bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Charakterystyka metod nauki czytania dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym
Authors: Duthel Beata
Published: February 2023

Pandemia to czas związany z wieloma restrykcjami, w tym z ograniczeniami w obszarze przemieszczania się poza własny dom. Pojawił się więc problem zagospodarowania czasu, w sposób konstruktywny i pożyteczny. Jednym ze sposobów takiego spędzenia czasu jest czytanie czyli umiejętność, którą posiadamy ale która zaczyna być coraz rzadziej używana. Aby dana osoba nie tylko umiała czytać, ale również czytanie byłoby dla niej czymś pozytywnym, konieczne jest zastosowanie odpowiedniej metody nauki czytania już we wczesnym okresie życia. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest charakterystyka metod nauki czytania wśród dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym oraz określenie roli rodziców w procesie nauki umiejętności czytania. Opracowanie zawiera wskazanie na znaczenie nauki czytania wśród dzieci przedszkolnych oraz prezentuje wybrane metody nauki czytania – zarówno te tradycyjne jak i bardziej nowoczesne. Równocześnie, opracowanie prezentuje wyniki badań dotyczących roli rodziców w procesie nauki czytania.
Oddziaływania wychowawcze w placówce szkolno-wychowawczej na przykładzie MOS „Jędruś” w Józefowie
Authors: Miazek Małgorzata
Published: February 2023

25 lat temu wdrożono program samorządności uczniowskiej w ośrodku szkolno-wychowawczym w oparciu o zapożyczoną z nauk medycznych metodę społeczności grupowej. Metoda ta okazała się bardzo trafnym rozwiązaniem w sytuacji trudności w zinternalizowaniu wartości i norm społecznych przez dzieci i młodzież. Wdrożenie programu następowało etapami ponieważ dla kadry pedagogicznej była to dość radykalna zmiana. Część wdrożonych programem struktur nie przetrwała do dzisiaj lub przetrwała w szczątkowej postaci a część funkcjonuje nadal. Przeprowadzane po dwóch latach od wdrożenia do realizacji badania programu potwierdziły zasadność jego wdrożenia. Mimo upływu wielu lat program nadal daje pozytywne efekty, mimo iż sytuacja się zmieniła i doświadczyliśmy wielu zmian, między innymi zmian wywołanych kryzysem pandemicznym oraz sytuacją czasu post pandemicznego.
Obowiązki nauczyciela współorganizującego kształcenie ucznia ze specjalnymi potrzebami w dobie pandemii
Authors: Wieczorek-Płochocka Wioleta
Published: February 2023

Nauczyciel współorganizujący kształcenie pełni bardzo istotną rolę w procesie nauczania, głównie ze względu na coraz większą liczbę uczniów ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi, oczekujących różnorakiego wsparcia. Jest ono konieczne na każdym szczeblu nauczania i bez niego trudno sobie wyobrazić właściwe funkcjonowanie oraz prawidłowy rozwój dzieci dotkniętych różnego typu dysfunkcjami. Celu tego nie udałoby się osiągnąć bez odpowiednio przygotowanych nauczycieli współorganizujących kształcenie. Ich rola jest tym większa, że obecnie pojęcie „uczeń ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi” jest postrzegane znacznie szerzej i nie jest stosowane tylko do uczniów z niepełnosprawnością. Stosownie do tego dotyczy ono również uczniów zmagających się z różnego typu problemami wynikającymi z ich indywidualnych predyspozycji, sytuacji społecznej, rodzinnej, itd. Mając na uwadze powyższe informacje widać wyraźnie, że funkcjonowanie takiego dziecka w szkole jest zdeterminowane w bardzo dużym stopniu przygotowaniem i postępowaniem nauczyciela współorganizującego kształcenie. Czas pandemii, był okresem w którym system edukacji musiał zmierzyć się z zupełnie nowymi wyzwaniami, z którymi nigdy wcześniej nie miał do czynienia. W zasadzie każde dziecko odczuło w mniejszym lub większym stopniu negatywne konsekwencje przejścia na zdalne nauczanie, które pozbawiło dzieci możliwości naturalnego kontaktu z grupą rówieśniczą, nauczycielami i wychowawcami. Wydaje się, że grupa dzieci ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi, szczególnie mocno odczuła niedogodności związane z pandemią Covid-19, co jest oczywistą konsekwencją ich trudniejszej sytuacji (w porównaniu do zwykłych uczniów). Nauczyciele współorganizujący kształcenie musieli dostosować swoje działania do zmienionych okoliczności, tak aby jak najlepiej wypełniać swoje obowiązki. Analizie tego zagadnienia poświęcony jest niniejszy artykuł. Aby cel ten zrealizować został on podzielony na dwie główne części. W pierwszej przedstawione zostały główne informacje odnoszące się do roli nauczyciela współorganizującego nauczanie w polskim systemie edukacji. Opierając się na tej wiedzy można było przejść do omówienia zagadnienia zasadniczego, czyli analizy obowiązków nauczyciela współorganizującego kształcenie w okresie pandemii. Jak widać omawiana tematyka jest dość złożona, ponieważ składa się z wielu elementów wzajemnie na siebie oddziałujących. Analiza taka jest jednak niezbędna ze względu na wagę problemu oraz fakt, że pandemia może ponownie powrócić, a nauczyciele powinni być odpowiednio przygotowani, aby jak najbardziej efektywnie realizować postawione przed nimi zadania.
Rola nauczyciela edukacji wczesnoszkolnej w pokonywaniu trudności w czasie zdalnej edukacji. Przykłady z praktyki pedagogicznej
Authors: Nazaruk Stanisława , Waszczuk Joanna , Ostaszewska Aleksandra , Szydłowska Magdalena , Rafalska Edyta , Kalinowska Beata
Published: February 2023

