bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Damage analysis and assessment of concrete T-girder bridge based on fire scene numerical reconstruction
Authors: Chen Yingzhen , Xu Zhaofeng , Huang Yonghui , Xu Qingyuan , Rao Rui
Published: October 2024

Fire is a sporadic disaster of concrete bridges, with diverse fire environments and complex damage mechanisms. Accurately evaluating the damage situation of concrete bridges after a fire is exceedingly challenging. This study formulates a damage analysis and assessment method based on the step-by-step and progressively deepening working principle. The method relies on fire scene numerical reconstruction and encompasses key technical aspects, including bridge detection and analysis during the fire incident, fire scene numerical reconstruction, and subsequent bridge damage assessment. Building upon these principles, the study utilizes results from the detection and analysis of the concrete T-girder bridge during a fire incident to establish Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Finite Element Method (FEM) models for the numerical reconstruction of the fire scene. These models enable the calculation of varying temperature distributions and the evolution of the bridge under fire. Compared with the parameters obtained through the ISO834 method, the numerical reconstruction approaches not only enhances the accuracy of replicating the bridge combustion process but also enables the extraction of temperature field distribution patterns within the bridge fire space and its concrete components.
Obesity in childhood - literature review and educational recommendations
Authors: Kiełczewska Aleksandra , Szcześniak Grzegorz , Kiełczewska Anna
Published: October 2024

Introduction and purpose
Childhood obesity is a major global health concern. The World Health Organization reports that the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents has increased significantly from 4% in 1975 to over 18% in 2016. The aim of the study is to conduct a comprehensive review of the literature on obesity among children and adolescents, emphasizes the importance of prevention, identification and effective management of childhood obesity.
Materials and methods
An extensive examination of articles published in scientific journals was carried out through online research platforms PubMed and Google Scholar. We searched articles by entering keywords in appropriate configuration: “childhood obesity”, “pediatric overweight”, “physical activity”, “activity and health”, “diet and obesity", "bariatric surgery" and "obesity medication".
State of knowledge
Treating childhood obesity requires following a personalized weight loss program, as well as adopting healthy eating habits and lifestyle practices. Improvements in metabolic and anthropometric indices can be achieved through complex interventions including dietary modification and physical activity, behavioral therapy, health promotion education, pharmacological treatment and bariatric surgery A step-by-step approach to managing weight is recommended, considering the child's age, the severity of obesity, and any accompanying health conditions. Dietary interventions focus on promoting a balanced, nutrient-rich diet that is calorie-appropriate for the child's age and gender.
Summary
Further research is still necessary to develop additional pharmaceutical options, refine surgical techniques, and better understand long-term outcomes in this patient population.To effectively prevent this disease, a comprehensive approach is necessary, considering both education and changes in the social environment.
Molecular mechanisms of resistance and new therapeutic approaches in the treatment of colorectal cancer - a review of the literature
Authors: Janeczek Maksymilian , Plewniok Julia , Partyka Maria , Wójcik Julia , Kantor Karolina Kinga , Cholewa Marcin , Szymańska Wiktoria Maria , Jaglarz Karolina , Kuca Maciej , Pamuła Kacper Wojciech
Published: October 2024

CRC occupies one of the leading positions among gastrointestinal malignancies and is a significant problem in Europe since it is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer. Recent developments in diagnostic techniques have led to higher chances of early diagnosis and survival; nevertheless, CRC is highly likely to relapse in the survivorably younger individuals. The importance of the current chemotherapy treatment and potential key therapeutic targets are identified in this review so that the molecular alterations causing drug resistance in CRC can be studied.Current literature formed the basis of this review by reviewing the molecular processes that underlie CRC, with emphasis on the mutational alterations in genes such as SENP1, KRAS, APC, TP53, and BRAF that play critical roles in CRC and resistance to treatment. Chemotherapy for CRC, targeting therapies, and immuno therapies have been discussed particularly with reference to their effectiveness for treatment and overcoming resistance.Genomic alterations in some important genes are involved in the onset of CRC and also determined the response to therapies. The KRAS mutations are associated with the resistance to EGFR inhibitors; however, BRAF mutations require BRAF/MEK inhibitors. Lack of MMR system SSR as a trigger for MSI-H status suggests a better response to immunotherapies. In addition, new molecules including SENP1, which involved the DNA repair pathway, and combination using CDK4/6 inhibitors are currently under development to overcome resistance and enhance the patients’ benefits.Colorectal cancer is still a problem, primarily because of its genetic character and high rates of recurrence. Even though chemotherapy and targeted therapies offer helpful results, the problem of resistance stands in the way. Subsequent studies should aim at symptomatic treatment outcomes and combine different drugs in order to enhance long-term treatment outcomes.
E-Cigarettes in Smoking Cessation and Harm Reduction: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Evidence and Potential Risks
Authors: Górka Mateusz , Kudas Zuzanna , Szerej Krzysztof , Wojtkiewicz Anna , Stec Weronika , Piekarska Magda
Published: October 2024

