bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural functional parameters of the heart in patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation in the presence of pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Zemlianiy Yaroslav , Syvolap Victor
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Acute Myocardial Infarction with ST-Segment Elevation (STEMI) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Pulmonary hypertension (LH) occurs in various clinical conditions, including diseases of the left half of the heart.

Objective: To evaluate the structural and functional features of the heart in ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) of the left ventricular wall (LV) in the presence of pulmonary hypertension (PH).

Materials and Methods: The study involved 87 patients (48 men and 37 women) with STEMI who were treated in intensive care and emergency cardiology department of the "City hospital and emergency ambulance" Zaporizhia city council. Patients were divided into two groups: 51 patients with STEMI in the presence of PH (mean age 69,30 ± 2,34 years), 36 patients with STEMI without PH (mean age 65,20 ± 2,02 years).

Results: Evaluation of the structural and functional features of LV showed that in patients with STEMI with PH compared to patients with STEMI without PH there was a significant decrease in EF (by 25.6%; p <0.05), increase in MMILV by 17.6%; p <0.05) and LVDs (by 13.3%; p <0.05). In patients with PH, the diameter of LA was 12.9% higher than in patients without PH (p <0.05).

In the study of LV diastolic function using pulsed Doppler revealed that in patients with STEMI with PH there is a significant acceleration of MVE (by 32,3%; p <0.05) and increasing in the ratio of MV E/A (by 63,4%, p <0,05) compared with patients without PH. 

Conclusions: In patients with STEMI pulmonary hypertension develops against the background of dilatation of  the left ventricles of the heart with the formation of eccentric hypertrophy and systolic LV dysfunction. In patients with STEMI and PH we found an overload of the right ventricles of the heart with increasing size of the right ventricle and right atrium.
Fetal scalp electrode use
Authors: Tooke-Marchant Jennifer
Published: June 2022

Fetal scalp electrodes are a common intervention in the UK, in circumstances where monitoring via an abdominal transducer is ineffective. However, there are cases in which a fetal scalp electrode does not ensure continuous transmission of the fetal heart rate, and its application and continued presence can cause distress and discomfort to the birthing person. Research reveals that fetal scalp electrodes are associated with neonatal morbidity and mortality, as well as maternal infection. Given the limitations of continuous fetal monitoring, the author posits that the use of these devices should only occur with clear clinical indications and fully informed consent from the birthing person.
Future clinical academic midwife
Authors: Folliard Kelda J
Published: June 2022

Clinical academic career pathways for nurses, midwives and allied health professionals are a strategic priority for NHS England, and there has been significant investment in the National Institute of Health Research integrated clinical academic programme for non-medical healthcare professionals. Nurses, midwives and allied health professionals face numerous barriers to successfully building a clinical academic career. For those outside the integrated clinical academic programme, clinical academic career approaches are varied and often driven by individual practitioners rather than robust organisational processes or strategy. The vision of ‘future midwife’ is that midwives maximise opportunities in research and scholarship. However, there is little clarity about how these academic aspirations may be supported. This reflective lived experience discussion paper explores key issues around clinical academic midwifery careers, including how space for clinical academic midwives can be assured and the steps midwives can take to start to develop this rewarding and important career.
Fetal alcohol screening and ethics
Authors: Winter George F
Published: June 2022

George F Winter explores maternal alcohol consumption and the moral and clinical influences that govern advice on drinking alcohol during pregnancy
Podcasts: supporting digital learning
Authors: Bedford Helen
Published: June 2022

Helen Bedford outlines the value of these accessible learning resources and shares current examples within midwifery, maternity and healthcare
A global approach to skin health and rejuvenation
Authors: Varga Rachel
Published: June 2022

Non-surgical facial and body rejuvenation continues to gain popularity globally as a low downtime option for restoring facial volume, improving skin tone, texture, collagen and hydration levels and reducing facial hyperpigmentation and photodamage while also offering enhancements through facial balance and symmetry using non-surgical interventions. It is important to take into consideration that today's modern patient is becoming more discerning and aware of various options available in the medical aesthetics world; however, it is important that providers employ a treatment algorithm for the safest enhancement and optimal outcomes. This article will provide a framework for the clinician to guide the patient in first laying the foundation for healthy skin practices, the gradual introduction of energy-based rejuvenation and, lastly, offering facial injectables only when necessary so as to promote a holistic, balanced and safer approach to optimal facial rejuvenation.
RESEARCH ROUNDUP
Authors: MCGLOIN Claudia
Published: June 2022

In this regular feature, aesthetic nurse Claudia McGloin presents a brief synopsis of a range of recently published articles on medical aesthetics. Research roundup aims to provide an overview, rather than a detailed summary and critique, of the papers selected. Should you wish to look at any of the papers in more detail, a full reference is provided at the end of each study summary
When two worlds collide
Authors: Recchia Mel
Published: June 2022

