bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La incidencia de la opinión social en el grado de vulnerabilidad de los edificios patrimoniales. El caso del centro histórico de Popayán (Colombia)
Authors: Turbay Isabel , Ortiz Rocío , Arana María , Ortiz Pilar
Published: June 2020

El patrimonio urbano y arquitectónico de muchas ciudades en Hispanoamérica es vulnerable frente a amenazas de diversa índole; la exposición a fenómenos naturales y antrópicos son muchas veces las causas de su destrucción, sin embargo, uno de los factores más importantes que sin duda tiende a debilitarlo, es su relación directa e indirecta con las sociedades comprometidas y por tanto, el valor que ellas han de asignarle; por este motivo, la opinión de los ciudadanos se convierte en un elemento constituyente de la preservación o destrucción del patrimonio histórico. Este trabajo se centra en analizar la opinión social de los habitantes de Popayán, Colombia, sobre el patrimonio arquitectónico de su centro histórico. El instrumento Las encuestas fueron diseñadas por un equipo interdisciplinario de arquitectos, ambientalistas, químicos, historiadores, matemáticos, ingenieros, ... que trabajan en Inteligencia Artificial aplicada a la conservación preventiva de edificios patrimoniales, y fueron revisadas por un sociólogo. Los resultados se analizaron como parte del insumo para la construcción de herramientas para determinar los factores involucrados en el grado de debilidad que sufren los edificios históricos y estimar la vulnerabilidad y peligrosidad, ante distintas amenazas.
Reseña libro: Made in Malines. Les Statuettes Malinoises Ou Poupees de Malines de 1500-1540 : Etude Materielle Et Typologique
Authors: Carrassón López de Letona Ana , Gómez Marisa
Published: June 2020

Made in Malines. Les Statuettes Malinoises Ou Poupees de Malines de 1500-1540 : Etude Materielle Et TypologiqueAutor/es: Fanny Cayron, Delphine SteyaertEditado por: Institut royal du Patrimoine artistique. Bruxelles 2019ISBN 978-2-930054-37-7Dimensiones: 29,30 x 22 cmPáginas: 231Idioma: Francés
Presentación
Authors: Becerra Luna Javier , Ortiz Calderón Pilar
Published: June 2020

La cuarta edición del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia y Tecnología para la Conservación del Patrimonio Cultural, celebrada en Sevilla, España, del 26 al 30 de marzo de 2019, se centró en la aplicación de nuevas tecnologías digitales para la gestión sostenible, el conocimiento y la innovación social para la prevención, conservación y gestión del patrimonio.
Mathematical model of penetration of cylindrical electromagnetic fields with axial symmetry through the plane screen from permalloy
Authors: Erofeenko V. Т.
Published: June 2020

The method for solving the boundary-value problem of penetration of monochromatic electromagnetic fields with axial symmetry through the plane screen made from the permalloy is developed. The boundary-value problem is based on the use of differential Maxwell equations and complementary nonlinear differential equation for the field of magnetization, characterizing the permalloy. Classical boundary conditions of continuity of the tangential components of the fields and complementary boundary conditions for the field of magnetization on the face surfaces of the shield are used. For solution simplification of the boundary-value problem as a result of exclusion value the entering in nonlinear equation second-order infinitesimal, nonlinear task is transformed into linear task. Roots (wave numbers) of a dispersion algebraic equations of four order, which characterizing electromagnetic fields with axial symmetry in layer made from the permalloy, is constructed. The sequences of four forward and four backward counter-propagating electromagnetic waves with axial symmetry in the layer of permalloy is formed. Two-sided boundary conditions connecting electromagnetic fields with axial symmetry on both sides of the screen is constructed. The amplitudes of reflected and transient through the shield electromagnetic fields are calculated.
Image skeletonization based on combination of one- and two-sub-iterations models
Authors: Ma J. , Tsviatkou V. Yu. , Kanapelka V. K.
Published: June 2020

This paper is focused on the field of the skeletonization of the binary image. Skeletonization makes it possible to represent a binary image in the form of many thin lines, the relative position, sizes and shape of which adequately describe the size, shape and orientation in space of the corresponding image areas. Skeletonization has many variety methods. Iterative parallel algorithms provide high quality skeletons. They can be implemented using one or more sub-iterations. In each iteration, redundant pixels, the neighborhoods of which meet certain conditions, are removed layer by layer along the contour and finally they leave only the skeleton. Many one-sub-iterations algorithms are characterized by a breakdown in connectivity and the formation of excess skeleton fragments. The highest-quality skeletons are formed by the well-known single-iteration OPTA algorithm, which based on 18 binary masks, but it is sensitive to contour noise and has a high computational complexity. The Zhang and Suen two-iteration algorithm (ZS), which is based on 6 logical conditions, is widely used due to its relative simplicity. But it suffers from the problem of the blurs of the diagonal lines with a thickness of 2 pixels and the lost of the square which size is 2×2 pixels. Besides, both algorithms mentioned above do not achieve the unit pixel thickness of the skeleton lines (many non-node pixels have more than two neighbors). Mathematical model and OPCA (One-Pass Combination Algorithm) algorithm which is based on a combination and simplification of single-iterative OPTA and two-iterative ZS are proposed for constructing extremely thin bound skeletons of binary images with low computational complexity. These model and algorithm also made it possible to accelerate the speed of skeletonization, to enhance recoverability of the original image on the skeleton and to reduce the redundancy of the bonds of the skeleton elements.
Algorithms for planning working time under interval uncertainty
Authors: Sotskov Yu. N. , Egorova N. G. , Matsveichuk N. M.
Published: June 2020

