bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La route : quel espace graphique ?
Authors: Berthou Benoît
Published: August 2019

Peut-on concevoir une route sans inscriptions ? Permettre une circulation, ériger le déplacement au rang de trajectoire : autant d’ambitions qui ne semblent trouver solution qu’à travers la définition d’une signalétique mobilisant balises, repères ou indications. Lignes continues, discontinues, zébras, typographies représenteraient ainsi l’essence de la route, et nous proposons de les aborder au regard d’une hypothèse : le propre de la route est de nier toute forme de créativité du trait, de ne jamais se définir comme graphique. Nous appréhenderons ainsi dans un premier temps la route à travers une singulière entreprise : la construction d’un code instituant graphiquement l’information et bannissant toute forme d’équivoque. Le mettant par la suite en perspective vis-à-vis d’autres systèmes graphiques propres aux transports (rail et air), nous nous demanderons si la route ne dépend pas d’une certaine attitude face à l’information : aux points de vue « sémantiques » et « esthétiques » chers à Abraham Moles, il faudrait ajouter une approche « signalétique ».
La Première Guerre mondiale au miroir de la bande dessinée
Authors: Robert Pascal
Published: August 2019

La bande dessinée, si elle raconte la Première Guerre mondiale, permet aussi de la comprendre. Cet article propose de travailler avec la notion de décor-actant (et de corps-décor-actant, à l’instar des mutilés ou des morts) pour montrer comment le décor, par l’information qu’il offre aux lecteurs, permet de mettre en scène des formes d’intelligibilité, voire même des modes de raisonnement graphiques. Il s’appuie sur les œuvres majeures de J. Tardi et D. Vandermeulen, qui offrent deux visions contrastées de la guerre à travers deux styles graphiques éloignés. Vision privilégiée du poilu d’un côté, vision des rapports de pouvoir entre mondes scientifiques, industriels, politiques et militaires de l’autre ; vision morale d’un côté, vision politique de l’autre. Ce que le décor, qui s’avère loin d’être un décorum (comme le souligne P. Fresnault-Deruelle) met en scène et (dé)montre avec pertinence.
Des fourmis , des papillons , des poissons , des sauterelles aux prises avec deux ethnologues de l’exposition
Authors: Schiele Bernard
Published: August 2019

L’étude du comportement des visiteurs dans l’exposition Vacances en France par Eliseo Verón et Martine Levasseur, publiée en 1983, a contribué à structurer le champ des recherches sur l’exposition, au moment où elle se présentait comme un nouvel objet d’étude. Leur approche se distancie des travaux qui se limitaient à l’analyse du dispositif uniquement, tout comme de ceux qui ne s’en tenaient qu’à l’observation empirique des visiteurs. Ils articulent dans un même cadre conceptuel l’intention des concepteurs aux stratégies d’appropriation des visiteurs, le dispositif de l’exposition jouant un rôle d’intermédiaire, de moyen terme, entre les deux. Ainsi, le comportement du visiteur peut être interprété comme le résultat d’une négociation entre les propriétés du discours proposé et les stratégies d’appropriation. Et la visite de l’exposition est conçue comme un moment d’interaction entre deux régimes de discours.
Sur les pas de Verón… Une approche des nouvelles conditions de circulation du sens à l’ère contemporaine
Authors: Carlón Mario , Gomez-Mejia Gustavo , Cortinovis Odile
Published: August 2019

Cet article propose un retour sur l’œuvre de Verón, en particulier ses théories sur la médiatisation, sur la circulation du sens (communication) et sur les énonciateurs et énonciataires (institutions, médias, collectifs d’acteurs individuels et individus). L’auteur montre comment Verón a effectué une caractérisation aiguë des situations moderne et postmoderne à partir de ces différents niveaux et propose un dispositif analytique pour étudier les dimensions spatiale et temporelle de la circulation contemporaine, caractérisée par des contenus qui « voyagent » des réseaux sociaux aux médias de masse et vice-versa. L’approche des nouvelles conditions de la circulation du sens semble alors essentielle pour rendre compte des changements de notre culture médiatique contemporaine.
Opioid Use in Long-Term Care: Guidelines and Policy Recommendations
Authors: Edelman Linda S. , Hemmert Rachael
Published: August 2019

Older adults living in long-term care (LTC) settings experience a higher incidence of chronic pain than those living in the community and are prescribed opioids at approximately twice the rate. Opioids are effective in managing pain in LTC residents, who are often not candidates for nonopioid pharmacological or nonpharmacological therapies. The recent Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guideline for opioid stewardship recommends conservative opioid prescribing and discourages long-term opioid use for chronic pain management, raising concern that pain may not be adequately treated for LTC residents. The Society for Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Medicine recently published a policy statement that addresses responsible opioid stewardship in LTC. The current article describes clinical guidelines and standards that can guide LTC nurses in assessing, treating, and monitoring opioid use so that residents have diminished pain without significant adverse events. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 45
(9), 5–10.]
Now What? The Lived Experience of Women Forced to Retire and Implications to Health in Later Life
Authors: Sheppard Francine Hebert , Welborn Amber
Published: August 2019

