bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Constraint-Based Optimized Human Skeleton Extraction from Single-Depth Camera
Authors: Li Ruotong , Si Weixin , Weinmann Michael , Klein Reinhard
Published: June 2019

As a cutting-edge research topic in computer vision and graphics for decades, human skeleton extraction from single-depth camera remains challenging due to possibly occurring occlusions of different body parts, huge appearance variations, and sensor noise. In this paper, we propose to incorporate human skeleton length conservation and symmetry priors as well as temporal constraints to enhance the consistency and continuity for the estimated skeleton of a moving human body. Given an initial estimation of the skeleton joint positions provided per frame by the Kinect SDK or Nuitrack SDK, which do not follow the aforementioned priors and can prone to errors, our framework improves the accuracy of these pose estimates based on the length and symmetry constraints. In addition, our method is device-independent and can be integrated into skeleton extraction SDKs for refinement, allowing the detection of outliers within the initial joint location estimates and predicting new joint location estimates following the temporal observations. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our approach in several cases.
Sustainable Development—A Poorly Communicated Concept by Mass Media. Another Challenge for SDGs?
Authors: Janoušková Svatava , Hák Tomáš , Nečas Vlastimil , Moldan Bedřich
Published: June 2019

Thirty years after “Our Common Future” by the Brundtland Commission in 1987, sustainable development remains the only internationally and consensually recognized global development concept. The last major United Nations event—the Rio+20 Conference in 2012—endorsed it by proposing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their more specific targets and indicators (adopted in 2015). We claim that educators, politicians, and civil society organizations have failed to a large extent in making the sustainable development concept broadly appealing. Among the missing enabling factors are a good narrative (making an extremely complex sustainable development concept comprehensible to all, thereby raising public support), social norms (reflecting commonly held sustainability principles and goals), and sustainability indicators (providing clear information for steering policies as well as for daily decisions). In this paper we focus on the role of mass media (English-written printed newspapers) as an important information channel and agenda-setter, and analyze their modes of sustainability communication. We look into how these media communicate selected key sustainability themes, and how they make connections to the overarching concept of sustainable development. We hypothesize that the media predominantly informs people and sets the agenda by communicating themes of current interest (e.g., gender inequalities), but misses the opportunity of framing them in the broader, overarching concept of sustainable development. This may be a significant sustainability faux (error)—great political intentions need efficient implementation tools, not just political resolutions. To this end, we need well-narrated and framed sustainability themes communicated through mass media to activate the social norms that potentially support societally beneficial conduct. By undertaking an extensive mass media analysis, this paper offers rare empirical evidence on sustainability communication by the global mass media during the last ten years, and identifies the main caveats and challenges for sustainability proponents. As sustainability communication does not yet have its own theoretical framework, SDGs seem to offer a suitable mechanism for this.
Exploring the Relationship between Environmental Impact and Nutrient Content of Sandwiches and Beverages Available in Cafés in a UK University
Authors: Graham Fiona , Russell Jean , Holdsworth Michelle , Menon Manoj , Barker Margo
Published: June 2019

The threat of climate change and population growth has led to calls for the adoption of environmentally sustainable diets; however, concerns have been raised over the nutritional quality of low Greenhouse Gas Emission (GHGE) diets. This study examined the relationship between measures of environmental sustainability and nutrient content of sandwiches and beverages sold in a UK university café. GHGE and Water Footprint Impact Indicator (WFII) values for the ingredients of sandwiches and beverages were used with recipe information to calculate GHGE (gCO2e per portion) and WFIIs (scarcity weighted litres per portion). These estimates were then combined via orthogonal regression to produce a single Environmental Impact Score (EIS); higher scores equate to greater environmental impact. The relationship between EIS and nutrient content was explored using correlation analysis. Sandwiches that contained meat and animal products as well as beverages that contained milk, cocoa, and/or coffee had the highest EIS. EIS was positively associated with the portion size of sandwiches but not the serving size of beverages. EIS was positively correlated with calories, saturated fat, and sodium. However, EIS was also positively correlated with micronutrients: iron, calcium (beverages only), and B12 (beverages only). The choice of smaller or plant-based sandwiches as well as beverages without milk would reduce environmental impact as well as caloric and sodium intake. However, the selection of low impact options may also reduce the intake of nutrients required for good health. This study revealed possible tensions between nutritional quality and environmental sustainability.
Treatment of Low Biodegradability Leachates in a Serial System of Aged Refuse-Filled Bioreactors
Authors: Nájera-Aguilar Hugo A. , Gutiérrez-Hernández Rubén F. , Bautista-Ramírez Jesús , Martínez-Salinas Rebeca I. , Escobar-Castillejos Daisy , Borraz-Garzón Rocío , Rojas-Valencia María N. , Giácoman-Vallejos Germán
Published: June 2019

