bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What’s in it for citizen scientists? An Analysis of Participant Inclusivity in Citizen Science Projects in Advanced Physics Research
Authors: Unterfrauner Elisabeth , Fabian Claudia Magdalena , Hemming Gary , Garcia Beatriz
Published: January 2025

Citizen science projects optimise the democratisation of the production of scientific knowledge. In these initiatives, research processes do not rely solely on scientists’ but on citizens’ engagement, likewise with benefits on both sides. As previous work shows, the inclusivity perspective of citizen science projects might be viewed critically as some groups of citizens tend to be overrepresented in these initiatives while others are left out. This paper explores the claim of inclusivity and the citizens’ benefits based on four citizen science projects in the fields of astrophysics and particle physics on the citizen science platform Zooniverse. Besides a general engagement strategy, the citizen science projects addressed two groups specifically, the elderly and people with visual impairments. The claim for inclusivity is reflected in the analysis of citizens’ demographic variables as an indicator for accessibility of the research projects. We used a pre-post design with questionnaires on science attitudes, motivations, skills, self-efficacy, and knowledge to assess what citizen scientists gained from participating in the project. The demographic analysis of the data reveals that participants were quite heterogeneous and that people who feel that they belong to a group that is discriminated against are particularly motivated to participate in citizen science projects. In terms of benefits, the results indicate knowledge and scientific skills gains, but no changes on other evaluative dimensions. Their attitude towards science was, in general, already rather positive when joining the projects, thus not leaving much room for change. These results confirm the importance of and call for a diversified citizen science engagement strategy and show that even in citizen science projects where the citizens’ task is limited to classifying data lead to scientific knowledge and skills gains.
Targeting Plasmodium falciparum chondroitin sulfate a ligand: A highly conserved malaria antigen with potential for pregnancy-associated malaria vaccine development
Authors: Rotich Alex K. , Mbogo Kevin , Adamba Paulus , Takashima Eizo , Gitaka Jesse , Kanoi Bernard N.
Published: January 2025

Background Pregnant women in malaria-endemic regions exhibit heightened susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum infection due to accumulation of infected red blood cells (iRBCs) in the placenta. This is aided by the variant antigen 2 chondroitin sulfate A (VAR2CSA) protein which remains a target for pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM) vaccine studies. However, polymorphism in this antigen presents a significant challenge in developing broadly efficacious vaccines. This study explored PfCSA-L, a protein co-expressed and co-localized with VAR2CSA, as a potential alternative vaccine target due to its hypothesized role in PAM pathogenesis. Methods Sera and dried blood spots were collected from pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic at Webuye County Hospital, Western Kenya. P. falciparum infection status was confirmed by PCR. Recombinant PfCSA-L, expressed using a eukaryotic wheat germ cell-free system (WGCFS), was used to assess IgG antibody responses via ELISA. Results We observed a statistically significant increase in IgG levels as gestation advanced, suggesting potential exposure-driven antibody maturation against PfCSA-L. Primigravida women exhibited a trend toward higher anti-PfCSA-L antibody levels compared to multigravida during the second visit, possibly reflecting a more vigorous immune response during the first pregnancy. Genetic analysis of field parasite isolates revealed a high conservation of PfCSA-L at both DNA and protein levels. B-cell epitope prediction identified potential targets on the PfCSA-L surface within the conserved region. Conclusion These findings, coupled with the observed IgG response, further positions PfCSA-L as a promising vaccine candidate for PAM. However, further investigations are warranted to elucidate the functional role of anti-PfCSA-L antibodies and definitively validate PfCSA-L and/or the identified epitopes as potential PAM vaccine targets.
Anomaly Detection in Industrial Processes: Supervised vs. Unsupervised Learning and the Role of Explainability
Authors: Bardos Avraam , Doupidis Panagiotis , Kotsiopoulos Thanasis , Vafeiadis Thanasis , Nizamis Alexandros , Geerdens Heino , Ioannidis Dimosthenis , Votis Konstantinos , Tzovaras Dimitrios , Sarigiannidis Panagiotis
Published: January 2025

Background Anomaly detection is vital in industrial settings for identifying abnormal behaviors that suggest faults or malfunctions. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers significant potential to assist humans in addressing these challenges. Methods This study compares the performance of supervised and unsupervised machine learning (ML) techniques for anomaly detection. Additionally, model-specific explainability methods were employed to interpret the outputs. A novel explainability approach, MLW-XAttentIon, based on causal reasoning in attention networks, was proposed to visualize the inference process of transformer models. Results Experimental results revealed that unsupervised models perform well without requiring labeled data, offering significant promise. In contrast, supervised models demonstrated greater robustness and reliability. Conclusions Unsupervised ML techniques present a feasible, resource-efficient option for anomaly detection, while supervised methods remain more reliable for critical applications. The MLW-XAttentIon approach enhances interpretability of transformer-based models, contributing to trust and transparency in AI-driven anomaly detection systems.
Dietary and related data collected during pregnancy in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)
Authors: Taylor Caroline M , Northstone Kate , Golding Jean , Jones Louise , Buckland Genevieve , Emmett Pauline M
Published: January 2025

