bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding entrepreneurial intentions around the world: an empirical approach
Authors: Rodrigues Ricardo Gouveia , Marques Isabel Cristina Panziera , Geraldes Susana
Published: April 2020

Entrepreneurship tends to add value to products and services, enables the creation of new jobs, enhances productivity and consequently economic development. The objective of this paper is to study the phenomenon of entrepreneurship through understanding of the effect of several variables in Entrepreneurial Intensions. Based on variables extracted from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor databases and in order to analyze the association between the variables, the Pearson Correlation was performed, followed by a Multiple Linear Regression model to list which variables explain the entrepreneurial intentions in a significant way. The results of correlations show significant positive correlation between Perceived Capabilities, Entrepreneurship as a Good Career Choice, High Status to Successful Entrepreneurs and Total Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Activity and Entrepreneurial Intentions. The significant predictors found for Entrepreneurial Intentions were the Perceived Capabilities, Entrepreneurial Activity in the Initial Phase, High Status for Successful Entrepreneurs, and Motivation. Variables concerning behavior and attitudes are the best explanatory for entrepreneurial intentions in the world; none of the variables considering framework conditions entered in the model.
Análise de viabilidade: implementação de um novo empreendimento em uma empresa de transporte universitário e turismo de Toledo
Authors: Viera Augusto Henrique , De Paula Germano , Walter Silvana Anita
Published: April 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a viabilidade econômico-financeira de um projeto de abertura de uma nova linha de transporte universitário do município de Toledo para Marechal Cândido Rondon-PR. Empregou-se uma abordagem quantitativa; descritiva, por intermédio de análise documental. Com ajuda dos indicadores de viabilidade e modelos de planos de negócios, realizou-se a análise do futuro empreendimento. Constatou-se a viabilidade do negócio e a importância de sua elaboração antes da execução do projeto, possibilitando ao gestor reduzir os riscos associados as suas incertezas e expectativas, além de proporcionar uma visão do funcionamento do futuro empreendimento.
A inovação sustentável em integrantes do startup Chile
Authors: Favarin Rodrigo Reis , Santos Cristiano Silveira dos , Köche Isaque Guilhermando , Kneipp Jordana Marques , Trevisan Marcelo
Published: April 2020

O presente estudo visa identificar as inovações orientadas para a sustentabilidade em startups do Startup Chile e analisá-las com foco nos elementos do cubo da inovação sustentável de Hansen, Grosse-Dunker e Reichwald (2009). A pesquisa se classifica como qualitativa, utilizando para coleta de dados a pesquisa documental e para análise dos dados, a análise de conteúdo. Em relação aos resultados, é notável a preocupação das empresas em abarcar as três dimensões do triple bottom line no desenvolvimento dos seus produtos e serviços, assim como a maioria dos elementos do cubo da inovação sustentável nas inovações mapeadas.
Contabilidade gerencial: percepção dos gestores de micro e pequenas empresas
Authors: Riedi Ranjel , Martini Raphael , Kleinibing Bugalho Diones , Morlin Bugalho Francieli
Published: April 2020

O objetivo consiste em analisar a percepção dos gestores em relação a utilização da contabilidade gerencial em micro e pequenas empresas como ferramenta que pode auxiliar na tomada de decisão. Os procedimentos metodológicos caracterizam como descritiva, de levantamento e quantitativa. Os resultados evidenciam que 65% das empresas indicam a questão financeira como elemento primordial, enquanto que 73% mencionam que a contabilidade gerencial é uma importante ferramenta de controle, e 90% conhecem seus os benefícios, além disso, todos os respondentes afirmam que gostariam de utilizar mais ferramentas de contabilidade gerencial em suas empresas, enquanto que apenas 49% a utiliza para tomada de decisões.
Follow up numa cooperativa intermediadora de compras
Authors: Santos Allisson Silva dos , Azevedo Ana Lúcia Ladislau de , Gama Thiago Gomes , Chaves Reginaldo Elias , Cavalcanti Maria da Conceição Monteiro
Published: April 2020

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral identificar de que maneira o follow up pode ser aplicado como garantia do que foi comprado e recebido numa Cooperativa da Construção Civil situada no estado da Paraíba. Classificada como abordagem quanti-qualitativa, obteve-se uma amostra de 23 cooperados que responderam um questionário e um colaborador participou de uma entrevista. A respeito dos resultados, apresentam que, pelo tipo de convivência utilizada com os fornecedores, há alcance dos objetivos, confiança mútua e ganhos rentáveis entre as partes. Portanto, esses pontos colaboram para que exista uma política de follow up efetiva e consistente.
Editorial
Authors: Moraes Joysi
Published: April 2020

Editorial
Mapping Loss as Performative Research in Ralph Lemon's Come home Charley Patton
Authors: Henry Kajsa
Published: April 2020

In 2004, Ralph Lemon presented “Come home Charley Patton,” the last of his three-part project entitled The Geography Trilogy. The performance marked the end of a ten-year research journey for Lemon during which he struggled to define his relationship tocontemporary modes of dance. Lemon’s entire “Come home Charley Patton” project is an attempt to mourn and access the remains of a legacy of racialized violence. His travels throughout the South highlight the absence and complicated nature of memorializingefforts in regard to events associated with racialized violence. However, his project also exposes the difficulties in developing a sense of relation to this past as he navigates between collective and personal memories. The structural and thematic arrangement ofthe performance reflects Lemon’s efforts to negotiate the limits of representing a history of loss associated with racialized violence. In positioning the body as key in accessing the past, he employs the buck dance as the conceptual and physical framework to ask if andshow how embodied memory can transcend the spatial and temporal boundaries enforced by the stage. By examining Lemon’s own efforts to find an affective and aesthetic language as he maps loss across a number of sites, I read these interactions through atheoretical framework of mourning and melancholia to show that Lemon’s research provides him with a social and aesthetic understanding of loss that he then uses to construct the movements on the stage.
Searching for El Duende
Authors: Lay Trigo Sarahi
Published: April 2020

