bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“I Don’t Want to be a Historian! I Just Want to be a History Teacher!” A West Texas Historical Methods Odyssey
Authors: Pearson Byron E. , Brasington Bruce C. , Bowman Timothy P.
Published: May 2020

Undergraduate history majors are often overwhelmed by the discipline’s research and writing expectations. Most history departments require only one or perhaps two courses in historical methods. In response to the alarming erosion of student writing and critical thinking skills brought about by years of standardized tests, the history faculty at West Texas A&M University has created a three-course historical methods sequence to teach students the research, writing, and interpretive skills they need to succeed. In this article, three WTAMU history professors discuss how these courses and their own teaching philosophies have evolved over two decades of teaching history in an increasingly ahistorical world.
Investigating the Effect of Hydrophobic Additives in Moisture Damage Reduction of Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Hamedi Gholam Hossein , Shabani Amir , Safargar Yasaman
Published: May 2020

In order to increase the life of the asphalt mixture and reduce the cost of the pavement life cycle, methods must be provided to improve the quality. Accordingly, the effects of aggregate surface coating with hydrophobic material in order to modify the aggregate mixture’s polar properties and reduce its hydrophilic properties are investigated. To this end, limestone and granite aggregates, 60-70 bitumen, and Two types of additives were used as the primary materials for the construction of asphalt mixtures. Thermodynamic concepts with cyclic loading have been used to evaluate the effects of these additives. The results obtained in this study indicate that the hydrophobic coating on the aggregate surface has increased the acidic components and decreased the alkaline components of the surface free energy for both types of aggregates. These changes will increase the bitumen-aggregate adhesion and make a better coating of bitumen on the aggregate surface. The results based on thermodynamic concepts suggest that the aggregate surface coating has reduced the system’s separation energy and the desire for stripping. The results of the dynamic modulus in wet to dry conditions also approve this outcome. The combination of thermodynamic concepts and the cyclic loading results show that the coating on the aggregate surface has reduced the aggregate’s stripping from bitumen. It is also obvious that the samples made with granite aggregates, which have acidic properties, are prone to moisture damage and have a higher tendency to strip.
工民建工程施工中的质量管理策略研究
Authors: 林 欣
Published: May 2020

文章针对工民建工程施工中的质量管理策略进行分析，对于施工管理中存在的问题，从制度、理念、体系以及人员管理等多方面，提出了合理的解决对策，旨在为相关人员提供理论参考，进一步提升管理工作水平，提高工程施工质量，促进建筑行业可持续发展。
全过程造价咨询服务质量保证措施及方法
Authors: 许 腾
Published: May 2020

全过程造价咨询，是指工程造价咨询机构接受委托，运用工程造价管理的知识和技术，从建设项目前期、实施到竣工结决算各阶段、各环节，承担建设项目的投资估算、概算、最高投标限价、结算、竣工决算等的编制与审核工作，对工程造价全过程进行监督和控制的智力服务。
深基坑支护施工技术在土建基础施工中的应用
Authors: 王 鹏飞
Published: May 2020

科学技术的快速发展，为各个领域的发展壮大创造了良好的基础。在这种形势下，建筑行业内各个施工技术也在不断的发展，深基坑支护技术已经发展成为了土建工程施工中的核心技术，在土建工程施工过程中的运用十分的频繁。但是就深基坑支护施工技术的实际情况来说，并没有达到成熟的状态，其中还存在诸多的问题需要我们进行有效的解决，从而推动深基坑支护施工技术不断优化完善，为建筑行业的稳定健康发展创造良好的基础。
研究绿色施工技术在高层建筑中的应用
Authors: 徐 博阳
Published: May 2020

房屋建筑在人类社会发展的过程中有着重要的作用，是人们生存不可或缺的一项要素，而这就和建筑行业有着非常密切的关系。如今，城市中的高层建筑越来越多，这样的好处对于土地资源的利用率更高，节省了大量的城市用地，建筑的功能也更加完善，为人们提供了更舒适的空间。不过，与此同时，高层建筑也带来了更高的建筑能耗和污染，这亦是一项不容忽视的问题。现如今，节能环保已经成为了社会中的一个热点话题，各行各业的发展都在寻找“绿色化”道路，建筑行业也不例外。所以，只有在高层建筑工程中积极应用绿色施工技术，才能够满足建筑行业的节能环保要求，真正走一条“绿色化”道路。
关于主题度假酒店设计的探讨
Authors: 刘 钊
Published: May 2020

目前，随着旅游业的快速发展，也带动了各地酒店行业的发展，尤其是主题度假酒店，在酒店中充分融入了地域文化特点并可以提高酒店知名度，保证酒店客流量及入住率。主题度假酒店会设置一定的主题，并在酒店建筑中利用特有的空间造型、建筑风格及装修特点构建特定的文化氛围，客人可以得到良好的个性文化体验感，也可以在其中融入相应的服务主体，以此来增加主题酒店入住时的生活乐趣。
论节能施工技术在建筑工程施工中的运用
Authors: 黄 建
Published: May 2020

随着我国经济社会的发展，推动了城镇化水平的进一步提升，人们在城市当中生活和工作，对于城市的建筑的需求也越来越旺盛，所以说城市当中的建筑工程项目的建造数量、建设的规模都在不断的增加，城市建筑的建设给人们带来了更加舒适的生活居住空间，而且也带动了相关行业的繁荣发展，改变了城市的面貌，让城市更加美好。然而，大量的城市建筑工程项目的施工建设也带来了很多现实的问题，一个最明显的问题就是建筑工程项目的建造施工对于生态环境的破坏和自然资源的浪费的问题。当前，随着我国的生态环保理念的不断深入人心，生态建设也成了经济社会发展当中最重要的一方面工作，而在建筑工程行业当中不断的推广节能、绿色、生态、环保的理念，也有助于节能建筑技术的不断应用以及建筑工程行业的可持续发展。这些绿色建筑技术的使用不仅可以减少建筑工程项目施工企业的建设成本，而且也可以满足生态建设的根本要求，更好的满足人民群众健康、绿色的居住环境的需求。
隧道施工安全风险与施工现场管理
Authors: 赵 彬全
Published: May 2020