The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) is a longitudinal birth cohort study based in the south-west of the UK. Pregnant women resident in and around the city of Bristol with expected delivery dates between 1 April 1991 and 31 December 1992 were invited to take part. The initial number of pregnancies enrolled was 14,541. Four questionnaires were sent to women through the post during pregnancy (including a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at 32 weeks) for self-completion; excluding withdrawals and exclusions, 11,978 FFQ records are available (April 2024). The main part of the FFQ at 32 weeks comprised questions on the weekly frequency of consumption of 43 food groups and food items. More detailed questions covered a further eight foods/drinks normally consumed daily. The data were used to derive daily nutrient intakes for each participant. Dietary patterns were derived using principal components analysis. Together with the diverse ALSPAC resource containing detailed data on demographics, lifestyle, environment, genetics and health, these data form a unique resource for the study of: (1) maternal diet in pregnancy, fetal/child development and their life course; (2) women’s diet and their life course.
Pedagogical conditions of cultural and educational work in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation
Authors: Bavzhis Al'bin
Published: January 2025

The article reveals the problem of organizing cultural and educational work in the internal affairs bodies, both in the sphere of activity of society and the state, where intellectual, aesthetic and cultural development, combined with psychological stability and physical health, are of great importance in terms of the effectiveness of employees performing their professional duties. The article considers the specifics of work in the internal affairs bodies, which determines the psychological and physiological qualities of employees necessary for them to successfully perform their professional duties.
It is determined that cultural and educational work should not only expand and develop the knowledge, skills and abilities already available to employees in terms of intellectual abilities, aesthetic and creative capabilities, but also contribute to the formation of readiness to effectively apply this knowledge, skills and abilities in practice. In addition, the activity itself must be constantly improved and in its content correspond to the characteristics and needs of its participants, as well as the requirements of modernity.
Today, cultural and educational work in the internal affairs bodies meets the above requirements, but not to the full extent, which makes it difficult to solve the tasks assigned to it. These tasks are not only to educate and increase the level of development of professionally important spiritual, moral and civic-patriotic qualities of employees, but also to reduce their neuropsychic stress, including by providing additional information about different aspects of society and working out the skills necessary for the successful performance of professional duties. The analysis of the issue of organizing and implementing cultural and educational work in the internal affairs bodies in the context of pedagogy, thus, will allow us to determine the directions of its improvement and, accordingly, the possibilities of educating employees of the qualities indicated above.
Role of mycelia derived from in vitro cultures of Amanita spp. as a potential source of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential for the mitigation and management of depressive disorders
Authors: Kała Katarzyna , Sułkowska-Ziaja Katarzyna , Piotrowska Joanna , Gajda Marta , Sękara Agnieszka , Hnatyk Kamil , Lazur Jan , Muszyńska Bożena
Published: January 2025

Cel pracy

Grzyby z rodzaju Amanita są uważane za jedne z najbardziej toksycznych, powodujących poważne zatrucia, często kończące się śmiercią. Jednakże, spośród 707 opisanych gatunków, jedynie kilkanaście zawiera toksyczne oktapeptydy sklasyfikowane jako amanitotoksyny i falotoksyny. Większość przedstawicieli tego rodzaju uznana jest za gatunki niejadalne, nieliczne z kolei to przykłady smacznych gatunków jadalnych. Amanita muscaria i Amanita pantherina to gatunki trujące mające znaczący etnomykologiczny wpływ na ewolucję i socjologię człowieka między innymi ze względu na działanie psychoaktywne.
Celem pracy było uzyskanie w warunkach laboratoryjnych myceliów dwóch gatunków A. muscaria i A. pantherina z wykorzystaniem 10 L bioreaktorów z systemem air-lift oraz ocena uzyskanego materiału grzybowego jako surowca farmaceutycznego zawierającego muscymol oraz inne związki biologicznie aktywne o potencjalnym znaczeniu w profilaktyce depresji.

Metoda

Otrzymaną biomasę analizowano metodą RP–HPLC oraz ASA pod względem zawartości związków organicznych (związki indolowe, sterole, lowastatyna, ergotioneina, muscymol, kwas ibotenowy) i biopierwiastków.

Wyniki

Na podstawie otrzymanych rezultatów można wnioskować, że mycelium A. muscaria zawiera szereg związków bioaktywnych takich jak lowastatyna, ergotioneina czy 5-hydroksy-L-tryptofan w wyższych zawartościach niż A. pantherina.

Wnioski

Przeprowadzone w pracy oznaczenia muscymolu i innych dotąd nieanalizowanych substancji bioaktywnych w biomasie otrzymanej w warunkach in vitro oraz porównawczo w owocnikach mogą przyczynić się do wykazania potencjału tych gatunków w leczeniu depresji, jednak konieczne są dalsze badania eksperymentalne, w tym próby in vitro, a następnie badania kliniczne.
Las cláusulas ambientales en la contratación pública
Authors: Galán Vioque Roberto
Published: January 2025

La aprobación de la nueva Ley 9/2017, de 8 de noviembre, de Contratos del Sector Público ha supuesto un espaldarazo definitivo a la incorporación de las cláusulas ambientales en la contratación pública. Con esta nueva Ley la incorporación de las preocupaciones ambientales a la contratación pública ha pasado de ser una opción posible para las Administraciones Públicas a una obligación. Y se puede hacer en todas las fases de la contratación pública, introduciéndolas en las prescripciones técnicas particulares de cada contrato, como requisito de solvencia, como criterio de adjudicación o finalmente como condiciones especiales de ejecución. Este libro analiza la llamada contratación pública ecológica combinando el Derecho de la Unión Europea con su desarrollo por parte de los ordenamientos portugués y español.
Code and Data Repository for An Optimization-Based Scheduling Methodology for Appointment Systems with Heterogeneous Customers and Nonstationary Arrival Processes
Authors: Chatterjee Sohom , Hebaish Youssef , Aprahamian Hrayer , Ntaimo Lewis
Published: January 2025

