bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROTEIN SUB-CELLULAR LOCALIZATION PREDICTION FOR SPECIAL COMPARTMENTS VIA OPTIMIZED TIME SERIES DISTANCES
Authors: MERNBERGER MARCO , MOOG DANIEL , STORK SIMONE , ZAUNER STEFAN , MAIER UWE G. , HÜLLERMEIER EYKE
Published: October 2013

Predicting the sub-cellular localization of proteins is an important task in bioinformatics, for which many standard prediction tools are available. While these tools are powerful in general and capable of predicting protein localization for the most common compartments, their performance strongly depends on the organism of interest. More importantly, there are special compartments, such as the apicoplast of apicomplexan parasites, for which these tools cannot provide a prediction at all. In the absence of a highly conserved targeting signal, even motif searches may not be able to provide a lead for the accurate prediction of protein localization for a compartment of interest. In order to approach difficult cases of that kind, we propose an alternative method that complements existing approaches by using a more targeted protein sequence model. Moreover, our method makes use of (weighted) measures for time series comparison. To demonstrate its performance, we use this method for predicting localization in special compartments of three different species, for which existing methods yield only sub-optimal results. As shown experimentally, our method is indeed capable of producing reliable predictions of sub-cellular localization for difficult cases, i.e. if training data is scarce and a potential protein targeting signal may not be well conserved.
IS PROTEIN FOLDING PROBLEM REALLY A NP-COMPLETE ONE? FIRST INVESTIGATIONS
Authors: GUYEUX CHRISTOPHE , CÔTÉ NATHALIE M.-L. , BAHI JACQUES M. , BIENIA WOJCIECH
Published: October 2013

To determine the 3D conformation of proteins is a necessity to understand their functions or interactions with other molecules. It is commonly admitted that, when proteins fold from their primary linear structures to their final 3D conformations, they tend to choose the ones that minimize their free energy. To find the 3D conformation of a protein knowing its amino acid sequence, bioinformaticians use various models of different resolutions and artificial intelligence tools, as the protein folding prediction problem is a NP complete one. More precisely, to determine the backbone structure of the protein using the low resolution models (2D HP square and 3D HP cubic), by finding the conformation that minimizes free energy, is intractable exactly. Both proofs of NP-completeness and the 2D prediction consider that acceptable conformations have to satisfy a self-avoiding walk (SAW) requirement, as two different amino acids cannot occupy a same position in the lattice. It is shown in this document that the SAW requirement considered when proving NP-completeness is different from the SAW requirement used in various prediction programs, and that they are different from the real biological requirement. Indeed, the proof of NP completeness and the predictions in silico consider conformations that are not possible in practice. Consequences of this fact are investigated in this research work.
STRUCTURAL RESPONSE TO HIGH IMPULSIVE LOADS: DYNAMIC EFFECTS AND ANALYSIS APPROACHES
Authors: LU YONG
Published: October 2013

Structural response to high impulsive loads such as impact and blast involves a series of dynamic effects of distinctive characteristics. These vary from the high intensity, high strain rate effect at the material level; various dynamic modes and failure mechanisms at the structural component level; to the dynamic amplification associated with the transition to a typical double-span mechanism in the process of the progressive collapse due to a sudden removal of vertical load carrying member(s). This paper discusses the characteristics of these different dynamic effects and introduces some associated research studies. The governing mechanisms in the different regimes of dynamic effects are highlighted and appropriate analytical and numerical modeling approaches are discussed.
A review of synthetic methods for the production of upconverting lanthanide nanoparticles
Authors: Gainer Christian F. , Romanowski Marek
Published: October 2013

Upconverting lanthanide nanoparticles overcome many of the problems associated with more traditionally used luminescent contrast agents, such as photobleaching, autofluorescence, cytotoxicity and phototoxicity. For this reason, they are an attractive choice for biomedical imaging applications, particularly for imaging in living tissues. The last decade has seen numerous improvements to these nanocrystals, but a comprehensive guide to the synthesis of upconverting lanthanide nanoparticles has not yet been written. Methods vary from paper to paper and from group to group, and results vary between research groups for each method. For this reason, development of these nanoparticles remains a significant endeavor for any research group interested in joining the field. In this review, we look at the varying synthetic methods employed over the last decade and detail methodology for a select few that have been favored in the field.
Online quantitative analysis of soluble solids content in navel oranges using visible-near infrared spectroscopy and variable selection methods
Authors: Liu Yande , Zhou Yanrui , Pan Yuanyuan
Published: October 2013

Variable selection is applied widely for visible-near infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy analysis of internal quality in fruits. Different spectral variable selection methods were compared for online quantitative analysis of soluble solids content (SSC) in navel oranges. Moving window partial least squares (MW-PLS), Monte Carlo uninformative variables elimination (MC-UVE) and wavelet transform (WT) combined with the MC-UVE method were used to select the spectral variables and develop the calibration models of online analysis of SSC in navel oranges. The performances of these methods were compared for modeling the Vis-NIR data sets of navel orange samples. Results show that the WT-MC-UVE methods gave better calibration models with the higher correlation coefficient (r) of 0.89 and lower root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.54 at 5 fruits per second. It concluded that Vis-NIR spectroscopy coupled with WT-MC-UVE may be a fast and effective tool for online quantitative analysis of SSC in navel oranges.
Photoactivation of GLUT4 translocation promotes glucose uptake via PI3-K/Akt2 signaling in 3T3-L1 adipocytes
Authors: Huang Lei , Gong Longlong , Jiang Xiaoxiao , Xing Da
Published: October 2013

