bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REFRACTORY PRIMARY NOCTURNAL ENURESIS AND URODYNAMIC STUDIES, IS IT MANDATORY?
Authors: Bajalan Diar
Published: March 2022

Background 
Enuresis is another meaning of intermittent nocturnal incontinence. It is a frequent symptom in children, with a prevalence of 5-10% at seven years of age, and is considered among the most prevalent conditions in childhood.
Objectives 
To detect any Urodynamic study findings in patients presented with refractory primary nocturnal enuresis.
Patients and Methods
A prospective study was done for fifty patients who presented with pure Primary bedwetting (Monosymptomatic), {26 males and 24 females}, their age ranges from (5 to 24 years), who attended the Urodynamic section in the Urology Department, for the period: November 2010 till December 2014 after taking Medico-legal consent from all of them and performing a complete assessment for the patients.
Results
Regarding Urodynamic Study, nine patients (18%) had typical study, 24 patients (48%) had Detrusor Over-Activity, eight patients (16%) had Detrusor Under-Activity, two patients (4%) had DSD (Detrusor-Sphincter Dys-synergia), three patients (6%) had Detrusor Spasticity and one patient had Sphincteric deficiency. Regarding combined findings: one patient had Detrusor Under-Activity with DSD, one patient had Detrusor Over-Activity with Spasticity, and one patient had Detrusor Over-Activity with DSD. 
Regarding the bladder capacity, seventeen patients (34%) had average bladder capacity, 28 patients (56%) had small bladder capacity and five patients (10%) had large bladder capacity. 
Conclusion
According to our results, a significant percentage of the primary nocturnal enuretic patients had some Neuropathic Bladder. Does it recommend that every patient presented with Monosymptomatic Refractory Primary Nocturnal Enuresis do a Urodynamic study as their initial assessment? Besides, to find the exact type of abnormality and manage accordingly as soon as possible.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH INSULIN ADHERENCE IN TYPE 1 DIABETIC CHILDREN ATTENDING JAMAL AHMED RASHID PAEDIATRIC TEACHING HOSPITAL IN SULAIMANIA CITY
Authors: Abdulrahman Alan
Published: March 2022

Background 

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition in the paediatric age group. Its treatment is always challenging for the affected child, the whole family, and the health care system. Reasonable control is usually the aim because it will prevent or delay the complications of diabetes. Adherence to insulin therapy is among the essential factors in the control of the disease.

Objectives 

To identify factors that influence insulin adherence in children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Patients and Methods

A cross-section study was done among type 1 diabetic children who have been registered in the diabetic centre in Dr Jamal Ahmed Rashid Paediatric Teaching Hospital from April 1st to September 30th, 2018. 

All the affected 104 cases were below 16 years of age. Caretakers of the patient were interviewed using pretested questionnaires to provide information on socio-demographic characteristics. Insulin adherence was measured by the 8-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS); furthermore, injection-related barriers to insulin injection were assessed.

Results

The mean age (±SD) of the 104 affected diabetic children was 7.07 ± 3.36 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.04:1 (53 males and 51 females). Good adherence was found in 72.1% of the cases, 19.2% had an average adherence, with 8.7% were poorly adherent to therapy.

Conclusion

Most type 1 diabetic children had good adherence to insulin therapy with fair 1-2 blood glucose test monitoring per day. Family supervision of the insulin injections and blood sugar monitoring were the two significant factors in insulin adherence.
Relations Among Attachment, Emotion Regulation, and Dysfunctional Breathing in Young Adults
Authors: Crockett Jamie E. , Cashwell Craig S.
Published: March 2022

With the escalating incidence of psychological distress and mental health disorders among young adults, there is a need to advance culturally attuned and neuroscience-informed approaches to treat and prevent these concerns. Given the influence of attachment and related processes on mental health and wellness, exploration of the biological bases of attachment may be vital in the advancement of such strategies. Since researchers have demonstrated critically important relations between attachment and emotion regulation as well as between emotion regulation and respiration, breathing appears to be a logical, though novel, construct to examine in the context of attachment and emotion regulation. We used an exploratory cross-sectional correlational study to examine the relations among these constructs in a sample of young adults. We found significant positive relationships among attachment insecurity, difficulty regulating emotion, and symptoms of dysfunctional breathing and hyperventilation. Together, measures of attachment insecurity and symptoms of dysfunctional breathing and hyperventilation accounted for a significant portion of the variance in difficulty regulating emotion. We discuss the implications for counseling practice and future research.
Malnutrition in oncology: etiology, pathogenesis, and principles of correction
Authors: Tsvetkov Denis S.
Published: March 2022

