bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PAN ANTİBİYOTİK DİRENÇLİ PSEUDOMONAS (P. aeruginosa) VE STENOTROPHOMONAS’LARA (S. maltophilia) KARŞI SON SEÇENEK AJANLARDAN BİRİ OLAN KOLİSTİN (COLİSTİN)’İN IN VİTRO ETKİNLİĞİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: TÜRKEN Murat , YAZTÜRK Şahin , YILMAZ Mustafa , YILMAZ BOZOĞLAN Merve
Published: September 2020

Son yıllarda nazokomial enfeksiyon
hastalıklarının  artışı dikkat çekicidir.
Buna rağmen literatürlerde pan-antibiyotik dirençli bakterilerin yol açtığı
infeksiyonların tedavisinin eldeki antibiyotiklerle neredeyse imkansız olduğu
belirtilerek yeni antibiyotiklerin geliştirilmesine ve arayışına gereksinim
olduğu bildirilmiştir.

    Dirençli enfeksiyonlarda, karşımıza çıkan;
Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp. ve son yıllarda önemi giderek artan
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia’lar
hatırlanır. Bu mikroorganizmalar, yaygın olarak kullanılan antibiyotiklere
karşı değişik mekanizmalarla direnç geliştirmekte ve neden oldukları
enfeksiyonların tedavisinde büyük sorunlar yaşanmaktadır.

    Kolistin, polipetit yapılı
antibiyotiklerden olan polimiksin E grubundandır. Bu antibiyotik bakteri
hücresinin sitoplazmik membranının 
permeabilitesini arttırmak suretiyle bakterisid etki gösterir, bunlar
gelişmesini  tamamlanmış ve üremesi durmuş
bakterileri üzerine de etkilidirler.

    Bu çalışma da Ocak 2004 ve Şubat 2007
tarihleri arasında Fırat Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı
Laboratuvarına gönderilen örneklerden 
klasik bakteriyolojik ve ID32 GN otomatize yöntemler kullanılarak tür
düzeyinde 57 Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ve 10 adet Stenotrophomonas  maltophilia tanımlandı. Bu suşların
duyarlılıkları disk difüzyon ve E-testi yöntemleri kullanılarak araştırıldı.

    Pseudomonas aeruginosa ve Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
türlerinin disk düfüzyon yönteminde kullanılan ATM, CAZ, FOX, CTX, IPM, MEM,
AK, CN,SXT, CİP, CXM, Amp, KF, Amc disklerinin tamamına dirençli olduğu
saptandı. Ayrıca E-testinde kullanılan PTc (Piperasilin+tazobaktam), TLc
(Tikarsilin klavunic asid), AK; (Amikasin), CİP(ciprofloksasin) ,
MP(meropenem), IP(imipenem), TZ(ceftazidim), OF(ofloksasin) striplerine karşıda
invitro olarak dirençli bulundu. Kolistin ile yapılan E-testinde ise,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa %15,7 duyarlı,
Stemotrophomonas maltophilia ise %30
duyarlı bulunmuştur.
Muş ili ve ilçelerindeki hastanelerde görev yapan hemşirelerin sigara içme durumlarının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: SEZGİN Leyla , PİRİNÇCİ Edibe
Published: September 2020

Amaç: Ülkemizde sigara içmek yaygın bir alışkanlık ve önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Bu çalışmanın amacı Muş ili ve ilçelerindeki hastanelerde çalışan hemşirelerde sigara kullanma sıklığını saptamak, etkileyen faktörleri incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte olan bu araştırmanın evrenini Muş ilinde ve ilçelerindeki hastanelerde görev yapan tüm hemşireler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada 600 hemşireden 436’sına ulaşılmıştır. Anket formu konu ile ilgili literatürlerden yararlanılarak hazırlanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS paket programına kaydedilip, istatistiksel analizde yüzde, ortalama, Ki-kare Testi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamındaki hemşirelerin %64.6’sı kadın olup yaş ortalamaları 26.58±6.00 yıldır. Hemşirelerin %42.2’si evlidir. Hemşirelerin %61.9’u en az bir kez sigara içmeyi denemiş olup, %52.8’i halen sigara içmektedir. Hemşireler sigara içme nedenleri olarak birinci sırada stres giderdiği, ikinci sırada alışkanlık olduğu için içtiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Hemşirelerde sigara içme oranı yaş ilerledikçe artmakta (p<0.05) olup, erkeklerde sigara içme oranı daha yüksektir (p<0.05). Eğitim düzeyi yükseldikçe sigara içme oranı azalmaktadır (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Hemşirelerde sigara kullanımı sıklığı topluma göre yüksek orandadır. Sigara kullanımını arttıran nedenler göz önüne alınarak hemşirelerde sigara kullanım sıklığının düşürülmesi ve gerekli önlemlerin alınması gereklidir.
PLASENTA AKREATA; GEÇMİŞTEN BUGÜNE ÖYKÜSÜ
Authors: KOÇARSLAN Sezen
Published: September 2020

