bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GISD30: global 30 m impervious-surface dynamic dataset from 1985 to 2020 using time-series Landsat imagery on the Google Earth Engine platform
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Liu Liangyun , Zhao Tingting , Gao Yuan , Chen Xidong , Mi Jun
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Accurately mapping impervious-surface dynamics has great scientific
significance and application value for research on urban sustainable development, the assessment of anthropogenic carbon emissions and global ecological-environment modeling. In this study, a novel and automatic method of
combining the advantages of spectral-generalization and automatic-sample-extraction strategies was proposed, and then an accurate global 30 m impervious-surface dynamic dataset (GISD30) for 1985 to 2020 was produced using
time-series Landsat imagery on the Google Earth Engine cloud computing
platform. Firstly, the global training samples and corresponding reflectance
spectra were automatically derived from prior global 30 m land-cover
products after employing the multitemporal compositing method and relative
radiometric normalization. Then, spatiotemporal adaptive classification
models, trained with the migrated reflectance spectra of impervious surfaces
from 2020 and transferred pervious-surface samples in each epoch for every
5∘×5∘ geographical tile, were applied to map
the impervious surface in each period. Furthermore, a spatiotemporal-consistency correction method was presented to minimize the effects of
independent classification errors and improve the spatiotemporal consistency
of impervious-surface dynamics. Our global 30 m impervious-surface dynamic
model achieved an overall accuracy of 90.1 % and a kappa coefficient of
0.865 using 23 322 global time-series validation samples. Cross-comparisons
with five existing global 30 m impervious-surface products further indicated
that our GISD30 dynamic product achieved the best performance in capturing
the spatial distributions and spatiotemporal dynamics of impervious surfaces
in various impervious landscapes. The statistical results indicated that the
global impervious surface has doubled in the past 35 years, from
5.116×105 km2 in 1985 to 10.871×105 km2 in 2020, and Asia saw the largest increase in impervious surface area compared to other continents, with a total increase of 2.946×105 km2. Therefore, it was concluded that our global 30 m
impervious-surface dynamic dataset is an accurate and promising product and
could provide vital support in monitoring regional or global urbanization as
well as in related applications. The global 30 m impervious-surface dynamic
dataset from 1985 to 2020 generated in this paper is free to access at
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5220816 (Liu et al.,
2021b).
A preliminary evaluation of WRF (ARW v4.1.1)/DART (Manhattan release v9.8.0)-RTTOV (v12.3) in assimilating satellite visible radiance data for a cyclone case
Authors: Zhou Yongbo , Liu Yubao , Huo Zhaoyang , Li Yang
Published: April 2022

Abstract. Satellite visible (VIS) radiance data contain rich cloud information that are increasingly assimilated for improving cloud and precipitation forecasting of numerical weather prediction models. Recently, the Data Assimilation Research Testbed (DART), a widely used data assimilation resource that supports the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, was facilitated with an interface for the Radiative Transfer for TOVS (RTTOV), which supports radiance assimilation from visible (VIS) to microwave wavelength channels. This study evaluates the WRF (ARW v4.1.1)/DART (Manhattan release v9.8.0)-RTTOV (v12.3) system for assimilating the radiance data of channel 2 (0.55~0.75 μm) of the Advanced Geostationary Radiation Imager (AGRI) onboard FY-4. Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) were performed for a cyclone case. The results indicate that assimilating VIS radiance data improves cloud forecast skills in general. Best results were achieved for the data assimilation (DA) experiment with dense observations and high updating frequency. The best results could capture the “eye” structure of the cyclone system and significantly improves cloud water path and cloud coverage simulations. Nevertheless, three main problems were revealed. The first is its inability to improve cloud vertical distribution such as layered structures and cloud phases; The second is the its inability to influence atmosphere thermodynamic state variables positively; The third is a waste of up to 50 % observations during the filtering processes.
Barracão de Alegorias e Etnomatemática: práticas e reflexões pedagógicas no Carnaval de Florianópolis
Authors: Fernandes Jéssica Lins de Souza , Passos Joana Célia dos , Gonçalves Rita de Cássia Pacheco
Published: April 2022

Este artigo apresenta parte de um estudo que teve como objetivo identificar narrativas e práticas etnomatemáticas produzidas por trabalhadoras/es do Carnaval de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, de modo a reconhecer escolas de samba como espaços educativos, onde se desenvolvem práticas e aprendizagens (matemáticas). O estudo incluiu pesquisa teórica, histórica e documental, além de um trabalho de campo que teve como foco observar, analisar e descrever criteriosa e respeitosamente a realidade social das/os componentes, fazendo uso de conversas, de entrevistas semiestruturadas e de registros audiovisuais. Neste texto, foi campo de análise o barracão de carros alegóricos da agremiação Os Protegidos da Princesa. Destacam-se processos educativos por meio da curiosidade e da observação, além da produção de materiais e de técnicas para resolver as demandas da construção das alegorias.
O estado da arte das pesquisas sobre antirracismo na Educação Infantil (2013-2021)
Authors: Barros Tainara Batista , Souza Rita de Cássia de , Euclides Maria Simone
Published: April 2022

