bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CRITERIA FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY AND PROSPECTS FOR IMPLEMENTING PROACTIVE PUBLIC SERVICES
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Talapina Elvira , Kozyar (Dvinskikh) Daria ,   Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation
Published: June 2024

The paper considers how the state’s success in delivering public services can be evaluated in a new proactive mode. This new format implies the provision of services based on data from the agencies, without officials’ participation, by automated algorithms. Such changes require the development of completely new competencies in public bodies, from technical to legal. The success of implementation should be confirmed by regular monitoring based on the evaluation of such implementation and the quality of proactive public services. The goal of our work is to develop a methodological approach to the assessment of implementation and quality of proactive public services. In order to achieve this goal a set of methods was used: methods of expert analysis, formal legal, historical legal and comparative legal methods. The results of the research were the development of the concept and definition of the main directions for realization of the public services proactive mode, their classification and our own approach to the development of a methodology for assessing the implementation and quality of proactive public services. The current research is a pioneering independent study of the proactive mode of public services in the context of the President’s instructions and program documents implementation.
The Semantic and Contextual Meanings of the Cognitive Words “yʕqilu:n, yatafakaru:n, yatadabaru:n, yafqahu:n” in Holy Qur’an
Authors: Al-Khawaldeh Sami K. , Al-Ajaleen Mohammad M. , Al-Khawaldeh Nisreen N. , Kayed Murad M Al , Alkayid Majd M
Published: June 2024

The current study endeavors to identify the semantic and contextual meanings of four cognitive words: “yʕqilu:n, yatafakaru:n, yatadabaru:n, yafqahu:n” in Holy Qur'an. The motive for this study comes from the vague semantic relations expressed by Muslim exegetes and interpreters of these words. Additionally, translating them into other languages such as English is considered challenging due to the cognitive resemblance, nature, and senses they express. Thus, the study aims to unravel the slight cognitive distinctions among these cognitive words by scrutinizing the micro and macro levels of structure and contexts of the Holy Qur'an. To accomplish the aims of the study, the Semantic Approach of Toshihiko Izutsu (2008) is adopted as a theoretical framework along with a contextual syntagmatic and paradigmatic analysis of the targeted data. The findings reveal that the four cognitive verbs denote different semantic senses and are used in the Holy Qur'an in different contexts. They express different cognitive skills and mental abilities. Moreover, the findings show that these verbs are used differently in the Holy Qur'an to whom they are addressed and the consequences of using them.
Embedding Artificial Intelligent Applications in Higher Educational Institutions to Improve Students’ Pronunciation Performance
Authors: Al-Shallakh Mohammad Ahmad Ibrahim
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the integration of Elsa Speak, an Artificial Intelligence (AI) application, into higher education to enhance the pronunciation skills of English Foreign Language Learners (EFLL) at a Jordanian university. Grounded in a comprehensive literature review, this study adopts a mixed-methods approach, utilizing a pre-post-test-controlled group design with a sample of 12 students. The seven-week intervention employing Elsa Speak demonstrates a significant improvement in pronunciation skills, supported by statistical analyses and positive student perceptions gathered through questionnaires. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on AI in education, highlighting the practical impact of such applications on language learning, specifically pronunciation improvement in higher education. The study advocates the continued exploration and strategic integration of AI tools, such as Elsa Speak, into language education practices.
Pain as a Force – A Study of the Conceptual Metaphors of Pain in Vietnamese
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Ho Hoang
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to investigate the conceptual metaphors of pain in Vietnamese. Twenty-six Vietnamese women with cancer were involved as research participants who took part in one-to-one semi-structured interviews with the researcher to provide information about their pain experience and their cancer condition. Data obtained from the interviews was transcribed, coded and interpreted using qualitative content analysis. Talmy’s (1988) force dynamic schema was employed to identify the structure of conceptual metaphors of pain. The findings indicated that a wide variety of pain metaphors were found in Vietnamese, with PAIN AS A FORCE being the general metaphor followed by many more specific ones. While Vietnamese conceptual metaphors of pain overlap in multiple ways with those typically found in English and Greek, new findings emerged from the Vietnamese data, including PAIN AS A FRIGHTENING ENTITY, PAIN AS AN ENEMY, PAIN AS A REWARD OR A VALUABLE ASSET, and PAIN AS A NET OR A TRAP. The study contributed to validating the role of language in describing pain, enriching the international work concerning the conceptualisation of pain, and facilitating Vietnamese healthcare professionals’ understanding about their patients’ communication about pain using language.
Investigation of GeSe Photovoltaic Device Performance via 1-Dimensional Computational Modelling
Authors:   Electrical and Electronic Engineering Programme, Wei Lii Wong ,   Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Bais Badariah ,   Electrical and Electronic Engineering Programme,,   Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Rahman Kazi Sajedur ,   Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Chelvanathan Puvaneswaran ,   Solar Energy Research Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: June 2024