The global prevalence of tobacco use has significantly decreased over the years, with projections indicating further decline. However, the rise of new nicotine products suggests that nicotine addiction will remain a major public health issue. Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are increasingly recognized as potential tools for smoking cessation and harm reduction. This review evaluates the safety and effectiveness of e-cigarettes both as standalone treatments and in combination with other therapies, such as nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), varenicline, cytisine, and behavioral approaches. A comprehensive analysis of studies published over the past decade, including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized controlled trials, shows that e-cigarettes can enhance smoking cessation rates and reduce tobacco-related harm. They exhibit comparable short-term efficacy to traditional treatments, with promising results in alleviating withdrawal symptoms and lowering smoking rates. However, the long-term safety and effectiveness of combining e-cigarettes with other therapies remain uncertain and require further investigation. Despite their potential benefits, e-cigarettes pose significant safety concerns, underscoring the need for ongoing research to refine cessation strategies and ensure their safe, long-term use. Rigorous evaluation and regulatory oversight are essential to optimize e-cigarettes' role in reducing tobacco harm.
Endometriosis in Focus: Modern Therapeutic Approaches for Enhanced Patient Outcomes - Review
Authors: Piekarska Magda , Wojtkiewicz Anna , Kudas Zuzanna , Szerej Krzysztof , Górka Mateusz , Stec Weronika
Published: October 2024

Endometriosis (EM) is a chronic condition affecting millions of women globally, characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. This review highlights the latest advancements in understanding and treating endometriosis, focusing on new therapeutic strategies aimed at improving patient care.
The article briefly discusses the pathogenesis of endometriosis and reviews traditional treatment methods, including hormonal therapies (progestins, GnRH agonists, and oral contraceptives) and surgical interventions. It then explores the limitations of these conventional therapies and delves into newer strategies targeting specific molecular pathways, offering more effective symptom relief with fewer side effects.
Emerging treatments that modulate the immune response and reduce inflammation are also examined, along with innovative approaches to pain management, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological. The review further considers alternative and supportive therapies, such as dietary changes, gut microbiota interventions, and complementary treatments like acupuncture, which may improve the overall management of endometriosis.
This review emphasizes the shift toward more personalized, holistic care in treating endometriosis, with a focus on emerging therapies like Aromatase Inhibitors, GnRH receptor antagonists, and hormone receptor modulators. These approaches represent a significant advancement in improving the quality of life for women with this condition.
Current Approaches to Treatment and Protein Intake Management in Pre-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease: Impact on Physical Exercise
Authors: Wieczorek Olga Beata , Aleksandrowicz Daria , Głąbień Marta , Jakubczak Zofia , Miłkowski Paweł , Zimniak Maria Weronika , Kondratowicz Aneta , Śliwiak Patryk , Kusiak Karolina , Kuśnierz Anna
Published: October 2024

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the 8th most common condition in the modern world. Unfortunately, it becomes more and more frequent and constitutes a significant global health problem, affecting millions of people worldwide. Therefore, its treatment is an important topic among researchers all over the world. It has been the subject of many trials, so it will eventually be as effective, secure, and comfortable for patients as it possibly can be. That is why updating and assembling current knowledge is the key to organizing information. This paper focuses on pharmacological treatment and nutritional guidelines for CKD pre-dialysis patients, as well as physical activity outcomes. It aims to summarize this knowledge, educate, and help doctors in their daily clinical work.
Burned-out testicular cancer - case report
Authors: Szarek Mateusz , Stolarek Kacper , Andrzejak Alicja , Olszewski Hubert
Published: October 2024

Introduction and Purpose
Germ cell tumors of the testis are the most common malignant tumors in young men aged 15-40, although their incidence in the male population is about 1-1.5%. 90-98% of all testicular tumors originate from germ cells. There has been an increase in the incidence of testicular tumors in recent years, suggesting the influence of both genetic and environmental factors.  Testicular cancer, which accounts for about 5% of all urological cancers and mainly affects young men. Most of these cancers originate from germ cells, and cases of spontaneous tumor regression are extremely rare.
Aim of the study
We present the case of a 36-year-old man who was found to have a left testicular tumor with negative tumor markers during physical examination and testicular ultrasound. The tumor was surgically removed, and the patient was discharged home. Histopathological examination showed that the tumor had completely necrosed, and a CT scan showed no metastasis.
Results and Future directions
The phenomenon of testicular tumor “burnout” has been described since 1927, but it was only in 2016 that the WHO recognized it as a separate disease entity. Despite the rarity of this phenomenon, more and more cases are being reported in the literature, allowing for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. It is important to remember that the tumor can give a variable clinical picture and its symptoms are not necessarily related to the location of the tumor, but to its metastasis. Physical and ultrasound examinations are key to making a correct diagnosis. Histologic features such as scar formation, intravesicular calcification, lymphoplasmocytic infiltration and testicular atrophy can help diagnose germ cell tumor. The findings of this case demonstrate the need for diagnostic vigilance, especially in patients with equivocal tumor marker results but with clinical signs of testicular tumor.
Unraveling distinctions between contrast-enhanced ultrasound and CT/MRI for liver mass diagnosis
Authors: Murad Vanessa , Jang Hyun-Jung , Kim Tae Kyoung
Published: October 2024