Plasenta akreata plasental villusların miyometriyumu anormal invazyonu ile oluşur. Histopatoloji temelinde üç dereceye ayrılır. Plasental villuslar miyometriyum ile direkt temas kurduğunda plasenta akreata, miyometriyal katları invaze ettiğinde plasenta inkreata, uterin serozayı da invaze ettiğinde plasenta perkreata denir. Plasenta akreata için ana risk faktörü plasenta previa’nın eşlik ettiği sezeryan doğum öyküsüdür. Plasenta akreatada plasental yataktaki yetersiz desidualizasyon ve trofoblastik değişiklikler uterin skara sekonderdir. Maternal klinik gidişi yönetimde anahtar faktör antenatal tanıdır. Tanı vakaların çoğunda ultrason ile konulur. Plasenta akreatanın tedavisi multidisipliner cerrahi ekibe ihtiyaç duyar. Sezeryan histerektomi tercih edilen tedavidir. Seçilmiş vakalarda konservatif tedavi ile fertilite korunabilir.
ROLE OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF SPANISH LANGUAGE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Korbozerova Nina
Published: September 2020

The article deals with the syntactic and semantic structure of a complex sentence in Spanish during the period from the 12th to the 20th century. Are analyzed the evolutionary processes of the conjunctions, relations, the modal-temporal correlation, the positional arrangement of the dependent subordinate component relative to the main one. Are revealed the trends in the development of object, attributive and adverbial models of sentences, as well as quantitative and qualitative changes in the volume of complex sentences. Is analyzed the role of the socio-cultural factor in the evolution of a complex sentence at one or another historical stage of the development of the Spanish language.
PROSODIC PECULIARITIES OF INTROGATIVES IN THEATRIC PUBLIC SPEECH AS A VARIETY OF DRAMATIC SOLILOQUY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Lyssenko Catherine
Published: September 2020

The article deals with specific features of perception of public speaking prosody. Speech intonation is an important component of oral text, a carrier of semantic meanings, and at the same time a means of demonstrating the emotionally expressive nature of expression. The nature and influence of public speaking depends not only on the adequately disclosed facts, but also on the very speech form of their presentation. The leading role in this process belongs to prosodic means, in which the peculiarities of public broadcasting are clearly revealed. The article examines the interrogatives of quasi-spontaneous public speakingmonologues from Shakespeare's plays, gathered from audio recordings of different periods of time, dating back to 30 years of the last century. This approach made it possible to compare the main features of interrogative rhetorical questions in the chronological plan. In the analysis of prosodic features of question structures, the inventory of their universal characteristics was distinguished,since there are certain normative, invariant prosodic models for the main types of questions. On the other hand, the melody should be attributed to the most variable parameters of interoactive constructions, so the most typical variants of intonational deviations were also analyzed.
Experimental Investigation of Pedestrian Dynamics in Circle Antipode Experiments
Authors: Xiao Yao , Jiang Rui , Gao Ziyou , Li Xingang , Qu Yunchao
Published: September 2020

To explore the pedestrian motion navigation and conflict reaction mechanisms in practice, we organized a series of circle antipode experiments. In the experiments, pedestrians are uniformly initialized on the circle and required to leave for their antipodal positions simultaneously. On the one hand, a conflicting area is naturally formulated in the center region due to the converged shortest routes, so the practical conflict avoidance behaviors can be fully explored. On the other hand, the symmetric experimental conditions of pedestrians, e.g., symmetric starting points, symmetric destination points, and symmetric surroundings, lay the foundation for further quantitative comparisons among participants. The pedestrian trajectories in the experiments are recognized and rotated, and several aspects, e.g., the trajectory space distribution, route length, travel time, velocity distribution, and time-series, are investigated. It is found that: (1) Pedestrians prefer the right-hand side during the experiments; (2) The route length follows a log-normal distribution, the route potential obeys an exponential distribution, and travel time as well as speed are normally distributed; (3) Taking the short routes unexpectedly cost pedestrians plenty of travel time, while detours seem to be time-saving.
Extracting Crowd Velocities at High Density
Authors: Baqui Muhammad , Löhner Rainald
Published: September 2020

Velocity is a fundamental property of foot traffic flow. Monitoring the change of velocity patterns at high pedestrian densities may provide valuable insights on foot traffic dynamics. In this paper, a closer look is taken to explore the capability of the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique on extracting crowd velocities from surveillance camera images. Experiments are performed to report the accuracy of pedestrian velocity extraction with PIV. Quantitative accuracy is reported with manual tracking of pedestrians, surveying correlation misses at different window sizes and compute times. The results indicate that the PIV algorithm can be a good candidate for velocity extraction in real-time.
Influence of Obstacles on the Use of the Danger Zone on Railway Platforms
Authors: Thurau Jasmin , Keusen Nicolas
Published: September 2020