Germanium selenide (GeSe) is a potential absorber material for thin film solar cells. However, many physical, electronic parameters and practical defect configurations that result in different effects on the performance of GeSe solar cells are not fully understood. In this study, a baseline of a GeSe thin film solar cell was designed and simulated using SCAPS-1D simulator. The physical and electronic parameters of the absorber layer is varied to investigate their effect on the performance of the solar cell. The simulation uses absorption files extracted from Xue et al. 2016 and the SCAPS-1D absorption model. Practical defect configurations are also introduced in GeSe thin film solar cells to optimize solar cell performance. Simulation results show that baseline GeSe solar cells had obtained Voc 0.62 V, Jsc 39.52 mA/cm2, FF 79.34 and ƞ 19.48%. Simulation using the SCAPS-1D absorption model achieved a more accurate JSC contour graph compared to simulation using absorption files extracted from Xue et al. 2016. The highest efficiency of 26.13% was achieved at 1.40 eV bandgap, 4.27 eV electron affinity, 10 cm2/Vs hole mobility, 1E+18 1/cm3 hole concentration and 2000 nm GeSe layer thickness. For bulk defect, an increase in defect concentrations or capture cross section hole and electron (σ) reduce efficiency. For interfacial defect GeSe/CdS, total density of 1E+12 1/cm2 with σ of 1E-13 cm2, total density of 1E+18 1/cm2 with σ of 1E-19 cm2, total density of 1E+16 1/cm2 and 1E+18 1/cm2 with σ of 1E-16 cm2 have critical impact to solar cell.
Energy Analysis of a Reversed Circular Flow Jet Impingement (RCFJI) On A Bifacial PVT Collector
Authors:   Institut Penyelidikan Tenaga Suria, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Ishak Muhammad Amir Aziat , Ibrahim Adnan ,   Institut Penyelidikan Tenaga Suria, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Fauzan Mohd Faizal ,   Institut Penyelidikan Tenaga Suria, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Fazlizan Ahmad ,   Institut Penyelidikan Tenaga Suria, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia, Ewe Win Eng ,   Energy Systems Research Unit, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XJ, Scotland, United Kingdom
Published: June 2024

Although photovoltaic thermal (PVT) offers ascertain of benefits, it also has its own limitations. The efficiency of PVT is diminished due to heat gain experienced by its photovoltaic module when subjected to solar radiation. Jet impingement has been recognised as a highly successful technique for the purpose of cooling solar modules, particularly in the context of bifacial module applications. An energy analysis of a reversed circular flow jet impingement on a bifacial PVT collector was perform through an indoor experiment utilizing a solar simulator. The jet plate outlet was varied into four different configurations: one hole (1h), three holes (3h), four holes (4h) and five holes (5h) to identify the jet plate outlet configuration that contributes to the best energy efficiency. The experiment was carried out using a constant solar irradiance of 900 W/m2 and mass flow rate between 0.01 kg/s to 0.14 kg/s. The study’s findings indicate that configuration 1h exhibited the best photovoltaic efficiency of 11.09%. Additionally, the highest thermal efficiency recorded was 63.2%. In summary, it can be concluded that configuration 1h exhibits an overall photovoltaic thermal efficiency of 74.28% when subjected to a mass flow rate of 0.14 kg/s. This configuration outperforms other jet plate outlet configuration in terms of energy performance.
Structural Optimization of 4-DOF Agricultural Robot Arm
Authors:   Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Ahmad Zakey Nurul Emylia Natasya , Mohd Zaman Mohd Hairi ,   Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia, Ibrahim Mohd Faisal ,   Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
Published: June 2024

The shortage of human labor is increasing; thus, more agricultural machinery and equipment are expected to enter the agricultural sector. One of the agricultural machinery widely studied nowadays involves robot arms. Therefore, developing robot arms is a hot issue in this field. The ideal structure of the robot arm with optimal length is currently gaining popularity and being used in many sectors, such as manufacturing and agriculture. This is closely related to the dynamic structure of agricultural areas. Therefore, this study uses the forward kinematic modeling method to design an optimal robot arm to achieve a specific coordinate in a dynamic environment. The robot in this study arm mimics the boom and arm installed on a tractor. The forward kinematic problem in this study is defined using the Denavit-Hartenberg (DH) convention method. The DH convention is commonly used to solve kinematic analysis problems of a robot arm. Simulation of kinematic modeling is performed using MATLAB software. This study studies various optimization algorithms to compare the performance of algorithms that can achieve the optimal length with minimum errors. The comparison between artificial bee colony (ABC) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is studied. At the end of the study, the best algorithm was selected for the robot arm design with a four-degree-of-freedom (4-DOF). The best algorithm, i.e., the PSO algorithm, is evaluated by calculating mean square error (MSE of 0.00108527), root mean square error (RMSE of 0.01678), mean absolute error (MAE of 0.004286081), and end-effector position error (error of 0.080557045), where the best algorithm has the lowest value of error.
Taguchi Grey Relational Analysis for Multi-Objective FDM Parameter Optimization of PLA Components
Authors:   Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India., Patel Khushbu , Acharya Shailee ,   SVIT, Gujarat, India., Acharya G. D. ,   Aatmiy University, Rajkot, Gujarat, India.
Published: June 2024

