bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Nanosheets and Micro-Spheres from the Self-Assembly and Polymerization of N-Octadecyltrichlorosilane
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Ke Qing Ping , Zhang Lei , Tang Tian Di
Published: August 2011

Formation of layered nanosheets and micro-spheres from a simple self-assembly and polycondensation of n-octadecylsilane (PODS) in water and toluene is demonstrated, respectively. The structure of the micro-spheres was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). According to the TEM images, it was firstly confirmed that the micro-spheres consist of stacks of bilayered polymerized n-octadecylsilane with head-to-head arrangements. The co-effects of water and solvent were proposed to control the octadecyltrichlsilane hydrolysis process and eventually the morphology of the micro-spheres. A micelle formation mechanism for the formation of the PODS micro-spheres under the co-effects of water and solvent were firstly proposed.
Investigation of Gas Nitriding on Wear and Corrosion Behavior of 40Cr Steel
Authors: Wang Bing Ying , Hou Zhen Bo , Wang Wei , Zhao Bin
Published: August 2011

The influence of gas nitriding on the wear and corrosion resistance of 40Cr steel was investigated. Gas nitriding experiments were carried out at 550°C for 2h and 10h. The microstructure and hardness gradient were observed and analyzed through metallurgical microscope and micro hardness tester. The polarization curves were scanned by the M398 Corrosion Integrated Test System. Using MG-200 high speed friction and wear testing machine did end mill test and calculated the wear rate. By scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observationing the worn surface morphologies. The results show that after different nitriding time, the specimen surface forms with nitrided layer of different thickness, and changes with the hardness decreased with the penetration depth. Furthermore, the gas nitriding treatment may change the corrosion potential positively and reduce the density of the electric current of 40Cr steel. In addition, wear mechanism of the matrix is mainly adhesive wear, but after nitriding is mainly abrasive wear. The wear rate reduces significantly.
A Study on Modified Maximum Force Criterion to Predict Forming Limit Curve of Stainless Steel Sheet
Authors: Nguyen Duc Toan , Banh Tien Long , Jung Dong Won
Published: August 2011

In order to predict forming limit curve for stainless steel sheet, the modified maximum force criterion (MMFC), introduced by Hora et al (1996 A prediction method for ductile sheet metal failure in FE-simulation Proc. Numisheet’96 Conf. pp 252–256), was adopted follow Swift’s hardening law. After comparing with experimental results, the improvement of MMFC model for FLD’s prediction were proposed based on Swift’s hardening law by representing work hardening coefficient as a function of strain ratio (β). The proposed MMFC model shows in good agreement between FLD’s computational and experimental result for stainless steel sheet. The results of proposed MMFC model also show that the stress-strain curves of sheets materials are difference at each strain ratio.
Effects of Temperature on Corrosion Behavior of X70 Steel in Halons
Authors: Xu Jing , Yang Jian Wei , Cao Jian Ping , Chen Chen
Published: August 2011

The corrosion behavior of X70 pipeline steel in 0.5% NaC1 solution in different temperature of 25°C、35°C and 55°C was studied by dynamic potential polarization curve and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS）method. The corrosion topography of X70 pipeline steel in normal temperature and 30°C was also compared in immersion corrosion test after 25 days. The results show that when the temperature rises, the corrosion current density Icorr increases, the linear polarization resistance reduces, cathode polarization curve right shift, caused corrosion rate increases which primarily by the increasing the transmission of reactant in the cathode reaction. Pitting corrosion developed after 25 days immersion corrosion in 30°C solution which proved the promoter action of temperature to pit corrosion, and which is agreed with the electrochemical corrosion test results.
Research of High Efficiency Combined Wire Electrochemical Machining Technology and its Application
Authors: Wu He , Xiao Shu Hong , Li Qing Guo , Zhang Yong Jun
Published: August 2011

In view of major problems for the current metal cutting technology, a combined sand coated wire electrochemical machining technology is introduced. This method uses porous silicon carbide coated in metal wire electrode for grinding and electrolytic machining, which has both wire electrolytic and sand wire grinding characteristics, and greatly improves the cutting efficiency. The composite wire electrochemical cutting technology principle is analyzed. The method for determining the main process parameters is presented, and the effectiveness of its application in thin-walled metal pipe cutting is validated.
Experimental Study on GMAW with Strip Electrode
Authors: Zheng Sen Mu , Gao Hong Ming
Published: August 2011

GMAW with strip electrode is a new method, which uses the flat wire with a rectangular cross-section to replace the conventional round wire as consumable electrode. In the present study, the welding system was established. Then the typical arc behavior and metal transfer were analyzed. After that, high-speed-high-current welding experiment was carried out in both GMAW with strip electrode and conventional round wire. The results show that, Compared with the conventional GMAW with round wire, the welding arc of GMAW with strip electrode has much lower arc pressure, and the impact of the droplet on the weld pool is weakened remarkably. These two characteristics make GMAW with strip electrode suitable for high efficiency welding on the basis of maintaining the original advantages of GMAW.
Virtual Prototype Modeling and Dynamics Analysis of a Large-Scale Wind Turbine’s Gearbox
Authors: Hu Guo Yu , Sun Wen Lei
Published: August 2011

