bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory effects on the HMG-CoA Reductase in the chemical constituents of the Cassia mimosoides Linn
Authors: Shen Chuangpeng , Huang Liping , Xiang Hua , Deng Minzhen , Gao Huahong , Zhu Zhangzhi , Liu Min , Luo Guangbo
Published: January 2017

Cassia mimosoides Linn has been used from ancient times and used for treating hepatitis for its supposedly medically beneficial properties. In this study, different constituents of the Cassia mimosoides Linn (β-Sitosterol, Oleanolic Acid, Emodin, Carotene, Resorcinol, Luteolin, and α-L-Rhamnose) were evaluated for potential anti-HMG-CoA reductase effect. The inhibitory effects of HMG-CoA reductase of Cassia mimosoides Linn extracts and Pravastatin inhibitor at different concentrations (at doses of 1, 5, 25 or 125 μg/mL, respectively) in reaction system (70 mmol/L phosphate buffer, 200mmol/L NADPH, 5 μg HMG-CoA reductase, 2 mmol/L EDTA, 2 mmol/L cysteamine, 0.06% BSA) into 37°C preheat HMG-CoA for initiating this reaction, and then determined the change of HMG-CoA reductase activity (ΔAΔt) at 340 nm, the inhibition ratio of HMG-CoA reductase activity and its dynamic change of inhibitory effect within 15 min and the descent rate of NADPH. Emodin, Luteolin, β-Sitosterol, Oleanolic Acid, α-L-Rhamnose and Carotene showed good inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase activity. Among them, only the Emodin (1 and 5 μg/mL) groups showed a significant decrease of HMG-CoA reductase activity compared to the Pravastatin (1 and 5 μg/mL) groups respectively. In addition, the HMG-CoA reductase activity in the Emodin and Luteolin (25 and 125 μg/mL) groups was clearly lower than the Pravastatin (25 and 125 μg/mL) groups respectively. And the Emodin and Luteolin (1, 5, 25 or 125 μg/mL) groups exhibited a stable effect on inhibiting the HMG-CoA reductase within 15 min. These findings further support the exploration of Cassia mimosoides Linn as a potential agent for the treatment of hepatitis in future studies.
Influence of Selected Factors on the Sawing Capacity of Sawmills in the Czech Republic
Authors: Bomba J. , Böhm M. , Šedivka P. , Friess F. , Orálková R.
Published: January 2017

The paper deals with the influence of selected factors on the sawing capacity of small and medium-sized sawmills with a sawing capacity to 99 999 m3/year under the conditions of the Czech Republic. One of the objectives was to analyze the current state of production technology and machinery. In total, data was analyzed from 195 sawmills that were divided into five groups according to the volume of processed timber. A production function was created from the ascertained results in order to determine the sawing capacity for small and medium-sized sawmills. It was found out that sawing capacity is mostly affected by the number of employees. The influence of the degree of mechanization and the main sawing technology was evaluated, too.
Biodiversity Evaluation of Geotrichum candidum Link. Is Arthrosporic Nucleus Number in Geotrichum candidum related to the Fungus Biodiversity?
Authors: Koňuchová M. , Lehotová V. , Šípková A. , Piecková E. , Valík Ľ.
Published: January 2017

Geotrichum candidum species exhibits properties of both moulds and yeasts and its affiliation to one of the groups has been intensively discussed. It is because this filamentous microscopic fungus is displaying substantial morphological variability and wide phenotypic diversity. The present study assesses the variability of arthrosporic nucleus number of twelve isolates of G. candidum originating from artisanal manufacturing and ripened traditional Slovak cheeses. Results showed that arthrospores of the studied isolates contained on average 1.5 ± 0.7 (on the Gorodkova medium) and 1.5 ± 0.6 (on the McClary medium) Hoechst 33258-stained nuclei (range 1–4 nuclei on both agars) after a 7-day cultivation at 25°C. Majority of arthrospores comprised one nucleus, irrespective to the used nutrient-limited medium. Generally, a higher relative nucleus number per arthrospore was exhibited in yeast-like isolates with microscopic structure composed predominantly of spores, while it was lower in vegetative hyphae. These isolates originated from ewe’s lump cheese. Our study reveals that the arthrosporic nucleus number of the G. candidum strains is closely related to morphotype and origin of this yeast.
Verbs of Command and the Status of Their Embedded Complements in Chinese
Authors: Colum Yip Chak-Lam
Published: January 2017

This paper argues against Yue’s (1999) view that complements to verbs of commands (jiao ‘to ask/to tell,’ qing ‘to request,’ quan ‘to persuade,’ etc.) are embedded imperatives with a covert [+second person] subject pronoun. Evidence against the embedded imperative analysis include the presence of partial control, the absence of blocking effect in long-distance binding, the incompatibility between these complement clauses and the polite imperative marker qing, and the fact that Yue’s proposed covert [+second person] pronoun cannot be made overt. Since verbs of commands participate in object control, the present proposal agrees with Zhu’s (1982) treatment of verbs of command as pivotal verbs. Finally, complement clauses of verbs of command are not embedded imperatives as bie can also appear with third person subjects, which shows that the negator does not mark imperative but irrealis and deontic modality. Hence, its presence in complements of verbs of command does not lead to an embedded imperative analysis.
Comparing Methods for Computing the Time of Concentration in a Medium-Sized Hungarian Catchment
Authors: Nagy E. D. , Torma P. , Bene K.
Published: January 2017

