bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPING METHOD OF DIFFERENTIAL PULSE POLAROGRAPHIC FOR ANALYSIS OF CHLORAMPHENICOL RESIDUE IN MILK
Authors: Tjahjono Daryono Hadi , Musadad Amir , K Septy Mariana
Published: January 2019

A differential pulse polarographic method for a quantitative analysis of chloramphenicol residue in milk had been developed. Result showed that the method using dropping mercury electrode as working electrode, Ag/AgCl electrode as reference electrode, and platinum electrode as auxiliary electrode with an acetic buffer solution of pH 4.7 as supporting electrolyte had a recovery for chloramphenicol of (96.88 ± 3.17)% with a detection limit of 0,027 µg/mL, a quantitation limit of 0,089 µg/mL, and a determination limit of 0,010 µg/mL.   Keywords: differential pulse polarography, residue, chloramphenicol, milk
ISOLATION AND STRUCTURE DETERMINATION OF BISDEMTHYLAAPTAMINE FROM BUNAKEN MARINE PARK SPONGE Aaptos, sp.
Authors: Rombang Wilson AR , Rumampuk Rymond J , Tarigan Ponis , Herlt Anthony J , Mander Lewis N
Published: January 2019

Bisdemethylaaptamine, an alkaloid naphtyridine with molecular weight 200 and formulae molecule C11H8N2O2 has been isolated from Bunaken Marine Park sponge Aaptos sp. Isolation was done by using several stages of column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. Molecular weight of this naphtyridine alkaloid was determined by electron ionization (EI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectroscopies and its structure assigned to be 8,9-dihydroxy-1H-benzo[d,e][1,6]naphtyridine by proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonances (1H and 13C-NMR).   Keywords: Sponge, Aaptos sp., naphtyridine alkaloid, bisdemethylaaptamin
ADSORPTION OF Cr(VI) ON BLACK WATER
Authors: Januarita Rasti , Herdiansyah Herdiansyah
Published: January 2019

The effect of initial concentration of Cr(VI) on adsorption to black water of Gambut, District of Banjar, South Borneo has been investigated, as well as interaction between Cr(VI) species and functional black water organic fraction. The initial work was optimization of Cr(VI) determination using UV-Visible Spectrophotometry with diphenylcarbacide as complexing agent and preparation of black water using mixture of 2% HCl and 5% HF with HCl-HF ratio of 1 : 1 (v/v). The quantity of Cr(VI) species adsorbed on black water was calculated by determining the amount of Cr(VI) species in solution before and after interaction. The functional groups in interaction between Cr(VI) species and black water organic fraction was studied qualitatively using infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that optimum condition for Cr(VI) species analysis using UV-Visible spectrophotometry with diphenylcarbacide as complexing agent was at wave length of 540 nm, pH 1,5, 15 - 60 minutes at which complex remain stable, and minimum mol ratio of diphenylcarbacide : Cr(VI) 45 : 1, and has a sensitivity of 1.134 mg/L and detection limit of 0.00495 mg/L. The analysis was not affected by the presence of Cr(III) in concentration less than 40 times of Cr(VI) concentration. After treatment with HCl-HF the quantity of black water organic fraction showing humic acid properties decreased 0,1998 percent. Organic fraction of black water used adsorpted Cr(VI)with capacity of 4,050 mg/g.   Keywords: Adsorption, Cr(VI), Black Water
CHARACTERIZATION AND ACTIVATION OF NATURAL ZEOLIT FROM PONOROGO
Authors: Heraldy Eddy , SW Hisyam , Sulistiyono Sulistiyono
Published: January 2019

Characterization and activation of Natural Zeolite from Ponorogo (ZAP) have been done to improve the quality of zeolite as porous material. Analysis of mineral composition is done using X-Ray Difraction (XRD), Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy and metal analysis using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Characterization of the activated zeolite covered about number of acidic sites, surface area, ratio Si/Al and metal composition (Na, Ca, K and Fe). Activated processes is done using various mineral acid, i.e HCl, HNO3, H2SO4 and HPO4 with each concentration at 1 M and 3 3 hours dipping. The result showed that ZAP has composition Ca-klinoptilolit (43.09 %), gismondin (17.57 %), modernit (4.21 %) and quartz (10.37 %). The most efectif of the acid to activate is HCl and is proved to absorp of Zn in waste water. The effect of chemical activation is increasing the ratio of Si/Al, increasing the surface area and reducing some metal composition.   Keywords: natural zeolite, chemical activation, porous material
EFFECT OF IMPREGNATION PROCEDURE OF Pt/γ-AL2O3 CATALYSTS UPON CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF CO
Authors: Triyono Triyono
Published: January 2019

The oxidation of carbon monoxide by oxygen using two catalysts prepared by two different methods has been investigated. In the first method, catalyst prepared by immersing γ-Al2O3 into the hexa-chloroplatinic acid solution at 80oC for 4 h, resulted Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalyst having platinum highly dispersed on the support. While that of immersing γ-Al2O3 in the hexa-chloroplatinic acid solution at room temperature for 12 h, produced Pt/ γ-Al2O3 catalyst where platinum dispersion was much lower. Catalytic activity test showed that platinum well dispersed on the support enhanced the activity for oxidation of carbon monoxide. The platinum impregnated at room temperature resulted in the poor activity.   Keywords: platinum catalyst, alumina, supported material, oxidation
OPTIMATION OF THE INCUBATION TIME FOR ENZYMATIC PRODUCTION OF COCONUT OIL USING THE FRUIT’S LATEX OF Carica papaya L
Authors: Chasani M , S Sri Sutji
Published: January 2019

