bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arc-arc amalgamation during accretionary orogenesis: Insights from mid-Paleozoic tectono-magmatic records in eastern Junggar, NW China
Authors: Li Di , Han Yigui , He Dengfa , Hou Shuoqin , Zhen Yu , Yang Hao
Published: January 2024

Arc-arc amalgamation occurs during the evolution of composite orogens at convergent plate margins and plays a critical role in controlling accretionary patterns and processes. The eastern Junggar terrane in the southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt underwent a long-lived subduction-accretion process in the Paleozoic, but whether and how the Yemaquan and Dananhu-Harlik arcs were amalgamated remain debatable. A systematic U-Pb–Hf-O isotopic study was conducted on zircons from Silurian granitic rocks in the Yemaquan arc. The U-Pb dating results suggest that these rocks were emplaced at 433–422 Ma and inherited abundant 536–435 Ma zircons representing a predominant magmatic episode in the Yemaquan arc. Their positive εHf(t) values and young Hf model ages indicate that the Yemaquan arc is dominated by juvenile basement with significant crustal growth during the Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic. The variations in zircon Eu/Eu*, εHf(t), and δ18O values reveal that the Yemaquan arc experienced remarkable crustal thickening and remobilization at ca. 450 Ma, similar to the northern Dananhu-Harlik arc, and this was followed by extension that initiated at ca. 420 Ma. These features support the amalgamation of these two arcs occurring ca. 450–420 Ma. Integrated with regional data, we correlated this amalgamation event in the eastern Junggar terrane with the orogenic event in the Chinese Altai terrane, and we propose a middle Paleozoic tectonic evolution model in the eastern Junggar–Altai area from arc assembly to dispersal in association with a transition in accretionary mode. This scenario probably took place as a response to plate reorganization during the breakup of the northern margin of Gondwana.
Electric Area Conservation Rule and the Validity of Some Models of Subcycle Pulse Propagation
Authors: Pakhomov A. V. , Rosanov N. N. , Arkhipov M. V. , Arkhipov R. M.
Published: January 2024

The validity issues of some approximations widely used to describe subcycle pulse propagation in various non-magnetic media are addressed. As the validity criteria we apply the fundamental electric area conservation rule, which directly follows from Maxwell’s equations in the 1D case. The general relations are derived for the possible values of the electric area in different media. It is shown that several theoretical models do not in general comply with the electric area conservation rule, which implies their limited applicability to correctly describe the subcycle pulse interaction with media. Therefore, any results obtained using such models cannot be taken as scientifically valid and meaningful.
Non-pharmacological interventions to support coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patient recovery following discharge: protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Billard Justin Nathan , Wells Robert , Farrell Alison , Curran Janet A , Sheppard Gillian
Published: January 2024

Background

In Canada, approximately 15 000 people undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) each year. However, 9.5% of these patients are urgently readmitted to hospital within 30 days of surgery. Postoperative interventions following discharge play an important role in reducing readmissions and improving CABG patient outcomes. Therefore, it is important to determine effective interventions available to enhance CABG patient recovery following postoperative discharge.

Objectives

Our scoping review aims to identify non-pharmacological interventions available to support recovery of patients who are discharged after CABG in the community setting.

Methods

The methodological framework described by Arksey and O’Malley will be applied to this review. Our search strategy will include electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and CINAHL), and studies will be screened and reviewed by two independent reviewers. Studies looking at non-pharmacological interventions targeting patients who are discharged after CABG will be included. Preliminary searches were conducted March 2022 and following abstract screening, full-text screening was completed May 2023. Data extraction is planned to begin September 2023 with an expected finish date of October 2023. The study is expected to be completed by January 2024.

Ethics and dissemination

This scoping review will retrieve and analyse previously published studies in which informed consent was obtained by primary investigators. Therefore, no ethical review or approval will be required. This scoping review aims to enumerate available non-pharmacological interventions to support recovery of patients who are discharged after CABG and identify gaps in postoperative recovery after discharge to support the development of innovative and targeted interventions. On completion of this review, we will ensure broad dissemination of our findings through peer-reviewed, open-access journals, conference presentations and hold meetings to engage stakeholders, including clinicians, policy makers and others.
Comparative analysis of immune infiltrates in head and neck cancers across anatomical sites
Authors: Muijlwijk Tara , Nijenhuis Dennis N L M , Ganzevles Sonja H , Brink Arjen , Ke Changlin , Fass Joseph N , Rajamanickam Venkatesh , Leemans C René , Koguchi Yoshinobu , Fox Bernard A , Poell Jos B , Brakenhoff Ruud H , van de Ven Rieneke
Published: January 2024

Background

The response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) receptor is 13%–18% for patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Detailed understanding of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is crucial in order to explain and improve this response rate. HNSCCs arise at various anatomical locations including the oral cavity, hypopharynx, larynx and oropharynx. Studies directly comparing immune infiltration between anatomical sites are scarce. Since the distinct locations could drive deviating microenvironments, we questioned whether the immune composition varies across these HNSCC sites.

