bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aesthetic and beyond: Investigating the pragmatic uses of YAFE ‘excellent, well-done; lit. pretty’ in spoken Hebrew discourse
Authors: Korol Eti , Shor Leon
Published: May 2024

The adjective/adverb YAFE ‘pretty, nice’ has been employed from Biblical to Modern Hebrew to characterize a positive external or internal attribute. In Modern Hebrew, YAFE has acquired new pragmatic functions, where it is used as a unipartite utterance conveying praise, concluding a textual unit, or affirming the recipient’s prior talk. This paper examines the pragmatic uses of YAFE as a unipartite utterance in spoken Hebrew through a functional and structural analysis of 45 instances. The analysis reveals that the general function of YAFE involves the evaluation of an event as a positive achievement for some party. This general function is manifested in specific local functions that vary in the nature of the event to which YAFE is directed: (1) recognition of a positive achievement of a person; (2) affirmation of the recipient’s prior talk; and (3) conclusion of a preceding discourse unit for the purpose of transitioning to the next unit. Additionally, our research illustrates that YAFE may be accompanied by verbal and non-verbal elements that support and complement its function.
Extracting Keywords from Text by Feature Similarity based K Nearest Neighbor
Authors: Jo Taeho
Published: May 2024

This article proposes the modified KNN (K Nearest Neighbor)algorithm which considers the feature similarity and is applied tothe keyword extraction. The texts which are given as features forencoding words into numerical vectors are semantic related entities,rather than independent ones, and the keyword extraction is able tobe viewed into a binary classification where each word is classifiedinto keyword or non-keyword. In the proposed system, a text which isgiven as the input is indexed into a list of words, each word isclassified by the proposed KNN version, and the words which areclassified into keyword are extracted ad the output. The proposedKNN version is empirically validated as the better approach indeciding whether each word is a keyword or non-keyword in newsarticles and opinions. The significance of this research is toimprove the classification performance by utilizing the featuresimilarities.
The International Human Rights Law and Social Media Regulation
Authors: Iyiola Damilola Eriife
Published: May 2024

In the digital age, social media has become a pervasive force shaping public discourse, politics, and social interactions. However, the unchecked spread of hate speech, misinformation, and disinformation on these platforms has raised significant concerns regarding their role in promoting violence and discrimination. This paper briefly delves into the necessity of rethinking social media regulation, echoing the urgent need to address the proliferation of hate, conspiracies, and misinformation online. Focusing on the accessibility, targeting capabilities, anonymity, and profit motives inherent in social media platforms, this study explores the impact of harmful content on societal norms and human rights. It analyzes recent efforts by internet companies to regulate content, such as removing posts and suspending accounts, while questioning their efficacy in stemming the tide of online violence and hate crimes including the limitations of artificial intelligence in content moderation and the risk of censorship bias. This paper advocates for a more robust framework to hold social media platforms accountable for harmful content in International Human Rights Law (IHRL), calling for greater transparency, consistency, and user engagement in content moderation processes, guided by internationally recognized principles of freedom of expression and equality.
Whodunnit? Inferring what happened from multimodal evidence
Authors: Wu Sarah A , Brockbank Erik , Cha Hannah , Gerstenberg Tobias
Published: May 2024

Humans are remarkably adept at inferring the causes of events in their environment; doing so often requires incorporating information from multiple sensory modalities. For instance, if a car slows down in front of us, inferences about why they did so are rapidly revised if we also hear sirens in the distance. Here, we investigate the ability to reconstruct others' actions and events from the past by integrating multimodal information. Participants were asked to infer which of two agents performed an action in a household setting given either visual evidence, auditory evidence, or both. We develop a computational model that makes inferences by generating multimodal simulations, and also evaluate our task on a large language model (GPT-4) and a large multimodal model (GPT-4V). We find that humans are relatively accurate overall and perform best when given multimodal evidence. GPT-4 and GPT-4V performance comes close overall, but is very weakly correlated with participants across individual trials. Meanwhile, the simulation model captures the pattern of human responses well. Multimodal event reconstruction represents a challenge for current AI systems, and frameworks that draw on the cognitive processes underlying people's ability to reconstruct events offer a promising avenue forward.
Contesting the Modernity of Gendered Family Regimes
Authors: Ferree Myra Marx
Published: May 2024

This chapter analyzes the structural roots of contemporary political struggles over authoritarianism in politics through the lens of family changes occurring between the mid-20th and early 21st centuries. The dual institutionalizations of family around the role of men as breadwinners and of democratic nation-states around the role of men as brothers are argued to be reciprocally reinforcing processes of the 19th century modernization. Twentieth century politics affirmed this complementarity in its dissolution of empires and monarchies, development of welfare states, and post-colonial expansions of democratic statehood, all institutions organized to empower men collectively. However, 21st century politics has seen a distinctive loss of the self-evident qualities of collective masculine authority, particularly in challenges to norms of gender difference and heteronormative marriage. As the neomodern, less economically centered political left took up the cause of unmaking gendered racial nationalism, a radical right contesting these reconceptualized norms of partnership and participation has now also emerged. Its defense of masculinized authority reasserts the gender, race and national lines modernity had once naturalized. Resistance to reviving such midcentury breadwinner-brotherhood tropes is often distributed by generation, with a larger share of younger cohorts interested in de-gendering intimate partnership and de-racializing political participation.
PENGARUH APLIKASI DOLOMIT DAN ZEOLIT TERHADAP KUALITAS KIMIA TANAH PADA TAMBAK UDANG BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Romadhona Sukron
Published: May 2024