In this work I aim to elucidate what el duende is, to speak about that energy that flows in an instant at the tablados and taurine lands. El duende is that character that seems to come from a magical place –taken from a mysterious land– and from which many at flamenco culture speaks. It is said that nobody can see el duende, it can only be felt. This raises the question, who really knows el duende? Drawing on anthropology and philosophy, I suggest understanding el duende as an inner-outer force of the human being that flows inside the dancer and connects with the others (as spectators and / or musicians). The ethnographic analysis will focus only on flamenco dance, using my own experience as a dancer (auto-ethnography) as primary data. I trust that this self-involvement with dance will let me explore deeply into the soul of Flamenco art, into the magic essence that emanates from the dancer towards the audience and produces an intimate communication experience, which has been named el duende.
Notes on Contributors
Authors: Villarreal Amanda Rose
Published: April 2020

Notes on contributors, listed alphabetically by last name.
Characterization of Historic Binders and Stones of a Ruined Medieval Church (Hungary)
Authors: Kósa Zsuzsanna , Török Ákos
Published: April 2020

Construction materials of a partly ruined Medieval church of Central Hungary were studied in details to assess its conditions and to obtain information on the phases of construction. At first, digital images were taken to create a 3D model of the remaining walls. The material properties were measured in situ using non-destructive test methods. Strength parameters of stone and render were assessed by Schmidt hammer, while moisture content was measured by a portable moisture meter. According to lithological descriptions and thin-section analyses limestone prevail in the monument. The most common Miocene limestone is represented by various lithologies, such as cemented macro porous limestone, fine-grained porous limestone, oolitic limestone and bioclastic limestone. Mesozoic micritic well cemented limestone and Tertiary limonitic sandstone were also identified at the ruins. The most common weathering forms are selective dissolution, multiple flaking and biological colonisation. Renders used in the structure represents the long history of the structure from Medieval lime-based mortars to Portland cement containing latest applications. The former one is composed of quartz send in lime binder. According to Schmidt hammer tests, the rebound values of the replacement stone is higher than that of the original porous limestone. There is a distinct difference in the moisture content of the stone and render. Orientation/exposure of the wall also influences the moisture content. The gathered information allows for designing better repair methods and helps in the planning of the maintenance of the medieval stone heritage.
The Relationship between CO2 Emission, Non-Renewable Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: A Case of Turkey
Authors: ERKİŞİ Kemal , ÇELİK Duygu
Published: April 2020

In this study, the relationships between carbon dioxide emission, non-renewable energy consumption and economic growth were examined. The analysis covers 25 years of period between 1990-2015 for Turkey. VAR Granger Causality Analysis was employed for the short-term causality analysis. The results indicated that there is a unidirectional relationship from non-renewable energy consumption to CO2 emission in the short-term. The only variable affecting CO2 in the short-term is non-renewable energy consumption. According to the variance decomposition test, in the second period, 13.8% of CO2 emissions were caused by non-renewable energy consumption, 2% was due to economic growth, while in the 8th period, 44% of CO2 emissions were caused by non-renewable energy consumption and 12% from economic growth. This result supports the “Neutrality Hypothesis”, which asserts that there is no direct relationship between energy consumption and economic growth. Since it is revealed a unidirectional causality from NREC to CO2, measures regarding energy consumption will not have a negative impact on economic growth while reducing carbon dioxide emissions in Turkey.
Y Kuşağının Kariyer Algısı ve Gelecek Beklentisi: Kocaeli Organize Sanayi Bölgesi Örneği
Authors: MERT Gözde , NESLİHANOĞLU Serdar
Published: April 2020

Y kuşağı nüfusu, Türkiye nüfusunun yaklaşık % 32’sidir ve çoğunlukla iş
hayatındadır. Y kuşağı, iş hayatında diğer kuşaklara göre farklı özellikler
göstermektedir. Bu nedenle bu araştırma Y kuşağının iş hayatındaki kariyer algısı
ve gelecek beklentisi konusuna odaklanmıştır. Bu amaçla, 2018 yılında, Kocaeli
Organize Sanayi Bölgesi’nde çalışan, Y kuşağında bulunan bireylere, anket
uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada, 271 kişinin verileri incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçuna
göre, Y kuşağı bireyleri hakkında ulaşılan bulgular şunlardır: a) Motivasyon,
teknoloji ve sosyalleşme, iş ortamı ve iş değiştirme boyutları cinsiyete bağlı
olarak farklılaşmaktadır. b) Uyum, teknoloji ve sosyalleşme, ortam ve iş
değiştirme boyutları eğitim düzeylerine bağlı olarak farklılaşmaktadır. c) İş
ortamı boyutu, işyerindeki pozisyona bağlı olarak farklılaşmaktadır. d) Kariyer
algısı ve gelecek beklentisi yaş, çalışma saati ve toplam iş tecrübesi
boyutlarına göre farklılaşmamaktadır.
Dünya ve Türkiye Üniversitelerinde Girişimcilik Bölümlerinin Artan Önemi: Lisans ve Lisansüstü Eğitim Düzeyinde Bir Araştırma
Authors: KARADENİZ Yasin , ÖZKAN Çiğdem
Published: April 2020

