bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vulnerability Analysis to Climate Change in Lembeh Island, North Sulawesi
Authors: Retnowati Endang , Yusri Safran , Idris  , Sesotyo Widodo Mikael Prastowo , Fakhrurrozi
Published: December 2019

The local community in Lembeh Island, North Sulawesi depend on natural resources that is affected by climate change, such as fisheries and agriculture, and therefore their vulnerability to climate change needed to be assessed. A vulnerability and resilience survey was done in three villages in Lembeh Island, which were Kareko, Pintu Kota, and Pasir Panjang. Questionnaires survey with parameters of the sensitivity, exposure, and adaptive capacity were done to 90 households. Results showed that the most vulnerable village is Pintu Kota. This is due to the decline of the fisheries outcomes that affected by extreme weathers as the result of the climate change itself. Aside from that, the local community in Pintu Kota Village was lack of information and knowledge about the mitigation and adaptation strategy to the natural disaster and climate change effect. On the other side, the most resilient village is Pasir Panjang, this is due to most households there usually have members with several alternative livelihoods, so that the local community of Pasir Panjang have the ability and skill to survive toward the impact of the ecological disaster and climate change. Since Lembeh Island experienced a high exposure to climate change, the local community need to cope with and adapt to it. Therefore, this study output addressed the government and other related institutions to promote better mitigation and adaptation strategy towards ecological disaster and climate change impacts.
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever vulnerability indicators valuation due to climate change in Semarang City
Authors: Cahyorini  , Azhar K , Veridona G
Published: December 2019

Information about the vulnerability of an area due to climate change is one of the supporters on the implementation of the early warning system which is carried out as one of the adaptation activities in health sector in the face of climate change. Health vulnerability assessment research due to climate change was conducted to determine the level of vulnerability and influential indicators for adaptation planning. The study was conducted in the City of Semarang in 2015, to determine indicators of vulnerability for dengue disease due to climate change. Weighting vulnerability indicator variables was done using Principal Component Analysis. The results of the indicators valuation obtained were temperature classification and flood for the exposure component; population density and cases of dengue disease for the sensitivity component; number of health care facilities, number of health workers, clean and healthy living behaviour programme, and healthy houses for adaptive capacity components. The Exposure Index for Dengue Hemorragic Fever (DHF) was found at low and moderate levels, the Sensitivity Index for DHF was at moderate and high levels, while the Adaptive Capacity Index was at very low and low levels. It is necessary to plan and implement proactive policies so as to increase the adaptive capacity of local communities and reduce sensitivity to DHF.
Challenges in Development of Mitigation Options: A Case of Bogor City
Authors: Kartikasari Kiki , Anggraini Syahrina D. , Suharto Ari
Published: December 2019

Regardless of increasing concern to climate change, mainstreaming the issue into a development plan has been challenging. A review at Bogor City government’s development plans reveals that a range of activities has been incorporated to reduce the City’s Greenhouse Gases (GHG) emissions and these activities have also targeted major and increasing emission sources based on their emissions profile. We identified relevant activities indicated in Medium-Term City Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah - RPJMD) and Medium-Term Sectoral Strategic Plans (Rencana Strategis - RENSTRA) for the periods of 2014–2019. We examined the emission profile and similar to other cities worldwide, energy was revealed as the largest source of emission in Bogor. Emissions from energy sector accounted for 99% of the total city emission and 36% of it come from transportation. We also examined the annual trends. In 2016, Bogor City had a population of 1,064,687, a 10% increase from year 2010. The increase was similar to their GHG emissions which showed a 13% increase in 2016 compared to the 2010’ level. The growth between these two parameters, however, was not similar. While Bogor City’s population showed a positive trend, despite at smaller rate than in previous years, emissions level in 2016 was actually less than the 2015 level. This significant emission reduction within a year might not merely be the results of mitigation action, but other factor such as economic condition. Review on Bogor City government’s Development Plan for the period of 2014–2019 showed six groups of mitigation programmes were being implemented. Some of the activities within the programmes were progressing well while others were having set back. Consultation with relevant agency’s officers revealed some operational constraints to the implementation of the mitigation activities. Bogor City has developed a Bus Rapid Transportation (BRT) system called Trans Pakuan and has improved pedestrian area to reduce individual vehicle trips. Despite enthusiasm from City Government through these programmes, the increasing trend of e-hail apps transportation was potentially constraining as their ability to cater door-to-door trip is preferable for users than using bus or walking. In the waste sector, lack of segregating habit in households contributed to problems in 3R (reduce, reuse, & recycle) stations. These findings indicate that development of mitigation options needs a comprehensive approach, including consideration of people’s habit and acceptance of the options.
Distribution Modelling of Porites (Poritidae) in Indonesia
Authors: Yusri Safran , Siregar Vincentius P. , Suharsono
Published: December 2019