Methods

Here, we characterized the TIME of 76 fresh tumor specimens using flow cytometry and performed single-cell RNA-sequencing on nine head and neck tumor samples.

Results

We found major differences in the composition of the TIME between patients. When comparing anatomical sites: tumors originating from the oral cavity had higher T cell infiltrates than tumors from other anatomical sites. The percentage of tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes positive for the immune checkpoint PD-1 varied considerably between patients, with the highest fraction of PD-1+ T cells found in larynx squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). While we had hypothesized that the anatomical sites of tumor origin would drive sample clustering, our data showed that the type of TIME was more dominant and was particularly driven by the fraction of T cells positive for PD-1. Moreover, a high proportion of PD-1+ CD8+ T cells associated with an improved overall survival. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing, we observed that PD-1 expression was highest in the CD8-ENTPD1 tissue resident memory T cell/exhausted T cell and CD4-CXCL13 type 1 T helper cell clusters.

Conclusions

We found that oral cavity SCCs had the highest frequencies of T cells. We also observed considerable interpatient heterogeneity for PD-1 on T cells, with noticeably higher frequencies of PD-1+ CD4+ T helper cells in larynx SCCs. Within the entire cohort, a higher fraction of CD8+ T cells positive for PD-1 was linked to improved overall survival. Whether the fraction of PD-1+ T cells within the TIME enables immune checkpoint inhibitor response prediction for patients with head and neck cancer remains to be determined.
CCR5andCCL5gene expression in colorectal cancer: comprehensive profiling and clinical value
Authors: Battaglin Francesca , Baca Yasmine , Millstein Joshua , Yang Yan , Xiu Joanne , Arai Hiroyuki , Wang Jingyuan , Ou Fang-Shu , Innocenti Federico , Mumenthaler Shannon M , Jayachandran Priya , Kawanishi Natsuko , Lenz Annika , Soni Shivani , Algaze Sandra , Zhang Wu , Khoukaz Taline , Roussos Torres Evanthia , Seeber Andreas , Abraham Jim P , Lou Emil , Philip Philip A , Weinberg Benjamin A , Shields Anthony F , Goldberg Richard M , Marshall John L , Venook Alan P , Korn W Michael , Lenz Heinz-Josef
Published: January 2024

Background

The C-C motif chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5)/C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) axis plays a major role in colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to characterize the molecular features associated withCCR5/CCL5expression in CRC and to determine whetherCCR5/CCL5levels could impact treatment outcomes.

Methods

7604 CRCs tested with NextGen Sequencing on DNA and RNA were analyzed. Molecular features were evaluated according toCCR5andCCL5tumor gene expression quartiles. The impact on treatment outcomes was assessed in two cohorts, including 6341 real-world patients and 429 patients from the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB)/SWOG 80405 trial.

Results

CCR5/CCL5expression was higher in right-sided versus left-sided tumors, and positively associated with consensus molecular subtypes 1 and 4. HigherCCR5/CCL5expression was associated with higher tumor mutational burden, deficiency in mismatch repair and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) levels. Additionally, highCCR5/CCL5were associated with higher immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of MMR proficient tumors. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed upregulation of the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 cancer immunotherapy pathway, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) signaling, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) signaling in cytotoxic T lymphocytes, whereas several inflammation-related pathways were downregulated. LowCCR5/CCL5expression was associated with increased benefit from cetuximab-FOLFOX treatment in the CALGB/SWOG 80405 trial, where significant treatment interaction was observed with biologic agents and chemotherapy backbone.

Conclusions

Our data show a strong association betweenCCR5/CCL5gene expression and distinct molecular features, gene expression profiles, TME cell infiltration, and treatment benefit in CRC. Targeting the CCR5/CCL5 axis may have clinical applications in selected CRC subgroups and may play a key role in developing and deploying strategies to modulate the immune TME for CRC treatment.
Performance of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Impact of Disease (RAID) score in relation to flares in disease activity
Authors: Holten Karen , Paulshus Sundlisæter Nina , Sexton Joseph , Nordberg Lena Bugge , Uhlig Till , Kvien Tore K , Solomon Daniel H , Haavardsholm Espen A , Lillegraven Siri , Aga Anna-Birgitte
Published: January 2024

Objectives

To explore the performance of the EULAR-initiated patient-reported Rheumatoid Arthritis Impact of Disease (RAID) questionnaire in relation to flares in disease activity, including comparison with other disease activity outcomes.

Methods

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis in sustained remission were randomised to continued stable treatment or tapering in the ARCTIC REWIND project. In patients with flares within 12 months, we compared RAID (total score and components) at the flare visit with the visit prior to and the visit following flare, using Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Similar analyses were performed for patient global assessment, Disease Activity Score (DAS) and C reactive protein (CRP). The discriminative accuracies of RAID, patient global assessment, DAS and CRP with respect to disease activity flares were assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses based on logistic regression models. Flare was defined as a combination of DAS >1.6, a DAS increase ≥0.6 and ≥two swollen joints (of 44 examined) or could be recorded if patient and rheumatologist agreed that a clinically significant flare had occurred.

