bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan melalui Media Klik KB terhadap Minat Akseptor KB IUD pada Masa Pandemi
Authors: Susiloningtyas Is , Machfudloh Machfudloh , Witantri Adisa Dyah
Published: July 2024

Pandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak drop out KB (Keluarga Berencana) dan peningkatan kehamilan. Penggunaan KB IUD (intrauterine device) efektif mengendalikan jumlah penduduk sebesar 99,4%, akan tetapi minat masyarakat terhadap IUD rendah. Minat yang rendah tersebut dapat diatasi dengan pemberian edukasi menggunakan aplikasi klik KB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pendidikan kesehatan melalui klik KB terhadap minat akseptor KB IUD pada masa pandemi. Jenis penelitian adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan desain one-group pretest posttest. Penelitian dilakukan bulan Desember – Maret 2022 dengan populasi 311 orang dan sampel yang digunakan 31 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan yaitu purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan penyebaran kuesioner dan pemberian intervensi. Analisis data menggunakan tabel distribusi frekuensi dan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas responden berminat sedang sebelum pemberian pendidikan kesehatan dengan klik  KB dan minat responden menjadi tinggi setelah pemberian pendidikan kesehatan dengan klik KB. Pemberian pendidikan kesehatan dengan media aplikasi klik KB berpengaruh terhadap minat akseptor KB IUD di puskesmas wilayah Kabupaten Pemalang dengan nilai p 0,000. Bidan dan Badan Kependudukan dan Keluarga Berencana Nasional (BKKBN) diharapkan bisa melakukan sosialisasi yang lebih menyeluruh kepada masyarakat menggunakan media aplikasi klik KB.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap tentang Antenatal Care (ANC) dengan Kunjungan ANC
Authors: Arisanti Atika Zahria , Susilowati Endang , Husniyah Imamatul
Published: July 2024

Ibu hamil di Puskesmas Mijen II Kabupaten Demak tidak teratur melakukan antenatal care (ANC) sekalipun mereka mengetahui bahwa kunjungan ANC selama kehamilan itu penting. Padahal cakupan kunjungan ANC ibu hamil ke tenaga kesehatan berdasarkan pada standar Kemenkes yang telah ditetapkan adalah minimal 6 kali. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil tentang ANC dengan kunjungan ANC. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian sebanyak 39 responden yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Uji chi square dipakai untuk menganalisis data penelitian. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu hamil (nilai p 0,176) dan sikap ibu hamil (nilai p 0,060) dengan kunjungan ANC. Hasil survey dengan wawancara terhadap ibu hamil menunjukkan 80% ibu hamil tidak melakukan ANC secara rutin dengan alasan malas, bekerja, tidak ada keluhan, dan ekonomi kurang. Tenaga kesehatan terutama bidan diharapkan agar lebih meningkatkan penjaringan ibu hamil sehingga dapat mencapai target 100% kunjungan ANC oleh tenaga kesehatan. Penjaringan tidak hanya dapat dilakukan dengan menunggu kedatangan ibu ke puskesmas atau posyandu tetapi dengan melakukan kunjungan rumah.
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting pada Baduta
Authors: Febriani Lani , Ikhlasiah Marthia , Priharyati Priharyati
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi stunting pada baduta (bayi bawah 2 tahun) di Desa Bangendung, Wilayah Kecamatan Cilegon pada tahun 2023. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain case control dengan purposive sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari 54 ibu; 27 di antaranya memiliki baduta stunting dan 27 lainnya memiliki baduta tidak stunting. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner; analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ASI eksklusif memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian stunting pada baduta (p-value 0,003). Sementara itu, pengetahuan tentang pemberian ASI eksklusif, pengetahuan tentang MP-ASI, sarana air bersih, dan pendapatan keluarga tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan kejadian stunting pada baduta (p-value masing-masing adalah 1,000, 1,000, 0,726, dan 1,000). Upaya pemerintah dan tenaga kesehatan untuk mengedukasi masyarakat, terutama ibu, dilakukan melalui penyediaan informasi seperti flyer, banner, dan video tutorial tentang cara pemberian ASI eksklusif dan MP-ASI yang tepat, disampaikan di setiap posyandu dan Puskesmas Pembantu (Pustu) di Wilayah Kecamatan Cilegon, Kota Cilegon.
Analysis of The Process of Formulation And Publication of The Regulation of The Regency Head Regarding The Allocation of Village Funds in Bogor Regency for The Year 2023
Authors: Ilham Novan Yuana Nur , Isfarin Nadia Nurani
Published: July 2024

