bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infantile Eosinophilic Pustular Folliculitis: A Case Report
Authors: Saylam Kurtipek Gulcan , Zekey Emre , Tuncez Akyurek Fatma , Demirbas Abdullah , Harmankaya İsmail
Published: April 2021

Background

Infantile eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (I‐EPF) is a rare disease characterized by pruritic vesicles and sterile pustules on the erythematous surface of the scalp and facial localization, usually seen in the neonatal period. It is essential to show the presence of dense eosinophils in the diagnosis of pustules. Histopathological examination of the hair follicles by eosinophils infiltration is determined.

Aim

Here, we reported a 5‐month‐old baby boy diagnosed infantile eosinophilic pustular folliculitis.

Patient

A 5‐month‐old baby boy was consulted to our polyclinic by his family because of pustules on the scalp, face, and neck developing in two week after birth. In dermatological examination, the pustular lesions of 1‐2 mm in diameter on the scalp, face, and neck on an erythematous background were determined.

Results

There was no growth in the culture taken from the pustule. In the laboratory tests of the patient; upon detection of eosinophilia in the hemogram. The eosinophil count at the patient's first admission was 1.48 K/μl. (0.05 0.50). Eosinophil count was 0.02 K/μl after treatment. It was decreased. The patient was evaluated for other pustular dermatoses. In the differential diagnosis of the patient; causing bacterial/non‐bacterial pustulosis were included. Bacterial culture was negative.

Conclusion

Eosinophilic folliculitis defines as a group of papulopustular diseases with unknown etiology characterized histologically by eosinophilic infiltrates. First, Ofuji reported a female patient with recurrent follicular pustules and peripheral eosinophilia as a variant of folliculitis in 1965. Its etiopathogenesis is not clearly known. In the differential diagnosis of EPF includes the other pustular lesions of the newborn such as erythematoxicum neonatarum, transient neonatal pustular dermatosis, infantile acropustulosis, scabies, dermatophytosis, and langerhans cell histiocytosis. Treatment options includes topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors, antihistamines, systemic antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory agents, and dapson.
Expression of tissue factor and thrombomodulin in the placentas of pregnancies affected by early‐onset and late‐onset preeclampsia
Authors: Ayala‐Ramírez Paola , Gámez Tatiana , Castro‐Pontón Derna L. , Silva Jaime , García‐Robles Reggie , Olaya‐C Mercedes
Published: April 2021

Aim

To analyze the differential genetic expression and protein localization of thrombomodulin (THBD) and tissue factor (F3) in the placentas of pregnancies affected by preeclampsia.

Methods

We assessed the expression of THBD and F3 by immunohistochemistry and real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in placentas from 20 PE cases: 10 early‐onset PE placentas, 10 late‐onset PE placentas, and 10 control cases (normal pregnancies).

Results

In cases, we found higher THBD and F3 RNA levels in placental tissue. Protein expression in controls differed from that in late‐onset PE placentas, which had lower THBD levels in syncytiotrophoblasts and amniotic cells. Likewise, late‐onset PE placentas exhibited comparatively lower F3 expression in the perivillous fibrin. In contrast, early‐onset PE had high F3 expression in the subdecidual fibrin. We found no significant differences in the F3/THBD ratio between the groups.

Conclusion

Our study supports evidence that shows the involvement of F3 and THBD in placental disorders. Furthermore, this finding contributes to a better understanding of the physio‐pathological role that these molecules may play in the development of this heterogeneous disease.
Penalty method for portfolio selection with capital gains tax
Authors: Bian Baojun , Chen Xinfu , Dai Min , Qian Shuaijie
Published: April 2021

Many finance problems can be formulated as a singular stochastic control problem, where the associated Hamilton‐Jacobi‐Bellman (HJB) equation takes the form of variational inequality, and its penalty approximation equation is linked to a regular control problem. The penalty method, combined with a finite difference scheme, has been widely used to numerically solve singular control problems, and its convergence analysis in literature relies on the uniqueness of solution to the original HJB equation problem. We consider a singular stochastic control problem arising from continuous‐time portfolio selection with capital gains tax, where the associated HJB equation problem admits infinitely many solutions. We show that the penalty method still works and converges to the value function, which is the minimal (viscosity) solution of the HJB equation problem. The key step is to prove that any admissible singular control can be approximated by a sequence of regular controls related to the corresponding penalized equation problem that admits a unique solution. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the penalty method and to better understand optimal investment strategy in the presence of capital gains tax. Our approach sheds light on the robustness of the penalty method for general singular stochastic control problems.
Intracellular amyloid hypothesis for ultra‐early phase pathology of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Okazawa Hitoshi
Published: April 2021

