bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Energy‐aware dynamic‐link load balancing method for a software‐defined network using a multi‐objective artificial bee colony algorithm and genetic operators
Authors: Neghabi Ali Akbar , Navimipour Nima Jafari , Hosseinzadeh Mehdi , Rezaee Ali
Published: October 2020

Information and communication technology (ICT) is one of the sectors that have the highest energy consumption worldwide. It implies that the use of energy in the ICT must be controlled. A software‐defined network (SDN) is a new technology in computer networking. It separates the control and data planes to make networks more programmable and flexible. To obtain maximum scalability and robustness, load balancing is essential. The SDN controller has full knowledge of the network. It can perform load balancing efficiently. Link congestion causes some problems such as long transmission delay and increased queueing time. To overcome this obstacle, the link load balancing strategy is useful. The link load‐balancing problem has the nature of NP‐complete; therefore, it can be solved using a meta‐heuristic approach. In this study, a novel energy‐aware dynamic routing method is proposed to solve the link load‐balancing problem while reducing power consumption using the multi‐objective artificial bee colony algorithm and genetic operators. The simulation results have shown that the proposed scheme has improved packet loss rate, round trip time and jitter metrics compared with the basic ant colony, genetic‐ant colony optimisation, and round‐robin methods. Moreover, it has reduced energy consumption.
Fine‐grained CSI fingerprinting for indoor localisation using convolutional neural network
Authors: Zhang Haoyu , Tong Guoxiang , Xiong Naixue
Published: October 2020

As an important positioning source of indoor positioning technology, Wi‐Fi signals have attracted the attention of researchers for a long time. Fingerprint positioning can solve the problems caused by non‐line‐of‐sight propagation and multipath effects. To improve the accuracy of Wi‐Fi indoor positioning, this study proposes an indoor positioning algorithm based on fine‐grained channel state information (CSI) and convolutional neural network (CNN). CSI is a kind of observable measurement that better describes the nature of Wi‐Fi signal propagation than received signal strength indication. This method uses the subcarrier amplitude and phase difference information extracted from CSI data to establish fingerprints. The clustering method is used to analyse the number of clusters of fingerprint data, and the fingerprint database is divided into two sub‐databases according to the threshold. CNNs with the same network structure are used to train the two kinds of fingerprint sub‐databases. In the positioning stage, the sub‐database to which the data to be measured belongs is determined according to the calibration algorithm, and the corresponding CNN model is used to estimate the position. Experiments are performed in a typical indoor environment. Compared with existing fingerprint‐based positioning methods, this method has higher positioning accuracy.
Secure beamforming method for artificial‐noise‐aided multiuser broadcast system with users of different importance under secrecy outage probability constraint
Authors: Yao Li , Liu Youjiang , Zhang Jian , He Yudong , Qiu Yongtao , Yang Dalong , Cao Tao
Published: October 2020

In this study, the authors proposed the optimal beamforming (BF) design for multiuser broadcast secure transmission under secrecy outage probability constraint with artificial noise technique. Different from former research papers, their model assumes that different users have different priority and importance. Some users are regarded as main users with a stricter constraint, which make the normal BF algorithm not to gain the best performance. For this reason, they proposed a new BF design method for this specific system model. To deal with intractable non‐convex problems, they employed a series of optimisation algorithm like Bernstein‐type inequality and second‐order cone constraints method to transform these problems into solvable functions. After that, they show the feasibility of their new BF algorithm by Monte‐Carlo simulation method, and analyse the influence on transmission and security performance caused by different system parameters. Furthermore, they compare the security performance of their method with the normal BF method, which demonstrates the advantage of the new BF method.
Best beam selection and PHY switching policy for hybrid FSO/RF inter‐satellite communication link
Authors: Apoorva  , Bitragunta Sainath , Nitundil Sumukh
Published: October 2020

Free space optical (FSO) inter‐satellite links could often be non‐reliable due to the imperfect line of sight (LOS) links. To achieve more reliable communication, the authors propose hybrid inter‐satellite links. However, this leads to new challenges like switching physical (PHY) layers at the satellite's transmitter. In this work, they propose a novel hybrid radio frequency‐FSO (RF/FSO) satellite system. For it, they develop a novel best beam selection policy (BBSP) and switching of FSO and RF to improve the reliability of the inter‐satellite links. To obtain more insights, they investigate the performance of BBSP by deriving expressions for the outage probability, average spectral efficiency, and average bit error rate of the BBSP. For the PHY switching, they compare the instantaneous error probabilities of RF and FSO links and find the signal‐to‐noise ratio threshold at which it is more efficient to switch to RF. They further improve this threshold by considering a satellite transmitting multiple beams and choosing the best source beam. To validate the analytical findings, they simulate the proposed model with CubeSat level parameters. They and that the BBSP delivers superior performance in terms of various performance measures, which shows its applicability in next‐generation satellite systems.
Image decomposition and denoising using fractional‐order partial differential equations
Authors: Bai Jian , Feng Xiang‐Chu
Published: October 2020

