bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Associations between different body mass index and risk of lung function impairment in Chinese people aged over 40 years: a multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: Tang Yumeng , Zhang Lan , Zhu Shuzhen , Shen Miaoyan , cheng maowei , Peng Fei
Published: September 2023

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the associations between different body mass index (BMI) levels and the risk of different lung function impairment (LFI) in Chinese people aged over 40 years.
Methods
We used a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method to investigate 3000 residents aged over 40 years from 5 areas in Hubei province of China in 2019-20. The data on questionnaire, physical measurements, and spirometry of the participants were collected. The associations of different BMI levels with the risk of different LFI were analyzed using multivariate logistic regressions after complex weighting.
Results
A total of 2860 subjects were included. The prevalence (95%CI) of obstructive lung disease (OLD), restrictive lung disease (RLD), mixed lung disease (MLD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), COPD mild, and COPD moderate/severe/very severe were 24.1% (95% CI: 22.2–26.2), 11.6% (95% CI: 10.3–12.9), 4.0% (95% CI: 3.3–4.8), 12.6% (95% CI: 11.0-14.1), 7.2% (95% CI: 6.0-8.4), and 5.3% (95% CI: 4.3–6.4) respectively. After multivariate adjustment, the risk of OLD, COPD, and COPD mild decreased with the increment of BMI levels (both P for trend < 0.05). When compared to the normal weight group, the overweight group and obese group were at lower risk of experiencing OLD than normal group, the ORs were 0.77 (95% CI: 0.59–0.99) and 0.59 (95% CI: 0.40–0.86) respectively. The obese group was at lower risk for people with COPD mild (OR: 0.42, 95%CI: 0.21–0.85). Participants in underweight group were more likely to experience COPD and COPD moderate/severe/very severe, the ORs were 2.82 (95% CI: 1.07–7.39) and 3.89 (95% CI: 1.28–11.87) respectively.
Conclusion
Higher BMI levels were associated with an decreased risk of OLD and COPD. Obesity had a protective effect on lung function in OLD patients and COPD patients. However, there was no significant difference in RLD and MLD prevalence between different BMI groups.
Short-term multi-modal prehabilitation intervention in patients undergoing limited operation for gastrointestinal cancer: study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Tai Rui , Sun Jufang , Han Chao , Dong Ran , Fang Fang
Published: September 2023

Background
Surgical trauma produces systemic stress response that may have a detrimental effect on clinical outcome. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the possible effects of short-term multi-modal prehabilitation intervention on post-operative systemic stress response in patients undergoing limited operation for gastrointestinal cancer.
Methods/design:
In this clinical trial, 80 patients with nonmetastatic gastrointestinal cancer will be randomly assigned to two groups (Group 1: usual care according to standard perioperative protocol of Department of General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital; Group 2: five-day multi-modal prehabilitation program prior to surgery which is supervised by a multidisciplinary team in hospital ). The primary outcome is post-operative systemic stress response. The secondary outcomes are pulmonary function levels, nutritional status, depression and anxiety, postoperative early mobilization and the length of postoperative hospitalization.
Discussion
The study results may help to evaluate the efficacy and safety of short-term multi-modal prehabilitation intervention on post-operative systemic stress response in patients undergoing limited operation for gastrointestinal cancer. This trial may provide a novel method of preventing or attenuating the systemic stress response and further promoting earlier postoperative mobilization and less postoperative hospitalization.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2200055764. Registered on 19 January 2022. Prospective registration.
Blood donation projections using hierarchical time series forecasting: The case of Zimbabwe’s national blood bank
Authors: Chideme Coster , Chikobvu Delson , Makoni Tendai
Published: September 2023

Background
Accurate blood donation forecasting gives blood managers empirical evidence in blood inventory planning. The aim of the study is to model and predict blood donations using hierarchical time series forecasting techniques. The modelling technique allows one to identify, say, a declining donor category, and in that way, the method offers feasible solutions for blood managers to work on.
Methods
The monthly blood donations data covering the period 2007 to 2018, collected from the National Blood Service Zimbabwe (NBSZ), was used, resulting in a total of 144 monthly observations. The data was first disaggregated by gender (Male and Female), with further disaggregation by blood groups (A, B, AB and O) within each gender category. The R-package HTS was used to generate forecasts using the bottom-up, top-down and optimal combination methods. The Error-Trend-Seasonality (ETS) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) methods were used to generate the forecasts.
Results
Blood group O had the highest monthly mean of 1507.85 and 1230.03 blood units for male and female donors, respectively. Male donors had higher mean blood donation projections compared to the female donors. The top-down forecasting proportions (TDFP) under ARIMA, with a MAPE value of 11.30, was selected as the best approach and used to forecast future blood donations. The future blood donation projections show a slight decline, which necessitates proactive measures by blood authorities to avert blood shortages.
Conclusions
Blood donation forecasting helps blood bank authorities in making decisions pertaining to blood donor recruitment, blood donation drives and resource allocations. The hierarchical forecasting approach is an alternative method that can be used in blood supply projections. The blood donation predictions showed seasonal trends with a slight decrease in total blood donations. Therefore, blood authorities in Zimbabwe could develop blood inventory interventions to ensure a sustainable blood supply in the near future.
Identification of Potential Crosstalk Genes and Mechanisms Between Periodontitis and Diabetic Nephropathy through Bioinformatic Analysis
Authors: Lu Huijuan , Sun Jia , Sun Jieqiong
Published: September 2023