Porites (Poritidae) is one of the most temperature induced bleaching-resistant coral genera. Therefore, their presence is essential for coral reefs to survive when facing the threat of climate change. Species distribution modelling for Porites corals could provide predictive maps of species distribution in various scenarios, and therefore provided the input for decision support tools. Distribution Model will cover coral reefs in Indonesia, using maximum entropy. Data from field observations collected by TERANGI Foundation since 2002 in various places of Indonesia, Indonesia Institute of Sciences since 1999, specimen data from GBIF, and other various sources were used as the only current input for the analysis. Environmental variables were derived from satellite imageries and oceanographic models, such as HYCOM, LANDSAT 8, MODIS AQUA, and GEBCO. Genera identification were based on Suharsono (2017). The results found that the model was well-performed with AUC value of 0.9747 and if compared to the null distribution, it was considered statistically significant (AUC = 0.7348). Jackknife analysis indicated that the environmental variables with the biggest contributions were substrate type, bathymetry, and mean of chlorophyll A concentration.
Studying macroscopic mushroom diversity at Bandealit Resort, Meru Betiri National Park, Jember, East Java
Authors: Lailiyah Salma Fadlilatul , Arifin Muhammad Zainul , Firmansyah Fikri Sakti , Tanjung Wahyudi Fauzi , Oktavianto Pradhipta , Hamzah Annas Abi , Herliyana Elis Nina
Published: December 2019

Mould is an important part of the eukaryotic organism in the forest ecosystem. The diversity of fungi in the Indonesian forest, especially in Bandealit Resorts is largely due to the conditions of vegetation and the supportive environment. The purpose of this study is to study the diversity of macroscopic mushroom in the Bandealit Resorts, Meru Betiri National Park, Jember Regency, East Java. Macroscopic mushroom diversity data is scooped up by cruising methods. The mould found is recorded as data based on mushroom morphology such as colors, substrates, covering forms, stalk forms, and has pores or lamella. In addition to environmental data of temperature, humidity, and headedness is also taken to determine biotic and environmental factors that foster the growth of mushroom. Mushroom documentation was then passed by way of comparison. Based on the identification, we found a fungus with two Phylum: Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, with as many as 33 species belong to 8 ordos. The Basidiomycota group is most commonly found and with the most dominated order of Polyporales. Most of the mushrooms are found in soot substrates.
Morphological Classification of Tea Clones (Camellia sinensis, Theaceae) at the Mount Lawu Forest, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Syahbudin A , Widyastuti A , Masruri N W , Meinata A
Published: December 2019

This study aims to find out the morphological classification of tea clones and its utilization, which is established closed to mount Lawu forest, East Java. One tea plantation managed by PT Candi Loka (Jamus tea plantation) was selected. It has an area of 478.20 hectares and improve the quality and productivity of tea by planting tea clones. Identification and determination based on morphological characteristics of tea clones and interviews were carried out in 2016-2018. Seven tea clones were recorded according to leaf thickness and length, lifespan and fine hairs on the tea buds. Those are Asamica, Yabokita, Chin, GMB 3, GMB 7, TRI 2024, and TRI 2025. Asamica is the oldest clone since 1866. The most commonly planted is GMB 7 because of high productivity and good shoot quality. Chin clone is not bred anymore. Even though the quality is pretty well, its productivity is less because leaf shape is narrow. TRI 2025 clones have the highest productivity due to its long and thick leaves. The tea is then processed into products such as white tea, green tea, black tea/fragrant tea, and coffee flavoured tea. White tea and green tea are increasingly popular as traditional medicines.
The Activity Budget of Timor Deer (Cervus timorensis) in Savana Bekol, Baluran National Park
Authors: Fawzy A , Sjahfirdi L , Alikodra H S
Published: December 2019

The timor deer (Cervus timorensis) is deer that natively distributed within Java and Bali, and has been introduced to other regions and other countries. The aim of this study is to observe the daily behavior of timor deer that inhabited Savana Bekol, Baluran National Park. We collected the data of timor deer behavior using continuous focal animal sampling method (Altmann 1974). We collected the daily activity budget data for 12 hours, from 06.00 until 18.00. Results showed that in general females spent most of their activities during the day (from high to low) on feeding, resting, moving, other activities, and vigilance While males spent most of their activities on resting, feeding, moving, other activities, and vigilance.
Kayu Kuku (Pericopsis mooniana Thw.) Seedlings Growth Response to Tailing Media Added with Vermicompost, Rhizobium, and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
Authors: Perala I , Wulandari A S
Published: December 2019

Kayu kuku (Pericopsis moonianaTHW.) has ability to grow excellently on former clay and nickel mining sites but it is unknown how this species can adapt on mercury-contamined soil. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectivity of vermicompost, rhizobium and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on improving the seedling growth ofP. moonianaon mercury-contamined soil of gold mining tailings media. The study was conducted in a greenhouse using a factorial randomized complete design consisting of 3 factors (vermicompost, rhizobium, and AMF). The application of vermicompost, rhizobium, and AMF could not able to increase the heights, diameters, biomass, and number of root nodules. In contrast, the treatments could increase the amount of chlorophyll, leaf area, primary root length, secondary root number and seedling life percentage up to 92%. Based on root-shoot ratio ofP. moonianaseedlings indicated that these seedlings are not suitable to be planted in the field. Symptoms of Hg toxicity seen in seedlings morphology are: leaf and root discoloration, reduction in leaf area, shortening of primary roots, reduction of secondary roots.
Variations of IAA Concentration to the Growth of Sengon Tissue Culture
Authors: Nurhanis S E , Wulandari R S , Suryantini R
Published: December 2019

Sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) is a fast-growing plant that has high economic value. However, the presence of sengon in the wild every year begins to decline due to high demand for sengon wood. The availability of increasing sengon seeds, the propagation is carried out through tissue culture techniques. This study aims to determine the best Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) concentration on the growth of sengon explants. This study used an experimental method with treatment of IAA concentrations of 0 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, 1 mg/L, 1.5 mg/L, and 2 mg/L. Each treatment was repeated three times and analyzed using one-way analysis. The results showed that the concentration of IAA 1 mg/L was the best treatment for the growth of roots length. The concentration of IAA 0.5 mg/L is the best treatment for plantlet height growth.
Review: The Potential of Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia spp) as Medicinal Plants
Authors: Manar P Al , Utama S E P , Hasan G M , Hidayat M S
Published: December 2019

Sarang semut (Myrmecodia spp) is a plant that attached and hangs on to other larger plant. The stem is bubbling, and there are many spaces or cavities inhabited by ants inside. Sarang semut contain chemical compounds from the flavonoid and tannin groups which are known to be able to cure various diseases. This study aims to gather information about the efficacy of Sarang semut as a medicinal plant. The study conducted during April-May 2019 at Darmaga Campus of IPB. The method used is a literature study. One example of Sarang semut species found in Indonesia is Myrmecodia pendans. Myrmecodia pendans is one of the epiphytic medicinal plants and has the potential to be an antioxidant and to cure cancer. The crude extract of Sarang semut has an antibacterial effect on both grams positive and negative bacteria, including the bacteria S. aureus, K. pneumonia, and S. dysentriae. The extracts, fractions, and isolates of Sarang semut tubers proved to have antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity, immune modulator, and anticancer. Sarang semut has the potential as a medicinal plant. Sarang semut is sufficient to treat cancer, tumors, nosebleeds, stomach ulcers, hemorrhoids, heart diseases, tuberculosis, rheumatism, gout disorders, strokes, ulcers, kidney, and prostate dysfunction.
The Floral Morphology and Anatomy of Kenanga (Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson)
Authors: Nurhayani F O , Wulandari A S , Suharsi T K
Published: December 2019

Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson is one of the essential oils producing plants that have many benefits for humans. However, there is little information about the floral morphology and anatomy of C. odorata. The aim of this study is examining the floral morphology and anatomy of C. odorata. The flower morphology (color, shape, and size of the flower) were observed at fresh mature flowers. While, the flower anatomy (pistil, stamen, and ovary) were observed at flower histological samples. The flower was fixed, dehydrated, alcoholized, embedding in paraffin, and stained with safranin-fast green. The results of this study showed that flowers of C. odorata are complete flowers that had 3 green sepals (0.5 – 0.9 cm), 6 – 12 yellowish-green petals (2.5 – 7.2 cm), 8 – 15 dark green pistils (5 – 8 mm), and numerous stamens. The shape of pistils is oval and contains one ovary which has 8 – 12 ovules. The shape of the stamens is elongated oval and contains pollens. The information about the floral morphology and anatomy of C. odorata might enhance the understanding of future studies regarding natural reproduction and cultivation programs.
Physical and Chemical Analysis of Land in Forest Peat Swamp in Resort Pondok soar, Tanjung Puting National Park, Central Kalimantan
Authors: Rinaldi Paxia Syifa , ’Akromah Zakhruvia Nisa , Ramadhan Hafiz , Husna Salsabila , Syamsudin Dzikry Lesmana , Panggabean Paulo Bintang , Murdianti Rina Agustin , Fatahillah Muhammad Haris , Perala Iwan , Rizqia Eka Khaula , Yahya Siti Azizah , Novitasari Ade , Wibowo Cahyo
Published: December 2019

Peatlands are ecosystems with the particular characteristic that is high organic matter content. On the other hand, these features lead to the peat soil vulnerable to decreasing the quality of the land. This study aimed to analyze the physical and chemical properties of peat soil in the peat swamp forest in the Resort Pondok soar, Tanjung Puting National Park in Central Kalimantan. The method used in this research is systematic sampling with a set of five points as soil sampling with twice replications within the plot measuring 100 m × 100 m. Peat soil at the site of research has added to peat ranged from 20 -> 400 cm. Tests showed there are different levels of maturity of peat from fibric until saprik, and the peat is likely to have the same maturity level or more raw than the maturity level of peat with field tests. The results of color identification are very dusky red, dark reddish-brown, reddish-black, and black. Peat soil has a pH ranging from 3.7-5.2 with an average pH of 4.5 (acidic), does not contain pyrite, ash around 1:13% - 43.88%, and the content of organic C ranges from 32.55% - 57.35%.
Vertical Distribution of Macro Nutrient on Drained Peat for Acacia crassicarpa plantations
Authors: Lisnawati Y , Siregar CA
Published: December 2019