Cancer is currently one of the leading causes of death. Mortality in this group of patients is due to both underlying disease course and therapy complications. The development of cachexia is one of the most important factors that affect both the quality of life of a patient with cancer and the treatment effectiveness. Presently, ideas about the pathogenesis of malnutrition in patients with cancer and its diagnostic methods are fairly clear. However, a particular patient needs to understand which processes are leading to the development of anorexia-cachexia syndrome. Concepts, such as anorexia, cachexia, and sarcopenia, reflect various possible variants of the course or stage of developing metabolic disorders. Their timely detection determines the duration and process intensity and assesses the prognosis of the disease course, as well as develops a patient-oriented nutritional support program. Understanding the pathogenesis of its development allows for the correction of emerging disorders throughout the patient treatment period.
Nutritional therapy is a key method that can influence the severity of cachexia. Undoubtingly, the progression of malnutrition is due to the multimodal effect of the tumor on the patients metabolism and can significantly affect the effectiveness of antitumor therapy. Therefore, basic principles of diagnosis and treatment are formulated, including early diagnosis, individual nutritional need calculation (proteins, energy), and the use of pharmaconutrients that can influence the severity of catabolic processes.
According to the patient-orientation concept, an oncologist should be involved in the formation of a nutritional therapy program, which allows a simultaneous selection of the most optimal scheme of specialized nutrition based on the patients condition, type and stage of neoplasm, nutrient introduction restrictions, taste preferences, and timely qualitative and quantitative nutrient composition adjustment against the background of the changing patient condition and needs.
The maximum effectiveness of nutritional support in patients with cancer can be achieved only with a multimodal approach of correcting all pathological processes that lead to malnutrition occurrence and progression.
Comparison of various dermatoglyphic methods of collecting and preserving fingerprints for study purpose
Authors: Ramakrishnan Vidhya
Published: March 2022

Background: This study is an attempt to compare the various methods of recording fingerprints and to find the most accurate, feasible, non-toxic, inexpensive and permanent method of recording and preserving dermatoglyphic prints for study and research purpose.Methods: 100 adult volunteers from KLE Society’s Institute of Dental Sciences participated in this study. They were asked to clean and dry their hands. Then they were randomly allotted to one of the 5 groups. The right thumb was used as a reference and prints were obtained by the method specified to the group. The prints obtained from different methods were compared for clarity, precision, ease of preservation.Results: Prints obtained by the ink method were clear and accurate. Adhesive tape methods were difficult to obtain but yielded good prints. Machine oil method was relatively easy but did not yield good prints. Photographic prints were clear. Digital finger printing method gave the most accurate and reliable prints. All these prints were compared and they were rated based on clarity, accuracy and ease of recording and preserving.Conclusions: Every method employed has its own advantages and disadvantages. Based on the type of study and the parameters to be assessed, different methods of collecting fingerprints can be employed.
Cortical venous thrombosis in high altitude; result of an observational study
Authors: Pimpalwar Yayati , Gurung Brikshya , Sharma Vyom
Published: March 2022

Background: High altitude, an extremely rare cause of cortical venous thrombosis (CVT) has no literature review available signifying the relation between two as per date. The aim of this study is to establish the relation of exposure to high altitude and occurrence of CVT in properly acclimatised healthy individuals exposed to high altitude having no pre-existing morbidities.Methods: An observational type of prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care centre in North India. Patients who were sent back from a high-altitude area with CNS symptoms (headache to coma) were included in the study. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance venography (MRV), blood investigations including complete blood count and D-dimer were done as routine examinations in all these patients. MRI and MRV findings were recorded and analyzed for features of CVT.Results: Twenty-eight patients with an average age of 31.5 years (23-51 years) were included in the study. All patients had CNS symptoms; with headache being the common symptom. In the patients of CVT, there were MRI features of parenchymal infarct in 7 (25%), hemorrhagic infarct in 11 (41.6%), subarachnoid hemorrhage in 7 (25%) and mass effect in 3 (8.4%) patients. MRV revealed involvement of multiple sinus involvement more common than single sinus involvement, of which most commonly involved sinuses were Superior sagittal sinus and transverse sinuses. D-Dimer levels were significantly raised in 23 (83%) patients.Conclusions: High altitude though a rare cause, can be the single most important contributory factor in the development of CVT in healthy acclimatised individuals with no predisposing factors. The physicians dealing with such patients at high altitude should be well aware of the scenario as early diagnosis via imaging and prompt management can drastically reduce mortality in this potentially lethal but treatable conditions.
Smoking and its effects on heart rate variability
Authors: Taan Al. Awar Dina H. , Al Yafei Amani H. , Al Fehaidi Al Anoud S.
Published: March 2022

Due to smoking's widespread prevalence, it is necessary to explore cost-effective and practical prognostic markers indicating its health effects. Heart rate variability (HRV) may be used to foresee the long-term repercussions of smoking as a simple and affordable approach of forecasting cardiovascular health complications. Smoking has been proven to have a detrimental effect on HRV, which may have a detrimental effect on cardiovascular health. Additionally, we present an overview of the different HRV measurements and their diagnostic utility in the context of heart failure. There is a very detailed look at all the available data on how smoking affects HRV, as well as how different HRV indices show changes in the activity of the body's autonomic nervous system when people smoke. Smoking has been shown to change the autonomic nervous system's normal function, including an increase in sympathetic drive, a decrease in HRV, and a decrease in parasympathetic control. The possible reasons for this decrease in HRV and how it might affect patients are thoroughly discussed.
hsCRP level and cognitive function in ischemic stroke patients: systematic review
Authors: . Feliana , Pertiwi Junita Maja , Mawuntu Arthur Hendrik Philips
Published: March 2022

