bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A flow approach to the prescribed Gaussian curvature problem in ℍ𝑛+1
Authors: Li Haizhong , Zhang Ruijia
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we study the following prescribed Gaussian curvature problem:

K
=

f
~

⁢

(
θ
)

ϕ
⁢

(
ρ
)

α
−
2

⁢

ϕ
⁢

(
ρ
)

2

+

|

∇
¯

⁢
ρ

|

2

,

K=\frac{\tilde{f}(\theta)}{\phi(\rho)^{\alpha-2}\sqrt{\phi(\rho)^{2}+\lvert\overline{\nabla}\rho\rvert^{2}}},

a generalization of the Alexandrov problem (

α
=

n
+
1

\alpha=n+1

) in hyperbolic space, where

f
~

\tilde{f}

is a smooth positive function on

S
n

\mathbb{S}^{n}

, 𝜌 is the radial function of the hypersurface,

ϕ
⁢

(
ρ
)

=

sinh
⁡
ρ

\phi(\rho)=\sinh\rho

and 𝐾 is the Gauss curvature.
By a flow approach, we obtain the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the above equations when

α
≥

n
+
1

\alpha\geq n+1

.
Our argument provides a parabolic proof in smooth category for the Alexandrov problem in

H

n
+
1

\mathbb{H}^{n+1}

.
We also consider the cases

2
<
α
≤

n
+
1

2<\alpha\leq n+1

under the evenness assumption of

f
~

\tilde{f}

and prove the existence of solutions to the above equations.
Hodge theory on ALG∗ manifolds
Authors: Chen Gao , Viaclovsky Jeff , Zhang Ruobing
Published: May 2023

We develop a Fredholm theory for the Hodge Laplacian in weighted spaces on ALG∗ manifolds in dimension four.
We then give several applications of this theory.
First, we show the existence of harmonic functions with prescribed asymptotics at infinity.
A corollary of this is a non-existence result for ALG∗ manifolds with non-negative Ricci curvature having group

Γ
=

{
e
}

\Gamma=\{e\}

at infinity.
Next, we prove a Hodge decomposition for the first de Rham cohomology group of an ALG∗ manifold.
A corollary of this is vanishing of the first Betti number for any ALG∗ manifold with non-negative Ricci curvature.
Another application of our analysis is to determine the optimal order of ALG∗ gravitational instantons.
A modified Jerusalem inspired bandpass FSS for multiband applications based on concentric ring slots
Authors: Garg Joohi , Yadav Sanjeev , Sharma Mahendra Mohan
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the design of a multi-band planar bandpass Frequency Selective Surface with the novel rings and a modified Jerusalem cross integrated structure. To begin, the proposed FSS array geometry is defined by constructing a unit cell size of order of 0.57 λ
0 × 0.57 λ
0 where λ
0 represents free-space wavelength of the first resonant frequency of the FSS periodic structure using novel concentric rings, leading to low profile design. The array structure is fabricated on the substrate material FR4 with a permittivity of 4.4 and having a thickness of 0.8 mm. Combination of concentric rings and Jerusalem Integrated Structure is examined. Low-profile, simpler design, improved angular and polarization stability are all benefits of the proposed FSS. The proposed FSS structure is designed to obtain a stable frequency response over entire Ku band. The simulated and experimental results are measured in a free space measurement setup, which indicate resonances at 12.39 GHz, 14.63 GHz, 16.11 GHz and 17.82 GHz, exhibits supported band pass frequency ratio 1.43 for Ku band applications. The simulated, equivalent circuit model and experimental results showed that the experimental results agree well with the simulated results for both TE (Transverse Electric) mode and TM (Transverse Magnetic) mode of polarization.
Dental aesthetic related popularity and peer pressure, a survey of adolescents in Pakistan
Authors: Shahzad Hazik B. , Awais Faiza , Kazmi Farhat , Arshad Anas Imran , Manzar Saadia , Rashid Shahrayne , Zahra Sakeena , Ghafoor Mohammad Khan , Zahra Baneen , Khan Shaleezay Rashid , Amir W Ahmad Wan Muhamad
Published: May 2023

Objectives

Most research has focused on determining how popularity and peer pressure impact behaviours, rather than identifying a key feature such as dental aesthetics and studying its impacts in relation to popularity and peer pressure.

Methods

A cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 527 children from four schools located in Lahore, Pakistan. A 14-point questionnaire was developed, using existing measures of peer pressure, and popularity. The selected questions were modified to investigate the issues of dental aesthetics and integrated into the WHO oral health questionnaire for children.

Results

More than 50 % of the participants indicated popularity issues regarding dental aesthetics. 63.5 % of the responses indicated an influence of relatives and friends, whereas 38 % responses reported of harassment and bullying at schools. Regression analysis shows that the females were 1.99 times more likely to get comments from relative or friends about their teeth and 2.17 times more likely to be bullied or harassed at school due to their teeth when compared to the males. Fathers with a higher education brought about higher popularity and peer pressure issues. Mothers with a higher education were less likely to cause popularity and peer pressure issues than mothers with a lower education. Popularity and peer pressure were both significantly related to higher dental visitation.

