bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role and importance of public relations at non-governmental organizations
Authors: Duhalm Simona
Published: January 2018

Phenomenon of globalization during the twentieth century, has increased the importance of nongovernmental organizations. Their development has gained to the whole world providing an important part of social, educational, cultural and welfare services that the community felt. Voluntary and non-profit activity which it carries led, implicitly, to increasing importance in public relations sector, compared with profit business.
How do we know when the change is optimal?
Authors: Latu Lazar , Latu Roxana
Published: January 2018

The analysis of the external environment must not be limited to the identification of the external factors, but must also take into account their importance. The real management capacity consists of finding out their signification, of identifying exactly those factors which may have a special influence upon the organization. As a consequence of the fact that the external environment is dynamic, it is important to understand correctly the direction of the moment and the location of the change.
Risk Management in Public Procurement Process
Authors: Manea Ioana , Popa Ioana
Published: January 2018

Public procurement represents an important part of the current economy reality. Throughout the procurement process, due to the effect of the interaction among the components of the public procurement system, certain actions with significant negative effects on its optimal operation may occur. Risks may turn into certainty either because of a simple error in the development and administration of the procurement process, or because of a deliberate deviation from the existing legal provisions. Therefore, there is an imperative for the implementation of certain risk-avoiding measures, as well as of measures aiming to reduce their negative effects in case of their occurrence.
Social Responsibility At The Academic Level. Study Case: The University Of Bucharest
Authors: Marinescu Paul , Toma Sorin , Constantin Ionut
Published: January 2018

In the last decades the corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been a major subject both for universities, civil society and businesses. Although the CSR concept is especially promoted by large multinational and transnational corporations, it has become also a prominent issue for universities. Social responsibility represents more than a challenge for universities. It has to be a purpose of the universities, taking into account that young people formation also means creating a high level of awareness about the need to involve members of society in solving social problems. Our paper contributes for better clarifying the CSR concept and presents as a study case some of initiatives of the University of Bucharest related to the social responsibility.
Good manners and etiquette- components of businessman’s image
Authors: Turcu Ovidiu , Feraru Andreea
Published: January 2018

Modern management takes particular interest in people, in knowing them from a psychosocial perspective, considering their entire personality. It is based on human-centred systems, solving people’s problems, treating humans as subjects not as objects, so that it creates a positive psychosocial environment – the only one which incites, stimulates, mobilizes people for work, inventiveness and creation. There will always be aspects to learn in a business environment which is continuously evolving. Success does not only depend on the ability to distinguish chances and opportunities, it also relies on leaving behind a personal card which makes a good impression and which strengthens business relations in the long run.
XBRL – Revolution in the Digital Financial Reporting of the Romanian Organizations
Authors: Enachi Mihaela
Published: January 2018

The simplification of the transfer of the information from financial statements to the users from different countries, its understanding and correct interpretation before taking decisions require the global unification of the accounting language to optimal fructify the benefits of an efficient and effective communication. Thus, a current concern of the specialists is to develop a universal language for financial reporting, the best achievement to date being represented by the XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language).
A regional perspective on the spatial concentration in Romania’s international trade in 2011
Authors: Stangaciu Ancuta
Published: January 2018

In this study, I aimed at analyzing the territorial structure of the international trade in Romania in 2011 on the level of each development region. Starting from the values of the export and import trade flows pertaining to each region of Romania and using statistical methods of analysis, we processed the existing data in order to determine the distribution of foreign trade and to emphasize the regional poles of competitiveness from this point of view. Since other indexes, such as the trade balance or the import/export coverage ratio, are also marks of competitiveness and of the increase or decrease in the performance of a certain economy, we also calculated these indexes for each region of the country. In order to statistically substantiate the existence of a certain degree of spatial concentration of the Romanian international trade in different regions of the country, we resorted to the boxplot graphical representation and to the Gini square and the Gini index respectively.
Implications of the main mathematical methods on marketing decision making process
Authors: Olariu Ioana
Published: January 2018

Decision analysis incorporates both the awareness of decision makers, which is located between total confidence and total ignorance and action values assigned to outcomes variants, meaning decision makers preferences. Marketing actions are often insecure. Under these conditions, to achieve the desired result, the company management shall have decision analysis models based on mathematical theories developed in recent decades. Decision analysis is the procedural and formal logic highlights include decision makers a situation and a number of techniques that determine the selection of a solution which solves the problem. Methodological approach of this process serves to form makers options.
ABOUT POSSIBILITY OF USAGE METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO BANKRUPTCY PREDICTION
Authors: Druzin Ruslan Valentinovich
Published: January 2018

