bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Застосування методології імовірнісного аналізу безпеки для оцінки фізичної ядерної безпеки
Authors: Samsonenko A. , Pysmennyy Ye. , Drapey S. , Klevtsov S.
Published: December 2024

Імовірнісний аналіз безпеки тривалий час застосовується для кількісної оцінки безпеки АЕС у світі та в Україні, і його результати пройшли перевірку часом та експлуатацією АЕС. Саме тому, нами вперше запропоновано застосувати методики імовірнісного аналізу безпеки для аналізу фізичної ядерної безпеки. Це надасть можливість не тільки удосконалити фізичну ядерну безпеку об'єктів, які здійснюють поводження з ядерним матеріалом, а також всебічно оцінити безпеку АЕС. Проте виникне потреба врахування й додаткових загроз, як-от диверсія та саботаж – якщо цього не зробити, то ризики з боку фізичної ядерної безпеки будуть недооцінені. Розглянуто процес розроблення, застосування та підтримання актуальності національної оцінки загроз фізичній ядерній безпеці і її документації, проєктної загрози й альтернативні заяви про загрози. У проєктній загрозі чи альтернативних заявах про загрози описують можливих правопорушників, проти яких має бути забезпечений захист установок і діяльності, що використовують чи зберігають ядерні й інші радіоактивні матеріали, а також властивості й характеристики цих правопорушників.
Усі аспекти методології та процедур імовірнісного аналізу безпеки, які необхідно для цього доопрацювати, детально обговорюються. Проведено порівняльний аналіз методик, які використовуються в імовірнісному аналізі безпеки та для оцінки ризику для фізичної ядерної безпеки. Виявлено схожість між методикою, яка використовує імовірнісний аналіз безпеки, та методикою для оцінки ризику для фізичної ядерної безпеки, але потребують введення додаткових коефіцієнтів і припущень для застосування методик імовірнісного аналізу безпеки у фізичну ядерну безпеку. В результаті аналізу була встановлена можливість використання загального підходу методик імовірнісного аналізу безпеки на фізичну ядерну безпеку завдяки використанню практики з визначення вихідних подій аварій, виділивши за аналогією вихідні події загроз.
Comparative Life-Cycle Analyses Reveal Interacting Climatic and Biotic Drivers of Population Responses to Climate Change
Authors: Ickin Esin , Conquet Eva , Abrahms Briana , Albon Steve , Blumstein Daniel , Bond Monica , Boersma P , Clark-Wolf Tyler , Clutton-Brock Tim , Compagnoni Aldo , Dostálek Tomáš , Evers Sanne , Fichtel Claudia , Gamelon Marlène , García-Callejas David , Griesser Michael , Hansen Brage , Jenouvrier Stéphanie , Jerstad Kurt , Kappeler Peter , Layton-Matthews Kate , Lee Derek , Lloret Francisco , Loonen Maarten , Malchow Anne-Kathleen , Manser Marta , Morales-González Ana , Martin Julien , Münzbergová Zuzana , Nater Chloé , Pillay Neville , Quéroué Maud , Røstad Ole , Sánchez Mejía María , Schradin Carsten , Sæther Bernt-Erik , Ozgul Arpat , Paniw Maria
Published: December 2024

Responses of natural populations to climate change are driven by how multiple climatic and biotic factors affect survival and reproduction, and ultimately shape population dynamics. Yet, we lack a general understanding of the role of such mechanisms in moderating climate-change impacts across different species. Here, we synthesize how the joint effects of climate and biotic interactions on different vital rates impact population change, using 41 species from trees to primates. We show that the effects of multiple climatic drivers tend to exacerbate population responses to climate change in most species. Importantly however, density feedbacks consistently buffer the effects of climate drivers on populations. In all species considered in our analyses, such interactions among climate and density had starkly different effects depending on the age, size, or life-cycle stage of individuals, highlighting that climate-change impacts can hardly be inferred from single drivers or ages or life-cycle stages, regardless of the life-history of species. Our work thus advances our ability to make generalizations about key pathways of climate-change impacts on populations.
Dynamic parental roles revealed by fine-scale hunting behaviour with concurrent pair tracking in the wild
Authors: Becciu Paolo , Schalcher Kim , Milliet Estelle , Savage James , Romano Andrea , Almasi Bettina , Roulin Alexandre
Published: December 2024

Parental cooperation in offspring care is essential for offspring survival in species with extended biparental care. Yet, the mechanisms through which each parent’s foraging skills and performance shape both their own and their partner’s contributions to offspring rearing, particularly in natural conditions, remain poorly understood. Using high-resolution GPS and accelerometer data, we simultaneously tracked male and female barn owls (Tyto alba) during chick-rearing to investigate parental roles in unprecedented detail. Our results reveal a spectrum of parental contributions, ranging from uniparental male care to balanced biparental effort, with individual hunting efficiency and environmental conditions considerably influencing each parent’s provisioning behaviour. Notably, we found low repeatability of biparental cooperation (biparentality) within pairs across nights, indicating that investment is dynamically adjusted in response to the partner’s contribution and environmental factors. Females increased their foraging effort when male hunting performance declined, or resources were likely scarce. Higher biparentality across pairs was associated with enhanced growth outcomes for the youngest chicks, underscoring the fitness benefits of cooperative parental investment. Using cutting-edge high-resolution tracking technology, this study reveals previously inaccessible insights into the flexible, context-dependent dynamics of biparental care. We demonstrate how parental roles adjust to partner contribution and behaviour under natural conditions, showcasing the potential of biologging tools to deepen our understanding of the complex and often synergistic behavioural and ecological influences on parental care.
Misyār Marriage and Its Rules According to Contemporary Jurists
Authors: Fazluddin Modaqiq  , Abdul Subhan Sediqi
Published: December 2024

