bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
General theoretical characterization of legal duties as a basis for understanding the constitutional duties of an individual and a citizen
Authors: Kazakov Anton
Published: October 2024

The article offers a general theoretical characterization of legal duties as a foundation for understanding the constitutional obligations of individuals and citizens. It establishes that the organization and functioning of Ukrainian statehood, along with the establishment and development of a capable civil society, are complex and protracted processes influenced by numerous factors. Given the enormous impact of various aspects on this process, one cannot ignore the human factor, which is the influence of people on the development of statehood and the formation of civil society with all its institutions. This human influence is largely exercised through the fulfillment of constitutional duties assigned to individuals by the Constitution and laws of Ukraine. However, to achieve a deep and comprehensive understanding of these duties, one must begin with the more general categories that underlie constitutional duties. Primarily, this pertains to social duties, and more specifically, to legal duties. Therefore, the article constructs a framework for understanding the duties of individuals and citizens, progressing from social duties to legal duties, and finally to constitutional duties. The first category (social duties) encompasses all obligations a person has within society and towards others, including their associations. These duties encompass both legal obligations, regulated by law, and non-legal obligations, governed by other social regulators (moral norms, religion, customs, and corporate standards). In this context, social duties represent a broad category of modern obligations that individuals owe to other people (an individual), to society, and to humanity as a whole.
Additionally, it should be noted that some social duties, when viewed from a historical perspective, are significantly closer in importance to constitutional duties. Therefore, understanding constitutional duties and their legal nature should encompass both the social nature of social duties and the legal nature of legal duties, while also accounting for the specific characteristics and features of constitutional duties.
Regarding legal duties, the article proposes defining them, based on established scientific principles, as a type of social duty established in the interest of society through binding and prohibitive legal provisions. These duties are realized through lawful behavior, including fulfillment and compliance, and deliberate non-fulfillment of these duties incurs legal liability. This definition is universal and applies both to the basic constitutional duties and to duties established by other branches of law.
Artificial intelligence technology in Ukraine’s electoral system: implementation prospects
Authors: Kurashov Oleksii
Published: October 2024

The article is dedicated to examining the issues related to the implementation of artificial intelligence technologies in Ukraine’s electoral system. Based on an analysis of ChatGPT technology, the author explores the potential threats and risks to the national electoral system arising from the adoption of such technologies. Additionally, the article reviews foreign legislation regulating the implementation and functioning of artificial intelligence technologies in the electoral systems of European Union countries.
Humanistic principles of the legal system
Authors: Byelov Dmytro , Bielova Myroslava
Published: October 2024

The study focuses on the study of the principle of humanism as a key element of the modern legal state. The author traces the evolution of the humanistic concept from ancient times to the present, emphasizing its defining role in the formation of legal systems and state policy.
The article reveals the essence of the concept of “principle” in the legal context. Emphasis is placed on the systematicity, interrelationship, and hierarchy of the principles of law, which is crucial for understanding their functions in the legal system.
The analysis of the principle of humanism as an end-to-end component of the legal system occupies a central place in the research. Its main aspects are considered: the value of the individual, respect for dignity, ensuring rights and freedoms, orientation towards the common good. It is emphasized that humanism in law is not only an ethical ideal, but also a practical guideline for law-making and law enforcement.
The author explores the dialectical opposition of humanism and anti-humanism, which allows for a deeper understanding of the dynamic nature of humanistic principles and their influence on the development of the rule of law. Emphasis is placed on the need for constant critical analysis of existing norms and institutions regarding their compliance with humanistic ideals.
An important aspect of the work is the analysis of the relationship between the moral maturity of society and the realization of the principle of humanism. It is argued that in a morally developed society, respect for the rights and freedoms of the individual becomes an integral part of everyday life, creating harmony between ethical principles and legal norms.
The conclusions emphasize the importance of not only the legislative enshrining of humanistic principles, but also their practical implementation in all spheres of social life. This involves the constant improvement of the legal system and state administration for the maximum satisfaction of the needs and interests of citizens, which is a defining feature of a truly legal and democratic state.
Constitutional and legal framework for the institutionalization of Ukraine’s security and defense sector
Authors: Chalyi M.
Published: October 2024