Time-management refers to planning the available time in correspondence with personal goals and preferences of the employee. The criterion for efficient time-management lies in achieving definite goals in minimum possible time. This paper presents a short review of the literature on time-management. It is shown how scheduling theory may be used for optimal planning in time-management. The problem of minimizing the total (average) weighted completion time of the planned jobs by an employee is considered provided that only lower and upper bounds of the possible processing time of each job are known before scheduling. Software for constructing a permutation of the given jobs with the largest relative semi-perimeter of the optimality parallelepiped has been developed. Computational experiment on the computer showed the effectiveness of the developed algorithms for constructing schedules for time-management.
Francisco La Rubia Prado, Unamuno y la vida como ficción, Madrid, Gredos, 1999, 271 pp
Authors: Álvarez Castro Luis
Published: June 2020

Reseña del libro "Unamuno y la vida como ficción".
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENT IN THE LIGHT OF INDIAN ENVIRONMENTAL JURISPRUDENCE
Authors: Pandya Foram , Bharad Bhavesh
Published: June 2020

The conflict between economic growth and environment is sharper today than ever before, particularly in developing countries like India. India, just like other developing countries, has adopted development strategy based primarily on large-scale industrialization, energy-intensive technologies and biochemical-based agricultural technology which has led to environmental degradation. The legislative and executive efforts have been notable towards Environmental Protection laws and principles in the legal jurisprudence of India, most notably the 46th Amendment to the Constitution of India in 1976 which explicitly laid down Environmental Protection as part of the Constitution and enactment of the Environment Protection Act 1986. Though initiatives have been taken by the Legislature and the Executive, the Judiciary has taken a lead in this race through careful judicial thinking of the Courts which has been very helpful in controlling environmental pollution. Due to non-compliance of its own laws by the State machinery, the Judiciary invented a new method of Judiciary-driven implementation of the regulations in India. Recently judicial activism has provided impetus to campaign against various environmental pollution issues arising in the country. The Indian Judiciary has interpreted Art.21 to give it an expanded meaning to bring within its ambit the right of every citizen to a clean, safe and healthy environment. The author in the current paper aims to analyze how far judicial activism has been effective in bringing about improvement in the environment and also aims to show how sustainable development is important to secure long term economic development in the country and make the economy resilient to future contingencies.
NATIONAL GREEN TRIBUNAL OF INDIA AND ENVIRONMENTSAL JUSTICE
Authors: Motiyani Prachi
Published: June 2020

Improving the environmental rule of law, access to justice and environmental dispute
resolution is essential for achieving the UN‘s 2030 agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG Goal 16—‗to provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels‘, according to Pring and Pring (2016). To accomplish this goal, establishing specialised courts and tribunals dealing exclusively with environmental matters is becoming essential. All over the world, more than 1200 environmental courts and tribunals are functioning in various countries, and more such courts have been planned for the future, as discussed by Pring and Pring (2016).
As far as India is concerned, the need for establishing environmental courts in India arose in different circumstances and in different times. In the cases of M.C. Mehta Vs. Union of India (AIR 1987 SC 965), Indian Council for Enviro-Legal Action Vs. Union of India (1996 3 SCC 212) and A.P. Pollution Control Board Vs. Professor M.V. Nayudu (1992 2 SCC 718), the Indian Supreme Court (orders of 1986, 1996, 2001) observed that as environmental cases frequently involve assessment of scientific data, setting up environmental courts on a regional basis with a legally qualified judge and two experts would help speed the judicial process.
A CRITICAL ANALYSIS ON JANE AUSTEN AS A SUPREME MISTRESS OF COMEDY
Authors: Patel Nirupama
Published: June 2020

Among the Victorian women novelists, Jane Austen ranks as a supreme mistress of comedy. Macaulay has boldly compared her with Shakespeare. (Dawson 78).She brought to her task of social comedy a singular combination of rare gifts- wit and satire of wonderful delicacy, a mind of great penetration, a style absolutely pellucid and effortless. No novelist has ever been more thoroughly an artist both in her attitude towards her own work and in her respect for her own limitations. She is so impersonal in her attitude that
one may seek in vain for any trace of her own opinions or thoughts in her writings.
Awareness and Use of Information Technology through a Theoretical and Constructive Observation of Academic Libraries
Authors: Gamit Rajeshkumar
Published: June 2020

In today‟s the changes that are taking place in the world, the information technology
revolution is making the biggest impact of the world. In this 21st Century era of
information technology, educational libraries provide a new technology-based role to
meet user demand through information technology services. Information technology is
thanks to the services that are provided to all types of users for new methods in new
environments through new services. With the use of information technology, the
information technology revolution is making the biggest impact in all sectors of the
world, today including education, social, economic, political, tourism and health etc. The
use of information technology in academic libraries is very useful to meet the increasing
demand of users. With the advancement of information technology, researchers,
academics, librarians and policy makers have begun to increase the use of information
technology in the education system. Today, the world is rapidly moving towards a global
village to make educational library fields technology-free. Which are today goes beyond
the leverage of information technology.
VIABILITY AND MORPHOLOGY OF HUMAN DENTAL PULP STEM CELLS IN THE PRESENCE OF CITRUS PECTIN
Authors: AYAR Gamze , ÇAPKIN YURTSEVER Merve
Published: June 2020