Analysis of the most common foreign methods showed that they were designed to analyze enterprises in the sustainable economic development with low-shadowing of the economy. The most appropriate retrospective analysis results were obtained using Springate model, Lis ratio and Beaver ratio. Domestic methods analysis allows us to conclude that they make it difficult to account criterion of insolvency using a number of factors. Ukrainian researchers, as well as foreigners, use indexes for bankruptcy prediction that are based on convolution values of different insolvency signs. However, we believe that usage of a single indicator as a result doesn’t allow us to make an insolvency diagnosis. The reason is high probability of an erroneous calculation because of the unreliability of the data used. Also, one of domestic methods problems is their orientation to the official statistics that increases the error due to significant domestic shadowing economy.
POLISH AND EUROPEAN ECONOMIC CULTURE – A COMPARISON
Authors: Ścibiorska-Kowalczyk Izabela
Published: January 2018

The term "economic culture" describes historically shaped elements in the general culture of population, concerning values recognized and desired by a particular community, relating to the management and to the economic system of the states. The most important economic cultural behaviors include: awareness of economic choices, attitudes and behaviors of economic choices, the rules of the economic game. There is a theory which assumes that the globalization of the economy will lead to the emergence of a single, common to the whole world culture through enculturation, which is defined as a gradual process of growing of the individual (or group) into the culture or cultures through assimilation of cultural heritage of the surrounding community. More inculturation can be understood as a process of movement between different cultures come into contact and the transmission of cultural patterns. The article is an attempt at presenting the Polish economic culture against the European background and identifying the differences. It discusses the impact of national history and religion on the present shape of economic life, with particular regard to its negative aspects, i.e. the relatively high level of bribery and unemployment or the negative personal attitudes.
THE COORDINATES AND TYPOLOGY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PUBLIC SYSTEM AND THE DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF STAKEHOLDERS
Authors: Neamtu Florentina , Zait Luminita
Published: January 2018

The development of the new information and communication technologies, which favored the modern societies transformation into knowledge-based society, forced a reconsideration of the governance principles based on what Abraham Lincoln said “Governance of citizens by citizens and for citizens''. The knowledge society coordinates raises new challenges for the public system, offering, at the same time, the opportunity to do activities more efficient and to development those approach that brings the citizen closer to public systems. Basically, by reconsidering and by emerging in the public system of concepts such as ethics, social responsibility and sustainable development it has been created the coordinates of oriented citizens implementation framework. Governments around the world are making significant efforts towards e-governance assimilation and implementation. These efforts are not focused only on the digitization process itself, but also target a broader reorganization of the public services process and of the participation processes based on the new information technologies. The article presents, based on a detailed analysis of the literature, different models that capture and define the relationships developed by public institutions with various categories of stakeholders.
THE DETERMINANTS OF E-GOVERNMENT RELATIONAL MODELS CONSTRUCTION: INTERACTION, COMMUNICATION, PARTICIPATION AND COLLABORATION
Authors: Neamtu Florentina , Nichifor Bogdan
Published: January 2018

In recent decades the integrating approach of new information and communication technologies in the public sector grew faster. Worldwide, most states have made and still make substantiate efforts towards the coherent strategies implementation in order to favor the complex process of integrating the new information and communication technologies. Regardless of the objectives - maximizing efficiency, increase transparency in the decision process, improve service quality or citizen participation in decision making - what we call today e-Government has become an essential mechanism in administrative reforms, independent of aggregation level. The article presents an analysis of the factors that define the outline of the e-government relational model.
A FRAMING OF FUTURE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT ELECTIONS 2014 IN A SOCIAL MEDIA CONTEXT
Authors: Pocovnicu Dorian , Manolache Mădălina , Epuran Gheorghe
Published: January 2018