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) offers a distinctive approach to liver mass diagnosis by utilizing intravenous contrast agents for enhanced visualization of vascular structures and tissue characterization. This review highlights the unique advantages of CEUS compared to computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), particularly focusing on the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System framework. Key differences include CEUS’s realtime imaging capability, which minimizes arterial phase mistiming and improves detection of hyperenhancing lesions, and its ability to provide detailed washout patterns. Also, CEUS's intravascular nature and lower risk of adverse reactions make it a safer alternative for patients with renal impairment or those contraindicated for CT/MRI.
CBR (California Bearing Ratio) Test on Clay Soil Stabilized with Marble Ash and Biogrouting
Authors: Waruwu Aazokhi , Pangemanan Indah , Yunita Yulia , Calvin Fransiscus , Lujaya Jason , Wijaya Nehemia
Published: October 2024

The existing subgrade for road construction is quite diverse, and sometimes it does not meet the standards for construction subgrade. Repair efforts are needed if the existing land has a fairly low CBR (California Bearing Ratio) value. Stabilization materials for soil improvement can use waste in the form of marble ash, and as a comparison in this research improvements were also conducted using the biogrouting method. The aim of this research is to obtain the effect of marble ash stabilization and biogrouting on the CBR value. The research was carried out through CBR tests on a physical model of soil stabilized with 3-6% marble ash and soil improved using the bacteria bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Tests are differentiated based on the thickness of the stabilized soil, which is 10–30 cm. The research results showed that marble ash-stabilized soil resulted in a better increase in CBR values compared to soil improved using the biogrouting method. CBR values that meet standards for road construction base soils are obtained on soil stabilized with 6% marble ash with a minimum stabilized soil layer thickness of 20 cm.
From stable teamwork to dynamic teaming in the ambulatory care diagnostic process
Authors: Tannenbaum Scott I. , Thomas Eric J. , Bell Sigall K. , Salas Eduardo
Published: October 2024

Dynamic teaming is required whenever people must coordinate with one another in a fluid context, particularly when the fundamental structures of a team, such as membership, priorities, tasks, modes of communication, and location are in near-constant flux. This is certainly the case in the contemporary ambulatory care diagnostic process, where circumstances and conditions require a shifting cast of individuals to coordinate dynamically to ensure patient safety. This article offers an updated perspective on dynamic teaming commonly required during the ambulatory diagnostic process. Drawing upon team science, it clarifies the characteristics of dynamic diagnostic teams, identifies common risk points in the teaming process and the practical implications of these risks, considers the role of providers and patients in averting adverse outcomes, and provides a case example of the challenges of dynamic teaming during the diagnostic process. Based on this, future research needs are offered as well as clinical practice recommendations related to team characteristics and breakdowns, team member knowledge/cognitions, teaming dynamics, and the patient as a team member.
Re-examining the Mysterious Role of the Cerebellum in Pain
Authors: Li Crystal N. , Keay Kevin A. , Henderson Luke A. , Mychasiuk Richelle
Published: October 2024

Pain is considered a multidimensional experience that embodies not
merely sensation, but also emotion and perception. As is appropriate for
this complexity, pain is represented and processed by an extensive matrix of
cortical and subcortical structures. Of these structures, the cerebellum is
gaining increasing attention. Although association between the cerebellum
and both acute and chronic pain have been extensively detailed in
electrophysiological and neuroimaging studies, a deep understanding of what
functions are mediated by these associations is lacking. Nevertheless, the
available evidence implies that lobules IV–VI and Crus I are especially
pertinent to pain processing, and anatomical studies reveal that these
regions connect with higher-order structures of sensorimotor, emotional, and
cognitive function. Therefore, we speculate that the cerebellum exerts a
modulatory role in pain via its communication with sites of sensorimotor,
executive, reward, and limbic function. On this basis, in this review, we
propose numerous ways in which the cerebellum might contribute to both acute
and chronic pain, drawing particular attention to emotional and cognitive
elements of pain. In addition, we emphasise the importance of advancing our
knowledge about the relationship between the cerebellum and pain by
discussing novel therapeutic opportunities that capitalize on this
association.
A lágyékhajlati feltárásból végzett érműtétek sebfertőzéseinek megelőzése negatív nyomású sebkezeléssel
Authors: Szabó Dorottya , Turi Szamanta , Vadász Gergely , Gadácsi Melinda , Fazekas Gábor , Jávor Szaniszló , Kasza Gábor , Jancsó Gábor , Benkő László
Published: October 2024

