bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accurate and efficient leap-frog beam propagation method for modeling micro and nanophotonic structures
Authors: Ayoub Ahmed B. , Swillam Mohamed A.
Published: July 2020

In this paper, a novel and efficient approach for solving the beam propagation method (BPM) governing equation is proposed. The approach is based on the reformulation of the beam propagation equation to solve real system matrices only at each propagation step. The reformulated equation utilizes a leap-frog (LF) technique to couple the real and imaginary components of the field in an iterative scheme. The method yields higher processing speed by at least 30% more than that of the conventional BPM method. To validate the proposed LF-BPM method, different photonic systems, including directional couplers and multimode interferometers, are simulated. Results have been experimentally verified by comparing them with results measured for fabricated micro-photonic structures. A stability analysis was performed to study the effect of the design parameters on the performance of the proposed scheme. The proposed LF-BPM approach is considered a promising technique for efficient modeling of optical structures.
Effects of excitation light polarization on fluorescence emission in two-photon light-sheet microscopy
Authors: de Vito Giuseppe , Ricci Pietro , Turrini Lapo , Gavryusev Vladislav , Müllenbroich Caroline , Tiso Natascia , Vanzi Francesco , Silvestri Ludovico , Pavone Francesco Saverio
Published: July 2020

Light-sheet microscopy (LSM) is a powerful imaging technique that uses a planar illumination oriented orthogonally to the detection axis. Two-photon (2P) LSM is a variant of LSM that exploits the 2P absorption effect for sample excitation. The light polarization state plays a significant, and often overlooked, role in 2P absorption processes. The scope of this work is to test whether using different polarization states for excitation light can affect the detected signal levels in 2P LSM imaging of typical biological samples with a spatially unordered dye population. Supported by a theoretical model, we compared the fluorescence signals obtained using different polarization states with various fluorophores (fluorescein, EGFP and GCaMP6s) and different samples (liquid solution and fixed or living zebrafish larvae). In all conditions, in agreement with our theoretical expectations, linear polarization oriented parallel to the detection plane provided the largest signal levels, while perpendicularly-oriented polarization gave low fluorescence signal with the biological samples, but a large signal for the fluorescein solution. Finally, circular polarization generally provided lower signal levels. These results highlight the importance of controlling the light polarization state in 2P LSM of biological samples. Furthermore, this characterization represents a useful guide to choose the best light polarization state when maximization of signal levels is needed, e.g. in high-speed 2P LSM.
In vivo assessment of vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy effects on tumor microvasculature using ultrahigh-resolution functional optical coherence tomography
Authors: Chen Defu , Yuan Wu , Park Hyeon-Cheol , Li Xingde
Published: July 2020

Vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) is an emerging treatment for tumors. The change of tumor vasculatures, including a newly-formed microvascular, in response to VTP, is a key assessment parameter for optimizing the treatment effect. However, an accurate assessment of vasculature, particularly the microvasculature’s changes in vivo, remains challenging due to the limited resolution afforded by existing imaging modalities. In this study, we demonstrated the in vivo imaging of VTP effects on an A431 tumor-bearing window chamber model of a mouse with an 800-nm ultrahigh-resolution functional optical coherence tomography (UHR-FOCT). We further quantitatively demonstrated the effects of VTP on the size and density of tumor microvasculature before, during, and after the treatment. Our results suggest the promising potential of UHR-FOCT for assessing the tumor treatment with VTP in vivo and in real time to achieve an optimal outcome.
Reflective photonic hook achieved by a dielectric-coated concave hemicylindrical mirror
Authors: Liu Cheng-Yang , Chung Hung-Ju , E Hsuan-Pei
Published: July 2020

In this study, we propose a new design of a dielectric-coated concave hemicylindrical mirror for efficient generation of a reflective photonic hook (PH). Numerical approaches based on the finite-difference time-domain technique are used to investigate the physical mechanism of reflective PH formation. The field intensity distributions and photonic fluxes near the concave mirror are analyzed for working in the reflection mode. The asymmetric vortexes of Poynting vectors cause the reflective PH with a large bending angle. By changing the refractive index of the dielectric film, the shape and curvature of the reflective PH can be efficiently adjusted. Moreover, the narrow waist of the reflective PH is obtained beyond half of the incident wavelength. This compact dielectric-coated concave mirror has proven its practicability for integrated photonic circuits in the reflection mode.
Magnon-induced optical high-order sideband generation in hybrid atom-cavity optomagnonical system
Authors: Xu Wen-Ling , Gao Yong-Pan , Wang Tie-Jun , Wang Chuan
Published: July 2020

The nonlinearity of magnons plays an important role in the study of an optomagnonical system. Here in this paper, we focus on the high-order sideband and frequency comb generation characteristics in the atom coupled optomagnonical resonator. We find that the atom-cavity coupling strength is related to the nonlinear coefficients, and the efficiency of sidebands generation could be reinforced by tuning the polarization of magnons. Besides, we show that the generation of the sidebands could be suppressed under the large dissipation condition. This study provides a novel way to engineer the low-threshold high-order sidebands in hybrid optical microcavities.
Proposal for a quantum traveling Brillouin resonator
Authors: Harris Glen I. , Sawadsky Andreas , Sfendla Yasmine L. , Wasserman Walter W. , Bowen Warwick P. , Baker Christopher G.
Published: July 2020

