bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bone Degreasing – Finding a New Solution to an Old Problem
Authors: Stemmer David , Kehagias Odi
Published: June 2018

The South Australian Museum boasts the largest and most comprehensive cetacean collection in Australia, including various large cetacean skeletons. The preparation of these skeletons was done at various locations throughout the history of the Museum until the state government funded a purpose-built preparation facility which opened in 1983.

The well-equipped centre was fitted with a large (2800 L) custom-built liquid-vapour degreaser that used trichloroethylene (TCE) as solvent. Many beautifully degreased skeletons, including a 22 m pygmy blue whale, were prepared during its 15-year operation. An accidental spill of TCE in 1999 led to the decommissioning of the unit.

The decision to abandon the use of the toxic and dangerous TCE has led to a series of experiments to find a benign replacement process that will work either with the existing degreaser or heated maceration vats. Numerous chemicals and treatment methods have been trialled with limited success. However, one particular group of chemicals, glycol ether surfactant compounds, has shown promise and has been the main focus for our ongoing studies.

Glycol ethers are broad-spectrum active solvents characterised by high dilution ratios, low evaporation rates and wide solubility range. Their unique solubility characteristics also allow them to be used as a coupling solvent in more complex situations containing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, and because of their compatibility with non-ionic surfactants, blended formulations with glycol ether solvents may provide a new solution to an old problem.
Replacement of Formalin-Acetic Acid-Alcohol Solution (FAA) in Herbarium Spirit Collections
Authors: Collins Bronwyn , Palmer Jo , Toms Emma , Zich Frank
Published: June 2018

FAA was used as a fixative and preservative for plant fruit, flowers and other parts pre-1992 at the Australian National Herbarium in Canberra and the Australian Tropical Herbarium in Cairns. In total, approximately 15,000 bottles contained FAA solution. In 2012, the Hazardous Substance classification for formaldehyde was changed from Category 3 to Category 2 in accordance with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) as it is now considered that it is probably carcinogenic in humans following inhalation exposure. The basis for lowering the current exposure standard was to provide protection against both sensory irritation and cancer. In response to these changes a FAA replacement program was developed that focused on worker safety during replacement by minimising exposure and managing the manual handling risks of the work, whilst also ensuring best-practice curatorial outcomes for the specimens.

An overview of goals achieved and the lessons learned along the way will be discussed. We hope these may be useful to other collections managers planning formaldehyde replacement programs in their institutions.
Efficient Digitisation of Unaccessioned Specimens in a Large Vertebrate Fossil Collection to Enhance Data Quality and Mitigate Risk
Authors: Ziegler Tim , Day Jessica , Herbu Karina , Blyth-McHale Marie
Published: June 2018

The Museums Victoria (NMV) Vertebrate Palaeontology Collection holds more than 130,000 specimens, including the single largest collection of vertebrate fossils from the state of Victoria, Australia. Accessioned specimens make up around one third of the collection; however, few of the other, unaccessioned specimens have been catalogued. Vertebrate fossil accession at NMV is carried out in three stages: registration under a permanent specimen number, entry into the database software catalogue Axiell EMu, and barcode-based location tracking using a handheld device linked to an online application (http://mvwise.museum.vic.gov.au). In the past, unregistered specimens have been catalogued or location- tracked only infrequently, and the scale of legacy subcollections makes full registration an impractical goal for unaccessioned specimens. Accurate knowledge of unaccessioned specimens is essential to estimate collection size and composition, and predict future resource needs. Where such knowledge is held by staff but not documented, there is a persistent risk of dissociation or loss. Further, having accessible digital records greatly enhances data discoverability for research and exhibition users.

We describe an EMu-based workflow for unaccessioned specimens in the NMV Vertebrate Palaeontology Collection, which newly documents and tracks specimens without the time burden of prior accession protocols. Minimum-data EMu catalogue records are generated from a handheld MVWISE scanner (based on Apple mobile hardware), with photographs that include the specimen along with any existing metadata or context. These records are immediately linked to trackable barcodes associated with storage locations. Subsequently, relevant taxonomic, stratigraphic or historical information can be cross-referenced to catalogue records en masse, either directly or using import functions. This metadata is accessed efficiently from within Axiell EMu via the specimen photographs, rather than requiring a subsequent physical search. The risks mitigable by this project are discussed, as are reasons commonly cited for not accessioning specimens, and dilemmas and consequences arising from the new approach. We also provide guidance on the rates of data generation, the required and recommended resources to be used, and forecast practical benefits in discovery and use for the collection.
The Treasure of George Vernon Hudson
Authors: Kasper Julia , Sirvid Phil
Published: June 2018

George V. Hudson, born 1867 in London, developed a strong interest in nature when he was nine years old and began collecting insects. At the age of 13 he wrote and illustrated his first manuscript on insects.

In 1881 Hudson moved to New Zealand, where he worked as a clerk in the post office in Wellington until his retirement in 1919. However, he kept collecting, investigating and describing insects in his spare time, and was determined to present New Zealand’s insect fauna to the general public. He was critical of the formal education system and provided alternative methods of learning through his books. His achievements place him among New Zealand’s distinguished pioneer naturalists.

