bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
History of the use of chemical weapons for military purposes and the possibility of their current use
Authors: Kozlov M. Y. , Ashvits I. V.
Published: May 2024

Throughout the history of mankind there have been many wars of both local character and large-scale wars. At the heart of military actions necessarily lies the use of weapons, one type of which is chemical. Chemical weapons, the basis of which are diverse in their effect on the body and chemical composition of poisonous substances, began to be used for military purposes during World War I, namely, the first use occurred on April 22, 1915 in Belgium near the city of Ypres. Germany used gas cylinders filled with chlorine in this attack. The man who created this weapon was German chemist Fritz Haber, who became known as the "father of chemical weapons". Since that time, scientists from different countries began to actively study the effect of poisonous substances on the human body, synthesize their new types, as well as search for reliable means of protection against its effects. Throughout history, attempts have been made to ban the use of chemical weapons. In particular, after the end of the First World War, the Geneva Protocol was adopted in 1925, prohibiting the use of asphyxiating, poisonous or other similar gases in war. However, this agreement failed to limit the use of poisonous substances, which led to their further use, mainly in localized wars. Much work on the prohibition and destruction of chemical weapons belongs to the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, established in 1997 after the adoption of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction in 1993. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the history of chemical weapons for military purposes, as well as to study the activities for their prohibition. Literary data of recent years on the history of creation, use of chemical weapons and international legal agreements on their prohibition and destruction, the main types of toxic substances, means of protection against their effects are analyzed. Conclusions are made about the possibilities of chemical weapons use at present.
Influence of polyphenolic compounds on human health and the course of a number of diseases
Authors: Kyazimova N. D. , Kornyakova V. V.
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this literature review is to elucidate the biological effects of polyphenols and their importance for human health. Polyphenols play the role of food antioxidants and are of growing interest in various fields of scientific research and including nutritional research due to the presence of these compounds in plant foods. In this review, a brief classification of polyphenols is presented. Polyphenols include a diverse group of compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenes and lignans. Flavonoids are found in fruits such as apples, apricots, grapes and citrus fruits; vegetables are rich in phenolic acids. Polyphenols are also rich in nuts, legumes, green tea, blueberries, cocoa. Polyphenols are of interest because of their effective direct and indirect antioxidant mechanisms for attenuating chronic diseases, as well as leveling negative lifestyle and nutritional factors. The antioxidant properties of polyphenolic compounds limit oxidative stress, which is relevant in geriatrics. Through a diet enriched with polyphenols, it is possible to reduce the likelihood of developing cancer, and diabetes. The favorable effect of polyphenols is noted on the functioning of the cardiovascular system. Polyphenols protect the endothelium from damage, slow the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, exhibit antithrombotic action. Having antioxidant activity, polyphenols inhibit lipoperoxidation processes, having a therapeutic effect in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. In particular, catechins are effective in Parkinson's disease and ferulic acid is effective in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The protective effects of polyphenols associated with their antioxidant activity make the use of these compounds in geriatrics attractive. Due not only to their antioxidant but also hypoglycemic properties, polyphenols may be an additional treatment for diabetes mellitus. The polyphenols theaflavins and thearubigins, found in black tea and possessing antioxidant properties, have anti-cancer effects. Polyphenols also protect the skin from sun damage. It can be concluded that patients with chronic diseases should be prescribed a diet rich in polyphenols.
Emerging Technologies in Chemical Engineering: Advancements in Process Optimization, Sustainable Practices, and Future Innovations
Authors: Dr. Allika Sailaja
Published: May 2024

The abstract encapsulates the essence of the study on emerging technologies in chemical engineering, focusing on advancements in process optimization, sustainable practices, and future innovations. Within the dynamic landscape of chemical engineering, the integration of emerging technologies has reshaped industrial processes, offering new opportunities to enhance efficiency, sustainability, and resilience. This study explores the transformative potential of emerging technologies, such as computational modelling, artificial intelligence, and bioprocess engineering, in addressing pressing societal and environmental challenges while driving innovation and sustainable development. Through a comprehensive literature review and synthesis of key findings, the study highlights the pivotal role of chemical engineering in shaping the design, optimization, and implementation of industrial processes across diverse sectors, including manufacturing, energy production, pharmaceuticals, and environmental remediation. Advancements in process optimization, facilitated by the integration of computational tools and data analytics, enable engineers to systematically analyze and control chemical processes with unprecedented precision and efficiency, leading to improvements in productivity, resource utilization, and waste reduction. The adoption of sustainable practices, such as green chemistry principles, renewable energy sources, and circular economy initiatives, reflects a growing emphasis on minimizing environmental impact and promoting resource efficiency throughout the product lifecycle. Concurrently, the exploration of future innovations in chemical engineering, including nanotechnologies, bioprocesses, and advanced materials, offers promising opportunities to address emerging challenges and drive positive change in the field. By synthesizing these key findings, the study provides valuable insights into the opportunities and challenges associated with emerging technologies in chemical engineering, guiding future research, policy, and practice towards achieving sustainable and resilient industrial processes. In essence, the study contributes to advancing knowledge and understanding of the transformative potential of emerging technologies in chemical engineering and their role in shaping a more sustainable and inclusive future for society and the planet.
The Alvarado Scores for the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis at Muhammad Medical College Hospital Mirpurkhas.
Authors: Khawaja M.A  , Khooharo Y  , Naeem Majeed  , Numan Majeed
Published: May 2024

