bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Watermelon Quality Classification Using Weighted K-means Algortihm Based On Feautures YCbCr Color
Authors: Muslim Lalu Zulfikar , Wijaya I Gede Pasek Suta , Bimantoro Fitri
Published: October 2019

the classification of fruit quality on a computer using image data is very necessary. In addition, this can also be used in making decisions and policies related to business strategies in the industry. In this research, the quality classification of watermelon was carried out using the Weighted K-Means Algorithm. The classification of watermelon fruit in this study was divided into three groups, namely fresh, medium, and rotten. The classification process in the system created is divided into two stages, namely training and examinations.The data that is input into the system is watermelon image data in YCbCr format. In the training phase, the input data that is processed is image data that has been classified. As for the testing/classification phase, the input data processed is an arbitrary image that has not been classified.The results of the classification with watermelon case studies using the weighted k-means algorithm obtained a conclusion that the greater the amount of training data, the computing time needed for the training and testing process will increase, as well as the level of accuracy, precision and recall of the classification results obtained will also get better. While the greater the number of k values, the computational time needed for the training and testing process will increase, but the level of accuracy, precision, and recall of the results of the classification that gets smaller.
Analisis Tata Kelola Teknologi Informasi Untuk Meningkatkan Mutu Sumber Daya Manusia Menggunakan Framework COBIT 5 (Studi Kasus: Politeknik Pariwisata Negeri Lombok)
Authors: Basil Gigih Mathori , Agitha Nadiyasari , Albar Moh. Ali
Published: October 2019

Information technology governance is an integrated part of the organization's management that governs leadership, the organization's organizational structure of the processes that govern information technology is used optimally. Human resources are currently not managed properly, which has not met the needs of IT human resources in Central Lombok. To solve this problem, the writer implements IT Governance using the COBIT 5 framework in the Lombok State Polytechnic. This study will provide recommendations for the improvement of IT problems in the Poltekpar Negeri Lombok and can be used as a reference, especially in managing IT human resources and can improve the performance of the Poltekpar Lombok using IT processes EDM02 and APO08. The results of this analysis are the level of ability of IT Governance that reflects the conditions of IT governance in the Poltekpar Negeri Lombok. With improvements to the capability level provided by the COBIT 5 framework, from levels 1 to 5 at the EDM02 capability level, IT processes are at level 3.
A Workflow to Predict the Present-day in-situ Stress Field in Tectonically Stable Regions
Authors: Ju Wei , Xu Ke , Shen Jian , Li Chao , Li Guozhang , Xu Haoran , Wang Shengyu
Published: October 2019

Knowledge of the present-day in-situ stress distribution is greatly important for better understanding of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs in many aspects, e.g., reservoir management, wellbore stability assessment, etc. In tectonically stable regions, the present-day in-situ stress field in terms of stress distribution is largely controlled by lithological changes, which can be predicted through a numerical simulation method incorporating specific mechanical properties of the subsurface reservoir. In this study, a workflow was presented to predict the present-day in-situ stress field based on the finite element method (FEM). Sequentially, it consists of: i) building a three-dimensional (3D) geometric framework, ii) creating a 3D petrophysical parameter field, iii) integrating the geometric framework with petrophysical parameters, iv) setting up a 3D heterogeneous geomechanical model, and finally, v) calculating the present-day in-situ stress distribution and calibrating the prediction with measured stress data, e.g., results from the extended leak-off tests (XLOTs). The approach was successfully applied to the Block W in Ordos Basin of central China. The results indicated that the workflow and models presented in this study could be used as an effective tool to provide insights into stress perturbations in subsurface reservoirs and geological references for subsequent analysis.
Discussion on the Influence of Overseas Financial Institutions’ Participation in Shares on the Operation Efficiency of China’s Banking Industry
Authors: Guo Yu
Published: October 2019

With the implementation of China’s reform and opening up policy and China’s successful accession to the World Trade Organization, more and more overseas financial institutions are participating in various Chinese banks, and the amount of investment is also expanding. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the impact of overseas financial institutions participating in the Chinese Banks on the operating efficiency of the China’s banking industry. Therefore, based on the previous literature research, this paper constructs six models to explore whether foreign financial institutions participate in shares and the impact of shareholding ratio on the operating efficiency of China’s banking industry.
Analysis of Climate Change in the Area of Vojvodina-Republic of Serbia and Possible Consequences
Authors: Gavrilović Milan , Pjević Milan , Borisov Mirko , Marinković Goran , Petrović Vladimir M.
Published: October 2019

