bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A three-dimensional variational data assimilation system for aerosol optical properties based on WRF-Chem: design, development, and application of assimilating Himawari-8 aerosol observations
Authors: Wang Daichun , You Wei , Zang Zengliang , Pan Xiaobin , Hu Yiwen , Liang Yanfei
Published: September 2021

Abstract. This paper presents a three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) data assimilation (DA) system for aerosol optical properties, including aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals and lidar-based aerosol profiles, which was developed for the Model for Simulating Aerosol Interactions and Chemistry (MOSAIC) within the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled to Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model. For computational efficiency, 32 model variables in the MOSAIC_4bin scheme are lumped into 20 aerosol state variables that are representative of mass concentrations in the DA system. To directly assimilate aerosol optical properties, an observation operator based on the Mie scattering theory was employed, which was obtained by simplifying the optical module in WRF-Chem. The tangent linear (TL) and adjoint (AD) operators were then established and passed the TL/AD sensitivity test. The Himawari-8 derived aerosol optical thickness (AOT) data were assimilated to validate the system and investigate the effects of assimilation on both AOT and PM2.5 simulations. Two comparative experiments were performed with a cycle of 24 h from November 23 to 29, 2018, during which a heavy air pollution event occurred in North China. The DA performances of the model simulation were evaluated against independent aerosol observations, including the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) AOT and surface PM2.5 measurements. The results show that Himawari-8 AOT assimilation can significantly improve model AOT analyses and forecasts. Generally, the control experiments without assimilation seriously underestimated AOTs compared with observed values and were therefore unable to describe real aerosol pollution. The analysis fields closer to observations improved AOT simulations, indicating that the system successfully assimilated AOT observations into the model. In terms of statistical metrics, assimilating Himawari-8 AOTs only limitedly improved PM2.5 analyses in the inner simulation domain (D02); however, the positive effect can last for over 24 h. Assimilation effectively enlarged the underestimated PM2.5 concentrations to be closer to the real distribution in North China, which is of great value for studying heavy air pollution events
Stable climate simulations using a realistic GCM with neural network parameterizations for atmospheric moist physics and radiation processes
Authors: Wang Xin , Han Yilun , Xue Wei , Yang Guangwen , Zhang Guang J.
Published: September 2021

Abstract. In climate models, subgrid parameterizations of convection and cloud are one of the main reasons for the biases in precipitation and atmospheric circulation simulations. In recent years, due to the rapid development of data science, Machine learning (ML) parameterizations for convection and clouds have been proven the potential to perform better than conventional parameterizations. At present, most of the existing studies are on aqua-planet and idealized models, and the problems of simulated instability and climate drift still exist. In realistic configurated models, developing a machine learning parameterization scheme remains a challenging task. In this study, a group of deep residual multilayer perceptrons with strong nonlinear fitting ability is designed to learn a parameterization scheme from cloud-resolving model outputs. Multi-target training is achieved to best balance the fits across diverse neural network outputs. The optimal machine learning parameterization, named NN-Parameterization, is further chosen among feasible candidates for both high performance and long-term simulation. The results show that NN-Parameterization performs well in multi-year climate simulations and reproduces reasonable climatology and climate variability in a general circulation model (GCM), with a running speed of about 30 times faster than the cloud-resolving model embedded Superparameterizated GCM. Under real geographical boundary conditions, the hybrid ML-physical GCM well simulates the spatial distribution of precipitation and significantly improves the frequency of precipitation extremes, which is largely underestimated in the Community Atmospheric Model version 5 (CAM5) with the horizontal resolution of 1.9° × 2.5°. Furthermore, the hybrid ML-physical GCM simulates a stronger signal of the Madden-Julian oscillation with a more reasonable propagation speed, which is too weak and propagates too fast in CAM5. This study is a pioneer to achieve multi-year stable climate simulations using a hybrid ML-physical GCM in actual land-ocean boundary conditions. It demonstrates the emerging potential for using machine learning parameterizations in climate simulations.
Layered seawater intrusion and melt under grounded ice
Authors: Robel Alexander A. , Wilson Earle , Seroussi Helene
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Increasing melt of ice sheets at their floating or vertical interface with the ocean is a major driver of marine ice sheet retreat and sea level rise. However, the extent to which warm, salty seawater may drive melting under the grounded portions of ice sheets is still not well understood. Previous work has explored the possibility that dense seawater intrudes beneath relatively light subglacial freshwater discharge, similar to the salt wedge observed in many estuarine systems. In this study, we develop a generalized theory of layered seawater intrusion under grounded ice, including where subglacial hydrology occurs as a macroporous water sheet over impermeable beds or as microporous Darcy flow through permeable till. Using predictions from this theory, we show that seawater intrusion over hard beds may feasibly occur up to tens of kilometers upstream of a glacier terminus or grounding line. On the other hand, seawater is unlikely to intrude more than tens of meters through subglacial till. High-resolution simulations using the Ice-Sheet and Sea-Level System Model (ISSM) show that even just a few hundred meters of basal melt caused by seawater intrusion upstream of marine ice sheet grounding lines can cause projections of marine ice sheet volume loss to be 10–50 % higher or 100 % higher for kilometers of intrusion-induced basal melt. These results suggest that further observational, experimental and numerical investigations are needed to determine whether the conditions under which extensive seawater intrusion occurs and whether it will indeed drive rapid marine ice sheet retreat and sea level rise in the future.
Understanding and Assessing Construct Validity of the Social Provisions Scale: Implications for Youth Development
Authors: Osmane Sarah , Brennan Mark , Dolan Patrick
Published: September 2021

