bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural components and organizational characteristics of rural areas
Authors: Ridei N. , Kucherenko I.
Published: January 2023

Theoretical analysis of the legal, reference and scientific-methodological literature regarding the definition and interpretation of the concepts of rural areas and their constituent structural-organizational or framework were сarried out; their structural components and organizational features were esteblished. The structural and organizational framework of rural areas has been developed to justify the socio-economic-ecological potential for the environmental assessment of their condition and development. The types of socio-economic and ecological potential were defined: institutional and infrastructural – by levels of administration and local government (administrative hierarchy, institutional organization, administrative operation, agroecological education, health and social welfare municipal services); spatial – by types of nature utilization (agricultural land, non-agricultural lands, water management, fisheries, forestry, environmental protection and their spatial distribution, spatial location, geographic location); industrial and economic – by the types of agricultural production (livestock, crop growing, processing, agricultural service, tourism, historic, cultural and natural history and environmental protection); cultural and innovative – by direction of cultures of mutual transformation (informational, communicative, ethnographic); natural resources – by specific resource and resource recovery orientation to determine the environmental conditions and characteristics of agricultural landscapes in some ecological situations and setting the levels of environmental safety. Levels of quality of life, life support, life protection under the study of rural areas are set by the main factors, such as social activity (mobility) and responsibility; economic feasibility (efficiency); environmental safety (stability); biological capacity (capacity) and usefulness.
The induction of chlorophyll fluorescence in the leaves of maize under conditions of contamination with heavy metals
Authors: Korsun S. , Grusha V. , Dovbash N.
Published: January 2023

Photoinduction chlorophyll fluorescence is a modern informative method of determining the effect of heavy metals on the physiological state agrocenosis corn without damaging the plants. Changes in any link of photosynthesis result in the change of Kautsky curve type. This allows to diagnose the present state of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants under the influence of the heavy metals. During the experience we marked differences between of fluorescence of chlorophyll leaves of corn. in areas of control and ecotypes, which are contaminated with heavy metals. The peculiarity of curves forming is determined by basic kinetic parameters, that are associated with the activities of photosynthetic apparatus.Excessive accumulation of lead, zinc, cadmium in soil is accompanied by disturbances in the photosynthetic apparatus in leaves of maize both in the initial phase of development (3–4 leaves), and during the formation of maize panicle. The value of the basic parameters such as the background fluorescence (Fo), maximum fluorescence (Fm), stationary fluorescence (Fst) shows a decrease of primary processes of photosynthesis and violation of coherence reactions of the Calvin cycle. Kautsky curve, which is obtained in the variant with a 100-fold excess background had much lower peaks amplitude than others.
The changes of salt regime and morphological characteristics of meadow gley slightly-loamy soils under the influence of drainage and prolonged usage
Authors: Cherstvyi S. , Selinnyi M. , Mukosij M.
Published: January 2023

The research of morphological character and saline conditions of meadow soils in the drainage system of «Smolianka» showed, that under the drainage influence blue-grey soils observed before the melioration from the depth of 10–20 cm diminished considerably, and new formations appeared in the form of ochreous spots and brown iron-manganese packings. The process of capillary elevation of mineralized underground water intensified, that caused gradual accumulation of salt in soil strata and also soil salinization. In aqueous extract the content of HCO3 – and CO3 – ions increased above the toxity threshold. According to additive effect of toxic ions the salinization degree ranged from weak to average. The salinization type is the hydrocarbonate one involving soda
Determination of arable land suitability for obtaining high-quality wheat grain
Authors: Tohachynska O. , Parashchenko I. , Salavor O.
Published: January 2023

An assessment of the areas of the Kyiv region to obtain wheat 1 class with gluten content of at least 28% and protein – 14% is made. It has been established that the most suitable regions for obtaining high quality grain of winter wheat are south-western and eastern ones, and less suitable – the northern and north-eastern parts of the Kyiv region. Evaluation of agricultural land by climatic conditions in the main phase of growth and development of wheat (April – June) made it possible to detect that the temperature regime of the area is not limiting for high-quality wheat, but rainfall in most areas higher than normal, which may cause quality losses. Most suitable in the Kyiv region were Pereyaslav-Khmelnitsky and Yagotyn districtss.
Soybean plants response toward the application of nodule bacteria strains and green manure under various weather conditions
Authors: Derev’yanskyy V. , Koval’chuk N.
Published: January 2023

The results of field researches carried out during 2013–2014, which considerably differed according to weather conditions, have shown that the greatest negative action on productivity of soya as to quantity of received seeds was influenced by temperatures of air and insufficient quantity of rainfall in separate phases of the vegetative period. The obtained data shows the important biological part of biopreparations in the formation of sustainable agroecosystems. This proves the ability of biopreparations’ bioagents for adaptation to bad environmental conditions, to be the alternative to the mineral fertilizes; to establish close symbiotic relations with the background of occasional inoculation with nodules bacteria soil population in the conditions of northern part of Ukrainian Western Forest-steppe is substantiated. The prediction model of agro ecological conditions influence force of growing environment on the process of development soy-bean varieties with different ripeness groups and vegetation periods was made with the aim of optimization of the soy-bean growing process on the basis of regression analysis of data of long-standing for yield capacity size. These methods are recommended to use for researching new highproductive soy-bean varieties with complex stability for unfavorable environmental conditions on the early stages of their growing and development and selection of the forms with good prospects. Seed treatment with culture strains of nodule bacteria in such conditions provided smaller increase in seed yield, as in the years of relatively to average indicators temperature and water regimes.
Pathogenesis characteristics under lesions of tubers with Solanum tuberosum L. disease pathogens in the process of microbiological preparations application
Authors: Boroday V. , Likhanov A. , Koltunov V. , Bal'vas-Gremyakova K. , Voytseshyna N.
Published: January 2023

