bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Was Tomaten und KI verbindet - Innovationen in Journalismus und Medien
Authors: Kretzschmar Sonja
Published: May 2021

„Geniale Ideen umsetzen, motivierte Teams bilden um überzeugende Prototypen zu entwickeln“ – all das bietet das Media Lab Bayern laut Website. Das Medieninnovationszentrum Babelsberg (MIZ) kann man mithilfe von innovativer Augmented Reality erkundet werden, während die neue Webserie „Journalistic Pioneers“ auf vielen „Social Media“-Kanälen seine Nutzer erreicht. Das Journalismus Lab NRW hat im Februar 2021 mithilfe eines digitalen Bootcamps die Teams für die Media Innovation Fellowships ausgewählt. Der Next Media Accelerator in Hamburg wirbt als „leading pan-european start-up program for innovation in media & marketing“ auf europäischer Ebene um junge Talente („We are the premier hub for media innovation“). Der Axel Springer Plug and Play Accelerator in Berlin bietet „a home für digital entrepreneurs“. Die Reihe der Beispiele für Medien Labs ließe sich fortsetzen. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen multiperspektivischen Überblick zu Innovationen im Journalismus. Er stellt Forschungsergebnisse zu Prozessinnovationen in Newsrooms internationaler Medienhäuser vor und zeigt Produktinnovationen auf. Media Labs, die Medieninnovationen fördern, werden als medienpolitische und unternehmerische Einrichtungen vorgestellt. Abschließend wird diskutiert, welches Fazit speziell für die Zukunft journalistischer Innovationen gezogen werden kann.
Uso de realidad aumentada en el diseño de recursos para la animación lectora
Authors: Guadamuz-Villalobos Jairo
Published: May 2021

En el presente artículo se hace una descripción de los resultados obtenidos en el Trabajo Final de Investigación Aplicada Creación de un libro álbum con realidad aumentada de la obra “La guardiana de la naturaleza y sus amigos salvan el río” como apoyo al proyecto Verde que te leo verde de la Fundación Leer / IBBY Costa Rica para obtener el grado de máster en bibliotecología y estudios de la información. Con el fin de motivar a estudiantes de 10, 11 y 12 años de edad a leer la obra y participar en los talleres de Fundación Leer / IBBY Costa Rica, se creó un libro álbum con realidad aumentada de la obra La Guardiana de la Naturaleza y sus amigos salvan el río, escrita por Jessica Sheffield e ilustrada por Shannon McWhriter. Para llevarlo a cabo se diseñaron diferentes recursos para ser agregados al libro mediante tecnología de realidad aumentada entre los que se encuentran un sitio web, vídeos, animaciones, figuras en 3D, imágenes y archivos de audio, así como una fotografía esférica 360. Al finalizar la creación del documento, este se utilizó en un taller sobre salud ambiental organizado por la Fundación Leer / IBBY Costa Rica, como parte de su proyecto Leo que te leo verde. El uso del libro en este taller fue evaluado por la facilitadora de la Fundación y por los estudiantes participantes. Los resultados de todo el proceso permitieron concluir que es posible crear, desde la biblioteca, recursos bibliográficos originales, y que el uso de realidad aumentada trae consigo resultados favorables en cuanto a animación lectora se refiere, así mismo, los estudiantes involucrados en esta investigación manifestaron considerar que el uso de esta tecnología les permitió tener un mayor interés en la lectura.
Effects of artificial weathering on the color, gloss, adhesion, and pendulum hardness of UV system parquet varnish applied to doussie (Afzelia africana) wood
Authors: Gürleyen Levent
Published: May 2021

An important wood species in the furniture and parquet industry today is “doussie” wood. In this study, the effects of artificial weathering on ultraviolet-cured varnish (3 coats and 5 coats) applied to doussie (Afzelia africana) wood were investigated. The samples of the UV system cured varnishes were exposed to aging effects for 252 h and 504 h via an UV-A 340 nm lamp. The coated specimens were exposed to UV-A 340 nm fluorescent lamp in a QUV accelerated weathering tester for 252 h and 504 h. The surface adhesion strength, color (L*, a*, b*, ∆E*, ∆L*, ∆a*, and ∆b*) parameters, pendulum hardness, and glossiness (parallel (//) and perpendicular (⊥) at 20°, 60°, and 85°) of UV varnishes coated samples were quantified before and after weathering. According to the results, while the a* value increased, the adhesion, L*, b*, and glossiness values decreased with aging. As a result, it was concluded that doussie wood can be used in the production of flooring with UV-cured varnish.
Nenusileidusių sėklidžių histologijos ir genų raiškos koreliacija
Authors:   , Vincel Beata
Published: May 2021

Correlation between Histology and Gene Expression in Cryptorchidism
INFLUENCE OF THE CAPACITANCE OF THE CAPACITOR OF THE DISCHARGE CIRCUIT OF SEMI-CONDUCTOR ELECTRIC DISCHARGE INSTALLATIONS ON THEIR OUTPUT CURRENTS OF LIMITED DURATION
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,, Shcherba A.А. , Suprunovska N.І. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,, Lomko M.O. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,
Published: May 2021

