bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Flexibility Implementation on the Control of a Solar District Heating System
Authors: Betancourt Schwarz Manuel , Veyron Mathilde , Clausse Marc
Published: December 2023

Renewable energy sources, distributed generation, multi-energy carriers, distributed storage, and low-temperature district heating systems, among others, are demanding a change in the way thermal networks are conceived, understood, and operated. Governments around the world are moving to increase the renewable share in energy distribution networks through legislation like the European Directive 2012/27 in Europe, and solar energy integration into district heating systems is arising as an interesting option to reduce operation costs and carbon footprint. This conveys an important investment that adds complexity to the management of thermal networks and often delays the return on investment due to the unpredictability of renewable energy sources, like solar radiation. To this end, this paper presents an optimisation methodology to aid in the operative control of an existing solar district heating system located in the northwest of France. The modelling of the system, which includes a large-scale solar field, a biomass boiler, a gas boiler, and thermal energy storage, was previously built in Dymola. The optimisation of this network was performed using MATLAB’s genetic algorithm (GA) and running the Dymola model as functional mock-up units, FMUs, using Simulink’s FMI Kit. The results show that the methodology presented here can reduce the current operation costs and improve the use of the daily storage of the DH system by a combination of mass flow control and the implementation of a flexibility function for the end-users. The cost-per-kWh was reduced by as much as 16% in a single day, and the share of heat supplied by the solar field on this day was increased by 5.22%.
Sustainable Strategies for the Recovery and Valorization of Brewery By-Products—A Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: Soceanu Alina , Dobrinas Simona , Popescu Viorica , Buzatu Alina , Sirbu Anca
Published: December 2023

The prevention of environmental pollution is a current concern of the population, which is looking for ways to reduce the production of industrial waste. The brewing industry generates huge amounts of waste, with difficult management from an economic point of view. The waste obtained from the technological process of beer production is used in various branches, such as the food industry, mainly as feed, additives, or food ingredients; as animal feed; in biofuel production; and in building or packaging materials. The valuable by-products obtained from brewery waste can serve as raw materials for further processing or become functional ingredients for the production of new functional products. Reusing and recycling are essential strategies for transforming waste into new valuable resources, and such strategies enable circular solutions to maintain the value of products and resources for as long as possible. The chemical composition of the waste obtained from beer manufacturing can vary slightly depending on the type and quality of the ingredients used and the prevailing conditions during each stage of the manufacturing process. This paper focuses on sustainable strategies for the recovery and valorization of brewery by-products. Experimentally, the aim was to determine the chemical characteristics of different types of brewery waste, such as moisture content, ash, pH, total content of phenolic compounds, and total protein content. The experimental values obtained have shown that brewery waste is a valuable by-product.
Sustainable Dyeing and Functional Finishing of Cotton Fabric by Rosa canina Extracts
Authors: Atakan Raziye , Martínez-González Inés , Díaz-García Pablo , Bonet-Aracil Marilés
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a comprehensive study on a novel ultrasound-assisted extraction process for Rosa canina, utilizing both dry and fresh fruits, and explores the potential application of Rosa canina extraction as a natural dye and functional agent for cotton fabrics. The ultrasound-assisted extraction employed different solvents, including distilled water, methanol, and a water/methanol mixture (50/50% v/v), conducted at 60 °C for 60 min. The extracted compounds were characterized through ultraviolet–visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet spectroscopy (HPLC-UV) analysis to assess the chemical composition. Textile applications were then performed using bio-mordant chitosan in a pre-mordanting process, and the treated cotton fabrics underwent analysis for surface chemistry and chemical composition using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Untreated and treated fabrics, both with and without mordant, were evaluated for their UV protection and antibacterial properties. Color measurements and dyeability properties of the extractions were also assessed. Furthermore, waste solutions from textile applications were analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy to investigate the potential transfer of active compounds to the fabrics. Results indicate that Rosa canina, as a plant-based extract, holds significant potential for sustainable dyeing and functional finishing of cotton fabrics.
The Effect of Green Credit on Enterprises’ Green Transformation under Sustainable Development: Evidence from Green Innovation in High-Pollution Enterprises in China
Authors: Tian Shining , Zhang Hongli , Xu Guangping
Published: December 2023

How to help enterprises reduce pollution and transform into environmentally friendly enterprises through financial channels is an important issue that needs to be urgently addressed. This study constructs a quasi-natural experiment based on the implementation of the 2012 Green Credit Guidelines and evaluates the impact of green credit policy on green transformation in high-pollution enterprises from the aspect of green innovation. The research results found the following: (1) After the implementation of green credit policy, the quantity and quality of green innovation in high-pollution enterprises have significantly improved. (2) To avoid the inaccuracy of research conclusions caused by differences in sample characteristics, this study used the PSM-DID model to verify the promoting effect of green credit policy on the green transformation of high-pollution enterprises. (3) Furthermore, this study analyzed the impact of differences in the ownership nature of enterprises and regional financial development levels on the green transformation of high-pollution enterprises under green credit policy. The results show that green credit policy has a stronger impact on the green innovation of state-owned high-pollution enterprises and high-pollution enterprises in underdeveloped financial areas. The findings of this study provide an important reference for the reform of green finance of government departments.
Sustainability of Duero Water Systems for Crop Production in Spain
Authors: Lama-Pedrosa Beatriz , Sordo-Ward Álvaro , Bianucci Paola , Garrote Luis
Published: December 2023

