bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pavel S. Popov  Chelpanov
Authors:   Independed Researcher, Semenova Angelina I.
Published: January 2023

The article updates the memoirs of the famous philosopher, logician, theorist of literature, translator Pavel Sergeevich Popov (1892–1964), dedicated to the pion­eer of philosophical and psychological thought and the founder of a full-fledged Russian psychological school in the first half of the 20th century, Georgy Ivan­ovich Chelpanov (1862–1936). Below publishing second part of Chapter V “G.I. Chelpanov” of P.S. Popov’s memoirs “Images of the past. Memories from university, gymnasium, and childhood years”. P.S. Popov’s text allows you to re-look at G.I. Chelpanov as a person and philosopher, not only to appreciate his personal qualities as “a propagandist, an agitator, and even an advertiser” of ex­perimental psychology but also to update his philosophical ideas. The value of P.S. Popov’s archival materials lies in the discovery of additional research per­spectives for understanding both the published heritage of G.I. Chelpanov and the entire historical, cultural, and intellectual context of philosophical discus­sions of the first half of the 20th century. Domestic intellectual culture’s experi­ence shows the productivity of the reception of ideas only in connection with the specific contexts of their creation and the fate of their creator. Therefore, under­standing the inextricable link between personality and thought is essential for ac­tualizing the philosophical and humanitarian heritage.
Science, Technology and Philosophy in the Cultural Identity of Nations
Authors:   Universita di Genova, Agazzi Evandro
Published: January 2023

The article from a perspective of philosophy of science undertakes an attempt of broadening and refining the sense of addressing interrelations between science, technology and philosophy in contemporary research. The author points out that the hope that technological and scientific development of the last few decades would solve all the problems of the world were naïve and did not contribute suf­ficiently to the analysis of the current situation and the concept of science. As a possible solution the article proposes to take a look on the origins and ac­tual functioning of the phenomenon of science from a wider perspective. There­fore, the author conducts a historical-philosophical investigation that shows how widely spread modern views on science that led to the loss of cultural identity and unity emerged from the spirit of rational philosophy. The break between phi­losophy and science further led to the break between science and technology. Using the inspired by non-Western tradition thought of Indian philosopher De­piprasad Chattopadhyaya the author provides a framework for a fruitful concep­tion of that unity of the sciences and humanities that should be a result of re­thinking their interrelations and foundations in the course of history and culture.
The Problem of the Origin of Moral Norms: Social-Computational and Processual Approaches
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Apressyan Ruben G.
Published: January 2023

The article compares two approaches to the problem of the origin of moral norms – computational and processual. The first one is critically analyzed by the example of I.F. Mikhailov’s computational interpretation of morality and corre­sponding analysis of the origin of moral norms. The second one is demonstrated by analyzing the stages of the formation of the Golden Rule by the means of a method of rudimentary normative content conceptual explication. The au­thor argues that any nomogenetic consideration in ethics, assumes a certain con­cept of morality, its nature, and the content of the norms under study as its methodological basis. This is often overlooked in particular scientific studies of morality, with the result that moral scientists are unwittingly constrained by mundane or “folk” ideas of morality and are unable to trace the specificity of moral phenomena in comparison to phenomena that are similar in generic characteristics but different in specific (for example, the peculiarity of moral norms compared with legal, administrative, or norms of courtesy and public de­cency). The normative structure of modern morality is heterogeneous: along with the norms formed spontaneously, in the process of long-term cultural and histori­cal development, there are norms formulated projectively for the needs relevant to particular practices (such are the norms of professional, corporate, organiza­tional ethics), hence the processes of formation of natural and artificial norms are fundamentally different, which one should take into account when approaching to theoretical reconstruction of nomogenesis in morality.
Kinds of Properties vs Types of Predication: The Problem of Differencing Types of Existence in the Philosophical Tradition of A. Meinong and E. Mally
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Seliverstov Vladimir V.
Published: January 2023

This paper is based on a comparative analysis of two concepts of Austrian philosophy and several concepts within the analytical philosophical tradition. In 1912, Ernst Mally wrote a work that influenced the theory of his teacher, Alexius Meinong, and the new tradition within the framework of analytical metaphysics. First, he clarifies the theory of Meinong by providing a more rea­soned answer to the criticisms expressed, in particular, by Bertrand Russell. Sec­ondly, he also introduced the distinction between encoding and exemplification, which perhaps enabled the object theory to better implement that task, but vio­lates the basic principles of Meinong’s theory. These two distinctions have influ­enced the formation of two traditions. All authors generally believe that they have adequately adapted theories of Meinong and Mally, slightly optimizing their conceptions. The aim of this research is to understand whether their distinc­tions are just a formalization of the original distinctions, or whether their theo­ries are completely independent, inspired by Austrian philosophers.
Ivan Karamazov’s Poem “The Grand Inquisitor”: Dostoevsky’s Response to the Protest of Archimandrite Theodore (A.M. Bukharev)
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (The Pushkin House), Russian Academy of Sciences, Barsht Konstantin A.
Published: January 2023

