bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Difficult-to-Treat Concept in Psoriatic Arthritis: Analysis of 2 Potential Definitions in a Large Group of Patients. A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Perrotta Fabio Massimo , Gentileschi Stefano , Scriffignano Silvia , Terribili Riccardo , Bianchi Elena , Frediani Bruno , Lubrano Ennio
Published: July 2024

Objective

The main aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of 2 proposed criteria for difficult-to-treat (D2T) psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in a group of patients and to evaluate the agreement between the 2 sets of criteria.

Methods

We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 2 longitudinal cohorts of patients with PsA fulfilling the Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis (CASPAR), with at least 1 year of follow-up. A detailed medical history was collected and a physical examination was performed for all recruited patients. The proposed criteria for patients with D2T PsA were applied in our group. To test the performance of the 2 sets of criteria, we used an external validator (absence of patient acceptable symptom state + physician global assessment ≥ 6 cm). Finally, the agreement between the 2 sets of criteria was assessed.

Results

We evaluated 378 patients with PsA (219 male/159 female), with a mean age (range) of 58 (19-75) years. Seventy-five (19.8%) patients fulfilled the D2T criteria proposed by Perrotta et al and 58 (15.3%) the D2T criteria proposed by Kumthekar et al. Both criteria showed comparable performance, with low sensitivity (Perrotta: 37.8%, Kumthekar: 29.7%) but good specificity (Perrotta: 82.1%, Kumthekar: 86.2%). Finally, the agreement between the 2 sets of criteria is substantial (Fleiss0.72), suggesting that both criteria identify nearly the same group of patients.

Conclusion

Our study compared 2 published sets of criteria showing comparable performance and substantial agreement. This study may pave the way for further research in this field.
Young-GRAPPA 2023: The Future Is Bright
Authors: Johnsson Hanna J. , Ayan Gizem , Coras Roxana , Grynszpan Rachel , Herrera Sebastián , Jethwa Hannah , Silva Dimitri L.F. , Mulder Michelle , Simon David , Vivekanantham Arani , van Mens Leonieke , Proft Fabian
Published: July 2024

Two years after its inception, Young Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (Y-GRAPPA) has established itself as a productive network for junior investigators and clinicians. The group’s achievements in the last year include updating the educational GRAPPA slide library, the “Bring a Derm” campaign to expand the GRAPPA community to include more dermatologists, and the publication of multiple “Do Not Miss” newsletters covering the highlights on PsDs from the major international conferences (American Academy of Dermatology [AAD] Annual Meeting, European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology [EULAR] Congress, European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology [EADV] Congress, and American College of Rheumatology [ACR] Convergence).
Insights and Innovations: A Review of the GRAPPA 2023 Trainee Symposium
Authors: Husni M. Elaine , Cheemalavagu Shashank , Armstrong April W. , Eder Lihi
Published: July 2024

The Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) 2023 annual meeting started with the trainee symposium. This symposium showcased the exceptional research activities of dermatology and rheumatology trainees in the field of psoriatic diseases (PsDs). The following report is a summary account of the 5 oral presentations and 21 poster presentations that earned the privilege of being featured at our annual meeting. These presentations span a comprehensive spectrum, encompassing basic/translational, clinical, and outcomes research, which collectively underscore GRAPPA’s profound impact on both national and international fronts in the realm of PsDs.
Biomarkers in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis: Where Are We Now?
Authors: Chandran Vinod , Liao Wilson , de Vlam Kurt
Published: July 2024

At the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) 2023 annual conference and trainee symposium, the status of psoriatic disease (PsD) biomarkers was discussed in a workshop. The significant heterogeneity of PsD causes disease management to be very challenging, but biomarkers can prove helpful in disease diagnosis, stratification, and precision medicine. Although a few potential biomarkers have been discovered, none have been fully validated. Recent studies have used omic technologies that show promise but need further verification and validation. Many challenges remain, but the anticipated results of studies being conducted by recently established large consortia may lead to the identification of clinically actionable biomarkers.
How to Involve Patients in GRAPPA Research as Partners
Authors: de Wit Maarten , Chau Jeffrey , Grieb Suzanne M.
Published: July 2024

Patient research partners (PRPs) have been actively participating in the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) annual meetings, working groups, and research activities since 2013. As they have evolved, the PRPs operate as a cohesive group supported by their GRAPPA-approved handbook and policy documents. The number of involved PRPs has increased, allowing more opportunity for the incorporation of the patient voice and experience in GRAPPA activities. In the GRAPPA proceedings, PRPs regularly report on their involvement in the meetings and research projects. During a 30-minute plenary session at the GRAPPA 2023 annual meeting, attendees were informed about the evolving roles of PRPs in GRAPPA and beyond and were asked to provide feedback on their experience and opinions regarding PRP involvement in psoriatic disease research. Here we report the key messages of the session, including polling results, examples of PRP involvement, and ongoing challenges.
GRAPPA 2023 Patient Research Partner (PRP) Network Update: Enhancing PRP Involvement Within GRAPPA
Authors: Katz Arnon , de Wit Maarten , Lindsay Christine
Published: July 2024