The Regent Regulation (Peraturan Bupati or Perbup) is one type of Regional Head Regulation (Peraturan Kepala Daerah or Perkada) that functions as an implementation tool for higher-level national and provincial laws and regulations. This research is conducted because the Bogor Regency Government has issued a Regent Regulation regarding the Village Fund Allocation (Alokasi Dana Desa or ADD) for the fiscal year 2023, but there has been a delay in its issuance. The research aims to determine whether the process of drafting the Bogor Regency Regent Regulation Number 11 of 2023 concerning the Allocation and Procedures for the Distribution of Village Fund for the Fiscal Year 2023 is in accordance with the Laws and Regulations. The author uses the normative juridical method in this research by obtaining data through literature study and interviews. The data sources used include documents related to the Formation of Laws and Regulations, such as the Ministry of Home Affairs Regulation and other relevant regulations, as well as relevant literature data on the research topic. In addition, interviews were conducted with relevant officials to obtain complete and in-depth information. This research indicates that the formation of regent regulations must follow the mechanisms and procedures stipulated in the laws and regulations, including the stages of drafting, deliberation, guidance/facilitation, determination, numbering, promulgation, authentication, and dissemination. Therefore, procedurally, the process of drafting and issuing Regent Regulation Number 11 of 2023 concerning the Allocation and Procedures for the Distribution of Village Fund for the Fiscal Year 2023 is in line with the provisions of Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Formation of Laws and Regulations, as well as the Ministry of Home Affairs Regulation Number 80 of 2015 concerning the Formation of Regional Legal Products.
Sensory Analysis of Tomato Sauce with Added Banana Waste as A Thickener
Authors: Christiana Mareta Ester , Vionita Vionita , Hakiki Dini Nur
Published: July 2024

Tomato sauce may be used as a side dish for a number of cuisines. This tomato sauce, however, is off-limits to diabetics due to its high sugar content, which can significantly raise blood sugar levels. As a result, the researchers created tomato sauce with the addition of banana peel waste. The goal of this study is to process banana peel and develop a diabetic-friendly sauce composition. In this study, 5 different treatments were used, with the percentage of tomato sauce and banana peels varying as much as 90%:10%, 80%:20%, 70%:30%, and 60%:40%. The following tests were done is organoleptic test. Based on the organoleptic testing, the sauce containing 40% banana peel was deemed to be the most favored, with an overall value of 3.8. The banana peels are included as a natural thickening agent with functional value. The sensory analysis of tomato sauce uses for developing sauce for diabetic patients.
Bone regeneration driven by a nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite bioaerogel for periodontal regeneration
Authors: Souto-Lopes M. , Grenho L. , Manrique Y. , Dias M. M. , Lopes J. C. B. , Fernandes M. H. , Monteiro F. J. , Salgado C. L.
Published: July 2024

The most recent progress in reconstructive therapy for the management of periodontitis and peri-implantitis bone defects has relied on the development of highly porous biodegradable bioaerogels for guided bone regeneration. The objective of this work was to evaluate in vitro the osteoinduction of periodontal-originating cells (human dental follicle mesenchymal cells, DFMSCs) promoted by a nano-hydroxyapatite/chitosan (nHAp/CS) bioaerogel, which was purified and sterilized by a sustainable technique (supercritical CO2). Moreover, the in vivo bone regeneration capacity of the nHAp/CS bioaerogel was preliminarily assessed as a proof-of-concept on a rat calvaria bone defect model. The quantification of DNA content of DFMSCs seeded upon nHAp/CS and CS scaffolds (control material) showed a significant increase from the 14th to the 21st day of culture. These results were corroborated through confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis (CLSM). Furthermore, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity increased significantly on the 21st day, similarly for both materials. Moreover, the presence of nHAp promoted a significantly higher expression of osteogenic genes after 21 days when compared to CS scaffolds and control. CLSM images of 21 days of culture also showed an increased deposition of OPN over the nHAp/CS surface. The in vivo bone formation was assessed by microCT and histological analysis. The in vivo evaluation showed a significant increase in bone volume in the nHAp/CS test group when compared to CS and the empty control, as well as higher new bone formation and calcium deposition within the nHAp/CS structure. Overall, the present study showed that the nHAp/CS bioaerogel could offer a potential solution for periodontal and peri-implant bone regeneration treatments since the in vitro results demonstrated that it provided favorable conditions for DFMSC proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, while the in vivo outcomes confirmed that it promoted higher bone ingrowth.
Stability of osteotomy in minimally invasive hallux valgus surgery with “8” shaped bandage during gait: a finite element analysis
Authors: Sun Xudong , Guo Ziyan , Cao Xuhan , Xiong Binglang , Pan Yaxin , Sun Weidong , Bai Zixing
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Hallux valgus, a common foot deformity, often necessitates surgical intervention. This study evaluates the biomechanical alterations in patients post-surgery, focusing on the efficacy of an “8” bandage fixation system to promote optimal recovery.

Methods

A three-dimensional (3D) model was constructed using CT data from a patient with hallux valgus. A quasi-static finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted in conjunction with gait analysis to evaluate the biomechanical changes at the osteotomy site under “8” shaped bandage fixation following hallux valgus surgery. The effects of the “8” shaped bandage on the stability of the osteotomy site and bone healing were investigated at three load points during the gait cycle.

Results

During the Loading Response (LR), Midstance (MSt), and Terminal stance TSt phases, the osteotomy end experienced maximum Von Mises stresses of 0.118, 1.349, and 1.485 MPa, respectively. Correspondingly, the maximum principal stresses, all of which were compressive along the Z-axis, were 0.11662 N, 1.39266 N, and 1.46762 N, respectively. Additionally, these phases showed a maximum relative total displacement of 0.848 mm and a maximum relative shear displacement of 0.872 mm.

