bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Political Stability, Labor Market and Education on Migration: The Empirical Evidence from Sri Lanka
Authors: Thanabalasingam T.
Published: June 2020

This study employs annual data from Sri Lanka over the period of 1990 – 2018 in order to investigate the impact of political instability and the existence of violence, unemployment rate, wage differential and level of education on migration. ADF unit root test confirmed that none of the variables are I(2), which allows us to examine the long run relationship between the variables using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Bound testing method. AIC is suggested to adapt ARDL (1, 0, 0, 2, 0) model among the top 20 models. ARDL Bound testing approach identified the cointegrating relationship between the variables. The results of both ARDL Bound test and the ARDL version of ECM detected that unemployment rate, political instability and the existence of violence/terrorism and level of education have a positive and significant impact on net migration whereas wage differential do not have significant impact on it even though it affect the net migration negatively both in the long run and in the short run respectively. Also, the coefficients of long run results and the Wald test confirm that the impact of unemployment rate is higher than wage differential, political instability and level of education on net migration in the long run. The result of CUSUM test of selected ARDL model discloses that the estimated model is stable and this model passes the all the diagnostic test. Moreover, Granger causality test identified a causal relationship that stemming from unemployment to net migration, wage differential to net migration, political instability to net migration and level of education to net migration. These findings could be useful to policy makers when they formulating and implementing the policy related to labor markets and good governance.
Lo Duca and Dreyer: Baroque Music, Extant Recordings, and Aleatoric Synchrony
Authors: Greig Donald
Published: June 2020

In 1952, the Italian film historian Lo Duca, having discovered a lost print of Carl Theodor Dreyer’s La Passion de Jeanne d’Arc (1928), created a sonorized version of the film. This article details the history of the project and examines the use of baroque music with the moving image more generally. It also considers the vicissitudes of using pre-existent recordings and proposes a notion of aleatoric synchronization.
Poster Queers: A Visual Analysis of an LGBTQ+ Film Festival
Authors: Huth Jessica L.
Published: June 2020

This study concerns itself with the visual representations of The Chicago LGBTQ+ International Film Festival (a.k.a. Reeling) with specific attention paid to their marketing campaign materials, as exemplified by the annually created festival poster. It is my aim to situate these posters alongside the historical contexts of queer identity, sociopolitical advocacy, and LGBTQ+ cinema. This analysis will navigate the 36-year period of the festival organization’s existence, providing key in-depth interrogations into the decades, images, and trends both visual and narrative. My unpacking and theoretical discussions of the festival’s visual culture has been informed by the practices of semiotics and film genre theory. These methods were employed to answer the primary research question: How have the poster advertisements, as visual signifiers for The Chicago LGBTQ+ International Film Festival, symbolized their organization’s mission, represented queer identities, and engaged with the politically contested history of queer cinematic representation?
Evapotranspiration and components of corn (Zea mays L.) under micro irrigation systems in a semi-arid environment
Authors: Dehghanisanij Hossein , Kanani Elahe , Akhavan Samira
Published: June 2020

Aim of study: This work summarizes the influence of surface drip irrigation (DI) and subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) systems on corn growth indices and actual evapotranspiration (ETc-act) and its components of plant transpiration (Tp) and soil evaporation (E).Area of study: Karaj, IranMaterial and methods: The experimental soil was loamy. The corn ETc-act of each mini-lysimeter was measured based on the water balance method. The E was measured using two mini-lysimeters and Tp was estimated from the difference between ETc-act and E.Main results: The resulting data showed that the ETc-act was lower under SDI (384.8 mm) than under DI (423.4 mm). The Kcb-m for the corn increased after sowing and peaked during the mid-season stage, with an average value of 0.47, a minimum value of 0.0 and maximum value of 1.52 under DI and 0.53, 0.0 and 1.74 respectively, under SDI. For Ke-m, the average, minimum and maximum values were 0.33, 0.20 and 0.58 under DI and 0.23, 0.15 and 0.46 respectively, under SDI. The biomass yield was much higher under SDI (81.90 ton/ha) than under DI (63.21 ton/ha). Less E and more Tp occurred under SDI than under DI. SDI achived superior WUE (8.32 kg/m3) compared with DI.Research highlights: SDI was superior to DI based on biomass yield, corn height, stem diameter, and leaf area index which contributed to more favorable soil moisture conditions and low weed incidence; Thus, the SDI system is more productive and would better increase WUE than the DI system.
How Do Estimates of Inflation Persistence in Malta Compare with Other EU Countries?
Authors: Micallef Brian , Ellul Reuben
Published: June 2020

After the European sovereign debt crisis in 2012, inflation has been unexpectedly low across most of the economies making up the euro area, as well as the Monetary Union aggregate, with economists referring to this phenomenon as the “missing inflation” puzzle. As the smallest and one of the most open economies in the euro area, Malta has also registered a period of low inflation post-2012, despite registering an average GDP growth rate of 6.9% per annum over the period 2013-2019. This paper estimates the extent of inflation persistence of Malta and a number of EU economies for both the pre- and post-2012 period. Measures of persistence are computed as the sum of autoregressive coefficients derived from univariate regressions on both aggregated and disaggregated inflation series. Estimates of persistence in Malta have increased when the sample covers the post-2012 period. In terms of the main sub-components, energy inflation has a substantially higher persistence compared to the pre-2012 period, reflecting both external and country-specific factors. Most other EU countries also reported an increase in persistence when including the post-2012 period in the sample although the estimates for Malta, both at the aggregate and disaggregated indices, remain less persistent.
Growth of Sharing Economy in Hungary; Long Distance Car Sharing - A Case Study of Oszkár
Authors: Szabó Kinga , Gupta Gauri Shankar
Published: June 2020

