bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quimiometria aplicada à qualidade da água subterrânea em uma instituição de pesquisa na região Amazônica
Authors: Vasconcelos Junior Neuton Trindade , Carneiro Bruno Santana , Gomes Luíza de Cássia Santa Brígida , Veiga Marília Ahndrew , Santos Yasmim Oliveira dos , Faial Cássio Raimundo Freitas , Faial Kelson do Carmo Freitas
Published: February 2025

A utilização de águas subterrâneas intensificou-se a partir dos anos 1950, desencadeada pelo crescimento populacional e econômico. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a qualidade da água subterrânea utilizada em uma instituição de pesquisa na Região Metropolitana de Belém (RMB). Foram realizadas dez amostragens em quatro poços utilizados para abastecimento da instituição, entre outubro de 2021 e julho de 2022. Os parâmetros pH, Temperatura, Condutividade Elétrica (CE), Sólidos Totais Dissolvidos (STD) e Potencial de Oxirredução (ORP) foram determinados por meio de uma sonda multiparâmetro. Na sequência, as amostras foram encaminhadas à Seção de Meio Ambiente do Instituto Evandro Chagas para análise de metais e do parâmetro Dureza Total (DT). A análise de componentes principais (PCA) revelou a separação de dois grupos de parâmetros, indicando uma correlação entre cada componente dos grupos e destacando um alto grau de similaridade entre os parâmetros Al, Fe, Mn e Ba. Com relação aos parâmetros físico-químicos, a água subterrânea estudada apresenta boa qualidade, com exceção do parâmetro pH, que indicou acidez acentuada. Sendo assim, o consumo de água subterrânea na instituição só é possível mediante um tratamento prévio do liquido.
Padrão morfológico do nariz
Authors: Ortigoza Leonardo Santiago , Andrade Mayara de , Antunes Antônio Azoubel , Lima Juvino Janmeson Batista de , Souza Amanda Galvão , Pereira Paloma Maria , Trajano Luina Alencar , Petraki Gabriela Granja Porto
Published: February 2025

Introdução: Hoje há uma enorme demanda para o reconhecimento individual tanto na esfera civil como na penal. Uma informação detalhada obtida da análise fisiológica e osteológica dos restos mortais, dados morfológicos do nariz em população específica podem promover o sucesso da identificação. Objetivo: formar uma base de dados para determinação do padrão morfológico do nariz com fins de uma futura reconstrução tridimensional da face de uma população brasileira para aplicação no reconhecimento de restos mortais esquelético. Metodologia: O sexo, a idade e a raça de cada indivíduo foram coletadas no mesmo momento em que foram coletadas as medidas do nariz. As faixas etárias consideradas foram 18-39; 40-59 e ≥60 anos. As medidas nasais realizadas foram: largura nasal e base alar, dorso nasal, násio-subnasal, protrusão nasal, aberturas nasais, direita e esquerda. Resultados: Todas as medidas tiveram diferença significativa em relação a todas as faixas etárias (p≤0,001). Quando o sexo masculino foi comparado ao feminino, aquele obteve maiores médias em todas as medidas e com diferença significante (p≤0,001), com exceção da medida da base alar. No que concerne a raça, a única medida que houve diferença significante foi a largura nasal (p<0,001). Em relação ao IMC, houve diferença significante entre as classificações (p=0,004), com os obesos com as maiores médias. Conclusão: Medidas nasais foram maiores nos homens que nas mulheres, a largura nasal foi maior nos não brancos que nos brancos e maior em pacientes obesos.
ROUX-EN-Y Gastric Bypass (BGYR) versus Sleeve Gastrectomy (GMV) in long-term remission of type 2 Diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized studies
Authors: Santos Amanda Vitória Rodrigues dos , Diniz Emilly Sousa , Batista Bruno Biths , Morais Mauro José de Deus , Leitão Francisco Naildo Cardoso
Published: February 2025

Introduction: As a treatment measure for obesity, bariatric surgery using Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VMS) has shown promising results in glycemic control and reduction of comorbidities. However, there are few long-term follow-up studies comparing the two techniques in obese and diabetic patients. Objective: To compare long-term diabetes remission using RYGB or VGM in patients who have undergone bariatric surgery in the last ten years. Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Meta-analysis protocol. An advanced search strategy was applied to Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science to select randomized clinical trials comparing RYGB and VGM in diabetes remission. The mean difference (MD) and odds ratio (OR) were calculated for binary outcomes by statistical analysis using Review Manager 5.4 software with the use of subgroups. Results: 5 randomized studies and 337 patients were included, showing that long-term remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus was higher for patients undergoing RYGB (OR 1.84; 95% CI 1.13-3.00; P-value = 0.01; I2= 0%), especially at the 5-year follow-up interval (OR 2.41; 95% CI 1.32-4.39; P-value = 0.004; I2= 0%). Conclusion: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) resulted in a higher remission rate of type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VMS) in the long term.
A soberania à luz do construtivismo
Authors: Szadkoski Marta Helena , Pereira Junior Wilson Garcia , Tavares Aroldo da Silva , Pereira Luciana Furlanetto , Sant'Anna Alessandra de , Aldaraca Nora Rebeca Munguía , Brachtvogel Vanessa , Stella Fabiane Morello , Bini Adriano Krul
Published: February 2025