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of the Alvarado scoring system in acute appendicitis for the patients with right iliac fossa pain.Methods: This one year descriptive type of study was carried out from 1st December 2008 to 30th November2009, in the Department of Surgery Unit-I at Muhammad Medical College Hospital (MMCH) Mirpurkhas, Sindh,Pakistan. Hundred consecutive patients of all age group and both genders, who were diagnosed as the caseacute appendicitis purely on clinical ground were admitted in surgical unit-I and their Alvarado score was calculated. Irrespective of Alvarado score all the patients underwent surgical intervention and diagnosis was confirmedby operative and histopathological findings were documented on the preformed Performa after written consent ofpatients.Results: We studied 100 consecutive patients who were operated with impression of acute appendicitis purelyon clinical basis. A preoperative Alvarado score done in all patients and compare with intraoperative and histopathological findings. Alvarado score cut-off value was <7 and >7. Appendicitis was confirmed in 45/47 male and13/15females having Alvarado score >7. With negative appendectomy rate 6.4%. In contrast to the patient havingAlvarado score <7 having appendectomy rate 29%.The rate of negative appendectomy was higher in females ascompared to males and those have score<7.Conclusion: concluded that Alvarado score is useful in the diagnostic accuracy of acute appendicitis if score is >7.
A Clinico-Epidemiological Study Of Giardiasis in Children in Rural Punjab, Pakistan.
Authors: Khan I.A  , Khan M.A  , Raza F  , Khan S.E
Published: May 2024

Background: Giardiasis is defined as symptomatic or asymptomatic infection by the ubiquitous enteric protozoan, Giardia lamblia that occurs from tropics to Arctic Greenland with global incidence of up to 30%. Although thiscosmopolitan organism affects sexes and all ages, majority of cases occur in infants and children who are morevulnerable to its ill effects.Objective: This study was conducted, to investigate the prevalence of Giardia lamblia.Methods: This study was conducted on a randomly selected population of 232 children of both sexesResult:: Giardia lamblia was the most commonly encountered parasite with a prevalence of 24.2%. All caseswere subjected to a thorough clinical examination to differentiate symptomatic from asymptomatic, the figuresbeing 88.5% and 11.5% respectively. In the symptomatic group, 21.7% were having atypical manifestations.Maximum cases were in the 5-9 years age group and males were more affected than females. Poor socioeconomic status, over-crowding, inadequate sanitary practices and environmental contamination were amongpossible risk factors involved in etiopathogenesis. Parasitological and clinical cure were obtained in 96.1% and91.3% of the cases respectively, with secnidazole. The cases were followed up for three months to look for relapse, which occurred in 16.6% of cases.Keywords: Giardiasis, Giardia lamblia, Children, Punjab, Pakistan.
Pengembangan Instrumen Tes Daya Ledak Tendangan Dollyo Taekwondo Berbasis Teknologi
Authors: Jonas Solissa
Published: May 2024

Kick power is an important parameter in taekwondo. Until now, there is no technology-based test instrument that can measure the explosive power of taekwondo kicks. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a technology-based taekwondo kick explosive power test instrument. This research uses the type of research and development research. The research and development research procedure consists of the following steps: (1) needs analysis, (2) initial product, (3) expert evaluation, (4) product trial, (5) product revision, and (6) results the final product. This research was conducted on students of the Physical Education Study Program at Pattimura University, Ambon. The small group trial sample consisted of 60 male students. The large group trial sample consisted of 120 male students. The sample for instrument norms is 200 temple students and female students. Test product reliability using test-retest techniques. This study produced a test instrument for taekwondo kick explosive power: (1) valid with a validity coefficient of 0.874, (2) reliable with a reliability coefficient of 0.989 and (3) equipped with assessment norms for taekwondo kick explosive power classification.
Upaya Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Melalui Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok pada Siswa MTS Negeri 2 Deli Serdang
Authors: Khairunnisa Sulistiyaningrum  , Ahmad Syarqawi
Published: May 2024