The article suggests that the chapter “The Grand Inquisitor” in F.M. Dosto­evsky’s novel “The Brothers Karamazov”, which raises the question of the ne­cessity/undesirability of strict administration in the field of church and social life, is a reflection of the views of Archimandrite Theodore (A.M. Bukharev), for his protests against the infringement of the human right to choose a religious model and social freedom subjected to bullying by conservative circles. In a num­ber of his books throughout the 1860s Bukharev insisted on the need to abandon authoritarianism, he questioned the inviolability of church dogmas in favor of a free spiritual search of a person not constrained by restrictions. Contempo­raries, including A.I. Herzen, commenting on this issue, spoke of Bukharev’s persecutors from the Synod and the “Domashnaya beseda” magazine (The Home Conversation) as “inquisitors” who dealt with the philosopher in the same way as the Spanish religious police did. Bukharev’s main idea was the need for the country and the whole world to move from the generally accepted Old Testament model of political and trade relations between people based on the idea of “an eye for an eye” to benevolent positive ties based on the principle of brotherly love, commanded by Jesus Christ. Dostoevsky laid this idea at the foundation of the ideology of “pochvennichestvo”, as was reported in the “Announcement” about the publication of the magazine “Time”, the organ of the socio-cultural project created by him. The motives and the basic structure of Bukharev’s logic, the idea of the saving power of Christian love, were used by Dostoevsky in all his works written after Bukharev’s death. It was used with the greatest force in the novel “The Brothers Karamazov” for modern readers at the level of hidden allusion, and for contemporaries it was done in the form of an open allusion.
From Aesthetics towards a Social Theory of Art (Benedetto Croce)
Authors:   Altai State University, Popov Evgenii A.
Published: January 2023

The article examines the views of B. Croce related to the social theory of art. The importance of the question lies in the fact that Croce, in essence, preached an interdisciplinary approach to the study of art. The article touches upon the ba­sic principle of the thinker’s aesthetics – the understanding of art as intuition. Croce’s system of views was based on the aesthetic canon, but the thinker rea­lized the need to understand art in a social way, so he focused on identifying the value nature of this phenomenon. A number of Croce’s works are devoted to the value foundations of art. The article reveals the prerequisites for Croce’s transition from aesthetics to the social theory of art. His approach to understan­ding the role of society in the existence of art and the influence of “social aes­thetics” on the rethinking of art are also analyzed. The peculiarity of his social views is revealed: in order to understand the essence of the phenomenon of art, it is first necessary to turn to the assessment of the capabilities of society in order to establish its “readiness” to comprehend art.
Time philosophizes. Conversation between T.G. Shchedrina and V.A. Lektorsky
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lektorsky Vladislav A. , Shchedrina Tatiana G. ,   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2023

Conversation of the executive secretary of the journal “Problems of Philosophy” T.G. Shchedrina with Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences V.A. Lek­torsky on the eve of his ninetieth birthday. Actual problems of epistemology, ar­tificial intelligence, the relationship between philosophy and cognitive sciences were discussed. The focus of the conversation is on global technologization and the anthropological consequences associated with it, as well as the ori­ginal concept of constructive (activity) realism, which V.A. Lektorsky has been developing for many years. At the same time, special attention was paid to Rus­sian intellectual culture, as well as the epistemological tradition in Russia in the 20th century (the ideas of L.S. Vygotsky, M.M. Bakhtin, A.A. Bogdanov, E.V. Ilyenkov, etc.).
The Practice of ‘Fraternal Correction’: Theological Grounds and Confessional-Cultural Specificity
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Korzo Margarita A.
Published: January 2023

