bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study of adverse drug reactions to iodinated contrast agents in tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Patel Dhara , Pillai Ajita , Kausar Farah
Published: October 2019

Background: Contrast agents have long been used for the imaging of anatomic boundaries and to explore normal and abnormal findings in X-ray based imaging technique. These agents are not completely devoid of risk. Adverse effects from administration of contrast media vary from minor physiological disturbance to rare life threatening situation.Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective observational study over one-year duration from 1st August 2015 to 31st July 2016 was conducted at radiology department of a Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Government Medical College and Teaching hospital, Rajkot, Gujarat. Adverse drug reactions were analyzed to study the nature of reactions caused by iodinated contrast agents. The temporal relationship of time of administration of contrast agents to the occurrence of adverse reaction was analyzed and classified as immediate or delayed type of reaction.Results: Out of 868 patients that were analysed 15 out of 497 male patients and 11 out of 371 female patients developed adverse reaction. Age range of patients that developed reactions was 20-55 years. Most common adverse drug reaction occurred in our study was nausea and vomiting which was treated by parenteral Ondansetron. All the reactions were found to be ‘probable’ in causality as per WHO causality assessment scale and Naranjo’s algorithm.Conclusions: Physicians performing diagnostic or therapeutic procedures with contrast agents must be aware of the risk, preventability & treatment so that reactions can be prevented. Sensitization of physicians is required to increase reporting of adverse drug reactions occurred due to radiocontrast agents.
Correlation between placental location and development of preeclampsia
Authors: Uikey Prashaant , Gurwani Vaishali , Tajne Megha
Published: October 2019

Background: Preeclampsia occurs in presence of placenta. Blood supply distribution within the uterus is not similar in central versus lateral sites implicating that, the site of placenta is likely to have a profound eﬀect on the pregnancy outcome. In the light of these observations, a prospective study was designed to find out if the lateral location of placenta as seen by ultrasound between 18-24 weeks of gestation can be used to predict the development of preeclampsia.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in IGGMC, Nagpur between January 2017 and June 2018. Pregnant women, with singleton pregnancy and without any risk factor, attending the antenatal clinic were subjected to USG between 18-24 weeks of gestation. Accordingly, patients were divided into 2 groups, 51 with lateral placenta and 51 with central placenta. All 102 women were followed till term. The end point of the study was development of preeclampsia i.e. BP >140/90 and urine albumin >300 mg in 24 hours sample. The data obtained was analysed using appropriate statistical tests.Results: Out of 102 patients, 80.9% were from lateral placenta group and only 19.1% were from central placenta. Sensitivity of this as screening test for preeclampsia was 80.9% while specificity was 58%, Odds ratio being 5.875. In predicting preeclampsia, lateral placenta had a meaningful effect with p value <0.001.Conclusions: Placental laterality, as determined by USG between 18-24 weeks of gestation, is a simple and cost-effective screening test for development of preeclampsia.
Needs, beliefs and barriers for contraceptive use among women in a low resource setting in Tamil Nadu: a qualitative study
Authors: Naveen Thacker S. , Rahman Sajitha M. F. , Mukherjee Pavan , . Augustine , David Kirubah V. , Pricilla Ruby A.
Published: October 2019

Background: The decline in fertility rate based on the National Health Profile is attributed to the choice of permanent sterilisation as the preferred method of contraception among Indian women. The uptake of spacing methods has declined over the years in many parts of India related to low awareness about options other than sterilisation. Hence understanding the needs, beliefs and barriers of women regarding contraceptive use can identify the factors behind their choice of contraceptive methods. This study aims to explore the needs, beliefs and barriers of women in using different methods of contraception in a low-resource area of urban Vellore, Tamil Nadu.Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in three underserved areas of urban Vellore served by the secondary care hospital of a private academic institution. A descriptive qualitative method was chosen. Focus group discussion was carried out among study participants. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data.Results: The need for contraceptive use was felt after completing the families determining the type of method chosen. Fear of impending side-effects of commonly available spacing methods of contraception limited their use. The results highlight the forceful use of intra-uterine device among study participants reflecting the incentive-based family planning services implemented in most Indian states.Conclusions: Our study reinforces that neither the availability of contraceptives nor forceful implementation of policies will increase the utilisation of contraceptives. There is a need for community-based education on the indications, types and side-effects of reversible methods of contraception.
A prospective study of thyroid dysfunction in dysfunctional uterine bleeding
Authors: M. Chaithra , S. Anitha G. , C. Savitha
Published: October 2019

Background: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is abnormal uterine bleeding in the absence of any palpable pelvic pathology and demonstrable extra genital causes. Thyroid dysfunction is the systemic disease most often associated with abnormal uterine bleeding. Aim was to evaluate thyroid function test in women with DUB; to assess bleeding pattern in thyroid dysfunction.Methods: Prospective observational study was done in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Vanivilas hospital, Bangalore from august 2018 to July 2019. Pre structured and predesigned proforma filled. All routine blood investigations including serum T3, T4, TSH, USG were advised. These patients were categorized as euthyroid, subclinical hypothyroid, hypothyroid or hyperthyroid based on thyroid profile.Results: 0.5% belonged to the age group of 31-40 years, prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism is 11%, there were 5.5% of cases of hypothyroidism and 1.5% case of hyperthyroidism.Conclusions: Thyroid screening must be done mandatory for all the cases of DUB and prompt response to treatment with thyroxine would avoid unnecessary surgeries, hormonal treatment, and associated comorbities.
Laparoscopic management of cervical and endometrial cancer in Africa: experience of the National Hospital Centre of Pikine
Authors: Diallo Moussa , Diouf Abdoul Aziz , Niass Aminata , Diallo Astou Coly Niassy , Gombet Cyr Esperence , Mbaye Magatte , Biaye Babacar , Coulbary Sophie , Niang Mori , Sene Codou , Dia Anna , Diouf Alassane
Published: October 2019