Nine patient research partners (PRPs) attended the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) 2023 annual meeting in person in Dublin, Ireland. The importance of close relations between researchers, clinicians, and PRPs was highlighted at the PRP premeeting, with discussion regarding PRP engagement within GRAPPA with the GRAPPA leadership team. A presentation was given by PRPs at the plenary session, and there was continued active engagement of PRPs in breakout sessions, workshops, and plenary sessions compared to previous annual meetings. The GRAPPA PRP Network is committed to supporting the GRAPPA mission and contributing the unique perspectives of dedicated, knowledgeable individuals with the lived experience of psoriatic disease. This report provides a summary of the GRAPPA PRP Network meetings at the GRAPPA 2023 annual meeting and the continued commitment of the GRAPPA PRP Network to enhance PRP involvement within GRAPPA activities.
Hot Topics: Depression in Individuals With Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Goel Niti , Wallace Elizabeth B. , Lindsay Christine
Published: July 2024

Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are associated with an increased risk of mental health conditions such as depression and anxiety. People with psoriatic disease (PsD) are also more likely to die by suicide than those without. Mood disorders affect people with PsD in a multitude of ways, such as in effectiveness of care, response to treatment, remission rates, and quality of life. Although the links between PsD and mental health conditions have not been fully elucidated, this review will highlight recent studies investigating shared biologic mechanisms between depression and PsD. Since mental health disorders can be assessed and treated effectively, dermatologists and rheumatologists should be aware of the mental health burden in individuals with PsD to accomplish the following: (1) educate their patients with PsD about this association, (2) screen for mental health conditions on an ongoing basis in their clinical practice, (3) refer their patients with PsD to a mental health professional when needed, and (4) ensure selection of a safe PsD treatment in the setting of comorbid mental health disease. Finally, important treatment considerations for individuals with PsD and depression are reviewed. This topic was presented at the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) 2023 annual meeting.
Advancing Basic and Translational Science: Highlights From the Basic Science Workshop at the GRAPPA 2023 Annual Meeting
Authors: Husni M. Elaine , Sun Chris , Chandrasekharan Unnikrishnan M. , Hwang Samuel T.
Published: July 2024

Contemporary translational and clinical research advances in psoriatic disease (PsD) were highlighted at the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) 2023 annual meeting basic science workshop. This year’s workshop focused on key topics, including the significance of the annual GRAPPA meetings as a platform for collaboration and knowledge exchange. Discussions centered around expanding our understanding of tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) treatment in PsD and enhancing early detection strategies for PsD comorbidities, specifically for the timely intervention and management of cardiovascular (CV) comorbidities. Insights on the role of the C-C chemokine receptor type 6 (CCR6) in PsD and psoriatic arthritis were provided, suggesting that blockade of CCR6 can reduce psoriasis-like dermatitis and joint inflammation in mouse models.
Putnam, le réel, le rationnel et le naturel
Authors: Galinon Henri
Published: July 2024

Nous proposons dans cet article de revenir de façon synthétique sur l’évolution de la philosophie de la vérité de Putnam. Par-delà le paradoxe apparent de sa fidélité revendiquée à un naturalisme qu’il n’a pourtant cessé de redéfinir en profondeur, notre lecture porte sur la continuité de l’effort de Putnam pour articuler philosophiquement les normes qui opèrent à l’intérieur de la pensée scientifique, à partir d’une réflexion sur la réalité des relations représentationnelles.
Enveloppes psychiques et rythme : développement de l’enfant et clinique de l’autisme
Authors: Camparo Avila Daniel
Published: July 2024

Considérant l’enveloppe psychique comme une différentiation primaire du Moi, capable de produire une stabilisation des forces pulsionnelles, cet article cherche à analyser la dimension rythmique de ces enveloppes. Prenant comme point de départ l’idée que l’objet contenant doit garantir une rythmicité des expériences, il présente le rôle des rythmes dans les processus impliqués dans la construction des enveloppes psychiques tout au long du développement de l’enfant. Ensuite il aborde ces aspects par rapport à l’autisme, proposant un cas clinique, suivi d’une discussion sur l’adéquation de la notion de rythme pour la compréhension des enveloppes psychiques et sa pertinence pour la clinique de l’autisme.
Une démocratie irrégulière ? Sur la dénonciation des fraudes électorales aux États-Unis
Authors: Ihl Olivier
Published: July 2024

Depuis une vingtaine d’années, l’instrumentalisation du thème de la fraude électorale scande la vie politique aux États-Unis. Elle exacerbe la polarisation de l’électorat et érode la confiance dans l’intégrité des scrutins. Cet article interroge le soubassement historique et politique de cette mobilisation qui, élection après élection, a pris une ampleur inégalée. Que recouvre le défi consistant pour les deux grands partis à prétendre réguler des atteintes au droit de suffrage ? Ces stratégies peuvent au besoin se nourrir de croyance et de désinformation. Reste qu’elles relèvent d’un réformisme partisan, c’est-à-dire, de revendications longuement mûries pour changer les règles du jeu au profit de l’intérêt immédiat de chaque parti. Au risque de dresser la performance électorale contre l’intérêt public, la victoire dans les urnes contre l’État de droit.
Terroirs communs et dynamiques agraires : une analyse comparée de l’histoire agraire récente du Burkina Faso, de l’Équateur et de l’Inde
Authors: Bainville Sébastien , Aubron Claire , Philippon Olivier
Published: July 2024