Budidaya udang windu pada tambak kebanyakan masih menggunakan sistem budidaya secara tradisional, sehingga unsur hara yang ada dalam tanah tambak dan tingkat produktivitas tambak tersebut rendah. Salah satu bentuk upaya meningkatkan kandungan unsur hara dan produktivitas tambak adalah dengan pemberian pupuk  baik pupuk organik maupun anorganik. Berdasarkan observasi lapang salah satu bentuk upaya tersebut adalah dengan pemberian dolomit dan zeolit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian dolomit dan zeolit terhadap kualitas tanah tambak dan produksi udang windu.Penelitian ini dilakukan pada media bak yang dilakukan dengan 8 perlakuan yaitu perlakuan dengan penambahan dolomite dan zeolit dengan dosis 0 ton/ha; 0,5 ton/ha; 1 ton/ha dan 1,5 ton/ha. Masing-masing perlakuan dikombinasikan dengan 3 kali ulangan. Media bak diisi dengan tanah tambak sebanyak 5 kg dengan campuran dolomit dan zeolit berdasarkan pada masing-masing dosis perlakuan. Penebaran bibit udang dilakukan mulai bulan agustus sampai dengan november. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengaruh pemberian dolomit dam zeolit dapat meningkatkan pH, kandungan kalium, kalsium dan magnesium. Penambahan zeolit 0,5 ton/ha dan dolomit 1,5 ton/ha merupakan dosis yang paling baik dalam meningkatkan ketersediaan unsur hara tanah tambak. Penambahan dolomit dan zeolit berpengaruh terhadap produksi udang windu. Penambahan zeolit 0,5 ton/ha menghasilkan produksi udang 162,73 kg/ha atau menaikkan produksi hingga 15,8 %. Sedangkan dolomit 1,5 ton/ha menghasilkan produksi sebesar 127,80 kg/ha atau menaikkan produksi mencapai 10,5 %.
Decentering the Center in D H Lawrence's 'Tickets Please!'
Authors: Shrestha Jivan
Published: May 2024

This research delves into D.H. Lawrence's short story, 'Tickets Please!' employing a poststructuralist and deconstructionist framework to unravel the narrative's layers of meaning. The study addresses a notable gap in existing literature by emphasizing the decentering approach within the context of the story's exploration of gender roles during the transitional wartime period. The research problem prompts an investigation into how Lawrence's story challenges and subverts the established hierarchies, especially those related to gender roles, and how this aligns with the deconstructive tenets proposed by Derrida. The literature review critiques previous analyses, revealing a lack of attention to the deconstructionist perspective. Scholars have often examined aspects such as narration, characterization, and feminist stylistic elements but have neglected the narrative's pivotal decent ring theme. The story unfolds symbolically, tracing the shift from structuralism to poststructuralist through the metaphor of tramcars. These tramcars represent the destabilization of traditional patriarchal structures, marking a rupture in societal norms. The absence of the male center and the emergence of assertive female roles illustrate a transformative moment during wartime. Characters like John Joseph and Annie embody the clash between remnants of patriarchal norms and the evolving alternative center, personifying the narrative's overarching decentering theme. The narrative challenges binary oppositions and questions the concept of a fixed center, offering a multifaceted exploration of societal shifts.
Novel Approaches Characterizing Separation in Fuzzy Topology with Quasi-Coincidence
Authors: Karn Kamalesh Kumar Lal
Published: May 2024

Fuzzy sets were introduced by Zadeh in 1965, and three years later, Chang defined fuzzy topological spaces. Fuzzy topological spaces are families of fuzzy sets that satisfy the three classical axioms of topology. In this paper, we introduce and study some new notions of To separation axioms in fuzzy topological spaces using the quasi-coincident relation for fuzzy sets. Every ordinary (crisp) topological space vacuously satisfies the condition of being quasi-To. We define the quasi-separation axioms for fuzzy topological spaces, as quasi-To, quasi-T1, Quasi-T2. We have introduced and studied some new notions of To separation axioms in fuzzy topological spaces using the quasi-coincident relation for fuzzy sets. These quasi-separation axioms are weaker than the corresponding classical To separation axioms, but they are still useful for characterizing and studying fuzzy topological spaces.
The Appropriation of Fixed Capital: A Metaphor?
Authors: Negri Antonio
Published: May 2024