After Hudson’s death in April 1946, his collection of insects, one of the largest and most valuable private collection in New Zealand, was donated to the Dominion Museum with the condition that it remained intact in its nine original cabinets. These are made from kauri and are full of neatly pinned in sects, Hudson invented his own coding system for labelling his specimens. The numbers that refer to each specimen were recorded in three volumes of register books, where he noted details about the samples. These registers are the only way we can understand the collection. However, since Hudson had a very idiosyncratic handwriting and wrote between lines when he ran out of space, his registers are very hard to read. Also, he changed names, deleted numbers of specimens that were given away and reused those numbers. In short, these registers were living documents that changed with the collection.

This collection is of immense scientific value and it has been well protected in climate-controlled conditions, although quite inaccessible for many years. Now, the kauri cabinets are secured to shelving units bolted to the floor and a wall. This provides protection against flooding and earthquake hazards. The registers and the specimens in the drawers are part of a digitisation program. All the information on the aging register pages were scanned in high resolution. It is now possible to magnify the writing and transfer the data into a database without touching the vulnerable originals. It is also possible to share the scanned pages with volunteers and experts, who can help deciphering Hudson’s notes. The plan is to make some of the pages available online, as part of a citizen science project.
Measuring and Mitigating Mercury Gases in the Museums Victoria Collection.
Authors: Measday Danielle , Goodall Rosemary
Published: June 2018

For the past six years the conservation and collection management departments at Museums Victoria have been conducting a major survey to determine the type and extent of hazardous substances in the collections to better inform safe handling and storage practices. This paper focuses on mercury compounds in the collection, including mercury chloride applied as a pesticide, mercury sulfide pigments, liquid mercury used in scientific equipment, and mineral specimens such as native mercury and cinnabar. All these compounds can release volatile mercury vapour into storage furniture and have the potential to contaminate both the cabinet and other specimens stored nearby.

Although previous testing had confirmed that the air in storage rooms and workspaces contained no detectable levels of mercury vapour, recent publications by Hawks et al. 2004, Havermans et al. 2015 and Marcotte et al. 2017 showing high levels of mercury vapour inside storage containers in herbaria raised concern that there could be higher than acceptable levels of mercury vapour building up inside storage cabinets at Museums Victoria. This prompted analysis of the headspace in cabinets using a Jerome J405 portable mercury vapour meter. Testing was informed by the results of previous hazards surveys using X-ray fluorescence spectrography to target cabinets where mercury vapour was likely to be present.

Air from cabinets was sampled across the indigenous cultures, history, technology and natural sciences collections. Results showed levels of mercury vapour could be considerably above 25 μg/m3 the Australian time-weighted average (TWA) exposure standard for an 8 hour workday in cabinets of bird skins and indigenous artefacts treated with mercuric chloride pesticides. Results above 150 μg/m3 the temporary emergency exposure level (TEEL) were measured in the mineralogy collection. Mitigation strategies are being implemented to reduce the risks to staff health and contamination of other collection materials, including enclosing mercury-containing species of minerals in gas barrier film, venting high risk cabinets to dissipate vapour before accessing specimens, and engineering controls during the handling of specimens.
Description of the larva of Oecetis mizrain Malicky & Graf, 2012 (Trichoptera, Leptoceridae) and Lepidostoma scotti (Ulmer, 1930) (Trichoptera, Lepidostomatidae) from Chilimo Forest, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Terefe Yonas , Vitecek Simon , Graf Wolfram
Published: June 2018

The Ethiopian caddisfly fauna comprises 85 species, including 10Oecetisspecies and threeLepidostomaspecies. In this context we provide the first species-level descriptions of Ethiopian caddisfly larvae. We describe and illustrate the larvae ofO.mizrainandL.scotti, with additional notes on their habitats and distribution.
A new species of Stenasellus Dollfus, 1897 from Iran, with a key to the western Asian species (Crustacea, Isopoda, Stenasellidae)
Authors: Khalaji-Pirbalouty Valiallah , Fatemi Yaser , Malek-Hosseini Mohammad Javad , Kuntner Matjaž
Published: June 2018

A new stenasellid isopod is described from Tashan Cave, Khuzestan Province, south-west Iran, belonging to the genusStenasellusDollfus, 1897. The first recorded species of Stenasellidae from Iran,Stenasellustashanicussp. n., is diagnosed by the presence of antennae with a minute squama bearing paired, long, robust setae; a maxilliped endite with six coupling hooks; and slender appendix masculina with an acute apex. A revised generic diagnosis is provided with a key to the six known western AsianStenasellusspecies.
Morphological and molecular data reveal a new genus of the tribe Issini from Southern China (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Issidae)
Authors: Wang Menglin , Shi Aimin , Bourgoin Thierry
Published: June 2018

A new genusSinonissusgen. n.of the tribe Issini (Issidae, Issinae) with a new speciesSinonissusbrunetussp. n.from Chongqing municipality and Sichuan Province, China are described. Barcode of the species is provided. A molecular analysis combined with morphological characters confirms its placement into the Issini. Distribution of this new genus in the Oriental realm is briefly discussed in regard of other Issinae taxa in China.
Le bachelor Jeune Entrepreneur de l’EM Strasbourg : apprendre par l’action et en équipe
Authors: Bourachnikova Olga , Haller Coralie , Paulus Odile
Published: June 2018