Increased level of High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is associated with poor ischemic stroke functional outcomes according to several previous studies. However, there are no studies that specifically evaluate cognitive function. This systematic study aims to perform a narrative analysis of hsCRP levels with cognitive function in ischemic stroke patients. A systematic search of research articles was carried out on electronic databases using the PRISMA guidelines and on the bibliography on the references of the relevant articles. The electronic databases used are PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, Wiley Online Library, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The included study designs were cross-sectional, case-control, and prospective cohort studies. The risk of bias was analyzed by using ROBINS-1 and the quality of research by using GRADE. From eight studies, there were four studies that in addition to examining hsCRP also examined other inflammatory markers i.e.; fibrinogen (1 study) and homocysteine (3 studies). The risk of bias assessment tool for ROBINS-I indicated a high risk of outcome assessment blinding for eight studies. The quality of studies was assessed by GRADE showed low quality. Results indicated an association between elevated hsCRP and poor cognitive outcome in ischemic stroke patients. The hsCRP examination can be considered in ischemic stroke patients to predict cognitive function. However, as a routine examination, further studies are still needed.
COVID-19 associated acute transverse myelitis unresponsive to steroid therapy
Authors: Shafi Mohammad Sameer , Shafi Shahaan , Ghasemi Reza , Vameghstahbanati Motahareh
Published: March 2022

A 63-year-old female presented to hospital with nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. After primary evaluation, SARS-CoV-2 infection was suspected and confirmed via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. She was started on broad spectrum antibiotics and remdesivir. After 12 days of hospitalization, she reported bilateral weakness and numbness of lower extremities and increased shortness of breath in the absence of fever. MRI with contrast was performed which showed intrinsic spinal cord lesion at the C7-T3 levels suggestive of transverse myelitis. She was started on IV steroids and was transferred to tertiary hospital for higher level of care. On neurological exam, there was an obvious reduction in the power of lower extremities and hyperreflexia was noted. Due to increasing weakness, MRI of cervical and thoracic spine was repeated and subsequently was started on Solu-Medrol 1-gram IV daily for 5 days. She was unresponsive to steroid therapy and refused plasmapheresis. Her course of hospitalization was complicated with acute on chronic renal failure and obstructive uropathy.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on physicians managing breast cancer patients in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alnefaie Sahar M. , Alotaibi Ghaida H. , Algethami Nada E. , Aljunaid Raghad S. Z. , Alnemari Israa H. , Aljuaid Raghad S. S. , Alqashqari Khairiah Y.
Published: March 2022

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the health-care system worldwide, and physicians face challenges in clinical practice, especially in managing cancer patients. This study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on physicians managing breast cancer patients in Saudi Arabia.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to October 2020 among physicians practicing in Saudi Arabia, using an online-based survey. The questionnaire included items on physicians’ sociodemographic, barriers faced with breast cancer patients, concerns about and satisfaction with breast cancer patients’ management, and treatment protocols they follow.Results: A total of 317 physicians participated in this study. Most of them faced difficulties in their work with breast cancer patients during this pandemic, and 77.3% reported that they diagnosed at least one breast cancer case. Many patients missed chemotherapy sessions, and half of the centres indicated that more than 10% of their patients missed at least one session. 83% of the physicians were satisfied with the way they managed breast cancer patients, and 73% follow a specific protocol in managing breast cancer patients.Conclusions: The study’s findings show that the active COVID-19 pandemic led to a more stressful situation among physicians, which has affected management of breast cancer patients. COVID-19 is reshaping the delivery of not only breast cancer care but also general oncology practice. Currently, due to the availability of effective vaccination and more understanding of COVID-19, we believe that breast cancer operations should be performed on their scheduled date.
Management of basal cell carcinoma: our experience at tertiary care institute
Authors: Mittal Seema , Dall Tejinder Singh , Mittal Raman
Published: March 2022

Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a slow growing, locally invasive and most common skin cancer. Its etiology is mostly linked to exposure to U.V. rays in sunlight. Diagnosis is mostly clinical and wide local excision is main treatment modality.Methods: The study was conducted on 50 cases of BCC diagnosed at Sri Guru Ramdas University of Health Sciences during a study period extending from January 2013 to January 2021. In the present study various variables associated with BCC i.e. age, gender, size, site, and histopathology were studies.Results: The present study was conducted on 50 patients of BCC. Total number of males was 32 (64%) and there were 18 (36%) females. Mean age of patients presented with BCC was 65 years and SD=14.054. It was observed that most common site of lesion was infra orbital region 12 (24%). Size of lesion varied from 1 to 3 cm and wide local excision with flap was most commonly performed procedure at our Institute. Nodular sclerosing was observed to be the most common histopathological type accounted for 35 (70%) of total cases.Conclusions: BCC is a common surface malignancy amenable to early detection and potential cure. Infra orbital region is most common site and nodular sclerosing is most common histopathological type. Wide local excision remains the heart of treatment.
Outcome of different surgical procedures for fistula-in-ano: a single centre-based study
Authors: Bhat Jahangeer M. , Rasool Humayoon , Nabi Naveed , Rasool Insha , Chowdri Nisar , Parray Fazl Qadir
Published: March 2022

