bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Apoptotic cell death and ways of its initiation in case of experimental obesity
Authors: Marushchak M. I.
Published: February 2017

In the article there were studied the levels of altered apoptotic and necrotic cells of blood leukocyte suspension and their correlation with indicators of free radical oxidation, cytokine status, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism on experimental models of obesity. Methods of statistical analysis are showed that the activation of programmed cell death during experimental obesity in the rats is characterized by an increase of the percentage of annexin-positive leukocyte in 2.1 times in cell suspension. Violation of immunological reactivity together with increasing concentrations of leptin, total cholesterol and triacylglycerols levels plays f significant role in this changes.
The method of the side effects protection of megestrol acetate, when used in cats
Authors: Shcherbakova Iu. V. , Smolianinov B. V.
Published: February 2017

The possibility of preventing the negative metabolic effects of megestrol acetate in the body of cats using it as a means to suppress the manifestations of the estrous cycle was investigated. It was found that in cats, which are used megestrol acetate for 7 days after dosing hemoglobin level decreased to 1.17 times, and on the fourteenth day was 1.33 times. It was determined that increasing the number of eosinophils in animals which megestrol acetate is used 2.7 times at 14 hours after dosing, animals receiving the drug protective iron eosinophils increased by 2.2 times on the fourteenth day after administration. In cats, the group which used megestrol acetate ALT activity increased by 16.9 % on the fourth day after the beginning of the experiment, 33.6 % on the 7th, and by 55.6 % on the fourteenth day after the administration of the drug as compared to the initial activity, whereas the animals which were used tread means the phenomenon was not observed. We found that increased levels of glucose in the animals of the first group by 14 % on the 4th day, 22 % on the 7th day and 22.4 % on the 14th day after the drug compared with the baseline values. It is found that the use of iron dextran solution in a dose of 7.5 mg / kg concurrently with megestrol acetate significantly reduces blood biochemical shift in profile in cats. It is shown that iron with simultaneous application of megestrol acetate formulation prevents a sharp decrease in the number of erythrocytes and increase of eosinophils in the blood of cats.
Kcnj11
Ablation Is Associated With Increased Nitro-Oxidative Stress During Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Zhang Bo , Novitskaya Tatiana , Wheeler Debra G. , Xu Zhaobin , Chepurko Elena , Huttinger Ryan , He Heng , Varadharaj Saradhadevi , Zweier Jay L. , Song Yanna , Xu Meng , Harrell Frank E. , Su Yan Ru , Absi Tarek , Kohr Mark J. , Ziolo Mark T. , Roden Dan M. , Shaffer Christian M. , Galindo Cristi L. , Wells Quinn S. , Gumina Richard J.
Published: February 2017

Background—

Despite increased secondary cardiovascular events in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), the expression of innate cardiac protective molecules in the hearts of patients with ICM is incompletely characterized. Therefore, we used a nonbiased RNAseq approach to determine whether differences in cardiac protective molecules occur with ICM.

Methods and Results—

RNAseq analysis of human control and ICM left ventricular samples demonstrated a significant decrease in
KCNJ11
expression with ICM.
KCNJ11
encodes the Kir6.2 subunit of the cardioprotective K
ATP
channel. Using wild-type mice and
kcnj11
-deficient (
kcnj11
-null) mice, we examined the effect of
kcnj11
expression on cardiac function during ischemia-reperfusion injury. Reactive oxygen species generation increased in
kcnj11
-null hearts above that found in wild-type mice hearts after ischemia-reperfusion injury. Continuous left ventricular pressure measurement during ischemia and reperfusion demonstrated a more compromised diastolic function in
kcnj11
-null compared with wild-type mice during reperfusion. Analysis of key calcium-regulating proteins revealed significant differences in
kcnj11
-null mice. Despite impaired relaxation,
kcnj11
-null hearts increased phospholamban Ser16 phosphorylation, a modification that results in the dissociation of phospholamban from sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+
, thereby increasing sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+
–mediated calcium reuptake. However,
kcnj11
-null mice also had increased 3-nitrotyrosine modification of the sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+
-ATPase, a modification that irreversibly impairs sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+
function, thereby contributing to diastolic dysfunction.

