bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of E-Budgeting Implementation in Planning Budget in Maros Regency
Authors: A'yun Lulu Qurrata , Hartaman Nursaleh
Published: December 2021

Several Regional Governments then implemented E-Budgeting in the preparation of the budget. One region that has implemented E-Budgeting in preparing regional budgets is Maros Regency. The research in this paper was conducted by reviewing literature, articles and using secondary data with documentation from observations via the internet. The data was obtained by monitoring the government website and the application used by the Maros Regency Government in conducting the E-Budgeting process and then conducting a descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that evaluation of the implementation of the E-Budgeting System in Budgeting in Maros Regency can be stated that at this time the electronic-based budgeting system has been implemented well but has not been fully optimal in achieving the results and benefits, this can be seen in 6 (six) criteria in the evaluation, namely effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, and responsiveness.
E-Government-Based Village Fund Allocation Management
Authors: Susanti Eka , Abdi Abdi , Hardi Rudi
Published: December 2021

Information and communication technology development has produced a public service model through E-government. The government issued a policy, namely the formation of Village Fund Allocations (ADD), to manifest financial decentralization towards independent villages. The village has a very strategic role as a government organizational unit that deals directly with the community with all backgrounds, interests, and needs. The purpose of writing this thesis is to find out the E-government-Based Village Fund Allocation Management System in the Village Finance Application (Siskeudes) in Padakkalawa Village, Pinrang Regency. This study used descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques are carried out by direct observation, interviews, and documentation. The theory used in this study is the theory of Arifiyanto and Kurrohman based on four indicators, including planning, implementation, supervision, and reporting/responsibility. The results showed the E-government-Based Village Fund Allocation Management (Study Siskeudes in Padakkalawa Village, Pinrang Regency). In the planning process, Siskeudes obtain data information about the Village Strategic Plan, village RPJM and establish a village development work plan (RKPDes). At the implementation stage, Siskeudes is used for the APBDesa preparation process. For the supervision stage, Siskeudes is used to provide information to supervisors. Moreover, the Siskeudes accountability reporting stage is used to apply the principle of transparency or information disclosed to the public with evidence of the implementation of financial reporting displayed through information boards or accessed through the website.
Tuba Erkoç Baydar, Bu Can Kimin?
Authors: BÜLBÜL Fatma Merve
Published: December 2021

Tuba Erkoç Baydar'ın kaleme almış olduğu "Bu Can Kimin?" adlı eserin tanıtımı yapılmaktadır.
Biyoetik Teriminin Keşfi ve Fritz Jahr’ın Hayatı
Authors: ERKOC BAYDAR Tuba
Published: December 2021

Fritz Jahr ve yazılarının keşfi son otuz yıllık biyoetik tarihinin en ilgi çekici haberlerinden biridir. 1998'den beri yayınlanan birçok makale ya Fritz Jahr'ın 1927 tarihli makalesini ele alır ya da en azından onun adından söz eder. Zira Jahr’ın 1927 tarihinde kaleme aldığı “Biyo-Etik” isimli makalesi, sanılanın aksine biyoetik teriminin mucidinin Van Rensselaer Potter değil, Jahr olduğunu göstermiştir. Potter’den yaklaşık olarak kırk dört yıl önce biyoetik terimini kullanan Jahr, hem terimi icat etmesi hem de biyoetiğe evrensel bir şekilde yaklaşması nedeniyle önemli bir isimdir. Son yıllarda İngilizcede birçok çalışma yapılmasına rağmen, bu konu Türkçe literatürde henüz yeterli düzeyde ilgi görmemiştir. Bu nedenle makalemizde Fritz Jahr’ın hayatı ve biyoetik tarihi için oldukça önemli olan yazıları ele alınacaktır. Öncelikle biyoetik teriminin keşfedilme serüveni üzerinde durulacak daha sonra ise Fritz Jahr’ın hayatı ve eserlerine değinilecektir. Jahr’ın hayatını konu alan ilk Türkçe yazı olan makalemiz meseleyi deskriptif bir şekilde ele alsa da literatüre katkı sunmayı hedeflemektedir.
Aşı Karşıtı Tutumların Sosyokültürel ve Dinî Boyutları
Authors: DEMİR Talip
Published: December 2021

Hastalıklarla mücadele noktasında tıbbın geliştirdiği en önemli araçlardan biri de aşılamadır. Bu uygulama sayesinde insanlar, daha hastalığa yakalanmadan korunma imkanına kavuşmuş ve böylelikle birçok kişinin hayatı kurtarılabilmiştir. Ne var ki 19. yüzyılın başlarında, ilk aşıların üretilip kitlesel aşılamaya başlanmasından itibaren bu uygulamaya karşı bazı itirazlar dile getirilmiş, bu bağlamda aşı karşıtı tutumları (aşılara yönelik güvensizlik, tereddüt, reddetme) benimseyen sivil toplum örgütleri kurulmuştur. Takip eden yüzyılda da zaman zaman gündeme gelen bu karşıtlık, gelinen noktada dünyanın hemen her ülkesine yayılarak Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından küresel bir sağlık tehdidi olarak ilan edilmiştir. Bu nedenle söz konusu olguyu tanımlamak, tasvir etmek ve bu tür bir olgunun ortaya çıkmasında etkili olan faktörleri belirlemek önem arz etmektedir. Aşı karşıtı tutumların ortaya çıkmasını ve yaygınlık kazanmasını etkileyen çok sayıda bireysel, toplumsal ve tarihsel faktör vardır. Başka bir ifadeyle söz konusu olgunun içeriği çok boyutlu bir görünüm arz etmektedir. Çalışmamız konuyu toplumsal boyutlarıyla ele almış ve çalışmada aşıya karşı olumsuz tutumların arkasında yatan sosyokültürel ve dinî faktörlerin ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir. Bu bağlamda söz konusu tutumların ortaya çıkmasında sağlık kurumlarına ve aşı üreticilerine güvenmeme, aşıların içeriğinde dinen sakıncalı ürünlerin bulunması, yaşamın tıbbîleştirilmesi ve Batı medeniyetine yönelik reaksiyon gibi unsurların rol oynadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
“YEDEK SUBAY ÖĞRETMEN” UYGULAMASINDA AHMET SAY VE GÖRİZ KÖYÜ (BİNGÖL) ÖRNEĞİ (1960-63)
Authors: ÇAPARLAR Ahmet
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışma, 27 Mayıs 1960 Darbesi’nden sonra Milli Birlik Komitesi tarafından hayata geçirilen ve Anadolu’nun kırsal bölgelerindeki öğretmensiz köylerde tatbik edilen yedek subay öğretmen uygulamasının Bingöl’e bağlı Çevrimpınar (Görüz) Köyü’ndeki örneğini ele almaktadır. “Yedek Subay Öğretmen” uygulaması çerçevesinde Bingöl’e tayin edilen Ahmet Say, şehre ulaştıktan sonra dönemin valisi Kemalettin Gazezoğlu tarafından Çevrimpınar Köyü’nde görev yapması için vazifelendirilmiştir.