Growing passenger numbers and the lack of space available led to research on pedestrians’ behaviour on railway platforms in Switzerland. By using stereo sensors, pedestrians’ tracks were collected on a platform in the train station of Bern. The analysis of pedestrians stepping into the danger zone showed clearly that obstacles have a large influence on the frequencies of pedestrians using the danger zone. By presenting four hypotheses the effect of obstacles on pedestrians’ use of the danger zone on train station platforms is investigated.
Multiscale Pedestrian Dynamics and Infection Spread Model for Policy Analysis
Authors: Namilae Sirish , Derjany Pierrot , Liu Dahai , Mubayi Anuj , Srinivasan Ashok
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we present a formulation for a multiscale model combining a social force based pedestrian movement including collision avoidance and a stochastic infection dynamics framework to evaluate the spread of multiple infectious diseases during air travel. We apply the multiscale model to evaluate pedestrian movement strategies that can reduce infection spread during air travel. The results are presented for airport lounge and airplane boarding and deplaning. Use of parallel computing to evaluate the vast parameter space created due to stochasticity and discretionary pedestrian behavior is addressed.
Pedestrian flow characteristics through bends: Effects of angle and desired speed
Authors: Zhang Jiahua , Dias Charitha , Sarvi Majid , Asano Miho Iryo
Published: September 2020

This study quantitatively described how the desired speed, which may reflect the emergency level, and the angle of bend affect the pedestrian flow by comparing fundamental diagrams derived from trajectory data collected through laboratory experiments. Results showed that the slow running (≈ 2.8 m/s speed) can increase the maximum flow through a bend by around 60 % compared to normal walking (≈ 1.4 m/s speed) regardless of the turning angle. Further, it was found that the turning angle of the bend has a stronger negative impact on the moving speed of crowds under running conditions. Compared to the turning angle, congestion level seemed to have a minor impact on the average moving speed through the bends. On the other hand, for 90° and 180° bends, the variations of the speed were observed to decrease with the increase of density which indicated that although congestion level deteriorated the flow conditions at bends, it homogenized the collective moving speed of pedestrians.
Social Force Modeling of the Pedestrian Motion in the Mataf
Authors: Löhner Rainald , Haug Eberhard , M. Britto
Published: September 2020

Two models for the motion in the Mataf of the Holy Mosque of Makkah that are applicable to any so-called social force or agent-based model are presented. The first model assigns a desired distance to the Kaaba to each pilgrim. The second model assumes that pilgrims desire to get as close as possible to the Kaaba until a tolerable density is reached. Both models are realistic: image data shows behaviours of both types. The models are very simple to incorporate into any computational crowd dynamics code, and yield results that correlate surprisingly well with observed data.
Vulnerable People in Microscopic Evacuation Modelling
Authors: Könnecke Rainer , Schneider Volker
Published: September 2020

Computational evacuation modelling as a part of approval procedures or design processes is sometimes concerned with vulnerable people requiring special attention. This vulnerability can be based on external circumstances or on individual characteristics. Microscopic methods are well suited to deal with such specific determinants by their ability to model individual movement and certain behavioural aspects. By reference to case studies the possibilities of up-to-date individual evacuation models to cover egress scenarios including vulnerable people are discussed. The selected examples demonstrate that the evacuation of vulnerable people often depends more on the modelling of individual behaviour rather than on a very detailed description of individual characteristics. Group formation and the guidance or assistance of other people will have a strong impact on the evacuation process and thus require special modelling techniques and respective calibration and validation efforts guided by empirical studies.
A comparative study of oral versus intravenous iron in the treatment of moderately anaemic pregnant women
Authors: Gupta Shivika , Gupta Ranjana
Published: September 2020

Background: Anemia, the decrease of haemoglobin (Hb) concentration is a common disorder complicating pregnancy mostly due to hemodilution, increased demand of iron and poor dietary intake of iron. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether parenteral iron sucrose can be used as an alternative to daily oral iron during pregnancy.Methods: It was a prospective interventional study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital, Bareilly involving pregnant women at 16-24 weeks with Hb 7-10 g/dl. They were randomly allocated to two groups I and II. Group I (oral group) was given oral iron tablets containing 100 mg of elemental iron and 0.5 mg of folic acid as per therapeutic requirement. Group II (parenteral group) were admitted as day care patients and given a total calculated dose of iron sucrose in divided doses of 200 mg each in 100 ml of normal saline as slow intravenous infusion. Hb, packed cell volume (PCV), blood indices were measured at the start, 2 weeks and 4 weeks of treatment. Any side-effects of treatment were also studied.Results: A statistically significant increase in values of Hb, hematocrit, reticulocyte count, red blood cells (RBC's) indices: mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) coupled with no serious side effects with iron sucrose as compared with oral iron.Conclusions: Intravenous iron sucrose complex is safe, convenient and effective alternative to oral iron for treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy.
Comparative evaluation of tubal patency by hysterosalpingography and laparoscopic chromopertubation
Authors: S. Bindu
Published: September 2020

