bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving the accuracy of analyzing nuclear power plants operation based on calculation technique of maintenance and repair cost
Authors: Volos M.M.
Published: September 2021

Modern methods to calculate the operating (operational, maintenance and repair) component of the cost of electricity for nuclear power plants (NPPs) include the number of disparate techniques calculating the cost of materials, labor costs, machinery and equipment depreciation and amortization, overhead costs, and others. Maintenance and repair expenses (MRO) amount to approximately 20 % of the electricity cost. As a rule, they are calculated in fractions (percent) of amortization expenses. Subsequently it leads to a significant deviation of actual costs from the planned ones, making resource planning more difficult. Thus, the development of unified calculation technique of NPP MRO cost is a highly topical issue. The study is based on Russian and foreign research in the field of enterprise and industry planning and management, published in scientific periodical publications and Internet. Analytical, logical, and engineering-economic analysis are applied. This paper represents an attempt to systematize the organizational and methodological support of MRO implemented at Russian NPPs. The result of the study is the development of MRO cost calculation technique which considers the peculiarities of planning, preparation, arrangement and carrying out of NPP repair work. The technique counts rationing of labor, equipment, and materials costs; calculation of repair personnel wage including the allowances, surcharges, and bonuses for work in severe environment (high / low temperature, restricted conditions, work at height, in special clothing and with the use of personal protective equipment, etc.), in ionizing radiation environment. The method to calculate each component of the NPP MRO cost considering the fact by whom repair works are carried out (NPP staff or contractors) is given. The developed technique provides an increase of the accuracy of calculating the NPP MRO cost causing the timeliness and resource availability planning. It leads to NPP economic efficiency in the domestic and global nuclear technology market.
Development of method to design end-face synchronous motors made of amorphous steel using digital twin technology
Authors: Tikhonov A.I. , Stulov A.V. , Likhachova A.V. , Nikiforov M.I. , Eryomin I.V.
Published: September 2021

Modern technologies of generative design and digital twins of electrical devices are based on the use of field models, as a rule, three-dimensional ones. Also, it is possible to solve design problems and to simulate accurately electrical machines and devices based on a set of 2D models of physical fields. Application of automatically generated field models in modern systems of engineering analysis during the design and optimization of electrical machines and devices makes it possible to get rid of many assumptions and outdated empirical and semi-empirical dependencies, as well as to reach a new methodological level of design theory, characterized by a unified approach to the calculation of various devices. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to develop a methodology to design a synchronous motor of an atypical design, based on the use of two-dimensional models of a stationary magnetic field at different design stages and allowing a solution to be obtained even in the absence of preliminary studies and recommendations. The finite element method is used implemented by means of the EMLib library (author's development), which allows calculating magnetic fields in a 2D formulation. Also, methods of the theory of synchronous machines and object-oriented programming in VBA in the MSExcel environment are used. Elements of digital twin technology and generative design are used while developing the methodology and design system. A method to design an end-face synchronous motor has been developed using automatically generated set of field models at the stages of choosing the height of a permanent magnet, calculating the parameters of an equivalent circuit, and an angular characteristic. Based on the popular MSExcel package, a system to design an end-face synchronous motor has been developed. The EMLib library has been implemented into the system, it allows using the results of calculating the magnetic field in the key design operations. The end-face synchronous motor has been designed and tested on the base of the developed system. The results of the research can be used during the development of methods to design electrical machines and devices of arbitrary, including non-standard design, for which approved algorithms for engineering analysis do not exist.
Sır Baraj Gölet’inde Yaşayan Balık Örneklerinde Toplam Alfa ve Beta Radyoaktivite Seviyelerinin Ölçülmesi (Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye)
Authors: ÇAM Hanifi
Published: September 2021

Kahramanmaraş il sınırları içerisinde yer alan Sır Baraj Gölet’i, Ceyhan, Körsülü ve Aksu nehirleri ile beslenmektedir. Ancak gölet, en fazla Aksu Çayı tarafından aşırı bir şekilde kirletilmektedir. Gölet’in farklı bölgelerinde kültür balıkçılığı yapılarak değişik türlerde balıklar yetiştirilmektedir. Bölgede yer yer balık ölümlerinin gerçekleşmesinden dolayı, göletin radyoaktif açıdan değerlendirme gereği düşünülmüştür. Bu sebeple gölette yaşayan çeşitli balık türlerinden örnekler alındı. Alınan bu örneklerin toplam alfa ve toplam beta radyoaktivite seviyeleri ölçüldü. Ölçüm sonunda, toplam alfa en fazla Alabalık ’da görülürken en az Çupra ’da görüldü. Toplam beta radyoaktivitesi ise en fazla yine Alabalık ’da görülürken en az yayın balığında görüldü. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar Dünya Sağlık Örgütünün belirlemiş olduğu değerler ile kıyaslandı.
Options of modeling diet-induced and combined metabolic syndrome
Authors: Abramtsova Anna V. , Efimenko Natalia V. , Reps Valentina F. , Kaisinova Agnessa S.
Published: September 2021