Conclusions—

KCNJ11
expression is decreased in human ICM. Lack of
kcnj11
expression increases peroxynitrite-mediated modification of the key calcium-handling protein sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca
2+
-ATPase after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, contributing to impaired diastolic function. These data suggest a mechanism for ischemia-induced diastolic dysfunction in patients with ICM.
Taxonomy of 'Euconnus complex'. Part X. Drastophus placed as a junior synonym of Tetramelus, and Smicrophus as a junior synonym of Napochus (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)
Authors: JAŁOSZYŃSKI PAWEŁ
Published: February 2017

Drastophus and Smicrophus were originally described as genera of Nearctic Scydmaeninae. Drastophus was later synonymized with Euconnus s. str., and subsequently resurrected as a subgenus of Euconnus. Smicrophus was also proposed as a genus, and later placed as a subgenus of Euconnus. However, examination of the type species of each subgenus in the present study led to different conclusions. Drastophus laevicollis differs only in minor details from the type species of Euconnus (Tetramelus), namely in a shorter head, and the pronotum not constricted near base and lacking the median longitudinal antebasal carina. These differences are not sufficient to maintain Drastophus as a separate subgenus, and this name is placed as a junior synonym of Tetramelus. Smicrophus leviceps, in turn, is very similar to Euconnus (Napochus); the only differences in relation to the type species of Napochus are the pronotum broadest slightly in front of base instead of at base, head lacking bristles, lateral antebasal pronotal pits shifted to a more submedian position, and a different shape of hypostomal ridges. Some of these characters were previously found to be variable within Napochus, and others are only minor differences that can also be interpreted as variability within a subgenus. Consequently, Smicrophus is placed as a junior synonym of Napochus.
Acerentulus tortii sp. nov. from Greece (Protura: Acerentomidae)
Authors: GALLI LORIS , CAPURRO MATTEO , LIONETTI GIUSEPPE , ZINNI MATTEO
Published: February 2017

A new species of Protura, Acerentulus tortii sp. nov., from the island of Euboea, central Greece, is described and illustrated. The new species belongs to the A. cunhai species group, based on a short foretarsal sensillum a not reaching seta γ3, and sensilla b and c subequal in length. The most similar species are A. christensoni (Ewing, 1940) and A. rafalskii Szeptycki, 1979), from which A. tortii sp. nov. differs by the porotaxy of sternite III and the lengths of various foretarsal sensilla.
Understanding the Revival of the Indian Summer Monsoon after Breaks
Authors: Govardhan Dandu , Rao Vadlamudi Brahmananda , Ashok Karumuri
Published: February 2017

In this paper, the authors suggest a dynamical mechanism involved in the revival of the summer monsoon after breaks. In this context, the authors carry out a diagnostic analysis using the datasets from National Centers for Environmental Prediction Reanalysis 2 for the period 1979–2007 to identify a robust mechanism that typifies breaks and subsequent revival of monsoon. The authors find during the peak of significant breaks an anomalous southward shift of the subtropical westerly jet stream, which is invariably accompanied by an anomalous northward shift of a stronger-than-normal easterly jet. These major changes during a break facilitate an instability mechanism, which apparently leads to formation of a synoptic disturbance. Formation of such a disturbance is critical to the subsequent revival of the summer monsoon in 61% of the observed break-to-active revivals.

Computations of energetics and correlation analysis carried out suggest an increase in the eddy kinetic energy at the expense of the mean kinetic energy during the breaks, in agreement with the formation of the synoptic disturbance. This demonstrates that barotropic instability in the presence of a monsoon basic flow is the primary physical mechanism that controls the revival of the summer monsoon subsequent to the break events.
Nonlinear ENSO Warming Suppression (NEWS)
Authors: Kohyama Tsubasa , Hartmann Dennis L.
Published: February 2017

In global warming experiments, the majority of global climate models warm faster in the eastern equatorial Pacific than in the west and produce a weakening of the Walker circulation. In contrast, GFDL-ESM2M is an exception that exhibits a La Niña–like mean-state warming with a strengthening of the Walker circulation. This study explores the cause of this exceptional response and proposes a new mechanism, the nonlinear ENSO warming suppression (NEWS), where the transient heating rate difference between the atmospheric and oceanic reservoirs annihilates extreme El Niños, causing a suppression of mean-state warming in the east. Heat budget analyses of GFDL-ESM2M robustly show that nonlinear dynamical heating, which is necessary for extremely warm El Niños, becomes negligible under warming. An idealized nonlinear recharge oscillator model suggests that, if the temperature difference between the atmospheric and oceanic reservoirs becomes larger than some threshold value, the upwelling becomes too efficient for El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) to retain its nonlinearity. Therefore, extreme El Niños dissipate but La Niñas remain almost unchanged, causing a La Niña–like mean-state warming. NEWS is consistent with observations and GFDL-ESM2M but not with the majority of state-of-the-art models, which lack realistic ENSO nonlinearity. NEWS and its opposite response to atmospheric cooling, the nonlinear ENSO cooling suppression (NECS), might contribute to the Pacific multidecadal natural variability and global warming hiatuses.
Variability of Cloudiness over Mountain Terrain in the Western United States
Authors: Sumargo Edwin , Cayan Daniel R.
Published: February 2017