This study aims to explore how team leadership is implemented. works in increasing student motivation, considering the number of participants in this study reached 8 students in class VII MTs Negeri 2 Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. This type of research uses a quasi-experimental design and a non-parametric research design. The experimental model is used for the experiment technique. The results of the study proved that the experimental group based on the results of the Wilcoxon, M. (2-sided) test for the control group was found to be 0.000 <0.05 and there was a difference in the values before and after in the control group. From the results of the Wilcoxon test it is known that the M (2-sided) of the experimental group is 0.000 <0.05 which indicates a difference in the values before and after in the experimental group.
EFL Students’ Perceptions of Digital Extensive Reading Program in Junior High School Level
Authors: Yesri Imawati Saefatu  , Ali Mustofa  , Pratiwi Retnaningdyah
Published: May 2024

The digital extensive reading have important thing in studying English for junior high school. In this study investigated the students’ perceptions of digital extensive reading. The participants are the students of seventh grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Soe which consists of 29 students. This study applied qualitative research method. The researcher collected the data through observing and interview. The media used Let’s Read application as digital media. The results of students’ perceptions of digital extensive reading are students feel happy, fun, exciting and good. The strength of digital extensive reading, so many variety stories, have pictures, the text are simple sentences, and can translate directly. The weaknesses of digital extensive reading are eye damage and need internet connection. The impact that students get after using digital extensive reading are they rich new vocabularies, improve reading fluency,  improve reading skill, read a lot of stories, and increase knowledge.
Strategi Service Quality Sebagai Media dalam Menciptakan Kepuasan dan Loyalitas Pelanggan Jasa Pendidikan
Authors: Ma'rufah Afni
Published: May 2024

This article discusses the importance of service quality in creating customer satisfaction and loyalty in the education sector. The article highlights the Total Quality Service (TQS) concept, which emphasizes the effectiveness and efficiency of service delivery. The article also discusses the four characteristics of non-profit service institutions, including intangibility, inseparability, variability, and perishability. The article emphasizes the importance of identifying customer needs and understanding their characteristics to provide satisfactory services. The article also discusses the impact of customer satisfaction and loyalty on the sustainability of educational institutions. The research method used in this article is library research, which involves analyzing and synthesizing existing literature on the topic. The article concludes that providing high-quality services is essential to maintain customer satisfaction and loyalty, which in turn contributes to the reputation, competitiveness, and financial stability of educational institutions.
Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka Dalam Melestarikan Budaya Nusantara
Authors: Rudi Hartono  , I Wayan Suastra  , I Wayan Lasmawan
Published: May 2024

The independent curriculum is a learning method that refers to the talent and interest approach. Students can choose what subjects they want to learn according to their passion. This independent curriculum, the government makes every effort to take advantage of the role of digital in the education system in Indonesia, as evidenced by the existence of platforms that support the learning process. This means that teachers are required to be able to optimize existing digital to add insight and knowledge about learning. The implementation of the independent curriculum is carried out to build and preserve the culture of the Archipelago through the Strengthening the Profile of the Pancasila Student Project. This research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative method which was carried out on students of SDN Slipi 15. In this art performance activity, the dances performed by the students were as follows: (1) Saman dance from Aceh; (2) the Betawi flower creation dance; (3) Kreasi Rampak Warrior Dance from Central Java; (4) Amko rambe yamko dance; (5) Betawi martial arts; (6) Dance created by bells from Kalimantan; (7) Dance created by Alusia from North Sumatra; (8) Manuk dadali dance from West Java; (9) Ondel-ondel dance from Jakarta.
Analisis Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa di SMK Negeri 1 Umbunasi
Authors: Novetrianus Tafonao  , Yulisman Zega
Published: May 2024

The problem in learning mathematics is the assumption that most students perceive mathematics as a boring subject, so that many students do not like mathematics. The method used in this research was descriptive qualitative which was carried out at SMK Negeri 1 Umbunasi class X, Department of Office Management Automation, with a total of 31 students as subjects. The instruments used were 5 test questions and unstructured interview questions. Based on the results obtained, the percentage of students with very high scores was 3.22%, the percentage of students in the high category was 25.81%, the percentage of students in the medium category was 54.84% and the percentage of students in the low category was 16.13%.
Identifikasi Gaya Belajar Siswa dan Dampaknya terhadap Hasil Belajar: Analisis pada Tingkat Pendidikan Menengah Atas
Authors: Rusli Rusli , Suwatno Suwatno , Rasto Rasto , Muhammad Ilham
Published: May 2024