The article focuses on the examination of the constitutional and legal framework that underpins the institutionalization of Ukraine’s security and defense sector. The relevance of this issue stems from the close connection between the security and defense sector of Ukraine and the safeguarding of the country’s constitutional order. Consequently, there is a need to elucidate the constitutional and legal basis for the organization and functioning of this sector. Additionally, the author emphasizes that the Constitution of Ukraine does not explicitly reference this sector, and its thorough legal institutionalization was accomplished relatively recently, particularly with the enactment of the comprehensive Law of Ukraine “On National Security of Ukraine” in 2018.
Before the enactment of this Law, various legislative acts were in place, each contributing to the formation of differing approaches. Notably, these acts facilitated the institutionalization of the Military Organization of the State, a complex entity that consolidated the responsibilities of state structures and, by its legal nature, closely aligned with the contemporary concept of Ukraine’s security and defense sector.
To thoroughly understand the key aspects of the institutionalization of Ukraine’s security and defense sector, it becomes necessary to compare the legal constructs of the “Military Organization of the State” and the “security and defense sector of Ukraine”. This comparative approach aims to offer a clearer understanding of the logic behind state-building in the context of Ukraine’s national security and defense, highlighting the continuity in this domain and the corresponding constitutional and legal regulations.
Applying a systemic analysis to the above two terms, we can distinguish the basic and key components of the latter. The first component is institutional, which is what entities are grouped under these terms. From the institutional point of view, the security and defense sector covers a wider range of actors. The second component (legalization) is related to the legal basis for their activities. In both cases, it means that the activities of the respective entities are carried out in accordance with the Constitution and laws of Ukraine. At the same time, only the definition of the concept of the Military Organization of the State also stipulates that the entities not only act on the basis of the Constitution and laws of Ukraine, but are also created. The third component (functional) is that the definition of these two concepts indicates what tasks the Military Organization of the State was directly facing, as well as the tasks currently facing the units of the security and defense sector of Ukraine. And finally, the fourth component (guarantee) is related to guaranteeing compliance with the requirements of the Constitution and laws of Ukraine within the organization and activities of the above-mentioned entities.
Negative effect of pesticides on the biosphere as a threat to environmental safety
Authors: Sobchenko Lyudmila , Fedosova Olena
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the biological impact of pesticides on the natural environment. Excessive use of pesticides, their improper transportation and storage complicates the ecological situation in the world, reduces the reproductive capacity of the biosphere. An analysis of the causes of their negative consequences on nature and the environment is offered. Forms of illegal sale and production of pesticides are highlighted. The main negative environmental consequences of the use of pesticides are presented. The legislative level of regulation of pesticide use processes and responsibility for violations of legislation on pesticides and agrochemicals is characterized. It has been established that the illegal use of pesticides has a multifaceted negative impact on the biosphere, the scale of which is compared to global environmental factors. The main danger of pesticides is their entry into the biological cycle, during which they enter the bodies of people and animals. The issue of pesticide storage in warehouses throughout the territory of Ukraine, where active hostilities are taking place, is outlined, which poses even more threats that may arise as a result of their outbreak and getting into the environment. The need for urgent decision-making and coordination of many issues related to the solution of this problem before the potential occurrence of negative consequences is actualized. As a result, not influencing this situation can lead to irreversible consequences in the form of a biological disaster. New approaches to solving the problem of illegal use of pesticides and ways to neutralize their negative impact on the biosphere in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine are proposed.
Gender equality courses for judiciary as a tool to enhance access to justice
Authors: Fuley Tetyana
Published: October 2024

The article discusses how to design and deliver gender equality training for judges to boost their gender awareness and ensure gender-sensitive justice. In recognizing how specific the judicial training is, the article suggests an approach to using multiple methods in well-designed, holistic yet adaptable combination, taking account of the judicial skills, to make a value-shift transformation. The first part of this article provides contextual background for judicial training on gender equality and sets out some of the common features all gender equality courses for the judiciary to possess. The author accented that gender equality courses for judiciary have to address such challenges as to overcome prejudiced (either skeptical or even aggressive) perception of the gender related issues as the consequence of strong anti-gender movements as a part of Russian propaganda, to deal with the invisibility of the gender inequality, to demonstrate gender sensitive situations and cases in courts and the practical application of the gender (in)equality in judicial work. Therefore, the course design requires combination of the content (“what”), methodological approaches (“how”) and performance/ delivery (“who”), considering also “in what context”. The second part of the article highlights some specificities of each of four gender equality target-oriented courses designed for different target groups within judiciary, namely sitting judges, court presidents, judges-trainers, and judges-to-be (so called “candidates for the position of judge”). Finally, the author elaborates the idea of importance of carrying out gender awareness raising among judiciary, aimed, inter alia, at countering gender stereotypes and gender bias, as well as enabling judges to see gender inequality, through displaying situations and cases using gender-sensitive pedagogical tools. Thus, integrating a gender perspective into judicial training would eventually contribute to countering gender discrimination and could serve as practical tools to enhance access to justice.
Multi-wave Communication Model – An Overview
Authors: Geddada Satya Vaishnavi
Published: October 2024

