bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF UKRAINIAN CRYPTO INDUSTRY: FROM PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE TO DIGITAL LEADERSHIP
Authors:   Kyiv International University, OPANASYUK Vitaly
Published: March 2022

The urgency of the problem. The urgency of this topic is dictated by the strengthening of the global crypto lobby and the involvement of large and system capital in the crypto industry. Ignoring this fact can mean losing the investment race before it starts. High mobility and unlimited capacity of the crypto industry can be a good chance for Ukraine to know its niche in global cooperation. Methods: methodological and informational basis of the work are: scientific works, materials of periodicals, internet resources, normative-legal acts. In the course of the research are methods of structural-logical analysis, comparison and generalization were used. Results: A number of tax and economic incentives for the development of cryptographic investment are proposed. Directions of development in specialization and cooperation of Ukraine in the world crypt industry are offered. Scientific novelty: firstly identified and proposed the perspective, place and specialization of Ukraine in the interstate cooperation from the crypt industry point of view. Practical significance: The urgency of the topic is determined by the specialization and cooperation of Ukraine in the world of crypt industry and all significant opportunities that this young industry opens. In addition, the willingness of private investors to take higher risks, comparing with classic investments, makes Ukraine one of the few areas that concentrates both unprofessional and professional investors. That fact gives some benefits to the starting crypt industry development. First of them- to go through the formation of an expert layer,second- to form a group of professional investors and the third one- to explore the impact of cryptographic investment on GDP and competitiveness index.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF FORMATION OF CLUSTERS IN THE MINING INDUSTRY IN UKRAINE
Authors: YATSYKOVSKYY Bogdan , IVANYSHYNA Galyna ,   Higher Education Institution «National Academy of Management», HOLUBKA Stepan ,   Accounting Chamber of Ukraine
Published: March 2022

The article substantiates that an effective method of ensuring sustainable development of mining entities, an effective type of cooperation, in the process of which individual entities combine efforts in a common system (from geological exploration, field development, production to the sale of certain mining products ), there is a cluster. The opportunities that appear in the business entities (members of the cluster association), the implementation of which will determine the effective results of each participant, the development of the mining industry and, accordingly, the national economy as a whole. The classification of clusters on various grounds is presented, and the need to clarify the understanding of “industry clusters” is argued. The functioning of branch clusters has been clarified both in relation to the members of the cluster association and in relation to the subject of activity of the branch cluster. The author’s approach to understanding clusters according to the “sectoral” classification can unite participants from different regions of Ukraine (this is especially important for the mining industry), and the tasks of the sectoral cluster should be determined by appropriate criteria. The peculiarities of the development of cluster associations in different countries are highlighted. It is argued that the formation of a cluster in the mining industry must be based on existing experience of clusters in different countries and achieve all the benefits that can be achieved by joining forces. The organizational and economic mechanism of functioning and development of the mining industry cluster has been developed, which will be presented as a set of elements aimed at the development of cluster entities through the implementation of their strategies (including functional) within the overall conceptually agreed strategy and cluster development.
BREAKTHROUGH INNOVATIONS IN IMPLEMENTING THE «SMART CITIES» CONCEPT: EU EXPERIENCE AND UKRAINE’S OPPORTUNITIES
Authors:   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, BABENKO Vitalina , MATSENKO Oleksandr ,   Sumy State University, CHORNA Yaroslava ,   Sumy State University, TROYNIKOVA Viktiriya ,   V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University
Published: March 2022

In today’s realities, the introduction of blockchain, IoT, AI technologies is gaining momentum. Of all the modes of transport affected by AI, drones have been the most successful, but restrictive regulations and non-standard traffic rules are forcing European companies to develop their own autonomous prototypes outside the continent. Local unmanned driving licenses lack standardization, which would make it easier for European industry to innovate on a large scale. The lack of clarity in the legal framework on liability in the event of failure, as well as the problem of coordination in the EU, further complicate the problem. Moreover, this problem is relevant for the Ukrainian realities of transport regulation, especially its sphere, which appeals to the transformation of cities into intellectual environments. This article emphasizes the importance of introducing intelligent traffic control systems as a factor in increasing the competitiveness of cities in the long run, highlights the need to standardize protocols for smart systems (V2V, V2I, V2G) to increase the homogeneity and efficiency of the EU transport sector. A separate area is the study of the possibilities of cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union in this area, its inhibitory factors and prospects.
KNOW-HOW AS AN OBJECT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS MANAGEMENT AS PART OF AN ENTERPRISE’S INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Authors: SVYSTUN Tetyana , KONSTANTYNOVA Tetyana ,   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies
Published: March 2022

