bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PREVENTING AND COMBATING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE UNDER MARITAL LAW: CHALLENGES AND PROBLEM SOLUTIONS
Authors: PISOTSKA Karina , KRUSHENYTSKYI Ihor
Published: October 2024

The full-scale invasion of the troops of the aggressor country on the territory of Ukraine does not stop the commission of crimes that were widespread in our country in peacetime. Yes, one of these offenses is domestic violence, which is such a phenomenon that during the period of martial law can only worsen and at the same time remain invisible. The article analyzes the specifics and actual aspects of preventing and countering the perpetration of domestic violence in the conditions of the legal regime of martial law. We carried out a study of legal acts that regulate the norms of combating domestic violence, as well as an analysis of the current changes in the national legislation of Ukraine, which came into force after the introduction of the legal regime of martial law. In addition, this article drew attention to possible ways of improving the currently available means and methods of preventing and countering domestic violence, as well as drawing attention to the entities authorized to carry out such activities. In particular, the article determined that domestic violence in Ukraine during the legal regime of martial law has not lost its significance and the problem has become widespread in society, in today’s conditions. Regarding the ways and means of preventing and preventing the commission of domestic violence in the conditions of martial law, it is determined that it is appropriate to hold regular preventive discussions with families who survived and left the temporarily occupied territories: families who lost close relatives; families in which close relatives are in the military, etc. That is, during martial law, it is quite important that general and specialized support services for victims take appropriate preventive measures to prevent domestic violence.
PROBLEM ISSUES OF INTERACTION OF OPERATIONAL UNITS WITH INVESTIGATORS, WHEN DETAINING A PERSON ON SUSPICION OF A CRIME
Authors: BOIKO Oleksii
Published: October 2024

The criminal procedural legislation on the interaction of operative units with investigators when detaining a person on suspicion of a crime was analyzed. Attention was paid to the powers of operational units employees when receiving statements and reports about criminal offenses and responding to them regarding the detention of persons suspected of a crime.Selected the next stages of detention during the interaction of operational units with investigators regarding the detention of a person on suspicion of a crime: actual detention of a person; delivery of the detained person to the pre-trial investigation body; temporary detention of a person in custody. The author comes to the conclusion that in order to avoid the problematic issue of the interaction of operational units with investigators when detaining a person on suspicion of committing a crime, it is necessary to clearly distribute and observe powers between operational units and investigators; strict compliance with the requirements of the criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine and its improvement.
FEATURES OF PREPARATION FOR CONDUCTING INVESTIGATIVE (SEARCH) ACTIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF EPIDEMIC, PANDEMIC
Authors: SUKHOMLYN Yuliya
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of preparation for conducting investigative (search) actions in an epidemic, pandemic. It is noted that the conduct of investigative (investigative) actions in the context of an epidemic, a pandemic determines the search for ways of both organization and tactics of activity that would satisfy the needs for the implementation of the tasks of criminal proceedings and would ensure the rights of its participants in particular to ensure security. Implementation of the specified by the author is seen in modernization and computerization, application of achievements of scientific and technological progress and more effective use of existing technical and forensic means and other measures, including organizational and tactical nature, etc. It is noted that the achievement of the goals of criminal proceedings is possible in the case of careful preparation for conducting investigative (investigative) actions in an epidemic, pandemic, where no measure or means of ensuring the safety of participants should be given an exclusive role. Only an integrated and systematic approach to the assessment and application of the relevant totality with the avoidance of the possibility of exaggerating the value of each individual tool and measure can increase the security of the authorized person, the participants in the investigation and third parties.
THE CONCEPT OF FORENSIC CHARACTERISTICS AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR THE METHODOLOGY OF INVESTIGATION OF CRIMINAL OFFENSES AGAINST PROPERTY
Authors: VOLIKOV Taras
Published: October 2024

