bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Local Government Authority in Forest Protection in Tagafura Protected Forest Area, Tidore Islands City
Authors: Julham Muhammad
Published: March 2021

The research objective was to determine the authority of local governments in forest protection based on Law Number 32 of 2004 and Law Number 23 of 2014 concerning Regional Government and to see the implications of the transfer of personnel, facilities and infrastructure, and documents on the protection of the Tagafura Protected Forest Area. , Tidore Islands City. This research used interview and document study methods. The data collected were analyzed qualitatively and descriptively. The research was conducted at the Tidore Islands City Government, the North Maluku Provincial Forestry Service Office and the Kalaodi Urban Village Office. This study found that: (1) the authority of the government based on Law Number 32 of 2004 lies in the regency or city, while in Law Number 23/2014, this authority is transferred to the provincial government; (2) The transfer of personnel, transfer of facilities and infrastructure as well as documents on efforts to protect the Tagafura Protected Forest Area did not proceed properly.
Business Strategy of Decorative Plants Cultivation in Sub-District of Bacukiki Barat, Parepare
Authors: Talib Sitti Saleha , Dangnga Muhammad Siri , Irmayani Irmayani
Published: March 2021

One of the agricultural commodities that is suitable to be developed with an agribusiness system is the commodity of decorative plants. This business plays an equally important role compared to other business sectors in the process of restoring growth and economic development in Indonesia. This is proven during the crisis, in which the decorative plant commodities as part of the horticulture sub-sector have played a role as a source of income with high added value for the farmers. This study aims to analyze the business strategy of decorative plant cultivation in the Pare-pare, to analyze external and internal factors. The research object is the Green House Garden and the Agriculture Office of  Pare-pare. The data collection techniques used were interviews, questionnaires, observation and documentation involving 20 people as respondents. The data were analyzed by using qualitative descriptive analysis with a SWOT analysis approach. The results showed that the decorative plant business strategy in the Parepare was declared feasible because, based on the indicators of assessment aspect that have been determined, namely the ability of Green House Garden managers in achieving profitable sales volumes, the ability to produce better products compared to competitors, the ability to determine better prices compared to competitors, the ability to distribute better products and the ability to promote products more effectively than competitors, then the analysis of market and marketing aspects is considered feasible.
Языковая политика Российской Федерации
Authors:   Совет по русскому языку при Президенте Российской Федерации, советник Президента Российской Федерации по вопросам культуры, Толстой Владимир
Published: March 2021

Языковая политика во Франции и в России: проблемы и перспективы (выступления участников семинара российско-французского форума гражданских обществ «Трианонский диалог»)
Языки Франции
Authors:   Министерство культуры Франции, Миссия языков Франции и Заморских территорий, Лорензини Венсан
Published: March 2021

Языковая политика во Франции и в России: проблемы и перспективы (выступления участников семинара российско-французского форума гражданских обществ «Трианонский диалог»)
Проблема сохранения национальной идентичности швейцарцев в условиях глобализации (медиаметрический анализ)
Authors:   МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова, факультет журналистики, Якова Тамара , Чуфтаева Дарья ,   МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова, факультет журналистики
Published: March 2021

Тема сохранения национальной идентичности занимает особое место в повестке дня швейцарских массмедиа и привлекает активное внимание интернет- пользователей. В статье представлены результаты исследования запросов аудитории швейцарского сегмента Интернета по данной теме. Обработка статистических данных и интерпретация результатов медиаметрического анализа проводилась на основе медиагеографического подхода, акцентирующего внимание на трансформации смыслов в пространстве и времени в процессе конструирования медиареальности.
Response surface methodology and optimization of the processes for bioethanol production from Calabash (Crescentia cujete) Using Cronobacter malonaticus
Authors: Ngozi Ursulla Nwogwugwu  , Gideon O. Abu  , Onyewuchi Akaranta  , Ettienne C. Chinakwe  , Ikenna N.Nwachukwu  , Obioma K.Mejeha  , Chinedu E.Ihejirika
Published: March 2021

Aim: Response surface methodology (RSM) model was applied to optimize ethanol production from Calabash (Crescentia cujete) pulp juice using Cronobacter malonaticus. Study Design: The Calabash pulp was squeezed with muslin cloth, and vacuum filtered to clear solution before use. The clear juice was tested for reducing sugars using the Dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. Twenty three (23) runs, including 3 controls, of the fermentation was conducted at varying temperatures, pH, and volumes of inoculum. The process parameters (input variables): volumes of inoculum, temperature, and pH were subjected to response surface model, using the Central Composite Design (CCD). Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in the Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, University of Port Harcourt for six months. Methodology: Fermentation was done in conical flasks covered with cotton wool and foil in a stationary incubator for four days (96 hours). Active stock culture of Cronobacter malonaticus was used, with inoculum developed using Marcfaland’s method. Samples were collected every 24 hours, centrifuged, filtered and analyzed for measurement of the output variables: Reducing sugar, cell density and ethanol concentration. Results: The concentration of reducing sugars from Calabash pulp was 3.2 mg/ml. Results obtained also revealed that the fermentation can take place on a wide range of temperature 28-32°C. The optimal pH range for performance of C.malonaticus for the fermentation process was pH 5.95-6.5. The optimum volume of inoculum was 10%v/v (i.e. 10 ml in 90 ml juice). The optimized process using the RSM model gave 5.08% v/v bioethanol, being the highest achieved at pH6.08 and 28oC . Conclusion: The bioethanol yield from Calabash substrate is reasonable considering that the bacterium used is not known for ethanol production. Also the concentration of reducing sugars in the substrate and the duration of fermentation could be responsible for the yield.
Anime affection on human IQ and behavior in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Saud Abdullah S Alsahlly  , Sultan Khalid M Algmrawi  , Ahmad Saeed A Alshehri  , Nasser Talal N Alotiby  , Mohammad Arshad  , Sanjay Deshwali
Published: March 2021