Secrets of know-how production in the world’s leading companies are a major component of assets. That is, for such companies it is the main active basis that provides income. International companies are focused on employees who are able to increase the overall intellectual level of companies and make changes, improve activities. Ukrainian business first came across the term «know-how» when concluding contracts with foreign suppliers of equipment, supplemented by various technological information about the rules of its operation, generally referred to in the know-how contracts. This term is enshrined in business to denote a set of knowledge and experience in a field of activity that have scientific, technical and commercial value and can have practical application. Such useful information can take different forms – technical, technological, commercial, managerial, financial and others. Know-how is the oldest form of protection of intellectual property. This is a very effective regime for entrepreneurs to protect their rights to any innovation, as, unlike patenting, it is not limited in time and does not disclose the essence of the innovation. The article considers a special object of intellectual property rights «know-how» from the point of view of its management as a component of the intangible assets of an enterprise, namely, its identification; criteria to be met by the results of intellectual activity in the know-how mode; substantiation of the possibility of registration as part of intangible assets in the legislation of Ukraine; the advantages and disadvantages of protecting the results of intellectual activity in the know-how regime in comparison with other regimes, which is important for making management decisions; approaches to assessing the value of this object. The most famous and successful examples of the results protection of intellectual activity in the know-how mode in the world are considered. The legislative acts of Ukraine, which contain the definition of know-how, are presented. A generalized definition of this concept is given.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE FINANCIAL MECHANISM FOR PROVIDING THE STATE GUARANTEES OF POPULATION MEDICAL SERVICE: FOREIGN PRACTICE
Authors:   National University “Odesa Polytechnic”, KARPENKO Lidiia
Published: March 2022

Scientific research consists of substantiation and development of conceptual foundations and recommendations for the development of a financial mechanism for providing state guarantees of medical care to the population based on foreign practice. The paper substantiates the relevance of building an effective financial mechanism for ensuring state guarantees of medical care for the population for the Ukrainian medical sphere is: the need to reform the healthcare system in Ukraine; changing the paradigm of financing the medical industry; financing of the medical industry is experiencing critical problems; catastrophic situation in ensuring the provision of specialized and highly specialized inpatient care; imperfection of mechanisms for ensuring financing of the health care system of Ukraine. In this work, the author examines in detail the features of the three main models of healthcare at the global level, classifies the healthcare systems of leading countries according to three main models, systematizes in tabular form the practice of six countries – Israel, Sweden, France, the USA, Great Britain Germany, in which these models received the most bright embodiment. The aim of the work consist of studding the general principles of financing models and organization of the health care system in the coordinates of globalization changes and European integration; analysis and characterization of the financial mechanism that provides state guarantees in the field of medical care Applied aspects are based on the systematization of the instrumental base for modelling the financial mechanism for providing state guarantees of medical care to the population, taking into account foreign experience. In the work, the author analyzed the calculations of the ratio of costs and indicators of the effectiveness of the health care system in 2020, the analytical dependence of average life expectancy on per capita expenditures in the health sector, % of GDP. The analysis carried out on the selected research issues provides a conceptual basis for the formation of an effective financial mechanism for budget policy in Ukraine to ensure state guarantees of medical care for the population; forms a platform for the development of macroeconomic stabilization policy. The prospects for further research are the improvement of the issues of the mechanism for the effective functioning of the public sector and the implementation of integrated management analysis.
ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPETITIVENESS OF UKRAINE AND THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE POPULATION
Authors: CHEREP Oleksandr , KURDUPA Valeriya ,   Zaporizhzhia National University
Published: March 2022

International competition is a multifaceted market economic category that reflects the struggle of civilizations, regions, countries, global complexes and specialized industries, global and multinational companies, financial institutions and other actors in the global space for competitive advantage. The concept of international competitiveness is often used in the analysis of macroeconomic indicators of countries. It allows you to compare for the country and its trading partners, a number of significant economic characteristics that can help explain international trends in international trade. This concept includes, first of all, qualitative factors or factors that cannot be quantified. The high level of national competition determines the growing opportunities to attract investment to the country, technology transfer, expand market presence and sign new trade contracts for any country. Conversely, low ratings and feedback are indicators of underestimation by governments and the need to stimulate the improvement of the national environment. This can push companies to fight for markets. It is impossible to overcome the coverage of the problem without a detailed study of the concept of competitiveness and assessment of the main factors of the indicator. Competitiveness is one of the main indicators of state development. The problem of Ukraine’s low level of competitiveness is quite relevant. It is characterized by low living standards, socio-political atmosphere in the country, the state and level of development of the financial system and production efficiency. The article examines the current level of competitiveness of the country and the quality of life of the population, formed the essence of this concept and identified its main quantitative characteristics, analyzed the potential of Ukraine for the future. This study analyzes the main features of the Ukrainian economy and its place against the background of the international economy on the basis of the world competitiveness rating. The main indices are considered, namely: the Ease of doing business index, the index of economic freedom in the country (Index of Economic Freedom) and The Human Development Index and the Investment Privatization. However, ways to increase Ukraine’s competitive position in the international arena are proposed.
EQUITY MANAGEMENT OF MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS COMPANIES
Authors: YEPIFANOVA Iryna , DZHEDZHULA Viacheslav , MOTRUK Denys ,   Vinnytsia National Technical University
Published: March 2022