Mel Recchia discusses the point where healthcare meets commercial gain in medical aesthetics and reminds readers of the need to resist succumbing to reduced prices in their business
Setting out a vision for strategic action: the next steps
Authors: Sines David
Published: June 2022

Professor David Sines sets out a shared narrative and call to action
Paramedic decision-making and the influence of bias: a case study
Authors: Tory David (Spud) , Darby Iain
Published: June 2022

Background:

Prehospital clinical decision-making is a complex, evolving skill. Typically, there are multiple possible diagnoses and several potential treatment pathways to be considered, and usually prehospital clinicians have to base their decisions on imperfect information. Biases will inevitably compete to influence clinicians as they attempt to weigh the probabilities of diagnoses, degrees of certainty and permissible risks in their decision-making process. With experience, as intuition and tacit knowledge develop, paramedics will depend less on explicit knowledge and algorithm-based decision-making tools. Paramedics must strive to strike the right balance between the intuitive and analytical aspects of clinical decision-making, while maintaining an awareness of the human factors that will influence them in this process if optimal clinical decisions and therefore patient outcomes are to be achieved. This case study illustrates complex decision-making in the prehospital setting, with a focus on the influence of bias.
Innovations in preoperative control of exsanguination in major trauma
Authors: Williamson Andrew
Published: June 2022

Exsanguination places a considerable strain on trauma systems worldwide, and is estimated to be involved in 20–40% of trauma deaths. This article evaluates innovations in the preoperative care of the injured patient to minimise the impact of bleeding. These include reform of organisations and structure of trauma networks, adoption of objective prehospital triage tools and changes in ambulance crews' approach to on-scene interventions. Developments of methods to mechanically control these bleeds—simple tourniquets, topical haemostatics developed in military settings and endovascular interventions such as resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta—are also analysed. This article has examined advancements in damage control resuscitation, including a possible future shift towards whole-blood transfusion and interventional radiology for primary haemorrhage control. Finally, a potential further development—the uptake of hybrid resuscitation suites—is examined.
Prehospital management of sickle cell crisis: a case report
Authors: Davies Jack Alan Llewelin
Published: June 2022

Sickle cell disease (SCD) covers a group of inherited conditions that affect the red blood cells. It can cause episodes of intense pain called sickle cell crises. This case study outlines a 10-year-old boy's first presentation of sickle cell crisis. The patient presents with typical sickle cell crisis pain in joints that is exacerbated by movement and related to strenuous physical exercise in the cold. This pain is caused by the sickled red blood cells occluding the microvasculature, causing tissue ischaemia. SCD is a serious disease and requires early recognition through robust clinical assessment to reduce the potential for fatality, complications and morbidity. Understanding the pathology of disease ensures paramedics work appropriately, using their knowledge to identify a patient with SCD and using skills to inform practice. Initiating the correct treatment is paramount in reducing the likelihood of fatal complications.
The outcome of transferring patients positive for COVID-19 from hospitals to care homes
Authors: Finch John
Published: June 2022

On 27 April 2022 the Divisional Court of the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court ruled that the Government committed an unlawful act in the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic when it directed that thousands of hospital patients should be transferred to care homes without being checked for infection. This direction was a response to the massive pressure on hospital beds caused by the unexpected onset and rapid spread of the virus. John Finch examines the circumstances which led to this decision being made and the reasons why the courts ruled it as unlawful.
How to choose a digital care management system
Authors: Ellis Peter
Published: June 2022

With a fairly crowded marketplace, and with a variety of small, medium and large providers, it is hard to know where to start and what to look for when choosing a digital care management system. The aim of this article is to help care service managers ask the right questions, as well as providing some examples of what care service managers should be looking for when looking at digital care management systems for the first time, or when planning a change from one digital system to another.
L’educazione sportiva dell’élites nell’Italia liberale: il ruolo dell’Istituto nazionale per l’incremento dell’educazione fisica (1906-1923)
Authors: Elia Domenico Francesco Antonio
Published: June 2022

The current research focuses on the development of urban elites in Italy at the beginning of the 20th century. Between 1906 and 1923 the National Institute for the Increase of Physical Education aimed at involving the leading groups of Italian cities in the promotion of physical activities by setting up local Committees. Thus, the goal of this study is to evaluate to what extent the Institute founded by jurist Luigi Lucchini contributed to integrate local élites with the system of sport and gymnastics values promoted at national level by State institutions such as school and army. The research extends to the topic of elites’ education the methodology outlined by Camurri (2009). The author argues that researchers should focus on all those processes that contributed to link central and local political institutions in order to point out bilateral influences existing between the 19th and 20th centuries. According to Camurri, a full understanding of Italian political and social history must analyse a variety of central-local relations. This article investigates the role of the National Institute for the Increase of Physical Education as it emerges from the correspondence between its central offices and local Committees and the magazine of the Institute. The letters analysed have been collected in local Archives, whereas the magazine was published between 1907 and 1912. As a provisional conclusion, the article provides evidence of how important further research on the education processes of Italian elites could be, as stated by Gaudio (2018, p. 9).
New Russian Academic Journals and Yearbooks about the History of Pedagogy and Education in Russia (2003-2019)
Authors: Caroli Dorena , Kornetov Grigorij , Ivanova Svetlana , Utkin Anatolii
Published: June 2022

