bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fatigue Failure of an Aluminum Turbine Impeller
Authors: Tipton Anthony A.
Published: May 2019

An AMS 4126 (7075-T6) aluminum alloy impeller from a radial inflow turbine fractured during commissioning. Initial examination showed that two adjacent vanes had fractured through airfoils in the vicinity of the vane leading edges, and one vane fractured through an airfoil near the hub in the vicinity of the vane trailing edge. Some remaining vanes exhibited radial and transverse cracks in similar locations. Binocular and scanning electron microscope examinations showed that the cracks had been caused by high-cycle fatigue and had progressed from multiple origins on the vane surface. Structural analysis indicated that the fatigue loading probably had been caused by forced excitation, resulting in the impeller vibrating at its resonant frequency. It was recommended that the impeller design, control systems, and material of construction be changed.
Fracture of a Trunnion Bolt Used To Couple Railway Cars
Authors: D'Antonio Carmine
Published: May 2019

A trunnion bolt that was part of a coupling in a metropolitan railway system failed in service, causing cars to separate. The bolt had been in service for more than ten years prior to failure. Visual examination showed that the failure resulted from complete fracture at the grease port and surface groove located at midspan. Drillings machined from the bolt underwent chemical analysis, which confirmed that the material was AISI 1045 carbon steel, in accordance with specifications. Two sections cut from the bolt were subjected to metallographic examination and hardness testing. The fracture origin was typical of fatigue. The ultimate tensile strength of the bolt was in excess of requirements. Wear patterns indicated that the bolt had been frozen in position for a protracted period and subjected to repeated bending stresses, which resulted in fatigue cracking and final complete fracture. It was recommended that proper lubrication procedures be maintained to allow free rotation of the bolts while in service.
Hydrogen Damage in a Waterwall Boiler Tube Section
Authors: Weiss Wendy L.
Published: May 2019

The rear wall tube section of a boiler that had been in service for approximately 38 years was removed and examined. Visual examination of the tube revealed a small bulge with a through-wall crack. Metallography showed that the microstructure of the bulged area consisted of a few partially decarburized pearlite colonies in a ferrite matrix. The microstructure remote from the bulged area consisted of pearlite in a ferrite matrix. EDS analysis of internal deposits on the tube detected a major amount of iron, plus trace amounts of other elements. The evidence indicated that the bulge and crack in the tube resulted from hydrogen damage. Examination of the remaining water circuit boiler tubing using nondestructive techniques and elimination of any heavy deposit buildup was recommended.
Wykładnia norm planowych w prawie ochrony środowiska (zagadnienia wstępne)
Authors: Goździewicz-Biechońska Justyna
Published: May 2019

Artykuł podejmuje, w kontekście wykładni prawa, problematykę planowania w ochronie środowiska – zjawiska które przeżywa obecnie swoisty renesans. Celem rozważań jest odpowiedź na pytanie, jakie są odrębności wykładni prawa ochrony środowiska w odniesieniu do norm planowych oraz czy i na ile swoistość aktów planowania jako źródeł prawa determinuje też ich wykładnię. Artykuł ma charakter wstępny i ukierunkowany jest na identyfikację problemów badawczych oraz wyznaczenie kierunków dalszych poszukiwań. Wychodząc od przedstawienia aktów planistycznych w prawie ochrony środowiska jako źródła rekonstrukcji normy prawnej, wskazano, iż trudności wykładni aktów planistycznych jako źródeł prawotwórczych stanowią refleks ich szczególnego charakteru prawnego. Analizując następnie charakter norm planowych w prawie ochrony środowiska, zauważa się, iż (podobnie jak inne normy planowe) wykazują one duże zróżnicowanie, będące pochodną różnorodności charakteru prawnego aktów planistycznych. Autorka podkreśla też swoistość wykładni norm planowych, prezentując przykłady odrębności, które również związane są ze swoistymi cechami norm planowych, w tym ich przynależnością do prawa ochrony środowiska. Na koniec zauważa wpływ planowania w prawie ochrony środowiska na tendencje ewolucyjne modelu prawa w Polsce w świetle teorii P. Noneta i P. Selznicka.
PENINGKATAN RANAH KOGNITIF DAN AFEKTIF PESERTA DIDIK KELAS VI SDN 1 PENGENJEK PADA MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MELALUI PENDEKATAN CTL DENGAN MODEL PICTURE AND STUDEN ACTIVE
Authors: Sapii Sapii
Published: May 2019

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari gambaran yang sekaligus menjawab permasalahan penelitian dengan paparan deskripsi tentang penerapan Pendekatan CTL Dengan Model PASA (Picture and studen Active) dapat meningkatkan Ranah Kofnitif  Dan Afektif Peserta Didik Kelas VI SDN 1 Pengenjek Pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitin tindaka kelas (PTK) dengan subjek siswa kelas VI sebanyak 25 orang siswa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Pendekatan CTL mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Matematika. Pada tahap prasiklus yaitu dari 25 siswa diperoleh data bahwa terdapat 17 atau 68% anak yang memperoleh nilai kurang dari KKM 75  dan 8 atau 32% anak yang nilainya lebih dari KKM dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 67.6 Selanjutnya siklus I dari 25 siswa diperoleh data bahwa terdapat 12 atau 48% anak yang memperoleh nilai kurang dari KKM 75  dan 13 atau 52% anak yang nilainya lebih dari KKM 75 dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 76.8, dan pada siklus II 25 siswa diperoleh data bahwa terdapat 5 siswa atau 20%  yang memperoleh nilai kurang dari KKM 75 dan 20 atau 80% anak yang nilainya lebih dari KKM 75 dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 83.2.. Abstract: This study aims to find a picture that simultaneously answers research problems with a description of the description of the application of the CTL Approach With Pasa Model (Picture and studen Active) can improve the Positive and Affective Domain of Class VI Students in SDN 1 Applicants in Mathematics. This study used a classroom action research (CAR) approach with 25 grade students as many as 25 students. Based on the results of the research CTL approach is able to improve student learning outcomes on Mathematics subjects. In the pre-cycle stage, 25 students obtained data that there were 17 or 68% of children who obtained less scores from KKM 75 and 8 or 32% of children whose grades were more than KKM with an average value of 67.6 Then cycle I of 25 students obtained data that there are 12 or 48% of children who get less grades from KKM 75 and 13 or 52% of children whose grades are more than KKM 75 with an average value of 76.8, and in cycle II 25 students get data that there are 5 students or 20% who get less value than KKM 75 and 20 or 80% of children whose grades are more than 75 KKM with an average value of 83.2.
PEMBELAJARAN INOVATIF, KREATIF DAN PRODUKTIF SERTA IMPLEMENTASINYA DALAM MEMBANGUN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR TINGKAT TINGGI PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Junaidin Junaidin
Published: May 2019

