bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exceptional freshening and cooling in the eastern subpolar North Atlantic caused by reduced Labrador Sea surface heat loss
Authors: Fox Alan D. , Biastoch Arne , Cunningham Stuart A. , Fraser Neil , Handmann Patricia , Holliday N. Penny , Johnson Clare , Martin Torge , Oltmanns Marilena , Rath Willi , Rühs Siren , Sanchez-Franks Alejandra , Schmidt Christina
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Observations of the eastern subpolar North Atlantic in the 2010s show exceptional freshening and cooling of the upper ocean, peaking in 2016 with the lowest salinities recorded for 120 years. Published theories for the mechanisms driving the freshening include: reduced transport of saltier, warmer surface waters northwards from the subtropics associated with reduced meridional overturning; shifts in the pathways of fresher, cooler surface water from the Labrador Sea driven by changing patterns of wind stress; and the eastward expansion of the subpolar gyre. Using output from a high-resolution hindcast model simulation, we propose that the primary cause of the exceptional freshening and cooling is reduced surface heat loss in the Labrador Sea. Tracking virtual fluid particles in the model backwards from the eastern subpolar North Atlantic between 1990 and 2020 shows the major cause of the freshening and cooling to be an increased outflow of relatively fresh and cold surface waters from the Labrador Sea; with a minor contribution from reduced transport of warmer, saltier surface water northward from the subtropics. The cooling, but not the freshening, produced by changing proportions of source waters is mitigated by reduced along-track heat loss to the atmosphere in the North Atlantic Current. We analyse modelled boundary exchanges and water mass transformation in the Labrador Sea to show that since 2000, while inflows of lighter surface waters remain steady, the increasing output of these waters is due to reduced surface heat loss in the Labrador Sea beginning in the early 2000s. Tracking particles further upstream reveals the primary source of the increased volume of lighter water transported out of the Labrador Sea is increased recirculation of water, and therefore longer residence times, in the upper 500–1000 m of the subpolar gyre.
Propagating information from snow observations with CrocO ensemble data assimilation system: a 10-years case study over a snow depth observation network
Authors: Cluzet Bertrand , Lafaysse Matthieu , Deschamps-Berger César , Vernay Matthieu , Dumont Marie
Published: April 2022

Abstract. The mountainous snow cover is highly variable at all temporal and spatial scales. Snowpack models only imperfectly represent this variability, because of uncertain meteorological inputs, physical parameterizations, and unresolved terrain features. In situ observations of the height of snow (HS), despite their limited representativeness, could help constrain intermediate and large-scale modeling errors by means of data assimilation. In this work, we assimilate HS observations from an in situ network of 295 stations covering the French Alps, Pyrenees, and Andorra, over the period 2009–2019. In view of assimilating such observations into a spatialized snow cover modeling framework, we investigate whether such observations can be used to correct neighboring snowpack simulations. We use CrocO, an ensemble data assimilation framework of snow cover modeling, based on a particle filter suited to the propagation of information from observed to unobserved areas. This ensemble system already benefits from meteorological observations, assimilated within SAFRAN analysis scheme. CrocO also proposes various localization strategies to assimilate snow observations. These approaches are evaluated in a leave-one-out setup against the operational deterministic model and its ensemble open-loop counterpart, both running without HS assimilation. Results show that an intermediate localization radius of 35–50 km yields a slightly lower root mean square error (RMSE), and a better spread–skill than the strategy of assimilating all the observations from a whole mountain range. Significant continuous ranked probability score (CRPS) improvements of about 13 % are obtained in the areas where the open-loop modeling errors are the largest, e.g., the Haute-Ariège, Andorra, and the extreme southern Alps. Over these areas, weather station observations are generally sparser, resulting in more uncertain meteorological analyses and, therefore, snow simulations. In situ HS observations thus show an interesting complementarity with meteorological observations to better constrain snow cover simulations over large areas.
Estimating degree-day factors based on energy flux components
Authors: Ismail Muhammad Fraz , Bogacki Wolfgang , Disse Markus , Schäfer Michael , Kirschbauer Lothar
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Melt water from snow and ice dominated mountainous catchments is a valuable source of fresh water in many regions. Seasonal snow cover and glaciers act like a natural reservoir by storing precipitation during winter and releasing it in spring and summer. Snowmelt runoff is usually modelled either by energy balance or by temperature-index approaches. The energy balance approach is process-based and more sophisticated but requires extensive input data, while the temperature-index approach uses the degree-day factor (DDF) as key parameter to estimate melt merely from air temperature. Despite its simplicity, the temperature-index approach has proved to be a powerful tool for simulating the melt process especially in large and data scarce catchments. The present study attempts to quantify the effects of spatial, temporal, and climatic conditions on the DDF, in order to gain a better understanding which influencing factors are decisive under which conditions. The analysis is physically based on the individual energy flux components, however approximate formulas for estimating the DDF are presented to account for situations where observed data is limited. A detailed comparison between observed and estimated DDF values yielded a fair agreement with BIAS= 0.2 mm °C-1 d-1 and RMSE=1.1 mm °C-1 d-1. The analysis of the energy balance processes controlling snowmelt indicates that cloud cover and under clear sky snow albedo are the most decisive factors for estimating the DDF. The results of this study further underline that the DDF changes as the melt season progresses and thus also with altitude, since melting conditions arrive later at higher elevations. A brief analysis of the DDF under the influence of climate change shows that the DDFs are expected to decrease when comparing periods of similar degree-days, as melt will occur earlier in the year and albedo is then likely to be higher. Therefore, the DDF cannot be treated as a constant parameter especially when using temperature-index models for forecasting present or predicting future water availability.
The Jensen wind farm parameterization for the WRF and MPAS models
Authors: Ma Yulong , Archer Cristina , Vasel-Be-Hagh Ahmadreza
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Wind farm power production is known to be significantly affected by turbine wakes. When mesoscale numerical models are used to predict power production, the turbine wakes cannot be resolved directly because they are sub-grid features and therefore their effects need to be parameterized. Here we propose a new wind farm parameterization that is based on the Jensen model, a well-known analytical wake model that predicts the expansion and wind speed of an ideal wake. The Jensen parameterization is implemented and inserted into two commonly-used atmospheric numerical models: the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model and the Model for Prediction Across Scales (MPAS). In addition, the internal variability in wind speed and direction within a wind farm, the wind direction uncertainty, and the superposition of multiple wakes are taken into account with an innovative approach. The proposed approach and parameterization are tested against observational data at two offshore wind farms: Lillgrund (small in size and tightly spaced) and Anholt (large and widely spaced). Results indicate that power production is predicted more accurately with the Jensen than with the Fitch wind farm parameterization, which is the only one available in WRF. Power predictions with the Jensen parameterization are similar in WRF and MPAS. The sensitivity to grid resolution is small and the bias is generally low and negative. In conclusion, we recommend that the Jensen wind farm parameterization be used in the WRF and MPAS models, especially for coarse resolution, high turbine density, and wind directions aligned with the turbine columns.
Occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites among pigeons in Kerala
Authors: Thankachan Juby , Tresamol P. V. , Vijayakumar K. , Vinodkumar K. , Ajithkumar S.
Published: April 2022