Este artigo explora a perspectiva do construtivismo em Relações Internacionais para compreender a soberania. Por meio de uma revisão teórica, abordaram-se as definições construtivistas de alguns conceitos das Relações Internacionais. Em seguida, por meio da análise de teóricos construtivistas, Nicholas Onuf, Alexander Wendt e Martha Finnemore, examinamos como a soberania é conceituada na perspectiva Construtivista. O Construtivismo desafia as visões tradicionais de soberania como um conceito fixo e absoluto, destacando sua natureza negociada e adaptativa, moldada por ideias, normas e identidades. A pesquisa revisa intervenções humanitárias na Somália, Kosovo, Líbia e Síria, evidenciando como essas práticas desafiaram o conceito clássico de soberania, introduzindo a Responsabilidade de Proteger (R2P). Essa norma reconfigura a soberania, vinculando-a à proteção de populações vulneráveis, ainda que a sua aplicação revele seletividade e desafios geopolíticos. A abordagem construtivista contribui para compreender as transformações da soberania, conciliando autoridade estatal com responsabilidade internacional. Conclui-se que a soberania é dinâmica, negociada por meio de interações globais e essencial para enfrentar desafios contemporâneos.
A new method for measuring dopamine in the presence of uric acid employing a carbon paste electrode modified with the UiO-66 metal organic framework-graphene oxide nanocomposite
Authors: Gatea Azhar Hameed , Ajel Aseer Shakir , Muslim Muhibes Raed
Published: February 2025

Background and purpose: Dopamine has an impact on the cardiovascular, endocrine, renal, and central neurological systems. Electrochemical techniques are becoming more and more popular among researchers as a way to assess dopamine and uric acid levels. Experimental approach: Using electrochemical techniques, a new Universitet i Oslo MOF (UiO-66)-graphene oxide nanocomposite-modified carbon paste electrode was created to investigate the electrooxidation of uric acid and dopamine as well as their combinations. At the redesigned electrode, uric acid and dopamine were detected concurrently in a very sensitive way using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Key results: Dopamine DPV peak currents increase in a linear fashion at doses between 0.05 and 600.0 µM. Conclusion: Uric acid and dopamine levels in urine and dopamine injection samples may be determined with the help of the proposed sensor, which is reasonably priced and performs well.
Cash demand in times of crises: a global perspective
Authors: Bartzsch Nikolaus , Rösl Gerhard , Seitz Franz
Published: February 2025

We analyse the repercussions of different kinds of crises on cash demand in an international perspective. Our case studies are based on time series of banknotes in circulation in a selection of 16 countries and currency areas across all continents over the period from 1990 to 2022. We distinguish between six different kinds of crises: (1) uncertainty of the digital infrastructure, (2) confidence crises of the financial system, (3) natural disasters, (4) political crises, (5) inflationary crises, and (6) exchange rate crises. Our case studies suggest that crises are likely to have contributed to the dynamic growth in demand for banknotes in the countries analysed. This applies both to small and large banknote denominations.
Feature selection methods for Cox proportional hazards model. Comparative study for financial and medical survival data
Authors: Skwirz Wojciech
Published: February 2025

This study compares Cox proportional hazards models across medical and financial datasets built using various feature selection techniques. In this analysis 8 feature selection techniques (3 variants of forward selection, 2 variants of a selection based on principal component analysis, selection based on random survival forest, best subset selection and a selection based on a LASSO regularization) were tested across 22 multidimensional datasets (2 financial and 22 medical). The resulting Cox models were compared based on a concordance index. The main hypothesis of this study stating that the LASSO regularization or the selection based on random survival forest method (generating good models for medical data) would yield similar performance on financial data, was hereby disproved. The forward Schwarz and best subset selection gave the best results for financial data, while LASSO and random survival forest proved to be the most efficient in medical setting, for each considered model size.
AGREEMENT ON FISHERIES SUBSIDIES (AFS) AND ITS RELEVANCE TO THE WTO’S CURRENT POSITION IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
Authors: Majchrowska Elżbieta
Published: February 2025

The paper includes a consideration of the Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies (AFS) signed at the 12 WTO Ministerial Conference, June 2022 in Geneva. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the key provisions of this agreement, as a WTO landmark agreement. Despite many difficulties on the way to its achievement and some shortcomings in the final provisions, the AFS represents a historic achievement. This is because it is the first WTO agreement to focus on the environment and only the second to be achieved within the WTO and adopted by all members since the organization’s creation. Moreover, it represents the first SDG goal achieved and the first SDG goal to be fulfilled through a multilateral agreement. The WTO’s ability to adopt the AFS during the 12 MC was also a test of the credibility of the organization, which accomplished this impressive negotiating feat at a particularly difficult time for both the global economy and the functioning of the institution itself. From the analysis carried out in the study, it can be concluded that the adoption of the AFS has contributed to strengthening the credibility of the WTO and confirmed that it is possible to implement the established priorities even in the face of international tensions. To achieve the objectives of the study, the analytical and descriptive method was mainly used. The considerations were based primarily on source materials and academic studies in the field of international trade policy, as well as data from the resources of the WTO and other international organizations.
LEGAL AIR PROTECTION IN POLAND AND THE CZECH REPUBLIC – SELECTED ISSUES (PART I)
Authors: Radecka Ewa
Published: February 2025