W związku z istniejącą pandemią COVID-19 nasuwa się wiele pytań dotyczących jej przebiegu, stanu zdrowia i funkcjonowania społeczeństw. Jednym z obszarów w których funkcjonuje człowiek, szczególnie dzieci i młodzież jest szkoła i procesy z nią związane zwane kształceniem. Dlatego rodzą się pytania o jakość kształcenia, o zachowanie uczniów i organizowanie nauczania oraz wychowania przez nauczycieli. Tego typu sytuacje zmotywowały do przeprowadzenia badań pedagogicznych, których głównym celem było zdiagnozowanie trudności, które pokonywali nauczyciele podczas zdalnej edukacji. Badaniem objęto chętnych nauczycieli edukacji wczesnoszkolnej (N=80) ze szkół podstawowych z terenu dwóch miast: Białej Podlaskiej i Międzyrzeca Podlaskiego w powiecie bialskim. Wyniki badań pozwoliły poznać opinię badanej grupy nauczycieli na wymieniony główny cel badań. Okazało się, że nauczyciele nie są bierni wobec zaistniałych trudności, widzą i szybko diagnozują pojawiające się problemy oraz chętnie poszukują nowych rozwiązań. Wskazali kilka istotnych rekomendacji, z których w przyszłości mogą skorzystać inne osoby, co jest ważne, biorąc po uwagę fakt, że żyjemy w czasach nieprzewidywalnych.
Experimental characterisation of a planar phase-engineered metamaterial lenslet for millimetre astronomy
Authors: Gascard Thomas , Pisano Giampaolo , Doyle Simon , Thompson Jonathan , shitvov Alexey , Austermann Jason , Beall James , Hubmayr Johannes , Raymond Benjamin , Halverson Nils , Jaehnig Gregory , McKenney Christopher , Suzuki Aritoki
Published: February 2023

To unveil presently inscrutable details of the origins of our Universe imprinted in the Cosmic Microwave Background, future experiments in the millimetre and sub-millimetre range are focusing on the detection of fine features which necessitate large and sensitive detector arrays to enable multichroic mapping of the sky. Currently, various approaches for coupling light to such detectors are under investigation, namely: coherently summed hierarchical arrays, platelet horns and antenna coupled planar lenslets. The last option offers increased bandwidth and a simpler fabrication whilst maintaining the desired optical performance. In this work, the design, fabrication and experimental characterisation of a prototype planar metamaterial phase-engineered lenslet operating in W-band [75GHz;110GHz] is presented. Its radiated field, initially modelled and measured on a systematics limited optical bench, is compared against a simulated hyper-hemispherical lenslet, a more established technology. It is reported here that our device reaches the CMB specification for the next stages of experiments, demonstrating power coupling above 95%, beam gaussicity above 97% whilst maintaining ellipticity below 10% and cross-polarisation level below -21dB through its operating bandwidth. Such results underlines the potential advantages our lenslet can offer as focal optics for future CMB experiments.
Powell Lens-based Spectral Domain Line-Field Optical Coherence Tomography system for cellular resolution imaging of biological tissue
Authors: Bizheva Kostadinka , CHEN KEYU , Song Weixiang , HAN LE
Published: February 2023

A Powell lens is used in a Line-Field Spectral Domain OCT (PL-LF-SD-OCT) system to generate a line-shaped imaging beam with almost uniform distribution of the optical power in the line direction. This design overcomes the severe sensitivity loss (~10 dB) observed along the line length (B-scan width) in LF-OCT systems based on cylindrical lens line generators. The PL-LF-SD-OCT system offers almost isotropic spatial resolution (Δx and Δy ~2 µm, Δz ~1.8 µm) in free space and sensitivity of ~87 dB for 2.5 mW imaging power and 2,000 fps imaging rate, with only ~1.6 dB sensitivity loss along the line length. Images acquired with the PL-LF-SD-OCT system allow for visualization of the cellular and sub-cellular structure of biological tissues.
A two-component Bose-Einstein condensate can ‘bypass’ the no-cloning theorem
Authors: Datta Shouvik
Published: February 2023

No-cloning theorem in quantum cryptography prevents an eavesdropper from perfectly duplicating any arbitrary quantum state. Here we argue that an experimental scheme to produce a quantum superposition of interacting Bose-Einstein condensates can generate N bosonic clones of any arbitrary single quantum state at large N limit of thermodynamic equilibrium with high fidelity and thus operationally ‘bypass’ the restrictions imposed by the above mentioned theorem. This is possible because quantum statistical nature of this ‘cloning operation’ does not require strict unitary evolution of standard quantum mechanics within a single Hilbert space.
Characterization of inter-core-crosstalk in tapered multicore optical fibers
Authors: Barrera David , HERNANDEZ-AMBATO VALERIA , Madrigal Javier , Vico Felipe , Sales Salvador
Published: February 2023

We have methodically implemented and measured fiber tapers of different waist lengths and diameters in a seven-core optical fiber to describe and analyze the inter-core crosstalk between all the cores of the fiber. We describe the crosstalk between the central and external cores but also between outer cores, where the distance to the rest of the cores is not uniform. We analyze how the optical spectra evolve as the coupling coefficient and length increase, founding significant differences depending on the taper waist diameter showing that these devices can be used in different applications, from optical sensing to signal processing.
Effect of eucalyptus wood-based compost application rates on soil chemical properties in semi-organic avocado plantations, Limpopo province, South Africa
Authors: Mohale P. M. , Manyevere A. , Parwada C. , Zerizghy M. G.
Published: February 2023