Women in the United States are retiring at an unprecedented rate, with many retirements driven by recent economic downturns and social expectations, such as caregiving. Successful retirement transition is a key component of happiness during older adulthood, but many factors suggest that forced retirement may have a negative impact on health. The purpose of the current research study was to explore the lived experiences of women who were forced to retire. The current study population comprised 10 women, age ≥55, recruited from community settings to participate in individual semi-structured interviews. Participants shared common experiences, despite having different reasons for retiring. The overarching theme of
Now What? Denied the Opportunity to Mentally Prepare
was identified. Findings suggest opportunities for nurses to assess women for mental and physical health indicators and assist them as they transition into retirement, particularly if the retirement was unplanned. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 57
(10), 12–16.]
Monarquía y nación a través de la visita de Isabel II a Andalucía en 1862. La dimensión cultural de las ceremonias reales
Authors: Núñez-García Víctor Manuel
Published: August 2019

Los reyes españoles contemporáneos pusieron en marcha una decidida transformación de la Corona, con el fin de adaptar la institución a las necesidades de los nuevos tiempos. Entre las transformaciones que se operan progresivamente destacan las formas de nacionalización a través de la institución monárquica implementando el amplio abanico de rituales y ceremonias propias del monarquismo banal —performing monarchy—, sistematizado y perfeccionado en la época de Alfonso XIII, período histórico en el que la hasta entonces vetusta institución monárquica logra adaptarse a la sociedad de masas. El presente artículo pretende explorar los orígenes de ese proceso de adaptación en la etapa de Isabel II, a través del análisis de la visita real a Andalucía de 1862 y de las ceremonias y rituales de carácter nacionalizador desplegados en eventos de este tipo. Todo ello proyectando análisis comparativos con la época de las visitas oficiales de Alfonso XII y especialmente de Alfonso XIII. Además, explora los límites de Isabel II como monarca escénica y el fracaso a la hora de concitar en su persona y en la monarquía lealtades de contenido nacionalista más allá de las pugnas políticas de la época.
Socialización española de la monarquía saboyana: la visita a Galicia de Amadeo I
Authors: Barral Martínez Margarita
Published: August 2019

En la difusión de la identidad española durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX las visitas reales fueron ejemplos de ceremonias civiles —acompañadas del repertorio religioso y castrense de la época— explotadas a modo de políticas públicas para la difusión de la nation-building, participando así en la conformación de las identidades políticas y culturales. Este artículo propone incorporar el estudio de la monarquía saboyana desde la combinación del poder político y simbólico a partir de un episodio concreto: la visita a Galicia de Amadeo I en agosto de 1872. A través del ceremonial monárquico desplegado de cara a la legitimidad de la nueva dinastía, pretendemos analizar el verdadero alcance de la nueva Corona en la socialización y nacionalización de la misma cuando, en principio, los actores sociales que la sustentaban no se reconocían ni en la forma ni en la persona que la representaba. Indagaremos en dos aspectos fundamentales: la proyección política de la visita y la percepción social de la misma. Nuestras fuentes serán las crónicas y reportajes hemerográficos, tanto la prensa provincial y regional como la de edición central, junto con documentación del Archivo General de Palacio (Madrid), del Ministero degli Affari Esteri (Roma), del Arquivo Histórico Municipal (A Coruña), de la Biblioteca Municipal de Estudos Locais (A Coruña) y del Arquivo Municipal (Ferrol-A Coruña).
¿De lo político a lo simbólico? La monarquía española vista desde Chile. De Fernando VII a Isabel II
Authors: Saldaña Fernández José
Published: August 2019

Este artículo pretende acercarse al proceso de reajuste de la monarquía española, en torno a sus prácticas, imágenes y valores, abierto a raíz de la construcción del Estado liberal y a partir de la mirada proporcionada desde escenarios no europeos. En concreto, de las lecturas generadas desde Chile, que, como otros países de la región, se encontraba por entonces en pleno proceso de construcción y consolidación de un Estado independiente de carácter republicano y liberal. Dentro de ese escenario se apuesta por explorar el papel y la referencialidad otorgados a la monarquía española en la prensa del momento, principalmente a partir de algunos hitos contemplados entre los últimos años del reinado de Fernando VII y los primeros de Isabel II. Con ello se pretende trazar de manera más precisa el marco de símbolos y significados que fue gestándose en torno a la Corona entre sus antiguos territorios coloniales, aportando así nuevas miradas desde el otro lado del Atlántico, tanto respecto a la forma en la que se proyectaba en el espacio público el proceso de reajuste y cambio sufrido por la monarquía en las décadas centrales del siglo XIX, como respecto al papel que ocupaba esa institución dentro del relato político y social traído con las independencias.
Assistive technology enables inclusion in higher education: The role of Higher and Further Education Disability Services Association
Authors: Lyner-Cleophas Marcia
Published: August 2019