Background. Due to the fact that it is not always possible to reproduce all known manifestations of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders, for example, in rodents, it is necessary to verify individual pathogenetic links in animals when modeling the metabolic syndrome in order to select the most optimal natural biotropic factors for studying the effect on them.
Aims: To analyze metabolic disorders in the modeling of metabolic syndrome of alimentary genesis in comparison with the combined effect of alimentary factor and chemical agents to select the most appropriate model in the study of natural and weak preformed physical factors.
Materials and methods. Metabolic syndrome was modeled in 47 sexually mature outbred white male rats using a hypercaloric diet (HD) of various duration and medications. The first series was the 1st control group (CG1) and the 1st experimental group (EG1). They received HD during 180 days, they were withdrawn from the experiment 30 days after the cancellation of HD. The second series was the 2nd control group (CG2) and three experimental groups. They received HD for 60 days, where the 2nd group (EG2) in association with HD received Mercazolil (10 mg/kg of animal weight) intragastrically for 14 days starting from the 21st day; the 3rd group (EG3) had the same scheme of treatment as in EG2, besides, after taking Mercazolil, they were intramuscularly injected with Nitox 200 at 25 mg/kg once per day during 5 days. Animals of EG2 and EG3 were withdrawn from the experiment 60 days after ending of HD. Animals of the 4th experimental group (EG4) got HD and the same medicine as in EG3. They left the experiment 30 days after ending HD. The content of hormones and biochemical parameters of protein, fat, and carbohydrate in peripheral blood was evaluated using multiple inter-group comparisons and intra-group relationships by Spearmans rank correlation method.
Results. There have been detected a large number of biochemical signs of dependence of metabolism regulation on leptin level after long-term HD (180 days), while there were fewer biochemical signs of protein exchange disorder less than with the combined use of HD (60 days) and drugs.
Conclusion. It is more appropriate and promising to use a long-term HD as a model of MS close to the natural conditions of its formation, to study the influence of natural and weak preformed physical factors.
Restorative technologies using physiotherapeutic factors in dermatocosmetology and aesthetic medicine
Authors: Vasilieva Ekaterina S. , Al-Zamil Mustafa Kh. , Kulikova Natalia G.
Published: September 2021

The manual provides data on the use of physiotherapeutic factors in dermatocosmetology and provides guidelines for their use in the rehabilitation and rehabilitation treatment of patients after plastic surgery. The authors also paid attention to the peculiarities of their clinical use, taking into account microcirculatory changes and stages of the postoperative period.
Combined use of laser therapy and autologous plasma with cells in patients with post-acne atrophic scars
Authors: Talibova Aliya P. , Gryazeva Natalia V.
Published: September 2021

Background. Acne scar formation is a common consequence of acne vulgaris, in most cases atrophic scars resulting from tissue loss caused by inflammation of the pilosebial units.
Aims: To study the effectiveness of combined laser therapy with Nd:YAG laser and Er: YAG laser with autologous plasma with cells in patients with different phenotypes of post-acne atrophic scars.
Materials and methods. Depending on the method of treatment of post-acne scars, the patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (n=28) with ice pick scars 10 patients; boxcar 9 patients; rolling 9 patients and group 1 (n=30) among them with ice pick scars 10; boxcar 9; rolling 11 patients. In group 1A, phototherapy was performed using a combination of Nd:YAG laser and Er:YAG laser. Immediately after laser exposure, autologous plasma was applied to the skin of the face of group 1B patients. To assess the effectiveness, the Manchester scale of assessment of scar deformities was used. The effectiveness was also evaluated using the Global Aesthetic Scale (GAIS) on a 3-point system. In this study, cutometry and ultrasound were performed to assess the elasticity of the skin in the foci of atrophy.
Results. The indicator "color" on the MSS scale improved in the 1st group by 54.8%, in the 2nd by 83.7%, the indicator "texture" by 57.1 and 78.1%, the indicator "relief" by 43.8 and 66.7%, the indicator "displacement" by 54.9 and 82.1%, respectively. There were no patients with a deterioration or lack of effect on the GAIS scale in any of the study groups. According to the ultrasound scan data, the greatest effectiveness was observed in the group of complex treatment .
Conclusion. Complex treatment, including the use of combined laser therapy (erbium and neodymium lasers) and autologous plasma with cells, is a highly effective technique for the treatment of atrophic post-acne scars.
Comparison of the effectiveness of treatment and the effect on the composition of the microbiota in patients with acne when using isotretinoin monotherapy and its combination with phototherapy with broadband incoherent light
Authors: Kolodiy Anastasia А. , Kruglova Larisa S. , Gryazeva Natalia V.
Published: September 2021