The data folder includes the arrival rate data for first-time and crisis customers and the optimal schedule proportions for both service types for all the cases in Table 1 and Figure 9 of the paper. It also contains the schedule proportions obtained using the DPS policy, as shown in Figure 10 of the paper. Refer to the README.md file in that folder for more details on the data.
Code and Data Repository for An Exact Algorithm for Multicommodity Network Design Under Stochastic Interdictions
Authors: Mahmoudzadeh Vaziri Shabnam , Kuzgunkaya Onur , Vidyarthi Navneet
Published: January 2025

This repository contains 5 folders, each for one variant of the branch-and-Benders-cut algorithm presented in the paper.
Code and Data Repository for An LSTM+ Model for Managing Epidemics: Using Population Mobility and Vulnerability for Forecasting COVID-19 Hospital Admissions
Authors: Ray Arindam , Jank Wolfgang , Dutta Kaushik , Mullarkey Matthew
Published: January 2025

This repository contains the anonymous datasets used for the case study in the LSTM+ model.
Code and Data Repository for SimOpt: A Testbed for Simulation-Optimization Experiments
Authors: Eckman David J. , Henderson Shane G. , Shashaani Sara
Published: January 2025

SimOpt is a testbed of simulation-optimization problems and solvers. Its purpose is to encourage the development and constructive comparison of simulation-optimization (SO) solvers (algorithms). We are particularly interested in the finite-time performance of solvers, rather than the asymptotic results that one often finds in related literature.
Integrating Energy Efficiency in Residential Buildings: A User-Centric Web Interface Approach
Authors: Kumar Gunjan , De Kausar , Roy Ayan Guha , Bag Subhajit
Published: January 2025

In the global mission to achieve a net-zero carbon footprint, the contribution of buildings is substantial, accounting for over one-third of the world's carbon footprint. To re-engineer the built environment in the direction of decarbonization, the building sector's operational energy needs our special imagination. The principal aim of the following research paper is to enhance building energy management by creating a digital platform that records design stage energy performance and benchmarks annual occupant consumption. The present study attempts to evaluate Kolkata’s residential high rises for their design stage energy consumption though whole building energy simulation by using design builder version 7.0.2.006. Envelope energy efficiency measures like wall, roof, and glass material changes show an annual energy performance improvement of 28.55% compared with a standard as built construction practice base case energy performance index value of 125.93 kWh/m2/year. The web-based energy profiling and benchmarking applications has been developed using Python’s Django framework. The website has been hosted on Python Anywhere. The portal features a home page, a page to add building details, and a personalised user dashboard with a building digital profile. The study shows that implementation of envelope interventions in the redesign have resulted in demonstrated improvements in annual energy performance. Integration with the web-based portal with initial design stage improvements serves to document and visualize tangible benefits in electricity bills and operational carbon emissions for the end-user, thus serving as the missing link of building operational energy performance.
Impact of Srinagar Dam on Wetland Ecosystems and Socio-Economic Dynamics in the Alaknanda Basin, Uttarakhand
Authors: Ashwani Ashwani , Kumar Abhay , Tyagi Anshul
Published: January 2025

Wetlands are critical ecosystems that bridge terrestrial and aquatic environments, playing a vi-tal role in maintaining biodiversity, supporting agriculture, and mitigating natural disasters. This study focuses on the Srinagar Dam in the Alaknanda River basin in the Pauri Garhwal dis-trict of Uttarakhand, India. The construction of the Srinagar Hydroelectric Project (SHEP) has transformed the local wetland ecosystem, with significant implications for the environment, society, and economy. The research examines the hydrological regime, assesses the environ-mental impacts, and explores sustainable management practices for the wetland. Through a mi-cro-level assessment of the wetland's hydrological dynamics, the study highlights the dual role of the dam in providing energy and water resources while posing challenges to local biodiversi-ty and social structures. The findings underscore the need for a balanced approach to wetland management that incorporates ecological conservation and addresses the local population's concerns. The study concludes with recommendations for policy interventions to secure the long-term sustainability of the wetland and its associated ecosystems while enhancing the re-gion's socio-economic benefits.
The Role of Molluscs in Monitoring Marine Pollution and its Connection to Climate Change and ESG
Authors: Yap Chee Kong , Aguol Kennedy Aaron , Ong Meng Chuan , Syazwan Wan Mohd , Nulit Rosimah , Okamura Hideo , Horie Yoshifumi , Ismail Mohamad Saupi , Setyawan Ahmad Dwi , Kumar Krishnan , Cheng Wan Hee , Leow Chee Seng
Published: January 2025

