bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Interdisciplinary Approaches to Teaching Islam and Science: Strategies, Innovations and Best Practices
Authors: Sulaiman Muhammad Auwal
Published: January 2024

Islam and science are two fields that have been traditionally viewed as incompatible, but there has been an increasing interest in exploring their intersection in recent years. Interdisciplinary approaches to teaching Islam and science have emerged as a way to bridge the gap between these two fields and encourage critical thinking. This paper aims to explore interdisciplinary approaches to teaching Islam and science, including strategies, innovations, and best practices. The paper call the need for interdisciplinary approaches. It then examines different interdisciplinary approaches, such as integrating Islamic perspectives into science education and using science to explain Islamic concepts. One of the key strategies for teaching Islam and science is to provide a historical and cultural context for students. This can help students understand the development of science in Islamic civilization and how it relates to contemporary scientific advancements. Additionally, providing an Islamic perspective on scientific concepts can help students understand their compatibility. Another important approach is to use experiential learning methods such as field trips and lab experiments to help students understand the practical application of scientific concepts in the real world. This can be combined with traditional Islamic learning methods such as memorization and recitation to create a more holistic approach to teaching Islam and science. Innovative approaches such as the use of digital tools and social media can also be effective in engaging students and promoting dialogue. While, social media can be used to share scientific advancements in Islamic countries and highlight the contributions of Muslim scientists. Overall, interdisciplinary approaches to teaching Islam and science are essential for promoting critical thinking, dialogue, and a better understanding of the compatibility between these two fields. The strategies, finally, the paper can serve as a guide for educators looking to develop interdisciplinary approaches to teaching Islam and science in their classrooms.
Challenges of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Nigeria: Lessons for the Implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors: Oyekan Margaret , Momoh Zekeri
Published: January 2024

This study examines the challenges of implementing the MDGs in Nigeria. Nevertheless, the secondary method of data collection and evaluative method was employed in this research work especially data from the office of the Senior Special Assistant to the president on MDGs (OSSAP), the National Bureau of statistics (NBS), National poverty Eradication programme (NAPEP), text books, internet etc. while content analysis was used to analyse the data collected. This study revealed that poor infrastructural development, poverty, bad governance, corruption, inadequacy and misapplication of Fund, leading to lack of value for money and many more have impeded the implementation of MDGSs in Nigeria. Although, Nigeria has made appreciable progress on Goals 2 and 8, as well as some partial progress on Goals 3 and 6, but faces serious challenges on Goals 4, 5 and 7 and some indictors of Goals 6. Therefore, there is the need to consolidate on areas where progress has been made in the SDGs project while concrete effort is required to get the country back on track in the areas where it faces serious challenges during the implementation of the MDGs. This underscores the need to address implementation bottlenecks and defects in current SDGs implementation policies. Finally, government should provide opportunities for greater involvement of the private sector, civil society organizations and development partners in the implementation, monitoring and evaluation of SDGs – related projects.
Retoryka konfliktu. Wojny i spory Wrocławia z Kościołem w późnym średniowieczu (uwagi wstępne)
Authors: Manikowska Halina
Published: January 2024

The rhetoric of conflict. Wars and disputes between Wrocław and the Church in the late Middle Ages (introductory remarks)

Drawing on the documentation of Wrocław’s conflicts with the Church in the late Middle Ages, the author emphasises the importance of research into language and rhetoric, topics virtually absent from previous studies devoted to the subject. Until Wrocław’s war with King George of Poděbrady in the second half of the fifteenth century, a vast majority of this documentation originated in church chancelleries. Analysing mainly fourteenth- century sources, created during fierce disputes over the (non-)payment of Peter’s pence and the conflicts of John of Luxembourg and some Silesian dukes with the Bishop of Wrocław, in which the city of Wrocław was involved, the author concludes that the strongly formalised vocabulary and rhetoric of trial records and the accompanying writings depended primarily on the classifications (ranks) — which belonged to different orders — of the committed/ prosecuted about act (crime), the Church’s claims and the punishment/compensation it demanded, as well as the need to make the connection between attacking the Church and sin apparent. We, therefore, need to bear in mind not only the obvious and necessary dependence of this rhetoric on the procedure and form of court records as well as letters to various instances (including the highest instance, the pope), its role as a purely legal argument, but also the need to express moral condemnation of the incriminated act and demonstrate its relation to sin. Instead, a resolution of the dispute and removal of the excommunication and interdict required conciliatory language and rhetoric that stripped the previously incriminated acts, events and condemned perpetrators of their status as criminal attacks on the Church and its laws. The vocabulary and rhetoric present in sources dating as far back as the late thirteenth and first half of the fourteenth century, and used to describe the city’s conflicts with the Church remained relevant until the end of the Middle Ages. In the second part of the article the author challenges the classification of the description, included in Chronica Principum Poloniae, of Bishop Nanker’s excommunication of King John of Luxembourg and the Wrocław councillors (1339) as an account of actual events said to have taken place in the Franciscan Monastery in Wrocław. In her opinion, the scene was made up in its entirety (the excommunication and interdict were indeed imposed) and was used by the author of the chronicle to attribute to Nanker (d. 1341) involvement in the establishment of the Archbishopric of Prague in 1344.
Walka klas na pół etatu. Obrzeża polskiego międzywojennego ruchu komunistycznego
Authors: Bertram Łukasz
Published: January 2024

