bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Symbiont bacteria cultures from the red algae Eucheuma spinosum, isolation of bioactive proteins and their anticancer potential test
Authors: Ramadan R , Ahmad A , Marinda  , Natsir H , Karim A , Karim H
Published: November 2019

Red algae Eucheuma spinosum is one of marine organisms which have the potential bioactive protein. This research aimed to determine the protein concentration of red algae Eucheuma spinosum and to discover its potential as an anticancer agent. Protein was isolated from bacterial symbiont of red algae Eucheuma spinosum by buffer A with pH value 8.3. Protein crude extract was fractionated by adding ammonium sulphate with a saturation level of 0-20%, 20-40%, 40-60%, and 60-80%. The result was dialyzed using cellophane membrane. Lowry method with Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) was used as the standard to determine the protein level. An anticancer preliminary test was conducted using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The result showed that the protein concentration from crude extract of red algae Eucheuma spinosum was 33.325 mg/mL. The highest concentration that was obtained at fraction 0-20% is 32.145 mg/mL. The result of toxicity test using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method at protein fraction of 20-40% has a very low LC50 value at <1000 µg/mL. Red algae protein fraction is potential to be developed as anticancer agent.
Isolation and Identification of Bioactive Proteins from Microsymbiont Algae Eucheuma cottonii and Their Potential as An Anticancer
Authors: Marinda  , Ahmad A , Yusriadi  , Arfah A R , Asmi N , Karim H
Published: November 2019

The isolation and identification of bioactive proteins from the microsymbiont algae Eucheuma cottoni from Laikang district of Takalar in South Sulawesi have been carried out. This study aimed to isolate and identify the bioactive proteins from microsymbiont algae E. cottonii and their potential as an anticancer. The experiment method includes the stages of extraction, fractionation, and dialysis. The obtained bioactive proteins were identified by determinating protein contents using the Lowry method. Furthermore, the preliminary anticancer test was conducted by testing Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method against shrimp larvae Artemia salina Leach. and the antimitotic test was also conducted against the sea urchin Tripneustes gratilla Linn. zygote cells. The result showed that the protein fraction of 40-60% saturation was the most toxic with LC50 with a value of 91.83 μg/mL and IC50 with a value of 74.13 μg/mL. This result suggested that the bioactive proteins of microsymbiont algae E. cottonii could be used as a potential anticancer agent.
Isolation and characterization of starch from the hump of kepok banana (Musa balbisiana. L) as a precursor of biodegradable polyurethane synthesis
Authors: Budirohmi A , Ahmad A , Firdaus  , Taba P , Tahir D
Published: November 2019

Starch from hump (Musa balbisiana L.) was isolated bythe maceration method. Bond characterization and determinationof gelatinization temperature, morphology, and particle size were conducted using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Colorimetry (DSC), respectively. This isolation produced starch with a yield of 17.2%, amorphous phase portion 78.8%, particle size of 70 nm, and the starch gelatinization process occurred at 67.5°C. Based on these data, the obtained starch has high potential to be applied as a precursor to synthesize polyurethane biopolymers.
The role of acetone solvent in the reaction of 3-chloropropionyl- and 2-chloropropionyl-isothiocyanate with hydrazine
Authors: Firdausiah Syadza , Hasbullah Siti Aishah , Yamin Bohari M.
Published: November 2019

The reaction of 3-chloropropionylisothiocyanate with hydrazine did not give the expected bis(3-chloropropionylthioureido)hydrazine but instead 3-Chloro-N-[5,5-dimethyl-4-(4-oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-[1,3]thiazin-2-yl)-4,5- dihydro-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl]-propionamide 2 was obtained with 23.56% yield. On the other hand 2-thiocyanatopropionylisothiocyanate undergoes crisscross cycloaddition leading to the formation of 3,3,7,7-Tetramethyl-tetrahydro-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazole-1,5-dithione 1 with 96.1% yield. The mechanisms involving the acetone solvent for both reactions are discussed. Both compounds were evaluated to their antioxidant activity using DPPH radical scavenging method. The results shows that compound 2 with EC50 > 1000 μM is less active than 1 (EC50 of 76 μM) may be due to the S-alkylated on the structure which eliminated its activity. Compound 1 showed higher activity than ascorbic acid (EC50 of 561.36 μM) so that it is potential as antioxidant agent.
The prebiotic production by using cassava peels with the addition of both K+ and Mg2+ metal ions as an activator and their potential to enhance broiler quality
Authors: Wahyuni S , Agustina A S , Natsir H , Raya I
Published: November 2019