Molluscs possess a unique capability to filter and remove pollutants from water, offering a natural and effective solution to combat marine pollution. Their filtration process not only enhances water quality but also mitigates the detrimental impacts of contaminants on marine ecosystems. As climate change introduces unprecedented challenges, the resilience of molluscs—particularly in adapting to rising temperatures and ocean acidification—highlights their critical role in sustaining marine ecosystem balance. This paper reviews the literature on molluscs from 1874 to 2024, as documented in the Scopus database, analyzing 5,757 publications retrieved on 8 March 2024. Five major insights emerged: (a) molluscs’ significant ecological role, (b) the potential of marine bivalves for ecosystem health and sustainability, (c) the importance of monitoring molluscs to address climate change, (d) the scarcity of studies linking molluscs to Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices, and (e) existing knowledge gaps. Understanding and monitoring mollusc populations are essential for advancing environmental stewardship, fostering social responsibility, and promoting sound governance. Integrating these aspects within business operations can support marine ecosystem resilience and reflect a commitment to the planet's and society's holistic well-being.
Impact of Drive Days and No-DriveDays on Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide (CO) concentration
Authors: Relton Carlton , Arockiasamy Daisy Caroline Mary , Rayappan Teneson , Mariaselvam Sheela Mary , Mookkaiyaraj Ramprasath , Ganesan Gopianan
Published: January 2025

Automobile emissions rise in tandem with population growth. Increases in motorised vehicles lead to high urban traffic congestion, air pollution and health effects such as asthma, cardiorespiratory illness, headaches and cardiorespiratory disorders. The carbon monoxide (CO) released by vehicles acts as a greenhouse gas and is correlated with climate change. The study aims to evaluate and compare CO levels and vehicle counts on Drive Days (DD) and No-Drive Days (NDD) and to analyse the correlation between CO Concentration and vehicle count. The vehicles were counted, and CO concentrations were monitored using a CO meter over a five-year period. The research focused on observing No-Drive Days at Bishop Heber College, where commuters are encouraged to avoid motorised vehicles and to use eco-friendly transport. The number of vehicles has reduced significantly from DDs to NDDs ranging from 36% to 90.3%. On the DD, the CO concentrations were higher than the maximum permissible level signifying the need to take measurements. However, the CO levels have reduced on NDDs with a mean of 1.52 mg/m3 well below the maximum permissible level. The investigation concluded that a decrease in vehicle numbers decreased the atmospheric CO concentration. The organisation and execution of No-Drive Days, as well as participant support greatly influence the level of success and sustainability of such initiatives.
Ecological Attributes of Sacred Groves in West Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, India
Authors: Marbaniang Kerry Willson , Narzary Dippu , Kumar Hemant
Published: January 2025

Sacred groves, imbued with cultural significance through associations with deities, rituals, taboos, and ethnic heritage, establish an inseparable connection between contemporary society and historical roots. Across our country, diverse traditional communities engage in nature worship, each expressing their unique ethnic practices. The fundamental belief underlying these practices is the imperative to safeguard all natural creations, characterized by their immense richness in diversity and endemism. Conducted in 2020-21, this research focused on three sacred forests—Law Lyngdoh Mawnai, Law Lyngdoh Nonglait, and Law Lyngdoh Mawlong—in Meghalaya, India. Sampling involved 20 quadrats randomly placed within the study area 10 x 10 m2 (trees) and 5 x 5 m2 (shrubs), with an experienced guide aiding species identification. Findings revealed Law Lyngdoh Mawnai's have 23 tree species and 15 shrub species, Law Lyngdoh Nonglait's-17 tree species and 17 shrub species, and Law Lyngdoh Mawlong's- 22 tree species and 19 shrub species. The Ecological attributes for all sites ranged as follows: species richness (2.80-3.79), species diversity (2.10-2.71), evenness index (0.74-0.87), dominance index (0.09-0.21), and similarity index (21.21-34.48).
Enhancing Vigna radiata Growth and Reducing Metal Toxicity with Pseudomonas spp. in Hydroponic Systems
Authors: Saini Nidhi , Singh Sumer , Chowdhury Parul
Published: January 2025

Heavy metals in the environment originate from both natural sources and human activity, such as industrial waste and mining. Metals like cadmium, lead, and mercury accumulate in soil, water, and air, which can result in substantial threats to plants and ecosystems. Overexposure to heavy metals in plants leads to regeneration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), causing oxidative stress and disrupting many metabolic pathways, eventually impacting plant growth and productivity. Microbial bioremediation is an approach used to address this issue. This study investigates the effectiveness of the Pseudomonas family, specifically Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas fluorescens, in reducing heavy metal toxicity in non-circulating hydroponic systems. The objective is to observe the impact of zinc and cadmium stress on the growth of Vigna radiata (mung bean) seedlings. The results indicate that Pseudomonas aeruginosa promotes the development of seedlings up to a concentration of 1000 parts per million (ppm) of zinc, as well as cadmium. Pseudomonas fluorescens, on the other hand, supports plant growth under cadmium stress of up to 300 ppm and zinc stress of up to 1000 ppm. The results demonstrate the potential of the Pseudomonas family, which can serve as an effective method for reducing the presence of heavy metals in soil. Consequently, these bacteria could potentially serve as biofertilizers in heavy metal-contaminated regions, enhancing production while also mitigating the presence of heavy metals in the soil.
Traditional Dual Tank Water Management: A Study of Kolakanatham in Perambalur District, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Karuppaiya Ramesh , Koley Apurba , Das Niladri , Patchaiyappan Arunkumar , Bagdi Tapas , Balachandran Srinivasan
Published: January 2025