Background: Laparotomy represents the standard historical surgical approach to these cancers. Process of treatment of benign adnexal pathologies to the emergence of a new pathway for the management of these cancerous pathologies.Methods: Our prospective study from December 2016 to December 2018 included 10 patients with early-stage uterine cancer and endometrial cancer confirmed by MRI. The characteristics of patients, their cancer, their intervention and morbidity were revealed.Results: Our results show that the average age of the patients was 63 years; There were 2 cases of cervical cancer and 8 cases of endometrial cancer. For cervical cancer, it was essentially squamous cell carcinoma; one patient was at stage Ia2 and the other at stage Ib1. For endometrial cancers, squamous cell carcinoma was 80%; 6 patients were in stage IB and 2 in stage IC. Of the 10 patients undergoing surgery, 9 had laparoscopic colpohysterectomy and lymphadectomy and one complementary laparoscopic lymphadenectomy. The average number of lymph nodes removed was 9 and no lymph node metastasis was found. In the immediate postoperative period, one patient had transient urinary incontinence and another had vaginal slice lymphorhea.Conclusions: The main interest of this practice is to be the least morbid possible for patients at the early stage. With our short experience, we obtained a reduction in operating time, a reduction in hospital stay, a decrease in the consumption of analgesics and antibiotics postoperatively and a reduction in per and postoperative complications.
A clinical study of preterm labour
Authors: Patil Prachi , Singh Richa , Gopal Sriram
Published: October 2019

Background: There has been a rising incidence of preterm labour in India. Preterm labour poses greater risks of morbidity and mortality of the preterm neonates. Various factors contribute towards risk of preterm labour and its outcome. Addressing these factors appropriately improves the outcome in pregnant women.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynaecology from the period of July 2017 to July 2018.Results: The present study was in 98 patients admitted in our hospital with preterm labour. Clinical profile of those patients was studied. Statistically significant association was found between administration of antibiotics and tocolysis in prolongation of pregnancy (p value=0.00). There was an association found between gestational age at birth and immediate neonatal outcome (p value=0.00). Preterm labour was more common in multigravidae (62.4%) and women with cervical length less than 3 cm (85.17%).Conclusions: Preterm labour can be expected more commonly in multigravidae, pregnant women with cervical length less than 3 cm and in presence of high-risk factors. Anticipation of preterm labour, judicious use of antibiotics, tocolytics can improve the outcome of preterm labour.
A comparative study of using temporalis fascia autograft and dehydrated temporal fascia homograft in tympanoplasty
Authors: Bamaniya Hemendra , Ajmera Padam Chand
Published: October 2019

Background: The objective of the present study was to compare the results of tympanoplasty operations performed using autograft temporalis fascia with those of dehydrated temporalis fascia homograft.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department of ENT of Pacific Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur in duration from February 2014 to January 2015. The study included 90 patients of chronic suppurative otitis media with dry, central perforation of tympanic membrane. The patients were divided into two groups with 45 members in each group. In group A, temporalis fascia autograft was used and in group B, dehydrated temporalis fascia homograft was used for tympanoplasty. Results were evaluated in terms of graft uptake rate and hearing improvement.  

Results: There were 50 male and 40 female patients in the study. Most of the patients (43.33%) were of the age group 21-30 years, followed by age group 31-40 years (24.44%). Post-operatively, 95.55% patients in group A and 91.11% patients in group B showed successful graft uptake. Mean preoperative AB gap in group A patients was 31.46±6.78 dB which was reduced to 13.01±5.61 dB postoperatively. Similarly, in group B patients, AB gap was reduced from 29.81±5.99 to 12.92±6.01 dB postoperatively. No statistically significant difference was observed between groups while comparing pre and postoperative AB gap.

Conclusions: The results of tympanoplasty done by using either homograft or autograft were the same so dehydrated temporalis fascia homograft can be used as an alternative graft material with the same success rate wherever possible with the advantage of reduction in duration of surgery.
Traumatic perforations of tympanic membrane: a study of sixty patients
Authors: Gupta Anchal , Jamwal Padam Singh
Published: October 2019

Background: Traumatic perforation of the tympanic membrane can lead to hearing loss. This study was undertaken to study the etiology of traumatic tympanic membrane perforations.

Methods: This hospital based retrospective observational study was conducted in the department of ENT, SMGS Hospital, Jammu from January 2018 to January 2019. A detailed clinical and otoscopic examination was done and symptoms noted. Tuning fork tests and pure tone audiometry was done in all the patients. Tympanic membrane perforations were visualized using otoscope or examination under microscope was done. A conservative management approach was adopted, except for those with bloody or watery discharge who received oral/systemic antibiotics to prevent infections.  

Results: 60 patients were included in the study. Maximum patients were in the age group of 21-40 years accounting for 56.7% patients. The male to female ratio was 1.4:1. The most common complaint was tinnitus (90%), followed by pain in ear (81.6%), hearing loss (56.7%), aural fullness (45%), ear bleed (16.7%) and vertigo (5%). The most common etiology was physical assault by slaps and blows to ear (40%), followed by instrumentation (syringing and foreign body removal). In 40 (66.67%), left ear was involved whereas in 20 (33.33%) right ear was involved. 51 (85%) patients showed spontaneous healing within 3 months whereas 9 (15%) showed no healing and these 15% patients underwent tympanoplasty at the end of 3 months.

