bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reviews Left and Right: The Link Between Reviewers’ Political Ideology and Online Review Language
Authors: Graf-Vlachy Lorenz , Goyal Tarun , Ouardi Yannick , König Andreas
Published: May 2020

Online reviews, i.e., evaluations of products and services posted on websites, are ubiquitous. Prior research observed substantial variance in the language of such online reviews and linked it to downstream consequences like perceived helpfulness. However, the understanding of why the language of reviews varies is limited. This is problematic because it might have vital implications for the design of IT systems and user interactions. To improve the understanding of online review language, the paper proposes that consumers’ personality, as reflected in their political ideology, is a predictor of such online review language. Specifically, it is hypothesized that reviewers’ political ideology as measured by degree of conservatism on a liberal–conservative spectrum is negatively related to review depth (the number of words and the number of arguments in a review), cognitively complex language in reviews, diversity of arguments, and positive valence in language. Support for these hypotheses is obtained through the analysis of a unique dataset that links a sample of online reviews to reviewers’ political ideology as inferred from their online news consumption recorded in clickstream data.
Integration of polar-analytic functions and applications to Boas’ differentiation formula and Bernstein’s inequality in Mellin setting
Authors: Bardaro Carlo , Butzer Paul L. , Mantellini Ilaria , Schmeisser Gerhard
Published: May 2020

We establish a general version of Cauchy’s integral formula and a residue theorem for polar-analytic functions, employing the new notion of logarithmic poles. As an application, a Boas-type differentiation formula in Mellin setting and a Bernstein-type inequality for polar Mellin derivatives are deduced.
Two Roads, One Destination: Community and Organizational Mechanisms for Contextualizing Child Abuse Prevention in Australia and the UK
Authors: Firmin Carlene , Rayment-McHugh Susan
Published: May 2020

Calls for a contextual approach to abuse prevention highlight a need to better understand how contextual frameworks may be operationalized. Using a dual-case study design, this research compares two contrasting pilot projects underpinned by contextual theories of abuse prevention. One was implemented in a small remote Indigenous community in Australia and aimed to reduce the extent of youth-perpetrated sexual abuse. The other occurred in a densely populated urban area in London (UK) and involved the co-creation and testing of a contextual child protection response to peer-to-peer abuse. Despite their divergent approaches to developing contextual practice, a comparison of the two projects identified shared features of implementation. Both involved context-specific community buy-in and ownership of a response to peer-to-peer abuse; solutions that were co-created between professionals and communities; and the enhancement of community guardianship, pro-social use of space, and changes to the physical design of areas to increase safety. Consequentially, both projects demanded a radical transformation in the way health and social care professionals viewed the target of their interventions—the what—and the approach to achieving change—the how. Comparing these two case studies provides a unique opportunity to extend knowledge on the practical application of contextual theoretical approaches to abuse prevention.
Community-based interventions for hoarding: Impacts on children, youth and families
Authors: Bratiotis Christiana
Published: May 2020

Hoarding is a complex and persistent mental illness that may pose significant threats to the health, safety and optimal functioning of the sufferer and their family members. Children and youth who live in hoarded environments are especially vulnerable to safety hazards and the negative social and developmental impacts that can result from this challenging behaviour. Some educational, health and protective service organisations are compelled to act on legal and regulatory mandates that necessitate interventions for hoarding in cases where children and youth are residing and may be at risk. Striking the balance between individual rights and protection of some of society’s most vulnerable citizens is a significant challenge. Carefully executed multidisciplinary interventions grounded in an ecological system’s approach offer some hope for minimising adverse impacts on youth and families while reducing the potential for harm caused by hoarding behaviour.
Is Conspiracy Theorizing Really Epistemically Problematic?
Authors: Hagen Kurtis
Published: May 2020

In an article based on a recent address to the Royal Institute of Philosophy, Keith Harris has argued that there is something epistemically wrong with conspiracy theorizing. Although he finds “standard criticisms” of conspiracy theories wanting, he argues that there are three subtle but significant problems with conspiracy theorizing: (1) It relies on an invalid probabilistic version of modus tollens. (2) It involves a problematic combination of both epistemic virtues and vices. And (3) it lacks an adequate basis for trust in its information sources. In response to Harris, this article argues that, like previous criticisms, these criticisms do little to undermine conspiracy theorizing as such. And they do not give us good reasons to dismiss any particular conspiracy theory without consideration of the relevant evidence.
Social jetlag, eating behaviours and BMI among adolescents in the USA
Authors: Mathew Gina Marie , Hale Lauren , Chang Anne-Marie
Published: May 2020