One of the most often-used parameters that describes morphology and runoff from a watershed is the time of concentration (Tc). At gauged watersheds, Tc can be determined using rainfall and a runoff hydrograph, while for ungauged watersheds, empirical equations are used. A good initial estimate of Tc greatly improves the accuracy of runoff predictions. In our study, we applied 14 empirical equations to determine Tc. Tarján Creek, which is located in northeastern Hungary, was selected as the trial gauged watershed. It is located in a mountainous region with an area of 72 km2. The input parameters for the empirical equations were determined using geoinformatical tools. To evaluate the accuracy of the empirical equations, HEC-HMS was used to model the runoff. Using the measured runoff data, both continuous and event-based models were calibrated. For direct runoff, Clark’s unit hydrograph was selected. Tc is one of the input parameters for this model. After the calibration, the estimates from the empirical equations for Tc were compared to the HEC-HMS calibrated values for each subwatershed. The empirical estimates varied greatly. The Wisnovszky-equation, which is most often used in Hungary, underestimated Tc.
Utilization of Historical Maps in the Land Use Change Impact Studies: A Case Study from Myjava River Basin
Authors: Valent P. , Rončák P. , Maliariková M. , Behan Š.
Published: January 2017

The way land is used has a significant impact on many hydrological processes that determine the generation of flood runoff or soil erosion. Advancements in remote sensing which took place in the second half of the 20th century have led to the rise of a new research area focused on analyses of land use changes and their impact on hydrological processes. This study deals with an analysis of the changes in land use over a period of almost three centuries in the Myjava River catchment, which has an outlet at Šaštín-Stráže. In order to obtain information about the way the land was used in the past, three historical mappings representing various periods were used: the first (1st) military mapping (1764-1787), second (2nd) military mapping (1807-1869), and a military topographic mapping (1953-1957). The historical mappings have been manually vectorised in an ArcGIS environment to identify various land use categories. The historical evolution of land use was further compared with a concurrent land use mapping, which was undertaken in 2010 and exploited remote sensing techniques. The study also quantifies the impact of these changes on the long-term catchment runoff as well as their impact on flows induced by extreme precipitation events. This analysis was performed using the WetSpa distributed hydrological model, which enables the simulation of catchment runoff in a daily time step. The analysis showed that the selected catchment has undergone significant changes in land use, mainly characterized by massive deforestation at the end of the 18th century and land consolidation in the middle of the 20th century induced by communist collectivisation. The hydrological simulations demonstrated that the highest and lowest mean annual runoffs were simulated in the first (1st military mapping) and the last (concurrent land use monitoring) time intervals respectively with the smallest and largest percentages of forested areas.
Evaluation of Macroinvertebrate Data Based on Autoecological Information
Authors: Juhász I.
Published: January 2017

Various data (biological, chemical, hydrological and morphological) have been gathered within the frame of the monitoring of the Water Framework Directive from 2007 in Hungary. This data only used a status assessment of certain water bodies in Hungary. The macroinvertebrates indicate many environmental factors well; therefore, they are very useful in detecting changes in the status of an environment. The main aim in this research was to investigate changes in environmental variables and decide how these variables cause big changes in the macroinvertebrate fauna. The macroinvertebrate data was processed using the ASTERICS 4.0.4 program. The program calculated some important metrics (i.e., microhabitat distributions, longitudinal zonation, functional feeding guilds, etc.). These metrics were compared with the chemical and hydrological data. The main conclusion is that if we have enough of a frequency and quality of macroinvertebrate data, we can understand changes in the environment of an ecosystem.
Subgenic Pol II interactomes identify region‐specific transcription elongation regulators
Authors: Harlen Kevin M , Churchman L Stirling
Published: January 2017

Transcription, RNA processing, and chromatin‐related factors all interact with RNA polymerase II (Pol II) to ensure proper timing and coordination of transcription and co‐transcriptional processes. Many transcription elongation regulators must function simultaneously to coordinate these processes, yet few strategies exist to explore the complement of factors regulating specific stages of transcription. To this end, we developed a strategy to purify Pol II elongation complexes from subgenic regions of a single gene, namely the 5′ and 3′ regions, using sequences in the nascent RNA. Applying this strategy to Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we determined the specific set of factors that interact with Pol II at precise stages during transcription. We identify many known region‐specific factors as well as determine unappreciated associations of regulatory factors during early and late stages of transcription. These data reveal a role for the transcription termination factor, Rai1, in regulating the early stages of transcription genome‐wide and support the role of Bye1 as a negative regulator of early elongation. We also demonstrate a role for the ubiquitin ligase, Bre1, in regulating Pol II dynamics during the latter stages of transcription. These data and our approach to analyze subgenic transcription elongation complexes will shed new light on the myriad factors that regulate the different stages of transcription and coordinate co‐transcriptional processes.
A Robust and Powerful Set-Valued Approach to Rare Variant Association Analyses of Secondary Traits in Case-Control Sequencing Studies
Authors: Kang Guolian , Bi Wenjian , Zhang Hang , Pounds Stanley , Cheng Cheng , Shete Sanjay , Zou Fei , Zhao Yanlong , Zhang Ji-Feng , Yue Weihua
Published: January 2017