Conclusions

Popularity and peer pressure have a direct link to dental aesthetics in an individual and are impacted by gender, family relatives and parental influences. The area of popularity and peer pressure related to dental aesthetics can be targeted in health education programs to empower children to adopt better oral health behaviours.
Predictive value of ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis of hypospadias: hints for accurate diagnosis
Authors: Uygur Lutfiye , Sivrikoz Tugba Sarac , Kalelioglu Ibrahim Halil , Has Recep , Isguder Cigdem Kunt , Oktar Tayfun , Basaran Seher , Yuksel Atil
Published: May 2023

Objectives

This study aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of targeted ultrasound examination in prenatal diagnosis of hypospadias and to evaluate the predictive values of defined ultrasonographic findings of hypospadias.

Methods

The cases diagnosed with hypospadias in our fetal medicine center were identified on an electronic database. The ultrasound reports, images and hospital records were reviewed retrospectively. The predictive value of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis and the predictive values of each sonographic finding were assessed according to the postnatal clinical examinations.

Results

Thirty-nine cases were diagnosed with hypospadias on ultrasound during the 6 years. Nine fetuses with missing postnatal examination records were excluded. Twentytwo of the remaining fetuses had their prenatal diagnosis of hypospadias confirmed in postnatal examinations, indicating a 73.3 % positive predictive value. Normal external genitalia was detected in postnatal examinations of three fetuses. Five fetuses were diagnosed with other external genital abnormalities, including micropenis (n=2), clitoromegaly (n=2), and buried penis with bifid scrotum (n=1) in postnatal examinations. The positive predictive value of prenatal ultrasound for any external genital abnormality was 90 %.

Conclusions

Although the positive predictive value of ultrasound for genital anomalies is satisfying, it is slightly lower for the specific diagnosis of hypospadias. This reflects overlapping ultrasound findings of different external genitalia anomalies. Standardized, systematic evaluation of the internal and external genital organs, karyotyping and genetic sex determination are essential to achieve a precise prenatal diagnosis of hypospadias.
Synthesis of Mn2+ modified CdS nanoparticles and its application as catalyst in photodegradation of methyl red dye
Authors:   Department of Electronics and communication Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Patna Campus, Patna-800014, India, Ranjan R. , Negi C. M. S. ,   Department of Physical Sciences,Banasthali Vidyapith-304022 (Rajasthan), India, Tiwary K. P. ,   Department of Physics, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Patna Campus, Patna-800014, India
Published: May 2023

Photocatalytic degradation of methyl red dye using Mn(5%) doped CdS nanoparticles was studied.Mn doped CdS nanoparticles was synthesized by microwave assisted solvo thermal method where the chemicals used wereCadmium Acetate [(CH3COO)2Cd, H2O], Manganese Chloride [MnCl2.2H2O] and Sodium Sulfide [Na2S.xH2O]. X-Ray diffraction(XRD) analysis was carried out in order to analyze the structural dimensions of the synthesized nanoparticles and the average crystallite size has been calculated at the full width half maximum (FWHM) of the diffraction peaks using Debye-Scherer equation and it was found to be around2.3nm. FTIR spectra analysis was done in order to analyze different functional and vibrational groups present in the as synthesized sample of Mn doped CdSnanoparticles.The morphology of sample wasstudied by scanning electron microscope. The aqueous solution of methyl red[C15H15N3O2] has been prepared and was mixed with the as synthesized Mn doped CdSnanoparticles and was exposed for photocatalytic degradation using 100 W bulb. UV-visible spectra of the light irradiated methyl red solutions were studied at different interval of time and no red shift was observed with increase of exposure time. The intensity of the absorption peak was also found to be reduced with the increasing time interval. The photo degradation of methyl red dye was observed up to 90% at the exposure time of 90 minutes.
Experimental investigation on ferrofluid properties of Cd doped Co-Zn ferrites
Authors:   Department of Physics, K.Ramakrishnan College of Engineering Trichy-621112, Tamilnadu, India, Manimegalai R. , Sendhilnathan S. ,   Professor, Department of Physics, University College of Engineering, Pattukkottai Campus, Rajamadam– 614701.Tamilnadu, India, Chithambaram V. ,   Department of Physics, Karpaga Vinayaga College of Engineering and Technology, Chengalpattu, Tamilnadu, India 603308, Kumar M. ,   Department of Chemistry, Kings Engineering college, Chennai
Published: May 2023