Çevrimpınar Köyü’ndeki görev yerine ulaşan Ahmet Say, henüz okulu olmayan ve neredeyse Türkçe konuşmayı dahi bilmeyen bir öğrenci kitlesi ile karşılaşmıştır. Köyün ileri gelenlerinden Mehmet Şerif Çalbay ile tanışan Say, onun kendisine tahsis ettiği köy odasında ikamet etmeye başlamıştır. Ardından köy ahalisinin ortak kararı ve katkısıyla yıkık dökük bir oda tamir edilerek öğrencilerin eğitim alacağı fiziki koşullar sağlanmıştır. 1960-63 yıllar arasında söz konusu köyde ilkokul eğitimini ilk kez başlatan Ahmet Say, sadece öğrencilere değil yetişkinlere de yönelik el sanatları, tiyatro ve sinema gibi eğitsel alanlarda da faaliyetler düzenlemiştir. Öğretmen Say, Çevrimpınar (Görüz)’da öğretmenlik yaptığı süreci ve 1960’lı yıllarda Bingöl ile ilgili gözlemlerini kaleme almayı ihmal etmeyip, sonraki yıllarda yayımlamıştır.
Makroekonomik Değişkenlerin Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar Üzerine Etkisi: Türkiye Ekonomisi Açısından Değerlendirme
Authors: DEMİR Ayhan , ŞAHİNOĞLU Tuba , ERSUNGUR Ş. Mustafa
Published: December 2021

Çalışmada makroekonomik değişkenlerden ekonomik büyüme, ithalat, ihracat, cari açık, enflasyon ve işsizliğin doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar üzerindeki etkileri 1980-2020 dönemi için Eşbütünleşme ve Granger Nedensellik Testi kullanılarak ele alınmıştır. Analiz sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara göre, çalışma kapsamında seçilen makroekonomik değişkenlerden enflasyon ile doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar arasında uzun dönemde çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer yandan ekonomik büyümeden doğrudan yabancı yatırımlara doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik söz konusudur. Etki-Tepki Analizi sonucunda da benzer bulgular elde edilmiştir.
HASTANELERİN ÇOCUK GELİŞİMİ BİRİMLERİNE YÖNLENDİRİLEN EN SIK BAŞVURU NEDENLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: TOKER Fatma , FEYMAN GÖK Nihan
Published: December 2021

Bireyin gelişimi doğum öncesinden başlar ve yaşam boyu devam eder. Çocuk gelişimi bilimi 0-18 yaş arası tüm gelişim dönemlerini içermektedir. Her gelişim döneminin kendine has özellikleri ve gelişimsel zorlukları vardır. Bu gelişimsel zorlukları erken dönemde tespit etmek ve müdahalede bulunmak çocuğun ilerleyen dönemlerde zorluk yaşamamasını sağlamak veya yaşanacak zorluğu en az düzeye indirgeyebilmek bakımından oldukça önemlidir. Aileler çocuklarında herhangi bir gelişimsel zorluk olduğunu düşündüklerinde sıklıkla sağlık kuruluşlarına başvurmaktadırlar. Hastanelerde gelişimsel değerlendirme, destek ve izlem çalışmaları çocuk gelişimi birimlerinde çocuk gelişimciler tarafından yürütülmektedir. Ayrıca davranış zorlukları, tuvalet eğitimi, yeme ve uyku zorlukları gibi konularda da ailelere danışmanlık hizmetleri verilmektedir. Bu derleme çalışmasında hastanelerin çocuk gelişimi birimlerine yönlendirilen en sık başvuru nedenlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Dört araştırmadan yararlanılarak başvuru nedenleri belirlenmiş, bunlara ilişkin açıklamalar yapılmış ve güncel alan yazın incelenerek sunulmuştur. Yapılan incelemelere göre dil ve konuşma bozuklukları, gelişimsel gecikme/gelişim değerlendirmesi, okula hazırbulunuşluk, yeme sorunu, tuvalet eğitimi ve uyku problemi çocuk gelişimi birimlerine yapılan en sık başvuru nedenleridir.
Turizm ve sakin şehir paradoksu: Seferihisar örneği
Authors: GENÇ Koray
Published: December 2021