Optimisations of incubation time of the enzymatic coconut oil extraction using Carica papaya's latex have been done. These researches were performed based on completed randomised design with varying incubation time (12, 24, 36 and 48 hours) and 3 % inoculums. Experimental data covered of yield, refractive index, water content, acid number, iodine number and organoleptic parameters and then analysed using t-test and regression analysis. The result showed that coconut oil produced by enzymatic reaction had good quality especially in iodine number parameter compared with conventional extraction. From the statistical analysis, the product by 24 hours incubation had the highest yield and best quality.   Keywords: Coconut oil, optimization process, enzymatic reaction
INTERACTION BETWEEN Li+ CATION WITH CROWN ETHERS OF Bz15C5, DBz16C5 AND DBz18C6: MOLECULAR MODELING BASE ON MNDO/d SEMIEMPIRICAL METHOD
Authors: Pranowo Harno Dwi , Anwar Chairil
Published: January 2019

The aim of this research is to find information about the substituent effect to the structure of crown ether benzo-15-crown-5 (Bz15C5), dibenzo-16-crown-5 (DBz16C5) and dibenzo-18-crown-6 (DBz18C6), and also crown ether selectivity to coordinate a Li+ metal cation. The presence of substituent could change the conformations flexibility of crown ether during interact with metal cation. In this research semi empirical MNDO/d method was used for calculations. Firstly, geometry optimization was conducted to crown ethers structure using MNDO/d methods. The next steps were running the geometry optimization of complexes between cation Li+ with crown ethers. Data were produced from these calculation are the parameter of crown ether structures, structures of the complexes, and the binding energy of the cation-crown ethers. The presence of electron-withdrawing substituents decreased the binding energy while that of electron-donating one increase the binding energy (value of ΔE more negative). The substituents which are increase the degree of symmetry of the cation-crown ether complexes could give the increase of crown ether selectivity to bind the cation. Selectivity of crown ether to bind the cation depends on the structural match between ionic radii of crown ether cavity (the ion-cavity size concept). Bz15C5 what has higher selectivity to bind Li+ than DBz16C5 and DBz18C6.   Keywords: selectivity, crown ether, MNDO/d.
COLLABORATIVE TRIAL AND QUALITY CONTROL IN CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Narsito Narsito
Published: January 2019

Abstract                                                             This paper deals with some practical problems related to the quality of analytical chemical data usually met in practice. Special attention is given to the topic of quality control in analytical chemistry, since analytical data is one of the primary information from which some important scientifically based decision are to be made. The present paper starts with brief description on some fundamental aspects associated with quality of analytical data, such as sources of variation of analytical data, criteria for quality of analytical method, quality assurance in chemical analysis. The assessment of quality parameter for analytical method like the use of standard materials as well as standard methods is given. Concerning with the quality control of analytical data, the use of several techniques, such as control samples and control charts, in monitoring analytical data in quality control program are described qualitatively.  In the final part of this paper, some important remarks for the preparation of collaborative trials, including the evaluation of accuracy and reproducibility of analytical method are also given Keywords: collaborative trials, quality control, analytical data Abstract                                                             This paper deals with some practical problems related to the quality of analytical chemical data usually met in practice. Special attention is given to the topic of quality control in analytical chemistry, since analytical data is one of the primary information from which some important scientifically based decision are to be made. The present paper starts with brief description on some fundamental aspects associated with quality of analytical data, such as sources of variation of analytical data, criteria for quality of analytical method, quality assurance in chemical analysis. The assessment of quality parameter for analytical method like the use of standard materials as well as standard methods is given. Concerning with the quality control of analytical data, the use of several techniques, such as control samples and control charts, in monitoring analytical data in quality control program are described qualitatively.  In the final part of this paper, some important remarks for the preparation of collaborative trials, including the evaluation of accuracy and reproducibility of analytical method are also given Keywords: collaborative trials, quality control, analytical data
STUDY OF MATRIX EFFECT ON THE ANALYSIS OF Ni AND Pd BY AAS IN THE DESTRUATS OF HIDROCRACKING CATALYSTS USING AQUA REGIA AND H2SO4
Authors: Trisunaryanti Wega , Mudasir Mudasir , Saroh Siti
Published: January 2019

The matrix effect of various metals on the analysis of nickel and palladium in destruate of catalysts of Butonian asphalt-derived asphaltene by atomic absorption spectroscopy have been investigated. Samples were dissolved by wet decomposition method using aqua regia and then followed by concentrated H2SO4. The solution was evaporated to dryness on a sand-bath. Study of matrix effect was carried out by comparing the absorbance of Ni and Pd with and without the adding of various concentration of metals in the samples. The calibration curve and standard addition methods were applied in the analysis of Ni and Pd. Result of the study showed that matrix effect toward absorbance of Ni is mostly caused by Al and Si contents in the concentration range of 200-500 ppm. Al content in the concentration of 500 ppm, and Si content in the concentration range of 100-500 ppm cause the matrix effect in the analysis of Pd. However, the change in absorbance of Ni and Pd is still below tolerable limit of 10%. The content of Ni in Pd-Ni / zeolit-Y, Ni-Pd/ zeolit-Y, Mo-Ni/ g-alumina, and Ni-Mo / g-alumina with calibration curve technique were 7.44 ± 0.021; 7.62 ± 0.052; 7.75 ± 0.054; and 2.69 ± 0.062 respectively and with standard addition technique were 6.82 ± 0.066; 7.23 ± 0.112; 7.39 ± 0.099; and 2.35 ± 0.055 respectively. Pd content in Pd-Ni / zeolit-Y and Ni-Pd/ zeolit-Y with calibration curve technique were 2.74 ± 0.044 and 2.49 ± 0.051 and with standard addition technique were 2.90 ± 0.015 and 2.69 ± 0.042.   Keywords: matrix effect, analysis of nickel and palladium, aqua regia, H2SO4
Ion Ni2+ di Dalam Air; Pembentukan Fungsi Potensial Intermolekul
Authors: Setiaji Bambang , Arindah Tutik
Published: January 2019