Using a new marker of necrosis, pSer46‐MARCKS, which was identified by comprehensive phosphoproteome analysis as a phosphoprotein changed before appearance of extracellular amyloid aggregation, we discovered that neuronal necrosis occurs much earlier in Alzheimer's disease pathology than previously expected. The necrosis is induced by intracellular amyloid accumulation that deprives a critical effector molecule, Yes‐associated protein (YAP), in the Hippo signaling pathway that is essential for cell survival, similarly to TRIAD necrosis observed in transcriptional repression and in other neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease. The initial TRIAD necrosis due to the intracellular amyloid releases HMGB1 into extracellular space and induces cluster of secondary necrosis around the primary necrotic neurons. Finally, the cluster grows into extracellular amyloid plaque. Inhibition of HMGB1 by anti‐HMGB1 antibody prevents expansion of neurodegeneration. Administration even after onset significantly ameliorates the cognitive decline of Alzheimer's disease model mice. Our results present a new theory of Alzheimer's disease pathology, which can be referred to as the “intracellular amyloid hypothesis".
Environmental factors in non‐syndromic orofacial clefts: A review based on meta‐analyses results
Authors: Suazo José
Published: April 2021

Non‐syndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFCs) are prevalent birth defects with a complex etiology where several interacting genetic and environmental factors have been observed. This narrative review describes maternal exposures that have been significantly associated with protective effects or risk factors. The statistically significant information reported here was found in meta‐analysis studies, taking advantage of their precision in defining intervention effects and their management of heterogeneity between studies. In addition, I propose a hypothesis explaining the biological basis for the results of the meta‐analyses. This review aims to improve the evidence available in parent counseling, to prevent the occurrence of orofacial clefts by suggesting lifestyle changes.
Forgiving, Committing, and Un‐forgiving
Authors: Wonderly Monique
Published: April 2021

Theorists often conceive of forgiveness as “wiping the slate clean” or something of the sort with respect to the offender’s moral infraction. This raises a puzzle concerning how (or whether) the relevant wrongdoing can continue to play a role in the forgiver’s deliberations, attitudes, and practical orientation toward the offender once forgiveness has taken place. For example, consider an agent who forgives her offender for an act of wrongdoing only to later blame her again for that very same act. Is the relevant agent morally criticizable for breaching a commitment internal to her earlier forgiveness? When, if ever, is “un‐forgiving,” justified? In brief, I argue that sometimes, we can genuinely forgive a wrongdoer for a particular transgression and at some later time, justifiably un‐forgive her for it. Though the act of un‐forgiving is underexplored, I argue that attending to this phenomenon will not only illuminate an important, often overlooked aspect of moral life, but it will also help to inform extant accounts of the nature and ethics of forgiveness.
Intersectionality, social support, and youth suicidality: A socioecological approach to prevention
Authors: Standley Corbin J. , Foster‐Fishman Pennie
Published: April 2021

Objective

This study examined the relationship between social support and suicidality among youth from a public health perspective by using (1) a socioecological framework and (2) an intersectional approach to social identity.

Methods

Secondary analysis of cross‐sectional survey data (N = 5058) involved means comparisons and a series of standard and hierarchical regression analyses.

Results

Youth with intersecting marginalized identities (i.e., females and racial and sexual minority youth) were significantly more likely to report higher suicidality scores. Social support at the family, school, and community levels was significantly associated with lower suicidality scores, and the combination of family and school support was associated with the lowest suicidality scores. Finally, family support significantly reduced the relationship between intersecting marginalized identities and suicidality.

Conclusions

Findings highlight the importance of protective factors in every context in which youth live, learn, and play. Measuring and reporting social identities as well as their intersections add to our understanding of both risk and prevention.
Leveraging general risk surveillance to reduce suicide in early adolescents: Associations between suicidality, disordered eating, and other developmental risk factors
Authors: Hunt Rowan A. , Levinson Cheri A. , Peiper Nicholas C.
Published: April 2021

Objective

Suicide is a leading cause of death in early adolescents (i.e., children ages 11–14), underscoring the need for a more complex understanding of suicidality in youth. Syndemics framework posits that the overlap of multiple maladaptive behaviors (or risk factors) produces worse health outcomes compared to each behavior alone. The use of this framework in preventing suicide necessitates that identification of developmental risk factors that occur in tandem to suicide (e.g., disordered eating behaviors and substance use) may be important for intervening on those at greatest risk of suicide.

Method

The present study uses latent class analysis (LCA) to evaluate the relationship between suicidality and disordered eating behaviors in early adolescence, and associations with other developmental risk factors in an epidemiological sample of middle school students (N = 3,811).

Results

Lifetime prevalence ranged from 6.8% to 18.2% for suicidality, and 5.3%–48.7% for disordered eating behavior. Our final model identified six independent classes, and each class had differential associations with several additional developmental risk factors.

Conclusion

By pinpointing specific classes of individuals who may be at risk for multiple developmental risk factors, our results have important implications for public health intervention and prevention efforts for a wide range of adolescent risk behaviors, including suicidality.
Military suicide prevention: The importance of leadership behaviors as an upstream suicide prevention target
Authors: Trachik Benjamin , Oakey‐Frost Nicolas , Ganulin Michelle L. , Adler Amy B. , Dretsch Michael N. , Cabrera Oscar A. , Tucker Raymond P.
Published: April 2021

Objective

To evaluate the longitudinal relationships between unit cohesion, Army leader behaviors, and subordinate suicidal/death ideation. Recent cross‐sectional research indicates that subordinates who perceive that their leaders instill a sense of purpose regarding military service demonstrate less frequent suicidal ideation.

