bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical Drying Model of Water Vapor Pressure for Imbibed Porous Material with Sea Water subjected to Weather Conditions
Authors: Sherif Adham Mohamed
Published: September 2021

The drying model of porous material has been studied and solved. The drying model solves the drying of porous material if the porous material is saturated or unsaturated with salt solution. Local thermodynamic equilibrium was not assumed in the mathematical model for describing the multi-phase flow in the unsaturated porous media using the energy and mass conservation equations to describe the heat and mass transfer during the drying. The vapor pressure inside porous material voids is built from the vapor mass transport through material thickness and from the void’s water content evaporation. The new equation in the model is water vapor pressure’s equation. The drying model included advection and capillary transport of the water in porous material pores, the gases transport by advection and diffusion and soluble salt transports by diffusion only. The environment of the boundary condition of the model is atmospheric condition in the day’s hours. The model consists of 5 equations for mass and heat transfer phenomenon. The model was solved by Matlab software. The case study of the model is concrete block.
Numerical Investigation to Asses and Optimize Performance of Flat Plate Solar Collector by Using Different Working Fluid
Authors: Yussra Malalah Abdula  , Gadeer Salim  , Salman K
Published: September 2021

Sustainable energy becomes an optimal alternative to overcome environmental pollution economical cost of fossil fuel. One of the most effective means to invest solar radiation is flat plate solar collectors. A study carried out to optimize and assess the performance of flat plate solar collector (FPSC) for domestic and industrial applications in the Iraq climate. A 3D numerical model of FPSC has modeled by ANSYS19, CFD tool has been used to investigate thermal transfer through FPSC based on different working fluid. Water, and nanofluid of water/copper nanomaterials were used as working fluid with three different concentrations levels, 0.011 %, 0.055%, and 0,101 %. The velocity of water was 0.3, and 0.5 m/sec respectively. The result of the numerical model was compared with a literature study to prove the reliability of the current model. The result of the current study indicated that, adding Cu nanoparticular to the working fluid enhanced temperatures outlet of FPSC. Also, maximum temperatures can be achieved by reducing the velocity value.
The Development of Cascode Low Noise Amplifier with Double Feedback Technique Architecture for Wireless Communication
Authors: Abu Bakar Ibrahim  , Nurul Husna Abdul Kahar  , Hafizul Fahri Hanafi  , Ashardi Abas  , Shamsul Arrieya Ariffin
Published: September 2021

The paper aims to develop a new cascode low noise amplifier (LNA) by using double feedback technique architecture for wireless communication especially for long term evolution (LTE). The objective of this article is to display the improved performance of gain by minimizing noise figures with innovative techniques for the realization of Long Term Evolution (LTE). The innovation technique with implementation double feedback technique architecture outlines the possibility to improve the performance in various parameters such as bandwidth, stability, gain, noise figure, power consumption and complexity. The realization using cascode LNA is verified by using FHX76LP Super Low Noise HEMT that operate at 5.8 GHz in compliant with LTE standard. The Advance Design System (ADS) software is used to obtain characteristics for collecting data in a smith chart and s-parameter generated by simulation. The cascode LNA with the double feedback technique achieves an average gain of 20.887 dB with a noise figure of 0.341 dB. The input return loss and output return loss are – 14.354 dB and – 11.879 dB respectively. The outcome of this work will contribute to providing a better wireless signal receiver especially for the LTE standard and it potentially addressing wireless communication issues in rural areas.
Artificial intelligence in surgery
Authors: Shaikh Prof. Abdul Razaque
Published: September 2021

Artificial intelligence in surgery
Prevalence of musculoskeletal impairment in traffic police of District Swabi, Pakistan.
Authors: Ahmad Zahoor , Anwar Kinza , Naz Umaira , Tariq Khizra , Noor Mah , Anwar Junaid
Published: September 2021

The number of vehicles has been increasing out of proportion for the capacity of road infrastructure in particular in developing countries. The duty of a traffic police officer includes the implementation of daily traffic regulations. This involves long-standing hours and also particular repeated body movements. There is limited literature available on the musculoskeletal disorders develop among traffic police. Therefore this study was designed to include 219 traffic police officers from 23 traffic booths of district Swabi, Pakistan. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaires (CMDQ). Informed consent was taken before filling the questionnaire. Age distribution of the participants was grouped as: 20 to 30 years (n=51, 23.4%), 31 to 40 years (n=141, 64.7 %), and over 40 years (n=26, 11.9%). Out of 219, 23% were diabetics, hypertensive participants were 21.9% (n=48), while 54% (n=120) had no history of chronic illness. The majority of traffic cops in district Swabi reported mild discomfort in their shoulders, arms, forearms, thighs, lower legs, knees, and feet, but moderate discomfort in their neck and back. The results of the study indicate that the traffic cops in the district of Swabi suffer back and neck pain, causing them to have moderate difficulty doing their duties.
Values and Behaviour: The Literary Concept of “Bosom” in the Akan Culture
Authors: Arthur Peter
Published: September 2021