In the article, based on the analysis of the opinions of scientists, the concept of forensic characteristics is defined, which meets the modern requirements of the practice of investigating criminal offenses. Forensic characteristics should be understood as a set of interdependent information on forensically significant signs of criminal offenses of a certain group (type), which contribute to the investigation through the activity of building and checking versions by conducting planned investigative (search) actions and other measures. As a theoretical model, forensic characterization consists of the following elements: the subject of a criminal offense; the method of committing a crime, which has three components: preparation, direct commission and concealment of criminal acts; a complex of characteristic traces remaining at the scene; characteristics of the offender and the victim. Depending on the type of criminal offense, certain elements may be missing. All elements of forensic characterization are interdependent and interconnected. The interrelationship of the elements of the considered scientific category is considered as a source of information on certain types of crimes, performs an informational function and constitutes a single information system, the use of which is possible by obtaining and analyzing individual elements and establishing connections between them. Attention is paid to the theoretical and practical value of forensic characteristics. For law enforcement officers who directly conduct the investigation, the most important thing is the practical use of forensic characteristics, especially at the initial stage of the investigation, when the investigator feels a lack of information about the event of the crime and the persons who committed it. Based on the analysis of the elements of forensic characteristics, the investigator puts forward versions, checking which determines the most promising direction of the investigation, organizes a targeted search for the criminal, missing property, and solves other separate tasks of the investigation. Attention is focused on the main directions of using forensic characteristics in the investigation of criminal offenses against property, namely for: identifying signs of a crime; proposing versions regarding: the criminal nature of the committed act, the identity of the suspect, the commission of a crime by a group of persons; detection of the place of concealment and realization of stolen objects of encroachment; determination of the range of possible sources of information about the crime; improvement of detection, fixation and removal of material traces of a crime during initial investigative (search) actions.
FEATURES OF PREPARATION FOR THE INSPECTION OF THE LAND OF STATE OR COMMUNAL PROPERTY ON THE FACT OF ILLEGAL ACQUISITION OF THE RIGHT TO IT
Authors: DISHLYOVA Alina
Published: October 2024

The article considers organizational and preparatory measures for the inspection of a land plot of state or communal property to which illegally acquired rights. Based on the analysis of the practice of investigating the specified category of criminal offenses, conclusions were drawn that were made by investigators, interrogators and prosecutors during the inspection of the land plot, violations and shortcomings, in most cases, become the basis for an acquittal. The article provides a list of measures that are inherent in such components of the preparation of the inspection, carried out before departure and upon arrival at the place of its conduct. It is noted that in the case of proper organizational activities, the determination of the necessary measures and means for effective review will be carried out before arrival. The needs to adjust the planned actions that have appeared/have arisen immediately upon arrival at the place of inspection should, if possible, be implemented before it is carried out.
THE SUBJECT OF CRIMINAL ENCROACHMENT AS AN ELEMENT OF THE FORENSIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ILLEGAL FISHING
Authors: HARASHCHUK Diana
Published: October 2024

The scientific article is devoted to the investigation of the subject of criminal encroachment of the illegal fishing, as a constituent element of the forensic characteristics. The concept of the subject of criminal encroachment and its features for the specified criminal offense were studied, in particular, the conditions under which aquatic biological resources are not the subject of criminal encroachment were specified. Attention was drawn to the fact that the main normative acts, which contain a list of types of aquatic bioresources, extraction of which, contrary to the established procedure, is an illegal act, in particular: Recreational and sport fishing rules approved by order of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine of 19 September 2022 № 700 and in The Law of Ukraine «On the Red Book of Ukraine» of 07 February 2002, which defines the list of fish, the catch of which is categorically prohibited. In accordance with the order of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources of Ukraine of 19 January 2021 № 29, the specified list contains 77 species of fish. Based on the analysis of the study of court cases for the years 2013-2022 based on the facts of illegal fishing, a list of fish species that are the subject of criminal encroachment is given, namely: crucian carp – 67%, common roach – 55 %, common perch – 39 %, zander – 36 %, сommon bream – 34 %, white bream – 24 %, northern pike – 22 %, common carp – 20 % and others. The author notes that the subject of criminal encroachmen, as an element of the forensic characteristics of the investigated illegal act, is related to its conditions and method. We are able to follow this relationship thanks to the study of a mandatory feature - substantial damage, the meaning and concept of which is not defined at the legislative level, which creates certain difficulties for the prosecution. Only the Plenum of the Supreme Court of Ukraine № 17 of 10 December 2004 «On judicial practice in cases of crimes and other offenses against the environment» reveals to us the criteria for significant damage: destruction of fish spawning grounds; catching fish during the spawning period, few of its species or those that are difficult to reproduce; catching a large amount of fish, or fish whose catch is prohibited, etc.
DIRECTIONS OF IMPROVING THE LEGAL REGULATION OF NATIONAL SECURITY IN UKRAINE UNDER MARTIAL LAW
Authors: PRYMAKOV Kamil
Published: October 2024

