bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An update on the role of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis
Authors: Wu Xinhui , Fang Xiaoxin , Lu Feng , Chen Qiong , Liu Junjian , Zheng Longpo
Published: August 2024

Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death, distinguished from apoptosis, autophagy, and programmed necrosis and has received much attention since it was defined in 2012.

Ferroptotic cells physiologically exhibit iron metabolism dysregulation, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation. Morphologically, they show plasma membrane disruption, cytoplasmic swelling, and mitochondrial condensation.

Osteoporosis is taken more and more seriously as the proportion of the aging population continues to increase globally. Interestingly, ferroptosis has been demonstrated to be involved in the development and progression of osteoporosis in many extant studies.

The review summarizes iron metabolism, lipid peroxidation, and the different regulatory signals in ferroptosis. Changes in signaling mechanisms within osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes after ferroptosis occur are explained here.

Studies showed ferroptosis play an important role in different osteoporosis models (diabetes osteoporosis, postmenopausal osteoporosis, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis). Inhibitors and EC (Exos) targeting ferroptosis could ameliorate bone loss in osteoporotic mice by protecting cells against lipid peroxidation. Shortly, we hope that more effective and appropriate clinical therapy means will be utilized in the treatment of osteoporosis.
Los lenguajes de la violencia en Cárcel de árboles de Rodrigo Rey Rosa
Authors: Bertón Sonia
Published: August 2024

Cárcel de árboles (1991) tells the story of the experiment that Dr. Pelcari performs on a group of prisoners, in the Guatemalan jungle, and for which she subjects men to brain surgeries that strip them of their ability to speak and think. In this nouvelle, the body as text, writing and orality are established as marks of a multiple language that seeks to metaphorize the violent history of Guatemala. I am interested in analyzing and explaining the problem of the representation of vio-lence in literature in connection with these multiple forms of language present in the nouvelle.
Sustainability as a driver in US and EU in paper and nonwoven sectors
Authors: Nikinmaa Miika , Pal Lokendra , Hubbe Martin A.
Published: August 2024

The US and the EU have adopted contrasting pathways in their pursuit of increased sustainability. This editorial highlights such contrasts with respect to paper and nonwovens products. The American way, at least at the federal level, depends on consumer input, which can have an impact on corporate decisions and practices. Progress with respect to sustainability in the European Union has a higher reliance upon regulations. Each approach has merits as well as deficiencies. A regulation-dependent approach sometimes just moves problems to other parts of the world. A consumer-driven approach does not have a good way to deal with a need for systematic change, such as systems to recycle textile and nonwoven materials. It follows that a combined approach, involving both consumer demand and regulations, can be recommended as a most effective path forward. In addition, applications of artificial intelligence have potential to reconcile societal needs with future industrial practices.
Adopción de billeteras digitales como determinante de la inclusión financiera en comerciantes ambulantes en Cusco
Authors: Cruz Hermoza Alfredo
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: Medir a influência da adoção de carteiras digitais na inclusão financeira dos comerciantes ambulantes em Cusco. Métodos: Foi desenvolvido com base em método de abordagem quantitativa, escopo explicativo de natureza prospetiva e analítica, delineamento não experimental e corte transversal. As informações foram coletadas por meio da pesquisa como técnica e do questionário como instrumento, os quais foram aplicados a 242 participantes. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de modelo de regressão linear. Resultados: Foi determinado que a adoção de carteiras digitais tem uma influência significativa e positiva na inclusão financeira (β = 1.938, p < 0.05), além disso, o grau de determinação foi ótimo (R2 = 99 %). Quanto às dimensões da inclusão financeira, constatou-se que foram influenciadas pela adoção de carteiras digitais de forma significativa e positiva (p < 0.05). Conclusão: A adoção de carteiras digitais tem uma influência significativa e positiva na inclusão financeira, portanto, o acesso ao sistema financeiro para setores marginalizados requer a participação conjunta entre entidades financeiras e o Governo para propor políticas e direcionar a inclusão financeira.
Representações de estudantes universitários portugueses sobre atitudes na prática pedagógica
Authors: Oliveira Marcus solon Sa
Published: August 2024

