bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of CD39+CD8+ T cells and CD39 and CD73 on tumor cells on the treatment response of epithelial ovarian cancer and patient outcomes
Authors: Sun Hai-Yan , Kang Shan , Wu Jian-Lei , Li Xue-Ping , Liu Yue-Ping , Yan Li
Published: December 2022

Objective. In this study, we evaluated whether CD39+CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and CD39 and CD73 on tumor cells had an effect on survival in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy.
Methods. A total of 129 EOC patients between 2009 and 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The expression of CD39+CD8+ TILs in the TME and CD39 and CD73 on tumor cells was measured by multiplexed quantitative fluorescence (QIF) on tissue microarrays (TMAs).
Results. The expression of CD39+CD8+ TILs in the TME and CD39 and CD73 on tumor cells in EOC patients was negatively associated with the response to platinum-based treatment. The area under the ROC curve of CD39+CD8+ TILs and CD39 and CD73 on tumor cells IHC image quantification for predicting the platinum resistance in EOC patients was 0.679, 0.718, 0.682; respectively. Furthermore, the protein expression of CD39+CD8+ TILs and CD39 and CD73 on tumor cells were higher in the platinum Resistant group than in the Sensitive group (P<0.01) and associated with a worse prognosis. Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox model analysis demonstrated that overexpression of CD39+CD8+ TILs and CD39 and CD73 on tumor cells was associated with a significantly shorter PFS (HR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.20-2.56; HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.10-2.42; HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 0.99-2.16, respectively) and decreased OS (HR: 1.66, 95% CI: 1.12-2.47; HR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.19-2.66; HR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.02-2.27, respectively) in EOC patients.
Conclusion. Our results show that the expression of CD39+CD8+ TILs and CD39 and CD73 on tumor cells could be useful markers of treatment response and prognosis in EOC patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy in Chinese women.
Integrated vortex soliton microcombs
Authors: Liu Yanwu , Lao Chenghao , Wang Min , Cheng Yinke , Fu Shiyao , Gao Chunqing , Wang Jianwei , Li Bei-Bei , Gong Qihuang , Xiao Yun-Feng , Liu Wenjing , Yang Qi-Fan
Published: December 2022

The frequency and orbital angular momentum (OAM)1,2 are independent physical properties of light that both offer unbounded degrees of freedom. However, creating, processing, and detecting high-dimensional OAM states have been a pivot and long-lasting task, as the complexity of the required optical systems scales up drastically with the OAM dimension3. On the other hand, mature toolboxes — such as optical frequency combs — have been developed in the frequency domain for parallel measurements with excellent fidelity4. Here we correlate the two dimensions into an equidistant comb structure on a photonic chip. Dissipative optical solitons formed in a nonlinear microresonator5 are emitted through the engraved angular gratings with each comb line carrying distinct OAM6. Such one-to-one correspondence between the OAM and frequencies manifests state-of-the-art extinction ratios over 18.5 dB, enabling precision spectroscopy of optical vortices. The demonstrated vortex soliton microcombs provide coherent light sources that are multiplexed in the spatial and frequency domain, having the potential to establish a new modus operandi of high-dimensional structured light.
HER2-negative or low expression as an unfavorable prognostic factor in patients with stage I/II uterine carcinosarcoma
Authors: Mizoguchi Chiharu , Nishikawa Tadaaki , Yoshida Hiroshi , Yamamoto Kasumi , Kitadai Rui , Sudo Kazuki , Shimoi Tatsunori , Miwa Maiko , Sato Sho , Shintani Daisuke , Kato Tomomi , Yano Mitsutake , Yasuda Masanori , Hirakawa Akihiro , Kato Tomoyasu , Hasegawa Kosei , Yonemori Kan
Published: December 2022

Objective
Uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) is uncommon high-grade endometrial cancer with limited treatment options. We evaluated prognostic significance of HER2 expression and HER2 gene amplification within large cohorts of UCS, and clarify clinicopathologic characteristics of HER2-low UCS.
Methods
We examined HER2 protein expression in 148 patients of UCS using IVD HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) kits and HER2 gene amplification using FISH in 72 patients.
Results
HER2 IHC score was evaluated according to the latest ASCO/CAP criteria for gastric cancer, which was negative in 41 patients, low expression of 1 + was observed in 57 patients, and HER2 high expression was observed in 50 patients (2 + in 38 and 3 + in 12 patients). There was no significant statistical difference in clinicopathological characteristics based on HER2 protein expression status. HER2 negative and low expression compared to high expression revealed poor overall survival in stage I/ II. The concordance between IHC and FISH results were relatively low compared to other cancer types (HER2 IHC score 1+, 2+, and 3 + were 5%, 15%, and 50%), and combining these results was not efficient as a prognostic factor in UCS. In contrast, HER2 IHC score alone was a prognostic factor in stage I/II UCS. HER2 low group did not show specific clinicopathologic feature.
Conclusions
Since the HER2 IHC score low in advanced UCS is a predictive factor, stratification of UCS using HER2 IHC score for HER2 IHC score low group and developing adjuvant therapy may be proposed in the near future.
When a rectal tube saves a life in an ECMO patient
Authors: Forti Alessandro , Torre Debora Emanuela , Tini Laura , Disarò Laura , Mangino Domenico , Lazzari Francesco
Published: December 2022