In many case-control designs of genome-wide association (GWAS) or next generation sequencing (NGS) studies, extensive data on secondary traits that may correlate and share the common genetic variants with the primary disease are available. Investigating these secondary traits can provide critical insights into the disease etiology or pathology, and enhance the GWAS or NGS results. Methods based on logistic regression (LG) were developed for this purpose. However, for the identification of rare variants (RVs), certain inadequacies in the LG models and algorithmic instability can cause severely inflated type I error, and significant loss of power, when the two traits are correlated and the RV is associated with the disease, especially at stringent significance levels. To address this issue, we propose a novel set-valued (SV) method that models a binary trait by dichotomization of an underlying continuous variable, and incorporate this into the genetic association model as a critical component. Extensive simulations and an analysis of seven secondary traits in a GWAS of benign ethnic neutropenia show that the SV method consistently controls type I error well at stringent significance levels, has larger power than the LG-based methods, and is robust in performance to effect pattern of the genetic variant (risk or protective), rare or common variants, rare or common diseases, and trait distributions. Because of the SV method’s striking and profound advantage, we strongly recommend the SV method be employed instead of the LG-based methods for secondary traits analyses in case-control sequencing studies.
A Role for the Twins Protein Phosphatase (PP2A-B55) in the Maintenance of Drosophila Genome Integrity
Authors: Merigliano Chiara , Marzio Antonio , Renda Fioranna , Somma Maria Patrizia , Gatti Maurizio , Vernì Fiammetta
Published: January 2017

The protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a conserved heterotrimeric enzyme that regulates several cellular processes including the DNA damage response and mitosis. Consistent with these functions, PP2A is mutated in many types of cancer and acts as a tumor suppressor. In mammalian cells, PP2A inhibition results in DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) and chromosome aberrations (CABs). However, the mechanisms through which PP2A prevents DNA damage are still unclear. Here, we focus on the role of the Drosophila twins (tws) gene in the maintenance of chromosome integrity; tws encodes the B regulatory subunit (B/B55) of PP2A. Mutations in tws cause high frequencies of CABs (0.5 CABs/cell) in Drosophila larval brain cells and lead to an abnormal persistence of γ-H2Av repair foci. However, mutations that disrupt the PP4 phosphatase activity impair foci dissolution but do not cause CABs, suggesting that a delayed foci regression is not clastogenic. We also show that Tws is required for activation of the G2/M DNA damage checkpoint while PP4 is required for checkpoint recovery, a result that points to a conserved function of these phosphatases from flies to humans. Mutations in the ATM-coding gene tefu are strictly epistatic to tws mutations for the CAB phenotype, suggesting that failure to dephosphorylate an ATM substrate(s) impairs DNA DSBs repair. In addition, mutations in the Ku70 gene, which do not cause CABs, completely suppress CAB formation in tws Ku70 double mutants. These results suggest the hypothesis that an improperly phosphorylated Ku70 protein can lead to DNA damage and CABs.
The Role of the UNC-82 Protein Kinase in Organizing Myosin Filaments in Striated Muscle ofCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Schiller NaTasha R , Duchesneau Christopher D , Lane Latrisha S , Reedy April R , Manzon Emily R , Hoppe Pamela E
Published: January 2017

We study the mechanisms that guide the formation and maintenance of the highly ordered actin-myosin cytoskeleton in striated muscle. The UNC-82 kinase of Caenorhabditis elegans is orthologous to mammalian kinases ARK5/NUAK1 and SNARK/NUAK2. UNC-82 localizes to the M-line, and is required for proper organization of thick filaments, but its substrate and mechanism of action are unknown. Antibody staining of three mutants with missense mutations in the UNC-82 catalytic domain revealed muscle structure that is less disorganized than in the null unc-82(0), but contained distinctive ectopic accumulations not found in unc-82(0). These accumulations contain paramyosin and myosin B, but lack myosin A and myosin A-associated proteins, as well as proteins of the integrin-associated complex. Fluorescently tagged missense mutant protein UNC-82 E424K localized normally in wild type; however, in unc-82(0), the tagged protein was found in the ectopic accumulations, which we also show to label with recently synthesized paramyosin. Recruitment of wild-type UNC-82::GFP to aggregates of differing protein composition in five muscle-affecting mutants revealed that colocalization of UNC-82 and paramyosin does not require UNC-96, UNC-98/ZnF, UNC-89/obscurin, CSN-5, myosin A, or myosin B individually. Dosage effects in paramyosin mutants suggest that UNC-82 acts as part of a complex, in which its stoichiometric relationship with paramyosin is critical. UNC-82 dosage affects muscle organization in the absence of paramyosin, perhaps through myosin B. We present evidence that the interaction of UNC-98/ZnF with myosin A is independent of UNC-82, and that UNC-82 acts upstream of UNC-98/ZnF in a pathway that organizes paramyosin during thick filament assembly.
The Lipocalin LPR-1 Cooperates with LIN-3/EGF Signaling To Maintain Narrow Tube Integrity in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Pu Pu , Stone Craig E , Burdick Joshua T , Murray John I , Sundaram Meera V
Published: January 2017

Lipocalins are secreted cup-shaped glycoproteins that bind sterols, fatty acids, and other lipophilic molecules. Lipocalins have been implicated in a wide array of processes related to lipophilic cargo transport, sequestration, and signaling, and several are used as biomarkers for human disease, but the functions of most lipocalins remain poorly understood. Here we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans lipocalin LPR-1 is required to maintain apical membrane integrity and a continuous lumen in two narrow unicellular tubes, the excretory duct and pore, during a period of rapid lumen elongation. LPR-1 fusion protein is expressed by the duct and pore and accumulates both intracellularly and in apical extracellular compartments, but it can also function cell nonautonomously when provided from outside of the excretory system. lpr-1 mutant defects can be rescued by increased signaling through the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-Ras-extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) pathway, which promotes the more elongated duct vs. less elongated pore tube fate. Spatial and temporal rescue experiments indicate that Ras signaling acts within the duct and pore tubes during or prior to cell fate determination to bypass the requirement for LPR-1. lpr-1 mutations did not disrupt LIN-3/EGF-dependent duct-fate specification, prevent functioning of any specific LIN-3/EGF isoform, or alter LET-23/EGFR localization, and reduced signaling did not phenocopy or enhance lpr-1 mutant defects. These data suggest that LPR-1 protects lumen integrity through a LIN-3/EGF-independent mechanism, but that increased signaling upregulates some target(s) that can compensate for lpr-1 absence.
Premature Silencing of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint Is Prevented by the Bub1-H2A-Sgo1-PP2A Axis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Jin Fengzhi , Bokros Michael , Wang Yanchang
Published: January 2017

