bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between Sociodemographic Factors and Nutritional Knowledge among Working Mothers in Terengganu
Authors: Mohd Zainuddin Laila Ruwaida , Mohd Amil Iffah Izzati , Hussin Napisah
Published: January 2024

Broadly defined, nutrition knowledge relates to understanding concepts and processes connected to nutrition and health, such as diet and health, diet and disease, main nutrient sources, and dietary guidelines and recommendations. This study aims to determine the association between sociodemographic factors (age, educational level, marital status, salary income, location, type of job, and family members) and nutritional knowledge among working mothers in Terengganu. This cross-sectional study collected sociodemographic information and nutritional knowledge using General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire among 281 working mothers aged 19 to 60 years old. The results show the majority of the participants (70%) had good scores, 23.8% had excellent scores, 6.4% had an average score and 0.4% had poor scores respectively. The prevalence of nutritional knowledge among working mothers in Terengganu was excellent as they were 93.2% scored for high nutritional knowledge, and only 6.8% scored for low nutritional knowledge. Furthermore, there was a significant association between sociodemographic factors (age, educational level, marital status, and salary income) with nutritional knowledge among working mothers in Terengganu. Meanwhile, there was no significant association between sociodemographic factors (location, type of job, and family members) with nutritional knowledge among working mothers in Terengganu. A nutritious diet helps to maintain healthy body weight, promotes favourable pregnancy outcomes, supports normal growth, development, and aging, and minimizes the risk of chronic disease, all of which contribute to overall health and well-being. Therefore, nutritional knowledge should be widely disseminated to Malaysians of all ages.
Effectiveness of Covid-19 Vaccine in Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kadir Nur Ayuni
Published: January 2024

The newly developed COVID-19 vaccine faces public's concerns in terms of its effectiveness and safety as an approach in combating COVID-19 pandemic. It is well-established that COVID-19 vaccine is effective alongside being the most promising approach against COVID-19 infection in both general and vulnerable populations. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine in pregnant women as a subgroup of vulnerable population by analysing several important immunological parameters in pregnant women. Specifically, it investigates how effective the COVID-19 vaccine will reduce the infection rate and how it will affect the mothers' antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2. In this study, the immunological parameters investigated are maternal antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 and the transplacental transfer of the antibody. To test the hypothesis that COVID-19 vaccine is effective in pregnant women, a systematic review was conducted on previous studies regarding COVID-19 vaccine and its outcomes in pregnancy. Results were narratively analysed. The results showed reduced COVID-19 infection rate, elevated maternal antibody titre against SARS-CoV-2 and positive transplacental anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody transfer in vaccinated pregnant women in comparison to unvaccinated pregnant women. These results suggest that COVID-19 vaccine is highly effective against COVID-19 infection in pregnant women. Furthermore, COVID-19 vaccine not only elicits sufficient maternal antibody response as an immunity for mothers against COVID-19 infection but also provides similar protection for infants via passive immunity by means of transplacental antibody transfer. In conclusion, the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine and future booster dose by pregnant women should be strongly encouraged due to its favourable outcomes and protection against COVID-19 disease.
Ten Putative Dysregulated Genes and Potential Mechanism Pathways in Breast Cancer Cell Line Treated with Epigallogatechin Gallate from Prismatomeris Glabra
Authors: Wan taib Wan Rohani
Published: January 2024

World Health Organization estimates that around 48,000 new instances of cancer were diagnosed in Malaysia every year and 17.3% of it is breast cancer. Some treatments such as surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy are frequently used with their side effects. Therefore, using natural products from the Prismatomeris genus such as P.glabra to treat breast cancer is safer and has been the subject of much inquiry as it is believed to have anticancer substances. This study was conducted to clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of the Epigallogatechin gallate (EGCG) identified from P. glabra on MCF-7 the cell line. The ten most significant associated expressed genes with their expression level were identified based on Transcriptomic Profile in EGCG-treated MCF-7. Based on these data, the mechanism of the signalling pathway and the role of the putative genes were evaluated using the Reactome database. Then, the protein interaction was determined using STRING software. The associated genes with their expression level and the mechanism of the signalling pathway were determined based on the p-value. The result from the Transcriptomic Profile in EGCG-treated MCF-7 showed differentially expressed aberrant genes with significant association (p-value < 0.05). The dysregulated expressed genes were classified according to upregulated and downregulated (volcano plot) genes including the ASS1 (2.75E-23), ID1 (9.70E-18), LCP1 (3.20E-15), TAGLN (1.14E-14), ELOVL6 (2.70E-13), ID2 (1.20E-12), DDIT3 (3.76E-12), ACSL3 (5.05E-11), SREBF1 (1.70E-09) and SNORA109 (2.24E-08). The study revealed the molecular mechanism of differentially expressed genes in EGCG from P.glabra in treating breast cancer such as the MAPK signalling pathway and interaction among the proteins which provide insight into the potential usage of medicinal plants in developing personalized medicine for better treatment for the patient with breast cancer in ensuring better patient healthcare.
The Development of Multiplex PCR-RFLP of FTO Genetics Variants
Authors: Wan taib Wan Rohani
Published: January 2024

