bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OUTSOURCING – AN ATTEMPT TO FIND A DEFINITION OF THE NOTION WITHIN THE SCOPE OF POLISH LABOUR LAW
Authors: Nowak Paula
Published: October 2018

This article constitutes an attempt to find a definition of the notion of ‘outsourcing’ that would be useful within the scope of Polish labour law. For this purpose, in the first place, the examples of use of the term ‘outsourcing’ within European Union law and Polish law have been presented along with assessments of those usages from the perspective of usefulness for building a general definition of the notion. Subsequently, the most significant literary definition of the notion have been divided into groups of concurrent views, and a definition that would be the most useful from the perspective of Polish labour law, considering its material and subjective scope, has been suggested. Later, a number of criteria characterising the contract of outsourcing have been indicated. Those criteria would also allow to distinguish a contract of outsourcing from a contract of mandate. As the last step, a new definition of the term ‘outsourcing’ within the scope of labour law has been proposed.
Communitarianism, Multiculturalism and Liberalism
Authors: Divjak Slobodan ,   Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
Published: October 2018

In the first part of this text, the author exposes the main features of the liberal or civic state, because both communitarians and multiculturalists tend to criticize that type of state. Their critique of the liberal state and the liberal self as an unencumbered self is “culturalist” by its character. However, it is an expression of conceptual confusion, i.e. of their incomprehension of an essential difference between two conceptual levels: one that belongs to the purely normative rights-justifying perspective and the other that refers to the ontological perspective. Consequently, both of them reject the central liberal thesis according to which the right is prior to the good.The author agrees with an assessment of Richard Robson that multiculturalism is only a form of communitarianism. Contrary to communitarians and multiculturalists, he additionally argues that collective rights are incompatible with the civic state in its pure form because there are structural differences between civic and specific minority rights.Further, the author attempts to show that communitarianism and multiculturalism are forms of postmodernism. Namely, brought to their ultimate logical consequences, the mentioned orientations can be connected to the postmodern notion of radical, irreducible difference.In the conclusive part of the text, he summarizes the common points of communitarianism and multiculturalism and emphasizes the importance of these contemporary theoretical tendencies.
People in the News
Authors: Galloway Ann-Christe
Published: October 2018

Michelle CrawleySarah HendersonNegeen AghassibakeSuzan AlteriAmy BuhlerAlaina BullNicole CarpenterCindy CraigPeter DeanAlyssa DennelerMadelynn DickersonMegan FrattaKaren GriggBrian KeithNancy LovasLauren MartiereSiobhan McKissicAlisa MonheimAmy PajewskiMarisa PetrichChristina PryorSteven PryorMelody RoysterNancy SchaeferSarah SchroederDavid SchwiederMichael ShallcrossTrey SheltonMargarita Vargas-BetancourtMyra WaddellKerry WaltonJerilyn MarshallJ. Richard “Rick” Sayre
Evaluación del abuso psicológico en parejas del mismo sexo: evidencias de validez de la EAPA-P en una muestra de habla hispana
Authors: Longares Lara , Saldaña Omar , Escartín Jordi , Barrientos Jaime , Rodríguez-Carballeira Álvaro
Published: October 2018

Antecedentes: La investigación del abuso psicológico en parejas del mismo sexo se ha incrementado en las últimas décadas. Sin embargo, los pocos estudios de validación de medidas estandarizadas se han realizado en países anglosajones. La Escala de Abuso Psicológico Aplicado en la Pareja (EAPA-P) es un cuestionario auto-administrado que mide comportamientos abusivos experimentados en relaciones de pareja. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la EAPA-P en parejas del mismo sexo compuestas por personas hispano-hablantes. Método: 372 lesbianas, gais y bisexuales participaron en el estudio a través de un cuestionario en línea. Se examinó la estructura interna, las correlaciones con una medida de malestar psicológico y la capacidad de discriminación de la escala. La fiabilidad se examinó mediante el coeficiente alfa ordinal. Resultados: Se extrajo un único factor que explicó el 52.27% de la varianza total, obteniendo una fiabilidad de .95. El análisis discriminante reveló una puntuación mayor de 12 como punto de corte óptimo para identificar la victimización. Se hallaron correlaciones significativas entre las puntuaciones de la EAPA-P y sintomatología depresiva. Conclusiones: La EAPA-P parece ser un instrumento válido y fiable para evaluar el abuso psicológico en personas hispano-hablantes en parejas del mismo sexo.
Perfiles de self-handicapping y autoestima y su relación con las metas de logro
Authors: Ferradás María-del-Mar , Freire Carlos , Rodríguez-Martínez Susana , Piñeiro-Aguín Isabel
Published: October 2018

El presente trabajo pretende profundizar en el conocimiento del self-handicapping académico. Dos son los objetivos de este estudio: (a) identificar posibles perfiles de estudiantes a partir de la combinación del self-handicapping (conductual y alegado) y la autoestima; y (b) analizar las diferencias entre estos perfiles en cuanto a sus metas de logro (aprendizaje, aproximación al rendimiento, evitación del rendimiento y evitación del trabajo). Participaron en la investigación 1028 estudiantes universitarios. Para la obtención de los perfiles se realizó un análisis de perfiles latentes. Las diferencias entre perfiles en las metas de logro se analizaron mediante un MANCOVA, tomando como covariables el género y el curso. Se obtuvieron cinco perfiles de estudiantes: BA/ASH (baja autoestima y alto self-handicapping); BA/ASHA (baja autoestima y alto self-handicapping alegado); BA/ASHC (baja autoestima y alto self-handicapping conductual); MA/MSH (moderada autoestima y moderado self-handicapping); y MA/BSH (moderada autoestima y bajo self-handicapping). Estos perfiles se diferenciaron entre sí significativamente en cuanto a sus metas de logro. Los resultados de este trabajo contribuyen a la comprensión de las características motivacionales de los estudiantes self-handicappers. Dado lo disfuncional que resultan estas estrategias, se plantean algunas pautas psicoeducativas dirigidas a la prevención del self-handicapping en el contexto académico.
ВЈЕШТИНЕ БИБЛИОТЕКАРА САВРЕМЕНОГ ДОБА
Authors: Вуковић Оријана , Рендић Александра
Published: October 2018