In this study, the authors propose a fractional derivative‐based image decomposition and denoising model which decomposes the image into the cartoon component (the component formed by homogeneous regions and with sharp boundaries) and the texture (or noise) component. The cartoon component is modelled by a function of the fractional‐order total bounded variation, while the texture component is modelled by an oscillatory function, bounded in the negative Sobolev space norm. The authors give the corresponding minimisation functional, after some transformations, and then the resulting fractional‐order partial differential equation can be solved using the Fourier transform. By symmetry and asymmetry of the fractional‐order derivative, some generalisations and variants of the proposed model are also introduced. Finally, the authors implement the algorithm by the fractional‐order finite difference in the frequency‐domain. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed models make objective and visual improvements compared with other standard approaches in the task of decomposition and denoising.
High port‐to‐port isolation dual circularly polarised microstrip patch antenna with multifunction DGS
Authors: Chaudhuri Sumantra , Mishra Mohit , Kshetrimayum Rakhesh Singh , Sonkar Ramesh Kumar , Bhattacharjee Somen , Saha Bhaskar
Published: October 2020

A two‐port planar dual circularly polarised microstrip patch antenna is presented. The designed antenna has two groups of patches, each for transmission and reception. In one such group, only the central patch with truncated opposite corners is probe‐fed whereas the surrounding patches act as parasitic patches for bandwidth and gain enhancement. A defected ground structure (DGS) consisting 4 units of complementary square spiral resonators is used to enhance the port‐to‐port isolation as well as the axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. Based on the measured data of the fabricated prototype, the antenna is seen to have an impedance bandwidth of 900 MHz with the centre frequency of . Moreover, the AR bandwidth is measured to be 600 MHz at , whereas the peak gain within this band is found to be ranging from 6.8 to 7.9 dBic. It is also noted that the AR bandwidth lies entirely within the impedance bandwidth and the cross‐polarisation discrimination is 20 dB in the boresight direction.
Technical design and optimal energy management of a hybrid photovoltaic biogas energy system using multi‐objective grey wolf optimisation
Authors: Al‐Masri Hussein M.K. , Al‐Sharqi Abed A.
Published: October 2020

Renewable energy is the eventual objective for alleviating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and for energy affordability and reliability. This study addresses these issues in Jordan, as an oil‐importing developing country. This is done by investigating an optimal sizing methodology for a hybrid photovoltaic (PV) biogas energy system in Ramtha, Jordan in case of on‐grid and off‐grid system's configurations. The multi‐objective grey wolf optimisation algorithm is used to get non‐dominant solutions of loss of power supply probability (LPSP) and total current cost (TCC) in a case and GHG emissions with TCC in another case. Hourly measured real values of solar irradiance, temperature, municipal solid wastes and load demand are obtained from formal institutions in Jordan. Detailed mathematical modelling is performed for the proposed system to precisely evaluate its performance. Non‐dominant Pareto points are discussed in each Pareto front. These include affordable, compromised, and reliable or environmental Pareto points. The on‐grid system is found to be more reliable and cost‐effective than the off‐grid PV biogas energy system. Further, the compromised solution of the on‐grid system is found to be environmentally friendly. Finally, uncertainty investigation is conducted to examine the validity and test strength of the system's design.
Design, build, and test drive a FSAE electric vehicle
Authors: Meah Kala , Hake Donald , Wilkerson Stephen
Published: October 2020

This study presents a multidisciplinary end‐to‐end design, build, and test drive experience of a Formula Society of Automatic Engineers (FSAE) electric vehicle. The design team members’ background include computer engineering, electrical engineering, and mechanical engineering expertise. Each team member worked on a sub‐team namely mechanical, drivetrain, supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), and battery management system (BMS). The mechanical team modified/redesigned a gasoline FSAE car frame to accommodate the battery pack, cooling systems, electric drive train, and SCADA hardware. The drivetrain team designed a combinational logic‐based tractive system control board to enhance the safety and reliability of the drivetrain. The SCADA team used a model‐view‐controller software architecture and agile development practices to design and implement a custom electric vehicle operating system and the main brain hardware. The BMS team designed the sensing network and communication protocol to provide an update on the state of the health of the energy source. A thorough description of each sub‐system is provided herein. System integration and field test results are also included.
A Preliminary Study On Remote Sensing Monitoring Method For Oil And Gas Resources- A Case Study In Ordos Basin
Authors: Yuling Zhao , Jinzhong Yang , Zhi Zhang
Published: October 2020

With the continuous improvement of the understanding of the geological law and continuous innovation of unconventional oil and gas exploration and mining technology, China has made great breakthroughs in newly-added geological reserves of unconventional oil and gas resources, such as shale gas, coalbed methane, etc. But for many reasons, attention has not been paid to oil and gas resources (petroleum, natural gas, coalbed methane, shale gas), and regional remote sensing monitoring research has not been carried out. Based on high-resolution remote sensing data of the year 2018 and human-computer interactive interpretation technique, this paper built remote sensing interpretation signs of oil and gas mines, carried out exploration of remote sensing monitoring methods for oil and gas mines, completed remote sensing monitoring over development status of oil and gas mines in Ordos Basin, and proved feasibility of remote sensing monitoring method.
Study on Kinetics of Transesterification of Biodiesel in Zanthoxylum bungeanum seed Oil Ethyl Ester
Authors: Zhang Jian , Zhang Bo , Han Lu , Fan Tao , Wang Xuanjun
Published: October 2020

