bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patterns and Treatment Modalities of Maxillofacial Fractures due to Motorcycle Accidents
Authors: Sardar Tariq , Ullah Umer , Khan Ajmal , Shah Zainab , Iqbal Anjum , Afsar Hina
Published: June 2022

Aim: Maxillofacial fractures due to motorbike accidents are common in Pakistan. The aim of current study was to evaluate the pattern of fractures in motorbike accidents and the common treatment modalities used to deal these fractures. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study 274 patients with facial fractures were recruited consecutively from Maxillofacial surgery unit of Khyber College of Dentistry, from April 2021 to December 2021. Patterns were classified broadly into midface, mandible and combined fractures while treatment modalities included close reduction and ORIF at 1, 2, 3 and 4 or more points. Simple descriptive statistics were used with SPSS version 20.0. Chi-Square and Fisher’s Exact tests were applied where required, with p>0.05 kept as significant. Results: Out of 274 patients, 260 were male and 110 belonged to age group 21 to 30years. Mandible fracture (n=108) was the most common pattern followed by combined fractures (n=88). Symphysis/parasymphysis was the most common site of single mandibular fractures while most common single midfacial bone to fracture was ZMC (n=56). Overall 2 points fixation (n=88) was the most common treatment modality used followed by 1 point fixation (n=72). Mandibular fractures were treated mostly by single point fixation and combined fractures by ORIF at 3 or more points (p=0.000). Conclusion: Maxillofacial fractures due to motorbike accident are common in men of 21 to 30 years age. Mandibular fractures are the most common followed by combined fractures. Mandibular fractures require 1 point, midface fractures 2 points and combined fractures 3 or more points fixation for their optimal management. Key words: motorbike accidents, patterns, treatment modalities
A successful extraction of difficult giant bladder stone: A case report
Authors: Rashid Mazlan Mohd , Azmi Bukhairi , Yaacob Rashide
Published: June 2022

Lately, the incidence of giant bladder stones has significantly declined. Severe acute kidney injury caused by bladder stones is rare. Open cystolithotomy would usually be the mode of treatment for such cases. However, few data reported on the technique used to deliver complicated giant bladder stones. We report such presentation and the exceptional technique of delivering a giant bladder stone weighing 1 kg in a 30-year-old man in Hospital Sultan Abdul Halim, Sungai Petani, Kedah. This technique involves using a chisel and a hammer.
The Barrier Factors to the Implementation of Building Information Modelling for Construction Industry in Sarawak
Authors: Chan Jiong Ru , Sadeghifam Aidin Nobahar , Joo Meheron Selowara
Published: June 2022

Building Information Modelling (BIM) Construction Lifecycle Process offers digital construction solutions throughout the whole project lifecycle by providing sustainable productivity and quality and increasing the work collaboration and efficiency of the design teams. BIM represents the development and application of computer-generated n-dimensional (n-D) models to simulate building construction planning, design, construction, and operation. In Sarawak, the BIM technology does not meet the construction stakeholder's expectations during the project lifecycles in different stages, which resulted in low BIM implementation. Therefore, this research study aims to identify the salient barrier factors to the implementation of BIM in the Sarawak construction industry, specifically in the design stage. To achieve the research study, the methodology is applied through literature review, followed by an online interview with BIM experts in Sarawak Construction Industry. Lastly, the findings of this study indicate the most salient factors faced by the Sarawak construction industry until the present, in terms of Technology, Cost, Management, Personal and Policy, such as (1) Lack of active participation from consultants in the project team, (2) Low enforcement from client, (3) Lack of senior management support, (4) Lack of desire to change of the older generation to implement BIM and (5) Lack of the knowledge regarding the cost benefits for implementing BIM.
The Idea of Man in the Political Philosophy of Modernism
Authors:   University of Economics – Varna, Georgieva Stoyanka
Published: June 2022

The article analyzes the development of the idea of the "political man" in the context of its dependence on the specifics of the political system, as well as the dependence of the power system on the idea of human freedom. The problem of the transformation of the individual into a citizen, whose political independence is stimulated by the existence of rights and his expression in the public sphere, is studied in the article. Unveiling the human dimension of polity provokes the need to analyze the problem of the political subjectivity of the individual, the autonomy of the will and the dignity of man.
Student – Teacher Relationship Style in School Environment
Authors:   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bekir Sezgin , Tair Ergyul ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2022

The article presents results of a research of student – teacher relationship styles in the school environment, measured by the stroke economy. The sample includes 339 students between the ages of 13 to 15, of whom 198 are from vulnerable and 141 are from invulnerable groups, and 229 teachers between the ages of 24 to 65. The results present significant differences in the styles used by the three groups. Students from vulnerable groups declare preferences for the styles “Don't accept” and “Don't give yourself”, which is expressed in a tendency to devalue their own achievements and successes. Students from invulnerable groups and teachers express preferences for the styles “Don't accept” and “Don't ask”, which suggests manifestations of characteristics such as confidence and a tendency to reject compliments. The obtained results can be used as an approach to increase the efficiency of the student-teacher relationship and improve the social climate in the classroom.
O desenvolvimento psicomotor na educação infantil por meio da ludicidade
Authors: Gonçalves Nóbrega dos Santos Marco Aurélio , Gabriela Soares Amaral Natália , Maria da Silveira Nobres Rosilda
Published: June 2022