This paper presents a technology based on the use of aged refuse that has proven to be highly effective in the treatment of low biodegradability leachates. The tests were developed using two filled bioreactors arranged in series and operated at steady state. The aged refuse used as filling material was extracted from a city located in the southeast of Mexico and characterized by particle size, humidity, volatile solids, and volumetric weight. On the other hand, bacterial characterization made it possible to identify the presence of species related to the degradation and mineralization of organic compounds, as well as to processes of nitrification or reduction of phosphates and Cr (VI). The bioreactor system was operated under four hydraulic loads (10, 20, 35, and 50 L/m3·d). Maximum removal efficiencies of 85, 86.1, 87.9, 98.6, 97.8, and 97.4% were achieved in COD, BOD5, Color, TP, TN, and N-NH3, respectively, complying with Mexican regulations (NOM-001-SEMARNAT-1996). The system also proved to be stable against shock loads, such as organic load fluctuations in the influent or pH variations. The results of this study show that, in countries such as Mexico, aged refuse extracted from landfills represents a promising option as a sustainable alternative for leachate treatment.
Synthesis of Nano-Calcium Oxide from Waste Eggshell by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Habte Lulit , Shiferaw Natnael , Mulatu Dure , Thenepalli Thriveni , Chilakala Ramakrishna , Ahn Ji
Published: June 2019

The sol-gel technique has many advantages over the other mechanism for synthesizing metal oxide nanoparticles such as being simple, cheap and having low temperature and pressure. Utilization of waste materials as a precursor for synthesis makes the whole process cheaper, green and sustainable. Calcium Oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized from eggshell through the sol-gel method. Raw eggshell was dissolved by HCl to form CaCl2 solution, adding NaOH to the solution dropwise to agitate Ca (OH)2 gel and finally drying the gel at 900 °C for 1 h. The synthesized nanoparticle was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The FTIR and XRD results have clearly depicted the synthesis of calcium oxide from eggshell, which is mainly composed of calcium carbonate. The FE-SEM images of calcium oxide nanoparticles showed that the particles were almost spherical in morphology. The particle size of the nanoparticles was in the range 50 nm–198 nm. Therefore, waste eggshell can be considered as a promising resource of calcium for application of versatile fields.
Seoul Virus Tropism and Pathology in Naturally Infected Feeder Rats
Authors: Maas Miriam , van Heteren Melanie , de Vries Ankje , Kuiken Thijs , Hoornweg Tabitha , Veldhuis Kroeze Edwin , Rockx Barry
Published: June 2019

Seoul virus (SEOV) is a zoonotic orthohantavirus carried by black and brown rats, and can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in humans. Human cases of SEOV virus infection have most recently been reported in the USA, United Kingdom, France and the Netherlands and were primarily associated with contact with pet rats and feeder rats. Infection of rats results in an asymptomatic but persistent infection. Little is known about the cell tropism of SEOV in its reservoir and most available data is based on experimental infection studies in which rats were inoculated via a route which does not recapitulate virus transmission in nature. Here we report the histopathological analysis of SEOV cell tropism in key target organs following natural infection of a cohort of feeder rats, comprising 19 adults and 11 juveniles. All adult rats in this study were positive for SEOV specific antibodies and viral RNA in their tissues. One juvenile rat was seropositive, but negative in the rRT-PCR. Of the 19 adult rats of which subsequently additional organs were tested, SEOV RNA was detected in all lungs, followed by kidney (79%) and liver (74%). Histopathologic changes associated with SEOV infection were primarily found in the liver, consistent with a pathological diagnosis of a mild hepatitis. In conclusion, natural SEOV infection results in mild inflammation of the liver in the absence of clinical disease.
Catalytic Efficiency of Red Mud for the Degradation of Olive Mill Wastewater through Heterogeneous Fenton’s Process
Authors: Domingues Eva , Assunção Nelson , Gomes João , Lopes Daniela V. , Frade Jorge R. , Quina Margarida J. , Quinta-Ferreira Rosa M. , Martins Rui C.
Published: June 2019

Olive mill wastewater is a challenging effluent, especially due to its toxicity related to the presence of phenolic compounds. Fenton’s process was analysed on the abatement of phenolic acids typically found in this kind of effluents. To overcome the main drawback of Fenton’s process, a waste from the aluminium industry commonly called red mud was used as a heterogeneous source of iron. The adsorption of simulated effluent on the red mud was negligible. Therefore, the degradation of phenolic acids during Fenton’s process was due to oxidation by hydroxyl radicals. The amount of red mud and hydrogen peroxide were optimized regarding phenolic acids degradation. The optimal conditions leading to the highest removal of contaminants (100% of phenolic acids degradation and 25% of mineralization after 60 min of reaction) were 1 g/L of catalyst and 100 mg/L of hydrogen peroxide. The possibility of recovering treated water for agricultural purposes was evaluated by assessing the toxic impact over a wide range of species. The toxicity observed for the treated samples was mainly related to the residual hydrogen peroxide remaining after treatment.
Typhoon Soudelor (2015) Induced Offshore Movement of Sand Dunes and Geomorphological Change: Fujian Coast, China
Authors: Li Haidong , Li Yunhai , Zheng Binxin , Zhong Guicai , Zhang Hannv , Wang Hengbo , Qiao Lei
Published: June 2019

