bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Disaster Mitigation for Palu City Residents in Dealing with Liquefaction Disasters in Accordance of Spatial Patterns of Palu City, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia.
Authors: Kuswandi Yudi , Erwindi Jossi , Dwi Hadian Moh. Sapari , Muslim Dicky
Published: January 2021

Potential natural hazards in Palu City by paying attention to the real physical characteristics of Palu City are categorized as having a high level of disaster hazard. The geological character of both the geological structure and geological engineering in the Palu region shows the great potential for geological disaster hazards. On September 28, 2018, at 18: 02 CIT, an earthquake measuring 7.4 on the Richter scale, the quake's center located in 26 km of Donggala district and 80 km northwest of Palu City. By observing the epicenter's location and the depth of the hypo-central earthquake, it appears that this shallow earthquake occurred due to activity in the Palu Koro fault zone.

This fault is the most active in Sulawesi and is the most active in Indonesia with a movement of 7 cm per year. Liquidity disasters or ground liquefaction are also the effects of an earthquake. Shocks a massive quake causes the soil to melt this thing occurs when the saturated soil loses strength and stiffness due to stress. The Petobo area and the Balaroa - Perumnas are close to the Palu Koro active fault line and the land in the area is composed of soft material from the sedimentation process. This area is shallow groundwater with high soil permeability values, namely in the Petobo area and Perumnas - Balaroa.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the potential liquefaction disaster in Palu City and analyze the Palu City resident ability against Liquefaction Hazard Prone. This research uses a descriptive qualitative analysis method. Potential liquefaction disasters were analyzing qualitatively based on geological conditions and disaster locations. Disaster mitigation capabilities were analyzed qualitatively based on the Palu City Spatial Pattern. One of the hazards caused by an earthquake that has the potential to be a disaster in Palu City is liquefaction.

The ability of residents to mitigate liquefaction in Palu City is influenced by local wisdom which is reflected in ancient times when people lived in the highlands or hills. the concept of building structures, land use, and spatial planning patterns in Palu City which can reduce the threat of liquefaction.
Mechanism Dictates Mechanics: A Molecular Substituent Effect in the Macroscopic Fracture of a Covalent Polymer Network
Authors: Wang Shu , Beech Haley , Bowser Brandon , Kouznetsova Tatiana , Olsen Bradley , Rubinstein Michael , Craig Stephen
Published: January 2021

Here, we report covalent polymer gels in which the macroscopic fracture “reaction” is controlled by mechanophores embedded within mechanically active network strands. We synthesized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) gels through the end-linking of azide-terminated tetra-arm PEG (Mn = 5 kDa) with bis-alkyne linkers. Networks were formed under identical conditions, except that the bis-alkyne was varied to include either a cis-diaryl (1) or cis-dialkyl (2) linked cyclobutane mechanophore that acts as a mechanochemical “weak link” through a force-coupled cycloreversion. A control network featuring a bis-alkyne without cyclobutane (3) was also synthesized. The networks show the same linear elasticity (G' = 23~24 kPa, 0.1 – 100 Hz) and equilibrium mass swelling ratios (Q = 10~11 in tetrahydrofuran), but they exhibit tearing energies that span a factor of 8 (3.4 J∙m-2, 10.5 J∙m-2, and 27.1 J∙m-2 for networks with 1, 2, and 3, respectively). The difference in fracture energy is well aligned with the force-coupled scission kinetics of the mechanophores observed in single-molecule force spectroscopy experiments, implicating local resonance stabilization of a diradical transition state in the cycloreversion of 1 as a key determinant of the relative ease with which its network is torn. The connection between macroscopic fracture and small molecule reaction mechanism suggests opportunities for molecular understanding and optimization of polymer network behavior.
A Rare Necrotizing Lymphadenitis: Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease
Authors: Poornima Raj  , Ravina Ravi  , Roshni P R  , Jayakumar C
Published: January 2021

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease also known as necrotizing lymphadenitis is a rare, self limiting cause of lymphadenitis with unknown etiology and pathogenesis. The clinical signs and symptoms include cervical lymphadenopathy, fever, less frequent chills, night sweats, arthralgia, rash, weight loss and symptoms of respiratory infections. Diagnosis is often based on histopathological studies involving lymph node. It is often misdiagnosed with SLE, Lymphoma etc. There is no treatment guidelines given for KFD after diagnosis it is often limited to treat the symptoms but in severe cases corticosteroids can be given. Here we discuss a 14yr old female patient presented with evening rise of temperature and significant weight loss of approximately 5kg. Along with that she has also complained about bilateral axillary swelling of small size with pain. The final diagnosis was based on lymph node biopsy indicating Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease also the laboratory values were also elevated. After diagnosis patient was treated with symptomatically and the condition of the patient also improved. Although Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease can be misdiagnosed with other diseases, a systematic diagnostic approach is needed. Since there is no specific guidelines available for the management of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, further studies are needed to conduct the therapeutic option and its long term outcome.
Awareness on Smoking and Alcohol Use and Its Association With Increased Levels of Dental Fear and Anxiety - A Survey Among Dental College Students
Authors: Harini P  , Keerthi Sasanka L  , Jothi Priya A
Published: January 2021

Lifestyle modifications, work pressure, stress may lead to adverse habits like smoking, drinking and tobacco chewing. These habits may lead to poor oral health. Not only poor oral health may also lead to dental fear and dental anxiety. Self-administered questionnaires were designed based on knowledge, attitude and practice. The questionnaire was distributed through an online platform. The study population included people belonging to the age group of 18-24 age groups. The participants were explained about the purpose of the study in detail. The questions were carefully studied and the participants marked the corresponding answers. The data were collected and statistically analysed using SPSS software. Results were collected as an ordinal data and reported that smoking and alcohol causes increased dental fear which leads to poor oral health and some anxiety management techniques should be employed by dental practitioners to make the procedures in a simple way. For a satisfactory dental treatment and good oral health status, the state of mind of the patient is very important and it is influenced by many factors, including smoking and alcohol use. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether students are aware that the increased level of dental fear and anxiety is associated with smoking and alcohol use.
Prevalence of full mouth extraction among patients visiting a dental college - A retrospective analysis
Authors: Manya Suresh  , Dhanraj Ganapathy  , Nivethigaa B
Published: January 2021

