bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Mixed Deep Learning Based Model to Early Detection of Depression
Authors: Fatima Boumahdi , Amina Madani , Nachida Rezoug , Hamza Hentabli
Published: July 2020

Mental health is considered as one of today’s world’s most prominent plagues. Therefore, our work aims to use the potential of social media platforms to solve one of mental health’s biggest issues, which is depression identification. We propose a new deep learning model that we train on a depression-dedicated dataset in order to detect such mental illness from an individual’s posts. Our main contributions lie in the three following points: (1) We trained our own word embeddings using a depression-dedicated dataset. (2) We combined a Convolutional Neural Networks model with the Message-level Sentiment Analysis model in order to improve the feature extraction process and enhance the model’s performance. (3) We analyzed through different experiments the performance of three deep learning models in order to provide more perspectives and insights for depression researches. A total of four classifier models were deployed with the same dataset. Those implementing CNN-BiLSTM with Attention model attained greater overall Accuracy, Recall, Precision and F1 macro scores of 0.97, 0.95, 0.84 and 0.92 on the final assessment test set, respectively.
“I thought, Oh shit, because I was 19.” Discourses and practices on young fatherhood in Denmark
Authors: Reinicke Kenneth
Published: July 2020

This article presents the voices of 30 young fathers from the first interview-based study in Denmark on young fatherhood. The findings show that men face significant challenges when they become fathers at a young age and that they often feel stigmatised by society. Young fatherhood, however, can also promote social integration and produce forms of empowerment. Unlike most international research on young fatherhood, this study shows that economic circumstances do not play a crucial role in the ability of fathers to gain access to their children. This may be due to support aimed at socially disadvantaged families provided by the state. The results further indicate that early fatherhood should be seen as a transitional process, rather than as an event, with the young father gradually abandoning teenage life and where a delay in the development of the father-child relationship does not necessarily rule out the later emergence of a stable father-child relationship.
Validation of an airborne high spectral resolution Lidar and its measurement for aerosol optical properties over Qinhuangdao, China
Authors: Wang Qin , Bu Lingbing , Tian Li , Xu Junjie , Zhu Shouzheng , Liu Jiqiao
Published: July 2020

Compared with ground-based lidar, airborne lidar has a wider observation area, which is useful for studying aerosol distribution and transportation. A dual-wavelength high spectral resolution Lidar (HSRL) was developed for the validation and calibration of an upcoming satellite payload. The HSRL was installed on an airplane, and field campaigns were conducted in Qinhuangdao, China. Meanwhile, four observation sites were established at different locations on the ground to verify the results of the airborne lidar. This article compares the HSRL measurements with those from ground-based micro-pulse lidar (MPL), Mie-scattering lidar, sun photometer, and spaceborne cloud-aerosol Lidar and infrared pathfinder satellite observations (CALIPSO), and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The stability and reliability of the HSRL system were fully verified. The flight area covered several surface types, including ocean, town, mountain, and forest, which strongly affect the AOD above them. The boundary layer AOD was analyzed in different regions, based on the impact of human activities. The results demonstrated that the AOD in urban area was the largest, and smallest in marine areas, a result ascribed to the influence of industrial activities.
Mid-IR sensing platform for trace analysis in aqueous solutions based on a germanium-on-silicon waveguide chip with a mesoporous silica coating for analyte enrichment
Authors: Benéitez Nuria Teigell , Baumgartner Bettina , Missinne Jeroen , Radosavljevic Sanja , Wacht Dominik , Hugger Stefan , Leszcz Paweł , Lendl Bernard , Roelkens Gunther
Published: July 2020

A novel platform based on evanescent wave sensing in the 6.5 to 7.5 µm wavelength range is presented with the example of toluene detection in an aqueous solution. The overall sensing platform consists of a germanium-on-silicon waveguide with a functionalized mesoporous silica cladding and integrated microlenses for alignment-tolerant back-side optical interfacing with a tunable laser spectrometer. Hydrophobic functionalization of the mesoporous cladding allows enrichment of apolar analyte molecules and prevents strong interaction of water with the evanescent wave. The sensing performance was evaluated for aqueous toluene standards resulting in a limit of detection of 7 ppm. Recorded adsorption/desorption profiles followed Freundlich adsorption isotherms with rapid equilibration and resulting sensor response times of a few seconds. This indicates that continuous monitoring of contaminants in water is possible. A significant increase in LOD can be expected by likely improvements to the spectrometer noise floor which, expressed as a relative standard deviation of 100% lines, is currently in the range of 10−2A.U.
Direct generation of 1108 nm and 1173 nm Laguerre-Gaussian modes from a self-Raman Nd:GdVO4 laser
Authors: Ma Yuanyuan , Lee Andrew J. , Pask Helen M. , Miyamoto Katsuhiko , Omatsu Takashige
Published: July 2020

