bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time Domain Broadband Characterization of Human Cadaver Bone (500 -1100nm)
Authors: Kothuri Suraj Kumar , MacMahon Danielle , Lanka Pranav , Andersson-Engels Stefan , Gautam Rekha , Sekar Sanathana Konugolu Venkata
Published: June 2024

We present optical characterization (500-1100nm) of fresh human bone. We observe the presence of various biomarkers like met-Hb, Hb, lipids, collagen and further discuss the optical properties of cortical bone, trabecular bone, and bone marrow.
Development of Long Wavelength Interferometric Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (LW-iDCS) Deep-learning Model based on EfficientNet
Authors: Oh Yoonho , Robinson Mitchell B. , Carp Stefan A.
Published: June 2024

LW-iDCS can enable robust measurement of cerebral hemodynamics. However, LW-iDCS data requires several pre-processing steps to correct signal distortions. Here, we propose a deep-learning model based on EfficientNet to accelerate and simplify blood flow estimation.
Validation of a Combined Frequency-Domain and Broadband Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy System for Hyperspectral Estimation of Optical Properties
Authors: Hurlock April M. , Ko Tiffany , Baker Wesley B. , Forti Rodrigo M.
Published: June 2024

We used the in vitro MEDPHOT protocol to validate the optical properties measured with a combined frequency-domain and broadband diffuse optical spectroscopy instrument across the near-infrared spectral range (650-1000 nm).
Development of phantoms for photoacoustic probing of intervertebral discs
Authors: Allais Roman , Espinas Valentin , Brige Pauline , Capart Antoine , Silva Anabela Da , Boiron Olivier
Published: June 2024

We created phantoms of intervertebral disc using agarose and TiO2. Optical absorption and reduced scattering could independently be finely tuned to mimic physiological values while the density and specific heat capacity are within 10% of the target values.
Designing Anatomically Derived, 3-D Printable Head Caps for Functional Neuroimaging
Authors: McCann Ashlyn , Xu Edward , Yen Fan-Yu , Fang Qianqian
Published: June 2024

We present a pipeline for generating 3-D printable head caps for neuroimaging studies derived from anatomical head models, directly integrating scalp landmark positions, and permitting user customizations tailored to a wide variety of applications.
Efficient Template-Based Decoding of Naturalistic Movie Stimuli in Mice
Authors: Li Ziyuan , Chen Shengxuan , Bice Annie R , Gaines Seana H , Culver Joseph P
Published: June 2024

This study introduces an efficient template-based decoding approach for naturalistic movie stimuli in mice, achieving 82% accuracy using wide-field optical imaging. The method demonstrates significant potential in understanding dynamic visual information processing.
Extracting 3D Information from Widefield Birefringence Microscopy Images of Sparse Myelinated Fibers in Human Brain Gray Matter
Authors: Novoseltseva Anna , Xie Ting , Bigio Irving J
Published: June 2024

We report the application of widefield birefringence microscopy for 3D rendering of sparse myelinated fibers in human brain gray matter. This inexpensive and simple method offers the potential to inform studies of the brain connectome.
Birefringence Microscopy for Quantifying Birefringence of Myelin in Thin Brain Section
Authors: Xie Ting , Novoseltseva Anna , Blanke Nathan , Bigio Irving
Published: June 2024

Structural anisotropy of myelin leads to optical birefringence, which can be microscopically imaged quantitatively to assess neurodegenerative diseases. We present a methodology to measure the birefringence refractive index difference in human white matter myelin.
Blood-Flow Changes in Mice with TBI Assessed by Time-Gated Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy at 1064 nm
Authors: Sabaghian Sahar , Poon Chien-Sing , Rambo Timothy M. , Miller Aaron J. , Foreman Brandon , Sunar Ulas
Published: June 2024

Diffuse correlation spectroscopy was used on mice to resolve non-invasive blood flow within brain tissue after injury. Blood flow dynamics showed a highly significant reduction in TBI within 30 minutes relative to sham animals. Low-frequency oscillations also showed significant changes due to TBI.
Psychedelic 5-HT2A Receptor Agonism Alters Neurovascular Coupling in Mice
Authors: Padawer-Curry Jonah A. , Snyder Abraham Z. , Bice Annie R. , Wang Xiaodan , Nicol Ginger E. , McCall Jordan G. , Siegel Joshua S. , Bauer Adam Q.
Published: June 2024

Thy1-jRGECO1a mice were imaged under awake, resting-state conditions using wide-field optical imaging. Psychedelic 5-HT2A receptor agonism significantly altered neurovascular coupling in a region- and frequency-band-specific manner.
Intact-Skull Cranial Windows for Widefield Imaging in Juvenile Mice: Complications and Impact on Skull Growth
Authors: Adepoju Temilola , Fisher Hayden B. , Winston Chloe , White Brian R.
Published: June 2024

Functional neuroimaging with widefield optical imaging is potentially useful for studying developmental disorders in juvenile mice. Effects of longitudinal cranial window placement are unknown. We studied differences in skull growth and complications of this procedure.
Tissue Curvature Correction in NIRS Imaging Using Uniform and Gaussian Light Source Illumination
Authors: Roy Himaddri Shakhar , Kaile Kacie , Chiwo Fernando Sebastian , Leizaola Daniela , Godavarty Anuradha
Published: June 2024

