bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESIGN VIOLANCE REPORTING SYSTEM HOUSEHOLD IN MATARAM CITY
Authors: Tria Ningrum Farah
Published: January 2024

Currently, cases of domestic violence are social and humanitarian problems that need attention. In 2020, the most dominant forms of domestic violence are psychological violence as much as 40%, sexual violence 26%, physical violence 22%, and economic 12%. The number of domestic violence cases in Indonesia also increased in 2019 from 1,419 cases to 2,389 cases in 2020. The increasing number of cases of domestic violence should be a serious concern for all parties. The Regional Technical Implementation Unit for the Protection of Women and Children (UPTD PPA) is a regional technical implementing unit formed by the regional government that can provide services for women and children who experience domestic violence, services, special protection, consultation, and others. The process of reporting domestic violence in Mataram City is still done conventionally, where people still need to visit the office to report incidents of domestic violence. Then the UPTD PPA will conduct a team discussion for the next action. From the current reporting process flow, the Mataram City UPTD PPA also still takes a long time to follow up on the domestic violence report. So there is still a lack of facilities and media that can assist the community in reporting domestic violence and assist the UPTD PPA in following up on reporting domestic violence. With the development of existing technology and the increasing number of people using android gadgets, from the problems above, researchers will design and build a Domestic Violence Reporting System in the City of Mataram to make it easier to report domestic violence directly without having to go to the authorities to handle the problem. The method that will be used for the development of this system is the Extreme Programming (XP) method.
Design And Development Of An Android-Based Nutrition Education And Stunting Prevention Information System For Pregnant Women (Case Study Sekotong Community Health Center)
Authors: Rifqi Muhammad Ari
Published: January 2024

Malnutrition and stunting are serious issues in Indonesia, particularly in Sekotong Subdistrict, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. The prevalence of stunting in this subdistrict reached 94 cases in 2020. This research aims to develop an Android application called Yess Nutrition as a medium for educating pregnant women about nutrition and stunting prevention in Sekotong Subdistrict. The Design Thinking and Personal Extreme Programming methods are employed in the development of this application. The test results show that the application received a mean opinion score of 4.173, indicating good quality and user interface. It is expected that the Yess Nutrition app will enhance the knowledge of pregnant women regarding nutrition and stunting prevention. By leveraging the vast potential of the Android platform, this application has the potential to become an effective educational tool for raising awareness about nutrition and preventing stunting.
Improving Creative Thinking Skills through Integration of Problem-Based Learning with STEAM In Environmental Pollution Material
Authors: Suryanda Ade , Miarsyah Mieke , Kosasih Aby Hanhan Ulil Abshor
Published: January 2024

The 21st century demands today's students to face increasingly complex life problems and a globally rigorous work environment. A learning model that can facilitate learners in developing their creative thinking skills is necessary. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of PBL-STEAM integration on learners' creative thinking abilities in the topic of environmental pollution. This type of research is quantitative with quasi-experimental research methods. The research sample consisted of 58 learners, with each class consisting of 29 learners selected through simple random sampling. Based on hypothesis testing using independent t-test at α = 0.05, the research findings showed a significance value of 0.00, this suggests that the PBL-STEAM learning model has an effect on learners' creative thinking in the topic of environmental pollution. The influence of the PBL-STEAM model on learners' creative thinking abilities can be analyzed based on the syntax of learning within the PBL-STEAM model. The results of this research imply that the PBL-STEAM learning model can be employed as a substitute for a model that enhances students' creative thinking abilities in the topic of environmental pollution
Hard and Soft Sciences: How Both Fields Differ in Presenting Research Gaps
Authors: Hidayat Ade , Safnil Safnil , Arono Arono
Published: January 2024

Studies on research gap presentation only focused on certain field of studies, whereas there are no studies that try to compare different field of studies. Therefore, this research aims to fill the gap and investigate how authors from different field of studies present research gap in their research articles. As the research gap presentation are mainly occurred in the beginning sections of an article, 100 article introductions from 10 journals have been analyzed. The journals were divided into two major fields which are Hard Science and Soft Science. Analysis was done to find out what types of research gap strategies that is used by the authors following the seven research gaps framework: evidence gap, knowledge gap, practical-knowledge gap, methodological gap, empirical gap, theoretical gap, and population gap. The results show that authors from both Hard Sciences and Soft Science used knowledge gap as the most frequently used strategy and theoretical gap as the least frequently used strategy. Other result is authors in Hard Sciences use more varied strategies than in Soft Science. Furthermore, both fields seem quite similar regarding the occurrence of research gaps while still has differences in some parts.
Application of BUMDES and MSME Technology through Collaborative Model Village Marketplace Design: Rasch Model Analysis of West Sumbawa Community Perceptions
Authors: Asgar Hari , Sofyan Ahdi Topan
Published: January 2024