We demonstrate a continuous-wave self-Raman Nd:GdVO4 Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) mode laser based on different Raman shifts of 382 cm−1 and 882 cm−1 by shaping the pumping beam with the use of an axicon lens and a focusing lens. Selective generation of LG mode beams at 1108 nm or 1173 nm, or simultaneously 1108 nm and 1173 nm, was achieved by carefully adjusting the alignment of the laser cavity. The maximum Raman LG mode output powers at the wavelengths of 1108 nm (the first-Stokes emission of the 382 cm−1 Raman shift) and 1173 nm (the first-Stokes emission of the 882 cm−1 Raman shift) were measured to be 49.8 mW and 133.4 mW at the absorbed pump power of 5.69 W, respectively. The generated LG modes, formed via the incoherent superposition of two LG mode beams with positive and negative topological charges, carry zero orbital angular momentum. Such LG mode laser sources have the potential to fill in the wavelength gap of lasers in the visible and infrared regions.
β-lactam resistance in bacteria associated with subclinical mastitis in goats in Thika Subcounty, Kenya
Authors: Okoko Irene Mkavi , Maina Naomi , Kiboi Daniel , Kagira John
Published: July 2020

Aim: This study determined the resistance pattern to β-lactam antibiotics of bacteria isolated from goats with subclinical mastitis in Thika subcounty, Kenya. We also administered a questionnaire to assess the risk factors associated with the occurrence of resistance to commonly used antibiotics.

Materials and Methods: We collected milk samples from 110 lactating dairy goats in Thika subcounty to screen for subclinical mastitis using the California mastitis test. Bacterial isolation and identification were performed according to colony morphology, the hemolytic pattern on sheep blood agar, lactose fermentation on MacConkey plates, Gram staining, and standard biochemical tests. The antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined by the agar disk diffusion method using penicillin G, cephalexin, cefoxitin, and cefotaxime antibiotic disks. The double-disk synergy test using amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was employed as a confirmatory test for extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production. Fisher's exact test was used to determine the risk factors associated with the occurrence of antibiotic resistance (p≤0.05 was considered significant).

Results: Of the 110 dairy goats sampled, 72.7% (80) were positive for subclinical mastitis. Isolation and identification of the bacteria from the positive samples yielded 149 bacteria isolates, including Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter spp., Yersinia spp., coagulase-negative staphylococci, and Escherichia coli. A high percentage (76.5%, 114/149) of the bacterial isolates was resistant to at least one of the tested antibiotics. At least 56/106 isolates (52.8%) showing cross-resistance to the β-lactam antibiotics were resistant to all four of the tested antibiotics, while only one isolate was resistant to three antibiotics (penicillin G, cephalexin, and cefoxitin). The double-disk synergy test confirmed that none of the isolates possessed ESBLs. Pre- and post-milking practices (p=0.0336) were found to be significantly associated with the occurrence of antibiotic resistance.

Conclusion: A large proportion of the goats in our study cohort were infected with β-lactam-resistant bacteria associated with subclinical mastitis. Because the identified bacteria are of zoonotic importance, further studies should be undertaken to determine the transmission dynamics between humans and livestock and to identify novel intervention strategies.
Econometric Modelling on Happiness in Learning Mathematics: The Case of Senior High Students
Authors: Casinillo Leomarich F , Casinillo Emily L.
Published: July 2020

This study developed econometric models on the students’ happiness in learning mathematics to identify its influencing factors. A complete enumeration of 115 grade 11 students in the Visayas State University were employed as participants. Results showed that about 61% of the students considered themselves as moderately happy in learning. Their expected happiness is approximately the same with their actual happiness, which is one of the significant determinants in the models. STEM students among other strands in senior high school are more likely happy learners. Household income, allowance, and mental health condition show a small influence on their happiness in learning.  Students who spend more time in the library, and those living in rural places tend to be happy in learning. Furthermore, physical health condition shows an inverse effect on students’ well-being in learning mathematics, while social relationships and the distance from home to school do not contribute to their happiness.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini mengembangkan model ekonometrik pada kebahagiaan siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya. Data diambil dari 115 mahasiswa kelas 11 di Universitas Negeri Visayas. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 61% mahasiswa menilai diri mereka relatif bahagia. Tingkat kebahagiaan yang mereka harapkan relatif sama dengan yang mereka tunjukkan secara aktual dan ini merupakan salah satu model yang signifikan buktinya. Siswa yang mengikuti program STEM dan sejenisnya pada jenjang sekolah menengah atas (SMA) tampak lebih bahagia. Pendapatan di rumah, tunjangan, dan kesehatan mental tampak menunjukkan pengaruh yang tidak seberapa pada kebahagiaan belajar. Sementara itu siswa yang menghabiskan banyak waktu di perpustakaan dan tinggal di perdesaan cenderung bahagia dalam belajar. Lebih lanjut, kondisi kesehatan fisik tampak berbanding terbalik dengan kesejahteraan siswa dalam belajar matematika, sementara itu relasi sosial dan jarak rumah ke sekolah tidak berkontribusi pada kebahagiaan siswa.
A qualitative research of humanitarian workers’ perceptions of preventing Gender-Based Violence (GBV) in the Cox’s Bazar refugee camps, Bangladesh
Authors: Navarrete José
Published: July 2020