Extraction of teeth is one of the most common procedures carried out in dental clinics. This study was done to assess the prevalence of full mouth extraction among patients visiting a dental college. A review of the records of patients who had undergone tooth extraction in Saveetha Dental College between June 2019 to March 2020 was retrieved. Data was then analyzed for patients who had undergone full mouth extractions. Data was cross-tabulated based on gender. A total of 4539 patients had undergone extractions. Most of the patients were above the age of 40. There was a slightly higher predilection of males who had undergone extractions compared to females. 2.8% of the population had undergone full mouth extraction. Within the limits of the present study, it can be concluded that the prevalence of full mouth extraction cases in a dental college in Chennai was minimal, with a slightly higher predilection towards males.
Prevalence of Traumatic Dental Injuries among Children less than 12 Years Old
Authors: Anirudh B. V. M.  , Archana Santhanam  , Nivethigaa B
Published: January 2021

Dental trauma or traumatic dental injuries is an emerging dental problem. Several studies showed that the prevalence of dental trauma has increased in the past few decades. Dental trauma can result in fracture, displacement or loss of a tooth. Dental trauma has been seen more in children who are involved in sports. The aim of the current study was to assess the prevalence of traumatic dental injuries among children less than 12 years old. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted where case records were collected and analysed the data of 86000 patients between June 2019 and March 2020 from a private dental institution. The data collected included children below 12 years of age with a history of dental trauma to anterior teeth. The data was tabulated with parameters such as age, gender, fractured tooth, classification of fractured tooth based on ellis classification. Data was imported to SPSS for statistical analysis. Descriptive analysis and chi-square test were used to compare the results. All values were considered statistically significant at P value< 0.005. In this study, boys were more affected (61.5%) with dental trauma compared to girl children. The most common age group involved was 10 to 12 years (66.7%) where the common tooth involved was maxillary central incisors (71.8%), with class 3 being the most common fracture (43.6%). We suggest that educational programs should be organized for the school teachers, children, and parents to improve their knowledge and timely management of dental trauma.
Increase in high-lift devices efficiency of swept wing
Authors: Mikhailov Yu. S.
Published: January 2021

The use of Fowler flaps and slotted slats in sweptwing aircraft is the standard solution to increase wing lift at take off and landing. In the literature this solution is known as a classical option of high-lift system of commercial subsonic aircraft. The results of numerical and experimental studies of some solutions intended to increase the efficiency of classical high-lift devices are presented. The concept of the trailing-edge devices called "the adaptive flap" is considered as a way to improve flap efficiency. The adaptive concept is characterized by the integration of spoiler downward deflection to the Fowler flap function. Integration of the spoiler with a movable flap provided an increase of lift in the linear region due to flaps deflected to a higher angle. The steeper upwash angle at a leading-edge device may be the reason of an early stall of the main wing. To protect the leading edge a slotted Kruger flap with streamline form has been used. Preliminary design of classical and improved high-lift systems included the determination of aerodynamic shapes and the optimized position for the high-lift devices. Aerodynamic analysis and design were carried out using 2D RANS Navier-Stokes method. A comparison of computed results has shown visible aerodynamic advantages of an improved high-lift system for maximum lift coefficient and refining the behavior of stall characteristics at high angles of attack. The results of wind tunnel tests of aircraft model with adaptive flap showed its effectiveness.
Improving the algorithm for determining the areas of operation of long-range aircraft
Authors: Kuts K. A.
Published: January 2021

The determination of operation area from en-route alternates for long-range airline aircraft is an important aspect of ensuring safety of the upcoming flight. In the domestic and foreign methodological literature on flight planning, including the guidance material for flight planning systems, there is no single reasonable algorithm for constructing operation areas of long-range aircraft, including the use of the EDTO-ETOPS rules. The lack of methodological materials leads to the «free» values determination of areas of operation by airlines for their long-range aircraft while building routes, in particular, when determining the areas of operation on the route, the decrease in the aircraft weight during fuel combustion is ignored. A big question is also the «initial» mass calculations to determine the value of operation areas. The article identifies shortcomings of existing algorithm for identifying the areas of operation based on the fundamental methods for determining area of operation. Microsoft Excel 2019 has been used to perform a polynomial approximation of the table-specific function of the dependence of operation radius on the mass of a long-range aircraft. Based on the certain equations, more advanced algorithm to determine areas of operation has been developed. The new algorithm pays special attention to the selection of the original value of operation area. The calculations in this article are made for the Boeing 777 as the main type of long-range aircraft operated by airlines in the Russian Federation. The developed algorithm increases the flexibility of the route by increasing the radius of operation areas from en-route alternates and can be used in flight planning systems of airlines.
Reasons for low patronage of microfinance banks by women entrepreneurs in nigeria
Authors: A.O Ademola , A.E Adegboyegun , B.L.O Kazeem , T.A Akanbi
Published: January 2021