Brillouin systems operating in the quantum regime have recently been identified as a valuable tool for quantum information technologies and fundamental science. However, reaching the quantum regime is extraordinarily challenging, owing to the stringent requirements of combining low thermal occupation with low optical and mechanical dissipation, and large coherent phonon-photon interactions. Here, we propose an on-chip liquid based Brillouin system that is predicted to exhibit large phonon-photon coupling with exceptionally low acoustic dissipation. The system is comprised of a silicon-based “slot” waveguide filled with superfluid helium. This type of waveguide supports optical and acoustical traveling waves, strongly confining both fields into a subwavelength-scale mode volume. It serves as the foundation of an on-chip traveling wave Brillouin resonator with an electrostrictive single photon optomechanical coupling rate exceeding 240 kHz. Such devices may enable applications ranging from ultra-sensitive superfluid-based gyroscopes, to non-reciprocal optical circuits. Furthermore, this platform opens up new possibilities to explore quantum fluid dynamics in a strongly interacting condensate.
Time delay effect in a microchip pulse laser for the nonlinear photoacoustic signal enhancement
Authors: Xing Enbo , Liu Yu-Hang , Rong Jiamin , Liu Wenyao , Tang Jun , Liu Jun , Thakor Nitish , Hong Minghui
Published: July 2020

The Grüneisen relaxation effect has been successfully employed to improve the photoacoustic (PA) imaging contrast. However, complex system design and cost hinder the progress from benchside to bedside, since an additional pre-heating laser source needs to be coupled into the original light path and synchronized with other equipment for conducting the nonlinear effect. To overcome the limitation, we propose a time delay heating PA imaging (TDH-PAI) method based on the time delay effect in a passively Q-switched laser. Experimentally, only one single microchip pulse laser is built and utilized for the nonlinear PA signal enhancement without additional components. The 808 nm pump pulse of the laser diode and the excited 1064 nm pulse are respectively used for pre-heating and acquiring PA signals. The heating effect is optimized by adjusting the input parameters and an enhancement of more than 30% in PA signals is achieved. TDH-PAI reduces the cost and complexity of the nonlinear PA system, which provides an efficient way for achieving a high-contrast PA imaging.
Determining the refractive index, absolute thickness and local slope of a thin transparent film using multi-wavelength and multi-incident-angle interference
Authors: He Mengfei , Nagel Sidney R.
Published: July 2020

We describe a high-speed interferometric method, using multiple angles of incidence and multiple wavelengths, to measure the absolute thickness, tilt, the local angle between the surfaces, and the refractive index of a fluctuating transparent wedge. The method is well suited for biological, fluid and industrial applications.
Ultraviolet to mid-infrared supercontinuum generation in single-crystalline aluminum nitride waveguides
Authors: Lu Juanjuan , Liu Xianwen , Bruch Alexander W. , Zhang Liang , Wang Junxi , Yan Jianchang , Tang Hong X.
Published: July 2020

We demonstrate ultrabroadband supercontinuum generation from ultraviolet to mid-infrared wavelengths in single-crystalline aluminum nitride waveguides. Tunable dispersive waves are observed at the mid-infrared regime by precisely controlling the waveguide widths. In addition, ultraviolet light is generated through cascaded second-harmonic generation in the modal phase-matched waveguides. Numerical simulation indicates a high degree of coherence of the generated spectrum at around the telecom pump and two dispersive waves. Our results establish a reliable path for multiple octave supercontinuum comb generation in single-crystalline aluminum nitride to enable applications including precision frequency metrology and spectroscopy.
Infrared to visible upconversion luminescence of trivalent erbium tetrafluoroborate complexes
Authors: Nigoghossian Karina , Miyashita Tsumugi , Omura Asuto , Yeroslavsky Gil , Kim Dung Doan Thi , Okubo Kyohei , Umezawa Masakazu , Kamimura Masao , Soga Kohei
Published: July 2020

Upconverting erbium(III) complexes in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) were prepared via chloride ligand replacement by tetrafluoroborate, as suggested by changes in the spectral profile. Cl− removal as precipitated salts was evidenced by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The systematic spectroscopic work indicated optimal condition for complex preparation. Ions in the coordination site were controlled by adjusting the water phase, thus the amount of removed chloride salts. Maximum emission intensity, lower red-to-green ratio and narrower emission lines were achieved at molar ratios Er3+:BF4− = 1:7 and H2O:DMF = 0.23. Studies extended to downshifted luminescence of Eu3+-complex provided more evidences of effective BF4− coordination, through dependence of relative intensities between 5D0 electric dipole and magnetic dipole (5D0→7F1) transitions. Infrared spectra suggest BF4− coordination to RE.
You Ain’t Heard Nothin’ Yet, James Bawden and Ron Miller (2017)
Authors: Nielsen Andrew P.
Published: July 2020

Review of: You Ain’t Heard Nothin’ Yet, James Bawden and Ron Miller (2017)

Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 432pp.,

ISBN: 9780813174211 (hbk), $36.95,

ISBN: 9780813174228 (pdf), $36.95,

ISBN: 9780813174228 (epub), $36.95
Beyond the Hills (2012)
Authors: Johnson Matthew
Published: July 2020

Review of: Beyond the Hills (2012)

Romania

Director Cristian Mungiu

Runtime 152 minutes
Memories of Underdevelopment (1968)
Authors: Amaral Evan
Published: July 2020

Review of: Memories of Underdevelopment (1968)

