bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adenocarcinoma arising from widespread heterotopic gastric mucosa in the cervicothoracic esophagus: a case report
Authors: Nogi Shohei , Noma Kazuhiro , Hashimoto Masashi , Kato Takuya , Maeda Naoaki , Tanabe Shunsuke , Shirakawa Yasuhiro , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi
Published: July 2023

Background

In Japan, about 6% of esophageal cancers are adenocarcinomas, although most of them arise from Barrett’s epithelium. Adenocarcinoma arising from heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) is very rare. Due to its rarity, there is no unified view on its treatment strategy and prognosis.

Case presentation

A 57-year-old man presented with a protruding lesion in the cervicothoracic esophagus that was detected by an upper gastrointestinal series at a medical checkup. Esophagoscopy revealed a 30 mm Type 1 tumor circumferentially surrounded by widespread HGM. Computed tomography (CT) and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT showed no metastasis or invasion of the surrounding organs. We diagnosed the lesion as cT2N0M0 cStageIIB [Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) 8th Ed] cancer and performed subtotal esophagectomy with three-field lymph node dissection. The tumor was determined to be a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma arising from HGM, with deep invasion of the submucosa. The patient underwent no adjuvant therapy and has currently survived without any evidence of recurrence for 15 months.

Conclusions

Although the treatment for adenocarcinoma arising from HGM is basically the same as that for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the esophagus, it is important to determine the treatment strategy based on the characteristics of the adenocarcinoma arising from HGM.
Oral challenge vs routine care to assess low-risk penicillin allergy in critically ill hospital patients (ORACLE): a pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Rose Morgan , Holmes Natasha , Eastwood Glenn , Vogrin Sara , James Fiona , Phung Michelle , Barnes Sara , Murfin Brendan , Rogers Ben , Lambros Belinda , Peel Trisha , Gibney Grace , Slavin Monica , Trubiano Jason
Published: July 2023

Background

Self-reported penicillin allergies are highly prevalent in hospitalised patients and are associated with poor health and health service outcomes. Critically ill patients have historically been underrepresented in prospective delabelling studies in part due to concerns around clinical stability and reliability of penicillin skin testing. Allergy assessment tools exist to identify low-risk penicillin allergy phenotypes and facilitate direct oral challenge delabelling. PEN-FAST is a clinical decision rule that has been validated to predict true penicillin allergy in a cohort of non-critically ill patients. There is however limited evidence regarding the feasibility, safety and efficacy of direct oral challenges and the use of delabelling clinical decisions rules in the intensive care setting.

Methods

Critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) with low-risk penicillin allergy phenotypes (PEN-FAST score < 3) will be randomised 1:1 to direct oral penicillin challenge (single dose 250 mg oral amoxicillin or implicated penicillin) or routine care, followed by a 2-h observation period. Patients will receive a second oral challenge/observation prior to hospital discharge (with subsequent observation for 2 h). An assessment for antibiotic-associated adverse events will also be undertaken at 24 h and 5 days post each challenge/observation and again at 90 days post-randomisation. The primary outcome measures are feasibility (proportion of eligible patients recruited and protocol compliance) and safety (proportion of patients who experience an antibiotic-associated immune-mediated adverse event or serious adverse event).

Discussion

We will report the feasibility and safety of point-of-care penicillin direct oral challenge in this first randomised controlled trial of low-risk penicillin allergy in critically ill hospitalised patients. Upon completion of the project, important findings will inform the design of planned large prospective multi-centre clinical trials in Australian and international ICUs, further examining safety and efficacy and exploring antimicrobial prescribing-related outcomes following penicillin oral challenge.

Trial registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry

Registration Number: ACTRN12621000051842

Date registered: 20/01/2021

https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=379735&isReview=true
Biological correlates of the neuropsychiatric symptoms in SARS-CoV-2 infection: an updated review
Authors: Mannekote Thippaiah Srinagesh , Amanullah Shabbir , Huang Zi Huai , Goldschmidt Edward , Pradhan Basant
Published: July 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) appeared in early 2019 and swiftly became a pandemic causing extensive morbidity and mortality. Many studies have recognized the neuropathological changes in the brain and hypothesized the possible link with cognitive dysfunction, neuropsychiatric symptoms and behavioral disturbances. Potential biological mechanisms may include direct neuronal micro-invasion, disturbances in the neuro-immuno-endocrine system and possibly alteration of neuronal excitability. SARS-CoV-2 facilitates down-regulation of the ACE2 (Angiotensin-2) receptors which could alter inflammatory response through various cellular and neurophysiological systems leading to disturbance in the hypo-thalamopituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, escalation of the oxidative stress and disruption of the homeostasis of the neurotransmitter system, including serotonin, dopamine and GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), eventually resulting in the emergence of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Psychiatric symptoms that emerged are many, some of which may be unique to SARS-CoV-2 infection. These neuropsychiatric symptoms are acute or chronic with possibly distinct etiopathogenesis. This article discusses the possible biological correlates and neurobiology of the psychiatric symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 and their impact on the brain and behavior.
Financial management practices in Islamic donation-based crowdfunding (DCF) platforms in Malaysia
Authors: Kamaruddin Muhammad Iqmal Hisham , Muhamed Nurul Aini , Radzi Rafisah Mat , Nazarie Wan Nur Fazni Wan Mohamad , Kamarubahrin Aimi Fadzirul
Published: July 2023