Pectin is a galacturonic acid rich heteropolysaccharide which regulates plant cell metabolism. Plenty of fresh fruits and fruit pomaces from fruit juice production can be used as a raw material in commercial pectin production. Pectin occupies a large global market size especially in food industry and the utilization of waste materials for obtaining pectin molecules as a high value-added product makes it very favorite industrial material. Besides food industry, pectin is gaining attention in tissue engineering and drug development studies. In this study, the effects of citrus pectin on viability and morphology of human dental pulp stem cell (hDPSC) were investigated. The cells were cultured in the presence of pectin in culture medium (0.43, 0.85 and 1.7 mg/mL) for eight days. Resazurin application and MTT assay were applied on day one and eight for cellular viability. Cellular morphology was investigated by invert phase contrast microscope, live/dead cell staining and F-actin/nucleus immunofluorescence staining. MTT analysis results indicated that the viability of hDPSCs decreased significantly due to dissolved pectin in culture medium at applied concentrations. There was no significant morphological difference in the cells under invert phase contrast microscope and no significant staining difference in live/dead cell staining images. On the other hand, F-actin/nucleus staining showed that there were some condensed and crescent cell nuclei in the pectin applied groups when compared to the control groups which may be related to apoptosis. In conclusion, the viability of hDPSCs decreased and crescent cell nuclei formation was observed due to the presence of citrus pectin in the cell culture medium.
Role of Biomedical Engineering during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: ŞAHADA Ala , TEKİNDOR Ayşe Nur , ABBADI Mohammad Bilal , MALLUHI Mohammad Ahmed , YILGÖR HURİ Pınar
Published: June 2020

In December 2019 the novel virus of corona-viruses family caused by SARS-COV-2 virus appeared in Wuhan, Hubei province, spreading rapidly throughout China, just a few weeks later it starts spreading all around the world bringing severe consequences that should be laid out and studied in order to raise the level of readiness to face the upcoming pandemics. This review paper aims to scheme out the social and the economic effects of Covid19 Pandemic, and the importance of the healthcare infrastructure in the response to the rapid spread of pandemics.In this paper the roles of 3D printing, artificial intelligence integrated in different technologies in the urgent response to pandemic like Covid-19 is reviewed. In addition, the very wide research area of vaccines and treatments are covered, reviewing the most promising candidate drugs and vaccines that entered the clinical trials to date. In coorperation with several other disciplines, biomedical engineering with its wide range of application areas played an important role in the propagation of the urgent response.
Introduction and Follow Up of Ongoing WiRED International Program
Authors: Selnow Gary , Othman Maryam , Crano William
Published: June 2020

As we write this article, the expanding coronavirus pandemic has crushed healthcare systems around the world. Increasingly, ministries of health, non-governmental organizations and hospitals are turning to their reserve workforces — retired professionals, medical and nursing students, and community health workers (CHWs). In under-resourced regions, where the options are limited, they are reaching out to these CHWs, a quasi-professional corps of people who play a critical role in the last mile of many health systems. This trained force delivers basic health services, provides community members with health and prevention information, and becomes the eyes and ears for the official healthcare systems. The need for CHWs has surged along with the onset of the coronavirus, but CHWs, like everyone in the healthcare system, are in short supply. The CHW training program that we describe in this paper started out with a different set of motivations and a very different timetable. The coronavirus crisis has imposed changes on our training protocols and greatly accelerated the need for CHWs in all regions, but especially, underserved regions. In this paper we describe our plans and approaches developed in a very different global environment. At the end, we speculate about how this program will unfold now that training procedures must change, and how CHWs have become ever more important in community health.
FACTORS AFFECTING CUSTOMER LOYALTY FOR MOBILE SERVICE PROVIDERS
Authors: Vyšedvorskytė Miglė , Vilkaitė-Vaitonė Neringa
Published: June 2020