Rapid growth of sharing economy in the last two decades is the outcome of a paradigm shift in global capitalism and societal values. Based on digital identity and the Trust and Reputation Index, IT platforms have brought together strangers who under new social construct, share under-utilized capacities and assets with those who need them. Radius of trust which was initially confined to family and friends; now encompasses strangers who speak no common language and who live oceans apart. Hungary is no exception to this global shift. Sharing economy in Hungary has registered healthy growth specially in the areas of transportation and accommodation. Oszkár, a long-distance car-sharing company presents a good example of this paradigm shift in societal values and sharing with strangers. This platform has recorded impressive growth of over 67% between 2015-2018 with very positive customer reviews. Moreover, this represents an environmentally-friendly sustainable practice which successfully reduces carbon foot-print and traffic congestion.
Morphology of Khorgo Volcano Crater in the Khangai Mountains in Central Mongolia
Authors: Enkhbold Altanbold , Khukhuudei Ulambadrakh , Dorjgochoo Sanchir , Ganbold Byambabayar
Published: June 2020

Cenozoic basalt, which is widespread in Mongolia, has been attracting the attention of Central Asian researchers since the beginning of the last century. This study identified the geomorphological shape of the Khorgo volcano. The main purpose of the study is to determine the origin and morphological form of Khorgo volcano, a key representative of Cenozoic volcanism. In general, there are several types of morphological forms associated with lava overflow, and it is important to determine which types are the most common and also to establish a link between them. Geomorphological studies in this area have not been conducted in Mongolia. Spatial improvement and morphometric methods satellite imagery had identified Khorgo volcanic faults.Khangai magmatism had thinned its crust to 45 km during the Tariat-Chuluut volcanic activity. It can be concluded that this was due to the thinning of the continental crust in the Khangai Mountains because of mantle plume. During this time, tectonic faults formed were formed, which had broken through the earth's crust. Part of this fault was formed in the vicinity of Khorgo Mountain from northwest to southeast, and lava flowed with the basic composition, which led to the formation of the current morphological form of Khorgo volcano. The lava flow was less than 45% silica and potassium-dominated, which blocked the Suman River valley and formed the present-day Terkhiin Tsagaan Lake. The morphometric analysis compared the morphology of a typical volcano, which showed that the mouth of the crater of the Khorgo volcano has a slope slanting about 45 degrees, it is about 100 meters in depth, with a diameter of about 500 meters. By comparing the basalt composition of the Khorgo volcano and its morphometric characteristics with other standard volcanoes, it has been determined that it is in the form of a lava dome.
Study on the Dephenolization of wastewater of coal chemical industry
Authors: Xie Jiahua , Zhang Shule , Bold Tungalagtamir , Avid Budeebazar
Published: June 2020

Coal chemical wastewater contains large number of phenolic substances, which cause great harm to the environment. The dephenolization of wastewater from coal chemical enterprises was investigated. Through the combined treatment of oil removal, concentration, adsorption and other processes, the final processing results achieved the anticipated goal.
Preliminary study of shaping the railway track geometry in terms of their maintenance costs and capacity
Authors: Gołębiowski Piotr , Kukulski Jacek
Published: June 2020

In Poland, due to the increase in investments made by railways in recent years, and thus the increase in the replacement value of transport infrastructure, the need for expenditure on infrastructure maintenance will increase in the next 30 years, or the development of the developed transport network will degrade. As part of the overall discipline of resource management, subdiscipline has emerged - infrastructure asset management. As part of the management of railway transport infrastructure, the demand for cheaper maintenance costs will grow. The cost reduction of infrastructure maintenance is possible through meticulous assessment of its condition, rational selection of locations and scope of repairs at the assumed risk level, as well as at the stage of preparation of new construction or modernization projects taking into account aspects of later maintenance. For some time, we have been observing the accumulation of knowledge (methods, programs, procedures) in the country and abroad enabling optimization of infrastructure condition assessment and programming of its maintenance. The implementation of these solutions may result in a more rational use of funds for infrastructure maintenance and not disturb its smooth functioning in operation. The article discusses aspects that should be considered in the design process of railway infrastructure. Particular attention was paid to the durability of steel components of the railway superstructure, maintenance costs as well as aspects related to the capacity of the track node. An example of dependence of selected values of radial arcs depending on their durability and maintenance costs was presented. It was proposed to change the track layout at the Warszawa Srodmiescie passenger stop planned for reconstruction. Calculations of kinematic parameters for various configurations of railway turnouts were performed. Also, calculations of the capacity for the existing track system solution as well as the proposed track system after reconstruction of the analysed Warszawa Srodmiescie railway station were also carried out.
Die Religionsfreiheit juristischer Personen im Sinne des Art. 19 Abs. 3 GG
Authors: Kreissl Christina
Published: June 2020

Nach der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts sind außer Religionsgemeinschaften nur solche juristischen Personen Träger der Religionsfreiheit nach Art. 4 Abs. 1, 2 GG, deren Zweck die Pflege und Förderung eines religiösen Bekenntnisses oder die Verkündung des Glaubens ihrer Mitglieder ist. Der vom US Supreme Court entschiedene „Hobby-Lobby-Case“, in dem erstmals einem profitorientierten Unternehmen die Berufung auf die Religionsfreiheit zugestanden wurde, gibt Veranlassung zu überprüfen, ob diese Rechtsprechung das letzte Wort im Hinblick auf die Religionsfreiheit juristischer Personen sein kann.