In recent decades, increased water demand combined with the effects of climate change has endangered water availability in many regions. In this context, sustainable water management has become a priority, seeking to balance human needs with the conservation of aquatic ecosystems. In the Duero basin (Spain), the availability of water is especially relevant for agricultural purposes, representing 93% of the total water needs. This study focuses on identifying and assessing the short-term sustainability of irrigated crop production in the Duero River basin. The maximum potential availability of surface water for irrigation was estimated and compared with the short-term agricultural surface water demand. The analysis was based on the use of a high-spatial-resolution (500 × 500 m) GIS-based model named WAAPA, and three indexes were used to evaluate and analyze the results. The results show that by analyzing the river basin in an aggregate form, the demands for irrigation were met, in which the reservoirs played an important role. When the analysis was downscaled to tributaries or even small streams, non-sustainable situations were identified. This shows the importance of using high-spatial-resolution models to improve, maintain, and achieve sustainability in the production of irrigated crops.
Customer–Resource Relationships in the Continuous Business Model Innovation of Technology Companies: Google Cases
Authors: Lee Heesang , Jung Jinsun
Published: December 2023

Research interest in business model innovation (BMI) has increased in highly competitive environments. However, there has been a relative lack of empirical case studies on how companies have built continuous BMI for sustainable success and growth in today’s complex technology and volatile customer environments. We adopted the “BMI Customer–Resource (CR) matrix” framework by focusing on the customer and resource as the critical determinants of sustained BMI success in technology companies. The first finding of this paper is to develop and expand a conceptual framework for analyzing the sustainable growth and success of leading technology companies. By examining Google’s 14 BMs with the CR-matrix, we derived five propositions about the success conditions for sustained BMI. We compared them to existing research on Amazon.com, finding four similarities and three differences. We also made an empirical contribution that reveals that conducting BMs while appropriately exploring and leveraging new or existing customers and resources can affect a company’s sustainable success.
Life Cycle Assessment of the Construction Process in a Mass Timber Structure
Authors: Hemmati Mahboobeh , Messadi Tahar , Gu Hongmei
Published: December 2023

Today, the application of green materials in the building industry is the norm rather than the exception and reflects an attempt to mitigate the sector’s environmental impacts. Mass timber is growing rapidly in the construction field because of its long span, speed of installation, lightness and toughness, carbon sequestration capabilities, renewability, fire rating, acoustic isolation, and thermal resistance. Mass timber is close to overtaking steel and concrete as the preferred material. The endeavor of this research is to quantitatively assess the ability of this green material to leverage the abatement of carbon emissions. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a leading method for assessing the environmental impacts of the building sector. The recently completed Adohi Hall mass timber building on the University of Arkansas campus was used as a case study in an investigation to quantify greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions throughout the construction phase only. The energy used in building operations is the most dominant source of emissions in the building industry and has galvanized research on increasing the efficiency of building operations, but reduced emissions have made the impacts of embodied carbon (EC) components more noticeable in the building life cycle. While most studies have focused on the manufacturing stage, only a few to date have focused on the construction process. Consequently, few data are available on the environmental impacts associated with the installation of mass timber as a new green material. The present study began with the quantification of the materials and an inventory of the equipment used for construction. Then, this study determined the EC associated with running the equipment for building construction. The GHG emissions resulting from the transportation of materials to the site were also quantified. Based on data collected from the construction site, the results of this study indicate that earthwork ranks first in carbon emissions, followed by mass timber installation and construction. In third place is ready-mix poured concrete and rebar installation, followed by Geopiers. A comparison of these results with those in the existing literature shows that the EC generally associated with the building construction phase has been underestimated to date. Furthermore, only emissions associated with the fuel usage of the main equipment were considered.
Validation of a Targeted LC–MS/MS Method for Cereulide and Application in Food and Faeces
Authors: Masquelier Julien , Segers Céline , Jacobs Bram , Van Nieuwenhuysen Tom , Delbrassinne Laurence , Van Hoeck Els
Published: December 2023

Cereulide is an emetic toxin produced by some strains of Bacillus cereus. This bacterial toxin, a cyclic 1.2 kDa dodecadepsipeptide, is stable to heat and acids and causes nausea and vomiting when ingested via contaminated food. This work aimed to develop and validate a targeted analytical method applying liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to quantify this toxin in food and human faeces. Samples were extracted with acetonitrile in the presence of 13C6-cereulide, a labelled internal standard, and purified by centrifugation and filtration. The limits of quantification were 0.5 and 0.3 µg kg−1 for food and faeces, respectively. The linearity of the method was very good, with calculated R2 values above 0.995. The mean recovery of the method was within the acceptable range of 70.0%–120.0%, the repeatability was not higher than 7.3%, and the highest intra-laboratory reproducibility was 8.9%. The estimated range for the expanded measurement uncertainty was between 5.1% and 18.0%. The LC–MS/MS method was used to analyse one food sample (rice) from a Belgian foodborne outbreak and five faecal samples from patients with clinical symptoms after consumption of the contaminated rice. The levels of cereulide were 12.22 µg g−1 for food and between 6.32 and 773.37 ng g−1 for faecal samples.
Design and Evaluation of an Asynchronous VR Exploration System for Architectural Design Discussion Content
Authors: Chang Hsuan-Ming , Hsu Ting-Wei , Tsai Ming-Han , Babu Sabarish V. , Chuang Jung-Hong
Published: December 2023