This study investigates the spatial and temporal variability of cloudiness across mountain zones in the western United States. Daily average cloud albedo is derived from a 19-yr series (1996–2014) of half-hourly Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) images. During springtime when incident radiation is active in driving snowmelt–runoff processes, the magnitude of daily cloud variations can exceed 50% of long-term averages. Even when aggregated over 3-month periods, cloud albedo varies by ±10% of long-term averages in many locations. Rotated empirical orthogonal functions (REOFs) of daily cloud albedo anomalies over high-elevation regions of the western conterminous United States identify distinct regional patterns, wherein the first five REOFs account for ~67% of the total variance. REOF1 is centered over Northern California and Oregon and is pronounced between November and March. REOF2 is centered over the interior northwest and is accentuated between March and July. Each of the REOF/rotated principal components (RPC) modes associates with anomalous large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns and one or more large-scale teleconnection indices (Arctic Oscillation, Niño-3.4, and Pacific–North American), which helps to explain why anomalous cloudiness patterns take on regional spatial scales and contain substantial variability over seasonal time scales.
Invigoration and Capping of a Convective Rainband ahead of a Potential Vorticity Anomaly
Authors: Vaughan Geraint , Antonescu Bogdan , Schultz David M. , Dearden Christopher
Published: February 2017

Deep convection frequently occurs on the eastern side of upper-level troughs, or potential vorticity (PV) anomalies. This is consistent with uplift ahead of a cyclonic PV anomaly, and consequent reduction in static stability and increase of convective available potential energy (CAPE). Nevertheless, the causal link between upper-level PV and deep convection has not been proven, and given that lift, moisture, and instability must all be present for deep convection to occur it is not clear that upper-level forcing is sufficient. In this paper a convective rainband that intensified ahead of a cyclonic PV anomaly in an environment with little CAPE (~10 J kg−1) is examined to determine the factors responsible for its intensification. The key feature was a low-level convergence line, arising from the remnants of an occluded front embedded in the low-level cyclonic flow. The rainband’s intensity and morphology was influenced by the remnants of a tropopause fold that capped convection at midlevels in the southern part of the band, and by a reduction in upper-level static stability in the northern part of the band that allowed the convection to reach the tropopause. Ascent ahead of the trough appears to have played only a minor role in conditioning the atmosphere to convection: in most cases the ascending airstream had previously descended in the flow west of the trough axis. Thus, simple “PV thinking” is not capable of describing the development of the rainband, and it is concluded that preexisting low-level wind and humidity features played the dominant role.
Pathologic Markers in Surgically Treated HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer: Retrospective Study, Systematic Review, and Meta-analysis
Authors: Tassone Patrick , Crawley Meghan , Bovenzi Cory , Zhan Tingting , Keane William , Cognetti David , Luginbuhl Adam , Curry Joseph
Published: February 2017

Objective:

Human papillomavirus–associated (HPV) oropharyngeal cancer is a unique clinical entity whose incidence is increasing. It is controversial whether traditional pathologic markers of aggressive head and neck cancer also apply in surgically treated HPV-associated disease.

Study Design:

Retrospective study, systematic review, and meta-analysis

Data Sources:

PubMed and Cochrane review.

Review Methods:

PubMed and Cochrane review were searched for published articles on surgically treated HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer. Eligible studies were included in a meta-analysis of survival using several clinicopathologic markers as predictors. Surgically treated HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer patients at our institution were studied retrospectively and added to the meta-analysis.

Results:

Eight published reports, plus our retrospective series, were included in the meta-analysis. This showed significant impact on event-free survival for T stage, nodal number, perineural invasion, and lymphovascular invasion (all P < .05) but not for N stage extracapsular extension ( P = ns).

Conclusions:

While many traditional clinico-pathologic markers of aggressive disease in head and neck cancer also impact survival in surgically treated HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer, extracapsular extension may be less important.
The shaping of sustainable careers post hearing loss: Toward greater understanding of adult onset disability, disability identity, and career transitions
Authors: Baldridge David C , Kulkarni Mukta
Published: February 2017

Through this interview-based study with 40 respondents in the United States we have outlined enablers of career transitions and sustainable careers for professionals who have experienced severe hearing loss as adults. To sustain careers after adult onset disability, respondents engaged in a quest for meaning and big picture answers to ‘who am I?’ and ‘am I still successful?’ This included redefining themselves – e.g. I am now both a person with a disability (disability identity) and a successful professional (professional identity) – and career success (e.g. now I care about service to society as much as I care about material artifacts). Respondents also adopted new work roles where disability was a key to success (e.g. becoming an equal employment officer) and utilized social networks to continue being successful. Such redefining of work and networks supported the aforesaid quest for meaning and big picture answers. Findings not only indicate how individuals experience career success after a life-changing event but also help defamiliarize extant notions of ableism in workplace contexts.
An exploratory study of the extent of social inclusion among people with psychosis and psychotic-related conditions
Authors: Turner Niall , Ferguson Lisa , Hill Michele , Nesbitt Tara , O’Callaghan Eadbhard , O’Mahony Paul , Clarke Mary
Published: February 2017

Background:

Understanding social inclusion among at-risk populations will deepen our understanding of their specific needs.

