bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN GRAPH DATABASE UNTUK SISTEM REKOMENDASI KOLEKSI PERPUSTAKAAN DI ERA BIG DATA
Authors: Efendi Ahmad Fiqi , Setiadi Tedy
Published: August 2023

The library in its development utilizes information systems to provide easy access to collections by providing digital libraries. Digital libraries really need database support that is suitable to handle the needs of fast and accurate data access in digital storage space. Currently in the application of digital libraries in Higher Education still using traditional databases namely relational databases. The disadvantages of this database system are that the data is stored in a structured manner so that the difficulty when dealing with changes in data structure is due to the development of volume and data variations. Another disadvantage is that it is difficult to handle varied data relationships that arise between collections and users so that requiring complicated join operations results in slow database operations. In this paper, we will explain the application of graph database as a solution offered for problems that occur in digital libraries. In this study interviews and observations were used to collect data and determine input, process and output needs. Implementation is done by designing a database graph that fits the needs of the library, then executes the query in accordance with the design. In library information systems, the relationship that exists between collection data and user data is very necessary. Graph data base is the right alternative to describe relationships (networks) that occur between collections and users. By utilizing the relationships that are intertwined between the data, the library collection recommendation system can be explained based on these relationships.
PERBANDINGAN PEMETAAN PENGETAHUAN PENELITIAN NUTRISI INDONESIA DENGAN THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION TERINDEKS SCOPUS PENDEKATAN BIBLIOMETRIK DAN SCIENTOMETRICS
Authors: Ibrahim Cecep
Published: August 2023

Scientometrics closely related to bibliometrics, which is basically the science used to calculate or map research so that it becomes knowledge information. Social Network Analysis (SNA) is a method or strategy for investigating social structures through the use of network theory and graph theory. The aim of this research is comparison mapping of nutrition research knowledge in Indonesia, indexed by Scopus by mapping nutrition research knowledge The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (AJCN) indexed by Scopus in 2014-2018 with bibliometrics approach and Scientometrics.The research method used a systematic literature review approach consisting of problem identification, data collection, data selection, data synthesis and data analysis. The results of this study indicate that visualization of knowledge mapping of international publications of Indonesian scientific works in the field of nutrition indexed by Scopus with the AJCN 2014-2018 indexed by Scopus using the VOS viewer shows that in Indonesian research, the most researched subjects were Nutrition, Malnutrition, Children. Meanwhile, the AJCN is Obesity, Diet and Nutrition.
WHATSAPP GROUP SEBAGAI LAYANAN REFERENSI ONLINE: STUDI KASUS PADA ALUMNI DEPARTEMEN ILMU KESEHATAN ANAK FK-KMK UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Mustar Maniso , Nashihuddin Wahid
Published: August 2023

The recent use of the WhatsApp application seems to be a lifestyle. At first glance this application has almost no meaning because its use has become commonplace and evenly distributed in all circles of society. The function of this application as if only as an ordinary communication tool. WhatsApp Group is mostly interpreted as a forum for gossip that is far from being useful. The purpose of this study is to: (1) inform the platform of the IKA FK-KMK Alumni Group WhatsApp service; and (2) know the urgency of applying WhatsApp services in the Library, WhatsApp Group Alumni services, WhatsApp Group Alumni Service mechanism, and respondents' responses to IKA FK-KMK UGM WhatsApp Group services. The data type of this study is qualitative-quantitative, with data sources resulting from discussions through WhatsApp Group, document studies, and questionnaires. The research respondents were 140 people with professions as pediatricians who worked spread across various regions in Indonesia. The results of this study show that: (1) the WhatsApp Alumni Group services can improve the effectiveness of library services, support the e-learning system in the library, and become a means of bibliotherapy for users; (2) from 140 respondents, there were 114respondents who responded to the research questionnaire, they stated that the WhatsApp Alumni Group IKA FK-KMK UGM service was importanly needed by alumni. This WhatsApp service is expected to facilitate alumni in getting the latest and affordable digital reference resources, so they can support the research activities and work effectiveness of alumni in outside of Java insland areas and outermost areas in Indonesia.
TRANSFORMASI PERPUSTAKAAN: MELIHAT PERPUSTAKAAN DARI MASA KE MASA
Authors: Maslahah Khoirul , Mahardika Mei Candra
Published: August 2023

Perpustakaan mulai ada sejak manusia mengenal budaya baca dan tulis. Perkembangan perpustakaan dibagi menjadi tiga periodisasi yaitu perpustakaan pada masa lalu, masa sekarang dan hari esok. Konsep perpustakaan masa lalu adalah tempat mengumpulkan buku dan masih menggunakan cara manual untuk layannya. Perpustakaan saat ini adalah perpustakaan yang menggunakan teknologi komputer untuk kegiatannya dan user oriented. Perpustakaan masa depan adalah perpustakaan yang dapat diakses dari mana saja tanpa ada batas ruang dan waktu.
PSIKOLOGI LAYANAN PEMUSTAKA: PERILAKU MAHASISWA DALAM MENGHINDARI PLAGIARISME
Authors: Latif Nur Hasyim Latif
Published: August 2023