Conclusion

During the stance phase, the osteotomy end of the first metatarsal is predominantly subjected to compressive stress, with the relative displacement within the safe range to promote healing. The application of an “8” bandage for external fixation after surgery can maintain the dynamic stability of osteotomy sites post-minimally invasive hallux valgus correction during the gait cycle, thereby promoting the healing of the osteotomy ends.
Seismic responses of isolated bridges subjected to near-fault ground motions: simple pulses vs. whole records
Authors: Hui Ying-Xin , Wang Jie , Lv Jia-Le , Xu Ting-Ting
Published: July 2024

Velocity pulse with strong energy input is the significant feature of near-fault ground motions. Bridges close to or passing across seismic faults may suffer from higher failure risk, which is inseparable from the influence of velocity pulse. This study aims to evaluate the nonlinear response characteristics of bridge structures under various near-fault ground motion conditions. A typical isolated continuous girder bridge is adopted, and two corresponding finite element models, i.e., considering and ignoring the heating effect of lead core bearings (LRBs), are established based on the OpenSees platform. Then, a total of 40 near-fault ground motion records are selected, and the pulses are extracted. Both the energy-based and deformation-based seismic responses are captured and compared to reveal the differences for the isolated bridge subjected to the original waves and the extracted pulses. The results highlight that the accuracy of the seismic evaluation based on the extracted pulses strongly depends on the precondition that the pulse period is close to the fundamental period of the isolated bridge. Hence, inputting the extracted pulses for predicting the in-elastic seismic response of isolated bridges locating at near-fault region is not an adequate replacement for those original waves of near-fault ground motions. In addition, the heating effect of LRBs will be magnified for the seismic response of isolated bridges subjected to the extracted pulses, and it will mainly affect the seismic responses of bearings and piers, i.e., the former increases and the latter decreases.
Embracing the sustainable horizons through bioenergy innovations: a path to a sustainable energy future
Authors: Blay-Roger Rubén , Saif Maria , Bobadilla Luis F. , Ramirez-Reina Tomas , Nawaz Muhammad Asif , Odriozola José Antonio
Published: July 2024

The urgent need for mitigating climate change necessitates a transformative shift in energy production and consumption paradigms. Amidst this challenge, bioenergy emerges as a pivotal contributor to the global energy transition, offering a diverse array of solid, liquid, and gaseous fuels derived from biomass. This mini review delves into the unique potential of bioenergy innovations, particularly renewable diesel, bio jet fuel, and ethanol, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and transform various industries. The article highlights critical technological advancements, supportive policies, and cross-sector collaboration essential for a sustainable energy transition. Specific challenges such as ensuring a consistent biomass feedstock supply, decentralizing processing units, and navigating complex regulatory frameworks are examined. Innovative solutions like decentralized biomass processing and enhanced biomass logistics are discussed as pathways to overcome these barriers. The review provides specific recommendations for near-term policies and strategies to support decentralized facilities, showcasing bioenergy’s role in achieving a sustainable future.
APH(3’)-Ie, an aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme discovered in a rabbit-derived Citrobacter gillenii isolate
Authors: Lin Naru , Sha Yuning , Zhang Guozhi , Song Chunhan , Zhang Yuan , Zhao Jingxuan , Huang Dawei , Lu Junwan , Bao Qiyu , Pan Wei
Published: July 2024

Background

Aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) play an essential role in bacterial resistance to aminoglycoside antimicrobials. With the development of sequencing techniques, more bacterial genomes have been sequenced, which has aided in the discovery of an increasing number of novel resistance mechanisms.

Methods

The bacterial species was identified by 16S rRNA gene homology and average nucleotide identity (ANI) analyses. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each antimicrobial was determined by the agar dilution method. The protein was expressed with the pCold I vector in E. coli BL21, and enzyme kinetic parameters were examined. The whole-genome sequence of the bacterium was obtained via the Illumina and PacBio sequencing platforms. Reconstruction of the phylogenetic tree, identification of conserved functional residues, and gene context analysis were performed using the corresponding bioinformatic techniques.

Results

A novel aminoglycoside resistance gene, designated aph(3’)-Ie, which confers resistance to ribostamycin, kanamycin, sisomicin and paromomycin, was identified in the chromosome of the animal bacterium Citrobacter gillenii DW61, which exhibited a multidrug resistance phenotype. APH(3’)-Ie showed the highest amino acid identity of 74.90% with the functionally characterized enzyme APH(3’)-Ia. Enzyme kinetics analysis demonstrated that it had phosphorylation activity toward four aminoglycoside substrates, exhibiting the highest affinity (Km, 4.22 ± 0.88 µM) and the highest catalytic efficiency [kcat/Km, (32.27 ± 8.14) × 104] for ribomycin. Similar to the other APH(3’) proteins, APH(3’)-Ie contained all the conserved functional sites of the APH family. The aph(3’)-Ie homologous genes were present in C. gillenii isolates from different sources, including some of clinical significance.