Aim:

This study explored the level of social inclusion among people with psychotic-related conditions using a standardised interview.

Method:

The Social Inclusion Interview Schedule was used in two research projects. People with psychosis participated in both studies and had been recruited as part of an Irish programme of research on psychotic conditions. Descriptive statistics were used to quantify participants’ level of social exclusion.

Results:

Data from 71 participants were available, 38 in one cohort and 33 in the other. The smaller cohort had a shorter mean duration of illness. Participants’ mean age was 40. The majority lived in the community and were satisfied with their living arrangements. In each cohort, the same two areas of community integration emerged as problematic – having something productive to do and being close to someone in the community. There was a higher level of perceived stigma among the cohort with the longer duration of illness.

Discussion/Conclusion:

While evidence of social inclusion was found among participants, there were areas of concern particularly with regard to integration into work and social connectedness.
Nerve Management and Crime Accomplishment
Authors: Jacobs Bruce A. , Cherbonneau Michael
Published: February 2017

Objective:

To examine the theoretical import of nerve management for offender decision-making and crime accomplishment.

Methods:

Data were culled from in-depth, semistructured interviews with 35 active auto thieves.

Results:

Nerve management is best considered an intervening exercise in the threat perception process that moderates the fear-offending relationship through its effect on nervousness. Offenders draw from both cognitive and presentational tactics to this end. Such tactics include self-medication, shunting, fatalism, smoothness, and lens widening.

Conclusions:

Since nervousness is both caused by sanction threats and produces conduct that potentially neutralizes those threats, nerve management is best considered an agentic response that modifies the perception of risk itself.
Conditioning and breeding facilities for the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) in the Philippines: a progress report on the SICONBREC project
Authors: Hobbs K. R. , Welshman M. D. , Nazareno J. B. , Resuello R. G.
Published: February 2017

Large-scale breeding of Macaca fascicularis in the country of origin is a way in which the demands of the research community can be met whilst the feral population of monkeys is safeguarded. The establishment of the SICONBREC project and the success of its breeding programme to date is clear evidence of the future trend in the supply of non-human primates for biomedical research.
Helping Doctoral Students Establish Long-Term Identities as Technical Communication Scholars
Authors: Grant-Davie Keith , Matheson Breeanne , James Stephens Eric
Published: February 2017

This article aims to help doctoral students in technical communication prepare themselves for the academic job market and for the subsequent process of earning tenure and promotion in increasingly demanding environments. The authors propose that students do four things: (a) learn to spot and articulate research problems; (b) find their vocation—the work to which they feel a personal calling—within technical communication; (c) identify the research methods that best suit their personalities; and (d) articulate a research identity and agenda that they can explain at three different levels of abstraction: describing individual projects, naming the coherent themes that connect these projects, and defining themselves concisely as scholars. All these orienting practices involve students in stepping back, looking for larger patterns in their work and in their professional interests, and finding specific language to represent them.
Real-Time Measurement of Tourists’ Objective and Subjective Emotions in Time and Space
Authors: Shoval Noam , Schvimer Yonatan , Tamir Maya
Published: February 2017

The examination of tourists’ experiences is an essential subject in tourism scholarship. This study presents novel methods by which spatio-temporal data can be combined with physiological measures of emotion and semantic contextual information in order to obtain a comprehensive and integrative understanding of tourists’ experience in time and space. Four data collection techniques were combined and applied to a sample of 68 tourists in Jerusalem: high-resolution locational data, real-time surveying techniques using the experience sampling method, physiological measures of emotion (electrodermal activity), and traditional surveying techniques. We present methods for using these techniques in exploring data on the individual level, comparing pairs of individuals, and examining a sample, providing insight both on the individual’s personal experience and, more broadly, on the emotional characteristics of locations and tourist attractions in a city. Theoretical and methodological implications as well as the limitations of these techniques are discussed.
Parenting, anger, and effortful control as predictors of child externalizing behavior
Authors: Smith Cynthia L. , Day Kimberly L.
Published: February 2017

Externalizing behaviors observed in early childhood have been found to be stable, particularly for boys, but little research has investigated the antecedents of these behaviors, especially how the antecedents may differentially relate to externalizing behaviors in boys and girls. The goal of this study was to explore predictors of externalizing behaviors concurrently in toddlerhood and longitudinally to preschool. When children ( n = 140) were 30–36 months old, maternal supportive and controlling behaviors were observed, and children’s effortful control and anger were measured through observations and maternal report. Mothers reported on children’s externalizing behavior during toddlerhood and approximately 2 years later ( n = 116). Although mean level differences were not found between boys and girls, effortful control was differentially related to externalizing behaviors in toddlerhood. Higher levels of effortful control were associated with less externalizing behaviors for boys but not for girls. Additionally, anger was positively related to externalizing behaviors. Few associations were found for maternal behaviors, which emphasizes the importance of child characteristics in externalizing behaviors. Our findings emphasize how future research should continue to examine relations of early antecedents to concurrent and later externalizing behaviors even if mean level sex differences are not found.
Resistance through Difference: The Co-Constitution of Dissent and Inclusion
Authors: Gagnon Suzanne , Collinson David
Published: February 2017