Insulin resistance is a hallmark of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Dysfunction of PI-3K/Akt signaling was involved in insulin resistance. Glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) is a key factor for glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissues, which is closely regulated by PI-3K/Akt signaling in response to insulin treatment. Low-power laser irradiation (LPLI) has been shown to regulate various physiological processes and induce the synthesis or release of multiple molecules such as growth factors, which (especially red and near infrared light) is mainly through the activation of mitochondrial respiratory chain and the initiation of intracellular signaling pathways. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether LPLI could promote glucose uptake through activation of PI-3K/Akt/GLUT4 signaling in 3T3L-1 adipocytes. In this study, we investigated how LPLI promoted glucose uptake through activation of PI-3K/Akt/GLUT4 signaling pathway. Here, we showed that GLUT4 was localized to the Golgi apparatus and translocated from cytoplasm to cytomembrane upon LPLI treatment in 3T3L-1 adipocytes, which enhanced glucose uptake. Moreover, we found that glucose uptake was mediated by the PI3-K/Akt2 signaling, but not Akt1 upon LPLI treatment with Akt isoforms gene silence and PI3-K/Akt inhibitors. Collectively, our results indicate that PI3-K/Akt2/GLUT4 signaling act as the key regulators for improvement of glucose uptake under LPLI treatment in 3T3L-1 adipocytes. More importantly, our findings suggest that activation of PI3-K/Akt2/GLUT4 signaling by LPLI may provide guidance in practical applications for promotion of glucose uptake in insulin-resistant adipose tissue.
Chapter 10 Stratigraphy and geological evolution of the Lipari volcanic complex (central Aeolian archipelago)
Authors: Forni F. , Lucchi F. , Peccerillo A. , Tranne C. A. , Rossi P. L. , Frezzotti M. L.
Published: October 2013

The Lipari volcanic complex, situated in the central Aeolian sector, was constructed between
c.
267 ka and medieval ages by various lava flows, scoriaceous deposits, lava domes (coulees) and pyroclastic products related to hydromagmatic and strombolian activities. The eruptive history of Lipari is described by nine Epochs of activity interrupted by dormant periods, volcano-tectonic phases and episodes of terrace formation during the Last Interglacial. Several partially overlapping volcanic edifices were active through time, mostly under control of the NNW–SSE and north–south (minor east–west) regional tectonic trends. The latest eruptive events of M. Pilato and Rocche Rosse occurred from AD 776 to 1220. Lipari rocks range from calc-alkaline basaltic andesites to rhyolites, with silicic rocks dominating during the last 43 ka. There is a clear increase in K
2
O and incompatible elements with time, with distinct trends for mafic-intermediate and silicic rocks. Sr, Nd and Pb isotope ratios are highly variable. Petrographic and geochemical data suggest AFC (assimilation plus fractional crystallization) and mixing as the main magma evolution processes, with important effects of crustal anatexis, in the context of a polybaric feeding system.

DVD:

The 10 000 scale geological map of Lipari is included on the DVD in the printed book and can also be accessed online at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/Memoir37-electronic
. Also included is a full geochemical data set for Lipari.
Chapter 4 Bathy-morphological setting of the Aeolian Islands
Authors: Romagnoli C. , Casalbore D. , Bortoluzzi G. , Bosman A. , Chiocci F. L. , D’Oriano F. , Gamberi F. , Ligi M. , Marani M.
Published: October 2013

An updated bathy-morphological setting of the Aeolian Islands is presented, based on new detailed bathymetric maps of the western, central and eastern sectors of the archipelago. In recent years, the acquisition of multibeam swath bathymetry has greatly expanded knowledge of the submarine portions of the Aeolian volcanic edifices, revealing that their submarine extension is much wider than that of the islands. Indications given by the submarine setting are fundamental for better understanding of the evolution of volcanism and the control exerted by main structural lineaments, as well as to locate large-scale flank instability events and recent submarine eruptive activity.

DVD:

Bathymetric maps of the eastern, central and western sectors are included on the DVD in the printed book and can also be accessed online at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/Memoir37-electronic
Chapter 6 Regional stratigraphic correlations across the Aeolian archipelago (southern Italy)
Authors: Lucchi F. , Keller J. , Tranne C. A.
Published: October 2013