Ausgehend von dieser Rechtsprechung und Überlegungen zu Grund und Grenzen der Grundrechtsberechtigung juristischer Personen entwickelt die Arbeit unter Befassung mit den gesellschaftsrechtlichen Strukturen verschiedener Organisationsformen allgemeine Kriterien zu Voraussetzungen, nach denen sich auch profitorientierte Gesellschaften auf das Grundrecht der Religionsfreiheit berufen können.
A Localized Procedural Model for Cash-based Assistance to Livelihood and Health of Natural Disasters’ Victims Based on Information Technology
Authors: Taghavifard Mohammad Taghi , Yousefzadeh Yohan
Published: June 2020

Background: After the end of an emergency period and through setting up emergency settlement camps, humanitarian agents will take action to improve livelihood and health conditions of those suffering from the disaster through sending livelihood and health packages with standard contents and based on people’s requirements. However, the problem is that the packages are prepared for normal people, and they would be no use for infants, children, and the elderly or patient family members. Cash-based Assistance (CBA) instead of in-kind donations would result in observing the human dignity of victims during the post-emergency period, as well as families and economic recovery of the affected region. There are many toolkits and process models provided by international humanitarian agencies, but because of special conditions of Iran (sanctions/economy) and a large number of natural disasters, we need a localized process model on CBA for victims of natural disasters based on Information Technology (IT), which would lead to speed, accuracy, and transparency. Methods: The research was performed in two phases. Through a systematic review in the first phase, we studied international models/toolkits and proposed a process model for CBA in Iran. In the second phase, the localized model was customized using Delphi based on experts’ opinions. The statistical population in the first phase was the international publications in addition to operational reports provided by local/international organizations/agencies from 2004 to 2019. In the second part, the statistical population included the executive managers of rescue and relief agencies and university professors in critical management from whom, 14 individuals were selected through targeted sampling and participated in Delphi rounds. Results: In the first stage, by a systematic review, based on five well known international toolkits/models, researcher experiences, and experts, a process model was developed with five steps and 27 processes. In the first round of Delphi, four processes were rejected, and four new processes were added by experts. In the second and third rounds, the experts agreed with all of the items. The calculated Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance (KCC) value of 0.724 evidenced a good expert agreement on the obtained localized CBA model. Conclusions: The localized process model on CBA for victims of natural disasters based on IT included 27 processes in five steps: (1) preparedness, (2) assessment, (3) response analysis, (4) implementation, and (5) monitoring, evaluation, and exit. These are localized processes agreed on by the Delphi panel expert, emphasizing hardware for e-transactions; victims, retailers, and wholesalers training in the fourth step; and program quality assurance and report to donors in the fifth step. The achieved theoretical process model would be a fundamental model to develop a process-based software application system for use in the future in Iran.
¿Progresa moralmente el género humano?
Authors: Garcia Martín Fernando José
Published: June 2020

Tomando como marco de referencia la filosofía crítica kantiana, el artículo se plantea la cuestión del progreso moral de la humanidad. En primer lugar, examina las dificultades que en el contexto de tal filosofía presenta la pretensión de avanzar algo en lo moral. A continuación, aborda la posible contradicción existente entre la idea de progreso y la adscripción kantiana de lo moral al ámbito nouménico. Considera las diferentes alusiones que en la obra kantiana se encuentran en defensa de la tesis que defiende el progreso moral del género humano, examinando los argumentos a favor y en contra de ellas. Finalmente, establece el estatus que debe tener en el contexto kantiano de reflexión la anticipación del posible progreso moral de la humanidad y la manera como éste habría de producirse.
Los peligros de las cámaras eco. Nota crítica de #Republic: Divided Democracy in the Age of Social Media
Authors: Bordonaba Plou David
Published: June 2020

En #Republic: Divided Democracy in the Age of Social Media, Cass R. Sunstein presenta uno de los fenómenos sociales que más repercusión han tenido en el debate en política durante los últimos años: las cámaras de eco. El presente trabajo tiene por objeto analizar la relación que existe entre este fenómeno y la polarización política, relación que a menudo pasa desapercibida en los debates políticos actuales. Para ello, primero expondré los mecanismos que subyacen a la creación de cámaras de eco descritos por Sunstein en su libro, y examinaré los problemas que estas pueden conllevar. Y segundo, analizaré la relación entre cámaras de eco y polarización.
Isolisme: Hobbes reinterpretado por Sade
Authors: Zorrilla Natalia Lorena
Published: June 2020

Este artículo aborda el concepto de «isolisme» en dos obras de Donatien Alphonse François de Sade, La nouvelle Justine y L’Histoire de Juliette, estudiando los distintos sentidos que este término adopta y las argumentaciones que los distintos personajes filósofos y filósofas despliegan a propósito de él, favorable o críticamente. Nuestra propuesta consiste en realizar este análisis reparando en el insoslayable diálogo que plantea Sade con la tradición de pensamiento contractualista (nos concentraremos en la línea hobbesiana), mostrando cómo se interpretan, se discuten y se representan conceptual y literariamente nociones claves de esta tradición en los dos textos elegidos.
La concepción erótica de la subjetividad en la Fenomenología del espíritu. Alcances y límites
Authors: Abellón Milton
Published: June 2020