Typhoons play a significant role in the marine sedimentary dynamic process and thus could significantly change the submarine geomorphology in their influence area. In this study, a high-resolution sub-bottom profiler and a side-scan sonar were used to detect the submarine geomorphology of the southeast coastal area of Nanri Island in the Taiwan Strait before and after Typhoon Soudelor—three times in 2015. The results show that the typhoon induced seaward movement of the sand dunes up to several tens of meters, resulting in significant changes in both the shape of the sand dunes and the scale of the exposed bedrocks. The typhoon also changed the submarine geomorphology, including the smoothing of anchor traces of fishing boats and the formation of relatively small sand dunes (groups). A comparison of the results of different surveys shows that the submarine geomorphology that was changed by Typhoon Soudelor could not recover within a short period of time. The wind field simulations of the typhoon process showed that the storm wave caused by the strong wind stress of the typhoon was a key dynamic factor for changing the submarine geomorphology.
Energy Reduction and Uniformity of Low-Pressure Online Drip Irrigation Emitters in Field Tests
Authors: Sokol Julia , Amrose Susan , Nangia Vinay , Talozi Samer , Brownell Elizabeth , Montanaro Gianni , Abu Naser Khaled , Bany Mustafa Khalil , Bahri Abdeljabar , Bouazzama Bassou , Bouizgaren Abdelaziz , Mazahrih Naem , Moussadek Rachid , Sikaoui Lhassane , Winter Amos G.
Published: June 2019

A promising way of addressing the issue of growing water scarcity is through wider use of drip irrigation, which delivers water and fertilizer to crops in a slow, targeted manner, and has been shown to increase yields and water use efficiency. Yet, drip irrigation system adoption is low, primarily due to the high capital cost of the pressurized piping network and the pump, and operating energy cost. Lowering the water pressure needed for drip emitters to deliver water can reduce both capital and operating costs of drip systems. Here we present the results from field trials of new pressure-compensating online drip emitters that operate with a minimum compensating inlet pressure of 15 kPa (0.15 bar), in comparison to typical commercial emitters with minimum pressures of 50–100 kPa (0.5–1.0 bar). The field trials were carried out on nine farms in Morocco and Jordan over the course of one irrigation season with freshwater and treated wastewater. Low-pressure emitters are shown to reduce hydraulic energy per unit volume of water delivered by 43% on average compared to commercial emitters, without significantly sacrificing water emission uniformity (low-pressure emitters show uniformities of 81–91%, compared to 87–96% for commercial emitters). This energy reduction could lead to savings of 22–31% in the capital cost of a pump and emitters and the energy cost for a typical drip irrigation system. Thus, the low-pressure online emitters can be used as substitutes to commercial emitters that require higher water pressures, leading to reduced environmental impact and lower system costs.
Como a utilização do blockchain pode afetar institutos jurídicos tradicionais?
Authors: Faleiros Júnior José Luiz De Moura , Roth Gabriela
Published: June 2019

A tecnologia denominada blockchain surge com o potencial de ressignificar diversos institutos jurídicos, notadamente em função da aceleração das relações jurídicas na sociedade da informação. Com isso, exige-se do operador do direito o papel de repensar o cabimento de institutos já delimitados na legislação e que compõem o ordenamento, como os contratos e a propriedade intelectual, para dar solução jurídica a essas novas contingências. Nesse diapasão, o problema investigado parte da necessidade de se inquirir os riscos e perspectivas da utilização da tecnologia blockchain na ampliação do escopo de determinados institutos jurídicos, sinalizando as inquietações concernentes a essa nova disciplina; por sua vez, a hipótese de pesquisa encontra justificativa na necessidade de que sejam estabelecidas diretrizes sólidas para a implementação deste novo modal tecnológico, notadamente com o objetivo de prevenir demandas e responsabilidades. A pesquisa utilizará o método de abordagem indutivo, investigando nuances conceituas da tecnologia blockchain desde logo, sempre com lastro em análise bibliográfico-doutrinária para, em sentido progressivo-ampliativo, identificar alguns institutos jurídicos afetados por sua implementação, com recidiva ponderação de riscos e benefícios. Ao final, serão apresentadas as considerações finais, das quais se procurará extrair uma compreensão mais assertiva quanto à problemática explicitada.
The experiences of DMS trained GPs and direct entrants in their first 5 years post CCT: a qualitative analysis
Authors: Blackadder-Weinstein Jodie , Smith Michael
Published: June 2019

Background

In developing the Ministry of Defence (MoD) First5 network, a database of all Tri-Service doctors in their First5 years post receiving their certificate of completion of training (CCT). However, on building the database, up to 23% of doctors, trained by the MoD were no longer regular service military personal within 5 years of completing their GP training.

Aim

To explore the experience of Defence Medical Services (DMS) trained GPs and direct entrants in in their First5 years post CCT.

Method

An invitation was extended to all GPs currently in the DMS and all those that trained in the Defence Deanery, who gained their CCT between 2011 and 2018. An initial focus group of was conducted, the themes then contributed to the semi-structured interview questions.

Results

Five themes were identified from the focus groups and interviews: Is the apprenticeship model dead? What is my role again? ‘I just don’t think they got the best care they could’ve’. The importance of autonomy and innovation. Should I stay or should I go now?

Conclusion

DMS should work to establish an environment in which all military First5s have autonomy over their practice; the ability innovate; and a forum in which they can share. This must go hand-in-hand with newly qualified military GPs being supported in their management and administrative learning, while being mentored by an engaged colleague to help understand ‘what’s next’ in their portfolio career.
An audit on the use and utility of midstream specimen of urine cultures in general practice
Authors: Shears Bethany , Finnikin Samuel
Published: June 2019

Background

A midstream specimen of urine (MSU) culture is a diagnostic test commonly used to guide the management of suspected lower urinary tract infections (LUTI). Inappropriate use of MSUs leads to unnecessary treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria, delayed antibiotic prescriptions, and increased costs.

