bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspectos característicos da utilização de experimentações por professores de física do ensino médio, de um município paulista
Authors: Sauzem Wesendonk Fernanda , Adolfo Terrazzan Eduardo
Published: March 2021

Neste artigo, buscamos compreender os aspectos que marcam o processo de planejamento e de desenvolvimento de experimentações por professores no contexto do Ensino de Física no Ensino Médio. Para tanto, procuramos responder às seguintes questões de pesquisa: (1) Que elementos/materiais/fontes os professores de Física do Ensino Médio utilizam para a organização de atividades didáticas baseadas em experimentação? (2) Que aspectos principais caracterizam as formas pelas quais os professores de Física do Ensino Médio costumam utilizar a experimentação em suas aulas? Para a coleta de informações, realizamos entrevistas com sete professores de Física do Ensino Médio de escolas pertencentes à Rede Pública Estadual de um município brasileiro do Estado de São Paulo. Os procedimentos de organização, de tratamento e de análise das informações coletadas seguiram as orientações da perspectiva conhecida como Teoria Fundamentada. Pelas análises realizadas, foi possível evidenciar que: (1) o livro didático é o material consultado com maior frequência para auxiliar os docentes na organização dessas atividades; (2) a maior parte dos professores privilegia o uso de experimentos que são desenvolvidos com materiais de baixo custo e que motivem os estudantes; (3) as adaptações/modificações que os professores costumam fazer em relação ao experimento original são sempre relacionadas ao material indicado para ser utilizado na montagem do aparato experimental; (4) são realizados experimentos para abordar diferentes assuntos da Física; (5) os professores costumam desenvolver as experimentações na própria sala de aula; (6) o momento da aula considerado como o mais adequado para a utilização da experimentação é durante o tratamento do assunto ou após a apresentação teórica dele, como meio de ilustrar o conceito/fenômeno/processo em estudo; (7) se tratando de experimentos com aparatos físicos, os próprios professores costumam montar o aparato experimental e realizar a experimentação.
Wprowadzenie
Authors: Churski Paweł
Published: March 2021

Przedstawiamy Państwu numer 52 czasopisma „Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna” przygotowywanego przez Wydział Geografii Społeczno-Ekonomicznej i Gospodarki Przestrzennej Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Stanowi on czwarty zeszyt serii poświęconej wyzwaniom rozwojowym naszego regionu. Dostrzegając niedostatek aktualnych opracowań dotyczących problemów społecznych i ekonomicznych Wielkopolski, Redakcja, przy aprobacie wówczas Rady Instytutu Geografii Społeczno-Ekonomicznej i Gospodarki Przestrzennej Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, postanowiła, że począwszy od 2016 r. każdy czwarty w danym roku zeszyt naszego czasopisma będzie miał charakter tomu zbierającego wyniki badań regionalnych odnoszących się do naszego województwa. Zakładamy, że podjęta inicjatywa przyczyni się do powstania cennego poznawczo zbioru wyników analiz, których zakres przestrzenny będzie dotyczył województwa wielkopolskiego. W numerze tym zebraliśmy aż 15 artykułów, których problematyka obejmuje zróżnicowanie przestrzenne rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego Wielkopolski, zagadnienia osadnicze i demograficzne regionu, czynniki lokalizacji działalności przemysłowej,  zróżnicowanie działalności rolniczej, wyzwania środowiskowe oraz możliwości wykorzystania turystycznego zasobów środowiskowych i kulturowych województwa.
miR-299-3p suppresses cell progression and induces apoptosis by downregulating PAX3 in gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Zhenfen , Liu Qing , Huang Ping , Cai Guohao
Published: March 2021

Gastric cancer (GC) is ranked the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death, with an over 75% mortality rate worldwide. In recent years, miR-299-3p has been identified as a biomarker in multiple cancers, such as acute promyelocytic leukemia, thyroid cancer, and lung cancer. However, the regulatory mechanism of miR-299-3p in GC cell progression is still largely unclear. Cell viability and apoptosis tests were performed by CCK8 and flow cytometry assay, respectively. Transwell assay was recruited to examine cell invasion ability. The interaction between miR-299-3p and PAX3 was determined by the luciferase reporter system. PAX3 protein level was evaluated by western blot assay. The expression of miR-299-3p was downregulated in GC tissues and cell lines (MKN-45, AGS, and MGC-803) compared with the normal tissues and cells. Besides, overexpression of miR-299-3p significantly suppressed proliferation and invasion and promoted apoptosis in GC. Next, we clarified that PAX3 expression was regulated by miR-299-3p using a luciferase reporter system, qRT-PCR, and western blot assay. Additionally, downregulation of PAX3 repressed GC cell progression. The rescue experiments indicated that restoration of PAX3 inversed miR-299-3p-mediated inhibition on cell proliferation and invasion. miR-299-3p suppresses cell proliferation and invasion as well as induces apoptosis by regulating PAX3 expression in GC, representing desirable biomarkers for GC diagnosis and therapy.
Investigation of bioactivities of Taxus chinensis, Taxus cuspidata, and Taxus × media by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhang Shuqiang , Lu Xueyan , Zheng Tianyao , Guo Xiaorui , Chen Qi , Tang Zhonghua
Published: March 2021

