bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dietary Vitamin A intakes among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Health Facilities: As a connotation for the progress of vitamin A Deficiency in Dessie Town, North East Ethiopia
Authors: Koricho Zenebech , Atomssa Gudina Egata , Mekonnen Tefera Chane , Tadesse Sisay Eshete
Published: January 2019

Vitamin A plays important roles in vision, cellular differentiation, embryonic development, reproduction, growth, and the immune system. Women living in developing countries are at increased risk of undernutrition during pregnancy due to poverty, poor diet quality and quantity, and high fertility rate. Dietary quality and diversity reflect adequacy of vitamin A whereby reduce the risk of vitamin A deficiency. The aim of study was to determine adequacy of vitamin A among pregnant women attending antenatal care in health facilities of Dessie town, Ethiopia, January, 2017. Health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 390 women that attended antenatal care in Dessie town. The 9 food groups from FAO based on 24hours dietary recall was used for data collection. Adequacy of vitamin A was determined from nutrient adequacy ratio after obtaining report of nutrient intake from food composition table version III and IV in terms of B carotene and retinol equivalent respectively, based on estimated average requirement recommendation of vitamin A, 370 RE/day for pregnant women. Multivariable Logistic regression analysis was done after dichotomizing the dependent variables.

Adequacy of vitamin A among pregnant women was 41.8 % with an average nutrient adequacy ratio of 0.9. The mean dietary intake of vitamin A was 290.1μg per day. The predictors for adequacy of vitamin A were high and medium women diversity score (AOR=2.92; CI: 1.50-5.70) and (AOR=1.87; CI: 1.11- 3.16).

In this study adequacy of vitamin A was low and affected by women dietary diversity score. Focusing on food based approaches especially educating pregnant women to diversify their diet is crucial to reduce their risk of vitamin a deficiency.
Inter-partner dynamics and joint venture competitiveness: a fuzzy TISM approach
Authors: Bamel Nisha , Dhir Sanjay , Sushil Sushil
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify the inter-partner dynamics-based enablers of joint venture (JV) competitiveness. In addition, this paper models the interactions among identified enablers/factors to project the strength of their relationship with JV competitiveness.

Design/methodology/approach

ISM- and total interpretive structural modeling (TISM)-based fuzzy TISM approach has been used to examine the interactions and strength of interactions among identified enablers of JV competitiveness.

Findings

The analysis concludes that inter-partner dynamics-based enablers, such as partner fit, power symmetry and trust, have strong driving power and low dependence power and are at the lowest level of hierarchy in fuzzy TISM model. Variables like collaborative communication, organizational learning and absorptive capacity are linkage variables and they have high dependence as well as driving power and they lie in the second level of fuzzy TISM hierarchy. Strategic flexibility is found to have high dependence power and has weak driving power. The outcome variable JV competitiveness found to have zero driving power and highest dependence power.

Practical implications

The findings have implications for practitioners and policy makers. JVs may achieve competitiveness by managing identified enablers (inter-partner dynamics).

Originality/value

Present paper is one among the few efforts that address the issue of JV competitiveness (post-formation of JV). Methodologically also, this study is one among few initial efforts of using modified fuzzy TISM to explore and understand the linkage among enablers and outcome variables. Modified fuzzy TISM process carries out transitivity checks along with the successive pair-wise comparisons and simplifies the fuzzy TISM approach.
Elaborating factors affecting visual control in a big room
Authors: Majava Jukka , Haapasalo Harri , Aaltonen Kirsi
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The “big room” concept and lean philosophy have become increasingly popular in the construction industry. Visual control is a central part of lean philosophy and the big room concept; its aim is to improve information flow, joint problem-solving and real-time decision-making. Visual control facilitates effective project management by providing information on what work is performed and why, customer requirements, deadlines, work status and potential problems. This study aims to explore how visualisation supports project management and control in a big room and the factors that facilitate good visual control.

Design/methodology/approach

This research is based on the case study method, and the objective is to elaborate the current understanding of factors that affect visual control. The study includes a literature review and an empirical study of a large construction project.

Findings

The results indicate that many factors facilitate visual control. Despite the importance of facilities and tools, communication and teamwork are identified as the key factors. On a broader level, the results indicate a need for a holistic approach in developing visual management strategies and practices in the construction industry and in complex projects in particular.

Research limitations/implications

A single case may not be able to offer a generalised picture of this complex topic. However, the study provides novel insights for practitioners and researchers interested in the development of visual control and big rooms. Future research topics are also proposed.

Originality/value

While previous studies have identified many elements of successful big room implementation – including integration and early involvement, information sharing, tools and facilities – this study focusses specifically on the factors that facilitate visual control.
Developing an institutional repository using Digital Commons
Authors: Brush Denise A. , Jiras Jonathan
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to share the knowledge and lessons learned about the process of developing an institutional repository (IR) using a hosted solution, Digital Commons from bepress, and to make the case that Digital Commons is still the best IR solution for smaller university libraries.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a case study based on Rowan University Libraries developing an IR using the Digital Commons platform.