Pigeon rearing is comparatively easy and profitable when compared to rearing of otherexotic birds such as canaries and parrots. As the bird population is on the rise, there is a steadyupsurge in the occurrence of diseases too. Parasitic infestation among pigeons can be mild tofatal and thus a major cause of concern. A study was conducted to find out the occurrence ofgastrointestinal parasites among pigeons in Kerala. Out of 91 pigeons tested, 79were foundpositive for ova of gastrointestinal parasites with a prevalence of 86.8 per cent.Ascaridia spp.(59.3per cent) and Capillaria spp.(19.7 per cent) were the most common nematodes observed.Oocysts of Eimeria spp. was observed in 39.5 per cent of pigeons screened. Mixed infections were also noticed in 35.1 per cent of birds. This study depicts a very high occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites among pigeons of Kerala which in turn requires intervening measures to reduce the incidence.
Probiotic characterisation of Enterococcus faecalis strain isolated from a household dahi sample of Wayanad district, Kerala
Authors: Chandran Archana , Beena A. K. , Bhagya S. , Rathish R. L. , Rahila M. P.
Published: April 2022

Household dahi sample with good organoleptic properties from Wayanad district of Kerala was screened for lactic acid bacteria. Gram positive cocci exhibiting potential to ferment lactose was further characterised biochemically and later identified by 16srRNA sequencing as Enterococcus faecalis. The isolate was evaluated for its physiological and probiotic properties like temperature tolerance, salt tolerance and proteolytic activity. Probiotic properties like acid tolerance, bile tolerance, adhesion potential and antimicrobial activity against clinical isolate of E. coli were evaluated. Virulence based on haemolysis in blood agar was also done. The isolate was able to survive both 4o C and 45o C as well as salt concentration of 2 to 8 per cent. This remarkably proteolytic isolate was able to survive at pH 2 and 3 for 3 h and could tolerate bile concentration of 0.3 per cent for 3 h and 0.6 per cent for 1 h. Cell surface hydrophobicity was found to be 19.6 per cent and auto aggregation 80.39 per cent. The isolate could inhibit the growth of pathogenic E.coli by producing a zone of clearance of 19mm. Antibiogram revealed resistance to Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime, Cefazolin and Vancomycin. The isolate produced alpha haemolysis in blood agar. Study revealed that detail biochemical and molecular level characterization is required for assessing probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria from naturally fermented products.
Haemato- biochemical studies in spinal cord injured dogs treated with a combination of methylprednisolone sodium succinate and 4-aminopyridine or polyethylene glycol
Authors: Salumol S. , Martin K.D. John , Nair Sudheesh S. , Soumya R. , Kariyil Bibu John
Published: April 2022

The current study was conducted to compare the effect of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on haemto-biochemical parameters in methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) treated dogs for management of spinal cord injuries(SCI). The study was conducted on 14 dogs of different age, breed, sex and body weight, presented with clinical signs of SCI. Animals were randomly divided into two groups and subjected to two treatment protocols. One group was treated with MPSS and PEG intravenously on first day with oral follow up with prednisolone acetate, while the other group was treated with MPSS and 4-AP intravenously with oral follow up with 4-AP. All the selected dogs were subjected to detailed clinical, neurological, radiographic investigations at regular intervals to assess the effect of treatment upto eight weeks. Haematological and serum biochemical parameters were evaluated on the first day of treatment and then at fortnight intervals. The mean values of all the haematological parameters and serum biochemical parameters were found to be within the normal physiological range and were not significant. However a statistically significant increased serum alkaline phosphatase level was observed in the first group and a non-significant increase in second group throughout the period of study.
The intellectual structure of the information systems field: Research styles and publication patterns of North American and European paradigms
Authors: Ergüner Özkoc Esma , Ahmet Kefkir Teoman , Kırkbeşoğlu Erdem
Published: April 2022