Confirmatory factor analysis using structural equation modeling was used to measure the construct validity of the increasingly utilized social provisions scale. This scale was used to measure social support sources and types among a sample of 421 youth from 4 Pennsylvania schools. The youth were surveyed to determine their levels of social support and the relationship of social support to community and youth development capacities. Research findings indicated an acceptable model fit indices for the sources of the social support model. A lower fit for the types of social support was found. Overall, the analysis further verified the reliability and validity of the social provisions scale. With this information, youth practitioners can better measure and assess social support and use the social provisions scale to tailor youth development programs to individual and group needs.
L'ENSEIGNEMENT DE LA STATISTIQUE: EN PREMIER LIEU, L'APPRENANT
Authors: BIHAN-POUDEC ALAIN
Published: September 2021

Depuis plus de trente ans, l’enseignement de la statistique œuvre pour une « pédagogie de la proximité ». Or, si cette dernière semble amener une meilleure réussite, elle ne garantit guère la compréhension des notions statistiques. À partir de l’analyse d’une expérience menée par Gattuso et Mary (2003, 2005), et d’une observation menée par l’auteur, est mis en avant le phénomène d’« isolation cognitive ». Ce dernier souligne l’importance de la conception que se font les apprenants de la statistique. Les travaux de Reid et Petocz (2002) corroborent cela et permettent d’entrevoir la nécessité d’une perturbation exogène à l’apprentissage pour que ce dernier se réalise pleinement. Il s’en dégage pour la recherche sur l’enseignement de la statistique que les méthodes qualitatives y ont toute leur place, y compris comme opportunité d’en renouveler l’objet.
First published November 2010 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
STATISTICAL EDUCATION: FOCUSING ON THE LEARNER
Authors: BIHAN-POUDEC ALAIN
Published: September 2021

For over thirty years, statistical education has fought for a “pedagogy of proximity.” But if this seems to bring greater success, it does not guarantee the understanding of statistical concepts. An analysis of an experiment by Gattuso & Mary (2003, 2005), and an observational study made by the author, highlight the phenomenon of “cognitive isolation.” This underlines the importance of the learners’ views of statistics. The work of Reid and Petocz (2002) corroborates this and provides more insight into the necessity of an exogenous disturbance to learning so that it is fully realized. Methodologically, it emerges that qualitative methods have their full place in statistical education research, including as an opportunity to reassess the research objectives.
First published November 2010 at Statistics Education Research Journal: Archives
SERJ 2010 REFEREES
Authors: DELMAS ROBERT , PETOCZ PETER
Published: September 2021

Acknowledgment: We are grateful to the people who acted as referees for the Statistics Education Research Journal in the past year.
First published November 2010 at Statistics Education Research Journal Archives
Un enfoque heurístico para la adquisición de los marcadores del discurso en español
Authors: Landone Elena
Published: September 2021

Las evidencias científicas sobre la adquisición de los marcadores del discurso apuntan a la necesidad de un enfoque en los procesos cognitivos para abordar los retos específicos (como, por ejemplo, la versatilidad funcional) que se plantean en su enseñanza/aprendizaje. Proponemos, para ello, un enfoque funcional y una pedagogía de reflexión dialéctica con los aprendices. Ejemplificamos este enfoque heurístico a través de algunos ejemplos de reflexión consciente en conectores y operadores argumentativos.
The Role of Metonymy in Teaching the Spanish Verbal System to L2/FL Learners of Spanish
Authors: Castañeda Castro Alejandro , Sánchez Cuadrado Adolfo
Published: September 2021

This paper explores the application of conceptual metonymy (Lakoff, 1987; Ruiz de Mendoza, 2000; Langacker, 2009; Panther, Thornburg and Barcelona, 2009; Barcelona, 2013) in the development of pedagogical resources for the teaching of the Spanish verbal system to L2/FL learners. To this end, a description is given of the advantages of introducing inferential reasoning using metonymy based on certain principles taken from the Cognitive Grammar model (Langacker, 1987, 1991, 2000, 2001, 2008, 2009) in grammar teaching materials — both descriptions and activities. We focus on tense uses that involve metonymic processes, particularly, the meaning extensions in two Spanish past tenses: (1) the actional meaning of stative verbs when conveyed in pretérito indefinido (preterit), as in Pudimos comprar la casa 'We could buy the house', metonymically extended to Compramos la casa 'We bought the house'; and (2) the distancing use (uso citativo) of pretérito imperfecto (imperfect) when referring to current facts, as in ¿Cómo te llamabas? (How PRO.REFL.2SG call.IPFV.PST.2SG?) 'What was your name again?', which is metonymically extended to (Se me ha dicho/No recuerdo/No he oído) cómo te llamas [('I have been told/I can't recall/I couldn't hear') how PRO.REFL.2SG call.PRES.2SG]. In order to discuss the kind of contribution that this conceptual standpoint can make to the teaching of the Spanish verbal system, the pedagogical potential of some techniques and resources is explored in terms of (a) metonymic and metaphorical reasoning in pedagogical grammar descriptions, (b) consciousness-raising paraphrase exercises focused on meaning indeterminacy, and (c) network building and the use of (dynamic) images to show variable construals in grammatical meaning
An SLA-Informed and Cognitive Linguistic Approach to the Teaching of L2 Catalan Tense-Aspect
Authors: Comajoan-Colomé Llorenç , Llop Naya Ares
Published: September 2021