In modern conditions, the issue of reorientation of companies to market financing is relevant, one of which is the mobilization of resources based on attracting investment in exchange for corporate rights issued by legal entities. Despite the large volume of equity management publications, it is important to assess the state of equity management in mobile businesses. In the process of managing own capital as a source of investment and development of the enterprise is very important to analyze the effectiveness of its formation and use, which is the basis for determining ways to increase the level of competitiveness. The purpose of this article is to formulate proposals for improving the management of equity in mobile enterprises. The article systematizes the approaches to determining the nature of equity, which characterizes the total value of the company’s assets owned and used by it to form a certain part of assets. The efficiency of equity management of mobile communication enterprises is analyzed on the example of PJSC “Kyivstar”. PJSC “Kyivstar” provides services in the field of Internet, international communications, financial services, messaging, geolocation, services that help save, basic services of the mobile operator. PJSC “Kyivstar” is one of the largest telecommunications companies in Ukraine, which offers a wide range of services in the field of wireless communications. The analysis showed that the company should take measures to improve the management of equity, as PJSC “Kyivstar” depends on external sources of funding, the company has no working capital, low return on equity. PJSC Kyivstar is experiencing a decrease in equity due to a reduction in registered capital and retained earnings. Retained earnings account for the largest share of the company’s equity (almost 90%). To improve the efficiency of Kyivstar PJSC’s equity use, it is necessary to reduce the number of costs and focus on improving revenues and the quality of services provided.
ANALYSIS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTHCARE INSTITUTIONS AS A FUNCTION OF THE MANAGEMENT OF THEIR SYSTEMIC DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Ivano-Frankivsk Educational and Scientific Institute of TNEU, BILETSKA Iryna
Published: March 2022

The article investigates the problems of innovative development of enterprises in modern conditions of management and competition. The urgency of improving the innovative management of health care facilities is indicated. It is concluded that the current methodological approaches to the analysis of innovation activities of enterprises are insufficient and they need further improvement. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the new methodological and applied principles of analyzing the innovative activities of health care institutions in the context of improving control as a function of management of their further development. Leading methods of evaluation of innovation activity, innovation potential and innovative development of enterprises are generalized. The components and indicators of evaluation of innovative development of health care institutions are determined. An algorithm for comprehensive assessment of innovative development of health care facilities has been developed. The peculiarities of the management of innovative development of health care institutions have been identified, among which the risk of making a wrong management decision is increased; availability of a differentiated institutional and legal basis for regulating the innovation sphere for enterprises providing medical services; strategic focus of enterprises on the development of service and product innovations; limited state support for innovation; the presence of risks of leakage of information containing trade secrets. The applied significance of the research results lies in the qualitative and thorough analysis of innovation activity, and, consequently, the adoption of more informed management decisions for their further development. The scientific novelty of the research results is the further development of methods for analyzing the innovative development of health care facilities as one of the basic functions of their management.
COMPETITIVENESS OF THE ENTERPRISE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, TKACHENKO Ivan , SHARKO Vitalii ,   Vinnytsia Institute оf Trade and Ecоnоmics SUTE
Published: March 2022