The Co-Zn ferrites 𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶0.5𝑍𝑍𝑍𝑍0.5𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝑥𝑥𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹(2−𝑥𝑥)𝑂𝑂4 (x-0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) were synthesized by CO-precipitation method. The dielectric and structural properties has been investigated by effect of Cd doping in Co-Zn spinel ferrites. Dielectric constants were studied dependence of the frequency and temperature thus revealed that the dielectric dispersion based on the MaxwellWagner method polarizations are agreed with Koop’s conceptualization theory. Further, dielectric properties were studies over a frequency range from 10 kHZ to 30 MHZ. The dielectric constant is varied from 2.4 to 8.4 for real parts and 0.008 to 0.42 for imaginary parts, respectively. The tangent loss also recorded as 0.003 to 0.052 at 1 MHZ due to Co ions concentrations. In high and low frequencies of grain and grain boundary contribution is an important evident for obtained dielectric constant. The obtained values of coercivity (Hc) for these ferrites range between 280.4 Oe to 1380.3 Oe, based on VSM data. By converting Zn2+ and Cd2+ to cobalt magnetic ions it is possible to convert the magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite into a potential individual for numerous technical uses. The dielectric loss at room temperature and at high frequencies is found to be quite negligible. It is also discovered that when Cd is substituted, the dielectric loss tangent reduces.
Anti–oxidant and anti-inflammation activities of nanostructured assemblies of silver sulfide nanoparticles using an extract of Cinnamomum tamala leaves
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, ITM University, Gwalior (M.P.), 474005, India, Upadhyay C. , Kothari R. ,   Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, ITM University, Gwalior (M.P.), 474005, India
Published: May 2023

Silver sulfide nanoparticles have gained applications in industrial areas due to their tunable physical, chemical, and biological properties. Among various nanoparticles silver sulfide nanoparticles have gained worldwide attention due to their assessment as an anti-microbial agent. The microstructure of nanostructured silver sulfide nanoparticles determine its electronic, structural, optical and electrical properties, and possible applications of silver sulfide nanoparticles in modern electronics, biology and medicine. The appearance of nonstoichiometry in silver sub-lattices of monoclinic silver sulfide at decreasing size particles to the nanometer scale is considered. The interdependent changes in non-stoichiometry and crystal structure at the transformation of a non- conducting nano crystalline silver sulfide in super-ionic conductors are also very important aspects in biosynthesis of Silver sulfide nanoparticles. The effect of nano crystalline state on the peculiarities of crystal structure, non-stoichiometry, optical and thermal properties of bio synthesized Silver sulfide nanoparticles are explained. Silver sulfide nanoparticle have provide a significant role in the biomedical field for various application- oriented products such as IR cameras, solar panels, optical fiber and filters. Among modern biomedical potential of silver sulfide nanoparticles tremendous interest is oriented towards the therapeutically enhanced personalized health care practices. The biosynthesized silver sulfide nanoparticle using aqueous extract of Cinnamomum leaves has been documented in our present research work. The presence of secondary metabolites like flavonoid, tannins, steroid, cardiac glycosides, and alkaloids was confirmed by phytochemical analyses of the aqueous extract of Cinnamomum tamala leaves and these secondary metabolites can be used as reducing stabilizing and capping agent. After three months, the biosynthesized Silver sulfide nanoparticles were found to be stable without the evidence of agglomeration at room temperature. Structural and morphological properties of Silver sulfide nanoparticles were analyzed by UV-VIS, FT-IR, XRD, EDX, TEM, and SEM spectroscopic techniques. The surface Plasmon resonance for Silver sulfide nanoparticles was obtained around 290nm. Biosynthesized Silver sulfide nanoparticles was spherical in shape with effective diameter size of 50nm.Our novel approach provides a promising and effective method to large scale synthesis of eco-friendly, and cost effective pharmacologically active silver sulfide nano particles.
El índice de antropización de la cubierta vegetal como medida de la antropización de áreas naturales protegidas. Caso: Pico Azul-La Escalera, México
Authors: Ramón Puebla Adonis Maikel , Manent Manuel Bollo
Published: May 2023

[Introduction]: Anthropization studies of protected natural areas are generally carried out using fauna studies, grids, and other indicators. [Objective]: To determine the degree of anthropization of a protected natural area using the vegetation cover anthropization index, which takes the physical-geographic landscape as the evaluation unit. [Methodology]: Anthropization was calculated using the vegetation cover anthropization index, which quantitatively and qualitatively evaluates the anthropic modification of the landscapes of a territory, taking as a case the natural protected area Pico Azul-La Escalera, with the support of physical-geographic landscapes, which allows establishing their differentiation in the territory. [Results]: Highly anthropized landscapes represent 2.45% of the territory, are the flattest, and show a predominance of anthropization by agricultural activities; landscapes categorized as anthropized occupy 22.36% of the territory, are related to low-sloping reliefs and optimal soils for agriculture; landscapes with a medium-level index rating cover 24.46% of the area and serve as a buffer zone between the most and least anthropized landscapes; landscapes showing low anthropization values represent 42.13% of the area, and unmodified landscapes represent 8.60% of the area and are the least accessible landscapes with steeper slopes and less fertile soils. [Conclusions]: This proposal is a reliable option for differentiating the degree of anthropization of landscapes and, in particular, for assessing the modification of vegetation cover in a protected natural area.
The Capital Structure Determinants on Banking Sector of Western Balkan Countries
Authors: Ahmeti Yllka , Kalimashi Albina , Ahmeti Ardi , Ahmeti Skender
Published: May 2023

