bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of TMAB and ZrC concentration on mechanical and morphological properties of Ni–B/ZrC composite electrodeposition
Authors: Hukumdar Omer , Kumlu Umut , Keskin Ali , Akar Mustafa A.
Published: December 2024

Coating of metal or nonmetallic materials made conductive can be achieved by electrodeposition method. Metals with low conductivity and cost, such as copper or steel, can be coated with materials with higher hardness, corrosion, and wear resistance, such as nickel and boron, and can meet the relevant requirements according to their usage areas. In this study, the impact of trimethylamine borane complex (TMAB) and zirconium carbide (ZrC) contents added to the bath concentrate in the Ni–B/ZrC composite coating applied on copper on the surface properties of electroplating was investigated. Electroplated specimens were examined with regard to mechanical, morphological, and corrosion resistance. The highest microhardness value was obtained in the coatings obtained with 6 g L−1 TMAB and 4 g L−1 ZrC bath concentration, and this value was found to be 1,020.4 H V. When examined in terms of coating morphology, it was seen that as the amount of TMAB increased, the ZrC content decreased over time. In the nanocomposite coating with 4 g L−1 ZrC concentration, which showed the best corrosion performance, the corrosion current decreased by 70 % compared to the Ni–B alloy.
Valuation of forward start option with mean reverting stock model for uncertain markets
Authors: Khan Muhammad Shoaib , Hussain Javed , Saeed Tareq
Published: December 2024

A forward start option is an exotic option with delayed activation and reduced premium that allows investors to avail market opportunities in the future. Moreover, mean-reversion explores the investment strategies. This study examines the pricing of forward start options based on the uncertain mean-reverting stock model by applying Liu’s uncertain finance. Call and put options pricing formulas are derived. The study depicts that the pricing patterns in uncertain environments are consistent with the common characteristics of financial markets.
A tutorial review of machine learning-based model predictive control methods
Authors: Wu Zhe , Christofides Panagiotis D. , Wu Wanlu , Wang Yujia , Abdullah Fahim , Alnajdi Aisha , Kadakia Yash
Published: December 2024

This tutorial review provides a comprehensive overview of machine learning (ML)-based model predictive control (MPC) methods, covering both theoretical and practical aspects. It provides a theoretical analysis of closed-loop stability based on the generalization error of ML models and addresses practical challenges such as data scarcity, data quality, the curse of dimensionality, model uncertainty, computational efficiency, and safety from both modeling and control perspectives. The application of these methods is demonstrated using a nonlinear chemical process example, with open-source code available on GitHub. The paper concludes with a discussion on future research directions in ML-based MPC.
Role of interferon regulatory factors in predicting the prognosis of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
Authors: Öksüz Caner , Doğan Halef Okan , Zararsız Gökmen , Elaldı Nazif , Büyüktuna Seyit Ali
Published: December 2024

Objectives

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe viral illness with a high fatality rate. The interferon response plays a crucial role in the antiviral defense against the CCHF virus (CCHFV). Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are essential for initiating and amplifying the interferon response. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the IRF response in CCHF patients for the first time.

Methods

This study investigated the expression levels of various IRFs (IRF-1, 2, 3, 4, and 7) in CCHF patients and evaluated their potential association with disease prognosis. The research encompassed a cohort of 60 CCHF patients and 30 healthy volunteers. CCHF was diagnosed with CCHFV positivity using PCR method and/or IgM detection using ELISA method. The quantitative sandwich ELISA technique was employed to determine the levels of serum IRF-1, IRF-2, IRF-3, IRF-4, IRF-7, interferon (IFN)-alpha, and IFN-beta.

Results

There were statistically significant differences in the levels of serum IRF-1, IRF-2, IRF-3, IRF-4, IRF-7, IFN-alpha, and IFN-beta between the patient and healthy control groups. Patients showed elevated levels in all these factors except for IRF-1. However, no statistically significant differences were found in IRF-1, IRF-2, IRF-3, IRF-4, IRF-7, IFN-alpha, and IFN-beta levels between patients who survived and those who died.

Conclusions

IFN-alpha and beta likely contribute to the immune response in CCHF. IRF-2, 3, 4, and 7 play crucial roles in IFN-alpha and beta expression, pivotal for the antiviral response in CCHF. Targeted interventions to modulate IRF-1 could alleviate disease severity and overall impact.
Auswirkungen von Laststeuerungsprogrammen auf Lieferketten
Authors: Füchtenhans Marc , Glock Christoph H.
Published: December 2024

Anreizbasierte Laststeuerungsprogramme ermöglichen es Netzbetreibern, die Stromnachfrage zu beeinflussen, die Netzstabilität zu erhöhen und erneuerbarer Energien besser zu integrieren. Während die Wirksamkeit dieser Anreize auf Stromnetze und die industrielle Planung in Studien untersucht wurde, fehlt eine Untersuchung ihrer Auswirkungen auf Lieferketten. In diesem Beitrag wird eine dreistufige Lieferkette analysiert, in der ein Hersteller Bestellungen von Großhändlern erhält und seine Produktion unter Berücksichtigung eines Laststeuerungsprogramms plant. Mit Hilfe einer numerischen Simulation wird der Einfluss solcher Programme auf Lagerbestände, die Lieferfähigkeit der Großhändler und die Auswirkungen auf Lieferketten untersucht.
Simulation und Bewertung von Fahrzeug-Produktionsstrategien
Authors: Hilmer Maximilian , Riedel Ralph , von Unwerth Thomas
Published: December 2024