Background
Periodontitis (PD) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) are significant public health concerns globally and are closely related with each other. This study aimed to identify potential crosstalk genes, pathways, and mechanisms associated with the interaction between PD and DN.
Methods
Expression profiles of PD and DN were retrieved from the GEO database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened, followed by identification of co-expressed differential genes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using R software. A protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed via STRING website, and key crosstalk genes were selected using Cytoscape. Subsequent GO and KEGG analyses were conducted for the key genes, and a validation dataset was obtained from the GEO database for differential gene validation. The TRRUST website was employed to identify transcription factors (TFs) associated with the key crosstalk genes between PD and DN, followed by differential analysis of TFs.
Results
A total of 17 crosstalk genes were obtained. Among them, SAMSN1, BCL2A1, IL19, IL1B, RGS1, CXCL3, CCR1, CXCR4, CXCL1 and PTGS2 were identified as key crosstalk genes between PD and DN. Additionally, sixteen key TFs were discovered.
Conclusion
This bioinformatic analysis revealed potential crosstalk genes between PD and DN. The identified key genes participate in signaling pathways, including cytokine signaling and chemokine signaling transduction, which might collectively influence these two diseases. These findings may provide insights for future research.
Predicting pancreatic cancer outcome with necrosis-associated long noncoding RNAs
Authors: Zhu Yanqiu , Duan Jin , Yu Haibin , Yang Jun
Published: September 2023

Background: The pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer remains elusive, despite its high mortality rate and limited therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, it is imperative to explore the potential role of necrosis in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer.
Methods: Gene expression and clinical data were from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database .
To identify long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), we conducted co-expression analysis using immune genes from the database. The risk model was constructed by employing univariate and multivariate Cox regressions, as well as Lasso penalized regression analysis. Then, the patients were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. Subsequently, we conducted an assessment of our signature across diverse clinical settings, encompassing clinical-pathological characteristics, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and checkpoint-related biomarkers.Prognostic prediction was achieved by integrating differentially expressed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) signatures associated with necroptosis. We constructed a highly predictive nomogram by fusing necrosis related lncRNA signature with clinical features.
Results: We generated lncRNA signatures by considering the variations in the expression of different lncRNAs.The AUC of the ROC curve, which pertains to the signature's predictive ability for the 5-year survival rate, was determined to be 0.918. Further analysis demonstrated that our signature is capable of effectively differentiating unfavorable survival outcomes, prognostic clinic-pathological characteristics, and accurately determining tumor infiltration status. We found a significant correlation between the low risk group and the high expression of immune checkpoint related genes.
Conclusion: A pancreatic cancer lncRNA signature of innovative nature, demonstrating promising prognostic value, was developed through the utilization of the TCGA database. Our research can provide valuable evidence for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis evaluation of pancreatic cancer.
Comparative Efficacy of Different Growth Hormone Supplementation Protocols in Improving Clinical Outcomes in Women with Poor Ovarian Response Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Therapy: A Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Zheyun , Tong Weiquan , Yang Ze , Zhang Hongyan , Chen Xingbei
Published: September 2023

Growth hormone(GH) is widely used in assisted reproduction for patients with poor ovarian response(POR), but the optimal dosage and timing remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of different GH supplementation protocols through a network meta-analysis (NMA) and determine the optimal treatment protocol. This study was reported based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews for Network Meta‑Analysis (PRISMA‑NMA) statement. Databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Embase were searched until June 2023. A total of 524 records were retrieved in our search, and 23 clinical studies comprising 4889 cycles were involved. Seven different GH protocols were identified. Results showed that compared to the control group, daily administration of 4–8 IU of GH during the follicular phase of the stimulation cycle had the best comprehensive therapeutic effects on improving the number of retrieved oocytes, mature oocytes, endometrial thickness, and reducing gonadotropin requirements in POR patients undergoing assisted reproductive therapy, with a relatively brief treatment duration and a moderate total GH dose. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that this protocol could significantly improve the clinical pregnancy rate of POR patients in the randomized controlled trials (RCT) subgroup and the African subgroup. Therefore, its clinical application is suggested. Besides, the potential advantages of long-term GH supplementation protocol need to be explored. Further rigorous and well-designed multi-arm RCTs are needed to confirm the conclusions drawn from this study.
Effect of Once Weekly Semaglutide in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in National Guard Primary Health Care, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: a retrospective cohort study.
Authors: Alzahrani Mahmoud Abdullah , Rammal Lama , Felemban Razaz , Khan Monammed Anwar , Saad Hamzah , Abdullatif Abdulelah , Alawashiz Zyad , Alsulami Nabil , Alrezqi Muhammed
Published: September 2023