Background:
This article shows the concrete possibility to resolve important hypotension during assistance with ECMO by doing simple maneuvers.
The abdominal fluid overload and hypertension is a problem probably a little underestimated and underestimated during the post-cardiac arrest reperfusion phase.
Our clinical case shows how an important intra-abdominal hypertension developed and how it was treated just a few hours after the implantation of the post refractory cardiac arrest ECMO.
Case presentation
We describe a case of cardiac arrest in a 47-year-old male, 80kg, with history of moderate hypertension. Cardiac arrest happened in the patient’s house, in the presence of his wife. She immediately called for aid. 1 minute after the event cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was started by a policeman (BLS performer). 20 minutes later the Emergency Medical Service (EMS) arrived. The cardiac rhythm of presentation was a ventricular fibrillation (VF).
Forty minutes after the event, the EMS arrived with a declared ongoing CPR protocol at the cath-lab at Angel’s Hospital in Mestre (Venice). 50 min after the event a veno-arterial ECMO support was started. 3 hours after the admission in the ICU, we observed a sudden hemodynamic instability, characterized by hypotension, MAP < 60 mmHg, increase in lactates, drastic decrease in ECMO blood flow (1,5-1,8 lpm) despite > 3000rpm.
The abdomen was expanded and stiff. The intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) (measured by Unometer Abdopressure Convatec USA) was 18 cmH2O. A naso-gastric tube and a rectal tube (Rectal tube, Bicakcilar- Istanbul, Turkye) were placed. The drainage from the rectal tube was 2500ml of liquid stools in 2 hours. The IAP dropped to 9 cmH2O, and ECMO blood flow raised to 3.2 lpm. The drainage gave to the ECMO a correct blood flow returns from the cannulas and the return to a normal BF.
Conclusion
We recommend is a careful assessment of intra-abdominal pressure in the first 24 hours after the ECMO implant to prevent any drops in flow and systemic pressure.
Comparison of the levels of mental health at the different times of coronavirus disease 2019 in China college student
Authors: Zhou Qi , Li Qiong , Han Panpan , Zhuang Wenhao , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhou Dongsheng , Bian Guolin
Published: December 2022

Objective: Comparing levels of mental health including general psychological symptoms, stress and insomnia among college students at different times during the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic in China.
Methods: Two cross-sectional survey studies were conducted with 503 isolated college students through the questionnaire STAR platform. Of these, 300 students participated in February 2020 and 203 students participated in May 2022. Information collected included demographic and psychological stress measures, mental health scales including the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) to assess sleep, the Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) to assess general psychological symptoms, and the China Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS) to assess stress. ANOVAs were conducted on factors associated with mental health outcomes.
Results: From 2020 to 2022, levels of insomnia (p=0.001), anxiety/depression (p=0.001) and stress (p<0.001) decreased significantly. in February 2020, 42.67% of participants exhibited symptoms of insomnia, 16.67% exhibited anxiety/depression symptoms and 96.67% exhibited stress symptoms. in May 2022, the percentage of insomnia decreased to 28.08%, anxiety/depressive symptoms to 6.90% and stressful situations to 68.97%.
Conclusions: During the COVID-19 disease pandemic, college students participating in the survey had significantly better sleep, significantly lower levels of anxiety and depression, and lower levels of stress in 2022 compared to 2020. Despite this, high levels of stress remain, indicating that college students are suffering from a high psychological burden, and targeted interventions to promote mental health are recommended.
On Newton’s law of cooling with time delay and Ψ-Caputo fractional derivatives
Authors: Hatime Naoufel , Melliani Said , Mfadel Ali El , Baleanu Dumitru , Elomari Mhamed
Published: December 2022

In this paper, we study fractional delayed Newton’s law of cooling involving Ψ-Caputo fractional derivatives of order α ∈ (0, 1). The existence and uniqueness of solutions for our proposed model are derived from Banach fixed point theorem, Henry–Gronwall inequalities and some basic tools of Ψ-Caputo fractional calculus. In addition, a novel finite time stability criterion and some estimate results of solutions with time delay are established by using heat transfer model. We give also some specific examples with graphs and numerical experiment to illustrate the obtained results. More importantly, the comparison of model predictions versus experimental data, classical model and non-delayed model show the effectiveness of our proposed model with a reasonable precision.
Implementation strategies, facilitators, and barriers to scaling up and sustaining post pregnancy family planning, a mixed-methods systematic review protocol
Authors: Nabhan Ashraf , kabra Rita , Kiarie James
Published: December 2022