The development of peatlands for pulp Industrial Timber Estates (ITE) by reducing the water table has changed the balance of the ecosystem and the characteristics of peat soil in the area. The research aims to determine soil chemical after the implementation of drainage system on peat for Acacia crassicarpa plantation. Two field researches were conducted in ITE and natural peatlands in Riau Province. The research plot was made in a single transect observations perpendicular to the drainage channel. Parameters observed were chemical characteristics including vertical distribution of macro nutrients. The characteristics condition of plantation forest was then compared with the natural peat site. The measurement result of chemical parameters analyzed descriptively in the form of charts. Simple regression is used to observe the effect of drainage on those characteristics. The results showed that the presence of drainage system gave significant changes in the level of peat maturity at 0-150 cm depth as it causes subsidence rate of 5.5 cm / year. Further, the chemical characteristics indicates that there is an increase in the value of the macro nutrient content of N, P, K, Ca in ITE, however, there is a deficit of K, especially at 50-100 cm depth.
Diversity of Butterflies on Different Ecosystems and Seasons
Authors: Haneda N F , Panggabean P B
Published: December 2019

Indonesia is a tropical country that has two seasons, dry and wet. These climate conditions make Indonesia have mega biodiversity. The organism that has high diversity is an insect. Butterflies are exotic insects for diversity. This research aims to calculate and compare the abundance, diversity, richness, evenness, and similarity of butterfly species in several different ecosystems and seasons, and analyze the effect of seasonal differences on their abundance. The sampling method used the time search method on primary forest, secondary forest, plantation, and paddy field on the border of South Sulawesi (Pinrang Regency) and West Sulawesi (Mamasa Regency). The results showed that in the dry season, there were 156 species from 25 families of butterflies, while in the wet season, 74 species from 10 families of butterflies found. Three species of butterflies are protected and nine endemic species.
Forest Fire Occurrence in Berbak Sembilang National Park Jambi Province on 2000-2018 and its relationship with fuel load
Authors: Mora A M , Saharjo B H , Prasetyo L B
Published: December 2019

There are many researches on forest and land fires has been carried out, however, forest and land fires in Indonesia still occur every year. It has been a historical record that in 1982–1983 forest and land fires in West Kalimantan which burned an area of 3.6 million hectares seemed not to be a lesson in monitoring fire, especially in forest areas. Berbak Sembilang National Park (TNBS) consists of ecosystems of peat swamps and freshwater swamps which are very vulnerable to fire especially during long drought and severe dry season. Fires in 2015 brought a major impact to people in Sumatra Island. This research analyzed hotspot occurreces on different land cover and land use in TNBS. Hotspot were analyzed by using Getis-Ord-Gi*. The result showed that repeated fires continue to occur in the TNBS area every year either during El-Nino or La-Nina period, resulting on ecological change in TNBS..
The influence of scarification and media containing vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza on germination of sandalwood (Santalum album Linn) seeds
Authors: Pamungkas Dani , Doland Nichols J
Published: December 2019

Sandalwood (Santalum album) is an essential species as containing fragrant substances in the heartwood. Seed germination is one of the essential keys to the success of sandalwood development, and the use of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) is also essential to plant enhancement. This study aimed to obtain information on the influence of scarification techniques and the use of VAM on germination media to sandalwood seed germination. Five scarification treatments (control, soaked in water for 24 and 48 hours, GA3300 and 500 ppm for 17 hours) and two VAM application (with and without VAM) were employed (split-plot with completely randomized design (CRD)). The result showed that the cumulative germination was higher on the seed with scarification of soaked in GA3 solution 300 and 500 ppm than control, soaked in water 24 H and 48 H. This pattern also appeared on germination index. Mean germination time showed slower on control, soaked in water 24 H and 48 H than the use of GA3300 and 500 ppm. The use of VAM did not significantly affect the cumulative germination, germination index, and mean germination time. A time-series observation showed that seed sown on media with VAM tended to germinate slower than media without VAM.
Plant Regeneration Through Direct Somatic Embryogenesis from Leaf Explants of Paraphalaenopsis Labukensis P. S. Shim
Authors: Garvita R.Vitri , Sahromi
Published: December 2019