O presente trabalho objetivou evidenciar o estado da arte de pesquisas sobre a formação de professores em uma perspectiva antirracista na Educação Infantil, a fim de traçar um panorama dos estudos nessa área e verificar suas principais tendências. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica com artigos, teses, dissertações e trabalhos de conclusão de curso publicados entre 2013 e julho de 2021 que atendiam à proposta desta investigação. Após uma análise geral dos trabalhos, foram elaboradas quatro categorias consideradas relevantes para serem discutidas e problematizadas: (1) Práticas pedagógicas antirracistas: possibilidades e limitações no cotidiano escolar; (2) Legislações brasileiras e suas abordagens sobre educação antirracista; (3) Construção da identidade da criança negra; e (4) Mito da democracia racial. Os resultados encontrados apontam desafios que necessitam ser superados para que haja uma educação antirracista desde a primeira infância, sendo fundamental também mais pesquisas que abranjam esse âmbito.
Educação de jovens e adultos prisional: políticas educacionais destinadas à formação docente
Authors: Paulo Fernanda dos Santos , Casagrande Edson Douglas Pereira
Published: April 2022

Livro autoral sobre EJA prisional
Role of parent’s education toward female higher education in society (A study of Multan)
Authors: Iqbal Khalid , Ranjha Asif Naveed , Khursheed Bushra
Published: April 2022

Education is a process of simple learning and knowledge process. Education begins on the edge of the mother. Education is very important for all people. The existence of a man without education is similar to earthly. Budget resources for education are very low. There are smaller schools and colleges for women's education and training. The importance of training and developing this conference is a group of students who want to attend school. When it comes to the globalization of primary education, both countries have this problem. The researchers' statement about this problem "constitutes a social and cultural barrier for the higher education of women". To find out what's going on in girl education. Examine the barriers facing women's exposure to higher education. This problem analyzes different problems of women in higher education. Strengthening the position of women can be strengthened through higher education. However, increasing access to education does not only mean the academic achievements of girls. The government should have a bigger barrier. The government should have the right to equal funding for women's higher education
Perception of Science Students about Private Academic Coaching (Tuition) at Secondary Level in District Chiniot
Authors: Hussain Iqbal
Published: April 2022

The development of a country is associated with the quality of its educational institutions. According to the Article 25-A of constitution of the Pakistan, free and compulsory school education is the fundamental right of every individual. However, the quality of science education particularly in the public sector schools has always been under the discussion. The purpose of the current paper was to study the perception of the secondary school students about extra coaching classes after the regular school time. The population of this study was taken from the secondary public and private schools and ten schools were taken as sample size. Results indicated that students were given satisfactory response during data collection about extra coaching classes. Students taking extra coaching classes, become active learner due to the sympathetic and kind behavior of their teachers. Conversely, the negative behavior and non-cooperative attitude of the teachers negatively effects the students thus making them passive, boring failed in getting desirable learning goals. Due to these reasons, students need proper guidance and counseling to remove these difficulties and improve their grades and personality. Further finding indorsed that negative behavior of teacher become the barrier between students and success at secondary school level.
Optical Properties of ZnS and Effect of Doping with Transition Elements
Authors: Nisar Maria , Umbreen Mubushra , Rafique Sunaina , Liaqat Bushra , Batool Kiran , Shahzadi Iqra , Zahra Yasmin , Batool Hafiza
Published: April 2022

By the help of density functional theory for a Cu doped ZnS compound the charge density,Fermi surface and electronic structure have been examined. We have used (FP-LAPW)method, to deal with interchange relationship potential for solving of kohn-sham equations.We apply generalized gradient approximation (GGA), local density approximation (LDA)and Engel-Vosko GGA (EVGGA). Cu doped ZnS compound confirms that nature ofmaterial is metallic and Fermi energy (EF) is obtained by the overlapping of Cu-p and Znd state. At Fermi energy (EF) calculated density of states is 51.932, 18.655 and 13.235 states/ev, and low-temperature electronic specific heat co-efficient (?) is found to be9.008mJ/mol-K2 for GGA, 3.236mJ/mol-K2 for LDA, and it was 2.295mJ/mol-K2 forEVGGA respectively. The thermal properties and optical constant were also discussed andcalculated.
First Principle’s Prediction of the Electronic and Optical properties of Ca4Bi6O13
Authors: Zererak Noshina , Nisa Fakhr un , Liaqat Bushra , Kousar Farzana
Published: April 2022