Background: Major health concern throughout the whole world is the increasing rate of obesity, either in elder group or younger group of multiracial ethnics that are believed to be associated with genetic factor that plays important role in the pathogenesis of obesity. The very first gene to be associated with obesity is fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene with the involvement from many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the first intron of FTO. Early detection of obesity-related SNPs is very crucial in the effort of reducing obesity rate which is expected to increase by 2025.This has led to the urge of developing a method to detect individual with predisposing factors towards obesity, with the hope that this method will eventually helpful in assisting healthcare authorities to rapidly detect individual who are at high risk of being obese. Multiplex PCR-RFLP is a method for rapid detection of obesity-related SNPs using gene sequence amplifying technique and optimization done using gradient PCR technique. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the potential of multiplex PCR-RFLP to amplify FTO genetic variants. Materials and methods: A total of 14 UniSZA students were recruited to obtain 2 ml of peripheral whole blood for DNA extraction. Single gradient PCR dan multiplex PCR were employed to determine the optimum annealing temperature for all assigned FTO SNPs as rs9939609, rs1421085 and rs17817288. The PCR products were run on 1% of agarose gel electrophoresis and visualized under UV Gel doc Image Analyzer. These PCR products were introduced to restriction enzymes for the cutting site on genetic variation namely Bfal, HpyCH4V, HpyCH4IV for rs9939609, rs1421085 and rs17817288, respectively. Next, the PCR fragments were identified on 2% agarose gel electrophoresis under UV Gel Doc Image Analyzer. Results: The optimum annealing temperature to amplify all FTO SNPs obtained through gradient PCR was 60°C. The amplification of FTO rs9939609, rs17817288 and rs1421085 regions, showed specific size product of 151 bp, 140 bp, and 131 bp respectively. In RFLP, the fragments after restriction enzyme digestion produced homozygous wild type, heterozygous and homozygous mutant type for genotype characterization based on allele cut site by specific restriction enzyme namely BfaI, HpyCG4IV and HpyCH4V, respectively. Conclusion: This study may become preliminary data on the potential of multiplex PCR-RFLP in provide rapid diagnosis to amplify multiple FTO genetic variants.
Bone Tumour Sterilization Using Pasteurization for Autologous Bone Reconstruction
Authors: Nik Abdul Adel Nik Alyani
Published: January 2024

Primary bone malignancies have incidence of 0.2% among all malignant tumours and 15% in all primary tumours. The commonest primary bone malignancy is osteosarcoma which the frequency had increased by 0.3% yearly over the last decade. Improvement in treatment of bone sarcoma by multidisplinary protocols involving diagnostic imaging, chemotherapy and surgical technique has improved the survival rate from 20% to 80%, hence paradigm of treatment shifted from amputation to limb preserving surgery. Bone reconstruction techniques varies from prosthetic replacement, allograft and bone autograft method. Bone autograft method needed sterilizing technique to devitalised tumour cells and pasteurization is a good option in maintaining its biomorphogenic properties when heated to 60°C -70°C for 30-40 minutes. This article will be discussing on histopathology findings, biomechanical outcome and clinical outcome of bone reconstruction using pasteurized autograft bone method. The advantages of pasteurization include less risk of disease transmission, no risk of allogenic immunogenicity, readily available, simple, less expensive and satisfactory bone remodelling. However, in certain cases it also shows deteriorating outcome in long term follow up due to issues with graft fracture, infection and resorption.
The Relationship Between Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (NKAP), Self-Efficacy of Healthy Eating with Body Mass Index (BMI) Status Among Undergraduate Students in USM Kubang Kerian, Kelantan: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yusni Adriana , Vanoh Divya , Mohd Salleh Nur Syakirah Arissa
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Healthy eating is an approach to prevent obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to determine the level of nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice (NKAP), level of self-efficacy of healthy eating, and their relationship with body mass index (BMI) among undergraduate students in USM Kubang Kerian, Kelantan.Study Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 107 undergraduate students aged 19 to 28 years old, selected using convenience sampling in USM Kubang Kerian, Kelantan from August 2021 until October 2021. A self-administered questionnaire including the KAP questionnaire and self-efficacy of the healthy eating scale was distributed to the participants via Google Form. Findings: The prevalence of good knowledge was 95.3%, good attitude was 79.4% but good practice was only 36.4%. Overall, the prevalence of nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice (NKAP) was good at 82.2%. The total median score of self-efficacies in healthy eating was 28.0 (7.0). A significant association was found between the availability of healthy and unhealthy foods with practice (p=0.012, p=0.019). Moreover, a significant association was found between age and awareness of the Malaysian Food Pyramid with NKAP (p=0.039, p=0.005 respectively). Hence, a significant association was found between NKAP and self-efficacy of healthy eating (p=0.008). However, the present study revealed that there was no significant association between NKAP with BMI, and self-efficacy of healthy eating with BMI (p=0.541, p=0.064).Conclusion: We found that having good nutrition knowledge and attitude alone was insufficient for the changes in individuals' healthy eating practices as most university students had suboptimal eating behaviour in their daily lifestyle. Therefore, strategies were needed to practice good and healthy eating among university students.
The Preparation and In-vitro Evaluation of Sustained Release Capsules of Rivastigmine Tartrate
Authors: Dr. P Perumal
Published: January 2024

Rivastigmine tartrate is a cholinesterase inhibitor, used in the treatment of dementia associated with Parkinson’s disease and it is currently available in a capsule form. Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) is the most important hydrophilic carrier material used for the preparation of oral controlled drug delivery systems due to its high swellability and its significant effect on the release kinetics of an incorporated drug. The present study was designed to prepare sustained release granules of Rivastigmine tartrate by using HPMC as matrix former, Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) as diluent and Magnesium Stearate as lubricant. Blend of Eudragit co-polymers on different ratio was used to coat the granules. The drug-excipient compatibility studies were carried out by using FT-IR, DSC and XRPD analysis. The results shown that there was no significant interaction between the drug and excipients. Granules were prepared by wet granulation method. The granules were subjected to physico-chemical, drug content and in-vitro drug release studies. The best fit release kinetics was achieved with Higuchi equations followed by first order kinetics from the above results it was concluded that extended release granules of Rivastigmine tartrate can be prepared by using HPMC and also found that coating of granules with Eudragit co-polymers also effective to extend the release of drug.
Nanoparticles based Cancer Therapeutics: Recent Practices
Authors: Zahid Eiman
Published: January 2024