Paraphalaenopsis is a small genus of the tribe Vandeae, the genus comprises 4 species: Paraphalaenopsis denevei, Paraphalaenopsis laycockii, Paraphalaenopsis labukensis and Paraphalaenopsis serpentilingua. All are known endemic to Borneo, and also rare due to over exploitation, therefore requires rescue efforts. In vitro culture is one of effort that can be done to regenerate a large number of seedlings and to ex situ conservation. Optimal growth and morphogenesis of tissues may vary for different plants according to their nutritional requirement. Auxin (NAA) is an essential factor for root growth in tissue culture work. Activated charcoal is often used in tissue culture to improve cell growth and development. This research was conducted to find out the in vitro growth effect from leaf explants of P. labukensis with plant growth regulators (NAA) and activated charcoal on ½ MS medium as basal medium. The treatment with NAA 2 ppm and 1 g/l activated charcoal showed the highest percentage of life (50 %) and percentage of leaf (57.1 %). The largest percentage of roots showed in 2 g/l activated charcoal (35.7 %). The death of leaf explants P. labukensis was caused by browning. The phenolic compound which accumulated during wounding is causing browning.
Silviculture and Productivity of Calamus inops as an Important Resource toward Self-Financing for Lore Lindu National Park
Authors: Rinekso  , Yulianto  , Hikmat Agus , Kusmana Cecep
Published: December 2019

Local communities have been given access to harvest rattan in the traditional zone of Lore Lindu National Park (LLNP) as the conservation incentive. Calamus inops is the most valuable rattan in terms of economic value. Therefore, the purpose of the research is to propose conservation strategies of Calamus inops and analysis its potential source of self-financing mechanism for LLNP. We conducted the rattan inventory using stratified sampling based on habitat types with 39 strip samplings and 195 plots. The results showed that Calamus inops was found in lower montane forest and upper montane forest. The habitat preferences were various such as altitude ranges from 931 m asl to 1753 m als; pH from 6 to 7.5; and climate in C1, D1, and E1 of the Oldeman classification. Whereas, standing stock and productivity of traditional zone in 2018 were 397.23 tons, and 92.7 tons year−1 respectively. LLNP will gain benefits for self-financing trough decreasing monitoring operational cost and non-tax state revenue (PNBP) from rattan. Briefly, Calamus inops has potential as a financial resource combining with other revenue sources of LLNP. For improvement, restocking with seedlings and implement other silvicultural practices are strongly suggested to increase productivity. Moreover, it is needed supporting regulations to implement the self-financing concept.
Potential Nutrient Leaves of Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb for Improving Soil Physical Properties of Post Mining Areas in East Kalimantan
Authors: Sukariyan  , Marjenah  , Kustiawan W , Hartati W , Wiyani N
Published: December 2019

The Physical damage of soil in the post mining area in overburden (OB) material in the form of hardened and compacted structure and texture of the soil. Physical soil damage affects plant growth rate. The Enterolobium cyclocarpum Griseb plant has the ability to grow, has a high macro-nutrient content in the leaves, high macro-chemical content can improve the repairment of the soil physical properties into crumbs and fertility.
Land Suitability Evaluation of Jati Plus Perhutani: Study Case in Ngawi and Surakarta Forest Management Unit
Authors: Muharyani N , Abdillah E , Cahyanti E T N , Maryanto  , Sudaryanto E
Published: December 2019

Soil is one of the land resources that serves as a medium for plant growth, habitat for soil organisms, recycling systems for nutrient and organic matter and water supply mechanism. Soil qualities and characteristics will determine their ability as a land resource that could change at any time. Soil suitability evaluation conducted by soil survey, aimed to assess the characteristics of the soil, determine the limitation factors of land suitability, and alternatives cultivation to improve its productivity. This research aimed to determine land characteristics, land suitability classification, limitation factors of land suitability, and providing strategic directives for JPP teak cultivation on the research location at Ngawi and Surakarta FMU. The result of land evaluations are clay land texture, relief: flat (<3-8%) to mountainous (30-40%). Low soil infiltration rate, high water restrain ability, difficult to cultivate and high run-off potential in slope area. Soil acidity: slightly acid (6.11) to alkaline (7.81), C-organic: low (0.58) to high (3.49), N-Total: very low (0.07) to moderate (0.22), P2O5: very low (3.78) to very high (32,0), K2O: moderate (0.58) to very high (1.40), which were formed from 2,039.71 – 2,072.01 mm year-1 rainfall rate with isohypothermic soil temperature and ustic soil humidity regime. Current Land Suitability on sites is not suitable permanently (N2) due to rooting condition as limiting factor (soil effective depth). The potential land suitability to be improved is disassembling the land mechanically, application of organic substances and soil conservation implementation.
Effects of Goat Manure and NPK on the Growth of Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen in Ex-limestone Mining Soil
Authors: Chotimah T , Wasis B , Winata B
Published: December 2019

Limestone mining is the kind of human activities producing negative impacts to the ecosystem stability. Revegetation is one of the efforts to improve the ecosystem of ex-limestone mining soil. Species selection that appropriates with the marginal soil is the key to reach the successfully revegetation. Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen is a pioneer species, potential to be planted on ex-limestone mining soil. This research aims to analyze the effect of goat manure and NPK fertilizer to promote the growth of P. falcataria seedlings in ex-limestone mining soil and to find out the optimum dose of those combination treatments. The result showed that the combination of goat manure and NPK fertilizer did not significantly affect height, diameter, total wet weight, total dry weight, shoot-root ratio growth parameters. However, that treatment significantly affected the number of root nodules. These results indicated that P. falcatria is a pioneer species that may adapt quickly to grow in ex-limestone mining soil. The addition of goat manure and NPK fertilizer could improve that soil characteristic and the P. falcatria growth.
Natural regeneration potential of Shorea pinanga Scheff and Shorea platyclados Slooten ex Endert. in Gunung Dahu research forest, Bogor-West Java
Authors: Maulidah I , Pamoengkas P , Rachmat H H
Published: December 2019