The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) monitors mistakes in kinetochore-microtubule interaction and its activation prevents anaphase entry. The SAC remains active until all chromosomes have achieved bipolar attachment which applies tension on kinetochores. Our previous data in budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae show that Ipl1/Aurora B kinase and a centromere-associated protein, Sgo1, are required to prevent SAC silencing prior to tension generation, but we believe that this regulatory network is incomplete. Bub1 kinase is one of the SAC components, and Bub1-dependent H2A phosphorylation triggers centromere recruitment of Sgo1 by H2A in yeast and human cells. Although yeast cells lacking the kinase domain of Bub1 show competent SAC activation, we found that the mutant cells fail to maintain a prolonged checkpoint arrest in the presence of tensionless attachment. Mutation of the Bub1 phosphorylation site in H2A also results in premature SAC silencing in yeast cells. Previous data indicate that Sgo1 protein binds to PP2ARts1, and we found that rts1Δ mutants exhibited premature SAC silencing as well. We further revealed that sgo1 mutants with abolished binding to H2A or PP2ARts1 displayed premature SAC silencing. Together, our results suggest that, in budding yeast S. cerevisiae, the Bub1-H2A-Sgo1-PP2ARts1 axis prevents SAC silencing and helps prolonged checkpoint arrest prior to tension establishment at kinetochores.
Palikęs bičiulystės šviesą
Authors: Šidlauskas Marijus
Published: January 2017

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Sovietinio laikotarpio kasdienybės – išgyvenimo strategijos ideologijų sankirtose
Authors: Baločkaitė Rasa
Published: January 2017

Šiame straipsnyje siekiama pritaikyti subaltern, postkolonializmo ir popkultūros teorijas analizuojant sovietinio subjekto santykį su oficialia sovietine ideologija ir tradicine, prokatalikiška morale. Čia remiamasi pamatiniu subaltern studijų principu – kad subjekto sąmonė nėra tabula rasa, į kurią dominuojantis režimas „įrašo“ pageidaujamas reikšmes, o subjektas geba aktyviai dalyvauti kuriant prasmes. Straipsnyje, remiantis atliktais interviu, analizuojama, kaip ideologijos funkcionuoja kasdienio gyvenimo situacijose ikiteorinio žinojimo lygmeniu vėlyvuoju sovietmečiu Lietuvoje.
Socialinis mobilumas posocialistinėse šalyse: tyrimų būklė ir aktualios problemos
Authors: Tatarėlienė Dovilė
Published: January 2017

Straipsnio tikslas yra analitinė socialinio mobilumo posocialistinėse šalyse tyrimų apžvalga. Pirmame skirsnyje pristatomos socialinio mobilumo sąvokos ir tyrimų kryptys, aprašomi skirtingais socialinės struktūros modeliais grįsti socialinio mobilumo matavimo būdai. Antrame skirsnyje nušviečiami socialistinio laikotarpio socialinio mobilumo tyrimų bruožai. Toliau socialinio mobilumo tyrimai grupuojami pagal naudojamus klasinius ir neklasinius socialinės struktūros modelius. Trečiame skirsnyje analizuojami tarpklasinio socialinio mobilumo tyrimai, pabrėžiant juose naudojamas klasių schemas bei absoliutaus ir santykinio socialinio mobilumo skyrimo reikalingumą. Ketvirtoje straipsnio dalyje pristatomi tyrimai, besiremiantys statuso pasiekimo modeliu, išryškinant šių tyrimų metodologijos ypatumus ir jų ribotumus. Rečiau pasitaikančios socialinio mobilumo rūšies – subjektyvaus socialinio mobilumo – tyrimai aprašomi penktame skirsnyje. Paskutinėje straipsnio dalyje apžvelgiama socialinio mobilumo tyrimų situacija Lietuvoje, pristatomi socialinio mobilumo tyrimai socialistinėje ir posocialistinėje Lietuvoje.
Dietary Supplements and Young Teens: Misinformation and Access Provided by Retailers
Authors: Herriman Maguire , Fletcher Laura , Tchaconas Alexis , Adesman Andrew , Milanaik Ruth
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Despite the American Academy of Pediatrics’ recommendations against pediatric use of creatine and testosterone boosters, research suggests that many young teenagers take these dietary supplements. Our objective was to determine to what extent health food stores would recommend and/or sell creatine and testosterone boosters to a 15-year-old boy customer.

METHODS:

Research personnel posing as 15-year-old high school athletes seeking to increase muscle strength contacted 244 health food stores in the United States via telephone. Researchers asked the sales attendant what supplements he/she would recommend. If a sales attendant did not mention creatine or testosterone boosters initially, each of these supplements was then specifically asked about. Supplement recommendations were recorded. Sales attendants were also asked if a 15-year-old could purchase these products on his own in the store.

RESULTS:

A total of 67.2% (164/244) of sales attendants recommended creatine: 38.5% (94/244) recommended creatine without prompting, and an additional 28.7% (70/244) recommended creatine after being asked specifically about it. A total of 9.8% (24/244) of sales attendants recommended a testosterone booster. Regarding availability for sale, 74.2% (181/244) of sales attendants stated a 15-year-old was allowed to purchase creatine, whereas 41.4% (101/244) stated one could purchase a testosterone booster.