Pair potential function of Ni2+-H2O system has been constructed by ab initio method at UHF (Unrestricted Hartre-Fock) level. The basis sets used for energy interaction calculation were LANL2 Double-z ECP of Hay and Wadt for Ni2+ and Double-z Polarization of Dunning for H2O. Construction of pair potential function was done by collecting more than 3000 energy points that represent all interactions of Ni2+ ion and water. The pair potential function of Ni2+-H2O resulted of fitting proses by standard deviation of 3,25 kcal/mol is where AiM, BiM, CiM  and DiM are fitting parameter of Ni2+-O or Ni2+-H, riM is distance of i atoms between H2O and Ni2+, q is charge of i atoms of H2O resulted by Mulliken population analysis, and qM is net charge of Ni2+ ion.   Keywords: Ni2+ ion in water, intermoleculer potential function.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF ETHANOL ADDITION AND SOLUTION HEATING ON THE DETERMINATION OF AMMONIA IN WATER BY INDOPHENOL BLUE METHOD
Authors: Hasri Hasri , Mudasir Mudasir
Published: January 2019

The effect of ethanol addition and solution heating on the analytical performance of the determination of ammonia in water by indophenol blue method was studied. The addition of ethanol and solution heating was intended to overcome the problem of reproducibility and sensitivity ussually found in the determination of ammonia by indophenol blue method which is carried out in 100 % aqueous media. The determination of ammonia was done indirectly by reacting ammonia in the sample with hypochloride and phenol using nitroprussida as catalyst to yield blue color-intense chromophore of indophenol. The chromophore was then detected by UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The proposed method was applied for the determination of ammonia in various samples of river water located in Yogyakarta and Makassar.             Results of the study showed that ethanol addition into analytical solution and solution heating enhanced the formation of indophenol blue. The optimal heating was achieved after 90 minutes of mixing. In ethanol/water medium (50/50, v/v), indophenol blue exhibited maximum absorbance at 648 nm. The analytical performance of ammonia determination by indophenol blue method in this medium is as followed: detection limit = 0.03 ppm, relative standard deviation (RSD) = 2.50 % and the calibration curve was linear in the concentration range of 0.0 - 0.4 ppm with correlation coefficient (r) = 0.9968. Results of ammonia determination in various samples of river water showed that the highest concentration of ammonia (2.421 ppm) was found in Tallo river, Makassar, while the lowest (0.359 ppm) was shown by the river near SGM factory, Yogyakarta.   Keywords: Ammonia, Ethanol, Spectrophotometry, Indophenol blue.
STUDY OF Cr(VI) PHOTOREDUCTION CATALYZED BY CDO-ZEOLITE
Authors: Wahyuni Endang Tri , Mudasir Mudasir , Sinambela Saudur
Published: January 2019

An attempt to decrease Cr(VI) ions in the solution which is more toxic than Cr(III) has performed by assisting the photoreduction of Cr(VI) ions catalysed by oxide Cd(II) supported in the zeolite pores (CdO-zeolite). The research consists of preparation, characterization, and photoactivity examination of  CdO-zeolite. The preparation was carried out by ion-exchange method, which was followed by oxidation by flowing oxygen gas at 300oC. Analysis to determine the Cd adsorbed by zeolite and characterization to determine Eg as photocatalyst character was carried out by AAS and diffuses reflectance UV-Visible spectrophotometry (DRUV-Vis) methods, respectively. Photoreduction process was carried out in a closed reactor by radiating a suspension of Cr(VI) solution and CdO-zeolite with UV lamp for period of times. The concentration of unreduced Cr(VI) in the solution was determined by UV-Visible spectrophotometer as biphenyl carbacide complex. The results of the analysis and characterization indicated that the amount of Cd in  CdO-zeolite is 46,832 mg/g and  Eg of CdO-zeolite (3,26 eV) is larger than Eg of CdO (2,38 eV). Photocatalytic examination showed that the photoreduction results are proportional with the Eg values,i.e the results of  Cr(VI) catalyzed by CdO-zeolit are higher than that of by  CdO. Photoreduction of  50 mL solution  Cr(VI) 25 ppm at  pH = 7 catalyzed by  50 mg CdO- zeolite for 25 hours has given maximum result of 65,89 %.   Keywords: photoreduction, zeolite.
A STUDY OF THE SYNTHESIS OF VERATRYL CYANIDE REQUIRED AS AN INTERMEDIATE FOR THE PREPARATION OF C-9154 ANTIBIOTIC DERIVATIVE FROM VANILIN
Authors: Rosilawati Ila , Jumina Jumina , Muchalal M
Published: January 2019