With the gearbox of a large-scale wind turbine as a study object, the virtual prototype model of gearbox is created based on UG and ADAMS softwares according to its design parameters such as structure and size. By rigid and flexible dynamics analysis for gearbox, the angular velocity and acceleration curves of the in-out shaft are obtained. Gear meshing forces and flexible body stress cloud using ADAMS are also obtained. It is verified that these results are coincided with the theoretical value through analysis and the simulation results of ADAMS are valid. The simulation results show that the design level of wind turbine gearboxes can be improved using the virtual prototype technology and lay a good foundation for further optimal design.
The Simulation Analysis of Friction Effect on Cutting Process
Authors: Li Shu Jun , Wan Xiao Hang , Dong Zhao Wei , Yuan Yuan
Published: August 2011

Adopted the Lagrange quality point coordinate system description method used the FEM analysis software, the reasonable two-dimension heat-mechanic coupling orthogonal cutting model is established in this paper, which uses the ameliorated Coulomb friction theory to simulate the friction status between the chips and tools. This paper simulates the cutting process with different friction coefficient. It can draw conclusions that the cutting forces and the residual stresses of machined surface are increasing with the raising of touching length of rake face and chip, the raising of cutting temperature. The friction coefficient has the important effect on the machining quality.
Three-Dimensional Pattern Design of Processing Draft
Authors: Lv Jian Qiang , Tian Kang Le , Hu Yu Jun , Gao Hong
Published: August 2011

Three-dimensional pattern design of processing draft
Research on the Failure Mechanism of Flash Welded Rail
Authors: Zhu Yong Hui , Chen Hui , Zhu Zhong Yin , Ma Chuan Ping , Wang Li Jun , Wang Gui Guo , Yu Jin Peng
Published: August 2011

For the high speed train, safety is the most important factor. Flash welding is the primary technology for the seamless line rail in Chinese railway. So the quality of the flash welded joints is the most important. This paper presents the situation of joint fracture in rail flash welding joints and analyses the failure mechanism through macroscopic and microscopic observation. The result demonstrate that the cracking of the rail is fatigue-crack propagation，the fatigue cracking is caused by alumina calcium-Aluminates-non-metallic inclusion．
Experimental Research on Ultrasonic Vibration Deep Hole Honing of Titanium Alloy
Authors: Zhao Hong Bing , Nan Ying Fei
Published: August 2011

Deep hole honing is the primary way of finishing, the main problems existing now are the low efficiency, high surface roughness, especially in the processing of difficult to cut materials. In this study, the test is on the titanium alloy and uses the self-developed ultrasonic vibration honing equipment. The results show that in the same conditions, the ultrasonic vibration in deep-hole honing can improve the efficiency about 1 times, and meanwhile the surface roughness can reach below 0.8μm, the oilstone is uneasy to block, and the technical effects are better than traditional honing process.
Fault Feature Extraction Based on Improved EEMD and Hilbert Transform
Authors: Hou Pei Guo , Zhou Qian , Wang Zhong Dong
Published: August 2011

Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD) can overcome the mode mixing problem in Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) effectively. The Hilbert-Huang transform still exists end effect in applications, in order to improve the end effect, this paper put forward a method of fault feature extraction based on improved EEMD and Hilbert transform which combines support vector regression (SVR) machine with mirror extension to continue the signal. The analysis on simulation experiments results show that the method can restrain the end effect effectively, get a more accurate instantaneous frequency and instantaneous amplitude.
Study on Wear Properties and Mechanisms of Coated Carbide Tools in Dry Turning of 300M Steel
Authors: Zhang Zong Yang , Ai Xing , Liu Zhan Qiang , Wang Min
Published: August 2011

This paper deals with an experimental research on wear properties and mechanisms of coated carbide tools in dry turning of 300M steel which are widely used to manufacture the central spindle, wheel gear, aerofoil fastener and so on. Based on Makarow’s theory, the minimum surface wear rate hs = 2.88 μm and the optimal cutting speed v = 200 m/mim were attained under the condition of the feed rate f = 0.1 mm/r and the depth of cut ap = 0.15 mm. Analysis carried out with the SEM suggests that adhesion of workpiece material and chipping are dominant wear mechanisms. There was no observation of oxygen existing based on the analysis of EDS which indicated no oxidation wear generated during the turning machining.
Based on ANSYS Planetary Gear Ransmission Design Analysis
Authors: Huang Hao Min
Published: August 2011

Conventional methods of design to be completed ordinary hydraulic transmission gear gearbox design, but for such a non-planet-rule entity, and the deformation of the planet-gear contact stress will have a great impact on the planet gear, it will be very difficult According to conventional design. In this paper, ANSYS software to the situation finite element analysis, the planetary gear to simulate modeling study.
Approximation of Coupling Mode and Fitting Alignment in Planar Light Waveguide Packaging
Authors: Yang Bo , Duan Ji An
Published: August 2011