CONCLUSIONS:

Health food store employees frequently recommend creatine and testosterone boosters for boy high school athletes. In response to these findings, pediatricians should inform their teenage patients, especially athletes, about safe, healthy methods to improve athletic performance and discourage them from using creatine or testosterone boosters. Retailers and state legislatures should also consider banning the sale of these products to minors.
A Targeted Approach for Congenital Cytomegalovirus Screening Within Newborn Hearing Screening
Authors: Fowler Karen B. , McCollister Faye P. , Sabo Diane L. , Shoup Angela G. , Owen Kris E. , Woodruff Julie L. , Cox Edith , Mohamed Lisa S. , Choo Daniel I. , Boppana Suresh B. ,   on behalf of the CHIMES Study
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection remains a leading cause of childhood hearing loss. Currently universal CMV screening at birth does not exist in the United States. An alternative approach could be testing infants who do not pass their newborn hearing screening (NHS) for cCMV. This study was undertaken to evaluate whether a targeted approach will identify infants with CMV-related sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL).

METHODS:

Infants born at 7 US medical centers received NHS and were also screened for cCMV while in the newborn nursery. Infants who tested positive for CMV received further diagnostic audiologic evaluations to identify or confirm hearing loss.

RESULTS:

Between 2007 and 2012, 99 945 newborns were screened for both hearing impairment and cCMV. Overall, 7.0% of CMV-positive infants did not pass NHS compared with 0.9% of CMV-negative infants (P < .0001). Among the cCMV infants who failed NHS, diagnostic testing confirmed that 65% had SNHL. In addition, 3.6% of CMV-infected infants who passed their NHS had SNHL confirmed by further evaluation during early infancy. NHS in this cohort identified 57% of all CMV-related SNHL that occurred in the neonatal period.

CONCLUSIONS:

A targeted CMV approach that tests newborns who fail their NHS identified the majority of infants with CMV-related SNHL at birth. However, 43% of the infants with CMV-related SNHL in the neonatal period and cCMV infants who are at risk for late onset SNHL were not identified by NHS.
Artemis Ephesia in Apulum biography of a Roman bronze statuette
Authors: Szabó Csaba , Ota Radu , Ciută Marius Mihai
Published: January 2017

The first known representation of Artemis from Ephesus in Dacia was recovered in the spring of 2006, the small bronze statuette being part of one of the biggest private, archaeological collections looted from various Roman sites. In this article, the authors present the iconographic features of the statuette, the religious significance of the object and through the modern story of the artefact will reflect on the biography of ancient objects once used in religious contexts.
Radius oder colus? Textilhandwerk und Umweltveränderung im spätkaiserzeitlichen Pannonien
Authors: Müller Róbert
Published: January 2017

In this paper I prove that the 20–30 cm long, tapered iron sticks frequently occurring in Pannonia in the 4th century were not pin-beaters but manual distaffs used in spinning. Due to climate change the water level of Lake Balaton increased in the late imperial period. For the protection of lakeside settlements and plough-lands Emperor Galerius opened the Sió Canal, by which, however, he could only prevent the further rise of the water level. The monumental theory assuming a significant expansion of agricultural lands and a continuous exportation of grain surpluses does not stand up.
Parasites on the spot: the rediscovery of a presumably extinct Apodanthaceae in São Paulo state, Brazil
Authors: Gissi Danilo Soares , Groppo Milton
Published: January 2017

Apodanthaceae are achlorophyllous herbs holoparasitic on the stems and roots of species of Fabaceae or Salicaceae (Casearia and Xylosma). The family consists of two genera, Apodanthes Poit. and Pilostyles Guill. Although one species of each genus occurs in several states of Brazil, we report a new record of Pilostyles blanchetti (Gardner) R.Br. in the state of São Paulo, the first in 50 years. Comments on the distribution of species, hypothetic pollinators, and color images are presented.
Evaluación integral de la sensibilidad en los pies de las personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Rivas Acuña Valentina , Mateo Crisóstomo Yadira , García Barjau Herminia , Martínez Serrano Amalia , Magaña Castillo Margarita , Gerónimo Carrillo Rodolfo
Published: January 2017

Introducción: Actualmente la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 es considerada una epidemia en el mundo, es uno de los problemas de mayor trascendencia, por su alta prevalencia como por su enorme repercusión social y económica, por tal motivo el propósito del estudio fue evaluar de manera integral la sensibilidad en los pies de las personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, de Villahermosa, Tabasco, México. Materiales y Métodos: El diseño fue descriptivo correlacional, la muestra fue de 198 personas. Se utilizó el Test del Michigan Neuropathy Screening con monofilamento de Semme Weinstein, Diapasón, temperatura frío/calor y reflejo Aquileo. Resultados y Discusión: El sexo femenino predominó con un 70.2% y el 29.8% hombres, el promedio de edad fue 56.44 años y 12.34 años promedio con la enfermedad. El 46% registró síntomas neuropáticos moderados, 26.3% graves; el 65.7% riesgo de neuropatía positiva (40.9% mujeres y 24.8% hombres), 41.1% con pérdida de sensibilidad moderada y 29.3% sensibilidad normal; el 74.7% tiene un control glucémico deficiente. Los factores de riesgo detectados con mayor prevalencia fueron helomas, hiperqueratosis y deformidades. Conclusiones: Existe una correlación significativa entre la pérdida de la sensibilidad con los años con la enfermedad, con la hiperglucemia y síntomas de neuropatía, la pérdida de sensibilidad en mujeres es de moderada a grave y en los hombres la pérdida de la sensibilidad es moderada.