The study examines the capital structure of the Western Balkan banking industry across the period 2015 - 2020. Forty-seven of the total Western Balkan-based commercial banks were included in the study. By constructing a balanced panel, this study uses pooled ordinary least squares fixed and random effects regressions to examine the relationship between bank book leverage as the dependent variable and bank-specific explanatory variables that include profitability, leverage ratio, bank size, earnings volatility, collateral, growth opportunities, and liquidity. These reports are examined using linear regression analysis. The study shows a significant positive relationship between profitability and book leverage for the period studied. In contrast, leverage ratio, earnings volatility, collateral, growth, and liquidity significantly negatively impact the book leverage of Western Balkan banks.
The findings have practical implications for bank executives. They will assist them in identifying the bank-specific factors that influence the capital structure and selecting values that promote optimal capital structure. The findings of this study can help regulators develop an effective prudential framework. This study opens up new avenues for further research in this area for academics, researchers, and analysts.
Publishing and Book Trade of the Dostoevskys
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Zavarkina Marina
Published: May 2023

The article examines the publishing business and book trade of F. M. and A. G. Dostoevsky. Anna Grigoryevna has begun to actively participate in her husband’s creative process as a stenographer and copyist since 1866, and in the publishing business — since 1873. The publishing business of the Dostoevsky family is considered in the article against the background of the publishing process of the 19th century, which consisted of the author’s prepress work on the text together with the editor, publisher, typographer, printing factor, metranpage, proofreader, censor. Anna Grigorievna worked on the proofs along with Dostoevsky. After the publication of the book or a magazine issue, the book trade began, which described in the memoirs of A. G. Dostoevskaya, her letters and notebooks, which contained systematic records related to the distribution of “A Writer’s Diary” and the sale of books. The names of publishers, booksellers and subscribers are regularly mentioned in F. M. Dostoevsky’s notebook of 1875–1876, as well as in A. G. Dostoevskaya’s notebooks of 1875–1884. However, there is no proper commentary in the scientific literature on many names, or, if present, it is not entirely accurate. The author of the article, in particular, found out which of the five Pechatkin brothers is mentioned in the notebooks of F. M. Dostoevsky and his wife, what are the booksellers from Kazan Dubrovina famous for, who distributed “A Writer’s Diary”, who is S. I. Litov and what led to the popularity of his bookstore in Kiev. This material will allow us to better imagine how publishing and book trade developed not only for Dostoevskys in particular, but also in the 19th century as a whole.
Characteristics of the first selective breeding generation of the antoninsko-zozulenets intrabreed type of Ukrainian carp breeds in 4th and 5th years of life
Authors:   Institute of Fisheries NAAS, Kyiv, Oborskyi V. , Kurinenko G. ,   Institute of Fisheries NAAS, Kyiv, Syrovatka D. ,   Institute of Fisheries NAAS, Kyiv, Hankevych B. ,   Institute of Fisheries NAAS, Kyiv
Published: May 2023

Purpose. To provide a comprehensive characterization of the first selective breeding generation of the Antoninsko-Zozulenets intrabreed type of Ukrainian carp breeds in the 4th and 5th years of life based on productive and biological parameters. Methodology. The material for the study were age-3+ and 4+ individuals of the Antoninsko-Zozulenets intrabreed type of carp. The main productive and biological parameters were studied during spring valuation and autumn harvest according to generally accepted methods in fish farming. The exterior assessment of the experimental groups was carried out for following parameters: weight, length, height and body girth. Measurements were made with a centimeter tape with an accuracy of 1 mm. Individual weighing was carried out on electronic commercial scales with an accuracy of 1 g. The main exterior indices were analyzed and determined based on the measurement results: girth index, body length to height ratio, head length to body length ratio. Findings. The conducted study showed that the yield from wintering was in the range of 91.31–92.25% for age-3, and 90.68–91.78% for age-4 fish. At the same time, weight loss was 6.43–7.65% in the third year of life and 5.74–7.46% in the fourth year of life. The survival rate of age-3+ fish was 95.3 - 96.6%, age-4+ 95.9 - 97.2%. The average weight of age-3+ framed and scaled carps was 3835.0±77.27 g and 3740.0±120.50 g, respectively. The weight gain during the season was 2.0 kg in scaled and 2.1 kg in framed carps. The average individual body weight of age-4+ fish was on average 5060.0±110.54 g for framed individuals and 4900.0±117.26 g for scaled ones. The weight gain of scaled Antoninsko-Zozulenets carp was 1.8 kg, framed carp - 1.9 kg. According to exterior parameters, age-3+ and age-4+ fish had higher values of the body length to height and condition factor, but were inferior in terms of the head length to body length ratio compared to their peers with the scaled cover. Originality. For the first time in the conditions of Ukraine, a comparative analysis of fish productive and biological parameters of the replacement brood stock of the first selective breeding generation of the Antoninsko-Zozulenets intrabreed type of the Ukrainian framed and scaled carp breed was carried out. Practical value. The use of brood fish of a new intrabreed type with defined features of the genotype will allow obtaining new promising lines for industrial cultivation at different levels of intensification of aquaculture and in different climatic zones as well as hybrids between geographically isolated populations. Key words: carp, selective breeding, intrabreed type, generation, exterior, weight, condition factor.
Effect of postpartum drenching on rumination time and reticuloruminal pH at a Hungarian dairy farm
Authors: Lénárt Lea , Horváth András , Kis Tamás , Buják Dávid , Szenci Ottó
Published: May 2023