Библиотеке, библиотекари и библиотекарство као научнадисциплина током година свог постојања мијењали су свој облик,организацију и начин рада, али је основна функција ове области осталанепромијењена. Прикупљање, чување и давање информација накоришћење и даље је примарни задатак библиотекарства.Библиотеке савременог доба које карактерише период аутоматизације иувођење електронске библиотеке, захтијевају од библиотекарасавременог доба потпуно нова знања и вјештине. Библиотекари сесуочавају са обавезом усавршавања, прилагођавања новиминформационим технологијама и новим методама прикупљања ипреношења информација до својих корисника.
КАКО ДО СВАКОГ КОРИСНИКА
Authors: Јаблановић Катарина
Published: October 2018

Ако пођемо од дефиниције да су библиотеке најотворенијеустанове културе, изазов за сваког библиотекара јесте како библиотечкеколекције учинити доступнима: недосегнутим корисницима изатвореним групама корисника. Формирање библиотечких пунктова самањим, тематизованим збиркама је модел који развија Народнабиблиотека „Стефан Првовенчани“ Краљево. Предмет овог рада јестепредстављање такавог модела рада са корисницима.
ПРИЛАГОЂАВАЊЕ НАРОДНИХ БИБЛИОТЕКА ИЗАЗОВИМА ДАНАШЊИЦЕ
Authors: Шарић Мирела , Дуновић Татјана , Џепина Нада
Published: October 2018

Народна библиотека свим слојевима друштва омогућаваприступ образовању, култури и информацијама. Она је од изузетногзначаја у очувању културе и знања једног народа.. Кроз завичајне збиркенародне библиотеке локална заједница даје свој допринос националнојкултури.Завичајне збирке народних библиотека, заједно са фондовиманационалних библиотека, највише су заступљене у процесимадигитализације. Свјесни да дигитализација представља очување,промоцију и коришћење грађе у “виртуелном” свијету дигиталнихтехнологија, народне библиотеке преузимају и функцију дигиталнебиблиотеке са организованим збиркама дигиталног садржаја, чија јепрвенствена сврха доступност јавности.Све ово означава стреловит развој, који од библиотекара изискујеогромну спремност на прихватање промјена, које се могу савладати самоуз високу професионалну етику и велику жељу за иновацијама у сврхуусавршавања наших услуга. То, такође, значи да појам "континуиранообразовање" за нас представља императив.
ДРУШТВЕНЕ МРЕЖЕ – ПОЗОРНИЦА ЗА ПРОМОЦИЈУ КЊИГЕ, ЧИТАЛАШТВА И ОСТАЛИХ САДРЖАЈА БИБЛИОТЕКА СРЕДЊИХ ШКОЛА
Authors: Мандић Данијела
Published: October 2018

Промовисање школских активности, књиге и читалаштва нанекој од друштвених мрежа, наизглед је једноставан посао, посебно акоузмемо у обзир да већина људи различитих узраста има отворене налогемакар на Фејсбуку и Инстаграму, што умногоме ову тему, незаслужено,већ на самом почетку етикетира као неинтересантно, већ познато исавладано штиво о којем се много писало посљедњих година.Имајући у виду поменуту чињеницу, с разлогом се намеће питањеколико библиотекара средњих школа у Републици Српској користидруштвене мреже за промоцију властитих садржаја и зашто ту врстубесплатног виртуелног простора не искористе, између осталог, и замеђусобну сарадњу, размјену искустава и позитивних примјера избиблиотечке праксе.Одмах затим логично се намеће питање колико библиотекаразапослених у средњим школама у Републици Српској друштвене мрежекористи у служби промоције књиге, читалаштва и библиотекарствауопште и због чега се узалудно противимо технолошким достигнућимакоја су, независно од наше воље, свакако постала дио људске стварности.Управо због тога, овај рад с разлогом актуелизује питање улогедруштвених мрежа у раду библиотека средњих школа у РепублициСрпској и има за циљ да укаже на позитивне стране нових трендова теда, као такав, послужи као мотив школским библиотекарима који јошнису закорачили у свијет социјалних мрежа да то, због својих корисника,што прије учине. Свакако, библиотекари средњих школа не смијуизгубити из вида чињеницу да су тинејџери осјетљива категоријакорисника, те, да би се код њих пробудило занимање за писану ријечили било коју активност школске библиотеке, морају се испоштоватиодређена правила која они постављају и којих се школски библиотекармора придржавати. Осим чињенице да садржаји треба да будузанимљиви, пажљиво одабрани и сликовити, о чему ће на основу личнихискустава бити ријечи у овом раду, осврнућемо се и на поменута правилапонашања на друштвеним мрежама и на моменте феномен друштвенихмрежа посматрати из угла средњошколаца. Овог пута, покушаћемозанемарити негативне стране њиховог коришћења и посматрати их каомоћно оружје у борби за пажњу сваког средњошколца, родитеља,професора...
ЕДУКАТИВНЕ АКТИВНОСТИ ЗА ДЕЦУ И ОМЛАДИНУ У МУЗЕЈСКИМ БИБЛИОТЕКАМА У БЕОГРАДУ
Authors: Настић Оливера
Published: October 2018