This paper sees the Akan concept of “bosom”, translated into English as “lesser god”, as a very powerful socializing instrument used in constructing social order in the community. The aim of this paper is not to discount or dismiss the spiritual powers of the “bosom” but to use oral literature as a platform to investigate the role of the Akan people in the construction of what is known as “bosom”. This study has recourse to qualitative research methods in gathering data, the researcher immersing in the culture through formal and informal interviews and participant observation. The study also goes further to use the literary stylistics approach in analyzing the data. The findings are that man makes the taboos and the lesser gods execute the punishment. Again, taboos are values which constitute the tracks on which the society moves. These values “disguised” as “bosom” work, thanks to the fear factor in the Akan concept of “bosom”, making Akans literally worship these values in the form of “bosom”.

Keywords: Cultural values, taboos, punishment, Akan lesser gods, stylistics
First national record of Quasipaa verrucospinosa (Bourret, 1937) (Amphibia: Anura: Dicroglossidae) from Thailand with further comment on its taxonomic status
Authors: Suwannapoom Chatmongkon , Nguyen Tan Van , Poyarkov Nikolay , Wu Yun-He , Pawangkhanant Parinya , Lorphengsy Sengvilay , Che Jing
Published: September 2021

Spiny Frog Quasipaa is a genus of frogs that belongs to a relatively poorly known group. Most of the species distribution has been recorded in China; however, a few incidences of identification have occurred in the eastern part of Indochina. To date, only one species (Quasipaa fasciculispina) of Quasipaa has been recorded from Chanthaburi and Trat Provinces in south-eastern Thailand.

Based on recent fieldwork conducted in northern Thailand, we report a new record of Quasipaa verrucospinosa from Doi Phu Kha National Park, Nan Province at an altitude of 900–1000 m a.s.l. Our study has demonstrated that populations of this species are paraphyletic and has revealed deep genetic differences. Therefore, it is recommended that a comprehensive study be undertaken to clarify the taxonomic and geographic distribution of this species for its suitable protection and conservation.
Complete mitochondrial genomes of three reef forming Acropora corals (Acroporidae, Scleractinia) from Chagos Archipelago, Indian Ocean
Authors: Colin Luigi , Yesson Chris , Head Catherine
Published: September 2021

We present the first mitochondrial genomes from Chagos Archipelago, Indian Ocean, of three putative species of reef forming Acropora (Acropora aff. tenuis, Acropora aff. cytherea and Acropora aff. orbicularis). The circular genome consists respectively of 18,334 bp, 18,353 bp and 18,584 bp. All mitochondrial genomes recovered comprise 13 protein-coding genes, two transfer RNA genes and two ribosomal RNA genes, with an overall GC content ranging from 37.9% to 38.0%. These new genomic data contribute to our increased understanding of genus Acropora and its species boundaries, ultimately aiding species monitoring and conservation efforts.
Distribution range and population viability of Emys orbicularis in Slovakia: a review with conservation implications
Authors: Horváth Enikő , Martvoňová Martina , Danko Stanislav , Havaš Peter , Kaňuch Peter , Uhrin Marcel
Published: September 2021

The European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis) is the only native freshwater turtle species in Slovakia. Due to watercourse regulations in the middle of the 20th century, its range became fragmented and, currently, there are only two isolated populations. From a total of 1,236 historical records in Slovakia, most observations (782 records) came from the area of the Tajba National Nature Reserve (NNR). Three of the population viability analysis models (‘baseline’, ‘catastrophe’, ‘nest protection during a catastrophe’) indicated the extinction of the population in Tajba, with the highest probability of extinction occurring during a catastrophic event (probability of extinction 1.00). We also evaluated information about the activity patterns of seven radio-tracked individuals and about the number of destroyed nests from the area. During the period 2017–2021, we recorded only two turtles leaving the aquatic habitat of Tajba. An alarming fact is the massive number of destroyed nests found in the area during the study period (Tajba 524; Poľany 56). Our results indicate that the population in the Tajba NNR require immediate application of management steps to ensure its long-term survival.
Introduction
Authors: Cao Shunqing , Franco Bernard
Published: September 2021

La littérature comparée a trop longtemps été pensée comme étude des analogies, estompant par là l’analyse du caractère unique de l’œuvre. Sans doute s’agit-il d’un effet de l’emprise de l’histoire littéraire sur la discipline. Le renouvellement des méthodes comparatistes en Europe et, plus particulièrement, certaines méthodologies pratiquées en France, ont attiré l’attention sur l’idée d’un comparatisme de la différence. Le comparatisme chinois, pour sa part, a développé, sous l’impulsion de Cao Shunqing, une « théorie de la variation » en littérature comparée. Fondée sur l’héritage de la philosophie chinoise ancienne, cette théorie affecte divers domaines et diverses méthodes de la discipline dans ses pratiques contemporaines.
Evolution of the mineral concentration and bioaccumulation of the black soldier fly,Hermetia illucens, feeding on two different larval media
Authors: Rubio P. , Todolí J.L , Martínez-Sánchez A. , Rojo S.
Published: September 2021