As atitudes docentes na relação educativa podem contribuir ou dificultar a aprendizagem dos estudantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender a estrutura das representações ao termo atitudes na prática docente e estudar as diferenças dos sentidos dados entre os estudantes investigados. A pesquisa, de delineamento qualitativo, realizada em maio de 2023, em uma universidade pública portuguesa, com 111 estudantes (37 de Ciências da Educação, 25 de Psicologia, 49 de Engenharia Civil), fez uso da técnica de associação livre de palavras. Os resultados revelam, através do núcleo central, que as representações dos estudantes sobre a prática docente são positivas e estabelecidas no diálogo, respeito, profissionalismo e empatia. Foram encontradas no sistema periférico representações negativas (distanciamento, hipocrisia e sem prática) e representações positivas no 4º quadrante (tolerância, trabalho em equipa, honestidade), o que leva à conclusão de que essas representações divergentes propõem aos docentes universitários uma contínua reflexão sobre suas práticas pedagógicas, estabelecidas sobre uma relação educativa que influencie positivamente no processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Restoration of Semantic-Based Super-Resolution Aerial Images
Authors: Favorskaya Margarita , Pakhirka Andrey
Published: August 2024

Currently, technologies for remote sensing image processing are actively developing, including both satellite images and aerial images obtained from video cameras of unmanned aerial vehicles. Often such images have artifacts such as low resolution, blurred image fragments, noise, etc. One way to overcome such limitations is to use modern technologies to restore super-resolution images based on deep learning methods. The specificity of aerial images is the presentation of texture and structural elements in a higher resolution than in satellite images, which objectively contributes to better results of restoration. The article provides a classification of super-resolution methods based on the main architectures of deep neural networks, namely convolutional neural networks, visual transformers and generative adversarial networks. The article proposes a method for reconstructing super-resolution aerial images SemESRGAN taking into account semantic features by using an additional deep network for semantic segmentation during the training stage. The total loss function, including adversarial losses, pixel-level losses, and perception losses (feature similarity), is minimized. Six annotated aerial and satellite image datasets CLCD, DOTA, LEVIR-CD, UAVid, AAD, and AID were used for the experiments. The results of image restoration using the proposed SemESRGAN method were compared with the basic architectures of convolutional neural networks, visual transformers and generative adversarial networks. Comparative results of image restoration were obtained using objective metrics PSNR and SSIM, which made it possible to evaluate the quality of restoration using various deep network models.
Designing with Digital Technologies: The Influence of a Professional Development Program on Teachers’ Beliefs
Authors: Bassi Caterina , Brunetto Domenico , Iacono Umberto Dello
Published: August 2024

The present study, carried out in the context of a Teacher Professional Development (TPD) Program on mathematical modelling and digital technologies, focuses on how Italian mathematics teachers refer to digital technologies in designing their lessons and investigates to what extent the TPD program impacted the way by which teachers design their lessons using technologies. To this end, teachers’ lesson plans in two different moments of the TPD program have been analysed using the TPACK model. The data shows that at the beginning of the TPD program, teachers used to design their lessons without referring to pedagogical aspects. This leads to argue that a teachers’ belief seems t o emerge, namely that knowing the features of digital technologies is sufficient to design teaching activities with technology in relation to specific mathematical contents. However, the TPD program appears to have had a positive impact on teachers’ knowledge because, at the end of the program, they refer to a greater extent to pedagogical aspects (TPK and TPACK) in their design.
Comparative Study on Maximal Oxygen Consumption Capacity and 30-minute Recovery in Korean Male College Students by Body Mass Index Level: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hyeon Jin-Yeong , Han Seong-Min , Heo Eun-Kyoung , So Wi-Young
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVES Obese people have lower cardiorespiratory fitness and lower maximum oxygen intake during exercise than the healthy population; however, no research has examined the differences between the healthy and obese groups in the recovery period immediately after maximum capacity exercise. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the differences in maximal oxygen consumption, respiratory quotient, ventilatory threshold, heart rate, and energy expenditure according to recovery time for 30 min immediately after measuring maximum capacity exercise based on body mass index (BMI), and to determine the difference in recovery ability between healthy and obese groups.METHODS This study included 24 male college students from K University in Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea, in April 2024. Participants with a body mass index less than 25 kg/m2 were classified into the healthy group (n=14), and those with a body mass index of 25 kg/m2 or higher were classified into the obese group (n=10). After the graded exercise test (maximum capacity exercise), maximal oxygen consumption, respiratory quotient, ventilatory threshold, heart rate, and energy expenditure were measured in real time for a total of 30 minutes in 5-minute increments, including the VO2 max reach time (recovery 0 min). An independent t-test was performed to determine the differences between groups, and the significance level was set at p<0.05.RESULTS There was a significant difference in the maximum oxygen intake at 5, 10, and 15 min during the recovery period (p<0.05); however, there was no statistically significant difference between the healthy and obese groups at the time of reaching maximum capacity (recovery 0 min) and at 20, 25, and 30 min (p>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the respiratory quotient, ventilatory threshold, or energy consumption between the healthy and obese groups at any time point (p>0.05). Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference in heart rate between the healthy and obese groups at any time point (p>0.05), except for a significant difference (p<0.05) at the 5-minute recovery time period.CONCLUSIONS Given that the male college students in their 20s are the most physiologically active in their lives, there was little statistical difference in the physical recovery ability between the healthy and obese groups. A more detailed investigation using participants of various ages, including different disease groups, is needed in the future.
Effects of Online-based Exercise on Body Composition and Muscular Function during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lee Juseong , Park Jooeun , Kim Hyunmin , Lee Geon Woo , Kim Junghoon
Published: August 2024