This paper explores the current communication technologies used in spacecraft, with a focus on Radio Frequency (RF) and Laser Technology. These technologies are essential for ensuring reliable communication between spacecraft and Earth, which is critical for the success of space missions. The Voyager Missions, renowned for their pioneering deep-space exploration, provide valuable insights and serve as benchmarks for effective communication strategies. Building upon this foundation, the paper introduces the "Multi-Wave Communication Model," a novel concept that integrates diverse wave generation, transmission, and reception techniques into a unified spacecraft communication system. This model examines the potential of utilizing various electromagnetic spectrum waves, including Gamma Rays, X-rays, UV Rays, Microwaves, and Radio Waves, alongside advanced communication methods such as Laser, Neutrino, and Quantum Entanglement. Each technology is evaluated for its unique benefits, such as enhanced data transmission rates and reduced latency. The development of this model also involves advanced data processing techniques and artificial intelligence (AI), which are crucial for creating algorithms capable of dynamically selecting the optimal communication wave based on the spacecraft’s environment and mission needs. The paper further discusses potential enhancements and requirements necessary to make this model feasible. Though currently theoretical, the Multi-Wave Communication Model offers a forward-looking vision for the future of space communication, with the potential to be realized in the decades to come.
Switching from SPSS to R (Free Seminar)
Authors: Jang Daisung
Published: October 2024

This seminar facilitates the transition from SPSS to R for researchers in various academic fields, offering practical insights and hands-on experience with R's powerful data analysis capabilities. Led by Daisung Jang, participants will learn essential skills such as data manipulation, statistical analysis, and visualization in R, enhancing the quality and efficiency of their research.
Buenas Prácticas en la Presentación de Resultados de Citometría de Flujo
Authors:   Sociedad Ibérica de Citometría
Published: October 2024

Este taller de dos días, organizado por la Sociedad Ibérica de Citometría, está dirigido a estudiantes de doctorado, profesores, investigadores y profesionales del ámbito de Ciencias Clínicas, Inmunología, Hematología y Citometría. Su objetivo es establecer las bases para presentar correctamente los resultados obtenidos mediante citometría de flujo. Los participantes aprenderán a recoger la información metodológica relevante, estructurar sus resultados y seleccionar los gráficos adecuados para hacer presentaciones científicas de manera clara y profesional y mejorar la calidad y el impacto de sus investigaciones.
Statistique Appliquée avec JMP
Authors:   Statistical Methodology and Computing Service
Published: October 2024

This workshop offers a comprehensive introduction to advanced statistical methods using JMP software, tailored for PhD students and researchers. Over five days, participants will master data management, exploratory analysis, regression techniques, and more, gaining practical skills directly applicable to their research projects. An official Instats certificate of completion is provided at the conclusion of the seminar. For European PhD students, the seminar offers 0.5 ECTS Equivalent point.
Analysis of the Impact of Vygotsky's Collaborative Learning Theory on the Development of Group Skills
Authors: Khosravizadeh Omid
Published: October 2024

This study examines the impact of Vygotsky's collaborative learning theory on the development of group skills among students. Vygotsky's theory emphasizes the role of social interactions and the teacher's role as a facilitator in the learning process, highlighting the importance of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) in promoting effective learning. Through a descriptive analysis, the study explores how social interactions and collaborative activities within groups contribute to the enhancement of group skills such as communication, problem-solving, and conflict management. The role of the teacher in guiding and supporting students within their ZPD is also analyzed, revealing that targeted feedback and constructive support can significantly improve group dynamics and skills. The findings underscore the practical implications of using collaborative learning strategies in educational settings, suggesting that these approaches not only foster individual development but also enhance collective skills essential for success in both academic and professional environments. This study also identifies gaps in previous research and offers recommendations for future studies to explore the long-term effects of collaborative learning on group skills development.
Evaluation of Curriculum Programs Based on Constructivist Learning Theory and the Development of Critical Thinking
Authors: Yousefizadeh Sahar
Published: October 2024

This article evaluates curriculum programs based on constructivist learning theory, with a focus on developing critical thinking in students. Constructivist theory, as a major learning theory, emphasizes the importance of active and collaborative learning. Accordingly, curricula designed based on this theory can effectively enhance critical thinking skills. This study employs a descriptive analysis method to examine existing literature and studies. The results indicate that constructivist curricula not only facilitate deeper learning but also improve students' abilities to analyze issues and make logical decisions. Additionally, challenges and barriers in implementing these programs, including resistance from teachers and students to shift from traditional to constructivist approaches, are discussed. Finally, recommendations for improving the quality of curricula and strengthening critical thinking skills in educational systems are provided.
Analysis of Media Literacy Education and Its Impact on Critical Thinking Development
Authors: Rezvanifar Ali Asghar
Published: October 2024