Cuba

Director Tomás Gutiérrez Alea

Runtime 98 minutes
ABORDAGEM SOBRE ENSAIOS CLÍNICOS PARA COVID-19 AUTORIZADOS NO BRASIL PELA AGENCIA NACIONAL DE VIGILÂNCIA SANITÁRIA ATÉ 30 DE JUNHO DE 2020
Authors: Oliveira Anselmo Gomes de , Silveira Damaris
Published: July 2020

Com o surgimento de pandemia de coronavírus, houve uma intensa dedicação e interesse da comunidade científica à procura de novos medicamentos para exames de Covid-19, devido à inexistência de vacinas e à necessidade emergencial de se evitar os óbitos crescentes em decorrência dos efeitos degenerativos não tratado, provocado pela doença no organismo humano, principalmente nos pacientes do grupo de risco.
PERFIL DE SOLICITAÇÕES AO SERVIÇO DE INFORMAÇÃO SOBRE MEDICAMENTOS (SIM) DE UM HOSPITAL MATERNO-INFANTIL DO SERIDÓ OCIDENTAL POTIGUAR, BRASIL
Authors: Gomes Maia Adryele , Mariz Batista Almária
Published: July 2020

Os Centros/Serviços de Informação sobre Medicamentos exercem função primordial, atuando na resolução de problemas concretos ligados a uso de medicamentos e fornecendo informações confi áveis e atualizadas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as solicitações de informação do Serviço de Informações sobre Medicamentos do Hospital do Seridó em Caicó-RN. Trata-se de estudo observacional realizado no período de março a outubro de 2019. As variáveis do estudo foram temática das informações requisitadas, tipo de solicitante, prioridade (urgente e normal), meio utilizado para solicitação, fontes de pesquisa consultadas para resposta e medicamentos envolvidos. Durante oito meses o Serviço recebeu 28 solicitações, das quais 53,57% eram de profissionais lotados no serviço com prevalência do técnico de enfermagem com 42,86%. O tema mais abordado foi preparo/administração de medicamentos (39,29%). O meio de comunicação mais solicitado foi pessoalmente (96,43%), as bases de dados eletrônicas foram as fontes mais utilizadas para responder às solicitações (47,83%) e a prioridade urgente representou 71,43%. A análise dos dados do período permitiu verificar o perfil das solicitações atendidas nos primeiros meses de funcionamento do Serviço. Assim, é notável que o Serviço vem alcançando seu objetivo principal de promover o uso seguro e racional de medicamentos, refletindo seu papel social à população.
Building Dialogue Among Nations Through Educational and Cultural Cooperation: The Case of Burundi and the P.R. China
Authors: Rwantabagu Hermenegilde
Published: July 2020

The aim of the present paper is to highlight the process of educational and cultural cooperative between China and African countries, particularly Burundi, the gap it came to fill and the positive outcomes it has generated. It is essentially based on a review of existing relevant documentation. African Universities were born during a period marked by rapid change as most of the countries of the continent were achieving independent nationhood. In this context, those young institutions were assigned the daunting task of contributing to national development through research activities and by producing competent manpower to help in solving the complex problems facing those societies. To this end, African states have sought to enhance the performance of their higher education systems through cooperation with China an emerging but experienced country. Hence, since the 1960s, China has been granting scholarships and other facilities to prospective African leaders and technocrats to study in different regions of the host country. Within this framework, Burundi has enjoyed cooperation assistance from the P.R. China, in economic, medical, cultural and educational matters since independence. This has helped the country to build the capacity of its education system, particularly higher education. We may conclude by saying that the offering of scholarships, the exchange of scholars, artistic performances on both sides as well as the widening Chinese language teachin programme in schools and universities through the Confucius Institute have gone a long way in promoting intercultural appreciation and understanding between the two countries. In this perspective, there is a need for highlighting the extent to which China-Burundi educational and cultural cooperation has contributed the building of mutual understanding between, the two countries.
Hakikat Asas Pacta Sunt Servanda Dalam Sengketa Yang Dilandasi Perjanjian
Authors: Yunanto Yunanto
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACTDispute resolution can be done by litigation and non litigation. Litigation settlement is conventional methods that contain tire weakness, so that the non-litigation settlement with an agreement arises. Issues: concerning the nature of law enforcement of the treaty agreement as the basis for resolving disputes through ADR; The power of the principle pacta sunt servanda in the mechanism of execution of the ADR decision. In law enforcement of agreements, it can be a violation of the making of an agreement (pre contract), and a violation of the implementation of the agreement (post contract), which leads to a settlement in litigation. Settlement through ADR must be based on the agreement of the parties and stated in the agreement. The power of the principle of pacta sunt servanda over the settlement agreement through ADR binds the parties and applies as a law. Third parties may not intervene on the substance of the contract made by the parties. Keywords: agreement, principle pacta sunt servanda, ADR. ABSTRAKPenyelesaian sengketa dapat dilakukan secara litigasi dan non litigasi. Penyelesaian secara litigasi merupakan cara-cara konvensional yang mengandung banyak kelemahan, sehingga memunculkan penyelesaian non litigasi atau di luar pengadilan (ADR) yang dilandasi dengan perjanjian. Permasalahan: menyangkut Hakikat penegakan hukum perjanjian; Perjanjian sebagai landasan penyelesaian sengketa melalui ADR; Kekuatan asas pacta sunt servanda dalam mekanisme eksekusi putusan ADR. Dalam penegakan hukum terhadap perjanjian, bisa berupa pelanggaran terhadap pembuatan perjanjian (pra contract), dan pelanggaran terhadap pelaksanaan perjanjian (post contract), yang bermuara pada penyelesaian secara litigasi. Penyelesaian melalui ADR harus didasarkan pada kesepakatan para pihak dan dan dituangkan dalam perjanjian. Kekuatan asas pacta sunt servanda atas perjanjian penyelesaian melalui ADR mengikat para pihak dan berlaku sebagai undang-undang. Pihak ketiga tidak boleh melakukan intervensi terhadap substansi kontrak yang dibuat oleh para pihak.Kata Kunci: perjanjian, asas pacta sunt servanda, sengketa.
Arti Penting Jawaban Atas Gugatan Sebagai Upaya Mempertahankan Hak - Hak Tergugat
Authors: Agus Priyono Ery , Widanarti Herni , Triasih Dharu
Published: July 2020