The article examines the legal regulation of national security in Ukraine. The author analyzed the concept of national security and its components. The article examines the system of normative legal acts in the field of ensuring national security, identifies the main shortcomings of legislation in this field. It was found that the legislation in the field of ensuring national security in Ukraine does not meet modern challenges and threats related to national security. It is argued that normative legal acts in the field of national security are not properly coordinated among themselves and contain a number of shortcomings, which negatively affects the level of ensuring national security. Based on the results of the research, conclusions were formulated and suggestions were made regarding the improvement of the legal regulation of national security in the conditions of martial law. It is suggested that in order to achieve a state of improvement and increase the effectiveness of the legal provision of national security in Ukraine, it is necessary to develop a systematized, logically connected and interconnected regulatory framework in this area, to agree on terminological concepts among themselves, and the powers of subjects of national security provision. This will help solve the difficult challenges facing the national security system and create a legal basis for its effective development. It is substantiated that the main goal of legal regulation of national security is the creation of a coherent and comprehensive state policy in the field of national security, which should be calculated both for today and for the future. Legislation in the field of national security must reflect modern challenges and threats and contain clear measures to counteract them, as well as contain effective mechanisms for the implementation of legislative prescriptions that apply not only to the subjects of the security and defense system, but also to all subjects of public relations, who may be involved in tasks related to ensuring national security.
THE ROLE OF CONSTITUTIONAL NORMS IN THE FORMATION OF SOCIAL STANDARDS: ASPECTS OF AMERICAN, EUROPEAN AND UKRAINIAN LAW
Authors: NALYVAIKO Ihor
Published: October 2024

This scientific article examines the role of constitutional norms in the formation of social standards in the United States, the countries of the European Union, and Ukraine. The article considers theoretical and legal aspects, the definition and review of constitutional provisions, and their comparison with international standards. Attention is drawn to the interaction of international and national law, the implementation of international norms in the constitutional provisions of countries, and possible prospects for developing social norms based on constitutional principles. The article carefully analyses the role of international treaties in forming social standards and their implementation in the constitutional framework, considering the impact of this process on the legal environment. Prospects for developing social norms built on constitutional principles are determined through the expansion of social rights, adaptation to modern challenges, and harmonizing with international standards. The article’s conclusions indicate the importance of constitutional norms in ensuring social standards and indicate potential directions for further development, such as the expansion of social rights, adaptation to modern challenges, and interaction with international standards to create a fairer and more inclusive society. Opportunities for greater protection of citizens’ rights and the need to consider modern challenges to develop an equitable and inclusive society based on constitutional principles are noted.
SOME LEGAL ASPECTS RELATED TO FIREARMS IN THE NATIONAL POLICE OF UKRAINE
Authors: PLAKHOTNYI Artem
Published: October 2024

The article focuses on legal aspects related to firearms in the National Police of Ukraine. The article analyzes the current legal acts that define the difference between the term’s "use" and "active use" of firearms, describes the key scientific views on this issue. The author established the main differences between the concepts of "use" and "active use" of firearms. The article is aimed at analyzing legal aspects regarding the distinction between the term’s "use" and "active use" of firearms by police officers of the National Police of Ukraine. The author conducts an analysis of the legal framework regarding the use of weapons by the police, including international human rights standards, national laws and regulations. The article examines the various situations in which police officers may use firearms, such as self-defense, the protection of others, and the prevention of serious crimes. The authors emphasize the importance of clearly distinguishing between the term’s "use" and "active use" of a firearm, as there is a significant difference between the two. In addition, the article examines the possible legal consequences of the "active use" of weapons, including the requirement for police officers to justify their actions and the possibility of criminal liability if the use of force was excessive or unlawful.
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF TECHNICAL DEVICES AND PHOTO AND VIDEO RECORDING EQUIPMENT BY DISTRICT POLICE OFFICERS WHEN RESPONDING TO STATEMENTS AND REPORTS
Authors: KOROL Kateryna
Published: October 2024

The article examines the use of portable video recorders by precinct police officers when responding to situations related to domestic violence. Domestic violence is a very common problem that needs to be addressed by the National Police of Ukraine. The main tasks of the police in the field of combating domestic violence are: timely response and combating this type of offense, bringing offenders to legal responsibility, in accordance with current legislation. In our opinion, one of the unsolved problems that is not sufficiently studied in the legislation is the use of video recorders by precinct police officers when responding to various types of offenses, such as domestic violence. The use of portable video recorders (portable video recording cameras) by precinct police officers is a practice that is becoming more common in many countries. These devices can have a significant impact on ensuring security, increasing accountability and transparency of police actions. A study of judicial practice indicates a tendency that courts of various levels increasingly note the lack of sufficient evidence from precinct police officers, which would possibly confirm the legality of their decisions to issue an urgent restraining order. In fact, only the prohibition order itself, which briefly outlines the essence of the case, and the statement of the victim, as well as other materials regarding the administrative offense, is not enough for the courts. Also, the study of judicial practice indicates that there are frequent cases of appeals against the decisions of district police officers regarding the issuance of urgent orders, which indicates the need to improve the mechanism of implementing special measures in the field of combating domestic violence.
Doelmatige en Liefdevolle Geestelijke Gezondheidszorg: Het Beste van Twee Werelden
Authors:   GGZ Research, Engelbregt Hessel ,   Ludwig Maximillians Universität, München, Irrmischer Mona
Published: October 2024