Taxus species have attracted much attention for their potency in cancer treatment. However, investigating the bioactivities of Taxus species is a complex task, due to their diversity, slow growth, and endangered state. The most important Taxus species in China are Taxus chinensis (T. chinensis), Taxus cuspidata (T. cuspidata), and Taxus × media (T. media), which mainly grow in the northeastern region. This article probes deep into the differences among the leaves of T. chinensis, T. cuspidata, and T. media, with the aid of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Through GC-MS, 162 compounds were detected in the samples and found to contain 35 bioactive metabolites. On this basis, 20 metabolites with significant bioactivities (antibiotic, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiaging effects) were identified via unsupervised learning of principal component analysis and supervised learning of partial least squares-discriminant analysis. The results show that T. media has the most prominent antibiotic, antioxidant, and anticancer effects, while T. cuspidata has the most diverse and abundant metabolites that slow down aging.
Biological variation of serum neurofilament light chain
Authors: Hviid Claus Vinter Bødker , Madsen Anne Tranberg , Winther-Larsen Anne
Published: March 2021

Objectives

The neurofilament light chain (NfL) has emerged as a versatile biomarker for CNS-diseases and is approaching clinical use. The observed changes in NfL levels are frequently of limited magnitude and in order to make clinical decisions based on NfL measurements, it is essential that biological variation is not confused with clinically relevant changes. The present study was designed to evaluate the biological variation of serum NfL.

Methods

Apparently healthy individuals (n=33) were submitted to blood draws for three days in a row. On the second day, blood draws were performed every third hour for 12 h. NfL was quantified in serum using the Simoa™ HD-1 platform. The within-subject variation (CVI) and between-subject variation (CVG) were calculated using linear mixed-effects models.

Results

The overall median value of NfL was 6.3 pg/mL (range 2.1–19.1). The CVI was 3.1% and the CVG was 35.6%. An increase in two serial measurements had to exceed 24.3% to be classified as significant at the 95% confidence level. Serum NfL levels remained stable during the day (p=0.40), whereas a minute variation (6.0–6.6 pg/mL) was observed from day-to-day (p=0.02).

Conclusions

Serum NfL is subject to tight homeostatic regulation with none or neglectable semidiurnal and day-to-day variation, but considerable between-subject variation exists. This emphasizes serum NfL as a well-suited biomarker for disease monitoring, but warrants caution when interpreting NfL levels in relation to reference intervals in a diagnosis setting. Furthermore, NfL’s tight regulation requires that the analytical variation is kept at a minimum.
A novel method for determining the feasible integral self-stress states for tensegrity structures
Authors: Fraddosio Aguinaldo , Pavone Gaetano , Piccioni Mario Daniele
Published: March 2021

The form-finding analysis is a crucial step for determining the stable self-equilibrated states for tensegrity structures, in the absence of external loads. This form-finding problem leads to the evaluation of both the self-stress in the elements and the shape of the tensegrity structure. This paper presents a novel method for determining feasible integral self-stress states for tensegrity structures, that is self-equilibrated states consistent with the unilateral behaviour of the elements, struts in compression and cables in tension, and with the symmetry properties of the structure. In particular, once defined the connectivity between the elements and the nodal coordinates, the feasible self-stress states are determined by suitably investigating the Distributed Static Indeterminacy (DSI). The proposed method allows for obtaining feasible integral self-stress solutions by a unique Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) of the equilibrium matrix, whereas other approaches in the literature require two SVD. Moreover, the proposed approach allows for effectively determining the Force Denstiy matrix, whose properties are strictly related to the super-stability of the tensegrity structures. Three tensegrity structures were studied in order to assess and discuss the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed innovative method.
Floating-bending tensile-integrity structures
Authors: Palmieri Micol , Giannetti Ilaria , Micheletti Andrea
Published: March 2021

This is a conceptual work about the form-finding of a hybrid tensegrity structure. The structure was obtained from the combination of arch-supported membrane systems and diamond-type tensegrity systems. By combining these two types of structures, the resulting system features the “tensile-integrity” property of cables and membrane together with what we call “floating-bending” of the arches, a term which is intended to recall the words “floating-compression” introduced by Kenneth Snelson, the father of tensegrities. Two approaches in the form-finding calculations were followed, the Matlab implementation of a simple model comprising standard constant-stress membrane/cable elements together with the so-called stick-and-spring elements for the arches, and the analysis with the commercial software WinTess, used in conjunction with Rhino and Grasshopper. The case study of a T3 floating-bending tensile-integrity structure was explored, a structure that features a much larger enclosed volume in comparison to conventional tensegrity prisms. The structural design of an outdoor pavilion of 6 m in height was carried out considering ultimate and service limit states. This study shows that floating-bending structures are feasible, opening the way to the introduction of suitable analysis and optimization procedures for this type of structures.
Micro-buckling of carbon fibers in shape memory polymer composites under bending in the glass transition temperature region
Authors: Tiwari Nilesh , Shaikh AbdulHafiz A.
Published: March 2021