O desenvolvimento psicomotor na educação infantil é de suma importância para possibilitar o processo de ensino aprendizagem nas crianças. Com o aumento das reflexões sobre o desenvolvimento psicomotor nas escolas, principalmente, a etapa da educação infantil merece destaque, pois é a etapa onde deve-se estimular o desenvolvimento integral das crianças por meio da ludicidade. O presente estudo refere-se a uma revisão bibliográfica, onde usou filtros de seleção e artigos listados nas bases de dados CAPES, Google Acadêmico e SciElo, entre os anos de 2014 a 2022. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi selecionar estudos já realizados sobre a colaboração da ludicidade na dimensão do desenvolvimento psicomotor na etapa da educação infantil e aumentar as discussões no que diz a respeito ao papel do professor nesse segmento. A amostragem foi composta por 08 (oito) artigos, nos quais os resultados mostraram a importância da ludicidade para estimular o desenvolvimento psicomotor no processo de aprendizagem, e consequentemente na qualidade de ensino na primeira infância.
Demographic change and economic growth in Nigeria
Authors: Iweijingi Faith Sajini
Published: June 2022

This paper examines the link between Demographic change and Economic growth from geographical and health perspectives. It highlighted the medical and social factors that engendered demographic change and how the resultant demographic condition affects economic growth. The paper adopted the qualitative method of analysis of textual material for both data collection and data analysis. The findings are that; improvement in public health and medical technology especially that of vaccination against infectious diseases, improvement in agriculture, better nutrition and general sanitation are factors that brought about a reduction in death rates and facilitated increased fertility rate leading to sustained population growth. The resultant population growth seriously affects economic growth as an investment is concentrated on the provision of basic needs to the detriment of capital investment needed for economic growth. The paper recommends the enactment and implementation of realistic population and economic policies.
Effect of magical method of teaching in developing social skills and successful intelligence among the secondary school students
Authors: Rafeedali E
Published: June 2022

Education is a tool that simulates human intelligence and personality. Mere functional literacy and numeracy cannot make wonders in human life. It needs identification and development of students' potentials and life skills. Boosting successful intelligence and social skills is fundamental to making individuals lives successful. Hence, education needs such teaching-learning styles that emancipate the students' successful intelligence and social skills. The study tries to attempt the effect of the magical method of teaching in developing successful Intelligence and Social Skills among secondary school students. The present study is an experimental study, where the magical method of teaching treated as independent variable and successful Intelligence and social skills considered as dependent variables. Experimental group have been given the treatment through magical method of teaching while control group have been taught through traditional method of teaching. Post tests scores of experimental and control group for both independent variables has been analyzed. To find out the effect of Magical Method of teaching on successful Intelligence and social skills. Mean, standard deviation and t test were employed for data analysis. The study found that the magical method of teaching significantly effect in developing successful intelligence and social skills to secondary school students.
Perceived self-efficacy and the psychological well-being of adolescents
Authors: Kamil Alyaa Aamir , AL-Hadrawi Hayder H.
Published: June 2022

Background: Adolescence is a critical developmental phase in a person’s life during which the transition move from childhood to adulthood. The changes and challenges that most adolescents experience in their development to adulthood could influence their self-efficacy as a necessary element that contribute to their psychological well-being.  Aims: This study aims to measure the level of perceived self-efficacy of adolescents, as well as determining the relationship between perceived self-efficacy and the psychological well-being of adolescents. Methodology: A descriptive-correlational design guided this study to achieve the stated objectives.   Participants were recruited using the snowball sampling technique through an online form. The study sample was composed a total of 320 adolescents (120 males and 200 females); aged between 12 and 19 years old. Two different scales (General Self-Efficacy Scale -10 items, and the psychological well-being scale 42-items) were used to obtain the study data. Descriptive statistics and correlational analysis were run for data analyses process. Results: The majority of adolescents had a fair level of perceived self-efficacy (47.8%), as well as fair level of psychological well-being (68.1%). There is a positive correlation between perceived self-efficacy and their psychological well-being (r= .370, P= 0.01).
Study of some immunological parameters in hematological malignancies patients
Authors: Kadhem Raghad Ridha , Kareem Hiyame Abdel Ridha , Jahil Karrar Abd Ali
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to verify the number of differentiation aggregates that include HLA-DR, CD5 and CD7 In patients with hematological malignancies and comparing them with the healthy group, where the levels of these subgroups were detected in the peripheral blood of 40 males and females, Where samples were collected by 20 samples from patients with malignant hematomas, Plus 20 people from the healthy group.All blood samples and available data were collected from patients with hematological malignancies, from the Center for Oncology and Hematology,in partnership with the laboratories of medical centers and Al-Jawadeen National Laboratory, for the period from November 2021 to May 2022.The immunophenotypes of HLA-DR, CD5 and CD7 were studied in the samples using the flow cytometry technique,where the rate of differentiation aggregates in patients with leukemia was much higher than in healthy people, where the results showed significant differences with statistical significance at the level of  P≤ 0.05 in the proportion of CD5, CD7 and HLA-DR in samples of patients with hematological malignant diseases, and a slight increase in the level of CD5 and HLA-DR was found in males than in females, and a slight decrease in the level of CD7 was observed in males than in females.
Effect of JPMR on State-Trait Anxiety among young female adult during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown
Authors: Sudheer Vani , Naachimuthu K P
Published: June 2022