Zanthoxylum bungeanum seed oil (ZSO) was the by-product of the zanthoxylum industry, and was a kind of cheap and abundant source in china, which can be great potential of use as a feedstock for biodiesel production in terms of reducing the producing cost. Kinetics of Transesterification of Biodiesel from Zanthoxylum bungeanum seed Oil Ethyl Ester using Sodium ethoxide as an alkaline catalyst was studied in this paper. The results showed that the progression of transesterification was grade 1.5, the reaction activation energy was 17.876kJ•mol-1 and the pre-exponential factor was 0.8521L/(mol•min). The contrast between experimental value and predicted value displayed the dynamics model had a good veracity, and can be applied for predicting reaction rate of progress.
Monitoring of biomass at Cooling Water System of hongyanhe nuclear power plant by using acoustic methods
Authors: Zi WANG , Yong TANG , Yuanyuan FU , Wei MENG , Shuai WANG , Xiaolin LIU
Published: October 2020

In recent years, there have been large-scale jellyfish outbreaks in the Bohai Sea in summer, which have greatly affected the water intake for cold source of Hongyanhe nuclear power station in Fuzhou bay and threatened the normal operation. This study aims at early warning of invasion of jellyfish, designs and develops acoustic monitoring system for cold source biological (jellyfish)by using ascientificechosounder (EY60,70kHz,Simrad), and carries out real-time monitoring of the echo of cold source biological entering water intake, so as to obtain the resource density of jellyfish from June to September 2019. The acoustic data is processed with a software of Echoview to calculate the average SV and detect the strength of the single target to calculate the daily average flux of the monitoring point. According to the monitoring results, the maximum and minimum daily average values of SV were -62.7dB and -80.0dB, respectively. The maximum and minimum daily average values of target strength are -37.2dB and -81.0dB, respectively. The maximum and minimum daily average values of flux are 5.36ind/(s•m2) and 1.2x10-5ind/(s•m2).Combined with the daily cleaning amount of the monitoring point back-end intercepting network and meteorological data, the comparative analysis is carried out to determine the index level of the acoustic warning for cold source biological flowing into the water intake according to the correlation between average flux and amount of cleaned net.
Size effect of Water-flowing fracture Zone height based on FLAC3D
Authors: Zheng Chao , Yu Lan , Sun Ning , Zhou Hualong , He Jiangyi
Published: October 2020

The loss of water resources caused by mining fissures is a key factor restricting the green development of coal resources in western mining areas. in order to analyze the influence of mining thickness and face width on the development height of water diversion fracture zone, based on the characteristics of overburden in Xinzhuang Coal Mine, the finite difference software FLAC3D is used to simulate and analyze the size effect of water diversion fracture zone height. The simulation results show that the height of the water diversion fracture zone is positively correlated with the increase of mining thickness and working face width. When the mining thickness is 9m and the width of the working face is 240m, the height of the water diversion fracture zone is 115m, and the average distance between the coal layer 8 of Xinzhuang Coal Mine and the bottom of the Cretaceous aquifer is 106.9m, which may cause water inrush in the mine. Therefore, according to the simulation results and referring to the mining size of part of the mine face in the attached Binchang mining area, it is suggested that the mining thickness of Xinzhuang Coal Mine is about 10m and the width of the working face is not more than 200m.
Numerical simulation on aerosol pool scrubbing
Authors: Peng Cheng , Li Dong , Wang Chengyao , Lei Qinggang
Published: October 2020

In the event of severe accident for nuclear power plant (NPP), radioactive aerosols may be released into spent fuel pool (SFP) through filtered-containment-venting-system (FCVS), which are entrained by mixing gas from containment, in order to prevent the overpressure of containment. The efficiency of aerosol pool scrubbing determines the radioactive threats of spent fuel compartment induced by containment venting, and the probable amount of radioactive substance during atmospheric dispersion later on. Therefore, it is necessary to study the typical flow phenomena during the process of aerosol pool scrubbing in the SFP of PWR nuclear power plants, and figure out the important regularities and mechanisms, which can provide reference for evaluations of radioactive threats of spent fuel compartment and provide technical supports for new type of designs for SFP and venting system. In this paper, Fluent is used to establish two kinds of numerical models of SFP, including horizontal injection and vertically downward injection configurations, according to the geometrical dimensions of Qinshan 2 NPP’s SFP. TiO2 is used as the substitute of radioactive substance and coupled numerical models of VOF and DPM are introduced for qualitative and quantitative studies on the effects of diameter of aerosol particle, injection velocity, initial water depth and injection direction. The decontamination factor (DF) is determined by quantifying the mass concentration of aerosol particles which escape and are traced from the SFP under different conditions, respectively. Based on the simulation results, it can be seen that with the increase of particle diameter, DF is going to decrease at first and then increase. There should be a negative correlation between injection velocity and DF. By contrast, there is a positive association between initial water depth and DF. Besides, DFs under vertically downward injection conditions are much lower than that under horizontal injection, due to the appearance of contra-vortex flow adjacent to the free water surface.
Evaluation of a counter-flow microchannel heat exchanger performance with air-water vapor mixture to liquid water
Authors: Ren C. , Weng J.H. , Yan J.N. , Wang L. , She H.L. , Cui X.Y.
Published: October 2020