Findings

To implement a hosted solution successfully, key actions include defining the repository’s scope and mission early in the process, including a variety of stakeholders in promoting the repository, integrating the repository with a faculty profile system and being able to effectively work collaboratively with both internal and external professionals in developing the system.

Originality/value

This paper will be valuable to academic librarians considering implementing an IR on, or migrating an existing repository to, the Digital Commons platform.
Insights from an intersectional view of the self for non-heterosexual female youth workers
Authors: Hatton Jean , Monro Surya
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the relevance of intersectional theory (Crenshaw, 1989; Winker and Degele, 2011) in understanding how youth workers name themselves in their everyday lives. An intersectional approach will assist youth workers in developing a clear understanding of their own self as they work with young people from diverse and challenging backgrounds.

Design/methodology/approach

This research takes a qualitative approach, using in-depth interviews with cisgendered, female lesbian, gay and bisexual respondents of different social class, religion, ethnicity and age about their everyday experiences.

Findings

Intracategorical and anticategorical intersectional approaches (McCall, 2005) were used to assist in understanding how these professionals chose to name themselves in their personal and working lives.

Originality/value

The youth work literature, although focussed on the importance of issues of diversity, has not engaged with the ideas of intersectionality. The focus on intersections of sexuality, as well as social class, religion, ethnicity and age, fills another gap in the literature where less attention has been paid to the “category” of sexuality (Richardson and Monro, 2012; Wright, 2016b). These findings will be useful for youth workers and for practitioners and their trainers from a range of professional backgrounds such as therapists, social workers, teachers and health care practitioners.
Leveling the playing field: out-of-town buyer premiums in US housing markets over time
Authors: Kandlbinder Katrin , Miller Norman G. , Sklarz Michael
Published: January 2019

Purpose

Historically, research shows that out-of-town buyers of real estate are informationally disadvantaged and therefore pay higher prices compared to in-town buyers. However, with the recent advent of online housing platforms, a plethora of information about the housing market is provided for free. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether out-of-town buyers do in fact pay a premium and why, and whether this premium has decreased because of better information availability.

Design/methodology/approach

A hedonic regression model over a ten-year window (2005, 2015) is developed to analyze condominium transactions in Miami-Dade County. The results are validated by various robustness checks and the propensity score matching algorithm to identify a comparable control sample for 2015 in terms of relevant housing characteristics.

Findings

The results support the hypothesis that out-of-town buyers pay higher prices for real estate, compared to their local counterparts, and that both search costs and anchoring cause a premium in both years, whereas wealth only plays a significant role in 2005. The premium because of search costs, and therefore, information availability has decreased slightly over time.

Originality/value

This is the first out-of-town paper that compares two points in time versus a single cross-section analysis. Besides the premium caused by information asymmetry/search costs measured by distance and the anchoring effect, the regression model is extended by the wealth effect.
CA-KSE: a combinatorial algorithm for benchmarking in knowledge sharing environment
Authors: Ayo Femi Emmanuel , Folorunso Olusegun , Folorunso Sakinat Oluwabukonla
Published: January 2019

Purpose

Over the past decade, the cost of product development has increased drastically, and this is due to the inability of most enterprises to locate suitable and optimal collaborators for knowledge sharing. Nevertheless, knowledge sharing is a mechanism that helps people find the best collaborators with relevant knowledge. Hence, a new approach for locating optimal collaborators with relevant knowledge is needed, which could help enterprise in reducing cost and time in a knowledge-sharing environment. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

One unique challenge in the domain of knowledge sharing is that collaborators do not possess the same number of events resident in the knowledge available for sharing. In this paper, the authors present a new approach for locating optimal collaborators in knowledge-sharing environment using the combinatorial algorithm (CA-KSE).

Findings

The proposed pattern-matching approach implemented in Java is considered efficient for solving the issue peculiar to collaboration in knowledge-sharing domain. The authors benchmarked the proposed approach with its semi-global pairwise alignment and global alignment counterparts through scores comparison and the receiver operating characteristic curve. The results obtained from the comparisons showed that CA-KSE is a perfect test having an area under curve of 0.9659, compared to the other approaches.

Research limitations/implications

The paper has proposed an efficient algorithm, which is considered better than related methods, for matching several collaborators (more than two) in KS environment. The method could be deployed in medical field for gene analysis, software organizations for distributed development and academics for knowledge sharing.

Originality/value

One sign of strength of this approach, compared to most sequence alignment approaches that can only match two collaborators at a time, is that it can match several collaborators at a faster rate.
Youth empowerment and sustainable development
Authors: Gill Shahzad Ali , Aftab Rashid , Rehman Shafiq Ur , Javaid Saba
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between youth empowerment and sustainable development (SD) with regards to the Prime Minister’s Youth Program (PMYP).

