bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feeding and Reading Ambivalence
Authors: Cruickshank Ruth
Published: September 2020

Les Armoires
vides/Cleaned Out (1974) is the first of Ernaux’s many texts exploring how gender and class have indelible leftovers. Enduring traces of the working-class rural café-épicerie of narrator Denise’s childhood with its ambivalent desires and constraints are explored in terms of abjection and of her ambivalent incorporation of the discourses of the Church, education and the patriarchy which affects her senses of value, shame and sexual appetite. The analysis supplements understandings of how class difference may be perpetuated through the (food) ‘choices’ which are effectively determined. Secret eating brings arousal but also (along with poor diet and alcohol in excess) offers insights into the traumatic effects of post-war modernization, as well as the Second World and Algerian Wars. Eating whilst reading offers solace and fuels the narrative with intertexts, but also evokes the transformative dangers of (inter)textual ‘eating on the sly’. Representations of eating and drinking raise questions of the politics of both narrative and sexual reproduction. Indeed, food and drink are bound up with psychological and embodied remainders of gendered prejudice which counter conventional feminist perspectives, and the narrator reads and consumes in bad faith, lacks freedom over her reproductive future and cannot escape inevitable remainders.
Food Questioning Values in Marie Darrieussecq’s Truismes/Pig Tales
Authors: Cruickshank Ruth
Published: September 2020

Darrieussecq’s scandal-provoking Truismes/Pig Tales (1996), set in a near-future, neo-fascist France, involves much eating, drinking and consumption of others, whilst deliberately chewing up literary, political and feminist discourses. The naïve first-person narrator (as unaware of being a sex worker as she is of the intertexts which feed her retrospective account written in porcine form) experiences a metamorphosis oscillating between sex worker, submissive lover and sow, the flux marked by being consumed physically by food cravings and sexually by male abusers. Until momentarily fueled by acorns and truffles, self-expression through writing and eating involves danger, exemplifying the implications of the squandering of excess. Ambivalent traces of meaning in food-related truisms bring into question the possibility of countering patriarchal, capitalist violence – structural and overt. Carno-phallogocentric, cannibalistic, food- and sex-fueled soirées and the ‘others’ who serve and are sacrificed at them evoke the trauma of colonialism, the Holocaust (and French co-implication in it); excesses in turn linked to late capitalism. With the opposite of nurturing mother’s milk, and countering expectations of feminist readings, re-thinking representations of eating and drinking in Truismes raises questions of the conditions of production for and the consequences of (un)critical writing about gender, race and contemporary modes of consumption.
Introduction
Authors: Dick Malcolm , Archer-Parré Caroline
Published: September 2020

2019 marks the 200th anniversary of the death of James Watt, the scientist and engineer. This chapter introduces the ways in which he has been portrayed in public art, such as William Bloye’s gilded statue of Watt, Matthew Boulton and William Murdock in Birmingham. The Introduction also looks at how Watt as a scientist, engineer and individual has been represented by writers and historians since his death. His depiction as a great man began in his obituary by Francis Jeffrey and continued in the first biographies by François Arago and James Patrick Muirhead. The projection of Watt as a national hero was substantially due to his son, James Watt junior’s filial project to celebrate his father in publications, monuments, paintings and medals. History and popular writing in the twentieth century focused attention on Watt as a steam engineer, which is the way in which he is largely perceived today. The Introduction draws attention to the ways in which writers in this volume have broadened our understanding of Watt in the twenty-first century.
James Watt and the Steam Engine
Authors: Jones Peter M.
Published: September 2020

This chapter investigates the role of non-conformist religious belief in James Watt’s up-bringing in Greenock, Scotland. Calvinism, it is suggested, facilitated ‘outside the box’ thinking and enabled absorption of the knowledge advances made during the Scientific Revolution. In the case of Watt the Calvinist outlook combined with the eighteenth-century Enlightenment in Glasgow and Birmingham to foster the development of technologies that significantly improved the efficiency of the Newcomen steam engine.
The Papers of James Watt and Family
Authors: Tait Fiona
Published: September 2020

This chapter describes the provenance and acquisition of the James Watt and Family Papers by Archives and Collections, Library of Birmingham. It describes the arrangement of the Papers and gives some indication of their importance to eighteenth and early nineteenth-century history. It provides information on the very wide ranging content of the records.
Making Black Histories, Stories and Memories Visible
Authors: Bernier Celeste-Marie , Rice Alan , Himid Lubaina , Durkin Hannah
Published: September 2020

The introduction summarises the key themes of the book and examines the ways in which Lubaina Himid has devoted her practice to researching, remembering and reimagining the lives not only of iconic freedom fighters but also of the unknown and unremembered, yet ever-present and ever-powerful enslaved women, children and men who lived and died ‘inside the invisible.’
‘Lost hope, abandoned lives, decimated civilisations’: Sites of Cultural Struggle in Beach House (1995)
Authors: Bernier Celeste-Marie , Rice Alan , Himid Lubaina , Durkin Hannah
Published: September 2020

