bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phase composition, structure and microhardness of the VT23 titanium alloy after deformation in a Bridgman chamber
Authors:   Institute of Engineering Science of the Ural Branch of RAS, Gladkovsky S. V. , Pilyugin V. P. ,   M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Branch of RAS, Veselova V. E. ,   Institute of Engineering Science of the Ural Branch of RAS, Patselov A. M. ,   M.N. Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Branch of RAS
Published: January 2025

The authors have studied for the first time the phase composition, microhardness and fine structure of the VT23 (α+β)-titanium alloy, with stable and metastable β-phase, after torsional deformation in a Bridgman chamber under a pressure of 4 GPa at room temperature. It has been found that the alloy microhardness, depending on the true degree of deformation under high hydrostatic pressure, changes along a curve with a maximum. The role of stress-induced βm→α" martensitic transformation in the formation of alloy structure, and microhardness under high-pressure torsion was revealed. The highest microhardness of the alloy with stable β-phase was 395 HV 0.05, and with metastable – 470 HV 0.05. At the same time, the maximum microhardness of metastable alloy, compared to stable alloy, was shifted to the region of lower true strain е=2.6. Using X-ray diffraction analysis, and transmission electron microscopy methods, made it possible to trace the evolution of alloy structure under high-pressure deformation consisting in grinding of α-, and α"-phase plates compared to the quenched state, as well as in the development of deformation βm→α", and α"→βm martensitic transformations. An increase in the degree of deformation by high-pressure torsion to е=7.7...7.9, regardless of the deformation stability of the β-phase, leads to a decrease in the alloy microhardness to a level of 185...205 HV 0.05. This is associated with the development of the dynamic recrystallisation process, and the formation of equiaxed α-phase nanoparticles with a size of 20...50 nm. The differences in the loading-unloading curves revealed by kinetic indentation, corresponded to the nature of the change in the VT23 alloy microhardness, depending on the quenching temperature and the true deformation degree.
On the formation of thermal barrier coatings by magnetron sputtering
Authors:   National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Kachalin G. V. , Medvedev K. S. ,   National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Mednikov A. F. ,   National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Zilova O. S. ,   National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Tkhabisimov A. B. ,   National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Ilyukhin D. I. ,   National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”, Kasyanenko V. A. ,   National Research University “Moscow Power Engineering Institute”
Published: January 2025

The use of magnetron sputtering systems with extended uncooled targets will allow developing industrial import-substituting technologies for the formation of thermal barrier coatings, based on zirconium oxide doped with rare earth metal oxides to solve urgent problems of gas turbine construction. This paper presents the results of comparing the technology for producing thermal barrier coatings by magnetron sputtering, with two types of extended targets made of Zr–8%Y alloy – a widely used cooled target and an uncooled extended target, of a magnetron sputtering system developed by the authors. This paper gives a comparison of the results of mass-spectrometric studies of the hysteresis of the oxygen partial pressure inherent in the technology for producing oxide films; the influence of the target type on the coating growth rate; studies of the structure of thermal barrier coatings using the scanning electron microscopy method; and the elemental composition of coatings based on zirconium dioxide partially stabilised with yttrium oxide – YSZ. It has been experimentally found that increasing the temperature of the magnetron sputtering system target, allows decreasing the loop width of the characteristic hysteresis of the oxygen partial pressure dependence on its flow rate by 2 times. The obtained dependencies allowed determining the range of oxygen flow rates at various magnetron discharge powers, at which the work can be performed with stable and sustainable process control, without the risk of falling into hysteresis. The conducted metallographic studies showed a characteristic developed porous dendritic structure of the ceramic layer, which is necessary to reduce the thermal conductivity coefficient of the thermal barrier coating. It has been revealed that the use of an uncooled target allows increasing the deposition rate of the thermal barrier coating by more than 10 times compared to the deposition rate for a cooled target. The obtained results demonstrate the possibility of using the magnetron sputtering technology of an extended uncooled target to form a ceramic layer of thermal barrier coatings.
Universal model for predicting the phase composition of multicomponent brasses based on chemical analysis data
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Svyatkin A. V. , Kostin G. V. ,   Togliatti State University
Published: January 2025