Intense competition in the mobile services market encourages these service providers to take measures to create, maintain and enhance consumer loyalty. In such a concentrated market, it becomes important for service providers to identify and enhance the factors determining customer loyalty and their expression, whereas maintaining existing users requires significantly less effort and financial, human and time resources than attracting new ones. This article deals with a case study of Lithuania’s mobile operators: UAB “Bitė Lietuva”, UAB “Tele2”, UAB “Telia” in the context of consumer loyalty. The paper raises the question of what factors influence mobile phone user loyalty and how these factors can be evaluated. The article presents theoretical analysis of factors determining consumer loyalty in the service sector. An expert evaluation and multi-criteria study reveals which loyalty factors have the strongest influence on customers of mobile operators when choosing a particular service provider in Lithuania. The relevance of this article has potential for a practical study of consumer loyalty factors in the future. In the future, the research may be continued on a larger scale, involving more companies in the telecommunications sector, choosing research methods that are suitable for a broader sample of research and formulating consumer loyalty enhancement solutions applicable exclusively to organizations in the industry.
Measuring HERA's Primary Beam in Situ: Methodology and First Results
Authors: Nunhokee Chuneeta D. , Parsons Aaron R. , Kern Nicholas S. , Nikolic Bojan , Pober Jonathan C. , Bernardi Gianni , Carilli Chris L. , Abdurashidova Zara , Aguirre James E. , Alexander Paul , Ali Zaki S. , Balfour Yanga , Beardsley Adam P. , Billings Tashalee S. , Bowman Judd D. , Bradley Richard F. , Burba Jacob , Cheng Carina , DeBoer David R. , Dexter Matt , Acedo Eloy de Lera , Dillon Joshua S. , Ewall-Wice Aaron , Fagnoni Nicolas , Fritz Randall , Furlanetto Steve R. , Gale-Sides Kingsley , Glendenning Brian , Gorthi Deepthi , Greig Bradley , Grobbelaar Jasper , Halday Ziyaad , Hazelton Bryna J. , Hewitt Jacqueline N. , Jacobs Daniel C. , Julius Austin , Kerrigan Joshua , Kittiwisit Piyanat , Kohn Saul A. , Kolopanis Matthew , Lanman Adam , Plante Paul La , Lekalake Telalo , Liu Adrian , MacMahon David , Malan Lourence , Malgas Cresshim , Maree Matthys , Martinot Zachary E. , Matsetela Eunice , Mesinger Andrei , Molewa Mathakane , Morales Miguel F. , Mosiane Tshegofalang , Neben Abraham R. , Patra Nipanjana , Pieterse Samantha , Razavi-Ghods Nima , Ringuette Jon , Robnett James , Rosie Kathryn , Sims Peter , Smith Craig , Syce Angelo , Thyagarajan Nithyanandan , Williams Peter K. G. , Zheng Haoxuan
Published: June 2020

The central challenge in 21 cm cosmology is isolating the cosmological signal from bright foregrounds. Many separation techniques rely on the accurate knowledge of the sky and the instrumental response, including the antenna primary beam. For drift-scan telescopes, such as the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA), that do not move, primary beam characterization is particularly challenging because standard beam-calibration routines do not apply (Cornwell et al.) and current techniques require accurate source catalogs at the telescope resolution. We present an extension of the method from Pober et al. where they use beam symmetries to create a network of overlapping source tracks that break the degeneracy between source flux density and beam response and allow their simultaneous estimation. We fit the beam response of our instrument using early HERA observations and find that our results agree well with electromagnetic simulations down to a −20 dB level in power relative to peak gain for sources with high signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, we construct a source catalog with 90 sources down to a flux density of 1.4 Jy at 151 MHz.
Application of an X-Ray Clumpy Torus Model (XCLUMPY) to 10 Obscured Active Galactic Nuclei Observed with Suzaku and NuSTAR
Authors: Tanimoto Atsushi , Ueda Yoshihiro , Odaka Hirokazu , Ogawa Shoji , Yamada Satoshi , Kawaguchi Toshihiro , Ichikawa Kohei
Published: June 2020

We apply XCLUMPY, an X-ray spectral model from a clumpy torus in an active galactic nucleus (AGN), to the broadband X-ray spectra of 10 obscured AGNs observed with both Suzaku and NuSTAR. The infrared spectra of these AGNs were analyzed by Ichikawa et al. with the CLUMPY code. Because XCLUMPY adopts the same clump distribution as that in the CLUMPY, we can directly compare the torus parameters obtained from the X-ray spectra and those from the infrared spectra. The torus angular widths determined from the infrared spectra (σ
IR) are systematically larger than those from the X-ray data (σ
X); the difference (

) correlates with the inclination angle determined from the X-ray spectrum. These results can be explained by the contribution from dusty polar outflows to the observed infrared flux, which becomes more significant at higher inclinations (more edge-on views). The ratio of the hydrogen column density to the V-band extinction in the line-of-sight absorber shows a large scatter (≃1 dex) around the Galactic value, suggesting that a significant fraction of AGNs have dust-rich circumnuclear environments.
Estimation of Stellar Ages and Masses Using Gaussian Process Regression
Authors: Bu Yude , Kumar Yerra Bharat , Xie Jianhang , Pan Jingchang , Zhao Gang , Wu Yaqian
Published: June 2020

Stellar ages play a crucial role in understanding the formation and evolution of stars and Galaxies, which pose many challenges while determining in practice. In this paper, we have introduced a new machine-learning method, Gaussian process regression (GPR), to estimate the stellar ages, which is different from the traditional isochrone fitting method, which fully utilizes the information provided by previous studies. To demonstrate the performance of our method, we have applied it to the field stars of two important phases of evolution, main-sequence turn-off (MSTO) stars and giants, whose ages and masses are available in the literature. Also, GPR is applied to the red giants of open clusters (e.g., M67). Results showed that the ages given by GPR are in better agreement with those given by isochrone fitting methods. The ages are also estimated from various other machine-learning methods (e.g., support vector regression, neural networks, and random forest) and are compared with GPR, which resulted in GPR outperforming others. In addition to ages, we have applied GPR to estimate the masses of the MSTO stars and red giants and found that the masses predicted by GPR for the red giants are within acceptable uncertainties of masses derived from the asteroseismic scaling relation. We have provided the constraints on the input parameters to GPR, which decides the accuracy of the output ages and masses. Results conclude that the newly introduced GPR is promising to provide a novel approach to estimate stellar ages and masses in the era of big data sets. As a supplement, masses and ages for the MSTO stars and red giants estimated from GPR are provided as a catalog that could be used as a training set for upcoming large data sets with spectroscopic parameters.
Article Commentary: SARS-CoV-2 and HIV Protease Inhibitors: Why Lopinavir/Ritonavir will not Work for COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Smolders Elise J , te Brake Lindsey HM , Burger David M
Published: June 2020