Abstrak:Social Studies Educationsangat penting dalam segala aspek kehidupan, karena itu perlu dipelajari agar semua insan Indonesia. Pendidikan  Social Studies Educationyang bertanggungjawab atas pengembangan keterampilan berpikir peserta didik perlu ditingkatkan kualitasnya, melalui pengembangan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik.  Problem-based learning  (PBL) merupakan pembelajaran yang inovatif, kreatifdan produktif, karena dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa untuk memecahkan masalah dalam kehidupan yang makin kompleks di abad ke-21 ini. Tahap-tahap  dalam PBL membimbing siswa untuk melakukan  self-directed learning,sehingga dapat membentuk kemandirian. Dalam pemecahan masalah melalui PBL juga dituntut pengembangan kemampuan lintas bidang studidan kolaborasi dalam membangun pengetahuan. Di samping itu siswa juga dilatih untuk memilah dan memilih informasi yang sesuai, melakukan prediksi dan evaluasi terhadap jawaban permasalahan, yang membentuk kreativitasnya. Dengan PBL waktu belajar juga dapat digunakan secara lebih efektif, yang melalui penggunaan ICT sebagai sumber informasi, maupun ajang komunikasi lintas batas dan lintas waktu. PBL yang  mengakomodasi penggunaan ICT dapat menjawab masalah kekurangan waktu belajar, keterbatasan luasdan jumlah kelas di sekolah, maupun kurangnya jumlah guru khususnya di daerah terpencil. Implementasi pembelajaran yang berbasis ICT dapat memberikan kontribusi positif dalam inovasi pembelajaran.Abstract: Social Studies Educations are very important in all aspects of life, because it needs to be learned for all Indonesians. Education Social Studies Education responsible for the development of students' thinking skills needs to be improved in quality, through the development of high-level thinking of learners. Problem-based learning (PBL) is an innovative, creative and productive learning, because it can improve students' ability to solve problems in an increasingly complex life in the 21st century. Stages in PBL guide students to self-directed learning, so as to establish independence. In solving problems through PBL is also required the development of cross-disciplinary skills and collaboration in building knowledge. In addition, students are also trained to sort and select appropriate information, to make predictions and evaluate the answers to problems, which shape their creativity. With PBL the learning time can also be used more effectively, through the use of ICT as a source of information, as well as cross-border and cross-time communication arena. PBLs that accommodate the use of ICT can address the problem of shortage of study time, wide limitations and number of classes in schools, as well as the lack of teachers in remote areas. Implementation of ICT-based learning can provide a positive contribution in learning innovation.
PEMETAAN POTENSI SUMBERDAYA WILAYAH PESISIR SELATAN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR DENGAN APLIKASI SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS
Authors: Sukuryadi Sukuryadi , Ali Ibrahim
Published: May 2019

Kekayaan perairan laut Indonesia merupakan potensi  yang sangat besar dalam meningkatkan pembangunan dan perekonomian masyarakat Indonesia. Wilayah pesisir selatan Lombok Timur merupakan asset daerah yang dapat meningkatkan pendapatan daerah jika dikelola dengan baik sesuai dengan potensi masing-masing wilayah berdasarkan parameter-parameter lingkungannya. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memetakan potensi sumberdaya wilayah pesisir selatan Lombok Timur sebagai daerah budidaya rumput laut dan budidaya air payau. Pengambilan data lapangan dilakukan di sekitar perairan selatan kabupaten Lombok Timur yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis sampel dan pengolahan data spasial dengan aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis yang terbagi dalam beberapa kelas kesesuaian. Pengolahan data spasial dilakukan dengan bantuan software Surfer 8.0dan  Arc-View 3.3.Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa kesesuaian wilayah pesisir selatan Lombok Timur untuk kegiatan budidaya air payau memiliki tingkat yang berbeda-beda sesuai dengan karakteristik parameter lingkungannya. Tingkat kesesuaian lahan untuk lahan untuk budidaya air payau terdiri dari 4 kategori yaitu Sangat Sesuai (S1), Sesuai (S2), Cukup Sesuai (S3) dan Tidak Sesuai (N). Hasil penelitian dapat dijadikan sebagai data base perencanaan tataruang wilayah pesisir dan laut di sekitar pesisir  selatan Lombok Timur.
ESTETIKA RAGAM HIAS BATIK SaSaMboDI SENTRAL KERAJINAN SMK 5 PAGESANGAN MATARAM
Authors: Lamusiah Siti
Published: May 2019