El presente trabajo estudia la concepción erótica de la subjetividad en la Fenomenología del espíritu (1807) de Hegel. Las tesis que intentamos mostrar son dos. La primera es que la concepción erótica de la subjetividad tiene un sentido muy restringido: es la referencia negativa y puramente inmediata a la cosa viva, la aniquilación del objeto natural que no alcanza la completa negación del ser-otro porque la dimensión erótica de la subjetividad requiere e implica la autonomía del objeto en cuestión. La segunda tesis es que, en cuanto posicionamiento práctico y negativo de la autoconciencia respecto de su objeto, la concepción erótica de la subjetividad no se limita al Capítulo IV, aunque es en este último, y específicamente en su parte introductoria, donde se establecen los caracteres propios de dicha concepción.
Las teorías narrativas frente a los casos de duplicación: una defensa de la determinación de la identidad personal
Authors: Muñoz Corcuera Alfonso
Published: June 2020

En este artículo argumento a favor de dos tesis. Primero, defiendo que las teorías narrativas de la identidad personal deben comprometerse con la intuición de que la identidad es una relación determinada. Segundo, muestro cómo las teorías narrativas pueden ser exitosas en este empeño dando cabida a la dimensión social de nuestra existencia en tanto personas. Para organizar mi exposición me centro en uno de los casos más conflictivos para las teorías de la identidad personal: los casos de duplicación. Ante estos casos, las únicas opciones disponibles parecen ser bien aceptar que la identidad personal es indeterminada, o bien dar una respuesta arbitraria que permita conservar la determinación de la identidad a costa de vaciar la relación de identidad de toda su importancia práctica. Argumentaré por qué las teorías narrativas pueden escapar de ese dilema mediante una tercera vía.
No-dualidad en las sabidurías orientales
Authors: Ferrer Mora Hang
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo se centra en el concepto de no-dualidad en las sabidurías orientales. En primer lugar, se expondrán y comentarán sus definiciones y su relevancia en el pensamiento y la filosofía oriental. Tras analizar los diferentes significados de no-dualidad propuestos por Loy, se trazará su origen en el taoísmo, budismo, zen, hinduismo y vedanta advaita. Además, se examinarán los principales textos de las sabidurías orientales mencionadas anteriormente para encontrar posibles afirmaciones no-duales.
'Barçagate', una crisis de reputación
Authors: Roca Trenchs Núria
Published: June 2020

El FC Barcelona es uno de los clubes deportivos más reconocidos internacionalmente. Y, ahora, su (buena) reputación, su (gran) prestigio y su (excelente) imagen se han derrumbado por una crisis institucional sin precedentes. Analizamos cómo se ha originado y ha evolucionado el Barçagate, evaluamos sus consecuencias y vemos cómo debería ser el proceso de reconstrucción de la marca.
El juego de las formas. Leónidas Lamborghini, Néstor Perlongher
Authors: Fernández Nancy
Published: June 2020

En este trabajo procuraremos mostrar el funcionamiento del continuo en la textualidad de “El riseñor” de Leónidas Lamborghini, que se vislumbra en un perpetuo juego de repeticiones y desplazamientos léxicos, sintácticos y fonéticos, en cierta tensión entre grafía y prosodia que define el trazo de su poesía. El artículo no implica un enfoque comparatístico en la perspectiva metodológica más estricta. Antes bien, supone un carácter serial, tal como el filósofo francés Gilles Deleuze entendía el concepto de serie: una articulación rizomática de motivos, tópicos, problemas; síntomas que emergen, en este caso, a partir del género lírico o de la poesía como materialidad. Así ingresa el análisis del corpus seleccionado de Néstor Perlongher, quien instaura la paradoja entre mirada religiosa y herejía en su evocación deliberadamente artificial de la figura de Eva Perón. La experiencia de vida se materializa en la escritura; aquí, poesía y ensayo se ocupan de la asociación entre cuerpo místico y cuerpo sin órganos, algo que, desde la concepción estética del Barroco, puede pensarse como extraterritorialidad y esfuerzo por salirse de sus propios límites.
Las figuras del flâneur y del detective masculinos en la obra de Javier Marías y Antonio Muñoz Molina
Authors: Szukała Wiosna
Published: June 2020

En el presente artículo se propone examinar las guras literarias del âneur y de su supuesto sucesor, el detective, en la obra de dos autores españoles contemporáneos, Javier Marías y Antonio Muñoz Molina. El âneur, identidad equívoca por excelencia, aunque originalmente identi cado con el paseante burgués del París decimonónico, ha evolucionado convirtiéndose con el tiempo en una especie de detective urbano. Ambas guras, identi cadas tradicionalmente con la representación de la óptica masculina, han despertado el interés de los estudios de género. Los narradores de las novelas de Javier Marías y Antonio Muñoz Molina son héroes masculinos que se trasladan frecuentemente de un lugar a otro, viven o residen en el extranjero. Les une la a ción por deambular por las calles de alguna ciudad desconocida con la sensación de desajuste con respecto a la vida prosaica del resto de sus habitantes. Otra característica que les asemeja es que, a menudo por una concurrencia de circunstancias peculiares, llegan a colaborar con instituciones secretas, desempeñando la función de detective. El objetivo de este ensayo consiste en analizar cómo estos dos autores actuales se sirven de las guras del âneur y del detective para construir la identidad de sus protagonistas masculinos.
Elementos del psicoanálisis freudiano en algunas obras de Jorge Díaz: Fanfarria para marionetas (2001), Padre nuestro que estás en la cama (2002), Pasión de las marionetas (2003)
Authors: Werman Anna
Published: June 2020