Girişimciliğin
gelişmesinde üniversitelerin girişimci bir yapıya ulaşmayı hedeflemeleri kadar
üniversitelerde girişimcilik bölümlerinin ve eğitimlerinin yaygınlaştırılması,
böylece kişilerin girişimcilik özelliklerinin geliştirilmesi de önemlidir. Araştırmada, girişimcilik
eğitiminde Türkiye’nin mevcut durumu, Türkiye’deki üniversiteler ile The Times
Higher Education tarafından hazırlanan “Dünyanın En İyi Üniversiteleri Listesi”ndeki
ilk on üniversitedeki doğrudan girişimcilik lisans ve lisansüstü bölümleri tespit
edilerek ve karşılaştırmalar yapılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Türkiye’deki
üniversitelerin durumuna YÖK Lisans atlas verilerine ve üniversitelerin sosyal
bilimler enstitülerinin resmi internet adreslerine bakılarak, Dünyadaki ilk on
üniversitenin lisans, yüksek lisans ve doktora programlarına ise ilgili
üniversitelerin internet adreslerinden ulaşılarak “içerik analizi” yapılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, üniversitelerde girişimcilik eğitiminin, “yalnızca
bazı programların ders planlarında yer alan bir ders” olarak sınırlı kalmaması;
doğrudan girişimcilik alanında eğitim veren programların sayısının, niteliğinin
artması ve farklı disiplinlere de yayılmasının gerekli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Kentleşme Sürecinde Dini Hayat: Başakşehir Örneği
Authors: AYDIN İdris
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışmanın
temel amacı, kentleşme süreci ile dinî hayat arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Sosyolojik
anlamda kentleşme sanayi devrimi ile eşzamanlı bir olgu olarak karşımıza
çıkmaktadır. Modern sanayi toplumunu karakterize eden dinamiklerden biri olan kentleşme,
geleneksel tolum yapısını, kültürünü, toplumsal organizasyonunu, yerleşik
değerleri ve normları köklü değişme süreçleri ile karşı karşıya bırakmaktadır. Din,
tarihin ilk zamanlarından itibaren varlığı kabul edilen ve toplumsal hayatta
sosyal kontrol işlevi bulunan sosyolojik bir kurumdur. Kentleşme süreci ile
dinî hayat arasındaki ilişkinin varlığı ve yönü bu araştırmanın ana temasını
oluşturmaktadır. Kentleşme sürecinde dinî hayat, İstanbul’un Başakşehir
ilçesinde; demografik, sosyo-kültürel ve sosyo-ekonomik değişkenlerle dini
tecrübenin ifade şekilleri olan teorik, pratik ve sosyal boyutları arasındaki
ilişki ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmada dolaysız gözlem metodu ve anket
tekniği kullanılmıştır. Anketler SSPS 22 programına girilerek kodlanmıştır. Ortaya
çıkan sonuca göre İstanbul’un değişik semtlerinde ikamet eden ve 1990’lı yıllar
itibariyle orta ve üst sınıflara dâhil olan muhafazakâr ve dindar kitlelerin,
bulundukları mekânları terk ederek; sakin, temiz ve yeşil alanları bulunan,
aynı zamanda öz dışlanmaya imkân sunan bir uydu kent olan Başakşehir’e
yerleştikleri görülmüştür. Başakşehir özelindeki bu durumun, kentleşme ve dinî
hayat değişkenleri arasındaki muhtemel sonuçları etkilediği ve bazı sonuçların
bu çerçevede ortaya çıktığı değerlendirilmiştir.
Tüketicilerinin Karar Verme Tarzlarının İncelenmesi: Türk Dünyası Örneği
Authors: GÜMÜŞ Niyazi , KARACA Şükran
Published: April 2020

İnsanların
nasıl ve niçin alışveriş yaptıklarının belirleyicileri, uzun yıllar boyunca
birçok insan için önemli bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bu durum çeşitli tüketici
tipolojilerinin araştırılması üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olmuştur. Bu
bağlamda bu araştırmanın amacı Türk dünyası ülkeleri olan Azerbaycan,
Kazakistan, Kırgızistan, Türkiye ve Türkmenistan’da yaşayan tüketicilerin karar
verme tarzları arasında farklılık olup olmadığını incelemektir. Araştırma
kapsamında kolayda örnekleme yöntemine göre seçilen ve Türk dünyası ülkelerinde
yaşayan 511 kişiye yüz yüze anket tekniği ile ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda
Türkmenistan’da yaşayan tüketicilerin araştırmaya konu olan diğer ülkelerdeki tüketicilere
kıyasla moda ürünleri takip ettikleri, kaliteye daha fazla ağırlık verdikleri,
marka odaklılık ve eğlence odaklılık faktörlerinde de benzer bir karar verme
tarzına sahip oldukları ortaya çıkmıştır. Başka bir ifadeyle, Türkmenistan’da
yaşayan tüketicilerin karar verme tarzı açısından araştırmaya konu olan diğer
ülkelerde yaşayan tüketicilerden bariz şekilde ayrıştığı ve öne çıktığı
sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Yöneticilerin Kuantum Liderlik Algılarının İncelenmesi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: KOSA Gözde
Published: April 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, özel ve kamu sektöründe görev
yapan üst düzey yöneticilerin kuantum liderlik davranışlarını belirlemektir. Araştırmanın
katılımcılarını Kars ilinde görev yapan Özel ve Kamu sektöründe çalışan üst
düzey yöneticiler oluşturmuştur.  Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak gerekli
alan yazın taraması yapılmış 14 sorudan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme
formu kullanılmıştır. 4 soru ise açık uçlu içerik analizi yapılmak üzere
katılımcılara sorulmuştur.  Görüşme
formunda yer alan sorular, kuantum liderlik yaklaşımının gerektirdiği
özellikler göz önünde bulundurularak hazırlanmıştır. Görüşme yapılan üst düzey
yöneticilerin görüşme sorularına verdikleri yanıtlar içerik analizi yöntemi
kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara
göre, katılımcı yöneticilerin kuantum liderlik algılarının yüksek,
olumlu yönde olduğu ve önemsedikleri görülmüştür. Katılımcıların cinsiyet ve
çalıştıkları kurum türüne göre (özel-devlet) kuantum liderlik algıları benzer
düzeydedir. Bununla birlikte mesleki kıdem arttıkça katılımcılar kuantum
liderliği daha fazla önemsemektedir. Araştırmanın nitel bulgularına göre katılımcıların
“yönetim ve liderlik konusundaki eğitimlere yoğun katılım gösterdikleri
görülmüştür. Bu kapsamda katılımcıların eğitimlere, liderlik eğitimi
programlarına, gelişim programlarına, yöneticilik eğitimlerine, üniversite
konferans ve seminerleri, şirket içi çalışmalar ve toplantılara kapsamındaki
liderlik programlarına katıldıkları belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın nitel
bulgularına göre, katılımcıların çok azının liderlik kavramını bilimsel ve
teknik terminolojiye göre tanımladığı buna karşın çoğunun ise kısa anonim hale
gelmiş özdeyişlerle kendi kişisel görüşlerine göre bir liderlik tanımlamasına
sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir. Katılımcı görüşlerine göre çalıştıkları kurumlarında
kaotik-belirsiz liderlik yaklaşımı yerine, yöneticilik olgusunun ve bürokratik
liderlik yaklaşımının ön plana çıktığı görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte çok az
kurumda ise Kuantum liderlik yaklaşımının hakim olduğu bir uygulamadan söz
edilebilir.
Oluşumsal Yapısalcılığın İlkeleri ve Zola’nın Emek Adlı Romanı Üzerinde Çözümleme
Authors: TERTEMİZ Serhat , ATALAY İrfan
Published: April 2020