Communication in marketing has always been a continuous conceptual hybrid of input from various domains: marketing, P.R., communication, sociology. With the constant transformation of web 2.0. phenomenon, the demarcation lines between these domains and their influence has become more blured and difficult to pinpoint. As a result, specific research methods and theories have become adaptable instruments, laying the path for grounded theory approaches or new research methods. Framing theory, having as basis that the media focuses attention on certain events and then places them within a field of meaning, has shifted towards organisations, and further on, to institutions. Framing is a quality of communication that leads others to accept one meaning over another. Framing theory suggests that how something is presented (the “frame”) influences the choices people make. In online communicative contexts, their own personal framings allows the communicative actors to make use of language and forethought so that specific embodiments of future evolutions may be depicted. In our case, we shall focus on the topic: European Parliament elections, which are to take place in 2014, and on the manner in which it has been framed in two online chat session with three MEPs. It is our intention to identify the framing techniques used, the framing links and the framing alignments.
THE EVOLUTION OF THE MARKETING RESEARCH MARKET ON THE LEVEL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES, AFTER 2000
Authors: Timiras Laura Catalina
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this paper is to identify how the marketing research market evolved after 2000 as a whole and by categories of the EU countries (the old and the new states respectively) as well as the impact of the general economic development on this evolution of the market. Since 2000 the marketing research market registered a spectacular evolution in the new EU members, which certifies that it is in the growth stage. In the old member states the marketing research market reached maturity, the dynamics being slyghtly positive or even stationary. Regardless of the marketing research market trends registered in the old or in the new EU members, the development levels attained in the two categories of states are different. Thus, approximately 90% of the marketing research market of the EU belongs to the old states and only about 10% to the new members. Similarly to the markets of other products, the market studied here was also affected by the economic crisis, so all the EU countries registered involutions (followed by recoveries) along with the onset of recession. In the countries analyzed, the relationship between the size of the marketing research market and the general economic development expressed by the GDP was a strong and direct one (both in the EU as a whole and by categories of EU countries), higher values of GDP being associated with larger (in terms of value) marketing research markets.
EQUALITY OF OPPORTUNITY BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN ON THE LABOUR MARKET – THE GENDER PAY GAP WITHIN THE EU MEMBER STATES
Authors: Stângaciu Oana Ancuţa
Published: January 2018

The actions taken for the promotion of the equality of opportunity between men and women and for eliminating the direct or the indirect discrimination apply to the field of employment as well as to the field of education, health, culture, information and the participation in the decision making process. Starting from one of the objectives of the Strategy for the equality of opportunity, being aware of the real situation of women participation compared to men participation to the economical and social life, this analysis offers a perspective on the equality of opportunity between men and women in the field of employment, seen based on the statistical data. Thus, in order to quantify this phenomenon using methods specific to the statistical analysis, we used the gender pay gap indicator pertaining to the EU member states per total economy, as well as per economical activities, and the research results show that on the EU level there are still significant gender pay gaps.
THE POLITICAL ACTOR’S BRAND IN THE 2012 BACĂU ELECTORAL CAMPAIGN
Authors: Cirtita-Buzoianu Cristina
Published: January 2018

This paper aims to analyze the image and identity of political actors during an electoral campaign, as these two elements are defining for political marketing in attracting and convincing voters. With that in mind we will monitor the image of the two candidates for the position of mayor in the 2012 electoral campaign in Bacău, as it appeared in the written local press. The analysis of the two politicians will be made from the perspective of two pre-established image indicators: the political and the human dimensions. Each of the two dimensions has sub indicators pre-established in order to validate the general mediatized image of the candidate. Regarding the political dimension we will measure the sub indicators: political communication, attitude towards corruption, interest for civil problems, the ability to negotiate and political project, while the human dimension has the following sub indicators: faith, empathy, morality, honesty, charisma, consistency and leadership. Thus, we will try to identify if there are major differences between the two dimensions, for the two candidates, from a quantitative as well as a qualitative perspective.
VALUE OF THE NET TREASURY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON THE FINANCIAL STABILITY OF THE COMPANY
Authors: Solomon Daniela-Cristina , Bucur Iulia Andreea
Published: January 2018

Practice proved that the management process cannot be based on routine and intuition, but on scientific analysis, on deep knowledge of the actual situation, as well as on identifying the vulnerabilities and the development opportunities. The economic and financial analysis performed by means the net treasury has the role of using the information supplied by accounting, based on which conclusions will be drawn on the efficiency of the activity performed within an entity. The importance of the net treasury arises from the fact that it shows the amount of liquid assets of an entity at a certain moment in time, being connected to the short-term financial operations, the purpose of which is to ensure the resources necessary to finance the company’s economic activity. The net treasury synthetically reflects the method of achieving financial stability within the company on long and short term. Our endeavour ends by determining the strengths and the weaknesses in the activity of a trading company, as well as the measures that are to be applied on short and on long term in order to achieve the present objectives.
LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK OF BROADCASTING IN ROMANIA AND IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Prihoanca Diana , Amălăncei Brândușa-Mariana
Published: January 2018