El presente artículo investiga la in uencia de la teoría psicoanalítica de Sigmund Freud en tres obras teatrales de Jorge Díaz: Fanfarria para marionetas (2001), Padre nuestro que estás en la cama (2002) y Pasión de las marionetas (2003). Las tres obras exponen y desarrollan el motivo del complejo de Edipo de una forma diferente. El estudio de las categorías del tiempo y de la acción nos permite llegar a la conclusión de que Padre nuestro que estás en la cama presenta una interiorización subjetiva de este con icto. A pesar de que Pasión de las marionetas carece de referencias terminológicas que apunten directamente al psicoanálisis freudiano, el análisis del discurso así como la aplicación del modelo actancial de Anne Ubersfeld sirven para descubrir la naturaleza edípica de uno de sus protagonistas masculinos. Finalmente, Fanfarria para marionetas saca el concepto del complejo de Edipo de un entorno íntimo y familiar para trasladarlo al nivel político. Asimismo, la temática psicoanalítica favorece la aparición de la estética de lo grotesco que provoca la deformación y la degradación de los personajes, reducidos a la categoría de fantoche.
Debates en torno a orígenes comunes entre wixaritari (huicholes) y guachichiles. Enfoques históricos, lingüísticos y antropológicos en un mosaico cultural del septentrión mesoamericano
Authors: Kindl Olivia
Published: June 2020

A partir de una revisión de fuentes históricas, confrontadas con las teorías antropológicas y lingüísticas que han planteado o refutado vínculos de ascendencia biológica y cultural entre los antiguos guachichiles y los actuales wixaritari (huicholes), se reflexiona sobre estas controversias en lo tocante a la relación histórica o filiación directa entre dichos pueblos. En estas discusiones, se verá que la recuperación de narraciones mitológicas de los wixaritari ha influido en las interpretaciones de la historia. También descubriremos que la cuestión de la relación entre wixaritari y guachichiles está intrínsecamente ligada a la naturaleza histórica de los variados grupos agregados en la franja septentrional de Mesoamérica bajo ese etnónimo náhuatl-español. Según las perspectivas de análisis, ¿quién pudo haber sido esa “gente del desierto” –como suele denominárseles– que vivía en el altiplano potosino antes, durante y después del proceso colonizador? ¿Hay un origen común wixaritari-guachichiles? ¿Es pertinente buscar tal origen común?, y, si es así, ¿por qué razones? ¿Resulta más relevante inferir interacciones sociales entre dos poblaciones distintas? Suponiendo que lo anterior fuese correcto, ¿cómo ambos grupos pudieron haber interactuado al compartir tiempo y espacio, así como conocimientos acerca de plantas y animales?
Imaginerías del afeite en los textos médicos: del Lilio de medicina de Bernado de Gordonio (Sevilla, 1495) a la Verdadera medicina, cirugía y astrología de Juan de Barrios (México, 1607)
Authors: Cortés Guadarrama Marcos
Published: June 2020

Se estudia la imaginería del afeite en las obras de los físicos y cirujanos del orbe hispánico nacidas en ambas orillas del Atlántico, desde el siglo XV hasta el XVII. Los testimonios ibéricos del siglo XV son los siguientes: Lilio de medicina de Bernado de Gordonio, Flos de medicines o receptes del Tresor de Beutat, Menor daño de la medicina de Alonso de Chirino, Compendio de la humana salud de Johannes de Ketham. Los textos novohispanos del siglo XVI e inicios del XVII son los siguientes: Secretos de cirugía de Pedro
Arias de Benavides (aunque publicado en Valladolid, este médico sí estuvo en el Nuevo Mundo); Suma y recopilación de cirugía de Alonso López de Hinojosos, Tratado breve de medicina, de fray Agustín Farfán, y, nalmente, Verdadera medicina, cirugía y astrología de Juan de Barrios. A partir de los casos clínicos seleccionados y desde una propuesta hermenéutica, se destaca que los conceptos de autoridad y juramento son fundamentales para la metatextualidad creada por los autores de aquellas obras. Se propone que estos dos conceptos poseen signi cativos cruces y diferencias en la tratadística médica bajomedieval y en la novohispana. Finalmente, se apunta que desde el discurso normativo y el estilo áspero de los textos médicos se consolidó el canon de la belleza occidental.
El historiador Josep Sanchis Sivera (1867-1937): el arte de viajar
Authors: Roca Rafael
Published: June 2020

El artículo ofrece abundante información biográ ca y bibliográ ca acerca de un erudito e historiador valenciano escasamente estudiado, Josep Sanchis Sivera. Durante las dos primeras décadas del siglo XX, en una época en que viajar estaba al alcance de muy pocas personas, visitó Egipto y numerosos países del continente europeo, siempre con una nalidad cultural, artística e instructiva. Por estas razones, se le considera uno de los primeros exponentes de la democratización de los viajes; este artículo pone énfasis en la visión de viaje ideal concebida por Sanchis Sivera.
Mature oligodendrocytes bordering lesions limit demyelination and favor myelin repair via heparan sulfate production
Authors: Macchi Magali , Magalon Karine , Zimmer Céline , Peeva Elitsa , El Waly Bilal , Brousse Béatrice , Jaekel Sarah , Grobe Kay , Kiefer Friedemann , Williams Anna , Cayre Myriam , Durbec Pascale
Published: June 2020