Mixing different types of organic matters to form a compound compost can be useful in both short-and long-term improvement of soil chemical properties. However, effects of such composts on soil chemical properties are unknown. A 3-year field study was done to determine the effects of eucalyptus wood-based compost on selected chemical properties of soils at Mooketsi and Politsi avocado orchards, Limpopo Province, South Africa. The study was laid as a repeated measures design with 4 compost treatments at 0, 5, 10, and 15 t ha-1 year-1 with three replicates. Soil pH, EC, organic carbon, active carbon, soil NO3-N, NH4-N, PMN, P K, Ca, Mg, Na Mn, Cu, Zn, and Fe were measured annually at the two orchards after applying compost at the different rates. The eucalyptus wood-based compost significantly (p<0.05) altered the composition of the measured chemical properties at both orchards. The values of the soil chemical properties increased cumulatively with compost quantity and time. This trend was consistent at both orchards. Significantly (p<0.05) highest and lowest values of the soil chemical properties were recorded at 15t ha-1 and 0t ha-1 in 2018 respectively but with no significant (p>0.05) differences between 10t ha-1 and 15t ha-1 compost application rates the entire study period. Eucalyptus wood-based compost raised values of the soil chemical properties at ≥10t ha-1 application rates. It is recommended to apply the eucalyptus wood-based compost ≥10t ha-1 at both orchards, nevertheless, other factors governing organic matter decomposition such as soil temperature were not measured hence further studies are necessary.
Feature selection in wind speed forecasting systems based on meta-heuristic optimization
Authors: El-kenawy El-Sayed M. , Mirjalili Seyedali , Khodadadi Nima , Abdelhamid Abdelaziz A. , Eid Marwa M. , El-Said M. , Ibrahim Abdelhameed
Published: February 2023

Technology for anticipating wind speed can improve the safety and stability of power networks with heavy wind penetration. Due to the unpredictability and instability of the wind, it is challenging to accurately forecast wind power and speed. Several approaches have been developed to improve this accuracy based on processing time series data. This work proposes a method for predicting wind speed with high accuracy based on a novel weighted ensemble model. The weight values in the proposed model are optimized using an adaptive dynamic grey wolf-dipper throated optimization (ADGWDTO) algorithm. The original GWO algorithm is redesigned to emulate the dynamic group-based cooperative to address the difficulty of establishing the balance between exploration and exploitation. Quick bowing movements and a white breast, which distinguish the dipper throated birds hunting method, are employed to improve the proposed algorithm exploration capability. The proposed ADGWDTO algorithm optimizes the hyperparameters of the multi-layer perceptron (MLP), K-nearest regressor (KNR), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) regression models. A dataset from Kaggle entitled Global Energy Forecasting Competition 2012 is employed to assess the proposed algorithm. The findings confirm that the proposed ADGWDTO algorithm outperforms the literature’s state-of-the-art wind speed forecasting algorithms. The proposed binary ADGWDTO algorithm achieved average fitness of 0.9209 with a standard deviation fitness of 0.7432 for feature selection, and the proposed weighted optimized ensemble model (Ensemble using ADGWDTO) achieved a root mean square error of 0.0035 compared to state-of-the-art algorithms. The proposed algorithm’s stability and robustness are confirmed by statistical analysis of several tests, such as one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Wilcoxon’s rank-sum.
Faster progression to multiple sclerosis disability is linked to neuronal pathways associated with neurodegeneration: An ethnicity study
Authors: Harari Gil , Gurevich Michael , Dolev Mark , Zilkha Falb Rina , Achiron Anat
Published: February 2023

Although the causes of multiple sclerosis are largely unknown, genetic and environmental components play an important role. Geographic distribution, varying with latitude, reflects both genetic and environmental influences. We conducted a retrospective exploratory observational study to characterize the disability progression of 2396 Jewish patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, followed at the Sheba Multiple Sclerosis Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel; 188 patients who originated in Iraq and 2207 patients who originated in northern Europe. Peripheral blood microarray gene expression analysis was performed in a subgroup of patients to identify molecular pathways associated with faster disability progression. During a follow-up period of 18.8 and 19.8 years, respectively, 51.6% of patients with an Iraqi origin progressed to moderate disability defined as expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score of 3.0 to 5.5, compared to 44.2% of patients with a northern European origin (odds ratio 1.347, 95% CI 1.0–1.815, p = 0.049). An Iraqi origin was associated with increased risk of progression to moderate disability adjusted for sex, disease duration, age at onset, and treatment with immunomodulatory drugs (hazard ratio 1.323; 95% CI, 1.049–1.668, p = 0.02), but not to severe disability defined as EDSS score > = 6.0 (i.e., walking aids are required for a distance of 100 meters, (hazard ratio 1.311; 95% CI, 0.918–1.874, p = 0.136). Gene expression analysis disclosed 98 differentially expressed genes (79 over-expressed and 19 under-expressed) between relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients of Iraqi origin (N = 17) and northern European (N = 34) origin. Interestingly, this gene expression was enriched with genes related to neuronal pathways associated with morphology of axons, branching of neurites, proliferation of neocortical neurons, and formation of myelin sheath, suggesting an augmented process of neurodegeneration in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients with an Iraqi origin. The study results suggest that relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients with an Iraqi origin progress faster to disability possibly due to an enhanced process of neurodegeneration.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of anlotinib versus sunitinib as first-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma in China
Authors: Lin Jingyang , Fang Qingxia , Zheng Xiaochun
Published: February 2023

Background

Sunitinib was approved several years ago as a first-line drug for treating metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC); however, its high price and broad side effects when administered at the standard dose have limited its clinical use. A clinical trial (NCT02072031) confirmed that anlotinib could be used as the first-line treatment for mRCC. This study was conducted to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of anlotinib as a first-line treatment for mRCC compared to that of sunitinib in China.