The term "Misyār marriage" refers to a type of marriage characterized by the husband often visiting the wife periodically, similar to visiting neighbors. The word "Misyār" is derived from "sīr," which means movement and passage. It is a colloquial term used to denote the situation in which a man marries in a city he passes through while traveling for trade or seeking knowledge, where the wife resides during his study or business. Misyār marriage fulfills all the pillars and conditions of a legitimate marriage, but with a significant difference: the wife waives some of her rights, such as the right to financial support, housing, and overnight accommodation, under the marriage contract. This type of marriage has become common today due to the illegitimacy of temporary marriage in Sunni communities. Misyār marriage is considered a form of marriage that emerged in the modern era and has spread in some Islamic countries among Sunnis, which is why it has been subject to criticism and study by scholars and jurists. There is a divergence of opinion among contemporary Sunni scholars regarding the ruling on Misyār marriage; some consider it permissible, while others regard it as forbidden, and some reject its ruling and call for its cessation. Some scholars view Misyār marriage as valid and legitimate, but there is variation in opinions regarding its conditions. Some believe that all the conditions of this marriage are valid, while others argue that the essence of Misyār marriage is correct, but they added conditions-such as the waiver of the rights to financial support and overnight accommodation-are invalid, and the wife should demand these rights. Furthermore, some scholars call for the husband to fulfill his responsibilities towards the wife and to manage marital affairs with the utmost seriousness to resolve life problems. Proponents of this view often express reservations about Misyār marriage, suggesting that its permissibility comes with a degree of disapproval. On the other hand, the majority of earlier scholars and many later scholars have ruled it as forbidden, reflecting a clear variation in jurisprudential Ijtihad regarding this issue.
The Moderating Role of the Lever of Control (LoC) in the Impact of Culture, Strategy, and Environmental Uncertainty on Firm Performance
Authors: Lativa Lativa , Arsjah Regina Jansen
Published: December 2024

This study examines the impact of corporate culture, strategic orientation, and environmental uncertainty on firm performance, focusing on the moderating role of the Lever of Controls (LoC). Primary data were collected through a survey involving 203 respondents from both listed and unlisted companies in Indonesia on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Firm performance was measured using customer satisfaction, revenue, profit growth, return on investment, and market share. The findings reveal that corporate culture and strategic orientation significantly enhance firm performance. However, environmental uncertainty was found to have no direct impact on business performance. Furthermore, the moderating role of the LoC was not validated, suggesting that the relationship between management control systems and performance is complex and requires further investigation, particularly in uncertain environments. This research provides valuable insights for practitioners, emphasizing that firm performance is strongly influenced by corporate culture, strategic orientation, and effective management of environmental uncertainty.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Market Women towards Papanicolaou Smear Screening in Abakaliki Metropolis
Authors:   Emergency Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Nigeria, Innocent Oke Obinna , Akpan Uduak ,   Public Health, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria, Cyprian Ogodo Chika ,   Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ife, Nigeria, Peter Opoke Chukwuma ,   Medical Director, AMURT Nigeria, N. Ajah Ogbonnaya ,   Glangwili Hospital, Wales, UK
Published: December 2024

Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide and the most common cancer among
women in developing countries including Nigeria. The estimated incidence in Nigeria is twenty-five out of a hundred thousand
women. In most developing countries, poor public health awareness has contributed to the late diagnosis of the disease and poor
clinical outcomes.
Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of market women towards Papanicolaou smear screening in Abakaliki
metropolis.
Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study
Result: The result showed that 42.48% of the 306 market women have heard about cervical cancer, and 46.85% of them (143
women) knew of cervical cancer screening. There was a fairly positive attitude towards pap smear screening as 69.28% of the
306 women said they would do the screening if made available. However, the practice was poor as only 4.93% (15 out of the 304
women) had done Pap smear screening for cervical cancer, all of whom were women with tertiary level of education. This study
establishes that the Attitude was good as 69.28% agreed they would do the test. While the level of Knowledge of cervical cancer
screening was poor (46.85%), the Practice was much poorer as only 4.93% of the respondents ever had cervical cancer screening.
Conclusion: There is good knowledge but poor attitude and practice of market women towards Papanicolaou Smear Screening
in Abakaliki Metropolis. Public Health awareness and education must be encouraged and sustained to increase the utilisation of
pap smear screening services at all levels of healthcare to enhance the prevention and/or diagnosis of cervical cancer especially
among market women in Abakaliki Metropolis.
Grčki keramički utezi za tkalački stan iz Fara na otoku
Hvaru
Authors: Korić Martina
Published: December 2024