This research is based on the learning outcomes in economics subjects which are still low and the desire to identify trends in students' visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning styles in economics subjects. With this identification, it is hoped that the teacher will find an effective way as a learning strategy in presenting learning and students will find the most suitable learning method for themselves in receiving learning information. This study uses a quantitative descriptive method. Data collection was carried out using a visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning style questionnaire. Descriptive statistics are used to analyze the data then look for trends in each student's learning style and calculate the percentage of students as a whole. The research results are as follows. First, the tendency for visual student learning styles is 45% at high levels, 40% medium, and 15% low. The tendency of auditory student learning styles is 21% at high levels, 70% moderate, and 9% low. The tendency of kinesthetic student learning styles is 4% at high levels, 66% moderate, and 30% low. Second, social studies class XI students at Rokan Hulu District Public High School have a visual learning style tendency of 33%, 38% auditory, and 29% kinesthetic students. Third, the average score for students with a visual learning style is 72.4 and the average score for students with an auditory learning style is 77.8 and the average score for students with a kinesthetic learning style is 69.5. Students with an auditory learning style have an average learning result that is better than those with visual and kinesthetic learning styles.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Siswa Berdasarkan Teori Van Hiele pada Materi Kubus dan Balok
Authors: Palayukan Hersiyati , Langi Evy Lalan , Palengka Inelsi , Hima Lina Rihatul
Published: May 2024

Every student has different abilities, this difference is due to the different stages of ability that students have. The purpose of this study was to describe students' thinking skills based on Van Hiele's learning theory. The subjects of this study were 15 students of class VIII SMPN 2 Makale. The instruments used were test descriptions and interviews. The results showed 93% who had the ability to think at the introductory stage (stage 0), 80% of students who had the ability to think at the stage of analysis (stage 1), 33% of students who had the ability to think at the sequencing stage (stage 2), and 20% of students. who has the ability to think at the deduction stage (stage 3). Thus, the thinking ability of iclass VIII students of SMP Negeri 2 Makale based on Van Hiele's theory on cube and block material reaches stage 3 or the deduction stage.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran STEAM Terhadap Peningkatan Pemahaman Lingkungan Geografis Pada Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun
Authors: Atikah Isnaini Fitri Sofian  , Nur Ika Sari Rakhmawati
Published: May 2024

STEAM learning is one of the appropriate learning and support the demands of the 21st century. This learning is a contextual learning where children are invited to understand and observe the events that occur near them. Children need to be given the opportunity to relate to the surrounding environment which can be done through learning about the geographical environment. This study aims to determine the difference in the ability to understand the geographical environment between groups that use STEAM Learning with groups that do not use STEAM learning. The method used is quantitative with the type of research quasi experimental design that uses non-equivalent control group design. The samples used were 24 children with an age range of 5-6 years in kindergarten located in Kembangbahu District, Lamongan regency. This study used 2 kindergartens in Kembangbahu subdistrict, Lamongan regency consisting of an experimental group and a control group. The results showed that there is an influence of STEAM learning to understand the geographical environment of children aged 5-6 years as evidenced by the results of hypothesis testing post-test data obtained the value of asymmp. sig. (2-tailed) 0.004 is smaller than 0.05. In addition, there was an increase in the average value of understanding the geographical environment from pre-test to post-test after being given treatment in the form of STEAM learning in the experimental class.
Management Of Quality In Madrasah Education Based On Religious Moderation and Inclusive Education In Indonesia
Authors: Wahib Abd. , Mohammad Zaini  , Asnawan Asnawan
Published: May 2024

This paper is a paper that raises the theme of quality management in madrasah education based on religious moderation and inclusion, in this paper there are three questions, first, what is the concept of quality management, in madrasah education? Second, what is the concept of religious moderation which is inclusive in madrasah education? and third, how is quality management in madrasah education based on religious moderation and inclusion? f? by using a content analysis approach to explain the concept of quality management in madrasah education based on religious moderation and inclusion in Indonesia, the results of this paper are first to know the quality management of madrasah education
Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa melalui Model Contextual Teaching And Learning: Quasi-Eksperimen
Authors: Rahmawati Siti Meila , Sutarni Nani , Rasto Rasto , Muhammad Ilham
Published: May 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of using contextual teaching and learning models on students' critical thinking skills. In this study, two classes of class X students at SMAN 1 Ciracap for the 2022/2023 academic year were selected as the experimental group that applied the CTL model, while the other classes became the control group that used the conventional model. Data was collected through pretest and posttest, and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. The results showed that students in the experimental group achieved higher scores compared to the control group, with an average N-Gain of 5.76 indicating a high increase in critical thinking skills. In addition, the significance value of the data is 0.000, which indicates a significant influence from the application of contextual teaching and learning models. In conclusion, it can be concluded that the model has a significant influence on students' critical thinking skills.
Pengaruh Neglectful Parenting Style terhadap Emosi Negatif Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun dalam Pembelajaran
Authors: Nabilla Khanifa Salma  , Rachma Hasibuan
Published: May 2024