In the debate on the impact of digital technology on society, considering that digital technologies have profoundly changed the way we learn and communicate, and especially the “mode of production”, and remembering that this transformation takes place in an era of capitalist economic hegemony – the hypothesis often arises that the producer is transformed by the use of this machine. There is speculation that the user incorporates the instrumentality of the digital machine. Furthermore, when one recognizes that capitalist production develops its process of value creation by using cognitive labour power (and that this form of value production becomes more and more prominent) the technological incorporation of the cognitive cooperation of workers, seems to become ever more central to capitalist exploitation. Consequently, in the Marxist debate, people have started talking of an “appropriation of fixed capital” by the digitized worker and by the cognitive producer.
This article asks: Are these simply metaphors? It discusses the relationship of living labour and digital machines. It stresses that digital machines do not determine society and human fate but can be appropriated by social struggles for the commons. It grounds the analysis of the digital in Karl Marx’s works on technology and fixed capital. It concludes that autonomous spheres of digital self-valorisation can be established through social struggles that aim at advancing social co-operation and the commons.
Acknowledgement: This article was translated from Italian to English by Michele Ledda with editorial support by Christian Fuchs, David Chandler, and Sara Raimondi. The paper is based on a talk that Antonio Negri gave at the 7th ICTs and Society Conference “Digital Objects, Digital Subjects: An Interdisciplinary Symposium on Activism, Research & Critique in the Age of Big Data Capitalism” on May 20, 2017, at the University of Westminster in London. The video of this talk is available here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=htm5xwAl-kE The video of the commenting and Q&A session that followed can be watched here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-smmdOz9gIU The manuscript of Negri’s talk was published as part of a conference volume. It is reprinted based on a Creative Commons licence. Acknowledgement: Negri, Antonio. 2019. The Appropriation of Fixed Capital: A Metaphor? In Digital Objects, Digital Subjects: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Capitalism, Labour and Politics in the Age of Big Data, edited by David Chandler and Christian Fuchs, 205-214. London: University of Westminster Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.16997/book29.r. License: CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0. The original article was published in Italian in the journal EuroNomade and translated into English with permission: https://www.euronomade.info/appropriazione-di-capitale-fisso-una-metafora/
Locating Abortion and Contraception on the Obstetric Violence Continuum
Authors: Tongue Zoe L.
Published: May 2024

This article builds on existing feminist literature on obstetric violence in the context of childbirth to argue that there is a continuum of obstetric violence that also includes that perpetuated in relation to pregnancy prevention and termination, as well as antenatal healthcare and birth. This structural violence is highlighted in relation to conscientious objection, the reporting of people suspected of illegal abortions by their healthcare providers, and contraceptive coercion. Recognizing the limitations of criminal and human rights approaches to obstetric violence, this article takes Martha Fineman’s vulnerability theory as the foundation for the transformative structural change of healthcare institutions.
The Contribution of Empowerment to Bioethics in the Obstetric Care Context
Authors: Masella Marie-Alexia , Godard Béatrice
Published: May 2024

Empowerment in healthcare is becoming increasingly popular, including in obstetrics, because of its benefits for both individual health and health promotion. Many authors and organizations, such as the World Health Organization, advocate it as a means of engaging communities in the adoption of health-promoting behaviors and fostering patient-centered care. It aims to enable patients to assert their decisions and choices while respecting their personal values. This desire to respect the uniqueness and autonomy of each individual echoes a number of ethical principles and theories. In this article, the authors aim to answer the question, How can the concept of empowerment in healthcare contribute to bioethics? They argue that it has important links with feminist bioethics, notably the theory of relational autonomy, as well as with the capability theory of economist and philosopher Amartya Sen.
Learning Proximal Operators with Gaussian Process and Adaptive Quantization in Distributed Optimization
Authors:   , Duarte Vera Tudela Aldo
Published: May 2024

In networks consisting of agents communicating with a central coordinator and working together to solve a global optimization problem in a distributed manner, the agents are often required to solve private proximal minimization subproblems. Such a setting often requires a further decomposition method to solve the global distributed problem, resulting in extensive communication overhead. In networks where communication is expensive, it is crucial to reduce the communication overhead of the distributed optimization scheme. Integrating Gaussian processes (GP) as a learning component to the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) has proven effective in learning each agent's local proximal operator to reduce the required communication exchange. In this work, we propose to combine this learning method with adaptive uniform quantization in a hybrid approach that can achieve further communication reduction when solving a distributed optimization problem with ADMM. This adaptive quantization first considers setting the mid-value and window length according to the mean and covariance given by GP. In a later stage of our study, this adaptation is extended to also consider the variation of the quantization bit resolution. In addition, a convergence analysis of this setting is derived, leading to convergence conditions and error bounds in the cases where convergence cannot be formally proven. Furthermore, we study the impact of the communication decision-making of the coordinator, leading to the proposition of several query strategies using the agent's uncertainty measures given by the regression process. Extensive numerical experiments of a distributed sharing problem with quadratic cost functions for the agents have been conducted throughout this study. The results have demonstrated that the various algorithms proposed have successfully achieved their primary goal of minimizing the overall communication overhead while ensuring that the global solutions maintain satisfactory levels of accuracy. The favorable accuracy observed in the numerical experiments is consistent with the findings of the derived convergence analysis. In instances where convergence proof is lacking, we have shown that the overall ADMM residual remains bounded by a diminishing threshold. This implies that we can anticipate our algorithmic solutions to closely approximate the actual solution, thus validating the reliability of our approaches.
THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF COGENERATION PLANTS BASED ON HEAT ENGINES WITH THE THERMOCHEMICAL METHOD OF CLEANING THEIR EXHAUST GASES
Authors: Bileka B.D. , Sklyarenko E.V.
Published: May 2024

