bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Az új muzeológia megjelenése a budapesti múzeumokban
Authors: Bodnár Dorottya , Jászberényi Melinda , Ásványi Katalin
Published: February 2022

A tanulmány egy 2016-os kutatás eredményeit foglalja össze, ami 15 különböző méretű budapesti mú­zeum és kiállítóhely bevonásával készült. A kutatás többek között a múzeumok vezetőivel lefolytatott mélyinterjúkat és az intézmények kiállításainak megfigyelését foglalja magában. A kutatás aspektusai közé tartoznak a célcsoportok, az interpretációs módszerek, az interaktivitás, a marketing, az önkéntesek bevonása stb. Az eredmények alapján feltételezhető, hogy a látogatókat befolyásoló négy legfontosabb faktor a következő: központi elhelyezkedés, a múzeum történelmi épülete, a bemutatott téma általános jellege, valamint az interaktivitás szintje. Az eredmények elemzése az új muzeológia keretrendszerét vette alapul, egy olyan új paradigmáét, aminek a szempontjait a múzeumok üzemeltetése és fejlesztése kap­csán minden vezetőnek figyelembe kellene vennie. A múzeumok felelősek a társadalom érzékenyítéséért a falaik között tárgyalt jelentőségteljes témák és az ott tárolt örökség értékét illetően. Amennyiben nem fogadják el a fiatal generációk igényeihez és a XXI. század felgyorsult élettempójához igazodó szemlé­letmódot, úgy nem lesznek képesek a fenntartható működéshez és a céljaik eléréséhez megfelelő számú (bevételt generáló) látogatót vonzani.
A turizmus láthatatlanságának paradoxona: kommunikációs kihívások
Authors: Bódis Gábor
Published: February 2022

A terület komplexitásából adódóan már a turizmus fogalmának meghatározása, modellezése is akkor jár­hat sikerrel, ha azt több nézőpontból közelítjük meg. Különösen igaz ez a láthatatlan, vagy rejtett, kevéssé mérhető jelenségekre, amelyek egy-egy turisztikai desztinációban tapasztalhatók. Jelen kutatás célja an­nak megértése, hogy mennyiben képes egy turisztikai fogadóterület a kommunikáció eszközeit használva felfedni ezeket. A turizmus téma-specifikus leszűkítésétől indulva, egy egyszerűbb és egy kiterjesztett szálon, párhuzamosan építkezik a tanulmány. Számos módszer tesz kísérletet a láthatatlan turizmus ha nem is teljes körű, de legalább részleges mérésére, ahogyan többek között az itt közölt esettanulmány.
A borturizmus múltja, jelene és jövője az Etyek-Budai borvidéken
Authors: Mikházi Zsuzsanna , Sallay Ágnes , Máté Klaudia , Csemez Attila
Published: February 2022

A turizmus és a táj kapcsolatának vizsgálata tapasztalataink szerint nem gyakori kutatási téma, pedig a turisztikai kínálat kialakítása során alapvetően fontos lenne. A táj és a benne élő emberek történelmi, társadalmi, gazdasági változásainak lenyomatai mára turisztikai attrakciókká váltak. Így kialakulásuk, fejlődésük megismerése a turisztikai tervezés-fejlesztés során szükségszerű.

Az Etyek-Budai borvidék története mind turisztikai, mind tájtörténeti szempontból különleges. Egy olyan történeti borvidékről van szó, amely már a középkorban is létezett, szerepel a XIX. századi első és a filoxéra vészt követő második borvidék-összeírásban is, és amely a XX. század elejére szinte teljesen megszűnt, mivel a szőlőbirtokok eltűntek. Most mégis virágzik a borturizmus a termőhelyi sajátosságok­nak és a kiemelkedő pincészeteknek köszönhetően. Bár a felmérések szerint kedveltsége és ismertsége még jelentősen elmarad a „nagyoktól”, helyzeti energiái (jó megközelíthetőség, a főváros közelsége) és a táji/ történeti gyökerekre építő fejlesztések és marketing eredményeként mégis kiemelkedő sikereket ért el az elmúlt 15 évben.
Frequency of hyperglycemia and polymorphism of TNF and TP53 genes in patients with acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer
Authors: Grigor’eva I. N. , Efimova O. V. , Gurazheva A. A. , Maksimov V. N.
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: «The vicious circle» of associations of diabetes mellitus (DM) with pancreatic pathology, when pancreatic diseases can initiate DM, and type 2 DM — cause functional and organic pancreatic pathology, determines the search for possible associations. Some studies have established a relationship between TNF or TP53 polymorphisms with DM or with pancreatic diseases.AIMS: to determine and compare fasting plasma glucose and the frequency of hyperglycemia in patients with acute pancreatitis (APp), chronic pancreatitis (CPp), pancreatic cancer (PCp) depending on gender, etiology or stage of the disease, polymorphism -308G/A TNF gene in all patients, and polymorphism 72Arg/Pro gene TP53 in PCp..MATERIALS AND METHODS: At the observational multicenter clinical cross-sectional uncontrolled case-study 44 APp, 97 CPp and 45 PCp were examined; the groups were comparable by sex/age. Informed consent form for participate in the study was obtained from all patients. The main outcome of the study: frequency of hyperglycemia in APp, CPp, PCp, considering the polymorphism TNF and TP53 genes. RESULTS: The lowest age-standardized fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was found in CPp (6,2±0,2 mmol/l) than in APp (6,7±0,2 mmol/l, p=0,041). In PCp (6,6±0,2 mmol/l), the average levels of FPG did not differ substantially when compared with APp (p=0,749) or CPp (p=0,092). In APp, the norm of GP was detected less frequently (31,8%) than in CPp (54,6%, χ2 =6,3, p=0,012), and the frequency of the norm of GP in PCp (48,9%) did not differ with that in APp or CPp. The frequency of FPG≥6,1<7,0 mmol/l did not differ in APp (20,5%), CPp (9,3%) or PCp (17,8%). The frequency of FGP≥7.0 mmol/l did not differ in APp CPp and PCp: 47,7, 36,1, 33,3%. Logistic regression analysis revealed a tendency for an increased chance of having stage 3–4 PC with FPG≥7,0 mmol/l (Exp (B)=3,205 95%CI 0,866–11,855, p=0,081) in PCp, but not in patients with pancreatic necrosis or “definite» СP.The frequencies of G/G (71,4, 74,7, 76,2%), G/A (26,2, 24,1, 23,8%) of TNF genotypes did not differ in APp, CPp or PCp, p>0,05. In PCp genotypes Arg/Arg, Arg/Pro, Pro/Pro polymorphism gene 72Arg/Pro TP53 in 2,4, 35,7, 61,9% of cases. No associations of GP≥7,0 mmol/l with TNF polymorphism in APp, CPp, PCp and with TP53 polymorphism in PCp were obtained.CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of FGP≥7,0 mmol/l did not differ for various pancreatic disease and was not associated with the risk of pancreatic necrosis and “defined” CP. The -308G/A polymorphism TNF gene did not differ in APp, CPp or PCp and was not associated with impaired carbohydrate metabolism. The 72Arg/Pro polymorphism TP53 gene in PCp was not associated with impaired carbohydrate metabolism.
Plantar pressure distribution profile of type 2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic foot syndrome: A hospital-based observational study
Authors: Korada H. Ya. , Arora E. , Rao Sh. K. , Hande M. , Shetty S. , Maiya A. G.
Published: February 2022