Purpose In this study we aimed to analyze the effects of Semaglutide injection (Ozempic) in patients with diabetes on glycemic control and weight. Furthermore, identify the percentage of discontinuation due to Semaglutide side effects. Methods The study was performed in the Primary Health Care in King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. BestCare (Health Information System refers to a smart and interactive electronic clinical record system that contains the Patient's medical history) was used to collect patients’ data. The study included all patients, a total of 238 patients, who were diagnosed with T2DM who used subcutaneous Semaglutide with a starting does of 0.25 mg. Only patients who have taken the medication for 6 months or more were included. All diabetic patients who were pregnant, lactating, or under 18 were excluded. This study was a retrospective cohort study. Efficacy of Semaglutide in HbA1c and weight were the two primary objectives. Results Significant reduction in both HbA1c (P = 0.001) and weight (P = < 0.001) were noted in compliant patients who were on a diet and exercise. HbAlc was reduced from 8.2 ± 1.54 to 6.9 ± 1.44, while weight decreased from an average of 97KG to 89.2KG. Semaglutide side effects had a huge impact in patients’ compliance, 25.2% of the population discontinued Semaglutide due to side effects. Conclusion It has been noticed that type 2 diabetic patients using Semaglutide have had better glycemic control and better weight management. Also, patient following a generally healthy diet and consistent exercise have a significant reduction in weight. The noticeable improvement with lifestyle intervention strongly, recommend the use of Semaglutide along with following diet and exercise, which is helpful in the control and management of diabetes.
End-to-End Pseudonymization of Fine-Tuned Clinical BERT Models
Authors: Vakili Thomas , Henriksson Aron , Dalianis Hercules
Published: September 2023

Many state-of-the-art results in natural language processing (NLP) rely on large pre-trained language models (PLMs). These models consist of large amounts of parameters that are tuned using vast amounts of training data. These factors cause the models to memorize parts of their training data, making them vulnerable to various privacy attacks. This is cause for concern, especially when these models are applied in the clinical domain, where data are very sensitive. One privacy-preserving technique that aims to mitigate these problems is training data pseudonymization. This technique automatically identifies and replaces sensitive entities with realistic but non-sensitive surrogates. Pseudonymization has yielded promising results in previous studies. However, no previous study has applied pseudonymization to both the pre-training data of PLMs and the fine-tuning data used to solve clinical NLP tasks.
This study evaluates the predictive performance effects of end-to-end pseudonymization of clinical BERT models on five clinical NLP tasks compared to pre-training and fine-tuning on unaltered sensitive data. A large number of statistical tests are performed, revealing minimal harm to performance when using pseudonymized fine-tuning data. The results also find no deterioration from end-to-end pseudonymization of pre-training and fine-tuning data. These results demonstrate that pseudonymizing training data to reduce privacy risks can be done without harming data utility for training PLMs.
Anchorage Performance of a New Left Spiral Rebar bolt under Different Surrounding Rock Strength and borehole Depth
Authors: Zhang Ming , Cao Chen , Li Guanghan , Guo Baolong
Published: September 2023

The theory and technology of rock bolting are fundamental research topics for strata control in civil and mining engineering. Rebar bolts are commonly used for roadway primary support in underground coal mine. To adapt to deep resource mining, a new left spiral rebar bolt has been developed. Compared to conventional rebar bolts, the result of installation test showed that the new bolt reduced of 41.5% and 57.9% in stirring resistance force and torque, respectively. In laboratory pullout tests, PVC and aluminum sleeves were used to simulate weak and medium strength surrounding rocks. The average peak pullout force, displacement at the peak load and energy absorption increased by 27%, 107% and 108%, respectively, using PVC sleeve; and increased by 113%, 109% and 212%, respectively, using aluminum sleeve. Field tests were conducted under soft coal, hard coal and medium strength rock geo-conditions. Different borehole depths were selected to precisely calculate the average anchorage performance of the new bolt. Results showed that the average peak pullout force of the new bolt increased by 37%, 38% and 28%, respectively, under different surrounding rock conditions. Moreover, based on a huge amount of on-site test results, the pullout curves in field-testing were summarised and classified into 6 different patterns, which were discussed from a viewpoint of causality mechanism. The research findings validate that the newly developed bolt has better anchorage performance com-pared to conventional rebar bolts, making it a new anchorage material for deep resource mining.
Glucocorticoid Synergistically Activate Stat3 and NF-κB with Inflammatory Cytokines and Enhance the Anti-inflammatory Function of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells
Authors: Shi Yufang , Huang Peiqing , Sun Rongrong , Xu Chenchang , Jiang Zixuan , Zuo Muqiu , Li Yinghong , Liu Rui , Gong Peixia , Han Yuyi , Fang Jiankai , Li Peishan , Shao Changshun
Published: September 2023

