bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Humiliation and state anxiety as predictors of attenuated psychosis in a community sample
Authors: Toh Wei Lin , Lee Stuart J. , Rancie Tim , Penita Phaybian , Moseley Peter , Rossell Susan L.
Published: March 2023

Existing literature suggests that humiliation experiences, coupled with a negative family context, significantly predicts persecutory ideation in non-clinical participants. Whether this may also be linked to attenuated psychotic experiences is unknown. The current study aimed to assess whether familial adversity and humiliation may be related to hallucination-like experiences (HLEs) and other psychotic symptoms, and if state anxiety significantly contributed to these relationships. This cross-sectional study recruited a community sample of 93 adults (38% male; mean age = 27.3 years, standard deviation = 10.8 years), who completed measures of maladaptive familial environments, past and anticipated humiliation experiences, state anxiety and attenuated psychotic symptoms. Correlations and hierarchical regressions tested for direct and indirect relationships amongst study variables. A maladaptive family context, and humiliation (past and anticipated) were positively correlated with HLEs, and facets of attenuated psychotic symptoms. Anxiety uniquely predicted audio-visual and multisensory HLEs. Past humiliation and anxiety jointly predicted cognitive-perceptual disturbance and disorganisation, whereas fear of humiliation and anxiety jointly predicted interpersonal difficulty. Elevated state anxiety, coupled with humiliation, may increase attenuated psychotic symptoms in adulthood. Future research is needed to ascertain if these relationships hold true in clinical cohorts to examine the clinical significance of these data.
Merging Minds: The Conceptual and Ethical Impacts of Emerging Technologies for Collective Minds
Authors: Lyreskog David M. , Zohny Hazem , Savulescu Julian , Singh Ilina
Published: March 2023

A growing number of technologies are currently being developed to improve and distribute thinking and decision-making. Rapid progress in brain-to-brain interfacing and swarming technologies promises to transform how we think about collective and collaborative cognitive tasks across domains, ranging from research to entertainment, and from therapeutics to military applications. As these tools continue to improve, we are prompted to monitor how they may affect our society on a broader level, but also how they may reshape our fundamental understanding of agency, responsibility, and other key concepts of our moral landscape.

In this paper we take a closer look at this class of technologies – Technologies for Collective Minds – to see not only how their implementation may react with commonly held moral values, but also how they challenge our underlying concepts of what constitutes collective or individual agency. We argue that prominent contemporary frameworks for understanding collective agency and responsibility are insufficient in terms of accurately describing the relationships enabled by Technologies for Collective Minds, and that they therefore risk obstructing ethical analysis of the implementation of these technologies in society. We propose a more multidimensional approach to better understand this set of technologies, and to facilitate future research on the ethics of Technologies for Collective Minds.
An eighteen-year longitudinal examination of school victimization and weapon use in California secondary schools
Authors: Benbenishty Rami , Astor Ron Avi , Roziner Ilan
Published: March 2023

Background

School safety has been a major public health issue in the United States and internationally for more than three decades. Many policies and programs have been developed and implemented to prevent school violence, improve the school climate, and increase safety. There are only a few peer-reviewed studies of changes in school violence over time. The study examined changes over time in school victimization, weapon involvement and school climate, comparing change trajectories by gender and race and different change trajectories among schools.

Methods

A longitudinal study of the biennial California Healthy Kids Survey in secondary schools from 2001 to 2019. The representative sample included 6,219,166 students in grades 7, 9, and 11 (48.8% male) from 3253 schools (66% high schools).

Results

All victimization and weapon involvement items had significant and substantial linear reductions. The largest reduction involved being in a physical fight (from 25.4% to 11.0%). There were reductions in weapon involvement (d = 0.46) and victimization (d = 0.38). Biased-based victimization only declined slightly (d = −0.05). School belongingness and safety increased (d = 0.27), adult support increased a small amount (d = 0.05), and student participation declined (d = −0.10). Changes were smallest among White students. Ninety-five percent of the schools showed the same pattern of reductions.

Conclusions

The findings are in contrast to the public’s concerns that school violence is a growing problem. Reductions in school violence may result from social investment in school safety. A distinction should be made between school shootings and other forms of school violence.
Regional Comparative Analysis on the Determinants of the Spaniards’ Financial Knowledge
Authors: Oliver-Márquez Francisco J. , Guarnido-Rueda Almudena , Amate-Fortes Ignacio , Martínez-Navarro Diego
Published: March 2023

Are there regional differences in the determinants of financial knowledge in the Spanish adult population? To answer this question, we use data from the Spanish Survey of Financial Competences to estimate qualitative response models in which each of the "big three" of financial knowledge (inflation, compound interest, and risk diversification) acts as a dependent variable on a set of explanatory variables concerning the particularities of individuals. We find that, while some factors determine financial knowledge in a generalized way in most regions and in the same direction (e.g., gender, education, self-confidence), others do so in different ways depending on the region analyzed. Among the latter are health status and financial fragility (where, in both, the different degree of social protection between regions may play an important role), as well as birthplace and age, among others. Rurality also stands out as having different implications in Navarra than in the rest of the regions. We conclude by proposing to use both longitudinal and aggregate indicators of financial knowledge in Spanish regions in order to analyze in the future related issues that are beyond the possibilities offered by microdata bases.
Effects of Bath Composition and Current Density on the Electrodeposition Behavior of Fe–Ni Invar Alloy
Authors: Kang Na-Young , Lee Jae-Ho
Published: March 2023