The article presents the results of research aimed at improving the economic and environmental characteristics of cogeneration plants based on heat engines (ICE, GPE, GTU), with a thermochemical device for the neutralization of harmful components of its waste gases, and a boiler-utilizer (BU). The neutralization process takes place in a layer of red-hot carbon material and a gaseous medium, which includes: methane, hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
The effectiveness of the proposed process was investigated both analytically, using specialized computer programs for energy management, and experimentally, by a special laboratory device, which made it possible to simulate in a wide range of temperatures (500...1000°C) how the products of natural gas combustion (the base fuel for the GPA and GTU), with a defined coefficient of excess air (oxygen), as well as the concentration of CO and NOx in their composition.
The primary task of the experimental study was to determine the effect of temperature on the neutralization of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in natural gas combustion products. The results of the studies (in the considered temperature range of 750...950℃) showed the possibility of reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides by 2.5...3 times, and the concentration of carbon monoxide by almost 5 times. At the same time, it was established that the efficiency of NOx neutralization at the considered temperature range does not change significantly (within 10%), which makes it possible to carry out the neutralization process at a temperature of 750...780℃ and reduce the energy cost.
The final neutralization of the exhaust gases of the engine and the utilization of their thermal potential is carried out in the boiler-utilizer. The placement of the thermochemical device in front of the boiler-utilizer, on the one hand, changes the thermal characteristics of the cogeneration plant to direction of increasing its heat loads, and on the other hand, increases the maneuverability of the plant, providing possibility of independent change of electrical and thermal load. In addition, the use of solid fuel with its gasification in the device allows not only to neutralize the harmful components of the engine's exhaust gases, but also to provide a partial replacement of natural gas in the engine and the boiler - utilizer with a corresponding reduction of thermal and harmful emissions in to the environment.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF HEAT TECHNOLOGY OF PREBIOTIC COMPLEX-FORMING POWDER PRODUCTION
Authors: Sniezhkin Yu. F. , Petrov P. I.
Published: May 2024

The process of dehydration of the prebiotic squash-apple mixture is investigated, taking into account the properties of the material and drying modes. Prebiotic raw materials are maximally represented by dietary fibers, which include pectin substances, the content of which in raw materials is from 6 to 12%. Optimal modes of grinding and separation into different fractions of dry prebiotic materials for obtaining functional powders were determined. The complexing property of prebiotic mixtures is determined, which is 15-20% higher than pure pectin, due to an increase in the open surface of powders and the nativity of pectin substances.
TODAY'S REALITIES AND PROSPECTS OF THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF HYDRO ENERGY IN THE WORLD AND IN UKRAINE
Authors: Obodovych O.M. , Pereiaslavtseva О.О. , Tselen B.Y. , Rezakova T.A.
Published: May 2024

Traditional fossil fuels have a detrimental effect on the global environmental situation, which leads to stricter standards for environmental protection. Therefore, in recent years there has been a need to develop and master new technologies that make it possible to generate, store and transmit energy without or while minimizing emissions of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, primarily CO2, which is referred to as the so-called “carbon footprint”.
An emerging branch of global energy - hydrogen energy - is based on the use of a compound such as hydrogen as a means for accumulating, transporting, producing and consuming energy.
Hydrogen is expected to transform the economy in four main application areas: transportation, industry, energy and utilities.
The purpose of this review is to analyze the main trends and criteria for the successful development of global hydrogen energy, as well as to consider the state and prospects for the development of the emerging global and Ukrainian hydrogen energy markets.
The article analyzes the development of the hydrogen energy market, discusses national programs to support this new branch of world energy and pilot hydrogen projects. Issues of production, consumption, accumulation, storage and transportation of hydrogen are considered.
Ukraine is one of the EU's priority partners in the future hydrogen economy, as it has the necessary capacity for hydrogen production - both for domestic consumption and for export. In 2021, the Ministry of Energy of Ukraine joined the European Pure Hydrogen Alliance. Ukraine's potential for hydrogen production is currently being investigated. The possibility of using the national GTS for hydrogen transportation to Europe is also being studied.
The results of the targeted comprehensive program of scientific research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine regarding the creation of new materials, technological processes, structures and systems that could become the basis for the widespread introduction of hydrogen technologies in Ukraine are presented. An assessment of the state of the global and Ukrainian hydrogen markets and the prospects for their development in the coming years is provided.
The role and principles importance of the biys court activity as an institution of Kazakh customary law for modern legal relations
Authors: Turlayev A. , Akhmetova N.
Published: May 2024