This article argues that the discursive construction of difference can shape resistance in organizations. Drawing on an inductive study of international teams in a global leadership programme, the paper reveals how difference is discursively produced and reproduced in team members’ talk. In conditions of normalizing control, the majority of teams engage in individuating practices that reinforce internal differences, preclude group cohesion and marginalize certain members. One team, however, explicitly resists programme stipulations in ways that express members’ heterogeneity and simultaneously reinforce group solidarity and inclusion. Referring to these oppositional practices as ‘resistance through difference’, the article describes how dissent challenges the hierarchies and disciplinary practices embedded in the leadership programme, and theorizes the co-constitution of inclusion and resistance. By examining the construction of difference not as ‘a problem’, but as a productive resource, the paper also addresses the generative outcomes of this managerial resistance. We argue that ‘resistance through difference’ is an important form of dissent that could well become more prevalent as globalized business processes expand.
Working with families in youth justice
Authors: Trotter Christopher John
Published: February 2017

There is considerable evidence that family relationships are a factor in youth offending and that working with families of young offenders can improve family relationships and reduce the likelihood of re-offending. There is less evidence that frontline youth justice staff can successfully deliver family interventions to the families of young people on court orders. This study examines a project which involves the delivery of collaborative family work by youth justice workers in New South Wales, Australia, to young people and their families as part of a statutory youth justice service. The paper first outlines the literature, which supports the value of working with the families of young offenders. It then outlines the aims and methodology of the study followed by a discussion of the results, limitations and implications.
Transcriptomic profiling of human hippocampal progenitor cells treated with antidepressants and its application in drug repositioning
Authors: Powell Timothy R , Murphy Tytus , Lee Sang H , Price Jack , Thuret Sandrine , Breen Gerome
Published: February 2017

Current pharmacological treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD) are ineffective in a significant proportion of patients, and the identification of new antidepressant compounds has been difficult. ‘Connectivity mapping’ is a method that can be used to identify drugs that elicit similar downstream effects on mRNA levels when compared to current treatments, and thus may point towards possible repositioning opportunities. We investigated genome-wide transcriptomic changes to human hippocampal progenitor cells treated with therapeutically relevant concentrations of a tricyclic antidepressant (nortriptyline) and a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (escitalopram). We identified mRNA changes common to both drugs to create an ‘antidepressant mRNA signature’. We used this signature to probe the Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures (LINCS) and to identify other compounds that elicit similar changes to mRNA in neural progenitor cells. Results from LINCS revealed that the tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine elicited mRNA changes most similar to our mRNA signature, and we identified W-7 and vorinostat as functionally relevant drug candidates, which may have repositioning potential. Our results are encouraging and represent the first attempt to use connectivity mapping for drug repositioning in MDD.
Relationship between white matter hyperintensities and retinal nerve fiber layer, choroid, and ganglion cell layer thickness in migraine patients
Authors: Iyigundogdu Ilkin , Derle Eda , Asena Leyla , Kural Feride , Kibaroglu Seda , Ocal Ruhsen , Akkoyun Imren , Can Ufuk
Published: February 2017

Aim

To compare the relationship between white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on brain magnetic resonance imaging and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), choroid, and ganglion cell layer (GCL) thicknesses in migraine patients and healthy subjects. We also assessed the role of cerebral hypoperfusion in the formation of these WMH lesions.

Methods

We enrolled 35 migraine patients without WMH, 37 migraine patients with WMH, and 37 healthy control subjects examined in the Neurology outpatient clinic of our tertiary center from May to December 2015. RFNL, choroid, and GCL thicknesses were measured by optic coherence tomography.

Results

There were no differences in the RFNL, choroid, or GCL thicknesses between migraine patients with and without WMH ( p > 0.05). Choroid layer thicknesses were significantly lower in migraine patients compared to control subjects ( p < 0.05), while there were no differences in RFNL and GCL thicknesses ( p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The ‘only cerebral hypoperfusion’ theory was insufficient to explain the pathophysiology of WMH lesions in migraine patients. In addition, the thinning of the choroid thicknesses in migraine patients suggests a potential causative role for cerebral hypoperfusion and decreased perfusion pressure of the choroid layer.
Liturgical Love
Authors: Wolterstorff Nicholas
Published: February 2017