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of online-based and non-face-to-face exercise on body composition and muscular function in physically inactive females during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.METHODS This study included 21 physically inactive women with a mean age of 40.57 years. All participants engaged in 10 weeks (three times per week) of online-based and non-face-to-face exercise during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Zoom application, an online communication platform. The mean attendance rate for the 30 sessions of the exercise program was 97.6%. We used a computer tomography scan to assess the cross-sectional area of visceral fat and thigh muscles. In addition, we evaluated the muscular function by measuring the isokinetic peak torque of the knee joint at three angular velocities (60°/s, 90°/s, and 180°/s), as well as lower-limb proprioception (joint position and force senses in the knee joint).RESULTS After 10 weeks of online-based exercise, the visceral fat area significantly decreased (-3.1%, p=0.03), while thigh muscles increased (+2.0%, p=0.001). Isokinetic peak torque increased significantly at 60°/s (flexion: +9.2% and extension: +13.7%) and 180°/s (flexion: +12.0% and extension: +12.3%). Similar results were obtained regarding body weight (p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively). A significant improvement of up to 42% was obtained for joint position and force senses (p<0.01 and p<0.05).CONCLUSIONS This study showed a decrease in visceral fat area and an increase in muscle area, as well as improved muscular function, including isokinetic peak torque in the knee joint and lower body proprioception, in physically inactive women following online-based exercise. Online-based and nonface-to-face exercise can be a suitable alternative to improve body composition and muscular function for physically inactive individuals, even post-pandemic.
Considering the issue of effective organization of archival document digitization for cadastral services
Authors: Bublik Denis
Published: August 2024

In the article, the author studies the theoretical foundations of document digitization: the key tasks of document management related to document digitization are identified; the technologies of document digitization and text recognition are considered; a comparative analysis of modern solutions for document digitization is carried out. Based on the results of the author’s work, it can be concluded that the technologies of document digitization and text recognition play a key role in the organization of modern document management, which is basically electronic. A key component of document digitization technologies is an optical character recognition system; at the same time, each of the products using this system has its own advantages, and there is no universal solution for choosing a specific program. As a result of the investment analysis carried out by the author for the department of digitization of archival documents of the State Budget Institution of Geological Control of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, the effectiveness of the organization of digitization of the cadastral database was substantiated. As part of the project on digitization of archival documents for cadastral services, three new products were purchased (a planetary professional scanner; a sheetfed professional scanner, and a large-format professional scanner), the use of which demonstrated a significant increase in the speed of business operations conducted by employees: most business tasks were solved by employees within the first five days. Thus, the conducted empirical research shows that the sum of discounted values of the payment flow given to date within the framework of the project amounted to 37,249 thousand rubles, which is a positive result for the investment project. The internal rate of return of the project is 22,1 %, and the discounted payback period is 10 working weeks.
Impact assessment of Guinea mining on air pollution in bauxite mining
Authors: Belyakova Olʹga , Yushin Vasily , Barkov Aleksei , Kurasova Ulia
Published: August 2024

