bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Some Biochemical parameters Of People With Atopic Eczema And There Comparison With Normal People
Authors: Khalid Hameed Azeez , Hikmat Alwan Buraq
Published: May 2020

The present study aimed to identify the biochemical changes in sera of patients with Atopic Eczema, which included some blood analysis included serum urea, uric acid, creatinine, cholesterol, blood glucose, albumin, total protein, calcium, GPT, ALP, total serum bilirubin. Samples were collected from 19 August to 19 December in Salahelddin Hospital in tikrit city, the study included 94 sample, 65 from patients with Atopic Eczema, and 29 healthy people as a control group, the results were compared between the Atopic Eczema patients group and the healthy control group, and there was elevation in blood urea, uric acid, ceatinine, total protein, GPT, ALP, TSB,( 34.9+22.10), (5.49 + 4.38), (0.788+ 0.669), (7.34 +6.41), (13.38 +6.96), (13.63+ 8.52), (0.831+0.190),  respectively. And there was no elevation in,  total albumin, cholesterol, calcium, blood glucose, (4.595+4.321), (161.5+ 148.1), (8.96 + 9.13), (109.3+ 105.3), respectively when compared between patients group and control group.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.161
Symptoms of depression and anxiety among a Sample of Type 2 diabetic patients at Primary Health Care in Erbil city
Authors: Sardar Yaseen Bnar , Shakir Dauod Ali
Published: May 2020

Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is exceedingly widespread disease with the highest prevalence in the Middle East countries. Co-existing psychological symptoms affect glycemic control and considered as an important problem in achieving target. The objective of this study was to determine the percentage of depressive and anxiety symptoms among diabetes patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 300 adult patients with type 2 diabetes who attended Primary Health Care centers in Erbil City during the period from the 1st of July 2016 to the end of 28th of June 2017. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5 questionnaires has been used as diagnostic tools for depression and anxiety. The glycemic control measured using glycated hemoglobin A1C.
Results: The mean age  SD of the sample was 54.79  9.16 years, ranging from 40 to 75 years, the median was 54 years and considerable proportion (44.7%) were of low socio-economic status (SES). Only one quarter of the patients are highly adherent to the treatment. 52.3% of the patients were complaining from anxiety whether mild (28%), moderate (23.3%) or severe (1%). Regarding depression, 58.7% had had depression of different severity. No significant association was detected between anxiety and depression with diabetes control as assessed by glycated hemoglobin A1C (p = 0.932) and (p = 0.220) respectively. The prevalence of depression among those who follow a healthy diet (53.6%) and who practice physical activity (41.4%) was significantly less (p = 0.024).
Conclusion: The study revealed that large percentage of type 2 diabetic patients suffered from anxiety and or depressive symptoms, a results should alert all physicians working in primary health centers to consider these symptoms since they have a direct impact in improving treatment
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.162
Investigation of the incidence of Toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus in patients with thalassemia
Authors: Yonis Saleh1 Ali , Y. Shareef Al-Numan2 Adeba
Published: May 2020

Blood transfusions was considered as a source of a number of infections in some cases if the donor is infected, especially the virus and parasitic ones, in which the blood is the main route of transport if it is contaminated from the environment or during the transport. The current study included testing (250) blood samples for Thalassemia patients and (100) blood samples from healthy subjects as a control , The samples included with (134) males and (116) females with mean age of (13.87 ± 9.37) years for patients and (14.08 ± 6.45) years for control samples. And for the period from February 2017 to July 2017 And patients who were diagnosed by specialists in Ibn al-Atheer teaching Hospital for Children in Nineveh Governorate. The study showed a high rate of infection with CMV infection in male thalassemia patients (42%) while in females (36.1%), the highest rate of infection was in the age group 16 years and above and the increase in the number of blood transfusions increases the rate of infection (46.5%) in patients received blood twice or more per month and decreased to (37.6%) in patients who receiving blood once a month. The highest rate of Toxoplasma infection was found in females (18.3%) while in males (15.6%). The highest age group (6-10) years showed the highest percentage of infection (19.1%). Blood infected patients with T. gondii recieving blood twice per month formed (21.9%) while  those receiving blood one time per month decreased to (15.9%) .
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.163
Study of Genotoxic and Cytotoxic effects of Malathion in Japanese Quail
Authors: Yousif  Khosrow1 Kawa , Ebrahim Ali1 , Faik , Sabeeh Sadeq2 Wajdi
Published: May 2020

The effect of Malathion was studied orally on Japanese quail males (Cotrunix Cotrunix Japonica). The Median lethal Dose LD50 of  malathion through 24 hours was found to be 163.6 mg / kg. Malathion was provided in doses of 75% 122.7 mg / kg b.wt., 50% 81.8 mg / kg b.wt., 25%40.9 mg/kg b.wt. LD50 of body weight plus cyclophosphamide 20 mg/kg b.wt as positive control and Corn oil as a negative control, The current study was carried out to detect the effects of malathion on cell cytotoxicity based on genetic cytotoxicity tests such as Micronuclei Test (MN for mature red blood cells in peripheral blood and immature blood cells in bone marrow for 18, 20 and 22 hours per treatment and Chromosomal Aberration (CA) test for immature red blood cells in bone marrow, And 24 hours for each treatment with subcutaneous injection of colchicine 0.5gm prior to 3-hour incubation. The results of the statistical analysis Suggested that a significant increase in P≤0.05of micronucleated mature red blood cells in peripheral blood and micronucleated immature blood cells in bone marrow for 18, 20 and 22 hours per treatment in the formation of micronuclei compared to negative control. The results of the study also Suggested that a significant increase in P≤ 0.05  on the induction of chromosomal Aberration  of immature red blood cells in bone marrow.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.164
Corresponding of Genetic polymorphism the apolipoprotein B R3500Q gene mutation with possible Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) pateints in Sulaymaniyah
Authors: A. Abdel-Razaak Al-daraji1 Hadeel , H. Ali Al-Assie2 Akeel , H. Hussien3 Rada
Published: May 2020

Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is autosomal codominant disease Characterized by elevated LDL Cholesterol and Early Coronary Artery disease. (FH) is commonly caused by mutations in the three genes: The Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein B (apoB), Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin ⁄ Kexin type 9 (PCSK9). The current study aimed to identify mutations in people with homozygous genotypes that affect protein binding causing defects and to ensure that these conditions are diagnosed through important molecular tests through the early intervention of the apoptoprotein gene (apoB) for the R3500Q mutagenic of healthy individuals not associated with hypercholesterolemia (FH) in Sulaymaniyah through the conduct of the polymer chain reaction system and Restrication enzyme genotyping. The study included determination of the polymorphism of genes associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). The molecular study included the genetic analysis of (50) samples of the R3500Q mutation of the apoB gene, after adding the ScaI enzyme, showed there three genotype: were four cases found Homozygous to be one bundle (S+ ⁄ S+) (143 bp), a one case compound heterozygous (S- ⁄ S+) model are two bundle ( 143 bp, 90 bp) and a fourty-five cases had mutant  Homozygous (S- ⁄ S-)  model  of  the  one  bundle  (90 bp), all the R3500Q mutations were found on the same allele.                                          
the study also included the R3500Q mutation of the apoB gene and Its relation to the studied traits, there was a significant increase in the 0.01 for cholesterol, TG and LDL for patients with hypercholesterolemia was mean (235.61 mg ⁄ dl, 321.83 mg ⁄ dl and 330.90 mg ⁄ dl) respectively , compared to healthy pateints with mean (172.15 mg ⁄ dl , 109.88 mg ⁄ dl and 77.1 mg  ⁄ dl).
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.166
Detection of auto-transporter Sat and Vat genes among Escherichia coli strains isolated from urinary tract infections
Authors: Yaseen AL- Hayali1 Wisal R. , Younis Mahdy2 Alaa , Zaraq Ibrahim3 Muhammad Abdul
Published: May 2020

This study was designed to detect the presence of genes encoding autotranspoter proteins in E. coli that causes UTI by using PCR techniques. Seventy two urine sample were collected from patients infected with UTI whom attended to Salah-AL-deen general hospital in Tikrit city, during three months period (September to November 2016). All samples were cultivated on Blood agar and MacConkey agar. The 47(65.2%) E. coli isolates were confirmed using standard biochemical tests for E. coli. The results indicate the frequencies of Sat gene was 27 strains(57.5%) while Vat gene was 12 strains (25.5%) while the Duplex PCR detected 8(17%) strains of E. coli contained two genes. With this method, we confirmed that autotransporter genes are pathospecifically distributed among the E. coli strains studied.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.167
Partial purification of topoisomerase IB from serum of diabetic patients and study it's kinetic properties and molecular weight
Authors: Hasan Saif M. , T. Maher Firas , Q. Kadhim Nagham
Published: May 2020

This study was done to partially purification of  topoisomerase IB from serum of diabetic patients using Gel filtration technique, by using Sephadex G 100 gel. A single peak in fraction four has been obtained, and the degree of purification (17.1) fold, enzyme yield (108.2%) and specific activity (0.189ng/mg). Kinetics studies for the partial purified enzyme were carried out which showed optimal concentration of  substrate which was (0.1ng/ml), Michael's - Menten constant (Km=0.033ng) and maximum velocity (Vmax=0.90 ng/ml), while optimum Temperature was (37C°) and optimum pH was (7.5). The molecular weight of the partial purified enzyme has been determined by gel electrophoresis method, in presence of polyacrylamide  gel and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS-PAGE) which showed that the approximated molecular weight was (66KD).
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.168
Sedimentological study of the Lower-Middle Miocene Sequences at Selected Wells in Jambur and Khabaz oilfields, NE Iraq
Authors: Yilmaz Ahmad1 Ruia , Selman Kadhim1 Lifta , Mohammed Al-haj2 Mohammed Ahmed
Published: May 2020

