bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Demise of the Barra Honda carbonate shoal (Costa Rica) at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary linked to climate change and forearc tectonics
Authors: Andjić Goran , Baumgartner-Mora Claudia , Baumgartner Peter , Petrizzo Maria Rose , Vennemann Torsten , Paul André , Lorenzo Valentin
Published: December 2024

The latest Cretaceous(?)–Paleocene Barra Honda Formation represents one of the largest carbonate shoals (>900 km2, 350 m thick) of the convergent margin of Costa Rica. Although the mode of formation of the carbonate shoal is well understood, how environmental and tectonic factors interacted to cause its demise near the Paleocene-Eocene boundary remains poorly constrained. Stable isotopic, biostratigraphic, mineralogical, and geochronologic analyses from the Barra Honda Formation and overlying siliceous Buenavista Formation provide new constraints on the timing and causes of the demise of the carbonate shoal. We report one new U–Pb zircon chemical abrasion, isotope dilution, thermal ionization mass spectrometry date (56.30 Ma ± 0.13 Ma, 2) obtained from an ash-rich layer at the boundary between the two formations. The sharp transition from Barra Honda massive limestones to Buenavista marl-chert alternations coincides with a negative shift in carbon isotope (δ13Ccarb) values of about 3 to 5 ‰ and a 50 % decrease in carbonate contents. The timing of the combined lithological-mineralogical-isotopic change is coeval with the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, 56 Ma). The onset of clay-rich sedimentation is consistent with a PETM-related increase of terrestrial influx of nutrients and detrital particles, which promoted eutrophication and decreased light availability in the photic zone. Combined with seawater acidification and warming, these environmental parameters were fatal to carbonate-producing benthic communities of Barra Honda. High subsidence rates of the forearc basin and renewed arc volcanic activity must have closely followed the cessation of shallow carbonate production, preventing further formation of the carbonate shoal.
Doing conferences differently: a decentralised multi-hub approach for ecological and social sustainability
Authors: Corneyllie Alexandra , Walters Trudie , Dubarry Anne Sophie , He Xun , Hinault Thomas , Ković Vanja , Medani Takfarinas , Pascarella Annalisa , Pinet Svetlana , Ruzzoli Manuela , Schaworonkow Natalie , Šoškić Anđela , Stekić Katarina , Tsilimparis Konstantinos , Ulloa José Luis , Wang Ruijie , Chaumon Maximilien
Published: December 2024

Conferences are invaluable for career progression, offering unique opportunities for networking, collaboration, and learning. However, there are challenges associated with the traditional in-person conference format. For example, there is a significant ecological impact from attendees’ travel behaviour, and there are social inequities in conference attendance, with historically marginalised groups commonly facing barriers to participation. Innovative practices that enable academic conferences to be ‘done differently’ are crucial for addressing these ecological and social sustainability challenges. However, while some such practices have emerged in recent years, largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic, little research has been done on their effectiveness. Our study addresses this gap using a mixed methods approach to analyse a real-world decentralised multi-hub conference held in 2023, comparing it to traditional in-person conference and fully online conference scenarios. The decentralised multi-hub format consists of local in-person hubs in different locations around the world, each with a unique local programme developed around a shared core global programme; there is no single centralised point of control. We calculated the CO2 emissions from transport for each scenario and found the decentralised multi-hub conference had significantly lower emissions than a traditional in-person conference, but higher emissions than a fully online conference. We also interviewed 14 local hub organisers and attendees to gain their perspectives about the ecological and social sustainability benefits of the decentralised multi-hub format. We found that the more accessible and inclusive format attracted a more diverse range of attendees, meaning that the benefits attributed to conference attendance were able to be shared more equitably. This study is the first to provide evidence of the ecological and social sustainability benefits of doing conferences differently; by doing so it can be used in the argument to help transition conferences to a more desirable state in terms of ecological and social sustainability.
Inovasi Teknologi Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Artificial Intelligence Untuk Siswa Berkebutuhan Khusus Tunanetra
Authors: Hikmah Agung Baitul , Fatah Haerul , Christian Vincent
Published: December 2024

Kecerdasan buatan menjadi salah satu kebutuhan untuk mendukung pekerjaan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengimplementasikan inovasi teknologi berbasis Artificial Intelligence menjadi media pembelajaran sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan aksesibilitas dan efektivitas pembelajaran bagi siswa tunanetra di Sekolah Luar Biasa Yayasan Bahagia Kota Tasikmalaya. Inovasi teknologi menggunakan layanan suara interaktif untuk membantu siswa tunanetra mempelajari materi pembelajaran. Dengan menerapkan metode ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) dan metode pengujian SQA (Software Quality Assurance). Hasil pengujian aplikasi secara kuantitatif dengan metode SQA (Software Quality Assurance) menunjukan skor 88.4. hal ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi media pembelajaran ini dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan motivasi siswa tunanetra terhadap materi yang disampaikan. Kontribusi penelitian yang dihasilkan dapat mendukung proses belajar-mengajar, serta meningkatkan keterlibatan dan minat belajar siswa tunanetra.