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of drenching with a feed additive on rumination time (RT) and reticuloruminal pH post-partum at a Hungarian large-scale dairy farm. One hundred and sixty-one cows were fitted with a Ruminact© HR-Tag and from these 20 also received SmaXtec© ruminal boli approximately 5 days before calving. Drenching and control groups were established based on calving dates. Animals in the drenching group were dosed three times (Day 0/day of calving/, Day 1, and Day 2 after calving) using a feed additive containing calcium propionate, magnesium sulphate, yeast, potassium chloride and sodium chloride mixed in approximately 25 L of lukewarm water. RT before calving and sensitivity to subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) were considered in the final analysis. There was a significant decrease in RT in the drenched groups compared to the controls after drenching. Reticuloruminal pH was significantly higher and time below reticuloruminal pH 5.8 remained significantly lower in SARA-tolerant drenched animals on the days of the first and the second drenchings. Drenching temporarily decreased RT in both drenched groups compared to controls. The feed additive had a positive effect on reticuloruminal pH and time below reticuloruminal pH 5.8 in tolerant drenched animals.
Comparison: A Critical Primer
Authors: Hughes Aaron W.
Published: May 2023

Comparison is held to be one of the central methods of the academic study of religion. While many ostensibly engage in the comparative act, often overlooked is what it actually means to do this. What is comparison? Why engage in it and for what purposes? Can there be such a thing as a valid or invalid comparison? This book starts with the premise that while there are good comparisons and bad comparisons, what is common to both is the sheer artificiality of the enterprise. It then develops an analytical framework for using the method in the context of religious studies. After briefly tracing the history and genealogy of the category, Hughes draws on his extensive work in Judaism and Islam to argue that comparison can be a useful method, but only under strictly controlled conditions.
Eutanasia, objeción de conciencia y aplicaciones tecnológicas
Authors: Valdivia-Jiménez Ramón-Darío
Published: May 2023

La creciente aceptación social de la eutanasia contrasta con la opinión de la profesión médica que, aunque goce de ciertas garantías en la LORE, puede ver alterado su código deontológico si el Sistema Nacional de Salud transforma la relación humana entre médicopaciente por una relación, cada vez más expansiva, de tipo tecnológico.

La complejidad de la valoración del contexto eutanásico y la fuerte animadversión de la profesión médica a la aplicación de la eutanasia no pueden servir de criterio para fomentar la robotización de una sanidad, que tiene como principios el respeto de la vida humana, la dignidad de la persona y el cuidado de la salud del individuo y de la comunidad.

Este trabajo presenta un análisis crítico con la hipótesis de la aplicación de nuevas tecnologías que pudieran suplantar la objeción de conciencia individual y de la profesión médica respecto a la eutanasia.
Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by HMGB1 through inhibition of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway promotes bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis after acute lung injury in rats
Authors: Huang Ying , Wang Aili , Jin Sheng , Liu Fang , Xu Fang
Published: May 2023

Objective: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common complication of critical diseases with high morbidity and mortality. This study explored the regulatory role and mechanism of high mobility histone box 1 protein (HMGB1) on pulmonary fibrosis (PF) after ALI in rats through nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome.
Methods: PF rat models after ALI were established by induction of bleomycin. Degree of fibro-sis was assessed by Masson staining and Ashcroft scoring. Hydroxyproline (Hyp) contents in lung tissues and rat lung tissue morphology were detected by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay (ELISA) and hematoxylin and eosin staining. The levels of NLRP3, major proteins of NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1), and downstream inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-18 were determined using immunohistochemistry, Western blotting analysis, and ELISA. The nuclear/cytoplasmic nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) levels and HO-1 levels were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting analysis. Rats was injected with lentivirus carrying short hairpin (sh)-HMGB1 and zinc protoporphyria (ZNPP) (HO-1 inhibitor) to assess the effects of HMGB1 and HO-1 on PF and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
Results: Bleomycin induced PF after ALI in rats, manifested as patchy fibrosis, atelectasis, and excessive expansion, and increased Aschcroft score and Hyp content. Bleomycin treatment enhanced levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, IL-1, and IL-18 in rat lung tissues, which promoted activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. HMGB1 was up-regulated in bleomycin-induced rats. HMGB1 knockdown partially reversed NLRP3 inflammasome activation and PF progression. HMGB1 knockdown promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation and up-regulated HO-1. Suppression of HO-1 partially reversed inhibition of HMGB1 knockdown on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and PF.
Conclusion: HMGB1 can activate NLRP3 inflammasomes and promote PF by inhibiting the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
Hyperthyroidism in a 15-year-old adolescent treated with Dupilumab for severe allergic asthma and atopic dermatitis
Authors: Tosca Maria Angela , Olcese Roberta , Girosi Donata , Casalini Emilio , Scaglione Marco , Ciprandi Giorgio
Published: May 2023