Given its configuration and operation conditions, the performance of a counter-flow microchannel heat exchanger (MCHX) is evaluated through detailed calculations. The fluids, both liquid water and air, are considered as continuum flow flowing in microchannels. The MCHX has 59 sheets, and each sheet has 48 microchannels. The microchannels for both fluids have the same cross section of 0.8mm×1mm and same length of 200mm. Log mean temperature difference method is adopted for this evaluation. Using appropriate equations, the properties of air-water vapor mixture are calculated based on that of the two components. Given the inlet temperature for liquid water(35℃) and air (170℃),the calculated outlet temperature for both fluids are 55.5℃ and 43.3℃, respectively. The results also show that the air at the outlet is saturated. The overall heat transfer coefficient reaches 100W/m2ꞏK, which is much higher than that of conventional heat exchanger with similar fluid combinations.
Experimental Testing of the Water Distillation System with Regard to Heat and Cooling Generation by Means of Reversible Thermochemical Reactions
Authors: Bespalko Sergii , Halychyi Oleksii , Poliakov Sviatoslav , Tkachenko Valentyn , Naumenko Taisiia
Published: October 2020

The paper presents the results of an experimental study on the exothermal heat and endothermal cooling generation under vacuum conditions using a water distillation system of special design. The heat and cooling are generated when KOH and NH4NO3 crystals are dissolved as a result of natural mixing in the water, distilled from NH4NO3 and KOH liquid solutions, respectively. The time evolutions of the temperatures measured in KOH→H2O→NH4NO3 and NH4NO3→H2O→KOH experiments are presented and discussed. It has been shown that under vacuum conditions, the endothermal effect of NH4NO3 dissolution in water is stronger than that observed at atmospheric pressure, while the exothermal effect of KOH dissolution in water is weaker. The experimental results obtained will be used to develop the dual thermochemical heat storage and cooling generating system in order to utilize solar heat in the summer.
Optimization of Product Distribution in the Heavy Oil Vacuum Residue High Value-added Process by Using Additives
Authors: Fan Shiguang , Xu Guanjun , Liu He , Wang Jian , Wang Zongxian , Sun Shengnan , Biney Bernard Wiafe
Published: October 2020

The increase in demand for fuel oil has brought higher challenges to the high value-added process of heavy oil vacuum residue, especially for delayed coking units. For optimization of product distribution, the effects of reaction temperature and chemical additives were discussed. The results show that high temperature and 1 wt% of the heteropoly acid (HPA) could increase the light oil yield in the experimental delayed coking simulation device.
NOx formation of swirl burner under air-staged combustion with flue gas recycle
Authors: Yuan Jinyan , Wang Mingming , Li Jihua , Lin Yuyu , Huang Xiangyong , Gu Mingyan
Published: October 2020

Air-staged and flue gas recycle (FGC) combustion are important technologies to reduce NOx emissions. This study explores FGC ratios on the NOx formation in the primary combustion zone under air-staged combustion for a HT-NR3 swirl burner at different air excess coefficients. The coal combustion characteristics including gas velocity, temperature, gas components and NOx emission under different FGC ratios were analyzed. The results show that higher the FGC ratio will larger the gas temperature decrease and lower the NOx emission. Combined FGC technology with lower air excess coefficients technology, the NOx emission at outlet of furnace will be further reduced. When the air consumption excess coefficient is 0.8 with FGC ratio 20%, the NOx concentration at the furnace outlet will decrease from 208ppm to 138ppm, lower 33.6%.
Hydrocarbon accumulation patterns of Shaximiao Formation in Longgang, Sichuan Basin
Authors: Zhiguo WANG , Wei JIN , De’an CHENG
Published: October 2020

Recent years, progress has been made in hydrocarbon exploration of Shaximiao Formation in Sichuan Basin. The Shaximiao formation is fluvial facies deposit, the reservoir is channel sandstone with a low porosity and permeability, oil and gas generate from black shale of the Lianggaoshan formation and the Da’anzhai section of Ziliujing formation. In Longgang, immigration channel is the key condition of accumulation of Shaximiao formation. There are two kinds of immigration channels, fractures caused by hydrocarbon generation overpressure release and faults. Oil generated from Lianggaoshan shale immigrated to the sandstone of bottom part of Sha1, oil and gas generated from Da’anzhai black shale immigrated to upper part sandstone though faults. There is no water in the reservoir. Channel sandstone and source faults interpretation is the key point of exploration success.
Model Predictive Control Method of hybrid Battery energy storage system for Smoothing Wind Power Fluctuation
Authors: Jianlin Li , Yuliang Tan
Published: October 2020