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of diabetic foot syndrome is increasing in the Indian population. It is a triad of neurological, vascular, and biomechanical changes due to long term diabetes mellitus (DM). Altered plantar pressure distribution is a risk factor for developing diabetic foot ulcers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the altered plantar pressure distribution in diabetic peripheral neuropathy individuals with peripheral vascular disease in comparison with diabetic peripheral neuropathy and non-diabetic neuropathy. Therefore, the objective of the study is to evaluate the plantar pressure distribution and parameters in type 2 DM (T2DM) with diabetic foot syndrome.METHODS: In this study, 60 participants with T2DM were recruited in either one of the three groups: 20 Diabetic non-neuropathy (DNN), 20 Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and 20 Diabetic peripheral neuropathy with the peripheral arterial disease (DNPAD). Then we compared the plantar pressure parameters like maximum plantar pressure, pressure-time integral, fore foot-hind foot ratio, and total contact area were measured using a WinTrack plantar pressure system.RESULTS: The diabetic peripheral neuropathy with peripheral vascular disease group shown a significant difference in all the  plantar pressure parameters measured in comparison with the diabetic peripheral neuropathy group. There was increased Maximum plantar pressure, pressure-time integral and forefoot hindfoot ratio, and reduced total contact area of the foot (p < 0.05).CONCLUSION: For patients, with combined peripheral neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease have increased plantar pressure distribution, are at higher risks of developing neuro-ischemic foot, which further leads to diabetic foot ulcers.
Role of Genetic and Environmental Factors in Determining the Response to Metformin
Authors: Kucher А. N. , Babushkina N. P.
Published: February 2022