Dupilumab is a biologic, acting on IL-4 and IL-13 pathways. Dupilumab has a pediatric indication for treating severe asthma and atopic dermatitis. We report a pediatric case concerning paucisymptomatic, transient, and self-resolving hyperthyroidism. The updated literature includes the case of an adult patient who reported with hyperthyroidism, which was transient and self-resolving. Despite that these cases were transient and self-resolving, we would suggest that thyroid function assessment could be included in the follow-up of patients treated with Dupilumab. Dupilumab discontinuation is not required pending endocrinological assessment, mainly if there is an optimal clinical response to the biologic.
Evaluation of pediatric patients with suspected polyethylene glycol and polysorbate allergy before mRNA SARS-CoV2 vaccination
Authors: Gemici Karaaslan Betul , Bertecene Nihan , Mustu Ulviye , Ocak Suheyla , Kasapcopur Ozgur , Kıykım Ayca , Cokugras Haluk
Published: May 2023

mRNA vaccines, particularly, have been associated with an increased risk of allergic reactions and rarely anaphylaxis. Although rare, vaccine reactions can cause significant anxiety and fear in the population, leading to indecision and vaccine refusal. This study aimed to retrospec-tively evaluate the role of polyethylene glycol (PEG) sensitivity in vaccination decision-making in pediatric patients at high risk of allergy or with suspected allergic reactions to the first dose of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) vaccine. Seventeen enrolled patients were found to have decreased readiness to receive the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine after developing hypersensitivity to multiple and/or injectable drugs. Skin testing was performed. A basophil activation test with PEG-2000 and 4000 was performed on three patients who were ineligible for skin prick tests. Nine patients with nega-tive tests received the vaccine without complications. One patient had urticarial angioedema despite negative tests. Three patients with positive tests did not agree to desensitization with the mRNA vaccine, and one of them was vaccinated with the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. Four patients recurred despite negative tests. The general recommendation for patients describing severe reactions to drugs, foods, and allergens, such as toxins that do not contain the adjuvants of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, is to be routinely vaccinated with safety precautions. Excipients such as PEG and polysorbate-80 used in COVID-19 vaccines could be potential allergens, but this hypothesis is unclear. The predictive values of these adjuvants for skin testing and in vitro testing are controversial. Further research is needed on the hypersensitivity reactions of adjuvants, the predictive values of skin tests, and etiopathogenesis.
Aeroallergen sensitization in school-age children with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Cigerci Gunaydin Nursen , Tanc Ceren , Tanburoglu Celiker Ezgi , Guler Kacmaz Sule , Samanci Nedim , Nalbantoglu Aysin , Nalbantoglu Burcin
Published: May 2023

Background: Pandemic period may affect aeroallergen sensitization.
Objective: The study aimed to investigate changes in allergen sensitivities of skin prick test (SPT) in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) during pandemic and to evaluate relationship with disease severity.
Methods: In all, 164 AR patients with or without asthma, aged 6–17 years, who have undergone SPTs prior to the pandemic and after October 1, 2021 (18th month of the pandemic), were evaluated retrospectively. The wheal size of allergens in performed SPTs during and prior to the pandemic were compared. Detected changes in allergen sensitivities via SPT results were compared with changes in the disease severity parameters (AR severity, asthma severity, and the number of asthma exacerbations per year), frequency of upper respiratory tract infections and antibiotic use, laboratory parameters, demographic characteristics, and visual analogue scores (VAS).
Results: House dust mites (HDMs), cat, pollen, Artemisia, and Cupressus sensitization increased in AR patients during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. HDM, mold, and pollen wheal diameters increased in SPTs. Proportion of polysensitization increased during the pandemic, compared to pre-pandemic period (9.1% vs 3%; P < 0.001), and number of non-sensitized patients decreased during the pandemic period compared to the pre-pandemic period (7.9% vs 22.6%; P < 0.001). An increase in HDM sensitivity in SPTs was correlated with VAS for nasal blockage, and an increase in cat sensitivity was correlated with VAS for all nasal symptoms.
Conclusion: We believe that inhalant allergen sensitization might have been affected by the lifestyle changes of patients during the pandemic. Hence, it is important to evaluate patients for allergen sensitization, especially patients with moderate/severe AR, to revise disease control measurements.
Identifying the effect of aromatic compounds on the combustion characteristics of crude coconut oil droplet
Authors: Riupassa Helen , Suyatno Suyatno , Nanlohy Hendry Yoshua
Published: May 2023