Inside a system of DFT made on maximum capacity goals on the Electronic structure, electronic charge thickness, Fermi surface and optical properties we will play out a top to bottom examination of Ca4Bi6O13 compound. With DOS the investigated compound have metallic nature at a Fermi vitality equivalent to 16.4, 16.27 and 14.89 states/eV, and the straightforward direct lowtemperature electronic explicit warmth coefficient (?) for EVGGA, GGA and LDA is start to be 2.84, 2.82 and 2.58 mJ/mol-K2 correspondingly. The fanciful and genuine pieces of the dielectric work were expected by optical scattering. We feature that in the fanciful and genuine pieces of the recurrence subordinate dielectric work the sharp ascent at low energies (underneath 1.0 eV). We can gather the outcomes as: it is appeared by the electronic structure counts that valence band most extreme and the conduction band least happens at ?-point, bringing about an immediate vitality band hole. The conduction band in the higher vitality state comprises of Ca 3d states and the conduction band in the lower vitality locale is essentially made with the admixture of Bi 6p and O 2p.The thickness of states uncover that the conduction groups are generally made out of Cr-d states, though the valence groups are fundamentally overwhelmed by Cr-d, N-p and O-p states. The incomplete thickness of positions shows that there is a solid hybridization between O-p and N-s, Cr-d and C-p and furthermore between N-p and C-p states. The electronic charge thickness investigation shows that there is solid covalent bonds between Cr-d N-p, O-p and Cr-p, N-p and C-p and furthermore between Cr-d and O-p iotas. The TE (thermo-electric) study suggests that this material has potential in thermoelectric side.
Predictive Analysis for the Detection of Covid-19 with Chest X-Ray Images Using Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Umer Muhammad , Naz Iqra , Khan Muhammad Miqdad , Shahryar Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Artificial Intelligence comes up with a lot of ease and advancements in almost all sectors of living. No one of us can deny its contributions in the medical field. Disease detection is one of the greatest achievements of Machine Learning. During the pandemic of COVID-19, medical emergency and less of experts has affected the health sector a lot. Detection of Covid-19 has become much more important than its cure to protect others from the virus. Detection of Covid-19 with our model is much easier through the x-ray images. The model using Convolutional Neural Network has trained on our self-made algorithm which was named to be Lungs X Ray Neural Networks (LxN) providing much more accurate than any other model available. It can process multiple datasets in a batch and our model is generalized very well with an accuracy of 98.8 % on validation and 98.0% on test set. The dataset for solving this problem was obtained from the open-source ieee8023 GitHub Repository, constantly updating with the images around the globe, containing a combo of both corona and non-corona cases. The result obtained from the model is y ? {1, 0} indicating Corona presence or absence respectively. Lungs X Ray Neural Networks (LxN) model is not only specialized on corona data but can be fine-tuned on any other lung images like pneumonia. Thus LxN has significant role in the research area of AI in case of medicine.
Impact of Yttrium doping on the physical properties of ErMn2O5
Authors: Ahmad Javed , Azhar Asia , Nissar Umair , Bukhari Syed Hammad , Alam Khan Jamshaid , Abbas Hammad
Published: April 2022

We have investigated the structural and electrical properties of perovskite system Er1-xYxMn2O5 (x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) synthesized by sol gel method. The structural behavior is probed by the single phase formation of the compositions and orthorhombic symmetry confirmed by X-ray diffraction Rietvield analysis. The electrical behavior of the system is explained in terms of dc temperature dependent electrical resisitivity and Mott variable range hoping (VRH) which supports the semicondicting behavior and P-type polaronic conduction above room temperature.
Plant Calotropis gigantea: Management of Diabetic Nephropathy in Experimentally Induced Diabetes in Rats
Authors: Kumar Harish , Sharma Sunil , Vasudeva Neeru
Published: April 2022

The research study designed to investigate the nephroprotective efficiency of Calotropis gigantea stem bark extract. Streptozotocin (60 mg/kg/ i.p) diabetes model was used to evaluate the Nephropathy potential of Calotropis gigantea in animals. After single administration of STZ nephropathic complication develops within four weeks. Nephropathy was assessed by blood urea nitrogen, increasing serum creatinine level, microproteinuria, lipid alteration and high renal oxidative stress. Calotropis gigantea stem bark extract shows prominent nephroprotective effect at high dose (500 mg/kg p.o) as compared to low dose treatment (200 mg/kg p.o) in experimentally induced diabetic nephropathy in rats. The present study indicated the plant having of medicinally significant bioactive constituents that shows tremendous nephroprotective effect. It is concluded that stem bark extract of Calotropis gigantea had a role in diabetes control and impedes the continuation of diabetes-induced experimental nephropathy.
THE EFFECT OF SINGLE-STAGE PERTURBATION EXERCISE ON THE SHOULDER JOINT POSITION SENSE AND TRAPEZIUS MUSCLE ACTIVATION IN PATIENTS WITH ARTHROSCOPIC ROTATOR CUFF REPAIR
Authors: DÜZGÜN İrem , KİREMİT Özgül , ÖZBERK Zekiye Nisa , ELBASAN Bülent , ATAY Ahmet Özgür
Published: April 2022

Objective: Perturbation exercises conducted on mobile surfaces in the latter period of the rehabilitation increase the neuromuscular control. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of single session perturbation exercises’ on active joint position sense and on the electromyography activation of the trapezius muscle in patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair in the previous 6 months.

Method: 12 individuals who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were included in the study as the study group (age: 54.83±3.5), and 13 individuals with in an asymptomatic shoulder joint were included as the control group (age: 49.07±4.5). All subjects were evaluated before and after single-session perturbation exercise. Active joint position sense at 90° shoulder flexion and abduction was assessed using a laser pointer-assisted angle reproduction test. The activation of the trapezius muscles during this test was recorded by the superficial electromyography tool. The pre-exercise and post-exercise values were analyzed using an in-group Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The Mann–Whitney U test was used for group comparisons.

