bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Монголд аялсан Хятад жуулчдын аяллын хэв шинжийн судалгаа
Authors: Оюунчимэг Лувсандаваажав , Гантуяа Нарантуяа
Published: February 2023

Энэхүү судалгааны зорилго нь Монголд аялж буй Хятадын жуулчдын аялах хандлага, аяллын зан төлөвийг судлах, аяллын чиг хандлагыг тогтоох, хүн ам зүйн хувьсах үзүүлэлтүүдийг тодорхойлоход оршино. Энэ судалгаанд анхдагч болон хоёрдогч эх сурвалжийг ашигласан бөгөөд Монголын аялал жуулчлалын компаниудын Хятадын зах зээлд санал болгодог аяллынхөтөлбөрүүдэд агуулгын шинжилгээг хийв. Монголд аялж буй Хятадын жуулчдын аяллын зан төлөвийн судалгаа төдийлөн хийгдээгүй. Энэ судалгаанд Хятад хэлтэй аяллын хөтөч, орчуулагчидтай фокус группийн ярилцлагыг хийж Хятад жуулчдын аяллын хэв шинж, жуулчны орон байр, зоогийн газар, хоол ундны үйлчилгээ, тээвэрт тулгардаг асуудлуудын талаар анхдагчмэдээлэл тулгуурлан дүгнэлт гаргасан. Монгол орон аялал жуулчлалыг хөгжүүлэх байгаль, түүх, нийгэм, соёлын нөөцтэй бөгөөд аялал жуулчлалын салбар нь сүүлийн жилүүдэд эрчимтэй хөгжиж эхэлж байна. Монгол Улсын Засгийн газраас аялал жуулчлалыг эдийн засгаа хөгжүүлэх, гадаад валютын урсгалыг нэмэгдүүлэх, ажил эрхлэлтийг бий болгох, үндэсний бахархлыг бэхжүүлэхэдчухал ач холбогдолтой төдийгүй хөрш зэргэлдээ улсуудтай харилцан ойлголцол, хамтын ажиллагааг өргөжүүлэх чухал салбар гэж үздэг. Сүүлийн жилүүдэд Хятадын эдийн засгийн өсөлтийг дагаад Хятадаас гадагшаа чиглэсэн аялал жуулчлал хурдацтай өсөж байна. 2019 оны байдлаар Хятадаас 168,298 гийчид Монголд зочилсон байна. Монгол улсад зочлох Хятад жуулчдын тоо, эдийн засгийн үр ашгийг нэмэгдүүлэхэд Хятад жуулчдын аяллын хэв шинж, аялах сонирхол, жуулчны зан төлөвийг судлах зайлшгүй шаардлагатай юм. Энэ судалгааны үр дүнд Монгол улсад аялж буй Хятад жуулчдын аяллын зан төлөв, аялах хандлага, аяллын үеэрх сонирхол, хэв шинжийг тодорхойлж, тэдний хэрэгцээ шаардлагад тохирохуйц аялал жуулчлалын бүтээгдэхүүн үйлчилгээний санаа дэвшүүлэв. Хятад жуулчдын аяллын зан төлөв, хэрэгцээ шаардлагыг ойлгосноор Монгол улсад аялсан сэтгэл ханамжийг дээшлүүлэн дахин аялах сэдлийг төрүүлэх, эерэг аман сурталчилгаагаар ирээдүйн боломжит жуулчинд хүрэх боломжтой. Хятадаас ирж буй жуулчдын тоог нэмэгдүүлэхийн тулд жуулчдын хүлээлтэд хүрсэн сэтгэл ханамж бий болгох чанартай сайн үйлчилгээ үзүүлэх шаардлагатай байгаа нь судалгааны үр дүнгээс харагдлаа. Судалгааны үр дүн Хятадаас жуулчин хүлээн авдаг аялал жуулчлалын тур оператор, тур агент, зорих газрын менежментийн байгууллагууд, зочид буудлууд, үндэсний аялал жуулчлалын сурталчилгааны байгууллагуудын практик үйл ажиллагаанд ач холбогдолтой.
Estimation and application of the water resources distribution using the Water Accounting Plus: A case study of the Kherlen River basin
Authors: Munkhtsetseg Zorigt , Dorjsuren Dechinlkhundev , Jargaltulga Tsogtbayar
Published: February 2023

It is crucial to assess water resources in a basin level to have observational data and measurements related to the water, its data processing and reporting. To present water resources in the spatial way is valuable information for the stakeholders including decision makers, water users and managers. However, not every river basin has adequate measurement network and spatially estimating water resources is challenging. Therefore, we applied the water accounting plus to estimate water resources as a spatial representation for the Kherlen river basin for the period of 2005-2020. Water Accounting Plus is a method to analyze water resources considering different land uses using the open-source remote sensing datasets. For this study, GPM and SSEBop datasets were used for the basin and validated with ground measurement data from six meteorological stations. Based on WA+ outputs, Sheet and Sheet 2 were developed for the Kherlen river basin in high and low water years. In high water year, the basin receives precipitated water as 35.3 km3 and its 23.3 km3 are lost by evapotranspiration and 1.9 km3 water is outflow as a runoff. For the low water year, 22.8 km3 water fall as a precipitation at the basin and only 0.7 km3 is outflow as a runoff of Kherlen river. In addition, we analyzed how spatial maps of water resources can be used for the water resources planning such as the Bag-level livestock water supply in Dornod province, which overlaps the Kherlen river basin. Of the 23 Bags in Dornod province, 11 have not enough water availability for the livestock. It noted that WA+ was a method of analyzing water resource and the. Further research is needed to validate remote sensing data with more ground data and will refine the groundwater resources estimation.
Монгол улс, Солонгосын хойг хооронд авто тээвэр хөгжүүлэх боломж
Authors: Эрдэнэбаяр Л. , Давааням С.
Published: February 2023