For now, energy sources uses are still dominated by fossil fuels, whose availability is limited and continues to decline. Therefore, new alternative energy is needed to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Crude vegetable oil is one alternative energy source that can be utilized as a substitute for fossil fuels because vegetable oil has a composition almost similar to fossil fuel. Crude coconut oil is an alternative to biodiesel to reduce dependency on fossil fuels. The combustion reaction of crude coconut oil is tricky because it has bonds saturated chain, so a substance is needed to weaken the carbon chain to increase the burning rate. The burning rate of coconut oil droplets has been investigated experimentally by adding clove oil and eucalyptus oil bio-additives. Tests were carried out with single droplets suspended on a thermocouple at atmospheric pressure and room temperature and ignited with a hot wire. The addition of clove oil and eucalyptus oil as bio-additives in crude coconut oil was 100 ppm and 300 ppm, respectively. The suspended droplet combustion method was chosen to increase the contact area between the air and fuel so that the reactivity of the fuel molecules increases. The results showed that the eugenol compounds in clove oil and cineol compounds in eucalyptus oil were both aromatic and had an unsymmetrical carbon chain geometry structure. Therefore, this factor has the potential to accelerate the occurrence of effective collisions between fuel molecules; thus, the fuel is flammable, as evidenced by the increased burning rate. Moreover, from the observations, it was found that the highest burning rate was achieved in both bio-additives with a concentration of 300 ppm
Development of a method for determining the position of an object using a typical form of its image
Authors: Khlamov Sergii , Savanevych Vadym , Briukhovetskyi Oleksandr , Vlasenko Vladimir , Trunova Tetiana , Shvedun Viktoriia , Hren Larysa , Tabakova Iryna
Published: May 2023

Violating the observation conditions for the investigated objects leads to the formation of diverse typical forms of objects throughout the frame in the series. As a consequence, determining the exact position of the object on the frame becomes difficult. To this end, a method was devised to determine the position of an object using the typical form of its image on a series of frames.
This method is based on the formation of a typical form of a digital image of an object based on data from all frames of the series. This makes it possible to take into account the peculiarities of the very formation of the digital image of an object on each frame of the original series. Based on this, a more accurate assessment of the initial approximation of the parameters of all Gaussians of the object's image is performed. Adapting the method specifically for the typical form allows for a more accurate assessment of the positional parameters (coordinates) of the object in comparison with the analytically set profile. The estimation of the position of an object was obtained using the method of least squares. After that, minimization was performed using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. Also, the use of the method makes it possible to improve identification with reference objects and reduce the number of false detections. The study showed a reduction in the standard deviation of frame identification errors by 7–10 times when using a typical digital image shape.
The method devised for determining the position of an object using the typical form of its image was tested in practice within the framework of the CoLiTec project. It was implemented in the intraframe processing unit of the Lemur software to automatically detect new objects and track known ones. Owing to the use of Lemur software and the proposed computational method implemented in it, more than 700,000 measurements of various objects under study were successfully processed and identified
Devising an approach to assessing the durability of bus body on a frame chassis
Authors: Ruban Dmytro , Kraynyk Lubomyr , Ruban Hanna , Zakharova Maria , Metelap Volodymyr , Khotunov Vladyslav , Mykhaylyuta Sergiy
Published: May 2023

The object of this study is the processes and permissible limits of aging of bus bodies on the frame chassis during operation.
As a result of research by simulation method, the durability of the bus on the frame chassis, was determined, which is in the range from 5 to 11 years depending on the operating conditions. The study took into account the following factors: passenger occupancy, microprofile of the road, bus speed, corrosion. The durability of the bus depends primarily on the durability of the frame and body frame. Since the frame is made of alloy steels and heat-treated, it is not repaired but replaced with a new one when cracks in the frame are formed.
When determining the durability of the bus on the frame chassis, it was found that the frame has 1.5–1.8 times greater durability than the body frame itself. This is because the frame is made of alloyed materials and has an open structure. The body frame has closed cavities, which provoke the development of corrosion with the accumulation of moisture in them.
A feature of the results is that previous studies considered buses only with a load-bearing body structure.
The issue of durability of bodies on the frame chassis has been considered. As experience shows, the durability of bus bodies on a frame chassis depends on many operational factors. For operating organizations and manufacturing plants, it is important to provide for the durability of the bus depending on the operating conditions.
The results of this study will allow operating organizations to provide for scheduled repairs, as well as take measures to increase the service life of buses during operation. For manufacturing plants, the findings will make it possible to apply rational technologies and materials to form the service life of the bus body.
Assessment of relationships between smart technologies, corporate sustainability, and economic behavior of companies
Authors: Popova Olga , Chechel Anna , Fomina Olena , Myroshnychenko Ganna , Medvedieva Maryna , Hoholieva Nataliia , Tomashevska Olena , Chernyshov Oleksandr , Nesterov Yury , Molodchenko Oleksandr
Published: May 2023

The object of this study is the economic behavior of companies. The study solved the problem of conceptualizing the economic behavior of companies, taking into account the need to adhere to the goals of sustainable development and the use of smart technologies. It has been established that to assess the level of sustainable development of companies, economic, environmental, social, and managerial criteria based on corporate social responsibility are used. It is determined that smart technologies are associated with the introduction into production of cyber-physical systems integrating information and communication technologies into physical processes. To expand the possibilities of assessing the use of smart technologies, it is proposed to collect data on the expenditure of companies for a particular technology and the amount of revenue generated using this technology. The structural model for measuring the relationships between the use of smart technologies, sustainable development, and the economic behavior of companies was calculated using the PLS-SEM method. It has been established that currently, in fact, an increase in the burden on the environment, extensive use of resources for the countries of the European Union and Ukraine activates the economic behavior of companies because the coefficient of the path for load indicators is 0.916. At the same time, increasing the use of smart technologies by 1 will increase economic development indicators by only 0.104. This indicates a lesser power of the link between economic behavior and the use of smart technologies. However, the statistical significance and positive direction of the relationship between economic behavior and the use of smart technologies gives reason to recommend that the management of industrial companies pay special attention to the development of the integration of smart technologies into business processes.
Development of directions for improving the monitoring of the state economic security under conditions of global instability
Authors: Poltorak Anastasiia , Volosyuk Yuriy , Tyshchenko Svitlana , Khrystenko Olha , Rybachuk Volodymyr
Published: May 2023