The worldwide pandemic situation that is caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has led the population to a state of confinement, which has created a rise in state trait anxiety among people around us. COVID-19 affected our psychological state similarly as our physical health. The research design used in this study is quasi experimental research design and the questionnaire used was State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI Form Y-1 & Y-2 Charles D. Spielberger, 1983).  Study includes 30 young female adult and out of that 15 subjects were taken into account as experimental group and were given the JPMR as the intervention plan for one month. The objective of our study is to find the effectiveness of JPMR on state trait anxiety. After the intervention data was analysed using paired t-test and correlation. Although result proved that for state anxiety obtained P value is 0.000 which is significant at 0.01 level (t =7.08, p=0.000) indicating that JPMR therapy was effective in reducing the state anxiety for the experimental group. No significant difference found in trait anxiety in both experimental and control group.
Antibiotics susceptibility against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from different infections
Authors: Donya M. Mubdir , Oda Ameem N. , Oda Dunya N. , Bunyan Ilham A.
Published: June 2022

In the present study, a total 70 samples were collected from different sites of infection which include 25(35.7%) samples from bronchial wash, 15 (21.4%) samples from urine, 15 (21.4%) samples from ear swabs, and 15 (21.4%) samples wound swabs), these samples have been collected and tested during period from March 2022 to June 2022. The results showed that, out of 70 samples, 62(88.5%) give positive culture, while 8(11.5%) samples were negative culture. Out of 62 positive culture on different types of growth media, and the bacterial was identified according to gram stain, biochemical tests and Vitek compact system, the results showed that, only 18(29.1%) isolates were related to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while 44 (70.9%) samples were related to other types of microbial agents, these isolates which include 5/18(28%) isolates from bronchial wash, 4/18(22.1%) isolates from urine, 2/18(11.1%) isolates from ear swabs and 7/18(38.8%) isolates from wound swabs. To confirm the isolates of bacteria was used automated Compact Vitek-2 system use GN-ID cards which contained 64 biochemical tests.
Genetic variability and correlation studies in various genotypes of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf.]
Authors: Singh U , Kumar S , K Archana , Yadav K , K Chaman , K Sidharth
Published: June 2022

The study was conducted to determine genetic variability and correlation involving 21 watermelon genotypes in a randomized block design with three replications. A considerable amount of variability was observed for qualitative and quantitative traits. Maximum phenotypic and genotypic variability was recorded for the seediness, followed by pericarp thickness and fruit weight. Most of the characters except cotyledon size, leaf blade ratio, emergence of first male flower, emergence of first female flower, days taken to fruit maturity, blooming period and seed length exhibited high estimates of heritability coupled with the high estimates of genetic advance. Number of fruits per vine had significant genotypic and phenotypic positive correlation with the traits leaf blade length, internodal length, number of primary branches and number of secondary branches. Based on yield and yield contributing characters, the genotypes viz., VRW-14, VRW-12, VRW- 20 and VRW-17 were found promising for future improvement programme.
Induction of induced systemic resistance in capsicum chilli against Colletotrichum truncatum through fungal biocontrol agents
Authors: Nandini MLN , Srinivasulu B , Gopal K , Ruth C , Devi PR , Babu MR , Padmaja VV
Published: June 2022

To induce the systemic resistance in capsicum against Colletotrichum truncatum an experiment was conducted with two biocontrol agents viz., Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma asperellum in pot culture. The induced resistance was monitored by increase in activities of five defense related enzymes viz., peroxidase (PO), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the accumulation of phenols and β -1,3-glucanase were also noticed in capsicum upon challenge inoculation with C. truncatum, the causal agent for anthracnose or fruit rot in capsicum. The activities of defense enzymes reached a peak at eight days after inoculation (DAI) with the pathogen. Native PAGE analysis revealed the expression of an additional isoforms of PO and PPO were observed in biocontrol agents treated seedlings due to induced systemic resistance (ISR) introduction. Prior treatment of capsicum seedlings with biocontrol agents triggered the plant defense mechanism in response to infection by C. capsici. Hence, it is speculated that among the various direct antagonistic tools, ISR is also the one indirect tool by which the tested biocontrol agents afforded resistance to capsicum against the pathogen.
“Heading Towards a Solution”: Is Futsal the Perfect Training Alternative for Soccer to Reduce Heading Frequency?
Authors: Yiannaki Christopher , Rhodes David
Published: June 2022