Background. Laser and LED light sources operating in the range of 400700 and 8001400 nm can affect the links of the pathogenesis of acne (they destroy the pathogenic bacterial flora and lead to atrophy of the sebaceous glands due to heating of the vessels feeding the glands, which ultimately reduces the production of sebum) and can be very effective in the treatment of patients with acne. Aims: To evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of incoherent broadband light (IPL) and low doses of systemic isotretinoin compared with standard isotretinoin monotherapy, as well as the effect on the composition of the microbiota in patients with acne. Materials and methods. 78 patients with a diagnosis of acne, papulo-pustular form, moderate severity were monitored on an outpatient basis. Depending on the method of therapy, patients are divided into 2 groups. The dermatological status of patients was assessed taking into account the dermatological index GSS (Global Severity Ssore), the dermatological index of acne (DIA), the IGA scale (Investigator's Global Assessment), the quality of life index (QOL). To study the composition of the skin microbiota in all patients before and after therapy, an analysis was performed using the method of chromatography-mass spectrometry of microbial markers. Results. Both methods are effective, but according to the global scale of severity (GSS), clinical remission was significantly more frequent in the combination therapy group compared to the motor therapy group (88 and 74%, respectively, p 0.05). In addition, in the group of patients who received the combined method of treatment, there was a more pronounced positive dynamics of DIQH compared to the group of patients who received monotherapy 76 and 84%, respectively (at p 0.05, compared with the indicators before treatment). After treatment, there was a pronounced positive dynamics and normalization of most indicators of the microbiota of the skin of the face, but the number of some targeted microorganisms was slightly higher than normal after therapy. Conclusions. Thus, the combined treatment with IPL and low doses of systemic isotretinoin is a safe and effective method of treating moderate acne.
Clinical and electromyographic evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of interference currents and traction therapy in the treatment of patients with vertebral radiculopathy
Authors: Akhundov Parvis Yа. , Huseynova Sadagat G.
Published: September 2021

Background. Relevance of elaboration of lumbosacral radiculopathy (LSR) treatment methods is сonditioned by widespread of this pathology. Pain syndrome (PS) reducing activity and life quality of workable patients is the most prevailing clinical manifestation of this disease. Сonservative treatment methods of LSR directed to decrease pain, oedema and compression of nerve roots as well as contributing to сonductivity improvement include medication, physiotherapeutic and orthopaedic treatment.
Aims: Clinical neurophysiological justification of combined use of interference therapy (IT) and spine traction (ST) in complex treatment of vertebral LSR.
Materials and methods. The first-control group (n=32) who were treated by using ST as a treatment. The second ― treatment group (n=32) included those who were treated by using the IT and ST on the same day. All patients had radicular syndromes. All patients passed the lumbar MRI scan. PS was estimated according to the visual-analogic scale (VAS) and McGills questionnaire. Estimation of life quality of patients was based on Roland-Morris questionnaire. Electromyography registered dynamics of impulse conduction on motor fibres, as well as parametеrs of compound muscle action potential and H-reflex.
Results. Positive effect of combined use of interference therapy with spine traction in complex treatment of vertebral radiculopathy patients are proved. It has been established that the therapeutic effect of the complex application of IT and ST lies in the improvement in the afferent and efferent links of the neuromotor apparatus, as well as the functional state of the spinal alpha-motoneurons associated with the acceleration of the regenerative processes.
Conclusion. Results of the clinical neurophysiological investigation, carried out before and after rehabilitative treatment allow to recommend combined therapy of IT and ST for treatment of vertebral LSR.
Balneotherapeutic factors of the North Ossetia — Alanya Republic
Authors: Kaisinova Agnessa S. , Gusova Berta A. , Mirzaeva Larisa M. , Tsallagova Larisa V. , Tsidaeva Tatiana I.
Published: September 2021

The research objective is to determine the prospects for the development of balneology in the Republic of North Ossetia Alania.
Mineral waters, therapeutic peloids (clay terclites), spa research, statistical methods. Pyatigorsk Scientific Research Institute of Resort Study developed a strategy of balneology development in Republic of North Ossetia Alania. There have been conducted route studies of bioclimatic and microclimatic features of medical and health areas. Their modern landscape, climatic potential and prospects of resort methods of climate treatment and landscape therapy have been assessed. There have also been carried out a full physical and chemical study of samples of mineral waters (21 samples) and medical mud (2 samples) in native form in accordance with the regulatory and technical documents of the Russian Federation. The conducted analysis of mineral waters and peloids showed that in the Republic of North Ossetia Alania there are mineral waters of various physical and chemical composition and mineralization and low-mineralized sulfate magnesium-calcium-sodium therapeutic clays-terclites having a high balneotherapeutic activity.
Expressive movement: an interdisciplinary view
Authors: Zaytseva Tatiana N. , Nizhelskoy Viktor A. , Gerasimenko Marina Yu. , Saito Manami
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the rewiev is to familiarize the teaching community from the world of dance and theater, artistic sports, coaches, leading master classes, etc. with modern medical and physiological approaches to the study of the expressiveness of human body movements. The use of such knowledge in educational practice can contribute to achieving maximum results in professional activity, increasing the effectiveness of training, and reducing injuries in classes related to physical activity. Association of a wide range of specialists interested in the development of the technicality and virtuosity of the performance of movements, which form the basis of professional skill, discussion of topical issues of the use of modern technologies and their implementation in practice will allow specialists to form a comprehensive understanding of modern trends in the study of expressive movement in the aspect physiology and medicine, as well as at a qualitatively new level to develop general approaches to the translation of the knowledge gained.
Hyperthermia in the treatment of patients with non-oncological diseases (literature review)
Authors: Kurpeshev Orazakhmet К.
Published: September 2021