Jawaban atas gugatan adalah satu tahapan dalam proses pemeriksaan perkaraperdata dan dilakukan setelah gugatan dibacakan penggugat dalam persidangan. Jawabanatas gugatan penggugat merupakan upaya bagi tergugat untuk mempertahankan hak-haknya terhadap dalih dan dalil penggugat. Tidak jauh berbeda dengan membuat gugatan,bagaimana bentuk dan susunan dari jawaban gugatan dan eksepsi dalam perkara perdatatidak diatur oleh peraturan perundang-undangan, kecuali hanya disebutkan bahwa gugatanharus memenuhi syarat formal dan materil.
Tinjauan Yuridis Kedudukan Pengemudi Transportasi Online Dalam Perjanjian Kemitraan Dengan Perusahaan Penyedia Aplikasi Transportasi Online
Authors: Prananda Rahandy Rizki , Aidi Zil
Published: July 2020

Penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empiris serta metode analisis kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk menguraikan dan menganalisis problematika hukum dalam perjanjian kemitraan dalam praktek bisnis transportasi online. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hubungan hukum antara mitra pengemudi dengan perusahaan penyedia aplikasi adalah hubungan kemitraan yang tidak tunduk pada Undang-Undang No.13 tahun tentang Ketenagakerjan, namun pola hubungan kemitraan merupakan bentuk baru hubungan kerja pada revolusi industri 4.0 yang hingga saat ini belum ada pengaturan hukumnya secara khusus. Pelaksanaan perjanjian kemitraan sangat tidak seimbang bagi mitra pengemudi, karena perjanjian dirancang oleh perusahaan penyedia aplikasi dalam bentuk kontrak baku. Penulis menyarankan kepada Pemerintah untuk merevisi Undang-undang No.13 tahun 2003 tentang ketenagakerjaan untuk memberikan perlindungan hukum kepada mitra pengemudi.
Pasar Modal Syariah dalam Tinjauan Al Maqoshid Syariah
Authors: Muhyidin Muhyidin
Published: July 2020

Lembaga pasar modal secara umum, mempunyai permasalahan hukum, terutama unsur gharar (spekulatif), untuk mengatasinya maka lembaga pasar modal syariah didirikan. Artikel ini bertujuan menilai operasional pasar modal syariah, apakah secara pasti dapatmenghilangkan unsur gharar dalam praktek di lapangan, serta bagaimana mekanisme yang dilakukan untuk maksud tersebut. Artikel ini merupakan kajian yang bersifat yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan historis dan filosofis, dianalisis menggunakan teori maqashid syariah. Berdasarkan kajian yang dilakukan, disimpulkan bahwa pendirian pasar modal syariah telah menunjukkan upaya signifikan dalam menghilangkan unsur gharar dalam operasionalnya. Adanya mekanisme bahwa semua sekuritas yang memasuki aliran pasar modal syariah melalui seleksi ketat Syariah Islam JII (Jakarta Islamic Index) sekarang menjadi Indeks Saham Syariah Indonesia (ISSI) juga membantu untuk operasional dalam pasar modal syariah. Lembaga ini merupakan prasyarat, sekuritas Islam dengan bisnis utama yang tidak bertentangan dengan hukum Islam.
Keratin 17 is induced in prurigo nodularis lesions
Authors: Yang Li-Li , Huang Hai-Yan , Chen Zhen-Zhen , Chen Ran , Ye Rong , Zhang Wei , Yu Bo
Published: July 2020

Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a highly pruritic chronic inflammatory dermatosis with unknown pathogenesis. It is characterized by the existence of many hyperkeratotic, erosive papules and nodules, and the development of lesions may be associated with hyperproliferation and aberrant differentiation of keratinocytes. Keratin 17 (K17) is overexpressed selectively in human proliferative skin diseases, promoting keratinocyte proliferation not found in normal epidermis. In this study, we investigated the mRNA levels and protein levels of K17 in lesional and perilesional skin using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. We demonstrate that K17 is induced in lesional and perilesional skin in PN. The mRNA expression level of K17 was upregulated in PN lesions (P < 0.01), with multifold changes in the PN lesion (normalized to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase as the housekeeping gene) showing a median positive correlation with PRUNOSI (P < 0.05). The protein level of K17 was also markedly increased in PN lesions (P < 0.01). In conclusion, K17 is highly induced in PN lesions, which may contribute to the proliferation of keratinocytes and the pathogenesis of PN.
Exploring the effect of khat (Catha edulis) chewing on the pharmacokinetics of the antiplatelet drug clopidogrel in rats using the newly developed LC-MS/MS technique
Authors: Alhazmi Hassan A. , Kadi Adnan A. , Attwa Mohamed W. , Ahsan Waquar , Taha Manal Mohamed Elhassan , Khalid Asaad
Published: July 2020