The study includes petrographic and stratigraphical chraractrstic of the lower-middle Miocene sequence at selected wells from Jambur and Khabaz oilfields. Four hundred and sixty thin section from Jeribe, Serikagni, Euphrates, Dhiban, Anah and Azkand formations in four wells from Jambur and Khabaz oilfields are studied. The stratigraphic study indicates that contact between Jeribe and Faꞌtha formations, Jeribe and Dhiban formations are unconformable in all wells under study, while the contact between Jeribe and Anah, Anah and Azkand, Euphrates and Serikagni formations are conformable.
The petrographic study reveals that most of the studied formations are limestone rich in benthonic foraminifera especially in Jeribe and Anah formations, with low percentage of planktonic foraminifera such as Globigerina species in Serikagni and Azkand formations. Additionally, echinoids, coral algae, ostracoda and intraclast remains are present. Non-skeletal component such as, pellets and ooids are rare in Euphrates Formation. Microfacies analysis shows the presence of several microfacies distributed in the studied formations.
The environments of lower-Middle Miocene formations have been concluded from petrography and microfacies studies. Jeribe Formation was deposited in lagoonal or semi lagoonal environment, while Serikagni and Euphrates formations were deposited in deep marine environment and shallow open lagoon environment respectively. Closed lagoonal environment is assigned for deposition of Dhiban Formation, while slope and reef environment is recognized for the Azkand Formation and tidal and supratidal with reef marine tropical environment for the Anah Formation.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.169
Stratigraphic study of Qalqula Formation, Sulaymaniyah Governorate - NE Iraq
Authors: Jamil Ali Al-Talabani Mohammad
Published: May 2020

Qulqula Formation studied in Suren mountain - Sulaymaniyah- NE Iraq. 10 samples collected from the outcrop near Kani Seif Hamid area. Petrographic and mineralogical investigation carried out, thin sections, X- ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX) samples were prepared and analysed in Wollongong University-Australia.  Preliminary results show that the lower part of Qulqula Formation in the studied section undergo severe recrystallization and partly dolomitized. In addition, from chronostratigraphic viewpoint, Qulqula Formation in the studied area thought to represent Late Triassic age. This study report for the first time the occurrence of Calpionellids fossils, two species were identified; Tintinnopsella remanei Borza and Calpionellites major (Colom) which represent the Late Jurassic - Early Cetaceous age (i.e. Late Tithonian - Early Valanginian respectively). This coincided with the proposed age results from previous works.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.170
Calculation of The Imaginary Part of Atomic Form Factor For X-ray In Nickel
Authors: Raheem Ahmed Ahmed , Hasan Ali , Muhsin
Published: May 2020

In the present study, we calculated the imaginary part of the x-ray scattering factor of nickel based on the principles of quantum mechanics to find a wave function that describes the electronic state of atoms by approximate methods, observed the study suggested that in both low energy values , and at high energy values , the imaginary part is approximately zero, this means that the electrons are intensely connected to the atom, where in the spectrum the photon energies are approximately equal to the electron bonding energy  we note the study pointed out that the imaginary part of the atomic scattering factor become  prominent and the electron becomes highly absorbent, the relative accuracy varies within range (0.03-0.22)%, and there was also a good agreement between the behavior we obtained for the imaginary part of the atomic scattering factor and the behavior that was calculated using other models.
 
 http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.171
Study of the optical proprieties of copper oxide nanoparticles prepared by PLD method
Authors: H. Ahmed1 Rasha , Majeed E. Ibrahim1 , Abdul , A. Aadem2 Kadhim
Published: May 2020

Nano CuO thin films on glass substrates were prepared at a constant temperature of (300°C), by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) using Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm wavelength and five deposition energies (400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 mJ) with fixed pulses (300 pulse and 6 Hz) was used on the properties of CuO films. CuO nanoparticles were deposited on glass substrates to study optical properties and formed thin films of thickness (200 nm).CuO thin flims were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements have shown that the polycrystalline CuO prepared at laser energies , includes optical transmittance and absorption measurements and energy gap of these films.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.172
Effect of SiO2 ratio on electrical Properties of SiO2:ZnO Thin Films Prepared by pulsed laser depositions (PLD) technique
Authors: Al-Samarai1 Abdul-Majeed E. , N. Majeed1 Zuheer. , H.Mohammed2 Ghuson.
Published: May 2020

In this paper zinc oxide was dopped by various concentrations (5,10,15,20,25) % of silicon dioxide. The mixture was deposited on glass substrate by laser pulse deposition at room temperature to obtain (Zn2SiO4) thin films. The D.C conductivity showed a decrease in activation energy by increasing doping from (Ea1=0.096 eV) to (Ea1=0.075 eV) before annealing and after annealing from (Ea1=0.048 eV) to(Ea1=0.027 eV). Hall effect showed that the concentration of carriers increases from (2.79 ×1018cm-3) to (14.29× 1018cm-3 ) before annealing and from (0.30×1016cm-3) to (26.25×1016cm-3) after annealing. The mobility decreases from(2.3cm2/v. sec) to (0.99cm2/v. sec) before annealing and from (7cm2/v. sec) to (2.5cm2/v . sec).
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.173
Studying the effect of impurities Bi2O3 to SiO2 used in LCD screens
Authors: Admin Admin , M. Mohammed Wlla
Published: May 2020

In this study, a liquid crystal display LCD cell was prepared. with the windows made from a thin film of SnO2 add to it Bi2O3 by weight (0,1,3,5,7)% .The effect of adding optical and electrical properties of the cell was studied. The thin film was prepared by vacuum evaporation technique. It was added to use powder mixing technique. The results showed a decrease in the value of the current passing through the cell and  an increase in resistance value from 9.7MΩ to 12.5MΩ. The results also showed an increase in the cell's ability to control the light and darkness it with lower voltages by increasing the add rate. This leads to a decrease power used of a single cell. The value of the capacitance is not affected by the addition of Bi2O3 and  was stable at ( 3nf ±1% ).
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.175
Solving Three Dimensions Volterra Integral Equations (TDVIE) via a Neural Network
Authors: M. Al-Saif Nahdh S. , Sh. Ameen Ameen , Fadhil Abbas2 Ghaith
Published: May 2020