Fe–Ni invar alloy (Fe 64–Ni 36 wt%) has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) than any other metals. For this reason, it has been used as fine metal mask (FMM) in RGB patterning of OLED manufacture process. However, as the resolution of OLED display is getting higher, the thickness of FMM is getting thinner and then the conventional extruded invar sheet cannot be used directly. The electrodeposition of invar can be the alternative for fabrication of thin FMM. In this study, the Fe–Ni alloy were electrodeposited varying bath compositions and current density. Also, the effects of ferric ion (Fe3+), produced during electrodeposition on inert anode, on the behavior of deposition were investigated. Finally, the Fe–Ni alloy with 36–40 wt% Ni were obtained at 50 mA/cm2 in 0.30 M Fe2+ bath. The back side and front side composition of the deposits were analyzed to evaluate the composition uniformity of the Fe–Ni alloys. Generally, the Fe content of back side of the deposits were higher than that of front side.

Graphical Abstract
Power Aggregation Operators of Interval-Valued Atanassov-Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets Based on Aczel–Alsina t-Norm and t-Conorm and Their Applications in Decision Making
Authors: Shi Xinming , Ali Zeeshan , Mahmood Tahir , Liu Peide
Published: March 2023

Aczel–Alsina t-norm and t-conorm are important t-norm and t-conorm, and they are extended from algebraic t-norm and t-conorm. Obviously, Aczel–Alsina t-norm and t-conorm are more general than some existing t-norm and t-conorm. Furthermore, the power aggregation (PA) operator is also a very famous and valuable operator which can consider the power relation between any two input parameters. In addition, Interval-valued Atanassov-intuitionistic fuzzy set (IVA-IFS) can easily express uncertain information. In order to fully use their advantages, in this analysis, we extend the PA operators based on Aczel–Alsina t-norm and t-conorm to IVA-IFS and propose the interval-valued Atanassov-intuitionistic fuzzy Aczel–Alsina power averaging (IVA-IFAAPA), interval-valued Atanassov-intuitionistic fuzzy Aczel–Alsina power ordered averaging (IVA-IFAAPOA), interval-valued Atanassov-intuitionistic fuzzy Aczel–Alsina power geometric (IVA-IFAAPG) and interval-valued Atanassov-intuitionistic fuzzy Aczel–Alsina power ordered geometric (IVA-IFAAPOG) operators. Moreover, we discuss the properties of the presented operators such as idempotency, monotonicity, and boundedness. In addition, a multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) procedure is proposed to process the IVA-IF information. Finally, a practical example is used to show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method by comparing it with some existing operators.
Asymptotic normality for -dependent and constrained -statistics, with applications to pattern matching in random strings and permutations
Authors: Janson Svante
Published: March 2023

We study (asymmetric)
$U$
-statistics based on a stationary sequence of
$m$
-dependent variables; moreover, we consider constrained
$U$
-statistics, where the defining multiple sum only includes terms satisfying some restrictions on the gaps between indices. Results include a law of large numbers and a central limit theorem, together with results on rate of convergence, moment convergence, functional convergence, and a renewal theory version.

Special attention is paid to degenerate cases where, after the standard normalization, the asymptotic variance vanishes; in these cases non-normal limits occur after a different normalization.

The results are motivated by applications to pattern matching in random strings and permutations. We obtain both new results and new proofs of old results.
Mixing Writs with Rights: The Implications for Public Law in Sri Lanka
Authors: Gomez Mario
Published: March 2023

Beginning around 1990, judicial interpretation transformed public law in Sri Lanka by blending writs with fundamental rights. On the one hand, the Supreme Court has defined and expanded the constitutional right ‘to equality and equal protection of the law’ by drawing on administrative law concepts of natural justice, reasonableness, legitimate expectation, the duty to provide reasons for decision-making, and proportionality. On the other hand, judges have relied on the Bill of Rights as a standard to assess the decisions of public authorities in writ matters. This relationship between the writs and the rights has had important implications for the growth of public law in Sri Lanka. There has also emerged an incipient ground of review, ‘rights-based review’, as part of the writ jurisdiction, and the ‘public trust doctrine’ in fundamental rights review. Public law has been strengthened by the growth of public interest litigation and the use of new judicial remedies. This article looks at how the writ jurisdiction and rights-based review have evolved in recent times and considers how the two remedies have been used and fused, in a country where the legal and constitutional history has taken a different trajectory to some other post-colonial societies. The article concludes by arguing that this fusion of constitutional and administrative law concepts, together with the expansion in the rules of standing and the emergence of the new concepts of public trust doctrine and fairness, have generated a more robust legal framework that can better protect constitutional rights and democratic freedoms.
A Note on the Timing and Nature of the Moho Geometry and Upper Mantle Structure Beneath Southern New England
Authors: van Staal C. R. , Zagorevski A.
Published: March 2023