Tekstil se rijetko sačuva u arheološkim kontekstima te se češće koriste indirektni dokazi kako bi se utvrdile relevantne informacije o raširenosti i opsegu proizvodnje, ali i društvenim, gospodarskim i drugim kulturnim implikacijama koje se mogu iščitati iz predmeta korištenih za izradu tekstila. Jedni od najbrojnijih pokazatelja proizvodnje različitih vrsta tekstila su keramički utezi za vertikalni tkalački stan. Ovom prilikom, predstavit će se ukupno 48 grčkih utega prikupljenih prilikom zaštitnih istraživanja 1989. godine na poziciji Vukovarska 2 u Starome Gradu na otoku Hvaru. Utezi su otkriveni unutar grčke strukture, te se na temelju ostalih pronađenih pokretnih nalaza mogu datirati u kraj 4., odnosno početak 3. st. pr. Kr. Zastupljeni su piramidalni, konični, trapezoidni i diskoidni oblici, a posebno se ističe veliki postotak oznaka na njima u vidu otisaka gema i ureza simbola ili slova. Keramički utezi iz Vukovarske 2 pružaju vrijedne informacije o tkalačkom zanatu, kao i mogućnost sagledavanja njegovih najranijih faza razvoja u kontekstu grčkog grada Fara.
Comparison among Ordinary Least Squares, Ridge, Lasso, and Elastic Net Estimators in the Presence of Outliers: Simulation and Application
Authors: Nayem H M , Aziz Sinha , Kibria B M Golam
Published: December 2024

In linear regression models, multicollinearity often results in unstable and unreliable parameter estimates. Ridge regression, a biased estimation technique, is commonly used to mitigate this issue and produce more reliable estimates of regression coefficients. Several estimators have been developed to select the optimal ridge parameter. This study focuses on the top 16 estimators from the 366 evaluated by Mermi et al. (2024), along with seven additional estimators introduced over time. These 23 estimators were compared to Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Elastic-Net (EN), Lasso, and generalized ridge (GR) regression, to evaluate their performance across different levels of multicollinearity in multiple regression settings. Simulated data, both with and without outliers, and various parametric conditions were used for the comparisons. The results indicated that certain ridge regression estimators perform reliably with small sample sizes and high correlations (around 0.95) in the absence of outliers. However, when outliers were present, some estimators performed better due to small sample sizes and increased variance. Furthermore, GR, EN, and Lasso exhibited robustness with large datasets, except in cases with substantial outliers and high variance.
IJSS, Vol. 24(2) (Special Issue), December, 2024, pp 25-48
Effect of Misspecification on a Multi Treatment Two Stage Adaptive Design for Survival Outcomes
Authors: Das Soumyadeep , Bhattacharya Rahul
Published: December 2024

Multi-treatment two stage adaptive design for survival responses is generally developed under different assumptions. In this work, we explore the performance of such a design when the assumptions are violated. As a choice of design, we consider a specific design of Bhattacharya and Shome (2019), which uses random censoring, exponential response, Koziol-Green model (Koziol and Green, 1976), etc. Several ethical and inferential criteria of the design are studied under model misspecification for different parameter configurations as well as for a data arising from a real clinical trial.
IJSS, Vol. 24(2) Special, December, 2024, pp 67-79
Study on Stunting, Underweight and Wasting among Under-Five Children in India: Changes with Respect to Age
Authors: Bharati Susmita , Pal Manoranjan , Hossain Md Golam , Bharati Premananda
Published: December 2024

Nutrition is a basic need of human life and a prerequisite for a healthy life, good health of children is very important for future development of the country. This paper examines the nutritional status of under-five children in India. A total number of 168942 under-five children in India have been considered in the sample for the study. The data has been taken from the fifth national family health survey of 2019-21, India.  Children who fall below –2SD from the median of the respective Z-scores of ‘weight for age’ (WAZ), ‘height for age’ (HAZ) and ‘weight for height’ (WHZ) are considered as underweight, stunted and wasted respectively. Prevalence of underweight, stunted and wasted children are 29.2%, 35.4% and 18.7% respectively and boys were more prevalent than girls. Also, child undernutrition tends to decrease with the mother's level of education, the mother's health status, and the wealth index of the family. Child’s health is also directly related with oropharyngeal administration of colostrum to baby. The results show that the mean values of height and weight steadily increase all along the ages up to 59 months. Growth patterns and the prevalence of undernutrition are almost the same among girls and boys. The prevalence of undernutrition (WAZ and HAZ) increases up to the child’s age group of 12-23 months, and then decreases slightly thereafter or remains more or less same, but for WHZ it decreases throughout. It is seen from our study that in both the sexes of under-five children, underweight is directly and wasting is indirectly related with the ages, but no clear association is seen in stunting.  The study also points out the necessity of improving mothers' education, awareness of health, in addition to the economic condition of the families, to overcome the undernutrition of under-five children. 
IJSS, Vol. 24(2)s (Special Issue), December, 2024, pp 137-148
Penerapan Metode Demonstrasi Untuk Pengembangan Kemampuan Konsentrasi Belajar Anak Usia Dini Di TK Cermat
Authors: Erna Awanda , Ilyas Sitti Nurhidayah , Bafadal Usman
Published: December 2024