Fraternal correction (“correctio/correptio fraterna”), or love-motivated edification of the sin­ner, aimed at his repentance and correction based on the gospel fragment Matt. 18:15–17, was a part of everyday practices in early Christian and monastic communities; later it re­ceived theological interpretation and justification in the writings of Augustine, Alexander of Hales, Thomas Aquinas, William of Ockham, Jean Gerson, of early Modern scholastics. The theological and canonical thought of different epochs turned to this topic often in con­nection with specific socio-political circumstances or events of church life. Despite the di­versity of points of view, fraternal correction was understood as a positive prescription, for the fulfillment of which certain conditions are necessary: their absence makes it possible to refrain from edifying the sinner; in some situations, it is even morally unacceptable to re­sort to this procedure. In the literature for the laity, a positive prescription for fraternal cor­rection has appeared since the 13th century; over the next centuries, this prescription be­comes more and more categorical, in the early Modern times, it turns into an uncondi­tional duty: failure to fulfill this duty was regarded as a sin and was subject to confession. The procedure described in Matt. 18:15–17 also becomes one of the forms of horizontal moral reform in early modern societies, is used by different Protestant denominations to jus­tify the practice of censorship of morals and the activities of church courts (consistories), is also used to give legitimacy to certain situations of denunciation in both Catholic and Protestant communities.
The Practice of Subjectification in the Stoic Philosophy of Marcus Aurelius
Authors:   State Institute of Economics, Finance, Law and Technology, Rusakov Sergei S.
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of philosophical constructions of Marcus Aurelius, one of the representatives of late Stoicism. The interest in the works of the last “good emperor” is connected with the historical study of Michel Foucault, aimed at studying the ethical teachings of Marcus Aurelius and his declared practices of self-care. The work carried out by the French thinker, on the one hand, is deeply interesting from the point of view of inte- grating Stoic practices into the general concept of subjectification, i.e., the self-construction of human subjectivity. On the other hand, Foucault’s analysis is not systematic, and his idea of Marcus Aurelius is presented in a fragmented and generalized way. The aim of this article is to provide a systematic overview of the practices of subjectification (self-care) found in his correspondence with Fronton and in his diary, entitled Alone with Myself. Among the practices presented are the following: the technique of writing oneself, the inspection of consciousness, spiritual cognition, the exercise of memory, and the exercise of the last day. The article shows what variations of these exercises are found in other philosophers of antiquity, and how far these techniques of self-care transformed with the development of Stoicism. The analysis points out exactly how each practice should influence the forma- tion of subjectivity, and how the subject should be formed in the view of the philosophers of late Stoicism.
The Golden Rule and the Principle of Justice in Henry Sidgwick’s Ethics
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Artemyeva Olga V.
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes the peculiarities of conceptualization of the Golden Rule in Sidgwick’s ethics. The significance of his approach to the study of the Golden Rule is determined, in par­ticular, by the fact that he introduced the Golden Rule into the context of moral theory and, fo­cusing on the analysis of the Golden Rule as a statement, started the tradition of thinking about the rule in analytical ethics. In his consideration of the Golden Rule, Sidgwick assumed that it represents a fundamental moral intuition recognized by all humans. However, the evangelical formulation of the rule, in his view, is vague, open to ambiguous and false interpretations and, because of the significance of the rule, needs to be clarified and reformulated. In an effort to rationalize and clarify the normative content of the Golden Rule, Sidgwick links it to the principle of justice, in which he emphasizes the idea of universalizability. Universalizability according to the model of the Golden Rule is realized through the correlation of one's own judgments and actions with other people’s judgments and actions. The idea of universalizabil­ity in his interpretation sets the criterion for right action in general and right action in rela­tion to others, in particular. Sidgwick's association of the Golden Rule with the principle of justice was essential because justice was most often correlated with the Talion. The correla­tion of justice with the Golden Rule provides a different image of justice: it manifests itself in the reciprocal willingness of persons to act proactively, to balance their interests with the in­terests of others and to allow no exceptions for themselves. This creates a space of humanity, providing conditions for positive interactions between people.
Some aspects of artificial personality architecture
Authors:   Financial University under the Government of Russian Federation, Vinnik D.V.
Published: January 2023

This paper examines the possibility of artificial personality as a form of strong AI and as a model of the human psyche. It is argued that connectionism is not relevant for creating an artificial personality – brain is a hybrid system, which, in addition to self-learning circuits, contains algorithmic procedures. A hypothesis of the functional role of the awareness of self-consciousness property as a reflexive rank, since genuine intelligence arise, is proposed. AI as a model can be built as a hybrid multi-agent system. Some circuits may be analog, others – digital; some systems may be self-learning, others may operate under algorithmic rules and mathematical functions. The success of perceptronical inclines to idea that sensation modeling can be self-learning. The level of emotions can be realized as primary representations in the analog form. The later may be abstracted in judgments treated as secondary representations. The level of self-consciousness or meta-psychological states implies certain possibility of learning to self-learning (as an analogue of awareness of self-awareness) using secondary representations at the input.
Divine Freedom, The Pre-mundane Fall and The Hiddenness Argument
Authors:   Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khramov Alexander
Published: January 2023

The paper examines the hiddenness argument, originally developed in «Divine Hiddenness and Human Reason» (1993) by John Schellenberg. This argument is based on the notion of perfectly loving God eager to establish a personal relationship with everyone who is not resistant to Him. Since there are many unbelievers left ignorant about God without any fault on their part, God is not perfectly loving. If unsurpassable love is a necessary attribute of theistic God, as Schellenberg maintains, it follows that theistic God does not exist. Two possible objections against this reasoning are highlighted. First, it could be argued that theistic God has absolute freedom rather than unlimited love. In this case He is free to hide or disclose Himself to anyone He deems suitable for this. Second, the hiddenness of God could be linked to the pre-mundane Fall, committed by the souls beyond the realm of visible things. Thus any form of unbelief is stemmed from the original resistance to God, even if some persons seem to be nonresistant in their present earthly lives. This model, inspired by the teachings of Eastern Church Fathers, helps to reconcile hiddenness of God with His unsurpassable love to all the creatures.
Is Swinburne’s God as Simple as Possible?
Authors:   N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, Gasparov Igor
Published: January 2023