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) employs Polylactic Acid (PLA), Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), and other materials to manufacture items from Computer Aided Design (CAD) files in recent era. Process parameter optimization could aid in producing durable products. This article presents multi-objective parametric optimization for the FDM process. The infill density, orientation angle, and layer height characteristics are studied in proposed work. In this task, PLA material is used to create FDM parts. Using Taguchi grey relational analysis, the printing time, surface roughness, dimensional accuracy, and tensile strength are optimised. Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) assesses the importance of process factors relative to response parameters. The recommended method aids decision analysts in comprehending the whole evaluation process and expedites the production of components with exceptional surface finish, dimensional accuracy, and tensile strength with optimum time. The layer height, orientation angle, and infill density have the most effects on surface roughness, according to the data. Finally, the results shows that the orientation angle, layer height, and infill density have the greatest effects on dimensional variance. Grey Relational Grade (GRG) was able to ascertain the ideal values of the parameters layer height (0.3 mm), orientation angle (90°), and infill density (40%) using the Grey Taguchi Method.
Gamification Approach for Interactive Learning of Lean Manufacturing Activities
Authors:   Smart Manufacturing Research Institute, Mohd Salleh Noor Azlina ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Syed Aris Sharipah Ruzaina ,   Faculty of Education, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Ismail Azianti ,   Smart Manufacturing Research Institute,   School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Megat Shahrul Anuar Megat Iskandar Shah ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Abdul Manan Ahmad Naqib Akmal ,   School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering
Published: June 2024

The gamification approach is popular method in education as it has been widely utilized in many fields. The project focuses on designing a game for interactive learning of lean manufacturing activities to create an alternative learning method that would gain interest and efficiency in learning. Integration of gamification approach and interactive learning method was used to illustrate a virtual lean manufacturing education and training by means of users’ interaction towards provided interactive learning materials and participation in playing the designed game. Input of the project which is learning materials was developed by analysing numerous articles regarding common lean manufacturing tools and practices. Interactive elements such as animation, sound effects, lecture voice, and videos were applied in each learning material to deliver an adequate understanding of each topic. Construction of the game platform is being developed using ActivePresenter software which includes simulation videos of the production line using FlexSim software to visualize a real production floor which provides a clearer picture of the production system for users. The game should include a basic assessment of lean manufacturing practices by considering its complexity and difficulty level for users with inadequate or does not have experience in the field. The outcome of the project is expected to successfully design a basic game platform for lean manufacturing education by means of interactive learning. Users will be able to learn lean manufacturing systems using the designed interactive learning materials included in the games and self-assess themselves as the game publishes the correct and best answer option in case they answer wrongly.
Near-Real Time Detection of Pi2 Pulsations Based on an Automated Machine Learning Model
Authors:   Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Malaysia, Yusof Khairul Adib ,   Space Science Center, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia, Abdullah Mardina ,   Space Science Center, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia,   Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia, Abdul Hamid Nurul Shazana ,   Space Science Center, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, Malaysia,   Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia, Ahadi Suaidi ,   Department of Geophysics, Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics, Jakarta 10610, Indonesia
Published: June 2024