Cet article vise à réhabiliter les « vieux » concepts de la géographie rurale que sont les finages et les terroirs. Bien qu’anciens, ils n’en sont pas devenus désuets pour autant et s’avèrent extrêmement utiles pour saisir la place des communs fonciers dans les dynamiques agraires contemporaines. Par leur dimension à la fois technique et socio-économique ils permettent de dépasser l’opposition trop simple entre le collectif et le privé pour traiter des questions foncières. Ces concepts ont été mobilisés dans le cadre de recherches menées au cours des vingt dernières années dans des contextes variés : sud-ouest du Burkina Faso, nord des Andes équatoriennes, ouest et sud de l’Inde. Au-delà de leurs particularités, ces régions ont pour point commun d’avoir connu au cours de leur histoire récente une organisation des finages agricoles suivant le modèle ager - saltus-silva . L’analyse de ces situations tropicales contemporaines fournit de nouveaux éléments sur l’origine et la disparition de ce type de finages. Surtout, cette recherche comparative invite à repenser le rôle des terroirs d’usage commun dans les dynamiques agraires. Loin d’être de simples compléments, les communs se sont révélés indispensables à la constitution de terroirs « privés ». Il en résulte que contrairement au rôle redistributif qu’on leur attribue souvent ils ont été au cœur des processus de domination, de différenciation et d’exclusion au sein du monde paysan. Depuis la révolution verte, ils sont devenus des zones refuges pour les exclus de l’intensification ou des réserves écologiques où toute activité agricole est proscrite.
Le rôle des proximités au sein d’un réseau d’acteurs territorialisé dans l’émergence et la gestion d’un commun : le cas d’une expérimentation « Territoires zéro chômeur de longue durée »
Authors: Retsin Camille , Petrella Francesca
Published: July 2024

Partant de l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’expérimentation « Territoires zéro chômeur de longue durée  » peut être étudiée sous le prisme des communs, notre objectif est d’abord de comprendre en quoi TZC pourrait être un commun dans son essence pour ensuite analyser au niveau territorial comment les proximités créées, entretenues ou renforcées au sein d’un réseau d’acteurs coopérant peuvent faciliter – ou non – la construction et la gestion de ce commun dans le temps. Croiser l’analyse des communs et celle des proximités permet de questionner le processus de construction d’une action collective à partir de la coopération entre acteurs hétérogènes et de l’adoption d’un système de règles et de normes partagé autour de la gestion d’un commun sur le territoire. À partir d’une étude de cas longitudinale sur l’un des dix premiers territoires expérimentaux, notre travail met, entre autres, en exergue la manière dont le manque de proximité institutionnelle entre les acteurs (compris comme le manque de valeurs partagées) vient entraver la gestion de l’expérimentation comme un commun.
Comparison of Objective Visual Quality Following SMILE and SmartPulse Technology-Assisted TransPRK at a 1,050-Hz Ablation Frequency for Moderate-to-High Myopia
Authors: Zhao Dian , Yuan Zheng , Yang Xiao-Ying , Zhou Chun-Yang
Published: July 2024

Purpose:

To compare the objective visual quality of moderate-to-high myopia corrected by small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK) at a 1,050-Hz ablation frequency, assisted by Smart-Pulse technology (SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions).

Methods:

This study involved 123 patients (123 eyes) with moderate-to-high myopia between July 2020 and January 2021. They were categorized into the SMILE group (67 patients, 67 eyes) and the TransPRK group (56 patients, 56 eyes). Follow-ups were conducted at 6 months postoperatively to record the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity, and the Strehl ratio and higher order aberrations were measured using the Sirius anterior segment analysis device (SCHWIND eye-tech-solutions) under a 6-mm pupil diameter at various postoperative intervals.

Results:

At 1 week and 1 month postoperatively, the uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) in the SMILE group was superior to that in the TransPRK group (
P
< .05 for both). At 1 week and 1 month postoperatively, the Strehl ratio value in the SMILE group was higher than that in the TransPRK group (
P
< .05 for both). At 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively, coma was greater in the SMILE group than in the TransPRK group (
P
< .05 for all). Spherical aberrations were lower in the SMILE group than in the TransPRK group at 3 and 6 months postoperatively (
P
< .05). At 6 months postoperatively, UDVA was −0.09 ± 0.08 and −0.11 ± 0.05 logMAR in the SMILE and TransPRK groups, respectively, which exceeded their preoperative corrected distance visual acuity of −0.05 ± 0.04 and −0.09 ± 0.08 logMAR (all
P
< .001). Compared with preoperative values, the Strehl ratio, total higher order, coma, and spherical aberration differences were significantly increased postoperatively in both groups (all
P
< .001).

Conclusions:

Both surgical methods improved UDVA and each had its advantages. The visual quality of SMILE was superior at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively (Strehl ratio values were higher than those of the TransPRK group), and its spherical aberration was lower than that of the TransPRK group at 3 and 6 months; TransPRK with SmartPulse technology with a 1,050-Hz ablation frequency showed that coma was significantly lower than that of the SMILE group at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(7):e490–e498.]
Postoperative Visual Function of Extended Depth-of-Focus Intraocular Lenses Versus Monofocal Lenses
Authors: Komatsu Koji , Masuda Yoichiro , Tachibana Sei , Sano Kei , Iida Masanobu , Ichihara Kosuke , Oki Tetutaro , Fukai Kota , Tatemichi Masayuki , Nakano Tadashi
Published: July 2024

Purpose:

To assess the effects of intraocular lens (IOL) decentration and tilt, as well as age, on postoperative visual function (corrected distance visual acuity [CDVA] and contrast sensitivity) by comparing an extended depth-of-focus IOL using higher order aspheric optics against a monofocal IOL from the same platform.