在当前的社会背景下，我国的经济发展不断提质增效，科学技术取得了长足的进步，社会经济水平显著增强，基础设施建设大规模铺开，特别是道路工程项目的建设也取得了重大进展，四通八达的高速公路工程项目，为人们的生活和上产提供了高速、便捷、安全、舒适的出行保障。而在高速公路工程项目的建设施工的过程中，隧道工程的施工是高速公路工程项建设的一个重要的内容和环节，而隧道工程项目的建设施工的总体质量和施工的安全对我国的道路交通工程的总体建设和交通运输行业的发展有着重大、深远的影响。我们都知道，在高速公路的隧道工程项目的建设施工的过程中，不仅受到了施工技术、机械设备、建筑材料等这些因素的影响，最为基础的，它也受到了工程项目建造施工所在区域的地质地貌环境和气候环境的影响，由于隧道工程项目的建设的特殊情况，它比其他的一些工程项目建设面临着更大的安全风险和挑战。因此，要想确保高速公路的隧道工程项目的建造施工的安全、高效、高质量，工程项目的建造施工企业必须在施工的过程中进行严格、科学、系统、全面的管理和控制，最大限度地避免工程项目施工潜在的安全风险和威胁，并提高隧道工程项目建造施工的水平和质量。
建筑工程项目安全质量管理与控制
Authors: 康 丽霞
Published: May 2020

在最近的几年时间里，我国社会发展十分的迅速，从而带动了国家综合国力的不断提升，在这一形势下，为整个建筑行业的发展带来了曙光。要想从根本上对建筑工工程施工质量加以保证，最为重要的就是要利用有效的方法对建筑工程安全质量管理工作的效率加以提升。首先，结合实际情况全面落实建筑工程项目安全质量管理和控制工作，能够为各项工作的有序开展创造良好的基础，从而推动工程施工效率的提升。其次，增强工程项目安全质量管理工作的力度，可以对工程施工质量管理工作的实施给予协助，更好的为社会发展提供支持。最后，从各个环节入手，保证建筑工程项目安全质量管理工作的效果，可以推动整个建筑行业的稳定健康发展，这样对于社会和谐稳定发展是非常有助益的。
高速公路桥梁高墩施工技术探析
Authors: 王 明亮
Published: May 2020

随着我国交通基础设施建设的快速发展，高速公路的建设逐步从平原丘陵地区过渡到高原山岭地区，地形地貌的多样性为工程建设带来了更多的挑战，桥梁的墩柱越来越高、跨径越来越大、结构越来越复杂，高墩桥梁作为高速公路跨越山谷沟壑地段的主要形式，是高速公路桥梁工程建设里的重点和难点，做好高墩的技术控制对于保证施工和运营阶段的质量、安全具有重要的意义。文中通过对高速公路桥梁高墩的施工难点进行分析，提出高墩施工的技术控制要点及措施，从而保证高墩桥梁的施工质量。
浅析工程建设管理过程中需重点关注的几个问题
Authors: 黄 卫东
Published: May 2020

通过对工程建设各环节重点关注的几个问题，结合工程实际情况，将矛盾前置解决，避免环节冲突，加强深入研究探讨，做到事前、事中、事后控制，减少施工过程的变更洽商，节约成本，节省工期，提高效益。
高层建筑中土建施工技术的现状问题及优化对策分析研究
Authors: 陈 阳
Published: May 2020

近年来，我国社会发展十分的迅速，为建筑行业的发展壮大创造了良好的基础。高层建筑形式的出现，更是为经济的发展起到了积极的影响。在这种形势下，使得整个建筑行业内部的竞争形势越发的严峻。建筑工程施工技术的水平与建筑工程施工质量存在密切的关联，而与普通建筑工程相比较来说，高层建筑对施工技术的要求更高，并且施工工作具有更高的危险性。此文结合笔者工作经验及工程项目实例，通过分析高层建筑中土建施工技术的现状及存在的问题，论述了高层建筑土建施工亟待解决的问题及难点所在，最终给出了针对性的优化对策，为今后更好的开展项目质量管理提供参考与借鉴。
机电一体化技术在工程机械中的应用
Authors: 李 静君
Published: May 2020

现代工程机械是我国工业生产建设的重要设施。它有效应用提高了工作效率和质量。随着科学技术的不断进步,机电一体化技术逐渐应用到工程机械中,有力推动了各领域自动化、智能化的发展,加快了我国工业化的进程。鉴于此，这篇文章主要围绕机电一体化技术在工程机械中的实践运用展开全面的分析研究，希望能够对机电一体化技术的良好发展有所助益。
关于城市新扩建污水处理厂施工管理的探讨
Authors: 宁 连章
Published: May 2020

国家对环境保护工作日益重视，各个地方政府加大管辖范围内的水体处理工作；新建扩建污水处理厂也日益增多，在污水处理厂施工管理过程中存在很多问题，文章主要对现场污水处理厂建设过程中出现的问题进行阐述并提出相应的解决办法。
双曲面大跨度钢结构网架施工技术探讨
Authors: 陆 军
Published: May 2020

大跨度钢结构网架施工技术可以实现大型钢结构建筑的快速施工，在应用该技术的过程中，首先要建立双曲面大跨度钢结构建设模型，通过模型来分析力学稳定性和施工的潜在风险，确定方案后建立网架结构；其次就是进行桁架的拼装与建设，在这个过程中注意桁架节点的焊接与油漆；最后进行双曲面钢结构单元综合检验。文章结合笔者工作经验对上述内容进行探讨，为今后更好的应用该技术进行钢结构施工提供参考。
Repositorios para la transferencia del conocimiento abierto en las instituciones culturales privadas
Authors: Barrios Felipe Maximiliano
Published: May 2020