College library as service providers in serving users of course with professional and competent services. Librarian is one aspect that is in direct contact with the visitors. Through excellent service, one of which is a plagiarism check, librarians assist users about the use of correct information as a reference for the final project. This study aims to determine the behavior of UMY students in avoiding acts of plagiarism in higher education. The author's approach is a qualitative study of literature and case studies in the field. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis. The results showed that the behavior of students in avoiding plagiarism in higher education could be done through library services and librarians as accompanying parties. The service is information literacy. This category of students is divided into 2: students who follow the flow of information literacy and those who do not follow the flow of information literacy. However, higher education libraries need to continue to develop information literacy materials to improve the human resources of the relevant academic community. In the end, it all aims to support the Tri Dharma of Higher Education in Indonesia
PEMANFAATAN INSTAGRAM SEBAGAI MEDIA LITERASI DIGITAL PERPUSTAKAAN SEKOLAH DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 STUDI KASUS INSTAGRAM PERPUSTAKAAN SMKN 32 JAKARTA
Authors: Parangu Reza Nawafella Alya , Amaliah Eni
Published: August 2023

The phenomenon of the use of social media has increased in this decade where Generation Y and Z are the biggest social media users today. One of the most popular social media in Indonesia is Instagram, which in 2021 will be ranked fourth as the most popular social media. The popularity of Instagram provides an opportunity for libraries and librarians to innovate by utilizing Instagram as a digital literacy medium. Digital literacy is very important in the 21st century considering that science and technology are developing so rapidly. Especially during the covid-19 pandemic that has hit Indonesia for almost 2 years, it is necessary to reduce extreme interactions that force schools to implement e-learning, resulting in temporary school libraries not being able to be visited by students, this is a strong reason for libraries to advance digital literacy in the school environment. The purpose of this research is to find out: 1). Utilization of Instagram as a library digital literacy media and 2). The effectiveness of Instagram as a library digital literacy media. The method used in this research is the analysis of the research object and literature review. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study are: 1). Utilization of Instagram as a library digital literacy media through posting content reviewing collections of books from the library, reviewing some important words and its meaning and as a medium for disseminating information on activities in the school library; 2). The Instagram of the school library at SMKN 32 Jakarta is considered effective as a digital literacy media for students at SMKN 32 Jakarta, seen from the enthusiasm of the students in responding to any published content.
Energi Angin Sebagai Sumber Daya Listrik Data Recovery Center
Authors: Stepanus Stepanus , Iskandar Zulkarnaen  , Arya Mirza  , Mugni Fendy Eventius
Published: August 2023

Untuk mengurangi ketergantungan yang sangat besar terhadap energi fosil yang mulai habis, perlu pemanfaatan energi terbarukan yang berasal dari sumber lain yang bukan berasal dari fosil. Salah satu energi bukan fosil yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah energi angin yang bisa diubah menjadi energi listrik. Dalam tulisan ini energi listrik tersebut digunakan sebagai sumber daya listrik bagi data recovery center (DRC). DRC ini adalah tempat penyimpanan data cadangan dari Data Center, yang merupakan pusat penyimpanan data dengan server yang beroperasi 24 jam sehari, tujuh hari seminggu dan harus berada dalam kondisi lingkungan yang terkendali, hal tersebut menjadikan Data Center dan DRC sebagai salah satu pengguna listrik terbesar di dunia. DRC merupakan tuntutan dari kemajuan teknologi informatika yang menuntut tersedianya penyimpanan data yang besar dan aman, dimana syarat utama DRC adalah letaknya sebaiknya cukup  jauh dari ibukota/kota besar sehingga fungsinya sebagai pusat cadangan data terpenuhi sewaktu Data Center terkait mengalami bencana (banjir, gempa bumi, dll)  serta diperlukannya tenaga listrik yang stabil untuk menjaga data yang disimpan tetap aman. Dalam tulisan ini akan dibahas potensi energi angin yang bisa diubah menjadi energi listrik dan digunakan  sebagai sumber daya listrik Data Recovery Center (DRC) di wilayah Pandeglang, Jawa Barat. Adapun penelitian yang dilakukan adalah melalui studi pustaka, informasi teknis turbin dan informasi teknis mengenai kecepatan angin di Indonesia yang didapat dari jaringan internet.
RANCANG BANGUN PROTOTYPE TURBIN ANGIN GUNA MENENTUKAN PERBANDINGAN EFISIENSI YANG DIHASILKAN DARI JUMLAH BLADE 8 DAN JUMLAH BLADE 4
Authors: Hasibuan Sirdo , Susilo  , Widodo Bambang , Purba Robinson
Published: August 2023