There is a lack of research on associations of social jetlag with eating behaviours and obesity among adolescents. We examined the associations of social jetlag with eating behaviours and BMI in adolescents before and after adjustment for potential confounders. Self-report data were collected from 3060 adolescents (48·1 % female, mean age 15·59 (sd 0·77) years) from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study. In regression models, social jetlag predicted odds of consumption of breakfast, fruits/vegetables, fast food and sweetened drinks and BMI percentile. Primary models adjusted for school night sleep duration, sex, age, household income and youth living arrangements; secondary models further adjusted for race/ethnicity. In fully adjusted models, greater social jetlag was associated with lower odds of consumption of breakfast (OR = 0·92, P = 0·003) and fruits/vegetables (OR = 0·92, P = 0·009) and higher odds of consumption of fast food (OR = 1·18, P < 0·001) and sweetened drinks (OR = 1·18, P < 0·001). Social jetlag was positively associated with BMI percentile after additional adjustment for eating behaviours (b = 0·84, P = 0·037), but this relationship was attenuated after adjustment for race/ethnicity (b = 0·72, P = 0·072). Ethnoracial differences in social jetlag may attenuate the association of social jetlag with BMI and should be considered in future studies of circadian misalignment, eating behaviours and obesity markers.
“I Have Ambition”: Muhammad Ramadan's Proletarian Masculinities in Postrevolution Egyptian Cinema
Authors: Hasso Frances S.
Published: May 2020

This article provides a close reading of two popular Egyptian action films,al-Almani(The German, 2012), the first blockbuster since the 25 January 2011 revolution, andQalb al-Asad(Lion heart, 2013), both starring Muhammad Ramadan as a socially produced proletarian “thug” figure. Made for Egyptian audiences, the films privilege entertainment over aesthetics or politics. However, they express distinct messages about violence, morality, and revolution that are shaped by their moments of postrevolutionary release. They present the police state in salutary yet ambivalent terms. They offer a rupture with prerevolutionary cinema by staging the failure of proletarian masculinities and femininities that rely on middle-class respectability in relation to sex, marriage, and work. Even as each film expresses traces of revolutionary upheaval and even nostalgia, cynicism rather than hopefulness dominates, especially inal-Almani, which conveys to the middle and upper classes the specter of an ever-present threat of masculine frustration. The form and content ofQalb al-Asad, by comparison, offer the option of reconciling opposing elements—an Egyptian story line with a less repressive conclusion if one chooses a path between revolutionary resistance and accepting defeat.
The effects of cropping sequence, fertilization and straw management on the yield stability of winter wheat (1986–2017) in the Broadbalk Wheat Experiment, Rothamsted, UK
Authors: Macholdt J. , Piepho H.-P. , Honermeier B. , Perryman S. , Macdonald A. , Poulton P.
Published: May 2020

The development of resilient cropping systems with high yield stability is becoming increasingly important due to future climatic and agronomic challenges. Consequently, it is essential to compare the effects of different agronomic management practices, such as cropping sequences and nutrient supply, on the stability of crop yields. Long-term experiments are a valuable resource for investigating these effects, as they provide enough time to accurately estimate stability parameters. The objective of the current study was to compare the effects of different cropping sequencing (#1: continuous v. rotational), fertilization (#2: mineral v. organic) and straw management techniques (in the case of continuous wheat; #3: removal v. incorporation) on the yield stability of winter wheat; yield risk (the probability of yield falling below a threshold yield level) and inter-annual yield variability were used as stability indicators of the effects. Long-term yield data from the Broadbalk Wheat Experiment (Rothamsted, UK) were analysed using a mixed model. Overall, the results showed that rotational cropping combined with sufficient mineral N fertilizer, with or without organic manure, ensured stable wheat yields while reducing yield risk. In contrast, higher yield risks and inter-annual yield variabilities were found in continuous wheat sections with less mineral N fertilizer or with organic manure only.
Board Reforms and Dividend Policy: International Evidence
Authors: Bae Kee-Hong , El Ghoul Sadok , Guedhami Omrane , Zheng Xiaolan
Published: May 2020

We study the impact of board reforms implemented in 40 countries worldwide on corporate dividend policy. Using a difference-in-differences analysis, we find that firms pay higher dividends following the reforms. The increase in dividend payouts is more pronounced for firms with weak board governance in the pre-reform period and those in countries with strong external governance mechanisms. Our findings corroborate the dividend outcome model, which postulates that board reforms strengthen the monitoring role of the board and empower outside shareholders to force management to disgorge dividends.
Unification at the cost of realism and precision
Authors: Brown Rachael L. , Brusse Carl , Huebner Bryce , Pain Ross
Published: May 2020

Veissière et al. must sacrifice explanatory realism and precision in order to develop a unified formal model. Drawing on examples from cognitive archeology, we argue that this makes it difficult for them to derive the kinds of testable predictions that would allow them to resolve debates over the nature of human social cognition and cultural acquisition.
Culture and the plasticity of perception
Authors: Lifshitz Michael , Luhrmann T. M.
Published: May 2020

Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.
“Why are the Corrupt, Corrupt?”: The Multilevel Analytical Model of Corruption
Authors: Modesto João Gabriel , Pilati Ronaldo
Published: May 2020

Corruption is a global problem. Despite the importance of this theme, a shortage of theoretical models in both psychology and related areas that favor its understanding and investigation is noted. Due to this scarcity of theoretical models, in addition to the need to systematize studies on the topic, this theoretical article aims to describe the Analytical Model of Corruption (AMC) as an interdisciplinary and multilevel proposal aimed at corruption analysis. To achieve this goal, the concept of corruption was analyzed using related phenomena as reference. Similarities and differences in corruption have been identified with dishonest behavior and unethical behavior. Subsequently, theoretical models on corruption identified in the literature were presented, and their main characteristics and limitations were pointed out. After describing the models, the AMC was presented and its advantages over the previous models were discussed. Finally, it was concluded that the AMC could be configured as a theoretical model that guides interdisciplinary studies on corruption, allowing for a more complete analysis compared to previous theoretical models identified in the literature.
When Grandparents Move In
Authors: Smith Brian T. , Charlton Kelly
Published: May 2020