У свом раду ћу приказати едукативне активности за децу иомладину које се организују у музејским библиотекама и уопште умузејима, неке примере добре праксе, с посебним освртом на рад уМузеју савремене уметности.Питање едукације у музејима није само предмет теорије музеологије, већвеома важна, али често и интригантна тема музејске публике. Едукацијау музејима вуче корене још из 19. века, а од пре 50 година усвојена је ипрофесија музејског едукатора, односно педагога. У многим музејима непостоји педагог или едукатор који се искључиво бави педагошким радом,то ради углавном кустос који је по занимању или библиотекар, историчаруметности, историчар, етнолог или археолог. Основни циљ музејскихедукативних програмА је коришћење музејских збирки као наставногсредства. По томе се и едукативне активности у музејским библиотекамаи разликују од других типова библиотека које раде едукативне програме.У савременом друштву креативност није привилегија уметника, већопшти став према решењу проблема на било ком пољу људскеделатности. Савремена визуелна продукција, презентована кроз тематскеизложбе, представља садржај на коме се може усвојити и развијативизуелно мишљење и успостављати креативан однос између визуелнеуметности и едукације, еманциповати глобално, креативномишљење које је кључ за разумевање савременог друштва и услов заинтеграцију у њега.Свет се мења, као и публика, тако да и библиотеке и музеји морају да сеприлагођавају. Млађим корисницима, у данашњем дигиталном свету,запослени у свим типовима библиотека морају непрестано да сеприлагођавају, да прате трендове, да креирају програме за њих. Морајуда се ослушкују потребе корисника. Због тога је битно успоставити добрусарадњу са школама, вртићима и другим образовним институцијама, јермузејски едукатори, као и библиотекари, поред едукативних програма,обављају и многе друге послове. Тако сам и ја, поред пословабиблиотекара, организовала и едукативне програме у Музеју. Неке одактивности које музејски едукатори обављају у музејима су: програми увези са изложбом/поставком за посетиоце током радног времена музеја;посебни програми ван времена када је музеј отворен за посетиоце;дешавања: плес, позориште, концерти; едукативни развој: набавка икуповина литературе и материјала; радионице; сарадња са школама/факултетима, организацијама, едукативним центрима и активностивезане за вебсајт, друштвене мреже и друге онлајн активности.
С КОРИСНИЦИМА, ЗА КОРИСНИКЕ – НЕОБАВЕЗНО, НЕУБИЧАЈЕНО, ИНОВАТИВНО: СТАРИ ДОБРИ ПРОГРАМИ НА НОВ НАЧИН И ПРИМЕНА НОВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЈА У РЕАЛИЗАЦИЈИ ПРОГРАМА ЗА ДЕЦУ И МЛАДЕ У БИБЛИОТЕЦИ ГРАДА БЕОГРАДА
Authors: Бабић Вукадинов Миланка
Published: October 2018

Библиотеке су данас куће књига и информациони центри.Спајајући књиге и информације као основу своје делатности она постајеглавна институција за програм доживотног учења и једно од најбитнијихместа за одржање друштва знања, које је императив 21. века.Она је задржала класичне културне програме за децу и младе (промоцијекњига, сусрети са писцима, литерарни конкурси...) потенцирајућиквалитет, али уважавајући технолошке промене 21. века које су довеле идо свеопштих друштвених промена, библиотеке користе ИКТ како бипостале и опстале једно од темељних културних, информационих иобразовних чворишта у друштву.У модерном компјутерском добу примена ИКТ у библиотекама постајеједан од најважнијих захтева како би ове установе културе биле деодигиталне цивилизације. Препознајући проблем читања и коришћењакњига класичне форме, библиотекари данашњице су кренуликонкретним корацима да интернет-генерацији помогну у разумевању икоришћењу виртуелног света. Увођење у виртуелни свет је најбољепочети што раније и са нама, како бисмо образовали будуће читаоцекњига, ма у ком облику она опстане.Библиотека града Београда је једна од првих библиотека у Србији која јепочела са применом ИКТ у свом раду и данас има читав низ активности укојима су ИКТ незаменљиве.У раду ћемо представити ИКТ које користимо у културним програмимаза децу и младе, као и класичне програме, којима подстичемокреативност код деце, будимо интересовање и развијамо таленте за разнеуметничке и научне области, са жељом да деца остану доживотникорисници наших услуга и творци друштва знања мудрих људи.
ОД КЊИГЕ ДО ФИЛМА И ОБРНУТО
Authors: Ђорђевић Виолета
Published: October 2018

У раду се приказује пракса Дечјег одељења Библиотеке градаБеограда у изради анимираних филмова, уз помоћ бесплатних и лакодоступних компјутерских програма. Представљају се почетна идеја, првикораци, различити модели рада, те бројне могућности и изазови којеизрада дигиталних филмова доноси у раду са децом и младима прибиблиотеци. Описују се радионице породичног читања које секонтинуирано, више година, организују за децу предшколског узраста ињихове родитеље. Потом, детаљно се презентују конкретни корациизраде анимираних филмова у оквиру ових радионица. Објашњава сеначин на који су филмови повезани са књигом и искоришћени заподстицање читања код деце на раном узрасту. Такође, приказују семодели сарадње са предшколским установама и школама и представљацелокупан процес израде филмова, путем заједничког деловања. Крозпримере из праксе, настоји се да се што верније прикаже начин на којису деца вршила трансформацију књижевног дела у филм, а затим какофилм као медиј може бити савезник у пружању подршке књизи ичитању. Наглашава се значај дигиталних алата уз помоћ којих се ликови,приче и књижевни јунаци са лакоћом могу преселити у модернофилмско окружење, али, са друге стране, истиче се и значај обрнутогтока, односно како дигитални алати могу на нови начин осветлитикњижевно дело и приближити га деци модерног доба.
ШКОЛСКА БИБЛИОТЕКА И ПРОГРАМ РАДА ШКОЛСКОГ БИБЛИОТЕКАРА
Authors: Симић Наташа
Published: October 2018