Background: Fistula-in-ano is an abnormal communication between anal canal/rectum and perianal skin. It is considered to be chronic sequelae of cryptoglandular perianal abscess. Surgical treatment is the standard of care. However, the surgical techniques have evolved over time in order to give a satisfactory non-recurring result without jeopardising continence mechanism. Our aim was to study the feasibility and outcome of various surgical procedures done for fistula-in-ano.Methods: This study was conducted in colorectal division of department of general surgery SKIMS Srinagar, from 2017-2019. All patients underwent a surgical procedure which was deemed feasible for a particular case. Pre-operative data and post-operative outcome/complications were studied over a mean follow up of 12 months. Final inferences were drawn after analysing the data using various statistical tools.Results: Fistula-in-ano has male predominance (8:1), with intersphincteric fistula being the commonest type (48%) in our study. Majority of our patients underwent fistulectomy (72.5%) with or without Seton placement. Over a mean follow up of 12 months, only 19 patients (15.32%) developed recurrence. Incontinence was observed in 15 patients (12.09%). The risk of recurrence was observed to be directly related to the complexity of fistula.Conclusions: Fistulectomy is safe and effective for low intersphincteric and trans-sphincteric fistulas with acceptable rates of recurrence. Benefit of radical excision in high fistulas with multiple secondary tracts should be carefully weighed against risk of post-operative incontinence.
Meckel's diverticulum: misdiagnosis and delayed presentation with ureterohydronephrosis
Authors: Laezza Nadia , Conceição Vanda , Basso Susana , Lopes Maria Francelina
Published: March 2022

MD occurs in 2% of the population and is the most common congenital malformation of the gastrointestinal tract. Most patients are asymptomatic and complications are found in about 5%. This study reports an exceptional case where a longstanding Meckel's diverticulum (MD) was initially misdiagnosed as inflammatory bowel disease and further complicated with ureterohydronephrosis. A 14-year-old male presented with abdominal pain and fever, minor elevation of inflammatory markers, the ultrasound showed a liquid collection and suggested complicated acute appendicitis. Laparoscopy showed a thickened small bowel segment, low grade inflammation of the appendix and no collection; appendectomy was performed. Follow-up ultrasound showed bowel wall thickening and collections, which further suggested inflammatory bowel disease. One month after discharge, the patient returned with abdominal pain and subfebrile temperature. Imaging studies showed pelvic plastron, purulent fluid, collections and right ureterohydronephrosis. Treatment for complicated inflammatory bowel disease was ineffective, there was worsening of the ureterohydronephrosis, however, the collections were small and persisted roughly unchanged, which suggested a different etiology. Scintigraphy with technetium-99m pertechnetate was positive and surgery was proposed. A MD was found intimately adherent to the posterior abdominal wall, involving the ureter. En bloc enterectomy and primary anastomosis were completed successfully. Follow-up ultrasound 11-days after surgery was normal. After 6-months, the patient was asymptomatic. This case represents a diagnostic challenge since ureterohydronephrosis was never described as a complication of MD and it was an important element in the diagnosis.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles: An Application of Antibiotics
Authors: Abd Ali Mohammed A. , Shareef Ali Aboud
Published: March 2022

The goal of this research is to use dental caries patients’ oral cavity-isolated Enterobacter aerogenes bacterial strains (S1, S2 and S3) to create silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in an environmentally friendly and cost-effective manner. In addition, the study explores the combination of antibiotics with Streptococcus mitis MDR, which was isolated from patients with dental caries to determine their antibacterial efficiency. Clinical bacterial strains identified from dental caries patients' mouths were all resistant to standard antibiotics. Antibiotics and AgNPs have a synergistic impact, which suggests that antibiotics will make up a larger portion of the diet. It was shown that erythromycin E had the greatest synergistic impact with AgNPs (0.1 mg/ml), but Streptomycin and Tetracycline had only 6 mm inhibitory zones when paired with AgNPs (0.1 mg/ml) in comparison. Antagonizing effects are meant by this. It was revealed that antibiotics such as penicillin P and cephalexin CN had distinct effects on patients. When used in combination with antibiotics, Enterobacter aerogenes AgNPs demonstrated excellent antibacterial efficacy on Streptococcus mitis isolates. As a result, AgNPs in the dental care area have a wide range of applications.
Moisture and Dry Density Influence on Compacted Clay and Clay-Sand Mixtures
Authors: Louafi Bahia , Dafalla Muawia A.
Published: March 2022

The influence of initial moisture content and dry density on swelling clays was extensively investigated in the literature. In order to explore the relationships that exist between the swelling parameters of clay soils and the water content, initial dry density, and sand content, a series of experimental tests were conducted on pure clay and clay treated with 20% sand. The swelling pressure and the swell potential were also tested for sand-clay mixtures. The results showed a significant influence of the initial water content on the swell potential of bentonite and bentonite sand mixture. The increase in the dry density was found to boost the swelling pressure and swell potential. The rate of increase is related to sand content. For higher sand content, it was found that grain-to-grain contact reduces the compressibility of the mixture and thus causes the general swell trend to alter. The amount of clay particles within the mixture is an important factor affecting the swelling. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the sand in the reduction of swelling parameters. This study provides a control measure for expansive soil materials using sand addition to achieve better soil for construction purposes.
Frequency and Complexity of Relative Clauses in Vietnamese Learners’ Essays
Authors: Thanh Ng Vo , Hoai Phuong Dang
Published: March 2022