Background: Using assistive technology is one way to foster inclusion of students in the post-school education and training (PSET) sector.Objectives: Higher and Further Education Disability Services Association (HEDSA) enables the sharing of new knowledge about assistive technologies through its symposia, and making information available on its website. Additionally, it facilitates dialogue and collaboration amongst institutions in the PSET network using a listserv and newsletters, given that PSET institutions are spread countrywide.Method: This is an article based on a presentation at the 5th African Network of Evidence-to-Action in Disability (AfriNEAD) conference in Ghana in 2017 that focused on the value of assistive technology for students pursuing studies in the PSET sector and the role played by HEDSA in South Africa.Results: The positive gains and existing gaps in disability inclusion in the higher education sector in South Africa are highlighted, with reference to access to technology. All higher education institutions have internet access and can thereby make use of listservs to communicate information. MapAbility is a way that prospective students can gain a snapshot view of available resources at institutions of learning, using the internet.Conclusion: An association such as HEDSA plays a critical role in the PSET sector to enhance disability inclusion using online tools to disseminate information.
Modelling Nitrification Inhibitor Effects on N2O Emissions after Fall and Spring-Applied Slurry by Reducing Nitrifier NH4+ Oxidation Rate
Authors: Grant Robert F. , Lin Sisi , Hernandez-Ramirez Guillermo
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Reductions in N2O emissions from nitrification inhibitors (NI) are substantial, but remain uncertain because measurements of N2O emissions are highly variable and discontinuous. Mathematical modelling may offer an opportunity to estimate these reductions if the processes causing variability in N2O emissions can be accurately simulated. In this study, the effect of NI was simulated with a simple, time-dependent algorithm to slow NH4+ oxidation in the ecosystem model ecosys. Slower nitrification modelled with NI caused increases in soil NH4+ concentrations and reductions in soil NO3− concentrations and in N2O fluxes that were consistent with those measured following fall and spring applications of slurry over two years from 2014 to 2016. The model was then used to estimate direct and indirect effects of NI on seasonal and annual emissions. After spring slurry applications, NI reduced N2O emissions modelled and measured during the drier spring of 2015 (35 % and 45%) less than during the wetter spring of 2016 (53 % and 72 %). After fall slurry applications, NI reduced modelled N2O emissions by 58 % and 56 % during late fall in 2014 and 2015, and by 8 % and 33 % during subsequent spring thaw in 2015 and 2016. Modelled reductions were consistent with those from meta-analyses of other NI studies. Simulated NI activity declined over time, so that reductions in N2O emissions modelled with NI at an annual time scale were relatively smaller than those during emission events. These reductions were accompanied by increases in NH3 emissions and reductions in NO3− losses with NI that caused changes in indirect N2O emissions. With further parameter evaluation, the addition of this algorithm for NI to ecosys may allow emission factors for different NI products to be derived from annual N2O emissions modelled under diverse site, soil, land use and weather.
A novel data-driven analytical framework on hierarchical water allocation integrated with blue and virtual water transfers
Authors: Yao Liming , Xu Zhongwen , Wu Huijuan , Chen Xudong
Published: August 2019

Abstract. This study proposes a novel data-driven analytical framework to determine optimal allocation and conjunctive strategies of blue and virtual water transfers in the presence of different hydrological and economic conditions. Due to the water scarcity and uneven distribution, a Stackelberg–Nash–Harsanyi equilibrium model is developed to cope with the hierarchical conflict between the water affairs bureau and multiple water usage sectors. Results show that coalitional strategy of blue and virtual water transfers can substantially save water and improve utilization efficiency without harming sectors' benefits and increasing ecological stresses. Under various polices, we use data-driven analysis to simulate hydrological and economic parameters, such as available water, crop import price, water market price etc. Different results obtained through adjusting hydrological and economic parameters show that the optimal allocation and transfer strategy is more sensitive to hydrological factor instead of economic factor. Moreover, the results prove that conjunctive blue/virtual water transfers can response to market fluctuation. Ultimately, the proposed framework can achieve a sustainable management for physical and virtual water supply system under future hydrological and economic uncertainty.
CREATING WALLONIA'S NEW VERY HIGH RESOLUTION LAND COVER MAPS: COMBINING GRASS GIS OBIA AND OTB PIXEL-BASED RESULTS
Authors: Lennert M. , Grippa T. , Radoux J. , Bassine C. , Beaumont B. , Defourny P. , Wolff E.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The Walloon region of Belgium has launched a research project that aims at elaborating a methodology for automated, high-quality land cover mapping, based primarily on its yearly 0.25m orthophoto coverage. Whereas in urban areas an object-based (OBIA) approach has been the privileged path in the last years as it allows taking into account shape information relevant for the characterization of man-made constructions, such an approach has its limits in the rural and more natural areas due to increased difficulties for segmentation and less sharp boundaries, thus calling for a pixel-based approach. The project thus consists in developing a combination of methods, and to integrate their results through an ensemble fusion approach. As many of the more natural land cover classes have temporal profiles which cannot be detected in a one-date orthoimage, Sentinel 1 and 2 data are also included in order to take advantage of their higher spectral and temporal resolution. All methods are trained using existing regional databases. In a second step, we combine the different LC classification results by fusioning them into one high-accuracy (over 90% OA) product, using a series of different approaches ranging from rule-based to machine learning to the Dempster-Shafer method. The entire toolchain is based on free and open source software, mainly GRASS GIS and Orfeo ToolBox. Results indicate the importance of the quality of the individual classifications for the fusion results and justify the choice of combining OBIA and pixel-based approaches in order to avoid the pitfalls of each.
DATABASE TRANSFORMATION, CADASTRE AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING IN QGIS AND IMPLEMENTATION IN WEB GIS
Authors: Ostadabbas H. , Weippert H. , Behr F.-J.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. On the judicial basis of § 196 Baugesetzbuch (BauGB, 2018) every municipality in the Federal Republic of Germany must publish standard land values in €/m2 for its whole district area in a biennial cycle. The standard land values have to be derived comprehensively for different land use categories within this district. With the help of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) all the necessary data for the derivation of the standard land values can be analyzed. This data consists of cadastral information (ALKIS) (AdV, 2008) for each municipality district like streets, buildings, land parcels, areas of application for special building law as well as geocoded data about purchasing prices within the district’s real estate transactions. The following work contributes to both requirements, the statutory determination of the standard land values answering the legal necessity and the setting up of the generated geo data in the Web according to the transparency demanded by the European INSPIRE (Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe) directive. This report describes the implementation of the automated process of the setup of the relevant data layers based on ALKIS data in an Open Source GIS (QGIS) using SQL and Python scripts. The standard land values are visualized and presented in a Web GIS. After the evaluation of different alternatives, QGIS Server and Lizmap, an Open Source QGIS Web Client, were used for the web based presentation and accordingly configured.
EXPLORATORY STUDY OF URBAN RESILIENCE IN THE REGION OF STUTTGART BASED ON OPENSTREETMAP AND LITERATURE RESILIENCE INDICATORS
Authors: Sauter H. , Feldmeyer D. , Birkmann J.
Published: August 2019