An electronic search for publications on the results of the use of hyperthermia (HT) in medicine was carried out using the Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health, CyberLeninka, RSCI, international and regional journals, materials of international congresses, congresses and conferences. The review analyzes the results of experimental and clinical studies on local hyperthermia (LHT) in inflammatory, allergic and other diseases. In vitro experiments have shown that LHT increases the antibacterial activity of serum, as well as the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Clinical studies have established a therapeutic effect of LHT in rhinitis of various etiologies, purulent sinusitis, viral human papilloma, fibromyalgia, injuries of the musculoskeletal system, chronic prostatitis. Analysis shows that the therapeutic effect of LHT is associated not only with direct bacteriostatic and bactericidal actions, but also with an indirect effect on the course of the disease, namely, modulation of the activity of antigen-presenting cells, increased blood and lymph circulation, and increased metabolism. It is also important that LHT increases the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy in drug-resistant forms of the inflammatory process.
Thus, the wide range of biological action of LHT allows us to consider it as a promising therapeutic method in various fields of medicine.
Methods of medical visualization and thermal ablation as a new approach to treatment of hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Rumiantsev Pavel O. , Bubnov Aleksandr A. , Degtyarev Mikhail V. , Slushchuk Konstantin Y. , Zakharova Svetlana M. , Agibalov Dmitriy Y. , Timoshenko Viktor Y.
Published: September 2021

The pathologies of parathyroid glands are widespread among endocrine system diseases, excluding diabetes and thyroid pathology. There are only two methods that are used to treat hyperparathyroidisms, such as surgery and conservative therapy. However, transracial thermal destruction methods (ablation) have recently appeared in clinical practice. The methods have good precision and connect with physical phenomena, such as interaction laser, radiofrequency, microwave, and HIFU irradiation with bio substance. The review is dedicated to critically analyze the modern methods for local thermal destruction of the hyper-functioning parathyroid glands. The review includes data from randomized clinical trials from 2012 to 2021. The studies were from Google Scholar and Pubmed with a total number of 1,938 patients (laser ablation ― 216 patients, radiofrequency ablation ― 225, microwave ablation ― 1467, high-density ultrasound ablation ― 30 patients). Recommendations methods of thermal destruction application were obtained during the review. Furthermore, we have designed some algorithms for hyperparathyroidism treatment. Moreover, thermal destruction methods were observed. There are four modern methods of thermal destruction which have been analyzed like alternatives to surgery. Each of them has advantages and disadvantages, its profile of safety and effectiveness. After processing information from a proven database, the most popular among specialists is methods of microwave ablation. However, laser ablation is more effective than other ways.
Use of microRNA to estimate time science death: review
Authors: Halikov Airat A. , Kildyushov Evgeniy M. , Kuznetsov Kirill O. , Iskuzhina Laysan R. , Rahmatullina Gulnaz R.
Published: September 2021

Death prescription evaluation is still one of the most difficult issues in forensic medical practice. This review aimed to assess the potential use of micro ribonucleic acid (miRNA) in death prescription diagnosis. MiRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that are 1824 nucleotides long and are well preserved in the eukaryotic cells. Their role is to regulate gene expression in biological processes during the post-transcriptional phase. MiRNA was proven to be effective in clinical medicine for various disease diagnoses, with its possible use in forensic medicine as a marker for death prescription assessment due to its low molecular weight, tissue-specific expression, and high resistance to external and internal environmental factors. The analysis results of scientific literature revealed that the internal characteristics of miRNA molecules and their high resistance to degradation make them suitable as biomarkers for the duration of death assessment, especially in the late postmortem period; however, further large-scale studies on cadaveric material are necessary.
The First Congress on Genealogy, the Study of Heritage and Regeneration, in Giessen, in April 1912
Authors: Sholomovitch A. S.
Published: September 2021