Method

Five hundred fifty‐nine soldiers completed self‐report measures of perceptions of leadership behaviors, unit cohesion, and suicidal/death ideation during deployment as well as one and three months following deployment. Latent change score modeling was conducted to evaluate the course and direction of study variables as well as the relationship between them.

Results

Although lower levels of suicidal/death ideation were related to leader‐provided purpose, leader‐provided meaning, and unit cohesion at baseline, only leader‐provided purpose and unit cohesion prospectively predicted changes in suicidal/death ideation.

Conclusions

Consistent with the goal of military leadership to augment effective clinical interventions that reduce suicide risk, prevention programs that reach a broader population of personnel should be considered. Enhanced leadership training may be an important primary prevention tool to reduce suicide risk that warrants further research.
Is the outpatient mental health workforce ready to save lives? Suicide prevention training, knowledge, self‐efficacy, and clinical practices prior to the implementation of a statewide suicide prevention initiative
Authors: Labouliere Christa D. , Green Kelly L. , Vasan Prabu , Cummings Anni , Layman Deborah , Kammer Jamie , Rahman Mahfuza , Brown Gregory K. , Finnerty Molly , Stanley Barbara
Published: April 2021

Objective

Many public health approaches to suicide prevention emphasize connecting at‐risk individuals to professional treatment. However, it is unclear to what degree the outpatient mental health workforce has the requisite knowledge and skills to provide the evidence‐based care needed to help those at risk. In this project, prior to the implementation of a statewide suicide prevention initiative, we assessed the baseline suicide prevention training and clinical practices of the New York State outpatient mental health workforce, a group likely representative of the broader U.S. clinical workforce.

Method

A workforce survey of suicide prevention training and clinical practices was administered to 2,257 outpatient clinicians, representing 169 clinics serving approximately 90,000 clients. Clinicians were asked to complete the survey online, and all responses were confidential.

Results

Clinicians reported substantial gaps in their suicide prevention knowledge and training. The vast majority reported moderate self‐efficacy working with suicidal clients and endorsed using evidence‐based assessment procedures, but varied in utilization of recommended intervention practices.

Conclusions

This study highlights gaps in clinicians' training and clinical practices that need to be overcome to provide evidence‐based suicide care. Promisingly, positive associations were found between training and clinician knowledge, self‐efficacy, and use of evidence‐based practices.
Reducing rural veteran suicides: Navigating geospatial and community contexts for scaling up a national Veterans Affairs program
Authors: Kreisel Carlee J. , Wilson Lauren K. , Schneider Alexandra L. , Mohatt Nathaniel V. , Spark Talia L.
Published: April 2021

Objective

To develop and use planning maps to prioritize and facilitate county‐level recruitment for Together With Veterans (TWV), community‐based rural Veteran suicide prevention program.

Method

Choropleth maps were created for 49 U.S. states, with four mutually exclusive categories indicating eligibility for the TWV program and increasing levels of need assigned to each county based on (a) percent Veterans Health Administration enrollees residing in rural communities, (b) percent population that are Veterans, and (c) crude suicide mortality rate.

Results

Of 3113 counties, 78.2% were eligible for TWV and 25.8% met our highest priority definition. A national map and state map were provided to demonstrate final products used to engage stakeholders. A table of recommendations for creating and using planning maps was provided for future projects to reference.

Conclusions

Geographic information system (GIS) is useful for identifying and prioritizing counties that may benefit most from a rural Veteran suicide prevention program. Choropleth maps allow for dissemination of information about county suicide risk and need for suicide prevention to community members, researchers, and others with a vested interest in suicide reduction. The maps are one tool among many which can support decision‐makers in focusing available resources on populations with the most need.
A comprehensive review of quantitative research on crime, the built environment, land use, and physical geography
Authors: Inlow Alana R.
Published: April 2021

This paper provides a comprehensive review of space‐ and place‐based criminology, with a focus on the relationship between crime, the built environment, land use, and/or physical geography, through sociological and critical geography lenses. An historical overview of major criminological and spatial theories and contributors is presented before examining the current state of the field. In honor of critical geography's goal to be “a people's geography,”1 this paper aims to be an accessible overview of space‐ and place‐based criminological research, especially for readers who are unfamiliar with these topics.
Prognostic value of sternal lymphadenopathy on malignancy and survival in dogs undergoing splenectomy
Authors: Kelsey Jennifer , Balfour Raviv , Szabo David , Kass Philip H.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to determine prevalence of sternal lymphadenopathy in a population of dogs undergoing splenectomy, and to evaluate if the prevalence was associated with splenic malignancy. In addition, the study investigated if survival in dogs diagnosed with hemangiosarcoma (HSA) differed between those with or without sternal lymphadenopathy at the time of surgery. Digital radiographs and medical records for dogs who underwent splenectomy from 2013 to 2016 where retrospectively reviewed. One hundred ninety‐five dogs underwent splenectomy during the study period. The overall prevalence of sternal lymphadenopathy was 12.8%. The prevalence of sternal lymphadenopathy in dogs with hemangiosarcoma was 16.2% (12/74), other malignancy was 15.8% (3/19), and with a benign process 9.8% (10/102). There was no significant association between sternal lymphadenopathy with hemoperitoneum (p = .20) or between sternal lymphadenopathy and presence of neoplasia (p = .37). There was no significant difference in survival probability in all dogs with or without sternal lymphadenopathy (p = .073). However, sternal lymphadenopathy was associated with lower survival in 74 dogs with HSA (p = .036) and 19 with other splenic malignancies (p = .039). The presence of sternal lymphadenopathy should not be considered a negative prognostic indicator if present in dogs presenting with a hemoperitoneum. Although the presence of sternal lymphadenopathy at the time of initial presentation was not significantly associated with survival time in all dogs with splenic disease, it may have predictive value related to survival of dogs with splenic malignancy.
Pharmaceutical wastewater treatment using polypropylene membranes incorporated with carboxylated and PEG‐grafted nanodiamond in membrane bioreactor (MBR)
Authors: Hosseinpour Shahab , Azimian‐Kivi Masoud , Jafarzadeh Yoones , Yegani Reza
Published: April 2021