Tissue oxygenation measurements of diabetic foot ulcers are impacted by tissue curvatures. Herein, curvature corrections were developed and tested on simulated diffuse reflected signals obtained from wound models for uniform and Gaussian light source illuminations.
Vinculin Tension in Three-Dimensional Multicellular Aggregates
Authors: Hu Luni , Barroso Margarida , Boustany Nada N.
Published: June 2024

Confocal frequency-domain FLIM-FRET microscopy of Vinculin-TS demonstrates that vinculin is under tension at adhesion sites within multicellular aggregates. The measurements suggest that Vinculin-TS experiences a modified environment in 3D compared with 2D cultures.
Contribution of different sunglasses frames to the protection against ultraviolet radiation: a suggestion of adaptation for the current standards
Authors: de Andrade Augusto Perez , Guedes Pedro Miguel Lira , da Silva Pedro Teixeira Xavier , Ventura Dra. Liliane
Published: June 2024

Sunglasses are widely used for eye protection against ultraviolet radiation. However, the current Brazilian manufacturing standards, copied from a European model, do not consider the country’s specific characteristics and only focus on lens spectroscopic conditions. This study evaluates different eyewear frames geometries in relation to scattered light that may reach the eyes through the sides, since the use of sunglasses increase the eye vulnerability due to pupil dilation and facial muscle relaxation. A prototype was developed to calculate this protection by simulating a spherical environment that exposures a mannequin to diffuse and direct radiations. The project still in progress is already functional, but the incomplete arrangement containing one LED isn’t enough to deliver concrete results already shown in previous prototypes with the same objective that showed values in the range of 75%-85% of blocked light.
Red Blood Cell Velocity in Brain Capillaries is Associated with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Load
Authors: Shen Yucheng , Schweitzer Noah , Cover Christopher G. , Vazquez Alberto L. , Iordanova Bistra E.
Published: June 2024

We collected two-photon line-scans along brain capillaries in Alzheimer's and wildtype mice. We applied Radon transform to quantify red blood cell velocity and found it decreasing with increased cerebral amyloid angiopathy but not tissue plaques.
Opto2P-FCM: A MEMS Based Miniature Two-Photon Microscope with Patterned Optogenetic Stimulation
Authors: Futia Gregory L. , Zohrabi Mo , McCullough Connor , Teel Alec , de Souza Fabio Simoes , Oroke Ryan , Bright Victor M. , Restrepo Diego , Gopinath Juliet T. , Gibson Emily A.
Published: June 2024

Miniaturized microscopes for monitoring neural activity are an indispensable tool for neuroscience research. We present a novel MEMS based miniature microscope with patterned optogenetic stimulation capabilities enabling cell-specific 2-photon optogenetics and 2-photon imaging.
Path3D: A Comprehensive Pipeline for Non-destructive 3D Pathology
Authors: Bishop Kevin W. , Erion Barner Lindsey A. , Han Qinghua , Baraznenok Elena , Lan Lydia , Gao Gan , Serafin Robert B. , Chow Sarah S.L. , Liu Jonathan T.C.
Published: June 2024

Consistently generating high-quality datasets across large sample cohorts is necessary for clinical translation of 3D pathology. We present an end-to-end workflow for non-destructive 3D pathology with an emphasis on quality control.
A broadband spectrum wearable device for multiple physiological parameters monitoring
Authors: Da Silva Anabela , Alacoque Laurent , Tualle Jean-Michel , Espinas Valentin , Wojak Julien , Ettori Dominique , Couturier Solène , Cherel Gaëtan , Alacoque Xavier
Published: June 2024

We propose a broadband (Si and InGaAS sensors,500-2500 nm) wearable integrated optical device designed with to monitor multiple physiological parameters. The sensors are spatially distributed to access the depth information.
Point-of-Care Device for INR Screening from Whole Blood Using a Smartphone
Authors: Xu Weiming , Althumayri Majed , Mohammad Amin , Koydemir Hatice Ceylan
Published: June 2024

We developed a cost-effective, portable 3D-printed smartphone platform with dedicated microfluidic cartridges for testing blood coagulation at the point of care (Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2023, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2023.115755).
Rapid Optical Sensing of Infection in Joint Fluids
Authors: Drewke Erin , Rajaram Narasimhan
Published: June 2024

Quickly determining critical patient infection level can impact treatment. We created a model for determining optical properties using spectroscopy measurements of fluid phantoms inside a syringe. The results are consistent with a traditional Lookup-table.
Fast fluorescence lifetime imaging system for intraoperative surgical guidance
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Murali , Pal Rahul , Collins Hannah , Kumar Anand T N
Published: June 2024

We present a novel fast fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLT) system for high-resolution real-time intraoperative guidance, showcasing surgeries in pre-clinical mouse tumor models and ex− vivo clinical specimens for contrast-enhanced tumor identification.
In-vivo validation of VASCOVID device, a hybrid diffuse optical platform for the assessment of microvasculature health in the intensive care
Authors: Zanoletti Marta , Yaqub M. Atif , Amendola Caterina , Buttafava Mauro , Carteano Talyta , Contini Davide , Cortese Lorenzo , Demarteau Luc , Frabasile Lorenzo , Guadagno Claudia Nunzia , Houtbeckers Tijl , Karadeniz Umut , Sekar Sanathana Konugolu Venkata , Lacerenza Michele , García Jacqueline Martínez , Mesquida Jaume , Pagliazzi Marco , Parsa Sharzad , García Diego Sanoja , Tomanik Jakub , Torricelli Alessandro , Tosi Alberto , Wageenar Tessa , Weigel Udo M. , Durduran Turgut
Published: June 2024