Aim

This audit investigates the use of MSUs in a primary care practice in Birmingham before and after an educational intervention designed to increase adherence to guidelines.

Method

All MSUs sent during June and July 2017 for non-pregnant adults were audited. Patient demographics, request details, indications, dipstick results, and relevant prescriptions were extracted from the electronic record. Clinical management was compared with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) quality standard QS90. Results were presented to practice staff; training based on QS90 was given and supported by new management algorithms. Re-audit was then undertaken over another 2-month period.

Results

The audit included 157 samples, with a further 138 samples in the re-audit. The proportion of MSU samples that were clinically indicated increased from 66% to 77% following the educational intervention. Suspected LUTI was the most common indication in both audit cycles: 68% and 64% respectively. Adherence to QS90 increased from 68% to 84% and improvements were seen among both doctors (71% to 78%) and practice nurses (36% to 55%).

Conclusion

Educational intervention and the introduction of management algorithms improved adherence to NICE QS90. There is scope for enhancement with further education and uptake of management algorithms. The cohort is small and limited to one practice, but could easily be repeated on other sites.
What is the evidence behind guideline recommendations to monitor chronic diseases in UK primary care?
Authors: Elwenspoek Martha , Patel Rita , Watson Jessica , Mann Ed , Alsop Katharine , Whiting Penny
Published: June 2019

Background

More than half of tests ordered by GP practices are to monitor long-term conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). There is a large variation in ordered tests between GP practices, suggesting some tests may not be appropriate. Unnecessary testing should be avoided as it can generate anxiety for patients, increase workload for doctors, and increase costs for the health service.

Aim

The objective was to review monitoring strategies for hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and CKD patients and to investigate the evidence-base underlying these recommendations.

Method

Current UK guidelines on the relevant diseases were reviewed. Any guidance on the use of laboratory tests for disease monitoring (not including drug monitoring recommendations), the recommended frequency of testing, as well as the level of evidence on which the guidance was based was extracted.

Results

Guidelines for the use of monitoring tests in primary care for hypertension, diabetes, and CKD are unclear and incomplete; for example, recommended frequency of testing varied between guidelines or was not specified at all. Current recommendations for monitoring chronic diseases are largely based on expert opinion; robust evidence for optimal monitoring strategies and testing intervals is lacking.

Conclusion

In the absence of clear evidence, clinicians should consider which tests are likely to influence patient management and should ensure that there is a clear clinical rationale for each test that they perform. Future research should address what the optimal strategy for monitoring chronic conditions consists of, and how it can be evaluated.
Feasibility, acceptability, and content of video consulting in primary care
Authors: Donaghy Eddie , Hammersley Vicky , Atherton Helen , Bikker Annemieke , Mcneilly Hannah , Campbell John , McKinstry Brian
Published: June 2019

Background

Government leaders have called for increased use of video-consulting (VC) in clinical practice. Although provided by the private sector, it is rarely used in NHS primary care. It is unclear how VC differs from telephone (TC) or face-to-face consulting (FTFC), or how useful clinicians and patients find it.

Aim

To assess the feasibility and acceptability to patients and clinicians of running a VC service in general practice and to explore differences in duration and content compared with FTFC and TC.

Method

VC equipment was installed in six GP practices and 13 clinicians were asked to identify patients who required follow-up consultations and who had access to a smart-device or laptop. They were offered the choice of a VC, TC, or FTFC. Consultations were audiorecorded and content analysed using the RIAS system. Patient and clinician views were obtained by questionnaires and interviews.

Results

One hundred and forty-seven patients were recruited (FTFC = 51, TC = 51, VC = 45). VC users were generally younger. VCs and TCs were shorter (mean VC 5.9, TC 5.6, FTFCs 9.6 minutes), addressed fewer problems (mean VC 1.5, TC 1.7, FTFC 2.0) and had less information exchange than FTFCs. Technical problems were common, but VCs offered significant advantages over TC in terms of non-verbal communication. VC was considered particularly useful to working and housebound people and for those with mental health problems.

Conclusion

VC has distinct advantages over TC. When integrated into current systems VC will provide an alternative to FTFC. Where formal physical examination is not required (discussing test results, medication changes and mental health) it offers considerable time savings to patients.
The evaluation of large-scale collaborations between primary care general practices
Authors: Harshfield Amelia , Elmore Natasha , Sussex Jon
Published: June 2019

Background

General practice is under mounting pressure to ensure its future sustainability. Collaborations between GP practices are perceived as one way to respond to these pressures and they have been mandated by The NHS Long Term Plan.

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate the facilitators, barriers, impacts, and costs associated with collaboration.

Method

A rapid evidence assessment was carried out between September and November 2018. Publications over the last 20 years were eligible for inclusion if they were in English and covered any high-income OECD country. Publications between 1998 and 2012 inclusive, were limited to reviews only. No methodological restrictions were applied to publications between 2013 and 2018. A total of 52 publications were included for final data extraction (36 academic and 16 grey literature).

Results

Facilitators of GP collaboration include strong leadership, external support, trusting relationships, clear roles and objectives, and mutual shared history/vision. Barriers to collaboration were tied to an absence of key elements such as lack of clarity, core skills, time, human resources, trust, financial support, face-to-face interactions, and leadership. Positive impacts of collaboration included the delivery of high-quality health care, better clinical health outcomes, and improve employee satisfaction while negative impacts included challenging GP autonomy, feeling overwhelmed by workload, and a reduction of continuity of care for patients.