The Intergovernmental Agreement on the Asian Road Network is an important tool to facilitate international transport and trade, and to promote regional integration and economic cooperation. The Network covers 145,000 km of roads in about 40 destinations in 32 countries. As a landlocked country, we need to actively use the Asian Road Network to increase freight traffic and transit transport, and to find new export routes. Mongolia firstly joined the Asian Road Network in three directions: AN-3, AN-4 and AN-32. These routes pass to Russia, China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and Pakistan, as well as access two ports in the Pacific and one in the Indian Ocean. In 2018, added new route of AN-35 with China, it has a new gateway to the northeastern China and another port in the Pacific. Now Mongolia has 4,800 km road of Asian Road Network in its territory, the time has come to participate a role in regional freight traffic. In December 2016, an intergovernmental agreement with Russia and China, has been signed on the international transport on the AN-3 and AN-4 of Asian Road Network. If this agreement is well implemented, it will bring a new era of development to our country's freight and transportation sector. Despite due to the Covid-19 pandemic over the past two years declined international freight traffic, efforts should be improve the implementation of the agreement in the future. This article identifies the features, advantages and prospects of Mongolia's four integrated roads in the Asian Road Network, and proposes to increase international freight traffic and create new export routes. It is possible to access to the Korean Peninsula and the Indian Ocean port using the Asian Road Network. These purposes shall be consern the negotiations with the member countries of the Asian Road Network.
Problems of engineering geomorphology in the settlement zone of the Eg River valley: A case study of Aufeis in Erdenebulgan Soum, Khuvsgul Province, Mongolia
Authors: Amarbat Galsantsevel , Altanbold Enkhbold , Ulambadrakh Khukhuudei , Gansukh Yadamsuren , Byambakhuu Gantumur , Yumchmaa Gonchigjav
Published: February 2023

Aufeis formation in the winter season in settlements located in continuous, discontinuous, and isolated permafrost regions of Mongolia has become one of the urgent problems that must be solved in the settlement areas. In this study, the reasons for the formation of Aufeis in the settlement area of Erdenebulgan Soum, Khuvsgul Province, located in the Eg River valley, were clarified. In addition to the analysis of geomorphology and permafrost survey materials, the research was based on satellite image data and calculated using the methods of normalized snow index (NDSI) and snow water index (SWI). In the Eg River valley, the normative depth of seasonal freezing and thawing of subsoil ranges from 2.2-3.7 meters. Depending on the freezing of the winter season, there were long, short, and straight rows of cracks and fractures in the vicinity of river diversions, floodplains, terraces, or along the settlement zone. Over the past 10 years, the average size of the Aufeis area was 5555.8 m², and the average Aufeis volume was 5000.2 m³. In 2022, the Aufeis area increased sharply to 6,381.3 m², which can be related to that year's precipitation and soil temperature fluctuations. According to the area and volume classification of  Aufeis in Mongolia, the research area belongs to the III class of medium-sized category, but it is exposed to the space of Aufeis distribution due to the improper expansion of the settlement area and wrong planning. According to the changes in the satellite map over the last 30 years, the diversion of the Eg River has caused the spatial distribution of the Aufeis to move towards the settlement area. This study is important for the planning of the spatial location of towns to determine the methods of pre-research and prevention of permafrost-related phenomena and engineering geomorphological problems.
Kajian Penerapan GMP dan WISE Guna Peningkatan Higienitas Produk dan Produktivitas Pada UKM Amplang Samarinda
Authors: Pawitra Theresia Amelia , Sitania Farida Djumiati , Fathimahhayati Lina Dianati , Hilal Iklil , Aivendar Rina
Published: February 2023

Hygiene and product safety were the main issue that need to be assured by food industries, including amplang industries in Samarinda. Furthermore, workers safety was also important for improving small industries’ productivity. This paper aimed to evaluate application of Good Manufacturing Practise (GMP) and Work Improvements in Small Medium Entreprise (WISE) in two small industries that produce amplang. GMP is a system that ensures products are consistently produced and controlled according to set quality standards. (i.e., BPOM standard). WISE is a programme to assist micro, small and medium-sized enterprises improve working conditions and productivity using simple, effective and affordable techniques. The GMP study showed that SME Y had GMP value higher than SME X (i68% and 55%). These two SMEs have used clean water to produce amplang and store raw materials, end products and hazardous materials properly. The drawbacks of these two SMEs are the need to improve recording and documentation as well as make SOPs for product withdrawals from the market. UKM X needs to make SOPs for the cleanliness of the production area and improve product labels. The results of the WISE study of these two SMEs have not provided appropriate PPE for workers and have not promoted occupational health. Procedure for mitigating fire hazard had not developed although fire was one of the risk factors in these two SMEs. Evacuation path had not been provided and even, SME X had not provided the fire extinguishers. Furthermore, ergonomic work station obliged to design especially for workers who sit cross-legged, designing cross-legged chair with back rest.
Rancangan Model Konseptual denganTheory of Contraints untuk Menyeimbangkan Lini Produksi dan Meningkatkan Output pada Industri Komponen Otomotif
Authors: Kurniawan Rachman Catur , Marie Iveline Anne , Azmi Nora
Published: February 2023