Neglectful parenting style is a parenting style that is low on two dimensions, namely response (warmth) and demands (control). This parenting style can lead to a child's lack of ability to manage emotions, thoughts, behavior (self-regulation), and child achievement in school. Negative emotions are unpleasant, disturbing, and generally expressed by dislike for something, such as anxiety, anger, guilt, and sadness. Negative impacts if children have difficulty managing emotions are speech disorders, confusion in expression, difficulty in socializing, and feeling restless, anxious, and uncomfortable. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of neglectful parenting style on negative emotions of children aged 5-6 years in learning using a quantitative approach with a sample of 29 children aged 5-6 years or Group B children in TK Yamassa Surabaya. Data collection using questionnaires distributed via the internet to parents and teachers of children in Group B TK Yamassa Surabaya. The results of the study using a simple linear regression analysis showed neglectful parenting style affects the negative emotions of children aged 5-6 years in learning by 30.2% while the remaining 69.8% can be influenced by other factors such as the child's physical condition, environmental conditions, number of family members, socio-economic status of the family, and the child's place of residence.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran TGT (Teams Games Tournament) Modifikasi Metode Gasing Terhadap Hasil Belajar Matematika Siswa
Authors: Diah Rahmi , Siregar Nurdiana
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study was to find out whether there is an effect of the modified GASING method TGT (Teams Games Tournament) learning model on the mathematics learning outcomes of third grade elementary school students. The research method used in this research is a quantitative approach with the type of pre-experimental research with a one group pretest-posttest design. The independent variable in this study is the influence of the TGT learning model modified by the GASING method, while the dependent variable is the result of learning mathematics. The population of this study were third grade students at SD Muhammadiyah 06 Medan in the 2022/2023 academic year. The sample used is a total sample of 19 people. Data collection techniques were carried out using tests that were given twice, namely pretest and posttest. The instruments used in this study were lesson plans and multiple choice questions which had been validated qualitatively by two expert lecturers in their fields. Data analysis techniques used the normality test, the Wilcoxon non-parametric test, and the Normality Gain (N-Gain) test. The results of this study found that there was an effect of the modified TGT learning model of the GASING method on the mathematics learning outcomes of class III students as evidenced by the students' mathematics learning outcomes before being given treatment which was 56.84 then after being given treatment it increased to 80.00. The results of the Wilcoxon test show that the significance value (sig) is smaller than α, namely 0.000 <0.05, which means    is accepted and   is rejected. The effect of applying the modified TGT learning model to the GASING method is also evident from the increase in learning outcomes as evidenced by the N-Gain (g) test results obtained by 0.6241 included in the medium category.
Efl Teacher Learning In Online Community Of Practice
Authors: Putri Fatin Fauziyyah Tiras , Damayanti Ika Lestari
Published: May 2024

Teachers’ professional development is essential for improving student learning outcomes and fostering overall educational quality. However, many teachers believe that TPD programs are ineffective. Teachers require ongoing programs, encouraging them to discuss ideas and give feedback, and do a collaboration. One of the programs is community of practice, which is a social learning process in which individuals with similar interest collaborate. Thus, this study aims to explore teachers’ learning in community of practice to develop their professional growth. This study adopted case study design involving a group of English teachers in Indonesia who joining an online TPD program. The data were gained through WhatsApp interaction between the teachers and the trainer, and among the teachers. The findings indicated that teachers learn in community of practice by getting proposed questions and given feedback by the trainers, getting teaching resources from the trainers and their fellow teachers, and presenting an issue related to their teaching. These aspects lead to interaction among them. Moreover, the presence of a group coordinator and administrator may help the teachers to foster teachers’ engagement towards the program.
Proses Siswa SMP Feminin dan Maskulin dalam Memahami Bentuk Aljabar
Authors: Putu Windayanti  , Siti Khabibah  , Budi Rahadjeng
Published: May 2024

The aim of the study is to describe students’ procesess on understanding algebraic expression. This research was descriptive study with qualitative approach. Two students with the higher rank in mathematics’ test were selected as the research subject. The data were collected by giving algebraic forms problem based on Anderson’s cognitive processes of understand and interviews. The results shows that on: interpreting, feminin & masculine student transforms the given information into variables to determine the algebraic forms of the problem, the difference is the letters that used to represent variables; exemplying, both student gives appropriate specific examples, the difference is masculine student gives examples of algebraic forms which terms contain single variable; classifying, both student classifies the algebraic forms that has three terms  and explains why an algebraic form called as three-terms of algebraic form; inferring, both student use the information in the problem to conclude the solution; summarizing, both student generalize the general form of three-variables of algebraic form; comparing, feminin student compare the simmiliarities to determine algebraic forms that have the same characteristics as the algebraic form given, while masculline student can not find the simmiliarities. It causes a  bias in masculline student on exemplying.
Pengembangan Pembelajaran Daring dan Media Online Terhadap Kemandirian Belajar yang Dimediasi Motivasi Belajar Siswa SMA
Authors: Yogi Namira Dwi Martina , Mardi Mardi , Pratama Aditya
Published: May 2024