Background: Infertility is defined as one year of unprotected intercourse without pregnancy, primary in which no previous pregnancies have occurred and secondary in which a prior pregnancy not necessarily a live birth has occurred. The objective of the study was to compare the relative efficacy of hysterosalpingography (HSG) and laparoscopy with chromopertubation in the diagnosis of tubal factors in infertile women.Methods: 90 infertile women attending the infertility clinic at Dharmapuri Medical College and Hospital were selected for this study. The study period was from April 2016 to July 2017 these patients were initially counseled along with their partners and a thorough history of both the partners was obtained followed by a general and pelvic examination of female partners.Results: HSG results indicated that 48 patients had tubal pathology and 11 patients had uterine pathology. Of those 11 patients with uterine pathology, 6 patients with synechiae had both tubal and uterine pathology. The remaining 5 had only uterine pathology and tubes were patent in them. The site of tubal occlusion in all those blocked tubes shows that more number of the tubal blockage was seen in mid segment of the tube (24 cases) followed by the fimbrial block in 16 cases. Diagnostic laparoscopy with chromopertubation was performed in all 90 patients and the findings were recorded.Conclusions: HSG has reasonably good sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing tubal pathology of infertile women. But given the high rate of false-positive diagnosis of tubal pathology (29%) in HSG, a follow-up laparoscopy is warranted.
Mortality among the early cases of COVID-19 and its association with key comorbidities in a large state in South India
Authors: Bhat Suhas , Kolla Rohan , Shindhe Shashank D. , Munoli Surekha B.
Published: September 2020

Background: The mortality associated with the pandemic COVID-19 is a subject of intense scrutiny as COVID-19 can cause severe disease leading to hospitalization in ICU and potentially death, especially in the elderly with comorbidities. A statistical analysis is carried out to study the impact of age, gender and comorbidities on deaths among early one lakh infected population of Karnataka, a large state in south India.Methods: Daily case fatality rate and adjusted case fatality rate (CFR) (adjusted to median death time) are estimated. The impacts of age, gender and comorbidities on mortality outcomes of COVID patients are studied.Results: The daily CFR on 27th July for Karnataka is estimated from the dataset to be 1.93%. However, the adjusted CFR based on the median number of days from diagnosis to death was found to be 2.15% (95% confidence interval 2%-2.3%) on that day. The deaths among male patients outnumber those in females. As far as age of the patients is concerned, more than 50% of the deaths occurred in the age group 50-60 and 60-70 years. Majority of deaths reported in the state were associated with at least one of the comorbidity. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were the most significant comorbidities.Conclusions: The daily adjusted CFR for the study region is found to be lower than the CFR of the whole nation. Also the age, gender and comorbidities were found to be associated with the deaths as opposed to the infection alone. It was also deduced that, patients with a history of diabetes or hypertension or ischemic heart disease or a combination of any of these were most likely to experience severe outcomes of the infection.
Application of new modifying models and lifestyle changes and its role in providing better treatment for diabetes mellitus
Authors: Hassan Khaled M. , Alghamdi Moutaz A. , Althagafi Wesam E. , Alqarni Salem M. , Ramadhan Ammar K. Al , Darwish Ruqiah M. Al , Alanazi Rakan R. , Alshehri Basim H. , Albalawi Abdulraheem A. , Alqaisoom Muqdad A. , Hussain Abdullah M. , Almezher Sumyyah U. , Rajab Hadeer A. , Ghazi Ramah H. , Asiri Haneen A. Al , Aljallal Ali A.
Published: September 2020

Diabetes is one of the main threats to human health in this century. The drastic increase in incidence of diabetes worldwide has been attributed to distinct changes in human behaviour and lifestyle during the last century. To prevent the personal and socio-economic burden of diabetes effort to prevent the disease needs to start before the onset of diabetes and address all susceptibility factors. Four recent studies have shown that prevention of type 2, diabetes is possible and that reinforced lifestyle interventions or modification can significantly reduce the onset of the disease. The studies repeatedly showed that for about 60% of the persons with increased diabetes risk, compared to a control group, the diabetes was prevented from developing. Early pharmacologic preventive strategies have yielded 25-30%. These studies have convincingly demonstrated that the primary aim in prevention of type 2 diabetes is the stabilization of glucose tolerance due to improvement of insulin resistance. Based on the studies intervention protocol focuses on achieving 5 core goals. With respect to the world wide burden of diabetes this studies offer a compelling evidence base for the important translation of the research findings into community-based prevention strategies a development of a National diabetes prevention program. The workgroup “diabetes prevention” at the German diabetes association together with the diabetes foundation developed a concept for a National program. To realize this, a large number of partners are necessary. For the population based implementation of such a program the intervention is primarily based on reinforced behaviour modification (lifestyle and physical activity). As add on the pharmaco prevention of type 2 diabetes will be from increasing importance.
Transmission Control Technology in Computer Wireless Network Communication
Authors: Ling Feng , Parthasarathy Rajamohan
Published: September 2020

With the rapid development of wireless network communication in China, information transmission technology has become the key point. Information transmission mainly includes wireline network communication, wireless network communication and broadband communication. Due to the limitation of communication barriers in different areas and environment, problems, such as poor signal, weak channel transmission and distribution ability, and channel congestion, will emerge during the information transmission process. Therefore, by taking transmission control technology as the research object, analysis on the disadvantages of computer wireless network communication are conducted in this article. Some corresponding improvement measures are also put forward for reference.
Desafíos y consideraciones bioéticas de la investigación para la salud en colaboración entre países del Norte y del Sur
Authors: Andrade-Narvaez Fernando José
Published: September 2020