Part-time class struggle. The fringes of the Polish inter-war communist movement

This article is to examine some obscure forms of involvement in the Polish inter-war communist movement: the Communist Party of Poland and its subordinate organisations. The author focuses on the fringes of the movement, a borderland between a revolutionary, subversive organisation and the “outside world”. There is a particular emphasis on the perspective of men and women operating in this borderland. The protagonists of the paper are communism “sympathisers” — those who did not belong to the organisation, but identified with its ideas and provided support to it, as well as members of the organisation whose ties to the movement, however, were loose or who gradually moved away from active involvement. In contrast to the dominant depictions focused on public figures, intellectuals, and artists, the author deals with “ordinary” plebeians or white-collar workers. The article provides answers to some important questions about belonging to the communist formation, but also about involvement in the political sphere in general. It reveals tensions between the ideological self-identification of individuals and its recognition by the reference group, as well as the patterns and limits of personal agency in a clandestine political movement. In addition, the author considers the role of both ideological factors as well as “biographical accessibility” (determinants such as health or family conditionings) in individuals’ definition of their role in the political sphere. The source material for the article primarly consists of ego- documents from archival personal files, allowing for a reflection on strategies of favourable self-presentation and mechanisms of party self-criticism.
Chrześcijańskie Stowarzyszenie Społeczne w rzeczywistości politycznej PRL w latach 1957–1974
Authors: Orzełek Ariel
Published: January 2024

The Christian Social Association in the political reality of the Polish People’s Republic in 1957–1974

Formed in October 1957, the Christian Social Association was founded on the basis of a breakaway group in the ‘PAX’ Association, referred to as ‘secession’. In late September and early October 1957, its leader, Jan Frankowski, removed from the editorial board of the group’s weekly Za i Przeciw leading ‘secession’ activists, who styled themselves ‘non- affiliated democratic left’. He established a small Catholic organisation which had a loyalist programme, and which was intended not to cause trouble for the authorities, gaining some political and economic concessions in return. However, Frankowski did not want to come into open conflict with the Church, a stance that irritated the communists, who wanted to strengthen the association in order to use it to fight the Episcopate and other Catholic groups. In the 1960s an opposition to Frankowski emerged within the organisation’s leadership, seeking to activate the association. In 1968, the president of the association lost Zenon Kliszka’s patronage, which, in the atmosphere of the March political purge, facilitated his dismissal. Zygmunt Filipowicz, an MP, became the new head of the organisation, but he drew his support from several activists who were in conflict with each other. The course of events within the association and the struggle between volatile coalitions resulted in 1972 in a clash between the general secretary, Kazimierz Morawski, and Stanislaw Jan Rostworowski, MP, both seeking to become the organisation’s president. Both were Ministry of Internal Affairs agents and their conflict led to chaos throughout the organisation. In the end, with the support of the communists, Morawski became the president, while Rostworowski was marginalised. The Christian Social Association was unable to win political independence or genuinely increase its importance within the country’s political system, and Rostworowski’s attempts to change this state of affairs had a significant impact on his defeat.
Revolusi Teknologi dalam Efektivitas Pencegahan Kejahatan Laut: Sebuah Evaluasi terhadap Teknologi Canggih dalam Deteksi dan Penanggulangan Aktivitas Ilegal
Authors: Nugraha Alvian , Permatasari Pita , Wijayanthi Fatimah Ratna
Published: January 2024

Indonesia, sebagai negara kepulauan dengan posisi geografis strategis, menghadapi tantangan keamanan maritim yang kompleks di tengah kemajuan teknologi informasi dan globalisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi dan tantangan integrasi teknologi canggih dalam mendeteksi dan mencegah kejahatan laut. Metode penelitian kualitatif diterapkan dengan mengumpulkan data dari sumber-sumber hukum yang relevan dan menerapkan pendekatan deduktif. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa, meskipun teknologi canggih seperti penginderaan jauh dan otomasi memberikan potensi besar dalam meningkatkan pengawasan maritim, ada tantangan signifikan, termasuk efektivitas teknologi, aksesibilitas, dan aspek hukum terkait. Kolaborasi antar instansi dan integrasi teknologi dalam strategi keamanan maritim dianggap esensial untuk menghadapi tantangan-tantangan ini. Dalam menghadapi ini, Indonesia fokus pada pengembangan sistem keamanan maritim komprehensif dan integrasi teknologi canggih. Meskipun teknologi menyediakan solusi inovatif, penerapannya juga membawa berbagai tantangan, termasuk efektivitas, aksesibilitas, dan pertimbangan hukum. Evaluasi mendalam diperlukan untuk memastikan penerapan teknologi yang efisien dalam deteksi dan penanggulangan kejahatan laut.
THE INFLUENCES OF PEER FEEDBACK IN IMPROVING EFL LEARNERS’ WRITING PERFORMANCES
Authors: Wijaya Kristian Florensio
Published: January 2024