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected from randomly selected respondents (n=275) studying in Higher Education Institutions through online and self-administered structured questionnaire and from multiple secondary data sources.

Findings

The research findings infer that youth empowerment is significantly affected by the PMYP and there is a significant positive relationship between youth empowerment and SD. Overall, respondents appear to be satisfied with the program offerings and consider it a genuine effort toward youth empowerment for SD, but such notion also necessitates an integrated youth development paradigm in Pakistan.

Research limitations/implications

The cornerstone of nation’s development is an established realization worldwide that the involvement of youth in development processes is essential to save the country from “youth bulge” while converting this contour into a “demographic dividend.” It was, therefore, pertinent to explore how development actors can engage youth in order to transform priority areas into development programming and policies.

Originality/value

This study deals with quite an unexplored phenomenon of youth empowerment; hence, it serves as one of the first studies to provide evidence of the relationship between youth empowerment and SD in Pakistan’s perspective. Further, it also provides a basis for carrying out advance research on youth empowerment which may assist the government, NGOs and other donor agencies to understand youth issues and blueprint apposite strategies accordingly.
Managing risk for sustainable microfinance
Authors: Knewtson Heather , Qi Howard
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide an insurance framework to address the challenge of managing default risk for lenders providing credit to small and micro businesses.

Design/methodology/approach

A theoretical model is developed showing how mircrofinance lenders can better manage the default risks of small and micro businesses, which assists lenders in sustainably providing affordable microfinance.

Findings

The model explains how to determine the feasible range of insurance premiums to advise lenders on the appropriate price for microinsurance protecting against small and micro business default. This will enable microfinance institutions to better manage default risk, and thereby provide sustainable and accessible microfinance assistance to small and micro businesses.

Social implications

The need for microfinance is essential to support small and micro businesses. The insurance framework assists financial institutions in managing default risk of small and micro businesses, enhancing sustainability of these critical financing channels, and supporting the economic development of society in both the developed and developing worlds. The insurance framework proposed will help both policymakers and financial institutions to make better economic decisions, thereby serving small and micro businesses.

Originality/value

This is the first study in the area of microfinance to propose a way to solve the challenge of providing sustainable mircrofinance services and mitigating small and micro businesses’ difficulty in receiving the financial help they need.
An integrated model of marketing knowledge – a tacit knowledge perspective
Authors: Zebal Mostaque , Ferdous Ahmed , Chambers Colin
Published: January 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to develop and propose an integrated model of marketing knowledge from a tacit knowledge management perspective. This paper further aims at developing a linkage between explicit knowledge perspective (internal and external marketing) and tacit knowledge orientation of an organization, leading to improved business success.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper develops a conceptual model showing the integration of the internal, tacit and explicit knowledge perspectives that results in improved business success. The proposed model and associated propositions are drawn from the synthesis of relevant knowledge and marketing literature.

Findings

Five major associated propositions are offered in the paper, which inform both scholars and practitioners about what constitutes a holistic market orientation and how organizations can achieve business success by adopting both an internal and external orientation to tacit and explicit knowledge management.

Originality/value

The model makes an original contribution to theoretical and organizational marketing management knowledge. It does this by extending the conceptual and operational boundaries of existing models of internal and external marketing, aimed at helping organizations achieve competitive advantage and business success.
A model for business responses to global challenges and sustainable development
Authors: Virakul Busaya , Russ-Eft Darlene F.
Published: January 2019

Purpose

This study aims to validate a model of organizational performance embedding corporate social responsibility (CSR), corporate governance (CG) and sustainability concepts at a strategic level. The model has been created in response to two significant global influences: global challenges and sustainable development (SD).

Design/methodology/approach

To validate the model created, executives from 10 of Thailand’s leading companies that have received CSR, CG, or sustainability awards during 2010-2015 were asked to complete a questionnaire and were later interviewed.

Findings

The findings indicate the appropriateness of the model in addressing the two significant global influences and highlight the critical issues in its implementation.

Research limitations/implications

Types of interviewees who are information sources, organization’s features such as size and industry and culture, appear to be critical factors in affecting the research findings and in limiting the interpretation and applications of the research model. All of those limitations have been explained in the research paper so that future research could be improved.

Practical implications

The model presents additional knowledge in relation to SD, business strategy, organizational performance and organizational sustainability. It shows how businesses can participate and respond to SD by embedding CSR, CG and sustainability concepts at the strategic level. It also shows that the outcome of such an approach will help business organizations sustain their existence by balancing financial, social and environmental dimensions.