West Sumbawa Regency consists of 8 sub-districts,57 village areas, and seven sub-districts. In the district area, institutionally, 57 Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDES) have been formed, which are spread across each sub-district. BUMDes is a business entity that is strongly supported by social capital, in addition to financial capital from the Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBDes), which includes all efforts to strengthen the rural economy and is required to be the answer to problems of improvement economy and community welfare in the village. BUMDes is a means of driving the economy through various types of business in accordance with the village's potential. BUMDes in Taliwang District, West Sumbawa Regency, has a Savings and Loans Business Unit (USP), procurement of Office Stationery (ATK), sales of Fuel Oil (BBM), procurement of fertilizers and agricultural medicines, trade in agricultural and marine products, as well as communication services and transportation. The BUMDes in Maluk District, West Sumbawa Regency, have various businesses such as village stalls, market units, building management, boarding houses, and waste levies. Lastly, BUMDes in Seteluk District, West Sumbawa Regency, has economic activities in the form of distribution of necessities, Savings and Loan Business Units (USP), food crop production, plantations, animal husbandry, and fisheries, as well as mining, special energy, and management of minerals C. Apart from that, BUMDes in Seteluk District, West Sumbawa Regency, has several superior products or commodities such as freshwater fish, livestock, and Trigona honey
TRADISI PEDAK API PADA MASYARAKAT SASAK DAN NILAI-NILAI SOSIAL YANG TERKANDUNG DI DALAMNYA
Authors: Nismulwiah Nismulwiah , Suryanti Ni Made Novi , Masyhuri Masyhuri , Suud Suud
Published: January 2024

Pelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses tradisi pedak api dan nilai-nilai sosial yang terkandung di dalamnya pada masyarakat suku sasak di Desa Montong Sari Kecamatan Gerung. Jenis pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dangan metode studi kasus. Jenis data yang digunakan Data primer dan data sekunder Dengan menggunakan sumber data subjek dan informan penelitian. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sementara untuk teknik analisis datanya melalui  reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: proses tradisi pedak api melalui berbagai tahapan yaitu: (1) Tahap Persiapan pedak api meliputi musyawarah dan penyiapan alat dan bahan; (2) Tahap Pelaksanaan proses pedak api meliputi do’a, melulurkan, memasangkan  gelang, menyiapkan perapian, menyiram perapian, mengayunkan bayi, pemberian nama, pemberian sembek; (3) Tahap Penutup meliputi do’a, pemberian seserahan (andang-andang). Terdapat nilai-nilai sosial dalam tradisi pedak api: (1) Nilai Matrial: Fisik yang ditandai dengan Apus Tawar (Luluran) yang sudah diberi Doa, Pemasangan gelang pada pergelangan tangan. Bayi diayunkan diatas perapian sebanyak sembilan kali. kemudian kipaskan perapian tersebut kearah ibu si bayi agar terkena asapnya. Sedangkan Non-fisik yang ditandai dengan Luluran ini dimaksudkan agar badan ibu bayi tersebut sehat sehabis melahirkan.  Gelang Maksudnya pemasangan gelang ini sebagai pertanda sudah melakukan pedak api. (2) Nilai Immaterial : nilai vital ditandai dengan Sembek. Nilai religius ditandai dengan doa dan harapan orang tua. Nilai kerjasama ditandai dengan Keluarga dan tetangga menyiapkan alat dan bahan yang digunakan dalam pedak api. Nilai Moral ditandai dengan  Andang-andang (seserahan).

Kata Kunci: Nilai-nilai Sosial, Tradisi Pedak Api
Folic acid supplementation and its effects on the oestrus cycle of rats.
Authors: Ayesha Irfan  , Hamd Binte Shahab Syed  , Muhammad Ali Rabbani  , Sumaira Abbasi  , Aasma Hashmi  , Amaidah Mir
Published: January 2024

Objective: To study the effects of long-term supplemental dose of Folic acid on the oestrous cycle of female Sprague Dawley rats. Study Design: Laboratory-based Experimental study. Setting: Department of Anatomy, CMH Multan Institute of Medical Sciences in Pakistan conducted this research. Period: September 2020 to September 2021. Material & Methods: In this study, 60 female Sprague Dawley rats were used and divided into two groups. The animals of control group A were given distilled water (1ml/100g) by oral gavage daily for four weeks. Folic acid was administered orally to the experimental group B once per day at a dosage of 0.2mg/kg of body weight, diluted in 100 grams of pure distilled water. A vaginal smear was taken every day between 11 am and 12 pm daily for four weeks and the slides were stained with Papanicolaou's stain. SPSS version 26 was used for data entry and analysis. Results: In experimental group B, the animals had an abnormal oestrus cycle. A statistically significant p-value of 0.000 was obtained after comparison between the groups. Conclusion: The current study showed that long-term supplemental dose of Folic Acid leads to prolongation of oestrous cycle of Sprague Dawley rats.
Prevalence and associated factors of hypertension in young adults: A cross-sectional study.
Authors: Zaib Zahid  , Muhammad Abdullah Shah  , Haider Tanvir  , Awais Amjad  , Noor e Sehar Butt  , Fahad Asim
Published: January 2024

Objective: To explore the relationships between hypertension and modifiable risk factors such as daily smoking, sedentary lifestyle and obesity in young adults. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Akhtar Saeed Teaching Hospital, Lahore. Period: July 2022 to Dec 2022. Material & Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was conducted on a sample population of 500 individuals, aged 18-39. A standardized, self-administered questionnaire was used to gather information on tobacco usage, physical activity level, parental history of hypertension, and other relevant demographic information. Additional assessments such as dietary habits were conducted through face-to-face interviews. Multivariate logistic regression models were employed to assess the associations between hypertension and various risk factors, controlling for age, gender and BMI categories. Results: The study corroborated the significant association between daily smoking and hypertension (aOR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.3–2.4, p = 0.001) and revealed an 80% increase in hypertension risk associated with a sedentary lifestyle (OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.7, χ² = 8.21, p = 0.004). Obesity was also strongly associated with hypertension (aOR = 3.2, 95% CI 2.1–4.8, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between males and females in terms of hypertension risk. Conclusion: Hypertension is significantly associated with smoking, sedentary lifestyle and obesity.
Frequency of acute renal injury in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome.
Authors: Kulsoom Shabbir  , Misbah Anjum  , Hira Urooj  , Bukhtawar Ameer Shaikh  , Maira Riaz
Published: January 2024