This study aims to explore current financial management practices covering governance and financial operation aspects in Islamic donation-based crowdfunding (DCF) in Malaysia. A series of interviews with six Islamic DCF platforms in Malaysia were conducted. For reporting purposes, this study employed a single-case study approach. The interview was conducted and completed at the end of August 2022 via an online approach through Google Meet. The findings highlight the governance background in terms of legal establishment as well as monitoring the function of Islamic DCFs in Malaysia. In addition, for financial operation, several findings related to the funding management process model, income generation, financial sustainability and financial disclosure of Islamic DCFs in Malaysia were discussed. This study is among the pioneer studies that explore financial management practices in Islamic DCF platforms in Malaysia. The study findings and recommendations are useful for Islamic DCF platforms as well as related parties like regulators, funders, potential project managers and the public in general to understand financial management practices in Islamic DCF platforms in Malaysia.
Nitrous Oxide Use in Australian Health Care: Strategies to Reduce the Climate Impact
Authors: Liu Yigang , Lee-Archer Paul , Sheridan Nicole M. , Seglenieks Richard , McGain Forbes , Eley Victoria A.
Published: July 2023

Nitrous oxide is a useful inhaled analgesic. Due to its high global warming potential and ozone-depleting properties, the nitrous oxide emissions related to health care are being increasingly scrutinized. In this narrative review, we will discuss the clinical uses of nitrous oxide relevant to anesthetists, in addition to its contribution as a greenhouse gas. Using available data from Australia, we will explore potential strategies for reducing the impact of those emissions, which are likely to be applicable in other countries. These include destruction of captured nitrous oxide, minimizing nitrous oxide waste and reducing clinical use. Anesthesia clinicians are well placed to raise awareness with colleagues and consumers regarding the environmental impact of nitrous oxide and to promote cleaner alternatives. Reducing use is likely to be the most promising reduction strategy without large-scale changes to infrastructure and subsequent delay in action.
Levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the soil around typical automobile repair workshops in Nigeria
Authors: Adesina Olusola Adedayo , Fakayode Oluwatomi Atinuke , Lala Mayowa Adeoye , Adewale Abiodun John , Sonibare Jacob Ademola
Published: July 2023

Background: This study determined the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil around typical automobile repair workshops in Nigeria. Risk assessment associated with human contact with the soil was carried out using hazard quotient (HQ) and incremental life cancer risk (ILCR) from human unconscious ingestion and dermal contact with the soil.

Methods: Soil samples were obtained at different automobile workshops in Ado-Ekiti, Western Nigeria. The PAHS in the samples were extracted using dichloromethane and extracts were cleaned up silica gel open column chromatography. Analysis of PAHs in the soil was done using a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass selective detector operated on electron ionization mode.

Results: The results showed the mean PAHs concentration at the sampling locations ranged from 5.58 – 6.4 μg/g   and the mean ∑ carcinogenic PAHs was 58.4 μg/g , equivalent to 59.39 % of total PAHs observed. The mean Toxicity equivalence (TEQs) ranged from 0.02 - 6.680 μg/g . Benzo (a) pyrene and dibenzo(a,h)anthracene have the highest toxicity equivalent. The total ILCRs from accidental ingestion and dermal contact in adults were 1 ×10^(-3) and 9.8 ×10^(-5) , for adults and children respectively; both are higher than the permissible limit stipulated by the World Health Organization. The HQs obtained are several folds higher than 1. This implies high carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks for children and adults.

Conclusions: The study revealed the levels of PAHs and risks associated with human contact with the soil around automobile repair workshop.
Evidence-based policy lifecycle management: The H2020 DECIDO experience
Authors: Filograna Antonio , Perossini Fabio , Prette Davide
Published: July 2023

Public administrations are an integral part of every state, and are currently changing to gradually improve weak policies in emergency management. Policies addressing emergencies such as floods, poverty and Ukrainian refugees are current issues in most European countries. Citizen engagement methodologies, data and digital technologies support this endeavour, yet the opportunities they offer are not still fully exploited in Europe. Furthermore, citizen perception of those policies could be more synchronised. This paper aims to introduce the results achieved in DECIDO project, related to the creation of more evidence-based policies exploiting the power of disruptive technologies, the data analysis and the digital services provided by the European Open Science Cloud. The evidence-based comes from two source of data: the open data and the information collected in the discussion during the co-creation sessions organised with stakeholders (in particular, experience undertaken in the city of Turin, including the outcome of qualitative interviews with public administration experts). Key findings are discussed in detail concluding with a public administration needs ecosystem, mapping the needs, and uncovering similarities to support the replication of practices and procedures in different policymaking settings
Planned vs. Actual Attention
Authors: Avoyan Ala , Ribeiro Mauricio , Schotter Andrew , Schotter Elizabeth R. , Vaziri Mehrdad , Zou Minghao
Published: July 2023

People often need to plan how to allocate their attention across different tasks. In this paper, we run two experiments to study a stylized version of this attention-allocation problem between strategic tasks. More specifically, we present subjects with pairs of 2 × 2 games, and for each pair, we give them 10 seconds to decide how they would split a fixed time budget between the two games. Then, subjects play both games without time constraints, and we use eye-tracking to estimate the fraction of time they spend on each game. We find that subjects’ planned and actual attention allocation differ and identify the determinants of this mismatch. Further, we argue that misallocations can be relevant in games in which a player’s strategy choice is sensitive to the time taken to reach a decision.