Toplumsal çatışmaların veya toplum yaşamının
düzenli işlemesine engel olan durumları içeren romanlar, toplumcu gerçekçilik
anlayışını benimseyen Marksçı öğreti ve bu öğretiden çıkmış eleştiri yöntemleri
için oldukça uygun birer inceleme alanıdır. Toplumbilimsel eleştiri
yöntemlerinden birini oluşturan Lucien Goldmann’ın oluşumsal yapısalcılık yöntemi de anamalcı dizgenin neden olduğu
sorunları ve mutsuzlukları ve bunlara karşı önerilen çözüm yollarını anlatan
romanların çözümlenmesi veya eleştirisinde verimli sonuçlar ortaya koyar.Romanın içyapılarının yanı sıra oluşum
sürecini etkileyen ve tetikleyen metin dışı yapıları da araştırmayı öneren
yöntem, toplumun aydın temsilcisi konumundaki yazarın, sorunlar karşısında
oluşturduğu dünya görüşünün sorgulamasını yapar. Yöntemin uygulanması
aşamasında farklı yapıların derinlemesine araştırılması tutarlı açıklamaları
doğurur.

Ütopik sosyalizmin savunulmasının yapıldığı
Zola’nın Emek adlı yapıtı, işçi
emeğinin özgürleşmesine bağlı olarak yaşamdaki tüm duygu ve hazların anlam
kazanacağı ve insanlığın bu sayede mutluluğa ereceği tezi üzerine kuruludur.
Sanayiye koşut olarak gelişen burjuva sınıfının XIX. yüzyılda yaptığı emek
sömürüsünün insanları köleleştirdiğine yer veren yapıt, emek köleliğinden
kurtulmak için yeni bir dizge önerir. Yapıt, işçi sınıfının her geçen gün biraz
daha yoksullaşmasına neden olan ağır koşulların mantıklı ve akılcı çözümlerle
üstesinden gelinebileceğini gösterirken, Zola’nın ütopik sosyalist Fourrier,
Saint-Simon ve daha birçok toplumcu sosyalist düşünür ve yazarlardan
esinlenerek oluşturduğu düşüncelerini doğalcı yöntemlerle sunar.
Akademik Umutsuzluk Ölçeği: Geliştirilmesi, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: GÖKALP Murat , SOYKAN Fatih
Published: April 2020

Bu
araştırma, öğrencilerin akademik umutsuzluk düzeylerindeki bireysel
farklılıkların belirlenmesinde kullanılabilecek bir ölçme aracı geliştirmek ve
geçerlik-güvenirliğini incelemek üzere yapılmıştır. Çalışma 2018-2019 eğitim
öğretim yılları arasında üniversite düzeyindeki öğrencilerden elde edilen
veriler üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Akademik Umutsuzluk Ölçeği 16 maddelik
dörtlü Likert tipi bir ölçektir. Araştırmada
genel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Ölçeğin iç tutarlılığını belirlemek
amacıyla hesaplanan Cronbach alfa katsayısı .83'tür. Yapı geçerliği saptamak amacıyla
yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizi sonucu toplam değişkenliğin %48.3'ünü
açıklayan üç faktör elde edilmiştir. Ortaya konulan üç faktörlü yapı
doğrulayıcı faktör analiziyle sınanarak uyum ilişkisinin kabul edilebilir bir
düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Geçerlik çalışması, söz konusu olan ölçeğin,
akademik umutsuzluk düzeyinin birbirinden farklılaşması beklenen grupları
birbirinden ayırt ettiğini göstermektedir. Akademik Umutsuzluk Ölçeği olarak
adlandırılan ölçeğin, eğitim alanında kullanılabilecek, geçerli ve güvenilir
bir araç olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Okul Öncesi Dönem Çocuklarının Çoklu Zekâ Alanları ile Çevreye Karşı Tutumlarının İncelenmesi
Authors: GENÇ Hilal , ARSLAN Emel
Published: April 2020