Intensive black soldier fly (BSF)Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) rearing has a great importance for the feed industry. The objective of the present work was to perform a systematic study about the effect of the feeding media on the concentration and bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of Ca, K, Mg, Na, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn in BSF fractions. Therefore, the evolution of the concentration of these elements has been studied along the stages of the BSF life cycle (larva, pupa and adult) as well as during its growth (exuviae) and metamorphosis (empty puparia). Two diets consisting of beer bagasse and commercial hen feed moistened with water have been chosen. An inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer has been used to perform the elemental analyses. The obtained results demonstrated that the behaviour was generally, similar for all the elements studied, i.e. an accumulation in exuviae and puparia followed by their further elimination. Moreover, no significant differences in the results as a function of the feeding media have been found. This may be attributed to the fact that the chosen diets were equally favourable for this insect’s growth. The obtained concentrations have been expressed on a dry as well as a wet sample basis. BAF results also suggested that exuviae and puparia could be used as supplements or as bioactive compounds.
Occurrence of Clostridium perfringens vegetative cells and spores throughout an industrial production process of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens)
Authors: Van Looveren N. , Vandeweyer D. , van Schelt J. , Van Campenhout L.
Published: September 2021

The main use of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) is currently as an animal feed ingredient. While the bacterial community of the larvae has been characterised repeatedly via sequencing, microbiological safety assessment based on culture-dependent techniques is still scarce. This study focused on the occurrence of the spore-forming foodborne pathogen Clostridium perfringens during rearing and consecutive processing of the larvae, based on observations in a single rearing facility. C. perfringens vegetative cells and spores were determined, in addition to total viable counts, total aerobic spore counts and intrinsic parameters including pH, water activity and moisture content. All samples were obtained from an industrial production plant. In a preliminary experiment, substrate ingredients and dried larvae were analysed, but the larvae were produced with a previous batch of the substrate mixture. A second, more detailed, experiment was performed where all samples were collected sequentially from the same production run (substrate ingredients, substrate mixture, starting larvae, harvested larvae, residue, dried larvae and stored dried larvae). In the two experiments, (presumptive) C. perfringens, as determined on tryptose sulphite cycloserine agar, was found at low numbers in the ingredients and in the second experiment it was also found in the substrate mixture. Over the two experiments, total C. perfringens counts (i.e. vegetative cells plus spores) ranged between 3.0±0.1 and <1.2±0.5 log cfu/g and C. perfringens spores ranged between 2.5±0.1 and <1.0±0.0 log cfu/g. Interestingly, vegetative cells and spores of C. perfringens were below the detection limit in all larvae samples. Therefore, it appears that at this production site and based on the samples investigated, the pathogen did not colonise the larvae. However, these results indicate that insect producers should monitor this pathogen among others, and install good hygiene practices to avoid contamination.
Protein quality evaluationin vivo of cricket flour (Gryllus assimilis) reared in Brazil
Authors: Araújo R.R.S. , Fagundes M.M.A. , Viana A.M.F. , Paulino A.H.S. , Silva M.E. , Santos E.M.
Published: September 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the chemical and biological quality ofGryllus assimilis flour, through the analysis of nutritional and biochemical parameters of tests on young rats (Rattus norvegicus –Fischer). The most deficient essential amino acid was methionine, with a chemical score of 56.40%. For the net protein ratio (NPR) and net protein utilisation (NPU) ratio, the diet containing unsupplemented cricket flour was not enough to reach the NPR and NPU levels of the control group and was insufficient to promote weight gain in the rats. The addition of methionine and wheat bran increased the digestibility of the cricket flour, which resulted in a significant improvement in the levels of cricket protein utilisation, increasing the rates mentioned above and promoting weight gain in the rats. Based on our results, we can state that considering the age of the study animals, cricket meal was a sufficient source of protein for maintenance of body weight, but not for weight gain. Based on biochemical parameters (total protein, albumin, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, creatinine, urea), the cricket meal did not compromise the general health of the study animals. We therefore conclude that the addition of other sources of methionine to cricket flour can be a fundamental strategy for better use of cricket proteins in the diet.
Using a GPS Watch to Characterize Life-Space Mobility in Dementia: A Dyadic Case Study
Authors: Chung Jane , Boyle Joseph , Pretzer-Aboff Ingrid , Knoefel Janice , Young Heather M. , Wheeler David C.
Published: September 2021