Based on the analysis of transient processes of oscillatory and aperiodic discharges of the storage capacitor of the electric discharge installation to the load, it is proved that an increase in its capacity always causes an increase in the value of the discharge current corresponding to a fixed duration of the discharge, less than the duration of reaching the maximum value of the discharge current. For the capacities of the discharge capacitor varied over a wide range, the change in the value of the discharge current in the load during its forced interruption at a certain time was studied. Based on this study, we proposed a method for increasing the rate of rising of impulse currents in the load, which consists in choosing a discharge capacitor with a larger capacity compared with a capacity sufficient to implement the desired technological mode, and forced interrupting the current in the load at a certain point in time, which corresponds to a certain fixed duration discharge (less than the duration of reaching the maximum value of the discharge current when the capacitor capacity is sufficient to implement the required technological mode). The forced limitation of the discharge duration is carried out by a fully controlled semiconductor switch. This method can be used as the basis for the production of spark erosion nano-sized powders of metals and alloys. Ref. 15, fig. 3, table .
ANALYSIS OF THE OPERATING MODES OF THE SUSPENDED CABLE CAR ELECTRIC DRIVE USING THE VECTOR CONTROL SYSTEM
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, pr. Peremohy, 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Pechenik M.V. , Burian S.O. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, pr. Peremohy, 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine,, Zemlianukhina H.Y. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, pr. Peremohy, 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine,, Rudniev D.V. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, pr. Peremohy, 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine
Published: May 2021

Continuous transport systems, including rope conveyors designed to move people and goods, are subject to very strict safety and energy efficiency requirements. As a rule, suspended cableways in operation have an unregulated electric drive with a smooth start system. Among the ways to meet these requirements is the use of modern regulated electric drives. The electromechanical system with a vector-controlled asynchronous electric motor is considered in the work. Based on the obtained model, within the framework of the MATLAB / Simulink application package, an investigation of the dynamic characteristics of the cableway electric drive was carried out. An analysis of the nature of the distribution of dynamic error in terms of speed and energy losses depending on the load and speed of movement of the rope traction element of the transport system is given. The results presented in the article make it possible to choose rational electric drives for continuous transport systems with rope traction elements. References 5, figures 5, table.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF BRUSHLESS MAGNETOELECTRIC MOTORS OF THE RETURN-ROTARY MOTION
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,, Kireyev V.G. , Akinin K.P. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,, Filomenko A.A. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,, Lavrinenko V.A. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,
Published: May 2021

The paper describes the structure and mathematical model of a specialized brushless magnetoelectric motor of return-rotary motion. The analysis of the parameters of the mathematical model is carried out and the methods of their experimental determination are described. Experimental frequency dependences of the rotor oscillations angle amplitude and the stator current effective value have been obtained. Based on the obtained parameters, the frequency characteristics of the motor were calculated and compared with the experimental dependences. Experimental oscillograms and calculated curves of stator voltages and currents are presented. References 7, figures 8.
REDUCTION OF LOCAL HEATING IN TANKS OF POWERFUL TRANSFORMERS BY HEAT-REMOVING LOCAL RADIATORS WITH RIBBED
Authors:   PrJSC ZTR, Dniprovske shose, 3, Zaporizhya, 69600, Ukraine, Ivankov V.F. , Basova А.V. ,   PrJSC ZTR, Dniprovske shose, 3, Zaporizhya, 69600, Ukraine, Khimjk І.V. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,
Published: May 2021

The main approaches, the results of numerical modeling, and examples of the practical application of heat-dissipating radiators made of aluminum, with a flat base, and with ribbing to reduce local heating in ferromagnetic covers and walls of transformer tanks, which arise in cases of concentration of magnetic fluxes from multi-ampere taps or magnetic shunts are presented. The case of thermal coupling of a non-magnetic flange of a yoke beam with a flat base of a radiator (copper plate) is considered, which shows the possibility of reducing local heating of the beam using conductive heat transfer between the shelf and the plate and convection heat transfer from their surfaces to cooling oil. References 4, figures 7.
Матеріально-енергетичний вплив лісової рослинності на довкілля
Authors: Tretyak Platon , Chernevyy Jurij
Published: May 2021

Здійснена спроба теоретичного опрацювання проблеми оцінювання матеріально-енергетичного впливу на приземну атмосферу приросту фітомаси лісів України, порівняно з іншими типами рослинності, стосовно депонування вуглецю, продукуванню кисню, транспірації і збагачення атмосфери вологою, а також споживання енергії з навколишнього середовища.

Теоретична концепція побудована на основі відомих біохімічних і фізичних закономірностей. Це матеріально-енергетичні пропорції фотосинтезу та супроводжуючої його транспірації, а також охолоджуючого повітря ефекту.

Отримані аналітичні матеріали підтверджують істотний вплив процесів фотосинтезу і супутньої йому транспірації на газовий склад та енергетичний потенціал приземного шару повітря.