Artificial Intelligence has become essential to support human tasks. This study aims to implement AI-based technological innovation into educational media as a solution to enhance the accessibility and effectiveness of learning for visually impaired students at the Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB) Yayasan Bahagia Tasikmalaya City. The technology innovation utilizes interactive voice services to assist visually impaired students in learning course material. The ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) method and testing SQA (Software Quality Assurance) method was applied to guide the development process. Quantitative testing of the application using the Software Quality Assurance (SQA) method resulted in a score of 88.4, indicating that this learning media application effectively enhances both understanding and motivation among visually impaired students regarding the presented material. Thus, this research contributes to supporting the teaching and learning process, while increasing engagement and interest in learning for visually impaired students.
Challenges in Tea Plantation-Based Small Community Water Safety Plan Implementation – A Sri Lankan Experience
Authors: Udagedara DT , A.A.G.D. Amarasooriya  , D.C. Herath  , S.M. Rajapaksha  , A. Kulathunge  , P. Rajapaksha  , G. Subasinghe  , S.K. Weragoda  , S.S. Garusinghe
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the challenges and scientific approach adopted to overcome those challenges for Rural WSP (RWSP) implementation for the water supply schemes (WSS) in the Sri Lankan Tea Plantation sector. Factors positively and negatively impacting WSP implementation were identified through a SWOT analysis. Pooled response of the Likert scale survey of WSP team members to evaluate the impact of each contributing factor. A Spearman correlation was conducted to evaluate the correlations. Survey results confirmed that top management engagement, availability of financial resources, organizational structure, clustered community, government regulations, quality certifications, and similar cultural practices positively impact the success of WSP implementation. Poor community awareness, learning culture, communication barriers, poor sanitation and hygiene practices, inadequate stakeholder relationships, inadequate resources, skills, and lack of accountability were the factors hindering the WSP implementation. Correlation analysis showed specific relationships namely, lack of accountability with inadequate resources and skills, availability of financial support with inadequate resources and skills, and lack of awareness with a lack of resources and skills. Converting the negative factors to positive ones will make the WSP application successful in another similar plantation-based WSS. The major lesson from this intrinsic research study is that socioeconomic and cultural factors in the tea plantation are equally important as the typical technical aspects of the WSP.
Web Spinning and Non-Spinning Spiders of Semi-Arid Agro Ecological Habitat of Agra region and their Role in Pest Control
Authors: Singh Ruchi , Prakash Alka , Prakash Sant
Published: December 2024

The spider fauna has a significant role in the agro-ecological system in the cultivable lands across the Agra region. The survey covered an area of 28.5 sq km, and the spider webs were collected by various sampling methods during the nocturnal and diurnal periods. A total of twenty-nine spider species belonging to nine families were collected for web spinning as well as non-web spinning spiders. During the period of nine months, which include the late summer, monsoon, and pre-winter seasons, Abundant web spinning spiders, predominantly from the family Araneidae, were widely spread, while the least number of spiders were found in the family Thomisidae. Individual web-spinning spider species of the Araneidae were predominantly represented by the genus Argiope sp, with a small representation by Miseumenavatia. The largest and strongest web is spun by the genus Neoscona sp and a fragile web by Uloborus. The largest web is spun individually by Neoscona and a group/community based on Cytrophora. The reduction in the number of ground-dwelling spiders is mainly due to the impact of the use of pesticides by farmers. The agro ecosystem of Agra is impacted by the large use of pesticides by the farmers. The cultivation of potato, wheat, and mustard in Agra. Produces 40% quantity of potato, wheat, and mustard in India and their cultivation seems to give better natural niche for spider than other field crops.
Anti-Diabetic and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Phytochemicals from Caesalpinia bonducella
Authors: Shanmugapriya A.  , Firdous Jannathul , Karpagam T.  , Suganya V.  , Varalakshmi B.
Published: December 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease resulted with high blood glucose levels due to oxidative stress that leads to many complications. Natural compounds derived from herbal plants are alternative source that increasing globally in the process of diabetes drug development. The present study investigates the potential of plant natural compounds for its therapeutic capability to treat diabetic mellitus. Phytochemicals were extracted and purified from seeds of the plant Caesalpinia bonducella. The functional group in Caesalpinia bonducellawas confirmed by UV-VIS and FTIR spectroscopic technique. The seed extract's in vitro antioxidant properties in various concentration (0.25 to 1 g/mL) were carried out against the DPPH and H2O2 onion radical scavenging assay. In vitro studies of anti-diabetic activity were also evaluated by inhibiting key enzymes that are involved in glucose metabolism such as alpha amylase. The seed extract was found to inhibit the enzyme responsible for glucose metabolism and so maximum inhibition was observed in 0.25 mg/mL and the compound was found to be highly reactive against free radicals. In the DPPH assay, the plant seed extract has a maximum inhibitory activity of 92.04% at high concentration. Additionally, for the H2O2 scavenging test, the inhibition of the plant seed extract at 0.75 g/mL concentration was 88.3%. This suggests that the plant’s phytocompounds may offer therapeutic benefits for the treatment of diabetes and conditions linked to oxidative stress. In vivo investigations of the study's findings are further necessary to validate the phytocomplex's efficacy and open the door to the creation of cutting-edge treatments for antioxidants and diabetes.
Reservas de la biosfera y modelos de conocimiento: ejemplo de aprendizaje significativo sostenible
Authors: Pérez de Villarreal Zufiaurre Maider
Published: December 2024