Le Bachelor Jeune Entrepreneur (BJE) de l’EM Strasbourg est un cursus en trois ans inspiré de la Team Academy , école d’entrepreneuriat créée en 1993 au sein de l’Université de Jyväskylä, en Finlande. La pédagogie est fondée sur l’apprentissage par l’action, le travail en équipe et le développement du leadership. La création d’entreprise par les étudiants n’est pas visée comme un objectif en soi mais elle reste une conséquence probable.
L’échec des États-Unis dans le Nord-Est syrien : quand la géopolitique oublie le local
Authors: Balanche Fabrice
Published: June 2018

Si l’on tente de décrypter la stratégie encore floue des États-Unis au nord-est de la Syrie, il s’avère d’ores et déjà que la question d’un engagement limité ( leading from behind ) se heurte à une méconnaissance des dynamiques locales et des acteurs sur le terrain, notamment les Kurdes du PYD et les tribus arabes. Ce territoire stratégique, riche en ressources, sera au cœur des évolutions du conflit dans les prochains mois.
La Syrie dans la tête d’Ahmet Davutoğlu
Authors: Josseran Tancrède
Published: June 2018

Plus qu’un politique, Ahmet Davutoǧlu est d’abord un homme d’idées. Dans ses écrits, l’ancien Premier ministre turc développe la thèse d’un couple turco-syrien victime d’une même lobotomie : la chute de l’Empire ottoman aurait tracé des frontières aussi artificielles qu’injustes. Ces conceptions expliquent la politique d’Ankara en Syrie et son échec final.
Syrie : la poudrière du nord
Authors: Nasr Wassim
Published: June 2018

Malgré le maintien de l’État central, le théâtre syrien témoigne de la pérennisation de l’influence d’acteurs non étatiques : un morcèlement sans fin des factions rebelles et jihadistes et une mosaïque de milices de plus en plus complexe, sans oublier le YPG kurde. Le journaliste tente ici de dresser un tableau non exhaustif des principaux groupes aujourd’hui actifs dans le nord syrien et des implications de leur présence à moyen et long termes.
L’union du droit à la protection des données à caractère personnel et du droit à la vie privée
Authors: Clément-Fontaine Mélanie
Published: June 2018

Le droit à la vie privée et la protection des données à caractère personnel se complètent du fait de l’avènement de l’informatique, puis de la généralisation du numérique. La reconnaissance d’un droit à la protection des données personnelles en Europe vient en réalité muscler le droit à la vie privée, au détriment de la liberté d’expression et du droit à l’information. Le droit à la protection des données à caractère personnel ne peut se comprendre qu’à l’aune du droit à la vie privée. Le lien qui unit la protection de la vie privée et la protection des données à caractère personnel est consacré par les textes et la jurisprudence. Mais le RGPD distend quelque peu ce lien, car le droit à la vie privée ne fait pas l’objet d’une réception distincte des autres droits et libertés fondamentaux. Il faut probablement y voir la consécration officielle d’un droit autonome à la protection des données à caractère personnel, même si l’esprit du règlement conforte ce lien au même titre que la jurisprudence. D’ailleurs, celui-ci réapparait dans le RGPD par la consécration d’un droit à l’oubli, alors même qu’il génère des réactions ambivalentes tant il apparaît comme une réponse parfois indispensable, parfois excessive.
Diagnosis and Evaluation of Eating Disorders in the Pediatric Patient
Authors: Sacco Briana , Kelley Urszula
Published: June 2018

Recognizing eating disorders in the pediatric population can be challenging for outpatient providers. With the high prevalence of these disorders in children and adolescents, it is critical that pediatricians recognize these disorders and connect these children and families with available treatments. This article provides a review of the current diagnostic criteria for pica, rumination disorder, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, avoidant restrictive food intake disorder, binge-eating disorder, other specified feeding or eating disorder, and unspecified feeding or eating disorder as described in
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
, fifth edition. Recommendations for initial medical evaluation and helpful screening measures are discussed.

[
Pediatr Ann.
2018;47(6):e244–e249.]
Les TIC dans les TPE
Authors: Jullien Nicolas , Trémenbert Jocelyne
Published: June 2018

L’article de Jocelyne Trémenbert et de Nicolas Jullien présente les résultats d’une enquête réalisée auprès des entreprises artisanales de Bretagne sur leurs relations aux TIC (enquête par téléphone, 2 500 réponses, entre mai et juin 2006).Les facteurs expliquant l’équipement (et le non équipement) en objets TIC dans ces TPE sont étudiés. Après avoir présenté une typologie de ces entreprises fondée sur leurs caractéristiques d!équipements et d!usages, il est démontré, par une ana- lyse économétrique (Logit) que les facteurs individuels (par exemple compétences de l’artisan) sont plus déterminants que les facteurs économiques (secteurs couverts, etc.) dans le choix de s’équiper.
Sensibilisation aux coûts et conséquences du spam
Authors: Dagorn Nathalie
Published: June 2018