Societies make rainwater harvesting structures to collect and store rain water to cater for their immediate and future needs. In a remote village in the Perambalur district, the people use the dual temple tank, nearly 350 years old, for their drinking purposes. This study tries to understand the traditional knowledge embedded in the dual pond structures, cascade aerators, and an open well connected with the ground aquifer inside the tank. This study delves into projected rainfall trends using NASA POWER data for 2050, revealing a noticeable increase and an assessment of pond water quality parameters demonstrating adherence to acceptable limits set by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). However, despite meeting these standards, the water quality index deems the water unsuitable for direct human consumption, though it remains suitable for domestic household use. Moreover, analysis of land cover and land use changes by Sentinel2A data over the past 22 years underscores significant growth in settlement areas, indicative of a rising demand for water resources. The study proposes the restoration and utilization of the dual tank system as a potential solution to address this burgeoning water demand, offering a reliable water source and preserving traditional practices within the local community.
Deciphering Groundwater-Surface water Interactions using Environmental Tracers in a Tropical Lake, Southwest India
Authors: Raghavan Sukanya Srinivasa , Joseph Sabu , Eslamian Saeid
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on identifying GW-SW interaction locations in a tropical lake - Vellayani Lake (VL), Southwest India, utilizing stable water isotopes (s18O, sD) and chloride mass balance approach. The northern lake region was identified as a critical groundwater discharge “hotspot” with pronounced discharge (2.14×106 - 3.82×106 m³/yr), prompting targeted management interventions. This reaffirms the critical role of groundwater inflow in sustaining the lake’s water balance. Additionally, the application of machine learning (ML) techniques refined the classification of Lacustrine Groundwater Discharge (LGD) and non-LGD sites while predictive modeling utilizing Sensitivity Indices enhanced the understanding of prominent factors influencing lake volume. K-means clustering and Random Forest (RF) classification, achieved high accuracy (90%) and a kappa value of 0.8 in distinguishing groundwater discharge and non-discharge sites. Predictive modeling and sensitivity analysis revealed precipitation as the most influential factor, with a ±20% change causing a 16.69% variation in lake volume. Groundwater discharge exhibited a sensitivity index of 0.5320, further emphasizing its critical role in maintaining lake hydrological balance. This integrated approach provided valuable insights into the critical role of nearshore groundwater recharge in maintaining lake hydrological balance and facilitates the identification of suitable areas for groundwater recharge structures. For practitioners and policymakers, this integrated approach offers a robust framework for identifying critical GW-SW interaction zones, prioritizing groundwater recharge areas, and designing sustainable water management strategies, especially in data-scarce regions, paving the way for improved resource management in similar tropical lake environments.
Optimizing Soil Performance: Using Cement Kiln Dust along with Polymer Integration for Soil Stabilization
Authors: Chauhan Rajiv , Suman Amit , Singh Akashdeep
Published: January 2025

The present study explores contaminated soil collected from solid dump yard and its treatment with cement kiln dust in combination with epoxy liquid polymer. The study explores the improvement in mechanical and geotechnical characteristics of stabilized soil’s properties by adding Cement kiln dust and a liquid polymer in different proportions. The comparison for Maximum Dry Density, Unconfined Compressive Strength and California bearing ratio test for untreated and stabilized soil was done. The optimal mixtures of the 10% Cement kiln dust dosage indicate that with usage of cement kiln dust, decreases maximum dry density and optimum moisture content increases. However, Cement kiln dust and epoxy liquid polymer resulted in Unconfined compression test increase from 402.11 kN/m² to 1288 kN/m²and 1005.27 kN/m2 to 3221.825 kN/m2 for a curing time of 14 days and 28days. Moreover, the California bearing ration values also improved 38% with the addition of Cement kiln dust. Over curing periods of 7 and 14 days, Unconfined compression test and California bearing ratio test outcomes show increases due to the of cementitious materials. Additionally, the treated soil exhibits a notable reduction in harmful compounds like Chromium and Lead. The cohesion and frictional properties of stabilized soil showed significant improvement too.
Ecosystem Health Assessment in Kalimpong District (West Bengal), India Based on AHP-VORS Model
Authors: Lepcha Kabita , Ghosh Paban
Published: January 2025

The present research paper proposes an AHP model based on integrating weight and VORS modelis used to prepare of ecosystem health conditions map in Kalimpong district of West Bengal from 1991 to 2021. In this study, LULC map is prepared based onlandsat-5 (for 1991) and also landsat-8 (for 2021)applyingArcgis 10.3.1.The district is covered by 7 types of LULCclasses such as agriculture fallow land, forest,social forestry, agriculture plantation, build up area, agriculture land and water bodies1. LULC map of 1991 and 2021 were used to prepare ESVs map based on ESVs of biomes, 1997 and 2014 to analysis of spatio-temporal dynamics in ESVs of the district.EH of the district is categorised into five classes in the period of 1991 to 2021. The output results show that about 30.05 % and 23.30 % areas under very good health condition in 1991 are predicted while the areas under very good health conditions are changed to 22.00 % and 22.00 % in 2021 as per used ecosystem services map which prepared based on global coefficient values. This work gives a valuable guide line for conducting sustainable environmental management steps for the district in future.
The Effect of Work-Based Learning on Employability Skills: The Role of Self-Efficacy and Vocational Identity
Authors: Suyitno Suyitno , Nurtanto Muhammad , Jatmoko Dwi , Widiyono Yuli , Purwoko Riawan Yudi , Abdillah Fuad , Setuju Setuju , Hermawan Yudan
Published: January 2025