The aim of this work is to prepare polypropylene (PP) membrane by embedding carboxylated(‐COOH) and also polyethylene glycol(‐PEG) functionalized nanodiamond to improve membrane hydrophilicity and decline membrane fouling in pharmaceutical wastewater treatment. Porosity, contact angle, mechanical strength, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and membrane pure water permeation analysis were performed for the characterization of the membranes. The membranes with 0.75 wt.% of nanoparticles introduced the highest water flux, porosity and mechanical strength. The performance of PP, PP/ND‐COOH (0.75 wt.%) and PP/ND‐PEG (0.75 wt.%) membranes was studied in a lab‐scale membrane bioreactor (MBR). COD removal was more than 91% in all cases. It was found that antifouling characteristics, membrane resistance (Rm) and specific cake layer resistance (α) of nanocomposite membranes were better than of neat PP membrane. PP/ND‐PEG (0.75 wt.%) membrane exposed highest hydrophilicity and maximum critical flux and anti‐fouling characteristics. The results indicated that embedding nanodiamond in PP membrane can reduce membrane fouling in MBR.
The linguistic landscape of Bukhara and Tashkent in the post‐Soviet era
Authors: Hasanova Dilia
Published: April 2021

The sociopolitical changes that have taken place in Central Asia since the downfall of the Soviet Union have had a significant effect on the linguistic landscape of Uzbekistan. Russian, the dominant language of the Soviet era, lost its power and prestige in the wake of independence. Uzbek, the mother tongue of the local people, became the country's sole official language, while English, once considered the language of the Western bourgeoise, started to flourish as the most popular foreign language in post‐Soviet Uzbekistan. Using the concept of linguistic landscape, this study analyzes the presence and use of Uzbek, Russian, and English languages on public and private signs in two major Uzbek cities. The findings of the study reveal that even though it has been almost 30 years since Uzbek was declared as an official language, its presence on public and private signs is not as widespread as people might think.
Investigation of Reverse Flow Slinger Combustor With Jet A-1 and Methanol
Authors: Dubey Abhishek , Nema Pooja , Kushari Abhijit
Published: April 2021

This paper describes an experimental investigation of the reverse flow slinger (RFS) combustor that has been developed in order to attain high flame stability and low emissions in gas turbine (GT) engines. The combustor employs centrifugal fuel injection through a rotary atomizer and performs flame stabilization at the stagnation zone generated by reverse flow configuration. The design facilitates entrainment of hot product gases and internal preheating of inlet air, which enhances flame stability and permits stable lean operation for low NOx. Moreover, a rotary atomizer eliminates the need for high injection pressures, resulting in a compact and lightweight design. Atmospheric pressure combustion was performed with liquid fuels, Jet A-1 and methanol, at ultralean fuel–air ratios (FARs) with thermal intensity varying from 30 to 52 MW/m3 atm. Combustor performance was evaluated by analyzing the lean blowout, emissions, and combustion efficiency. A very low lean blowout corresponding to global equivalence ratio of 0.1 was observed, which showed the combustor's high flame stability. Sustained and stable combustion at low heat release was attained, and NOx emissions as low as 0.4 g/kg and 0.1 g/kg were achieved with Jet A-1 and methanol, respectively. Combustion efficiency of around 55% and 90% was obtained in operation with Jet A-1 and methanol. The overall combustor performance was significantly better with methanol in terms of emissions and efficiency.
Stall Behavior in an Ultrahigh-Pressure-Ratio Centrifugal Compressor: Backward-Traveling Rotating Stall
Authors: Zhang Yingjie , Lu Xingen , Zhang Yanfeng , Zhang Ziqing , Dong Xu , Han Ge
Published: April 2021