Nowadays, competition among manufaktur industries is increasing rapidly. This competition causes similar industries to compete, including the automotive component industry. To win the competition, the automotive component manufaktur industry must carry out various repair methods. Improvements made include managing inventory, scheduling, delivery, quality management and eliminating waste. Based on observations, problems that often occur in the automotive component manufaktur industry are not achieving production output and unbalanced production lines so that problems such as waste and bootleneck arise. The purpose of this research is to design a model on the production line to increase production output and balance the production line. The method used to analyze and solve this problem is to design a conceptual model of Theory of Constraints (ToC). This method interprets structured and systematic stages to solve problems in the manufaktur industry. Based on the analysis, the results of this study produce a generic model that can be used in the automotive component industry. The models offered can increase production output, balance workloads and eliminate waste.
حكم التصويت للأصلح في الانتخابات
Authors: AbdolQassim Nasir , Syed Ismail Sharifah Hayaati , Mahyoub Murshed Amer Abdulwahab
Published: February 2023

This study addresses the issue of ruling on voting for the most qualified candidate in elections which is one of the important issues in the present time and requires deliberation from Muslim scholars. This issue has led to different opinions and divisions among people in a single country. Hence, the major question in this study; what is the position of Islamic jurisprudence in terms of voting for a highly qualified candidate? It is an important question as it relates to governance and seigniory which also concerns all people who take part in elections as the consequences may affect the community. Hence, this study aims to clarify the issue of voting for a highly qualified candidate in elections by gathering and analyzing contemporary researchers’ views and arguments to reach a superior jurisprudent summary. This study also aims to obtain the most appropriate opinion that fits the purposes of Islamic law and the current situation. To achieve the objective, this study employed analytical, deductive, and inductive methodologies. This study concludes that voting for the fittest character is considerable for necessity since it relies on significant sharia evidence and rules such as: Necessities permit prohibitions. And the researcher recommends those people who are working in the field of religious calling to participate actively in elections and not boycotting due to the Muslims afflictions in the last few decades. If they know that there is a qualified person who can serve Islam and Muslims and decrease evil or corruption, they should vote for him, otherwise it is better to step down.
Sistemas de calidad turística en Costa Rica: Accesibilidad y desafíos para su implementación en emprendimientos y PYMES turísticas en el contexto pandémico
Authors: Gutiérrez-Galera Luis Humberto
Published: February 2023

El presente estudio indaga sobre los sistemas de calidad existentes en Costa Rica e internacionalmente, que pueden ser implementados por emprendimientos y por micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) turísticas como herramienta que asegure la gestión de calidad en el sector turismo, en momentos donde la calidad total constituye un elemento vital de competitividad, confianza y garantía sobre las medidas de salubridad en un contexto pandémico. Desde un enfoque exploratorio, se aborda los sistemas, sus requerimientos, accesibilidad de implementación y los desafíos que puedan existir sobre todo para aquellas empresas medianas y pequeñas mayormente afectadas por las consecuencias económicas generadas por la pandemia por COVID-19 y que deseen o deban implementar dichos modelos de calidad en su operación empresarial. La metodología se basó en una cuidadosa revisión de bibliografía científica y académica sobre la temática estudiada, como sustento para la contextualización y determinación de elementos técnicos requeridos para su aplicabilidad, así como en la consulta con expertos relacionados al problema de investigación. El estudio visualiza las serias limitaciones y desafíos de accesibilidad que enfrentan sobre todo aquellos emprendimientos y PYMES con algún grado de informalidad para acceder a modelos de calidad aplicables, exponiendo como área de oportunidad la necesidad de alternativas, por parte del sector público y privado, que faciliten oportunidades a estas unidades comerciales para la mejora de su producto turístico.
A cidade esquecida de Henry Ford e a vida que pulsa em Fordlândia: entrevista com Susana de Sousa Dias sobre o filme Fordlândia Malaise
Authors: Fagioli Julia
Published: February 2023

Entrevista com a cineasta portuguesa Susana de Sousa Dias, na qual discute seu filme mais recente, Fordlândia Malaise (2019). A obra resulta de uma residência artística e de um trabalho com imagens de arquivo da cidade de Fordlândia, localizada no estado do Pará, na Amazônia. A diretora trata do processo de realização, dos aspectos formais do filme, além de suas implicações estéticas e políticas.
Patrimônio audiovisual e memórias de MG: o caminho sinuoso para a constituição do Museu da Imagem e do Som de BH
Authors: Rocha Adriano Medeiros da , Nogueira Soraia Nunes
Published: February 2023