Objectives: This review aims to describe and assess the quality of the evidence on implementation strategies, facilitators, and barriers to scaling up and sustaining post pregnancy family planning.
Search methods: We will search the following electronic bibliographic databases (from inception to 15th October 2022): MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Global Index Medicus, World Health Organization. We will also search gray literature using the search engines and websites of relevant organizations. We will hand search citations in included articles. We will contact experts and groups of scientists in the field for relevant reports.
Selection criteria: We will include reports of primary studies on scaling up post pregnancy family planning. We will include studies conducted in any country, language, and publication date. We will not exclude studies based on methodological limitations.
Data collection and analysis: We will assess titles and abstracts then potential full-text papers according to the inclusion criteria. We will include reports that met the inclusion criteria. We will extract information including country, country's economic category, study type and design, strategies of scaling up post pregnancy family planning, implementation outcome evaluated in each study, and barriers and facilitators. We will use a deductive thematic synthesis process. We will use GRADE-CERQual to assess our confidence in the findings
Results: This is a protocol for a mixed methods systematic review. The review will summarize reports used either separate or bundled strategies for scaling-up post pregnancy family planning. These include strategies for healthcare infrastructure, policy and regulation, financing, human resource, and people at the point of care. We will summarize the factors that influence scaling up post pregnancy family planning.
Discussion: The results of the review will be disseminated and can contribute to the development of guidance and programmatic tools for planning, implementing, and evaluating scaling up of post pregnancy family planning.
Profiles of LncRNAs expression in Schistosoma mansoni during intra- mammalian development
Authors: Rocha Flávia Arêdes , Oliveira Victor Fernandes , Castro-Borges William , Cabral Fernanda Janku , Guerra-Sá Renata
Published: December 2022

Background
Schistosomes infect over 200 million people, resulting in chronic disease and hundreds of thousands of deaths. It is believed that the complexity of the differentiation and developmental programs observed among the different developmental stages and in the environments where the parasite lives are influenced by the regulation of gene expression. In this scenario, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) would be key molecules. Recently, our research group identified a set of 170 new lncRNAs in Schistosoma mansoni, and 15 were experimentally analyzed. Continuing this investigation, we evaluated the expression of 47 of these lncRNAs in S. mansoni developmental stages, as well as in liver samples of a murine schistosomiasis model.
Methods
We experimentally analyze 47 S. mansoni lncRNAs, and the validated ones had their expression analyzed using RT-qPCR in samples of the definitive-host-related developmental stages of the worm: cercariae, schistosomula 3.5 h, adult worms, and eggs; as well as in liver samples of BALB/c mice infected (100 cercariae) and uninfected, collected 9 weeks post-infection. Putative target protein-coding genes expression and Gene Ontology were collected in WormBase Parasite.
Results
We demonstrate that 25 of the 47 lncRNAs analyzed were primarily expressed in adult worms. 20 of these also show to be differentially expressed among the developmental stages evaluated, demonstrating that these molecules probably play a role in stage-specific gene expression. We also detect the expression of 22 S. mansoni-specific lncRNAs host liver samples, suggesting the action in the host-pathogen relationship. Finally, we describe lncRNA–protein coding gene correlations that identify lncRNAs with prospective roles in gene regulation.
Conclusions
Our results show clear differential expression patterns of lncRNAs in host-dependent development stages of S. mansoni and ascribe potential functional roles in development based on predicted intracellular interactions as well as potential for being biomarkers.
Cancer-malnutrition care beyond the hospital walls: a survey of nutrition governance, practice, knowledge and education needs in the primary care and community sector in Australia
Authors: Stewart Jane , Kiss Nicole , Simmance Natalie , Kelaart Amber , Loeliger Jenelle
Published: December 2022

Purpose
Cancer-related malnutrition remains a prevalent issue in cancer survivorship. This study aimed to understand cancer-related malnutrition practice, knowledge and education needs in the primary care and community sectors, as well as the transition of nutrition care from hospital cancer services following cancer treatment.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted with general practitioners (GPs), general practice nurses (GPNs) and dietitians in hospital cancer services, community services and primary care in Victoria, Australia.
Results
The 184 respondents represented dietitians (n = 152), GPs (n = 22) and GPNs (n = 10). GPs and GPNs, and dietitians working in primary care and community settings (78% and 63%, respectively) agree cancer malnutrition is going unrecognised in their service. Only 26% of community health services complete malnutrition risk screening and 35% of GPs and GPNs frequently weigh their patients with cancer. Most GPs and GPNs (88%) believe responsibility for malnutrition risk screening should be shared across disciplines and 94% would like access to a malnutrition screening tool. Only 32% of hospital oncology dietitians and 44% of GPs and GPNs frequently refer their patients to primary care or community dietitians.
Conclusion
Implementation of routine malnutrition risk screening in primary care and community services and improved transition of nutrition care between hospital, primary care and community practitioners is required. Targeted cancer malnutrition education and resources across all health sectors is warranted.
Adaptation of Motivation to Read Profile Scale to Turkish
Authors: AYDEMİR Zeynep , ÖZTÜRK Ergun
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this research is to adapt the "Motivation to Read Profile Scale" developed by Malloy et al. (2013) into Turkish. Within the framework of adaptation studies, firstly, the items of the scale were translated into Turkish by the researchers, then ten experts were consulted for the Turkish and English forms of the scale, and amendments to the translation were made in line with their opinions. The scale was administered to 317 students for validity and reliability studies. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed directly on the two-factor scale, as the experimental evidence regarding the construct validity of the scale in the original culture was determined. As a result of the general confirmatory factor analysis, the two-factor structure can be characterized as having values that can be acceptable. Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency coefficient for the Turkish form of the scale was 0.86. As a result, it was seen that the Turkish form of the scale was valid and reliable for this research group.
A rating scale development study for the evaluation of lesson plans and teaching practices on argumentation-based inquiry
Authors: HASANÇEBİ Funda , TUNCAY YÜKSEL Büşra , MESCİ Günkut
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable and valid rating scale for the use of the assessment and evaluation of lesson plans and teaching practices that are based on argumentation-based inquiry (ABI). The study covered two academic years (four academic semesters). Qualitative and quantitative methods were utilized throughout the development of the rating scale including data collection and data analyses. A purposive sample of 72 pre-service science teachers (PSTs) who were enrolled in a public university located in East Black Sea region of Turkey constituted the sample of the study. Content Validity Ratio (CVR=.80) and Content Validity Index (CVI=.94) values were calculated as measures of content validity. Pearson Correlation Coefficient (r=.96) and Cohen’s Kappa value (κ value was between .60 and 1.00) were calculated to test inter-rater reliability of the scores obtained by the rating scale. Findings provided evidence for the reliability and the validity of the ABI rating scale. ABI lesson plan template and ABI rating scale developed for the assessment and evaluation of ABI lesson plans and subsequent teaching practices are provided to the readers. Contributions to the field are discussed.
Spatiotemporal Assessment of Meteorological Drought of Paschim Medinipur District, West Bengal, India
Authors: Raha Shrinwantu , Deb Sayan
Published: December 2022