Introducción: El cambio climático acecha al equilibrio de la humanidad. Es preciso tomar parte en el siguiente dilema: continuar con las dinámicas productivas y consumistas que arriesgan el bienestar planetario, o desacelerar estas dinámicas proporcionando nuevos modelos productivos sostenibles que requieren de un cambio conceptual global que se nutra de modelos educativos que fomentan la concienciación ecológica. Metodología: El aprendizaje significativo sostenible busca promover situaciones de aprendizaje que perduren en el tiempo y se integren en la vida y experiencias del alumnado de manera significativa. Con este enfoque, se desarrolló una experiencia educativa en la que el alumnado construyó de manera conjunta un modelo de conocimiento basado en unidades didácticas (UD) sobre reservas de la biosfera de los 5 continentes. Resultados: Para la evaluación, se empleó una rúbrica doble que analizaba tanto la defensa oral del proyecto como los distintos apartados de la UD y se analizaron reflexiones personales. Discusión: El aprendizaje significativo sostenible es una metodología adecuada para integrar el aprendizaje en contextos significativos para el alumnado y fomentar la conexión emocional con la protección de espacios naturales. Conclusiones: Esta metodología educativa es apta para promover el cambio conceptual necesario para desarrollar sistemas productivos más sostenibles.
Formación en orientación profesional del Sistema de Formación Profesional en alumnado del Máster Universitario en Profesorado
Authors: Cuevas Salvador Jesús
Published: December 2024

Introducción: Los desafíos que debe afrontar la Formación Profesional, el abandono de los estudios, el déficit en destrezas para la formación a lo largo de la vida, y la falta de iniciativa para la autoorientación, han llevado a formular el objetivo general de este estudio: analizar las percepciones del alumnado, en relación con la orientación profesional, a través de la metodología de aprendizaje basada en proyectos, en la formación inicial para la docencia de los ciclos de Formación Profesional, en el alumnado del Máster Universitario en Profesorado. Metodología: Diseño metodológico cuasi experimental, implementando el aprendizaje basado en proyectos (Alfa de Cronbach α=,797), en una muestra no probabilística de 42 estudiantes (n=42), Universidad de Zaragoza (España). Resultados:    La capacidad de análisis es media baja en el 95% del alumnado, sin embargo la correlación Pearson entre las variables comunicación y análisis es alta r=,937. Discusión: El progreso tecnológico y digital de la sociedad postindustrial debe revisar la orientación profesional en relación con la información del mercado laboral y la evolución de las competencias. Conclusiones: El hallazgo principal de esta investigación está relacionado con la falta de análisis de prospección del alumnado en relación con el Catálogo Nacional de Estándares de Competencia.
Evaluating Knowledge and Practices on Injectable Contraceptive Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (Antara) Among Working Women of Reproductive Age in a Metropolitan City: Development of an Educational Booklet
Authors: Patil Rupali Prashant , Sonawane Nilima
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Injectable contraceptives, especially medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), often marketed as Antara, are now a crucial part of family planning services since they give women a dependable and adaptable means of birth control. Working women of reproductive age still lack sufficient understanding and practices around it, particularly in urban areas.Materials and Methods: Adescriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 150 working women of reproductive age, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires to assess the participants’ knowledge and self-reported practices inventory used to assess practices of injectable contraceptive MPA (Antara).Results: The study revealed that the majority of participants (79.3%) had excellent knowledge about injectable contraceptive MPA under Antara, 20% had good knowledge, while only 0.7% were categorized in the average knowledge range, with no one having poor knowledge. Regarding practices, 99.3% of the women reported excellent practices, and 0.7% reported good practices. There was a strong positive correlation between knowledge and practices, with a P = 0.001, indicating statistical significance at P < 0.05. However, no significant association was found between knowledge and practices and the selected demographic variables (P > 0.05).Conclusion: According to the study, women of reproductive age had an outstanding understanding and use of injectable contraceptives, such as MPA (Antara). The results highlight the necessity of ongoing educational programs and healthcare providers’ participation to raise knowledge, guarantee effective contraceptive usage, and lower the injectable contraceptive dropout rate.
Analysis of Pregnant Women, their Newborn Infants, and Maternal-Fetal Transmission of COVID-19 admitted in Tertiary Hospital, Patiala, Punjab
Authors: Kaur Bajwa Ramandeep , Sharma Preksha , Maheshwari Sushil Kumar , Kaur Kamaljeet
Published: December 2024

Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to find the clinical characteristics of pregnant women, their newborn infants, and maternal-fetal transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Materials and Methods: Study design was cross-sectional design. The setting included all the mothers admitted in labor room and their infants in the month of July-August 2020 in Government Rajindra Hospital, Patiala. The study sample included total 574 (July in 282 and 292 in August) pregnant mothers (60 COVID-19 positive mothers) and their infants admitted during the month of July-August 2020. Mothers and neonatal data were collected from mother’s record and child files from neonatal intensive care unit.Results: A total of 60 infected antenatal mothers with COVID were reported. Confirmation by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test shows that throat swab for two newborns were positive for COVID-19.Conclusion: The risk of vertical transmission is small. Majority of the newborns remain asymptomatic with good clinical outcome. The findings from this study can guide and enhance prenatal counseling of women with COVID-19 infection occurring during pregnancy.
Gitar Eğitiminde Öğrenme Stratejilerine Dayalı Etkinlikler ile Öğrencilerin Eserlerini Ezbere Çalma Becerilerinin Geliştirilmesi
Authors: Tunçkılıç Mert , Yokuş Tuba
Published: December 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı gitar eğitiminde öğrenme stratejilerine dayalı etkinlikler ile öğrencilerin eserlerini ezbere çalma becerilerinin geliştirilmesidir. Araştırma bir eylem araştırmasıdır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Güzel Sanatlar Eğitimi Bölümü Müzik Eğitimi Anabilim Dalında 2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılı bahar yarıyılında Bireysel Çalgı Eğitimi 6 -Gitar dersini ilk kez alan, lisans öğrencilerinden oluşmaktadır. Araştırma verileri, araştırmacı tarafından oluşturulan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formları ve gitar performans gözlem formu olmak üzere iki veri toplama aracı ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmada öğrenci görüşlerinden elde edilen nitel çerçevedeki veriler betimsel analiz yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Nicel çerçevedeki verilerin çözümlenmesinde ise bağımlı T-testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın alt amaçları doğrultusunda elde edilen sonuçlarda gitar eserlerini ezbere çalmaya ilişkin öğrencilerin; sahnede performansa ve müziğe odaklanmak, nüansları daha iyi ifade edebilmek, gitara olan hakimiyetini arttırmak gibi faktörler açısından performans gelişimini desteklediği algısına sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Öğrenci görüşlerine göre, farklı öğrenme stratejilerinden yararlanmak onların öğrenme hedeflerine daha kısa sürede erişmesine katkı sağlamış, ezbere çalma becerilerini ve performanslarını olumlu yönde etkilemiştir. Araştırmada eylem planı çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilen uygulama sonucunda deney grubunun gitar performans gözlem formu öntest ve sontest puanları arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmuş, farklılığa yönelik etki büyüklüğü değerinin ise yüksek düzeyde oluğu belirlenmiştir.
Risques électoraux : Guide sur les facteurs de risque internes. Troisième édition
Authors: Alihodžić Sead , Asplund Erik , Bicu Ingrid , Wolf Peter
Published: December 2024

L’organisation d’élections est une entreprise complexe pour toute société. Elle nécessite la mobilisation sociale la plus large possible et la mise en œuvre de diverses activités électorales, tout en respectant des procédures et des délais stricts. Par conséquent, de nombreux problèmes peuvent – et vont souvent – survenir en raison de lois déficientes, d’obstacles logistiques, d’erreurs techniques et humaines ou d’actions contraires à l’éthique de la part d’acteurs électoraux clés, entre autres. Une fois survenus, ces risques peuvent générer des tensions, des chocs ou des crises susceptibles de compromettre l’intégrité du processus électoral.
Ce Guide présente les principaux facteurs de risque liés au processus (endogènes ou internes) qui peuvent mettre à mal l’intégrité électorale, qu’ils en soient la cause ou qu’ils y contribuent. Combiné au Guide sur les facteurs de risque externes, qui couvre les risques liés au contexte, cet ouvrage offre une vue d’ensemble plus complète du risque pour l’intégrité électorale.
Risques électoraux : Guide sur les facteurs de risque externes. Troisième édition
Authors: Alihodžić Sead , Asplund Erik , Bicu Ingrid , Thalin Julia
Published: December 2024

L’organisation d’élections est une entreprise complexe pour toute société. Elle nécessite la mobilisation sociale la plus large possible et la mise en œuvre de diverses activités électorales, tout en respectant des procédures et des délais stricts. Par conséquent, de nombreux problèmes peuvent – et vont souvent – survenir en raison de lois déficientes, d’obstacles logistiques, d’erreurs techniques et humaines ou d’actions contraires à l’éthique de la part d’acteurs électoraux clés, entre autres. Une fois survenus, ces risques peuvent générer des tensions, des chocs ou des crises susceptibles de compromettre l’intégrité du processus électoral.
Ce Guide présente les principaux facteurs de risque liés au contexte (exogènes ou externes) qui peuvent mettre à mal l’intégrité électorale, qu’ils en soient la cause ou qu’ils y contribuent. Combiné au Guide sur les facteurs de risque internes, cet ouvrage offre une vue d’ensemble plus complète des facteurs de risque pour l’intégrité électorale.
Construimos una escuela que promueva la expresión de nuestras emociones. Guía para docentes
Authors: Claro Espejo Natalia , Cárdenas Macher Luis Daniel , Herrera Alonso José Carlos
Published: December 2024

