bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Polycatenated Architected Materials
Authors: Zhou Wenjie , Nadarajah Sujeeka , Li Liuchi , Izard Anna Güell , Prachet Aashutosh , Patel Payal , Yan Hujie , Xia Xiaoxing , Daraio Chiara
Published: June 2024

Architected materials derive their properties from the geometric arrangement of their internal structural elements, rather than solely from their chemical composition. They can display remarkable behaviors such as high strength while being lightweight1,2, negative Poisson’s ratios3,4, and shear-normal coupling5,6. However, architected materials so far have either exhibited solid-like1,2 or fluid-like behavior7,8, but not both. Here, we introduce a class of materials that consist of linked particles assembled in three-dimensional domains, forming polycatenated architected materials (PAMs). We propose a general framework for PAMs that translates arbitrary crystalline networks into particles’ concatenations and design particles’ geometry. The resulting materials are cohesive, yet the individual particles retain some kinematic freedom. In response to small external loads, PAMs behave like non-Newtonian fluids, showing both shear-thinning and shear-thickening responses. At larger strains, PAMs behave like solids, showing a nonlinear stress-strain relation, like lattices and foams. These responses are regulated by a jamming transition determined by the particles’ arrangement and the direction of loading. PAMs are scalable, showing comparable mechanical responses at both millimeter- and micrometer-scales. However, micro-PAMs can change shape in response to electrostatic charges. PAM’s properties are relevant for developing stimuli-responsive materials, energy-absorbing systems and morphing architectures.
Improving isolated word recognition rates using multiple common vectors and a majority vote algorithm
Authors: KESER Serkan
Published: June 2024

The Common Vector Approach (CVA) is a subspace classifier with significant success in isolated word recognition. However, when sufficient data is available, mixing the intra-class and inter-class subspaces can reduce recognition rates. To overcome this problem, a method is proposed in which Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), Gammatone Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (GTCC), and i-vector features obtained from samples of classes in the database are divided into equal-sized clusters. This method reduces the number of features per class, thereby minimizing the mixing between intra-class and inter-class subspaces. Recognition is performed using the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and CVA classifiers by using Multiple Common Vectors (MCV) obtained per class as feature vectors. By using projection matrices, a test signal is assigned to k classes, and the most suitable class is selected with the proposed Majority Vote Algorithm (MVA). Thus, the probability of assigning a test signal, which is misclassified in classical CVA, to the correct class is increased with the proposed method. The results obtained are higher than those found with the classical CVA method. This study demonstrates the potential and superiority of the new method proposed for isolated word recognition. The developed method provides a more efficient and effective recognition system by increasing classification accuracy compared to the classical CVA.
Evaluating the Perioperative Outcomes of Laparoscopic Fundoplication in One Hundred Neurologically Impaired Patients : A Multicenter Retrospective Joint Study
Authors: Koga Yoshinori , Sugita Koshiro , Hashizume Naoki , Masui Daisuke , Higashidate Naruki , Nakame Kazuhiko , Onishi Shun , Torikai Motofumi , Ieiri Satoshi , Kaji Tatsuru
Published: June 2024

Background: Neurologically impaired patients (NIPs) with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) require the fundoplication. Their postural feature such as scoliosis makes it more difficult to perform laparoscopic fundoplication. We aimed to clarify risk factors of laparoscopic fundoplication for NIPs and analyzed the perioperative impact of surgery performed by ESSQS-certified pediatric surgeons.
Methods: NIPs who underwent laparoscopic fundoplication were registered. First, we classified the patients according to age into the <18 years and ≥18 years groups, and then further classified them according to whether the procedure was performed by a board-certified pediatric surgeon. The evaluation endpoints were patient characteristics, acid reflux index, body mass index (BMI), Cobb angle, direction of the spinal curve, operative time, blood loss and postoperative outcomes.
Results: One hundred one patients underwent laparoscopic fundoplication. Blood loss in patients of ≥18 years of age was significantly higher than that in patients of <18 years of age. A multivariate regression analysis showed that BMI and Cobb angle were significant risk factors. According to the comparison by pediatric surgeons with or without board certification, there were no significant differences in perioperative factors.
Conclusion: We focused on BMI and Cobb angle as risk factors for intraoperative blood loss in NIPs during laparoscopic fundoplication.
RETRACTED: Fusarium development in bread wheat heads under variable humidity conditions
Authors: Sakr Nachaat , Kurdali Fawaz , Attar Jalal , Ammar Samer
Published: June 2024

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Trade Policy Space, Patent Right Protection and Economic Complexity in Developing Countries
Authors: GNANGNON Sena Kimm
Published: June 2024

This articles explores how trade policy space affects economic complexity in developing countries, and whether this effect depends on the strength of patent right protection. The analysis has used an unbalanced panel dataset of 60 countries (of which 26 poor countries) over the period from 1991 to 2020. It has established that trade policy space exerts a negative effect on economic complexity in poor countries but influences it positively in non-poor countries. alike. More generally, the positive economic complexity effect of trade policy space is larger in countries with higher development levels. This effect materializes through the level of countries’ integration into global trade. The higher the level of integration into global trade, the larger is the positive effect of trade policy space on economic complexity. Last but not least, trade policy space promotes economic complexity in countries that strengthen their patent right protection.
JEL Classification: F13; F14; O14.
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF MAKEUP : SELF PERCEPTION, CONFIDENCE AND SOCIAL INTERACTION
Authors:   Profession: Student., Shekhawat Kalika
Published: June 2024