Objective: To determine the frequency of acute kidney injury (AKI) in neonates with acute respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, Pakistan. Period: January 2023 to June 2023. Material & Methods: A total of 118 neonates of both genders, born below 37 weeks of gestation and having RDS were analyzed. Demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters were noted. Frequency of AKI was determined while final outcome was noted in terms of discharged or mortality. Results: Of 118 neonates, 55.1% were girls. The mean gestational age: 33.11±1.76 weeks, mean admission age 8.30±9.0 hours, and mean birth weight 1.53±0.27 kg. AKI occurred in 50.8% of neonates with RDS. Mortality was reported in 46.6% cases. Factors associated with AKI included grunting at admission (63.3% vs. 43.1%, p=0.028), need for mechanical ventilation (35.0% vs. 12.1%, p=0.003), and platelet count on admission (p=0.042). Factors associated with mortality included lower Apgar score at minute 5 (p<0.001), resuscitation at delivery (p<0.001), grunting at admission (p=0.005), platelet count at admission (p=0.001), leukocyte count at admission (p=0.003), and the need for mechanical ventilation (p<0.001). Conclusion: Very high frequency of AKI (50.8%) in neonates with acute RDS was noted. Mortality was associated with lower Apgar scores, resuscitation at delivery, grunting at admission, low platelet and leukocyte counts, and the need for mechanical ventilation.
A EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA E A GESTÃO PARTICIPATIVA
Authors: Santos Tiago Benedito Dos , (UNINOVE) PATRÍCIA Ap. BIOTTO
Published: January 2024

A inclusão representa um processo, que só ocorre de forma colaborativa, envolvendo gestores, professores, funcionários e comunidade escolar. A gestão participativa é de extrema importância para a incl
As Tecnologias Digitais e o Ensino de Ciências no contexto da BNCC e Pandemia
Authors: Anastacio Marco Antonio Sanches , Voelzke Marcos Rincon
Published: January 2024

Este capítulo destaca as potencialidades e desafios proporcionados pelo uso das Novas Tecnologias Digitais (NTD) no Ensino de Ciências. Embora essas tecnologias tenham modificado a comunicação, interação e métodos de aprendizado, suas limitações recaem sobre a formação docente e o acesso à internet. Nesse sentido, a partir da análise de dois artigos científicos, o capítulo discute como as NTD estão presentes na BNCC e como o Ensino de Ciências foi planejado e executado com o uso dessas tecnologias no período da pandemia do COVID-19.
As Tecnologias na Educação Matemática: um olhar sobre as tendências atuais a partir da análise de Grupos de Pesquisa
Authors: Meireles Sílvia Mourão , Schimiguel Juliano
Published: January 2024

A disseminação do conhecimento científico, em especial aqueles cujas linhas de pesquisa concentram-se no uso de Tecnologias Digitais (TD) na Educação Matemática, são explorados neste capítulo. Uma variedade de recursos digitais como o software Geogebra, os recursos relativos à Robótica, plataformas on-line como Khan Academy e Moodle, jogos digitais, videoaulas, entre outros, são trazidos como um leque de possibilidades que tem merecido atenção nas pesquisas desenvolvidas na área. Os autores enfatizam a importância de incorporar as TD nos ambientes educacionais como forma de favorecer a aprendizagem diante dos desafios atuais do mundo.
Os impactos ambientais e sociais da repavimentação da Rodovia BR-319: uma análise sob a ótica dos princípios da dignidade da pessoa humana e do direito de ir e vir
Authors: Ferreira Adriano Fernandes , Silva Marcos Maurício Costa da , Sardinha Ageu de Oliveira Drumond , Moda Ana Silviane Turchatto , Prestes Filho Arminio José Martins , Martins Daniel de Carvalho Barros , Moreira David Barbosa , Bezerra Filho Eneias de Paula , Lima Erica Gomes , Pantoja Guilherme Augusto Pinheiro , Lins Gustavo da Cunha , Vale Jéssica Santos do , Guimarães Larissa Souza Soares , Kohn Laura Castro , Dutra Lucas de Araújo , Almeida Marcos Antonio Sampaio de , Sanches Matheus Luiz dos Santos , Andrade Mauro Pinto de , Mendes Nathallie Anne Farias , Silva Nicole Coely Oliveira da , Furtado Thiago de Assis
Published: January 2024

O presente trabalho objetiva explorar as vias de sustentabilidade no processo de repavimentação da Rodovia BR-319, tendo como princípios norteadores o direito fundamental da dignidade da pessoa humana e o direito de ir e vir. Buscou-se também analisar os impactos sociais que a existência da rodovia traz para os habitantes de suas áreas circunvizinhas e para o sistema rodoviário brasileiro como um todo, com enfoque no chamado “trecho do meio”, que se estende do km 250,70 ao km 656,40. Para a pesquisa foram utilizados o Relatório de Impacto Ambiental de 2021, feito pelo Departamento Nacional de Infraestrutura, bem como outras pesquisas disponíveis acerca da BR-319 online, notícias e doutrinas jurídicas.
Carbon Dioxide Capture Using Ionic Liquids Containing Amino Acid-Type Anions. Effect of the Cation, Anion on the Absorption Efficiency
Authors: Martinez-Palou Rafael , Barbosa Moreno Gabriela , Gallardo Rivas Nohra Violeta
Published: January 2024

Abstract. In this work, the synthesis of twelve ionic liquids (ILs) with imidazolium cation and amino acid-derived anions and their evaluation as carbon dioxide (CO2) absorbents both, in pure form and aqueous solution (30 % of water) are reported and compared with monoetanolamine (MEA), which is a well-known commercial absorbent with wide application in the Petroleum Industry for capturing acid gases. The effect of both cation substituent features such as length and unsaturation of alkyl chains and amino acid structure at the anion on the CO2 absorption efficiency was studied. All the ILs displayed good CO2 absorption efficiency, being the ILs derived from 1-octyl-3-vinylimidazolium the most effective for this purpose, especially with lysinate anion ([OVI][L]); a capture rate of 1501 mg CO2/mol of IL was achieved when it was diluted in water (30 %).
 