Dalam penelitian ini dirancang satu turbin dengan mengamati perbandingan jumlah sudu pada turbin terhadap ujuk kerja turbin seperti; daya dan efisiensi. Turbin terdiri dari blade dengan bentuk setengah silinder dengan luas penampang A = 0,246176 m2. Turbin angin ini didesain dengan diameter putar 170 cm dan perbandingan transmisi pada turbin dan generator yaitu 4:1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbandingan jumlah sudu 8 dan 4,  peforma terbaik dihasilkan oleh turbin angin jumlah sudu 8 dengan peningkatan 1,5 kali dibandingkan jumlah sudu 4. Kincir angin savonius dengan jumlah sudu 4 menghasilkan efisiensi paling tinggi sebesar 5% dan kincir angin savonius dengan jumlah sudu 8 menghasilkan efisiensi paling tinggi sebesar 10%. Pada kincir Angin Savonius sudu 4 tidak dapat berputar pada kecepatan angin rendah, hanya mampu berputar pada kecepatan angin angin ÷4 m/s . Hal ini diakibatkan karena celah antar sudu yang lebar, sehingga besarnya upwind dan downwind pada kincir sudu 4 sama besarnya. Daya Mekanik tertinggi Turbin angin savonius 8 sudu adalah 162, 85 watt dengan kecepatan angin 5,13 m/s pada percobaan tanpa beban dan daya mekanik terendah turbin angin savonius terjadi pada 4 bilah dengan beban sebesar 30,80 watt dengan kecepatan angin 3,71 m/s
PETA JALAN PENDIDIKAN REKAYASA ENERGI BAGI INDONESIA -- SEBUAH PROPOSAL
Authors: Lisapaly Leonard , Pangaribuan Togar Harapan , Soebagio Atmonobudi
Published: August 2023

Indonesia has ratified 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) recommended by the United Nations to all countries. The development itself cannot be carried out without the availability of electricity and fuel.  Unfortunately, most of the electricity and transportation depend on fossil fuels, which will run out in the next 30 years. Besides its diminishing reserves, fossil fuels are the largest contributor to CO2 emissions in the world. To develop electricity from renewable energy, Indonesia needs to prepare its experts and operators through mid and high education to carry out research, operations and future development. This paper offers a road map for higher education and its direction of research and development in the field of renewable energy engineering.
PENGUKURAN TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION (THD) TERHADAP LAMPU HEMAT ENERGI (LHE) DAN LIGHT-EMITTING DIODE (LED)
Authors: Siahaan Fernando Jeremia , Silalahi Eva Magdalena , Widodo Bambang , Purba Robinson
Published: August 2023

Abstract.

Along with the rapid development of power electronics technology which is also useful for saving electrical energy. This technology is also used in lighting such as energy saving lamps (LHE) and light-emitting diode (LED). However, LHE and LED are non-linear loads that cause electrical power quality problems, namely producing voltage and current waveforms that are no longer sinusoidal or distorted waveforms. Distorted waves cause harmonic waves which have a frequency multiple of the fundamental frequency. The sum of the effective values of the harmonic components of the distorted waveform is calculated in terms of total harmonic distortion (THD). This study found that the THD value of the voltage generated by the LHE and LED loads was equal is 0.80% -1.3%, while the current THD generated by the LHE load was 68.57% - 78.68% and the LED was 72, 15% - 86.04%. The current THD value generated by the LHE and LED loads does not fulfil the IEEE Std 519-2014 harmornic distortion limits. The use of LHE and LED lamps simultaneously will reduce the resulting current THD value by 3% to 9%.
Sex Related Differences in Electrocardiography
Authors: Kittnar O
Published: August 2023

Since its implementation into the clinical medicine by Willem Einthoven electrocardiography had become one of crucial diagnostic method in cardiology. In spite of this fact effects of gender differences on parameters of electrocardiographic recordings started to be studied only recently. Sex related differences in physiological ECG are only minimal in childhood but there are developing during adolescence reflecting rapidly evolving differences particularly in hormonal secretion and activity of an autonomic nervous system. The heart rate is approximately 7 % higher in women than in men, PQ and QRS intervals are longer in men while QT interval is longer in women. The ST segment in females is flatter but generally the sex-related differences in ST-T waveform patterns are relatively very small with higher level of ST segment and taller T wave in men. The effects of sex-related differences, including sex hormones, on cardiac cell injury and death and their influence in determining rhythmogenesis and action potential configuration and conduction play an important role in clinics. Women have a higher prevalence of sick sinus syndrome, inappropriate sinus tachycardia, atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia, idiopathic right ventricular tachycardia, and arrhythmic events in the long QT syndrome. In contrast, men have a higher prevalence of atrioventricular block, carotid sinus syndrome, atrial fibrillation, supraventricular tachycardia due to accessory pathways, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, reentrant ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation and sudden death, and the Brugada syndrome.
Prenatal transportation stress does not impact resting skeletal muscle mitochondrial function or antioxidant activity in Brahman calves
Authors: Wesolowski Lauren T. , Guy Chloey P. , Long Charles R. , Randel Ronald D. , Riley David G. , Welsh Thomas H. , White-Springer Sarah H.
Published: August 2023