This paper describes a new active optical alignment method that is developed for the alignment of optical fibers to planar waveguide in order to improve the precision and efficiency of that. A new coupling mode, which is a polynomial function, is rebuilt by simplifying effect factors of the light field coupling process, such as angular offsets and line offsets. The optimum curve which is calculated to fit those sampling points by taking advantage of the least square method assists to locate the maximum coupling point of the alignment. Simulation results show that the alignment of two single mode fields is improved into 0.1μm precision with only 6 sampling points by the new method instead of 0.4μm offset with average 21.4 sample points by hill-climbing method. Using this alignment method, a fiber-to-waveguide, high-efficient coupling that provides higher accurate alignment with less sampling points is achieved.
Temperature Numerical Simulation of Laser Penetration Welding Based on Calculated Keyhole Profile
Authors: Yin Ya Jun , Zhou Jian Xin , Chen Tao
Published: August 2011

According to the calculation model of the keyhole porfile[1], the 3D point cloud data is calculated. Then, the paper establishes a physical model of the keyhole in the laser welding by using the 3D reverse technology. The adaptive mesh generation of the model is processed by the independent development software. Finally this paper establishes a mathematical model of the temperature field in the laser welding, which considers the factor of the welding velocity. A more accurate temperature field is obtained by using the laser welding solver which is a secondary development of OpenFOAM, adding the Guass surface source and the keyhole volume source, and setting the boundary condition of convection and radiation. The result provides more accurate bases for the welding stress field.
Observation of Polypropylene (PP) Melt Flow on Macro and Micro Cavities during Filling Phase of Injection Molding
Authors: Azuddin M. , Taha Z , Choudhury Imtiaz Ahmed
Published: August 2011

The flow of plastic melt in macro and micro parts during the filling phase of injection molding is an interesting area to discover. The visualization technique is a common method used to understand the phenomena of polymer flow in mold cavity. Various shapes and sizes were fabricated on aluminum molds embedded with Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) as observation window. Electrical discharge machining (EDM) and micro mechanical machining method were employed to fabricate plastic parts shape on aluminum mold cavity. This paper focuses and discusses in detail on the Polypropylene (PP) melt flow injected using a custom made vertical injection molding machine. The PP melt flow can be clearly seen through the PMMA window and captured using high speed camera. The captured images are then compared with result from commercially available plastic injection molding software, Autodesk MoldFlow. It was found that there is good agreement for macro plastic parts but not for the micro parts. It can be concluded that, the analysis software has less capability in predicting the flow of melt plastic in micro parts.
Warpage and Structural Analysis of Automotive Trim Based on FFD and CAE in Plastic Injection Molding
Authors: Guo Wei , Mao Hua Jie , Xu Qing
Published: August 2011

In this study, the automotive glove-box-cover was decided as a model, which was assembled on the instrument panel. The material of the cover was Kingfa Sci & Tech Co Ltd, PP+EPDM+20%Talc co-polymer. Firstly, the effects of the process parameters on warpage were examined using FFD. To look for the warpage values, the CAE software Moldflow was used. The significant parameters were found out. Secondly, to determine the distortions of the special points over the top surface of the glove-box-cover, the software Ansys10.0 was used. The structural analyses of the glove-box-cover with different thickness were done in order to determine the performance, and the suggested thickness of the cover was pointed out. At the same time, the strongest and weakest points were found out.
The Parameters Optimization of Rheology Stress Model for Aluminum Based on GA
Authors: Liu Xiao Bo , Yan Wen Kang
Published: August 2011

Based on Hyperbolic sine relationship proposed by Sellar and Tegart rheology stress model for high-purity high-temperature plastic deformation of polycrystalline aluminum was constructed by Zenner-Hollomon parameters. Parameters influencing rheology stress of aluminum were optimized，through the initial population identification、selection、crossover、mutation、evaluation and screening, concluding the connection between rheology stress、deformation rate and deformation temperature by GA(genetic algorithm). The results show that GA is feasible, through model validation by experimental data and comparing calculated and experimental results under different deformation rates.
Solving the Two-Objective Shop Scheduling Problem in MTO Manufacturing Systems by a Novel Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Yao Li Li , Shi Hai Bo , Liu Chang , Han Zhong Hua
Published: August 2011

With the characteristics of un-touching, high-automatic and high-speed, we measured 3D shape by digital moiré patterns. And it can measure 3D shape without compensator, auxiliary mirror, hologram and other assistant modules. So it is widely used in measurement of 3D shape. But with the negative effect of grating area and CCD resolution of the camera, it has some problems in large aperture, steep aspheric surface, even off-axis aspheric testing. Focus on these problems; this paper established a sub-region splicing measurement of aspheric surface by using the combination of digital moire patterns and digital phase shifting technology. This paper also illustrated the basic theory, and the mathematical implementation procedure. In all, sub-region splicing digital moiré patterns can be considered as another method, which beyond compensation tests to measurement of aspheric surface.
Micro-Scale Abrasive Wear of Soft Materials
Authors: Chen Ping , Wan Jing , Chen Hua
Published: August 2011