The influence of a wide temperature range in the glass transition region of a shape memory polymer (SMP) matrix on micro-buckling of the fiber reinforcements in shape memory polymer composites (SMPC) under large bending deformation is described. Analytical expressions to estimate the strain energy, neutral strain surface, critical buckling surface and half wavelength of the buckled fibers in the SMPC are presented based on the minimum energy method. This study considers the reinforced fibers as three-dimensional elastic bodies and the matrix as a temperature stimulated flat plate. A comprehensive study was performed to understand the dynamic temperature behavior of the micro-buckled fibers and corresponding results were validated by previous works in the literature. The effects of fiber volume fraction and thickness of the SMPC plates on the half wavelength are also discussed along with the simultaneous influence of temperature on the parameters computed in the minimum energy analysis.
Optimization of thermal energy harvesting by PZT using shape memory alloy
Authors: Mekhalfia Mohammed Lamine
Published: March 2021

Thermal Energy harvesting intends to supply portable or wireline electrical appliances connected to a generator with the necessary power on the purpose of making them energy-independent. The implemented power values in this case are small; they range from Microwatt to Watt. This self-feeding process is an attempt to cope with the widespread energy-efficient electronic technologies of nowadays. Additionally, this study aims at recovering renewable micro-energy by means of the piezoelectric material and optimizing its efficiency by using Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs). This study sheds light upon the progress made on storage devices that are necessary to compensate for the intermittencies and the inadequacies that occur in the production and consumption of the generated electrical energy.
Overview of the method and state of hydrogenization of road transport in the world and the resulting development prospects in Poland
Authors: Gis Wojciech , Gis Maciej
Published: March 2021

National Implementation Plans (NIP) in regard hydrogenation motor transport are in place in European Union (EU) countries, e.g. Germany, France or Belgium, Denmark, Netherlands. Motor transport hydrogenization plans exist in the Japan and USA. In Poland the methodology deployment Hydrogen Refuelling Stations (HRS) developed in Motor Transport Institute is of multi-stage character are as follows: Stage I: Method allowing to identify regions in which HRS should be located. Stage II: Method allowing to identify urban centres, in which should be located the said stations. Stage III: Method for determining the area of the station location. The presentation of the aforesaid NIPS and based on that and the mentioned methodology the conditions for hydrogenization of motor transport in Poland is the purpose of this article, which constitutes its novelty. The scope of the article concerns the hydrogenization of motor transport in the abovementioned countries. With the above criteria, the order the construction in Poland of a HRS, in the order of their creation, along the TEN-T corridors is as follows: 1 - Poznan 2 - Warsaw, 3 - Bialystok, 4 - Szczecin, 5 - the Lodz region, 6 - the Tri-City region, 7 - Wrocław, 8 - the Katowice region, 9 – Krakow.

The concluding discussion sets out the status of deployment HRS and FCEVs in the analysed countries.
Research on the combustion process in the Fiat 1.3 Multijet engine fueled with rapeseed methyl esters
Authors: Kurczyński Dariusz , Łagowski Piotr , Warianek Michał
Published: March 2021

The aim of the paper is to analyze and evaluate the basic parameters of the combustion process in a modern Fiat 1.3 Multijet diesel engine, fuelled esters (FAME) and diesel oil. During the tests on an engine test bed, the pressure waveforms in the cylinder were measured, on the basis of which the averaged actual indicator graphs were established in the determined engine operating conditions. On their basis, the pressure increase rates were determined and heat release characteristics were prepared based on the equation of the first principle of thermodynamics. The characteristics of the relative amount of heat released and the characteristics of the relative heat release rate were determined. The use of rapeseed methyl esters to supply the engine had an impact on the parameters of the combustion process as compared to its supply with diesel oil. Differences in the waveforms of heat release characteristics of the engine powered by the tested fuels are significantly greater at low loads. At the lowest engine loads, esters burn much faster than diesel oil. With the increase in engine load, the differences in the waveform of heat release characteristics during combustion of these fuels were significantly smaller.
Forest cover assessment using remote-sensing techniques in Crete Island, Greece
Authors: Elhag Mohamed , Boteva Silevna , Al-Amri Nassir
Published: March 2021

Remote-sensing satellite images provided rapid and continuous spectral and spatial information of the land surface in the Sougia River catchment by identifying the major changes that have taken place over 20 years (1995–2015). Vegetation indices (VIs) of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and leaf area index were derived for monitoring and mapping variations in vegetation cover. The quantified decrease in NDVI was found to be 4% between 1995 and 2005, and further decreased by 77.1% between 2005 and 2015; it declined back to almost the initial status of 1995. EVI results were inconsistent suggesting that seasonal crops influence the temporal distribution of vegetation cover. The temporal variations in the VIs were important input parameters for the modelling and management of the catchment’s hydrological behaviour. Image classification found that the 4- and the 6-class classifications between 1995 and 2005 were unstable and produced, respectively, a 13.8% and 16.2% total change between classes. Meanwhile, the 8-, 10- and the 12-class showed an almost horizontal line with a minor fluctuation of less than 0.05%. The results of the post-classification change detection analysis indicated a land degradation in terms of natural vegetation losses with sparser or even with no natural vegetation cover.
“We came for the Sluts, but stayed for the Slutsk”: FK Slutsk Worldwide Facebook page between ironic and genuine football fandom
Authors: Fiadotava Anastasiya
Published: March 2021