Results

In total, 248 patients were included in the analyses, with 56 flares. RAID, patient global assessment, DAS and CRP all changed significantly at the visits related to flare (p<0.001). Area under the curve (95% CI) values indicated that RAID (0.88 (0.83 to 0.93)) was significantly more accurate than CRP (0.76 (0.69 to 0.84)) in discriminating flare, and less accurate than patient global assessment (0.92 (0.87 to 0.97)) and DAS (0.94 (0.90 to 0.98)). The RAID components with highest and lowest discriminative accuracies were pain (0.91 (0.86 to 0.95)) and sleep (0.69 (0.59 to 0.79)).

Conclusion

Disease activity flares were associated with a significant increase in median RAID, supporting its ability to respond to flare.

Trial registration number

NCT01881308.
Early life involvement in food skills is associated with children’s cooking skills: a longitudinal analysis
Authors: Sahye-Pudaruth Sandhya , Ma David W.L. , Prashad Michael , Haines Jess ,   Guelph Family Health Study
Published: January 2024

Engaging young children in food skills such as food planning and preparation early in life may be an important predictor of later child cooking skills. The aim of this study was to examine whether early life involvement in food skills (mean age at baseline = 3.6 years) is prospectively associated with cooking skills among a sample of 60 children (mean age at follow-up = 10.0 years; 83% White) from the Guelph Family Health Study, an ongoing cohort study examining the effect of a home-based obesity prevention intervention. Early life involvement in food skills, i.e., child involvement in grocery shopping and meal preparation, was reported by parents at baseline. Children self-reported their cooking skills at follow-up. After adjusting for child age, child sex, parent age, household income, and intervention status, early life involvement in food skills was significantly associated with later child cooking skills (β = 0.24, 95% CI (0.02–0.45), p = 0.03). Future studies with larger and more socioeconomically, geographically, and racially diverse samples are needed to confirm these findings.
Medium-range structure modifications induced by Fe3+/Fetot. in volcanic glasses: a low-frequency Raman spectroscopy study
Authors: Cassetta Michele
Published: January 2024

Here is carried out a Raman scattering study on the boson peak evolution of an iron-rich peralkaline rhyolite in function of both the iron oxidation state and the glass transition temperature. ﻿It is reported here that the distribution of low-frequency modes in the boson peak range is only slightly affected for an iron ratio (Fe3+/Fetot.) from 0.83 down to 0.24. ﻿Their distribution does not change in the boson peak range as a function of Fe3+/Fetot., until the reduction process starts to modify the glass network from a dominantly fourfold coordinated Fe3+ structures into a structure mostly governed by fivefold coordinated Fe2+. This trend is also related to a decreasing glass transition temperature peak, mirroring an increasing proportion of weakest bonds with respect to the stronger ones.
Formation of layered nanofibric materials and composite coatings
Authors: Khakkulov J. M. , Temirov Z. Sh. , Matyakubov B. M. , Sultanov A. P.
Published: January 2024

Using an electrospinning device, we determined the optimal conditions for producing nanofibers from a 10% solution of Co–AN. These conditions involved applying a 15[Formula: see text]kV voltage to the anode, which was connected to the syringe containing the solution, and maintaining a distance of 12–15[Formula: see text]cm from the needle tip to the collector screen (cathode). The filament diameter (d) ranged from 0.2 to 0.5[Formula: see text]mm. This setup allowed the formation of nanofibers under the cover. The electrolysis process was conducted for varying durations, ranging from 4 to 14[Formula: see text]h, while applying currents of 2[Formula: see text]mA, 4[Formula: see text]mA, and 8[Formula: see text]mA. At 4[Formula: see text]mA and 8[Formula: see text]mA, a substantial portion (approximately 65–70%) of the macroions in the solution reassembled on the electrode surfaces. These images clearly illustrate the restoration of macroions on the electrode surfaces, achieved through electron exchange processes. This phenomenon results in the combination of macroions and their neutralization, leading to the formation of a composite coating on the titanium, iron plate, and rods.
Electronic and optical properties of rare earth tetraborides RB4 (R=ND, TB, DY, and ER): First-principles calculations
Authors: Han Xing , Wang Jian , He Zhijun
Published: January 2024

The electronic structures and optical properties of tetraborides RB4 ([Formula: see text], Tb, Dy, and Er) are systematically investigated through the first-principles technique. The band structure and density of states (DOS) show that RM4 has metal and magnetic characteristics. The DOS near the Fermi is dominated by R-4f states, which are responsible for the magnetic moments. The optical properties including refractive index, conductivity, absorptivity, reflectivity, and loss function are obtained based on the complex dielectric functions. The static dielectric constants and static refractive are presented. The absorptivity results indicate that tetraborides exhibit excellent optical absorption in the ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) regions. The reflectivity shows that RB4 is an ideal near-infrared reflective material. This study provides theoretical insights into the optical applications of tetraborides.
Non-uniform heat source or sink on the radiated and thermophoretic flow of slender body of paraboloid and cone revolutions in a saturated medium with Brownian motion
Authors: Alsaud Huda , Alammari Maha
Published: January 2024