Design discussion is crucial in the architectural design process. To enhance the spatial understanding of 3D space and discussion effectiveness, recently, some systems have been proposed to support design discussion interactively in an immersive virtual environment. The entire design discussion can be archived and potentially become course materials for future learners. In this paper, we propose an asynchronous VR exploration system that aims to help learners explore content effectively and efficiently anywhere and at any time. To improve effectiveness and efficiency, we also propose a summarization-to-detail approach with the application space by which students can observe the visualization of spatial summarization of actions and participants’ dwell time or the temporal distribution of dialogues and then locate the important or interesting region or dialogue for further exploration. To further explore the discussion content, students can call the preview to see the time-lapse animation of the object operation to understand the change in models or playback to view the discussion details. We conducted an exploratory user study with 10 participants to evaluate user experience, user impression, and effectiveness of learning the design discussion course content using our asynchronous VR design discussion content exploration system. The results indicate that the interactive VR exploration system presented can help learners study the design discussion content effectively. Participants also provided some positive feedback and confirmed the usefulness and value of the system presented. Our applications and lessons learned have implications for future asynchronous VR exploration systems, not only for architectural design discussion content, but also for other applications, such as industrial visual inspections and educational visualizations of design discussions.
Urban Stormwater Quality in Arequipa, Southern Peru: An Initial Assessment
Authors: Martínez Gisella , García-Chevesich Pablo , Guillen Madeleine , Tejada-Purizaca Teresa , Martinez Kattia , Ticona Sergio , Novoa Héctor , Crespo Jorge , Holley Elizabeth , McCray John
Published: December 2023

Urban stormwater quality has been sampled and chemically analyzed in the city of Arequipa, southern Peru. Stormwater samples generated from a 0.04 km2 drainage area in a downtown location were collected during two rainy seasons (2022 and 2023), including both first flush and peak flow for each storm event, analyzing physical and chemical (metals) variables. Results were compared with Peruvian agricultural irrigation standards, identifying also temporal changes and statistical correlations. Several metals (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn) were detected at concentrations above Peruvian MPLs, with B being the analyte that violated the norm more often. Most pollution occurred at the beginning of each rainy season and during the first flush stages. All vehicle-related contaminants were well correlated except for Pb and Se, which were assumed to have a different source of origin. We recommend that further investigations should focus on the effects of urban stormwater on downstream ecosystems in Peru. Similarly, we strongly recommend the creation of new regulations that ensure proper stormwater quality released from urban areas of this country, as well as preventive/treatment practices to minimize the pollution of downstream aquatic ecosystems and ensure healthy water to irrigate crops located downstream from cities.
Removal of Emerging Contaminants by Degradation during Filtration: A Review of Experimental Procedures and Modeling
Authors: Undabeytia Tomás , Jiménez-Barrera José Manuel , Nir Shlomo
Published: December 2023

Here, we review the efficient removal of organic micropollutants from water by degradation during filtration using specialized bacteria and enzymes. In both approaches, the filter provides essential binding sites where efficient degradation can occur. A model is presented that enables the simulation and prediction of the kinetics of filtration for a given pollutant concentration, flow rate, and filter dimensions and can facilitate the design of experiments and capacity estimates; it predicts the establishment of a steady state, during which the emerging concentrations of the pollutants remain constant. One method to remove cyanotoxins produced by Microcystis cyanobacteria, which pose a threat at concentrations above 1.0 µg L−1, is to use an activated granular carbon filter with a biofilm; this method resulted in the complete removal of the filtered toxins (5 µg L−1) during a long experiment (225 d). This system was analyzed using a model which predicted complete toxin removal when applied at a 10-fold-higher concentration. Enzymes are also used in filtration processes for the degradation of trace organic contaminants, mostly through the use of membrane bioreactors, where the enzyme is continuously introduced or maintained in the bioreactor, or it is immobilized on the membrane.
Examining Intention to Quit Vaping among Australian Young Adults Using Social Cognitive Theory: A Cross-Sectional Survey Analysis
Authors: Rahman Nicola , Sofija Ernesta , Sebar Bernadette
Published: December 2023

This study examined how Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) constructs help explain the intention to quit e-cigarettes in young Australian adults aged 18–24 years to inform vaping cessation programs. A cross-sectional survey of young adult vapers (n = 422) between March and the end of May 2023 examined personal, environmental, and behavioural factors of vaping cessation. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis examined the effects of SCT constructs on intention to quit vaping, controlling for covariates. Results found, in our sample consisting of 68% (n = 360) females, 18% (n = 95) males and 14% (n = 77) others, almost two-thirds (59.7%) of participants reported a quit attempt in the last year; with quit attempts being associated with quit intention (p ≤ 0.001). Model 1 (past year quit attempt, gender, educational attainment) accounted for 28.7% of the variance in quit intentions, with the addition of Model 2 SCT constructs adding a further significant 6.3% variance. Self-efficacy (B = 0.164, p ≤ 0.001), benefits (B = −0.106, p = 0.041) and social norms (B = −0.086, p = 0.035) had significant independent associations with quit intention. Findings demonstrate the SCT theoretical framework is suitable for use when developing vaping cessation programs, identifying the SCT constructs as important factors for quit intention. The findings can be used to inform the development of evidence-based vaping cessation programs to encourage vapers to quit and/or better support them in the quitting process.
Orally disintegrating tablets: mechanisms, preparation methods, problems and achievements
Authors:   FSAEI HE Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Eremin V. A. , Blynskaya E. V. ,   FSBSI V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Bueva V. V. ,   FSBSI V. V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology
Published: December 2023

