bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
mulher do calendário
Authors: Gomes Francisco Wellington Borges , Santos Jaqueline Silva , Lima Caroline Bezerra
Published: November 2021

Consideramos que as pesquisas sobre multimodalidade ganham cada vez mais espaço dentro dos estudos linguísticos, de modo que os aspectos imagéticos são essenciais para a construção dos significados, na qual a imagem atua como elemento semiótico cada vez mais relevante. Neste artigo, analisamos as relações multimodais envolvidas na constituição dos sentidos veiculados pela construção e propagação de estereótipos femininos em edições do calendário Campari. Para isso, amostras de imagens de três edições do calendário de 2015, 2016 e 2017, são analisadas.  Nas análises, focalizamos as relações multimodais utilizando os preceitos da Teoria da Multimodalidade (KRESS; VAN LEEUWEN, 2001; KRESS, 2010) e explorando as categorias da Gramática do Design Visual (KRESS; VAN LEEUWEN, 2006). Os resultados revelaram que as relações multimodais carregam uma representação feminina aparentemente menos estereotipada dentro da mídia, criando superficialmente  a imagem de que há um desligamento de alguns padrões hegemônicos impostos à mulher.  Contudo, um olhar mais profundo revelou que a mulher continua sendo representada como algo objetificado e submisso tanto ao leitor quanto a outros participantes representados na imagem, revelando que mudanças profundas nos estereótipos divulgados pela mídia e pelo gênero calendário feminino ainda precisam ser adotadas para que imagens de igualdade entre os gêneros sejam realmente incorporadas pela publicidade.
Artículo 48 del Código penal, ¿justicia versus delincuencia?
Authors: Vargas Escolero Henry Marcel
Published: November 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 53, No. 597-598, 1998: 662-665.
La PPDDH
Authors: De Derechos Humanos Instituto
Published: November 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 53, No. 597-598, 1998: 666-674.
PENTINGNYA STOCK OPNAME KOLEKSI PERPUSTAKAAN IPDN KAMPUS JAKARTA
Authors: PRATALA BOGA
Published: November 2021

This research discusses about stock opname collection at IPDN Kampus Jakarta. The purpose of this study was determining the advantages and disadvantages of stock opname collections. This activity uses a qualitative method in the form of case study. Data collection was conducted by the observation, interview, documentation. There were three informants in this study, namely the principal, teacher, and library staff. The results of this study indicate that the librarian of IPDN Kampus Jakarta did stock opname with the method of list / registration containing the parent number. The advantage of this research is knowing the condition of library materials in order to take eradication measures for collections that are not feasible, so that the development of collections can be done, making it easier to find library materials. On the other hand, it requires a short amount of data collection time, people cannot borrow collections during the activity. It can be concluded that stock opname library collection of IPDN Kampus Jakarta just use the register/ registration method containing the parent number. By doing this stock opname of IPDN Kampus Jakarta, the real collection of library could be found out.

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas tentang stock opname di Kampus IPDN Jakarta. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelebihan dan kekurangan dari koleksi stock opname. Kegiatan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif berupa studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi. Ada tiga informan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu kepala sekolah, guru, dan staf perpustakaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perpustakaan Kampus IPDN Jakarta melakukan stock opname dengan metode daftar/registrasi berisi nomor induk. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kondisi bahan pustaka agar dapat dilakukan tindakan pemberantasan terhadap koleksi yang tidak layak, sehingga dapat dilakukan pengembangan koleksi, sehingga memudahkan dalam mencari bahan pustaka. Di sisi lain, membutuhkan waktu pengumpulan data yang singkat, orang tidak dapat meminjam koleksi selama kegiatan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa stock opname koleksi perpustakaan Kampus IPDN Jakarta hanya menggunakan metode register/registrasi yang memuat nomor induk. Dengan melakukan stock opname Kampus IPDN Jakarta ini, dapat diketahui koleksi perpustakaan yang sebenarnya.
Satellite measurements of peroxyacetyl nitrate from the Cross-Track Infrared Sounder: Comparison with ATom aircraft measurements
Authors: Payne Vivienne H. , Kulawik Susan S. , Fischer Emily V. , Brewer Jared F. , Huey L. Gregory , Miyazaki Kazuyuki , Worden John R. , Bowman Kevin W. , Hintsa Eric J. , Moore Fred , Elkins James W. , Juncosa Calahorrano Julieta
Published: November 2021