Methods

A Markov model was established to compare the cost-effectiveness of anlotinib with that of sunitinib. Clinical data were obtained from a multi-center phase II trial (clinical trial information: NCT02072031). Utility values were obtained from the literature. Total costs were calculated from a Chinese societal perspective. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the model uncertainty. The life-year (LY), quality-adjusted life-year (QALY), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio were calculated.

Results

The base-case analysis over a lifetime horizon of 10 years showed that the anlotinib group had 2.196 LYs and 1.487 QALYs at a total cost of $68,597.84. The sunitinib group had 2.194 LYs and 1.432 QALYs at a total cost of $88,060.02. This resulted in incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) of anlotinib versus sunitinib of $-9,210,858.93 per LYs and $-354,117.07 per QALYs, suggesting that anlotinib is a more effective and less costly strategy than sunitinib.

Conclusion

Anlotinib may be a more cost-effective first-line treatment strategy for mRCC than sunitinib in China.
«Bella Ciao», de símbolo antifascista a icono pop.
Authors: Matas Irene
Published: February 2023

Bella Ciao es una canción tradicional italiana que se convirtió en símbolo de la resistencia antifascista durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. A pesar de haber sido versionada en múltiples ocasiones, su inclusión en la banda sonora de la exitosa serie La Casa de Papel la ha proyectado aún más a nivel internacional. La música preexistente al pasar por el proceso comunicativo de un medio audiovisual adquiere y ve modificados sus significados previos. En la investigación se aplica el modelo de los códigos de significación de Stuart Hall para desentrañar la hipótesis propuesta. El objetivo es abordar el especial interés de este estudio de caso por conllevar una adscripción ideológica en su nacimiento que se ha visto modificada tras su integración en una serie de televisión.
Producción de música electrónica y audiovisuales en el metamodernidad
Authors: Jiménez Arévalo Alberto
Published: February 2023

La utilización de la música electrónica en los audiovisuales ha recorrido un largo camino hasta la actualidad. En este sentido, aunque la música electrónica sigue asociándose en la imagen con los clichés de los géneros de la ciencia ficción, el terror o la tecnología, ha pasado a formar parte de productos audiovisuales de otros géneros, y sus múltiples hibridaciones, además de construir nuevas capas de significación y diferentes formas de identificación con el público en el apogeo de la era digital o metamodernidad.
Las nuevas herramientas para la producción musical –DAW (Digital Audio Workstation) y VST Plug-ins (Virtual Studio Technology)– han posibilitado la creación de nuevas sonoridades y paisajes audiovisuales. De manera paralela, este software ha mediado en la construcción de un imaginario colectivo que pone sus ojos en los productos audiovisuales de los años ochenta del siglo pasado, y en especial en los videojuegos y su música de 8 y 16 bits, como periodo canónico de la cultura popular. La creación de nuevos instrumentos virtuales, inspirados en las sonoridades de aquella década, y la reutilización mediante «sampleo» de cajas de ritmos, bass lines y sintetizadores de los ochenta, como «retrotecnia» y «technostalgia», han experimentado un continuo crecimiento en las más recientes producciones audiovisuales y han posibilitado narrativas transmedia. La mirada nostálgica a los productos canónicos de aquella época se ha ampliado progresivamente a la década de los noventa y a momentos más recientes.
En este artículo nos centraremos en diferentes productos audiovisuales (películas y series de plataformas en streaming) de la última década. Analizaremos algunas de estas producciones con el objetivo de conocer la manera en que las herramientas digitales de producción musical, y en concreto ciertos instrumentos virtuales vinculados a la cultura de baile y la música rave, median en la construcción de significados, la creación de identidades digitales y la gestión de las emociones de los espectadores.
MEUGANG AND KENDURI NUZULULQURAN TRADITION IN ACEH COMMUNITY IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD
Authors: Desfandi Mirza , Nisa Jakiatin , Nubli Gadeng Ahmad , Muliana Aida
Published: February 2023

This article describes the phenomenon of the implementation of the Meugang and Kenduri Nuzululquran traditions in the months of Ramadan and Idulfitri 1441 H during the Covid-19 pandemic in Aceh. This paper is a literature review. The results of the study show that even though they are being hit by the Covid-19 pandemic, the people of Aceh during the month of Ramadan 1441 H still flocked to mosques to carry out worship. In addition, the tradition of Meugang and the feast of Nuzululquran is still being carried out. This is because the people of Aceh believe that by carrying out religious orders and carrying out the Meugang tradition and the tradition of sharing in the Nuzululquran feasts that have been carried out from generation to generation, will be able to keep them away from disasters and calamities. Conversely, if a lot of disobedience and disobeying His commands will bring disaster and disaster. Based on this, it is advisable for the public to carry out the tradition of Meugang and kenduri nuzulul quran or other traditions to always comply with the appeal of the government and also scholars by always carrying out health protocols in preventing the spread of Covid-19.
NEW MARGINALS, OLD MARGINALS IN THE AGE OF COVID-19 IN INDONESIA
Authors: Novenanto Anton , Kristama Baswara , Kurniawaty Yuni , Amiruddin Lutfi , Widowati Fitri , Solekhah Nuzul , Azkia Laila , Saputri Erina , Anam Syaiful , Makitan Gadi , Pitakaningrum Palupi
Published: February 2023

This study is a patchwork ethnography of how certain social groups in Indonesia are marginalized while coping with the ongoing global pandemic of COVID-19. A consortium consisting of social researchers living in different locations in Indonesia conducted observation to identify marginal/marginalized groups in their surroundings. We focus on the marginalization or marginalizing process by considering the vulnerability concept developed within the disaster studies field. Our observations guided by questions: How vulnerable were pre-existing marginal/marginalized groups in Indonesia before and during the outbreak? To what extent does the Indonesian government approach for the outbreak become a new vulnerability structure by creating new marginal groups within the society? Our observation identified that the ongoing pandemic has further marginalized pre-existing marginal groups and emerged some new marginal groups within society.
TIGA WORLDVIEW DALAM PENGUATAN RESILIENSI KOMUNITAS TANGGAP BENCANA MERAPI
Authors: Adhis Tessa
Published: February 2023