Since the beginning of the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV) 2, lopinavir/ritonavir was selected for treatment. The recent publication of Cao et al. in the New England Journal of Medicine showed that lopinavir/ritonavir treatment did not accelerate clinical improvement compared with standard of care. This raised the question of whether in retrospect we could have known this. The aim of this paper is to gather all the available evidence and to comprehensively discuss this issue.
A checklist of the marine Anthuroidea (Crustacea: Isopoda: Cymothoida) from the reefs of Peninsular Malaysia, with some new distributional data
Authors: Chew Melvin , Abdul Rahim Azman
Published: June 2020

An up-to-date checklist of the Peninsular Malaysian marine Anthuroidea is presented, based on previous taxonomic or ecological literature and recent collections. The present study, a part of the subproject on the Biodiversity of Sultan Iskandar Marine Park, recognised 24 species in 12 genera and 5 families from Peninsular Malaysia. An extensive list of bibliographical references, detailed information on habitat and distributional records, museum locations of type material are provided for each species. Amongst the listed species, 11 are recently discovered Malaysian species belonging to the genera Amakusanthura Nunomura, 1977, Apanthura Stebbing, 1900, Expanathura Wägele, 1981, Leptanthura G. O. Sars, 1897, Kupellonura Barnard, 1925, Pendanthura Menzies & Glynn, 1968 and Tinggianthura Chew, Rahim & bin Haji Ross, 2014. Our records were limited to shallow subtidal reefs of peninsular Malaysian coast, suggesting that the number of species in the list may rise with an extensive survey.

The up-to-date checklist of marine Anthuroidea of the Peninsular Malaysia comprises 24 species in 12 genera and 5 families, including some new distributional data.
Évolutions du monde du travail et pratiques psychologiques : soin ou développement du pouvoir d’agir ?
Authors: Lhuilier Dominique
Published: June 2020

Les pratiques psychologiques dans le monde du travail ne peuvent être définies seulement par les commandes sociales, elles-mêmes façonnées par les transformations du travail et leurs incidences subjectives. Il nous faut penser, aussi, les cadres théoriques et éthiques sur lesquels fonder ces interventions, les ressources à mobiliser pour les préserver de leur instrumentalisation à des fins adaptatives et productivistes. Face aux dérives d’un psychologisme grandissant, qui accompagne la multiplication des dispositifs d’accompagnement individuel, face aux épreuves du travail, la clinique du travail ouvre des perspectives alternatives : la visée ici n’est pas celle d’une « meilleure adaptation » du sujet mais d’une extension du pouvoir d’agir des professionnels sur leur milieu de travail et sur eux-mêmes.
La commission nationale consultative de déontologie des psychologues. Bilan et perspectives d’avenir
Authors: Coutou-Coumes Françoise , Fontaine Anne-Marie
Published: June 2020

Après avoir présenté la Commission nationale consultative de déontologie des psychologues – histoire, mission, fonctionnement –, les auteurs analysent son rôle d’observatoire privilégié de la profession, à partir du bilan de ses huit premières années de fonctionnement (1997-2005). L’analyse des demandes qui lui ont été adressées, par les psychologues et les non-psychologues, met en lumière les préoccupations majeures des uns comme des autres : les premiers s’interrogent surtout sur leur autonomie et la transmission de leur travail, les seconds sur la validité des écrits et des pratiques des psychologues. L’analyse des articles du code de déontologie, cités dans les 249 avis étudiés, pointe, à la fois, la richesse et les imperfections du code que les professionnels se sont maintenant approprié. Enfin, se tournant vers l’avenir, les auteurs proposent des pistes de réflexion à l’ensemble des acteurs de la psychologie.
Déontologie, représentation, organisation : jalons prospectifs pour (tenter de) sortir de la confusion des genres et de « l’un-passe » ordinale
Authors: Létuvé Alain
Published: June 2020

La constitution d’un ordre professionnel, avec pouvoirs disciplinaires, est avancée aujourd’hui comme solution adéquate et nécessaire pour résoudre les problèmes majeurs de la discipline et de la profession : faiblesse de représentativité, « échec » de tout processus de regroupement, promotion d’une déontologie « opposable ». Après l’évaluation critique du degré de pertinence de cette proposition, comme réponse à ces trois problématiques, à l’éclairage de l’existant (réalité et finalités des Ordres, clivages dans le champ de la discipline…), il est soutenu que cette solution, loin d’être judicieuse, risque, au contraire, d’être fort préjudiciable : loin de résoudre les problèmes, elle risque, en les occultant, de produire un retour violent et imprévisible. Il s’agit de sortir de la confusion des genres et, grâce à la prise en compte de la réalité européenne, d’ouvrir des pistes fertiles en matière de dispositifs d’autorégulation concernant le respect de la déontologie, en congruence avec notre discipline.
Retour sur le contexte : les artefacts liés à l’influence du cadre institutionnel, des attentes du psychologue et des participants
Authors: Balez Ralph
Published: June 2020