Metformin is one of the most commonly prescribed drugs for the treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Numerous evidence accumulates indicating that both genetic and environmental factors underlie adverse side effects of metformin, as well as individual differences in patient response to treatment The present review summarizes information on genetic factors and environmental modifiers determining patients’ individual response to metformin treatment. The data on the role of polymorphism of the most significant genes and protein products encoded by them both in the development of adverse effects and in determining the therapeutic response are summarized, and the place of metformin in the realization of the phenotypic effects of these genes is discussed.Endogenous conditions and exogenous effects modifying the response to metformin are considered. Among them are factors that affect the functional state of the genome (the level of methylation of genes, one way or another associated with the response to metformin, etc.), reflecting the biological characteristics of the organism (gender, age), health level (the presence of concomitant diseases, the supply of biometals and vitamins), taking other medications, etc. Thus, there is a wide range of factors modifying the response to metformin, which, unlike genetic characteristics, are largely controllable. At the same time, both genetic and environmental factors may differ in significance in different ethno-territorial groups of the population. This information should be taken into account when developing a personalized approach to prescribing metformin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, as well as when recommending its use for the treatment of other diseases.
Assessment of the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients with gout based on the FINDRISС scale
Authors: Zhelyabina O. V. , Eliseev M. S. , Chikina M. N. , Panevin T. S.
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Gout is associated with a high incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).AIM: To calculate the risk of T2DM on the FINDRISС scale, to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the scale in patients with gout based on the results of prospective follow-up.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective single-center study included 444 patients with gout over 18 years of age (49 women, 395 men) without diabetes. The duration of follow-up ranged from 2 to 8 years. Initially, the risk of developing diabetes mellitus 2 was calculated according to the Russian version of the FINDRISС scale. The risk of developing T2DM was assessed as «low» with a total score (CC) <7 points, slightly increased — from 7 to 11 points, moderate — from 12 to 14 points, high — from 15 to 20 points, and very high — ≥20 points. To assess the validity of using the FINDRISС scale, an analysis of sensitivity, specificity, construction of the ROC curve with the determination of the area under the curve was carried out. The presence and number of subcutaneous tophi, the number of arthritis attacks over the last year, the number of affected joints during the illness, serum levels of creatinine, uric acid, hs-CRP, glycated hemoglobin were determined.RESULTS: Over 5.66 [2.69; 7.64] years of follow-up, T2DM developed in 108 patients (24.3%). On the FINDRISС scale, low risk was found in 16 (4%), slightly increased in 187 (42%), moderate in 98 (22%), high in 80 (18%), very high in 63 (14%). The most common risk factors (RF) for T2DM included in FINDRISС were BMI> 25 kg / m2  — 85.6% of patients, taking antihypertensive drugs — 81.3% of patients, age over 45 years in 70.5% of patients. The sensitivity and specificity of the FINDRISС scale were 52.8% and 66.3%, respectively. According to these data, the quality of the model was assessed as moderate. 9% vs 31.1% (p = 0.014)), serum MK level ≤300 μmol / L. Developed type 2 diabetes 33.3% of patients with moderate / high / very high risk 18.1% of patients with low or slightly increased risk (p = 0.0002).CONCLUSION: The FINDRISС scale can have sufficient sensitivity (52.8%) and specificity (66.3%) and can be used to calculate the risk of T2DM in patients with gout.
Carbohydrate metabolism in children after complex treatment of medulloblastoma
Authors: Kalinin A. L. , Strebkova N. A. , Zheludkova O. G. , Kareva M. A. , Mazerkina N. A. , Bezlepkina O. B.
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND: Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism are frequent complications after complex treatment of cancer. Early detection of these disorders allows to modify lifestyle, if necessary, apply drug therapy and correct the identified changes in time, which will subsequently lead to a decrease in cardiovascular risks, an improvement in the quality and an increase in the life expectancy of this group of patients.AIM: To identify the frequency of occurrence and determine the optimal methods for early diagnosis of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in children after complex treatment of medulloblastoma.MATERIALS AND METHODS: 97 patients (64 boys) were examined after complex treatment of medulloblastoma (surgical treatment, craniospinal radiation therapy [CSI], chemotherapy). The median age at the time of the survey was 11.2  (5.29 -17.9) years. The average follow-up period after the end of all types of treatment is 4.7 (0.59 - 11.94) years. At the time of examination, all patients were compensated for hypothyroidism and hypocorticism (if any), and no one was on growth hormone therapy. All patients underwent a standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and determination of the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).RESULTS: None of the patients had a basal glycemic level higher than 5.5 mmol / L. Impaired glucose tolerance ( glycemia at the 120th minute ≥7.8 mmol / L <11.09 mmol / L) was detected in 10 out of 97 patients (10.3%). 7 patients with IGT had insulin resistance (according to MATSUDA index), while 1 of them had normal HOMA-IR index. Only one patient with IGT had an increase in the level of glycated hemoglobin up to 6.2%. Insulin resistance (using the MATSUDA index) was present in 30 patients, and 11 of them had a normal HOMA-IR index. Thus, 34 out of 97 patients (35.1%) had disorders of carbohydrate metabolism (IGT and / or insulin resistance). At the same time, the level of glycated hemoglobin reflected disturbances in only one case, and the basal level of glycemia was not informative in any case.CONCLUSION: Assessment of basal levels of glycemia and insulin, as well as glycated hemoglobin, is insufficient to exclude disorders of carbohydrate metabolism in patients after complex treatment of medulloblastoma. It is advisable to carry out a standard OGTT.
Processos de inclusão de crianças e jovens com e sem deficiência em práticas artísticas.
Authors: Lins Batista Sabrina , Andrade de Freitas Martins Denise , Silva Rocha Pâmela
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo é fruto do projeto de pesquisa desenvolvido em 2019 denominado “Práticas artísticas e musicais com crianças e jovens com deficiência: Inclusão ou interação? ” Em Ituiutaba-MG. O objetivo foi identificar se práticas artísticas propiciam a interação entre crianças e jovens com e sem deficiência, no que se refere aos processos de inclusão, da escola de educação básica e da APAE, além de reconhecer os processos educativos obtidos para o desenvolvimento dos participantes. A estratégia metodológica ocorreu a partir dos encontros com os participantes do projeto com posterior análise nomotética que possibilitou a coleta de dados para este artigo. Como referência adotamos os princípios pedagógicos de Paulo Freire (2005), além dos conceitos sobre desenvolvimento humano de Vygotsky (1998, 1999, 2000) e Papalia e Feldman (2013). Esperamos que esse trabalho possibilite reflexões sobre a realização de práticas artísticas, dando maior visibilidade aos processos de inclusão decorrentes de tais práticas, de modo a contribuir com a educação inclusiva no Brasil, além de se constituir como parte integrante do processo de formação de estudantes em nível de graduação.
Natureza, alimento e cores
Authors: Santiago Debora
Published: February 2022

O artigo apresenta a ação artística “Natureza, alimento e cores” realizada com o Coletivo de Mulheres do Assentamento Contestado, do Movimento de Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), na Lapa – PR, localizada no sul do Brasil, e em outros contextos que ocorreu. Buscou-se investigar como a ação com público pode ser intersectada e mobilizada por questões propostas pela obra de Paulo Freire, buscando compreender e problematizar os termos autonomia e participação referenciando a pedagogia crítica do autor. Ao aproximar os dois campos de conhecimento, a arte e a educação, a ação propõe uma experiência estética com a troca de saberes e atenção à agroecologia.
Percursos de pesquisas entre coletivos
Authors: Barin Ana Cláudia , Bautista Nuñez Marcela
Published: February 2022