Enhancing EFL learners’ writing performances should not solely rely on one-shot feedback imparted by second language educationalists but rather a joint endeavor where collaborative and mutual feedback exists to insistently support the ongoing writing learning enterprises. The further usage of peer feedback fully suits the aforementioned writing learning aspiration in which EFL learners collaboratively address a vast variety of beneficial suggestions, comments, and advice intended for the betterment of their writing performances. This present small-scale qualitative study was manifested in the form of an annotated bibliography review to comprehensively unravel the particular impacts of peer feedback in elevating EFL learners’ writing performances. To fulfill this major study objective, the researcher employed a document analysis method in reviewing the previously generated research results to yield more credible and understandable research results. To ascertain the relevance and applicability of the reviewed research results, the researcher also selected 10 prior peer feedback and writing investigations. The research results revealed that through the constant employment of peer feedback, worldwide EFL learners have progressively transfigured into more proactive, viable, and proficient writers since they conducted more efficient writing revisions in accord with their learning counterparts’ useful comments.
The influence of alkaline promoters on the properties of the Ni/HAp catalyst in the methane dry reforming reaction
Authors: Cichy Marcin , Zawadzki Witold
Published: January 2024

The reforming of methane with carbon dioxide is still of great interest due to the ever-increasing demand for synthesis gas and hydrogen. This process makes it possible to use two major gases that are considered harmful to the environment. The main problem for its commercial application is the lack of a catalyst that is both active, selective towards syngas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) and resistant to deactivation by coke deposition. Nickel is the most commonly used metal in methane reforming reactions due to its high activity and reasonable price. But still there is a gap in the literature for research on novel catalysts and their properties modifications devoted to strategies to reduce deactivation of the catalysts caused by the coke formation. In the present work a series of hydroxyapatite supported nickel catalysts promoted by alkali metals (Li, Na, K and Cs) were tested. The surface and structural properties of the catalysts were well characterized by physicochemical methods. Activity and selectivity were measured at 600 oC for 20 hours’ time-on-stream test. Resistance to coking was measured with Magnetic Suspension Balance. The stability of the catalyst was improved by the addition of promoters, which reduced the rate of coking. In particular, the cesium-promoted Ni/HAp catalyst significantly inhibited coke deposition, while slightly reducing methane conversion and selectivity to hydrogen.
Penerapan Aplikasi E-Cuti Berbasis Web Dengan Extreme Programming (Studi Kasus: Pengadilan Agama Jakarta Barat)
Authors: Siswopranoto Agung , Saputri Galuh
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

The West Jakarta Religious Court is one of the divisions of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia, now the leave process at the West Jakarta Religious Court is conventional or in the sense of the word manual. From the results of my observations at the West Jakarta Religious Court, employees need to take a leave application form at the personnel division. After that, the employee needs to fill out a form and ask for a signature from the Head of Sub-Division of each division to obtain leave permission. Then from the Head of the Sub-Division continued by asking for the signature of the Head of the West Jakarta Religious Court. After obtaining signatures from the West Jakarta Religious Court, the form is continued back to the Head of Personnel Sub-Section to recap data and reduce the employee's remaining leave. Based on this problem, a solution is proposed to overcome this problem, namely by creating a Web-based employee E-Leave application at the West Jakarta Religious Court, using the PHP programming language and MySQL database, as well as a software development method using Extreme Programming. Testing on the E-Leave application used ISO 25010 with two aspects of testing, namely the functionality usability aspect and obtaining 100% results and the operability aspect obtaining 85.24% results.

Keyword: West Jakarta PA Leave, Extreme Programming, Web, ISO 25010
Clinical Efficacy of Tongxinluo Capsule Combined with Nutritional Support on Coronary Heart Disease Angina Pectoris
Authors: Xue Zhongwen , Wang Lizhong , Zhang Wei , Gao Dequan , Liu Tiejun
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to explore the impact of the Tongxinluo capsule combined with nutritional support on the clinical efficacy and nutritional status of patients with coronary heart disease angina pectoris. A total of 118 patients admitted to our hospital between August 2022 and May 2023 were divided into a control group and an observation group. Patients in the control group underwent routine treatment and nutritional interventions. Patients in the observation group received Tongxinluo capsules and tailored nutritional treatments. The observation group had a higher total effective rate, left ventricular ejection fraction, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level than the control group. Conversely, it had lower left ventricular end-systolic diameter, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels compared to the control group. Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor α, hypersensitive C-reactive protein levels, plasma viscosity, hematocrit, high-cut whole blood viscosity, fibrinogen level, and body mass index of the observation group were also lower than the control group. The incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups was not significant (P > 0.05). Tongxinluo capsule, combined with nutritional support effectively and safely treats coronary heart disease angina pectoris and can improve patients’ cardiac function index.
Clinical Impact of Risk Pre-warning Nursing Model Combined with Early Nasojejunal Enteral Nutrition on Nutritional Status, Neurological Function and Negative Emotions in Patients with Severe Stroke
Authors: Qu Dandan , Gu Dongmei , Yi Ping , Xu Chunxiang , Zuo Yanyu , Ding Caiyun
Published: January 2024