Conclusion

There are numerous facilitators to GP collaboration. Barriers are often present as an absence of facilitators. Further research is needed to evidence the impact(s) and cost-effectiveness of GP practice collaboration.
Identifying and rectifying prescriptions of long-acting antimuscarinic and beta-agonist inhalers without inhaled corticosteroids to asthma patients: an audit from a UK general practice surgery
Authors: Robinson Toni , Edwards John , Cottrell Elizabeth
Published: June 2019

Background

In the UK 5.4 million people receive treatment for asthma. Patients diagnosed with asthma should not be prescribed a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), or a long-acting beta 2 agonist (LABA) without co-prescription of an inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), due to the increased risk of death.

Aim

To identify patients with asthma (+/− COPD), who have a current prescription for a LABA/LAMA without an ICS.

Method

Audit criteria were derived from guidelines relevant to the Asthma UK national review, with standards of 100%. An electronic medical record search identified patients prescribed a LABA/LAMA without an ICS. Patients without a coded diagnosis and those with a diagnosis of asthma (+/− COPD) were identified for action.

Results

Fifty-four patients from the practice population (n = 11 293) were prescribed a LABA/LAMA without an ICS. Of these, 7% (n = 4) did not have a relevant coded diagnosis. Of the remaining 50 patients, 16% (n = 8) had a diagnosis of asthma (+/− COPD). Re-audit results found 3% (n = 2) of patients did not have a relevant coded diagnosis. Patients with an asthma (+/−COPD) diagnosis on a LABA/LAMA without an ICS decreased to 11% (n = 7).

Conclusion

Suboptimal coding and potentially risky prescriptions were identified. Interventions were to ensure patients have a coded diagnosis, review LABA/LAMA without ICS prescriptions, discuss audit results with practice prescribers, and to activate electronic alerts to prompt safe prescriptions. Following re-audit, the patients with asthma (+/− COPD) still on a LABA/LAMA have been offered appointments to clarify their asthma diagnosis or to explain the risks associated with LABA/LAMA prescription without an ICS.
Exploring the educational value of an ITP in integrated community care
Authors: Sheldrake Laura , Lyon-Maris Johnny , Scallan Samantha
Published: June 2019

Background

ITPs (Integrated or Innovative Training Programmes) have been recognised as a distinct type of training post for general practice. Previous research has found them to provide an enhanced training experience. This work describes and evaluates a ‘new generation’ ITP post which piloted in the New Forest.

Aim

The evaluation aimed to determine if the integrated structure provided a positive educational experience and if it prepared trainees for a career in general practice. It was designed and conducted by GPST3 trainees.

Method

The post comprised a mix of 2 days a week in GP and 3 days in community healthcare posts. The posts were evaluated using a focus group of trainees and trainers, and a survey.

Results

Participating trainees and trainers reported that the post was helpful in developing skills and competencies related to community care, but identified some challenges. Three key themes were identified: perceptions of improved quality of training; feeling better prepared for a career in GP; and better awareness of primary–secondary care system and interface.

Conclusion

ICCs mark a welcome return of ITPs to GP training and can offer a positive experience to trainees in developing their care knowledge and skills. The trainees undertaking this evaluation gained insight into evaluation research. There continues to be a role for integrated training posts in training, especially with the increasing care complexity. ITPs can add a different dimension to experience in training.
Perceptions and experiences of rare diseases among the GP population in Northern Ireland
Authors: McMullan Julie , lenaghan Taylor McC , Crowe Ashleen , McKnight Amy Jayne , McAneney Helen
Published: June 2019

Background

Rare diseases are often complex, life-long conditions with a genetic basis. With advances in phenotyping and genomic medicine, there are now >8000 rare diseases reported. A rare disease is defined by an incidence of <5 cases per 10 000 population; although they are individually rare, collectively they are much more common with 1 in 17 persons affected in their lifetime. The Northern Ireland Rare Disease Implementation Plan (2015) highlighted the need for better coordination of care, the empowerment of patients, better diagnostics, and earlier disease interventions. The report also acknowledged the difficult role that GPs have, especially in the diagnosis of rare diseases. GPs play an important role in healthcare delivery for people living with a rare disease and their families. However, many GPs report challenge identifying and managing individuals with a rare disease appropriately.

Aim

To explore GP’s perceptions and experiences of rare diseases.

Method

A literature review of published research related to GPs and rare disease will be conducted. Databases searched include Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar. Additionally, an online survey will be completed by GPs November 2018–spring 2019, with follow-up qualitative interviews providing further in-depth information.

Results

Initial searches have revealed 27 relevant publications. A summary of the findings from the literature review will be presented, alongside findings from our GP survey.