This paper thoroughly examines the psychological impact of makeup on self-perception, confidence, and social interactions. It highlights the increasing significance of understanding these implications due to the rapid growth of the cosmetic industry. Through a detailed review of existing literature, the study explores how makeup shapes individuals perceptions of themselves and their interactions with others. It discusses the intricate relationship between makeup and self-perception, emphasizing its role in self-expression, identity formation, and self-esteem enhancement. The research also investigates the makeup effect, wherein individuals experience heightened self-confidence after application, and explores how makeup can bolster confidence levels across diverse social contexts. Additionally, it examines makeups role in addressing insecurities and promoting positive body image. The study further delves into how makeup influences perceptions of attractiveness and social standing, thereby shaping relationships and social behaviors. It elucidates the mechanisms through which makeup facilitates social bonding, conformity, and impression management in various settings. Overall, the research provides a comprehensive analysis of the psychological effects of makeup, enhancing our understanding of its pervasive influence in contemporary society and emphasizing the importance of considering these factors in both academic discourse and practical interventions for promoting psychological well-being and social cohesion.
LA PNEUMOPATHIE INTERSTITIELLE DIFFUSE AU COURS DE LA SCLERODERMIE SYSTEMIQUE
Authors:   Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc., El-Ouakhoumi Amal , Yousfi Jaouad ,   Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc., Zahlane Mouna ,   Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc., Benjilali Laila ,   Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc., Essaadouni Lamiaa ,   Service de Medecine Interne, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc.
Published: June 2024

Latteinte pulmonaire au cours la sclerodermie systemique (SCS) est frequente et represente la principale cause de morbi-mortalite.La pneumopathie interstitielle diffuse (PID) est retrouvee chez 90 % des patients atteints de SCS. Lobjectif de notre travail est detudier les aspects cliniqueset evolutifs de cette complication. Nous avons mene une etude retrospectiveau service de medecine interne au CHU Mohammed VI de Marrakech, sur une periodesetalant de janvier 2011 a decembre 2021,colligeant des cas de sclerodermie systemique avec pneumopathie interstitielle diffuse retenue selon les criteres de lACR 2013. Notre etude a inclus 86 cas de sclerodermie systemiquedont 57 patients avaient une atteinte pulmonaire.Lage moyen des patients etait de 48,6ans. Il sagissait de 05 hommes et 52 femmes (sex-ratio de 0,09). Le delai moyen dapparition de latteinte pulmonaire etait de 5,14 ans.Cliniquement, les patients presentaient une dyspnee dans 91 % des cas et une toux chronique dans 45 % des cas. Lexploration fonctionnelle respiratoire (EFR) avait objective un syndrome restrictif chez 47 % des patients.Les manifestations systemiques associees etaient essentiellement cutanees, chez tous les patients, articulaires (84 %) et digestives (64 %). Le bilan immunologique avait revele des anticorps antinucleaires(AAN)positifs chez 77% des cas et des anti-topoisomerase (scl-70) chez 33% des patients.Un traitement a base de colchicine et amlodipine etaient prescrits respectivement chez 89 % et 47 % des patients. 70% des patients avaient reÃƒÂ§u de la corticotherapie principalement pour latteinte articulaire. Un traitement immunosuppresseur a base de cyclophosphamide etait prescrit chez 57% des patients ayant une atteinte pulmonaire severe, et methotrexate chez 13 patients majoritairement pour latteinte articulaire ou cutanee.Dans notre serie, 2 patients etaient decedes suite a la fibrose pulmonaire.Latteinte pulmonaire est lune des complications les plus frequentes et redoutables de la sclerodermie systemique. Sa recherche doit etre systematique meme en absence de signes dappel cliniques.
DIVERSITY AND TAXONOMY OF WOOD ROTTING FUNGI FROM DHARASHIV [OSMANABAD] DISTRICT (M.S.) INDIA
Authors:   Department of Biology, Shiveshwar Junior College Takli (A), Taluka Kannad, Dist. Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar [Aurangabad] (M.S.) India 431147., Udhav Gore Vijay , Pandit Mali Vasant ,   J. Watumull Sadhubella Girls College, Ulhasnagar Dist. Thane (M.S.) India, Pin.421001.
Published: June 2024

In present investigation 107 specimens of Wood-rotting fungi were collected from various regions of Dharashiv [Osmanabad]District (M.S.) India. 25new species were recorded from the present study area, identified according to macroscopic features at the site and microscopic features in the laboratory and belong to 12 families and 24 genera. The most dominating family were observed Polyporaceae (6 genera) andthe most dominating genera wasLeucocoprinus(2 species).
IN SILICO STUDIES OF TUMOUR TARGETED PEPTIDE DERIVED FROM PROTEASE PRODUCED BY BACILLUS CEREUS HN FOR TARGETING WNT SIGNALLING PATHWAY USING MOLECULAR DOCKING AND MOLECULAR DYNAMICS
Authors:   Student, Dept. of Microbiology, St. Francis College for Women, Uma Nagar, St. no. 6, Begumpet, Hyderabad - 500019, Telangana, India., Hasnain Sumaiya , Shaialaja Raj M. ,   Head, Dept. of Microbiology, St. Francis College for Women, Uma Nagar, St. no. 6, Begumpet, Hyderabad - 500019, Telangana, India.
Published: June 2024