Soccer is the most popular sport in the world, with ~260 million participants. Recently the impact of heading in soccer has been subject to increased scrutiny as governing bodies seek to protect the welfare of participants. Concern has arisen due to the reported neurocognitive deficits potentially emanating directly from soccer participation and specifically the heading action. Acute concussions are more easily diagnosed compared to the very subtle symptoms some researchers associate with frequent heading. The more elusive influence of repeated sub-concussive impacts from purposefully heading the ball has become a debate however. Overall, research has not definitively concluded this discussion, made recommendations for protocol modifications, or provided clear justification to ban heading. Despite this, governing bodies have begun to make strategic policy changes to mitigate any possible negative side-effects, i.e., FA Premier League heading guidelines. Governing body changes are most notable in youth soccer, with US soccer banning heading altogether for the youngest players. To our knowledge, the sport of futsal has not yet been considered as an alternative for training or match-play until research provides clarity. With naturally low frequencies of heading during match-play (~8 per-game per-team) compared to soccer (~55.6 per-game per-team) and constraints which reduce overly aggressive physical contact, futsal represents a possible alternative. Meanwhile, evidence suggests futsal is advantageous to soccer player development due to its constraints encouraging skills that successfully transfer to soccer. Therefore, we advocate futsal as a positive training/match-play alternative for soccer which we believe governing bodies should consider.
Research on the Development Dilemma and Countermeasures Faced by Rural Digital Inclusive Finance
Authors: Cai Zhuoying , Shu Yu , Zhang Jinghao , Zeng Xiaofan
Published: June 2022

Due to the influence of the complexity and diversification of financial needs in rural areas, traditional financial services have exposed many problems, and it is difficult to fully meet the personal credit needs of farmers. Under this circumstance, rural digital financial inclusion has achieved rapid development. Compared with the traditional inclusive finance model, digital inclusive finance has wider coverage and higher service efficiency, helping to promote the development of the rural economy. At present, the development of rural digital inclusive finance still faces many difficulties, which need to be solved and optimized urgently. To this end, this paper discusses the development difficulties and countermeasures faced by rural digital inclusive finance for reference.
Marketing in the Context of New Media Marketing Research on Curriculum Teaching Reform
Authors: Wang Gang , Wang Xianli , Lv Yiliang , Yang Zhe , Mao Changxiong
Published: June 2022

With the popularity of the Internet, the rapid development of new media, the marketing industry ushered in the era of changes, new media marketing development is rapid, in the social media environment, the traditional marketing means effect advantage is not obvious, the change of social media has promoted the change of the business pattern, colleges and universities are the main way of social output for talent output, colleges and universities for marketing students training is still in the traditional marketing concept training mode, Obviously can not meet the talent needs of the current business development, for the university marketing professional talent training model reform exploration, this article will start from the perspective of new media marketing, market changes as the guide, the use of case analysis method and literature method to further study the teaching reform of the applied undergraduate "Marketing" course, explore the new path of "Marketing" course teaching reform in the context of new media marketing.
Two more additions to Indian Cololejeunea (Hepaticae: Lejeuneaceae) from West Sikkim
Authors: Dey Monalisa , Singh Devendra , Singh Devendra
Published: June 2022

Two species of Cololejeunea (Spruce) Schiffn., viz. C. macounii (Spruce ex Underw.) A. Evans, an Asian-North American disjunct, and C. ocellata (Horik.) Benedix, an East Asian species, are described for the first time in Indian bryoflora from West district of Sikkim.
O сложностях выводов балансированных формул в двух пропозициональных системах выводов
Authors: Чубарян А. А.
Published: June 2022

Для одного класса балансированных формул исследованы минимальные значения количества шагов и длины выводов в двух пропозициональных системах: системе ОР, основанной на обобщённом методе расщепления, и системе Е, основанной на определяющей дизъюнктивной нормальной форме. Для всех четырех исследуемых величин получены одинаковые по порядку (по логарифмической шкале) верхние и нижние оценки.
‘We Are Not Just Asking What Poland Can Do for the Polish Diaspora but Mainly What the Polish Diaspora Can Do for Poland’: The Influence of New Public Management on the Polish Diaspora Policy in the Years 2011–2015
Authors:   Witold Nowak, Nowosielski Michał
Published: June 2022

This article describes and analyses Polish diaspora policy changes in the years 2011–2015. Two decades after the rebirth of the Polonia policy in 1989, it was completely rebuilt. Emphasising values and Poland’s obligations towards the diaspora was replaced by paying more attention to the interests and profitability of this policy. The authors demonstrate how New Public Management (NPM) concepts influenced this shift. Analysis of two different sources – documents programming Polish diaspora policy and interviews with experts and persons designing the Polonia policy – confirmed that NPM principles influenced Polish diaspora policy on five dimensions: organisational restructuring, management instruments, budgetary reforms, participation, marketisation/privatisation.
Đặc điểm và kết quả điều trị bệnh nhân bỏng nhiễm virus viêm gan B và C
Authors: Ngô Tuấn Hưng , Nguyễn Như Lâm
Published: June 2022