The aim of this paper  is present a new numerical method for solvingThree Dimensions Volterra Integral Equations using artificial neural network by design multilayer feed forward Neural Network. A multi- layers design in our proposed method consist of a hidden layer having seven hidden units. and one linear output unit. Linear Transfer function used as each unit and using Levenberg- Marquardtalgorithmtraining. Moreover, examples on three- dimensional Volterra integral equations carried out to illustrate the accuracy and the efficiency of the presented method. In addition, some comparisons among proposed method and Shifted Chebyshev Polynomials method and Reduced Differential Transform Method are presented.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.176
Construction and Implementation of an Expert System for Medical Diagnosis Based on Blood Test
Authors: Nadher Ibraheem Ibraheem
Published: May 2020

The recent developments in the field of artificial intelligence to the emergence of expert systems, and computational tools designed to capture and access to knowledge from experts in the medical field. We have built an expert system for the purpose of giving the diagnosis of some diseases by linking this system devise testing and analysis of blood type (CELL-DYN Ruby) and which has a private entrance to the computer. The system is divided into several modules, History Entering Module (HEM) systematic Review Module (SRM), a Laboratory Test List Module, Diagnosis Process Module (DPM), Data Base (DB), and finally the graphical interface to the user.
All these modules work together to give a high degree of accuracy in the diagnosis of disease through blood samples and we will describe the work of each unit in detail.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.179
Histological and Epidemiological study on Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Nineveh Governorate
Authors: Adris Mahmood Kawkab
Published: May 2020

Tuberculosis (TB) is a common infection especially in developing countries and can involve almost all bodily systems. Iraq has been identified as middle TB burden country in the world. The aims of the study are to determine the main factors that lead to prevalence of TB in people living in Nineveh governorate, to study the histopathological effect of M. tuberculosis on the tissues. The objective of epidemiological study is  to find the relationship between M. tuberculosis and age, sex, education level, occupation, type of TB and sectors of people living in Nineveh governorate. This study included 100 patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( 51 males and 49 females ) the age of the patients ranged from 1–75 years through the period from september 2010 to september 2011. In order to determine the main factors that lead to TB infection, data collected from all 100 patients infected with TB. Tissue sections were taken from patients with active TB from (lung, lymph node and breast mass) and fixed in (10%) formaldehyde and (4µm) paraffin blocks sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin or Ziehl Neelsen stain for histopathological examination. Data for epidemiological study of patients diagnosed with TB were  collected from consultant clinic for chest and respiratory diseases in Nineveh governorate over a 16-year period (1994-2010). The results showed that The main factors that lead to TB infection were diabetes with a percentage of (25%) of the patients, followed by smoking with a percentage of (20%) . Changes in the tissues infected with tuberculosis is the formation of tuberculous granulomas .The result of epidemiological study showed that the number of Tuberculosis cases in Nineveh governorate increased between 1994-2002 and decreased between 2002-2010. The number of TB cases in males is more than in females . The main age groups infected with TB was the productive ages (15-34 years). Pulmonary TB is more than Extrapulmonary TB .The highest percentage of TB in sectors of Nineveh governorate (25%) for each of left sector and right sector, followed by (13.7%) in Sinjar.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.003
The impact of the month pregnant and fetus sex on progesterone and cortisol hormones and lipid profile in the women during the third-trimester pregnancy
Authors: Salman Al-Hamdany Wahbi Abdulqader , Mohammed Morshed Sanaa
Published: May 2020

This study was conducted at Salahaddin General Hospital to find out the impact of pregnancy month and the sex of the fetus on progesterone, cortisol hormones and some biochemical compounds (VLDL-C, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG Cholesterol, and Glucose), during the last trimester of the pregnant women. Ninety blood samples were collected from the pregnant women, 5ml blood from each woman, the number of pregnant women during the 7th, 8th and 9th months (34, 29, 27) woman respectively. During the ninth month of pregnancy, there was a significant increase (P≤0.01) in the concentration of cortisol hormone compared with the seventh and eighth month, but the concentration of progesterone hormone decreased significantly (P≤0.01) during the ninth month compared to the seventh and eighth months. The concentrations of (VLDL-C, LDL-C, TG, Cholesterol, and Glucose) increased in the ninth month of pregnancy compared to the seventh and eighth months, while the concentration of the HDL-C increased in the seventh and eighth months compared with the ninth month. There were no significant differences between the male and the female fetus in pregnant women cortisone and progesterone concentrations. The pregnant women with male pregnancy significantly increased compared with the female fetus pregnancy in the (VLDL-C, LDL-C, Glucose) while the female pregnancy significantly increased compared with the male fetus pregnancy (P≤0.05) in concentrations of HDL-C. There are no significant differences observed between the male fetus and female pregnancies in cholesterol concentrations. Conclusion: this study finds out that the ninth month of the pregnancy caused more detriment to the pregnant women and male fetus is more likely to cause stress on the pregnant women than the female fetus.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.004
Detection of gene stn in some non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. which isolated from patients with diarrhea
Authors: Tawfiq S. M.
Published: May 2020