This article attempts to synthetically discuss selected elements of the legal model of air protection against pollution in Poland and the Czech Republic. The article aims to present this issue to a broader audience, which may be a contribution to starting a scientific discussion in this field. Within the framework of this article, it is impossible to cover all topics related to air protection in both countries. Hence, the main focus will be on protecting air quality and avoiding air pollution from the domestic and municipal sectors – Poland’s most crucial issue is the most severe problem in the fight for good-quality air. The Polish and Czech legal orders were not chosen randomly as the research area. I justify the reference to Czech legislation by geographical proximity (neighborhood with Poland, pollution is cross-border), similar problems (post-communist country), and EU membership. Despite these apparent similarities, both countries deal with air protection differently. As reports by the European Environment Agency indicate, the Czech Republic has better air quality than Poland. The analysis will determine how Poland and the Czech Republic have regulated the issues related to combating pollution from individual combustion sources, which will constitute a starting point for a comparative study, which is necessary to develop an appropriate (i.e. effective and protective) model of air protection in Poland. This article is the first in a series and will concern the definition of research objectives and the general background of the current air quality in Poland and the Czech Republic. The article uses dogmatic-legal, statistical, and comparative methods.
THE ROLE OF THE PRIVATE INVESTIGATOR IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Przybyłowicz Paulina
Published: February 2025

One of the most important activities in a criminal trial is the gathering of evidence. Each party to the trial tries to convince the court of the credibility of the evidence gathered in its favor. In order to effectively defend their rights, stakeholders choose trial attorneys who professionally handle the case entrusted to them in terms of legal services. Nevertheless, it is the main role of private investigators to gather evidence in a case. This study aims to show the role of the private investigator in criminal proceedings, as well as to examine whether his participation in the process can bring more positive effects or negative consequences. In addition, the article highlights some problems that arise in connection with the use of detective services. In particular, concerning: the functioning of unlicensed detectives in the service market, the realization of professional secrecy or the right to defense, as well as the problems concerning the availability of case files for private detectives. The article focuses on showing both the positive influences and the and negative repercussions of using detective services in the criminal process. The present study is primarily aimed at signaling the need for the reader to consider the possibility of, and how to eliminate, the problems posed by the participation of a detective in criminal proceedings.
AUDIATUR ET ALTERA PARS IN POLISH PRESS LAW. DOCTRINAL ISSUES AND ANALYSIS OF THE SUBJECTIVE ASPECT OF THE RULE (PART 1)
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Michał
Published: February 2025

The rule of ‘hearing all parties’ (audiatur et altera parsin Latin) is one of the most important elements of the principle of special care and journalistic integrity, as expressed in Art. 12 sec. 1(1) of the Press Law of 26 January 1984 (Journal of Laws 2018.1914, i.e.). This rule can be considered in various complementary aspects, from which it is possible to derive a number of directives for journalists, editors and publishers, guiding their work and setting high professional standards, both towards people described in the press and media recipients or – most broadly – society. The article discusses the essence of the rule of audiatur et altera pars, its axionormative assumptions and relations to the meta-principle, which is the imperative of special care and journalistic reliability. The purpose of the article shall also be to discuss the subjective aspect of the ‘hear all parties’ rule, which refers to the journalist’s obligation to address all the protagonists of the publication prior to publication in order to obtain information and positions for use in the press material. This article is the first part of a consideration on the audiatur et altera pars rule, which will be continued in the next issue of this journal, inter alia to discuss the remaining aspects of the ‘hearing of all parties’ principle, i.e. the substantive, procedural/organisational and temporal aspects.
TERMINATION OF AN EMPLOYMENT CONTRACT WITHOUT NOTICE UNDER ARTICLE 53 OF THE LABOUR CODE AND THE PROHIBITION OF DISCRIMINATION ON THE GROUNDS OF DISABILITY IN THE LIGHTOF THE LATEST INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
Authors: Paluszkiewicz Magdalena
Published: February 2025

The paper will attempt to find answers to two fundamental questions. First, does Article 53 of the Labour Code, insofar as it shapes the protection periods for employees with and without disabilities in the same way, in fact lead to discrimination on the grounds of disability by enabling the employer to terminate the employment relationship more quickly with an employee who, because of his disability, is more exposed to the risk of developing the disease? Second, does Article 53 of the Labour Code, insofar as it allows the employer to terminate the employment relationship without first requiring the employer to provide reasonable accommodation to an employee with a disability, or without the need to demonstrate that providing such accommodations would be a disproportionate burden on the employer, lead to discrimination on the basis of disability? In order to answer the questions asked, a selected, constantly developing CJEU acquis in this area will be used, shaped as a result of the interpretation of the provisions of the Directive in response to the questions referred for a preliminary ruling. The analysis of the title problem will enable the assessment of the compliance of Polish regulations with the indicated standards and the formulation of de lege ferenda postulates
COMMENT TO THE VERDICT OF THE PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATIVE COURT IN GLIWICE OF NOVEMBER 7, 2023, III SA/GL 305/23 ON THE HOUSING ALLOWANCE FOR A UKRAINIAN CITIZEN
Authors: Krawiec Grzegorz
Published: February 2025