During humanitarian crises, there are priorities to solve immediately such as shelter, food and water. Overcrowding in make-shift settlements and rapid population movement in spontaneous settlements and refugee camps, challenge the capacity of humanitarian workers to implement initiatives to prevent GBV. Forms of GBV can be grouped into four general categories such as sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional and psychosocial abuse and economic abuse. GBV inflicts harm on women and girls. However, how and when GBV interventions take place? when, will, can those issues become a priority? The main objective of this research is to investigate the experiences of GBV interventions in the Cox’s Bazar refugee camps, and how they are perceived by humanitarian workers from different sectors. This is a qualitative interview study, guided by a conceptual framework developed from a literature review on GBV in emergency settings, and the IASC guidelines for integrating GBV interventions in humanitarian action. The data was summarized in a data matrix based on the conceptual framework, and also including emerging issues.
Reseña y comentario de: Molina Jiménez, I. (2019). Huelgas democratizadoras. La rebelión estudiantil en el Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica (1980-1982).
Authors: Chaves Zamora Randall Andrés
Published: July 2020

El texto realiza un balance sobre las producciones académicas realizadas por historiadores e historiadoras costarricenses sobre el movimiento estudiantil universitario de Costa Rica con el fin de valorar el aporte al conocimiento del libro Huelgas democratizadoras. La rebelión estudiantil en el Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica (1980-1982), del historiador costarricense Iván Molina Jiménez.
Evaluation of Mental Foramen Location – A Review Article
Authors: Jasim Hussein Haleem
Published: July 2020

Abstract: One of the most vital anatomical structure within the mandible is the mental foramen. The significance of this structure come since it is the anatomical opening of mandibular canal on the mandible bilaterally. The neuro-vascular complex leaving from the foramen has a critical and important role and giving supply to the skin and muscles of the chin, lower lip, the associated gingiva and mucosa following to the lower premolars. Subsequently, the location knowledge of the mental foramen considers an awfully significant for dental specialists to dodge harming this imperative structure via the dental working on this region, as in dental anaesthesia, dental surgery, dental anaesthesia and root canal treatment.

The aim of study: The point of the think about: To assess the site of the mental foramen in relative to the mandibular premolars, depended on the panoramic and CBCT and O.P.G images.

Materials and Methods: The current study involved the previous articles published from 1997 till 2019, with respect to the site of mental foramen in elderly and adult patients, in any case of the gender. All these studies were used on either the panoramic and cone-beam computed tomographic images for visualizing the site of the mental foramen.

Results: Regarding the outcomes of the previous studies included in this review, the statistics appeared that the first common area of mental foramen was beneath the apices of lower second premolars in the percentage of 49.99%, the other second common area of mental foramen was between the apices of the lower first and second premolars in the percentage of 42.30%.

Conclusion: The mental foramen was mostly found beneath the apices of lower first and second premolars and then between the apices of the lower first and second premolars.
The anti deflation bias
Authors: Bagus Philipp
Published: July 2020

Deflation is widely feared and opposed. This paper provides arguments to explain the anti-deflationary bias. It is argued that governments favour inflation, that the main deflation theories have influenced negatively the public opinion on deflation, and that rent-seeking behaviour and group formation explains why the opposition to deflationary redistribution is stronger than the opposition to inflationary redistribution. Moreover, psychological concepts, such as anchoring, the endowment effect or the availability heuristic have contributed to the fear of deflation by causing a money illusion and a equalisation of deflation and recession.
What determines the success of economic transition? Constructing regional advantage for Eastern and Western European regions
Authors: Pylak Korneliusz , Wojnicka-Sycz Elżbieta , Sycz Piotr
Published: July 2020

The aim of this paper is to identify the differences in the determinants of successful transition (understood as the creation of a new development path) between the eastern and the western EU Member States between 1994 and 2014 and elaborate assumptions for a strategy of constructing regional advantage for them at the NUTS2 level. We find that the regional transition requires individual approaches to using comparative advantage at the beginning of the process and then competing with specific advantages that can be consciously constructed throughout the process. Therefore, we hypothesise that a successful transition requires constructing regional advantages based on the knowledge-related factors, leading to specialisation in the knowledge-intensive industries. Furthermore, we state that the way of constructing such advantages differs across the regions. All of our hypotheses were confirmed. Both groups of regions had different comparative advantages at the beginning of the period and constructed competitive advantage based on related knowledge-intensive industries, leading to their specialisation. Interestingly, although the process of building regional advantage was similar, the factors used to create it were different, had a different impact on GDP growth and led to a different specialisation.
Tourism and economic growth in Greece: An ARDL bound testing approach in a Kaldorian framework
Authors: Spinthiropoulos Konstantinos , Nikas Christos , Zafeiriou Eleni
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between tourism development and economic growth in Greece, using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL)-Bounds testing procedure. The present paper attempts to examine the relevance of the tourism led growth hypothesis according to the Kaldorian theory. The analysis was carried out for the period from 1963 to 2016 and involves the short-run as well as the log-run impact. As a proxy for the output of the tourism sector, its receipts are employed, while as an index for economic growth, the GDP is employed. The empirical results show that the economy of Greece can recover and return to the long-run equilibrium with a speed of adjustment 7.17% per year.
Scores and clusters of Hungarian universities
Authors: Kosztyán Zsolt Tibor , Csányi Vivien Valéria , Telcs András
Published: July 2020