Resumen. En este trabajo se reporta la síntesis de doce líquidos iónicos (LIs) con el catión imidazolio y los aniones derivados de aminoácidos y la evaluación de estos compuestos como absorbentes de dióxido de carbono (CO2), tanto empleando los absorbentes puros, como en solución acuosa (30 % de agua). Los resultados se comparan con los obtenidos con monoetanolamina (MEA), que es un conocido absorbente comercial con amplia aplicación en la Industria del Petróleo en la captura de gases ácidos. Se estudió el efecto de las características de ambos N-sustituyentes de los cationes, como la longitud y la presencia de insaturación en las cadenas de alquilo y la estructura de aminoácidos que conforman los aniones de los LIs estudiados, en la eficiencia de absorción de CO2. Todos los LIs mostraron una buena eficiencia de absorción de CO2, siendo los LIs derivados del 1-octil-3-vinilimidazolio los más efectivos para este fin, especialmente con el anión lisinato ([OVI][L]); se logró una tasa de captura de 1501 mg CO2/mol de LIs cuando el absorbente se diluyó en agua (30 %).
Contribution of Dispersion to the Intrinsic Energy Barriers of Neutral Model Diels-Alder Reactions
Authors: Jiménez-Vázquez Hugo Alejandro , Almazán Luis , Benavides Adriana
Published: January 2024

The intrinsic reaction coordinates for the cycloadditions between ethene and 1,3-butadiene, and ethene and cyclopentadiene, were determined at the SCS-MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. The energy contents of the points determined for both coordinates were decomposed into their deformation and interaction contributions. From this analysis it is concluded that the higher reaction barrier for the butadiene-ethene cycloaddition can be attributed primarily to the conformational change of butadiene required by the reaction (higher deformation energy). There is also a minor contribution of the interaction term, which is more stabilizing for the cyclopentadiene-ethene reaction. An additional decomposition of these terms into their Hartree-Fock and SCS-MP2 correlation components suggests that the higher stabilization of the transition state of the cyclopentadiene-ethene cycloaddition is mostly due to stronger dispersion interactions between reactants, resulting from the larger contact surface between them, and not to stabilizing electronic effects.
 
Resumen. Se determinaron las coordenadas intrínsecas de reacción para las cicloadiciones entre eteno y 1,3-butadieno, y eteno y ciclopentadieno al nivel de teoría SCS-MP2/aug-cc-pVTZ. La energía de los puntos obtenidos en ambas coordenadas se descompuso en sus contribuciones de deformación e interacción. A partir de este análisis se concluye que la mayor barrera energética para la cicloadición eteno-butadieno puede atribuirse, principalmente, al cambio conformacional del butadieno requerido por la reacción (mayor energía de deformación). También se encuentra que el término de interacción es más estabilizante para la reacción entre ciclopentadieno y eteno, aunque la contribución de este término es menor. La descomposición adicional de las energías de interacción de estas reacciones en sus componentes de Hartree-Fock y de correlación SCS-MP2, sugiere que la mayor estabilización del estado de transición en la reacción entre ciclopentadieno y eteno, se debe principalmente a la interacción de dispersión más fuertemente estabilizante entre estos reactantes, resultado de la mayor superficie de contacto entre ellos y no a efectos electrónicos estabilizantes.
Synthesis and Evaluation of the Antifungal Sensibility of Novel Thienopyridine 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives
Authors: Ramírez-Villalva Alejandra , Cervantes-Rebolledo Claudia , González-González Carlos A. , Mastachi-Loza Salvador
Published: January 2024

The family of compounds known as azoles are part of most of the antimicrobial drugs used for the treatment of infections. Within this family triazoles have been extensively studied as pharmacophores with very promising results. In this work, four novel trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazole compounds with a thienopyridine moiety (1a,b; 2a,b) were synthesized through an azide-enolate 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. Their cheminformatic properties were calculated using simulation software available online such as Molinspiration, Molsoft, Osiris Property Explorer, pkCSM, SwissADME, and GUSA. The results provided important information which allowed us to consider the evaluation of the antifungal activity of these novel compounds. Therefore, the antifungal activity of these compounds was evaluated in vitro against four filamentous fungi, including Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 16907, Trichosporon cutaneum ATCC 28592, Rhizopus oryzae ATCC 10329, and Mucor hiemalis ATCC 8690; as well as six species of yeast from the Candida genus; C. albicans ATCC 10231, C. utilis ATCC 9226, C. tropicalis ATCC 13803, C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019, C. glabrata ATCC 34138 and C. krusei ATCC 14243 The sensibility studies suggest that compounds 1b, 2a and 2b can be considered  candidates for complementary biological studies due to the exhibited antifungal activity.
 