Kemampuan konsentrasi merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam tumbuh kembang anak yang dapat memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap pembelajaran dan pencapaian prestasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya-upaya yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan belajar pada anak usia dini di TK Cermat, Kabupaten Bantul, Yogyakarta. Salah satu kegiatan yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar anak adalah penggunaan metode demonstrasi melalui media origami. Teknik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Penelitian dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali, yaitu observasi, wawancara serta program intervensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan demonstrasi dengan menggunakan media origami dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar anak usia dini di TK Cermat. Ditemukan peningkatan dalam kemampuan anak untuk mempertahankan fokus perhatian, mengikuti petunjuk, dan menyelesaikan tugas-tugas dengan lebih efisien.
Membangun Pendidikan Karakter Pada Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Menggunakan Buku Cerita Bergambar Dengan Tema Qashas
Authors: Nurkhalisa Nurkhalisa , Ilyas Nur Islamiyah , Ilyas Sitti Nurhidayah , Usman Usman , Musi Muhammad Akil
Published: December 2024

Guru merupakan fasilitator dalam kegiatan pembelajaran bagi siswanya di sekolah. Peran guru juga tidak dapat dipisahkan dalam menanamkan pendidikan karakter pada anak di sekolah. Anak usia dini berada pada tahap golden age yaitu anak mengalami perkembangan pengetahuan, fisik dan mental, siap menerima segala rangsangan dari lingkungannya. Pelatihan karakter pada anak merupakan upaya menanamkan nilai-nilai kebaikan sejak dini. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penanaman pendidikan karakter pada anak usia dini dengan menggunakan buku cerita bergambar qashas. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan wawancara. Penelitian ini bertempat di RA Al-Amin DDI Cambalagi, dengan subjek penelitian kepala RA dan guru. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan penanaman pendidikan karakter pada anak usia dini melalui buku cerita bergambar qashas dengan cara membacakan buku cerita yang berisi kisah-kisah keteladanan Nabi dan para sahabat yang terjadi pada masa lampau. Kemudian menghubungkan nilai-nilai karakter baik dari tokoh-tokoh teladan dalam cerita dengan kehidupan sehari-hari anak yang dapat membantu dalam menumbuhkan karakter pribadi anak melalui tokoh-tokoh Islami dalam cerita tersebut. Nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter yang diajarkan kepada anak meliputi agama, toleransi, kejujuran, kerja keras, cinta damai, disiplin dan tanggung jawab.
Implementasi Media Kartu Bergambar Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Pada Anak Usia Dini 5-6 Tahun Di PAUD SPS Bougenvil Desa Mekarsari Kecamatan Ciracap Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: Nurajijah Nurajijah , Munajat Asep , Hurri Ibnu
Published: December 2024

Kemampuan membaca permulaan merupakan bagian penting dari perkembangan anak usia dini. Di jenjang pendidikan usia dini, guru mengajarkan kemampuan membaca permulaan. Dalam rangka meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan anak usia dini banyak media yang dapat digunakan salah satunya media kartu bergambar. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka pada penelitian ini akan diteliti mengenai penerapan media kartu bergambar untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca permulaan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain penelitian studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan observasi, wawancara, studi dokumentasi, dan partisipan. Analisis data menggunakan Miles dan Huberman. Hasil dari penggunaan media kartu bergambar untuk meningkatkan kemampuan anak dalam membaca permulaan menunjukkan hasil yang baik. Di mana berdasarkan hasil observasi maupun  wawancara menunjukkan dari 22 orang anak di PAUD SPS Bougenvil sebagian besar anak sudah dapat membaca permulaan. 17 anak setara dengan 77,27% sudah mahir membaca dan sisanya sebanyak 5 anak setara dengan 22,73% belum mahir membaca permulaan.
Meningkatkan Kemampuan	Kognitif Anak Melalui Media Pembelajaran Sorting Book
Authors: Wulansari Ayu , Lestari Syamsidar , Idris Nur Rachmi , Ilyas Sitti Nurhidayah , Bafadal Usman , Rusmayadi Rusmayadi
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi yang berharga dalam pemahaman terhadap pengaruh dan media pembelajaran sorting untuk anak kelompok B di TK Islam Athirah 1. Dengan fokus pada pembuatan media pembelajaran yang bertujuan untuk memfasilitasi proses klasifikasi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kemampuan klasifikasi anak serta minat mereka terhadap media tersebut. Salah satu yang menarik dari penelitian adalah tingginya antusiasme anak terhadap penggunaan sorting book, yang tercermin dari kegiatan bermain yang dilakukan di luar jadwal penelitian. Untuk melihat media pembelajaran ini tidak hanya efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan klasifikasi anak, tetapi juga mampu membangkitkan minat dan motivasi belajar mereka. Namun, seperti yang diidentifikasi, ada kekurangan dalam media ini terkait dengan ukuran box media pendukung yang kecil, yang mengakibatkan kesulitan bagi anak dalam mengambil media tersebut. Oleh karena itu, perbaikan pada aspek ini dapat menjadi saran pada pengembangan lebih lanjut dari media pembelajaran ini. Untuk keseluruhan, penelitian ini memberikan wawasan yang berharga tentang peran media pembelajaran dalam meningkatkan kemampuan kognitif anak, serta memberikan rekomendasi untuk penyempurnaan lebih lanjut agar media ini dapat lebih efektif digunakan dalam konteks pembelajaran di TK Islam Athirah 1.
Peran Permainan Cenge-Cenge Bagi Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Sahidun Nurfitri , Puspitasari Putri Ratih
Published: December 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peran permainan cenge-cenge bagi perkembangan anak usia dini. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan fokus pada studi literatur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kajian literatur. Data diolah dari sumber yang dianggap relevan yaitu melalui buku, artikel penelitian, dan berbagai karya ilmiah yang telah dipublikasikan sehingga sumbernya dapat dipercaya. Peneliti sebagai pengamat mengumpulkan sumber data yang berkaitan dengan variabel penelitian. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian tinjauan pustaka adalah reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data. Berdasarkan kajian pustaka yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh hasil bahwa peranan permainan cenge-cenge bagi perkembangan anak usia dini adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Meningkatkan kemampuan motorik kasar anak, (2) meningkatkan perkembangan kognitif anak, (3) mengembangkan perkembangan sosial-emosional, (4) meningkatkan kreativitas anak dan (5) mengembangkan kecerdasan visual spasial anak.
Evolutionary Profile of Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease at Brazzaville University Hospital in 2023: A Case Series of 26 Patients
Authors: RS Ngami , PC Mikolélé Ahoui Apendi , JF Mimiesse Monamou , A Mongo-Onkouo , NA ItouaNgaporo , PM Motoula Latou , M Ngalessami Mouakosso , Sandra Adoua Céline , Gilga Ibobi Mauria , Gassaye Deby , B Atipo Ibara
Published: December 2024

Chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rarely described in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolutionary profile of a series of 26 cases of IBD at the Brazzaville university hospital in 2023.
Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted in the Gastroenterology department of Brazzaville university hospital over a 13-year period. IBD was diagnosed on the basis of clinical (chronic diarrhoea, rectal discharge), morphological (intestinal parietal thickening), endoscopic (acute or chronic lesions) and histological criteria. Severe forms were defined by the fact of having a pancolitis and ano-perineal lesions. The Wilcoxon test was used to compare variables at a threshold of 0.05.
Results: A total of 26 patients were included, representing 0.2% of hospitalizations. The sex ratio was 1.9. The median age was 37 (IQR 24-51), and nine patients were under 30. IBD included Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and indeterminate forms in 10, 8 and 8 cases respectively. The median duration of symptoms before diagnosis was 2.2 years (IQR 0.1-6). Twelve patients had a severe form, including two cases of severe acute colitis. Undernutrition was observed in 16 patients, including 13 cases of severe undernutrition. By 2023, 17 out of 26 patients had been lost to follow-up, 5 had died and 4 were regularly monitored. The median time to death was 3.3 months (IQR 1.4-3.8). The presence of ano-perineal lesions (p=0.0143) and disease severity (p=0.019) were factors associated with death.
Conclusion: Keeping IBD patients in the care circuit is a multidisciplinary challenge to reduce the proportion of patients lost to follow-up, and improving their management.
Black Esophagus: About A Case with Review of the Literature
Authors: FALL Alioune Badara , NIASS Abdou , KOUKOUI Evelyne Sourou Aminata , NGOM Birane , GAYE Ahmadou , NDIAYE Abdoulaye
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Black esophagus or acute esophageal necrosis is a disease of poorly understood etiology. Our goal is to carry out a literature review on this condition by reporting a case treated in our structure.

Observation: A 69-year-old female patient, hypertensive, who underwent concomitant radiochemotherapy followed by abdominoperineal amputation for lower rectum adenocarcinoma with sphincter involvement, suddenly presented on the 15th postoperative day with moderate abundance hematemesis. Upper gastrointestinal endoscoy revealed extensive necrosis of the middle and lower thirds of the esophagus without gastric or duodenal involvement. There was no caustic ingestion or esophagogastric reflux. The cervical-thoracic-abdominal CT scan showed no transmural necrosis. She was fasted for 7 days and received parenteral nutrition, double dose proton pump inhibitor and blood transfusion. The evolution was favorable with almost total disappearance of the necrosis on upper GI endoscopy control one week later.

Conclusion: Black esophagus or acute esophageal necrosis is a rare condition, most often discovered in postoperative context. Proton pump inhibitors and gut rest remain effective means in their management.
Epidemiological, Clinical Aspects, Risk Factors and Paraclinques and Therapeutics of Chronic Viral Hepatitis C at the Donka National Hospital Chu Conakry
Authors: Sarifou Diallo Mamadou , Oumarou Youssouf , Amadou Wann Thierno , Emmanuella PareStella Line , Tidiane Diallo Ahmed , Kadiatou Diallo , Djenabou Diallo , LamineYaya Bah Mamadou , Mamadou Diakhaby , Aliou Kanté Mamadou , Djibril Sylla , Dramane Soro , N'Djouria Diallo Abdourahmane
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Viral hepatitis C is a real public health problem worldwide due to its complications, notably cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Patients and Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study including all patients followed in our outpatient department in the period from January 1, 2022 to March 30, 2024, i.e. 27 months. This work aimed to study the epidemiological, clinical and paraclinical aspects of patients carrying HCV and followed in our department.

Results: Of the 2242 patients followed, 83 patients had positive anti-HCV antibodies, i.e. a prevalence of 3.70%; 46 were men (55.7%) and 37 women (44.3%), for a sex ratio of 1.25. The average age was 46 years with a range of 22 to 80 years. The main risk factors were: dental care 43.37%, surgery 24.09%, blood transfusion and/or its derivatives 12.04%, circumcision and/or excision 100%. The main circumstances of discovery of viral hepatitis C were: physical asthenia (43.37%), cytolysis and jaundice in 36.14%, during voluntary screening in 14.46% and donation of blood in 6.02% of cases; 56% of our patients had a viral load (HCV RNA) less than 50,000 IU/ml and 44% had a viremia greater than 50,000 IU/ml. Abdominal ultrasound was normal in 80% of cases, hepatic steatosis in 10% of cases. The assessment of fibrosis by Fibroscan showed absence of fibrosis or minimal fibrosis (F0F1) in 36.14% (n=30), moderate fibrosis (F2) in 30.12% (n=25); severe fibrosis (F3) in 21.69% (n=18) and cirrhosis (F4) in 12.05% (n=10).