This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

Funding: Work on this project was provided by the National Science Foundation [Grant SES 1724550] “Collaborative Research: Attention in Games and Decisions,” awarded to A. Schotter and E. R. Schotter. The work of M. Ribeiro and M. Zou was supported by the Center for Experimental Economics Social Science at New York University.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4834 .
Influence of erbium doping on the femtosecond laser damage characteristics of fluorozirconate glasses
Authors: Yang Fan , Xie Peipei , Yao Yan , Xu Lulu , Wang Shunbin , Dai Shixun , Zhang Peiqing , Wang Pengfei
Published: July 2023

In this study, we systematically investigated femtosecond laser-induced
damage characteristics of ZHBLAN
(27ZrF4–25HfF4–10BaF2–5SrF2–5CaF2–4LaF3–14AlF3–10NaF),
and the impact of Er3+ doping on the optical
characteristics and damage characteristics of the matrix material. The
glasses were subjected to a comparative analysis with respect to
typical ZBLAN glasses. The sizes and morphology of damaged craters
changed with the power of the 800 nm femtosecond laser. The
samples were analyzed using digital and scanning electron microscopes,
and their femtosecond laser-induced damage thresholds (LIDTs) were
calculated by linear regression. The LIDTs decreased obviously from
612 mJ/cm2 to 532 mJ/cm2 after
Er3+ was doped into the ZHBLAN glass. This is
related to the absorption of Er3+ near the
wavelength of the femtosecond laser and the change in the bandgap
structure of the glass due to Er3+ doping. In
addition, we have analyzed the electron convergence rate within the
material during laser irradiation. The combination of physical models
and simulation results reveals the association between the ionization
rate of optical materials and the laser damage threshold.
Malaria diagnosis in rural healthcare facilities and treatment-seeking behavior in malaria endemic settings in western Kenya
Authors: Omondi Collince J. , Odongo David , Otambo Wilfred O. , Ochwedo Kevin O. , Otieno Antony , Lee Ming-Chieh , Kazura James W. , Githeko Andrew K. , Yan Guiyun
Published: July 2023

Accurate malaria diagnosis and timely treatment are requirements for effective management of the disease. However, treatment efficacy may be significantly reduced in resource-constrained healthcare facilities with poorly equipped laboratories and frequent drug and rapid diagnostic test kit (RDT) stock-outs. Furthermore, patient may avoid seeking treatment from such facilities. The study’s goal was to determine treatment-seeking behavior, malaria diagnosis and treatment quality, and likely treatment-seeking determinants in the local population. Passive case detection, which targeted all patients with suspected malaria cases, was conducted in ten public healthcare facilities over a three-month period. Monthly malaria cases, methods of diagnosis and antimalarial drug availability were assessed. A household-based survey was also carried out. Structured questionnaires were used to collect knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) data from household heads. Malaria knowledge, treatment seeking behavior, and predictors of malaria treatment-seeking were all determined. Three of the seven dispensaries lacked a laboratory to conduct microscopy- diagnosis. These three dispensaries also experienced frequent RDT stock-outs, which resulted in depending on clinical signs as diagnosis for malaria. The majority of local residents with fever (50.3%) purchased antimalarial drugs from a chemist. About 37% of fever patients sought treatment at healthcare facility while the remaining 12.7% did not treat their fevers. In irrigated areas, 45.5% (46/64) of fever patients sought treatment at healthcare facilities, compared to 25% (18/64) in non-irrigated areas (p = 0.009). Most children aged below 5 who had fever (77.7%) were taken to healthcare facility for treatment compared to 31.4% of children aged 5–14 years or 20.9% of adults (0.0001). Predictors of treatment seeking included access to healthcare facility (OR = 16.23, 95% CI: 2.74–96.12), and ability to pay hospital bills (OR = 10.6, 95% CI: 1.97–57). Other factors that influenced health-seeking behavior included the severity of symptoms, the age of the patient and knowledge of malaria symptoms.
Perturbed neurochemical and microstructural organization in a mouse model of prenatal opioid exposure: A multi-modal magnetic resonance study
Authors: Shahid Syed Salman , Grecco Gregory G. , Atwood Brady K. , Wu Yu-Chien
Published: July 2023