Bevezetés: A negatív nyomású sebkezelés egyre nagyobb szereppel
bír a krónikus, nehezen gyógyuló sebek, sebfertőzések kezelésében. Az
érsebészeti műtéteket követően kialakuló sebfertőzések predilekciós helye a
femoralis háromszög műtéti bemetszései. A sebfertőzés kialakulásában szerepet
játszó tényezők: diabetes, elhízás, korábbi műtétek ugyanebben a régióban,
azonos oldali alsó végtagi gangraenák, fekélyek. Célkitűzés:
Hipotézisünk, hogy a femoralis hajlat sebfertőzéseit csökkentheti a negatív
nyomású sebkezelés zárt seben való alkalmazása a nagy rizikójú csoportokban,
ezzel együtt csökkenthető a rettegett érsebészeti szövődmény, a szeptikus graft
kialakulása. Módszer: Vizsgálatunkba 38 beteget vontunk be,
akiknél legalább egy kritérium teljesült a következők közül: testtömegindex
>30; korábbi műtét ugyanebben a régióban; azonos oldali végtagon jelen lévő
szövetelhalás, seb. A kontrollcsoportba kerülő betegeknél (n = 19) hagyományos
sebfedést (Cosmopor E) alkalmaztunk. Az incisionalis negatív nyomású
sebkezelésben részesülő csoportban (n = 19) a műtőben a varratokkal egyeztetett
sebet fehér szivaccsal (VivanoMed White Foam) fedtük, fóliával légmentesen
lezártuk, és ide csatlakoztattuk a vákuumgép portját, amelyen keresztül azonnal
megkezdődött a seb szívása (folyamatos üzemmód, 100 Hgmm). A kezelés időtartamát
átlagosan 7 napig terveztük. A betegeket a posztoperatív 10., 30., 60. napon,
ambulanciánkon ellenőriztük. Eredmények: A kontrollcsoportban a
betegek 42,1%-ában (n = 8) sebgyógyulási zavar, 36,8%-ában (n = 7) sebfertőzés
alakult ki. Egy esetben szeptikus graft miatt reoperációt végeztünk. Az
incisionalis negatív nyomású sebkezelésen átesett csoportban 31,6%-ban (n = 6)
jelentkezett sebgyógyulási zavar, 26,3%-ban (n = 5) sebfertőzés, egy esetben
szeptikus graft. Következtetés: Bár a vizsgált csoportok között
nem találtunk szignifikáns különbséget a primer végpont tekintetében,
kimutattuk, hogy az elhízott, valamint a korábban lágyékfeltárásból végzett
műtéten átesett betegek esetén az incisionalis vákuumkezelés előnyös lehet a
hagyományos sebkezeléssel szemben. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(42): 1652–1658.
A marosvásárhelyi serdülők dohányzási szokásai
Authors: Szathmáry Mioara , Ianoși Edith Simona , Gáll Zsuzsanna , Dogar Cătălin Moise , Jimborean Gabriela
Published: October 2024

Bevezetés: A dohányzás továbbra is komoly probléma világszerte,
és jelentős következményekkel jár az egyénre és a közegészségre nézve egyaránt.
A legtöbb aktív dohányos már 18 éves kora előtt kipróbálta a cigarettázást.
Célkitűzés: Közleményünkben bemutatjuk a marosvásárhelyi
gyerekek körében a dohányzás hatásairól és a dohányzási szokásokról készült
felmérés eredményeit, összehasonlítva azokat országos és világméretű
statisztikai adatokkal. A vizsgálat célja a dohányzás gyakoriságának és
motivációjának, valamint a dohányzás káros hatásaival kapcsolatos ismereteknek a
felmérése volt a marosvásárhelyi serdülők körében, hogy célzottabb prevenciós
beavatkozásokat lehessen végezni. Anyag és módszer: 17
kérdésből álló kérdőívet osztottunk ki a marosvásárhelyi iskolákban, melyben
rákérdeztünk a serdülők és hozzátartozóik dohányzási szokásaira.
Eredmények: 105 diák töltötte ki névtelenül a kérdőívet,
közülük 59,05% gimnáziumba, 15,24% elméleti líceumba, 25,71% pedig szakiskolába
jár. A válaszolók 54,29%-a lány, és 34,29% falun lakik. A megkérdezett diákok
43,81%-a dohányzott már a korábbi életkorban. A 9–10. osztályosok fele, illetve
a 11–12. osztályosok 75%-a szívott már cigarettát. A gyerekek 40%-a otthon
passzívan dohányzik, és ezek a gyerekek sokkal gyakrabban lesznek aktív
dohányosok. A legtöbb diák a barátok társaságában gyújtott rá először, 4,34% 10
éves kora előtt és 78,2% 12–15 évesen. 52,14% elektromos cigarettát használ. 45
tanuló nyilatkozta, hogy a dohányzásról semmilyen információ nem jutott el
hozzá. Következtetés: Az eredmények azt mutatják, hogy számos
kampány ellenére a gyerekek többségéhez nem jut el hiteles információ a
dohányzás hatásáról. A fiatalok társas környezetben, kortársaik és szüleik
hatására kezdenek el cigarettázni, ezért a prevenciós stratégiáknak elsősorban a
szociális készségek fejlesztésére kell épülniük. A dohányzás ellenőrzését
biztosító jogszabályok mellett a dohánytermékek elérhetőségének csökkentése –
főleg a kiskorúak számára –, direkt és indirekt reklámozásuk további
szigorítása, valamint megelőzési programok – mint a kiterjedt lakossági
tájékoztatás (országos szintű, munkahelyi/iskolai dohányzásellenes kampányok) –
egyaránt szükségesek. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(42): 1669–1675.
Influenzától a fehérállományig
Authors: Labossa Gusztáv , Rózsai Barnabás , Péter István , Szukits Sándor , Herbert Zsuzsanna , Nagy Arnold
Published: October 2024