Conclusion

Much can be learned from the experiences of current GPs to identify rare disease information needs and resources that enable effective GP-patient partnerships.
Публічно-приватне партнерство у республіці Польща: становлення та розвиток
Authors: Лахижа М. І. , Єгоричева С. Б.
Published: June 2019

Проаналізовано еволюцію польського законодавства з питань публічно-приватного партнерства (підготовки закону про публічно-приватне партнерство 2005 р., дискусій щодо внесення змін до закону та процесу розробки з врахуванням пропозицій експертів та громадськості й прийняття нового закону 2008 р.). Виявлено переваги та недоліки нового закону й напрями зусиль органів  влади та громадськості зі стимулювання публічно-приватного партнерства. Наголошено на зростанні уваги уряду до інституційного забезпечення публічно-приватного партнерства. Відзначено позитивний вплив публічно-приватного партнерства на формування сучасного публічного управління.
Gatos pardos existem? Análise do papel e história do livro no século XX
Authors: Iumatti Paulo Teixeira
Published: June 2019

Neste artigo, procuro mostrar que a análise laboratorial das propriedades do papel pode ser útil para os historiadores do livro em épocas contemporâneas, e não apenas para estudiosos de manuscritos de épocas remotas ou para a solução de questões técnicas pertinentes à preservação e ao restauro de acervos em suporte de papel. Para tanto, exponho minha experiência de pesquisa, envolvendo a colaboração de especialistas das ciências naturais, bem como alguns exemplos de meu estudo sobre um pequeno conjunto de livros publicados no fi nal da II Guerra Mundial no Brasil. Argumento que os procedimentos laboratoriais podem ser sobretudo complementares a uma pesquisa que tenha como foco a história do livro no século XX (ou mesmo no XIX), de forma geral. Há motivos, porém, para acreditar que em países periféricos ou semi-periféricos, como o Brasil, eles sejam particularmente pertinentes.
A americanização do universo militar fluminense em tempos de desagregação identitária
Authors: Cruz Miguel Dantas da
Published: June 2019

A evolução das identidades coletivas no Brasil das últimas décadas do período colonial é tema de grande tradição académica. O documento que aqui se publica, e se discute, é um contributo de grande interesse para a compreensão dessa evolução identitária, até porque ele parece desafiar, pelo menos em certa medida, o consenso historiográfico recente. O documento encontra-se num estilo muito vivo, senão virulento, que se segue de perto, lançando luz sobre os conflitos subterrâneos que permeavam o meio militar no rescaldo da Inconfidência Mineira. Aparentemente, o exército era uma instituição em crise; era um espaço onde se refletiam contradições de uma identidade portuguesa em mutação e que tem escapado ao olhar mais atento dos especialistas.
Notícias de publicações
Authors: Eugênio Alisson
Published: June 2019

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“Enfermidades mais notáveis”
Authors: Assis Harley Francisco de , Alves Rogéria Cristina
Published: June 2019

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El archivo del Santo Oficio a los ojos de la República romana del 1849
Authors: Cicerchia Andrea
Published: June 2019

El presente artículo nace de un episodio ocurrido con los papeles del archivo de la Inquisición romana durante un momento de gran importancia para la historia del proceso unitario italiano: la República romana del 1849. A partir del análisis de una minuta de inventario producida por los órganos civiles republicanos y que se conserva en el Archivio di Stato de Roma este trabajo reconstruye la estructura fi sica del archivo inquisitorial, así como su manera de organizar papeles a la mitad del siglo XIX, un momento en que las otras inquisiciones modernas, ya abolidas, vivian entre mito e historia.
¿Resguardar el archivo o proteger el secreto?
Authors: Puga Gabriel Torres
Published: June 2019

La Inquisición se interesó siempre en resguardar sus archivos y en proteger el secreto que caracterizaba su actividad. Tan cercanos eran los conceptos de archivo y de secreto que llegaron a ser sinónimos. ¿Pero qué ocurrió cuando un archivo se encontró en riesgo de caer en manos enemigas? ¿Pusieron los inquisidores todo su empeño en salvarlo o estuvieron dispuestos a sacrifi carlo para resguardar el secreto?
The Armenian Genocide in Brazil:
Authors: Loureiro Heitor
Published: June 2019

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Marcas da ação editorial na série graduada de Língua Portuguesa Meninice
Authors: Goulart Ilsa do Carmo Vieira
Published: June 2019

Este trabalho insere-se numa rede de produções acadêmicas que se preocupa com a concepção e apresentação dos aspectos concernentes à historicidade dos livros didáticos de Língua Portuguesa, no Brasil. O texto, aqui apresentado, constitui-se parte de uma pesquisa de doutorado, ainda em andamento, que elege como objeto de estudo a materialidade do impresso a partir da análise dos dispositivos tipográficos e textuais, ao focalizar as ilustrações e os escritos presentes na série graduada de Língua Portuguesa Meninice, de Luiz Gonzaga Fleury (1937/1948/1957). No limite de elaboração deste texto, apresentaremos aspectos denominados de diferenciadores e permanentes que marcam a produção e a intervenção editorial comparando as edições gráficas de três exemplares referentes à primeira edição de 1937, a 86.ª edição, de 1948 e a 121.ª edição de 1957, do terceiro livro que compõe esta série graduada de leitura.Palavras-chave: Série graduada de leitura. Intervenção editorial. Dispositivos tipográficos e textuais.
A formação de professores de língua estrangeira na era das tecnologias digitais
Authors: Marzari Gabriela Quatrin
Published: June 2019