Ball-crating micro-scale abrasion technique has been used to determine the specific wear rates of coating and substrate by only one set of tests done with the coated surface. It can also be used to test wear performance of bulk materials. Some micro-scale abrasive wear problems about soft bulk materials were investigated with multifunctional micro-wear tester by self-development. And it was compared with Ni60B coating and TiN coating having higher hardness. The formation and evolution of ridges of the abrasion scar on soft material surfaces have been studied. The formation mechanism of ridges was discussed and the influencing factors on the ridge formation were analyzed. Recommendations were made for the optimum test conditions for micro-scale abrasive wear investigation of soft materials.
Research on Oil Monitoring of Heavy Vehicles Based on Information Entropy Theory
Authors: Liu Xue Gong , Li Zhan Guo , Wang Zha La
Published: August 2011

This paper is mainly about the experiment research of oil monitoring for a kind of special heavy vehicle’s transmission system. The wear elements in lubrication oil of a heavy vehicle’s transmission system were analyzed by the spectroscopic analysis method, and gear’s wear status was studied. Probability density function and probability distribution function of wear information about the elements in lubricating oil were calculated by the maximum entropy theory. The running cut-off point is obtained for diagnostic criteria of the vehicle’s failure, which provided evidence for monitoring and judging the reliability of the vehicle’s wear.
Research on the Tack Value of Offset Printing Ink
Authors: Yang Yong Gang
Published: August 2011

In order to find out the variation law of ink stickiness during the printing, the ink tack value under 9 different linear velocities of ink distributing roller was tested, and the relation equations between tack value and the roller linear velocity were built up. At the same time, the plastic viscosities of 8 offset inks and their tack values under 9 separation velocities were also tested. The study results showed that the higher the linear speed was, the larger the tack value was, and it would stay in a relatively high tack value (regarded as infinite tack value). Also, the printing ink having high viscosity may possess low tack value.
Creep Testing and Visco-Elastic Behaviour Reseach on Carbon Cathodes during Aluminum Electrolysis
Authors: Liu Qing Sheng , Tang Hai Feng , Fang Hui
Published: August 2011

An apparatus to measure compressive creep in carbon cathode materials has been developed. Short-time creep were measured at 30°C，965°C and during aluminum electrolysis at 965°C. The creep strain increases with stress, indicating that the creep behavior is of the stress dependency. The ranking from low to high creep was at 30°C<965°C<during aluminum electrolysis at 965°C. The integral creep conctitutive mdoel were estalished based on the relevant rheological mdoel. The results indicate the proposed rheological model can discribe the creep rate at the first stage and the stady-state stage on the creep strain curves. Simultaneously, the viscous coefficents denoting the viscous behavior in visco-elastic constitutive model were determined by taking use of the creep testing data.
Establish Sorptive Test System and Validation of the Reduction Indoor HCHO Concentrations by Building Material in Taiwan
Authors: Chiang Che Ming , Huang Kun Chih , Lee Ching Chang , Chen Cheng Chen
Published: August 2011

With the countries in the world gradually emphasize that the well-controlled of indoor air quality (IAQ) and indoor environment health (IEH) would reduce the hazards of human health. This study response the international community has been launched sorptive building materials, such as standards ISO, JIS, etc in recent years, and based on ISO 16000-23 through the small-scale chamber equipment system to develop and establish “sorptive building material test system, SBMTS”, National Performance Laboratory Center in Taiwan. In accordance with standard operating procedures (SOP) to validation of the test system and provided for sorption test by three building materials. The results was verified SBMTS to conform concentrations of HCHO recovery more than 80% by repeatedly sampling and the system was meet the stability through the instrument monitoring display, which could to provide the relevant performance validation and testing for SBM. This study according results with sorption test of select foreign and domestic by building materials, and the performance calculation include the sorption flux, Fm and the equivalent ventilation rate, Fv, eq by SBM, which could provide to reference of the national standards.
Preparation of Biodiesel from Tung Oil Catalyzed by Sulfonic-Functional Brǒnsted Acidic Ionic Liquids
Authors: Zhou Jian Hui , Lu Yu Jing , Huang Bao Hua , Huo Yan Ping , Zhang Kun
Published: August 2011

Preparation of biodiesel from tung oil catalyzed by five Brǒnsted acidic ionic liquids (ILs) with propyl sulfonic acid group was investigated. These ILs show good catalytic activity for the transeserification of tung oil. Among these ILs, [C3SO3Hmim]HSO4 showed a highest catalytic activity. In addition, these ionic liquids had a good reusability and could be easily separated from the biodiesel.
Study on Methods for Calculating Tool Position Error Distribution during 5-Axis Machining of Sculptured Surfaces
Authors: Xu Ru Feng , Chen Zhi Tong
Published: August 2011