In the judgment under comment, the Court ruled on an issue that has not appeared in court jurisprudence to date. This is the issue of granting a housing allowance to a citizen of Ukraine who meets the material prerequisites for its award. The court held that if a party meets all the material prerequisites for granting the allowance, it should also be granted to a citizen of Ukraine, since the right to a housing allowance does not depend on the absence or possession of a certain citizenship. Accordingly, the Court annulled the decisions of the authorities of both instances. The article pointed out that the appealed decision of the second instance, as well as the preceding decision of the administrative body of the first instance, were issued in flagrant violation of Article 2 (1) (1) of the Housing Allowance Law.
Regeneration of Bone and Cartilage Tissue – New Treatment and Rehabilitation Strategy
Authors: Krysiak-Zielonka Iwona
Published: February 2025

Regeneration of bone and cartilage tissues is a key area of research and practice in sports medicine and orthopedics. Modern technologies, integrating traditional methods with innovative solutions, open new perspectives in therapy and improvement of patients’ quality of life. Examples of such methods and their clinical applications confirm the dynamic development of this field of medicine, which gives hope for achieving more satisfactory therapeutic outcomes in the future.Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Therapy (NMRT), also known as MBST, is an innovative therapeutic method that is gaining popularity in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders, including bone and cartilage regeneration. This method is an answer to the growing demand for effective and non-invasive methods of treating musculoskeletal conditions. Clinical trials conducted over the last 10 years provide ample evidence for the effectiveness of NMRT in the treatment of musculoskeletal conditions. NMRT is used to treat both chronic and acute diseases such as arthrosis and osteoporosis. Thanks to its properties, it focuses on the source of the problem, and not only on relieving the symptoms. An additional advantage is that no side effects have been demonstrated to date. Magnetic resonance therapy can be used as an adjunct to traditional treatments. Thanks to the ability to stimulate regenerative processes at the cellular level, it significantly accelerates the process of returning to full fitness.This article aims to discuss the processes of bone and cartilage tissue regeneration in response to nuclear magnetic resonance therapy (NMRT), present the results of clinical trials and therapeutic guidelines against the background of other treatment methods.
Tailored chitin copolyesters: a study of butyric-succinic derivative for advanced material applications
Authors: Bednarowicz A. , Tarzyńska N. , Patlewicz M. , Pabjańczyk-Wlazło E. , Szparaga G. , Draczyński Z. , Grabowska K.
Published: February 2025

The study addresses the limitations of chitin and its derivatives obtained by modification, particularly the poor solubility of the base material and the toxic and environmentally harmful reagents used for its modification. The main objective is synthesising a butyrate-succinate derivative of chitin using an environmentally friendly catalyst that allows precise control over the material's properties. The study investigated how changing the ratio of butyric anhydride to succinic anhydride affects the physical and chemical properties of the synthesised chitin copolyesters.The study synthesised chitin copolyesters via esterification using butyric and succinic anhydrides with methanesulfonic acid as a catalyst. The resulting derivatives were examined using analytical techniques, including Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy - (FTIR ATR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The surface properties of the materials were assessed by contact angle measurements using water.The study successfully synthesises butyric-succinic chitin copolyesters. Analytical results demonstrate significant structural modifications, confirmed by FTIR ATR and H NMR, while preserving the glycosidic structure of chitin. Increasing the ratio of succinic groups enhances the hydrophilicity of the materials, as evidenced by reduced contact angles. Thermal analysis shows that the modifications do not compromise the thermal stability of the polymer. The findings highlight the potential of the synthesised copolyesters for tailored applications, such as hydrophilic or hydrophobic coatings and advanced biomaterials.The study is limited to using methanesulfonic acid as a catalyst and a specific range of anhydride ratios. Future research could explore other environmentally friendly catalysts and broader compositional ranges to optimise and diversify the functional properties of the derivatives. Additionally, large-scale synthesis and application-specific testing are recommended to validate the materials for industrial use.The developed method provides a sustainable and efficient pathway to modify chitin, enabling its use in advanced applications. Hydrophilic derivatives could potentially find applications as dressings and water filtration systems. Meanwhile, hydrophobic variants can be used in waterproof coatings and packaging materials. The more environmentally friendly synthesis method aligns with current trends in research aimed at obtaining advanced materials.The research introduces a novel and environmentally conscious approach to synthesising chitin copolyesters, addressing significant challenges in chitin modification. The possibility of precisely controlling the surface properties expands the potential applications of the obtained chitin derivatives.
Proyección para la implementación de herramientas computacionales en la enseñanza de las Matemáticas, aplicadas en el bachillerato técnico en Informática
Authors: Ordoñez-Chávez Cesia Jemima , Miranda-Vélez Bertha Gisella , Illescas-Prieto Simón Alberto
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo explora la implementación de herramientas computacionales en la enseñanza de Matemáticas en el Bachillerato Técnico en Informática a manera de proyección, llevando a cabo el respectivo estudio en la Unidad Educativa Fiscal “Provincia de Bolívar”, de la ciudad de Guayaquil. La investigación utilizó un enfoque mixto, combinando métodos teóricos, empíricos y estadísticos para evaluar la factibilidad y los beneficios del uso de ciertas tecnologías educativas en la enseñanza de Matemáticas. Se aplicaron encuestas a 80 estudiantes de primero BT en informática y entrevistas a 5 docentes del área para recopilar datos sobre sus percepciones, conocimientos, necesidades y disposición hacia las herramientas computacionales. Los resultados mostraron una predisposición positiva por parte de los estudiantes para utilizar estas herramientas, destacando que la mayoría cree que el uso de tecnologías mejoraría su comprensión y motivación en Matemáticas; sin embargo, los docentes señalaron la necesidad de mayor formación previa y recursos para integrar efectivamente dichas herramientas en sus clases. Se concluye que, aunque los estudiantes y docentes reconocen el potencial de las tecnologías para mejorar el aprendizaje, es crucial garantizar la capacitación adecuada de los profesores y proporcionar los recursos necesarios. Finalmente, se presenta un modelo de planificación de clase basado en el uso de GeoGebra, Wolfram Alpha y Microsoft Math Solver, aplicado a un tema del currículo que demuestra un aprendizaje interactivo y visual de conceptos matemáticos complejos.
Fungsi Sentra Pelayanan Kepolisian Terpadu (SPKT) Dalam Upaya Pelayanan Prima Kepolisian Kepada Masyarakat (Studi Di Polsek Kalitidu Polres Bojonegoro)
Authors: Firman Subangun  , Irma Mangar
Published: February 2025