Abstract. We present an overview of an optimal estimation algorithm to retrieve peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) from single field of view Level 1B radiances measured by the Cross-Track Infrared Sounder (CrIS). CrIS PAN retrievals show peak sensitivity in the mid-troposphere, with degrees of freedom for signal less than or equal to 1.0. We show comparisons with two sets of aircraft measurements from the Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom), the PAN and Trace Hydrohalocarbon ExpeRiment (PANTHER) and the Georgia Tech Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (GT-CIMS). We find a systematic difference between the two aircraft datasets, with vertically averaged mid-tropospheric values from the GT-CIMS around 14 % lower than equivalent values from the PANTHER. However, the two sets of aircraft measurements are strongly correlated (R2 value of 0.92) and do provide a consistent view of the large-scale variation of PAN. We demonstrate that the retrievals of PAN from CrIS show skill in measurement of these large-scale PAN distributions in the remote mid-troposphere compared to the retrieval prior. The standard deviation of individual CrIS-aircraft differences is 0.08 ppbv, which we take as an estimate of the uncertainty of the CrIS mid-tropospheric PAN for a single satellite field of view. The standard deviation of the CrIS-aircraft comparisons for averaged CrIS retrievals (median of 20 satellite co-incidences with each aircraft profile) is lower, at 0.05 ppbv. This would suggest that the retrieval error reduces with averaging, although not with the square root of the number of observations. We find a negative bias of order 0.1 ppbv in the CrIS PAN results with respect to the aircraft measurements. This bias does not appear to show a dependence on latitude or season.
Estuarine morphodynamics and development modified by floodplain formation
Authors: Kleinhans Maarten G. , Roelofs Lonneke , Weisscher Steven A. H. , Lokhorst Ivar R. , Braat Lisanne
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Rivers and estuaries are flanked by floodplains built by mud and vegetation. Floodplains affect channel dynamics and the overall system's pattern through apparent cohesion in the channel banks and through filling of accommodation space and hydraulic resistance. For rivers, effects of mud, vegetation and the combination are thought to stabilise the banks and narrow the channel. However, the thinness of mudflats and salt marsh in estuaries compared to channel depth raises questions about the effects of floodplain as constraints on estuary dimensions. To test these effects, we created three estuaries in a tidal flume: one with mud, one with recruitment events of two live vegetation species and a control with neither. Both mud and vegetation reduced channel migration and bank erosion and stabilised channels and bars. Effects of vegetation include local flow velocity reduction and concentration of flow into the channels, while flow velocities remained higher over mudflats. On the other hand, the lower reach of the muddy estuary showed more reduced channel migration than the vegetated estuary. The main system-wide effect of mudflats and salt marsh is to reduce the tidal prism over time from upstream to downstream. The landward reach of the estuary narrows and fills progressively, particularly for the muddy estuary, which effectively shortens the tidally influenced reach and also reduces the tidal energy in the seaward reach and mouth area.
Improved representation of the contemporary Greenland ice sheet firn layer by IMAU-FDM v1.2G
Authors: Brils Max , Kuipers Munneke Peter , van de Berg Willem Jan , van den Broeke Michiel
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The firn layer that covers 90 % of the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) plays an important role in determining the response of the ice sheet to climate change. Meltwater can percolate into the firn layer and refreeze at greater depths, thereby temporarily preventing mass loss. However, as global warming leads to increasing surface melt, more surface melt may refreeze in the firn layer, thereby reducing the capacity to buffer subsequent episodes of melt. This can lead to a tipping point in meltwater runoff. It is therefore important to study the evolution of the Greenland firn layer in the past, present and future. In this study, we present the latest version of our firn model, IMAU-FDM (Firn Densification Model), with an application to the GrIS. We improved the density of freshly fallen snow, the dry-snow densification rate and the firn's thermal conductivity using recently published parameterizations and by calibrating to an extended set of observations of firn density, temperature and liquid water content at the GrIS. Overall, the updated model settings lead to higher firn air content and higher 10 m firn temperatures, owing to a lower density near the surface. The effect of the new model settings on the surface elevation change is investigated through three case studies located at Summit, KAN-U and FA-13. Most notably, the updated model shows greater inter- and intra-annual variability in elevation and an increased sensitivity to climate forcing.
CondiDiag1.0: A ﬂexible online diagnostic tool for conditional sampling and budget analysis in the E3SM atmosphere model (EAM)
Authors: Wan Hui , Zhang Kai , Rasch Philip J. , Larson Vincent E. , Zeng Xubin , Zhang Shixuan , Dixon Ross
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Numerical models used in weather and climate prediction take into account a comprehensive set of atmospheric processes such as the resolved and unresolved fluid dynamics, radiative transfer, cloud and aerosol life cycles, and mass or energy exchanges with the Earth's surface. In order to identify model deficiencies and improve predictive skills, it is important to obtain process-level understanding of the interactions between different processes. Conditional sampling and budget analysis are powerful tools for process-oriented model evaluation, but they often require tedious ad hoc coding and large amounts of instantaneous model output, resulting in inefficient use of human and computing resources. This paper presents an online diagnostic tool that addresses this challenge by monitoring model variables in a generic manner as they evolve within the time integration cycle. The tool is convenient to use. It allows users to select sampling conditions and specify monitored variables at run time. Both the evolving values of the model variables and their increments caused by different atmospheric processes can be monitored and archived. Online calculation of vertical integrals is also supported. Multiple sampling conditions can be monitored in a single simulation in combination with unconditional sampling. The paper explains in detail the design and implementation of the tool in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) version 1. The usage is demonstrated through three examples: a global budget analysis of dust aerosol mass concentration, a composite analysis of sea salt emission and its dependency on surface wind speed, and a conditionally sampled relative humidity budget. The tool is expected to be easily portable to closely related atmospheric models that use the same or similar data structures and time integration methods.
LAND-SUITE V1.0: a suite of tools for statistically-based landslide susceptibility zonation
Authors: Rossi Mauro , Bornaetxea Txomin , Reichenbach Paola
Published: November 2021