Az akut disszeminált encephalomyelitis a központi idegrendszer gyulladásos
betegsége. A szerzők egy 16 éves fiú esetét mutatják be, aki akut neurológiai
tünetekkel érkezett a Pécsi Tudományegyetem Klinikai Központjának
Gyermeksürgősségi Osztályára. Az elvégzett vizsgálatok felvetették az akut
disszeminált encephalomyelitis gyanúját. Az akut disszeminált encephalomyelitis
tudatzavarral és képalkotó vizsgálaton (MRI) látható eltéréssel járó kórkép. A
differenciáldiagnosztikában fontos a széles körű mikrobiológiai mintavétel. Az
eset rámutat arra, hogy a fertőzések kapcsán megjelenő neurológiai tünetek
esetén gondolni kell erre a betegségre is. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(42):
1676–1679.
Yeni Medya Platformlarındaki Etkileşimler: Geçmiş Dönem Milli Eğitim Bakanı Instagram Hesabı
Authors: Öztürk Bülent
Published: October 2024

Instagram, günümüzde en popüler sosyal medya platformlarından biri haline gelmiştir ve milyarlarca kullanıcıyı etkilemektedir. Platform, görsel ve video içerik paylaşımına odaklanmasıyla öne çıkmakta ve kullanıcıların markalarla, influencer'larla ve diğer içerik üreticileriyle etkileşime girmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda, Instagram gönderilerinin kullanıcılar üzerinde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu bilinmektedir. Farklı faktörleri göz önünde bulundurarak ve etkileşim ölçütlerini takip ederek, markalar ve içerik üreticileri, hedef kitleleriyle daha etkili bir şekilde iletişim kurabilir ve gönderilerinin etkisini en üst düzeye çıkarabilirler. Gönderilerin kullanıcılar üzerindeki etkisini ölçerken gönderinin türü, içerik kalitesi, paylaşım zamanı, altyazı ve hashtag kullanımı, hesap etkileşimi ve hedef kitle faktörlerinin göz önünde bulundurulması gerekmektedir. Araştırmanın problemi Instagram kullanan bireyler üzerinde paylaşılan gönderilerin etki düzeyini ortaya koymaktır. Bu çalışma, Milli Eğitim eski bakanı Ziya Selçuk'un resmi Instagram hesabı üzerinden paylaştığı gönderilerin, Instagram kullanan bireyler üzerindeki etki düzeyini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Ziya Selçuk'un Instagram gönderileri, eğitim politikaları üzerinde nasıl bir etki yarattığını incelemek amacıyla kaydedilmiş ve analiz edilmiştir. Veriler Selçuk’un göreve başlama tarihi esas alınarak 28.07.2018 ve 16.11.2020 tarihleri arasında kişisel Instagram hesabından paylaşılan 697 iletiden oluşmuştur. Çalışmaya konu olan paylaşımlar, 3 aylık bir zaman dilimi dikkate alınarak, iletilerin içeriğine göre belirli kategorilere ayrılıp makro içerik analizi tekniği ile incelenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre, Selçuk’un sosyal medya etkileşimlerindeki dalgalanmalar, paylaşım sıklığı, içerik çeşitliliği ve hedef kitlenin davranışları etkileşim oranları üzerinde belirleyici faktörler olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Etkileşim dalgalanmaları, Selçuk'un paylaşımlarının zaman içindeki değişkenliğini ifade ederken, takipçilerin ilgisini sürdürmek veya kaybetmek üzerinde doğrudan bir etkiye sahiptir. Paylaşım sıklığı, daha sık paylaşımların takipçilerle daha fazla etkileşim kurulmasını sağladığını, belirli bir sıklıkta devam ettirmenin ise izleyicilerin dikkatini çektiğini göstermektedir. İçerik çeşitliliği, videolar, infografikler ve anketler gibi farklı türlerdeki içeriklerin daha geniş kitlelere ulaşma potansiyeli taşıdığını ortaya koymaktadır.
Analysis of the flexural behavior of pavers made from recycled plastic; with a combination of high-density polyethylene (HLPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polypropylene (PP)
Authors:   Universidad  Distrital  Francisco Jose de Caldas, Giraldo Toro Alfonso , Nieves Pimiento Nayive ,   Universidad ECCI, Hurtado Cortés Luini Leonardo ,   Universidad  Distrital  Francisco  Jose  de  Caldas
Published: October 2024

Introduction: This paper entails an analysis of flexural behavior of pavers made from recycled plastic; a combination of high-density polyethylene (HLPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polypropylene (PP), carried out in the period 2022 to 2023, with the academic support of the Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Sede Tecnológica; Bogotá - Colombia. Problem: To perform flexural tests and analyze the behavior of pavers made from recycled plastic. Objective: To calculate the Flexural Strength (Re), Maximum Stress, Maximum Breaking Load (Cmax), Modulus of Rupture (Mr), Young’s Modulus, for a sample of 15 paving blocks made from HLPE, LDPE, PP and compare with the NTC 2017 standard. Methodology: 15 flexural tests were performed on the specimens selected for the study, and calculations were made for their respective analysis. Results: For flexural strength, the NTC 2017 standard establishes ranges of 3.8 to 4.2 MPa for individual tests and 4.2 to 5 in grouped tests; for the study carried out, a range of 10.8965 ≤ flexural strength (MPa) ≤ 13.5987 was found. Conclusion: Tests indicate that recycled plastic pavers have a higher modulus of rupture than conventional pavers. Originality: Due to the lack of existing information on the subject of paving stones, it is original to carry out a study of paving stone flexural strength and to evaluate the behavior compared to the standard. Limitations: Did not perform electron microscopy analysis on the material.
QCM Biosensors for pathogen detection in water and food: review of published literature
Authors:   Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Torres Diaz Jorge Orlando , Fonseca Velásquez Aldemar ,   Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas
Published: October 2024