Conclusion

In this work, a novel chromosomal aminoglycoside resistance gene, designated aph(3’)-Ie, conferring resistance to aminoglycoside antimicrobials, was identified in a rabbit isolate C. gillenii DW61. The elucidation of the novel resistance mechanism will aid in the effective treatment of infections caused by pathogens carrying such resistance genes.
Quantitative evaluation of uncertainty and interpretability in machine learning-based landslide susceptibility mapping through feature selection and explainable AI
Authors: Le Xuan-Hien , Choi Chanul , Eu Song , Yeon Minho , Lee Giha
Published: July 2024

Landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) is essential for determining risk regions and guiding mitigation strategies. Machine learning (ML) techniques have been broadly utilized, but the uncertainty and interpretability of these models have not been well-studied. This study conducted a comparative analysis and uncertainty assessment of five ML algorithms—Random Forest (RF), Light Gradient-Boosting Machine (LGB), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Support Vector Machine (SVM)—for LSM in Inje area, South Korea. We optimized these models using Bayesian optimization, a method that refines model performance through probabilistic model-based tuning of hyperparameters. The performance of these algorithms was evaluated using accuracy, Kappa score, and F1 score, with accuracy in detecting landslide-prone locations ranging from 0.916 to 0.947. Among them, the tree-based models (RF, LGB, XGB) showed competitive performance and outperformed the other models. Prediction uncertainty was quantified using bootstrapping and Monte Carlo simulation methods, with the latter providing a more consistent estimate across models. Further, the interpretability of ML predictions was analyzed through sensitivity analysis and SHAP values. We also expanded our investigation to include both the inclusion and exclusion of predictors, providing insights into each significant variable through a comprehensive sensitivity analysis. This paper provides insights into the predictive uncertainty and interpretability of ML algorithms for LSM, contributing to future research in South Korea and beyond.
Exploring the molecular landscape of osteosarcoma through PTTG family genes using a detailed multi-level methodology
Authors: Lu Yulin , Wang Danjun , Chen Guoao , Shan Zitong , Li Dongmei
Published: July 2024

Background

Osteosarcoma (OS) poses a significant clinical challenge, necessitating a comprehensive exploration of its molecular underpinnings.

Methods

This study explored the roles of PTTG family genes (PTTG1, PTTG2, and PTTG3P) in OS, employing a multifaceted approach encompassing molecular experiments, including OS cell lines culturing, RT-qPCR, bisulfite and Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) and in silico experiments, including The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets-based validation, overall survival, gene enrichment, functional assays, and molecular docking analyses.

Results

Our findings reveal a consistent up-regulation of PTTG genes in OS cell lines, supported by RT-qPCR experiments and corroborated across various publically available expression datasets databases. Importantly, ROC curve analyses highlight their potential as diagnostic markers. Moving beyond expression profiles, we unveil the epigenetic landscape by demonstrating significant hypomethylation of CpG islands associated with PTTG genes in OS. The negative correlation between methylation status and mRNA expression emphasizes the regulatory role of promoter methylation in PTTG gene expression. Contrary to expectations, genetic mutations in PTTG genes are rare in OS, with only benign mutations observed. Moreover, functional assays also confirmed the oncogenic roles of the PTTG gene in the development of OS. Lastly, we also revealed that Calcitriol is the most appropriate drug that can be utilized to treat OS in the context of PTTG genes.

Conclusion

The identification of PTTG genes as potential diagnostic markers and their association with epigenetic alterations opens new avenues for understanding OS pathogenesis and developing targeted therapies. As we navigate the complex landscape of OS, this study contributes essential insights that may pave the way for improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in its management.
COVID-19 and menstrual-related disturbances: a Spanish retrospective observational study in formerly menstruating women
Authors: González María , Al-Adib Miriam , Rodríguez Ana B. , Carrasco Cristina
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Four years after the start of the pandemic, there is limited evidence on the impact of COVID-19 on the women's health regardless of their reproductive status.

Objective

The aim was to analyze the prevalence and associated factors of menstrual-related disturbances in formerly menstruating women following SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Study design

A retrospective observational study of adult women in Spain was conducted during the month of December 2021 using an online survey (N = 17,512). The present analysis includes a subpopulation of SARS-CoV-2-infected and formerly menstruating women (n = 72). The collected data included general characteristics, medical history, and specific information on COVID-19. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U-tests were performed. Bivariate logistic regression analysis was then performed to investigate possible associations between the occurrence of menstrual-related disturbances after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results

38.8% of participants experienced menstrual-related disturbances following COVID-19. Among these, unexpected vaginal bleeding (20.8%) was the most common event, followed by spotting (11.1%) (
Table 1). Other reported changes were in the length (shorter = 12.5%) and flow (heavier = 30.3%) of menstrual bleeding in comparison to their previous experience. Regression analysis revealed that being a perimenopausal woman [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.721, CI 95%, 1.022–21.796, p = 0.047] and having a previous diagnosis of menorrhagia (AOR 5.824 CI 95%, 1.521–22.310, p = 0.010) were factors associated with the event.