The current trends of plant protection aimed at the development of environmental methods of pathogens adjusting. Using biological preparations on the basis of associative microorganisms such as PGPB (Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria) which can stimulate plant growth is advanced to increase the productivity and sustainability of crops in environmentally sustainable agriculture. Significant share in the composition of the plants rhizosphere microflora, antagonism to a wide range of pathogens, synthesis of physiologically active substances that determine the usefulness of their action, long-term effectiveness during the storage in the following growing season, low target concentration is the theoretical justification for using PGPB. Induced systemic resistance is accompanied by strengthening of cell walls, changes in the course of some physiological processes, synthesis of protective metabolites against pathogens. Evolutionary plasticity and variability of pathogens create the difficulties in the study of the pathogenesis processes and plant resistance, so the goal of our research was to study the long immune stimulating activity of modern microbiological preparations on the potato storage for preserving the protective potential of potato tubers. It was proved that the resistant promoting activity of bacteria genera Pseudomonas and Bacillus of PGPB group, which are the basis of biological preparations Fitotsid and Planriz, had a sustained action, helped to maintain the protective capacity in potato tubers during the storage. It was found that the activity of polyphenol oxidase increased in 1.5–1.8 times at damage of potato tissue by pathogens Fusarium sambucinum and Pectobacterium carotovorum. Under the spreading of P. carotovorum splitting of starch grains, changes in the modification of plant cell wall, forming of lignin, suberin, phenols and other protein-lipid complexes were observed in cells that are adjacent to the conducting bundle. It promoted rapid repair of tissue damaged by pathogens.
Nature conservation significance of Plav-ІІ, Yamny peat ecosystems of Zhytomyr region
Authors: Konishchuk V. , Smagol V. , Shumyhai I.
Published: January 2023

The materials of the Report on environmental impact assessment of peat extraction of the Plav-II deposit in the administrative boundaries of Olevskyi district of Zhytomyr region were analyzed. Nature conservation studies of peat ecosystems of Plav-II, Yamny have been carried out. We do not recommend the development of peat deposits. The territory of the planned activity (the southern section of the Yamny peat deposit) is partially located on the territory of the Emerald Slovechanskyi Kriazh (UA 0000173) facility. Among the animal species included in the Red Book of Ukraine, Lanius excubitor Linnaeus, 1758, Lyrurus tetrix Linnaeus, 1758 were recorded. In the last case, a hen with chicks was noted. This fact testifies to the importance of this locality for the reproduction of the species, since the hatching and hatching of the offspring in grouse takes place in the foci of their moulting in the spring. In addition to the mentioned species, the noted Crex crex Linnaeus, 1758 is a species included in Appendix II of the Berne Convention, ratified by Ukraine. For the first time, new habitats of six plant species listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine were discovered: Carex chordorhiza Ehrh., Carex heleonastes Ehrh. Dactylorhiza incarnata (L.) Soó (Orchis incarnata L.), Utricularia intermedia Hayne, Salix lapponum L., Salix myrtilloides L. Noted regionally rare species of flora: Parnassia palustris L., Nymphaea candida C. Presl., Carexlimosa L. Monitoring such rare species of higher vascular plants as Andromeda polifolia L., Drosera rotundifolia L., Rhynchospora alba (L.) Vahl, etc. need research. Habitat types from resolutions of the Convention on the Conservation of Wild Flora and Fauna and Natural Habitats in Europe (Bern Convention): C1.222 Floating Hydrocharis morsusranae rafts — Hydrocharis morsus-ranae, D2.3 Transition mires and quaking bogs. One of the features of the flora and vegetation of the Plav-II tract is the absence of adventive, invasive plant species (with the exception of Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott). On the other hand, on the drained Yamny peatland, phytoinvasions appear massively, but in comparison there is a much greater and sozologically important diversity of avifauna. It is recommended to create a reserve of local importance Plav-II, as well as justify rehabilitation and renaturalization measures in the Yamny peatland.
Forestry assessment of Pinus sylvestris L. in artificial phytocenoses of the national park «Podolski Tovtry»
Authors: Odukalets I. , Musiyenko M. , Kuchynska O.
Published: January 2023

It is shown that Pinus sylvestris L. planted by clean and mixed composition for stopping erosive processes, which activated as a result of the Dniester storage pool, attaining 22–26 age begins to wither intensively. The reasons for the mass withering of pine-tree on the investigated territory are related to the unfavorable meteorological terms, in fact winters in the last years are warm and snowless and sharp oscillation of temperatures (by 5–8 degrees C for twenty-four hours). The state of planting of Pinus of sylvestris L. on the investigated areas of PPP No. 2 and PPP No. 9 can be influence by the place of placing, display of planting and change of climatic indexes, presence of other kinds, first of all deciduous ones, which under increase temperatures observed during the last five years had intensive development of the vegetative organs and created a natural competition to Pinus sylvestris L.
Agroecological substantiation of rational use of degraded and unproductive soils in Kyiv region
Authors: Ostapchuk L.
Published: January 2023