That microfinance banks are established to improve the socio-economic conditions of women especially in rural areas is a well-known fact, however in recent times, women entrepreneurs in Nigeria are no longer patronizing Microfinance banks like before. This calls for a research into factors responsible for low patronage of Microfinance banks by women entrepreneurs in South West Nigeria. The study employed Average Gross Turnover, Factor Analysis, Goodman and Kruskal’s gamma statistics to evaluate the effect of Microfinance banks on performance of women entrepreneurs and to determine the reasons for low patronage of Microfinance banks by women entrepreneurs. The result showed that weak but positive relationship exist between Microfinance banks and performance of women entrepreneurs. It was also observed that harsh loan recovery methods, high interest rates, short repayment periods and high charges imposed on customers are major reasons for low patronage of Microfinance banks by women entrepreneurs in Nigeria. It is recommended that Microfinance banks should reduce their interest rates drastically and lengthen the repayment periods so as to encourage women to patronize them more and to improve their performances.
Combating economic and financial crimes in nigeria: the role of the forensic accountant
Authors: Umanhonlen Felix Ogbeiyulu , J.P Otakefe , Osikhenaogiedu Killian
Published: January 2021

Economic and financial crime has been a clog in the wheel of progressand a majorproblem be devil economic prosperity and growth modelsof most nations of the world. Due to this government in some quarters have had the reason to set upinstitutions to unravel as well asdispels themenace. Despite this,fewer than much success mayhave been achieved by the respective anti-corruption agencies as a result of not identifying with therole of forensic accounting science in planning, investigating and representing expert witness/testimony on be fore law suit. This paper attempts toappraisethe role of forensic accountant in combating economic and financial crimes in Nigeria. The paper explored relevance components of economic and financial crimes and extensively discussed concepts of crime and criminality, corruption, white collar and cybercrimes. Specifically, the study reviews the historical antidotes of forensic accounting, emphasizes on the role of forensic accounting science in litigation and forensic accountantensuring economic and financial crime immersed. Moreso, the study identifies basis for future research, some potential crimes factors and forensic accounting science expert’s opinion in crime scene as well as reviewed prior studies and gap envisaged. Essentially, the study reviewed theoretical issues using qualitative approach thereby involving a survey of literature to decipher relevant issues. It there fore sought that forensic accounting serves the basis for investigation, expert witness testimonyand opinion of expert in lawsuit so as to unravel crimes, and reach resolution for recovering. However, concludes that there is need to involve and embrace accounting expert science in all facets of crime investigation in order to accelerate detections and ameliorate incidences of failed attempt on crime recovery related to economic and financial crimes. Therefore, propose that public and private sectors should engage, recruit and employservices of and/or stationed forensic accountant to review,strengthen, reappraises records and internal control on routine basis. Also to check incidences of crime perception as well as anti-corruption agencies saddled with the responsibilities of fighting economic and financial crimes to employ and adopt engagement of forensic accountant on regular basis among others for all-inclusiveness works of planning, investigating, detecting,and recovering.
Schreiben mit der Hand : Begriffe – Diskurs – Praktiken
Authors: Gredig Andi
Published: January 2021

Why do people still write by hand today? Is typing by hand actually handwriting? And what have signatures got to do with identity? Andi Gredig explores these and many other questions about handwriting from a linguistic and cultural studies perspective. He organizes the complex terminology of writing and script, explores common notions of what handwriting is and can be, and traces current practices of handwriting on the basis of text types such as greeting cards, sketches, and notes. The systematic and precise linguistic analysis of the ideologically contested subject of handwriting reveals some surprising insights. Andi Gredig is a researcher and lecturer at the German Department of the University of Zurich. As a layouter and editor in the linguistics department, he also edits and designs texts in the humanities and deals intensively with typography. In the summer of 2020, he completed his doctorate at the University of Zurich on the topic of handwriting.
后疫情时代，大学生创业如何实现单点破局
Authors: 王 啸然
Published: January 2021

相较于疫情期间，后疫情时代的整体商业结构在供给侧、需求侧及连接方式上都发生了巨大的变化，过去一些高成本的实体经济在疫情过后也呈现出自身的脆弱性，值得关注的是许多企业在遭遇疫情后是不具备反脆弱能力的，而像钉钉、腾讯会议等一系列线上办公软件却在此期间一马当先，成为当今商业市场的焦点，这些在疫情来袭期间不但没有受到影响反而能生存得更好的企业具备了在VUCA时代最重要的一种特性就是反脆弱，而在这些企业成长的初期也遭遇过不被主流市场认可甚至来自企业内部排挤、打压的经历。这些企业是如何生存下来并且成为后起之秀的过程对大学生创业在起步和早期增长阶段具有重要的借鉴和参考价值。
企业并购重组中涉税环节的筹划与启示
Authors: 王 传伟
Published: January 2021

企业通过并购可快速实现企业发展的目标或发挥经营、管理和财务上的协同合作，使企业取得更大的竞争优势。而税收作为宏观经济中影响企业的重要因素，影响着企业的并购成本，有时甚至成为企业并购的直接动机。企业应主动运用税务筹划策略将企业的整个并购过程进行系统性筹划，降低并购成本，实现企业价值的最大化。
企业对费用预算的管控路径探索
Authors: 石 楠
Published: January 2021

预算管理的重点，费用预算的合理规划，能有效地管理销售费用、财务费用、管理费用等，使企业运营成本进一步降低，促进企业可持续发展。论文首先分析了企业费用预算管控的定义和意义，然后讨论企业费用预算管控存在的问题，最后提出几点优化企业费用预算管控的有效路径，希望能为企业加强费用预算管控起到一定的借鉴意义。
建设工程缺陷责任期与保修期制度研究
Authors: 孙 杰
Published: January 2021

论文分析了建设工程缺陷责任期与保修期制度的相关法律规定，重点研究了建设工程缺陷责任期的提出的背景，明确了建设工程缺陷责任期的引入主要是为了解决“保修期”不能准确表达建设工程质量保证金返还期限而创设的一种新制度，对比分析了建设工程缺陷责任期与保修期制度的异同点。
国有企业财务共享服务管理探讨
Authors: 黄 莹 , 唐 莉
Published: January 2021