Natural regeneration potency is important component that ensure replenished of trees as older trees are died or harvested. Natural regeneration drives the change of stand structure by time. The objectives of this research were to analyze the potential and natural regeneration of S. pinanga and S. platyclados stand, and to analyze environmental factors that affect the natural regeneration of both species in Gunung Dahu Research Forest (GDRF). Natural regeneration potantial of S. pinanga was very low, only 4 seedlings were found in 2 observation plots, while natural regeneration potential of S. platyclados was higher that had total number of 1874 seedlings observed. Environmental conditions such as slope and elevation were sufficiently support regeneration of S. platyclados at the seedling level.
Improvement of Early Growth of Endemic Sulawesi Trees Species Kalappia celebica by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Gold Mining Tailings
Authors: Husna  , Tuheteru F D , Arif A , Solomon
Published: December 2019

Kalapi (Kalappia celebica Kosterm.) is an endemic species of Sulawesi and listed in the IUCN red list as an endangered species. In addition, information about silviculuture of K. celebica type in the world is still limited. One important component of silvicultural techniques to support conservation efforts of K. celebica is the application of fertilizers such as mycorrhizal biofertilizers. The aim of the study was to examine the improvement of initial growth of K. celebica by inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on gold tailings media. This research was conducted in the greenhouse of the Indonesian Mycorrhizal Association (AMI) branch of Southeast Sulawesi in March - July 2019. The study was designed by using a completely randomized design with 4 AMF inoculums treatments namely control, Acaulospora delicata, Ambiospora appendicula, and Mixed AMF types. Each treatment was repeated 3 times with 5 plant units of each treatment. The results showed that the AMF colonization ranged from 42.2 to 74.6%. The colonization of AMF significantly increased the early growth of K. celebica aged 4 months. Inoculation of A. delicata significantly increased shoot height, number of leaves, shoot and total dry weight. There was no difference of AMF effect in both diameter of the stem and roots dry weight. The dependence of K. celebica on mycorrhizal fungi was high about 51-71% (Mycorrhizal inoculation effect). AMF inoculation improves the initial growth of K. celebica, therefore, it can contribute to the conservation of tropical endangered tree species.
Research on Constant Current Control of Regenerative Braking in Hybrid Energy Storage Electric Bicycle
Authors: Xie Yongdong , Pan Chaofeng , He Zhigang , Gao Qiangye , Chu Yating
Published: December 2019

Electric vehicle has gradually become a hot research topic due to the energy crisis and environmental pollution problems. But the traffic is becoming much more crowed because of the sharp increase in the number of private cars, for this reason, the electric bicycle has been more and more popular owing to the convenience of it, especially the electric bicycle is easier than vehicle to park, but the mileage short problem of electric bicycle is always the main factor to influence the development of electric bicycle, moreover, electric bicycles are chiefly used under urban conditions which have frequent start and stop process, so single energy source electric bicycle can not be very good to adapt to these driving conditions. So far, there is little research about the application of the super capacitor and regenerative braking system of the electric bicycle. In this paper, regenerative braking system of hybrid energy storage electric bicycle is the research object, the mathematical model of regenerative braking system of hybrid energy storage electric bicycle has been established, regenerative braking system of hybrid energy storage consists of the brushless dc motor, Buck - Boost DC-DC converter, super capacitor and controller. In order to validate the regenerative braking system model, the regenerative braking simulation test system has been designed and developed, the equivalent small power brushless dc wheel motor drive system is used to simulate the drive system of electric bicycle. The mathematical model of regenerative braking system is calculated and experimental verified, the results show that the established mathematical model is accurate and effective. In order to maintain small braking torque fluctuation range during the braking process, constant current control strategy has been employed to control the armature current. As simulation result and experiment data shows, the hybrid energy storage system can effectively absorb the regenerative braking energy. Stable braking torque can be implemented and higher energy recovery efficiency has been realized in the process by adopting the constant current control strategy.
Assessment of Development Equilibrium of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration Based on Passenger Car Data
Authors: Shi Qiufang , Jia Bin , Li Jiangtao , Cui Can
Published: December 2019