Relative clauses are considered as complex structures and employed in academic writing to a high extent. The frequency and complexity of these structures is expected to make non-native learners’ writing more academic. Therefore, the paper aims to investigate how Vietnamese learners of English use relative clauses in their essays. Particularly, 100 argumentative essays written by intermediate students are examined to explore the frequency and complexity of these structures. The findings show that the presence of relative clauses is found in nearly all essays. However, the investigated students tend to use many more restrictive relative clauses than non- restrictive ones. Regarding syntactic complexity, they have a preference order of SU>DO>OBL>GEN>IO=OCOMP. It is suggested that non-native learners should acquire the use of all types of relative clauses for them to be appropriately employed in their academic writing.
Keywords: relative clauses, academic essays, non-native users, the NPAH
English Language Teaching in Indonesia in the 21st Century: What Needs Reinforcing and Enhancing for the Teachers
Authors: A. Prayogo Johannes
Published: March 2022

English has been the first foreign language taught in the secondary schools in Indonesia since 1946, a year after its independence in 1945, which means that the teaching of English as a foreign language (TEFL) in Indonesia has run for almost 75 years. As the world has experienced the Industrial Revolution 4.0 since 2011 with its three principal characteristics that lie greatly on the employment of technology: innovation, automation, and information transfer, some reinforcement and enhancement need to be taken for the teachers of English to adjust with the current development, which basically centres upon the teachers’ professional and pedagogic competences. The former includes the proficiency of the four English language skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing (language performance), and the mastery of the four English language components: grammar, vocabulary, spelling and pronouncing systems (language competence). The latter includes the theories of learning from the perspectives of functional- physiological, behaviouristic, cognitive/gestalt, and constructive-humanistic psychology and the insight and knowledge of innovative learning, such as digital learning, blended learning, and neuro-science-based learning. Furthermore, the latter also includes the knowledge of contemporary learning theories or alternative learning theories, such as transformative learning, disruptive learning, connectivism learning, and multiple intelligences theories. English teachers equipped with the content of the two competences can most likely face the challenges and changes of the 21st century.
Keywords: professional and pedagogic competences, learning theories, contemporary learning theories
Featuring Content Writing in the Classroom
Authors: Fatma Anyassari Nugrahaningtyas
Published: March 2022

Content writing has been gaining much attention. As many emerging enterprises go online, job vacancies for content writers are ubiquitous. Consequently, classroom activities, at polytechnics to be specific, should adjust with the current shift. This study aimed to describe content writing as a project in a Writing 3 class. The class consisted of 20 second-year students from the D4 English for Business and Professional Communication program. During a 5-week project, each student created a dummy business website on either Google sites or Blogger and performed as the main writer, contributor and editor. The business foci relied on their own interests which varied from fashion to merchandise and creative media. The results revealed that students were able to create excellent content for their websites. Pedagogical implications of this study may be to encourage designing a syllabus and instructional materials to teach content writing. It is suggested that future researchers include teachings on how to employ keywords in articles, and conduct interviews or surveys with actual content writers or related industries to support the course design. 
Keywords: content writing, English for business communication, ELT
The Association of the Use of Electronic Media with Primary Headache in Students of the Faculty of Medicine, BaiturrahMah University Class 2017
Authors: Pitra Dian Ayu Hamama , Risqi  , Darmayanti Anita
Published: March 2022

Background: The use of multimedia-based electronics during this Covid pandemic is the right solution fordistance learning. Electronic media that are generally known by the public are cellphones and laptops/computers, and television which are communication media that use electromechanical power.
Aims: To find the association between the use of electronic media with primary headaches in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Baiturrahmah University class 2017.
Method: This research was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study was the 2017 class of students who met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria—sampling using a non-random sampling method, namely consecutive selection. Data collection was done by distributing questionnaires.
Results: In this study, the gender of the respondents, who were primarily women, was 50 people (72.5%). Respondents who experienced migraine headaches were 13 people (18.8%), and Tension-Type Headachewas 56 people (81.2%). This study showed no significant association between the use of cellphones and primary headaches in terms of frequency, duration, length of possession, position, and brightness (p>0.05). Likewise, for the use of laptops/computers, there was no significant association with primary headaches in terms of frequency, duration, length of stay, position, and brightness (p>0.05). Furthermore, there was no significant association with primary headaches for television use in terms of frequency, duration, length of stay, and position.
Conclusion: There is no significant association between the use of electronic media with primary headache.
Technical regulations of emissions from thermal power plants
Authors: Ivanitskiy Maxim
Published: March 2022

Principles of environmental safety rules and regulations controlling power generation companies should support compliance with current requirements for limiting air pollutant emissions. This paper analyzes requirements coming from government or technology and limiting greenhouse gas emissions and managing climate change. Thermal power engineers can use these research results preparing comprehensive environmental permits or energy efficiency program development as well as for participation in a government experiment on emission taxation.
Invitation to Read. Review
Authors: Anitei Nadia Cerasela
Published: March 2022