Die Automobilindustrie steht aktuell vor großen Unsicherheiten und Herausforderungen. In diesem Spannungsfeld ist es für die Automobilhersteller entscheidend das Fahrzeugproduktionsnetzwerk strategisch richtig auszulegen, um den Mix an Antriebsarten kostenoptimiert produzieren zu können. Der vorliegende Beitrag liefert dazu, auf Basis eines konzipierten Simulationsmodells und der Anwendung an einem Fallbeispiel, Analysen und Bewertungen von verschiedenen Produktionsstrategien.
Frühzeitige Bewertung von Auswirkungen bei der Einführung neuer Produktvarianten
Authors: Demir Mehmet , Hingst Lennart , Schmidt Matthias , Nyhuis Peter
Published: December 2024

Um wettbewerbsfähig zu bleiben, müssen Unternehmen ein vielfältiges Produktportfolio anbieten, das den individuellen Wünschen der Kunden entspricht. Dies führt zu einer zunehmenden Variantenvielfalt und steigenden Kosten in Fabriksystemen. Die frühzeitige Erkennung der Unwirtschaftlichkeit von Produktvarianten vor Produktionsbeginn ist dabei von entscheidender Bedeutung. In diesem Beitrag wird die Relevanz und Kritikalität von Entscheidungen über die Einführung zusätzlicher Produktvarianten für Fabriksysteme aufgezeigt. Darauf aufbauend werden Anforderungen an ein Bewertungs- und Entscheidungsmodell formuliert, das die Vorhersage von Folgekosten im Fabriksystem ermöglicht.
Standortstrategieentwicklung und Roadmapping in globalen Produktionsnetzwerken
Authors: Martin Michael , Höß Carlos Wilhelm , Buchholz Johannes , Steier Gwen , Benfer Martin , Lanza Gisela
Published: December 2024

Globale Produktionsnetzwerke sind der zunehmenden Dynamik, Komplexität und Unsicherheit ihrer globalen Umwelt ausgesetzt. Dies liegt an zumeist historisch gewachsenen Netzwerken, die keine klare Strategie und die damit verbundene definierte Konfiguration besitzen. Die in diesem Beitrag vorgestellte Methodik zeigt, wie basierend auf einer Netzwerkanalyse bestehende Herausforderungen identifiziert und eine neue Strategie entwickelt werden kann. Eine detaillierte Roadmap kann dabei die wesentlichen Schritte zur Erreichung der Strategie und einer darauf abgestimmten Netzwerkkonfiguration zusammenfassen.
Kreislauffähige Produktionsnetzwerke
Authors: Peukert Sina , Martin Michael , Prank Steffen , Covre Luca
Published: December 2024

Um produzierende Unternehmen in der Transformation zu zirkulären Ökosystemen unterstützen zu können, wird die schrittweise Entwicklung einer ganzheitlichen Entscheidungsunterstützungsmethodik beschrieben. Basierend auf ausgewählten Kennzahlen erfolgt eine Bestimmung des Zirkularitätsreifegrads mit anschließender Ableitung potentiell zirkularitätsfördernder Maßnahmen, die daraufhin simulativ in Netzwerkkonfigurationen erprobt und bewertet werden.
IIoT-basierte Geschäftsmodelle für Komponentenhersteller
Authors: Dickopf Thomas , Forte Sven , Meinberg Yannik , Weber Markus
Published: December 2024

Dieser Beitrag zeigt am Beispiel eines deutschen Komponentenherstellersfür Motorspindeln, wie das Service-Geschäft durch neue technologische Ansätze revolutioniert werden kann. Durch die Anwendung der AAS in Edge-Cloud-Umgebungen wird über Datenmanagementsystemen Datendurchgängigkeit entlang des Lebenszyklus bis hin zu einem Serviceangebot in einem Gaia-X-basierten Ökosystem gewährleistet und gleichzeitig die industrielle Tauglichkeit dieser Ansätze und der Mehrwert für Anwender verdeutlicht.
Intelligente Wertschöpfungsnetzwerke für individuelle Fahrzeugentwicklung
Authors: Bönsch Jakob , Jelschow Vladimir , Haking Moritz , Bobbou Sleiman , Deisser Oliver
Published: December 2024

Die Entwicklung und Produktion von individuellen Fahrzeugen in Kleinserien bietet ein bislang nicht gehobenes und von Konzernen und großen OEMs vernachlässigtes Marktpotenzial. Der Aufbau eines digitalen Ecosystems für individuelle Fahrzeugentwicklung gibt kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen die Möglichkeit, dieses Marktsegment selbst zu besetzen. Der gemeinsame Datenraum und standardisierte Kernleistungen ermöglichen eine radikale Zusammenarbeit entlang des gesamten Ende-zu-Ende-Prozesses.
Mit vorausschauenden Produktionsstrategien Wachstum in sich wandelnden Märkten erreichen
Authors: Mezger Michael , Jurgeleit Thomas , Kopp Alexander
Published: December 2024