Clopidogrel (CLOP) is widely used worldwide for cardiovascular complications. CLOP is highly metabolized in the liver to its active metabolite by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Studies have shown that khat, an addictive substance, is a powerful inhibitor of cytochrome P450 enzymes and can influence the metabolism of drugs that are concomitantly used. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of khat on the pharmacokinetics of CLOP in rats. In this study, rats were administered either CLOP alone or CLOP combined with khat and their plasma were obtained at different time intervals and analyzed using the newly developed and validated liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method using foretinib (FTB) as the internal standard. The corresponding peak area of the analyte versus FTB was used for calculating the peak ratio. The validated LC-MS/MS method resulted in the separation of the well-defined quantifiable peaks of CLOP, FTB, and CLOP metabolite within 7 min. Results showed a significant influence of khat on the peak ratio of CLOP metabolite, which was found to be significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in comparison to CLOP alone, suggesting significant decrease in the conversion of CLOP to its active metabolite due to the inhibition of CYP450 enzymes by khat. Therefore, there might be a need for dose adjustment for regular khat chewers using CLOP.
Enhancement of thermal properties of bio-based microcapsules intended for textile applications
Authors: Skurkytė-Papievienė Virginija , Abraitienė Aušra , Sankauskaitė Audronė , Rubežienė Vitalija , Dubinskaitė Kristina
Published: July 2020

The thermal properties of bio-based phase change material (PCM) microcapsules and their separate components, core and shell, were investigated considering the influence of used thermal enhancer. As a core, bio-based PCM, capric acid (CA), was used. Biodegradable material, such as polylactic acid (PLA), was used as a shell. To improve the thermal conductivity of PLA/CA microcapsules, the multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as a thermal enhancer. Composites of PCM with different concentrations of MWCNT as well as composites of PLA with these carbon compounds were prepared and investigated to assess how MWCNT influences the thermal conductivity of the core and the shell. The heat storage and release capacity, as well as the phase change temperatures of CA/MWCNT composites and manufactured PCM microcapsules, were determined using differential scanning calorimetry. To evaluate the thermal conductivity of prepared composites and to compare it with the conductivity of pure materials (without MWCNT), their thermal resistance was measured using the guarded-hotplate test method. To obtain the supplementary information and to assess the dynamic behavior of used PCM during the temperature changes, another technique, such as monitoring of a cold/hot plate with an IR camera, was used. The results of these measurements showed that introduced MWCNT increases the thermal conductivity of PCM used for the core and the conductivity of films prepared from PLA. Consequently, with reference to the results obtained, it could be stated that the introduction of MWCNT into PLA/CA microcapsules improved the thermal properties of these microcapsules. However, it was determined that too large concentration of MWCNT reduces an enthalpy of melting and crystallization of tested PCM and PCM microcapsules. Therefore, during the investigation, an optimal concentration of MWCNT additives has been determined.
Natural products isolated from Casimiroa
Authors: Tun Khun Nay Win , Aminah Nanik Siti , Kristanti Alfinda Novi , Aung Hnin Thanda , Takaya Yoshiaki
Published: July 2020

About 140 genera and more than 1,600 species belong to the Rutaceae family. They grow in temperate and tropical zones on both hemispheres, as trees, shrubs, and herbs.Casimiroais one of the genera constituting 13 species, most of which are found in tropical and subtropical regions. Many chemical constituents have been derived from this genus, including quinoline alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, andN-benzoyltyramide derivatives. This article reviews different studies carried out on aromatic compounds of genusCasimiroa; their biological activities; the different skeletons of coumarins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and others; and their characteristic NMR spectral data.
Flexibly tunable surface plasmon resonance by strong mode coupling using a random metal nanohemisphere on mirror
Authors: Okamoto Koichi , Okura Kota , Wang Pangpang , Ryuzaki Sou , Tamada Kaoru
Published: July 2020

We propose a unique random metal nanohemisphere on mirror (NHoM) structure to tune the surface plasmon (SP) resonance in a flexible manner. The SP resonance peak was split into two peaks owing to the strong coupling between the SP mode in the metal nanohemisphere and the mirror image mode generated in the metal substrate. This phenomenon is based on the fact that the strong coupling and the induced electromagnetic effects are similar to those pertaining to the Rabi splitting, Fano resonance, and electromagnetically induced transparency, thus providing quantum effect analogies. These phenomena have recently attracted increased attention and have been studied with nanocavities fabricated with top-down nanotechnologies. Compared with previous reports, NHoM structures can be fabricated in a much easier manner and are tunable in rather wider wavelength regions without nanofabrication technologies. The SP resonance peaks were enhanced, sharpened dramatically, and tuned flexibly, based on the optimization of the thickness of the spacer layer between the metal hemisphere and metal substrate. Experimental results were reproduced and were explained based on finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations. These phenomena have never been observed previously on similar nanosphere on mirror (NSoM) because nanohemispherical structures were required. The NHoM nanocavity structure has a quality factor >200 that is surprisingly high for the localized SP mode of nanoparticles. Flexible tuning of the SP resonance with the use of NHoM is envisaged to lead to the development of new applications and technologies in the field of plasmonics and nanophotonics.
ARMC5 variants in PRKAR1A-mutated patients modify cortisol levels and Cushing’s syndrome
Authors: Maria Andrea Gutierrez , Tatsi Christina , Berthon Annabel , Drougat Ludivine , Settas Nikolaos , Hannah-Shmouni Fady , Bertherat Jerome , Faucz Fabio R , Stratakis Constantine A
Published: July 2020