The present study aimed to clarify the practical implications of implementing a risk pre-warning nursing model combined with early nasojejunal enteral nutrition in patients with severe stroke. One hundred patients with severe stroke treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, China between January 2022 and June 2023 were recruited. The control group received early enteral nutrition support and conventional nursing, whereas the experimental group was subjected to a risk pre-warning nursing model. After the intervention, the serum albumin, prealbumin, and total protein levels were higher in the experimental group than in the control group. However, the experimental group demonstrated shorter bowel sound recovery, anal exhaust, and anal defecation times. The incidence of complications was lower in the experimental group (4.0%) than in the control group (18.0%). The experimental group exhibited a reduction in intensive care unit hospitalization time, total hospitalization time, and expenses than the control group. The National Institute of Health stroke scale, self-rating depression scale, and self-rating anxiety scale scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group. In conclusion, early nasojejunal nutrition with risk pre-warning nursing model can improve nutritional status and gastrointestinal function, regulate neurological function, alleviate negative emotions, reduce complications, and shorten the hospital stay of patients with severe stroke.
Identification of Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) in Milk: Scoping review
Authors: Lazareva Ekaterina G. , Fomenko Oleg Yu.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Since 2019, there has been a growing interest in assessing the potential risks of animal viral infections mutating into a form dangerous for humans. Research in the field of livestock product safety is being conducted in several directions, including the analysis and assessment of the impact of the most common cattle diseases on the quality and safety of the raw materials obtained. Of particular interest is the identification of Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) in milk. Monitoring this virus will not only allow for the timely tracking of its presence in farmsteads, but also to evaluate the quality and safety of raw milk used for further dairy product production.

Purpose: To analyze the main research directions in the field of molecular-genetic approach to the detection of bovine leukemia virus in cow's milk.

Materials and Methods: This scoping review was carried out according to the  protocol PRISMA-ScR. The articles were selected from the SCOPUS and ScienceDirect databases. The main criterion for including a publication in the review was the presence of information about the detection of BLV in milk by PCR method. Acceptance criteria also included document language (English), its type and status (published, peer-reviewed, review, and empirical articles) with no limitations on years.

Results: In total, 3688 documents were extracted, among which a screening for duplicates was carried out, resulting in the extraction of 2905 search results for further analysis. At the stage of selecting publications by title and abstract, 2601 articles that did not match the context of the subject field review and the type of publication were excluded. Upon studying the full text of 38 articles, 23 were excluded. As a result of the analysis of the selected sources, 15 publications were included in the review. The studies analyzed were based both on simple and multi-stage methods of BLV identification. The source of biomaterial were blood, colostrum, raw milk, and meat from different animal samples.

Conclusion: This scoping review is the first to summarize molecular-genetic approaches to the detection of BLV in milk. The presented results indicate the presence of a scientific base of methods for identifying BLV for further development of methods for controlling the presence of the virus and its proviral load in products, tightening control over the spread of economically harmful infectious diseases, potentially directly or indirectly dangerous for any consumer of dairy products.
Polysaccharide-Controlled Crystallization of Lactose in Sweetened Condensed Milk
Authors: Barkovskaya Irina Alexandrovna , Kruchinin Alexander Gennadievich , Turovskaya Svetlana Nikolaevna , Illarionova Elena Evgenievna , Bolshakova Ekaterina Ivanovna
Published: January 2024

Introduction: One of the main problems when storing sweetened condensed milk is the formation of organoleptically perceptible lactose crystals larger than 10 microns. To prevent this defect, the technology of introducing a fine-crystalline lactose seed has widely proven itself, ensuring the production of a high-quality product. However, this traditional technology is energy-intensive, requires large production areas and metal-intensive equipment in the form of vacuum crystallizers. In this regard, research into alternative approaches that prevent spontaneous crystallization of lactose during the production of sweetened condensed milk remains relevant.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to create a composition of polysaccharides to prevent the formation of organoleptically perceptible lactose crystals in sweetened condensed milk

Materials and Methods: The materials used were commercial samples of skimmed milk powder, sugar, polysaccharides and whey protein hydrolyzate powder. The work used the methods of rotational viscometry, electron microscopy and the method of sorption-capacitance determination of bound water

Results: The paper presents data on the influence of individual polysaccharides, as well as their complexes on the process of crystallization of lactose in concentrated milk systems with sugar on the formation of a stable structure of matrices, reflecting the ability to have both positive and negative effects of hydrocolloids on the process of crystallization of lactose and changes in dynamic viscosity. For multicomponent complex systems containing carboxymethylcellulose, sodium alginate, tara gum, locust bean gum and gum arabic, both a synergistic effect, consisting in the intermolecular interaction of polysaccharides and slowing down the spontaneous crystallization of lactose, and an antagonism effect, manifested in an increase in crystal size, have been established