In cattle, prenatal transportation stress has been associated with differential methylation of genes related to metabolism, but the effects of prenatal transportation stress on skeletal muscle mitochondria and oxidative stress have not been investigated. We tested the hypothesis that prenatally stressed calves would exhibit increased skeletal muscle mitochondrial function resulting in greater oxidative stress than calves from non-stressed dams. Serum and longissimus thoracis muscle samples were collected from yearling Brahman calves whose mothers were stressed by transportation at five time points during gestation [i.e., prenatally stressed (PNS); eight bulls and six heifers] and control calves (CON; four bulls and six heifers). Serum was evaluated for concentration of the stress hormone, cortisol and for a marker of muscle perturbation, creatine kinase activity. Muscle samples were analyzed for concentration of a by-product of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde, and activity of the antioxidants, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Additionally, muscle mitochondrial volume density and function were estimated by citrate synthase and cytochrome c oxidase activities, respectively. Data were analyzed using mixed linear models with sex, treatment, and the sex × treatment interaction as fixed effects. No investigated variable differed between CON and PNS calves (p ≥ 0.3). These data suggest that prenatal transportation stress does not have an impact on skeletal muscle mitochondrial metabolism or markers of stress or muscle damage in Brahman yearling calves at rest. However, previously reported negative impacts of prenatal stress on inflammatory responses suggest that PNS calves may be differentially equipped to handle an acute stressor. Future research should investigate the energetic and inflammatory implications of acute stressors in animals subjected to prenatal stress.
Diversity and novelty in environmental enrichment increases enrichment use in juvenile American mink (Neogale vison)
Authors: Clark Gabrielle B. , Díez-León María , Meagher Rebecca K.
Published: August 2023

It is standard practice on mink farms in Canada to provide one manipulable environmental enrichment (EE) in each cage to benefit animal health and welfare, and once an enrichment is introduced, it must remain in the cage for the duration of that animal’s life. However, mink might habituate to permanently present enrichments, which reduces interaction with these items over time. In this study, juvenile mink were provided with multiple EEs (mobile and hanging items) that were regularly exchanged to maintain novelty in addition to a standard, permanently present EE (enriched kits; EK). EE use over time, as well as interactions based on EE type, were compared to that of two groups which were standard-housed as juveniles (control; C and enriched at whelping; EW) with access to a permanently available standard enrichment. EK housing was found to significantly increase kits’ EE use compared to standard housing (p< 0.001). Despite some evidence of rapid habituation to novel objects (e.g., decreased use of hanging rope EE in second week of access: p = 0.019), item exchange appeared to have a sustaining effect on exploration of all EEs in the cage, including familiar objects. Thus, it may be beneficial to provide farmed mink with multiple EEs, both novel and familiar, to promote their optimal use and facilitate welfare benefits. Objects with greater manipulability or malleability were also used more by kits than those with fewer possible uses (e.g., pig’s ear versus other, less malleable mobile EEs: p< 0.001; rope versus less malleable hanging EE: p< 0.001). Although this effect was persistent across all periods of observation, it is possible that kit age at time of object introduction or differences in novelty may have contributed to these differences in their use. Further research is required to determine kits’ preference for different EE types when all items are equivalently novel, and when differences in developmental stage are fully accounted for.
A novel 3D biofabrication strategy to improve cell proliferation and differentiation of human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stromal cells for cell therapy and tissue engineering
Authors: Blanco-Elices Cristina , Oruezabal Roke Iñaki , Sánchez-Porras David , Chato-Astrain Jesús , Campos Fernando , Alaminos Miguel , Garzón Ingrid , Campos Antonio
Published: August 2023

Purpose: Obtaining sufficient numbers of cells in a short time is a major goal of cell culturing in cell therapy and tissue engineering. However, current bidimensional (2D) culture methods are associated to several limitations, including low efficiency and the loss of key cell differentiation markers on cultured cells.

Methods: In the present work, we have designed a novel biofabrication method based on a three-dimensional (3D) culture system (FIBRIAGAR-3D). Human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stromal cells (HWJSC) were cultured in 3D using 100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% concentrations of fibrin-agarose biomaterials (FA100, FA75, FA50 and FA25 group) and compared with control cells cultured using classical 2D systems (CTR-2D).

Results: Our results showed a significant increase in the number of cells generated after 7 days of culture, with cells displaying numerous expansions towards the biomaterial, and a significant overexpression of the cell proliferation marker KI67 was found for the FA75 and FA100 groups. TUNEL and qRT-PCR analyses demonstrated that the use of FIBRIAGAR-3D was not associated with an induction of apoptosis by cultured cells. Instead, the 3D system retained the expression of typical phenotypic markers of HWJSC, including CD73, CD90, CD105, NANOG and OCT4, and biosynthesis markers such as types-I and IV collagens, with significant increase of some of these markers, especially in the FA100 group. Finally, our analysis of 8 cell signaling molecules revealed a significant decrease of GM-CSF, IFN-g, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL8, and TNFα, suggesting that the 3D culture system did not induce the expression of pro-inflammatory molecules.