New seismic imaging by Luo et al. (2022, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099013) revealed two important lithosphere‐scale structures beneath southern New England: a large offset of the Moho near the suture between Laurentia and accreted exotic terranes, and a remnant of west‐dipping slab rooted in easternmost New England. Formation of a crustal‐scale east‐dipping thrust ramp that offsets the Moho near the Taconic suture, appears to have formed during the Late Paleozoic and hence highlights the potential of reactivation of pre‐existing major structures. Formation of the west‐dipping slab beneath New England also probably is a late feature since there is no evidence it was affected by the late Devonian to Carboniferous collapse of the orogenic Acadian plateau and associated lithospheric thinning, and neither is there any sign that it was impacted by the formation and ascent of the tholeiitic CAMP magmatism in the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic Hartford basin.
Intermittent Generation of Internal Solitary‐Like Waves on the Northern Shelf of the South China Sea
Authors: Bai Xiaolin , Lamb Kevin G. , Liu Zhiyu , Hu Jianyu
Published: March 2023

Predicting the occurrence of internal solitary‐like waves (ISWs) is important for parameterizing turbulent dissipation. ISWs in the northern South China Sea (SCS) are well understood to mainly originate from the Luzon Strait (LS). They are generally predictable due to their phase‐locked relation with tidal forcing in the LS. However, irregular occurrence of ISWs is noted from our 9‐day moored measurements on the SCS shelf. More energetic ISWs unexpectedly appeared during the neap tide than the spring tide. Their occurrence was related to subtidal shelf flows. The tidal and shelf flows had comparable magnitudes. We thus hypothesize that when the total flow meets critical conditions ISWs are generated locally over irregular seafloor. This hypothesis is supported by numerical experiments and validated by observations. Consequently, local generation of ISWs enhances both the intensity and complexity of internal wave field on the shelf, and thus the unpredictability of ISW occurrence.
Reduced Tropical Climate Land Area Under Global Warming
Authors: Adam Ori , Liberty‐Levi Noga , Byrne Michael , Birner Thomas
Published: March 2023

Regions along the edges of the tropics host vast populations and ecosystems which are sensitive to climate change. Here we examine the extent of tropical land areas in the ERA5 and MERRA‐2 reanalyses and in high‐emission scenarios of 45 models participating in phases 5 and 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5/6). Based on the definition of tropical climate land areas as regions where the diurnal temperature range exceeds the seasonal temperature range, we find a net reduction of tropical land area with global warming. This change is primarily due to an increased seasonal temperature range driven by enhanced summer warming, which in turn is largely driven by reduced evaporative cooling. The reduction of tropical climate area is consistent with a narrowing of the tropical rain belt and with an equatorward and poleward expansion of the subtropical dry zones. Understanding the links between these trends requires further study.
Influence of the Initial Beach Profile on the Sediment Transport Processes During Post‐Storm Onshore Bar Migration
Authors: Grossmann Florian , Hurther David , Sánchez‐Arcilla Agustín , Alsina José M.
Published: March 2023

Onshore bar migration is a characteristic bar behavior during post‐storm beach recovery. The present large‐scale experiments, feature bichromatic wave groups over an initially steep (1:15), fully‐evolving beach. The same accretive wave condition is applied on two different post‐storm beach profiles featuring outer and inner bars. They are characterized by a larger (smaller) shoreline erosion and a larger (smaller) outer breaker bar located farther away from (closer to) the shoreline depending on the larger (smaller) energy of the storm condition. After a considerable post‐storm recovery time, similar equilibrium profiles are obtained, stressing the link between wave condition and equilibrium beach configuration. However, the evolution toward the equilibrium is different and depends on the initial morphological condition (post‐storm beach profile). After the larger storm, the morphological evolution is termed accretive merging (AM) and characterized by merging of the two bars (outer bar dissipation). After the smaller storm, the morphological evolution denoted as accretive non‐merging (AN) is characterized by onshore migration of the two bars with constant distance between them (bar maintenance). This study focuses on processes around the outer bar. During AN it features wave breaking, causing large suspended net offshore transport. AM, in contrast, mainly features bedload related to short wave asymmetries and low decomposed net transport rate magnitudes. High suspended net offshore transport occurs solely onshore of the outer bar trough. This causes filling of the bar trough and bar dissipation during migration. Additionally, processes around the outer bars are linked to accretion onshore of the bars and at the shoreline.
New Insights Into Freezing Behavior of Saturated and Air‐Entrained Porous Media via a Micromechanics‐Based Thermo‐Hydro‐Mechanical Model
Authors: Guo Weiqi , Wang Fengjuan , Wu Yang , Jiang Jinyang , Xu Wenxiang
Published: March 2023

A micromechanics‐based thermo‐hydro‐mechanical model for capturing the freezing behavior of porous media is devised, where a microstructure‐dependent constitutive relation, thermo‐hydro‐mechanical conditions, and the origin of freezing deformation are comprehensively considered. A micromechanical upscaling approach is proposed to improve the physical understanding of the freezing behavior of porous media. Comparisons against experimental and theoretical results suggest that the present model is a reliable means to predict the freezing deformation of saturated and air‐entrained porous media. The results show that the freezing deformation induced by the hydraulic pressure strongly depends on the boundary and air‐entrained conditions, and the undercooling phenomenon can be captured well. Moreover, the magnitude of surface energy (0–8 MPa) is in the ascending order of saturated undrained, drained, and air‐entrained conditions. The proposed model sheds light on the quantitative effects of freezing rate, liquid water transfer, and pore shape on the freezing deformation of porous media, which can provide insights into the freezing resistance mechanism of porous media.
Climate change-related warming reduces thermal sensitivity and modifies metabolic activity of coastal benthic bacterial communities
Authors: Seidel Laura , Broman Elias , Nilsson Emelie , Ståhle Magnus , Ketzer Marcelo , Pérez-Martínez Clara , Turner Stephanie , Hylander Samuel , Pinhassi Jarone , Forsman Anders , Dopson Mark
Published: March 2023