Working to do justice to invisibilised Black lives by dispensing with the confining conventions of realistic portraiture, Himid relied on an abstract lexicon to create her Beach House series, the subject of this chapter, in 1995. Across these emotively charged and politically hard-hitting as well as aesthetically experimental works, she removes any literal trace of a human figure to focus solely on the physical structure of the beach house. As external and internal sites and sights of liminality and loss, frailty and rupture, dream and nightmare, confinement and liberation, Himid’s ‘transient temporary structures’ function as surrogate portraits of the vulnerabilities, violations and violences circumscribing Black memories, histories and narratives as defined by the histories and legacies of slavery, colonialism and empire.
‘Safety and danger and how to tell the difference’: Suffering, Struggle and Survival in Plan B (1999)
Authors: Bernier Celeste-Marie , Rice Alan , Himid Lubaina , Durkin Hannah
Published: September 2020

‘In 1997 I began to work on a series which was exhibited at Tate St Ives in 1999/2000 – Plan B. The work brought out the theme of safety and danger and how to tell the difference’, Lubaina Himid writes of this series which is the subject of this chapter. ‘What is better, to be stuck in what looks to the outside world to be a safe place but is in fact [a] dangerous place, for ever’, she asks, ‘or to venture into what is a dangerous place but have the free will to find safety’. Debating issues related to physical and psychological confinement versus liberation for African diasporic peoples fighting to survive the prejudices and persecutions of white supremacist western nations, Himid took inspiration for her title for this series from African American writer Chester B. Himes’s ‘violent’ unfinished novel Plan B, published posthumously in 1993. As per his provocative narrative in which the US nation functions as the quintessential ‘dangerous place’ for Black people trying to survive against all odds, she confirms that ‘[t]he paintings recall terrifying experiences related through desperate narratives across the centuries by runaway slaves, escaping hostages, fleeing migrants, bombed communities and battered women’. As the protagonists in Himes’s novel face life-and-death situations, so Himid argues, ‘The work exposes the dilemma of deciding whether to endure the dangers of a current violent situation or risk life-threatening events during the process of escape’. Working beyond Himes’s subject matter to destabilise temporal boundaries and interrogate competing historical contexts, Himid dramatises the tragedies and traumas experienced by ‘runaway slaves, escaping hostages, fleeing migrants, bombed communities and battered women’. She represents and reimagines narratives of slavery and freedom, memories of war and peace and testimonies of domestic and national violence. Himid uses this series to ask and answer a question: ‘Is the inside you know more dangerous to you than the outside you don’t know?’ Here she comes to terms not solely with the corporeal wounding but with the emotional suffering facing past, present and future Black diasporic peoples as a catalyst for her – and by extension their – radical formulation of a new ‘Plan B’ in which she and they endorse radical practices of resistance and revolution.
Reimaging and Reimagining an Absent-Presence in Cotton.com (2003)
Authors: Bernier Celeste-Marie , Rice Alan , Himid Lubaina , Durkin Hannah
Published: September 2020

Himid teases out cotton’s multiple implications as a priceless commodity in the global economy to tell stories that rebound backwards and forwards across time and geographies implicating populations from Africa, Asia, the Americas and Europe in local spaces and global networks that promote complex narratives around race, ethnicity, gender, class and nation. Her installation connects workers in Manchester to slaves in South Carolina to tell their interconnected stories through black and white patterns that mimic both historical and contemporary communication modes from ballads to mobile phone texts and computer communications. The specific history of the Lancaster Cotton Famine and its link to the American Civil War is key to the message of solidarity told through Cotton.com. Himid’s message of Transatlantic solidarity is discussed in terms of Michael Rothberg’s theoretical frame of multi-dimensional memory as a counterpoint to the limitations of Pierre Nora’s theories of memory and history. In spite of an inadequate material archive, she conjures through her work new ways to articulate forgotten histories that traditional historians elide.
Artist Statement IV Painting over the British to Reveal the British
Authors: Bernier Celeste-Marie , Rice Alan , Himid Lubaina , Durkin Hannah
Published: September 2020

In this section of the book, Himid discusses Swallow Hard: The Lancaster Dinner Service (2007), Jelly Mould Pavilions (2010) and Negative Positives: The Guardian Archive (2007-)
Tracing ‘the living/the dead/the ancestors’ in London and Paris Guidebooks (2009)
Authors: Bernier Celeste-Marie , Rice Alan , Himid Lubaina , Durkin Hannah
Published: September 2020