Conclusion: These results confirm the usefulness of FIBRIAGAR-3D culture systems to increase cell proliferation without altering cell phenotype of immunogenicity and opens the door to the possibility of using this novel biofabrication method in cell therapy and tissue engineering of the human cornea, oral mucosa, skin, urethra, among other structures.
Four-layer folding framework: design, GAP synthesis, and aggregation-induced emission
Authors: Zhang Sai , Chen Daixiang , Wang Jia-Yin , Yan Shenghu , Li Guigen
Published: August 2023

The design and synthesis of a type of [1 + 4 + 2] four-layer framework have been conducted by taking advantage of Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling and group-assisted purification (GAP) chemistry. The optimized coupling of double-layer diboronic esters with 1-bromo-naphth-2-yl phosphine oxides resulted in a series of multilayer folding targets, showing a broad scope of substrates and moderate to excellent yields. The final products were purified using group-assisted purification chemistry/technology, achieved simply by washing crude products with 95% EtOH without the use of chromatography and recrystallization. The structures were fully characterized and assigned by performing X-ray crystallographic analysis. UV–vis absorption, photoluminescence (PL), and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) were studied for the resulting multilayer folding products.
Gut microbiota and eye diseases: a bibliometric study and visualization analysis
Authors: Fu Xiangyu , Tan Haishan , Huang Ling , Chen Wenyue , Ren Xiang , Chen Danian
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Recently the role of gut microbial dysbiosis in many ocular disorders, including but not limited to uveitis, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), dry eye, keratitis and orbitopathy is a hot research topic in the field. Targeting gut microbiota to treat these diseases has become an unstoppable trend. Bibliometric study and visualization analysis have become essential methods for literature analysis in the medical research field. We aim to depict this area's research hotspots and future directions by bibliometric software and methods.

Methods

We search all the related publications from the Web of Science Core Collection. Then, CiteSpace was applied to analyze and visualize the country distributions, dual-map overlay of journals, keyword bursts, and co-cited references. VOSviewer was employed to identify authors, co-cited authors, journals and co-cited journals and display the keyword co-occurrence networks.

Results

A total of 284 relevant publications were identified from 2009 to 2023. The number of studies has been small in the first five years and has grown steadily since 2016. These studies were completed by 1,376 authors from 41 countries worldwide, with the United States in the lead. Lin P has published the most papers while Horai R is the most co-cited author. The top journal and co-cited journal are both Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. In the keyword co-occurrence network, except gut microbiota, inflammation becomes the keyword with the highest frequency. Co-citation analyses reveal that gut dysbiosis is involved in common immune- and inflammation-mediated eye diseases, including uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, dry eye, and Graves' orbitopathy, and the study of microbiomes is no longer limited to the bacterial populations. Therapeutic strategies that target the gut microbiota, such as probiotics, healthy diet patterns, and fecal microbial transplantation, are effective and critical to future research.

Conclusions

In conclusion, the bibliometric analysis displays the research hotspots and developmental directions of the involvement of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of some ocular diseases. It provides an overview of this field's dynamic evolution and structural relationships.
Proliferation of atmospheric datasets can hinder policy making: a data blending technique offers a solution
Authors: Steptoe Hamish , Economou Theo
Published: August 2023

The proliferation of atmospheric datasets is a key outcome from the continued development and advancement of our collective scientific understanding. Yet often datasets describing ostensibly identical processes or atmospheric variables provide widely varying results. As an example, we analyze several datasets representing rainfall over Nepal. We show that estimates of extreme rainfall are highly variable depending on which dataset you choose to look at. This leads to confusion and inaction from policy-focused decision makers. Scientifically, we should use datasets that sample a range of creation methodologies and prioritize the use of data science techniques that have the flexibility to incorporate these multiple sources of data. We demonstrate the use of a statistically interpretable data blending technique to help discern and communicate a consensus result, rather than imposing a priori judgment on the choice of dataset, for the benefit of policy decision making.
Children first: women’s perspectives on evacuation at Fuego volcano and implications for disaster risk reduction
Authors: Bartel Beth A. , Naismith Ailsa K.
Published: August 2023

As major drivers of behavior during crisis, cultural norms influence how disasters differentially affect people of different genders. Cultural gender norms also impact how authorities and at-risk populations approach disaster risk reduction strategies. At Fuego volcano, Guatemala, we applied qualitative methods to investigate women’s experiences of the evacuation process after a paroxysmal eruption on 7–8 March 2022. While participants’ experiences and decisions varied, we identified how gender influences evacuation dynamics within communities at Fuego volcano, including who evacuates and who decides at the community and household levels. We find that communities prioritized women for evacuation with the children and elderly in their care, yet prioritized men in the evacuation decision-making; that despite this hierarchy, a woman may override a male partner’s decision in order to prioritize the safety and well-being of her children; and that even if she overcomes social barriers to leaving, she may be unable to evacuate in a timely manner because of lack of transportation—a barrier impacting all residents, but especially women since they are the ones leading their households in evacuation. This gendered evacuation strategy disproportionately leaves men exposed to the threat, since most do not evacuate, and places the burden of evacuation on the women, who leave their homes and likely face the challenges of evacuation with multiple children in their care. This study contributes an example of how gendered norms impact disaster risk reduction strategy at an active volcano and how understanding gendered experiences of evacuation can inform future disaster risk reduction efforts.
Transcriptomic analyses of ovarian clear-cell carcinoma with concurrent endometriosis
Authors: Collins Kaitlyn E. , Wang Xiyin , Klymenko Yuliya , Davis Noah B. , Martinez Maria C. , Zhang Chi , So Kaman , Buechlein Aaron , Rusch Douglas B. , Creighton Chad J. , Hawkins Shannon M.
Published: August 2023

Introduction

Endometriosis, a benign inflammatory disease whereby endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus, is a risk factor for endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers. In particular, ovarian endometriomas, cystic lesions of deeply invasive endometriosis, are considered the precursor lesion for ovarian clear-cell carcinoma (OCCC).