This article explores the relationship between second language acquisition and language teaching presenting the design of a teaching sequence on past tenses that integrates the results of research on tense and aspect in a second language (the Aspect and Discourse Hypotheses and Input processing instruction). By implementing the principles of cognitive linguistics, the article presents the design of activities to teach the meanings of perfective, imperfective, and perfect morphology with the introduction of the notions of space of action, verbal action, and the speaker's point of view. All concepts are illustrated with activities implemented in a Catalan classroom at the University of Cardiff (A1 and A2 levels).
Aspectos de la definición lexicográfica de las locuciones
Authors: Boughaba Mohammed
Published: September 2021

La presente contribución aborda varios aspectos relativos a la definición lexicográfica de las locuciones. Además de estudiar los tipos de definición aplicados a esta clase de combinaciones fijas e idiomáticas, trata de comprobar si las locuciones son definidas de la misma manera que los lexemas simples. Asimismo, intenta averiguar si los diccionarios siguen los mismos procedimientos a la hora de definir iguales unidades y cuál es el procedimiento de definición predominante. Para alcanzar tales objetivos, se va a cotejar una serie de diccionarios monolingües, generales y fraseológicos
Research on the Trends and Hot Topics of American Applied Linguistics: Analysis of the Changes of Strands and High-Frequency Words in AAAL Annual Conferences from 1999 to 2019
Authors: Jin 金蓓 Bei , Zhang 张榴琳 Liulin
Published: September 2021

This paper aims to explore the trends and hot topics of American applied linguistics by the content analysis of AAAL annual conferences’ handbooks. Making a diachronic research on topical strands of AAAL Conference from 1999 to 2019, the paper studies the dynamics and the trends of American applied linguistics by analyzing the changes of the strands in the conferences under study in 20 years. Based on self-built corpora of titles and abstracts of the presented papers in 2019 AAAL Annual Conference, high-frequency vocabulary and their collocations are detected by TagCrowd and AntConc in order to find the current hot topics of applied linguistics research. The conclusion is that the development of applied linguistics has speeded up in the past four years. Educational linguistics, corpus linguistics, research methodology, teacher education, lexical research, phonetics/phonology and oral communication are the new trends in this field. The hot words of applied linguistics in 2019 include academic writing, teacher education, Chinese and translanguaging. Finally, the study found that retrospective review study of international conferences could be a new research method in the field of review study, providing scholars with a comprehensive understanding of the discipline dynamics over a period of time
User Satisfaction Reward Estimation Across Domains: Domain-independent Dialogue Policy Learning
Authors: Ultes Stefan , Maier Wolfgang
Published: September 2021

Learning suitable and well-performing dialogue behaviour in statistical spoken dialogue systems has been in the focus of research for many years. While most work that is based on reinforcement learning employs an objective measure like task success for modelling the reward signal, we propose to use a reward signal based on user satisfaction. We propose a novel estimator and show that it outperforms all previous estimators while learning temporal dependencies implicitly. We show in simulated experiments that a live user satisfaction estimation model may be applied resulting in higher estimated satisfaction whilst achieving similar success rates. Moreover, we show that a satisfaction estimation model trained on one domain may be applied in many other domains that cover a similar task. We verify our findings by employing the model to one of the domains for learning a policy from real users and compare its performance to policies using user satisfaction and task success acquired directly from the users as reward.
A multidisciplinaridade no diagnóstico dos tumores do Sistema Nervoso: a neuropatologia
Authors: CHIMELLI Leila
Published: September 2021

O diagnóstico dos tumores cerebrais deve ser integrado, compreendendo o fenótipo das células neoplásicas (histologia), os marcadores imuno-histoquímicos e o perfil molecular, sempre em correlação com os dados clínicos e de imagem. Os gliomas difusos (astrocitoma ou oligodendroglioma) partem do grau II e tendem a progredir para III ou IV. Do ponto de vista molecular, a mutação de IDH (ausente no glioblastoma – grau IV) e a co-deleção 1p 19q (no oligodendroglioma) são sinais de melhor prognóstico. Os gliomas difusos pediátricos hemisféricos de baixo grau relacionados com epilepsia, não tem a mutação do IDH1, são em geral estáveis e podem apresentar alterações do BRAF, MYB, MYBL1 ou FGFR1. No grupo dos malignos, os de linha média (ponte, tálamo e medula espinhal), de prognóstico muito ruim, têm mutação da histona H3.3K27M. Mutações de outras histonas, como a H3. 3G34R/V, relacionam-se com gliomas difusos da infância, mas em outras topografias, como nos hemisférios cerebrais. Os circunscritos (neuronais, gliais ou mistos), em geral em pacientes mais jovens, têm prognóstico melhor, podem ser grau I ou II, sendo os anaplásicos, grau III, devendo ser pesquisada alteração no gene do BRAF, importante também como alvo terapêutico. Outros tumores acometem o tecido nervoso, os ependimomas, os tumores embrionários, os extraparenquimatosos (meningiomas, schwannomas), outros menos comuns e as metástases. Apesar dos avanços nos métodos diagnósticos, continua nas mãos do patologista a interpretação correta do aspecto histológico, o direcionamento da análise molecular, sendo sempre o responsável pela seleção da amostra a ser investigada.
Implementación sistema de invernadero automatizado para producción de multicultivos agrícolas educativos en el SENA de Mosquera
Authors: Fonseca Luna Adolfo Sebastián , Ramos Ramírez Johan Leonardo
Published: September 2021