The drought phenomenon is linked to the water scarcity and these are the pressing issues that require careful and thoughtful consideration. Drought in India mostly affects regions that are part of numerous plateaus, including the Chottanagpur plateau and the Deccan plateau. The Paschim Medinipur District of West Bengal, which is located in the southern portion of the Chottanagpur plateau, has recently experienced extreme and severe drought on multiple occasions. The assessment of the drought scenario in this region is, nevertheless, still very far from being finalized. Using the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) at various time intervals (e.g., 3 months, 6 months, 12 months and 48 months) between 1979 and 2014, we have evaluated drought both geographically and temporally in this study. Here, the drought evaluation metrics include peak intensity, average intensity, magnitude, occurrence rate (%) and trend. Peak intensity, magnitude, average drought intensity, and the frequency of Extreme to Severe (ES) droughts are all seen to decline noticeably as time steps move forward. The frequency of moderate droughts starts to rise as time moves forward. Peak intensity, magnitude, average drought intensity, drought duration, ES and moderate drought occurrence rate is high in southern and southwestern portions of Paschim Medinipur. Additionally, the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) composite scores used to identify the drought-prone zones are estimated using the aforementioned parameters at various time steps. As the time step increases the area under the high and high moderate drought prone zone decreases, but very low and low drought prone area increases. Overall 16% area is found under high to high moderate drought prone category, whereas, approximately, 65% area is found under the low to low moderate drought category. The outcome of this research may be helpful to combat with drought and to make a fruitful move to manage water resources in the Paschim Medinipur region, West Bengal. Additionally, the study makes use of a superb methodology to comprehend the spatiotemporal variation of meteorological drought, which is applicable to all parts of the globe.
TÜRK DEVLETLERİ TEŞKİLATI ÜLKELERİNİN SALGIN SÜRECİNDE EĞİTİMDE YAŞADIKLARI SORUNLAR VE ANA DİLİ EĞİTİMİNE YANSIMALARI
Authors: DİREKCİ Bekir , ŞİMŞEK Bilal , AKBULUT Serdar
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 salgını nedeniyle toplumsal yaşamda sorunlar ortaya çıkmış, ülkeler çeşitli önlemler almak durumunda kalmıştır. Alınan önlemlerin bir kısmı ise eğitim alanında olmuştur. Söz konusu süreçte dünya genelinde uzaktan/çevrim içi eğitim gündeme gelmiş ve birçok ülkenin uzaktan/çevrim içi eğitime geçiş yaptığı görülmüştür. Bu süreç, Türk Devletleri Teşkilatına üye ülkelerde de benzer şekilde gelişmiştir. Öncelikle televizyon ve radyo kanalları gibi araçlar kullanılarak uzaktan başlatılan eğitim, ülkelerde geliştirilen dijital platformlarla desteklenmiş ardından farklı uygulamalar aracılığıyla çevrim içi eğitim seçeneği oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Ayrıca öğretmen ve öğrencilere dijital araç dağıtımı yapılmış ve öğretmenlerin dijital ortamda ders anlatabilme becerilerini geliştirmeye yönelik kurslar verilmiştir. Yapılan araştırmalar ve yayımlanan raporlar incelendiğinde; Türk Devletleri Teşkilatına üye ülkelerde, fizikî ve teknolojik altyapının eksikliği, öğretmen-öğrenci ve velilerin uzaktan/çevrim içi eğitime yeterince hazırlıklı olmadığı, bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin verimli kullanılamadığı, derslere katılım oranlarının düşmesi, ders sürelerinin yetersizliği, dijital içerik eksikliği, geri bildirim sağlanamaması, ölçme ve değerlendirmenin sağlıklı yapılamaması ve motivasyon kaybı gibi sorunların yaşandığı tespit edilmiştir.
Examination of Movies About Gifted Individuals
Authors: SAKAR Seda , YAZGI YANIK Zeynep , AVCI Merve , GÖNCÜ Ahmet , BULGURCU Sunay , OLÇAY Seray
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The mass media tools, which affect all areas of life, also influence the perceptions of gifted individuals. The perception of the gifted individual drawn by these tools shapes the perspective on gifted individuals and special abilities. Films, among these tools, take an important place in terms of their power to reach socioeconomic audiences of all ages and all levels. The objective of this study is to reveal how gifted characters are presented in films about gifted individuals.Method: The characteristics of characters in demographic and different developmental domains (cognitive, personality, social-emotional, and language) were evaluated by examining 36 films about gifted individuals. Films with a gifted individual in the lead role were included in the study. The 36 films reached by meeting this criterion constitute the research objects of the study. The data of the study, designed with the case study method, were collected by document analysis and analyzed by the descriptive analysis method. A checklist including demographic characteristics and cognitive, social-emotional, language, and personality development characteristics of gifted individuals prepared by the researchers based on the literature was used to analyze the films reached. The characteristics of gifted characters were examined by considering the checklist.Findings: According to the research findings, gifted characters were usually depicted as males in the examined films, and some characters had various diagnoses accompanying their special abilities. Concerning developmental domains, the following dimensions were observed to come to the forefront: strong memory in the domain of cognitive development, self-awareness in the domain of social-emotional development, using the language correctly and fluently in the domain of language development, and self-discipline in the domain of personality development.Conclusion: It is observed that the characteristics of gifted characters are usually reflected in films in a way overlapping with the literature. In this context, it can be recommended that films about gifted individuals should be shot in Turkey by taking the opinions of experts working in the field of gifted education.
Fault feature extraction method for rolling bearing based on MVMD and complex Fourier transform
Authors: Huang Chuanjin , Song Haijun
Published: December 2022