Abstract. The overarching nature of building resilience across disciplines and its inherent positive mutual understanding due to the association with the immune system also amongst the non-scientific community, makes it an attractive and increasing popular concept which everybody seems able to grasp its necessity. Hence, there is an exponential increase, even limited down to the key words “urban resilience”, in scientific literature over the last decade. Moreover the concept is also taken up by the New Urban Agenda Habitat III, the SDG goals and the IPCC. Hand in hand with this development the definitions and attempts of operationalization are innumerable. Conjoined, there is a lack of validation of resilience measures, including spatio-temporal aspects but also of the single component of it. Moreover, traditional data sources like census or governmental data miss out on certain important facets making empirical validation impossible and lack the spatio-temporal resolution necessary to cover the characteristics of resilience. Hence, this experimental study explores and develops new spatial indicators through machine learning methods applied to OpenStreetMap data to replicate conventional core indicators. In order to cover all spatial attributes indicators for points, lines and areas are deduced and investigated with supervised and unsupervised algorithms.
Eternal Duration: Milton on God's Justice in Everlasting Time
Authors: Schuler Stephen J.
Published: August 2019

Orthodox theology generally holds that God is eternal, which means that he exists in a state of absolute timelessness. John Milton, however, believed that God experiences the passage of time just as angels and humans do, except that God has always existed and that time extends infinitely into the past. Both Milton's Christian Doctrine and Art of Logic indicate that God exists in time. In Paradise Lost Milton tends to use the language of eternity metaphorically rather than literally, and he never uses such language to describe timelessness. His depiction of God the Father existing and acting in time is not a concession to the limitations of narrative; Milton believed that God actually exists in time. Milton's conception of time and eternity is not widely acknowledged, but it is essential to his insistence on radical free will and to his mythopoetic efforts to justify God's providence.
Paper Angels: Paradise Lost and the European State System
Authors: Werlin Julianne
Published: August 2019

This article contextualizes Paradise Lost within Milton's work for the Council of State during the Commonwealth and Protectorate. Drawing on archival research and scholarship on the history of diplomacy, it argues that modes of angelic association in Milton's heaven reflect emerging forms of international relations. As a post-Westphalian Europe began to negotiate new kinds of treaties and compacts, the role of communications in forming enduring alliances between sovereign entities became increasingly salient. Looking at angelic society from this perspective helps to explain the focus of Milton's narrative; it also sheds light on the crucial but largely neglected question of why Satan's followers join him in rebellion.
Erfrecht in de onderwereld (deel IV): de nabestaanden
Authors: van der Geld L.A.G.M.
Published: August 2019

Erfrecht in de onderwereld (deel IV): de nabestaanden

Aan de hand van twee recente uitspraken wordt ingegaan op de afgeleide onrechtmatige daad en de affectieschade. Er kan secundaire aansprakelijkheid zijn als er sprake is van een afgeleide onrechtmatige daad. Waren de ouders van Tristan van der V. zich ervan bewust dat hun zoon derden leed zou gaan betrokkenen? Het Hof Den Haag deed er onlangs uitspraak over. De ouders en broer van Anne Faber hebben affectieschade gevorderd. In het hoger beroep van Michael P. werd daar onlangs door het Hof Arnhem-Leeuwarden een uitspraak over gedaan. De mogelijkheid om affectieschade te vorderen (in het strafrechtelijke proces) is op 1 januari 2019 ingegaan.
Szczelność na przenikanie powietrza
Authors: Rejment Mariusz
Published: August 2019

The article describes the problem of lack of tightness to air leakage occurring in single-family residential buildings caused by air drafts. The author pointed out the most common places of occurrence of air drafts, the effects they can cause and the method of detecting and repairing the drafts. Design and construction work recommendations have been given to eliminate errors causing air drafts in buildings.
Badanie MMA
Authors: Mączka Eryk
Published: August 2019

TEST OF MINERAL ASPHALT MIXTURES IN THE STATIC FOUR POINTBENDING TEST AT TEMPERATURE 25°C The article presents an experimental method for testing beams made of AC16W mineralasphalt mix in a static four-point bending test. Tests were performed at a fixed measuring temperature of 25°C and for different load levels. The conditions of the study that specify the
variable characteristics of asphalt mixtures were specified. Attention was paid to the material specificity of the mixturesand the variability of the stiffness modulus was analyzed. Different ways of its determination with different load cycles are presented. The obtained results of the modules were compared with the results obtained in the dynamic test. The identification of the
secant modulus from the dependence of the load curve between strain and stress for the first cycle was indicated.
Praktyczne reguły napraw konstrukcji z betonu. Część 3.
Authors: Czarnecki Lech
Published: August 2019