The oral route of drug administration is considered one of the preferred delivery methods. In recent years, orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) have become convenient pharmaceutical dosage forms, especially for specific patient populations such as pediatric, geriatric, and psychiatric patients with dysphagia. Rapid disintegration and increased bioavailability are some of the essential characteristics of ODTs that make them superior to other traditional pharmaceutical dosage forms. Orally disintegrating tablets are pills that disintegrate within a few seconds after being placed in the oral cavity. This review describes the mechanisms of drug release from ODTs, manufacturing challenges, and advancements in orally disintegrating tablet technologies.
Potential Diversity of Local Rice Genetic Resources in Kuantan Singingi District, Riau Province
Authors: Marlina Gusti , Andriani Desta , Jayalaksamana Maghfirah , Pramana Angga
Published: December 2023

This research aimed to explore the potential of locally cultivated rice by farmers in the Kuantan SingingiRegency that can be preserved. This preservation will maintain the local genetic resources and prevent them from being replaced by commercial varieties. This study was a descriptive research based on two types of data, namely primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from surveys and direct interviews with farmers in the Kuantan Singingi Regency. Secondary data were collected from books, articles, and related reports. The interview results indicated that farmers in Kuantan Singingi cultivated 18 varieties of rice. Padi Kuning (14 percent) and Sokan (14 percent) were the local varieties most commonly cultivated by Kuantan Singingi farmers. Farmers preferred the Padi Kuning variety because it produces white rice, has no off-putting odour, and resulted sticky rice. Additionally, farmers in Kuantan Singingi also cultivate the Bimas variety at 12 percent, Bimas 24, Pandan Wangi, and 14 other local varieties. However, farmers still need a clearer understanding of proper cultivation techniques. In conclusion, many farmers in Kuantan Singingi continue cultivating local rice varieties with the potential for development and preservation.
METHODS OF DIAGNOSTICS OF STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS OF HIGHLY AUTOMATED VEHICLES
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil E ngineering, PODOPRIGORA N.V.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the formation of a comprehensive solution to the issue of managing the technical condition of a highly automated vehicle at all stages of its life cycle. The purpose of writing the paper is to publish the results on the development of algorithms, structural and mathematical models of diagnostics of structural systems of highly automated vehicle. Scientific novelty consists in the development of mechanisms of adaptive and effective man-agement of individualization of maintenance and repair regulations in order to ensure the opera-tional reliability of a highly automated vehicle and all its structural elements. The operational stage in the life cycle of a highly automated vehicle equipped with cyber-physical systems is considered. For the first time the concept of an individual maintenance and repair schedule (IMRS) is introduced, which allows to offer drivers/users of a highly automated vehicle an individual maintenance and repair program taking into account their style, driving mode and operating conditions.
METHOD FOR DIAGNOSING THE PROCESS OF BREAKING-IN OF OVERHAULD INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES OF CARS DURING FIELD TESTS
Authors:   Krasnodar Trade and Economic College, SUKHANOV S.A. , NOVIKOV A.N. ,   Oryol State University named after I.S. Turgenev, TAKHTAMYSHEV H.M. ,   Nevinnomyssk State Humanitarian and Technical Institute
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the issues related to the improvement of methods for diagnosing the process of running-in of internal combustion engines by comparing the results of laboratory tests using stands and the results obtained by conducting dynamic tests directly when cars are moving along the route under operating conditions. The authors substantiate the relevance of monitoring the condition of the rubbing surfaces during the run-in process, propose a comprehensive method of testing under various operating modes of engines and remote monitoring of diagnostic parameters. According to the results of the experimental tests carried out, the authors have established correlations between the values of diagnostic parameters under different engine load conditions. The article also discusses the theoretical aspects of physical processes occurring during the burn-in process due to an increase in the area of rubbing surfaces
POTENTIAL COMBINATION OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL (VCO) AND AZADIRACHTA INDICA EXTRACT FOR ACNE CONTROL: A COMPOSITION PHYTOCHEMICAL AND IN VIVO ANTIBACTERIAL EVALUATION
Authors: Karta I wayan , Burhannuddin Burhannuddin
Published: December 2023

Background: Treatment of acne can be done with topical and systematic therapy. There is the bacterial resistance to drugs, so other alternatives are needed that can utilize natural ingredients so that side effects can be reduced. Aims: The objective of this study was to determine the phytochemical content of a blend of VCO and Intaran (Azadirachta indica) leaf extract (VCO-I) at concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 20%, and to assess its effect on the in vivo inflammation induced by P. acnes. Methode: This study has a posttest-only control group design and is experimental. Rats in the experimental group were smeared with VCO-I at concentrations of 0% (P0), 5% (P1), 10% (P2), and 20% (P3); clindamycin (CindalaÂ®) was used as the positive control (K+); and distilled water was used as the negative control (K-). The results: The results showed that VCO-I contained flavonoids, tannins, and alkaloids. The level increases as the mixture's concentration increases. Each VCO-I treatment was able to treat wounds or lesions that appeared due to the induction of P.Acne bacteria. There are differences in each treatment for healing the lesions. Based on the Post Hoc Bonferroni test P2 and P3 were not significantly different from K+, and K0 was significantly different from P0.. Conclusion: The addition of the extract can increase the activity of speeding up the healing of lesions and the effective mixture is at P2 and P3.
Modelo formativo en competencias para la calidad educativa en docentes de la carrera de matemáticas
Authors: Uriarte Bernal Edgar , Mondragón Hernández Gustavo Alonso , Mocarro Willis María Lucia
Published: December 2023