In this commentary I examine Richard Swinburne’s account of God’s moral goodness. According to Swinburne, God’s moral goodness consists in His immunity to irrational motivation and in the maximal perfection of motivation. Such a God Swinburne calls a ‘best-acting’ God and argues that He is the simplest kind of personal God who could explain the existence of our universe. In my commentary, I first consider some implications of Swinburne’s account of God's moral goodness, which seem problematic to me; second, I offer my own account of the nature of God’s moral action, which could be an answer to these problems. Swinburne identifies two types of explanation of empirically observable reality, a personal explanation and an impersonal (scientific) explanation but reduces both to an explanation in terms of substances and their powers, suggesting that the decisive factor in choosing an explanation is its simplicity. The difficulty of recognizing Swinburne’s best-acting God as the best explanation for the existence of the universe is that what makes such a God morally good is the libertarian choice in accordance with reason, which implies the presence in Him of some potentiality which He should be able to actualize in this choice. But the potentiality means metaphysical complexity, therefore, Swinburne’s best-acting God would be the simplest possible substance explaining the existence of the universe only if a purely actual, i.e. devoid of any potentiality, substance is impossible. Relying on Aristotle’s idea that God is His activity, I try to show that the existence of such a substance, which I call God-Virtue, is possible. My argument assumes that every substance possesses its own principle of action, actualization of which leads to its flourishing. In the case of intelligent substances, the flourishing consists in the actualization of their virtue. Not every activity, however, involves change, so there is a distinction between changing substances and unchanging (divine) substance – for the former flourishing involves a transition from potential state into actual one, whereas the unchanging divine substance does not need such a transition. It follows that it is possible for there to be a substance whose action does not involve any potentiality, so that it does not actualize virtue existing independently of it but is identical with virtue itself. I conclude with brief responses to possible objections that might be raised against my account of God as virtue.
THE EFFECT OF THE QUIZ TEAM METHOD IN THE DISCOVERY LEARNING MODELS OF THE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF THE STUDENTS
Authors: Riswandi Riswandi , Auliah Army , Jusniar Jusniar
Published: January 2023

This quasi-experimental study aims to determine the effect of the Quiz Team Method in the Discovery Learning Model on the learning outcomes of students of class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 7 Takalar on the buffer solution material. The posttest only control group design was carried out on class XI SMA Negeri 7 Takalar successively as the experimental class and the control class which was determined by random sampling from class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 7 Takalar as the population. This study uses descriptive analysis and inferential analysis. The results of the descriptive analysis obtained that the average learning outcomes of the experimental group were 78.9 higher than the control group, which was 76.70. The results of inferential statistical analysis on student learning outcomes showed that the experimental group and control group data came from a homogeneous population Fcount 1.59 < Ftable 1.78 but not normally distributed so that the hypothesis test used was a non-parametric statistical test, Mann-Whitney with = 0.05 obtained Zcount>Ztable (2.08>1.64). So it can be concluded that there is an effect of the Quiz Team method in the Discovery Learning model on the learning outcomes of class XI MIPA students at SMA Negeri 7 Takalar on the buffer solution material.
LEVEL ANALYSIS AND SUPPORTING FACTORS OF THINKING ABILITY ANALYTICAL IN SOLVING PROBLEM BASED PROBLEMS REVIEWED FROM THE LEARNING STYLES OF STUDENTS
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Fadly Wirawan
Published: January 2023

The ability to think analytically is one of the important abilities that must be mastered by students, being able to help students to analyze a problem logically, especially in looking for the relationship of concepts and situations that will be faced more easily, in addition to the ability to think analytically and logically play an important role to form patterns of logical structure in knowledge. The research method used is a mix-method that is a combination of methods (qualitative and quantitative) with a naturalistic design. This research was conducted at Ponorogo 1 Public Middle School with a sampling technique through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observations and documentation which were then analyzed using quantitative descriptive and qualitative descriptive. This study investigated to determine the level of analytical thinking skills of students in solving problem-based problems in terms of learning styles and supporting factors in improving analytical thinking skills. The results showed that: 1) The level of analytical thinking ability in terms of the learning styles of students, namely (a) visual style students are at the level of ability to conclude the main ideas that are more dominant, (b) on audiovisual students that are at the ability to identify and knowing various errors, (c) in kinesthetic learning style students are at the level of ability to identify a problem and at this stage a good understanding is needed. (2) Factors supporting students' analytical thinking skills and learning styles, Through these results it is expected to provide theoretical and practical insights for educators in determining the approaches and strategies for achieving analytical science competencies according to the learning styles of students in schools.
Case Study: Predicting Electrical Submersible Pump Failures Using Artificial Intelligence and Physics-Based Hybrid Models
Authors: Silvia Shejuti , Gilad Yocheved , Wilson Thomas Andrew , Akbari Babak , Furlong Edward R.
Published: January 2023

Despite being the most widely used artificial lift method for high-producing oil wells, ESPs still experience unplanned failures that impact well productivity and overall field economics. Our advanced ESP Predictive Failure Analytics (PFA) can help detect ESP events ahead of time and extend the overall ESP run life. PFA enabled a major Latin American operator, experiencing frequent unplanned ESP failures, to identify critical events while pumps were running and take remedial actions to extend ESPs run life.