Methadone-based treatment for pregnant women with opioid use disorder is quite prevalent in the clinical environment. A number of clinical and animal model-based studies have reported cognitive deficits in infants prenatally exposed to methadone-based opioid treatments. However, the long-term impact of prenatal opioid exposure (POE) on pathophysiological mechanisms that govern neurodevelopmental impairment is not well understood. Using a translationally relevant mouse model of prenatal methadone exposure (PME), the aim of this study is to investigate the role of cerebral biochemistry and its possible association with regional microstructural organization in PME offspring. To understand these effects, 8-week-old male offspring with PME (n = 7) and prenatal saline exposure (PSE) (n = 7) were scanned in vivo on 9.4 Tesla small animal scanner. Single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was performed in the right dorsal striatum (RDS) region using a short echo time (TE) Stimulated Echo Acquisition Method (STEAM) sequence. Neurometabolite spectra from the RDS was first corrected for tissue T1 relaxation and then absolute quantification was performed using the unsuppressed water spectra. High-resolution in vivo diffusion MRI (dMRI) for region of interest (ROI) based microstructural quantification was also performed using a multi-shell dMRI sequence. Cerebral microstructure was characterized using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and Bingham-neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (Bingham-NODDI). MRS results in the RDS showed significant decrease in N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), taurine (tau), glutathione (GSH), total creatine (tCr) and glutamate (Glu) concentration levels in PME, compared to PSE group. In the same RDS region, mean orientation dispersion index (ODI) and intracellular volume fraction (VFIC) demonstrated positive associations with tCr in PME group. ODI also exhibited significant positive association with Glu levels in PME offspring. Significant reduction in major neurotransmitter metabolites and energy metabolism along with strong association between the neurometabolites and perturbed regional microstructural complexity suggest a possible impaired neuroadaptation trajectory in PME offspring which could be persistent even into late adolescence and early adulthood.
Hivatás vagy kényszer?
Authors: Szabó Éva , Fehérváry Gabriella
Published: July 2023

A tanári pálya iránti elköteleződés fontos szerepet játszik a sikeres munkavégzésben és a kiégés megelőzésében is. Kutatásunkban azokat a tényezőket kívántuk feltárni, amelyek szerepet játszanak abban, hogy a pedagógusok az egyre nehezedő munkafeltételek mellett is a tanári pályán maradjanak. Kvalitatív és kvantitatív módszertanra épülő kérdőíves kutatásunkban 149 pedagógus vett részt. A tanári pályán maradás tényezőit szabad válaszadásra alkalmat adó nyitott kérdéssel vizsgáltuk, a kiégést a Jagodics és Szabó (2014) által kifejlesztett kérdőívvel mértük. A pálya iránti elköteleződést és a pályaelhagyási gondolatokat egy-egy itemmel vizsgáltuk. Az AGA (Szalay és Brent, 1967) módszerrel végzett tartalomelemzés szerint a legnagyobb súlyú pályán tartó erő a munka pszichológiai jutalma és a gyermekek szeretete. A belső motivációs tényezőknek nagyobb szerepe van, mint a külső erőknek, mint a kényszer vagy a munkavégzéssel kapcsolatos „körülményelőny”. A kiégés jeleit erősebben mutató pedagógusoknál azonban ezek a külső tényezők nagyobb szerepet játszanak a pályán maradásban, mint a nem kiégett kollégáik esetében. Eredményeink alátámasztották, hogy a pedagóguspálya legfőbb vonzereje a gyerekekkel való foglalkozás szeretete mellett a kreativitást kívánó szabad munkavégzésben van, aminek tartós hiánya vagy erősen korlátozott volta hozzájárulhat a pályaelhagyáshoz.
A fenntarthatóság tétova szószólói : Mit és hogyan kommunikálnak az üzleti iskolák a fenntarthatósággal kapcsolatban?
Authors: Csillag Sára , Király Gábor , Rakovics Márton , Géring Zsuzsanna
Published: July 2023

A jelenlegi és jövőbeli gazdasági vezetők lehetnek az egyik legfontosabb szereplői a fenntartható gazdaság és társadalom felé való átmenet elindításának és irányításának. A felsőoktatási intézmények, különösen az üzleti képzéssel foglalkozó intézmények feladata, hogy felkészítsék őket erre a szerepre. A szerzők írásukban a nemzetközi TOP100 üzleti képzőhely (business school) külső online kommunikációjának vizsgálatán keresztül térképezik fel, hogy az üzleti iskolák hogyan keretezik a fenntarthatóság kérdését a valószínű és lehetséges jövővel kapcsolatban. Eredményeik tükrében az látszik, hogy ezen intézmények közel fele nem foglalkozik a fenntarthatósággal az oktatással kapcsolatos online kommunikációjában, míg a másik fele szinte kizárólag annak gazdasági dimenzióját hangsúlyozza. Kevés bizonyítékot találtak arra, hogy az üzleti képzőhelyek megpróbálnának eltérni a status quo-tól, inkább az látszik az eredményekből, hogy továbbra is a neoliberális világképet erősítik, és a fenntarthatóság csak azon aspektusait építik be, amelyek összeegyeztethetők ezzel a szemlélettel.
Tension-free thyroidectomy (TFT, medial thyroidectomy) — a prospective study: surgical technique and results of 259 operations
Authors: Sleptsov I. V. , Chernikov R. A. , Pushkaruk A. A. , Sablin I. V. , Tilloev T. A. , Timofeeva N. I. , Gerasimova K. A. , Buzanakov D. М. , Shikhmagomedov Sh. Sh. , Alekseeva S. A. , Bubnov A. N. , Osokina Ya. A. , Liubimov M. V.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: One of the most important tasks in thyroid surgery is to prevent the development of specific complications — laryngeal nerve dysfunction and hypoparathyroidism. A significant number of technical solutions introduced into clinical practice in recent years are aimed at solving this problem.

AIM: Тo evaluate the results of an alternative technique of thyroid surgery — medial thyroidectomy.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 270 patients with thyroid diseases were operated on using tension free thyroidectomy technique in the volume of hemi- or thyroidectomy with or without cervical lymphadenectomy. The selection of patients was continuous. All patients underwent ultrasound or videolaryngoscopy before the operation and on the 1st postoperative day. Patients who underwent thyroidectomy underwent blood analysis for parathormone and blood analysis for ionized calcium.