The first Congress on genealogy, scholarship on inheritance and regeneration, held in the city of Giessen on April 11-13, p. The city is undoubtedly of considerable interest. Modern science has long been practicing congresses on individual scientific disciplines, the methods of which in the main have long been determined, developed and agreed upon. The doctrine of inheritance, which is the basis of all our knowledge, touching the most subtle aspects of the existence of the organic world, which is, perhaps, the most mysterious of all the secrets of the world until the very last. time has been given in means. the degree of individual aspirations; The Congress in Giessen is the first attempt at a systematic collective discussion of the issue, if not in its entirety, which, due to its grandeur, is hardly possible, then, at least, in an area of ​​particular interest to a physician, in its main and essential features. I must in advance give up the idea of ​​giving an exhaustive description of the work of the Congress, as I would like to. There are too many reasons for this, and the main one is the well-known breadth of his program, which included quite special areas of knowledge such as scientific genealogy using new methods, scholarship on inheritance in the broad sense of the word, with statistical theories, partly scholarship on crime, reports on biometrics, the field of sociology, racial hygiene, etc. It goes without saying that each of these sections is based on the main theses, has its own extensive literature and history, and its characterization would require special knowledge and a lot of time. In addition, the amount of material available in the form of auto-abstracts is very small, and the language of the Congress was the German language, often with regional and individual characteristics that made it difficult to understand it, and, in general, for an unaccustomed ear, it is not quite easy; the proceedings of the Congress will come out early in the fall. Under such conditions, it is clear that my message can only relate to a part of the work of the Congress and cannot in any way claim either completeness or depth of presentation. In addition, I had too little time in my order to compose the message, which made it even more difficult to make sufficient use of even the small material that I have at my disposal.
Georg Klepper. Differential diagnosis between epileptic and catatonic states based on association. Die Unterscheidung von èpileptischen und Katatonischen Zuständen, spesiel aus den Assoziationen. Klinik f. psych. u. nerv. Kranch. v. R. Sommer. B. VI. H. I. S. I.
Authors: Averbuch R.
Published: September 2021

The author points out the relative difficulty of the differential diagnosis between catatonic and epileptic states in these cases, when the doctor is deprived of the opportunity to obtain an accurate anamnesis.
G. Freud. The theory of sexual attraction. Authorized translation from the 2nd nѣm. ed. Dr. A. Vyakhirev and H. E. Polyakov. Ed. Psychotherapeutic Library. Issue III. Moscow 1911
Authors: Obraztsov V. N.
Published: September 2021

There is no doubt that resolving the issue of sexual attraction is fraught with great difficulties. The essence and nature of attraction, in the opinion of the author, requires a serious reevaluation and new explanations, since the existing views are based on a completely inconsistent reflection of validity, and therefore they are erroneous, hasty and inaccurate. Here are the reasons why the author comes forward with his theory of sexual attraction. He calls the first of three articles devoted to this issue "sexual perversion".
Prof. P. Dubois. Imagination as a cause of illness. Psycho-therapeutic library V. Authorized translation. Moscow. 1912 Publishing house "Science"
Authors: Dobrovolskii E.
Published: September 2021

In the first part of his book, the author gives a definition of what an imaginary illness is, gives a brief history of its development, acquaints the reader with the process of the emergence of representations, while emphasizing what role imagination plays in this process; A number of examples and references to Freud are provided as proof that imagination, especially in people of little intelligence, is the cause of various disorders in the body.
Chronicles and mix
Authors: Donskov N. A.
Published: September 2021

-In the connected meeting of the conference of the Academy and the military-sanitary educational committee on May 26, Dr. Astvatsaturov, after reading a trial lecture on the topic: "The main tasks of psychiatric hygiene in the army."
The volume of changes in the nature of evocative reactions under the influence of music
Authors: Spirtov I. N.
Published: September 2021

The literature on music, which develops its theoretical and aesthetic side, is known to be very extensive, while, of course, the question of its influence on the psyche is also interpreted, but from a predominantly theoretical side; the experimental study of this influence, even understanding the word experimental in a broad sense, is still in the initial stage and the author in the literature available to him, among the small number of experimental works related to this, did not find a single one that would be devoted to the experimental development of the issue that constitutes the subject of this study.
Graphic method in application to the study of the nervous cells of the sympathetic system
Authors: Bykov K. M.
Published: September 2021

I.Physiological preparation for the application of the graphic method in the study of nervous cells.
Therapeutic significance of lumbar puncture in epilepsy and growing paralysis
Authors: Glushkov N. A.
Published: September 2021

Reported in the united post of doctors of the Novoznamenskaya Hospital and the Hospital of All Sorrows on May 16, 1912.
P. Snsarev. To the study of neuroglia and the outer, perivascular and inner surface of the brain. Medical and economic report on the Hospitals of All Sorrows in St. Petersburg. 1911 p. fifty
Authors: Averbuch R.
Published: September 2021

The object of the author's research was, on the one hand, the brains of various vertebrates, and, on the other hand, pathological material from the psychiatric hospital "All the Sorrows". The author formulates the results of his research in the following provisions:
Mach Löwy. To casuistic rѣdkikh “dyshumoral” (intrasecretory) disorders. Zur kasuïstik seltener "dushumoraler" (innersekretorischer) Störungen. — Prager med. Wochenschrift. XXXVI, Nr. 34-37, 1911
Authors: Averbuch R.
Published: September 2021

Some peculiar phenomena of internal secretion disorder were examined by the author in two of his previous works: Aetiologische und therapeutische Erfahrungen ber Vitiligo ("Dyshumorale" Genese und Organotherapie der Flecken). Prag. med. Wochenschr XXXVI, no. 8, 1911 and Sensibilittsnderung whrend unwillkrlicher athetosehnlicher Bewegungen, wahrscheinlich "Spontanbewegungen". Prag. med. Wochensehr. XXXIV, Oktober 1909.
Hospital of All Sorrows in St. Petersburg Report for 1911
Authors: Sholomovich A.
Published: September 2021