Las organizaciones o instituciones culturales privadas no tienen las mismas posibilidades y necesidades que el sector público para participar o compartir parte de sus contenidos en un modelo de ciencia abierta. Sus objetivos en ocasiones difieren bastante de las obligaciones inherentes en las instituciones científicas o culturales públicas, sin embargo, es un modelo atractivo en tanto en cuanto aportan visibilidad, prestigio y posibilidades de negocio futuro. Para facilitar la participación de estas entidades privadas o de autores no pertenecientes al sector público en repositorios abiertos o colaborar en redes sociales de conocimiento abierto se plantean en este debate algunos aspectos a tener en consideración, como son mejorar las políticas sobre derechos de autor o la universalización de herramientas como el sistema DOI por parte de las autoridades competentes.
Edible flowers: beauty, health and nutrition
Authors: Pereira Ariana Mota , Cruz Renata Ranielly Pedroza , Gadelha Tatiane Marinho , Silva Álvaro Gustavo Ferreira da , Costa Franciscleudo Bezerra da , Ribeiro Wellington Souto
Published: May 2020

The market for edible flowers is expanding worldwide, due to the greater interest of the population in foods with therapeutic properties and the need to conquer the market with different and innovative products. Flowers can be used in decorating and preparing food and drinks, adding aroma, flavor and color. However, the chemical composition of flowers must be known before human consumption. The objective was to discuss the most consumed species, their bioactive components and information on the quality, preservation and consumption of flowers. A bibliographic survey from 1992 to 2018 was carried out on the research platforms of ScienceDirect, SciELO and Periódicos Capes, where 40 articles were selected to serve as a database. Studies on consumer perception of consumption of edible flowers and their preparation are limited. The content of bioactive compounds is changed by the method of preparation. Consumer preference is for unprocessed or minimally processed forms (such as dried rose petals). Edible flowers are an entrepreneurial opportunity, whether for production for consumption, preparation of new products or extraction of bioactives.
Segurança e saúde na indústria da construção: uma abordagem das medidas de proteção coletiva
Authors: Vieira Almir Antônio , Guimarães Dherk Rodrigues , Soares Wellington Souza
Published: May 2020

A indústria da construção representa, para o Brasil, um dos setores empresariais com maior absorção de mão de obra, além de ser um dos maiores poderes econômicos, com grande geração de oportunidades de emprego. É um segmento caracterizado pela improvisação aliada à baixa qualificação dos trabalhadores, mau emprego das medidas de segurança, além de descontinuidade do processo, com mobilização e desmobilização das equipes a cada obra executada. Estas situações vividas pelo setor podem resultar no comprometimento da integridade física do trabalhador, com lesões e doenças, sendo estes os grandes desafios encontrados nas obras. Por meio de uma revisão na literatura e pesquisa de empresas da construção com desempenho satisfatório de segurança e saúde no trabalho, esse estudo tem o objetivo de apresentar uma análise sobre a utilização das medidas de proteções coletivas, ressaltando a importância da prevenção como prioridade. Essa prevenção deve se iniciar no planejamento da obra, com foco numa adequada classificação e seleção das proteções coletivas e num processo eficaz de qualificação dos provedores dessas proteções. Como resultados, são apresentadas alternativas mais eficazes e consistentes de ações que propiciam um ambiente de trabalho mais seguro e saudável para os trabalhadores que atuam nos canteiros de obras.
O fazer do gestor escolar: desafios e possibilidades de sua atuação profissional, enquanto facilitador do processo de ensino-aprendizagem
Authors: Souza Maria Islândia Melo de
Published: May 2020

O presente estudo objetiva compreender como o gestor escolar pode ser um facilitador do processo de ensino-aprendizagem e identificar os desafios que são encontrados e as possibilidades nesse processo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada em uma escola pública de ensino fundamental do município de Cariré-Ceará, no mês de agosto de 2018. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da observação participante e de um questionário. Diante da interpretação dos achados, compreendeu-se que o gestor não está somente apto a realizar funções de aspectos administrativos, mas que pode atuar, juntamente com os professores, para auxiliar no desenvolvimento do processo de ensino-aprendizagem; que é com força de vontade, dialogando, e estando frente às práticas pedagógicas que este poderá conseguir construir metodologias que ajudem aos alunos no processo de ensino e de aprendizagem, visto que a equipe gestora tanto influência como facilita este processo que define a missão social, política e técnica da escola na atualidade. Dentre os desafios no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, o gestor entrevistado neste estudo destacou a evasão escolar, e enquanto líder e facilitador usa do campo da motivação como estratégia de superação diante desse fato. Assim, gestores escolares, como os demais profissionais de educação, precisam estar em constantes processos de formação, levando sempre em conta que são profissionais que formam outras pessoas.
Otimização da extração de compostos antioxidantes da guapeva (pouteria gardneriana radlk) através da análise de superfície de resposta
Authors: Santos Viviane Ferreira dos , Pires Caroline Roberta Freitas , Clemente Rodolfo Castilho
Published: May 2020