In de geestelijke gezondheidszorg (GGZ) wordt steeds meer de nadruk gelegd op wetenschappelijk onderbouwde en medisch georiënteerde methoden. Deze evidence-based benadering zorgt ervoor dat cliënten de best mogelijke behandeling krijgen, gebaseerd op de nieuwste inzichten en onderzoek. Echter, in de zoektocht naar effectiviteit, dreigt soms een essentieel aspect van zorg op de achtergrond te raken: de menselijke verbinding en liefdevolle zorg. Het combineren van deze twee pijlers—doelmatigheid en liefdevolle zorg—is noodzakelijk, zo beargumenteren Mona Irrmischer en Hessel Engelbregt. Zij pleiten voor een benadering waarin hoogwaardige, medisch georiënteerde én innovatieve therapieën hand in hand gaan met de cliëntgerichte benadering van onder meer Carl Rogers, die draait om empathie, authenticiteit en onvoorwaardelijke acceptatie. Door deze combinatie kan een holistisch zorgmodel ontstaan dat niet alleen focust op de symptomen, maar ook de mens achter de symptomen ziet. De inspanning van het wetenschappelijk team van GGZ richt zich dan ook op het onderzoeken van effectiviteit van therapie en de toepasbaarheid van innovatieve technieken binnen psychotherapeutische trajecten.
ОЦІНКА ФАКТОРІВ ВПЛИВУ ЗОВНІШНЬОГО БОРГУ НА МАКРОЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ РОЗВИТОК КРАЇНИ
Authors: РАЗІНЬКОВА Міла
Published: October 2024

The article evaluates the factors influencing the external debt on the macroeconomic development of the country. Management of the external debt of the state involves a certain process of creation and implementation of a number of specific mechanisms of influence on such debt. It was established that the size of the external state debt depends on many factors, including the main economic indicators. It was determined that the external debt is not a static indicator of changes and can change its size under the influence of many factors: changes in taxation, changes in regulatory policy, changes in the foreign economic situation (for example, changes in the volume of external demand for export goods), changes in the economic situation, etc. When identifying cause-and-effect relationships between macroeconomic indicators, we will consider the ratio of the debt of the general public administration sector to GDP as a key indicator characterizing external public debt. The following indicators were used to find relationships: debt service to the total amount of state budget expenditures; consumer price index; index of the real effective exchange rate of the hryvnia to the US dollar; volume of direct foreign investment; volume of imports; index of political stability. Based on the results of modeling, we obtained the values of the investigated indicators, including their forecasts for the next 5 periods, as well as the range of deviations of the forecasted values. A cause-and-effect relationship between the ratio of the debt of the general public administration sector to the GDP of Ukraine and the selected group of macroeconomic indicators was revealed. Practical verification of the built model in the conditions of hostilities is impossible, which is caused by the catastrophic drop in GDP and the rapid increase in foreign aid of Ukraine's allies.
КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНИЙ ОПИС ТА ДЕФІНІЦІЇ ЯК ОСНОВА МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ СТРУКТУРИ КОНЦЕПТОСФЕРИ «REHABILITATION» В АНГЛОМОВНІЙ КАРТИНІ СВІТУ
Authors: БЕБИХ Валентина , РАК Олександр
Published: October 2024

The focus of the research is the modeling of the concept sphere "rehabilitation" in the English-speaking world picture and the identification, definition and understanding of the structure of the concept and the inherent systemic connections of this concept sphere. This article examines the problem of defining the term "rehabilitation", which is understood as a field of knowledge consisting of concepts as its units, and the problem of system organization. Based on the analysis of scientific papers, the contextual corpus of the language is not homogeneous both in terms of its systematic organization and from the perspective of the laws of connectivity and ways of combining concepts with each other, therefore, within the framework of this article, the problem of their systematic organization is considered.
The relevance of the study is due to the deepening of the study of the communicative and functional aspect of the language and the lack of analysis of the concept of "rehabilitation" in the English language system.
The aim of the work is to develop a comprehensive analysis of the content and features of the organization of the "rehabilitation" concept sphere by identifying linguistic means that verbalize the analyzed concept sphere in the English-language medical discourse.
The following general scientific and linguistic methods are used at various stages of concept research:  continuous sampling method - selection of researched nominations, definitional and component analysis; etymological analysis; contextual analysis; structural-semantic analysis.
The article presents a description of the concept sphere "rehabilitation" based on lexicographic sources, as well as reveals and describes the features of the components of its subconcepts and mini-concepts through lexical and phraseological means of linguistic objectification, presents a model of the structure of the concept sphere.
Class V Students' Environmental Concern Attitude Through Clean and Healthy Friday Activities
Authors: Evia Raihanatun Nabilah  , M. Syafruddin Kuryanto  , Ika Ari Pratiwi
Published: October 2024