Heat and mass transfer acquired the attention of investigators and experts because of massive uses in the field of medicine, manufacturing of modern aircrafts, uses in advanced water filtration plants, distillation process of water, more efficient electronic instruments, more efficient batteries, textile industry, uses as manufacturer in cosmetics industry and modern defense equipment. By viewing this, we considered the numerical study of Fourier flux and buoyancy driven forces on the flow of thermal and diffusion transmission of body revolutions (Paraboloid and cone), situated in a water-logged Darcy medium by allowing the radiation, Brownian motion, time-space dependent heat source or sink, and thermopheretic. Later on, the governing system is solved via Runge–Kutta method. Properties of convoluted governing measures of the organisms on local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers along with velocity, thermal and diffusion shapes are described with the aid of graphically and tabular form. It is stimulating to declare that the non-uniform heat source or sink is highly dominated in cone form of revolution as associated to paraboloid form of flow due to more distribution of mass transfer. From this, one can draw the conclusion that wherever there are higher mass transportation phenomena, cone-shaped body of revolution can be used. It is found that the time- and space-dependent heat source or sink performs as a regulating factor of the transmission of flow phenomena.
Area-Efficient and Wideband Tunable Quadrature Colpitts Oscillator with Active Inductors
Authors: Ebrahimi Atefeh , Hosseini Sadegh , Ebrahimi Emad
Published: January 2024

This study presents a new wide-tunable, area-efficient and low-phase noise quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator(QVCO). Initially, a modified Colpitts voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) is proposed in which all transistors are cross-connected in a self-biased scheme to increase negative resistance and facilitate the startup condition. Besides, instead of a passive inductor, a modified tunable active inducer (AI) is used in the proposed Colpitts VCO. Then a new AI-based QVCO is presented by the in-phase anti-phase coupling of two identical Colpitts VCOs. The core VCOs are coupled by the current source transistors of the AI and in this way, no extra coupling devices are used. The proposed AI-based QVCO is designed and simulated in TSMC [Formula: see text] CMOS technology by Cadence. Post-layout simulation results show that the proposed QVCO occupies only [Formula: see text] of chip area, and has a phase noise of −106.6[Formula: see text]dBc/Hz at 1[Formula: see text]MHz offset from the 0.7[Formula: see text]GHz oscillation frequency. A wide frequency tuning range (FTR) of 68% (i.e., 0.68–1.4[Formula: see text]GHz) is achieved by adjusting the tuning voltage of the active inductor (AI), and the total power consumption is 7.2[Formula: see text]mW. Coarse and fine frequency tuning of the QVCO is available by changing the emulated inductors and varactors, respectively, that gives [Formula: see text] of 1100 and 34[Formula: see text]MHz/V, respectively.
The thirty meter telescope at mount Mauna Kea: A long history of its developments
Authors: Singha Rishab , Ray Soham , Mishra Nirbhay , Ray Saibal
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we present the historical background of the Thirty-Meter Telescope at Mount Mauna Kea and a few facts regarding scientific advancement. However, we will not focus on any politically motivated matters and ethical issues, rather our sincere concern is to highlight the overall history, philosophy, science and technology which have prevailed for any civilized advancement of the society.
Beyond the International Entrepreneurial Orientation–International Performance Nexus: Early or Late Internationalisation of SMEs?
Authors: Catanzaro Alexis , Omri Waleed
Published: January 2024

Currently, knowledge around the role of international entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) on different types of internationalisation is limited. This study aims to unveil whether and how IEO can improve international performance by focusing on the model adopted in the internationalisation process (a traditional versus born global model). Data were collected from 221 internationalised French small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and analysed using a structural equation model. The results highlight that IEO had a significant positive effect on both international economic performance and export turnover for born globals, but not older firms. When we consider the IEO subdimensions, the findings show a stronger positive impact of both international proactiveness and innovativeness on the number of foreign markets and on export turnover for born globals. The study guides international SME managers on why and how they should adjust the IEO of their firms according to their internationalisation models to achieve superior performance internationally.
Generalized Thermoelasticity of Two-Dimensional Bounded Media Under Moving Heat Source: A Meshless Approach
Authors: Liu Xiaofei , Pan Feng , Zhou Dapeng
Published: January 2024