Библиотека је културна, васпитна и информационаинституција која прикупља, обрађује и чува своје колекције из разнихобласти стваралаштва и интелектуалне делатности. Библиотека служиширењу знања, културе, образовања, науке и пружа корисницимамогућност стручног, стваралачког и грађанског развоја. Школскабиблиотека је место библиотечко-информационе, васпитно-образовне икултурне делатности. Она је центар за унапређивање разних облика иметода васпитно-образовног рада, место пријема и дистрибуције важнихинформација у школи. У школској библиотеци се прикупља, обрађује идаје на коришћење књижна и некњижна грађа и серијске публикације.IFLA/UNESCO Манифест за јавне библиотеке: улога школскебиблиотеке у учењу и подучавању намењеном свима објављен је 2000.Он је наишао на изузетно добар пријем широм света и преведен је намноге језике. Раде се нови преводи, а библиотекари у целом светукористе Манифест да би побољшали статус школских библиотека усвојим школама.Школска библиотека треба да буде место где ученици на одморима,после и пре школе проводе време: пишу домаће задатке, раде разнереферате или читају обавезну и необавезну литературу. Такоконципирана школска библиотека треба да има одређен простор зачитаоницу, адекватну опрему помоћу које долазе брже до информација,фонд који одговара захтевима школе и наравно обученог стручногбиблиотекара који ће прижати помоћ ученицима и наставницима. Плани програм рада школског библиотекара умногоме зависе од плана ипрограма рада школе. Библиотекар у школским библиотекама треба дапоседује широко основно и професионално образовање.
An automated, high-throughput method for standardizing image color profiles to improve image-based plant phenotyping
Authors: Berry Jeffrey C. , Fahlgren Noah , Pokorny Alexandria A. , Bart Rebecca S. , Veley Kira M.
Published: October 2018

High-throughput phenotyping has emerged as a powerful method for studying plant biology. Large image-based datasets are generated and analyzed with automated image analysis pipelines. A major challenge associated with these analyses is variation in image quality that can inadvertently bias results. Images are made up of tuples of data called pixels, which consist of R, G, and B values, arranged in a grid. Many factors, for example image brightness, can influence the quality of the image that is captured. These factors alter the values of the pixels within images and consequently can bias the data and downstream analyses. Here, we provide an automated method to adjust an image-based dataset so that brightness, contrast, and color profile is standardized. The correction method is a collection of linear models that adjusts pixel tuples based on a reference panel of colors. We apply this technique to a set of images taken in a high-throughput imaging facility and successfully detect variance within the image dataset. In this case, variation resulted from temperature-dependent light intensity throughout the experiment. Using this correction method, we were able to standardize images throughout the dataset, and we show that this correction enhanced our ability to accurately quantify morphological measurements within each image. We implement this technique in a high-throughput pipeline available with this paper, and it is also implemented in PlantCV.
What Is Knee Osteoarthritis?
Authors: Voelker Rebecca
Published: November 2024

This JAMA Patient Page describes knee osteoarthritis and its symptoms, diagnosis, and treatments.
Strengthening Hurricane Preparedness in Hospital Systems
Authors: Hertelendy Attila J. , Ciottone Gregory
Published: November 2024

This Viewpoint highlights 10 categories of recommendations for preparing for current and future hurricane seasons.
Extrusion Reactions Affording Aromatic Systems, Dienes and Polyenes
Authors: Guziec Frank S. , Guziec Lynn James
Published: November 2024

Extrusion reactions may be defined as chemical reactions in which an atom or small molecular fragment Y connected to two other atoms W and Z is lost from a molecule, leading to a product in which W becomes directly bonded to Z. Cheletropic reactions that afford aromatic or conjugated π systems by loss of a stable atomic or molecular fragment have also been classified as extrusion reactions. Typically, the fragments liberated in these reactions are small, stable inorganic molecules or atoms such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulfur, sulfur monoxide, sulfur dioxide, selenium, tellurium, oxygen and nitrogen. This chapter primarily deals with the synthesis of arenes, heterocycles, 1,3‐dienes and polyenes using such extrusion processes. The utility of these reactions in the synthesis of sterically hindered molecules, dendrimers, pheromones, and other natural products are highlighted. The use of extrusion reactions for the “Click and Release” approach in drug development is also introduced.
Oomycete communities in lowland tropical forest soils vary in species abundance and comprise saprophytes and pathogens of seeds and seedlings of multiple plant species
Authors: Broders Kirk D. , Capador‐Barreto Hernan D. , Iriarte Gloria , Wright S. Joseph , Espinosa Hilario , Baur Moritz , Lemus‐Peralta Mayra A. , Rojas Enith , Spear Erin R.
Published: November 2024

Premise

The soils in lowland tropics are teeming with microbial life, which can impact plant community structure and diversity through plant–soil feedbacks. While bacteria and fungi have been the focus of most studies in the tropics, oomycetes may have an outsized effect on seed and seedling health and survival, given their affinity for moister, warmer environments.