Methods, Procedures, Process

PFA leverages artificial intelligence (AI), statistical and physics-based models to reliably predict Remaining Useful Life (RUL) and possible failure cause. The models are trained using historical sensor time-series from both running and failed ESPs. The trained models are deployed to predict short-term events that may lead to immediate failure, such as a broken shaft, short-circuit, grounded downhole failure; as well as long-term events which build up over time, such as pump low efficiency, sand, scale deposition and gassy conditions.

Results, Observations, Conclusions

For this study, we used two ESPs. For ESP-1, PFA predicted broken shaft/missed pump stages after a sudden decline in motor current and production rate. As the production rate declined beyond the minimum recommended operating range, PFA identified downthrust condition and estimated a significant RUL reduction. PFA enables the operator to quickly schedule a workover, reducing downtime. For ESP-2, intake pressure and motor current started decreasing and motor temperature started increasing. PFA predicted sand influx and estimated a significant RUL reduction. A chemical injection was applied to reduce sand, and avoid an imminent failure leading to PFA estimating an increased RUL.

Novel/Additive Information

PFA is an innovative approach which combines AI, statistical and physics-based methods to provide explainable predictions of ESP failure. Unlike commonly used threshold-based approaches, PFA tends to generate fewer alarms which enables proactive optimization of ESP performance, avoiding unplanned failures and extend ESP run life.
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumour of the Common Bile Duct: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Huang Xiang , Li Guoli , Wang Jinjing , Zheng Hong
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the common bile duct (CBD) is an extremely rare low-grade malignancy with various biological behaviours and a lack of specific clinical and histopathological features. Preoperative and intraoperative diagnosis are challenging, and an undiagnosed tumour can cause increased surgical trauma. Case presentation: We report a 34-year-old male who presented with yellowish whole-body skin and yellowish eyes for 20 + days. There was no history of abdominal swelling or pain, fever or chills. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a well-defined, asymmetrical, circumferential obstructing mass in the hilum-mid CBD. The patient was suspected to have cholangiocarcinoma and underwent total bile duct tumour resection and digestive tract reconstruction. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour, and the patient was followed up for three years and exhibited good health. Conclusion: We report a case and literature review regarding inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of the CBD, which is an extremely rare low-grade malignancy.
Improving the Value and Efficiency of Healthcare Services by Integrated Data Envelopment Analysis and Organizational Structure Design
Authors: Barros Oscar , Diaz Jorge
Published: January 2023

Measuring the efficiency of health services using Data Envelopment Analysis is a common practice nowadays. In addition, some studies use analytical techniques to discover the variables that explain the efficiency level of such services. Nevertheless, few efficiency analyses have resulted in proposals to design organizational health care structures that provide adequate management for actually improving efficiency. Thus, to address the lack of use of Data Envelopment Analysis results in practice, this paper provides a general methodology based on the idea that measuring the efficiency of healthcare services must be complemented with their redesign to obtain potential efficiency improvements. This redesign may include healthcare processes, e.g. clinical flows, analytical techniques to advise processes, e.g. intelligent models, information technology support for processes, and new management structures to facilitate the implementation and operation of the redesigns. Such methodology was applied to a large hospital specialized in cancer to illustrate its use and the results that can be achieved. Results show that the potential cost savings of new designs are about US$ 1.0 million yearly. To generate such savings, new medical and management practices were designed with the MDs’ participation. The implementation of the practices and their continuous evaluation and innovation was possible by a new organizational structure designed for such purpose. This work shows the importance of integrating several methodologies to generate better-founded designs. This integration is lacking in health-service design research, particularly in connection with architecture, processes, and organizational structure; this paper shows that this is a promising line of application.
Profile of the Multicenter Cohort of the German Cancer Consortium’s Clinical Communication Platform
Authors: Maier Daniel , Vehreschild Jörg Janne , Uhl Barbara , Meyer Sandra , Berger-Thürmel Karin , Boerries Melanie , Braren Rikmer , Grünwald Viktor , Hadaschik Boris , Palm Stefan , Singer Susanne , Stuschke Martin , Juárez David , Delpy Pierre , Lambarki Mohammed , Hummel Michael , Engels Cäcilia , Andreas Stefanie , Gökbuget Nicola , Ihrig Kristina , Burock Susen , Keune Dietmar , Eggert Angelika , Keilholz Ulrich , Schulz Hagen , Büttner Daniel , Löck Steffen , Krause Mechthild , Esins Mirko , Ressing Frank , Schuler Martin , Brandts Christian , Brucker Daniel P , Husmann Gabriele , Oellerich Thomas , Metzger Patrick , Voigt Frederik , Illert Anna L , Theobald Matthias , Kindler Thomas , Sudhof Ursula , Reckmann Achim , Schwinghammer Felx , Nasseh Daniel , Weichert Wilko , von Bergwelt-Baildon Michael , Bitzer Michael , Malek Nisar , Öner Öznur , Schulze-Osthoff Klaus , Bartels Stefan , Haier Jörg , Ammann Raimund , Schmidt Anja Franziska , Guenther Bernd , Janning Melanie , Kasper Bernd , Loges Sonja , Stilgenbauer Stephan , Kuhn Peter , Tausch Eugen , Runow Silvana , Kerscher Alexander , Neumann Michael , Breu Martin , Lablans Martin , Serve Hubert
Published: January 2023