This paper describes the stall mechanism in an ultrahigh-pressure-ratio centrifugal compressor, composed of a double-splitter impeller, radial diffuser, and axial diffuser. A model comprising all impeller and diffuser blade passages is used to conduct unsteady simulations that trace the onset of instability in the compressor. Backward-traveling rotating stall waves appear at the inlet of the radial diffuser when the compressor is throttled. Six stall cells propagate circumferentially at approximately 0.7% of the impeller rotation speed. The detached shock of the radial diffuser leading edge and the number of stall cells determine the direction of stall propagation, which is opposite to the impeller rotation direction. Dynamic mode decomposition is applied to instantaneous flow fields to extract the flow structure related to the stall mode. This shows that intensive pressure fluctuations concentrate in the diffuser throat as a result of changes in the detached shock intensity. The diffuser passage stall and stall recovery are accompanied by changes in incidence angle and shock wave intensity. When the diffuser passage stalls, the shock-induced boundary–layer separation region near the diffuser vane suction surface gradually expands, increasing the incidence angle and decreasing the shock intensity. The shock is pushed from the diffuser's throat toward the diffuser leading edge. When the diffuser passage recovers from the stall, the shock wave gradually returns to the diffuser throat, with the incidence angle decreasing and the shock intensity increasing. Once the shock intensity reaches its maximum, the diffuser passage suffers severe shock-induced boundary–layer separation and stalls again.
Thermal-Hydraulic Optimization of Open-Cell Metallic Foams Used as Extended Surfaces
Authors: Mehendale Sunil
Published: April 2021

A one-dimensional analytical validated model for predicting temperature distribution, heat transfer, pressure drop, and fluid pumping power in an open-cell metal foam (OCMF) fin is developed. A foam length optimization technique based on its performance factor (PF) is proposed. Every optimized foam's efficiency is shown to be 33.2%, regardless of its pores per inch (PPI) or porosity. Although it can be applied to other porous materials, the model has been illustrated for aluminum foams with 5–40 PPI and 0.88–0.96 porosity (ε). The highest PPI, lowest porosity foam gives the best unit area goodness factor φu=jH/f, heat transfer, and heat transfer per unit volume Q˙V, while the greatest goodness factor φ (heat transfer rate to fluid pumping power) is achieved by the lowest PPI, lowest porosity foam. The highest PPI, highest porosity foam yields the best heat transfer per unit mass Q˙M. Thus, optimum foam selections strongly depend on the application. An often-used fin optimization criterion recommends that the fin effectiveness should equal or exceed 2. This study shows that the effectiveness of any optimized foam always exceeds 2. However, the converse, i.e., requiring the foam effectiveness to at least equal 2, does not guarantee an optimal foam, which implies that the PF-based optimization criterion is an inclusive one. It is also proved that a previously suggested optimization criterion of maximizing a foam's geometric mean efficiency will result in a suboptimal foam design.
Practical quantum-enhanced receivers for classical communication
Authors: Burenkov I. A. , Jabir M. V. , Polyakov S. V.
Published: April 2021

Communication is an integral part of human life. Today, optical pulses are the preferred information carriers for long-distance communication. The exponential growth in data leads to a “capacity crunch” in the underlying physical systems. One of the possible methods to deter the exponential growth of physical resources for communication is to use quantum, rather than classical measurement at the receiver. Quantum measurement improves the energy efficiency of optical communication protocols by enabling discrimination of optical coherent states with the discrimination error rate below the shot-noise limit. In this review article, the authors focus on quantum receivers that can be practically implemented at the current state of technology, first and foremost displacement-based receivers. The authors present the experimentalist view on the progress in quantum-enhanced receivers and discuss their potential.
The Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Exercise Overvaluation Scale
Authors: Leggett-James Mary Page , Vanaman Matthew E. , Lindner Danielle , Askew Robert L.
Published: April 2021

While regular exercise is associated with a number of physical and mental health benefits, basing one’s self-esteem largely on exercise is likely associated with negative outcomes. In the present studies, the authors developed a novel measure of this construct, something they term “exercise overvaluation.” In Study 1, 820 participants completed an online survey measuring self-esteem, exercise attitudes and behaviors, and eating disorder symptoms. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were employed to develop the 14-item Exercise Overvaluation Scale. The results provided evidence of discriminant and convergent validity and internal consistency reliability of scale scores. In Study 2, the Exercise Overvaluation Scale was administered to 134 university athletes, including those who participated in intramural sports, club sports, and collegiate athletics. The results from Study 2 supported the criterion validity and test–retest reliability of scale scores. This scale offers researchers a new tool to help understand the relationships among exercise, self-esteem, and physical and mental health outcomes.
Sporting Events and the Derived Demand for Hotels: Evidence From Southeastern Conference Football Games
Authors: DeSchriver Timothy D. , Webb Timothy , Tainsky Scott , Simion Adrian
Published: April 2021

The impact of sporting events on local economies has been a focus of academic research for many years. Sporting events create externalities within the local economies in the form of spillover effects. This study investigates the role of Southeastern Conference collegiate football games on local hotel demand from 2003 to 2017. Fixed effects models are used to expand upon previous research by incorporating six data sources to analyze the impact of team, game, hotel, and market characteristics on hotel performance. Results indicate that the demand for hotels varies greatly according to team and opponent quality. A number of sport marketing, sport economics, hospitality, and tourism management implications are discussed for universities and industry in their communities regarding scheduling and the potential for revenue growth.
Big Data and Analytics in Sport Management
Authors: Watanabe Nicholas M. , Shapiro Stephen , Drayer Joris
Published: April 2021