La “Caja de herramientas para una ciudadanía democrática” es una propuesta pedagógica que comprende materiales educativos para estudiantes, docentes y directivos de escuelas secundarias. Busca contribuir a la formación de una ciudadanía activa, comprometida con valores y principios democráticos, así como al desarrollo personal de las y los adolescentes a través de iniciativas creativas que faciliten la organización de proyectos en beneficio de sus comunidades.
Esta herramienta se sitúa en el área de Desarrollo Personal, Ciudadanía y Cívica (DPCC) del Currículo Nacional de la Educación Básica (CNEB) del Perú. Asimismo, involucra a las áreas de Comunicación y Arte y Cultura. Este material se ha implementado en diversas instituciones educativas públicas, en alianza con el Jurado Nacional de Elecciones (JNE) y Fe y Alegría del Perú.
Sus objetivos están enfocados en que las y los estudiantes:
• Fortalezcan su ciudadanía activa, promoviendo su participación en la vida pública y su compromiso con los valores democráticos.
• Desarrollen sus competencias para abordar los desafíos sociales y políticos de su entorno, que aporten en la construcción de una sociedad democrática, institucional y participativa.
• Construyan una identidad personal que les permita reconocer sus intereses, valores y capacidades, y actuar de acuerdo con ellos.
Véase también el Cuadernillo para estudiantes.
Implementation of the Grammatical Translation Method in I'rob Jurumiyah Learning at Madrasah Diniyah An-Nur Batu
Authors: Nabiilah Alaikin , Hasanah Mamluatul , Faisol Faisol
Published: December 2024

Madrasah Diniyah An Nuur Batu faces challenges in teaching Arabic grammar (nahwu i'rob jurumiyah) due to traditional methods. This research investigates the effectiveness of the grammatical translation method in addressing these challenges. The study employed a qualitative case study approach, gathering data through interviews with educators, the headmaster, and students, as well as observations and document analysis. The findings reveal that the grammatical translation method significantly enhances i'rob jurumiyah learning at the madrasah. The method involves using the students' native language as the medium of instruction, with the teacher actively presenting material and students passively receiving it. This approach focuses on teaching grammatical rules, leading to improved understanding and application of nahwu concepts. The supporting factors for the implementation of the grammatical translation method in learning i'rob jurumiyah at Madrasah Diniyah An Nuur Batu are adequate facilities, a supportive Arabic language learning environment and the background of students, the creativity of educators in teaching, the existence of nadzom by Madrasah Diniyah An Nuur Batu, and the existence of additional exciting methods
Path Following With a Fixed-Wing UAV
Authors: Fraire T. Espinoza- , Sáenz J.A.
Published: December 2024

This work presents four control laws applied to path following with a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle, and such control laws are compared to know which of them achieved the control objective with a minor error and control effort. The control laws to compare are Proportional-derivative, Sliding Mode Control (SMC), Nested Saturations, and Fuzzy Logic. The results are obtained after several simulations using the Matlab-Simulink software.
Mehrfachplanfälle, Teilabsichten und komplexe Pläne
Authors: Oliveira Mauro
Published: December 2024

This paper presents an analysis of Richard Holton's multiple‐plan cases. In these cases, we seem to plan with different mutually incompatible ways of reaching a single goal and yet the plan appears rational. I will argue that examples of this kind contain a backup‐plan structure
and that we should understand them as a combination of an intention to try and a conditional intention. This combined analysis avoids the difficulties that other approaches face.
Wandel zum Besseren?: Neuere Forschungen zum Begriff des moralischen Fortschritts
Authors: Hähnel Martin
Published: December 2024

Recently, there has been a growing body of work that takes a closer look at the concept of moral progress. In the following paper, I present various approaches that examine the phenomenon of moral progress by interpreting it in different ways: a) as a gain in inclusivity, b) as a consequence
of comprehensive ethical reflexivity, c) as a cooperative accompaniment of technological and social progression, d) as a historical teleology materializing in the social sphere, e) as a postulate of change in ethical practice and f) as a dynamic medium of exchange between personal and impersonal
reasons. What all these explanations have in common is that they regard moral progress as something desirable and also raise fundamental moral philosophical questions (e.g.What is the good? Are there moral facts? What can a morality look like that is neither selfish nor altruistic?) However,
none of the approaches succeeds in freeing the concept from its inherent ambivalence.
Self-willed assistant: neural networks as an artist’s tool
Authors:   Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Feigelman Artyom M.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses issues related to the use of artificial intelligence (AI) within the frame-work of artistic creativity. Cases are presented demonstrating the influence of AI on modern artistic practices and institutions. It is argued that the capabilities of AI problematize the very subjectivity of the artist and his or her ontological status. The article emphasizes that works created using neural networks should be classified as generative art. An example is given in John Conway’s The Game of Life. The rest of the article discusses neural networks that work based on the “text-to-image” mod-el. The author accentuates the importance of correctly entered prompts (requests) to achieve the desired result and argues that the art of entering prompts has special skills and experience, which brings it closer to tradi-tional art. He assumes that the use of neural networks increases the importance of ran-domness in artistic creativity. The artist seems to delegate part of his or her subjectivity to a neural network, which retains a certain au-tonomy. The ability of a neural network to create original works of art is called into ques-tion, given that it is trained on ready-made samples. However, this feature also brings the neural network closer to ordinary artists, whose development is unthinkable without the influence of other authors. In conclusion, the author emphasizes that the widespread use of neural networks in artistic practices corresponds to a more general trend towards the democratization of art, characteristic of the 20th and 21st centuries.
Is artificial intelligence creative?
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Maslanov Evgeniy V.
Published: December 2024