When developing technical requirements for alloys, it is important to apply an integrated approach. Combining analytical and simulation modelling, it is possible to reduce technological risks at the stage of creating or modifying requirements. The implementation of this approach directly depends on the degree of consideration of all factors included in the models, as well as on their influence on the variability of characteristics. However, known models do not provide satisfactory convergence with real industrial alloys. Using the example of a complex-alloyed CuZn13Mn8Al5Si2Fe1Pb brass, an approach is proposed that allows describing the variability in the structural state of multicomponent brasses. The analysis of statistical data on the chemical composition and microstructure of industrial batches, made it possible to establish that the alloy matrix solution is a (α+β)-brass, and corresponds to the phase ratio at 700 °C on the polythermal pseudo-binary cross-section of the Cu–Zn–Mn5Si3 diagram. The distribution of alloying elements in the main phases was studied using X-ray spectral analysis. The complete binding of iron in silicides and uniform distribution of manganese in the hot-pressed state were confirmed. A calculation of the silicon proportion in the solid solution was proposed. The measured density of the alloy is 7650 kg/m³, while the calculated density of the matrix solution is 8100 kg/m³. Based on the updated parameters of the universal model, the authors used the Monte Carlo method to assess the variability of the microstructure in relation to the requirements for the chemical composition. The instability of technological properties is attributed to significant variability in the ratio of the α- and β-phases. The content of the α-phase in the alloy ranges from 37.5 % to 66.5 %, while the β-phase varies from 17.5 % to 55.2 %. The simulation model developed in this study enables both to analyse the existing alloys and to predict the behaviour of new alloys. This is critically important for optimising technological processes, and improving the operational properties of materials.
Effect of alloy composition on machining parameters and surface quality through comprehensive analysis
Authors:   Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology, Shailesh Rao Agari , Rao Srilatha ,   Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Technology
Published: January 2025

This study examined the influence of alloy composition (mild steel and aluminium) on several machining parameters, such as temperature, cutting force, surface roughness, and chip morphology. Significant variations in these parameters were detected by modifying the alloys while maintaining constant process conditions. In mild steel, rotating speed affected chip morphology, with elevated speeds resulting in continuous chips and reduced rates yielding shorter chips. The augmented rake angle affects the chip properties, resulting in a little decrease in chip length. Moreover, the cutting force influenced the chip length at a designated rotational speed. Conversely, aluminium alloys continuously generated continuous chip fragments irrespective of cutting speed or rake angle. Favourable correlation coefficients are noted among the variables, and a regression model is effectively developed and utilized on the experimental data. The random forest model indicates that material selection significantly influences temperature, cutting force, surface roughness, and chip morphology during machining. This study offers significant insights into the correlation between tool rake angle and other machining parameters, elucidating the elements that influence surface quality. The results enhance comprehension of machined surface attributes, facilitating the optimization of machining operations for various materials.
Assessment of the level of sustainable development of regional industry using business statistics indicators
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Laskova D. S.
Published: January 2025

At the present stage of development of the economic space of the Russian Federation under the restrictions associated with the implementation of the special military operation, the industrial sector is the key element for progress. For the successful functioning of the economic system, both the dynamic prospects for industrial growth rates and the stability of these rates are important. On a scale of Russia, the effectiveness of the economy is ensured by the regions. The work deals with assessing the level of sustainable development of regional enterprises of the industrial sector using business statistics indicators. The factors influencing strategic planning and industry management are revealed. The author substantiated the use of business indicators in the analysis of the level of industrial development sustainability in the regional context using the K-means clustering method. The paper presents the author’s vision of the influence of domestic industrial areas and clusters on the assessment of the sustainability level. The author proposed the concept of assessing the levels of sustainable industrial development in regions based on a system of indicators formed from groups of business statistics indicators. Based on quantitative calculations of cluster analysis for the selected business indicators, five groups of regions with different levels of sustainable industrial development are identified. Comparing with a map of industrial territories of Russia and an atlas of industry, the inclusion of regions with industrial zones and clusters in them is analyzed. The identified comparisons reflect the proximity of the conducted assessment of the levels of sustainable industrial development of regions to the real situation. The results obtained can be used both when forming and implementing an industrial policy for each individual region and when creating and managing interregional industrial projects.
Concerning some legal consequences of accepting performance from a counterparty under a contract
Authors:   Togliatti State University, Mashtakov I. V.
Published: January 2025

This study is based on those provisions of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation that are examples of the application in civil circulation of the rule prohibiting contradictory and inconsistent behavior of its participants. The author analyzed certain provisions of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation where the prohibition of such behavior is associated with the resolution of a dispute between the parties regarding the fact of conclusion of a contract (paragraph 3 of Article 432 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation), its invalidity (paragraph 2 of Article 431.1 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation), and the possibility of applying the right to withdraw from a contract (paragraph 5 of Article 450.1 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation). The entire scope of interpretation and the entire sphere of practical application of these provisions of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation are beyond the scope of this study, so the author limited himself only to the issues related to the acceptance of performance by the party to the contract, which subsequently attempts to recognize the contract as not concluded, invalid, or to withdraw from it. When analyzing the specified provisions of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the author identified the conditions and procedure for their application, the distinctive features of each rule under study under different articles of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, their relationship with each other, their general goal to preserve the contract supported by the general nature of the consequences of accepting performance under the contract. Conclusions were made that indicate the general opinion of the legislator on the bad faith of one of the parties to the contract, on its general attitude to the contradictory and inconsistent behavior of the party to the contract after accepting performance from the counterparty. The author also concludes that the legislator puts the fact of acceptance of performance under the contract first in the list of legally significant circumstances confirming the validity of the contract.
External and internal goals in the structure of the life position of youth
Authors:   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Fominykh E. S.
Published: January 2025