The present  study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. From April 2017 to September 2017 approximately 220 samples from diarrhoeic stool of human ages between one month till above sixty years were collected in Rizkary , children's and Kirkuk hospitals to determine the prevalence stn gene among Non-typhoidal Salmonella spp(S. enteritidis). A total of 220 samples were collected, The colonial morphology, staining, microscopical examination, cultural media as well as biochemical characteristics of the isolates found out the presence (72) 32.7%  out of 220 salmonella species isolates, (41) 57% were belong to NTS from 72 isolates while S. enteritidis were 28(68.2%) from 41 isolates of NTS. PCR assay was carried out to detect the presence of stn gene, (24) 85.7%  isolates of S. enteritidis contained the gene among 41 isolates of S. enteritidis. 100% of isolates were susceptible to Norfloxacin, while 16.7% were sensitive to Cefotaxime, 70% of isolates appeared multidrug resistance. 32.1% infections recorded in ages above sixty,25% age less than one year.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.005
Comparative study of Vitamin D levels in diabetic and non- diabetic women and its correlation with age and seasonal variation
Authors: Mohamed Jumaa Abdulhadi
Published: May 2020

Background  vitamin D has characteristics features of a hormone, and accordingly vitamin D is a pro-hormone, rather than a true vitamin. Active form of vitamin D is binding to vitamin D receptors (VDR) then started its main action inside the  body.  
This study is aimed to compare  concentration of vit. D in a patients with diabetes mellitus, and healthy Iraqi women and its correlation with seasonal variation, and age.
Subjects and methods This study was conducted in the first of August 2017 till the first of April 2018, at the outpatient unit in especial private hospital at karbalaa city in the south of Iraq. 163 women have been enrolled in present study. The sample was divided into 3 groups in both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects.
Results the distribution of subjects in this study, 163 persons participated as a sample in a present research; 82 subjects are normal healthy women as controls, while 51 women suffering from non-insulin dependent diabetic mellitus, (T2DM), and 30 pregnant women suffering from gestational DM, (GDM). Stander deviation and mean of  Vit. D levels  in a non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus  and normal healthy women. There is significant reduction in the levels  of vit.D that measured by using  sera of women patients suffering from T2DM, (12.97 ± 8.9) as compared with control subjects, (18.95 ± 7.1).
Conclusions  the present study conclude that, the measurement of vit.D are significantly  reduced   when measured  in women patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes sera, as compare to healthy subjects and also reduced in the sera of women patients suffering from GDM,  as compared with control subjects.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.026
The effect of treatment by L-carnitine for infertile men on semen parameters
Authors: Jihad Manssor1 Abdul Rahman , Mubarak Al–Mahdawi1 Zaid Mohammed , Mustafa Hadi2 Azzawi
Published: May 2020

L-Carnitine (LC) is highly concentrated in the epididymis and plays a crucial role in sperm metabolism and maturation.
They are related to sperm motility and have antioxidant properties. The objective of this review is to summarize the multiple roles played by LC in male reproduction, and to highlight their limitations as well as their benefits in the treatment of male infertility. A variety of studies support the conclusion that LC at total daily amounts of at least 500mg  per day can significantly improve both sperm concentration and total sperm counts among men with astheno – or oligoasthenozoospermia. Although many clinical trials have demonstrated the beneficial effects of LC in selected cases of male infertility.
Additional, a well – designed study is necessary to further validate the use of carnitines in the treatment of patients  with male infertility, specifically in men with poor semen  quality . 
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.027
A Comparison Effect of Dysmenorrhea and Secondary Amenorrhea in the Concentration of Some Biochemical and Some Hormones in Women in Tikrit City
Authors: Salman Al-Hamdany Wahbi Abdulqader , Khalil Gaffar May
Published: May 2020

This study was conducted in the city of Tikrit – Salaha-Din General Hospital for the period from November 2017 to June 2018 to compare the effects of dysmenorrhea and secondary amenorrhea in blood glucose concentrations, cholesterol, and some hormones FSH, LH, PRL, Progesterone, Estrogen, and Testosterone in women in Tikrit. Salahal-Den government the number of women with dysmenorrhea, secondary amenorrhea, and healthy (30) in all women group respectively. 5ml blood was withdrawn from all women in the study and the serum was separated by common laboratory methods. The results showed no significant differences between all study groups in blood glucose concentrations, while women with secondary amenorrhea were significantly higher (P≤0.05) in cholesterol concentrations compared to the healthy group and significantly higher (P≤0.01) for women with secondary amenorrhea in FSH, LH, PRL, Progesterone, E2, Testosterone compared to the group of women with dysmenorrhea and the group of healthy. The group of women with dysmenorrhea was significantly higher (P≤0.05) in Progesterone, Testosterone concentrations comported with the healthy women group and Women with dysmenorrhea. We conclusion that secondary amenorrhea was a more effective in increasing concentrations of hormones that prevent the occurrence of ovulation compared with the dysmenorrhea effects.
 