Conclusion: The composition containing tara gum, carboxymethylcellulose and gum arabic showed the most pronounced properties for inhibiting the growth of lactose crystals, as well as high thixotropic properties. In practical terms, the use of this complex additive for the production of condensed milk products with sugar by the method of restoring dry components can replace the classical process of seeding fine-crystalline lactose, and, accordingly, reduce the energy and metal consumption of the process of crystallization of lactose in the product
Paciento paruošimas chirurginei operacijai. Praktiniai patarimai šeimos gydytojui
Authors: Veličkaitė Viltė , Kundelis Ričardas , Simanavičienė Dalia
Published: January 2024

Paciento paruošimas chirurginei operacijai priklauso nuo veiksnių, susijusių su pacientu, operacijos tipo, vietos ir laiko. Klinikinėje praktikoje rekomenduojama vertinti chirurginę riziką, siekiant identifikuoti pacientų grupes, kurioms gretutinių ligų prevencijos, diagnostikos ir gydymo priemonės bus svarbiausios prieš numatomą nekardiochirurginę operaciją (NKO). Šiame straipsnyje pateikiama susisteminta informacija apie pacientų priežiūros rekomendacijas prieš ir po NKO. Tikslas. Analizuojant mokslinę literatūrą, išnagrinėti ir aprašyti paciento priežiūros rekomendacijas prieš ir po NKO. Metodika. Šiame straipsnyje pateikiama apibendrinta mokslinės literatūros apžvalga, kurios pagrindą sudaro Europos kardiologijos draugijos gairės [1] bei atrinkti literatūros šaltiniai „PubMed“ duomenų bazėje. Dauguma analizuojamų publikacijų yra ne senesnės nei 10 metų. Išvados. Priešoperacinės būklės vertinimo pagrindą sudaro klinikinis paciento tyrimas ir funkcinis įvertinimas arba patikra dėl senatvinio silpnumo sindromo (vyresnio amžiaus pacientams), laboratoriniai ir neinvaziniai instrumentiniai tyrimai. Gretutinių ligų tyrimo ir gydymo planas turėtų būti sudaromas individualiai, atsižvelgiant priešoperacinę NKO riziką ir diagnostikos bei gydymo gairių rekomendacijas. Veiksminga perioperacinio ir antitrombozinio gydymo stebėsena leidžia užtikrinti optimalią paciento apsaugą nuo tromboembolinių ir kraujavimo komplikacijų, atliekant NKO ir po jos.
Vaikų gerybinės aritmijos
Authors: Šileikienė Rima , Jonkienė Greta
Published: January 2024

Tyrimo tikslas. Apžvelgti dažniausiai vaikams pasireiškiančias gerybines aritmijas, indikacijas kardiologiniam tyrimui, prognozę ir baigtis. Metodika. Remiantis informacija, pateikta „Pubmed“ ir „UpToDate“ duomenų bazėse, atlikta literatūros apžvalga apie vaikų gerybinių aritmijų diagnostiką, prognozę, baigtis. Rezultatai ir išvados. Gerybinėms aritmijoms priskiriamos šios beimptomės aritmijos: sinusinė tachikardija, sinusinė bradikardija, pirmojo laipsnio atrioventrikulinė (AV) blokada, sinusinė (kvėpuojamoji) aritmija, prieširdžių ekstrasistolės ir pavienės skilvelių ekstrasistolės. Gerybinių aritmijų atvejais fizinis aktyvumas neribojamas, gyvybei pavojingų aritmijų rizika maža. Nenustačius organinės širdies patologijos, kai aritmija yra besimptomė, nėra grėsmingos aritmijos rizikos, tolesnis tyrimas, vaikų kardiologo stebėsena nereikalinga. Pacientai, kuriems nustatyta besimptomė gerybinė aritmija, stebimi šeimos gydytojo, o pasireiškus simptomams rekomenduojama vaikų kardiologo konsultacija dėl indikacijų nuodugniam tyrimui.
Successful Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Rate and Related Factors in Emergency Departments
Authors: Assadi Touraj , Manouchehri Ali Asghar , Bozorgi Farzad , Khatir Iraj Goli , Askari Solmaz
Published: January 2024