Resumen. La familia de compuestos conocidos como azoles forman parte de la mayoría de los medicamentos utilizados para el tratamiento de infecciones. Dentro de este grupo, los triazoles han sido extensamente estudiados como farmacóforos con resultados muy prometedores. En este trabajo, se sintetizaron cuatro nuevos 1,2,3-triazoles trisustituidos, que incluyen un anillo de tienopiridina en su estructura (1a,b; 2a,b) a través de una cicloadición 1,3-dipolar del tipo azida-enolato. Sus propiedades quimio informáticas fueron calculadas utilizando programas de simulación encontrados en línea como Molinspiration, Molsoft, Osiris Property Explorer, pkCSM, SwissADME y GUSAR. Los resultados obtenidos presentaron información importante que permitió considerar la evaluación de la actividad antifúngica de estos nuevos compuestos. Por lo tanto, esta actividad fue evaluada in vitro en cuatro cepas de hogos filamentosos, incluyendo Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 16907, Trichosporon cutaneum ATCC 28592, Rhizopus oryzae ATCC 10329, and Mucor hiemalis ATCC 8690, así como también seis especies de levaduras del género Candida; C. albicans ATCC 10231, C. utilis ATCC 9226, C. tropicalis ATCC 13803, C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019, C. glabrata ATCC 34138 and C. krusei ATCC 14243. En estos estudios se observó que los compuestos 1a, 2a, y 2b pueden ser considerados para estudios posteriores de la evaluación biológica debido a la inhibición observada.
4(S)-Benzyl-1,3-thiazolidin-2-one a Novel Chiral Auxiliary for Asymmetric Aldol Coupling through Titanium Enolates
Authors: Mejia-Nuñez Dulce M. , Mastachi-Loza Salvador , Martinez-Otero Diego , Romero-Ortega Moises
Published: January 2024

The chlorotitanium enolate of N-propionyl-4(S)-benzyl-1,3-thiazolidin-2-one, was condensed with aryl aldehydes, in good diastereoselectivity to give the ‘Evans syn’ aldol (73:27 - 97:3), using equimolar amounts of titanium tetrachloride (1.5 equiv), and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA). The facial selectivity in the aldol additions probably involves a non-chelated transition state. In all aldol reactions, the presence of a minor product, the ‘non-Evans syn’ aldol, was obtained and confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis of a single-crystal compound containing the mixture of diastereoisomers. The chiral auxiliary in these 1,3-thiazolidin-2-one aldol derivatives can be easily removed by nucleophilic species through acyl substitution.
 
Resumen. El enolato de clorotitanio de N-propionil-4(S)-bencil-1,3-tiazolidin-2-ona, fue condensado con arilaldehídos, con buena diastereoselectividad produciendo el aldol “syn Evans” (73:27 - 97:3), utilizando cantidades equimolares de tetracloruro de titanio (1.5 equiv) y N,N-diisopropiletilamina (DIPEA). La selectividad facial en las adiciones aldólicas probablemente implica un estado de transición no-quelatado. En todas las reacciones aldólicas, la presencia de un producto minoritario, él aldol “non-Evans”, fue obtenido y confirmado por el análisis de difracción de rayos-X de monocristal de una mezcla de los diastereoisómeros. El auxiliar quiral en estos derivados de 1,3-tiazolidin-2-onas puede ser removido fácilmente por especies nucleofílicas a través de la sustitución del grupo acilo.
Fabrication of a Reactive Functionalized Microfilm with Aromatic Amines Applied to the Growth of Langerhans Cells
Authors: Rivero Espejel Ignacio A. , Ávila-Cossío Martha , García-González Victor
Published: January 2024

This study reports the synthesis of ultrathin polymeric films through layer-by-layer deposition and covalent cross-linking of poly(2-vinyl-4,4'-dimethylazlactone) and branched poly (ethylene imine) (PEI) which were functionalized with aromatic amines that encompass anilines. To assess the effect of these aromatics molecules on the adhesion and proliferation of Langerhans β-cells, we prepared 35 bilayers of unfunctionalized and functionalized films with aromatic amines, which were characterized in terms of their physical, chemical, and biological properties by a battery of experimental techniques including 1H and 13C, NMR, mass spectrometry, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and cell adhesion and staining. The films were nanometric, transparent, resistant to manipulation, chemically reactive, and highly cytocompatible. We demonstrated that films functionalized with aromatic molecules support the attachment and growth of in vitro Langerhans β-cells. This study provides the basis for a general approach to designing and functionalizing ultrathin films that promote cell growth on surfaces of interest for investigation in cell biology studies and a broad range of other biomedical applications.
 
Resumen. En este estudio se describe la síntesis de películas poliméricas ultrafinas mediante la técnica de capa por capa y la reticulación covalente de poli(2-vinil-4,4'-dimetilazlactona) y poli etilenimina (PEI) ramificado y, se funcionalizaron con aminas aromáticas que engloba las anilinas. Para evaluar el efecto de estas moléculas aromáticas en la adhesión y proliferación de las células β de Langerhans, se prepararon películas de 35 bicapas y se funcionalizaron con aminas aromáticas; se caracterizaron en términos de sus propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas mediante una serie de técnicas experimentales que incluyeron 1H y 13C, RMN, espectrometría de masas, espectroscopia de infrarrojo por transformada de Fourier, microscopía electrónica de barrido por emisión de campo y tinción celular. En general, las películas fueron nanométricas, transparentes, resistentes a la manipulación, químicamente reactivas y altamente citocompatibles. Se demostró, además, que las películas funcionalizadas con moléculas aromáticas favorecen la adhesión y el crecimiento de células β in vitro. Este estudio establece las bases de un enfoque general para diseñar y funcionalizar películas ultrafinas, que promuevan el crecimiento celular en superficies de interés, para la investigación en estudios de biología celular y una gama amplia de aplicaciones biomédicas potenciales.
Alpha-glucosidase and Alpha-amylase Inhibitors Derived from Naturally Occurring Prenylated Isoflavones
Authors: Hernández Brandón , Cruz María del Carmen , Gómez Omar , Becerra Elvia , Jiménez Fabiola Eloisa , Mendieta Aaron
Published: January 2024