The paper analyzes the methods and main stages of digitization of business processes of an industrial enterprise. The main segments of the digital economy have been identified and the conceptual strategic map of an industrial enterprise has been improved. The authors found that digitalization has the greatest impact on such components of business processes of industrial enterprises as: interaction with customers, cost and internal infrastructure management. Digitalization of industry is an integral part of the National Economic Strategy. This requires the tran-formation of traditional business processes of industrial enterprises, analysis of the components of digitalization, determining the stages of its implementation, development of recommendations for planning and systematization of digitalization processes. Purpose. Identify and describe the elements of digitalization of business processes of industrial enterprises, methods and procedure for implementing digitalization measures in modern conditions, to develop successive stages of business process transformation, to propose a method that will allow to systematize measures for business process transformation. Research methods. In the process of research the economic method was used to study the trends of industry digitalization, the method of system analysis was used to identify the struc tural elements of the digitization of business processes. We used methods of comparison, analogy and systematization, a comprehensive review of academic literature. Research results. The main elements of digital transformations are considered: work with clients, operational business processes and business models of the enterprise and their characteristic is resulted. The methods and main stages of digitalization of business processes of an industrial enterprise are analyzed. It is determined that the methodology of digitalization of business processes of the enterprise is based on the basic concepts of information systems that have evolved. Digitalization has the greatest impact on such components of business processes as: interaction with customers, value proposition and internal infrastructure management. The most common elements of the integrated information environment used by industrial enterprises to automate all business processes are described. Recommendations. The practical value of the article is to structure the elements of business digitalization, which will allow companies to systematically approach the transformation of business processes. Industrial enterprises are invited to develop maps of digital transformations, which will allow concentrating resources on the most promising areas of development.
SOME ASPECTS OF FINANCIAL ANALYSIS ACCORDING TO REPORTING INDICATORS
Authors: HARAKOZ Lilya , FELONIUK Olha ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: March 2022

An important characteristic of the functioning of any economy is its stability, which expresses the ability of the economic system of the country to resist, adapt and recover from the effects of negative external influences. Timely response of the system to the changes taking place can help reduce the severity of the crisis situation and increase its resilience. The aim of the work is to study the definition of theoretical aspects of the stability of the economic system and the disclosure of factors that affect it. The article reveals the concept of system as a general scientific concept, which is defined as a set of interconnected and properly arranged elements of a particular holistic formation. The concept of economic system is defined as a set of interconnected and appropriately ordered elements of the economy that form a certain integrity, the economic structure of society, which has a common goal. The views of various scholars on the interpretation of the concept of sustainability are analyzed, and a generalized definition is established as the ability of the system to independently maintain balance between the components of the internal environment under the influence of external influences. The groups of systemic stability, which are inherent in socio-economic regional systems, have been studied. Factors that may affect the economic stability of systems are considered. It was found that the task of maintaining the stability of the system is to use the complex interdependence of various factors and processes, to launch mechanisms of self-organization and bring the system on the trajectory of sustainable operation and development. Assessing the impact of factors on the stability of the economic system can be done using the analysis of indicators that relate to both external and internal environment. Alan Limited Liability Company was selected to carry out the analysis of industrial economic stability. Based on the data of the financial statements, the calculation of stability at the enterprise level was carried out and the level of probability of bankruptcy of the considered company was investigated. The authors’ opinion on the transformation of Ukraine’s economic model from export-oriented to foreign-sustainable is studied, for which one of the steps should be the development and implementation of the State Strategy for Internal Market Development.
Profiling the Wellbeing of Residents in Peri-urban Villages and Rural Communities
Authors: Abayomi Popoola Ayobami , Magidimisha-Chipungu Hangwelani Hope , Chipungu Lovemore
Published: April 2022

Financial income and household status are common yardsticks for defining household living conditions and wellbeing. The study examined the livelihood conditions of selected peri-urban villages and rural communities in the Southwestern region of Nigeria. The triangulation of methods which included four hundred and seventy-two (472) household questionnaires survey provided a thematic understanding of the study area. This study termed many villages as “Few Excluded among the Commonly Excluded”. The study argues that rather than urbanisation positively improving households; financial situation within the peri-urban areas in the State; evidence from sampled communities reveals a negative income and poverty profile effect. Likewise, distance was a predictor of credit access among rural households. This study concludes that capital and income flight due to urban infrastructure demand is common among rural households.
Antracnose do cajueiro: etiologia, sintomatologia e aspectos epidemiológicos
Authors: Veloso Josiene Silva , Duarte Ingrid Gomes , Farias Otília Ricardo de , Câmara Marcos Paz Saraiva
Published: March 2022