随着全球信息化的迅猛发展，社会经济发展产业组织面临重塑要求，经济运营模式被迫转型，管理理念的创新由分散转为集中。财务共享服务中心是财务体制改革创新的方向，是大势所趋。论文通过财务共享服务的成因和对国企产生的作用等方面，探讨了国有企业建立财务共享中心的优势，分析了财务共享管理中的问题弊端，明确了财务共享依托信息技术，以财务业务流程为基础，以优化组织结构，规范流程，提升效率，减低运营成本，更好地创造经济价值的关键要素。在经过不断摸索，财务共享管理已形成统一的标准和模式，国有企业在具体构建过程中可根据企业实际情况进行统筹搭建，参入个性化元素设置。
美国量化宽松政策的实施和退出对中国经济的影响
Authors: 张 辑 , 陶 宗霞
Published: January 2021

美联储为纾2008年金融危机之难实施了长达七年的量化宽松政策，让美国经济逐步走出阴霾。中国作为美国最大贸易伙伴和世界第二大经济体，首当其冲地要承受由这一政策释放的大量的流动性通过资产价格、进出口贸易、国际资本流动等渠道产生的强烈的溢出效应。对此，有效的化解途径是采取灵活的货币政策、加强跨境资本流动性监管、推进汇率制度改革、推进人民币资本项目可兑换与人民币国际化。
城乡居民中国国内旅游的潜在消费能力比较
Authors: 陈 志英
Published: January 2021

随着乡村振兴战略的提出和生态旅游的大力倡导，中国国内旅游在近几年得到了快速发展。统计表明，城镇居民的国内旅游消费占据旅游总花费的一半以上，是中国国内旅游行业迅速发展的主力军。结合中国统计局发布的1999-2018年数据，利用最小二乘法（OLS）分别对城镇居民和农村居民的消费水平与中国旅游总花费的回归结果进行分析可知，农村居民的消费能力较低下，但是相较于城镇居民，其旅游消费潜力更大。为了激发农村居民的消费潜力，可以采取完善旅游业配套设施、构建旅游信息网络平台、实施差异化策略和因地制宜开发旅游产品等措施。
在经济双循环背景下探讨享老度假产业——基于退休老年人对乡村民宿的需求分析
Authors: 周 聆灵
Published: January 2021

论文通对中国宁德市中老年人社团等 55 岁中老年人为问卷调查对象，经统计分析各种需求的显著性与入住意愿的影响因素，得出中老年人对移居乡村民宿各项需求，为中老年享老度假休闲养生的居住环境提供参考，从而吸引国际中老年人中长期老消费居住，同时推动了乡村振兴战略中关于大康养产业的发展，最终结果就是推动了中国经济循环。
红色旅游对地方经济增长的影响及发展成效
Authors: 胡 楚芳
Published: January 2021

红色旅游产业是一种新的经济性旅游产业活动。红色旅游产业可以促进经济协调发展，使经济发展与资源整合的相互促进。在一定的经济支持下，拥有红色旅游资源的革命老区可以最大限度地发挥自身优势，推动当地生态建设和环境保护的共同发展，提高服务人员素质，完善交通建设，带动周边的经济发展和社会发展，完善红色旅游经济体系，实现1+1>2的效果。在红色资源中，有意识地融入党史宣传，这样才能增强党史教育的效果，更好地发挥其在红色旅游中的作用。
加强企业财务监督 完善企业财务管理
Authors: 张 琳
Published: January 2021

随着中国经济的快速发展，国家越来越重视企业财务监督管理体制的完善工作。为了进一步提升企业财务管理监督效率，需要根据实际情况创新财务管理标准，及时了解新出台的政府会计制度以及管理细则，构建全面的信息管理体系，提高信息的准确性以及相关性，落实财务会计监督管理制度，做好基础基层财务工作。因此，论文主要针对企业财务监督与财务管理工作进行简要分析，并提出合理化建议。
对部队战士胫骨疲劳性骨折的案例分析
Authors: 马 国强 , 丰 珈如 , 高 金卯 , 张 水宽
Published: January 2021

目的：对某驻地部队展示发生胫骨疲劳性骨折的原因进行分析，并提供可行的预防方案。方法：本研究主要围绕某驻地部队60名相关疾病战士开展，通过分析患病战士的症状，并实地走访了解该驻地训练方式和特点查明导致战士胫骨疲劳性骨折的原因。结果：本次研究中出现胫骨疲劳性骨折的战士年龄在18岁~23岁之间，其中的53名受伤战士都是由于新兵集训期间发生骨折，剩下的7名受伤战士是野外拉练所致。通过对受伤战士患处进行X光线照射后发现均为不同程度的胫骨疲劳性骨折。通过对60名受伤战士采用常规的外敷和理疗等治疗手段后所有战士均恢复健康，并投入到正常的训练和工作中。结论：通过本次研究可以发现，胫骨疲劳性骨折是部队广大官兵中较为常见的一种骨科疾病，主要发病时段是新兵入营开展集训期间，主要原因与部队战士自身的身体素质和高强度的训练有关。因此，采用科学、合理的训练方法，加强对新兵集训期间官兵胫骨保护能有效地降低胫骨由于过度疲劳而造成的骨折发生率。
机械灌注在肝移植中的研究进展
Authors: 朱 广艺 , 孙 煦勇
Published: January 2021

肝移植是治疗终末期肝病最有效的手段。供体器官短缺问题日趋严重，越来越多的扩大标准供体供肝被应用于临床肝移植。随之而来的一系列问题，对器官保存和修复技术提出了更高的要求。机械灌注可修复边缘供肝，减轻缺血-再灌注损伤，促进移植肝功能的恢复，降低术后并发症的风险。一系列临床研究已经初步证明了其安全性和有效性，但要广泛应用于临床，还需面临费用昂贵、操作复杂、灌注参数设置等难题。论文针对应用于肝移植的不同类型机械灌注技术进行综述。
326例肾活检临床病理分析
Authors: 白 云霞 , 蔡 艳 , 张 弦 , 刘 容 , 闫 楠
Published: January 2021