Background:In todays world, its becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the role of cancer in social health. Breast cancer remains the second global cause of death in women. Alterations disrupt normal cell function, cause cancerous cells to over-proliferate, and avoid mechanisms that might typically control their growth, division, and migration. A disruption in signalling pathways, a mutation that might lead to overexpression of certain genes that can, in turn, activate the signalling pathway and send it into an override mode that leads to diseases such as cancers. These signalling pathways can be targeted not only for use as biomarkers for the early detection of certain cancers but also for targeted treatment of cancers. The prospect of the development of new substances with antitumoral potential is of great importance for thetreatment of breast cancer. Result:The objective of this work is to design a peptide from a laboratory-produced Protease enzyme isolated from Bacillus cereus HNand use that as a drug or ligand that could potentially bind to the LRP5 protein and inactivate the Wntsignalling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Conclusion:The work was aimed at computational modelling of a safe peptide which followed the pharmacokinetic parameters and conducting docking analysis to assess the binding free energy between LRP 5 and the designed peptide. The docking results show that the ligand is a good candidate for novel drug development. The models created and analysed in this work will most certainly help in future research on targeting the Wntsignalling pathway and its components.
THREAD OR STAPLE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SURGICAL TECHNIQUES IN CIRCUMCISION SURGERY
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of General Surgery, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai., Parthiban Akshaya , Gedam Kundan ,   Professor, Department of General Surgery, MGM Medical College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai.
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Male circumcision was one of the earliest operations performed by humans.The circular stapler, is a new disposal circumcision device discovered in China. It is a novel technique showing quicker procedure time, lesser complication, and sutureless. Methods: A study was conducted on 50 Adult males undergoing circumcision surgery under local anesthesia in a tertiary hospital in Navi Mumbai. They were randomized into 2 groups. In Group A conventional suturing was done and in Group B with staplers. Time efficacy calculated by stopwatch(s). Post-operative complications along with cost-effectiveness between the two techniques. Cost-effectiveness between two techniques. Results: The operative time is quicker in group B compared to conventional suturing. The intraoperative and postoperative pain scores were significantly lower in the stapler group compared to conventional suturing. It is observed that in Stapler group had higher treatment costs than conventional suturing. In group B receiving stapler had fewer post-operative complications than the conventional group. Conclusion: The present study has demonstrated that the stapler circumcision technique is superior to the conventional suturing technique. The stapler technique is quicker and less complicated with good patient compliance. A drawback is a costly approach and training in manual skills that require aÃ‚ precise application. The study needs to be on a larger scale with a larger population for further improvement.
MELANOMA OF ORAL CAVITY: A CASE REPORT OF AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION
Authors:   Department of Radiotherapy National Institute of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed-V University Rabat, Morocco., Eddarif O. , Baz S.El ,   Department of Radiotherapy National Institute of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed-V University Rabat, Morocco., Hamdan A. ,   Department of Radiotherapy National Institute of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed-V University Rabat, Morocco., Nouni K. ,   Department of Radiotherapy National Institute of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed-V University Rabat, Morocco., Lachgar A. ,   Department of Radiotherapy National Institute of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed-V University Rabat, Morocco., Kacemi H. El ,   Department of Radiotherapy National Institute of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed-V University Rabat, Morocco., Kebdani T. ,   Department of Radiotherapy National Institute of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed-V University Rabat, Morocco., Hassouni K. ,   Department of Radiotherapy National Institute of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed-V University Rabat, Morocco.
Published: June 2024

Oral mucosal melanoma is a rare malignancy with the tendency to metastasize and locally invade tissues more readily than other malignant tumor of the oral cavity. It occurs approximately four times more frequently in the oral mucosa of the upper jaw usually on the palate or alveolar gingiva. The chameleonic presentation of malignant melanoma, its asymptomatic condition, rarity of the lesion, poor prognosis and the necessity of a highly specialized treatment are factors that should be seriously considered by the involved health care provider. We report a rare and interesting case of oral malignant melanoma of the upper gum, which was clinically and histopathologically diagnosed with a brief review of literature, has been discussed.
The Development, Validity, and Reliability Study of Teacher Collaboration Skills Scale
Authors: Basık Reyhan , Dayı Eylem
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Collaborative working, one of the good practice examples in special education, is regarded as a beneficial tool for students with disabilities. The collaborative relationship of teachers providing special education services can encourage them to successfully carry out instructional practices in their classrooms and to create a trust-based team model. This study aims to develop the ‘Teacher Collaboration Skills Scale’ (TCSS) to assess teachers' collaborative work providing special education services.
Method: The TCSS prepared in line with the study’s purpose was applied to 513 teachers. First, 62 teachers working together in special education schools were reached. In the pilot implementation phase, 157 teachers from 21 provinces of Türkiye attended, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted. Finally, after revisions, the scale, prepared with online access permission, was completed by 294 teachers from 41 provinces, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on the data.
Findings: EFA was conducted to test the relationship between items and to determine factors and the items collected under them. As a result, a structure consisting of 22 items with 4 factors was defined. The structure tested with CFA showed a high level of model-data fit. The scale’s reliability calculated by Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient was .97.
Discussion: This scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring teacher collaboration skills. It can be used to evaluate teachers’ collaborative working skills in special education in Türkiye and will guide the interventions to be developed.
Data augmentation using conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN): applications for sewer condition classification and testing using different machine learning techniques
Authors: Woldesellasse Haile , Tesfamariam Solomon
Published: June 2024