Esta investigação busca apresentar as ações de preservação, organização e resistência desenvolvidas pela equipe do atual Museu da Imagem e do Som de Belo Horizonte, idealizado a partir de 1992 e com efetiva inauguração em 1995. O MIS BH, antigo Centro de Referência do Audiovisual (CRAV), é o principal equipamento cultural responsável pelos cuidados com a memória audiovisual na capital mineira e no próprio estado, mas também possui outra grande missão pela frente: tornar-se mais conhecido do grande público. Neste caminho teórico-reflexivo, vamos enveredar por conceitos como patrimônio audiovisual, memória e identidade cultural. Também serão analisadas as alternativas e estratégias de difusão do acervo audiovisual constituído, tendo como ponto de partida a criação e uso de canal próprio no Youtube e de página no Facebook.
VT is not TV. El video es la televisión (y lo queda de la televisión es el video)
Authors: Cantú Mariela
Published: February 2023

La inagotable historia de la TV argentina es difícil de reconstruir. Debido a una diversa serie de motivos – descarte de material, escasez de acciones de preservación apropiadas y marcos legislativos restrictivos, entre otros –, la mayor parte de este precioso legado se ha tornado prácticamente inaccesible para el público en general y para la ciudadanía argentina en particular. Durante los casi 70 años de vida de la TV argentina, sus emisoras han sido administradas por una mezcla de empresas y corporaciones extranjeras, oligopolios de comunicaciones nacionales y reiterados gobiernos de facto, en el contexto de frágiles procesos democráticos. En este contexto, el video se ha convertido en soporte y en vehículo de esas imágenes, difíciles de hallar de otras maneras, lo que ha estado ligado sin dudas, a la fuerte relación que éste estableció con la televisión, bajo la impronta de una lectura agudamente crítica sobre el medio. Si desde esta perspectiva, la televisión es el video (pues a fin de cuentas, los registros de sus emisiones son todo lo que nos queda de ella), el análisis de algunas de estas obras y de sus modos de circulación resultan fundamentales para pensar al video experimental como una forma (tan involuntaria como efectiva) de concebir potenciales archivos y de volver a poner en foco una época que, de otro modo, sólo nos devolvería una pantalla negra.
Esboço para um estudo histórico da gestão Cosme Alves Netto na Cinemateca do Museu de Arte Moderna do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Núñez Fabián
Published: February 2023

A gestão Cosme Alves Netto (1965-1988) na direção da Cinemateca do Museu de Arte Moderna do Rio de Janeiro se celebrizou por sua importante atuação cultural, sobretudo, no período da ditadura civil-militar brasileira. O presente artigo se propõe a trazer novas informações sobre o tema e tecer um esboço de seu estudo histórico.
Exigiendo transformaciones. Documentales críticos argentinos de la década de 1980
Authors: Campo Javier
Published: February 2023

Una de las características por las cuales es resaltado el cine y el audiovisual latinoamericano es por su politicidad militante. Pero también se han producido gran cantidad de films que no registran marchas ni luchas callejeras, sino reclamos silenciosos o silenciados. Tal es el caso de documentales sobre comunidades originarias indígenas que tradicionalmente se consideraban solo etnográficos; films sobre modos de siembra y pastoreo rural que denunciaban la contaminación del medio ambiente y revisiones audiovisuales sobre la penetración cultural de modelos patriarcales. Todas esas nuevas perspectivas que hoy son frecuentemente transitadas por el documental local, irrumpieron en la década de 1980 en escena. El grupo Cine Testimonio, Miguel Mirra, Ana Zanotti, Lorenzo Kelly y Carlos Procopiuk hicieron aportes al cine etnográfico desde reflexiones críticas. Asimismo, Juan Schröder y Humberto Carrizo presentaron denuncias sobre la transformación negativa del medio ambiente con aportes desde la incipiente ecología. Cine Testimonio Mujer, con Laura Búa y Silvia Chanvillard como realizadoras, presentaron posturas críticas sobre crianzas y patriarcado en los primeros documentales realizados con perspectiva feminista. Por otra parte, los films se realizaron desde y se produjeron en distintos lugares de la Argentina.
Deprescribing and medicines optimisation, two sides of the same coin? Considerations for design of interventional studies
Authors: Moriarty Frank , Hughes Carmel
Published: February 2023

Interventions to promote deprescribing are an important focus of
research. Key decisions for such interventions are whether to target one
or multiple medicines, and whether the intervention scope is
deprescribing, or also extends to other aspects of medicines
optimisation. This article reflects on how these decisions impact on
developing interventions and measuring outcomes. Many behavioural
strategies are common to deprescribing and medicines optimisation,
however operationalisation may differ. Aspects to consider include the
burden of multiple simple interventions versus one complex intervention,
the extent to which the approach to deprescribing can be specified as
part of the intervention, and variability in how the intervention is
delivered across patients and providers. Outcomes should be selected
based on the intervention target and scope and the audience for whom
evidence is being produced. These may include medication changes, and
process outcomes to assess intervention delivery. Targeting single
medications may allow for a focus on specific clinical or
symptom-related outcomes, rather than more general outcomes such as
adverse drug reactions. Cost-related outcomes are also important to
inform implementation decisions, and modelling approaches may be more
feasible for interventions targeting single medications.
Mpox in the New York Metropolitan area, Summer 2022
Authors: Keller Marina , Gnanaprakasam Rachel , Glassman Rebecca , El-Khoury Marc , S Donald Chen , Feola Nicholas , Feldman Jared , Chaturvedi Vishnu
Published: February 2023