Despite of the advancements in treating cancer, it is yet one of the dominant causes of death worldwide. The current therapies are either incapable against certain cancers or impeding to the patients, which diminishes their personal satisfaction. The utilization of nanoparticles in cancer treatment might possibly increment patient endurance, decrease secondary effects and diminish death rates. The fundamental constraint of current therapeutics is an absence of explicitness in conveyance as they target normal cells too. The advancement of nanoscale carriers can possibly defeat both fundamental and growth hindrances as well as give explicit, designated conveyance. This study also aims to focus on the therapeutic strategies in which different types of nanoparticles have been discussed comprehensively. Moreover, cancer nanomedicines have also been addressed in the end to highlight some more possible therapeutic measures.
Digital Visual Literacy: Penggunaan Digital Book Creator Sebagai Media Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Bahasa Arab (Maharah Kalam) Terhadap Mahasiswa di Lingkungan Pendidikan Tinggi
Authors: Wachidah Hajar Nurma
Published: January 2024

Digital visual literacy merupakan komponen terpenting dalam pembelajaran era digital, dimana  zaman semakin maju hingga peserta didik dituntut agar mampu menghadapi perkembangan masa depan yang serba digital terlebih pada pembelajaran bahasa arab ianya penting untuk dikuasai sebagai alat komunikasi antar negara, paparan tersebut bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar maharah kalam melalui digital book creator dan visual communication platform berbentuk video animasi plotagon  yang lebih komprehensif untuk diterapkan dalam ruang lingkup Pendidikan Islam. Dengan metode pengembangan ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) dan pendekatan connectiviseme sebagai perspektif baru yang melibatkan jaringan dan kerangka kerja dalam pembelajaran hybrid learning. Teknik pengambilan data berupa angket yang meliputi komponen materi, tampilan, dan pengoperasian/penggunaan. Dari uji kelayakan media digital book creator dan video animasi plotagon oleh ahli media didapatkan persentase sebesar 89,2% dengan kategori sangat layak, uji ahli materi didapatkan persentase sebesar 92,8% dengan kategori sangat layak. Kemudian media pembelajaran tersebut diujicobakan secara luas (lapangan) kepada 28 mahasiswa dengan mendapatkan persentase sebesar 82,12% dalam kategori sangat layak. Rata-rata dari hasil uji ahli dan uji coba tersebut di atas didapatkan hasil persentase sebesar 86,9% bermakna pengembangan bahan ajar book creator berdampak signifikan terhadap pembelajaran maharah kalam. Selain itu dilaksanakan Forum Group Discussion yang menghasilkan sharing dan coaching terhadap mahasiswa yang memiliki kemahiran bidang maharah kalam. ianya sangat interest dan lebih mudah memahami pembelajaran bahasa arab secara profesional dan menarik khususnya maharah kalam.
Problematika Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Pada Aspek Keterampilan Mendengar dan Berbicara di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Serta Solusinya
Authors: Fauzi Safran
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa problematika istima’ dan kalam yang dihadapi oleh peserta didik MTs Minhajul Haq dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dari aspek istima’ (menyimak) dan kalam (berbicara) baik dalam perencanaan pembelajaran, pelaksanaan pembelajaran, dan hasil pembelajaran. Permasalahan tersebut dibahas melalui studi lapangan yang dilaksanakan di MTs Minhajul Haq Purwakarta. Data-data dalam studi ini diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi yang dianalisis oleh peneliti menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa permasalahan yang lebih dominan dalam  pembelajaran istima’ (menyimak) dan kalam (berbicara) yang dihadapi peserta didik berkaitan dengan linguistik (kebahasaan) yaitu kesulitan dalam mengenali bunyi (fonem) dari huruf yang berbahasa Arab dan ini terlihat dari kesalahan di dalam pengucapan huruf yang tidak sesuai dengan makhraj yang benar, kesulitan pengucapan suara yang didengar, tidak membedakan antara harokat yang panjang dan yang pendek ketika mendengar sehingga terlihat kesalahan tersebut ketika berbicara, terlebih lagi ketika mendengarkan suara yang cepat, siswa masih membutuhkan membaca materi yang ada di buku ajar atau di papan tulis ketika mengucapkan suara yang didengar belum mencapai istima’ hurr (bebas), di mana siswa mampu mengucapkan suara tanpa harus membaca. Banyak siswa yang salah dalam pengucapan dengan mengganti huruf mengurangi atau menambah huruf, tidak mengucapkan tertib atau intonasinya tidak tepat. Sedangkan permasalahan yang lebih dominan dalam pembelajaran istima’ (menyimak) dan kalam (berbicara) yang dihadapi peserta didik berkaitan dengan non-linguistik (non kebahasaan) adalah motivasi belajar peserta didik yang kurang, sehingga menghasilkan asumsi bahwa bahasa arab adalah bahasa asing yang susah untuk dipelajari.
PENERAPAN PEMBELIAN TANAH DALAM RANGKA PENGADAAN TANAH UNTUK BANDARA
Authors: Nurdaiman Taqiy , Al-Ansori Huzaimah , Wachid Hasyim Moch
Published: January 2024

The application of land purchase/procurement in the context of land acquisition for the public interest of the airport whose land object is still in the effort to transfer rights to the PPJB stage needs to be studied. The formulation of the problem in this study, how is the process of purchasing land in the context of land acquisition for the public interest of the airport based on PP No. 19 of 2021, and what is the ownership status and legal protection for landowners who have been purchased by speculators up to the PPJB stage before the letter of determination of the location of land acquisition is issued by the government. The purpose of this study is to further examine the application of PP No. 19 of 2021 as a legal basis in land acquisition for development for the public interest of airports, and the suitability of its application with existing norms and positive laws in guaranteeing the rights of entitled landowners. The method used in this research is normative juridical with a statutory approach. The result of this research is that PP No.19 of 2021 has improved the previous law, it's just that there is no limit to the rules regarding eligibility standards regarding agencies to be able to apply for land acquisition, and the laying of location determinations which results in restrictions on the transfer of rights that are less effective, as well as the unclear application of article 139 so that the author concludes that this PP is still immature. Meanwhile, regarding the protection and ownership status of HAT on the right owner, adhering to the legal force of the PPJB which has the status of an underhand deed, the land rights remain with the seller, while the legal protection of the legal actions carried out, namely by making a new agreement as mandated in article 1233 of the Civil Code.