Prebiotic is a nutrient for probiotic bacteria in the digestive tract of broilers. Prebiotics are used as a substitute for antibiotics in stimulating safer broiler growth. This study aims to determine the effect of prebiotics on broiler weight gain, the effect of prebiotics on the addition of metal ion combinations, and the effect of antibiotics when compared with controls. Prebiotic production is carried out using cassava peels as a substrate and Lactobacillus plantarum as an enzyme producer that acts as a catalyst. The cofactor used is a combination of metal ions K+ and Mg2+. Prebiotic administration was carried out for 23 days with a volume of 1 mL/L as well as the determination of blood cholesterol levels in broilers. The results showed that the weight of broiler s given prebiotics was 1230.75 grams with blood cholesterol levels 143 mg/dL. At the control of 1079.5 grams with a blood cholesterol level of 255.5 mg/dL. Antibiotics amounted to 1120.75 grams with blood cholesterol levels of 178 mg/dL. In prebiotics, metal ions of 0.4 mM are added; 0.6 mM; and 0.8 mM in a row of 1254.25 grams; 1192 grams; and 1167.25 grams with blood cholesterol levels 131 mg/dL; 132 mg/dL; and 145.5 mg/dL. This study showed that prebiotic administration affected broiler weight gain and blood cholesterol levels.
The application of algebraic methods to simplify the more complex type of static data structure through visualization approach
Authors: Hasbi M
Published: November 2019

This paper had the result of action research (AR) of Data Structure course. This paper discussed the elaboration of hight level complexity of composit type of data structure applying algebraic method through visualization approach (VA). The purpose of this research was to simplify the students understanding at any levels of complexity of static type of data structures through the application of algebraic methods with visualization approach. The roles of the applications were the elaboration of any level of type complexity of data structures logically and systematically at to identify each of their individual access. The method applied to this AR was an algebraic method through visualization approach of composite type of data structures in two cycles. The first cycle applied manually visualization approach, and the second applied simple MS-Powerpoint animation of visualization approach. Some examples of third complexity level of composite type of data structures were presented to demonstrate the methods. The results showed that, before the method is applied, none of the 43 students participating in the course of data structures that can be logically and systematically identifies each individual access from any type of data structure composites tested. How ever, after the second cycle levels of AR applying VM shown that the average score of learning outcome was 78.00 and classical mastery learning achievement was 76.74%. It meant that the students achievement were very hight. The conclusion was the application of VM significanly improved data structure programmer competency.
Decision Support System on Potential Land Palm Oil Cultivation using Promethee with Geographical Visualization
Authors: Widians J A , Taruk M , Fauziah Y , Setyadi H J
Published: November 2019

Preparation of oil palm cultivation land is the initial physical activity of the planting area. Prior to oil palm cultivation it is advisable to study potential land suitability, to assess the land as appropriate or not to oil palm growth and support crop productivity. Potential land evaluation includes an example of a consideration where it requires the right decision to make a potential land-cultivation way to support crop productivity more effectively. Therefore, system with the PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization for Enrichment Evaluation) method is built because of the ability to handle multiple comparisons, indicating priorities and preferences for each criterion by focusing on values. The criteria needed are: Rainfall, Dry Moon, Topography, Above Sea Level, Soil Acidity, Slope Tilt and Peat Density. The results achieved in this research is decision support system that yields recommendation of potential land of oil palm cultivation, which can be considered by decision maker in determination of potential land of oil palm cultivation.
Placement of photovoltaic and capacitors in the 20 kV Jeneponto Distribution Network
Authors: Arief A , Nappu M B , Nur D H
Published: November 2019

Indonesia is located on the equator which has a good intensity of solar radiation throughout the year. This radiation condition gives the potential for photovoltaic placement in Indonesia. Jeneponto Regency is one of the areas in South Sulawesi that has the high potential for the construction of photovoltaic (PV) with irradiation levels reaching 5.404 kWh/m2/day. This research aims to determine the location of photovoltaic and capacitor interconnection points in the 20 kV Jeneponto distribution system for optimizing voltage stability and minimizing power losses. The optimal simulation of the determination of interconnection points is carried out by simulating photovoltaic placement in different main buses, which are Jeneponto main distribution substation, Jeneponto switching substation, Tolo switching substation and Benteng switching substation. The results analysis showed that the photovoltaic interconnection point in Benteng switching substation produces the smallest power losses and all loads have a voltage profile that complies with both IEEE and PLN voltage standards.
Some Properties Associated with Clifford-Fourier Transform
Authors: Bahri Mawardi , Azis Moh. Ivan , Aris Naimah , Lande Chrisandi
Published: November 2019

Several useful properties of the Clifford-Fourier transform have been studied recently and many are being investigated at present. In this paper, we explore more properties of the Clifford-Fourier transform. We find that the properties are extensions of corresponding properties of the classical Fourier transform.
On the derivation of a boundary element method for diffusion convection-reaction problems of compressible flow in exponentially inhomogeneous media
Authors: Nafie N L , Taba P , Latunra A I , Fahruddin  , Azis M I
Published: November 2019

Boundary value problems (BVPs) of anisotropic and exponentially-graded media governed by a diffusion convection-reaction (DCR) equation are considered. The governing equation is of spatially varying coefficients (with an anisotropic diffusion coefficient). The variable coefficients equation is firstly transformed into a constant coefficients equation, from which we derive a boundary integral equation. A boundary element method (BEM) is then constructed to be used for finding numerical solutions to the BVPs. For the computation of the solutions a FORTRAN code is developed. Some examples of problems are solved. The numerical solutions obtained verify the validity of the analysis used to construct the boundary element method with accurate and consistent solutions. The results also show that the BEM procedure elapses very efficient time in producing the solutions. In addition, the results indicate the effect of anisotropy of the media on the solutions.
Boundary element method solutions for steady anisotropic-diffusion convection problems of incompressible flow in quadratically graded media
Authors: Baja S , Arif S , Fahruddin  , Haedar N , Azis M I
Published: November 2019