With the continuous improvement of the calculation speed of computer, tool positioning methods based on numerical calculation in five-axis NC programming will play a greater role. First, this paper introduces three numerical methods for calculating tool position error distribution between a torus cutter and design surface in 5-axis machining of sculptured surfaces, namely a method for discretizing design surface, a method for discretizing the torus central circle, and a longitude method. At the same time, the detailed calculating steps are also given. An example of a cylindrical surface machined with torus tool is then conducted to compare and analyze the calculation accuracy and efficiency of the above methods. Results obtained show that the calculating deviation for computing tool position error distribution using the method for discretizing the torus central circle is minimum, while that using another two methods are larger; the calculation time of the method for discretizing the torus central circle is shortest, while that of the longitude method is longest; within the given programming tolerance, the machining strip widths calculated by the above methods are appropriately same, and the maximum deviation of actual machining strip width is within 2% of the theoretical value.
Preparation of Anti-Oxidation Coating on Billet Heating for Silicon Steel
Authors: Chen Hua Sheng , Gu Hua Zhi , Zhang Yan Wen , Chen Xi Lai , Xu Guo Tao , Xue Gai Feng
Published: August 2011

Based on the perspective of the linear expansion coefficient, an anti-oxidation coating on billet heating for silicon steel was prepared. The anti-oxidation coating can be used at 1400oC and it has good property of automatic pelling off, and the oxidation burning loss was decreased by 80.65%. The microstructure of the coating was observed by scanning electron microscope. The results indicate that the high-temperature anti-oxidation mechanism of the coating on the surface of steel billet is cavity clogged by molten slag, and the service life of anti-oxidation coating is relied on the resistance to permeation and erosion of molten slag.
Thermal Stress Analysis of Water-Cooling Brake Disc Based on 3D Thermo-Mechanical Coupling Model
Authors: Tang Wen Xian , Cai Yun Di , Cheng Cheng , Huang Qiu Yun
Published: August 2011

As the key part of offshore drilling drawworks brake system, the brake disc plays a vital role in guaranteeing the working reliability and operational security of the drawworks. To obtain the distributions and variations of thermal stress field in the water-cooling bake disc in an emergency braking, the 3D thermo-mechanical coupling theoretical model and FEM were established in this paper. Meanwhile the displacement and thermal boundary conditions for solution were determined, and then fully coupled analysis of thermal stress field in the disc was carried out by using ABAQUS software. The analysis results showed that, temperature field and stress field in the process of emergency braking were fully coupled. The temperature, radial stress and circumferential stress on the disc surface were presented as a hackle. The circumferential stress was significantly greater than the radial stress. Thermal stress has a periodic effect on the brake disc during braking, so the circumferential stress is the main factor that accounts for the initiation and propagation of crack on the brake disc surface.
Analysis of Engineering Change Based on Product Development Network
Authors: Gong Zhong Wei , Yang Hai Cheng , Mo Rong , Chen Tao
Published: August 2011

Engineering change is an important and complex activity for manufacturing enterprises. In order to improve the efficiency of engineering change, designers should pay different attentions to different nodes of product development network. In that case, a method of classifying the nodes was proposed. First, we proposed a method to cluster the nodes based on design structure matrix; then, we analyzed the indexes for evaluating the importance of nodes and studied the method of classifying the nodes of product development network; finally, the experiment of managing a type of motorcycle engine was employed to validate our method and it showed the correctness of the proposed method.
The Development and Research of Special Postprocessor for DMU125FD Machining Center
Authors: Zhang Li , Zhang Yu
Published: August 2011

This article appeared in foreign countries, the B-axis tilt of 45 ° with a turntable for a special non-orthogonal body Rocker 5-axis machining center, the correlation is derived post-processing algorithm, through a combination of UG/Post Builder post-processor development tools, the development of models for DMU125FD processing center dedicated post-processors, and implements the turning&milling complex processing functions, and further proved by experiments that the special post-processor is correct and practical.
Research on the Data Modeling of PDM Based on SmarTeam
Authors: Yuan Zhi Hua , Wang Zhi Jun , Li Hai Wei
Published: August 2011

Current manufacturing industry requires product data management (PDM) for efficient product development and production. As a key tool of PDM, SmarTeam provides comprehensive management capabilities for data associated with products, covering concept formulation, design, manufacture, maintenance and disposal. In this paper, based on the notions of Class and Object, an integrated model to aid data management of product is proposed.
Study on NC Machine Tool Select Incremental Value Programming and Select Absolute Value Programming of Machining Accuracy
Authors: Huang Tian Biao
Published: August 2011

The most important issue of concern for NC processing operators and designers is to establish perfect numerical control processing procedure, to processes high grade components[7]. The introduction of NC processing application in accordance with the same processing craft is to see whether they result in two kinds of different processing precisions.
A Novel Measurement System to Evaluate the Six Geometric Errors of Rotary Table
Authors: Lee Kwang Il , Nanda Kumar A.G. , Yang Seung Han
Published: August 2011

In this paper, the novel measurement system for estimating the six geometric error of rotary table has been proposed. This system configuration comprising four components namely laser diode, beam splitter, position sensitive detector (PSD) and deflecting mirror. The advantage of this approach is that all six geometric error of rotary table can be evaluated by just measuring four set of points from this system configuration. To estimate the geometric errors, a linear relationship is established mathematically between measurement points and geometric errors. The line equation and plane equation along with homogeneous transformation matrix are used to define the linear relationship. The mathematical model is simulated to verify the validity of the system; the result shows the proposed system is suitable to measure the geometric errors of rotary table.
Experimental Study on High-Speed Milling of Aluminum Alloy 2A70
Authors: Yu Feng Yun , Feng Ming Jun , Dai Ming Jun , Sun Hong Jiang
Published: August 2011