The article considers the question of the presence of creativity in artificial intelligence. Currently, artificial intelligence systems are quite successful in solving various intellectual problems. Systems that work with large lan-guage models are able to generate texts that are difficult to distinguish from texts created by people. Agents in computer games con-trolled by artificial intelligence can make de-cisions that are unexpected for humans. The question is analyzed: can we say that they have a creative beginning? Large language models, during the learning process, become capable of generating sequences of the most probable tokens – minimal units of data. These sequences acquire meaning only in the process of transcoding them into natural lan-guage and have it only for the person reading them. The creative decisions of agents in computer games may not correspond to the goals of the game as perceived by people. In the first case, it is difficult to talk about crea-tivity, but the second one allows you to see creative potential. As a result, it can be stated that the main difference in both cases is that people’s creativity refers to the interaction with objects that can “fight back”. The con-sideration results in the statement that digital creativity currently exists only in a closed dig-ital world and does not affect the offline world.
Epistemic leader in the dynamics of culture. Example of artificial intelligence
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kasavin Ilya T.
Published: December 2024

The article puts forward the thesis that the nature of artificial intelligence (AI) significant-ly depends on human nature. At the same time, one can hardly grasp AI as copying or developing human abilities. AI is the same tool for the satisfaction and self-realization of a person, as a person is an instrument of soci-ety and culture. This thesis claims to resolve the modern controversy of technology. The latter confronts technology as a copy and con-tinuation of the human hand, as an invention artificially increasing human abilities in the name of human freedom, on the one hand, with technology as alienated from man and opposed to man, hostile artificial reality, in which man loses his free essence, on the oth-er. Man as a creator-inventor opposes man as a designer of an artificial, unreal world. Thus, when the question arises about the applicabil-ity of the term “creativity” to the work and results of AI, then only people can certify this status with respect to the initially installed program. Similarly, in relation to a person, it is much more society that provides and certi-fies the status of a creative result than the in-dividual himself. Thus, AI is similar to man in its limitations and dependence on its creator. At the same time, the modern development of AI is able to turn it into a cultural leader, who, similar to the leaders of previous cultur-al eras, cannot do without a person.
UANG SAKU SEBAGAI FAKTOR PENENTU STATUS GIZI SISWA DI SMP MUHAMMADIYAH 2 MINGGIR
Authors: Nur Aprillia Rosi , Nugroho Agung , Rahmawati Hidayanti Arie
Published: December 2024

Masalah gizi remaja di Indonesia menunjukkan prevalensi yang signifikan terhadap gizi buruk dan obesitas. Uang saku berperan dalam status gizi remaja, di mana jumlah yang lebih besar cenderung mendorong pola konsumsi berlebihan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi korelasi antara uang saku dan status gizi siswa SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Minggir. Studi yang digunakan observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data sekunder diperoleh pada 21 Juli 2023 di SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Minggir. Data berat badan, tinggi badan, diukur langsung di sekolahan menggunakan timbangan digital dan stadiometer oleh petugas terlatih. Tanggal lahir dan uang saku menggunakan kuesioner ditanyakan langsung kepada responden. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 131 responden dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan uji statistik regresi linear sederhana. Hasil pengkajian menyatakan adanya hubungan positif yang signifikan antara uang saku dengan status gizi siswa (coef = 0,0000601, p = 0,0325). Distribusi uang saku dan status gizi (z-score) menunjukkan mean z-score responden sebesar -0,31 dengan standar deviasi 1,36, sedangkan mean uang saku 10.809,16 dengan standar deviasi 4.237,41. Uang saku berperan terhadap varians nilai z-score sebesar 2,8%. Terdapat hubungan antara uang saku dan status gizi, di mana peningkatan uang saku berkorelasi dengan peningkatan status gizi, meskipun dampaknya lemah. Kesimpulan terdapat hubungan signifikan antara uang saku terhadap status gizi.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut terhadap Keterampilan Menyikat Gigi Pada Siswa SDN 17 Kendari
Authors: Afdilla Nia , Farida Jelita Nurul
Published: December 2024

Kesehatan gigi dan mulut merupakan bagian dari kesehatan secara fisik sebagai gerbang awal kesehatan tubuh secara keseluruhan. Pengetahuan adalah hasil kegiatan ingin tahu manusia apa saja melalui beberapa metode dan alat-alat tertentu. Dampak tidak menyikat gigi akan menimbulkan plak serta karies gigi pada anak, dan sisa makanan masih dapat tertinggal disela-sela gigi yang dapat menjadi tempat berkembang biaknya bakteri dan menjadi pemicu dari berbagai macam masalah gigi yang salah satunya adalah karies pada anak sehingga menimbulkan kerusakan gigi. Tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan video animasi dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan keterampilan menyikat gigi. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif, menggunakann desain Pre-test dan Post-test group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel purpositive sampling sebanyak 32 siswa. Hasil analisis Uji wilcoxon dalam penelitian ini didapatkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut (p>0,001), uji analisis Paired Sample T-Test keterampilan menyikat gigi pada siswa (p>0,001). Kesimpulan terdapat perubahan signifikan peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan sebelum dan sesudah diadakan penyuluhan dengan metode video animasi pada siswa SDN 17 Kendari.
Anmerkungen zur »KI-Revolution«
Authors: Schröter Jens
Published: December 2024