The rapid expansion of media in contemporary society has made media literacy an essential skill, closely tied to the development of critical thinking. This narrative review examines the impact of media literacy education on enhancing critical thinking abilities. Through a descriptive analysis of existing studies and literature, this article explores how media literacy education fosters critical analysis, evaluation of information, and independent thinking. The findings indicate that media literacy, as a multidimensional skill, equips individuals to critically engage with media messages, enhancing their ability to analyze content and resist manipulative influences. However, challenges such as the lack of cohesive educational programs and cultural resistance limit the effectiveness of media literacy education. The article also discusses the importance of integrating culturally relevant media literacy education to strengthen critical thinking. The conclusion offers recommendations for improving media literacy education, emphasizing interactive teaching methods and the need for further research in this area.
Evaluation of the Application of Poststructuralist Theories in the Development of Diverse Curricula
Authors: Azizi Keyvan
Published: October 2024

This systematic review examines the application of poststructuralist theories in the development of diverse curricula, focusing on their impact, benefits, and challenges. Poststructuralism, with its emphasis on the fluidity of meaning, critique of power structures, and the dynamic interplay between knowledge and society, has become increasingly influential in educational theory and curriculum design. The review begins by exploring the foundational concepts of poststructuralist theories, highlighting the contributions of key theorists like Michel Foucault and Jacques Derrida. It then analyzes various case studies where poststructuralist principles have been successfully integrated into curricula, particularly in higher education and elementary schools. The findings indicate that curricula informed by poststructuralism foster critical thinking, creativity, and active student participation, making them more adaptable to contemporary societal needs. However, the implementation of such curricula also faces significant challenges, including resistance from traditional educational structures and the complexity of poststructuralist ideas. The review concludes with recommendations for future research and practical strategies for curriculum developers to effectively integrate poststructuralist theories into educational frameworks.
The Impact of Experiential Learning on the Development of Practical Skills in Internships
Authors: Aqaie Moqaddam Fariborz
Published: October 2024

This article explores the impact of experiential learning on the development of practical skills in internship settings. Utilizing a descriptive analysis method, the study synthesizes findings from various scholarly sources to examine how hands-on experience contributes to skill enhancement in real-world environments. The results indicate that experiential learning significantly improves technical and soft skills, such as problem-solving, teamwork, and critical thinking. Furthermore, the quality and structure of internship programs are identified as critical factors influencing the effectiveness of experiential learning. The study’s findings align with previous research while also highlighting the need for well-structured and supported internship programs to maximize learning outcomes. The research suggests that combining experiential learning with traditional educational methods offers a comprehensive approach to skill development. Recommendations for future research include exploring the role of structured internship programs in various fields and further examining the impact of experiential learning on soft skills.
DESIGN ADVANCES IN URBAN IMPERVIOUS SURFACE EXTRACTION: LEVERAGING K-DISTRIBUTIONS, GLCM, RAYLEIGH AND NAKAGAMI WITH VHR SAR TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Department Training and Internationalization, Ordine Architetti Pianificatori Paesaggisti Conservatori di Napoli e Provincia, Napoli, Italy, Polverino Salvatore
Published: October 2024

The design innovations in the extraction of urban impervious surfaces have played a vital role in using Very High-Resolution Synthetic Aperture Radar technology. Advanced radar technologies are integrated here, with the inclusion of various statistical methodologies like Rayleigh, Nakagami and K-distributions in integration with the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix, Principal Component Analysis and Gabor filters. For analyzing the intensity data of SAR imagery in regard to environmental monitoring, as well as Electronic Warfare has been used in the research. The Shapiro-Wilk test shows the beginning of this work; investigating the departure from normality, the material properties and environmental factors were viewed to have a significant effect on the variation in pixel intensities. Further, the analysis of data with heterogeneity based on some measures of Skewness and Kurtosis was performed. This research is based on design-centred approaches for reducing state noise and enhancing target tracking in complex scenarios by performing textural analysis using techniques such as GLCM, PCA and Kalman filtering. Integration optimizes VHR SAR for enhanced situational awareness and effective detection in an urban landscape. This therefore places a great magnitude on the influence of design on the modification of material properties and effective radar detection.
RETHINKING THEORIES IN INTERIOR DESIGN: A CRITICAL EXPLORATION
Authors:   Department of Interior Architecture, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta,  North Cyprus, Erdenizci Eliz
Published: October 2024