Batik  SaSaMbo tidak hanya menjadi ciri khas dari Bima, tetapi juga merupakan ciri khas Lombok, Sumbawa. Batik SaSaMbo  yang ada di Bima memiliki motif yang berbeda dari motif batik yang dimiliki oleh Lombok dan Sumbawa terutama ragam hiasnya yang lebih banyak variasinya. Motif batik di Bima lebih cenderung menggunakan motif-motif yang berkaitan erat dengan budaya setempat. Motif batik pada zaman dahulu di Bima hanya menggunakan motif bawang, kupu-kupu, kepiting, dancabe, tetap seiring dengan perkembangan zaman corak dan ragam hiasnyamakin beragam, seperti motif umalengge (rumah adat), motif renda (nama kampung), kabateto’i(sarambi kecil), madasahe, (matakerbau), kakando (tunas bambu), dan lain-lain, tetapi yang paling terkenal adalah motif umalengge (rumahadat) Bima. Ragam hias kangkung, daun priya atau buahnya,ragam hias putri mandalika, ragam hias rumah adat Sumbawa atau jajan khas manjareal, taman sangkareang, gendang beleq dan lain-lain. Berdasarkan latar belakang di atas, adapun rumusan masalahnya adalah ”Bagaimanakah estetika ragam hias batik  SaSaMbo  di sentral kerajinan SMK 5 Mataram?”. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan konstribusi terhadap pengembangan model batik  SaSaMbo  dengan berbagai macam ragam hias yang sesuai denganciri khas daerah NTB,  dapat memberikan konstribusi terhadap pengetahuan tentangkeindahan ragam hias batik SaSaMbo yang bermanfaat bagi masyarakat NTB, serta dapat memberikan masukan terhadap pengrajin yang ada di SMK 5 Mataram mengenai keterampilan atau kerajinan batik  SaSaMbo  yang menjadi ciri khas masyarakat NTB (Sasak, Sumbawa,  Mbojo). Pendekatan penelitian yang di gunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Jenis penelitian dengan menggunakan penelitian etnografi. Instrument penelitian dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan studi dokumen.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA ILMIAH DAN PENGUASAAN KONSEP SAINS SISWA KELAS VIII C SMP NEGERI 3 SINGARAJA TAHUN AJARAN 2010/2011
Authors: Darmayanti N. W. S. , Suastra I. W. , Sujanem R.
Published: May 2019

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya pencapaian hasil belajar siswa yang mencakup nilai penguasaankonsep sains dan kinerja ilmiah siswa kelas VIII C SMP Negeri 3 Singaraja tahun ajaran 2010/2011. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk, 1) meningkatkan kinerja ilmiah siswa, 2) meningkatkan penguasaan konsep siswa, dan 3)mendeskripsikan tanggapan siswa terhadap penerapan model PBL dalam pembelajaran sains. Penelitian initergolong penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research). Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII C SMPNegeri 3 Singaraja tahun ajaran 2010/2011. Data dikumpulkan melalui LKS, kuis, tugas, dan tes penguasaan konsepuntuk penguasaaan konsep siswa. Data kinerja ilmiah siswa dikumpulkan dengan lembar observasi kinerja ilmiahdan data tanggapan siswa dikumpulkan dengan angket tanggapan siswa. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitiandianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, 1) Terjadi peningkatan kinerja ilmiah siswa.Pada siklus I, nilai rata-rata kinerja ilmiah siswa sebesar 67,9. Pada siklus II, nilai rata-rata kinerja ilmiah siswasebesar 79,9. 2) Terjadi peningkatan penguasaan konsep siswa. Pada siklus I, diperoleh nilai rata-rata penguasaankonsep sebesar 72,6. Pada siklus II, diperoleh nilai rata-rata penguasaan konsep sebesar 75,5. 3) Tanggapan siswaterhadap penerapan model PBL positif dengan skor rata-rata 56,9. Hasil analisis data tersebut menunjukkan bahwapenerapan model PBL dapat meningkatkan kinerja ilmiah dan penguasaan konsep sains siswa kelas VIII C SMPNegeri 3 Singaraja tahun ajaran 2010/2011.
Conhecendo mais sobre a ludicidade, formação de professores e ensino de matemática no curso de pedagogia da UFSCAR
Authors: Silva Américo Junior Nunes da , Passos Cármen Brancaglion
Published: May 2019

Este artigo, recorte de tese de doutoramento, objetivou caracterizar as propostas presentes nos documentos de constituição do curso de Pedagogia da UFSCar, quanto à ludicidade e ao professor que ensinará matemática, nos anos iniciais, para entender o lugar que essas questões ocupam no curso. Para isso, respaldamo-nos nos pressupostos de uma pesquisa narrativa, elegendo-a como a melhor forma de compreender a experiência e abraçando as narrativas, simultaneamente, como método e como fenômeno a ser estudado. Essas narrativas foram analisadas, portanto, tendo em vista o seguinte movimento narrativo: olhar ao que propõe o curso de Pedagogia da UFSCar em busca de indícios de como se dá essa formação e como foi significada pelas estudantes. Foi a partir do olhar para o Projeto Pedagógico que percebemos que há uma supervalorização de um perfil específico de formação. Pelo histórico do curso e sua ligação, desde a criação, com as questões de orientação e administração escolar, e pelo que nos apresentaram as estudantes, notamos que se priorizou um determinado aspecto da formação em detrimento de outros. Uma maior preocupação com a formação do professor que ensinará matemática nos anos iniciais e a sua formação lúdica, por exemplo, foram silenciadas no documento.
Mathematics educator teacher stories
Authors: Kastberg Signe E. , Suazo-Flores Elizabeth , Richardson Sue Ellen
Published: May 2019