A boundary element method is utilized to find numerical solutions to boundary value problems of quadratically graded media governed by a spatially varying coefficients anisotropic-diffusion convection equation. The variable coefficients equation is firstly transformed into a constant coefficients equation for which a boundary integral equation can be formulated. A boundary element method (BEM) is then derived from the boundary integral equation. Some problems are considered. The numerical solutions justify the validity of the analysis used to derive the boundary element method with accurate and consistent solutions. A FORTRAN script is developed for the computation of the solutions. The computation shows that the BEM procedure elapses very efficient time in producing the solutions. In addition, results obtained from the considered examples show the effect of the anisotropy and the inhomogeneity of the media on the solutions. An example of a layered material is presented as an illustration of the application.
On the derivation of a boundary element method for steady anisotropic-diffusion convection problems of incompressible flow in trigonometrically graded media
Authors: Sakka  , Syamsuddin E , Abdullah B , Azis M I , Siddik A M A
Published: November 2019

A boundary element method is utilized to find numerical solutions to boundary value problems of trigonometrically graded media governed by a spatially varying coefficients anisotropic-diffusion convection equation. The variable coefficients equation is firstly transformed into a constant coefficients equation for which a boundary integral equation can be formulated. A boundary element method (BEM) is then derived from the boundary integral equation. Some problems are considered. The numerical solutions justify the validity of the analysis used to derive the boundary element method with accurate and consistent solutions. A FORTRAN script is developed for the computation of the solutions. The computation shows that the BEM procedure elapses very efficient time in producing the solutions. In addition, results obtained from the considered examples show the effect of the anisotropy of the media on the solutions. An example of a layered material is presented as an illustration of the application.
Text Encryption Algorithm based on Chaotic Map
Authors: Irsan M Y T , Antoro S C
Published: November 2019

To maintain the confidential data, a scheme or algorithm is needed to protect the data from many attacks. Recently, many cryptography schemes and algorithms have been introduced. One of them is the cryptography algorithm based on chaotic maps. The nature of the chaotic maps gives many advantages to the algorithm. In this paper, an algorithm to encrypt the text is purposed. The algorithm utilizes the nature of the chaotic map by using the MS map as a keystream generator. The ciphertext found by the purposed algorithm is very difficult to be cracked by the bruce-force attack and known-plaintext attack. The decryption process has been tested using 3 different secret keys (that is very similar with the secret key on the encrypted process), and resulting the decrypted text is the same with plaintext only if the input is exactly the same secret key as in encrypted process.
Critical illness insurance pricing with stochastic interest rates model
Authors: Alim K , Listiani A , Anggraeni A S , Effendie A R
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we will explain critical illness insurance calculations with stochastic interest rates. The survival model is multiple states, while the interest rate is the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross stochastic interest rate model. In determining the survival model, we use the prevalence and mortality rates of certain critical diseases, such as neoplasms, endocrine diseases, and diseases of the digestive system. Furthermore, the Monte Carlo simulation will be used to simulate the possibility of interest rate pathways in determining critical illness insurance premiums.
Morbidity-Mortality Table Construction for Eleven Chronical Diseases (ECD) Using Constant Force Assumption
Authors: Anggraeni Andini Setyo , Listiani Amalia , Alim Khairul , Effendie Adhitya Ronnie
Published: November 2019

This paper describes the construction of morbidity-mortality table if the dataset is only available at ages interval. The table used to measure the interaction between morbidity and mortality on the eleven chronical diseases (ECD). The probabilistic framework is based on the multiple-states Markov model. The transition intensities are assumed constant in each age interval. This paper finds high probability someone stays in state ECD and higher probability someone dies because of ECD than other causes.
Multinomial method for pricing Lookback Option
Authors: Sudding F N F , Irsan M Y T
Published: November 2019

One way to avoid or minimize risk due to price fluctuation of asset price in the market is through option trading. Lookback option is a contract that gives a holder right but not the obligation to buy/sell a certain asset at minimum/maximum price during certain time. Lookback option has two types, namely fixed strike lookback and floating strike lookback. The metode used was multinomial method. The parameters used are initial asset price, strike price, risk-free interes rate, time to maturity, and volatility. The method has been applied, and obtained that the increasing of the order of the multinomial method do not give significant changes to the price of the option. Another conclusion we get is for fixed strike price, the put is more expensive then the call, different with floating strike, the call is more expensive than the put.
On Weak Solution of Cauchy Problem for Nonlinear Parabolic Equations
Authors: Aris Naimah , Nisardi Muh. Rifki , Kasbawati  , Kusuma Jeffry , Nurwahyu Budi , Mawardi
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we investigate weak solutions of Cauchy problem for nonlinear parabolic equations. By using Galerkin approximation, the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions are proved.
RESISTIVITY OF PROTEIN KINASE-B (AKT), NF-κB TRANSDUCTION OBSTACLES, AND APOPTOSIS INDUCTION (CASPACE -3, -9) AS ANTI-PROLIFERATION AND ANTI-CANCER OF BURKITT’S LYMPHOMA USING FLAVONOID FRACTION OF ETHYL ACETATE FROM ANT NEST (MYRMECODIA PENDANS)
Authors: Achmad Muhammad Harun , Ramadhany Sri , Ramadhany Yunita Feby
Published: November 2019