The present study attempted to determine the effects of watching anime and understanding if watching anime could affect the mental and social aspects of kids or other group of ages, and also to decide that the teenagers and children should watch anime or not. The research design used in this study is the descriptive research method and observational where in data and facts from direct observations and online questionnaires were used to answer the research question. The finding of this study suggested that anime viewers has higher level of general knowledge comparing with the non- anime viewers and as well as higher IQ level significantly in a specific group, besides anime can be used to spread a background about any culture and plays a role in increase the economy.
Frequency and prognostic value of NPM1 mutations in Sudanese acute myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Eman Ali Elzain  , Hiba BadrEldin Khalil
Published: March 2021

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignancy of proliferative, clonal, abnormally differentiated cells of the hematopoietic system, described byevolution and genetic heterogeneity. Molecular genetics of AML regarding the prognosis of patients primarily representing by NPM1. NPM1 is a nucleolar protein that placed on chromosome 5q35.1 which transported between the nucleus and cytoplasm. It is concerned in multiple functions, including ribosomal protein assembly and transport, control of centrosome duplication, and regulation of the tumor suppressor ARF & p53. NPM1 mutations that relocalize NPM1 from the nucleus into the cytoplasm are associated with development of acute myeloid leukemia. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and shed light on the prognostic value of NPM1 mutations among Sudanese patients with acute myeloid leukemia. A cross sectional study recruited 100 patients in this study clinically diagnosed firstly (not transformed from any other malignancy) as AML patients based on the diagnostic protocol concern radioisotopecentre of Khartoum (RICK) hospital; such as morphological identification, immunophenotyping analysis, and molecular genetics, Of the 100 AML patients, 54% were newly diagnosed and 46% were admitted by chemotherapy treatment and follow up. EDTA blood or bone marrow samples were collected from patients for performing CBC, hematological studies including FAB classification, PCR protocols and sequencing. Genomic DNA was extracted from all samples using guanidine method. NPM1 mutations detection, sequencing technique was done, then sequencing analysis by software (Mega 7 Software) revealed that there were no NPM1mutations in Sudanese AML patients. The Sudanese AML patients carry wild type NPM1.
Assessing factors affecting professional bus drivers in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Bayu Yoni Setyo Nugroho  , Vilda Ana Veria Setyawati  , Slamet Isworo
Published: March 2021

Public transportation is a key solution to a connecting city in Indonesia country. An important factor of driver behavior and driver fatigue is the potential for loss in this field. This study aims to identify traffic loss risk factors associated with demographic characteristics, fatigue levels, body mass index, driver experience blood pressure levels, and inappropriate driver attitudes on public transport as well as to find out the effects of fatigue levels. This research is a cross-sectional technique with descriptive analytics. The sample in this study was 67 professional bus drivers with licenses in Central Java Province, Indonesia. Data collection in the month 1-30 January 2021. Based on the results of the study showed that 67 respondents, 77.6% experienced severe level fatigue, 85.1% worked more than 8 hours, 73.1% had a smoking habit. For Body Mass Index 29.9% are overweight, 65.7% have prehypertensive blood pressure levels. The fatigue experienced by public transport drivers is categorical as heavy (77.6%). periodic checks are required regarding the level of fatigue so that the risk of traffic accidents does not occur. The policy regarding working hours must be carried out from an average of 13.82 hours per day to 8 hours, according to regulations and a bus driver's working period of more than 5 years is a record of future health problems. Professional bus drivers have a dangerous level of fatigue, so there needs to be a change in the work system in order to avoid the risk of traffic accidents related to public transportation.
Evaluation of water quality index in some artificial aquatic environments in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Peremobowei Beldin Kpikpi  , Onome Augustina Bubu-Davies
Published: March 2021