Work-based learning (WBL) is an important tool for enhancing students' employability skills in vocational education and training. Many studies have underlined the importance of a variable of WBL, self-efficacy, and vocational identity in developing vocational students' employability skills. Nonetheless, the research is limited and examined separately. Therefore, this study investigates how WBL, self-efficacy, and vocational identity influence employability skills and how self-efficacy moderates between WBL and employability skills. Four hundred and three state university students in Yogyakarta were involved in the data collection. This study used structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis to test its hypothesis. The results of the study revealed that the implementation of WBL did not have a direct effect on employability skills; however, self-efficacy was able to moderate the relationship between WBL and employability skills. However, WBL directly influences vocational identity, which in turn directly influences employability skills, while self-efficacy also directly influences employability skills. This research has important implications for improving learning that can improve students' self-efficacy skills in an effort to build students' employability skills in vocational education and training.
A solution of the modified Tzitzeica-Dodd-Bullough equation
Authors: Fonseca F.
Published: January 2025

In this work, we solve a modified Tzitzeica-Dodd-Bullough (TDB) equation using the tanh and Ricatti and Jacobi solitary wave methods. We get several families of solutions.
Convertible metal-backed glenoid in total shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Ranieri Riccardo , Borroni Mario , Delle Rose Giacomo , Conti Marco , Garofalo Raffaele , Castagna Alessandro
Published: January 2025

Aims

The aim of this study was to report long-term clinical outcomes of a modern convertible metal-backed glenoid (MBG) in total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA).

Methods

After a minimum of 15 years, a previously studied cohort of 35 patients who received a modern convertible MBG during the period 1996 to 2005 was contacted for clinical and radiological follow-up. At last follow-up, patients were evaluated radiologically and clinically according to the Constant Score, Simple Shoulder Test, and visual analogue scale for pain. Complications and revisions were recorded, and survival analysis was performed.

Results

At the last follow-up, 20 patients were contacted. Of these, 15 patients had experienced at least one complication, and ten underwent revision surgery. The mean time to revision was 13.8 years (7 to 20). Cuff failure was the most common complication. Conversion to reverse shoulder arthroplasty, while maintaining the baseplate, was possible in five cases, with good results. In patients in whom the baseplate was removed, revision was performed significantly later (18.4 vs 11.1 years; p = 0.016). The general revision-free survival was 73% (95% CI 49.5 to 87.3) at 15 years and 38% (95% CI 11.8% to 64.3%) at 20 years, while MBG revision-free survival was 96.0% (95% CI 74.8% to 99.4%) at 15 years and 54% (95% CI 16.2% to 80.8%) at 20 years. Clinical scores showed a negative trend over time, although not statistically significant. Radiologically, polyethylene wear was observed in all cases and was complete in 12 out of 19 cases, and five glenoids were ‘at risk’ for loosening.

Conclusion

At long-term follow-up, convertible MBG-TSA revealed a high rate of complications and revision surgery, mainly due to soft-tissue failure and polyethylene wear occurring with time. Prompt conversion to RSA maintaining the baseplate provided good results and a low complication rate. Radiological follow-up at about ten years is strictly recommended and, if metal-to-metal contact is observed, conversion to RSA is advisable. These results emphasize the need for continued research into improving TSA outcomes, especially in cases of MBG usage.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2025;6(1):82–92.
nihilismo como vitalismo y valor en Nietzsche
Authors: Maestro Cano Ignacio Carlos
Published: January 2025

Nihilismo y vitalismo han constituido dos de los temas que han sido analizados con frecuencia al acometer el estudio del pensamiento de Nietzsche. Algo que no resulta tan habitual es acometer su estudio conjunto, como si vida y valor se unieran para reinterpretar el concepto de nihilismo. Una consecuencia de ello es la de pasar a comprender el nihilismo nietzscheano, tradicionalmente entendido con unas connotaciones netamente pesimistas acerca del ser humano y la vida, como una netamente positiva adopción de la vida como único valor. Así, el supuesto nihilismo de Nietzsche no sería tal sino que sería, en realidad, un vitalismo maximalista.
Les darreres etimologies del Cràtil: una invitació a la filosofia.
Authors: Salgueiro Daniel
Published: January 2025

Aquest article es proposa abordar la problemàtica etimològica del Cràtil a tra- vés de l’anàlisi de les darreres etimologies del diàleg (437a-c). Si les anteriors des- composicions nominals de contingut filosòfic mostraven el món en moviment perpetu i sotmès a canvi, aquesta breu seqüela etimològica, per contra, desvela rere els termes filosòfics analitzats alguns principis doctrinals referents a l’estabilitat i la permanència que podrien ser considerats plenament platònics. Les següents pàgines presenten una interpretació coherent amb la resta del diàleg que, contra l’opinió d’alguns comentaris recents, subratlla el caràcter arbitrari amb què Plató representa l’etimologia del seu temps. D’acord amb això, el darrer tram del diàleg vol mostrar al lector que no ha de quedar seduït pel que és una mera estratègia discursiva sense fonament que pot ésser feta servir en sentits inversos al servei de la mera elegància del discurs. Així doncs, s’evidencia com la suposada tècnica etimològica acaba constituint una definició ne- gativa de la filosofia. | Paraules clau: Cràtil, dialèctica, etimologia, palinòdia, Plató.
¿QUÉ RELIGIÓN? LOS PERSONAJES DE NUNS AND SOLDIERS DE IRIS MURDOCH
Authors: Mauri Margarita , Blasi Laia , Escudero Victor , Etxeberría Jonas C. , Geira Víctor , Ortega Àlex , Reull Èric , Sáenz Guilermo
Published: January 2025