Ліси України загалом щорічно здатні депонувати 3 т∙га-1 вуглецю, продукувати 8 т∙га-1 кисню та збагачувати повітря вологою в обсязі 3600 т∙га-1. Ці процеси вимагають відповідного споживання енергії, що призводить до охолодження 30-метрового приземного шару повітря у середньому впродовж року на 2,4°С. Такі екологічні функції виконують також лучна рослинність та агрокультури. Однак, цей процес відбувається лише під час відносно короткого періоду фотосинтезу. За показниками інтенсивності фотосинтезу і транспірації, екологічні функції лісів утричі перевищують відповідні властивості лучної рослинності.

У випадку вирощування високопродуктивних лісів, річний приріст стовбурового запасу яких сягав би 10 м3∙га-1, збагачення приземного шару атмосфери киснем було б удвічі більшим, ніж за теперішнього середнього приросту 5 м3∙га-1, а водяною парою – у три-чотири рази більше. Відповідно, у три-чотири рази більшим було б і споживання теплової енергії з навколишнього природного середовища.
Ophiostomatoid fungi vectored by bark beetles and colonizing trees of Pinus sylvestris in Sumy region (Ukraine)
Authors: Davydenko Kateryna , Baturkin Denys
Published: May 2021

K. Davydenko[1], D. Baturkin[2]

Intensive mortality of Pinus sylvestris trees has recently been observed in the Sumy region in eastern Ukraine. There are two pine bark beetle species (Ips acuminatus and Ips sexdentatus), which spread resulted in considerable forest damage in Ukraine. The study of ophiostomatoid fungi vectored by bark beetles is very important to assess total harm of these insects.
Therefore, the aim of our research was i) to identify ophiostomatoid fungi associated with weakened and dying Scots pine trees infested by bark beetles in the Sumy region; ii) to test the pathogenicity of these ophiostomatoid fungi to evaluate their potential threat to Scots pine. The fungi were isolated from bark beetle galleries and identified based on morphological properties and DNA sequences.
In total, eight ophiostomatoid fungi (Graphium sp., Grosmannia sp.1, Ophiostoma bicolor, O. ips, O. canum, O. piceae, O. minus, Ophiostoma sp.1) were isolated from Scots pine trees infested by bark beetles. Scots pine seedlings were inoculated with eight fungi and sterile medium (control) to evaluate their pathogenicity. The inoculated seedlings were examined finally in 6 month after inoculation. Inoculation with O. minus produced significantly largest lesions and only this fungus caused mortality of pine seedlings. In total, all eight fungal species inoculated caused resin exudation and staining the bark around inoculations in Scots pine seedlings and five fungi caused different rate of seedlings decline. The size of stained sapwood was also greater following O. minus inoculations than other fungi or the control. All ophiostomatoid fungi caused significantly longer necrotic lesions and more occlusions in the sapwood than the controls.
Therefore, based on the ability of various ophiostomatoid fungi to weaken and kill pine seedlings and stain sapwood, O. minus was the most dangerous species for Scots pine trees, followed by Graphium sp. and Ophiostoma sp.1. The occurrence of ophiostmatoid fungi in the sapwood of Scots pine is consistent with the concept of their primary role in the colonization of the fresh sapwood of trees in the succession of microorganisms during wood decay.
Сукцесія рослинності зрубів після проведення суцільних рубок дубових насаджень в умовах Західного та Центрального Полісся України
Authors: Ivanyuk Ihor , Fuchylo Yaroslav
Published: May 2021

Результати досліджень щодо відтворення насаджень дуба звичайного після суцільних рубок в умовах свіжих і вологих сугрудів Західного та Центрального Полісся України показали, що впродовж 1-3 років на зрубах формуються динамічні, мозаїчні рослинні угруповання із залишками лісових та значною участю світлолюбних рудеральних і лучних видів. Головним лімітуючим чинником у відновленні фіторізноманіття на цьому етапі є відсутність верхнього ярусу насаджень.
Після змикання крон (орієнтовно у 10-річному віці) флористичний склад і ценотична будова лісових фітоценозів майже відновлюється, а елементи синузіальної будови з’являються у 20-річних ценозах. У подальшому відбувається повне відновлення як флористичного складу, зокрема видів, віднесених до Червоної книги України, так і ценотичної будови фітоценозу.
Подібність флористичного складу трав’яно-чагарничкового ярусу 120-річних дубових насаджень і 1-10-річних рослинних угруповань є низькою (індекс Сьоренсена-Чекановського в межах 0,27-0,44). Натомість  встановлено високу видову подібність флористичного складу трав’яно-чагарничкового ярусу 40-річних культур дуба з усіма віковими категоріями. Величина індексу видової подібності змінюється у межах 0,72 – у віці 10 років, 0,79 – у 20, 0,73 – у 60, 0,85 – у 80, 0,79 – у 100 років. У субклімаксових 120-річних фітоценозах трав’яно-чагарничковий ярус складається переважно з лісових видів (на 88,0%); як домішки траплялися лучні (8,0% видового складу) та болотні (4,0%) види. Після суцільної рубки і створення лісових культур у 1-річних рослинних угрупованнях частка лісових видів становила 32,9%, світлолюбних лучних та рудеральних – по 25,7%, узлісних – 8,9%.
У трав’яно-чагарничковому ярусі угруповань усіх вікових категорій переважають трав’яні багаторічники, їх участь є максимальною у материнських 120-річних фітоценозах (96,0%).
Оцінка точності визначення надземної фітомаси дистанційними методами
Authors: Lakyda Petro , Lovynska Viktoriia , Buchavy Yuriy
Published: May 2021