Background and Objective: This study aimed at using application of Water Quality Index (WQI) in evaluating the quality status of some artificial aquatic environments (concrete, earthen and plastic fish tanks/pond) in Roone Fish Farm, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria were studied from October 2018 to September 2019. Methodology: Nine water quality parameters were considered and some samples were measured in-situ (Temperature, pH, conductivity (EC), total dissolved solid (TDS), turbidity, dissolved oxygen (DO) while biological oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate (NO3) and phosphate (PO4) were analyzed in the laboratory following standard methods. Results: The results obtained were subjected to Minitab version 16 and Tukey’s comparison test was also employed to separate means. The water quality index (WQI) calculation used the mean values of the nine (9) parameters chosen using the standards recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR) for drinking water quality. The water quality indices for concrete fish tank, earthen fish pond and plastic fish tank were 60.24, 73.34 and 70.20 respectively. Though, earthen fish ponds had higher WQI value and would have considered very poor water with regard to WQI calculation. The values of the WQI revealed that all the three artificial aquatic environments (concrete, earthen and plastic pond/tanks) were considered to be poor water quality. Conclusion and Recommendations: It was concluded that WQI is used as a tool for communicating information on the status of quality in different water bodies despite their medium and purpose of use. It was also recommended that the three artificial aquatic environments water should be monitored regularly and may be treated before use to avoid related public health issues.
Modeling of pollutants from artisanal refining of crude oil in Port Harcourt: A case study of Eagle Island
Authors: Adeloye Olalekan Michael  , Ekade Padiowei Joepen
Published: March 2021

Air sampling was carried out on the research area (Eagle Island) using both experimental and Gaussian dispersion model. A DM 106(particulate mass monitor) was applied to deduce the concentrations of suspended particulate matters (PM 1, PM 2.5, PM 10). Also, concentrations of pollutants (NO2, VOCs, SO2) were obtained using an Aerqual 300 device, while temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction were measured using Portable extech 45156 weather station and compass with experimental values obtained for two days (morning and night). Thus, these experimental concentration values obtained was plotted showing level of concentration at different locations (distances). In addition, Gaussian dispersion model was used to predict pollution concentration at various distances to ascertain the level of pollution within the research study area. Modeled results obtained was compared with experimental values to evaluate deviations, and a GIS based model (ARCGIS) was used to determine the general mapping of the research study area with dispersion of pollutants from source to distance up to 1000m depicted.
Legal Problems Regarding the Implementation of the Obligation to Read the Notary Deed
Authors: Hendariyadi Hendy , Hafidz Jawade , Soegianto Soegianto
Published: March 2021

Reading the deed is an obligation in every authentic deed is made, the reading of the deed by a notary is part of the verlijden or the inauguration of the reading and signing of the deed in question. If the reading of this deed is related to the making of an authentic deed which is part of perfect proof, it is clear that making a notary deed requires the real presence and physical position of the parties concerned. The purpose of this research is to analyze the Notary Public is obliged to read out the deed made based on Act No. 2 of 2014 concerning the Position of Notary Public, To analyze the legal problems of reading deeds made by the Notary, To analyze the legal consequences of deeds that are not read by a Notary based on Act No. 2 of 2014 concerning the Position of a Notary Public. The method used in this research is the method used in this research is juridical empirical, namely an approach based on applicable law and based on reality in practice. The juridical approach is used to analyze regulations that are related to the Notary Law, while the empirical approach is used to analyze the obligations of notaries in reading deeds which are seen as community behavior that has a pattern in community life that always interacts and relates to social aspects. namely an approach based on applicable law and based on reality in practice. The juridical approach is used to analyze regulations that are related to the Notary Law, while the empirical approach is used to analyze the obligations of notaries in reading deeds which are seen as community behavior that has a pattern in community life that always interacts and relates to social aspects. namely an approach based on applicable law and based on reality in practice. The juridical approach is used to analyze regulations that are related to the Notary Law, while the empirical approach is used to analyze the obligations of notaries in reading deeds which are seen as community behavior that has a pattern in community life that always interacts and relates to social aspects.The legal problem of reading deeds made by notaries, related to article 16 paragraph 7 of the Law on Notary Position regulates deviations from article 16 letter m. Where in Article 16 paragraph 7, it is stated that the reading of the deed is not mandatory, if the viewer wants the deed not to be read because the viewer has read it himself, knows and understands its contents, provided that it is stated in the cover of the deed and also on every minuta deed page initialed by the parties, and witnesses, as well as a notary. The legal consequence of the deed which is not read out by the notary based on Act No. 2 of 2014 concerning the Position of Notary Public, the deed which is not read out is still an authentic deed as long as the reasons for not reading the deed are stated.
An econometric analysis for food security in Tunisia
Authors: JEDER Houcine , Hattab Sabrine , Frija Iheb
Published: March 2021

Food security issue is getting more attention in middle-income countries such as Tunisia after the revolution 2011, where many factors affecting its food security are multiplied. An econometric analysis of food security was done through the Vector Error Correction Model approach (VECM). The result of this approach shows that there is a significant long-term causality between the dependent variables and the explanatory variables. Some signs of variables like land under cereals assert the hypothesis of Ricardo’s land rent theory and also attract attention for the preservation of land fertility in climate change context. However, there is a short-term causal relationship between food security and independents variables like: land under cereals, inflation and food imports. These results confirm that the issue of food security in Tunisia is a question of threat in the short and long-term instability. So, it is important today to readjust some factors to ensure food security in Tunisia like controlling inflation and lowering the food importation as short-term measures and preserving and improving the fertility of land under cereals and adopting climate change as long-term measures.
TUJUH KONTAK KONSELING MENYUSUI SEBAGAI UPAYA MENCEGAH TERJADINYA POSTPARTUM BLUES
Authors: Muyassyaroh Yanik , Fatmayanti Aulia , Astuti Anjar , Kuswanto Kuswanto
Published: March 2021