Cet article a pour but de sensibiliser le manager à l’ampleur et à la gravité du phénomène actuel du spam. Après avoir présenté les principales caractéristiques de cette problématique, l’article met en lumière les coûts directs et indirects du spam pour les organisations. Les récentes approches organisationnelles, technologiques et juridiques destinées à inhiber le spam sont exposées. En annexe, une étude pratique menée en avril 2009 auprès de trois organisations représentatives de différents contextes d’exposition au spam, confirme les coûts estimés et montre l’importance de l’application de « meilleures pratiques » managériales et de sécurité dans ce contexte.
Dynamics of Tifton 85 pasture (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers) over seeded with cool season species, under continuous grazing
Authors: Silva Viviane Santos da , Bronadani Ivan Luiz , Alves Filho Dari Celestino , Paula Perla Cordeiro de , Martini Ana Paula Machado , Moura Amanda Farias de
Published: June 2018

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of oat or ryegrass over seeding on the productive characteristics and morphological composition of Tifton85 grass under continuous grazing. The three studied treatments were: Oat + Tifton85, Ryegrass + Tifton85 and Tifton85, distributed in a completely randomized design, constituting four replications of area per treatment. The Ryegrass + Tifton85 treatment presented a forage mass 27% superior to the Oat + Tifton85 treatment. The leaf percentage of Tifton85 was superior for the treatment Oat + Tifton85 (41%), while the percentage of stem + sheath was superior in the treatment Ryegrass + Tifton85 (64%). There was a higher percentage of Tifton85 leaves in the treatment Oat + Tifton85, while the Ryegrass + Tifton85 treatment presented a higher proportion of the stem + sheath constituent. Overfeeding species of temperate climate has proven to be a viable alternative, since it potentiates the weight gain of animals without damaging the productive re-establishment of Tifton85.
Hay Tifton 85 grass under nitrogen doses in different days of regrowth
Authors: Andrade Weudes Rodrigues , Sales Eleuza Clarete Junqueira de , Monção Flávio Pinto , Gomes Virgílio Mesquita , Rufino Leidy Darmony de Almeida , Pires Daniel Ananias de Assis
Published: June 2018

The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield, nutritional value and potential ruminal degradation of Tifton 85 hay (Cynodon spp.) harvested at four regrowth ages (28, 35, 42 and 49 days) and fertilized with two nitrogen doses (N; 100 and 300 kg N ha-1). The experimental design was a randomized block design, arranged in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with six replications each. Nitrogen fertilization increased (p < 0.05) dry matter yield and digestible dry matter production of hay and also lignin and crude protein contents. Nitrogen fertilization increased (p < 0.01) the dry matter yield and the digestible dry matter production of hay, as well as lignin (p = 0.01) and crude protein (p = 0.01). The neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (p = 0.01), acid detergent fiber (p = 0.01) and cellulose (p = 0.02) adjusted to the quadratic function regression model of the regrowth ages. For potential rumen degradability hay, it was observed quadratic effect (p = 0.01) with maximum value of 73.1% at 37 days of regrowth. Tifton 85 hay fertilized with 300 kg ha -1 of N and harvested up to 37 days of regrowth results in higher hay dry matter yield, higher crude protein content, and better dry matter rumen degradability.
Performance and carcass yield of female broilers fed with diets containing probiotics and symbiotics as an alternative to growth enhancers
Authors: Silva Gabriela Viana da , Machado Noédson De Jesus Beltrao , Freitas Leonardo Willian de , Lima Marcos Fábio de , Luchese Rosa Helena
Published: June 2018

An experiment was carried out with female broilers, aiming to evaluate the effect of using probiotics and symbiotics on growth performance and yield of carcasses and of the main commercial cuts and edible viscera. A total of 720 one-day-old Cobb chicks, distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with four treatments and six replicates of 30 birds each at a stocking density of 10 birds per square meter (m2). At 42 days old two broilers of each experimental unit were sacrificed to evaluate the carcass yield and its parts. The carcass yield was not affected by the inclusion of probiotics and symbiotics in the diet being equivalent to the antibiotic group. No significant difference was observed among the treatments, even in the controls that did not receive any additive factor. All the performance parameters were similar for the four treatments, with the exception of weight gain, that was significantly lower in probiotic treatment. It was concluded that these additives are important alternative to replace antibiotics as growth enhancers, which have already been banned in many countries.
Da interação à interlocução discursiva: a subjetivação do leitor em comentários de blogs de divulgação científica
Authors: Cortes Gerenice Ribeiro de Oliveira
Published: June 2018

Neste artigo, analisamos a interlocução discursiva instituída no discurso de divulgação científica do ScienceBlogs Brasil. O estudo filia-se teoricamente aos pressupostos da Análise do discurso: Pêcheux ([1975] 2009, [1969] 2010a), Orlandi (2004, 2011, 2012), Grigoletto (2011), Indursky (2013), entre outros. O corpus foi constituído por comentários publicados pelos leitores dos blogs. Os resultados mostram que uma tensão é instaurada, pois o leitor, inscrito no lugar discursivo de autor, ocupa distintas posições-sujeito, as quais se confrontam com a posição-sujeito que lhe é projetada, qual seja, a de consumidor de informações científicas. Assim, no processo discursivo, instaura-se a falha no ritual através da passagem da interação, imposta ao leitor do blog, para a interlocução discursiva.
A nominalização deverbal em cartilhas de agências reguladoras do Estado: de como a gramática produz efeitos de autoridade e não-negociação
Authors: Cunha Gustavo Ximenes , Oliveira Ana Larissa Adorno Marciotto , Picinin Rafael Vinícius De Carvalho
Published: June 2018