Bu
çalışmada, okul öncesi dönem çocukların çoklu zekâ alanları ile çevreye karşı
tutumlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca çocukların çevreye karşı
tutumlarının cinsiyet ve okul öncesi eğitimi alma ve almama değişkenlerine göre
farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı incelenmiştir. Araştırma genel tarama modelinde
yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın örneklemi basit tesadüfî örnekleme yöntemiyle
seçilen Konya ilinin Meram ilçesinde yaşayan toplam 452 çocuktan
oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak; “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, Teele
(1997) tarafından geliştirilen Göğebakan (2003) ve Özdemir (2006) tarafından
Türkçe’ye uyarlaması yapılan TIMI Teele Çoklu Zeka Envanteri ve Evans ve
diğerleri (2007) tarafından geliştirilen Cevher-Kalburan (2009) tarafından
Türkçe’ye uyarlaması yapılan Çocuklar için Çevre Tutum Ölçeği kullanılmıştır.
Verilerin analizinde, betimsel istatistikler, t-Testi, iki faktörlü anova,
korelasyon ve regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen
bulgulara göre, okul öncesi dönemdeki çocukların sosyal zekâ alanları ile
çevresel tutum puanları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur.   Çocukların cinsiyetlerine göre çevresel
tutum puanları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
BIOLOGICAL ROLE OF COPPER IN PATHOGENESIS OF AUTISM IN CHILDREN: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Kostina O. V. , Presnyakova M. V. , Albitskaya Zh. V.
Published: April 2020

The article summarizes the evidence on the biological role of copper and the role of copper metabolism disorders in neurodegenerative processes and pathogenesis of autism. The neuromodulating effects of copper ions and their role for cognitive functions are described. The results of original studies on copper metabolism in children with autistic disorders (AD) arepresented. Our review suggests that the current evidence is contradictory. While several publications indicate an increased level of copper in blood, hair, teeth, nails of AD patients, other studies do not report any difference in the concentration of copper between AD and healthy children. It isassumed that the dysregulation of copper metabolism in children with AD is associated with dysfunction of transport proteins. Data on copper involvement in the processes of management of free radical in children with AD arediscussed. Monitoring of metal-ligand homeostasis in children with AD iswarranted as well as the development of effective methods of correction of copper metabolism disorders.
AIR POLLUTION AND POPULATION HEALTH IN THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Saltykova M. M. , Bobrovnitskii I. P. , Balakaeva A. V.
Published: April 2020

This literature review summarizes the evidence on the effects of air pollution on health of the population living in the Arctic Region. The available evidence suggests that the extreme climatic conditions of the Arctic affect the health of the population not only directly but also increase negative impact of air pollution on population health. An oxidative stress induces dysfunction of the vascular endothelium and membranes of epithelial cells. Synergetic effects of cold and air pollution accelerate aging of the human body in high latitudes affecting to the greatest extent the incidence of diseases of the circulatory and respiratory systems. This warrants development of special methods and tools for monitoring the state of the main target organs of such exposure for early detection of their dysfunction. These tools should be suitable for use in examining large groups of people working in the Arctic. Development of rehabilitation and treatment methods adapted to the conditions of the Arctic is also warranted.
Strong Gender-Specific Additive Effects of the NYD-SP18 and FTO Variants on BMI Values
Authors: HUBACEK J. A. , DLOUHA D. , LANSKA V. , ADAMKOVA V.
Published: April 2020

The role of the FTO gene in obesity development is well established in populations around the world. The NYD-SP18 variant has been suggested to have a similar effect on BMI, but the role of this gene in determining BMI has not yet been verified. The objective of our study was to confirm the association between NYD-SP18 rs6971019 SNP and BMI in the Slavic population and to analyze i) the gender-specific effects of NYD-SP18 on BMI and ii) the simultaneous effect of FTO rs17817449 and NYD-SP18 on BMI. We analyzed a sample of a large adult population based on the post-MONICA study (1,191 males and 1,368 females). Individuals were analyzed three times over 9 years. NYD-SP18 rs6971019 SNP is related to BMI in males (2000/1 GG 28.3±3.7 kg/m2 vs. +A 27.5±3.7 kg/m2 P<0.0005; in other examinations P<0.05 and <0.005), but not in females (all P values over 0.48 in all three examinations). Further analysis revealed the significant additive effect (but not the interaction) of FTO and NYD-SP18 SNPs on BMI in males (all P<0.01). These results suggest that association between NYD-SP18 rs6971019 SNP and BMI may be restricted to males. Furthermore, variants within NYD-SP18 and FTO genes revealed a significant additive effect on BMI values in males.
Macrophage Phenotypes in the Adipose Tissue of Postmenopausal Women
Authors: KRÁLOVÁ A. , KRÁLOVÁ LESNÁ I. , FRONĚK J. , ČEJKOVÁ S. , SEKERKOVÁ A. , JANOUŠEK L. , THIEME F. , STŘÍŽ I. , ŽDYCHOVÁ J. , POLEDNE R.
Published: April 2020