The synthesis of veratryl cyanide [1-(3,4-dimethoxy phenyl acetonitril] required as an intermediate for the preparation of C-9154 antibiotic derivative was carried out. The starting material used was vanilin, while the reaction steps consisted of (1) methylation of vanilin, (2) reduction of veratraldehyde, (3) synthesis of veratryl bromide, and (4) treatment of this bromide with KCN. The analysis of the products was carried out using IR, 1H NMR and GC-MS spectrophotometers.             The methylation of vanilin was conducted using dimethylsulfate and NaOH at 100  oC for 2 hours to give 79.3% yield of veratraldehyde. The reduction of veratraldehyde with LiBH4 in ethanol - THF mixture (1:1 v/v) at reflux for 4 hours afforded veratryl alcohol in 85.3% yield. This veratryl alcohol was treated with red phosphorous and Br2 in CCl4 at 60 oC for 2 hours to give 1-(2-bromo-4,5-dimethoxy)-phenyl bromomethane in 67.4% yield, instead of the desired veratryl bromide [1-3,4-dimethoxy)-phenyl bromomethane]. This benzyl bromide derivative was then treated with KCN in the presence of tween 80 as a phase catalyst transsfer in benzene-water solvent system at reflux for 2 hours to yield 1-(2-bromo-4,5-dimethoxy)phenyl acetonitril in 58.5%.   Keywords: Vanilin, veratryl cyanide, C-9154 antibiotic derivative
IDENTIFICATION AND SEQUENCING BY NMR SPECTROSCOPY OF THE CARBOHYDRATE MOIETY IN A SAPONIN FROM Barringtonia asiatica
Authors: Rumampuk Rymond J
Published: January 2019

A trisaccharide chain in a saponin from the seeds of Barringtonia asiatica has been identified and sequenced as {[b-D-galactopyranosyl(1®3)- b-D-glucopyranosyl(1®2)]-b-D-glucuronopyranosyloxy} using a combination of homonuclear and heteronuclear correlation NMR spectroscopy. The 1H and 13C NMR signals of the sugar residues can be determined and distinguished from one other by use of the HMQC-TOCSY technique. Anomeric configurations were unambiguously assigned from the vicinal coupling constants 3JH-1,H-2 of the anomeric protons. Inter-glycosidic linkage assignments were elucidated using  HMBC.   Keyword: Barringtonia asiatica, carbohydrate, saponin, NMR
AN EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS OF 1,3-BENZODIAZINE-2,4-DIONES ANALOGS
Authors: Mandey Fredryk
Published: January 2019

An investigation of base promoted reaction of phenylanthranilate and isocyanate has been carried out. The reaction between phenylanthranilate (11) and phenylisocyanate and n-butylisocyanate gave remarkable yields of corresponding 1,3-Benzo-diazine-2,4-diones (12a) and (12b).   Keyword: one-pot synthesis, heterocyclic compound
EFFECT OF MATRICES ON PERCENT EXTRACTION OF SILVER (II) FROM BLACK/WHITE PRINTING PHOTOGRAPHIC WASTE USING EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE TECHNIQUE
Authors: Santoso Imam , Buchari Buchari
Published: January 2019

Extraction of silver (I) has been studied from black/white printing photographic waste by emulsion liquid membrane technique. Composition emulsion at the membrane phase was cerosene as solvent, sorbitan monooleat (span 80) as surfactant, dimethyldioctadesyl-ammonium bromide as carrier and as internal phase was HNO3. Optimum condition was obtained: ratio of internal phase volume and membrane phase volume was 1:1 : concentration of surfactant was 2% (v/v) : time of making emulsion was 20 second : rate of stiring emulsion was 1100 rpm : rest time emulsion was 3 second : rate of emulsion volume and external phase volume was 1:5 : emulsion contact rate 500 rpm : emulsion contact time was 40 second : concentration of silver thiosulfate as external phase was 100 ppm : pH of external phase was 3 and pH of internal phase was 1. Optimum condition was applied in silver(I) extraction from black/white printing photographic waste. It was obtained 77.33% average which 56.06% silver (I) average of internal phase and 22.66% in the external phase. Effect of matrices ion decreased silver(I) percent extraction from 96,37% average to 77.33% average.

Keyword: photographics waste, silver extraction
GOLD IS EARNED FROM THE PRODUCTION OF THAI GOLD LEAF
Authors: Bax Dirk
Published: January 2019

Thai people like to cover sacred objects or things dear to them with gold leaf.. Statues of Buddha are sometimes covered with so many layers of gold leaf that they become formless figures, that can hardly be recognized. Portraits of beloved ancestors, statues of elephants and grave tombs are often covered with gold leaf. If one considers the number of Thai people and the popularity of the habit, the amount of gold involved could be considerable.
Study of the Gold Extraction Using Tetra N-Butyl Ammonium Chloride-Chloroform
Authors: Rini Yuli Puspito , Kuncaka Agus , Hadipranoto Ngatidjo
Published: January 2019

The existence of the AuCl4- ion in the solution as the function of pH before performing the extraction of gold in the system of tetra N-butylammonium chloride (TBACI) -chloroform has been studied. The experimental data showed that AuCl4- ion was hydrolyzed at pH 5-10 and, an amorf dark-brown precipitate was appeared at pH 11-14. Amount of gold in the solution at pH 14 before extraction was around 70%. Study of the extraction has been carried out by investigating the influence of pH and TBACI concentration on the extraction efficiency. The experimental result indicated that TBACI was very efficient extractant for the extraction of gold from aqueous halide with the efficiency higher than 99%. The extraction of Gold in the TBACI-chloroform was effective at pH 0-4 with minimum concentration of TBACI 10-3 M, and the calculated Kex (extraction constant) was 5.07x10-4.
Storage and Condition of Biomass Influence to Biosorption of Lead (II) and Zinc(II) by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Biomass
Authors: Jasmidi Jasmidi , Sugiharto Eko , Mudjiran Mudjiran
Published: January 2019