Setiap rentang tiga tahun, gunung Merapi meletus dan memberikan kerugian jiwa, benda, dan psikis bagi masyarakat Yogyakarta dan sekitarnya. Jika masyarakat tidak memiliki daya tahan (resiliensi) dalam menghadapi bencana tentu risikonya semakin tinggi. Tulisan ini menjelaskan tentang worldview yang memantik penguatan resiliensi dalam menghadapi bencana Merapi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif etnografi di masyarakat Turgo dan Kaliurang. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap 12 informan, dan dikuatkan dengan partisipasi observasi. Penelitian telah menemukan tiga worldview tentang Merapi: sebagai sosok yang dituakan, anasir kekuasaan, dan sumber rezeki, telah memantik penguatan interaksi sosial dan sistem mata pencarian untuk tujuan kesiapsiagaan pada pra, saat dan pasca bencana. Resiliensi yang didasarkan pada worldview itu diterjemahkan ke praktik pemenuhan kebutuhan dan pengurangan risiko. Kapasitas ini dapat dikembangkan sebagai mekanisme pengurangan risiko bencana berbasiskan komunitas.
JALUR REMPAH DAN ISLAMISASI NUSANTARA:
Authors: Hamid Abd. Rahman
Published: February 2023

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This article analyses the connection between the spice route and the Islamization of the Nusantara archipelago, focusing on the Samudera Pasai network. This research is historical research that uses several sources from Malay, Arabic, Chinese, and Portuguese. The research found that the Samudera Pasai use the decline of the Sriwijaya network to create a hub of a new network of the Malacca Strait, Indian Ocean, and the Java Sea at the northern tip of Sumatra. After the king converted to Islam and made his country a center for religious da'wah, Samudera Pasai grew more rapidly. From this process, two patterns were formed, namely the India-China network and the Java-Malacca network. The first pattern is highly influenced by India's religious and commercial characteristics, while China tends to have political and trade characteristics. In this pattern, Samudera Pasai is passive and becomes part of two main poles of the Asian economy (India and China). In the second pattern, Samudera Pasai is more serious in pushing Muslim communities and the birth of Islamic leaders in Java. Samudera Pasai network largely determined the progress of Malacca. After the kingdom converted to Islam because of the enforcement of the Sultan of Pasai and the scholars in Malacca, Samudera Pasai finally replaced the primary role of the Malacca Strait. This study concludes that Islam is a stimulus for the growth and development of Muslim port cities in the archipelago's spice routes in the XIII-XVI centuries.
A középiskolai matematikafelvételik tanulságai és ezek megjelenése a tanítóképzésben
Authors: Kórus Péter , Pintér Klára
Published: February 2023

Tanulmányunkban az elmúlt évek központi írásbeli vizsgáinak matematika-feladatlapjait vizsgáljuk, feltárjuk jellemzőiket, eredményeiket, összegyűjtjük, milyen ismeretekre, képességekre van szükség a feladatok sikeres megoldásához. Példaként a 2022-es évben az első vizsganapon megírt matematika-feladatsorokat elemezzük. Kitérünk a 4., a 6. és a 8. osztályosoknak kiadott feladatok közül azokra, amelyek nagyobb nehézséget okoztak, vagy éppen meglepően jól sikerültek a gyerekeknek. Összehasonlításképpen bemutatjuk, hogy az SZTE JGYPK tanító szakos hallgatói milyen eredménnyel oldották meg a 4., illetve a 6. osztályosoknak szánt matematika-feladatsorokat.
Mikszáth Kálmán két ismeretlen kézirata (1893, 1900)
Authors: Bíró-Balogh Tamás
Published: February 2023

Mikszáth Kálmán (1847–1910), a magyar prózaírás egyik legnagyobb mesterének jelentősége nemcsak novelláival, kis- és nagyregényeivel mérhető, de a közbeszédben kevesebbet emlegetett publicisztikájával is. Viszont kevés cikkének kézirata maradt az utókorra. Nemrég azonban előkerült két olyan autográf, amely Mikszáth sajtóban megjelent cikkeinek nem publikált részeit tartalmazzák. Ezek ismertetése és elemzése pedig megmutatja a publicista Mikszáth gondolkozásmódját, írói gyakorlatát.
A kisiskoláskorú gyermekek motoros képességeinek fejlesztése a mozgásos játékokkal
Authors: Dorka Péter
Published: February 2023

A fizikai aktivitás preventív alkalmazása napjaink egyik legfontosabb témája a testnevelés tantárgy oktatása alkalmával. A testnevelés, gyógytestnevelés témakörében, mozgásanyagában fontos és elengedhetetlen feladatként jelenik meg a mozgásos játékok (iskolai és népi játékok) alkalmazása, képességfejlesztő szerepe, tevékenysége.
A címben szereplő téma hatékonyságát, lehetőségét, szerepét mutatom be a motoros képességek fejlesztése céljából. Elemzem a témához kapcsolódó szakirodalmakat, és bemutatok néhány, a motoros képességek fejlesztéséhez alkalmas, példaértékű játékot, amelyek biztosítják a hatékony fejlesztést a motoros képességek területén. E játékok felhasználhatók az óvodai mozgásprogramokban, gyógytestnevelésben, testnevelésben.
Körösök-menti holtágak hasznosítási lehetőségeinek természeti földrajzi alapjai
Authors: Oláh Ferenc , Szalma Elemér
Published: February 2023