Abstract. This paper explores the impact of growing up with an older adult in the home on one’s attitudes toward older adults. We surveyed 309 participants for their opinions on older adults, whether they grew up living with an older adult, and whether the older adult they lived with was ill. Those who grew up with an older adult had significantly lower opinions of the elderly but had less anxiety around their own aging process. This negative impact of contact seemed especially pronounced if the older adult was ill. Results indicate that although contact in and of itself can have a positive benefit on opinions toward the elderly, the nature of the relationship impacts the effectiveness of the contact.
We Need to Direct More Science Research Dollars to Rural America
Authors: Steltzer Heidi
Published: May 2020

Pandemic relief funding should provide a much-needed boost to scientific research. And we should steer those dollars toward where they can do the most good.
A novel genomic region on chromosome 11 associated with fearfulness in dogs
Authors: Sarviaho R. , Hakosalo O. , Tiira K. , Sulkama S. , Niskanen J. E. , Hytönen M. K. , Sillanpää M. J. , Lohi H.
Published: May 2020

The complex phenotypic and genetic nature of anxieties hampers progress in unravelling their molecular etiologies. Dogs present extensive natural variation in fear and anxiety behaviour and could advance the understanding of the molecular background of behaviour due to their unique breeding history and genetic architecture. As dogs live as part of human families under constant care and monitoring, information from their behaviour and experiences are easily available. Here we have studied the genetic background of fearfulness in the Great Dane breed. Dogs were scored and categorised into cases and controls based on the results of the validated owner-completed behavioural survey. A genome-wide association study in a cohort of 124 dogs with and without socialisation as a covariate revealed a genome-wide significant locus on chromosome 11. Whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing revealed extensive regions of opposite homozygosity in the same locus on chromosome 11 between the cases and controls with interesting neuronal candidate genes such as MAPK9/JNK2, a known hippocampal regulator of anxiety. Further characterisation of the identified locus will pave the way for molecular understanding of fear in dogs and may provide a natural animal model for human anxieties.
Ergothioneine, a metabolite of the gut bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri, protects against stress-induced sleep disturbances
Authors: Matsuda Yoshiki , Ozawa Nobuyuki , Shinozaki Takiko , Wakabayashi Ken-ichi , Suzuki Kosuke , Kawano Yusuke , Ohtsu Iwao , Tatebayashi Yoshitaka
Published: May 2020

The relationships between depression and gut microbiota, particularly those involving the immune system, have become a major focus of recent research. Here, we analyzed changes in gut microbiota and their sulfur metabolites in the feces of a depression rat model using the modified 14-day social defeat stress (SDS) paradigm. Our results showed that SDS increased fecal Lactobacillus reuteri in correlation with ergothioneine levels at around day 11, which continued for at least 1 month following SDS administration. In vitro study further revealed that L. reuteri is capable of producing ergothioneine. Although the known anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative actions of ergothioneine suggested that the increased fecal ergothioneine levels may be related to intestinal anti-inflammatory defense mechanisms, no change was observed in the plasma ergothioneine levels during the same observation period, indicating that the defense mechanisms may not be sufficiently reflected in the body. As ergothioneine is a natural ingredient that is absorbed mainly from the upper gastrointestinal tract, we hypothesized that oral ergothioneine may exert antidepressant effects. As expected, oral administration of ergothioneine prior to and during the SDS paradigm had a preventative effect on SDS-induced depressive behaviors, such as social avoidance and depression-like sleep abnormalities, particularly those of rapid eye movement sleep. These findings indicate that ergothioneine, a metabolite of L. reuteri, may be a common substance in the microbiota-gut-brain axis that prevents stress-induced sleep disturbances, especially those associated with depression.
Genetic aspects of congenital nephrotic syndrome: a consensus statement from the ERKNet–ESPN inherited glomerulopathy working group
Authors: Lipska-Ziętkiewicz Beata Stefania , Ozaltin Fatih , Hölttä Tuula , Bockenhauer Detlef , Bérody Sandra , Levtchenko Elena , Vivarelli Marina , Webb Hazel , Haffner Dieter , Schaefer Franz , Boyer Olivia
Published: May 2020

Congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS) is a heterogeneous group of disorders presenting with massive proteinuria within the first 3 months of life almost inevitably leading to end-stage kidney disease. The Work Group for the European Reference Network for Kidney Diseases (ERKNet) and the European Society for Pediatric Nephrology (ESPN) has developed consensus statement on genetic aspects of CNS diagnosis and management. The presented expert opinion recommends genetic diagnostics as the key diagnostic test to be ordered already during the initial evaluation of the patient, discusses which phenotyping workup should be performed and presents known genotype–phenotype correlations.
Acellular oxidative potential assay for screening of amorphous silica nanoparticles
Authors: Breznan Dalibor , Nazemof Nazila , Kunc Filip , Hill Myriam , Vladisavljevic Djordje , Gomes James , Johnston Linda J. , Vincent Renaud , Kumarathasan Prem
Published: May 2020