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tỷ lệ, đặc điểm và ảnh hưởng của nhiễm viêm gan virus B và C đối với bệnh nhân (BN) bỏng.Đối tượng và phương pháp nhiên cứu: Nghiên cứu hồi cứu trên 15.301 bệnh nhân (BN) bỏng điều trị trong 5 năm (2016 - 2020) tại Bệnh viện Bỏng Quốc gia Lê Hữu Trác. Bệnh nhân được chia làm hai nhóm có hoặc không có nhiễm viêm gan virus, được so sánh về các đặc điểm, diễn biến và kết quả điều trị.Kết quả: Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân bỏng nhiễm viêm gan virus là 3,54%, chủ yếu gặp ở người lớn, lao động tự do và là nam giới. Không có sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê giữa hai nhóm về tỷ lệ các biến chứng và số ngày điều trị. Tuy nhiên, tỷ lệ tử vong cao hơn đáng kể ở nhóm bệnh nhân nhiễm viêm gan virus (5,9% so với 3,12%; p < 0,01). Ngoài ra, kết quả phân tích đa biến cho thấy nhiễm viêm gan virus C có mối liên quan độc lập với tử vong cùng với tuổi, giới, diện tích bỏng, diện tích bỏng sâu và bỏng hô hấp.Kết luận: Nhiễm viêm gan virus C là yếu tố độc lập dự báo tử vong ở bệnh nhân bỏng. Cần có các nghiên cứu tiến cứu sâu về sự tái hoạt động và ảnh hưởng của nhiễm virus viêm gan trên bệnh nhân bỏng.
Kết quả chăm sóc người bệnh sau phẫu thuật gãy hở xương chi trên và một số yếu tố liên quan tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Nông Nghiệp năm 2021
Authors: Lê Thị Mai Phương , Phan Thị Dung
Published: June 2022

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Mô tả kết quả chăm sóc người bệnh (NB) sau phẫu thuật gãy hở xương chi trên và phân tích một số yếu tố liên quan.Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả tiến cứu 134 người bệnh phẫu thuật gãy xương chi trên từ tháng 1 đến tháng 12 năm 2021 tại Khoa Ngoại Chấn thương, Bệnh viện Đa khoa Nông nghiệp.Kết quả: Nghiên cứu cho thấy 83,6% người bệnh được chăm sóc ở mức tốt, trong đó thời gian nằm viện trung bình của người bệnh sau phẫu thuật là 9,43 ± 3,2, có 41 (30,6%) người bệnh nằm viện dưới 7 ngày và 93 (69,4%) người bệnh nằm viện trên 7 ngày; tỷ lệ nhiễm khuẩn vết mổ là 0,7%. Yếu tố tuổi và phân độ gãy hở có liên quan đến kết quả chăm sóc với OR là 2,0 và 3,1 (p đều < 0,5).Kết luận: Người bệnh được chăm sóc tốt sau phẫu thuật gãy hở xương chi trên chiếm tỷ lệ cao.
An Exploration of Listening Teaching, Learning Problems and Their Causes at Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry during Covid-19
Authors: Tong Thi Hue
Published: June 2022

Teachers, students, and academics working with English as a second language (L2 English) have long considered listening the hardest skill to master. It has also gotten the least attention in second language acquisition and has been the least studied of the four language abilities. Using several viewpoints, during the Covid 19 era at Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry, this research evaluated the causes of hearing problems faced by HUFI learners at the pre-intermediate level. The study's ultimate purpose was to develop a research-based methodology to assist these students in improving their listening comprehension abilities by contributing to the knowledge of the nature of listening comprehension and the causes of issues they confront. The study looked into terms of lexical processing and spoken word recognition, learners' views, performance in phonological vocabulary exams, and recognition of words by dictation transcription, as well as learners' self-reflection after one semester of learning and instruction. Lecturers, Training Programs, Facilities, Application of Information Technology, and Support Services all have good effects on the quality of teaching English listening competence at the institution, according to the findings. The qualitative method was used to find reliable data for this research.
Delegating Critical Thinking Skills in Learners through Effective Questioning Technique in the Class
Authors: Ho Thi My Linh , To Minh Thanh
Published: June 2022