This study explores the absence of discipline-specific theory in interior design and evaluates the application of existing theories from the field’s body of knowledge. Interior design is a relatively young profession and has long been subject to criticism for lacking a unique theory while frequently relying on borrowed theories from other disciplines. Even though this adds richness to its multi-disciplinary nature, this gap viewed as a problem in establishing the discipline’s legitimacy and growth. To address this, the study implements content analysis to systematically review theory-based articles of the selected journals using the keywords such as “theory”, “concept”, “theoretical model” and “paradigm” as assumed codes for the identification of theories. Findings present 28 distinct theoretical frameworks that support the inherently multi-disciplinary nature of interior design and investigate the potential of the interiority concept that is trending in recent studies for the development of discipline-specific theory.
EXPLORING THE NEXUS: DESIGN CHARACTERISTICS OF URBAN LOCAL PUBLIC SPACES AND CHILDREN’S PLAY BEHAVIOR IN BANGALORE, INDIA
Authors:   School of Architecture, CHRIST University, Bangalore, India, Priya V.P.
Published: October 2024

Research in the field of children’s play highlights its diverse benefits on developmental requisites. Specifically, parks and playgrounds emerge as key public spaces in an urban environment, which facilitates a range of play experiences conducive to developmental processes. The main aim of the study is to examine the design characteristics of formal public spaces that influence play behavior of children and the supervision modalities in the Indian context. To achieve this objective the study investigated a park and playground in a rapidly developing neighborhood in Bangalore. Systematic observations were conducted to observe children’s play opportunities with respect to the physical environments including adult supervision modalities. The outcomes reveal that children’s play in the urban context is a supervised activity. The study demonstrates a strong correlation between the age demographics and utilization patterns of play spaces. Though affordances for functional play and rule based games were exhibited in these public spaces, the research found minimal occurrences of Constructive, Imaginative and Exploratory play. Implications for planning and design includes adopting an age-responsive approach to accommodate diverse developmental needs and preferences of children while integrating natural and manipulable materials to enhance play value of play spaces.
Valoración de la capacidad para la toma de decisiones al final de la vida
Authors: Gracia Peligero Eva
Published: October 2024

Tras el cambio de paradigma en los últimos años en la relación médico-paciente, habiendo superado el paternalismo médico, entramos en la etapa de la autonomía del paciente siendo necesario valorar la capacidad del mismo y garantizar su libertad en la toma de decisiones. Solo existe autonomía si existe libertad.
Reflexiones sobre la aplicación de la prestación de ayuda para morir y condiciones que afectan a la salud mental
Authors: Loncán Vidal Pilar
Published: October 2024

La Ley Orgánica 3/2021, de 24 de marzo, de Regulación de la Eutanasia ha cumplido dos años de su entrada en vigor, lo que nos permite disponer de datos sobre su aplicación, además de documentos de análisis sobre las situaciones que han generado debate.
Factors Influencing the Retirement Planning Among Private Sector Workers in Malaysia
Authors: Othman Mohd Noor Azman bin , Rashid Mas Anom binti Abdul , Maura Zulhida binti Abd , Seman Shahri Abu
Published: October 2024

The rising cost of living and the increase life expectancy in Malaysians calls for a study in the preparedness of the Malaysian soon-to-be retirees as Malaysian will be a super aged nation by 2056. There is concerned on whether the current employees has enough savings for their retirements because statistics has shown that many retirees and elderlies facing dilemma of not having sufficient money to maintain and cover a comfortable retirement and medical expenses.  Over time, this problem is becoming worst.  Lack of financial comprehension, inadequacy of private sector workers’ EPF savings and lack of goal clarity would lead to fallacious retirement planning decisions among private sector workers. This study aims to examine the influence of financial literacy, personal attitudes, saving behaviour and goal clarity on retirement planning among workers in Malaysian private sector. This is a quantitative study and survey was used to collect data from 107 private sector workers in Kuala Lumpur. The results shows that financial literacy, personal attitude, saving behaviour and goal clarity do have significant relationship towards retirement planning among workers, however, further analysis carried out singled out goal clarity as the main predictor towards retirement planning. This finding can be beneficial to relevant agencies and bodies to address these factors to encourage an effective retirement planning among their employees so that they can enjoy their retirement years.
PREVALENCE OF HYPERTHYROIDISM IN THE TETOVO REGION, NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: IBRAHIMI Jehona , REÇI Mije , F MEMISHI Sheval
Published: October 2024