Надано результати оцінювання надземної фітомаси соснових деревостанів, отриманої за допомогою дистанційного зондування Землі (ДЗЗ). На основі мультиспектральних зображень супутника Sentinal-2 здійснено обробку спектральних характеристик із розрахунком вегетаційних індексів та біофізичних параметрів соснових деревостанів регіону Байрачного Степу України. Підґрунтям для побудови регресійних моделей залежності надземної фітомаси від отриманих спектральних характеристик використано результати польових досліджень.
Найвищі кореляційні коефіцієнти фіксуються між показниками загальної і стовбурової фітомаси з вегетаційними індексами NDVI, TVI та біофізичними параметрами FARAP і FCOVER.
Для побудови моделей залежності надземної фітомаси соснових деревостанів використовували як одно-, так і двофакторні моделі, з яких найоптимальнішими виявились ті, що містили як предиктори NDVI окремо та за поєднання з FCOVER. Фактичні показники фітомаси сосняків на ТПП знаходились у межах від 27,6 до 287,6 тˑга-1. Прогнозовані значення загальної надземної фітомаси для моделі із залученням NDVI становили від 32,5 до 236,3 тˑга-1.
Здійснено картографування надземної фітомаси соснових деревостанів Байрачного Степу за допомогою мультиспектральних знімків Sentinel-2, а саме, отриманих спектральних характеристик їх похідних (вегетаційних індексів, біофізичних параметрів). Дослідження продемонструвало обнадійливі результати для впровадження лісового картування надземної фітомаси соснових насаджень у регіоні за допомогою ресурсів вільного доступу.
El estudio del trabajo infantil y los desafíos en su abordaje
Authors: Rausky María Eugenia
Published: May 2021

Desde hace al menos tres décadas, la sociología viene consolidando en su interior un área de conocimiento cuyo objeto de estudio específico es la niñez. Este artículo se inscribe en dicho campo y tiene como objetivo hacer una reconstrucción de algunas de las discusiones vigentes en el estudio de un fenómeno principalmente explorado por los estudiosos de lo infantil: las actividades laborales llevadas adelante por niños, niñas y adolescentes. En particular, se exploran los desarrollos realizados al respecto principalmente en tres disciplinas: la historia, la antropología y la sociología de la infancia, explorando los avances y déficits tanto en producciones de países de Latinoamérica como del resto del mundo. Se asume que dicha indagación permitirá sistematizar y actualizar los desarrollos del campo, buscando clarificar los desafíos que el análisis del trabajo infantil supone para los estudiosos.
Para lograr dicho objetivo, se realiza una revisión de los diferentes aspectos que este campo de investigación viene problematizando, es decir, se hace una reconstrucción de qué tipo de estudios se han desarrollado en los últimos años, para identificar con base en dichas lecturas en qué se ha avanzado y cuáles son los aspectos a desarrollar.
Este trabajo se sustenta en un conjunto de documentos seleccionados (artículos, capítulos de libros y comunicaciones en congresos), que constituyen aportes relevantes para complejizar el análisis del fenómeno en cuestión. A partir del análisis se concluye que se vuelve necesaria la incorporación de una serie de asunciones teóricas, metodológicas y de ciertos recortes empíricos que fortalecerían tales estudios.
Rostow y Parsons: progreso, individualización y crisis
Authors: Uribe Mauricio , Jaramillo Jefferson
Published: May 2021

Este artículo tiene por objetivo mostrar cómo el momento de más protagonismo de la teoría de la modernización, paradójicamente representa la oportunidad de sospecha de los mecanismos subjetivos y objetivos de esta teoría, relacionados con las nociones de progreso e individualización en dos de los autores clásicos tanto de la teoría de cambio, como del equilibrio social: Walt Whitman Rostow en la economía y Talcott Parsons en la sociología. A partir de la revisión e interpretación de algunos textos y categorías centrales de estos dos clásicos, complementada con la discusión de otros textos y conceptos de autores de la sociología europea y del pensamiento social latinoamericano, el artículo busca enunciar cómo se configura la condición de lo moderno en Europa, cómo se debate la teoría de la modernización en Estados Unidos y América Latina y cómo contribuye la arquitectura analítica tanto del esquema evolutivo de Rostow, como del sistema de equilibrio social parsoniano a dicha teoría. La hipótesis desarrollada es que, a pesar del optimismo intrínseco de las visiones teleológicas de estos dos autores en torno a los mecanismos subjetivos y objetivos, ellos esbozan una serie de sospechas que avizoran, de manera un tanto profética, la crisis misma de esta teoría. En el caso de los mecanismos subjetivos, el aspecto crítico estaría asociado al aburrimiento y al aislamiento de los sujetos, dos de los efectos negativos del proceso de individualización. Por su parte, el punto de inflexión de los mecanismos estructurales se relaciona con el aumento de la desigualdad y el fin de la sociedad salarial producto de la crisis del Estado de bienestar. Una de las conclusiones del artículo es que en el interior de los mecanismos subjetivos y objetivos que sostienen la teoría de la modernización, subyace una vieja tensión y paradoja entre el optimismo y el fracaso, la esperanza y el declive.
Representaciones sociales de la interacción laboral con el desmovilizado entre trabajadores de Bogotá D.C.
Authors: Fajardo Jesús , Santana Ana , Londoño Diego
Published: May 2021