The 21st century is known as the "flat world" where people can communicate from anywhere, anytime. It is imperative that educators ensure their students have the necessary skills for adapting to the modern world, such as communication, creativity, critical thinking, and collaboration. By learning English, students will not only shorten their learning gaps for new opportunities but will also increase their chances of becoming global citizens. However, since most Vietnamese students do not know how to practice or promote their critical thinking skills while learning English, it is crucial that teachers understand and apply a variety of techniques and strategies to activate and guide students' critical thinking. Brookfield and Preskill (2005) state that well-structured- questions raise students' awareness of using their knowledge and comprehension of a subject at lower-order thinking skills (remember-understand-apply) to higher-order thinking skills (analysis, synthesis, evaluation, and creation). To learn how Vietnamese teachers delegate critical thinking questions to their students and how often they do so, the researchers conducted the study using a quantitative method to figure out how teachers' questioning techniques promote students' critical thinking skills. This study uses a quantitative methodology in which the researchers developed the questionnaires based on Bloom Taxonomy's thinking orders and contributed to Vietnamese Teachers for data collection. The results showed that most Vietnamese teachers know how to use questioning techniques and frequently develop them during their teaching. They use questions to evaluate learners' conceptual understandings and provide them with feedback on their thinking processes from simple to complex concepts and provide hints or alternative explanations, which boost the development of students' critical thinking skills.
Exploring EFL undergraduates’ views of the impact teachers have on their online learning engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam
Authors: Ngo Duc Huy
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced education systems worldwide to switch all learning and teaching to the virtual platform since late 2019. This swift transition has a certain impact on students' engagement during their online classes. Studies propose that online learning engagement, as a multidimensional construct, is affected by online connectivity and peer or teacher support. However, little has been done, specifically in the context of higher education in Vietnam, to study the influence of each factor separately. In pursuit of filling this gap, four focus group discussions are conducted. The discussions firstly aim to comprehend the participants' general perceptions about the influence of EFL lecturers on their online engagement, while the main part is to investigate how the four specific roles of online lecturers, including their pedagogical, social, managerial, and technical roles, affect learning engagement. This explanatory study concludes that how effectively EFL lecturers can perform these roles has a substantial impact on their students' engagement in learning English online. From the findings, the paper suggests language teachers should be provided with more training that caters to enhancing their flexibility in creating autonomy-supportive online tasks as well as their digital competence.
Future meaning in Vietnamese and English: Similarities and Differences
Authors: To Minh Thanh
Published: June 2022

The paper describes in detail and employs one table and six discussions to compare expressions of future meaning in Vietnamese and English declaratives to find out their differences and similarities. The findings are the basis for giving some advice to learners of Vietnamese and English. Vietnamese neither distinguishes nor employs grammatical means to express various shades of future meaning. A lexical means like sẽ, định, tính, or sắp, or a combination of two or more like định sẽ, tính sẽ, or dự tính sẽ, does. The lexical means may be omitted when an adverbial of future time like sáng mai, meaning tomorrow morning, occurs. At first glance, Vietnamese learners face difficulty because one expression in their mother tongue separates into two or more in English, resulting in unnecessary differentiation; conversely, native speakers of English seem more enjoyable noticing that two or more expressions in their mother tongue merge into one in Vietnamese. However, to understand Vietnamese sentences, foreigners must depend more on contextual cues than when they process English sentences. This is uneasy for the native English speakers, who are accustomed to using a language in which all the modal meanings have signs, either lexical or grammatical or both, with an explicit indicator in the structure of the nuclear predication of the declaratives.
Nutritional and organoleptic properties of gluten free biscuits prepared from foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and wheat flour composites
Authors: Journal IJSREM
Published: June 2022

Incorporation of foxtail millet flour in wheat flour for biscuit preparation was observed. After addition of foxtail millet flour fat, protein and fiber content of composite flour was increased upto 2.1, 2.6 and 12.60%, respectively in flour composite of 40% foxtail millet. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed for functional properties of composite flour as compared to the wheat flour. PV, BV, TV and FV decreased with increase in percentage of foxtail millet flour in composite flour and reached upto 290, 79, 211, and 620 cP, respectively. It was observed that diameter and spread ratio decreased whereas thickness and weigh of biscuits was increased as compared to control sample. It was observed that ash, fat, protein and fibre content was increased as compared to control biscuit. The hedonic test showed a pleasant appreciation for all the biscuits except 40% composition biscuits. Sample containing more than 20% were poorly scored as compared to the control. Key words: Foxtail millet, pasting properties, gluten free biscuit.
THE DIGITALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL AREAS
Authors: V S Abhishek , Katta Abhay Keerthan
Published: June 2022

The literature about digitalization in agriculture and rural areas is incredibly vast. Both international institutions and practitioners have an interest in promoting digitalization of Agriculture and Rural Areas, indicating and describing potential benefits and risks. Meanwhile, academics analyse the particular and possible impacts of digitalization by using case studies and field works. Educated people and therefore the youths of the country should take main a part of this digitalization. The feature of a scientific review of Agriculture and Rural Areas, helps us to extend theassembly of crops within the field of Agriculture and to extend the literacy rate of the countrywithin the rural areas.
The Problem on Determining "How to Incorporate Knowledge into Information Mining Algorithms"
Authors: U Nithin. , U Likith. , N Zafar Ali Khan
Published: June 2022