From the large Report, one begs to compare the figures: 1) 320 patients in 20 departments, 8 doctors, and the staff of servants 107 people, the expenditure budget 265,000 rubles per year.
Chronicle and mix
Authors: Baklushinsky I. D.
Published: September 2021

- In the autumn emergency of the Provincial Assembly, the Kazan Zemstvo decided to purchase a plot of land of 140 dessiatines, for the construction of its own colony, a hospital for 600 beds. This site is located 8-10 versts from the city of Kazan and belongs to the Udlny Vodomstvo.
Protocol of the next V-th session of the Society of Neuropathologists and Psychiatrists on September 29, 1912
Authors: Osipov V. P. , Baklushinskiy I. D.
Published: September 2021

Chaired by prof. V.P. Osipov under the secretary of I.D.Baklushinsky. Present: V.P. Pervushin, V.S.Skuridin, Sorokovikov, Voroshilov, Tsipkin, Chalusov, Donskov, G.A.Klyachkin, E.N. Arkhangelskaya, Kazanskiy and others.
Experience of distance learning in the discipline “General surgery” during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ivanusa Sergey Y. , Epifanov Mikhail V. , Dzhachvadze David K.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to evaluating the experience of distance learning in the discipline General surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Organizational issues and some results of 6-month distance learning in General surgery have been considered.
The most significant changes occurred in the methodology of the main part of classes in terms of teaching practical skills of medical and diagnostic orientation. Demonstration of appropriate actions in graphic and video materials did not ensure the development of practical skills, and it turned out that distance learning does not have all the properties of clinical training.
It takes much more time a teacher on preparing for classes and test activities for students, including taking the exam remotely.
Further study of distance learning opportunities is required (determining the critical duration of distance learning, the need to change the list of practical skills to be mastered, etc.) in cooperation with clinical departments of surgical and related profiles (bibliography: 8 refs).
Choice of surgical treatment for chronic composite hemorrhoid
Authors: Litvinov Oleg A. , Zhitikhin Evgeniy V. , Ignatovich Igor G. , Arutyunyan Hovannes A. , Arustamov Artur G. , Grinev Mikhail L.
Published: September 2021

A comparative analysis of the treatment of 142 patients operated on chronic hemorrhoid stage IIIIV has been passed by way of assess the results of using new version of hemorrhoidectomy. The age of patients ranged from 27 to 80 (mean age was 50.46.7). 86 (60.6%) patients were diagnosed with stage III chronic hemorrhoid, at 56 (39.4%) patients the stage IV. For this study patients were divided into basic and controlled groups. The basic group consisted of 73 (51.4%) patients that have had hemorrhoidectomy using our modification. There were 69 (48.6%) patients in control group that have been operated by MilliganMorgan method in second modify of State Scientific Center of Proctology using bipolar coagulator LigaSure. The level of pain was assessed in the early postoperative period by numeric rating scale. The patients had been operated by our method mentioned that the pain syndrome was less pronounced (3.2 against 4.9 balls), that required less painkillers in the early postoperative period. In the case of doing semicircle cuts on the border of anocutaneous crinkle and bringing down mucous membrane, the significant excision of the cavernous tissue doesnt lead to contraction of the anal canal by that reduces the number of functional disorders after hemorrhoidectomy (4 figs, 1 table, bibliography: 7 refs).
Result of using a minimally invasive method of surgical treatment of purulent-necrotic complications in a patient with diabetic foot syndrome
Authors: Ivanusa Sergey Y. , Risman Boris V. , Yanishevskiy Andrey V.
Published: September 2021

The article presents an analysis of the results of treatment of a patient with purulent-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome, who, in the framework of surgical treatment, used a minimally invasive method of treatment of purulent-necrotic complications of diabetic foot syndrome, developed at the departments of general surgery and normal anatomy of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy. The effectiveness of the developed method has been demonstrated, which makes it possible to sanitize the purulent cavity in a short time, stop pain syndrome and restore the support ability of the foot (4 figs, 1 table, bibliography: 7 refs).
Scientific research of military medicine and training of scientific staff in its interests (to the 90th anniversary of the Department of Organization of Scientific Work and Training of Scientific-Pedagogical Staff of the Military Medical Academy)
Authors: Ovchinnikov Dmitriy V.
Published: September 2021

The content of this article was presented in the form of a report at the International Military-Technical Forum Army-2021 and are devoted to the formation and the present day of the system of organizing scientific work in medicine. It is shown how medicine formed the attributes of science with a system of state scientific attestation, certain forms of scientific work and the system of establishing its organizational foundations with the formulation of tasks by control units for the development of specific directions in the interests of military medicine. The role in this paper of the scientific department of the Military Medical Academy and a brief outline of its history are described. Significant attention is paid to the current state of scientific work, its forms and types, the peculiarities of their functioning in modern conditions, as well as development prospects. Modern scientific ties, relationships with the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Military Innovative Technopolis Era and other ties with the crucial partners have been demonstrated. The specifications of the system of training scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel are given, starting with the system of the military scientific society of cadets and listeners to the election of members of the RAS. The role of military medical science in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic is shown, as well as the prospects for the development of scientific practices of the Military Medical Academy (4 figs, bibliography: 6 refs).
Features of management of patients with liver diseases in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kravchuk Yuriy A.
Published: September 2021