Big data and analytics have become an essential component of organizational operations. The ability to collect and interpret significantly large data sets has provided a wealth of knowledge to guide decision makers in all facets of society. This is no different in sport management where big data has been used on and off the field to guide decision making across the industry. As big data evolves, there are concerns regarding the use of enhanced analytic techniques and their advancement of knowledge and theory. This special issue addresses these concerns by advancing our understanding of the use of big data in sport management research and how it can be used to further scholarship in the sport industry. The six articles in this special issue each play a role in advancing sport analytics theory, producing new knowledge, and developing new inquiries. The implications discussed in these articles provide a foundation for future research on this evolving area within the field of sport management.
Medicine Ball Throw Responsiveness to Measure Wheelchair Basketball Mobility in Male Players
Authors: Gomes Costa Rodrigo Rodrigues , Dorneles Jefferson Rodrigues , Lopes Guilherme Henrique , Gorla José Irineu , Ribeiro Neto Frederico
Published: April 2021

Context: Monitoring training loads and consequent fatigue responses are usually a result of personal trainers’ experiences and an adaptation of methods used in sports for people without disabilities. Currently, there is little scientific evidence on the relationship between training load and fatigue resulting from training sessions in wheelchair sports. Analogous to the vertical jump, which has been associated with competitive performance and used to assess fatigue in Olympic sports, the medicine ball throw (MBT) is a fast, feasible, and accessible test that might be used to measure performance outcomes in Paralympic athletes. Objective: To test the MBT responsiveness to detect meaningful changes after training sessions in beginner wheelchair basketball players (WBP). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Rehabilitation Hospital Network, Paralympic Program. Participants: Twelve male WBP. Main Outcomes Measures: The participants performed 3 consecutive days of training sessions involving exercises of wheelchair basketball skills, strength, and power. The MBT test was performed pre and post training sessions. Results: The smallest worthwhile change for MBT was 0.10 cm, and the lower and upper limits were 3.54 and 3.75 m, respectively. On the first day, the MBT started below the smallest worthwhile change lower limit and increased above the upper limit (3.53 and 3.78 m, respectively). On the second day, the MBT pretraining and posttraining session results were near the sample mean (3.62 and 3.59 m, respectively). On the third day, the WBP started the MBT test training higher than the upper limit (3.78 m) and decreased to near the mean (3.58 m). Conclusions: During 3 consecutive days of training sessions, the magnitude-based inference model presented meaningful changes in MBT test performance. The accurate association of the magnitude-based inference model with the MBT allows coaches and sports team staff to interpret the correct magnitude of change in WBP performance.
Exercise Programs Targeting Scapular Kinematics and Stability Are Effective in Decreasing Neck Pain: A Critically Appraised Topic
Authors: Edwards Chris M.
Published: April 2021

Clinical Scenerio: Neck pain is a costly symptom in both civilian and military worlds. While traditional treatments include deep neck flexor stabilizing exercises, manual therapy, electrical therapy, and other nonsurgical interventions, scapular orientation and stability training has emerged as a possible tool to reduce neck pain severity. Methods that can be coached at a distance could be of value in virtual appointments or circumstances where access to a qualified manual therapist is limited. Focused Clinical Question: What is the effectiveness of including exercise programs targeting scapular kinematics and stability to decrease neck pain? Summary of Key Findings: Exercise programs targeting scapular kinematics and stability, with coaching and individualized progressions, appear to reduce neck pain severity. Clinical Bottom Line: Evidence supports the inclusion of exercises for scapular kinematics and stability at a prescription of 3 sessions per week, with a duration of 4 or 6 weeks. Exercise programs should include a “learning” or coaching phase to ensure exercises are performed as intended, and exercise progressions should be based on participant ability rather than predetermined timelines. Further research is needed to better understand the benefits of this potential strategy and the statistical impact of scapular-focused exercise interventions on neck pain in specific populations like military and athletes. Strength of Recommendation: There is ‘Fair’ to ‘Good’ evidence from 2 level 1b single-blind randomized control studies and 1 level 2b pre-post test control design study supporting the inclusion of exercise programs targeting scapular kinematics and stability to decrease chronic neck pain severity.
Aging and autoimmunity
Authors: Foley John F.
Published: April 2021

Cytoplasmic DNA sensing by the KU complex enhances CD4
+
T cell activation and contributes to aging-induced autoimmunity.
Developing Cyclic Peptomers as Broad-Spectrum Type III Secretion System Inhibitors in Gram-Negative Bacteria
Authors: Lam Hanh N. , Lau Tannia , Lentz Adam , Sherry Jessica , Cabrera-Cortez Alejandro , Hug Karen , Lalljie Annalyse , Engel Joanne , Lokey R. Scott , Auerbuch Victoria
Published: April 2021

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are an emerging global health threat. New antimicrobials are urgently needed.
Toward Chemical Validation of Leishmania infantum Ribose 5-Phosphate Isomerase as a Drug Target
Authors: Dickie Emily A. , Ronin Céline , Sá Mónica , Ciesielski Fabrice , Trouche Nathalie , Tavares Joana , Santarem Nuno , Major Louise L. , Pemberton Iain K. , MacDougall Jane , Smith Terry K. , Cordeiro-da-Silva Anabela , Ciapetti Paola
Published: April 2021