Urban agglomeration is a regional unit or spatial form of urbanization and economic integration development. Since governments attach more and more importance to the urban agglomeration, the development of urban agglomeration has been rapidly advanced. However, the problem of insufficient and disequilibrium development of urban agglomeration is becoming very outstanding. Therefore, scientific assessment of the urban agglomeration development equilibrium can identify problems and rationally plan for their coordinated development in the future. We use the passenger car data which can better reflect the economic interaction between urbans within an urban agglomeration as the basic data. Then we extract the origin and the destination (OD) of each car trip by combining with the point of interest data close to the road network. Each car trip can be regarded as an interaction between the OD point. In this paper, we take the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration (CZX UA) as the research object. We select car interaction intensity, urban GDP per capita, urban road mileage per unit area and car ownership per capita in CZX UA as the indicators to comprehensively evaluate the development equilibrium of CZX UA. The result reflects that there is a big difference between the interaction in urbans and the development degree from the eastern to the central regions of CZX UA is gradually decreasing, which can proffer advice for the future coordination and sustainable development of CZX UA.
Gradation Design and Performance of OGFC-13 Steel Slag Permeable Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Fan Shen , Pang Ruonan , Wei Guosu , Lu Ji , Fang Sifa
Published: December 2019

Steel slag permeable asphalt concrete was prepared with steel slag as aggregate and mineral powder as filler. The percentage passing rate of each grade of aggregate was calculated through the screening results of each grade of aggregate. The mixing ratio of five groups of raw materials was pre-designed according to the specifications of highway asphalt pavement, and the data with 2.36mm and 4.75mm as the key sieve holes were verified by mathematical regression method. Based on this, by testing the road performance of the standard Marshall specimens produced by the pre-designed five-component ratio, the optimal ratio of asphalt mixture with a voidage of 20.5% is obtained: w (13.2-9.5mm) : w (9.5-4.75mm) : w (4.75-2.36mm) : w (2.36-0mm) : w (ore powder)=45:41:5:6:3. The Marshall stability of steel slag permeable asphalt mixture prepared according to this ratio is 6.07KN, 5.65KN by soaking Marshall, 93.08% by residual stability, 2698 times/mm by dynamic stability, and 45.3 by seepage coefficient. All technical indicators meet the requirements of asphalt pavement construction technical specificatio.
Study on the Appropriate Level of Motor Vehicles in Shenyang
Authors: Zeng Tong
Published: December 2019

Based on the urban box theory model, a maximum limit model for vehicle exhaust emissions was established to determine the maximum limit of NOX emissions in Shenyang. Based on the model for calculating the appropriate level of vehicle ownership in Shenyang City, the vehicle ownership was calculated under different standards, promoting the grey prediction of motor vehicle ownership in Shenyang city. Studying the appropriate level of motor vehicle ownership in Shenyang city can help reduce urban traffic pollution to a greater extent and ensure people’s happy life.
Prediction of dilatancy of tunnel surrounding rock in coal measure strata: A case study of Huainan mining area
Authors: Yin Zhiqiang , Zhang Xiangyang , Ma Haifeng
Published: December 2019

In this study, the dilatancy of tunnel surrounding rock in coal measure strata was comprehensively investigated by means of field monitoring, theory analysis and algorithm analysis. The study reveals that dilatancy is related to many phenomena of coal mine disasters such as gas outburst, rib spalling and rock burst. Accordingly, the method of predicting these phenomena through dilatancy monitoring was proposed. Furthermore, a method based on support vector machine was proposed to predict the dilatancy of coal seams, and the dilatancy limit of coal and rock mass was defined as the criterion for judging whether a working face was to undergo dynamic disasters. A working face will undergo disasters when its dilatancy exceeds the dilatancy limit, in which case the support of working face should be strengthened. The criterion was then verified in the stope. The research results have important guiding significance for prediction and prevention of coal seam disasters.
Research on Cycling Distance Based on Cyclist Perception
Authors: Li Ruiyan , Ji Shujuan , Wang Yuanqing
Published: December 2019

Traffic congestion and environmental pollution have become more serious problems in the urban development process, and the choice of bicycle travel can effectively improve these problems. Firstly, this paper adopts stated preference (SP) survey, taking the bicycle survey in Xi’an as a data sample to analyse the influencing factors of cyclists’ path choice based on understanding the cyclist’s perception. It is found that mixed traffic is the main factor affecting the proportion of bicycle trips. Then, using revealed preference (RP) survey obtains the OD and path of cyclists and records bicycle facilities settings along the way. Based on the above conclusions, a multivariate linear regression model is established for the logarithmic value of the actual cycling distance and the cycling distance of various bicycle facilities. It is found that adding 1 km of cycling lanes separated with obstacles, cycling lanes separated with dashes adjacent to bus lanes and cycling lanes without bicycle facilities, cyclists are willing to increase the cycling distance by 1.968 km, 1.433 km and 1.405 km.
The optimization of traffic congestions in big cities: the role of the motor vehicle restriction mechanism
Authors: Mou Enmin , Zhou Yaodong , Sun Zhaoyu
Published: December 2019