Teacher stories/autobiographies have been used by mathematics teacher educators (MTEs) to gain insight into prospective teachers’ (PTs) experience with mathematics, yet stories of MTEs’ motivation for and learning by engaging PTs in creating teacher stories is less understood. We fill this gap by narrating our experiences gaining insight into motivations for engaging PTs in creating teacher stories. Artifacts from our teaching practice, discussions of the work of Dewey and Rogers, and reflections were used to create themes that informed the plot line of each narrative. Findings focus on ways that teacher stories sustain PTs and MTEs by creating a living counter-narrative to the narrative of teacher evaluation MTEs and PTs live in the United States. We argue that MTEs’ motivations for collecting PTs’ teacher stories are informed by MTEs’ life experiences and the development of MTEs’ views of teaching and learning to teach.
Possibilidades de autoformação docente em uma jornada narrativa
Authors: Briao Gabriela Felix
Published: May 2019

Este texto busca tecer considerações sobre uma jornada narrativa, de uma professora de matemática e formadora de professores, recentemente trilhada pela autora, em sua pesquisa de doutoramento. A partir de cinco percursos formativos, cada um com o objetivo de trazer preocupações e questionamentos típicos da docência e de como esta se caracteriza, seja na formação de professores, seja na educação básica, a jornada narrativa trouxe possibilidades de autoformação (transformação). Algumas destas possibilidades serão descritas neste trabalho, a título de resultado. Diversos artefatos foram utilizados, tais como aulas audiogravadas, e-mails, áudio do exame de qualificação, assim como as interferências de companheiros de jornada, para a produção de dados. Esta foi uma pesquisa com viés interpretativo realizada a partir de percursos metodológicos, que se abriram diante da sistematização da investigação. Optou-se por uma apresentação insubordinada criativa, como uma postura epistemopolítica diante do que é pesquisar junto ao professor de matemática e, a partir dele mesmo, como foi o caso. Pesquisas deste tipo trazem toda a complexidade de dentro da escola para o meio acadêmico: afinal, tenta responder, ainda que parcialmente, como nos tornamos os professores que somos hoje?
Jenis-jenis Bambu (Bambusoideae) di Pulau Bengkalis, Provinsi Riau, Indonesia.
Authors: Rijaya Indra , . Fitmawati
Published: May 2019

Indra Rijaya & Fitmawati. 2019. Jenis-jenis Bambu (Bambusoideae) di Pulau Bengkalis, Provinsi Riau, Indonesia. Floribunda 6(2): 41–52. —  Pulau Bengkalis merupakan salah satu pulau di sisi timur Sumatra yang didominasi lahan gambut dengan tumbuhan bambu yang dipercaya memiliki peran ekologis, hidrologis dan ekonomis. Informasi mengenai jenis-jenis bambu yang ada di Pulau Bengkalis sangatlah sedikit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan inventarisasi dan identifikasi jenis-jenis bambu berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survey eksploratif. Berdasarkan penelitian ini diperoleh empat marga asli bambu yakni Bambusa, Dendrocalamus, Gigantochloa, Schizostacyum dan satu marga introduksi (Thyrsostachys) Sembilan jenis yaitu (B. glaucophylla, B. heterostachya, B. multiplex, B. vulgaris, D. asper, G. hasskarliana, S. brachycladum, S. latifolium dan T. siamensis, dan satu varietas yaitu B. vulgaris var. striata dikemukakan.
Doppler Stretch and Delay Statistical Performance Comparison for Wideband and Narrowband Signal Model
Authors: Gogolev I. V.
Published: May 2019

Narrowband approximation of Doppler effect by a frequency shift is inappropriate for some problems of radiolocation, hydro acoustics or passive location. In this case it is necessary to use Doppler stretch (time-scaling) as a signal parameter. Statistical performance of joint Doppler stretch and delay for arbitrary spectral width signal without narrowband approximations is derived in this paper.

Narrowband and wideband parameters relations are investigated for triangle impulse with linear spectral modulation. Besides, Fisher Information Matrices (FIM) differences are analyzed. In the narrowband limit consideration of results in well-known FIM of Doppler shift and delay estimation are proposed. Another feature of wideband FIM is reference time dependence on time delay variance. Transition from Doppler stretch to Doppler frequency shift considering narrowband limitations results in translation invariant FIM.

The article shows that reference time variance of delay estimation is related to estimated parameter modification and velocity influence on delay. Also, estimation variances in narrowband signal model differ from wideband parameter variances by magnitude of spectrum width to central frequency ratio.
Spin Filter Based on EuO Monoxide
Authors: Golovnev Yu. F. , Nurguleev D. A.
Published: May 2019

The basis of spin filter operation is the possibility to obtain different population of states with spins up and down for free electrons. However, in a magnetic macroscopic field, scattering by heavy atoms reduces their population density by 106 times. To obtain the maximum possible degree of spin polarization it is proposed to use ferromagnetic EuO in semiconductor superlattices, e. g. EuO–SrO. The article substantiates the creation of a spin filter based on a superlattice composed of SrO and EuO nanolayers. The scheme of ferromagnetic semiconductor EuO energy levels is demonstrated as well as splitting of 5d EuO levels by crystal field. The position of 4f 7-multiplet and the energy of formation of triplet exciton are determined.
Meso-institutions: Proliferating essences or evolving economic research programme?
Authors: Shastitko Andrey E.
Published: May 2019

The article discusses the foundations, opportunities and limitations of adjusting the conceptual framework of institutional analysis by replacing the pair “institutional environment — institutional agreements” with the triad “macro-, meso- and micro-institutions”. This study focuses on meso-institutions. It is expected that this concept is possible to fill the gap between the general institutional framework of economic exchange agents’ interaction and their decisions, which are reflected in contracts. Some examples from the competition policy and institutional design are offered, particularly the regulatory impact assessment methodology, to illustrate the role and place of meso-institutions in the structuring of public relations.
Hipertensión arterial en la infancia. Recomendaciones para su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Parte 1. Rama de Nefrología Infantil, Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría
Authors: Salas Paulina , Gonzalez Claudia , Carrillo Daniela , Bolte Lilian , Aglony Marlene , Peredo Soledad , Ibarra Ximena , Rojo Angelica , Delucchi Angela , Pinto Viola , Saieh Carlos , Ceballos Maria L.
Published: May 2019