A regional framework for stratigraphic correlations in the Aeolian archipelago is provided by widespread tephra layers and Late Quaternary marine terrace deposits combined with the available radiometric ages. Several tephra layers of Campanian and Aeolian provenance extending back to
c.
110 ka are reported. The most important key-beds are the Ischia Tephra (56 ka), the Grey Porri Tuffs (70–67 ka) and Lower Pollara products (27.5 ka) from Salina, the M. Guardia pyroclastics from Lipari (27–24 ka) and the Brown Tuffs from Vulcano (
c.
70–8 ka). Late Quaternary marine terrace deposits are recognized along the coastal slopes of most of the Aeolian archipelago. They record distinct interglacial sea-level peaks during marine isotope stages (MIS) 5 and 7 in a context of prevalent long-term crustal uplift. Key erosional unconformities bounding the terrace deposits are the F
1
, U
I
, L
3
and U
II
(in stratigraphic order). They are the ravinement surfaces formed at the onset of MIS 7.3 (F
1
), MIS 5e (U
I
) and MIS 5c interglacial peaks (L
3
), and the subaerial unconformity formed during the MIS 5a sea-level fall up to the emplacement of Brown Tuffs (U
II
). These unconformities are important regional-scale markers for chronostratigraphic classification and correlation between distant islands of the Aeolian archipelago.
Chapter 8 Volcanism, magmatism, volcano-tectonics and sea-level fluctuations in the geological history of Filicudi (western Aeolian archipelago)
Authors: Lucchi F. , Santo A. P. , Tranne C. A. , Peccerillo A. , Keller J.
Published: October 2013

The geological history of Filicudi in the Middle–Late Pleistocene (246–29 ka) is described by four successive Epochs of activity separated by quiescence stages, erosional episodes during marine isotope stage (MIS) 7 and MIS 5 and the Vallechiesa sector collapse. The partially overlapping Casa Ficarisi, Fossa Felci and Chiumento stratocones and the Monte Guardia scoria cone are built up under control of the WNW–ESE regional tectonic trend, with a subsequent progressive south-eastwards shift and chemical differentiation towards the Monte Terrione and Capo Graziano domes. The Monte Montagnola dome (64 ka) and Case dello Zucco Grande pyroclastics (<56 ka) are the youngest products, together with the Canna neck (29 ka) of an independent volcanic centre offshore of Filicudi. Filicudi rocks are calc-alkaline basalts, basaltic andesites and high-K andesites with minor dacites. Incompatible elements increase from basalts to dacites, with much scatter. Sr, Nd and Pb isotopes show moderate variations. δ
18
O‰ of clinopyroxene phenocrysts ranges from +5.37 to +6.20, and shows the highest values in the mafic rocks. Geochemical data suggest a complex interplay of different evolution processes (fractional crystallization, crustal assimilation and mixing) for the various eruptive centres of Filicudi. Variable incompatible element ratios of mafic rocks are suggested to reflect source heterogeneity.

DVD:

The 10 000 scale geological map of Filicudi is included on the DVD in the printed book and can also be accessed online at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/Memoir37-electronic
. Also included are a full geochemical dataset and xenolith data for Filicudi.
Chapter 9 Eruptive history and magmatic evolution of the island of Salina (central Aeolian archipelago)
Authors: Lucchi F. , Gertisser R. , Keller J. , Forni F. , De Astis G. , Tranne C. A.
Published: October 2013

Stratigraphic, structural, volcanological and geochemical data allow a detailed reconstruction of the geological history of the island of Salina (central Aeolian sector). Its subaerial volcanism (
c.
244 ka to 15.6 ka) developed through six successive Eruptive Epochs interrupted by major quiescence periods, volcano-tectonic collapses and recurrent episodes of marine terrace formation during MIS 7 and MIS 5. Several stratovolcanoes were constructed by strombolian and effusive (Pizzo Capo, Monte Rivi, Monte Fossa delle Felci, Monte dei Porri) to hydromagmatic and subplinian (Monte dei Porri, Pollara) activity, with a general east–west shift of active vents, controlled primarily by the dominant NNW–SSE and minor NE–SW regional tectonic trends, and a progressive chemical differentiation of the erupted products from calc-alkaline basalts to rhyolites. The magma compositions and variations through time are the result of contamination of primary magmas derived from a subduction-modified mantle source with the Calabro–Peloritano lower crust and subsequent differentiation dominated by polybaric fractional crystallization. Magma mixing and mingling processes occurred during individual eruptions. The early basalts were fed from deep reservoirs located near the crust–mantle boundary, whereas the later andesitic to dacitic and, ultimately, rhyolitic magmas originated through combined assimilation and fractional crystallization processes in magma reservoirs at mid- to upper-crustal levels.

DVD:

The 10 000 scale geological map of Salina is included on the DVD in the printed book and can also be accessed online at
http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/Memoir37-electronic
. Also included is a full geochemical dataset for Salina.
Globalization and Race: Structures of Inequality, New Sovereignties, and Citizenship in a Neoliberal Era
Authors: Thomas Deborah A. , Kamari Clarke M.
Published: October 2013

Over the past 20 years, there has been considerable anthropological investigation into the processes that many have come to label globalization. Although attempts within the social sciences have considered globalization processes in relation to articulations among ethnicity, gender, and sexuality, processes of racialization have only recently been taken up as central issues. In this article, we observe several new strategies of governance that emerged in the late twentieth century and onward and their implications for approaches to and understandings of race in the twenty-first century. These strategies have created new institutional spheres through which processes of racialization have proliferated, while still recalling earlier organizations of social division and classifications of human value. We reflect on significant spatial and temporal moments in an attempt to reanimate the way that economic and political processes not only have been managed through ideas about race but also have played out in relation to pre-existing social relations of inequality, poverty, and global exclusion. We are also interested in the ambiguities and challenges of racial meanings as they operate within multiple orders and different scales, especially in relation to contemporary intellectual silences.
Wolfgang K.H. Panofsky: Scientist and Arms-Control Expert
Authors: Lüth Vera G.
Published: October 2013