In spring 2020, with most national football (soccer) leagues being suspended, fans from around the world turned to the Belarusian Premier League — Europe’s only championship to continue amid the COVID-19 pandemic. In March, a group of Australian football fans created the FK Slutsk Worldwide Facebook group, dedicated to the eponymous Belarusian club, which quickly transformed into a diverse online community. Initially, the group demonstrated many features of ironic fandom, with members producing various humorous forms and performing exaggerated loyalty in recognition of the peculiar circumstances behind the intense international focus on an otherwise unremarkable team. As time passed and the Facebook group community evolved, however, the practices of ironic fandom began to give way to attributes of a genuine fandom. Through an examination of the group’s development, this paper makes a case for viewing the relationship between ironic and genuine fandom not in oppositional, but in temporal terms. It argues that, in order for a fandom to sustain itself, it must be rooted in a shared sensibility that is not limited to a sense of irony, and that a transition from ironic to genuine fandom stems from this sensibility taking precedence over the ironic aspect.
Kinetics studies on free radical scavenging property of ceria in polysulfone–ceria radiation resistant mixed-matrix membrane
Authors: Bedar Amita , Singh Beena G. , Tewari Pradip K. , Bindal Ramesh C. , Kar Soumitra
Published: March 2021

Cerium oxide (ceria) contains two stable states of cerium ions (Ce3+ and Ce4+). The presence of these two states and the ability to swap from one state to another (Ce3+ ↔ Ce4+) by scavenging the highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from radiolysis of water, ensure the enhanced stability of polysulfone (Psf) membranes in the γ-radiation environment. In this study, the ROS scavenging ability of ceria was studied. Ceria nanoparticles were found to scavenge ROS like hydroxyl radicals and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The H2O2 scavenging is due to the peroxidase-like catalytic activity of ceria nanoparticles. The ROS scavenging is responsible for offering protection to the Psf host matrix and in turn the stability to the Psf-ceria mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) in γ-radiation environment. Thus, presence of ceria nanoparticles provides an opportunity for utilizing Psf-ceria MMMs in ionizing radiation environment with increased life span, without compromise in the performance.
Dynamics of dust particles in a conducting water-based kerosene nanomaterials: a computational approach
Authors: Parida Santosh Kumar , Mishra Satyaranjan , Dash Rishi Kanta , Pattnaik Pradyumna Kumar , Khan Muhammad Ijaz , Chu Yu-Ming , Shah Faisal
Published: March 2021

The magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow comprised of dust particles is carried out in the current investigation. The role of dust nanoparticles on the flow characteristics is vital. The radiative heat phenomena for the interaction of Cu nanoparticle are deliberated in this discussion. However, both water and oil (kerosene) are treated as conventional fluids. Regarding the current applications on nanofluid in industries for the production of several materials, it is important to use the nanoparticles as a coolant. In recent applications, for the CPU cooler Cu-nanoparticle is used because of its high thermal conductivity and as a good conductor of heat. The governing flow characteristics involved with nonlinear properties of partial differential equations are transformed into ordinary differential equations using suitable similarity variables. Further, numerical treatment is imposed using the in-build Matlab code bvp5c. The imitation is carried out for the various profiles using physical parameters and presented graphically. The numerical values for the rate coefficients are presented via tables and deliberated briefly.
Features of solving the direct and inverse scattering problems for two sets of monopole scatterers
Authors: Dmitriev Konstantin V. , Rumyantseva Olga D.
Published: March 2021

Research presented in this paper was initiated by the publication [A. D. Agaltsov and R. G. Novikov, Examples of solving the inverse scattering problem and the equations of the Veselov–Novikov hierarchy from the scattering data of point potentials, Russian Math. Surveys
74 (2019), 3, 373–386] and is based on its results.
Two sets of the complex monopole scattering coefficients are distinguished among the possible values of these coefficients for nonabsorbing inhomogeneities.
These sets differ in phases of the scattering coefficients.
In order to analyze the features and possibilities of reconstructing the inhomogeneities of both sets, on the one hand, the inverse problem is solved for each given value of the monopole scattering coefficient using the Novikov functional algorithm.
On the other hand, the scatterer is selected in the form of a homogeneous cylinder with the monopole scattering coefficient that coincides with the given one.
The results obtained for the monopole inhomogeneity and for the corresponding cylindrical scatterer are compared in the coordinate and spatial-spectral spaces.
The physical reasons for the similarities and differences in these results are discussed when the amplitude of the scattering coefficient changes, as well as when passing from one set to another.
Preregistration in experimental linguistics: applications, challenges, and limitations
Authors: Roettger Timo B.
Published: March 2021