La interacción laboral entre desmovilizados y comunidad receptora es un componente central en procesos de reintegración. Este estudio de las representaciones sociales propone un abordaje transdisciplinar que analiza un modelo conceptual de la interacción en el que los dominios no cognitivos hacen posible evaluar un aspecto decisivo para la reintegración: la capacidad de las personas para navegar intersubjetivamente. Se propone la idea de que el núcleo de las representaciones está relacionado con el predominio de diversos marcos de racionalidad. El objetivo central de esta investigación es analizar las representaciones sociales de la interacción laboral de los ciudadanos de algunos sectores productivos de la ciudad de Bogotá con las personas desmovilizadas, teniendo en cuenta los diversos aspectos del modelo conceptual propuesto.
Desde el punto de vista metodológico esta es una investigación con un enfoque estructural, realizada con un diseño cuantitativo exploratorio de orden transversal. Se aplicó una escala Likert de veintiún ítems a una muestra de 83 individuos de 24 a 55 años que laboran en seis sectores productivos de Bogotá d.c. A fin de caracterizar la estructura de la representación se adelantaron cuatro análisis: a) Confiabilidad de la escala, b) Análisis factorial exploratorio, c) Análisis de varianza (Anova) y, d) Análisis de pauta (Path analysis).
Los resultados muestran una estructura factorial consistente con el análisis conceptual. Se obtienen dos factores que describen los patrones de racionalidad instrumental e interpretativa, respectivamente. Dado que los factores correlacionan negativamente permiten clasificar a los individuos en cuatro perfiles (objetivador, orientado a recursos, orientado a personas, interpretador) acordes con su tendencia a navegar intersubjetivamente basándose en atribuciones de creencia o en evaluaciones instrumentales de las situaciones. No se encontraron diferencias significativas de la profesión o del sector productivo en las respuestas de los individuos. Con relación al núcleo central de las representaciones sociales, el path analysis arrojó una configuración final con adecuados índices de bondad de ajuste, consistente con el modelo propuesto.
En este artículo se discuten los hallazgos en relación con la apreciación afectiva de la interacción con el desmovilizado y se proponen líneas futuras de investigación de las representaciones sociales en escenarios laborales.
La biblioteca pública en el imaginario social del usuario: el caso de la Biblioteca Pública Municipal de Duitama, Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Vargas-Hernández Diana , Sáenz Doris , Rojas Lizeth
Published: May 2021

La historia ha demostrado el cambio de significados, sentidos y usos en torno a las bibliotecas públicas, así como la expansión de servicios bibliotecarios a diversos municipios de Colombia; sin embargo, aún se necesitan procesos que reactiven la biblioteca en la esfera social a partir de estudios que vislumbren una relación simbiótica entre la biblioteca y el usuario.
Esta investigación de enfoque hermenéutico, y alcance descriptivo, recabó por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales el imaginario social construido por el usuario a partir de su relación con la Biblioteca Pública Zenón Solano Ricaurte de Duitama, un espacio educativo que, a partir de su reconocimiento como entidad pública en 1997, se propuso servir como herramienta lúdica en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Sin embargo, y más allá de los evidentes problemas que presenta, la biblioteca pública ha pasado por una serie de transformaciones como puerta de acceso libre al conocimiento, como repositorio de ideas pasadas para las generaciones presentes y futuras, y como promotora de nuevas alternativas culturales para el entretenimiento y la permanencia de sus usuarios, promoviendo de esta manera una especie de resistencia para impulsar su uso y apartarla de caer en el olvido.
Dicho imaginario social aporta al entendimiento de este espacio desde la dimensión individual y colectiva de las prácticas de uso que la circundan: la primera, al propender por la consolidación del yo en términos de resignificación de la identidad a partir del vínculo afectivo con la biblioteca como un espacio transitado, visitado, habitado; y la segunda, como parte del mejoramiento de las relaciones interpersonales y dinámicas colaborativas entre usuarios del lugar. De esta forma, las reflexiones propuestas se han dado a partir de los procesos perceptivos que la configuran, no desde su historicidad sino desde su validez simbólica como territorio potenciador de prácticas culturales; así, se concibe al ciudadano como ser social que cohabita con el entorno en búsqueda de alcanzar sus objetivos de desarrollo personal.
Application of the microwave field in jelly products technology
Authors: Foshchan Andriy , Yevlash Viktoriya , Aksonova Olena , Murlykina Natalia , Piliugina Inna
Published: May 2021