Introduction: Burkitt’s lymphoma (LB) is a tumor with high malignancy and rapid cell growth and originates from B-cell lymphoma. LB is usually found in children in endemic areas with dengue fever and HIV-AIDS with low socioeconomic levels. Objective: This research aims to analyze resistivity of protein kinase-B (Akt), NF-κB transduction obstacles, and apoptosis induction (Caspace -3, -9) as anti-proliferation and anti-cancer of burkiit’s lymphoma using flavonoid fraction of ethyl acetate from ant nest (Myrmecodia pendans). Material and Methods: The study was conducted in a pure laboratory experimental method using burkitt’s lymphoma cancer cell culture. Gradual research begins with the determination, extraction and fractionation of ant nest plants, to test for proliferation barriers. Data analysis using two-way ANOVA followed by Post Hoc LSD test with a significance level of 95%. Pearson correlation test was conducted. Results: Resistivity of protein expression of protein kinase-B (Akt), transcription factor of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and apoptosis induction (Caspace -3,-9) showed increased protein expression was significantly obstacles and prove that the ethyl acetate fraction flavonoid inhibits translocation and activation of transcription pathway NF-κB and growth factors that induces the phosphorylation of Akt signal transduction pathway, and apoptosis induction (Caspace -3,-9). Conclusion: Flavonoid fraction of ethyl acetate from ant nest (Myrmecodia pendans) resistivity of protein kinase-B (Akt), NF-κB transduction obstacles, and apoptosis induction (Caspace -3, -9) as anti-proliferation and anti-cancer of burkitt’s lymphoma.
Physicochemical and Micromeritics Properties of Ketoprofen-Tartaric Acid Binary System
Authors: Himawan A , Djide N J N , Mudjahid M , Lukita A D I , Arjuna A , Aliyah
Published: November 2019

Physical characteristics of pharmaceutical active ingredients can be modified by molecular structure rearrangement inside its crystal lattice. Cocrystallization involved the formation of new crystal structure from two different crystal components. In its application in the pharmaceutical field, the formation of cocrystals can comprise the interaction between an active ingredient and an inert substance or between two different drugs. This study aimed to synthesize cocrystal from Ketoprofen and Tartaric Acid. Ketoprofen and Tartaric acid were ground with mortar for 10 minutes prior dissolving in methanol at 40°C with continuous stirring. The solution then filtered and evaporated at ambient temperature. The resulting crystal was ground before further characterization. The individual component and cocrystal were characterized using FTIR, Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and Powder X-Ray Diffractometer (PXRD). The results show that the acquired crystal mass, KET-TAR, is a mixture of a semi-crystalline phase and its non-interacting precursors New phase formation has been confirmed from both PXRD and DSC data. KET-TAR shows greater micromeritics properties compared to Ketoprofen with the value of angle of repose of, bulkiness, Carr’s Index, Haussner’s Ratio and Porosity are 25.3°, 1.8, 16.667, 1.200 and 61.7% consecutively. Overall improvement in micromeritic properties are clearly shown in the results.
Correlation Phenolic Concentration to Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Several Ethanolic extracts from Indonesia
Authors: Sartini S , Djide M N , Nainu F
Published: November 2019

Increasing concerns on the adverse effect of synthetic antioxidants and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus have become two essential problems to be addressed. To tackle them, exploration of natural resources to discover novel antioxidants and/or antibacterial agents is urgently required. The aim of this research was to investigate the correlation of phenolic and flavonoid contents of extracts to their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Green tea, green coffee, cocoa pod husks, bee pollen, and rosella calyces were processed and subjected to 80% ethanol-based maceration procedure to obtain extracts with appropriate condition. Each extract was examined for its phenolic and flavonoid concentrations using the Folin–Ciocalteau method and the aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, respectively. Further analysis on the free-radical scavenging potential and antibacterial/antibiofilm activity against S. aureus were carried out. Samples were found to contain total phenolics (TP) and total flavonoids (TF) at different concentrations. The highest level of TP and TF was identified in green tea extract and corresponded to the lowest IC50 against DPPH and the lowest MIC against S. aureus colonies or to their respective biofilm. In contrast, low amounts of TP and TF were found in cocoa pod husks and bee pollen which were further demonstrated high IC50 and high MIC. Collectively, our results suggested the linear correlation of phenolic- and flavonoid contents to the antioxidant and antibacterial/antibiofilm activities of plant extracts. The higher the phenolics and flavonoids level, the better the antioxidant and antibacterial/antibiofilm activities obtained from the corresponding extracts.
Relation between body mass index and position of chest examination as a function of entrance surface dose
Authors: Musdalifah I , Suryani S , Rauf N
Published: November 2019