Conducted studies were aimed at assessing the degree of air pollution during the extraction of bauxite in Boke region (Guinea). The impact of mining industry on air pollution during the extraction of bauxite and the impact of pollution on population health was studied. It has been shown that air pollution from mining and processing of minerals can affect the quality of local and regional air. It has been found that most of the air pollution problems during the operation of bauxite are associated with the emission of dust particles.
Regularities of solid pollutants distribution in Boke region were analyzed. The most polluted areas in the places of production and grinding, in ports and on roads leading to the places of production were identified.
The difference in the intensity of contamination with fine and coarse-personal solid particles was revealed. It is determined that the concentration of fine particulate matters generally does not exceed or slightly exceeds permissible limits (not more than twice). At the same time, the concentration of coarse particulate matters in all areas significantly exceeds permissible norms: as a rule, in 5–10 times, and in some cases in 30 and 50 times.
There are recommendations and proposed measures to reduce air pollution during the extraction of bauxite. These recommendations can be the basis for the development of guidelines to reduce air pollution and negative impact of mining industry on the environment.
Features of soil contamination of the industrial site of the former battery plant «Vostsibelement» with heavy metals
Authors: Bogdanov Andrei , Shatrova Anastasiya , Shkrabo Anna , Konovalov Nikolai
Published: August 2024

The article presents research to assess the contamination of heavy metals in the soils of the industrial site of the former battery plant «Vostsibelement», located in the municipal formation «city of Svirsk» of the Irkutsk region. Currently, the industrial site with an area of 33 hectares contains the ruins of workshops and construction waste, technogenic soil contaminated with heavy metals, as well as waste of unknown origin that pollutes the environment. In soil samples taken at the industrial site, an excess of approximately permissible concentrations of gross forms of metals was recorded for lead up to 862 times, for zinc up to 42 times, for copper up to 24 times, for nickel up to 2,8 times and for arsenic up to 52 times, and the maximum — permissible concentrations for mercury up to 3,2 times, for manganese up to 3 times. Based on the results of quantitative chemical analysis of soil samples, the authors calculated correlation coefficients using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. The greatest correlations were established between mercury and zinc (0,78), lead and manganese (0,76), copper and manganese (0,75), zinc and manganese (0,72), lead and zinc (0,71), zinc and copper (0,68) and lead and copper (0,65), while the obtained values indicate their high degree of close connection. Based on the results obtained of the redistribution of heavy metals in the studied soils and the presence of anomalous zones of contamination of the industrial site, the authors proposed two complementary technical solutions for its reclamation. The first technical solution is to regulate the mobility of heavy metals in moderately contaminated soils of an industrial site through the use of sorbent soil from frozen colloidal sludge-lignin sediment. The second technical solution is the reclamation of technogenic soils with abnormal content of heavy metals through the recovery of metal lead by air separation.
Automation of air heating systems of buildings
Authors: Shilkina Svetlana , Ivanova Olga
Published: August 2024

For Russia, with its relatively long and cold winter, an important role is played by energy-efficient systems for the production of thermal energy, methods of its transportation with minimal losses and technologies of economical consumption. The main consumers of heat in the housing and communal complex and urban construction sector are residential, public buildings, civil, industrial and industrial facilities. Energy saving in buildings is directly related to the introduction of energy-efficient heat supply systems. At the same time, an important role is given to automation of systems, since it allows not only to increase the efficiency of heating systems, to control the most important parameters of the microclimate, such as temperature, humidity, CO2 content, to increase comfort for users, but also to reduce the cost of electrical and thermal energy, to improve the environment. Automation of the air heating system involves the use of various means of automatic control and management: sensors, controllers and others. The installation can be controlled automatically without direct human intervention. The introduction of such systems makes it possible to reduce the number of unforeseen emergencies, monitor the course of all processes in real time, optimize the operation of equipment and increase the energy efficiency of the installation. In addition, automated building engineering systems can be easily integrated into the building's automated control system, and this is another step towards the digital transformation of the city's economy, saving resources, and the transition from a «smart» home to a «smart» city. The article provides an overview of technological and technical solutions, discusses technologies and means of automation of heating systems. The authors of this material present the results of a SWOT analysis of factors for the automation system of the heating process of buildings, give recommendations on the use of air heating technology, substantiate the introduction of an automated thermal process control system. This article is part of the authors' research in the field of automation of heat supply systems, ventilation and air conditioning of buildings, the collected material is planned to be presented in the master's thesis.
Prospects for the export of Russian organic products to foreign markets under sanctions
Authors: Rybakov Vitaly , Morkovkin Dmitry , Mamedov Tural , Zvereva Alexandra
Published: August 2024