We present an application preference, list-based framework to Hungarian universities, which allows different type of flexible aggregation, and hence, analysis and clustering of application data. A novel mathematical method is developed by which preference lists can be converted into scored rankings. The proposed approach is demonstrated in the case of Hungary covering the period of 2006–2015. Our method reveals that the efforts to leverage the geographical center–periphery differences did not fulfil the expectations of policy makers. Also, it turns out that a student's top preference is very difficult to influence, while recruiters may build their strategy on the information of the first but one choice.
Economic modelling – Beyond isolation and construction. The case of Austrian Business Cycle Theory as presented by Roger Garrison
Authors: Mroz Robert , Hardt Lukasz
Published: July 2020

The paper explores the nature of economic models. It is claimed that accounting for it along the isolationism-constructivism line is untenable. A more integrated approach is needed, based on the pragmatist philosophical tradition, focussing rather on the modelling process than on the narrower notion of the model. This argument is backed by a case study: analysis of the Austrian Business Cycle Theory (ABCT) as presented by Roger Garrison, which, as is argued, does not fully fit either the isolationist or the constructivist account of models. It is primarily shown by revealing the fact that learning about the world by using ABCT is not of deductive nature. Therefore, even in the presence of such a strong realistic methodology as the one in the Austrian economics, models used by its adherents are not necessarily perfect isolations. At the same time, this realistic methodology is not in line with the constructivist approach in model-building. The paper should be understood as an exercise in philosophy of economics, namely as an attempt at better understanding of various aspects of economics (here it is models and specifically ABCT) by taking the perspective offered by philosophy of science.
Analysis of the Turkish Islamic banking sector using CAMEL and Similarity Analysis methods
Authors: Varga József , Bánkuti Gyöngyi , Kovács-Szamosi Rita
Published: July 2020

Rating the reliability of banks has always been an important practical problem for businesses and the economic policy makers. The best way to do this is the CAMEL analysis. The aim of this paper was to create a bank-rating indicator from the five fields of the CAMEL analysis using two-two indicators for each field for the Turkish Islamic banking system. According to the results of the analysis, we could rank the Turkish Islamic banks. Beside the widespread use of the CAMEL analysis, we applied the Similarity Analysis as a new method. We compared the results from the two methods and came to the conclusion that the CAMEL analysis does not adequately provide a fairly shaded picture about the banks. The Component-based Object Comparison for Objectivity (COCO) method gave us the yearly results in time series form. The comparison of the time series data leads to the problem of deciding about what is more important for us – average, standard deviation or the slope. For handling this problem, we used Analytic Hierarchy Process, which gave weights to these indicators.
Pindaro, Pitica 6,13 Tra Critica Antica E Moderna
Authors: Ruta Alessio
Published: July 2020

This article discusses the verse 13 of Pindar’s sixth Pythian ode. The manuscripts have «χεράδι», but editors generally accept C. D. Beck’s conjecture «χεράδει». The text of the manuscripts is also attested in numerous ancient sources, but «χεράδει» also circulated in antiquity as a varia lectio. The ancient criticism on the Pindaric verse is then examined, taking into consideration the possible reading of Aristarchus of Samothrace (fr. 55 Schironi) and the text of P.Oxy. 5039, which probably had χεράδι.
A TAXONOMIC ANALYSIS PROPOSAL FOR RESEARCH IN DIPLOMATIC INTERPRETING
Authors: GHEORGHIU CATALINA ILIESCU
Published: July 2020

This paper focuses on Diplomatic Interpreting (DI), a speciality often included either in the conference or dialogue interpreting branch, depending on geographic and modal variables. Historically, diplomatic interpreters resorted to bilateral interpreting or mediation, but in the modern day, they oscillate between short and full consecutive, and on occasion simultaneous (presidential press conferences). This diffuse affiliation and the relatively small job market niche – hence its absence from degree syllabi – might be two of the motives why DI has not captured more attention from scholars. One interesting avenue for researchers might be the identification and classification of those aspects DI has in common with other types of interpreting, and what makes it different. In my discussion, I recapitulate DI specificities, encompassing requirements, expectations and devices, among which optimisation (as a strategy to overcome barriers and ensure full communication) is pivotal. As an illustration, I analyse an example of optimisation in the case of Romanian PM Viorica Dăncilă’s political blunder on her first visit to Montenegro. Finally, I advocate the recognition of the specificity of DI and I call for focussed research in this area.
EXPLORING THE LITERARY TRANSLATOR’S WORK-RELATED HAPPINESS: THE CASE STUDY OF SLOVAKIA
Authors: BEDNÁROVÁ-GIBOVÁ KLAUDIA
Published: July 2020

In compliance with Translator Studies and its accompanying sociological turn the translator’s work-related happiness is beginning to attract the attention of scholars after having been largely sidestepped in empirical translation studies (TS) research. Although it could be objected that the issue of happiness offers ground only for speculative philosophy, it became a subject of research in the humanities and more recently also in TS. As much as culture dictates that literary translation is an elegant avocation, the harsh reality in Slovakia is that it can be considered as a form of activism in the context of being scandalously underpaid when compared to other translation segments. This paper aims to determine the perception of work-related happiness in Slovak literary translators based on Veenhoven’s (2015) concept of happiness and seeks the greatest sources of their satisfaction at work. The second part of the paper attempts to identify the literary translators’ affective feelings, using the IWP Affect Questionnaire. The results of this study shed fresh light on the psychological and emotional facets of the literary translator’s persona using a triangulation of insights from psychology, identity studies and TS. A quantitative enquiry into the selected translator habitus offers research stimuli for comparison with other literary translators’ nationalities as well as other translation segments.
TRANSLATING HEADLINES IN PRINT BUSINESS ADVERTISEMENTS FROM ENGLISH INTO ARABIC IN UAE
Authors: GIABER JAMAL MOHAMED , HAMMO NOUR , HRAIZ SAFA , QADAN DU’AA , ALNAMER RAHF , ALMAAMARI SHAIKHA
Published: July 2020