La investigación para la salud es esencial para enfrentar los retos actuales y futuros mediante la generación de nuevos conocimientos, que a su vez deben ser traducidos en mejores formas de prevenir y tratar las enfermedades, todo con el fin de lograr un desarrollo humano global sostenible. La tan necesaria investigación colaborativa Norte-Sur para la salud ha ido en franco aumento en las últimas décadas como respuesta a lo anterior. Por diversas razones, en esta interacción han surgido desafíos y cuestionamientos bioéticos que deben ser afrontados. En el presente trabajo se identifican 1) la asimetría; 2) el colonialismo; 3) la explotación; 4) la información, y 5) los comités de ética en investigación como los principales desafíos y se revisan los aspectos bioéticos que son necesarios atender. Resulta evidente la urgencia de construir una bioética de la investigación para la salud en colaboración entre países del Norte y países del Sur.
A Direct Discrete-Time Reduced Order Robust Model Reference Adaptive Control for Grid-Tied Power Converters with Lcl Filter
Authors: Evald Paulo J. D. O. , Tambara Rodrigo V. , Gründling Hilton A.
Published: September 2020

In this work is presented the design of a direct discrete-time reduced order RMRAC (Robust Model Reference Adaptive Control) applied to the grid-side current control of a static grid-tied voltage-fed 3-wire converter with LCL filter. The proposed controller tracks the reference model output as close as a higher order RMRAC, with similar performance. Furthermore, it rejects exogenous disturbances from grid without the need of conventional resonant controllers, often employed in this kind of application. To design the reduced order controller, the LCL filter is approximated to a first order transfer function, neglecting the capacitor influence. Besides, it is shown mathematically that capacitor is the main element that compounds the additive dynamics, which is considered as unmodelled dynamics to design the controller. Furthermore, experimental results performed in a TMS320F28335 Delfino microcontroller are presented and show the similarity of performance between proposed control method and higher order RMRAC, regarding to harmonics content, which indicate its feasibility.
Problems and Innovative Measures in Financial and Economic Management
Authors: Guan Hongqing
Published: September 2020

Since reform and opening-up of our country, market economy gets fast development and the enterprise marketing management mode has changed a lot. Then there is the unceasingly rich enterprise financial management and development. If the original financial concept do not change, it will be hard to adapt to the needs of economic development in the new period. So only by a careful analysis of new problems in the enterprise development, correctly judge the current situation can an enterprise survive in the change. In the face of the new situation, enterprises will encounter various financial problems in management and it is difficult to find scientific and reasonable solutions if they do not deal with them seriously. This paper synthesizes the financial problems in the process of enterprise development under the new situation and puts forward the corresponding solutions in order to provide help for the financial personnel to deal with related problems. 
Monitoring of the Results through a Survey Concerning the Socio-Economic Characteristics of the Elderly Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS): A Case Study in Greece
Authors: Zacharias Dermatis , Athanasios Anastasiou
Published: September 2020

The aim of the study is the determination of socio-economic characteristics of the elderly, emphasizing the usefulness of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to explore the socio-economic indicators that affect the health level of the elderly. Given the usefulness of GIS and their application in the fields of physical health, mental health, health services and general health management, a survey for the investigation of the socio-economic indicators that affect the health level of the elderly was carried out, using a specially designed questionnaire. The results of this survey were plotted in the corresponding geographical locations on the maps, giving the person concerned a full picture of the geographical distribution of socio-economic indicators that affect the health level of the elderly.
The particular issues of therapy of acute transient psychotic disorders without symptoms of schizophrenia
Authors: Bardenshteyn Leonid M. , Aleshkina G. A
Published: September 2020

The study of clinical dynamical and therapeutic aspects of acute transient psychotic disorders without symptoms of schizophrenia was carried out on sampling of 77 examined patients with psychotic conditions corresponding to diagnostic criteria of ICD-10 for the given group of disorders (F 23.0, F 23.3, F 23.8, F 23.9). The clinical psycho-pathological, clinical catamnesis, psychometric and statistical techniques were applied. The data is presented concerning characteristics of development of acute transient psychotic disorders without symptoms of schizophrenia and also dynamics of psycho-pathologic symptomatic in process of anti-psychotic therapy. It is established that acute transient psychotic disorders revealed tendency to be recurrent in the form of productive psychotic disorders that shows the cause to prescribe supporting therapy after clinical reduction of first psychotic episode.
The echocardiographic aspects of diagnostic of phenomenon of trabecularization of myocardium of left ventricle and non-compact myocardium
Authors: Dzhioeva Ol’ga N. , Kartashova E. V , Zakharova I. I , Melekhov A. V , Gendlin G. E
Published: September 2020

The left ventricular non-compaction is a disease characterizing by hyper-trabecularization of myocardium causing development of chronic heart failure. In the development of structural damages under this pathology the main role belongs to genetic disorders and dysfunction of organogenesis in early periods of gestation. The clinical manifestations are associated with development of systolic dysfunction of left ventricle, intricate abnormalities of rhythm and thromboembolic occurrences. In patients with systolic dysfunction of left ventricle phenomenon of hyper-trabecularization of myocardium is quite often found during transthoracic echocardiography. The modern diagnostic criteria permit approaching differentially issues of verification of non-compact myocardium and redundant trabecularization in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced fraction of output of left ventricle.
The history and clinical value of intraluminal endoscopy of digestive tract
Authors: Balalykin Aleksey S. , Mutsurov Kh. S , Gvozdik V. V , Verbovskiy A. N
Published: September 2020