This article aims to present some new academic journals on the history of pedagogy and education published in Russia today. These journals were mainly founded after 2003, and, since then, have been contributing to a substantial revival in the field of the history of education and pedagogy. This paper is divided into five parts. The introduction presents some major changes that have occurred in the history of education and pedagogy in post-Communist Russia since the end of the 20th century until the first decades of the 21st century. The three following parts, each divided into two sections, are dedicated to one of the most important Yearbooks and to the two main Russian academic journals, in particular to their institutional connections and evolution over the last decades: The History of Pedagogy Yearbook (IPE) (1.a); The History of Education Journal (IPZ) (2.a); National and Foreign Pedagogy (OZP) (3.a). These journals are published, respectively, by the Academy of Public Administration (Moscow) (1.b); the Nizhnii Tagil State Social Pedagogical Institute/the Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University (Ekaterinburg) (2.b); and the Institute for Strategy of Education Development of the Russian Academy of Education (Moscow) (3.b). The conclusion will also provide an overview of other relevant academic journals which have contributed to the history of education by publishing both monographic issues and individual articles. Finally, this article highlights major scientific achievements in the field, yielding rich, intensive and promising new historiographical discoveries.
Quietly Contesting the Hegemony of the Catholic Clergy in Secondary Schooling in Ireland: The Case of the Catholic Lay Secondary Schools from Independence in 1922 to the early 1970s
Authors: O'Donoghue Tom , O'Doherty Teresa
Published: June 2022

From the time of Irish independence in 1922 until the mid-1960s, a cohort of small, lay-run Catholic secondary schools operated in Ireland. They functioned to fill a gap that had existed in the network of Catholic clergy- and religious order-run secondary schools and catered for the minority of the population attending the majority of the secondary schools in the country. The (Catholic) Church authorities, who monopolised secondary school education and resented the intrusion of other parties into what they considered to be their sacred domain in this regard, only tolerated the establishment of lay-run schools in districts where it was not anxious to provide schools itself. This indicated the preference of the Church for educating the better-off in Irish society as the districts in question were mostly very deprived economically. The paper details the origins, growth and development of the lay-owned Catholic secondary schools. The attitude of the Church to their existence is then considered. The third part of the paper focuses on a particular set of lay schools established amongst what had been, for a long time, one of the most neglected areas in Ireland in terms of secondary school provision by the Catholic Church, namely, the Irish-speaking districts in the remote and impoverished areas in the north-west, west, south-west and south of the country, which were officially called the Gaeltacht districts.
La investigación sobre la historia de la inspección de educación en España. Balance y perspectivas
Authors: Castán Esteban José Luis
Published: June 2022

With this work on the history of the education inspection in Spain, we set two objectives. On the one hand, compile and evaluate the historiographical production made up to the present. On the other, to raise new topics and research perspectives for future education historians. Most of the historical works on inspection have been written in the last thirty years. Many dedicated to a specific period of history, especially in relation to the Second Republic or Franco, others with a geographical demarcation. But more extensive research has also been carried out, where it has been studied how the inspection has been affected by the changes made in your organization, or its role in the implementation of certain educational policies.
Educar para la democracia: la formación docente como proyecto político para la transformación cultural (Córdoba-Argentina, 1941-1943)
Authors: Camaño Semprini Rebeca
Published: June 2022

In a decade characterized in Argentina by electoral fraud and restrictions on political freedoms, in the province of Córdoba the most progressive radicalism repeatedly promoted educational reform based on secularism and the principles of the New School, which involved a substantial transformation of the educational system based on democratic pedagogy. The resistance by clericalism and the lack of consensus within the radical party itself thwarted this proposal, so it was decided to transform the cultural and professional training of teachers through the creation of the Provincial Superior Normal School. In this article we analyse what set this initiative in motion, as well as the profile of the officials who directed it and the type of teachers who sought to train under it. We show that this experience was a cultural and political commitment by the provincial government that sought to transform the primary schools of Córdoba under the principles of the Escolanovistas, through the formation of an advance guard of teachers and citizens imbued with the values of democracy, freedom and social commitment. Badly damaged by the coup d’état of 1943, this experience sought to transform not only education but also the provincial and national reality. To reconstruct these processes, we combined the reading of specialized references with analysis of diverse sources, in particular legislative debates, provincial press, memoirs and governmental dispositions.
La educación desde la cuna: psicología y orden social en la puericultura argentina (1934-1955)
Authors: Briolotti Ana Soledad
Published: June 2022