Uluslararası Sakin Şehirler Birliğine dâhil olunması, mikro destinasyonların pazarlama faaliyetleri için bir araç olarak görülmektedir ve konumlandırma stratejilerinde önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Ayrıca sakin şehirlere olan ziyaretler bir alternatif turizm şekli olarak artış göstermektedir. Bu destinasyonlarda gerçekleşen turizm hareketliliğinin ideal bir şekilde yönetilememesi ise sakin şehir felsefesi ile çelişir durumları gündeme getirmektedir. Bu noktadan hareketle Türkiye’nin ilk sakin şehri unvanına sahip Seferihisar destinasyonuna ait çeşitli göstergeler üzerinden bir süreç yorumlaması gerçekleştirilmesi amaçlanmış ve çeşitli kuruluşlardan elde edilen veriler metin analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Göstergeler bağlamında, sakin şehirlerde gerçekleşen turizm hareketliliğine yönelik literatürde ifade edilen eleştirileri haklı çıkarır bir sürecin yaşanmaya başladığı ifade edilebilir. Seferihisar’ın sakin şehir ağına dâhil olmasıyla beraber turizm hareketliliğinin kısmen arttığı ve bu nedenle yapılaşma, bölgesel enflasyon, soylulaştırma, nüfus artışı gibi bir sakin şehir için istenmeyen gelişmelerin yaşandığı görülmektedir. Nihai olarak ideal turizm plan ve politikaları ile sürecin kontrol altında tutulması gerekmektedir. Aksi takdirde Seferihisar’ın sakin şehir sempatikliğinin kurbanı olma yolunda ilerlediği yorumunu yapmak mümkündür.
Una guía sobre el arte de perderse
Authors: Matusevich Daniel
Published: December 2021

Reseña bibliográfica del libro: Solnit, Rebecca. Una guía sobre el arte de perderse. Buenos Aires: Fiordo, 2020, 192 págs., por Daniel Matusevich.
Otro Manhattan
Authors: Matusevich Daniel
Published: December 2021

Reseña bibliográfica del libro: Antrim, Donald. Otro Manhattan. San Javier : Chai Editora, 2020.
En el estanque (Diario de un nadador)
Authors: Matusevich Daniel
Published: December 2021

Reseña crítica del libro: En el estanque (Diario de un nadador), de Al Alvarez, Editorial Entropía, 2018.
Personal factors of biological aging in working and non-working respondents in late maturity period
Authors: Zinatullina Azalia Maratovna , Melnik Vadim Pavlovich , Zimina Albina Aleksandrovna
Published: December 2021

The aim was to study the influence of personal factors on the index of individual biological aging in men and women of mature age who continue to work and those who no longer work. The participants were 347 people, including 212 women aged 56-65 years and 111 men aged 61-69 years. Measurement of biological age, relative biological aging index, assessment of subjective psychological age, expected retirement age, life path questionnaire. Biological age was estimated using a formula that included indicators of metabolism, the work of the cardiovascular, respiratory, and balance organ systems; a psychological health questionnaire was also used. The lowest index of relative biological aging was found in people who continued to work part-time. There is a relationship between the index of relative biological aging and one's characteristics. For men, the index was lowered by the following factors: changing the place of residence, continuing to work after retirement, a high indicator of the expected retirement age, and increased by living in a large city. For women, the index was lowered by the following factors: changing the place of residence, continuing to work after retirement, a high indicator of the expected retirement age, higher education, creative hobbies, studying after retirement.
Social determinants of human health
Authors: Rodnyansky Dmitry Vladimirovich , Valeeva Gulnara Faridovna , Abramov Ruslan Agarunovich , Makarov Ivan Nikolaevich
Published: December 2021

The study is devoted to the analysis of social determinants of human health, their quantitative and qualitative aspects. The analysis was carried out according to the authors' methodology, which includes a comparison of the results of the questionnaire (subjective qualitative assessment) and the correlation analysis of social determinants with the life expectancy indicator. The Republic of Tatarstan, a dynamically developing region of the Russian Federation, where life expectancy is much higher compared to other regions (75.03 years in 2019), was chosen as the territorial object of analysis. The study hypothesized that it could be proved that social determinants were the most important component of health, and without them, its formation, maintenance, and strengthening would be impossible. Based on the results of the comprehensive analysis, the hypothesis was confirmed: 1) the qualitative analysis confirmed that the respondents were aware of the impact of social determinants on their health and identified individual indicators: the level of social security, stress, ecology, as well as immediate environment and working conditions; 2) the results of the quantitative analysis made it possible to state that health was affected by the following social determinants: divorce rates, environmental pollution, provision of medical services, construction rates and housing costs.
Changing national health values of Russians
Authors: Fomicheva Tatyana V. , Sulyagina Julia O. , Kiseleva Elena M. , Fomicheva Liliya M. , Kryukova Elena M.
Published: December 2021

The publication is aimed at studying the attitude of middle-aged and older Russians to physical culture and sports. The scope of the results embraces studying the dynamics of perception of physical culture and sports in the minds of middle-aged and older Russians. The research subject is studying the dynamic changes in the system of value consciousness of Russians. The method of obtaining empirical data includes focused online interviews, traditional analysis of documents, including legislative acts of the Russian Federation. Conducting focused online interviews with respondents from Nizhny Novgorod and Volgograd is due to the conditions of self-isolation of Russians during the study period. The result of the study is presented as a description of the specifics of the perception of physical culture and sports by middle-aged and older Russians. The scientific novelty of the publication lies in the author's understanding of the influence of self-isolation on changes in the values of Russians in the perception of physical culture and sports worthiness by middle-aged and older people in Russian regions. During the interviewing online focus groups, respondents' suggestions on how to encourage middle-aged and older Russians to engage in physical culture and sports were revealed.
modern problems and prospects of music formation and art education development during COVID-19
Authors: Martyniv Liubomyr , Sokolova Alla , Kurinna Svitlana , Kopeliuk Oleh , Sediuk Ihor , Khomova Olena
Published: December 2021