High-speed cutting technology is widely used in aviation, mold, automotive industries and other fields for its high machining efficiency, smaller cutting force, less cutting heat and high machining precision. However, the production site in China, high-speed machine tools do not really play its role in some enterprises, without real sense of the high-speed machining. Aluminum alloy 2A70 as the research object, using single-factor test, study the effect law of high-speed milling parameters on milling force here. The results show that: the cutting force is varying for high-speed milling, showing a periodic variation, with the transient characteristic, the milling force is large amplitude fluctuations in X and Y direction, the amount of change is respectively 55.544N and 56.306N. Milling force influenced by the spindle speed, with the increase of spindle speed, X contribute to the greatest change in the direction of milling, Y direction second, Z direction is almost unchanged. Under the experimental conditions, the stability high-speed cutting area of 2A70 is the spindle speed in the area of 21000rpm~27000rpm. The results of high-speed milling of aluminum alloy have certain significance.
Development of Micro EDM with Directly Mounted APA 400MML Actuator as Tool Feed Mechanism
Authors: Mahendran Samykano , Fazli Ismail , Thinesh Chander Sawalingam
Published: August 2011

The development of new, advanced engineering materials and the need for precise flexible prototypes and low volume production have made Micro-EDM and important manufacturing process to meet such demands. The most important parameters in Micro-EDM are the material removal rate (MRR), the tool wear rate (TWR), accuracy and surface texture. The influence of peak current, gap voltage, pulse duration and process parameters plays important role in determining the material removal rate and tool wear rate on Micro EDM. Thus, this paper describes the development of the Micro-EDM based on the tool wear rate and material removal rate of the system using directly mounted APA 400MML actuator as the tool feed control system.
Experimental Research of Electrochemical Mechanical Polishing (ECMP) for Micro Tool Electrode
Authors: Guo Shuai , Guo Z.N , Luo Hong Ping , Gu Wen Cai
Published: August 2011

The mechanism of the elctrochemical mechanical polishing (ECMP) technology for micro tool electrode was investigated. In this paper, suitable major process parameters on the surface quality were evaluated, the major parameters contains electrical parameters, machining gap, the working fluid and other factors. In quantitative analyses, the process of the ECMP technology were conducted. The roughness of the workpiece was reduced from a relatively high value to a mirror effect.
A Study on Surface Generation along Nominal Cutting Direction in Elliptical Vibration Cutting
Authors: Zhang Xin Quan , Kumar A. Senthil , Rahman Mustafizur
Published: August 2011

The elliptical vibration cutting (EVC) technique has been found to be a promising technique for ultraprecision machining of various materials. Researchers have proved that the EVC technique prevails over both conventional cutting and 1D vibration cutting techniques in most aspects in terms of cutting performances. However, during the EVC process, vibration marks or cusps are generated by the elliptical vibration locus and can result in an increase in the overall roughness of machined surface, which is undesirable for achieving high-quality mirror surface. Although researchers have developed a calculation method for the height of the cusps, only the effects of vibration frequency on surface generation were studied, and the effects of the other vibration and machining parameters have not been investigated in detail by previous researchers. Hence, in the present study, in order to deeply understand surface generation process along nominal cutting direction under the EVC technique, which is critical for its performance improvement and application, an experimental study comprising a series of grooving tests was carried out. The effects of nominal cutting speed on the surface generation at two different thrust-directional vibration amplitudes are investigated. Analysis is given for the comparison between the theoretical and experimental roughness values, showing that there exists a critical nominal cutting speed, below which the measured roughness value is quite small and the vibration marks are almost undetectable.
Durability of Low Pressure Plasma Sprayed MoB/CoCr Coating on 310S Stainless Steel in Molten Al-12.07wt.%Si Alloy
Authors: Chen Xiao , Zhang Ren Yuan , Li Feng
Published: August 2011

A sprayed MoB/CoCr cermet coating was formed on 310S stainless steel by low pressure plasma spraying (LPPS), and its durability in the molten Al-12.07wt.%Si has been investigated by SEM、EDS and XRD. The immersion test revealed that the MoB/CoCr coating has much higher durability without dissolution in the molten Al-12.07wt.%Si alloy. Little change of crystal structure, mainly composed of ternary borides of Co2MoB2 and CoMoB, suggesting that the ternary borides have much higher durability.
Surface Channel Hot-Carrier Effect on CLC n-TFTs
Authors: Wang Mu Chun , Yang Hsin Chia
Published: August 2011