The paper deals with the analysis of the relationships between the life position and goals of young people in the conditions of the tense and chaotic modern world. Harmony, activity and awareness of the life position were examined using the “Questionnaire of the Life Position of the Personality” (LPP) method by D.A. Leontiev, A.E. Shilmanskaya; external and internal goals were studied by the “Index of Aspirations” questionnaire (T. Kasser, R. Ryan, adaptation by T.O. Gordeeva, O.A. Sycheva, V.A. Egorov). The concept of life position included the unity of harmony, activity and awareness; internal and external goals were revealed through the phenomena of self-expression, relationships, community, appearance (physical attractiveness), fame (popularity), and influence. Correlation analysis allowed recording the following significant trends: the presence of positive relationships between awareness and the desire for self-expression, building interpersonal relationships; negative relationships between the desire for fame and awareness, active life position. The focus on self-expression, realization of personal potential, building a system of personal and business connections, increasing competence, acquiring social recognition, competence, and efficiency are considered the characteristic features of the adolescent period. The study noted a tendency towards a decrease in the desire for fame. Data analysis confirms the increased importance of internal aspirations and goals in building a life outline, implementing activities to build one’s own life. A conscious choice of life goals reduces the role of external determinants of goal-setting. The study revealed that the priority of external or internal goals does not serve as a prerequisite for life position harmony in the adolescent period. This fact emphasizes the subjective significance of active involvement in activities promoting self-expression, self-affirmation and self-realization of an individual.
Examination of earthworm abundance; biomass andcorrelations of soil organic matter in an irrigated (with river and catfish effluent water) and mulched agroforestry system
Authors: Feketéné Bakti Beatrix , Simon Barbara , Zalai Mihály , Tharwat Mohamed Ibrahim Hanaa , Modiba Maimela Maxwell , Dlamini Zibuyile , Kun Ágnes
Published: January 2025

The aim of our study was to evaluate a complex agroforestry system with the intercropping of aerobic rice and the utilization of reclaimed water for sustainability and climate change adaptation. The foreseeable positive outcomes of the intercropping system could be higher yields for the arable crops, additional woody products and indirectly favourable microclimate, water conservation, increased biodiversity and wind damage reduction. In this study, a special rice-energy willow/poplar agroforestry system was used to analyze the effects of reused water irrigation and mulching on soil salinity, earthworm biomass and abundance, soil organic matter (SOM) content and weed coverage in treerow-dependent habitats. After a three-year irrigation period, we investigated the woody line (WL), the buffer zone (BZ) and the crop line (CL) habitats. In our small-scale (0.3 ha) experiment, aerobic rice production took place between poplar and willow rows. The rice cultivar and woody lines were irrigated with different doses of river water and effluent water from an intensive catfish farm. The effect of irrigation and organic mulching on earthworm abundance, biomass and species composition was also investigated. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the beneficial effects of straw mulching on reducing soil salinity and improving soil health indicators. Based on our results, significantly greater earthworm abundance (274 ind m−2) and earthworm biomass (54.0 g m−2) values were measured in WL than in BZ or CL habitats. There was no significant difference in weed coverage between the CL (0.61%) and BZ (1.91%), but weeds were significantly denser on the WL (12.3%). These findings emphasize the potential advantages of reused water irrigation, mulching, and agroforestry systems in promoting soil health and effective weed control. Further research is warranted to explore the long-term effects and scalability of these practices. Agroforestry systems have the potential to enhance soil biodiversity and microbial activity, which play crucial roles in nutrient cycling and soil health. By studying the effects of agroforestry practices on soil biology, we can provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying soil quality enhancement in these systems.
Implementation of Essentials Sustainable Branding on Local Skincare Product, Study Case on Indoganic Beauty
Authors: Ramadhani Ayuningtias , Ekobudiwaspada Agung , Salim Neesa Ameera Mohamed , Hidayat Syarip
Published: January 2025

The need for beauty products is increasingly being met by the local sector due to increasing consumer demand. Also, as consumers become more conscious of the implications of climate change, they are becoming more interested in switching to beauty products that emphasize sustainability. Branding has a big role in determining the concept and implementation to consumer’s trust, and is important that it will be used by a product so that it can be in demand by consumers. The brand image aspect then becomes essential in strengthening the branding. The development of local beauty products is the main attraction because their development is now in great demand by consumers. This research uses qualitative methods to show how these aspects relate to the concept of sustainability in a beauty product. The result shows that Indoganic seeks to convey the concept of its sustainable products by fulfilling aspects of branding strategy implementation.
Keywords: beauty product, branding, sustainability
SOFAST Concept for Effective Interior Design at Giwangan Bus Station
Authors: ‎ Akhmadi , Andarista Shika Savira , Abdulhadi Reza Hambali Wilman
Published: January 2025