El artículo analiza el campo de la puericultura argentina, haciendo foco en su relación con la psicología como saber incorporado en la concepción médica del niño de primera infancia. Asimismo, dicha relación se examina a partir de considerar a la puericultura como una disciplina que, a través de la educación de las madres, intervino en la producción de una subjetividad normal. El enfoque propuesto explora los fundamentos científicos que sirvieron de base a las representaciones de la infancia construidas en el entrecruzamiento de saberes expertos y contextos socioculturales y políticos. El análisis de un corpus de fuentes conformado por libros, artículos de revistas científicas y de divulgación, actas de congresos y conferencias radiales, muestra que las formas de conceptualizar el desarrollo infantil y regular la crianza son inseparables de ideas y valores en torno al orden social y a la forma de concebir y proyectar los destinos de la Nación. Así, el acento en la necesidad de educar al bebé disciplinando sus manifestaciones psíquicas persiguió dos objetivos: facilitar la crianza de modo tal de combatir el problema de la baja natalidad y forjar sujetos productivos y adaptados al orden social vigente.
Alternative pedagogiche e costruzione di spazi per lo sviluppo di un pensiero critico sull’educazione: la collana editoriale «Il Puntoemme» nell’Italia degli anni Settanta
Authors: Todaro Letterio
Published: June 2022

The essay aims at highlighting the rise of a critical thought on education within the Italian framework, during the Seventies, for the cultural enterprise carried on by a revolutionary book collection in educational studies named «Il Puntoemme». The book collection started in 1971 and survived till 1985, having its best time in the middle of the Seventies. The book series conveyed a plurality of different voices coming from the radical cultures aligned in that revolutionary period. A survey on the main topics characterizing the cultural address showed by the publications appeared under the emblem «Il Puntoemme» looks very interesting to get the critical spirit animating the editorial enterprise. It supported the development of a lot of educational issues coming from the area of the contemporary «counter-cultures»: the need for a not-authoritative education, the commitment for new morals corresponding to the sexual emancipation, the reveal of the ideological elements framing the traditional beliefs in social education, the disclose of the hidden curriculum at school, the encouragement of the cooperative methods as matching the essence of the democratic conduct, and so on. In so far, the radical perspectives supported by «Il Puntoemme» collection clearly showed its rooting into an antagonistic character typical of the Seventies, often inspiring the assumption of radical solutions, like the demand for a complete dismantling of the educational settings or the more proper deinstitutionalization of education.
Educational Reform Policies in Argentina in the 1970s: The Beginning of a Differentiation Process among National Universities?
Authors: ​Mendonça Mariana
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this article is to analyze the mid-term consequences of the institutional expansion that took place in the nineteen seventies in Argentina, in light of the results yielded by studies carried out in the region by international organizations. This process aimed to reform and restructure the existing state universities into an American research model. We argue that this process did not accomplish its initial objectives, but led instead to an exacerbation of existing structural problems and gave rise to a differentiation process among public universities in the country. In order to do that, we will use first and second-hand sources.
Learning Languages among Aristocrats in Hungary (1867-1918)
Authors: Rébay Magdolna
Published: June 2022

In the present study, by means of private letters, memoirs, as well as school registry forms, we focus on aristocratic children’s language education: what languages did they study, with whom did they study them, with what methods and for what purpose – whether at home or in school. After 1867, the aristocracy retained its multilingual facility. The daughters of the family typically continued studying at home, guided by foreign governesses and Hungarian home tutors. Besides Hungarian, they usually acquired three languages (French, German, English) to a proficient level, by help of a method that placed the emphasis on speaking. The boys’ language studies progressed in a similar way, the difference being that they were more likely to study in public schools – abroad or in Hungary. Within the high society, the two most sought-after foreign institutions were the Theresianum in Vienna and the Jesuit secondary grammar school in Kalksburg. In these, the students had the chance to choose from among several classical and modern languages to study; moreover, however surprising it might seem at first glance, they also placed a great emphasis on nurturing the Hungarian language. Thus, by the time they reached adulthood, the daughters and sons of high nobility became polished speakers and readers of foreign languages, which, besides cultivating their international family relations, also helped them in keeping abreast on world events, as well as in literature and the sciences, not to mention – in the case of the boys – constituting an advantage in their career fields.
The Daily Life of Italian and Italian-Descendant Children in Tenements, Work and School (Sao Paulo, Late 19th And Early 20th Century)
Authors: Panizzolo Claudia
Published: June 2022