Early in the 2022 Mpox (MPX) global outbreak, caseloads in the New York
Metropolitan area climbed rapidly before other US urban areas. This case
series summarizes the authors’ clinical experience detecting and
treating MPX, during a quickly evolving outbreak. Clinical outcomes were
recorded with a focus on varied clinical presentation and outcomes such
as complications and response to experimental tecovirimat therapy. A
focal or multifocal rash was the most common presenting symptom in 91%
of patients. Almost two thirds (62%) of patients had anogenital
involvement. Proctitis was one of the most painful presentations with
75% requiring antiviral treatment and 3 patients needing
hospitalization for pain management. Most patients responded promptly to
antiviral treatment with tecovirimat. Five out of 10 patients treated
with tecovirimat reported symptom resolution within 48 – 72 hours of
therapy and another 3 saw resolution within first 96 hours. Two patients
had poor response to tecovirimat. This series includes the only reported
case of an HIV positive, immunocompetent patient who experienced
recurrent anal ulcers due to Mpox and required a second course of
tecovirimat. Other unique presentations included urethritis, abscess
formation and MPX infection post-vaccination. Control of this current
Mpox outbreak was possible due to timely diagnosis and the availability
of both a licensed vaccine and an investigational drug.
Investigation of acidification and changes in mineral element concentrations of Guizhou yellow soils in long-term tea plantations
Authors: Lin Shaoxia , Liu Xiaolan , Yan Qiuxiao , Wei Fuxiao , Wang Daoping
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to investigate where acidification occurred in soil
profiles of Guizhou tea gardens, in addition to the influence of
acidification on the availability of soil mineral elements in order to
inform soil nutrient management and improvement practices in tea
gardens. Important tea-producing areas of Guizhou were investigated in
this study and samples were collected from tea gardens with similar soil
parent material and management measures. The acidification
characteristics were investigated in soils from plantations grown for
various numbers of years and across different soil layer profiles.
Moreover, the pH buffering capacities (pHBC) of soils were evaluated and
changes in soil Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, B, As, Pb, Cr, and Cd concentrations
due to soil acidification were explored. With increased tea plantation
age, the acidification rate of 0–20-cm soil layers reached 0.025 pH
unit/year. Soil acidification extended from the surface layer downwards
through profiles, while the pH of entire soil layers were <
4.5 after 40 years of tea plantation. The pHBC of soils were <
30 mmol/kg, remaining at a weak sensitive level. Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, and
B concentrations exhibited decreasing trends in soils, while As, Pb, Cr,
and Cd exhibited enrichment at the surface. Tea plantation age and soil
depth were significantly correlated with the available concentrations of
soil mineral elements. Soil acidification gradually increased downward
from the surface and soil minerals were lost in acidic environments,
while the acid buffering capacity was reduced. These results suggest
that organic fertilizers and trace elements should be supplemented as
needed in the management of tea gardens to achieve long-term stability
of quality and yields.
As people age, do basic executive functions decline or remain constant?
Authors: Nezhad Mahboobe Shamsi , Nasab S. M Hossein Mousavi , Pourehsan Somayeh
Published: February 2023

Executive functions are defined as cognitive regulatory mechanisms and
processes that are unique to humans. Extensive research has been
conducted to comprehend the factors that influence these functions, the
most important of which is age, which correlates with varying executive
function performance. However, no research has examined and compared the
performance of different age groups on the basic executive functions
(inhibition, updating, and shifting) among the Iranian population. The
present study used computerized tasks to address this gap by examining
individuals aged 16 to 59. Ten distinct age groups were assigned to a
total of 479 participants (51% females) using the quota sampling method
and compared using the one-way analysis of variance. The analysis
revealed that for the inhibition component, there was a significant
difference between the scores of the ten age groups on the stop signal
and antisaccade tasks but no significant difference on the Stroop task.
In addition, also there was a significant difference between the scores
of updating component but not for the shifting component. The findings
suggest that although the performance of individuals in the Shifting
component remains constant from youth to adulthood, youth performance
growth in the inhibition and updating component of executive functions
is on the rise and reaches a peak in participants aged 20 to 24 before
declining slightly until the end of adulthood. Limitations and future
direction are discussed.
PD1 is transcriptionally regulated by LEF1 in mature T cells
Authors: Zhao Pin , Sun Lanming , Zhao Cong
Published: February 2023

Programmed cell death 1 (PD1) plays a vital role in cancer immune
evasion. So monoclonal antibodies targeting PD-1 to boost the immune
system are being developed for the treatment of cancer. But the effect
of PD1/PD-L1 blocking antibody only works in a subset of patients or
some tumors. It is well established that PD-1 can affect the positive
selection of T cells. Mice lacking PD1 or PD-L1 had more DP T cells in
the thymus. However, how it affects the T-cell repertoire is not very
clear. For T cell development and maturation, TCF1 and its homolog LEF1,
act as indispensable factors and TCF1 has been most studied. In our
work, we found that LEF1, not TCF1, positively regulated the
transcription of PD1 by generating two mice models, including
ERT2-CRE-LEF1flox/flox mice and concanavalin A (ConA)-mediated T
activation mice model. We investigated LEF1 and PD1 expression in mature
T cells, including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and Treg cells in these
two mice models. And we also evaluated the expression of PD1 in
tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in the tumor-implantation experiments.
Furthermore, the regulation of PD1 by LEF1 was verified in LEF1
knockdown cells. Our conclusions provided a novel insight into PD1
regulation in immune responses and explored potential strategies for
clinical anti-PD1 treatment.
Analyzing and reviewing cumulative cost functions of simple protocol in wireless body area network
Authors: Iftikhar Awais , Masood Fahad , Ullah Arbab Wajid
Published: February 2023