Keywords: Land Procurement, Land Purchase, Speculators.
KAJIAN HUKUM TERHADAP PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA MEREK PADA POLO BY RALP LAUREN (Studi putusan No 83/Pdt.Sus-HKI/Merek2022/PN Niaga Jkt.Pst)
Authors: Aula Rifaldi Risqi , Asi Islami Trinah , Pratanto Rahayu Wedi
Published: January 2024

Settlement of disputes over the Polo by Ralph Laurem brand according to the commercial court decision no 83/pdt.sus- HKI/Merek2022//PN NiagaJkt.Pst. In this decision, the panel of judges stated that the plaintiff was the holder of the Polo by Ralph Lauren brand under list number 173934. Based on the decision it was proven that the defendant knew that the plaintiff was the owner of the trademark rights but the defendant ignored this fact and filed an application for brands in bad faith, namely by imitating the Plaintiff's Polo by Ralph Lauren brand. That based on the facts in the decision the defendant did not know. This type of research is normative juridical using secondary data as the main research data. The data were obtained from the Law on Trademarks and the decision of the Central Jakarta Commercial Court regarding the brand restriction and supplemented with secondary data in the form of books and articles with similar discussions. The data were collected using library techniques by reviewing the findings, analyzing and interpreting them based on the prepared theory. Data processing is done in a deductive way through propositions and theories that are general in nature led to specific facts so that they become a description that can be more easily understood. Court decision No 83/pdt.sus-HKI/Merek2022//PN NiagaJkt.Pst.. Established that the Central Jakarta Commercial Court In this decision, the panel of judges stated that the plaintiff was the holder of the Polo by Ralph Lauren trademark under register number 173934.

Keywords : tradermark, Court decision, Polo by Ralp Lauren
Sosyal Medyada Kutsalın Profan Şekilde Sorgulanması
Authors: Yalvaç Arıcı Handan
Published: January 2024

Yeni medya araçları bireylere içerik üretme ve bu içerikleri paylaşabilme imkânı tanımaktadır. Dünyanın her yerinden paylaşılan görsel, ses dosyası, video olmak üzere birçok içerik ortak bir dil ve ortak bir kültür oluşturmaktadır. Dijital kültür bireylerin hayat anlayışlarının ve tarzlarının değişip dönüşmesine neden olmaktadır. Dijital dil ve kültür geleneksel dil ve kültürden farklı olarak özel alan ya da kamusal alan, ahlaki ya da gayri ahlaki, edebi ya da gayri edebi olmasına bakılmaksızın her türlü söylemin normal olarak değerlendirilmesidir. Her türlü ifadenin kabul gördüğü mecralarda kutsala yönelik söylemlerin de profan bir şekle büründüğü görülmektedir. Allah, Hz. Peygamber, Kur’an ve ibadetler hakkındaki sorgulama tarzı konuyu araştırmaktan ve anlamaya çalışmaktan daha çok değersiz ve sıradan kılmaya yönelik bir eylem olarak yansımaktadır. “Allah narsis olduğu için mi yarattığı insanlardan kendisine kulluk yapmalarını istiyor?”, “Muhammed Hatice hayattayken onun zenginliğinden ve prestijinden yararlanmak içi mi başka bir kadınla evlenmedi?”, “Kur’an’daki emir ve yasaklar insan özgürlüğüne aykırı değil mi?”, “5 vakit namaz kılmak spor yapmak gibi bir ritüel değil midir?” gibi sorular ergen ve gençleri sorgulamalarına değil kutsalı ve kutsala ait olanları değersiz görmelerine neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma nitel bir durum çalışması olarak tasarlanmış, Youtube, Instagram gibi sosyal medya platformlarında kutsalın profanlaştırılmasının ergen ve gençlerin din anlayışlarını olumsuz şekilde etkilediği gösterilmekte, bu konuda yapılabilecek eylemlerle ilgili önerilerde bulunulmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Din Eğitimi, Sosyal medya, Kutsal, Profan, Gençler, Din Anlayışı.
Ed. Ayhan Öz, Erken Çocuklukta Ahlak ve Değer Eğitimi, Nobel Yayıncılık, 2022, Ankara, 259 sayfa, ISBN: 978-625-417-805-4
Authors: Büber Ahsen
Published: January 2024

Ed. Ayhan Öz, Erken Çocuklukta Ahlak ve Değer Eğitimi, Nobel Yayıncılık, 2022, Ankara, 259 sayfa, ISBN: 978-625-417-805-4
Bayramali Nazıroğlu, Din Eğitimini Yeniden Düşünmek, İlahiyat Kitap, 2022, Ankara, 144 sayfa, ISBN: 9786258301885
Authors: Özekin Ayşe Sena
Published: January 2024

Bayramali Nazıroğlu, Din Eğitimini Yeniden Düşünmek, İlahiyat Kitap, 2022, Ankara, 144 sayfa, ISBN: 9786258301885
النظام الموحد أم المرونة
Authors: علي خليفة
Published: January 2024

النظام الموحد أم المرونة
تحديد الايرادات
Authors: دميان فوزي
Published: January 2024

تحديد الايرادات
ملخص لمقالة بعض الاتجاهات في دراسة السياسة الدولية
Authors: محمد علي
Published: January 2024