Egy átfogó, a Tisza-völgy egészét érintő kutatás részeként sor került a Hármas-, a Kettős- és a Sebes-Körös menti holtágak komplex vizsgálatára is.1 Ez elsősorban a hidrobotanikai viszonyokra, a szukcessziós folyamatok jellegére irányult, amelyet megelőzött a mélyszerkezet és a felszíni vízviszonyok közötti kapcsolat feltárása. Jelen munkánkban a Körös-vidék földtani-földrajzi fejlődéstörténetének rövid vázlata után a vizsgálatba bevont holtágak elhelyezkedése, legfontosabb metrikus paramétereik, a vízellátottság stabilitási viszonyai alapján különítünk el csoportokat, amelyek térbeli elrendeződését is meghatározzuk. Ezt követően határozzuk meg a jelenlegi és lehetséges hasznosítási módok szerinti csoportokat, kiemelve a természetvédelem és a rekreáció szempontjából fontosakat. Munkánk következő szakaszában ezen holtágaknak, illetve a közelükben lévő, hozzájuk kapcsolódó tanösvényeknek az oktatás-nevelés folyamatában való felhasználhatóságát fogjuk megvizsgálni.
Executive Functioning and Explicit Physical Activity Self-Regulation Associated with the Activity Choice Index
Authors: Adamek John , Taggart Adam , Bullard Tiffany , Cohen Jason , Kramer Arthur , McAuley Edward , Mullen Sean
Published: February 2023

The Activity Choice Index (ACI) has been designed to account for transient moments in one’s daily life and the extent to which effortful decisions to choose physically active tasks are made. It has only been validated in Portuguese samples and little is known about the extent to which choices are associated with executive functioning (EF) and explicit (physical activity self-beliefs) vs. implicit motives. The purpose of this study was to validate the ACI in a U.S. sample of middle-aged adults and to test theorized mechanisms underlying the activity choices targeted by the ACI. Data from this study were derived from 133 middle-aged adults (Mage = 53.82; 79% women; BMI = 32.06) who were randomized to 20 hours of supervised cognitive-motor training or attention control (video) interventions. Participants completed baseline (M0) and post-intervention testing at Month 1 (M1), including 7-day Fitbit monitoring and self-report measures of physical activity, self-regulation strategies, self-efficacy, explicit and implicit attitudes, and cognitive assessments (e.g., dual task). Pre-intervention ACI was not collected (true M0), and no group differences were found, so M1 associations were analyzed with the collapsed sample. Bivariate correlations were low but statistically significant (p < .05) between ACI and M0 and M1 Fitbit steps and self-reported physical activity. Self-regulation strategies (r’s = .46, .40), future self-identity (r’s = .39, .31), and exercise self-efficacy (r’s = .21, .27) were also positively associated with ACI. Interestingly, implicit attitudes were not associated with ACI and negative correlations were found with specific ACI items “park further away” and “standing over sitting” (r’s = -.21, -.30). Dual task correlated only with the “park further away” item at M1 (r = .22). Together, these findings offer support for the theorized role of EF and self-regulation in conscious activity choices and support the ACI’s construct validity and reliability.
Evaluating a Novel, Portable, Self-Administrable Device (“Beacon”) That Measures Critical Flicker Frequency as a Test for Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Vutien Philip , Li Richard , Karkar Ravi , Munson Sean A. , Fogarty James , Walter Kara , Yacoub Michael , Ioannou George N.
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION:

We compared critical flicker frequency (CFF) thresholds obtained using a novel portable device “Beacon” with thresholds from the commercially available Lafayette Flicker Fusion System (Lafayette-FFS) in patients with cirrhosis.

METHODS:

One hundred fifty-three participants with chronic liver disease underwent CFF testing using Beacon and Lafayette-FFS with a method-of-limits and/or forced-choice protocol.

RESULTS:

Beacon demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation 0.91–0.97) and good correlation with the Lafayette-FFS values (intraclass correlation 0.77–0.84). Forced-choice CFF were on average 4.1 Hz higher than method-of-limits descending CFFs.

DISCUSSION:

Beacon can be self-administered by patients with chronic liver disease and cirrhosis to measure CFF, a validated screening test for minimal hepatic encephalopathy.
Response of early-cycle common bean cultivars with carioca, black and speckled grains to top-dressing nitrogen fertilization
Authors: Oliveira Neuza Helena Carvalho de , Coelho Anderson Prates , Meirelles Flávia Constantino , Cazuza Neto Ancelmo , Lemos Leandro Borges
Published: February 2023

The aim was to evaluate the agronomic and qualitative attributes of early-cycle common bean cultivars with different grains types grains in response to top-dressing nitrogen (N) doses. The experiment was carried out using a randomized block design, in a split-plot scheme, with 4 replicates. The plots consisted of the cultivars IAC Nuance, IAC 1849 Polaco and IAC Veloz, with speckled, Carioca and black grains, respectively. The subplots were formed by N doses applied as top-dressing: 0 kg ha-1, 60 kg ha-1 (applied in the stage of third trifoliate leaf), 120 kg ha-1 (1/2 applied at third trifoliate leaf stage + 1/2 applied at the floral bud stage) and 180 kg ha-1 (1/3 applied at the first trifoliate leaf stage + 1/3 applied at the third trifoliate leaf stage + 1/3 applied at the floral bud stage). IAC Veloz stood out for grain yield, showing the highest grain yield in the lowest N doses, being classified as efficient to the use of N. The cultivars IAC Nuance and IAC 1849 Polaco reached maximum yields with 155 and 163 kg ha-1 of N. The IAC Nuance was the most responsive, increasing grain yield by up to 25.3% due to nitrogen fertilization. Increasing N doses applied as top-dressing increased the sieve yield and crude protein content of the common bean cultivars, with IAC Nuance standing out. The cultivars showed good grain quality, and IAC 1849 Polaco and IAC Veloz had the shortest cooking time and IAC Veloz also had the fastest hydration.
História da formação e do trabalho de professoras e professores de escolas rurais (1940-1970)
Authors: Chaloba Rosa Fátima de Souza , Lima Sandra Cristina Fagundes de
Published: February 2023