The current publication system neither incentivizes publishing null results nor direct replication attempts, which biases the scientific record toward novel findings that appear to support presented hypotheses (referred to as “publication bias”). Moreover, flexibility in data collection, measurement, and analysis (referred to as “researcher degrees of freedom”) can lead to overconfident beliefs in the robustness of a statistical relationship. One way to systematically decrease publication bias and researcher degrees of freedom is preregistration. A preregistration is a time-stamped document that specifies how data is to be collected, measured, and analyzed prior to data collection. While preregistration is a powerful tool to reduce bias, it comes with certain challenges and limitations which have to be evaluated for each scientific discipline individually. This paper discusses the application, challenges and limitations of preregistration for experimental linguistic research.
Crystal structure of poly[aqua-(μ2-1,4-bis(2′-carboxylatophenoxy)benzene-κ2
O:O′)-(μ2-4,4′-bipyridione-κ2
N:N′)cadmium(II)] monhydrate, C30H22CdN2O7⋅H2O
Authors: Yang Bin , Wang Ai , Wang Yan
Published: March 2021

C30H24CdN2O8, orthorhombic, Pccn (no. 56), a = 11.720(2) Å, b = 14.000(3) Å, c = 16.971(3) Å, V = 2784.7(10) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0544, ωR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1664, T = 293(2) K.
Determination of mechanical properties of two-phase and hybrid nanocomposites: experimental determination and multiscale modeling
Authors: Haghighi Mahmoud , Golestanian Hossein , Aghadavoudi Farshid
Published: March 2021

In this paper, the effects of filler content and the use of hybrid nanofillers on agglomeration and nanocomposite mechanical properties such as elastic moduli, ultimate strength and elongation to failure are investigated experimentally. In addition, thermoset epoxy-based two-phase and hybrid nanocomposites are simulated using multiscale modeling techniques. First, molecular dynamics simulation is carried out at nanoscale considering the interphase. Next, finite element method and micromechanical modeling are used for micro and macro scale modeling of nanocomposites. Nanocomposite samples containing carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, and hybrid nanofillers with different filler contents are prepared and are tested. Also, field emission scanning electron microscopy is used to take micrographs from samples’ fracture surfaces. The results indicate that in two-phase nanocomposites, elastic modulus and ultimate strength increase while nanocomposite elongation to failure decreases with reinforcement weight fraction. In addition, nanofiller agglomeration occurred at high nanofiller contents especially higher than 0.75 wt% in the two-phase nanocomposites. Nanofiller agglomeration was observed to be much lower in the hybrid nanocomposite samples. Therefore, using hybrid nanofillers delays/prevents agglomeration and improves mechanical properties of nanocomposite at the same total filler content.
Monte Carlo method for the reduction of measurement errors in the material parameter estimation with cavities
Authors: Peter Ronny , Bifano Luca , Fischerauer Gerhard
Published: March 2021

The quantitative determination of material parameter distributions in resonant cavities is a relatively new method for the real-time monitoring of chemical processes. For this purpose, electromagnetic resonances of the cavity resonator are used as input data for the reverse calculation (inversion). However, the reverse calculation algorithm is sensitive to disturbances of the input data, which produces measurement errors and tends to diverge, which leads to no measurement result at all. In this work a correction algorithm based on the Monte Carlo method is presented which ensures a convergent behavior of the reverse calculation algorithm.
Die Netzwerkebenen von Genossenschaften als Innovationsraum – am Beispiel der BÄKO Österreich
Authors: Rößl Dietmar , Pieperhoff Martina , Hyslop Katie
Published: March 2021

Die Diskussion rund um open innovation versus closed innovation legt nahe, das Innovationsphänomen in Genossenschaften zu untersuchen, da in ihnen auf verschiedenen Netzwerkebenen interagiert wird und man so zu einer differenzierteren Betrachtung kommen kann. Als Untersuchungsobjekt wurde die BÄKO Österreich – die Einkaufsgenossenschaft der Bäcker und Konditoren – als seit Langem bestehende und daher offensichtlich anpassungsfähige Genossenschaft gewählt. Die fünf qualitativen Interviews werden mittels der Gioia-Methode analysiert, um zur Weiterentwicklung der theoretischen Überlegungen zum Innovationsprozess beizutragen. Unsere Untersuchung zeigt, dass die BÄKO Informationen von allen Akteuren aufnimmt und nach ihrer Innovationsrelevanz prüft, sodass Innovationsimpulse von außen und/oder von innen kommen können und so unterschiedlichste Akteursebenen einbezogen werden. Verallgemeinernd zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass in jedem Akteur eine mögliche Quelle für Innovationsimpulse gesehen werden sollte und Genossenschaften an Markterfolg und Legitimation gegenüber ihren Mitgliedern verlieren, wenn sie ihre grundsätzlich vorhandene Innovativität im Interesse der Mitglieder nicht einzusetzen wissen.
Evaluación de la administración de la infraestructura de riego por parte de Asociaciones de Usuarios de Módulos de Riego: El caso de Culiacán 010, módulos I-3 y IV-3, 2011-2017
Authors: Ibarra-Armenta Cristina Isabel , Ramírez-Sánchez Albina Sarahí , Leos-Rodríguez Juan Antonio
Published: March 2021