Besides long-term average temperature increases, climate change is projected to result in a higher frequency of marine heatwaves. Coastal zones are some of the most productive and vulnerable ecosystems, with many stretches already under anthropogenic pressure. Microorganisms in coastal areas are central to marine energy and nutrient cycling and therefore, it is important to understand how climate change will alter these ecosystems. Using a long-term heated bay (warmed for 50 years) in comparison with an unaffected adjacent control bay and an experimental short-term thermal (9 days at 6–35 °C) incubation experiment, this study provides new insights into how coastal benthic water and surface sediment bacterial communities respond to temperature change. Benthic bacterial communities in the two bays reacted differently to temperature increases with productivity in the heated bay having a broader thermal tolerance compared with that in the control bay. Furthermore, the transcriptional analysis showed that the heated bay benthic bacteria had higher transcript numbers related to energy metabolism and stress compared to the control bay, while short-term elevated temperatures in the control bay incubation experiment induced a transcript response resembling that observed in the heated bay field conditions. In contrast, a reciprocal response was not observed for the heated bay community RNA transcripts exposed to lower temperatures indicating a potential tipping point in community response may have been reached. In summary, long-term warming modulates the performance, productivity, and resilience of bacterial communities in response to warming.
Transglutaminase 2 associated with PI3K and PTEN in a membrane-bound signalosome platform blunts cell death
Authors: Jambrovics Károly , Botó Pál , Pap Attila , Sarang Zsolt , Kolostyák Zsuzsanna , Czimmerer Zsolt , Szatmari Istvan , Fésüs László , Uray Iván P. , Balajthy Zoltán
Published: March 2023

Atypically expressed transglutaminase 2 (TG2) has been identified as a poor prognostic factor in a variety of cancers. In this study, we evaluated the contribution of TG2 to the prolonged cell survival of differentiated acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) cells in response to the standard treatment with combined retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO). We report that one advantage of ATRA + ATO treatment compared to ATRA alone diminishes the amount of activated and non-activated CD11b/CD18 and CD11c/CD18 cell surface integrin receptors. These changes suppress ATRA-induced TG2 docking on the cytosolic part of CD18 β2-integrin subunits and reduce cell survival. In addition, TG2 overexpresses and hyperactivates the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), phospho-AKT S473, and phospho-mTOR S2481 signalling axis. mTORC2 acts as a functional switch between cell survival and death by promoting the full activation of AKT. We show that TG2 presumably triggers the formation of a signalosome platform, hyperactivates downstream mTORC2-AKT signalling, which in turn phosphorylates and inhibits the activity of FOXO3, a key pro-apoptotic transcription factor. In contrast, the absence of TG2 restores basic phospho-mTOR S2481, phospho-AKT S473, PI3K, and PTEN expression and activity, thereby sensitising APL cells to ATO-induced cell death. We conclude, that atypically expressed TG2 may serve as a hub, facilitating signal transduction via signalosome formation by the CD18 subunit with both PI3K hyperactivation and PTEN inactivation through the PI3K-PTEN cycle in ATRA-treated APL cells.
SARS-CoV2 billion-compound docking
Authors: Rogers David M. , Agarwal Rupesh , Vermaas Josh V. , Smith Micholas Dean , Rajeshwar Rajitha T. , Cooper Connor , Sedova Ada , Boehm Swen , Baker Matthew , Glaser Jens , Smith Jeremy C.
Published: March 2023

This dataset contains ligand conformations and docking scores for 1.4 billion molecules docked against 6 structural targets from SARS-CoV2, representing 5 unique proteins: MPro, NSP15, PLPro, RDRP, and the Spike protein. Docking was carried out using the AutoDock-GPU platform on the Summit supercomputer and Google Cloud. The docking procedure employed the Solis Wets search method to generate 20 independent ligand binding poses per compound. Each compound geometry was scored using the AutoDock free energy estimate, and rescored using RFScore v3 and DUD-E machine-learned rescoring models. Input protein structures are included, suitable for use by AutoDock-GPU and other docking programs. As the result of an exceptionally large docking campaign, this dataset represents a valuable resource for discovering trends across small molecule and protein binding sites, training AI models, and comparing to inhibitor compounds targeting SARS-CoV-2. The work also gives an example of how to organize and process data from ultra-large docking screens.
Environmental remediation at vegetable marketplaces through production of biowaste catalysts for biofuel generation
Authors: Sathish T. , Saravanan R. , Depoures Melvin Victor , Palanikumar B. , Rajasimman M. , Rajkumar S.
Published: March 2023