The article reveals the unique customs and traditions of the Kazakh people, which were based on the principles that lay down the legal regulation of social relations, condition social justice in resolving disputes and other conflicts arising in the process of economic activity and everyday life. The principles on which the Kazakh society was founded, which are the basis of Kazakh customary law in modern conditions can be char act erased as humanistic. On the basis of these principles, the formation of a fundamental principles number is possible that, taking into account the historical roots, will allow modernization of modern law. Despite the fact that the principles of customary law worked effectively in the historical period of the existence of the Kazakh Khanate and semi-nomadic farming, in modern conditions it is possible to modernize and use them in the modern legal culture as a historically established system of authoritative legal values. These are legal values that stipulate certain types of legal punishments and rewards, principles of mutual relations of the parties in civil, family, labor and other legal relations based on the equality of the parties and voluntary rights and obligations determination. The article substantiates the possibility of using the principles of adversariality, transparency, the predominance of property responsibility as the main punishment type, and the wider use of legal incentive measures in modern conditions.
Revisiting the concept of a recreational zone
Authors: Sopykhanova A.B. , Shoshayeva L.S. , Zhussipova B.A.
Published: May 2024

The article analyses various scientists’ points of view, as well as the legislation of Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus, which regulates the legal status of recreational areas. The aim of the research work is the study of the effectiveness of environmental legislation in terms of the grounds for the emergence and registration of the right of recreational natural resources management, the analysis of legislation on recreational nature management and the identification of the peculiarities of this legal phenomenon, the development of recommendations and proposals aimed at improving environmental law. The method logical basis of the study is the modern doctrine of the interaction of economics and the environment, constitutional provisions in the field of nature management and environmental protection. In the work, general scientific methods were used: comparative legal, logical, systemic and historical methods. The novelty of the article lies in the fact that a definition of the right of recreational nature management is given and its classification is developed, a system of principles of the right of recreational nature management is developed, the place of norms on recreational nature management in the system of environmental law of the Republic of Kazakhstan is determined, the state-legal mechanism in the field of recreational nature management is studied, and also the ways to improve it were proposed, a comparative analysis of the legislation of the countries of the near abroad in the field of creation nature management is made. As a result, the author argues the conclusion that there is a need to regulate the use of existing terms. In this regard, a recreational zone should be understood as a part of the natural environment (natural habitat) or human environment (artificial environment), intended for recreation, restoration of the population’s forces.
A LEITURA E A ESCRITA DOS TEXTOS SOCIOLÓGICOS NO ENSINO MÉDIO NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Ferreira Josuel de Souza
Published: May 2024

Neste artigo procurou-se apresentar alguns aspectos importantes sobre “A Leitura, e a Escrita dos Textos Sociológicos no Ensino Médio na Contemporaneidade”. O objetivo deste trabalho analisar como se faz necessário a leitura, e a escrita dos textos sociológicos no Ensino Médio na contemporaneidade. A metodologia utilizada nesse trabalho foi a pesquisa bibliográfica sistemática, onde analisamos livros, artigos e revistas eletrônicas de professores e autores renomados. Nesse processo, a questão problema dessa pesquisa foi analisar como se faz necessário a leitura, e a escrita dos textos sociológicos no Ensino Médio na contemporaneidade? Nesse caminho, o tema desse texto faz-se interessante devido a sua importância no Ensino quando se trata da leitura e da escrita. Nesses processos de aprendizagem dentro da instituição ensino, levarão os alunos a desenvolver as habilidades através da leitura e escrita. Assim, os textos sociológicos que vai se manifestando e adquirindo novas experiências, ideias e opiniões mais reflexivas e críticas, sobre a atual comunidade em que vivem. Enfim, aplicar a leitura e a escrita dos textos sociológicos ajuda cada aluno envolvido nesse processo a melhorar e a desenvolver a capacidade de relacionar-se com o próximo dentro e fora da sua comunidade na contemporaneidade.
Frostbite sequela treated by auricular composite graft
Authors: Molaei Hojjat
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Nasal defects following frostbite is not uncommon and need more complicated operations to reconstruct. Composite graft is an available and feasible treatment to replace nasal unit defects, though several factors influence transferred graft. Case presentation: A middle age mountain climber who had suffered nasal frostbite sequela as retracted right side alar rim, referred 28 months later to reconstruct. A triangular helical chondrocutaneous graft as composite graft selected to replace defects of inner layer, supporting cartilage and outer skin. After prolonged healing phase, he had satisfied with her nose. Conclusion: Composite grafts are save-boats in nasal reconstructions even, patient be a frostbite victum.
Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru Dalam Perspektif Neurosains: Tinjauan Sistematis Dan Meta Analisis
Authors: Sai’in  , Rugaiyah  , Madhakomala R
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah tinjauan sistematis dari literatur yang membahas mengenai kompetensi pedagogik guru dalam perspektif neurosains. Tinjauan sistematis dilakukan untuk memperdalam pengetahuan, mengetahui hasil penelitian terdahulu, dan memperjelas masalah penelitian dalam konteks kompetensi pedagogik. Guru dalam proses pembelajaran belum secara menyeluruh menggunakan pendekatan Neurosains. Tinjauan sistematis dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). PRISMA membantu para penulis dan peneliti dalam menyusun sebuah systematic review dimana berisikan panduan item apa saja yang harus ada dalam sebuah artikel. Literatur yang dikumpulkan berasal dari artikel yang terbit pada tahun 2018 sampai dengan 2023. Berdasarkan hasil dari membaca keseluruhan isi teks, terdapat 19 yang dijadikan sebagai artikel terpilih. Penelitian ini berusaha melakukan studi literatur mengenai kompetensi pedagogik guru dalam perspektif neurosains.
Implementasi Gerakan Literasi Sekolah Dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Tri Kurniawan Agung , Resti Valentina Sani Feby , Jamaludin Ujang
Published: May 2024