A partir de la descentralización administrativa de la infraestructura hidroagrícola, tanto en México como en otros países,se establecieron asociaciones de usuarios de riego. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la eficacia administrativa de dos Asociaciones de Usuarios de Productores Agrícolas (AUPA) en el periodo 2011-2017 a través de indicadores financieros y contrastándola con los principios de adecuación del Banco Mundial y la normatividad nacional vigente. Aunque el módulo IV-3 es más eficaz que el I-3, ambos módulos observaron faltas a la normativa nacional. Por su parte, la Comisión Nacional del Agua (Conagua) no ejecutó sanciones. Esto indica la presencia de arreglos informales o clientelares, arriesgando la sostenibilidad de los módulos, mismos que tampoco cumplen con los principios del Banco Mundial. Este trabajo proporciona evidencia sobre la administración de las AUPA que hasta ahora no se han evaluado a nivel nacional.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors on cardiovascular outcomes in biologically healthy older adults
Authors: Strain William D , Griffiths Jonathan
Published: March 2021

Background: Unintentional weight loss is a hallmark of frailty and is associated with poor outcomes in older adults with type 2 diabetes. As such, the role of pharmacological therapies that facilitate weight loss – namely, sodium- glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists – remains uncertain in fitter older adults. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate these agents on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in older adults eligible for participation in cardiovascular outcome trials.Methods: A literature search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and CNKI from inception to 29 June 2020. A class-specific meta-analysis was conducted in older adults (>65 years at recruitment) and compared with the similar analysis in younger (<65 years) adults.Results: Of 761 unique studies identified, nine met the criteria for inclusion, five using GLP-1 receptor agonists and four with SGLT-2 inhibitors. GLP-1 receptor agonists in older adults were associated with a 15.3% (OR 0.847 (95% CI 0.788 to 0.910)) reduction in MACE events, similar to the 16% benefit seen in younger adults. The use of SGLT-2 inhibitors reduced MACE in older participants by 16.9% (OR 0.831 (95% CI 0.699 to 0.989)), numerically superior to the impact in younger patients (OR 0.936 (95% CI 0.787 to 1.113).Conclusions: GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors reduced MACE outcomes in older adults who were eligible to participate in clinical trials. Whereas this is reassuring for the biologically robust, it should not be extrapolated to frail older adults without further investigation.
Liver knockout YAP gene improved insulin resistance-induced hepatic fibrosis
Authors: Dai Yujiao , Hao Peng , Sun Zhimei , Guo Zhiyi , Xu Hong , Xue Lihui , Song Hongyu , Li Yida , Li Shuang , Gao Mingming , Si Teng , Zhang Yuxin , Qi Yajuan
Published: March 2021

Yes-associated protein (YAP), as a co-activator of transcription factors, is a downstream protein in the Hippo signaling pathway with important functions in cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration. YAP also plays a key role in the development of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. However, the mechanism of YAP during hepatic fibrosis progression and reversion is still unclear. Mild liver fibrosis was developed after 4 months of high-fat diet (HFD) stimulation, and we found that the YAP signaling pathway was activated. Here, we aim to reveal whether specific knockout of Yap gene in the liver can improve liver fibrosis induced by insulin resistance (IR) stimulated by HFD, and further explain its specific mechanism. We found that liver-specific Yap gene knockout improved IR-induced liver fibrosis and liver dysfunction, and this mechanism is related to the inhibition of the insulin signal pathway at the FoxO1 level. These findings provide a new insight, and Yap is expected to be a new target to reverse the early stage of liver fibrosis induced by IR.
PATRÓNS DE DISTRIBUCIÓN TERRITORIAL DA POBOACIÓN ESTRANXEIRA EN GALICIA, 1997-2017
Authors: OLIVA DENIS Richard Daniel , ALDREY VAZQUEZ José Antonio
Published: March 2021

Os movementos poboacionais foron decisivos na historia e no desenvolvementosocioeconómico de Galicia. A distribución espacial da poboación estranxeira nun territoriodisperso, onde predomina o carácter fragmentado da propiedade da terra, pode serdeterminante tanto para unha contorna urbana que tende a concentrar a este grupopoboacional como nos espazos fronteirizos e costeiros onde teñen unha maiorrepresentación relativa. Santiago de Compostela, como único municipio de máis de 50.000habitantes con crecemento positivo da poboación -durante os períodos avaliados-,representa un interesante caso de estudo sobre un fenómeno eminentemente urbano. Population movements have been decisive in the history and socioeconomicdevelopment of Galicia. The spatial distribution of the foreign population in a dispersedterritory with a fragmented land ownership can be crucial both for an urban environmentthat tends to concentrate this population group and for border and coastal areas wherethey have a significant representation. Santiago de Compostela, as the only municipality ofover 50,000 inhabitants with a positive population growth during the periods evaluated,represents an interesting case study on an eminently urban phenomenon.
Galicia perante o reto da automatización do traballo
Authors: García Juan Ramón
Published: March 2021

