojik iyi oluş düzeyleri arttıkça depresyon, anksiyete ve stres düzeylerinin azaldığı görülmektedir. Psikolojik iyi olma varyansın %15,7’si depresyon değişkenince açıkladığı görülmüştür. Diğer bir ifadeyle psikolojik iyi olma değişkeninin en güçlü yordayıcısı depresyon değişkeni olarak saptanmıştır. Depresyon değişkeninden sonra anksiyete değişkeni modele eklenmiş ve bu değişkenin modele eklenmesiyle psikolojik iyi olma puanında açıklanan varyans %15,7’den %19,5’e çıkmıştır. Depresyon ve anksiyete değişkenlerine stres değişkeni eklenmiştir. Bu ekleme sonucunda psikolojik iyi olma puanında açıklanan varyans %19,5’den %21,6’ya yükselmiştir. Sonuç olarak psikolojik iyi oluş toplam varyansın %21,6’sının bu değişkenlerce açıklandığı görülmüştür.
Subjective Well-Being of Teachers: A Study on Branches and Demographic Variables
Authors: Ağralı Ermiş Sermin , Güler Özkan
Published: December 2024

Teachers play a key role in shaping individuals’ lives, and reactions of individuals, their judgments about life satisfaction, their living conditions, and emotional states affect both themselves and their students. This study aimed to assess teachers’ subjective well-being based on demographic factors such as gender, age, work experience, and teaching disciplines. The research included teachers working in various disciplines at the primary and secondary education levels (Special talent disciplines: Physical Education, Art, and Music; Verbal Disciplines: Social Studies, Religious Culture and Ethics; Numerical Disciplines: Mathematics and Science; Kindergarten and Primary School teachers; Foreign Language teachers; and Vocational teachers). A total of 135 teachers, 68 females (50.4%) and 67 males (49.6%) participated in the study. Data were collected using the “Subjective Well-Being Scale” and a survey form containing demographic information. The findings indicate that teachers’ school engagement scores are high, while their teaching efficacy and overall subjective well-being levels are at medium levels. While age and teaching discipline variables showed significant findings, gender and work experience variables did not reveal any significant differences. In particular, the teaching proficiency levels of special talent disciplines, language, kindergarten, and primary school teachers were significantly higher than those of vocational teachers. These results reflect the varying levels of experience and satisfaction among teachers based on their disciplines. It can be concluded that teachers working with younger age groups tend to be more dedicated to their jobs. These findings may provide insights for improving teachers’ working conditions and developing educational policies.