Large quantities of vegetable biowaste are generated at marketplaces, usually in highly populated locations. On the other hand, nearby markets, hotels, and street shops generate much cooking oil waste and dispose of them in the sewage. Environmental remediation is mandatory at these places. Hence, this experimental work concentrated on preparing biodiesel using green plant wastes and cooking oil. Biowaste catalysts were produced from vegetable wastes and biofuel generated from waste cooking oil using biowaste catalysts to support diesel demand and Environmental remediation. Other organic plant wastes such as bagasse, papaya stem, banana peduncle and moringa oleifera are used as heterogeneous catalysts of this research work. Initially, the plant wastes are independently considered for the catalyst for biodiesel production; secondary, all plant wastes are mixed to form a single catalyst and used to prepare the biodiesel. In the maximum biodiesel yield analysis, the calcination temperature, reaction temperature, methanol/oil ratio, catalyst loading and mixing speed were considered to control the biodiesel production. The results reveal that the catalyst loading of 4.5 wt% with mixed plant waste catalyst offered a maximum biodiesel yield of 95%.
Unusual microwave heating of water in reverse micellar solution
Authors: Murakami Hiroshi
Published: March 2023

Microwaves (MWs) are widely used for heating food, accelerating chemical reactions, drying materials, therapies, and so on. Water molecules absorb MWs and produce heat because of their substantial electric dipole moments. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to accelerating various catalytic reactions in water-containing porous materials using MW irradiation. Here, a critical question is whether water in nanoscale pores generates heat in the same way as liquid water. Is it valid that MW-heating behaviors of nanoconfined water are estimated solely by a dielectric constant of liquid water? There are almost no studies regarding this question. Here, we address it using reverse micellar (RM) solutions. Reverse micelles are water-containing nanoscale cages formed by self-assembled surfactant molecules in oil. We measured real-time temperature changes of liquid samples within a waveguide under MW irradiation at 2.45 GHz and at MW intensities of ~ 3 to ~ 12 W/cm2. We found that the heat production and its rate per unit volume of water in the RM solution are about one order of magnitude larger than those of liquid water at all the MW intensities examined. This indicates that water spots that are much hotter than liquid water under MW irradiation at the same intensity, are formed in the RM solution. Our findings will give fundamental information to develop effective and energy-saving chemical reactions in nanoscale reactors with water under MW irradiation, and to study MW effects on various aqueous mediums with nanoconfined water. Furthermore, the RM solution will serve as a platform to study the impact of nanoconfined water on MW-assisted reactions.
Ameliorative effects of zinc supplementation on cognitive function and hippocampal leptin signaling pathway in obese male and female rats
Authors: Hafez Lamia M. , Aboudeya Hebatallah Mohammed , Matar Noura A. , El-Sebeay Ashraf S. , Nomair Azhar Mohamed , El-hamshary Shaymaa Ali , Nomeir Hanan Mohamed , Ibrahim Fawziya A. R.
Published: March 2023

Obesity has been associated with cognitive impairments, increasing the probability of developing dementia. Recently, zinc (Zn) supplementation has attracted an increasing attention as a therapeutic agent for cognitive disorders. Here, we investigated the potential effects of low and high doses of Zn supplementation on cognitive biomarkers and leptin signaling pathway in the hippocampus of high fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. We also explored the impact of sex difference on the response to treatment. Our results revealed a significant increase in body weight, glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), total lipids and leptin levels in obese rats as compared to controls. HFD feeding also reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the hippocampus of both sexes. The low and high doses of Zn supplementation improved glucose, TG, leptin, BDNF levels and AChE activity in both male and female obese rats compared to untreated ones. Additionally, downregulated expression of leptin receptor (LepR) gene and increased levels of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) that observed in hippocampal tissues of obese rats were successfully normalized by both doses of Zn. In this study, the male rats were more vulnerable to HFD-induced weight gain, most of the metabolic alterations and cognition deficits than females, whereas the female obese rats were more responsive to Zn treatment. In conclusion, we suggest that Zn treatment may be effective in ameliorating obesity-related metabolic dysfunction, central leptin resistance and cognitive deficits. In addition, our findings provide evidence that males and females might differ in their response to Zn treatment.
In vitro wound healing potential of cyclohexane extract of Onosma dichroantha Boiss. based on bioassay-guided fractionation
Authors: Safavi Fereshteh , Moridi Farimani Mahdi , Golalipour Masoud , Bayat Houman
Published: March 2023

Onosma dichroantha Boiss. is a biennial herb used in traditional medicine in Iran for healing wounds and burns. Our previous study demonstrated that cyclohexane extract of O. dichroantha Boiss. enhanced wound healing in vitro. The aim of the present study was to identify the active fractions and compounds responsible for this effect through bio-guided fractionation followed by three in vitro tests for anti-inflammation, proliferation, and migration (scratch test). Fractionation of the CE extract yielded six fractions (Fr. A to Fr. F). Fr. F showed the most remarkable wound healing activity in three assays. Fr. F was further fractionated into five subfractions (FF-SUB1 to FF-SUB5). FF-SUB1 and FF-SUB2 were selected for further purification based on their wound healing activity. The major components, F. F1 to F. F5, were isolated from these two subfractions and identified as acetylshikonin, deoxyshikonin, β, β-dimethylacrylshikonin, β-hydroxyisovalerylshikonin, and trans-anethole of the active subfractions. Bioassay-guided fractionation revealed that naphthoquinone derivatives, as an active component, are responsible for the wound healing properties of the fractions and subfractions of cyclohexane extract of O. dichroantha roots. The findings indicate that these fractions and subsections, as well as purified compounds, have a high potential for further investigation as an effective therapeutic agent in wound healing using in vivo models.
A comparison of machine learning models’ accuracy in predicting lower-limb joints’ kinematics, kinetics, and muscle forces from wearable sensors
Authors: Moghadam Shima Mohammadi , Yeung Ted , Choisne Julie
Published: March 2023