Abstract. In the past 50 years, a large variety of statistically-based models and methods for landslide susceptibility mapping and zonation have been proposed in the literature. The methods, applicable to a large range of spatial scales, use a large variety of input thematic data, different model combinations and several approaches to evaluate the models performance. Despite the numerous applications available in the literature, a standard approach for susceptibility modelling and zonation is still missing. The literature search revealed that several articles describe tools that apply physically based models for susceptibility zonation, but only few use statistically-based approaches. Among them, LAND-SE (LANDslide Susceptibility Evaluation) provides the possibility to perform and combine different statistical susceptibility models, and to evaluate their performances and associated uncertainties. This paper describes the structure and the functionalities of LAND-SUITE, a suite of tools for statistically-based landslide susceptibility modelling which integrate, extend and complete LAND-SE. LAND-SUITE is able to: i) facilitate input data preparation; ii) perform preliminary and exploratory analysis of the available data; iii) test different combinations of variables and select the optimal thematic/explanatory set; iv) test different model types and their combinations; and v) evaluate the models performance and uncertainty. LAND-SUITE provides a tool that can assist the user to reduce some common source of errors coming from the data preparatory phase, and to perform more easily, more flexible and more informed statistically-based landslide susceptibility applications.
Influence of drop size distribution and kinetic energy in precipitation modelling for laboratory rainfall simulators
Authors: Ramli Harris , Mohd Yusoff Siti Aimi Nadia , Azmi Mastura , Sabtu Nuridah , Hezmi Muhd Azril
Published: November 2021