‘What are monuments for? Possible landmarks on the urban map: Paris and London’ is the title of a performance script that Himid wrote to accompany London and Paris Guidebooks, a mixed-media work she created in 2009 and which is the subject of this chapter. ‘When I was in Paris a few months ago, I came across a delightful little guide book about London’, her imaginary narrative begins. ‘It lists nearly 300 places of interest. These, it claims, range from the National Gallery to “gruesome” Old St Thomas’s operating theatre and from ancient Charterhouse to modern Canary wharf’. Losing no time in communicating her subversive and satirical message, she relies on biting irony to declare that ‘I was glad to see the publishers had included most of the important landmarks, signalling the contribution made by Africans of the Black diaspora to this great and crazy city’. Clearly, this ‘delightful little guide book’ has succeeded in mapping ‘nearly 300 places of interest’ only to fail to memorialise the ‘contributions made by Africans of the Black diaspora’: a failure Himid takes to task by creating her own radically revisionist and Black-centric tourist guides. As works of social, moral and political reparation, Himid deliberately borrows from jingoistic nationalist language in her newly conceptualised London and Paris Guidebooks in order to decode and destabilise the ideological, political and cultural stranglehold exerted by celebratory narratives that trade only in white supremacist ‘landmarks’. Working across pictorial and textual modes, she endorses strategies of editing, collaging, insertion and juxtaposition to re-present as well as represent the missing ‘contribution made by Africans of the Black diaspora’. With Himid rather than nationalist apologists as our guide, we experience a very different London and Paris. Here she equips her audiences with a radical and revolutionary ‘narrative’ in which these ‘guide books’ texts’ and ‘a random selection of some of the monuments’ visibilise rather than invisi- bilise ‘The living/ The dead/ The ancestors/ The descendants’.
Mapping Space, Debating Place: Jelly Mould Pavilions (2010) and Official Sites and Sights of Slavery and Memory
Authors: Bernier Celeste-Marie , Rice Alan , Himid Lubaina , Durkin Hannah
Published: September 2020

Lubaina Himid’s Jelly Mould Pavilions is an installation which draws attention to Liverpool’s troubled history as the largest eighteenth century slavery port in the world. After a discussion of Himid’s earlier memorial designs for the slave ship Zong as a way of discussing her ideas about memorialisation, the chapter moves to a discussion of the work using theoretical works about history, memory and trauma including the work of Paul Gilroy, Ian Baucom, bell hooks, Jean Fisher, Giorgio Agamben, Dionne Brand, Paul Ricoeur, Susan Stewart and Michael Rothberg. In particular it uses Agamben’s idea of “witnessing in the wake of historical silence” as a mode of understanding Himid’s memorial purpose. It describes the postcolonial melancholia that affects Britain and Liverpool in its reaction to its imperial past and describe Himid’s work as a memorializing attempt to show African peoples and their history as central to local and national narratives of explication, to make them visible. The chapter discusses the mobility of the project existing in multiple venues through the city constructing an alternate promenade through the cityscape making for a counter-public intervention. The Jelly Moulds articulate Liverpool’s entanglement in “spectacular conspicuous consumption” through its trade in slave-produced goods such as sugar and uses architectural models to make the point that there is an alternative future.
‘The “ghost” of it all’: Tragedy, Trauma and a ‘people there and not there’ in Le Rodeur (2016)
Authors: Bernier Celeste-Marie , Rice Alan , Himid Lubaina , Durkin Hannah
Published: September 2020

Working with a painterly rather than a poetic language, Himid made the radical decision to do justice not to ‘fettered and blind’ bodies and souls as torn apart by ‘agony and blood’, but to reimagine and recreate empowering narratives of Black diasporic artistry, agency and authority across Le Rodeur (2016–18), a series of acrylic on canvas works which is the subject of this chapter. She was inspired to create these paintings by listening to the pioneering cultural historian Anita Rupprecht deliver an academic paper, entitled ‘Modernity, Melancholy and the Transatlantic Slave Trade: The Story of the Slave Ship, Le Rodeur (1819)’, in Preston in 2015. As Himid admits, Rupprecht’s talk had an immediate impact by inspiring her own imaginative response. ‘I was having to make pictures while I was listening to her’, she confirms, remembering that ‘I was just listening to her and making pictures in my head about the actual occurrence’. And yet she was all too aware that ‘I couldn’t make paintings of hundreds of people going blind as it was too horrible’. This chapter examines her powerful statement that, ‘I was struck by the horror of the incident but also by the dread of losing sight, especially as a visual artist’, she readily confides, admitting that ‘[i]t was the most frightening thing I could think of’.
Artist Statement V Working on Paper
Authors: Bernier Celeste-Marie , Rice Alan , Himid Lubaina , Durkin Hannah
Published: September 2020

In this section of the book, Himid discusses Scenes from the Life of Toussaint L’Ouverture I (1987) and Scenes from the Life of Toussaint L’Ouverture II (2002)
GAMIFICATION IN FOR-PROFIT ORGANISATIONS: A MAPPING STUDY
Authors: Szendrői László , Dhir Krishna S. , Czakó Katalin
Published: September 2020

This study reviews prevailing trends in “for-profit” business-related gamification. It examines the current literature, focusing on gamification elements, industries and variables that is of interest to researchers in different business environments. A systematic mapping approach was applied to this study. Articles were selected from different databases in a two-step screening process, subject to sets of inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 25 articles were further for: (1) represented industries, (2) orientation of the gamified system, (3) types of implementation, (4) gamification elements analysed, (5) impact on companies, and (6) company variables analysed. Results confirmed that the number of empirical studies on gamification in for-profit organisations is growing. Researchers have placed greater emphasis on analysing customer-related gamification environments than on employee-oriented gamification. This finding is consistent with the prevailing trend of increasing demand from practitioners to gamify customer-related processes. This is likely due to the potential for higher positive impact on the performance of companies. Most frequently deployed gamification elements are badges, rewards, and leader boards. The literature suggests that over all, gamification has a positive effect on various company variables, such as motivation, engagement of employees, brand loyalty, and customer experience. This paper highlights the particular areas of business-related gamification that have already been examined and possible future directions.
Gas Content Regulates the Life Cycle of Star Formation and Black Hole Accretion in Galaxies
Authors: Yesuf Hassen M. , Ho Luis C.
Published: September 2020

Feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is expected to impact the amount of cold gas in galaxies by driving strong galactic winds, by preventing external gas inflows, or by changing the thermodynamical state of the gas. We use estimates of molecular gas mass based on dust absorption (Hα/Hβ) to study gas content of large samples of type 2 AGN host galaxies in comparison with inactive galaxies. Using sparse principal component and clustering analysis, we analyze a suite of stellar and structural parameters of ∼27,100 face-on, central galaxies at redshift z = 0.02–0.15 and with stellar mass M
⋆ ≈ 1010–2 ×  1011
M
⊙. We identify four galaxy groups of similar mass and morphology (mass surface density, velocity dispersion, concentration, and Sérsic index) that can be evolutionarily linked through a life cycle wherein gas content mediates their star formation rate (SFR) and level of AGN activity. Galaxies first consume their gas mostly through bursty star formation, then enter into a transition phase of intermediate gas richness in which star formation and AGNs coexist, before settling into retirement as gas-poor, quiescent systems with residual levels of AGN activity (LINERs). Strongly accreting black holes (Seyferts) live in gas-rich, star-forming hosts, but neither their gas reservoir nor their ability to form stars seems to be impacted instantaneously (timescales ≲0.5 Gyr) by AGN feedback. Our results are inconsistent with AGN feedback models that predict that central, bulge-dominated, Seyfert-like AGNs in massive galaxies have significantly lower molecular gas fractions than inactive galaxies of similar mass, morphology, and SFR.
Lyα Radiative Transfer: Modeling Spectrum and Surface Brightness Profiles of Lyα-emitting Galaxies at Z = 3–6
Authors: Song Hyunmi , Seon Kwang-Il , Hwang Ho Seong
Published: September 2020

We perform Lyα radiative transfer calculations to reproduce the Lyα properties of star-forming galaxies at high redshifts. We model a galaxy as a halo in which the density distributions of Lyα sources and H i plus dust medium are described with exponential functions. We also consider an outflow of the medium that represents a momentum-driven wind in a gravitational potential well. We successfully reproduce both the spectra and the surface brightness profiles of eight star-forming galaxies at z = 3–6 observed with the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer using this outflowing-halo model with Lyα scattering. The best-fit model parameters (i.e., the outflowing velocity and optical depth) for these galaxies are consistent with those in other studies. We examine the impacts of individual model parameters and input spectrum on the emerging spectrum and surface brightness profile. Further investigations of the correlations among observables (i.e., the spatial extent of Lyα halos and Lyα spectral features) and model parameters, and of spatially resolved spectra are presented as well. We demonstrate that the combination of spectrum and surface brightness profile provides strong constraints on model parameters and thus on the spatial/kinematic distributions of the medium.
Recurring Homologous Solar Eruptions in NOAA AR 11429
Authors: Dhakal Suman K. , Zhang Jie , Vemareddy Panditi , Karna Nishu
Published: September 2020

We present the study of three homologous solar eruptions from NOAA active region (AR) 11429 over four days. This large and complex AR is divided into two relatively simple subregions: northeast (NE) and southwest (SW). Recurrent eruptions occurred from the SW subregion over different evolutionary phases, which provided a unique opportunity to isolate the physical processes responsible for solar eruptions. Persistent shearing and convergence of opposite magnetic polarities led to continuous flux cancellation along the SW polarity inversion line (PIL). A filament persistently lying along the SW PIL was observed to survive each eruption, which suggests a partial eruption of the magnetic system. Further, following the first and second eruptions, a sigmoidal magnetic structure of similar morphology was reformed along the SW PIL. The photospheric motion of magnetic flux continuously injected and stored the negative helicity in the partially erupted magnetic system and built up the magnetic free energy for the successive eruptions. These results suggest that the shearing motion and magnetic flux cancellation of opposite fluxes were: (1) the dominant factor, irrespective of the evolutionary phase, that contributed to the recurrent homologous eruption, and (2) the key processes of forming the erupting structure, likely a magnetic flux rope; its long-lasting continuation results in the reformation of an identical erupting structure. The study also finds that similar magnetic topology could result in the magnetic reconnection at the same location, and such flares during the precursor phase would help in the eruption by decreasing the constraint of the overlying magnetic field.
Sequential Lid Removal in a Triple-decker Chain of CME-producing Solar Eruptions
Authors: Joshi Navin Chandra , Sterling Alphonse C. , Moore Ronald L. , Joshi Bhuwan
Published: September 2020