A formação de professores de línguas tem sido foco de estudos diversos (ALMEIDA FILHO, 2000, 2009; LEFFA, 2001; CELANI, 2002; FREIRE, 2011; entre outros), especialmente devido à presença das tecnologias digitais na sociedade contemporânea. Neste estudo, tem-se como objetivo principal identificar as principais dificuldades encontradas no processo de formação inicial e continuada de professores de línguas estrangeiras, especificamente, de língua inglesa. Além disso, busca-se justificar a importância de ações governamentais, a exemplo do Programa Institucional de Bolsa de Iniciação à Docência (PIBID), para a melhoria da qualidade do ensino básico, especialmente o ensino de Línguas Estrangeiras (LEs), e para uma formação docente de qualidade. A pesquisa justifica-se pelo fato de que é necessário repensar a qualidade do ensino na Educação Básica, especialmente no que diz respeito às LEs, e a formação de professores de LEs, permitindo que haja qualidade e continuidade nesse processo, que apenas inicia na Universidade. Palavras-chave: Língua Inglesa. Formação de professores. Desafios e perspectivas.
O criar em ação: concepções e reflexão para prática da criatividade
Authors: Alencar Andréa Gomes de
Published: June 2019

Partindo do pressuposto de que o conceito de criatividade é encarado sob diversos aspectos no meio acadêmico, ora sendo observado como algo inato ao ser humano – e, portanto, não desenvolvido –, ora visto como uma habilidade que deve ser exercitada, propomos, nesse estudo, retomar algumas dessas teorias e evidenciar como esse conceito pode ser utilizado em sala de aula. Para tanto, além de apresentar apontamentos sobre o que seja, de fato, criatividade, trataremos de mostrar estratégias para seu desenvolvimento, bem como evidenciar como ela pode ser trabalhada no contexto escolar. Finalizaremos com uma análise de texto literário, apontando quais os recursos utilizados pela autora em sua prática criativa.   Palavras-chave: produção de textos, competência criativa, desenvolvimento da criatividade
Estágio e formação na prática pedagógica em creches públicas italianas
Authors: Infantino Agnese
Published: June 2019

O estágio universitário na formação dos futuros professores de creches pode ser uma ocasião importante para aproximar a formação na prática na creche e aquela de base, a partir da centralidade da dimensão da prática. É no contato com a prática educativa que os estudantes podem desenvolver um pensamento reflexivo e crítico, competência fundamental no trabalho educativo, em particular com a primeira infância. As figuras da professora tutora de creche e do supervisor em sala sustentam o desenvolvimento de processos de aprendizagem e de conhecimento em que os estudantes desempenham um papel ativo, de protagonistas diretos na criação do saber. Em particular, merecem ser investigadas as dinâmicas da formação na prática das quais participam, em uma marcada interação mútua, estagiário e tutor. Esclarecer e conhecer melhor as modalidades desta relação formadora daria uma contribuição ao valor da prática como dimensão constitutiva do saber e da formação em educação. O artigo descreve um percurso de estágio universitário destinado a estudantes que escolheram o âmbito da primeira infância, discutindo os principais nós críticos e pontos fortes do planejamento educacional.
DIVERSIDADE EM CURSO DE ENGENHARIA NA PERSPECTIVA DE ESTUDANTES COM HABILIDADES NO USO DE SOFTWARES
Authors: Diniz Cládice Nóbile , Rangni Rosemeire de Araújo
Published: June 2019

O artigo apresenta uma investigaçãode identidade cultural e diversidade aplicada a alunos ingressantes de um cursode engenharia de produção, da ótica dos que podem ser apontados com alto potencialno uso de softwares e internet. O referencial teórico pautou-se em autores deestudos culturais e de educação especial e na legislação. A metodologia foiexploratória e de campo. Os resultados sugerem que o sucesso escolar dos ingressantes aparentavir do esforço individual, familiar e das escolas onde estudaram. Concluiu-se sobre o papel dauniversidade quanto a prover fluênciatecnológica e pela pertinência dos conhecimentos da educação especial aosestudos culturais, em contribuição interdisciplinar.Palavras-chave: Diversidade. Habilidades em softwares.Curso de Engenharia de Produção
AVALIAÇÃO DE CURSOS NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES E INDIVIDUAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR DA ESCOLA BÁSICA
Authors: Cunha Claudia Madruga
Published: June 2019

Este texto aborda um processo de qualificação docente que vinculado a Programa Institucional, se realiza na Universidade Federal de Paraná assim como em outras universidades estaduais que fazem parceria com a Secretaria Estadual de Educação. Seu objetivo é questionar como os professores do ensino básico avaliam sua prática de formação continuada deslocados de seus contextos. Isso por meio da análise dos dados obtidos através de um instrumento de avaliação aplicado aos professores participantes que destaca critérios sobre os quais avaliam os cursos que recebem nesta formação indicando a imagem de um coletivo profissional. A influência de um meio sobre outro, universidade e escola, é refletida, quando estes professores tentam se diferenciar, se individuar pelo estudo e pela pesquisa da própria prática. A teorização lança mão da perspectiva deleuziana sobre a diferença, dialogando com outros autores, na tentativa de explicitar que nesta qualificação docente, uma prática instituída na escola clama por novos sentidos.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: avaliação, pratica docente, individuação
PARTICIPAR E CONSTRUIR COLETIVAMENTE A EXPERIÊNCIA DE AVALIAÇÃO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL ITALIANA
Authors: Macedo Elina Elias
Published: June 2019

Resenha do livro Participação e qualidade em educação da infância: percursos de compartilhamento reflexivo em contextos educativos
AVALIAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES: QUE LIÇÕES DO CASO PORTUGUÊS?
Authors: Machado Prof. Dr. Eusébio José , Abelha Profa. Dra. Marta
Published: June 2019