A series of prenylated isoflavones were synthesized to evaluate their inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes, analyzing the bioisosteric effect of the linear or cyclized prenyl moiety in these benzopyran derivatives. Compound 5a exhibited higher α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 60.5 µM) and lower α-amylase inhibition (IC50 = 85.0 µM) compared to acarbose (IC50 = 527.5 µM for α-glucosidase and 20.1 µM for α-amylase). In contrast, prenylated isoflavone 5c showed higher inhibition in both enzymes (IC50 = 17.6 µM for α-glucosidase and 21.2 µM for α-amylase). This suggests that the attachment of a prenyl moiety to the 7-hydroxy group of isoflavone provides higher inhibition in the enzymes α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Docking studies of compounds 5a and 5c displayed key interactions towards both enzymes. The type of inhibition for 5c was analyzed, where the results indicate a competitive inhibition of both α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Finally, ADMET studies support that compounds 5a and 5c are candidates for the design of novel isoflavones derivatives with antidiabetic potential.
 
Resumen. Una serie de isoflavonas preniladas se sintetizaron para evaluar su efecto inhibidor sobre las enzimas α-glucosidasa y α-amilasa, analizando el efecto bioisotérico del fragmento prenilo tipo lineal o ciclado en estos benzopiranos derivados. El compuesto 5a exhibió una inhibición alta de α-glucosidasa (CI50 = 60.5 µM) y una inhibición más baja de α-amilasa (CI50 = 85.0 µM, respectivamente) en comparación con acarbosa (CI50 = 527.5 y 20.1 µM). La isoflavona prenilada 5c mostró mayor inhibición en ambas enzimas (CI50 = 17.7 µM para α-glucosidasa y 21.2 µM para α-amilasa). Esto sugiere que la unión del fragmento prenilo al hidroxilo de la posición 7 de la isoflavona ocasiona una mayor inhibición en las enzimas α-glucosidasa y α-amilasa. Los compuestos 5a y 5c mostraron interacciones clave hacia el sitio activo de ambas enzimas, de acuerdo con los cálculos de acoplamiento. Se analizó el tipo de inhibición para 5c, donde los resultados indican una inhibición competitiva tanto de α-glucosidasa como de α-amilasa. Finalmente, los estudios ADMET respaldan que los compuestos 5a and 5c son candidatos para el diseño de nuevos derivados de isoflavonas con potencial antidiabético.
Establishment of Kifilideen coefficient tables for positive and negative powers of \(n\) and \(-n\) of Kifilideen trinomial theorem and other development based on matrix and standardized methods
Authors:   Agricultural and Bio-Resources Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Ogun State., Osanyinpeju Kifilideen L.
Published: January 2024

The generation of coefficients of terms of positive and negative powers of \(n\) and \(-n\) of Kifilideen trinomial theorem as the terms are progress is stressful and time-consuming which the same problem is identified with coefficients of terms of binomial theorem of positive and negative powers of \(n\) and \(-n\). This slows the process of producing the series of any particular trinomial expansion. This study established Kifilideen coefficient tables for positive and negative powers of \(n\) and \(-n\) of the Kifilideen trinomial theorem and other developments based on matrix and standardized methods. A Kifilideen theorem of matrix transformation of the positive power of \(n\) of trinomial expression in which three variables \(x, y\), and \(z\) are found in parts of the trinomial expression was originated. The development would ease evaluating the trinomial expression's positive power of \(n\). The Kifilideen coefficient tables are handy and effective in generating the coefficients of terms and series of the Kifilideen expansion of trinomial expression of positive and negative powers of \(n\) and \(-n.\)
Corrigenda to “The Galerkin method and hinged beam dynamics”
Authors:   1210 Washtenaw, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA., Raske David
Published: January 2024

This corrigenda makes seven corrections to D. Raske, “The Galerkin method and hinged beam dynamics,” Open Journal of Mathematical Sciences 2023, 7, 236-247.
Effects of Cyclosporine and Azacitidine on Some Hematologic and ‎Biochemical Parameters of Benzene-Induced Aplastic Anemia in Rats
Authors: Taher Ghanem , F Hasn Huda
Published: January 2024