Methods

We assessed the diversity and pathogenicity of oomycete species present in a lowland tropical forest in Panama. We used a culture‐dependent leaf‐baiting assay and culture‐independent soil DNA metabarcoding methods to quantify zoospore abundance and species diversity. A subset of the isolates from the baiting assay were used to evaluate pathogenicity and symptom severity on seedlings of three tree species.

Results

Oomycetes were ubiquitous and common members of the soil microbial community in lowland tropical forests, and zoospore abundance was far greater compared to similar studies from temperate and mediterranean forests. The various oomycete species also varied in the ability to infect host plants. Species of Pythium were more virulent, while species of Phytopythium caused less severe symptoms but were more diverse and commonly isolated from the soil. Finally, we found that individual hosts accumulated a distinct oomycete community and was the only factor that had an effect on community structure.

Conclusions

Collectively, these findings demonstrate that oomycetes are ubiquitous, host‐generalist pathogens and saprophytes, that can impact seed and seedling survival in lowland tropical forests.
Characterizing and Evaluating the Structures of Combined Pediatrics and Medical Genetics and Genomics Residency Programs
Authors: Niehaus Annie D. , Stevenson David A.
Published: November 2024

There is limited information on rationale for the current training structure within combined Pediatrics‐Medical Genetics and Genomics Residency (MGG) residency programs. This study addresses the benefits and drawbacks of different training structures. Program Directors (PDs) and Associate PDs of combined Pediatrics‐MGG residency programs were surveyed to evaluate perceived benefits of different structures and the relative importance of particular pediatric rotations for combined training. Programs varied in terms of how many times a typical resident transitioned between Pediatrics and MGG during training (range 4 to > 9). PDs varied in their opinions of which training structure would be most ideal for training a future Clinical Geneticist within a combined Pediatrics‐MGG program. However, the majority of PDs indicated that consecutive training (completing two years of Pediatrics, followed by MGG) would support particular aims of training including continuity of patient care and research productivity. The top six out of twenty pediatric rotations that were ranked as most important in order of importance were neonatal intensive care, development and behavior pediatrics, term newborn, pediatric intensive care, neurology, and inpatient pediatric wards. Particular structures may facilitate distinct aims within training; however, there was not widespread consensus on which program structure would be best. Specific pediatric rotations were highlighted as very important, which could influence future curriculum development.
Heavy Pentaisopropylcyclopentadienyltriylenes and their Heterobimetallic Complexes
Authors: Bischoff Inga‐Alexandra , Morgenstern Bernd , Zimmer Michael , Schäfer André
Published: November 2024

A series of triylenes of the heavy group 13 elements gallium, indium and thallium, carrying the pentaisopropylcyclopentadienyl ligand is reported. The compounds were characterized in solution and in the solid‐state and their donor ligand properties in heterobimetallic complexes were investigated, whereby a series of tungsten carbonyl complexes was isolated. Furthermore, a new synthetic route towards a previously described lithium‐aluminum heterobimetallic dimetallocene is reported, which also enabled the isolation of a heterobimetallic polydecker of lithium and gallium.
Two New Luminescent Metal–Organic Frameworks as Fluorescent Sensors of Nitrobenzene, Fe3+, and Cr2O72−
Authors: Xiong Bin‐Bin , Yue Tian‐Cai , Yao Xiao‐Yan , Wang Lu‐Lu , Wang Duo‐Zhi
Published: November 2024

Two new luminescent metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), namely, [Zn2(HL)2]n (1) and {[Cd2(HL)2(H2O)2]⋅(H2O)0.5}n (2) [H3L = 5‐((4‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)benzyl)amino)isophthalic acid ligand], have been solvothermally synthesized and characterized. Single‐crystal x‐ray diffraction shows that 1 exhibits a 3D framework, whereas 2 features 2D network. Furthermore, the fluorescence studies demonstrated that 1 and 2 exhibited luminescent sensing activity for nitrobenzene (NB), Fe3+ ions, and Cr2O72− anions with high selectivity, high sensitivity, and low detection limit, the corresponding detection limits of 1 were 6.40 × 10−7, 1.26 × 10−7, and 1.44 × 10−7 M, respectively, and that of 2 were 2.42 × 10−6, 3.41 × 10−7, and 2.90 × 10−7 M, respectively. 1 and 2 exhibited excellent solvent, pH, and thermal stabilities. The results suggested that both 1 and 2 can be considered as potential fluorescent sensors of NB, Fe3+ ions, and Cr2O72− anions.
Partner of Choice: Australian National Interest in Infrastructure Development Programs in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Pennington Lucy
Published: November 2024

Australian‐funded development programs aim to support the needs of partner governments but ultimately advance Australiaʼs national interests. This research unpacks this discourse on the major Australian‐funded infrastructure development programs in Papua New Guinea. It has two key findings: first, the way program reporting speaks about geopolitics is implicit, while partnerships are made explicit. DFAT speaks between the lines on geopolitics in aid. Yet, external media and the aid community outside government bureaucracy are quick to speculate about links between the two. Second, political “goals” are achieved everywhere, and not through DFAT effort alone. In this dataset, individual advisers are a key vector of this under‐reported influence. They often perform as political actors despite their position outside formal aid structures. Ultimately, actors are aware of the many aims of the aid program yet seem to make only a certain portion explicit and visible, just to ensure things work in practice.
Utilization of cardiopulmonary bypass at radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma with tumour thrombus
Authors: Suk‐Ouichai Chalairat , Huang Mitchell M. , Neill Clayton , Mehta Christopher K. , Ross Ashley E. , Kundu Shilajit D. , Perry Kent T. , Pham Duc T. , Patel Hiten D.
Published: November 2024

Objectives

The objective of this study is to evaluate preoperative factors associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) utilization and outcomes for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and tumour thrombus (TT). Radical nephrectomy with thrombectomy is a standard treatment for patients with RCC and associated TT. Morbidity and mortality rates tend to correlate with aggressiveness of tumour and TT level.