Social implications

Business is one of the three key players (government, business and citizens) in managing global challenges and promoting SD. A business sector contains huge valuable resources (e.g. physical; financial; human; technology) for development capabilities. Therefore, this research shows a model which helps business organizations understand their significant role in SD.

Originality/value

Due to increased human population, climate change and deterioration of natural resources, social thinkers all around the world have been warning the seriousness of global challenges and the importance of SD. However, not many studies combine and connect the key concepts of global challenges, SD, CSR, CG and sustainability, all together to address the important role of business organizations. This research answers/gives such overall picture through a field research work for validation.
Salmonid species diversity predicts salmon consumption by terrestrial wildlife
Authors: Service Christina N. , Bateman Andrew W. , Adams Megan S. , Artelle Kyle A. , Reimchen Thomas E. , Paquet Paul C. , Darimont Chris T.
Published: January 2019

Resource waves—spatial variation in resource phenology that extends feeding opportunities for mobile consumers—can affect the behaviour and productivity of recipient populations. Interspecific diversity among Pacific salmon species (Oncorhynchus spp.) creates staggered spawning events across space and time, thereby prolonging availability to terrestrial wildlife.

We sought to understand how such variation might influence consumption by terrestrial predators compared with resource abundance and intra‐ and interspecific competition.

Using stable isotope analysis, we investigated how the proportion of salmon in the annual diet of male black bears (Ursus americanus; n = 405) varies with species diversity and density of spawning salmon biomass, while also accounting for competition with sympatric black and grizzly bears (U. arctos horribilis), in coastal British Columbia, Canada.

We found that the proportion of salmon in the annual diet of black bears was ≈40% higher in the absence of grizzly bears, but detected little effect of relative black bear density and salmon biomass density. Rather, salmon diversity had the largest positive effect on consumption. On average, increasing diversity from one salmon species to ~four (with equal biomass contributions) approximately triples the proportion of salmon in diet.

Given the importance of salmon to bear life histories, this work provides early empirical support for how resource waves may increase the productivity of consumers at population and landscape scales. Accordingly, terrestrial wildlife management might consider maintaining not only salmon abundance but also diversity.
Recovering Sociology from the Trash Heap: Of Waste Politics and the Spatialization of Local Representation in Lagos
Authors: Salvaire Côme
Published: January 2019

This article excavates the debate that unfolded during the 1980s between Jacques Rancière and Pierre Bourdieu to shed light on the theoretical divide that still cuts across the field of urban studies today. Looking at contemporary Rancièrian scholarship through a Bourdieusian lens, it points to their main theoretical shortcomings and reasserts the value of relational, field‐based and empirically grounded approaches to urban politics. At the same time, this article engages seriously Rancière's critique of Bourdieu's failure to account for space in order to question the territoriality inherent to the notion of field. We put this theoretical discussion to the test of Lagos's garbage. Drawing on an ethnographic study conducted in Lagos from 2015 to 2016, we propose analyzing the process of spatialization of the field of local representation by looking at the ways solid waste—here conceived as a political opportunity—is mobilized by different actors. We argue that the deployment of a waste infrastructure in Lagos is congruent with a relative disinvestment in practices of territorial control that reshapes the structure of local representation, reconfiguring the ‘stage’ on which politics is played out in the Nigerian metropolis.
Comparative Proteomics of Whey and Milk Fat Globule Membrane Proteins of Guanzhong Goat and Holstein Cow Mature Milk
Authors: Sun Yuxue , Wang Cuina , Sun Xiaomeng , Guo Mingruo
Published: January 2019

Guanzhong goat and Holstein cow milks are the major milk supply for the Chinese dairy industry. Whey proteins and milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) proteins of both milk were characterized and compared using proteomic techniques. A total of 283, 159, 593, and 349 proteins were identified, respectively, in whey and MFGM for the two species using Liquid Chromatography combined with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). Functional categories analyses showed that both goat and cow MFGM proteins had three most abundant proteins of phosphoproteins, membrane‐related and acetylation‐related proteins. Gene ontology (GO) annotation revealed that whey proteins in goat and cow milk exhibited different biological processes and molecular functions while both enriched in extracellular exosome for cellular components. Both goat and cow MFGM proteins showed main biological process of oxidation‐reduction, cellular component of extracellular exosome, and molecular function of poly(A) RNA binding. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses showed that large number of both goat and cow whey proteins were involved in disease, metabolism, and immune pathways with different number and types. The most general pathways for goat and cow MFGM proteins were metabolism pathways and disease pathways, respectively. The results indicated that Guanzhong goat and Holstein cow milk were different in varieties of whey proteins and MFGM proteins and their functions and pathways.