Glucocorticoid (GC) is essential for maintaining immune homeostasis. While GC is known to regulate the expression of genes related to inflammation in immune cells, the effects of GC, especially in the presence of inflammation, on non-immune cells remain largely unexplored. In particular, the impact of GC on inflammatory cytokine-induced immune modulatory responses of tissue stromal cells is unknown, though it has been widely used to modulate tissue injuries. Here we found that GC could enhance the expression of TSG6, a vital tissue repair effector molecule, in IFNγ and TNFα treated human umbilical cord (UC)-MSCs. NF-κB activation was found to be required for GC-promoted TSG6 upregulation in IFNγ and TNFα activated UC-MSCs. STAT3 was also found to enhance TSG6 expression in MSCs received IFNγ, TNFα and GC. NF-κB was also found to promote the phosphorylation (activation) of STAT3. Importantly, human UC-MSCs pretreated with a cocktail containing GC, IFNγ, and TNFα could significantly enhance the therapeutic effect of human UC-MSCs in an acute lung injury mouse model, as reflected by reduced infiltration of immune cells and down-regulation of iNOS in macrophages in the lung. Together, the findings reveal a novel link between GR, NF-κB and STAT3 in regulating the immunomodulatory and regenerative properties of MSCs, providing novel information for the understanding and treatment of inflammatory conditions.
Rapid Preparation of Co1-xMxSb3 (M = Fe, Mn) Skutterudites two series filling: Enabling high-efficiency thermoelectric
Authors: Diantoro Markus , Sawitri Rizky Aditya , Aditya Dicky , Mufti Nandang , Taufiq Ahmad , Nasikhudin Nasikhudin , Hastuti Erna , Said Suhana Mohd
Published: September 2023

The skutterudite, of general formula CoSb3 is a thermoelectric material with high mobility, large atomic mass, and high electrical conductivity. As the Seebeck coefficient is more than 100 µVK-1, coupled with a thermal conductivity is around 10 Wm-1K-1 using Fe and Mn doping, it provides a pathway for the attainment of improved Figure of Merit. Fe and Mn with stoichiometric fractions x = 0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 are expected to decrease thermal conductivity and increase electrical conductivities through the skutterudite's Phonon Glass Electron Crystal (PGEC) structure. Skutterudites of formulation Co1-xMxSb3 (M = Fe, Mn) were synthesized using the modified polyol method, and the materials were characterized using XRD, SEM-EDX, FTIR, Raman, and I-V meters. The particle size of the Co1-xMxSb3 ranged from 21.06–32.24 nm, and the cell unit volume was 743.5-746.2 Å3. Furthermore, adding Fe and Mn doping changed the local crystal structure. The SEM analysis showed that the grains were agglomerated, while the mapping of Co, Fe, Mn, and Sb indicated that these elements were evenly distributed on the surface. FTIR functional group analysis at wave numbers ~ 418–424 cm-1 exhibited Co-Fe and Co-Mn bonds, while Co-Sb bonds were detected at ~ 406–410 cm-1. The concentration of charge carriers and electrical conductivity from the Raman and I-V meters increased with the stoichiometric doping fraction. The electrical conductivity obtained ranges from 103-105 Ω-1.cm-1, which implies that Co1-xMxSb3 is a semiconductor material with the potential for thermoelectric applications.
A case report of carcinoma of the papilla of Vater associated with a hyperplasia–dysplasia–carcinoma sequence by pancreaticobiliary maljunction
Authors: Korai Takahiro , Kimura Yasutoshi , Watanabe Kazunori , Low Siew-Kee , Imamura Masafumi , Nagayama Minoru , Kukita Kazuharu , Murakami Takeshi , Kato Toru , Kondo Yuta , Kyuno Daisuke , Sugawara Taro , Murota Ayako , Kawakami Yujiro , Masaki Yoshiharu , Nakase Hiroshi , Takemasa Ichiro
Published: September 2023

Background
Pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) is a known risk factor for biliary tract cancer. However, its association with carcinoma of the papilla of Vater (PVca) remains unknown. We report a case with PVca that was thought to be caused by the hyperplasia–dysplasia–carcinoma sequence, which is considered a mechanism underlying PBM-induced biliary tract cancer.
Case presentation:
A 70-year-old woman presented with white stool and had a history of cholecystectomy for the diagnosis of a non-dilated biliary tract with PBM. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a tumor in the papilla of Vater, and PVca was histologically proven by biopsy. We finally diagnosed her with PVca concurrent with non-biliary dilated PBM (cT1aN0M0, cStage IA, according to the Union for International Cancer Control, 8th edition), and subsequently performed subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. Pathological findings of the resected specimen revealed no adenomas and dysplastic and hyperplastic mucosae in the common channel slightly upstream of the main tumor, suggesting a PBM related carcinogenic pathway with hyperplasia–dysplasia–carcinoma sequence. Immunostaining revealed positivity for CEA. CK7 positivity, CK20 negativity, and MUC2 negativity indicated that this PVca was of the pancreaticobiliary type. Genetic mutations were exclusively detected in tumors and not in normal tissues, and bile ducts from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples included mutated-ERBB2 (Mutant allele frequency, 81.95%). Moreover, of the cell-free deoxyribonucleic acid (cfDNA) extracted from liquid biopsy mutated-ERBB2 was considered the circulating-tumor deoxyribonucleic acid (ctDNA) of this tumor.
Conclusions
Herein, we report the first case of PVca with PBM potentially caused by a “hyperplasia–dysplasia–carcinoma sequence” detected using immunostaining and next-generation sequencing. Careful follow-up is required if pancreaticobiliary reflux persists, considering the possible development of PVca.
Effect of the Imperfect Channel Estimation on Achievable NOMA Rate
Authors: Belső Zoltán , Pap László
Published: September 2023