We investigate the onsets of three consecutive coronal mass ejection (CME) eruptions in 12 hr from a large bipolar active region (AR) observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO), the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI), and the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES). Evidently, the AR initially had a “triple-decker” configuration: three flux ropes in a vertical stack above the polarity inversion line (PIL). Upon being bumped by a confined eruption of the middle flux rope, the top flux rope erupts to make the first CME and its accompanying AR-spanning flare arcade rooted in a far apart pair of flare ribbons. The second CME is made by eruption of the previously arrested middle flux rope, which blows open the flare arcade of the first CME and produces a flare arcade rooted in a pair of flare ribbons closer to the PIL than those of the first CME. The third CME is made by blowout eruption of the bottom flux rope, which blows open the second flare arcade and makes its own flare arcade and pair of flare ribbons. Flux cancellation observed at the PIL likely triggers the initial confined eruption of the middle flux rope. That confined eruption evidently triggers the first CME eruption. The lid-removal mechanism instigated by the first CME eruption plausibly triggers the second CME eruption. Further lid removal by the second CME eruption plausibly triggers the final CME eruption.
Cross-correlation of Far-infrared Background Anisotropies and CMB Lensing from Herschel and Planck Satellites
Authors: Cao Ye , Gong Yan , Feng Chang , Cooray Asantha , Cheng Gong , Chen Xuelei
Published: September 2020

The cosmic infrared background (CIB) anisotropies and cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing are powerful measurements for exploring cosmological and astrophysical problems. In this work, we measure the autocorrelation power spectrum of the CIB anisotropies in the Herschel–SPIRE HerMES Large Mode Survey (HeLMS) field, and the cross-power spectrum with the CMB lensing measurements from the Planck satellite. The HeLMS field covers more than 270 deg2, which is much larger than in previous analysis. We use the Herschel Level 1 time stream data to merge the CIB maps at 250, 350, and 500 μm bands, and mask the areas where the flux is greater than

or there are no measured data. We obtain the final CIB power spectra at 100 ≤ ℓ ≤ 20,000 by considering several effects, such as beam function, mode coupling, transfer function, and so on. We also calculate the theoretical CIB auto- and cross-power spectra of CIB and CMB lensing by assuming that the CIB emissivity follows a Gaussian distribution in redshift. We find that, for the CIB auto-power spectra, we obtain signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns) of 15.9, 15.7, and 15.3 at 250, 350, and 500 μm, and for the CIB ⨯ CMB lensing power spectra, S/Ns of 7.5, 7.0, and 6.2 at 250, 350, and 500 μm, respectively. Comparing to previous works, the constraints on the relevant CIB parameters are improved by factors of 2– 5 in this study.
New Light on an Old Problem of the Cores of Solar Resonance Lines
Authors: Judge Philip G. , Kleint Lucia , Leenaarts Jorrit , Sukhorukov Andrii V. , Vial Jean-Claude
Published: September 2020

We reexamine a 50+ yr old problem of deep central reversals predicted for strong solar spectral lines, in contrast to the smaller reversals seen in observations. We examine data and calculations for the resonance lines of H i, Mg ii, and Ca ii, the self-reversed cores of which form in the upper chromosphere. Based on 3D simulations, as well as data for the Mg ii lines from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS), we argue that the resolution lies not in velocity fields on scales in either of the micro- or macroturbulent limits. Macroturbulence is ruled out using observations of optically thin lines formed in the upper chromosphere, and by showing that it would need to have unreasonably special properties to account for critical observations of the Mg ii resonance lines from the IRIS mission. The power in “turbulence” in the upper chromosphere may therefore be substantially lower than earlier analyses have inferred. Instead, in 3D calculations horizontal radiative transfer produces smoother source functions, smoothing out intensity gradients in wavelength and in space. These effects increase in stronger lines. Our work will have consequences for understanding the onset of the transition region, for understanding the energy in motions available for heating the corona, and for the interpretation of polarization data in terms of the Hanle effect applied to resonance line profiles.
The Effect of Magnetic Twist and Plasma Flow on the Seismology of Oscillating Flux Tubes
Authors: Bahari Karam , Jahan Zeynab
Published: September 2020

In this paper, we study propagating and standing magnetohydrodynamic kink waves in a magnetically twisted and flowing flux tube. The plasma flow is in the direction of the magnetic field; outside the tube, the magnetic field lines are purely longitudinal. The plasma density is constant both inside and outside the tube, and all stationary quantities vary abruptly at the tube boundary. Using the thin tube and weak twist approximations, the dispersion relation, which determines the dependence of the oscillation frequency on the wavenumber and the stationary quantities of the tube, is found. It is shown that the oscillation frequency of the propagating forward (backward) waves increases (decreases) as the flow speed increases; also, the increase in the magnetic twist increases the oscillation frequency of both forward and backward propagating waves. For very weak magnetic twist, the oscillation frequency of both fundamental mode and first overtone standing waves decreases with increasing flow speed. Our results show that if only the plasma flow or magnetic twist is present in the flux tube, the period ratio P
1/P
2 of the fundamental mode to the first overtone of the standing kink waves is equal to 2, but if both the plasma flow and magnetic twist are present in the flux tube, the period ratio can be smaller than 2 and support some observational cases. The asymmetry of the wave about the apex point is not affected much by the magnetic twist, but the magnetic twist causes an overestimation of both the flow speed and kink speed of the coronal loop.
Evidence of Cosmic-Ray Excess from Local Giant Molecular Clouds
Authors: Baghmanyan Vardan , Peron Giada , Casanova Sabrina , Aharonian Felix , Zanin Roberta
Published: September 2020