The vibration signals caused by rolling bearing defects in different directions may be different, and the fault diagnosis based on single channel vibration signals may be made incorrectly, and the observation results may be understood wrong. To avoid it, a new rolling bearing fault feature extraction method based on multivariate variational mode decomposition (MVMD) and complex Fourier transform (CFT) were proposed. First, the orthogonally sampled vibration signals were combined into a multivariate signal, and the multivariate signal was decomposed into several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) using the MVMD. As per this method, a unified mathematical model was used to model vibration signals in two directions, ensuring that fault features were decomposed to the same level. Finally, the CFT was applied to fuse the envelope signals in two directions in order to obtain a clearer and comprehensive amplitude-frequency feature. Simulation and test results verify the feasibility and superiority of the proposed method.
Trehalose and Isomaltulose in the Technology of Sweetened Condensed Milk
Authors: Bolshakova Ekaterina
Published: December 2022

Sucrose is an important component in many foods. However, it can be dangerous for consumers’ health, if overconsumed. For instance, it may cause tooth decay. As a rule, sucrose provides sweetness and a certain dry matter content. Alternative sweeteners and bulking agents can also perform these two functions. Unfortunately, they almost always fail to serve as an osmotically active agent in canned products. The research objective was to study the properties of trehalose and isomaltulose as sugar substitutes in sweetened condensed milk.

The study covered fifteen years of domestic and foreign research reported in the open databases of the Russian Scientific Citation Index, Scopus, and Web of Science. The list of search descriptors included twelve words and word combinations, e.g., sweetened condensed milk, water activity, sucrose, trehalose, isomaltulose, etc.

The review focused primarily on the important properties of sucrose in the sweetened condensed milk and the physico-chemical features of the milk system. The analysis provided a system of criteria to evaluate the optimality of alternative substances for sweet concentrated milk production. These criteria were applied to trehalose and isomaltulose.

The article introduces a list of criteria that can be used to evaluate sweeteners and sugar substitutes as regulators of certain technological properties in the production of sweetened concentrated milk products with intermediate moisture content. According to these criteria, trehalose and isomaltulose can serve as alternative sweeteners in condensed milk. However, the review revealed some gaps in experimental data on a number of properties of considered carbohydrates in sweetened concentrated milk products, which imposes further research.
Developing a Herbal Drink from Green Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.): Effect of Process Parameters on the Quality of the Product
Authors: Nguyen Quang Vinh , Le Dang Pha , Nguyen Minh Trung , Tran Thi Yen Nhi , Le Dang Truong
Published: December 2022

Green asparagus is widely consumed fresh due to its high nutritional value and a low calorie content. However, its short shelf-life due to a high water content causes high postharvest losses. In this study, we aimed to develop an innovative asparagus herbal drink to ease postharvest losses and diversify asparagus-derived products.

We investigated the effects of process parameters on the quality of the herbal drink from green asparagus. In particular, we determined the optimal length and grinding size for asparagus and selected suitable blanching and drying methods. Analytical responses included the contents of total soluble solids, polyphenol, carbohydrates, and vitamin C, as well as the visual appearance of asparagus samples.