The course "Family Law. Marriage. Marriage regimes. Filiatia," discusses complex issues in the field of family relations, representing the expression of the constant concern of the prestigious author for knowledge and analysis from a scientific perspective of the literature and case law both from the perspective of Romanian and foreign law.
Działalność Pedagogicznej Biblioteki Wojewódzkiej im. prof. Tadeusza Kotarbińskiego w Łodzi w czasie pandemii
Authors: Wachowicz Monika , Figurska Katarzyna
Published: March 2022

W artykule przedstawiono działalność Pedagogicznej Biblioteki Wojewódzkiej im. prof. Tadeusza Kotarbińskiego w Łodzi w okresie od 12 marca 2020 do 31 sierpnia 2021. Głównym celem było wskazanie sposobów i formy realizacji zadań Biblioteki w czasie pandemii, oraz dostosowania jej usług do okresowych obostrzeń.
Działania Książnicy Pedagogicznej im. A. Parczewskiego w Kaliszu w czasach pandemii roku 2020/2021
Authors: Zimna Aldona
Published: March 2022

Celem artykułu jest prezentacja różnorodnych działań organizowanych przez Książnicę Pedagogiczną im. A. Parczewskiego w Kaliszu podczas pandemii od marca 2020 do września 2021 roku. Tekst zawiera przykłady tradycyjnych i elektronicznych usług bibliotecznych w ramach szerokiej oferty edukacyjno-kulturalnej, skierowanej do różnych grup użytkowników. Autorka opisała między innymi wystawy, konkursy i projekty realizowane przez Książnicę, także we współpracy z bibliotekami szkolnymi, wydziałem UAM/WPA w Kaliszu i Uniwersytetem Trzeciego Wieku. Podkreśliła wielką rolę popularyzowania działań biblioteki, które przenikają ze świata rzeczywistego w wirtualny poprzez media społecznościowe i stronę internetową Książnicy.
Common Ground or Double Bind? The Possibility of Dialogue in Plato’s Crito
Authors: Feldman Sarah
Published: March 2022

Much recent scholarship on Plato’ Crito has revolved around the controversy about the relationship and possible compatibility between the arguments Socrates gives in his own person (SocratesS) and those he gives in the person of the Laws (SocratesL). By contrast, the relation between the arguments given by SocratesL and those given by Crito continues to be seen as uncontroversial: by the end of the dialogue, commentators agree, Crito has no choice but to concede to the force of SocratesL’s arguments. Against this traditional reading, this paper will argue not only that SocratesL’s arguments fail to secure Crito’s agreement, but also that two characters’ attempts to communicate end at an impasse that seems to leave little room for meaningful shared discourse –and may even undermine Crito’s belief in the possibility of meaningful speech. My interpretation is informed by Socrates’ account (at 49c9-e3) of the need for and nature of a “common ground” as a requisite for genuine dialogue. This passage, I argue, challenges the traditional analysis of Crito as the representative of a particular value system or a particular “type”, demanding, instead, a consideration of the effect of Socrates’ arguments upon Crito in light of a more robust view of the latter’s perspective. Such a reconsideration has consequences not only for our appreciation of the dramatic structure of the dialogue, but also for how we understand one of the dialogue’s central, if underexplored, themes: the belief in a shared logos and the psychagogic necessity and perils of testing that belief.
Koinōnía y Justicia. De la República al Parménides
Authors: Gutiérrez Raúl
Published: March 2022

La razón fundamental por la que, según cierto modelo historiográfico el Parménides platónico constituye un diálogo de crisis en el desarrollo del pensamiento de Platón, es la supuesta presencia en él de una crítica de la Teoría de las Ideas del período medio –Fedón, Banquete, República. La insuficiencia de esa teoría consistiría en una concepción de las Ideas como unidades absolutamente simples y completamente aisladas que les impediría cumplir la función para la cual habrían sido concebidas. Esa función solo podría ser cumplida por una nueva concepción relacional de las Ideas que estaría sugerida en el Parménides y desarrollada en el Sofista. Así pues, por contraste con la que yo llamaría una estrategia del silencio (p. ej. Cordero, 2014, 2016), quisiera 1) insistir en que la noción de koinōnía es fundamental e imprescindible para el proyecto de la República, pues su tema central, la noción de justicia, es impensable sin la noción de koinōnía entre las Ideas; y 2) hacer notar el uso de esa noción de justicia en el Parménides (cf. 150a), precisamente en conexión con la cuestión de la interrelación eidética (143a-b) y la concepción de la Idea como un todo (ὅλον) “que ha surgido como un uno a partir de todos las partes – ἐξ ἁπάντων ἓν τέλειον γεγονός” (157e1, ἓν ἐκ πολλῶν, 157c6, ἓν τέλειον μόρια ἔχον, 157e4).
Soil-plant-animal Continuum Concerning the Certain Micro-mineral Status of Indigenous Sheep in Hot Semi-arid Regions
Authors: Raju N. Venkata , Parashar Abhinav , Pankaj Prabhat Kumar
Published: March 2022