Persons with dementia (PWD) often experience difficulty navigating their environments and performing out-of-home activities. Life-space mobility (LSM) is an effective way of assessing functional levels and independence. We present a dyadic case study to explore the feasibility of using a global positioning system (GPS) watch to measure LSM of a Latino PWD. Methods included travel diary, LSM questionnaire, and qualitative interviews in addition to the GPS–based mobility characterization. GPS data indicated that the PWD made outdoor trips regularly and was active socially, with day-to-day variations. Caregiver and PWD interviews revealed contextual information about mobility patterns captured by other methods. The dyad had positive perceptions of the GPS watch for tracking health and activities. This study demonstrated a use for wearable location tracking technology to support accurate LSM assessment in dementia that can inform nursing practice, policy, and research to promote well-being and delay functional deterioration in PWD. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(10), 15–22.]
Telemedicine in Orthopedic Oncology During COVID-19: Patient Satisfaction, Reimbursement, and Physical Examination Competency
Authors: Lawrenz Joshua M. , Krout Jeffrey C. , Moran Cullen P. , Ready Ashley K. , Schafer Eden A. , Higgins Ryan T. , Halpern Jennifer L. , Schwartz Herbert S. , Holt Ginger E.
Published: September 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic forced many institutions to implement telemedicine to facilitate continued patient care at a distance. The quality of patient care with telemedicine in orthopedic oncology has not been assessed. Between March and June 2020, a telephone survey of 64 patients was conducted in an academic orthopedic oncology practice. Patient satisfaction was assessed with a Likert scale metric, open-ended feedback, and direct comparisons between telemedicine and in-office visits. Billing and collection financial data of the telemedicine cohort and of a separate cohort of in-office visits during the same time period were compared. The clinical competency of telemedicine visits was measured by delayed or missed diagnoses and surgical site infections that may be attributable to lack of an in-person physical examination. Overall, patients were largely satisfied with their telemedicine experience. More than 90% of patients described telemedicine as equal to or better than in-office visits regarding convenience, time, privacy, and overall quality. Patients reported that better assessment of their physical condition may be indicated, particularly in early postoperative and early sarcoma surveillance visits. Two of 64 patients had adverse events (both local recurrences) potentially attributable to lack of an in-person physical examination. Institutional financial reimbursement of telemedicine visits was comparable to that of in-office visits. These findings have supported continued use of telemedicine in our practice, particularly for patients traveling significant distance and those returning for sarcoma surveillance. However, the limitations of lack of an in-person physical examination should be considered on a case-by-case basis. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(5):274–279.]
A characterization for totally real submanifolds using self-adjoint differential operator
Authors: Aquib Mohd. ,   Department of Mathematics, Sri Venkateshwara College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021, India, Ishan Amira A. , Khan Meraj Ali , Shahid Mohammad Hasan ,   Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia,   Department of Mathematics, University of tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
Published: September 2021

In this article, we study totally real submanifolds in Kaehler product manifold with constant scalar curvature using self-adjoint differential operator $ \Box $. Under this setup, we obtain a characterization result. Moreover, we discuss $ \delta- $invariant properties of such submanifolds and get an obstruction result as an application of the inequality derived. The results in the article are supported by non-trivial examples.
Pathological analysis of hesperetin-derived small cell lung cancer by artificial intelligence technology under fiberoptic bronchoscopy
Authors: Zhang Xiaoli ,   Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China, Yu Ziying ,   Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
Published: September 2021

Lung cancer is one of the most common tumors. There are 1.8 million new cases worldwide each year, accounting for about 13% of all new tumors. Lung cancer is the most important cause of cancer-related deaths. 1.4 million people die of lung cancer each year. This article uses artificial intelligence technology to analyze the pathology of hesperetin-derived small cell lung cancer under fiberoptic bronchoscopy. This article takes 48 lung slice samples as the research object. Among them, 36 cases of lung small cell carcinoma have history slices from Lhasa City Institute of Biology, the patient has complete cases, and the other 12 normal lung slices come from Xinjiang Biotechnology Laboratory. In this paper, the above-mentioned 36 lung cancer slices became the study group, and 12 normal slices became the reference group. This article presents a method for hesperetin-fiber bronchoscope to study the pathological mechanism of lung small cell carcinoma (H-FBS), which is used to study slices. The above-mentioned 48 samples were taken for slice observation. First, the 48 slices were technically tested by artificial intelligence fiber bronchoscope combined with hesperetin derivatives, and then the slice observation results were verified by CTC technology. In addition, in each step, the C5orf34 in the tissue is detected separately, which is beneficial to adjust the content of C5orf34 so that the treatment of lung cancer can control the development of lung cancer under fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Experimental results show that the diagnostic accuracy rate of this method is 97.9%, which is higher than that of lung biopsy (89%); compared with multiple CTC detection, the cost is low and the time is shor.
Sharp upper bounds on the maximum $M$-eigenvalue of fourth-order partially symmetric nonnegative tensors
Authors: Yao Yuyan , Wang Gang
Published: September 2021

\begin{document}$ M $\end{document}-eigenvalues of partially symmetric nonnegative tensors play important roles in the nonlinear elastic material analysis and the entanglement problem of quantum physics. In this paper, we establish two upper bounds for the maximum \begin{document}$ M $\end{document}-eigenvalue of partially symmetric nonnegative tensors, which improve some existing results. Numerical examples are proposed to verify the efficiency of the obtained results.
An FBSDE approach to market impact games with stochastic parameters
Authors: Drapeau Samuel , Luo Peng , Schied Alexander , Xiong Dewen
Published: September 2021