Technology has an important role, because it can improve the quality of education. The use of online media in the e-learning process is very important for transferring knowledge and can increase the effectiveness of online learning. Students who have high learning motivation are able to control their ability to learn independently. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of online learning and online media on learning independence mediated by learning motivation to explain this relationship. This research uses descriptive quantitative method. The sample used was 181 grade 11 high school students. The data in this study are primary data using a Likert scale. Sampling using proportional random. Data analysis technique used SmartPLS version 3.0 software. The results of the study stated that the Effectiveness of Online Learning had a positive and significant effect on Learning Independence, the Effectiveness of Online Learning had a positive and significant effect on Learning Motivation, Online Media had a positive and significant effect on Online Learning Effectiveness, Online Media had a positive and significant effect on Learning Independence, Online media has a positive and significant effect on learning motivation, learning motivation has a positive and significant effect on learning independence. The effectiveness of online learning has an effect on learning independence through learning motivation. Online media has a positive effect on learning independence through learning motivation. This research is an input for teachers to motivate students to learn independently and develop technological innovation and improve student learning abilities.
Implementasi Tontonan Video Edukasi Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Siswa di MIN 7 Kota Medan
Authors: Syarifah Syarifah , Yusnaldi Eka
Published: May 2024

Technological advances have had a major influence on the development of learning, one of which is by providing educational videos which are carried out at MIN 7 Medan City. The purpose of this article is to reveal how to implement educational videos in social studies learning with the following focus. First, how to plan educational video media in social studies learning at MIN 7 Medan City. Second, make the implementation and student learning outcomes of the use of educational videos. Third, what are the obstacles in implementing educational videos in social studies learning and the solutions to these obstacles. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach, with the method of collecting data through interviews, observation, and documentation. Then, to ensure the validity of the data is used through triangulation. The research results obtained as follows. First, in planning lessons using educational video media, it is the duty of the principal and teacher to plan learning in class according to the RPP and develop it. Second, in the implementation of the lesson, it has displayed videos obtained from Youtube in the form of videos of short duration ± 10 minutes when learning is in progress. Third, there are still obstacles felt by teachers and students related to learning such as managing time and teacher skills in designing videos. However, solutions are carried out by teachers such as intense discussions between teachers and students, sharing video selection, and learning innovations. So it can be concluded that the implementation of learning using educational videos is very helpful for teachers and students as a learning support tool in the ongoing learning process.
Hubungan Supervisi Akademik dan Kompetensi Sosial Emosional dengan Kinerja Guru di SD Negeri Kecamatan Kota Masohi Kabupaten Maluku Tengah
Authors: Mahulauw Emy , Kempa Rudi , Rumfot Sumarni
Published: May 2024

The quality of education is considered low by many groups. One of the factors that influence this is the ability of teachers as educators. The enthusiasm for teacher performance is influenced by several factors, including the academic supervision of supervisors, school principals, and the social emotional influence of school principals. This study aims to, describe the relationship of school academic supervision. This research is a quantitative descriptive research. Samples were obtained from 90 teachers at 14 public elementary schools in Kota Masohi District. The technique used is a closed questionnaire. The method used is data analysis. The results of the analysis show that: School academic supervision is in the moderate category (83%), Socio-emotional competence is in the category (76%), Teacher performance is in the moderate category (82%). There is a positive and significant relationship between the academic supervision of school supervisors, social emotional competence and teacher performance so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Conclusion of school academic supervision, Teacher social emotional competence with the performance of teachers of 14 public elementary schools in Masohi City, It still has to be done optimally to achieve the target of supervision. Suggestions from the results of this study the supervision of school academic supervisors and teachers' social emotional competence involves teachers actively in the process of implementing and developing programs, and making decisions related to the development of teacher performance competencies.
Peran Kepala Sekolah Dalam Pengembangan Teaching Factory (TEFA) Pada SMK Pusat Keunggulan Yang Ada di Kota Ambon
Authors: Akyuwen Johanis Stenly , Kempa Rudolf , Rumfot Sumarni
Published: May 2024