The Giwangan bus station is a type A station that serves inter-city, inter-provincial, and rural transportation in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia. This station is the only type A station that plays an important role as the main entrance and exit for buses. The purpose of this study is to provide an effective interior design concept that meets government regulatory standards for all classes of bus passengers. The method used is a qualitative explorative research method, which includes conducting a survey, measuring the site, documenting, and interviewing passengers of the bus station. The results of this first analysis are combined with a study based on the universal design approach. The keyword SOFAST appears as an answer to the elements of safety, organized, friendly, accessible, and fast. The SOFAST design at Giwangan bus station will be reviewed by rendering digital images with technical lines and arrows to understand the universal design approach.
Keywords: bus station, friendly design, SOFAST
Analysis of Opening Positions, Layout Arrangements, Wind Movement Within Middle Class Urban Resident in East Java
Authors: Budiono Irwana Zulfia , Azis Muhammad Hilmy , Rahman Akmal Fathur , Febriansyah Naufal
Published: January 2025

Global warming has impacted many regions and sectors around the world, including Indonesia. Unfortunately, Indonesia happens to be the third largest emitter of carbon in the world according to several reports, such as the NDC 2016 report, the 2019 Carbon Brief, and the 2020 UNEP Emission Gap Report. This has resulted in extreme weather in Indonesia such as longer monsoon seasons in Sumatra and Borneo temperatures in the regions of Java and Nusa Tenggara. There have been infrastructural developments made which aim to reduce the adverse effects caused by climate change, namely through studies and the redesigning of residential properties. The main purpose of designing these homes is to acclimate properly against these challenges. This is done in the form of thermal regulation by utilizing the surrounding environmental elements, such as ventilation, to achieve optimal thermal comfort as per the Air Circulation Hour process. Proper air circulation could provide comfort and boost the skin’s evaporation process to provide cooler temperatures for the building’s occupants. Proper air circulation could provide comfort and boost the skin’s evaporation process to provide cooler temperatures for the building’s occupants.
Keywords: residential houses, wind analysis, rising temperatures
Gringsing Textiles as Cultural Archives: Designing Story-Making Tools for Conservation
Authors: Utami Lira Anindita , Mohan Urmila , Sumarlin Rully
Published: January 2025

Traditional textiles are central to understanding values and influences integral to regional design forms. For example, the various kinds of gringsing woven in Tenganan Pagringsingan, Bali, Indonesia, have a distinct ecology that is social, natural, and spiritual. How can this be sustained to attract a new generation of weavers and dyers within the community as well as ensure the appropriate use of natural resources? Woven textile motifs and patterns can capture cultural forces, and transcribe them into images, forming visual records or archives of significant relationships, perceptions, events, and stories. These images are semiotic and perceptual tools that can facilitate knowledge conservation by re-connecting textile makers/users with original sources of inspiration, myth, and other cultural information. Contemporary media, such as photography or illustrated books, can also be used as tools of connection when used to document textile motifs and cultural practices within these communities. Based on research conducted over 2014-2019, this article introduces 27 gringsing weaves as well as local knowledge associated with the usage of natural elements. Field observations, interviews, and discussions also helped co-create a story prototype and visual character design with some of Tenganan’s inhabitants. These can be used as tools to help re-identify social-natural-spiritual resources in gringsing’s composition and acquaint the community’s younger generation with their cultural inheritance.
Keywords: archives, knowledge conservation, participatory learning, story-making, visual design
Analysis of Sustainable Fashion Implementation in Local Fashion Brand Meraki Studios using The Five Dimensions of Sustainable Fashion
Authors: Arumsari Arini , Nurkhaleda Amira , Mandagi Mohamad Otto Ridwan , Nashita Ranaida
Published: January 2025

The world of fashion in Indonesia has great potential as seen from the many local fashion brands that have developed rapidly. The development of local fashion certainly coincides with the accumulation of fabric waste that is produced so that awareness is needed regarding sustainable design for local brands in creating works. One of the local brands that has carried out sustainable design is Meraki studio, located in Bandung. This paper aims to discuss awareness regarding sustainable design that has been carried out by the Meraki studio brand using the Five Dimension theory of sustainable fashion. The research uses qualitative methods with observation and in-depth interviews as well as secondary data collection in the form of relevant journals, books and articles as well as previous research.
Keywords: local brand, meraki studios, sustainable fashion, textile waste
Ativação de recursos territoriais alimentares na fronteira do capital, Marajó, Amazônia, Brasil: enfrentamento aos sistemas agroalimentares globais?
Authors: Carvalho João Paulo Leão de , Vasconcellos Sobrinho Mário , Flores Maria do Socorro Almeida
Published: January 2025