Neglected tropical diseases caused by kinetoplastid parasites (Trypanosoma brucei,Trypanosoma cruzi, andLeishmaniaspp.) place a significant health and economic burden on developing nations worldwide. Current therapies are largely outdated, inadequate, and face mounting drug resistance from the causative parasites.
Inclusion Membrane Growth and Composition Are Altered by Overexpression of Specific Inclusion Membrane Proteins in Chlamydia trachomatis L2
Authors: Olson-Wood Macy G. , Jorgenson Lisa M. , Ouellette Scot P. , Rucks Elizabeth A.
Published: April 2021

Chlamydia trachomatis
is the leading cause of bacterial sexually transmitted infections. This obligate intracellular bacterium develops within a membrane-bound vacuole called an inclusion, which sequesters the chlamydiae from the host cytoplasm. Host-pathogen interactions at this interface are mediated by chlamydial inclusion membrane proteins (Incs).
SARS-CoV-2 Nonstructural Protein 1 Inhibits the Interferon Response by Causing Depletion of Key Host Signaling Factors
Authors: Kumar Anil , Ishida Ray , Strilets Tania , Cole Jamie , Lopez-Orozco Joaquin , Fayad Nawell , Felix-Lopez Alberto , Elaish Mohamed , Evseev Danyel , Magor Katharine E. , Mahal Lara K. , Nagata Les P. , Evans David H. , Hobman Tom C.
Published: April 2021

SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19, a serious disease that can have a myriad of symptoms from loss of taste and smell to pneumonia and hypercoagulation. The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 can be attributed in part to asymptomatic transmission, where infected individuals shed large amounts of virus before the onset of disease.
Life Cycle Dominates the Volatilome Character of Dimorphic Fungus
Coccidioides
spp.
Authors: Higgins Keppler Emily A. , Mead Heather L. , Barker Bridget M. , Bean Heather D.
Published: April 2021

Coccidioidomycosis, or valley fever, causes up to 30% of community-acquired pneumonias in highly populated areas of the U.S. desert southwest where the disease is endemic. The infection is difficult to diagnose by standard serological and histopathological methods, which delays appropriate treatment.
B Cell Receptor-Responsive miR-141 Enhances Epstein-Barr Virus Lytic Cycle via FOXO3 Inhibition
Authors: Chen Yan , Fachko Devin N. , Ivanov Nikita S. , Skalsky Rebecca L.
Published: April 2021

EBV is a human pathogen associated with several malignancies. A key aspect of lifelong virus persistence is the ability to switch between latent and lytic replication modes.
Oligomerization and Cell Egress Controlled by Two Microdomains of Canine Distemper Virus Matrix Protein
Authors: Gast Matthieu , Kadzioch Nicole P. , Milius Doreen , Origgi Francesco , Plattet Philippe
Published: April 2021

Despite the availability of efficient vaccines, morbilliviruses (e.g., canine distemper virus [CDV] and measles virus [MeV]) still cause major health impairments. Although antivirals may support vaccination campaigns, approved inhibitors are to date still lacking.
Impact of chronic use of heat-not-burn cigarettes on oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation: the SUR-VAPES Chronic Study
Authors: Loffredo Lorenzo , Carnevale Roberto , Battaglia Simona , Marti Roberta , Pizzolo Stefano , Bartimoccia Simona , Nocella Cristina , Cammisotto Vittoria , Sciarretta Sebastiano , Chimenti Isotta , De Falco Elena , Cavarretta Elena , Peruzzi Mariangela , Marullo Antonino , Miraldi Fabio , Violi Francesco , Morelli Andrea , Biondi-Zoccai Giuseppe , Frati Giacomo
Published: April 2021

Tobacco habit still represents the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Heat-not-burn cigarettes (HNBCs) are considered as an alternative to traditional combustion cigarettes (TCCs) due to the lack of combustion and the absence of combustion-related specific toxicants. The aim of this observational study was to assess the effect of HNBC on endothelial function, oxidative stress and platelet activation in chronic adult TCC smokers and HNBC users. The results showed that both HNBC and TCC display an adverse phenotype in terms of endothelial function, oxidative stress and platelet activation. Future randomised studies are strongly warranted to confirm these data.
Diversification of Cynoglossinae genera (Cynoglosseae-Boraginaceae) in the western Irano–Turanian bioregion
Authors: Sherafati Mahboubeh , Kazempour-Osaloo Shahrokh , Khoshsokhan-Mozaffar Maryam , Kermani Shokouh Esmailbegi , Staedler Yannick M. , Manafzadeh Sara
Published: April 2021