En Perú, la expansión universitaria de 5 a más de 140 instituciones para 2017 no garantizó mejor calidad educativa; muchas universidades privadas mostraron menor calidad. En respuesta, desde 2014 se impulsaron reformas con la Ley Universitaria, priorizando políticas de ciencia y tecnología para elevar estándares académicos. Por ello, se analizó la pertinencia del modelo educativo en competencias para la carrera profesional de matemáticas; bajo una revisión sistemática de estudios con vigencia de hasta 7 años de bases de datos como ERIC, SCOPUS, Web of Science (WOS), Scielo, Dialnet; la ecuación de búsqueda fue Competency Based Education” and “Curriculum development” and “Mathematics” en inglés y español, usando el operador booleano AND. Los resultados de búsquedas arrojaron 169 búsquedas en total previo a criterios quedando seleccionada 20 fuentes complementar el análisis. Se concluyó que el modelo formativo por competencias es adecuado para la carrera profesional de matemática, con la necesidad de continuar realizando propuestas e investigaciones.
Environmental Changes in the Eastern Arctic during Marine Isotope Stages 80 and 81
Authors:   North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute n. a. N. A. Shilo, FEB RAS, Magadan, Lozhkin A. V. , Andreev A. A. ,   Alfred Wegener Helmholtz Institute Center for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany, Anderson P. M. ,   University of Washington, Department of Earth and Space Sciences and Quaternary Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA, Korzun Yu. A. ,   North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute n. a. N. A. Shilo, FEB RAS, Magadan, Nedorubova E. Yu. ,   North-East Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute n. a. N. A. Shilo, FEB RAS, Magadan, Zhao W. W. ,   School of Geographic Science, Nantong University, Nantong, China
Published: December 2023

Palynological analysis of a 317-m-long sediment core obtained from Lake El'gygytgyn (67° 30' N, 172° 05' E) located in the Eastern Arctic documents the changes in vegetation between 2.103 and 2.146 Ma. This interval encompasses marine isotope stages (MIS) 80 and 81 and includes the Reunion paleomagnetic event, an important chronological event within MIS 81. Seven pollen zones depict the varying plant communities associated with interglacial, interstadial, and glacial intervals. The warmest climatic conditions occurred during MIS 81 (pollen zone E2) when coniferous forests dominated the landscape. These forests also included moderately thermophilous broadleaf trees and shrubs. The interstade (MIS 81, pollen zone E3) is characterized by open larch forests and forest-tundra. During the period of deepest climatic cooling, which occurred at the end of MIS 80 (pollen zone E7), larch forest-tundra and shrub tundra were present across the region. The palynological analysis of sediments from Lake El'gygytgyn illustrates the varying responses of vegetation to a wide range of climatic conditions and suggests that modern Arctic communities may disappear in the future as a result of global warming.
EVLİYA ÇELEBİ SEYAHATNAMESİNDE KADIN ALGISI
Authors: Gemici Nurettin
Published: December 2023

Çalışma, Evliya Çelebi’nin 1630-1683 tarihleri arasında yapmış olduğu seyahatleri esnasında karşılaştığı kadınlar ve bu bağlamda gelişen olaylara yönelik değerlendirmelerini ele almaktadır. Osmanlı tarihinin özelde XVII. yüzyılına hasredilmekle birlikte, öncesi hakkında da bazı bilgileri havi tespitler üç kıtada hükümran bir devletin şemsiyesi altında yaşayan Müslüman ve gayrimüslim kadınları kapsamaktadır. Evliya Çelebi’nin kadınlara ilişkin gözlemleri sadece İslami bakış açısıyla şekillenmemiş olup; genel manada objektif oluşu, bu toplumlarda yaşayan kadınların konumlarını anlamaya çalışması ve buna dair argümanlar geliştirmesiyle farklılık arz eder. Evliya Çelebi, seyahatnamesinin ikinci cildinden itibaren anlatımında bir şablon oturtmaya çalışmış; bu şablona göre gezdiği gördüğü yerlerde rast geldiği kadınların güzellikleri, giyimleri, davranışları, tesettür anlayışları ve gündelik hayattaki meşguliyetleri hakkında okuyucuya detaylı bilgiler sunmuştur. Evliya Çelebi’nin gerek Osmanlı kadınları gerekse Osmanlı Devleti’nin hâkimiyeti dışında kalan bölgelerde yaşayan Müslüman ve gayrimüslim tebaadan kadınlar hakkında yaptığı değerlendirmeler; bu döneme ait farklı kültür coğrafyalarındaki kadınların özelliklerini karşılaştırma imkânı sağlaması açısından önem arz etmektedir.
Makalede, Evliya Çelebi’nin seyahatnamesini kaleme aldığı dönem ağırlıklı olmak üzere, XVII. yüzyılda yaşamış Müslüman ve gayrimüslim kadınlara dair tespitler ve ilginç bazı anekdotlara yer verilmiştir. Evliya Çelebi’nin kadınlara ilişkin yaptığı tasvirlerdeki yaklaşımı, konuyu ele alma biçimi ve buradan hareketle vardığı sonuçlar günümüze de bazı yönlerden ışık tutmaktadır. Bu çerçevede Evliya Çelebi’nin Osmanlı Devleti’nin Nemçe’ye elçi olarak gönderdiği heyette yer alması nedeniyle Balkanlar ve Orta Avrupa kadınlarından sonra Avusturyalı kadınları yaşadıkları yerlerde görme ve tanıma imkânı olduğu ifade edilmektedir. Yine, serhatte Osmanlı akıncılarıyla birlikte akına çıktığında rast geldiği ve tanıdığı kadınlarla ilgili tespitlerde bulunmuştur. Seyahatnamenin Müslüman kadınlarla ilgili kısımlarında iki yaklaşım söz konusudur. Özellikle kadınlarla ilgili katı tutumlarıyla bilinen Tataristan ve Bitlis, Diyarbakır ve benzeri şehirlerde bu davranış övülürken serhatlerdeki kalelerde düşmana karşı savaşan kadınlar cesaretlerinden dolayı övülmüştür. Gördüğü ve duyduğu bazı hadiselerden ötürü dönemindeki kadınların evden dışarı çıkarılmaması, erkeklerle ihtilattan geri durmasını zaman zaman istese de bunun şeriata aykırı olduğunu da belirtir. Sonuç olarak gayrimüslim toplumlarda kadınların giyim ve rahat davranışlarını anlayışla karşılamakla birlikte Osmanlı ve çevresindeki dünyadaki Müslüman kadınların giyimi ve dış dünyadaki hal ve hareketleri konusunda övgüler ve yergileri de olmuştur. Aslında bu tür yaklaşımların şeriata muhalif olduğunu da açık yüreklilikle belirtmiştir.
MAKÂSİDÜ’Ş-ŞERÎ’A VE FIKIH METODOLOJİSİNİN BİRBİRİYLE İLİŞKİSİ
Authors: Altun Muhammed Latif
Published: December 2023