We present preliminary in-vivo validation of VASCOVID device, a hybrid diffuse optical platform designed for automatized microvasculature health assessment in the intensive care. The in-vivo validation was run on more than hundred subjects.
Secondary ischemia prevention: a hybrid diffuse optical assessment of misery perfusion risk in the context of hyperventilation
Authors: Tagliabue S. , Kacprzak M. , Serra I. , Maruccia F. , Fischer J. B. , Rey-Perez A. , Exposito L. , Baguena M. , Poca M. A. , Durduran T.
Published: June 2024

Hyperventilation (HV) can lower intracranial pressure to prevent secondary injuries in traumatic brain injury patients. Hybrid diffuse optics can detect misery perfusion, precursor of ischemia, to help guiding personalized therapy during HV. 22/27 measurement sessions (18 patients) showed MP risk.
Preliminary in vivo Clinical Validation of A Wide-field Diffuse Optical Tomography Breast Imaging System
Authors: Xu Edward , Mireles Miguel , McCann Ashlyn , Muldoon Ailis , Ragunathan Rahul , Carp Stefan , Saksena Mansi , Fang Qianqian
Published: June 2024

We report preliminary clinical data reconstruction samples of our wide-field diffuse optical tomography breast imaging system in a cohort of subjects consisting of healthy subjects, and those with malignant and benign lesions.
Investigation of human placental tissue oxygen saturation in uncomplicated and complicated pregnancy
Authors: Nguyen Thien , Park Soongho , Sodager Asma , Romero Roberto , Gandjbakhche Amir
Published: June 2024

This study measured placental tissue oxygen saturation in pregnant women using near-infrared spectroscopy biosensors. Placentas of women with complicated pregnancy were found to express significantly lower tissue oxygen saturation compared to those with uncomplicated pregnancy.
Wearable biosensor for remote monitoring of patients with infectious respiratory diseases
Authors: Nguyen Thien , Park Soongho , George Tony , Gandjbakhche Amir
Published: June 2024

This study developed a biosensor to monitor skin temperature, tissue oxygenation, respiratory and pulse rate during breath holding, paced breathing, and hypercapnia. Tissue oxygenation corresponds better to a breathing exercise than peripheral blood oxygen saturation.
Fluorescence lifetime parameters estimation with Transformer Based Deep Learning Model
Authors: Erbas Ismail , Pandey Vikas , Nizam Navid Ibtehaj , Yuan Nanxue , Intes Xavier
Published: June 2024

We introduce MFLI-Net a transformer-based deep learning model that incorporates the pixel-wise instrument response function to correct distance-related offset changes from the camera. MFLI-Net was validated using in vitro fluorescence samples placed on several heights.
Multimodal Subcellular Imaging of Lipid Metabolism Delineates Anti-Aging Effects of Metformin in Drosophila
Authors: Prayotamornkul Sirasit , Li Yajuan , Ping Yu , Callahan Matthew , Li Yuhan , Shi Lingyan
Published: June 2024

We developed a non-invasive optical imaging system, coupling deuterium oxide-probed stimulated Raman scattering with two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopies, to unveil decreased de novo lipogenesis and altered optical redox status in Drosophila treated with age-retarding metformin.
Exploring External and Internal Collagen Organization in Edematous Corneas using Polarization-Sensitive Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy
Authors: Bueno Juan M. , Martínez-Ojeda Rosa M. , Yago Inés , Ávila Francisco J.
Published: June 2024

Polarization-sensitive second harmonic (PS-SHG) imaging microscopy has been used to explore and quantify the structural changes of temporal corneal edema models. Images and inferred polarimetric calculations reveal significant differences as edema progressively increases.
Fluorescence Lifetime (FLT)-Enhanced Tumor Imaging with Biomarker-Targeted Agents
Authors: Collins Hannah , Pal Rahul , Krishnamoorthy Murali , Lwin Thinzar , Rosenthal Eben L. , Wagner Patrick , Kumar Anand T. N.
Published: June 2024

Fluorescence lifetime (FLT) imaging of biomarker-targeted probes enhances tumor identification accuracy compared to fluorescence intensity. We demonstrate using microscopy that FLT of diverse probes, acting via molecular expression or physiological biomarkers, enables cellular-resolution tumor identification.
Novel Optical Neuromonitoring of Cerebral Oxygen Delivery During Antegrade Cerebral Perfusion in Neonates
Authors: Ranieri Nicolina R. , Forti Rodrigo M. , Ko Tiffany S. , Seeney Alyssa , Mavroudis Constantine D. , Baker Wesley B. , Nicolson Susan C. , Lynch Jennifer M.
Published: June 2024

We demonstrate the feasibility of novel diffuse optical neuromonitoring to continuously quantify cerebral blood flow and oxygenation during antegrade cerebral perfusion in neonates with hypoplastic left heart syndrome during the Norwood procedure.
Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Label-free Multispectral Imaging for Detrusor Muscle Identification in Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor Procedure
Authors: Pandey Rishikesh , Fournier David , Connor Timothy O’ , Grandpre Kaylea , Root Gary , Shirvalkar Aditya , Tolkacheva Katie , Meraney Anoop , Araneta Ronald , Earle Jonathan
Published: June 2024