Liver dysfunction is common with COVID-19 infection, and the prevalence is higher in men as well as in the elderly. Manifestations of liver damage such as high aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activity, increased bilirubin levels, low albumin levels, and prolonged prothrombin time are associated with severe COVID-19 infection. Mortality in patients with diffuse liver diseases without cirrhosis with COVID-19 infection was 12 %, in the presence of liver cirrhosis up to 40%, decompensated liver cirrhosis up to 4363%. The mechanisms of liver damage in COVID-19 include direct hepatotoxicity and indirect liver damage (due to systemic inflammation with impaired immunity, sepsis, hypoxia, ischemia, coagulopathy, endotheliitis, right ventricular failure, worsening of the course of existing liver diseases, drug liver damage). Treatment of patients with diffuse liver diseases includes lifestyle and nutritional modification, the use of hepatoprotective drugs, and means of correcting the intestinal barrier (bibliography: 30 refs).
"Bonded by one chain, related to one purpose": what is primary in the development of thrombotic complications in COVID-19 — mechanisms of inflammation or endothelium damage?
Authors: Cherkashin Dmitriy V.
Published: September 2021

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, as well as a profound impact on society. Among the nosologies that increase the risk of a severe course of COVID-19, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, cardiomyopathy. The main complications caused by coronavirus infection include thrombotic ones. Spike protein SARS-CoV-2 can interact directly with platelets and fibrin, causing blood hypercoagulation and obstructing blood flow. The presence of the spike protein in circulation leads to structural changes in fibrin, complement 3 and prothrombin, which can contribute to hypercoagulability in COVID-19 positive patients and cause a significant violation of fibrinolysis. Endothelial damage and systemic inflammation, being interrelated triggers of coagulopathy characteristic of COVID-19, trigger a cascade of reactions resulting in thrombotic complications against the background of endothelial dysfunction and hyperinflammation, which may be of clinical importance in the treatment of hypercoagulability in patients with COVID-19 (bibliography: 14 refs).
The state of the circulatory, respiratory and hemostasis organs of the servisemen, suffered from coronavirus pneumonia, in a remote recovery period
Authors: Serdyukov Dmitriy Yu. , Rodichev Nikolay S. , Tretyakovа Anastasiya A.
Published: September 2021

The problem of the long-term effects of COVID-19, especially its severe forms, is already acutely relevant for world healthcare. Severe course of the novel coronavirus infection (cytokine storm) may be accompanied with the damage of respiratory system, circulatory system, and hemostasis.
In the Department of Hospital Therapy Military Medical Academy have been examined 64 servicemen: 1st group of 44 people aged 46.1 7 years with developed cytokine storm; 2nd group 20 men 47 4.4 years without this complication. Patients were screened and treated under the standard scheme; 3 months after discharge from the hospital, respiratory, heart failure and D-dimer levels were assessed.
There was a significant increase pulmonary damage with decrease in saturation to 92.3 % (p = 0.003) in the 1st group; laboratory signs of myocardial lesions: increase of troponin T to 15.4 ng/l (p = 0.001), a significant increase in the total creatine phosphokinase, aspartate amine transferase and alanine aminotransferase compared to patients of the 2nd group. The average rates of standard hemogram, with the exception of platelet levels (173 103/l, p = 0.03) in the 1st group were no different from similar parameters of patients from the 2nd group. It was drawn to attention the reliable increase in C-reactive protein, D-dimer and ferritin in men of the 1st group. During the reexamination after 3 months more often diagnosed the phenomenon of respiratory and heart failure and hypercoagulation in patients from the 1st group, which dictates the need for further dynamic monitoring of this category (1 figure, 2 tables, bibliography: 14 refs).
Legal aspects of conducting clinical trials and military trials with the participation of military personnel
Authors: Fateev Ivan V. , Seleznev Aleksey B. , Ivchenko Evgeniy V. , Ivanov Valeriy S.
Published: September 2021

Currently, the procedure for conducting clinical trials and military trials is regulated by a number of regulatory documents ranging from Federal laws to local orders of medical organizations. The article analyzes the regulatory documents of the Russian Federation in relation to conducting clinical trials and military trials with the participation of military personnel. It is noted that the legal status of a volunteer (military personnel) when conducting research in full-scale conditions is not fixed. In addition, in the case of conducting research with the involvement of military personnel as volunteers, it should be borne in mind that a serviceman has the right to engage in scientific, pedagogical and other creative activities. There is no regulatory document defining payments to volunteers participating in clinical trials. These organizational aspects require legislative permission to exclude legal conflicts in the planning, organization and conduct of research involving military personnel as volunteers (patients) (bibliography: 9 refs).
Three-year results of solving medical and biological problems in the Military Innovative Technopolis “ERA”
Authors: Fisun Aleksandr Ya. , Zhurbin Evgeniy A. , Markin Ilya V. , Shchelkanova Elensa S.
Published: September 2021