Los invernaderos son instalaciones claves en la producción agrícola. Estos sistemas permiten ejercer un control eficiente de las condiciones atmosféricas, incidencia de plagas y enfermedades, lo que garantiza a los agricultores altos rendimientos, asociados al manejo tecnológico que este sistema permite establecer. Los aprendices de SENA, en su formación educativa integral, deben estar preparados para el manejo, ejecución y capacitación de los procesos entorno al sistema y desarrollo tecnológico de sistema. Por ello, el objetivo de este proyecto es realizar las adecuaciones tecnológicas que permitanel control de condiciones como temperatura, humedad relativa, apertura y cierre de cortinas, sistema de fertirriego, ventiladores y adecuacionesde luz en pro del desarrollo eficiente y sostenible de cultivos agrícolas degran importancia, para el crecimiento económico del país, el cual está enmanos de muchos egresados y estudiantes del SENA.
Armadura para columnas estructurales para un puente-grúa de 20 toneladas
Authors: Peña Duvan
Published: September 2021

Se realizó un diseño estructural de columnas para un puente-grúa con capacidad nominal de 20 toneladas. El diseño debe ajustarse a las dimensiones del lugar en el que se implementará. Inicialmente se propuso un diseño mecánico con base en la armadura tipo Warren, que se construye replicando en cada una de las caras de las columnas el patrón característico de la armadura Warren. De este diseño, se extrajo una armadura plana que se estudió a través del método de las secciones. Posteriormente, se realiza el análisis estático en tres dimensiones, usando el método de secciones y nodos, según sea necesario. Para este caso, se somete la estructura con una relación 2:1 sobre la carga nominal. A partir de análisis estructural, se determinaron los elementos bajo tensión y bajo compresión. Para este caso, los elementos diagonales experimentan tensión, mientras que los elementos verticales y horizontales están sometidos a compresión. También se demuestra que la armadura metálica es hiperestática o estáticamente indeterminada.
Ensemble model for heart disease prediction
Authors: Ahmad Bamanga Mahmud , Sandra Ahmadu Asabe , Malgwi Musa Yusuf , Sajoh Dahiru I.
Published: September 2021

Several researchers have developed intelligent medical devices to support the systems and further to enhance the ability to diagnose and predict heart diseases. However, there are few studies that look at the capabilities of ensemble methods in developing a heart disease detection and prediction model. In this study, the researchers assessed that how to use ensemble model, which proposes a more stable performance than the use of base learning algorithm and these leads to better results than other heart disease prediction models. The University of California, Irvine (UCI) Machine Learning Repository archive was used to extract patient heart disease data records. To achieve the aim of this study, the researcher developed the meta-algorithm. The ensemble model is a superior solution in terms of high predictive accuracy and diagnostics output reliability, as per the results of the experiments. An ensemble heart disease prediction model is also presented in this work as a valuable, cost-effective, and timely predictive option with a user-friendly graphical user interface that is scalable and expandable. From the finding, the researcher suggests that Bagging is the best ensemble classifier to be adopted as the extended algorithm that has the high prediction probability score in the implementation of heart disease prediction.
Mobile learning e o uso de apps como proposta para o ensino de Ciências
Authors: Dutra Pâmella , Bervian Paula Vanessa , Da Costa Güllich Roque Ismael
Published: September 2021

Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre a mobile learning e o uso de apps para a elaboração de estratégias de ensino para os professores de Ciências. Temos como intuito publicizar a análise desenvolvida de apps,

gratuitos e em língua portuguesa, que podem ser utilizados nas aulas de Ciências e Biologia da Educação Básica. Realizamos um levantamento na loja de apps da Google Play Store®, com a palavra-chave:

“Biologia”. Após a identificação e análise, encontramos 42 apps potenciais para o Ensino de Ciências em contexto escolar. Estes foram categorizados de acordo com a tipologia (vídeo ou animação, simulador,

conjunto de exercícios, material de consulta de informações, livro ou outro); nível de ensino (Ensino Fundamental anos iniciais ou anos finais e Ensino Médio); temática e conteúdos. Os apps abordam as

seguintes temáticas e conteúdos: Anatomia e Fisiologia Humana (Sistema Nervoso, Sistema Digestório, Sistema Circulatório, Sistema Locomotor, Sistema Respiratório); Biologia Celular (Célula Procarionte,

Eucarionte, Vegetal, Animal e Bacteriana) e Taxonomia dos Seres Vivos. Visamos a contribuir para o desenvolvimento de novas experiências educativas e formativas, pois compreendemos que pelo uso de

novas estratégias de ensino, com base nas tecnologias digitais, nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem, o professor também se constitui e (re)significa sua docência.
Ensino Híbrido: um processo contínuo de gestão de sala de aula
Authors: De Almeida Meira Novais Ivanilda , Furlan Costa Maria Luisa , Ferreira Cabau Nubia Carla
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre o ensino híbrido a partir de uma abordagem da gestão de sala de aula e o uso das metodologias ativas de aprendizagem. Nesse sentido, registra-se como principal objetivo discutir as mudanças metodológicas que propõe o ensino híbrido vinculado às Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação, caracterizando especificamente a organização e a direção de situações que favoreçam a aprendizagem. Utiliza-se como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica, a partir dos estudos de Moran (2015), Bacich, Tanzi e Trevisani (2015), Kenski (2012) e Libâneo (2010). Busca-se refletir sobre a relação das pessoas com os usos das novas tecnologias no contexto educacional. Conclui-se que as novas tecnologias e o modo híbrido de ensino podem contribuir efetivamente para a educação principalmente se, e quando, passa a ser efetivamente praticado nas salas de aula e não somente discutido nos ambientes acadêmicos.
Entre o escrito e o lido, o vivido: o computador como ponte para participação social
Authors: Branco Costa Maria Carolina , Horta Nogueira Ana Lucia
Published: September 2021