Conclusion: The prevalence of HCV infection is very high in this study, the treatment borne by patients in our poor countries remains too expensive, only prevention remains an option. Therapeutically, all our patients (100%) were placed on SOFOSBUVIR 400mg and VELPATASVIR 100mg (SOFOVELPA). Ribavirin added in four of our cirrhotic patients. Sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved in 80 of our patients. HCV RNA was undetectable in all 77 patients after twelve weeks of treatment with SOFOVELPA, undetectable in 3 patients after 24 weeks of treatment with SOFOVELPA + RIBAVIRIN. The three HCC patients died during treatment in the third month; fourth month and eighth month. SVR was 100% in patients who completed their treatment.
Acute Hepatitis with the Tramadol-Paracetamol Combination; About an Observation at The Regional University Hospital Center of Ouahigouya in Burkina Faso and Review of the Literature
Authors: SL Zoungrana , ZD Ouattara , A Tapsoba , J Kontiébo , AR Sombié , A Sawadogo
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Idiosyncratic drug hepatotoxicity called drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major problem in modern hepatology. However, it remains underdiagnosed and relatively rare. We report a case of acute hepatitis due to tramadol associated with paracetamol in a hospital setting in Ouahigouya (Burkina Faso).

Case History: a 20-year-old male gardener presented, following hospitalization in July 2023, with clinical cholestasis syndrome after taking tramadol and paracetamol as an adjuvant to anti-malaria treatment. No pathological history was found. There was no notion of alcohol consumption or taking hepatotoxic medication before hospitalization. The clinical examination revealed flamboyant jaundice, the biology revealed syndromes of cholestasis, cytolysis and hepatocellular insufficiency. The markers of viral hepatitis A B, and C as well as those of autoimmunity were negative. The hepatobiliary and other abdominal organs ultrasound was normal. Therapeutically, we stopped tramadol and paracetamol. The evolution was favorable after 15 days with first a normalization of clinical parameters and a clear improvement in biological parameters, then their normalization 1 month after hospitalization.

Conclusion: We report a documented observation of “mixed” acute hepatitis (cytolytic and cholestatic) in connection with the concomitant use of tramadol and paracetamol, with a favorable outcome in the absence of re-exposure to the drug after 45 days.
Descriptive Study of Gastroduodenal Lesions in the Internal Medicine Department of Point G University Hospital
Authors: Djenebou Traoré , Moussa Sangaré , Zakaria Keita , Djibril Sy , Trévis Boa Ange , Adama Sinayoko , Souleyname Goita Issa , Nouhoum Koné , Romuald Nyanke Nounga , Sekou Landouré , Kaly Keita , Mamadou Mallé , Mamadou Cissoko , Ibrahim A Dembélé , Sékou Fané , Aoua Diarra , Yacouba Koné
Published: December 2024

Introduction: The practice of biopsies during digestive endoscopy is a multi-daily procedure in gastroenterology and gives this endoscopic examination a dual objective, first macroscopic by the description of the lesions and their architecture and then by taking samples for analysis histopathological. The study aimed to determine macroscopic and histological lesions in gastric and duodenal biopsies.

Methodology: This was a cross-sectional and analytical study over 12 months from June 15, 2021, to June 15, 2022, in patients who had undergone esophagus -gastro-duodenal fibroscopy (FOGD) with biopsy.

Result: The study included 165/378 patients who underwent an anatomopathological examination with a search for H. pylori after gastric biopsy, a frequency of 43.65%. Of these, 133/165 or 80.61% had H pylori in their samples. The sex ratio was 0.87. The mean age was 47.5 years ± 14.81 years. Among the clinical information that motivated the performance of the FOGD, epigastralgia predominated with 80.0%. The endoscopic lesion topography was gastric in 90.3%. The type of lesion was erythematous and erosive gastritis in 43.03%. The histological appearance of the lesion was chronic gastritis in 86.66% followed by gastric tumor in 11.5%. Among these gastric tumors, 77.78% were adenocarcinomas. The more H pylori was present, the more patients had a risk of having chronic gastritis (p = 0.005 with a RR = 12.33) CI [5.16-29.46].