Literasi di Indonesia masih relatif sangat rendah oleh karena itu, pemerintah mencanangkan Gerakan Literasi Sekolah (GLS) dengan tujuan agar masyarakat Indonesia menjadi literat sepanjang masa. Sesuai dengan tujuan yang terkandung dalam Permendikbud No. 23 Tahun 2015. Dimana jika melihat tujuan yang tertuang dalam peraturan tentunya kita sebagai warga negara ikut mensukseskan dengan merealisasikan harapan dan upaya yang coba di buat oleh pemerintah itu sendiri. Gerakan literasi sekolah ini jika dilakukan oleh semua pihak yang berkaitan dengan pendidikan bukan tidak mungkin masyarakat Indonesia akan menjadi masyarakat dengan budaya literasi yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu tentu dalam hal ini peserta didiklah objek utama dalam program ini karena peserta didiklah yang akan meneruskan estafet kehidupan di masyarakat kelak. Hal ini memungkinkan siswa untuk meningkatkan minat belajarnya, karena Panduan GLS sendiri yang menyenangkan dan bersahabat dengan siswa menyatakan bahwa tujuan untuk menumbuhkan semangat belajar pada warganya, menunjukkan (empati, peduli dan menghargai) dan mendorong semua warga negara. Semangat belajar serta keingintahuan akan kecintaan terhadap pengetahuan memungkinkan warga untuk berkomunikasi dan mempengaruhi lingkungan sosial dan memungkinkan partisipasi semua anak sekolah dan lingkungan eksternal di sekolah dasar. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hasil dari proses implementasi gerakan literasi sekolah dalam meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik di SDN Ciwaktu. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan jenis metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan dalam pengumpulan data peneliti menggunakan triangulasi (wawancara, observasi/pengamatan, dokumentasi) ketiga jenis pengumpulan data tersebut digunakan agar data yang diperoleh valid dengan dibuktikan oleh ketiganya. Sedangkan, dalam pengolahan data sendiri peneliti menggunakan jenis model analisis Miles dan Huberman.
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Matematika Dengan Pendekatan Kontekstual Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Mufidatul Kusna Ratna , Auza’i Aqib Mohammad , A. Maharbid Dian
Published: May 2024

Matematika adalah sebuah ilmu yang sulit untuk dipelajari, salah satunya pada materi simetri lipat pada bangun datar. Kurangnya pemahaman siswa disebabkan pada keaktifan siswa. Penelitian dilakukan dengan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus, masing-masing terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa SD Kelas III pada mata pelajaran matematika dengan menggunakan pendekatan kontekstual. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik tes dan non tes, sedangkan instrumen penelitiannya berupa lembar pengamatan, lembar observasi dan lembar refleksi. Indikator pembelajaran siswa yakni menentukan simetri lipat pada bangun datar dengan tepat. Berdasarkan indikator tersebut siswa yang belum berhasil mencapai secara klasikal 50%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan kontekstual dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa. Presentase hasil belajar siswa kelas III pada siklus 1 secara klasikal diperoleh 65% dan pada siklus 2 mengalami peningkatan menjadi 85%. Sehingga dapat simpulkan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kontekstual dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa.
Парадигмальні особливості особистісно-професійного становлення майбутніх учителів фізичної культури з кінця хх – початку ххі століття
Authors: Каплінський Василь , Дамзін Олександр
Published: May 2024

Normative characteristics and standards of the professional formation of a specialist in one or another historical era corresponded to those paradigmatic principles that, based on a certain methodology, were laid down in the theory and practice of professional education. The article provides a historical-pedagogical analysis of the directions of personal and professional development of future teachers, in particular physical education teachers (end of the 20th ‒ beginning of the 21st century) at the methodological and empirical levels. At the methodological level, its close connection with solving the question of the need for fundamental changes in professional education, caused by the paradigmatic crisis and the beginning of the formation of a new pedagogical formation, is traced. At the end of the 20th century the personal and professional formation of a teacher continued to be carried out by inertia under the influence of Soviet pedagogy and the powerful mechanisms of external ideological influence developed by it, which was directed mainly to the formation of "collective consciousness" in a person. The value of a person was measured by the extent to which he could socialize according to social standards. In such conditions, the individual and personal were blurred to a certain extent among future teachers. The search for solutions not at the declarative level, but at the real level of the problem of personally-oriented training and personal-professional formation of a specialist from the standpoint of the humanistic paradigm of education as a special scientific problem has been intensified in the domestic pedagogical science only since the 90s of the 20th century.
 In the early 1990s, the search for the right direction in the formation of a teacher and his professional culture was carried out by solving the problems of the philosophy of education, which examines the development of the individual through the categories of the subject, freedom, self-development, self-improvement, self-efficacy, integrity, etc. Methodological principles of the formation of a future teacher from the beginning of the 20th century. became those philosophical concepts in which the uniqueness, individuality, exclusivity of each individual human being, each personality was recognized, i.e. concepts of the existential direction. Later, this approach gained its further development and began to combine various philosophical and psychological concepts that focused on the individual as individuality, on achieving the meaning of human existence. Education began to be considered not as a process of personality formation, but as a process of creating conditions for self-development and self-realization of the individual, as a help to the future teacher in self-determination, informed decision-making.
Організаційно-педагогічні конструкти процесу формування професійної компетентності майбутніх учителів історії під час вивчення фахових дисциплін
Authors: Пустовіт Григорій , Коняхін Юрій
Published: May 2024