O artigo pautou-se na necessidade da instituição escolar (re)conhecer o aluno nativo digital, seus modos de operação dos instrumentos técnico-semióticos digitais e o que isso revela sobre seu desenvolvimento

psíquico. A pesquisa participante, realizada em uma sala de primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola pública, objetivou analisar as possibilidades do uso do computador como recurso pedagógico no

processo de alfabetização, refletindo sobre as repercussões deste instrumento para a atividade docente e discente, enfocando uma situação de prática pedagógica. A realização de uma unidade de leitura sobre um fato social contemporâneo e pesquisa discente colaborativa e orientada, resultou em um texto coletivo. Neste, os alunos puderam se colocar como sujeitos ativos frente aos acontecimentos de seu contexto

histórico-cultural, fato que trouxe novos elementos para seu desenvolvimento cultural, ao mobilizar aspectos sociais e recursos tecnológicos. A análise sobre o desenvolvimento cultural infantil a partir da

Psicologia Histórico-Cultural permitiu constatar significativa utilização das redes digitais pelas crianças, relacionadas ao lazer e comunicação, observando-se também o distanciamento frente aos fatos sociais de

seu tempo. Na medida em que o uso do computador foi pedagogicamente orientado, os alunos experienciaram outros modos de operação, redimensionando suas possibilidades de atuação frente ao universo digital.
La sociedad creativa debe superar la distopía
Authors: Menchén Bellón Francisco
Published: September 2021

Es urgente solucionar los problemas que acarrea una sociedad distópica, como la que vivimos en la actualidad. En un mundo globalizado es imprescindible promover una sociedad creativa , donde el ciudadano pueda vivir de acuerdo con su verdadera naturaleza. Generar una sociedad creativa es caminar hacia un horizonte justo, integral, y humano; debe contemplar las 5 Ss: Sana, Sostenible, Sensible, Solidaria y Sinérgica, características básicas si pretendemos innovar, cooperar y compartir a todos los niveles. Para ello, hemos rescatado el concepto de Homo creator, único camino para alcanzar la plenitud de vida. Igualmente consideramos esencial incorporar en los centros docentes el sentido de la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa y conectar con la Naturaleza y devolverle todos sus poderes naturales. Invertir en el futuro significa actualizar y ponderar el I + D + i. La ciencia y la innovación son fundamentales para enfrentarse a grandes retos sociales y para encontrar soluciones a los problemas complejos. Palabras claves : Sociedad creativa, Distopía, Espiritualidad, Empoderar. Responsabilidad social corporativa.
КӨЛІКТІК ТЕХНИКА ТРАНСМИССИЯ ЭЛЕМЕНТТЕРІНІҢ ТӨЗІМДІЛІГІ
Authors: Калиев Ербол Батырханович , Қозбағаров Рүстем Ашимович , Жуманов Мерген Амирович , Мадина Рамазан Серікұлы
Published: September 2021

Мақалада көліктік техниканың, оның ішінде  автомобильдің трансмиссиясының құрылысымен таныстыра келе, автомобильді пайдалану барысында, оның трансмиссиясы әр-түрлі соққылар мен  жүктемелерді қабылдап, оның бөлшектерінің қатты белгілі бір температураға дейін қызып, тозуының удеуі мен басқа да зиянды әсерлері жөнінде айтылған.

 Көліктік техника трансмиссиясының істен шығу cебептерін айта келе, оның әр-бір бөлшектері төзімділігінің пайыздық үлесі нақтылай көрсетілген. Трансмиссия бөлшектерінің ішінде ең көп істен шығатын  фрикциондық ілініс қосқыштарының бұзылу себептептеріне егжей-тегжейлі тоқталған. Әсіресе, ілініс қысқыштарының дискілері бір-бірімен үйкеліп, қызып кетуінің себептері және одан болатын зиянды әрекеттердің салдарын формула бойынша талдап, графиктер (сызбалар) арқылы көрсетілген. Сонымен бірге ілініс дискілерінің қызып кету зиянды салдарын азайту әдістері де көрсетілген.

Көліктік техниканың редукторларындағы, беріліс қораптарындағы тісті берілістерінің жұмыс жағдайлары жоғары жүктемелі және жүктеме - жылдамдық жағдайында кең диапазондарында кенет өзгерулерімен сипатталатындығына тоқтала келе, тісті іліністердің тозу қарқындығы қандай себеп факторларға байланысты өзгеретінін жақсы атап көрсеткен. Мақалада бұдан басқа тежегіш құрылғыларының төзімділігіне меншікті жүктеме, жылдамдық, іске қосудың жиілігі мен ұзақтығы үлкен әсер ететіндігі жайлы айта келе, бұл құрылғылардың төзімділігін арттыру жайлы да жақсы айтылған. Сонымен бірге басқару жетектерінің төзімділігі жөнінде де қысқаша атап көрсеткен.
ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЛДЫҚ ТЕҢДЕУЛЕРДІ MATCHCAT ОРТАСЫНДА ШЫҒАРУ ЖОЛДАРЫ
Authors: Мекебаев Нурбапа Отанович , Алпысбай Аружан Алпысбайқызы
Published: September 2021