Climate change conditions a wide range of impacts such as the impact on weather, but also on ecosystems and biodiversity, agriculture and forestry, human health, hydrological regime and energy. In addition to global warming, local factors affecting climate change are being considered. Presentation and analysis of the situation was carried out using geoinformation technologies (radar recording, remote detection, digital terrain modeling, cartographic visualization and geostatistics). This paper describes methods and use of statistical indicators such as LST, NDVI and linear correlations from which it can be concluded that accelerated construction and global warming had an impact on climate change in period from 1987 to 2018 in the area of Vojvodina – Republic of Serbia. Also, using the global SRTM DEM, it is shown how the temperature behaves based on altitude change. Conclusions and possible consequences in nature and society were derived.
Artikel FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN
Authors: Putri Resta Andriana , kadri hanif al
Published: October 2019

The purpose of the discussion of this article is to study leadership as requested by good principals, how to make choices as professional leaders without the influence or adverse effects of attitudes taken by principals and what factors influence the leadership of good principals in taking the right decision. First, the researcher discovers what style the principal must do as a leader, and then draws conclusions about it, then starts listening.
The Challenge and Value of applying ‘subjective interpretation’ with Bayesian network analysis in Arts and Cultures
Authors: Hoàng NGUYỄN Minh , Le Tam Tri
Published: October 2019

Art and Culture are very important aspects of humanity. However, due to their abstract nature, attempts to quantify the value of such fields have been the challenges for the scientific community. Recently, a new work of Vuong et al. (2019) presents an approach that sheds light on the possibility of applying Bayesian networks analysis to clarify the connection between architecture, for example, the design of the house façade and cultural evolution in Vietnamese city in the early 20th century. The data were partly created through the 'subjective interpretation' of the cultural evolution in 68 Vietnamese old houses. The way applying 'subjective interpretation' with Bayesian analysis is challenging, but its value is worth a try.
Estimating the optimum size of a tidal array at a multi-inlet system considering environmental and performance constraints
Authors: Eisenmann Eduardo González-Gorbeña
Published: October 2019

This paper investigates the optimum tidal energy converter array density at a tidal inlet by applying surrogate-based optimisation. The SBO procedure comprises problem formulation, design of experiments, numerical simulations, surrogate model construction and constrained optimisation. This study presents an example for the Faro-Olhão Inlet in the Ria Formosa (Portugal), a potential site for tidal in-stream energy extraction. A 35 kW EvopodTM floating tidal energy converter from Oceanflow Energy Ltd. has been used for array size calculations considering two design variables: 1) number of array rows, and 2) number of tidal energy converter per row. Arrays up to 13 rows with 6 to 11 tidal energy converters each are studied to assess their impacts on array performance, inlets discharges and bathymetry changes. The analysis identified the positive/negative feedbacks between the two design variables in real case complex flow fields under variable bathymetry and channel morphology. The non-uniformity of tidal currents along the array region causes the variability of the resource in each row, as well as makes it difficult to predict the resultant array configuration interactions. Four different multi-objective optimisation models are formulated subject to a set of performance and environmental constraints. Results from the optimisation models imply that the largest array size that meets the environmental constraints is made of 5 rows with 6 tidal energy converter each and an overall capacity factor of 11.6% resulting in an energy production of 1.01 GWh/year. On the other hand, a higher energy production (1.20 GWh/year) is achieved by an optimum array configuration, made of 3 rows with 10 tidal energy converters per row, which maximises power output satisfying environmental and performance restrictions. This optimal configuration permits a good level of energy extraction while having a reduced effect on the hydrodynamic functioning of the multi-inlet system. These results prove the suitability and the potential wide use of the surrogate-based optimisation method to define array characteristics that enhance power production and at the same time respect the environmental surrounding conditions.
It’s my idea! Reputation management and idea appropriation.
Authors: Altay Sacha , Majima Yoshimasa , Mercier Hugo
Published: October 2019

Accurately assessing others’ reputation, and developing a reputation as a competent, honest, fair individual—a good epistemic and moral reputation—are critical skills. In six online experiments (N = 2811), replicated with English and Japanese participants, we found that one way to improve our epistemic reputation is to display our competence by sharing valuable ideas, especially if we appropriate these ideas—i.e. present them as being our own, and not someone else’s, whether that is the case or not (H1). But idea appropriation also entails some risks, otherwise it would lose its quality as a reliable signal. In particular, appropriating a bad idea damages one’s epistemic reputation (H2), and being caught appropriating someone else’s idea damages one’s moral reputation (H3). As a consequence, people are more likely to appropriate ideas they think are good when they are motivated to display their competence (H4), and they refrain from doing so when the odds of getting caught increase (H5). The way people negotiate the tradeoffs of reputation management as they communicate can help explain the spread of information, as well as misinformation.
The ENIGMA Brain Injury Working Group: Approach, Challenges, and Potential Benefits
Authors: Wilde Elisabeth A. , Dennis Emily L. , Tate David F
Published: October 2019

The Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) consortium brings together researchers from around the world to try to identify the genetic underpinnings of brain structure and function, along with robust, generalizable effects of neurological and psychiatric disorders. The recently-formed ENIGMA Brain Injury working group includes 8 subgroups, based largely on injury mechanism and patient population. This introduction to the special issue summarizes the history, organization, and objectives of ENIGMA Brain Injury, and includes a discussion of strategies, challenges, opportunities and goals common across 6 of the subgroups under the umbrella of ENIGMA Brain Injury. The following articles in this special issue, including 6 articles from different subgroups, will detail the challenges and opportunities specific to each subgroup.
On the Statistical Properties of the Dankel-Loenneke Method
Authors: Tenan Matthew , Vigotsky Andrew David , Caldwell Aaron R
Published: October 2019

Dankel & Loenneke (2019) recently presented a new approach to identifying subgroups in parallel group study designs. Here, we briefly discuss our statistical concerns with proposed approach. We reveal that the error rates of the Danke-Loenneke approach are much higher than the claimed 5%, and that these error rates are dependent on numerous factors, including sample size, effect variance, and random error. The Dankel-Loenneke method has poor statistical properties; as such, we suggest that the method not be used and the manuscript constitutes an "honest error" per the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines.
Imp
Authors: Azalea Fariha
Published: October 2019

The challenges of 21st century globalization require students to have various skills needed in compete at the global level. One of the 21st century skills students need to have is critical thinking skills, but student’s critical thinking skills in Indonesia are still relatively low. To develop this skill, learning is needed along with appropriate assessment. The application of formative assessment in learning is one of the efforts in developing the skill. Through formative assessment, teacher can make appropriate learning strategies to facilitate student learning needs. However, the practice of assessment for learning rarely facilitates student learning needs. Thus, this study was needed for investigating the effect of formative assessment in develop critical thinking skill of students. The quasy experiment method is used in this study with the pretest posttest control group design. The experimental group was given the application of formative assessment through oral feedback during learning, while the control group was given the conventional assessment. The result showed that formative assessment through oral feedback can develop critical thinking skill of students, indicated by the experimental group has higher critical thinking skill improvement than control groups in Spermatophyta and Bryophyta chapter.
Pengembangan ekonomi desa penghasil kopi melalui pemanfaatan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi di Kabupaten Belu
Authors: Saparita Rachmini , Hidajat Elok Wahju , Apriliyadi Eki Karsani
Published: October 2019

The research aimed to develop coffee-producing villages economic in Belu District through the use of science and technology in community. Various parties (R & D institutions, central and regional governments and villages) participated synergycally in increasing institutional capacity of farmer groups and BUMDes, introducting science and technology utilization, guiding as well as providing production and marketing facilities, equipment  for processing coffee commodities (upstream and downstream), providing facilities and infrastructure to access and support agricultural production. Those interventions are expected could transforme coffee-producing village condition from lag behind to become developing villages.
Comparison of Cox Proportional Hazards Model and Lognormal Accelerated Failure Time Model: Application in Time to Event Analysis of Acute Liver Failure Patients in India
Authors: Khanal Shankar Prasad , Sreenivas V. , Acharya Subrat K.
Published: October 2019

Background: Different survival analysis techniques such as nonparametric, semi-parametric, parametric Accelerated Failure Time (AFT) models have been generally applied to analyze time to event data. In order to identify the prognostic factors for survival of Acute Liver Failure (ALF) patients, previous studies applied Cox Proportional hazards (CPH) model, Lognormal AFT and Log-Logistic AFT model satisfying respective model’s assumptions and goodness of fit of each model. However, comparison of CPH model and AFT model has not been reported so far for ALF data with short follow up time.

Objective: To compare CPH model and Lognormal AFT model based on different parameters for assessing the model performance and prospective validation of the finally selected model.

Materials and Methods: Altogether 1099 ALF patients’ data from liver clinic of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi India were analyzed based on the retrospective cohort study design. For validating the final model, a separate data set of 138 ALF patients from the same clinic was used. CPH model and Lognormal model’s performance was assessed through selection of variables in the final model, R2 type statistic, goodness of fit of the model, visual assessment of Cox-Snell’s residuals plot and robustness of the model. The prospective validation of the over scored CPH model was done by comparing overall survival, regression coefficients, observed and predicted survival curves between original and validation data set.

Results: It is found that 60% of variation in the partial log-likelihood is explained by the CPH model whereas 39% of variation in full log-likelihood is explained by Lognormal AFT model. Cox-Snell residuals plot for CPH model seems less deviated from the line of ideal fit, replications of variables measured through bootstrapping resampling technique in CPH model are on the higher side, model predicted and observed survival curves in each risk stratum were closer than that of Lognormal model. The survival experience of original data and validation data set for CPH model does not seem to be very different (p = 0.07) at 5% level of significance.