Aplastic anemia, marked by deficiencies in hematopoietic stem cells, leads to peripheral blood pancytopenia and hypocellular bone ‎marrow. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of cyclosporine and azacitidine, administered either alone or in combination, in rats with benzene-induced aplastic ‎anemia, focusing on restoring normal blood cell levels and preventing disease complications. Thirty adult female Wistar rats ‎(Rattus ‎norvegicus)‎ were randomly divided into five groups: negative control (C-, untreated), positive control (C+, induced aplastic anemia with ‎distilled water), cyclosporine-treated (CsA, 5.86 mg/kg), azacitidine-treated (Aza, 5.75 mg/kg), and combination-treated (CsA+Aza, 3.68 ‎mg/kg each). Benzene (1940 mg/kg) was administered orally for fifteen days to induce aplastic anemia. Post a 30-day treatment period, ‎evaluations included differential WBC and reticulocyte counts, serum IL-2 levels, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Results ‎showed significant improvements in WBC% and reticulocyte% in all treated groups compared to the C+ group, with the combination-‎treated group showing the highest enhancement. IL-2 levels in the combination group were significantly reduced compared to other ‎treatment groups, aligning closely with the negative control. The ALP activity was significantly higher in both the cyclosporine and ‎azacitidine-treated groups compared to the positive control, with the combination group showing a marked increase over the azacitidine ‎group but no significant difference from the cyclosporine group and negative control.‎ In conclusion, the study demonstrates the potential therapeutic benefits of cyclosporine and azacitidine in treating benzene-induced ‎aplastic anemia in rats. The combination therapy, in particular, showed improved efficacy in all tested parameters, suggesting a potential ‎strategy for dose reduction and toxicity mitigation.
Resveratrol Administration Ameliorates Hepatotoxicity in Mercuric Chloride-‎Induced Liver Injury in Rats
Authors: K.Aghetaa Hasan Falah , A Dawood Rusul , K Aladhami Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Mercuric chloride (HgCl2) pollution and poisoning has been a worldwide health ‎concern for decades, especially after the industrial revolutions. The aim of this study ‎was to investigate the role of resveratrol in reversing the deleterious effects of ‎HgCl2 exposure to resume the normal functions of hepatocyte. To achieve the study, ‎mature Sprague Dawley rats were assigned to five groups. Negative control group ‎‎(C) kept without any treatment; vehicle-treated group (D) received dimethyl ‎sulfoxide (DMSO); resveratrol-treated group (R), received 100 mg/kg of resveratrol; ‎HgCl2-intoxicated group (HD), received i.p. injection of HgCl2 at a dose of 1 mg/kg ‎for 30 consecutive days along to oral gavage of DMSO; and finally HgCl2-‎intoxicated group treated with resveratrol (HR) as same treatment strategy of R-‎group. At the endpoint of the experiment, blood samples were collected for ‎biochemical liver function tests along with serum concentrations of ‎malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), body weight, as well as ‎histopathological investigation was done too. Study results revealed a significant ‎‎(P<0.05) elevation in serum AST, ALP, GGT, and MDA in HD group in comparison ‎with HR group. However, resveratrol treatment has led to a significant (P<0.05) ‎increase in serum levels of GSH in HR group in comparison with the HD group. ‎Histopathological sections showed vacuolar degeneration in HD hepatocytes while ‎resveratrol treatment protected the hepatocytes against the chemical injury. ‎Altogether, It is concluded that resveratrol administration has the ability to increase ‎the resistance of liver against the HgCl2-induced hepatotoxicity via increase the ‎antioxidant yields such as GSH resulted in reduction of hepatocellular texture ‎damage.
Therapeutic Effect of Portulaca oleracea‎‎‎ Against Diarrhea ‎Induced by Escherichia coli in Male Rats
Authors: M Manthoor Ahmed , H Saliem Ali
Published: January 2024

This study aimed to investigate the in vivo antidiarrheal efficacy of methanolic extract ‎of Portulaca ‎oleracea against diarrhea induced by Escherichia coli in male rats. The initial ‎phase involved the ‎extraction of P. oleracea‎ using 99.8% absolute methanol through ‎a Soxhlet extraction apparatus. ‎Phytochemical analyses of the extract unveiled the presence ‎of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, ‎carbohydrates, tannins, and proteins. In the experimental ‎phase, 20 Wistar albino male rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into four ‎groups: the Negative Control ‎‎(uninfected and untreated); the Positive Control (infected but untreated); ‎POE group consisted of rats infected with E. coli‎‎ (1×109 CFU/mL) and subsequently treated ‎with 200 mg/kg BW of P. oleracea‎ methanolic extract orally ‎twice daily for seven ‎days; and CIP group included rats infected and treated with 7.14 mg/kg BW ‎of ‎ciprofloxacin orally twice daily for seven days. Outcome measures encompassed clinical ‎signs, ‎frequency of watery stools, rectal bacterial count, and changes in BW. ‎Remarkably, both POE and CIP groups demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in the ‎frequency of watery stools ‎‎(P<0.05) and a significant increase in BW (P<0.05) ‎compared to Positive Control group. Notably, there was ‎no significant difference in these parameters ‎between POE and CIP groups, suggesting that P. oleracea‎ ‎methanolic extract performs ‎comparably to ciprofloxacin in treating E. coli‎‎-induced diarrhea. The ‎findings illuminate ‎the potential of herbal medications such as P. oleracea‎ as effective alternatives to ‎antibiotics, ‎thereby mitigating the overuse of antibiotics and the associated risk of bacterial resistance.
Investigation of Aflatoxin B1, Ochratoxin A, and Fumonisin B1 in Poultry Feeds in ‎Nineveh Province
Authors: Alnaemi Hiba , Dawood Tamara , Algwari Qais
Published: January 2024

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA), and fumonisin B1 (FB1), the most commonly ‎encountered mycotoxins, constitute serious human ‎and animal health threats as a result of their ‎toxigenic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic influences‎. The study aimed to investigate the occurrence ‎of these mycotoxins in poultry feeds and determine the ‎percentage of the samples that exceeded the legal limits approved by the European ‎Commission ‎‎(EC). Sixty poultry feed samples were collected from poultry feed plants and poultry farms in Nineveh ‎Province and analyzed for ‎detection mycotoxins‏ ‏using competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent ‎Assay (ELISA). Results reported co-occurrence of AFB1 and FB1 in ‎all samples examined (100%), while AFB1, ‎OTA, and FB1 co-occurred in 53 samples (88.33%) at values ranging between 3.15–43.96, 0–‎‎168.24, ‎and 220.6–6935.12 ppb, respectively. Also, results showed that FB1 existed at a mean value (2164.01 ‎ppb) significantly higher ‎‎(P<0.05) than those reported for AFB1 and OTA (16.48 and 32.09 ppb, ‎respectively). Results revealed that 38.33% and 10% of feed samples ‎exceeded the maximum ‎permissible limits for AFB1 and OTA established by EC, whereas all feed samples were within the ‎EC limit for FB1. As ‎a result, strict procedures should be implemented to achieve legal limits concerning AFB1 and ‎OTA in poultry feeds to preserve public health.
Molecular Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Salmonella‎ species ‎Isolated from Diarrheal Children and Dogs in Baghdad Governorate, ‎Iraq‎
Authors: Abdhalla Fudhaa , M Al-Gburi Nagham
Published: January 2024