Rapid acellular screening of amorphous silica nanoforms of different sizes and surface modifications for their oxidative potential.
Enveloped artificial viral capsids self-assembled from anionic β-annulus peptide and cationic lipid bilayer
Authors: Furukawa Hiroto , Inaba Hiroshi , Inoue Fumihito , Sasaki Yoshihiro , Akiyoshi Kazunari , Matsuura Kazunori
Published: May 2020

We demonstrated a simple strategy for constructing enveloped artificial viral capsids by self-assembly of anionic artificial viral capsid and lipid bilayer containing cationic lipid.
An emulsion-free digital flow cytometric platform for the precise quantification of microRNA based on single molecule extension-illuminated microbeads (dFlowSeim)
Authors: Fan Wenjiao , Qi Yan , Lu Xiaohui , Ren Wei , Liu Chenghui , Li Zhengping
Published: May 2020

An emulsion-free digital flow cytometric platform is developed for precise quantification of nucleic acids based on single molecule extension-illuminated microbeads.
Hierarchically organized materials with ordered mesopores: adsorption isotherm and adsorption-induced deformation from small-angle scattering
Authors: Ludescher Lukas , Morak Roland , Braxmeier Stephan , Putz Florian , Hüsing Nicola , Reichenauer Gudrun , Paris Oskar
Published: May 2020

Apparent strain artifacts resulting from the evaluation of small-angle X-ray scattering data superimpose the actual adsorption induced deformation in silica with hierarchical porosity. These artifacts can be corrected for by detailed modelling.
Polymer-modified mesoporous silica microcubes (P@MSMCs) for the synergistic oxidative entrapment of Ag(i), Ti(iv), and Zn(ii) from natural river water
Authors: Jahan Shanaz , Salman Muhammad , Alias Yatimah Binti , Abu Bakar Ahmad Farid Bin , Mansoor Farrukh , Kanwal Shamsa
Published: May 2020

Herein, we demonstrate a hydrothermal route to the one-pot synthesis of polymeric mesoporous silica microcubes (P@MSMCs) for the adsorption of heavy metal ions.
15.34% efficiency all-small-molecule organic solar cells with an improved fill factor enabled by a fullerene additive
Authors: Hu Dingqin , Yang Qianguang , Chen Haiyan , Wobben Friso , Le Corre Vincent M. , Singh Ranbir , Liu Tao , Ma Ruijie , Tang Hua , Koster L. Jan Anton , Duan Tainan , Yan He , Kan Zhipeng , Xiao Zeyun , Lu Shirong
Published: May 2020

A fullerene additive adjusts the miscibility between donor and acceptor for morphology optimization and reduces bimolecular recombination, assisting significant improvement of fill factor and efficiency.
A square channel vanadium phosphite framework as a high voltage cathode for Li- and Na-ion batteries
Authors: Sandineni Prashanth , Madria Pranal , Ghosh Kartik , Choudhury Amitava
Published: May 2020

An open framework vanadium phosphite, LiV(HPO3)2, exhibits insertion voltages of 4 and 3.7 V in Li- and Na-ion batteries, respectively.
Electron transfer induced magnetic ordering of metal-cyanide magnets
Authors: Huang Yulong , Hu Yong , An Lu , Li Zheng , Armstrong Jason N. , Ren Shenqiang
Published: May 2020

Solution synthesis of molecular cyanide magnets via FeSe template is promoted by thermal activation, where TCNE molecules substitute Se atoms in two-dimensional FeSe framework.
Balancing interactions in proline-based receptors for chiral recognition of l-/d-DOPA
Authors: Guo Lin-E. , Tang Yu-Xin , Zhang Shu-Ying , Hong Yuan , Yan Xiao-Sheng , Li Zhao , Jiang Yun-Bao
Published: May 2020

Proline-based receptors for chiral recognition of l-/d-DOPA were optimized in terms of steric and electronic factors of the binding groups, together with fine tuning by introducing a fluorine atom on phenyl ring and changing solution composition.
Slow magnetic relaxation in hexacoordinated cobalt(ii) field-induced single-ion magnets
Authors: Świtlicka Anna , Machura Barbara , Penkala Mateusz , Bieńko Alina , Bieńko Dariusz C. , Titiš Ján , Rajnák Cyril , Boča Roman , Ozarowski Andrew
Published: May 2020

To gain an insight into the factors affecting the enhancement of the energy barrier in SMM/SIM, hexacoordinate pseudohalide Co(ii) complexes based on the tridentate ligand were investigated.
Ligand-controlled palladium catalysis enables switch between mono- and di-arylation of primary aromatic amines with 2-halobenzothiazoles
Authors: Zhu Yan-Qiu , Zhang Rui , Sang Wei , Wang Hua-Jing , Wu Yuan , Yu Bao-Yi , Zhang Jun-Chao , Cheng Hua , Chen Cheng
Published: May 2020

Mono- and di-arylation was switchable simply by varying the applied ligand from Xantphos to a pyridine-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand.
A novel biocompatible, simvastatin-loaded, bone-targeting lipid nanocarrier for treating osteoporosis more effectively
Authors: Tao Shan , Chen Shao-qing , Zhou Wen-tao , Yu Fang-ying , Bao Lu , Qiu Guo-xi , Qiao Qing , Hu Fu-qiang , Wang Jian-wei , Yuan Hong
Published: May 2020