The influence of length and condition of Biomass Storage on the biosorption of lead and zinc that present together in a solution by Saccharomyces cerevisiae biomass were studied. In this experiment, variables of length and condition of biomass storage were examined. Concentration of lead and zinc were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometric (AAS) using air-acetilene as atomizing flame. Loading of lead and zinc on the biomass were determined as the difference between the initial and the final concentration of lead and zinc in the solution. Biosorption of lead and zinc were influenced by condition and storage of the biomass. Storage of biomass in the room temperature for one week cause an increasing uptake. Storage for longer period result in decrease of lead and zinc uptake. Storage of biomass in a freezer up to 2 weeks increased the uptake of lead, but did not influence the uptake of zinc. Storage for longer period decreased the uptake of both of lead and zinc. For all condition the uptake of lead higher than the uptake of zinc by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
The Effect of Salinity on the Release of Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb) And Zinc (Zn) from Tailing
Authors: Parubak Apriani Sulu , Sugiharto Eko , Mudjiran Mudjiran
Published: January 2019

The effects of salinity on the release of copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in tailing sediment have been studied by stripping voltammetry. The purpose of the research is to know the effect of salinity on the release of metals with certain pH, conductivity and variety of metals. Simultaneous determination of copper, lead and zinc in tailing was done by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (DPASV) onto hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) and nitric acid 65% as support electrolyte. The limit of detection for this method 0.60 µg/L, 0.150 µg/L and 0.238 µg/L for copper, lead and iMc respectively. The stripping solution of 300/00 salinity with pH= 7.85, conductivity= 46.62 mS/cm gives the amounts of released metals as follows :14.867 µg/L Cu, 0.976 µg/L Pb and 6.224 µg/L Zn. These results are higher as compared with the results from 15 0/00 salinity with pH= 7.66, conductivity= 23.22 mS/cm that give released metals of Cu= 7.988 µg/L, Pb= 0.311 µg/L and Zn= 4.699 µg/L. the results from ANOVA suggest that this is due to different in salinity of the solution. It also found that the conductivity does not give any effect. It can be concluded that the higher salinity will that give higher concentration or released metals.
Potency of Stirred Microfiltration Cell in Separation of Fermented Beans as Protein Isolate for Natural Source of Folic Acid
Authors: Aspiyanto Aspiyanto , Susilowati Agustine , Lotulung Puspa Dewi , Melanie Hakiki , Maryati Yati
Published: January 2019

Protein isolate from soy bean (Glycine soja L.) tempeh, mung bean (Phaseolus radiatus L.) tempeh and kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) tempeh are natural source of folic acid with main role in brain smartness. 0.15 µm microfiltration (MF) membrane fitted in dead-end stirred microfiltration cell (SMFC) was able to separate protein isolate from three (3) kinds of tempeh at stirrer rotation speed 400 rpm, room temperature and pressure 40 psia for 30 minutes. The result of experimental work showed that SMFC had potential use in separation of protein isolate affected by kinds of bean and membrane performance on isolate composition in retentate and permeate. SMFC was able to retain better protein isolate in retentate than that passing across permeate. Retentate of protein isolate from soy bean tempeh, mung bean tempeh and kidney bean tempeh had subsequently compositions of folic acid 362.07, 254.07 and 506.07 µg/mL, total solids 5.56, 4.08 and 1.82 %, N-Amino 4.34, 3.36 and 0.56 mg/mL, and dissolved protein 0.79, 0.34 and 0.72 mg/mL. In this process condition, SMFC was able to increase folic acid in protein isolate retentate of soy tempeh of 0.59 times, mung bean tempeh of 1.1 times and kydney bean tempeh of 1.42 times before purification process in retentate. Based on both SMFC performance and efficiency, all the best purification optimization were obtained kidney beans tempeh. Identification of monomer of kidney bean tempeh protein isolate gave monomers of folic acid, glutamic acid and folic acid fractionation with molecular weight of 443.5797, 148.1643 and 221.2132 Da. and relative intensity of 1.28, 50.11 and 7.05 %, respectively.
Short Time Synthesis of Titania Nanotubes: Effect of Pre-Mixing Prior Hydrothermal
Authors: Kartini Indriana , Jannah Ira Nur Arba’atul , Amalia Fitri Rizki , Mustofa Salim , Kunarti Eko Sri , Swasono Respati Tri
Published: January 2019

The effect of pre-mixing by mechanical stirring before hydrothermal and hydrothermal time on the crystalline phases and morphology of titania has been studied. It was shown that nanotubes titania can be obtained after 5 h hydrothermal at 150 °C. The XRD patterns and Raman spectra of the produced powders showed the existence of anatase and titanate crystalline phases. At the longest stirring, TiO2 (B) was observed. High textural coefficient for [200] plane of anatase (TC200) confirmed oriented growth of one-dimensional anatase along [200]. All powders resulted at various stirring time were nanotubes, as confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). It was found that the longer the stirring, the higher the surface area of the nanotubes. All powders showed type-IV isotherm for nitrogen gas adsorption/desorption, indicating the existence of mesoporous materials. However, long hydrothermal induced the nanospheres formation, hence reducing the surface area. The band-gap of the resulted titania nanotubes were ranging from 3.11–3.16 eV. The photocatalytic performance toward the degradation of methylene blue of the titania nanotubes was higher (~50%) compared to the bulk TiO2 (~5%) under visible-light and was comparable under UV-light (~60%). These results pave a way of producing visible-sensitive TiO2 photocatalyst by altering the morphology.
Forgery Detection Beef with Mice Meat (Mus musculus) in Meatballs Using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (Real-Time PCR) Primer Specific for a Target Mitochondrial DNA ND-1 Gene
Authors: Raharjo Tri Joko , Pratama Gilang Aji , Nuryanti Irma , Pratiwi Rarastoeti
Published: January 2019