Romania’s adherence to the European Union implied the previous and entire acceptance of the Community acquis in force on 31st of December 1999. Our country didn’t request any period of transition or of derogation in this meaning, being among the first states from East Europe that regulated the audio-visual department, after the occidental model. In order to harmonize the Romanian legislation with the European standards, The National Council of the Audio-Visual Department adopted and transposed a whole range of acts and decisions that we will try to synthesize in our paper. In the adoption of the acquis, the NAC has to watch whether the adopted decisions are conform to the progress at European level. It is necessary to continue strengthening the administrative capacities of NAC to ensure a transparent and predictable implementation of the regulatory framework in the field of audiovisual policy. In Romania, the normative acts that regulate aspects concerning general advertising and promotional communication through television are: Advertising Act and the Broadcasting Act.
PUBLIC RELATIONS IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: ROLE AND MANAGEMENT, IN A SOCIO-POLITICAL MARKETING CONTEXT
Authors: Pocovnicu Dorian
Published: January 2018

Many agree that PR and marketing are at their best when used together, when it comes to local public administration institutions there is the need for both an individual and symbiotic approach of the two. Taking into consideration that public interest organizations act within public space, PR represents a public communication strategy. Thus they present the role of generating a climate and state of social normality and, especially in democratic societies, PR plays the part of generator of communication flows between public institutions, citizens and stakeholders. In a social-political marketing context, envisaged as an aggregate of processes, with a multiple purpose, the generator which is PR must unfold coherently for each of the processes. It is our purpose in this paper to depict the PR role and management in the case of one local public administration institution (Bacau Prefect Institution), in a socio-political marketing context.
MARKETING AND INNOVATION – A RELATIONSHIP APPROACH
Authors: Boier Rodica
Published: January 2018

This paper deals with innovation from a relationship marketing perspective, the company's ability to maintain interactions with its stakeholders, to take advantage from the information achieved, and this way to create new products and generate loyalty through customer satisfaction. The analysis of innovation from a relationship establishment standpoint can only be viewed interdisciplinary at its core, with research and development, design, management, and marketing being symbiotically combined, with focus on stakeholders’ involvement. The paper reviwes the most significat literature in the area. There is a two-way connection between relationship marketing and innovation. On one hand, the newly launched product, conceived together with the stakeholders, is likely to generate satisfaction and, hence, customer loyalty and retention, with all known positive consequences. On the other hand, the repeated satisfaction felt by the stakeholder encourages him to expect even more from the innovative organization in what concerns the successfully launched new products. This way, the effective stakeholder involvement in the value creation process provides a strong basis for further innovation.
ASPECTS CONCERNING INTERIM FINANCIAL REPORTING IN ROMANIA: STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
Authors: Rotila Aristita
Published: January 2018

The mechanisms employed for the communication of accounting information that is necessary for users in their economic decision-making process consist of the financial statements of an entity. All legal entities, no matter the domain of their activity, have the obligation to draw up annual financial statements for every completed financial year. For certain categories of entities, reporting obligations are also required for periods other than the annual reporting, throughout the financial year. It is the case of interim financial reporting. At the level of the international accounting framework, the aspects related to interim financial reporting are the subject of a separate standard, namely, IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting. In Romania, the current system of accounting regulations concerning the annual financial statements comprises accounting regulations that comply with the European directives and which apply to the various categories of entities, on the one hand and, on the other, accounting regulations in line with the IFRS, which are applicable to other classes of entities from certain activity sectors. The accounting regulations that apply to each category refer to, among other things, the contents and the format of financial statements that have to be presented. Analysing the system of norms and regulations, this article identifies the requirements concerning interim financial reporting in Romania, with reference to the different types of entities.
PARTICULARITIES OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE COSMETICS MARKET
Authors: Harja Eugenia , Timiras Laura Catalina
Published: January 2018

Based on some results of a research organized in the county of Bacau on consumers of cosmetics, using the questionnaire, this article analyses a number of issues with regard to consumer behavior, namely: cosmetics brand most commonly purchased by consumers, cosmetics category to which are allocated the largest sums of money, the amounts of money that consumers are willing to spend per month to purchase these types of products, the importance of some of the main criteria considered when buying cosmetic products and differences manifested in categories of respondents by a number of variables such as age, sex, marital status, income and living environment. The research was conducted using a sample of 500 respondents non-randomly selected, so that the results presented refer only to the studied sample, being a guide to community from which it was extracted.
TEENAGERS AND THE USE OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES (ICT) FOR HEALTH INFORMATION
Authors: Duduciuc Alina Catalina
Published: January 2018