Quand le psychologue intervient dans un cadre institutionnel spécifique pour valider des hypothèses, il est porteur d’une attente théorique. La relation chercheur/ participant est une interaction susceptible de relayer l’effet du contexte, des attentes du chercheur et du participant, et de produire des artefacts. Ces phénomènes relèvent du champ du « biais expérimentateur », de l’effet d’attente ou « effet Pygmalion » (Rosenthal, Jacobson, 1968). Cette relation, qui s’instaure entre un psychologue et un répondant, implique des motivations spécifiques et un cadre institutionnel qui peuvent conduire à une validation artificielle des hypothèses. Nous illustrons ici cette problématique, puis nous exposons des applications qui visent à prendre en compte ces phénomènes. Elles s’appliquent à toute situation d’interaction entre un chercheur/praticien/ intervenant et un participant/patient.
Francisco Varela : de la neurobiologie au spiritualisme ?
Authors: Lestage Philippe
Published: June 2020

Francisco Varela a élaboré, dans le champ des sciences cognitives, le paradigme de l’« énaction », recouvrant de nombreux domaines comme la neurobiologie, les modèles dynamiques non linéaires, la phénoménologie et la tradition bouddhiste. Quel est le sens de sa référence au bouddhisme, relève-t-elle d’une orientation spiritualiste ? Dans cet article nous examinons d’abord la référence de Varela à l’« Abhidharma » dans son approche de la conscience (école bouddhique indienne « Vaibhasika »). Nous présentons ensuite sa critique du spiritualisme de l’école ultérieure « Yogacara-Cittamatra ». Abordant, enfin, la partie plus complexe des liens entre sa science cognitive et l’école « Madhyamika », autour de la notion de « sunyata », nous aboutissons au projet de « neurophénoménologie » engagé en 1996.
Manipuler l’habillage d’un problème pour évaluer les apprentissages
Authors: Sander Emmanuel
Published: June 2020

La résolution d’un problème ne dépend pas de sa seule structure formelle mais aussi de son interprétation, influencée par les connaissances relatives aux entités incarnant le problème. Trois notions permettent la prise en compte de ce phénomène pour l’évaluation des apprentissages : structure profonde (traits pertinents pour un expert), habillage (traits non pertinents pour un expert) et structure sémantique (abstraction relationnelle amorcée par l’habillage). Une conceptualisation inadéquate peut être associée à des performances élevées lorsque les structures sémantique et profonde coïncident, alors qu’une manipulation de l’habillage les dissociant permet de distinguer les reconnaissances de la structure profonde de cas reposant sur des indices contingents. Des résultats montrent que ce phénomène très robuste influence également des adultes universitaires dans des situations apparemment élémentaires.
Évaluation psychométrique des troubles post-traumatiques
Authors: Pereira-Fradin Maria , Damiani Carole
Published: June 2020

La mesure du traumatisme psychique est liée à sa définition et à son référentiel théorique. De nombreux questionnaires ont été construits dans les pays anglo-saxons, mais ils se réfèrent quasi exclusivement à la nosographie du DSM IV, qui ne prend pas en compte l’ensemble des manifestations psychotraumatiques telles que les réactions dépressives ou psychosomatiques, les troubles de la conduite, ni le vécu traumatique. Ils font généralement l’impasse sur le délai d’apparition et la durée des troubles, et ne distinguent pas réactions immédiates et à long terme. Ces faiblesses nous ont conduit à proposer une échelle plus complète dans sa conception du syndrome psychotraumatique. Le TRAUMAQ a fait l’objet d’une étude psychométrique sur 141 victimes. Les résultats indiquent que la consistance interne ainsi que la validité convergente de ce questionnaire sont tout à fait satisfaisantes. Ce questionnaire peut être utilisé par les praticiens pour aider au diagnostic et par les chercheurs qui souhaitent une information complète.
La recherche au service de la pratique professionnelle : une recherche-action dans le domaine de la petite enfance
Authors: Thollon-Behar Marie-Paule
Published: June 2020

Nous pensons que des professionnels de la petite enfance, qui seront placés dans une position de chercheur, seront amenés à dépasser les représentations et les impressions, parfois inexactes, qu’ils ont sur leur travail et de ses effets sur les enfants. D’un autre côté, les modifications qui seront engagées à partir de la recherche-action susciteront moins de résistance au changement, dans la mesure où elles sont issues d’un véritable travail d’observation et d’expérimentation. La recherche a été conduite auprès sept équipes d’un service de petite enfance, pendant une durée de trois ans. Les éducateurs ont construit, puis utilisé, des outils méthodologiques – grilles d’observation en particulier –, recueilli et analysé les données. Ils ont ainsi pu évaluer les effets des changements instaurés.
(Re)penser les liens entre catégories sociales et migrations pour études au Sud
Authors: Mary Kevin
Published: June 2020