目的：探讨单中心近5年326例肾活检患者肾脏疾病流行病学特点、不同年龄段肾脏疾病构成比的特点。方法：回顾性分析单中心326例行肾活检者的年龄、病理类型及临床表现等相关资料。结果：原发性肾小球疾病占75.12%，继发性肾小球疾病占24.85%。原发性肾小球疾病以IgA肾病最多，占42.33%，其次分别为系膜增生性肾小球肾炎占22.86%和膜性肾病占15.92%；继发性肾小球疾病中以狼疮肾炎多见，占38.27%，其次是糖尿病肾病占23.46%。各年龄段原发性肾小球肾炎和继发性肾小球炎的构成比比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.001）。另外，41.03%的膜性肾病患者年龄位于21~41岁，微小病变好发于21~41岁，而61岁以上患者最常见为LgA肾病。20岁以下最常见的继发性肾小球肾炎为紫癜性肾炎（45.45%），21-41岁最常见的继发性肾小球肾炎是狼疮性肾炎（45.16%）。结论：原发性和继发性肾小球肾炎构成比均随年龄变化，不同年龄肾炎患者构成比各有特点。
口腔内科门诊控制医院感染的措施和方法
Authors: 武 金霞
Published: January 2021

因为口腔内科门诊工作非常独特，再加上所收治的病患人数比较多，这就使口腔内科门诊已经变成医院非常容易出现感染情况的场所，所以应该做好医院口腔内科门诊感染工作的合理控制，保证病患的生命财产安全，这对避免病毒传播起着不可取代的作用。基于此，论文分析了口腔内科门诊控制医院感染的措施和方法，期望经过本研究为未来的有关研究提供相应的参考。
痢疾的辨症论治
Authors: 钟 书荣 , 钟 威 , 夏 茶珍
Published: January 2021

痢疾多发于夏季、秋季，是一种常见肠道传染病。病因多由湿热内侵或食不洁食物，或因热贪凉，过食生冷，以致寒热夹杂，饮食停滞，热郁湿蒸，互阻胃肠，逆发本病。论文对痢疾的中医临床治疗手段进行探讨。
A Morphofunctional Hypothesis for Selection on EDAR V370A and Associated Elements of Sinodonty
Authors: Dudley Robert
Published: January 2021

The phenomenon of sinodonty refers to a suite of dental characters shared between East Asian and Native American populations, and most prominently to the presence of shoveled incisors.  Although this syndrome is a conspicuous aspect of dental differentiation among extant human populations, elements of which have been recent subject of detailed genetic analysis, adaptive consequences of shoveled incisors and related features remains unclear.  Here, I hypothesize that many of the associated differences in dentition (along with reduction in mandibular length and increases in salivary gland branching) arose in parallel with the opportunistic consumption of wild rice and millet in central and northern China, respectively, and with their subsequent domestication in the Upper Paleolithic.  More efficient mastication and digestion of plant grains (and of other starchy foods obtained via broad-spectrum foraging) would potentially have been enabled by these traits, yielding greater rates of nutritional intake as wild crops were progressively domesticated.  This functional hypothesis, although not mutually exclusive relative to other proposed selective factors, matches the estimated timeline in China for both origin and time to fixation of the associated allele (EDAR V370A), and is consistent with chronic energetic gain and fitness benefits independent of any assumptions for concurrent climatic conditions.
The OECD Learning Compass 2030 and the future of disciplinary learning: a Bernsteinian critique
Authors: Hughson Taylor A , Wood Bronwyn
Published: January 2021

No description supplied
COMMUNICATION PRACTICES OF 12-14 YEARS-OLD DIGITAL USERS
Authors: Făt Silvia , Pielescu Inna
Published: January 2021

This study aims to explore the online communication habits and practices of 12-14-year-old 50 students from an urban school. Measuring their answers on the Digital Native Scale of Timothy Teo (DNAS), this study refers to the suggested four-factor by the author, creating a framework for the analysis of their digital native profile: grown up with technology, comfortable with multi-tasking, reliant on graphics for communication, and thrive on instant rewards (Teo, 2013). The results of the study enhance the understanding of digital natives. As we expected, this research shows a high degree of comfort in online communication in their differentiated profile. It is relevant the issue of age when exemplifying digital natives’ skills. Also, it is estimated that there are similar behaviours, related with the debut age of technology use (4-5 years old). The most common actions in virtual space are surfing on the Internet, photographing, communicating, downloading, disseminating, adding to comments on colleagues’ posts. According to this study, the online communication practices of these 12-14-year-old students include in terms of content various symbols, instant bonuses, and feedback elements. From an educational point of view, these can be included in a structured manner of learning. The article proposes, in this view, several ways to integrate usual students’ communication practices in learning activities with the support of digital resources (virtual bulletin boards, online presentations, digital stories so on). The results indicate that students showed the digital native characteristics, that can be successfully used in school.
Dolo: ¿conocimiento y voluntad?
Authors: Moreno Torres Francisco , Naranjo Rivadeneira Gianina
Published: January 2021

El dolo, desde la perspectiva de la doctrina mayoritaria, se compone de dos elementos: uno cognitivo y uno volitivo. Si bien la doctrina afianzada ha desarrollado estos elementos de manera prolija y convincente, los problemas se reflejan en su aplicación en la realidad jurídico-procesal, en donde el elemento subjetivo de la voluntad (el más problemático), parece imposible de probar y, en este contexto, se recurre a soluciones que podrían interpretarse como contradictorias respecto de dicha conceptualización. Así, observamos la utilización de la teoría de la probabilidad, la deducción del elemento volitivo en base al conocimiento de los elementos que hacen típica una conducta o, incluso, la falta de valoración del elemento volitivo en el caso concreto. Ello nos lleva a preguntarnos si es necesaria la voluntad para la fundamentación del dolo o si por el contrario es un criterio doctrinal de imposible aplicación práctica. La respuesta, desde la perspectiva de este artículo, la encontraremos en el desarrollo jurisprudencial y, en cierta medida, en aquella doctrina minoritaria que considera que el elemento volitivo es irrelevante para la configuración del dolo.
ISOLATION OF SPECIFIC BACTERIOPHAGES - PSEUDOMONAS SAVASTANOI PV. GLYCINEA - AND THEIR USE IN SOYBEAN BACTERIAL BLIGHT CONTROL
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, TARAKANOV R.I. , IGNATOV A.N. , DZHALILOV F.S.
Published: January 2021