. Мақалада студенттерге компьютерлік бағдарламаны қолдана отырып дифференциалдық теңдеулерді шешу қарастырылған. Ақпараттық технологияларды қолданудың бірден-бір негізгі облысы математикалық және ғылыми-техникалық есептеу болып табылады. Бүгінгі күні мұндай есептеу жұмыстарын жүргізу өте өзекті мәселе. Бұл үшін барынша сәйкес келетін ең бір мықты және тиімді математикалық жүйе-Mathcad болып табылады. Mathcad-Matlab,Maple,Mathematica және тағы да басқа көптеген осындай жүйелер арасындағы айрықша орын алатын жүйе. Mathcad-әдеттегі математикалық тапсырмалардың шешімін сипаттайтын бірден-бір жалғыз жүйе болып қалады.Mathcad өте тиімді бағытталған-математикалық интерфейс және керемет ғылыми графика құралы бар жүйе,сонымен қатар сандық және аналитикалық есептеулерді орындауға мүмкіндік береді. Мақалада дифференциалдық теңдеулерді MatchCat ортасында шығару жолдары қарастырылған. Жай дифференциалдық теңдеулердi шешу ғылыми-техникалық есептеулер тәжiрибесінде кең қолданылады. Сызықтық жай дифференциалдық теңдеулердің арнайы функциялар түрiнде шешiмі болғанымен, көп физикалық жүйелер сызықтық емес және аналитикалық шешімдері жоқ сызықтық жай дифференциалдық теңдеулермен сипатталады. Бұл жағдайда жай дифференциалдық теңдеулердi шешуде сандық әдістерді қолдануға тура келеді.
ТЕРЕҢ ОҚЫТУ НЕГІЗІНДЕ НАҚТЫ УАҚЫТТА ОБЪЕКТІЛЕРДІ ТАНУ
Authors: Куандыков Абу Абдикадырович , Тасполат Еркебұлан Айдарбекұлы
Published: September 2021

Мақалада конволюциялық нейрондық желіні (CNN) пайдалану қажеттілігінің өсуі есептеу қуаты шектеулі және жады ресурстарымен мобильді құрылғылар тиімді модельдеу бойынша зерттеулерді арттыру мәселелері қарастырылған  бірқатар тиімді архитектуралар жасалды.

Олардың ішінде соңғы жылдары ұсынылған, MobileNet, ShuffleNet және MobileNetV2 архитектуралары зерттелген. Зерттеу нәтижесінде бұл модельдердің барлығы тереңдетілген оқшаулауға негізделеді, бұл көптеген терең оқу жүйелерінде тиімді іске асырылмайды деген корытынды жасалған.

Сондықтан бұл зерттеуде біз тұрақты конволюцияға  тиімді жүйе ұсынылған. Содан кейін біз жүйені Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD) көмегімен біріктіру арқылы нақты уақытта объектілерді анықтау жүйесін ұсынамыз.
МЕТОДЫ ОЦЕНКИ КАЧЕСТВА УСЛУГ СОТОВОЙ СВЯЗИ
Authors: Бахтиярова Елена Ажибековна , Оразакова Айбала Нурахметовна
Published: September 2021

В статье представлены методы оценки качества связи путем сбора экспериментальных статистических данных (наблюдений), имитирующих использование услуг абонентами для последующей их постобработки, для оценки фактических значений показателей качества услуг связи и сравнения полученных оценок между собой. Представленный метод является дорогим и трудоёмким, но для точной оценки качества связи в стране является самым подходящим. Дается подробное изложение о требуемом числе наблюдений, которое дает точную оценку качеству предоставляемых услуг операторами связи. В статье также написаны рекомендуемые маршруты движения при сборе экспериментальных данных. В качестве услуг для оценки   были выбраны голосовая связь и SMS, так как эти услуги являются более ранними.
ИНТЕНСИФИКАЦИЯ ТЕПЛООБМЕНА В ПУЧКЕ ГЛАДКИХ ТРУБ ПРИ ПРИМЕНЕНИИ ПОЛЫХ ТУРБУЛИЗАТОРОВ
Authors: Сугиров Джиенбек Умирзаевич , Байсарова Гульбану Гасанкулиевна , Оспанова Салтанат Мухитовна , Суйменова Маржан Кузембаевна , Шайхиева Кулянда Мактаповна
Published: September 2021

Повышение тепловой эффективности теплообменников всегда является актуальной задачей. В статье излагаются результаты исследования турбулизаторов, отличающиеся тем, что они изготавливались полыми и имели возможность пропускать внутри себя нагреваемый воздух другого газохода. Полые перегородки турбулизировали тепловой поток в газоходе 1 и одновременно нагревали часть воздуха в газоходе 2. Форма конструкции полого турбулизатора изменялась в зависимости  от  места  установки и размером рабочей части газохода. Получены опытные данные по теплообмену и аэродинамике для рассматриваемых случаев. Обработка опытных данных позволила предложить расчетные зависимости для случаев применения этих перегородок.
The Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Pain, Physical Activity, and Anxiety in Individuals with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain
Authors: Özsoy Gülşah , Yılmaz Hayriye , Özsoy İsmail
Published: September 2021

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has many features that can potentially trigger and increase chronic pain. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the pandemic on pain, physical activity and anxiety in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain, in both periods of isolation and controlled social life. Methods: Seventy one individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain were included in the study. Three different periods (pre-pandemic, isolation and controlled social life) were evaluated and analyzed. Pain intensity (Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)), coronavirus anxiety (Coronavirus Anxiety Scale Short Form (CAS-SF)), and physical activity level (International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF)) were evaluated. Results: The VAS resting score was significantly higher during the isolation compared to the pre-pandemic period (p = 0.002). The VAS activity score was significantly higher in the isolation period compared to both pre-pandemic (p <0.001) and controlled social life periods (p <0.001). The lowest IPAQ-SF score (p <0.001) and the longest sitting time (p <0.001) were in the isolation period. The CAS-SF scores were significantly higher in the isolation period compared to the controlled social life period (p <0.001). Conclusion: While the measures taken during the isolation period had negative impacts on the severity of pain, physical activity and anxiety levels in individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain, gradual deconfinement in the controlled social life period led to a decrease in pain intensity and anxiety and an increase in physical activity.
Can Preoperative Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio Predict Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome That Develops After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy?
Authors: Miçooğulları Uygar , Çelik Orçun , Çakıcı Mehmet Çağlar , Kısa Erdem , Yücel Cem , Yalbuzdağ Okan Nabi , Yoldaş Mehmet , Üçok Hakan , Süelözgen Tufan , Keskin Mehmet Zeynel , İlbey Yusuf Özlem
Published: September 2021