One of the main factors that destabilized the situation in Kiev region is excessive agricultural development and the plowing of land that has been the result of extensive agricultural production, agro-environmental non-compliance with the requirements of land use. Today, agricultural development of the territory of Kiev region is 59.5, and the plowing of — 48.1 %. Excessive anthropogenic pressure on agro-ecosystems has led to the uncontrolled development of degradation processes, especially erosion, loss of humus, nutrients, eutrophication, excessive moisture, and others. The most alarming trends are observed in the soil cover where erosion, pollution with agrochemicals and industrial emissions, a violation of technology crop, are unwarranted and unjustified interference in the hydrological regime the territory of the drai nage and irrigation of land reclamation and degraded from active agricultural use large areas of productive land are withdrawned. A rational use of agro-ecological study of degraded and unproductive lands of the Kiev region are conducted. According to the proposed criteria for the explication of agricultural industrial groups of soils calculation of their areas was done. The total area of degraded and unproductive arable land of Kiev region is 124.6 thousand hectares. Each hectare which brings an annual average of 260 UAH losses or in the whole Kiev region about 32 mln. UAH annually. The directions of future use of degraded soils and low productivity of arable land, including the removal of them from the intensive cultivation, followed by conservation through afforestation, grassing, and others are determined.
Diagnosis of forest-suitability of unproductive soils in Southern Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Raspopina S. , Dehtiarov V.
Published: January 2023

The agricultural land with low fertility are massively transmitted to optimize the level of forest cover in the steppe part of Ukraine with the aim to create a protective forest plantations. The forestation on such lands requires use of detailed studies of soils to determine their suitability for the cultivation of fo rests. Objects of our research are underdeveloped soils on limestones dense (southern calcareous chernozems, sod-calcareous soils, lands under recultivation after limestone mining), that are transmitted for afforestation in the steppe Crimea. There was determined that total capacity of the soil profile (cm) is the most informative marker of suitability for afforestation of the underdeveloped soils. The depth soil < 30 cm is limiting suitability of soils in the steppe Crimea for afforestation without amelioration special agrotechnical (deep plowing with the destruction of the rock). The depth of soil > 30 cm may be considered as the beginning of increasing level their suitability for afforestation.
Screening and biological properties of ТМV isolates (Tobamovirus) on plants of eastern plane (Platanus orientalis L.) and Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.)
Authors: Orlovskyi A. , Moroz V. , Boiko A.
Published: January 2023

Researches for the viral infection in woody plants of Ukraine forest biocenosis were first studied. Sampling was conducted in forests, parks and gardens in the Ukrainian Polissya Area (Zhytomyr, Kyiv region). Visual studies, electron microscopy, ELISA, method of internally cell inclusions, indicator plants, computer support (microscope-object-monitor) are used in work. TMV isolate mainly causes necrosis in Platanus orientalis and induces a kind of mosaic symptoms that turns into chlorosis during July — August in Acer platanoides. Other symptoms are observed such as leaves twisting and dying off, necrosis, wood damage and premature defoliation. It is found that identified TMV isolate has specific serological similarity with viruses of taxonomic groups that affect tomato, tobacco, sunflower seeds, and medical plants such as plantain and hops
Ecological load on hunting resources of agricultural landscapes under the pesticide application
Authors: Novytskyi V. , Shumyhai I. , Hryshchenko S. , Maievskyi K.
Published: January 2023

On arable land, where pesticides are used, there are a number of problems related to environmental protection. Currently, the use of pesticides is one of the most harmful anthropogenic factors for field fauna.The dynamics of the use of the most common groups of pesticides and useful numbers of game animals in agricultural landscapes of Ukraine was considered in this article .The degree of pesticide load in the population of gray hare, partridge and pheasant gray ordinary in agricultural landscapes in Ukraine since the beginning of the XXI century are given. Correlation between the amount of pesticide use and population dynamics of the hunting fauna of agricultural landscapes has been found. Thus, limits the use of pesticides has been found to have a strong negative relationship between the amount of agrochemicals and population dynamics of hares. At the same time, the number of non-essential growth experienced partridge and pheasant ordinary gray. Also, an analytical study index was a coefficient of elasticity.
Formation of symbiotic apparatus and grain productivity of soybean depending on fertilization in conditions of Western Polissya
Authors: Kulyk S.
Published: January 2023

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation takes the leading role in ensuring the biological nitrogen to agrocenoses. The expansion of its scope will improve the soil fertility, reduce the energy costs in agriculture and reduce the technogenic burden on the environment. It was proved that fertilization and liming aftereffect positively influenced the work of symbiotic apparatus and productivity of soybean. It was established that the fertilization of N40P60K60 by the after-effect of 2.0 norms of limestone ameliorants and micronutrients foliar application on the background of the use of cereals by-products as fertilizer is highly effective on sod-podzolic soils of Western Polissya of Ukraine that contributes to intensifying the formation and development of nodules on soybean roots and obtaining significant increases of grain yield. Mathematical models of soybean yield, which allow based on the indicators of amount and weight of root nodules to predict reliable soybean yield levels have been researched and developed.
Peculiarities of growing Silphium perfoliatum L. in conditions of radioactive contamination of Ukrainian Polissya
Authors: Mozharivska I.
Published: January 2023