In this study, we have analyzed a market impact game between n risk-averse agents who compete for liquidity in a market impact model with a permanent price impact and additional slippage. Most market parameters, including volatility and drift, are allowed to vary stochastically. Our first main result characterizes the Nash equilibrium in terms of a fully coupled system of forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs). Our second main result provides conditions under which this system of FBSDEs has a unique solution, resulting in a unique Nash equilibrium.
Convergence rate of Peng’s law of large numbers under sublinear expectations
Authors: Hu Mingshang , Li Xiaojuan , Li Xinpeng
Published: September 2021

This short note provides a new and simple proof of the convergence rate for the Peng’s law of large numbers under sublinear expectations, which improves the results presented by Song [15] and Fang et al. [3].
Une justice de proximité : les affaires traitées par la juridiction de la Fleuriais, en Treffieux, à la fin de l’Ancien Régime (1757-1767)
Authors: Bourrigaud René
Published: September 2021

Pour beaucoup de nos contemporains, la justice d’Ancien Régime n’a pas bonne réputation. Cette tradition issue de la Révolution a pourtant été remise en cause par les historiens modernistes. Et, quand un historien du droit ancien praticien de la procédure civile se plonge vraiment dans les procédures et décisions prises par la juridiction d’une petite seigneurie, il s’aperçoit que cette justice de proximité applique un principe de base qui est toujours le nôtre : rassembler des preuves avant de juger. Afin de le montrer, sont publiés et commentés ici de larges extraits des registres tenus, au cours des années 1757-1767, par le greffier de la juridiction de la seigneurie de la Fleuriais, située à Treffieux, dans une petite paroisse rurale de la région de Châteaubriant, entre Nantes et Rennes. Ces textes présentent un intérêt certain : ils nous plongent dans le mouvement de la vie rurale. Tout y est évoqué : d’abord les familles soucieuses de protéger leurs patrimoines, puis les rapports entre vendeurs et acheteurs, fermiers et propriétaires, notables et domestiques, rentiers et débiteurs.
Paul Mével, un médecin breton distingué pour son engagement contre les épidémies (fin xixe-début xxe siècle)
Authors: Forrer Anne
Published: September 2021

En 1885, le gouvernement français instaure la « Médaille d’honneur des épidémies » pour récompenser les « personnes qui se sont particulièrement signalées par leur dévouement pendant des maladies épidémiques ». En Bretagne où de multiples épidémies sévissent, des soignants sont ainsi distingués. Le docteur Paul Mével, installé à Douarnenez de 1894 à 1927, confronté à ces pathologies (choléra, typhoïde, diphtérie, variole), est récompensé à plusieurs reprises. La description de son parcours, des épidémies aux médailles, permet de mieux connaître ces pathologies, de mesurer les risques encourus par les soignants, de regarder les relations qu’entretenaient les médecins avec le pouvoir et les honneurs.
Organizational Components That Explain the Strategic Direction of SMEs for a New World Economic Order
Authors: Pérez-Uribe Rafael Ignacio , Salcedo-Perez Carlos , Ramirez Maria del Pilar
Published: September 2021

This chapter aims to show some concepts related to the importance of planning and strategic direction as a fundamental tool for the sustainability of Colombian SMEs for a new world economic order and present the proportionality relationship between this concept of strategic management and the organizational components. Keys that explain it and facilitate its development, considering the modernization model for managing organizations (MMOM), were developed by a group of researchers from the EAN University in Bogotá-Colombia. It was found that market management, organizational culture, organizational structure, and knowledge and innovation management are the components that a high percentage explain the strategic direction of this type of company on which priority improvement and innovation activities should be developed in such a way ways that allow strategies to develop more smoothly to achieve business objectives of effectiveness, efficiency, profitability, and sustainable development.
Chinese OEM Manufacturing Roadmap
Authors: Zhou Biqi , Marjerison Rob Kim , Chang Fa-Hsiang
Published: September 2021

This study seeks to explore the strategic alternatives for the many small and medium-sized manufacturing firms in China that play an OEM role in the global value chain. Declining margins due to rising production costs and intense competition from emerging manufacturing industries in Southeast Asia necessitates the transformation of China's traditional manufacturing industry. The result is opportunities for the creation and manufacturing of domestic brands. A multiple-case study methodology is used with primary data collection through in-depth interviews, supported by secondary data on the subject firms. The findings reveal an awareness of the opportunities afforded by the trend towards the development of domestic brands as well as the vision, strategy, tactics, and forecasting related to a transition to brand creation. This chapter could be of interest to those with an interest in manufacturing transition, brand development, and providing direction to OEM SMEs in China that seek to develop a strategic roadmap during the imminent industrial evolution and transformation.
The Social and Solidarity Economics, Public Policies, and Non-Monetary Economic Practices
Authors: González Arturo Luque , Alkorta Aitor Bengoetxea , Salcedo Jaime Leonidas Ordóñez
Published: September 2021