Conclusion

These findings could help health professionals provide their patients with up-to-date scientific information to empower them to actively manage their reproductive health, especially in societies where menstrual health is still taboo.
Case report: Managing pemphigus foliaceus using apremilast without systemic glucocorticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents
Authors: Zhang Quanhong , Yu Lang , Wan Li , Chen Liuqing , Chen Jinbo
Published: July 2024

Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is a superficial form of pemphigus. Treatment options for PF resemble pemphigus vulgaris, including glucocorticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents and rituximab et al. These treatment approaches can effectively improve the condition but may also be accompanied by high risks of side effects. Therefore, it is crucial to find a safe and effective treatment options for patients with PF. It will not only benefit/be necessary for patients who refuse glucocorticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents treatments, but also for patients who cannot be treated with glucocorticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents. Herein, we reported a case of PF that was treated with apremilast without systemic glucocorticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents. A 54-year-old woman presented with itchy erythema and erosions on the trunk for more than 1 month. The patient applied mometasonefuroate cream without improvement for a duration of two weeks. The past history of diabetes mellitus and atrophic gastritis was reported. Physical examination revealed scattered erythematous macules and erosions on the trunk. No mucosal involvement was observed. The condition was assessed by the pemphigus disease area index and numerical rating scale, with baseline scores of 7 and 8, respectively. Histopathological examination showed acantholysis and intraepithelial blister. Direct immunofluorescence revealed the presence of IgG and Complement 3 deposition between the acanthocytes with the reticular distribution. Based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results, the levels of Dsg1 and Dsg3 antibodies were 28.18 and 0.26 kU/L respectively. The diagnosis of PF was made. This patient was successfully treated with apremilast without systemic glucocorticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents. The patient has continued with apremilast 30mg once daily for maintenance and no adverse events related to apremilast such as gastrointestinal side effects were observed during the 9-month follow-up period. In conclusion, apremilast therapy without systemic glucocorticosteroids nor immunosuppressive agents might provide an effective alternative to management of mild PF without obvious side effect.
Toward compound fault diagnosis via EMAGAN and large kernel augmented few-shot learning
Authors: Xu Wenchang , Zhang Zhexian , Wang Zhijun , Wang Tianao , He Zijian , Dong Shijie
Published: July 2024

Bearings are essential in machinery. Damage to them can cause financial losses and safety risks at industrial sites. Therefore, it is necessary to design an accurate diagnostic model. Although many bearing fault diagnosis methods have been proposed recently, they still cannot meet the requirements of high-accurate prediction of bearing faults. There are several challenges in this: 1) In practical settings, gathering sufficient and balanced sample data for training diagnostic network models proves challenging. 2) The damage to bearings in real industrial production sites is not singular, and compound faults are also a huge challenge for diagnostic networks. To address these issues, this study introduces a novel fault diagnosis model called EMALKNet that integrates DCGAN with Efficient Multi-Scale Attention (EMAGAN) and RepLKNet-XL, enhancing the detection and analysis of bearing faults in industrial machinery. This model employs EMAGAN to explore the underlying distribution of raw data, thereby enlarging the fault sample pool and enhancing the model’s diagnostic capabilities; The large kernel structure of RepLKNet-XL is different from the current mainstream small kernel and has stronger representation extraction ability. The proposed method has been validated on the Paderborn University dataset and the Huazhong University of Science and Technology dataset.
Knowledge mapping of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhang Huiying , Zhang Leiliang
Published: July 2024

Background

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), caused by the Dabie bandavirus (DBV), formerly known as the SFTS virus (SFTSV), is characterized by rapid progression, high morbidity, and mortality. This study aims to analyze the current research status, hotspots, and trends of SFTS since 2009 through bibliometrics, focusing on original research and providing valuable references and inspirations for future basic research, prevention and control of SFTS.

Methods

The Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) was used to extract global papers on SFTS from 2009 to 2024. VOSviewer and CiteSpace software were also used to process and visualize results.

Results

A total of 760 publications relevant to SFTS were reviewed. Among these publications, the most active country, author, and publication type included China, Liu Wei, and original articles, respectively. Among the institutions, the National Institute of Infectious Diseases emerged as the top publisher. The most frequently used keywords were “China,” “Bunyavirus,” and “person-to-person transmission.” The bibliometric analysis reviewed and summarized the research results in the field of SFTS and demonstrated the research trends in the field. In addition, the study revealed the current research hotspots and predicted the future research frontiers and potential challenges in the field of SFTS, which will provide references for further exploring and investigating the SFTS-related mechanisms and inspire new therapeutic strategies.