The spread of health messages through ICTs has raised the issues of source reliability more than ever before. There are many channels for adolescents where they can find information about health, and sometimes these messages are contradictory. In this research I employed a qualitative approach to investigate how adolescents seek information about health through ICTs, what kind of health related topics they search on Internet, whether they rely on their peers, teachers or primary group when they are aware of being in risk, and how they assess a source as trustworthy in covering health information. Additionally, the current study surveys what it means for teenagers to be in a good physical condition, including their habits regarding self-medication, nutrition, physical activity, weight maintenance, and how they communicate with respect to the above-mentioned health-issues through ICTs. On this purpose, I conducted two focus group interviewed with 22 Romanian adolescents, aged between 12 and 17 years, who have Facebook accounts and own smartphones connected to the Internet. The main findings suggest that teenagers search the Internet to some extent as a response to factors that threaten the health condition, such as the presence of physical symptoms that are overwhelming or stressful. The emotional adjustment is rather targeted to social support offline sources (friends, parents and doctors) than online ones.
BRAND NAMING: SOUND SYMBOLISM, BRAND PREFERENCE AND BRAND PERFORMANCE
Authors: Duduciuc Alina Catalina , Ivan Loredana
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study is to highlight the importance of sound symbolism for Romanian marketing and advertising applied research. Previous research showed that the phonetic structure of brand name communicates its characteristics, i.e. it drives consumers to assess certain features and performance of the product. We assumed that when consumers encounter an unknown brand name, they automatically infer characteristics from the meaning conveyed by the sounds (e.g. phonemes). Therefore, we supposed that a brand name for a shampoo (artificially created on experimental purpose) containing back vowels is evaluated better by consumers when they compare it to another brand name with front vowels. Furthermore, we tested the influence of the stops and fricatives consonants in inferring certain attributes of product. To this end, fifty nine students (N=59) participated in a research based on questionnaire. The results revealed that subjects evaluated better the brand names containing back vowels than brand names with front vowel. No effect was obtained regarding the presence of stops and fricatives consonants in assessing the brand performance.
THE ROLE OF CREATIVITY IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Dromereschi Maria Irina
Published: January 2018

One of the most important factors to explain the sudden relevance of entrepreneurship, was the importance of creativity as a new source of competitiveness. Psychologists argue that being creative means to create something new, original and appropriate reality. Creative is characterized by originality and expressiveness, is imaginative, generative, pathfinder, invention, innovation etc. Increasing effects of globalization leads to the need creative approach in a market with a high level of opportunity and competition. Entrepreneurial factors overlap with many creative features such as curiosity, self-confidence, a high level of energy, responsibility and vision. As a highly complex mental formation, creativity is characterized by a multitude of ways such as productivity, usability, efficiency, value, ingenuity, innovation and originality. The impact of entrepreneurial creativity extends to the whole life of an entrepreneur, and not just during business. Success is stimulated by the use of juxtaposition and combination of different ideas that often but not related to the impact on decision making. Entrepreneurial Creativity should be seen as a competitive force and portfolio of skills. Adopting a creative entrepreneurial approach protects us from uncertainty and ambiguity in decision making in the external environment.
NEW REQUIREMENTS FOR STATUTORY AUDITORS IN EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Botez Daniel
Published: January 2018

Statutory audit missions are completed through the drawing up of audit reports. The elements of an audit report are standardized by International Standard on Audit ISA 700 “Forming an opinion and reporting on financial statements”. In April 2014, Directive 2006/43/EC on statutory audits of annual accounts and consolidated financial statements has been amended by Directive 2014/56/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of April 2014. All in the month of April 2014, the European Parliament and the Council adopted Regulation No 136/66/EEC. 537/2014 Regarding specific requirements relating to statutory audits of public interest entities. These documents provide for expanded content for the report of the Audit Board and some additional requirements. In this way the Directive 2014/56/EC lays down mandatory items in the report of the Audit Board additional to those laid down by international reference. Regulation lays down the duty of auditor’s entities of public interest to include in the report of the Audit Board items additional to those laid down by the Directive. Furthermore, lays down an obligation for them to send, in addition to the report of the Audit Board, Other reports content well specified: a supplementary report addressed to the audit committee of the entity audited; a report to the supervisory authority of the entity of public interest; a report of transparency, which will be published on their web site; and, A report by the authority to the monitoring by reporting list of entities of public interest audited and of revenue. Such reports together with some comments, is the subject of article.
AN OVERVIEW OF FISCAL CONSOLIDATION PROCESS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION
Authors: Bucur Iulia Andreea , Muntean Mircea
Published: January 2018