The increasing availability of condition assessment data highlights the challenge of managing data imbalance in the asset management of aging infrastructure. Aging sewer pipes pose significant threats to health and the environment, underscoring the importance of proactive management practices to enhance asset maintenance and mitigate associated risks. While machine learning (ML) models are widely employed to model the complex deterioration process of sewer pipes, they face performance limitations when trained on imbalanced condition grade data. This paper addresses this issue by proposing a novel approach using conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) for data augmentation. By generating synthetic data for minority classes, the skewed distribution of the sewer dataset is balanced, facilitating more robust and accurate predictive models. The utility of the proposed method is evaluated by training different ML classifiers, including neural network (NN), decision tree, quadratic discriminant analysis, Naïve Bayes, support vector machine (SVM), and K-nearest neighbor. Quadratic discriminant, Naïve Bayes, NN, and SVM classifiers demonstrated improvement. The cGAN-based data augmentation method also outperformed two other data imbalance handling techniques, random under-sampling, and cost-sensitive NN. Consequently, data generated by cGAN can effectively aid asset management by developing proactive classifiers that accurately predict pipes at a high risk of failure.
Utilidad de menopause rating scale (MRS) en indígenas colombianas en climaterio
Authors: Monterrosa-Castro Álvaro , Paternina-Caicedo Ángel José , Herazo Acevedo Edwin , Oviedo-Acevedo Heidi Celina , Campo-Arias Adalberto
Published: June 2024

La Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) se compone de tres dimensiones que evalúan síntomas somáticos, emocionales y urogenitales relacionados con la menopausia. La utilidad de las escalas varía según las características poblacionales y se desconocen investigaciones que corroboren estas dimensiones en población indígena. El objetivo fue evaluar la utilidad de las dimensiones y confiabilidad de MRS en indígenas colombianas. Se realizó análisis del patrón de respuesta de MRS en 914 mujeres indígenas, 507 posmenopáusicas y 407 premenopáusicas, entre 40-60 años, media 50,3 años (DE=5,9). Se estimó alfa de Cronbach para las dimensiones originales y para las que emergieron en el análisis factorial mediante el método de máxima verosimilitud y rotación oblicua promax. MRS mostró alfa de Cronbach: 0,86; la dimensión somática 0,63, la psicológica 0,75 y la urogenital 0,84. La puntuación fue significativamente superior en posmenopáusicas que premenopausia 14,4 (DE=6,4) vs. 8,4 (DE=5,9) p<0,001. Se identificaron dos factores; el primero explicó el 39,9% de la varianza (ítem 1,7,8,9,10,11) y el segundo del 14,2% (ítem 2,3,4,5,6). La primera dimensión tuvo alfa de Cronbach 0,86; y la segunda 0,81. MRS presentó alta consistencia interna, adecuada validez nomológica y dos dimensiones. Es necesario corroborar el desempeño de los instrumentos en diferentes poblaciones.
Multitargeted Docking, DFT-Based Optimisation, Pharmacokinetics, and MD Simulation Reveal 6-Oxidopamine HBr as a Multitargeted Inhibitor of Cervical Cancer Proteins
Authors: Alghamdi Yossef Saeed , Mashraqi Mutaib M. , Alsalmi Ohud , Alharthi Afaf Awwadh , Gharib Amal F.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Cervical cancer originates in the cervix, the lower part of the
uterus, and results from the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cervical cells, forming malignant
tumours. It poses a major global health challenge, calling for innovative drug design
strategies to enhance treatment outcomes.

Method:

In this study, we have screened the FDA-approved drug library against four
proteins, MCM10, MCM6, DNA polymerase epsilon subunit-2, and TBK1, which are essential
for DNA replication, DNA repair, and cellular signalling pathways, which are
dysregulated in cervical cancer cells, leading to uncontrolled growth. We have used the
multisampling algorithms for screening using HTVS, SP, and XP docking; identified 6-
oxidopamine HBr (C8H12BrNO3), which is used to create a model of Parkinson’s disease
in animals, and obtained the docking score ranging from -5.057 to -8.871 Kcal/mol. The
poses were filtered with MM\GBSA score ranging from -21.67 to -27.63 Kcal/mol. We
performed QM-based DFT and pharmacokinetics studies and compared them with the
standard values, suggesting that the compound can be used in cervical cancer proteins.