The identification of detrusor muscle (DM) in bladder specimens is crucial for the successful TURBT procedure. This study conducted on 103 patients demonstrates the potential of multispectral imaging in accurately identifying DM during surgery.
HyperProbe consortium: transforming neuronavigation in glioma surgery with hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Giannoni Luca , Toaha Anam , Marradi Marta , Degl’Innocenti Duccio Rossi , Ezhov Ivan , Caredda Charly , Gautheron Arthur , Fort Fernand , Schneider Fabien , Berhouma Moncef , Bonaudo Camilla , Lange Frédéric , Artemiou Angelos , Balázs Eszter , Krischak Katharina , Gordebeke Peter , Alfieri Domenico , Rückert Daniel , Montcel Bruno , Puppa Alessandro Della , Picart Thiebaud , Tachtsidis Ilias , Pavone Francesco S.
Published: June 2024

We present the HyperProbe consortium: a five-years, multinational, EU-funded project started in October, 2022, that aims at developing innovative hyperspectral imaging technologies for clinical translation. HyperProbe works towards providing highly enhanced neuronavigation during glioma resection.
The Effect of Risk Factors on the Fluorescence Lifetime in Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Ehrlich Katjana , Hadfield Kelsey T. , Hassan Mohamed A. , Kraft Lisanne , Qi Jinyi , Gui Dorina , Abouyared Marianne , Bewley Arnaud F. , Farwell D. Gregory , Birkeland Andrew C. , Marcu Laura
Published: June 2024

Employing label-free fluorescence lifetime imaging for cancer margin delineation during oropharyngeal resection surgery is impeded by molecular alterations from risk factors (alcohol, tobacco, HPV). Improved discrimination is observed in HPV-negative cancer compared to HPV-positive cases.
Autofluorescence Lifetime Imaging Resolves Metabolic Abnormalities in T cells from Lupus Patients
Authors: Wiech Kasia , Godishala Shreya , Phan Dan , Garg Shivani , Skala Melissa
Published: June 2024

Optical metabolic imaging of T cells from patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), a chronic autoimmune disorder, shows metabolic differences compared to healthy donors and reveals a moderate correlation to disease severity.
Evaluating the effect of pupil diameter change on AOSLO image quality without pupil dilation
Authors: Cui Jiahe , Villamil Maria , Ponting Samuel , Booth Martin J. , Smithson Hannah E.
Published: June 2024

We performed imaging with an adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) with a full-field intensity-modulated stimulus and no pupil dilation, and analysed how changes in pupil diameter affect AOSLO image quality.
Wide-field Optical Imaging of Evolving Cortical Activity During Operant Motor Tasks: Applications in Models of Stroke Recovery
Authors: Morris Evan W. , Padawer-Curry Jonah A. , Lieske Zachary C. , Bice Annie R. , Bauer Adam Q.
Published: June 2024

We developed a novel method to map cortical neuronal and hemodynamic activity in mice during operant motor tasks. Neural activity in visual, sensorimotor, and cognitive regions correspond to cue presentation followed by executed motor output.
Transcutaneous Red-Light and Low-Power Density Optogenetic Control of a ReaChR-Expressing Mouse Heart
Authors: Amaral Marcello Magri , Matt Abigail , Wang Fei , Gracheva Elena , Liang Hongwu , Kovacs Attila , Weinheimer Carla , Diwan Abhinav , Cui Jianmin , Rentchler Stacey , Nerbonne Jeanne , Zemlin Christian , Zhou Chao
Published: June 2024

Cardiac optogenetics is an emerging tool to treat and model arrythmia noninvasively using light. Mice expressing ReaChR in cardiac tissue are optically stimulated using novel LED array design, providing noninvasive, tunable cardiac pacing in vivo.
Nano-Liter Precision Flow Velocity Meter Using a Smartphone
Authors: Xu Weiming , Atik Abdulkadir Yasin , Beker Levent , Koydemir Hatice Ceylan
Published: June 2024

We introduced a 3D-printed smartphone-based flow velocity meter with transparent flow visualization ability. The device demonstrated versatility in measuring flow velocities across different channel types, making it a valuable tool for optimizing microfluidic designs.
Antibiotics affect the pharmacokinetics of n-butylphthalide in vivo by altering the intestinal microbiota
Authors: Li Xiangchen , Guo Xiaoli , Liu Yixin , Ren Feifei , Li Shan , Yang Xiuling , Liu Jian , Zhang Zhiqing
Published: June 2024

Objective

N-butylphthalide (NBP) is a monomeric compound extracted from natural plant celery seeds, whether intestinal microbiota alteration can modify its pharmacokinetics is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of intestinal microbiota alteration on the pharmacokinetics of NBP and its related mechanisms.

Methods

After treatment with antibiotics and probiotics, plasma NBP concentrations in SD rats were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The effect of intestinal microbiota changes on NBP pharmacokinetics was compared. Intestinal microbiota changes after NBP treatment were analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Expressions of CYP3A1 mRNA and protein in the liver and small intestine tissues under different intestinal flora conditions were determined by qRT-PCR and Western Blot. KEGG analysis was used to analyze the effect of intestinal microbiota changes on metabolic pathways.