Wireless Body area network (WBAN) has become an area of special interest for the researchers due to its vast applications in the medical field. The major components of WBAN are sensors and gateway where sensors are responsible for collecting and transmitting physical and biological status of human body. The gateway is responsible for linking sensors with any external server for valuable output. As it has been always challenging to enhance network performance, energy efficiency, higher throughput and longer stability time in WBAN. To overcome such issues many routing protocols initiated, SIMPLE protocol is one of them. Till now there are 6 cost functions modified from the SIMPLE Protocol, It is also challenging to tell which one has the better ability to work well under certain condition. In this paper, we have compared and analyzed all the cumulative CF’s of SIMPLE protocol for the following parameters, a) throughput, b) packet sent to the sink, c) packet drop, d) packet received at the sink, e) residual energy, f) path loss and e) delay. The simulations are performed for the rounds ranges from 0-8000 in MATLAB simulator. The efficient cost function is also categorized on the basis of electing the parent node to measure the performance.
Impacts of pavement performance indicators on traffic oriented parameters and road safety
Authors: Tahir Muhammad Ahsan , Tabassum Saadia , Rahim Abdur
Published: February 2023

With the passage of time, due to vehicle movement and environmental conditions, the road pavement deteriorates. The accident rate increases if there is no proper maintenance of road deterioration. This study evaluates the safety performance due to the change in pavement performance indicators on the selected roads of Bahawalpur, Punjab Pakistan. Three roads different pavement conditions were selected, based upon their physical inspection, of 5 Km length (each road). The pavement performance indicators used in this study were International Roughness Index (IRI), rutting and cracking. The accident data of last five years (Jan 2015 to April 2019) was used in this study. The pavement performance indicators were measured on site and accident data was taken from emergency service (Rescue 1122). The relationships between pavement performance indicators and accident data were examined. No linear relationship is found between pavement performance indicators and traffic safety, however a parabolic relation is best fitted between these variables. The parabolic models are developed by keeping the pavement performance indicators on independent axis and accident data on dependent axis which can be use by road designers for assessing the value of IRI, rutting and cracking for safe traffic flow. Some values are also suggested which can be used as evaluation criteria that whether the road needs rehabilitation work or not. The suggested values/range for IRI is 1.75-2 m/Km, for rutting 9 – 10 mm and for cracking-Pavement Condition Rating (PCR) 75-80.
Direct runoff hydrograph model’s collation for a Pakistan’s region
Authors: Hanif Fatima , Ali Ahsan
Published: February 2023

Rainfall-Runoff modeling is among the classical applications of hydrology. This paper examines the results of 3 hydrologic approaches, particularly Clark Model, Nash Model, and Geomorphic Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph Model. Assumptions are forwarded for the long run use of the Rawalpindi Division, Pakistan’s Small Dam Organization. The catchment of Shahpur Dam was an area under consideration for the study. The Digital elevation model (DEM) was implicated to measure the Nash and Clark model’s geomorphic parameters. Using ArcGIS, catchment satellite imagery was processed to estimate geomorphological parameters. The models have been applied to multiple storm cases. Geographic Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (GIUH) model gave direct surface runoff hydrograph, whereas, on measured precipitation excess rainfall hyetograph was obtained. Four types of statistical parameters, namely efficiency of the model (EFF), percentage defect in time to attain peak (PETP), percent defect in attained peak Q (PEP), percentage defect in runoff rate (PEV) are used to check model’s efficiency. The comparison is done between the findings of Clark and Nash GIUH models and the original Clark and Nash models. It was observed that GIUH models are equally good even when optimization is done for Clark and Nash model’s parameters. Since the results obtained from these models are more credible, so, these models can be used in ungauged catchments to estimate the hydrographs.
Individual innovativeness and leadership self-efficacy among the teacher candidates
Authors: Çakir Çiğdem , Aydin Güngör Tuba
Published: February 2023

A limited number of studies have assessed the relation between individual innovativeness and leadership self-efficacy among the teacher candidates. This research investigated the mediating effects of Self-Regulation Approach, to determine the direct and indirect relationships between teacher candidates' individual innovativeness and leadership self-efficacy. Participants (between 17 and 24 years old) at a university (N=350) participated in this study, 68.9% (241) of the participants were female, 31.1% (109) were male. The correlational survey model was used. Instrument of the study was comprised of four sections: (i) Personal Information Form containing demographic variables, (ii) Individual Innovativeness Scale (IIS), (iii) Leadership Self-Efficacy Scale (LSES) and (iv) Self-Assessment Approach Scale (SAAS). The results show that regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses, and leadership self-efficacy scale was defined as dependent, individual innovativeness as independent, self-assessment approach as mediator, and gender and grade level as control variables.
Education and identify ways to prevent criminal offenses in sports
Authors: Arian Parsa Leila , Nakhaipour Qassem
Published: February 2023