In this article, I focus on the ways in which liturgical participation can be a manifestation of love rather than on the formative effects of liturgy. I introduce the discussion by distinguishing two quite different love commands that Jesus issued: we are to love our neighbors as ourselves, and the followers of Jesus are to love each other as he loved them. The former sort of love I call ‘neighbor love’, the latter, ‘Christ-like friendship love’. I distinguish two ways in which both kinds of love can be manifested: by exercising the love, or by giving symbolic expression to the love. I point to various dimensions of Christ-like friendship love that the New Testament singles out for attention, and show how these dimensions can be exercised in the liturgy. I then point to ways in which neighbor love can be manifested. I conclude with some brief reflections on liturgical participation as formative of love.
Bubble-induced noise and vibration in cylindrical shell filled with liquid nitrogen
Authors: Gupta Manoj Kumar , Sharma Dharmendra S , Lakhera VJ
Published: February 2017

Bubble-induced vibration is a very crucial aspect in some critical systems like laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory. Recently, laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory detected the gravitational wave produced due to the merger of two black holes. To detect the other universe collision event due to other binary pairs like neutron stars, black holes or combination, the sensitivity of the detector should be very high. The sensitivity depends on the reduction of the noise present in the detector system / components. Liquid nitrogen cryopump is also one of the sources for the noise. This noise has been produced due to the bubble structure interaction. The present work analyzes the bubble generated noise spectrum level and its acoustic effect due to induced vibration. The spectrum levels considering force, acceleration, velocity, and displacement effect have been studied in detail for a thin annular fluid (LN2) filled cylindrical shell. It is assumed that the structure of cylindrical shell is homogeneous as well as isotropic. The noise level generated due to radial force excitation resulting from bubble collision has been found to be in the range of −85 dB to −45 dB at a lower resonance frequency.
Deformation analysis and experiments for functional surface of composite antenna structure
Authors: Zhou Jinzhu , Tang Baofu , Zhong Jianfeng , Ma Yajing , Huang Jin
Published: February 2017

Composite structure with embedded microstrip antenna array is a multifunctional structure that can provide the capabilities of a panel skin structure and a radar antenna simultaneously, and it is usually installed in the structural surface of the air, water, and ground vehicles. The environmental load under in-service conditions leads to structural deformations of the composite antenna structure. In this paper, theoretical analysis and experimental validations were presented to investigate the deformations of the functional surface in the composite antenna structure. An electromechanical coupling analysis method was proposed to evaluate the performance of the deformed composite antenna structure subjected to external loads. Composite antenna structure specimens were designed, fabricated, and measured. Using the specimens, experimental systems were built to investigate the deformation. The results show that structural deformation decreases the electromagnetic performance of the composite antenna. The coupling analysis method can be applied to evaluate the performance of the deformed composite antenna structure at the design stage.
Effect of cracks on nonlinear flexural vibration of rotating Timoshenko functionally graded material beam having large amplitude motion
Authors: Panigrahi B , Pohit G
Published: February 2017

This study investigates the stiffening effect due to rotation on the nonlinear vibrational characteristics for cracked Timoshenko beam for the first time. Fixed end of the beam is attached to a rotating hub. Functionally graded material is taken into consideration, in which the properties vary as a continuous function along the depth of the beam. An elastic mass-less rotational spring is assumed in the place of crack, which splits the beam into two different parts. The point on the neutral axis at the fixed end is assumed to be the center of rotation of the beam. Centrifugal force is considered to act towards the spanwise direction and along the neutral axis. An additional displacement due to rotation of the beam along with the centrifugal force is incorporated with the energy formulation. Timoshenko beam theory and classical Ritz method is employed to derive the governing equations. In order to solve the nonlinear governing equations, direct substitution iterative technique is used. Effects of various parameters such as rotating speeds, radius of hub, depth of crack, location of crack, and different functionally graded material properties on linear and nonlinear vibration characteristics are studied. Validity of the present methodology is assured by comparing the results with some of the results from the existing literatures.
Dynamic virtual simulation of the occurrence and severity of edge loading in hip replacements associated with variation in the rotational and translational surgical position
Authors: Leng Joanna , Al-Hajjar Mazen , Wilcox Ruth , Jones Alison , Barton David , Fisher John
Published: February 2017

Variation in the surgical positioning of total hip replacement can result in edge loading of the femoral head on the rim of the acetabular cup. Previous work has reported the effect of edge loading on the wear of hip replacement bearings with a fixed level of dynamic biomechanical hip separation. Variations in both rotational and translational surgical positioning of the hip joint replacement combine to influence both the biomechanics and the tribology including the severity of edge loading, the amount of dynamic separation, the force acting on the rim of the cup and the resultant wear and torque acting on the cup. In this study, a virtual model of a hip joint simulator has been developed to predict the effect of variations in some surgical positioning (inclination and medial-lateral offset) on the level of dynamic separation and the contact force of the head acting on the rim as a measure of severity of edge loading. The level of dynamic separation and force acting on the rim increased with increased translational mismatch between the centres of the femoral head and the acetabular cup from 0 to 4 mm and with increased cup inclination angle from 45° to 65°. The virtual model closely replicated the dynamics of the experimental hip simulator previously reported, which showed similar dynamic biomechanical trends, with the highest level of separation being found with a mismatch of 4 mm between the centres of the femoral head and acetabular cup and 65° cup inclination angle.
Two centuries of innovation, transformation and transition in the UK gas industry: Where next?
Authors: Pearson Peter JG , Arapostathis Stathis
Published: February 2017