Results: There was no difference between groups in the active angle reproduction test before and after the perturbation exercise (flexion p:0.124; abduction p:0.421). When electromyography activations after the exercise were compared, the activation of the operated upper trapezius (p:0.01) and the non-operated lower trapezius decreased (p:0.024). There was no correlation between the electromyography activation of the trapezius muscle and active joint position sense (flexion p:0.657; abduction p:0.662).
Motivation level diagnosis for studying a professional foreign language
Authors: Роговая Н.А.
Published: April 2022

Предмет. Студенты бакалавриата и магистратуры технических вузов осознают, чтовладение как минимум одним иностранным языком повышает их конкурентоспо-собность на рынке труда, в то же время не проявляют особого интереса к изучениюданного учебного предмета. Поиск и разработка эффективных способов повыше-ния мотивации к изучению иностранного языка является актуальной и не решен-ной задачей.Цель работы – проследить корреляцию уровня иноязычной профессиональнойкоммуникативной компетенции обучающихся и их мотивации к изучению профес-сионального иностранного языка при традиционной и триплексной форме обуче-ния.Метод. Исследование проводилось в три этапа: первый – диагностика учебноймотивации магистрантов; второй – определение ведущих мотивов изучения про-фессионального иностранного языка в магистерских группах; третий – определе-ние уровня сформированности иноязычной профессиональной коммуникативнойкомпетенции.Результаты. Выявлен значительный рост мотивации к изучению профессиональ-ного иностранного языка в группе с триплексной формой обучения. Уровень сфор-мированности иноязычной профессиональной коммуникативной компетенции вэтой группе также оказался выше по сравнению с группой с традиционной формойобучения.Практическая значимость. Результаты данного исследования могут быть исполь-зованы для оптимизации учебного процесса, основанного на понимании, что уро-вень академической успеваемости в изучении иностранного языка находится впрямой зависимости от уровня мотивации к его изучению.

Background. Undergraduate and graduate students of technical universities are awarethat knowledge of at least one foreign language increases their competitiveness inthe labour market. At the same time they do not show much interest in studying thisacademic subject. Development of effective ways to increase motivation to learn aforeign language is an urgent and unresolved task.Objective. Aim of the work is to trace the correlation between the level of foreignlanguageprofessional communicative competence of students and their motivationto study a professional foreign language in the traditional and triplex form ofeducation.Methods. The research included three stages: the first – diagnostics of the educationalmotivation of undergraduates; the second – identification of the main motives forlearning a professional foreign language in master’s groups; the third – determination ofthe level of foreign-language professional communicative competence.Results. A significant increase in motivation to study a professional foreign languagein a group with a triplex form of education was revealed. The level of foreign-languageprofessional communicative competence in this group also turned out to be highercompared to the group with the traditional form of education.Practical significance. The results of this study can be used to optimise the educationalprocess based on the awareness of the dependency of the level of academic performancein a foreign language to the level of motivation to study it.
Analisis Prediksi Harga Rumah Sesuai Spesifikasi Menggunakan Multiple Linear Regression
Authors: Mu'tashim Muhammad Labib , Muhayat Toni , Damayanti Sekar Ayu , Zaki Hanan Nadia , Wirawan Rio
Published: April 2022

Harga rumah khususnya di kawasan ibukota DKI Jakarta merupakan suatu wadah sebagai investasi bagi para pencari rumah jaman sekarang. Setiap rumah yang ada di wilayah DKI Jakarta khususnya di Jakarta Selatan yang sesuai dengan penelitian yang akan kami lakukan, memiliki spesifikasi yang berbeda baik dari harga, luas, dan jumlah ruangan yang terdapat di rumah tersebut. Sehingga, terjadinya persaingan harga diantara agen-agen properti. Selain itu harga rumah setiap tahun akan semakin mahal, sehingga dibutuhkan analisis serta pemilihan yang tepat yang harus dilakukan untuk membeli sebuah rumah. Dengan menggunakan algoritma regresi dengan menggunakan faktor-faktor dari harga rumah, luas bangunan, luas tanah, ruang kamar tidur, garasi, dan kota.  Sehingga, hasil penelitian yang kami dapatkan dengan menggunakan algoritma regresi dengan nilai akurasi sebesar 66%. Demikian dari hasil penelitian kami ditemukan bahwa harga rumah mengalami peningkatan. Diharapkan semoga penelitian ini berguna bagi para pembeli ataupun agen properti dalam melakukan prediksi penjualan rumah.
Distribution of the Sciatic nerve in hind limb of Hasmer sheep breed: An anatomical study
Authors: Balkaya Hulya
Published: April 2022

In order to determine the anatomical arrangement of the branches of the sciatic nerve (SN), in Hasmer sheep breed (HSB), five animals were used for this purpose. After opening the body cavities of the cadavers, they were fixed in 10 % formaldehyde solution. The branches of the SN were dissected separately and photographed. In HSB, it was observed that SN passed through the foramen ischiadicum majus together with its branch, caudal gluteal nerve. At the level of the caudoproximal part of the femur, SN gave off its first prominent branch in hind limb, the common root of the rami musculares. After branching the common root of the rami musculares, SN coursed ventrally; and approximately in the middle of the thigh, it was divided into three nerves: caudal sural cutaneous nerve, tibial nerve, and common peroneal nerve. This anatomical study in the HSB will make a demonstrative contribution to understanding the distribution of SN in hind limb, and support further anatomical and surgical studies in this area.
Validación observacional de la teoría del aprendizaje pedagógico de Juan Enrique Azcoaga con ratones CD1
Authors: Aponte-Zumba Jennifer Andrea , Martínez-Suárez Pedro Carlos , Reiván-Ortiz Geovanny Genaro , Ramírez-Coronel Andrés Alexis
Published: April 2022