Methods

Patients undergoing radical nephrectomy with thrombectomy (2006–2023) were retrospectively identified. Inclusion criteria included RCC histology and preoperative imaging available for thrombus‐level categorization based on the Mayo Clinic grading system. Logistic regression assessed predictors for utilizing CPB, and Cox regression identified factors associated with survival.

Results

A total of 72 patients with RCC and associated TT were identified. The median age was 67 years. RCC‐related symptoms were present in 83%, and 28% had Levels 3 and 4 thrombi. Eleven patients (15.3%) had undergone neoadjuvant therapy, and 81% had clear‐cell RCC. CPB was utilized in eight (11.1%) cases. The median tumour size was 10.5 cm. Metastatic disease was greater in the CPB cohort (75% vs. 28%, p = 0.008). All cases performed on CPB were Levels 3 and 4 thrombi (100% vs. 19% in the non‐CPB group, p < 0.001). CPB cases had significantly longer operative time, and hospital stays and rates of Clavien ≥ 3 complications. On multivariate analysis, metastatic disease was a predictor of CPB utilization. Median survival was 74 and 25 months in the non‐CPB and CPB cohorts, respectively (p = 0.01). Pulmonary disease and metastatic disease with CPB utilization were significantly associated with worse survival on multivariate analysis.

Conclusions

Surgical extirpation of kidney tumours with associated TT remains the standard of care among patients with locally advanced RCC. CPB can be utilized to increase the feasibility of resection for high‐level thrombi. Preoperative planning and cooperation among surgical teams are key given the perioperative morbidity and mortality.
Effectiveness of ultrasound‐guided vacuum‐assisted excision for treating benign breast lesions
Authors: Tan Xuanni , Xuhong Juncheng , Ai Xiang , Niu Qin , Liu Jing , Zhang Yi , Qi Xiaowei , Jiang Jun
Published: November 2024

Background

Ultrasound‑guided vacuum‐assisted excision (UGVAE) and breast biopsy are widely used for the diagnosis and treatment of both benign and suspicious breast lesions. In this retrospective study, we aimed to determine the safety of UGVAE for benign breast lesions and provide guidance for clinical practice.

Methods

We analyzed clinical and pathological data of female patients who had undergone UGVAE between January 2015 and December 2017 at our institution. All breast lesions were categorized according to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI‐RADS) before performing UGVAE.

Results

In our study cohort, UGVAE was used to resect 10,378 breast lesions from 5789 patients, and selected clinical and histopathological data were analyzed. The most common adverse events were postoperative bleeding (0.24%) and skin hypersensitivity (0.67%). The residual lesion rate was 2.27%. Fibroadenomas accounted for most of the benign lesions (7932 of 10,193; 77.82%). Breast cancer was diagnosed in 150 lesions from 128 patients. Multivariable binary logistic regression analyses showed that older age (odds ratio [OR] = 2.034, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.668–2.480, p < 0.001), higher BI‐RADS category (OR = 9.514, 95% CI: 6.790–13.332, p < 0.001), and larger legion size (OR = 1.048, 95% CI: 1.019–1.077, p = 0.001) were associated with an increased likelihood of breast cancer. Ninety‐six patients with breast cancer had undergone follow‐up treatment, achieving a 3‐year disease‐free survival rate of 97.2% and a 3‐year overall survival rate of 100%.

Conclusions

UGVAE is a safe and effective means of removing benign breast lesions, causing minimal postoperative trauma and fewer complications compared with open surgery. Moreover, UGVAE had little impact on the follow‐up treatment and survival of patients diagnosed with breast cancer.
Enhancing Front‐End Security: Protecting User Data and Privacy in Web Applications
Authors: Tkachenko Oleksandr , Goncharov Vadim , Jatkiewicz Przemysław
Published: November 2024

Conducting research on this subject remains relevant in light of the rapid development of technology and the emergence of new threats in cybersecurity, requiring constant updating of knowledge and protection methods. The purpose of the study is to identify effective front‐end security methods and technologies that help ensure the protection of user data and their privacy when using web applications or sites. A methodology that defines the steps and processes for effective front‐end security and user data protection is developed. The research identifies the primary security threats, including cross‐site scripting (XSS), cross‐site request forgery (CSRF), and SQL injections, and evaluates existing front‐end security methods such as Content Security Policy (CSP), HTTPS, authentication, and authorization mechanisms. The findings highlight the effectiveness of these measures in mitigating security risks, providing a clear assessment of their advantages and limitations. Key recommendations for developers include the integration of modern security protocols, regular updates, and comprehensive security training. This study offers practical insights to improve front‐end security and enhance user data protection in an evolving digital landscape.
Synthesis of MoS₂/Graphene Hetero‐Film Photocatalyst and Li‐Oxygen Battery Application
Authors: Can Çelt Ali , Çayirli Meltem , Can Özden Reşat , Lökçü Ersu , Anik Mustafa
Published: November 2024