Anthracnose is the most destructive fungal disease on aerial parts of cashew trees. In this review, we addressed the current taxonomy of Colletotrichum species that infect cashew trees in Brazil, as well as their geographic distribution and epidemiological aspects of anthracnose. For a long time, cashew anthracnose was attributed exclusively to C. gloeosporioides, but recent studies revealed at least seven Colletotrichum species as responsible for this disease in cashew trees in Brazil. Among the identified species, C. siamense was the most frequent, occurring in all geographic regions on both cultivated and wild cashew trees. The optimal temperatures for mycelial growth and conidial germination of Colletotrichum spp. ranged between 25–30 C and 27–37 °C, respectively. The wide host range of Colletotrichum species associated to cashew plants constitutes a serious problem for anthracnose management, which is usually focused on chemical control. To a lesser or greater extent, Colletotrichum species were sensitive to azoxystrobin, difenoconazole and thiophanate-methyl. The correct identification of the Colletotrichum species responsible for anthracnose is essential to understand their interactions with the environmental factors that influence the epidemiology of the disease in different hosts, as well as for the improvement of disease control strategies and plant breeding programs aimed to find resistant crop varieties.
An Association Between Saturated Fatty Acid-Containing Phosphatidylcholine in Cerebrospinal Fluid with Tau Phosphorylation
Authors: Solomon Victoria , Hafez Madonna , Xian Haotian , Harrington Michael G. , Fonteh Alfred , Yassine Hussein N.
Published: April 2022

Background: Mechanistic studies in animal models implicate a role for saturated fatty acids in neurodegeneration, but validation of this finding in human studies is still lacking. Objective: We investigated how cerebrospinal levels of sphingomyelins (SM) and phosphatidylcholine (PC)-containing saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids associate with total tau and phosphorylated tau (p-tau). Methods: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lipids were measured in two cohorts, a discovery and a confirmation cohort of older non-demented individuals from the University of Southern California and Huntington Medical Research Institutes cohorts. Lipid analysis was performed using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography, and individual PC and SM lipid species were measured using tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, CSF levels of Aβ42, total tau, and p-tau-181 were measured using an MSD multiplex assay. Results: The discovery cohort (n = 47) consisted of older individuals and more females compared to the confirmation cohort (n = 46). Notwithstanding the age and gender differences, and a higher p-tau, Aβ42, and LDL-cholesterol in the discovery cohort, CSF concentrations of dipalmitoyl-PC (PC32a:0) were significantly associated with p-tau in both cohorts. Similarly, total saturated PC but not mono or polyunsaturated PCs correlated with p-tau concentrations in both cohorts. Conclusion: Saturated PC species in CSF associate with early markers of neurodegeneration and are potential early disease progression biomarkers. We propose mechanisms by which saturated PC may promote tau hyperphosphorylation.
Characterization of Alzheimer’s Disease Subtypes Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Perfusion Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography
Authors: Hanyu Haruo , Koyama Yumi , Horita Haruka , Aoki Toshinori , Sato Tomohiko , Takenoshita Naoto , Kanetaka Hidekazu , Shimizu Soichiro , Hirao Kentaro , Watanabe Sadayoshi
Published: April 2022

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a biologically heterogenous disease. Previous studies have reported the existence of various AD subtypes, and the various clinical features of the subtypes. However, inconsistent results have been obtained. Objective: To clarify the clinical characteristics of the various AD subtypes, by classifying probable AD into subtypes based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) findings. Methods: A total of 245 patients with probable AD were classified into the typical AD (TAD) subtype, limbic-predominant (LP) subtype, hippocampal-sparing (HS) subtype, and minimal-change (MC) subtype, based on the presence of medial temporal lobe atrophy on MRI and posterior cerebral hypoperfusion on SPECT. Demographics, including age, sex, body mass index, disease duration, education years, comorbidities, frailty, leisure activity, and neuropsychological findings were compared between the AD subtypes. Results: he frequency of TAD, LP, HS, and MC subtypes was 49%, 20%, 18%, and 13%, respectively. Patients with the LP subtype were older and characterized by fewer major comorbidities, higher frailty, and slower progression of disease. Patients with the HS subtype were younger and characterized by shorter disease duration, lower frailty, and preserved memory, but had prominent constructional dysfunction. Patients of the MC subtype were characterized by shorter disease duration, lower education level, less leisure activity, less impaired memory and orientation, and slower progression. Conclusion: Patients with different AD subtypes differed in their demographic and clinical features. The characterization of patients’ AD subtypes may provide effective support for the diagnosis, treatment, and care of AD patients.
Five Major Psychiatric Disorders and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wei Tao , Guo Zheng , Wang Zhibin , Li Cancan , Zhu Wei , Zheng Yulu , Yin Yunsi , Mi Yingxin , Xia Xinyi , Hou Haifeng , Tang Yi
Published: April 2022