 http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.028
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infected in the Kirkuk native population and aassociated with serum ferritin and Iron levels/Iraq
Authors: M. Mohammad1 Nadia , M. Salih2 Sabah
Published: May 2020

An association of Helicobacter pylori and iron deficiency (ID) was conducted in Kirkuk city on 176 patients attending private laboratories in Kirkuk for the period from 1/8/2016  to  1/4/2017, blood sampling and a data col­lection survey were performed in 176 patients suffering from digestive problems and disorder ,120 of them with H.pylori, serum ferritin and iron were measured by ELISA and direct enzymatic method techniques respectively. the result showed that 67 (55.83%) of the patients have serum ferritin concentrations below the normal range indicating iron deficiency, 69 (57.5%) of the patients have iron concentrations below the normal range indicating iron deficiency
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.029
Spectrophtometric determination of Hydrochlorothiazaide by oxidative coupling with O-Phenylendiamine
Authors: Hameed Hasan1 Rahma Abdul , Khaleel2 Ali Ibraheem
Published: May 2020

This study includes the development of a new sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of a hydrochlorothaizide in aqueous solution and pharmaceultical preparations. The method is based on the oxidative coupling reaction of hydrochlorothaizide with O-phenylendiamine reagent in a acidic medium pH 1.5 in the presence of potassium ferricyanide  to produce an intense orange color, water soluble and stable product , which exhibits maximum absorption at 450 nm. Beer’s law is obeyed over the concentration arange 6 to 48 µg.ml-1 of hydrochlorothaizide, with a molar absorptivity of  3602.17  L.mo1-1 .cm -1 , Sandell’s sensitivity index of 0.03 µg.cm-2 , relative error range not more than 0.215% , and D.L 0.0835µg.ml-1 . The method has been successfully applied for the determination of hydrochlorothaizide in tablets.
 
http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.24.2019.030
Cytotoxic Effects of Vitamin D3 on Tumor Cell Lines
Authors: Mustafa Twana A. , Rasul Iman M.
Published: May 2020

Vitamin D3 is a potent antiproliferative agent against various tumor cells in vitro. Here, the results of Vitamin D3 study as a potential antitumor therapy in vitro are presented. Applying antiproliferative 3(4,5-dimethyl- 2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-terazolium bromide assays, the inhibitory effects of the Vitamin D were measured. The following cancer cell lines were employed: L20B (normal cell line) and RD (malignant rhabdomyosarcoma). Both cell lines were cultivated in 96-wells culture plates in the presence and absence of different doses of Vitamin D (10–6, 10–8, and 10–10 μg/ml) for 24 and 48 h. In vitro results of cytotoxic effects were variable on both cell lines, according to dose and exposure time, after 24 h exposure of RD, the highest concentration of Vitamin D3(10−6 μg/ml) treatment had significant effect in decreasing cell proliferation from O.D (0.4570 ± 0.0302) to (0.1540 ± 0.0017) as compared with negative control, with increasing concentrations the cytotoxicity is increased directly proportional; thus, the lowest cytotoxic effect was at the lowest concentration of both Vitamin D3 (10−12 μg/ml). While after 48 h, the same concentration of Vitamin D3 shows an increase in proliferation from 0.3710 ± 0.0023 to 0.4597 ± 0.0017 on the RD cell line. While a significant increase in L20B cell proliferation was observed after 24 h treatment at the concentration (10−6 μg/ml) from 0.3570 ± 0.0011 to 0.0330 ± 0.0017, when compared with the negative control. However, after 48 h treatment, a significant increases the proliferation of cells as shown from O.D 0.2927 ± 0.0008 to 0.4300 ± 0.0011, respectively. Thus, the present study was aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative property of Vitamin D and its relation to inhibition of cancer cell growth.
A Dual-band Planar Antenna for Wireless Local Area Network Applications
Authors: Fadhel Yasser A.
Published: May 2020

Wireless local area network (WLAN) communication is one of the fast and secure wireless technologies, which is vastly used in nowadays portable and handheld devices. This paper is oriented on designing of a planar WLAN antenna to serve in WLAN network devices. The designed antennas are single and dual-band planar monopole antennas to be working at IEEE 802.11 WLAN frequencies; 2.45 GHz and 5.2/5.8 GHz bands. Different configurations have been used in the design process, especially for the dual-band antenna, where dual-resonant is required. The antennas have been designed analytically then simulated using the CST software package. Simulation results for the input reflection coefficient, realized gain, and radiation pattern have been considered to evaluate their features. The antennas have also been fabricated practically and practical measurements for the input reflection coefficient and radiation pattern have been taken which shown a good agreement with those of simulation.
Assessing of Oil Refinery Plant Residues on Soil Contamination in Kasnazan District – Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan Region
Authors: Ahmed Ismaeel T. , Ismael Darseem B.
Published: May 2020