The article presents periods of development of intraluminal endoscopy in general. Especially, the input of national specialists is considered since their works yield not to works of foreign specialists. The intraluminal endoscopy, prior to becoming independent clinical direction as effective technique of diagnostic and treatment of various diseases, - passed long and thorny path from the first invention of P. Bozzini in 1807 to our time of digital endoscopy. The modern arsenal of endoscopic methods includes biopsy, radiopaque endoscopic through-papillary interventions (endoscopic retrograde pancreocholangiography, endoscopic papillotomy), endoscopic electroexcisio of neoplasms of gastrointestinal tract, techniques of hemostasia, fistuloscopy, chromoendoscopy, endoscopic ultrasonography, narrow band endoscopy, balloon-assisted and capsular enteroscopy, etc. The intraluminal endoscopic surgery under certain diseases became alternative to common surgical operations though its active development as a new direction was apprehended negatively by many doctors and heads of clinics.
The trans-system polymorbid states and their relationship with social status of patients of therapeutic clinic
Authors: Nikolaev Yu. A , Shkurupiy V. A , Mitrofanov I. M , Polyakov Vladimir Ya. , Dolgova N. A
Published: September 2020

The article presents result of analysis of indicator of polymorbidity in sampling of 9871 patients of therapeutic clinic of the research institute of experimental and clinical medicine (Novosibirsk)during 2003-2011. The study was carried out using archive method with statistical analysis of all nosologic forms, groups and classes of ICD-10 irrespective of particular diagnosis being main or concomitant. The gender differences of indicator trans-systemic polymorbidity during 2003-2011consisted in that in males its increasing was more dynamic than in females. The trans-systemic polymorbidity is correlated with social economic indicators considering as stressors having significant importance for its occurrence and development. These regularities are more specific for males due to direct correlation between trans-systemic polymorbidity and level of payroll salary in contrast with females. Hence, necessity to take into account impact of social economic factors on development of polymorbid pathology for improving system of secondary and tertiary prevention, diagnostic, treatment and rehabilitation of concomitant nosologies in patients. The development of new medical economic standards of treatment of patients with polymorbid pathology to implement principles of personified medicine is required.
The prognostic factors of unfavorable outcome of acute transient psychotic disorders
Authors: Bardensteyn Leonid M. , Aleshkina G. A
Published: September 2020

The study was carried out to investigate prognostic factors of outcomes of transient psychotic disorders/ The sampling included 168 patients with psychotic states meeting diagnostic criteria of ICD-10 for the given group of diseases (F 23.0; F 23.1; F 23.2; F 23.3; F 23.8; F 23.9). The clinical psychopathologic, clinical catamnesis, psychometric and statistical methods were applied. The data concerning characteristics of course of various clinical alternatives of acute transient psychotic disorders is presented. A number of characteristics associated with subsequent development of secondary psychotic attack was established. The characteristics indicating lingering course of the first psychotic episode had the most prognostic significance as regards development of relapse of disease.
The modern approaches to diagnostic of diastolic cardiac insufficiency: unresolved problems and perspectives
Authors: Perutskaya E. A , Perutskiy D. N , Zarudskiy Aleksander A. , Proschaev K. I
Published: September 2020

According the data of study «EPOCHA-O-CHSN», most of Russian patients with chronic cardiac insufficiency have noncompromised ejection fraction of left ventricle. Therefore, the problem of diagnostic of diastolic chronic cardiac insufficiency seems to be extremely actual. The presented review describes pathogenesis of diastolic dysfunction of myocardium of left ventricle including both hemodynamic and molecular components of this process. It is also related about modern approaches to diagnostic of diastolic cardiac insufficiency. The special emphasis is made on results of Doppler analysis of tissue and stress echocardiography.
The dynamics of indicators of inflammation, antioxidant defense and myocardium ischemia under coronary bypass surgery using artificial blood circulation and on functioning heart
Authors: Rubanenko Olesya A. , Fatenkov O. V , Khokhlunov S. M , Limareva L. V
Published: September 2020

The article considers evaluation of indicators of inflammation, antioxidant defense and myocardium ischemia in patients with ischemic heart disease exposed to coronary bypass surgery using artificial blood circulation or on functioning heart. The sampling included 96 patients distributed to two groups. The first group included 84 patients (81% of males, average age 62,2±7,7 years) exposed to coronary bypass surgery in conditions of artificial blood circulation. The second group included 12 patients (91,7% of males, average age 59,8±8,0 years) exposed to coronary bypass surgery on functioning heart without artificial blood circulation. The study demonstrated significant increasing of level of interleukin-6 in patients with ischemic heart disease after application of coronary bypass surgery with extra-corporal blood circulation that confirms high activity of inflammation factors at the given disease. The reconstructing operations on hearts in conditions of artificial blood circulation are accompanied by decreasing of concentration of superoxiddismutase. At that, the level of analyzed bio-marker remains as compared with operation on functioning heart. This occurrence testifies activation of oxidative process and intensified consumption of as factor of antioxidant defense in the course of direct re-vascularization of myocardium. The concentration of troponin increases in post-operational period of reconstructing operation but differences are unreliable when analyzed groups are compared.
The dimness of intraocular lens of endothelium keratoplasty
Authors: Oganesyan Oganes G. , Chentsova E. V , Yakovleva S. S , Gridikanyan A. A
Published: September 2020