La hipertensión arterial (HTA) en niños y adolescentes es una patología importante, asociada a factores modificables y no modificables. En la edad pediátrica, la prevalencia de la HTA es de alrededor de un 3,5%, y va aumentando progresivamente con la edad. El método ideal para su diagnóstico es la medición de la presión arterial (PA) con instrumentos auscultatorios. Según lo publicado por la Academia Americana de Pediatría (AAP) la PA debe ser medida en niños mayores de 3 años una vez al año, y en niños menores de 3 años, si presenta factores de riesgo. Una vez confirmada la HTA, la evaluación debe dirigirse hacia la detección de una enfermedad causal y a la búsqueda de factores de riesgo asociados a una HTA primaria. El objetivo del tratamiento de la HTA primaria y secundaria en pediatría es lograr un nivel de PA que disminuya el riesgo de daño de órgano blanco. Las opciones terapéuticas incluyen: tratamiento según etiología específica, no farmacológico y farmacológico. Este documento es producto de un esfuerzo colaborativo de la Rama de Nefrología de la Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría con el objetivo de ayudar a los pediatras y nefrólogos infantiles en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la HTA en la infancia. En esta primera parte, se presentan las recomendaciones del diagnóstico y estudio.
Síndrome de Rett: análisis molecular del gen MECP2 en pacientes chilenas
Authors: Aron W. Carolina , Rauch L. Geraldinne , Benavides G. Felipe , Repetto L. M. Gabriela
Published: May 2019

Introducción: El síndrome de Rett (RTT) es un trastorno neurológico progresivo caracterizado por producir una regresión del desarrollo psicomotor en niñas previamente sanas. La mayoría de los casos son causados por variantes patogénicas en el gen MECP2, que codifica para la proteína methyl CpGbinding protein 2.Objetivo: Describir la frecuencia y el tipo de variantes patogénicas en MECP2 en mujeres chilenas con diagnóstico clínico de RTT.Pacientes y Método: Se invitó a participar en este estudio a mujeres chilenas con sospecha clínica de RTT. Se reunió información clínica mediante un cuestionario. Se analizaron variantes patogénicas en MECP2 mediante el método de secuenciación de Sanger y se utilizó Multiple Ligation-dependant Probe Amplification (MLPA) para la detección de duplicaciones y deleciones.Resultado: El estudio incluyó 14 pacientes con sospecha de RTT, de las cuales 8 (57%) pacientes tuvieron variantes patogénicas. Las restantes permanecen sin diagnóstico molecular.Conclusión: Variantes patogénicas en MECP2 están presentes en pacientes chilenas con RTT. Es probable que haya otros genes o diagnósticos involucrados en las pacientes sin hallazgos en MECP2. A partir de este trabajo, el diagnóstico molecular está disponible en Chile.
Síndrome de Klippel-Feil autosómico dominante: una malformación de segmentación vertebral
Authors: Guapi Víctor Hugo , Martínez Carvajal Iván Alejandro
Published: May 2019

El síndrome de Klippel-Feil constituye un desorden esquelético complejo altamente heterogéneo caracterizado por la fusión congénita de dos o más vértebras cervicales. La triada clínica clásica consiste en cuello corto, implantación baja del cabello y limitación para los movimientos del cuello. Las mutaciones asociadas se localizan en los loci del gen GDF3 (cromosoma 12p13.31), GDF6 (cromosoma 8q22.1) y MEOX1 (cromosoma 17q21.31).Objetivo: Describir los hallazgos clínicoradiológicos y genealogía de una paciente con síndrome de Klippel-Feil.Caso clínico: Paciente de 5 años de edad con cuello corto, cabello de implantación baja posterior, limitación para los movimientos de lateralización. La radiografía cervical en flexión y extensión evidenció bloques de fusión entre C1-2-3, C4-5 y C6-7. En la tomografía axial computarizada de tórax se apreció múltiples hemivértebras del tercio superior de las vértebras torácicas correspondientes a las costillas I-IV. El cariotipo fue normal, 46, XX. La penetrancia reducida estuvo presente en cinco de los miembros de la familia. La fusión de C2-3 predominó en cuatro y en un individuo la fusión baja en C5-6. Tres de los cinco individuos afectados tenían fusión entre el hueso grande y ganchoso.Conclusión: La malformación de segmentación vertebral congénita constituye un caso de interés por tratarse de un diagnóstico infrecuente en la edad pediátrica y cuya sospecha puede generarse a partir del examen clínico, estudio de imágenes complementado con la interpretación de la genealogía en los trastornos de herencia mendeliana, permitiendo brindar un oportuno asesoramiento genético a la familia.
Role of Biomarkers for the Screening of Preeclampsia, are we there yet?
Authors: Dachlan Erry G
Published: May 2019

N/A
Estradiol Level and Psychosocial Stress in Perimenopausal Women
Authors: Levita Lucia L , Hadiprodjo Hadiprodjo , Abdullah Nusratuddin , Pelupessy Nugraha U
Published: May 2019

Objective : To determine the relationship between estradiol levels and psychosocial stress in the perimenopausal women.

Methods : Sixty perimenopausal included in a cross-sectional study from July to December 2016. Blood samples obtained from the women to measure the estradiol and the cortisol levels. Stress level measured with visual. Data presented as the mean and standard deviation (mean±SD) with p-value <.05 was considered statistically significant. 