Conclusion

Bibliometric visualization provides an overview of research advances, hotspots, and trends regarding SFTS and consolidates existing knowledge. SFTS research is in a phase of rapid development, and the number of annual publications in the field is growing steadily and rapidly. This is laying the groundwork for further research and providing new ideas for clinicians engaged in SFTS-related therapies and researchers working to improve public health. Currently, researchers are focused on elucidating the biology of SFTS, exploring antibodies, delving into pathogenesis, and investigating specific therapies.
Impairment of synaptic plasticity in the primary somatosensory cortex in a model of diabetic mice
Authors: García-Magro Nuria , Mesa-Lombardo Alberto , Barros-Zulaica Natali , Nuñez Ángel
Published: July 2024

Type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients experience alterations in the Central Nervous System, leading to cognitive deficits. Cognitive deficits have been also observed in animal models of diabetes such as impaired sensory perception, as well as deficits in working and spatial memory functions. It has been suggested that a reduction of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and/or insulin levels may induce these neurological disorders. We have studied synaptic plasticity in the primary somatosensory cortex of young streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic mice. We focused on the influence of reduced IGF-I brain levels on cortical synaptic plasticity. Unit recordings were conducted in layer 2/3 neurons of the primary somatosensory (S1) cortex in both control and STZ-diabetic mice under isoflurane anesthesia. Synaptic plasticity was induced by repetitive whisker stimulation. Results showed that repetitive stimulation of whiskers (8 Hz induction train) elicited a long-term potentiation (LTP) in layer 2/3 neurons of the S1 cortex of control mice. In contrast, the same induction train elicited a long-term depression (LTD) in STZ-diabetic mice that was dependent on NMDA and metabotropic glutamatergic receptors. The reduction of IGF-I brain levels in diabetes could be responsible of synaptic plasticity impairment, as evidenced by improved response facilitation in STZ-diabetic mice following the application of IGF-I. This hypothesis was further supported by immunochemical techniques, which revealed a reduction in IGF-I receptors in the layer 2/3 of the S1 cortex in STZ-diabetic animals. The observed synaptic plasticity impairments in STZ-diabetic animals were accompanied by decreased performance in a whisker discrimination task, along with reductions in IGF-I, GluR1, and NMDA receptors observed in immunochemical studies. In conclusion, impaired synaptic plasticity in the S1 cortex may stem from reduced IGF-I signaling, leading to decreased intracellular signal pathways and thus, glutamatergic receptor numbers in the cellular membrane.
Low muscle mass index is associated with type 2 diabetes risk in a Latin-American population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Suárez Rosario , Andrade Celina , Bautista-Valarezo Estefania , Sarmiento-Andrade Yoredy , Matos Andri , Jimenez Oliver , Montalvan Martha , Chapela Sebastián
Published: July 2024

Objective

Diabetes mellitus is a growing disease with severe complications. Various scores predict the risk of developing this pathology. The amount of muscle mass is associated with insulin resistance, yet there is no established evidence linking muscle mass with diabetes risk. This work aims to study that relationship.

Research methods and procedures

This cross-sectional study included 1,388 employees. The FINDRISC score was used to assess type 2 diabetes risk, and bioimpedance was used for body composition analysis. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass adjusted by body mass index (ASM/BMI) was analyzed. Sociodemographic, clinical and anthropometric measures were evaluated, logistic regression models with sex stratification were conducted and ROC curves were calculated to determine the ability of ASM/BMI index to predict T2D risk.

Results

It was observed that patients with higher ASM/BMI had a lower FINDRISC score in both men and women (p < 0.001). A logistic regression model showed and association between ASM/BMI and diabetes risk in women [OR: 0.000 (0.000–0.900), p = 0.048], but not in men [OR: 0.267 (0.038–1.878), p = 0.185]. However, when the body mass index variable was excluded from the model, an association was found between muscle mass adjusted to BMI and diabetes risk in both men [OR: 0.000 (0.000–0.016), p < 0.001], and women [OR:0.001 (0.000–0.034), p < 0.001]. Other risk factors were having a low level of physical activity, waist circumference, age and sedentary lifestyle. A ROC curve was built and the optimal ASM/BMI cut-of value for predicting T2D risk was 0.82 with a sensitivity of 53.71% and specificity of 69.3% [AUC of 0.665 (0.64–0.69; p < 0.0001)].

Conclusion

When quantifying the risk of type 2 diabetes in both women and men, assessing muscle mass can help detect adult individuals with a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Improving the response to lenvatinib in partial responders using a Constrained-Disorder-Principle-based second-generation artificial intelligence-therapeutic regimen: a proof-of-concept open-labeled clinical trial
Authors: Sigawi Tal , Gelman Ram , Maimon Ofra , Yossef Amal , Hemed Nila , Agus Samuel , Berg Marc , Ilan Yaron , Popovtzer Aron
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The main obstacle in treating cancer patients is drug resistance. Lenvatinib treatment poses challenges due to loss of response and the common dose-limiting adverse events (AEs). The Constrained-disorder-principle (CDP)-based second-generation artificial intelligence (AI) systems introduce variability into treatment regimens and offer a potential strategy for enhancing treatment efficacy. This proof-of-concept clinical trial aimed to assess the impact of a personalized algorithm-controlled therapeutic regimen on lenvatinib effectiveness and tolerability.

Methods

A 14-week open-label, non-randomized trial was conducted with five cancer patients receiving lenvatinib—an AI-assisted application tailored to a personalized therapeutic regimen for each patient, which the treating physician approved. The study assessed changes in tumor response through FDG-PET-CT and tumor markers and quality of life via the EORTC QLQ-THY34 questionnaire, AEs, and laboratory evaluations. The app monitored treatment adherence.