Postpartum blues is the onset of mental disorders in mothers postpartum, which in turn can adversely affect the mother and the baby. One of the factors triggering postpartum the difficulty breastfeeding which can increase the risk of depression. 7 contacts lactation counseling done from the beginning that since the mother's womb 28 weeks old after birth is not expected to happen later breastfeeding difficulties that can lead to postpartum blues. This has encouraged the devotees to carry out the Community Service (Pengabmas) dissemination of research results in the form of seven contacts influence on the incidence of postpartum lactation counseling blues at the Village Karangjati City District Blora Blora. Service to the community is intended to provide education to pregnant women in order to prepare for the postpartum period to be able to provide exclusive breastfeeding to reduce the risk of postpartum blues. Community service activities are carried out at 7 meetings in PKD Karangjati using methods lectures, discussion, and demonstration. This activity begins with the pre-test and post-test ends with the result is increased knowledge after being given counseling with a lecture and demonstration. The conclusion form the community service is an increased knowledge of pregnant women about the benefits of seven contacts lactation counseling can reduce the risk of postpartum blues.
Quantitative analysis of Δ9-THC-COOH in Human Urine by the Liquid-Liquid Extraction technique and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: Adaptation, Optimization and Validation
Authors: Oliveira Kleber , Scanferla Deborah , Silva Jordana , Madia Mariana , Bando Erika , Machinski Junior Miguel , Marchioni Camila , Mossini Simone
Published: March 2021

The main active compound of Cannabis sativa is Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol, which is quickly transformed into 11-nor-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid (Δ9-THC-COOH) in the human body. This research aimed to validate an efficient, fast and low-cost technique for Δ9-THC-COOH analysis in urine with adaptations of existing analytical methods. The validation process was carried out in accordance with guidelines published by ANVISA and with international guidelines. The analyte was extracted by liquid-liquid extraction and identified/quantified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Linear curves ranges were from 5 to 300 ng mL-1 (r = 0.9993; y= 0.0269x – 0.0364). Intra and inter-day precision varied from 3.38 to 9.04% and accuracy was between 83 to 112.9%. The Δ9-THC-COOH remained stable after 15-30 days of storage at -20 °C (long-term test), after 5 freeze-thaw cycles and post-processing for up to 72 hours. The method is fast, low-cost, with detection limits and quantification below the cut-off (15 ng mL-1), which makes it useful and efficient for routine use at toxicology laboratories, for drug addiction and doping control, for forensic purposes and also for controlling the use of drugs of abuse by vehicle drivers.
ЗАГАДКИ ХИМИЧЕСКОЙ ФИЗИКИ
Authors:   Федеральный исследовательский центр химической физики, БЕРЛИН АЛ. АЛ.
Published: March 2021

Приведено несколько примеров загадочных научных фактов и физико-химических явлений, имеющих нетривиальное научное объяснение, полученное как с помощью специальных вычислений, так и с помощью оригинальных экспериментов. Рассмотрены возможные причины следующих фактов и явлений: конкретного состава земной атмосферы и конкретной хиральности биологических молекул; зависимости скорости химических реакций в твердом теле от величины сдвиговой деформации; уникальных особенностей стеклообразного состояния вещества при переходах стекло-жидкость и при пластической деформации; существования материалов с отрицательным коэффициентом Пуассона; существования условий, при которых диффузионный режим протекания химических превращений оказывается технологически более выгодным, чем кинетический режим; необычно высокого порядка скорости полимеризации циклического тримера формальдегида триоксана по концентрации триоксана (вплоть до 7!); и высокой прочности природных полимерных материалов (древесины).
ТЕРМОДИНАМИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА N-C3F7I И ЕГО МОНОМОЛЕКУЛЯРНАЯ ДИССОЦИАЦИЯ В УСЛОВИЯХ УДАРНО-ТРУБНОГО НАГРЕВА
Authors:   Объединенный институт высоких температур Российской академии наук, БЫСТРОВ Н.С. , ЕМЕЛЬЯНОВ А. В. ,   Объединенный институт высоких температур Российской академии наук, ЕРЕМИН А. В. ,   Объединенный институт высоких температур Российской академии наук, ЛУХОВИЦКИЙ Б. И. ,   Объединенный институт высоких температур Российской академии наук,   Центральный институт авиационного моторостроения им. П.И. Баранова, ШАРИПОВ А. С. ,   Объединенный институт высоких температур Российской академии наук,   Центральный институт авиационного моторостроения им. П.И. Баранова, ЯЦЕНКО П.И. ,   Объединенный институт высоких температур Российской академии наук,   Московский государственный технический университет им. Н.Э. Баумана
Published: March 2021