Results : There was no significant difference between the estradiol levels and the stress level (p=0.27) during perimenopause period. The estradiol levels were higher compared with the cortisol levels. The non parametrik correlations analysis show the estradiol levels were not correlated with the cortisol levels (p=0.352). However, the cortisol levels were correlated with the stress levels (p<0.05).

Conclusion : Estradiol does not cause psychosocial stress during perimenopause period in our study population

Keywords : Estradiol, psychosocial stress, perimenopause
The Role of Maternal Progesterone and Estradiol Levels in Predicting the Success of Induction of Labour: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Sumapraja Kanadi , Badruddin Hilda R
Published: May 2019

Objective: to evaluate whether maternal progesterone and estradiol levels could be used to predictthe success ofinduction of labour (IOL)

Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Women’s Health Clinic as well as delivery suite of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during the period of May 2016 to April 2017. Blood samples of term pregnant women who were indicated for IOL wereobtainedbefore birth.

Results:A total 44 subject were recruited in this study.Of these, 24 subjects had successful IOL while the other 20 subjects had IOL failure. There was no significant difference of progesterone among both groups (66,7% vs 75%, p=0,55). The estradiol levels in subjects who successfully performed induction had an average of 16,916.28 ± 2,574.75 pg/mL which did not differ significantly from the failed of induction group with estradiol levels of 14,832.24 ± 2374.47 pg/mL (p = 0,65).

Conclusion:We found no significant association between both maternal progesterone and estradiol levels and the success rate of IOL. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm whether progesterone and estradiol play pivotal roles in the success of IOL.

Keywords: progesterone, estradiol, induction of labour

 

Tujuan: mengevaluasi kadar progesteron dan estradiol ibu sebagai prediktor kesuksesan induksi persalinan

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang yang berlangsung pada bulan Mei 2016 hingga April 2017 di Poliklinik dan IGD Kebidanan Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Rujukan Nasional Cipto Mangunkusumo. Pasien hamil aterm yang dilakukan induksi persalinan dan memenuhi kriteria penelitian akan diambil sampel darah sebelum persalinan.

Hasil: Dari 44 subjek yang mengikuti penelitian, 24 subjek berhasil dilakukan induksi persalinan dan 20 subjek gagal.Tidakterdapatperbedaanbermaknapadakadarprogesterone

Antarakeduagrup(66,7% vs 75%, p=0,55). Kadar estradiol padapasien yang berhasildilakukaninduksimemiliki rata-rata 16.916,28 + 2.574,75pg/mL yang tidakberbedajauhdengankadar estradiol pasien yang gagalinduksiyaitu 14.832,24 + 2374,47pg/mL (p = 0,65).

Kesimpulan: Tidakterdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kadar progesteron dan estradiol maternal terhadap keberhasilan induksi persalinan. Penelitian lebih lanjut dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar dibutuhkan untuk mengkonfirmasi hubungan ini dengan lebih baik.

Kata kunci: progesteron, estradiol, induksi persalinan
ANALISIS KEMANDIRIAN DAN EFISIENSI BELANJA DAERAH PERBANDINGAN ANTARA SULAWESI TENGGARA DAN SULAWESI TENGAH
Authors: Armawaddin Muhamad
Published: May 2019

This study aims to determine the phenomenon of Flypapper Effect on the regional expenditure of regencies / cities in the Provinces of Southeast Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi. This study uses secondary data by observing PAD data, DAU and District / Municipality Expenditure in Southeast Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi during the period 2016-2017. Data analysis used is panel data regression analysis. The results showed that in the period 2016-2017 Flypaper Effect was detected at regional expenditures of regencies / cities in Southeast Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi indicating that in the observation period of Regency / City Government in Southeast Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi there was an inefficient use of regional expenditure funds in proportion which is relatively different. Development financing in the provinces of Southeast Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi is still dependent on transfer funds with Central Sulawesi Province relatively more independent than Southeast Sulawesi. The result of the research is proved in the period 2016-2017 that partially and simultaneously, PAD and DAU have significant influence to the regional expenditure in the Regency and City in Central Sulawesi Province. While in Southeast Sulawesi only DAU has a significant effect on regional expenditure in the same period of observation
Perancangan Aplikasi Steganografi Dengan Teknik LSB dan AlgoritmaRC4 & Base64 Encoding
Authors: Soleh Oleh , Alfiah Fifit , Yusuf Budi
Published: May 2019

Penyembunyian pesan rahasia dengan cara menyisipkan pesan ke dalam sebuah file gambar atau lebih sering dikenal dengan istilah steganografi adalah pengembangan dari kriptografi. Pesan rahasia yang disembunyikan dengan steganografi ini tidak menarik perhatian karena pesan tersebut hanya disisipkan ke dalam sebuah file. Banyak metode yang digunakan untuk menyembunyikan pesan dengan steganografi. Beberapa metode algoritma steganografi menggunakan sebuah kombinasi untuk melakukan tugas penyembunyian pesan rahasia. Dari metode yang telah ada, tentunya memiliki kekurangan dan kelebihannya masing-masing. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode LSB (Least Significant Bit), algoritma RC4 dan Encoding Base64. Metode ini menggabungkan teknik kriptografi dengan teknik steganografi. Pesan dienkripsi terlebih dahulu sebelum disisipkan ke dalam sebuah file. Penerapan dari metode ini nantinya dapat membantu penggunanya untuk mengirim pesan secara aman tanpa diketahui oleh orang lain.
ANALISA PENGENDALIAN KUALITAS PRODUK MENGGUNAKAN SIX SIGMA (Studi Kasus pada PT. Sepatu Mas Idaman Periode Tahun 2011 - 2014)
Authors: Wihananto Adri , Febrianti Devi
Published: May 2019