Sentra Pelayanan Kepolisian Terpadu (SPKT) merupakan ujung tombak Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia dalam melayani masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui realisasi Undang – undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 Tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia terkait penyediaan pelayanan Sentra Pelayanan Kepolisian Terpadu (SPKT) Serta kendala dan hambatan dalam realisasi penyediaan fasilitas pelayanan kepolisian tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penilitian normatif empiris yang menggunakan pendekatan per undang – undangan. Sumber data yaang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder serta analisa data menggunakan analisa deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penilitian dapat disimpulakan bahwa bentuk undang – undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 Tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia telah dilaksanakan oleh Sentra Pelayanan Kepolisian Terpadu Polsek Kalitidu Polres Bojonegoro. Terdapat beberapa hambatan dalam penyediaan pelayanan kepolisian tersebut, Namun dalam penyediaan pelayanan kepolisian tersebut secepat mungkin kendala tersebut dapat diatasi.
PERTIMBANGAN HUKUM JAKSA SEBAGAI PENYIDIK DALAM MENETAPKAN STATUS SAKSI MENJADI TERSANGKA DAN PENANGGUHAN PENAHANAN PADA KASUS TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DI WILAYAH HUKUM KEJAKSAAN NEGERI BOJONEGORO
Authors: Irma Mangar Viorina Tasya Dwi Fahira Fahmawati,
Published: February 2025

Saksi adalah bagian utama pada rangkaian pemeriksaan dari awal hingga akhir perkara pidana. Informasi saksi selalu dipergunakan guna mendapatkan petunjuk bagi penyidik pada proses investigasi. Oleh karenanya kedudukan penting saksi seringkali disalah gunakan oleh pihak-pihak tak bertanggung jawab dengan menjadikan status saksi sebagai alibi suatu tindak pidana. Banyak ketidakjujuran yang diperbuat oleh oknum pelaku kejahatan guna melindungi status saksinya supaya tidak meningkat statusnya menjadi tersangka. Kebijakan dan pertimbangan penyidik sangat diperlukan dalam pengalihan status saksi menjadi tersangka. Selain mempertimbangkan dalam hal pengalihan status dari saksi menjadi tersangka, pertimbangan jaksa penyidik juga dibutuhkan dalam upaya penangguhan penahanan. Pada Pasal 31 Ayat (1) Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP) “Atas permintaan tersangka atau terdakwa, penyidik atau penuntut umum atau hakim, sesuai dengan kewenangan masing-masing, dapat mengadakan penangguhan penahanan dengan atau tanpa jaminan uang atau jaminan orang, berdasarkan syarat yang ditentukan”. Penetapan tersangka tidak melulu berasal dari saksi yang dialihkan menjadi tersangka, seperti halnya kasus pidana umum dimana tersangka langsung diperoleh setelah beberapa kali pemeriksaan tanpa dijadikan saksi terlebih dahulu. Seseorang ditetapkan sebagai tersangka berdasarkan bukti permulaan yang didapat dari hasil penyelidikan yang dilakukan oleh kepolisian. Pasal 66 (1) Perkap No. 12/2009: “Status sebagai tersangka hanya dapat ditetapkan oleh penyidik kepada sesorang setelah hasil penyidikan yang dilaksanakan memperoleh bukti permulaan yang cukup yaitu paling sedikit 2 (dua) jenis alat bukti”.
El efecto del ejercicio físico en el tratamiento de adultos mayores con diabetes mellitus
Authors: Álvarez Rodríguez Doraysi , Gordo Gómez Yusleidy Marlie
Published: February 2025

Introducción: La evaluación del efecto del ejercicio físico en el tratamiento de adultos mayores con diabetes mellitus es una temática actual y necesaria, es por ello que el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo: elaborar una alternativa metodológica para contribuir a la evaluación del efecto del ejercicio físico en adultos mayores diabéticos del área de salud Mario Gutiérrez del municipio Holguín. Metodología se realiza una investigación no experimental prospectiva. Resultados en correspondencia con lo antes planteado se muestra una estructura de alternativa metodológica con sus etapas y acciones así como un sistema de evaluación articulando el control glucémico, con el índice de Masa Corporal y la capacidad funcional. Conclusiones, luego de la consulta a los expertos se corrobora el nivel de pertinencia de la propuesta presentada
Influencia de la actividad física en la salud mental en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Riquelme Flores Diego Enrique , Sánchez Salazar Valeria , Peña Cueto Adriano Martín
Published: February 2025