Conclusion: Both CPH and Lognormal AFT model are found well fitted and can be applied either of them for this ALF data. While comparing the model performance, the CPH model for the identification of prognostic factors for the survival of ALF patients is found comparatively better.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN (ORANG TUA MURID TAAM AISYAH BANDUNG)
Authors: Muliadi Wendy , Raspati Muhammad Irsyad
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine service quality, customer satisfaction, and to determine its influence on service quality on customer satisfaction, and to determine the importance of service quality to customer satisfaction at Taam Aisyah. The research method used is descriptive analysis method and associative analysis. The data used are primary data and secondary data, by making observations and giving questionnaires to respondents. The sampling technique in this study was a census technique questionnaire. The sample in this study amounted to 33 respondents. This study proves that the service quality received at Taam Aisyah is in very good condition with an achievement level of 141.84 expected service quality is in very good condition with an achievement rate of 145.78 with an increase in the Spearman Rating ranking which can amount to ρ = (+) 0.728 positive results if the quality of service is good then satisfaction will increase, based on Champion criteria is strong enough, service quality is only able to increase by 52.99% on customer satisfaction.
PENERAPAN SISTEM PAKAR UNTUK DIAGNOSA AUTIS DENGAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING
Authors: Rachman Rizal
Published: October 2019

Sistem yang menggunakan pengetahuan manusia, dimana pengetahuan tersebut dimasukkan ke dalam sebuah komputer, dan kemudian digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah-masalah yang biasanya membutuhkan kepakaran atau keahlian manusia. Dalam kasus ini, sistem pakar digunakan untuk Diagnosa Autisme Di SLB N Cileunyi, Autisme merupakan gangguan perkembangan mental pada anak yang menyebabkan seorang anak sulit untuk berinteraksi social. Secara umum, gejala autisme terdeteksi pada usia awal perkembangan anak sebelum mencapai tiga tahun. Gejala dan tingkat keparahan autisme juga cenderung bervariasi pada tiap penyandang. Diagnosa autisme biasanya dilakukan oleh seorang pakar/ahli dibidang tumbuh kembang anak, namun sebenarnya orang tua juga dapat melakukan diagnosa awal kemungkinan autisme pada anak dengan melakukan pengamatan perilaku anak dalam kesehariannya terutama dari cara berkomunikasi, berinteraksi sosial dengan anak sebayanya, dan kemampuan berimajinasi pada anak.  Didalam penerapan sistem pakar ini dibantu dengan menggunakan metode forward chaining. Metode Forward Chaining digunakan sebagai teknik penalaran dari Knowledge Respresentation Pakar, keluaran pada sistem berupa ada tidaknya kemungkinan autisme pada seorang anak berdasarkan gejala yang diberikan kepada sistem
LITERASI MEDIA MAHASISWA PERGURUAN TINGGI NEGERI KOTA KENDARI TERHADAP ISU SARA PADA MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: Arnus Sri Hadijah
Published: October 2019

This study aims to analyze literacy media among state university students in Kendari regarding the issue of SARA in social media and to provide solutions to enhance the student’s media literacy skills. This study is design in descriptive qualitative approach. Required data for this study were collected through snowball sampling. Data analysis was carried out using Individual Competence Framework. This study reveals that the level of media literacy skills of the students was classified as basic. In other words, the students had basic skills to utilize the media and had limited media usage. The users understood the basic functions, reveal the basic codes and use them for final objectives. The students’ ability to critically analyze the received information was limited. As a result, the ability to communicate through the media was also limited. The solutions to improving media literacy skills of state university students in Kendari can be through incorporating knowledge regarding media literacy in the curriculum of study programs, conducting research related to media literacy among lecturers and students, holding trainings and workshops, providing media literacy knowledge through leader opinions such as religious leaders and community leaders, and developing religious studies on campus.
Rural Failures
Authors: Areschoug Susanna
Published: October 2019

Critical boyhood scholars have consistently problematized the moral panic directed at boys’ educational achievements, for instance, by illustrating how the issue is intersected by power hierarchies such class and race, but have not been as attentive to the spatialized dimensions of this discourse. In the Swedish debate, boys in (post)industrial towns in rural regions—affected by decades of deindustrialization—are often pointed out as at risk of becoming unemployed societal liabilities. Documenting the lives, aspirations, and future trajectories of young and rural working-class boys, the television series The School Boys (Skolpojkarna) analyzed in this article reproduces this trope and connects anxieties regarding “redundant” masculinities with rural spaces. Using feminist and post-structural approaches to gender and space, I show how this media production, supplied for educational purposes, mediates normative understandings of young rural masculinity.
Macbeth's Thick Night and the Political Ecology of a Dark Scotland
Authors: Griswold Jeffrey B.
Published: October 2019

This article complicates scholarship on Macbeth that understands political attachment in terms of an autonomous subject and attributes Macbeth’s demise to an over-susceptibility to natural or supernatural forces. By putting early modern accounts of the humoral constitution of the night air in conversation with modern theories of apostrophe, I argue that the Macbeths’ experiences of night theorise political action as inseparable from the nonhuman forces in the play. Shakespeare reworks his source material to explore the borders of the human, imagining a more complex relationship between treasonous violence and the darkness that enshrouds Scotland.
Law in Theory, Law in Practice
Authors: Agmon Danna
Published: October 2019