Practical Application

Guanzhong goat and Holstein cow milks are the major milk sources for the Chinese consumers. However, information about proteomics of whey and MFGM proteins of Guanzhong goat and Holstein cow milk is limited. Our study characterized and compared both whey and MFGM proteins using proteomic techniques. The results provide useful information for infant formula and milk protein products in the Chinese dairy industry.
Effects of cpxR on the growth characteristics and antibiotic production of Xenorhabdus nematophila
Authors: Guo Shuqi , Wang Zeyu , Liu Beiling , Gao Jiangtao , Fang Xiangling , Tang Qian , Bilal Muhammad , Wang Yonghong , Zhang Xing
Published: January 2019

CpxR is a global response regulator that negatively influences the antimicrobial activities of Xenorhabdus nematophila. Herein, the wildtype and ΔcpxR mutant of X. nematophila were cultured in a 5‐l and 70‐l bioreactor. The kinetic analysis showed that ΔcpxR significantly increased the cell biomass and antibiotic activity. The maximum dry cell weight (DCW) and antibiotic activity of ΔcpxR were 20.77 ± 1.56 g L−1 and 492.0 ± 31.2 U ml−1 and increased by 17.28 and 97.33% compared to the wildtype respectively. Xenocoumacin 1 (Xcn1), a major antimicrobial compound, was increased 3.07‐fold, but nematophin was decreased by 48.7%. In 70‐l bioreactor, DCW was increased by 18.97%, while antibiotic activity and Xcn1 were decreased by 27.71% and 11.0% compared to that in 5‐l bioreactor respectively. Notably, pH had remarkable effects on the cell biomass and antibiotic activity of ΔcpxR, where ΔcpxR was sensitive to alkaline pH conditions. The optimal cell growth and antibiotic activity of ΔcpxR occurred at pH 7.0, while Xcn1 was increased 5.45‐ and 3.87‐fold relative to that at pH 5.5 and 8.5 respectively. These findings confirmed that ΔcpxR considerably increased the biomass of X. nematophila at a late stage of fermentation. In addition, ΔcpxR significantly promoted the biosynthesis of Xcns but decreased the production of nematophin.
Response to Expanding the role of social science in conservation through an engagement with philosophy, methodology and methods
Authors: Mukherjee Nibedita , Rose David C. , Everard Mark , Geneletti Davide , Sutherland William J.
Published: January 2019

In a previous series of papers (Sutherland, Dicks, Everard, & Geneletti, ), we summarise the use of a range of social science methods in conservation decision‐making. Moon et al. () claim that the special feature risks narrowing the scope of social science research and suggest that we presented a limited perspective on the field. They thereby criticise the special feature for not doing something that it never intended to do in the first instance. We did not claim that the list of articles covered in the special feature is a comprehensive list (which it obviously is not) and we are unclear why anyone would think it is.

While we consider the Moon et al. () paper to be a useful contribution for conservation scientists as a supplementary paper, it serves less as a critique to the special feature. Moon et al.('s () paper makes very few direct and substantive criticisms of points raised in the special feature. We respond to areas of contention referring specifically to research philosophy, bias, and data reporting.

Moon et al. () criticise the set of papers for perpetuating an objectivist view of the world. We believe that it would be rather disconcerting for the research community if there were no social truths to discover. Rather, social science research methods conducted in specific places can be good ways of exploring how truths vary in different contexts.

We also note that Moon et al. () completely missed the point we were trying to make about psychological biases, which are quite different to the issues associated with researcher bias highlighted by them.

We encourage readers to pay close attention to the use of social science methods in conservation science. We reiterate, however, that the main purpose of the special feature was to ensure that social science methodologies for decision‐making are accessible for all conservation scientists to use, regardless of disciplinary background.
Inhibition of nucleolar stress response by Sirt1: A potential mechanism of acetylation‐independent regulation of p53 accumulation
Authors: Bi Xiaolei , Ye Qing , Li Daoyuan , Peng Qisheng , Wang Zhe , Wu Xiao , Zhang Yun , Zhang Qunye , Jiang Fan
Published: January 2019

The mammalian Sirt1 deacetylase is generally thought to be a nuclear protein, but some pilot studies have suggested that Sirt1 may also be involved in orchestrating nucleolar functions. Here, we show that nucleolar stress response is a ubiquitous cellular reaction that can be induced by different types of stress conditions, and Sirt1 is an endogenous suppressor of nucleolar stress response. Using stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture approach, we have identified a physical interaction of between Sirt1 and the nucleolar protein nucleophosmin, and this protein–protein interaction appears to be necessary for Sirt1 inhibition on nucleolar stress, whereas the deacetylase activity of Sirt1 is not strictly required. Based on the reported prerequisite role of nucleolar stress response in stress‐induced p53 protein accumulation, we have also provided evidence suggesting that Sirt1‐mediated inhibition on nucleolar stress response may represent a novel mechanism by which Sirt1 can modulate intracellular p53 accumulation independent of lysine deacetylation. This process may represent an alternative mechanism by which Sirt1 regulates functions of the p53 pathway.
Are Some Alcohol Use Disorder Criteria More (or Less) Externalizing than Others? Distinguishing Alcohol Use Symptomatology from General Externalizing Psychopathology
Authors: McDowell Yoanna E. , Vergés Alvaro , Sher Kenneth J.
Published: January 2019