Methods:

This retrospective observational study targeted patients without other eye diseases who underwent surgery to implant the Tecnis Eyhance OptiBlue or the monofocal IOL Tecnis OptiBlue 1-Piece (J&J Vision) during cataract surgery from November 2021 to December 2022. The effects of age, axial length, IOL decentration, tilt, and corneal higher order aberrations (HOAs) on the postoperative 5 m CDVA and area under log contrast sensitivity function (AULCSF) under photopic and scotopic conditions were evaluated within 3 months of surgery.

Results:

No significant difference was found in postoperative CDVA between the Tecnis Eyhance OptiBlue group (n = 61 eyes) and the Tecnis OptiBlue 1-Piece group (n = 35 eyes), but AULCSF was significantly better in the Tecnis Eyhance OptiBlue group for photopic (1.58 ± 0.13 vs 1.46 ± 0.18;
P
= .002) and scotopic (1.71 ± 0.11 vs 1.59 ± 0.19;
P
= .002) eyes. Multivariate analysis showed a negative correlation between AULCSF and IOL decentration and age in the Tecnis Eyhance OptiBlue group (
P
< .01), with no significant correlation with tilt, axial length, and corneal HOAs.

Conclusions:

The Tecnis Eyhance OptiBlue yielded significantly better contrast sensitivity under photopic and scotopic conditions than the Tecnis OptiBlue 1-Piece. However, it is important to consider the effects of IOL decentration and age when evaluating the contrast sensitivity of the Tecnis Eyhance OptiBlue.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2024;40(7):e499–e505.]
Assessment of rock mass properties and load-bearing potential in low-grade metamorphic rocks: A study from the Tigray region, Ethiopia
Authors: Kidanu Shishay T , Berhane Gebremedhin , Amare Mogos , Kebede Mulubrhan
Published: July 2024

This study presents an engineering geological investigation aimed at assessing the bearing capacity of the proposed site for the Meli gold processing plant (GPP) located in the northwestern region of Tigray, Ethiopia. The geological composition of the site predominantly comprises low-grade metamorphic rocks, with intermediate metavolcanic rocks being the most prevalent. This research utilized an innovative combination of empirical methodologies, including the Hoek–Brown and Mohr–Coulomb criteria, to evaluate the strength and elasticity characteristics of the rock mass. Additionally, the rock mass foundation for the GPP was rigorously classified using renowned systems such as the rock mass rating (RMR), quality index (Q), and geological strength index (GSI). Employing five different empirical equations to estimate bearing capacity, this study significantly advances our understanding by comparing these diverse methodologies, which is a novel approach in this geological context where engineering property data are scarce or non-existent. The bearing capacities determined using the Hoek–Brown and Mohr–Coulomb criteria ranged from 11.6 to 46.2 MPa and 7.9 to 10.5 MPa, respectively. These findings not only offer valuable insights into the assessment of bearing capacity in metamorphic rock formations but also underscore the effectiveness of combining multiple empirical approaches to enhance the reliability of geological assessments. This research contributes to the advancement of construction practices and enhances project planning strategies in comparable geological environments, particularly highlighting the utility of robust empirical data in the absence of extensive drilling data. By integrating comprehensive empirical analyses, the study provides a methodological framework that significantly aids in informed decision-making for future projects located in similar geological settings.
Martingale transforms in martingale Hardy spaces with variable exponents
Authors: Ma Tao , Lu Jianzhong , Wu Xia
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we considered the boundedness of Burkholder's martingale transforms for martingale Hardy spaces with variable exponents. In addition, through martingale transforms, some characterizations of predictable variable exponent martingale Hardy spaces were also provided.
De l’histoire à la fiction : la réception des Memoirs of the Life of Colonel Hutchinson
Authors: Gheeraert-Graffeuille Claire
Published: July 2024

Composée entre 1664 et 1667 par Lucy Hutchinson, « The Life of John Hutchinson » ne fut publiée qu’en 1806 sous le titre Memoirs of the Life of Colonel Hutchinson. Entre ces deux dates, le manuscrit, aujourd’hui conservé aux Archives du Nottinghamshire, circula peu, à cause des idées républicaines qu’il véhiculait. Lorsque les Memoirs furent enfin publiés en 1806, ils connurent un vaste succès éditorial, et furent réédités et réimprimés tout au long du XIXe siècle. À partir des années 1830, des œuvres dérivées apparurent : versions abrégées des Memoirs, nombreuses biographies de Lucy Hutchinson, mais aussi – jusqu’au XXIe siècle – quelques romans et pièces de théâtre. L’objet de cette étude est d’examiner les lectures et les appropriations qu’a suscitées la première édition des Memoirs. Alors que Lucy Hutchinson rejette le genre romanesque pour privilégier l’histoire, il apparaît que cette lecture historique à laquelle elle aspirait est, dès en 1806, concurrencée par des lectures sentimentales et domestiques. Cet article sur la réception des Memoirs montre que les raisons de la déshistoricisation et de la fictionnalisation des Memoirs résident dans leur hybridité générique et dans l’invitation insistante qui est faite aux lecteurs du XIXe siècle de lire les Memoirs comme un roman historique.
¡Que maten al papagayo acusador!
Authors: Fidalgo Francisco Elvira
Published: July 2024