In this work, the coupled generalized thermoelasticity of two-dimensional finite domain subjected to moving heat source is investigated. The generalized thermoelasticity is based on Lord–Shulman (LS) theory, and the moving heat source is considered to move along the [Formula: see text]-axis at the middle of the domain with constant velocity. The meshless method, because of continuous moving of approximations over the problem domain, is the best numerical method for problems with moving loads. So, for solving the governing equations, the meshless Galerkin weak form is employed. In the applied meshless method, the moving least square (MLS) shape functions are used for approximating the field variables in each influence domain. Also, for solving the final equations in the time domain, the Newmark time marching method is used. The results show that a moving source with a velocity equal to the temperature’s wave speed exhibit the maximum peak values of temperature, displacement and stress in the domain, and when the temperature wave speed and the elastic wave speed are equal, the moving heat source at this speed drastically increases the peak values of stress, displacement and temperature.
Modularity conditions in Leibniz algebras
Authors: Páez-Guillán Pilar , Siciliano Salvatore , Towers David A.
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we continue the study of the subalgebra lattice of a Leibniz algebra. In particular, we find out that solvable Leibniz algebras with an upper semi-modular lattice are either almost-abelian or have an abelian ideal spanned by the elements with square zero. We also study Leibniz algebras in which every subalgebra is a weak quasi-ideal, as well as modular symmetric Leibniz algebras.
Uncertainties of Surface Roughness and Tool Wear in Machining of AISI 4140 Alloy Steel
Authors: Ghosh Shuvajit , Mandal Nirmal Kumar
Published: January 2024

Uncertainty is the probability of statistical dispersion of a quantity from the desired value. Every manufacturing process has some types of uncertainties. In this investigation, individual, combined and expanded uncertainties of surface roughness and tool wear in machining of AISI 4140 alloy steel are quantified and compared. First, the individual and combined uncertainty of two responses namely tool wear, and surface roughness are measured using a deterministic method called the law of propagation of uncertainties (LPUs), and the principal contributors to uncertainties are identified. This method produces uncertainty of surface roughness as 0.1162[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m and that of tool wear as 7.4036[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m. It is further observed that cutting speed contributes 77.946% and 57.4853% on overall uncertainties for surface roughness and tool wear respectively. A stochastic method called Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) technique is further employed using 100,000 no. of iterations to compute the uncertainties in surface roughness and tool wear. This method produces uncertainties as 0.0581[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m and 3.687[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m in surface roughness and tool wear respectively. The results obtained from the deterministic model (LPU) and the stochastic model (MCS) are compared and it is observed that the MCS method is more reliable and accurate than the LPU method.
Artificial Intelligence-Based Damage Identification Method Using Principal Component Analysis with Spatial and Multi-Scale Temporal Windows
Authors: Zhang Ge , Sun Hui , Liu Zejia , Zhou Licheng , Chen Gongfa , Tang Liqun , Cui Fangsen
Published: January 2024

Previous studies have demonstrated the superior damage identification performance of the double-window principal component analysis (DWPCA) method over traditional PCA methods and other traditional techniques, such as wavelet and regression analysis. DWPCA uses temporal windows to discriminate structural states and spatial windows to exclude damage-insensitive responses, making it more effective for damage identification. However, determining the optimal temporal window scale and its impact on damage identification performance still remains unclear. In this study, different scales of temporal windows, including yearly, seasonal and monthly windows, are employed to obtain corresponding damage features, i.e., eigenvectors derived from DWPCA. These damage-sensitive eigenvectors from various temporal windows are then used as inputs for artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to localize and quantify damages. In this paper two types of AI algorithms are employed: random forest (RF) and bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU). A numerical study using a benchmark model is used to evaluate the contribution of the eigenvector of each temporal scale to damage identification. The results demonstrate that the combined DWPCA eigenvectors [Formula: see text] from the three temporal windows effectively enhance the AI-based damage identification capability. Besides, AI algorithm with [Formula: see text] can have high accuracy exceeding 95% under limited training data sets and strong noise. Additionally, when DWPCA eigenvectors from monthly or seasonal windows as inputs, which is both sensitive to damages and noise, the BiGRU also achieves high accuracy of over 90% for damage identification, due to its advantages in feature extraction. These findings suggest that the proposed approach has significant potential for real-life structural health monitoring applications.
DISENTANGLING THE INNOVATION ORIENTATION, INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL, AND DYNAMIC INNOVATION CAPABILITY RELATIONSHIPS IN EMERGING ECONOMY START-UPS
Authors: KARADAĞ HANDE , SAHIN FARUK , MATEMANE REON
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Based on the Dynamic Capabilities View (DCV) and Knowledge-based View (KBV), this study investigates the relationships between intellectual capital (IC) resources and dynamic innovation capabilities in the context of new ventures.

Design/methodology/approach: Data for the study is collected from 311 start-up firms in Turkey and is analysed via Structural Equation Modelling.

Findings: The results indicate that the effects of human capital and social capital on dynamic innovation capability are fully mediated by innovation orientation (IO). Besides, dynamic innovation capability is found to be strongly associated with innovation performance.

Practical implications: In the study, IO is suggested as a useful mechanism for encouraging the deployment of an innovation focus in all functions of a firm for attaining long-term sustained competitiveness. Thereby, the findings are expected to present important implications for start-up founders and policy-makers, by highlighting the importance of knowledge management and investing in human and social capital resources for generating the capability to innovate.