Abstract. It is difficult to define the hydrologic and hydraulic characteristics of rain for research purposes, especially when trying to replicate natural rainfall using artificial rain on a small laboratory scale model. The aim of this paper was to use a drip-type rainfall simulator to design, build, calibrate, and run a simulated rainfall. Rainfall intensities of 40, 60 and 80 mm/h were used to represent heavy rainfall events of 1-hour duration. Flour pellet methods were used to obtain the drop size distribution of the simulated rainfall. The results show that the average drop size for all investigated rainfall intensities ranges from 3.0–3.4 mm. The median value of the drop size distribution or known as D50 of simulated rainfall for 40, 60 and 80 mm/h are 3.4, 3.6, and 3.7 mm, respectively. Due to the comparatively low drop height (1.5 m), the terminal velocities monitored were between 63–75 % (8.45–8.65 m/s), which is lower than the value for natural rainfall with more than 90 % for terminal velocities. This condition also reduces rainfall kinetic energy of 25.88–28.51 J/m2mm compared to natural rainfall. This phenomenon is relatively common in portable rainfall simulators, representing the best exchange between all relevant rainfall parameters obtained with the given simulator set-up. Since the rainfall can be controlled, the erratic and unpredictable changeability of natural rainfall is eliminated. Emanating from the findings, drip-types rainfall simulator produces rainfall characteristics almost similar to natural rainfall-like characteristic is the main target.
Coupled effects of observation and parameter uncertainty on urban groundwater infrastructure decisions
Authors: Mautner Marina R. L. , Foglia Laura , Herman Jonathan D.
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Urban groundwater management requires complex environmental models to represent interactions between hydrogeological processes and infrastructure systems. While the impacts of external uncertainties have been widely studied, there is limited understanding of how decision support is altered by endogenous uncertainties arising from model parameters and observations used for calibration. This study investigates (1) the importance of observation choice and parameter values on aquifer management objectives when controlling for model error, and (2) how the relative performance of management alternatives varies when exposed to endogenous uncertainties, individually and in combination. We use a spatially distributed groundwater model of the Valley of Mexico, where aquifer management alternatives include demand management, targeted infiltration, and wastewater reuse. The effects of uncertainty are evaluated using global sensitivity analysis, performance ranking of alternatives under a range of human-natural parameters, and identification of behavioral parameter sets filtered with an error metric calculated from varying subsets of observations. Results show that the parameters governing hydraulic conductivity and total water use in the basin have the greatest effect on management objectives. Model errors are not necessarily controlled by the same parameters as the objectives needed for decision-making. Additionally, observational and parameter uncertainty each play a larger role in objective variation than the management alternatives themselves. Finally, coupled endogenous uncertainties have amplifying effects on decision-making, leading to larger variations in the ranking of management alternatives than each on their own. This study highlights how the uncertain parameters of a physically-based model and their interactions with uncertain observations can affect water supply planning decisions in densely populated urban areas.
A review of the applicability of the Motivations and Abilities (MOTA) framework for assessing the implementation success of water resources management plans and policies
Authors: Conallin John , Ning Nathan , Bond Jennifer , Pawsey Nicholas , Baumgartner Lee , Atminarso Dwi , McPherson Hannah , Robinson Wayne , Thorncraft Garry
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Implementation failure is widely acknowledged as a major impediment to the success of water resource plans and policies, yet there are very few proactive approaches available for analysing potential implementation issues during the planning stage. The Motivations and Abilities (MOTA) framework was established to address this planning stage gap, by offering a multi-stakeholder, multi-level approach to evaluate the implementation feasibility of plans and policies. MOTA is a stepwise process focusing on the relationship between trigger, motivation, and ability. Here we outline the base model of the MOTA framework and review existing MOTA applications in assorted water resource management contexts. From our review we identify the strengths and limitations of the MOTA framework in various institutional implementation and social adoptability contexts. Our findings indicate that the existing MOTA base model framework has been successful in identifying the motivations and abilities of the stakeholders involved in a range of bottom-up water resource planning contexts, and in subsequently providing insight into the types of capacity- or consent-building strategies needed for effective implementation. We propose several complementary add-in applications to complement the base model, which specific applications may benefit from. Specifically, the incorporation of formal context and stakeholder analyses during the problem definition stage (Step 1), could provide a more considered basis for designing the latter steps within the MOTA analyses. In addition, the resolution of the MOTA analyses could be enhanced by developing more nuanced scoring approaches, or by adopting empirically proven ones from well-established published models. Through setting the base model application, additional add-in applications can easily be added to enhance different aspects of the analysis while still maintaining comparability with other MOTA applications. With a robust base model and a suite of add-in applications, there is great potential for the MOTA framework to become a staple tool for optimising implementation success in any water planning and policy-making context.
A seismologist's beginnings: Inge Lehmann's experiences during the 1910s and '20s as a woman in science
Authors: Jacobsen Lif
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Celebrated for her 1936 discovery of the Earth’s inner core, seismologist Inge Lehmann (1888–1993) has often been portrayed as a trailblazing female scientist, unwilling to accept discrimination in her pursuit of an academic profession. Yet, a close reading of her experiences suggests that Lehmann faced severe restrictions early on in her career. Only by being pragmatic about her situation did she successfully establish herself as a professional scientist. Having attended a progressive co-educational school before studying mathematics at the University of Copenhagen, Lehmann had little direct experience of gender discrimination. After receiving her bachelor’s degree, she entered Cambridge University in 1911, along with Niels Bohr, but found herself unprepared for the gendered social segregation practiced there. Exhausted from overwork, Lehman abandoned her studies and returned to Denmark. Over the next six years, she came to understand how severely her gender limited her career options. In 1918, Inge Lehman returned to the University of Copenhagen to complete her studies, and became a teaching assistant for a professor of actuarial science in 1923. Because her chances for obtaining a scientific post at the university were slim, she joined Professor Niels Erik Nørlund in his efforts to reform the Danish Geodetic Service. In 1928, Professor Nørlund rewarded Lehmann's voluntary change of academic discipline from mathematics to seismology by appoint her as Director of the Seismology Department.
Assessing tropical cyclone compound flood risk using hydrodynamic modelling: a case study in Haikou City, China
Authors: Liu Qing , Xu Hanqing , Wang Jun
Published: November 2021

Abstract. The co-occurrence of storm tide and rainstorm during tropical cyclones (TCs) can lead to compound flooding in low-lying coastal regions. The assessment of TC compound flood risk can provide vital insight for research on coastal flooding prevention. This study investigates TC compound flooding by constructing a storm surge model and overland flooding model using Delft3D Flexible Mesh (DFM), illustrating the serious consequences from the perspective of storm tide. Based on the probability distribution of storm tide, this study regards TC1415 as the 100-year event, TC6311 as the 50-year event, TC8616 as the 25-year event, TC8007 as the 10-year event, and TC7109 as the 5-year event. The results indicate that the coastal area is a major floodplain, primarily due to storm tide, with the inundation severity positively correlated with the height of the storm tide. For 100-year TC event, the inundation area with a depth above 1.0 m increases by approximately 2.5 times when compared with 5-year TC event. The comparison of single-driven flood (storm tide flooding and rainstorm inundation) and compound flood hazards shows that simply accumulating every single-driven flood hazard to define the compound flood hazard may cause underestimation. For future research on compound flooding, copula function can be adopted to investigate the joint occurrence of storm tide and rainstorm to reveal the severity of extreme TC flood hazards.
Geoscientific Characterization and Interpretation (Geosynthesis) within the Preliminary Safety Assessment in the German Site-Selection Procedure for a High-level Nuclear Waste Repository
Authors: Reiche Sönke , Fink Reinhard , Nilius Nils-Peter
Published: November 2021