Britain’s gas system developed in the early 1800s. Over the past two centuries the system and its local, national and international networks have experienced much socio-technical innovation, governance changes and six key transitions. Since the Climate Change Act of 2008, it faces a seventh challenging transition as the UK moves uncertainly towards a low-carbon energy system, including decarbonising electricity, heat and transport. The paper explores: the origins of the system by Murdoch, Boulton and Watt; the early 19th century development of local gas networks; innovative responses to, inter alia, the challenge of incandescent electric light from the 1880s, including the expansion of the customer base and the development and active promotion of cooking and heat services – the growth, fragmentation and incoherence of the industry between the two World Wars; the post-war period that saw the industry nationalised in 1948, as the multi-fuel economy developed; the institutional, technical and social challenges associated with the conversion to North Sea natural gas in the 1960s; and innovation and change in response to the challenges that flowed from the privatisation of British Gas in 1987. The paper shows how examining past processes of innovation, transition and transformation through the lens of institutional ‘governance logics’ helps appreciate the challenges faced by system actors, technologies, institutions and regulators in the past and offers insights into the issues posed by the low-carbon transition. The paper begins by outlining some analytical concepts used in the analysis. We then examine the regime’s six past transitions. The paper concludes by considering what insights these past experiences suggest for a seventh transition towards a low-carbon economy, for the future governance of the UK gas system and its networks and particularly for natural gas.
Dynamic analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric cylindrical panels by a three-dimensional mesh-free model
Authors: Foroutan Mehrdad , Mohammadi Farah , Alihemati Jaber , Soltanimaleki Arman
Published: February 2017

In this work, dynamic analysis of functionally graded piezoelectric cylindrical panels is carried out under different mechanical and electrical loads and boundary conditions by a three-dimensional mesh-free model. Moving least squares approximation is used in the weak form of governing equations including three-dimensional equations of motion and Maxwell’s equation. Transformation method is applied to impose the essential boundary conditions. A power-law distribution is used to determine the effective material properties in the panel. The resulting system of differential equations is solved using Newmark time integration method. After validation of the proposed model, parametric study is carried out to investigate the effects of boundary conditions, geometry of panel, and distribution of constituent materials on natural frequencies and dynamic response of functionally graded piezoelectric panel.
Should Irregular Immigrants Be (Rapidly) Enfranchised?
Authors: Angell Kim , Huseby Robert
Published: February 2017

Theories of voting rights differ quite sharply with regard to whether or not they support (rapid) enfranchisement of irregular immigrants. In this paper, we first outline these theories and their implications. We then assess a number of reasons against rapidly enfranchising irregular immigrants. We find, on reflection, that none of these reasons are persuasive. While this result is not in itself sufficient to draw strong conclusions, it does offer some support to the more inclusive theories of voting rights, and poses a challenge to the less inclusive ones.
Endoscopic Recession of the Gastrocnemius Tendon
Authors: Phisitkul Phinit , Barg Alexej , Amendola Annunziato
Published: February 2017

Gastrocnemius contracture is a common condition associated with painful overload symptoms in the forefoot and midfoot. Multiple techniques have been described for the recession of gastrocnemius tendon in patients who failed nonsurgical treatment. We present an endoscopic recession technique for the release of the gastrocnemius tendon just distal to the level of the musculotendinous junction as a minimally invasive operative option. This technique aims to decrease wound complications, unsightly scar, overlengthening, and postoperative pain, while having versatility for performing with supine or prone positioning.
Previously undescribed vitamin D C-3 epimer occurs in substantial amounts in the blood of cats
Authors: Sprinkle Megan C , Hooper Sarah E , Backus Robert C
Published: February 2017

Objectives

The aim of this report is to describe the identification of a novel vitamin D metabolite, a C-3, alpha-epimer of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (3-epi-25(OH)D3), in serum and plasma extracts of cat blood and compare its abundance in cat, dog and rat serum to 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3), a conventional marker of vitamin D status.

Methods

Serum 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 concentrations were measured in healthy cohorts of cats (n = 8), dogs (n = 8) and rats (n = 17) using validated reverse and normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography methods. The methods were verified using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrophotometry. Dietary intake and dietary concentrations of vitamin D were also measured for evaluation of species differences and effect of dietary change on vitamin D metabolite concentrations. Differences between cat serum and plasma metabolite concentrations were determined.