Objective: First objective of this study was to find out factors influencing development of postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL). Secondary objective was to point out the role of preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in SIRS estimation. Method: The data of 756 patients that underwent PNL for kidney stones between 2012 and 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were divided into 2 groups as non-SIRS and SIRS group. The effects of NLR, PLR and other operative and demographic variables on development of SIRS were investigated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis that was performed on variables that were significant in the univariate analyses was used to establish independent risk factor for post-PNL SIRS. Results: Univariate analysis revealed a significant association between presence of SIRS and preoperative PLR (p<0.001), preoperative NLR (p<0.001), blood transfusion (p<0.001), stone volume (p=0.03), staghorn stone (p<0.001), and preoperative creatinine levels (<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analyses of these risk factors showed that NLR (p<0.001), PLR (p<0.001), and blood transfusions (p<0.001) were independently associated with SIRS. When the cut-off value of PLR was 120.5, the development of SIRS was predicted with 80.1% specificity and 81% sensitivity. When the cut-off value of NLR was 2.75, the development of SIRS was predicted with 64% specificity and 63.7% sensitivity. Conclusion: Preoperative PLR and NLR are effective and inexpensive biomarkers that can be used to predict SIRS and sepsis after PNL. We recommend that patients with PLR >120.5, NLR >2.75, and blood transfusions should be monitored closely due to the possible development of serious complications.
浅析国产彩妆“完美日记”品牌发展策略
Authors: 张 慧娴 , 农 米思祺
Published: September 2021

完美日记是一家非常成功地在互联网时代下诞生的企业。2017年创立连续三年天猫彩妆销量类第一名，现估价40亿准备赴美上市，在短短三年间超过了一些传统的国产彩妆品牌如卡姿兰、凯芙兰和玛丽黛佳等。天猫旗舰店有1,000万粉丝，和雅诗兰黛、兰蔻等大牌粉丝数量相当，在全渠道拥有1,400万流量。本文对完美日记及其背后的逸仙电商进行详细分析，探讨其为什么会获得成功，完美日记有什么国内新兴彩妆品牌值得借鉴的地方，新国货在国内该如何迅速崛起反超老一派彩妆品牌，老牌国货品牌该如何在互联网发展中抓住机遇。
学生群体内卷化及教育改革必要性的调查分析
Authors: 吴 丹丹 , 彭 彬悦 , 陈 虹酉 , 林 嘉盈 , 陈 嘉伟 , 曾 德言
Published: September 2021

我国教育财政投入逐年增长，但获得的回报却少之愈少，其中一个重要原因就是中国教育正经历某种内卷化。经研究发现，内卷化现象在学生群体中具有普遍性，但绝大多数学生并未意识到内卷的危害，其一定程度上拖滞了社会的进步与发展。除去校园内卷化外，校外教育机构野蛮生长也是教育内卷化的乱象之一，长此以往可能会动摇我国长期以来构建成的义务教育体系，因此教育改革十分有必要。本文从学生群体这一视角入手，调研学生群体身边的内卷化现象，明确学生群体的诉求，由此切入教育层面的内卷化现象与可施行的反内卷措施，为国家、社会层面整改内卷化现象提供合理的决策与建议。
Les déterminants de l’économie en République du Congo (Congo-Brazzaville)
Authors:   Chef de travaux à la faculté des Sciences économiques et de Gestion à l’université de Lubumbashi, KAOMBA MUTUMBA Jean Bosco
Published: September 2021

L’économie de la république du Congo-Brazzaville repose principalement sur l’exploitation des hydrocarbures le long de la côte atlantique, le bois, les services et une agriculture embryonnaire constituant le reste de l’activité. Le Congo-Brazzaville est un pays en développement inclus dans l’initiative pays pauvres très endettés (IPPTE). Les deux piliers de l’exportation sont le bois et le pétrole, tous deux exploités principalement par des compagnies françaises qui versent en contrepartie des devises très importantes à l’État. Le bois représente une part importante des exportations du Congo-Brazzaville : acajou, okoumé, limba, etc. L’activité industrielle repose sur la production des biens de consommation : le tabac, le ciment, le textile, le savon, les boissons alcoolisées, les chaussures, etc. Plus de 95 % du commerce est aux mains des étrangers ou de personnes d’origine étrangères.
Les « mutual funds » de type Développement Durable créent-ils de la valeur ? Une étude sur le marché français
Authors:   CERDI, IRD, CNRS, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, IRD, DURY Marie-Eliette , XIAO Bing ,   CLERMA EA 38 49, IUT Aurillac, Université Clermont Auvergne
Published: September 2021

La viabilité et l’efficience de la notion de développement durable dépendent de sa capacité à se transformer en vecteur de performance financière pour l’entreprise. Notre objectif est de démontrer une potentielle relation entre le développement durable et la performance financière : les performances des mutual funds basées sur le développement durable sont-elles meilleures que celles des indices de référence ? Pour cela, nous avons étudié 7 fonds OPCVM français style Investissement Socialement Responsable. La période d’étude s’étend de juin 2011 à juin 2020, avec 4 horizons d’investissement : 1 an, 3, 5 et 10 ans. On constate une domination de la performance à 10 ans des mutual funds ISR sur les indices de référence, performance également confirmée par un niveau d’alpha positif durant la période étudiée.
Characterization of the differential efficacy of austenitic vs martensitic NiTi rotary files in non-surgical root canal retreatment: a micro-CT analysis
Authors: Alsofi Loai , Rajkhan Wael , Al-Habib Mey , Ashe Hebah , Alnowailaty Yousef , Balto Khaled
Published: September 2021