The prevailing economic and social model contains great inequalities. Against this backdrop, the Republic of Ecuador, in its constitution of 2008, included recognizing ancestral practices at an economic and social level and granting special protection to “mother earth” or Pachamama based on the common element of solidarity between ecosystems and human beings. Despite this, continuous growth processes have blunted some of the tools and institutions created in Ecuador to redress poverty and rebalance existing economic and regulatory abuses. To analyze this situation, a series of group interviews were carried out in two communities of Loja (Ecuador) to analyze the scope and continuity of current ancestral practices and the effectiveness of processes established in the social economy. The analysis shows the lack of continuity of these practices and their associated benefits for people and communities with limited resources.
Trends for Business Education Post COVID-19
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: September 2021

COVID-19 has brought about tremendous changes in all occupations. Education in general and business education, in particular, is no exception. In the normal course, business education entailed students being on the campus as the courses are full-time residential with physical attendance to enable interaction and discussion. With COVID-19 lockdown and restrictions, the usual way of doing business is disrupted. Hence, by adopting systematic literature with grounded approach, the aim of this chapter is to understand the disruptions, faculty, and student difficulties and sketch out the future trends in business education post COVID-19.
Experiences of hospitalization among pregnant women with preterm labor in Korea: a phenomenological study
Authors: Lee Joon-Young , Song Yeoungsuk
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe pregnant women’s lived experiences of hospitalization due to preterm labor in Korea. Methods: This qualitative study adopted a phenomenological approach. Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with nine participants, over the age of 20 years, who had been hospitalized for more than 1 week after being diagnosed with preterm labor. All interviews were audio-taped and verbatim transcripts were made for analysis. The data were analyzed following Colaizzi’s phenomenological method. Results: The participants’ ages ranged from 26 to 36 years, and all were married women. They were hospitalized for 13.1 days on average. Five thematic clusters emerged from the analysis. ‘Withstanding hospitalization for the fetus’s well-being’ describes women’s feelings during preterm labor and their endurance during their prolonged hospitalization, rooted in their conviction that the fetus comes first. ‘Endless frustration in the hospital’ encompasses women’s emotions while lying in bed and quietly thinking to themselves. ‘Unmet physiological needs’ describes participants’ awareness of their inability to independently handle human physiological needs given the need for careful and limited movement. ‘Gratitude for the support around oneself’ reflects the support from family and medical staff. ‘Shifting perceptions and accepting one’s circumstances’ describes accepting hospitalization and making efforts to spend their remaining time in the hospital in a meaningful way. Conclusion: The findings in this study provide a deeper understanding and insights into the experiences of Korean women with preterm labor during hospitalization, underscoring the need to develop interventions for these patients.
The effects of a maternal nursing competency reinforcement program on nursing students’ problem-solving ability, emotional intelligence, self-directed learning ability, and maternal nursing performance in Korea: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kim Sun-Hee , Lee Bo Gyeong
Published: September 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a maternal nursing competency reinforcement program for nursing students and assess the program’s effectiveness in Korea. Methods: The maternal nursing competency reinforcement program was developed following the ADDIE model. This study employed an explanatory sequential mixed methods design that applied a non-blinded, randomized controlled trial with nursing students (28 experimental, 33 control) followed by open-ended interviews with a subset (n=7). Data were analyzed by both qualitative and quantitative analysis methods. Results: Repeated measures analysis of variance showed that significant differences according to group and time in maternal nursing performance; assessment of and intervention in postpartum uterine involution and vaginal discharge (F=24.04, p<.001), assessment of and intervention in amniotic membrane rupture (F=36.39, p<.001), assessment of and intervention in delivery process through vaginal examination (F=32.42 p<.001), and nursing care of patients undergoing induced labor (F=48.03 p<.001). Group and time improvements were also noted for problem-solving ability (F=9.73, p<.001) and emotional intelligence (F=4.32 p=.016). There were significant differences between groups in self-directed learning ability (F=13.09 p=.001), but not over time. The three themes derived from content analysis include “learning with a colleague by simulation promotes self-reflection and learning,” “improvement in maternal nursing knowledge and performance by learning various countermeasures,” and “learning of emotionally supportive care, but being insufficient.” Conclusion: The maternal nursing competency reinforcement program can be effectively utilized to improve maternal nursing performance, problem-solving ability, and emotional intelligence for nursing students.
Human pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids and their potential to reduce the use of animal models in research
Authors: Simmini Salvatore , Eaves Allen C. , Louis Sharon A. , Chang Wing
Published: September 2021