Hyperthyroidism is a pathological disorder characterized by increased thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion from the thyroid gland, whereas thyrotoxicosis refers to the clinical syndrome of excess circulating thyroid hormones, irrespective of the source. The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, followed by toxic nodular goiter. Other important causes of thyrotoxicosis include thyroiditis, iodine-induced and drug-induced thyroid dysfunction, and factitious ingestion of excess thyroid hormones. Unrecognized and untreated hyperthyroidism leads to serious clinical complications with adverse outcomes for patients. Hence, adequate knowledge of the epidemiological features of such conditions is desirable to plan effective interventions. Our study aimed to estimate the prevalence of hyperthyroidism in the region of Tetovo, to have an overview of the frequency of hyperthyroidism. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the data of individuals of the Tetovo region during the period 2020-2023. The tests were performed with the ECLIA method, while the patient samples were analyzed using the electrochemiluminescent immunoassay (ECLIA). Out of a total of 860 individuals checked, 173 of them were positive, so the overall prevalence was 20.1%. The prevalence increased with age and for men was 19.54%, but for women 20.36% (for 0.85% higher among women than men). This study can serve to monitor the patterns of hyperthyroidism in the researched region.
NEW LOCALITY OF CIRSIUM CANDELABRUM GRISEB., (ASTERACEAE) IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA
Authors: HAZIRI Agim
Published: October 2024

Cirsium candelabrum Griseb., (Asteraceae) belongs to the group of Balkan endemic, with a wider distribution on the Balkan Peninsula. It was found for the first time in the territory of the Republic of North Macedonia by Grisebach, in 1839, in Shar Mountain, near Tetovo. As a result of continuous research, first by foreign authors and later by local authors, today several localities of the spread of this species are known, primarily in the western part of the country (Debar, Kičevo) and more sporadically in the eastern part of the country and the Skopje basin, in some localities of the Polog region, in Vodno, in Osogovo, etc. During my floristic research in the northwestern region of North Macedonia, another new locality of Cirsium candelabrum Griseb., was discovered, which represents a new record of the distribution of this species in the flora Republic of North Macedonia. Examine specimens: near the mountain road, on the right side of the main road, about 1.14 km before the mountain village of Galichnik, on the slopes of Mount Bistra, in the locality known as Bogdanec: 1537 m, 41 º 35 ' 24 ″ N, 20 º 40 ' 32 ″E, August 2023.
DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF SOME NOVEL COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM HYBDRID COUMARIN-THIAZOLE STRUCTURES
Authors: KRASNIQI Fatjonë , POPOVSKI Emil , JASHARI Ahmed
Published: October 2024

Coumarins are molecules that belong to a special family of compounds which, due to the conjugated double bond become interesting molecules for many fields of study. Their structure and physical properties make them a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry. Also, they exhibit a wide range of biological activity including free radical scavenging. Recent research has focused attention on the anticancer activity of coumarin and coumarin-derived compounds due to their high level of cytotoxicity. Thiazole rings, on the other hand, also showed remarkable anticancer activity on various cancer cells. Based on this, the idea was to combine those two heterocyclic units in one hybrid unique molecular structure with high anticancer potential. The synthetic strategy was simple, applying the reaction of diazotation of 2-aminothizoles and using the corresponding diazonium salts as good electrophiles to attack the 4-hydoxycoumarin core at position 3. Furthermore, it was revealed by previous investigation that the alkyl substituent at the thiazole ring plays playing key role. Namely, by increasing of the nonpolar tail at that part of the molecule, the biological activity is also increased. Based on this, some 4-substituated-2-aminothiazoles were synthesized by optimization of the Hantzsch reaction, before diazotation and coupling with the coumarin core. All of the newly synthesized compounds were purified by crystallization and the melting point was determined. Finally, the obtained compounds were characterized by spectroscopic means.
INCREASING THE EXTRACTION COEFFICIENT OF THE RAW MATERIAL CENTELLA ASIATICA BY OPTIMIZING THE GRANULE SIZE OF THE RAW MATERIAL
Authors: LATIFI Mahi , LATIFI Ejup , JASHARI Nazif , LATIFI Njomza
Published: October 2024

The preparation of the pharmaceutical plant raw material Centella asiatica is one of the key factors affecting the extraction coefficient and optimizing the extraction process. Regardless of the extraction method used, the granule size must be optimal for the process to be effective. This is primarily because an optimal granule size increases the active surface area of the raw material when it comes into contact with the solvent. While this is a general rule for the extraction process, it does not fully apply to Centella asiatica due to practical challenges. During extraction, granules can clump together, forming separate focul that hinder the process and reduce the extraction coefficient. Therefore, achieving an optimal granule size is crucial. On one hand, it ensures the extraction process is completed effectively; on the other hand, it maximizes the extraction coefficient by isolating the desired active substances from the raw material while preventing the extraction of undesirable accompanying substances, such as sugars, chlorophyll, and others, which can complicate the subsequent technological process.
THE ROLE OF ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF TOURISM IN THE PROMOTION OF THE TOURIST LOCALITIES OF SHARR MOUNTAIN
Authors: IBRAIMI Rukije , MUSTAFI Merime , AMITI Fatmire , JONUZI Xhejda
Published: October 2024