Myelin destruction is followed by resident glia activation and mobilization of endogenous progenitors (OPC) which participate in myelin repair. Here we show that in response to demyelination, mature oligodendrocytes (OLG) bordering the lesion express Ndst1, a key enzyme for heparan sulfates (HS) synthesis. Ndst1+ OLG form a belt that demarcates lesioned from intact white matter. Mice with selective inactivation of Ndst1 in the OLG lineage display increased lesion size, sustained microglia and OPC reactivity. HS production around the lesion allows Sonic hedgehog (Shh) binding and favors the local enrichment of this morphogen involved in myelin regeneration. In MS patients, Ndst1 is also found overexpressed in oligodendroglia and the number of Ndst1-expressing oligodendroglia is inversely correlated with lesion size and positively correlated with remyelination potential. Our study suggests that mature OLG surrounding demyelinated lesions are not passive witnesses but contribute to protection and regeneration by producing HS.
Squalene emulsion-based vaccine adjuvants stimulate CD8 T cell, but not antibody responses, through a RIPK3-dependent pathway
Authors: Kim Eui Ho , Woodruff Matthew C , Grigoryan Lilit , Maier Barbara , Lee Song Hee , Mandal Pratyusha , Cortese Mario , Natrajan Muktha S , Ravindran Rajesh , Ma Huailiang , Merad Miriam , Gitlin Alexander D , Mocarski Edward S , Jacob Joshy , Pulendran Bali
Published: June 2020

The squalene-based oil-in-water emulsion (SE) vaccine adjuvant MF59 has been administered to more than 100 million people in more than 30 countries, in both seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines. Despite its wide use and efficacy, its mechanisms of action remain unclear. In this study we demonstrate that immunization of mice with MF59 or its mimetic AddaVax (AV) plus soluble antigen results in robust antigen-specific antibody and CD8 T cell responses in lymph nodes and non-lymphoid tissues. Immunization triggered rapid RIPK3-kinase dependent necroptosis in the lymph node which peaked at 6 hr, followed by a sequential wave of apoptosis. Immunization with alum plus antigen did not induce RIPK3-dependent signaling. RIPK3-dependent signaling induced by MF59 or AV was essential for cross-presentation of antigen to CD8 T cells by Batf3-dependent CD8+ DCs. Consistent with this, RIPK3 deficient or Batf3 deficient mice were impaired in their ability to mount adjuvant-enhanced CD8 T cell responses. However, CD8 T cell responses were unaffected in mice deficient in MLKL, a downstream mediator of necroptosis. Surprisingly, antibody responses were unaffected in RIPK3-kinase or Batf3 deficient mice. In contrast, antibody responses were impaired by in vivo administration of the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK, but normal in caspase-1 deficient mice, suggesting a contribution from apoptotic caspases, in the induction of antibody responses. These results demonstrate that squalene emulsion-based vaccine adjuvants induce antigen-specific CD8 T cell and antibody responses, through RIPK3-dependent and-independent pathways, respectively.
A 10-year follow-up study of sex inclusion in the biological sciences
Authors: Woitowich Nicole C , Beery Annaliese , Woodruff Teresa
Published: June 2020

In 2016, to address the historical overrepresentation of male subjects in biomedical research, the US National Institutes of Health implemented a policy requiring investigators to consider sex as a biological variable. In order to assess the impact of this policy, we conducted a bibliometric analysis across nine biological disciplines for papers published in 34 journals in 2019, and compared our results with those of a similar study carried out by Beery and Zucker in 2009. There was a significant increase in the proportion of studies that included both sexes across all nine disciplines, but in eight of the disciplines there was no change in the proportion studies that included data analyzed by sex. The majority of studies failed to provide rationale for single-sex studies or the lack of sex-based analyses, and those that did relied on misconceptions surrounding the hormonal variability of females. Together, these data demonstrate that while sex-inclusive research practices are more commonplace, there are still gaps in analyses and reporting of data by sex in many biological disciplines.
G protein-regulated endocytic trafficking of adenylyl cyclase type 9
Authors: Lazar André M , Irannejad Roshanak , Baldwin Tanya A , Sundaram Aparna B , Gutkind J Silvio , Inoue Asuka , Dessauer Carmen W , Von Zastrow Mark
Published: June 2020

GPCRs are increasingly recognized to initiate signaling via heterotrimeric G proteins as they move through the endocytic network, but little is known about how relevant G protein effectors are localized. Here we report selective trafficking of adenylyl cyclase type 9 (AC9) from the plasma membrane to endosomes while adenylyl cyclase type 1 (AC1) remains in the plasma membrane, and stimulation of AC9 trafficking by ligand-induced activation of Gs-coupled GPCRs. AC9 transits a similar, dynamin-dependent early endocytic pathway as ligand-activated GPCRs. However, unlike GPCR traffic control which requires β-arrestin but not Gs, AC9 traffic control requires Gs but not β-arrestin. We also show that AC9, but not AC1, mediates cAMP production stimulated by endogenous receptor activation in endosomes. These results reveal dynamic and isoform-specific trafficking of adenylyl cyclase in the endocytic network, and a discrete role of a heterotrimeric G protein in regulating the subcellular distribution of a relevant effector.
Shade effects on growth, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of three Paeonia species
Authors: Wan Yingling , Zhang Yixuan , Zhang Min , Hong Aiying , Yang HuiYan , Liu Yan
Published: June 2020