This research is motivated by the many cases of environmental pollution and careless waste disposal which can trigger environmental damage. Even though the function of the environment is very important in supporting human life. So, a caring attitude towards the environment must be implemented from an early age. This research aims to describe the environmental care attitudes of students at SD Negeri 1 Bantrung through clean and healthy Friday activities. This type of research uses qualitative research with a case study approach. The case study approach aims to comprehensively reveal the values​​of caring character in clean and healthy Friday activities. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation obtained by researchers during research implementation. This research was carried out at SD Negeri 1 Bantrung. Based on the results of research, students' environmental care attitudes towards the environment are quite good, students can love the surrounding environment with 5 indicators of environmental care attitudes, 4 of which are appropriate, namely saving electricity and water by using enough, the availability of rubbish bins and hand washing facilities available in the area. . in each class, maintain the cleanliness of the school environment by participating in maintaining the cleanliness of the environment, providing bathrooms and sufficient clean water for all school residents. A caring attitude towards the environment is instilled at the educational level through the routine implementation of clean and healthy Friday activities. Clean and healthy Friday activities have a positive impact on caring attitudes towards the environment.
Improving multiplication counting skills of class IV students using PBL model and Jarimatica technique
Authors: Amelia Citra  , Sisriawan Laapasere  , Asriani  , Pahriadi  , Surahman
Published: October 2024

This research is quantitative in nature using a non-equivalent control group design. The sample consisted of class IVA as the controlling classes and the IVB as the experiment classes. The instrument used is an essay test that has been validated both validity and reliability. The analysis data was carried out with prerequisite test including tests for normality and homogeneity, as well as testing of hypotheses using the paired sample t-test, with help the IBM SPSS Statistics 25. The results show that a significance the value (2-tailed) of 0.000 less than the alpha value of 0.05. Since 0.000 less than 0.05, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accept and the null hypothesis (Ho) is reject. Therefore, conclusion is that the problem-based learning model and the finger math technique significantly improve the counting multiplication skills of SD Inpres 7 Labuan Baru fourth graders.
Keywords: Problem Based Learning Model; Jarimatica Technique; Multiplication Counting Ability
Problem Identification of Dyspraxia Students in Primary School
Authors: Yustri mindaryani Yustri , Choiriyah Widyasari  , Minsih
Published: October 2024

This research aims to describe the problem identification of dyspraxic students in primary schools. In identifying the problems of students with dyspraxia in elementary school, it provides knowledge related to learning obstacles in elementary school. The type of research conducted is a qualitative case study at SDIT Muhammadiyah Al Kautsar. The data sources in this study are classes that have children with special needs, class teachers and Counselling Guidance (BK) teachers. Data collection in this study was through observations and interviews with class teachers and Counselling Guidance teachers at SDIT Muhammadiyah Al Kautsar. The results of this study indicate that SDIT Muhammadiyah Al Kautsar has carried out activities to identify the problems of students with dyspraxia and provide solutions to students with dyspraxia. In addition, the results of this study are that SDIT Muhammadiyah Al Kautsar has identified students by adjusting the curriculum, mapping of children with dyspraxia, and providing evaluations or solutions in learning obstacles for students with dyspraxia. In problem identification activities, students with dyspraxia need special handling from class teachers and Counselling Guidance teachers with the aim that students are able to learn well to achieve differentiated learning objectives. In addition, in this identification it is necessary to specifically handle and provide good training starting from writing for children with dyspraxia, special assistance strategy activities, activities up and down stairs, fine motor assistance, and making appropriate LKPD.
The Problem Of Multicultural Attitudes in Fourth Grade Students
Authors: Farsya Shabirah  , Ahmad Mubarak
Published: October 2024

Multiculturalism is a response to the growing primary school population and demands for equal rights for all primary schools. Through this education, students are taught to avoid discrimination, understand tolerance, respect other people's views, build empathy, and create a culture of mutual respect. This research is motivated by awareness of the importance of multicultural attitudes that occur in elementary school students. The aim of this research is to find out what problems arise in the interactions of students who interact in a multicultural atmosphere at school. To explore the issue of multicultural attitudes in elementary schools, this research uses a case study method. Data was obtained through observation, interviews and documentation which was analyzed using tabulation and comparison techniques to obtain conclusions from the data. The subjects of this research were fourth grade teachers and 5 students. The results of the research concluded that the problem of multicultural attitudes still often occurs in elementary schools, especially in interactions between students. These problems include making jokes that offend beliefs/religions, offensive jokes can hurt the feelings of students whose religion is used as material for encouragement. This can cause low self-esteem, anxiety, and discomfort in the school environment. Another problem found was mocking parents' professions, which has the potential to make students feel embarrassed, low self-esteem, and have problems socializing because their parents' professions are used as material for socializing. The problem of dominant multicultural attitudes occurs when students interact outside of study hours.
Hybrid Modeling of Rotor Systems Dynamics
Authors: Dosko Sergey I. , Shirshov Andrey G.
Published: October 2024