Rules of thumb for concrete construction
repair. T he necessity and e ven i nevitability o f
the construction repairinig has been shown. The
construction repair as a sustainability development has
been considered. In construction activity – in practice
“on site” – a lot of rules of thumb are used. Those
rules often seems to be far away from a scientific
statement, however they are a consequence of scientific
deliberation. In this context the standard PN-EN
1504 could be treated as the set of rules for concrete
construction repair. However the standard is in many
cases not easy, intricated and seems to be unfriendly
to the readers. On that basis a premise has been
shown to elaborate the comment to the standard:
Naprawa i ochrona konstrukcji z betonu. Komentarz do
PN-EN 1504; PWN, 2017, by L. Czarnecki, P. Łukowski,
A. Garbacz. In this paper author attempted to formulate
rules of thumb for concrete construction repairs. The
rules has been presented on the backdrop of scienceengineering
relation as the highlights complemented
with suitable pictures.
Adorno on Kierkegaard on Love for the Dead
Authors: Shaul Dylan ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2019

This article employs Freud’s distinction between mourning and melancholia to clarify Adorno’s reading of Kierkegaard. Adorno finds in Kierkegaard’s view of love for the dead both the consummate reified fetish of our instrumentalizing exchange society, and the only unmutilated relation left to us in our otherwise thoroughly damaged lives. Adorno’s negative dialectics emerges as the melancholy science resulting from a disfigured mourning’s present impossibility, upholding a material moral motive rooted in the unmournability of historical catastrophe. Yet this very melancholia also proves to be the last unlikely refuge of hope—in a Kierkegaardian sense—for a future redemption.
QUALIFIED WOMEN LIST; MEMBERSHIP LEVY FOR AN OFFICE FOR ACADEMIC STATUS
Authors: Library Association American
Published: August 2019

QUALIFIED WOMEN LIST; MEMBERSHIP LEVY FOR AN OFFICE FOR ACADEMIC STATUS
ACRL Nominating Committees
Authors: Library Association American
Published: August 2019

ACRL Nominating Committees
Statement on the Reproduction of Manuscripts and Archives for Commercial Purposes
Authors: Library Association American
Published: August 2019

Statement on the Reproduction of Manuscripts and Archives for Commercial Purposes
Continuing Education for Academic Librarians—VII
Authors: Prentice Ann E.
Published: August 2019

Continuing Education for Academic Librarians—VII
Continuing Education—VI
Authors: Blume Julie
Published: August 2019

Continuing Education—VI
Mathematics students demonstrate superior visuo-spatial working memory to humanities students under conditions of low central executive processing load
Authors: Hubber Paula Jane , Gilmore Camilla , Cragg Lucy
Published: August 2019

Previous research has demonstrated that working memory performance is linked to mathematics achievement. Most previous studies have involved children and arithmetic rather than more advanced forms of mathematics. This study compared the performance of groups of adult mathematics and humanities students. Experiment 1 employed verbal and visuo-spatial working memory span tasks using a novel face-matching processing element. Results showed that mathematics students had greater working memory capacity in the visuo-spatial domain only. Experiment 2 replicated this and demonstrated that neither visuo-spatial short-term memory nor endogenous spatial attention explained the visuo-spatial working memory differences. Experiment 3 used working memory span tasks with more traditional verbal or visuo-spatial processing elements to explore the effect of processing type. In this study mathematics students showed superior visuo-spatial working memory capacity only when the processing involved had a comparatively low level of central executive involvement. Both visuo-spatial working memory capacity and general visuo-spatial skills predicted mathematics achievement.
Perilaku bertelur dan pemilihan habitat bertelur oleh capung jarum Pseudagrion pruinosum (Burmeister) (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)
Authors: Sugiman Uci , Romdhoni Helmi , Putera Alexander Kurniawan Sariyanto , Robo Rusnia J , Oktavia Fenny , Raffiudin Rika
Published: August 2019

Capung jarum Pseudagrion pruinosum (Burmeister) merupakan capung yang terdistribusi di kawasan Asia Tenggara. Namun, informasi terkait perilaku dan habitat bertelur capung jarum ini masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tipe perilaku dan teknik capung jarum saat peletakan telur serta karakterisasi habitat yang digunakan untuk bertelur. Penelitian perilaku menggunakan metode focal sampling terhadap pasangan capung yang meletakkan telur (n = 9 pasangan), serta pengukuran parameter habitat di lokasi peletakan telur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada peletakkan telur P. pruinosum terdapat penjagaan pasangan betina saat meletakkan telur dengan cara tetap membentuk formasi tandem (contact mate guarding) kemudian melepaskan betina dan melakukan penjagaan di sekitar betina meletakkan telur (noncontact mate guarding). Telur diletakkan pada jaringan tumbuhan dengan teknik posisi tubuh tetap di permukaan dan masuk ke dalam air. Tidak ada kecenderungan dari perilaku P. pruinosum terhadap salah satu tipe atau teknik. Berdasarkan hasil analisis komponen utama, 75,8% habitat peletakkan telur bisa dijelaskan oleh suhu udara, total dissolved solid (TDS), pH, kedalaman, intensitas cahaya, kelembaban udara, heterogenitas tumbuhan, dan suhu air. Suhu udara, pH, intensitas cahaya, dan heterogenitas tumbuhan berkorelasi positif terhadap terjadinya peletakkan telur, sedangkan TDS, kelembaban, kedalaman air, dan suhu air berkorelasi negatif. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ciri tipe dan teknik peletakkan telur P. pruinosum termasuk tipe yang terdapat penjagaan jantan baik secara contact maupun non contact mate guarding dengan teknik meletakkan telur mulai dari permukaan sampai masuk ke dalam air.
Caracterização laboratorial de resíduos de mineração como agregado alternativo para misturas asfálticas
Authors: Pinto Netto Quincio Muniz , Guimarães Antônio Carlos Rodrigues
Published: August 2019