Conclusion: It appears from our study that H. pylori infection was associated with all gastroduodenal pathologies with a higher frequency in benign ulcers at 92.9% and in chronic gastritis at 89.51% which was the most encountered histological aspect; Gastric adenocarcinoma, which constitutes a public health problem in Mali was also strongly associated with H. pylori at 80.0%.
The Danger of Foot and Mouth Disease in Livestock – A Review
Authors: KHAIRULLAH ASWIN RAFIF , KURNIAWAN SHENDY CANADYA , EFFENDI MUSTOFA HELMI , SILAEN OTTO SAHAT MARTUA , MOSES5 IKECHUKWU BENJAMIN , HASIB ABDULLAH , RAMANDINIANTO SANCAKA CHASYER , AFNANI DANIAH ASHRI , WIDODO AGUS , RIWU KATTY HENDRIANA PRISCILIA , AZ ZAHRA REICHAN LISA , YANESTRIA SHEILA MARTY
Published: December 2024

The FMD virus, also known as FMDV, is a member of the Picornaviridae family of the genus Aphthovirus. There are seven immunologically distinct FMD virus serotypes, known as Asia-1, A, C, O, South-African Territories (SAT) -1, -2, and -3. The disease's clinical symptoms include the development of vesicles on the lips, tongue, palate, tooth pads, nose, coronary band, gums, and interdigital spaces. There are many viral, host, and environmental factors that affect the epidemiology of FMD, including variations in viral virulence, particle stability in diverse microenvironments, and possible long-term survival. FMD can spread in a variety of ways, including through human contact with contaminated milk tankers or animal transport vehicles, the use of contaminated animal goods, equipment, or vehicles, or by the transmission of windborne viruses. Foot and mouth illness is not considered to be a serious public health hazard because the infection seems to be rare and the effects are self-limiting. Since the cost of disease control is added to the direct economic losses brought on by animal deaths, decreased milk production, and slowed animal growth rates, FMD epidemics indirectly harm the economy. Some of the techniques used to control FMD epidemics include mobility restrictions, quarantines, the death of infected and exposed animals, and cleaning and disinfecting impacted buildings, equipment, and vehicles.
Red Seaweed Carrageenan: A Comprehensive Review of Preparation in Cosmetics - An In Depth Analysis
Authors: MINGU NAZIRAH , ABDUL MAIL NUR HASLINDA , MAMAT HASMADI , SIDDIQUEE MD SHAFIQUZZAMAN , ABD MAJID MOHD HAFIZ , SARJADI MOHD SANI
Published: December 2024

Carrageenan, an extract from red seaweed (Rhodophyta), has many uses in cosmetics, and this literature review delves into them all. Due to its superior gelling, thickening, and stabilizing properties, carrageenan, a polysaccharide with a wide range of chemical structures, has been utilized in various industries throughout history. In recent years, the cosmetics industry has shown growing interest in harnessing the potential of carrageenan, driven by the increasing demand for natural and sustainable ingredients. This review provides a comprehensive examination of the botanical background, types of carrageenan, and the most effective extraction methods for obtaining the key bioactive compounds that enhance its functionality in cosmetic formulations. The functional properties of carrageenan in cosmetics are discussed in depth, including its gelling and thickening capabilities, moisturizing effects, and stability enhancement. Additionally, its biological activities, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, contribute to its appeal as a valuable ingredient in skincare products. Formulation considerations, including compatibility with a wide range of cosmetic ingredients and optimal concentrations, are explored to facilitate the development of effective products. The review also addresses the incorporation of carrageenan into cosmetic formulations, along with safety and regulatory aspects, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the product's conformity with industry standards. In conclusion, the review provides an overview of current challenges, potential future research directions, and case studies showcasing the incorporation of carrageenan into cosmetic products. This review aims to serve as a valuable resource for researchers, formulators, and industry professionals interested in the innovative use of carrageenan in the evolving landscape of cosmetic science by synthesizing existing knowledge and identifying gaps in the current scientific literature.
Growth Performance, Digestive Enzymes Activities and Gut Microbiota of Malaysian Mahseer, Tor tambroides Fingerlings Affected by Various Probiotics Concentrations
Authors: CHUA SING YING , MUNIR MOHAMMAD BODRUL , LANANAN FATHURRAHMAN , ASDARI ROSLIANAH
Published: December 2024

The most valued freshwater fish in Malaysia is the Malaysian mahseer, Tor tambroides, also known as Empurau. Due to the extended growing period, innovative feeding management is required to maintain fish health. This study looked at the effect of Lacto-sacc, a feed additive and antibiotic replacement made up of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Enterococcus faecium, on T. tambroides fingerlings’ growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and gut microbiota. A total of 600 fingerlings, each weighing 6.53 g ± 0.17 g, were allocated into twelve 650 L tanks, with 50 fingerlings per tank. Over a period of 20 weeks, the fish were fed four different diets: 0% Lacto-sacc as control (A), 0.5% Lacto-sacc (B), 1.0% Lacto-sacc (C), and 1.25% Lacto-sacc (D), with each diet replicated in three tanks. Although statistic revealed no significant differences in growth performance among treatment group (p>0.05), but it is noteworthy that fingerlings of T. tambroides were fed a diet containing 0.5% Lacto-sacc exhibited a trend toward improved growth performance with value higher SGR, along with elevated lipase and protease activities than other groups. Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes were the top four phyla in the gut microbiota of T. tambroides, accounting for more than 95%, with Fusobacteria dominating at around 70% of the gut microbiota. Cetobacterium, ZOR0006, Brevinema, and Aeromonas were the most common genera detected. T. tambroides fed a 0.5% Lacto-sacc (B) diet had lower Fusobacteria abundance while increasing other dominating bacteria compared to other treatments. Although there is no significant difference in gut microbiota, the gut microbiota of T. tambroides fed probiotics was more consistently disturbed and diversified, indicating less species dominance. The addition of Lacto-sacc, particularly at a concentration of 0.5%, appeared to enhance growth performance and increase the activity of digestive enzymes compared to the diet without Lacto-sacc, although the results were not statistically significant.
IMPLEMENTATION OF QUIZZIZ AS AN ENGLISH LANGUAGE LEARNING ASSESSMENT TOOL
Authors: Hanani Muhammad Dzakir Aslam , Sari Raras Hafidha , Ambarwati Suci
Published: December 2024