Originality/value: The most significant contribution of the study is the development of a model suggesting IO as a mediating variable between the IC resources and dynamic innovation capability relationship in the context of start-up firms. Furthermore, the findings indicate a positive and significant association between the dynamic innovation capability and innovation performance in these economic units.
DISRUPTIVE AND SUSTAINING INNOVATION: DO THEY MATTER FOR TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY IN A FIRM’S PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY?
Authors: ADEWUMI OLUGBENGA MICHAEL , LIEN GUDBRAND , MYDLAND ØRJAN
Published: January 2024

This study explores the influence of disruptive and sustaining innovation on the technical efficiency of Norwegian firms and its implications for production efficiency. It employs stochastic frontier analysis with unbalanced panel data from manufacturing (7,056 observations) and service firms (6,066 observations). The results show that the individual effects of sustaining and disruptive innovation improve technical efficiency in firms’ production technologies with a superior effect from sustaining innovation. Additionally, it reveals that while hybridisation can be more beneficial for technical efficiency in manufacturing firms, service firms benefit more from sustaining innovation. In summary, it highlights that disruptive and sustaining innovation can optimize firms’ technical efficiency, and the specific effects vary by industry. Furthermore, the results indicate that manufacturing firms may respond to disruption effectively through hybridisation. Thus, the study contributes to the literature on innovation and business performance studies and provides valuable insights for business managers on strategic innovation management with production efficiency implications.
Review for Novel 2DEG Based on Diverse Oxide Substrates
Authors: Yin Hang , Wang Shuanhu , Jin Kexin
Published: January 2024

The two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) residing at complex oxide interfaces has been drawing considerable interests due to its abundant physical characteristics. Moreover, it exhibits a response towards diverse external stimuli and a correlation among different freedoms, like spin, lattice, orbital charge, etc. The most studied objects are SrTiO3 (STO) and KTaO3 (KTO)-based heterointerfaces (HIs), which fully utilize their [Formula: see text]-orbital characteristics. On the other hand, other oxides may also have enough potential to host 2DEG. Here, an investigation has been done for those oxide-based 2DEGs. Five series of oxides are investigated, including stannate oxide, niobate oxide, scandate oxide, germanate oxide and some simple oxides. Most existing works of such novel oxide substrates rely on theoretical prediction severely, while experimentally achieving them still needs much effort. On the other hand, some so-called substrates need to be grown on other solid substrates first. However, proper surface treatment would be a useful way to overcome the difficulties and develop the potential of such novel oxide substrates. These probable series of oxide-conducting HIs will not only be a great breakthrough for the [Formula: see text]-orbital-based oxide 2DEG systems but may also hold diverse novel physical phenomena, thus pointing out the route for further development of research and fabrication on oxide electronic devices. Hence, we believe a review of the existing works will be meaningful for stepping across the threshold toward the new era of all-oxide electronics.
MCFNet: Multi-Attentional Class Feature Augmentation Network for Real-Time Scene Parsing
Authors: Wang Xizhong , Liu Rui , Yang Xin , Zhang Qiang , Zhou Dongsheng
Published: January 2024

For real-time scene parsing tasks, capturing multi-scale semantic features and performing effective feature fusion is crucial. However, many existing solutions ignore stripe-shaped things like poles, traffic lights and are so computationally expensive that cannot meet the high real-time requirements. This article presents a novel model, the Multi-Attention Class Feature Augmentation Network (MCFNet) to address this challenge. MCFNet is designed to capture long-range dependencies across different scales with low computational cost and to perform a weighted fusion of feature maps. It features the BAM (Strip Matrix Based Attention Module) for extracting strip objects in images. The BAM module replaces the conventional self-attention method using square matrices with strip matrices, which allows it to focus more on strip objects while reducing computation. Additionally, MCFNet has a parallel branch that focuses on global information based on self-attention to avoid wasting computation. The two branches are merged to enhance the performance of traditional self-attention modules. Experimental results on two mainstream datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of MCFNet. On the Camvid and Cityscapes test sets, MCFNet achieved 207.5 FPS/73.5% mIoU and 136.1 FPS/71.63% mIoU, respectively. The experiments show that MCFNet outperforms other models on the Camvid dataset and can significantly improve the performance of real-time scene parsing tasks.
An Instruction Inflation Analyzing Framework for Dynamic Binary Translators
Authors: Xie Benyi , Yan Yue , Yan Chenghao , Tao Sicheng , Zhang Zhuangzhuang , Li Xinyu , Lan Yanzhi , Wu Xiang , Liu Tianyi , Zhang Tingting , Zhang Fuxin
Published: January 2024

Dynamic binary translators (DBTs) are widely used to migrate applications between different instruction set architectures (ISAs). Despite extensive research to improve DBT performance, noticeable overhead remains, preventing near-native performance, especially when translating from complex instruction set computer (CISC) to reduced instruction set computer (RISC). For computational workloads, the main overhead stems from translated code quality. Experimental data show that state-of-the-art DBT products have dynamic code inflation of at least 1.46. This indicates that on average, more than 1.46 host instructions are needed to emulate one guest instruction. Worse, inflation closely correlates with translated code quality. However, the detailed sources of instruction inflation remain unclear.