In recent years, Non-orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has beenproposed as an alternative to the more traditional Orthogonal MultipleAccess (OMA) schemes for mobile communication. In the NOMA method,the resource domains (like power and bandwidth) are not split but sharedbetween the users of the network. The non-orthogonality means thatthere is cross-talk between the signals of different users,and the interference is either cancelled by a method called successiveinterference cancellation (SIC) or treated as part of the noise. Comparing the achievable capacity region of OMA and NOMA schemes showthat NOMA has advantage over OMA. The SIC method requires knowledge of the channel characteristicbetween the base station and the user. In the ideal case where allthe channel conditions are precisely known, NOMA always performs better thanor equal to OMA. In real application, the channel characteristic canonly be estimated, which can be non-perfect.In this paper, we will examine the effect of non-perfect channel estimationon the performance of NOMA and will find that in some cases, NOMAstill perform better than OMA, but in other cases OMA would performbetter.
Accuracy of Cone-Beam Computed Tomography in Detection of Root Perforations Using Different Voxel Sizes in Comparison to Digital Periapical Radiograph, An in vitro study
Authors: Abada Hisham , gemaie Dana El , Shreif Mohamed El , Hatata Nour
Published: September 2023

Objectives:The aim of this study is to quantitatively compare the diagnostic accuracy of CBCT with 0.2 and 0.4 mm3voxel sizes and a digital PR for the detection of strip perforation for mesial root of the mandibular first molar with and without root canal obturation when evaluated by different observer specialty.Materials and Methods:48 intact mandibular first molars were selected for this study, the teeth were divided to the following groups: (i)no strip perforation and no obturation, (ii) no strip perforation and obturation, (iii) strip perforation and no obturation, (iv) strip perforation and obturation. ﻿Each tooth was inserted in a dry mandible to obtain intraoral digital, CBCT images were obtained using two voxel sizes 0.2 and 0.4 mm3. Two general practitioners, two endodontists, and two dentomaxillofacial radiologists were asked to evaluate all images for detection of strip root perforation individually and together. The sensitivity and specificity of all images modalities to diagnose perforations were calculated.Results:There was no statistically significant difference between the accuracy of the PR images observed by the two general practitioners and two radiologists, while they showed a statistically low significant difference compared to the images observed by the two endodontists. CBCT images accuracy showed a higher significant difference than PR images observed by general practitioners and radiologists.Conclusions:﻿ CBCT was associated with significantly greater accuracy for detection of strip root perforation than PR. When two endodontist specialists observed the PR together, they showed a higher significance difference in the detection of root perforation compared to general practitioners and radiologists, and they showed no significant difference compared CBCT images. There was no significant difference between 0.2 and 0.4 mm3voxel sizes of CBCT images.Clinical Relevance: The accuracy of PR in the detection of root perforation is equal to that of CBCT when observed by two endodontists, and it is higher than the accuracy of PR images observed by general practitioners and radiologists.
Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Associated Factors in Post- Conflict Areas, North Shoa Zone, Ethiopia: A Community Based Cross- Sectional Study
Authors: Mengistu Bethelehem Taye , Engidaw Nigus Alemnew , Engda Abayneh Shewangzaw , Wubetu Abate Dargie , Seyoum worku Abemie , Niguse Elda mekonne , getye Birhan , Basha Elyas Admasu
Published: September 2023