Mutations in the protein kinase A (PKA) regulatory subunit type 1A (PRKAR1A) and armadillo repeat-containing 5 (ARMC5) genes cause Cushing‘s syndrome (CS) due to primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) and primary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (PBMAH), respectively. Between the two genes, ARMC5 is highly polymorphic with several variants in the population, whereas PRKAR1A has very little, if any, non-pathogenic variation in its coding sequence. We tested the hypothesis that ARMC5 variants may affect the clinical presentation of PPNAD and CS among patients with PRKAR1A mutations. In this study, 91 patients with PPNAD due to PRKAR1A mutations were tested for abnormal cortisol secretion or CS and for ARMC5 sequence variants. Abnormal cortisol secretion was present in 71 of 74 patients with ARMC5 variants, whereas 11 of 17 patients negative for ARMC5 variants did not have hypercortisolemia. The presence of ARMC5 variants was a statistically strong predictor of CS among patients with PRKAR1A mutations (P < 0.001). Among patients with CS due to PPNAD, ARMC5 variants were associated with lower cortisol levels at baseline (P = 0.04) and after high dose dexamethasone administration (P = 0.02). The ARMC5 p.I170V variant increased ARMC5 protein accumulation in vitro and decreased viability of NCI-H295 cells (but not HEK 293T cells). PPNAD tissues with ARMC5 variants showed stronger ARMC5 protein expression than those that carried a normal ARMC5 sequence. Taken together, our results suggest that ARMC5 variants among patients with PPNAD due to PRKAR1A defects may play the role of a genetic modifier for the presence and severity of hypercortisolemia.
Ultrasound Detection of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Combined With Ischemic Modified Albumin in the Diagnosis of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Xiao Jiandong , Lu Yuli , Yang Xinchun
Published: July 2020

Objective: To evaluate the value of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness combined with serum ischemic modified albumin (IMA) concentration in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease.
Methods: A total of 180 patients with coronary heart disease from May 2017 to December 2018 were selected as the case group. After the examination of Judkins coronary angiography, they were grouped according to the results of angiography, including 60 patients in a single-vessel group, 60 patients in a double-vessel group, and 60 patients in a multi-vessel group. Sixty healthy people with physical examinations at our hospital at the same time were selected as the control group. All selected participants were tested for epicardial adipose tissue thickness by echocardiography and serum IMA concentration by albumin cobalt ion binding test.
Results: The EAT thickness and IMA concentration in the single-vessel disease group, double-vessel disease group, and multi-vessel disease group significantly were higher than those in the control group (P < .01). The ROC curve shows that the sensitivity is 53.33% and the specificity is 87.6%, when the EAT thickness is 6.12 mm. The sensitivity is 76.0% and the specificity is 72.3%, when the serum IMA concentration is 72 U/L. When the two were combined, the sensitivity was 40.15% and the specificity was 96.89%. In the parallel test, the sensitivity was 88.3% and the specificity was 65.44%.
Conclusion: Ultrasound detection of EAT thickness and serum IMA concentration has certain reference value for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease. Combined diagnosis can significantly improve the diagnosis rate and accuracy of coronary heart disease.
The Impact of Discharged Loop Diuretic Dose to Home Dose on Hospital Readmissions in Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Alshibani Mohannad , Alshehri Samah , Alyazidi Wejdan , Alnomani Asmaa , Almatruk Ziyad , Almeleebia Tahani
Published: July 2020

Background: Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is associated with a high rate of hospital readmission. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the discharge diuretic dose compared with the home diuretic dose on hospital readmission in patients with ADHF.
Methods: A single center retrospective cohort study included patients with a confirmed diagnosis of ADHF with an ejection fraction of less than 40%. The sample was divided in two groups. The first group received a total daily discharge diuretic dose that was greater than the home dose; the second group received a daily discharge diuretic that was equal to or less than the home dose. The primary outcome was all-cause 30-day readmission rate. The secondary outcomes were all-cause 60-day and 90-day readmission rates.
Results: A total of 206 patients met inclusion criteria; 117 patients received a higher loop diuretic dose at discharge, while 89 were discharged with a loop diuretic that was equal to or less than the home dose. Patients in the increased-dose group had an all-cause 30-day readmission rate of 20.5% compared with 37.1% of patients with equal or reduced-dose group; P = .007. Additionally, there were lower readmission rates in 60 and 90 days between the increased and equal or reduced groups (33.3% versus 52.8%, P < .017, and 41.0% versus 62.9%, P < .003, respectively.
Conclusions: Among patients admitted to hospital with ADHF and reduced ejection fraction, a discharge loop diuretic dose higher than the home dose was associated with decreased all-cause 30-day, 60-day, and 90-day readmission rates.
Transcriptome Analyses of Candida albicans Biofilms, Exposed to Arachidonic Acid and Fluconazole, Indicates Potential Drug Targets
Authors: Kuloyo Oluwasegun , Fourie Ruan , Cason Errol , Albertyn Jacobus , Pohl Carolina H
Published: July 2020