En los cuentos medievales de origen oriental figura el papagayo como un ave con capacidad de hablar como los humanos. Esta característica lo convierte en protagonista de algunos relatos porque le permite actuar como espía para el marido celoso, pero, en última instancia, esa será la causa de su muerte ya que el ave caerá en la trampa de la astuta esposa espiada. En esta intervención se trazará un breve recorrido desde los cuentos del Calila e Dimna y el Sendebar castellanos hasta sus derivaciones posteriores y se analizarán las causas de la sustitución del colorido papagayo por la más vulgar urraca en estos textos más tardíos, ya plenamente peninsulares.
Perros rabiosos y osos violadores: la violencia animal en las relaciones de sucesos (siglos XVII-XIX)
Authors: González Fernández Luis
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo estudia una decena de relaciones de sucesos compuestas entre los siglos XVII y XIX, en las que se narran, ya en prosa ya en verso, acontecimientos violentos en relación con animales feroces. Algunos textos fueron impresos en Francia y los restantes en diversas ciudades españolas. Se intenta observar las características comunes de estas formas de literatura breve, así como señalar algunas de sus diferencias. Se pone especial énfasis en las escenas en las que se manifiesta la violencia cometida por animales, generalmente perros, o ejercida contra ellos, en el caso de un oso monstruoso.
La mujer china, ¿una “perfecta casada” en Oriente? Imágenes del serrallo chino en textos españoles, siglos XVI-XVIII
Authors: Soulier Eliette
Published: July 2024

Este artículo tiene por objetivo analizar las representaciones del serrallo chino contenidas en textos informativos y de ficción publicados en castellano en la España peninsular entre los siglos XVI y XVIII. A menudo considerado como un lugar de reclusión y aislamiento de un grupo social – mujeres – por el que ejerce el poder – el esposo polígamo –, el serrallo fue descrito casi exclusivamente por hombres europeos, que eran así doblemente ajenos a la realidad que describían. Además, el imaginario del serrallo en general fue intrínsecamente influido por la visión orientalista del serrallo del sultán turco. Por eso, queremos estudiar la manera como las representaciones españolas del harén chino fueron construidas teniendo en cuenta dicha influencia, examinando las posibles diferencias en función de los géneros textuales, lo que nos revelan sobre la época en la que nacieron, y lo que pueden aportar a nuestra reflexión sobre las nociones de reclusión y libertad.
Devenir propriétaire pour échapper aux discriminations ?
Authors: Palomares Elise , Perraudin Anna , Shahrokni Shirin
Published: July 2024

Être propriétaire de son logement ou chercher à le devenir peut être considéré comme des marqueurs de l’ascension sociale et d’une « intégration réussie ». En France, près d’un tiers des populations immigrées sont propriétaires, une proportion stable depuis 30 ans, malgré d’importants contrastes de statut résidentiel en fonction des origines. Les premiers résultats d’une enquête qualitative, adossée à la post-enquête TeO2, menée auprès d’une quinzaine de personnes immigrées racisées propriétaires de leur logement en Île-de-France, permettent d’interroger les différents types de relation à l’achat du logement, et la répercussion d’inégalités relevant de la migration et des relations ethnico-raciales sur sur le processus d’acquisition.
Femmes, descendantes d’immigré·es originaires de Turquie à Berlin et à Paris : des transclasses racisées ?
Authors: Salzmann Zara
Published: July 2024

En Allemagne comme en France, les descendantes d’immigré·es originaires de Turquie subissent des expériences de minorisation complexes fondées sur le manque ou le trop-plein de visibilité au sein de la société. L’étude de la mobilité sociale ascendante de ces femmes dans les deux pays permet de relever le poids des discriminations qu’elles rencontrent dans le cadre scolaire et professionnel. Le racisme anti-turc exacerbé en Allemagne ou les stigmatisations, plus feutrées mais tout aussi mortifères, qui ont cours en France sont autant de freins à la mobilité que leurs parcours de vie ont entrepris de faire céder.
De l’inventaire à la patrimonialisation d’une histoire vivante
Authors: Bergounhon Justine , Yelles Hédia
Published: July 2024

À l’occasion de la commémoration des quarante ans de la Marche pour l’égalité et contre le racisme de 1983, le Musée national de l’histoire de l’immigration (MNHI) a lancé, au cours de l’été 2023, un appel à collecte national à destination des institutions patrimoniales et des acteurs associatifs impliqués, pour certains de longue date, dans les luttes sociales. C’est précisément dans cette longue histoire militante que s’inscrit la Marche pour l’égalité et contre le racisme.
Lass disparaît
Authors: Varjabédian Houri , Chartron Marie , Trocker Anouschka
Published: July 2024

Une enquête documentaire et sonore sur les traces de Louisa Aslanian, écrivaine et résistante arménienne.
« Recueillir leur histoire pour comprendre un peu la nôtre »
Authors: Harzoune Mustapha , Amara Aïda , Amara Slimane
Published: July 2024

Revenir, documentaire de 26 minutes réalisé par Aïda Amara, raconte le retour de son père, Slimane Amara, dans son village natal, en Kabylie. Il n’était pas retourné en Algérie depuis… 43 ans !
Chimen an nou, une carte contributive pour se rapprocher du territoire
Authors: Baudinière Bertilla , Lacour Jeanne
Published: July 2024