O artigo em questão é um convite para adentrar e conhecer o trabalho de duas pesquisadoras de um coletivo que produz pesquisa a partir de alianças com os campos da educação e das artes junto às filosofias da diferença, em especial com autores como Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari. O grupo em questão realiza suas pesquisas e investigações nos denominados Encontros de Orientação Coletiva (EOCs), o qual é composto por mestrandos/as, doutorandos/as e pós-doutorandas. Apresentamos aqui um recorte dessas duas pesquisas, que foram atravessadas por caminhos metodológicos construídos durante o processo investigativo de pós-graduação, como a fabulação e o pasearse. Ao tempo em que tivemos a passagem pelo grupo, dedicamo-nos a escrever sobre as experiências vivenciadas no coletivo e os modos de se fazer pesquisa em educação permeadas pelos campos de estudo da arte e da filosofia.
Kriptanalisis Algoritma Vigenere Chiper dengan Algoritma Genetika untuk Penentuan Kata Kunci
Authors: Tsauri Tsuraya Ats , Nurochman Nurochman
Published: February 2022

Cryptanalysis is the art to solve without key ciphers, in contrast to cryptography, namely to maintain the confidentiality of data by encode a plaintext. Vigenere ciphers is one of the kriptanalisis algorithm. Brute force attack and exhaustive attack is a technique of kriptanalisis vigenere ciphers, but less optimal in result. In my research this time proposed a way of solving the secret key (Cryptanalysis), using a genetic algorithm on text Indonesia-speaking ciphers. .The first step in this study performed a chromosome design would be the length of the keyword, the method used is the coincidence index (IOC), the IOC values with text Indonesian is 0,075. To get the value of fitness done the search weights by comparison Word decryption of keywords with Indonesian Language Dictionary. Genetic algorithms will seek all possible keywords, there are genetic algorithms in the process of reproduction includes crossover, mutation and elitisme. There are parameters that are included in the process of a keyword search that is the value of the probability of crossover, mutation probability and population, number of the parameter that you want to optimize to get keywordsThis analysis is performed on the five scenarios with any combination of parameters, number of characters chipertext and two types of different keywords. After 1000 times testing with a combination of parameters generated 467 the data successfully guessing keywords within approximately 60 minutes. With the testing of two different keywords and two different ciphers text amount done by as much as five times the test showed that both have the value of the average test time the fastest standard deviation value. After an analysis of the results of the research, the optimal parameters is obtained with a value Pc 0.09, Pm 0.3 and Pop_size 20.Keywords : Cryptanalysis, Genetic Algorithm, Vigenere Chiper, Index Coincidence.
«Sagesse incréée» et «sagesse participée» selon Maître Eckhart
Authors: Bara Bancel Silvia
Published: February 2022

Nous proposons ici une première étude de la notion de sagesse selon Maître Eckhart, à partir de ses écrits latins, notamment son Commentaire du Livre de la Sagesse (In Sap. n.121, 201‑206, 243 et 272‑274), Les sermons et leçons sur l’Ecclésiastique (In Eccli.), et les sermons latins Sermo die b. Augustini Parisius habitus et le Sermo LV, ainsi que les Sermons allemands 95a, 95b et 112. Dieu, sa nature, ainsi que le Fils sont désignés par Eckhart comme Sagesse divine (sapientia increata), qui est aussi la source de toute sagesse humaine (sapientia participata). Au‑delà de la sagesse terrestre ou naturelle, il y a une autre sagesse qui vient de la présence de Dieu, «une sorte de savoir savoureux», l’avant‑goût de la douceur divine, qui n’est autre que la naissance de Dieu, au‑delà des facultés humaines, au fond de l’âme.
Sulfamic acid is an environment-friendly alternative electrolyte for industrial acid cleaning and corrosion inhibition: a mini review
Authors: Verma Chandrabhan , Quraishi Mumtaz A.
Published: February 2022

Sulfamic acid (H3NSO3), which is also known as amino sulfuric acid, sulfamidic acid, amidosulfonic acid, and aminosulfonic acid, is an industrially useful water-soluble colorless crystalline solid. Sulfamic acid solutions of different concentrations are widely used for the removal of scales and metal oxides deposits from the surface of metals and ceramics. Sulfamic acid solutions (5–10%) serve as alternative electrolytes for the removal of rusts and lime scales to replace relatively more irritating and volatile hydrochloric and sulfuric acid-based electrolytes. Sulfamic acid solutions can be regarded as relatively more environmentally friendly and less toxic electrolytes for the cleaning of metallic surfaces. However, similar to the popular acidic solutions, sulfamic acid based electrolytes are corrosive to metal and metallic structures. Therefore, organic compounds based corrosion inhibitors of natural and synthetic origin are widely used to prevent corrosive damage of metallic surfaces in such electrolytes. These compounds become effective by adsorbing on the metallic surface following through the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Using electrochemical analyses it was observed that organic corrosion inhibitors in sulfamic acid based electrolytes behave as mixed- and interface-type corrosion inhibitors and they become effective by adsorbing at the metal/electrolyte interfaces. The adsorption of most of the corrosion inhibitors mostly follows physiochemisorption mechanism.
An overview of microbiologically influenced corrosion: mechanisms and its control by microbes
Authors: Liu Li , Wu Xiaodi , Wang Qihui , Yan Zhitao , Wen Xin , Tang Jun , Li Xueming
Published: February 2022