X-ray is ionic radiation which is now a necessity in the health sector as a tool in establishing diagnosis. Calculation of exposure doses in patients generally only considers gender and age, but from a theoretical point of view, energy absorption will be greater with increasing thickness of material. The thickness of the material in terms of chest examination using X-rays is indicated by position of the examination where the lateral examination makes the material exposed to radiation thicker than the posterioranterior or anteriorposterior examination position, as well as the patient's body mass index. Therefore, the relationship between the position of examination and body mass index to the entrance surface dose is the topic of this study. Analysis of chest examination data in several patients with various examination positions and different body mass indices showed an increase in entrance surface dose with increasing body mass index and examination position. The highest entrance surface dose was observed in patients with lateral examination positions, as well as in patients with large body mass indexes.
Hypocenter determination and focal mechanism solution of May 29 2017 earthquake around Poso, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Massinai M F I , Astuti A P , Kiraman M R B , Massinai M A , Ramdhan M
Published: November 2019

On May 29 2017 earthquake occurred at northwest of Poso, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia with M6.5. BMKG recorded the earthquake occurred on 14:35:23 GMT in 1.270S, 120.450E with depth 13 Km. We determined earthquake location and focal mechanism by re-picked P- and S-wave arrival time on waveform which is recorded on 14 BMKG stations. Earthquake location and focal mechanism were determined by using Hypoellipse code and Azmtak code, respectively. The result shows that earthquake occurred on 14:35:19.23 GMT in 1.31820S, 120.27760E with depth 11.62 Km. Focal mechanism indicates that the fault motion of the earthquake is normal fault with left strike-slip component and the fault direction are strike 2760, dip 740 and slip -350. The earthquake is likely related to Palu Koro Fault.
Bio-markers based oil to source rock correlation and paleo-environmental interpretation: A case study from Talang Akar Formation, South Sumatra Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Syamsuddin E , Jamaluddin  , Maria  , Shehzad K , Wahyuni S
Published: November 2019

Talang Akar Formation is a proven hydrocarbon source rock in South Sumatra basin. This study used 3 crude oil sample and 6 well-cutting obtained from Talang Akar Formation. Biomarkers analysis has been used to determine the depositional environment of Talang Akar Formation. The techniques utilized include gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of normal alkanes, isoprenoids, triterpene, and steranes. The most commonly used, pristine (Pr) to phytane (Ph) ratio is a good indicator of the depositional environment. The results in this research show that Pr/Ph ratios range from 5.90-10.08. Pr/Ph indicating abundant terrigenous plant input deposited under oxic to suboxic conditions. The oil/source rock correlation analysis using biomarker data shows that the oils field is correlated with the oils in source rock of Talang Akar Formation. This study concludes that the source rock in Talang Akar Formation was deposited in a transitional (Fluvio-deltaic) to marginal marine environment under oxic conditions.
Implementation Technique of Radiotherapy Patients Dose Verification 3DCRT and IMRT
Authors: Rusydi M , Abdullah B , Tahir D
Published: November 2019

The implementation of Patient Dose Verification Techniques 3DCRT and IMRT aims to guarantee that the dosing shines in accordance with planning the therapy conducted in TPS (Treatment Planning System). Research carried out using Variant types of Clinac CX in Radiotherapy Unit hospital Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. Verify patient dose measurement is done using a dose point and a dose plannar by taking 10 cancer patients cervix 3DCRT techniques and 10 engineering nasopharynx cancer patients IMRT. Results of the study 10 point dose cervix cancer patients techniques 3DCRT retrieved the deviation between -0.005% to 0.243%, an average deviation -0.234%, standard deviation -0.186, and CL 0.364. While in nasopharynx cancer patients IMRT technique obtained the deviation between -1,385% to 1.652%, an average deviation 0.146%, standard deviation 0.015, and CL 0.174. Dose plannar measurement 10 samples of cancer patients cervix engineering 3DCRT retrieved gamma index 3% 3 mm on average of 97.26%, standard deviation 0.063, CL 2.772 and 2 mm 2% average 85.91%, standard deviation of 0.007, CL 15.17. While in nasopharynx cancer patient with IMRT techniques acquired gamma index 3% 3 mm average 97.00%, standard deviation 0.016, CL 3.03 and 2% 2 mm average 83.38%, standard deviation 0.016, and CL 16.65.
Upcoming-wave equation of seismic migration
Authors: Sea J G , Liu G , Aswad S
Published: November 2019

Upcoming-wave is the basis of several seismic migration methods that use the principle of 1-way-time by propagating only from the event point to the receiver. The migration method that uses this upcoming wave theory is the finite difference migration and Fourier transformation migration. In this paper, we will elaborate how the theories of these two migrations are related and described from scalar wave equations to various forms of upcoming wave approximations, both differential equation form of space-time (x-t) and frequency - wave number (f-k) form, along with their transformations.
Prediction of land use and land cover (LULC) changes using CA-Markov model in Mamuju Subdistrict
Authors: Risma  , Zubair H , Paharuddin
Published: November 2019