The results of the cultivation Silphium perfoliatum L. studies on withdrawn agricultural lands and contaminated lands as a feed crop are given. The positive effect for plant growth regulators such as Emistim C and Rehoplant to yield Silphium perfoliatum L. was established. It has been shown Silphium perfoliatum L. productivityas fodder crop in the conditions of second zone of obligatory resettlement village Khrys tynivka Narodychi district, Zhytomyr region. It has been established that in the taken samples of plants from the studied area, radiation safety level was not exceeded for specific activity of cesium-137 in the studied crop. Analyzing the data, we can conclude that Silphium perfoliatum L. growing in the contaminated areas can be recommended as a valuable nutritious crop. Growing Silphium perfoliatum L. as fodder and bioenergy crop requires further studies and development of new adaptive technologies for the Polissia and foreststeppe of Ukraine.
MEKANISME PEMBATALAN PERKAWINAN DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP HAK PEREMPUAN ATAS POLIGAMI TANPA IZIN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Arif Alfiyah Faizatul
Published: January 2023

Abstract: A marriage can be broken up due to death, divorce and decisions of a religious court. Both due to divorce and annulment of marriage. Annulment of marriage can be filed for a variety of reasons, one of which is a polygamy committed without the permission or knowledge of the first wife. Then it has an impact on a marriage that is considered unprecedented. However, it is still a question of all the consequences and impacts therein. Using a normative juridical approach, this paper discusses how annulment of marriage in the practice of religious court law and what rights women get after the annulment of marriage. This paper argues that the mechanism of annulment of marriage for unlicensed polygamy resulting in marriage being considered to have not effect on the confusion of women's rights.Â  Keywords: Annulment of marriage, Polygamy without the permission, and Womenâ€™s right.
TATA KERJA PEMBENTUKAN FATWA-FATWA MUI: Melacak Karakteristik Ushul Fiqh MUI dalam Memutuskan Hukum
Authors: Rahman Taufiqur
Published: January 2023

Abstract: The Indonesian Ulama Council is a forum or assembly that brings together scholars, zu'ama> and Indonesian Muslim scholars to unite the movements and steps of Indonesian Muslims in realizing common goals. The Indonesian Ulema Council was established on July 26, 1975 in Jakarta. The presence of MUI as a place of reference for Muslims in Indonesia in dealing with and resolving and deciding a law that occurs in Indonesian society is a necessity. Therefore, there have been many legal fatwas born from this organization since the beginning until this modern era. Be it in matters of religious practice, social, economics, science, medicine and even the political realm. The development of Islamic legal thought in Indonesia faces complex dynamics due to the unique socio-political system that exists. Thus, the MUI fatwa itself is not uncommon or often counter-productive both externally and internally by Muslims themselves. The author in this study intends to critically describe the MUI fatwa itself, both in terms of its existence and its manhaj.Â Key word: Indonesian Ulema Council, Fatwa, Us{u>l Fiqh, Ijtiha>d
KONSTRUKSI HUKUM BERPINDAHNYA HAK PERWALIAN SEBAB MASAFATUL QASHRI
Authors: Arafat Fashihuddin
Published: January 2023

Abstract : In marriage, the existence of a marriage guardian is an element that must be fulfilled for the sake of the marriage. If the guardian is unable to attend the wedding due to a long distance, for example the distance allowed for qashar prayer (masafatul qashri). What is the status of guardianship rights? This study aims to determine whether guardianship rights can be transferred to other people due to long distances (masafatul qashri). With library research methods with secondary data sources. The results show that the Shafi'i school says if the aqrab guardian is unknown or unseen (masafatul qashri) then the guardianship rights shift to the guardian judge. Meanwhile, the Hambali School says that if the wali aqrab's whereabouts are unknown or unseen, then his guardianship rights can be transferred to wali ab'ad. The transfer of guardianship rights due to masafatul qashri is still very relevant. Because the long distance does not become a barrier for a guardian to marry off his child. The legal solution is in Article 12 paragraph (4) of the Regulation of the Minister of Religion No. 20 of 2019 concerning Marriage Registration.Keywords: Guardianship Rights, Masafatul Qashri
TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PRAKTIK MEDIASI DALAM PENYELESAIAN PERKARA CERAI GUGAT DI PENGADILAN AGAMA WATES YOGYAKARTA
Authors: M Nurul Fadhlan  , Dzulkifli Hadi Imawan
Published: January 2023