Conclusions: Traumatic tympanic membrane perforations have a very good prognosis if they are treated at a right time.
Bilateral vocal cord paresis as a rare complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a case report for the attention of endoscopist
Authors: Paniselvam Vinota , Nordin Ahmad
Published: October 2019

Bilateral vocal cord paresis is an extremely rare complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with no case reported prior to this. We present a case of a 38 years old gentleman who suddenly developed aphonia and aspiration symptoms following ERCP. A rigid laryngoscopy done showed adductor paresis of bilateral vocal cords causing his symptoms, which was presumed to be a complication of the ERCP. He was treated conservatively and clinically improved with time. The present case report emphasizes that bilateral vocal cord paresis could occur as a complication of ERCP.
Rhabdomyoma of the tongue base
Authors: Vahl Julius M. , Baumann Lisa , Hoffmann Thomas K.
Published: October 2019

Extracardiac rhabdomyoma is a very rare condition with potentially multifocal manifestations including the head and neck region. We present a case of an 81-year-old patient who presented as a medical emergency because of ambiguous, progressive throat pain and dysphagia. After diagnostic work up including magnetic resonance (MR) scan and biopsy a rhabdomyoma of the tongue base was diagnosed. The tumor was completely excised by transoral laser microsurgery and the patient’s symptoms vanished. This case report is described in context of the current literature with a discussion of diagnostic steps and treatment options of rhabdomyoma in the head and neck region. Rhabdomyoma is a rare, but nevertheless relevant differential diagnosis of head and neck tumors.
Failure of femoral neck fracture fixation in younger patients
Authors: Soeharno Henry , Silva Amila Nirmal , Tay Adriel , Koon Wong Merng
Published: October 2019

Background: Failure of femoral neck fracture fixation in younger patients frequently lead to significant morbidity. This study aims to evaluate the associated risk factors, to help achieve better outcomes.

Methods: Records of 25 men and 6 women aged 23 to 50 (mean, 39.8) years who underwent fixation for femoral neck fractures using cancellous screws (n=29), a dynamic hip screw (n=1), or a locking plate (n=1) were reviewed. Patients with or without fixation failure were compared.

Results: The mean follow-up period was 28.4 (range, 24–38) months. Of the 31 patients, 24 had bone union and 7 had fixation failure secondary to non-union (n=1), screw cut-out (n=4), and avascular necrosis (n=2). The Revised Trauma Score on admission was 4 in one patient with fixation failure and >6 in all other patients. Comparing patients with or without fixation failure, excess alcohol consumption (5/7 vs. 6/24, p=0.024), smoking (6/7 vs. 9/24, p=0.025), and operative time in minutes (57±16 vs 108±58, p=0.00004), fracture type of OTA 31 B2 or 31 B3 (7/7 vs. 14/24, p=0.027) were significant risk factors.

Conclusions: Excess alcohol consumption, smoking, operative time >85 minutes, and displaced fractures were risk factors for femoral neck fixation failure.
Is the femoral neck-shaft angle an independent risk factor for hip fractures? An observational study
Authors: Obande Bernard O. , Iyidobi Emmanuel C. , Eyichukwu Gabriel O. , Nwadinigwe Cajetan U. , Ekwunife Remigus T. , Ede Osita
Published: October 2019

Background: The femoral neck-shaft angle (FNSA) has been implicated in the aetiology of hip fractures. The longer moment arm of a higher FNSA has been theorized to impart a greater deforming force to the greater trochanter, which may cause a hip fracture.

Methods: A prospective study that involves adults with hip fractures and a control group matched for age and sex. The FNSA of both groups were measured on an anteroposterior X-ray of the pelvis. The mean FNSA were compared with a paired samples t-test, and a binary logistic regression analysis was run with the FNSA as a predictor variable and the presence of hip fracture as an outcome variable.

Results: A total of 150 patients were recruited for the study, 75 per group. The mean age of patients with hip fractures was 71.30 years (S.D.=14.34), and that of the control group was 73.94 years (S.D.=12.55), p=0.264. The mean FNSA of the study group was 133.96o (S.D.=3.77) while that of the control group was 131.05o (S.D.=3.86), p<0.001. Increasing FNSA imparts a higher risk of having a hip fracture, O.R.=1.24 (95% C.I, 1.12-1.37).

Conclusions: Individuals with higher FNSA demonstrated a significantly increased risk of developing hip fractures. However, the exact cut-off point of the FNSA, which predisposes to the risk of these fractures, remains to be elucidated. 
Bilateral neglected Blount’s disease in an adult patient: a rare case report
Authors: Temani Rahul , Harshvardhan Hemeshwar , Khicher Ashwini Kumar , Bansal Priyanka
Published: October 2019

Blount’s disease is more common in Afro-Caribbean, obese, female child. Early walking have been associated with the disease process. Adult patients with Blount’s disease who received no treatment previously, are rarely reported across the other parts of the world and hence less discussed. The treatment of neglected cases of Blount’s disease often requires correction of varus deformity, internal tibial torsion and medial plateau depression. We are reporting one such patient seen at our hospital. A skeletally mature, obese (BMI 43.2), male patient with bilateral tibia vara was operated for hemi-plateau elevation combined with a valgus osteotomy. Fixation was achieved with plate and staples. Surgical correction of one such patient is technically demanding and more complicated. If left untreated , the main risk is premature osteoarthritis.
Estudio cualitativo sobre prácticas de riesgo y de cuidado en escenarios nocturnos de presencia masiva de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires
Authors: Schmidt Vanina , Martucci Florencia , Di Puglia Gabriela , Lo Giusto Ornella , Rijana Ignacio , Alvarez Iturain Analia
Published: October 2019