Results

Compared to the control group, the values of Cmax, AUC0-8, AUC0-∞, t1/2 in the antibiotic group increased by 56.1% (P<0.001), 56.4% (P<0.001), 53.2% (P<0.001), and 24.4% (P<0.05), respectively. In contrast, the CL and Tmax values decreased by 57.1% (P<0.001) and 28.6% (P<0.05), respectively. Treatment with antibiotics could reduce the richness and diversity of the intestinal microbiota. CYP3A1 mRNA and protein expressions in the small intestine of the antibiotic group were 61.2% and 66.1% of those of the control group, respectively. CYP3A1 mRNA and protein expressions in the liver were 44.6% and 63.9% of those in the control group, respectively. There was no significant change in the probiotic group. KEGG analysis showed that multiple metabolic pathways were significantly down-regulated in the antibiotic group. Among them, the pathways of drug metabolism, bile acid biosynthesis and decomposition, and fatty acid synthesis and decomposition were related to NBP biological metabolism.

Conclusion

Antibiotic treatment could affect the intestinal microbiota, decrease CYP3A1 mRNA and protein expressions and increase NBP exposure in vivo by inhibiting pathways related to NBP metabolism.
EcoLiDAR: An economical LiDAR scanner for ecological research
Authors: Pereira Mendes Calebe , Lim Norman T-Lon
Published: June 2024

Despite recent popularization and widespread use in modern electronic devices, LiDAR technology remains expensive for research purposes, in part due to the very high performance offered by commercially available LiDAR scanners. However, such high performance is not always needed, and the expensive price ends up making LiDAR scanners inaccessible for research projects with reduced budget, such as those in developing countries. Here we designed and built a simple ground-based LiDAR scanner, with performance sufficient to fulfil the requirements for a variety of ecological research projects, while being cheap and easy to build. We managed to assemble a LiDAR scanner under 400 USD (as of 2021), and it is simple enough to be built by personnel with minimal engineering background. We also demonstrated the quality of the resulting point clouds by scanning a test site and producing some common LiDAR products. Although not adequate for mapping large area due to its limited range, our LiDAR design is open, customizable, and can produce adequate results while costing ~1% of “low-cost” scanners available in the market. As such, our LiDAR scanner opens a world of new opportunities, particularly for projects in developing countries.
Problem-based learning curriculum disconnect on diversity, equitable representation, and inclusion
Authors: Brondani Mario , Barlow Grace , Liu Shuwen , Kalsi Pavneet , Koonar Annika , Chen Jialin (Lydia) , Murphy Peter , Broadbent Jonathan , Brondani Bruna
Published: June 2024

Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) mission statements continue to be adopted by academic institutions in general, and by dental schools around the globe in particular. But DEI content seems to be under-developed in dental education. The objectives of this study were two-fold: to extract information from all the PBL cases at University of British Columbia’s Faculty of Dentistry curriculum in terms of the diversity, equitable representation, and inclusion of patient and provider characteristics, context, and treatment outcomes; and; to compare these findings with the composition of the British Columbia census population, dental practice contextual factors, and the evidence on treatment outcomes within patient care. Information from all the 58 PBL cases was extracted between January and March 2023, focusing on patient and provider characteristics (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity), context (e.g., type of insurance), and treatment outcomes (e.g., successful/unsuccessful). This information was compared with the available literature. From all the 58 PBL cases, 0.4% included non-straight patients, while at least 4% of BC residents self-identify as non-straight; there were no cases involving First Nations patients although they make up 6% of the British Columbia population. Less than 10% of the cases involved older adults who make up almost 20% of the population. Only Treatments involving patients without a disability were 5.74 times more likely to be successful compared to those involving patients with a disability (p<0.05). The characteristics of the patients, practice context, and treatment outcomes portrayed in the existing PBL cases seem to differ from what is known about the composition of the British Columbia population, treatment outcome success, and practice context; a curriculum disconnect seems to exist. The PBL cases should be revised to better represent the population within which most students will practice.
Prosthesis usability experience is associated with extent of upper limb prosthesis adoption: A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis
Authors: Resnik Linda J. , Borgia Matthew , Graczyk Emily L. , Barth Jessica , Ni Pengsheng
Published: June 2024

Factors associated with upper limb prosthesis adoption are not well understood. In this study, we explored how prosthesis usability experience relates to the extent of prosthesis adoption through the development of a structural equation model (SEM). First, items related to prosthesis usability were developed and refined using cognitive testing and pilot testing and employed in a survey of 402 prosthesis users (mean age 61.7 (sd 14.4), 77.1% Veterans). The SEM examined two unidimensional latent constructs: Prosthesis Usability Experience and Prosthesis Adoption–and each had multiple measured indicators. SEMs tested direct as well as moderating and mediating effects between the latent constructs and covariates related to demographics and prosthesis type. SEM found a significant positive association between Prosthesis Usability Experience and Extent of Prosthesis Adoption. Several covariates had direct effects on prosthesis adoption: 1) Extent of Prosthesis Adoption was lower for those with transhumeral and shoulder amputation, and higher for those with bilateral amputation, compared to the reference group with unilateral transradial amputation and 2) Myoelectric multiple degree of freedom (multi-DOF) prosthesis use was associated with lower Extent of Prosthesis Adoption, compared to body-powered prosthesis use. Myoelectric multi-DOF use also modified the effect of Prosthesis Usability Experience on Extent of Prosthesis Adoption. For those with bilateral ULA, the strength of the relationship between Prosthesis Usability Experience and Extent of Prosthesis Adoption was reduced. Findings suggest that in order to increase prosthesis adoption, prosthetics developers and rehabilitation providers should focus on implementing strategies to improve prosthesis usability experience. New Prosthesis Usability Experience measures could be used to identify persons at greater risk for poor prosthesis adoption and target interventions to increase prosthesis use.
The Reddit cannabis subjective highness rating scale: Applying computational social science to explore psychological and environmental correlates of naturalistic cannabis use
Authors: Meacham Meredith C. , Nobles Alicia L. , Bone Carlton ‘CB’ , Gilbert Michael , Thrul Johannes
Published: June 2024