RESULTS: For hemithyroidectomy the duration of surgery did not change. In the group of patients with nodes up to 30 mm the duration of surgery increased. An increase in the operation time was also noted for thyroidectomy. Unilateral laryngeal paresis was registered in 6 (2.3%) patients or 1.7% of the number of recurrent laryngeal nerves in the risk area. The risk of parathyroid gland (PTG) removal was 0.39% of the number of operations and 0.14% of the number of PTG in the risk area. Decrease in the level of parathormone in the first day after surgery was noted in 11.5% of patients. The development of postoperative hematoma was noted in 1 patient (0.39%).

CONCLUSION: The technique of thyroid surgery with medial access to the recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands is feasible in the vast majority of patients with thyroid diseases requiring surgical treatment and shows high safety and a number of advantages over the traditional method of thyroid surgery.
Aggregated data from the same laboratories participating in two glucose external quality assessment schemes show that commutability and transfers of values to control materials are decisive for the biases found
Authors: Gidske Gro , Sandberg Sverre , Fauskanger Pernille , Pelanti Jonna , Tollånes Mette C. , Solsvik Anne E. , Sølvik Una Ø. , Vie Wenche S. , Stavelin Anne
Published: July 2023

Objectives

We report the results of glucose measurements performed during one year by the same measurement procedures (MPs) in 58 Norwegian hospital laboratories using control materials provided by external quality assessment (EQA) schemes from two different providers. The providers used materials with presumed vs. verified commutability and transfers of values using reference material vs. using a highest-order reference MP.

Methods

Data from six Labquality and three Noklus glucose EQA surveys were aggregated for each MP (Abbott Alinity, Abbott Architect, Roche Cobas, and Siemens Advia) in each scheme. For each EQA result, percent difference from target value (% bias) was calculated. Median percent bias for each MP per scheme was then calculated.

Results

The median % biases observed for each MP in the Labquality scheme were significantly larger than those in the Noklus scheme, which uses verified commutable control materials and highest-order reference MP target values. The difference ranged from 1.2 (Roche Cobas, 2.9 vs. 1.7 %) to 4.4 percentage points (Siemens Advia, 3.2 % vs. −1.2 %). The order of bias size for the various MPs was different in the two schemes. In contrast to the Labquality scheme, the median % biases observed in the Noklus scheme for Abbott Alinity (−0.1 %), Abbott Architect (−0.5 %), and Siemens Advia (−1.2 %) were not significantly different from target value (p>0.756).

Conclusions

This study underlines the importance of using verified commutable EQA materials and target values traceable to reference MPs in EQA schemes designed for assessment of metrological traceability of laboratory results.
New Inscribed Bricks of Takil-ilissu, King of Malgûm
Authors: Al-Hussainy Abbas , Jawdat Jacob , Marchesi Gianni
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we publish some remarkable brick inscriptions of Takil-ilissu, king of Malgûm, which were recently found during a survey that led to the identification of Malgûm, the capital of an independent kingdom in the Isin-Larsa period. The bricks come from Tulūl al-Fāj, the site that has been identified as ancient Malgûm. Besides adding new details about Takil-ilissu, a relatively little-known ruler, these inscriptions are noteworthy for containing unusual words, expressions, and clauses.
The impact of digitalisation on the development of e-learning
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Sitnicki Maksym W. , Horbas Iryna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Derkach Oksana ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine, Rozbeiko Kyrylo ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2023

This paper presents an overview of the latest developments in electronic learning and teaching methods and tools brought about by digital transformations aimed at making education more efficient and effective. A set of general and specific research methods was used to conduct the study, in particular bibliographical and descriptive, chronological, specification, analysis, systematisation and classification, observation, survey and expert interviews, abstraction, analogy and comparison, comparative, modelling, forecasting and argumentation, and logical generalisation. The authors describe their approach to structural organisation of the novel e-learning ecosystem and single out its key components, including technology, learning contexts, and learning outcomes, as well as a set of secondary external factors that determine the quality and effectiveness of education when digitalised. This paper explores characteristics and features of e-learning such as customisation, autonomy, and interactivity with a focus on micro-learning, and presents the findings of an analysis of the most popular open educational resources (OERs), massive open online courses (MOOCs), and online learning platforms, highlighting their major advantages and disadvantages.
Do Polish tourists want wellbeing tourism? Preferences for wellbeing tourism versus the psychological wellbeing of individuals
Authors:   University of Gdańsk, Poland, Młynkowiak-Stawarz Anna
Published: July 2023

This paper is part of a study on the impact of tourism experiences on the psychological wellbeing of individuals. Integrating the approach of positive psychology and research on tourists’ behaviour within the field of marketing, Caroll Ryff's concept of psychological wellbeing and the concept of wellbeing tourism were used for this purpose. The aim of the research was to investigate differences in the level of perceived psychological wellbeing by tourists preferring different types of wellbeing tourism, and the article presents theoretical and practical premises for defining wellbeing tourism. Wellbeing tourism can be defined as a specific type of tourism based on six pillars that ensure a sustainable approach to travel and leisure - simultaneous care for the body, soul, and mind of the tourist, as well as the environment, society, and economy of the destination area. Through analysis of variance, it was found that these differences are significant for those preferring natural and cultural wellbeing tourism, and they are also influenced by the perception of one's financial situation. Applying the results of the study will enable tourism enterprises to design an offer for tourists that will increase their sense of psychological wellbeing.
Life without Lead
Authors: Renfrew Daniel
Published: July 2023