We report the analysis of the Fermi-Large Area Telescope data from six nearby giant molecular clouds (MCs) belonging to the Gould Belt and the Aquila Rift regions. The high statistical γ-ray spectra above 3 GeV well described by power laws make it possible to derive precise estimates of the cosmic-ray (CR) distribution in the MCs. The comparison of γ-ray spectra of Taurus, Orion A, and Orion B clouds with the model expected from Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) CR measurements confirms these clouds as passive clouds, immersed in an AMS-02-like CR spectrum. A similar comparison of Aquila Rift, Rho Oph, and Cepheus spectra yields significant deviation in both spectral indices and absolute fluxes, which can imply an additional acceleration of CRs throughout the entire clouds. Besides, the theoretical modeling of the excess γ-ray spectrum of these clouds, assuming π
0-decay interaction of CRs in the cloud, gives a considerable amount of an enhanced CR energy density and it shows a significant deviation in spectral shapes compared to the average AMS-02 CR spectrum between 30 GeV and 10 TeV. We suggest that this variation in the CR spectrum of Cepheus could be accounted for by an efficient acceleration in the shocks of winds of OB associations, while in Rho Oph, similar acceleration can be provided by multiple T-Tauri stars populated in the whole cloud. In the case of Aquila Rift, the excess in absolute CR flux could be related to an additional acceleration of CRs by supernova remnants or propagation effects in the cloud.
Impact distributif des transferts privés domestiques et internationaux au Sénégal
Authors: Al-Mouksit Akim , Robilliard Anne-Sophie
Published: September 2020

L’objectif de cet article est d’évaluer l’impact distributif des transferts privés reçus par les ménages au Sénégal à partir des données de l’Enquête de suivi de la pauvreté au Sénégal de 2011. Cette évaluation repose sur la comparaison de la distribution du revenu disponible par rapport à celle du revenu contrefactuel en l’absence de transferts. Ce revenu contrefactuel est construit selon deux scénarios. Les résultats du premier scénario, qui repose sur l’hypothèse que les transferts privés reçus n’ont pas d’effet sur le comportement du ménage, indiquent que les transferts privés sont égalisateurs en ce que le revenu disponible est plus égalitaire que le revenu contrefactuel hors transferts. L’impact égalisateur des transferts privés apparaît essentiellement tiré par les transferts privés domestiques. En levant l’hypothèse d’exogénéité des transferts, le second scénario suggère que l’effet indirect des transferts privés est potentiellement très important et encore plus égalisateur que l’effet direct. Alors que la littérature met plutôt l’accent sur l’impact distributif des transferts internationaux, les résultats obtenus ici permettent de souligner le rôle important que jouent les transferts privés domestiques dans la réduction des inégalités de revenu. Codes JEL : O15, D31.
Étrangers, encore un effort si vous voulez être européens ! Ethnographies d’une entreprise étatique de production d’autochtonie nationale en Europe de l’Ouest.
Authors: Barrett Fiedler Emma
Published: September 2020

La récente harmonisation, en Europe de l’Ouest, des pratiques et discours relevant de l’administration de l’immigration dite « légale », reposant sur un volontarisme civique ritualisé, enjoint les arrivants extracommunautaires à une course au mérite individuel en vue d’acquérir permis et statuts. À travers la mise en place de cours d’intégration déclinés nationalement et une codification culturelle des procédures de naturalisation, ce plébiscite quotidien généralisé dessine aussi les contours d’une citoyenneté européenne enracinée tout autant que néolibérale.
L’Europe et les droits des peuples autochtones
Authors: Bellier Irène
Published: September 2020

Cet article explore la relation des États de l’Union européenne (UE) aux « questions autochtones » depuis l’adoption de la Déclaration des Nations unies sur les droits des peuples autochtones. Le legs colonial, des clivages sur le droit à l’autodétermination, expliquent que ces questions ne font pas partie de l’acquis communautaire. La région dispose bien d’un système des droits humains mais les États n’intègrent guère les droits des peuples autochtones dans leurs législations ; notamment en matière industrielle ou commerciale. L’UE témoigne pourtant d’une attention plus soutenue et certaines évolutions sont encourageantes.
Une anthropologie de la politique des Capitales européennes de la Culture vue des « marges ». Ethnographie comparée des cas de GeNova04, Marseille-Provence 2013 et Matera-Basilicata 2019.
Authors: Buslacchi Maria Elena
Published: September 2020

Dans cet article je propose une ethnographie de la politique culturelle européenne des Capitales européennes de la Culture en étudiant les formes qu’elle a assumées dans trois cas méditerranéens : Gênes 2004, Marseille-Provence 2013 et Matera-Basilicata 2019. L’étude cible en particulier les implications en termes de positionnement des institutions locales, de participation citoyenne, de valeurs déployées. En observant la politique comme partie d’un processus de plus longue durée, je focalise mon attention sur certaines phases cruciales de recomposition des configurations des pouvoirs locaux, où les injonctions et les incitations européennes s’entremêlent aux pressions territoriales et en deviennent des instruments.
Citoyenneté européenne, nationalité italienne et « mythe institutionnel » du retour : le cas des Argentins et des Chiliens descendants d’émigrés italiens
Authors: Blanchard Mélissa
Published: September 2020