Die gegenwärtige Diskussion über die sogenannte Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) ist von einer starken Rhetorik der »Revolution« geprägt. Mit der KI werden große Erwartungen verbunden. Aber wenig überraschend bezieht sich der erwartete revolutionäre Charakter weniger auf sozio-politische Umwälzungen, sondern steht eher in der Tradition der Geschichte sogenannter technischer Revolutionen. Eine solche Rhetorik ist allerdings typisch zumindest für die Einführung neuer Medientechnologien, zu denen man auch KI zählen muss. Um diese Rhetorik einzuordnen, werden zwei Ansätze aus der Medientheorie herangezogen.
KI als Automatisierung von Wissensarbeit
Authors: Schulz Peter
Published: December 2024

In diesem Artikel wird die These einer revolutionären Veränderung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft durch KI-Anwendungen kritisch befragt. Mit Rückgriff auf Friedrich Pollocks »Automation« wird eine Heuristik für eine gesellschaftskritische Analyse des technologischen Fortschritts entworfen, um die Automatisierung von Wissensarbeit durch KI zu untersuchen und Aspekte der aktuellen Entwicklungen einzuordnen. Im Artikel wird auf die Vorbedingungen der KI-Etablierung in der Produktion fokussiert und Arbeitstätigkeiten werden differenziert, insbesondere naturwissenschaftliche Wissensarbeit, um den Begriff der Automatisierung in Bezug auf KI-Anwendungen produktiv zu nutzen.
Die KI schläft nie
Authors: Fitsch Hannah
Published: December 2024

Künstliche Intelligenz markiert einen epistemischen Wandel, der als spezifische Materialisierung subjektiver Rationalität verstanden werden kann. Um ein tieferes Verständnis für die Effekte dieses Wandels zu erlangen, werfe ich einen Rückblick auf die historische Entwicklung der Mathematisierung logisch-philosophischer Prämissen und ihrer späteren Implementierung in Entscheidungsalgorithmen der Künstlichen Intelligenz. Auf diese Weise können generative Algorithmen als technische Materialisierung einer instrumentellen Vernunft verstanden werden, mit entsprechenden Implikationen für das Verhältnis von Ursache und Wirkung, Wahrheit und Faktizität, Subjekt und Objekt, Individuum und kollektiver Praxis.
Theorien der Automatisierung von der industriellen Fabrik bis zu KI-Plattformen
Authors: Pasquinelli Matteo , Schmidt (Übersetzung) Dorothea
Published: December 2024

In der Politischen Ökonomie wie in der Wissenschafts- und Technikgeschichte wurden Theorien zur Automatisierung entwickelt. Hier wird gefragt, in welchem Verhältnis sie zueinanderstehen. Dabei sind drei Perspektiven im Mittelpunkt: die Kapitalinvestitionen, die Gestaltung der Arbeitsteilung und der Standpunkt der Arbeitskräfte. Im Anschluss an frühere Debatten zur Automatisierung werden deren Ergebnisse auf die Entwicklung von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) bezogen und es wird gezeigt, dass der Prozess der Inwertsetzung nicht von der Materialität der lebendigen Arbeit und von den sozialen Beziehungen abstrahiert werden kann, ebenso wenig wie diese von der bestimmenden Wertform.
Industrial Scale-Up Variability and Life Cycle Assessment of Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Mittal Harshit
Published: December 2024

In the instantaneous global industrialisation, there has been an increase in the generalised waste, one of the major pollutants of wastewater. There should be advancements in the existing wastewater treatment technologies to cater for the current water demands. Wastewater treatment requires the oxidation and reduction of organic and drug molecules. Conventional wastewater technologies are expensive for such degradation, and the treatment efficiency is inadequate per the current demands. Hence microbial fuel cells, which are affordable, multi-applicability systems, should be considered for wastewater treatment technologies. This study analyses various country- and industry-wise wastewater production to demonstrate microbial fuel cell treatment technology requirements. According to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), this review also thoroughly discusses the Life Cycle Assessment of various types of Microbial Fuel Cells in order to observe which microbial fuel cells could be applied for different levels of wastewater accumulated geologically as well as industrially. For a thorough treatment of wastewater through MFCs, the review also economically analysed the microbial fuel cells both component-wise and unit-wise, especially towards scale-up. A comprehensive socioeconomic and technological perspective has also been portrayed in order to showcase the need to transition from conventional wastewater treatment technologies towards microbial fuel cells.
[Withdrawn] Calibrating DRAMPower Model: A Runtime Perspective from Real-System HPC Measurements
Authors: Shi Xinyu , Abdelhamid Dina Ali , Ilsche Thomas , Chamazcoti Saeideh Alinezhad , Evenblij Timon , Gupta Mohit , Biswas Dwaipayan , Catthoor Francky
Published: December 2024

This manuscript has been withdrawn.
Main approaches to the formation of a sustainable system for green plantating within the Art Cluster “Tavrida” (South-Eastern Crimea)
Authors: Repeckaya Anna , Vishnevskiy Stanislav Olegovich , Savushkina Irina , Gorodnyaya E , Rudyk Aleksandr
Published: December 2024