In a large-scale wind power generation system, active power fluctuation caused by random wind speed will have a serious impact on the power grid. In order to limit the power fluctuation that wind farm transmits to the power grid and protect the energy storage battery, this paper has proposed a model predictive control method of hybrid energy storage by optimizing the objective function and constraint conditions. Firstly, the mathematical model of predictive control method has been established in a wind power system with hybrid energy storage. Then, with the goal of minimum energy storage output and maximum charging-discharging capacity of the super-capacitor, the predictive control process has been optimized. Meanwhile, the constraint on the output power of the battery has been dynamically changed to reduce its charging-discharging switching frequency, and the model predictive control strategy of the hybrid energy storage has been formed. Finally, compared with the model prediction control method of single energy storage, based on a wind farm data, the simulation results show that the proposed method can smooth wind power fluctuation, reduce the time that the power does not satisfy the fluctuation requirements, ensure the capability of the super-capacitor, and reduce the charging-discharging switching frequency of the energy storage battery.
Development of Standards for Hydrogen Safety
Authors: Yang Yanmei , Xu Haigang , Lin Ling , Bao Wei , Zhang Bangqiang , Ai Bin
Published: October 2020

Safety standards are foundation for the deployment and development of hydrogen industry. In this paper, standards for hydrogen safety published by ISO, IEC and SAC are summarized and discussed. Standard framework of hydrogen safety is analysed. ISO standards are mainly focused on general safety standards and safety standards of hydrogen production. IEC standards are mainly focused on safety standards of fuel cell and fuel cell applications. China has basically established a safety standard framework for hydrogen industry. Safety standards for different stage of hydrogen industry are discussed and analysed. Suggestions of safety standards preparation for China are proposed.
Research on the Key Restrictive Factors of Green Energy Industry Development in Western China
Authors: Xu Chenglei , Chen Tongjie , Sun Yonghe
Published: October 2020

The development of the green energy industry in western China plays an important role in promoting local economic and social development and ensuring national energy security. At the same time, industrial development also faces imbalances in the supply and demand of green energy, insufficient local energy consumption, limited extension of the industrial chain, poverty alleviation and ecological protection and other issues. Combining the development characteristics of the green energy industry in the western region, with policy guidance, market improvement, and technological progress as the main analysis framework, based on the Delphi method, the key constraints for the green energy industry in western China are proposed, and the western green energy industry and social economy. The possible mechanism of action between development has certain reference value for promoting the development of the green energy industry and improving the operation mechanism of the green energy industry.
State-of-charge Estimation of Lithium-ion Battery Based Online Parameter Identification
Authors: Feng Juqiang , Wu Long , Huang Kaifeng , Zhang Xing , Lu Jun
Published: October 2020

Accurately estimating the state of charge (SOC) of lithium-ion is very important to improving the dynamic performance and energy utilization efficiency. In order to reduce the influence of model parameters and system coloured noise on SOC estimation accuracy, this paper proposes the SOC estimation based on online identification. Based on the mixed simplified electrochemical model, the forgetting factor recursive least squares (FFRLS) method was used to identify the parameters online, and the SOC estimation was carried out in combination with Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). Finally, the accuracy and feasibility of the method are verified by Federal Urban Driving Schedule (FUDS), the online identification and SOC estimation are carried out. The experimental results show that the SOC estimation of online parameter identification is more accurate, the system stability is faster and the error is smaller.
Performance Prediction of a Hydrogen Production System Based on PV/T Technology
Authors: Fu Zaiguo , Li Yongwei , Liang Xiaotian , Wang Long , Zhu Qunzhi
Published: October 2020

With the rapid development of hydrogen production technology by using solar energy, the research of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC) and Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) system have become popular. A design scheme of hydrogen production system based on PV/T technology was proposed. The electrolytic cell combined photovoltaic panels, trough solar collectors and multiple heat exchagers to improve the overall efficiency of the hydrogen production system. The efficiency was predicted based on empirical models. The results showed that the hydrogen production efficiency of SOEC increased with increasing temperature and with decreasing current density. However, the balance between energy efficiency and hydrogen production rate of SOEC needed to be taken into account. The predicted hydrogen production efficiency of SOEC and overall system efficiency also agreed well with the results available in literature.
Forward Design of Financial Transmission Right Market in China
Authors: Zhou Li , Liu Sijia , Xia Xue , Ye Minquan , Ou Wenqi , Wang Gang , He Yongxiu
Published: October 2020