The object of research is the agar-based chocolate-jelly cake technology. Due to the annual decrease in the production of natural jelly-forming agents and their high price, the possibilities of improving the qualitative change in their functional properties are being studied. In this connection, various methods of modification by gelling agents, both chemical and physical, are proposed.
It is proposed to use the field of ultra-high frequencies (UHF) during the preparation of agar-sugar-treacle syrup in the "Chocolate-jelly" cake technology, as a result of which the consumption of gelling agents is reduced to 40 %. Microwave processing of the swollen gelling substance allows to reduce its consumption without introducing other components into the product formulation and without significant changes in the production process. It is shown that microwave treatment of a 1 % agar solution leads to an increase in the strength of the formed jellies by 40 %. It was found that microwave treatment leads to an increase in the melting temperature of the jelly in comparison with the untreated sample. It was revealed that hysteresis is observed at solidification and melting temperatures, the value of which ranges from 10 to 30 °C. Microwave treatment of a polysaccharide solution in a microwave field reduces the critical concentration of the transition of the molecular structure of the gel to the supramolecular one. Comparison of the enthalpies of melting of agar jelly after microwave treatment and jelly without finishing indicates that a larger number of hydrogen bonds are involved in the formation of a single node of the structure network.
The improved technology of the "Chocolate-jelly" cake based on agar differs from the traditional one in that the dissolution by gelling agents is carried out under the action of a microwave field, which makes it possible to reduce the prescription amount of agar. The proposed method of processing a 1 % agar solution with an ultrahigh frequency field leads to the strengthening of the jelly structure, and due to this, the costs of gelling agents in the production of jelly products are reduced and leads to a decrease in its cost.
The implementation of the plan will expand the range of jelly products and create competitive products in the confectionery market.
Characterization of shale formation of abandoned petroleum wells and treatment using acid simulation technique
Authors: Abdou Saleh Mahmoud , Ali Nabila Amin , Balboul Mohamed Rajaa
Published: May 2021

The object of research is shale, which is a combination of carbonate (calcite or dolomite), and non clay minerals such as silica (quartz) and clay minerals such as kaolinite. Characterization of various minerals in shale formed in six abandoned petroleum wells was done using Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transformation Infra-Red (FTIR). Shale may contain a wide variety of minerals. The shale formation within the abandoned wells in the current study is at a deep of about (2600±300) meters. Three shale formation samples were collected from each of the abandoned wells. Characterizing the constituents of the clay minerals of the shale is important in the drilling and the treatment process.
The analyses declared that, some shale formation samples are similar. The study was continued on three abandoned petroleum wells (I, II and III). The XRD and FTIR obtained results of shale analysis show the existence of calcite (CaCO3) and quartz (SiO2) in the shale samples. Dolomite CaMg(CO3)2 is present in well (II) and well (III), and muscovite H2KAl3Si3O12 is present in well (I). Also, Kaolinite Al2Si2O5(OH)4, and barite (BaSO4) components are detected in the FTIR results. Mg, K, Al and Ba trace elements are detected by EDX analyses and may contribute chemically.
Shale technology and research development is concern with three steps: Characterization, simulation, and permeability stimulation. The present study focusing on the characterization and simulation of the shale formed in six abandoned (non-producing) petroleum wells for enhancing the productivity of carbonate reservoirs.
Complex effect of sulfur and phosphorus on the characteristics of wheel steel of KP-T brand before and after modification
Authors: Polishko Serhii
Published: May 2021

The object of the research is KP-2 wheel steel modified by the Al-Mg-Si-Fe-C-Ca-Ti-Ce system. One of the most problematic places in the smelting of modern steel is the stability of the chemical composition due to the use of uncontrolled content of scrap, charge and standard modifiers, which are made by the fused method.
To eliminate this problem, multifunctional modifiers were used during the study. This is due to the fact that the KP-2 steel modification method proposed in this article, has a number of features. In this case, the influence modifiers of multifunctional action on the installation of vacuum processing of steel on desulfurization of wheel steel KP-2, obtained under the conditions of the open joint-stock company Interpipe NTRP (Dnipro, Ukraine), was established. In particular, when treating a steel melt with multifunctional modifiers, not only a refining effect occurs, but also an increase in the stability of the chemical composition and level of mechanical characteristics of the KP-2 wheel steel. This is confirmed by the coefficients of variation and interfusion difference presented in the article (span), obtained by statistical processing of a large data set – 442 serial smeltings and 1 modified (6 wheels).
Thanks to the multifunctional modification, the level of mechanical characteristics and the quality of the finished wheels really increases. Compared with similar mass-produced materials, such as FeSi, FeCa, FeMn, SiCa, the use of new multifunctional modifiers in KP-2 wheel steel provides a significant reduction in the mass fraction of sulfur than in the same metal that is processed in the traditional way. It has been established that the use of multifunctional modifiers changes the shape of non-metallic inclusions to globular and reduces their number, which also increases the level of mechanical properties of KP-2 wheel steel. The obtained coefficients of variation prove that the mechanical characteristics of KP-2 modified steel are more stable than in serial melts of the same steel. This will increase the demand and quality of these railway wheels.
Influence of forming pressure on frost resistance of ceramics
Authors: Subota Іrіna , Spasonova Larysa , Sholom Аnastasia
Published: May 2021