Juan Enrique Azcoaga define el aprendizaje como un proceso que afecta el comportamiento humano y animal. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo central describir y validar pre-experimentalmente la teoría del aprendizaje pedagógico de Azcoaga mediante la experimentación en ratones de la cepa de líneas no consanguíneas (CD1). Se utiliza el método pre-experimental de laboratorio, de nivel explicativo-predictivo y con un enfoque cualitativo; el procedimiento se llevó a cabo mediante la resolución de tareas de motivación, atención tónica-sostenida y memoria de corto y largo plazo consideradas dentro de los dispositivos básicos de aprendizaje (DBA), para ello se emplea de manera aleatoria dos biomodelos (hembra y macho) de la cepa CD1 por cada tarea. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron que esta teoría es aplicable a la conducta animal, por lo que existe semejanza en el empleo de los DBA, tanto en los seres humanos como en ratones CD1 durante el proceso de aprendizaje. Estos hallazgos sugieren que esta especie es capaz de identificar, reconocer y diferenciar una tarea de otra y lograr el propósito de cada una de ellas, además de que su memoria les permite evocar recuerdos que estructuran su aprendizaje, confirmando de esta manera la hipótesis planteada.
Adaptive capacity in emergency food distribution: Pandemic pivots and possibilities for resilient communities in Colorado
Authors: Bruckner Heide , Dasaro Sophie
Published: April 2022

The unprecedented circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic have revealed weaknesses in our emergency food distribution programs and also highlighted the importance of the adaptive capacity that is actively fostered within such programs. Community-based food distribution programs have faced an increased reliance on their services due to record-breaking food insecurity since March 2020. Concurrently, these emergency food distribution programs have had to deal with the logistical chal­lenges of operating their programs during a pan­demic. How are they adapting, and which existing organizational assets have they been able to draw from and/or strengthen? Based on in-depth quali­tative research with emergency food distribution programs in Boulder and Denver, Colorado, this paper analyzes how their operational responses to the COVID-19 crisis both demonstrate and rein­force adaptive capacities. By drawing from collec­tive resources, leveraging the efficiency of their flexible and decentralized structures, and network­ing across organizations, the programs in our study took advantage of existing organizational assets. At the same time, we argue that by overcoming logisti­cal and practical barriers to address emerging food insecurity needs, they simultaneously deepened their adaptive capacities to respond to ongoing and future crises.
Aspirin challenge and desensitization in patients with suspected AERD in Qatar
Authors: Khalil Sally , Taha Salma , Al-Nesf Maryam , Mobayed Hassan
Published: April 2022

Background: Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a chronic disease characterized by chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyposis, asthma, and intolerance to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Aspirin challenge is considered the gold standard for diagnosing AERD. Many patients with AERD have reported clinical benefits when desensitized to aspirin and maintained on daily aspirin therapy. In this study, we have summarized aspirin challenges and aspirin desensitization in our division during the past ten years.

Methods: We reviewed aspirin challenges and desensitization procedures performed in the Allergy and Immunology Division at the Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar, between 2010 and 2020 from our procedures log registry and reported the results of the procedures.

Results: The procedures were performed for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, nasal polyposis, and bronchial asthma with a historical reaction to NSAIDs or those never exposed to NSAIDs. The challenge and desensitization procedure protocol is outlined in table.1. Of the 45 procedures performed, 36 (80%) patients reacted during aspirin desensitization; and their characteristics, historical reaction to NSAIDs, provoking dose, length of desensitization, and types of reactions were reviewed. Of the reactors, 32 (88%) patients completed aspirin desensitization successfully. The mean ( ± SD) age of patients was 46 ( ± 11.6) years, and 51% were women. The historical symptoms were asthma symptoms (56%) and naso-ocular (21%). The common (71%) reaction during the procedure was asthma symptoms, and 29% had naso-ocular symptoms. The provoking dose was 50–75 mg in most patients. The desensitization procedure was carried out over 2 days in most patients; however, 29% of the patients needed more than 2 days to complete the desensitization. None of the reactors needed emergency epinephrine use or hospital admission.

Conclusion: In our review, desensitization was successful in all the patients who reacted to aspirin, and it was the only therapeutic choice for patients with AERD before the era of biologics. The procedure was well tolerated in most patients. Aspirin challenge was positive in 80% of our patients with suspected AERD, and this has an important diagnostic value that may help in choosing the proper biologic, such as dupilumab, for these patients.
Myths, misconceptions, and hesitancy in people residing in Qatar toward mRNA COVID-19 vaccines: An experience exchange from Qatar University health center
Authors: Al-Rashid Maryam , Al-Hamad Areej , Al-Hamad Ahmad , Yasin Yasin
Published: April 2022

The hesitancy in taking COVID-19 vaccines is a complex process influenced by several factors, including individual, social, and cultural. Health literacy and community awareness around mRNA COVID-19 vaccines are critical for successfully combating the pandemic. Healthcare professionals, including family physicians and nurses, can help increase community awareness and mitigate some misconceptions and hesitancy regarding mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in people's attitudes. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to explore how the interaction between an individual's social identities such as gender, ethnicity, culture, knowledge, and belief impact their hesitancy and attitudes toward mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. We aimed to describe our experience in dealing with people residing in Qatar from the perspective of healthcare practitioners from the Qatar University Health Center during the period when mRNA COVID-19 vaccines was introduced in a time frame of 6 months (April to October, 2021).