This paper aims to explore, based on theoretical and empirical research in the field and on data available on Eurostat and European Commission, in the context of financial significant imbalances and thus of the financial stress in the EU countries and especially in the Euro area, the main developments in the fiscal consolidation process given the fiscal effort of each country towards fiscal union. Since the financial crisis started in 2008, many EU Member States demonstrates an obvious macroeconomic imbalance which requires increased responsibility regarding fiscal developments. The impact of the crisis and the causes of sovereign debt high levels trends varied between EU countries as well as the budget deficit levels. Thus, the main priority for EU members must be the continuation of differentiated fiscal consolidation, given the specificities of each economy, favoring growth. The medium-term fiscal policy needs to focus on consolidating public finances along with restoring long-term sustainability.
THE EFFECT OF IMPLEMENTING CORE BANKING SERVICES ON PROFITABILITY. CASE STUDY: ALL BRANCHES OF A PRIVATE BANK IN MASHHAD
Authors: Dehghan Mansour , Ghafoorifard Mahdi , Shamsi Babak , Seyed heydari Seyed hamid Seyed heydari
Published: January 2018

Recently, the growth of information technology and increasing competition among banks has considerably affected attracting customers. Banking industry has made great changes to transform into the core banking. The present study aims to assess the effect of the implementation of core banking services on profitability. These services, as different branches of electronic banking, are consisting of internet banking, mobile banking, telephone banking, point of sale (POS), ATM, and electronic money which are all tested in the current study. In order to test research hypotheses and the existing relationship between variables, needed data has been collected and analyzed through the application of stepwise regression model. The achieved findings indicate a significant relationship between the application of internet banking and ATM and the variable of profitability, while there is no significant relationship between the application of telephone banking, mobile banking, POS, and electronic money and profitability.
THE PERVASIVENESS OF METAPHOR IN THE LANGUAGE OF ECONOMICS
Authors: Telibașa Gabriela
Published: January 2018

Nowadays, metaphors can be seen in a totally new light, exceeding their primary function of being used only as ornamental tropes and becoming powerful instruments of expressiveness. They are active in the development of a conceptual framework for representing new ideas, as well as in providing new meaning. With their help, readers gain a more precise understanding of the terminology and scientific concepts and therefore, contribute to a greater accuracy in the use of language. Given their pervasiveness, language becomes less abstract and more manageable in concretising, objectivising or even humanising concepts. Economy related topics are part of our everyday’s language. Having a close relationship with human beings and human society, the field of Economics becomes a rich linguistic domain which, if explored, proves to be very productive in offering semantic extension. Applying conceptual terminology to corpus material we shall try to identify, classify and gather information with specific interest in metaphors that belong to the field of Economics.
PERSONAL BANKRUPTCY AND THE ROMANIAN REALITIES
Authors: Condrache Mihaela , Niminet Liviana Andreea
Published: January 2018

Bankruptcy is defined as the legal situation in which an individual, a company or an institution cannot meet outstanding liabilities, which are superior in value compared to available assets. Personal bankruptcy refers to the situation described above in the case of individuals. This highly important legal and economic institution was long ago settled in the United States of America, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Japan, and recently in former communist countries such as Poland, Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania, existing throughout the EU, except for Romania, Bulgaria and Hungary. In December 2015, in Romania, the Personal Bankruptcy Law is to come into force and this article focuses on the main aspects of the three steps procedure comprised in it as well as on the advantages and disadvantages from all involved parts perspective, that is: individual debtors, Banks as creditors and state institutions as third parties highlighting the main changes that are to happen both for individuals as well as for the society as a whole.
LONELINESS, SOCIAL INTERACTIONS AND SENSE OF HUMOR. A QUANTITATIVE STUDY COMPARING ROMANIAN STUDENTS AND OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Schiau Ioana
Published: January 2018

The current study explores social and emotional loneliness, social interactions and humor in a sample of Romanian students, departing from the Schiau 2016 study that found the production and social use of humor to be correlated to a reduced social loneliness in a sample of Romanian older adults. Studies indicate that loneliness can be experienced at any age, and that humor can act as a coping mechanism with life’s difficulties, triggering positive emotions. The current study replicates findings in the literature, indicating that younger adults experience less loneliness than older adults, and use more humor than older adults. Young women in the sample had a significantly more positive attitude towards humor than the men. This study has useful implications for a number of fields, including the economic and marketing sectors. The current student population represents a growing market, and studies indicate that the use of humor by service providers may intervene with any negative feelings that could cause clients to withdraw their engagement and cooperation in the service endeavor (Locke, 1996). Therefore, we argue that, for the retail and service sector, it is important to understand the different approach towards humor by the different age and gender groups discussed in this study.
OPERATIONAL RISK MANAGEMENT APPROACHES WITHIN AN INVESTMENT FUND. SIF MOLDOVA CASE STUDY
Authors: Ciocea Costel
Published: January 2018