Uma vasta reserva natural de bioma do cerrado apresenta espécies frutíferas exóticas e pouco usadas, como a guapeva (Pouteria gardneriana Radlk),de grande valor biológico e nutritivo. Objetivo: otimizar o processo de extração de compostos antioxidantes do guapeva, com variáveis de ácido clorídrico em diferentes tempos de contato, usando o método de análise por superfície de resposta (ASR). Para extração de antioxidantes, use solventes acetona / metanol, HCl (0,2 mol / l, 0,3 mol / l, 0,4 mol / l 0,5 mol / l 0,6 mol / l) e tempo de contato em minutos (15, 30, 60, 90 e 105) utilizando 4 pontos centrais. Uma atividade antioxidante total do DPPH, foi determinada pelo método de Rufino et al., (2009) e determinação de fenólicos totais por Waterhouse (2002). Como leituras foram realizadas no espectrofotômetro a 515 nm. Utilize o software STATISTICA 8.0. para uma análise estatística da Análise de Variância, Análise de Regressão e Superfície de Resposta. Com um ASR constante, que uma faixa ótima de trabalho para otimização de extração de SRL na polpa foi uma concentração de HCl de 0,50 mol / L, não é relevante uma variável tempo de contato. Na casca, uma faixa ótima ficou acima de 0,50 mol / L de HCL, com tempo de contato inferior a 30 minutos. Já para fenólicos totais, como partes do fruto, obtenha uma faixa ótima de 0,40 mol / L de HCL em 60 minutos de contato. O experimento mostrou ser um método importante para otimizar e criar modelos preditivos, com acidificação por HCl variando ou tempo de contato. Já para fenólicos totais, como partes do fruto, obtenha uma faixa ótima de 0,40 mol / L de HCL em 60 minutos de contato. O experimento mostrou ser um método importante para otimizar e criar modelos preditivos, com acidificação por HCl variando ou tempo de contato. Já para fenólicos totais, como partes do fruto, obtenha uma faixa ótima de 0,40 mol / L de HCL em 60 minutos de contato. O experimento mostrou ser um método importante para otimizar e criar modelos preditivos, com acidificação por HCl variando ou tempo de contato.
O direito ao esquecimento como garantia fundamental à ressocialização de criminosos psicopatas
Authors: Dantas Neto Geraldo Rocha , Bezerra Neto Francisco das Chagas , Caiana Clarice Ribeiro Alves , Maracajá Patrício Borges , Soares Jardel de Freitas , Medeiros Aline Carla de , Silva Eduardo Pordeus , França Júnior Reginaldo Pereira , Félix Maria da Conceição Silva , Wanderley Helmara Giccelli Formiga
Published: May 2020

O presente estudo versa sobre o direito ao esquecimento e sua incidência na ressocialização de psicopatas. Os estudos sucederam-se ao longo do tempo com a necessidade de caracterizar e conhecer, primeiramente, a psicopatia, e encontrar soluções para os problemas, mas toda evolução sobre o tema serviu para um mosaico multidisciplinar e um estudo mais consistente em nossa atualidade. A ressocialização dos criminosos psicopatas revela-se como uma aparente utopia e, o necessário tratamento psicológico dos acometidos por tais distúrbios está longe de se verificar na práxis. Nessa perspectiva, este artigo, por meio da pesquisa exploratória, de natureza qualitativa, método dedutivo, coleta de dados bibliográfico-documental, procedeu-se de modo a realizar uma análise acerca das alternativas de ressocialização dos criminosos psicopatas como um direito subjetivo individual e coletivo em prol de uma segurança jurídica, sendo o direito ao esquecimento uma solução viável e necessária para efetivar esse direito fundamental. Por fim, diante da problemática exposta, buscou-se, embasado nos princípios constitucionais, elucidar a necessidade do Estado, pautado na defesa da dignidade humana e no respeito ao bem-estar social, buscar a aplicação do direito ao esquecimento como meio de ressocialização de criminosos psicopatas no atual sistema penitenciário brasileiro.
Urban expansion impacts the surface water source of the water supply system in Belém and Ananindeua, Brazil
Authors: Mourão Francianne Vieira , Pereira José Almir Rodrigues
Published: May 2020

The aim of that research is to analyse the evolution of human activities close to Lake Bolonha, one of the main surface water sources for the Water Supply System in downtown Belém and Ananindeua, is investigated. Research consists of three stages. Stage 1 characterizes the environs and evaluates the importance of Lake Bolonha within the urban context. Stage 2 identifies human activities in the last ten years in the environs of the water source. Stage 3 analyzes impacts and environmental degradation risks, with special focus on vegetation around the lake. Results show that urban expansion reduced riparian vegetation and triggered sewerage flow into the lake, compromising self-cleaning capacity in the medium and long term, with an increase of pollution/contamination. The administration should develop and intensify activities to avoid irregular land occupation, establish a sewerage system and restitute the riparian vegetation lost. Lake Bolonha is highly relevant for the water supply system of approximate one million people of Belém and Ananindeua within the metropolitan region of Belém, Brazil.
‘The Principle of Mutual Support’: Female Friendly Societies in Scotland, c. 1789–1830
Authors: Rendall Jane
Published: May 2020

Friendly societies gave working people an element of security through mutual insurance against sickness, while also offering opportunities for regular, sometimes ritual-based, sociability. Their history has often been viewed as a part of labour history and dominated by the associational patterns of skilled men. More recently much has been done by social historians to explore friendly societies as fraternal associations through which different kinds of identities, including gender identities, might be developed. The regional diversity and the heterogeneity of male societies before 1830 have been emphasised. This paper examines the appearance of female friendly societies in Scotland between c. 1790 and 1830, set against the growth of male friendly societies: sixty-six female societies and over 1500 male societies have been identified. The previously unexplored development of female friendly societies in Scotland has also been compared to existing literature on such societies in England and Wales. Like them, Scottish women's societies were unlikely to be occupationally based, and much more likely to relate to neighbourhood and community ties and to be committed to values of respectability. Their regulations were likely to reflect women's dual identities as workers and carers for their families. Elite women found in them opportunities to extend their own local influence in a philanthropy directed towards mutual self-help. But the growth of Scottish female societies followed a different chronology from those of England and Wales, and had a different regional distribution, concentrated in south-west Scotland and largely absent from major cities.
KINBOTE'S HERO'S JOURNEY: Transcendent Path or Dead End? Nabokov's Parody of Campbell's "Monomyth" in PALE FIRE
Authors: Ross Mary
Published: May 2020

Mary Ross writes about Jungian influences in Nabokov’s PALE FIRE. This paper traces the steps of Charles Kinbote, aka King Charles Xavier II of Zembla, along literature's well-worn path, the Hero's Journey. The mythologist and Jungian scholar Joseph Campbell popularized the idea of the universal monomyth in his 1949 work, The Hero With a Thousand Faces. Following the steps outlined by Campbell, she cites the chapter headings and their opening sentences from his book, commenting on each to demonstrate how Kinbote's journey from Zembla to "Arcady" is parodied in Pale Fire, but leads in the end to a Nabokovian ambiguous conclusion.
About improving integer multiplication in processors
Authors: Pidodnya Alexander
Published: May 2020