Pengadilan merupakan lembaga yang berperan dalam penyelesaian perkara melalui mediasi, adapun dalam islam di sebut sulh dan mediasi adalah upaya perdamai para pihak untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan yang mereka hadapi , sebagai seorang mediator harus bersifat netral dan tidak memihak ke siapapun karan mediator sebagai penengah bagi mereka, mediator juga menawarkan solusi atau jalan keluar bagi mereka. Adapun tujuan skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pratik mediasi dalam penyelesaian perkara cerai gugat di Pengadilan Agama Wates dan serta untuk mengetahun faktor penyebab berhasil dan tidak berhasil mediasi dalam proses penyelesaian perkara cerai gugat. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian lapangan ( Field Reseach) dan di dukung dengan penelitan pustaka (Library rearch). Pendekatan peneliian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan tektik alasisi data deskriptif. Dan sumber data yang di temukan berupa data primer dan sekunder. Adapun teknik pengumpulan daa yang digunakan penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara dan studi pustaka.Temuan yang di peroleh oleh peneliti dalam dalam hal ini sebagai berikut : pertama pelaksanaan proses mediasi di Pengadilan Agama Wates belum sepenuhnya efektif, hal ini di buktikan dengan data 2 tahun terkahir perkara cerai gugat hanya sepuluh pasangan yang berhasil di mediasi. Yang kedua dari hasil wawancara kepada hakim mediator menjelaskan juga ada bebrapa faktor yang menyebab hal proses mediasi tersebut tidak berhasil yaitu dari pihaknya juga tidak ada itikad baik untuk beramai dan tidak ada ketebukaan perihal masalah rumah tangga para pihak. Dan faktor-  faktor kebehasilan mediasi karena pihak menemukan titik temu dari permalah mereka, dan para pihak sudah sepakat untuk berdamai dan faktor dukungan dari keluarga.
From “Spectacular Failure” to Success: Board Games as Effective Teaching Tools
Authors: Hendrickson Petra
Published: January 2023

Board games can be successfully harnessed to help students obtain a better understanding of course concepts. Indeed, board games can sometimes be easier to implement than developing a new game, as they come prepackaged with clear rules already in place. They may also already be familiar to students, decreasing the hurdle of grasping the rules of the game in addition to the lessons the games are meant to illuminate. However, care must be taken to strategically use the games. This paper draws lessons from a failed attempt to design a course around board game play, presents data as to the effectiveness of two specific board games, the Risk mobile app and Dice Catan, and provides a discussion of techniques to successfully leverage the board games into course planning.
MCEACHRAN DIALOGUES: ANIMAL HEALTH EDUCATION IN A CHANGING WORLD
Authors: Stephen Craig
Published: January 2023

The McEachran Dialogues allow thought leaders to reflect on how to future-ready animal health professionals. Changing expectations, capacities, and threats are inspiring reflections on animal health education. Strategies are needed to (1) recruit and prepare applicants by tailoring training to their strengths; (2) engender social accountability and ecological literacy, (3) cope with shifting needs and expectations and (4) break barriers, promote diversity, and advocate for systems change. Two tensions emerged; (1) the need for specialization versus the need to connect knowledge and disciplines with society; (2) the perception of a need for change with a view that programs are changing and (3) veterinary medicine can be a barrier to including other views and skills. A future ready strategy must, (1) teach a spectrum of care that promotes equitable access to care; (ii) remove barriers to learning; (iii) cultivate diversity in ideas and skills and (iv) model social accountability.
Comunicación en los mundos de vida juveniles
Authors: Cardona Diego Fabian
Published: January 2023

En documentos de la política pública educativa y de la teoría pedagógica contemporánea se plantea la necesidad de estructurar la formación escolar en lenguaje en los contextos cotidianos de las personas, y en el marco de la comprensión y la producción del sentido, en diferentes estudios se ha identificado una tendencia contraria y contraproducente en las prácticas pedagógicas del lenguaje y la comunicación, que se traduce en una enseñanza prescriptiva y normativizada de reglas lingüísticas y gramaticales, y que desconoce los mundos de vida de los estudiantes y excluye sus prácticas sociales, culturales y comunicativas. Como respuesta a esta problemática se ha desarrollado la investigación denominada Prácticas comunicativas juveniles y sus formas de acontecer en tres propuestas pedagógicas de la ciudad de Bogotá: hacia otras pedagogías del lenguaje y la comunicación, con el propósito de caracterizar las formas y las concepciones de la comunicación en los mundos de vida juveniles para develar sus formas de acontecer en la pedagogía del lenguaje y la comunicación. En este contexto, el presente artículo expone los resultados más importantes de dicho estudio, desarrollado como proyecto investigativo del Doctorado en Educación de la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas.
Desempeño en las Tareas del Test de Boston vs. Prueba para la Evaluación del Procesamiento del Lenguaje en el Adulto (PEPLA) Aplicadas a Adultos mayores de Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Morales Quevedo Alejandro , Hernández Mancilla Laura Valentina , Veloza Gómez Elizabeth
Published: January 2023

El artículo tiene como objetivo general comparar el desempeño de las tareas del test de Boston y de la Prueba para la evaluación del procesamiento del lenguaje en el adulto (PEPLA) en adultos mayores de 60 años en Bogotá, Colombia. Para ello se evalúa con la Prueba para la Evaluación del Procesamiento del Lenguaje en el Adulto (PEPLA) y el test de Boston, a 11 adultos mayores de 60 años, pertenecientes a la ciudad de Bogotá, la aplicación de las pruebas se llevó a cabo mediante el ejercicio de telepráctica, con la aplicación Google Meet.
Se presenta el análisis e interpretación de los resultados estadísticos obtenidos en el software R que mediante la opción prueba t, se compararon las variables A y B. La variable A representa las tareas del test de Boston, la variable B representa las tareas de la prueba PEPLA. Allí se evidenciaron valores que representa si las variables son estadísticamente significativas o no.  
Se concluyó que las tareas del test de Boston y PEPLA guardan niveles de desempeño similares, es por esta razón que PEPLA ofrece un avance para la población colombiana y es pertinente que se realicen las modificaciones para su validación.
Habilidades Psicolinguisticas y Rendimiento Escolar. Estudiantes de 4° Básico
Authors: Núñez Grandón Alejandro , Pérez Serey Jazmín
Published: January 2023