Introduction:This article is the result of the review “QCM Biosensors for the Detection of Pathogens in Water and Food: A Review,’ conducted during the years 2023 and 2024 at the Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas”Problem: The fast evolution of pathogen detection through biosensors requires a continuous synthesis of literatu-re to provide an integral comprehension of the state of the art to new researchers. Objective:Perform bibliography research about QCM Biosensors used for pathogen detection in food and water covering a period from 2018 to 2023.Methodology: The research includes three phases: An explanation of the principles of QCM biosensors, their use in water and food pathogen detection, and their use in industry, with an emphasis on water quality.Result:QCM biosensors are solid, measure mass changes at the micro and nanometric scales, and are widely used in the food industry due to their accuracy and ease of use.Conclusion: The review highlights the effectiveness of QCM biosensors when detecting different food contami-nants and pathogens. It underlines the practical research necessity and importance of updating review papers to orientate future investigations in this specific area.Originality:The originality of this review lies on its detailed approach to QCM biosensor use in food pathogen detection.Limitations:The constant evolution of the field of pathogen detection in addition to the diversity of QCM biosen-sors and the wide range of pathogens studied may make it difficult to generalize certain findings.
Panorama de la investigación en anatomía en una facultad de salud del suroccidente colombiano 1970-2018
Authors:   Universidad del Valle, Hurtado Valencia Hugo
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar un análisis de la producción investigativa de los y las anatomistas del Departamento de Morfología de la Universidad del Valle, en Colombia y la manera como esta producción se ha venido construyendo en el periodo 1970-2018. Teórica y metodológicamente, el análisis toma como base las orientaciones de Latour & Woolgar (1979). Con base en este enfoque de la sociología de la ciencia se realizan entrevistas, visitas guiadas a la sección de anatomía y se recaba información en archivos, bases de datos y biblioteca que permiten identificar periodos, tendencias y procesos en los que esta producción investigativa escrita se soporta. Los resultados evidencian la existencia de tres periodos de la producción anatómica correspondientes con orientaciones estatales. El primero que comprende el periodo 1970-1977, inmerso en las políticas de apropiación y difusión del conocimiento, apoyadas por algunas fundaciones estadounidenses. El segundo, inscrito en las políticas del Estado ICFES-BIB entre 1985-1995 centradas en la producción de nuevo conocimiento y el tercero, entre 2009-2018, que se corresponde con el momento actual. Se concluye que en los últimos 50 años, la producción de conocimientos en anatomía se centra en el diseño de materiales educativos, anatomía aplicada a la cirugía y estudio de las variabilidades anatómicas; todo ello, enmarcado en las orientaciones de los organismos multilaterales, las políticas estatales y el devenir propio de la anatomía en el campo médico.
Modeling of a three-dimensional velocity field in a rotary drum furnace
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Kim Valeriya V. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPMS), Brendakov Vladimir N. ,   Seversk Technological Institute – a branch of the National Research Nuclear University MEPhI
Published: October 2024

This paper deals with the problem of laminar axisymmetric incompressible flow in the working area of a rotary drum furnace. A system of second-order partial differential equations is derived and solved numerically using the finite difference method. The obtained solutions are tested for mesh convergence and compared with available analytical solutions for a laminar axisymmetric flow. The numerical results show that furnace rotation significantly affects the gas flow in the working section of the apparatus. Thus, the temperature distribution over the working area and furnace surface can be controlled through the furnace rotation velocity and gas flow rate. The input velocity profile also affects the flow pattern in the furnace. Vortex zones with counterflow occur near the walls, where the axial velocity profile is more elongated than the Poiseuille parabola. On the symmetry axis, the axial velocity is higher than that of the Poiseuille flow. The proposed mathematical model allows one to calculate more accurately the degree of thermal decomposition as a function of temperature and longitudinal coordinate along the furnace axis.
A study of the gas dynamics of combustion of a mixed solid propellant with pressure fluctuations
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Krainov Aleksey Yu. , Moiseeva Kseniya M. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: October 2024

The non-stationary burning rate of a solid rocket propellant under harmonic variations in pressure over the combustion surface is studied. The physical and mathematical model is based on the equations of heat transfer and oxidizer decomposition in the solid phase, and on the flow model for the reacting products of solid propellant gasification. Calculations are carried out for the unsteady burning rate of mixed solid propellants with harmonic pressure variations over the combustion surface. The dependence of the amplitude of the burning rate fluctuations on the frequency of the pressure variations are obtained. The amplitude of the burning rate varies non-monotonically with frequency. As the frequency increases, the amplitude first increases and then decreases. At a frequency of pressure variation with a semi-period greater than or equal to the characteristic time of relaxation for heat transfer in solid propellants, the instantaneous burning rate at the lowest point of the pressure curve is lower than the equilibrium value and is higher at the highest point. At high frequencies, the burning rate exceeds the corresponding equilibrium value at minimum pressure and is lower than the equilibrium value at maximum pressure.
Solvability of a one-dimensional problem of fluid flow in poroelastic medium with permeable boundaries
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Shlyakhin Dmitriy A. , Yurin Vladimir A. ,   Samara State Technical University, Ratmanova Olesya V. ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: October 2024