Teaching Factory (TeFa) merupakan suatu model pembelajaran pengintegrasian seluruh proses menciptakan barang dan jasa yang ada di dunia usaha dan industri ke pembelajaran di sekolah. Untuk melaksanakan itu, diperlukan adanya peran seorang kepala sekolah dalam memanagenya sehingga tercipta Teaching Factory (TeFa) yang berkualitas. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui peran kepala sekolah dalam merencanakan, mengorganisasikan, melaksanakan dan mengawasi serta mendeskripsika peran kepala sekolah sebagai seorang motivator dalam memberikan dorongan dan semangat kepada para guru untuk melaksanakan serta mengembangkan Teaching Factory (TeFa) di SMK Pusat Keunggulan yang ada di Kota Ambon. Dimana  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, baik pada SMK Negeri 5 Ambon mapun SMK Muhammadiyah Ambon, peran kepala sekolah dalam merencanakan, mengorganisasikan, melaksanakan, mengawasi dan menjadi motivator dalam memberikan dorongan dan semangat bagi para guru dalam mengembangkan Teaching Factory dilakukan dengan sangat baik yakni melalui pengkondisian sekolah dan pengkondisian Teaching Factory. Pada pengkondisian sekolah, kepala sekolah memastikan bahwa lingkungan pendukung pelaksanaan Teaching Factory yakni lahan parkir, tempat pembuangan limbah, tempat produksi dan sebagainya dalam kondisi yang baik. Sedangkan pada pengkondisian Teaching Factory, kepala sekolah memastikan adanya stuktur organisasi Teaching Factory dengan masing-masing pembagian tugas, kualitas produk, permintaan pasar, survei pasar, arah pasar yang dituju hingga mekanisme evaluasi dan rencana tindak lanjut. Oleh sebab itu, demi kelangsungan dan kelancaran pelaksanaan Teaching Factory, seluruh elemen yang ada di sekolah sangatlah diharapkan kerjasamanya dengan koordinasi yang efektif.
Analisis Manajemen Pendidikan Formal Gereja (Studi Katekisasi di Gereja Protestan Maluku Klasis Pulau-Pulau Obi Jemaat Wooi Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan)
Authors: Utubira Everd Elseos Martin , Kempa Rudolf , Lekatompessy Jantje Eduard
Published: May 2024

This research is a type of qualitative research with a phenomenological paradigm that aims to reveal facts about the appearance that occurs in management in catechization education as well as inhibiting and supporting factors. The results showed that the planning of catechization education in GPM Wooi Church started from the mechanism for accepting students, the cost of sidi letters, rules and educator incentives. In organizing there is a division of tasks, delegation of authority and teaching schedules. Meanwhile, in the implementation activities, it was found that the implementation of catechization education learning activities in one week was two meetings, namely Tuesday and Friday and there were two semesters for one academic year, each semester of which learning activities required six months. Evaluation in catechization education includes evaluation of learning outcomes and evaluation of educator performance. The mechanism for evaluating learning outcomes is carried out by techniques of written tests, oral tests and faith tests and the end of this education is confirmation to become a new member of the Moluccan Protestant Church.
Kinerja Guru yang Bersertifikasi di SMP Negeri 4 Kecamatan Sirimau Kota Ambon
Authors: Kesaulya Eka , Kempa Rudolf , Rumfot Sumarni
Published: May 2024

Teacher performance, the form of behavior referred to by the teacher's activities in the learning process. can be seen when he carries out teaching and learning interactions in class including his preparation both in the form of semester programs and teaching preparation. With regard to the importance of evaluating teacher performance. This study aims to evaluate the performance of certified teachers at SMP Negeri 4 Ambon City. This research was conducted as a qualitative descriptive study with the research subjects being the principal, vice principal, and 5 certified teachers. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. As for the subject of this research is the head of the school and teachers. The results of this study are well structured, this is evident. Planning for the performance of certification teachers at SMP Negeri 4 Ambon generally plans according to the provisions, the implementation of certification teacher performance is directed at a good learning process and supervision is carried out with a supervisory system, namely supervisor supervision and functional supervision. Supervision is carried out directly by the school principal and functional supervision is carried out by the school supervisor. Based on the results of the evaluation of the performance evaluation of teacher certification at SMP Negeri 4 Ambon City which was implemented in reality it was going well, but there were also obstacles, namely the learning process had not been carried out and there had to be more improvement for better school progress in the future.
Ekspresi Seksualitas Perempuan dalam Novel Saman dan Larung Karya Ayu Utami
Authors: Riyanti Evi , Tjahjono Tengsoe , Suhartono Suhartono
Published: May 2024

The study of Ayu Utami's novel Saman and Larung in this study discusses the issue of female sexuality expression. The research method refers to qualitative with a semiotic study approach; Signifier and Signified Ferdinand De Saussure. The results of the study show that Ayu Utami's Saman and Larung novels have marker systems related to women's sexual expression in the category of erotic acts, namely sexual arousal by kissing, sexual expectations, sexual fantasies, masturbation, sexual stimulation and intercourse. The interwoven sign system represents markers related to sexual expression as resistance to the dominant (patriarchal) culture in order to achieve social equality, personality, identity, biological needs, sexual habits, relationships, thoughts and feelings.
Menumbuhkan Sikap Disiplin Siswa (Analisis terhadap Praktik Kerjasama Antara Guru di SMA Negeri 5 Pamekasan)
Authors: Agustina Nur Yulia
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the form of cooperation between counseling teachers and Islamic religious education teachers in fostering student discipline at SMA Negeri 5 Pamekasan. The approach used is a qualitative approach to the type of case study research. The data collection techniques used included three techniques, namely interview techniques, observation techniques and documentation techniques for two data sources, namely primary data (BK teachers and PAI) and secondary data (students and supporting documents at SMA Negeri 5 Pamekasan). After that, the data was analyzed using the stages of data reduction, data analysis and drawing conclusions. The findings in this study indicate that the form of cooperation between Counseling Teachers and Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Growing Student Discipline Attitudes at SMA Negeri 5 Pamekasan is already good by practicing coordinated performance and evaluative
Pengembangan Buku Ajar Sastra Anak dalam Perspektif Multiple Intelligences untuk Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter Siswa Kelas 2 Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Oktaviana Nurul Dwi , Sudikan Setya Yuwana , Subrata Heru
Published: May 2024