Fondé sur une enquête ethnographique menée dans la région du Trentin, cet article analyse ce qu’être citoyen européen veut dire pour les Argentins et les Chiliens d’origine italienne qui émigrent en Italie, donc en Europe, grâce à la nationalité italienne qu’ils ont hérité de leurs ancêtres. Il analyse les différents usages et les représentations associés à la double nationalité ainsi que les échelles d’appartenance qui accompagnent cette mobilité. Il illustre la façon dont la possession de la citoyenneté européenne participe de l’actuelle reprise de l’émigration italienne, dont le bassin de recrutement s’étend à l’Amérique latine. Cet article montre aussi que la mobilité interroge les politiques migratoires européennes, déplaçant la focale de la rhétorique de la fermeture des frontières à la pratique d’une immigration choisie. Ainsi, il interroge le travail constant de redéfinition des frontières entre « nous » et « les autres » en Europe.
Pour une définition relationnelle des radicalités
Authors: Bertrand Romain
Published: September 2020

Depuis 2001 et en particulier depuis 2012 en France, la notion de « radicalisation » a pris une grande place à la fois dans la recherche en sciences humaines et dans le débat public. Dans le même temps, les nombreuses tentatives de définition mettent en lumière ses failles et ses paradoxes au point qu’il est devenu difficile de travailler sur cette thématique sans en désavouer préalablement les termes. Le présent article propose de traiter la question de la définition de la « radicalisation » à partir des logiques de désignation des « radicalisés » par leur environnement. Sur la base de situations accompagnées par un dispositif de prévention de la radicalisation, il enjoint à comprendre la « radicalisation » comme un loci de l’expérience dans l’optique d’une anthropologie politique du sensible.
Pinocchio ou la question du départ : coordonnées locales du passage à l’acte violent des jeunes dits radicalisés
Authors: Garcia Gilles
Published: September 2020

Œil de pin, bois de chauffe doué de la parole. Le Pinocchio de Collodi (1883), conte la « course-pour-la-mort », la séduction des liens adulte/enfant et une forme de fraternité dans l’ânerie qui nous intéresse particulièrement chez ces jeunes qui partent, que le voyage soit réel ou virtuel, soit une dimension structurale propre à l’adolescence de quitter un corps, un lieu, un idéal. Et si ce corps est à quitter, c’est parce que l’anatomie fait toujours destin . En ce sens le repli identitaire s’articule avec la clinique de l’identification. Geppetto représente ce père à la fois sourd et aimant. Cette déconnaissance à l’égard des siens n’est pas seulement l’épiphénomène d’un échec familial, mais surtout la marque d’un acte réussi d’en être enfin… et ce pour un temps relativement court. Il faut donc s’attarder sur leur façon de vivre leur vie pour qu’elle en vaille la peine. Une vie avant la mort !
Entre engagement et désengagement : les signes complexes de la radicalisation
Authors: Puaud David
Published: September 2020

Cet article tend à analyser deux problématiques : quel est le cheminement qui amène un homme ou une femme à devenir adepte d’une idéologie radicale les conduisant à commettre un acte de brutalités extrémiste ? Comment savoir quand un sujet se désengage d’une projection individuelle à passer à un acte brutal ? Pour cela, l’auteur propose une analyse comparative de la temporalité biographique de deux terroristes : Stéphane Balliet l’auteur de l’attentat de Halle en Allemagne le 9 octobre 2019 qui fit deux morts et deux blessés et Mickael Harpon, responsable de la tuerie au sein de la préfecture de police de Paris. Il propose ensuite une analyse du processus de désengagement du passage à l’acte violent de personnes placées sous main de justice pour des faits de radicalisation à partir d’un travail de terrain mené au sein du centre expérimental Recherche et intervention sur les violences extrémistes (RIVE).
Chronique d’une Recherche Action Collaborative avec une association de soutien aux personnes exerçant le travail du sexe : enjeux conceptuels, méthodologiques et éthiques
Authors: Ros Jenny , Rullac Stéphane
Published: September 2020

Cette chronique vise à documenter et à analyser la phase de construction d’une Recherche Action Collaborative réalisée avec une association de soutien aux personnes exerçant le travail du sexe en Suisse. L’analyse s’articule autour d’enjeux conceptuels (construire de la connaissance avec des partenaires de terrain, à savoir les professionnel·le·s du travail social et les bénéficiaires), méthodologiques (créer des partenariats) et éthiques (favoriser la participation de toutes les personnes concernées). Nous montrons à quelles difficultés et obstacles les chercheurs et chercheuses sont confronté·e·s, dans l’objectif de contribuer au développement de ce type de recherche au service du champ professionnel du travail social.
Life on a piece of cake: performance and fatty acid profiles of black soldier fly larvae fed oilseed by-products
Authors: Schreven S.J.J. , Yener S. , van Valenberg H.J.F. , Dicke M. , van Loon J.J.A.
Published: September 2020