Insufficient light intensity inhibits the growth of cultivated herbaceous peony and decreases its economic value. Owing to the increased demand for shade-tolerant herbaceous peony, the selection of appropriate parents for hybridization is essential. Paeonia anomala, Paeonia intermedia and Paeonia veitchii can grow under shade conditions in their natural habitats; however, their photosynthetic capacities under shade have not been studied. In this study, we simulated low light intensity (30% sunlight) and evaluated the morphological, photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of these three species. Moreover, the shade tolerance of these species as well as two common cultivars (Paeonia lactiflora ‘Da Fugui’, which is suitable for solar greenhouse cultivation, and P. lactiflora ‘Qiao Ling’, which is not suitable for solar greenhouse cultivation) was evaluated. The results showed that under shade, the leaf area of P. anomala and P. intermedia increased, the single flowering period of P. intermedia and P. veitchii was prolonged, and the flower color of P. veitchii faded. With respect to P. anomala, P. intermedia and P. veitchii, shade eliminated the photosynthetic ‘lunch break’ phenomenon and decreased photoinhibition at midday. Furthermore, the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and maximum primary photochemical yield (Fv/Fo) of photosystem II (PSII) in the three species improved significantly, and their changes in light dissipation were different. The shade tolerance of the tested accessions was in the order P. veitchii > P. intermedia > P. anomala > ‘Da Fugui’ > ‘Qiao Ling’, showing that the three wild species were better adapted to low light intensity than the cultivars. Thus, P. anomala, P. intermedia and P. veitchii could potentially be used in the development of shade-tolerant herbaceous peony cultivars.
Diversity, Distribution and Morphological Characterization of Wild Macro Fungi from Gajni Forest
Authors: Sonchita D. R. B. , Aminuzzaman F. M. , Joty A. A. , Tanni J. F. , Islam M. N. , Rahaman M.
Published: June 2020

Survey on macro fungi was made in Gajni forest, Sherpur, Bangladesh which is located in between 24°18' and 25°18' north latitudes and in between 89°53' and 90°91' east longitudes. It is bounded by Meghalaya state of India on the north, Mymensingh and Jamalpur districts on the south with a wide range of ecosystem. The survey was conducted on July to December, 2018 to identify and preserve wood-rot causal macro fungi for future industrial utilization. Morphology of basidiocarp and characteristics of basidiospore were recorded. A total of 20 samples were collected and identified to 12 species belonging 7 families. Dominant species was Ganoderma species. The identified four species were from Ganodermataceae family and these were G. applanatum, G. lucidum, G. tropicum and G. lobetum. Other dominant genus was Russula. Other recorded genera were Hebeloma, Boletus, Phlebopus and Entoloma. Among them the highest frequency (85.72%) was recorded for G. applanatum and lowest frequency (7.14%) was recorded for Phlebopus marginatus. Similarly highest density (20.25%) was recorded for Agaricus sp. followed by G. lucidum (15.85%). The lowest density was (2.14%) was recorded for Phlebopus marginatus. Collected specimens were preserved in Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Herberium of Macro fungi (SHMF) for further study.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Vietnam: A Model of Early and Decisive Containment
Authors: Ha Toan , Schensul Stephen , Ruaño Gualberto , Ngo Anh
Published: June 2020

This paper examined the demographic, temporal and spatial distribution of the coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic in Vietnam. COVID-19 data abstracted from the official website of Vietnam Ministry of Health, which provides details of each new, infected case, including age, sex, place of residence, and travel history. Vietnam has only had 268 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and no reported fatality as of April 19, 2020. Of those who tested positive, 223 (83.2%) have recovered and discharged from hospitals. Younger age and men were significantly associated with a history of international travel. Women were more likely to get infection inside the country. Vietnam’s early and aggressive responses including a locally developed diagnostic test, a rapid rollout of  suspected cases, tracing of contacts and self-isolation of contacts and communities in which there had been a positive case was effective in limiting spread and keeping the incidence of Covid-19 low. The Vietnamese response could serve as a model for other countries.
Identiﬁcation of Spawning Sites and Natural Nurseries of Fishes in Lake Buyo (Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: N’dri Olga Rosemonde , Monney Attoubé Ida , Bamba Mamadou , Konan Yao Aristide , Koné Tidiani
Published: June 2020

Aims: Information on ichthyoplankton is an important tool in determining reproduction periods that if associated to environmental variables. The abundance and distribution of ichthyoplankton and their relationships to some environmental variables of the water in Lake Buyo were analyzed. Preferred microhabitats for spawning, dispersion and nursery were also verified.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted monthly from April 2019 through September 2019 in lake Buyo.

Methodology: Acylindro-conical net (500 µm in mesh opening size, 50 cm in mouth diameter) and stream net (7 mm in mesh opening size) were used.

Results: During the study period, the very lowest densities of eggs (1-2 ind/10 m3) and larvae were recorded in sites (S3 and S8) located relatively far from shoreline and the highest (186-724 ind/10 m3) in sites located near shoreline. The sites closed to littoral were identified as spawning areas by fish species during study period and sites located in deep water are not spawning sites. No significant difference between seasons was observed for each sampling site.