Background

The externalizing spectrum contains a range of disinhibition‐related conditions, such as conduct disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and substance use disorders. Comorbidity among externalizing disorders is commonly investigated at the syndromal and trait level precluding insight into the relationship of symptoms across externalizing disorders. It is unknown whether comorbidity across externalizing disorders holds constant across highly varied, individual alcohol use disorder (AUD) criteria. AUD criteria range from symptoms reflecting neuroadaptation (e.g., tolerance) to symptoms reflecting behavioral problems (e.g., social problems). The present study aimed to determine the degree to which individual AUD criteria are associated with symptomatology from other externalizing disorders. Characterization of the degree to which AUD criteria reflect neuroadaptation versus behavioral problems can be used to identify symptom profiles, which, in turn, can be used to inform diagnostic and treatment approaches.

Methods

Data from 2 large nationally representative samples were used to examine associations between AUD criteria and externalizing behavior. Psychometric inquiries via multivariate and factor analytic approaches estimated relative associations of externalizing behavior and AUD criteria endorsement, as compared to alcohol consumption.

Results

Our results indicate differential relations of externalizing behavior and AUD criteria endorsement. For example, social problems and role interference criteria were most strongly associated with externalizing behavior across analytic approaches, with general and unique associations with externalizing behavior. Additionally, tolerance was most weakly associated with externalizing behavior across approaches.

Conclusions

Results highlight potential etiological heterogeneity among AUD criteria that could guide future diagnostic refinements and aid in the identification of treatment targets.
Gender Pay Gap, Voluntary Interventions and Recession: The Case of the British Financial Services Sector
Authors: Healy Geraldine , Ahamed M. Mostak
Published: January 2019

State institutions and trade unions put pressure on the British financial services sector to reform its gendered practices and reduce its gender pay gap following both the recession and the Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC) Inquiry (2009). This article considers the effect of these pressures by comparing the gender pay gap pre‐, during‐ and post‐recession periods. Using Labour Force Survey data, the article finds a marginal pay gap reduction in the post‐recession period, a reduction that was greater in financial services than in the rest of the economy. However, the financial services pay gap remained resilient and substantially higher at the top of the earnings distribution. Union membership and collective bargaining were shown to reduce the pay gap including for women members with children. In contrast, countervailing factors, including ethnicity and post‐recession longer working hours, contributed to the pay gap. The study reveals the limitations of voluntary interventions against a resilient gendered culture.
Population‐based cohort study on health effects of asbestos exposure in Japan
Authors: Zha Ling , Kitamura Yuri , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Liu Rong , Shima Masayuki , Kurumatani Norio , Nakaya Tomoki , Goji Junko , Sobue Tomotaka
Published: January 2019

Occupational asbestos exposure occurs in many workplaces and is a well‐known cause of mesothelioma and lung cancer. However, the association between nonoccupational asbestos exposure and those diseases is not clearly described. The aim of this study was to investigate cause‐specific mortality among the residents of Amagasaki, a city in Japan with many asbestos factories, and evaluate the potential excess mortality due to established and suspected asbestos‐related diseases. The study population consisted of 143 929 residents in Amagasaki City before 1975 until 2002, aged 40 years or older on January 1, 2002. Follow‐up was carried out from 2002 to 2015. Standardized mortality ratio (SMR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated by sex, using the mortality rate of the Japanese population as reference. A total of 38 546 deaths (including 303 from mesothelioma and 2683 from lung cancer) were observed. The SMRs in the long‐term residents’ cohort were as follows: death due to all causes, 1.12 (95% CI, 1.10‐1.13) in men and 1.07 (95% CI, 1.06‐1.09) in women; lung cancer, 1.28 (95% CI, 1.23‐1.34) in men and 1.23 (95% CI, 1.14‐1.32) in women; and mesothelioma, 6.75 (95% CI, 5.83‐7.78) in men and 14.99 (95% CI, 12.34‐18.06) in women. These SMRs were significantly higher than expected. The increased SMR of mesothelioma suggests the impact of occupational asbestos exposure among men and nonoccupational asbestos exposure among women in the long‐term residents’ cohort. In addition, the high level of excess mortality from mesothelioma has persisted, despite the mixture of crocidolite and chrysotile no longer being used for three or four decades.
The Interplay Between Multisensory Associative Learning and IQ in Children
Authors: Barutchu Ayla , Fifer Joanne M. , Shivdasani Mohit N. , Crewther Sheila G. , Paolini Antonio G.
Published: January 2019