No atual contexto de “omniavaliação”, a avaliação de professores assume um papel central nas políticas educativas e na construção da profissionalidade docente, surgindo dilacerada entre pressões de performatividade e desejos emancipatórios. Neste aspeto, as mudanças ocorridas em Portugal, sobretudo no período entre 2007-2013, facultam contributos muito pregnantes para a discussão das lógicas, processos e dispositivos de avaliação de professores, quer no que respeita às implicações endógenas, quer no que respeita aos efeitos exógenos. No âmbito deste artigo, a partir do acervo de investigação realizada em Portugal, discutimos os resultados obtidos e retiramos as principais lições sobre a análise de dois aspetos que têm merecido particular destaque na literatura: i) a avaliação centrada na escola e ii) a avaliação pelos pares.
A ARENA DISCURSIVA UNIVERSIDADE - ESCOLA NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA
Authors: Pereira Sílvia Letícia Matievicz
Published: June 2019

Neste artigo, examino a materialidade discursiva da interação entre professores universitários e professores da educação básica, participantes do Programa de Desenvolvimento Educacional do Paraná (PDE/PR) - política pública estadual de formação continuada ofertada anualmente a cerca de 2000 professores efetivos da rede pública de ensino. Este trabalho faz parte de pesquisa de doutorado em andamento, de caráter qualitativo-interpretativista, a qual tem como foco a reflexão sobre o papel desempenhado pela universidade na formação continuada de professores de língua portuguesa para o seu local de trabalho. A análise, orientada pelo dialogismo bakhtiniano (BAKHTIN, 1988, 2003; BAKHTIN/VOLOCHINOV, 2004), procura desvendar alguns contornos dessa interação. Os resultados evidenciam, no seio de um mesmo programa,  diálogos distintos entre universidade e escola: um que favorece a manutenção da distância entre as duas esferas e outro que propicia a construção de conhecimentos específicos para o exercício da docência, com base no conhecimento acadêmico.
A formação continuada no local de trabalho do professor e a construção de uma comunidade de prática: possibilidades de agência social
Authors: De Grande Paula Baracat
Published: June 2019

Neste artigo, analiso um recorte de um corpus gerado para uma pesquisa de doutorado em andamento que tem por objeto a formação continuada do professor em seu local de trabalho. A pesquisa, qualitativa-interpretativista e de cunho etnográfico, tem como corpus dados gerados em observação participante em reuniões de Hora de Trabalho Pedagógico Coletivo de Ensino Fundamental I de uma escola do interior paulista. Inserido no campo transdisciplinar da Linguística Aplicada, o estudo baseia-se na perspectiva sociocultural dos Estudos de Letramento e na concepção dialógica de linguagem do Círculo de Bakhtin. Neste trabalho, trago a análise de um comunicado oficial que regula a prática de HTPC e de dados de interação nessas reuniões que mostra que, apesar das restrições institucionais, quando conseguem construir uma comunidade de prática, um coletivo para se identificar, as professoras organizam sua própria formação, constroem a possibilidade de agência social nesse contexto e direcionam suas aprendizagens conforme suas próprias demandas profissionais.
A INFÂNCIA NO LIMIAR: EIXO, INSPIRAÇÃO E PRINCÍPIOS NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA E PERMANENTE DAS/OS PROFESSORAS/ES DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Silva Adriana da Alves
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo no limiar do relato de experiência apresenta reflexões a cerca das infância(s) como eixo e inspiração teórico metodológico na formação de professoras/es nos anos iniciais e na formação continuada na Educação Infantil. Da experiência do estágio no curso de Pedagogia da UFSC em uma escola estadual em Florianópolis à olhares sobre a formação continuada nas redes municipais de Educação Infantil de São José e Florianópolis, ambas formações voltadas ao eixos curriculares: brincadeiras, múltiplas linguagens e relações sociais e culturais, o espaço e tempo na EI. Limiares das infâncias nos anos iniciais à educação infantil, entre as/os professoras/es em exercício na escola, das/dos em formação continuada das creches, CEI´s e NEI´s (Centros e Núcleos de EI) nas horas atividades, múltiplos e instigantes olhares para as relações entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão da universidade articuladas com a perspectiva deste dossiê sobre formação continuada, entrelaçando: as pesquisas, políticas e práticas.
Entrevista com JADER JANER MOREIRA LOPES
Authors: Silva Jorge Luiz Barcellos da , Carvalho João do Prado Ferraz de
Published: June 2019

Jader Janer Moreira Lopes, mineiro de Juiz de Fora, possui graduação em Geografia pela Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (1989), mestrado em Educação pela Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (1998), doutorado em Educação pela Universidade Federal Fluminense (2003) e pós-doutorado pelo Internationaler Promotionsstudiengang Erziehungswissenchaft/Psychologie- INEDD, da Universität Siegen, Alemanha. Pesquisador da FAPERJ, CNPq e CAPES, coordena o Grupo de Pesquisa e Estudos em Geografia da Infância- GRUPEGI (CNPq/UFF/UFJF) cujo foco principal é produzir conhecimentos relativos às relações que as crianças possuem com os espaços, contribuindo com os recentes (e raros) trabalhos que explicitam diálogos entre a ciência geográfica e o campo de estudos da infância. A entrevista foi realizada pelos professores Dr. Jorge Barcellos e Dr. João do Prado do Curso de Pedagogia da UNIFESP.