This article aims to assess the problems and prospects of the development and formation of music and art education given the impact of the pandemic COVID-19. Methodology. The research formed a model for the creative development of pupils and students of music and art education based on the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Skills for Jobs database. Results. Creativity is shaped by the hands-on activities of students, their music, and art education. Basic creativity skills are best formed through interdisciplinary collaboration toward STEM-education. Research shows that math skills, science, and engineering have a positive effect on students' creativity in hands-on product creation during art courses. Technical skills are important, but they stimulate creativity when students independently decide to use them in a specific, student-defined task. The novelty effect of technology is temporary in creativity stimulation, whereas the student's independent decision to use specific technical skills accordingly to a self-defined problem and task stimulates creativity in the long run. COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated long-standing challenges and barriers for arts and music education as well as ways to solve those challenges.
Skin Darkening in COVID-19 Patients: Case Series of Eight Patients in a Hemodialysis Unit.
Authors: Rind Habib Ullah , Iftikhar Nadia , Rehman Fazal ur , Zarkoon Abdul Kareem , Mohkam Syed , Rehman Gulalai, , Baig Umar , Khan Moheudin , Khan Ghulam Muhammad , Ataullah Attaullah
Published: December 2021

The Pandemic of COVID-19 has grasped the whole world and changed dramatically, together with our social, occupational and personal life with high mortality and morbidity with other consequences since December 2019 started from Wuhan and then declared pandemic in March. It has been observed to involve every organ of the body including skin. Various skin manifestations, but most cases reported were like urticarial rash, xanthemas,  chickenpox-like vesicle, vasculitidic type, pressure sores, contact dermatitis and a single case was reported in china with skin darkening. The COVID-19 and cutaneous manifestations are recognized by physicians and dermatologist treating COVID-19. We have observed around eight cases of COVID -19 who had skin darkening in our center Baluchistan Institute of Nephrology and Urology Quetta, among these included were six dialysis technicians one chronic maintenance dialysis patient and a physician. We present the representative cases and discuss the skin manifestations of COVID-19.
Does Static Intra Access Pressure Monitoring of Arteriovenous Fistulas Predicts Intra Access Stenosis?
Authors: Rehman Abaid ur , Khan Muhammad Imran , Sabir Omer , Riaz Muhammad Mohsin , Dilawar Mubashar , Afzal Hafiz Usman , Basit Muhamad Bilal
Published: December 2021

The initiation of hemodialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires vascular access formation. The choice of vascular access for individual patient depends on various factors however arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is conventionally considered to be the vascular access of choice. Once hemodialysis is initiated through a mature AVF, there is an ongoing need for surveillance of the AVF to ensure adequate function and prevent vascular access issues among which flow obstruction (both inflow and outflow) remains the most important. AVF stenosis can potentially lead to inadequate dialysis delivery and thrombosis thus leading to access loss. Physical examination and AVF Doppler ultrasonography (DUS) are useful for evaluation of stenosis in the  arteriovenous connection and the outflow tract. Periodic assessment of the AVF with Static Intra access Pressure (SIAPR) determination may be a reliable means of predicting vascular access stenosis.

Material & Methods  A cross sectional study carried out at Department of Nephrology, Fatima Memorial Hospital, Lahore from July 2018 to December 2018. In total 113 patients were included, and all patients underwent SIAPR assessment and Doppler Ultrasound of AVF.

Results Mean age of the patients was 56.81±9.38 years, male to female ratio of the patients was 1.8:1. In this study the SIAPR was suggestive of  stenosis in 87(76.99%) patients. The sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of SIAPR against Doppler US of the AVF for detection of stenosis was 75.86%, 22.62% & 36.28% respectively

Conclusion SIAPR has low specificity and diagnostic accuracy compared to Doppler US for detection of AVF stenosis.
Frequency and Microbiological Profile of Catheter-Related Infections in Hemodialysis Patients Receiving Gentamicin as Antimicrobial Lock Therapy for Prophylaxis
Authors: Mahmood Sumbal Nasir , Asif Sabaa , Anwar Muhammad Amim , Naveed Osama Kunwer
Published: December 2021

Antibiotic lock solution (ALS) in the lumen of catheter is a mean to decrease the possibility of catheter related blood stream infection (CRBSI). We conducted this study using Gentamicin as ALS to observe the frequency of catheter related infections (CRI) including CRBSI and exit site infection in this hemodialysis patients being dialyzed through tunneled and temporary hemodialysis catheters.

Methods This descriptive, cross sectional study was conducted at Dr. Ziauddin Hospital, North Campus between January 2017- December 2017. Symptomatic patients for CRBSI were included in this study. Blood culture from the catheter ports and periphery and exit site swab if pus visible were sent for culture sensitivity. 

Results Total 138 patients of either gender with age more than 18 years to less than 80 years were evaluated. 44.9% were male and mean age of patients was 58.79±14.05 years. 70.3% patients were diabetic for 15.61±4.61 years and 11.6% were using immunosuppressive drugs. The overall mean catheter duration was 22.27±14.39 days and mean hemodialysis duration was 25.32±44.31 weeks. Tunneled catheter was placed in 40.6% and 46.4% had femoral temporary catheters. Blood culture was done for 51 cases and 21.5% were positive. Tip culture was positive in 33.3% patients. In our study, 23.18% patients were found to have catheter related infections, out of which 61.5% were found with gentamicin resistance including colonization.

Conclusion We report a high frequency of catheter related infections despite using ALS as prophylaxis, with predominant organisms being gram positives and a high incidence of gentamycin resistance.
One Year Reinfection Rate of Hepatitis C Among Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis After Successful Antiviral Treatment
Authors: Khurshid Sanaa , Cheema Sidra Shafiq , Cheema Shafeeq
Published: December 2021

Background: Direct acting antiviral therapies (DAA) are an important tool for hepatitis C virus elimination.  Cross-contamination as a result of failure to follow infection control procedures.  We estimated HCV reinfection rates among treated individuals on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) in our dialysis patients.