There is a massive amount of data on the Internet right now, but essentially little classification information. The main issue is figuring out how to incorporate knowledge into information mining algorithms. The authors examine information retrieval approaches and discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Although most Web documents are text oriented, there are plenty of them that contain multimedia elements, which are not easily accessible through common search methods. Web information is dynamic, semi-structured, and interwound with hyperlinks. Several advanced methods for Web information mining are analysed: 1) syntax analysis, 2) metadata-based searching using RDF, 3) knowledge annotation by use of conceptual graphs (CGs), 4) KPS: Keyword, Pattern, Sample search techniques, and 5) techniques of obtaining descriptions by fuzzification and back-propagation. The problem of choosing proper keywords is
Analysis of Water Characteristics by the Hydropower Use (Up-Stream and Downstream): A Case of Study at Ecuador, Argentina, and Uruguay
Authors: Naranjo-Silva Sebastian , Rivera-Gonzalez Luis , Escobar-Segovia Kenny , Quimbita-Chiluisa Omar , del Castillo Javier Alvarez
Published: June 2022

This study aims to evaluate the water use characteristics of five hydropower stations in Ecuador, Uruguay, and Argentina to verify if the resource will change by their use on energy production, mainly to natural dam flow. The methodology is quantitative by taking water before inlet of the generation turbines (up-stream) and outlet of discharge after the process (downstream), there are ten samples to study for each one, at eleven physical-chemical parameters (three physical and eight chemical). This study found that hydropower projects analyzed present changes between inlet dammed water and outlet water from the turbine after generating electricity. The measured parameters are variables, some ranges demonstrate large deviations, for example, total dissolved solids with 100 mg/l, total solids 93 mg/l, and hardness 46 mg/l. There are differences between upstream and downstream water quality because the projects with dams stagnate the source of increasing development of the solids, verifying that the expansion of the extensive infrastructures, such as dams, generates the suspended matter presence, compared to outlet water at the discharge stage, these materials are clay, silt, organic material, vegetation decomposition, and living bodies such as algae, snails, and floating plants that produce opacity, which is the reason for the color difference in the samples. It recommends monthly sustainability plans for all hydropower projects to check the water conditions and ecosystems, monitoring climate behavior to issue improvements or fixes continuously.
Firms and Households during the Pandemic: What Do We Learn from Their Electricity Consumption?
Authors: Bover Olympia , Fabra Natalia , García-Uribe Sandra , Lacuesta Aitor , Ramos Roberto
Published: June 2022

We analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on electricity consumption patterns. We highlight the importance of decomposing total electricity consumption into consumption by firms and by households to better understand the economic and social impacts of the crisis. While electricity demand by firms has fallen substantially, the demand by households has gone up. In particular, our focus is on Spain where, during the total lockdown, these effects reached −29% and +10% respectively, controlling for temperature and seasonality. While the electricity demand reductions during the second wave were milder, the demand by firms remained 5% below its normal levels. We also document a change in people's daily routines in response to the stringency of the lockdown measures, as reflected in their hourly electricity consumption patterns.
What Duality Theory Tells Us About Giving Market Operators the Authority to Dispatch Energy Storage
Authors: Jiang Yuzhou , Sioshansi Ramteen
Published: June 2022

There is a debate about which entity should have the authority to dispatch energy storage that participates in restructured wholesale electricity markets. Some stakeholders raise concerns that market operators’ independence can be threatened if they make operational decisions for energy storage. The rationale that underlies this concern is that operating energy storage can affect the balance of the system and price formation. We demonstrate that having market operators make operational decisions for energy storage does not change the fundamental nature of the optimal-power-flow problem. Using duality theory, we show that if market operators co-optimize the operation of energy storage with that of generators and transmission, the optimal-power-flow problem yields short-run dispatch support and incentive compatibility and long-run efficiency. These findings are analogous to those for having market operators co-optimize transmission use with generator dispatch. Our work suggests that concerns around giving market operators the authority to dispatch energy storage are misplaced.
Covid-19 Salgın Sürecinde Kaygı Düzeyi ve Beslenme Tutumu İlişkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: DALMAZ Merve , ŞAHİN Sezgül
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı covid-19 pandemi sürecinde bireylerin kaygı düzeyi ve beslenme tutumu ilişkisini incelemektir. İstanbul’da ikamet eden 20 ile 65 yaş arası bireyler araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya 276 kadın ve 176 erkek olmak üzere 452 kişi katılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi formu, Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği ve Hollanda Yeme Davranışı Anketi kullanılmıştır. Kişisel bilgi formunda demografik bilgileri içeren sorulara ek olarak Covid-19 ile ilgili haberleri takip etme sıklığı, alınan tedbirler ve endişelenme nedeni gibi sorulara da yer verilmiştir. Verilerin analizi SPSS 20.0 paket programı ile yapılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde Mann Whitney U testi ve Spearman Korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre kadınların anksiyete düzeyleri erkeklerin aksiyete düzeylerine göre daha yüksektir. Kısıtlayıcı yeme ile anksiyete arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Dışsal yeme ile anksiyete arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Fakat duygusal yeme ile anksiyete arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunamamıştır. Evde kalınan süre boyunca gıdaya erişim kolaylığının ve evde geçirilen zamanın uzamasının, mevcut kaygı düzeyi ile birlikte dışsal yeme tutumunu ve kısıtlayıcı yeme tutumunu tetiklediği düşünülmektedir.
Att amma eller inte amma - ett problem i 1700-talets litteratur och verklighet
Authors: Sjöblad Christina
Published: June 2022