This investigation conducted on April 01, 2015, of the different locations surrounding oil refinery factories near the Kasnazan district on Sulaimani road (Latitude 36.211N, Longitude 44.157E), to assess the effects of oil refinery factory residues on soil contamination. Soil samples were collected towards (E and W) from the contamination source, with various distances (0.5, 1, and 1.5 m) and different depths (0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm) consequently. The concentrations of heavy metals such as chromium, iron, manganese, nickel, and zinc were sequentially extracted and measured using portable X-ray fluorescence at the soil and water department laboratories. The heavy metals concentration of the soil samples was significantly affected by both factors (distances and depths). Fe had the highest concentration value as ranged from 486.0 to 520.2 mg/kg with a mean (502.9 mg/kg), while Cr and Zn had the lowest concentration value, Cr ranged from 0.0 to 9.33 mg/kg with a mean (3.22 mg/kg) and Zn ranged from 0.0 to 1.9 mg/kg with a mean (1.43 mg/kg). Mn concentration ranged from 9.6 to 13 mg/kg with a mean (11.55 mg/kg) and Ni concentration ranged from 4.3 to 10.03 mg/kg with a mean (7.40 mg/kg). The geoaccumulation index values of most samples located under the class (1) uncontaminated to moderate index.
A Mathematical Model for Prediction the Embedment Depth of the Contiguous Piles Used in the Interchange of Zakho Entrance
Authors: Akrawi Najdat S. , Ahmed Shimal A.
Published: May 2020

Determination of the depths of the embedment of contiguous piles requires extensive soil investigation to obtain the soil physical parameters. In addition, a large number of such piles involved in restricted access projects make that depth an essential problem. A simple mathematical model for predicting the depth of embedment using the height of the retained soil, the standard penetration test values, and the bulk unit weight of the soils encountered for 261 pile data sets was introduced using an artificial neural network approach. The coefficient of determination equals to 0.99 for the tested the data reveal that the depth of embedment was accurate against those achieved in Zakho interchange. The importance and parametric studies obtained show that the major parameter which affects the depth of embedment was the height of the retained soil whereas the effect of other parameters is relatively less.
Estimation of Serum Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance and Lipid Profile in Beta-thalassemia Major Patients and their Correlation with Iron Overload in Koya City
Authors: Saleh Kochar K. , Abdullah Saman R. , Mekha Rukhosh E.
Published: May 2020

The current study focused on 43 patients who suffer from major beta-thalassemia at the hospital of shaheed Dr. Khaled in the Koya city. Out range, age of cases was 8.03 ± 4.0 and of controls was 7.81 ± 3.11 years. Our aim is to observe the prevalence of homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance and other physiological and biochemical changes in major beta-thalassemia. While we a significant changes confirm that serum glucose concentration was significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (P ≤ 0.01) and lipid abnormality occurs in beta-thalassemia major patients, which include high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), serum total cholesterol (TC), serum triglycerides (TG), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels compared with normal healthy controls. There was no significant difference between the serum insulin level of cases and controls (P = 0.214), the mean values of serum HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, TG, and VLDL in cases were 29.5 ± 7.8, 65.2 ± 1.9, 121.9 ± 36.7, 182.09 ± 43.1, and 26.47 ± 12.13 mg/dl, respectively. Moreover, the mean values of serum HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, TG, and VLDL in controls were 48.6 ± 4.2, 79.7 ± 14.5, 178.7 ± 14.6, 124.14 ± 12.1, and 23.52 ± 5.47 mg/dl, respectively. In conclusion, the results suggested that revealed that beta-thalassemia patients had hypertriglyceridemia, hypocholesterolemia, and low LDL-C, and HDL-C levels.
Association of Sleep Lack with Blood Pressure and Kidney Functions among Young People in Erbil City
Authors: Omar Ali Z. , Maulood Ismail M. , Hamad Kareem K. , Ali Hero N. , Bapir Shayma B. , Mahmud Almas M.
Published: May 2020

Short sleep duration could be deemed a risk factor in occurring cardiovascular system and renal physiological malfunctions. Hence, the present study carried out from December 2018 to January 2019, intended to investigate the association between sleep lack with a circulation system and kidney functions among both genders of students (12 females plus 25 males) who have 18–23 years age and attending Salahaddin University-Erbil. The trial included a sleep lack group (sleep duration <6 h). The second group represented as a control (sleep duration >6 h). Blood pressure (BP) (systolic BP [SBP], diastolic BP [DBP], and mean arterial pressure [MAP]) and weights were estimated for both groups. Blood samples were taken to determine serum creatinine utilizing fully automatically biochemical analyzer and also glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated and calculated according to the Cockcroft-Gault equation. The procured results revealed that SBP was elevated in all participants in the sleep lack group as compared to the control group, while no significant change in DBP was perceived. Furthermore, MAP was increased in all volunteers in the sleep-deprived group. The results also demonstrated that the serum creatinine was raised and concomitantly estimated GFR values were elevated in sleep-deprived group as compared to the control group. Pursuant to the receiver operating characteristic curve, serum creatinine can be a risk factor for sleep lack as well. In the light of the current study, it has been concluded that the sleep lack has a role in elevating SBP but not DBP and it was related with hypertension. Furthermore, the results indicated that serum creatinine was significantly increased in students with sleep lack.
Detection of Helicobacterpylori Antigens among Patients with Gastroenteritis in Erbil City, Iraq
Authors: Majeed Pshtewan D. , Saleh Karim J. , Abdullah Hussein M.
Published: May 2020