We identified several factors associated with the reluctance to receive mRNA COVID-19 vaccines once vaccination services were available, affordable, and accessible to everyone in Qatar (). Most individuals were hesitant and refused to take mRNA COVID-19 vaccines owing to the unjustified myths and fear about potential side effects of vaccines in general and unknown long-term effects of vaccination, especially among women who were uneducated. We believe we have been able to put forth a fair, unbiased, and balanced argument between an individual's right to take or refuse the vaccine and the overall benefits to the public and community health in terms of the overall community immunity when the vast majority of the population will be vaccinated. Our experience could assist in developing culturally sensitive and tailored community outreach programs to increase community awareness as it is the cornerstone on which public health can fight the irrational myths, fear, misconceptions, vaccine hesitancy, and improve vaccination coverages. Moreover, our shared experiences might be able to better prepare future launching of pandemic vaccination campaigns in order to minimize vaccine hesitancy.
Real-world experience of the clinical effectiveness of omalizumab use in Qatar – a study protocol
Authors: Purayil Saleema , Mobayed Hassan , Al-Nesf Maryam
Published: April 2022

Omalizumab (XOLAIR®) is a recombinant DNA-derived humanized IgG1κ monoclonal antibody that binds to IgE and was first introduced in Qatar in 2009. Omalizumab is used to treat moderate-to-severe allergic asthma (SAA), chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU), and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). In this study, we have described a proposal to investigate the outcomes and impact of the clinical use of omalizumab for the labeled indications (SAA, CIU, and CRSwNP) and other off-label indications (food allergy, dermatitis, and others) in clinical practice in Qatar. This is a mixed-design study in which the first stage included a chart review of all the patients from the Allergy and Immunology Division registry who received omalizumab since May 2009. The second stage was a cross-sectional questionnaire to review all (previous and current) patients and identify their current health status and treatment outcomes. The third stage was a proof of concept and consisted of selecting a cohort to investigate the omalizumab mechanism for patients before and after administration. Patients with a physician diagnosis of asthma and/or urticaria fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for omalizumab administration and patients with off-label indications were recruited. Expected outcomes included identifying the real-life effectiveness and the experience of using omalizumab in Qatar and reporting all potential adverse effects that might have been missed during early trials or other published studies. This study was essential to observe Qatar’s local clinical practice regarding the use of omalizumab; and in addition, we could gather data about the risk factors contributing to disease recovery or progression and those resulting in favorable or unfavorable outcomes. We expect the results to augment the current knowledge about understanding diseases and the global experience on the use of omalizumab.
Circulatory EVs as a predictor of chronic urticarial activity
Authors: Mohammed-Ali Ramzy , Jerobin Jayakumar , Khalil Sally , Sivaraman Siveen , Ramanjaneya Manjunath , Betahi Ilham , Badi Abou Samra Abdul , Al-Nesf Maryam
Published: April 2022

Background: Chronic urticaria (CU) is a common and complex disorder that occurs without any identifiable provoking factor. The mechanisms underlying CU pathogenesis are still not fully understood. The autoimmune theory of IgG autoantibodies to IgE/high-affinity receptor of IgE on mast cells and mast cell activation and autoallergy (IgE-mediated disease) might contribute to CU pathogenesis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous vesicles released from apoptotic or activated cells of different types. Elevated circulating levels of EVs in allergic diseases were associated with inflammation and disease progression. In this study, we aimed to investigate circulating EVs as potential biomarkers in patients with CU compared with that in healthy controls. Methods: We studied 15 patients with CU and 16 healthy controls. Circulatory EVs (plasma) were characterized by the presence of externalized phosphatidylserine (annexin V staining). Endothelial cells, platelets, T and B cells, macrophages, granulocytes, PECAM 2 1, and tissue factors were investigated. An unpaired t-test was used, and P <  0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: We did not find significant differences in the total number of EVs in patients with CU. A significant decrease in the levels of T-cells (CD3) and endothelial cells (CD146) (P < 0.05) in these patients than in controls was found. No significant differences were observed between patients with CU and healthy controls in terms of platelets, macrophages, PECAM-1, B cells, and tissue factors. Conclusion: Endothelial cells have been shown to contribute to the pathogenesis of CU and are also targeted by mediators released by mast cells and other cellular infiltrates. We identified that circulatory endothelial and T-cell EVs might play an important role in CU pathogenesis. In addition, our study highlights the importance of EVs as future therapeutic targets to be investigated.
Severity and outcome of COVID-19 disease in patients with allergic rhinitis during the pandemic in Qatar – A preliminary report
Authors: Aqel Sami , Ibrahim Tayseer , Taha Salma , Mobayed Hassan , Al-Nesf Maryam
Published: April 2022