A combination of wearable sensors’ data and Machine Learning (ML) techniques has been used in many studies to predict specific joint angles and moments. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of four different non-linear regression ML models to estimate lower-limb joints’ kinematics, kinetics, and muscle forces using Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) and electromyographys’ (EMGs) data. Seventeen healthy volunteers (9F, 28 ± 5 years) were asked to walk over-ground for a minimum of 16 trials. For each trial, marker trajectories and three force-plates data were recorded to calculate pelvis, hip, knee, and ankle kinematics and kinetics, and muscle forces (the targets), as well as 7 IMUs and 16 EMGs. The features from sensors’ data were extracted using the Tsfresh python package and fed into 4 ML models; Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine, and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline for targets’ prediction. The RF and CNN models outperformed the other ML models by providing lower prediction errors in all intended targets with a lower computational cost. This study suggested that a combination of wearable sensors’ data with an RF or a CNN model is a promising tool to overcome the limitations of traditional optical motion capture for 3D gait analysis.
Relationship between facial skin problems with a focus on inflammatory cytokines and the presence of Malassezia in 1-month-old infants
Authors: Shimizu Satsuki , Yonezawa Kaori , Haruna Megumi , Tahara-Sasagawa Emi , Usui Yuriko , Minematsu Takeo , Higuchi Sachi
Published: March 2023

Infantile skin problems not only cause temporary pain and discomfort, but also have a long-term impact on health. Hence, the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to clarify the relationship between inflammatory cytokines and Malassezia fungal facial skin problems in infants. Ninety-six 1-month-old infants were examined. Facial skin problems and the presence of inflammatory cytokines in the forehead skin were assessed using the infant facial skin visual assessment tool (IFSAT) and the skin blotting method, respectively. Malassezia, a fungal commensal, was detected using forehead skin swabs, and its percentage in the total fungal population was analyzed. Infants with positive interleukin-8 signals were more likely to have severe facial skin problems (p = 0.006) and forehead papules (p = 0.043). No significant association between IFSAT scores and Malassezia was found, but infants with forehead dryness had a lower percentage of M. arunalokei in the total fungal population (p = 0.006). No significant association was observed between inflammatory cytokines and Malassezia in the study participants. Longitudinal studies on the development of facial skin problems in infants are warranted to investigate the involvement of interleukin-8 and devise preventive strategies in the future.
Numerically analysis of Marangoni convective flow of hybrid nanofluid over an infinite disk with thermophoresis particle deposition
Authors: Abbas Munawar , Khan Nargis , Hashmi M. S. , Younis Jihad
Published: March 2023

This study discusses the flow of hybrid nanofluid over an infinite disk in a Darcy–Forchheimer permeable medium with variable thermal conductivity and viscosity. The objective of the current theoretical investigation is to identify the thermal energy characteristics of the nanomaterial flow resulting from thermo-solutal Marangoni convection on a disc surface. By including the impacts of activation energy, heat source, thermophoretic particle deposition and microorganisms the proposed mathematical model becomes more novel. The Cattaneo-Christov mass and heat flux law is taken into account when examining the features of mass and heat transmission rather than the traditional Fourier and Fick heat and mass flux law. MoS2 and Ag nanoparticles are dispersed in the base fluid water to synthesize the hybrid nanofluid. PDEs are transformed to ODEs by using similarity transformations. The RKF-45th order shooting method is used to solve the equations. With the use of appropriate graphs, the effects of a number of non-dimensional parameters on velocity, concentration, microorganism, and temperature fields are addressed. The local Nusselt number, density of motile microorganisms and Sherwood number are calculated numerically and graphically to derive correlations in terms of the relevant key parameters. The findings show that as we increase the Marangoni convection parameter, skin friction, local density of motile microorganisms, Sherwood number, velocity, temperature and microorganisms profiles increase, whereas Nusselt number and concentration profile exhibit an opposite behavior. The fluid velocity is reduced as a result of enhancing the Forchheimer parameter and Darcy parameter.
Characteristics of external loads of Hockey5s associated with the new version of U16 youth field hockey competition
Authors: Konarski Jan M. , Andrzejewski Marcin , Konefał Marek , Chmura Paweł , Skrzypczak Mateusz , Zahalka Frantisek , Maly Tomas , Malina Robert M.
Published: March 2023