Background: Extensive studies put forward the association between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and psychiatric disorders; however, it remains unclear whether these associations are causal. Objective: We aimed to assess the potential causal relationship between major psychiatric disorders and AD. Methods: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was applied to evaluate potential causality between five psychiatric disorders and AD by selecting the single-nucleotide polymorphisms from the genome-wide association studies as instrumental variables. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analyzing approach to estimate possible causal effects, alternative methods including MR-Egger, the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier, and leave-one-out analysis method were implemented as sensitivity analyzing approaches to ensure the robustness of results. Results: All forward and reverse MR analyses consistently suggested absent causal relations between psychiatric disorders and AD risk [forward IVW: ORADHD, 1.030, 95% CI, 0.908–1.168, p = 0.674; ORanxiety disorders, 0.904, 95% CI, 0.722–1.131, p = 0.377; ORASD, 0.973, 95% CI, 0.746–1.272, p = 0.846; ORBIP, 1.033, 95% CI, 0.925–1.153, p = 0.564; and ORschizophrenia, 1.039, 95% CI, 0.986–1.095, p = 0.156; reverse IVW: ORADHD, 0.993, 95% CI, 0.954–1.034, p = 0.746; ORanxiety disorders, 1.000, 95% CI, 0.999–1.000, p = 0.898; ORASD, 1.001, 95% CI, 0.962–1.042, p = 0.949; ORBIP, 0.997, 95% CI, 0.966–1.028, p = 0.831; and ORschizophrenia, 1.013, 95% CI, 0.978–1.051, p = 0.466]. Conclusion: There is no significant evidence supporting the causal association between the five major psychiatric disorders and AD.
Health-related quality of life, Mediterranean diet, physical activity and socioeconomic factors of Greek adolescents during COVID-19: A cross sectional study
Authors: Papadaki Stamatina , Carayanni Vilelmine
Published: April 2022

BACKGROUND: Health related quality of life of the adolescents during quarantine and social isolation potentially decreases, with significant alteration on physical activities and nutrition behaviour. OBJECTIVE: The present study investigates the relationship between Greek adolescents’ health related quality of life and socioeconomic factors, lifestyle and dietary characteristics, along with their adherence to the Mediterranean Diet immediately after the lockdown period in Greece. METHODS: A total sample of 459 students aged 12–16 years old were recruited from secondary schools in the area of Athens. The KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire for children and adolescents, the KIDMED test, the Godin and Shephard Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Family Affluence Scale III, were used for the statistical analysis. T-tests, Kruskal Wallis, Chi-square, Anova tests and multiple regression analyses were employed. RESULTS: Econometric analysis reveals that adolescents’ health related quality of life is higher among boys, adolescents who live with both parents, tend to sleep more during night and do not spend many hours on screen viewing. Also, adolescents with higher family affluence level, being physically active and with a high adherence to the Mediterranean Diet have higher health related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents’ adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, physical activity, socioeconomic characteristics and life style behaviors are highly correlated with perceived health related quality of life during COVID-19 period.
Vascular vertigo and dizziness: Diagnostic criteria
Authors: Kim Ji-Soo , Newman-Toker David E. , Kerber Kevin A. , Jahn Klaus , Bertholon Pierre , Waterston John , Lee Hyung , Bisdorff Alexandre , Strupp Michael
Published: April 2022

This paper presents diagnostic criteria for vascular vertigo and dizziness as formulated by the Committee for the Classification of Vestibular Disorders of the Bárány Society. The classification includes vertigo/dizziness due to stroke or transient ischemic attack as well as isolated labyrinthine infarction/hemorrhage, and vertebral artery compression syndrome. Vertigo and dizziness are among the most common symptoms of posterior circulation strokes. Vascular vertigo/dizziness may be acute and prolonged (≥24 hours) or transient (minutes to  < 24 hours). Vascular vertigo/dizziness should be considered in patients who present with acute vestibular symptoms and additional central neurological symptoms and signs, including central HINTS signs (normal head-impulse test, direction-changing gaze-evoked nystagmus, or pronounced skew deviation), particularly in the presence of vascular risk factors. Isolated labyrinthine infarction does not have a confirmatory test, but should be considered in individuals at increased risk of stroke and can be presumed in cases of acute unilateral vestibular loss if accompanied or followed within 30 days by an ischemic stroke in the anterior inferior cerebellar artery territory. For diagnosis of vertebral artery compression syndrome, typical symptoms and signs in combination with imaging or sonographic documentation of vascular compromise are required.
PYOGENIC “CEREBRAL” BRAIN ABSCESS
Authors: Dahal Dr. Tshetiz
Published: April 2022

Abscesses in the brain have been one of the most challenging wounds, both for surgeons and trainees. It is a packet full of pus of infected material in the part of the brain. It is an important neurological disease and can produce deadly diseases. Since the beginning of the era of computed tomography (CT), the diagnosis and treatment of these organizations has become simpler and less invasive. The results have been improved with the development of diagnostic techniques, neurosurgery, and comprehensive antibiotics. Rare bacterial abscesses are usually caused by the use of chemicals in oncology, longevity in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and immunosuppression associated with organ transplants. Surgical treatment options did not show significant differences in mortality rates, but lower rates of illness were achieved with a stereo-guided curiosity. 