Metallic materials are widely utilized in the fields of industry, agriculture, transportation and daily life for their high mechanical strength, and relatively low cost. However, the microorganisms that are widely distributed in surroundings can have complicated interactive reactions with metallic materials. The microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) has caused serious economic losses and resource wastage for human society. To date, great efforts have been made in the mechanism of MIC and control methods. This work describes the research findings on MIC developed in the recent years, and studies on the common microbial species that affect metal corrosion. The other aim of this paper is to review the accelerating or inhibiting mechanism in metal corrosion. Also, it provides an outlook for research on MIC.
Experimental determination of the isothermal sections and liquidus surface projection of the Mo–Si–V ternary system
Authors: Yang Wenkui , Li Changrong , Guo Cuiping , Du Zhenmin
Published: February 2022

The phase equilibria of the Mo–Si–V ternary system were experimentally determined, including the isothermal sections at 1200 and 1450 °C, as well as the liquidus surface projection. The microstructures, crystal structures and phase constitutions of the as-cast and the annealed alloys in whole composition range were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy, electron probe microanalyzer and X-ray diffraction. Five three-phase regions and ten two-phase regions were confirmed and no ternary compounds were observed in isothermal sections at 1200 and 1450 °C. In addition, the solidification paths of different Mo–Si–V alloys were analyzed to verify the primarily solidified phases. The stoichiometric compounds Mo5Si3 and V5Si3 have the same structure-type (W5Si3), however, they have two different compositions in the Mo–Si–V ternary system. They form two-line compounds Mo-rich Mo(V)5Si3 and V-rich V(Mo)5Si3. Eight primary solidification regions were finally confirmed on the basis of the study on the solidification processes of the as-cast alloys. The present experimental results are useful for the thermodynamic assessment of the Mo–Si–V ternary system, and the database development for the multi-component Nb/Mo–Si-based superalloy system.
What Determines COVID-19 Vaccination Rates in Germany?
Authors: Ambros Maximilian , Frenkel Michael
Published: February 2022

We study the driving forces behind COVID-19 vaccination in German counties using a cross-sectional and a panel approach. We identify several factors that have a significant impact on vaccination rates. Our results are robust to different model specifications.
Power allocation scheme in MIMO-OFDM UWOC system with varying receiver spacing channel gain analysis
Authors: Bai Jurong , Nie Jing , Yang Yi , He Fengtao , Zhao Feng
Published: February 2022

For underwater blue–green light multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal frequency division multiplexing modulation system (MIMO-OFDM), the underwater MIMO channel gain matrix corresponding to the change of receiver spacing was analyzed and derived, and a proportional power allocation scheme combined with singular value decomposition (SVD) precoding was proposed, in order to eliminate inter-channel interferences of the MIMO system. The simulation results show that when the transmitter spacing is fixed, and the receivers adopt the same spacing as the transmitters, which is difficult to achieve in the complex underwater environment, the system bit error rate (BER) performance under the proposed proportional power allocation scheme is the same as that of the average power allocation. When the receiver spacing increases, the system BER under the proposed scheme can ensure better overall performance compared with that of the traditional average allocation scheme.
Ultra-secure optical encryption based on tightly focused perfect optical vortex beams
Authors: Yang Qingshuai , Xie Zijian , Zhang Mengrui , Ouyang Xu , Xu Yi , Cao Yaoyu , Wang Sicong , Zhu Linwei , Li Xiangping
Published: February 2022

Light’s orbital angular momentum (OAM) with inherent mode orthogonality has been suggested as a new way to the optical encryption. However, the dependence of annular intensity profiles on the topological charge complicates nanoscale light–matter interactions and hampers the ultra-secure encryption application. In this paper, we demonstrate ultra-secure image encryption by tightly focusing perfect optical vortex (POV) beams with controllable annular intensity profiles and OAM states. A simple scheme composed of single spatial light modulator to implement Fourier transform of an ideal Bessel mode with both amplitude and phase modulations is proposed to generate radius-controllable POV in tightly focused beams. Such focused POV beams with identical intensity profiles but varied local OAM density are applied to disorder-coupled gold nanorod aggregates to selectively excite electromagnetic hot spots for encoding information through photothermal deformation. As such, ultra-secure image encryption in OAM states of POV beams in combination with different polarizations can be achieved. Our results lay the ground for diverse nanophotonic applications harnessing the OAM division of POV beams.
Effect of morphology and size on the thermodynamic stability of cerium oxide nanoparticles: Experiment and molecular dynamics calculation
Authors: Chibisov Andrey N. , Pugachevskii Maxim A. , Kuzmenko Alexander P. , Than Myo Min , Kartsev Alexey I.
Published: February 2022

Cerium oxide nanoparticles have unique catalytic and oxygen storage capacity properties. In this work, the morphology and size of cerium oxide nanoparticles were experimentally and theoretically investigated. For the synthesis of nanoparticles, the laser ablation method was used. The analysis of the size and morphological characteristics of nanoparticles was performed using transmission electron microscopy. Using the method of molecular dynamics, we reveal the limiting dimensional transition from octahedral morphology to a spherical form in cerium oxide nanoparticles. The results obtained will be relevant for the controlled synthesis of nanostructured materials based on cerium oxide.
A review of the design, processes, and properties of Mg-based composites
Authors: Guan Haotian , Xiao Hui , Ouyang Sihui , Tang Aitao , Chen Xianhua , Tan Jun , Feng Bo , She Jia , Zheng Kaihong , Pan Fusheng
Published: February 2022