Chimen an nou vise à développer la pratique de la marche et du vélo au quotidien sur le territoire de la communauté d’agglomération de Cap Excellence en Guadeloupe. Un outil numérique contributif est associé à un travail de terrain et à des événements publics afin de faire circuler les connaissances sensibles du territoire et d’inviter à l’expérience de nouveaux déplacements. Cet article présente le dialogue qui a eu lieu entre les pratiques individuelles et collectives, les expériences sensibles, les outils numériques, les architectes urbanistes, l’expert SIG, les habitants et les pouvoirs publics. Nous verrons d’abord la façon dont le numérique a accompagné le projet tout au long du processus et lui a permis d’évoluer, puis comment l’utilisation de technologies open source a permis de répondre à l’enjeu d’appropriabilité du projet par les habitants et enfin le lien entre le partage de fragments d’expériences de paysage sur une carte numérique et la diffusion de pratiques sur le terrain.
Ouvrir le champ des possibles. Comment les pratiques paysagistes entrent en agriculture ?
Authors: Voisin Lolita , Cénet Amélie , Génuite Inès , Viaud Valérie
Published: July 2024

Les pratiques paysagistes sont en constante évolution. Récemment, les sujets ruraux, plus spécifiquement les questions agricoles, semblent avoir gagné les réflexions paysagistes et intéressé jeunes professionnels et acteurs territoriaux. Des politiques récentes, comme le Programme national pour l’alimentation (PNA) en 2019, les phases régulières de décentralisation, la crise sanitaire en 2020-2021 et énergétique ou le dérèglement climatique semblent accélérer ce processus. À partir de l’intégralité des travaux de fin d’études de l’École de la nature et du paysage (ENP) de Blois, travaux menés lors de la cinquième et dernière année des étudiants, l’étude analyse l’évolution et la proportion des sujets portant sur l’agriculture et la manière dont les enjeux agricoles sont intégrés à l’exercice le plus long de la formation de paysagiste concepteurs. Les trajectoires professionnelles d’anciens élèves sont étudiées afin de documenter le transfert des réflexions menées depuis l’école vers les pratiques professionnelles.
‘This sad pastiche’: Texts and Contexts in Richard Flanagan’s Gould’s Book of Fish
Authors: Pons Xavier
Published: July 2024

Gould’s Book of Fish, with its multi-layered structure, is made up of a plurality of texts – stories ascribed to protagonists as well as intertexts through which scores of other books are enfolded into Flanagan’s own. The novel is in large part a historical one, dealing as it does with the penal settlement at Sarah Island in early nineteenth-century Tasmania, and with other colonial ventures too. The historical contexts give it much of its resonance but they are in many ways a pretext to develop a conversation between the past and the present, and between history and fiction. Through the interplay between texts and contexts, Flanagan has produced an epic fable which in its circularity transcends the Tasmanian locale and develops into a meditation on the wonder of living and the power of love and the imagination to transform the world.
Lung-resident CD3−NK1.1+CD69+CD103+ Cells Play an Important Role in Bacillus Calmette–Guérin Vaccine–Induced Protective Immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection
Authors: Durojaye Olamipejo , Vankayalapati Abhinav , Paidipally Padmaja , Mukherjee Tanmoy , Vankayalapati Ramakrishna , Radhakrishnan Rajesh Kumar
Published: July 2024

Tissue-resident immune cells play important roles in local tissue homeostasis and infection control. There is no information on the functional role of lung-resident CD3−NK1.1+CD69+CD103+ cells in intranasal Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG)–vaccinated and/or Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)–infected mice. Therefore, we phenotypically and functionally characterized these cells in mice vaccinated intranasally with BCG. We found that intranasal BCG vaccination increased CD3−NK1.1+ cells with a tissue-resident phenotype (CD69+CD103+) in the lungs during the first 7 d after BCG vaccination. Three months post-BCG vaccination, Mtb infection induced the expansion of CD3−NK1.1+CD69+CD103+ (lung-resident) cells in the lung. Adoptive transfer of lung-resident CD3−NK1.1+CD69+CD103+ cells from the lungs of BCG-vaccinated mice to Mtb-infected naive mice resulted in a lower bacterial burden and reduced inflammation in the lungs. Our findings demonstrated that intranasal BCG vaccination induces the expansion of CD3−NK1.1+CD69+CD103+ (lung-resident) cells to provide protection against Mtb infection.
Breast Milk–Derived Antibodies Impair Vaccine Immunity in Suckling Mice
Authors: Dangi Tanushree , Sanchez Sarah , Awakoaiye Bakare , Lew Min Han , Irani Nahid , Penaloza-MacMaster Pablo
Published: July 2024

Breast milk confers multiple benefits to the neonate, including passive immunity against multiple microorganisms via Abs. However, it remains unclear whether breast milk–derived Abs affect vaccine-induced immunity in the neonate. We evaluated in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice whether breastfeeding from an mRNA-SARS-CoV-2–vaccinated dam affects vaccine-induced immunity in neonate mice. Using an experimental model that allows the distinction of maternal Abs and neonate Abs based on their allotype, we show that breastfeeding from an immune dam is associated with reduced vaccine immunity in the neonate. Importantly, mice that breastfed from an immune dam showed reduced numbers of plasma cells after vaccination, relative to mice that breastfed from a naive dam. Our subsequent studies using an mRNA-luciferase reporter system show that passive transfer of Abs through breastfeeding accelerates the clearance of vaccine Ag in suckling mice, resulting in reduced Ag availability. Altogether, maternal Abs transferred through breast milk can protect against infectious microorganisms, but they may also interfere with the neonate’s response to vaccination by accelerating the clearance of vaccine Ag. These findings are important for understanding the effects of maternal Abs on the neonate’s response to vaccines and may provide insights for improving neonatal vaccines.
Drug addiction and acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Authors: Giuliani Massimo
Published: July 2024