Abstract. After implementation of the Repository Site Selection Act (StandAG) in 2017,
the Federal Company for Radioactive Waste Disposal (BGE), as the German waste
management organization, started the site selection procedure for a nuclear
repository for high-level radioactive waste in Germany. On the way towards the
repository site with the best possible safety, the site selection procedure is
required to be a participatory, transparent, learning and self-questioning
process based on scientific expertise. With the Subareas Interim Report
published in 2020, first results were presented outlining subareas with
favourable geological conditions in preparation for defining the siting
regions for surface exploration. Currently, one of the main tasks in the site selection procedure is to
establish a detailed geoscientific synthesis (Geosynthesis) for each
subarea. The Geosynthesis contains all geological information for the
characterization of each subarea and hence serves as the foundation for the
subsequent analysis within the representative preliminary safety assessments
(rvSU) and the geoscientific consideration criteria. Based on this
information, all areas within the subareas will be evaluated to find the
siting regions for surface exploration. The Geosynthesis includes a description of the regional geology focusing on
the host rock, the overburden and relevant geological processes that may
affect the potential nuclear waste repository in the next 1 million years. The
data for the Geosynthesis are mostly compiled from state authorities and
include 3-D geologic models, regional maps and cross-sections, bore hole data
(e.g. geophysical logs) and seismic data. Furthermore, it is necessary to
digitize, process, interpret and evaluate the aforementioned data using the
available knowledge from the scientific literature in the context of the site
selection procedure.
In situ corrosion of canister materials in bentonite: the IC-A experiment at Mont Terri
Authors: Diomidis Nikitas , Reddy Bharti
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Since 2012, a long-term in situ corrosion experiment (IC-A) has been
conducted in the Mont Terri Underground Research Laboratory in
Switzerland. The aims of the project with international partners are
to confirm the long-term anaerobic corrosion rate of carbon steel and
copper in compacted bentonite under repository-relevant environmental
conditions, to gather in situ corrosion data supporting canister
lifetime predictions, to provide confirmation of the effect of the
bentonite buffer on microbial activity and microbially influenced
corrosion, and to study the effects of welding (steel) and deposition
technique (copper) on the corrosion properties of these candidate
materials for disposal canisters. To date, carbon steel and cold
sprayed and electrodeposited copper coatings have been retrieved after
different exposure periods up to 3 years and characterised to
establish the composition of the corrosion product, the morphology of
the corroded surface, and to measure the rate of corrosion. For carbon
steel specimens, a complex corrosion product was identified,
consisting predominantly of magnetite. Low average anaerobic corrosion
rates were measured for carbon steel and a very modest amount of
alteration was identified on copper. The density and the initial form
of the bentonite had a small influence on the rate of corrosion,
across all materials.
Glacier geometry and flow speed determine how Arctic marine-terminating glaciers respond to lubricated beds
Authors: Zheng Whyjay
Published: November 2021

Abstract. Basal conditions directly control the glacier sliding rate and the dynamic discharge of ice flow. Recent glacier destabilization events indicate that some marine-terminating glaciers quickly respond to lubricated beds with increased flow speed, but the underlying physics, especially how this vulnerability relates to glacier geometry and flow characteristics, remains unclear. This paper presents a 1-D physical framework for glacier dynamic vulnerability assuming sudden basal lubrication as an initial perturbation. In this new model, two quantities determine the scale and the areal extent of the subsequent thinning and acceleration after the bed is lubricated: Péclet number (Pe) and the product of glacier speed and thickness gradient (dubbed J0 in this study). To validate the model, this paper calculates Pe and J0 using multi-sourced data from 1996–1998 for outlet glaciers in Greenland and Austfonna Ice Cap, Svalbard, and compares the results with the glacier speed change during 1996/1998–2018. Glaciers with lower Pe and J0 are more likely to accelerate during this 20-year span than those with higher Pe and J0, which matches the model prediction. A combined factor of ice thickness, surface slope, and initial speed for ice flow physically determines how much and how fast glaciers respond to lubricated beds, as forms of speed, elevation, and terminus change.
Local Drug Delivery to Treat Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Arslaan Mamoora , Karim Nasim , Kadri Wahab Baksh , Asghar Shama
Published: November 2021

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of periodontium characterized by increased pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, sulcular bleeding, and bone loss. Bacterial plaque bio-film stimulates host derived enzymes and cytokines like TNF , IL-1 and matrix metalloproteases that lead to destruction of periodontium, collagenolytic activity, decreased bone mineral density, intra-bony defects and ultimately bone loss. Chronic periodontitis is managed by conventional and systemic approach, where conventional therapy comprises of scaling and root planning. Mechanical debridement of plaque also requires an adjunct to eradicate the root cause of progressing disease. Hence, worldwide paradigm has shifted towards novel therapies; therefore, local delivery of drug is now preferred due to direct access to target sites with considerably less adverse effects and a better approach to deal with chronic periodontitis. The nano-particle technology to treat periodontitis is still an emerging and promising strategy for the management of disease with the provision of minimal dose, less invasive procedure and clinical efficacy.
Anatomy and Clinical Significance of Sacral Hiatus
Authors: Khokhar Samia Khalid , Qamar Aisha
Published: November 2021