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, also called CPR, is a set of actions taken by conscious and willingindividuals to restore the functions of two vital heart and lung organs and deliver blood and oxygen to thebrain to prevent brain damage. This is an immediate intervention to prevent or delay death in a person whohas suddenly had a cardiopulmonary arrest. About 40 years have passed since the start of cardiopulmonaryresuscitation, so the survival rate is low. Research has shown that about 10 to 15 percent of people surviveafter resuscitation. Cardiac resuscitation is on the rise among hospitalized patients, so these measures andthe factors that contribute to its success are crucial.Our aim is to review the success rate of cardiopulmonaryresuscitation and its associated factors in emergency departments and hospitals. In this review study,keywords such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, cardiopulmonary arrest, emergency, underlying cause,success rate, resuscitation outcome and related factors and search on reputable Google scientific databasesScholar, Pubmed, Web of Science, WHO Web site, Articles and theses published between 1989 and 2019,and finally a number of sources were selected and critiqued, interpreted, and analyzed. We concluded at thetime of cardiopulmonary arrest, the speed of technicians, equipment, and devices and medicines used willincrease the chances of successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
An Epidemiological Study of Snake Envenomation in a Tertiary Care Hospital of North India
Authors: Amit Kumar  , Shweta Tanwar  , Rajesh Chetiwal  , Rajesh Patnaik Thonangi
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To study the epidemiological profile, clinical features, complications, and outcome of snake bite cases in a tertiary care teaching hospital in north India.Materials and Methods: A prospective cohort study of snake bites was carried out from June 2012 to October 2013. Data was collected regarding the socio-demographic profile, clinical features, complications, management and the outcome. The ICU LOS and the associated mortality were taken as the measures of outcome.Results: Out of the total 88, majority of the victims were rural men in the age group of 21-30 years. More than 90% of incidents were reported during the monsoon season. Neuroparalysis was present in 92% of patients. The mean bite to hospital time was 5.66 ± 1.78 hours. All patients had received polyvalent ASV with a mean dose of 20.85 ± 5.73 vials. 61.36% patients required ventilatory support with mean duration of 5.22 ± 7.69 days. The ICU LOS was observed to be 4.83 ± 6.96 days and associated mortality rate was 6.8%.Conclusion: There is urgent need to create awareness amongst the vulnerable population. To get a real picture of the burden, information need to be collected from community based surveys along with the peripheral primary healthcare centers
Do Nursing Students Have High Social Intelligence? Findings from Selected Nursing College, South India
Authors: Anju Philip.T  , Sunitha P.P  , Lakshmi S Babu  , Vrinda R
Published: January 2024

Background: Social intelligence is the capacity to know oneself and to know others. Social intelligence can be expressed as a measure of social awareness, social skills and social information process. Nursing is a career, which demands high level of social intelligence. The aim of the present study was to describe the social intelligence among nursing students in a selected nursing college, south India.Methods: Descriptive survey design was used to conduct the study among 323 Nursing students South India. After getting ethical clearance and informed consent from the subjects the data were collected during the month in March 2020 using the standardised tool “Tromso Social Intelligence Scale”. Cluster random sampling was used to conduct the study. Nursing students currently undergoing their course are included in the study and those who were suspended or dismissed from their course or absent during the time of data collection were excluded from the study.Results: Among 323 subjects’ majority 229 (70.9 %) were in <20 years of age. Most of the subjects 315 (97.5%) were females. The subjects are studying in the first, second, third and fourth year of the course. Two hundred and thirty (71.2 %) are belonged to rural community. The average social intelligence score is around 90 [Q1= 85, Q3= 95]. It is observed that variables such as age, year of study and occupation of father are significantly associated with Social intelligence score [p<0.05].Conclusions: From the present study, it is observed that nursing students are equipped with good levels of social intelligence.
Self-isolation of Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in a Tertiary Care Center – Association between their Sleep Quality, Anxiety Status and Social Capital
Authors: Avik Kumar Layek  , Nilanjana Ghosh  , Jagadish Biswas  , SpandanBhaduri
Published: January 2024

With the rapid spread of COVID-19 since its inception a year back, the frontline healthcare workers, who underwent isolation and quarantine following possible exposure, faced multiple psychiatric problems like deterioration of sleep quality and anxiety manifestations. Different demographic variables were found to be associated with their occurrence, as well as inter-relation between them were found to be common. We tried to examine the role of social support system as well to the appearance of such problems in the present study. After getting the ethical clearance, willing healthcare workers during their isolation and quarantine were presented questionnaires consisting of Socio-demographic proforma, Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Personal Social Capital Scale 16 (PSCS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data taken were analysed with independent t test and Fishers exact chi square test, Pearson’s correlation analysis and linear regression analysis. Majority of the subjects were married Hindu female from urban background, mostly doctor and nurse by profession. Independent T test revealed significant association between gender and anxiety status as well as between marital status and sleep quality. Positive correlation between the PSCS scores and the SAS scores (r=0.652, P<0.01) and negative correlations between the PSCS and PSQI scores and between the SAS and PSQI score were found albeit being statistically insignificant. Significant association was found between the SAS score and social bridging component of PSCS (Fishers exact chi sq. value 0.54 and p = 0.003). Anxiety score was significantly affected when the socio-demographic factors like gender, religion, marital status and scores of sleep quality (PSQI) and social capital (PSCS) were considered together as seen in the linear regression analysis.
Misinterpretation of Section 304A IPC vis-a-vis 304IPC in medical Negligence cases – Deliberate or Inadvertent?
Authors: Binay Kuma  , Avinash Kumar  , Vinita Kumari  , Ashok Rastogi  , Himanshi
Published: January 2024