Magnesium-based composites are promising materials that can achieve higher strength, modulus, stiffness, and wear resistance by using metals, ceramics, and nanoscale carbon-based materials as reinforcements. In the last few decades, high-performance magnesium-based composites with excellent interfacial bonding and uniformly distributed reinforcements have been successfully synthesized using different techniques. The yield strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation of SiC nanoparticle-reinforced Mg composites reached ∼710 MPa, ∼86 GPa, and ∼50%, respectively, which are the highest reported values for Mg-based composites. The present work summarizes the commonly used reinforcements of magnesium composites, particularly nano-reinforcements. The fabrication processes, mechanical properties, reinforcement dispersion, strengthening mechanisms, and interface optimization of these composites are introduced, and the factors affecting these properties are explained. Finally, the scope of future research in this field is discussed.
Scientific Disinformation in Times of Epistemic Crisis: Circulation of Conspiracy Theories on Social Media Platforms
Authors: Oliveira Thaiane , Wang Zijun , Xu Jingxin
Published: February 2022

The spread of disinformation about science in social media has been a major concern worldwide, especially at a time of crisis in which all institutions that produce knowledge and truth, including science, are delegitimized or discredited by society. Given this, the purpose of this research is to map the circulation of information on the most frequent conspiracy theories in Brazil, seeking to identify actors, discourses, and interactions on different digital platforms. Using a mixed methodology for identifying informational flows among supporters of conspiracy theories on Facebook, WhatsApp, and YouTube, the results show that, even though there is distrust about the relationship between science, government and industry, scientific authority is a symbolic capital of extreme importance for the circulation of information on conspiracy theories related to science.
Recent developments in the green synthesis of biologically relevant cinnolines and phthalazines
Authors: Mekheimer Ramadan Ahmed , Abd-Elmonem Mohamed , Abou Elsebaa Mohamed , Nazmy Maiiada Hassan , Sadek Kamal Usef
Published: February 2022

Both cinnolines and phthalazines are heterocyclic compounds which have a wide range of biological activities and pharmacological profiles. This work represents the recent advances in the green synthesis of cinnolines and phthalazines as 1,2 and 2,3-diazanaphalenes were cited. The docking studies and mode of action for key scaffolds were also reported.
Preparation, biological evaluation and radiolabeling of [99mTc]-technetium tricarbonyl procainamide as a tracer for heart imaging in mice
Authors: Sanad M. H. , Marzook Fawzy A. , Farag Ayman B. , Mandal Sudip Kumar , Rizvi Syed F. A. , Gupta Jeetendra Kumar
Published: February 2022

This study focuses on the synthesis and preliminary bio-evaluation of [99mTc]-technetium tricarbonyl procainamide ([99mTc]-technetium tricarbony PA) as a viable cardiac imaging agent. The compound, [99mTc]-technetium tricarbony PA, was synthesized by labelling procainamide with a [99mTc]-technetium tricarbonyl core, yielding a high radiochemical yield and radiochemical purity of 98%. Under optimal circumstances, high radiochemical yield and purity were obtained utilizing [99mTc]-technetium tricarbonyl core within 30 min of incubation at pH 9, 200 µg substrate concentration, and 100 °C reaction temperature. The heart showed a high absorption of 32.39 ± 0.88% of the injected dose/g organ (ID/g), confirming the suitability of [99mTc]-technetium tricarbonyl PA as a viable complex for heart imaging.
Enhancement of the thermal and physicochemical properties of styrene butadiene rubber composite foam using nanoparticle fillers and electron beam radiation
Authors: Eyssa H. M. , El Refay Heba. M. , Sanad M. H.
Published: February 2022

This study investigates the physicochemical and thermal properties of styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) nanocomposite foam. Nano-calcium carbonate (CaCO3) was prepared from eggshells (ESs) waste. Sponge rubber nanocomposites were prepared and were irradiated by electron beam (EB) radiation at 25, 75, and 150 kGy. Their physicochemical properties, including foam density, compression set (CS), hardness, abrasion loss, and expansion ratio, and their thermal stability were investigated. The physicochemical properties were enhanced by adding 2.5 phr of a foaming agent. Among the composites examined, the foam composites containing nano-CaCO3had the lowest CS, abrasion loss, and expansion ratio and the highest hardness and foam density. The results confirmed that the thermal stability was improved by incorporating nano-CaCO3into the SBR foam and as the radiation dose increased. The sponge containing nanoclay demonstrated an intermediate behavior, whereas that with CaCO3nanoparticles showed low average cell diameter and size and high cell wall thickness. The radiation process enhanced the foam density, CS, abrasion loss, hardness, and thermal property of the developed nanocomposites by inducing the formation of intermolecular crosslinks within the composite matrix.The results showed that physicochemical properties improved by increasing the radiation dose at 25 kGy.
The predictive value of serum SCUBE-1 level for left ventricular thrombus in patients with post myocardial infarction heart failure
Authors: Ozgul Ufuk , Ozturk Bayram , Kerkutluoglu Murat , Yucel Oguzhan , Bolayir Hasan Ata , Baylan Filiz Alkan , Gunes Hakan
Published: February 2022

Objectives

Left ventricular thrombus is regarded as one of the main myocardial infarction complications. Knowing the left ventricular thrombus symptoms prevents serious complications that may occur. This study aims to reveal any association between SCUBE-1 and left ventricular thrombus, thought to be involved in platelet aggregation and adhesion.