Os processos de extração e beneficiamento do minério de ferro, ao mesmo tempo em que fomentam a economia e o desenvolvimento mundial, geram grandes quantitativos de resíduos que necessitam de destinação e/ou disposição adequada. Por sua vez, o grande apelo ambiental gerado por esse cenário, exige soluções técnicas e econômico-sustentáveis para que as mineradoras e o meio ambiente possam coexistir. O Brasil, que possui matriz de transportes pautada no modal rodoviário, com predominância dos pavimentos flexíveis à base de misturas asfálticas na camada de revestimento, insere-se no mercado mundial com uma economia diretamente associada à extração mineral e, recentemente, sofreu seu maior desastre ambiental por rompimento de barragem de resíduos dessa natureza, com perdas ambientais, materiais e humanas. No presente trabalho abordou-se a caracterização físico-química de resíduos do processo de beneficiamento do minério de ferro para utilização em misturas asfálticas, através dos ensaios de granulometria convencional e por difração a laser, Aggregate Image Measurement System (AIMS), Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV), equivalente de areia, densidade, Espectroscopia de Energia Dispersiva (EDS), lixiviação e solubilização. A caracterização laboratorial demonstrou que o resíduo se comporta como um agregado miúdo e de enchimento, tendendo às areias finas siltosas, atendendo aos parâmetros físico-químicos, mineralógicos e geotécnicos exigidos pelas normas técnicas vigentes, ficando sua utilização em misturas asfálticas como agregado alternativo condicionada a pequenos percentuais em substituição de agregado miúdo e fíler.
Análise temporal da qualidade da água do Rio Tramandaí/RS
Authors: Centeno Luana Nunes , Cecconello Samanta Tolentino
Published: August 2019

A qualidade da água está intimamente relacionada as suas características físicas, químicas e biológicas e estas são função dos diferentes usos consuntivos dos mananciais. Cientes disto este trabalho objetivou identificar as possíveis fontes de poluição do rio Tramandaí/RS. Para isto foram utilizados dados secundários de qualidade da água, disponibilizados pela Fundação Estadual de Proteção Ambiental Henrique Luis Roessler. Para isto foi aplicada a análise fatorial seguida da análise de componentes principais. Como resultado foi possível observar que as variáveis CE, ST, TH, OD, TH2O, TAR e ST da água apresentaram maiores coeficientes de correlação. E com a decomposição da matriz de correlação obteve-se a formação de duas componentes principais, através das quais foi possível identificar as principais possíveis fontes de poluição. Através deste estudo foi possível concluir a analise fatorial/ análise de componentes principais são ferramentas que pode ser utilizada para fins de monitoramento da qualidade da água quando se busca investimentos de baixo custo com resultados confiáveis e rápidos.
Uso de agrotóxicos em áreas antropizadas da Amazônia Ocidental pela agricultura familiar
Authors: Pereira Patrícia Conceição Amaral , Gualtieri Suelen , Araujo Kaisa Freitas de , Schons Sandro Vargas
Published: August 2019

A região amazônica tem sido cenário de acontecimentos que produzem consequências complexas para a biodiversidade, o ambiente e as sociedades humanas, sobretudo pelo desmatamento para a implantação da agropecuária e contaminação ambiental por resíduos decorrentes da produção, sobretudo os agrotóxicos. Em decorrência desta problemática, envolvendo a produção animal, vegetal e o ambiente, este trabalho teve por objetivo identificar as práticas adotadas com uso de agrotóxicos em áreas antropizadas pela agricultura familiar na microrregião de Cacoal (RO). Para tal, foram visitadas propriedades rurais para a coleta de dados sobre as características zootécnicas de produção, enfermidades recorrentes, adoção de práticas terapêuticas com antiparasitários e uso de defensivo agrícola. Foram visitadas 227 (1,34%) propriedades de um total de 16.856 pertencentes à microrregião de Cacoal (RO). As ectoparasitoses, como os carrapatos (92,45%) e a mosca-dos-chifres (77,36%), foram as enfermidades mais recorrentes em bovinos, no qual o controle é realizado através do uso de agrotóxicos. Foram identificadas nove bases químicas diferentes utilizadas para o controle de tais enfermidades, entre estas, as mais utilizadas eram os piretroídes, organofosforados e avermectinas. Além do que, as primeiras apresentaram alta frequência de uso, em 47,8% e 41,2% das propriedades visitadas, e estavam associadas à resistência dos carrapatos aos carrapaticidas. Quanto ao uso de agrotóxicos em cultivos, observou-se a utilização destes em 116 propriedades (59,7%), principalmente para o controle de plantas invasoras. O ácido piridinocarboxílico era o mais utilizado, seguido do ácido aniloxialcanoico e os Fenoxiácidos, sendo os dois primeiros extremamente tóxicos para o homem e animais. Além disso, o ácido piridinocarboxilico, usado em 41% das propriedades, apresenta alto potencial de periculosidade ambiental. Os resultados deste trabalho demonstram um risco associado ao uso de agrotóxicos em ambientes antropizados da floresta amazônica para a biodiversidade e alto grau de risco de intoxicação humana e/ou propagação destes, através de produtos de origem animal advindo da região.
A de novo evolved gene in the house mouse regulates female pregnancy cycles
Authors: Xie Chen , Bekpen Cemalettin , Künzel Sven , Keshavarz Maryam , Krebs-Wheaton Rebecca , Skrabar Neva , Ullrich Kristian Karsten , Tautz Diethard
Published: August 2019