From the late 19th century onwards, men, women and children from the Italian peninsula started playing an increasingly relevant role in the history of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The text herein aims to investigate the presence of Italian and Italian-descendant children in Sao Paulo, especially among the lower social classes, focusing on their daily survival conditions and also in their roles as workers and students. In order to carry out this investigation, our time frame spans the two last decades of the 19th century and the first two decades of the 20th century – a period of significant arrivals of Italian immigrants to Sao Paulo. It was also a fruitful time in terms of the creation of Italian Schools and School Groups in neighborhoods where immigrants lived, as well as the creation of media content, written in both Italian and Portuguese, covering everyday life in factories and houses. Document analysis of references from Cultural History and the History of Childhood, as well as newspapers, official letters, consular dispatches and reports, public school yearbooks and publications about the city of Sao Paulo was performed. This revealed that Italian and Italian-descendant children learned, together with their parents, to live, coexist and survive living in unhealthy places, with little or no access to city benefits, usually with insufficient or inadequate food. Despite the many barriers to attending school, many parents faced strenuous sacrifices so that their children could go to an Italian School or to a Sao Paulo public school.
Representaciones de infancia en el Chile dictatorial (1973-1980): Articulaciones con la política neoliberal y la mercantilización de las instituciones de cuidado
Authors: Castillo Patricia , Gonzalez Alejandra , Cortes Roberto
Published: June 2022

This article analyses representations of childhood in the Chilean press between the years 1973–1980. Both the newspapers «La Tercera» and «El Mercurio» displayed political, economic and symbolical precedents that fostered the application of a subsidiary policy in which the state itself created a market for child protection institutions. The proposition is that the representations of childhood in the public sphere at that time provided ideological support for the political process of remodelling this institutionalism of childhood, since it facilitated the construction of a new rhetoric of privatization of the responsibilities for children and justified its merchandization. Finally, we examine the way in which the distinction between childhood and youth concepts allowed Pinochet´s dictatorship to build an institutionalized structure in which there was ideological control of children and families through scholarly institutions, and of disadvantaged minors through the creation of publicly financed private residential and child protection institutions.
Discurso geográfico, representaciones culturales y publicaciones impresas. El Atlas metódico de Antonio García Cubas y el contexto escolar mexicano, 1867-1880
Authors: Bahena Aréchiga Carrillo Mario Jocsán
Published: June 2022

This research work is a study of Atlas metódico para la enseñanza de la geografía de la República mexicana, prepared by Antonio Garcia Cubas and published in 1874. The work is structured in two lines. The first is about the representations and discourses that the atlas has, based on the premise that all cartographic works are sociocultural products, rather than an objective and faithful portrait of spatial reality. The second line is the link between the content of the atlas and the historical context in which it emerged: that is the emergence of the public instruction system, orchestrated by the liberal state as a result of the affirmation of its nation project. In that tenor, the idea of visualizing and spreading the cartographic image of the Mexican nation acquired a specific meaning. Therefore, I try to give an account of how the atlas (in tune with other school books of period), sought to systematize and visualize an idea of spatial order anchored in the limits of the nation state, as well as in the foundations of a geographical knowledge of that time.
I libri per l’infanzia: dagli alfabeti ai pop-up
Authors: Morandini Maria Cristina
Published: June 2022

In the paper Children’s Books: from ABCs to Pop-ups, I reconstruct the development of published offerings for pre-schoolers, both in Italy and abroad, across the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The rich and varied documentation held at Turin’s school museum allows us to analyse this kind of source at multiple levels: from the graphics (dimensions, colours, and font type) to the messages directed at children and calibrated to their social class; from the blend of realistic and fantastical content to the diverse methods used to present the alphabet and foster both visual and phonic learning; and from the characteristics of illustrations to the relationship between written text and the language of images. It is interesting to observe how, from the early twentieth century onwards, the progressive affirmation of a sentiment of childhood was reflected in the production of books designed to actively engage children in play – one of the most distinctive and spontaneous expressions of the nature of childhood.
El movimiento estudiantil de la Universidad Obrera Nacional en Argentina: notas sobre la constitución y funcionamiento de la FADEUO en el peronismo
Authors: Koc Muñoz Álvaro Sebastián
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this article is to account for one of the aspects not addressed so far by the extensive bibliography on the National Workers University (UON): the characteristics of the only student organization officially recognized by the rector and its formation during the operation of the institution under the government of Perón: the Argentine Federation of Students of the Obrera University (FADEUO). In this sense, we will present how this incipient student entity was constituted and how its operation developed until its disappearance, after the coup d’état of September 16, 1955. Likewise, the study will investigate the relationship between this organization and the contemporary General University Confederation (CGU), in the general context of the relationship between Peronism and university reformism. This work will be carried out on the basis of a survey of a documentary corpus that includes: the magazine of this institution, resolutions and interviews carried out with former students. Finally, we will see that the FADEUO shared two characteristics with the CGU: it was an explicitly Peronist entity with a strong union bias and it had a very close relationship with the authorities of the university. However, unlike the CGU, the FADEUO did not seek to compete politically with other contemporary student organizations, since its actions were mainly focused on the cult and glorification of Perón within the UON.
Notas para la configuración histórica de la pedagogía de párvulos en Colombia: aportes desde Martín Restrepo Mejía, 1888-1930
Authors: Martínez Velasco Miguel Ángel
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this article is to analyse the configuration of childhood pedagogy used to educate children from three to seven years old from the place of knowledge that Martín Restrepo Mejía occupied in Colombia from the end of the 19th century until the third decade of the 20th century. Three of the main books written by Restrepo Mejía were used as primary sources of emerging foundations for preschool pedagogy. Methodologically, the historical approach of pedagogical practice was used to account for the relationships of knowledge, power and subjectivation to educate children according to the Zerda Plan during the period of conservative hegemony. As a result, the coexistence of the rational and experimental matrices for the configuration of childhood pedagogy within Colombian pedagogical knowledge was achieved. The article ends by presenting some reflections that make it possible in the contemporary world to incorporate the conceptualizations between teaching, development and education typical of early childhood pedagogy in light of the crisis in disciplinary societies.
«Educational research must penetrate the cultural construction of the nation … and leave the comfort zone of moralizing about the world». Interview with Daniel Tröhler
Authors: Vogt Michaela , Augschöll Blasbichler Annemarie Matthäus
Published: June 2022