The sacral hiatus is a gap on the dorsal surface of the sacrum formed by the non-fusion of the lamina of the fourth and fifth sacral vertebrae. A multitude of anatomical alternations of hiatus have been reported involving metric and non-metric parameters. These have been identified during radiological investigations, surgical procedures or discovered in anatomical and anthropological research studies. For successful outcomes in the clinical setting, it is vital that awareness of identified and newly discovered anatomical variations is achieved through review of literature. Objective of this article is to provide a systematic review of the reported anatomical variations of sacral hiatus with its clinical significance.
Hybrid organotin compounds — modulators of apoptotic processes in the liver when administered once and repeatedly to Wistar rats
Authors: Dodokhova M. A. , Kotieva I. M. , Safronenko А. V. , Trepel V. G. , Alkhuseyn–Kulyaginova M. S. , Shpakovskiy D. B. , Milaeva E. R.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of hybrid organotin compounds bis(3,5–di– tert–butyl–4–hydroxyphenylthiolate) dimethylol (Me3) and ((3,5–di–tert–butyl–4–hydroxyphenylthiolate) triphenylolol (Me5) on the level of markers of oxidative stress and apoptotic processes in the mitochondria during acute and subchronic intragastric administration to Wistar rats (females) in the maximum tolerated dose. Materials and methods. The objects of study were hybrid organotin compounds, the administration was carried out at the maximum tolerated dose of 2000 mg/kg (Me3) and 750 mg/kg (Me5) with a single and multiple intragastric administration. The study was conducted on 60 Wistar rats (females) weighing 190-210g. The concentration of cytochrome C (ng / g protein), caspase-9(ng / g protein), 8-hydroxy-2' — deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) (ng/g protein), malondialdehyde (MDA) (nM / g protein)was determined in mitochondrial liver samples using test systems by enzyme immunoassay; by the biochemical method-the amount of protein (mg / ml) — by the biuretic method. Results. Me3 in both series of the experiment showed itself as a more pronounced antioxidant than Me5, which did not show its antioxidant properties. In group I animals, there were no statistically significant differences in the level of MDA and Cit C in relation to the control group, no mitDNA damage was detected, but K9 activity increased by 17%. With the introduction of Me5, the value of the MDA indicator increased by 55.5%, 8 — OHdG by 12.4% and Cit C by 66.2%. In group IV, the amount of MDA as the final product of lipid peroxidation (POL) increased by 13.6%, in group V by 22.5%. With the introduction of Me3, the level of Cit C was reduced by 23.5%, with the introduction of Me5, on the contrary, it was slightly increased. K9 activity was reduced in both experimental groups, by 9.6% and 17.3%, respectively. Discussion. Hybrid OOS containing a fragment of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol have a dual structure. The tin-containing component is prooxidant, and the radical of the spatially hindered phenol, on the contrary, is antioxidant. It is the different ratio of the described fragments in the molecules of the substances under study, in our opinion, that led to the appearance of different degrees of influence on the metabolism of mitochondria. Conclusion. Both substances that modulate changes in oxidative stress and the activity of apoptotic processes are recommended for further research as antitumor medicinal agents.
Viral load as a factor of persistence of papillomavirus infection in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade I
Authors: Vinogradova O. P. , Andreeva N. A. , Epifanova O. V.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. The viral antigenic load can influence the nature of the infectious response, leading to elimination of the virus or to chronicity of the process, and in some cases to the progressive course of the disease. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the types of viral load of human papillomavirus and the age of a patient with cervical cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade I. Material and methods. 86 patients with cervical papillomavirus-induced cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade I by liquid oncocytology were examined. The frequency of human papillomavirus genotypes of high carcinogenic risk in this group of women was analyzed taking into account the viral load by polymerase chain reaction with real-time hybridization-fluorescence detection. The correlation between the viral load of the human papillomavirus and the age of the patient with further prediction of the regression or progression of cervical pathology was studied. Results. This study found that female patients under 30 years of age with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade I associated with papillomavirus infection showed a decrease in viral load after 12 months of follow-up in 30.2%, and in patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade I of older age — in 9.3%. Discussion. The management tactics for grade I cervical intraepithelial neoplasia associated with papillomavirus infection depends largely on the age of the patients and the degree of viral load. In young patients with immediate reproductive plans, a wait-and-see approach with dynamic observation for 12 months without drug therapy is possible in view of the probable spontaneous elimination of the human papillomavirus within a year. The results of the study suggest a higher rate of human papillomavirus elimination in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade I in women under 30 years of age. Conclusion. In cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of degree I in women under 40, infection with several types of the human papilloma virus (16, 18, 31, 51) with a clinically significant viral load (over 4.69±0.07 HPV per 100,000 cells) was found most frequently. In the group of the older reproductive age (40-49 years old), HPV HCC is less frequent in 6.90%. And the predominant role belongs to type 16, which was spread in 69.7% of cases.
Experience of tracheo-bronchoplastic surgery for lung cancer
Authors: Pilkevich D. N. , Dovbnya S. A. , Kholnyy P. M. , Tsvirenko A. S.
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Currently, surgical treatment of lung cancer is impossible without the use of tracheobronchoplastic operations, which in advanced specialized clinics take up to 5-10% of all radical operations. Material and methods. We conducted a retrospective study including 21 patients with centrally located lung cancer who underwent 22 tracheobronchoplastic radical operations between 2000 and 2021. The operated patients included 18 men and 3 women aged 42 to 67 years (mean age 54.5 ± 12.5 years). The morphological structure of the tumors was represented by carcinoid (2) and squamous cell carcinoma (19). The pathological process was located in the right lung in 16 patients and in the left lung — in five patients. Comorbid status was present in 20 patients. Standard lateral thoracotomy was used in 18 cases, and video-assisted minithoracotomy — in three cases. Extended lymphodissection up to D2 was performed in all surgeries. Combined surgeries included resection of adjacent organs: pericardium (2), unpaired vein (2), superior vena cava (1), diaphragmatic and vagus nerves (1), pleura (1). Results. The average duration of operations was 242.3 minutes (125-345 minutes), the average blood loss was 283.2 ml (50–1000 ml). Complications developed in 5 (22.7%) patients. Mortality was observed in 2 (9.1%) cases. Conclusion. The use of tracheobronchoplastic operations significantly expands the possibilities of thoracic surgery in treatment of lung cancer both due to technical resectability of the tumor at the transition to the main bronchus and trachea and due to functional operability at low respiratory functions and impossibility to perform pneumonectomy.
Disease severity as a risk factor for enteral feeding intolerance in the early period of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Sivkov O. G. , Sivkov A. O. , Popov I. B. , Zajcev E. Ju.
Published: November 2021