The impact of geomagnetic substorms on space weather and various technology on the Earth urges the need to detect the phenomenon. However, the brief period of substorm occurrences makes it more difficult to directly detect them, therefore, their detection by proxy in the form of precursors need to be done. Pi2 pulsations, which is a damped irregular signal in the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field ( as a reliable precursor to substorms. The cessation of Hz), is seen index that previously was the main detection indicator of Pi2 pulsations motivates this study to introduce a new detection method by implementing machine learning. In this study, several features were extracted from geomagnetic field data based on several statistical parameters, impulsive and signal metrics to be used in the development of classification model. The development was performed based on the automated machine learning (AutoML) approach that determines the best algorithm and optimizes the hyperparameters automatically. AutoML tries various algorithms like ensemble, neural network, Naïve Bayes, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbour and binary decision tree that are optimized by Asynchronous Successive Halving Algorithm. An ensemble classification model was determined to be the best performing model with an accuracy of 99.15%. It was then used in the development of near-real tine detection system. The system streams the geomagnetic field data continuously and reports the Pi2 detections on an open cloud repository, The detection system is envisioned to be one of the reference sources to inquire the occurrences of Pi2 pulsations globally.
Comparative Assessment of Head Deposition, Exhaust Gas Temperature and Sound Emission in CI Engine using Blend Fuel
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering ,Quaid-E-Awam, University of Engineering Science & Technology Nawabshah Sindh Pakistan 67450, Solangi Faheem Ahmed , Ali Memon Liaquat ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering ,Quaid-E-Awam, University of Engineering Science & Technology Nawabshah Sindh Pakistan 67450, Samo Saleem Raza ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering ,Quaid-E-Awam, University of Engineering Science & Technology Nawabshah Sindh Pakistan 67450, Luhur Muhammad Ramzan ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering ,Quaid-E-Awam, University of Engineering Science & Technology Nawabshah Sindh Pakistan 67450, Ali Memon Imadad ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering ,Quaid-E-Awam, University of Engineering Science & Technology Nawabshah Sindh Pakistan 67450, Ansari Ali Murtaza ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering ,Quaid-E-Awam, University of Engineering Science & Technology Nawabshah Sindh Pakistan 67450,   Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, (FEST) Hamdard University North Nazimabad KDA Campus Karachi, Mastoi Sanaullah ,   Department of BS(RS), The University of Larkano, Larkana Sindh Pakistan
Published: June 2024

Energy has a significant role in the socio-economic growth for any country. The energy originates from fossil fuels, which are non-renewable and enact an undesirable impact on the environment. Waste cooking oil can be utilized in diesel engine directly. Preheating and trans-esterification process are expensive to convert waste cooking oil into biodiesel. This research aims to replace diesel with waste cooking oil as binary blend and compared with diesel fuel. Engine testing at the constant speed of 1300 rpm at constant load. This study revealed that, addition of waste cooking oil reduced exhaust gas temperature as compared to base line fuel. In case of noise emission, sound level for emulsion fuel DF95WCO5 was reduced compared to DF. In this study, a single-cylinder CI engine was run for 200 hours on two fuel samples: DF (diesel fuel) as the baseline fuel and DF95WCO5 (5% waste cooking oil and 95% DF). During the endurance test, the effects of DF95WCO5 on engine head deposits were studied. According to the investigation's findings, visual inspection of both fuel samples revealed some deposit buildup on injectors. SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDX (energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) analysis revealed that the engine running with DF95WCO5 formed more carbon deposits on and around the head. It can be concluded that binary emulsion can be used in compression ignition engine without any engine alterations. Consequently, WCO can be proficiently used to reduce detrimental effects and reduce fossil fuel dependency.
R. BELLAH'S CONCEPT OF "CIVIL RELIGION": IDENTIFICATION FEATURES AND MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Sarapin Alexander , Piletsky Eugene ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

The article examines the nuances in the definition of "civil religion" as posited by American sociologist Robert Bellah. The situational drivers for its emergence include: a) the necessity for a theoretical framework while elucidating the dynamics of religion and politics in the US to Japanese students, and b) addressing the societal challenges the US faced due to the Vietnam War. R. Bellah's ideological foundation for reshaping "civil religion" is attributed to: drawing inspiration from the works of J.-J. Rousseau, and integrating theories from A. de Tocqueville, E. Durkheim, and S. Mead. The study proposes the existence of five methodological strategies discernible in Bellah's three publications: "Civil Religion in America" (1967), "Broken Covenant. American Civil Religion in Time of Trial" (1975), and "Religion and Legitimation of the American Republic" (1978). A comprehensive critique of Bellah's five distinct interpretations of civil religion is presented, evaluating their substantive coherence. The underlying reasons for shifts in Bellah's delineations of civil religion are outlined. This paper underscores the conceptual fragmentation and the aspiration for functional refinement in Bellah's portrayal of "civil religion". Reasons for Bellah's subsequent discontinuation of the term "civil religion" from the mid-1980s are also explored.
FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE UKRAINIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH DURING THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Stetsiak Ioann
Published: June 2024