Este estudio investiga la relación entre la actividad física y la salud mental en estudiantes universitarios de Lima, Perú, implica demostrar los beneficios de la actividad física en los procesos mentales, tales como ansiedad, depresión y estrés que están asociados a su bienestar social. Objetivo: analizar los efectos de la actividad física en la regulación del bienestar psicológico, la ansiedad, el estrés y los trastornos del ánimo que presentan los estudiantes universitarios. Materiales y métodos: se aplicó un diseño cuantitativo de tipo transversal a una muestra de 200 estudiantes de diversas carreras con la utilización de una encuesta sobre frecuencia, duración e intensidad de la actividad física y un inventario sobre su estado de salud mental (ansiedad, estrés y síntomas depresivos), información analizada a través de la estadística descriptiva. Resultados de la investigación sugieren que una mayor participación en actividades físicas está correlacionada con una mejora significativa en los indicadores de salud mental. Conclusiones Este artículo discute las implicaciones de estos hallazgos en el ámbito universitario y la necesidad de promover la actividad física como parte integral de la vida estudiantil.
Impacto da Inteligência Artificial na Medicina: Revisão bibliográfica sobre diagnóstico, tratamento e sistemas de apoio à decisão
Authors: Ribeiro Rafael Dias , Gomes Amanda , Gomes Daniela , Gomes Gabriela , de Souza Erick Vitor , Sousa Renata de Carvalho Vieira , Gomes Valter , Gomes Lucia Helena
Published: February 2025

O uso da inteligência artificial (IA) na medicina tem crescido substancialmente, impactando áreas como diagnóstico por imagem, previsão de tratamento e análise de prontuários eletrônicos. Esta revisão bibliográfica teve como objetivo explorar o uso da IA no diagnóstico e tratamento de doenças, destacando metodologias e aplicações em diferentes áreas da saúde. Foram analisados 57 artigos sobre a integração de IA em oncologia, cardiologia e medicina de emergência. A IA tem sido amplamente aplicada em sistemas de apoio à decisão clínica, como redes bayesianas dinâmicas para prever a evolução de doenças e resultados de tratamentos. A revisão revelou benefícios, como maior precisão diagnóstica e eficiência, porém desafios relacionados à transparência e confiança nos modelos de IA ainda persistem. Muitos estudos empregaram aprendizado de máquina e deep learning, integrando dados longitudinais de prontuários. Conclui-se que a IA tem o potencial de transformar a prática médica, mas requer validação e supervisão rigorosas.
O USO DE CASOS REAIS EM METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS
Authors: Dos Santos Carla Lopes Cardoso , Silva Ana Carolina de Carvalho , De Souza Cintia Máximo , Machado Daniela Ceruti Castro , Stein Débora Rosa , Costa Jessé Marques Lima , Santos Maria Auxiliadora da Silva , Da Silva Wagner Luís Braga
Published: February 2025

Este estudo teve como problema de pesquisa a questão de como o uso de casos reais nas metodologias ativas impacta o aprendizado e o desenvolvimento de habilidades nos alunos. O objetivo geral foi analisar como a utilização de casos reais em metodologias ativas contribui para o desenvolvimento de habilidades cognitivas e socioemocionais, promovendo uma aprendizagem significativa. A metodologia adotada foi de natureza bibliográfica, baseada em uma revisão de literatura sobre o tema, com ênfase em artigos, livros e dissertações relacionadas ao uso de casos reais nas metodologias ativas. Os resultados indicaram que a aplicação de casos reais proporciona uma aprendizagem profunda, conectando o conteúdo teórico com a prática e incentivando a participação ativa dos alunos. Além disso, foi observado que o uso de casos reais favorece o desenvolvimento de habilidades como pensamento crítico, resolução de problemas, empatia e colaboração. A análise dos dados revelou que as metodologias ativas com casos reais aumentam o engajamento dos alunos e os preparam de maneira eficaz para o mercado de trabalho. As considerações finais destacaram as contribuições do estudo para a prática pedagógica, sugerindo que pesquisas empíricas sejam realizadas para complementar os achados, com a implementação de casos reais em contextos educacionais diversos. Concluiu-se que os casos reais são essenciais para o desenvolvimento de competências nos alunos e para o fortalecimento das metodologias ativas.
Effect of Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk. on aortic hyperglycemia via JAK family expression
Authors: Situmorang Putri Cahaya , Syahputra Rony Abdi , Siregar Etti Sartina , Putri Mimmy Sari Syah , Tallei Trina Ekawati , Setiawan Eka
Published: February 2025