It is inevitable today, speaking of AIDS, not to reopen a series of social, health and ethical-moral issues that we know as negative features of the current models of advanced society. The problem of drug use and abuse together with the radical changes that have taken place in sexual mores in recent decades make this pathology, today still without a precise therapeutic solution, the sounding board of issues that strain the social balances of modern Western societies.
Movement Clearing Screens for Military Service Member Musculoskeletal Injury Risk Identification
Authors: Shumski Eric J. , Roach Megan Houston , Bird Matthew B. , Helton Matthew S. , Carver Jackson L. , Mauntel Timothy C.
Published: July 2024

Context

Pain during movement screens is a risk factor for musculoskeletal injury (MSKI). Movement screens often require specialized or clinical expertise and large amounts of time to administer.

Objective

Evaluate if self-reported pain (1) with movement clearing screens is a risk factor for any MSKI, (2) with movement clearing screens is a risk factor for body region–specific MSKIs, and (3) with a greater number of movement clearing screens progressively increases MSKI risk.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Field-based.

Patients or Other Participants

Military service members (n = 4222).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Active-duty service members self-reported pain during movement clearing screens (Shoulder Clearing, Spinal Extension, Squat-Jump-Land). Musculoskeletal injury data were abstracted up to 180 days post-screening. A traffic light model grouped service members if they self-reported pain during 0 (Green), 1 (Amber), 2 (Red), or 3 (Black) movement clearing screens. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, gender, body mass index, and prior MSKI determined the relationships between pain during movement clearing screens with any and body region–specific MSKIs.

Results

Service members self-reporting pain during the Shoulder Clearing (adjusted hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval [HRadj (95% CI)] = 1.58 [1.37, 1.82]), Spinal Extension (HRadj = 1.48 [1.28, 1.87]), or Squat-Jump-Land (HRadj = 2.04 [1.79, 2.32]) tests were more likely to experience any MSKI than service members reporting no pain. Service members with pain during the Shoulder Clearing (HRadj = 3.28 [2.57, 4.19]), Spinal Extension (HRadj = 2.80 [2.26, 3.49]), or Squat-Jump-Land (HRadj = 2.07 [1.76, 2.43]) tests were more likely to experience an upper extremity, spine, back, and torso, or lower extremity MSKI, respectively, than service members reporting no pain. The Amber (HRadj = 1.69 [1.48, 1.93]), Red (HRadj = 2.07 [1.73, 2.48]), and Black (HRadj = 2.31 [1.81, 2.95]) cohorts were more likely to experience an MSKI than the Green cohort.

Conclusions

Self-report movement clearing screens in combination with a traffic light model provide clinician- and nonclinician-friendly expedient means to identify service members at MSKI risk.
Doddington Court: 160 Victoria Embankment, Durban
Authors: Ferreira Philna
Published: July 2024

Doddington Court, with its striking brickwork structure, is both fascinating and amusing in the way it merges various architectural aspects. While the design respects the privacy of the inhabitants one cannot help noticing the skilled craftsmanship and solid durability throughout. Details in the decoration differ in character but are integrated with fine judgement. The building as a whole is charming: elements of style are fused into a unique synthesis and traces of the human touch are refreshing in a technological era.
Carnarvon: 'n Oorsig van die geskiedenis van die dorp en distrik
Authors: Marais J.J.
Published: July 2024

Before the arrival of the Whites towards the middle of the eighteenth century, the present-day Carnarvon district was the dwelling-place of the Bushmen. At the beginning of the nineteenth, the settlement of increasing numbers of Whites and Basters, and the Xhosa under Jan Kaffer forced the Bushmen northwards. With the passing of time a civilised community developed at Carnarvon. Rhenish missionaries were the first to preach the Word of God in this area and later churches of other denominations were established. Proper local administration was introduced, communication with the outside world improved and by the turn of the century the district could boast of social and cultural activities. Although agriculture dominates the local economy, secondary industries and commerce have made an important contribution towards rendering the area self-supporting.
Die St. John-Anglikaanse kerk, Victoria-Wes
Authors: Immelman Elbie
Published: July 2024

Robert Gray was commissioned in 1847 to come to South Africa as the first Anglican bishop of Cape Town. His wife Sophia, a talented architect and artist, assisted him in his work and accompanied him on most of his journeys into the interior. Wherever he established congregations she designed the churches, some of which are still to be seen at George, Knysna, Claremont (Cape), Caledon, Fraserburg, Riversdale, Worcester, Clanwilliam and Victoria West. During their last trip into the interior in 1869 Bishop Gray, his wife and Harold Welby, the resident magistrate, chose the site for the St. John's Anglican church at Victoria West and Sophia Gray designed it. The foundation stone was laid on 27 December 1869 by John Adams but the church was completed only in 1874. The stained glass windows, especially the three above the altar depicting the crucifixion and the resurrection, form a striking feature of this church.
Voorlopige indeling van die RSA met die oog op streekhistoriese navorsing
Authors: Oberholster A.G.
Published: July 2024

No abstract available.
Graaff-Reinet: A cultural history 1987-1886
Authors: Oberholster A.G.
Published: July 2024

No abstract available.
Therapeutic and antioxidant effects of lactoperoxidase on aflatoxin B1-induced nephrotoxicity in adult male rats
Authors: Ismail Abou Elkasem M. , Soliman Salah M.E. , Ashry Mahmoud
Published: July 2024

Background and objective

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a type of mycotoxin, is present in food and feed and is toxic to both people and animals. Histological effects of AFB1 on the rat kidney have not been well understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of lactoperoxidase (LPO) against aflatoxin B1-induced nephrotoxicity in a trial to improve its clinical use.