Business advertisements are multimodal consumer-oriented texts with persuasive functions. Advertisers create specific advertisements for marketing products/services in specific contexts. The headline in an advertisement is the main element as it attracts attention and summarizes the advertising message. Advertising relies on socio-cultural implications through visual and non-visual elements. When products/services are marketed in a new context with a different language, their advertisements are translated into that language. Because languages have different ways of encoding information, the success of a product/ service in a culturally different context depends on how its advertisement is translated. The structural and cultural differences between English and Arabic and the functional nature of headlines in English business advertisements seem to have direct bearing on how advertising headlines are rendered into Arabic. This study investigates the translation of advertising headlines from English into Arabic in the context of marketing products/services in UAE. The aim is to identify the techniques used in translating headlines and their implications for translation quality and to identify views of Arab customers over the acceptability of Arabic versions of advertising headlines. The study findings indicate that seven translation techniques are used and customers consider Arabic advertisements produced via function-oriented translation techniques more acceptable than translations produced via form-based techniques.
HYPEREIDÉS: EUXENIPPOS MELLETT POLYEUKTOSSZAL SZEMBEN HAZAÁRULÁS ÜGYÉBEN
Authors: HORVÁTH LÁSZLÓ
Published: July 2020

Hypereidés Euxenippos mellett Polyeuktosszal szemben hazaárulás ügyében elmondott védőbeszédét az első kiadó, Churchill Babington Kr. e. 334-re keltezte. Domenico Comparetti azonban hamarosan Kr. e. 330 és 324 közé szorította a keletkezés lehetséges dátumát. Érvelése szerint a szónok csak úgy idézhette Olympiasnak, Alexandros anyjának az athéni néphez írt leveléből a „Molossia az enyém” kifejezést, ha Olympias már valóban a terület ura volt, tehát Kr. e. 331, azaz fi vére halála után. A keltezést jó másfél évszázada tényként kezelik, olyannyira, hogy a kiadók több szövegjavítást és értelmezési alternatívát is ehhez az elképzeléshez igazítottak. A tanulmány amellett érvel, hogy a hagyományozott, jól értelmezhető szövegnek megfelelően a beszédet Kr. e. 334/333-ra kell datálni, javításokra nincs szükség, Churchill Babingtonnak igaza volt.
Triad system for object's 3D localization using low-resolution 2D ultrasonic sensor array
Authors: Abu-Qasmieh Isam , Alqudah Ali Mohammad
Published: July 2020

In the recently published researches in the object localization field, 3D object localization takes the largest part of this research due to its importance in our daily life. 3D object localization has many applications such as collision avoidance, robotic guiding and vision and object surfaces topography modeling. This research study represents a novel localization algorithm and system design using a low-resolution 2D ultrasonic sensor array for 3D real-time object localization. A novel localization algorithm is developed and applied to the acquired data using the three sensors having the minimum calculated distances at each acquired sample, the algorithm was tested on objects at different locations in 3D space and validated with acceptable level of precision and accuracy. Polytope Faces Pursuit (PFP) algorithm was used for finding an approximate sparse solution to the object location from the measured three minimum distances. The proposed system successfully localizes the object at different positions with an error average of ±1.4 mm, ±1.8 mm, and ±3.7 mm in x-direction, y-direction, and z-direction, respectively, which are considered as low error rates.
Cells and building structures. Part I.
Authors: Lámer Géza
Published: July 2020

The rooms of each building can be interpreted as three-dimensional cells. Borders (sides, edges) of rooms can be identified as the two-, one-, or zero-dimensional boundary cells of the three dimensional cell. The building structures identified as two-, one-, or zero-dimensional cells can be modeled by distinguished geometrical forms, surface-, line-, and point-like bodies. In accordance with the latter, building materials (finished products) can also be considered as surface-, line-, and point-like bodies.

The aim of the study is to create compliance between the cell elements and the building structures. It will be done at different levels:

– interpretation of relationship between building construction and cells,

– interpretation of relationship between building construction and selected bodies,

– interpretation the loadbearing's structure using cells,

– structure of the surface-construction and the cells,

– interpretation building types using cells.