The paper presents a hybrid method for modeling the dynamics of the rotor system using the example of the spindle unit of a surface grinding machine. The method combines analytical and numerical calculation methods, combines theoretical modeling and results of experimental studies of this spindle unit. It is shown that the joint use of different calculation methods simplifies the modeling process and allows to obtain more complete information about the physics of the object functioning. In the considered example, analytical methods allow to see the relations between physical parameters of the model, and numerical methods allow to estimate the final dynamic characteristics of the rotor system. Since the damping parameters are determined with low accuracy, the rotor system is first modeled without damping and then the values of the modal damping coefficient from the experimental results are used. This approach allows to increase the accuracy of the rotor dynamics modeling.
Effect of Groove Depth on Herringbone Thrust Bearing Dynamic Coefficients
Authors: Elsayed Elsayed K. , Sayed Hussein , El-Sayed T.A.
Published: October 2024

Herringbone thrust bearings (HTB) are widely used for their high load capacity, low friction, and good stability, making them ideal for various applications like turbomachinery applications and automotive engines. In this research, the effect of changing the groove depth, which affects the thickness of the fluid film, was studied on the dynamic coefficients of the HTB up to the second order. This investigation is really important in studying the dynamic behavior of the rotor-bearing system. The Reynolds equation was solved to obtain the performance parameters for the HTB. Then, the infinitesimal perturbation method was used to obtain the perturbed Reynolds equations up to the second order. The Finite Difference Method (FDM) was used with the Successive-Over Relaxation (SOR) technique to obtain the stiffness and damping coefficients of the HBT. The variation of the first the second order bearing coefficient with the change in groove depth was studied. The results showed that with increasing groove depth, there is a decrease in the dynamic coefficients of the herringbone thrust bearings. These results can be further used in studying the dynamics of rotor-bearing system for machines operating at high speeds.
A Comparative Investigation into the Machining Characteristics of Low Carbon Steel Using Surfaced and Standard Cutting Tools
Authors: Balasubramanian K. , Alexis S. John , Rajagopal Sivakumar
Published: October 2024

This work aimed to improve machining efficiency by adding texture to the rake face of a tungsten carbide cutting tool. To create this texture, the tool’s rake face was painstakingly carved with micro grooves. Assessing and contrasting how textured cutting tools affect machining performance was the main goal. The von-Mises stress distribution was analyzed by simulating the cutting tool with ANSYS 16.0. According to this simulation, the surfaced tool had greater von-Mises stress levels than the non-textured one. Using a lathe machine, experimental machining operations were performed on low carbon steel with both surfaced and standard cutting tools under the same rake angle of the tool, feed rate during machining, cutting speed during machining, and depth of cut during machining process parameters. The cutting operations were carried out with both wet and dry lubrication techniques. Comparing the surfaced carbide tool to the standard cutting tool, this experimental result showed a significant decrease in cutting forces, feed forces, and coefficients of friction. These results highlight the potential advantages of surfaced cutting tools for improving performance and efficiency during machining of low carbon steel substrates.
Study on the Technological Design of Dielectric Support
Authors: Zuo Fangzhen , Li Shasha
Published: October 2024

This paper introduced the influencing factors of dielectric support process design through material selection, structural manufacturability design, injection molding process design and assembly process design. From the comparison of the main performance parameters of commonly used engineering plastics, the preferred material for dielectric carriers was glass fiber reinforced modified PPO (MPPO-109GF20). Aiming at the design factors that affect the injection molding of dielectric support, the rounded corners and wall thickness of the dielectric support were optimized. The sprue position and process parameters of dielectric support were optimized for the process conditions that affected injection molded parts. The dielectric support must be cleaned with alcohol cleaner. The dedicated assembly fixture was designed during the assembly phase to limit and calibrate the antenna unit. When installing screws, silicone rubber was compatible with polyphenylene ether materials and preferred as the adhesive for sealing, connecting, and locking. The improved dielectric support was produced and assembled in two batches, both of which met the design specifications. The cracking phenomenon has never occurred again. And it had been verified by batch stable production. This paper provided the useful technological design of dielectric support or similar modules as reference.
Creep Lifetime Modelling of 2.25Cr-1.6W Based on Creep Cavitation Model
Authors: Feng Shenhao , Lu Joan , Xu Qiang
Published: October 2024