External workloads associated Hockey 5 s, the new version of youth field hockey, were evaluated in 31 elite U16 male field players (15.4 ± 0.7 years) from three national teams. Mixed-longitudinal observations for the 31 players provided complete data for 33 forwards and 43 defenders. Activities of the players during games were monitored with the GPSports SPI Elite System with a sampling frequency of 10 Hz and were analysed with GPSports Team AMS (version R1 2015.14, Australia). Observed variables did not differ between forwards and defenders, and the three periods of play were differentiated only by maximal speed in the second and third periods. The greatest distances covered were in speed zone 3 (10.0–15.9 km h−1; 35.5–38.2%) and the smallest in speed zones 4 (16.0–22.9 km h−1; 14.8–15.6%) and 5 (> 23 km h−1; 0.4–1.4%). The trends indicated high intensity levels for the entire match and by position and periods. Active time of forwards and defenders accounted for about one-half of a game’s duration (~ 15.7 of 30 min). Overall, the Hockey 5s format was highly demanding of players and included relatively short intervals for recovery. The results emphasize the need for preparation that includes specific mixed anaerobic and aerobic training and also the importance of recovery during breaks.
Transformation and expressional studies of GaZnF gene to improve drought tolerance in Gossypium hirsutum
Authors: Batool Fatima , Hassan Sameera , Azam Saira , Sher Zunaira , Ali Qurban , Rashid Bushra
Published: March 2023

Drought stress is the major limiting factor in plant growth and production. Cotton is a significant crop as textile fiber and oilseed, but its production is generally affected by drought stress, mainly in dry regions. This study aimed to investigate the expression of Zinc finger transcription factor’s gene (GaZnF) to enhance the drought tolerance in Gossypium hirsutum. Sequence features of the GaZnF protein were recognized through different bioinformatics tools like multiple sequence alignment analysis, phylogenetic tree for evolutionary relationships, Protein motifs, a transmembrane domain, secondary structure and physio-chemical properties indicating that GaZnF is a stable protein. CIM-482, a local Gossypium hirsutum variety was transformed with GaZnF through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method with 2.57% transformation efficiency. The integration of GaZnF was confirmed through Southern blot showing 531 bp, and Western blot indicated a 95 kDa transgene-GUS fusion band in transgenic plants. The normalized real-time expression analysis revealed the highest relative fold spatial expression of cDNA of GaZnF within leaf tissues at vegetative and flowering stages under drought stress. Morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters of transgenic cotton plants at 05- and 10-day drought stress was higher than those of non-transgenic control plants. The values of fresh and dry biomass, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance reduced in GaZnF transgenic cotton plants at 05- and 10-day drought stress, but their values were less low in transgenic plants than those of non-transgenic control plants. These findings showed that GaZnF gene expression in transgenic plants could be a valuable source for the development of drought-tolerant homozygous lines through breeding.
Detection of CpG methylation level using methyl-CpG-binding domain-fused fluorescent protein
Authors: Fujita Marika , Goto Masanori , Tanaka Masayoshi , Yoshida Wataru
Published: March 2023

We developed a hybridization-based CpG methylation level detection system using methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD)-fused fluorescent protein, which is applicable to genome-wide DNA modification detection using microarrays.
Zircon PrVO4: an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for tandem oxidative synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted quinoline derivatives
Authors: Yadav Neetu , Gopalaiah Kovuru , Pandey Jyoti , Nagarajan Rajamani
Published: March 2023

The use of inherent redox couplets in PrVO4 for the one-pot synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted quinolines through the oxidative tandem reaction of 2-aminobenzylalcohols with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds has been demonstrated.
Environmentally friendly anti-solvent engineering for high-efficiency tin-based perovskite solar cells
Authors: Su Yang , Yang Jia , Rao Huan , Zhong Yang , Sheng Wangping , Tan Licheng , Chen Yiwang
Published: March 2023

Pioneeringly, we point out a general principle for selecting an appropriate anti-solvent. Salting-out crystallization induced by a green anti-solvent (acetic acid, HAc) has been used for the first time to fabricate Sn-based PVSCs with an efficiency of 12.78%.
A natural indirect-to-direct band gap transition in artificially fabricated MoS2 and MoSe2 flowers
Authors: Zhou Jun , Cui Juan , Du Shuo , Zhao Zihan , Guo Jianfeng , Li Songyang , Zhang Weifeng , Liu Nan , Li Xiaotian , Bai Qinghu , Guo Yang , Mi Shuo , Cheng Zhihai , He Lin , Nie J. C. , Yang Yu , Dou Ruifen
Published: March 2023

In this work, tB-MoS2 and MoSe2 flower-like structures were produced using a CVD method. An indirect-to-direct energy band gap transition was shown in the region away from the flower center in the structures, accompanied by an enhanced PL intensity.
Surface polarization, field homogeneity, and dielectric breakdown in ordered and disordered nanodielectrics based on gold–polystyrene superlattices
Authors: Buchheit Roman , Niebuur Bart-Jan , González-García Lola , Kraus Tobias
Published: March 2023

Hybrid dielectrics were prepared from dispersions of nanoparticles with gold cores (diameters from 2.9 nm to 8.2 nm) and covalently bound thiol-terminated polystyrene shells (5000 Da and 11 000 Da) in toluene.
Phomopsischalins A–C, polycyclic-fused cytochalasins from the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. shj2 and their abilities to induce lysosomal function
Authors: Chen Rong , Guo Li-Jing , Li Xue-Dan , Li Xing-Ren , Hu Kun , Tang Jian-Wei , Ye Zhen-Nan , Yan Bing-Chao , Puno Pema-Tenzin
Published: March 2023