A scheme of the preparation of SIM/ASP6-LNPs and a mechanism which indicated that SIM/ASP6-LNPs could improve the efficacy of SIM on the recovery of osteoporosis under the action of bone-targeting moieties ASP6.
Direct chemical vapor deposition of graphene on plasma-etched quartz glass combined with Pt nanoparticles as an independent transparent electrode for non-enzymatic sensing of hydrogen peroxide
Authors: Li Ning , Yuan Yawen , Liu Jinglei , Hou Shifeng
Published: May 2020

In this work, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method-grown graphene on plasma-etched quartz glass supported platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs/eQG) was constructed as an independent transparent electrode for non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection.
Reduced graphene oxide supported ZnO quantum dots for visible light-induced simultaneous removal of tetracycline and hexavalent chromium
Authors: Kumar K. V. Ashok , Lakshminarayana Bhairi , Suryakala D. , Subrahmanyam Ch.
Published: May 2020

The photocatalytic mechanism explains that electrons and hydroxyl radicals were responsible for reduction of Cr(vi) and oxidation of tetracycline.
Advances in nanotechnology and antibacterial properties of biodegradable food packaging materials
Authors: Fahmy Heba Mohamed , Salah Eldin Rana Essam , Abu Serea Esraa Samy , Gomaa Nourhan Mamdouh , AboElmagd Gehad M. , Salem Suzan A. , Elsayed Ziad A. , Edrees Aisha , Shams-Eldin Engy , Shalan Ahmed Esmail
Published: May 2020

Herein, we aim to summarize the major recent findings in food biodegradable packaging materials that include nanotechnology either directly or indirectly.
Highly efficient, reversible iodine capture and exceptional uptake of amines in viologen-based porous organic polymers
Authors: Li Meiting , Zhao Huanyu , Lu Zhong-Yuan
Published: May 2020

Viologen-based porous organic polymers as highly efficient and reversible adsorbents for iodine and amines.
Microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation: an experimental toolbox for in situ and real time investigation of micro-scale pH evolution
Authors: Zehner Jennifer , Røyne Anja , Wentzel Alexander , Sikorski Pawel
Published: May 2020

We present two novel experimental methods to follow global and local pH changes on a microscale in bio-cementation processes.
Amination of the Gd@C82 endohedral fullerene: tunable substitution effect on quantum coherence behaviors
Authors: Liu Zheng , Huang Huan , Wang Ye-Xin , Dong Bo-Wei , Sun Bao-Yun , Jiang Shang-Da , Gao Song
Published: May 2020

Amination of the endohedral fullerene Gd@C82 exhibits enhanced quantum phase memory time and tunable substitution effect for quantum information processing.
An integrated techno-economic, environmental and social assessment of the solar thermochemical fuel pathway
Authors: Falter Christoph , Valente Antonio , Habersetzer Antoine , Iribarren Diego , Dufour Javier
Published: May 2020

Integrated assessment of the solar thermochemical fuel pathway including production costs, life-cycle emissions, and social risks.
TiO2-mediated visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution by ligand-capped Ru nanoparticles
Authors: Romero Nuria , Guerra Renan Barrach , Gil Laia , Drouet Samuel , Salmeron-Sànchez Ivan , Illa Ona , Philippot Karine , Natali Mirco , García-Antón Jordi , Sala Xavier
Published: May 2020

Efficient and durable visible-light-driven hydrogen evolution from water catalysed by a ternary hybrid nanomaterial where TiO2 acts as both the dispersing agent and electron-mediator.
Polymeric carbon nitrides and related metal-free materials for energy and environmental applications
Authors: Barrio Jesús , Volokh Michael , Shalom Menny
Published: May 2020

Carbon nitrides have emerged as a new class of functional materials for a wide range of energy and environmental applications due to their chemical, photophysical and catalytic properties as well as their low-price, facile synthesis and stability.
Just add water to split water: ultrahigh-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts fabricated using eco-friendly heterointerfacing of NiCo diselenides
Authors: Chen Dongliang , Xu Zhenmiao , Chen Wei , Chen Guangliang , Huang Jun , Song Changsheng , Li Chaorong , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken)
Published: May 2020

Using eco-friendly water-based in situ sprouting, 2M (M = Ni, Co) selenide nanosheets are fabricated. The 2M selenide exhibits high HER (24 mV at j10) and OER (346 mV at j400) performances, including a low cell overpotential of 1.69 V at j100.
Graphene decorated carbonized cellulose fabric for physiological signal monitoring and energy harvesting
Authors: Wu Ronghui , Ma Liyun , Patil Aniruddha , Meng Zhaohui , Liu Sai , Hou Chen , Zhang Yifan , Yu Weidong , Guo Wenxi , Liu Xiang Yang
Published: May 2020

A multifunctional graphene decorated carbonized cellulose fabric was fabricated for human physiological signal monitoring and energy harvesting.
High-temperature decomposition of Cu2BaSnS4 with Sn loss reveals newly identified compound Cu2Ba3Sn2S8
Authors: Márquez José A. , Sun Jon-Paul , Stange Helena , Ali Hasan , Choubrac Leo , Schäfer Stefan , Hages Charles J. , Leifer Klaus , Unold Thomas , Mitzi David B. , Mainz Roland
Published: May 2020