Bacterial blight is one of most harmful diseases of legumes, reducing the profitability of soybean production in Russian Federation. Among a number of Pseudomonas isolates obtained from diseased seeds and plants of soybean, 4 strains were selected and confirmed as Pseudomonas savastanoipv. glycinea (Psg). Properties of the isolated bacteria were similar to type strain of Psg CFBP 2214 in plant virulence, LOPAT tests, and PCR analysis for coronafacate ligase gene, and partly – in the phage reaction profile. Four isolates of bacteriophages specific to Psg were obtained from soil samples taken from fields with soybean crops. Virulence testing for the bacteriophages showed that bacteriophage ϕG17 infected 4 of 5 tested Psg strains, and it was chosen for further experiments with bacterial blight control. The bacteriophague effect control conducted on soybent plants inoculated by Psg experiments confirmed that 2 treatments of plants by the bacteriophage significantly reduced the disease development. Biological effect of the bacteriophage application was 74.75%, which is very close to the pesticide Strekar in a concentration of 0.5%.
Penjadwalan Produksi Dengan Algoritma Dannenbring dan Branch and Bound pada Produksi Atap Galvalum Di PT NS Bluescope Lysaght Indonesia
Authors: Irsyad Muhammad , Oktiarso Teguh
Published: January 2021

PT NS Bluescope Lysaght Indonesia memiliki permasalahan yaitu masih terjadi keterlambatan dalam menyelesaikan pemesanan untuk memenuhi permintaan konsumen. Maka dari itu, diperlukannya penjadwalan yang paling optimal digunakan sebagai urutan proses produksi, sehingga dapat mengurangi resiko keterlambatan penyelesaian produk pesanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan hasil terbaik dengan nilai makespan terkecil dari hasil urutan menggunakan metode Branch and Bound dan Dannenbring, sehingga dapat menentukan metode terbaik diantara kedua metode dan dapat diterapkan di PT NS Bluescope Lysaght Indonesia. Pengolahan berawal dari data yang telah diuji keseragaman dan uji kecukupan data serta performance rating untuk mendapatkan waktu standar sebagai dasar, yang selanjutnya dihitung menggunakan metode Branch and Bound dan Dannenbring. Berdasarkan penjadwalan yang telah dilakukan dengan metode Branch and Bound menghasilkan nilai makespan yang lebih kecil dari pada metode Dannenbring sebesar 639,580 detik dengan urutan proses 1-4-3-2. Metode ini, mampu mengurangi makespan 80,420 detik atau mampu mengurangi 11,169% dari kondisi awal. Dengan demikian metode ini dapat diterapkan oleh PT NS Bluescope Lysaght Indonesia untuk menyusun penjadwalan produksinya pada pembuatan galvalum jenis Krip-Lok, Trimdek Optima, Spandek, dan Smartdek dan dapat diterapkan juga menyusun penjadwalan produksi pada jenis produk yang lain untuk mengurangi waktu produksi.

Kata kunci: branch and bound; dannenbring; flow shop; penjadwalan produksi
Penjadwalan Produk Menggunakan Teknik Enumerasi
Authors: Febianti Evi , Muharni Yusraini , Azhary M Naufal
Published: January 2021

Penjadwalan produksi merupakan penentuan aliran produksi agar sesuai dengan waktu yang ditentukan. Unit CRM  PT XYZ menjadwalkan kegiatan produksi menggunakan aturan First Come First Served (FCFS). Perusahaan harus tepat waktu dalam untuk memenuhi permintaan  konsumen. Jika perusahaan terlambat dalam pengiriman, maka dikenakan penalti atau biaya keterlambatan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui job mana yang dilakukan terlebih dahulu untuk menghasilkan nilai makespan dan waktu alirrata-rata yang terkecil. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Heuristic, yaitu Campbell, Dudek and Smith (CDS), Algoritma Pour Heuristik, dan Teknik Enumerasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penjadwalan menggunakan metode Campbell, Dudek dan Smith (CDS) menghasilkan makespan 339,16 jam dan waktu alir rata-rata 246,10 jam, Heuristic Pour Algorithm menghasilkan makepan 339,16 jam dan waktu alir rata-rata 237, 25 jam dan Teknik Enumerasi menghasilkan makespan 339,16 jam dan waktu alir rata-rata 230,19 jam. Metode yang dipilih adalah metode Teknik Enumerasi karena menghasilkan makespan dan waktu alir rata-rata terkecil.