O objetivo central deste estudo é analisar o emprego de nominalizações deverbais em cartilhas produzidas por agências reguladoras do Estado. Partimos da hipótese de que, no texto escrito, especialmente no âmbito oficial, o uso das nominalizações deverbais sofre o impacto das condições de produção do discurso e, por isso, merece análise específica. Foram analisadas 10 cartilhas produzidas por agências reguladoras brasileiras, nas quais foi identificado um número significativo de instâncias nominalizadas. Do ponto de vista de sua estrutura argumental nominal, o estudo identificou as ocorrências de apagamento de elementos dessa estrutura, bem como analisou como esses elementos são recuperados, o que, em geral, é feito via fluxo discursivo. Com relação à análise das nominalizações como instâncias de metáforas gramaticais, estas são entendidas aqui como fenômenos produzidos no sistema de transitividade hallidayiano. Esse uso propiciou uma maior densidade lexical dos textos analisados. Esse aspecto contribuiu para elevar o caráter objetivo e supostamente neutro dos acontecimentos, ou fatos, aos quais as cartilhas se referem. Os resultados indicaram também que as nominalizações deverbais configuram-se como recursos importantes para que as cartilhas cumpram a finalidade de impor ao leitor a aceitação de pressupostos não-negociáveis, veiculados por estas em sua função oficial.
Representações sobre a língua portuguesa e sua promoção no mundo por futuros profissionais da Educação em formação
Authors: Sá Cristina Manuela , Silva Maria Cristina Vieira da , Macário Maria João Bártolo
Published: June 2018

A constante mutação característica da sociedade do séc. XXI exige um modelo de educação centrado no desenvolvimento de competências. A proficiente comunicação oral e escrita faz parte dessas competências essenciais e deve ser promovida através do ensino ‘de’ e ‘em’ Português. Neste contexto, cabe igualmente a reflexão sobre as representações da língua portuguesa (LP) que advêm da forma como esta é ensinada/aprendida. Daí que uma equipa de um laboratório de investigação esteja a promover estudos exploratórios sobre esta problemática, visando traçar um perfil dos estudantes (em formação inicial e pós-graduada) e, a partir desse conhecimento, encontrar estratégias para alterar as suas representações sobre a LP, o que se irá refletir nas representações dos seus futuros alunos. Adotou-se uma metodologia de índole qualitativa associada ao estudo de caso, recorrendo-se ao inquérito por questionário para a recolha de dados, que foram objeto de análise de conteúdo. Este artigo refere-se a um estudo exploratório tendo por informantes futuros profissionais da Educação a frequentar o 1.º ano de uma licenciatura em Educação Básica, que revelaram representações sobre a LP demasiado presas à sua origem geográfica e lacunas quanto à sua variação pouco compatíveis com a inserção numa sociedade multicultural e plurilingue do séc. XXI.
Acute Sport-Related Concussion Screening for Collegiate Athletes Using an Instrumented Balance Assessment
Authors: Baracks Joshua , Casa Douglas J. , Covassin Tracey , Sacko Ryan , Scarneo Samantha E. , Schnyer David , Yeargin Susan W. , Neville Christopher
Published: June 2018

Context: 

Without a true criterion standard assessment, the sport-related concussion (SRC) diagnosis remains subjective. Inertial balance sensors have been proposed to improve acute SRC assessment, but few researchers have studied their clinical utility.

Objective: 

To determine if group differences exist when using objective measures of balance in a sample of collegiate athletes with recent SRCs and participants serving as the control group and to calculate sensitivity and specificity to determine the diagnostic utility of the inertial balance sensor for acute SRC injuries.

Design: 

Cross-sectional cohort study.

Setting: 

Multicenter clinical trial.

Patients or Other Participants: 

We enrolled 48 participants with SRC (age = 20.62 ± 1.52 years, height = 179.76 ± 10.00 cm, mass = 83.92 ± 23.22 kg) and 45 control participants (age = 20.85 ± 1.42 years, height = 177.02 ± 9.59 cm, mass = 74.61 ± 14.92 kg) at 7 clinical sites in the United States. All were varsity or club collegiate athletes, and all participants with SRC were tested within 72 hours of SRC.

Main Outcome Measure(s): 

Balance performance was assessed using an inertial balance sensor. Two measures (root mean square sway and 95% ellipse sway area) were analyzed to represent a range of general balance measures. Balance assessments were conducted in double-legged, single-legged, and tandem stances.

Results: 

A main effect for group was associated with the root mean square sway measure (F1,91 = 11.75, P = .001), with the SRC group demonstrating balance deficits compared with the control group. We observed group differences in the 95% ellipse sway area measure for the double-legged (F1,91 = 11.59, P = .001), single-legged (F1,91 = 6.91, P = .01), and tandem (F1,91 = 7.54, P = .007) stances. Sensitivity was greatest using a cutoff value of 0.5 standard deviations (54% [specificity = 71%]), whereas specificity was greatest using a cutoff value of 2 standard deviations (98% [sensitivity = 33%]).