In this study, bilayer MoS2 was synthesized on graphene film using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to get a hetero‐film photo‐catalyst for the photo‐assisted charging of Li‐oxygen battery. The synthesized hetero‐film exhibited an optical band gap of 1.8 eV and a valence band edge potential of −1.23 VAg/AgCl (2.04 VLi+/Li). Fast‐responding photocurrents in the microampere range were achieved through on‐off cycles under visible‐light irradiation. The anodic nature of the photocurrents indicated that the synthesized semiconductor film was n‐type. Photo‐assisted testing demonstrated that the MoS2/graphene hetero‐film photo‐catalyst significantly reduced the charging potential and increased the discharging potential at a current density of 0.1 mA cm−2, thereby greatly enhancing the cyclic performance of the Li‐oxygen battery.
Synergetic monitoring of pressure and temperature stimulations in multisensory electronic skin based on time decoupling effect
Authors: Gao Zhiyi , Zhang Ye , Hu Zhenyu , Zhang Dongdong , Li Shengbin , Xiao Huiyun , Xiang Ziyin , Xu Dan , Zhang Haifeng , Wu Yuanzhao , Liu Yiwei , Shang Jie , Li Runwei
Published: November 2024

The progress from intelligent interactions requires electronic skin (E‐skin) to shift from single‐functional perception to multisensory capabilities. However, the intuitive and interference‐free reading of multiple sensory signals without involving complex algorithms is a critical challenge. Herein, we propose a flexible multisensory E‐skin by developing a highly homogeneous dispersion of BaTiO3 nanoparticles in polydimethylsiloxane dielectric layer. The E‐skin is sensitive to externally applied pressure as well as temperature and can distinguish dual synergetic stimuli by the time decoupling effect. The pressure and temperature perception was achieved in an individual device, which greatly reduced the structural complexity compared with multifunctional integrated devices. The sensitivity of E‐skin for pressure detection is as high as 0.0724 kPa−1 and the detection range reaches as wide as 15.625–10 MPa. The sensitivity to temperature detection is as high as −1.34°C−1 and the detection range reaches 20–200°C. More importantly, by equipping with a multilayer neural network, the evolution from tactile perception to advanced intelligent tactile cognition is demonstrated.
Precision Orthodontic Force Simulation Using Nodal Displacement‐Based Archwire Loading Approach
Authors: Ahmad Waheed , Liang Kanhui , Xiong Jing , Dai Juan , Cao Jun , Xia Zeyang
Published: November 2024

Precision in force simulationis critical for forecasting tooth movement and optimizing orthodontic treatment strategies. While traditional techniques have provided valuable insights, there remains a need for improved methodologies that can seamlessly integrate with fixed orthodontic practices. This study aims to refine orthodontic force simulation techniques by integrating a nodal displacement approach within finite element analysis, specifically designed to enhance prediction accuracy in tooth movement and optimize orthodontic treatment planning. Three‐dimensional patient‐specific models of the Tooth, Periodontal Ligament, and Bone Complex (TPBC) of five volunteers were created, along with models of brackets and wires. The simulation involved an initial step of estimating node displacements to align the archwire with the brackets, followed by a subsequent step to attain the required tooth movement and determine the orthodontic force. Experimental validation of the simulation results was performed using an orthodontic force tester (OFT). Utilizing the nodal displacement approach, the simulation successfully positioned the archwire onto the brackets. When benchmarked against the OFT, 80% of the simulated force directions exhibited angular discrepancies of less than 5°. Additionally, the absolute differences in force magnitude reached 20.06 cN, and in moments, up to 71.76 cN mm. The relative differences were as high as 9.55% for force and 13.83% for moments. These findings represent an improvement of up to 10.45% in force accuracy and 8.87% in moment accuracy compared to median values reported in most recent literature. In this research, a nodal displacement methodology was employed to simulate orthodontic forces with precision across the dental arch. The results demonstrate the approache's potential to enhance the accuracy of force prediction in orthodontic treatment planning, thereby advancing our understanding of orthodontic biomechanics.
Influence of Process Conditions During Aqueous and Direct Recycling of NMC811 Cathodes
Authors: Nagler Felix , Kolb Leonhard , Christian Nino , Flegler Andreas , Hofmann Michael , Giffin Guinevere A.
Published: November 2024

This study investigated the impact of various process conditions on the aqueous, direct recycling of LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) cathodes. Three model systems were used. The first system assumes that the current collector delamination is performed in a dry environment without the use of water as a process medium. Consequently, the NMC811 is only exposed to water during classification, where no aluminum foil is present. The second model system assumes that the current collector delamination occurs in water. Therefore, the NMC811 is exposed to water in the presence of aluminum foil. Due to the pH increase caused by the Li+/H+ exchange reaction, the pH value surpasses the stability window of the aluminum‐oxide passivation layer (pH 4.5–8.5), resulting in the deposition of aluminum‐containing species on the NMC811 surface. The third model system is identical to the second, with the exception that H3PO4 is added. This causes the pH to decrease and prevents corrosion of the aluminum foil. The findings reveal that process conditions significantly affect the surface chemistry on NMC811, influencing electrochemical performance. Notably, aluminum‐containing species increase polarization. Heat treatment simulating regeneration led to cation mixing as surface species diffused into the NMC811 bulk structure, highlighting the need to control recycling process conditions.
A Mixed Method Systematic Review Into the Impact of ED Treatment in Autistic People and Those With High Autistic Traits
Authors: Nimbley Emy , Sharpe Helen , Maloney Ellen , Gillespie‐Smith Karri , Tchanturia Kate , Duffy Fiona
Published: November 2024

Objective

Our understanding of the impact of eating disorders (ED) treatment in Autistic people remains elusive. Research has begun to explore ED treatment outcomes and experiences in this population, however current understandings are poorly integrated. The current review therefore sought to explore the impact of ED treatment on Autistic people and those with higher Autistic traits.