Changes in land use and land cover (LULC) are one of the changes that are directly affected by human activities which are largely driven by socio-economic factors. Knowing, analyzing and modeling LULC change transformation plays an important role in planning, management and decision making activities. The purpose of this study is to develop LULC projection models using CA-Markov analysis to predict LULC in 2034 in Mamuju Subdistrict as the city centre of Mamuju Regency which has a rapid change in LULC. Inputs used in this research are data on river networks, roads, public facilities, LULC 2009, LULC 2014 and LULC 2019. The results showed that for 25 years (2009-2034) forest dominated land cover in Mamuju Subdistrict and settlement into LULC classes which has increased. In 2034, settlements have an area of 5.88% of the total study area or grow by 4.93% over the period of 2009-2034. The CA-Markov model used in predicting LULC changes was validated and produced a kappa coefficient of 0.969 (96.9%) which showed that the model had successfully predicted LULC changes in the study area.
Extended Cox model for breast cancer survival data using Bayesian approach: A case study
Authors: Arsyad R , Thamrin S A , Jaya A K
Published: November 2019

Breast cancer (carsinoma mammae) is one type of cancer that occurs due to abnormal breast cell growth. Some of the factors that are thought to trigger breast cancer include the unhealthy lifestyles. The existence of these factors indicates that there is a correlation between breast cancer and patient survival. One of method for analyzing survival data is Cox proportional hazard. Cox proportional hazard model implies that each covariate is proportional. But in reality, there are often cases where there is a disproportionate covariate, in the sense that there is a relationship with the time, called time dependent covariate. In this case an extended of the Cox proportional hazard model needs to be done. Therefore, the aim of this paper to determine the relationship between the breast cancer patients’ survival time and the factors that influence it using extended Cox model with Bayesian approach. This methodology is applied to breast cancer survival data from Hasanuddin University hospital in Makassar, Indonesia, for the period 2005-2018. The result shows the factors that substantially affect the breast cancer patients’ survival time are marital status, histology, and leukocyte levels.
Likelihood Construction of Hawkes Process in Insurance Claim Settlement Process
Authors: Ilyas N , Sunusi N , Anisa  , Sahriman St
Published: November 2019

The construction of the likelihood equation in the point process models plays a very important role, especially to obtain a good estimator of the parameters of a model. This paper aims to construction of the likelihood of Hawkes process in solving the problem of the claim filing process in the nonlife insurance company. In the construction process, the excitation function with exponential decay is used. The result shows that the total likelihood function of the process depend on probability no claim at time t, the number of policyholder at time t, and the excitation function.
Liu-type regression in statistical downscaling models for forecasting monthly rainfall salt as producer regions in Pangkep regency
Authors: Sahriman St , Anisa  , Koerniawan V
Published: November 2019

Liu-Type Regression (LTR) is one of the statistical methods to overcome multicollinearity in multiple regression models. LTR is the development of Ridge regression and Liu estimator. When there is a strong collinearity, selected k parameter in the ridge regression does not fully overcome the multicollinearity. This study aimed to estimate the rainfall data in Pangkep Regency (as response variable) with LTR approach on Statistical Downscaling (SD) models. Precipitation (as predictor variables) is the result of a simulation of a grid on the Global Circulation Model (GCM). This study uses a size 8 8 grid of GCM (64 predictor variables) over an area of Pangkep Regency so that there is a high multicollinearity. Three dummy variables were determined from k-means cluster technique used as predictor variables to overcome the heterogeneity of residual variance. LTR model with dummy variables are able to explain the diversity of rainfall data properly. The value of R2 produced ranges 85.23% -88.99% with Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) ranges 117.732-136.377. Validation of the model generates a high correlation value between the actual rainfall and alleged rainfall period of 2017 (about 0.977-0.979). The value of Root Mean Square Error Prediction (RMSEP) produced lower (about 57.625-61.120). SD analysis was also performed with and without the dummy variable in the Ridge regression and LTR. In general, LRT models with dummy (k = 0.652, d = -0.799) is the best model based on the value of R2, RMSE, correlation, and RMSEP.
Relative equilibria in curved restricted 4-and 5-body problems
Authors: Alhowaity Sawsan , Shoaib Muhammad
Published: November 2019

We consider a 5-body problem on 2-dimensional surfaces of constant curvature κ, with four of the masses arranged at the vertices of a square and the fifth mass at the north pole of the sphere. The five-body set up is discussed for κ
> 0 and for κ
< 0. When the curvature is positive, it is shown that relative equilibria exists when the four masses at the vertices of the square are either equal or two of them are infinitesimal such that it doesn’t effect the motion of the remaining three masses. However with two pairs of masses at the vertices of the square, no relative equilibria exists. In the hyperbolic case, κ
< 0, there exist two values for the angular velocity which produce negative elliptic relative equilibria when the masses at the vertices of the square are equal. We also show that the solutions with non-equal masses do not exist in H2.
MHD Flow and Heat Transfer of Ferrofluid on Stagnation Point along Flat Plate with Convective Boundary Condition and Thermal Radiation Effect
Authors: Yasin S H M , Mohamed M K A , Ismail Z , Widodo B , Salleh M Z
Published: November 2019