The purpose of the study was to assess the dependence of development of enteral nutrition intolerance on the disease form and condition severity during early AP with severe progression predictors. Materials and Methods. An open randomized controlled study has been carried out. The study included 64 patients, 31 of them having a severe and 33 — moderately severe forms of the disease. The criteria of enteral nutrition intolerance were: discharge via the nasogastric tube > 500ml simultaneously or > 500 ml/day, compared to the amount fed enterally over 24hrs; aggravation of pain; abdominal distension, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. Indices possessing a predictive value were identified with the help of logit regression. The null hypothesis was rejected at p<0.05.Results. The APACHE-II score (OR — 1.134, 95% CI: 1.068-1.2, p=0.01) and CPR concentration (OR — 1.006, 95% CI: 1.005-1.013, p=0.001) affect independently the development of a large gastric residual volume. The fact of surgery predicts large gastric residual volumes (OR — 1.821, 95% CI: 2.529-9.19, p=0.001), nausea and vomiting (OR — 2.077, 95% CI: 1.075-4.012, p=0.021). The SOFA score is associated with large gastric residual volumes (OR — 1.349, 95% CI: 1.18-1.539, p= 0.001), pain (OR — 1.203, 95% CI: 1.065-1.364, p= 0.003), nausea and vomiting (OR — 1.167, 95% CI: 1.028-1.324, p= 0.018). The moderately severe form is accompanied with a lower incidence of large gastric residual volumes (OR — 0.354, 95% CI: 0.201-0.611, p=0.001), pain (OR — 0.475, 95% CI: 0.284-0.795, p=0.004), nausea and vomiting (OR — 0.519, 95% CI: 0.304-0.888, p=0.018), and abdominal distension (OR — 0.342, 95% CI: 0.193-0.607, p=0.001). Conclusions. The development and severity of early enteral nutrition intolerance during early acute pancreatitis with severe progression predictors depend on the severity of condition (APACHE-II), extent of multiple organ dysfunction (SOFA), the fact of surgery, form of the disease, and C-reactive protein concentration. A combined use of independent factors increases their predictive value.
Digital entrepreneurship and its impact on digital supply chains: The mediating role of business intelligence applications
Authors: Awawdeh Heba , Abulaila Hanadi , Alshanty Abdallah , Alzoubi Amrou
Published: November 2021

This study aimed to test and evaluate the impact of Digital Entrepreneurship and its impact on digital supply chains in Jordanian hotels, and the mediating role of digital supply chains in this relationship. The descriptive analytical method was used, and the study population consisted of (835) male and female employees, and a random sample was used with a simple random sample of (342) participants. To achieve the objectives of the study, a developed questionnaire was used to collect data from the sample members. The study adopted the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS.V.22) and Structural Equations Modeling (SEM) using the AMOS program for path analysis and to perform statistical analysis using: Descriptive and inferential statistics measures, including Multiple linear regression, Pearson correlation coefficient, skew coefficient, multiple linear correlation, variance inflation coefficient and permissible variance. The study reached results, the most important of which were: The most important results of the study were: the presence of an important impact of Digital Entrepreneurship in digital supply chains and the presence of a significant impact of Digital Entrepreneurship through business intelligence applications as an intermediate variable in digital supply chains. The study recommends the need to enhance Digital Entrepreneurship in Jordanian hotels by focusing on the holistic view of these hotels and their environment, whether the internal environment that focuses on strengths and weaknesses in the hotel’s capabilities or their external environment that brings opportunities and challenges.
Technology acceptance drivers for AR smart glasses in the middle east: A quantitative study
Authors: Alsharhan Abdulla , Salloum Said A. , Aburayya Ahmad
Published: November 2021