Method

A convergent, segregated approach was used, independently evaluating quantitative then qualitative studies before integrating findings into a coherent narrative synthesis.

Results

Autistic people and people with higher Autistic traits report poorer experiences of treatment and may be at increased risk of inpatient admission and prolonged inpatient treatment, possibly explained by difficulties with treatment timeframes and a lack of autism‐informed support. Both groups reported similar improvements in ED symptoms and BMI. Higher rates of psychosocial difficulties pre‐and post‐treatment were reported in those with higher Autistic traits, and emotion‐focused interventions were felt to be particularly relevant to Autistic presentations of EDs. Concerns were reported as to how well aligned group‐based programs and cognitive‐based interventions are for Autistic individuals and those reporting higher Autistic traits.

Discussion

Future research in diagnosed autism samples is urgently needed to develop a more robust understanding of Autistic outcomes and experiences. Review findings demonstrate the need for increased understanding of ED presentations and the possible need for treatment adaptations, for Autistic people or those with higher Autistic traits.
Elevating the Field of Eating Disorders Through Scholarship and Thoughtfulness: Honoring the Legacy of Dr. Michael Strober
Authors: Bulik Cynthia M. , Barnhart Wesley R. , Feusner Jamie , Flatt Rachael E. , Munn‐Chernoff Melissa A. , Ortiz Shelby N. , Pisetsky Emily M. , Presskreischer Rachel , Thornton Laura M. , Yilmaz Zeynep
Published: November 2024

This Virtual Issue of the International Journal of Eating Disorders honors the legacy of the late Dr. Michael Strober in the eating disorders and child psychiatry fields. Having served as Editor‐in‐Chief of the International Journal of Eating Disorders from 1983 to 2012, Dr. Strober elevated the quality of science conducted in the eating disorders field. His frank feedback and encouraging words inspired many junior researchers to sharpen their work and to think deeply about their results. An incisive thinker, eloquent writer, and gifted clinician, Dr. Strober was a role model for psychologists in clinical leadership positions and demonstrated that it is indeed possible to be a highly effective all‐rounder. In this issue, we present an annotated selection of Dr. Strober's publications in the journal over the past decades to illustrate the evolution of his thinking and the seeds of what have become major directions in the field, including fear conditioning and genetics. By presenting this collection of his work, we encourage all investigators to read broadly and deeply and to identify and acknowledge those incisive scholars who have built the foundation upon which our work today stands.
Noninvasive Methods Unveil the Trophic Transmission of the Tapeworm Ligula intestinalis in Gull‐Billed Terns
Authors: Capasso Sofía , Parejo Manuel , Reyes‐González José Manuel , Navedo Juan G. , Morán‐López Ricardo , Masero José A. , Gutiérrez Jorge S.
Published: November 2024

Recent developments in microscopic and molecular tools have allowed the implementation of new approaches for assessing parasitic infections in wildlife populations. This is particularly important for the noninvasive detection and quantification of endoparasites in live animals. Here, we combined copromicroscopic (Mini‐FLOTAC) and molecular (qPCR) techniques to detect the infection of the macroparasite Ligula intestinalis (Cestoda, Pseudophyllidea) in fresh droppings of Gull‐billed Terns Gelochelidon nilotica (Charadriiformes, Laridae) breeding in southwestern Spain. Additionally, we sequenced the cytochrome b gene in parasite isolates from Gull‐billed Terns (definitive host) and Common Bleak Alburnus alburnus (second intermediate host) sampled around tern colonies to explore potential genetic differences between the isolates. The qPCR test showed a higher prevalence (18%; in 13/73 samples) than Mini‐FLOTAC (9%; in 8/88 samples), indicating that qPCR was more sensitive for diagnostic purposes than fecal flotation alone. Although the agreement between both techniques was substantial (84.2%) mainly due to the large number of uninfected samples, only Mini‐FLOTAC allowed us to quantify parasite shedding. When combining techniques, the prevalence of infection did not differ between adults and chicks, suggesting frequent trophic transmission from parents to their offspring via food provisioning. Phylogenetic analyses identified four haplotypes in the isolates from Gull‐billed Terns and Bleak, all of which were placed within a European clade composed of tapeworms recovered exclusively from phylogenetically derived cyprinid fish. This, combined with the short lifespan of mature tapeworms, suggests that Gull‐billed Terns became infected after consuming infected fish around their breeding colonies rather than on their West African wintering grounds. Altogether, our results represent the first record of L. intestinalis in Gull‐billed Terns and the first molecular characterization of the parasite in the Iberian Peninsula. This integrative coprodiagnostic protocol can be applied to other host–parasite systems, allowing researchers to study helminth infections in wild populations using a noninvasive approach.
Borole Ring Expansion Reactions with Boron Azides: A Versatile Pathway to Borylated Azaborinines
Authors: Lindl Felix , Thiess Torsten , Goettel James T. , Dotzauer Simon , Ernst Moritz Johannes , Bélanger‐Chabot Guillaume , Braunschweig Holger
Published: November 2024

The reaction of boroles with organic azides is known to straightforwardly yield 1,2‐azaborinines, which have generated significant interest as benzene bioisosteres. We show that this powerful synthetic pattern extends to a variety of structurally and chemically diverse boron azides, including recently reported diborane(4) azides. This provides a general, powerful borylation method to expand the chemistry of 1,2‐azaborinines.