Kata kunci : CDS, Teknik Enumerasi, Makespan, Heuristik Pour, Penjadwalan
Extra-synovial Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the knee joint, Case Repor
Authors:   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Sulaimaniya, Iraq.
Published: January 2021

Background: PVNS is a rare, benign & aggressive disorder arising from either synovial joints or tendon sheaths; it may erode articular structures and bones. We present a case with unique features of PVNS being extra-synovial and by this report we open a gate for more researches in this field. Case Presentation: This case report concerns a 35-year-old female with a history of right knee pain for 6-month duration proceeded by gradual swelling over posterior aspect of the knee, she denies any history of trauma, clinical examination was unremarkable but apart from tenderness over the infrapatellar region with full flexion. MRI shows a heterogenous signal extra-articular and extra-synovial lesion in posterior aspect of the knee suggesting Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis, FNA revealed a hemosiderin-laden macrophages and multinucleated giant cells, Tru-cut biopsy result was suggesting PVNS as synovial cells were seen admixed with hemosiderin-laden macrophages with fibroblastic elements. Through posterior approach; the lesion was surgically excised and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis, the lesion was recurrent after 1-year and MRI revealed the same features, the lesion was excised by arthroscopic intervention. Conclusion: We concluded that PVNS cannot be excluded when extra-synovial lesion is assessed, and further researches on this topic will expand our understanding of the etiological and pathological aspects of this tumor.
A SonarQube Static Analysis of the Spectral Workbench
Authors:   1Harrisburg University of Science and Technology, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States. 2University of Maryland Global Campus, Adelphi, Maryland, United States. 3Texas A&M Texarkana, Texarkana, Texas, United States.
Published: January 2021

The Spectral Workbench is an open-source, community driven software suite to obtain and disseminate spectral data. It consists of a client application that collects spectral readings and a server application that is an online database of spectral data. It is difficult to detect software defects in the Spectral Workbench application. A static analysis tool, SonarQube, was selected to find these defects. Numerous defects were detected and documented. SonarQube will increase the reliability of the Spectral Workbench, which provides numerous benefits including increased confidence in its data and effectiveness which will drive additional number of users for spectral repository data collection.
Predictive Value of Heart Rate Measures on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Critical Review of Select Recent Studies
Authors:   School of Psychology, Fielding Graduate University, 2020 De La Vina St, Santa Barbara, CA 93105
Published: January 2021

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by maladaptive psychophysiological changes, such as a reduced vagal tone and hyperarousal, indicating autonomic nervous system dysfunction. In particular, physiological measures of heart rate, and heart rate variability (HRV) have been linked with PTSD expression, indicating that these measures may have diagnostic value. It remains unclear, however, whether altered heart rate and HRV contribute to the risk of PTSD development. This paper provides an overview of the present understanding of psychophysiological factors that may causally contribute to the manifestation of PTSD. The predictive value of heart rate and HRV measures are evaluated. The following sources of evidence are critically reviewed: relationships between momentary HRV components and PTSD symptom severity, predictions of PTSD development from post-trauma heart rate, and predictions of PTSD development from pre-trauma HRV. Available data challenge preliminary findings that abnormalities in heart rate and HRV currently offer reliable insight into PTSD development, but suggest that with additional research, there is a promising role for physiological biomarkers of autonomic dysregulation in risk prediction of future psychopathology.
Medial tibial stress syndrome: The relationship between gender and lower-extremity functional performance among collegiate track and field athletes
Authors:   Ohio Wesleyan University.
Published: January 2021

Medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) is a common lower extremity injury in track and field athletes. Many risk factors are associated with MTSS, and lower extremity performance may become altered in athletes suffering from prior symptoms, potentially increasing risk of future injury. The purpose of this study was to first examine the effect a prior history of MTSS has on lower-extremity measures, per gender, in collegiate level track and field athletes, and then determine if such measures predict future injury. Fifty-three healthy Division III collegiate track and field athletes (mean age = 19.40 ± 1.13 years) completed an injury history questionnaire along with five preseason lower-extremity functional tests including: ankle dorsiflexion (DF), single-leg anterior reach (SLAR), two timed single-leg balance (SLBAL) tests on a force plate, and single-leg hop for distance (SLH). Performance data were compared across gender and questionnaire data regarding injury history and occurrence of MTSS. Fifteen subjects (28%) reported previous MTSS symptoms within the last 2 years. Chi-square analyses revealed females experienced more diagnoses compared to males (p = .03). Independent t-tests revealed differences between gender on all SLBAL tests, as males performed better on all recorded measures (p < .001 – p = .003). No significant differences were noted in lower-extremity performance tests between subjects with and without prior MTSS injuries. Regression analyses using postseason injury questionnaire data revealed prior MTSS injuries had 17.3 higher odds of experiencing MTSS during the season (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 17.33, 95% CI: 3.5 – 86.4; p = .001).
Geographic information analysis of seasonal works and local migrations of peasants in the Vologda district during the post-reform period
Authors:   Vologda State University, Samoilov D.
Published: January 2021

The paper deals with seasonal work and local migrations of Vologda uyezd peasants after the abolition of serfdom in Russia. It has been found that traditional explanation which claims agricultural crisis as main reason of peasants leaving their villages for seasonal work was not confirmed by the information from local documents. The research is based on GIS displaying demographic change and migration activities in every village of Vologda uyezd in 1859–1914.
Methodology for the formation of atlases from archival and modern maps
Authors:   RGO, Shchekotilov V. , Lazarev O. ,   Tver State Technical University
Published: January 2021

The method of creating a series of atlases is proposed for use in the analysis of a multi-sheet standing plan of 1865. Taking into account the mas-headquarters of the basic cartographic work, the atlases additionally use a military-topographic map of 1942 and a topographic map of the beginning of the XXI century. The method is based on the formation of maps in the format of Google Map, the creation of a vector map of pages and the use of the program SAS.Planet.
Web Analytics as a tool for analyzing a network resource with a variety of sources on the archaeological research materials
Authors:   State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Hookk D.
Published: January 2021

Despite the already introduced concept of Webometrics, the visitors counter has considered as a main indicator of the effectiveness of the museum open sources. The article presents the statistical data and observations made during the work on the start-up project “Digital Encyclopedia of the Hermitage. Vol. 1. Archaeology”, as well as during the COVID-19 quarantine period, when communication with virtual visitors became a priority in museums.
Museum digital collections and the Open Museum project
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Kizhner I. , Lapteva M. ,   Siberian Federal University
Published: January 2021