El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la relación entre las habilidades psicolingüísticas y el rendimiento escolar. El presente estudio es de tipo cuantitativo, con alcance descriptivo correlacional, de tipo transversal no experimental. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 35 estudiantes de 4° año básico de un colegio particular subvencionado de la ciudad de Chillán, Chile. La recolección de datos se obtuvo mediante la aplicación del Test de Illinois de Aptitudes Psicolingüísticas (ITPA) y el promedio final de las asignaturas de Lenguaje, Matemáticas, Ciencias Sociales e Historia y Geografía. Dentro de los resultados se pudo determinar la existencia de una correlación positiva, de fuerza relativamente moderada y estadísticamente significativa entre la Integración Visual y el promedio en la asignatura de Ciencias y el Rendimiento Académico Total, así como la Asociación Auditiva y el promedio en la asignatura de Ciencias y la Expresión Verbal con el promedio en la asignatura de Lenguaje. Por medio de la presente investigación se concluye que se logra establecer una relación parcial entre las Habilidades Psicolingüísticas y el Rendimiento Académico.
Propuesta para el manejo de herramientas digitales en contextos universitarios
Authors: Barrera Barrera Cenayda
Published: January 2023

Las herramientas digitales tienen un papel exigente, a partir de la pandemia, se hicieron importantes para el proceso de formación académica por convertirse en el medio indispensable de comunicación para el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje. La educación virtual asume el reto de llegar a toda la comunidad académica a través de herramientas que faciliten el aprendizaje y que estén dispuestas para encuentros sincrónicos y asincrónicos con los estudiantes.

Para los estudiantes de la Facultad de Estudios a Distancia, el proyecto busco llegar a los educandos a través de un programa que desarrolle Competencias Tecnológicas en docentes de la Facultad de Estudios a Distancia de la Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia. La investigación hizo un estudio proyectivo, con un enfoque mixto de carácter descriptivo, la población se representa con una muestra intencional de 16 docentes y 80 estudiantes, que muestra un total de 96 participantes.

La investigación utilizó un cuestionario escala Likert, que es un método que busca respuestas en los participantes objeto de estudio. A su vez una matriz de dominio para las Competencias Tecnológicas que propone el Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia. La investigación mostró que las Competencias Tecnológicas demostradas por los docentes en nivel explorador son desfavorables, en el nivel integrador se muestra neutral en creación de objetos virtuales, y en el nivel innovador es neutral en la utilización, mientras que los estudiantes muestran un nivel neutral y favorable de habilidad tecnológica, acceso a la información y actitudinal social, entre otras. Por lo anterior se planteó un programa con tres módulos para la utilización de herramientas tecnológicas.
Alteraciones electrofisiológicas en el músculo auricular de rata con síndrome metabólico
Authors: Limón-Cantú Marissa
Published: January 2023

El estilo de vida actual ha aumentado la prevalencia de Síndrome Metabólico (SM) el cual se ha relacionado con la arritmia más común a nivel mundial: la fibrilación auricular. En un modelo de rata con SM se han reportado cambios en el nodo senoauricular, sin embargo, el papel del músculo auricular en esta patología aún sigue sin conocerse. El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar si el SM genera arritmias supraventriculares en un modelo de rata y su relación con alteraciones en la morfología del potencial de acción auricular. Metodología: se utilizaron ratas Wistar macho a las cuales se indujo SM. Se midieron parámetros metabólicos, morfométricos, se registró el electrocardiograma (ECG) in vivo y potenciales de acción auriculares (PA) en una preparación de tejido aislado en donde se midió la excitabilidad. Resultados: en los animales del grupo SM se observaron alteraciones en el ECG como onda P bifásica y onda P mellada relacionado con la disminución en la duración del PA durante la repolarización en endocardio de la aurícula derecha y epicardio de aurícula izquierda, también se observaron cambios transmurales en la duración del PA en ambas aurículas y un desplazamiento hacia la derecha en la gráfica de excitabilidad en los registros del grupo SM.  Concusiones:  el SM remodela la actividad eléctrica supraventricular ya que modifica la heterogeneidad transmural de las aurículas aumentando la excitabilidad. Se propone que estos cambios contribuyen a la generación y mantenimiento de arritmias supraventriculares.
Dilemas bioéticos experimentados por el cuidador respiratorio durante el retiro de la ventilación mecánica en adultos al final de la vida.
Authors: Acosta Urrego Yamile , Sánchez Guarín Yenni Milena , Muñoz Cañón Luisa Fernanda , Sánchez-Alfaro Luis Alberto
Published: January 2023