Efficient and reproducible generation of tissue-specific organoids from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells (hPSCs) represents one of the key tools for reducing the use of animals in research. STEMCELL Technologies is committed to optimizing workflows that efficiently support the generation and maintenance of multiple types of organoid cultures derived from hPSCs.
Supporting the 3Rs worldwide: The 3Rs Database program
Authors: Van der Valk Jan
Published: September 2021

Our 3Rs databases and informative websites facilitate the implementation of 3Rs methods.
Optimization of primary hepatocyte isolation for the pharmacological characterization of metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) s ubtype 5: A study on Reduction
Authors: Berardo Clarissa , Ferrigno Andrea , Siciliano Veronica , Cagna Marta , Richelmi Plinio , Vairetti Mariapia , Di Pasqua Laura G.
Published: September 2021

To minimize the number of animals used during experiments, it is important to choose the suitable enzyme according to the final goal. In our work, we demonstrated the superiority of collagenase IV in the maintenance of functional transmembrane receptor, thus the pharmacological activity, in isolated rat hepatocytes.
Differentiated neuroblastoma F-11 cells as an alternative in-vitro model to dorsal root ganglion neurons
Authors: Blasa Stefania , Pastori Valentina , D’Aloia Alessia , Lecchi Marzia M.
Published: September 2021

We induced differentiation in F-11 cells to verify if they could show similarities with sensory neurons, in order to develop an alternative to animal models for research studies in the biomedical field.
Superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and cadmium: a three models approach to the comprehension of its neurotoxic effects
Authors: Bovio Federica , Sciandrone Barbara , Urani Chiara , Fusi Paola , Forcella Matilde , Regonesi Maria Elena
Published: September 2021

In three different biological models, the recombinant protein expressed in E. coli, the neuronal cells SH-SY5Y and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, cadmium inhibits SOD1 activity without affecting its expression level.
A programmable culture platform for stimulation and in situ sensing of lung epithelial cells
Authors: Cacocciola Nicolò , Parmeggiani Matteo , Segantini Matteo , Verna Alessio , Baruffaldi Désirée , Villata Simona , Frascella Francesca , Marasso Simone Luigi , Canavese Giancarlo , Cocuzza Matteo , Pirri Fabrizio Candido
Published: September 2021

A programmable dynamic cell culture chamber compatible with a standard multi-well plate was designed and characterized. The system is integrated with an array of OECT biosensors, in view of an in-situ monitoring of the dynamic cultures.
Development and characterization of a novel human 3D model of bone metastasis from breast carcinoma in vitro cultured
Authors: Contartese Deyanira , Salamanna Francesca , Borsari Veronica , Pagani Stefania , Sartori Maria , Martini Lucia , Barbanti Brodano Giovanni , Gasbarrini Alessandro , Fini Milena
Published: September 2021

Breast cancer frequently metastasizes to the skeleton causing significant morbidity. Here, we set-up a novel and advanced ex vivo model by using fresh tissue from human vertebral bone metastasis from breast carcinoma patients able to retain the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells heterogeneity.
Patient-specific modelling for the assessment of the hemodynamics risk of failure in endovascular aneurysm repair
Authors: Lodi Rizzini Maurizio , Tasso Paola , Raptis Anastasios , Matsagkas Miltiadis , Gallo Diego , Xenos Michalis , Morbiducci Umberto
Published: September 2021

Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), despite its advantages over abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) open surgery, still presents risks of failure linked to Endograft (EG) migration. We here explore the link between intravascular blood flow features and Displacement Forces (DFs) acting on the EG. DFs are inversely associated with the amount of helical flow within the EG.
A novel in vitro culture system for the generation of controlled hydrodinamic stimuli
Authors: Pederzani Elia , Coppadoro Lorenzo P. , Foglieni Chiara , Lombardi Maria , Soncini Monica , Fiore Gianfranco B.
Published: September 2021

A novel device to analyze the correlation between hydrodinamic stimuli and atherosclerosis advancement.
Machine learning approaches as an alternative to traditional statistical methods in cardiovascular risk prediction
Authors: Sperti Michela , D’Ascenzo Fabrizio , Navarini Luca , Di Benedetto Giacomo , Afeltra Antonella , Giacomelli Roberto , Deriu Marco A.
Published: September 2021

Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have proven promising methodologies in improving Cardiovascular (CV) risk predictors based on traditional statistics. In the present work, two case studies are reported: CV risk prediction in patients affected by Inflammatory Arthritis (IA), with attention to Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA), and patients who experienced Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).
A compact in vitro test bench for cardiovascular flow analysis
Authors: Torta Elena , Alp Caridi Giuseppe Carlo , Chiastra Claudio , Gallo Diego , Morbiducci Umberto
Published: September 2021

A low-cost particle image velocimetry set-up that allows to investigate the fluid dynamics inside realistic coronary artery phantoms has been implemented. The proposed smart test bench for experimental characterization of arterial hemodynamics also in the presence of implanted devices represents a low-cost equipment that can be easily implemented in non-expert laboratories for research as well as educational applications.
Determinants of Hepatitis A Infection among Students: A Case Study of an Outbreak in Jember, Indonesia
Authors: Martini Santi , Suryadi Rahman Firman
Published: September 2021

Background

Hepatitis A often occurs in school among students in the form of an outbreak. The transmission was through fecal-oral (common source) provided that the epidemic curve is close to propagated. The aim of the current study was to analyze the determinants of Hepatitis A infection among students.