Inhomogeneous non-stationary heating of constructions of various purposes induces thermal strains and stresses that should be considered in the comprehensive analysis of elastic systems. The mathematical formulation of the considered linear threedimensional thermoelasticity problems includes coupled non-self-adjoint differential equations of motion and thermal conductivity. Due to their integration difficulty, axisymmetric problems are usually analyzed instead. The purpose of this work is to develop a solution algorithm for the coupled nonaxisymmetric non-stationary problem of the thermoelasticity of a long cylinder. On the internal surface of the hollow anisotropic cylinder, the temperature variation function is known; on the external surface, the convective heat transfer and environmental temperature are given. The rate of the temperature load does not affect the inertial characteristics of the cylinder. Therefore, the equilibrium and heat equations can be added to the initial system of linear equations. The finite Fourier sine and cosine transforms and general biorthogonal transforms are used to study a non-self-adjoint system of differential equations and to develop a closed solution. The obtained solution allows one to determine the temperature field and the stress-strain state of a cylinder with its internal surface affected by non-stationary nonaxisymmetric loading in terms of the temperature variation function.
On the determination of specific elastic energy flow to the vertex of a physical cut via a finite element solution
Authors:   Tula State University, Glagolev Vadim V. , Lutkhov Andrey I. ,   Tula State University
Published: October 2024

The finite element approximation of a double cantilever beam (DCB) specimen with a physical cut in a linear elastic medium is considered. The thickness of the physical cut specifies a linear parameter of the problem. The J-integral is determined as the product of the linear parameter and the average value of the specific elastic energy on the dead-end edge of the finite element. For the considered loading schemes of the DCB specimen in modes I and II with zero linear parameter set in ANSYS, the stress intensity factors are obtained and used to determine the J-integrals. The convergence of the product of the linear parameter and the average value of the specific elastic energy on the dead-end edge of the finite element to the reference values of the J-integrals is shown for equivalent loading of the specimen with a physical cut and with a linear parameter tending to zero. The specific work of nodal forces is studied during the dead-end finite element removing. The convergence of the specific work of nodal forces when removing the dead-end element by simple unloading of adjacent edges to the value of the reference J-integral is observed.
A study of the physical and mechanical properties of hot-pressed composite ceramics of the Hf–Ti–Cr–Fe–V–N system
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Evseev Nikolay S. ,   Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zhukov Il’ya A. ,   Tomsk State University; Institute for Problems of Chemical and Energetic Technologies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mubarakov Raul’ ,   Tomsk State University, Bel’chikov Ivan A. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: October 2024

The concept of synthesizing multicomponent (five or more components) systems in equiatomic or near-equiatomic percentages has opened a new class of materials, including high-entropy alloys (HEAs) and high-entropy ceramics (HEC). The composition of each element varies from 5 to 35 at.%. It is generally accepted that the exceptional performance of high-entropy materials is achieved through four “basic effects”: the highentropy effect, the lattice distortion effect, the slow diffusion effect, and the “cocktail” effect. The properties of multicomponent systems are determined not only by the constituent elements, but also by the formation of phases. Thus, depending on the composition and methods of preparation and processing of the alloy, the ordered and disordered phases of the solid solution are formed in the HEAs. Both the atoms of individual elements and the resulting phases contribute to the properties of HEAs. They possess valuable properties such as high corrosion resistance, wear resistance, hardness, and other particular mechanical properties. This class of materials is under active scientific study, and the methods for their production, such as vacuum arc melting, selective laser melting, magnetron sputtering, are being developed. One of the promising and highly efficient methods for producing HEAs and HECs is self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). The main advantages of this method are high productivity, low energy consumption, environmental safety, regulation of the structure and properties of the final products, and synthesis mode control due to the possibility of selecting various combustion temperature and pressure values. This study examines the effect of the temperature regime of the hot-pressing process on the structure and properties of ceramic samples of the Hf-Ti-Cr-Fe-V-N system. HEC materials are obtained as a result of high-temperature exothermic reactions with preliminary mechanical activation of the powder mixture in a planetary mill. The preparation of compact ceramic samples is carried out using the hot-pressing method in the temperature range of 1300–1450 °C. The X-ray diffraction analysis of the resulting samples allows one to determine the dependence of the structure, density, and hardness on the pressing temperature. The maximum hardness (1858±50 HV) is obtained at a pressing temperature of 1450 °C.
Multi-Scale Graph Transformer for Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Wei Lunpan , Peng Xiuyan , Cao Yunpeng
Published: October 2024