Social media data provide unprecedented access to discussions of active, naturalistic, and often real-time cannabis use in an era of cannabis policy liberalization. The aim of this study was to explore psychological and environmental correlates of cannabis effects by applying computational social science approaches to a large dataset of unprompted reports of naturalistic cannabis use with corresponding self-reported numerical ratings of subjective highness. Post title text was extracted via the Pushshift dataset from N = 328,865 posts to the r/trees Reddit community, where posters self-assess and disclose how high they feel on a scale from 1 to 10 (M= 6.9,SD= 1.8). Structural topic modelling and Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) dictionary-based approaches were applied to identify (1) frequently discussed topics and (2) text indicative of 5 psychological processes (affective, social, cognitive, perceptual, biological), respectively, as well as to examine relationships between subjective highness and (1) topic prevalence and (2) psychological process word counts. A 40-topic model was selected for interpretation based on semantic coherence and exclusivity. The most discussed topics in a 40-topic model were characterized by references to smoking places, social contexts, positive affect, cognitive states, as well as food and media consumed. In LIWC dictionary analyses, words mentioning affective, social, and cognitive processes were referenced more often than perceptual or body processes. Posters reported greater subjective highness when using language that referred to in-person social environments and lower subjective highness when using language that referred to online social environments and positive affect psychological states. This examination of unprompted online reports of naturalistic cannabis use identified textual content referring to affect and to other people as being associated with perceived effects of cannabis. These affective and social aspects of the cannabis use experience were salient to active posters in this online community and should be integrated into experience sampling methods and behavioral pharmacology research, as well as public health messaging.
Influence of frailty on cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Study protocol for a multicentre European observational study
Authors: Verduri Alessia , Clini Enrico , Carter Ben , Hewitt Jonathan
Published: June 2024

Background

Frailty is a clinical state that increases susceptibility to minor stressor events. The risk of frailty is higher in chronic conditions, such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Recent studies on COPD have shown that patients living with frailty have an increased risk of mortality. The presence of cardiovascular diseases or conditions are common in COPD and may increase the risk of death.

Methods

This protocol describes a European prospective cohort study of community-based people, in a stable condition with diagnosis of COPD (as defined by GOLD guidelines) across hospitals in Italy and UK. Frailty prevalence will be assessed using the Clinical Frailty Scale. At 1- and 2-year follow up, primary outcome will be the impact of frailty on the number of cardiovascular events; secondary outcomes: the influence of frailty on cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, and deaths due to COPD. For the primary outcome a zero-inflated Poisson regression will compare the number of cardiovascular events at 1 year. Secondary outcomes will be analysed using the time to mortality.

Discussion

This multicentre study will assess the association between frailty and cardiovascular events and mortality in population with COPD. Data collection is prospective and includes routine clinical data. This research will have important implications for the management of patients with COPD to improve their quality of care, and potentially prognosis.

Trial registration number

NCT05922202 (www.clinicaltrials.gov).
The role of veterinary diagnostic laboratories during COVID-19 response in the United States
Authors: Clements Nia , Diel Diego G. , Elvinger François , Koretzky Gary , Siler Julie , Warnick Lorin D.
Published: June 2024

Robust testing capacity was necessary for public health agencies to respond to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. As the nation faced the need for robust testing capacity, it became necessary to use all possible resources. In many cases, veterinary diagnostic laboratories rose to meet this demand because these facilities routinely perform high throughput diagnostic testing of large animal populations and are typically familiar with pathogens of high pandemic concern. In this study, we evaluated the impact of veterinary diagnostic laboratories in the United States on SARS-CoV-2 testing. Results of surveys, semi-structured interviews, and analysis of publicly available information showed that veterinary diagnostic laboratories had a substantial impact on human health through population-level testing in the COVID-19 response, supporting timely and informed public health interventions. This success was not without significant hurdles, as many participating veterinary diagnostic laboratories experienced restriction in their response due to difficulties obtaining the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) certification required to conduct human diagnostic testing. Our results point out the importance of reducing hurdles before the next major public health emergency to enhance access to testing resources overall and to ultimately improve population health.
ACE gene polymorphism and susceptibility to hypertension in a Jordanian adult population
Authors: AL-Eitan Laith , Al-Khaldi Sara , Ibdah Rasheed k.
Published: June 2024