Result:

The P-L complex’s interaction fingerprints have resulted in the most interacting
residues, 4THR, 4SER, and 4LYS, showing the compound’s interaction pattern.

Conclusion:

Further, the stability of 6-oxidopamine HBr in complex with each protein
was evaluated with 100ns MD simulation in the SPC water model in a neutralised state
to analyse the deviation, fluctuations, and intermolecular interactions that have proven
the compound to have a better inhibitory effect against each protein and that it can be
used for cervical cancer; however, experimental validation is suggested before human
use.
Feasibility Study on Constructing Dosimetric Correlated Geometric Parameters
for Automatic Segmentation Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Yujie , Zhou Xin , Ji Weixing , Zhang Jianying
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

To investigate the feasibility of constructing new geometric parameters that correlate well with dosimetric parameters.

Methods:

100 rectal cancer patients were enrolled. The targets were identified manually, while the organs at risk (bladder, small bowel, left and right femoral
heads) were segmented both manually and automatically. The radiotherapy plans were optimized according to the automatically contoured organs
at risk. Forty cases were randomly selected to establish the relationship between dose and distance for each organ at risk, termed “dose-distance
curves,” which were then applied to the new geometric parameters. The correlation between these new geometric parameters and dosimetric
parameters was analyzed in the remaining 60 test cases.

Results:

The “dose-distance curves” were similar across the four organs at risk, exhibiting an inverse function shape with a rapid decrease initially and a
slower rate at a later stage. The Pearson correlation coefficients of new geometric parameters and dosimetric parameters in the bladder, small
intestine, and left and right femur heads were 0.96, 0.97, 0.88, and 0.70, respectively.

Conclusions:

The new geometric parameters predicated on “distance from the target” showed a high correlation with corresponding dosimetric parameters in
rectal cancer cases. It is feasible to utilize the new geometric parameters to evaluate the dose deviation attributable to automatic segmentation.
Diagnostic Study of Nodular Pulmonary Cryptococcosis Based on Radiomic
Features Captured from CT Images
Authors: Huang Danmei , Wu Xiuting , Chen Siqi , Li Kai , Zhang Xiaobo , Pan Xiaoyu , Fu Liang , Lin Wenjun , Li Zefeng , Guan Xuechun
Published: June 2024

Background:

Radiomics can quantify pulmonary nodule characteristics non-invasively by applying advanced imaging feature algorithms. Radiomic textural
features derived from Computed Tomography (CT) imaging are broadly used to predict benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. However, few
studies have reported on the radiomics-based identification of nodular Pulmonary Cryptococcosis (PC).

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and differential diagnostic value of radiomic features extracted from CT images for nodular PC.

Methods:

This retrospective analysis included 44 patients with PC (29 males, 15 females), 58 with Tuberculosis (TB) (39 males, 19 females), and 60 with
Lung Cancer (LC) (20 males, 40 females) confirmed pathologically. Models 1 (PC vs. non-PC), 2 (PC vs. TB), and 3 (PC vs. LC) were established
using radiomic features. Models 4 (PC vs. TB) and 5 (PC vs. LC) were established based on radiomic and CT features.

Results:

Five radiomic features were predictive of PC vs. non-PC model, but accuracy and Area Under the Curve (AUC) were 0.49 and 0.472, respectively.
In model 2 (PC vs. TB) involving six radiomic features, the accuracy and AUC were 0.80 and 0.815, respectively. Model 3 (PC vs. LC) with six
radiomic features performed well, with AUC=0.806 and an accuracy of 0.76. Between the PC and TB groups, model 4 combining radiomics,
distribution, and PI, showed AUC=0.870. In differentiating PC from LC, the combination of radiomics, distribution, PI, and RBNAV achieved
AUC=0.926 and an accuracy of 0.90.

Conclusion:

The prediction models based on radiomic features from CT images performed well in discriminating PC from TB and LC. The individualized
prediction models combining radiomic and CT features achieved the best diagnostic performance.
The Role of Betulin and its Derivative in Wound Healing and their Clinical
Properties
Authors: Zavaleta-Monestel Esteban , García-Montero Jonathan , Arguedas-Chacón Sebastián , Rojas-Chinchilla Carolina , Quesada-Villaseñor Ricardo , Murillo Renato
Published: June 2024

abstract:

Currently, studies on various natural products that aid in wound healing have seen significant
growth. Betulin and its derivative, betulinic acid, are triterpenes abundant in the leaves and barks
of certain species, such as birch, which has been of particular interest. Clinical and preclinical studies
have demonstrated their ability to accelerate wound healing, as well as other properties such as antimicrobial,
anti-inflammatory action, and anti-cancer properties, and beneficial effects on HIV, diabetes
mellitus, and cardiovascular disorders. However, further research focusing exclusively on betulin
and betulinic acid is needed to better understand its therapeutic potential and develop new medications
for effective management. These advancements could greatly enhance the treatment of
wounds, skin lesions and other diseases, offering more effective and safer therapeutic options to improve
the quality of life of the population.
Sewer Inlets Detection in UAV Images Clouds based on Convolution Neural Networks
Authors: Ibrahim Haysam M. , Fawaz Essam M. , El Sheshtawy Amr M. , Hamdy Ahmed M.
Published: June 2024

Background

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems have underwent significant advancements in recent years, which enabled the capture of high-resolution images and accurate measurements, with the tremendous development in artificial intelligence, especially deep learning techniques, Which allows it to be used in the development of Drainage infrastructures that represent a major challenge to confront the flood risks in urban areas and represent a considerable investment, but they are often not as well classified as they should be.