The endothelium keratoplasty of various modifications (DSEKTDMEK) is the first operation of choice under endothelium pathology of cornea of different genesis. The endothelium transplantation is most often implemented against the background of pseudophakia or at the same time instant with extraction of cataract and implantation of artificial crystalline lens. The clinical cases of damage of transparency of artificial crystalline lens after a routine extraction of cataract are known for a long time while dimness after endothelium transplantation is a new occurrence and related publications are singular. The study was carried out to present cases of damage of transparency of artificial crystalline lens after endothelium transplantation. During 2006-2015 more than 500 patients underwent endothelium transplantations in modifications of DLEK, DS(A)EK, FS-DSEK, invFS-DSEK and DMEK. The most of them (n=291) continue to be under regular or periodic observation. During average period of observation (78±16.8 months) four cases of dimness of artificial crystalline lens after endothelium keratoplasty were established. The biomicroscopy, visiometry and photoregistration were the main analysis techniques of establishing and studying of dynamics of dimness of crystalline lens. It is extremely difficult to establish the nature of dimness of intraocular lens after endothelium keratoplasty because explantation of intraocular lens is required. The surgical inflammatory reaction and presence of air in front camera are common for all cases of dimness of intraocular lens. The damage of transparency of intraocular lens is a complication of remote period after endothelium transplantation. The application of original technique of pneumocorneopexia promotes significant reduction of recurrent injections of air and possibly decreasing of probability of damage of transparency of intraocular lens.
The moral purity of medicine: Is it time to get rid of eponyms related to Nazism?
Authors: Damulin Igor’ V.
Published: September 2020

The article considers eponymic names of predominantly diseases of central nervous system (Hallervorden-Spatz disease, etc.) which origin is related to physicians actively cooperated with Nazis during the Second world War. The participation of these physicians in euthanasia program and also in inhuman experiments on people implemented by Nazis in concentration camps is emphasized. The conclusion is made that the reason of all this is lacking of moral standards. It is proposed to exclude a number of eponymic names related to physicians actively cooperated with Nazis.
The specifics of radiologic characteristic of clinical forms of tuberculosis
Authors: Smetanina Elena A. , Smetanin A. G , Stakhanov V. A , Romenskiy V. V
Published: September 2020

The article presents the results of analysis of medical histories and roentgenologic archive (rontgenograms, linear tomograms, photofluorograms, multispiral computer tomography data) of 85 patients with tuberculosis of organs of thoracic cavity from one of departments of hospital of anti-tuberculosis dispensary of Barnaul. To specify roentgenologic characteristics of clinical forms of tuberculosis the comparative analysis was implemented concerning description of results of roentgenologic analysis comprised by roentgenologists and authors of article. The hyper-diagnostic of clinical forms “disseminated tuberculosis of lungs” and “infiltrative tuberculosis of lungs” was established. The discrepancy between roentgenologic syndromes and clinical forms of tuberculosis was revealed. The underestimation of significance of emphasis of leading roentgenologic syndrome for formulation of clinical form of tuberculosis is emphasized.
The effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy against the background of application of Gliquidone
Authors: Titov Dmitriy S. , Pravkin S. K
Published: September 2020

The study was carried out to investigate using rabbits in vivo effect of Gliquidone on functional activity of protein-carrier of glycoprotein-P (P-gp, ABCB1-protein). The activity of P-gp was evaluated according pharmacokinetics of its marker substrate - Fexofenadine after single endogastric introduction. The application of Gliquidone in dosage of 10 mg per 1 kg of body mass during 14 days resulted in no alteration of concentration of Fexofenadine, period of its partial ejection, area under pharmacokinetic curve “concentration-time” from zero to last point of blood sampling, area under pharmacokinetic curve “concentration-time” from zero to infinity and also time of holding of marker substrate, total clearance and absorption coefficient. All this testifies absence of effect of Gliquidone on functional activity of protein-carrier at the level of integral organism. No alterations of pharmacokinetic parameters of Fexofenadine at the 5th day of cessation of Gliquidone were observed.
The etiology of agents of infectious complications after transplantation of liver and kidneys and their resistance to antibiotics
Authors: Gabrielyan Nina I. , Gorskaya E. M , Savostyanova O. A , Spirina T. S , Kornilov M. N , Akhaladze D. G , Tsirulnikova I. E , Stolyarova L. G , Safonova T. B
Published: September 2020