The object of research is low-melting clays of the Kyiv region (Ukraine). The work is devoted to the study of obtaining ceramic materials resistant to low temperatures. Frost resistance is one of the most important characteristics for regions in which ceramic materials are used with frequent temperature transitions through 0 °C. The production of frost-resistant ceramic wall materials is determined by the type of raw materials and technological production parameters. The main technological methods for increasing frost resistance are: the use of less dispersed clays; batch homogenization; formation of raw material without textural defects and prevention of cracks during drying and firing.
The work shows that the existing methods for increasing frost resistance can be implemented by reducing water absorption due to the creation of a microporous structure with predominantly closed pores by increased pressure of a semi-dry method of formation. An increase in the pressing pressure leads to an increase in the number of contacts of the molecules of the ceramic mass at the stage of formation. Due to this, the strength of the molded samples at a pressing pressure of more than 30 MPa is higher compared to samples molded by the plastic method. It was also found that an increase in the pressing pressure makes it possible to speed up the drying process of ceramic products, reducing energy consumption for their production. Due to an increase in the pressing pressure to 50 MPa, the strength of samples obtained by semi-dry pressing is 55.4 MPa, while for samples during plastic formation it is 22.9 MPa. Water absorption, on the contrary, for dry pressing is 9.3 %, while for plastic pressing it is 12.2 % at a firing temperature of 1000 °C.
It is shown that increasing the pressing pressure is an effective way to improve the quality of ceramic materials based on local low-plasticity clay raw materials. Saving natural and energy resources, developing new sources of raw materials and comprehensive improvement of products with environmental friendliness of production remain important today.
Influence of constructive and geometric parameters of the end cutters on the microprofile characteristics of casting surfaces
Authors: Kusyi Yaroslav , Kuk Andrij , Topilnytskyy Volodymyr , Rebot Dariya , Bojko Mykhailo
Published: May 2021

The object of research is the technological route of machining of an aluminum alloy casting. The research carried out is based on the basic principles of functionally oriented design of technological processes in the manufacture of products. The main hypothesis of the study is the need for a systematic approach to study the effect of cutting modes of a certain method of machining on the provision of quality parameters in the technological system (machine – device – tool – workpiece). In traditional automated systems for technological preparation of production, an object-oriented principle of designing technological processes is implemented, which provides for the step-by-step implementation of interrelated stages based on a prototyping algorithm without a functional analysis of the operational characteristics of the product. The processing of functional, mating surfaces, ensuring that the product performs its service purpose, must be implemented according to the principle of function-oriented design (FODT). A characteristic feature of FOT is the technological provision of effective operational characteristics of the product in compliance with the parameters of accuracy and quality of the surface layer of the product intended by the designer. The paper deals with the influence of the structural and geometric parameters of end mills manufactured by Sandvick (Sandviken, Sweden) on the formation of microrelief parameters of an aluminum alloy casting profile during machining on a numerically controlled vertical milling center (CNC) HAAS MINIMILL (USA). An atypical option for the FOT principle of the technological route of machining the surfaces of workpieces of machine-building products has been applied. Its feature is ignoring the requirements of the manufacturer of metal-cutting tools, which is an important element of the technological system (machine – tool – device – workpiece), regarding its use for a particular machine tool at a certain technological transition of machining. The performance criteria were the height and step characteristics of the microrelief of the profile of the surface layer of the workpiece being processed. The operating conditions of machine-building products have been determined, which make it possible to establish, in case of deviation from the manufacturer's recommendations at the stage of technological preparation of production, the rational elements of a certain technological system: a metal-cutting machine – a device – a metal-cutting tool – a workpiece and processing modes to ensure the necessary operational characteristics.
Development of nutrition methodology for athletes in a pandemic condition
Authors: Biletska Yana , Papakina Valeriia , Danko Natalia , Grigorova-Berenda Larisa
Published: May 2021