Results

At 14 weeks of follow-up, the disease control rate (including the following outcomes: complete response, partial response, stable disease) was 80%. The FDG-PET-CT scan-based RECIST v1.1 and PERCIST criteria showed partial response in 40% of patients and stable disease in an additional 40% of patients. One patient experienced a progressing disease. Of the participants with thyroid cancer, 75% showed a reduction in thyroglobulin levels, and 60% of all the participants showed a decrease in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio during treatment. Improvement in the median social support score among patients utilizing the system supports an ancillary benefit of the intervention. No grade 4 AEs or functional deteriorations were recorded.

The results of this proof-of-concept open-labeled clinical trial suggest that the CDP-based second-generation AI system-generated personalized therapeutic recommendations may improve the response to lenvatinib with manageable AEs. Prospective controlled studies are needed to determine the efficacy of this approach.
Comparative analysis of the mitochondrial genomes of four Dendrobium species (Orchidaceae) reveals heterogeneity in structure, synteny, intercellular gene transfer, and RNA editing
Authors: Wang Le , Liu Xue , Wang Yongde , Ming Xingjia , Qi Junsheng , Zhou Yiquan
Published: July 2024

The genus Dendrobium, part of the Orchidaceae family, encompasses species of significant medicinal, nutritional, and economic value. However, many Dendrobium species are threatened by environmental stresses, low seed germination rates, and overharvesting. Mitochondria generate the energy necessary for various plant life activities. Despite their importance, research on the mitochondrial genomes of Dendrobium species is currently limited. To address this gap, we performed a comprehensive genetic analysis of four Dendrobium species—D. flexicaule, D. nobile, D. officinale, and D. huoshanense—focusing on their mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes to elucidate their genetic architecture and support conservation efforts. We utilized advanced sequencing technologies, including Illumina for high-throughput sequencing and Nanopore for long-read sequencing capabilities. Our findings revealed the multichromosomal mitochondrial genome structures, with total lengths ranging from 596,506 bp to 772,523 bp. The mitochondrial genomes contained 265 functional genes, including 64-69 protein-coding genes, 23-28 tRNA genes, and 3 rRNA genes. We identified 647 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and 352 tandem repeats, along with 440 instances of plastid-to-mitochondrial gene transfer. Additionally, we predicted 2,023 RNA editing sites within the mitochondrial protein-coding genes, predominantly characterized by cytosine-to-thymine transitions. Comparative analysis of mitochondrial DNA across the species highlighted 25 conserved genes, with evidence of positive selection in five genes: ccmFC, matR, mttB, rps2, and rps10. Phylogenetic assessments suggested a close sister relationship between D. nobile and D. huoshanense, and a similar proximity between D. officinale and D. flexicaule. This comprehensive genomic study provides a critical foundation for further exploration into the genetic mechanisms and biodiversity of Dendrobium species, contributing valuable insights for their conservation and sustainable utilization.
Temperament structures and the effectiveness of individual play in football
Authors: Bojkowski Łukasz , Tomczak Maciej
Published: July 2024

Background

Regulatory Theory of Temperament distinguishes two traits involving the time course of responses and four relating to how energy is distributed and stored. This theory enables the presentation of entire structures of temperament traits and it is relevant for assessing an individual’s ability to process stimulation and influence their performance during competitions. In our cross-sectional study, these structures are examined in relation to the offensive, defensive, and comprehensive effectiveness of an individual player’s actions.

Methods

The study included 91 football players aged between 20 and 31 years, who had approximately 10 years of training experience. The Formal Characteristics of Behavior – Temperament Inventory was utilized to assess temperamental traits, while a simulation game was employed to evaluate the effectiveness of each individual player’s actions.

Results

Research demonstrated that football players possessing a temperament structure that is closely aligned harmonized structure with a high capacity to process stimulation showed higher levels of individual efficacy in attack, defence, and comprehensive effectiveness of performance compared to football players with a harmonized temperament structure but a low capacity to process stimulation.

Conclusion

The obtained result emphasises the significance of specific temperament structures in terms of matching the individual’s stimulation levels and the their ability to process it.
Reliability and minimal detectable change of the Yoni task for the theory of mind assessment
Authors: Isernia Sara , Cacciatore Diego Michael , Rossetto Federica , Ricci Cristian , Baglio Francesca
Published: July 2024

Introduction

The Theory of Mind (ToM) assessment is becoming essential to evaluate the response to a social cognition intervention and to monitor the progression of social abilities impairment in atypical conditions. In the Italian setting, the Yoni task has been recently validated in its short version (the Yoni-48 task) to evaluate ToM in the clinical setting. The present study aimed to verify the test-retest reliability and the Minimal Detectable Change (MDC) of the Yoni-48 task.

Methods

The Yoni-48 task was administered to 229 healthy adults at two evaluation sessions 3 weeks apart (mean days between sessions = 20.35 ± 1.75) by a psychologist. The test-retest reliability of the Yoni-48 task accuracy and response time was tested by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC2,1, two-way random model, absolute agreement type). Then, the MDC95 and MDC90 were computed based on the standard error of measurement. Finally, the 95% limits of agreement were plotted (LOA plot) to visualize the difference and mean score of each pair of measurements.