The decomposition mechanism of Cu2BaSnS4 is studied by in situ diffraction and fluorescence analysis revealing “Sn loss” and Cu2Ba3Sn2S8 at high temperatures.
Accelerating hydrogen evolution at neutral pH by destabilization of water with a conducting oxophilic metal oxide
Authors: Xie Zhengzhe , Wang Wugang , Ding Ding , Zou Yu , Cui Yi , Xu Lai , Jiang Jiang
Published: May 2020

Self-supporting Ni4Mo–V2O3 nanosheets, which combine oxophilic V2O3 as a water dissociation center with Ni4Mo as a proton recombination site, display an extremely low overpotential (39.3 mV at 10 mA cm−2) for hydrogen evolution at neutral pH.
The conversion reaction mechanism of bimetallic Ni–Fe hydroxycarbonate and its encapsulation in carbon nanospheres for achieving excellent Li-ion storage performance
Authors: Park Jin-Sung , Hong Jeong Hoo , Yang Su Hyun , Kang Yun Chan
Published: May 2020

The search for promising anode materials with optimum compositions for use in lithium ion batteries (LIBs) is still underway.
Carbon aerogels with atomic dispersion of binary iron–cobalt sites as effective oxygen catalysts for flexible zinc–air batteries
Authors: Chen Yang , Hu Shengqiang , Nichols Forrest , Bridges Frank , Kan Shuting , He Ting , Zhang Yi , Chen Shaowei
Published: May 2020

Hydrogel is used as a structural template and precursor to prepare carbon aerogel doped with Fe–Co bimetal sites as bifunctional catalysts for ORR and OER, which exhibits enhanced activity and stability, as compared to the monometal counterparts.
Efficient suppression of amyloid-β peptide aggregation and cytotoxicity with photosensitive polymer nanodots
Authors: Xu Yueling , Xiao Lehui
Published: May 2020

The aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides is closely related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). These functionalized Pdots manifest effective photo-triggered suppression ability for the Aβ aggregation and cytotoxicity under irradiation.
Recent progress in dynamic covalent chemistries for liquid crystal elastomers
Authors: Wang Zhijian , Cai Shengqiang
Published: May 2020

This review article discusses the recent progress in designing, synthesizing and programming liquid crystal elastomers with different dynamic covalent bonds.
Magnetic properties of epitaxial TmFe2O4 thin films with an anomalous interfacial structure
Authors: Kim You Jin , Konishi Shinya , Hayasaka Yuichiro , Ota Ryo , Tomozawa Ryosuke , Tanaka Katsuhisa
Published: May 2020

Epitaxial TmFe2O4 thin film with self-assembled interface structure was grown on yttria-stabilized zirconia substrate. TmFe2O4 phase itself shows glassy behavior and the interface leads to the exchange bias effect.
An in-plane WSe2 p–n homojunction two-dimensional diode by laser-induced doping
Authors: Yang Sujeong , Lee Geonyeop , Kim Janghyuk , Yang Seunghoon , Lee Chul-Ho , Kim Jihyun
Published: May 2020

Laser-treatment was used to take p-doping effects on WSe2 locally, which induce in-plane WSe2 p–n homojunction.
Fast fabrication of double-layer printed circuits using bismuth-based low-melting alloy beads
Authors: Zhang Pengju , Yu Yang , Chen Bowei , Wang Wei , Wei Sijian , Rao Wei , Wang Qian
Published: May 2020

A novel fabrication method for double-layer printed circuits was reported based on BiInSn beads, offering more simplicity, practicability and functional diversity.
The Role of the General Practitioner in Managing Age-Related Hearing Loss: A Scoping Review
Authors: Bennett Rebecca J. , Conway Nicole , Fletcher Susan , Barr Caitlin
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this review was to examine the research activity relating to the role of the general practitioner (GP) in managing age-related hearing loss in older adults.

Method

A literature search of peer-reviewed journal articles published in English was conducted in online bibliographic databases using multiple variations of the keywords “general practitioner” and “hearing.”

Results

The search strategy identified 3,255 articles. The abstracts of all articles were screened with 124 full-text records subsequently assessed for eligibility. Forty-nine articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review.

Conclusions

For people with hearing loss, the GP can play an instrumental role in guiding appropriate and timely choices for addressing hearing concerns. There are a range of quick, easy, and sensitive methods available to GPs to assist the objective evaluation of hearing. The evidence suggests that implementing hearing screening programs targeting older adults will increase rates of hearing loss detection and subsequently increase the number of patients receiving hearing loss intervention. Education and training appear key to improving GPs’ screening, management, and referral of patients with hearing loss in the primary health care setting.
Metabiotics in molecular nutrition: history and practice
Authors: Bazarnova Julia , Eliseeva Svetlana , Zhilinskaya Nadezhda , Barsukova Natalya , Aronova Ekaterina , Korzh Aleksey
Published: May 2020