El objetivo del presente estudio fue indagar las prácticas de cuidado y de riesgo que se despliegan en escenarios nocturnos de presencia masiva de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Asimismo, se indagaron los motivos percibidos para el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Para ello se entrevistó a 16 jóvenes de entre 21 a 35 años de edad. Los datos fueron analizados siguiendo la propuesta de la teoría fundamentada y con el soporte del programa Atlas.Ti. Se analizaron prácticas individuales, prácticas grupales, y a nivel del entorno. Entre las prácticas de riesgo se mencionaron con frecuencia la disponibilidad de las sustancias, la ingesta excesiva y las mezclas. Respecto de las prácticas de cuidado, se destacó el valor del grupo al mantenerse todos juntos y brindar ayuda a sus miembros. Se discuten las implicancias prácticas de estos resultados, y se presentan las limitaciones y líneas futuras de investigación.
Molekularne podstawy organizacji chromatyny bakteryjnej
Authors: Kołodziej Marta , Zakrzewska-Czerwińska Jolanta , Hołówka Joanna
Published: October 2019

Advances in high resolution microscopy techniques and development of high throughput DNA analyses allow to reconsider the views concerning bacterial chromosome (nucleoid). Recent reports show that nucleoid exhibits a hierarchical organization, similarly to the eukaryotic chromatin. However, bacterial chromosome undergoes constant modifications and topological rearrangements due to the ongoing DNA replication, transcription and translation processes. Organization of dynamic and highly compacted nucleoid structure depends on physical factors acting on chromosome molecule inside small cell compartment, and is a consequence of action of many different DNA-binding proteins. The main goal of this review is to present the recent reports on bacterial chromatin structure and to elucidate the physical and molecular factors influencing its intracellular organization.
Wykrywanie mykoplazm urogenitalnych w próbkach klinicznych
Authors: Andrzejczak-Grządko Sylwia , Dolińska Izabela
Published: October 2019

Urogenital mycoplasmas belonging to Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma genera, are both commensal and pathogenic microorganisms. The gold standard for their detection in clinical samples is culture and identification based on biochemical tests. However, this method is time-consuming and not very specific. Detection of mycoplasmas using PCR allows for assigning not only to the genus, but also to the species. In this study, 100 clinical samples were analyzed to identify M. hominis, M. genitalium, U. parvum and U. urealyticum, using both biochemical and molecular methods. The presented results confirm the low specificity of biochemical tests and the higher detection efficiency of individual species using molecular methods.
NEW ASPECTS OF RUSSIAN NATIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF PEACEFUL WAR
Authors: V. Krylova Irina , A. Medianik Igor , Y. Mekhanikov Vadim , A. Panarin Roman , V. Polikarpova Elena , S. Uleschenko Dmitry
Published: October 2019

Abstract Purpose: The aim of the present article is to identify new dangers and threats posed by the state of peaceful war, which is inherent in the information network society, as well as corresponding to these threats’ new aspects of Russia's national security. Methodology: As research methodology we use an interdisciplinary research strategy, a topological approach, a synergy paradigm, the concept of the Internet of things, the theory of cultural-historical psychology, the concept of positive construction of social reality, propositions of quantum sociology, the concept of “peaceful war” (“hybrid war”, “multidimensional war”), strategies and methods for implementing the systemic nature of Russia's national security. Result: The result is that new aspects of Russia's national security, connected with the “peaceful war”, peculiarities of the impact of new information and communication technologies (ICT) and the Internet of Things as a global computing system (network of networks) on human consciousness, giving specific features to the system of security, and, first of all, its information, psychological, military, cultural and educational components, are shown for the first time. Applications: The application of interdisciplinary, topological and synergistic approaches makes it possible to find out the peculiarities of the impact of ICT and Internet of Things on human consciousness, which functions in accordance with the Mobius band metaphor. Novelty/Originality: The scientific novelty consists in an attempt to apply the concept of “peaceful war”, encompassing all spheres of public life, in order to develop an adequate system for ensuring Russia's national security.
Demonstration of Effect of Oak Root Extract on Burn Wounds in Rats
Authors: BAYKAN Halit , SENEL Fatma
Published: October 2019

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether oak
root extract has protective role on burn injuries by using quantitative and
histopathological approaches.

Material and method: The study was conducted on 16 adult Sprague-Dawley
rats aged 8 weeks (weighing 350 g). The rats were assigned into 2 groups
including: group 1 consisting of rats employed as controls and group 2 in which
rats received oak root extract. After shaving dorsum of rats, second degree
burn injury was created at the right and left sides of the line representing
vertebral column in both groups. Wound care was provided by using normal saline
in group 1, while it was provided by using oat root extract in group 2. The
right side was used for macroscopic evaluations, while left side was used for histopathological
examination through biopsy samples obtained on the days 1, 3, 7 and 17. On the
day 17, the rats were sacrificed under ketamine anesthesia. Cutaneous tissue
samples were taken and macroscopic measurements were made by using a grid
paper. Edema, neovascularization, inflammatory cell infiltration and
re-epithelization were assessed on the histopathological examination.  