In large cities, the traffic congestion has become an important issue that hinders urban economic development. The motor vehicle restriction policy is an important means for big cities to reduce traffic congestions, and is also used by many large cities around the world. According to the practical experience in Beijing, this paper makes the survey to analyze the impact of restrictive policies on residents’ travel choices and takes travel habits into consideration, to provide an urban traffic congestion solution. This paper argues that the restriction policy as an effective way to optimize the traffic in large cities by reducing the proportion of motor vehicle travel choice by 33.2%. In addition, travel habits as a conductive mechanism play the key role in solution of urban traffic congestions.
Visual analytics on big data of urban traffic trajectories
Authors: Hao Wu , Lin Zhang , Shao Ziyi
Published: December 2019

With the rapid development of Smart city and Big data concepts and technologies, how to quickly and accurately organize and reflect traffic data information has become the main topic of current research for urban traffic trajectory big data with increasing geometric quantity. Traffic trajectory visualization is favored for its ability to visually and vividly reflect traffic trajectory information. In this paper, the main research results of visual analysis of urban traffic trajectories in recent years are summarized from three main methods: direct visualization, aggregate visualization and feature visualization. The problems and future prospects of urban traffic trajectory data visual analysis research are summarized.
Effect of Air Filter on Performance of S1110 Diesel Engine
Authors: Yang An-Jie , Song Zhong-Jie , Yang Jian-Wei , Zhao Cheng-Jian
Published: December 2019

Single-cylinder diesel engine are manufactured in large numbers and widely used in china. Both industry and academia are spending efforts to improve its performance by reducing the exhaust emission level, vibration, noise and energy consumption. This article studies the effects of different air filters on the perfomrance of a S1110 single-cylinder diesel engine. Through the load characteristic and speed characteristic bench tests, output power, torque, smoke and other parameters under different working conditions were measured. The results show that the new designed air filter (type-B) has significantly improved the power and economy of the diesel engine, and the exhaust smoke is significantly reduced.
Research on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Model of Ship type Main Dimension
Authors: Wei Hongbin
Published: December 2019

In order to formulate the main dimensions of standard ship form systematically and reasonably, this paper first systematically comb the development status of the main dimensions of standard ship form at home and abroad. For foreign countries, from the perspective of waterway standards and the development time of inland river standard ship form construction, this paper discusses the development process of ship form standardization in the United States and the European Union; for domestic countries, from the perspective of the relevant management documents of waterway and inland river navigation ships that have been issued, the development process of ship form standardization in China is discussed. Secondly, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is established by using the theory of fuzzy mathematics and the comprehensive evaluation method. This paper discusses the selection of evaluation indexes in the evaluation method by using the benefit analysis of participants, analyses the composition of the existing standardization index system of ship form, and delimits the factors for the selection of evaluation indexes. Finally, the formulation principle and composition of the evaluation index system are given.
Research on Development Status of “Multiple-plan Integration” and Urban Comprehensive Transportation Planning
Authors: Wei Linghong , Yin Yixiao , Zhong Guo
Published: December 2019

The Central Committee of the Party and the State Council attach great importance to the work of Multi-plan Integration, and explicitly request that the work should be promoted at many meetings. As one planning of “Multiple-plan Integration”, the coordinated development of urban comprehensive transportation planning with Multi-plan involves many links such as planning, construction, operation and management. At present, there are some problems between urban comprehensive transportation planning and Multiple-plan, such as insufficient content interaction and collaboration, lack of effective communication and feedback. On the basis of fully understanding the theory of Multiple-plan and urban comprehensive transportation planning, the paper sorts out and analyses the development status of the above two and the reasons for the existing problems, combines with relevant domestic urban cases, studies and puts forward the related requirements of “Multiple-plan Integration” on urban comprehensive transportation planning, which provides a theoretical basis for the further development of urban comprehensive transportation planning.
Rationality Analysis of Channel Maintenance Scale in Long River Section
Authors: Yu Yuhuan , Li Zhaoyang , Liu Xinglong
Published: December 2019

Based on the actual maintenance scale of the waterway of Changjiang Wuhan Waterway Bureau in 2018, this paper compared and analyzed the width-depth ratio of the actual maintenance scale of each reach, and the ratio of the actual maintenance scale to the monthly planned maintenance scale. Then, the rationality of channel scale is further analyzed, and the rational analysis of channel maintenance scale is explored, which can provide support for the assistant decision-making of digital channel of Yangtze River.
Research on trouble diagnosis method of braking anti-lock system based on vehicle data flow
Authors: Zhang Tianhao , Xu Shuquan , Liu Fujia
Published: December 2019

Trouble diagnosis method of anti-lock braking system based on vehicle data flow was proposed. The selection principles of trouble diagnosis parameters and trouble modes were analyzed firstly, then 3 trouble modes and 9 parameters including four wheels’ speed, vehicle speed, brake pedal position, steering wheel angle, lateral acceleration and yaw rate were selected based on SAE J1939, 48 sets of test data were obtained by vehicle trouble simulation test. The test data were pretreated to form 32 sets of training samples and 16 sets of test samples, and then neural network models were trained and validated. The accuracy of the test results reach 100% by adjusting and optimizing smoothing factor values. The results show that the neural network model based on vehicle data flow can achieve accurate trouble diagnosis.