Eager stereo-directed antidepressant, antibiotic-based treatment based on the effects of culture culture, and repeated desires expressed in the results of periodic CT scans appear to be the most appropriate treatment for brain tumors. Immunosuppression and comorbidities, early neurological conditions, and intraventricular fractures were important factors influencing patient outcomes. Traps and mutations in the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors have been discussed in this study.      

KEY WORDS • abscess • abscess in brain • effect • stereotaxy • treatments

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS PAPER
ADC = diffusion coefficient, CHD = congenital heart disease, CNS = central nervous system, CSF = cerebrospinal fluid, DW = diffusion weighted
Promoting Students� Reading Achievement Using Hamburger Strategy
Authors: Pamuji Arief , Sartika Dewi
Published: April 2022

This research aimed to promote the reading achievement of the first STIK Bina Husada Palembang midwifery students using the Hamburger strategy. A quasi-experimental method was used, with a non-equivalent group design for the pretest and posttest. The samples consisted of 38 students from STIK Bina Husada Palembang's first-semester midwifery students. A written test with multiple-choice questions was utilized to collect data. The test was found to be both valid and reliable. The value of t-obtained (5.57) was greater than t-table (2.02) at the significant level of p0.05, according to the results of the independent t-test. It was deduced that the Hamburger strategy could promote students� reading achievement. It meant that the Hamburger strategy could help students improve their reading skills, particularly in recounting text. The Hamburger strategy helped students to stimulate their memory to learn, retain a text, and store information from the text in their long-term memory so that they could remember the information and comprehend the text properly.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ВМІНЬ МОЛОДШИХ ШКОЛЯРІВ СПІВПРАЦЮВАТИ З ІНШИМИ НА УРОКАХ «Я ДОСЛІДЖУЮ СВІТ»
Authors: Сухопара Ірина , Мандибура Інна
Published: March 2022

Уміння молодших школярів співпрацювати з іншими визначено важливою навичкою Нової української школи і розглядається як здатність взаємодіяти разом для досягнення мети, результату спільної діяльності, обмінюючись інформацією, виявляючи активність, ініціативу, творчість, взаємовідповідальність, взаємопідтримку, взаємодовіру. Для формування таких умінь важливим є: створення мотивації; ознайомлення і засвоєння правил успішної спільної роботи; оволодіння вміннями співпраці в практичній діяльності; розвиток емоційної сфери, емоційного інтелекту молодших школярів. Спостереження, досліди, екскурсії, проекти, ігри, ситуації, ранкові зустрічі як основні форми організації вивчення інтегрованого курсу «Я досліджую світ» вимагають спільної роботи школярів, у ході якої формуються вміння співпрацювати з іншими.
ФОРМУВАННЯ УМІНЬ РОЗВ’ЯЗУВАННЯ ЗАДАЧ НА РУХ В УЧНІВ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ ЗА ДОПОМОГОЮ КОМІКСІВ
Authors: Руденко Ніна , Калашник Оксана , Дмітрієва Анастасія , Широков Денис
Published: March 2022

У статті подано визначення основним дефініціям: математична задача, сюжетна задача, задача на рух, комікс, е-ресурси для створення коміксів. Проаналізовано вітчизняний та зарубіжний досвід застосування коміксів в початковій школі на уроках математики; наведено приклад застосування коміксу на уроках математики та обґрунтовується необхідність використання нових підходів у процесі навчання математики в початковій школі. Відображено практичні аспекти застосування коміксів на уроках математики в початковій школі, а саме: наведено фрагмент уроку математики в початковій школі за допомогою коміксу на е-платформі Comic Master та Pixton.
CHARACTERISTICS AND SOCIO-PRODUCTIVE PROBLEMS OF WOMEN MEZCAL PRODUCERS IN OAXACA, MEXICO
Authors: Sánchez Gómez Julia , Pardo Núñez Joaliné , Cuevas Reyes Venancio , Romero Romero Yair
Published: April 2022