Cómo citar este artículo: Rivas V, Mateo Y, García H, Martínez A, Magaña M, Carrillo R.  Evaluación integral de la sensibilidad en los pies de las personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(1):1423-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i1.348
Practicas evaluativas del proceso de atención de enfermería: una visión de docentes y estudiantes
Authors: Martínez Royert Judith Cristina
Published: January 2017

Introducción: La evaluación requiere análisis y reflexión sistémica sobre la acción docente-estudiante, su objetivo máximo es aportar elementos para comprender bajo qué condiciones ocurren los fenómenos educativos; el objetivo fue caracterizar las prácticas evaluativas docentes del programa de Enfermería. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, combina métodos, técnicas, enfoques y conceptos (cualitativo y cuantitativo) para profundizar la comprensión del objeto estudiado, población: 6 docentes, 86 estudiantes. Resultados: La concepción de docentes es una evaluación procesual, orientada a medir objetivos, vista al final del proceso; según los estudiantes, 59% de los docentes aplica la heteroevaluación, 51% la evaluación sumativa, la prueba escrita es la más aplicada como instrumentos 93%, la evaluación constata resultados. Discusión: Los resultados de este estudio son una aproximación de cómo los estudiantes y docentes están percibiendo las prácticas evaluativas en el programa. Conclusiones: Se destaca en la concepción predominante de docentes la corriente positiva y postura Tyleriana, reflejada en la evaluación orientada al logro de objetivos; se privilegia la evaluación sumativa y de resultados  más que la del proceso, las prácticas evaluativas están al margen de la valoración del Proceso de Atención en Enfermería, no hay articulación entre la evaluación teórica y práctica; se requiere un cambio en las concepciones del docente, que permita comprender la complejidad del proceso de evaluación, su dinámica y la dialéctica de sus componentes en la valoración del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería; que propicie la resignificación de las prácticas evaluativas de tal manera que favorezcan el aprendizaje efectivo y contribuya a mejorar el desempeño del estudiante.

Cómo citar este artículo: Martínez JC. Practicas evaluativas del proceso de atención de enfermería: una visión de docentes y estudiante. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(1):1459-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i1.351
Nivel de autotrascendencia en un grupo de adultos mayores mexicanos
Authors: Guerrero Castañeda Raúl Fernando , Lara Pérez Ricardo
Published: January 2017

Introducción: La autotrascendencia es una expansión multidimensional personal, una conexión con los demás, el entorno y/o una entidad superior, está relacionada con el bienestar personal del adulto mayor. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de autotrascendencia de un grupo de adultos mayores mexicanos. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal; realizado en tres centros gerontológicos de Celaya, Guanajuato, México, muestra probabilística aleatoria n=118. Se incluyeron adultos mayores que acudían a los centros gerontológicos, hombres y mujeres, ≥ 60 años. Se utilizó la Escala de Autotrascendencia en español con valor resultante entre 15 y 60 (mayor puntaje = mayor autotrascendencia). Se realizó prueba piloto con 40 adultos mayores con Alpha de Cronbach de 0.80. Análisis estadístico descriptivo para variables categóricas (frecuencias y porcentajes), para variables numéricas: medidas de tendencia central y dispersión. Resultados: Media de Autotrascendencia fue 51.36. Se identificaron con “Encontrando significado en mis creencias espirituales” (85.6%) y “Disfrutando mi ritmo de vida” (81.4%); hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la media de Autotrascendencia (p˂0.05) por sexo, siendo mayor el nivel en las mujeres. No hubo diferencia entre grupos de edad. Discusión y Conclusiones: La media de autotrascendencia refleja un nivel alto, en comparación con otros estudios y se reportó entre 75-84 años una media mayor. Los adultos mayores se identifican con características como la religión y el disfrute de la vida. La Escala de Autotrascendencia se puede usar en adultos mayores mexicanos ya que demostró un buen nivel de consistencia interna.

Cómo citar este artículo: Guerrero RF, Lara R. Nivel de autotrascendencia en un grupo de adultos mayores mexicanos. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(1): 1476-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i1.354
Narrativa: el estudiante de enfermería aprendiendo el arte de cuidar
Authors: Valderrama Sanabria Mery Luz , Peña Pita Amalia Priscila , Clavijo Álvarez Luz Marina
Published: January 2017

Introducción: La narrativa de enfermería se presenta como una experiencia vivida y compartida entre dos personas, haciendo énfasis en pequeños detalles que preocupan a la persona que cuidamos. Aporta un conocimiento profundo en el arte de cuidar desde la práctica hacia la teoría, permitiendo analizar situaciones que suceden cuando el estudiante se enfrenta al escenario clínico, valorando a la persona de manera integral. El objetivo fue describir el significado de una vivencia experimentada por estudiantes de enfermería en la práctica clínica a través de una narrativa. Materiales y Métodos: Investigación cualitativa de carácter fenomenológico interpretativo en donde se exploran y analizan narrativas de estudiantes de enfermería que vivieron la experiencia más significativa en el transcurrir de su práctica clínica. Para recolectar y analizar la información, se utilizó la entrevista a profundidad y la observación registrada en notas de campo. Resultados: Surgieron cinco categorías del análisis: tranquilidad para el alma, aprender a escuchar, mi primer cuidado, más allá de la nota y familia y cuidado. Discusión y Conclusiones: La narrativa permitió reconocer diversas expresiones de cuidado que se hacen visibles, de acuerdo a la interacción y relación enriquecedora tanto para quien lo recibe, como para quien lo brinda. A su vez, es una estrategia que permite valorar integralmente al sujeto de cuidado en su ambiente propio, consolidando el fundamento del conocimiento en la práctica clínica de estudiantes de enfermería.