Background
Post-traumatic stress disorder places an enormous burden on conflict-affected society. People in conflict-affected areas have higher rates of mental disorders, in particular post-traumatic stress disorder, than those usually found in the non-conflict-affected general population. There is scarce evidence in Ethiopia regarding post-traumatic stress disorder in residents of conflict-affected areas. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and associated factors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among people in a post-conflict area, North Shoa, Ethiopia.
Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed from May 24-June 24, 2022, in the North Shoa Zone, Amhara, Ethiopia. The Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) was used to measure the symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and the data was collected by direct interview. All collected data were entered into Epi Data version 4.6 and analyzed with SPSS version 25. Bivariable and multivariable regression models were used to determine the factors associated with Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result
A total of 830 participants were interviewed with a response rate of 96%. The estimated prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder was found to be 63% (95% CI 60–66%). In the multivariable logistic regression, being female (AOR = 4.2, 95% CI (2.82, 6.27)), being unable to read and write (AOR = 3.08, 95% CI (1.67, 5.69)), witnessing the murder of loved ones (AOR = 3.28, 95% CI (1.58, 6.79)), witnessing the murder of strangers (AOR = 2.04, 95% CI (1.33, 3.11)), being verbally threatened or insulted (AOR = 4.09, 95% CI (2.69, 6.21)). Having poor and moderate social support (AOR = 5.26, 95% CI (3.35, 8.28)), (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI (1.15, 3.13)), respectively, was significantly associated with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.
Conclusion
More than half of the dwellers living in conflict-affected areas experienced post-traumatic stress disorder. Treating and using coping mechanisms regarding identified factors is a way to minimize the burden of post-traumatic stress disorder.
Assessment of ultrasonographic endometrial changes following discontinuation of tamoxifen treatment in postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving tamoxifen as hormonal adjuvant therapy
Authors: Babin Mikhail , Gluck Ohad , Yeruham Iftach , Keidar Ran , Kerner Ram , Weiner Eran , Sagiv Ron
Published: September 2023

Objective:
To assess the effects of tamoxifen on endometrial stripe thickness and its role in endometrial neoplasia progression after discontinuation of therapy.
Methods:
This is a retrospective, cohort study that included postmenopausal women who were diagnosed with breast cancer and received prophylactic therapy with tamoxifen. Ultrasonographic measurement of endometrial stipe thickness were made during the treatment and after its discontinuation.
Results:
Of 406 women diagnosed with breast cancer who received tamoxifen therapy and were followed in our institution, 61 had finished the treatment at the time of data collection. Endometrial stripe thickness reached 8mm, 6 months after the beginning of the therapy, and remained relatively stable afterwards not exceeding 9mm even with extended treatment. Endometrial stripe thickness drops significantly within one month after treatment discontinuation with a further decrease until it reaches pretreatment levels at about three months.
Conclusion:
In women on tamoxifen therapy, endometrial stripe thickness above 9mm may necessitate additional workup to rule out endometrial pathology. Given that endometrial stripe thickness decreases to the pretreatment levels even shortly after treatment discontinuation, any finding of thickened endometrium in women who were recently treated with tamoxifen should warrant additional tests to exclude endometrial pathology.
End-to-end Slicing of RAN based on Next Generation Optical Access Network
Authors: Centofanti Carlo , Marotta Andrea , Gudepu Venkateswarlu , Cassioli Dajana , Graziosi Fabio , Roberts Hal , Bernard Chris , Kondepu Koteswararao
Published: September 2023

Given their widespread use, optical access networks suitable as a practical infrastructure for mobile networks and services. The diverse range of services supported by mobile networks requires the implementation of slicing mechanisms that can manage resources across all associated network segments, from the mobile user to the core network.
In this study, we present a fully operational and integrated 5G network deployment that caters to end-to-end slicing in next-generation access networks. We assess the impact of resource allocation mechanisms within the optical access network on the performance of a slice, particularly in terms of latency and jitter experienced by mobile users.
The Influence of Infant Characteristics on Postpartum Depression among mothers with hospitalized infant in NICU
Authors: Kawafha Mariam , Maghaireh Duaa Al , Shawish Najah , Hamadah Yara , Hamadah Zeena , Alkofahi Abedelkader , Mushasha Rama Al
Published: September 2023

Purpose
The purpose of the study to determine the prevalence of mother postpartum depression and to examine the association between infant characteristics and postpartum depression in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Methods
A Quantitative cross sectional survey design was conducted in three government teaching hospitals in Jordan. A convenience sample of 188 mothers with hospitalized 188 infant in NICU was recruited. Questionnaires were used to collect the quantitative data, which include Infant Demographic Data Questionnaire, Mother Demographic Data Questionnaire and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The study revealed that Infant characteristics such as gestational age, medical condition classification, and birth weight are found to be significant factors that influence depression among mothers.
Results
The results showed that mothers with infants admitted to NICU experience postpartum depression with a mean of 3.82 and median of 4.04. There were significant differences based on gestational age, birth weight, and classification of medical condition and mothers' postpartum depression.
Conclusion
Knowing the relationship of certain infant’s characteristics and postpartum depression can help to focus on relevant infant characteristics so that timely interventions to improve mothers' well-being can be developed.
Potential Changes in the Conjunctival Microbiota of Middle-aged and Elderly Chinese Population at Current Stage
Authors: Zhao Tianyao , Wang Yuchen , Sun Yingjuan , Wang JunYue , Jiang Xiaodan , Li Xuemin , Deng Aihua
Published: September 2023