Cet article propose une réflexion méthodologique sur les catégories sociales dans les pays du Sud et en particulier dans les contextes africains. Il plaide pour des formes d’innovations méthodologiques mieux à même de permettre de comprendre certains ressorts fondamentaux de la migration pour études. Par la critique des catégories officielles, l’article indique que les avancées des travaux de nature ethnographique peuvent être mobilisées par les chercheurs pour (re)construire des typologies mieux ancrées dans les réalités socio-économiques des pays en développement. Le cas des élites maliennes ici développé montre que les migrations pour études s’insèrent pleinement dans des modes de vie tournés vers l’extérieur, où la réussite sociale s’affiche par la possession de biens emblématiques et d’agréments de luxe dont les études à l’étranger constituent l’un des éléments centraux.
Réinstallations d’émigrés africains : les usages sociaux des diplômes étrangers
Authors: Bréant Hugo
Published: June 2020

Dans un contexte d’accélération des migrations de retour des immigrés dans leur pays d’origine, cet article propose d’analyser le rôle des ressources scolaires dans ce processus de réinstallation. Le diplôme constitue une faible protection contre le déclassement des immigrés en France, mais qu’en est-il dans leur pays d’origine ? Si les migrants comoriens et togolais de retour enquêtés sont plus souvent diplômés que leurs compatriotes qui restent en France, les effets de leur(s) diplôme(s) ne semblent pas univoques et dépendent largement de leur trajectoire migratoire. Selon leur position sociale, le diplôme est une ressource — plus ou moins indispensable — pour accéder à une promotion sociale. En déclinant ces situations socialement contrastées, l’article démontre qu’il est difficile de penser le diplôme comme un capital scolaire déterminant et isolé des autres formes de ressources. Il est davantage un révélateur du caractère socialement très sélectif de ces migrations de retour.
Le paradoxe de la mobilité. Les évaluations subjectives des trajectoires postuniversitaires des diplômés chinois en France
Authors: Li Yong
Published: June 2020

En Chine, depuis une quinzaine d’années, dans un contexte d’inflation des diplômes et de crise de l’emploi, la signification des études à l’étranger a profondément changé pour les jeunes générations. Jadis garantie des positions d’élite en Chine, un diplôme étranger perd aujourd’hui une grande partie de son exceptionnalité statutaire. C’est pourquoi beaucoup d’étudiants chinois en mobilité s’efforcent d’acquérir une expérience de travail dans leur pays de formation avant de retourner dans leur pays d’origine. Ils espèrent ainsi améliorer leur employabilité par l’épreuve du marché du travail étranger. Notre contribution se focalise sur les trajectoires des diplômés chinois qui exercent un emploi en France après leurs formations françaises. À partir d’une enquête par récits de vie, nous mettrons en relief le sentiment d’immobilité des diplômés enquêtés et leur évaluation ambivalente quant au succès de leur migration. Plus profondément, dans un contexte de montée en puissance de la Chine et de stagnation économique en Occident, l’avancement d’une carrière professionnelle paraît toujours plus lent et plus difficile à l’étranger que dans le pays d’origine. Pour beaucoup d’enquêtés, l’entrée dans la vie adulte en France, ainsi que le sentiment de double décalage (par rapport à leur idéal de réussite et par rapport à autrui) qu’ils éprouvent durant leur migration, expliquent en grande partie la révision de leur projet migratoire. Celui-ci s’articule de plus en plus autour d’un ancrage durable en France au lieu d’un retour définitif en Chine. En analysant cette immobilité paradoxale dans la mobilité pour études, nous souhaitons souligner l’importance de placer les trajectoires des étudiants dans le processus biographique plus général et d’étudier les effets des changements sociaux sur les parcours individuels.
« Basta con la pasta ! » La cuisine italo-américaine, de la tradition à l’intégration
Authors: Michaud Marie-Christine
Published: June 2020

La cuisine étant un véhicule de l’identité, son étude peut apporter des éclairages sur l’évolution de l’identité des Italiens qui ont émigré aux États-Unis. La transformation des pratiques culinaires et des aliments consommés montre la mise en œuvre d’un processus d’américanisation. La cuisine des migrants va se transformer par-delà les normes culturelles, populaires, traditionnelles italiennes, pour devenir, après la Seconde Guerre mondiale surtout, une cuisine italo-américaine, miroir de l’intégration de ces hommes et femmes des nouvelles générations. Simultanément, on note que les Américains adoptent certaines habitudes italiennes, certains aliments, comme « la pasta », révélant l’existence d’un processus d’interactions culturelles et sociales appelé « transculturation ».
Que nous dit l’approche transnationale sur l’immigration portugaise en France ?
Authors: Vidal Dominique
Published: June 2020