Results: When compared to the control group, it was seen that the extent of burn
area was reduced and that degree of neovascularization, inflammatory cell
infiltration and re-epithelization was increased with decreased edema was
(p<0.001). Keywords: Burn, oak root extract, healing, rat Özet:Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı ratlarda yanık yarası üzerine kantitatif, ve
histopatolojik yaklaşımlarla meşe kökü ekstresinin koruyucu rolu olup
olmadığını belirlemektir.Materyal ve metod: Çalışmaya 16 adet, 8 haftalık erişkin ve 350
gram ağırlığında Spraque-Dawley rat alındı ve ratlar iki gruba ayrıldı; grup 1:
kontrol grubu,  grup 2; meşe ekstresi
uygulanan grup. Ratların sırt bölgesi traşlandıktan sonra columna vertebralisin
olduğu hat işaretlenip sağ ve solunda kalan bölgeye 2. derece temas yanığı
oluşturuldu. Grup 1 yanık alanı serum fizyolojik, Grup 2’ de ise meşe ekstresi
ile günlük pansuman yapıldı. Her bir ratın sırtındaki sağ bölge makroskopik,
sol bölge ise histopatolojik inceleme (1. 3. 7. ve 17. günlerde alınan biyopsi)
için kullanıldı.  17. gün de ratlar
ketamin anestezi altında iken sakrifiye edildi ve cilt doku örnekleri alındı ve
makroskopik olarak milimetrik kağıt ile ölçüm yapıldı. Histopatolojik
incelemede ödem, neovaskülarizasyon, enflamatuar hücre infiltrasyonu ve
re-epitelizasyon değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Meşe ekstresi uygulanan grup, kontrol
grubu ile karşılaştrıldığında yanık alanın azaldığı, neovaskülarizasyon, enflamatuar
hücre ve re-epitelizasyon derecesinin arttığı, ödemin ise azaldığı görüldü
(p<0.001). Sonuç: Meşe kökü ekstresinin yanık yarasının iyileşmesinde etkili olduğu
görüldü.

Anahtar kelimeler: Yanık, meşe kökü ekstresi, iyileşme, rat,
O PROCESSO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO E LETRAMENTO DOS ALUNOS DA EJA: UM OLHAR ATENTO ÀS DIFERENÇAS
Authors: Hilario Micleiton dos Santos , Casagrande Samira
Published: October 2019

Suscitar uma discussão nos meios educacionais e não educacionais sobre a Educação de Jovens e Adultos é urgente e fundamental. Mesmo que se tenha a consciência da obrigatoriedade da educação, uma parcela da população ainda é excluída do sistema regular de ensino e da sociedade, pois o analfabeto sofre com atitudes preconceituosas nas práticas sociais. Optou-se por este tema por considerá-lo de extrema importância aos olhos de quem acredita e luta por uma educação justa e igualitária e ainda por não ser uma questão muito explícita na sociedade. Assim, trazer a problemática a ser pensada na situação em que se encontram os alunos da EJA na sociedade torna-se imprescindível. A metodologia escolhida para este estudo é a pesquisa de campo com um roteiro composto de cinco perguntas, com o objetivo geral de analisar como os alunos da EJA se percebem alfabetizados e letrados dentro de suas diferenças. Este trabalho traz pontos de discussão teórica a respeito das dificuldades, preconceito e a alfabetização e letramento dos alunos jovens e adultos, mostrando como se perceberam alfabetizados com suas especificidades e como enfrentaram o preconceito ao voltarem à escola depois de anos. Em suma, a partir das leituras e da pesquisa feita com os pesquisados pode-se perceber que, mesmo com tantas dificuldades e desafios os impedindo de seguir em busca dos seus objetivos, os alunos se mostraram vitoriosos e provaram que é possível se alfabetizar dentro de suas diferenças.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação de jovens e adultos. Alfabetização e letramento. Preconceito.
“A CRIANÇA BRINCA E APRENDE”: AS FALAS DOS PAIS/RESPONSÁVEIS SOBRE BRINCAR NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Alves Paulo Henrique , Camargo Gislene
Published: October 2019

Este artigo retrata os entendimentos dos pais/responsáveis sobre o brincar na Educação Infantil. O problema “Qual a visão dos pais/responsáveis em relação à importância do brincar na Educação Infantil? ”, surgiu em decorrência do estágio não obrigatório, em que se ouvia considerações dos pais a respeito do brincar, e entendeu-se a necessidade de pesquisar sobre o assunto. O objetivo geral foi analisar as falas/entendimentos dos pais/responsáveis sobre o brincar na Educação Infantil, colocando em destaque seus conhecimentos acerca do tema. Definiu-se então os objetivos específicos: Estudar sobre a importância de as crianças brincarem na Educação Infantil; Compreender a importância do brincar para o desenvolvimento da criança na Educação Infantil; Identificar a questão do brincar na visão dos pais/responsáveis; Relacionar as práticas do brincar na escola e em casa; Investigar se na visão dos pais/responsáveis as crianças vão à escola só para brincar. Para legitimar o estudo realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo, tendo a característica exploratória descritiva, por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram sete pais/responsáveis com filhos/filhas na Educação Infantil na cidade de Criciúma/SC. A análise dos dados teve como referencial teórico FANTIN (2000); ANTUNHA (2002); MUNIZ (1999); ZAGO (2012), entre outros. Os entendimentos dos pais/responsáveis sobre o brincar, indicam que brincar é uma aprendizagem, suas respostas afirmam que brincando a criança se socializa, se envolve, cria, imagina, e se desenvolve. Consideram que brincar na Educação infantil é de suma importância.PALAVRAS CHAVE: Educação Infantil. Brincar. Pais/Responsáveis.
INFLUÊNCIAS DO PIBID/SUBPROJETO INTERDISCIPLINAR NA ESCOLHA DE ATUAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL DO PEDAGOGO
Authors: Rocha Priscila da Silva , Bittencourt Ricardo Luiz de
Published: October 2019