Daniel Tröhler is an international heavyweight in Educational Sciences who has published, edited, or co-edited over 50 books or Special Issues in Journals, more than 100 journal articles, and more than 150 book-chapters. His book «Languages of Education - Protestant Legacies, National Identities, and Global Aspirations»(Routledge, 2011) was translated into multiple languages and won the American Educational Research Association’s (AERA) Outstanding Book Award. Since 2017, Tröhler holds the professorship for «Foundations of Education»at the University of Vienna (Austria). Prior to that, he researched and taught at the University of Luxemburg (2008 – 2016) and the University of Zurich (Switzerland) (2002 – 2008) where he also completed his undergraduate degree, PhD degree, and habilitation. His research explores national histories of thought in the field of education and their institutional manifestation from the 18th century to the present. Through historical as well as comparative analysis of laws, textbooks, and curricula, he juxtapositions institutional histories and history of ideas and analyzes their regional, national, and transnational impact. Tröhler was also guest professor in Oulu (Finland), Granada (Spain), and is since 2018 visiting Professor in Oslo (Norway).
An autonomous teacher subject as a force of pedagogical renewal: two historical moments of activation of the teacher’s movement in Chile
Authors: Acuña Felipe
Published: June 2022

Based on Hugo Zemelman’s notion of the autonomous subject as the ability to react to circumstances, this article offers a theoretical reading of two historical moments of the Chilean teachers’ movement where processes of pedagogical renewal are unfolded through the activation of a teacher subject. The first moment takes place in the first half of the 20th century with the emergence of pedagogical experimentation and its ability to renew pedagogical «normalism» The second takes place at the end of the 20th century with the emergence of a Pedagogical Movement and its ability to renew a teaching policy configured by the economic parameters of neoliberal precariousness. Methodologically, I turn to secondary sources to analyse both historical moments. Rather than obeying a historiographic work, the analysis consists of a theoretical reading of both historical moments, and it illustrates that an autonomous teacher subject, capable of thinking critically about its circumstances, is key to unfolding processes of pedagogical renewal. By way of conclusion, I argue that both teachers’ movements share a process of activation and pedagogical renewal of the educational thinking of teachers. I also briefly refer to the political, theoretical, and practical challenge emerging from the analysis: how to keep autonomy flowing.
American Makarenko and soviet Dewey: a search for pedagogical renewal
Authors: Rogacheva Yelena
Published: June 2022

The paper deals with educational legacies of John Dewey and Anton Makarenko – two outstanding educators who were named by Otto Anweiler the best in the XXth Century alongside with Maria Montessori and Georg Kershenshteiner. Having got the title of the «Teacher of Soviet teachers» Anton Makarenko, as well as John Dewey who was called «The Teacher of Teachers», both educators thought of a new concept of school and a new type of a teacher for the XXth century that still keep relevance in the XXI century. John Dewey’s democratic concept of school and its international significance as well as his new concept of teacher training are compared to Anton Makarenko’s ideas. The man of the XXth century, John Dewey (1859-1952) has made great impact on the development of world pedagogy. The educational legacy of A. Makarenko is also the subject of international study and an international phenomenon. The connection of Dewey and Makarenko with Maxim Gorky is touched upon in the paper too.
Elección y selección: estrategias educativas de familias de clase alta en Córdoba-Argentina
Authors: Giovine Manuel Alejandro
Published: June 2022