Financial transmission right (FTR) is a kind of financial instrument to avoid congestion cost risk caused by transimission congestion. Based on the development experience of foreign transmission right market, the paper designs the financial transmission right market in line with the operation characteristics of China’s power system, including the design of transmission right product, transaction rules and settlement. Finally, the rationality and operability of the transmission right market design scheme are verified by an example calculation. The paper aims to provide theoretical reference for the construction of transmission right market in China.
Research on Prediction of Energy Storage Optimization Operation under the Power Internet of Things
Authors: Xiang Li , Ning Yonglong , Wang Xiaoqing , Tian Hongliang , Zhao Liang , Kang Jian , Liu Peiliang , Zhou Li
Published: October 2020

The technological breakthrough of energy storage and the rapid decrease in cost make the application prospect of energy storage in power system more and more extensive, and will play an increasingly important role in the safe and efficient operation of power system. The optimal arrangement of energy storage load operation is conducive to the maximization of economic profit on the grid side, which is of great significance to the satisfaction of power demand of the distribution network.
Fault early warning of pitch system of wind turbine based on GA-BP neural network model
Authors: Chen Sihan , Ma Yongguang , Ma Liangyu
Published: October 2020

A fault early warning method based on genetic algorithm to optimize the BP neural network for the wind turbine pitch system is proposed. According to the parameters monitored by SCADA system, using correlation analysis to screen out the parameters of the pitch system with strong power correlation. The BP neural network optimized by genetic algorithm is used to establish the model of the pitch system under normal working conditions. The verification results show that the input parameters of the pitch system model determined by the correlation coefficient are more reasonable, and the accuracy of the pitch system model established by the genetic algorithm-optimized BP neural network is higher than that of the unoptimized model. Based on the above model, a sliding window model is established, and the early warning threshold is determined through the statistics of the residuals of the sliding window to realize the fault early warning of the pitch system of the wind turbine. The example shows that the method can give early warning in the event of failure, and verifies the effectiveness of the method.
Gearbox Fault Prediction of Wind Turbine Based on Improved NEST Model
Authors: Shuai Di
Published: October 2020

This paper studies a fault prediction method for wind turbine gearbox. It uses grey relation analysis to get modeling variables, and makes sample data getting good integrity and redundancy by similarity analysis. Thus it gets the reduced process memory matrix, and trains the improved nonlinear state estimation (NEST) model. When the gearbox fails, the model residual will exceed the threshold value, and the model will give an early warning. Combined with the actual operation data of a wind turbine, the effectiveness and accuracy of the improved model are verified.
Design of the Integrated Intelligent Detection Platform for Electric Energy Measuring Device
Authors: Fu-yong CHENG , Min CAO , Zhong-ai LIN , Hong-lin WANG , Zheng CHEN , Bo LI , Biao TANG
Published: October 2020

For effectively detect and estimate the performance of various electric energy measuring devices, this paper proposes an integrated intelligent detection platform for the electric energy measuring device, which includes detection hardware, software and a good communication between hardware and software. With the study on the power system, communication circuit, voltage and current loop, data processing executive board and carrier communication, the hardware of integrated intelligent detection platform is designed. It also gives the software framework of detection platform and the design of information interaction for software and hardware. The integrated intelligent electric energy measuring device can greatly save time and improve detection efficiency.
Study on Design of Elastic Support for Wind Turbine
Authors: Lv Xingmei , Ruan Xiangyan , Zhong Jie , Li Xiuzhen
Published: October 2020

In this paper, the 2MW generator system is taken as an example. Firstly, the modal frequency of the system is obtained by theoretical calculation, FEA analysis and experimental test. The comparison of the three methods shows that the system frequency is calculated by using the mass point and rigid beam simplified generator model. It has a certain reliability, and greatly simplifies the selection of the elastic support of the wind turbine. Secondly, the DOE method is used to analyze the sensitivity of the wind turbine’s elastic support stiffness by the integration of ABAQUS and Isight software. Finally, the stiffness is optimized by algorithm. This is the first time that the method of designing the elastic support for wind turbine is deeply studied, which provides a scientific reference for the reasonable selection.
Analysis and research on precise control mode of outdoor substation noise
Authors: Xu Luwen , Yang Bo , Yang Tao , Zou Anxin , Zhang Lin
Published: October 2020

As people pay more and more attention to the environmental noise problem of substations, it is an important environmental protection work to carry out noise control of over-subjected substation. According to the lack of strict scientific argumentation, poor engineering control effect and high project cost, the paper proposes an accurate control model for outdoor substation noise. Taking the actual substation as an example, with the development of the substation environmental noise analysis system software SENCS, through six steps of data collection, model verification, pre-treatment analysis, optimization of governance plan and analysis of management effects, it is proposed the model of precise control of outdoor substation, which can play an important guiding role in outdoor substation noise control and new substation planning and design..
Study and suggestions on Co-benefits of reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution control
Authors: Zong Jianfang , Liu Mei , Sun Liang , Guo Huiting
Published: October 2020