Drawing on political ecology and science studies perspectives, Life without Lead examines the social, political, and environmental dimensions of a devastating lead-poisoning epidemic. Lead became Uruguay’s first mass contamination event, affecting tens of thousands of children in neighborhoods across the capital, Montevideo, and other cities. Carrying along a deep sense of urgency, the discovery and unfolding of lead contamination raised broad-ranging questions about the nature of urban environmental risk, the fraught and changing relationship between citizens and the state, and the transformative social, economic, and political landscape of a country in crisis. The book situates the Uruguayan case in relation to neoliberal reform, globalization, and the resurgence of the political left in Latin America. It traces the rise of an environmental-justice movement; analyzes the politics of culture, place, organized labor, and class; and examines the local and transnational circulation of environmental ideologies and contested biomedical science. Through fine-grained ethnographic analysis, Life without Lead traverses the realms of material reality and experience, disputed claims to “truth,” and the symbolic and power-laden terrain of collective identities, meaning, and action.
‎“Less Is Better” in Separate Evaluations Versus “More Is Better” in Joint Evaluations: Mostly ‎Successful Close Replication and Extension of Hsee (1998)‎
Authors: Vonasch Andrew J. , Hung Wing Yiu , Leung Wai Yee , Nguyen Anna Thao Bich , Chan Stephanie , Cheng Bo Ley , Feldman Gilad
Published: July 2023

We conducted a preregistered close replication and extension of Studies 1, 2, and 4 in Hsee (1998). Hsee found that when evaluating choices jointly, people compare and judge the option higher on desirable attributes as better (“more is better”). However, when people evaluate options separately, they rely on contextual cues and reference points, sometimes resulting in evaluating the option with less as being better (“less is better”). We found support for “less is better” across all studies (N = 403; Study 1 original d = 0.70 [0.24,1.15], replication d = 0.99 [0.72,1.26]; Study 2 original d = 0.74 [0.12,1.35], replication d = 0.32 [0.07,0.56]; Study 4 original d = 0.97 [0.43,1.50], replication d = 0.76 [0.50,1.02]), with weaker support for “more is better” (Study 2 original d = 0.92 [0.42,1.40], replication dz = 0.33 [.23,.43]; Study 4 original d = 0.37 [0.02,0.72], replication dz = 0.09 [-0.05,0.23]). Some results of our exploratory extensions were surprising, leading to open questions. We discuss remaining implications and directions for theory and measurement relating to economic rationality and the evaluability hypothesis. Materials/data/code: https://osf.io/9uwns/
Is “Neutral” Really Neutral? Mid-point Ratings in the Affective Norms English Words (ANEW) May Mask Ambivalence
Authors: Anvari Farid , Bachmann Jacqueline , Sanchez-Burks Jeffrey , Schneider Iris K.
Published: July 2023

The Affective Norms for English Words (ANEW) is a stimulus set that provides researchers with English language words that have been pre-rated on bipolar scales for valence, dominance, and arousal. Researchers rely on these pre-ratings to ensure that the words they select accurately reflect the affective responses these words elicit. Each word has a valence rating reflecting the degree to which people experience the word as positive or negative, with midpoint ratings on this scale presumably reflecting neutrality. However, neutral words tend to vary substantially in arousal, suggesting that not all neutral words are the same. Some researchers account for this by using the bipolar valence ratings in conjunction with the arousal ratings, selecting low-arousal neutral words when neutrality is what they seek. We argue that the varying levels of arousal in neutral words is due to varying levels of ambivalence. However, the idea that midpoint valence ratings for ANEW stimuli may hide varying levels of ambivalence has not yet been examined. This article provides evidence that words in the ANEW that appear neutral actually vary markedly in the levels of ambivalence they elicit and that this is related to their levels of arousal. These findings are relevant for research, past and present, that use the ANEW because ambivalence has different psychological consequences than neutrality, and therefore complicates the ability to draw clear inferences and maintain experimental control.
Super‐resolution microscopy reveals focal organization of ER‐associated Y‐complexes in mitosis
Authors: Gandhimathi Rojapriyadharshini , Pinotsi Dorothea , Köhler Mario , Mansfeld Jörg , Ashiono Caroline , Kleele Tatjana , Pawar Sumit , Kutay Ulrike
Published: July 2023

During mitotic entry of vertebrate cells, nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are rapidly disintegrated. NPC disassembly is initiated by hyperphosphorylation of linker nucleoporins (Nups), which leads to the dissociation of FG repeat Nups and relaxation of the nuclear permeability barrier. However, less is known about disintegration of the huge nuclear and cytoplasmic rings, which are formed by annular assemblies of Y‐complexes that are dissociated from NPCs as intact units. Surprisingly, we observe that Y‐complex Nups display slower dissociation kinetics compared with other Nups during in vitro NPC disassembly, indicating a mechanistic difference in the disintegration of Y‐based rings. Intriguingly, biochemical experiments reveal that a fraction of Y‐complexes remains associated with mitotic ER membranes, supporting recent microscopic observations. Visualization of mitotic Y‐complexes by super‐resolution microscopy demonstrates that they form two classes of higher order assemblies: large clusters at kinetochores and small, focal ER‐associated assemblies. These, however, lack features qualifying them as persisting ring‐shaped subassemblies previously proposed to serve as structural templates for NPC reassembly during mitotic exit, which helps to refine current models of nuclear reassembly.
Automatic Scoring Using Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency Document Frequency and Cosine Similarity
Authors: Yulita Winda , Untoro Meida Cahyo , Praseptiawan Mugi , Ashari Ilham Firman , Afriansyah Aidil , Bin Che Pee Ahmad Naim
Published: July 2023