The length of 5 mm was found suitable for subsequent steps as it facilitated an increase in solute in the asparagus infusion. Microwave blanching and convective drying were selected to achieve high contents of total soluble solids, polyphenol, carbohydrates, and vitamin C in the asparagus infusion. Dried asparagus ground into 1.5–2.0 mm particles was packaged into tea bags. The asparagus infusion subjected to sensory evaluation had a yellowish color, a characteristic asparagus flavor, and a relatively sweet taste. Total soluble solids in the infusion amounted to 26%.

Our results showed a possibility of developing an asparagus herbal drink which could be a potent product in the commercial market. Therefore, further large-scale studies of the asparagus herbal drink should be carried out to enhance its feasibility in the food industry.
Effect of Ionising Irradiation on Wheat Flour
Authors: Romanov Aleksandr , Markov Aleksandr , Sergeeva Irina , Kozubaeva Lyudmila , Protopopov Dmitry
Published: December 2022

Radiation processing suppresses the development of microorganisms and pests in food products. This method is safe and does not affect nutritional value; however, it may change the properties of starch and proteins. The research objective was to define the effect of ionization on the baking properties and safety indicators of wheat flour.

The study featured wheat flour subjected to gamma irradiation at 0–47.52 kGy, as well as dough and bread made from this flour. The flour samples were tested for the radioactivity of radionuclides; a set of experiments revealed their microbiological indicators and falling-number values. The dough samples were studied on an Alveograph and a Mixolab analyzer to define their structural and mechanical properties. The quality of bread was evaluated by its specific volume, shape stability, and sensory profile.

The flour proved safe in terms of residual gamma radiation after 24 and 72 h. At the maximal dose of gamma radiation, the total viable count of mesophyll aerobic and optional-anaerobic microorganisms decreased by fifteen times, whereas the amount of mold decreased by five times. The total strain energy, elastic properties, and elasticity index of the dough declined by more than 50%. The dough had a lower stability during kneading. Its gelatinization onset started earlier by 2.3–3.3°C. The falling number decreased by more than four times, probably, due to the changes in the state of wheat starch. The bread samples had a smaller specific volume and a lower dimensional stability. They also demonstrated signs of darkening, stickiness, and crumb crushing at the maximal irradiation dose (47.52 kGy).

The microbiological safety indicators of wheat flour increased at the maximal irradiation dose. However, the baking properties of flour decreased. The sensory and physicochemical parameters of bread quality started to deteriorate at ≥ 23 kGy. Therefore, ionization cannot be recommended as a disinfection method for baking wheat flour production.
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry of Volatile Organic Impurities in Whiskey
Authors: Shelekhova Nataliya , Shelekhova Tamara , Skvortsova Liubov , Poltavskaya Natalya
Published: December 2022

Alcoholic beverages are complex multicomponent objects. Their quality and safety control is a serious analytical task that requires new, more accurate instrumental methods, e.g., chromatography-mass spectrometry.

The research involved domestic and foreign whiskey, other alcoholic beverages, and 40% water-alcohol model solutions. The analytical studies were carried out on a Maestro 7820A gas chromatograph GC with an Agilent Technologies 5975 Series MCD mass selective detector, a G4513A autosampler, and a high polarity FFAP capillary column.

The research revealed the optimal parameters of chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric detection. The relative measurement error remained below 25% in the range of 1.0–10 mg/dm3 and 18% in the range of 10–500 mg/dm3. These modes were used to study the composition of the volatile organic impurities. The largest proportion of the total volatile impurities was 34.84–58.08% isoamylol, 17.31–26.76% acetic acid, and 12.50–21.28% isobutanol. Other chemical compounds were not so abundant: 0.34–0.86% isoamyl acetate, 0.13–0.39% 1-butanol, 0.03–0.06% 1-pentanol, 0.40–11.20% ethyl lactate, 0.16–2.74% ethyl caprylate, 1.40–6.44% furfural, 0.18–14.60% ethyl caprate, 0.74–2.97% ethyl laurate, and 1.75–2.39% 2-phenylethanol. The maximal total content of volatile organic impurities was 2040.30 mg/dm3: it was registered in apple samogon. The minimal total content of volatile organic impurities was 392.16 mg/dm3 in the unaged rum distillate sample.

The new method proved highly accurate in determining the qualitative and quantitative composition of twelve volatile consumable components in whiskey. The procedure took 17 min; it can be applied to mass concentrations of volatile impurities in such alcoholic beverages as grape-brandy, rum, tequila, brandy, samogon, rum, and various distillates.
Evaluating the Vegetation Development of Coal-Mine Dumps
Authors: Stepanyuk Galina , Zaushintsena Alexandra , Burenkov Sergey , Svirkova Svetlana , Gavrilov Alexandr , Osintseva Maria
Published: December 2022

Reforestation of overburden coal dumps requires new, complex reclamation methods. Competent and well-planned reclamation projects ensure a positive current-state evaluation of disturbed areas. The research objective was to describe the new vegetation that appears on natural areas after industrial disturbance.

The study involved pioneer plant communities that developed on a coal dump slope on the Taldinskiy coal field, Kuzbass, in the summer of 2021.The research involved a wide range of engineering and geological surveys, as well as a set of methods of geobotanical, taxonomic, biomorphological, and ecological analyses. The data were obtained by remote sensing.