This theoretical study deals with numerical solution of MHD convection laminar boundary layer flow and heat transfer on stagnation point along a stationary horizontal flat plate. For this purpose, ferrofluid which contains magnetite, Fe3O4 as a ferroparticles and water as a base fluid is considered. Ferrofluid has shown a particular achievement when the effect of external magnetic field applied, such as helping to control the properties of physical and flow of ferrofluid. The study starts with the formulation of the mathematical equations that governed the ferrofluid flow and heat transfer. The governing equation which is in the form of dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations are reduced to nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using appropriate similarity transformation and then solved numerically by using the Keller-box method. Numerical result is discussed in terms of pertinent effects that influence the ferrofluid flow and heat transfer like magnetic parameter, ferroparticles volume fraction parameter, Biot number and radiation parameter on velocity and temperature profiles. It is found that the temperature profile increase with an increase volume fraction of ferroparticles parameter, radiation parameter and Biot number and decrease with increasing magnetic parameter.
Thermal Radiation Effect on MHD Stagnation Point flow of Williamson Fluid over a stretching Surface
Authors: Hashim Hasmawani , Anuar Mohamed Muhammad Khairul , Ishak Nazila , Sarif Norhafizah Md , Salleh Mohd Zuki
Published: November 2019

Thermal radiation effects on MHD stagnation point flow of Williamson fluid over a stretching surface are studied. With the help of similarity transformation, the governing equations are converted to nonlinear ordinary differential equations and then solved numerically by Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg (RKF) technique. Numerical results for the reduced Nusselt number and reduced skin friction coefficient as well as the temperature and velocity profiles are elucidated through tables and graphs. The influence of Prandtl number, stretching parameter, Williamson fluid parameter, thermal radiation parameter and magnetic parameter are analyzed and discussed. It is found that, as Prandtl number and magnetic parameter increase, the temperature profiles decrease. Meanwhile, as Williamson fluid parameter and thermal radiation parameter decrease, the temperature profile increase.
Numerical Solutions of MHD Stagnation-Point Flow over an Exponentially Stretching/Shrinking Sheet in a Nanofluid
Authors: Rahman A N H , Bachok N , Rosali H
Published: November 2019

This present paper analyses the steady 2-D stagnation-point flow over an exponentially stretching/shrinking sheet in nanofluids with the effect of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD). The effect of nanoparticles volume fraction parameter φ, and the stretching/shrinking sheet parameter ε was analysed over metallic nanoparticles namely as copper (Cu) in the based fluid of water with Prandtl number Pr = 6.2. The problem was solved numerically by using a similarity transformation to transform the governing partial differential equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations and then solved using the boundary value problems solver bvp4c in Matlab software. The results reveal that the shrinking sheet is non-unique while the stretching sheet is unique. Thus, with the increment of the magnetohydrodynamic, the range of solutions is expended. As the magnetic field parameter increase, the skin friction and heat transfer also increase.
Mathematical Modelling and Simulation of the Performance of PV/T Air Solar Collector
Authors: Wahida Khalili Noran Nur , Othman Mahmod , Abu Bakar Mohd Nazari , Sakidin Hamzah , Abdullah Mohd Lazim
Published: November 2019

The world demand of energy is increasing continuously, and solar energy is one of the renewable energies that can be utilized to fulfil the demand. Over the years, there are many researches that have been carried out on hybrid air solar collector. Hybrid-PV system or PV/T system is an integration of photovoltaic (PV) cells and solar thermal components. It is proven in many researches that combined PV and thermal system gives higher efficiency than individually working system. Therefore, this paper discusses the development of mathematical model of a photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) solar collector. The effects of various parameters on the performance of the solar collector are also discussed. Since there is a drop of efficiency of the photovoltaic cells as the operating temperature increases, this study proposes a design of PV/T solar collector with an air-cooling system with a set of fins attached to improve its overall performance. A mathematical model representing the system by using one dimensional energy balance equations is developed. A simulation has been carried out by using MATLAB to determine the effect of parameters such as solar radiation and temperature on the performance of the solar collector. It is found out that when the temperature of the collector is reduced by removing heat through working fluid, its performance can be improved. Therefore, when air mass flow rate increases, the electrical and thermal efficiencies of the collector increase. Meanwhile, the collector efficiency also increases with the increase in solar radiation.
Autonomous Navigation on Modified AOR Iterative Method in Static Indoor Environment
Authors: Dahalan A. A. , Saudi A. , Sulaiman J.
Published: November 2019