The product of integers is one of the commonly used operations performed by modern computers. For example, when solving systems of equations, when working with vector graphics and other computing processes, the volume of multiplication operations can reach up to 30..50% of the total number of operations performed in ALU. If we consider the operation of adding integers, which is performed for one internal tick of the processor, then the operation of multiplication, when performed in the classical way and using sequential bit shifts and additions, will be performed for N or for N / 2 (in the case of processing 2 bits at once) of internal ticks the processor. This article has shown an improved version of the integer multiplication, which spends less CPU time compared to the classic.
The Utilization of the Generating Function Technique in the Discovery of Solutions for the Three-Dimensional Navier-Stokes Equation System
Authors: Jackson Robert
Published: May 2020

The derivation of solutions to the Navier-Stokes (system of) equations (NSEs), in three spatial dimensions, has been an enigma for as time can tell. This study wishes to show how to eradicate this problem via the usage of a recently proposed method for solving partial differential equations called the Generating Function Technique, or GFT for short. The paper will first quickly define the NSEs with and without an external force, then provide a quick synopsis of the GFT. Next, the study will derive solutions to these two major problems and give an analysis of the data concerning a specific set of criteria established by the Clay Mathematics Institute to determine the smoothness and existence of solutions. Finally, the paper will provide a brief discussion of the results.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF CAR PROPERTIES ON A PHYSICAL MODEL
Authors: Timkov Oleksii , Yashchenko Dmytro , Bosenko Volodymyr
Published: May 2020

The article deals with the development of a physical model of a car equipped with measuring, recording and remote control equipment for experimental study of car properties. A detailed description of the design of the physical model and of the electronic modules used is given, links to application libraries and the code of the first part of the program for remote control of the model are given.
Atmega microcontroller on the Arduino Uno platform was used to manage the model and register the parameters. When moving the car on the memory card saved such parameters as speed, voltage on the motor, current on the motor, the angle of the steered wheel, acceleration along three coordinate axes are recorded.
Use of more powerful microcontrollers will allow to expand the list of the registered parameters of movement of the car. It is possible to measure the forces acting on the elements of the car and other parameters.
In the future, it is planned to develop a mathematical model of motion of the car and check its adequacy in conducting experimental studies on maneuverability on the physical model. In addition, it is possible to conduct studies of stability and consumption of electrical energy.
The physical model allows to quickly change geometric dimensions and mass parameters. In the study of highway trains, this approach will allow to investigate the various layout schemes of highway trains in the short term. It is possible to make two-axle road trains and saddle towed trains, three-way hitched trains of different layout.
The results obtained will allow us to improve not only the mathematical model, but also the experimental physical model, and move on to further study the properties of hybrid road trains with an active trailer link. This approach allows to reduce material and time costs when researching the properties of cars and road trains.
Keywords: car, physical model, experiment, road trains, sensor, remote control, maneuverability, stability.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF METHODOLOGY ROAD TRANSPORT STATISTICS OF EUROSTAT AND UKRAINE
Authors: Novikova Alla , Myhailyuk Natalia , Redzyuk Anatolii , Shum Inna , Yaschenko Tatiana
Published: May 2020

Methodological approaches to European Union statistical observations of road transport industry are described and comparative analysis of the methodology of statistical observations in Ukraine are performed.
The significance of statistical analysis and research of publications on the results of statistical observations for the economy of the country, business environment, scientists and other users is established.
The importance database for the National Transport Model is discussed. It is a powerful tool for analyzing, forecasting, feasibility studies of investment projects.
The main indicators of statistical reporting for road transport in Ukraine are analyzed. The gaps in the statistical data road transport have been identified. The table provides a clear demonstration of the comparison of Eurostat and Ukraine’s road transport methodology by type of indicators.
Differences in methodology with Eurostat in reporting areas were identified: rolling stock; enterprises, economic indicators and employment; road traffic; statistics of passenger road transport; freight road transport; national road freight transport; international road freight transport; cabotage by road.
Conclusions and suggestions on converting positions and methodology of national statistics to Eurostat methodology have been provided. It is proposed to create a single electronic platform, accumulating all the various statistics on: carriers, routes, volumes and destinations of transportation, transport work, rolling stock, runs, fuel costs, financial results of activity, investment activity, cross-border traffic, export-import, road accidents, etc. that will be accessible to all potential users of statistics.
Keywords: statistics, data base, methodology, reporting forms, sample surveys, road transport.
RESEARCH OF THE MAIN DIFFERENCES IN THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF VEHICLES MANUFACTURED FOR MARKETS OF DIFFERENT COUNTRIES
Authors: Babin Iurii , Nazarenko Mykola , Nilov Rostyslav , Pinchuk Victor
Published: May 2020

Research of the main differences in the design requirements for wheeled vehicles manufactured for the markets of different countries. Review of the main legislative documents concerning the admission of RV to participation in road traffic and the state registration. Determination of the main differences RV, which were in use and were made for markets other than European, which are required pay attention to certification. Providing information and explanations for citizens wishing to purchase or have already purchased vehicles that were in use and manufactured for markets other than European, about the minimum design requirements for such vehicles, compliance with which is necessary for passing the inspection and obtaining a certificate of conformity according to the procedure for individual approval of wheeled vehicles. Definition of legislative documents about regulating the procedure for individual approval of vehicles in Ukraine. Providing information on the list of requirements (technical regulations), which must conform to the vehicle, past in usage, M1 and N1 categories for passing the procedure of individual approval of wheeled vehicles. Determination of the obligations of certification bodies in Ukraine to comply with the requirements of European standards and legislation of Ukraine during the procedure for individual approval of wheeled vehicles in Ukraine. Development and approval Technical service reports on the possibility of applying alternative technical regulations for the individual approval of completed wheeled vehicles of categories M1 and N1, which are manufactured in large series in / or for countries that are not member states of the European Union. Description of the main differences between the objects of approval that you need to pay attention to before passing certification.
Keywords: RV certification, certification of cars intended for the US market, requirements for cars during certification.
BACKGROUND OF MODERN TECHNIQUES FOR LABORATORY DETERMINATION OF THE ELASTICITY MODULUS OF COHESIVE SOILS AND THEIR DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS IN THE ROAD STRUCTURE (Part 1)
Authors: Lytvynenko Anatolii
Published: May 2020