Methods

To explore this transcriptomic landscape, OCCC from women with pathology-proven concurrent endometriosis (n = 4) were compared to benign endometriomas (n = 4) by bulk RNA and small-RNA sequencing.

Results

Analysis of protein-coding genes identified 2449 upregulated and 3131 downregulated protein-coding genes (DESeq2, P< 0.05, log2 fold-change > |1|) in OCCC with concurrent endometriosis compared to endometriomas. Gene set enrichment analysis showed upregulation of pathways involved in cell cycle regulation and DNA replication and downregulation of pathways involved in cytokine receptor signaling and matrisome. Comparison of pathway activation scores between the clinical samples and publicly-available datasets for OCCC cell lines revealed significant molecular similarities between OCCC with concurrent endometriosis and OVTOKO, OVISE, RMG1, OVMANA, TOV21G, IGROV1, and JHOC5 cell lines. Analysis of miRNAs revealed 64 upregulated and 61 downregulated mature miRNA molecules (DESeq2, P< 0.05, log2 fold-change > |1|). MiR-10a-5p represented over 21% of the miRNA molecules in OCCC with endometriosis and was significantly upregulated (NGS: log2fold change = 4.37, P = 2.43e-18; QPCR: 8.1-fold change, P< 0.05). Correlation between miR-10a expression level in OCCC cell lines and IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) of carboplatin in vitro revealed a positive correlation (R2 = 0.93). MiR-10a overexpression in vitro resulted in a significant decrease in proliferation (n = 6; P< 0.05) compared to transfection with a non-targeting control miRNA. Similarly, the cell-cycle analysis revealed a significant shift in cells from S and G2 to G1 (n = 6; P< 0.0001). Bioinformatic analysis predicted that miR-10a-5p target genes that were downregulated in OCCC with endometriosis were involved in receptor signaling pathways, proliferation, and cell cycle progression. MiR-10a overexpression in vitro was correlated with decreased expression of predicted miR-10a target genes critical for proliferation, cell-cycle regulation, and cell survival including [SERPINE1 (3-fold downregulated; P< 0.05), CDK6 (2.4-fold downregulated; P< 0.05), and RAP2A (2-3-fold downregulated; P< 0.05)].

Discussion

These studies in OCCC suggest that miR-10a-5p is an impactful, potentially oncogenic molecule, which warrants further studies.
Alzheimer’s disease and its associated risk of bone fractures: a narrative review
Authors: Zhou Bing-Na , Zhang Qian , Li Mei
Published: August 2023

Background

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is the major cause of dementia in the aged population. Recent researches indicate that patients with AD have a significantly increased fracture risk, but the pathological mechanisms are still unclear.

Objective

We systematically reviewed studies regarding bone fracture risk in AD to uncover links between the pathologies of osteoporosis and AD.

Methods

We searched the literature using the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library. Studies were included if they evaluated bone fracture risk in AD patients and if they explored the pathogenesis and prevention of bone fractures in these patients.

Results

AD patients had a significantly higher risk of bone fractures than age-matched controls. Multiple factors contributed to the increased risk of bone fractures in AD patients, including the direct effects of amyloid pathology on bone cells, abnormal brain-bone interconnection, Wnt/β-catenin signalling deficits, reduced activity, high risk of falls and frailty, and chronic immune activity. Exercise, prevention of falls and fortified nutrition were beneficial for reducing the fracture risk in AD patients. However, the efficacy of anti-osteoporotic agents in preventing bone fractures should be further evaluated in AD patients as corresponding clinical studies are very scarce.

Conclusion

Alzheimer’s disease patients have increased bone fracture risk and decreased bone mineral density owing to multiple factors. Assessment of anti-osteoporotic agents’ efficacy in preventing bone fractures of AD patients is urgently needed.
A game strategy for demand response based on load monitoring in smart grid
Authors: Cui Feifei , An Dou , Zhang Gongyan
Published: August 2023

Demand response technologies can achieve the objective of optimizing resource allocation and ensuring efficient operation of the smart grid by motivating the energy users to change their power usage behavior. However, the increasing uncertainty of smart grid environment brings great challenges to the development of demand response technique. In this study, we build a long short-term memory (LSTM) network as a load forecasting model to predict user load data in order to obtain accurate consumption behavior of energy users. Then, we utilize a Stackelberg game model based on the load forecasting model to dynamically optimize the electricity prices set by power suppliers at different times, enhancing the efficiency of demand response between users and suppliers. Extensive simulation experiments demonstrate that the LSTM-based load forecasting model achieves an accuracy of up to 96.37% in predicting user load demand. And the game model reduces the overall expenditure of users by 30% compared with the general pricing model.
Persisting effects of seed bed preparation and early grazing on plant communities in grassland restoration
Authors: Durbecq Aure , Jaunatre Renaud , Buisson Elise , Favale Cassandra , Maudieu Nolwenn , Bischoff Armin
Published: August 2023