Background
The conjunctiva, as an exposed ocular tissue, harbors microbial colonization. Changes in ocular surface microenvironment and overall health status can lead to ocular infectious diseases. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the probability of experiencing ocular discomfort has gradually increased after wearing masks. Therefore, this study aims to isolate and identify the conjunctival microbiota of cataract patients at the present stage and analyze the associated influencing factors.
Methods
This study recruited 216 participants (216 eyes) from April 2022 to July 2022. Under the condition of no antibiotic use prior to cataract surgery, sterile swabs were used to collect samples from the lower conjunctival sac. Bacterial cultures were then conducted, followed by species identification through 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Clinical factors associated with positive or negative bacterial isolation rates were analyzed, including age, gender, meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), history of hypertension, history of diabetes, history of cancer, history of infectious diseases and the habit of wearing masks.
Results
Among the 216 eyes, 78 eyes yielded isolates, with an isolation rate of 36.11%, detecting a total of 122 strains. Gram-positive rods accounted for 49.18% (60 strains), Gram-positive cocci accounted for 45.08% (55 strains), Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 4.92% (6 strains), and fungi accounted for 0.82% (1 strain). This study found that the most abundant genera in the conjunctival sac were Corynebacterium (52%), Staphylococcus (38%), Micrococcus (9.84%), Acinetobacter (4.10%) and Bacillus (3.28%). Furthermore, age (P = 0.006), gender (P = 0.039), diabetes (P = 0.003), history of infectious diseases (P = 0.02), and duration of mask replacement (P < 0.001) were important factors influencing the positive bacterial culture of the conjunctival microbiota. Although hypertensive patients exhibited a higher isolation rate of conjunctival bacteria, it did not reach statistical significance, and the history of cancer did not affect the isolation rate of the conjunctival microbial community in cataract patients before surgery.
Conclusion
The composition of the conjunctival microbiota in middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals may have undergone changes at the present stage, with an increased isolation rate of Corynebacterium and Micrococcus, which warrants attention from ophthalmologists. Advanced age, female gender, MGD, diabetes, recent history of infectious diseases, and poor mask-wearing habits may be important factors to consider in preventing perioperative infections in cataract patients.
Exploring the role of user empowerment in shaping behavioral intention and actual use of mHealth: An empirical study of an extended Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Pak Jinie , Kim Hyang-Sook
Published: September 2023

Many studies have highlighted mobile health (mHealth)’s positive impact on health promotion and disease management. However, technological features in mHealth alone to address challenges in retention may not ensure sustained utilization of mHealth if users lack interest or motivation for their own health management. Therefore, we aimed to explore the role of user empowerment, users' active involvement and ability to regulate health behaviors as influencing factors in mHealth adoption and usage. We extended the technology acceptance model (TAM) by incorporating the concept of user empowerment and tested the model by leveraging structural equation modeling with survey data collected from 612 respondents. Our findings revealed that positive and negative perceived health status (β = 0.24, t = 4.28, p < 0.001; β = 0.12, t = 2.50, p < 0.05) and health literacy (β = 0.64, t = 9.03, p < 0.001) resulted in a significant positive association with user empowerment in addition to users’ perception on ease of use of mHealth apps except for self-efficacy. User empowerment showed significant positive associations with all constructs related to TAM: perceived ease of use (β = 0.27, t = 7.11, p < 0.001), perceived usefulness (β = 0.15, t = 4.03, p < 0.001), behavioral intention (β = 0.48, t = 4.78, p < 0.001), and actual use (β = 0.31, t = 5.28, p < 0.001). Our findings shed light on the dynamic relationship among user empowerment, mHealth adoption, and usage by offering insights into enhancing user engagement and fostering healthier lifestyles through technology-driven interventions.
Chemoradiotherapy-induced increase in Th2 cell rate in patients with cervical carcinoma is related to therapeutic tolerance and early recurrence
Authors: Liu Sihan , Qi Bangruo
Published: September 2023

Objective: To explore the role Th2 cells in therapeutic tolerance and early recurrence in cervical carcinoma.
Methods: Th2 cells were cultured in vitro. For chemotherapeutic trials, cells were challenged with serial concentrations of the chemotherapy agent cisplatin overnight. We clarified the molecular mechanisms using synthetic small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for Akt1 (si-Akt1) and Akt2 (si-Akt2). The relative expression level of RNA was detected by ABIVII7 real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. To explore the levels of pThr308- and pSer473- AKT in cells. The cervical carcinoma cells were grown in the present research. siRNA transfection was used to knock down AKT 1 and AKT 2. The cytotoxicity assays were used to compared the cellular viability in different conditions. HeLa and SW756 cells were subject to stimulation with medium or CM of Th17 cells produced in vitro. Th2-induced resistances to the combined therapy with cisplatin and irradiation were determined by the AKT pathway of the cervical cancer cells.
Results: Th2 cells could induce tolerance to cisplatin and co-treatment in cervical carcinoma cells in relation to IL-17. The chemoradiotherapy significantly further depressed the cell viability of the three cell lines. Likewise, preconditioning with recombinant IL-17 markedly diminished the cellular reactivity to chemoradiotherapy, which resulted in enhanced cell viability.
Conclusion: Th2 cells in the management of cervical carcinoma has been discovered in our research. Th2 cells operate in a duplex manner during therapy.
Comparison of Immediate versus Optional Delayed surgical repair for treatment of acute Anterior cruciate ligament injury through a parallel, multicentric, pragmatic randomized controlled trial – IODA trial
Authors: Smeets Annemie , Ahwaz Feryal Ghafelzadeh , Bogaerts Stijn , Berger Pieter , Peers Koen
Published: September 2023