Methods

In this study, we present an automatic framework for the detection of sewer inlets and Ground Control Points (GCPs) from image clouds acquired by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) based on a YOLO CNN architecture. The framework depends on the high image overlap of unmanned aerial vehicle imaging surveys. The framework uses the latest YOLO model trained to detect and localize sewer inlets and Ground Control Points (GCPs) in aerial images with a ground sampling distance (GSD) of 1 cm/pixel. Novel Object-detection algorithms, including YOLOv5, YOLOv7, and YOLOv8 were compared in terms of the classification and localization of sewer inlets and GCPs marks. The approach is evaluated by cross-validating results from an image cloud of 500 UAV images captured over a 40,000-m2 study area with 30 sewer inlets and 90 GCPs. To analyze the model accuracy among classes, two-way ANOVA is used.

Results

Images with models’ performances from the literature, the new YOLO model tested on UAV images in this study demonstrates satisfactory performance, improving both precision and recall. The results show that YOLOv5 offers the best precision (91%) and recall (96%), whereas YOLOv8 achieved less accuracy in precision and recall (82%) and (80%), respectively. Additionally, increasing image size in the training stage is a very important modification in the model.

Conclusion

The study approach has a remarkable ability to detect sewer inlets and can be used to develop the inventory of drainage infrastructure in urban areas.
Explicating the Phyto-pharmacological Virtues of Solanum torvum Swartz: A Contemporary Update
Authors: Garg Madhukar , Vaid Lavish , Sharma Parth , Rani Nidhi , Deswal Geeta , Grewal Sonam , Dhingra Ashwani K. , Tailor Navin Kumar , Grewal Ajmer Singh
Published: June 2024

Solanum torvum Swartz has been considered to shed light on the diverse phytochemical
and pharmacological abilities relevant to its profound health benefits. The present review attempted
to emphasize the phytochemical and pharmacological investigations on Solanum torvum Swartz.
Furthermore, the investigators aimed to provide an elaborative outline regarding the tissue culture
studies of the mentioned plant. This plant has been reported to contain various types of
phytoconstituents, including alkaloids, alkaloid glycosides, allenes, coumarins, diterpenoids, fatty
acid esters, fatty acids, flavonoids, isoflavones, furan derivatives, glycosides, lignans,
monoterpenoids, phenolic acids, sesquiterpenoids, saponins, steroidal derivatives, and triterpenoids.
An array of pharmacological activities has been reported for this plant, including hypotensive, antiplatelet
aggregation, anti-ulcerogenic, antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant,
immunomodulatory, wound healing, antiparasitic, larvicidal, antimalarial, anti-trichomonal,
leishmanicidal, anticancer, diuretic, anxiolytic, antidepressant, antidiabetic, anthelmintic, thrombolytic,
antiarthritic, antihyperlipidemic, hepato-protective, anti-Alzheimer, and cardioprotective activities.
This work provides researchers with up-to-date information on the health benefits of plants
attributed to their bioactive compounds. The information highlights the need for further research to
develop novel formulations using these bioactive principles for potential treatment and preventive
medicine applications targeting various ailments.
Fostering argumentation skills through project of STEM-Engineering Design process
Authors: Wisutama Remanda Arya , Sulaeman Nurul Fitriyah , Putra Pramudya Dwi Aristya
Published: June 2024

This study aims to explore students' ability to form argumentation patterns based on aspects of Toulmin's Argument Pattern (TAP) in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)-based learning. Data collection was carried out through STEM-based worksheet which has 12 argumentation items that are in accordance with the Engineering Design Process (EDP) stages. The data was then analyzed qualitatively. This research was conducted at one of the junior high schools in Samarinda City in the even semester of the 2022/2023 academic year. The population in this study were all students of grade VII totaling 9 classes with a sample of grade VII-F consisting of 32 students. The results showed that the students' argumentation patterns consisted of several patterns, namely, Claim Data (C-D); Claims, Data, Warrants (C-D-W); Claims, Data, Warrants, Backing (C-D-W-B); Claim, Data, Warrant, Backing, and Rebuttal (C-D-W-B-R) with the C-D pattern is the most common argumentation pattern. Students still need to be facilitated with learning that can guide students in forming more complex arguments so that an argumentation pattern is formed that includes warrant, backing, and rebuttal aspects.
Threads of heritage: Intricate patterns of Indonesia and Kazakhstan
Authors: Tassygozhina Gulmira , Astuti Kun Setyaning
Published: June 2024