To understand the sources of inflation, we present
Deflater
, an instruction inflation analysis framework comprising a mathematical model, a collection of black-box unit tests called
BenchMIAOes
, and a trace-based simulator called
InflatSim
. The mathematical model calculates overall inflation based on the inflation of individual instructions and translation block optimizations. BenchMIAOes extract model parameters from DBTs without accessing DBT source code. InflatSim implements the model and uses the extracted parameters from BenchMIAOes to simulate a given DBT’s behavior. Deflater is a valuable tool to guide DBT analysis and improvement. Using Deflater, we simulated inflation for three state-of-the-art CISC-to-RISC DBTs: ExaGear, Rosetta2, and LATX, with inflation errors of 5.63%, 5.15%, and 3.44%, respectively for SPEC CPU 2017, gaining insights into these commercial DBTs. Deflater also efficiently models inflation for the open source DBT QEMU and suggests optimizations that can substantially reduce inflation. Implementing the suggested optimizations confirms Deflater’s effective guidance, with 4.65% inflation error, and gains 5.47x performance improvement.
Treatment of Eating Disorders: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: Grilo Carlos M.
Published: January 2024

Specific psychological treatments have demonstrated efficacy and represent the first-line approaches recommended for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder. Unfortunately, many patients, particularly those with anorexia nervosa, do not derive sufficient benefit from existing treatments, and better or alternative treatments for eating disorders are needed. Less progress has been made in developing pharmacologic options for eating disorders. No medications approved for anorexia nervosa exist, and only one each exists for bulimia nervosa and for binge-eating disorder; available data indicate that most patients fail to benefit from available medications. Longer and combined treatments have generally not enhanced outcomes. This review presents emerging findings from more complex and clinically relevant adaptive treatment designs, as they offer some clinical guidance and may serve as models for future enhanced treatment research.
Enhancing Adrenaline Sensing with Lanthanum Cuprate: A Promising Approach for a Novel Sensor
Authors: Korina Elena , Karaberova Arina , Bol’shakov Oleg , Bulatova Ekaterina , Golovin Mikhail , Abramyan Anton , Stanković Dalibor M.
Published: January 2024

Electrochemical sensing is an excellent analytical means with multiple applications. Most of the electrochemical developments are based on the novel electrochemically active substrates. A lot of them have been adopted from other fields of material science. Every new class of functional materials has impacted on the development of electroanalytical chemistry. In this view, lanthanide cuprates, a well recognized high temperature superconducting materials were considered for adrenaline sensing. Obtained from corresponding oxides, a highly crystalline La2CuO4 found to be a suitable substrate for analytical method development. It inherited sponge-like morphology common for the most of the previously reported lanthanum cuprates with narrow pore size distribution at 400–700 nm. Excellent charge mobility and low resistivity provided a carbon paste electrode with improved linearity range and low limit of detection. Repeatability and stability of the developed sensor were at satisfactory level. Sensor functionality was verified on the real samples with excellent recovery rates. With this work we suggest further development of electroanalytical methods with application of lanthanide cuprates.
Graphite-Si@TiO2 Core-Shell Nanoparticles as Composite Anode for Li-ion Batteries: Electrochemical Response
Authors: Vats Bhavya Nidhi , Gupta Raghvendra , Gupta Amit , Fatima S. , Kumar Deepak
Published: January 2024

This study focuses on optimizing composite anode through varying Si@TiO2 core–shell nanoparticles (core is silicon and shell is titania) percentages in graphite. Material characterization reveals the morphological transformation of graphite and silicon nanoparticles into composite anodes. Electrochemical tests, including cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, provide essential insights into the electrochemical behavior of these composites. In the cycling tests, graphite with 5% core–shell (GrCS5), graphite with 10% core–shell (GrCS10), and graphite with 15% core–shell (GrCS15) show initial discharge capacities of 568 mAh g−1, 675 mAh g−1, and 716 mAh g−1, retaining 76%, 75%, and 72% after 100 cycles, respectively. Conversely, the graphite with 10% bare silicon (GrSi10) composite, commencing with 728 mAh g−1, exhibits rapid degradation, retaining 54% after 100 cycles. Moreover, the EIS analysis reveals higher values of ohmic, SEI, and charge transfer resistances in GrSi10 compared to other composite anodes after 100 cycles. The examination of the lithium diffusion coefficient indicates that GrCS5 demonstrates superior lithium diffusion kinetics, displaying the highest coefficient among all composite anodes. The research objective is to identify the optimal composite anode composition through quadrant analysis, considering specific capacity and lithium diffusivity after 100 cycles. In conclusion, integrating Si@TiO2 core–shell nanoparticles in graphite anodes improves their performance, with GrCS10 demonstrating notable effectiveness.
Permissive role of vascular endothelium in fibrosis: focus on the kidney
Authors: Goligorsky Michael S.
Published: January 2024