A história da formação e do trabalho de professoras e professores de escolas primárias rurais possui uma grande potencialidade investigativa, pois permite o aprofundamento de várias temáticas correlatas no campo educacional, como a história da profissão docente e da escola, além da escolarização da infância e dos adultos e dos modos de disseminação da cultura letrada no meio rural. Nos diferentes países da América Latina, a educação dos trabalhadores do campo tem se constituído historicamente em um desafio de inegáveis proporções. Não obstante, não se pode desconsiderar o papel relevante desempenhado pelas escolas rurais na escolarização da infância na América Latina. Por isso, a ampliação da produção historiográfica sobre esse tema, na última década, tem sido fundamental. Nesse sentido, a proposta de um dossiê para tratar a temática da história da formação e do trabalho de professores rurais (1940 a 1970) decorre dos resultados obtidos no Projeto Formação e Formação e Trabalho de Professoras e Professores Rurais no Brasil: PR, SP, MG, RJ, MA, MS, MT, PE, PI, SE, PB, RO (décadas de 40 a 70 do século XX), realizado sob a coordenação da Prof.ª Dr.ª Rosa Fátima de Souza Chaloba (Unesp). Este projeto, de natureza interinstitucional, apresentou como objetivo analisar a profissionalização docente no Brasil buscando compreender as políticas públicas empreendidas em âmbito nacional e estadual para a formação do magistério rural e as formas de recrutamento, carreira, salários e condições de trabalho dos professores do campo visando a contribuir para a escrita da história da educação rural no Brasil. O recorte temporal toma como referência inicial as iniciativas da União em prol da expansão do ensino primário rural por meio da destinação de verbas, construção de escolas, prescrições e orientações para formação de professores. A referência final na década de 1970 justifica-se pela extinção desse modelo de formação e adoção de novas modelos a partir da implantação da Reforma do Ensino de 1° e 2° Graus (Lei 5.692/71). Nesse sentido, os textos que compõem este dossiê inscrevem-se no período de 1940 a 1970, com exceção do primeiro artigo que apreende o objeto situando-o no início do Século XX. Não obstante essa discrepância, consideramos que a análise empreendida por seu autor é importante para situar a discussão no contexto da Argentina e, por conseguinte, a baliza temporal é coerente com a problemática apresentada. Avaliamos, portanto, não haver prejuízos à coerência temporal que subjaz ao dossiê.
El movimiento pedagógico ruralista en Uruguay y sus estrategias para la formación de maestros rurales (1940-1960)
Authors: Reisin Pamela Ruth
Published: February 2023

El movimiento pedagógico ruralista en Uruguay (1930-1960) llevó adelante diversas experiencias de formación en educación rural para estudiantes de magisterio y para docentes en ejercicio, desatándose entre ellas el Centro de Divulgación de Prácticas Escolares, las Misiones Socio Pedagógicas y el Instituto Normal Rural. Todas estas propuestas apostaron por una formación práctica que contemple las particularidades del trabajo de los maestros y maestras en las escuelas rurales y que procure el desarrollo integral de las poblaciones de los campos en Uruguay.
Reflexiones sobre los procesos de feminización y profesionalización del magisterio rural mexicano en el periodo de la unidad nacional
Authors: López Oresta
Published: February 2023

Durante el gobierno de Manuel Ávila Camacho (1940-1946), se impulsó una política denominada como de Unidad Nacional, en nombre de la cual se impusieron acuerdos internos para fortalecer al Estado, en el contexto de la 2ª. Guerra Mundial, a la que México se sumó. Para la educación rural significó un giro importante a la derecha, un retroceso en las políticas reformistas, socialistas, feministas y agraristas del periodo cardenista. En el presente artículo se analizan los antecedentes y los desafíos educativos de profesionalización del magisterio rural y se hace visible la sindicalización controlada por el estado, así como la precarización y feminizacion de este gremio, siendo las maestras rurales fundamentales para la alfabetización y la pacificación rural del país. En este sentido se aportan datos duros de la feminización del magisterio rural; marcos analíticos para comprender estos procesos, en la coyuntura de la ideología de la unidad nacional y narrativas que demuestran la aplicación de estas políticas en las vidas de las maestras rurales, y sus resistencias a tales políticas.
Memórias de professoras na região amazônica: trabalho e modos de ensinar em escolas rurais no terceiro quartel do Século XX
Authors: Barros Josemir Almeida , Nunes Marcia Jovani de Oliveira , Silva Andressa Lima da
Published: February 2023

A investigação é sobre professoras de escolas rurais na região amazônica, Norte brasileiro, hoje estado de Rondônia. O recorte temporal tem início em 1955 com a criação do Serviço Social Rural, vinculado ao Ministério da Agricultura. O ano final da pesquisa é 1971, com a criação da Associação de Crédito e Assistência Rural do Território Federal de Rondônia. O objetivo é identificar e analisar modos de ensinar, o trabalho de professoras rurais e infraestrutura de escolas em contexto político e econômico brasileiro diante da migração de colonos para a região amazônica. Perscrutam-se os modos de ensinar a partir do trabalho de professoras em escolas rurais multisseriadas na Amazônia. A metodologia se ancora em fontes: leis, decretos, livros e entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com três professoras, por meio da plataforma Google Meet, diante da pandemia da COVID-19. Constata-se que modos de ensinar e trabalho docente estão articulados ao fazer e pensar docente.
Dorina de Gouvêa Nowill: uma intelectual transfronteiriça na educação dos cegos
Authors: Cardoso Fernanda Luísa de Miranda , Martínez Silvia Alicia
Published: February 2023