Mütekellim, maksadını sözcükler vasıtasıyla dışa yansıtmaktadır. Ancak sözcükler mütekellimin maksadını her zaman net bir şekilde muhataba bildirmeyebilir. Bu durumda mütekellimin maksadının ne olduğunu kavramak amacıyla başka karinelere başvurulur. İçinde bulunulan ortam, zaman, kelamın siyak ve sibakı bu karinelerin en önemlilerini oluşturmaktadır. Buna göre mütekellimin amacının anlaşılmasında sadece sözcükler yetmez aynı zamanda söz konusu bu karinelerin göz önünde bulundurulması gerekmektedir. Bu düşünceden hareketle Şâriʻin maksadının/muradının ve ahkâmın tayin edilmesinin, sadece Şâriʻin sarf ettiği ifadelerle mümkün bir durum olmadığı söylenebilir. O’nun kelamıyla birlikte sebeb-i nüzül ve sebeb-i vurûd gibi faktörlerin de göz önünde bulundurulması gerekmektedir. Bu nedenle usulcüler, Şâri’in kelamıyla birlikte maksadının da göz önünde bulundurulması gerektiğini belirtirler. Bu gereklilikten makâsıdü’ş-şerîʻa ile fıkıh usûlünün birbiriyle olan ilişkisi önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmada özellikle son dönem bilginlerinden olan Tahir b. Âşûr’un makâsıdü’ş-şerîʻa fıkhının fıkıh usûlünden ayrı bir bilim dalı olarak düşünülmesi ve geliştirilmesi gerektiği iddiasının doğru olup olmadığı ele alınmıştır. Bu kapsamda makâsıdü’ş-şerîʻa ve fıkıh usûlünün tanımlarına yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca hem makâsidü’ş-şerîʻa hem de fıkıh usûlü ilimleriyle ilişkisi olan ictihad, mesâlih, hikmet ve illet gibi kavramlara da yer verilmiştir.
FAHREDDİN ER-RÂZÎ'NİN MEFÂTÎHU’L-GAYB ADLI ESERİNDE MÜNÂSEBÂTÜ’L-KUR’AN’A YAKLAŞIMININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Arslan Yahya
Published: December 2023