Materials and methods

Adult male Wistar rats (150–200 g b.w) were randomly divided into four groups (10 rats each): (1) healthy control group, (2) healthy rats treated IP with LPO (50mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks, (3) rats intoxicated orally with AFB1 (80 µg/ kg/day) for 6 weeks, and (4) Animals treated with LPO for 6 weeks after intoxication with AFB1.

Results and conclusion

The results showed that LPO was successful in reducing aflatoxin B1-induced nephrotoxicity after 6 weeks of treatment. This was demonstrated by the significant decrease in blood urea, urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, TNF-α, IL-1β, as well as kidney NO, MDA, and DNA damages matched with a significant increase in CD4 and albumin levels as well as kidney GSH and SOD. Furthermore, the LPO was successful in aflatoxin B1-induced tissue degenerations, reflecting its therapeutic potential. In conclusion, due to their antioxidant and radical scavenging properties, LPO may be as effective in improving nephrons from aflatoxin B1-induced nephrotoxicity.
Isolation and identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa obtained from dogs and cats in Great Cairo regarding status of phenotypic antimicrobial resistance pattern
Authors: Hakim Ashraf S. , Dorgham Sohad M. , Abuelhag Hussein A. , Sadek Eslam G. , Dapgh Amany N. , Youssif Nesma H. , Fouad Ehab A.
Published: July 2024

Background

Companion animals; dog and cat are closely associated with the daily life of humans and may be implemented in the transmission of many microorganisms to their adopters.Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P. aeruginosa) is a suited opportunistic and harsh to treat pathogen due to its rife environmental distribution, unique intrinsic and acquired resistance to numerous antimicrobials’ categories.

Objective

The current study targeted to survey the existence ofP. aeruginosain laboratory samples obtained from diseased dogs and cats. The study also investigated the susceptibility and resistance of recovered isolates against antimicrobials.

Materials and methods

A total of 315 samples gathered from veterinary laboratories in Great Cairo governorates; fecal, ear, eye, respiratory, wounds and urine samples were previously collected from diseased dogs and cats. The samples were examined bacteriologically and biochemically to isolateP. aeruginosa. The isolates were assayed for their sensitivity and resistance versus 25 antimicrobials belonging to various categories.

Results and conclusion

Fifty- eightP. aeruginosaisolates (18.41%) were obtained from 315 dogs (44/233, 18.88%) and cats’ (14/82, 17.07%) clinical swabs. The isolates were confirmed biochemically and via VITEK 2 compact system. All isolates showed alpha-type of hemolysis and pigment production. The obtainedP. aeruginosaisolates revealed a multidrug resistance pattern by 70.45% in dog isolates while cat isolates demonstrated a higher ratio 78.57%.P. aeruginosaisolates were highly resistant to cephalosporins, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and intermediate resistant to erythromycin fosfomycin. On the other hand imipenem, amikacin, azithromycin then gentamycin and ciprofloxacin were the most efficient onP. aeruginosaisolates. The study included thatP. aeruginosaisolates obtained from canine and feline clinical samples collected from Great Cairo laboratories were characterized by high and intermediate levels of antimicrobial resistance. However, this pattern was directed to some classes of antibiotics, which are not authorized for veterinary use, which could expose an early warning mark and give the need for ongoing monitoring.
The role of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in ameliorating diabetes-induced ovarian damage in albino rats: Histological, biochemical and immunohistochemical studies
Authors: Sedeak Ahmed Y. , Abdel-Tawab Marwa S. , Elazeem Naglaa A.A. , Reyad Hoda R. , Abdel-Fatah Sherif F. , Khamis Yasser , Tammam Ahmed A.-E. , El-Ebiary Ahmed M. , Sabra Nourhan T.
Published: July 2024

Background

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease causing a variety of complications that can damage most organs, including the gonads. Diabetes was reported to be effectively treated using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

Objective

The objective of the work was to demonstrate the therapeutic role of stem cells in cases of ovarian damage due to diabetes.

Materials and methods

Eighteen adult female albino rats were divided evenly into three groups. The control group received an injection of 1 ml of saline intraperitoneally (i.p.). The streptozotocin (STZ)-treated group: that was given 60 mg/kg per body weight (i.p.) of STZ to induce DM, which was slaughtered after 4 weeks. The STZ+stem cell-treated group that got STZ then was allowed to recover for 4 weeks and then underwent an intravenous injection of one million MSC before being sacrificed. Measurements of blood glucose, serum estradiol (E2), follicular-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were performed. Histological examination with hematoxylin and eosin, Masson stain, and immunohistochemical investigation for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were performed on the ovarian sections.

Results and conclusion

The STZ-induced DM group showed high glucose, FSH, and LH levels and decreased the E2 levels. Also, the inflammation, degeneration, and decreased PCNA immune expression of the ovary development in the STZ-induced DM group were observed. The treatment with the MScs reversed the effect of DM on glucose, FSH, LH, and E2. Additionally, the MScs improved the pathological alterations by increasing PCNA immune expression in the ovary. It was concluded that MSCs can effectively treat diabetes-induced ovarian damage.