Background: Allergic rhinitis and asthma exacerbation are strongly linked to respiratory viral and bacterial infections. COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about the risk of infection and the severity of COVID-19 infection in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis. However, increasing evidence suggests that atopic disease protects against severe COVID-19 illness owing to the underlying type 2 inflammatory process. Many studies have reported the impact of asthma on COVID-19 disease; however, data on allergic rhinitis are scarce. In this study, we aimed to investigate the severity and outcome of COVID-19 disease in adult patients with allergic rhinitis in Qatar during the first pandemic wave.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of adult patients with a confirmed diagnosis of asthma and/or allergic rhinitis who had a positive COVID-19 RT-PCR between February 01, 2020, and December 01, 2020. Parameters evaluated included the WHO classification of COVID-19 disease severity as mild, moderate, severe, and critical; COVID-19 disease outcome; and mortality. Patients with allergic rhinitis were defined as those with typical allergic rhinitis symptoms and positive skin prick test or specific IgE to perennial or seasonal inhaled allergens. Only data about patients with allergic rhinitis has been presented in this report.

Results: We screened 97 EMR Cerner records of patients who had the diagnosis code for allergic rhinitis. Nine patients met the inclusion criteria of allergic rhinitis diagnosis; the remaining either had no allergy testing or had negative allergy tests. Seven (77.7%) patients had mild COVID-19, whereas only one (11.1%) patient each had moderate and severe disease. The length of hospital stays for 6 patients ranged from 5–13 days, and the remaining 3 patients were quarantined at home. No reports of critical cases or death were identified. All the patients recovered from COVID-19 with a favorable outcome.

Conclusion: This preliminary data showed that most patients with allergic rhinitis had mild COVID-19 disease. Furthermore, all of them recovered well, similar to the available data from previous studies. A limitation of this study is the small population size.
DINAMICA RELAȚIILOR TURCO-ROMÂNE ÎN REGIUNEA EXTINSĂ A MĂRII NEGRE. O PERSPECTIVĂ NEOLIBERALĂ
Authors: TATOMIR Mihai
Published: April 2022

Regiunea Extinsă a Mării Negre (REMN) reprezintă un construct geopolitic complex. Pe de o parte, spațiul are un potențial imens în ceea ce privește extracția de materii prime, facilitând în același timp schimburile comerciale dintre actorii din zonă. Pe de altă parte, în cadrul acestui areal geografic, ne confruntăm cu o serie de conflicte înghețate cauzate atât de actori statali, cât și de actori nonstatali. În acest context, evoluțiile geopolitice regionale reprezintă chestiuni de interes pentru statul român și Republica Turcia, țări care au numeroase țeluri comune energetice, comerciale și de securitate. Din acest motiv, studiul pornește de la premisa că raporturile româno-turce din REMN pot fi privite din perspectiva teoriei neoliberale a relațiilor internaționale. Pentru a asigura o analiză cuprinzătoare asupra subiectului, au fost incluse în articol o scurtă istorie a dinamicii politice dintre celor două state, precum și o prezentare a aspectelor geopolitice ale arealului geografic menționat anterior.
CONSIDERATIONS ON THE DESIGN OF THE AIR DEFENCE RESPONSE IN THE CURRENT AIRSPACE
Authors: ROMAN Daniel
Published: April 2022

The unprecedented technological development in the field of weapons and ammunition used in the airspace, at low and very low altitudes, is one of the major challenges that the traditional air defence systems have to face. To this end, the military specialists of the modern armies pay special attention to the new types of air threats and seek solutions to maintain a balanced situation in the field of airspace security. In this regard, a number of transformations of the VSHORAD, SHORAD air defence missile systems are identified. The technical and tactical solutions mainly refer to increasing the capabilities of the weapons and ammunition systems, which can be used in achieving the specific algorithm of countering an air threat by applying certain specific methods, TEWA (Threat Evaluation and Weapons Allocation). This scientific approach highlights the possibilities of taking short and very short range air action as a starting point in the current development of the air defence systems, which by applying the operational art can temporarily compensate for the technological gap between the air threats and the air defence response.
Educação e Saúde: reflexões sobre comprometimentos da saúde docente pelo trabalho remoto em tempos de pandemia
Authors: Segadilha Delcineide Maria Ferreira , Santos Iracy de Sousa
Published: April 2022

Neste artigo tem-se como objetivo geral: refletir sobre os comprometimentos da saúde docente no contexto do trabalho remoto em tempos da pandemia da Covid-19. Utiliza-se como base de análise observações participantes em reuniões dos/as docentes do Curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal do Maranhão. Como instrumentos de investigação usou-se observação participante e pesquisa bibliográfica. Para análise dos dados, fez-se uso da interpretação e inferência dos dados. Concluiu-se que a pandemia da Covid-19 intensificou um quadro que expõe os docentes a um cenário de adoecimentos atravessado por sentimentos de medo, ansiedade, estresse e depressão. Adoecimentos que têm levado muitos docentes a afastamentos, assim como a quadros sérios de enfermidade, destituindo-os da possibilidade de orgulhar-se de seu fazer profissional. Assim, considera-se fundamental equilibrar a produção da pesquisa básica e aplicada em todos os setores da sociedade, em especial Saúde e Educação, campos da ciência fundamentais à qualidade de vida.