The object of research is the diet, physical activity, individual and anthropogenic data of athletes-athletes. A systematic study of scientific literature and a systemic analysis of actual nutrition and sports load were carried out. On its basis, the problems of nutrition of athletes in a pandemic are analyzed and the ways of their solution are determined. During the research, the methods of theoretical analysis of literature, synthesis, formalization, abstraction and experimental studies of the actual nutrition and sports load of athletes-athletes were used.
As a result of the research carried out, a methodology of diets for athletes in a pandemic was developed, with its subsequent computerization on the basis of the 1C «Enterprise» platform. This methodology is based on the creation of a database about a specific athlete. This allows in the future to calculate the individual requirements for energy and all nutrients, taking into account the medico-biological requirements for macro- and micronutrients, as well as biologically active substances in consumed food. The program selects the necessary traditional dishes and products, as well as specialized products necessary to fill all the needs of the body of a particular athlete.
All the necessary components for a full-fledged diet of an athlete have been analyzed and described. The necessity of eating behavior and the combination of a correct diet with an individual amount of loads have been determined. The methodology of the diet development process is presented. In comparison with analogues, the developed program takes into account the type and time of physical activity, controls the amount of water consumed, calculating an individual food ration, taking into account food preferences and allergic reactions.
The introduction of the developed methodology and the use of its computerized program is a rational approach to the diet of athletes in a pandemic, as evidenced by the accumulated experience and achievements of modern nutritional science. Combining a properly balanced diet with a training program will allow an athlete to improve their athletic performance in a pandemic.
The impact assessment of plant oils on unctuousity of drilling fluids
Authors: Dmytrenko Viktoriia , Diachenko Yuliia
Published: May 2021

The object of study is natural oils.
Lubricating additives based on natural substances – vegetable oils and animal fats – meet the increased requirements for environmental safety of materials used in the drilling process. Consumption of environmentally friendly lubricants is constantly growing and requires an expansion of the raw material base for their production. Therefore today lubricants are important drilling reagents. From the ecological point of view, lubricating additives based on vegetable oils are of the greatest interest.
The main physicochemical properties of sunflower and castor vegetable oils and the influence of these lubricating additives on lubricating and rheological characteristics of drilling fluids were investigated. In addition, the main properties of water-clay drilling fluids were investigated and their main parameters were determined according to standard API methods.
During the testing of the samples, we took into account, first of all, a shear rate of the filter cake (CFC). It is the value that characterizes the strength of filter cake and is determined by the ratio of strength necessary for the tangential displacement of cyclic load across the cake to its weight. It is the CFC that characterizes the lubricating properties of the samples of solutions with a lubricant additive of a certain concentration that were studied. It is the CFC that characterizes the lubricating properties of the samples of solutions with a lubricant additive of a certain concentration that were studied.
Based on the above studies, it can be concluded that the addition of castor oil effectively reduces the coefficient of friction of the filtration crust formed from the studied drilling fluids (fresh, mineralized, and saline). The recommended concentrations of this oil to the drilling fluid are 0.5 %, 1 %, and 5 %. Sunflower oil has an effective effect on the saline solution, less effectively – on the mineralized with an oil concentration of 0.5 %, 3 %, and 5 %.
On the basis of the conducted researches the prospects of use of sunflower and castor oils at development of a new compounding of a greasing additive to a drilling mud are defined. Further research is aimed at assessing their lubricity in the drilling fluid at the friction limit «metal-metal». It is planned to repeat the study at the Sticking Tester OFI (USA).
Justification of regional development of industrial enterprises in the plane of their financial support: experience of Ukraine
Authors: Dedilova Tetiana , Levchenko Iaroslava , Nosyriev Oleksandr , Osypova Svitlana
Published: May 2021

The object of research is the regional industry of Ukraine. In the sectoral context, the general structure of the regional industry is significantly deformed, and the strategic and sectoral guidelines of economic policy are blurred, which makes it difficult to restore the economic growth of the country as a whole. The industrial potential is concentrated mainly in traditional industrial regions. The development of industry is hampered by the worn-out state of the technical and technological base of production, a high level of staff turnover, an insignificant percentage of the production of high-tech products, a lack of institutions for innovative development, and similar factors. The complexity of the procedures for financing the processes of industrial development is mediated by the innovative activity of its subjects. The processing industry is the central center of innovation in the industry. Among the sources of financing for innovations, enterprises’ own funds prevail.
It  is substantiated that the main directions of regional development of industrial enterprises in terms of financial support for their functioning are support and encouragement of innovation, measures to increase the competitiveness of industrial products, internationalization and support for exports. It is proved that the regions of the country unevenly use the mechanisms of investment support for industry, depending on the characteristics of the development of the regional economy. This necessitates the creation of investment mechanisms aimed at ensuring the management of the competitiveness of regional industrial complexes on the basis of the development and implementation of innovations. A multichannel investment mechanism has been proposed to ensure a full-fledged infusion of financial resources from several sources as an effective tool for financial influence on the development of industrial enterprises. It is noted that among the directions of development of industrial management should remain both traditional measures to support domestic producers (state regional purchases) and alternative (financial leasing, initial placement of securities, joint investment). For a separate direction of industrial development, it is recommended that state support of cluster interregional initiatives based on the use of leading European experience. The highlighted areas are relevant for potential foreign partners who intend to carry out joint business with Ukrainian industrial enterprises. Also, the indicated research results are significant in the process of attracting investments at the regional level and have practical value for foreign investors when they consider a portfolio of alternatives to foreign direct investment in Ukrainian industrial facilities.