The study was carried out to investigate etiology and rate of prevalence of nosocomial strains of microbes in biosubstrates of patients in case of development of infectious complications and level of their resistance to various groups of antibiotics. The retrospective analysis of agents of post-operational infectious complications and their sensitivity to antibiotics in 99 patients after operations of transplantation of liver and kidneys in 2013. The patients were allocated on three groups: group I - patients of department of reanimation and intensive therapy after mentioned operations (17 individuals); group II (42 individuals) - after orthotopic transplantation of liver (19 patients) and orthotopic transplantation of kidneys (23 patients); group III (57 patients) - after kindred transplantation of hepatic lobe from living relative donor. The retrospective analysis of agents of post-operational infectious complications in patients underwent transplantation of liver and kidneys demonstrated that out of 1285 identified strains of microbes, 60.8% were presented by Gram-positive microflora with predominance of coagulase-negative staphylococci and enterococci. Among Gram-negative microflora, enterobacteria comprised the largest percentage (61%). The analysis of antibioticgrams of agents of infectious complications established low level of sensitivity of strains of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbes isolated from patients of department of reanimation and intensive therapy and to carbapenems and average level of sensitivity to Tigacil. In overall, poly-resistance of strains was established. The differences in antibiotics resistance for strains of pathogens isolated in department of reanimation and intensive therapy and specialized departments were established. The received data can be used for correction of application of antibiotics in prevention and therapy of post-operational infectious complications.
The microbiological monitoring as a most important component of system of epidemiological control of nosocomial infections
Authors: Shatalova E. V , Parakhina Ol’ga V. , Okhotnikova S. A
Published: September 2020

The etiologic structure and level of resistance of etiologically significant agents isolated from patients of multi-field hospitals of Kursk during 2012-2015 were analyzed with purpose of epidemiological control of nosocomial infections. The bacterial associations are prevailing in the structure of clinical flora (61.8%) that has no matching with publications data. The fungi of species Candida spp. are the dominating associate. In the association with fungi dominate Gram-negative microorganisms (P.aeruginosa and E.coli - 21,1%) and Staphylococcus spp. (18,4%) as a Gram-positive microorganism. The common tendencies of increasing of antibiotic resistance to common pharmaceuticals are established that results in development of hospital strains. Conclusion. The microbiological monitoring is the sole reference point of choosing appropriate therapy off nosocomial infections, preventing development of hospital strains and adjusting scheme of anti-epidemic activities.
The differential diagnostic of anemia unrelated to iron metabolism
Authors: Andreichev Nail A.
Published: September 2020

The anemia continue to be actual problem of health care all over the world, occurring in almost half of population of terrestrial globe. The anemias are very various by their etiology, pathogenesis and clinical hematological manifestations. They are differentiated by leading pathogenic mechanism of development with purpose of choosing schemes of diagnostic and treatment. However, morphological classification and classification by color index are considered for facilitating diagnostic and differentiated diagnosis. The modern diagnosis and differentiated diagnostic of anemia bounded and unbounded with iron metabolism. The differentiated diagnosis of anemia is based on analysis of clinical, laboratory and instrumental data. In case of anemia, the blood analysis is to account indices of Hb, size of erythrocytes, their Hb saturation, average volume of erythrocytes and average content of hemoglobin in erythrocytes, color index, number of reticulocytes, etc., permitting judging about character and activity of erythropoiesis. The article presents algorithm of examination in case of occurrence of normocytic anemia, anemia in case of deficiency of diet, anemia in case of chronic renal insufficiency, hemolytic anemia; diagnostic criteria of autoimmune hemolytic anemia, inherent hemolytic microspherocytic anemia, deficiency of pyruvate kinase, paroxysmal night hemoglobinuria, deficiency of glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase, anemia due to primary disorders of bone marrow, aplastic anemia, hyperchrome and macrocytic anemia, deficiency of vitamin B12 (pernicious anemia) and also folic acid.
The neurological disorders under schizophrenia: clinical characteristics and pathogenic aspects
Authors: Damulin Igor’ V. , Sivolap Yu. L
Published: September 2020

The review considers neurological disorders diagnosed in patients with schizophrenia. It is emphasized that these disorders can occur in patients without treatment with neuroleptics. The light neurological disorders are quite often given no proper consideration. The development of these disorders is based on phenomenon of uncoupling of frontal lobes with other sections of brain, both cortical and sub cortical ones. The description of disorders of motor functions is presented. At that, particular attention is paid to parkinsonism, dyskinesia, oculomotor disorders. The pathogenic aspects of neurological disorders in patients with schizophrenia are considered. The results of study applied to this category of patients using technique of structural and functional neurovisualization are presented. It is emphasized that further investigation of this problem will permit bettering comprehend pathogenesis of this disease with the purpose of development of more effective therapy.
The problems of interchangeability of inhibitors of calcinevrin: safety and effectiveness of preparations of Ciclosporin and Tacrolimus
Authors: Pasternak Evgeniya Yu. , Zatolotchina K. E , Kazakov A. S , Alyautdin R. N , Asetskaya I. L
Published: September 2020

The article considers problems of evaluation of interchangeability of referent and reproduced medicines inhibitors of calcalcineurin. The analysis of 849 spontaneous reports in the Russian database from 2009 to 2015 containing information about undesirable reactions occurring at replacement of mentioned medicines. The clinical picture of undesirable reactions and their distribution by systemic organ classes is assessed. Various alternatives of replacement are considered. The implemented analysis demonstrated that problems mostly occurred ad replacement of original medicine to reproduced one that required returning to initial therapy. It is established that 20.9% of all entered reports about cases of undesirable reactions at replacement of medicines of cyclosporine and 12.2% of medicines of tacrolimus contained information about problems occurred at replacement of medicine within the framework of one international unlicensed item.