The human microbiota is formed under the influence of external factors, among which a healthy diet plays a key role. The modern people microbiome changes under human eating behavior, stressful factors, agricultural industrialization, increased environmental load, and alimentary disease risks. The human gut microbiome is recognized as the most important biological interface between human genetics, environment, and lifestyle. Nutrition science is entering a new era of targeted action on the body's metabolic activity through the formation of a healthy microbiome, taking into account men individual nutritional characteristics. The paper presents the design of healthy food product technologies, the molecular concept of food engineering and molecular gastronomy, their relationship with traditional cooking and modern cuisine. Much attention is paid to the description of main components and directions of modern molecular gastronomy development, innovative technologies, and ingredients. The role of dietary fibers, prebiotics and probiotics for the normalization of gastrointestinal tract is indicated from the position of the adequate nutrition theory. Some scientific studies on probiotic and metabiotic effects on gut microbiome are described. Modern advances in food biotechnology allow us to obtain symbiotic microbiological culture consortia for new healthy food product manufacture including molecular gastronomy technologies.
Implementation of BIM Modelling and Simulation Tools in Reducing Annual Energy Consumption of Multifamily Dwellings
Authors: Yarramsetty Subbarao , Siva Kumar MVN , Anand Raj P
Published: May 2020

In current research, building modelling and energy simulation tools were used to analyse and estimate the energy use of dwellings in order to reduce the annual energy use in multifamily dwellings. A three-story residential building located in Kabul city was modelled in Revit and all required parameters for running energy simulation were set. A Total of 126 experiments were conducted to estimate annual energy loads of the building. Different combinations from various components such as walls, roofs, floors, doors, and windows were created and simulated. Ultimately, the most energy efficient option in the context of Afghan dwellings was figured out. The building components consist of different locally available construction materials currently used in buildings in Afghanistan. Furthermore, the best energy efficient option was simulated by varying, building orientation in 15-degree increments and glazing area from 10% to 60% to find the most energy efficient combination. It was found that combination No. 48 was best option from energy conservation point of view and 120-degree rotational angle from north to east, of the existing building was the most energy-efficient option. Also, it was observed that 60% glazing area model consumed 24549 kWh more electricity compared to the one with 10% glazing area.
Strategy of Container Assembly for a Positive Energy Impact in Poona India
Authors: Mustapha F. , El Abbassi I. , kaci A. , Kadri E. , Darcherif M.
Published: May 2020

Every year the Indian government is involved in the construction of nearly two million new buildings excluding the tertiary sector. These homes are not only intended primarily to house Indian populations, but the authorities concerned have also placed emphasis on sustainable development, since as all over the world the residential sector is the one that consumes the most energy. Indeed, active and passive strategies to reduce the energy consumption of dwellings have been established and even applied. Among the passive strategies, the global shape of the building, initially specific to modular architecture impacts the aesthetic part of the building but also its energetic bills. The concept of modular architecture is mainly the assembly of identical cells and, in different ways, the overall energy consumption depends on the initial assembly of the cells and therefore on the resulting shape of this assembly. The purpose of this article is to determine the impact of the shape on the energy balance. For this study, the container is the archetype used, in fact the metal box being a standardized, economical and easily transformable product in living space. The complex system resulting from the assembly of several containers offers a new way of thinking about housing from an architectural, economic, aesthetic and energetic point of view. In this article, we will focus on studying the impact of the overall shape of container-type housing on annual energy bill, with the aim of optimizing energy efficiency and achieving an eco-container model that meets international eco-sustainability criteria. The results demonstrate the undeniable correlation between geometric and energy aspects, the latter being mainly related to the internal thermal comfort of the container housing cells.
Internet of Things (IoT) based outdoor performance characterisation of solar photovoltaic module
Authors: Nasikkar Paresh S. , Sayyad Javed K.
Published: May 2020

Outdoor performance characterisation of the Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) module is essential to while designing and commissioning a new SPV power plant. The health of SPV plant is monitored using a conventional method which underutilises the workforce and resources used for Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of the SPV power plant. Outdoor performance characterisation of SPV module using reliable, compact, portable, and economical Current-Voltage (I-V) curve tracer having IoT capability and auto sweep capability is presented in this paper. The capacitive load method is used for I-V curve sweep, and the result is compared with the resistive load method. In this paper, the advantages of using a capacitive load method over resistive load method are observed and experimentally validated. The ease of using IoT feature makes this proposed I-V Curve Tracer (IVCT) device more reliable to trace Current-Voltage (I-V) curve and Power-Voltage (P-V) curve for outdoor performance characterisation of SPV module.
Intelligent Vehicle Speed Controlling and Pothole Detection System
Authors: Anand Aditya , Gawande Rushiraj , Jadhav Prathamesh , Shahapurkar Rima , Devi Anjali , Kumar Nikhil
Published: May 2020

Speed is the single largest killer on India’s roads. The higher the speed, the greater the impact and the more the chances of grievous injury and death. This is why speed management is something which needs to be seriously considered. Here is an approach to build a system which reduces the number of accidents due to driver’s negligence of over speeding. We are proposing a Dynamic Speed Limiter with the help of machine learning algorithm which will help in reducing the accidents caused due to over speeding and rash driving of vehicles on road. The proposed system set the maximum speed of vehicle with the help of sign board available on the roads which define the safe driving speed of vehicle for that area or road. Also to solve the potholes we are using ML algorithm and mobile phone accelerometer to detect the potholes, accelerometer vibrations are set. After detecting the vibrations, the location (i.e. longitude and latitude) is marked on the GPS, commuters will get information about potholes.
Parametric Design and Comparative Analysis of a Special Purpose Flexure Spring
Authors: Bhoyar Suraj , Bhojwani Virendra , Sanap Sudarshan
Published: May 2020