ملخص لمقالة بعض الاتجاهات في دراسة السياسة الدولية
REAL ESTATE INDUSTRIAL BANK
Authors: Almahdwi Mohammed
Published: January 2024

REAL ESTATE INDUSTRIAL BANK
SOME APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL POLITICS
Authors: Mohammed Ali
Published: January 2024

SOME APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF INTERNATIONAL POLITICS
استخدام العينات في المراجعة
Authors: ضو د. خليفة
Published: January 2024

تمثل القوائم المالية خلاصة العمليات التي قامت بها المنشأة خلال السنة ومن واجب المراجع أن يتأكد من أن الأرقام والمعلومات المدرجة في هذه القوائم تعبر فعلا وبصدق عن نتيجة أعمال المنشأة ومركزها المالي . 
          وقد جرت عادة المراجعين قديما على مراجعة جميع عمليات المنشأة 100% قبل إصدارهم لشهادتهم بأن القوائم المالية تعبر بصدق عن نتيجة أعمال المنشأة ومركزها المالي. غير أن نشاط المنشآت بدأ يزداد وحجم عملیاتها بدأ يتضخم بشكل كبير وأصبح من غير المعقول عمليا ولا اقتصاديا القيام بمراجعة جميع العمليات 100% . لهذا اضطر المراجعون الاكتفاء بمراجعة جزء فقط من عمليات المنشأة وأصبح هذا الإجراء أمرا ضروريا ومعترفاً به من قبل المشرفين على مهنة المحاسبة في الدول المتقدمة، وقد صرح بذلك معهد المحاسبة الأمريكي American Institute of Certified Public Accountants  منذ سنة 1950 حي ثقال : « في كثير من عمليات المراجعة نجد أن مراجعة جميع المعاملات ليس فقط أمر مكلف اقتصاديا، بل من غير الضروري . ويستطيع المراجع أن يكون راية بفحص السجلات ومراجعة بعض المعاملات فقط.
اتجاهات السكان في ليبيا
Authors: ستانبولیس د.انتوني
Published: January 2024

أصدرت في هذا العام مصلحة الإحصاء والتعداد التابعة لوزارة الاقتصا 

الوطني الليبية كتابا يتضمن نتائج تعداد السكان الذي اجري في عام 1964 . 

ومنها يمكن استنتاج بعض الملاحظات عن التغيرات السكانية التي حدثت 

في ليبيا منذ التعداد الأسبق الذي اجري في عام 1954
العجز في قطاع الإسكان في ليبيا : أسباب الفشل والحلول خلال الفترة 1970 - 2010
Authors: الشيباني جمال
Published: January 2024

تتناول هذه الورقة مشكلة العجز السكني في ليبيا بشكل عام ، والتي ظهرت منذ بداية الثمانينيات في القرن الماضي ، وذلك بعد طفرة عظيمة في عقد السبعينيات ، حيث حاولت السلطات في وضع خطة ثلاثية لبناء ستون ألف وحدة سكنية بالمقدرات والقدرات المحلية ، غير أن هذه الخطة لم تنفذ في الموعد المحدد ، ومددت المدة لخمس سنوات ولم تنجز، كما تطرقت الورقة لوضع قطاع الإسكان في ليبيا خلال الفترة 1970-2010م والمشاكل التي أدت إلى العجز وتنتهي إلى بعض التوصيات لحل مشكلة العجز في قطاع الإسكان في ليبيا.
تضمين أدوات تعليم أخلاقيات المهنة في مناهج التعليم المحاسبي في ليبيا
Authors: بالخير د. إبراهيم  أحمد , النعاس أ. إبراهيم أحمد
Published: January 2024

إن تطوير التعليم المحاسبي هو جهد مستمر لتعزيز وصيانة مهنة المحاسبة، ومن ضمن هذا الجهد تعزيز أخلاقيات المحاسب المهني للارتقاء بمهنة المحاسبة إلى توقعات أصحاب المصلحة من خدمات المحاسبة. يقدم هذا البحث مساهمة في هذا الاتجاه، وذلك من خلال تضمين تعليم أخلاقيات المهنة في مناهج التعليم المحاسبي. هذا التضمين للتعليم الأخلاقي منبثق عن مطالبات الاتحاد الدولي للمحاسبين لأعضاء الاتحاد بتبني التعليم الأخلاقي كعنصر أساسي في مناهج التعليم المحاسبي، حيث تم الاستعانة بإطار التعليم الأخلاقي الصادر عن مجلس المعايير الدولية للتعليم المحاسبي(IFAC, 2006) (IAESB)، ذلك في محاولة اقتراح إضافة محتوى تعليم أخلاقيات المهنة في مناهج التعليم المحاسبي في ليبيا. في سبيل ذلك فقد تم تجميع بيانات عن المواد (المقررات) في أقسام المحاسبة في الجامعات والكليات والمعاهد العليا الليبية التي تقدم برامج التعليم المحاسبي، وتبيّن من خلال هذه البيانات عدم وجود محتوى التعليم الأخلاقي في المؤسسات التعليمية الليبية. انتهى البحث بالتوصية بضرورة تضمين تعليم أخلاقيات المهنة من خلال العمل على طرح المقترح على أقسام المحاسبة في الجامعات والمعاهد الليبية لتداوله بالدراسة والمناقشة.
عرض كتاب (التغيرات البيئية "جغرافية الزمن الرابع") تأليف : اندرو . س . جودي
Authors: عبدالله لامه محمد
Published: January 2024