Una línea de investigación dentro de la sociología de la educación se concentra en el momento crucial cuando las familias escogen escuela para sus hijos. Este interés responde, principalmente, a las expectativas que las familias de clase alta tienen de la escuela como espacio de formación académica, moral y de redes. Consecuentemente, entienden que la escolarización de sus hijos es una estrategia fundamental para sostener o mejorar su posición en el espacio social. En una primera etapa cuantitativa nos valemos de la construcción multidimensional del espacio social de Córdoba, que realizamos en el equipo de investigación, y en una segunda etapa cualitativa analizamos 36 entrevistas en profundidad a familias de clase alta para esta investigación. Paralelamente, la información disponible en las páginas web de los colegios contribuye a reconstruir el estado actual de la oferta educativa para la muestra. La reciente diversificación de la oferta educativa en Córdoba produce que las familias se enfrenten ante una complejidad impensable para generaciones anteriores. Una multiplicidad de prácticas, asociadas al proceso de elección entre las posibles escuelas para sus hijos, buscan optimizar el beneficio de la escolarización, adecuando la elección a las posibilidades. Por otra parte, las autoridades de las escuelas también seleccionan a las familias. Si bien la elección de la escuela se presenta en el discurso de las familias como un momento cada vez más racional y democrático a nivel familiar, podemos observar que está fuertemente condicionado por determinantes asociados a su posición y trayectoria en el espacio social.
La concepción neoliberal de la educación y sus impactos en el Sur Global: una nueva forma de imperialismo
Authors: Picoli Bruno Antonio , Guilherme Alexandre Anselmo
Published: June 2022

Este artículo está dedicado a formular la pregunta: ¿Cuáles son los impactos de los cambios en la educación que las políticas neoliberales están implementando en el Sur Global? En este sentido, también busca investigar cuál es el concepto de Educación en las políticas neoliberales en la actualidad, si todavía es educación lo que proponen estas reformas. También busca establecer caminos para una educación efectiva frente a las políticas neoliberales. Sostiene que el neoliberalismo es una forma refinada de imperialismo que tiene en la educación uno de sus campos más privilegiados de atención: la transformación del acceso a la educación en mercancía. Para responder a la pregunta planteada, se analizan las experiencias de Chile, Brasil y Sudáfrica, países que, de diferentes maneras, se vieron afectados en las últimas cuatro décadas por reformas educativas neoliberales. A partir de la experiencia de estos países, se puede ver que las reformas neoliberales en el Sur Global han creado barreras para que las poblaciones, especialmente las más pobres, disfruten de los derechos formales que habían ganado en el mismo período de la apertura política y el fin del Apartheid, haciendo uso del recurso imperialista de la inculcación de que las reformas mismas comprendieron y comprenden el camino sin retorno de la globalización, el trípode de desregulación, descentralización y privatización, y la transformación de todas las relaciones en productos para obtener ganancias.
Actitudes hacia la finitud en personas mayores: una pedagogía del envejecimiento para el aula permanente de formación abierta
Authors: Martínez-Heredia Nazaret , Rodríguez García Antonio Manuel
Published: June 2022

A lo largo de los años, nuestra cultura occidental ha apartado el tema de la muerte a través de su evitación o incluso negación. Por lo tanto, creemos necesaria una intervención educativa con mayores para eliminar el tema de la muerte como un tabú, y referirnos a ella como parte de nuestra vida y que como tal ha de llegar sin tener que sufrir cuando pensamos en ella. Este artículo muestra el relato de las personas mayores acerca de las actitudes tanto positivas como negativas hacia la finitud propia y ajena, poniendo de manifiesto la importancia y la necesidad de crear diversos puntos de encuentro y reflexión educativa, por ejemplo, en el Aula Permanente de Formación Abierta. Para ello, se seleccionó un diseño metodológico cualitativo utilizando como técnicas de recogida de información la entrevista semiestructurada y en profundidad. Los resultados señalan una actitud predominantemente positiva de la muerte propia pero no tanto de la muerte ajena, relatando el miedo o la ansiedad hacia la finitud de un ser querido. Explican su desconcierto al hablar de la finitud, pero afirman tenerla muy presente debido a que se trata de un tema muy relevante a su edad. Resaltamos la importancia de crear espacios educativos para poder tratar dichas actitudes negativas y reforzar las positivas. La finalidad de una educación para muerte es que los profesionales de la educación fundamenten y reflexionen acerca de su enseñanza, el aprender y desaprender y reaprender en la auto-formación donde la muerte ocupe su lugar natural.
La producción académica de Stephen Ball: contribuciones para el estudio de las políticas educativas en Iberoamérica
Authors: Ruan Sánchez Diana Lilia , Cordero Arroyo Dolores Graciela
Published: June 2022

Este artículo presenta una revisión teórica de las contribuciones de Stephen Ball al campo de investigación de las políticas educativas. Se aborda la perspectiva epistemológica del autor sobre el estudio de las dimensiones textual y discursiva de las políticas, así como la discusión sobre la necesidad de nuevas perspectivas teóricas orientadas al estudio de la complejidad de las políticas y de nuevos marcos analíticos integradores que estudien la trayectoria de sus procesos. Se describe el ciclo continuo de las políticas como modelo metodológico y se sintetizan las herramientas conceptuales utilizadas por Ball para explicar los procesos implicados en ese ciclo. Dichas herramientas se organizan en torno al análisis de los ámbitos de la macro y la micropolítica. El primero, centra la discusión en torno a las transformaciones del Estado: pluralización del ámbito de las políticas; participación privada en el sector público; conformación de redes globales promotoras de políticas; y la lógica del mercado como raíz ideológica de estas transformaciones. El segundo, plantea la necesidad del estudio de la agencia y las prácticas locales como elementos clave en la comprensión de los resultados y efectos de las políticas a través de los conceptos de puesta en acto (enactment) y recontextualización de las políticas. Finalmente, concluimos que el trabajo de Ball contribuye y es pertinente al estudio de las políticas educativas en el contexto iberoamericano.
La construcción de una disciplina: evolución de la didáctica de las ciencias sociales en España en comparación con el contexto internacional
Authors: Egea Vivancos Alejandro , Arias Ferrer Laura
Published: June 2022