Context: Hyperglycemia is a significant contributor to the development of atherosclerosis and is a major risk factor. The process initiates with the phosphorylation of JAK1 and JAK2, subsequently leading to the activation of STAT3, which results in atherosclerotic damage to vascular endothelial cells. Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is an antioxidant botanical in traditional medicine with the capacity to mitigate oxidative stress.
Aims: To analyze JAK family expression in aorta tissue after administration of R. tomentosa.
Methods: A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was utilized to test Wistar rats in six groups: K+: alloxan-induced diabetes, K-: untreated animals, and K0: diabetic rats + metformin. Groups K1, K2, and K3 received R. tomentosa at 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg BW. R. tomentosa was taken orally for two weeks. Next, the animals were dissected to take the aorta for analysis of immunohistochemistry with JAK family expression and also for analysis of the lumen and thickness of the aorta.
Results: Hyperglycemic aortic tissue alters histologically, changing lumen size and tunica intima thickness and also media tunica layers. Foam cells produce fat and plaque streaks that thicken and restrict blood channel lumens. This restriction can slow blood flow. R. tomentosa restored lumen size similar to the untreated group. JAK1 and JAK2 inhibit pro-inflammatory protein function; however, JAK3 expression in aortic tissue decreases when R. tomentosa dosage increases.
Conclusions: Hyperglycemic aortic tissue has histological modifications, such as changes in lumen diameter and hypertrophy of the tunica intima and media, resulting in foam cell development, lipid streaks, and plaque-induced vascular constriction. Administering R. tomentosa restores lumen size and modulates JAK protein expression, with JAK1 and JAK2 levels inhibiting pro-inflammatory proteins, while JAK3 expression diminishes with increasing dosage.
Hepatoprotective Effect of Quinic Acid Against Ethanol-Induced Liver Toxicity in Rats: Biochemical, Physiological, and Histological Insights
Authors: Muthukaruppiah Gurusamy , Saravanan Nadanam
Published: February 2025

Alcohol consumption is associated with several health issues, including Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD). Quinic acid, a cyclic polyol compound, is known for its antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective properties. This study aims to elucidate the protective mechanisms of quinic acid against ethanol-induced liver toxicity in rats. Male rats (n=32) were divided into four groups (n=8 per group) and treated over 60 days. Group 1 received a standard diet with isocaloric glucose; Group 2 was treated with 30% ethanol daily; Group 3 received 30% ethanol and quinic acid (50 mg/kg) from day 31; Group 4 was given glucose and quinic acid from day 31. Biochemical, physiological, and histological evaluations were performed post-treatment. Ethanol-treated rats exhibited significant decreases in body weight, abnormal liver morphology, increased liver enzyme levels (AST, ALT, ALP, and GGT), disrupted lipid and renal profiles, and altered phase I and II enzyme activities. Quinic acid supplementation in ethanol-treated rats significantly reversed these changes by improving body weight, restoring liver morphology, normalizing liver enzyme activities, and maintaining lipid-lipoprotein balance and enzyme levels. Histopathological analysis demonstrated reduced liver damage in quinic acid-treated groups. Quinic acid exhibits hepatoprotective effects against ethanol-induced toxicity by reducing oxidative stress, normalizing liver functions, and preserving liver structure. These findings highlight its potential as a therapeutic agent for managing ALD.
Mejora de la calidad de egreso de los estudiantes a través de los simuladores gratuitos
Authors: Lara Martínez Octavio Rolando , González Laguna Alicia , Valles López Imelda , Samayoa Penagos Daniel
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar cómo el uso de simuladores gratuitos puede mejorar la calidad de egreso de los estudiantes, enfocándose en el desarrollo de competencias prácticas y la comprensión de conceptos clave en diversas disciplinas. Se utilizó un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo, con un diseño experimental. Se aplicaron entrevistas a un grupo de estudiantes antes y después de utilizar los simuladores, con el fin de medir cambios en su desempeño académico y habilidades prácticas. Además, se realizaron entrevistas a docentes para obtener una perspectiva adicional sobre el impacto percibido de esta herramienta en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Los resultados mostraron una mejora significativa en las calificaciones y en la capacidad de los estudiantes para aplicar los conocimientos adquiridos en situaciones prácticas. Los estudiantes reportaron una mayor comprensión de los conceptos tratados y una mayor confianza para enfrentarse a problemas reales en su área de estudio. Los docentes también destacaron que el uso de simuladores promovió un aprendizaje más interactivo y autónomo. En conclusión, el uso de simuladores gratuitos es una herramienta efectiva para mejorar la calidad de egreso de los estudiantes, ya que facilita el desarrollo de habilidades prácticas y mejora su rendimiento académico. Esta investigación sugiere que la implementación de simuladores en los programas educativos puede ser una estrategia clave para preparar mejor a los estudiantes para el mercado laboral.
National Constitutional Identity
Authors: Gašperin Wischhoff Jakob
Published: February 2025

National constitutional identity articulates constitutional conflicts between national and supranational legal orders in the form of judicial resistance against the primacy of EU law. The book critically engages with national constitutional identity on the level of constitutional theory and through a detailed analysis of its practical use, as interpreted by the CJEU and apex courts across the Member States. Moreover, the book introduces a novel framework of ‘identity clusters’, which evaluates identity claims due to their justificatory reasons or rationales. Finally, the book draws a structural comparison between national constitutional identity claims and the concepts of civil disobedience and conscientious objection. Identity claims, like civil disobedience, highlight deficiencies in the legal system and resist the EU law until these deficiencies are not addressed. In connection with conscientious objection, identity claims underscore individual circumstances that cannot be reconciled within the broader legal framework.
Die Genese der Rechtskritik aus der tragischen Erfahrung
Authors: Tzanakis Papadakis Nicos
Published: February 2025