Negligence is specific tort and in any given circumstances is the failure to exercise that care which the circumstances demand. What amounts to negligence depends on the facts of each particular case. The degree of care required in a particular case depends upon the surrounding circumstances, and may vary according to the amount of risk to be encountered and to the magnitude of the prospective injury. A basic knowledge of how judicial forums deal with the cases relating to medical negligence is of absolute necessity for doctors. The need for such knowledge is more now than before. In light of higher premium being placed by the Indian Forums on the value of human life and suffering, but sometimes misinterpretations are done deliberately or inadvertently when the doctors are charged for culpable homicide not amounting to murder (304 IPC) instead of medical negligence (304 A IPC). A case of medical negligence is being discussed in which a gynaecologist has been charged for 304IPC instead of 304A IPC. The scenario was that, the patient died after readmission in private hospital, who had delivered a healthy baby, managed properly and discharged by the Gynaecologist and suffered undiagnosed complications after discharge at home. The charge was framed that the doctor was absent from the hospital and the case was handled by nurses on telephonic conversation with doctor. Earlier also the doctors had been prosecuted under 304IPC instead of 304A IPC in lower courts and even high courts (e.g. Jacob Mathews V. State of Punjab, Dr. Suresh Gupta V. Govt. of NCT Delhi). But in many cases, finally Supreme Court set aside the judgement of high court and held that the doctors could not be criminally prosecuted.
The Hidden Smile- An Overview of the General and Oral Hygiene Status of Transgenders
Authors: Manikandan Shanmugam  , Kurunji Kumaran Navaneethakrishnan  , Bhaskar Venkatachalam  , Rajasigamani Kandasamy  , Krishna Prasanth Baalann
Published: January 2024

Transgenders constitute quite a sizeable population that remains a neglected group, facing much discrimination from the society in many respects especially in health. With their low self esteem and suicidal tendencies owing to neglect and shaming, financial constraints, they often neglect to maintain good personal hygiene. One such component is their oral health which is in a pitiful state. With this study we aim to assess the various factors that act as barriers to the transgender community obtaining quality dental care. Their healthcare access should be much more widened with their comfortable way of acceptance.
Oral Health Status and Oral Hygiene Practices among Children Having Parents with Different Levels of Dental Anxiety
Authors: Shilpa Warhekar  , Ashish Warhekar  , Vandana Pandey Tripathi
Published: January 2024

Background : The aim of this study was to identify parents with dental anxiety using Modified Dental Anxiety Scale and comparing different levels of dental anxiety with oral health status, oral hygiene practices and treatment needs of their children.Methods: This cross sectional study included 442 children and their parents. Informed consent form and structured proforma was handed over to children explaining the purpose of study. A structured proforma includes demographic data, oral hygiene practices, Dentition status & treatment need (WHO, 1997) of children. The study subjects were also provided with self-administered MDAS questionnaire to be filled by the parents consisting of 5 items to assess parental dental anxiety.Conclusion: Compared to children belonging to anxious parents, Children of non-anxious parents had less chances of having dental caries (Adjusted Odds ratio (OR) = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.336-1.010). More than 98% of study subjects were using toothbrush and toothpaste to brush their teeth once a day in horizontal scrubbing method. The caries experience among the study population was considerably less. The reason may be that the present study was conducted on school children and some school may be in the endemic fluoride region.
The Effect of Extended Parallel Process Model on Sexual Self- Control of Female Adolescents in Aliabad Kotoul in 2020
Authors: Tabarsa Mahboubeh , Roshangaran Farzaneh , Fakhreazizi Shahla , Khaloobagheri Elham , Hekmati Pour Nafise
Published: January 2024

Introduction: This study we aimed to examine the effect ofExtended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) on thesexual self-control of female adolescents in Aliabad Kotoul in 2020.Methods: This experimental study with two intervention and control groups was conducted on 50 secondyearhigh school female students in Aliabad Katoul, who had been selected by simple random samplingmethod. In the intervention group, 8 training sessions (45-60 minutes each) were carried out in groups of 6-7people, based on the EPPM for 2 months. Data were collected in both groups before and after the intervention,and then were analyzed by SPSS-16 statistical software using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Independent t-test did not show a significant difference between the intervention and control groupsbefore the intervention (P = 14.14) in terms of the score of sexual self-control, but after the intervention, itshowed a significant difference (P <0.01) between the two groups. Also, ANCOVA test showed a significantdifference between the two groups by removing the pre-test effect (p <0.01, Eta = 0.64), so that the EPPMwasable to increase the sexual self-control of samples in the intervention group.Conclusion: Considering the effectiveness of EPPM, the results showed that if people understand thatthey are at high risk of disease or health problem, they will be more sensitive towards performing high-riskbehaviors. Therefore, increasing awareness and creating sensitivity can play an important role in controllingbehaviors.
Magnitude of Unnatural Deaths amongst Autopsies Over a Period of 4 Years at a Tertiary Centre Catering to Both Urban and Rural Population
Authors: B S Udaya Shankar , B C2 Shivakumar , P L Sujatha , M R Tyagaraju
Published: January 2024