The article explores the functioning of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church (UOC) against the backdrop of the Russian-Ukrainian war. It highlights the unique position of the UOC, which finds itself at the intersection of various political centers' interests and faces pressure both from the Russian Orthodox Church and the Ukrainian government. The article presents the process of current internal changes within the UOC and their consequences, such as complete separation from the Russian Orthodox Church and extensive humanitarian assistance to Ukrainians affected by armed conflicts. The dynamics of the relationship between the UOC and the Ukrainian government are discussed, as well as the current state of these relations. The article discusses the reasons why the church seeks independence and thoroughly analyzes the new Statute of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church. The new statute reflects the need for a more flexible structure, enabling the UOC to make its own decisions without external influence. This step has caused dissatisfaction within the Russian Orthodox Church, which considers the UOC as its canonical territory. The informal pressure on the UOC from the Russian Orthodox Church is also described and analyzed in the article. Additionally, the article thoroughly examines the complex relationship between the UOC and the Ukrainian government, often characterized by tension. In some cases, the Ukrainian authorities resort to unlawful methods of pressuring the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, drawing criticism from believers, foreign journalists, and politicians. One of the key parts of the article is the analysis of legislative initiatives concerning the UOC. In the current political climate in Ukraine, there have been initiatives aimed at limiting the role of the UOC or even excluding it from society. The article examines the content of these bills and their potential consequences for religious freedom. Overall, the article provides a comprehensive study of the current situation of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church amidst the Russian-Ukrainian war. It emphasizes the need to understand the intricate relationships between the UOC, the Russian Orthodox Church, and the Ukrainian government to present readers with an objective picture of events and their implications for believers and society as a whole.
THE REACTION OF THE LEADERS OF CHRISTIAN COMMUNITIES OF UKRAINE TO THE FULL-SCALE RUSSIAN AGGRESSION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE OCU AND THE UGCC)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Fenno Iryna
Published: June 2024

The article analyzes the main narratives and themes in the speeches of the Primates of the OCU and the UGCC, revealing the reaction of Christian communities in Ukraine to Russia's full-scale aggression. During the war churches and believers are demonstrating active involvement in helping and supporting the Ukrainian military and civilians, evacuating people from the occupied territories, and providing humanitarian and psychological assistance. This practical dimension of church activity in a crisis for the state is supported by public statements by church leaders. All this is in line with the basic concepts of the social teachings of Christian churches related to issues of war and peace, collective security, human rights and justice, reconciliation and peacebuilding. The church hierarchy in Ukraine has faced an urgent need to define its attitude to this war and outline its place and role in public life in the context of armed confrontation. Religious leaders in Ukraine, as well as active believers, had and continue to have an impact on the formation of public sentiment and public opinion. Therefore, religious rhetoric and the activities of the church hierarchy can act as a factor of social cohesion and mobilization in society, which is significantly strengthened in times of crisis, and can lead to social disintegration processes. The Ukrainian context, namely the war, makes it possible to study this issue in an up-to-date way. Given the challenges faced by both Christian churches in Ukraine and the global religious community in general, the analysis of the concepts of war and peace, their practical dimensions, and ethical and theological explanations have become part of the everyday rhetoric of Ukraine's religious leaders. The analysis of the fundamental and basic positions of the Primates of the OCU and the UGCC showed commonality in many issues and aspects, despite the fact that the social teachings of these churches differ on issues of war and peace. This commonality in views and established interfaith communication promotes social mobilization and social cohesion, and creates a basis for joint solidarity work for the victory of Ukraine.
Microstructural changes in the retina in children with retinopathy of prematurity according to optical coherence tomography. Literature review
Authors: Khlopkova Yuliya S. , Kogoleva Lyudmila V. , Lebedev Vladimir I.
Published: June 2024

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a crucial problem in modern ophthalmology. ROP is a vasoproliferative disease of the eyes in premature infants. Approximately 50,000 children worldwide have become blind because of ROP. The determining indicator in the development of visual acuity is the morphofunctional state of the macula, structural changes of which can lead to disturbances in its functions and, consequently, decreased vision.
The present review analyzed available OCT (optical coherence tomography) data on the morphometric and structural state of the retina in children with ROP. Morphometric features of the macular zone in children in the scar period of ROP can be presented by an increase in retinal thickness in the center of the fovea and changes in the profile of the macula by smoothness or absence of foveal depression. These are more pronounced in children after laser coagulation of the retina in the active phase of ROP and in very premature babies. In some cases with increased retinal thickness in the center of the fovea, the presence of internal layers and an increase in the thickness of the outer nuclear layer are noted. Structural features of the macula with favorable outcomes of RP can be expressed by traction displacement of the foveola, photoreceptor layer thinning and pigment epithelium unevenness, intra and epiretinal fibrosis, choriocapillaris layer atrophy, discontinuity of the connection of the outer and internal segments of the photoreceptors and the pigment epithelium–choriocapillaris complex, and central retinoschisis. Furthermore, this review presents mixed results from studies on the impact of structural changes in the macula in cicatricial ROP on visual function.
Influence of various factors on the efficiency of trabeculectomy in pediatric patients with congenital glaucoma
Authors: Arestova Nataliya N. , Arestov Dmitry O. , Panova Anna Yu.
Published: June 2024