In this paper (as part I) the first two items will be studied. The other three cases will be studied in another paper (as part II).
Control design of damper mass spring system based on backstepping controller scheme
Authors: Badr Munaf Fathi , Karam Ekhlas Hameed , Mjeed Noor Mohammaed
Published: July 2020

The objective of this paper is to present a proposed control model for the electromechanical damper mass spring system including the backstepping technique in comparison with the conventional proportional–derivative–integral (PID) controller unit to realize the best performance of the control systems. The suggested approach demanded the construction in laboratory arrangement of damper mass spring system which linked with electrical position sensor, and the theoretical work involved the derivation of the required mathematical equations in order to formulate the simulation models in Matlab software package. The obtained results show that the backstepping control technique provides the better performance associated with stable control system especially with increasing the value of selected mechanical load.
Industry 4.0 and some social consequences: Impact assessment by microsimulation for Hungary
Authors: Cserháti Ilona , Pirisi Károly
Published: July 2020

The expected future impact of the fourth industrial revolution is a hotly debated issue in the literature. The majority of papers focus on quantifying the expected impacts on labour demand, or on a specific country, or on huge macro-regions – and the estimates differ widely. Our paper focuses on the impact assessment of Industry 4.0 on the expected structure of employment, wages and inequalities in Hungary. We built a static microsimulation model for our analysis, where the “EU Survey of Income and Living Conditions Hungary 2017” dataset was used as a starting point. Projections by the European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (CEDEFOP) were used for policy simulations on future employment by sector and by occupational group for each European Union (EU) member state. The analysis also elaborates our own augmented vision about the expected labour demand changes and expected wage trends. Based on this information, the spill-over effects were calculated regarding wage structure and inequalities by sector, region and the highest educational attainment.
Fecal expression of Escherichia coli lysine decarboxylase (LdcC) is downregulated in E-cadherin negative lobular breast carcinoma
Authors: Sári Zs. , Kovács T. , Csonka T. , Török M. , Sebő É. , Toth J. , Tóth D. , Mikó E. , Kiss B. , Szeőcs D. , Uray K. , Karányi Zs. , Kovács I. , Méhes G. , Árkosy P. , Bai P.
Published: July 2020

Breast cancer is characterized by oncobiosis, the abnormal composition of the microbiome in neoplastic diseases. The biosynthetic capacity of the oncobiotic flora in breast cancer is suppressed, as suggested by metagenomic studies. The microbiome synthesizes a set of cytostatic and antimetastatic metabolites that are downregulated in breast cancer, including cadaverine, a microbiome metabolite with cytostatic properties. We set out to assess how the protein expression of constitutive lysine decarboxylase (LdcC), a key enzyme for cadaverine production, changes in the feces of human breast cancer patients (n = 35). We found that the fecal expression of Escherichia coli LdcC is downregulated in lobular cases as compared to invasive carcinoma of no special type (NST) cases. Lobular breast carcinoma is characterized by low or absent expression of E-cadherin. Fecal E. coli LdcC protein expression is downregulated in E-cadherin negative breast cancer cases as compared to positive ones. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of LdcC expression in lobular and NST cases revealed that fecal E. coli LdcC protein expression might have predictive values. These data suggest that the oncobiotic transformation of the microbiome indeed leads to the downregulation of the production of cytostatic and antimetastatic metabolites. In E-cadherin negative lobular carcinoma that has a higher potential for metastasis formation, the protein levels of enzymes producing antimetastatic metabolites are downregulated. This finding represents a new route that renders lobular cases permissive for metastasis formation. Furthermore, our findings underline the role of oncobiosis in regulating metastasis formation in breast cancer.
Oral saline consumption and pressor responses to acute physical stress
Authors: Del Vecchio J.J. , Hosick P.A. , Matthews E.L.
Published: July 2020

Sodium induced volume loading may alter pressor responses to physical stress, an early symptom of cardiovascular disease. Purpose: Study 1: Determine the time point where total blood volume and serum sodium were elevated following saline consumption. Study 2: Examine the BP response to isometric handgrip (HG) and the cold pressor test (CPT) following saline consumption. Methods: Study 1: Eight participants drank 423 mL of normal saline (sodium 154 mmol/L) and had blood draws every 30 min for 3 h. Study 2: Sixteen participants underwent two randomized data collection visits; a control and experimental visit 90 min following saline consumption. Participants underwent 2 min of isometric HG, post exercise ischemia (PEI), and CPT. Results: Study 1: Total blood volume (3.8 ± 3.0 Δ%) and serum sodium (3.5 ± 3.6 Δ%) were elevated (P < 0.05) by the 90 min time point. Study 2: There were no differences in mean arterial pressure (MAP) during HG (EXP: 17.4 ± 8.2 ΔmmHg; CON: 19.1 ± 6.0 ΔmmHg), PEI (EXP: 16.9 ± 11.7 ΔmmHg; CON: 16.9 ± 7.8 ΔmmHg), or the CPT (EXP: 20.3 ± 10.8 ΔmmHg; CON: 20.9 ± 11.7 ΔmmHg) between conditions (P > 0.05). MAP recovery from the CPT was slower following saline consumption (1 min recovery: EXP; 15.7 ± 7.9 ΔmmHg, CON; 12.3 ± 8.9 ΔmmHg, P < 0.05). Conclusion: Data showed no difference in cardiovascular responses during HG or the CPT between conditions. BP recovery was delayed by saline consumption following the CPT.
High-intensity interval training-induced hypertrophy in gastrocnemius muscle via improved IGF-I/Akt/FoxO and myostatin/Smad signaling pathways in rats
Authors: Biglari Soheil , Afousi Alireza Ghardashi , Mafi Farnoosh , Shabkhiz Fatemeh
Published: July 2020

Objective

It has been shown that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) leads to skeletal muscle hypertrophy; however, its mechanisms of cellular and molecular regulation are still unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of HIIT on muscle hypertrophy and major signal transduction pathways.