Phomopsischalins A−C (1–3), two classes of polycyclic-fused cytochalasins, were discovered from Phomopsis sp. shj2. Compound 2 is the first example of a cytochalasin accelerating lysosome function in a transcription factor EB-independent manner.
Retraction: Smart rose flower like bioceramic/metal oxide dual layer coating with enhanced anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-corrosive and biocompatible properties for improved orthopedic applications
Authors: Murugan N. , Kavitha L. , Shinyjoy E. , Rajeswari D. , Vimala K. , Kannan S. , Gopi D.
Published: March 2023

Retraction of ‘Smart rose flower like bioceramic/metal oxide dual layer coating with enhanced anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-corrosive and biocompatible properties for improved orthopedic applications’ by N. Murugan et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 85831–85844, https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA17747B.
Promoting nitrate electroreduction to ammonia over A-site deficient cobalt-based perovskite oxides
Authors: Liu Fulong , Zhang Zhenbao , Shi Lei , Zhang Yu , Qiu Xiaoyu , Dong Yuming , Jiang Heqing , Zhu Yongfa , Zhu Jiawei
Published: March 2023

Regulation of oxygen vacancies to promote nitrate-to-ammonia conversion by introducing A-site deficiencies in cobalt-based perovskite oxides.
Vanishing viscosity in mean-field optimal control
Authors: Ciampa Gennaro , Rossi Francesco
Published: March 2023

We show the existence of Lipschitz-in-space optimal controls for a class of mean-field control problems with dynamics given by a non-local continuity equation. The proof relies on a vanishing viscosity method: we prove the convergence of the same problem where a diffusion term is added, with a small viscosity parameter.

By using stochastic optimal control, we first show the existence of a sequence of optimal controls for the problem with diffusion. We then build the optimizer of the original problem by letting the viscosity parameter go to zero.
A numerical 3D fluid-structure interaction model for blood flow in a MRI-based atherosclerotic artery
Authors: El Khatib Nader , Kafi Oualid , Oliveira Diana , Sequeira Adélia , Tiago Jorge
Published: March 2023

Atherosclerosis, as a result of an inflammatory process, is the thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries that is associated with the formation of atherosclerotic plaques within the arterial intima, which present a double threat. A piece of vulnerable plaque can break off and be carried by the bloodstream until it gets stuck; and plaque that narrows an artery may lead to a thrombus that sticks to the blood vessel’s inner wall. The purpose of the present article is to compare effects across different atheromatous plaque material assumptions on hemodynamics and biomechanics within a partly patient-specific computational domain representing an atherosclerotic artery. A full scale 3D ESI numerical model is implemented and different material hyperelastic assumptions are considered for comparison purposes. The 3D realistic geometry is reconstructed from a medical image. This technique may be useful, specially with the recent advances in computer-aided design (CAD), medical imaging, and 3D printing technologies that have provided a rapid and cost efficient method to generate arterial stenotic biomodels, making in vitro studies a valuable and powerful tool. To understand our results, hemodynamic parameters and structural stress analysis were performed. The results are consistent with previous findings.
Psychiatrische Pflege in der Schematherapie
Authors: Erdal Jessika
Published: March 2023

Die Schematherapie ist ein wirkungsvolles Konzept, von dem Patienten nachhaltig profitieren können. Welche Elemente diese Therapieform beinhaltet, wie sie abläuft und wie die psychiatrische Pflege im Therapieprozess wirkungsvoll mitarbeiten kann, erfahren Sie im CNE Schwerpunkt.
Krankenhausreform: Was ist geplant?
Authors: Lukuc Sarah , Roßius Sabrina
Published: March 2023

Immer mehr Kliniken müssen ihre Kapazitäten reduzieren, weil sie eine fachgerechte Versorgung nicht mehr gewährleisten können. Klar ist: Um unser Gesundheitssystem zu stabilisieren, muss eine umfassende Reform her. Wo es am meisten hakt und welche Empfehlungen zur Verbesserung bisher vorliegen, lesen Sie hier.
A Comparison of Smooth and Microtextured Breast Implants in Breast Augmentation: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Lee Joo Hyuck , Jang Jae Hyuk , Min Kyung Hee
Published: March 2023

Background The number of cosmetic and reconstructive surgeries that use breast implants is increasing in Korea. Recently, it has been reported that breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma is related to textured breast implants, and interest in classification according to the texture of breast implants is increasing. However, there is currently no clear and unified classification. In particular, the definition of “microtextured” is highly varied. In this study, we retrospectively investigated and analyzed the clinical outcomes of smooth and microtextured breast implants.

Methods A retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent breast augmentation surgery with smooth and microtextured silicone gel implants between January 2016 and July 2020 was performed. We retrospectively analyzed implant manufacturer, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, incision location, implant size, follow-up period, complications, and reoperation rate.

Results A total of 266 patients underwent breast augmentation surgery, of which 181 used smooth silicone gel implants and 85 used microtextured silicone gel implants. Age, BMI, smoking status, implant size, and follow-up period were not significantly different between the two groups. Similarly, complications and reoperation rates were not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusion It is important to provide information regarding the clinical risks and benefits of breast implants to surgeons and patients through a clear and unified classification according to the texture of the breast implant.