Esse artigo pretende analisar como a participação no Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência (Pibid) pode influenciar na escolha do campo de atuação profissional do acadêmico de Pedagogia. O contato dos pedagogos com as áreas em que é possível atuar acontece dentro e fora da universidade, essencialmente nas escolas, através do estágio obrigatório ou não obrigatório, e também em projetos institucionais como o Pibid. Essa escolha e a preferência do campo profissional pode ser justificada nas experiências proporcionadas ao acadêmico durante a graduação como sugere a pesquisa. Autores como Nóvoa (1992/2009), Tardif (2000/2002) e García (1999) embasam as reflexões sobre a formação docente, principalmente construída dentro da própria profissão. Os objetivos específicos se definiram em responder a importância do Pibid na formação inicial, quais as contribuições do curso de Magistério para a formação do pedagogo e investigar como acontece a escolha da área de atuação do pedagogo. A pesquisa questionou cinco acadêmicos de diferentes fases do curso de Pedagogia, que foram bolsistas do Pibid Subprojeto Interdisciplinar no curso de Magistério. O estudo apontou que a participação neste programa influencia na escolha da área de atuação porque permite ao acadêmico vivenciar experiências da realidade escolar, e também por ser uma proposta desenvolvida em um curso de formação de professores.PALAVRAS CHAVE: Pedagogia. Pibid. Formação de professores.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Chaluh Laura Noemi
Published: October 2019

Editorial
FORMAÇÃO INICIAL DOCENTE NO CONTEXTO DO PIBID E O TRABALHO COM PORTFÓLIOS
Authors: De Freitas Mariane , Junges Kelen dos Santos
Published: October 2019

A formação docente pode e precisa perpassar, para além da academia, a reflexão sobre a própria formação universitária, a fim de entender e articular o que se refere como mister ao novo perfil dos educadores para a educação básica. Para tanto, a pesquisa tem como objetivo geral analisar o uso do portfólio como estratégia formativa de bolsistas do PIBID do curso de Pedagogia da Unespar/Câmpus de União da Vitória. A metodologia adotada é de cunho bibliográfico e de campo. O referencial teórico abordou o uso do portfólio enquanto recurso de aprendizagem docente. A pesquisa de campo contou com um questionário contemplado por questões abertas e fechadas, que foi respondido por dez acadêmicos do curso de Pedagogia da Unespar/Câmpus de União da Vitória, bolsistas do subprojeto denominado “Projeto Mão Amiga”- Capes/PIBID. Foram selecionados como sujeitos apenas acadêmicos bolsistas atuantes há mais de um ano nesse subprojeto. Os respondentes da pesquisa afirmaram que o portfólio é um importante recurso nas mãos dos professores, uma metodologia que propicia planejar, executar e avaliar o processo de ensino e, ainda, olhar de forma crítica e reflexiva para os sujeitos que nele estão envolvidos, de forma a observar dificuldades e/ou potencialidades.
CONHECIMENTO DOS PROFISSIONAIS DE EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL SOBRE O TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA
Authors: Oliveira-Franco Carine Ramos de , Rodrigues Olga Maria Piazentin Rolim
Published: October 2019

O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) se caracteriza por afetar o desenvolvimento neurológico gerando prejuízos nas áreas de comunicação social e manifestação de padrões restritos de interesses e atividades. Diante de um aumento de casos deste transtorno na população. Este estudo visou investigar o conhecimento sobre o TEA, a experiência com este transtorno ao longo da carreira na educação, as decisões a serem tomadas ao identificar sinais de TEA em uma criança, as solicitações a serem feitas caso recebam um aluno com TEA e a opinião destes sobre a importância do diagnóstico precoce para a Educação Infantil. Participaram do estudo 170 profissionais da Educação Municipal Infantil Integrada (EMEII) de um município do interior do São Paulo. Os principais resultados obtidos sinalizam um desconhecimento geral dos aspectos que definem e caracterizam uma criança com TEA, ainda que a maioria dos participantes (55,29%) afirmou ter convivido com um indivíduo com TEA em sua carreira na educação. E que as estratégias adotadas ao identificarem sinais de TEA em uma criança eram ineficazes. Conclui-se que tais dados indicam a necessidade de formação mínima sobre o tema para que possam oferecer um atendimento educacional de qualidade a estas crianças.
Umowy prawa cywilnego jako podstawa zatrudnienia – wybrane zagadnienia
Authors: Ludera-Ruszel Agata
Published: October 2019

Przedmiotem niniejszego opracowania jest kwestia wykorzystywania umów prawa cywilnego jako podstawy świadczenia pracy. Ze względu na istniejące w obowiązującym ustawodawstwie różnice w prawnym unormowaniu zatrudnienia pracowniczego i niepracowniczego stosowanie umów cywilnych w stosunkach zatrudnienia pociąga za sobą doniosłe skutki społeczne. Równocześnie kwestia ta pozostaje niezwykle aktualna ze względu na utrzymującą się skalę zjawiska zawierania umów cywilnoprawnych w miejsce tradycyjnie zawieranych umów o pracę. Z uwagi na ograniczone ramy opracowania podjęte rozważania koncentrują się na wybranych aspektach zatrudnienia na podstawie umów prawa cywilnego.
Szczególne problemy ubezpieczenia społecznego zleceniobiorców w kontekście braku bezwzględnego obowiązku osobistego świadczenia pracy przez zleceniobiorcę
Authors: Ceglarska-Jóźwiak Joanna
Published: October 2019