A partir das probabilidades de automatización de cada ocupación calculadas porFrey e Osborne (2017), utilízanse os microdatos da mostra anual da EPA entre 2011 e2016 para determinar as características persoais e laborais que condicionan o risco deque un traballador en Galicia sexa substituído por una máquina. Os resultados dasestimacións amosan que a probabilidade de automatización diminúe co grao deresponsabilidade, o nivel educativo, a disposición a participar en accións formativas e aadopción de novas formas de traballo, como o teletraballo, e é comparativamente reducidapara os ocupados en educación, sanidade, servizos sociais, TIC, enerxía e actividadesartísticas ou científico-técnicas. As restantes características do traballador e da empresaxogan un papel secundario para explicar o risco de dixitalización. Co obxectivo de atenuaras repercusións negativas do progreso tecnolóxico sobre o emprego e acadar uncrecemento inclusivo, é imprescindible que os axentes económicos, tanto públicos comoprivados, gobernen o cambio. Para acadalo, é preciso actuar en dous ámbitosestreitamente relacionados: a educación e o mercado de traballo.
Serial verb constructions and covert coordinations in Edo – an analysis in Type Logical Grammar
Authors: Naumann Ralf , Gamerschlag Thomas
Published: March 2021

Based on both syntactic and semantic criteria, Stewart (2001) and, following him, Baker and Stewart (1999), distinguish two types of serial verb constructions (SVC) and one type of covert coordination (CC) in Edo. In this article, we present an analysis of these constructions, using Type Logical Grammar (TLG) with an event-based semantic component. We choose as base logic the non-associative Lambek calculus augmented with two unary multiplicative connectives (NL(◊, □)). SVCs and CCs are interpreted as complex event structures. The complex predicates underlying these structures are derived from simple verbs by means of a constructor. SVCs and CCs differ in terms of which part of the complex event structure is denoted. For SVCs, this is the sum of all events in the structure whereas for a CC this is only the first event in the sequence. The two verbs in an SVC and a CC are treated asymmetrically by assuming that the first verb has an extended subcategorization frame. The additional argument is of type vp (possibly modally decorated). Constraints on word order and the realization of arguments are accounted for using structural rules like permutation and contraction. The application of these rules is enforced by making use of the unary connectives.
Pleuropulmonary Blastoma in Pediatric Lung Lesions
Authors: Kunisaki Shaun M. , Lal Dave R. , Saito Jacqueline M. , Fallat Mary E. , St. Peter Shawn D. , Fox Zachary D. , Heider Amer , Chan Sherwin S. , Boyd Kevin P. , Burns R. Cartland , Deans Katherine J. , Gadepalli Samir K. , Hirschl Ronald B. , Kabre Rashmi , Landman Matthew P. , Leys Charles M. , Mak Grace Z. , Minneci Peter C. , Wright Tiffany N. , Helmrath Michael A. ,   ON BEHALF OF THE MIDWEST PEDIATRIC SURGERY CONSORTIUM
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND:

Pediatric lung lesions are a group of mostly benign pulmonary anomalies with a broad spectrum of clinical disease and histopathology. Our objective was to evaluate the characteristics of children undergoing resection of a primary lung lesion and to identify preoperative risk factors for malignancy.

METHODS:

A retrospective cohort study was conducted by using an operative database of 521 primary lung lesions managed at 11 children’s hospitals in the United States. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between preoperative characteristics and risk of malignancy, including pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB).

RESULTS:

None of the 344 prenatally diagnosed lesions had malignant pathology (P < .0001). Among 177 children without a history of prenatal detection, 15 (8.7%) were classified as having a malignant tumor (type 1 PPB, n = 11; other PPB, n = 3; adenocarcinoma, n = 1) at a median age of 20.7 months (interquartile range, 7.9–58.1). Malignancy was associated with the DICER1 mutation in 8 (57%) PPB cases. No malignant lesion had a systemic feeding vessel (P = .0427). The sensitivity of preoperative chest computed tomography (CT) for detecting malignant pathology was 33.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.2–58.3). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that increased suspicion of malignancy by CT and bilateral disease were significant predictors of malignant pathology (odds ratios of 42.15 [95% CI, 7.43–340.3; P < .0001] and 42.03 [95% CI, 3.51–995.6; P = .0041], respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

In pediatric lung masses initially diagnosed after birth, the risk of PPB approached 10%. These results strongly caution against routine nonoperative management in this patient population. DICER1 testing may be helpful given the poor sensitivity of CT for identifying malignant pathology.
Post–COVID-19 Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis in a 17-Month-Old
Authors: McLendon Loren A. , Rao Chethan K. , Da Hora Cintia Carla , Islamovic Florinda , Galan Fernando N.
Published: March 2021