À partir d’une revue de la littérature sur l’émigration portugaise en France et d’une enquête en cours depuis 2015, l’objet de cet article revient sur l’intérêt du transnationalisme à partir du cas de l’immigration portugaise en France qui, aussi étonnant que cela puisse paraître, n’a pratiquement pas été étudiée dans cette perspective. Nous nous proposons notamment de distinguer ce qui relève d’activités transnationales à proprement parler de pratiques liées à une ethnicité construite et vécue en migration. Dans ce but, nous considérons l’apport possible de l’approche transnationale depuis l’intensification de ce flux migratoire à partir de la fin des années 1950. Nous nous intéresserons d’abord à la grande vague d’émigration portugaise, principalement originaire du nord du pays, qui va jusqu’au début des années 1970, avant d’aborder la différenciation de ce groupe en France. Dans une dernière partie, nous analyserons les effets de la crise de 2008 sur ces emigrantes et les Portugais restés au pays.
Innovative Graphing Skills Through Interrogation Of Silent Ingredients
Authors: Shiyyab Muad Mahmood
Published: June 2020

Interrogation of silent ingredients and features method provides an intuitive opportunity for learners to interrogate and utilize features that seems for the first impression worthless for developing mathematical function sense and enhancing graphing skills. Yet, it challenges the learner to connect small pieces to build a rationalized complex interrelated structure. This method was demonstrated and discussed with learners through interactive communications. The result of the demonstrations and discussion were qualitatively analyzed. It showed positive progress in the learner's ability, disposition, and skills to graph functions and understand interrelationships through meaningful schema. Moreover, it helps provide rational and logical reasoning for mathematical phenomena such as concavity, and issues related to the limits of a function.
Modeling of Students Online Social Presence on Social Networking Sites and Academic Performance
Authors: Al-dheleai Yahya M. , Tasir Zaidatun , Al-Rahmi Waleed Mugahed , Al-Sharafi Mohammed A. , Mydin Alamin
Published: June 2020

Social Presence is a vital component of learning experience. This study develops a predictive model of students’ online social presence on social networking sites “SNS”. This study used SmartPLS software in the model development process. The study explored five facets of SP and its relationship with students’ academic performance. The model is based on the survey data that collected from 181 post-graduate students in one of Malaysian public universities. The findings of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between all five facets of online social presence and students’ academic performance. SNS is appropriate tools that supports students’ sense of social presence which contributes to better learning and academic performance. Consequently, the developed model can be used by instructional designers, instructors, and researchers to measure students’ online social presence and its effect on students’ academic performance.
Social Media in Teaching of Languages
Authors: Siddig Babikir Eltigani
Published: June 2020

Abstract

With advancements in communication technology, humans can now bridge the constraints of time and space with minimal effort. Through this, the ability of individuals to interact with millions of others at an instant has not only been increased, but also improved. As a result of these developments, endeavours such as education could benefit greatly. Undertakings such as distant education, blended learning, and even interactive education could be made considerably easier and more efficient. For instance, with regards to education, the teaching of languages could draw important uses from the application of social media to teach learners new languages. Through social media platforms such as Facebook, WhatsApp, and YouTube, instructors could help learners access greater competency in language learning and use. The social media sites would allow learners to immerse themselves in situations where they openly interact with others who are more competent than them in the use of the language. In this way, learners may be able to improve their grasp of the language. From this research article, it is evident that social media can be applied to aid in the teaching of languages. Learners can interact freely with native speakers of the language they seek to learn, and they could also direct the process of learning themselves. These would be enabled through the application of social media in the instruction process. Further, learners could also immerse themselves in the culture associated with the language they seek to learn. Consequently, the learners would increase their grasp and end up improving the learning experience. Finally, social media may allow free interaction with native-speakers of a language. In this manner, the learners would be improving their diction and pronunciation of the words and phrases; a fact that would greatly enhance the learning process.

Keywords: Immersion, Self-Direction, Social Media, Native-Speakers, Pronunciation,
Effect of Curriculum Planning for Physical Education in Colleges on Innovation Ability
Authors: Guo Huiqiu
Published: June 2020

With poor integrity and unclear goals, the curriculum planning for physical education (PE) in colleges cannot effectively promote the innovation ability of students. To solve the problem, this paper attempts to clearly evaluate the effect of curriculum planning for college PE on the innovation ability of PE majors. Based on the defects of the current curriculum planning, the authors put forward several strategies and suggestions to enhance the promoting effect of college PE curriculum planning on innovation ability. Following the fuzzy theory, an index system and a fuzzy evaluation model were put forward to quantify the effect of college PE curriculum planning on innovation ability. The research results have great theoretical and practical significance.
A Fuzzy Information Evaluation Model for Scientific Innovation of Art Talents in Colleges
Authors: Kong Fanwen
Published: June 2020

In most colleges, the current scientific innovation model for art talents is not well implemented. Besides, it is a complex task to evaluate the effect of the said model. To solve the problems, this paper attempts to renovate the scientific innovation model for art talent in colleges. Firstly, the authors identified the problems in the current scientific innovation model for art talent training in colleges, and put forward several countermeasures. To evaluate the scientific innovation model, the performance indicators were selected and weighted based on analytical hierarchy analysis (AHP). Next, a fuzzy information evaluation model was established based on the weighted indicators. The research results provide strong supports to the scientific innovation of art talents in colleges.
The Second Five Years
Authors: Albert Donald P. , Adu-Prah Samuel
Published: June 2020

This report is an appraisal of the International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research for its second five years from 2015-2019. It reviews IJAGR statistics during this period and compares these with statistics from the first five years. Questions addressed include: What progress has IJAGR made from year 5 to year 10? Did we reach our goals? Where do we go from here?