Methods: We analyzed data from Jinnah hospital dialysis center cohort on maintenance hemodialysis who previously took direct acting antiviral therapy (DAA) for treatment of hepatitis C in a prospective randomized interventional trial which included 36 patients.  These patients were followed for one year after sustained virologic response (SVR) was achieved.  At one year, reinfection was defined as a positive HCV RNA measurement at one year after achievement of SVR. Genotype was also assessed for patients who had positive HCV RNA by PCR.  As a secondary objective, one year mortality was also calculated in this treated population.

Results: Of 32 patients who were treated with DAAs, SVR after one year of completion of treatment was 100% in group 1 and 85.8% in group 2.  None of the patients in group 1 had reinfection one year after achieving SVR while 2 out of 14 patients in group 2 were found to have reinfection with same genotype as previous. Overall reinfection rate was 2/32 (6.25%). Crude reinfection rate per 100 person-years was 6.25. One year mortality was 16% and 44% in group 1 and 2 respectively.

Conclusion: Reinfection rate is low among successfully treated HCV patients on maintenance hemodialysis when strict implementation and adherence to ‘universal precautions’ is practiced.
Sub-Acute Intestinal Obstruction – A Rare Complication in a patient with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: Naseer Nazish , Yaqub Sonia
Published: December 2021

associated with vomiting and constipation. On examination he was an obese, ill looking male with a distended abdomen and bilateral palpable flank masses. Gut sounds were sluggish. Small and large bowel loops were found to be dilated on abdominal x-ray. Computed tomography scan of the abdomen showed grossly enlarged kidneys occupying almost whole of the abdomen pushing small bowel loops anteriorly. Based on clinical and radiological findings a diagnosis of sub-acute intestinal obstruction was made. Patient was managed conservatively (i.e. with NG tube and rectal decompression). This case highlights intestinal obstruction as a rare complication of ADPKD.
Covid-19 and Acute Kidney Injury: Recent Updates
Authors: Shafi Salman Tahir
Published: December 2021

In January 2020, the pathogen was identified and named by the World Health Organization as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). The consequent SARS-CoV-2-related disease was defined as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As data emerged about characteristics of the disease, it was found to be associated with increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). We explore the recent literature and reports emerging from the epicenters of the pandemic to help our viewers understand the nature of AKI among these patients.
Etiology and Outcomes of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Admitted to a Single Tertiary Care Hospital: Balochistan Institute of Nephrology-Urology Quetta
Authors: Zarkoon Abdul Kareem Zarkoon , Rind Habib Ullah , Khan Moin , Ahmed Aijaz , Jakrani Nasir , Hussain Muhammad , Ali Hamid , Haq Mujeeb ul , Mandokhail Abdul Ghaffar , Ullah Atta , Khalil Faiza , Hameed, Ghulam Muhammad. Abdul , Muhammad Ghulam
Published: December 2021

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical syndrome with broad spectrum of etiologies and an important cause of morbidity and mortality requiring hospitalization. Depending on the cause and nature of AKI it may complicate to be life threatening or even proceed to Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) compromising the quality of life.

Methods: The current retrospective study determines the causes and outcomes of AKI in patients of different age groups, who required hospitalization at our tertiary care hospital from March 2018 to March 2020.  Possible etiologic conditions for AKI were recorded during the study period and AKI was classified according to the causes, age and outcome.

Results: records of total of 267 patients with diagnosis of AKI were obtained who were admitted during the study period. Obstetric related diagnosis was the commonest reason for AKI (n= 50 18.7%), another 42 (15.7%) had obstructive nephropathy, prerenal AKI in 35 patients (13.1%) and other causes such as glomerulonephritis, sepsis, pigment nephropathy and drug related interstitial nephritis among others.

Majority of the patients needed dialytic support, n=190 (71.2%) and majority of patients n=181 patients (67.7%) recovered completely, and only 11 patients (4.2%) expired.

Conclusion: Our study reveals that majority of patients with AKI presenting to BINUQ had reversible causes of AKI with complete recovery in significant number of patients. Community wise programs to early detect AKI with prompt treatment will decrease the likelihood of such patients adding to the CKD population.
Association between Parathyroid Hormone and Anemia: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study of maintenance Hemodialysis Patients of a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Junejo Abdul Mnannan , Ali Muhammad , Ahmad Shafique , Ejaz Ayesha , Iram Hina , Kumar Sandeep
Published: December 2021

Objective

The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between intact parathyroid hormone levels (iPTH) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who were on hemodialysis.

Material and methods 

An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre in Karachi, Pakistan. Patients were enrolled in this study after consent and institutional review board approval. Serum samples were collected for Hb level, iPTH level, vitamin D, urea and creatinine, ferritin, and transferrin saturation. 

Results

Ninety four patients were inducted into this study; men comprised 66.0% of the patients, and Diabetes mellitus was the commonest etiology of ESRD.

Most of the patients were on dialysis for more than 5 years on twice per week hemodialysis. Mean Hemoglobin was 9.29g/dl, iPTH 576.59ng/dl and Vitamin D 25.47ng/ml. Significant inverse correlation was found between anemia and i-PTH levels.

Conclusion

Hyperparathyroidism is one of the major contributor anemia among maintenance hemodialysis patients.
Lipid Abnormalities Using Random Sampling In Patients With End Stage Renal Disease On Thrice Weekly Hemodialysis
Authors: Anwar Shahid , Zainab Alvina , Mazhar Sobia
Published: December 2021

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the dialysis population. Among other risk factors abnormalities in lipid metabolism occur in patients with all stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The most common dyslipidemia in CKD and dialysis is hypertriglyceridemia, whereas the total cholesterol concentration can be normal or low, perhaps due in part to malnutrition. Although  hypertriglyceridemia that occurs in CKD may not significantly increase coronary risk, other changes may contribute to the accelerated atherosclerosis. We tried to find out how many patients in our setup on thrice weekly hemodialysis are suffering from dyslipidemia and whether taking treatment or not.