This paper identifies the researches that have had the greatest impact on the Information Systems (IS) discipline and analyses the changes that have taken place in the intellectual structure of this discipline within the ongoing paradigmatic debates between Europe and North America. The methodology applies citation analysis and social network analysis to the articles published in four European and North American journals with the highest impact factors in the IS field. The findings of the study reveal a significant difference between the research styles and publication patterns of European and North American research traditions.
When to Say What and How: Adapting the Elaborateness and Indirectness of Spoken Dialogue Systems
Authors: Miehle Juliana , Minker Wolfgang , Ultes Stefan
Published: April 2022

With the aim of designing a spoken dialogue system which has the ability to adapt to the user's communication idiosyncrasies, we investigate whether it is possible to carry over insights from the usage of communication styles in human-human interaction to human-computer interaction. In an extensive literature review, it is demonstrated that communication styles play an important role in human communication. Using a multi-lingual data set, we show that there is a significant correlation between the communication style of the system and the preceding communication style of the user. This is why two components that extend the standard architecture of spoken dialogue systems are presented: 1) a communication style classifier that automatically identifies the user communication style and 2) a communication style selection module that selects an appropriate system communication style. We consider the communication styles elaborateness and indirectness as it has been shown that they influence the user's satisfaction and the user's perception of a dialogue. We present a neural classification approach based on supervised learning for each task. Neural networks are trained and evaluated with features that can be automatically derived during an ongoing interaction in every spoken dialogue system. It is shown that both components yield solid results and outperform the baseline in form of a majority-class classifier.
A natureza do Patrimônio Paleontológico da Praia do Atalaia,
Amazônia Oriental, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Sousa da Silva Rayana Alexandra , da Costa Sue Anne Regina Ferreira
Published: April 2022

Neste trabalho, propomo-nos a refletir sobre uma categoria específica do Patrimônio Natural, o Patrimônio Paleontológico. A análise parte de uma revisão sobre as transformações operadas nas concepções de patrimônio cultural e natural vigentes no Brasil, para problematizar as diversas dimensões que interferem nos processos de patrimonialização deste, além de contextualizar e reforçar a sua importância social em um contexto de grande complexidade. Para tal, baseadas em Morin, no método que busca a complexidade através da criação de vias de abordagem, realizamos observações em diferentes esferas: uma audiência pública de licenciamento ambiental, uma atividade com professores de ensino fundamental e entrevista com um colecionador particular de fósseis. O que pudemos constatar é que a utilização desse patrimônio obedece a uma lógica utilitarista de transformação da natureza. Por fim, fazemos alguns apontamentos sobre a urgência de transformação das nossas práticas com o patrimônio paleontológico, para que possamos pensá-lo de forma mais abrangente. Conectando-o à realidade social das comunidades em que estão inseridos, para que sirvam às pessoas no seu exercício pleno de cidadania.
O Castelo do Rei Sabá: patrimônios, geodiversidade e
mitopoéticas no Município de São João de Pirabas (PA)
Authors: Melo Diogo
Published: April 2022

O trabalho aborda diversas discussões patrimoniais acerca do Monumental Místico do Rei Sabá ou Castelo do Rei Sabá, em São João de Pirabas no Pará (Brasil), local que possui a exaltação e a conjugação de inúmeros elementos patrimoniais. Com isso, evocamos o patrimônio integral, abordando diversas instancias tais como a do patrimônio natural, cultural, geológico e paleontológicos, bem como aspectos referentes a paisagem, geodiversidade e fratrimônios, ressaltando as questões da religiosidade afrodiaspórica amazônida e suas mitopoéticas. Neste lugar considerado de encantaria, de morada de encantados, temos um monumento natural, uma rocha erodida que possui o formato de um homem sentado de forma contemplativa, cultuado como Rei Sabá ou Rei Sebastião. Também devemos destacar os aspectos paradisíacos do local e as rochas que formam esse complexo e fazem a alusão simbólica de um “castelo” ou “fortaleza” formada pelas rochas fossilíferas do Mioceno Inferior da Formação Pirabas.
An Unintended Abolition
Authors: Arons Anna
Published: April 2022

In a typical year, New York City’s vast family regulation system, fueled by an army of mandated reporters, investigates tens of thousands of reports of child neglect and abuse, policing almost exclusively poor Black and Latinx families even as the government provides those families extremely limited support. When the City shut down in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, this system shrunk in almost every conceivable way as mandated reporters retreated, caseworkers adopted less intrusive investigatory tactics, and family courts constrained their operations. Reports fell, the number of cases filed in court fell, and the number of children separated from their parents fell. At the same time, families found support elsewhere, through suddenly burgeoning mutual aid networks and infusions of new government entitlements. This large-scale reconfiguration of the family regulation system represents a short-term experiment in abolition: in this period, New Yorkers moved away from a system that oppressed poor Black and Latinx people and not only envisioned but built a more democratic and humane model to protect families.