Se presenta un recorrido por la evolución de la didáctica de las ciencias sociales desde su nacimiento como disciplina académica y científica hasta la actualidad. El análisis toma como punto de partida el caso español y amplía esta visión a algunos contextos internacionales, como Alemania, Francia, Reino Unido, Estados Unidos, Canadá, Brasil, México y Chile. El objetivo principal de este análisis es señalar aquellas aportaciones que han perfilado la investigación y configuración actual de esta disciplina. En cuanto a la metodología, el trabajo se fundamenta en una exhaustiva revisión de la bibliografía nacional e internacional relacionada con la temática. Las obras utilizadas como base del análisis y de las argumentaciones esgrimidas atienden a un criterio básico de selección: la solvencia y aportación de los autores correspondientes al campo específico de la didáctica de las ciencias sociales. Todos ellos coinciden de manera generaliza en afirmar que el área aún está en construcción. Uno de los mayores problemas que posee la disciplina es que pese a que los problemas principales de la investigación están muy extendidos, sin embargo, aún existe cierto aislamiento entre las diferentes comunidades científicas, lo que provoca una falta de consenso ante aspectos esenciales de la misma. Esta ausencia de puntos de partida comunes es más evidente en aspectos de corte epistemológico y metodológico, siendo necesaria una reflexión profunda en torno a los mismos.
Performatividad y accountability en educación: una mirada desde el «paradigma neurológico» de Byung Chul Han
Authors: Bravo Cuevas Sergio Antonio , Prats Gil Enric
Published: June 2022

El siguiente artículo propone un vínculo entre la reflexión planteada por Byung Chul Han y su enfoque psicopolítico para la comprensión de la sociedad contemporánea –o sociedad del cansancio– en relación con las prácticas performativas en el ámbito escolar que ha descrito el aporte teórico de Stephen Ball. Se plantea así una relación entre el paradigma neurológico, las estrategias de poder y control propias de la sociedad neoliberal descritas por Han con la transformación progresiva de las prácticas en la organización escolar a nivel micro, impulsada a través de sistemas de accountability o rendición de cuentas. En ambos casos, se identifica el perfeccionamiento de las tecnologías políticas propias del panóptico hacia formas de control situadas a nivel interno del sujeto y cuyo correlato es de tipo subjetivo. La formación para el emprendimiento, gamificación de la enseñanza y las transformaciones en la identidad profesional del docente en un contexto post-profesional constituyen ámbitos específicos que permiten identificar en la escuela el influjo del paradigma neurológico en educación. Las conclusiones plantean la progresiva articulación del sistema educativo a las demandas y requerimientos de la sociedad neoliberal, de modo que la institución escolar asume como finalidad la incorporación del sujeto en la sociedad de rendimiento.
Hacia una comprensión del mundo social virtual en la configuración de espacios de aprendizaje informal
Authors: Sánchez Felipe , Rodríguez-Paniagua Augusto
Published: June 2022

La omnipresencia de las tecnologías digitales y del internet como un medio de interacción cotidiano lleva a preguntarnos por las formas en que las personas constituyen un modo de relación singular con estos y el impacto que dicha relación puede tener en procesos de aprendizaje informal, bajo el supuesto de que aspecto central de este es la capacidad de experimentar y sostener instancias de conflicto cognitivo de forma espontánea. Dado que entre individuo y mundo digital se establece una relación bidireccional, donde el primero es tanto agente de producción de espacios privilegiados de interacción como receptor pasivo de un bombardeo informativo, se considera que en la medida que no se desarrollen estrategias para navegar de manera más efectiva en internet y redes sociales se reducen las posibilidades de desarrollar nuevos aprendizajes. Se comentan investigaciones contemporáneas sobre el impacto que la navegación en internet y redes sociales tiene sobre diversos procesos de aprendizaje informal para dar cuenta de sus resultados, así como de limitaciones en sus enfoques. A raíz de ello se propone el concepto de psicogeografía como una herramienta conceptual útil a la hora de teorizar respecto a las diversas trayectorias de aprendizaje que los jóvenes pueden desarrollar a la hora de relacionarse con los espacios digitales. Se concluye señalando el desafío pedagógico de promover el desarrollo estrategias que ayuden a explorar el mundo digital más allá de los espacios con los que se está familiarizado y reconocer la infinidad de espacio todavía por conocer.