Recursos territoriais alimentares podem ser compreendidos como os alimentos produzidos localmente e que fazem parte da cultura alimentar típica de uma região específica. Em contexto no qual sistemas agroalimentares globais são predominantes, a ativação de recursos alimentares locais pode ser tomada enquanto estratégia para o desenvolvimento territorial, especialmente como política pública para um território de fronteira tão importante como é o Marajó (Pará, Amazônia brasileira). O presente artigo caracteriza a aquisição pelo Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) em diferentes grupos de alimentos e analisa a sua contribuição para a ativação de recursos territoriais e enfrentamento aos sistemas agroalimentares globais em municípios da região do Marajó. O artigo adota uma abordagem metodológica do tipo exploratório-qualitativa. A principal conclusão é que a mobilização de atores locais, propiciada por políticas públicas de compras institucionais, desencadeia processos de ativação de recursos territoriais alimentares que contribuem para o desenvolvimento territorial e, ainda que de forma limitada, promovem o enfrentamento aos sistemas agroalimentares globais e ao avanço do mercado externo sobre regiões periféricas que necessitam internalizar resultados econômicos.
A fronteira econômica na Amazônia brasileira: instrumentos para a Gestão Ambiental no estado do Pará
Authors: Aires Alana Paula de Araujo
Published: January 2025

Os grandes problemas ambientais urbanos e a degradação dos recursos naturais continuam sendo desafios frente às políticas públicas vigentes. É necessário que haja um bom desempenho institucional para que os resultados alcançados pelas políticas públicas sejam substancialmente mais positivos do que os previstos inicialmente. Nesse contexto, o objetivo geral do estudo é analisar a fronteira econômica do Estado do Pará a partir dos mecanismos de gestão ambiental de combate ao desmatamento disponíveis. Para isso, foi necessário discutir a dinâmica da fronteira na Amazônia, demonstrar as políticas públicas dos Municípios Verdes e do Plano Estadual “Amazônia Agora”, e analisar os mecanismos de gestão ambiental aplicados ao combate ao desmatamento na Amazônia Brasileira. Do ponto de vista metodológico, o artigo utilizou técnicas de pesquisa de natureza qualitativo-exploratória. A principal conclusão é a de que as políticas públicas são instrumentos institucionais importantes direcionados para a fronteira, mas não contribuem efetivamente para o fortalecimento da gestão ambiental, especialmente no Estado do Pará.
Sociedade, recursos naturais e desenvolvimento na(s) fronteira(s) da Amazônia brasileira
Authors: Carvalho André Cutrim , Silva Christian Nunes da , Silva João Márcio Palheta da
Published: January 2025

O presente dossiê, intitulado: “Sociedade, Recursos Naturais e Desenvolvimento na(s) fronteira(s) da Amazônia brasileira”, oferece aos leitores da InterEspaço: Revista de Geografia e Interdisciplinaridade uma análise abrangente, crítica e multifacetada das complexas dinâmicas que caracterizam as fronteiras da Amazônia brasileira.
The Activation of Microglia and the Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species Induced by Medial Forebrain Bundle Axotomy
Authors: Kim Gyu-Ri , Song Dae-Yong , Choy Yoon-Jung
Published: January 2025

Background: We endeavored to examine the impact of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons by employing the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) axotomy model, a recognized animal model of Parkinson’s disease. Methods: The MFB of Wistar rats was lesioned and animals were sacrificed at 7, 14 and 28 days post-lesion for immunofluorescent staining. Additionally, in some experimental animals, hydroethidine was injected into the abdominal cavity 30 minutes before sacrifice to examine the presence of ROS within the brain tissue and characterize the cell types responsible for their generation throughout the pathological progression. Result: At 7 days post-surgery, an excessive accumulation of activated microglia was observed in the ipsilateral substantia nigra (SN) using antibodies OX42 and OX6, indicating their strong immunopositive reaction. Although the reactivity decreased somewhat in the 14-day and 28-day groups compared to the 7-day group, a significant number of activated microglia still congregated. Additionally, these cells exhibited strong immunopositive reactions to ED1, indicating their active phagocytic activity. Furthermore, many activated microglia showing positive reactions in OX6 immunofluorescent staining simultaneously exhibited ethidium fluorescence activity, indicating their vigorous generation and secretion of ROS.
Assessment for Chickpea Fusarium Wilt in Telangana
Authors: Srinivas Bhukya , Basha S. Ameer , Sagar B. Vidya , Kumar C.V. Sameer , Reddy G. Kiran
Published: January 2025