W artykule przedstawione zostały specyficzne problemy ubezpieczenia społecznego zleceniobiorców wynikające z braku bezwzględnego obowiązku osobistego świadczenia pracy przez zleceniobiorcę. Analizie poddane zostały sytuacje, w których zleceniobiorca wykonuje zlecenie przy pomocy osoby trzeciej lub jest przez tę osobę zastępowany. Omówiono skutki korzystania przez zleceniobiorcę z pomocy innych osób w sferze ubezpieczenia społecznego dla samego zleceniobiorcy oraz jego pomocnika, podwykonawcy lub substytuta. Została również omówiona konstrukcja osoby współpracującej przy wykonywaniu umowy zlecenia.
Jak chronić prawa podstawowe własnych obywateli w sytuacji prymatu prawa unijnego? Garść refleksji na kanwie orzecznictwa FSK i TSUE dotyczącego Europejskiego Nakazu Aresztowania (ENA)
Authors: Soloch Bartosz
Published: October 2019

Orzeczenie niemieckiego Federalnego Trybunału Konstytucyjnego (FSK) z 14 grudnia 2015 r. w sprawie Identitätskontrolle ma kluczowe znaczenie dla rozumienia granic możliwości ochrony krajowych praw podstawowych w Unii Europejskiej. FSK de facto przeprowadził w nim kontrolę zgodności wynikającego z prawa Unii Europejskiej obowiązku bezwarunkowego wykonania Europejskiego Nakazu Aresztowania (ENA) z konstytucyjnymi gwarancjami ochrony prawa do godności, ostatecznie jednak dochodząc do wniosku, że gwarancje konstytucyjne zasadniczo pokrywają się z unijnymi. Wydając swoje orzeczenie, choć było ono ewidentnie różne od dotychczasowego orzecznictwa TSUE na temat ENA, FSK stwierdził brak potrzeby zadania pytania prejudycjalnego. Pomimo to, w ewidentny sposób orzeczenie to wpłynęło na późniejszy rozwój orzecznictwa TSUE, przede wszystkim na wyrok w sprawie Aranyosi i Căldăraru. Ponadto wydaje się, że w znacznym stopniu wpłynęło ono także na dalszą dynamikę relacji pomiędzy krajowymi sądami konstytucyjnymi a TSUE w zakresie ochrony praw podstawowych. Tym samym można nawet posunąć się do stwierdzenia, że ma ono kluczowe znaczenie dla zrozumienia dynamiki procesu dialogu sądowego wewnątrz UE.
BUCCAL EPITELIUM CYTOGENETIC STATUS IN SCHOOLCHILDREN LIVING IN HIGH AND MIDDLE LATITUDES
Authors: Petrashova D. A.
Published: October 2019

The Russian northern regions development is associated with the extraction and processing of natural resources, which leads to environmental pollution and makes the task of sanitary-hygienic monitoring relevant. Buccal micronucleus cytome assay is one of the toxicological methods for human population studies. Studies on the inter-latitudinal comparison of Buccal micronucleus cytome assay are lacking, therefore there are difficulties in comparing the results obtained in the Russian Arctic with data from more southern regions. The aim of this study is to compare cytogenetic abnormalities in the buccal epithelium in two groups of older schoolchildren living in high and middle latitudes. The study was conducted in the city of Apatity (Murmansk region, 67 ° 34′03 ″ N, 33 ° 23′36 ″ E) and the city of Serpukhov (Moscow region, 54 ° 54 ‘56 ″ N, 37 ° 24 ‘40 “E). A total of 61 children were examined: 41 children from the Apatity and 20 children from the Serpukhov (16-18 years old). The Buccal micronucleus cytome assay was carried out according to an international protocol. It was shown that the average frequency values of the cells with micronucleus in the comparison groups of schoolchildren living in high and middle latitudes did not significantly differ and did not exceed the values for the average population norm. The frequency of cells with nuclear buds and two nucleus was significantly higher in the group of schoolchildren living in middle latitudes, which, in turn, is compensated by a higher rate of elimination of cells with impaired. Therefore, when comparing Buccal micronucleus cytome assay data, it is quite possible not to take into account the breadth of the studied groups.
CHANGES OF CYTOKINE PROFILE IN THE BLOOD OF PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ANEMIA
Authors: Shahverdiyeva Ilaha Jamshid , Guliyev M. R. , Narimanova G. V. , Kerimova I. A.
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the level of serum cytokines in different periods of pregnancy associated with anemia. 85 pregnant patients with anemia were examined. 46 of them were in their first pregnancy (1st group), and 39 (2nd group) patients were in their second or further pregnancy period. The comparison group consisted of 19 pregnant women without anemia. The level of hemoglobin and serum iron were determined by using colorimetric method, as well as the level of cytokines IL-2, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The results showed a significant decrease in hemoglobin and serum iron level in the blood of pregnant women with anemia, significant increase in proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-2 and IL-8, and a significant decrease in IL-10 compared with pregnant women without anemia were also detected. The most pronounced changes in the cytokine profile were observed in the third trimester and during second or futher pregnancy, which is caused by the progression of anemia.
LIPOLYSIS IN VERY LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS - LOCUS MINORIS RESISTENTIAE - IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA. POSITIVE EFFECTS OF DIET, POLYENIC FATTY ACIDS, STATINS AND FIBRATES
Authors: Titov V. N. , Rozhkova T. A. , Amelyshkina V. A. , Kukharchuk V. V. , Kotlovsky M. Yu. , Yakimenko A. V. , Kurdoyak E. V.
Published: October 2019