Persaingan yang terjadi didunia manufaktur menyebabkan perusahaan harus memiliki strategi masing-masing untuk mampu bertahan bahkan bersaing dengan perusahaan lainnya. Peningkatan kualitas menjadi salah satu usaha perusahaan untuk mendapatkan kepuasan pelanggan. Berbagai metode digunakan oleh perusahaan untuk dapat meningkatkan kualitas produk maupun jasa perusahaan. Salah satu metode tersebut yaitu six sigma. Sig sigma merupakan sebuah metode terstruktur untuk memperbaiki suatu proses yang difokuskan untuk memperkecil variasi yang terjadi dalam suatu proses. PT. Sepatu Mas Idaman merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang selalu berusaha melakukan peningkatan kualitas produknya. Untuk itu penulis melakukan analisa terhadap pengendalian kualitas dengan menggunakan metode six sigma pada PT. Sepatu Mas Idaman. Tahap-tahap yang digunakan yaitu tahap DMAIC (define, measure, analyze, improve, control). Pada penelitian ini menggunakan aplikasi minitab untuk membantu menganalisa terutama pada tahap perhitungan p-chart dan diagram pareto. Hasil dari analisa data menunjukkan bahwa PT. Sepatu Mas Idaman telah melakukan pengendalian kualitas dengan cukup baik, dilihat dari nilai DPMO 953,92 dan tingkat sigma 4,6. Kata kunci : DPMO, DMAIC, Six Sigma
Determination of chloroform level in drinking chlorinated tap water
Authors: Zaitsev V.V. , Rublevska N.I. , Rublevskyi V.D.
Published: May 2019

More than 80 % of the population of Ukraine is provided with drinking water by means of surface water intakes, for the disinfection of water, as a rule, liquefied chlorine is used. When this method of disinfection is applied due to the interaction of organic substances with chlorine, chlororganic compounds (COC) are formed, among which trigalomethanes prevail, and among the latter, 60–90 % of the content is chloroform. Since January 2015, the hygienic norm of chloroform in tap water has been in effect in Ukraine and the obligatory program of daily monitoring of the chloroform content during the chlorination of water has been justified. Therefore, it became necessary to search for chloroform chlorine form in chlorinated water that is labor-consuming and economically accessible for water pipes. The chloroform content depends on the value of the integral index of organic water contamination — permanganate oxidation. The higher the value of permanganate oxidability in drinking chlorinated water, the more reliable (p <0.05) the higher the chloroform content in it. The method of indirect determination of the chloroform level in chlorinated water using the permanganate oxidation level is simple, reliable and operative in comparison with the prototype in the absence of the possibility of determining the chemical composition of water, the ability to determine the level of chloroform at any point in the water distribution network, reduces the cost of research and, accordingly, water for the population.
Efficiency of L-arginin in arterial hypertension
Authors: Taschuk V.K. , Vlasyk L.І. , Khrebtii H.I.
Published: May 2019

The effectiveness of the new treatment scheme of the patients with hypertonic disease accompanied by insulin resistance by adding to the treatment L-arginine — the predecessor of nitric oxide has been examined in this work. The average duration of the research was 3 months. Including a conditionally essential amino acid L-arginine to a combined antihypertensive therapy with the help of lisinopil and amplodipine and to hypolipidemic therapy with atorvastatin had significant benefits in increasing endothelium dependent vasodilatation, decreasing HOMA-index and also in more effective correction of hypertriglyceridemia.
Budget impact analysis of adalimumab biosimilar: the Italian context
Authors: Ravasio Roberto , Mazzi Silvio , Esposito Maria , Fiorino Gionata , Migliore Alberto
Published: May 2019

Introduction: Patients’ quality of life impairment together with a heavy burden to the NHS and society are caused by chronic inflammatory diseases. Their treatment substantially improved with the advent of biological drugs (such as adalimumab), but these drugs are very expensive. At present, the patent protection of adalimumab (Humira®) has expired, and a biosimilar (Hyrimoz®) has been approved. Since the biosimilar price is expected to be lower as compared with the originator’s, the present Drug Budget Impact analysis tries to evaluate whether and how much profitable the biosimilar availability will be for the Italian NHS, in terms of cost containment (savings).

Methods and results : The time horizon in the analysis model is five years. The initial overall number of patients treated with adalimumab is estimated (based on the Italian population, the disease prevalence rates, the proportion of patients under treatment and adalimumab market share) and kept constant in time. However, the model assumes that, year by year, patients in treatment with the originator will partly switch to the biosimilar (based on a prudent estimate of the uptake rate), while (due to a bolder estimate) a larger share of naïve patients will directly start with the biosimilar. Thanks to such assumptions, total number of patients treated with adalimumab (separately with the originator and with the biosimilar) is estimated, with the respective total costs.

Conclusions:  According to the present analysis, the availability of the biosimilar would generate cumulated savings (in five years) as high as €260 millions for the Italian NHS.
SEX DIFFERENCES IN RELIABILITY OF TESTS TO ASSESS COGNITIVE FUNCTION
Authors: Berneckė Vaida , Pukėnas Kazimieras , Brazaitis Marius
Published: May 2019