Produzierende Unternehmen sind zahlreichen Abhängigkeiten unterworfen und unterliegen in der modernen, volatilen Geschäftswelt ständigen Veränderungen. Das birgt einerseits Risiken, weil das bereits gesicherte Auftragsvolumen gewisse Schwankungen erfahren kann. Zugleich eröffnet es aber auch Chancen, weil Unternehmen Kapazitäten für neue Aufträge gewinnen und sich weiterentwickeln können. Um zukunftsfähig zu bleiben, reicht es nicht aus, sich allein auf Vergangenheitswerte, grobe Schätzungen und Momentaufnahmen zu verlassen, um für neue Produkte und Kundenprojekte oder mögliche Auftragsmengensteigerungen die erforderlichen Kapazitäten bereit zu stellen. Notwendig ist ein klares Verständnis für die Grundauslastung der Produktion und die Befähigung, auf zukünftige Ereignisse wie Wachstum, aber auch Krisen zu reagieren. Möglich wird das mit einem strukturierten Baseline Management.
A arqueologia histórico-cultural da República Velha e os estudos de indústrias líticas Sambaquiana (1890 – 1930)
Authors: Alves Arthur Braga , Gaspar Maria Dulce
Published: December 2024

Neste artigo continuamos a apresentar o histórico das pesquisas sobre sambaquis, com foco nos estudos e discussões acerca das indústrias líticas, buscando entender a relação entre a prática científica e os paradigmas de cada momento histórico nesse campo específico. Cabe destacar que essa é a segunda publicação de uma série, neste trabalho abordamos a arqueologia do final do Império e durante a República Velha, período que se caracteriza pela continuidade dos esquemas tipológicos baseados nos estudos de morfologia de peças líticas e das interpretações a partir da ótica do evolucionismo cultural unilinear, difusionismo e positivismo, inseridas no paradigma histórico-cultural herdado da arqueologia do período imperial. Apresenta, também, o desenvolvimento próprio da disciplina com a produção de sínteses regionais, investigação da associação entre diferentes tipos de sítios, com maior acúmulo de dados científicos e criação de coleções de peças arqueológicas. Aponta para o amadurecimento da disciplina que se torna mais moderna a partir da década de 1930.
Autorização discursiva e descentramentos identitários na narrativa de Amara Moira
Authors: da Conceição Pereira Silva Danillo , De Jesus Santos Éverton
Published: December 2024

O presente estudo propõe uma leitura da obra e se eu fosse puta? (2016), da intelectual transfeminista Amara Moira, produzida a partir de uma escrita autobiográfica. Diante do processo estrutural de silenciamento ao qual pessoas travestis são submetidas na sociedade brasileira, buscamos compreender que descentramentos identitários são produzidos quando uma travesti puta agencia a palavra literária e, assim, fala desde sua posição enunciativa. Para tanto, são acionadas epistemologias transfeministas e putafeministas engajadas na decolonização dos feminismos, em face da escuta de vozes de mulheres histórica e sistematicamente invisibilizadas na produção do conhecimento, tal como propõem as perspectivas teórico-analíticas da colonialidade de gênero, da cisnormatividade e da subalternidade. Mediante uma leitura cartográfica da obra, foi possível elaborar uma interpretação que aponta para a contestação de regimes de autorização discursiva produzida pela ocupação da posição de autoria por um corpo-voz subalternizado que reivindica, então, sua possibilidade de autorrepresentação.
Circuit Reorganization of Subicular Cell-Type–Specific Interneurons in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Fei Fan , Wang Xia , Fan Xukun , Gong Yiwei , Yang Lin , Wang Yu , Xu Cenglin , Wang Shuang , Chen Zhong , Wang Yi
Published: December 2024

The subiculum represents a crucial brain pivot in regulating seizure generalization in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), primarily through a synergy of local GABAergic and long-projecting glutamatergic signaling. However, little is known about how subicular GABAergic interneurons are involved in a cell-type–specific way. Here, employing Ca2+fiber photometry, retrograde monosynaptic viral tracing, and chemogenetics in epilepsy models of both male and female mice, we elucidate circuit reorganization patterns mediated by subicular cell-type–specific interneurons and delineate their functional disparities in seizure modulation in TLE. We reveal distinct functional dynamics of subicular parvalbumin+ and somatostatin+ interneurons during secondary generalized seizure. These interneuron subtypes have their biased circuit organizations in terms of both input and output patterns, which undergo distinct reorganization in chronic epileptic condition. Notably, somatostatin+ interneurons exert more effective feedforward inhibition onto pyramidal neurons compared with parvalbumin+ interneurons, which engenders consistent antiseizure effects in TLE. These findings provide an improved understanding of different subtypes of subicular interneurons in circuit reorganization in TLE and supplement compelling proofs for precise treatment of epilepsy by targeting subicular somatostatin+ interneurons.
Thyroid response to blocking sympathetic activity in chronic cold-exposed hunters in East Greenland: a case–control study
Authors: Jensen Mette Motzfeldt , Almasi Charlotte Elberling , Florian-Sørensen Hans Christian , Andersen Stine Linding , Andersen Stig
Published: December 2024

Graphical Abstract

Background

Thyroid hormones and sympathetic stimulation are needed for activating brown adipose tissue (BAT) during cold exposure. Studies of human cold exposure have demonstrated both increased production and raised clearance of triiodothyronine (T3). Greenlandic hunters provide a unique model for evaluating metabolic effects of cold exposure.

Aim

We aimed to explore the dynamics of thyroid hormones when blocking sympathetic activity in Greenlandic hunters during winter to inspire knowledge on mechanisms of BAT activation.