As this Article demonstrates, under this new model, families remained just as safe. Data from the courts and from the city’s Administration for Children’s Services reveal that there was no rise in child neglect or abuse during the shutdown period. Furthermore, once the City began to re-open, there was no perceivable “rebound effect,” i.e. a delayed, compensatory rise in reports. This Article positions the COVID-19 shutdown period as a successful case study, demonstrating one possible future absent the massive, oppressive apparatus of the family regulation system.
OXIDATIVE STRESS, TYPE 2 DIABETES AND ASSESSMENT METHODS
Authors: SAKHVADZE SOPHO , NIKOLAISHVILI MARINE , KVANCHAKHADZE RUSUDAN , BULEISHVILI MAKA
Published: April 2022

The study of indicators of oxidative stress, which develops as a result of imbalances between oxidative and antioxidant systems, helps to identify the pathogenesis of many pathological processes, assess the risk of their occurrence and predict the characteristics. Elimination of oxidative stress helps to increase the effectiveness of prophylactic and therapeutic and rehabilitation measures.The above materials convince us of the need for extensive use of antioxidants in the complex therapy of ongoing acute and chronic diseases, in combination with other pathogenetic methods of treatment. The choice between them should be determined by the nature of the pathological process and the degree of its activity.
VITAMIN D STATUS AND ITS CORRELATION WITH SYSTEMIC CYTOKINE LEVELS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH COMMUNITY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA
Authors: JACHVADZE MIRANDA , PANTSULAIA IA , GOGBERASHVILI KETEVAN
Published: April 2022

The aim of present study was to establish correlations between vit D status and systemic cytokines profile in children with community acquired pneumonia (CAP). The prospective study was performed in 41 Children with CAP at age 5 to 15 years hospitalized in TSSU Zhvania Pediatric Academic Clinic between November 2019 to March 2021 (negative SARS-2-CoV). Vit D One moment blood concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were determined in every study participant. According to recent consensus, a 25(OH)D concentration <50 nmol/L, or <20 ng/mL was an indication of vitamin D deficiency, a 25(OH)D concentration of 50–75 nmol/L, or 20–30 ng/mL was considered to indicate insufficiency; concentrations >75 nmol/L to 250 nmol/L, or 20 ng/mL-100ng/mL was considered to be sufficient. Interleukin (IL) 6 and 10 were determined twice on first and fifth days of hospital admission in the blood of each patient. I group (11 cases) formed patients with vit D deficiency, II group (12 cases) with vit D insufficiency and control group (18 cases) formed hospitalized patients with sufficient vit D concentration. Normal values in healthy population for IL-6 2.9±0.3 pg/ml, for IL-10 1.32±1.5pg/ml.Data were analyzed using computer program SPSS 18 (SPSS INC., CHICAGO, IL, USA). Statistical significance was taken as p<0.05. Serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10 upon admission were significantly higher in every patient to compare to normal data. IL-6 in vit D deficient patients were significantly increased, as at admission, as on 5-th day of hospitalization compared with other groups. On 5-7th hospital day IL-6 in vit D insufficient and sufficient patients had already normalized to levels similar to those of healthy individuals. Whereas IL 10 level stay high in four patients who required intensive care for ARDS. Our results have shown that the systemic cytokines levels and IL6/IL/10 ratio are increased in CAP patient. Vit D plasma concentration affects systemic cytokines levels in the blood. Vit D deficiency (<20ng/ml) can be recognized as risk-factor for pneumonia severity.
PECULIARITIES OF THE PORTA-CAVAL FIBROUS UNION EXISTENCE IN A SEPARATE SEGMENT OF HUMAN LIVER
Authors: OTARASHVILI REVAZ , TURMANIDZE TAMAR , JANDIERI KETEVAN , MGELIASHVILI TEMUR , CHANUKVADZE ILIA , KIKALISHVILI LIANA
Published: April 2022

undamental work relies on studying 40 normal human livers. Macro-microscopic morphologic methods have been used to reveal presence of porta-caval fibrotic connections and its characteristics in single hepatic segment. In hepatic segments major branches of portal complexes and hepatic veins in the area of intersection touch each other and give rise to porta-caval fibrotic connections. It has been demonstrated in all livers. In a single organ, number of porta-caval fibrotic connections ranged from 1 to 9, which depended on a density of portal and caval venous branching. Left lobular segments are remarkable for the constant presence of porta-caval fibrotic connections, where there is an abundance of fan-shaped (I segment) and overlying (II and III segments) connection types. In terms of porta-caval fibrotic connections, bile ducts are in contact with wall of hepatic veins and inferior vena cava, which determines high likelihood of extension of inflammatory process of biliary pathways to the caval veins.
CARDIOTOXICITY OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE: CURRENT STATE OF THE PROBLEM
Authors: AVAGIMYAN ASHOT , KAKTURSKY LEV
Published: April 2022

Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating anticancer drug, oxazaphosphorine-substituted nitrogen mustard, with pronounced cytotoxic and immunosuppressive potential. This drug is the basis of most immunosuppressive mode widely used for organ transplantation and chemotherapeutical treatment of the wide spectrum of malignant neoplasms of various localizations, particularly breast cancer, Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, leukemia, and others. Moreover, based on the V.A. Nasonova Institute of Rheumatology guidelines and the protocols of EULAR and ACR, cyclophosphamide is also used to treat inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid-, lupus-, sclerodermic-, sarcoid- etc.), as well as for vasculitis. Moreover, cyclophosphamide-based pulse therapy is usually used in the cases of acute autoimmune processes with high activity index. Such a broad spectrum of cyclophosphamide prescription has become the explanation for the growing cases of cardiotoxicity consequence among cyclophosphamide-administered patients. This review article aims to assess and analyze the available data on the cyclophosphamide-driven disturbances of cardiovascular homeostasis.
ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS DETERMINING OCCUPATIONAL STRESShttps://journals.4science.ge/index.php/jecm/article/view/885
Authors: TSIMAKURIDZE MARINA , KHACHAPURIDZE NINO , TSIMAKURIDZE MAIA , KHUNASHVILI NATO , ZURASHVILI DALI , MAISURADZE ETERI
Published: April 2022