Background: Semi-arid regions have a large livestock population that grazes on nutrient-depleted natural grasses and crop leftovers, resulting in mineral shortages. The goal of this study was to determine the amounts of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) in soil, pasture and sheep serum in semi-arid areas with low rainfall (498-522 mm) in order to construct a soil-plant-animal continuum and recommend solutions to increase trace element availability. Methods: Samples were collected from different parts of the continuum [Soil (n=50), pasture (n=50) and blood samples from sheep (n=50)] from the selected study area and the trace elements were analyzed after digestion using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Descriptive, correlation and t-test analyses were carried out to categorize the deficiency, their significance and soil-plant-animal continuum. Result: Although most soil samples were found to be below threshold levels, most straws and stovers in the field had marginal levels of these micro-minerals. Most sheep serum samples had levels of different micro-minerals that were below the threshold level, implying that many indigenous sheep are deficient in micro-minerals. Although there was a substantial association between feed, fodder and sheep serum, there was no such correlation between trace mineral levels in sheep serum and soil. A higher percentage of these micro-minerals in sheep faeces implies that these nutrients are truly recycled through faeces and urine in semi-arid rural areas. To address the sub-clinical micro-mineral insufficiency in semi-arid regions, micro-mineral supplementation, particularly Zn, Cu and Mn, is required.
Identification of Suitable Alternate Rabi Crops for Coastal Sands of Nellore District
Authors: Reddy G. Krishna , Reddy S. Tirumala , Sunitha N. , Kumari P. Lavanya , Reddy P.V.R.M. , Reddy B. Ravindranatha
Published: March 2022

Background: Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.), is a leguminous crop which is widely cultivated in the tropics and subtropics between 40°N and 40°S latitudes. It is valued for its high-oil edible seeds and as such it is the fourth most important source of edible oil and third most important source of vegetable protein in the world. Groundnut is not only an important oilseed crop of India but also an important agricultural export commodity. Cultivation of groundnut is an alternate occupation to fishing by the fisherman in the coastal sands. Farmers are cultivating groundnut after groundnut for the past two decades resulting in low income from the crop. Based on their demand a field experiment is planned to identify alternate crops which are remunerative to this tract Methods: Field experiment entitled “Identification of suitable alternate Rabi crops for coastal sands of Nellore district” was carried out for two consecutive years during rabi, 2017-18 and 2018-19 on farmer’s field at Srigowripuram, Vidavalur Mandal, SPSR Nellore district. Result: The mean performance revealed that all the crops produced less groundnut equivalent yields than groundnut crop. Groundnut pod equivalent yield was reduced by 4.60%, 71.25%, 90.14% and 55.78% in water melon, musk melon, onion and potato crops respectively. In terms of groundnut pod equivalent yield no crop is found superior to existing groundnut crop. With regard to alternate crops, the maximum groundnut pod equivalent yield (4941.50 kg ha-1) was noticed in water melon crop followed by muskmelon (1489.50 kg ha-1). Though higher gross and net returns were realized for groundnut (284955, 200695 Rs ha-1) B:C ratio was found to be maximum for water melon (3.48) due to low cost of cultivation Hence, water melon crop can be promoted as a remunerative crop alternate groundnut in coastal sands of Nellore district. Whereas, onion crop was found to be least in monitory returns crop with lower productivity in costal sands of Nellore district.
Pokdarwis Joglo : Membangun Desa Untuk Pariwisata Kerakyatan Di Kelurahan Curahdami, Kabupaten Bondowoso
Authors: Novitasari Indah Yuni , Isnan ID Murtadha
Published: March 2022

Bondowoso Regency is actively developing tourism potential to support the potential of Ijen and Raung as Global Geological Park (Geopark). approximately 14 points are projected to support Ijen Geopark. These points include Ijen Crater, Wurung Crater, Blawan Hot Spring, and Batu So'on / Solor to support geological aspects. There are also Coffee Gardens, Strawberry for biodiversity (biodiversity). And Ojhung Dance, Singo Ulung for the cultural aspect (culture). One of the potential supporters of tourism that can be used as a tourist destination in Bondowoso is the Bulkdami Village, where there is a lot of potential that can be used as a place of education for tourists. Bulk Dami has well-packaged tour packages. It can be seen from the attractions and tourist attractions, amenities and accommodation, accessibility, and community readiness that is adequate, complete and in good condition.
Model dan Strategi Kebijakan Investasi Sektor Pariwisata Untuk Pemerataan Pembangunan di Kabupaten Probolinggo
Authors: Puspita Yeni , Nugroho Margaretta Andini
Published: March 2022