Methods

The study included 80 patients diagnosed with heart failure following acute myocardial infarction, applying for the cardiology outpatient clinic for third-month follow-up. The patients were included in two groups to see if the left ventricular thrombus was present. Thus, 22 patients were found to have left ventricular thrombus. The two groups were compared based on clinical laboratory and echocardiographic parameters.

Results

It was found that the patients with left ventricular thrombus had significantly higher Serum SCUBE-1 levels (p<0.001). The optimal cutoff point of SCUBE-1 levels for predicting the LVT was >35.1 ms, with the specificity of 86% and sensitivity of 68.4% (AUC=0.815; 95% CI, 0.699–0.931; p<0.0001). SCUBE -1 level (OR=1.090, 95% CI: 1.034–1.150, p<0.001) in the multiple logistic regression model continue to significantly predict LVT after adjusting for the confounding variables, as statistically significant in the univariate analysis of the variables which correlated with the SCUBE-1 levels.

Conclusions

SCUBE-1 level was determined to independently predict the left ventricular thrombus after a previous anterior myocardial infarction.
Redox-changing effects of popular tobacco products in rats
Authors: Denk Barış , Avcı Gülcan , Aydoğan Beyza , Fidan Abdurrahman Fatih , Aslan Recep
Published: February 2022

Objectives

The consumption of popular tobacco products has adverse effects on public health. Early diagnosis and treatment practices are essential based on the disease-symptom relationship in public health problems. There is a need to evaluate biochemical parameters to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of these problems with experimental studies. We aimed to investigate the biochemical and physiological effects of cigarettes, hookahs, and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) that people commonly use.

Methods

We have used Wistar albino rats, and the rats were exposed to cigarette smoke, e-cigarette smoke, and hookah smoke for 60 min/day for seven days. We detected malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NOx), protein carbonyl oxidation (PCO), 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), reduced glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels in blood samples taken after the experiment.

Results

We observed that the redox balance was disturbed in all groups. E-cigarettes mainly triggered lipid peroxidation; only hookah activated the intracellular antioxidant system.

Conclusions

Cigarette, hookah, and e-cigarette smoking should be considered high-risk factors for individual and public health. The use of tobacco products adversely affects public health.
Long-Term Monitoring of Training Load, Force-Velocity Profile, and Performance in Elite Weightlifters: A Case Series With Two Male Olympic Athletes
Authors: Sandau Ingo , Granacher Urs
Published: February 2022

Sandau, I and Granacher, U. Long-term monitoring of training load, force-velocity profile, and performance in elite weightlifters: a case series with two male Olympic athletes. J Strength Cond Res 36(12): 3446–3455, 2022—The aim of this case series approach was to analyze weekly changes in force-velocity relationship (FvR) parameters (v̅
0, F̅
0, P̅
max) and theoretical snatch performance (snatch
th) assessed through a specific snatch pull test in preparation of the European and World Championships in 2 male elite weightlifters. A second aim was to examine associations of training load (volume, volume load, average load), barbell FvR-parameters, and snatch
th over a period of 2 macrocycles in preparation of the same competitions. FvR-parameters, snatch
th, training load data, and body mass were assessed weekly over 40 weeks. Using the smallest real difference approach, significant (p ≤ 0.05) decreases in v̅
0 and increases in F̅
0, P̅
max, and snatch
th were found within macrocycles. However, the large significant loss in body mass (≈11%) in athlete 1 during macrocycle 2 represents most likely a main factor for diminished P̅
max, and snatch
th in macrocycle 2. Based on cross-correlation analyses, barbell FvR-parameters and snatch
th were significantly (p ≤ 0.05) associated with maximal strength, muscle power, and speed training load variables. Moderate correlations (0.31–0.47) were found between training load and P̅
max and snatch
th in athlete 2. It can be concluded that the applied training loads elicits improvements in P̅
max and snatch
th because the athlete approached the main competitions. However, because of the large loss in body mass, the relations between training load and barbell FvR-parameters and snatch
th were less clear in athlete 1. It seems that a loss in body mass as a result of a change in bodyweight category mitigates P̅
max development during the macrocycle and hindered to reach peak snatch
th at the main competitions.
Hadrah Ishari Art: Ethnomusicological Study At Sirojul Huda Islamic Boarding School In Purwosari Pasuruan Regency
Authors: Larashati Bunga Widiya , Yanuartuti Setyo , Lodra I Nyoman
Published: February 2022

This research aims to analyze the ethnomusicological study of hadrah ishari musical art. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative with an ethnomusicological approach. The data collection techniques are through observation, interviews, and documentation. Interviews were done with an informant who is competent in the art of hadrah ishari is Ichwan Mu'jizat. The data analysis steps are data reduction, presentation, and conclusions. The data validity was obtained through triangulation techniques of data sources and techniques.

The results of the study show history, the form of presentation of this hadrah music consists of the introduction, the core, and the final presentation. The elements that make hadrah ishari music consist of tempos, rhythm, expressions, dynamics, and tone scales, while the elements that make the vocals of hadrah music are articulation, respiration, intonation, and tones. The movement of the head and hands also has a deep meaning about the symbol writing of Allah SWT and Muhammad SAW. The function of hadrah ishati itself has developed from the beginning for da'wah media, now it has begun to develop into entertainment, communication, commercial and creative media. Based on the results of the research, it is hoped that there are further researches and they can improve the results of the research, especially in the ethnomusicology study of the hadrah musical art.