Occupational stress is a condition arising from the interaction of an individual and the work one has to do. It comes from the industrial environment and is a response to the situation in the organization, which can be both adequate and inadequate. It arises as a result of inappropriate demands that the organization places on the employee and generates physiological, emotional, behavioral, and cognitive changes in an individual. Stressful situations in organizations have a significant impact on the quality of employee performance. Significant difficulties arise in accomplishing the set tasks and achieving the strategic goals of the organization.
SISI PENGAWASAN PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA
Authors: Hapsari Aprina Nugrahesthy Sulistya , Kurniasari Nike , Utami Intiyas
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this research are describe supervision used in managing village funds, identify the role from Badan Permusyawaratan Desa and, explain the monitoring system prevailing on the village funds. This study is conducted in Kaligentong Village and Gladagsari Village in Kabupaten Boyolali. Data collected by interview and its structure to the source of information. The result showed the implementation of supervision is conductucted directly and through the application system of village finance were very helpful in village funds oversees management of transparent and accountable. The supervision conducted by the village administration to carry out monitoring and exercising the functions of planning and monitoring by Badan Permusyawaratan Desa. Beside to supervise, Badan Permusyawaratan Desa can accommodate aspiration of village communities and can be a partner of the village administration. By an improvement of operation and the development of the system of monitoring will influence enhancing accountability and transparency.
Impact of Human Development Indicators on Child Mortality: The Case Study of Iran
Authors: SEPEHRDOUST Hamid , TORKAMANI Maede , SEPEHRDOUST Sadra , SOLGI Arad , SOLGI Arian
Published: April 2022

The mortality rate of children under the age of five is of particular importance, as it is often related to the general level of health and living standard condition of the household in the society. The study aimed to investigate the effects of the Human Development Index on public health with particular reference to the under-five mortality rate in Iran. As a method a descriptive-analytical method including ordinary least square regression analysis was used to identify the causal relationship between the human development index and the under-five mortality rate during the period of the study (1987-2017) in Iran. The results show that there is a negative and meaningful relationship between the human development index (HDI) level and the under-five mortality rate. Moreover, the control variables including inflation rate, unemployment rate, and income distribution inequality index showed a positive and meaningful impact on the under-five mortality rate. Given that human capital is considered the engine of economic growth and development, it can be concluded that any increase in health expenditures through improvements in human capital inventory leads to increased economic growth, increased life expectancy, and decreased under-five mortality rate.
Renaissance eines Klassikers
Authors: Schwaibold Matthias
Published: April 2022

Sechs Praktiker haben den Klassiker von Renate Damm und Klaus Rehbock, «Widerruf, Unterlassung und Schadensersatz in den Medien», komplett überarbeitet. Neu heisst er «Presserecht», aber dreht sich schwergewichtig weiterhin um die Themen «Unterlassung» und «Geld», weil das im deutschen Recht so angelegt ist. Die Ergebnisse der reichen Rechtsprechung sind häufig wohl dieselben wie in der Schweiz, aber die Wege und Umwege, die dorthin führen, erscheinen meist länger und kunstvoller als hierzulande. Die Autoren bieten einen verlässlichen Blick auf den derzeitigen Stand der Dinge und wahren bestmöglich das Gleichgewicht zwischen dem Abtauchen in die Abgründe der Einzelheiten und der relativen Unverbindlichkeit einer Darstellung «in a nutshell». Gerade deshalb bietet sich das Buch auch für den interessierten ausländischen Leser an.
L’intégrité numérique: un obstacle au journalisme d’investigation ?
Authors: Cottier Bertil
Published: April 2022

Destiné à assurer une protection spécifique de la personne dans l’univers virtuel, le droit à l’intégrité numérique est une prolongation de l’intégrité physique et psychique qui trouve de plus en plus de partisans ; à tel point qu’il est en passe de faire son entrée dans les constitutions des cantons de Genève et du Valais. Reste que ce droit demeure contesté, notamment par ceux qui soutiennent qu’il est superflu, les droits de la personnalité apportant déjà une protection suffisante. La présente contribution va plus loin en affirmant que le droit à l’intégrité numérique menace directement le journalisme de données dont les investigations portent sur l’analyse massive de fichiers personnels.
Geschäftsgeheimnisse und Personendaten bleiben im Fokus
Authors: Annina Keller Daniel Ladanie-Kämpfer,
Published: April 2022

Die Rechtsprechung zum BGÖ im vergangenen Jahr brachte keine wegweisenden neuen Erkenntnisse. Die Gerichte befassten sich mehrheitlich mit den üblichen Problemfeldern wie Geschäftsgeheimnisse und Personendaten. Dabei blieben sie ihrer strengen Handhabung in Bezug auf die Anwendbarkeit von Ausnahmebestimmungen weitgehend treu und verhalfen damit dem öffentlichen Interesse an Transparenz regelmässig zum Durchbruch. Weiterhin hohe Anforderungen stellten die Gerichte an die Geltendmachung privater Geheimhaltungsinteressen von betroffenen Dritten, insbesondere wenn es sich dabei um Unternehmen handelte. Als insgesamt nicht überzeugend erwies sich hingegen einmal mehr ein Entscheid des BVGer zum Vorbehalt von Spezialbestimmungen, in welchem es ein Bundesgesetz insgesamt als lex specialis zum BGÖ qualifizierte. Damit scheint das BVGer seine grosszügige Haltung in Bezug auf mögliche Spezialbestimmungen nach Art. 4 BGÖ beibehalten zu wollen.
Ehrverletzungen im Internet – insbesondere auf Facebook
Authors: Robin Beglinger Christof Riedo,
Published: April 2022