The Irano–Turanian (I–T) bioregion harbours one of the Old World’s greatest repositories of botanical diversity; however, the diversification patterns and the phenotypic evolution of its flora are sorely understudied. The subtribe Cynoglossinae is characteristic of the western I–T bioregion, species-rich in both the desertic lowlands and the more mesic highlands of the Iranian plateau. About 70 species of Cynoglossinae are present in the Iranian plateau, 47 of which are endemic to the plateau. Herein, nuclear internal transcribed spacer sequences as well as cpDNA rpl32-trnL and trnH–psbA sequences were used to investigate the molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography, and ancestral character states of Cynoglossinae. Molecular dating and ancestral range reconstruction analyses indicated that the subtribe Cynoglossinae has initiated its diversification from the eastern part of the western I–T during the mid-Miocene, concomitantly with the uplift of the Pamir and Hindu Kush mountains. Moreover, from the Pliocene onwards, the Afghan–India collision and extensive deformation of the Arabia–Eurasia convergence likely promoted allopatric speciation in Cynoglossinae via mostly vicariance events. Evolution of annuals with small nutlets from perennials with large nutlets was accompanied by mesic to desert habitat shifts. Herein, to explain distribution of Cynoglossinae in the western I–T, the congruence between cladogenetic, geological, and palaeoclimatic events was investigated.
A SCALABLE HYBRID MODEL FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION DETECTION
Authors: WEN HAO , YU WENJIAN , WU YUANQING , YANG SHUAI , LIU XIAOLONG
Published: April 2021

In this work, a scalable hybrid model is proposed for the purpose of screening and continuous monitoring of atrial fibrillation (AF) using electrocardiogram (ECG) signals collected from wearable ECG devices. The time series of RR intervals (with units in seconds) extracted from the ECG signal is fed into a recurrent neural network (RNN), and the bandpass filtered and scaled signal itself is fed into a convolutional neural network (CNN). At the post-processing stage, these two predictions are merged. An additional logistic regression model using statistical features of “pseudo” PR interval sequence is applied to aid making the final prediction. The proposed model is trained and validated on several datasets from PhysioNet and achieves a precision of 98.28% and a specificity of 99.82% on a dataset collected from several PhysioNet databases. This hybrid model has already been deployed through a WeChat applet, providing services those using wearable ECG devices, thus helping the screening and continuous out-of-hospital monitoring of the disease of AF.
DIAGNOSIS OF EARLY STAGE PARKINSON’S DISEASE ON QUANTITATIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING USING COMPLEX NETWORK WITH ONE-WAY ANOVA F-TEST FEATURE SELECTION
Authors: ZHUANG HAN , LIU XUELING , WANG HUI , QIN CHUNLI , LI YUXIN , LI WENSHENG , SHI YONGHONG
Published: April 2021

This paper presented a novel complex network with one-way ANOVA F-test feature selection to diagnose early-stage Parkinson’s disease (PD) on quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). Experimental results on QSM images of 30 early-stage PD patients and 27 healthy controls (HC) proved that the F-test feature selection scheme was effective and achieved good classification results. The accuracy, AUC, sensitivity and specificity of our method were 0.96, 0.97, 0.99 and 0.95, respectively, which were improved by 15%, 4%, 29% and 2%, respectively by comparison with the commonly used region of interest (ROI) based method. Meanwhile, according to the feature importance, the potential brain regions affected by PD were arranged orderly. The affected regions were distributed as follows: 61% of them are located in right hemisphere and 39% in the left hemisphere. Particularly, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe and occipital lobe accounted for 24%, 20%, 5% and 14%, respectively, and striatum and the dorsal thalamus accounted for 16%. It concludes that the complex network with one-way ANOVA F-test feature selection can greatly improve the diagnostic performance of early-stage PD based on QSM, as well as provide a new way to study the effect of PD on brain in the future.
Game Theory based Cyber-Insurance to Cover Potential Loss from Mobile Malware Exploitation
Authors: Wang Li , Iyengar S. Sitharama , Belman Amith K. , Śniatała Paweł , Phoha Vir V. , Wan Changsheng
Published: April 2021

Potential for huge loss from malicious exploitation of software calls for development of principles of cyber-insurance. Estimating what to insure and for how much and what might be the premiums poses challenges because of the uncertainties, such as the timings of emergence and lethality of malicious apps, human propensity to favor ease by giving more privilege to downloaded apps over inconvenience of delay or functionality, the chance of infection determined by the lifestyle of the mobile device user, and the monetary value of the compromise of software, and so on. We provide a theoretical framework for cyber-insurance backed by game-theoretic formulation to calculate monetary value of risk and the insurance premiums associated with software compromise. By establishing the conditions for Nash equilibrium between strategies of an adversary and software we derive probabilities for risk, potential loss, gain to adversary from app categories, such as lifestyles, entertainment, education, and so on, and their prevalence ratios. Using simulations over a range of possibilities, and using publicly available malware statistics, we provide insights about the strategies that can be taken by the software and the adversary. We show the application of our framework on the most recent mobile malware data (2018 ISTR report—data for the year 2017) that consists of the top five Android malware apps:
Malapp, Fakeinst, Premiumtext, Maldownloader
, and
Simplelocker
and the resulting leaked phone number, location information, and installed app information. Uniqueness of our work stems from developing mathematical framework and providing insights of estimating cyber-insurance parameters through game-theoretic choice of strategies and by showing its efficacy on
a recent real malicious app data
. These insights will be of tremendous help to researchers and practitioners in the security community.