Results

Detectable concentrations of 3-epi-25(OH)D3 were observed in all cats and rats. No 3-epi-25(OH)D3 was detected in dogs, where our limit of detection was 5 ng/ml. There were significant differences ( P <0.05) in serum concentrations of 25(OH)D3 and 3-epi-25(OH)D3 among species, with cats having the greatest concentrations of both metabolites. Serum and plasma results were not significantly different. A diet change, which resulted in an increase in vitamin D intake among the cats, affected serum concentration with an increase ( P = 0.004) in 3-epi-25(OH)D3 but no significant change in 25(OH)D3.

Conclusions and relevance

Serum and plasma of cats contain 3-epi-25(OH)D3 in varied and extraordinary concentrations, much greater than in rats and certainly than that of dogs, a species for which the metabolite was not detected. Importantly, this finding indicates a C-3 epimerization pathway is quantitatively significant for vitamin D metabolism in domestic cats, making 3-epi-25(OH)D3 assays essential for the evaluation of vitamin D status in cats and positioning the cat as a novel model for study of this pathway.
‘What is up with my sisters? Where are you?’ The origins and consequences of lesbian-friendly place reputations for LBQ migrants
Authors: Brown-Saracino Japonica , Parker Jeffrey Nathaniel
Published: February 2017

Drawing on a comparative ethnography of four small US cities with growing lesbian populations, this article explicates the gap between lesbian, bisexual, and queer female (LBQ) individuals’ expectations (before moving) and experiences (after relocation). The article asks how prospective LBQ migrants encounter knowledge of lesbian-friendly reputations, and, once encountered, why they are so powerful. Four mechanisms communicate lesbian-friendly reputations and make them particularly dominant, with different mechanisms doing this work to different degrees in different cases. First, some of the sites are situated in regions that possess lesbian-friendly reputations; prospective migrants attend to regional reputation, missing the heterogeneity of places within a region. Second, facts and figures mislead; while LBQ migrants conduct background research before relocating, their attention to facts and figures related to lesbian-friendliness, such as the proportion of lesbian couples, out politicians, and marriage votes, distracts from knowledge of on the ground LBQ ties and identities. Third, much initial contact with place is with heterosexuals. Many such actors – realtors, business owners, institutional ambassadors – go out of their way to present a place as lesbian-friendly to prospective migrants. Yet, such individuals are often unaware of or otherwise fail to communicate the particularities of LBQ culture in their city. A final force is the belief that a certain set of cities belong in a “lesbian-friendly” category with corresponding expectations of cultural homogeneity. Cumulatively, the article highlights the (sometimes obscuring) power of place reputation, underlines gaps between place reputation and identities on the ground, and advances knowledge of the heterogeneity and place-specificity of contemporary LBQ identities and communities.
(In)Visibility and recognition: Australian policy responses to ‘domestic violence’
Authors: Seymour Kate
Published: February 2017

This article explores representations of gender and violence in Australia’s National Plan to Reduce Violence Against Women and Children. The Plan’s neglect of violence in the context of LGB relationships is discussed as indicative of the Plan’s implicit heteronormativity and its uncritical reliance on dominant discourses of gender and violence. In its failure to engage with the diverse complexities of gender and violence, I argue that the Plan perpetuates the exclusion of certain bodies, identities and experiences, such that rights to protection and safety are reserved for some and not others.
Domestic violence and companion animals in the context of LGBT people’s relationships
Authors: Taylor Nik , Fraser Heather , Riggs Damien W
Published: February 2017

The link between domestic violence and animal abuse has now been well established, indicating that where there is one form of abuse, there is often the other. Research on this link, however, has almost exclusively focused on heterosexual cisgender people’s relationships. Lacking, then, is an exploration of the possibly unique links between domestic violence and animal abuse in the context of lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGBT) people’s relationships. In this article we adopt a feminist intersectional approach informed by Critical Animal Studies to advocate for a non-pathologising approach to understanding LGBT people’s relationships with regard to the link between domestic violence and animal abuse.
A fair ‘hearing’
Authors: McGorrery Paul Gordon , McMahon Marilyn
Published: February 2017

Voice identification evidence, identifying an offender by the sound of their voice, is sometimes the only means of identifying someone who has committed a crime. Auditory memory is, however, associated with poorer performance than visual memory, and is subject to distinctive sources of unreliability. Consequently, it is important for investigating authorities to adopt appropriate strategies when dealing with voice identification, particularly when the identification involves a voice previously unknown to the witness. Appropriate voice identification parades conducted by police can offer an otherwise unavailable means of identifying the offender. This article suggests some ‘best practice’ techniques for voice identification parades and then, using reported Australian criminal cases as case studies, evaluates voice identification parade procedures used by police. Overall, we argue that the case studies reveal practices that are inconsistent with current scientific understandings about auditory memory and voice identifications, and that courts are insufficiently attending to the problems associated with this evidence.