Atherosclerosis pathology is the interplay between high intravascular LDL particle concentration and monocyte/macrophage presence within the sub-endothelial space of the artery. In this project, phenotypes of macrophages connected with subclinical inflammation in adipose tissue of living kidney donors were studied. Samples of subcutaneous adipose tissue of living kidney donors (n=36) were exposed to collagenase. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was eluted from the samples, then labeled with monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD14 and anti-calprotectin), conjugated with fluorochromes and analyzed by flow cytometry. The positive correlation between the number of total macrophages and calprotectin-positive macrophages with BMI in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of postmenopausal women was demonstrated (p<0.05; R=0.43 and p<0.01; R=0.60), whereas no positive correlation in premenopausal women and men was shown. In conclusion, we documented a significant effect of BMI increase on the presence of total macrophages in adipose tissue of postmenopausal women, in contrast to premenopausal women. This difference was much more pronounced when proinflammatory macrophages with membrane-bound calprotectin were analyzed.
Adipose Tissue and Atherosclerosis
Authors: POLEDNE R. , KRÁLOVÁ LESNÁ I. , ČEJKOVÁ S.
Published: April 2020

High-energy intake which exceeds energy expenditure leads to the accumulation of triglycerides in adipose tissue, predominantly in large-size adipocytes. This metabolic shift, which drives the liver to produce atherogenic dyslipidemia, is well documented. In addition, an increasing amount of monocytes/macrophages, predominantly the proinflammatory M1-type, cumulates in ectopic adipose tissue. The mechanism of this process, the turnover of macrophages in adipose tissue and their direct atherogenic effects all remain to be analyzed.
Moderate Alcohol Consumption and Triglyceridemia
Authors: KOVÁŘ J. , ZEMÁNKOVÁ K.
Published: April 2020

The review aims to summarize current knowledge on the effects of moderate alcohol consumption (1 standard drink a day for women; 2 drinks a day for men) on triglyceride concentration in circulation. Current evidence suggests that the relationship between alcohol consumption and triglyceridemia is J-shaped. Triglyceridemia is lowest in subjects who drink 10-20 g/alcohol a day. Such a J-shaped association is comparable with that described for the relationship between alcohol and cardiovascular risk. On the contrary, alcohol taken with a meal increases and prolongs postprandial triglyceridemia. Such effects of alcohol consumption may be at least partially explained by the effects of ethanol on lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity. Long-term moderate alcohol consumption increases LPL activity, which may explain its TG-lowering effect. On the other hand, LPL activity is acutely downregulated by ethanol, which explains increased postprandial triglyceridemia.
The Effect of Ectopic Fat on Graft Function After Living Kidney Transplantation
Authors: THIEME F. , JANOUSEK L. , FRONEK J. , KRALOVA A. , CEJKOVA S. , KRALOVA LESNA I. , POLEDNE R.
Published: April 2020

Renal transplantation is associated with a large number of risk factors that can have an influence on early renal graft function (ERGF). One of these factors could be the increasing number of obese kidney donors. The mechanisms of reduced ERGF in obese kidney donors are still poorly understood. To that end, we compared ERGF in recipients with body mass index (BMI), perivascular fat and plasma inflammation markers of live kidney donors. We hypothesized that the BMI of donors would negatively correlate with an average increase of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and that it would also be associated with increased perivascular and plasma inflammation markers in the first seven days after transplantation. Between January 2013 and December 2014, some 58 living kidney transplantation pairs were included in the study. Donor and recipient demographic data, preoperative BMI, blood C-reactive protein (CRP) and adiponectin levels, perivascular adipose tissue (PAT) samples and recipient blood creatinine levels were analyzed. The median CRP of donors was 0.68 mg/l (max: 8.66 mg/l, min: 0.33 mg/l), the median of M1 macrophages (CD14+CD16+) in one gram of PAT was 5940 (max: 41 100, min: 248) and the median of adiponectin was 411 930 pg/ml (max: 14 217 000, min: 167 300) in plasma. We did not find any association between early renal graft function and the percentage of M1 macrophages in donor perirenal adipose tissue (p=0.83, r=0.03, n=58), adiponectin (p=0.65, r=0.06, n=58) or CRP (p=0.16, r=0.2, n=58) in plasma. The obesity level of donors, expressed as BMI, did not correlate with early renal graft function in the first seven days after transplantation. The associations between ERGF and plasma and perivascular fat inflammation markers were not significant. We confirmed a negative correlation between the BMI of recipients and an average increase of GFR in the first seven days after transplantation (p<0.02, r=-0.325, N=58). We confirmed a negative correlation of adiponectin plasma concentration to the BMI of donors.
Fasting and Nonfasting Triglycerides in Cardiovascular and Other Diseases
Authors: PIŤHA J. , KOVÁŘ J. , BLAHOVÁ T.
Published: April 2020

Moderately elevated plasma/serum triglycerides (2-10 mmol/l) signalize increased risk for cardiovascular disease or presence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Extremely elevated triglycerides (more than 10 mmol/l) signalize increased risk for pancreatitis and lipemia retinalis. The concentration of triglycerides is regulated by many genetic and nongenetic factors. Extremely elevated triglycerides not provoked by nutritional factors, especially inappropriate alcohol intake are more likely to have a monogenic cause. On the contrary, mildly to moderately elevated triglycerides are often caused by polygenic disorders; these could be also associated with central obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus. Concentration of triglycerides is also closely interconnected with presence of atherogenic remnant lipoproteins, impaired reverse cholesterol transport and more atherogenic small LDL particles. In general, there is tight association between triglycerides and many other metabolic factors including intermediate products of lipoprotein metabolism which are frequently atherogenic. Therefore, reliable evaluation of the independent role of triglycerides especially in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease is difficult. In individual cases values of HDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol (total minus HDL cholesterol), non-HDL/nonLDL cholesterol (total minus HDL minus LDL cholesterol, especially in nonfasting status), atherogenic index of plasma and/or apolipoprotein B could help in decisions regarding aggressiveness of treatment.
Genetic Predisposition of Human Plasma Triglyceride Concentrations
Authors: SCHWARZOVA L. , HUBACEK J. A. , VRABLIK M.
Published: April 2020