Методом атомно-резонансной абсорбционной спектроскопии (АРАС) на длине волны 183,04 нм проведены время-разрешенные измерения абсорбционных профилей атомарного йода в процессе диссоциации 0,13-10 ppm n-C3F7l в Ar. Исследования выполнялись на кинетической ударной трубе за падающими и отраженными ударными волнами при температурах 800-1200 K и давлениях 0,6-8,3 бар. На основании полученных экспериментальных данных была вычислена константа скорости мономолекулярной диссоциации 1-йодгептофторпропана: C3F7I + (M) C3F7 + I + (M). Значение константы скорости получено в виде Аррениусовской зависимости: kist(±30%) = 1,05 • 1014 exp (-200,4 [кДж/моль]/(RT)) [с-1 ]. Наряду с экспериментами были проведены квантово-химические расчеты поверхностей потенциальной энергии (ППЭ) молекулы C3F7I и ее первичных продуктов диссоциации методом функционала электронной плотности. На основание расчетов определены такие термодинамические характеристики n-C3F71, как стандартная энтальпия образования, энтропия и теплоемкость, а также стандартная энтальпия реакции. Для этих величин получены температурные зависимости, которые аппроксимированы в виде стандартного семипараметрического полинома NASA.
The Case for Establishing a Blockchain Research and Development Program at an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Kallhoff Verena , Khurshid Anjum
Published: March 2021

Objective: To develop a research and development program to study factors that will support research, education and innovation using blockchain technology for health in an effective and sustainable manner. We proposed to conduct qualitative research to generate insights for developing a market strategy to build a research lab for the promotion of blockchain technologies in health in academic environments. The team aimed to identify the key barriers and opportunities for developing a sustainable research lab that generates research, education, and application of blockchain in healthcare at an academic medical institution and test those strategies in a real-world scenario.
Methods: The research team identified potential customers and stakeholders through interviews and snowball sampling. The team conducted semi-structured interviews with 4 faculty researchers, 10 industry leaders, and 6 students from a variety of disciplines and organizations. The findings of these research activities informed our understanding of the needs of stratified customers and helped identify key assets and activities the lab will have to offer to meet those needs.
Results: The research insights from data analysis were used to build the business model for establishing a blockchain in health impact lab. This systematic study of areas where blockchain technology can impact health will guide the future development of research agenda for the researchers on campus.
Conclusion: Based on our learnings, we hope to design a Blockchain in Health Impact Lab to serve as a platform for students and faculty to come together with industry partners and explore current challenges of blockchain in healthcare. The academic medical center’s partnership with other healthcare providers will help create real-world opportunities to demonstrate and implement new technologies.
Creating NACO Authority Records or Why Librarians Are Better than Google
Authors: Siedlecki Armin
Published: March 2021

Creating NACO authority records can constitute an important service for theological librarians, not only for the benefit of other Atla members, but for catalogers in general, since they are contributing information for headings in their own area of specialization and are typically more familiar with the resources that provide the relevant information. This is a description of the basic steps involved in creating a NACO authority record with the help of the Authority Toolkit.
ASPECTOS DA SOCIEDADE ENFATIZANDO A VIOLÊNCIA NO COTIDIANO DAS CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Santos de Oliveira Ana Claudia , de Jesus Filho Carlos Bispo
Published: March 2021

Este artigo discute conceitos da violência abordando tópicos sobre passado e presente da violência no Brasil; a sociedade de consumo; a violência contra crianças e adolescentes; e as causas e consequências da violência na formação social. A metodologia da pesquisa foi a revisão bibliográfica em livros, artigos e dissertações na internet entre outras fontes. Conclui-se que No Brasil a violência é a expressão mais importante do impacto desorganizador que a desigualdade social e o patrimonialismo, junto com a explosão de expectativas associadas ao individualismo e ao consumismo sobre o conjunto da sociedade. Essa desorganização chega a impossibilitar a rotina diária das crianças e adolescente não só dos grupos mais pobres como das classes média e alta.
A Conceptual paper on Media Freedom: Comparing Islamic and Western Perspectives
Authors: Kasirye Faiswal
Published: March 2021

the study compares media freedoms as they are practiced by comparing both islamic and western perspectives
ABD-TÜRKİYE İKİLİ İLİŞKİLERİNİN BAŞLANGICI: BERBERÎ SAVAŞLARI (1801-1805 ve 1815)
Authors: KILLIOĞLU Mehmet Erkan
Published: March 2021