This work aimed to use conventional PCR to identify Salmonella‎ spp. that ‎were isolated from diarrheal children and healthy and diarrheic dogs based on four ‎virulence genes, hilA, stn, spvR‎, and marT. Sixteen Salmonella‎ isolates including: 9 ‎isolated from children's diarrhea from three species (S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, S. ‎Typhi) and seven isolated from dogs including (S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, S. ‎Muenchen), were identified primarily by several methods. The PCR products of the 16S ‎rRNA gene were sequenced and examined using BLAST analysis to find differences and ‎similarities between these Iraqi isolates and already-known global strains in order to ‎construct the phylogenetic tree of S. Muenchen which was detected for the first time in ‎dogs in Iraq. The results of the study revealed that all isolates of Salmonella‎ obtained ‎from children possess the hilA and stn genes. The marT gene was detected in 88% of the ‎Salmonella‎ serovars, and the spvR‎ gene was carried in 55% of the isolates. Among dog ‎Salmonella‎ isolates, the hilA gene was detected at 100%, the stn gene was at 85.7%, the ‎marT gene was present at 71.4%, while the spvR‎ gene was found at 57.1%. The result of ‎DNA sequencing and phylogenetic tree indicated that the local Iraqi S. Muenchen was ‎extremely close to the national strain and share the same ‎16S rRNA gene sequence, the ‎isolate was registered at NCBI and became a global reference with the accession number OQ999043.1. In conclusion, the presence of these important virulence genes among ‎Salmonella‎ serovars isolated from children and dogs alerted on the potential risk of ‎contamination of the environment and may lead to a community health crisis‎.
A comprehensive review on state-of-the-art applications of case based reasoning in aluminum foundries
Authors: Heramb Kailash Magdum  , Girish Ramchandra Naik  , Poornima Girish Naik
Published: January 2024

An Aluminium Foundry offers multiple opportunities for implementing expert systems across various domains, including component design, process planning, rejection reduction, and determining parameter values for Die-to-Die Design to achieve cost benefits. Considering the projected growth of the Global Aluminium Die Casting market at a 15 percent CAGR until 2025, one of the key hurdles to this growth lies in the requirement for substantial investments. This paper explores the diverse applications of expert systems in different aspects of aluminium casting, focusing on the utilization of Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) systems within Aluminium foundries. Case-Based Reasoning, a problem-solving approach, leverages past cases resembling the current problem to guide solutions for new challenges. The review encompasses various expert systems applied in aluminium casting and specifically highlights the application of Case-Based Reasoning systems. Additionally, it identifies gaps within the Die Design Support System for Gravity Die Casting utilizing Case-Based Reasoning, aiming to delve deeper into this particular area for potential improvements.
Fundamental changes in notions of the metallic alloy’s nature
Authors: Yuri Ustinovshikov
Published: January 2024

The article "Fundamental changes in notions of the metallic alloys nature" is a collection of ideas and experimental results that unequivocally indicate that modern ideas about metallic alloys should become to history of alloys. Here we present to the reader the results of experiments obtained on two binary alloys Ni75Mo25 and Ni88Al12, as well as on one ternary alloy Ni53Mo35Al12. These data are identical to the data we presented earlier obtained on alloys of 17 binary systems and seven ternary alloys. Briefly, the main conclusions of the experiments are as follows: · Interatomic chemical interactions exist in all metal alloys at temperatures of both solid and liquid states. · Chemical bonds in alloys have an amazing property to change their sign at a certain temperature (there is a phase transition "ordering - separation"). · The reason for this transition is the electronic transition "ionic bond ↔ covalent bond". · The process of formation of new phases in alloys begins with the formation of diffusion micro-pairs formed during the melting of the alloy. Such considerable differences between the existing notions about the nature of alloys and those revealed in this work should lead to changes in the technology of heat treatment of alloys, in the binary phase diagrams and to a change in the principles of creating new alloys.
Therapeutic drug monitoring of imatinib in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia: Experience from Oran HUE
Authors: Hamza BENBACHIR  , Hichem NAAS  , Hichem BOUGUEDRA  , Souad GENDOUZ  , Badra ENTA SOLTAN  , Hassan CHADOU  , Amina AMIAR  , Nabil YAFOUR  , Houari TOUMI
Published: January 2024

Imatinib, a first-line treatment for chronic myelogenous leukemia, presents significant interindividual pharmacokinetic variability. The correlation between the plasma exposure of Imatinib and its pharmacological effects makes this drug a good candidate for pharmacological therapeutic monitoring in addition to the usual monitoring tests. We introduced monitoring of Imatinib in 27 patients suffering from chronic myelogenous leukemia. According to the dosage results, dosage adaptation recommendations were proposed to clinicians in patients outside the targeted therapeutic range. The goal was to achieve an optimal response to Imatinib, prevent its adverse effects and improve adherence to treatment.