The de novo emergence of new genes has been well documented through genomic analyses. However, a functional analysis, especially of very young protein-coding genes, is still largely lacking. Here, we identify a set of house mouse-specific protein-coding genes and assess their translation by ribosome profiling and mass spectrometry data. We functionally analyze one of them, Gm13030, which is specifically expressed in females in the oviduct. The interruption of the reading frame affects the transcriptional network in the oviducts at a specific stage of the estrous cycle. This includes the upregulation of Dcpp genes, which are known to stimulate the growth of preimplantation embryos. As a consequence, knockout females have their second litters after shorter times and have a higher infanticide rate. Given that Gm13030 shows no signs of positive selection, our findings support the hypothesis that a de novo evolved gene can directly adopt a function without much sequence adaptation.
Heparan sulfates are critical regulators of the inhibitory megakaryocyte-platelet receptor G6b-B
Authors: Vögtle Timo , Sharma Sumana , Mori Jun , Nagy Zoltan , Semeniak Daniela , Scandola Cyril , Geer Mitchell J , Smith Christopher W , Lane Jordan , Pollack Scott , Lassila Riitta , Jouppila Annukka , Barr Alastair J , Ogg Derek J , Howard Tina D , McMiken Helen J , Warwicker Juli , Geh Catherine , Rowlinson Rachel , Abbott W Mark , Eckly Anita , Schulze Harald , Wright Gavin J , Mazharian Alexandra , Fütterer Klaus , Rajesh Sundaresan , Douglas Michael R , Senis Yotis A
Published: August 2019

The immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif (ITIM)-containing receptor G6b-B is critical for platelet production and activation. Loss of G6b-B results in severe macrothrombocytopenia, myelofibrosis and aberrant platelet function in mice and humans. Using a combination of immunohistochemistry, affinity chromatography and proteomics, we identified the extracellular matrix heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan perlecan as a G6b-B binding partner. Subsequent in vitro biochemical studies and a cell-based genetic screen demonstrated that the interaction is specifically mediated by the HS chains of perlecan. Biophysical analysis revealed that heparin forms a high-affinity complex with G6b-B and mediates dimerization. Using platelets from humans and genetically modified mice, we demonstrate that binding of G6b-B to HS and multivalent heparin inhibits platelet and megakaryocyte function by inducing downstream signaling via the tyrosine phosphatases Shp1 and Shp2. Our findings provide novel insights into how G6b-B is regulated and contribute to our understanding of the interaction of megakaryocytes and platelets with glycans.
TLR induces reorganization of the IgM-BCR complex regulating murine B-1 cell responses to infections
Authors: Savage Hannah P , Kläsener Kathrin , Smith Fauna L , Luo Zheng , Reth Michael , Baumgarth Nicole
Published: August 2019

In mice, neonatally-developing, self-reactive B-1 cells generate steady levels of natural antibodies throughout life. B-1 cells can, however, also rapidly respond to infections with increased local antibody production. The mechanisms regulating these two seemingly very distinct functions are poorly understood, but have been linked to expression of CD5, an inhibitor of BCR-signaling. Here we demonstrate that TLR-mediated activation of CD5+ B-1 cells induced the rapid reorganization of the IgM-BCR complex, leading to the eventual loss of CD5 expression, and a concomitant increase in BCR-downstream signaling, both in vitro and in vivo after infections of mice with influenza virus and Salmonella typhimurium. Both, initial CD5 expression and TLR-mediated stimulation, were required for the differentiation of B-1 cells to IgM-producing plasmablasts after infections. Thus, TLR-mediated signals support participation of B-1 cells in immune defense via BCR-complex reorganization.
B cell receptor and Toll-like receptor signaling coordinate to control distinct B-1 responses to both self and the microbiota
Authors: Kreuk Lieselotte SM , Koch Meghan A , Slayden Leianna C , Lind Nicholas A , Chu Sophia , Savage Hannah P , Kantor Aaron B , Baumgarth Nicole , Barton Gregory M
Published: August 2019

B-1a cells play an important role in mediating tissue homeostasis and protecting against infections. They are the main producers of ‘natural’ IgM, spontaneously secreted serum antibodies predominately reactive to self antigens, like phosphatidylcholine (PtC), or antigens expressed by the intestinal microbiota. The mechanisms that regulate the B-1a immunoglobulin (Ig) repertoire and their antibody secretion remain poorly understood. Here, we use a novel reporter mouse to demonstrate that production of self- and microbiota-reactive antibodies is linked to BCR signaling in B-1a cells. Moreover, we show that Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical for shaping the Ig repertoire of B-1a cells as well as regulating their antibody production. Strikingly, we find that both the colonization of a microbiota as well as microbial-sensing TLRs are required for anti-microbiota B-1a responses, whereas nucleic-acid sensing TLRs are required for anti-PtC responses, demonstrating that linked activation of BCR and TLRs controls steady state B-1a responses to both self and microbiota-derived antigens.
Sex-specific transcriptomic responses to changes in the nutritional environment
Authors: Camus M Florencia , Piper Matthew DW , Reuter Max
Published: August 2019