Wolfgang K.H. Panofsky is remembered as the legendary founder and first director of SLAC, the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. He devoted his life to teaching and research in accelerator and particle physics, to science policy, to his work as a science advisor to both the US and foreign governments, and to world peace as an expert on arms control and international security. He was admired by all who had a chance to meet and interact with him, and who simply called him Pief.
Evaluate Sulfone-Based Reduction Sensitive Electrolytes with Lithium Li4Ti5O12/Li and Symmetric Li4+XTi5O12/Li4Ti5O12 Cells
Authors: Demeaux Julien , De Vito Eric , Le Digabel Matthieu , Galiano Hervé , Lemordant Daniel , Claude-Montigny Bénédicte
Published: October 2013

Binary mixtures of cyclic or acyclic sulfones with EMC or DMC are used in electrolytes containing LiPF6 (1M) in both Li4Ti5O12/Li half-cells and Li4+xTi5O12/Li4Ti5O12 symmetrical cells and compared with standard EC/EMC or EC/DMC mixtures. In half-cells, sulfone-based electrolytes cannot be satisfactorily cycled owing to the formation of a resistive layer at the lithium interface, which is not stable and generates species (RSO2
-, RSO3
-) able to migrate toward the titanate electrode interface. Potentiostatic and galvanostatic tests in Li4Ti5O12/Li half-cells show that charge transfer resistance increases drastically when sulfones are used in the electrolyte composition. Moreover, cycling ability and coulombic efficiency are low. At the opposite, when symmetrical Li4+xTi5O12/Li4Ti5O12 cells are used, it is demonstrated that MIS- (methyl isopropyl sulfone) and TMS- (tetra methyl sulfone) based electrolytes exhibit reasonable electrochemical performances compared to the EC/DMC or EC/EMC standard mixtures. Surface analysis by XPS of both the Li4+xTi5O12 (partially oxidized) and Li7Ti5O12 (reduced) electrodes taken from symmetrical cells reveals that sulfones do not participate in the formation of surface layers. Alkylcarbonates (EMC or DMC), used as co-solvents in sulfone-based binary electrolytes, ensure the formation of surface layers at the titanate interfaces.
The Effect of Water Addition on Zn/Zn(II) Redox Reactions in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids with Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Anions
Authors: Xu Min , Ivey Douglas G. , Qu Wei , Xie Zhong , Yuan Xiao-Zi
Published: October 2013

The use of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) as potential electrolytes for rechargeable Zn-anode batteries suffers from a disadvantage of insufficient conductivity. In this study, water added ionic liquids composed of pyrrolidinium/imidazolium cations and bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anions were investigated with regard to their physicochemical behavior and the response of Zn/Zn(II) redox reactions. Peak conductivity was achieved by adding water in the range of 2.0-2.5 wt%. The best kinetic properties for Zn/Zn(II) redox, including decreased redox overpotential and on average three times the diffusion rate and exchange current density, were also achieved for this composition range. Water also affected the morphology of Zn electrodeposited from RTILs. Zinc deposits grew from nanocrystalline to microcrystalline in scale with poorer adhesion in water added RTILs with pyrrolidinium cations. However, Zn deposits obtained from water added RTILs with imidazolium cations showed no obvious change in size and adhesion properties.
Sensitivity of a Fractional Integrodifferential Cauchy Problem of Volterra Type
Authors: Idczak Dariusz , Skowron Andrzej , Walczak Stanisław
Published: October 2013

We prove a theorem on the existence and uniqueness of a solution as well as on a sensitivity (i.e., differentiable dependence of a solution on a functional parameter) of a fractional integrodifferential Cauchy problem of Volterra type. The proof of this result is based on a theorem on diffeomorphism between Banach and Hilbert spaces. The main assumption is the Palais-Smale condition.
Association of Blood Pressure and Hypertension with Alcohol Consumption in HIV‐Infected White and Nonwhite Patients
Authors: Ikeda Maria Leticia R. , Barcellos Nêmora T. , Alencastro Paulo R. , Wolff Fernando H. , Brandão Ajácio B. M. , Fuchs Flávio D. , Fuchs Sandra C.
Published: October 2013

Introduction. Although alcohol abuse is associated with hypertension in whites and nonwhites, it has been scarcely investigated in HIV‐infected patients. Objective. To investigate whether the association of alcohol abuse with hypertension is influenced by skin color in HIV‐infected individuals. Methods. Cross‐sectional study in HIV‐infected individuals aged 18 years or older. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle, and HIV infection were investigated. Alcohol abuse was defined as ≥15 (women) and ≥30 g/alcohol/day (men), and binge drinking by the intake of ≥5 drinks on a single occasion. Hypertension was defined by blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg or use of blood pressure‐lowering agents. Results. We studied 1,240 individuals, with 39.1 ± 10 years, 51% males and 57% whites. Age and body mass index were associated with blood pressure, and there was an independent association of alcohol abuse with hypertension in whites (RR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.1–3.3) and nonwhites (RR = 2.4, 95% CI 1.4 to 4.0). Among nonwhite individuals who were alcohol abusers, systolic (9.3 ± 3.2; P = 0.001) and diastolic blood pressures (6.4 ± 2.1; P = 0.008) were higher than in nonabusers. Conclusion. Alcohol abuse is a risk factor for hypertension in white and nonwhite HIV‐infected individuals. The association of ethanol consumption with blood pressure is not explained by AIDS‐related conditions.
Migration-Driven Aggregation Behaviors of Job Markets in a Multi-Group Environment
Authors: Sun Ruoyan
Published: October 2013