The article summarizes the experience of solving medical and biological problems in the Military Innovative Technopolis ERA. The main scientific directions of research, the results of activities, as well as scientific achievements for three years of work in the interests of military medicine are described. The directions in improving the training of operators of scientific companies for the purpose of implementing innovative activities are presented (7 figs).
Scientific potential of military medicine in the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945)
Authors: Kotiv Bogdan N. , Ganapolsky Vyacheslav P. , Tsygan Vasiliy N. , Fomin Nikolay F. , Korovin Aleksandr E. , Ovchinnikov Dmitrii V.
Published: September 2021

Reconstruction of the historical and scientific-practical heritage of the military-medical and scientific potential of the country during the Great Patriotic War is of enduring relevance. Already by 1940, more than 250 specialized scientific institutions were created in relation to theoretical, preventive and clinical medicine in which more than 21,000 scientific workers worked (of them 2394 doctors and 5025 candidates of sciences). During the war, the scientific potential of military medicine continued to be strengthened (4 academicians, 22 honored scientists, 275 professors, 556 associate professors, 306 doctors and 1199 candidates of sciences).
The Military Medical Academy played an important role in solving scientific problems. Active scientific work continued not only in the departments and laboratories of the Academy, but also at the fronts. Scientists of the academy prepared many instructions and instructions on various issues of military medicine, which contributed to the improvement of the system of medical support for troops on the basis of military field medical doctrine. For the first time, methods have been developed for planning medical support for combat and issues of organizing medical support for army and front-line operations.
The practical significance of the principles of the military field doctrine developed during the Great Patriotic War was repeatedly confirmed by the experience of medical support of Soviet troops during the war in Afghanistan, as well as in the provision of medical assistance during counter-terrorist operations in the North Caucasus (9 figs, bibliography: 5 refs).
El efecto de la edad relativa en la formación y promoción de jugadores de fútbol U23
Authors: Martín Barrero Alberto , Martínez Cabrera Francisco Ignacio
Published: September 2021

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el efecto de la edad relativa en los jugadores de fútbol de los equipos U23 de LaLiga Santander, su influencia en las diferentes demarcaciones y la relación con la promoción de jugadores de equipos U23 a clubes de fútbol profesional. Se analizaron los jugadores (n=438), de un total de 20 equipos de categoría U23  durante la temporada 2018-2019 y se contabilizaron aquellos jugadores que llegaban a la élite en las siguientes 3 temporadas. Para analizar el efecto de la edad relativa (RAE), se utilizó la prueba estadística Chi cuadrado para comparar la distribución de los meses del año por trimestres y semestres atendiendo al mes de nacimiento de los jugadores. Los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas (p<0.05) en la comparación del número de jugadores que llegaban a la élite según los trimestres o semestres del año favorable a los futbolistas nacidos en los primeros meses del año. Estos resultados mostraron como tanto los jugadores que componían los equipos U23 como aquellos que llegaban a jugar a alto nivel en los siguientes 3 años estaban condicionados por el efecto de la edad relativa, es decir, por el mes de su nacimiento. En cuanto a la demarcación, tan solo los porteros, no estaban influenciados por el efecto del RAE. Dicho esto, se podría señalar que hay influencia de la edad relativa sobre el porcentaje de jugadores que llegan a jugar en equipos U23 y en alto nivel.
Integrative flexibility training to improve joint mobility and range of movement in jazz dancing girls
Authors: Cervantes Hernández Natanael , Enríquez del Castillo Liliana Aracely , Flores Olivares Luis  Alberto , Candia Luján Ramón , Domínguez Esparza Susana
Published: September 2021

Flexibility is one of the physical capacities associated with improved performance in jazz dancers girls. However, jazz training being a complex physical activity is not only based on flexibility training, it also focuses on the development of motor skills, technique, posture, and rhythm. Therefore, it is important to demonstrate whether a passive stretching training, with minimum frequency, generates favorable results on flexibility. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of flexibility training on active and passive range of motion (ROM), as well as joint mobility in girls jazz dancers by chronological caracterizar la muestra age group. 30 jazz dancers with an average age of 8.5 ± 1.6 years with no more than four years practicing professional sports practice, enrolled in an integrative flexibility training program developed once a week for 12 weeks, and were assessed for active and passive hip joint mobility through goniometry in conjunction with six flexibility tests. There was an increase in all flexibility variables with a moderate size-effect, except for the joint ROM in active and passive left abduction and active right flexion, which had a high effect. In conclusion, training focused on static exercises can be considered an effective strategy to develop ROM, because it's possible to increase flexibility and stretch in lower extremities with a frequency of once a week in jazz dancing girls.