Methodology: Cross sectional study conducted at dialysis center of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore including all seventy patients with ESRD undergoing regular HD three times a week, 4 hours per session. Random blood samples (Non-fasting) were collected before dialysis for lipid profile including serum

triglyceride, LDL, HDL and total cholesterol.

Results: Out of 70 patients only 3 (4.4%) patients were on statins for dyslipidemia. Triglycerides were high in 41.4%, total cholesterol was low in 61.4%, and HDL was low in 34.3%.

Conclusion: Hypertriglyceridemia is major lipid abnormality among hemodialysis patients.
Successful Treatment of Massive Pulmonary and Venous Thromboembolism with Intravenous Heparin in a Patient with Mild Membranous Nephropathy.
Authors: Mukhtar Kunwer Naveed , Bibi Shaheen , Mahmood Sumbal Nasir , Naveed Osama Kunwer
Published: December 2021

Membranous nephropathy is well described to be associated with hypercoagulable state. Pulmonary embolism is a common occurrence with  hypercoagulability and early recognition and prompt treatment including thrombolysis is warranted. We present here a case of massive thrombus in the pulmonary trunk and inferior vena cava in a patient with membranous nephropathy where anticoagulation with heparin was continued with successful resolution over time. We discuss the pros and cons of anticoagulation amangement in such patients and review the literature.
A Rare Genetic Cause of End Stage Renal Disease- Nail Patella Syndrome
Authors: Khan Azhar Ali , Karamat Javaria
Published: December 2021

Hereditary osteo-onchodysplasia syndrome commonly known as nail patella syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder that manifests with skeletal abnormalities and renal disease. Its incidence is 1 in 50,000 and reported in patients all over world. The renal disease involves glomerular basement membrane (GBM) thickening and rarely proceeds to End stage renal disease (ESRD). It requires histological diagnosis with electron microscopy to differentiate from other disease associated with proteinuria. As no specific treatment is available so management involves early recognition and close  follow up for symptomatic relief of renal as well as skeletal complications. Prevention involves genetic counselling being solely helpful. This case report is of a patient diagnosed with nail patella syndrome with strong family history but rapidly progressed to ESRD and we were not able to proceed for histology.
Health Related Quality of Life Among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Pakistan.
Authors: Ahmed Raheel , Ahmed Tanveer , Ud Din Najm , Munib Syed , Inayat Ur Rehman Inayat Ur Rehman , Haseeb Abdul
Published: December 2021

Background: Hemodialysis is a well-established replacement therapy for patient with end stage kidney disease havin a great impact on the patient’s quality of life. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the health-related quality of life of patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.
Methods: A cross sectional single centere survey was carried out from March 2018 to June 2018 at Department of Nephrology, Institute of Kidney diseases, Peshawar in Pakistan. A 36 item KDQOL validated Urdu version was used to identify the quality of life of patients.
Results: A total of n=184 patients having chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis participated,of whom 63.6% were males and 57.1% patients were Pashtun. A multiple linear regression showed that patients having kidney disease caused due to hypertension had 45% higher kidney disease component summary (KDCS) score while 16% higher physical component summary (PCS) score and 60% higher mental component summary (MCS) score  and were statistically significant. Similarly; Peshawari patients had 22% lower PCS score as compared to other ethnic groups ; however, in MCS Peshawari patients had 16% higher score  and were statistically significant.
Conclusion: The patients have poor quality of life receiving hemodialysis therapy in all three domains like PCS, MCS and KDCS.
Revitalisasi Humanisme dan Kritik Gadamer atas Metodologi
Authors: Boli Tobi Hendrik
Published: December 2021

Setelah memperkaya pengetahuan di bidang filologi, Gadamer pada akhirnya mengembangkan kajian hermeneutika yang berujung pada terbitnya buku Truth and Method. Ketika itu gagasan positivisme dan perkembangan ilmu baru, yaitu sosiologi, perlahan-lahan mendominasi khazanah ilmu-ilmu humaniora. Dominasi itu akhirnya direspons dan dilawan oleh sejumlah filsuf yang menganggap bahwa positivisme mengabaikan dimensi manusia yang begitu kompleks dan berbeda sama sekali dengan obyek penelitian ilmu-ilmu alam. Gadamer mengkritik keyakinan bahwa hanya melalui metodologi ilmu-ilmu alam, manusia dapat mencapai kebenaran. Gadamer menawarkan diskursus humanisme di tengah kepungan dominasi metodologi untuk mengembangkan humaniora. Gadamer mengangkat empat konsep penting dari tradisi humanisme, yaitu Bildung, sensus communis, pertimbangan, dan selera.
“Menemukan” Kembali Bali
Authors: Wicaksono Adi
Published: December 2021

Setelah Puputan Bali, Pemerintah kolonial Belanda membuat kebijakan Beliseering, sebagai strategi mempertahankan kuasa politik melalui program pelestarian budaya. Beliseering adalah suatu proyek depolitisasi Bali dengan membendung segala pengaruh agama non-Hindu sekaligus mengalihkan benih-benih gagasan nasionalistik ke ranah pengawetan kebudayaan. Hal itu berpengaruh pada karya-karya generasi ketiga seniman Bali yang menempuh pendidikan di akademi, khususnya di ISI Yogyakarta. Sebagian dari para perupa kembali pada semesta figural makhluk-makhluk mitologis dan dunia perwayangan, dan sebagian lagi menggarap elemen-elemen visual ideoreligius dengan teknik seni modern. Artinya, seniman Bali, termasuk para para pelukisnya, cenderung lebih dekat pada cara pandang kuasi-representasional ketimbang murni representasional. Apakah nantinya mereka akan kembali ke haribaan eksotisme dunia mitologis atau lebih ke pusaran dunia material sebagai bagian dari manifestasi kebudayaan modern? Boleh jadi juga mereka akan terus berada dalam garis tegangan antara modernitas dan tradisionalitas berikut menifestasi aktual yang juga terus berubah.
Aku Dalam Puisi Sebuah catatan untuk sajak-sajak Toeti Heraty
Authors: Goenawan Mohamad
Published: December 2021