The issue of plasma triglyceride levels relative to the risk of development of cardiovascular disease, as well as overall mortality, has been actively discussed for many years. Like other cardiovascular disease risk factors, final plasma TG values have environmental influences (primarily dietary habits, physical activity, and smoking), and a genetic predisposition. Rare mutations (mainly in the lipoprotein lipase and apolipoprotein C2) along with common polymorphisms (within apolipoprotein A5, glucokinase regulatory protein, apolipoprotein B, apolipo-protein E, cAMP responsive element binding protein 3-like 3, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored HDL-binding protein 1) play an important role in determining plasma TG levels.
The Romantic Modernism of Owen Barfield's History in English Words
Authors: Hipolito Jeffrey
Published: April 2020

Owen Barfield's History in English Words is a part of his ongoing efforts during the 1920s to establish literary criticism as a coherent, rigorous discipline. It owes a great deal to Logan Pearsall Smith's writings but is unique in arguing that the history of language provides compelling evidence for an evolution of consciousness. History in English Words characterizes the scope and span of this evolution in a way that acknowledges its Romantic roots even as it offers solutions to social and philosophical problems that afflict modern humanity.
Chesterton, Apologetics, and the Art of Positioning
Authors: Pickering David
Published: April 2020

This article analyses G.K. Chesterton's positioning of himself as an apologist in relation to his audience. It argues that he deployed a set of rhetorical devices that enabled him to create common ground with his readers. He used these devices to present himself as a friend, and to claim that he presented religious questions to his readers in the manner of an unbiased explorer, in spite of his own faith commitments. As part of this strategy, he restricted the range of theology he used in his apologetics so as to remain as far as possible within boundaries his non-religious readers could easily relate to. The article concludes with reflections concerning Chesterton's influence on some of the Inklings and his relevance for contemporary apologetics.
Stability Assessment Method Considering Fault Fixing Time in Open Source Project
Authors: Sone Hironobu , Tamura Yoshinobu , Yamada Shigeru
Published: April 2020

Recently, open source software (OSS) are adopted various situations because of quick delivery, cost reduction and standardization of systems. Many OSS are developed under the peculiar development style known as bazaar method. According to this method, faults are detected and fixed by users and developers around the world, and the fixed result will be reflected in the next release. Also, the fix time of faults tends to be shorter as the development of OSS progresses. However, several large-scale open source projects have a problem that faults fixing takes a lot of time because faults corrector cannot handle many faults reports quickly. Furthermore, imperfect fault fixing sometimes occurs because the fault fixing is performed by various people and environments. Therefore, OSS users and project managers need to know the stability degree of open source projects by grasping the fault fixing time. In this paper, for assessment stability of large-scale open source project, we derive the imperfect fault fixing probability and the transition probability distribution. For derivation, we use the software reliability growth model based on the Wiener process considering that the fault fixing time in open source projects changes depending on various factors such as the fault reporting time and the assignees for fixing faults. In addition, we applied the proposed model to actual open source project data and examined the validity of the model.
CFD Investigation of Parameters Affecting Oil-Water Stratified Flow in a Channel
Authors: Dewangan Satish Kumar , Senapati Santosh Kumar , Deshmukh Vivek
Published: April 2020

Stratified flow is a common occurrence for various internal flow based industrial multiphase flow patterns. This involves fully or partially well-defined interface which continuously evolve with space and time. Hence stratified flow analysis essentially involves proper interface capturing approach. The present work focuses on the numerical analysis of oil-water stratified pattern using the Coupled level set and volume of fluid method (CLSVOF) in ANSYS Fluent in a two-dimensional channel. The work involves predicting the effect of density ratio, kinematic viscosity and surface tension coefficient on the mixture velocity and total pressure changes. At outset, the final conclusions may be gainfully employed in oil transportation pipeline, chemical industries and in pipeline flow control administration, etc.
Detection of coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) based on Deep Features and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Sethy Prabira Kumar , Behera Santi Kumari , Ratha Pradyumna Kumar , Biswas Preesat
Published: April 2020

The detection of coronavirus (COVID-19) is now a critical task for the medical practitioner. The coronavirus spread so quickly between people and approaches 100,000 people worldwide. In this consequence, it is very much essential to identify the infected people so that prevention of spread can be taken. In this paper, the deep feature plus support vector machine (SVM) based methodology is suggested for detection of coronavirus infected patient using X-ray images. For classification, SVM is used instead of deep learning based classifier, as the later one need a large dataset for training and validation. The deep features from the fully connected layer of CNN model are extracted and fed to SVM for classification purpose. The SVM classifies the corona affected X-ray images from others. The methodology consists of three categories of Xray images, i.e., COVID-19, pneumonia and normal. The method is beneficial for the medical practitioner to classify among the COVID-19 patient, pneumonia patient and healthy people. SVM is evaluated for detection of COVID-19 using the deep features of different 13 number of CNN models. The SVM produced the best results using the deep feature of ResNet50. The classification model, i.e. ResNet50 plus SVM achieved accuracy, sensitivity, FPR and F1 score of 95.33%,95.33%,2.33% and 95.34% respectively for detection of COVID-19 (ignoring SARS, MERS and ARDS). Again, the highest accuracy achieved by ResNet50 plus SVM is 98.66%. The result is based on the Xray images available in the repository of GitHub and Kaggle. As the data set is in hundreds, the classification based on SVM is more robust compared to the transfer learning approach. Also, a comparison analysis of other traditional classification method is carried out. The traditional methods are local binary patterns (LBP) plus SVM, histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) plus SVM and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) plus SVM. In traditional image classification method, LBP plus SVM achieved 93.4% of accuracy.
Optimal Promotional Effort Policy in Innovation Diffusion Model
Incorporating Dynamic Market Size in Segment Specific Market
Authors: Mehta Sunita , Chaudhary Kuldeep , Kumar Vijay
Published: April 2020