Descriptive study of “Magnitude of Unnatural deaths amongst autopsies” was carried out at a tertiary carecentrecatering to urban and rural populationwith aims todetermine cause & manner of unnatural deathsandto estimate its magnitude according to area and sex.840 cases (81%) fulfilled criteria,male: female ratio was 2.28:1. In urban & rural areas;vulnerable age groupwas 21-30 years (35% &29%) followed by 31-40 years (23% &20%); most cases were hanging (49%&32%) followed by RTA (27% & 31%) & poisoning (10% & 19%).Suicides (60% & 55%) were more thanaccidents (35% & 42%) & homicides (5% & 3%). Hanging was more common in urban, whereas RTA &poisoning common in rural areas. More percentage females succumbed to hanging & poisoning whereasmore males to RTA, electrocution & fall from height. Males succumbed mostly during 6 am-12 pm (161)& 8 pm-6 am (157); whereas females succumbed mostly during 6 am-12 pm (74) & 69 cases each in 12-4pm & 4-8 pm.This study indicates need of strategies to curb unnatural deathsthrough health education& safety measures,counseling & treatment of depression; and better roads with signal boards.Unnatural;Cause; Manner of death;Urban;Rural
Pattern of Injuries in Railway Fatalities at Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospital, Bangalore
Authors: Vijay Vidusha , Raghava S. Venkata
Published: January 2024

Background: The Indian Railways, started over 167 years ago, is among the world’s largest rail network. In acountry like India, the railway network is ideal for long-distance travel and movement of bulk commodities,apart from being an energy efficient and economic mode of conveyance and transport. Although beneficialin a multitude of ways, railway fatalities are known to cause tremendous loss, in terms of human lives aswell as economic forfeiture.Methods and results: A 7-month prospective and descriptive type of autopsy study was conducted at theDepartment of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Bowring and Lady Curzon Hospital attached to ShriAtal Bihari Vajpayee Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore. Out of 98 cases of railwayfatalities, maximum number of deaths belonged to 21- 30 years age group i.e., 33 cases (33.67%) with malepreponderance (88 cases – 89.79%). The Hindu community contributed to 54 cases (55.10%). Maximumcases occurred in the monsoon season (34 cases - 34.69%) and majority of victims were found dead at thescene (90 cases - 91.83%). The predominant manner of death was suicidal (49 cases - 50%) and the mostcommon cause for death was shock and hemorrhage (53 cases - 54.08%).Conclusion: Studies such as this, can help in better understanding of railway fatalities which can help policymakers in implementing counteractive measures to prevent accidental deaths, discourage suicidal deaths andto improve railway safety in general.
Effect of Different Types of Fat on Lipid Metabolism in Rats
Authors: Mawahib B. Gasim Al-Farhaan  , Azhar lateef Jabur  , Hanaa S. Khadem  , Mahdi M. Thuwaini
Published: January 2024

The current study was conducted to inquiries and to determine the impact of different edible oils in experimental animals. Sixty albino rats that were randomly divided into 6 groups of 10 animals. The groups were fed on dietary without fat(control) (Group I), corn oil (Group II), butter fat (Group III), refined palm oil(Group IV) sunflower oil (Group V) and frying fat more than one for 8 weeks. After 12 h of diet removal, blood was collected to measure serum lipid profile (T.C., HDL, LDL and T.G.) levels. Rats of Group A were kept as control by feeding rat normal chow diet. Animals (rats) of groups B, C, D, E & F where fed by corn, butter, palm, sunflower and frying fat more than one oils respectively, at the dose of 15% in feed for 8 weeks. The procedures included determination of body weight gain, lipid profiles and histopathological lesions in different organs. All experimental rats declared advance or delay weight gain during the research period relying on type of oil. GC & GF oil treated group show highest significant (P<0.05) body weight gain, while GB, GD& gE show lowest significant (P<0.05, (P<0.05, P<0.03) Respectively than control group. Rats fed on diet include butterfat and frying more than one had the increment levels of TG, TC & LDL, and lower the HDL level than control group. On the other hand, corn, palm, sunflower oils led to the lower levels of TG, TC & LDL, but the same oils or viz (corn, palm, sunflower oils ) had incremented the HDL level as compare to control group.However, dietary intake of vegetable oils improved lipid profile, while butterfat and frying more than one had the contrary impact.
The Intrasubject Variability in the Acute Phase Protein (Orosomucoid) Levels and their Influenced by Breast Malignancy
Authors: Shatha Abd Al-jabbar  , Rana M Hameed  , Wesen Adel Mehdi
Published: January 2024

Background: The major healthcare burden is breast cancer, screening services are expensive and difficult to organize, requiring major issues of administrative and quality control. however a potential biomarker that could help in the screening of the disease progress might improve the available routine mode of diagnosis. This study was aimed to examine the variability of Orosomucoid levels in breast cancer patients also to review the background documents on the state of the art of the scientific literature in this area of work.Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conduct on a breast cancer patients which were collected from oncology unit , Al-Hussein teaching Hospital in Kerbala / Iraq. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay system (ELISA) was performed using Sandwich method to measure the concentrations of serum Orosomucoid protein levels. Results: The primary stage of breast cancer was shown a wide spread range of the protein levels ( 95.4- 664.5 ng/ml) compared to the metastasis stage range (59.0- 376.3 ng/ml). The effect of disease duration and drug therapy also examine. Long term of duration of the disease with chemotherapy and/or hormonal therapy might decrease the level of protein, but, no significant differences were found.Conclusion: Since rosomucoid protein works as transporter, the protein may be used as an indication of the drug response due to decreased level in patients who were taking both chemotherapy and hormone therapy. Determination of serum rosomucoid protein could guide treating oncologist to have an idea to what extent the patients have response.