The article is based on the analysis of philosophical, cultural, psychological, and pedagogical scientific approaches, theories, and concepts, and identifies the characteristic features of organisational and pedagogical constructs of the process of forming the professional competence of a future history teacher in the study of specialised disciplines in a higher pedagogical education institution. It is characterised by the essential features of the first organisational and pedagogical construct, namely the content of higher education; the next organisational and pedagogical construct is the establishment of a new generation of teachers; the third organisational and pedagogical construct is the creation of conditions for self-organisation and self-development of future history teachers; the fourth organisational and pedagogical construct is the formation of an individual style of personal pedagogical activity. The author proves that one of the leading qualities of a future history teacher should be the willingness to productive interpersonal and intercultural communication, emotionally balanced behaviour, and positive interaction with all participants of the educational process, by creating a positive emotionally intense creative atmosphere, profound knowledge of methods of self-preservation of both personal mental health and mental health of others. In this context, the professional competence of a future history teacher is treated as the ability to effectively execute their professional functions in the future and is ensured by the training of a particular specialist in a higher education institution, including the recognition of the value of work, the optimal processibility in the performance of future professional functions, professional ethics, and the mastery of self-regulation, self-organisation, and self-development.
Retheorising Civil Disobedience in the Context of the Marginalised
Authors: Stevens Simon
Published: May 2024

This article proposes a retheorisation of Rawlsian civil disobedience through examining the burdens we expect people to bear when they practice civil disobedience, focussing specifically on marginalised groups. First, I consider public concerns over civil disobedience, to elicit the idea of an ‘authentic civil disobedience’. I then assess the claim that civil disobedience occurs within a ‘nearly just’ society in order to recognise the more complex position of marginalised civil disobedients. This allows me to frame any criteria we theorise for civil disobedience as a wicked problem. Next, I examine one particular criterion dominant within the literature: that to be interpreted as civil disobedience, disobedients must show a willingness to suffer the legal consequences – and so, must not act anonymously. I claim that this asks too much of civil disobedients in a marginalised context and conclude civil disobedience theory needs retheorising to consider when and why anonymity is acceptable.
Biopolitical Leviathan
Authors: Gjerde Lars Erik Løvaas
Published: May 2024

The coronavirus pandemic made the biopolitics of infection control the core object of states around the world. Globally, states governed spheres usually free of state control, implementing various restrictions, closing down society in the process. This is possible due to the state's capacities to act through and over society, grounded in the state's powers. I argue that while the pandemic has led to useful and interesting state-centric Foucauldian literature on the politics of COVID-19, this literature has not fully taken the theoretical lessons of the pandemic into account. Explicating these lessons, I discuss how the pandemic invites us to reconsider the Foucauldian approach to the state. The purpose of this article is to combine the Foucauldian theory of power with a Weberian state theory based on Michael Mann's work on the state and the sources of power, so to lay the foundations for a Weberian-Foucauldian theory of the state.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Community-Based Learning Programs in Promoting Social Inclusion and Equity in Punjab
Authors: Naseer Sohail , Aziz Rizwan , Oad Lubna
Published: May 2024

The presented study finds out how well community-based learning initiatives in Punjab can promote social inclusion & equity. This report acknowledges the ongoing difficulties that underprivileged groups in Punjab confront due to the factors of social exclusion or injustice. Programs for community-based learning have become recognised as promising instruments for resolving these problems by promoting inclusive behaviours and empowering people. By analysing their outcomes including highlighting the essential aspects that led to their effectiveness, this study aims to investigate how these initiatives helped to address the problems of social inclusion and equity. The research used a quantitative method approach for gathering and analysing data. To gauge their perceptions of changing social inclusion as well as equity, individuals involved in community-based learning in the province of Punjab were surveyed as part of the quantitative part.
Phương pháp điều chỉnh tốc độ di chuyển máy cơ sở của máy làm đất có sẵn phù hợp với máy đào rãnh hẹp
Authors: Nam Nguyễn Tiến , Dũng Phạm Quang , Tịnh Nguyễn Văn
Published: May 2024