Studying the co-benefits of greenhouse gases and air pollutants is highly relevant as China tries to cope with the dual challenges of climate change and pollution control. Over the past ten years, plenty of studies at home and abroad have paid attention to these co-benefits, including policy analysis, model application, case discussion, etc., and various co-benefit theories have been introduced to lay a solid scientific foundation for the development of energy and environmental development policies. In this paper, different definitions and types of co-benefits are provided, and co-benefit evaluation methodology is explained. International and domestic progress in studies on the co-benefits of reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution control are elaborated, and prospects and suggestions on future studies are analyzed.
Pollution Characteristics of Typical Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Sludge Treatment Wetlands
Authors: Luosang Zhuma , Zhang Wanjun , Ma Junwen , Huang fengying , Cui Yubo
Published: October 2020

The in-situ static box method was used to conduct a comparative experiment on sludge treatment wetlands (STWs). STW1 had ventilation structure, without reeds and STW2 had ventilation and was planted with reeds. The absolute abundance of sulfonamide, tetracycline and macrolide antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the two STWs were analyzed, and the paper discussed pollution characteristics of typical antibiotic resistance genes in the two STWs. The results showed that three ARGs, sul1 (sulfonamides), tetC (tetracyclines), ermf (macrolides), were detected in STW1 and STW2. The concentration of arginine was sul1 > tetC > ermf. The concentration level of AGRS in STW1 and STW2 was lower in bottom layer than that of surface layer sludge. The removal efficiency of ARGs in the same system was tetC > sul1 > ermf, and the removal efficiency of surface sludge and bottom sludge in different systems was STW2 > STW1. Planting wetland plants in the STW can promote the removal of ARGs.
The correlation analysis of TOC, CODCr and fluorescence characteristics in MPR
Authors: Tian Xi , Liu Ying , Zhao Chunling , Ji Xiaona , Ren Zhiming , Bian Dejun
Published: October 2020

Water samples from different biochemical reaction time in one reactor period in Micro-Pressure Inner-Loop Bioreactor (MPR) were measured respectively with adopt Excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy, Total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (CODCr),analyzed the correlation among the fluorescence integrates volume, TOC and CODCr.Results showed that with the increase of biochemical treatment time, sewage fluorescence integrates volume declined significantly, known fluorescence integrates volume, CODCr and TOC value better correlation, by fluorescence spectrometry analyzed fluorescence characteristics of sewage to determine the organic wastewater degradation effect, can be simpler and more rapid the judgment of the sewage treatment effect.
Preparation of Cleaning Agent for Treatment of Abandoned Oil Pipeline
Authors: Yang Fajie , Chi Shengmei , Wen Yufen , Wang Hongtao , Li Jing , Zhu Feng , Li Chunman , Tian Wang
Published: October 2020

China crude oil pipeline industry commonly faces with abandonment problem because of the decreasing output of oilfield and pipeline integrity problem. China released its first standard on abandoned pipeline (SY/T 7413-2018) named specifications for the disposal of abandoned oil&gas pipelines and it is implemented on the April 1st 2019. Pipeline cleaning is very necessary to dispose the abandoned pipeline to eliminate the risk of environment and safety. There are many cleaning agents for abandoned pipeline in the market. This chemical cleaning agent is not suitable for china pipeline because the wax remained in china pipeline is different that of foreign pipeline. The wax content in residual of china pipeline is very high. So, preparation of cleaning agent suitable for china pipeline is very important to remove wax with low cost. In this study one kind of hydrophilic cleaning agent is prepared. The result of lab test result and cleaning project both show that the kind of cleaning have excellent performance for the abandoned pipeline.
The removal of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in water by Ni/Fe nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Zining , Chen Junyi , Pan Zihao , Bai Hui , Zhang Yan , Zhang Zhen
Published: October 2020

In this paper, the removal of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) by synthesized Ni/Fe nanoparticles were investigated. At the same time, the factors, such as the dosage of Ni/Fe, Ni content in Ni/Fe nanoparticles, sulfate ion, HA, coexisting substances in water which affected the removal of 2,4,6-TCP by synthesized Ni/Fe nanoparticles were also investigated. Under the experimental conditions, the removal efficiency of 2,4,6-TCP by Ni/Fe nanoparticles in water was about 72% for 2 h. The dosage of Ni/Fe, Ni content in Ni/Fe nanoparticles, and Fe3+all promoted the dechlorination reaction of 2,4,6-TCP by Ni/Fe nanoparticles. Sulfate, oxalic acid and citric acid played an inhibitory role on the removal of 2,4,6-TCP by Ni/Fe nanoparticles in water. Fe2+had no obvious affect to the removal of 2,4,6-TCP by Ni/Fe nanoparticles in water. In addition, low initial HA concentration was favorable for the removal of 2,4,6-TCP by Ni/Fe nanoparticles, while high concentrations of HA played an inhibitory role.
SOFM-based Classification of Soil and Water Conservation Regionalization in Jinyun
Authors: Shi Tengfei , Tian Nan , Wang Ran , Tian Gang , Chen Mengyin
Published: October 2020