The study aims to develop learning products in the form of children's literature textbooks viewed from the perspective of multiple intelligences to strengthen character education for grade 2 elementary school students. The procedure in this study adapts the ADDIE development model which consists of five stages of development, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. Based on the results of the study, after carrying out the reliability test the next trial stage was the trial of the developed children's literature textbook product. The results of the research/findings show that the use of textbooks for elementary school students that have been developed is in accordance with the target audience, namely grade 2 elementary school students
Strategi Pemasaran Pendidikan dalam Meningkatan Mutu Sekolah di SMP Negeri 9 Ambon
Authors: Hattu Mesak , Ngabalin Anna Maria
Published: May 2024

Marketing strategy is one way to win competitive advantage on an ongoing basis both for a company that produces goods and services as well as for an educational institution. The education marketing strategy can be seen as one of the bases used in compiling overall program planning in providing satisfaction to stakeholders and the community as users of educational services. The purpose of this research is to describe the strategy and implementation of educational marketing in improving the quality of schools in SMP Negeri 9 Ambon. The approach used in this research is a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Collecting research data through interviews, observation, documentation and triangulation techniques. Data analysis uses reduction techniques, presentation and data verification. The results of this study indicate that; (1) the form of an educational marketing strategy, marketing promotion has been well implemented, namely by understanding the needs of consumers who use educational services, (2) the implementation of the educational marketing strategy at SMP Negeri 9 Ambon on each indicator of the marketing mix strategy has been running well although there are some weaknesses that are still found.
Makna Simbolik Aksesoris Pakaian Adat Pengantin Wanita Suku Dayak Kenyah Kalimantan Timur: Kajian Antropolinguistik
Authors: Puji Lestari Dyah , Rahardi R. Kunjana
Published: May 2024

The writing of this article aims to describe the meaning of the symbol of traditional bridal clothing and the function of traditional bridal clothing of the Dayak Kenyah tribe in East Kalimantan. The formulation of this research problem is how to group the meaning of symbols in traditional wedding clothing accessories of the Dayak Kenyah tribe and what are the functions of traditional bridal clothing accessories in the life of the Dayak Kenyah tribe in East Kalimantan. The research method used in this study is an ethnographic method with simplification of steps according to research needs. Data collection and data analysis methods in the form of interviews and literature studies. The results of the study show that there is a symbolic meaning found in the traditional wedding dress accessories of the Dayak Kenyah tribe.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Siswa tentang Konsep Bentuk bentuk Kerjasama dalam Organisasi pada Pelajaran PKn dengan Menerapkan Model Bermain Peran (Role Playing)
Authors: Awaliyah Tuti
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the increase in students' understanding of the concept of forms of cooperation that exist in an organization. The reason for this class action research is that there are many students who have not graduated when the evaluation is carried out on the concept of forms of cooperation in organizations. After applying the role-playing model in Civics lessons about the concept of forms of cooperation in organizations in grade IV SDN Tegal Kalong, it turns out that students' understanding has increased.
An Analysis of Grammatical Errors in Writing The Procedure Text of The Ninth Grade of SMP Negeri 5 Botomuzoi in 2022/2023
Authors: Mendrofa Veronika Nurdelima , Laoli Adieli
Published: May 2024

This research is aimed to investigate the errors made by the ninth grade of SMP Negeri 5 Botomuzoi in writing procedure text. It intends to (1) identify the types of errors done by the students in writing procedure text, and (2) find the causes of the errors. It applied  a qualitative research. The participants were 20 students of ninth grade of SMP Negeri 5 Botomuzoi. The data were the procedure text written by the students. Those described the types of errors. Then questionnaires got from the english teacher and students described the cause of errors.  Results of the data analysis indicated that there were 182 frequencies of errors done by 20 students. The types of erros done by students were omission, addition, misinformation and misordering. The frequencies of omission type done by students were 48 (26.37%). The frequencies of addition done by students were 32 (17.58%). The frequencies of misinformation done by students were 66 (36,26%). The frequencies of misordering done by students were 36 (19.78%). These errors are caused the lack of target language knowledge (intralingual errors). They consisted of lack of vocabulary, spelling, the use of plural and making noun phrases. The second cause was the frist language or mother tongue (interlingual errors). There the errors caused by the influence of first language.