Puisi hidup dengan hal-hal yang tak akan kekal, tak esensial, hanya aksidental. Tiap kali, yang fana, yang rentan, yang kebetulan dan tak disangka-sangka justru membuat kita (dan puisi)  jadi hidup, antara asyik dan murung, dan kita seakan-akan tergugah, berseru. Sifat puisi yang seperti itulah yang  membuat Plato mengatakan bahwa ada “perseteruan purba antara puisi dan filsafat”. Demikian yang ditulis Goenawan Mohamad ketika membahas sajak-sajak Toeti Heraty. Selain sebagai penyair dan kolektor seni, almarhumah Toeti Heraty juga seorang filsuf, disertasinya kemudian dibukukan menjadi Aku Dalam Budaya (1984).
Di Seberang Puisi Emosi —Surat untuk Zen Hae
Authors: Nirwan Dewanto
Published: December 2021

Frasa-frasa Chairil Anwar seperti “hidup hanya menunda kekalahan”, “nasib adalah kesunyian masing-masing”, dan “antara kita maut datang tidak membelah”—merupakan potongan filsafat yang menyaru ke dalam puisi, yang gemanya muncul lagi dalam sajak-sajak Sitor Situmorang dan Goenawan Mohamad. Namun sudah jelas bahwa filsafat atau intelektualisme sang penyair sudah sejak awal menentang “kesusastraan yang programatis”, yaitu yang “mendasarkan diri pada sesuatu dogma atau doktrin yang sudah diterima oleh suatu kaum sebagai kebenaran mutlak.” Menurut Nirwan Dewanto, puisi “Manusia Pertama di Angkasa Luar” dari Subagio Sastrowardoyo berhasil karena kekandasannya dalam berfilsafat dan laku hanyut ke dalam sentimentalitas. Ia berhenti menjadi representasi dari penerbangan luar angkasa maupun dari intelektualisme penyairnya sendiri. Ia sepenuhnya menjadi permainan belaka, verbal art form.
Sebuah Pengantar kepada Dekonstruksi
Authors: Ruhupatty Chris
Published: December 2021

Artikel ini adalah sebuah pengantar kepada dekonstruksi. Harus diakui bahwa kita tidak dapat memahami apa itu dekonstruksi secara utuh. Tepatnya, kita hanya dapat menggambarkannya melalui kata atau teks yang-lain. Itulah mengapa artikel ini hanyalah sebuah pengantar atau hanya sebuah cara yang-lain untuk mengatakannya. “Dekonstruksi” itu sendiri adalah sebuah penyingkapan tentang realitas dari teks. Teks, sebagaimana dikatakan oleh tradisi filsafat Barat, adalah sebuah representasi dari dunia. Sebab itu, kita dapat memahami dunia secara utuh melalui teks. Jacques Derrida (1930-2004) pencetus dekonstruksi tidak setuju dengan gagasan itu. Baginya, kata atau teks tidak dapat menjelaskan dunia secara utuh. Teks perlu untuk didekonstruksi dalam usahanya untuk menjelaskan dunia. Dalam kerangka inilah, Derrida hendak menunjukkan kepada kita bahwa “dekonstruksi” itu sendiri tidak dapat dijelaskan menggunakan kata atau teks.
Pramoedya Ananta Toer di Bawah Cahaya Claude Levi-Strauss: Analisis Struktural Roman Arok-Dedes
Authors: Wahyudin
Published: December 2021

Sebuah roman sejarah pada dasarnya adalah mitos dan legenda yang memakai baju modern. Roman sejarah ini tidak hanya menarik dari segi teknik bertuturnya, tapi juga isi dan pesannya yang menantang untuk dibedah dengan pisau analisis struktural seperti yang dikembangkan oleh Claude Levi-Strauss. Arok-Dedes mengisahkan peristiwa kudeta pertama dalam sejarah Nusantara. Pramoedya merajut struktur narasi atau relasi penceritaannya berdasarkan kecenderungan ideologi yang dianutnya. Tokoh-tokoh yang terlibat dalam pertikaian yang berlangsung menurut oposisi biner. Misalnya, oposisi Tunggul Ametung yang sudra-satria dengan kaum brahmana dimediasi oleh Ken Arok yang sudra-satria-brahmana. Perspektif itu tampaknya sejalan dengan pandangan Levi-Strauss tentang mitos. Menurutnya, setiap mitos merupakan suatu upaya mengingat kembali hal-hal yang telah lewat. Lebih dari itu, keberadaan mitos dalam suatu masyarakat adalah dalam rangka mengatasi atau memecahkan berbagai kontradiksi empiris yang tidak terpahami atau terpecahkan oleh nalar manusia.
Karya Instalasi dari Masa ke Masa
Authors: Sungkar Anna
Published: December 2021

Karya Instalasi yang dimulai ketika pada tahun 1917 Marcel Duchamp meletakkan Urinoir pada sebuah pameran di New York, terus menjadi trend sampai saat ini. Karya Duchamp yang diberi judul “Fountain” itu menjadi cikal bakal pengembangan instalasi yang menjadi besar pada tahun 60an. Adanya kesalahpahaman bahwa seni instalasi yang umurnya sudah seabad itu sebagai suatu penemuan baru dalam senirupa, membuat segelintir komunitas seni di Indonesia belum merasa kontemporer kalau tidak membuat atau mengoleksi karya instalasi. Muncul pertanyaan, mengapa karya instalasi tidak pernah menjadi hit dalam art market.
Pameran Tunggal Syakieb Sungkar: Retro Expressionism, Painting Reenactment
Authors: Asmudjo J. Irianto
Published: December 2021