Background: Standard care for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries often includes surgical reconstruction of the ACL. However, two randomized controlled trials (1, 2) (RCT) concluded that conservative treatment does not result in inferior clinical outcomes compared to immediate ACL reconstruction. More research is needed to verify these results and assess whether patient-specific parameters determine if a patient would benefit from one treatment option over the other.
Methods: This is a pragmatic, multi-center RCT with two parallel groups. Patients with an acute ACL injury will be recruited from Belgian hospitals. Patients will be randomized to conservative treatment (rehabilitation + optional delayed surgery) or immediate ACL reconstruction (<12 weeks). The primary outcome is the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) at 7 months (short term) and 1-year long term) post-injury. These following additional outcomes will be administered at 4 and 7 months (short term) and 1, 2, and 3 years post-injury (long term): patient-reported outcomes concerning knee symptoms, knee function and quality of life, functional knee tests, time to return to pre-injury activity level and return to work, structural knee joint damage and cartilage health (only at 4 months and 3 years post-injury), as well as adverse events such as re-rupture rates. Furthermore, the secondary objective is to identify (through a predictive analysis) individuals who would benefit the most from early reconstruction versus those who should rather be treated conservatively.
Discussion: This large RCT will assess the clinical effectiveness of both surgical and conservative treatment. In addition, it will be the first study that provides insights into which patient-specific factors predict successful outcomes after conservative treatment of ACL injuries. These results will be the first step toward early patient identification regarding treatment decisions. This is urgently needed to avoid 1) delayed surgeries and prolonged rehabilitation and 2) unnecessary surgeries.
Trial registration: this trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05747079) on 10/02/2023.
Incidence and characteristics of 18F-FDG uptake in brown adipose tissue induced by β3-adrenergic receptor agonist treatment in 18F-FDG PET/CT images in elderly patients over 50 years of age
Authors: Ogane Kenichiro , Ito Kimiteru , Morook Miyako , Kusumoto Masahiko
Published: September 2023

Objective
The incidence of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in brown adipose tissue (BAT) in elderly patients and the characteristics of 18F-FDG uptake in BAT induced by β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) agonist treatment remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the incidence of radiotracer uptake during 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in patients over 50 years of age in daily clinical practice, and to explore the characteristics of 18F-FDG uptake in BAT induced by β3-AR agonist treatment.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the 18F-FDG-PET images of 29 patients over 50 years of age who showed 18F-FDG uptake in BAT. We analyzed the association between β3-AR agonist treatment and 18F-FDG uptake in BAT by focusing on the following 8 regions - the cervical, periclavicular, axillary, mediastinal, paraspinal, para-abdominal aortic, perirenal, and perisplenic regions.
Results
The results revealed a significant difference in the FDG uptake in the BAT of the perirenal region between patients who were under and not under β3-AR agonist treatment at the time of the PET examination. Comparison of the standardized uptake value maximum (SUVmax) also showed a significant difference in 18F-FDG uptake in the BAT of the perirenal region between patients who were under and not under β3-AR agonist treatment at the time of the PET examination (p = 0.001).
Conclusion
In patients over 50 years of age who show 18F-FDG uptake in BAT, increased 18F-FDG uptake due to the influence of β3-AR agonists should be considered. Presence of 18F-FDG uptake in the BAT of the perirenal region may serve as a clue to considering β3-AR agonist-induced uptake.
Marked variations in diversity and functions of gut microbiota between wild and domestic stag bettle Dorcus hopei hopei
Authors: Lu Yikai , chu Siyuan , Shi Zhiyuan , You Ruobing , Chen Haimin
Published: September 2023

Background Although spade beetles are a popular saprophytic insect, their gut microbiome has been poorly studied. Here, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was employed to reveal the gut microbiota composition and functional variations between wild and domestic Dorcushopei hopei larval individuals.
Results The results indicated a significant difference between the wild and domestic Dhh gut microbiota, the domestic Dorcus individuals contained more gut microbial taxa with xenobiotic degrading functions, such as genera Ralstoniaand Methyloversatilis, while the wild Dorcus possesses gut microbiota compositions more appropriate for energy metabolism and potential growth, for instance Turicibacter and Tyzzerella. This study furthermore assigned all Dhh individuals by size into groups for data analysis; the results indicated limited disparities between the gut microbiota of different-sized Dorcus hopei hopei larvae.
Conclusion The outcome of this study illustrated that there exists a significant discrepancy in gut microbiota composition between wild and domestic Dorcus hopei hopeilarvae, and the assemblage of gut microbiome in Dorcus hopei hopei was primarily attributed to environmental influence instead of Dorcus individuals varied developmental potential and size. These findings will provide valuable theoretical foundation for the protection of wild saprophytic insects and the development and utilization of the insect-associated intestinal microbiome in the future.