Palavras-chave: Educação; Saúde; Pandemia.
Stakeholders em foco: Design Thinking aplicado a desenvolvimento de soluções de tecnologia da informação
Authors: Chagas Uilton de Oliveira , Arenas Marlene Valério dos Santos
Published: April 2022

O presente artigo foi desenvolvido tendo como base a Instrução Normativa n.º 1, de 4 de abril de 2019 (BRASIL, 2019b), com o objetivo desenvolver um Sistema de Informação Gerencial (SIG) para atender as diretrizes da IN SGD/ME n.º 1/2019, para tornar mais célere a contratação de bens e serviços de TI, aplicando os fundamentos do modelo de Design Thinking. Do ponto de vista dos procedimentos técnicos, classifica-se como pesquisa-ação, aplicada com característica exploratória, contando com dados quantitativos e qualitativos, sendo a primeira fase predominantemente quantitativa, a segunda qualitativa e a terceira quali-quanti. A ação das ferramentas do Design Thinking do começo ao fim da pesquisa, resultou em um protótipo do produto tecnológico – Protótipo de Gerenciador de Processos para Contratação de Soluções de Tecnologia da Informação (GeProC-TI) – que, permitiu ao IFRO, maior participação e gestão por parte dos Stakeholders. O Design Thinking, por sua vez, foi explorado desde a primeira fase, examinando e delimitando o problema sob diferentes perspectivas dos stakeholders, focaliznado na resolução de problemas, até a quinta fase(prototipação), onde o Grupo de trabalho (GT) testou os protótipos, simulando as ações previstas no fluxo de trabalho idealizado na quarta fase (proposição).
randomised prospective comparative study of hemodynamic variables using propofol versus sevoflurane for induction and maintanence of anaesthesia in adult nasal surgeries
Authors: Thippeswamy H G , Upendra Upendra , Padmanabha S
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Intravenous agents are commonly used for induction of anaesthesia in adults followed by inhalational agents for maintenance. A problem with this technique is transition phase from induction to maintenance. Rapid redistribution of Intravenous agent could lead to lightening of anaesthesia before adequate depth is attained with inhalational agent. As nasal surgeries like FESS requires a blood less field with minimal hemodynamic variability, present study is undertaken to compare hemodynamic variability and induction time using Propofol versus Sevoflurane for both induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in adult nasal surgeries. Materials and Methods: This Quasi Experimental study was conducted in Department of Anaesthesia, Yenepoya Medical College Hospital, Mangalore during the period between October 2015 and October 2017. 60 patients were randomly divided into one of the two groups by envelope method in which Group P patients (n = 30) was induced with Propofol 2 mg/kg and maintained with Propofol infusion at 100 mcg/kg/min and Group S patients (n = 30) was induced with Sevoflurane 8% and maintained with Sevoflurane 2%. Induction time was noted.
Online food ordering application for local vendors using PHP
Authors: Sriram J , Akilan S. S
Published: April 2022

An Online Food Ordering System is proposed here which simplifies the food ordering process. The proposed system shows a user interface and update the menu with all available options so that it eases the customer work. Customer can choose more than one item to make an order and can view order details before logging off. The order is placed in the queue and updated in the database and returned in real time. The main purpose of this project is to make tie-up with local restaurant vendors and organize all of them.
Exclusive study on operation of 31 bis of trips-with special reference to public health
Authors: Maheswari S. Uma , Balu N.
Published: April 2022

World wars brought economic depression resulting in the need to regulate the trade relationship among the international community. Such a need to regulate trade relationships among world states compelled them to sign the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) agreement. The initial stages of GATT did not have provisions to protect Intellectual Property Rights. There were international conventions to address the issues concerning Trade aspects of intellectual property. The international conventions were like the Paris convention for protecting an invention, Berne for Copyright, Madrid for Trademarks etc… Several rounds of GATT gave birth to the World Trade Organization in 1995. The World Trade Organization (WTO) planned to bring unification of Intellectual Property Laws and enacted a new multilateral agreement on Trade-related aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). TRIPS are multifaceted agreements where many aspects of IPR are discussed.  Article 31 bis of TRIPs agreement concerning public health will be critically analysed in this paper. Article 31 Bis was the result of the Doha declaration that deeply discussed the issue of Article 31 F and its gap in serving the countries that lack the manufacturing capacity to address their issues of accessibility and affordability to pharmaceutical products.
Classification of COVID-19 using convolutional neural network - Resnet-50
Authors: Suganthy R. M. , Tabassum Fathima. R , Kaviya S , Karpagambal E
Published: April 2022

The main significance of employing chest X-ray images is to recognize and determine if it is covid or pneumonia. By using these images, it plays a vital role for doctors to save the lives of patients. This is even more important in nations where laboratory kits for testing are not readily available.Deep learning based recognition of covid-19 using images obtained from chest X-ray is been proposed.For training and testing purposes the ResNet 50 and Xception network is used as convolutional neural network. ResNet 50 contains 48 layers that includes a Max and Average pool.Xception network has 71 layers .Softmax is used as the activation function here to predict multinominal probability distribution.Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is employed for maximising accuracy / SGD is used to enhance accuracy.