Background: Wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. ciceris in chickpea remains a persistent threat, leading to substantial losses in both quantity and quality. A roving survey was undertaken during rabi 2022-23 and 2023-24 to assemble information on chickpea wilt affected areas of Telangana state, India. Methods: Wilt incidence of chickpea was calculated in each field by using the quadrant mode. The coordinates of surveyed fields were additionally recorded with the help of GPS and disease incidence was calculated. Result: 14 villages in 7 districts namely Gadwal, Naryanpet, Mancherial, Nizamabad, Nirmal, Siddipet and Ranga Reddy districts were surveyed. Maximum (41.92% and 44.24%) wilt incidence was recorded in Basar village of Nirmal district, followed (31.92% and 35.31%) by Mudhole of Nirmal. Wilt incidence was minimum (16.47% and 20.21%) at Hindupur of Naryanpet. Overall incidence level of wilt in seven districts indicated that Nirmal had maximum level of disease incidence ranging from 19-44% followed by Gadwal (19-44%), Nizamabad (19-35%), Ranga Reddy (19-35%), Siddipet (16-25%), Mancherial (16-25%) respectively. These findings highlight the widespread presence of Fusarium wilt in chickpea crop growing regions of Telangana. Consequently, it is essential to explore effective management strategies to address this issue, as chickpea is a remunerative pulse crop suitable for cultivation in black soils during early rabi.
Speed Control of a PMSM drive system using a nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller
Authors: Yahia MAZZI  , Hicham Ben Sassi  , Fatima Errahimi  , Najia Es-Sbai
Published: January 2025

Due to its dependability, high accuracy, and performance, the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is becoming an attractive option for electric vehicle traction systems. In this context, the objective is to achieve high power conversion efficiency and high mechanical speeds with great precision. Therefore, motor control is of paramount importance in EVs as a vehicle on the road is prone to various disturbances and load variations. Hence, a robust speed controller is necessary to ensure high operational performance, precise speed tracking, minimal overshoot, and disturbance rejection. In this study, a nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller (NTSMC) is proposed for the speed control of a PMSM powered by a three-phase voltage source inverter (VSI). NTSMC is a well-established method that provides high-performance control and can effectively handle parameter uncertainties and disturbances, making it highly suitable for PMSM speed control. The stability of the NTSMC is validated using Lyapunov stability theory. Finally, several simulations are performed. The proposed method demonstrates through simulations that it surpasses the conventional proportional-integral (PI) controller. Additionally, it provides precise speed tracking, high-performance control, and reduced overshoot, proving its feasibility and  effectiveness.
Enhancing Cold-Start Recommendations with Innovative Co-SVD: A Sparsity Reduction Approach
Authors: Loukili Manal , Messaoudi Fayçal
Published: January 2025

This research introduces a novel methodology to enhance recommendation systems, specifically targeting the challenging cold-start problem. By creatively combining Collaborative Singular Value Decomposition (Co-SVD) with an innovative sparsity reduction approach, our study significantly improves recommendation accuracy and mitigates the challenges posed by sparse user-item interaction matrices. We conduct a comprehensive set of experiments, leveraging a sample e-commerce dataset, to demonstrate the efficacy of our approach. The results illustrate the superiority of our Enhanced Co-SVD model over traditional Co-SVD, content-based filtering, and random recommendation in various evaluation metrics. In particular, our methodology excels in cold-start scenarios, providing accurate recommendations for users with limited interaction history. The implications of our research extend to practical applications in e-marketing, user engagement, and personalized marketing strategies, highlighting the potential for enhanced customer satisfaction and business success. This work represents a critical step forward in the evolution of recommendation systems and underscores the importance of addressing the cold-start problem in modern online services.
Big Data in the Revolution of Medical Data: A Review
Authors: Azeroual Amal , Nsiri Benayad , Oulad Haj Thami Rachid , Belhoussine Drissi Taoufiq
Published: January 2025