Letters written by early modern missionaries played an important role in the development of global intellectual networks and inquiry into religion, language, cartography, and science. But the historical ethnography of law has not recognized the role that Jesuits played in creating the field of comparative law. This article examines the writings on law in India by the French Jesuit Jean-Venant Bouchet, who was an important source for Enlightenment philosophes and later Orientalists. It considers Bouchet’s systemic accounts of Indian law alongside his more ethnographic description of his legal encounters in South India, and argues that the practice of conversion and experiences in local legal fora determined and shaped Bouchet’s interpretation of Indian law. In other words, legal scholarship was produced in spiritual, religious, and political contexts, and cannot be abstracted from them.
Electromagnetic torque control for synchronous reluctance motor servo-drive system applied in continuously variable transmission system
Authors: Lin Chih-Hong , Chang Kuo-Tsai
Published: October 2019

Compared with the classical linear controller, the nonlinear controller can result better control performance for the nonlinear uncertainties of the continuously variable transmission (CVT) system which is driven by the synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM). The better control performance can be shown in the nonlinear uncertainties behavior of CVT system by using the proposed novel admixed improved recurrent Hermite polynomial neural network (AIRHPNN) control system. The novel AIRRHPNN control system can carry out overlooker control, improved recurrent Hermite polynomial neural network control (IRHPNN) with an adaptive law, and reimbursed control with an appraised law. Additionally, according to the Lyapunov stability theorem, the adaptive law in the IRHPNN and the appraised law of the eimbursed controller are established. Furthermore, two weights with two varied learning rates according to increment Lyapunov function are derived to help improving convergence. Finally, comparative examples are illustrated by the experimental results to confirm that the proposed control system could be obtained better control performance.
A new quantitative non-destructive testing approach of broken wires for steel wire rope
Authors: Li Xi , Zhang Juwei , Shi Jingzhuo
Published: October 2019

In order to solve the problems including poor signal denoising effect, low recognition rate, and poor real-time performance in wire rope magnetic flux leakage (MFL) testing, this paper proposes a new algorithm combining kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) with compressed sensing wavelet (CSW). Firstly, we consider a new mechanism and regularized orthogonal matching pursuit (ROMP) into CSW, and combine double-density wavelet transform (DD-DWT) to improve the result of wire rope signal noise reduction; Then, an effective normalization method is developed to improve the accuracy of classification. Finally, the detection accuracy and efficiency in wire rope quantitative identification are ameliorated through KELM. The effectiveness and novelties of the proposed algorithms are verified by the experimental platform based on unsaturated magnetic excitation non-destructive testing (NDT) device.
Incidence and Trends of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Corticobasal Syndrome: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Stang Cole D. , Turcano Pierpaolo , Mielke Michelle M. , Josephs Keith A. , Bower James H. , Ahlskog J. Eric , Boeve Bradley F. , Martin Peter R. , Upadhyaya Sudhindra G. , Savica Rodolfo
Published: October 2019

Background:

Few studies have investigated the incidence of PSP and CBS in the population.

Objective:

To examine the incidence of and trends in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS) in a population-based cohort of residents of Olmsted County, MN.

Methods:

We used the 1991-2005 population-based, Olmsted County Parkinsonism-cohort study, defined via the Rochester Epidemiology Project. A movement-disorder specialist reviewed medical records, to confirm PSP and CBS diagnoses.

Results:

We identified 21 patients with these diagnoses 1991-2005 : 18 (85.7%), PSP; 3 (14.3%), CBS. The median diagnosis age was 78 (range: 66-88). 13/21 (62.0%) were male. MRI was performed pre-diagnosis in 11 patients (8 PSP and 3 CBD); 10 showed atrophy consistent with clinical diagnoses. We observed concordance between clinical and pathological diagnoses in two PSP patients who underwent autopsy. Combined incidence for PSP and CBS in Olmsted County was 3.1 per 100,000 person-years (2.6 per 100,000 person-years, PSP; 0.4 per 100,000 person-years, CBS). Incidence was higher in men (4.5, 95% CI, 2.0-7.0) than women (1.8, 95% CI, 0.5-2.9). A combined, significant trend of increasing incidence was observed between 1991 and 2005 (B=0.69, 95% CI 0.42, 0.96, p<0.001). Median time from symptom onset to death among both groups was 6 years (range PSP, 1-10 years; range CBS, 3-8 years).

Conclusions:

The combined incidence for PSP and CBS was 3.1 per 100,000 person-years, higher in men than women. We observed a significant increase in both PSP and CBS, likely due to advancing imaging technology and improved diagnostic ability among physicians.
Biasing the semicircular canal cupula in excitatory direction decreases the gain of the vestibuloocular reflex for head impulses
Authors: Tamás László T. , Obrist Dominik , Avan Paul , Büki Béla
Published: October 2019

BACKGROUND:

It has been shown that cold caloric irrigation decreases the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain in the vertically positioned lateral canal as measured by head impulse testing. This effect is most probably caused by a sustained deflection of the cupula in the inhibitory direction.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of the present experiment was to answer the question if a sustained excitatory deflection increases the gain of the reflex in healthy volunteers.