AIM: The study aimed to analyze the influence of various factors on the efficiency of trabeculectomy in pediatric patients with congenital glaucoma.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The results of 945 trabeculectomies, including those with various modifications and the use of drains, in pediatric patients with congenital glaucoma were analyzed in the Department of Pediatric Eye Pathology of the Helmholtz National Medical Research Center for Eye Diseases for 1997–2023.
RESULTS: The efficiency of trabeculectomy in pediatric patients with congenital glaucoma was 91.9%–98.5% in the immediate period (up to 6 months) after surgery, 75.5%–86.5% in the long term (after 5 years), and 34.2%–42.1% with repeated surgeries (up to 3–4 surgeries) during follow-up up to 10 years, which is comparable with literature data.
CONCLUSION: The main factors that influence the efficiency of trabeculectomy in pediatric patients with congenital glaucoma include age at the time of detection and surgical treatment of congenital glaucoma, their somatic health, glaucoma stage, and severity of destructive changes in the eye, particularly the congenital ones, presence of repeated surgeries, erroneous choice of the trabecular site subject to excision during surgery, injury rate of trabeculectomy (quality of incision of the conjunctiva, sclera, injury rate of vessel coagulation during surgery, and skill of the surgeon), presence of intra- and postoperative complications, untimely detection and YAG laser elimination of the internal fistula fusion after trabeculectomy, and inadequate management of the postoperative period.
Stavovi ekoloških proizvođača o ekološkoj poljoprivredi u Republici Hrvatskoj
Authors: Pugelnik Irena , Rebekić Andrijana , Jelić Milković Sanja , Lončarić Ružica
Published: June 2024

Za jačanje konkurentnosti ekološke poljoprivrede u Republici Hrvatskoj važno je prepoznati položaj, mogućnosti, uvjerenja i stavove ekoloških proizvođača. S tim ciljem provedeno je anketiranje 236 ekoloških proizvođača iz 5 hrvatskih regija prema spolu, dobi, stupnju obrazovanja i području s kojega dolaze. Ispitanicima je ponuđen širok spektar tvrdnja o čimbenicima koji mogu utjecati na konkurentnost hrvatske ekološke poljoprivrede. Za anketiranje je korišten upitnik s pitanjima zatvorenoga tipa, te su za analizu stavova proizvođača o ponuđenim tvrdnjama, uz deskriptivnu statistiku, korišteni Likertova skala s 5 stupnjeva i hi-kvadratni test (χ²). Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su kako proizvođači usmenu preporuku o kvaliteti svojih proizvoda smatraju ključnom za jačanje konkurentnosti, a nju slijede udruživanje ekoloških proizvođača, nastup na specijaliziranim sajmovima te zakonski i podzakonski okvir za ekološku proizvodnju.
Assessing Genetic Variability For NUE in Maize Lines from Agricultural Institute Osijek
Authors: Salaić Miroslav , Galić Vlatko , Jambrović Antun , Zdunić Zvonimir , Šimić Domagoj , Brkić Andrija , Petrović Sonja
Published: June 2024

Maize (Zea mays) is one of the most important crops in the world, with nitrogen (N) fertilization being the most expensive input in its production. Based on a favorable variability, production costs can be reduced by the means of selection for nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). This study aims to analyze the variability in the collection of maize lines in terms of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and to identify the loci associated with the yield and grain moisture. The Agricultural Institute Osijek diversity panel comprises of 1,346 maize inbred lines genes with 56,000 SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) markers. The experiment was carried out with 109 selected inbreds, based on their performance in the long–term trials. The selected inbreds were testcrossed to a common tester from the Iodent heterotic group. The experiments in three nitrogen environments were carried out in 2023: N0 (no nitrogen fertilization), N69 (low nitrogen supply), and Nfull (sufficient nitrogen supply). Association mapping revealed varying associations between the SNPs and the yield/moisture under different nitrogen treatments, highlighting the influence of nitrogen stress on genetic mechanisms governing these traits. The research contributes valuable insights into maize adaptability to nitrogen levels, aiding in the development of strategies for stable and high–yield maize production.
Increased number of ruptured aortic aneurysms during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Authors: Figl Josip , Papeš Dino , Škorak Ivan , Meštrović Tomislav , Romić Ivan , Figl Suzana , Pavić Predrag
Published: June 2024