بعد هذا الكتاب مرجعا هاما في كثير من الأمور التي تتعلق بجغرافية الزمن الرابع ، الأسباب كثيرة يأتي في مقدمتها سهولة الأسلوب ورشاقة العرض ، وهذا ما يتميز به مؤلفه أندرو جودي الذي يشغل حاليا رئيس قسم الجغرافيا بجامعة أكسفورد بإنجلترا ، ثم غزارة المعلومات والمعالجات التي يحويها الكتاب ويعرضها بأمانة واضحة ، كما يحوي عددا كبيرا من الرسوم التوضيحية التي تعين القارئ على تفهم الكثير من الآراء وهي في نفس الوقت تعتبر جزءا أساسيا من الكتاب ، واتبع المؤلف أسلوبه مفيدة جدا في ذكر المراجع حيث عرضها في أسلوب توضيحي نقدي لمحتواها ، ولم يكتف بذكر عناوينها فقط كما هو متبع في معظم الكتب العلمية ، بل فوق كل هذا وذاك فقد عرض الموضوعات كثر حولها الجدل في السنوات الأخيرة وخلت منها مكتبتنا العربية بل مناهجنا الدراسية وموضوعاتنا البحثية..
Oral Cancer Knowledge, Practices, and Attitudes: A Survey of Libyan Dentists
Authors: Areej El-Sallak  , Werfalli Sumeia , Gaber Amal , Shukree Manal
Published: January 2024

Dentists play an important role in early detection of oral cancerous lesions. several studies indicate that dentists lack knowledge in oral cancer etiology and diagnosis. Role in the control studies assessing dentists' oral cancer awareness in Libya are lacking.
Objectives: This study examined the oral cancer awareness and practice among dentists in Libya.
Materials and methods: : Administered questionnaires were distributed on dentists working in private and public clinics in the city of Benghazi. Participants’ responses to the questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics.
Results: Three hundred dentists returned completed questionnaires; 237 (79%) females and 63 (21%) males and most of them were under 40 years old 227 (75.7%). Although most dentists were knowledgeable about the most common site, type, and screening method of oral cancer, only about half of the dentists were aware of tobacco as the main risk factor and biopsy as the most proper diagnostic technique for oral cancer. Despite that 86% of the dentists reported that they perform mucosal examination as part of their routine dental examination, about half of the dentists reported lack of confidence in detecting oral cancer and most dentists expressed need for further education and training in this area.
Conclusion: Overall, this study highlighted the importance of introducing continuous education and training programs to dentists which could increase oral cancer prevention and survival rates among oral cancer patients.
El Mercado Laboral y Desarrollo del Capital Humano
Authors: Sokol José Benjamín
Published: January 2024

El crecimiento económico de hoy depende de la acumulación del capital humano.  Los países que estimulan inversiones en activos productivos logran mayores tasas de incremento en su producción, siendo importante entre estos el incremento del capital humano acumulado por la educación. Es grave el peligro de una segmentación social entre quienes se incorporan capacitados a la nueva sociedad tecnológicamente avanzada y quienes quedan excluidos y por lo tanto marginados del incremento global de los beneficios de la productividad.  Esta segmentación laboral amplia la brecha de remuneraciones entre personal calificado y no calificado, a la vez que empeora las desigualdades de ingreso. En el corto plazo el mercado laboral en Panamá señala perspectivas limitadas que beneficien a la mano de obra de bajos ingresos, trabajadores semicualificados, obreros de la construcción y otros, que no cuentan con la opción y adiestramiento del teletrabajo, trabajo en plataformas digitales, y la posibilidad de ingresar a actividades de mayor productividad. Este se encuentra traumatizado por los impactos de la pandemia y los desequilibrios estructurales prevalecientes.  En estos resaltan aquellos que surgen del desarrollo de la informalidad. Un camino queda por trazarse para dichas reestructuraciones que asegure la sostenibilidad incentivando la participación del sector privado. ¿Qué impacto podría tener esto en Panamá como centro de servicios financieros y qué pasos habrían de considerarse para asegurar que el país esté adecuadamente preparado para jugar un papel que proteja su desarrollo en un mundo crecientemente multipolar con potenciales conflictos geopolíticos?  Requerimos desarrollar una mentalidad de “país negocio global”. En resumen, las disrupciones en el contexto global probablemente tendrán efectos en algunos elementos de la estructura, forma de desarrollo, y gestión que posiblemente merecería una consideración explícita en las deliberaciones, análisis y planeamientos futuros.
De los agronegocios a la agroecología y la transición hacia un sistema alimentario sostenible en Panamá
Authors: Borsari Bruno
Published: January 2024

La agricultura juega un papel primario en la economía de Panamá. El país cuenta con una variedad de empresas agropecuarias, con sistemas de producción ganadera (leche y carne), porcina, avícola, acuícola, además de plantaciones de arroz, café, banano, teca y piña. Se han producido cambios masivos en el uso de la tierra en unas pocas décadas debido también a la gran expansión de la agricultura en Panamá. Por ejemplo, aunque el 25% del país (1,8 millones de ha.) se considera apto para la agricultura, en el 2017 se estimó que se cultivaban 2,9 millones de ha., legitimándose esta intensificación agrícola por el crecimiento demográfico, que a una tasa del 1,4% anual, ha estado estimulando el consumo y la demanda de alimentos. La agricultura industrial lidera la agricultura de Panamá, sin embargo, este modo de producción ha intensificado el uso de agroquímicos que han deteriorado los recursos de la tierra y el agua, causando contaminación adicional, sedimentación y erosión del suelo. El cambio climático y la falta de regulaciones sobre el uso de la tierra que deberían proteger la biodiversidad y la agricultura familiar constituyen fuentes graves de inestabilidad que, paradójicamente, afectan la seguridad alimentaria interna. Este trabajo revisó los cambios que han ocurrido en el paisaje de Panamá y sus recursos naturales, en las últimas tres décadas. Los costos ambientales para mantener la competitividad agrícola en el mercado global continúan deteriorando la ecología del país. Sin embargo, son notables los intentos de instaurar la agroecología y otros modelos de agricultura sostenible, en un intento de evitar los impactos causados por una intensificación de la agricultura. Aunque estos esfuerzos siguen siendo limitados, demuestran un interés creciente por la agroecología por parte de los agricultores y una comprensión por querer lograr un mejor equilibrio entre la agricultura, la soberanía alimentaria y la calidad de vida. También se consideraron las políticas y los incentivos gubernamentales para ayudar a los terratenientes que operan una transición hacia la agroecología y las implicaciones para la reforma educativa en las ciencias agrícolas, para resaltar la complejidad de desarrollar un sistema alimentario sostenible en Panamá.
Ihanasta metsästä äkäiseen mehiläisparveen: nykysoittotekniikoita sisältävän uuden pedagogisen musiikin säveltäminen
Authors: Leinonen Minna
Published: January 2024