Introducción: sobre el retiro de la ventilación mecánica al final de la vida, la literatura ha documentado brechas conceptuales en los cuidadores respiratorios y los consecuentes dilemas bioéticos a los que se enfrentan estos profesionales. Objetivo: analizar los dilemas bioéticos que experimentan los cuidadores respiratorios durante el retiro de la ventilación mecánica en adultos al final de la vida a partir de una revisión integradora de la literatura publicada entre 2010 y 2021. Metodología: revisión integrativa de la literatura siguiendo los lineamientos de Whittemore & Knafl (2005) y Guirao Goris (2015). Para el análisis de la información se realizó una evaluación crítica de la literatura acopiada para identificar patrones de comportamiento de los cuidadores respiratorios. Resultados: las enfermedades no transmisibles y crónicas fueron identificadas como las principales condiciones clínicas que determinan la toma de decisiones del cuidador respiratorio en el retiro de la ventilación mecánica paliativa; prolongar la vida de forma artificial a pacientes en estado terminal fue el dilema bioético más frecuente. Conclusiones: los profesionales del cuidado respiratorio enfrentan dilemas éticos en el retiro de la ventilación mecánica al final de la vida de pacientes con afecciones oncológicas y no oncológica; la toma de decisiones se realiza principalmente con base en los principios bioéticos clásicos de Respeto por la autonomía, Beneficencia, No maleficencia y Justicia. Se evidencia la carencia de estudios sobre bioética en diálogo con lineamientos de la Declaración Universal sobre Bioética y Derechos humanos.
Intervención temprana en la unidad de cuidado intensivo neonatal con seguimiento en casa dirigidas a las habilidades motoras de niños prematuros.
Authors: Hastamorir-Clavijo Lizeth Daniela , Molina Cárdenas Diana Carolina , Castellanos Garrido Adriana Lucía
Published: January 2023

Introducción: La prematurez es una importante causa de morbimortalidad perinatal asociado a un mayor riesgo neurológico esto debido a que entre las semanas 20 y 37 de gestación ocurre un rápido crecimiento cortical, particularmente de las áreas sensoriomotoras lo cual afecta potencialmente el neurodesarrollo. Desde diferentes campos se han propuesto estrategias que buscan prevenir que el cerebro sea lesionado  por la estimulación intensa y dolorosa conocidas como “Cuidados centrados en el desarrollo”. Sin embargo, se reporta escasa literatura disponible a nivel nacional que proporcione evidencia de la efectividad de la intervención temprana que favorezca el desarrollo de las habilidades motoras de los bebés en la Unidad de Cuidado intensivo neonatal (UCIN).  Por lo cual, el objetivo de este estudio es conocer las estrategias de intervención temprana utilizadas para mejorar las habilidades motoras en bebés prematuros según lo reportado en la literatura. Método: Se llevó a cabo una revisión de literatura en 3 bases de datos (Scopus, Clinicalkey y ScienceDirect) durante los años 2016 a 2020. Resultados: Se revisaron 7 artículos cuyo idioma prevalente es el inglés sobre estrategias de intervención que inician en la UCIN y continúan con seguimiento en el hogar. Conclusiones: En algunos estudios no se logra evidenciar claramente una dosificación de las intervenciones realizadas. A su vez, la participación activa de los padres es fundamental para la adquisición de habilidades motoras en esta población, donde el fisioterapeuta es primordial en el entrenamiento, guía y acompañamiento del proceso con la familia.
Recent advances in biological pumps as a building block for bioartificial hearts
Authors: Brimmer Sunita , Ji Pengfei , Birla Aditya K. , Keswani Sundeep G. , Caldarone Christopher A. , Birla Ravi K.
Published: January 2023

The field of biological pumps is a subset of cardiac tissue engineering and focused on the development of tubular grafts that are designed generate intraluminal pressure. In the simplest embodiment, biological pumps are tubular grafts with contractile cardiomyocytes on the external surface. The rationale for biological pumps is a transition from planar 3D cardiac patches to functional biological pumps, on the way to complete bioartificial hearts. Biological pumps also have applications as a standalone device, for example, to support the Fontan circulation in pediatric patients. In recent years, there has been a lot of progress in the field of biological pumps, with innovative fabrication technologies. Examples include the use of cell sheet engineering, self-organized heart muscle, bioprinting and in vivo bio chambers for vascularization. Several materials have been tested for biological pumps and included resected aortic segments from rodents, type I collagen, and fibrin hydrogel, to name a few. Multiple bioreactors have been tested to condition biological pumps and replicate the complex in vivo environment during controlled in vitro culture. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the field of the biological pumps, outlining progress in the field over the past several years. In particular, different fabrication methods, biomaterial platforms for tubular grafts and examples of bioreactors will be presented. In addition, we present an overview of some of the challenges that need to be overcome for the field of biological pumps to move forward.
An IoT-based smart mosquito trap system embedded with real-time mosquito image processing by neural networks for mosquito surveillance
Authors: Liu Wei-Liang , Wang Yuhling , Chen Yu-Xuan , Chen Bo-Yu , Lin Arvin Yi-Chu , Dai Sheng-Tong , Chen Chun-Hong , Liao Lun-De
Published: January 2023