Im Zuge der Digitalisierung verlagert sich unsere Kommunikation zunehmend in den virtuellen Raum. Das gilt auch für strafrechtlich relevante Ehrverletzungen. Der Versuch, auf entsprechende Sachverhalte traditionelle Konzepte anzuwenden, bringt oft Schwierigkeiten mit sich. So hatte das Bundesgericht unlängst zu entscheiden, wie ein so genanntes „Like“ aus strafrechtlicher Sicht zu bewerten ist. In dieser Frage hat der ergangene Leitentscheid (BGE 146 IV 23) scheinbar Klarheit geschaffen – zahlreiche weitere Probleme sind indessen nach wie vor ungelöst, andere sind sogar erst neu entstanden.
Assessment of Asthma Control Level at Outpatients Clinic, Wad Medani Teaching Hospital
Authors: Elham Khaled1  , Imad Eldeen M. Taj Eldeen  , Mirghani Yousif  , Imad Eldeen Mohamed Ahmed  , Safaa Badi
Published: April 2022

AbstractAsthma is a heterogeneous disorder associated with chronic airway inflammation, its prevalence is increasing globally and more prevalent in developed countries. This study aimed to determine the level of asthma control at Wad Medani Teaching Hospital Outpatient Clinic. A cross-sectional study was performed in 130 adult asthmatics in Wad Medani Teaching Hospital Outpatient Clinic between March to June 2021. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire, and Asthma Control Test (ACT) was used to determine the level of the control. Multivariate analysis and Logistic Regression were used to determine the most factors that have a role in asthma control. The mean age of the study participants was 35 years (±14) and females were predominant (68.5 %). Among all asthmatics, the prevalence of uncontrolled asthma was 75.4% according to the ACT Score. The following factors were shown to be significantly associated with asthma control; education level (P = <0.001), current occupation(P = 0.02), social status (P =0.002), duration of disease (P = <0.01), frequency of asthma attacks during the last year that required an emergency department (P = 0.002), and follow-up with a physician (P = <0.001). This study showed a high rate of uncontrolled asthma at Wad Medani Teaching Hospital Outpatient Clinic. Factors associated with uncontrollable asthma can be used as targets for future intervention programs.
Formulation and Optimization of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride 500mg Floating Tablets
Authors: Sara Anas S.K  , Abd ElKarim M.A.K.  , Eltayeb Suliman E  , Salah Mohamed Elhasan
Published: April 2022

AbstractFloating tablets of ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride was formulated as controlled gas powder system (CGPS) firstly by dry method which is found to by not suitable for bad micrometric properties of the powder bed, so these properties were improved by wet massing off powder using isopropanole as granulating liquid. The floating lag time (FLT) and total floating time (TFT) and release rate were optimized by different trials namely using the binder poly vinyl pyrelidone (PVP) in solution form, increasing the hydrophobic lubricant used, substitution of viscolyzing agent by other polymers, and then increasing its percentage and finally increasing percentage of viscolyzing components, PVP, sodium bicarbonate and the total tablet weight. The formula of the last step was of the best properties.
Detection of Substandard Medicines in Sudanese Market by Assessing Pharmaceutical Equivalences of Five Brands of Lisinopril 10mg Tablets
Authors: Salah Mohamed Elhsasan  , Eltayeb Suliman E  , Sara Anas S.K
Published: April 2022

AbstractCounterfeit medicines resemble a silent murderer when used to treat life threatening conditions and people of lower-income segment are at greater risk of purchasing and consuming unsafe counterfeit products. The aim of this study is to examine if substandard medicines are circulating in the regulated supply chain of Sudan and to assess the enforcement of law and regulations by drug regulatory authority taking Lisinopril 10mg brands, fully registered in Sudan, as a model drug. The quality of Zestril, P1, P2, P3 and P4 were evaluated by qualifying tablets for harness, friability, disintegration time, dissolution and assay according to pharmacopoeial methods. All brands have passed the official tests, however two of them failed to pass the friability and hardness tests and Zestril failed to pass only the hardness test. The results might be attributed mainly to the variations in excipients used. The formulation that contains only maize starch as binding agent totally failed to pass both hardness and friability tests and was therefore of substandard quality. The studied showed that circulating pharmaceutical alternatives and equivalence in Sudanese market may need more efficient system to assess their quality before and after circulating on the Sudan’s market to safeguard the health of the population.
ABILITY OF MATHEMATICAL REPRESENTATION JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN COMPLETING OPEN-ENDED PROBLEMS ARE REVIEWED FROM THE STYLE OF THINKING
Authors: Widiyastuti Erni , Ernawati Nur , Setyaningsih Eka , Sugihandardji Chumaedi
Published: April 2022