Background and purpose: The aim of the study was to verify whether ongoing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic or Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination has any influence on established increased number of ruptured aortic aneurysms (RAA) during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (years 2020-2021) regarding two-year of pre-pandemic period (2018-2019).
Materials and methods: Medical records of patients treated for the ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (RAAA) by surgical or endovascular reconstruction at the Department of Surgery, University Hospital Center Zagreb, between 2018 and 2021, were retrospectively analyzed. Categorical variables were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, while numerical variables were analyzed using Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, depending on the normality of the distribution.
Results: The analysis revealed an increase in number of RAAAs by 55.56% in pandemic time (28 versus 18 in pre-pandemic years), decrease in their 30-day mortality by 18.65 % (53.57% vs. 72.22% respectively) and decrease in outpatient examinations during pandemic by 13.82%, but the differences were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: No statistically significant relation between SARS-CoV-2 pandemic or the COVID-19 vaccination and the number of treated RAAAs could be established. History of COVID-19 positivity or vaccination were not associated with RAAA outcome. The increase of RAAAs in pandemic along with decrease of its 30-day mortality compared to pre-pandemic time suggests patients’ hesitance to go to elective surgery and avoidance of regular check-ups in the hospitals, where lots of patients with SARS-CoV-2 are presumed to be concentrated, since hospital service policy and protocols remained the same. The patients were never directly asked to answer this question, so even if the fear of getting SARS-CoV-2 infection remains the most plausible answer, it should be verified by an independent survey.
Artificial Intelligence from Teachers’ Perspectives and Understanding: Moroccan Study
Authors:   Laboratory of Computer Science and Interdisciplinary Physics (LIPI), ENS, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, B.P 5206 Bensouda Fez, Morocco, Fakhar Hamza
Published: June 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made a major impact in the realm of education by leveraging machine learning algorithms, natural language processing and other AI tools to enhance learning experiences and improve educational outcomes. However, the effective implementation of AI tools in education is related to the attitudes of teachers as they play a fundamental role in the teaching and learning process. This study aims at exploring teachers’ perspectives on AI-based tools in their teaching experiences, aiming to equip them with the necessary skills to integrate this new technology in their teaching practices as part of their professional development. A quantitative study was conducted, and data was collected from a questionnaire distributed to 237 public school teachers in Morocco, precisely in the region of Fez-Meknes, based on snowball method. The instrument was tested for reliability and was confirmed to meet the necessary standards. Notably, the analysis of the survey responses indicates that despite having limited AI knowledge, teachers have a positive attitude towards AI tools in their teaching approaches. Furthermore, the research underscores a direct correlation between teachers’ AI proficiency and key demographic variables like gender, age, teaching years and academic level. Also, the findings revealed a strong correlation between teachers’ perception and their academic level, yet no notable link was found between perception and variables like Gender, Age, or working years.
A Hybrid Automatic Scoring System: Artificial Intelligence- Based Evaluation of Physics Concept Comprehension Essay Test
Authors:   Department of Physics Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Jambi, Jambi, Indonesia, Riantoni Cicyn
Published: June 2024

Conceptual understanding is one of the keys in physics. The purpose of this research was to develop an artificial intelligence-based system used to assist instructors in evaluating students’ conceptual understanding essay test results. This research used a method with Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) model (). The research subjects were lecturers and undergraduate students of physics education at the University of Jambi. Data collection was done through interviews and tests. The instruments used in this research were interview sheets and essay questions. The results of the feasibility test analysis showed that the hybrid automatic scoring system was overall suitable with an average score of 4.40 (very suitable category) in the aspects of software engineering and visual communication. In addition, the analysis of students’ conceptual understanding using the Hybrid Automatic Scoring System showed that only 21.9% of students had good conceptual understanding. The remaining 40.6% of students fell into the partial understanding category, 9.4% fell into the specific misconception category, and 28.2% had poor conceptual understanding. These results are not very different from the results of the manual analysis. The manual analysis showed that 21.9% of the students had good concept understanding, 40.6% had partial understanding, 12.5% had specific misconceptions, and 25% had poor concept understanding. These results indicate that the Automated Hybrid Scoring System can be used as an assessment tool for essay tests of conceptual understanding. The results of this research contribute in the form of a technology that can assist physics instructors in correcting, scoring, and providing feedback on physics test scores based on essay questions.
The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Providing Intelligent Services in Libraries
Authors:   Central China Normal University Library, Wuhan, China, Jing Xiao
Published: June 2024

Since the 1950s, the research of artificial intelligence has been continuously deepened and increasingly widely used in various fields of society, which is considered to be an important basis for the future human development. Library is an important part of public education. Based on how libraries use artificial intelligence to provide intelligent services, it discusses the combination of library service and artificial intelligence from three aspects of intelligent collection resource organization, automation of library management, and precision of information service. Through the introduction of artificial intelligence technology, the library can achieve a comprehensive upgrading in improving the service level, enriching the service mode and service content, enhancing the service efficiency and optimizing the user experience, so as to better meet the changes of readers' reading needs in the era of digital intelligence.
O papel de uma instituição de ensino superior frente a um projeto de reciclagem
Authors: Junges Vanessa de Campos , Campos Simone Alves Pacheco de
Published: June 2024