Aim: Our study aims to characterize the differential efficacy of martensitic and austenitic files in root canal retreatment regarding defiling ability, debris management and morphometric features. Materials and methods: A total of 10 human premolar teeth with two separate fully formed roots were selected, prepared with BioRace system (BR) up to a size BR2 (0.04/25). Root canals were filled and then divided according to the file type into two groups (n = 10). Two geometrically identical files have been used with the only difference between them is heat treatment; One Curve (OC) martensitic and One Shape (OS) austenitic. Preoperative and postoperative Micro-CT scans were done for all the samples, and the percent volume of residual filling materials was calculated. Canals reshaping and remaining debris in the canals were assessed by calculating the volume of the canals before and after retreatment using Micro-CT software. Results: The percentages of removed filling materials were similar between both groups (97.2% OC vs 97.8% OS). OS was significantly faster than OC (P < 0.05). Retreatment procedure did not significantly change volume, structure model index, surface area, and canal curvature. OS group transported the canals more than OC at the apical third (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between both groups concerning un-instrumented surface area and accumulated hard tissue debris (AHTD) (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Under the circumstances of this study, neither file systems could completely remove the filling materials. However, OC resulted in less transportation than OS in the apical one third (P < 0.05). Also, OC resulted less AHTD than OS but with no statistical difference.
Optimization model of the structure of the Ukrainian industrial sector (by Polish industry parameters)
Authors: Sozanskyy Lyubomyr
Published: September 2021

A comparative analysis of the structural advantages of the industry in Ukraine and the EU member states has been carried out on the indicators of the share of gross value added (GVA) in the industrial output and the share of industry in total output. A similar analysis has been done in terms of industrial activities (mining and quarrying, processing industry, electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning, water supply, sewage, and waste management). Based on the study of Poland’s experience in restructuring the industry, the conditions and directions for optimization in the industrial sector (by types of industrial activities) are justified in order to move from the raw-type economy to innovation. With the help of developed economic and mathematical mod-els, the author constructs optimized structures of output and GVA in the Ukrainian industry in accordance with the criteria of increasing the level of profitability and production technology.
Teorie i praktyki zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi w zwinnym przedsiębiorstwie
Authors: Olak Andrzej , Kłak Dariusz
Published: September 2021

Niniejsza publikacja podejmuje problematykę znaczenia zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi w zwinnym przedsiębiorstwie. W opracowaniu scharakteryzowano istotę zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi, koncepcję zwinności przedsiębiorstwa oraz wybrane badania empiryczne dotyczące praktyk zarządzania kapitałem ludzkim. W końcowej części zaprezentowano modelowe rozwiązanie przedstawiające określone praktyki zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi, które implikują pożądany kształt organizacji i pozwalają określić ją mianem zwinnej.
Assessment of the similarity of the eu countries in the process of sustainable development in the context of agenda 2030 goals
Authors: Huttmanová Emília , Valentiny Tomáš , Novotný Roman
Published: September 2021

Sustainability ideas are implemented in almost all areas of life, not only into the economic and social life. However, the ways to sustainable development quantifying are still relatively complicated and incomplete. One of the possibilities of assessment and achievement of sustainable development and sustainability can be considered assessment using the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) presented in Agenda 2030. The aim of the paper is to assess the similarity of the EU countries in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals according to 2030 Agenda.
Comparative assessment of structural indicators of Ukraine industry and the European Union
Authors: Ishchuk Svitlana
Published: September 2021

A comparative analysis of the structural advantages of the industry of Ukraine and the EU member states in terms of the share of industry in: output of the economy, gross value added of the economy, exports of airborne vehicles, as well as the efficiency indicator (the share of airborne emissions in the industry). The place of Ukraine among EU member states is determined on the set of relative and absolute indicators of functioning of the industrial sector of the economy. A detailed comparative estimation of the structure of the airborne assets of the industry of Ukraine and Poland was conducted.
Role of the dual VET in the secondary vocational education in Hungary
Authors: Ференц Ч.З.
Published: September 2021

Цель статьи — представить особенности дуальной системы в профессиональном образовании Венгрии, основываясь на опыте работы Торгово-промышленной палаты Венгрии в этом направлении за последние три года (2019–2021). Предпринята попытка систематизировать управленческие решения по внедрению дуальной системы обучения в профессиональное образование страны на принципах государственно-частного партнерств. Теоретическая значимость заключается в описании современной модели профессионального образования Венгрии (принципы формирования дуальных образовательных программ в двух типах образовательных организаций, механизмов партнерства предприятий и образовательных организаций при координирующей роли торгово-промышленной палаты). Практическая значимость — в описании нормативных правовых решений, обеспечивающих жизнеспособность дуальной модели обучения в стране.

The purpose of the article is to characterize the features of the dual system in vocational education in Hungary based on the experience of the Hungarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry over the past three years (2019–2021). Rhe author attempts to systematize management decisions on the introduction of a dual training system in the country’s vocational education based on the principles of public-private partnerships. The theoretical significance lies in the description of the modern model of professional education in Hungary (the principles of the dual educational programmes formation in two types of educational organizations, partnership mechanisms of enterprises and educational organizations with the Chamber of Commerce and Industry having the coordinating role). The practical significance lies in the description of regulatory legal solutions that ensure the viability of the dual model of education in the country.