Is the law reducible to violence? Is it nothing but a mere instrument of power? If the answer is affirmative, the legal criticism becomes transcendent and dissolves into a general legal nihilism. In his critique of violence, Benjamin follows this path. This book demonstrates, however, that Benjamin's theory of ancient tragedy provides a different model of legal criticism. The author argues that, from the perspective of Benjamin's theory of tragedy, law appears as a paradox: It is both, power and its rupture; it transcends the direct relations of violence and at the same time secures them. It is the paradoxical nature of law that enables a true critique of law.
Eine rechtsethische Untersuchung des Kulturgüterschutzes in Deutschland
Authors: Fritsche Ruwen
Published: February 2025

The study deals with the question of whether and to what extent the German law on the protection of cultural property can be ethically justified. Specifically, it examines whether it is ethically justifiable for the state to prohibit the export of cultural property that it deems to be of national value. Drawing on various ethical theories – including those of Thomas Aquinas, Kant, Hegel and Rawls, as well as utilitarian approaches – it is shown that the protection of cultural property in Germany can, in principle, be ethically justified. At the same time, the author justifies access to culture as a central ethical requirement, which forms the basis for a critical evaluation of the existing protection of cultural property.
Subtile Einladung zur Deliberation
Authors: Mielke Bärbel
Published: February 2025

Emilie Flygare-Carlén (1807–1892), gefeierte Pionierin des schwedischen Sozialromans, war mit ihrem umfangreichen Werk auch in Europa und besonders in Deutschland sehr erfolgreich und wurde als versierte Erzählerin wertgeschätzt.

Der Überblick über 19 ihrer 24 Romane macht zudem sichtbar, dass sie ein Gesellschaftsportrait zeichnete, das vor allem die problematischen Bezüge ihrer Gesellschaft hervorhebt. In spannenden Alltagserzählungen spielte sie die philosophische Forderung Almqvists eines »arm sein könnens« wiederholt durch und stellte subtil die Frage, welche Überzeugungen und Haltungen für eine ethisch kluge Handlungsweise möglicherweise neu überdacht und losgelassen werden könnten. Hieran kann sich eine Gesellschaftskritik entfalten, die die unausgesprochene Forderung nach einer gesamtgesellschaftlichen Emanzipation erahnen lässt und zwar im Hinblick auf soziale Gerechtigkeit und Demokratie. Diese Fragestellungen verleihen allen ihren Texten eine unvergängliche Aktualität.

 

Biographische Informationen

Bärbel Mielke studierte Skandinavistik, Anglistik und Germanistik an der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg im Breisgau.

 

Reihe

Münchner Nordistische Studien - Band 44
Ober- und Unterkommandierende der römischen Republik 509–27 v. Chr.
Authors: Kreiler Bernd Michael
Published: February 2025

Unsere wichtigste Quelle für die Militärgeschichte der römischen Republik ist der augusteische Geschichtsschreiber T. Livius, von dessen Werk ‚ab urbe condita“ die Bücher XXI bis XLV für die Zeit des 2. Punischen Krieges (218–201 v. Chr.) bis zum Ende des 3. Makedonischen Krieges 167 v. Chr. erhalten sind. Nach Livius führten die Feldherren, die zuerst Italien und dann die Länder um das Mittelmeer unterwarfen, das Kommando im Amtsjahr im Kriegsrechtsbereich ‚militiae‘ als Konsuln oder als Prätoren mit prokonsularem Imperium. Dagegen sprechen die Inschriften aus dem 2. und 1. Jh. v. Chr. in Gallien, Spanien und Africa mit dem Imperatortitel sowie in Makedonien und Kleinasien bis zur Verwaltungsreform Sullas mit dem griechischen Pendant ‚strategos hypatos‘ und ‚strategos anthypatos‘. Überholt scheint deshalb die Konzeption des drei Bände umfassenden Standardwerks des Amerikaners T.R.S. Broughton „The Magistrates of the Roman Republic“ (1951/2 und 1986), der die Feldherren jahrweise unter „Magistrates“ (ab 509 v. Chr.) und „Promagistrates“ (ab 326 v. Chr.) rubrizierte. Broughton konnte sich auf die (pro)magistratischen Funktionsangaben von Livius, Appian und Cassius Dio stützen und außerdem auf die entsprechenden Titel ‚cos.‘, ‚pro cos.‘, ‚pr.‘ und ‚pro pr.‘ in den Kapitolinischen Triumphalfasten.

Es soll gezeigt werden, dass die zahlreichen Feldherren, die in den Inschriften und auf Münzen als ‚imperatores‘ belegt sind, ihren Titel nicht, wie Mommsen annahm, den in der antiken Literatur mehrfach beschriebenen militärischen Akklamationen im Feld nach einem Sieg verdankten, sondern dass sie vor ihrem Auszug ins Feld vom hochgestimmten römischen Volk auf dem Marsfeld in Form eines Staatsaktes zum Imperator ausgerufen wurden.

 

Reihe

Münchner Studien zur Alten Welt - Band 18
Politik der Wahrheit
Authors: Gallinat Sven
Published: February 2025

Michel Foucault's work is a political event. In his innovative re-reading of Foucault, the author reconstructs how the French philosopher, through his inquiry into the historical and ontological origins of the Western will to truth, rather unexpectedly became aware of the political significance of his critical project. After all, the discourse on truth and the resulting critical stance do not point to a natural pursuit of knowledge, but rather to the political and ethical problematization of a relationship to others shaped by cynicism. Through the subtle detour of a political history of truth, Foucault's studies thus offer a unique perspective on the phenomenon of the political.