According to the results of laboratory stamping tests, samples (d = 150mm; H=180mm) of bulk with soil compaction having a water saturation factor Sr≥0,85 in the range of values of fluidity index – 0,5≤lℓ≤0,25 , it is concluded that it is possible to determine practically every sample, their modulus of deformability (Епр; Ед), the calculated critical resistance – Ro of soil and its maximum relative deformation λmax.
The loading of the samples is carried out by a step load with a proportional (1.3 times) increased pressure, such as at each stage. During the test, the sample is not unloaded but is subject to conditional destruction, that is, a disproportionate increase in the deposits of the die. The duration of each load is three minutes.
The graphs of parabolic functions of the type λ=aσb are plotted in logarithmic coordinates in the form of two segments straight on both sides of the fracture. The parameter of the degree of parabola “b” serves for preliminary estimation of the index of deformability: for the modulus of elasticity – b≈1,0 ± 0,2; for the modulus of deformation – b≈2,0 ± 0,5; for the yield modulus – b≥3.0.
The work gives a comparison with similar indicators of deformability of other building and structural materials. The elastic modulus (Епр) has only a soil that meets the conditions of the standard seal ρdmax>ρdωρ і ωo<ωρ; the modulus of deformation (Ед) has a soil when 0<lℓ<0,5, and the modulus of fluidity (Ет) has only a soil lℓ≥0,5. Natural structured soils are characterized by a modulus of structural strength (Est) in the range 0<lℓ< 0, which is determined by compression tests.
In order to reduce soil consumption and increase productivity, it is proposed to consider the task of determining soil deformability indices for the calculation of road clothing as a contact and therefore reduce the height of soil samples from 180 mm to 40 mm
Keywords: soil, soil engineering structure, compacted soil, design condition, elastic modulus, critical design resistance, maximum relative deformation.
The Addition of Lactobacillus spp., Enrofloxacin or Doxycycline Negatively Affects the Viability of Mycoplasma bovis in Diluted Bovine Semen
Authors: García-Galán Ana , Gómez-Martín Ángel , Bataller Esther , Gomis Jesús , Sánchez Antonio , Gadea Joaquín , Vieira Luis Alberto , García-Roselló Empar , De la Fe Christian
Published: May 2020

Mycoplasma bovis is an important etiologic agent of bovine mycoplasmosis in cattle. Different transmission routes have been described, including those related to reproduction. The presence of mycoplasma in semen has led to its appearance in infection-free areas through artificial insemination (AI). Semen was recently reported to be the initial source of two M. bovis mastitis outbreaks in two closed dairy herds in Finland. This questions the effectiveness of the antimicrobials currently used in semen extenders to control the pathogens in contaminated semen. They should be re-evaluated, or alternative measures to antimicrobials should be tested to obtain M. bovis-free semen. This in vitro study aimed to assess different strategies to reduce the risk of transmission of M. bovis through AI technologies. The viability of M. bovis (PG45, NCTC 10131) in bull semen diluted (DS) in a Tris-citrate-fructose solution was tested, after the addition of enrofloxacin, doxycycline or a Lactobacillus spp.-based probiotic. The data show the susceptibility of the pathogen to the addition of 0.125 μg/mL of enrofloxacin or 0.0625 μg/mL of doxycycline and to the addition of the probiotic at a concentration of 3.24 × 106 colony forming units (CFU)/mL or 3.24 × 108 CFU/mL in DS. The Tris-citrate-fructose medium negatively affected the viability of M. bovis, although this effect was lower than that observed after the addition of the probiotic and antimicrobials (p < 0.05). Our results may support new strategies for reducing the risk of M. bovis transmission through AI.
State-of-the-Art and Prospective of Nanotechnologies for Smart Reproductive Management of Farm Animals
Authors: Hashem Nesrein M. , Gonzalez-Bulnes Antonio
Published: May 2020

Many biotechnological assisted reproductive techniques (ART) are currently used to control the reproductive processes of farm animals. Nowadays, smart ART that considers technique efficiency, animal welfare, cost efficiency and environmental health are developed. Recently, the nanotechnology revolution has pervaded all scientific fields including the reproduction of farm animals, facilitating certain improvements in this field. Nanotechnology could be used to improve and overcome many technical obstacles that face different ART. For example, semen purification and semen preservation processes have been developed using different nanomaterials and techniques, to obtain semen doses with high sperm quality. Additionally, nanodrugs delivery could be applied to fabricate several sex hormones (steroids or gonadotrophins) used in the manipulation of the reproductive cycle. Nanofabricated hormones have new specific biological properties, increasing their bioavailability. Applying nanodrugs delivery techniques allow a reduction in hormone dose and improves hormone kinetics in animal body, because of protection from natural biological barriers (e.g., enzymatic degradation). Additionally, biodegradable nanomaterials could be used to fabricate hormone-loaded devices that are made from non-degradable materials, such as silicon and polyvinyl chloride-based matrixes, which negatively impact environmental health. This review discusses the role of nanotechnology in developing some ART outcomes applied in the livestock sector, meeting the concept of smart production.
Piceatannol-Loaded Emulsomes Exhibit Enhanced Cytostatic and Apoptotic Activities in Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Alhakamy Nabil A. , Badr-Eldin Shaimaa M. , Ahmed Osama A. A. , Asfour Hani Z. , Aldawsari Hibah M. , Algandaby Mardi M. , Eid Basma G. , Abdel-Naim Ashraf B. , Awan Zuhier A. , Alghaith Adel F. , Alaofi Ahmed L. , Mohamed Amir I. , Okbazghi Solomon Z. , Al-Rabia Mohammed W. , Fahmy Usama A.
Published: May 2020