Abstract. We haven’t scientific valid list of species for greening of landscaping objects within the South-Eastern Crimea, as a result of which a large loss of planting material ruination, low growth rates, and lack of decorativeness in planted plants during landscape planning. The main goal of our research is to develop a dendrological assortment, compositional approaches and elements of agrotechnics to the formation of a sustainable system of green spaces of the Art Cluster “Tavrida” taking into account the soil and climatic conditions of Kapselskaya Bay in South-Eastern Crimea. We used comparative-geographical, cartographic methods, methods for assessing the success of introduction plants and landscape planning. The main limiting factors: high summer temperatures; drought; negative winter temperatures; high insolation and wind load; sea breezes and dry winds; heavy rainfall; complex terrain; heavy waterproof low-fertility saline soils. A basic assortment for arboreal and shrubby plants with the following features has been developed: high heat resistance; high drought resistance (air and soil); relative winter hardiness; ability to tolerate soil compaction and salinization; resistance to mechanical and drying effects of wind, marine aerosols; ability to withstand soaking during heavy rains and storms. The assortment consists of 45 species, forms and varieties, including 12 conifers and 33 deciduous species. In regard to biomorphological features – 20 species of trees, 23 – shrubs and 2 – vines. Garden roses are represented by varieties from the garden groups floribunda, groundcover, polyanthus and climbing. Recommendations are given for towards in special types of garden and park plantings. Not recommended of plants groups are defined: mesophytes, golden and variegated forms and cultivars; invasive species and cultivars damaged by dangerous pests. The functional program, compositional solutions, and style of the landscape object are determined by two main circumstances: firstly, the creative focus of the space and the main target group of users – young people; secondly, the high aesthetic potential of natural landscapes and the recognizable authentic appearance of the surroundings of the Tavrida Art Cluster – the Meganom Peninsula and Cape Alchak. Complex soil conditions require additional pre-planting preparation of sites, such as making drainage, increasing the volume of planting capacity to compared the standard, substitution the soil to fertile crumbly substrate.
The influence of diet components on the productivity and functional condition of Kholmogory cows
Authors: Volkova Natalya , Dydykina Alexandra , Nakonechny Alexander , Vyazminov A.
Published: December 2024

Abstract. To realize the genetic potential of dairy cows with high productivity, the qualitative composition of the feed is of key importance. The purpose of this study is the effectiveness of publicly available feed additives – “Carbohydrate-protein mixture” (1st experiment) and “Protected fat” Energizer Gold (2nd experiment) on the productivity of Kholmogory cows, on the content of fat and protein in milk, on the functional state of animals, including taking into account the bloodline of the Holstein breed. Methods. Scientific and production experiments were carried out by the pair-analogue method on 40 lactating cows of the Kholmogory breed of Agrofirma Kholmogorskaya LLC, Arkhangelsk region. The scientific novelty consists in obtaining new knowledge about the effect of feed not only on productivity and fat and protein content in milk, but also on the functional state of Kholmogory cows, including those with different percentages of Holstein blood. Results. When assessing the average group results of daily milk yield, a positive effect was established from including it in the diet according to the feed recommendations. At the same time, the “Carbohydrate-protein mixture” increases the protein content in milk, no increase in the fat content of milk, stated in the recommendations for the use of “Protected fat”, was noted. A decrease in the fat to protein ratio in milk, reflecting the functional state of the cows, was noted, below the standard results in Experiment 1 already from the second, and in Experiment 2 from the fourth control milking, preserved until the end of the study. The best effect on the studied indicators for both feed additives was noted in the Kholmogory cow breed with less Holstein blood.
Background to the existence of variation in the innate immune response in Galleria mellonella
Authors: Shamaev Nikolay Dmitrievich
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Pathogen abundance or pathogen genotypes may vary in space or time, resulting in fluctuations in immune responses. Genetic variation in the presence of biogeographically determined intraspecific diversity provides important information about the presence of such variations in a species widely used in laboratories and distributed worldwide, suggesting the presence of different immune responses against pathogens. Invertebrates have balancing selection with specific coevolution, in contrast to vertebrate AMPs, which have strong positive selection and a high probability of coevolution. Balancing selection on individual AMP genes in invertebrates may result in polymorphisms in amino acid sequences, potentially changing susceptibility to pathogens, the study of which is of high scientific significance. The purpose of the study was to investigate the potential existence of an extended haplotype (common to several individuals) or a separate haplotype encoding AMP among non-mammalian model organisms. Methods. The object of this study was a model organism (the greater wax moth Galleria mellonella). The analysis of G. mellonella genome assemblies was performed using 11 nuclear targets and the 16S ribosomal RNA region. Results. Six biogeographically distinct individuals were identified, obtained from both natural and artificial ecosystems: either from adults or larvae. Scientific novelty. The 11 nuclear targets encoding G. mellonella antimicrobial peptides and the 16S ribosomal RNA region helped to distinguish three population groups, which potentially supports the hypothesis of the existence of a variable innate immune response in this laboratory model in the presence of biogeographically determined intraspecific diversity.