Treatment concepts in oncology are becoming increasingly personalized and diverse. Successively, changes in standards of care mandate continuous monitoring of patient pathways and clinical outcomes based on large, representative real-world data. The German Cancer Consortium’s (DKTK) Clinical Communication Platform (CCP) provides such opportunity. Connecting fourteen university hospital-based cancer centers, the CCP relies on a federated IT-infrastructure sourcing data from facility-based cancer registry units and biobanks. Federated analyses resulted in a cohort of 600,915 patients, out of which 232,991 were incident since 2013 and for which a comprehensive documentation is available. Next to demographic data (i.e., age at diagnosis: 2.0% 0–20 years, 8.3% 21–40 years, 30.9% 41–60 years, 50.1% 61–80 years, 8.8% 81 + years; and gender: 45.2% female, 54.7% male, 0.1% other) and diagnoses (five most frequent tumor origins: 22,523 prostate, 18,409 breast, 15,575 lung, 13,964 skin/malignant melanoma, 9,005 brain), the cohort dataset contains information about therapeutic interventions and response assessments and is connected to 287,883 liquid and tissue biosamples. Focusing on diagnoses and therapy-sequences, showcase analyses of diagnosis-specific sub-cohorts (pancreas, larynx, kidney, thyroid gland) demonstrate the analytical opportunities offered by the cohort’s data. Due to its data granularity and size, the cohort is a potential catalyst for translational cancer research. It provides rapid access to comprehensive patient groups and may improve the understanding of the clinical course of various (even rare) malignancies. Therefore, the cohort may serve as a decisions-making tool for clinical trial design and contributes to the evaluation of scientific findings under real-world conditions.
Did real economic uncertainty drive risk connectedness in the oil–stock nexus during the COVID-19 outbreak? A partial wavelet coherence analysis
Authors: Al-Shboul Mohammad , Maghyereh Aktham
Published: January 2023

The paper extends the literature by examining whether real economic policy (the business condition risk (ADS)) can derive the risk connectedness in the oil–stock nexus during the COVID-19 outbreak using the multivariate wavelet coherency (MWC) and partial wavelet coherency (PWC) methods. The wavelet methods allow to isolate the effect of different global risk indices (such as the US economic uncertainty index (EPU), the crude oil volatility index (OVX), and the geopolitical risk index (GPR)) on the level of risk connectedness. Based on the daily data for the period January 2018–December 2020, we find that very strong impact of real economic uncertainty indices on risk connectedness. This impact is time-varying and frequency-sensitive, and it exhibits event-specific patterns. We find stronger MWC and PWC between real economy uncertainty indices and risk connectedness at lower frequencies. However, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis, higher coherencies are found at higher frequencies; conditional to the effect of each global risk factor (EPU, GRP, and OVX), we also find higher PWC between oil and equity volatilities at lower frequencies. This study provides useful guidance to regulators and portfolio risk diversifiers.
JEL Classifications : G12; G15; G18 ; G01; F3; E44
Understanding experiences of mental health help-seeking in Arab populations around the world: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Khatib Hania El , Alyafei Aisha , Shaikh Madiha
Published: January 2023

Background: Racial and ethnic disparities in mental health service utilisation and access is well established. Mental illness is common among Arab populations globally, but most individuals display negative attitudes towards mental health and do not seek professional help. The aim of this systematic review was to determine 1) help-seeking behaviours 2) help-seeking attitudes and 3) help-seeking barriers and facilitators, related to mental health services among Arab adults.
Method: A pre-defined search strategy and eligibility criteria allowed for database searching using terms related to: mental health, Arabs, help-seeking, as well as experiences and behaviours. Seventy-four articles were included and analysed through narrative synthesis. Results were reported using the PRISMA guidelines. The review protocol was registered prospectively on PROSPERO (CRD42022319889).
Results: Arabs across the world have negative attitudes towards formal help-seeking and are reluctant to seek help, despite the presence of psychological distress. There is little information on factors that influence help-seeking behaviours and rates of service use. Preference for informal help sources such as family and friends were expressed and considered more acceptable. Low mental health literacy, stigma, gender, age, education, religion, acculturation, and immigrant status were the most common factors influencing help-seeking attitudes. Barriers to help-seeking included stigma, privacy and confidentiality, trust, mental health literacy, language, logistics, and culture related barriers. Increasing societal and family awareness, external support and encouragement, shared culture between the client and therapist, quality of doctor patient relationship, and feelings of connectedness with the host country among refugees were mentioned facilitators. Mixed findings for the role of religion, and family and community, in relation to facilitating or hindering help-seeking were reported.
Conclusions: There is an increased likelihood and preference to seek informal sources of psychological support among Arabs. Contextual and cultural factors impeding help-seeking for Arabs are common across the world. Future research should address actual utilisation rates of services to better understand factors that influence help-seeking behaviours and facilitators to help-seeking. Increasing mental health literacy and developing anti stigma campaigns is necessary. Developing culturally informed interventions should inform future efforts to promote help-seeking among this population.
Evaluating Culture and Arts from an Economic Point of View
- Calculation of the cultural GDP of Kyoto Prefecture in 2015
Authors: Zhang Heming , Ishiro Taku
Published: January 2023