Flexure springs play pivotal role to ensure reliability and durability of the cryocooler compressors. The critical application of flexure spring intends to eliminate the wear, frictional losses and significantly vibrations. A parameter study was performed considering the design variables of a flexure spring to meet the requirements of the cryocooler compressors viz. complexity of the geometric configuration, radial and axial stiffness, fatigue life, material, etc. The parametric design approach was deployed using finite element analysis (FEA), to validate the same by experimental data to analyse the performance of the flexure spring. This paper also presents a comparative analysis of the design variables in terms of axial and radial stiffness, induced stress as well as the manufacturing methods’ considerations to optimize the design of a special purpose flexure spring for the cryocooler compressors. Furthermore, experimental study of the flexure spring was carried out in order to maximize the stroke.
Bleeding Detection in Gastrointestinal Images using Texture Classification and Local Binary Pattern Technique: A Review
Authors: Goyal Aparna , Gunjan Reena
Published: May 2020

Texture analysis has proven to be a breakthrough in many applications of computer image analysis. It has been used for classification or segmentation of images which requires an effective description of image texture. Due to high discriminative power and simplicity of computation, the local binary pattern descriptors have been used for distinguishing different textures and in extracting texture and color in medical images. This paper discusses performance of various texture classification techniques using Contourlet Transform, Discrete Fourier Transform, Local Binary Patterns and Lacunarity analysis. The study reveals that the incorporation of efficient image segmentation, enhancement and texture classification using local binary pattern descriptor detects bleeding region in human intestines precisely.
Development of shrimp-based chitosan film and assessment of its mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties
Authors: Jankar Jagruti , Nagargoje Yogesh , Chavan Yogita , Jankar Jaydevi , Sahoo Akshay Kumar
Published: May 2020

You Utilization of biodegradable films is a need of food packaging industries in order to reduce the hazards related to plastic use and to extend the food’s shelf life. Various polysaccharides are in use for the purpose of making the films. In this research, chitosan based films were developed and its mechanical, barrier and antimicrobial properties were checked to fulfill the packaging requirements. Chitosan was extracted from shrimp waste and films were produced using 0.5-2 per cent concentrations. At ambient temperature, specific characteristics such as mechanical, barrier, and antimicrobial analysis were performed at an interval of two days. Among all, the films with 2 per cent chitosan showed best results in terms of tensile strength, thickness and percent elongation. Also, the films exhibited maximum resistance to water vapor permeability. The extracted chitosan at 2 per cent concentration had shown the maximum resistance against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. From the current investigation it can be said that films with 2 per cent chitosan could be used as biodegradable food packing materials and can serve as material which would maintain a good city and future of world by minimizing plastic hazards..
Basic Solutions to Waste Management Issues That Will Bring Clean Culture in India
Authors: Koot Bharati
Published: May 2020

The latest population of India is around 1.37 billion and India ranks number two by population in the world. With the increasing population, the obvious thing, the waste generated per day continues to increase. India generates around 65 million tonnes of waste every year and out of which most of the part is not collected, remains untreated at landfills or open areas. This is ruining the beauty of India. And this is already impacting largely on environment, climate, soil, water bodies, national health, and tourism. That also means the waste in India is heading to largely affect the national economy and the global environment. This paper attempts to go back to the basics of human nature and habits, needs and mechanisms for shifting them for the context of waste management and anti-littering to bring clean India forward and contribute to preventing the global environmental crisis.
Cultural Infrastructure and the Planning of Future Cities
Authors: Sindhu S , Reshmi M K
Published: May 2020

Culture is an important aspect of human civilization. Preserving and giving value to the cultural heritage of a region can pave the way for local as well as regional development. This includes tangible, intangible and the natural heritage of cities. It is necessary to develop a cultural infrastructure plan along with other aspects such as transportation, built, green and grey in frastructure. Cultural infrastructure refers to places where culture is experienced, participated in or showcased in. This includes the existing cultural heritage of a place as well as the planning of spaces for cultural stimulation and involvement. With the advent of fourth industrial revolution smart cities are gradually becoming the way of life across the world. The Smart City uses Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Internet of Things (IoT) to effectively manage transportation, water services, waste disposal, energy and other community services. In this scenario it becomes imperative to have strategic infrastructure planning. Indian Government has recently launched the Smart City Mission in India and several smart city projects are underway across the country. It becomes necessar y in this context that Indian cities with their rich tradition and cultural heritage do not lose their unique identity in this process of transformation into smart cities. Even as smart city projects stress the need for heritage preservation there is a lot of ambiguity in how they can be integrated and used to advance urban intelligence. The technologies of the smart city have considerable potential to be used for the management and enhancement its cultural heritage and can help in the creation of a cultural infrastructure plan. This paper will examine the significance of cultural infrastructure in future cities and how it can be integrated into the city planning process of Indian cities through the study of relevant case studies from around the world.