Artikkelin tehtävänä on pohtia, kuinka nykysoittotekniikoilla ja niiden notaatiolla voi kommunikoida vasta-alkajien kanssa, joilla yleensä ei ole kokemusta nykysoittotekniikoiden ilmaisusta ja nuotinnuksesta. Sävelsin saksofoniteokseni Piilo (2021) saksofonisti, musiikkipedagogi Kalle Oittisen toiveesta saada uusia teoksia saksofonisteille: ammattimuusikoille ja harrastajille.
Taiteellinen toimintatutkimukseni tarkastelee yksittäistä tapausta: Piilo ja siihen liittyvää prosessia, teoksen nuotinnusta ja interaktiivisia kortteja, jotka kehitin tukemaan nykysoittotekniikoihin tutustumista. 
Välineenä tutkimukseni tavoitteiden saavuttamiseksi toimi vuorovaikutteinen säveltämisprosessi, jossa säveltäjä, muusikko-pedagogi ja soittoharrastajat olivat aktiivisia ja sosiaalisia toimijoita. Projektissa keskeneräinen ja valmis musiikillinen materiaali ja sen nuotinnus toimivat taipuisina kokeilujen, dialogin ja reflektion välineinä. 
Tutkimusaineistona toimivat projektin aikana tekemäni päiväkirjamerkinnät, sähköpostit ja keskustelut Kalle Oittisen kanssa teoksen nykysoittotekniikoista sekä videot neljästä suunnittelemastani työpajasta, joissa saksofonistit tutustuivat sävellyksessäni esiintyviin soittotekniikoihin Piilo-korttien avulla. Poimin artikkeliin työpajoissa tehtyjä huomioita ja tein niistä päätelmiä.
Kielen, kulttuurin ja kognition filosofiaa rationalismista romantiikkaan
Authors: Huttunen Matti
Published: January 2024

Timo Kaitaro’s Language, Culture and Cognition from Descartes to Lewes (Leiden: Brill, 2022) is an ambitious and detailed treatise on the history of the philosophy of language and mind. The book sheds new light on the history of music as well as on the conventional picture of the history of the philosophy of art.
Using improvisation to develop technique and confidence with returning flutists
Authors: Weidenfeller Kathleen
Published: January 2024

In my doctoral research, I devised improvisatory exercises to help an ensemble of returning flutists develop into a working community.
Kajian Kelayakan Rencana Usaha Simpan Pinjam BUMDesa Berdasarkan Aspek Keuangan dan Manajemen (Studi: Desa Sekura, Kecamatan Teluk Keramat)
Authors: Suharman  , Lusiono Eko Febri , Sentiya Novi , Asbeni
Published: January 2024

Pengelolaan aset dan potensi desa menjadi agenda penting yang harus terus dikawal dalam pelaksanaan UU No. 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa. Tujuan dari pengaturan desa dalam bidang ekonomi sebagaimana Pasal 4 UU desa, yaitu: mendorong prakarsa, gerakan, dan partisipasi masyarakat desa untuk pengembangan potensi dan aset desa guna kesejahteraan bersama. Berdasarkan UU Desa, desa dapat menyelenggarakan penyediaan layanan dasar dengan mendirikan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDesa). BUMDesa merupakan badan usaha yang seluruh atau sebagian besar modalnya dimiliki oleh desa melalui penyertaan secara langsung yang berasal dari kekayaan desa yang dipisahkan guna mengelola aset, jasa pelayanan, dan usaha lainnya untuk sebesar-besarnya kesejahteraan masyarakat desa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk Melakukan kajian usaha Simpan Pinjam ditinjau dari aspek Manajemen, aspek keuangan dan menganalisis  feasible atau tidak rencana usaha yang akan dijalankan. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif, jenis dan sumber data adalah data primer dan sekunder, alat analisis yang digunakan berupa kelayakan investasi yaitu Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Payback Period, Profitability Index dan Average Rate of Return. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan sekretaris desa sekura U. Rahmat Wahyudi, SE bahwa berdasarkan data anggota masyarakat yang mengajukan permohonan untuk pembuatan surat keterangan usaha yang sampai pada bulan Agustus 2021 adalah sebanyak 385 orang, menurut sekretaris desa ini merupakan salah satu potensi untuk membuka usaha simpan pinjam sebagai salah satu usaha dari BUMDesa yang akan didirikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa usaha simpan pinjam yang direncanakan dengan umur investasi 10 tahun, Discount Factor 6,5%, target peningkatan pendapatan 20% per tahun, Inflasi 5% pertahun, adalah: Untuk Investasi sebesar Rp.215.000.000,00 hasil analisis kelayakan usahanya adalah: Net Present Value = Rp.-242.273.976,59; Internal Rate of Return (IRR) = -17,81% ; Payback Period    (PP) = >10 tahun dan Profitability Index (PI) = -0,13%; maka dengan jumlah investasi sebesar Rp.215.000.000,00 dan jumlah dana yang akan dijadikan modal kerja untuk simpan pinjam sebesar Rp. 200.000.000,00; adalah tidak layak (Non feasible). Sedangkan, untuk investasi sebesar Rp. 515.000.000,00 hasil analisis kelayakan usahanya adalah: Net Present Value = Rp.395.618.265,21; Internal Rate of Return (IRR) =8,75%; Payback Period (PP) = 7 tahun 8 bulan , Profitability Index (PI) = 1,77; dan Average Rate of Return (ARR) sebesar 53,99% maka dengan jumlah investasi sebesar Rp.515.000.000,00 dan jumlah dana yang akan dijadikan modal kerja untuk simpan pinjam sebesar Rp. 500.000.000,00; adalah  layak (feasible) untuk dijalankan
Effects of Cashback, Flash Sale, and Free Shipping on Impulsive Buying at Shopee Marketplace
Authors: Ervina Gita , Simanjorang Elida FS , Siregar Nurintan Asyiah
Published: January 2024