Mathematical representation is how a person communicates the mathematical ideas in question to others. This ability has an important role in learning mathematics, especially as a foundation to align problem solving. This study aims to describe the mathematical representational ability of junior high school students in solving open-ended problems. The study subjects were students of grade XI junior high school. This research is qualitative descriptive research. Taking subjects using purposive sampling, which is based on their thinking style. Data collection uses tests, questionnaires, and interviews. The results showed that the ability of mathematical representations of: (1) groups of students of concrete sequential thinking styles able to create and communicate mathematical ideas in the form of images, have not been able to make mathematical models perfectly and are sufficiently able to use written words or text; (2) groups of students of abstract sequential thinking styles are less able to create and communicate mathematical ideas in the form of drawings but able to create mathematical models of ideas or ideas and are sufficiently able to use written words or text; (3) groups of students of abstract random thinking styles are less able to create and communicate mathematical ideas in the form of drawings and create mathematical models of ideas or ideas, but are sufficiently able to use written words or text; (4) Groups of students of concrete random thinking styles are quite capable of creating and communicating mathematical ideas in the form of drawings, unable to create mathematical models of ideas or ideas, less able to use written words or text
EFFECT OF SERVICE QUALITY AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT PT. ASDP INDONESIA FERRY (PERSERO)
Authors: Fatari Fatari , Maharani Safrida , Hartoko Gatot
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine whether service quality and Consumer Satisfaction variables affect employee performance partially and simultaneously at PT. ASDP INDONESIA FERRY (Persero). This type of research uses a quantitative approach with associative methods. The population in this study as many as 300 people are employees of PT. ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero). The sampling technique used is the sampling technique using the incidental sampling technique and the determination of the number of samples using the Slovin formula, which is as many as 75 samples. The results showed that the value of t count could prove the quality of service influences employee performance. The value resulting from hypothesis testing for t count service quality is 3.918. It is known that the t- table value is 1.99300, because the t- count value is greater than t- table (t- count 3.918 > t- table 1.99300) with a sig value of 0.000 <0.05. Consumer satisfaction is a partially positive influence on employee performance, and it can be seen from the t value. The value resulting from hypothesis testing for t- count consumer satisfaction is 2.182. It is known that the value of the t table is 1.99300 because the value of the t count is greater than the t table (t count 2.182 > t table 1.99300) with a sig value of 0.032 < 0.05, Service quality and customer satisfaction both have an impact on employee performance. With a confidence level of 5% or 0.05 of the calculation results obtained value of F table at 3:12 of the calculation results obtained arithmetic value off 23,408, to determine the influence is there or not then do the comparison value f count = 23,408
> f table 3.12 with sig value 0.000 <0.05. For the coefficient of determination (R 2) of 0.394 or 39.4%. The study results concluded that partially or simultaneously, the quality of service and consumer satisfaction affected employee performance
THE EFFECT OF AUTHORIZED CAPITAL AND CORPORATE INVENTORIES ON TOTAL REVENUE IN PLANTATION COMPANIES LISTED ON IDX
Authors: Romli Ombi , Khodijah Ina
Published: April 2022

Some of the problems found in this study include; (1) The total revenue of the plantation sub-sector companies is in a downward trend, (2) Most of the plantation sub-sector companies also include authorized capital, which is below 1 billion rupiahs which have the potential to reduce investor perceptions (3 ) The value of corporate inventories still tends to be in the high category.
This study aims to analyze the effect of authorized capital and corporate inventories on the total revenue of plantation companies listed on the Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020 period. The research method used in this study is a causal associative method with a quantitative approach. Sampling was done using purposive sampling obtained from 16 plantation companies listed on the Stock Exchange as research samples. The results of partial hypothesis testing show that the authorized capital variable (X1) does not affect total revenue (Y). TQ12 this is evidenced by the value of tcount < ttableR (0.555 < 1.99085), corporate inventories variable (X2) has an influence on total revenue (Y) as evidenced by the value of tcount > ttableR (18.874 > 1.99085) and simultaneous hypothesis testing shows that the authorized capital variable (X1) and corporate inventories (X2) have no effect on total revenue (Y) as evidenced by the value of Fcount < Ftable (183.80 > 3.12). Based on the analysis above, it can conclude that partially authorized capital does not affect total revenue during the inventory variable affects total revenue, and simultaneously, assigned capital and inventory variables influence total revenue
創新設計之動態轉動慣量網球拍對揮拍速度與主觀感受之立即性影響
Authors: 林韋丞 林韋丞 , 林國華 林國華 , 劉宗翰 劉宗翰 , 戴興豪 戴興豪 , 陳麒先 陳麒先 , 劉強 劉強
Published: April 2022

目的 : 正拍擊球為現代網球主流，揮拍速度是正拍擊的關鍵因素之一，因此本研究目的為利用動態轉動慣量之概念，設計創新的揮拍速度訓練用網球拍 (以下稱 : DMOI球拍) ，驗證 (一) 使用 DMOI球拍進行揮拍訓練後對揮拍速度之立即影響； (二) 使用DMOI球拍之主觀感受。方法 : 本研究徵召共 26名大專層級的甲組球員與乙組球員，分別進行DMOI球拍與一般球拍之揮拍，在使用前後進行加速初期速度、加速後期速度、以及揮拍主觀感受等測試。使用重複量數二因子變異數分析、依相依樣本 t檢定比較相關參數。結果 : 當前研究發現 (一) 甲組與乙組使用 DMOI球拍揮拍訓練後，於加速初期與加速後期均顯著增加立即揮拍速度； (二) 甲組揮擊 DMOI球拍主觀感受於流暢滿意度項目滿意度顯著低於一般球拍，乙組揮擊DMOI球拍主觀感受於加速初期省力度顯著高於一般球拍。結論 : 在經過 DMOI球拍訓練後，相較一般球拍訓練，甲組與乙組選手均更能有效增加揮拍速度。因此，建議 DMOI球拍可做為提升大專網球球員揮拍速度的訓練器材之一。

 