This paper introduces a new model describing the aggregate growth of job markets. We divide the job market in each city into two groups: native job market of size and an immigrant job market of size . A reversible migration of jobs exists in both groups. In addition, the interaction between these two groups creates both native and immigrant jobs. A loss of native jobs also takes place due to the interaction. Through studying initial conditions, job-creation rate, and job-loss rate we discover some meaningful results. The size change of native job market is closely related to that of the migration rate, native job-creation rate, and native job-loss rate. We assume that these rates are proportional to the sizes of two groups and find out that for certain initial conditions, immigrants influence native job markets positively. They create more jobs for both job markets. In addition, we can make conclusions about the future trend of the flow of jobs. People will move to places like big cities where there is a higher concentration of job opportunities.
Treatment of Effluent from a Factory of Paints Using Solar Photo-Fenton Process
Authors: Trovó Alam Gustavo , Gomes Oswaldo , da Hora Machado Antonio Eduardo
Published: October 2013

We evaluated the use of Fenton reactions induced by solar radiation in the treatment of effluent from a factory of paints for buildings, after prior removal of the suspended solids. The increase of H2O2concentration from 100 to 2500 mg L−1for a [Fe2+] = 105 mg L−1contributed to the reduction of DOC, COD, and toxicity. Our best results were achieved using 1600 mg L−1H2O2, with 90% of DOC and COD removal and a complete removal of the toxicity with respect toArtemia salina. Additionally, through increasing Fe2+concentration from 15 to 45 mg L−1, the DOC removal rate increased 11 times, remaining almost constant in the range above 45 until 105 mg L−1. Under our best experimental conditions, 80% of DOC removal was achieved after an accumulated dose of 130 kJ m−2of UVA radiation (82±17 min of solar irradiation under an average UVA irradiance of34.1±7.3 W m−2), while 40% of DOC removal was reached after 150 min under only thermal Fenton reactions. The results suggest the effectiveness of implementation of solar photo-Fenton process in the decontamination and detoxification of effluents from factories of paints for buildings.
The Effect of Reagents Mimicking Oxidative Stress on Fibrinogen Function
Authors: Štikarová Jana , Kotlín Roman , Riedel Tomáš , Suttnar Jiří , Pimková Kristýna , Chrastinová Leona , Dyr Jan E.
Published: October 2013

Fibrinogen is one of the plasma proteins most susceptible to oxidative modification. It has been suggested that modification of fibrinogen may cause thrombotic/bleeding complications associated with many pathophysiological states of organism. We exposed fibrinogen molecules to three different modification reagents—malondialdehyde, sodium hypochlorite, and peroxynitrite—that are presented to various degrees in different stages of oxidative stress. We studied the changes in fibrin network formation and platelet interactions with modified fibrinogens under flow conditions. The fastest modification of fibrinogen was caused by hypochlorite. Fibers from fibrinogen modified with either reagent were thinner in comparison with control fibers. We found that platelet dynamic adhesion was significantly lower on fibrinogen modified with malondialdehyde and significantly higher on fibrinogen modified either with hypochlorite or peroxynitrite reflecting different prothrombotic/antithrombotic properties of oxidatively modified fibrinogens. It seems that, in the complex reactions ongoing in living organisms at conditions of oxidation stress, hypochlorite modifies proteins (e.g., fibrinogen) faster and more preferentially than malondialdehyde. It suggests that the prothrombotic effects of prior fibrinogen modifications may outweigh the antithrombotic effect of malondialdehyde‐modified fibrinogen in real living systems.
Significance of Glutathione Peroxidase 1 and Caudal-Related Homeodomain Transcription Factor in Human Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Han Jing Jing , Xie De Rong , Wang Li Li , Liu Ye Qing , Wu Gong Fa , Sun Qing , Chen Yan Xian , Wei Ying , Huang Zhi Quan , Li Hai Gang
Published: October 2013

Aim. To investigate the expressions of glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) and caudal-related homeodomain transcription factor (CDX2) in GAC and their correlation with clinicopathological features and tumor cell proliferation.Methods. The expressions of GPX1, CDX2, and Ki67 were immunohistochemically evaluated in 172 GAC specimens. The association of GPX1 and CDX2 with patient’s clinicopathological features and Ki67 positive rate was analyzed statistically.Results. In 172 cases of GAC, the expression of GPX1 was weaker than that in adjacent normal mucosa, and the expression of CDX2 was higher than that in adjacent normal mucosa. High expression GPX1 strong-expression was associated with differentiation, Lauren type, WHO type and extensive lymph node metastasis of GAC. High expression of CDX2 was associated with differentiation, Lauren type, WHO type, extensive lymph node metastasis, and TNM of GAC. Survival curves showed that expressions of GPX1 and CDX2 were factors of good outcome ( and .02, resp.). According to multivariate analysis, only lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and CDX2 expression were independently associated with survival. In addition, a strong association of GPX1 expression was noted with Ki67 and CDX2.Conclusions. The expression of GPX1 and CDX2 may play a role in the carcinogenesis, differentiation, and progression of GAC, and CDX2 may be an independent prognostic factor.
Systems Thinking Safety Analysis: Nuclear Security Assessment of Physical Protection System in Nuclear Power Plants
Authors: Woo Tae Ho
Published: October 2013