This study assessed the developmental profile of unisensory and multisensory processes, and their contribution to children's intellectual abilities (8‐ and 11‐year olds, N = 38, compared to adults, N = 19) using a simple audiovisual detection task and three incidental associative learning tasks with different sensory signals: visual‐verbal with pseudowords, novel audiovisual, and visual‐visual. The level of immaturity throughout childhood was dependent on both, the sensory signal type and the task. Associative learning was significantly enhanced with verbal sounds, compared to novel audiovisual and unisensory visual learning. Visual‐verbal learning was also the best predictor of children's general intellectual abilities. The results demonstrate a separate developmental trajectory for visual and verbal multisensory processes and independent contributions to the development of cognitive abilities throughout childhood.
Oral health and behaviours of people living with Multiple Sclerosis in Australia
Authors: Sexton Christopher , Lalloo Ratilal , Stormon Nicole , Pateman Kelsey , van der Mei Ingrid , Campbell Janet , Ford Pauline
Published: January 2019

Objectives

The literature describing the oral health of people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is scant and the findings equivocal. The aim of this study was to describe the oral health and oral self‐care behaviours of people living with MS and compare it to the Australian population.

Methods

Participants enrolled with the Australian MS Longitudinal Study (AMSLS) were invited to participate in the survey using an online or paper‐based questionnaire. Data were collected on level of disability, oral health, oral self‐care and factors influencing attendance for oral health care.

Results

Completed questionnaires were received for 1523 respondents. Over one‐fifth (n = 320; 22%) rated their oral health as fair or poor, and more than half (n = 840; 57%) reported toothache in the last 12 months. These proportions were higher than those for the general Australian adult population (oral health prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.25 [1.12, 1.40]; toothache PR = 3.63 [3.39, 3.88]), and this is despite comparable or better self‐maintenance habits and dental attendance reported by respondents. People with MS reported high rates of mouth dryness (68.4%), teeth sensitivity (64.7%), change of taste (40.5%) and orofacial pain (39.0%); fewer than 10% experienced none of these. There was a lower prevalence of self‐reported need for treatment (extraction or filling) than in the Australian adult population (15.8% vs 32.9%).

Conclusions

People with MS have a greater oral health burden, demonstrated by their poorer self‐reported oral health than the Australian adult population. Furthermore, they experience high rates of toothache, mouth dryness, teeth sensitivity, change of taste and orofacial pain. These findings are contrary to their self‐reported good oral self‐care and dental attendance habits and suggest some of the oral health impacts are due to MS rather than dental behaviours.
Diagnosing lanolin contact allergy with lanolin alcohol and Amerchol L101
Authors: Knijp Jannet , Bruynzeel Derk P. , Rustemeyer Thomas
Published: January 2019

Background

The prevalence of lanolin contact allergy in dermatitis patients varies from 1.2% to 6.9%. Different lanolin derivatives are used in patch testing.

Objectives

To determine which combination of lanolin derivatives is most effective in patch testing for the diagnosis of lanolin contact allergy.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of patients patch tested between 2016 and 2017 was performed. Patients were eligible if they had been tested with lanolin alcohol 30% pet., Amerchol L101 50% pet., and a supplementary series containing other lanolin derivatives. Lanolin alcohol and Amerchol L101 were tested in duplicate.

Results

Of 594 patients, 28.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 25.1%‐32.3%) had a positive patch test reaction to at least one lanolin derivative. Reactions to lanolin alcohol (14.7%, 95%CI: 11.3%‐18.2%) and Amerchol L101 (15.0%, 95%CI: 11.5%‐18.5%) were common in the routinely tested series. Reactions to other test preparations were significantly less frequent (P < 0.05). The addition of Amerchol L101 to lanolin alcohol significantly increased the number of positive cases (odds ratio 1.79, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The combination of lanolin alcohol and Amerchol L101 is effective in patch testing for the diagnosis of lanolin contact allergy. Routinely testing with other lanolin derivatives may not be worthwhile, as it detects only a few additional patients.
Holding steady: Little change in intensity or timing of bird migration over the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Horton Kyle G. , Van Doren Benjamin M. , La Sorte Frank A. , Cohen Emily B. , Clipp Hannah L. , Buler Jeffrey J. , Fink Daniel , Kelly Jeffrey F. , Farnsworth Andrew
Published: January 2019