Piceatannol (PIC), a naturally occurring polyphenolic stilbene, has pleiotropic pharmacological activities. It has reported cytotoxic activities against different cancer cells. In the present study, PIC emulsomes (PIC-E) were formulated and assessed for cytotoxic activity. A Box–Behnken design was employed to investigate the influence of formulation factors on particle size and drug entrapment. After optimization, the formulation had a spherical shape with a particle size of 125.45 ± 1.62 nm and entrapment efficiency of 93.14% ± 2.15%. Assessment of cytotoxic activities indicated that the optimized PIC-E formula exhibited significantly lower IC50 against HCT 116 cells. Analysis of the cell cycle revealed the accumulation of cells in the G2-M phase as well as increased cell fraction in the sub-G1 phase, an indication of apoptotic-enhancing activity. Staining of cells with Annexin V indicated increased early and late apoptosis. Further, the cellular contents of caspase - 3 and Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA expression were significantly elevated by PIC-E. In addition, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was disturbed and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was increased. In conclusion, PIC-E exhibited superior cell death-inducing activities against HCT 116 cells as compared to pure PIC. This is mediated, at least partly, by enhanced pro-apoptotic activity, disruption of MMP, and stimulation of ROS generation.
Zinc Concentration Dynamics Indicate Neurological Impairment Odds after Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Heller Raban Arved , Sperl André , Seelig Julian , Haubruck Patrick , Bock Tobias , Werner Theresa , Besseling Albert , Sun Qian , Schomburg Lutz , Moghaddam Arash , Biglari Bahram
Published: May 2020

Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury (TSCI) is debilitating and often results in a loss of motor and sensory function caused by an interwoven set of pathological processes. Oxidative stress and inflammatory processes are amongst the critical factors in the secondary injury phase after TSCI. The essential trace element Zinc (Zn) plays a crucial role during this phase as part of the antioxidant defense system. The study aims to determine dynamic patterns in serum Zn concentration in patients with TSCI and test for a correlation with neurological impairment. A total of 42 patients with TSCI were enrolled in this clinical observational study. Serum samples were collected at five different points in time after injury (at admission, and after 4 h, 9 h, 12 h, 24 h, and 3 days). The analysis of the serum Zn concentrations was conducted by total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF). The patients were divided into two groups—a study group S (n = 33) with neurological impairment, including patients with remission (G1, n = 18) and no remission (G0, n = 15) according to a positive AIS (American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale) conversion within 3 months after the trauma; and a control group C (n = 9), consisting of subjects with vertebral fractures without neurological impairment. The patient data and serum concentrations were examined and compared by non-parametric test methods to the neurological outcome. The median Zn concentrations in group S dropped within the first 9 h after injury (964 µg/L at admission versus 570 µg/L at 9 h, p < 0.001). This decline was stronger than in control subjects (median of 751 µg/L versus 729 µg/L, p = 0.023). A binary logistic regression analysis including the difference in serum Zn concentration from admission to 9 h after injury yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 82.2% (CI: 64.0–100.0%) with respect to persistent neurological impairment. Early Zn concentration dynamics differed in relation to the outcome and may constitute a helpful diagnostic indicator for patients with spinal cord trauma. The fast changes in serum Zn concentrations allow an assessment of neurological impairment risk on the first day after trauma. This finding supports strategies for improving patient care by avoiding strong deficits via adjuvant nutritive measures, e.g., in unresponsive patients after trauma.
Brain Transcriptome Analysis Links Deficiencies of Stress-Responsive Proteins to the Pathomechanism of Kii ALS/PDC
Authors: Morimoto Satoru , Ishikawa Mitsuru , Watanabe Hirotaka , Isoda Miho , Takao Masaki , Nakamura Shiho , Ozawa Fumiko , Hirokawa Yoshifumi , Kuzuhara Shigeki , Okano Hideyuki , Kokubo Yasumasa
Published: May 2020

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinsonism-dementia complex (ALS/PDC) is a unique endemic neurodegenerative disease, with high-incidence foci in Kii Peninsula, Japan. To gather new insights into the pathological mechanisms underlying Kii ALS/PDC, we performed transcriptome analyses of patient brains. We prepared frozen brains from three individuals without neurodegenerative diseases, three patients with Alzheimer’s disease, and 21 patients with Kii ALS/PDC, and then acquired microarray data from cerebral gray and white matter tissues. Microarray results revealed that expression levels of genes associated with heat shock proteins, DNA binding/damage, and senescence were significantly altered in patients with ALS/PDC compared with healthy individuals. The RNA expression pattern observed for ALS-type brains was similar to that of PDC-type brains. Additionally, pathway and network analyses indicated that the molecular mechanism underlying ALS/PDC may be associated with oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria, ribosomes, and the synaptic vesicle cycle; in particular, upstream regulators of these mechanisms may be found in synapses and during synaptic trafficking. Furthermore, phenotypic differences between ALS-type and PDC-type were observed, based on HLA haplotypes. In conclusion, determining the relationship between stress-responsive proteins, synaptic dysfunction, and the pathogenesis of ALS/PDC in the Kii peninsula may provide new understanding of this mysterious disease.
Optical and Physical Characteristics of Aerosol Vertical Layers over Northeastern China
Authors: Su Bo , Li Hao , Zhang Miao , Bilal Muhammad , Wang Minxia , Atique Luqman , Zhang Ziyue , Zhang Chun , Han Ge , Qiu Zhongfeng , Ali Md. Arfan
Published: May 2020