Operational risk management consists in the identification and measurement, as complete as possible, of these risks, so that the company to be able to establish appropriate measures to avoid, reduce, transfer or accept, consciously, the risk. The main goal is prevention. Operational risk management is a complex process which involves their identification, assessment, monitoring and management. Starting from the European legislation, SIF Moldova has developed and adapted its own operational risk management system, targeting mainly its identification and evaluation, the analysis of activities vulnerable to operational risk, the establishment of the potential risks for each type of activity, the limitation of the operational risk caused by improper data processing, the implementation of internal regulations on the prevention and discovery of facts that can generate losses. To ensure an adequate quality of operational risk management and of the activities related to their control as well as for maintaining an appropriate level of accuracy on information provided to the supervisory authority (ASF), it is essential that the investment fund to build a stable and viable database, containing information relating to extended periods, and to ensure continued maintenance of this database.
CREATING VALUE WITHIN CONSUMPTION CULTURE
Authors: Gârdan Daniel Adrian , Epuran Gheorghe , Gârdan Iuliana Petronela
Published: January 2018

The issue of culture consumption is a particular concern within the modern marketing theory. Culture can be seen as representing a body of knowledge, beliefs, values, attitudes, symbols etc, developed in a certain period of time by a group of individuals, items transmitted with the help of a social learning process to other generations within the group. Thus, the consumption of culture will identify itself with the consumption of any product, service or a combination of them, directly resulted as manifestation of culture, expressions of artistic creativity specific for a certain cultural space. The present paper proposes the analysis of the phenomenon referring to the culture consumption in terms of specific characteristics. The paper reviews the features specific to the modern consumer of culture, the relationship that exists between the individuals’ level of education and the culture consumption and value creation process or augmentation of the intrinsic value of an artistic product as a result of the contribution that the culture consumer can bring himself. The authors highlight the fact that within extremely complex processes which are defining the culture consumption, consumers can assume an active role, becoming on their turn co-participants in the cultural goods and services value creation and transmission. The modern consumer benefits more than ever from the advantages offered by the information technology, being called to respond to major challenges of the postmodernism paradigm in terms of culture consumption. Globalization and other social economic and politic phenomena have profoundly changed the reports between individual and culture, between self and other members of the society, causing synthesis and essential transformations of culture consumption, of culture consumers typologies, and not least of the very forms of artistic expression related to cultural goods and services.
CREATIVITY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP. METHODS OF STIMULATING CREATIVITY
Authors: Dromereschi Maria Irina
Published: January 2018

Creativity as producing new information system, you can put in what seems unconnected connection, after so many forms of the unfold plan and in content. An entrepreneur will think and do new things or old things in a new form trying to transform ideas into tangible things, products and services. Entrepreneurship is the process through which all functions, activities and actions are shared to identify business opportunities and creating organizations through which they will be used in order to obtain profit and meeting social interests. Boosting creativity is justified in that creative activity is educated, even if some native elements have their own importance in the creative process. If we start from the idea that most barriers to creative thinking are all human creations, tributaries of the left hemisphere, will have to find alternative responses to stimulation, shaping and maintaining the creative process and even create organizational culture conducive to the creative process. Ideas are our tenement dwellers and often are near us in the simplest and quickest form. Just educate us the activation process and instituting the ideas process which involves methods fall under three broad categories: imaginative, heuristics and logical approach. Subject to the risk taken, the combination of these methods can provide as many alternatives to a reality whose details they ultimately determines who assumes the risk of their own decisions.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF TRANSPORTATION IN THE TOURISM INDUSTRY – DIMENSIONS AND ACTIONS
Authors: Stefanica Mirela
Published: January 2018

The development of tourism and the increase in the number of travellers at the level of certain areas of touristic interest brings socio-economic benefits and also leads to the damaging of the quality of the environment. Transportation, as component of the tourism industry, has many side effects on the environment due to carbon dioxide emissions, pollution, etc. The work mainly emphasizes the way in which air, road, rail and water transportation influences the quality of the environment, contributing to global warming at the same time. Climate change, a consequence of global warming, is perhaps the biggest problem of the beginning of the millennium, representing one of the most prodigious forces that will affect the progress of humanity in the 21st century and later. In this sense, our paper tries to draw attention to the adaptation measures meant to diminish the vulnerability of climate change at the level of tourism, in general and transportation, in particular.
PUBLIC SECTOR - CONCEPTUAL ELEMENTS, IMPLICATIONS IN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL LIFE
Authors: Popa Florina
Published: January 2018