Quantifying the timing and intensity of migratory movements is imperative for understanding impacts of changing landscapes and climates on migratory bird populations. Billions of birds migrate in the Western Hemisphere, but accurately estimating the population size of one migratory species, let alone hundreds, presents numerous obstacles. Here, we quantify the timing, intensity, and distribution of bird migration through one of the largest migration corridors in the Western Hemisphere, the Gulf of Mexico (the Gulf). We further assess whether there have been changes in migration timing or intensity through the Gulf. To achieve this, we integrate citizen science (eBird) observations with 21 years of weather surveillance radar data (1995–2015). We predicted no change in migration timing and a decline in migration intensity across the time series. We estimate that an average of 2.1 billion birds pass through this region each spring en route to Nearctic breeding grounds. Annually, half of these individuals pass through the region in just 18 days, between April 19 and May 7. The western region of the Gulf showed a mean rate of passage 5.4 times higher than the central and eastern regions. We did not detect an overall change in the annual numbers of migrants (2007–2015) or the annual timing of peak migration (1995–2015). However, we found that the earliest seasonal movements through the region occurred significantly earlier over time (1.6 days decade−1). Additionally, body mass and migration distance explained the magnitude of phenological changes, with the most rapid advances occurring with an assemblage of larger‐bodied shorter‐distance migrants. Our results provide baseline information that can be used to advance our understanding of the developing implications of climate change, urbanization, and energy development for migratory bird populations in North America.
Exercise training increases skeletal muscle strength independent of hypertrophy in older adults aged 75 years and older
Authors: Lee Hojun , Kim In‐Gyu , Sung Changsu , Jeon Tae‐Bong , Cho Kibum , Ha Yong‐Chan , Park Ki‐Soo , Yoo Jun‐Il , Kang Gyeong Hui , Kim Su Jin , Kim Ji‐Seok
Published: January 2019

Aim

We investigated whether exercise‐mediated acquisition of muscle mass and strength would occur in a concurrent manner in older adults.

Methods

A total of 152 community‐dwelling older adults (young‐old aged 65–74 years, old‐old aged >75 years) were allocated into either 8‐week comprehensive exercise training or the control group. Participants (n = 136) completed all pre‐ and post‐intervention testing visits (young‐old n = 73, old‐old n = 63). Older adults in exercise groups were subjected to a series of programmed elastic band and free exercises twice per week at three to five sets of 15–20 repetitions. Body composition, skeletal muscle mass, knee strength (extensors and flexors) and gait‐related physical function were evaluated as main variables.

Results

As expected, muscular mass and knee strength (both extensors and flexors) were inversely correlated with age in the old‐old group (all P < 0.001). However, knee extensor strength was the only lower limb component inversely correlated with age in the young‐old group (P < 0.043). Knee extensor strength was significantly increased by exercise training in both the young‐old and old‐old groups (young old P < 0.042, old‐old P < 0.011). Training‐induced muscle hypertrophy was observed only in the young‐old group (P < 0.025). the correlation of knee extensor strength against gait‐related physical function was the greatest, followed by knee flexor strength and muscle mass.

Conclusions

The present results showed that age‐associated strength decline of the knee extensor occurs earlier compared with the knee flexor during the aging process, and exercise training increases muscular strength without significant changes of muscle mass in older adults aged aged ≥75 years. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 265–270.
Incidence and risk factors for hepatocellular cancer in individuals with haemophilia: A National Inpatient Sample Study
Authors: Thalappillil Alvin , Ragni Margaret V. , Comer Diane M. , Yabes Jonathan G.
Published: January 2019

Introduction

Among haemophilic (H) men, hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of liver disease and mortality, but demographics and risks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in H are not well known.

Methods

Adult discharges in H and non‐haemophilic (NH) men, with and without HCC were identified in the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 1998 and 2014, using ICD‐9 codes. Analyses included NIS‐provided discharge‐level weights to reflect national estimates. Categorical variables were assessed by Rao‐Scott chi‐square and continuous variables by weighted simple linear regression. HCC predictors were determined by weighted multivariable logistic regression.

Results

Of 18 098 H, 144 (0.79%) had HCC between 1998 and 2014. Adjusted rates of HCC increased 3.0‐fold in H vs 1.7‐fold in NH (P = 0.484). Among HCV+, HCC rates adjusted for HIV, increased 2.2‐fold in H vs 1.7‐fold in NH (P = 0.740), while among HIV+, HCC increased 1.4‐fold in H vs 0.2‐fold in NH (P = 0.448). Among those with HCC, H were older than NH (P < 0.001), Caucasian (P = 0.006), platelet transfusion recipients (P < 0.001), with greater comorbidity (P < 0.001) and mortality (P < 0.006). H with HCC also had greater rates of HCV and HIV (each P < 0.001), lower rates of alcoholism and hyperlipidemia (each P < 0.001), and similar rates of HBV (P = 0.866), smoking (P = 0.507) and obesity (P = 0.502). In multivariable logistic regression, HCV was a strong predictor for HCC in haemophilia, (OR: 15.42, 95% CI: 8.75‐27.16).

Discussion

Haemophilic men have increasing rates of HCC, similar to men without haemophilia. HCV is the major predictor of HCC in haemophilia. Future trends in HCC will depend on the impact of newer HCV antiviral therapy.