Design and methods

This study was a case-control study which was conducted at SMAN Plus with a sample size of 80 students chosen by using simple random sampling. The data obtained were then analyzed using logistic regression with 95% confidence level (α = 0.05), while the strength of the relationship between variables was identified using odds ratio (OR).

Results

Most of the students were at the age of 17 to 19 years old (65%) and male (57.5%). The average age in the case group was 17.1 years old, while in the control group was 16.75 years old. The habit of consuming raw foods (p=0.001) as well as eating and drink at the same time during an activity (p=0.000) had a significant influence on the outbreak of Hepatitis A in the curve epidemic of common source.

Conclusion

The outbreak is confirmed as a transmission occurs through fecal-oral which the common source epidemic curve. Risk factors that have been proven to be related to hepatitis A include consuming raw food, eating shared meals during an activity, and drinking with shared drinking utensils.
Table of Contents Vol 92 (2021)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: September 2021

No abstract available.
Acknowledgement to reviewers
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: September 2021

No abstract available.
Investigation of the perceptual and cognitive asymmetry in the auditory system in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Akçay Burçin , İnanç Gonca , Elvan Ata , Selmani Metin , Cakiroglu Mehmet A. , Akcali Ömer , Satoglu İsmail S. , Oniz Adile , Simsek İbrahim E. , Ozgoren Murat
Published: September 2021

Background: Studies have shown that perceptual and cognitive asymmetries are present in the auditory system in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The Dichotic Listening (DL) paradigm was formerly performed in non-forced (NF) conditions only, and no study has examined the conditions of attention to one ear.Objective: To investigate the perceptual and cognitive asymmetry in the auditory system in patients with AIS as well as the asymmetry changes according to the curvature characteristics of patients with AIS.Method: The DL paradigm was performed on 38 patients with AIS and 10 healthy individuals in all conditions (NF, Forced Right [FR], Forced Left [FL]).Results: In the NF and FL conditions, the mean number of correct responses for the left ear was significantly lower in patients with AIS than in healthy individuals (p 0.05). The correct responses for the right ear in the NF condition, right and left ear in the FR condition, and right ear in the FL condition did not show a significant difference between the groups (p 0.05). Also, there was no difference between patients with AIS with both functional 3-curve and 4-curve (p 0.05).Conclusion: Our study indicates perceptual and cognitive asymmetry or lateralisation in the auditory system in patients with AIS. The asymmetry might be caused by the inability to direct their attention to the left ear, which is not affected by their curvature type. Further studies are needed to investigate perceptual and cognitive asymmetry behaviour models in the auditory system in patients with AIS.Clinical implications: Determination of perceptual and cognitive asymmetry in the auditory system may offer a new perspective on conservative treatment protocols for AIS patients. Besides, the DL paradigm can be easily used in patients with AIS as a non-invasive evaluation method in clinics.
Efficacy and Safety of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors in Heart Failure Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Wang Yu-Cheng , Li Ming-Hui , Yu Ying , Shi Hui , Chen Rui-Zhen
Published: September 2021

Abstract

Background and Objectives:

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the effectiveness of SGLT2is in heart failure (HF) treatment has not yet been established. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the efficacy and safety of SGLT2is in HF treatment by focusing on cardiovascular death (CVD), hospitalization for HF (HHF), and a composite of CVD and HHF.

Methods:

We searched literature sources in PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library up until December 20, 2020. Only randomized controlled trials were included in this meta-analysis. We compared the treatment and placebo groups in terms of their associated risks of CVD and HHF and their safety endpoints. The Cochrane tool for assessing risk of bias in randomized trials was applied.

Results:

The 10 selected studies included 17,043 HF patients and dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, canagliflozin, ertugliflozin, and sotagliflozin as experimental arms. At least 4 included studies were with high quality. For CVD, HHF, and their composite, the pooled risk ratio estimates were 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.78-0.96; P = 0.004), 0.70 (95% CI, 0.65-0.76; P < 0.001), and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.71-0.81; P < 0.001), respectively. The incidence of volume depletion, hypoglycemia events, fractures, acute renal injury, and urogenital tract infection was not significantly higher in the SGLT2i group than in the placebo group. Stratified analyses showed similar efficacy and safety results for HF patients with T2DM, those without T2DM, and those being treated with different types of SGLT2is.

Conclusions:

This meta-analysis demonstrated that various SGLT2is significantly decreased the risks of CVD and HHF in HF patients with and without T2DM. It also showed that clinical administration of SGLT2is was relatively safe in terms of the aforementioned risk factors. SGLT2is might embrace broader clinical application in future HF treatment.