The route reconnaissance of coal dumps with uncontrolled vegetation revealed the following results. The total plant cover on undisturbed areas had a mosaic pattern and ranged from 70 to 75%. The forest plat communities consisted of 101 plant species and 33 families. The maximal species diversity belonged to the following families: Asteraceae – 13 species, Fabaceae – 11 species, Poaceae – 8 species, Brassicaceae, Lamiaceae, Ranunculaceae, and Rosaceae – 5 species, Apiaceae, Boraginaceae, Campanulaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Cyperaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Equisetaceae, Pinaceae, Plantaginaceae, Polygonaceae, Salicaceae, and Scrophulariaceae – 2–4 species.

The Taldinskiy coal field dump was evaluated as a technogenically disturbed site with a low biomorphological and species diversity. It had a larger share of weeds, and its ratio of plant communities differed from the background phytocenosis. The type of vegetation corresponded to the first stage of plant development on technogenic areas and was defined as the stage of sparse pioneer vegetation
A review of antibiotic resistance among Campylobacter species in human, animal, and water sources in South Africa: a One Health Approach
Authors: Chibwe Mary , Odume Oghenekaro Nelson , Nnadozie Chika Felicitas
Published: December 2022

Campylobacter species are among the aetiological agents responsible for 400–500 million human diarrhoea cases per annum. The risk of dissemination of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter species between humans, animals, and the environment is anticipated, given its transmissibility through these sources. The objective of this paper is to present a situation analysis that reports the current patterns and determinants of Campylobacter antibiotic resistance in South Africa. This review applies the One Health (OH) Approach to systematically review and collate the current antibiotic resistance status among Campylobacter spp. in South Africa. The highest level of resistance of Campylobacter in humans is to azithromycin (69.7%), whereas the lowest level of resistance of Campylobacter is to gatifloxacin (8.3%). In animals, high resistance to common antibiotics erythromycin (95.06%), clindamycin (95.68%), doxycycline (87.65%), erythromycin (90%), tetracycline (84.3%), streptomycin (88%), and ampicillin (73%) while 100% resistance of Campylobacter from water samples to tetracycline, imipenem, is recorded. Furthermore, resistance to clarithromycin (95%), azithromycin (92%), clindamycin (84.2%), doxycycline (80%), and ciprofloxacin (77.8%) is reported among Campylobacter spp. from water samples. The genetic similarity results suggest the movement of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter spp. between humans and the environment. More research on antibiotic resistance among Campylobacter from other sources, outside clinical isolates, is recommended.
Assessment of water surface profile in nonprismatic compound channels using machine learning techniques
Authors: Kaushik Vijay , Kumar Munendra
Published: December 2022

Accurate prediction of water surface profile in an open channel is the key to solving numerous critical engineering problems. The goal of the current research is to predict the water surface profile of a compound channel with converging floodplains using machine learning approaches, including gene expression programming (GEP), artificial neural networks (ANNs), and support vector machines (SVMs), in terms of both geometric and flow variables, as past studies were more focused on geometric variables. A novel equation was also proposed using gene expression programming to predict the water surface profile. In order to evaluate the performance and efficacy of these models, statistical indices are used to validate the produced models for the experimental analysis. The findings demonstrate that the suggested ANN model accurately predicted the water surface profile, with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.999, root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.003, and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.107%, respectively, when compared with GEP, SVM, and previously developed methods. The study confirms the application of machine learning approaches in the field of river hydraulics, and forecasting water surface profile of nonprismatic compound channels using a proposed novel equation by gene expression programming made this study unique.
Medium-sized channel shaping in the lower Yellow River due to water–sediment regulation
Authors: Fu Jian , Lu Jun , Wu Moxi , Ma Liming , An Cuihua
Published: December 2022

The Yellow River (YR) is famous for its ‘hanging river’ due to the high sedimentation rate in the lower reaches. Reservoir sediment retention (RSR) and water–sediment regulation (WSR) of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir (XLDR) contribute to mitigating the siltation and adjusting the bankfull channel geometry in the lower Yellow River (LYR). However, few studies have been conducted to quantify the contribution of RSR and WSR to medium-sized channel shaping. In this paper, we analyzed the temporal and spatial variations of bankfull discharge (BFD) in the LYR, established empirical expressions between the BFD and the previous five-year average discharge above 2,000 m3/s and the incoming sediment coefficient during flood seasons, and then constructed three different water and sediment scenarios to quantify the contribution of the WSR of the XLDR to medium-sized channel shaping in the LYR. Calculated results indicated that WSR accounted alone for 68%–94% of the medium-sized channel shaping, with RSR contributing 6%–32%. The contribution of WSR to the recovery of medium-sized channels increased with time and became stabilized eventually. Along the LYR, such contribution also increased from 68% to 97% and eventually became stabilized in narrow reaches, reaching over 90%. The results will lay a solid technical foundation for the WSR of the XLDR, river regulation downstream of the reservoir, and sediment disposal of the YR.
Extraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from indigenous bacteria of rare earth tailings and application to removal of thorium ions (Th4+)
Authors: Han Jianhong , Li Hongyan , Liu Yi , Liu Pai , Song Yi , Wang Yuting , Zhang Lianke , Wang Weida
Published: December 2022