The problem of access to closed museum collections in the digital space is considered. The main content of the article is a description of the concept of the “Open Museum” and also noted the importance of using open licenses that exist in order to provide the possibility of multiple use of images of collections. A method of providing access to cultural content is described on the example of the implementation of a series of publications by the Department of Information Technologies in creative and cultural industries together with the Publishing House of the Siberian Federal University in order to develop the cultural canon and popularize digital museum content.
Information Technologies in the Training of Historians-Archivists at the Faculty of History of BSU: Achievements and Problems
Authors:   Belorussian State University, Minsk, Lipnitskaya O. , Popova E. ,   Belorussian State University, Minsk
Published: January 2021

The article examines the problems of training historians-archivists in the context of the transition to the digital economy. There is a sharp decline in professional educational programs, which does not meet the requirements of employers and modern trends in the economy. The need is declared for specialists in the field of documentation and archival studies to possess knowledge and skills in the field of information technology, as well as the availability of labor functions for the design and operation of information systems in the professional sphere
Experience in electronic support of academic subjects at the Department of Russian history of the Belarusian state University
Authors:   Belarusian state University, Minsk, Sergeenkova V. , Вalykina E. ,   Republican Institute of higher education, Minsk
Published: January 2021

The article analyzes the experience of using electronic learning tools for academic disciplines at the Department of Russian history of BSU.
To Use or Not to Use?: A Mixed Methods Study on Predictors and Barriers of Condom Use Among College Students
Authors: Pysmenna Olga , Korotchenko Stan , Hou Su-I
Published: January 2021

Unprotected anal sex is one of the highest-risk sexual behaviors associated with high rates of STIs. College students often engage in sexual risky behaviors without consistently using condoms. This study examined predictors of condom use among students who engaged in anal sex (n = 242) at an American Southeastern university. Using a convergent research design, researchers used both quantitative and qualitative data to answer the research question. The quantitative data showed that partner communication and gender were statistically significant predictors of condom use. Qualitative results indicated the importance of communication between partners and knowledge of a partner’s HIV status. Qualitative data also revealed that experiential attitudes are an important factor of condom non-use in anal sex. Merged results illustrated that students tend not to use condoms during anal sex overall and the importance of communication between partners.
Psychometrics, Rhetoric, Narrative in Media Psycholinguistics
Authors: Karpenko Zinoviia
Published: January 2021

The paper is focused on the critical exploration of an experiment held in the Ukrainian media environment. Results of the experiment are reflected in the book Freedom of Speech Against Fear and Humiliation ... published by Savik Shuster, the Ukrainian political journalist and the Freedom of Speech TV talk show host. The study aims to define factors and predictors of the Ukrainian audience’s social behavior. In this regard, narrative, conversational, and intent analyses of his talk shows participants’ conflict interaction described in the book, were applied. These tools made it possible to explicate his narratives’ main topics, their prominence, role positions, archetypal patterns of the participant and host’s behavior. The narrative structure of “negative” scenarios of the talk shows described in the book enabled defining the host as the encourager of the speakers’ conflict behavior, high tension of their discourse that leads to deconstructing, discrediting, and demonizing the opponent’s political party image. Although S. Schuster's conclusions were full of dramatic statements and almost apocalyptic predictions, their reinterpretation was necessary. The application of F-test as a measure of testing statistical hypotheses relevant to empirical data, allowed to search for additional political and psychological explanatory models of the “emotional map of Ukraine”. Results of the study demonstrate hidden suggestion of hopelessness, feelings of betrayal, inspiration of protest moods,inspired by the speakers invited to the TV show. This adversely affects the critical understanding of current social processes along with radicalization of public sentiment by shifting the locus of control to the outside, when the audience invited to the show delegates responsibility for the state of affairs in the country and their own well-being to their political leaders.
A Psycholinguistic Analysis of the First Ukrainian Syllabi on General and Special Methodology of Translation by Mykhailo Kalynovych and Mykola Zerov
Authors: Kolomiyets Lada
Published: January 2021

The article studies and discusses the programs of interrelated lecture courses on General and Special Methodology of Translation, developed for the Ukrainian Institute of Linguistic Education by its professors Mykhailo Kalynovych and Mykola Zerov in September 1932. This material is analyzed from the perspective of psycholinguistic text theory, according to which the text is the basic unit of discourse that, in turn, is a component of communicative action, along with the situation. The study focuses on the micro- and macrotext structure of the above programs and highlights the peculiarities of their communicative intentions in the political and social reality of early Stalinism. It features the unique, innovative elements in them, but also those that were typical of the early Soviet theory of translation. For the first time not only in Ukrainian but also in the All-Union thought on translation, Kalynovych and Zerov presented in their integrated courses the ramified structure of Translation Studies as a multifaceted discipline. They introduced into the discipline novel methodology and new research directions, particularly by creating such areas as the history of translation studies and translation management. The material of Zerov's syllabus on Special Methodology of Translation is first published and discussed in this article. The typewritten text of the syllabus remained unknown until the author of the article found and identified it in the Archives of the Literary Museum of Hryhoriy Kochur, who had been a student of Zerov at the Kyiv Institute of Public Education and further remained his faithful follower. During the Khrushchev thaw, Kochur made many efforts to rehabilitate the name of Zerov – a distinguished literary scholar, lecturer, and poet-translator. The syllabus on General Methodology of Translation outlined by professor Kalynovych was found earlier in the same Archives and published in 2015. However, this article pioneers its presentation and analysis in mutual complementarity with the syllabus by Zerov.
CASE STUDY ON FAMILY MANAGED BUSINESS: WHEN & WHY JOIN FAMILY BUSINESS?
Authors: Merchant Parimal
Published: January 2021

Pramod, a self-made businessman is facing challenges in inducting his son Tarun in the business. Initially, the son has serious reservations about the business and does not want to join. But after failure in his own initiatives, eventually he reluctantly joins the family business. Over the years the business has doubled but profitability has declined. The relation between father and son were strained and it deteriorated further. Personally both of them are unhappy.