This study aims to establish Middle East users' perspectives on the major factors that impact their decision to adopt Augmented Reality AR smart glasses (ARSG). Thus, an online questionnaire was designed and sent directly to the respondents, and 584 valid data points were collected from individuals living in the Middle East. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlations and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) techniques using SPSS. Eleven hypotheses were tested using Multiple Regression analysis, where seven independent variables out of eleven were confirmed to have a significant impact on the perceived adoption of ARSG. The results indicate that four of the independent variables including Pre-Market Knowledge, Image, Own privacy and Technology innovativeness show the significant impact on ARSG adoption at the 1% significant level. In addition, the results indicate that three of the social and technological factors include Perceived Ease of use, Perceived usefulness and Other's privacy show the significant effect on ARSG adoption at the 5% significant level. Among the 7 social and technological factors, the results suggest that technology innovation expresses the strongest effect on ARSG adoption with the highest coefficient value of 0.413 (b = 0.413, t = 12.881, ρ < 0.01). Moreover, user intention is significantly impacted by gender and place of living but not by education or age. The research also provides pre-market insights on users' personal types that represent who will most likely adopt the new smart glasses and that differentiate them based on their priorities. To the best of our knowledge, this is among the first works to investigate technology acceptance drivers of AR smart glasses in the Middle East.
Towards a cashless society: Use of electronic payment devices among generation Z
Authors: Rahadi Raden Aswin , Nainggolan Yunieta Anny , Afgani Kurnia Fajar , Yusliza Mohd Yusoff , Faezah Juhari Noor , Ramayah Thurasamy , Saputra Jumadil , Muhammad Zikri , Farooq Khalid , Angelina Chyntia
Published: November 2021

Nowadays, transactions on e-commerce platforms (e-payment) utilizing a credit card are popular. Using credit cards for electronic purchases over the Internet is much different from offline purchases in traditional stores; only online transactions do not include either physical credit card or a signature. The e-payment has become a common mode of payment for online transactions made. It is an electronic billing system that gives clients the ability to make payments using the Internet. The objective of this paper was to analyze the associations among continuance intention e-payment, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, performance expectancy, social influence, and actual usage of e-payment. The data was tested empirically on data collected from 667 Generation Z e-payment users in Malaysia. The results found that facilitating conditions, performance expectancy, and social influence impacted the actual usage of e-payment. Surprisingly, effort expectancy was not significantly associated with the actual e-payment usage. The findings of this study have several implications for managers and point the way towards future research. No prior empirical study has investigated the role of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model on e-payment usage among Generation Z in Malaysia to the best of the authors’ knowledge. These results provide valuable contributions that can help decision-makers formulate or adjust their strategies associated with e-payments.
Selection of Optimal Four Wheeler Applying AHP & TOPSIS Technique
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Swami Vivekananda Institute of Science & Technology, Sonarpur, Kolkata-700145, West Bengal, India, Das Somnath , Bhattacharjee Arkaprabha ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Swami Vivekananda Institute of Science & Technology, Sonarpur, Kolkata-700145, West Bengal, India, Maity Mriganka ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Swami Vivekananda Institute of Science & Technology, Sonarpur, Kolkata-700145, West Bengal, India, Sahoo Rajesh ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Swami Vivekananda Institute of Science & Technology, Sonarpur, Kolkata-700145, West Bengal, India, Mondal Joydip Kumar ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Swami Vivekananda Institute of Science & Technology, Sonarpur, Kolkata-700145, West Bengal, India
Published: November 2021

Now a day’s purchasing one car among the verities of model of car available in the market are very difficult task to the customers. Day by day various technical and operational parameter specifications like price, yearly maintenance cost, millage, breaking efficiency, comfort etc. are changed. Therefore, to overcome this confusion some selection procedure techniques are required. TOPSIS and AHP is the one of them selection procedure technique are adopted for this problem. These two techniques provide a base for decision-making processes, where there are limited numbers of alternatives but each has large number of criteria. It is very difficult to understand for all the demands of customer and to make a product which will fulfill the all demands completely. For the complicated decision making problem including qualitative and quantitative factors, different decision making techniques such as AHP and TOPSIS can also be used with MCDA for better results. In this research work the customer’s priorities are explored, while purchasing a four wheeler automobile segment using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). In this study, different criteria to be considered during purchasing of four wheeler using structured questionnaire which based on SAATY scale. From the calculations, it is proved that FORD (ASPIRE) is ranked as best and appropriate alternative which has extremely good breaking efficiency compared to Volkswagen (Vento), Toyota (Etios), Hyundai (Verna), Nissan (Sunny), Honda (Amaze) and Tata (Nexon).