Methods

We conducted a 7-day field study of Greenlandic hunters (n = 7) in East Greenland in February. The sympathetic system was blocked using a non-selective beta blocker for seven consecutive days. A group of non-hunter Greenlanders (n = 8) from the same settlement was included for parallel sampling. All participants were healthy men. Blood samples were drawn daily for measurement of TSH, thyroid hormone levels and thyroglobulin.

Results

Hunters had higher serum thyroglobulin, TSH and fT3/fT4 ratio compared to controls. Blocking the sympathetic activity was followed by changes in serum thyroglobulin and fT3 with an initial decrease and subsequent restoration of levels, while TSH and fT4 showed a gradual increase over the course of the study. The fT3/fT4 ratio showed a continuous and marked decrease.

Conclusion

We speculate that when blocking the sympathetic system, TSH increases to uphold the production of T3 needed for maintaining BAT activity. In addition, alterations of fT3/fT4 ratio support a hypothesis of adrenergic stimulation promoting T3 over T4 secretion from the thyroid via adrenergic nerve terminals in the thyroid.
Effects of precoating color formulation with coarse ground calcium carbonate and porous precipitated calcium carbonate on paperboard properties and printability
Authors: Kim Sun Goo , Yoo Sung Jong , Lee Yong Kyu , Seo Jin-Ho
Published: December 2024

To identify suitable pigments for the precoating of paperboard, the rheological properties of coating colors and their effects on the surface and printing properties of coated paperboard were evaluated with respect to the type and combination of coating pigments. The investigation included porous precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) and four types of coarse ground calcium carbonate (GCC) of different sizes. As the GCC particle size increased, the viscosity of the coating color decreased in the low-shear region, and the degree of dehydration increased. Coatings containing PCC, which comprised relatively small and highly porous particles, were found to be less dehydrated than coatings containing only GCC. The surface roughness of the coated paperboard increased as the GCC particle size increased, leading to reduced paper gloss. However, increasing the GCC particle size decreased the binder usage and increased surface strength. In conclusion, it is believed that the use of 55-grade GCC rather than the smaller size of 60-grade GCC can reduce costs and enhance surface strength by reducing binder and energy.
Improving bleachability of thermomechanical pulp by ozone–hydrogen peroxide system
Authors: Lee Ho Sang , Kim Kang-Jae , Seo Jin-Ho
Published: December 2024

Thermomechanical pulp (TMP) was bleached with an ozone–hydrogen peroxide system, with the addition of hydrogen peroxide and ethylene glycol to enhance bleaching efficacy. The ISO brightness of TMP increased proportionally with higher concentrations of hydrogen peroxide across all sequences. Notably, TMP treated with the ozone and hydrogen peroxide sequence (ZP sequence) exhibited ISO brightness levels comparable to those of TMP bleached with hydrogen peroxide alone. However, the addition of hydrogen peroxide during the Z stage of the pZP sequence resulted in a 2.4% increase in ISO brightness and enhanced lignin solubility. A brief alkaline extraction step in the pZEP sequence led to a significant 4.3% increase in ISO brightness, though this improvement was accompanied by a yield loss due to removal of lignin in the E stage. Furthermore, the addition of polyethylene glycol alleviated yield loss by enhancing the selectivity of ozone bleaching, while effectively maintaining a stable ISO brightness.
A Case of a Fibrous Omphalomesenteric Duct Remnant Causing an Intestinal Obstruction in an Adult
Authors: Tonneau Camille , Herve Jerome , Nebbot Benjamin , Cappeliez Olivier , Pather Sanjiva , Saliba Thomas
Published: December 2024

The omphalomesenteric canal (OMC) is an important embryonic structure that normally regresses during development. OMC remnant persistance is rare and can lead to complications such as small intestinal obstruction. We report the case of an 18-year-old male with flu-like symptoms, abdominal pain, fever, and a positive McBurney sign. A CT scan raised the suspicion of occlusion, prompting surgery, revealing a fibrous band from the umbilicus to the mesocolon around which the right colon and caecum were wrapped. OMC anomalies are generally encountered in children, with a large spectrum of possibilities causing various problems. Diagnosis is challenging, with symptoms often mimicking other conditions, often necessitating surgery to obtain a definitive diagnosis. Intestinal obstruction is a severe complication, necessitating urgent surgical resection. Radiological imaging mainly serves to prompt surgical intervention as it is limited in directly visualizing fibrous bands, with surgery remaining the best way to obtain a diagnosis, as well as allowing concomitant treatment.
Voicing the Text, Texting the Voice: Transmediation in a Poetry Reading by Louise Glück
Authors: Svensson Jimmie
Published: December 2024

This article examines the process of transformation from a written poem by Louise Glück to the poet’s oral reading of it, from a semiotic and intermedial perspective. Glück uses Poet Voice, a widespread reading style characterized by a highly stylized prosodic evenness and predictable use of pitch. Whereas an essential trait of traditional metrical verse is its interplay between the artificial, regular meter and a prosodically more natural reading, non-metrical verse such as Glück’s depends on its visual segmentation into lines, often in conflict with syntax. By using Poet Voice, which conflicts with conventional prosody, these essential characteristics of poetry can be transmediated to the oral reading. While this does suppress expressiveness, it helps produce additional meaning in a way specific to poetry, by means of iconicity. The breakthrough of non-metrical verse around 1900 was accompanied by a visual turn; continental theory further contributed to an increased focus on the written text and to skepticism about a traditional lyrical “I.” The second half of the 20th century, however, saw an oral turn, with the poet emerging as the reader or performer of his or her own texts. In this historical context, this oral reading style balances conflicting tendencies by imitating characteristics of the written text: undecidedness, neutrality, and openness to interpretation.
Dramatic Space: Translating Euripides’ Medea into Lithuanian, Latvian, and Estonian
Authors: Dikmonienė Jovita , Bodniece Līva , Lotman Maria-Kristiina
Published: December 2024