Candida albicans is an opportunistic yeast pathogen within the human microbiota with significant medical importance because of its pathogenic potential. The yeast produces highly resistant biofilms, which are crucial for maintaining infections. Though antifungals are available, their effectiveness is dwindling due to resistance. Alternate options that comprise the combination of existing azoles and polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid (AA), have been shown to increase azoles susceptibility of C. albicans biofilms; however, the mechanisms are still unknown. Therefore, transcriptome analysis was conducted on biofilms exposed to sub-inhibitory concentrations of AA alone, fluconazole alone, and AA combined with fluconazole to understand the possible mechanism involved with the phenomenon. Protein ANalysis THrough Evolutionary Relationships (PANTHER) analysis from the differentially expressed genes revealed that the combination of AA and fluconazole influences biological processes associated with essential processes including methionine synthesis and those involved in ATP generation, such as AMP biosynthesis, fumarate metabolism and fatty acid oxidation. These observations suggests that the interference of AA with these processes may be a possible mechanisms to induce increased antifungal susceptibility.
Autoestima, Musicoterapia y Violencia de Género. Un encuentro grupal desde el abordaje plurimodal
Authors: Guerrero Empar
Published: July 2020

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de la intervención musicoterapéutica, llevada a cabo con 24 mujeres, víctimas de violencia de género.Objetivos: Demostrar que la musicoterapia contribuye a: a) aumentar la autoestima de estas mujeres; b) mejorar las relaciones interpersonales; c) fomentar la iniciativa.Método: Para las sesiones se utilizó el método de Abordaje Plurimodal de Musicoterapia. Para valorar los resultados, se aplicó antes y después, la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg y los IAPS de Bruscia (Los perfiles de evaluación de improvisaciones), para valorar la iniciativa y las relaciones interpersonales. Resultados: Se observó un aumento de la autoestima en todas las mujeres, siendo más elevado en aquellas que llevaban menos tiempo, separadas de su maltratador. Asimismo, a través de los IAPS, se observó que mejoraron las relaciones interpersonales y que aumentó más la iniciativa, en las mujeres, que llevaban más tiempo separadas de su maltratador.
La influencia de la musicoterapia en la mejora de niveles de atención y percepción de alumnado escolarizado entre 6 y 8 años con diagnóstico de TDAH
Authors: Briseño Dávalos Andrés Julián
Published: July 2020

El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad es considerado el trastorno del neurodesarrollo con más predominancia en el mundo, afectando el rendimiento académico de escolares, su desarrollo socioemocional y autoestima. El tratamiento incluye el uso de fármacos estimulantes cuyos efectos secundarios aún no se encuentran claramente definidos. Es aquí donde la musicoterapia como terapia complementaria adquiere importancia, al mostrar beneficios en las distintas dimensiones de la persona. El objetivo de este trabajo es tener un panorama general del TDAH y de acuerdo con esto generar una propuesta de intervención. Para ello se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos utilizando los documentos más recientes. De esto se ha podido observar la necesidad de mayores estudios experimentales a través de la musicoterapia para establecer un protocolo de actuación en esta población.
MOULT RECORDS FOR TROPICAL BIRD SPECIES TRAPPED IN ANGOLA
Authors: Rufino Rui
Published: July 2020

Between 21and 27 July 2015, a total of 43 birds of 15 species were caught with mist nets at Kissikina, Malange, Angola. Thirty-two of those, of 11 different species, were moulting primaries and their moult was recorded. In this note we present the data collected hoping to add some information on the moult patterns of these species in this part of the world.
Systematic atlasing in Hessequa – Report on the first cycle of seasonal monitoring
Authors: Underhill Les , Van Rooyen Johan
Published: July 2020

Bird atlasing in the Hessequa region of the Western Cape has progressed beyond mapping to monitoring. During a three-year period within 2014/17, the U3A Stilbaai Bird Group upgraded the distribution maps using a strategy which aimed to even out coverage per grid cell, and achieve minimum mapping standards. In the two-year period December 2017 to November 2019, the group implemented a new strategy that would result in each of the 75 pentads in the Hessequa Atlas Area being atlased in each of the four seasons over a two-year period. Using a chessboard pattern to split the 75 pentads into two sets, the first set was atlased in summer and winter in the first year and autumn and spring of the second year. The second set was atlased in autumn and spring of the first year, and summer and winter of the second year. This paper reports the successful completion of the first monitoring cycle.
Static and dynamic analysis of the interface between the transport structure and the approached embankment
Authors: Tserekh Stanislav , Ovchinnikov Igor
Published: July 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of static and dynamic calculation of the interface of an approach embankment to artificial structures, such as a railway bridge and culverts? the main indicator of the stable operation of an approach embankment to an artificial structure is the stiffness of the base. Calculations are performed in the Midas software package, taking into account the interface of the transition sections from the unfixed roadbed to its fortified part with bored piles and the bridge abutment. A static loading scheme with a C14 time load and a dynamic loading scheme for an approach embankment with a time load from a high-speed train (South Korean KTX20 cars standard norms – 17,335 tons per wheel, 34,67 tons per axle) are considered, and the results are analyzed and compared. The analysis of calculation results is made. The boundary conditions are taken as "Springs on the base surface" – "Ground Surface spring". This function allows you to automatically create elastic or viscous boundary elements that are necessary for performing dynamic calculations. When selecting a grid, boundary conditions are automatically created on the left/right border of the selected grid, and an elastic constant is automatically calculated based on the material properties assigned to the elements. Based on the research, recommendations were made for the development of a detailed model, taking into account the dynamic impact of rolling stock on an artificial structure.
CRYPTOGRAPHY
Authors: Ghosh Biswanath , Aich Rohit , Khag Arka , Nayak Sattam , Kumar Prashant
Published: July 2020