Semi-natural mountain grasslands are species-rich and provide a wide range of ecosystem services, such as biomass production for livestock grazing and carbon sequestration. Land abandonment but also habitat destruction are threatening these ecosystems highlighting the need for restoration when degraded. The transfer of plant material containing seed collected at non-degraded reference sites is increasingly used for restoration but the appropriate methods to prepare the transfer and to manage the grassland afterwards are still under debates. This study aims at testing the effects of seed bed preparation by harrowing and livestock grazing on the establishment of transferred targets and community trajectories towards the reference system. In a previous study, first year seedling counts showed a positive effect of seed bed preparation and a marginally significant negative effect of grazing on the seedling recruitment of the transferred species. We asked whether the results on first year seedling densities translate into significant effects on plant cover and whether these effects on plant cover change in the following three years. Both grazing and harrowing effects on species establishment were tested using a full factorial split-plot experimental design on five replicate sites. Data on species richness and vegetation cover for both the whole plant community and the transferred species were analysed during four years after seed transfer. The cover of transferred species increased whereas their species richness remained unchanged. We found a weak positive effect of harrowing on total cover whereas grazing had no effect. Seed bed preparation by harrowing had a clear positive effect on transferred target species cover. The negative effect of grazing on first-year seedling recruitment of transferred target species turned into a positive effect in the fourth year. However, this effect was only apparent in the harrowed plots resulting in a significant grazing-by-harrowing interaction. The similarity of the plant communities to the reference increased from the first to the fourth year and this increase was stronger in grazed and harrowed plots. In conclusion, the results confirmed the positive effect of seed bed preparation on restoration by seed transfer and demonstrated that initial grazing exclusion is not needed in mountain grasslands of our study area.
Nearshore subtidal community response during and after sediment disturbance associated with dam removal
Authors: Rubin Stephen P. , Foley Melissa M. , Miller Ian M. , Stevens Andrew W. , Warrick Jonathan A. , Berry Helen D. , Elder Nancy E. , Beirne Matthew M. , Gelfenbaum Guy
Published: August 2023

Dam removal is used increasingly to restore aquatic ecosystems and remove unnecessary or high-risk infrastructure. As the number of removals increases, there is a growing understanding about the hydrologic, geomorphic, and ecological responses to these removals. Most dam removal studies, however, focus on river and watershed responses to dam removal. The removal of two dams on the Elwha River provided a unique opportunity to characterize the response of nearshore (coastal) ecosystems. We conducted SCUBA surveys between 2011 and 2022 to quantify trajectories of change in a nearshore ecosystem during and after dam removal. We focused on the degree to which the abundances of kelp, benthic invertebrates, and fish changed in response to patterns of sediment fluxes during and after dam removal. Our findings point to two pathways of response depending on the disturbance mechanism and species type. Sites with persistent sediment deposition were characterized by wholesale community changes that did not recover to a before dam removal condition. Instead, the sites were colonized by new species that were largely absent prior to dam removal. Sites that experienced high turbidity but lacked persistent seafloor deposition were primarily characterized by a reduction in the abundance of kelp and other algae during dam removal and a rapid recovery after sediment flux to the nearshore declined. Dam removal influences on invertebrates and fish at these sites were more variable, benefiting some species and disadvantaging others. In addition to dam removal, sea star wasting syndrome and a marine heatwave exerted distinct controls on subtidal communities during the same period. The loss of the predatory sea star Pycnopodia helianthoides was associated with gains in some of its prey species, and kelp community changes reflected regional trends in ocean temperature and kelp abundance. The results presented here have important implications for understanding the response of marine ecosystems to future dam removals and similar sediment perturbation events.
Systematic establishment and verification of an epithelial-mesenchymal transition gene signature for predicting prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ai Jun , Tan Yaqin , Liu Bo , Song Yuhong , Wang Yanqin , Xia Xin , Fu Qicheng
Published: August 2023

Objective: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is linked to an unfavorable prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Here, we aimed to develop an EMT gene signature for OSCC prognosis.

Methods: In TCGA dataset, prognosis-related EMT genes with p < 0.05 were screened in OSCC. An EMT gene signature was then conducted with LASSO method. The efficacy of this signature in predicting prognosis was externally verified in the GSE41613 dataset. Correlations between this signature and stromal/immune scores and immune cell infiltration were assessed by ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms. GSEA was applied for exploring significant signaling pathways activated in high- and low-risk phenotypes. Expression of each gene was validated in 40 paired OSCC and normal tissues via RT-qPCR.

Results: A prognostic 9-EMT gene signature was constructed in OSCC. High risk score predicted poorer clinical outcomes than low risk score. ROCs confirmed the well performance on predicting 1-, 3- and 5-year survival. Multivariate cox analysis revealed that this signature was independently predictive of OSCC prognosis. The well predictive efficacy was validated in the GSE41613 dataset. Furthermore, this signature was distinctly related to stromal/immune scores and immune cell infiltration in OSCC. Distinct pathways were activated in two subgroups. After validation, AREG, COL5A3, DKK1, GAS1, GPX7 and PLOD2 were distinctly upregulated and SFRP1 was downregulated in OSCC than normal tissues.