Hypertension is one of the most common and complicated disorders associated with genetic and environmental risk factors. The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is important in the renin-angiotensin-system pathway. The gene expression of ACE has been investigated as a possible hypertension marker. This study investigates the association between polymorphisms within the ACE1 and ACE2 genes and hypertension susceptibility in a Jordanian population. The study comprised a total of 200 hypertensive patients and 180 healthy controls. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to genotype the candidate polymorphism (rs4646994) of the ACE1gene. The Luminex DNA array technique was used for genotyping SNPs (rs4359, rs4344, rs4341, rs4343, and rs2106809) of the ACE1 and ACE2 genes. Our findings suggest no association between SNPs and hypertension regarding allelic and genotypic frequencies. However, rs4359 was significantly associated with diet (pP = 0.049), know HTN (P = 0.042), and number of years DM (P = 0.003). rs4341 was associated with diet (P = 0.032), peripheral vascular disease (P = 0.005), and chronic kidney disease (p = 0.049). While rs4343 was associated with diet (P = 0.031), diabetes mellitus (P = 0.032), and other medication (P = 0.025). Furthermore, the haplotypes of four SNPs of the ACE1 gene showed no significant association with HTN patients and healthy controls. Our findings indicate no association between the polymorphisms in the ACE gene and the risk of hypertension development in the Jordanian adult population.
Study protocol for ADHERE (Applying Directly observed therapy to HydroxyurEa to Realize Effectiveness): Using small business partnerships to deliver a scalable and novel hydroxyurea adherence solution to youth with sickle cell disease
Authors: Walden Joseph , Brown Lauren , Seiguer Sebastian , Munshaw Katie , Rausch Joseph , Badawy Sherif , McGann Patrick , Winkler Savannah , Gonzalez Lisbel , Creary Susan
Published: June 2024

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder that affects approximately 100,000 Americans, primarily from underrepresented racial minority populations, and results in costly, multi-organ complications. Hydroxyurea, the primary disease-modifying therapy for SCD, is effective at reducing most complications; however, adherence to hydroxyurea remains suboptimal and is the primary barrier to clinical effectiveness. Video directly observed therapy (VDOT) has shown promise as an adherence-promoting intervention for hydroxyurea, yet previous VDOT trials were limited by high attrition from gaps in technology access, use of unvalidated adherence measures, and healthcare system limitations of delivering VDOT to patients. As such, we fostered a small business partnership to compare VDOT for hydroxyurea to attention control to address previous shortcomings, promote equitable trial participation, and maximize scalability. VDOT will be administered by Scene Health (formerly emocha Health) and adherence monitoring will be performed using a novel electronic adherence monitor developed to meet the unique needs of the target population. Adolescent and young adult patients as well as caregivers of younger patients (<11 years of age) will be recruited. In addition to visit incentives, all participants will be offered a smartphone with a data plan to ensure all participants have equal opportunity to complete study activities. The primary objectives of this pilot, multi-center, randomized controlled trial (RCT) are to assess retention and sustained engagement and to explore needs and preferences for longer-term adherence monitoring and interventions. This RCT is registered with the National Institutes of Health (NCT06264700). Findings will inform a future efficacy RCT applying VDOT to hydroxyurea to address adherence gaps and improve outcomes within this vulnerable population.
Analysis and simulation study of the HIV/AIDS model using the real cases
Authors: Meetei Mutum Zico , DarAssi Mahmoud H. , Altaf Khan Muhammad , Koam Ali N. A. , Alzahrani Ebraheem , Ali H. Ahmadini Abdullah
Published: June 2024

We construct a model to investigate HIV/AIDS dynamics in real cases and study its mathematical analysis. The study examines the qualitative outcomes and confirms the local and global asymptotic stability of both the endemic equilibrium and the disease-free equilibrium. The model’s criteria for exhibiting both local and global asymptotically stable behavior are examined. We compute the endemic equilibria and obtain the existence of a unique positive endemic equilibrium. The data is fitted to the model using the idea of nonlinear least-squares fitting. Accurate parameter values are achieved by fitting the data to the model using a 95% confidence interval. The basic reproduction number is computed using parameters that have been fitted or estimated. Sensitivity analysis is performed to discover the influential parameters that impact the reproduction number and the eradication of the disease. The results show that implementing preventive measures can reduce HIV/AIDS cases.
Intra- and inter-operator reliability of measuring compressive stiffness of the patellar tendon in volleyball players using a handheld digital palpation device
Authors: van Dam Lotte , Terink Rieneke , van den Akker-Scheek Inge , Zwerver Johannes
Published: June 2024

This observational study aimed to evaluate the intra- and inter-operator reliability of a digital palpation device in measuring compressive stiffness of the patellar tendon at different knee angles in talent and elite volleyball players. Second aim was to examine differences in reliability when measuring at different knee angles, between dominant and non-dominant knees, between sexes, and with age. Two operators measured stiffness at the midpoint of the patellar tendon in 45 Dutch volleyball players at 0°, 45° and 90° knee flexion, on both the dominant and non-dominant side. We found excellent intra-operator reliability (ICC>0.979). For inter-operator reliability, significant differences were found in stiffness measured between operators (p<0.007). The coefficient of variance significantly decreased with increasing knee flexion (2.27% at 0°, 1.65% at 45° and 1.20% at 90°, p<0.001). In conclusion, the device appeared to be reliable when measuring compressive stiffness of the patellar tendon in elite volleyball players, especially at 90° knee flexion. Inter-operator reliability appeared to be questionable. More standardized positioning and measurement protocols seem necessary.
Genome-wide association analysis of four yield-related traits using a maize (Zea mays L.) F1 population
Authors: Zhang Yong , Zeng Ziru , Tuo Feifei , Yue Jin , Wang Zhu , Jiang Weiming , Chen Xue , Wei Xianya , Niu Qunkai
Published: June 2024