The expensive beef have encouraged counterfeiting beef on processed food products such as meatballs. Mice meat is frequently reported used for adulteration of beef. The accurate method is needed to ensure the supervision of food safety. This study reports the use of DNA testing to detect the presence of mice meat in meatballs with real-time PCR primer specific. PCR primers designed based on the ND-1 gene of mice mitochondrial DNA with the sequence are 5’-CGGCATCCTACAACCATTTGC-3’ and 5’-CGGCTCGTAAAGCTCCGAA-3’, respectively, target 294 bp DNA fragment. The real-time PCR can specifically detect the presence of the mice meat in a meatball with no detection the presence of beef, mutton, chicken, pork, and horsemeat. The method showed good precision shown by the CV of repeatability test at 2%, much lower than the requirement of < 25%. Real-time PCR was able to deliver positive results for as low as 0.5 ng DNA template, equivalent to 0.08 copies of genome DNA of mice equal to 80–150 copies of mtDNA. By using standard phenol-chloroform DNA isolation technique, this method is able to detect contamination of mice meat in meatball up to 1%. Three commercial meatballs confirmed contaminated by mice meat using the method.
Hierarchical MnOx/ZSM-5 as Heterogeneous Catalysts in Conversion of Delignified Rice Husk to Levulinic Acid
Authors: Krisnandi Yuni Krisyuningsih , Nurani Dita Arifa , Agnes Anastasia , Pertiwi Ralentri , Antra Noer Fadlina , Anggraeni Alika Rizki , Azaria Anya Prilla , Howe Russell Francis
Published: January 2019

Hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolite was synthesized using a double template method using TPAOH and PDDA as templates, while microporous ZSM-5 was also prepared using only TPAOH as a template. The syntheses then were followed by impregnation with Mn(II) c.a. 2 wt.% and calcination at 550 °C to obtain MnOx/ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts. Extensive characterization of the zeolite catalysts was performed using XRD, SEM, AAS, EDX, FTIR and BET measurement. The characterization showed that hierarchical or mainly mesoporous ZSM-5 was successfully synthesized, having added features compared to the microporous counterpart. The catalysts then were used in conversion reaction of delignified rice husk to levulinic acid, a platform chemical. As a comparison, a certain amount of MnCl2.4H2O was used as a homogeneous catalyst in a similar reaction. The product of the reaction was separated and analyzed with HPLC. It showed that 8 h was the optimum condition for the conversion, with hierarchical MnOx/hi_ZSM-5 catalyst gave the highest amount of levulinic acid (%Y of 15.83%), followed by microporous MnOx/mi_ZSM-5 (%Y of 10%). The % yield of levulinic acid using homogeneous Mn(II) catalyst (%Y of 8.86%) gave more charcoal as a product. Meanwhile, the stability of the zeolite catalysts after the reaction has also been investigated, mainly by analyzing the FTIR spectra and EDX data of the used catalysts after separated and calcined at 550 °C. From the analysis, some of the silica and alumina are leached from the framework, as well as the manganese oxide due to acidic condition at the beginning of the reaction. Nevertheless, it can be concluded that the conversion took place as the interaction between the cellulose and either MnOx in zeolites or Mn2+ ions in the solution, with the support of porous ZSM-5 framework. Hierarchical system somehow assists the ZSM-5 structure stays intact.
Separation of Inorganic Anions and Phenolic Compounds Using Tetraethylene Oxide-Bonded Stationary Phases in Capillary Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Linda Roza , Rafi Mohamad , Lim Lee Wah , Takeuchi Toyohide
Published: January 2019

Tetraethylene glycol monomethyl ether (TEGMM) and tetraethylene glycol (TEG) modified silica were synthesized and used in capillary liquid chromatography as stationary phases. The stationary phases were prepared by chemically bonding TEGMM or TEG on silica via reaction with 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. The present stationary phases were successfully used for the separation of several inorganic anions and phenolic compounds. The TEG-modified silica stationary phase had a better selectivity and higher retention for five anions compared to TEGMM-modified silica stationary phase. The repeatability of retention time for the five anions was satisfactory on both stationary phases. By using 2 mM sodium chloride as eluent, the relative standard deviation values were in ranging from 0.68–3.21 and 2.00–2.16% for analytes in the TEG-and TEGMM-bonded stationary phase, respectively. It was found that the TEG-bonded stationary phase had hydrophilic properties due to the presence of the hydroxyl group at the end of the TEG chains.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Amoxicillin Using UV/Synthesized NiO from Pharmaceutical Wastewater
Authors: Balarak Davoud , Mostafapour Ferdos Kord
Published: January 2019

The nano nickel(II) oxide (NiO) was synthesized by sol-gel method and used for degradation of Amoxicillin (AMO) from pharmaceutical wastewater. In this laboratory study, the effects of nanoparticle dose (0.25–2 g/L), reaction time (10–120 min), initial antibiotic concentration (25–200 mg/L) and lamp power (15 W) on AMO removal efficiency were assessed in a batch photocatalytic reactor. Antibiotic concentration in output was measured by the spectrophotometer at the maximum wavelength of 280 nm. The optimum nano NiO dose was obtained to be 0.2 g/L. In this study, the removal efficiency decreased with increasing the concentration of AMO. Under optimal conditions of concentration, the removal efficiency was 96%. It was found that increasing the exposure time to UV increased the rate of AMO degradation in solution. The results also showed that the photo-degradation reaction approximately follows the pseudo-first-order kinetics with constant rates of 0.084, 0.074 and 0.046 min-1 for concentrations of 25, 50 and 100 mg/L, respectively. On the basis of the obtained results, it can be concluded that UV/NiO photocatalytic process can efficiently remove AMO from pharmaceutical wastewater.
Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Capped-Benzoic Acid Derivative Compounds (o-, m-, and p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid)
Authors: Andreani Agustina Sus , Kunarti Eko Sri , Santosa Sri Juari
Published: January 2019