The basis for the development of alternative forms of tourism is founded on the attractions of natural and anthropogenic origin that the landscape contains. Sharr Mountain is a set of natural rarities and beauties, each of which represents separate rarities. A significant place in the paper is occupied by the section dealing with the most important characteristics and values that affect the development of alternative forms of tourism such as geographical and tourist position and traffic connection, geomorphological characteristics, climate characteristics, hydrographic characteristics, flora, and fauna, where special emphasis will be placed on the tourist sites of Sharr Mountain such as Brustovec, Leshnica, Popova Sapka, Ljuboten which have greater potential in the development of alternative forms of tourism in Sharr Mountain. The natural beauties that these tourist sites contain are quite interesting and represent a great tourist offer. Given the growing involvement of tourists in various alternative tourism activities, it can be seen that this sector of alternative tourism, as part of the tourism industry, is gaining importance. That is why this issue is being addressed, and the possibilities for the development of alternative forms of tourism in the Southwest region of the Republic of North Macedonia are being explored. The Popova Shapka site is the only site that has a tourist infrastructure, which from a historical point of view it can be concluded that this site was closer to the road and had the advantage of being the first to develop as a tourist center.
FLUVIOKARST LANDFORMS OF THE CANYONS OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA AS A TOURIST RESOURCE
Authors: LEPIRICA Alen
Published: October 2024

In this paper, deep fluviokarst canyons reshaped on limestones and dolomites of the Dinarides of Bosnia and Herzegovina were analyzed from the geomorphological and tourism aspects. In the geomorphological sense, fluviokarst canyons of Bosnia and Herzegovina are diverse in the morphogenetic, morphotectonic, and morphological aspect. Mostly, these relief line depressions are most common in the Dinaric mountainous part of central, eastern, southeastern, and western Bosnia and Herzegovina, where the karst terrains prevails. In addition to the geomorphological characteristics of canyons, we highlighted their natural possibilities for the development of various types of tourism.
ONTOLOGY MATCHING AND MANAGEMENT USING MACHINE LEARNING ASPECTS
Authors: CANTAŞ Gökhan
Published: October 2024

Industry 4. zero is a brand-new generation of data era that ambitions to expand expertise bases for tracking developments in enterprise 4. zero. This paper proposes a framework to cope with the improvement of Knowledge Bases for Monitoring Trends in Industry4.zero.In this framework, we suggest an ontological model (COInd4 ontology) for the manufacturing area that describes the assets and strategies within side the manufacturing unit, and sensor observations are analysed via way of means of remark affects the use of contextual data past classical reasoning mechanism for stopping the forecasted undesired sensor effects that effect on from concept. The framework is primarily based totally on an information-pushed technique for Knowledge Graphs (CSV, JSON, and diverse styles of information) technique for growing Machine studying interoperability combining principles from diverse current ontologies for discovered predictive fashions and execution of the fashions. Moreover, LOTHBROK is designed for estimating cardinalities and paying attention to information locality. The assessment confirmed that TAO can gain appreciably quicker question processing overall performance as compared to the nation of the artwork while processing difficult queries in addition to while besides, TAO gives better transparency, flexibility, and cognitive ergonomics than its options Hontology and Accommodation Ontology. It affords a custom-designed approach to abide via way of means of the necessities of the Greek Programme Diavgeia and proposes the identical time approach to encode authorities and administrative decisions/acts that might be universally followed to combine public files produced via way of means of different EU Member States, with positive changes content-wise.
FACE RECOGNITION: A NEW WAY TO MANAGE YOUR PERSONAL DATA
Authors: ISENI Puhiza , OSMANI Diellza , NESIMI Semina , REXHEPI Ermira , JAIJA-ALJIJI Lirije
Published: October 2024

Facial recognition technology is becoming more and more integrated into our daily lives, offering a new method for handling personal data. This essay examines how this technology has developed from a theoretical idea to a useful instrument in fields like security and attendance control. By using either facial recognition or identifying numbers on an inventive platform that meets a variety of user needs across devices and emphasizes efficiency and simplicity, our proposed system seeks to streamline the process of obtaining and updating personal data. The C# programming language is used to describe the development process, which includes elements like document requests, registration, and automated administrative activities that lower bureaucratic obstacles often associated with traditional documentation processes and increase accessibility. Lastly, we look at the likelihood that this new technology will be widely used in the future for improved security surveillance in a variety of industries. In conclusion, our work is a prime example of how user-centric design and technical innovation may be coupled to advance personal data management practices toward more efficient, efficacy-focused operations.
EDGE COMPUTING FOR INTERNET OF THINGS: ARCHITECTURES, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Authors: BAJRA Gynejt , RUFATI Eip , ADEMI Valbon , RAMAJ Vehbi
Published: October 2024