Dalam estetika otonom modernis, seni lukis menduduki peranan utama, apa yang disebut seni rupa modern tak lain adalah seni lukis. Kendati setelah itu, seni lukis berkali-kali dinyatakan “mati”—karena kehadiran fotografi, seni instalasi, heppening art, performance art, dan new media art—namun seni lukis membuktikan dirinya dapat terus hidup dan berkembang. Ketika membahas lukisan-lukisan Syakieb Sungkar, Asmudjo J. Irianto mengatakan, pada dasarnya seni lukis menjadi bagian penting dalam praktik seni rupa kontemporer global, demikian pula yang tampak dalam seni rupa kontemporer Indonesia. Seni lukis tetap menjadi primadona.
Melihat Wanita dengan Perut Berlemak
Authors: I Gede Made Surya Darma
Published: December 2021

Melukis dengan menonjolkan bagian yang berlemak adalah suatu penghormatan untuk tubuh. Seluruh bagian tubuh memiliki sisi menariknya, karena kecantikan itu adalah bahasa universal yang tidak bisa hanya dinilai dengan ukuran bentuk. Semua unsur tubuh memiliki kelebihan dan daya tarik masing-masing. Dalam pengamatan I Gede Made Surya Darma, terlihat Syakieb tidak peduli dengan market. Ia menjadi kontemporer dengan gayanya sendiri: lingkungan dan peristiwa dalam kehidupannya sehari-hari dituangkannya dalam kanvas, dengan kejujuran dan gaya jenaka.
Studi Kemiskinan di Negara Berkembang
Authors: Sungkar Syakieb
Published: December 2021

Penanggulangan kemiskinan di negara berkembang dilakukan dengan berbagai macam cara. Beberapa upaya dari negara diuraikan di sini, seperti memberikan solusi makro dengan meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional, pemberian kemudahan akses kredit perbankan, dan ada juga yang memberikan solusi secara mikro dengan memberikan bantuan langsung tunai (BLT) yang disebut sebagai program pendapatan dasar universal, karena transfer tunai diberikan secara merata ke setiap orang. Diuraikan pula solusi Microfinance seperti yang dilakukan Grameen Bank. Demikian pula pengiriman uang dari buruh migran terhadap keluarganya di tanah air juga dapat mengentaskan kemiskinan. Ada banyak keberhasilan dan tentu saja banyak terdapat kelemahan pada program-program tersebut yang menjadi ruang untuk perbaikan dan peningkatan keberhasilan.
Modelling the impact of climate change on rice production in India
Authors: RATHORE L. S. , SINGH K. K. , SASEENDRAN S. A. , BAXLA A. K.
Published: December 2021

The CERES-Rice crop simulation model, calibrated and validated for the    varieties PR106 in NW India. IR36 in central India and Jaya in south India, is used for  nalysing the effect of climate change on rice productivity in the country. Plausible climate change scenario for the Indian subcontinent as expected by the middle of the next century taking into account the projected emissions of greenhouse gases and sulphate aerosols, in a coupled atmosphere-ocean model experiment performed at Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum, Germany, is adopted for the study. The adopted scenario represented an increase in monsoon seasonal mean surface temperature of the order of about 1.5° C over the south India and 1°C over northwest and central India in the decade 2040-49 with respect to the 1980s and an increase in rainfall of the order of 2 mm per day over south India while the simulated decrease of the order about -1 mm and -1.5 mm over northwest and central India respectively. The IPCC Business-as-usual scenario projection of plant usable concentration of CO2 about 460 PPM by the middle fo the next century are also used in the crop model simulation (CERES - Rice V3 Model).

 

Simulation studies carried out with the climate change scenarios over different parts of the country are analysed and interpreted.
A multi-criteria analysis of sewer monitoring methods for locating pipe blockages and manhole overflows
Authors: Utepov Yelbek , Kazkeyev Alizhan , Aniskin Aleksej
Published: December 2021

This article is devoted to the aggregation of existing methods for monitoring sewerage systems into a single symbiosis, in particular methods for identifying the locations of clogged pipes and manhole overflows. Clogging of sewers is a frequent problem in large cities, entailing overfilling of manholes with sewage and disruption of the whole sewage system. Today, there are several methods for monitoring sewers: visual, acoustic and laser. Each method is represented by a wide range of devices with different characteristics and applications. The analysis identified the main technical and economic characteristics for each solution presented. Then, on the basis of the data obtained, a multi-criteria analysis was made according to several parameters: measurement accuracy, maximum diameter of the inspected pipe, type of pipe, cost. For the most objective selection, each parameter was given its own weight, and all parameters were normalized for their objective comparison. On this basis, all solutions were sorted by maximum values for each criterion, taking into account the selection by weights. As a result of the multicriteria analysis, five combinations of solutions were built, including several monitoring methods.
Features of using modified bitumen in road construction
Authors: Syzdykova Aigerim , Zhakyp Aigul , Tulebekova Assel
Published: December 2021

The road industry is one of the important components of the economy. Quantitative and qualitative changes in the road industry require new technological approaches to road construction. The higher the transport-operational level of roads, the less the negative consequences of motorization are manifested. The condition of highways and their compliance with the international standards largely depends on the observance of construction technologies of road pavement, and the road pavement itself should have layers of strong, frost and temperature resistant monolithic materials which provide a long period of exploitation. The paper presents the peculiarities of the application of different types of modifiers for bitumen. It discusses their advantages and disadvantages, the importance of selecting the composition of the bituminous and mineral mixture. The use of crumb rubber as a modifier allows to realize the concept of a closed resource-saving technology of construction of roads. This approach will allow, on a technologically sound basis and taking into account the real needs of road construction materials, to restore the road network.