This article analyzes the translations of Euripides’ Medea into Lithuanian, Estonian and Latvian languages. It investigates how translators convey or adapt the original space of ancient theatre and drama in the meta-discourse and discourse of tragedy. The article has three main parts devoted to Benediktas Kazlauskas’ Lithuanian translation, Augusts Ģiezens’ Latvian translation, and Tiit Palu’s Estonian adaptation. Each part is divided into subsections, where the mimetic and diegetic space of ancient drama, stage directions, and objects of space: house, bed, and door are analyzed. The meta-discourse of Kazlauskas and Ģiezens is compared to the English translation by David Kovacs. The study examines what new symbolic meanings Euripides assigns to spatial objects and how he reinterprets the meanings of home as a place of security and family, giving it new connotations. The article concludes that the translations of Euripides’ Medea from the three Baltic countries represent the dramatic space differently because the translators adhere to different ideologies.
The philological translations of Kazlauskas and Ģiezens are similar due to the rendering of the ancient meter and are focused on the reader, while Tiit Palu’s adaptation is made for the theatre. Kazlauskas calls Medea’s house a “palace”, giving the space epicness, solemnity and formality. It can also be seen that his euphemistic language reflects the censorship of the Soviet era – not to translate words denoting the sexual sphere. Ģiezens’ translation into Latvian emphasizes the personal and intimate aspects of the drama. Tiit Palu’s Estonian adaptation focuses on the psychological depth of the drama, partially preserving the spatial and architectural integrity of the original while contextualizing ancient myth in the contemporary situation to make it more accessible for a modern audience. Each translator adapts the dramatic space to suit cultural contexts, balancing fidelity to Euripides’ original with accessibility to modern readers and audiences.
Dirty Vote Film: Unruly Politics Movement In Digital Space
Authors: Ferdiansah Farabi
Published: December 2024

Dirty Vote: Unruly Politics Movement in Digital Space analyzes the impact of the documentary film ‘Dirty Vote’ which released during Indonesia's pre-election quiet period. This documentary exposes alleged election fraud and abuses of power under President Joko Widodo's leaders. Dirty Vote represents a form of unruly politics, challenging formal political structures and fostering public discourse on political transparency. The term “unruly politics” is used to describe political engagement that operates outside conventional norms and institutions. In this case, Dirty Vote symbolizes a non-traditional, confrontational form of political discourse that utilizes digital media to bypass official restrictions.Through digital platforms, Dirty Vote has significant attention, underscoring the role of social media in amplifying marginalized voices and circumventing governmental restrictions. This analysis situates the film within broader discussions of digital activism, demonstrating how digital spaces enable citizens to address systemic political issues and advocate for democratic integrity.
The Hyperreality of Political Power: Political Condition of Indonesia During Pandemic in the Postmodern Era
Authors: Sirojjudin Achmad Maulana , Suryadipta Wardhana Anak Agung Ngurah Agung
Published: December 2024

This article discusses Indonesia’s political power regarding policies dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic crisis through a postmodern perspective. Disruption of information as one of the characteristics of postmodernism has shown us that various media can mix all realities. The use of various media has made individuals experience confusion in drawing a real reality. A hyperreal form of meaning replaces the existing reality because it is formed by individual narratives replacing metanarratives. Meanwhile, factual truth has also been replaced by alternative truths that are the favorites of everyone. This study uses a qualitative descriptive analysis method through literature studies, instrumental case studies, and phenomenology. Facts and truth have become biased, saturated into more micro and individual forms, so individuals now have autonomy over their truth. This truth is due to hyperreality, where the sign becomes more real than reality itself. The Indonesian government’s policy regarding this pandemic is a reality that individuals want to abandon or take up. This dynamic form is currently happening in Indonesian society. Regarding the pandemic, the community has its own narrative in assessing vaccines as a tool to eradicate the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Audience Polemic Toward President Jokowi's Policies on Facebook
Authors: Wahid Umaimah , Saeno Saeno , Martianto Raden Wahyu Utomo , Mulyono Tsabita Najla
Published: December 2024