Cómo citar este artículo: Valderrama ML, Peña AP, Clavijo LM. Narrativa: el estudiante de enfermería aprendiendo el arte de cuidar. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(1): 1488-98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i1.362
Automedicación y creencias en torno a su práctica en Cartagena, Colombia
Authors: Del Toro Rubio Moraima , Díaz Pérez Anderson , Barrios Puerta Zorayda , Castillo Avila Irma Yolanda
Published: January 2017

Introducción: El uso racional de los medicamentos tiene implicaciones sanitarias de gran importancia, una vez que si se practica la automedicación se generan importantes efectos negativos sobre la salud. Objetivo: Describir las creencias en torno a la práctica de la automedicación entre los habitantes con edades de 20 a 59 años de la localidad 2 de la ciudad de Cartagena, Colombia. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte trasversal. La población de estudio fue de 428 personas, a quienes se les aplicó un instrumento, cuya información se analizó mediante estadística descriptiva. Resultados y Discusión: Los encuestados fueron de sexo femenino (58,6%), de 20-29 años de edad (35%), con formación secundaria completa (29,7%), de procedencia urbana (78%), jefes de hogar (50,2%), en unión libre (44,2%). La prevalencia de la automedicación estuvo en 89,7%. La falta de tiempo (28,3%) y la demora en la atención médica (22,7%) fueron las principales razones para hacerlo. La principal influencia proviene de la familia (49,3%). Los encuestados creen que algunos medicamentos son milagrosos y de efecto rápido; es común el uso de hierbas y plantas medicinales. Los medicamentos de mayor consumo fueron los destinados al tratamiento del dolor (95,1%), junto con los antipiréticos (72,4%) y las vitaminas/minerales (53,7%). Conclusiones: La automedicación fue una práctica muy usada y difundida en la población estudiada.

Cómo citar este artículo: Del Toro M, Díaz A, Barrios Z, Castillo IY. Automedicación y creencias en torno a su práctica en Cartagena, Colombia. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(1): 1509-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i1.367
Factores de riesgo para disfunción sistólica ventricular izquierda en adultos de un programa de salud global
Authors: Giraldo Castrillón Yessica María , Muñoz Fabián , Navarro Lechuga Edgar , Segura Cardona Ángela María
Published: January 2017

Introducción: La falla cardiaca, es un síndrome clínico habitualmente progresivo que con frecuencia comienza como disfunción sistólica ventricular izquierda y culmina con manifestaciones clínicas diversas de fallo de bomba y bajo gasto cardiaco hasta la muerte. Objetivo: Caracterizar los factores de riesgo que están asociados al desarrollo de disfunción sistólica ventricular izquierda y falla cardiaca secundaria como parte del espectro del síndrome de falla cardiaca en la población de Barranquilla-Colombia. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal con fuente secundaria de un estudio de salud global en la ciudad de Barranquilla-Colombia, en el que se hizo análisis univariado y bivariado para describir factores de riesgo asociados a la disfunción sistólica ventricular izquierda. Resultados: Se obtuvieron las prevalencias de cuatro factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de disfunción sistólica ventricular izquierda: hipertensión arterial 29.7%, obesidad 26.5%, hiperglucemia 4.6%, hipercolesterolemia 8.2% en pacientes mayores de 40 años los cuales tienen mayor riesgo. Discusión: Este estudio buscó llamar la atención sobre la disfunción sistólica ventricular izquierda, como una condición de descripción relativamente reciente y de potencial impacto en la salud de las poblaciones y los recursos de los sistemas de salud. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de los factores de riesgo para este estado pre-clínico podría llegar a ser alta y estos pacientes ameritarían, según recomendación de cierta evidencia, tamización para disfunción sistólica ventricular izquierda, así como estudios adicionales son requeridos.

Cómo citar este artículo: Giraldo YM, Muñoz F, Navarro E, Segura ÁM. Factores de riesgo para disfunción sistólica ventricular izquierda en adultos de un programa de salud global. Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(1): 1519-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i1.371
Application of mendelian randomization: can we establish causal risk factors for type 2 diabetes in low-to-middle income countries?
Authors: Langdon Ryan James Quentin , Wade Kaitlin Hazel
Published: January 2017

The global burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing, partially facilitated by a sharp increase in the disease in low and middle income countries (LMICs). LMICs not only show a high prevalence of T2D (8.7%), but have shown a much faster increase in this prevalence over the past 30 years when compared to high-income countries (HICs). Conventional risk factors for T2D in HICs, such as high body mass index (BMI), low levels of physical activity, and poor dietary behaviours, do not fully account for the greater increase in prevalence of T2D in LMICs. Therefore, risk factors for T2D specifically within an LMIC context need to be determined. 