METHODS:

In order to deflect the cupula, cold caloric irrigation was applied in prone (forward head hanging) position. In this position cold thermal irrigation elicited an excitatory caloric nystagmus with an ipsilateral fast phase.

RESULTS:

When head impulses were applied immediately after cold caloric irrigation, the gain of the VOR decreased in comparison to the values measured before irrigation.

CONCLUSIONS:

Together with the previous results cited above, these data show that biasing the cupula in either direction decreases its sensitivity with respect to high acceleration stimuli. This might occur because the deviation elicits a partial mechanical and electrophysiological saturation of the cupula.
Role of nitric oxide in pathogenesis of tumor growth and its possible application in cancer treatment
Authors: Holotiuk V.V. , Kryzhanivsk A.Y. , Churpiy I.K. , Tataryn B.B. , Ivasiutyn D.Ya.
Published: October 2019

Summary. In this review, the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the pathogenesis of the tumor growth and possibilities of its application in the treatment of cancer patients are analyzed. NO is one of the most important mediators of physiological processes being involved in the regulation of practically all body functions in health and disease. The role of NO in the development of many pathological conditions has been extensively studied and debated in recent years. Today it is clear that NO in relation to malignant tumors may exhibit a dual activity — can stimulate tumor growth and cause an opposite antitumor effect. Effects of NO are mostly dependent on its concentration. At low concentrations, NO could inhibit apoptosis and cause mutations that potentially lead to the formation of malignant growth loci. However, a high concentration of NO appears to be detrimental to malignant cells, in particular under conditions of simultaneous exposure to ionizing radiation. In humans, the inducible NO synthase (iNOS, type II) is the most powerful form of NO synthases (NOS) and has the ability to synthesize large amounts of NO for a long time and exert a protective function. iNOS is expressed in macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, fibroblasts, hepatocytes, and other cell types. In tissue of malignant tumors, the macrophagal iNOS is the main form. Experimental data provide an evidence that activated macrophages and leukocytes, which are the part of peritumorous inflammatory infiltrate, can provide radiosensitization of tumors by direct synthesis of NO and indirectly — through the secretion of cytokines stimulating iNOS activity in cancer cells. Such approach could be useful for the development of new schemes and methods of anticancer therapy based on the activation of endogenous NO biosynthesis pathways.
Моlecular mechanisms of initiation of carcinogenesis in the testis
Authors: Bazalytska S.V. , Persidsky Y. , Romanenko A.M.
Published: October 2019

Summary. In this review, literature data on the study of precancerous changes in testicular tissue and molecular changes, as well as the influence of environmental factors that can initiate carcinogenesis, were analyzed and summarized for the future determination of early diagnosis of germ cell tumors of the testis and the development of preventive measures. The review also discusses the significant new changes presented in the Fourth Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Urogenital Tumors, published in 2016, and modern concepts of the etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases. Among the environmental factors that can initiate carcinogenesis, the most noteworthy are the biological effects of low doses of ionizing radiation, such as the effect of radiation-induced genome instability, which increases the risk of carcinogenesis, the “bystander effect”, and chronic oxidative stress. Disruption of ubiquitin-proteasomal proteolysis, impaired molecular-level components of the blood-testis barrier, and impaired regulatory action of TGF-β on the cell cycle can play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of male infertility and the initiation of carcinogenesis in the testis. The effect of low doses of ionizing radiation as an additional etiological factor leads to changes in the structural, as well as molecular, components of the testis, including epigenetic changes, which can be characterized as environmental pathomorphosis, which leads to impaired spermatogenesis and increased risk of malignancy. Summarizing the literature review data, we can state that patients with blocked spermatogenesis, in which atypical germ cell neoplasia in situ cells are detected in testicular tissue, constitute a group at increased risk of testicular carcinogenesis. The presence of additional etiological factors, such as chronic low doses of ionizing radiation, can initiate the progression of carcinogenesis in the testicle.
PENGUJIAN PERFORMA 2 DEGREE OF FREEDOM UNDERWATER REMOTELY OPERATED VEHICLE (ROV
Authors: Waldiansyah Rian , Sutisna Setya Permana , Ahmad Anton Royanto
Published: October 2019

Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) adalah robot yang dapat bergerak di pesawat yang dikendalikan oleh manusia dari jarak jauh, yang dibuat oleh manusia untuk memfasilitasi pekerjaan manusia untuk eksploitasi bawah air. Penelitian tentang ROV dimaksudkan untuk memungkinkan ROV bergerak sesuai dengan pesanan. Gerakan pada ROV termasuk bergerak maju, mundur, belok kanan dan belok kiri. Sistem kontrol ROV dimulai dengan membuat perintah pada PC (Personal Computer) yang akan memerintahkan dari PC yang akan diterima oleh Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno untuk diteruskan ke L293D Shield Motor dan Modul Bluetooth HC-05 untuk menggerakkan Motor DC pada ROV. Data yang dibuat pada PC dalam bentuk data serial akan dipanggil dan dibaca oleh Mikrokontroler Arduino Uno dan akan dilakukan dengan Bluetooth pada VT SmartPhone, ROV dapat dicocokkan dengan instruksi dari aplikasi pada smartphone dan untuk memasok daya Arduino menggunakan Power Bank. Dari hasil pengujian RPM didapat bahwa nilai rata-rata dari setiap pergerak ROV (maju, mundur, belok kanan dan kiri) tidak terlalu jauh berbeda. Nilai gerakan maju yaitu 4618 rpm, mundur yaitu 4929 rpm, kanan 6125 rpm, dan kiri 5142 rpm. Selain itu, perbandingan nilai energi kinetik dari setiap pergerakan ROV tidak jauh berbeda. Untuk gerakan maju memiliki energi kinetic 0,0087 J dan gerakan mundur yaitu 0,0041 J. 
The Impact of Flipped Classroom Instruction on Iranian Upper-Intermediate EFL Learners' Writing Skill
Authors: Abedi Parisa , Namaziandost Ehsan , Akbari Samira
Published: October 2019

This study attempted to examine the effects of flipped classroom instruction on Iranian EFL learners’ writing skill. To fulfill the objective of the study, 48 Iranian upper-intermediate participants were selected through administrating the Oxford Quick Placement Test (OQPT). Then, they were divided into two groups; one experimental group and one control group. Then, both groups were pretested by a writing test. After that, the researcher put the participants of the experimental group in a flipped classroom. The flipped classroom was equipped with Internet, computer and projector and participants in this classroom were allowed to bring their Smartphones to the classroom and use them during learning. The control group was exposed to traditional instruction in the class. This procedure continued till the last session. The results of independent samples t-test and one-way ANCOCA revealed that the experimental group outperformed the control group on the post-test. In addition, the results showed that there was a significant difference between the performances of the experimental group and the control group on the post-test.
The Impact of International Capital Flows on Jordan’s Economic Growth
Authors: Lozi Basem M. , Shakatreh Mamoun
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of international capital flows on the economic growth in Jordan during the period from 2005 to 2017, The study also examines trends and composition of capital inflows. The study used descriptive analytical research method which was appropriate for the purpose of research. By using time series data, the study found that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), foreign portfolio investment (FPI), grants (Gr) and Worker remittances (WR) are positively affecting the economic growth direct contribution. Based on the research results, the study came with a several recommendations, the most important recommendation is; the government of Jordan should create and relax the rules and regulations to attract more investors, and also the government should work hand in hand with the developed countries to create economic and employment opportunities, improve the country’s competitiveness, and expand growth within the private sector so that everyone in Jordan has the opportunity to contribute to a brighter future.
Livestock production systems in the marginal upland and lowland areas of Inopacan Leyte, Eastern Visayas, Philippines
Authors: Come Warren , Zamora Philippine Dianne
Published: October 2019

The study was conducted to obtain a baseline data of different livestock production systems, vegetation survey and animal environment interactions in the marginal upland in Eastern Visayas. A total of 280 farmer respondents were interviewed using an interview questionnaire. Vegetation species were gathered and validated with its genus and species group. Animal environment interactions particularly with chicken were also assessed. Results showed that chickens were the dominant species present in the study sites compared to other species. But in terms of total livestock units (TLU), buffaloes have higher TLU compared to other species of animals. Farmer’s income is mostly from the agricultural income with less than 20% of agricultural income was obtained from livestock farming. Livestock only serves as buffer income incase crops will fail. Different husbandry systems are used by the farmers such as free range system for chicken, ducks and turkeys while pigs are raised in confinement or caged system. Ruminant productions are raised in a tethering system of production. Natural breeding practice is still practiced by farmers and traditional animal health practices are still evident in this marginal upland. Ruminants graze in different vegetation diversity in grasslands and under the coconut trees. Likewise, plant residues of banana, coconut and root crops are also used as feed resources of farmer respondents. Grass and herb species that are palatable to the animals are diverse also especially in grassland areas. Availability of feed resources in the area plays a crucial role also on how animals interact with the environment and may affect also with their feeding behavior when there are changes in the climatic conditions. Preliminary result of the study on animal environment interaction shows that chickens tend to change their feeding itineraries due to availability of feed resources, environmental temperature and rainfall.
Fabrication and Evaluation of a Solar Dryer Made From Twin-Wall Clear Polycarbonate Sheets
Authors: Tan Daniel Leslie , Cinto Benjamin
Published: October 2019