One of the main issues when dealing with mobile robot navigation is that we have to resolve the obstacle avoidance problem, where when moving from a starting point to the goal point, the mobile robot will have to generate a collision-free path in order ensure that it can move efficiently in the environment. In this study, we attempt to resolve the issue by solving it iteratively via numerical technique. This solution is based on the potential field method that utilizes the Laplace’s equation to constrain the generation of potential functions over the regions in the configuration space where the mobile robot operates in. This paper proposed Modified Accelerated Over-Relaxation (MAOR) iterative method for solving robot path planning problem. Through the application of finite-difference technique in it, the experiment shows that the mobile robot is able to generate a smooth path from starting point to goal point. Furthermore, the results obtained from the simulation has shown that this numerical method was able to perform faster solution and generated smoother path comparing the previous works on the similar problem.
Solving Duffing Type Differential Equations using a Three-Point Block Variable Order Step Size Method
Authors: Nurullah Rasedee Ahmad Fadly , Abdul Sathar Mohammad Hasan , Asbullah Muhammad Asyraf , Feng Koo Lee , Jin Wong Tze , Ishak Norizarina , Hamzah Siti Raihana
Published: November 2019

This research proposes a three-point block method for solving Duffing type higher order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) which is also commonly referred as the Duffing oscillator. The research conducted implements a variable order step size technique for approximating the exact solution for the Duffing Oscillator. The proposed algorithm will be tested against various Duffing oscillators and numerical approximation will be compared with current viable methods. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method will be illustrated in the numerical results.
Effect of suction on the MHD fluid flow past a non-linearly stretching/shrinking sheet: Dual solutions
Authors: Hafidz Hafidzuddin Mohd Ezad , Naganthran Kohilavani , Nazar Roslindar , Arifin Norihan Md
Published: November 2019

This paper investigated the effects of suction for incompressible magnetohydrody-namics (MHD) fluid over a non-linearly stretching/shrinking sheet. A proper similarity trans-formation has been used to reduce the system of partial differential equations to a system of ordinary differential equations, which was then solved numerically by using the bvp4c function in the MATLAB software. Dual solutions are found for certain values of the suction parameter when the sheet is shrinking. The generated results were presented and discussed in the relevance of the governing parameters.
Analytical Solution of Ordinary Fractional Differential Equations by Modified Homotopy Perturbation Method and Laplace Transform
Authors: Hailat Ibrahim , Nemrat Asem AL , Zainuddin Zarita , Azmi Amirah Binti
Published: November 2019

In this paper, a modified Laplace transform homotopy perturbation method (MLT-HPM) is used to find the approximate solution of ordinary fractional differential equations(OFDEs). The proposed method is developed to improve the accuracy of the approximate solutions provided by the LT-HPM method. The appropriate initial approximation will be chosen, furthermore, the residual error will be cancelled at several points of the interest interval (RECP). A couple of OFDEs are considered in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested method. Comparisons are made with the results obtained from LT-HPM, continuous analytical method (CAM), modified homotopy analysis method (MHAM), and modified optimal homotopy analysis method (MOHAM). The resulting solutions require only a first order approximation of MLT-HPM, compared to LT-HPM, which requires more iterations for the same examples studied.
Theoretical study on rotating casson fluid in moving channel disk
Authors: Mohamad Ahmad Qushairi , Jaafar Nurul Aini , Shafie Sharidan , Ismail Zulkhibri , Qasim Muhammad
Published: November 2019

The theoretical study of rotating Casson fluid in moving channel disk has been investigated in this article. The dimensional governing equation of proposed fluid is derived in the form of partial differential equation with initial and boundary conditions. The non-dimensional governing equation has been obtained by using the suitable non-dimensional variables. The expression of velocity for rotating Casson fluid has been obtained by using Laplace transform method. It is found that, they satisfied governing equation and conditions imposed. Computations are carried out and the results are analyzed and discussed in details.
A Progress on the Development of Mathematical Model on Two-Phase Flow over a Vertical Stretching Sheet
Authors: Aljabali Ahlam , Moh&d Kasim Abdul Rahman , Hussein Ayman Mohd
Published: November 2019

The investigation on flow and heat transfer are important in the engineering applications, for example, extrusion of metal and polymer, cooling of electronic devices, heat exchanger and chemical processing equipment. Since the investigations on the real applications are costly and sometime hazardous, the study on mathematical model representing the fluid flow and heat transfer’s problem are considered to overcome this limitation. This paper will present the progress on the development of mathematical model on non-Newtonian two-phase model where the fluid flow is studied together with the dust particles. The review will include the discussions on existing problems, its methodology as well as the significance outcomes. The main contributions on this paper is to present the research gap and the possible development for future investigations on the problem under the mathematical model of fluid flow and heat transfer.
Effect of Thermal Radiation on MHD Stagnation Point Flow over a Shrinking Sheet
Authors: Liyana Aladdin Nur Adilah , Bachok Norfifah , Mohd Nasir Nor Ain Azeany
Published: November 2019

In this present paper, we investigate a two dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stagnation flow over shrinking sheet in the presence of thermal radiation. In this study, the effects of magnetic, heat generation or absorption, radiation and Prandtl number parameter are taken into consideration. An appropriate similarity transformation is introduced to transform the governing partial differential equations into a system of ordinary differential equations then solved using bvp4c in MATLAB. The effects of the involved parameters such as magnetic field, velocity, heat generation/absorption, Prandtl number as well as local Nusselt number are calculated numerically. Result on skin friction and temperature increased as the magnetic field increased. While, the temperature decreased as the radiation parameter increased as well as the Prandtl number.