Objective: To analyze the characteristics and socio-productive problems of women mezcal producers of Oaxaca, Mexico.
Design/methodology/approach: A semi-structured interview was applied in the field to n=20 women mezcal producers to obtain the data for this study.
Results: The interviewees are middle-aged adult women with an elementary education level and a wide experience in the production of mezcal. Among them, 35% make all decisions in their business and at home. The main problems that they perceive in this activity are the price of mezcal (35%) and the shortage of agave (30%). Women face social limitations such as work overload at home, a lack of financial aids for production, and little involvement in rural organizations.
Study limitations/implications: More studies about women mezcal producers in Oaxaca should be conducted.
Findings/conclusions: Collective work and organization could be alternatives for women mezcal producers to improve their and their families’ benefits and quality of life. Public policies with a gender perspective should be designed to meet the needs of women who participate in mezcal production.
Diseño de identidad y campaña de comunicación para la formación de un colectivo social que alerte sobre la larga permanencia de menores de edad en Centros de Acogida Residencial de Lima
Authors: Aponte Ruidias Juan Pablo Miguel
Published: April 2022

En el presente artículo se desarrolla el diseño de la identidad y la campaña de comunicación para la formación de un colectivo social que alerte sobre el desinterés hacia la situación de niñas, niños y adolescentes institucionalizados, quienes cumplen una excesiva permanencia en Centros de Acogida Residencial (CAR) de Lima, contexto que no permite su desarrollo integral. Se realizó una investigación que incluyó cuatro entrevistas a funcionarias del Ministerio de la Mujer y Poblaciones Vulnerables (MIMP), institución responsable de los CAR, además de encuestas a 660 jóvenes y adultos, identificando 96% que confirmaba indiferencia hacia el tema y 52% que normalizaba que los menores pasen más de un año internados. Ante la necesidad de una sociedad más involucrada, se diseñó la identidad de marca y campaña de comunicación para la formación de un colectivo social virtual llamado Alarma Maraña, el cual informe y alerte sobre el entrampamiento que evita que los menores vuelvan a desarrollarse en una familia. El trabajo ha profundizado en la posibilidad de sensibilizar a la sociedad a través de las herramientas y estrategias de la comunicación visual, alcanzando a más de 1 500 personas y despertando el interés de personajes públicos hacia el problema investigado y la formación del colectivo.
Evaluation of the Probiotic Potential of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. indicus WDS-7 Isolated from Chinese Traditional Fermented Buffalo Milk In Vitro
Authors: Wu Changjun , Dai Chenwei , Tong Lin , Lv Han , Zhou Xiuhong
Published: April 2022

The present study aimed to evaluate the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Chinese traditional fermented buffalo milk. Out of 22 isolates, 11 were putatively identified as LAB preliminarily. A total of six LAB strains displayed strong adhesion to HT-29 cells and all these strains showed preferable tolerance to artificially simulated gastrointestinal juices. WDS-4, WDS-7, and WDS-18 exhibited excellent antioxidant capacities, including DPPH radical, ABTS+ radical, and superoxide anion scavenging activities. Compared with the other two LAB strains, WDS-7 had a stronger inhibition effect on four pathogens. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis, WDS-7 was identified as Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. indicus and selected to assess the potential and safety of probiotics further. The results revealed that WDS-7 strain had a strong capacity for acid production and good thermal stability. WDS-7 strain also possessed bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity. Compared to LGG, WDS-7 was a greater biofilm producer on the plastic surface and exhibited a better EPS production ability (1.94 mg/ml as a glucose equivalent). WDS-7 was proved to be sensitive in the majority of tested antibiotics and absence of hemolytic activity. Moreover, no production of biogenic amines and β-glucuronidase was observed in WDS-7. The findings of this work indicated that L. delbrueckii ssp. indicus WDS-7 fulfilled the probiotic criteria in vitro and could be exploited for further evaluation in vivo.
Biochemical and Anatomical Characteristics of Basmati And Non-basmati Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) For Resistance To Foot Rot
Authors: Chhabra Rohit , Kaur Nirmaljit , Bala Anju
Published: March 2022

Fusarium fujikuroi, the causal agent of foot rot disease, infects all the parts of rice, causing serious yield losses in different parts of the world. In order to understand the basis of disease tolerance, various biochemical and anatomical traits of ten days old healthy and infected basmati and non-basmati rice seedlings were compared. Total soluble sugar content was higher in healthy seedlings, while total phenols, orthodihydroxy phenols and total soluble proteins were higher in non-basmati rice seedlings post infection indicating the initiation of defence against the pathogen. Increase in the total antioxidant activity, enzymes and α-tocopherols in basmati rice cultivars post infection indicate the oxidative stress created by pathogen. Histopathological observations revealed hyphal and conidial growth in infected tissues of basmati cultivars whereas a complete and intact tissue was observed in healthy and infected counterparts of non-basmati cultivars.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 51(1): 29-36, 2022 (March)