This study evaluated the newly designed and fabricated solar dryer based form the following design criteria 1) made of locally available materials, 2) easy to maintain and low maintenance cost, 3) portable, 4) products to be dried should not be exposed to rain and foreign elements (should be clean), and 5) able to dry faster than sun drying method. A solar dryer was fabricated and made mainly of twin-wall polycarbonate sheets with angle bar framing, with 3 layers of removable aluminum screen trays with aluminum framing. It has 3 solar heat collectors that provided additional heat to the drying chambers. Results of the evaluation showed that the maximum average drying temperature attained in the chambers of the solar dryer was 67.6⁰C or an increase of 32.2⁰C from the average highest average outside temperature of 35.4⁰C. When the solar heat collectors were removed, the solar dryer was able to attain an average maximum temperature of 57.5⁰C or an increase of 24.5⁰C from an average outside temperature of 33.0⁰C. When evaluated to dry fresh saluyot (Corchorus olitorius L) leaves (Initial MC of 89.58%) and sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam) tops (Initial MC of 94.50%), the solar dryer in 2.33 hours reduced the moisture content, wet basis, of the to an average saluyot of 26.54% as compared to the sun drying method which reduced it to an average of 47.14% The performance of the dryer will be evaluated further using other available products in the uplands.
Participatory Assessment of Resources and Needs of Upland Communities: A Case in Inopacan, Leyte, Philippines
Authors: Bales Milagros , Cagasan Editha , Asio Ma. Victoria Stephane , Baculfo Junette Dawn , Flandez Loren Gemali , Ramos Arsenio , Come Warren
Published: October 2019

Experiences of past projects show that interventions would more likely succeed if these are designed considering the needs and resources of the target beneficiaries. To achieve this end, participatory rural appraisals (PRAs) were conducted in three barangays of Inopacan, Leyte with marginal upland areas. The PRAs were participated by 64 community representing almost all sectors. Tools used residents in data gathering were seasonal calendar, historical timeline, Venn diagram, household labor allocation, household decision-making, livelihood analysis, and problem tree analysis. Results showed that residents’ main livelihood are farming and livestock raising. Major crops planted are coconut, corn, rootcrops, and banana; while animals raised include goats, swine, native chickens and carabaos. Due to limited water supply in the barangays, farmers have to depend on rainfed farming system. To augment family income, some women engage in backyard gardening, and in food processing and selling. Results also revealed that they have experienced problems like infertile soils, and Brontispa longissimi infestation which reduced productivity of coconut. The FGD participants expressed that many people in their locality need other livelihood options to supplement their unstable income from coconut. The livelihood activities that can be enhanced through trainings and technical assistance include farming, animal raising and food processing. Results have implication in planning for more sustainable resource-based management.
Indigenous Knowledge, Agricultural Practices and Adaptation in the Marginal Uplands: The Case of Brgy. Linao, Inopacan, Leyte
Authors: Salomon Jedess Miladel , Tulin Annabella , Monderondo Janice Marie
Published: October 2019

This study documented how upland farm households make use of the available, albeit meager, resources in their environment. Through focus groups discussions, household interviews and observation, it attempts to understand how they make use of their intimate knowledge of their surroundings to make a livelihood. More than half of the 30 households included in the study were tenants. Their agricultural practices were based on traditional beliefs and years of observation and experience on when to plant, how to ensure a bountiful harvest, soil management and pest control. Crops which are drought-resistant and require no agro-chemicals were preferred. Moreover, they classified soil based on color and texture. This was their guide in planting certain crops in each type of soil. It was common for them to have two or more sources of income because farm produce was not enough to meet their basic needs. These include wage laboring and selling of goods.
This case study illustrates the importance of indigenous or local knowledge to agriculture by providing farm households with adaptive strategies. It is therefore important that this knowledge system be taken into account in the development and implementation of programs which aim to improve the agricultural and economic productivity of farm households in marginal uplands.
Fuel Properties of Butanol – Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil Blends as a Diesel Extender Option for Internal Combustion Engines
Authors: Zöldy Máté
Published: October 2019

European legislation and new engine technologies require better quality in fuels, and the diesel scandal pushes engine and fuel developers to investigate new solutions. The decrease of fossil energy sources and the new, stricter emission regulations necessitate the discovery of renewable sources. Biofuels are an obvious solution to replace fossil fuels in a more environmentally conscious way. This study presents a new approach with the analytical investigation of butanol, hydrogenated vegetable oil, and diesel oil blends.In the presented phase of the research, our focus was on the most application- critical chemical properties of the fuels, to analyze if the three component blends are suitable for compression ignition engines. A wide-ranging chemical-analytical test plan was prepared with nearly 20 parameters measured of the chemical and physical parameters of blends, especially regarding flash point, cetane number, viscosity and cold filter plugging point (CFPP).The findings prove that from an engine-critical characteristics point of view butanol – hydrogenated vegetable oil – diesel blends are a potential solution, as HVO and butanol counterbalance its critical parameters.