Creep damage and the need of its modelling are introduced first. Then the steel investigated and the sources of experimental data are reported. A critical review on classical and recent new methods to calculate creep damage lifetime is included in literature review. The creep cavitation-based lifetime modelling method was expanded and applied to 3 sets of T23 creep data with temperature between 773K to 923K and stress loading from 60MPa to 360MPa. In this research, a generic form of power law was proposed and used. The case studies are grouped into single temperature and multitemperature. The values of the relevant constants were determined via optimization with Microsoft Excel. Results proved that generic power law form models the single temperature case very well while potential of improvement can be sought for multi-temperature calculation. The immediate future work is to examine how its extrapolation capability if the model is calibrated without data at lowest stress.
Increasing the Wear Resistance of Engineering Parts Using Thermal Cycling Treatment
Authors: Berdiev D.M. , Konstantinov V.M. , Umarova M.A.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the features of structure formation during thermal cycling treatment of hypoeutectoid structural steels 20, 40X and 65G. The process of thermal cycling treatment with heating without phase recrystallization and with complete phase recrystallization has been studied. Thermal cyclic treatment without phase recrystallization forms residual thermal stresses, causing an increase in the density of dislocations, the development of the initial stages of recrystallization. The maximum level of residual stresses is formed after 5 cycles. Thermal cyclic treatment with complete phase recrystallization leads to the development of recrystallization processes of varying intensity on the surface in the core of the steel sample. After 4 cycles, a collective recrystallization is possible on the surface with obtaining a grain size difference. In the core, the processes of polygonization and “recrystallization in place” take place. So for the 2nd cycle of TCT at 700 °C the average broadening of the X-ray line was only 8.72, for a similar process at 400 °C it was already 9.45. By the fifth cycle, at all TCT temperatures, the residual stresses and the resulting broadening of the X-ray line increase.
Impact of Al and Ti as Alloying Element in CoCrFeMnNi High Entropy Alloy on Mechanical Properties
Authors: Ali Nurlyana Izyan Mohd , Nadzri Nur Izzati Muhammad , Jamil Noorina Hidayu , Joseph Sudha , Rylski Adam , Ramli Nur Hidayah , Aminuddin Mohd
Published: October 2024

The Cantor alloy has emerged as one of the most promising alloy systems in recent years, distinguishing itself as a high-entropy alloy (HEA) with exceptional ductility and fracture toughness. This study focuses on equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi, CoCrFeMnNiAl, and CoCrFeMnNiTi HEA, aiming to explore the impact of aluminium (Al) and titanium (Ti) as an alloying element on their structure. These HEAs were fabricated using casting techniques, and their phase transformation was analyzed through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). Hardness values were determined via Vickers hardness tests. The findings reveal that Al and Ti significantly influence the solidification process and grain growth kinetics of the alloy. These alterations in microstructure contribute to a notable enhancement in hardness, increasing from 1.8 GPa to 4.9 GPa and 9.3 GPa respectively. This improvement primarily stems from phase transformation of FCC to BCC structure.
Simulating the Solution to an Unsteady Problem of Thermoelastic Strain of Bodies with a Hole
Authors: Polatov Askhad , Ikramov Akhmat , Adambaev Uchkunbek
Published: October 2024

The solution to unsteady problems of thermo-elasticity is considered in the article using the finite element method (FEM). The statement of the problem is based on the Fourier form of heat conduction and the equations of mechanics of a deformable rigid body. The nonlinearity of the formulated problem is due to the dependence of the elastic characteristics of the material on the deformation temperature. The Galerkin method is used to directly obtain the finite element equations from the available set of differential equations in the domain. Forming an unsteady heat conduction problem, the authors obtained a system of differential equations in which the time derivative is replaced by a finite difference. So, the initial problem is simplified into a set of linear algebraic equations (LAE), which are solved using Newton’s method. Solving the boundary value problem involves two main steps: first, figuring out the temperature distribution, and then using that to determine the displacements and stresses within the thermos-elastic medium. By means of a computational experiment, the solution to the problem of compression of a copper plate with a central circular hole is investigated. Temperature isotherms are given at different time points. As the finite time increases, the heat flux from the boundary of the hole propagates over the entire area of the plate. The distribution of values of the components of normal and shear stresses in the vicinity of the hole under applied compressive external loads and temperatures is analyzed.
Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement in CNT/Water Nanofluid Nuclear Boiling Using VOF-DPM Model in CFD Simulation
Authors: Shen Zongwang , Chen Guanghui , Duan Jihai
Published: October 2024

The study investigates the nuclear state boiling heat transfer characteristics of deionized water and CNT/water nanofluids using the VOF-DPM model in CFD. The VOF method is utilized to handle bubble behavior in the continuous phase, while the DPM model simulates the impact of suspended nanoparticles on heat transfer during phase change. Analysis of simulation results focuses on bubble behavior in nanofluid phase change heat transfer, flow field behavior near the heating surface caused by bubble growth and detachment, and a comparison with deionized water to understand the enhanced heat transfer mechanism of nanofluids. Numerical simulations demonstrate that adding CNT nanoparticles to water enhances the boiling flow field strength near the heating surface, promoting bubble detachment and improving heat transfer efficiency. The high thermal conductivity of CNT enhances the thermal conductivity of the liquid and enhances the heat conduction so that the liquid can warm up faster, and finally, due to the irregular movement of CNT nanoparticles can weaken the heat transfer boundary layer and reduce the thermal resistance of heat transfer enhances the heat transfer.
Numerical Study of Hydrodynamic Performance of Propellers Based on CFD
Authors: Chen Qian , Liu Liang , Tian Zhen , Guo Shuhui , Zhang Baoji
Published: October 2024