Design

12 male rats were randomly divided into two groups: control and HIIT. The exercise group performed 30-min HIIT in each session (5 × 4-min intervals running at 85–95% VO2maxseparated by 2-min active rest at 55–60% VO2max), 3 days/week for 8 weeks. Muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) and the expression of signal transduction pathway proteins were determined in the gastrocnemius muscle.

Results

In the HIIT group, the expression of IGF-I, IGF-IR Akt, p-Akt, AMPKα, p-AMPKα and follistatin increased significantly, whereas a significant decrease was observed in the expression of FoxO1, p-FoxO1, myostatin, ActRIIB, Smad2/3 and p-Smad2/3 (P< 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the HIIT and control groups in the expression of mTOR, p-mTOR, P70S6K, and p-P70S6K (P> 0.05). In addition, CSA and gastrocnemius muscle weight increased significantly in the HIIT group (P< 0.05).

Conclusions

HIIT induced muscle hypertrophy by improving IGF-I/Akt/FoxO and myostatin/Smad signal transduction pathways.
Pro- and anti-inflammatory factors, vascular stiffness and outcomes in chronic hemodialysis patients
Authors: Sági B. , Peti A. , Lakatos O. , Gyimesi T. , Sulyok E. , Wittmann I. , Csiky Botond
Published: July 2020

Objective

In this observational study we addressed accelerated arteriosclerosis (AS) in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) on hemodialysis (HD) by measuring vascular stiffness (VS) parameters and attempted to relate them to pro-inflammatory and protective factors.

Patients

96 consecutive patients receiving regular HD were included. 20 adult patients without major renal, cardiovascular or metabolic morbidities served as controls.

Methods

AS parameters (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity – PWV, aortic augmentation index – Aix) were measured by using applanation tonometry (SphygmoCor, AtCor Medical, Sidney). In addition to routine laboratory tests 25(OH) vitamin D3 (vitamin D3) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were quantified by immunometric assay; whereas fetuin-A, α-Klotho, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were determined by ELISA.

Results

Pro-inflammatory biomarkers (hsCRP, TNF-α and TGF-β1) were markedly elevated (P < 0.01), while anti-inflammatory factors (fetuin-A: P < 0.05, α-Klotho: P < 0.01, vitamin D3: P < 0.01) significantly depressed in HD patients when compared to controls. PWV was significantly affected only by total cholesterol, fetuin-A and dialysis time. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that several clinical and laboratory parameters were associated with pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers rather than VS. The impact of baseline clinical and biochemical variables on outcome measures were also analyzed after three-year follow-up, and it was demonstrated that low levels of vitamin D, α-Klotho protein and fetuin-A were related to adverse cardiovascular outcomes, whereas all-cause mortality was associated with elevated hsCRP and depressed vitamin D.

Conclusions

Our results provide additional information on the pathomechanism of accelerated AS in patients with CRF, and documented direct influence of pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers on major outcome measures.
Cerebral and peripheral muscle oxygenation and perfusion: Course in moderate and late preterm neonates during the first day after birth
Authors: Hoeller N. , Baik-Schneditz N. , Schwaberger B. , Mileder L. , Urlesberger B. , Pichler G.
Published: July 2020

Aim

To investigate the ratio of cerebral tissue oxygenation index (cTOI) to peripheral muscle tissue oxygenation index (pTOI) measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in cardio-circulatory stable preterm neonates without signs of inflammation/infection on the first day after birth.

Methods

Observational study analysing secondary outcome parameters of the ‘Avoiding Hypotension in Preterm Neonates (AHIP)’ trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01910467). Preterm neonates, who had cTOI and pTOI measurements during 24 h after birth, were included. In each neonate the mean of the cTOI/pTOI-ratio, cTOI, pTOI and routine monitoring parameters were calculated for each hour and for the 24-h measuring period. Courses of all measured parameters were analysed.

Results

Eighty-seven stable preterm neonates (33.1 [32.1–34.1] weeks of gestation) were included. The mean value over the 24-h measuring period for the cTOI/pTOI-ratio was 0.96 ± 0.02, for cTOI 70.1 ± 1.4 and for pTOI 73.4 ± 0.9. Routine monitoring parameters were in the normal ranges over 24 h. The courses of the cTOI/pTOI-ratio and cTOI showed significantly lower values from hour 5 to 15 compared to the first hours after birth. Heart rate decreased significantly over time, whereas mean arterial blood pressure increased significantly. pTOI, arterial oxygen saturation and body temperature showed no significant change over time.