Big Data plays a crucial role in the medical sector, fundamentally transforming the collection, organization, and interpretation of medical data. This shift significantly enhances healthcare quality, propels medical research, and improves healthcare system effectiveness. Medical Big Data comprises a vast and diverse array of health-related information, generated at an unprecedented scale and speed, including electronic health records, medical imaging, genomic data, clinical trials, and data from wearable devices. Analyzing this data can reveal vital insights into disease patterns, treatment effectiveness, and population health trends, thereby aiding in the creation of personalized medicine, predictive analysis, and innovative healthcare solutions. Effective utilization of Medical Big Data requires advanced computational and analytical methods to extract meaningful insights, thereby fueling progress in healthcare and medical research. This review aims to provide specialists with a comprehensive overview of Big Data's application in diagnostic and medical domains, including its current usage in healthcare. We particularly focus on how the integration of Big Data with artificial intelligence has led to more accurate predictive models for disease outbreaks and patient health risks, enhancing preventive care strategies. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that Big Data-driven personalization of treatment has significantly improved adherence to therapies and health outcomes in chronic disease management.
Enhancing Performance and Latency Optimization in Fog Computing with a Smart Job Scheduling Approach
Authors: Meena Rani  , Kalpna Guleria  , Surya Narayan Panda
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, Internet of Everything (IoE) devices are growing rapidly, producing vast amounts of data. Cloudcomputing offers processing, analysis, and storage solutions to manage these large data volumes. However, the rising latency and bandwidth usage could be more suitable for real-time applications, including intelligent healthcare devices, online gaming, and surveillance via video. In order to tackle the rise in latency and bandwidth utilization in cloud computing technology, Fog Computing (FC) has been developed as it offers networking, processing, storage, and analytics functions. Since FC is still in its early stage, scheduling jobs and allocating resources are two significant issues. With the help of this innovation, there are resource limitations on the fog devices at the network’s edge. Consequently, scheduling is crucial for choosing a fog node for a job assignment. An intelligent and effective work scheduling algorithm can decrease energy usage and application request response time. This research introduces an innovative Quality of Service Priority Tuple Scheduling (QoSPTS) scheduler that optimizes network capacity and latency while enabling service for the IoE. This case study demonstrates the effective management of IoE device requirements by efficiently allocating resources across fog devices and optimizing scheduling to enhance quality of life. The study uses iFogSim to compare the proposed scheduling algorithm with other methods by considering energy efficiency, network utilization, cost, and latency as performance measures. Results showed that the proposed Scheduler’s latency network bandwidth, energy utilization and cost are highly enhanced compared to traditional approaches such as FCFS, Concurrent, Delay-Priority, and QoS-Aware.
High-performance novel anode-supported microtubular protonic ceramic fuel cells via highly efficient and simplified extrusion technology
Authors: Zhuang Zichen , Huang Zuzhi , Zhang Xiaoyu , Liu Kui , Zheng Guozhu , Chen Ting , Sun Ruili , Xu Lang , Wang Shaorong
Published: January 2025

Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) are regarded as efficient energy conversion devices for addressing the challenges of carbon neutrality, which can directly convert the chemical fuel energy into electricity at reduced operating temperatures below 700 °C. However, the insufficient strength and immature preparation processes of PCFCs limit their practical application. In this work, the novel anode-supported microtubular PCFCs with a tube diameter of less than 5 mm were successfully prepared by extrusion technology combined with a dip-coating method. The newly developed BaZr0.4Ce0.4Y0.1Gd0.1O3-δ (BZCYG4411) proton-conducting electrolyte was synthesized using an extremely simple and efficient one-step solid-state reaction method, showing comparable electrical conductivity with BaZr0.4Ce0.4Y0.1Yb0.1O3-δ (BZCYYb4411) and BaZr0.1Ce0.7Y0.1Yb0.1O3-δ (BZCYYb1711) electrolytes, as well as excellent chemical stability. The single cell with Ba2Sc0.1Nb0.1Co1.5Fe0.3O6-δ (BSNCF) cathode exhibited a high peak power density of 906.86 mW cm-2 at 700 °C. Additionally, this microtubular PCFC demonstrated excellent stability after about 103 h durability test at a constant current of 0.5 A cm-2 at 650 °C. This study provides a highly efficient and simplified technology for fabricating high-performance and durable anode-supported microtubular PCFCs.
FORECASTING HORTICULTURAL PRODUCTION BASED ON RAINFALL WITH VECTOR AUTOREGRESSIVE EXOGENOUS (VARX) METHOD
Authors: Ayu Septiani  , Hardianti Fatmi  , Ritsu Haiban Hirzi  , Muhammad Gazali
Published: January 2025

Changes in the production yield of three leading commodities in NTB Province continue to fluctuate and may harm society. To examine the condition of the production of cayenne pepper, red onion, and tomatoes based on rainfall in the coming period, a model is needed that can predict multivariate time sequence data. There are several models of multivariate time sequence analysis, one of which is the autoregressive exogenous vector (VARX). The VARX model is a multivariate time series model consisting of several endogenous variables (p) and supplemented with exogenous variables (q). The purpose of this study is to obtain a suitable VARX model and an estimation of cayenne pepper, onion, and tomato data. Using the VARX method, the optimum lag was obtained with the smallest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value, namely at lag 5 with a value of 66.5160. Based on the overfit carried out, the appropriate and best model to be estimated is VARX (1.1) with a total value of 66.42364, which meets the assumption of white noise and multivariate normal distribution that satisfies the optimum forecast amount.
COMPARISON OF MACHINE LEARNING CLASSIFICATION ALGORITHMS IN GROUPING INCOME DISTRIBUTION INEQUALITIES IN JAVA AND BALI
Authors: Qorinul Huda  , Puput Budi Aji
Published: January 2025