Conclusions: 

Inertial balance sensors may be useful tools for objectively measuring balance during acute SRC evaluation. However, low sensitivity suggests that they may be best used in conjunction with other assessments to form a comprehensive screening that may improve sensitivity.
‘Stepping into the painting’: Franz Marc, Mary Oliver and the ekphrastic process
Authors: Ullyatt Tony
Published: June 2018

This article discusses Mary Oliver’s poem, ‘Franz Marc’s Blue Horses’, as an ekphrastic poem. More specifically, the discussion opens with a brief overview aimed at an understanding of ekphrasis to show how its development through the centuries has altered definitions of what constitutes ekphrasis and how these fresh understandings have broadened its possibilities for the modern poet. Siglind Bruhn’s ideas about the three stages of the ekphrastic process are then outlined. They trace the steps a poet has to follow in order to produce an ekphrastic poem; they follow consecutively, with the second depending on the first, and the third depending on the second. Understanding this process enables readers to appreciate the ways in which Oliver adheres to, or diverts from, it in producing her poem about Franz Marc. The discussion turns to Hans Lund’s typology of the various verbal and visual relationships in ekphrasis that are open to the poet. His typology helps readers to consider answers to the following questions: what elements of the artwork does the poet make use of, and which does she exclude? In what ways are these elements deployed in the creation of her verbal text? And in broader terms, what is the nature of visual and verbal relationship in this particular poem? How tentative might that relationship be? After a description of Franz Marc’s painting, The Tower of Blue Horses, as an Expressionist artwork, the discussion moves on to Mary Oliver ’s poem. The text is conceptualised as Oliver ’s ‘script’ as it takes up Stephen Cheeke’s suggestion ‘to imagine what happens next’ after the poet’s initial interface with the stasis of the artwork’s pregnant moment. The article modifies the frequently used metaphor of the painting as a single frame from a film, replacing the solitary frame with the idea of a single scene as more credible metaphorically, the scene itself being divided into several segments reflecting the poem’s structure. Thus, the punctum temporis (or pregnant moment) as a single scene from a film becomes the guiding metaphor of the article. Then, the article argues that Oliver develops her poem as a filmic narrative, offering readers a series of ‘segments’ depicting various aspects of the evolving narrative as she visualises it. These ekphrastic processes are explored in some detail. Reading the poem in a filmic way allows the poet to controvert the implicit stasis of the painting and, through the transmedialisation of the visual to the verbal, to create a dynamic narrative ‘script’, using the poem’s segmented structure, to explore the text’s meaning by offering readers a vivid evocation of her experience of Marc’s painting.
On-Highway Equipment Control and Communication Network
Authors:   Truck Bus Control and Communications Network Committee
Published: June 2018

SAE J1939-1 On-Highway Equipment Control and Communication Network specifies the minimum set of SAE J1939 documents that define the Truck and Bus Control and Communications Vehicle Network as it applies to on-highway equipment. Vehicles covered include all on-highway straight trucks and combination vehicles. A combination vehicle consists of one towing vehicle (tractor) and one or more towed vehicles (trailers and dollies). Dolly axles within the road train are considered to be towed vehicles.
Phenotypic analysis of milk coagulation properties and mineral content of Pinzgauer cattle breed
Authors: Manuelian Carmen L. , Penasa Mauro , Visentin Giulio , Cassandro Martino , De Marchi Massimo
Published: June 2018

Abstract. This study aimed to characterize milk coagulation properties (rennet
coagulation time, curd-firming time and curd firmness 30 min after rennet
addition to milk) and major mineral contents (Ca, Mg, P, K and Na) in
Pinzgauer dual-purpose cattle breed. The edited dataset consisted of
7763 milk observations from 851 cows reared in 60 herds in the Alpine area of
Bolzano province (Italy). Data were analysed through a linear mixed model
which included stage of lactation, parity and their interaction as fixed
effects, and cow and herd test date as random effects. Rennet coagulation
time, curd-firming time and curd firmness 30 min after rennet addition to
milk averaged 22.66 min, 5.53 min and 16.79 mm, respectively. The most
abundant minerals were P (1495 mg kg−1) and Ca (1344 mg kg−1),
and the least abundant Mg (141 mg kg−1). Compared to their older
contemporaries, early-lactating younger animals yielded milk that was more
favourable for cheese production (i.e. with shorter coagulation time and
stronger curd firmness). Mineral contents were lower in milk of primiparous
than multiparous cows, except for Na. Moreover, Ca, Mg, P and Na contents
decreased from parturition to peak of lactation and increased thereafter,
except for K, which exhibited an opposite trend. Our results showed that
Pinzgauer breed produced milk with better coagulation properties and mineral
content, from a technological point of view, in first than later parities and
in early than late lactation. The characterization of milk coagulation
properties and mineral content in autochthonous breeds is important to
increase their value and marketability of their products.
Body condition status at mating affects gestation length, offspring yield and return rate in ewes
Authors: Cam Mehmet Akif , Garipoglu Ali Vaiz , Kirikci Koray
Published: June 2018