Neurologic manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in pediatric patients have been reported in the acute and postinfectious stages of coronavirus disease 2019. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) typically presents in children after a viral illness at a mean age of 3 to 7 years. A total of 60% to 90% of literature-reported pediatric patients with ADEM have minimal to no neurologic deficits at long-term follow-up. We present a 17-month-old developmentally typical girl with parental complaints of irritability, upper extremity weakness, and gait disturbance. She presented to the hospital afebrile and irritable with right-sided nasolabial fold flattening, neck stiffness, left upper extremity rigidity, right upper extremity paresis, bilateral lower extremity hyperreflexia, and truncal ataxia. During her hospital course, she became somnolent with autonomic instability and was transferred to intensive care. Contrasted brain MRI revealed diffuse patchy T2 hyperintensities without contrast enhancement. Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction and serum antibody testing results were positive. Cerebral spinal fluid analysis was unremarkable. Respiratory viral panel and autoimmune encephalitis and demyelinating disorders panel results were negative. She was started on high-dose methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin, with improvement in mental status, focal deficits, and ambulation. After hospital discharge, she received inpatient rehabilitation for 2 weeks and at 2 month follow-up had a full neurologic recovery. We report the youngest case of postinfectious ADEM due to SARS-CoV-2 in a toddler. Early recognition of autoimmune and inflammatory complications of SARS-CoV-2 is vital for early aggressive immunomodulatory treatment and, consequently, improved morbidity in these patients.
Investigation of the dynamic stability of bending-torsional deformations of the pipeline
Authors: Velmisov Petr A. , Tamarova Yuliya A. , Pokladova Yuliya V.
Published: March 2021

Nonlinear mathematical models are proposed that describe the dynamics of a pipeline with a fluid flowing in it: a) the model of bending-torsional vibrations with two degrees of freedom; b) the model describing flexural-torsional vibrations taking into account the nonlinearity of the bending moment and centrifugal force; c) the model that takes into account joint longitudinal, bending (transverse) and torsional vibrations. All proposed models are described by nonlinear partial differential equations for unknown strain functions. To describe the dynamics of a pipeline, the nonlinear theory of a rigid deformable body is used, which takes into account the transverse, tangential and longitudinal deformations of the pipeline. The dynamic stability of bending-torsional and longitudinal-flexural-torsional vibrations of the pipeline is investigated. The definitions of the stability of a deformable body adopted in this work correspond to the Lyapunov concept of stability of dynamical systems. The problem of studying dynamic stability, namely, stability according to initial data, is formulated as follows: at what values of the parameters characterizing the gas-body system, small deviations of the body from the equilibrium position at the initial moment of time will correspond to small deviations and at any moment of time. For the proposed models, positive definite functionals of the Lyapunov type are constructed, on the basis of which the dynamic stability of the pipeline is investigated. Sufficient stability conditions are obtained that impose restrictions on the parameters of a mechanical system.
Application of hybrid asymptotic methods and modern software for mathematical models developing for nonlinear dynamics of structures with variables in time parameters
Authors: Homeniuk S. , Grebenyuk S. , Gristchak D.
Published: March 2021

The relevance. The aerospace domain requires studies of mathematical models of nonlinear dynamic structures with time-varying parameters.

The aim of the work. To obtain an approximate analytical solution of nonlinear forced oscillations of the designed models with time-dependent parameters.

The research methods. A hybrid approach based on perturbation methods, phase integrals, Galorkin orthogonalization criterion is used to obtain solutions.

Results. Nonlocal investigation of nonlinear systems behavior is done using results of analytical and numerical methods and developed software. Despite the existence of sufficiently powerful numerical software systems, qualitative analysis of nonlinear systems with variable parameters requires improved mathematical models based on effective analytical, including approximate, solutions, which using numerical methods allow to provide a reliable analysis of the studied structures at the stage designing. An approximate solution in analytical form is obtained with constant coefficients that depend on the initial conditions.

Conclusions. The approximate analytical results and direct numerical solutions of the basic equation were compared which showed a sufficient correlation of the obtained analytical solution. The proposed algorithm and program for visualization of a nonlinear dynamic process could be implemented in nonlinear dynamics problems of systems with time-dependent parameters.
Comparison of Reliability of 3 Resonance Frequency Analysis Devices: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Diker Burcu , Diker Nurettin , Tak Önjen
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the intraobserver and interobserver reliability of 3 resonance frequency analysis (RFA) devices and to compare the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values according to implant macro design and diameter in 2 different bone densities. A total of 64 implants (Neoss ProActive; Neoss; Harrogate, UK) of varying diameters (3.5 and 4.0 mm) and implant macro design (tapered and straight) were placed in 2 artificial bone blocks (the density of type 2 and 3). The implant primary stability was measured using Osstell IDx (Osstell; Göteborg, Sweden), Osstell Beacon and Penguin RFA (Integration Diagnostics; Göteborg, Sweden). The ISQ value of each implant was measured by 2 observers and recorded 5 times in 2 directions. The intraobserver and interobserver reliability of RFA devices were evaluated. In addition to that, mean ISQ values were calculated for each RFA device to evaluate the effect of implant diameter, implant macro design, and bone density on ISQ values. ISQ values were significantly higher for implants placed within the type 2 bone than for the type 3 bone. The 4.0-mm diameter implants presented higher ISQ values than 3.5-mm diameter implants. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values for intraobserver reliability were above 0.85 for each observer and the ICC values for interobserver reliability were 0.94, 0.93, and 0.98 for Osstell IDx, Osstell Beacon, and Penguin RFA, respectively. Although there was excellent interobserver reliability with 3 RFA devices, the intraobserver reliability of Osstell Beacon and Penguin RFA were slightly better than Osstell IDx. Bone density and implant diameter were parameters affecting the primary stability of implants.