Indonesia and Kazakhstan have a rich cultural heritage expressed through intricate patterns and unique threads of art.Indonesia, a country with a rich history and diverse ethnic composition, is known for its unique traditions in textile arts. The richness and variety of Indonesian fabrics such as batik, as well as techniques and patterns that show the cultural characteristics of different regions of Indonesia is very significant in the heritage of Indonesian culture. Particular attention is paid to the symbolism and historical significance of the patterns, as well as their role in rituals and holidays. On the other hand, Kazakhstan, which located in central Eurasia, also has a rich cultural heritage, including unique textile traditions. The features of Kazakh national patterns that show various aspects of the life of this nation are very important. Particular attention is paid to the symbolism of animals and plants in patterns, as well as their role in preserving cultural identity.Overall, the heritage threads of Indonesia and Kazakhstan represent not only artistic expressions, but also important elements of the cultural and historical heritage of these countries. Studying these patterns helps to better understand and appreciate the diversity and richness of the cultural traditions of these peoples.This study aims to understand how the threads of heritage connected into the patterns of Indonesia and Kazakhstan reflect the cultural, historical and religious aspects of these societies.
Digital literacy content in the operational curriculum in Early Childhood education
Authors: Tafrihah Tafrihah Tafrihah , Utanto Yuli , Pristiwati Rahayu
Published: June 2024

Abstract: The objective of this research is to assess the requirements for digital literacy within the curriculum currently employed, this research employs a qualitative approach, specifically utilizing a phenomenological methodology, the focus of this research is on the stakeholders of Tarbiyatul Athfal Bulumanis Kidul Kindergarten schools, the data collection process encompasses measures to delimit the research scope, gather information through methods such as observation, structured and unstructured interviews, documentation, visual materials, and the development of protocols for recording information, the data analysis employs a flow analysis model procedure involving three concurrent streams of activities, namely: the analysis process comprises three stages: 1) data reduction, 2) data presentation (utilizing data displays), and 3) conclusion drawing and verification. The research's outcomes encompass an analysis of Vision, Mission, and Goals, as well as an analysis of the digital literacy curriculum in kindergarten schools; the objectives of this research encompass the following aspects: 1) the rationale for implementing the digital literacy content curriculum in kindergarten schools; 2) an analysis of the digital literacy needs among kindergarten teachers; and 3) the competencies to be cultivated through the adoption of a curriculum incorporating digital literacy in kindergarten schools.
Triage Performance Across Large Language Models, ChatGPT, and Untrained Doctors in Emergency Medicine: Comparative Study
Authors: Masanneck Lars , Schmidt Linea , Seifert Antonia , Kölsche Tristan , Huntemann Niklas , Jansen Robin , Mehsin Mohammed , Bernhard Michael , Meuth Sven G , Böhm Lennert , Pawlitzki Marc
Published: June 2024

Background

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performances in various medical domains, prompting an exploration of their potential utility within the high-demand setting of emergency department (ED) triage. This study evaluated the triage proficiency of different LLMs and ChatGPT, an LLM-based chatbot, compared to professionally trained ED staff and untrained personnel. We further explored whether LLM responses could guide untrained staff in effective triage.

Objective

This study aimed to assess the efficacy of LLMs and the associated product ChatGPT in ED triage compared to personnel of varying training status and to investigate if the models’ responses can enhance the triage proficiency of untrained personnel.

Methods

A total of 124 anonymized case vignettes were triaged by untrained doctors; different versions of currently available LLMs; ChatGPT; and professionally trained raters, who subsequently agreed on a consensus set according to the Manchester Triage System (MTS). The prototypical vignettes were adapted from cases at a tertiary ED in Germany. The main outcome was the level of agreement between raters’ MTS level assignments, measured via quadratic-weighted Cohen κ. The extent of over- and undertriage was also determined. Notably, instances of ChatGPT were prompted using zero-shot approaches without extensive background information on the MTS. The tested LLMs included raw GPT-4, Llama 3 70B, Gemini 1.5, and Mixtral 8x7b.

Results

GPT-4–based ChatGPT and untrained doctors showed substantial agreement with the consensus triage of professional raters (κ=mean 0.67, SD 0.037 and κ=mean 0.68, SD 0.056, respectively), significantly exceeding the performance of GPT-3.5–based ChatGPT (κ=mean 0.54, SD 0.024; P<.001). When untrained doctors used this LLM for second-opinion triage, there was a slight but statistically insignificant performance increase (κ=mean 0.70, SD 0.047; P=.97). Other tested LLMs performed similar to or worse than GPT-4–based ChatGPT or showed odd triaging behavior with the used parameters. LLMs and ChatGPT models tended toward overtriage, whereas untrained doctors undertriaged.

Conclusions

While LLMs and the LLM-based product ChatGPT do not yet match professionally trained raters, their best models’ triage proficiency equals that of untrained ED doctors. In its current form, LLMs or ChatGPT thus did not demonstrate gold-standard performance in ED triage and, in the setting of this study, failed to significantly improve untrained doctors’ triage when used as decision support. Notable performance enhancements in newer LLM versions over older ones hint at future improvements with further technological development and specific training.
Examining HIV Testing Coverage and Factors Influencing First-Time Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Zhejiang Province, China: Cross-Sectional Study Based on a Large Internet Survey
Authors: He Lin , Jiang Tingting , Chen Wanjun , Jiang Shaoqiang , Zheng Jinlei , Chen Weiyong , Wang Hui , Ma Qiaoqin , Chai Chengliang
Published: June 2024

Background

Men who have sex with men (MSM) constitute a significant population of patients infected with HIV. In recent years, several efforts have been made to promote HIV testing among MSM in China.