Abstract. The present study was planned to determine the effect of ewe
body condition score (BCS) and parities on fertility, return rate, gestation
length, fecundity, litter size and lamb birth weight. Data were collected
from 284 heads of ewes with first to fifth parity and raised at a state farm
for three consecutive (2002–2004) years. Teaser rams were used to monitor
estrus twice daily in the morning and in the evening from September to
October. BCSs and body weights (BWs) were recorded at mating and postpartum.
The ewes, at mating time in breeding season and within first 6 h after the
expulsion of fetal membranes, were divided into four groups on the basis of
their BCS: thin (BCS = ≤ 2.0; n=70; 38), medium
(BCS = 2.5–3.0; n=122; 142), fat (BCS = 3.5–4.0; n=72; 59) and
very fat (BCS = ≥ 4.5; n= 20;17). BCSs and BWs of ewes at
postpartum were highly correlated with lamb birth weight (R=0.486,
P < 0.01, and R=0.130, P < 0.05, respectively). BCSs and BWs of
ewes at postpartum had positive effects on lamb birth weight
(Y=3.43 ± 0.10 + 0.130 + 0.047 ewe body condition score
(EBCS), P < 0.01;
Y= 2.92 ± 0.42 + 0.018 ± 0.009 ewe body weight
(EBW), P < 0.05 kg of lamb birth weight
per BCS and kilogram of ewe live weight, respectively). The fertility rate,
litter size and fecundity were higher in the medium and fat groups than thin
and very fat groups (χ2= 10.607, P < 0.01). The BW and BCS at
postpartum affected gestation length positively (P < 0.05). Return rate
or number of coitus for conception were higher (P < 0.05) in thin and
very fat groups than medium and fat groups. The data revealed that the ewes
with medium and fat body condition (BCS = 2.5–4.0) scores were
profitable.
Microbial decomposition processes and vulnerable Arctic soil organic carbon in the 21st century
Authors: Zha Junrong , Zhuang Qianlai
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Inadequate representation of biogeochemical processes in current biogeochemistry models results in a large uncertainty in carbon budget quantification. Here, detailed microbial mechanisms were incorporated into a process-based biogeochemistry model, the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM). Ensemble regional simulations with the model estimated the Arctic ecosystem carbon budget is 76.0 ± 114.8 Pg C during the 20th century, −3.1 ± 61.7 Pg C under the RCP 2.6 scenario and a sink of 94.7 ± 46 Pg C under the RCP 8.5 scenario during the 21st century. Compared to the estimates using a simpler soil decomposition algorithm in TEM, the new model estimated that the Arctic terrestrial ecosystems stored 12 Pg less carbon over the 20th century, 19 Pg C and 30 Pg C less under the RCP 8.5 and RCP 2.6 scenarios, respectively, during the 21st century. When soil carbon within depths 30 cm, 100 cm and 300 cm was considered as initial carbon in the 21st century simulations, the region was estimated to accumulate 65.4, 88.6, and 109.8 Pg C, respectively, under the RCP 8.5 scenario. In contrast, under the RCP 2.6 scenario, the region lost 0.7, 2.2, and 3 Pg C, respectively, to the atmosphere. We conclude that the future regional carbon budget evaluation largely depends on whether or not the adequate microbial activities are represented in earth system models and the sizes of soil carbon considered in model simulations.
Potential for phenol biodegradation in cloud water
Authors: Lallement Audrey , Beasury Ludovic , Texier Elise , Sancelme Martine , Amato Pierre , Vinatier Virginie , Canet Isabelle , Polyakova Olga V. , Artaev Viatcheslay B. , Lebedev Albert T. , Deguillaume Laurent , Mailhot Gilles , Delort Anne-Marie
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Phenol is particularly toxic and can be found in many environments, in particular in the atmosphere due to its high volatility. It can be emitted directly from manufacturing processes or natural sources, and it can also result from benzene oxidation. Although phenol biodegradation by microorganisms has been studied in many environments, the cloud medium has not been investigated yet as the discovery of active microorganisms in cloud is rather recent. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the potential degradation of phenol by cloud microorganisms. Phenol concentrations were measured by GC-MS on five cloud samples collected at the PUY station: they ranged from 0.15 to 0.74 µg L−1. The strategy for investigating its potential biodegradation involved a metatranscriptomic analysis and metabolic screening of bacterial isolates from cloud water collected at the PUY station (summit of puy de Dôme , 1465 m a.s.l., France) for phenol degradation capabilities. Among prokaryotic messenger RNA enriched metatranscriptomes obtained from 3 cloud water samples, we detected transcripts of genes coding for enzymes involved in phenol degradation (phenol monooxygenases and phenol hydroxylases) and its main degradation product, catechol (catechol 1.2-dioxygenases). These enzymes were likely from Gamma-Proteobacteria, a dominant class in clouds, more specifically the genera Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas. Bacterial isolates from cloud water samples (Pseudomonas spp., Rhodococcus spp. and strains from the Moraxellaceae family) were screened for their ability to degrade phenol: 93 % of the 145 strains tested were positive. These findings highlight the possibility of phenol degradation by microorganisms in clouds.
Study of different magneto-optic materials for current sensing applications
Authors: Kumari Sarita , Chakraborty Sarbani
Published: June 2018

Abstract. This article
discusses the properties of different diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials
for a basic current/magnetic field sensor system set up with different
relative orientations of analyzers and polarizers. The paper analyzes
linearity ranges of different materials and their sensitivity for different
wavelengths. Terbium doped glass (TDG), terbium gallium garnet (TGG), doped
TGG and dense flint glass materials are used for analysis based on Faraday's
rotation principle. TGG shows high Faraday rotation, temperature stability
and high optical quality. Three ranges of the magnetic field have been chosen
for performance analysis. The study reveals that doping of praseodymium
(Pr3+) on TGG exhibits a better response at 532 nm as well as
1064 nm wavelengths than TGG. At 632.8 nm wavelength, cerium
(Ce3+) doped terbium aluminum garnet (TAG) ceramic exhibits better
resolution than others. The study has been done for performance analysis of
different MO sensors applicable for measurement of various process parameters
like current, displacement, and magnetic field.
How efficient and productive are co-operatives in Indonesia? Empirical evidence from data envelopment analysis
Authors: Hasan Ishak , Azhari A. , Abd. Majid M. Shabri
Published: June 2018

Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia positioned co-operative as a pillar and backbone of the national economy. To optimally function as the pillar and backbone of the economy, the co-operatives should be managed efficiently and productively. Considering their pivotal roles in the Indonesian economy, this study is aimed at empirically measuring efficiency and productivity of the co-operatives across 33 provinces nationwide. Three inputs (i.e., own capital, external financing, and board size) and one output (co-operative surplus) over the period 2010-2015 are analyzed using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) with Malmquist Index. The study documented that the co-operatives were highly inefficient, indicated by the average level of inefficiency of 47.6%. Out of the co-operatives in 33 provinces, 42.42% were found to record efficiency level of less than 50% and only 12.12% of them were fully efficient. In addition, the study also documented that, of 33 provinces, only the co-operatives in 14 provinces were found to experience an increase in their total factor productivity. The co-operatives in the province of East Nusa Tenggara recorded the highest productivity progress by 49.9%, while the co-operative in the province of Bangka Belitung recorded the highest productivity regress by -24.4%. Overall, the productivity level of the co-operatives only slightly increased by 9.9% over the study period nationwide, which was mainly contributed by an increase in technical efficiency. These findings implied that to further enhance the productivity level of the co-operatives, improving their pure efficiency should be prioritized, followed by enhancing their scale efficiency and technical efficiency. The co-operatives should provide regular training for their staff, professional management, adopt advanced technology, and enlarge their size by merging small co-operatives become a larger entity.
A Case Study About Accelerating Expansion of Restaurants Industry in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Bouznif Maroua M. , AlMudbel Jawahir , Almarshed Shadden , Ben Ajmi Ibtissem Mohamed
Published: June 2018

Restaurants have recently witnessed a fast growth in Saudi Arabia. Though this growth considers being relatively recent, it is widely observed by everyone. This case study illustrates the progress of restaurants in Saudi Arabia, factors influencing restaurants expansion, some strategic and tactical issues in managing restaurants, restaurants classification. Besides, it describes the key players’ restaurants, presents some new trends and challenges attached to their growth and finally where the restaurants are heading to.
Corporate Reporting of Other Comprehensive Income
Authors: Mulford Charles , Babinets Anna
Published: June 2018

In this study, we examine the annual report filings of S&P 100 companies that report other comprehensive income/(loss) over the three-year period of 2013-2015. We seek to gain a deeper understanding of the components of other comprehensive income and to determine if there is a systematic tendency for companies to include more gains or losses in other comprehensive income. Further, we seek to determine which components of other comprehensive income show more unexpected losses than gains and what impact other comprehensive income gains and losses may have on future earnings.We find a systematic tendency for firms to report more losses than gains in other comprehensive income, both in frequency and amount. This result is especially true for investment-related gains and losses, where managements have more discretion in the timing of gain and loss recognition.In terms of their impact on future earnings, we find that 43 companies in the S&P 100 reclassified some component of accumulated other comprehensive income gains and losses to net income over the period 2013- 2015, highlighting the observation that other comprehensive income gains and losses are, in effect, future elements of net income. These results remind analysts and investors that net income does not tell the entire story of a firm’s financial performance. Beyond users of financial statements, regulators, such as the FASB and SEC, may want to reconsider whether items of other comprehensive income should be included in net income.
Transitional Local Governance and Minority Political Participation in Post War Sri Lanka
Authors: McIntosh Esther M.
Published: June 2018

In 2011, two years after the end of Sri Lanka’s bitter civil war that spanned three decades, there were more than 600,000  Tamil minority citizens in the country’s Northern Province eligible to vote in local government elections, which took place for the first time since 1998 . The Sri Lankan Tamils, the country’s largest minority group, make up 15.9% of the total population and are geographically concentrated in the northern province where they make up 93% of the population. The northern province looms large in the contemporary socio-political history of Sri Lanka. It was not only the physical battleground between the state’s army and the Liberation Tigers for Tamil Eelam (LTTE), but is symbolic of an ideational clash about how the state should deal with ethnic difference (De Silva 1996; Uyangoda 2007).  The defeat of the secessionist LTTE which formerly administered  parts of the northern province combine with the state’s preference for a unitary and centralized structure, suggests that it is now in the realist parameters of decentralized local spaces that the elected representatives of Tamil minorities must realize the ideals of local self-government, facilitate the complex needs of minority citizens and engage the Sinhalese-Buddhist nation state. This paper analyses several key acts, the National Policy on Local Government (2009) combined with secondary and empirical research to explore the political underpinnings of decentralization. It argues that understanding the multiple and complex ways in which minority citizens interact with, and participate in, political processes is fundamental to understanding the practice of local representation and self-government at the sub-national level, and within the wider polity of post war Sri Lanka. It contributes to the paucity of empirical research on post-conflict local governance transitions (Shou and Haug 2005, Jackson and Scott, 2006).