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Voltaire, Contes filosòfics
Authors: Grau Andreu
Published: January 2025

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Margarita Mauri Álvarez, La relación razón-pasión: Aristóteles, R. Descartes y J. Butler
Authors: Reüll Èric
Published: January 2025

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BULLETIN HOBBES XXXV
Authors: Charles-Zakra Yves , Lessay Franck , Castellanos Corbera Roger , Pang Liang , Barreto Lisboa Wladimir , Griffith James , Lukac De Stier Maria , Santi Raffaella , Schotte Dietrich , Chen Canpu , Ertan Paşaoğlu Sebnem , Fernandez Sales Maria Clara , Vacura Miroslav , Mineur Didier , Monserrat Molas Josep
Published: January 2025

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Comprehensive seismic refraction analysis and 2-D geological modeling in Ini Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Authors: Aka Mfoniso U. , Agbasi Okechukwu Ebuka , Ibuot Johnson C.
Published: January 2025

Seismic refraction methods are vital in geophysical investigations to reveal subsurface geological structures. This study focuses on the Ini Local Government Area, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, analyzing geological features beneath the surface, with emphasis on seismic velocities and layer thicknesses. The primary aim was to determine subsurface composition, identify geological disruptions, and develop 2-D subsurface models using seismic refraction data. Data were collected from forty locations using a Geometric ES 3000 12-Channel Seismograph, a Vulcan Sledge Hammer as the energy source, and geophones as detectors. The data were processed into Two-Way Time (TWT) graphs, and models were generated using strata modeling software. Three primary layers were identified: Layer 1 (topsoil) with lower seismic velocities (209-500m/s) and shallow depths (1-3m), Layer 2 (consolidated subsoil) with higher velocities (221-1210m/s) and greater depths (4-9m), and Layer 3 (bedrock) with the highest velocities (510-1700m/s) and depths (4.5-14.5m). Variations in seismic velocities and thicknesses highlighted geological instabilities. The VP/VS and Poisson’s ratios provided insights into lithological variations. 2-D sections showed lateral variations and models revealed disruptions like faults. The study delineated three seismic layers, highlighting areas with suitable and unsuitable conditions for construction. This research’s novelty lies in integrating seismic refraction data with advanced 2-D modeling, offering a comprehensive subsurface analysis crucial for construction planning and geological hazard assessment in Ini Local Government Area (LGA).
New spider crabs (Brachyura, Majoidea) from the early Eocene of Spain with a reassignment of the species “Periacanthus” tetracornis
Authors: Ferratges Fernando Ari
Published: January 2025

Spider crabs (superfamily Majoidea Samouelle, 1819) represent a highly diverse group within Eubrachyura de Saint Laurent, 1980. This study re-examines the species “Periacanthus” tetracornis Ferratges, Ortega Fernández, Moreno and Maza, 2014 (Roda Formation, lower Eocene of Spain) which was previously consider as a member of Epialtidae MacLeay, 1838 and it is included as a new genus of majoid crabs, Eoactinotocarcinu n. gen. Additionally, Tumulosternum ortegai n. sp. is described from the same geological unit expanding the distribution of this genus to the southern Pyrenees. These taxa were found in siliciclastic facies co-occurring with a diverse assemblage of decapod crustaceans and other invertebrates. These facies are interpreted as deposited in a prodelta environment supporting the idea of such environments as highly diversified areas of decapods during the Eocene. These new taxa represent the earliest known record of the Subfamily Actinotocarcininae Jenkins, 1974 and the genus Tumulosternum respectively.
Fossil corals with skeletal lesions comparable to modern ones
Authors: Bover-Arnal Telm , Strasser André , Salas Ramon
Published: January 2025

Whereas post-mortem bioerosional features such as bivalve, sponge or worm borings are frequently preserved in ancient corals, reports of ante-mortem skeletal anomalies on Cretaceous specimens are rare. Here, we document the occurrence of fossil skeletal lesions produced during the life span of the colonies in exceptionally well-preserved Aptian (Early Cretaceous) scleractinians from the Maestrat Basin (East Iberia). These ante-mortem damage features are characterized by millimetric to centimetric areas of skeletal depression, as well as upward growth around damaged areas indicating regeneration. Depressed skeletal lesions are commonly overprinted by post-mortem lithophagid borings. Distribution of skeletal anomalies on the colonies can be focal or multifocal, and their location basal, medial and/or apical. The extent of the skeletal anomalies can be mild (occupying <10% of the colony) to extreme (occupying ≥50% of the colony). The edges of the skeletal anomalies are distinct (disk-shaped) or annular (ring-shaped), the margins are mainly smooth to uneven, and the shapes are circular, oblong, pyriform, linear, or irregular. The skeletal anomalies exhibited by the corals are comparable to tissue lesions produced in modern corals either by predation, bioerosion or disease, which may be followed by skeletal overgrowth or denudation. Although demonstrating disease in fossil colonies is challenging, there is no reason to believe that corals did not experience diseases back in the Cretaceous. This paper gives an example of the potential of coral anomalies originating from tissue lesions and skeletal damage to be preserved in the geological record, a factor that may have been often overlooked in the study of fossil coral communities.
Entrepreneurs and the structural transformation of the Chinese apparel industry, 1980–2020
Authors: Zhang Juxuan , Donzé Pierre-Yves
Published: January 2025