Fibrosis, the morphologic end-result of a plethora of chronic conditions and the scorch for organ function, has been thoroughly investigated. One aspect of its development and progression, namely the permissive role of vascular endothelium, has been overshadowed by studies into (myo)fibroblasts and TGF-β; thus, it is the subject of the present review. It has been established that tensile forces of the extracellular matrix acting on cells are a prerequisite for mechanochemical coupling, leading to liberation of TGF-β and formation of myofibroblasts. Increased tensile forces are prompted by elevated vascular permeability in response to diverse stressors, resulting in the exudation of fibronectin, fibrinogen/fibrin, and other proteins, all stiffening the extracellular matrix. These processes lead to the development of endothelial cells dysfunction, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, premature senescence of endothelial cells, perturbation of blood flow, and gradual obliteration of microvasculature, leaving behind “string” vessels. The resulting microvascular rarefaction is not only a constant companion of fibrosis but also an adjunct mechanism of its progression. The deepening knowledge of the above chain of pathogenetic events involving endothelial cells, namely increased permeability–stiffening of the matrix–endothelial dysfunction–microvascular rarefaction–tissue fibrosis, may provide a roadmap for therapeutic interventions deemed to curtail and reverse fibrosis.
Paeoniflorin confers ferroptosis resistance by regulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites in diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Wu Haowei , Zhang Peipei , Zhou Jiedong , Hu Songqing , Hao Jinjin , Zhong Zuoquan , Yu Haijun , Yang Juntao , Chi Jufang , Guo Hangyuan
Published: January 2024

This study demonstrated for the first time that paeoniflorin (PA) exerts protective effects in diabetic cardiomyopathy mice by alleviating myocardial damage, resisting ferroptosis, and changing the community composition and structure of the intestinal microbiota, and 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (11,12-EET) may serve as a key contributor in its therapeutic efficacy.
Reduced surface pH and upregulated AE2 anion exchange in SLC26A3-deleted polarized intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: Amiri Mahdi , Jiang Min , Salari Azam , Xiu Renjie , Alper Seth L. , Seidler Ursula E.
Published: January 2024

SLC26A3 gene mutations cause chloride-losing diarrhea. To understand how colonic enterocytes adapt, SLC26A3 was deleted in Caco2BBe cells using CRISPR/Cas9. In comparison to the wild-type cells, SLC26A3 knockout cells showed similar growth and transepithelial resistance but substantially reduced apical Cl−/HCO3− exchange rates, and an acidic surface pH. Steady-state intracellular pH was comparable between the WT and KO cells due to increased basolateral AE2 expression and function.
Adipose biopsy techniques for studies in human exercise physiology
Authors: Lynch Colleen E. , Brandt Anna R. , Vincenty Caroline S. , Robbins Ethan , Skiles Chad , Minchev Kiril , Chambers Toby L. , Belangee Alicia , Trappe Todd A. , Trappe Scott W.
Published: January 2024

This study provides investigators with useful information related to adipose biopsy sampling approaches that can be used when planning studies that use measurements of adipose histology, as well as measurements at the mRNA and protein level. Adipose periumbilical sampling with the Bergström biopsy needle and the Mercedes wet mini-liposuction technique are both appropriate options for studies in exercise physiology and in nonobese individuals.
Effect of Ohmic Heating on Food Products: An In-Depth Review Approach Associated with Quality Attributes
Authors: Sain Mukul , Minz P. S. , John Hima , Singh Ajay
Published: January 2024

Nowadays, the market is full of lists of products produced by way of vivid processing, blended formulation, and other novel formulation practices. In a similar vein, ohmic heating (OH) has proven to be a successful replacement for traditional procedures. Although the microbial burden is substantially reduced, the aforementioned method also controls the sensory and functional qualities of meals. OH is regarded as a thermal treatment option that is less damaging to food constituents in comparison to traditional thermal methods. The said processing method retains vivid food constituents that are widely acknowledged under the significant nutritional and functional category, hence addressing healthy longevity. Furthermore, OH is the least severe category of thermal operation in competition with the most technologically advanced food processing operations. The current study emphasizes the crucial relevance of knowing the effects of OH on food ingredients, which will serve as a basis for optimizing this novel approach for a wide range of food products. The effects of OH on quality characteristics such as color, flavor, and texture are thoroughly investigated, offering vital insights into OH’s capacity to maintain and enhance the sensory aspects of food items. Furthermore, the study looks at the effect of OH on nutritional contents, emphasizing the need to strike a careful balance between ensuring microbiological safety and retaining the nutritional integrity of treated foods. This literature survey closely examines the impact of OH on microorganisms, enzymes, color, and rheological and textural attributes of food, along with the deterioration of diverse bioactive substances, including phenolics and carotenoids, as well as vitamins. Besides, the paper explains the effect of the inactivation mechanism of microorganisms. The findings serve as a platform for future research and development, as well as a road map for the effective deployment and commercialization of OH technology in a variety of food industries.