Purpose: Forehand strike is the main strategy in the contemporary era, enhance the forehand strike must to shorten the swing speeds, therefore the purposes of this study were to design and construct the novel Dynamic Moment of Inertia (DMOI) racquet, as well as to investigate (1) The acute effects of DMOI racquet on swing velocity. (2) Subjective perceived by using the DMOI racquet. Methods: 26 college tennis players in Division I (D1) and in Division II (D2) tennis players were participated in the study and swung the DMOI and normal racquets respectively in balance order. Two photocell time gate were used to detect the swing velocities at first acceleration phase and second acceleration phase. The subjective perceived scale was tested after velocity test. Results: D1 and D2 after statistical analysis of the dependent t-test respectively, (1) both college tennis players in D1 and D2 were significantly higher swing velocities after using DMOI racquet. (2) the college tennis players in D2 Group has higher subjective perceived score on swing with saving effort at early acceleration phase compared to that of the normal racquet. Conclusion: In swing aspect, the DMOI racquet after training programed have faster swing velocity and has positive acute effect on swing velocities compared to those of the normal racquet. Therefore, the DMOI racquet could be a useful training equipment for improving swing velocity.

 
射箭專項能力之運動科學與發展技術
Authors: 張吉堯 張吉堯 , 林勁宏 林勁宏 , 林國全 林國全 , 吳政文 吳政文
Published: April 2022

目的：射箭為一項使用精細動作結合的運動，此外射箭動作因素包含各種複雜動作階段，動作週期穩定能力為重要因素，評估運動表現也是不可或缺的部分。方法：本研究以不同角度探討射箭之運動科學應用與發展：一、射箭整體動作與運動表現，二、運動科學輔助射箭專項，三、感測技術應用射箭技術分析。結果：本篇回顧性論文發現，運動科學 (運動生物力學與感測技術) 為評估運動表現方法，訓練過程中以量化測量將是有效改善射箭動作評估方法。結論：因此可知結合感測器於專項中可有效量測指標，此外更能提供給教練與研究人員於進行射箭相關研究時，將可以針對動作周期與特徵值以定量方式進行測量。

 

Purpose: There was a lot of fine movement used in archery. Also, the factor of archery movements contain variety complex of motion phase. Therefore, the shot cycle of stability been shown to be important contributing factors of archery, furthermore of evaluating the performance is an integral part. Methods: The studies investigate sports sciences application of the archery shot cycle and its development in different perspective: 1.The archery shot cycle phases and sports performance. 2. The sports science enhanced archery. 3. Application of sensor technology to analysis in the archery. Results: This review demonstrates shown the sports science (biomechanics and sensor technology) is a very useful metric for assessing sports performance, quantitative measure the progress on training, and finding improve methods in archery’s motion. Conclusions: Thus, concluded that the combine sensors are effective in measuring the skills indicators. Therefore, the suggestion for the coach and researchers is that taking quantitative as the evaluation when making the study of the archery, the measure of the shot cycle and characteristic value.

 
工具式筋膜鬆動術對健康受試者關節活動度的影響
Authors: 孫辰喻 孫辰喻 , Chen-Yu Sun 張文典
Published: April 2022

良好的關節活動度可以有效提升運動表現並降低運動傷害，工具式筋膜鬆動術是常應用於改善關節活動度的處理方式，過去較多研究著重探討工具式筋膜鬆動術在運動傷害或復健對關節活動度改善的治療效果，較少分析對健康人的關節活動度影響。本研究以文獻回顧方法分析工具式筋膜鬆動術對健康軟組織的關節活動度效果，提供運動保健與運動按摩的實務理論應用參考。本研究使用文獻回顧方法，透過電子資料庫蒐集2020年12月前的期刊文獻，篩選出符合條件之8 篇文獻，並針對其中4篇進行數據統計分析。結果顯示工具式筋膜鬆動術可立即顯著增加健康人的關節活動度，但由於文獻數量不足，對於工具式筋膜鬆動術的長時間效益尚無法定論。此外，由於工具式筋膜鬆動術手法差異，也會造成處理效果不同。建議未來研究需更嚴謹的規劃實驗流程與手法操作，並長時間追蹤效果。

 

Range of motion (ROM) is an ability of a joint to go through the complete movement. A good ROM is important for improving sport performance and reducing risk for sport injury. Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) is a common management to increase ROM. However, most studies focused on the therapeutic effects of IASTM on ROM in sports injury. Few studies investigated the effects of IASTM on ROM in healthy individuals. This systematic review is conducted to explore the effect of IASTM on ROM in healthy soft tissues. The results can provide references for practical application in sports massage. Articles published before December 2020 were searched from electronic databases. Eight articles met the inclusion criteria for systematic review, and the data from 4 of these articles were extracted for statistical analysis. The results revealed that IASTM had a significant immediate and positive effect on ROM increase in healthy individuals. However, the long-term effect of IASTM is still inconclusive due to insufficient data. The effect of IASTM on ROM varies among different manual treatments. Future studies should use more rigorous experimental design and manual treatments to investigate long-term effects of IASTM.

 
Corrupción, democracia y responsabilidad política
Authors: González Amuchastegui Jesús
Published: April 2022

El objetivo que me gustaría alcanzar en esta conferencia consiste en responder la siguiente pregunta: ¿Hay más corrupción en las democracias o en los regímenes totalitarios? Sin embargo, entiendo que es más razonable definir el objetivo de manera más modesta, y limitarlo a plantear correctamente dicha cuestión y proponer algunas ideas que puedan ayudarnos a responder la pregunta anterior. Mi punto de partida, tal y como tendré oportunidad de comentar con más detalle en páginas posteriores, asume la corrupción como un fenómeno permanente, existente en todas las sociedades, y por lo tanto presente tanto en regímenes democráticos como totalitarios.