Este artigo teve como objetivo compreender o papel de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior frente ao desenvolvimento local sustentável a partir de sua atuação em um projeto de reciclagem para melhoria das condições de trabalho e renda. Para isso, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa-descritiva, através de um estudo de caso intrínseco único, em que os dados emergiram de entrevistas em profundidade, observação não participante e análise de fontes secundárias, os quais foram tratados mediante análise textual interpretativa. Os principais resultados evidenciam que a IES, por meio do projeto de reciclagem, vem proporcionando maior visibilidade aos recicladores, os reinserindo na sociedade, bem como gerando melhores rendimentos, além de contribuir diretamente com a questão ambiental, a qual carece de maior apoio, a fim de gerar maiores ganhos a todos os âmbitos, seja social, econômico e ambiental. Logo, o reconhecimento e respeito da comunidade em relação à reciclagem, a inclusão das famílias dos recicladores em programas sócioassistenciais e educacionais, tornam visíveis as transformações sociais ocasionadas.
Conhecer a Hanseníase: o papel dos estudantes de Auxiliar em Saúde Bucal neste contexto
Authors: Adas Saliba Garbin Cléa , Mendes de Paula Gomes Adrielle , Butarelo Ana Victória , Saliba Orlando , Isper Garbin Artênio José
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Investigar o conhecimento de estudantes do curso de Auxiliar em Saúde Bucal sobre a doença Hanseníase.Materiais e métodos: O estudo foi realizado em 2017 em um instituto de capacitação para Auxiliar em Saúde Bucal, em São Paulo. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se um questionário auto-administrado, contendo questões sobre a temática.Resultados: Participaram do estudo 79 estudantes, com idade média de 31,28 anos. 56,96% já atuavam como auxiliares e 53,33% atuava neste cargo há menos de cinco anos. 62,02% afirmaram que já receberam orientação sobre a doença, sendo que 32,65% obtiveram esse conhecimento através dos meios de comunicação. 70,89% afirmou não saber como suspeitar se o paciente é portador da doença e 35,44% desconhecem as características clínicas da doença. A forma de transmissão e tratamento também se mostraram desconhecidos pela maioria. 22,78% acreditam que os pacientes precisam de isolamento para ser tratados. Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre o conhecimento sobre a cura da Hanseníase e nível de segurança dos auxiliares em atender pacientes com a doença (p =0.0043). Questionados sobre qual palavra eles associavam ao pensar em Hanseníase, a maioria respondeu “Lepra”.Conclusão: O conhecimento dos estudantes do curso de Auxiliar em Saúde Bucal é deficiente.
Risks in the Educational Management of Ukraine during War and Post-war Development
Authors: Liashenko Oleksandra , Nakonechna Olga
Published: June 2024

Risk management is the main element of the management system in educational institutions. During the war and post-war development, the issue of identifying risks in educational management and assessing their impact on management decision-making takes on from a new perspective. This article analyzes recent studies and publications in the field of risks in educational management, covering both general and those that are specific to the management of educational institutions in tactical, strategic, and post-war horizons. The article also determines risk estimates and presents possible strategies and measures for responding to risk events. The material presented in the article is based on research conducted through interviews with experts. The respondents included middle and senior managers, as well as owners of educational institutions from eight cities and nine regions of Ukraine. In this study, risks were classified by scope and source of occurrence, which were categorized into external and internal risks. Three main groups were identified within external risks: political, economic, and social risks. Internal risks are divided into financial, technical, and managerial risks. A general analysis of expert assessments demonstrated the most and least likely risks and their impact on the management system of world institutions in Ukraine across three time intervals: now, during the war, and post-war reconstruction. Each time dimension is considered in detail, and the change in structure, priority and assessment of the impact of classified risks on the management system of educational institutions is analyzed. For each risk factor, the article provides recommendations on the response strategy and measures to ensure the leveling of the impact of the risk in the management of the educational institution. Special attention is paid to strategies and measures for responding to a risk event in post-war reconstruction, which will make it possible to achieve the set goals in the construction of new directions for the development of Ukrainian educational institutions within the framework of the current Concept of the Strategy of Post-War Reconstruction and Development of Ukraine.
La Mancomunidad de Cataluña: un primer paso hacia la construcción de España como Estado compuesto
Authors: Nates Alonso Ignacio
Published: June 2024

El presente artículo trata de aproximarse al estudio de la Mancomunidad de Cataluña desde una perspectiva histórica, atendiendo en particular, a su carácter jurídico-administrativo y a la búsqueda de esta por alcanzar un verdadero estatus de autogobierno respecto del resto del Estado. Resulta conveniente destacar la oportunidad del trabajo. En 2014 tuvo lugar el centenario de la Mancomunidad de Cataluña y 109 años después de su constitución, aún continua presente parte del espíritu de la voluntad de autogobierno catalana existente en esta institución. En un primer momento, por cuanto supuso la primera experiencia descentralizadora en España, y en segundo lugar, porque nos encontramos ante el primer paso para la creación de un Estado compuesto.
Recibido: 15.07.2023Aceptado: 10.05.2024