Purpose: In the learning process, most of the tests to assess learning achievement have been carried out by providing questions in the form of short answers or essay questions. The variety of answers given by students makes a teacher have to focus on reading them. This scoring process is difficult to guarantee quality if done manually. In addition, each class is taught by a different teacher, which can lead to unequal grades obtained by students due to the influence of differences in teacher experience. Therefore the purpose of this study is to develop an assessment of the answers. Automated short answer scoring is designed to automatically grade and evaluate students' answers based on a series of trained answer documents.Methods: This is ‘how’ you did it. Let readers know exactly what you did to reach your results. For example, did you undertake interviews? Did you carry out an experiment in the lab? What tools, methods, protocols or datasets did you use The method used is TF-IDF-DF and Similarity and scoring computation.  Theword weight used is the term Frequency-Inverse Documents Frequency -Document Frequency (TF-IDF-DF) method. The data used is 5 questions with each question answered by 30 students, while the students' answers are assessed by teachers/experts to determine the real score. The study was evaluated by Mean Absolute Error (MAE).Result: The evaluation results obtained Mean Absolute Error (MAE) with a resulting value of 0.123.Value: The word weighting method used is the Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency DocumentFrequency (TF-IDF-DF) which is an improvement over the Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) method. This method is a method of weighting words that will be applied before calculating the similarity of sentences between teachers and students.
Implementando el monolingüismo o el multilingüismo? Política lingüística y Estado-nación en Marruecos a raíz de los nuevos cambios
Authors: Moustaoui Adil
Published: July 2023

Esta comunicación se enmarca dentro del estudio de la política lingüística. Su objetivo es exponer una serie de propuestas relacionadas con modelos de gestión de la diversidad lingüística e identitaria, que podrían aplicarse a Marruecos a raíz de la nueva organización territorial y administrativa. En dicha propuesta haremos énfasis y analizaremos los siguientes conceptos: Estado-nación, nacionalismo, nación, multilingüismo y territorialidad.AbstractThis communication is part of the study of language policy. Its aim is to present a sort of proposals dealing with linguistic diversity and identity management models, which could be applied to Morocco following the new territorial and administrative organization. In this proposal we will emphasize and discuss the following concepts: nation-state, nationalism, nations, multilingualism and territoriality.
Obtaining microcrystalline cellulose from softwood and hardwood pulp
Authors: Laka Marianna , Chernyavskaya Svetlana
Published: July 2023

Conditions for obtaining microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by the thermocatalytic method from hardwood (birch, aspen) and softwood (pine) bleached sulphate pulp have been developed. After thermocatalytic treatment, cellulose polymerization degree has decreased to the so-called levelling-off degree of polymerization (LODP), which, in the case of birch, aspen and pine wood pulp, made up 450, 370 and 250 units, respectively. After grinding the destructed pulp in a ball mill, MCC powder samples were obtained with particles, the major part of which had sizes of 2-20 mm. in terms of physico-chemical indices investigated in this work, the obtained samples conform to the pharmacopoeia requirements. Dispersing the destructed pulp in water medium, at a sufficiently high cellulose concentration (³ 8%), MCC gel samples were prepared, with rheological properties typical for liquid crystalline polymers. The indices of the obtained hardwood and softwood MCC were compared.
Enzyme-based hydrolysis processes for ethanol from lignocellulosic materials: A review
Authors: Taherzadeh Mohammad J. , Karimi Keikhosro
Published: July 2023

This article reviews developments in the technology for ethanol production from lignocellulosic materials by “enzymatic” processes. Several methods of pretreatment of lignocelluloses are discussed, where the crystalline structure of lignocelluloses is opened up, making them more accessible to the cellulase enzymes. The characteristics of these enzymes and important factors in enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose and hemicellulose to cellobiose, glucose, and other sugars are discussed. Different strategies are then described for enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation, including separate enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF), simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), non-isothermal simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (NSSF), simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation (SSCF), and consolidated bioprocessing (CBP). Furthermore, the by-products in ethanol from lignocellulosic materials, wastewater treatment, commercial status, and energy production and integration are reviewed.
Auszeichnung und Aufforderung
Authors: V. Lüde Rolf , Lahnstein Manfred , Auweter-Kurtz Monika , Weber Wolfgang
Published: July 2023

Der vorliegende Band dokumentiert Reden, die anlässlich der Verleihung der Ehrendoktorwürde der Universität Hamburg an Prof. Dr. h. c. Dr. h. c. Manfred Lahnstein gehalten wurden.
CENOZOIC TECTONIC ACTIVITIES IN RED RIVER BASIN AND ANDJACENT AREA
Authors: Phach Phung Van , Chinh Vu Van
Published: July 2023