Males and females typically pursue divergent reproductive strategies and accordingly require different dietary compositions to maximise their fitness. Here we move from identifying sex-specific optimal diets to understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie male and female responses to dietary variation in Drosophila melanogaster. We examine male and female gene expression on male-optimal (carbohydrate-rich) and female-optimal (protein-rich) diets. We find that the sexes share a large core of metabolic genes that are concordantly regulated in response to dietary composition. However, we also observe smaller sets of genes with divergent and opposing regulation, most notably in reproductive genes which are over-expressed on each sex's optimal diet. Our results suggest that nutrient sensing output emanating from a shared metabolic machinery are reversed in males and females, leading to opposing diet-dependent regulation of reproduction in males and females. Further analysis and experiments suggest that this reverse regulation occurs within the IIS/TOR network.
A single K+-binding site in the crystal structure of the gastric proton pump
Authors: Yamamoto Kenta , Dubey Vikas , Irie Katsumasa , Nakanishi Hanayo , Khandelia Himanshu , Fujiyoshi Yoshinori , Abe Kazuhiro
Published: August 2019

The gastric proton pump (H+,K+-ATPase), a P-type ATPase responsible for gastric acidification, mediates electro-neutral exchange of H+ and K+ coupled with ATP hydrolysis, but with an as yet undetermined transport stoichiometry. Here we show crystal structures at a resolution of 2.5 Å of the pump in the E2-P transition state, in which the counter-transporting cation is occluded. We found a single K+ bound to the cation-binding site of the H+,K+-ATPase, indicating an exchange of 1H+/1K+ per hydrolysis of one ATP molecule. This fulfills the energy requirement for the generation of a six pH unit gradient across the membrane. The structural basis of K+ recognition is resolved and supported by molecular dynamics simulations, establishing how the H+,K+-ATPase overcomes the energetic challenge to generate an H+ gradient of more than a million-fold—one of the highest cation gradients known in mammalian tissue—across the membrane.
Revision of the Tanzanian dicynodontDicynodon huenei(Therapsida: Anomodontia) from the Permian Usili Formation
Authors: Kammerer Christian F.
Published: August 2019

A single species of the dicynodontoid dicynodontDicynodonis currently recognized from the late Permian Usili Formation of Tanzania:Dicynodon hueneiHaughton, 1932. Restudy of the known Tanzanian materials ofD.hueneidemonstrates that they represent two distinct morphotypes, here considered separate taxa. The holotype ofD.hueneiis not referable toDicynodonand instead is transferred to the genusDaptocephalus(but retained as a valid species,Daptocephalus hueneicomb. nov.). A number of published dicynodontoid specimens from the Usili Formation, however, are referable toDicynodon, and are here recognized as a new species (Dicynodon angielczykisp. nov.)Dicynodon angielczykican be distinguished from its South African congenerDicynodon lacerticepsby the presence of an expansion of the squamosal and jugal beneath the postorbital bar and a curved, posterolateral expansion of the squamosal behind the temporal fenestra. Inclusion ofDicynodon angielczykiandD.hueneiin a phylogenetic analysis supports their referral toDicynodonandDaptocephalus(respectively). These results indicate higher basinal endemism in large late Permian dicynodonts than previously thought, a sharp contrast to the cosmopolitanism in the group in the earliest Triassic.
Theoretical Investigation into the Change in the Number of Water Molecules in Solvent Inaccessible Region of an Enzyme and Enzyme-substrate Complex
Authors: Udema Ikechukwu Iloh , Onigbinde Abraham Olalere
Published: August 2019

Background: There may be dry enzymes, but water remains indispensable for the catalytic action of enzymes. There is not as much interest in how the presence of a drug such as aspirin and a psychoactive compound such as ethanol may affect the water-mediated role of the enzyme.

Objectives: The objectives of this research are: 1) To assess the changes in the number of water molecules interacting with the enzyme-substrate complex and the solvent inaccessible region of a protein, 2) to determine the free energy difference due to preferential solvation and hydration, and 3) to re-examine theoretical issues in literature and relate them to the interpretation of the results.

Methods: A major theoretical research and minor experimentation using Bernfeld method.

Results and Discussion: The presence of ethanol/aspirin alone yielded only dehydration of the osmolyte inaccessible region and the enzyme substrate complex (ES). There was positive free energy difference (DDG) if the equilibrium constant for hydration change (Keq(1))> the equilibrium constant for folding-unfolding transition (Keq(3)); it is negative where Keq(3)> Keq(1). Analysis of various models made them valuable for the interpretation of result for feature application.

Conclusion: The change in the number of water molecules in an osmolyte inaccessible region of the enzyme and those interacting with the ES may be either positive or negative due respectively to sucrose and ethanol/aspirin. The spontaneity of two processes, hydration and folding-unfolding transition, the free energy difference, differs. The model for water stripping, preferential interaction concept, and the KBI for osmolation and hydration can guide the interpretation of the effects of any cosolute.