Thorium, as an important radioactive element, is widely present in nature, and its accompanying environmental pollution is also serious. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are commonly found on the surface of microbial bodies and have strong adsorption capacity for metal ions. In this study, four methods were used to extract EPS from indigenous bacteria of rare earth tailings and to determine the best extraction method. The extracted EPS was applied to treat Th4+, and the changes in functional groups and composition of EPS were investigated. The results showed that the ultrasonic method was more efficient than other methods. The best removal efficiency was observed at pH 3.5, Th4+ concentration of 20 mg/L, and EPS dosage of 30 mL at 25 °C. After 9 h, the adsorption process reached equilibrium with a maximum removal efficiency of 75.93% and a maximum theoretical adsorption capacity of 25.96 mg/g. The Th4+ removal process was consistent with the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms and the kinetic data were consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, which is mainly based on chemisorption. Amide I and amide II of proteins, C–H from aliphatic, as well as O–H and C = O from carboxylic acid play important roles in the adsorption process.
Graph method for critical pipe analysis of branched and looped drainage networks
Authors: Dastgir Aun , Hesarkazzazi Sina , Oberascher Martin , Hajibabaei Mohsen , Sitzenfrei Robert
Published: December 2022

Enhancing resilience of drainage networks is a crucial practice to protect both humans and nature. One way to enhance resilience is to identify critical parts of drainage networks for targeted management and maintenance strategies. While hydrodynamic modelling approaches for identification are computationally intensive, in this study, a novel method based on complex network analysis is used to determine the most critical pipes in a benchmark and a real network of an Alpine municipality. For evaluation, the results of the proposed graph method are compared with hydrodynamic simulations in terms of accuracy and computational time. Results show that the proposed method is very accurate (R2 = 0.98) for branched benchmark network while the accuracy reduces slightly for the more complex real network (R2 = 0.96). Furthermore, the accuracy of the proposed method decreases with increasing loop degree and when the system is pressured with higher return period rainfall. Although the outcomes of the proposed method show slight differences to hydrodynamic modelling, it is still very useful because the computational time and data required are much less than a hydrodynamic model.
A Famennian allochthonous pelagic facies in a shallow marine domain: the equivalent of the Vidrieros Formation (Cantabrian Mountains, Spain)
Authors: Van Loevezijn Gerard
Published: December 2022

The Devonian shallow-marine facies area of the Cantabrian Zone, the Asturo–Leonese Domain, generally contains a coarse-grained succession with reefal intercalations. However, in the most external part of the Asturo-Leonese Domain an allochthonous thrust unit contains a Famennian facies different from the surrounding coarse-grained deposits, which shows great similarities with the fine-grained pelagic facies of the Palencian Domain. The complex stratigraphic relations are analyzed, and the findings incorporated in a model. The deposits of the thrust unit can palaeogeographically be interpreted as the distal southwestern continuation of the shallow marine domain, representing a facies transition between the coarse-grained shallow marine Asturo-Leonese facies in the north, and the pelagic Palencian facies in the south.
Диалектическое и формально-логическое мышление старших дошкольников
Authors: Веракса Николай Е. , Алмазова Ольга В. , Тарасова Кристина С.
Published: December 2022

Введение. В статье приведено эмпирическое исследование проблематики соотношения развития формально-логического и диалектического мышления в дошкольном возрасте. Данный подход к сопоставлению указанных линий развития мышления реализуется впервые. Исследование призвано ответить на вопросы, поставленные в работах Ж. Пиаже, К. Ригеля, М. Бессечеза о взаимосвязи диалектического и формально-логического мышления. Методы. Для оценки развития диалектического мышления нами были использованы методики «Рисунок необычного дерева», «Циклы» и «Что может быть одновременно?». Развитие формального интеллекта определялось с помощью проб Пиаже «Весы», «Вероятность», «Цилиндр». Данные о развитии диалектического и формально-логического мышления были сопоставлены с помощью корреляционного и регрессионного статистических методов. В лонгитюдном исследовании приняли участие 87 детей в возрасте 5–6 лет, а затем в 6–7 лет, посещавших детские сады г. Москвы. Результаты. Как показал регрессионный анализ, предикторами успешности выполнения задания «Вероятность» в подготовительной группе стали показатели проб Пиаже («Вероятность», «Цилиндр») и диалектического мышления, измерявшиеся методиками «Циклы» и «Что бывает одновременно?», оценка которых проводилась, когда дошкольники посещали старшую группу (R = 0,606 (> 0,5); F = 3,957, p = 0,003). Интерес представляет связь результатов пробы «Вероятность» и результатов выполнения методики «Циклы» (r = 0,203, p = 0,021). Обсуждение результатов. Полученные результаты позволяют предположить, что формальные операции мультипликации и диалектические операции превращения, обращения, и опосредствования входят в состав единой познавательной структуры. Также можно утверждать, следуя предположению К. Ригеля, возможность решения диалектических задач в дошкольном детстве.