Jokowi's and the government's policies addressing the COVID-19 pandemic have generated positive and negative reactions among social media users. The government/President Jokowi's policies are considered slow, indecisive, disorienting, changing, and confusing to the public. This study aims to uncover and interpret the significance of social media users' acceptance of President Jokowi's policies in addressing COVID-19. The research uses cultural studies, reception analysis, and text analysis theories. The study's findings reveal that individuals from diverse backgrounds, such as lecturers and researchers, despite having the same profession, interpret President Jokowi's leadership status differently on social media. The community perceives several presidential/government policies as irrelevant and lacking strategic value. The community expects strong leadership in handling a crisis as big as COVID-19. Some informants like and believe in President Jokowi's leadership style, while others believe in the government/president but hope for more strategic public policies. However, some informants who do not hold this belief view the policy as inappropriate, not strategic, and merely an image. In order to confront the COVID-19 pandemic as a national disaster, all country components must build collaboration and solidarity through appropriate policies.
Factors Associated With Early Computed Tomography Imaging in Children Hospitalized With Severe Orbital Infections
Authors: Yu Winnie W. , Borkhoff Cornelia M. , Mahant Sanjay , Drouin Olivier , Pound Catherine , Quet Julie , Wahi Gita , Bayliss Ann , Vomiero Gemma , Foulds Jessica L. , Kanani Ronik , Sakran Mahmoud , Sehgal Anupam , Cichon Jessica , Pullenayegum Eleanor , Widjaja Elysa , Reginald Arun , Wolter Nikolaus E. , Parkin Patricia C. , Gill Peter J.
Published: December 2024

OBJECTIVE

We identified factors associated with computed tomographic (CT) imaging within 24 hours of emergency department (ED) presentation in hospitalized children with severe orbital infections.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted that included children aged 2 months to 18 years between 2009 and 2018 who were admitted to the hospital with severe orbital infections, including periorbital and orbital cellulitis. Multivariable modified Poisson regression was used to identify possible factors associated with receiving a CT scan within 24 hours of ED presentation.

RESULTS

Of 1144 children, 494 (43.2%) received a CT scan within 24 hours of ED presentation. Factors associated with receiving a CT scan within 24 hours included sex (male; adjusted relative risk [aRR], 1.18; 95% CI, 1.04–1.33), hospitalized at a children’s hospital (aRR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.32–2.45), consulted by both ophthalmology and otolaryngology (aRR, 3.12; 95% CI, 2.35–4.13) or either ophthalmology (aRR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.66–2.90) or otolaryngology (aRR, 2.66; 95% CI, 1.84–3.86), and had proptosis (aRR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.24–1.57) or eye swollen shut (aRR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.13–1.43) as clinical signs upon ED presentation. Children aged younger than 5 years were less likely to receive early CT imaging (aRR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.53–0.74). There were no associations between time of ED triage, temperature greater than 38 °C, or inflammatory markers with early CT imaging.

CONCLUSION

Although several patient and hospital factors associated with early CT imaging decisions in children with severe orbital infections are associated with more severe infections, newly identified risk factors, such as inflammatory markers, were not. These findings will help better the understanding of clinical management and indications for CT imaging.
Management of Tidal Wetland Restoration and Fish in the Upper San Francisco Estuary: Where are We Now and How Do We Move Forward? A Summary of the 2023 Wetland Science Symposium
Authors:   California Department of Water Resources, Hartman Rosemary , Young Matthew ,   US Geological Survey, Sherman Stacey ,   California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Ayers David ,   University of California–Davi, Brusati Elizabeth ,   Delta Stewardship Council, Chapple Dylan ,   Delta Stewardship Council, Mendonsa Emma ,   California Department of Water Resources, Hard Edward ,   California State Parks, Conrad J. Louise ,   California Department of Water Resources
Published: December 2024

Tidal wetland restoration to benefit at-risk fish species in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta and Suisun Marsh has gained momentum over the past decade, much of it in response to mitigation requirements for the State Water Project and Central Valley Project. In fall 2023, the Department of Water Resources and the State Water Contractors convened a symposium, entitled Delta–Suisun Tidal Wetland Restoration Symposium: State of the Science and Future Directions, to discuss the latest wetland restoration research and future directions. The symposium was held 10 years after the 2013 symposium Tidal Marshes and Native Fishes in the Delta: Will Restoration Make a Difference?, and so served as an opportunity to follow up on the progress that has been made over the past decade. This paper synthesizes the key findings from the 2023 workshop.

The paper begins with the historical context of wetland restoration in the Delta and Suisun Marsh, and outlines the restoration process as it is currently implemented. It then describes the monitoring of tidal wetlands in terms of their capacity to support fish (capacity), the opportunity fish have to use the habitat (opportunity), and the realized functions provided when fish actually use the site.

Finally, the paper identifies priority science actions to advance our understanding and management of tidal wetland restoration sites. These actions include further research into fish habitat utilization, improved monitoring techniques, and enhanced adaptive-management strategies. This list of information needs is intended to inform future monitoring of restoration sites, scientific studies, funding, and prioritization of wetland research.
Presença de pessoas com deficiência e condição socioeconômica dos domicílios gaúchos
Authors: Souza da Silva Gabriel , Da Rosa dos Santos Diego , Pengo Bagolin Izete
Published: December 2024

Este trabalho tem como objetivo entender se a presença de pessoa com deficiência impacta na renda domiciliar per capita e na probabilidade de um domicílio se encontrar em situação de pobreza ou extrema pobreza. Utilizando os dados do Censo Demográfico de 2010 do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), foram estimados e comparados três modelos que buscaram testar as hipóteses que (1) domicílios em que pelo menos um morador é pessoa com deficiência apresentarão igual probabilidade de estar em situação de pobreza e extrema pobreza em comparação a domicílios sem pessoa com deficiência e (2) domicílios em que pelo menos um morador é pessoa com deficiência apresentarão maior probabilidade de possuírem renda per capita inferior a um salário-mínimo (R$ 510). Os resultados encontrados confirmam as hipóteses para os modelos de extrema pobreza e pobreza, sendo que a presença de uma pessoa com deficiência no domicílio reduz as chances de a renda familiar per capita ficar abaixo destas respectivas linhas de pobreza. No entanto, é maior a probabilidade de esses domicílios possuírem renda domiciliar abaixo de um salário-mínimo.
Bactris guineensis, an underutilized Costa Rican palm fruit: juice processing and its nutritional profile
Authors: Cortés-Herrera Carolina , Pérez Ana M. , Vaillant Fabrice
Published: December 2024