Objective

This study aimed to assess HIV testing coverage and factors associated with first-time HIV testing among MSM to provide a scientific basis for achieving the goal of diagnosing 95% of patients infected with HIV by 2030.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2023 and December 2023. MSM were recruited from the “Sunshine Test,” an internet platform that uses location-based services to offer free HIV testing services to MSM by visiting the WeChat official account in Zhejiang Province, China. Participants were required to complete a questionnaire on their demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors, substance use, and HIV testing history. A logistic regression model was used to analyze first-time HIV testing and its associated factors.

Results

A total of 7629 MSM participated in the study, with 87.1% (6647) having undergone HIV testing before and 12.9% (982) undergoing HIV testing for the first time. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that first-time HIV testing was associated with younger age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.55, 95% CI 1.91-3.42), lower education (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.88), student status (aOR 1.35, 95% CI 1.04-1.75), low income (aOR 1.55, 95% CI 1.16-2.08), insertive anal sex role (aOR 1.28, 95% CI 1.05-1.56), bisexuality (aOR 1.69, 95% CI 1.40-2.03), fewer sex partners (aOR 1.44, 95% CI 1.13-1.83), use of rush poppers (aOR 2.06, 95% CI 1.70-2.49), unknown HIV status of sex partners (aOR 1.40, 95% CI 1.17-1.69), lack of awareness of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.88), and offline HIV testing uptake (aOR 2.08, 95% CI 1.80-2.41).

Conclusions

A notable 12.9% (982/7629) of MSM had never undergone HIV testing before this large internet survey. We recommend enhancing HIV intervention and testing through internet-based platforms and gay apps to promote testing among MSM and achieve the target of diagnosing 95% of patients infected with HIV by 2030.
THE CONCEPTS OF ὕπαρξις and ὑπόστασις IN THE CONTEXT OF THE NEW CONCEPT OF MATTER BY JOHN PHILOPONUS
Authors: Koshelev A. V.
Published: June 2024

This article examines one terminological distinction associated with the rethinking of the concept of matter by John Philoponus in his treatise De aeternitate mundi contra Proclum. The author of the article shows, using specific textual examples, that Philoponus uses the concepts of ὕπαρξις and ὑπόστασις, though closely, still differently, and each concept has a very specific ontological signified and a corresponding focus of signification. A clear distinction between the spheres of use of these concepts sheds light on the ontological status of matter. The redefinition of materia prima is the main theme of the eleventh book of Contra Proclum . The article demonstrates how this terminological difference is related to the ontological difference induced by the new Philoponus’ concept of matter.
Gravity Model Analysis of Indonesia's Trade Role within OIC Economies
Authors: Ula Tajul
Published: June 2024

Indonesia, possessing the largest economic volume among Muslim-majority countries, plays a pivotal role in the global economy, particularly through its export activities. This study examines the factors influencing Indonesia's export performance and its economic interactions with the five largest economies within the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) member countries: Saudi Arabia, Turkiye, Iran, Nigeria, and the United Arab Emirates. Utilizing a random effect panel data model, the analysis spans from 1989 to 2021. The findings reveal that variables such as GDP, Distance, Economic Similarity Index, and Exchange Rate of these OIC countries positively impact Indonesia's exports. Additionally, Indonesia's exports significantly contribute to the GDP growth of these OIC nations. The study underscores the importance of Indonesia's trade in enhancing the economic capacities of OIC partner countries, thereby boosting national economic output and foreign exchange reserves. The results advocate for the revitalization of trade agreements and the maintenance of conducive relations among OIC countries to fortify their collective economic strength.========================================================================================================ABSTRAK – Analisis Model Gravitasi Peran Perdagangan Indonesia di Negara-negara OKI. Sebagai salah satu negara dengan volume ekonomi terbesar diantara negara-negara Organisasi Kerjasama Islam (OKI), Indonesia memainkan peran penting dalam perekonomian global, terutama melalui kegiatan ekspornya. Kajian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja ekspor dan interaksi ekonomi Indonesia dengan lima negara OKI dengan ekonomi terbesar, yaitu Arab Saudi, Turki, Iran, Nigeria, dan Uni Emirat Arab, periode dari tahun 1989 hingga 2021. Menggunakan model data panel random effect, temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel seperti PDB, Jarak, Indeks Persamaan Ekonomi, dan Kurs dari negara-negara OKI tersebut berdampak positif pada ekspor Indonesia. Selain itu, ekspor Indonesia secara signifikan berkontribusi terhadap pertumbuhan PDB negara-negara OKI tersebut. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya perdagangan Indonesia dalam meningkatkan kapasitas ekonomi negara-negara mitra OKI, sehingga meningkatkan output ekonomi nasional dan cadangan devisa. Hasil ini mendorong revitalisasi perjanjian perdagangan dan pemeliharaan hubungan yang kondusif di antara negara-negara OKI untuk memperkuat kekuatan ekonomi kolektif mereka.