The dynamical assessment has been performed in the aspect of the nuclear power plants (NPPs) security. The physical protection system (PPS) is constructed by the cyber security evaluation tool (CSET) for the nuclear security assessment. The systems thinking algorithm is used for the quantifications by the Vensim software package. There is a period of 60 years which is the life time of NPPs' operation. The maximum possibility happens as 3.59 in the 30th year. The minimum value is done as 1.26 in the 55th year. The difference is about 2.85 times. The results of the case with time delay have shown that the maximum possibility of terror or sabotage incident happens as 447.42 in the 58th year and the minimum value happens as 89.77 in the 51st year. The difference is about 4.98 times. Hence, if the sabotage happens, the worst case is that the intruder can attack the target of the nuclear material in about one and a half hours. The general NPPs are modeled in the study and controlled by the systematic procedures.
Chapter Oral Health Advocates: A Nationwide Model for Pediatrician Peer Education and Advocacy about Oral Health
Authors: Lewis Charlotte W. , Barone Lauren , Quinonez Rocio B. , Boulter Suzanne , Mouradian Wendy E.
Published: October 2013

Objective. (1) To describe an innovative program training US pediatricians to be Chapter Oral Health Advocates (COHAs). (2) To provide insight into COHAs’ experiences disseminating oral health knowledge to fellow pediatricians.Patients and Methods. Interviews with 40 COHAs who responded to an email request, from a total of 64 (62% response). Transcripts were analyzed for common themes about COHA activities, facilitators, and barriers.Results. COHAs reported positive experiences at the AAP oral health training program. A subset of academic COHAs focused on legislative activity and another on resident education about oral health. Residents had an easier time adopting oral health activities while practicing pediatricians cited time constraints. COHAs provided insights into policy, barriers, and facilitators for incorporating oral health into practice.Conclusions. This report identifies factors influencing pediatricians’ adoption of oral health care into practice. COHAs reported successes in training peers on integrating oral health into pediatric practice, identified opportunities and challenges to oral health implementation in primary care, and reported issues about the state of children’s oral health in their communities. With ongoing support, the COHA program has a potential to improve access to preventive oral health services in the Medical Home and to increase referrals to a Dental Home.
The Endocannabinoid System in the Postimplantation Period: A Role during Decidualization and Placentation
Authors: Fonseca B. M. , Correia-da-Silva G. , Almada M. , Costa M. A. , Teixeira N. A.
Published: October 2013

Although the detrimental effects of cannabis consumption during gestation are known for years, the vast majority of studies established a link between cannabis consumption and foetal development. The complex maternal-foetal interrelationships within the placental bed are essential for normal pregnancy, and decidua definitively contributes to the success of this process. Nevertheless, the molecular signalling network that coordinates strategies for successful decidualization and placentation are not well understood. The discovery of the endocannabinoid system highlighted new signalling mediators in various physiological processes, including reproduction. It is known that endocannabinoids present regulatory functions during blastocyst development, oviductal transport, and implantation. In addition, all the endocannabinoid machinery was found to be expressed in decidual and placental tissues. Additionally, endocannabinoid’s plasmatic levels were found to fluctuate during normal gestation and to induce decidual cell death and disturb normal placental development. Moreover, aberrant endocannabinoid signalling during the period of placental development has been associated with pregnancy disorders. It indicates the existence of a possible regulatory role for these molecules during decidualization and placentation processes, which are known to be particularly vulnerable. In this review, the influence of the endocannabinoid system in these critical processes is explored and discussed.
Numerical Solution of a Class of Functional-Differential Equations Using Jacobi Pseudospectral Method
Authors: Bhrawy A. H. , Alghamdi M. A. , Baleanu D.
Published: October 2013

The shifted Jacobi-Gauss-Lobatto pseudospectral (SJGLP) method is applied to neutral functional-differential equations (NFDEs) with proportional delays. The proposed approximation is based on shifted Jacobi collocation approximation with the nodes of Gauss-Lobatto quadrature. The shifted Legendre-Gauss-Lobatto Pseudo-spectral and Chebyshev-Gauss-Lobatto Pseudo-spectral methods can be obtained as special cases of the underlying method. Moreover, the SJGLP method is extended to numerically approximate the nonlinear high-order NFDE with proportional delay. Some examples are displayed for implicit and explicit forms of NFDEs to demonstrate the computation accuracy of the proposed method. We also compare the performance of the method with variational iteration method, one-legθ-method, continuous Runge-Kutta method, and reproducing kernel Hilbert space method.
Phototrophic Growth and Accumulation of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) by Purple Nonsulfur Bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris SP5212
Authors: Mukhopadhyay M. , Patra A. , Paul A. K.
Published: October 2013