This paper aims to evaluate the culture and arts of the Kyoto prefecture from the economic point of view through the calculation of the cultural GDP of Kyoto prefecture in 2015. The method for calculating the cultural GDP in Japan is mainly based on the criterion of the UNESCO’s Cultural Satellite Account (CSA). Results reveal that the ratio of the cultural GDP to the total GDP in Kyoto prefecture is slightly higher than that of the whole country in Japan and each domain shows different characteristics from the national situation. Considering the growth strategies of cultural industries formulated by Japanese government, Kyoto prefecture should focus on developing its main industry and vigorously promote its cultural industries as well as activate the development of the traditional culture.
Association between regional dietary patterns and cardiovascular health status among elderly in China
Authors: Jiao Yingying , Li Weiyi , Jia Xiaofang , Wang Zhihong , Wang Huijun , Zhang Bing , Jiang Hongru , Ding Gangqiang
Published: January 2023

Objectives To evaluate the cardiovascular health (CVH) status of the elderly and analyze the effects of dietary patterns and demographic characteristics on CVH.
Methods A total of 4299 individuals aged 60 years and above from the China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2018 were selected as the research objects. Cluster analysis was used to analyze the dietary patterns. The definition of "Life’s Essential 8" of CVH released by American Heart Association (AHA)in 2022 was used to evaluate CVH status. Finally, multinomial logit model was used to analyze the impact of demographic economic characteristics on CVH.
Results Three dietary patterns were obtained by cluster analysis. In pattern 1, the intake of wheat, other grains, tubers and legumes was higher. Pattern 2 was dominated by high intake of aquatic products, vegetables and fruits; Pattern 3 was dominated by higher intake of rice and livestock meat. The total CVH score was 68.50, and sleep and blood pressure had the highest and lowest scores (85.85 and 37.64). Pattern 1 and Pattern 2 have slightly higher CVH scores. There were 16%-18% of the elderly with high CVH, and there was no significant difference in the distribution of high, moderate and low CVH among the three patterns (p=0.29). More than 50% of the elderly have 3-4 ideal metrics, 0.2% of the elderly have all 8 metrics reached the ideal state only in pattern 1. Multinomial logit analysis showed that the elderly in pattern 2 had 6-8 ideal metrics, which was 1.81 times higher than that in pattern 1; The presence of 6-8 ideal metrics in female was 3.42 times higher than that in male; Those with a college degree and above have 6-8 ideal metrics, which was 1.99 times of those with a primary school degree and below. Compared with 60-69 years, the presence of 6-8 ideal metrics in 70 years and above was 35% lower (OR=0.65,95%=0.49-0.87). The presence of 6-8 ideal metrics in high income group were 31% lower than those in low income group (OR=0.69,95%=0.47-1.00).
Conclusions The elderly in China were in moderate CVH. Dietary pattern characterized by higher intake of aquatic products, vegetables and fruits were more likely to have more ideal CVH metrics. It is necessary to take targeted intervention measures for the elderly and health factors with low scores to promote the improvement of CVH status.
Investigation of the effect of MQL coolant temperature in AISI 316L steel turning using ANN-based optimization
Authors: benkhelifa oussama , Cherfia Abdelhakim , Nouioua Mourad , Hammoudi Abderzzak
Published: January 2023

In recent years, reducing the lubricant quantity used for the machining processes have gained much attention in order to limit the excessive use of conventional lubrication, for different considerations such as economic, ecological, and physical aspects. The minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) process is considered as economically, environmentally friendly and to be effective in overcoming this problem. Accordingly, this paper aims to analyze and evaluate the hard turning efficiency of AISI 316L Stainless steel with respect to surface roughness (Ra), and cutting temperature (Tc), according to combinations of cutting speed (Vc), feed rate (f), and cutting depth (ap) using coated carbide insert when turning of AISI 316L under dry, and MQL machining. It could be possible to investigate the efficiency of MQL technique for an environment-friendly ecological machining. The ANOVA analysis has been performed to determine the effect of cutting conditions on studied outputs. The results revealed that the cutting speed had the most effective influence on Ra followed by feed rate and lubrication mode, with contribution ratios of 58.39%, 19.92% and 11.91%, respectively. While the lubrication mode had the most influence on TC, with a contribution ratio of 88.98%.
Importance of Broken Geometric Symmetry of Single-Atom Pt Sites for Efficient Electrocatalysis
Authors: Cho Junsic , Lim Taejung , Kim Haesol , Meng Ling , Kim Jinjong , Lee Jong Hoon , Jung Gwan Yeong , Viñes Francesc , Illas Francesc , Exner Kai S. , Joo Sang Hoon , Choi Chang Hyuck
Published: January 2023