How to cite this article: Langdon RJQ, Wade KH. Application of Mendelian randomization: can we establish causal risk factors for type 2 diabetes in low-to-middle income countries? Rev Cuid. 2017; 8(1): 1391-406. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i1.373
Young engineers' events
Authors: Tudor Sam
Published: January 2017

There were two events for young engineers at the International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD) Annual Meeting in 2016: Young Engineers' Forum annual meeting and the Young Engineers' Forum social event. ICOLD's Young Engineers' Forum events are open to engineers under the age of 40 years and there is often a good turnout with generally growing numbers each year since its inception in 2008.
The engineering behaviour of enzymatic lime stabilised soils
Authors: Eujine Greeshma Nizy , Chandrakaran Sreedharan , Sankar Natesan
Published: January 2017

Extensive studies were conducted to understand the behaviour of enzymatic lime stabilised soils for highways, haul roads and other civil engineering applications by curing them for periods up to 12 weeks. The parameters tested were consistency limits, unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio. These properties were measured after 1, 2, 3, 4, 8 and 12 weeks of curing. The results obtained were compared with those for lime stabilised and enzyme stabilised soils cured under similar conditions and it was inferred that enzymatic lime was a far more efficient soil stabiliser than lime and enzyme. The catalytic action of enzymes in the presence of lime brought a significant reduction to the required curing period, in addition to a higher strength improvement. The same was noted in the behaviour of all tested parameters. Based on the data obtained, a representation of a possible mechanism is presented in the paper. The proposed system is durable and economical and aims to alleviate common problems in roadways. Moreover, the biodegradable nature of the enzyme marks this new soft soil stabilisation technique as environmentally friendly and sustainable.
Miss Tacuarembó (Martín Sastre, 2010): pensamiento barroco para cuestionar la sociedad que nos crió
Authors: Rodríguez Riva Lucía
Published: January 2017

Miss Tacuarembó, co-producción uruguaya-argentina estrenada en 2010, propone una historia familiar para los públicos latinoamericanos: una chica de pueblo quiere triunfar en la gran ciudad. Su puesta en escena, sin embargo, se construye a partir de mecanismos barrocos que apuntan directamente a las instituciones religiosa, familiar y del espectáculo desde una sensibilidad camp, potenciando la capacidad lúdica de los formatos de los cuales se nutre y reelabora, como el videoclip y el reality show. De este modo, construye un espectador que puede identificarse con los protagonistas y al mismo tiempo comprender las operaciones y contradicciones que los constituyeron como sujetos, lo cual implica sin duda una mirada política sobre las nociones de consumo y cultura popular.
Formación de la agenda pública sobre temas experienciales en Santiago de Cuba durante el año 2015
Authors: Muñiz Zúñiga Viviana , Fonseca Valido Rafael , Caballero Heredia Dairon
Published: January 2017

La presente investigación está basada en una metodología convergente. Tiene como referente teórico los postulados de la Agenda Setting y explica la influencia de las condiciones contingentes en el proceso de formación de la agenda pública sobre temas experienciales en Santiago de Cuba, durante los meses de enero a abril de 2015. En la provincia, es el primer estudio de caso único global que se realiza desde esta perspectiva. La investigación confirma la necesidad de retornar al sujeto en el campo de los estudios sobre Agenda Setting, pues se ha demostrado que la agenda pública en la provincia está compuesta principalmente por temas experienciales y que su formación depende del sujeto, de sus necesidades e intereses como manifestación de su personalidad.
Tensiones para un giro decolonial en el pensamiento comunicológico. Abriendo la discusión
Authors: Karam Tanius
Published: January 2017

En este trabajo realizamos un ejercicio para problematizar las relaciones entre los estudios decoloniales (ED) y los estudios de comunicación (EC). Para ello desarrollamos los siguientes ejercicios explicativos: analizamos la necesidad de problematizar sobre el sentido de la expresión “corrientes críticas en comunicación”; enlistamos algunos debates donde se resumen las diferencias entre los ED y los estudios culturales en comunicación; finalmente acudimos a cuestionar la epistemología de la comunicación como un modo de interpelar no sólo las preguntas que algunas de la narrativas o tradiciones de la comunicación han realizado, sino la forma y la consecuencia a dicha respuesta.
Las estrategias de mercado de Esporte Interativo: regionalización y capital extranjero en la televisión brasileña
Authors: Gomes dos Santos Anderson David , Siqueira Bolaño César Ricardo
Published: January 2017

El interés de este artículo es abordar dos movimientos de mercado del grupo Esporte Interativo en la TV de pago brasileña: la regionalización, a partir de la transmisión del “Nordestão” y la relación con grandes grupos globales, en especial su adquisición por parte de Turner. Ambos ocurridos en la misma época, hicieron que Esporte Interativo pasara a ser uno de los principales canales deportivos, más allá de que no formara parte de las operadoras Net y Sky, debido a las barreras de entrada por parte del Grupo Globo. Aunque el estudio se encuadre, en términos generales, en la Economía Política de la Comunicación (EPC), utilizaremos, como es habitual en la EPC brasileña (Bolaño, 1988 & 2004; Brittos, 2005; Santos, 2013), autores de la Economía Industrial, como Kupfer (2002).
Hacia un periodismo intercultural desoccidentalizado. Medios de comunicación y construcción de identidades
Authors: Inzunza Moraga Alex , Browne Rodrigo
Published: January 2017

Este artículo pretende reflexionar sobre los procesos comunicativos mediados que se dan entre diferentes culturas para poder entenderlas desde una perspectiva intercultural. Los medios de comunicación, de la mano de los procesos globalizadores y desde una cosmovisión occidental, se han convertido en uno de los principales agentes de construcción social de realidad. El propósito es desarrollar algunos planteamientos teóricos que discutan sobre el cómo se difunde un acontecimiento noticioso marcado por una carga institucional proveniente de la construcción de una identidad cultural esencial y occidentalizada. Atendiendo, con esto, hacia un periodismo intercultural desoccidentalizado que permita crear e inculcar formas de concebir las noticias publicadas sobre la “diferencia cultural” desde un punto de vista mucho más dialógico y heterogéneo.