The Internet of Things (IoT) connects diverse devices to provide digital services globally. Edge computing, a new model, processes data at the network edge for faster responses. This paper discusses IoT architecture, protocols, computing models, and the benefits and challenges they pose. It highlights the need for high-performance IoT applications, especially in critical scenarios, and suggests that Edge computing can enhance efficiency and privacy by processing data where it's produced. Environmental impacts of cloud-based data management and the sustainability of Edge computing are also explored.
IMPLEMENTATION AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A PRACTICAL SYSTEM FOR DIPLOMA VERIFICATION BASED ON BLOCKCHAIN AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: RUSTEMI Avni , ATANASOVSKI Vladimir , ANGELKOSKA Valentina , RISTESKI Aleksandar
Published: October 2024

The development of artificial intelligence in combination with blockchain features is marking a technological revolution in terms of the creation of different intelligent robots, and softbots, and more and more attempts are being made to create an artificial human who will be able to help, understand both the speech and the feelings of the real man. Regarding the implementation of decentralized artificial intelligence in institutions of higher education, there are delays in the implementation of blockchain systems for managing large and variable data. This is mainly due to some unique characteristics of the blockchain, which limit the possibility of data variability, and their updating in real-time. However, we are witnessing the implementation of intelligent softbots that are helping students in various fields. The purpose of creating intelligent robots, and in particular decentralized artificial intelligence, is not to replace humans, but to use human intelligence to create intelligent devices that, above all, will facilitate their lives and way of working. Through the paper, we will try to describe the synergy of cooperation between blockchain technology and artificial intelligence in the creation of decentralized big data management systems. We will give the greatest importance to the implementation of blockchain technology in the verification of diplomas, as very important documents that are generated by the institutions of higher education. We will give examples of the execution of the smart contract for the verification of diplomas, as well as the implementation of AI agents within the blockchain workspace that help in the testing and optimization of the smart contract. Through predictive techniques, and multiple regression, we describe an analysis of the verification of diplomas for a higher education institution within a year, taking simulations as examples.
NAVIGATING ETHICAL TERRAIN: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Authors: MEMETI Ermira , IMERI Florinda , ADEMI Valbon , LUMA-OSMANI Shkurte , BAJRAMI Enes
Published: October 2024

This study conducts a thorough analysis of the ethical dimensions arising from the convergence of artificial intelligence (AI) and human rights concerns. Delving into existing literature, it scrutinizes the potential risks and advantages inherent in artificial intelligence technologies concerning fundamental human rights. The examination extends beyond mere technological advancements to encompass the intricate ethical, legal, and social ramifications emerging in tandem with AI progress. Through synthesizing insights from diverse sources, this article endeavors to elucidate the multifaceted relationship between technology and human rights in the contemporary digital landscape. By critically evaluating the ethical implications, it seeks to deepen our comprehension of the challenges posed by AI deployment and its impact on human rights paradigms. This comprehensive review underscores the imperative to navigate the intricate terrain of artificial intelligence ethics, considering its implications for fundamental human rights. By shedding light on the complexities inherent in this intersection, the study contributes to a nuanced understanding of the ethical imperatives guiding AI development and deployment in the digital age. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for proactive measures to safeguard human rights in the face of advancing AI technologies, advocating for robust ethical frameworks and regulatory mechanisms to uphold fundamental rights in AI-driven societies.
THE NEED FOR DIGITAL SERVICES IN THE SECTOR OF URBANISM AND LAND MANAGEMENT IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF TETOVO
Authors: RUSHITI Suela , IMERI Florinda , AQIFI Dritan
Published: October 2024

The modernisation in the urban planning and construction land management sector describes a new level of efficiency and transparency in public administration in the Municipality of Tetovo. This paper provides recommendations for improvement by proposing a model to utilise technology and innovation to enhance existing processes and address old challenges. In the urban planning and construction land management sector, the process of managing the building request permits is assisted by the application forms. The construction land management unit relies on specialized databases and algorithms for data analysis and management, ensuring a sustainable data foundation for decision-making processes and urban planning efficiency analysis. This digitization and modernization initiative ensures a model of transparent and accountable governance and aims to provide citizens and stakeholders with real-time access to processes and information related to urban planning and construction land management in Tetovo. The administration of the municipality could be much more efficient because through such an application the time of data processing will be shortened, thus offering services that have an impact on the lives of citizens! This hybrid model, local administration assisted by technology, transforms space into sustainable urban development and a more advanced for the citizens of Tetovo.