Inequality is a growing issue in several countries, both developed and developing countries. The level of state income reflected in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) cannot yet describe whether income allocation is equitable or not. High GDP is the goal of a country, but welfare is much more important. Community welfare in a country can be interpreted as how much state income is enjoyed by the community. One benchmark for whether a country's income is equally enjoyed by its people or not is through the Gini index.
As industry 4.0 progresses, economic growth continues to increase. The largest share of Indonesia's GDP is on the islands of Java and Bali. Behind the rapid economic growth on the two islands, there is also inequality in income distribution. This research aims to classify districts and cities on the islands of Java and Bali based on factors that influence inequality using a data mining classification algorithm.
This research uses four algorithms, namely Decision Tree, Logistic Classification, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine (SVM). These four methods will be compared (compared) based on model evaluation, so that they are able to predict testing data for the next period in order to produce the correct regional classification. This research also accommodates handling of imbalanced data, data imputation, and forecasting using Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN).
Quantification of Mutual Mass Transfer Coupled with Heat Transfer for CO2/C3H8-Heavy Oil Systems Under Reservoir Conditions
Authors: Dong Xiaomeng , Lu Yang , Li Yunlong , Yang Daoyong
Published: January 2025

Experimental and theoretical methods have been developed to quantitatively assess the heat and bidirectional mass transfer between a hot solvent (i.e., CO2 and C3H8) and heavy oil. Experimentally, we performed diffusion experiments for hot solvent-heavy oil systems at elevated pressures and temperatures using a pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) setup. The dynamic volume change of the oleic phase has been continuously measured and recorded throughout each experiment. At the conclusion of each test, gas chromatography (GC) analysis has been conducted on the collected gas samples. Theoretically, a diffusion model has been integrated with heat transfer to determine the mutual diffusivities for the hot CO2/C3H8-heavy oil systems by incorporating the volume-translated (VT) Peng-Robinson equation of state (PR EOS) together with the modified alpha functions and acentric factor redefined at Tr = 0.6. The mutual diffusivities can be determined once the computed parameters, including oil swelling factors and gas composition, match the measured ones. Due to solvent dissolution, heavy oil is found to swell faster initially as both heat and mass transfer contribute to the oil swelling. After the system temperature is stabilized, the volume of the diluted oil expands slowly as a result of the ongoing mass transfer. The extraction process was evident during the experiments with the presence of oil components in the collected gas samples, and it was found to be stronger at a higher temperature. The diffusivities determined using different alpha functions in the PR EOS are similar, but the newly defined acentric factor with the optimum alpha function minimizes the deviation between the measured and computed parameters. In addition to new experimental data, the bidirectional mass transfer between solvent and heavy oil has been quantified for the first time by coupling heat transfer.
Effects of pre-gestational exposure to the stressors and perinatal mirtazapine administration on the excitability of hippocampal glutamate and brainstem monoaminergic neurons, hippocampal neuroplasticity, and anxiety-like behavior in rats
Authors: Dremencov Eliyahu , Paliokha Ruslan , Viñas-Noguera Mireia , Bukatova Stanislavá , Grinchii Daniil , Gaburjáková Jana , Gaburjáková Marta , Özbaşak Hande , Dekhtiarenko Roman , Khoury Talah , Lacinova Lubica , Dubovický Michal
Published: January 2025

When accompanied by excessive exposure to the stressors, pregnancy may result in prenatal depression, that has in turn negative influence on the offspring’s brain. Mirtazapine, among other antidepressants, is commonly used to treat prenatal depression. Even though mirtazapine is generally considered safe for pregnant women, its effect on the offspring brain have not been sufficiently investigated. The present study aimed to examine the effects of chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) in pregestational rats, prenatal mirtazapine treatment, and their combination, on offspring behavior and brain function. We assessed offspring anxiety levels during the elevated plus maze (EPM) test, the expression of pro-neuroplastic proteins in the offspring brain, the excitability of brainstem monoamine and hippocampal glutamate neurons, and the expression and activity of ryanodine receptors (RyR2). Prenatal mirtazapine had an anxiolytic effect on the offspring of the stressed dams. This effect was associated with an increased excitability of serotonin (5-HT) neurons and elevated expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Regarding the offspring glutamate and dopamine neurons, the combination of maternal stress and mirtazapine inhibited their burst firing, potentially due to decreased expression of the glutamate receptors. Even though calcium signaling is important for the burst firing of the neurons, the effects of maternal stress and mirtazapine on the burst activity of the offspring glutamate and dopamine might not be mediated via mechanism(s) involving the RyR2. Summarizing, mirtazapine may diminish the negative influence of maternal stress and depression on the offspring brain, via mechanism(s) putatively involving 5-HT neurotransmission and BDNF.