In this paper, 18 towns of Jinyun were analyzed. Natural conditions (average elevation, relative height difference, and gully density), socio-economic status(population density, and per capita disposable income), characteristics of soil erosion (area ratio of soil erosion, area ratio of soil erosion above moderate), and the present state of soil and water conservation, (vegetation coverage) were calculated. Self-organizing Feature Maps (SOFM) was used for soil and water conservation regionalization. Through the analysis of the 18 towns in Jinyun, two first-order classes and five second-order types were identified. The results showed that the classification results were consistent with the actual characteristics, and the feasibility of using SOFM for classification of soil and water conservation regionalization has been demonstrated through this study.
Support Technology of Long Bolt in Roadway under Crushing Condition
Authors: Pengde Sang
Published: October 2020

In order to solve the problem that the roadway roof is large and easy to collapse under crushing conditions. Test shows that: Under the crushing condition, a considerable part of roadway surrounding rock deformation is in a given deformation state. The control effect of support resistance on surrounding rock deformation is limited at the level of existing technology. In this kind of roadway support, the deformation method of anchor cable high rigidity support should be abandoned. It is changed to adopt the long bolt with high elongation to adapt to the deformation of surrounding rock, and continue to provide high support resistance to prevent loose rock caving caused by roof collapse. Based on this, the supporting technology of replacing anchor cable with docking bolt is put forward to increase the coordination between supporting member and roadway surrounding rock deformation. The industrial test results of Baode coal mine show that the technology can adapt to the deformation of surrounding rock and effectively prevent the tunnel roof from caving due to the break of anchor cable.
Experimental Research on Removal of UV254 by PFS in Pi River water with low turbidity
Authors: Jia Ru-sheng , Gao Yu-lan
Published: October 2020

Through beaker test, it was analyzed the effect on the removal of turbidity, chroma and UV254 in PI River water with low turbidity by poly-ferric sulfate(PFS).The results showed that it has good effect on removing turbidity and chroma by adding PFS, but it was normal to UV254, not exceed 50%,with the increase of PFS dosage, the turbidity and chroma removal trend is similar to that of UV254. For turbidity removal, the optimal dosage of PFS was 70 mg / L, and for UV254 removal, the optimal pH value range is not neutral, and it is speculated that PFS mainly neutralizes pollutants during coagulation in PI River water.
The effect on river and earth dam caused by large height mining in underground coal mine - a case in Inner Mongolia
Authors: Li Jianghua , Li Ling , Xu Hui
Published: October 2020

Some coal seams located in the shallow area belong to Jurassic system strata in Inner Mongolia, China. There may be some effect on the rivers and earth dam on the earth surface of coal field after large height mining. Hydraulic connection was analyzed according to the hydrogeological condition and additional exploration results in Wotugou coal mine. Empirical formulas were used to predict overburden failure height after analyzing the strength type of overlying rocks. The deformation of earth dam was predicted through probability integral method under large height mining. The final research results include: (1) Quaternary system aquifer belongs to the type of weak to strong watery property and has an intimate hydraulic connection with the Youfang River. (2) The overlying rocks of 2-2 coal seam belong to medium hard type for the average uniaxial compressive strength of 25.52 MPa. The maximum height of fissure zone is 92.40 m, there was no effect on Youfang River after large height mining under the depth of 251.46 m. (3) The maximum surface subsidence reached 1.7 m and the horizontal deformation reached the allowable maximum value 4.0mm/m, there would be some effect on the earth dam, so some safety measures were put forward and needed to be done.
Analysis of ceramic membrane fouling behavior and cleaning technology
Authors: Zuo Xinyi , Zhang Shoubin , Ma Guoqiang , Lv Ying , Li Peng
Published: October 2020

In this paper, while ceramic membrane fouling and its causes were introduced, the calculation of ceramic membrane fouling resistance, membrane fouling analysis methods and several common ceramic membrane cleaning techniques were summarized. In this process, some factors affecting the cleaning effect were also analyzed by enumerating cases, and the future development of ceramic membrane was prospected.
Study on Tourists’ Waste Classification Behavior: An extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior model
Authors: Wang Zhoujie , Dong Xuewang
Published: October 2020

Garbage problem is becoming more and more prominent. The most effective solution to the waste problem is waste minimization, and waste classification is the prerequisite and basis for waste minimization. At present, the effectiveness of waste classification in tourist destinations is not satisfactory. It is crucial to improve the level of tourists’ participation in destinations. In this study, we investigated tourists in Shanghai from the perspective of the factors that influence tourists’ waste classification. A total of 249 questionnaires were distributed through the questionnaire method. 236 questionnaires were valid questionnaires. We tested the hypotheses using structural equation modeling. The results of the study showed that waste classification attitude has a significant positive effect on intention, subjective norm has a significant positive effect on attitude toward waste classification, moral norm has a significant positive effect on attitude, and perceived behavioral control is not significantly related to intention. Finally, depending to the analysis of the influence of different factors on tourists’ participation in waste classification in Shanghai. We suggest strategies to increase the level of Shanghai tourists’ waste classification. This is of great theoretical and practical significance in order to accelerate the development of waste separation in Shanghai and improve the urban ecological environment.