The deterioration of continuous-wave green laser-crystallized (CLC) single-grainlike polycrystalline silicon n-channel thin-film transistors (poly-Si n-TFTs) under surface channel hot-carrier (CHC) stress (VDS=16 V and VGS=16 V labeled as a CHC-1 stress) was studied. The electrical properties of trap states containing interface trap states of gate oxide and poly-Si channel and grain boundary trap states were characterized by capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurement. In addition, while a higher stress voltage, CHC-2 stress at VDS=18 V and VGS=18 V, was adopted, the increase of interface trapped charges was obviously observed.
Single Femtosecond Laser Pulse Irradiation of Silicon on Different Crystallographic Facet Planes
Authors: Qi Li Tao
Published: August 2011

Experiment on ablation of silicon wafer on different crystallographic facet planes by single laser pulse irradiation was carried out with a femtosecond pulsed laser operating at a wavelength of 780 nm and a pulse width of 160 fs. The quality and morphology of the laser ablated silicon surface were evaluated by atomic force microscopy. The ablation threshold fluences on different crystallographic facet planes were obtained through the relationship between the squared diameter of the craters and pulse energy. The effects of different crystallographic facet planes of silicon wafer on the process of femtosecond laser ablation of silicon wafer were studied.
Probing Drain Current with Vertical and Horizontal Electrical Fields under Temperature Stress on CLC TFTs
Authors: Wang Mu Chun , Yang Hsin Chia
Published: August 2011

Thin-film transistors (TFT) usually exhibit non-uniform electrical characteristics fabricated by the identical process because of the formation of the grain boundary traps, bulk grain traps, interface states and some defects on channel region. All the traps and defects affecting the electrical characteristics of TFTs can be thermally and electrically activated. In this study, the temperature effect accompanying the horizontal and vertical electric fields stressing on continuous-wave green laser-crystallized (CLC) single-grain-like poly silicon TFTs (poly-Si TFTs), presenting the excellent effective electron mobility, up to 530 cm^2/V-s, was firstly investigated.
Surface-Channel Drain-Avalanche Hot-Carrier Effect under Temperature Variation on CLC TFTs
Authors: Wang Mu Chun , Yang Hsin Chia
Published: August 2011

Continuous-wave green laser-crystallized (CLC) single-grainlike polycrystalline silicon n-channel thin-film transistors (poly-Si n-TFTs) exhibit the higher electron mobility and turn-on current than excimer laser annealing (ELA) poly-Si n-TFTs. Furthermore, high drain voltage accelerates the flowing electrons in n-type channel, and hence the energized electrons possibly cause a serious damage near the drain region and deteriorate the source/drain (S/D) current. Using this good reliability metrology to verify the quality of CLC n-TFTs was adopted. The degradation mechanisms of S/D current for CLC poly-Si n-TFTs were firstly investigated by measuring the gate-to-drain overlap capacitor, and with the drain-avalanche hot-carrier stresses at 2VGS = VDS =14 V and 2VGS =VDS =18 V in temperature environment, 25 oC and 50 oC.
Research on Fatigue Fracture Defect of 23CrNi3Mo Drill Steel
Authors: Huang Bin , Liu Ya Zheng , Zhou Le Yu , Li Guo Wei , Zhang Dan
Published: August 2011

In order to analyze the key factor to affect fatigue life of drill tools, fracture morphology and microstructure of defect samples made of 23CrNi3Mo with different types was observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope(SEM), and micro-hardness was tested, then failure reason was analyzed. The results show that the plastic deformation features of defect sample with high fatigue life is obvious during fatigue cracks generation and expanding, which has good ability to resist fatigue crack propagation, while impacter drill defect sample appears brittle fracture features. The surface of Atlas and impacter drill both have carburized layer with high hardness. The wide transitive layer of Atlas drill renders the strength of carburized layer and the roughness of matrix well matched and has well hardness gradient, while the impacter doesn’t. Thus the hardness gradient and the matching of strength and toughness affect the drill fatigue life heavily, and carburization and heat treatment process are very important.
Study on Feature Extraction Method for Tooth Surface Based on Snake Model
Authors: Zheng Shu Xian , Li Jia , Sun Qin Feng
Published: August 2011

Defective tooth restoration is an essential element for prosthetic tooth, while the tooth shape is mainly determined by its anatomic features. The feature extraction of the tooth surface is one of the important issues in dental CAD/CAM system. In this paper, a feature extraction method of tooth surface based on snake model is proposed. Using the first molar tooth in lower jaw as an instance, the coordinates of the anatomic features are first defined, then by setting different contour energy on the anatomic features and assigning proper energy weight ratio based on snake model, the features of the first molar tooth are extracted successfully. Finally, the feature extraction case studies are performed on other molar and canine teeth. The results show that the tooth features can be accurately extracted and well reflect the tooth morphological characters.
Optimal Policies for Crude Oil Purchasing
Authors: Liu Guo Li , Zhao Jun , Wang Wei
Published: August 2011

Since crude oil purchasing accounts for the largest part of the total costs in the petroleum industry, improving the efficiency of the process is of great significance in economy. In this paper, a novel mixed integer linear programming model is formulated for a large typical oil refinery to determine the purchasing, inventory and transportation quantities over a multi-period horizon while taking into account all the practical features of crude oil purchasing. The objective of the model is to minimize the total costs attributed to crude oil purchasing, i.e. the sum of ordering, purchasing, inventory and transportation costs. The constraints related to bill of materials, different capacities and different transportation modes are considered. A numerical example indicates the extensive application of the presented model.
Community Structure in Service-Oriented Enterprises Collaboration Network
Authors: Zhang Fu Qiang , Jiang Ping Yu
Published: August 2011