Background. The purpose of this study was to identify whether the learning effect, fatigue, motivation, effort
and/or sex-specific neural, physiological and morphological factors influenced the results of the test–retest reliability
of tests to assess cognitive function.
Methods. The sample included ten men (age 21.2 ± 0.4 years; body mass 79.5 ± 8.3 kg) and ten women
(age 22.0 ± 1 years; body mass 60.0 ± 10.0 kg). Participants accomplished six tests (three for memory and three
for attention) four times, i.e. two times (with 24 hours’ break) on successive days (teaching) and two times (with
48 hours’ break) on the third and fifth days (re-testing to assess the reliability). The reliability was assessed by
calculating the average of the population, standard deviation, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
Results. In males and females, measurements of attention function were highly reliable over time (ICC >
.84). The ICCs for volume of spatial memory were above .79, for memory of even number recognition above .57 for
both genders and for memory of figure recognition .00 for males and .79 for females.
Conclusion. In young healthy males and females, measurements of attention function were highly reliable
over time. Meanwhile, reliability for volume of spatial memory was good/high for both sexes, but reliability
of memory for even number recognition was insufficient for both sexes and results from memory of figure
recognition showed good reliability for women and insufficient reliability for men.
HIGH GROWTH DUMMERSTORF MICE HAVE REDUCED SPECIFIC FORCE OF SLOW AND FAST TWITCH SKELETAL MUSCLE
Authors: Minderis Petras , Fokin Andrej , Ratkevičius Aivaras
Published: May 2019

Background. Mouse strains differ in body and skeletal muscle mass. It is commonly believed that specific
force is a constant value irrespective of muscle mass. We hypothesised that excessive muscle hypertrophy might
compromise force output.
Methods. We studied force generating capacity and muscle mass of isolated soleus (SOL) and extensor
digitorum longus (EDL) muscles in 14–15-week-old males of C57BL/6J, BEH+/+ and DUH mice (n = 7 per strain).
In addition, muscles of young (4–5 weeks old, n = 7 per strain) BEH+/+ and DUH mice were also studied. Specific
forces were calculated as isometric tetanic force divided by the estimated physiological cross-section area (PCSA)
of the muscles.
Results. DUH strain generated lower specific force (p < .01– .001) than both C57BL/6J and BEH+/+ strains in
SOL (110 ± 20 vs. 146 ± 28 and 164 ± 8 mN/mm 2 , respectively) and EDL muscles (74 ± 18 vs. 101 ± 19 and 95 ±
11 mN/mm 2 , respectively). There were no differences between muscles of young and adult mice (p > .05). C57BL/6J
and BEH+/+ generated similar specific force.
Conclusions. Our results show that body mass is not associated with reduction in specific force of skeletal
muscles in mice. It seems that age did not affect specific force either. However, the heaviest DUH mice had lower
specific force in both slow twitch SOL and fast twitch EDL compared to BEH+/+ and C57BL/6J mice. It appears that
DUH strain could be a useful model in studying factors limiting specific force of skeletal muscle.
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AS A DETERMINANT OF SUBJECTIVE HAPPINESS
Authors: Alemdag Ceyhun , Alemdag Serdar , Ozkara Abdullah Bora
Published: May 2019

Background. It is clear that happiness is the aim for individuals living in a highly demanding society. Although
much behaviour may result in perceived subjective happiness, it is thought that physical activity is one of such
factors. In this respect, the aim of this study was to investigate participants’ subjective happiness as a result of their
level of the amount of exercise they take part in, as well as other secondary measures (gender, body mass index,
sports facilities and sports participation of family members).
Methods. The study sample consists of 312 undergraduate students (114 females, 198 males). Exercise Stages
of Change Questionnaire (ESOCQ) and Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) were used as a data collection tool in the
study. Data was analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis H test, T-test and Chi-
Square (χ 2 ) test.
Results. The results indicated that subjective happiness of undergraduate students was dependant on how
physically active they were, particular in males, with normal body mass index and also those who were members of
sporting facilities and whose parents were also physically active.
Conclusion. This study showed that university students who participated in physical activity showed subjectively
higher levels of perceived happiness. Furthermore, the factors determining these relationships were supported by
gender, body mass index, sports facilities and whether or not their close family members were also physically active.
Sounding the Unheard River: Reflections on an Ecological Sound Art Praxis as a Response to Ecosystem Distress
Authors: Morgan Trish
Published: May 2019

This article reflects on a body of academic and practice-based work in the contexts of praxis. It asserts that in the face of systemic issues pertaining to ecosystem crisis, multidisciplinary approaches are required, which also enable the agency of the researcher to continue their work in challenging circumstances. In reflecting on the work conducted, the article aims to offer an insight into multiple ways in which knowledge about ecosystem distress can be communicated to multiple audiences. Furthermore, in providing a reflexive account of an ecological sound art project titled The Miracle of the One Thing, the article aims to shed light on the role of practice-based approaches in communicating ecosystem distress. It implicitly offers an alternative to the ‘ocularcentrism’ of the visual turn. It questions the assumption that communication about ecosystem crisis is necessarily visual or written, and places the role of sonic practices to the fore.
Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity against Staphylococcus aureus of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. Cladode Polyphenolic Extracts
Authors: Blando Federica , Russo Rossella , Negro Carmine , De Bellis Luigi , Frassinetti Stefania
Published: May 2019

Plant extracts are a rich source of natural compounds with antimicrobial properties, which are able to prevent, at some extent, the growth of foodborne pathogens. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of polyphenolic extracts from cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. to inhibit the growth of some enterobacteria and the biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus. Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes at two stages of development were analysed for total phenolic content and antioxidant activity by Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) (in vitro assays) and by cellular antioxidant activity in red blood cells (CAA-RBC) (ex vivo assay). The Liquid Chromatography Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS–TOF) analysis of the polyphenolic extracts revealed high levels of piscidic acid, eucomic acid, isorhamnetin derivatives and rutin, particularly in the immature cladode extracts. Opuntia cladodes extracts showed a remarkable antioxidant activity (in vitro and ex vivo), a selective inhibition of the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, and an inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation. Our results suggest and confirm that Opuntia ficus-indica cladode extracts could be employed as functional food, due to the high polyphenolic content and antioxidant capacity, and used as natural additive for food process control and food safety.