Traditional graph neural networks often encounter limitations in fault diagnosis due to insufficient feature extraction at a single scale, particularly in complex operational scenarios. To overcome these challenges, we introduce an innovative multi-scale graph Transformer framework for rolling bearing fault diagnosis. This framework incorporates a distinctive multi-scale feature aggregation mechanism, along with centrality and spatial encoding for graph nodes, to enhance structural insights. Leveraging multi-head self-attention, our approach efficiently extracts and learns fault features, thereby significantly improving fault identification. Extensive experiments on the designed bearing dataset, as well as a customized rolling bearing apparatus, validate the efficacy of our method. Our model achieves a peak diagnostic precision of 99.5% and maintains an average accuracy exceeding 97.9%, underscoring its robustness and adaptability across diverse operational scenarios.
L’evolution du concept de propriete chez les peuples de Côte d’Ivoire au XXe siecle
Authors: Damanan Josee
Published: October 2024

In pre-colonial Africa, societies were governed by traditional systems that had adopted a very different concept of property from that prevailing in European countries governed by Roman law. In Africa, property is a value as much as a good, a link that connects man and divinity, a right that is part of a multitude of lineage and community rights: everyone can therefore obtain uses for the value, but no one can, strictly speaking, claim to own it, dispose of it, sell it or destroy it. When the French coloniser made Côte d'Ivoire a colony (1882), he investigated traditional rights according to his own legal categories and regimes, in order to modify the African concept of property. This article, based on the French colonial surveys of 1901-1902 and recent personal surveys (2022-2023), seeks to understand how the French coloniser sought to introduce the French concept of property and to measure the extent to which the Baule peoples, especially the Baule of Koliakro, have resisted the modern concept of property to this day.
The effectiveness of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of patients with post-COVID-19 erectile dysfunction
Authors: Al-Zamil Mustafa Kh. , Zalozhnev Denis M. , Vasilieva Ekaterina S. , Markosyan Tigran G. , Kozyrkova Nadezhda V. , Maksimova Ekaterina A. , Surkova Marina A. , Korchazhkina Natalya B.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: Non-drug therapy has proven to be the most effective and convenient method in the treatment of patients with post-Covid erectile dysfunction. One of these treatments is low-level laser therapy. The advantage of this method is the high therapeutic effect of a low-intensity laser on the function of the pudendal nerve and on the endothelium of the vessels of the cavernous body.
AIM: To study the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy in the treatment of patients with post-Covid erectile dysfunction.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Under our supervision from 2021 to 2023. At the medical center Medical Dental Institute there were 40 patients diagnosed with post-Covid erectile dysfunction. The control group (n=20) of patients underwent a 2-month course of standard drug therapy, and the main group, in addition to drug therapy, underwent a course of low-intensity laser therapy. Erectile function was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and quality of life was assessed using the Life Satisfaction Index (LSIA).
RESULTS: After treatment erectile function improved in the control group by 11.7% (p 0.05) and in the main group by 33.1% (p 0.05). The quality of life satisfaction in the control group increased by 28.7% (p 0.05) in the control group and by 87% (p 0.05) in the main group.
CONCLUSION: The use of a contact red laser with a wavelength of 635 nm was 1.8 times more effective than standard drug therapy in restoring erectile function. In addition, the improvement in life satisfaction during low-intensity laser therapy exceeded these indicators in the control group by 2 times.
High-intensity pulse magnetic therapy and drinking mineral water in rehabilitation treatment of patients with chronic pancreatitis at inpatient stage
Authors: Kaisinova Agnessa S. , Achabaeva Aishat B. , Fedorov Andrey A. , Makhinko Anna N. , Kubatieva Elvira M. , Firova Adana A. , Midov Arsen Z.
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND: Sanogenetic effects of physical factors, providing restoration of disturbed functions of the organism, are the basis for their inclusion in the standardised programme of restorative treatment of patients with chronic pancreatitis.
AIM: To study the effectiveness of high-intensity pulse magnetic therapy and low-mineralized drinking mineral waters in the restorative treatment of patients with chronic pancreatitis at the inpatient stage.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: There has been carried out an open-label, randomized, controlled, prospective study of 125 patients with chronic pancreatitis. The patients were divided into 3 groups using the simple randomization method. In the control group (n=40) the patients underwent restorative treatment in accordance with federal clinical guidelines; in the group of comparison (n=42) he patients were additionally prescribed low-mineralized drinking mineral water; in the main group (n=43) the patients had high-intensity pulse magnetic therapy in addition to the treatment of the group of comparison. The effectiveness of rehabilitation measures was monitored using a visual analogue scale, a carbolene test, a hospital scale of anxiety and depression.
RESULTS: The statistical analysis showed that the inclusion of drinking mineral water and high-intensity pulse magnetic therapy contributed to a significant reduction of pain (p 0.01) and dyspeptic syndromes (p 0.01), an improvement in motor evacuation function of intestine (p 0.01), a decrease in enzymatic activity and the severity of anxiety-depressive manifestations (p 0.01). The effectiveness of the developed programmes of restorative treatment of the patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis was 87.8–92.5%, the standardized programme ― 78.5%.
CONCLUSION: The inclusion of drinking mineral waters and high-intensity pulse magnetic therapy in the standardized program of restorative treatment of the patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis at the inpatient stage provides a significant restoration of pancreatic external secretory function.