Introduction. Bactris guineensis is a crop that produces visually appealing fruits resembling purple-black grapes with round seeds. This palm species naturally thrives in the lowland regions of tropical America. However, limited information available about this fruit. Objective. To investigate the nutritional composition, bioactive compound content, antioxidant capacity, and aroma profile of the huiscoyol fruit grown in Costa Rica, as well as to evaluate the effects of juice processing (enzymatic maceration and thermal treatment) on its bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity. Materials and methods. Fruits were collected from randomly selected palms and bunches in Guanacaste Conservation Area, specifically in Palo Verde and Cañas, during peak harvest years (2007, 2011, 2014, and 2016). Nutritional composition, bioactive compound content, antioxidant capacity, and aroma and polyphenol profiles were analyzed. Juices were prepared using thermal treatment, enzymatic maceration, and a combination of both methods. The bioactive compound content and antioxidant capacity were assessed following each treatment. Results. Huiscoyol fruit exhibited high fiber content [7.3 ± 2.5 g per 100 g of fresh weight (fw)], and significant potassium content (307 ± 98 mg per 100 g fw). Anthocyanin levels ranged from 28.3 to 47.9 mg per 100 g fw, with cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside as the predominant compound. Total polyphenol content varied between 219 and 1,013 mg gallic acid equivalents per 100 g fw. Vitamin C content reached a maximum of 48 mg per 100 g fw. Antioxidant capacity, as measured by H-ORAC, ranged from 6,690 to 14,688 μmol Trolox equivalents per 100 g fw. Enzymatic maceration and thermal treatments applied to the juice did not significantly affect the bioactive compounds content or antioxidant activity (p > 0.05). Conclusion. Huiscoyol fruit demonstrate nutritional and antioxidant potential, making it promising ingredient for funtional beverages. Its bioactive components, such as polyphenols and anthocyanins, showed remarkable stability under thermal and enzymatic processing conditions.
How many syllables do you hear? Korean perception of English coda plosives
Authors: Kim Jungyeon
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the direct perception of foreign structures in loanword phonology, concentrating on whether Korean listeners unnecessarily perceive an illusory vowel after a word-final plosive of English since a word-final voiceless plosive is permissible in their native language. In a syllable counting experiment, Korean participants listened to English nonce forms ending in a plosive and they indicated the number of syllables in each word. This study examined six different linguistic factors that may contribute to the perception of loanword borrowers including release, voicing and place of coda plosive, vowel tenseness, final stress and word size. The current results show that Korean listeners do perceive an extra syllable when the English pseudoword ends in a released plosive or in a syllable containing a tense vowel. This finding supports the hypothesis of adaptation in perception that unmotivated vowel insertion results from the misperception of English words rather than from a production grammar maintaining perceptual similarity between the English form and Korean pronunciation.
Intraoperative complication rates in cataract surgery performed by women and men surgeons in a tertiary eye care centre in Hungary
Authors: Magyar M. , Tóth G. , Ujváry L. , Sándor G.L. , Nagy Z.Z.
Published: December 2024

Purpose

The aim of our study was to compare intraoperative complication rates in cataract surgeries performed by women and men surgeons and to analyse the possible impact of surgeon–patient gender difference on intraoperative complication rates in a tertiary eye care centre in Hungary.

Materials/Methods

This retrospective study looked at cases of cataract surgery involving phacoemulsification performed between January and December 2019. There were no exclusion criteria. In each case, patient demographics, patient clinical history, surgeon gender, case complexity, and operative details were reviewed. Primary outcomes included intraoperative complication rates.

Results

A total of 2,156 operations were included in the study, 1,295 (60.1%) of which were performed by men surgeons and 861 (39.9%) by women surgeons. The overall complication rate was 4.7% (n = 101). There was no significant difference (P = 0.728) in the intraoperative complication rate between the surgeries performed by women (n = 42, 4.9%) and men (n = 59, 4.6%) in either the simple (P = 0.214) or the complex (P = 0.508) cataract cases. Intraoperative complication rates were analysed in the two surgeon gender groups among both women and men patients. No significant difference was found in any of the compared groups.