Este estudo objetiva retomar as ações da professora brasileira cega, Dorina de Gouvêa Nowill, em seu ativismo e protagonismo pela educação dos cegos e das pessoas com visão “subnormal”, para além da perspectiva restritiva da filantropia, principalmente em relação às suas contribuições para a implantação de políticas públicas e para a difusão e transmissão de práticas culturais. As fontes históricas consultadas permitem reconhecer Nowill como uma intelectual criadora e mediadora tendo em vista a sua posição central na promoção da circulação do conhecimento sobre e para a educação dos cegos; na formação de profissionais técnicos e professores; na produção de objetos culturais; na tradução de publicações para o português e/ou para o braille de conteúdos sobre ou para os cegos; na sua capacidade de influência no espaço público nacional e na sua repercussão no movimento associativo internacional dos cegos, diluindo fronteiras.
História e memória da educação especial em Mato Grosso do Sul: constituição, trilhas e serviços
Authors: Neres Celi Corrêa , Belato Janaina de Jesus Fernandes , Corrêa Nesdete Mesquita
Published: February 2023

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar a constituição dos serviços e atendimentos da educação especial no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), por meio das vozes de duas gestoras pioneiras na condução da implementação de políticas de educação especial.  A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista com roteiro semiestruturado, após adesão das convidadas à pesquisa, por meio do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE) e da autorização das mesmas para divulgar suas identidades, para fins de publicação. O tratamento, análise e sistematização dos resultados tiveram como aporte teórico o materialismo histórico. Os resultados apontaram que a educação especial no estado de MS, em confluência com a história da educação especial no Brasil, foi constituída por iniciativas pioneiras, com participação direta de profissionais das áreas da medicina, da psicologia e de instituições especializadas, sendo essas iniciativas tanto de cunho individual como, também, de algumas equipes.
Nos bastidores da pesquisa histórica: proposições sobre manipulação e tratamento documental de impressos periódicos
Authors: Bezerra Giovani Ferreira
Published: February 2023

Este artigo apresenta procedimentos técnico-operativos para a compilação de impressos periódicos e sua reprodução digital em bancos de dados, considerando o referencial da Nova História Cultural, na acepção de Roger Chartier. Defende-se que, no tratamento historiográfico desses impressos, materialidades e textualidades são dimensões interdependentes na produção de sentidos. Disso resulta a necessidade de uso de protocolos específicos, conforme objetivos e problemas de investigação, para registro de características materiais, textuais e gráficas do impresso periódico em seu suporte original. Tal prática facilita a consulta, a interpretação e a análise ulteriores das edições investigadas, mesmo sem sua presença física.
Optimization of Knitted Fabrics for better Thermo-Physiological Comfort by using Taguchi-based Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Kazmi Kashaf , Javed Zafar , Salman Muhammad , Iftikhar Fatima , Ahmed Naseer , Naeem Jawad , Jabbar Abdul , Karahan Mehmet , Naeem M. Salman
Published: February 2023

The water, air permeability and thermal resistance of fabrics are important attributes that have a significant impact on the thermal comfort properties of sportswear fabrics in different environmental conditions. In this work, terry and fleece fabrics were developed by varying the fibre content and mass per unit area of fabrics. Moreover, the thermo-physical properties of the developed fabrics, including air permeability, water vapor permeability and thermal resistance, were analysed before and after washing. The multi-response optimization of the thermal comfort properties of knitted fabrics was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) and the Taguchi signal-to-noise ratio (PCA-S/N ratio) to achieve optimal properties. It was determined that the selected parameters (fabric type, finishing, fibre content and fabric mass per unit area) had a significant effect on the thermal comfort properties of knitted fabrics. The PCA analysis showed that 100% cotton terry fabric before washing with an aerial weight of 220 g/m2 had higher air and water vapor permeability value, but a lower thermal resistance value.
CFD Simulation Verification Processes at Planing Hulls using An Interceptor
Authors: Utomo Budi , Samuel Samuel , Yulianti Serliana , Rindo Good , Iqbal Muhammad , Fathuddiin Abubakar
Published: February 2023

Experimental test is one of the methods for predicting drag ships using towing tank. This method has a good level of accuracy but requires quite complex equipment and costs. With the advancing technology of computing, the CFD method has emerged as an alternative for problem-solving, especially in hydrodynamics analysis. This study aims to ensure the accuracy of Computational Fluid dynamics (CFD) by verifying experimental data on high-speed vessel using an interceptor. The Interceptor system generates a hydrodynamic lift force by intercepting the flow of water under the hull. Comparison of experimental results and numerical simulations will involve analysis of drag, heave and trim. Numerical simulations were carried out using ITTC recommendations as testing standards. This research uses the grid independence study method to ensure the accuracy of the mesh. CFD simulations were carried out using the overset mesh method and the k-epsilon to solve turbulence flow. The Dynamic Fluid Body Interaction (DFBI) module is employed to resolve the dynamic motion of the ship in order to assess hull movements based on by fluid forces and moments. There can be two degrees of freedom in the heave and pitch directions. All simulations are performed in calm water condition. Verification is carried out by reviewing the condition of the ship without an interceptor and with an interceptor. 100% stroke and 60% interceptor were used as variations of the verification of this study. The results of this study indicate that the CFD analysis has been verified by the experimental method with a maximum error range of 10.7%. Planing hull is a type of fast ship that has quite complex hydrodynamic characteristics. This study also shows that the use of interceptors is proven to improve the performance of the planing hull ship.