In order to verify the reliability of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) methods for predicting the hydrodynamic performance of propellers, this study conducts a simulation analysis of multiple performance parameters of propellers at different advanced coefficients using CFD. Taking KP458 marine propellers as the research object, using the Motion Reference Frame Method (MRF) to verify the hydrodynamic performance of the propeller, the inlet boundary is set as the velocity inlet, and the outlet boundary condition is set as the free outlet. At the same time, the wall is set to a non slip fixed wall condition, and a standard wall function is used to approximate the area near the wall. The three-dimensional computational domain of the flow field is finely meshed using the Poly-Hexcore method. Simultaneously, different grid quantities of the Poly-Hexcore grid system are employed at the same advance coefficient. This is done to perform a grid independence test by numerically comparing the simulation results with experimental data, thus validating the reliability and accuracy of the CFD method. This method provides detailed flow field information, performance parameters, and relevant flow characteristics for propellers, making it of significant reference value for propeller design, optimization and practical maritime engineering.
Research Status of Numerical Simulation for Single-Screw Extrusion of Solid Propellants
Authors: Wang Kang , Yuan Xi , Wang Jiaqi , Zhu Linyi , Guo Yunjia , Liu Yao
Published: October 2024

Solid propellant is one of the typical basic national defense products, the steady production of which is of great signification for the nation safety and society stability. As known, single-screw extrusion is widely used currently due to its simple structure, good pressure building ability, stable product quality and easy maintenance of equipment. After decades of research and development, solid theoretical foundation has been established and extensive application practice has been achieved in many related fields. And with the continuous improvement of computer hardware computing power and the updating of non-Newtonian fluid numerical simulation software, numerical simulation has shown great potential on viscoelastic fluid extrusion mechanism analysis, forward design of processing equipment in solid propellant industries. With a systematic review and discussion, this paper elaborated the technical foundations, application implementation difficulties, and future research trends of numerical simulation method for single- screw extrusion of solid propellants. Valuable reference is provided for subsequent research on promoting the safe, efficient, and eco-friendly development of solid propellant industries.
Displacement Field Identification of Ship-Borne Helicopter Landing Deck Structure Based on Inverse Finite Element Method
Authors: Li Huapeng , Ying Yuchen , Sun Lianghui
Published: October 2024

The Inverse Finite Element Method (iFEM) is a newly emerging displacement field identification method in recent years. This method reconstructs the displacement field of a structure as a whole using a finite number of strain measurement points. It is more straightforward, efficient, and cost-effective compared to existing methods and can be applied to real-time structural monitoring. To understand the structural response of the flight deck during the collision process of a naval helicopter landing on a ship, this paper takes an amphibious assault ship as the research subject and reconstructs the displacement field of the deck structure under the impact load of the landing. First, it obtains the time-varying curve of the impact load on the deck during the collision process, applies it as an external force in the landing area for simulation, uses the obtained nodal displacement results as reference solutions, and reconstructs the displacement field using the strain data obtained by finite element simulation as the measured strain data from the inverse finite element method. The simulation results show that the inverse finite element method can reconstruct the displacement field of the deck during the collision between the helicopter and the ship in real-time.
Failure Analysis of Cracked Pre-Wired Elbows at Flue Gas Inlet
Authors: Yu Ting , Zhong Fengping , Du Bin , Ma Linlin , Xiong Fahao
Published: October 2024

A smoker inlet pre-wire line, after eight years of use cracking failure, the central performance of the pipeline and elbow body cracks can not be welded, and welding cracks will expand in the elbow. Elbow material is 0Cr18Ni10Ti, working temperature between 0-700 °C, elbow internal circulation medium for flue gas. To study the failure of cracked pre-wired elbows at flue gas inlet, evidence and specimen collection, chemical composition analysis, chemical composition analysis, fracture analysis, metallographic analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The experiments confirmed the reason for the cracked pre-wired elbows at flue gas inlet: Smoker inlet pre-wired elbow in the Cr element precipitation at the grain boundary, resulting in Cr-poor area, reducing the corrosion resistance of the material; flue gas impurities in the element S in the grain boundary enrichment, resulting in adsorptive dissolution at the grain boundary; in the case of a significant temperature difference, the use of eight years of pipeline ultimately cracked due to intergranular corrosion.