Conclusions

Intraoperative complication rates were similar in the surgeries performed by women and men specialists. Our study showed that neither surgeon–patient gender difference nor surgeon–patient gender concordance had a significant impact on complication rates during phacoemulsification cataract surgery.
Investigating alternative foundation systems for offshore wind turbines in liquefiable soils
Authors: Español-Espinel C. , Gaudio D. , Madabhushi S. P. G.
Published: December 2024

As the offshore wind industry expands into the Asia-Pacific (APAC) countries, seismic considerations become important in the design of foundations, especially when liquefaction of shallow layers can occur under seismic loading. This paper presents centrifuge modelling of three foundation systems for offshore wind turbines (OWTs) installed in liquefiable soil, specifically a monopile, a composite system with a monopile and an outrigger, and an outrigger-only system. The performance of the three foundations in supporting identical OWTs subjected to a combination of operational and earthquake loading is discussed. The rotational stiffness of these three foundations is investigated before, during and after seismic loading. The key findings suggest that the monopile experiences earthquake-induced rotation exceeding the allowable threshold recommended by the DNV standard from 2021, DNV-ST-0126, and the recommended practice of the same year DNV-RP-0585. Although the hybrid foundation is expected to perform better compared to the monopile and the outrigger as separate foundations, the outrigger as a stand-alone structure is the foundation that exhibits less rotation. However, this advantage comes at the cost of larger settlements. Overall, the outrigger-only foundation provided a reasonably consistent solution for supporting OWTs in areas prone to liquefaction induced by earthquakes.
EICP-enhanced fracture healing: bridging microfluidic observations and macroscale applications
Authors: Zhao Chang , Xiao Yang , He Xiang , Cui Hao , Liu Hanlong
Published: December 2024

Bio-mediated carbonate precipitation is crucial in mineral formation and geological evolution, with enzymatically induced carbonate precipitation (EICP) gaining attention for its potential in fracture healing. In this study, the effectiveness of EICP technique was explored in healing fractures across micro-to-macro scales. The pore-scale healing process of real rock fractures was observed in rock-based micromodels. Heterogeneous nucleation sites tended to form on the rock interfaces and subsequently facilitate crystal growth. Moreover, the distribution of precipitates along an extended microchannel was analysed to examine the micro-scale non-uniformity issues related to biocementation. The interaction between flow dynamics and precipitation was employed to interpret the mechanisms underlying fracture healing by way of biocementation. For a broader macro-scale perspective, temporal–spatial distribution of precipitates was visualised by conducting grouting tests within an artificial fracture between transparent glass plates, recorded through time-lapse photography. These visual findings were further validated through column-scale tests involving fractured limestone rock samples, showing that precipitated calcium carbonate (CaCO3) reduced permeability reduction and caused pore clogging. By cross-referencing microfluidic findings with outcomes of macro-scale experiments, the study demonstrates the consistency of size-scale and continuity of time-scale effects across various scales, enhancing the comprehension of the EICP process across various scales, and validating the potential of biocementation in fracture healing.
Seismic vulnerability and isolation bearing optimisation in curved continuous beam bridges
Authors: Chen Ruilin , Li Rui , Jia Yi , Wang Yubian
Published: December 2024

Lead–rubber bearings (LRBs) are used in seismic isolation for bridges, yet optimising their mechanical parameters to enhance seismic performance remains an unresolved challenge. Current methods lack a systematic approach to parameter optimisation that effectively balances bridge component vulnerabilities under seismic loads. Here, a mechanical parameter optimisation framework tailored for bridge seismic isolation bearings is proposed. Using a finite-element model of a three-span curved beam bridge, seismic vulnerability curves for both the bridge components and the entire system were plotted based on the incremental dynamic analysis method. Non-linear time history analysis was then employed to determine the mechanical parameter ranges for the LRBs. Subsequently, the Box–Behnken response surface design and a genetic algorithm were used to optimise these parameters, with the system's seismic vulnerability as the optimisation objective. The results demonstrate that the pre-yield stiffness, post-yield stiffness and yield force of the LRBs influenced the seismic response of the curved continuous beam bridge. The optimised parameters, when K1 = 12.53 kN/mm and Q = 187.65 kN, minimised the damage probability of the bridge pier. Although the bearing displacement increased, the overall seismic performance of the bridge improved due to reduced pier displacement and controlled vulnerabilities. This outcome confirms the effectiveness of the proposed optimisation framework.
Spatial deployment optimisation for public charging stations with coverage equilibrium
Authors: Zhou Songlin , Hao Wei , Zhang Zhaolei , Zeng Qiang , Byon Young-Ji
Published: December 2024

In recent years, electric vehicles have developed rapidly, leading to a lack of charging facilities. In this paper, a method using spatial data such as roads, population and points of interest was proposed to identify areas with low coverage and low match of public charging stations (PCSs). Then, a modified maximal coverage location problem (MCLP) was used to install PCSs in these relatively mismatched areas. The lower the match, the higher the priority for PCS installation. To test this method, an area within the second ring road of Changsha, China, was selected as the study area. The areas with low coverage and low match were effectively extracted. A proportion of 85.3% of the low match grids were covered by constructing 100 new PCSs, and the average coverage and average match in these grids was increased by 145% and 73%, respectively. Compared to the classical MCLP, this method achieved a 7% and 10% higher coverage ratio and match ratio in the study area. This study analyses the relationship between supply and demand in charging and introduces this relationship into MCLP. This technical framework can offer a new perspective on facility sitting and can be simple and practical.
A principled exception to the Müller-Takano Generalization: A belated follow-up to Richards (2004)
Authors: Zompì Stanislao
Published: December 2024

According to the Müller-Takano Generalization (Müller 1993; Takano 1994), a remnant that contains a trace resulting from a given type of movement cannot itself undergo that same type of movement. I argue that Richards’ (2004) data from Bulgarian “Russian-doll” wh-questions constitute principled exceptions to this generalization under an approach that derives it from a minimality condition on movement paths. Alternative approaches to the generalization have a harder time deriving such exceptions.