The effect of a hydroxyl functional group of the benzoic acid derivative compound, i.e. o-hydroxybenzoic acid, m-hydroxybenzoic acid, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid on the synthesis of AuNPs has been studied. It was revealed that the pH, heating time, the concentration of capping agent and the concentration of Au3+ affected the formation of AuNPs. We discovered that o-hydroxybenzoic acid possessed the highest stability, yet it needed the highest concentration of Au3+ and faster reaction time than p-hydroxybenzoic acid and slower than m-hydroxybenzoic acid. The stability was verified by means of UV-Vis spectrophotometer, XRD, TEM, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), and Zeta Potential with an aging time of more than 5 months. We concluded that o-hydroxybenzoic acid acquired the most effective redox reaction instead of m-hydroxybenzoic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, resulted in the smaller sized and unaggregated AuNPs. We also confirmed that the hydroxyl group of o-hydroxybenzoic acid, m-hydroxybenzoic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid is the functional group responsible for the reduction of Au3+ to Au0.
Processing of Chloride-Containing Productive Solutions after Uranium in situ Leaching by Ion Exchange Method
Authors: Titova Svetlana , Skripchenko Sergey , Smirnov Alexey , Rychkov Vladimir
Published: January 2019

The uranium sorption from productive solutions containing chloride ions using anion-exchange resins was investigated. The VPAE ion exchanger had the highest values of the sorption capacity, which for the experiment in the static mode was 13 kg U m-3, and for the experiment in the dynamic mode, it was equal to 36 kg U m-3. The use of VPAE anion exchanger will make it possible for uranium recovery from productive solutions with an increased content of chloride without sacrificing the productivity of the sorption plant. The process of saturated resins regeneration by various reagents was investigated. The use of ammonium nitrate solution with sulfuric acid ensured maximum value of uranium recovery from the saturated resin phase (76–97%).
Antibacterial Properties of Biofilm Schiff Base Derived from Dialdehyde Cellulose and Chitosan
Authors: Pratama Agung , Sebayang Firman , Nasution Rumondang Bulan
Published: January 2019

Cellulose and chitosan are natural polymers that have been used as biocomposite. The aim of this research is to obtain biofilms from chitosan and oxidized cellulose crosslinks. This research is divided into three steps, i.e., isolation of cellulose from oil palm trunk and oxidation of cellulose using NaIO4 (0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; 1.0 mg/mL) to obtain dialdehyde cellulose (DAC), crosslink of oxidized cellulose with chitosan (DD = 72.85%) to obtain biofilm of chitosan/DAC (CDAC), and characterization of biofilms. The crosslinked reaction was confirmed by FT-IR analysis that showed the spectrum of Schiff base C=N group at 1651 cm–1. Tensile strength increased gradually when the NaIO4 concentration used was 0.2–0.6 mg/mL, but after those concentrations, the tensile strength slightly decreased. The morphology analysis showed that CDAC had smoother morphology than DAC, which was shown rough and showed some particle indicated the presence of unreacted cellulose. CDAC biofilms that prepared with 1.0 mg/mL NaIO4 showed the greatest antibacterial activity.
WANITA KE PASAR Studi tentang Perubahan Sosial Ekonomi Pedesaan
Authors: Abdullah Irwan
Published: January 2019

Sesuai dengan naskah aslinya, tulisan ini belum dilengkapi dengan abstraksi.
PROFIL PENDUDUK INDONESIA MENJELANG ERA TINGGAL LANDAS
Authors: Mantra Ida Bagoes
Published: January 2019

The most important factor of population development during the Second Long-Term Development (PJP 77) is the development of human resources, which is, in  turn, one of the most essential element of development next to natural resources and technology. Before the development of human resources is carried out, the conditions of the human resources themselves should be first detected and indentified.Taking notes of the 1990 population data, it has been concluded that the profile of the population of Indonesia has improved substantially. The population structure of the younger age group has been gradually left behind in accordance with the decline of the population growth rate. Bothbirth and mortality rates have dropped as the result of the significant improvement of the family planning and community - health programs. Spontaneous migration among regions of Indonesia has also increased inaccordance with the development progress,the transport infrastructure, and the populationmobility from rural to urban areas. The value of human quality, even though has experienced some increase, is still considered lowso far.The characteristics of population demography need serioues considerations to be able to improve the efforts to promote the humanwuality of the country.
TIPOLOGI MIGRASI: SUATU ALTERNATIF PENGEMBANGAN KONSEP
Authors: Sukamdi Sukamdi
Published: January 2019

Using the migration survey done by Population Studies Center Gadjah Mada University, this article tries to find out the possibility in improving the definition of migration. It is based on the idea that migrationis a process. It means that migration can be defined more than dichotomy of the concept of permanent and sirculation. The reason is that the dichotomy tends to ignore the possibility of migrants occupying one or more categories intermediate to the two polar types. By introducing the variable of intention to remain at the destination and the length of migrants stay in the destination, a four fold typology of migrant type can be created: circular migrants, migrants who intend to remain circular, migrants who intend to be permanent and permanent migrants.
SISTEM KERJA PANEN DI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT
Authors: Sairin Sjafri
Published: January 2019

Sesuai dengan naskah aslinya, tulisan belum dilengkapi dengan abstraksi.
CARA MENGUKUR PERMINTAAN PELAYANAN KELUARGA BERENCANA
Authors: Dwiyanto Agus
Published: January 2019