Keywords : History, Presentation Form, Elements of Music, Functions of Music
Oral 11β-HSD1 inhibitor AZD4017 improves wound healing and skin integrity in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ajjan R A , Hensor E M A , Del Galdo F , Shams K , Abbas A , Fairclough R J , Webber L , Pegg L , Freeman A , Taylor A E , Arlt W , Morgan A W , Tahrani A A , Stewart P M , Russell D A , Tiganescu A
Published: February 2022

Background

Chronic wounds (e.g. diabetic foot ulcers) reduce the quality of life, yet treatments remain limited. Glucocorticoids (activated by the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1, 11β-HSD1) impair wound healing.

Objectives

Efficacy, safety, and feasibility of 11β-HSD1 inhibition for skin function and wound healing.

Design

Investigator-initiated, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group phase 2b pilot trial.

Methods

Single-center secondary care setting. Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus without foot ulcers were administered 400 mg oral 11β-HSD1 inhibitor AZD4017 (n = 14) or placebo (n = 14) bi-daily for 35 days. Participants underwent 3-mm full-thickness punch skin biopsies at baseline and on day 28; wound healing was monitored after 2 and 7 days. Computer-generated 1:1 randomization was pharmacy-administered. Analysis was descriptive and focused on CI estimation. Of the 36 participants screened, 28 were randomized.

Results

Exploratory proof-of-concept efficacy analysis suggested AZD4017 did not inhibit 24-h ex vivoskin 11β-HSD1 activity (primary outcome; difference in percentage conversion per 24 h 1.1% (90% CI: −3.4 to 5.5) but reduced systemic 11β-HSD1 activity by 87% (69–104%). Wound diameter was 34% (7–63%) smaller with AZD4017 at day 2, and 48% (12–85%) smaller after repeat wounding at day 30. AZD4017 improved epidermal integrity but modestly impaired barrier function. Minimal adverse events were comparable to placebo. Recruitment rate, retention, and data completeness were 2.9/month, 27/28, and 95.3%, respectively.

Conclusion

A phase 2 trial is feasible, and preliminary proof-of-concept data suggests AZD4017 warrants further investigation in conditions of delayed healing, for example in diabetic foot ulcers.

Significance statement

Stress hormone activation by the enzyme 11β-HSD type 1 impairs skin function (e.g. integrity) and delays wound healing in animal models of diabetes, but effects in human skin were previously unknown. Skin function was evaluated in response to treatment with a 11β-HSD type 1 inhibitor (AZD4017), or placebo, in people with type 2 diabetes. Importantly, AZD4017 was safe and well tolerated. This first-in-human randomized, controlled, clinical trial found novel evidence that 11β-HSD type 1 regulates skin function in humans, including improved wound healing, epidermal integrity, and increased water loss. Results warrant further studies in conditions of impaired wound healing, for example, diabetic foot ulcers to evaluate 11β-HSD type 1 as a novel therapeutic target forchronic wounds.
Complete resection of ulcerating, infiltrative, voluminous differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Allard Lucie , Denis Jérôme Alexandre , Godiris Petit Gaëlle , Deniziaut Gabrielle , Ghander Cécile , Mathy Elise , Guillerm Erell , Lussey-Lepoutre Charlotte , Leenhardt Laurence , Buffet Camille
Published: February 2022

An 87-year-old woman was referred to our department for a 15 cm right-sided cervical tumor with bleeding and skin ulceration, developed on a 6 cm papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed two years earlier. Surprisingly, there were no other compressive symptoms. Unexpectedly, but successfully, total thyroidectomy and neck dissection were performed. There were no poorly differentiated or anaplastic components in the final histological analysis. Impressive dehiscence occurred shortly after surgery and was also successfully managed. Our case highlights the benefit of considering surgery in the context of a tertiary care center even for an apparent massive aggressive cervical mass and despite old age.
External validation of AIBx, an artificial intelligence model for risk stratification, in thyroid nodules
Authors: Swan Kristine Z , Thomas Johnson , Nielsen Viveque E , Jespersen Marie Louise , Bonnema Steen J
Published: February 2022

Background

Artificial intelligence algorithms could be used to risk-stratify thyroid nodules and may reduce the subjectivity of ultrasonography. One such algorithm is AIBx which has shown good performance. However, external validation is crucial prior to clinical implementation.

Materials and methods

Patients harboring thyroid nodules 1–4 cm in size, undergoing thyroid surgery from 2014 to 2016 in a single institution, were included. A histological diagnosis was obtained in all cases. Medullary thyroid cancer, metastasis from other cancers, thyroid lymphomas, and purely cystic nodules were excluded. Retrospectively, transverse ultrasound images of the nodules were analyzed by AIBx, and the results were compared with histopathology and Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS), calculated by experienced physicians.

Results

Out of 329 patients, 257 nodules from 209 individuals met the eligibility criteria. Fifty-one nodules (20%) were malignant. AIBx had a negative predictive value (NPV) of 89.2%. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values (PPV) were 78.4, 44.2, and 25.8%, respectively. Considering both TIRADS 4 and TIRADS 5 nodules as malignant lesions resulted in an NPV of 93.0%, while PPV and specificity were only 22.4 and 19.4%, respectively. By combining AIBx with TIRADS, no malignant nodules were overlooked.

Conclusion

When applied to ultrasound images obtained in a different setting than used for training, AIBx had comparable NPVs to TIRADS. AIBx performed even better when combined with TIRADS, thus reducing false negative assessments. These data support the concept of AIBx for thyroid nodules, and this tool may help less experienced operators by reducing the subjectivity inherent to thyroid ultrasound interpretation.