Máy đào rãnh hẹp có ưu thế trong việc thi công theo tuyến các công trình hạ ngầm đường dây cáp điện lực, cáp viễn thông, các đường ống kỹ thuật,… Máy có thể đào được rãnh sâu với chiều rộng hẹp vừa đủ để đặt các đường ống hoặc cáp ngầm với khối lượng đất cần đào là nhỏ nhất, tiết kiệm năng lượng, tăng năng suất và rút ngắn thời gian thi công. Các máy đào rãnh hẹp đồng bộ trong nước hiện nay được nhập khẩu có giá thành cao. Giải pháp phù hợp để chế tạo máy trong điều kiện Việt Nam là thiết kế chế tạo thiết bị công tác và lắp trên máy cơ sở của máy làm đất có sẵn. Tuy nhiên, tốc độ và phương pháp điều khiển tốc độ di chuyển của máy cơ sở chưa phù hợp theo yêu cầu của máy đào rãnh hẹp. Bài báo này trình bày phương pháp điều chỉnh tốc độ máy cơ sở có sẵn phù hợp với máy đào rãnh hẹp bằng cách điều chỉnh công suất nguồn thuỷ lực dẫn động cơ cấu di chuyển mà vẫn đảm bảo tính nguyên bản của máy. Các điều kiện làm việc cần phải kiểm tra và mạch thủy lực với ba chế độ làm làm việc của cơ cấu di chuyển đáp ứng yêu cầu điều chỉnh đã được đề xuất. Áp dụng phương pháp đề xuất cho máy đào rãnh hẹp ĐRH-01 lắp trên máy cơ sở của máy xúc lật MS500, tốc độ chậm có thể điều chỉnh được trong một khoảng rộng 0-10 m/ph. Công suất của cơ cấu xích đào đã được tăng thêm đến 72,7% do nhận được từ phần công suất dư của cơ cấu di chuyển.
Nghiên cứu tính khối lượng xúc bốc tại mỏ lộ thiên từ đám mây điểm 3D thành lập bằng ảnh máy bay không người lái
Authors: Cảnh Lê Văn , Long Nguyễn Quốc , Trọng Trần Đình
Published: May 2024

Hiện nay, trong tính toán khối lượng xúc bốc tại các mỏ than lộ thiên sử dụng ảnh máy bay không người lái UAV, mặt cắt được thành lập từ mô hình số bề mặt DSM, sau đó mới tính toán khối lượng bằng phương pháp mặt cắt theo TCVN 10673:2015. Cách tính toán như vậy không hiệu quả về thời gian, và làm giảm độ chính xác bề mặt thu thập được. Với mục đích khắc phục nhược điểm trên, nghiên cứu này ứng dụng đám mây điểm 3D để tính khối lượng xúc bốc. Để đánh giá độ chính xác của phương pháp, dữ liệu kiểm nghiệm là mô hình địa hình được thiết kế dưới dạng tầng bậc tương đồng với bờ mỏ lộ thiên thực tế để tính toán khối lượng xúc bốc theo phương pháp toán học (TH), mặt cắt song song (MC) và đám mây điểm 3D (PC), kết quả cho thấy độ lệch TH-MC là 0% và TH-PC là 0,03%. Tính toán thực tế khối lượng xúc bốc tại mỏ than Cọc Sáu cho thấy độ lệch MC-PC là 1,3%. Như vậy, tính khối lượng trực tiếp trên mô hình đám mây điểm PC hoàn toàn đáp ứng được yêu cầu của TCVN 10673:2015. Kết quả nghiên cứu cũng góp phần khẳng định hiệu quả của công nghệ UAV trong thu thập dữ liệu tại các mỏ lộ thiên, đảm bảo các công việc yêu cầu độ chính xác cao.
Thiết kế dầm bê tông cốt thép chịu cắt có hàm lượng cốt đai rất nhỏ theo TCVN 5574:2018
Authors: Tuấn Phan Minh , Huế Lê Bá
Published: May 2024

Tiêu chuẩn hiện hành về thiết kế kết cấu bê tông cốt thép TCVN 5574:2018 cho phép tính toán dầm bê tông cốt thép có hàm lượng cốt đai rất nhỏ, nhỏ hơn hàm lượng cốt đai tối thiểu (qsw < qsw,min ). Tuy nhiên, chưa có quy trình được chỉ dẫn cụ thể. Bài báo đề xuất quy trình tính toán cho hai bài toán kiểm tra và thiết kế chịu cắt khi  với trường hợp dầm chịu tải trọng phân bố đều và chịu tải trọng tập trung. Quy trình đề xuất giúp tối ưu hóa lượng cốt đai chịu cắt, góp phần đem lại hiệu quả kinh tế cho công trình.
Nghiên cứu biến dạng co ngót và thời điểm xuất hiện vết nứt do co ngót của bê tông bằng phương pháp vòng kiềm chế
Authors: Hùng Nguyễn Khánh , Tiến Lục Đức , Quân Trần Minh , Tùng Phạm Huy
Published: May 2024

Bài báo trình bày kết quả nghiên cứu so sánh biến dạng co ngót và thời điểm xuất hiện vết nứt giữa bê tông geopolymer (GPC) và bê tông xi măng thường (OPCC). Các thí nghiệm được tiến hành theo tiêu chuẩn ASTM đối với cả hai loại bê tông, bao gồm: xác định cường độ chịu nén và mô đun đàn hồi; đo co ngót trên mẫu chuẩn và mẫu chịu kiềm chế (ring test). Kết quả cho thấy biến dạng co ngót của GPC lớn hơn nhiều so với OPCC, và vết nứt xuất hiện sớm hơn. Từ kết quả đo đạc thực nghiệm và tính toán lý thuyết, nhóm nghiên cứu đề xuất phương pháp dự đoán biến dạng cực hạn khi kéo phù hợp cho cả GPC và OPCC.