The ability of the phototrophic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris SP5212 to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] in particular was, assessed in acetate medium supplemented with hydroxybutyrate and valerate as cosubstrates. The isolate accumulated the polymer accounting for some 49.06% and 30% of cell dry weight when grown in hydroxybutyrate and valerate, respectively. PHA accumulation as well as 3HV monomer incorporation (30 mol%) was maximum at 0.1% hydroxybutyrate, while valerate at 0.1% and 0.3% was suitable for total polymer accumulation and 3HV monomer incorporation, respectively. Cosupplementation of hydroxybutyrate and valerate in the ratio of 3 : 1 led to the accumulation of PHA accounting for 54% of cell dry weight, which contained more than 50 mol% of 3HV monomer. Moreover, the biphasic cultivation conditions with hydroxybutyrate as cosubstrate have improved the quality as well as quantity of the accumulated copolymer significantly.
Relativistic Two-Dimensional Harmonic Oscillator Plus Cornell Potentials in External Magnetic and AB Fields
Authors: Ikhdair Sameer M. , Sever Ramazan
Published: October 2013

The Klein-Gordon (KG) equation for the two-dimensional scalar-vector harmonic oscillator plus Cornell potentials in the presence of external magnetic and Aharonov-Bohm (AB) flux fields is solved using the wave function ansatz method. The exact energy eigenvalues and the wave functions are obtained in terms of potential parameters, magnetic field strength, AB flux field, and magnetic quantum number. The results obtained by using different Larmor frequencies are compared with the results in the absence of both magnetic field (ωL= 0) and AB flux field (ξ=0) cases. Effect of external fields on the nonrelativistic energy eigenvalues and wave function solutions is also precisely presented. Some special cases like harmonic oscillator and Coulombic fields are also studied.
Risk of Atherosclerosis andHelicobacter pyloriInfection according to CD14 Promotor Polymorphism in Healthy Korean Population
Authors: Kang Sung-Goo , Chung Woo Chul , Song Sang-Wook , Joo Kyu Re , Lee Hyewon , Kang Donghoon , Lee Joune Seup , Lee Kang-Moon
Published: October 2013

Background and Aim. We aim to elucidate the association of risk factors for atherosclerosis andH. pyloriinfection according to the promotor polymorphism of the CD14 gene in healthy Korean population.Methods. The patients who visited our hospital for routine health examinations and 266 healthy adults (170 males and 96 females) were enrolled in this study. The promotor polymorphism at −159C/T of the CD14 gene was determined by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. According to genetic polymorphism andH. pyloriinfection, we analyzed the risk of atherosclerosis.Results. The genotype frequencies were CC 7.9%, CT 45.1%, and TT 47.0%, respectively. There were no differences between specific genotypes of CD14 gene andH. pyloriinfection rate. As for HDL cholesterol level, there were significant differences among the three genotypes (P<0.01). In subjects withH. pyloriinfection, no significant differences were observed between specific genotypes of CD14 gene and the risk factors of atherosclerosis.Conclusion. The promotor polymorphism at −159C/T of the CD14 gene was associated with the risk factor of atherosclerosis in healthy Korean population. However, it was not associated with the rate ofH. pyloriinfection andH. pyloriinduced atherosclerotic risk.
Effect ofRhizobiumand Phosphate Solubilizing Bacterial Inoculants on Symbiotic Traits, Nodule Leghemoglobin, and Yield of Chickpea Genotypes
Authors: Tagore G. S. , Namdeo S. L. , Sharma S. K. , Kumar Narendra
Published: October 2013

A field experiment was carried out during therabiseason of 2004-05 to find out the effect ofRhizobiumand phosphate solubilizing bacterial (PSB) inoculants on symbiotic traits, nodule leghemoglobin, and yield of five elite genotypes of chickpea. Among the chickpea genotypes, IG-593 performed better in respect of symbiotic parameters including nodule number, nodule fresh weight, nodule dry weight, shoot dry weight, yield attributes and yield. Leghemoglobin content (2.55 mg g−1of fresh nodule) was also higher under IG-593. Among microbial inoculants, theRhizobium+ PSB was found most effective in terms of nodule number (27.66 nodules plant−1), nodule fresh weight (144.90 mg plant−1), nodule dry weight (74.30 mg plant−1), shoot dry weight (11.76 g plant−1), and leghemoglobin content (2.29 mg g−1of fresh nodule) and also showed its positive effect in enhancing all the yield attributing parameters, grain and straw yields.
Do Fallers and Nonfallers Equally Benefit from Balance Specific Exercise Program? A Pilot Study
Authors: Rugelj Darja , Tomšič Marija , Sevšek France
Published: October 2013

The purpose of the study was to determine the sample size that would allow broad generalizability of the results. To investigate the differences in the responsiveness of fallers and nonfallers to a multicomponent functional balance specific program, 23 participating subjects (70.1 ± 6.6 years) were divided into nonfallers group (13) and fallers group (10). The components of the balance specific program were (1) changing of the center of gravity (CoG) in the vertical direction, (2) shifting of the CoG to the border of stability, (3) rotation of the head and body about the vertical axis, (4) standing and walking on soft surface, and (5) walking over obstacles or on a narrow path. At the end of eight months of the training program, there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding postural sway. The total center of pressure path length was used as the principal outcome measure for the sample size calculation. Based on these results the a priori sample size calculation yielded the estimate of 110 subjects required to be enrolled in order to get 20 subjects in fallers and 30 subjects in nonfallers group for the 80% power to detect the results as significant.
Combination of TiO2-Film Photocatalysis and Ultrafiltration to Treat Wastewater
Authors: You Shu-Hai , Guo Ming-Hua
Published: October 2013