The public economy, branch of economic science analyses the state, as economic actor; its field of research interacts with investigations of other areas of economic science (monetary, international trade, market organization etc.). The state has experienced various stages of manifestation of its role in the economy, against the changes in society, which led to either an increase in its intervention, to regulate market phenomena, the recovery of economic activity in times of crisis, or to its decline against the modernization of the economies of industrialized countries, the increase of the role of entrepreneurs, technological progress. Thus, the development of economic science, changes in economic area, the emergence of capitalism, of industrialization in the nineteenth century, especially the second half, outlined a new role towards state intervention in economic life; in the context of new economic developments of the last decades of the twentieth century, the interventionist role of the state has diminished, the state giving up certain activities, in return for initiating other actions (privatization, reducing state monopoly, deregulation).nThe paper presents conceptual elements referring to public sector, peculiarities that distinguish it from the private sector, as well as issues about the state implication in the economic life, in different periods of evolution of society.
THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF LABOR MARKET AND FEMALE LABOR FORCE CHARACTERISTICS IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Jaba Elisabeta , Sandu Christiana , Plopeanu Aurelian , Robu Ioan , Istrate Marinela
Published: January 2018

In this paper we analyze the characteristics of labor markets and female labor force in the countries from Central and Eastern Europe in order to verify the existence of significant differences in female labor participation rate among the countries that experienced the same political and economic system before 1990. The paper seeks to address the following specific objectives: 1) to identify the variables which are strongly correlated with female labor force participation, objective met using correlation analysis; 2) to define clusters of countries based on the determinants of female participation on the labor market, identified previously, using hierarchical cluster method; 3) to verify if the female labor force participation rate differs significantly among the identified clusters by applying the analysis of variance. The results of this study highlight that, in Central and Eastern Europe, we can identify four clusters of countries that share common characteristics of female labor market and female labor force. The analysis of the variation in female labor force participation rate emphasizes different patterns according to identified groups of countries.
Characterization of Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behaviours of Mn and Al Bronze Castings
Authors: Türker M. , Acar S. , Cömert Z. Y. , Kisasoz A. , Guler K. A.
Published: January 2018

From ancient times to the present, copper alloys, brasses and bronzes are used for marine applications due to their high resistance to sea water. In time, numerous of copper alloys have been developed and manganese (Mn) and aluminium (Al) bronzes are the well-known members of this large family. They have superior properties and are used to produce some critical components of boats. These alloys are in competition with each other. For this reason, C86500 Mn bronze and C95800 Al bronze were evaluated in this study. Mechanical and corrosion tests were carried out on specimens which were taken from sand castings. Tensile, impact and hardness tests were applied to determine mechanical properties. Corrosion behaviour of the alloys was characterized in HCl, NaCl, and H2SO4 solutions. Additionally, microstructure observations and a definition of phases were realized. According to mechanical tests results, Al bronze has better properties than Mn bronze. Moreover, Mn bronze provides lower corrosion rates in HCl solution as Al bronze in H2SO4. Intergranular corrosion was detected in HCl solutions. Moreover, some micro shrinkage zones were seen on an Al bronze specimen after corrosion tests.
Abstract solvers for Dung’s argumentation frameworks
Authors: Brochenin Remi , Linsbichler Thomas , Maratea Marco , Wallner Johannes P. , Woltran Stefan
Published: January 2018

Abstract solvers are a quite recent method to uniformly describe algorithms in a rigorous formal way via graphs. Compared to traditional methods like pseudo-code descriptions, abstract solvers have several advantages. In particular, they provide a uniform formal representation that allows for precise comparisons of different algorithms. Recently, this new methodology has proven successful in declarative paradigms such as Propositional Satisfiability and Answer Set Programming. In this paper, we apply this machinery to Dung’s abstract argumentation frameworks. We first provide descriptions of several advanced algorithms for the preferred semantics in terms of abstract solvers. We also show how it is possible to obtain new abstract solutions by “combining” concepts of existing algorithms by means of combining abstract solvers. Then, we implemented a new solving procedure based on our findings in cegartix, and call it cegartix+. We finally show that cegartix+ is competitive and complementary in its performance to cegartix on benchmarks of the first and second argumentation competition.