Increasing the yield of maize F1 hybrid is one of the most important target for breeders. However, as a result of the genetic complexity and extremely low heritability, it is very difficult to directly dissect the genetic basis and molecular mechanisms of yield, and reports on genetic analysis of F1 hybrid yield are rare. Taking F1 hybrid as the research object and dividing the yield into different affect factors, this approach may be the best strategy for clarifying the genetic mechanism of yield. Therefore, in this study, a maize F1 population consisting of 300 hybrids with 17,652 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) markers was used for genome-wide association study (GWAS) to filtrate candidate genes associated with the four yield-related traits, i.e., kernel row number (KRN), kernel number per row (KNPR), ear tip-barrenness (ETB), and hundred kernel weight (HKW). Combined with the results of previous studies and functional annotation information of candidate genes, a total of six candidate genes were identified as being associated with the four traits, which were involved in plant growth and development, protein synthesis response, phytohormone biosynthesis and signal transduction. Our results improve the understanding of the genetic basis of the four yield-related traits and may be provide a new strategy for the genetic basis of maize yield.
The realization logic of rural revitalization: Coupled coordination analysis of development and governance
Authors: Xiang Hongxun , Zhai Boleng , Yang Yang
Published: June 2024

Background

Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new stage. The principal social contradiction is the uneven development of urban and rural areas. The rural revitalization strategy has emerged as time has required. The realization of rural revitalization not only requires development to lay the foundation of the countryside but also requires governance to lead the development of the countryside. Development and governance are two indispensable aspects of rural revitalization. However, China’s rural areas have long been in a state of development without governance, and this situation must change. Therefore, systematically exploring the relationship between development and governance is the key to solving the current shortcomings in rural areas.

Methods

Based on the data from the statistical yearbook, the study constructed a set of evaluation indicators for rural development governance and revitalization and verified the model’s effectiveness.The entropy method and the assessment model were used to calculate the comprehensive score of rural development, governance, and revitalization. The relationship between rural development and governance was analyzed using a coupled coordination model. The regression analysis model was used to explore the relationship between the coupling results of rural development, governance, and rural revitalization.

Results

From the comprehensive results, both development and governance show an upward trend, but the upward trend of development is better. From the analysis of coupling coordination between development and governance, the C value is in good condition, the T value fluctuates wildly, and the D fluctuates with the fluctuation of T. Judging from the comprehensive score of rural revitalization, it also shows an upward trend year by year. Judging from the regression analysis results of coupling coordination degree and rural revitalization comprehensive score, coupling coordination degree will significantly impact the rural revitalization evaluation value.

Conclusions

The study found that current rural development and governance present a spiral coupling coordination relationship, and the degree of coupling coordination significantly correlates with rural revitalization. Based on the research conclusions, the study further proposes three paths to promote the coupling and coordination of development and governance. The first is an organizational isomorphism, which builds a coupled coordination system for rural development and governance. The second is to tilt resources and improve the supply of connected and coordinated factors for rural development and governance. The third is the operating mechanism to optimize rural development and governance’s coupling and coordination path.
The characteristics and risk of obesity central and concomitant impaired fasting glucose: Findings from a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liberty Iche Andriyani , Septadina Indri Seta , Mariana  , Novita Emma , Amalia Resi , Ananingsih Esti Sri , Hasyim Hamzah , Hanifah Laily
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Obesity is associated with concomitant chronic conditions. An early metabolic consequence of obesity is disruption of glucose and insulin homeostasis. One of the consequences is impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Visceral fat is metabolically more harmful than subcutaneous fat, but few information is available regarding the association between the risk of abnormal glucose in increased waist circumference.

Methods

This study is based on a cross sectional of 1,381 population-based from Palembang, Indonesia.

The eligibility requirements subject were to be older than 18 and consent to taking fasting glucose and lipid profile tests as well as physical exams measuring their body weight, height, blood pressure, abdominal circumference, and waist circumference.

Results

The number of subjects consisting of 798 noncentral obesity with normoglycemia, 376 central obesity with normoglycemia, and 207 central obesity with concomitant IFG. The prevalence central obesity with concomitant IFG was 35.51%. In subjects with central obesity, there were significant differences in proportions based on sex, age, marital status, education, and occupation. In multivariate analysis show that the risk factors that contribute to having a significant association with central obesity with concomitant IFG are sex (female), age (>40 years), blood pressure (hypertension), and HDL-C <50 mg/dL (p<0.001). The analysis also founded that there was a significant difference in the dietary pattern of sweet foods (p = 0.018), sweet drinks (p = 0.002), soft drinks (p = 0.001) and smoking habit (p<0.001) between subjects with obesity central and concomitant IFG compared to subjects with noncentral obesity. The majority of subjects with obesity central and concomitant IFG had consuming these risky foods >6 times/week.

Conclusion

The prevalence of central obesity with IFG is quite high. There are significant differences in the characteristics, lipid profile, blood pressure, dietary pattern, and smoking habit of central obesity with concomitant IFG was confirmed in this population-based observational study.