Platinum single-atom catalysts (SACs) hold promise as a new frontier in heterogeneous electrocatalysis. However, the exact chemical nature of active Pt sites is highly elusive, arousing many hypotheses to compensate for the significant discrepancies between experiments and theories. Here, we identify the stabilization of low-coordinated PtII species on carbon-based Pt SACs, which have rarely been found as reaction intermediates of homogeneous PtII catalysts, but have often been proposed as catalytic sites for Pt SACs from theory. Advanced online spectroscopic studies reveal multiple identities of PtII moieties on the SACs beyond ideally four-coordinated PtII–N4. Notably, decreasing Pt content to 0.15 wt.% enables the differentiation of low-coordinated PtII species from the four-coordinated ones, demonstrating their critical role in the chlorine evolution reaction (CER). This study suggests general guidelines for achieving high electrocatalytic performance of carbon-based SACs based on all other d8 metal ions, e.g., NiII and PdII as well as PtII.
Shatavari Supplementation in Postmenopausal Women Alters the Skeletal Muscle Proteome and Upregulates Proteins and Pathways Involved in Training Adaptation
Authors: O'Leary Mary , Jackman Sarah R , Bowtell Joanna L
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Shatavari is an understudied but widely available herbal supplement. It contains steroidal saponins and phytoestrogenic compounds. We previously showed that 6 weeks of shatavari supplementation improved handgrip strength and increased markers of myosin contractile function. Mechanistic insights into shatavari’s actions are limited. Therefore, we performed global proteomics on vastus lateralis (VL) samples that remained from our original study.
Methods
In a randomised double-blind trial, women (68.5 ± 6 years) ingested either placebo or shatavari (equivalent to 26,500 mg/d fresh weight) for 6 weeks. Tandem mass tag global proteomic analysis of VL samples was conducted (participants - N = 7 shatavari, N = 5 placebo). Data were normalised to total peptides and scaled using a reference sample across experiments. Data were filtered using a 5% FDR. Log2 transformed fold change (week 6 vs baseline) was calculated and Welch’s t-test performed. Over-representation (ORA) and pathway enrichment analyses (PADOG) were conducted in Reactome (v79).
Results
76 VL proteins were differentially expressed between placebo and shatavari. ORA demonstrated that proteins in pathways related to metabolism of proteins, amino acids and RNA were downregulated by shatavari. Proteins related to the pentose phosphate pathway were upregulated. PADOG showed that proteins in pathways related to integrin/MAPK signalling, cell growth, metabolism, apoptosis, elastic fibre formation, the neuronal system and chemical synapse transmission were significantly upregulated.
Conclusion
Our analyses indicate that shatavari may support muscle adaptation responses to exercise. These data provide useful signposts for future investigation of shatavari’s utility in conserving and enhancing musculoskeletal function. Trial registration NCT05025917 30/08/21, retrospectively registered.
Protectin conjugates in tissue regeneration 1 alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting ferroptosis
Authors: Lv Ya , Chen Deming , Tian Xinyi , Xiao Ji , Xu Congcong , Du Linan , Li Jiacong , Zhou Siyu , Chen Yuxiang , Zhuang Rong , Gong Yuqiang , Ying Binyu , Smith Fang Gao , Jin Shengwei , Gao Ye
Published: January 2023

Background
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common and serious complication of sepsis with high mortality. Ferroptosis, categorized as programmed cell death, contributed to the development of lung injury. Protectin conjugates in tissue regeneration 1 (PCTR1) is an endogenous lipid mediator, exerting protective effects in multi-organ injury. However, the role of PCTR1 in the ferroptosis of sepsis-related ALI remains unknown.
Methods
Pulmonary epithelial cell line and the mouse model of ALI with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stimulation were established in vitro and in vivo studies. Ferroptosis biomarkers including Fe2+, GSH, MDA and 4-HNE were detected by relevant assay kits. GPX4 and PTGS2 protein were determined by western blotting. Lipid peroxides were examined by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay kit. Ultrastructure of mitochondria was observed with transmission electron microscopy. Morphology and inflammatory cytokine level predicted the severity of lung injury. Afterwards, related inhibitors were used to explore the potential mechanism by which PCTR1 regulated ferroptosis.
Results
PCTR1 treatment protected mice from LPS-induced lung injury, which was consisted with the effect of ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1. PCTR1 treatment decreased Fe2+, PTGS2 and lipid ROS contents, increased GSH and GPX4 levels and ameliorated mitochondrial ultrastructural injury. Administration of LPS or ferroptosis agonist RSL3 resulted in reduced cell viability, which was rescued by PCTR1. Mechanically, inhibition of PCTR1 receptor ALX, protein kinase A (PKA) and transcription factor cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) partly decreased PCTR1 up-regulated GPX4 expression and CREB inhibitor blocked the effects of PCTR1 on ferroptosis inhibition and lung protection.
Conclusion
This study suggests that PCTR1 suppresses LPS-induced ferroptosis via ALX/PKA/CREB signalling pathway, which may offer a promising therapeutic prospect in the sepsis-related ALI.