Sıklıkla Stratejik Ortaklık olarak tanımlanan Türk-Amerikan ilişkileri çoğunlukla II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Marshall Yardımı ve Türkiye’nin NATO’ya üyelik başvurusu ve kabulü ile ilişkilendirilir ve bu noktada başladığı iddia edilir. Ancak iki ülke I. Dünya Savaşı sırasında karşı saflarda yer almış, Anadolu’yu işgale gelen Yunan kuvvetleri ABD donanmasının sağladığı koruma altında İzmir’de karaya çıkmıştır. Fakat bu olay da ilişkilerin başlangıç noktası değildir; iki ülkenin ilk kez temas ettiği ve karşı karşıya geldiği olay tarihte Berberî Savaşları olarak adlandırılan iki ayrı savaş sebebiyledir. Bu karşılaşmadan Türkiye’nin hafızasında fazla bir şey kalmamışken ABD’nin hafızasında Deniz Piyade Marşı’ndaki “To the shores of Tripoli” nakaratı kalmış ve devlet hafızasında yer etmiştir. İşte bu çalışmada iki taraf arasındaki ilk temas olan Berberî Savaşları incelenecektir.
Causation and dispositions: Towards a semantic characterization of the French causative verb laisser
Authors: Donazzan Marta , Raffy Clémentine , von Heusinger Klaus
Published: March 2021

The French causative verb laisser can enter two different constructions: a monoclausal one resembling the faire-infinitive construction (Kayne 1975, Alsina 1992, Guasti 1996, Folli & Harley 2007) and a biclausal one. While differences in interpretation between these two constructions have been pointed out (Kayne 1975, Enghels & Roegiest 2012), the link between structure and conceptual representation has not been clearly defined yet. In this paper, we tackle the syntax and semantics of causative laisser adopting as a background Talmy’s (1988) force dynamics model of causation. We further show that the link to the selectional restrictions of the causative verb can be made by considering forces as dispositional causal properties (Fara 2001), that is, properties that become relevant with respect to the role of an entity in a causal chain.
What satisfaction with democracy? A global analysis of “satisfaction with democracy” measures
Authors: Devine Daniel
Published: March 2021

Asking citizens ‘the way democracy works’ is the basis of a wide literature on the support citizens have for their political institutions, and is one of the most common survey items in political science. Moreover, it is a key indicator for the purported global decline in legitimacy. Yet, its trends, levels and dynamics are still debated, and conclusions may be erroneous. In this paper, we compile a unique global dataset between 1973 and 2018 encompassing all major cross-national datasets and national election studies in 12 countries to study the dynamics and consistency of SWD measures globally. Our results show that while trends and between-country differences in democratic satisfaction are largely similar, the levels of satisfaction vary substantially between survey projects, and both trends and levels vary significantly in several widely studied countries. We show that this has consequences at the individual level: opting for one survey over another may alter our conclusions about the relationship between key demographics and SWD. Thus, researchers studying SWD should endeavour to consult diverse survey sources and should be cautious about their conclusions when they do not, especially when it comes to making claims about changes in SWD over time.
The novel Artificial Neural Network assisted models: A review
Authors: Srivastav Bhanu
Published: March 2021

Neural networks are one of the methods of artificial intelligence. It is founded on an existingknowledge and capacity to learn by illustration of the biological nervous system. Neuralnetworks are used to solve problems that could not be modeled with conventional techniques.A neural structure can be learned, adapted, predicted, and graded. The potential of neuralnetwork parameters is very strong prediction. The findings are more reliable than standardmathematical estimation models. Therefore, it has been used in different fields.This research reviews the most recent advancement in utilizing the Artificial neural networks.The reviewed studies have been extracted from Web of Science maintained by ClarivateAnalytics in 2021. We find that among the other applications of ANN, the applications onCovid-19 are on the rise.
Tugas laporan baca sosiologi
Authors: Tempati Riko
Published: March 2021

Pada buku Sosiologi Pendidikan yang ditulis oleh Abdullah Idi, Ia mengawali dengan sebuah penjelasan sejarah sosiologi pendidikan. Dalam bukunya, penulis menjelaskan bahwa sosiologi pendidikan merupakan cabang ilmu sosiologi, yang sering di sebut sebagai sosiologi mikro. Bab ini mengungkapkan sejumlah aspek, antara lain : sejarah munculnya ilmu sosiologi, sosiologi pendidikan dan ruang lingkup sosiologi pendidikan. Manusia sebagai makhluk sosial menimbulkan kegiatan yang melibatkan ilmu pengetahuan sebagai upaya kegiatan manusia untuk mendidik generasi mudanya.
Stopping timed actions.
Authors: Matzke Dora , Strickland Luke Joseph Gough , Sripada Chandra , Weigard Alexander Samuel , Puri Rohan , He Jason , Hirst Rebecca , Heathcote Andrew
Published: March 2021

The ability to inhibit ongoing responses that suddenly become inappropriate is essential for safe and effective interaction with an ever-changing and unpredictable world. Response inhibition is quantified by the unobservablestop-signal reaction time (SSRT), the completion time of an inhibitory process triggered by a signal to stop responding. SSRTs can be inferred based on a model in which inhibitory and response processes race with each other to control behavior. Inhibition is usually studied in the context of choice responses, but there has been increasing interest in what is often a key component of skilled behavior, stopping a response that is timed to coincide with an anticipated event. We show that SSRT measurement via the standard race model fails for anticipated responses because the stop signal changes the perception of the passage of time, due to the long-known “filled-interval illusion”. We propose a computational model of anticipated response inhibitionthat takes account of this distortion of time perception and show that this model produces valid estimates of not only SSRT, but also another key process that determines inhibitory ability, lapses in attention. Our new modeland accompanying Bayesian estimation procedures provide a solid basis for the burgeoning study of timed-action control.
Retention and Transfer of Cognitive Bias Mitigation Interventions: A Systematic Literature Study
Authors: Korteling J. E. , Toet Alexander , J.Y.J.gerritsma
Published: March 2021