Helicobacter pylori is a significant pathogen of the gastrointestinal tract infection connected with gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric carcinoma. Its infection influence more than half of the world’s inhabitants. This study aims to reveal the prevalence rate of H. pylori infection among patients with gastroenteritis and to investigate the risk factors such as age, gender, residency, blood group and rhesus factors related to this infection in Erbil city. Of 300 stool specimens from patients presenting with gastroenteritis who were admitted to Rizgary Teaching Hospital, Erbil, Iraq, from September 2018 to February 2019 were collected and screened for the presence of H. pylori antigens using rapid immunochromatographic assay (Camp Medica Group, Bucharest, Romania). A questionnaire sheet was prepared and used for each study subject. Of 300 samples examined, H. pylori were detected in 79 samples (26.33%). The highest rate of H. pylori infection was founded among the age group 21–30 years, but there were no significant differences between them (P > 0.05). A significant relationship between H. pylori infection and gender (male 19.05% and female 33.33%) was recorded (P < 0.05). There was a significant association between H. pylori infection and ABO blood group among patients (P < 0.05), but there is no significant association between H. pylori infection and the type of rhesus factor (P > 0.05) that H. pylori infection was higher in rhesus factor negative compared to rhesus factor positive. The prevalence was significantly higher among rural area (55.56%) than urban area (23.44%) (P < 0.05). We concluded that the spread of H. pylori positive rate was high among patients with gastroenteritis in Erbil city. The great prevalence of H. pylori was founded in the patients with O blood group, urban area, and females. There was no significant association between H. pylori infection and age groups and rhesus factor.
Treatment of Wastewater Disposal from the General Hospital in Tuz Region Using Alum and Bentonite
Authors: Ali Shno M.
Published: May 2020

The general hospital in Tuz town in Iraq suffers from the absence of a wastewater treatment plant, in which the disposals of the hospital are discharged directly into the sewerage system. The aim of this study is to use simple and basic methods for treating wastewater from the general hospital in Tuz Town using bentonite clay and alum with different dosages by methods of coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation using Jar test, to measure the general characteristics of wastewater such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), potential of hydrogen (PH), electrical conductivity (EC), nitrates (NO3), phosphates (PO4), hardness, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), turbidity, chlorides (Cl), and sulfates (SO4). The results showed that bentonite clay was more effective than alum in removing pollutants from wastewater. The removal efficient of COD and BOD5 was 65% and 57%, respectively, at the optimum dosage of bentonite clay, whereas the efficient removal of COD and BOD5 using alum was 60% and 48%, respectively. Higher efficiency removal of turbidity was 75% for bentonite and 65% for alum; the higher value of efficiency removal was 68% for NO3 and 60% for PO4 while the higher efficiency using the treatment with alum was 58% for NO3 and 49% for PO4. The changing in the value of pH was decreased with increasing the dosages of alum, for the first dosage 20 mg/l, the value of PH was 7.1 then it was decreased to reach 6.2 at 120 mg/l, whereas bentonite shows increasing in value of PH to reach 7.6 at dosage of 120 mg/l.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Carbamazepine in Pharmaceutical Formulations Based on its Reaction with a Brominating Agent
Authors: Rizgar Warda , Ali Diyar S.
Published: May 2020

Two accurate spectrophotometric methods described for the estimation of carbamazepine (CBZ) in both pharmaceutical and pure form. These methodologies are attached to the bromination of CBZ by bromine formed in instantly from the bromate-bromide reaction. The general procedure includes the additional of a known amount of bromate-bromide reagent in an acidic mediocre to CBZ. After the reaction is integrated, the unreacted bromine was reacted with a steady amount of methylene blue, and the absorbance was measured at 665 nm (method A) or, cresol red could be used for the reaction and the absorbance moderated at 517 nm (method B). Beer’s law was submitted from 0.45 to 15.00 μg/mL CBZ with a molar absorptivity of 4.93 × 103 L/mol.cm for method A and from 0.50 to 12.00 μg/mL CBZ with a molar absorptivity of 1.37 × 104 L/mol.cm for method B. The proposed methods were effective for the determination of CBZ in tablets with great precision and accuracy.
Dosimetric Analysis with Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy for Central Nervous System Irradiation in Patients with Brain Cancer Compared with Three-dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy Treatment
Authors: Omer Noor S. , Ali Runak T.
Published: May 2020

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) was put as the development of three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT). The purpose of the present study is to compare the dosimetric analysis of two techniques of radiotherapy (IMRT) and 3D-CRT, which include target volume and organ at risk for both plans. The present study enrolled that nine patients with different types of brain cancer which previously irradiated from November 2018 to May 2019 were selected in Zhianawa Cancer Center in Sulaymaniyah; all cases were planned again by both techniques 3D-CRT and IMRT. IMRT planning provides reducing the dose of both right and left optic nerve mean dose for right optic nerve 13.70 Gy and left 14.93 Gy compared with the 3D-CRT plan (right optic nerve 23.54 Gy and left 19.13 Gy). P = 0.2 for the right optic nerve and P = 0.56 for the left optic nerve were statistically significant. IMRT plan reduces dose to the optic chiasm compared to 3D-CRT plan, the mean dose of optic chiasm for IMRT was 33.37 Gy relative to 3D-CRT which was 34.28 Gy and P = 0.92. IMRT plan was better than 3D-CRT for many organs at risk, especially for optic chiasm and both optic nerve deliver less dose than 3D-CRT.