The oilseed crops Crambe abyssinica and Camelina sativa produce oils rich in erucic acid and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), respectively. After pressing the oil, a seed cake remains as a protein-rich by-product. Edible insects may convert this seed press cake and the defatted seed meal produced from it into insect biomass suitable for animal feed. Black soldier fly larvae (BSF, Hermetia illucens) can grow on a wide range of organic waste types, but may be hindered by excess protein or the plant toxins characteristic for these two oilseed crops, i.e. glucosinolates and their breakdown products. We tested the effects of 25, 50 and 100% oilseed by-product inclusion in the diet on survival, development, biomass production and fatty acid composition of BSF larvae. Larval performance on diets with up to 50% camelina by-product or 25% crambe by-product was similar to performance on control diet (chicken feed), and decreased with higher inclusion percentages. Larval fatty acid profiles differed significantly among diets, with larvae fed press cake more distinct from control than larvae fed seed meal. Larvae fed camelina press cake had more α-linolenic acid, whereas larvae fed crambe contained most oleic acid. The n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio decreased with increasing proportion of by-product, especially on camelina diets. Lauric acid content was highest in larvae fed 100% camelina meal or 50% crambe meal. These results indicate that BSF larvae can be successfully grown on diets with camelina or crambe oilseed by-products, and that the resulting larval n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio is favourable for animal feed. However, the fate of glucosinolates and their derivatives remains to be determined, to guarantee chemical safety of camelina- or crambe-fed BSF larvae for animal feed.
New self-dual codes of length 68 from a $ 2 \times 2 $ block matrix construction and group rings
Authors: Bortos Maria , Gildea Joe , Kaya Abidin , Korban Adrian , Tylyshchak Alexander
Published: September 2020

Many generator matrices for constructing extremal binary self-dual codes of different lengths have the form \begin{document}$ G = (I_n \ | \ A), $\end{document} where \begin{document}$ I_n $\end{document} is the \begin{document}$ n \times n $\end{document} identity matrix and \begin{document}$ A $\end{document} is the \begin{document}$ n \times n $\end{document} matrix fully determined by the first row. In this work, we define a generator matrix in which \begin{document}$ A $\end{document} is a block matrix, where the blocks come from group rings and also, \begin{document}$ A $\end{document} is not fully determined by the elements appearing in the first row. By applying our construction over \begin{document}$ \mathbb{F}_2+u\mathbb{F}_2 $\end{document} and by employing the extension method for codes, we were able to construct new extremal binary self-dual codes of length 68. Additionally, by employing a generalised neighbour method to the codes obtained, we were able to construct many new binary self-dual \begin{document}$ [68, 34, 12] $\end{document}-codes with the rare parameters \begin{document}$ \gamma = 7, 8 $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ 9 $\end{document} in \begin{document}$ W_{68, 2}. $\end{document} In particular, we find 92 new binary self-dual \begin{document}$ [68, 34, 12] $\end{document}-codes.
On the equivalence of several classes of quaternary sequences with optimal autocorrelation and length $ 2p$
Authors: Ke Pinhui , Qiao Panpan , Yang Yang
Published: September 2020

Quaternary sequences with optimal autocorrelation property are preferred in applications. Cyclotomic classes of order 4 are widely used in the constructions of quaternary sequences due to the convenience of defining a quaternary sequence with the cyclotomic classes of order 4 as its support set. Recently, several classes of optimal quaternary sequences of period \begin{document}$ 2p $\end{document}, which are all closely related to the cyclotomic classes of order 4 with respect to \begin{document}$ \mathbb{Z}_p $\end{document} were introduced in the literature. However, less attention has been paid to the equivalence between these known results. In this paper, we introduce the unified form of this kind of quaternary sequences to classify these known results and then conclude the unified forms of these optimal quaternary sequences. By doing this, we disclose the relationship between the optimal quaternary sequences derived from different methods in the literature on one hand. And on the other hand, when the new obtained optimal quaternary sequence period is \begin{document}$ 2p $\end{document} and the cyclotomic classes of order 4 are involved, the methods and the results given in this paper can be used to identify if the sequence is new or not.
openSAP: Learner Behavior and Activity in Self-Paced Enterprise MOOCs
Authors: Rohloff Tobias , Schwerer Florian , Schenk Nathanael , Meinel Christoph
Published: September 2020

Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have been a subject of research since 2012, especially in the context of professional development and workplace learning due to their flexible schedule and format, which is a prerequisite for on the job learning. But MOOCs often do not fulfill the promise of flexible learning as it is only possible to achieve a certificate during the course runtime. An unpredictable workload and thus a lack of time often results in not showing up to a course or dropping out during the course runtime. Therefore, some platform content remains accessible even after the course runtime in self-paced mode. These courses differ from live courses as participants still can access all of the content and the discussion forum in read-only mode, but are not able to take the graded assignments and exams which are a prerequisite to achieving a certificate at the end of a course. Even though it is only possible by paying a fee to earn a graded certificate for these self-paced courses, we identified a high share of additional enrollments after the course end that suggests there is still interest from participants. Nevertheless, learning behavior in self-paced courses has not been a major subject of research, yet. This work contributes to closing this research gap by exploring the learner behavior in self-paced courses. The results show tendencies of more time-efficiency and engagement of self-paced learners under certain conditions and pave the way for further research and practical applications.