Cognitive biases can adversely affect human judgment and decision making and should therefore preferably be mitigated, so that we can achieve our goals as effectively as possible. Hence, numerous bias mitigation interventions have been developed and evaluated. However, to be effective in practical situations beyond laboratory conditions, the bias mitigation effects of these interventions should be retained over time and should transfer across contexts. This systematic review provides an overview of the literature on retention and transfer of bias mitigation interventions. A systematic search yielded 52 studies that were eligible for screening. At the end of the selection process, only 12 peer-reviewed studies remained that adequately studied retention over a period of at least 14 days (all 12 studies) or transfer to different tasks and contexts (one study). Eleven of the relevant studies investigated the effects of bias mitigation training using game- or video-based interventions. These 11 studies showed considerable overlap regarding the biases studied, kinds of interventions, and decision-making domains. Most of them indicated that gaming interventions were effective after the retention interval and that games were more effective than video interventions. The study that investigated transfer of bias mitigation training (next to retention) found indications of transfer across contexts. To be effective in practical circumstances, achieved effects of cognitive training should lead to enduring changes in the decision maker’s behavior and should generalize towards other task domains or training contexts. Given the small number of overlapping studies, our main conclusion is that there is currently insufficient evidence that bias mitigation interventions will substantially help people to make better decisions in real life conditions. This is in line with recent theoretical insights about the ‘hard-wired’ neural and evolutionary origin of cognitive biases.
Meta-Analytic Evidence Against Sex Differences in Infants' Preference for Prosocial Agents
Authors: Margoni Francesco , Block Katharina , Hamlin Kiley , Zmyj Norbert , Schmader Toni
Published: March 2021

Can well-documented gender differences in evaluations of prosocial vs. antisocial actions found in childhood and adulthood be traced to sex differences in basic sociomoral preferences in infancy? We provide an answer to this question by meta-analyzing sex differences in preference for prosocial over antisocial agents in a set of 53 samples of American and European infants and toddlers aged between four and 32 months (N = 1,094). Although the original studies were agnostic to sex differences, we were able to retrieve the original datasets and estimate the effect of infants’ and toddlers’ sex on sociomoral preferences. Employing both a standard frequentist and a Bayesian approach to meta-analysis, we found strong evidence supporting the absence of sex differences in sociomoral preferences among infants and toddlers. We discuss the relevance of this finding for theories and descriptions of the emergence and developmental trajectory of gender differences in morality.
European Americans’ Intentions to Confront Racial Bias: Considering Who, What (Kind), and Why
Authors: Brown Riana M. , Craig Maureen A. , Apfelbaum Evan
Published: March 2021

Confrontation research has primarily focused on what drives individuals’ intentions to confront strangers who express prejudicial attitudes (i.e., interpersonal bias; for reviews see Ashburn-Nardo & Karim, 2019; Kawakami et al., 2019). However, bias manifests in multiple forms, including biased policies and institutional practices (i.e., structural bias) or bias perpetrated by close others (e.g., friends), and little is known about what factors impede (or facilitate) intentions to confront these different manifestations of bias. Across three experiments, European Americans reported wanting to confront instances of structural racial bias more than interpersonal racial bias. This was driven by perceptions that the examples of structural bias were more harmful and that confronting would be more effective in changing the perpetrator’s behavior, compared with examples of interpersonal bias. Additionally, participants expressed greater intentions to confront friends over strangers (Studies 1-2), due to participants’ perceptions that they personally would be effective confronters and that friends would be more receptive. This work provides insight into people’s intentions to confront varying manifestations of bias, namely biased structures and close others.
Exports and Innovation in Malaysia: the role of Heterogeneity
Authors: Chen YuanFang , Goh Lim Thye
Published: March 2021

The objective of this paper was to empirically examine the impact of exports on the level of innovation in the manufacturing sector of Malaysia and to focus on the role of heterogeneity in exports by using detailed industry-level cross-sectional data on Malaysia’s manufacturing sector in 2014. Utilising the CDM model, as postulated by Crepon, Duguet & Mairesse (1998), this paper investigated whether exporting to more countries, exporting greater volumes, and exporting greater volumes to high-income countries induced industry to increase its level of innovation. Estimates from the CDM model showed, overall, a positive impact of exports on innovation, more specifically, heterogeneity in exports mattered to industries’ innovating in the manufacturing sector in Malaysia. Additionally, exporting to additional foreign destinations, exporting greater volumes of product, and exporting more products to low-income countries, especially to South Asian and Southeast Asian countries, had a significant influence on inducing industries to engage in innovation activities.
Potencionální vlivy na percepci a produkci řeči v důsledku opatření souvisejícími s prevencí SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19). Pohled logopeda
Authors: Vitásková Kateřina
Published: March 2021