The long-term pressure of the COVID-19 pandemic and hostilities in Ukraine have caused catastrophic consequences in all sectors of life, which negatively affect the overall level of economic security of the state. In these circumstances, the task to adjust the mechanisms for assessing the state of economic security, taking into account existing non-standard challenges, is urgent. The object of this study is the processes of transformation of mechanisms for monitoring the state of economic security of the state under conditions of global instability.
The conceptual foundations for monitoring the state of economic security  of the state have been deepened and, taking into account the results of the expert assessment, the directions of its modification have been proposed for practical application. The need to revise the weighting values of indicators of the state of economic security, taking into account the principle of "critical" link, has been determined. The need to update the list of indicators of the state of economic security, taking into account structural changes in the state economy, was emphasized.  It is recommended to use the multiplicative form of the integral indicator of the state of economic security instead of the additive one, as well as the method of the reference coefficient instead of the normalization method relative to the scope of variation.
The state of economic security in the context of its structural parts is comprehensively assessed. The existing trends of deterioration of the state of demographic, investment-innovative, macroeconomic subsystems, which should be considered as sources of "weak link", have been registered. The decrease in the level of economic security from 52 % in 2007 to 47 % in 2021 has been proved.
The practical use of the scientific results reported here could contribute to improving the effectiveness of management decisions aimed at strengthening the system of economic security of the state under modern conditions of global instability.
Development of a method of complex analysis and multidimensional forecasting of the state of intelligence objects
Authors: Nechyporuk Olena , Sova Oleg , Shyshatskyi Andrii , Kravchenko Serhii , Nalapko Oleksii , Shknai Oleh , Klimovych Serhii , Kravchenko Olha , Kovbasiuk Oleksandr , Bychkov Anton
Published: May 2023

A method of complex analysis and multidimensional forecasting of the state of intelligence objects is proposed to increase the accuracy of their state assessment. The object of research is decision support systems. The subject of research is the process of decision-making in management problems using artificial intelligence methods. The hypothesis of research is to increase the efficiency of decision-making with a given assessment reliability. The proposed method is based on a combination of fuzzy cognitive and temporal models, an advanced cat swarm optimization algorithm and evolving artificial neural networks. The method has the following sequence of actions:
‒ input of initial data;
‒ processing of initial data taking into account uncertainty about the state of heterogeneous intelligence objects;
‒ construction of a fuzzy temporal ontological model of heterogeneous intelligence objects;
‒ conclusion on the state of heterogeneous intelligence objects;
‒ correction of the fuzzy temporal ontological model;
‒ building a fuzzy relational temporal cognitive model of heterogeneous intelligence objects and forecasting the state of the intelligence object;
‒ training knowledge bases on heterogeneous intelligence objects.
The training procedure consists in learning the synaptic weights of the artificial neural network, the type and parameters of the membership function, as well as the architecture of individual elements and the architecture of the artificial neural network as a whole. The method makes it possible to increase the efficiency of data processing at the level of 18–25 % by using additional improved procedures. The proposed method should be used to solve the problems of evaluating complex and dynamic heterogeneous intelligence objects, characterized by a high degree of complexity.
Development of a model of information process management in the information and educational environment of preschool education organizations
Authors: Aitymova Aliya , Iklassova Kainizhamal , Abildinova Gulmira , Shaporeva Anna , Kopnova Oxana , Kushumbayev Agibay , Smolyaninova Svetlana , Aitymov Zhanat , Karymsakova Anara
Published: May 2023

One of the important elements of the information infrastructure of educational institutions is the information and educational environment. The information and educational environment of preschool education organizations has its own characteristics, which must be taken into account when building a model for managing information processes.
The object of study in this work is the information and educational environment for preschool education organizations. The problem to be solved is the need to develop a model for managing data and information processes, which will allow determining the learning outcomes of preschoolers and adjusting individual work with them.
The introduction of the developed model allowed to reduce the time spent on adjusting individual work with students by 30 %. These results are explained by the optimization of information processes, as well as improved monitoring of the formation of skills of preschoolers and a reduction in the time for its implementation. When monitoring for each child, 211 indicators are examined. There are 633 indicators per year for three monitoring, in aggregate, per one child. By default, the data is entered into Microsoft Excel and processed manually. However, a large number of entries slows down the processing of Microsoft Excel data and increases the chance of errors. The use of this model will make it possible to carry out calculations automatically, save data and generate reports for each child or group of children.
The developed model can be used in information and educational environments for preschool education organizations in order to improve the efficiency of monitoring and managing educational processes