Taman Nasional Bromo Tengger Semeru (TNBTS), dipilih mewakili wisata Jawa Timur oleh Kementerian Pariwisata, namun investasi yang terealisasi belum dirasakan manfaatnya pada TNBTS dan masyarakat, kajian ini ingin melihat model dan strategi kebijakan investasi sektor pariwisata terhadap pembangunan ekonomi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan  adalah kualitatif deskriptif yaitu melakukan wawancara pada pihak terkait dan melalukan kajian terhadap pelaksanaan investasi pada sektor pariwisata di Jawa Timur khususnya TNBTS. Bentuk investasi dalam sektor pariwisata adalah investasi dalam atraksi pariwisata, investasi dalam aksesbilitas pariwisata, investasi dalam amenitas pariwisata, dan investasi dalam ancillary pariwisata. Strategi investasi yang sustainable adalah rencana strategis yang berkelanjutan dengan menciptakan model 9 portofolio produk wisata itu untuk mendukung Atraksi; pembangunan aksesibilitas pariwisata di Jawa Timur, dengan cara pembenahan di sektor transportasi; pembangunan amenitas (fasilitas) pariwisata di Jawa Timur bisa dilakukan oleh pihak swasta; pelayanan tambahan harus disediakan oleh Pemerintah Daerah setempat.
Endüstriyel Pazarda İlişki Kalitesi ve Müşterinin Algıladığı Değer İlişkisinde Tedarikçi Değiştirme Maliyetinin Aracı Etkisi(Mediator Effect of Supplier Switching Cost on the Relationship Between Relationship Quality and Customer Perceived Value in B2B Market)
Authors: Yılmaz Mehmet , Kaplan Burçin
Published: March 2022

Amaç -Bu araştırma endüstriyel pazarda ilişki kalitesi ve müşterinin algıladığı değer arasındaki ilişki üzerinde tedarikçi değiştirme maliyetinin aracı etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.Yöntem -İlişki kalitesi ile müşterinin algıladığı değer arasındaki ilişkide tedarikçi değiştirme maliyetinin aracı rolünü incelemek amacıyla bootstrap yöntemi ile birlikte, regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Endüstriyel pazarda yer alan üretim işletmelerinin,firma yetkililerinden oluşan ve kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak tespit edilen 450 kişilik bir örneklemden anket yoluyla toplanan veriler, öncelikle IBM SPSS 23.0 programı ve Hayes tarafından geliştirilmiş olan Process v3.5 makro eklentisinin kullanımı ile analiz edilerek yorumlanmıştır. Burada araştırma modelinin analizinin gerçekleştirilebilmesi için Baron ve Kenny’nin 1986 yılında aracı etki olan doğrudan ve dolaylı olan analiz yönteminin temel alındığı belirlenmiştir. Bulgular -Yapılan analizler sonucunda; ilişki kalitesinin müşterinin algıladığı değeri doğrudan, tedarikçi değiştirme maliyeti üzerinden ise dolaylı olarak etkilediği görülmüştür. İşletmeler arası ilişkinin güçlenmesi ile birlikte, tedarikçi değiştirme maliyeti, müşteri tarafından algılanan değerde de artışa neden olmaktadır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular değerlendirildiğinde, endüstriyel pazarda yer alan işletmelerin birlikte çalıştıkları diğer işletmeler ile olan ilişki kalitelerinin, müşteride algılanan değeri etkilediği de ayrıca ifade edilebilir. Yüksek algılanan tedarikçi değiştirme maliyeti ile müşteride algılanan değer de artmakta ve alıcılar tedarikçiyi değiştirmekten kaçınmaya çalışmaktadır. Bu bağlamda ilişki kalitesi ile müşterinin algıladığı değer arasındaki ilişkide, tedarikçi değiştirme maliyetinin aracı rolünün bulunduğunu söylemek mümkündür. Tartışma -Alan yazında ilişki kalitesi ile müşterinin algıladığı değer arasındaki ilişkide tedarikçi değiştirme maliyetinin aracılık rolünü inceleyen sınırlı sayıda araştırma bulunması nedeniyle, bu çalışmanın literatüre katkı sağlayacağını söylemek mümkündür. Tedarikçi değiştirme maliyetinin aracılık rolünü inceleyen araştırmaların sınırlı sayıda olmasının nedeni doğrudan ve dolaylı etki modelinin endüstriyel işletme pazarlaması literatüründe henüz yeterince konu edilmemesidir.
2022.1372The Effect of Social Media Tools Effectiveness at the Purchasing Process on Consumer Behavior: Mediating Role of the Generations
Authors: Karaman Davut , Yıldız Ali
Published: March 2022

Purpose-The primary purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between social media tools’ effectiveness at the purchasing process and consumer behavior in social media before and after the purchase. Another important goal is to reveal the mediating role of the generations in the effect of social media tools’ effectiveness at the purchasing process on consumer behavior in social media before and after the purchase. Design/methodology/approach-The data used in the research was obtained through a questionnaire from citizens residing in Antalya city in November 2019. A total of 664 questionnaires were included in the analysis. For the purposes of the study, correlation and hierarchical regression analyzes were performed. Findings-According to the results, it was determined that there is no relationship between social media tools’ effectiveness at the purchasing process and consumer behavior in social media before and after the purchase. While there is not any effect of social media tools’ effectiveness at the purchasing process on consumer behavior in social media before and after the purchase in social media, when the generation variable is included this equation it has been revealed that there is effect. While similar results were found in the marital status variable, no mediating role was observed in the gender variable. Discussion-The results of the study are expected to be beneficial for firms’ social media marketing activities and social media expertise. Businesses on social media should create a social media unit or should work with outsourcing and social media experts to update their social media pages instantly.