This paper investigates the structural transformation of the Chinese apparel industry from 1980 to 2020. Following an approach of industry studies and classic business history, it focuses on the 10 largest apparel companies in the four decades since the 1980s. Drawn from a broad range of published sources and official data, it analyses the ownership transition and entrepreneurial strategies of these companies under the changing institutional context. The findings show how different types of firms were able to use regulations and policies to dominate the industry. The study contributes to literature by exhibiting the dynamics of the industry development from the perspective of companies and entrepreneurs.
Sensorialidad en la voz hablada. Formación del Habla (Sprachgestaltung - Rudolf Steiner)
Authors: Montello Flavia
Published: January 2025

Los actuales son tiempos en los que pasamos por alto la percepción sensible de lo que transmite la voz hablada, priorizando el contenido del mensaje. La urgencia por la información nos propone escuchar audios al doble de velocidad. Hace cien años, el investigador austríaco Rudolf Steiner observaba el inicio de este fenómeno y desarrolló la Formación del Habla (Sprachgestaltung) como técnica para la voz expresiva. En su época significó un cambio de paradigmas, pues no se apoyaba en lo orgánico-fonoaudiológico, sino que su punto de partida era eminentemente artístico al sensibilizar respecto de los elementos conformadores del habla. Tanto el actor y maestro de actuación Mijaíl Chéjov como la reconocida entrenadora vocal Cicely Berry trabajaron con esta metodología, que profundiza en las características de los sonidos, la gestualidad del lenguaje, intensifica la escucha y trabaja con los ritmos y las dinámicas expresivas de la respiración. Este artículo presenta algunas de sus características más destacadas.
Analysing the Deep Learning Strategies Questionnaire: a case study with higher education students in Catalonia
Authors: Martins Ludmila , Ruiz-Bueno Antoni
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION. Finding an accurate instrument to measure self-regulated learning in higher education is a complex task. In 2021, Panadero and colleagues developed the Deep Learning Strategies Questionnaire (DLS-Q) to assess the learning strategies used by students. In this study, we aimed to assess the evidence of validity of the DLS-Q in the Catalan language. Additionally, we explored whether students’ beliefs about the subject and their previous experience with peer-assessment processes are related to their self-regulated learning skills. METHOD. A total of 475 higher education students from various year groups and faculties at a university in Catalonia participated in this study. RESULTS. We found a significant positive correlation between all dimensions of deep-learning strategies and the different expectations and beliefs expressed by students at the beginning of the academic year. DISCUSSION. Since we decided to eliminate three items from the original version due to their low score, we propose a four-dimensional structure for a 27-item version of the questionnaire. The low-scoring items are consistent with the results of previous research in different educational contexts. We discuss possible explanations related to teaching practices and lecturers’ roles as feedback providers.
Lawson’s Psychological Critical Thinking Exam as an instrument to improve critical thinking
Authors: Torres-Domínguez Marta-Natalia , Barberia Itxaso , Rodríguez-Ferreiro Javier
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION. Critical thinking is vital in both science and daily life, being crucial for identifying anecdotal evidence, unfalsifiable hypotheses, biased data sampling, and unreliable causal connections. This study aimed to adapt Lawson’s revised version of the Psychological Critical Thinking Exam (PCTE) into Spanish, and to use it to assess improvement in Psychology students taking a module on reasoning.
METHOD. Eighty-seven third-year Psychology students responded to the odd items of the original PCTE at the beginning of the term, and to the even items at the end. During the module, one session was dedicated to discussing Lawson’s critical thinking questions, evaluating the reliability of purportedly scientific statements.
RESULTS. Students’ critical thinking skills improved both in problem detection (i.e., volunteers who initially failed to identify methodological problems, then did) and in accurately detecting the target problem (i.e., issues related to the critical thinking question addressed).
DISCUSSION. We consider the PCTE a valuable tool for assessing and developing critical thinking among university students. Moreover, we suggest that this study itself could serve as didactic material for analysis by students, enhancing their critical thinking skills.
Trade and Disruption in the Western Malay Archipelago in the 17th century
Authors: Borschberg Peter
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The present article discusses issues surrounding trade in the Malay Archipelago during the seventeenth century. It focuses on how European agents, especially the Dutch East India Company (VOC), disrupted the political structures of their treaty partners and allies. Since many readers will be unfamiliar with early modern Southeast Asian trade and statecraft, Part I introduces and discusses six core concepts that stake out the values, practices, and structures of polities in the region with an eye on providing the political and commercial context discussed in the second half of the article. Part II then turns to explore how certain legal instruments and policies, specifically however written treaties, maritime passes, reliance on fixed prices, and exclusive trading deals bypassed local social hierarchies and destabilized politico-economic institutions. Taken together, these hindered the ability of rulers to raise sufficient revenues, discharge their traditional duties, and meet the material needs of their followers.