Conclusion: Our data identified and verified a robust EMT gene signature in OSCC, which provided a novel clinical tool for predicting prognosis and several targets against OSCC therapy.
Unraveling patient heterogeneity in complex diseases through individualized co-expression networks: a perspective
Authors: Latapiat Verónica , Saez Mauricio , Pedroso Inti , Martin Alberto J. M.
Published: August 2023

This perspective highlights the potential of individualized networks as a novel strategy for studying complex diseases through patient stratification, enabling advancements in precision medicine. We emphasize the impact of interpatient heterogeneity resulting from genetic and environmental factors and discuss how individualized networks improve our ability to develop treatments and enhance diagnostics. Integrating system biology, combining multimodal information such as genomic and clinical data has reached a tipping point, allowing the inference of biological networks at a single-individual resolution. This approach generates a specific biological network per sample, representing the individual from which the sample originated. The availability of individualized networks enables applications in personalized medicine, such as identifying malfunctions and selecting tailored treatments. In essence, reliable, individualized networks can expedite research progress in understanding drug response variability by modeling heterogeneity among individuals and enabling the personalized selection of pharmacological targets for treatment. Therefore, developing diverse and cost-effective approaches for generating these networks is crucial for widespread application in clinical services.
Pangenome graphs in infectious disease: a comprehensive genetic variation analysis of Neisseria meningitidis leveraging Oxford Nanopore long reads
Authors: Yang Zuyu , Guarracino Andrea , Biggs Patrick J. , Black Michael A. , Ismail Nuzla , Wold Jana Renee , Merriman Tony R. , Prins Pjotr , Garrison Erik , de Ligt Joep
Published: August 2023

Whole genome sequencing has revolutionized infectious disease surveillance for tracking and monitoring the spread and evolution of pathogens. However, using a linear reference genome for genomic analyses may introduce biases, especially when studies are conducted on highly variable bacterial genomes of the same species. Pangenome graphs provide an efficient model for representing and analyzing multiple genomes and their variants as a graph structure that includes all types of variations. In this study, we present a practical bioinformatics pipeline that employs the PanGenome Graph Builder and the Variation Graph toolkit to build pangenomes from assembled genomes, align whole genome sequencing data and call variants against a graph reference. The pangenome graph enables the identification of structural variants, rearrangements, and small variants (e.g., single nucleotide polymorphisms and insertions/deletions) simultaneously. We demonstrate that using a pangenome graph, instead of a single linear reference genome, improves mapping rates and variant calling for both simulated and real datasets of the pathogen Neisseria meningitidis. Overall, pangenome graphs offer a promising approach for comparative genomics and comprehensive genetic variation analysis in infectious disease. Moreover, this innovative pipeline, leveraging pangenome graphs, can bridge variant analysis, genome assembly, population genetics, and evolutionary biology, expanding the reach of genomic understanding and applications.
GBP2 promotes M1 macrophage polarization by activating the notch1 signaling pathway in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Li Xiaohui , Liu Jialu , Zeng Mengru , Yang Kexin , Zhang Shumin , Liu Yifei , Yin Xiangxiang , Zhao Chanyue , Wang Wenpeng , Xiao Li
Published: August 2023

Background

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common diabetic complications, which has become the primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) globally. Macrophage infiltration has been proven vital in the occurrence and development of DN. This study was designed to investigate the hub genes involved in macrophage-mediated inflammation of DN via bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.

Methods

Gene microarray datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) public website. Integrating the CIBERSORT, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and DEGs, we screened macrophage M1-associated key genes with the highest intramodular connectivity. Subsequently, the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was utilized to further mine hub genes. GSE104954 acted as an external validation to predict the expression levels and diagnostic performance of these hub genes. The Nephroseq online platform was employed to evaluate the clinical implications of these hub genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were performed to elucidate the dominant biological functions and signal pathways. Finally, we conducted experiments to verify the role of GBP2 in M1 macrophage-mediated inflammatory response and the underlying mechanism of this role.

Results

Sixteen DEGs with the highest connectivity in M1 macrophages-associated module (paleturquoise module) were determined. Subsequently, we identified four hub genes through LASSO regression analysis, including CASP1, MS4A4A, CD53, and GBP2. Consistent with the training set, expression levels of these four hub genes manifested memorably elevated and the ROC curves indicated a good diagnostic accuracy with an area under the curve of greater than 0.8. Clinically, enhanced expression of these four hub genes predicted worse outcomes of DN patients. Given the known correlation between the first three hub genes and macrophage-mediated inflammation, experiments were performed to demonstrate the effect of GBP2, which proved that GBP2 contributed to M1 polarization of macrophages by activating the notch1 signaling pathway.

Conclusion

Our findings detected four hub genes, namely CASP1, MS4A4A, CD53, and GBP2, may involve in the progression of DN via pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage phenotype. GBP2 could be a promising prognostic biomarker and intervention target for DN by regulating M1 polarization.