Using cornbinarion of geomorphologic, topographic, remote sensed images, structural features and tectonophysic analysis we have deterrnined 4 principle tectonic phases in Red River Cenozoic Basin and adjacent area  as follow (in the order from ancient to recent). The first tectonic phase was characterized by east - west extension. It can be remarked in many places of Ninh  Binh  province, in particular within Dong Giao limestone forrnation (T2 a dg), with numerous of large  sub-longitudinal extensional cracks, filled up by calcite up to meters in thickness. The event can be related to  one of the dextral strike slip of Red River fault zone and had participated in the earliest rift - forming process of region. The second tectonic phase had rnainly strike slip nature, with east-west cornpression, that marked as well by  cessation of regional rift - forming process in the region (the unconformity of 32-30 M.y.BP), as by onset of Cenozoic oceanic crust spreding of Eastern Vietnam Sea and by sinistral strike - slip of Red River Fault. The third tectonic phase, with maximum NE - SW compression, has caused some significant thrust activities along coastal zone and has stimulated an inverse uplift - shortening in NW part of Red River Basin in the Early - Midle Miocene, with the unconfornities 15.5 and 5.5 M.y.BP. The most recent tectonic phase that is revealed in study area by very recent NE - SW extensions, that creates  a numerous of narrow valleys of NW - SE orientation and causes a dextral and a sinistral movements of sub-latitudinal and sub-longitudinal accordingly. This extension can be considered as accompany of intensive  extension-subsidence in Red River basin, that contents of 4 km Pliocene - Quaternary sediment in the center.
Hak Tersangka Atas Kejadian Salah Tangkap
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Ambarwati Fanani Sri , Faqihudin Jundullah , Hikmah Putri Silvah Al , Harefa Safaruddin
Published: July 2023

Penangkapan sering dilakukan dengan tidak menerapkan peraturan yang tercantum dalam ketentuan subjektif dan objektif sebagaimana dilihat dalam KUHAP. Tindakan yang tidak patut untuk dilakukan oleh aparat penegak hukum dalam melakukan upaya paksa sering menimbulkan salah tangkap yang menimbulkan kerugian baik secara verbal maupun non verbal sehingga perlu adanya perlindungan hukum yang diberikan oleh negara yang sudah diatur dalam undang-undang bagi tersangka atau terdakwa atas salah tangkap. Perlindungan hukum kepada tersangka atau terdakwa salah tangkap yang disediakan negara dapat kita perhatikan pada pasal 95 sampai pasal 101 KUHAP selanjutnya penjelasan tentang ganti rugi yang diberikan kepada tersangka atau terdakwa yang salah tangkap akibat adanya pelanggaran hak-hak maupun pelanggaran hukum secara administratife. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normati yaitu dengan menganalisis Pasal 95 sampai dengan pasal 101 KUHAP tentang ganti kerugian dan rehabilitasi. Selain menggunakan bahan hukum primer,  bahan hukum sekunder yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah buku-buku dan jurnal-jurnal yang memuat tentang hak tersangka atau terdakwa untuk meminta ganti rugi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa untuk memberikan perlindungan hukum berupa hak ganti rugi dan rehabilitasi terhadap tersangka atau terdakwasalah tangkap diatur dalam Pasal 95 sampai dengan Pasal 101 KUHAP akibat adanya hak-hak maupun pelanggaran hukum secara administratif dan harus ditegakkan keadilannya tanpa adanya alasan yang jelas yang tidak sesuai dengan aturan perundang-undangan.
Degradasi Otoritas KUA sebagai Lembaga Pencatatan Perkawinan Pasca Berlakunya SPTJM dalam Permendagri No. 9 Tahun 2016
Authors: Alifianti Salsa Devi Sisti , Izzah Amelia Nurul , Zudin Muhammad Fhaiz Habib Fhaizin , Gunawan Arfiyanto , Ulya Zakiyatul
Published: July 2023

Pemberlakuan SPTJM atau Surat Pertanggung Jawaban Mutlak kebenaran sebagai suami isteri merupakan hasil dari lahirnya Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri No. 9 Tahun 2016. Peraturan ini dinilai bukan sebagai suatu penyelesaian dalam percepatan pembuatan akta kelahiran bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui problematika akibat lahirnya permendagri No. 9 Tahun 2016 sehingga dapat melemahkan otoritas kewenangan Kantor Urusan Agama (KUA) sebagai lembaga pencatatan pernikahan. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian berdasarkan studi kepustakaan, dengan riset pada Undang-Undang Perkawinan dan Peraturan Menteri Agama serta literatur yang terkait, ditemukan hasil bahwa SPTJM menimbulkan permasalahan krusial, yaitu membuka ruang untuk pernikahan siri, melawan Undang-Undang Perkawinan dan terutama melemahkan otoritas kewenangan  KUA. KUA tidak dapat tidak dapat memproses pencatatan perkawinan dari hasil produk Permendagri berupa Kartu Keluarga bertuliskan “Kawin Belum Tercatat” yang diterbitkan oleh Dinas Pendudukan dan Catatan Sipil. Disisi lain, belum ada trobosan penyelesaian yang diupayakan oleh pembuat kebijakan, setelah mengkaji dalam Undang-Undang Peradilan Agama ternyata memberikan penyelesaian melalui Isbat Nikah.