Inhibition of hydrolysis of palmitic and oleic triglycedires (TG) in very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), slow formation of active apoВ-100 conformation, blockade of апоЕ/В-100 ligand formation in VLDL and their reduced uptake by insulin-dependent cells cause hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). Palmitic and oleic VLDL (>80% total VLDL) are not converted in low density lipoproteins (LDL). Atherosclerosis is not an alimentary deficiency of polyenic fatty acids (PFA), but results from low in vivo bioavailability of PFA in LDL against the background of high dietary palmitic FA and palmitic LDL. Plasma PFA content and cellular PFA deficiency are as high as LDL cholesterol (CL). Primary prevention of atherosclerosis should be based on a decrease in dietary content of palmitic saturated FA, trans FA and a moderate increase in PFA. It seems highly unlikely that the xeobiotics statins, fibrates and probucol produce pleiotropic biological effects in vivo. These effects are brought about by phylogenetically early humoral mediators eicosanoids: prostacyclins, prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, and resolvins. It is reasonable to suggest that all preparations which act according to the same algorithm activate TG hydrolysis in VLDL and normalize cellular uptake of PFA in linoleic and linolenic LDL via apoВ-100 endocytosis. Atherosclerosis is a syndrome of cellular deficiency of essential polyenic FA.
SALIVA AS HIGHLY INFORMATIVE SUBSTRATE FOR NON-INVASIVE ANALYSIS OF LIPOPEROXIDE PROCESSES AND MUSCLE DAMAGE IN HIQHLY SKILLED ATHLETES
Authors: Ovchinnikov A. N. , Deryugina A. V.
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the investigation was to study the efficiency of measuring markers of oxidative stress and muscle damage in the oral fluid in highly skilled sportsmen under physical exercise for the assessment of their functional state. 70 highly qualified athletes at the age of 16-20 years specializing in the cyclic kinds of sports (track and field, swimming) took part in the investigation. Sportsmen performed the control test which consisted of the series of 3×100 m distances by a flat race with an active 45 s rest between them for the track and field athletes, and 4×50 m by the main swimming style with an active rest between the distances also for 45 s for the swimmers. Activity of creatine kinase, content of lipid peroxidation products in the blood and oral fluid were measured standard biochemical methods. The performance of the functional tests induces the excessive accumulation of toxic products of lipoperoxidation and increases activity of creatine kinase in the oral fluid of highly qualified athletes. Correlation analysis shows, that the intensity of free radical and peroxide processes in athletes can be evaluated by means of the method of measuring the content of lipid peroxidation products in the oral fluid.
STUDY OF THE QUANTITY OF INTERLEUKIN-6 BY SDS-PAAG ELECTROPHORESIS AND IMMUNO-ENZYME ANALYSIS IN MIXED SALIVA AFTER RINSING THE ORAL CAVITY WITH OLIGONUCLEOTIDE SPECIFIC BY INTERLEUKIN-6
Authors: Yanushevish O. O. , Dukhovskaya H. E. , Ostrovskaya I. G. , Vavilova T. P. , Akhmedov G. D. , Novikova T. M. , Shashkovskaya B. C. , Spiridonova V. A.
Published: October 2019

The selective properties of a solution of oligonucleotide specific to IL-6 on the concentration of IL-6 in mixed saliva of patients with oral inflammatory processes were studied using SDS-PAGE by electrophoresis and enzyme immunoassay. The application of these methods showed that in the mixed saliva of patients after rinsing with a solution of an oligonucleotide specific for IL-6, the amount of IL-6 decreases. The ELISA Kit and 20% SDS-PAGE showed the highest sensitivity to determine the concentration of IL-6 in saliva, which should be considered in clinical laboratory practice.
ANALYSIS OF THE FREQUENCY OF ISOLATION OF CORYNEBACTERIA NON-DIPHTHERIA FROM PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
Authors: Kharseeva Galina G. , Mangutov E. O. , But O. M. , Chepusova A. V. , Alutina E. L.
Published: October 2019

Corynebacteria non-diphtheria and, in particular, C. pseudodiphtheriticum species that are closely related to C. propinquum and C. striatum form a group of new respiratory pathogens leading to the development of bronchitis, tracheitis, exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, nosocomial pneumonia and other pathology. The goal is to analyze the frequency of the release of Сorynebacteria non-diphtheria from the upper respiratory tract of patients with various inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract. Strains of Сorynebacteria non-diphtheria (C. pseudodiphtheriticum, C. propinquum, C. accolens, et al.), isolated from patients with inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract (60 pcs.) and practically healthy individuals (31 pcs.) were studied. Identification of Сorynebacteria was performed using the method of mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToFMS). Сorynebacteria non-diphtheria in the amount of 105 and higher were more frequently detected with the development of chronic tonsillitis (60.0%) and nasopharyngitis (30%). The strains of C. pseudodiphtheriticum (40.0±6.4%) and the closely related species C. propinquum (21.7±5.3%) were mainly found; much less often - C. accolens (8.3±3.6%), C. afermentans (6.7±3.3%), et al. In 86.7% of cases, Corynebacteria non-diphtheria were isolated from children. In chronic tonsillitis, C. pseudodiphtheriticum and the closely related species of C. propinquum were isolated more often; in nasopharyngitis and bronchitis - С. pseudodiphtheriticum. Isolation of Corynebacteria non-diphtheria and, especially, C. pseudodiphtheriticum, C. propinquum, C. accolens species from patients with inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract in the amount of 105 and above, if there are no other pathogenic microorganisms in the role of microbial associates, of clinical importance.
CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF DOMESTIC MEDICAL DEVICE MARKET FOR IN VITRO DIAGNOSTICS IN THE SEGMENT OF DIAGNOSTIC REAGENTS AND THEIR KITS
Authors: Mardanly S. G.
Published: October 2019

The problem of import substitution in the Russian medical device market for in vitro diagnostics (MDivd) has not been solved, despite a number of measures taken by the government of the Russian Federation since 2011. The reasons hampering this process are the lack of modern analytical equipment of domestic production and deficiencies of the current regulatory system for MDivd circulation in the market. It is proposed the transition from licensing system of MDivd registration to notification system as a radical measure to solve the problem of import substitution.