The optical and physical characteristics of the aerosol vertical layers over Northeastern China (NEC) are investigated using the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) Level 2 layer products from 2007 to 2014. To better examine the spatial and temporal variations in the characteristics of aerosols over NEC, the region is divided into three parts (Heilongjiang province, Jilin province, and Liaoning province) to analyze the inter-annual and seasonal variations of nine selected aerosol parameters in each part during night and day times. The results reveal that the values of aerosol optical depth (AOD) increase year by year, over the whole NEC, being relatively high over the Liaoning (LN) province; this might be induced by higher levels of economic development and agricultural activity. The highest AOD values appear in summer, which is plausibly related to the temperate monsoon climate in NEC. Higher AOD values exist during the daytime than at night; this is intuitively the result of higher daytime anthropogenic activities. The base altitude of the lowest aerosol layer (BAL) and the top altitude of the highest aerosol layer (TAH) varied significantly due to the topography of NEC. The number of aerosol layers (N) is relatively large over LN, which might be caused by a relatively stronger atmospheric convection over this landscape. The thickness of the lowest aerosol layer (TLL) bore little relationship with the topography of NEC. The AOD proportion of the lowest aerosol layer (PAODL) is high (0.70 to 0.85 for the entire NEC), indicating that aerosols are mainly concentrated in the lowest layer of the atmosphere. The volume depolarization ratio of the lowest aerosol layer (VDRL) is large during spring and winter due to the presence of dust aerosols. The color ratio of the lowest aerosol layer (CRL) is large during the day due to relatively more human activities taking place than at night. Moreover, there is a significantly positive linear correlation between N and TAH, and a negative logarithm correlation between N and PAODL over NEC. The results of this study could provide researchers and the government departments with detailed and certain optical and physical information about aerosol layers over NEC, to help in the treatment of air pollution over NEC.
Performance of Two Different Techniques to Concentrate Samples for Bioaerosol Quantification
Authors: Oh Hyeon-Ju , Han Taewon T. , Mainelis Gediminas
Published: May 2020

We evaluated two concentrating techniques that could be used to improve bioaerosol detection and quantification: A BioChromato Smart Evaporator C1 (BioChromato, Inc.) and two Concentrating Pipette (CP) models (CP-150 and CP-Select) (InnovaPrep, LLC). We determined the concentration factor (CF) (the concentration of particles in the final solution compared to the concentration in the initial solution) and the particle losses when processing the samples with polystyrene latex (PSL) beads and different species of bacteria. When processing total particles, regardless of the culturability status, the losses for the Evaporator were 3.70–23.89%; for the CP-models, the losses ranged from 0.20% to 67.22%. For the culturable particles processed with the CP devices, the losses ranged from 42.85% to 90.19% and were higher for Gram-negative pseudomonads compared to Gram-positive B. subtilis. Despite the loss of particles, both devices yielded more concentrated final solutions. The CF for the Evaporator was 3.59–10.92; the CF values for the CP devices ranged from 55.77 to 184.64 for total particles and from 6.29 to 96.52 for culturable bacteria. This higher CF was mainly achieved due to lower final suspension volumes. The study demonstrated that the two concentrators can improve particle detection, but that one should take particle losses into account.
Discovery of Hordenine as a Potential Inhibitor of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 3: Implication in Lung Cancer Therapy
Authors: Anwar Saleha , Mohammad Taj , Shamsi Anas , Queen Aarfa , Parveen Shahnaz , Luqman Suaib , Hasan Gulam Mustafa , Alamry Khalid A. , Azum Naved , Asiri Abdullah M. , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz
Published: May 2020

Design and development of potential pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3 (PDK3) inhibitors have gained attention because of their possible therapeutic uses in lung cancer therapy. In the present study, the binding affinity of naturally occurring alkaloids, hordenine, vincamine, tryptamine, cinchonine, and colcemid was measured with PDK3. The molecular docking and fluorescence binding studies suggested that all these compounds show a considerable binding affinity for PDK3. Among them, the affinity of hordenine to the PDK3 was excellent (K = 106 M−1) which was further complemented by isothermal titration calorimetric measurements. Hordenine binds in the active site pocket of PDK3 and forms a significant number of non-covalent interactions with functionally important residues. All-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study suggested that the PDK3-hordenine complex is stabilized throughout the trajectory of 100ns and leads to fewer conformational changes. The enzyme inhibition studies showed that hordenine inhibits the activity of PDK3 with an IC50 value of 5.4 µM. Furthermore, hordenine showed a cytotoxic effect on human lung cancer cells (A549 and H1299) with an admirable IC50 value. However, it did not inhibit the growth of HEK293 cells up to 200 µM, indicating its non-toxicity to non-cancerous cell lines. In summary, our findings provide the basis for the therapeutic implication of hordenine and its derivatives in lung cancer and PDK3-related diseases after required in vivo validation.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Predominantly Inattentive Subtype/Presentation: Research Progress and Translational Studies
Authors: de la Peña Ike C. , Pan Michael C. , Thai Chau Giang , Alisso Tamara
Published: May 2020

Research on the predominantly inattentive attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD-PI) subtype/presentation is important given its high prevalence, but paradoxically it is under-recognized and undertreated. The temporal stability of the inattention symptom could impact the high worldwide prevalence of ADHD-PI. Some evidence suggests differences in the nature of attentional deficit in ADHD-PI vs. that in other subtypes. Impairments in neuropsychological, neurocognitive, and social functioning are also evident in ADHD-PI, which could be specific to the subtype (e.g., processing speed, social perception, and skills), or differ from others in severity. Neuroimaging studies have also revealed ADHD-PI-specific neuropathological abnormalities and those that are shared with other subtypes. ADHD-PI is highly comorbid with learning and internalizing (e.g., anxiety and depression) disorders. There is no solid evidence for ADHD-PI-specific genetic etiologies and differential responses of subtypes to ADHD medications. Translational studies have used the Wistar Kyoto/NCrl substrain which requires further characterizations as an ADHD-PI model. Overall, ADHD-PI research has been conducted in the context of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, which arguably does not conform to the widely recognized “dimensional” view of ADHD. The Research Domain Criteria has been proposed to provide a novel framework for understanding the nature of neuropsychiatric illnesses and ultimately improve their diagnosis and treatment.