Conclusion

We are the first to report on cTOI/pTOI-ratios for cardio-circulatory stable preterm neonates over a 24-h period after birth, showing significantly lower values from hour 5 to 15 compared to the first hours after birth.
An outline of a pragmatic sociology of ‘violence’
Authors: Werneck Alexandre , Teixeira Cesar Pinheiro , Talone Vittorio da Gamma
Published: July 2020

Abstract In this article we propose a model for a pragmatic sociology of violence. Based on a semiotic analysis of a primordial cognitive operation deployed in people’s definition of situations, namely qualification, the essential characterization of things, the paper maps the meanings attributed to what both ordinary social actors and academic analysts treat as violence. Our analysis shows that this operation imbues a concrete object with meaning, the disproportionate use of force, whose resignifications compose a typology of five ‘sociologies of violence,’ both native and academic. These are: substantivist, constructivist, political, critical, and praxiological. To this gallery, we suggest the addition of another item: a pragmatic sociology. Taking the sign ‘violence’ as an interpretant, this sociology seeks to understand how, in people’s qualifications, it functions as a connection between moral metaphysics (worldviews in which the deployment of disproportionate force makes sense) and devices capable of effectuating them.
Efecto de la sustitución de zinc por níquel en sólidos del tipo hidrotalcita
Authors: Rodríguez-Ruiz Johana , Osorio-Herrera Shirley , Meza-Fuentes Edgardo
Published: July 2020

RESUMEN Las hidrotalcitas pueden ser usadas para diferentes aplicaciones debido a sus propiedades químicas y por dar origen a sólidos con elevada área superficial específica, buena estabilidad térmica, alta dispersión y carácter básico. Estas características han conducido a que estos materiales hayan recibido mucha atención y aplicación en áreas como la remoción de contaminantes y en la síntesis de catalizadores. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto de la sustitución de zinc por níquel en hidrotalcitas a base de zinc-aluminio, las cuales han mostrado actividad para la depolimerización catalítica de poli (tereftalato de etileno). La estructura del tipo hidrotalcita fue observada en todos los materiales, notándose que el aumento de zinc conduce a mayores valores del parámetro a de las celdas ortorrómbicas de las hidrotalcitas. La disminución del parámetro c condujo a una mayor interacción CO32-‧ ‧ ‧ OH en la región interlaminar. Los sólidos con mayor contenido de zinc colapsaron a menores temperaturas, efecto contrario al inducido por el níquel. Los sólidos calcinados contienen las fases ZnO, NiO y g-Al2O3, cuya presencia depende de los metales presentes. Los resultados sugieren la presencia de partículas grandes y con alta cristalinidad de la fase ZnO, mientras que los picos definidos y anchos de NiO sugieren la existencia de partículas pequeñas de esta especie, cuya cristalinidad está afectada por la presencia de cationes Zn2+ y Al3+ en la red cristalina cubica del NiO. Los materiales conteniendo dos metales presentaron isotermas características de materiales predominantemente macroporosos, En relación a los materiales con tres metales, las estructuras son mesoporosas y con alta área superficial específica, observándose que el sólido Zn0,44Ni0,22Al0,33 contiene poros en forma de hendidura, mientras que los sólidos Zn0,33Ni0,33Al0,33 y Ni0,44Zn0,22Al0,33 presentaron isotermas propias de materiales con poros estrechos en forma de capilares.
Avaliação do efeito de deformação plástica na dureza, microestrutura e propriedades magnéticas de um aço inoxidável AISI 316L
Authors: Marques Allan Victor Mathias , Carmo Kerciely Martins do , Lage Wivyan Castro , Teixeira Ricardo Luiz Perez , Lacerda José Carlos de , Teixeira Cynthia Helena Soares Bouças , Shitsuka Ricardo
Published: July 2020

RESUMO O aço AISI 316L é muito aplicado como biomaterial de baixo custo em próteses e equipamentos cirúrgicos, dentre outras aplicações. Estas aplicações se devem à sua boa resistência à corrosão em presença de meios contendo fluidos corporais. Muito embora o aço apresente as características mencionadas, estas poderão ser comprometidas com a formação de martensita alfa linha (fase magnética) induzida por deformação a frio. Neste caso, o presente trabalho, teve como objetivo investigar os efeitos de laminação a frio no surgimento de fase martensítica. Para tanto foram realizadas três diferentes deformações. A chapa como recebida e as amostras deformadas foram submetidas a ensaios de ferritoscopia, microdureza Vickers e análise microestrutural por microscopia eletrônica de varredura, MEV. Foi observado que nas amostras deformadas a frio houve o surgimento de fase magnética (provavelmente martensita alfa linha) e aumento da microdureza, devido ao encruamento e à presença de fases induzidas por deformação.
Excessive coverage effect (over peening) in the blasting operation of aluminum alloy “AA 7475-T7351” with steel shot
Authors: Granato José Aparecido , Pontes João Antonio , Gonçalves Erika Peterson , Sinka Viliam
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Aluminum and its alloys are widely used in the aeronautics industry due to its high lightness and ductility, and it can add other elements, thus changing its characteristics. Fatigue is the major cause of failure of metal materials due to the dynamic and oscillating stresses of the finished materials. The objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of Shot Peening with coverage percentages 1blasting, 3 blasting and 10 blasting in fatigue life of aluminum alloy AA 7475-T351. Shot Peening is a cold surface treatment used to increase fatigue life of the alloy by inducing residual stresses of compression on the surface of the part. In the Shot Peening process, spherical steel grids of type S230 were used, in which the specimens were subjected to 1blasting, 3 blasting and 10 blasting coverage in two stress levels (42 Ksi and 50 Ksi). The results presented in the fatigue tests and electron scanning (SEM) showed the increase in the mechanical properties of all the samples, and those exposed to 1 blasting and 3 blasting presented better results.