In this study, a combination of TiO2-film photocatalysis reactor and ultrafiltration was used treat the secondary effluent from the manufacturing of thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD). TiO2particles, as a photocatalyst, were immobilized on silica glass to form TiO2-film by the sol-gel and dip coating methods. TiO2-film photocatalysis was done within three parameters, including number of coating times of TiO2-film, wavelengths of UV light source, and operating time. During ultrafiltration, the operating pressure and feed water temperature were controlled at 300 KN/m2and 25°C, respectively. It was found that TiO2-film photocatalysis followed by ultrafiltration increased the removal of total organic carbon (TOC) to 47.13% and 49.94% for 5 KDa and 10 KDa membranes, respectively. It was also found that the process increased the permeate flux rate (ca 23%) for 10 KDa membrane after 6 hours of operation, since some larger organic matter had been broken into small organic matter and some small organic matter had been mineralized into CO2following TiO2-film photocatalysis. Therefore, combining TiO2-film photocatalysis reactor and ultrafiltration can improve organic wastewater quality and increase the permeate flux of ultrafiltration membrane, which may enhance the recycling and reuse of wastewater.
Assessing Systems of Care for US Children with Epilepsy/Seizure Disorder
Authors: Kenney Mary Kay , Mann Marie
Published: October 2013

Background. The proportion of US children with special health care needs (CSHCN) with epilepsy/seizure disorder who receive care in high-quality health service systems was examined. Methodology. We analyzed data for 40,242 CSHCN from the 2009-2010 National Survey of CSHCN and compared CSHCN with epilepsy/seizure disorder to CSHCN without epilepsy/seizure disorder. Measures included attainment rates for 6 federal quality indicators with comparisons conducted using chi square and logistic regression methods. In addition, CSHCN with epilepsy/seizure disorder were compared to CSHCN without epilepsy/seizure disorder on the basis of 14 unmet health care needs. Results. Lower attainment rates for receiving comprehensive care in a medical home and easily accessible community-based services were found for CSHCN with epilepsy/seizure disorder versus CSHCN without epilepsy/seizure disorder (medical home: 32% versus 43%; accessible community-based services: 50% versus 66%, resp.) in unadjusted analyses. Lower adjusted odds for these indicators as well as greater unmet need for specialists, dentistry, prescriptions, therapies, and mental health care were also found for CSHCN with epilepsy/seizure disorder. Conclusions. Further efforts are needed to improve attainment of high-quality health care services for CSHCN with epilepsy/seizure disorders.
Dynamic Channel Coordination Schemes for IEEE 802.11p/1609 Vehicular Networks: A Survey
Authors: Yoo Hongseok , Kim Dongkyun
Published: October 2013

IEEE 802.11p/1609-based vehicular networks utilize a multichannel architecture to support vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications. In the multi-channel architecture, the available channels in the 5 GHz spectrum are divided into one control channel (CCH) and multiple service channels (SCHs). Multiple SCHs are defined for nonsafety data transfer, while the CCH is used to broadcast safety messages called beacons and control messages (i.e., service advertisement messages). According to the channel coordination scheme, a radio interface alternately switches between the CCH and a specific SCH. The intervals during which a radio interface stays tuned to the CCH and SCH are called CCH and SCH intervals, respectively. Both intervals are set to a fixed value (i.e., 50 ms) in the standard. However, since the fixed-length intervals cannot be effective for dynamically changing traffic load, some dynamic interval division protocols have been recently proposed to support the dynamic adjustment of the CCH/SCH intervals for improving channel utilization. In this paper, we therefore provide a survey of dynamic interval division protocols for VANETs, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of them, and define some open issues and possible directions of future research.
A Clustering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Energy Potential Field
Authors: Chen Zuo , Xiao Yao , Li Xiaodong , Li Renfa
Published: October 2013

It is the core issue of researching that how to prolong the lifetime of wireless sensor network. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate a clustering protocol LEACH‐PF, which is a multihop routing algorithm with energy potential field of divided clusters. In LEACH‐PF, the network is divided into a number of subnetworks and each subnetwork has a cluster head. These clusters construct an intercluster routing tree according to the potential difference of different equipotential fields. The other member nodes of the subnetworks communicate with their cluster head directly, so as to complete regional coverage. The results of simulation show that LEACH‐PF can reduce energy consumption of the network effectively and prolong the network lifetime.
Experimental Study on Series Operation of Sliding Vane Pump and Centrifugal Pump
Authors: Li Tao , Zhang Weiming , Jiang Ming , Li Zhengyang
Published: October 2013

A platform for sliding vane pump and centrifugal pump tests is installed to study the series operation of them under different characteristics of pipeline. Firstly, the sliding vane pump and the centrifugal pump work independently, and the performance is recorded. Then, the two types of pumps are combined together, with the sliding vane pump acting as the feeding pump. Comparison is made between the performance of the independently working pump and the performance of series operation pump. Results show that the system flow rate is determined by the sliding vane pump. In order to ensure the stability of the series operation pumping system, the energy consumption required by the pipeline under the system flow should be greater than the pressure energy centrifugal pump can generate. Otherwise, the centrifugal pump can not operate stably, with reflux, swirl, gas-liquid two-phase flow in the runner and strong vibration and noise. The sliding vane pump can be in serial operation with the centrifugal pump under limited conditions.