Starting with the diary written in the 1740's by Christina Hiärne, a member of the Swedish bourgeoisie, problems related to breast feeding and the role of the mother in the mid-18th-century are discussed. Christina Hiärne handed her firstborn over to a wet-nurse. Circumstances in Sweden, treated for example in the thesis of A. Brändström, are compared to the ones described in the wellknown studies by P. Aries and E. Badinter on the situation of children in 18th-century France. Different points of view in catholic and Protestant congregations are focused upon and the position of the church as regards the role of women are compared to populär and ingrained beliefs. Altogether, a complicated pattern of different cultural, classrelated and local traditions appears and the efforts from the point of view of the authorities to decrease infant mortality in Sweden and France are illustrated. In conclusion the populär novel Pamela (1740-42) by Richardson is used to exemplify how family relations were affected when Pamela's husband forbids her to breast-feed their firstborn child.
Shakespeares Paradox
Authors: Saks Sarah-Lizzie
Published: June 2022

Starting with four postulates, this artide (somewhat sweepingly) demonstrates how the paradox of Shakespeare, the discrepancies of his time, become our paradox and our discrepancies. So have for instance the young Elizabethan gallants been replaced by "the middleaged woman". Institutionalized theatre is part of the patriarchal tradition. Creativity and flexibility is mostly found within free theatre groups. Burning issues pertaining to the theatre tend to be the same over the centuries; what was passionately discussed during Elizabethan times is still being discussed, albeit with a different slant. Although the tone superficially can sound different, it is the same conventions and implications, political as well as artistical, that are discussed.
Gränsöverskridande kvinnor och svenska män
Authors: Fur Gunlög
Published: June 2022

Hur ser sambanden mellan kön, makt och ras ut i mötet mellan samisk och svensk kultur? Samer tänkte knappast detsamma som svenska lärde om kön, kropp och sexualitet. I Gunlög Furs artikel kan du läsa om lapp-Gunnils och Carl Lapps möte med den svenska rättvisan.
Reproduktion och könsdikotomisering
Authors: Svalastog Anna Lydia
Published: June 2022

I den här artikeln diskuterar Anna Lydia Svalastog kopplingen mellan reproduktionen och antaganden och två dikotoma kön. Diskussionen har utgångspunkt i analyser av intervjuer med kvinnor och män om abort och prevention, och problematisear uppfattningar om reproduktionens roll i olika feministiska könstermer.
Sotaränkors överlevnadsstrategier i Stockholm
Authors: Peterson Gunilla
Published: June 2022

The artide analyses female chimney sweeps' survival strategies from 1700 to 1925 in a labour märket organised for men. The sources for this investigation are pro-memoria from and petitions to authorities in the city of Stockholm as well as parish records and probates. In the article it is shown that women could manage very well the trade for years even if the sources give information about conflicts between these women and their employees or their customers. Before 1733 there were women in the guilds. After this a woman could take over a workshop and act independently only when she became a widow. The widows were elever at negotiating with the local courts and acquired commissions to sweep the chimneys belonging to the city. Under the guilds a widow who remarried with a journeyman maintained control over the workshop. Since he was automatically transformed into a master she could act for herself and manage the workshop with his assistance. A common strategy for keeping the power in a family was to set up chains of marriages and remarriages including those of sons and daughters-in-law. The longest chain joined a chimney sweep from 1789 to a widow of a chimtiey-sweep in 1923. As the institutional framework changed so did the opportunities for female workers in the trade. The labour märket was in fact designed to favour men and when the guilds were dissolved in the 19th century the opportunity for women to continue with their husband's workshops finally disappeared.
Den omöjliga kvinnligheten
Authors: Göthlund Anette
Published: June 2022

Although there are pictures of men and women with erotic or sexual overtones in many visual genres the focus of this article is on fashion images. In our current research project, The Different Worlds of Fashion Images - Fashion Photography as Imagery and Communication, my colleague Anna Tellgren and I have focused on fashion imagery in our culture because it plays such an important role in our everyday visual experience. Moreover fashion photography has a long tradition of creating iconographic conventions in the representation of the female body, which have become a part of our understanding of the appearance of the female. Fashion photography can be studied, as can advertisements and art, as a visual discourse that demonstrates woman's role as a sign. In this paper I demonstrate that the manner in which fashion photography represents woman and femininity is part of a pictorial tradition. I show how an essential quality in art history, as well as in the photographic mediums own history, is the objectifying of the female body. The photograph has also served as a crucial agent in establishing links between consumer culture and sexualized images of women. In present day fashion photographs we frequently encounter a type of femininity constructed out of conflicting visual signs that either literally or symbolically combine the virginal body of the young girl with the sex appeal of a mature woman. I argue that this 'impossible' femininity is a construction that may give rise to feelings of ambivalence in or be rejected by female and by male viewers, although I also suggest that the male viewer observing this image from a secure position may be tempted by it. I maintain too that because this image of 'impossible' femininity denotes a totally fictitious woman she presents no real threat.