Sesuai dengan naskah aslinya, tulisan belum dilengkapi dengan abstraksi.
Review Buku "EKONOMI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA"
Authors: Darwin Muhadjir
Published: January 2019

Aris Ananta, EKONOMI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA. Jakarta: LembagaDemografi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Pusat Antar Universitas bidangEkonomi, Universitas Indonesia, 1990.
DAMPAK MIGRASI SIRKULER TERHADAP DESA ASAL MIGRAN
Authors: Hs Sunarto
Published: January 2019

This researchwas conductedvin two villages at Gunung Kidul Regency. The aim was to identify the complexity of circular migrations and their remittances such as migrants self-esteem, reason for migration, selection of places of destination, economic activity and their earnings, remittances, and the impacts of remittances on their places of origin. The findings of this research: all remittances (money, goods, knowledge, experience, skills, and ideas) had positive impacts on the village environment and incultivatingland. The village society had a positive perceptionon the circular migration, which eventually had been internalized.
TINJAUAN BERBAGAI INDIKATOR SOSIAL*
Authors: Masri Singarimbun
Published: January 2019

This article delineates various indices: (a)The Physical Quality of Life Index(PQli) and the Subjective Composite Index used by the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics for making comparisons with the 27 provinces of Indonesia; (b) a revised version of PQLI by adding fertility as a new component developed by Sajogyo and Abustam; (c) the Non-Physical Quality Index, used by the office of the Minister of Population and Environment, and (d) the Human Development Index (HDI), contained in the UNDP: Human Development Report, 1991 and 1992
SUATU PENDEKATAN ANALISIS MULTIVARIAT TENTANG TINGKAT KELAHIRAN PADA BEBERAPA KELOMPOK DAN ETNIS WANITA PERNAH KAWIN DI IRIAN JAYA
Authors: Soumokil Pieter J.
Published: January 2019

It has been argued by many demographers that socio economic development with its associated fundamental changes in the role of women and the value of children is the dominant factor in the transition from high to low fertility. Research in less developed countries has found lower fertility levels in urban population compared to rural population. It was therefore assumed that the modernizing role of urbanlife helped bring about a decline infertility levels.This study in Irian Jaya, however, convincingly shows that fertility of urban women in Irian Jaya is higher than that of rural women. This differential infertility in favour of urban women in Irian Jaya appears to be real and not a result of underreporting of total live births in rural areas.The reasons for lower fertility in the rural areas in IrianJaya remain unknown, and more research is therefore needed. However, this study strongly suggests that the traditional system of swidden agricultyure in Irian Jaya, which places a highvalue on the labour input of women, may play a major role in constraining fertility in rural area of this province. On the other hand, high fertility in urban areas takes place because urbanwomen have their first birth earlier thanwomen inthe rural areas.
PROYEKSI PENDUDUK INDONESIA 1990-2010
Authors: Tukiran Tukiran
Published: January 2019

The conformity betweenpopulation projection and both the survey and census results depends very much on the assumption used. The fertility, mortality, and the migration dynamics may affect both the number and structure of the projection results of the population. In line with this, the population projection is formed by using several different assumptions to be able to obtain a clear description about the minimum and maximum conditions of the population in the years to come.The population growth rate of Indonesia in the coming years is estimated to remain high as a consequence of the population structure of the younger age group. The fertility reduction that has taken place has only affected the number of population aged less than ten years, whereas the growth rate of the population aged ten years and over will remain high because of the mortility reduction. The main challenge of the future could be that the population number of the teenage group and the adolescence may be higher than that of the previous period. The female population of the productive age group and the population of the old age group have also increased in number. This phenomenon is very closely related with the expansion of the employment opportunities, consumtion needs, health services, and of many other facilities. The number of population of the economically productive age group and the eligible female age group will, in the coming years, be much greater than that in 1990. This needs serious and effective planning to tackle the problem so that it may not become a burdento the country's development.
MELEMBAGAKAN INDIKATOR INTERAKSI KEPENDUDUKAN, LINGKUNGAN HIDUP, DAN PEMBANGUNAN
Authors: Effendi Sofian
Published: January 2019

Increasing concern on the problemof carrying in broad sense (natural, social, and built environment) which support to the process of sustainable development has stimulated awareness on how important it is for the government and the community to maintainthe development and environment in the perfect harmony.This paper discuss varions attempt in developing new policy indicators needed by the government to monitor the performance of sustainable development. These efforts are that the policy making should always be provided with qualities, environment, development strategies, and its related interactions.
PENENTUAN DESA MISKIN Analisis Potensial Desa 1990
Authors: Tukiran Tukiran
Published: January 2019

The 1990 Village Potential Census (PODES) aims at collecting data on village capabilities, land utilities, transportations, population and environment, and agricultural, economics, educational and health activities in order to investigate village development in Indonesia. Part of the existing data is utilized for compiling sume indicators on poor and non-poor villages. To obtain certain criteria on poverty, 27 variables have been selected for the rural-villages regions and 25 variables for urban villages which are assumed as being relevant of being poor. The criteria of poverty is based on the total score average, village total score, and deviation standard.The result of the analysis only show the location of poor villages, and not the existing number of poor population. The criteria about a poor village should be extremely carefully utilized since part of the selected variables is based on the reports of majority of the village population only, so that the benefit becomes very limited. Information about these poor villages is more suited for the parameters of poor village facilities and infrastuctures. Information about poor villages, according to PODES, has several basic weaknesses which can be improved with the support of the data of the 1993 Agricultural Census or the 1994 National Socioeconomyc Survey.