Conclusion: Eggs and larvae distribution in Lake Buyo was strongly influenced by water depth, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, percentage of gravel, percentage of coarse sand and proportion of very fine sand.
Microbiological and Nutritional Quality of Market and Home Smoke Dried Shrimp
Authors: Rosemary Nwosu, Onyinyechi , Omokaro Obire, , Wemedo S. A. , Ogbonna D. N.
Published: June 2020

Bacteriological and nutritional quality of market and home smoke dried shrimp was carried out. Fresh and dried shrimps were bought from market. One set of the fresh shrimp was not rinsed before they were home smoke dried and used for analysis, another set was rinsed with clean water before they were home smoke dried and used for analysis and the market dried sample was used for analysis without any treatment. After the home smoke drying, the microbial load and types of microorganisms were determined using standard microbiological technique. The proximate compositions of the fresh shrimp, home smoke dried and market smoke dried shrimp were also determined. The population of the aerobic bacteria, Vibrio, Pseudomonas, fungi, Salmonella-Shigella, staphylococcal and coliform of the market smoke dried were 4.23±3.30, 1.98±3.15, 0.97±2.58, 2.95±2.96, 1.22±2.67, 3.89±3.22 and 1.88±2.86 CFU/10 g, respectively. The population of the aerobic bacteria, Vibrio, Pseudomonas, fungi, Salmonella-Shigella, staphylococcal and coliform of the home smoke dried not rinsed were 4.18±2.75, 2.69±3.43, 0.4±1.44, 1.96±2.8, 1.47±2.72, 2.33±3.08 and 2.85±3.06 CFU/10 g, respectively. The population of the aerobic bacteria, Vibrio, Pseudomonas, fungi, Salmonella-Shigella, staphylococcal and coliform of the home smoke dried rinsed shrimps were 4.11±2.48, 1.09±2.50, 0.00±0.00, 0.00±0.0, 1.56±2.62, 3.35±3.03 and 1.25±2.17 CFU/10 g, respectively. Eight bacteria genera which include Bacillus, Klebsiella, Proteus spp, Providencia, Pseudomonas, Shigella, Staphylococcus and Vibrio were identified. Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp, Rhizopus oligosporus and Saccharomyces cerevisae were the fungi isolates identified. Although the bacterial types could contain pathogenic strains, proper cooking could inhibit their presence in food. Smoke drying of the seafood could preserve the shellfish longer since the water activity of the seafood is reduced. The Moisture, Ash, fat, crude fibre, crude protein and Carbohydrate content of the fresh shrimps was 69.42±1.33, 2.58±0.23, 1.66±0.00, 3.86±0.18, 17.81±0.78 and 4.18±0.08%, respectively. Also, the Moisture, Ash, fat, crude fibre, crude protein and Carbohydrate content of the Market smoked dried was 15.92±0.23, 10.34±0.72, 0.96±0.05, 11.13±1.22, 51.07±0.00 and 10.59±0.6%, while the Moisture, Ash, fat, crude fibre, crude protein and Carbohydrate content of the Home smoked dried was 9.50±0.00, 8.95±0.07, 0.73±0.11, 9.48±0.60, 67.34±0.00 and 4.02±0.79%, respectively. The home smoked dried shrimps had less moisture content compared to the market dried shrimps. Smoke drying would be recommended for preservation since it does not reduce the nutritional quality of the shrimp and preservation of food has been a great challenge especially in developing countries where there is poor power supply. More so fresh seafood easily perishes especially when they are not well preserved.
The Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Molecular Features in the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Nishonova Yulduz , Juravlov Igor , Kurbanova Sevinch
Published: June 2020

Aims: To study the importance of differential diagnosis of breast cancer using Magnetic resonance mammography.

Study Design:  Cohort Study.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted Republican Specialized Scientific-Practical Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology between 2017 and 2019.

Methodology: The study included a clinical and instrumental examination of 70 women with suspected breast cancer. The age of the patients was 26-75 years (average age - 49.0 ± 2 years). All patients underwent core biopsy. The procedure was performed in a horizontal position of the patient, a needle was brought in and a “shot” was performed, during which a tissue sample was taken from the focus of interest. In 5 (7.1%) cases, the second stage of verification of the diagnosis was carried out through sectoral resection with an urgent histological examination. The resulting material is sent for cytological and histological studies.

Results: The sensitivity of x-ray mammography in detecting breast tumors was 83.4%, specificity 60.0%. The sensitivity of ultrasound in the diagnosis of breast cancer was 86.4%, specificity - 44.8%. In our observations of breast MRI, the sensitivity was 97.5%, specificity 87.2%. Magnetic resonance mammography is considered a more effective method in the early diagnosis of breast cancer.

Conclusion: Breast MRI is highly sensitive, specific and accurate in assessing the prevalence and differential diagnosis between a benign and malignant process.
Save Children from Mortal Shock of COVID-19
Authors: Matsuda Satoru , Ikeda Yuka , Murakami Mutsumi , Tsuji Ai
Published: June 2020

Letter to the Editor
Tumor Cavity Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Resected Brain Metastases
Authors: Bolukbasi Yasemin , Selek Ugur , Sezen Duygu , Durankus Nulifer Kilic , Akdemir Eyub Yasar , Senyurek Sukran , Kucuk Ahmet , Pehlivan Berrin , Topkan Erkan
Published: June 2020

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been utilized broadly for brain metastases not only for intact ones but as well as of late for the postoperative cavity of metastases after surgery, due to the advantages of SRS to preserve neurocognitive functions, maintain local control and prescribe the treatment in a short time frame. Randomized trials have proven the safety and efficacy of cavity SRS compared to observation. As WBRT offers no survival advantage in comparison to SRS and frequent monitorization with brain MRIs for early salvage upon failure, there has been a revolution in clinical approach for patients with limited intact brain metastases to treat with SRS only and omit WBRT. Likewise, the postoperative cavity SRS for brain metastases has gained a growing reputation. In this review, we summarize the proof for evidence-based optimization in the postoperative setting of the surgically removed brain metastases.