An essential aspect of controlling and preventing mosquito-borne diseases is to reduce mosquitoes that carry viruses. We designed a smart mosquito trap system to reduce the density of mosquito vectors and the spread of mosquito-borne diseases. This smart trap uses computer vision technology and deep learning networks to identify features of live Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus in real-time. A unique mechanical design based on the rotation concept is also proposed and implemented to capture specific living mosquitoes into the corresponding chambers successfully. Moreover, this system is equipped with sensors to detect environmental data, such as CO2 concentration, temperature, and humidity. We successfully demonstrated the implementation of such a tool and paired it with a reliable capture mechanism for live mosquitos without destroying important morphological features. The neural network achieved 91.57% accuracy with test set images. When the trap prototype was applied in a tent, the accuracy rate in distinguishing live Ae. aegypti was 92%, with a capture rate reaching 44%. When the prototype was placed into a BG trap to produce a smart mosquito trap, it achieved a 97% recognition rate and a 67% catch rate when placed in the tent. In a simulated living room, the recognition and capture rates were 90% and 49%, respectively. This smart trap correctly differentiated between Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti mosquitoes, and may also help control mosquito-borne diseases and predict their possible outbreak.
Multiple pathways of SARS-CoV-2 nosocomial transmission uncovered by integrated genomic and epidemiological analyses during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK
Authors: Cook Kate F. , Beckett Angela H. , Glaysher Sharon , Goudarzi Salman , Fearn Christopher , Loveson Katie F. , Elliott Scott , Wyllie Sarah , Lloyd Allyson , Bicknell Kelly , Lumley Sally , Chauhan Anoop J. , Robson Samuel C. ,   The COVID-19 Genomics UK (COG-UK) consortium
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Throughout the global COVID-19 pandemic, nosocomial transmission has represented a major concern for healthcare settings and has accounted for many infections diagnosed within hospitals. As restrictions ease and novel variants continue to spread, it is important to uncover the specific pathways by which nosocomial outbreaks occur to understand the most suitable transmission control strategies for the future.

Methods

In this investigation, SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences obtained from 694 healthcare workers and 1,181 patients were analyzed at a large acute NHS hospital in the UK between September 2020 and May 2021. These viral genomic data were combined with epidemiological data to uncover transmission routes within the hospital. We also investigated the effects of the introduction of the highly transmissible variant of concern (VOC), Alpha, over this period, as well as the effects of the national vaccination program on SARS-CoV-2 infection in the hospital.

Results

Our results show that infections of all variants within the hospital increased as community prevalence of Alpha increased, resulting in several outbreaks and super-spreader events. Nosocomial infections were enriched amongst older and more vulnerable patients more likely to be in hospital for longer periods but had no impact on disease severity. Infections appeared to be transmitted most regularly from patient to patient and from patients to HCWs. In contrast, infections from HCWs to patients appeared rare, highlighting the benefits of PPE in infection control. The introduction of the vaccine at this time also reduced infections amongst HCWs by over four-times.

Discussion

These analyses have highlighted the importance of control measures such as regular testing, rapid lateral flow testing alongside polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, isolation of positive patients in the emergency department (where possible), and physical distancing of patient beds on hospital wards to minimize nosocomial transmission of infectious diseases such as COVID-19.
Combined analysis of gut microbiome and serum metabolomics reveals novel biomarkers in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ni Boxiong , Kong Xianglong , Yan Yubo , Fu Bicheng , Zhou Fucheng , Xu Shidong
Published: January 2023

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the predominant form of lung cancer and is one of the most fatal cancers worldwide. Recently, the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) proposed a novel grading system based on the predominant and high-grade histological patterns for invasive pulmonary adenocarcinoma (IPA). To improve outcomes for NSCLC patients, we combined serum metabolomics and fecal microbiology to screen biomarkers in patients with early-stage NSCLC and identified characteristic microbial profiles in patients with different grades of IPA. 26 genera and 123 metabolites were significantly altered in the early-stage NSCLC patients. Agathobacter, Blautia, Clostridium, and Muribaculacea were more abundant in the early-stage NSCLC patients compared with healthy controls. For the different grades of IPA, the characteristic microorganisms are as follows: Blautia and Marinobacter in IPA grade type 1; Dorea in IPA grade type 2; and Agathobacter in IPA grade type 3. In the metabolome results, the early-stage NSCLC group mainly included higher levels of sphingolipids (D-erythro-sphingosine 1-phosphate, palmitoyl sphingomyelin), fatty acyl (Avocadyne 1-acetate, 12(S)-HETE, 20-Carboxy-Leukotriene B4, Thromboxane B3, 6-Keto-prostaglandin f1alpha, Sebacic acid, Tetradecanedioic acid) and glycerophospholipids (LPC 20:2, LPC 18:0, LPC 18:4, LPE 20:2, LPC 20:1, LPC 16:1, LPC 20:0, LPA 18:2, LPC 17:1, LPC 17:2, LPC 19:0). Dysregulation of pathways, such as sphingolipid metabolism and sphingolipid signaling pathway may become an emerging therapeutic strategy for early-NSCLC. Correlation analysis showed that gut microbiota and serum metabolic profiles were closely related, while Muribaculacea and Clostridium were the core genera. These findings provide new biomarkers for the diagnosis of early-stage NSCLC and the precise grading assessment of prognostic-related IPAs, which are of clinical importance and warrant further investigation of the underlying molecular mechanisms.