İnsanlık için hidayet vesilesi olarak gönderilen Kur’an-ı Kerim çeşitli sebeplerle ve farklı zamanlarda indirilmiştir. Buna rağmen gerek âyetler gerekse sureler arasında bir ilgi ve alaka vardır. Bu alakaya Münâsebâtü’l-Kur’an denilmektedir. Münâsebâtü’l-Kur’an ilmi, lafız veya mana bakımından âyetler ve sureler arasında mevcut olan ilgi ve alakayı konu edinmektedir. Âyetlerin ve farklı görüşler olmakla birlikte surelerin Kur’an’daki tertibi tevkîfî olduğundan bazı âyet ve surelerin arasında münasebet olduğu görünmektedir. Hatta bu münasebet o kadar kuvvetlidir ki herhangi bir âyetin veya surenin yerini değiştirmek mümkün değildir. Çünkü Kur’an’ın üslubundan kaynaklı mantıksal bir bağ söz konusudur. Münasebet ilmine değer veren ve tefsirinde her fırsatta bu münasebete değinen müfessirlerden birisi de Fahreddin er-Râzî'dir. Râzî “Kur’an’ın tamamı tek bir sure hatta tek bir âyettir.” demek suretiyle bu ilme vurgu yapmakta ve gerek âyetler gerekse sureler arasındaki uyumu dikkatlere sunmaktadır. Râzî bu şekilde Kur’an’daki mana bütünlüğünü de ortaya koymaktadır. Münâsebât ilminin önemine binaen bu araştırmada her alanda söz sahibi olan Râzî’nin Mefâtîhu’l-Gayb adlı eserinde Münâsebâtü’l-Kur’an’a nasıl yer verdiğini izah ederek onun bu ilimdeki yetkinliğini ve bu ilmin Kur’an’ın anlaşılmasına katkısını da dikkatlere sunmak amaçlanmaktadır. Yöntem olarak bu tefsirdeki bazı âyetler ve sureler arasındaki münasebet incelenmektedir. Bu çalışma hem âyetler hem de sureler arasındaki münasebetten bahseden Münâsebâtü’l-Kur’an ilminin alt başlıklarıyla değerlendirilmesini kapsamaktadır. Neticede Münâsebâtü’l-Kur’an’ı en etkili ve mantıklı bir şekilde ele alan gerek sureler gerekse âyetler arasındaki bağlantıyı tespit ve izah noktasında eşsiz bir maharet sergileyen Fahreddin Râzî’nin, bu ilimdeki hünerini ortaya koyarak “Kur’an’ın tamamı tek bir sure hatta tek bir âyettir.” tezini ve iddiasını ispat ettiği ortaya konulmaktadır.
İBNÜ’L-MU’TEZ VE AV ŞİİRLERİ
Authors: Aydın İbrahim
Published: December 2023

Abbâsî şairlerinden olan İbnü’l-Muʿtez, küçük yaştan itibaren şiire büyük ilgi duymuş ve birçok konuda şiirler ortaya koymuştur. Şiirlerde geleneğin sürdürülmesi gerektiğini söylese de kendisi daha çok yenilikçi bir metot takip etmiş, şekil ve içerik açısından zamanın şartlarını yansıtan şiirler inşat etmiştir. Nitekim bu özelliğinden dolayı “yenilikçi şair” olarak nitelendirilmiştir. Klasik Arap şiirinin bütün konularında başarılı görülen İbnü’l-Muʿtez, bazılarında daha çok öne çıkmış ve daha yetenekli kabul edilmiştir. Bunlardan biri de av şiirleridir. Arap şiirinin temel konularından biri olan av şiirleri, Abbâsî Dönemi’ne kadar şiirlerde müstakil olarak incelenmemiş, farklı türdeki kaside ve şiirlerin içerisinde kendisine yer bulabilmiştir. Abbâsî Dönemi’nde ise şiirlerde önemli bir yer teşkil etmiş, bağımsız bir şekilde şiirlere konu edilmiştir. Av şiirlerinin bu dönemde bağımsızlaşıp Arap şiirinin müstakil konularından biri haline gelmesinde dönemin bazı şairlerinin büyük katkısı olmuştur. Şairler, bununla da kalmamış av şiirlerinin şekil ve içerik bakımından gelişmesine büyük katkı sağlamışlardır. Bunlardan biri de İbnü’l-Muʿtez’dir. Bu çalışmada İbnü’l-Muʿtez’in şairliği ve av şiirindeki konumuna değinilecek, şiirlerinin şekil ve içerik yönünden incelemesi yapılacaktır.
MU’TEZİLE’NİN BASRA’DA ORTAYA ÇIKIŞI VE FAALİYETLERİ
Authors: Usluer Mehmet
Published: December 2023

Hz. Ömer döneminde Sâsâni topraklarına düzenlenen fütûhâta katılan askerlere destek olmak amacıyla askeri bir üs olarak kurulan şehirlerden biri Basra’dır. Kuruluşu sırasında fetih hareketlerine katılan Arap kabilelerin yerleştiği şehir, zamanla farklı kültür, ırk ve inançtan halklara ev sahipliği yaptı. Bu sayede büyüyen kent, toplumsal grupların birbirlerini etkilemesi neticesinde siyasi ve sosyo-kültürel açıdan kozmopolit bir hale geldi. Bu durum aynı zamanda Basra’yı İslam dünyasının önemli ilim merkezlerinden biri haline getirdi. Kozmopolit yapı, zamanla şehirde birbirinden farklı düşünce sistemlerinin ortaya çıkmasını da sağladı. Bunlardan biri olan Mu‘tezile düşünce sistemi Basra’da yaşanan tartışmalar sırasında ortaya çıktı. Bu sistemin kurucuları arasında zikredilen Vâsıl b. Atâ ve Amr b Ubeyd’in faaliyetleri sonucu Mu‘tezile düşüncesi kısa bir sürede farklı coğrafyalarına yayıldı ve İslam düşünce dünyasını derinden etkiledi. Bu noktada Mu‘tezile’nin Basra’da ortaya çıkışı ve yayılması ile bunlara etki eden sosyal ve siyasi faktörler önem arz etmektedir. Bu öneme binaen yapılan çalışmanın odak noktasını; Mu‘tezile’nin ortaya çıkışına dair tartışmalar, beş temel ilkenin oluşumunda rol oynayan sosyo-kültürel etkiler ile Mu‘tezile mensuplarının şehirde gerçekleştirmiş oldukları dini ve siyasi faaliyetler oluşturacaktır.
The impact of agency theory on organizational behavior: a systematic literature review of the latest research findings
Authors: Syafriadi Eko , Sitepu Herdini Br , Andini Yasha Putri , Muda Iskandar , Kesuma Sambas Ade
Published: December 2023