The word cryptography was coined from two Greek words ‘Krypto’, meaning hidden and ‘graphein’ meaning writing. Thus, cryptography means hidden writing. Cryptography is the method of protecting important data and information from third parties called adversaries
or the public. It is also known as encryption. Modern cryptography is basically based on Mathematics and Computer science. The roots of cryptography are found in Roman and Egyptian civilizations. Hieroglyph is the oldest cryptographic technique. Based on security needs and threats, various
cryptographic methods such as symmetric key cryptography, public key, private key, microdots, etc are adopted [1]. It is a two step process; encryption and decryption. The encryption process uses a cipher (code) in order to encrypt plaintext and convert it into ciphertext. Decryption is the
opposite of encryption that is to decode the encrypted message or information. Cryptography was used extensively in the American Revolutionary War, the First World War and the Second World War. For example if the code was ‘CVVCEM’ then it would mean ‘ATTACK’. The initials
of each letter is shifted by two places. This paper is basically a survey paper and we have studied the importance, features, advantages, and disadvantages and authenticated on the topic cryptography. Note: This paper is a REVIEW PAPER.
UNDERSTANDING AND IMPROVISATION OF HUMAN PERCEPTION USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Suman Shekhar , Roy Sauryadeep , Prakash Satya , Kumar Singh Roushan , Kumar Saket
Published: July 2020

The paper deals with the topic of improvising human perception using Artificial Intelligence to make human beings more efficient and productive. Understanding human perception takes a lot of non-verbal cues such as facial expressions, gesture, body language and tone of voice. Recent
research has been made through facial coding and neurofeedback training. To analyse the probable response of a human being at certain expression of emotion, collection of data based on facial expression, vocal utterances, brainwave frequency under challenging condition ssuch as anger, contempt,
disgust, fear, sadness and surprise is required. If we can formulate a nalgorithm based on the data collected, then not only it would be possible to calculate certain human action, it can also be possible to change or reduce the chances of success of a certain action. Modern advancements has
introduced faster problem solving capability but it has some restrictions, which can be coped by the utilisation of human brain which has far better capabilities.The main concern of this paper is why to use AI and how it will revolutionize the mankind.
GEOMETRY OF THE TETRAHEDRON AND COMPUTATION OF THE FACE ANGLES OF A TETRAHEDRON WITH THE HELP OF CLANGUAGE
Authors: Banerjee Abhishek , Pal Ritwik , Das Santanu
Published: July 2020

In this paper we have tried to study the geometry of tetrahedron as a member of polyhedron family and hence calculate the face angles on each face of a tetrahedron with help of “C” Programming. We will also be looking into the applications of tetrahedron structure in chemistry
in the structure of various molecules, in aviation it is used as a Wind Sock which serves as a reference to pilots indicating the direction of the wind as well as Geology where the “Tetrahedral Hypothesis” was used to explain the formation of earth.
FURTHER ON KULKARNI’S AND RELATED UNIFIED METHODS FOR SOLVING GENERALPOLYNOMIAL EQUATIONS OF DEGREE LESS THAN FIVE
Authors: Okoli O.C. , Ababu T. Tiruneh , Eze A. C.
Published: July 2020

For n ∈ a positive integer, let fn(x)=<mml:mstyle
displaystyle="false">∑j=0n an-j xn-j;
an ≠ 0; n < 5 be a general polynomial equation of degree less than five in one variable. Before now, we are unaware of any known unified method for solving fn(x) = 0 (n < 5) in radical until Kulkarni did so in 2006. However, it is
quite ironical and contradicting to observe (one among many other issues) that the method introduced by Kulkarni fails if n = 1 (since n = 1 satisfies n < 5) which is the case of general polynomial equation of degree one. It is the purpose of this paper to address this
issue and many more with an approach that is quite simple and novel.
Pedagogical Content Knowledge of nursing freshman professors in medium-level technical education
Authors: Souza Daniela Maysa de , Backes Vânia Marli Schubert , Lazzari Daniele Delacanal , Santos Lauriana Medeiros Costa , Martini Jussara Gue
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the practice and construction processes of Pedagogical Content Knowledge of freshman professors, in secondary education in nursing. Methods: a collective case study with a qualitative approach. Data collection with biographical interview, non-participant observation of sessions and group interview. With the results interpreted in the light of Shulman's theoretical framework, content analysis enabled the creation of the category Manifestation of Pedagogical Content Knowledge. Results: predominance of traditional teaching practices, with an attempt at more flexible postures, with pedagogical knowledge and encouragement for student reflection. Final Considerations: the transition from the traditional model to a dialogical teaching (with the student's role) highlights the process of expanding Pedagogical Content Knowledge of, such as learning in and about the practice itself, seeking to strengthen teaching knowledge. A manifestation of reflective thinking was evidenced, with a perception of teaching professionalization.