This study explores the implementation of Quizizz as an assessment tool for English language learning. The study highlights Quizizz's potential to enhance student engagement and motivation through its interactive, game-based format. Employing a mixed-method approach, this research involved planning and execution stages to observe the impact of Quizizz on students' understanding of "Obligation and Necessity." Findings indicate that Quizizz not only increases student participation but also provides immediate feedback, aiding both students and teachers in assessing comprehension and areas for improvement. Challenges, such as limited digital access and technical literacy, were addressed through supportive interventions. This research supports Quizizz as an effective, engaging assessment medium, offering recommendations for future improvements in digital learning assessments. Keywords: digital learning; English assessment; interactive quiz; Quizizz; student engagement.
POLITENESS STRATEGIES USED BY SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN LEARNING ENGLISH IN CENTRAL LAMPUNG
Authors: Novriyani
Published: December 2024

Students interaction used politeness strategy helping learners develop the ability to communicate appropriately in different situations research was aimed to analyze the politeness strategies used by the students of senior high school. Politeness is an essential element of communication and is used to assure the quality of a relationship through language. Politeness in English classes is paramount to study because the sense of decency is indispensable. In another condition, virtual communication to some extent is challenging since it requires some rules to run proper interactions between lecturers and students. This involved descriptive qualitative research in which the research participants were forty participants. The data were spoken utterances of students performance. The data of politeness were analyzed based on (Brown & Levinson, 1987a). To achieve the purpose of study, the researcher used observation. The observation was done to observed and recorded of teaching and learning process. The research findings showed that Indonesian EFL learners tended to express annoyance when they made complaints. As for politeness, they mostly used bald on record and positive politeness. Social distance (D), rather than relative power (P), tended to influence the strategies of complaint and politeness
CORPUS-BASED ANALYSIS OF FIRST-PERSON PRONOUN IN NIKI’S SONG
Authors: Mukminin Muhamad Saiful , Fitri Fajriani , Atikoh Iklilah , Yaman Nurinsani
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the use of first-person pronouns in NIKI's song lyrics, focusing on their frequency, pattern, and context of usage. The research employs a descriptive qualitative-quantitative approach, combining corpus analysis with contextual interpretation. The data consists of song lyrics from NIKI's albums and popular tracks, formatted into a compatible text file (.txt) for analysis using AntConc software version 4.3.1. Data collection involved gathering lyrics from reliable sources, cleaning the data, and preparing it for analysis. The analysis process included identifying the frequency of first-person pronouns, observing distribution patterns through the concordance feature, and interpreting the context and meanings of pronoun usage. The findings reveal a dominance of the pronoun "I" (589 occurrences) over "We" (138 occurrences), indicating a focus on individual experiences and emotions in NIKI's lyrics. The study identifies various patterns, including "I + to be," which reflects deep emotional states, self-reflection, and regret; "I + modal," which conveys feelings and desires; and "I + verb," which directly expresses actions and emotions. Additionally, the "We" patterns, such as "We + To Be" and "We + Modal," illustrate collective experiences, possibilities, and relationship dynamics. The results highlight the contrasting roles of individual and collective perspectives in NIKI’s songwriting, enriching the emotional depth of her lyrics.
No neutrality here: mobilising reflexivity in sustainability transitions research
Authors: Ampe Kasper , Goeminne Gert , Hendriks Abe , Block Thomas
Published: December 2024

This chapter argues that reflexivity - an introspective process in which researchers turn their engagement into an object of research - is essential to sustainability transitions research (STR). Reflexivity in STR encompasses not only the non-neutrality of its normative categories, such as ‘sustainability’ and ‘radical’, but also its descriptive categories, including ‘regime’ and ‘system’. This inherent social embeddedness, or ‘engagedness’, positions transition researchers with both an inescapable responsibility and a unique opportunity to shape their engagement reflexively. Reflexivity, which is relevant at every stage of STR, is illustrated in terms of research orientation, role and positionality. It highlights that much of reflexivity lies in the question of how - and with what kind of awareness - you are personally doing what you are doing. As a transition researcher, you are in a comparatively powerful societal position. Your choices matter and make a difference in the world.
Quick Ratio and Debt-to-Equity Ratio Impact on Value: Food and Beverage Companies in IDX (2018-2022)
Authors: Nugroho D. C. , Nugroho D. H.
Published: December 2024

In the current global environment, business competition is increasingly rapid, requiring organizations to be well equipped to compete domestically and internationally. One effective strategy to gain a competitive advantage is to strategically manage company assets to maximize their value, which can be achieved through careful financial performance assessment. There is a direct correlation between a company's financial ratios and its stock market price, where stronger financial performance leads to higher stock prices as an indication of the company's value. The aim of this research is to examine the effect of the quick ratio and debt to equity ratio on equity. The research sample consisted of nineteen food and beverage subsector manufacturing companies listed on the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (www.idx.co.id). The final sample consists of 95 company years, obtained by multiplying the number of companies by the duration of the study, which covers five years. This research uses multiple linear regression analysis as the analysis technique. The research results show that DER has no impact on PBV, but QR has an effect on PBV even though it has a negative impact.