Service-oriented manufacturing is a new manufacturing paradigm, which has appeared in large-scale enterprises cluster in recent years. In this paper, the property of community structure for service-oriented enterprises collaboration network (so-ECN) has been investigated. First, characteristics and modeling of so-ECN are presented. Then, implementing procedure of community structure is provided to evaluate the collaboration clustering behavior. Finally, the conclusions and future work are put forward.
How to Realize the Heterogeneous Data Sharing through Grid Technology
Authors: Wang Hong Bo , Wang Zhong Wei
Published: August 2011

Grid technology has emerged as an important new field, distinguished from conventional distributed computing by its focus on large-scale resource sharing, innovative applications, and, in some cases, high-performance orientation. To date, grid technology has been effectively put to use in academic and research institutions to power high-performance and technical computing applications. Grid technology is increasingly being viewed as the next phase of distributed technology. Built on pervasive Internet standards, grid technology enables organizations to share computing and information resources across department and organizational boundaries in a secure, highly efficient manner. Organizations around the world are utilizing grid technology today in such diverse areas as collaborative scientific research, drug discovery, financial risk analysis, and product design. Grid technology enables research-oriented organizations to solve problems that were infeasible to solve due to computing and data-integration constraints. Grids also reduce costs through automation and improved IT resource utilization. Finally, grid technology can increase an organization’s agility enabling more efficient business processes and greater responsiveness to change.
Constructing a Transportation Service Platform through Integrating GPS and Optimized Dispatching Mechanism
Authors: Chueh Hao En , Kao Chang Yi , Fahn Chin Shyurng
Published: August 2011

The complexity of transportation services expands to a service-oriented transportation framework. Generally, transportation vehicles often return as deadheads after they complete their linehauls, utilizing only 50 % of the transportation capacity. Backhaul is a strategy used by freight forwarders that offers shipping to different customers while increasing profits on return trips. Through the dispatching of joint service platform, this study can use GPS and portable mobile devices, geographic information systems, and on-board unit. The idea of backhauls was utilized to maximize transportation efficiency.
Kinematic Analysis and Optimum Design of Double Wishbone Independent Suspension Based on Adams\View
Authors: Wang Yu , Gao Jun Qing , Chen En
Published: August 2011

In this paper the model of a double wishbone independent suspension was established by using ADAMS\view as an analysis platform and the kinematics simulation was performed by way of parametric modeling. By analyzing the dimension parameters of suspension, i.e. the method of DOE (Design of Experiments) supplied by the software, the parameters which were the most important influence of the sideways displacement of wheel had been ascertained: Kingpin length, kingpin Inclination and caster angle. Ultimately the key parameters were optimized with the optimal object of minimizing the absolute value of sideways displacement, and the final test results met design requirements.
An AHP Application for Solar Power Systems Selection
Authors: Chang Che Wei , Chueh Hao En , Lin Hsin
Published: August 2011

Last few years, global warming is a growing problem, and green-energy becoming popular, thus the solar power system more important. In this paper, we use the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) model to help company choose suitable solar power systems.
Modeling Analysis and Simulation Control Mechanism of Resource Ability Occupation
Authors: Shao Can Xia , Wang Ai Min , Chen Hua Wei , Yuan Hong Liang
Published: August 2011

The cases of resource ability occupation are always simplified in the traditional study of modeling and simulation (M&S) of manufacturing system, which commonly leads to the situation of untruthful model and unbelieving outcome during simulation. For this problem, a flexible capacity constraint modeling method and its simulation control mechanism are proposed. On the background of similar issues in production, such as parallel occupation of resources, and discrete combination occupation of resource capacities, a modeling framework for production constraints based on hierarchy simulation model is brought forward. First, a fundamental model is established automatically by data-driven modeling method; then, the constraint model is set up through extending of data structure and transforming of control logic. So universal modeling under condition of resource capacity constraint is realized. Next, its simulation control mechanism is analyzed for typical issues of resource ability occupation. At last, effectiveness of above technological route is verified by case study.
Optimal Co-Design of Control Algorithm and Bandwidth Scheduling for Networked Control Systems
Authors: Chen Rong
Published: August 2011

The performance of Networked Control System (NCS) is not only determined by controller, but also by network QoS. In this paper, aiming at the bandwidth scheduling problem of multiple closed loop control system, an approximate linear function of continuous system performance with delay and sample period is proposed firstly, and then the optimal scheduling algorithm under both non-preemptive rate monotonic (NPRM) schedulability constraint and NCS stability constraint is proposed which is to optimize the overall performance of NCS. Moreover, an algorithm of sample periods harmonization is presented to improve the bandwidth utilization. A reservation-based schedule of non-period data is also taken into account. Finally, an integrated simulation platform based on Truetime is present, and the experimental results show that the scheme is more effective than the former ones.