This paper discusses the impact of Agency Theory on organizational behavior. A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the latest research findings on key concepts and empirical insights related to Agency Theory. This study involved an analysis of 137 papers from various database sources, and 31 papers were selected as data references for this study. The results showed that Agency Theory influences decision making, risk management, and overall dynamics in organizations. Agency Theory views that the relationship between agents and principals in organizations can influence individual behavior in the work environment. The principles of Agency Theory that influence individual behavior in the work environment include incentives, monitoring, and control. And this paper provides a deeper understanding of the practical implications of Agency Theory.
Agency, Appropriation, Politics: Three Epistemological Keys Towards an Aesthetics of Play
Authors: Ferreira Emmanoel
Published: December 2023

Based on a dialogue with authors of pragmatist philosophy, game studies, and communication, this article intends to understand the relationship between aesthetic experience and ludic media, in particular digital games, in what this relationship distinguishes from the aesthetic experiences provided by different media, such as literature, music, film and the arts in general. To better understand this relationship, we propose the presentation and development of three epistemological axes (or keys), namely: i) aesthetics and agency, ii) aesthetics and appropriation, and iii) aesthetics and politics. Furthermore, this article intends to present and comment on selected works of digital games to illustrate the relationship between play and aesthetic experience in each of those respective axes.
Urinary tract infection triggering hypercalcemic crisis in an asymptomatic patient with primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Mohamed Faiz , Shihabudheen Pichen , Kotta Veluthedathu Mohammed Javad , Thattaril Muhammed Unais , Uvais Nalakath Arakkal
Published: December 2023

Hypercalcemic crisis (HC) is a rare and severe complication of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), characterized by markedly elevated serum calcium levels and diverse clinical manifestations. PHPT is the primary cause of hypercalcemia and is often asymptomatic. The factors that trigger HC in PHPT are not fully understood. Here we report a patient who was diagnosed with HC resulting from previously undetected PHPT. Remarkably, the patient exhibited no symptoms of PHPT before the HC episode. The patient presented with neurological symptoms, including altered behavior and slurred speech, which were attributed to hypercalcemia. The probable trigger for HC in this case appears to be an acute febrile illness related to a urinary tract infection (UTI). The occurrence of an acute febrile illness or UTI as a precipitating factor for HC in PHPT is a rare and infrequently documented phenomenon in the existing medical literature.
Simple asymmetry indicators tested in natural even-aged Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in Bulgaria
Authors: Petrin Rumen
Published: December 2023

Based on 101 sample plots laid in Scots pine forest dendrocenoses aged 72 as an average with fulness around and over 0.7 has the structure in thickness, more exactly – the asymmetry of the distribution of tree numbers according to thickness, been investigated. Based on a retrospective analysis theoretically proved new indices have been introduced for finding and investigating this asymmetry, as well as a new indicator of asymmetry. The results obtained show that: a). The indices of asymmetry and the indicator of asymmetry, which proceeds from the indices, are in a close correlation (R2 = 0.93; 0.94) with the coefficients of asymmetry and are suitable for generalised comparative studies. b). The currently used generalised indicator of asymmetry – the zero natural indicator has a weaker correlation with the coefficient of asymmetry as compared with the correlation between the index of asymmetry and the indicator of asymmetry. c). The comparison between the indices of asymmetry for thickness structure and the indices of steepness for height structure has revealed a common trend as to inversely proportional change in these two kinds of indices and their correlation is R = 0.26. The general conclusion is that the indices and indicators of asymmetry are completely suitable and effective for generalised comparative studies such as, for example, the comparison between the structures in thickness and height of forest dendrocenoses.
Tree inventory in urban areas using smartphone
Authors: Lebedev Aleksandr
Published: December 2023

In recent years, specialized software for smartphones has been developed to collect biometric indicators of trees, including the use of built-in LiDAR sensors. Mobile applications for the inventory of trees and forest stands are still at the initial stage of their development; therefore, it is necessary to compare the data obtained with their use with the measurement data obtained using traditional methods. For Russia, the technology for determining tree and stand indicators and mapping trees using a smartphone remains untested. Therefore, the aim of the study was to study the possibility of using a smartphone (Arboreal Forest application) to determine tree indicators and map trees using the example of old-growth alley plantings. The study was carried out in old-growth alley plantings of small-leaved lime (Tilia cordata Mill.) on the territory of the former Zootechnical College, located in the Ekimtsevo village, Kologrivsky District, Kostroma Region. Data collection was conducted in July 2023 using 1) the traditional method and 2) the Arboreal Forest application. The accuracy of the results obtained corresponds to the requirements for inventory indicated in the forest inventory instructions. For the object of study, it was revealed that the deviation of the quadratic mean diameter calculated according to the Arboreal Forest data (47.3 cm) from the measurement data with a caliper (48.8 cm) was -3.1% (-1.5 cm), and basal areas -6.18 % or -3.28 m2. Also, compared to the traditional method, Arboreal Forest tends to underestimate trunk diameters (especially for large trees) and, as a result, basal areas. The structure of the tree distribution series by Arboreal Forest tree diameter distribution is generally close to the distribution series obtained by the traditional method. In the future, applications for smartphones can become an effective alternative to traditional methods of tree and stand inventory.