This research aims to analyze the influence of variable cashback, flash sale, and free shipping on impulsive buying at Shopee marketplace. This study uses a quantitative research method, which uses tools of measurement or application to obtain statistical values. The number of samples in this research is 91. The sample was taken using a non- probability sampling technique, the type of sampling taken was purposive sampling, the sampling technique was to get one that matched the specified criteria. The analysis tool used is SmartPls 4.0 with the Partial Least Square (PLS) method. Based on the results of data analysis the authors conclude that cashback on impulsive buying has a negative and insignificant effect, then H1 rejected. The effect of the flash sale variable on impulsive buying has a positive and not significant effect, then H2 rejected. The free shipping variable has a positive and significant effect on impulsive buying, so H3 accepted.
Terms of debate: Consensus definitions to guide the scientific discourse on visual distraction
Authors: Liesefeld Heinrich R. , Lamy Dominique , Gaspelin Nicholas , Geng Joy J. , Kerzel Dirk , Schall Jeffrey D. , Allen Harriet A. , Anderson Brian A. , Boettcher Sage , Busch Niko A. , Carlisle Nancy B. , Colonius Hans , Draschkow Dejan , Egeth Howard , Leber Andrew B. , Müller Hermann J. , Röer Jan Philipp , Schubö Anna , Slagter Heleen A. , Theeuwes Jan , Wolfe Jeremy
Published: January 2024

Hypothesis-driven research rests on clearly articulated scientific theories. The building blocks for communicating these theories are scientific terms. Obviously, communication – and thus, scientific progress – is hampered if the meaning of these terms varies idiosyncratically across (sub)fields and even across individual researchers within the same subfield. We have formed an international group of experts representing various theoretical stances with the goal to homogenize the use of the terms that are most relevant to fundamental research on visual distraction in visual search. Our discussions revealed striking heterogeneity and we had to invest much time and effort to increase our mutual understanding of each other’s use of central terms, which turned out to be strongly related to our respective theoretical positions. We present the outcomes of these discussions in a glossary and provide some context in several essays. Specifically, we explicate how central terms are used in the distraction literature and consensually sharpen their definitions in order to enable communication across theoretical standpoints. Where applicable, we also explain how the respective constructs can be measured. We believe that this novel type of adversarial collaboration can serve as a model for other fields of psychological research that strive to build a solid groundwork for theorizing and communicating by establishing a common language. For the field of visual distraction, the present paper should facilitate communication across theoretical standpoints and may serve as an introduction and reference text for newcomers.
Analysis of Problems and Solutions in Social Studies Learning at Elementary Schools
Authors: A. Gafar Hidayat  , Tati Haryati
Published: January 2024

The purpose of writing this article is; 1) describe the problems of social studies learning in elementary schools; 2) identify solutions to social studies learning problems in elementary schools. The method used in writing this article is a literature review or literature study, which uses theories and reference approaches that are relevant to the problem topic of writing this article. The steps for analyzing literature studies are; 1) describe the comparison and relevance of references that will be used to examine the topic problem; 2) matrix mapping according to data and reference needs; 3) establish concepts that are contextual to the topic problem, so that they can be linked to each other. Based on the results of the literature study conducted, it is clear that; 1) Social studies learning problems in elementary schools include; the material presented is less contextual to real life, development of problem solving skills is not carried out; textbook-based learning approach; and students' disruptive behavior often occurs in learning; 2) Solutions for handling social studies learning problems include; minimizing abstract material and focusing on issues that develop in everyday life to make it more contextual, selecting appropriate learning strategies and approaches to create meaningful learning for students, and using technology in learning to increase students' attention and concentration to Avoid disruptive behavior during learning.
Analysis of the Strategy for Development of the Thousand Stone Semliro Tourist Attraction in Rahtawu Village
Authors: Muhammad Jodi Prasetiyo  , Mohammad Ilham Zaki Zakaria  , Istiqomatul Mutmainah  , Ananda Siska Khoirunnisa  , Kuswaningsih  , Evi Wahyuningtyas  , Ahmad Fatah
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the strategy for developing the Seribu Batu Semliro tourist attraction in Rahtawu Village. The Thousand Stones Semliro Tourist Attraction is one of the tourist attractions on the slopes of Mount Muria, Kudus Regency, namely in Rahtawu Village. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods with data sources originating from observations, interviews and documentation. The research results show that promotional activities are still lacking and tourist attractions are far from urban areas. The results of the SWOT analysis are as follows: 1) strength, namely the uniqueness of this tourist spot in the highlands of the Kudus area; 2) weakness, namely the factor that the road access to the Seribu Batu Semliro tourist attraction is still not good; 3) opportunity, namely revitalizing the economy of the surrounding community; 4) threats, which are prone to landslides during the rainy season which results in a lack of visitors. From the results of the analysis it can be concluded that the branding strategy is the most appropriate to use for developing the Seribu Batu Semliro tourist attraction.