Results

The total Yoni-48 task accuracy, but not the response time score, showed a high ICC (>0.80), with an MDC of 0.10. By plotting the LOA plot for the accuracy score no systematic trends were observed.

Discussion

This evidence will support the adoption of the Yoni task in longitudinal designs.
FLI1 in PBMCs contributes to elevated inflammation in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Li Pengfei , Liu Liu , Liu Shufeng , Lu Zhongyang , Halushka Perry V. , Sidles Sara J. , LaRue Amanda C. , Wang Zhewu , Fan Hongkuan
Published: July 2024

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric condition with significant public health implications that arise following exposure to traumatic events. Recent studies highlight the involvement of immune dysregulation in PTSD, characterized by elevated inflammatory markers. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this immune imbalance remain unclear. Previous research has implicated friend leukemia virus integration 1 (FLI1), an erythroblast transformation-specific (ETS) transcription factor, in inflammatory responses in sepsis and Alzheimer’s disease. Elevated FLI1 levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have been linked to lupus severity. Yet, FLI1’s role in PTSD-related inflammation remains unexplored. In our study, PBMCs were collected from Veterans with and without PTSD. We found significantly increased FLI1 expression in PBMCs from PTSD-afflicted Veterans, particularly in CD4+ T cells, with no notable changes in CD8+ T cells. Stimulation with LPS led to heightened FLI1 expression and elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IFNγ in PTSD PBMCs compared to controls. Knockdown of FLI1 using Gapmers in PTSD PBMCs resulted in a marked reduction in inflammatory cytokine levels, restoring them to control group levels. Additionally, co-culturing PBMCs from both control and PTSD Veterans with the human brain microglia cell line HMC3 revealed increased inflammatory mediator levels in HMC3. Remarkably, HMC3 cells co-cultured with PTSD PBMCs treated with FLI1 Gapmers exhibited significantly lower inflammatory mediator levels compared to control Gapmer-treated PTSD PBMCs. These findings suggest that suppressing FLI1 may rebalance immune activity in PBMCs and mitigate microglial activation in the brain. Such insights could provide novel therapeutic strategies for PTSD.
Clinical application of live biotherapeutic products in infectious diseases
Authors: Navalkele Bhagyashri D. , Chopra Teena
Published: July 2024

Live biotherapeutics products (LBP) are a novel range of therapeutic options in medicine. In this review, authors discuss basic composition and mechanism of action of LBP, provide a comprehensive focused overview of published in vitro and in vivo studies on efficacy of LBP for prevention and treatment of infectious diseases such as viral (HIV, COVID-19), bacterial (C.difficile infection, bacterial vaginosis, multi-drug resistant organisms) and fungal (Candida) organisms. This review should be of interest to clinicians to understand the broad application of LBP in infectious diseases world beyond recurrent C.difficile infection and to researchers on unexplored prospects of LBP and the need for further investigation in this emerging field to improve its clinical application.
Improving triplet lamb survival: management practices used by commercial farmers
Authors: Erichsen Cathrine , Coombs Tamsin , Sargison Neil , McCoard Sue , Keady Tim W. J. , Dwyer Cathy M.
Published: July 2024

Introduction

Prolificacy has become an important breeding goal in sheep farming to increase farm profitability. With the adoption of improved genetics and management practices leading to increased lambing percentages, the proportion of triplet-born lambs has also increased on farms. However, mortality rates of triplet lambs are higher than for single- and twin-born lambs, and additional management inputs may be needed to support survival. The aim of this study was to identify factors that affect management practices that are considered important for triplet lamb survival by commercial farmers from the United Kingdom (UK), the Ireland (IRE), and New Zealand (NZ).

Methods

An online survey was developed and disseminated to farmers in each country, focusing on farmer demographics, flock characteristics, management practices and production outcomes. A total of 448 farmers completed the survey, from the UK (n = 168), IRE (n = 218), and NZ (n = 62).

Results

Respondents had larger flocks, higher scanning and lambing percentages than the country average for the UK and IRE. The mean percentage of triplet litters born within flocks was 9%, and lambs lost between scanning and lambing were 14% for UK, 15% for IRE, and 25% for NZ respondents (P = 0.063). Overall, 60% of all respondents reported to lamb indoors and 40% lambed outdoors, however NZ farmers almost exclusively lambed outdoors, whereas UK and IRE farmers lambed in both systems (P < 0.001). NZ farmers were more likely to rear all triplet lambs with the ewe, whereas UK and IRE farmers were more likely to remove a lamb to rear by another ewe or artificially (P < 0.001). Factors that influenced triplet lamb management practices of respondents in this study were respondent country of origin, flock size, age, and gender. In general, younger respondents (P < 0.001), and female respondents (P < 0.05), were more likely to engage in management activities that were considered to promote better triplet lamb survival, compared to older and male respondents respectively. These practices were associated with better lamb survival reported by respondents but were less likely to be carried out when flock size increased (P < 0.001).

Discussion

The results of this survey highlight future priorities or communication strategies needed to improve triplet lamb survival.