One of the ways to prevent cultural, social, and professional harm from the occurrence of crime is to education law and makes the sports community aware of criminal law because the sports community plays the most important role in creating culture. Sports law is one of the law trends that deal with accidents in sports. The word "Sport" has a wide meaning in this term, sports operations and activities in the sense of public and championship are part of this collection. Due to the nature of the subject under study in this research, the objective and qualitative description of the content of the existing concepts and conditions is descriptive and analytical. Based on the results of the research, we conclude that education, legal culture in sports, empowerment of human resources, and the need to establish sports-legal institutions independently according to scientific and research issues and legal supervision and inspection are the most important ways to prevent sports crimes.
Influence of the synergy of neutron and gamma radiation and functional aging on the efficiency of a hybrid protection circuit
Authors: Kartalovic Nenad , Jusic Alija , Zigic Aleksandar , Nikezic Dusan
Published: February 2023

Due to the shortcomings of commercial filters and non-linear components for
overvoltage protection in the conditions of synergy of neutron and gamma
radiation and functional aging, the behavior of the hybrid protection circuit
under the same conditions was examined. In order for the experimental
procedure to correspond as closely as possible to the real situation, the
load of the hybrid circuit was not adjusted by impedance. The standard model
of the hybrid protection circuit recommended in accordance with IEC 1.3 is
simulated using the software package PSPICE. To that end, it is necessary to
create a varistor with appropriate elements. The equivalent inductance
parameters were found to be stable in relation to the experimental
conditions. It was also established that due to the synergy of neutron and
gamma radiation and functional aging, there is a change in the steepness of
the varistor characteristic and the tangent of the loss angle in the
capacitors. The overall effect of neutron and gamma radiation and functional
aging was tested on the hybrid circuit and on individual components. The
experiments were performed under well-controlled laboratory conditions, and
the combined measurement uncertainty of the experimental procedure did not
exceed 5%.
Model dan Implementasi e-Modul Interaktif Berbasis Android Pada Pembelajaran Perangkat Keras
Authors: Risma Wiwiwta  , Revi Hanadayani
Published: February 2023

Proses pembelajaran tatap muka masih kurang memanfaatkan media dan menggunakan Modul Teks. Maka diperlukan pemilihan media pembelajaran yang tepat, salah satu media yang dapat dikembangkan ialah media pembelajaran interaktif. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan media interaktif yang berupa format APK yang dapat dijalankan pada smartphone android pada pembelan perangkat keras kelas VII Sekolah Menengah Pertama. Penelitian ini memilih metode D&D, metode Richey and Klein, data deskriptif yang menggunakan skala liker. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 4 orang terdiri dari 2 ahli materi dan 2 ahli media pembelajaran serta. Subjek uji coba yaitu siswa kelas VII sekolah menengah pertama berjumlah 27 siswa. Metode mengumpulkan data dengan observasi, wawancara, dan kuesioner. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner. Analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dan deskriptif kualitatif digunakan menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian dari ahli materi pembelajaran dengan skor 4,70 persentase 94,74% (kategori sangat valid). Media pembelajaran dengan skor 4.8 persentase 96% (kategori sangat valid). Skor kepraktisan siswa yaitu 4,56 persentase 91.62% (sangat valid). Disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran e-Modul interaktif berbasis android pada pembelajaran perangkat keras komputer valid digunakan untuk membantu kendala dalam pembelajaran.
Flipbook Based E-Module With Case Method In Vehicle Testing Course
Authors: Kelana Ananda Jaka , Dedy Irfan  , Hasan Maksum  , Rizky Ema Wulansari  , Efrizon
Published: February 2023

The rapid development of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) affects various aspects of human life including education. Utilizing this information technology can support the independent learning process for the better. E-module with the case method model is suitable media implementing in  Technology and Vocational Education. This study aims to analyse the validity of E-module with case method in vehicle testing course the expert before being implemented in the learning process. This study used a quantitative research in the form of a survey. The validity of this research is divided into two categories, namely design validity and material validity. Data collection is using questionnaire in a form of Likert scale with five possible answers is used in this media validation questionnaire. The data analysis in this study is use level of validity according to Formula V Aiken. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that media design is valid in terms of didactic, construction and technical aspects. While the results of material validation also show that the material in the media is valid in terms of the quality of the material and the quality of learning. It can be concluded that the flipbook-based e-module with the case method used in this course is effective as a learning medium in the classroom during the learning process.
Система адаптивного нечіткого керування електричним режимом дугової сталеплавильної печі
Authors: Паранчук Ярослав , Бойчук Б. , Рудий Т. , Цяпа Володимир , Голубєв О.
Published: February 2023