The aim of this article is to emphasise some issues arising from the measures undertaken in the prevention of SARS CoV-2 (COVID-19), as commented from the perspective of a speech and language therapist. The consequences mentioned in the article may affect not only the speech and language therapist’s diagnosis and intervention, but also the everyday activities of educators and special educators, psychologists, or parents engaged in the verbal transmission of information or complex communication behaviour. The article focuses on the connection of the selected phenomena we identify in the context of the multimodal notion of perception, comprehension, and production of speech, which we adopt with regard to the paradigm shift of providing modern speech language therapy in various (educational, clinical, or counselling) environments. In order to do so, this paper employs the scientific results of phoniatrics, audiology, neurology, stomatology and orthodontics, psychology, and other disciplines connected to speech perception and production of verbal and nonverbal communication.
DS18B20 sensor calibration compared with fluke hart scientific standard sensor
Authors: Permana Asep Nata , Wibawa I Made Satriya , Putra I Ketut
Published: March 2021

The DS18B20 sensor calibration has been conducted using a fluke hart with a temperature chamber at the center for meteorology, climatology, and geophysics region III Denpasar. The calibration process is done by stabilizing the temperature in the chamber, then the temperature on the DS18B20 sensor and the standard thermometer in the chamber are read and compared. The setpoints used were 10 oC, 20 oC, 30 oC and 40 oC each set point was read four times. The results of the calculation of the standard deviation at each setpoint are  0,39 oC,  0,12 oC,  0,00 oC,  0,00 oC and the results of the uncertainty for each setpoint are 0,65 oC,  0,20 oC,  0,18 oC,  0,18 oC. The results of the DS18B20 sensor calibration using a fluke hart with a temperature chamber obtained the highest standard deviation value of 0,39 oC and the highest uncertainty value was 0,65 oC. This value indicates that the DS18B20 sensor calibrated with a standard tool at the 10 oC set point has not met the standard value applied by WMO, which is ±0.3 oC.
Representasi Perempuan Dalam Iklan Rokok
Authors: Rahmatika Arina
Published: March 2021

AbstracCigarette advertisement is one of the ads that has an interesting concept because it is limited by some laws. So inevitably, demand that cigarette’s advertisement thinks harder in their efforts to display a cigarette without displaying the shape and embodiment of its product. So, don’t be surprised if cigarette advertisement can cause many interpretations and even cause contradiction in society. This case of cigarette advertisement A MILD Edition “Mula Mula Malu-Malu, Lama Lama Mau”. Based on the results of research by using analysis of Roland Barthes, then cigarette advertising shows that the advertisement does not apply of the principle of gender equality and woman’s emancipation, even advertising tend to be patriarchy, bend and change the image of woman in accordance with the product offered.  Keyword: Advertisement, cigarette, woman
Preface
Authors: Blockley R.C.
Published: March 2021

In the Summer of 1977 Carleton University announced the forthcoming publication of Florilegium, an annual devoted to the ancient and mediaeval cultures of Europe, North Africa, and the Near East. The first issue was planned for the Spring of 1978. This, the first issue of Florilegium, appears, therefore, one year late — not as a result of the editors' tardiness but because of the comparatively small number of acceptable submissions that met both the high standards of quality set by our editorial board and the particular scope planned for the annual at its initiation. Our intention was then, and still is, to welcome papers which take a cross-cultural or interdisciplinary approach to history, literature, and other relevant areas of study, which explore the continuities between the ancient and the mediaeval world, and which try to develop n ew methodologies or adapt those developed by other disciplines. Many of the papers in the first volume do not come as close to meeting these objectives as we would have liked; it is our hope that authors interested in this kind of research will be more widely represented in future issues.
Elementary and Secondary Education in the Roman Empire
Authors: Booth Alan D.
Published: March 2021

"Elementary" and "secondary" are terms regularly applied to the Instruction of the grammatistes and the grammatiaus respectively; and scholars accept as prevalent a pattern whereby children began attending the former from the age of six or seven for the 3 R's, and then progressed to the latter at the age of eleven or twelve for more advanced linguistic and literary studies. Such a system is certainly attested, but, since the evidence is sparse, scholars must invoke the conservatism typical of education that they may assume its general currency. Yet the situation with elementary and grammar schooling in England between the thirteenth and sixteenth centuries, where no lesser opportunity for uniformity existed, may enjoin caution. In this era, certain grammar schools demanded competence in the elements for admission, but "there are far more references to suggest that the stratification of education had not proceeded very far even by the beginning of the sixteenth century." Again, the evidence, which is as plentiful as, and more precise than, that from Antiquity, permits only the most tentative conclusion on the subject of age-limits: "It seems therefore likely that boys usually set off for grammar school between the ages of nine and twelve, though this probably varied according to circumstances, the abilities of the pupil, the interest and resources of his parents or patrons and the existence of suitable schools. T h a t similar variation obtained in Antiquity would seem a reasonable expectation, but m o d e m preconceptions about elementary and secondary stages have caused neglect of evidence which attests alternatives to the grammatistes-grammatious progression.