Due the increasing globalization of market and diverse consumer groups, market segmentation becomes an ever more important concept in current market scenario. After market segmentation, firms use the available promotional strategies to target market. In this paper, we present a model of determining the optimal dynamic promotional policies for a product in segmented market incorporating dynamic market size, where sales is assumed to be evolved through mass and differentiated promotion. Mass promotional effort is allowed in whole market with a fixed spectrum for each segment while differentiated promotion is targeted to each segment independently. The optimal promotional effort policy for each segment is obtained by applying maximum principle. Numerical illustrations are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed method and solution procedure by discretizing the optimal control model. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis of the discount rate parameter is carried out and presented.
Thermo-Mechanical Analysis for an Axisymmetric Functionally Graded Rotating Disc under Linear and Quadratic Thermal Loading
Authors: Mehta Parth Dinesh , Sahni Manoj
Published: April 2020

The study presents thermo-mechanical analysis of functionally graded (FG) rotating disc whose material properties, namely, Young’s modulus, density and coefficient of thermal expansion in radial direction are tailored from inner to outer radius using power law form. The disc is considered to be under the influence of internal pressure, centrifugal body force and thermal loading of the form linear as well as quadratic. Response of FG disc under linear and quadratic temperature profile subjected to internal pressure as well as centrifugal body force is analysed. An exact solution for stress in radial and tangential directions, under mechanical and thermal loading is presented. Numerical solutions for stresses under internal pressure with uniform thermal loading are obtained using finite element method and its comparison with analytical results is presented graphically. Results for radial displacement, radial stress and tangential stress are depicted graphically and their interpretation has been discussed.
Interval Analysis of the Eigenvalues of Closed-Loop Control Systems with Uncertain Parameters
Authors: Zhao Jing-Zhou , Yao Guo-Feng , Liu Rui-Yao , Zhu Yuan-Cheng , Gao Kui-Yang , Wang Min
Published: April 2020

Uncertainty caused by a parameter measurement error or a model error causes difficulties for the implementation of the control method. Experts can divide the uncertain system into a definite part and an uncertain part and solve each part using various methods. Two uncertainty problems of the control system arise: problem A for the definite part—how does one find out the optimal number and position of actuators when the actuating force of an actuator is smaller than the control force? Problem B for the uncertain part—how does one evaluate the effect of uncertainty on the eigenvalues of a closed-loop control system? This paper utilizes an interval to express the uncertain parameters and converts the control system into a definite part and an uncertain part using interval theory. The interval state matrix is constructed by physical parameters of the system for the definite part of the control system. For Problem A, the paper finds out the singular value element sensitivity of the modal control matrix and reorders the optimal location of the actuators. Then, the paper calculates the state feedback gain matrix for a single actuator using the receptance method of pole assignment and optimizes the number and position of the actuators using the recursive design method. For Problem B, which concerns the robustness of closed-loop systems, the paper obtains the effects of uncertain parameters on the real and imaginary parts of the eigenvalues of a closed-loop system using the matrix perturbation theory and interval expansion theory. Finally, a numerical example illustrates the recursive design method to optimize the number and location of actuators and it also shows that the change rate of eigenvalues increases with the increase in uncertainty.
Chlamydia psittaci Triggers the Invasion of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus by Impairing the Functions of Chicken Macrophages
Authors: Chu Jun , Guo Yongxia , Xu Guanlong , Zhang Qiang , Zuo Zonghui , Li Qiang , Wang Yihui , He Cheng
Published: April 2020

In a pilot study, simultaneous infection with Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci) and H9N2 virus induced 20% mortality and severe avian airsacculitis, shedding light on animal models of poultry respiratory diseases. However, the pathogenesis is still unclear. In the current study, we hypothesized that C. psittaci infection execrates macrophage function and facilitates H9N2 infection. To explore the potential mechanism, we studied the effect of C. psittaci and H9N2 on the functions of HD11 cells in vitro by simultaneous infection of C. psittaci and H9N2. At the same time, we used infection with C. psittaci or H9N2 alone as the control groups. The results showed that coinfection with C. psittaci and H9N2 could significantly aggravate the mortality of HD11 cells compared to C. psittaci or H9N2 infection alone. In addition, coinfection with C. psittaci and H9N2 did not induce high C. psittaci loads compared to C. psittaci infection alone at 12- and 24-hours post-inoculation (hpi), but coinfection with C. psittaci and H9N2 could increase the loads of H9N2 compared to H9N2 alone in HD11 cells at 12 hpi. More importantly, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression levels, enzyme activity, nitric oxide (NO) production, and phagocytosis were reduced significantly in the group with C. psittaci and H9N2 coinfection compared to those of H9N2 or C. psittaci alone at 24 hpi. Finally, C. psittaci infection induced robust expressions of type Th2 cytokines interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10, while interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) displayed a significant decrease compared to H9N2 infection alone at 24 hpi. All the above data indicate that C. psittaci infection can facilitate H9N2 invasion and to aggravate severe avian airsacculitis by impairing macrophage functions.
Energy Efficiency in Buildings and Innovative Materials for Building Construction
Authors: Cornaro Cristina , Buratti Cinzia
Published: April 2020

The main topics of this Special Issue regard energy efficiency in buildings and the use of innovative materials for design and retrofitting to pursue this goal [...]