Для електричного режиму (ЕР) дугових сталеплавильних печей (ДСП) характерні динамічні випадкові нестаціонарні пофазно несиметричні й пофазно взаємозв’язані зміни. Керування проходить в умовах неповної інформації про стан ЕР і технологічного процесу та зміни параметрів елементів силового кола та трифазної системи дуг. Досягти якісної стабілізації координат електричного режиму за вказаних його характеристик можливо на основі реалізації адаптивних нечітких моделей керування. У статті роз- роблено нечітку адаптивну модель для пофазно незалежного регулювання координат електричного режиму ДСП. Для цього запропоновано системотехнічні рішення для формування сигналу розузгодження ЕР, що надає відповідну до стану горіння системи трифазних дуг оцінку відхилення електричного режиму від заданого. Виконано проєкту- вання системи нечіткого висновку (СНВ) Mamdani для реалізації нечіткої моделі форму- вання сигналу розузгодження ЕР та запропоновано модель адаптації її параметричних степенів свободи до параметрів і характеристик збурень поточної стадії плавлення. Розроблено структурну Simulink-модель трифазної у миттєвих координатах запропоно- ваної електромеханічної системи нечіткого адаптивного регулювання координат ЕР ДСП та виконано комп’ютерні дослідження динаміки відпрацювання екстремальних детермі- нованих збурень. Результати досліджень підтвердили доцільність реалізації автономного пофазно незалежного регулювання збурень електричного режиму. У фазних каналах, де збурення відсутні, електроди не переміщуються, і, отже, усуваються хибні переміщення електродів у разі регулювання збурень із використанням опрацьованої у статті нечіткої моделі керування, і, крім цього, зменшується час регулювання збурень, тобто зростає швидкодія системи. Ці фактори, як відомо, позитивно впливають на підвищення динамічної точності стабілізації координат ЕР під час регулювання випадкових збурень електричного режиму, тобто знижується їх дисперсія, завдяки чому покращуються показники енергоефективності та електромагнітної сумісності режимів дугової печі та електропостачальної мережі.
Analysis of the Mission Statements of Educational Administration Departments in Terms of Identity
Authors: Küçükçene Mehmet , Özdemir Murat
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study is to examine the mission statements of the Departments of Educational Administration within educational sciences at Turkish universities in terms of identity. The study, which adopts a qualitative approach, was designed as a case study, and the document analysis technique was used for the data collection. In line with the purpose of the study, the web pages of the Departments of Educational Administration in 78 Turkish universities were examined and the mission statements of 48 departments were obtained. These mission statements were then analyzed descriptively. The mission statements were classified under three main themes: education-training, scientific research, and community service. The mission that is emphasized the strongest in by the Educational Administration Departments was “improving the professional development of educators” under the education-training theme. While the most frequently repeated mission under the scientific research theme is “knowledge generation and dissemination in the field”, “producing knowledge for the educational needs of the society” is observed as the primary mission under the theme of serving the society. The Department of Educational Administration missions were discussed in terms of how they reflect the identity of the field, how up-to-date and applicable they are, and to what extent they are suitable for higher education purposes. Based on the findings of the study, administrators and lecturers in Educational Administration Departments are suggested to adopt the due care and meticulousness in the preparation of their departmental missions.
Is Academic Staff Ready for E-Learning? A Study on the Readiness of Academic Staff for E-Learning
Authors: Adıyaman Arif , Yılmaz Ramazan
Published: February 2023

With the Covid-19 pandemic, both schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education (MoNE) and in higher education institutions have switched to online distance education in Türkiye, as in the rest of the world. One of the most critical factors in the effective and efficient execution of this practice is academic staff readiness for e-learning. By including multiple variables, this study investigates, the e-learning readiness of the academic staff teaching at a state university. The study adopts the survey design, and its research group is formed by academic staff working in a state university in the 2019–2020 academic year. 308 out of 576 academic staff working at the university voluntarily participated in the research. The data were obtained though the “Personal Information Form” and the “E-learning Readiness Scale of Academic Staff.” The findings show that the level of academic staff readiness for e-learning is at a medium level. Considering the gender variable, male lecturers have a higher self-efficacy in information and communications technologies use and self-confidence in e-learning. Furthermore, the e-learning needs of 24 to 31-year-olds are more compelling than those of 48 and above. Academic staff at the Faculty of Education are more ready to e-learn than those at the Faculty of Literature. It is concluded that academic title and education level do not make any difference in e-learning readiness. In accessing the internet, the self-efficacy perceptions in information and communications technologies use of the academic staff that uses laptop computers are more positive than those who use desktop computers. Those developing their computer and internet use skills with the help of others have stronger e-learning needs than those who developed them through university courses. Various suggestions are made in line with the findings of the research.
Automated geometry and hexahedral mesh generation for kilometer-scale atmospheric flow simulations
Authors: Immonen Eero , Bengs Dennis , Manngård Mikael , Westö Johan
Published: February 2023

This article introduces a methodology for automatic generation of geometries and meshes for kilometer-scale Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) flow simulations, with topography and elevation. The proposed programmatic (hence automatable) \emph{template morphing approach} facilitates interpolation of scattered point cloud terrain data on a template geometry domain, morphing a high-quality quadrilateral template mesh for the interpolated geometry, and setup as well as execution of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) flow simulation. The proposed method specifically addresses the previously reported problems of sustaining an ABL structure across the simulation domain by imposing the velocity and turbulence properties on all vertical surfaces. We present a validation study for the proposed method on an artificial Gaussian hill terrain. A real-world localized wind forecast application from the Turku Archipelago, Finland, is also presented, using open terrain data from National Land Survey of Finland. Such localized wind forecasts aim to assist ships in autonomous navigation and maneuvering in complex port or fairway environments, which is the motivation for this study.
The coupling of solids and shells by conjugate approximations
Authors: Malinen Mika , Råback Peter
Published: February 2023

In order to get detailed information about deformations of structures efficiently, it may be necessary to use finite element models which combine three-dimensional discretizations of solidswith approximations of two-dimensional models for shells. Here we show how the idea of conjugate approximations can be used as a means to obtain a formulation of mixed-dimensional coupling between shells and solids. Our method is consistent with respect to the principle of virtual workand does not depend on additional computational parameters, an augmentation of a potential-energy functional by introducing new unknowns, or computations over auxiliary meshes.