The authors of the publication analyze the prospects for the supply of Russian agricultural organic products to foreign markets under sanctions. The work examines global trends in the organic segment of the agro-industrial complex, the place and role of the Russian Federation in the production and supply of organic products of plant origin to the world market. It has been established that despite the presence of demand and economic feasibility of expanding the supply of Russian organic agricultural products to foreign markets, due to regulatory problems and lack of proper attention to this topic from relevant services, Russian producers miss opportunities to export their products to foreign markets, including and unfriendly states. It is necessary to simplify the phytosanitary control procedure at the legislative level, taking into account the requirements of foreign importers of Russian organic products. According to the authors, it seems appropriate to make changes to the regulatory and legislative acts of the Russian Federation to establish a list and norms for the use of drugs that are permitted for use in the production and processing of organic products and minimize the risk of refusal to obtain and apply an organic product certificate by Russian producers in foreign countries — buyers. Simply expanding the list of fumigation agents, which theoretically does not deprive processed agricultural products of organic properties, does not solve all the problems of exporters of organic products. The formic acid-based fumigant currently proposed by Rosselkhoznadzor is not registered as an approved fumigant and is undergoing a series of tests. The cost of using this prototype of a safe fumigant for domestic consumers has not yet been determined, therefore, to calculate the final price of exported Russian organic products, and therefore determine the economic feasibility of use a fumigant based on formic acid when disinfecting exported organic agricultural products is not possible.
Brecha Digital en Bamako/ Mali: Obstáculos y Estrategias para una Inclusión Tecnológica Equitativa
Authors: Mounkoro Ismaila
Published: August 2024

Este estudio aborda la brecha digital en Mali, África, destacando las disparidades en el acceso a la tecnología y los obstáculos que perpetúan esta brecha. En la sociedad del conocimiento, el acceso a las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) es fundamental para el desarrollo personal y profesional. Sin embargo, existen desigualdades significativas que limitan estas oportunidades, perpetuando las disparidades socioeconómicas, educativas y geográficas.Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra del estudio incluyó a 100 personas de diversas regiones y niveles socioeconómicos de Bamako, Mali. Los datos se recopilaron mediante encuestas estructuradas y fueron analizados mediante técnicas estadísticas descriptivas y análisis de regresión.Los resultados revelan que el costo de los dispositivos y la conexión a Internet son las principales barreras, seguidas por la falta de habilidades digitales y la infraestructura deficiente. Las medidas más efectivas propuestas incluyen subsidios gubernamentales para dispositivos tecnológicos, programas de capacitación en competencias digitales y mejoras en la infraestructura de Internet.La percepción general de las políticas actuales es negativa, lo que sugiere la necesidad de revisar y fortalecer las estrategias existentes para abordar la brecha digital. Mitigar estas disparidades es crucial para garantizar una educación inclusiva y equitativa y para promover la participación plena en la sociedad del conocimiento.
A New Species of Tigridia and Species Richness and Endemism Distribution of the Tribe Tigridieae (Iridaceae) in the Sierra Madre Del Sur, Mexico
Authors: Rodríguez Aarón , López-Pérez Jorge David , Munguía-Lino Guadalupe
Published: August 2024

Abstract— The Sierra Madre del Sur (SMS) biogeographic province parallels the Pacific Ocean from the state of Jalisco to Oaxaca and Puebla. The area is very complex tectonically and geologically and harbors the highest number of vascular and endemic plant species in
Mexico. Here, we describe Tigridia nana as a new species in this province. Furthermore, during the revision of herbaria and digital collections, we created a database to provide a biogeographical analysis of Tigridieae in the SMS. Morphologically, T. nana pertains
to Tigridia subgenus Tigridia. The nectary has secretory trichomes that extend across the inner tepal, the base of the much reduced limb inflexes, and then covers it. Tigridia nana is endemic to Oaxaca coexisting in the SMS with 34 other species of Tigridieae. The group
is very diverse in the state of Oaxaca, with the species richness and endemism concentrated in the Oaxacan Highlands district. The pine-oak forest harbors the greatest species richness. Our findings coincide with the species richness and endemicity values of some other plant groups in the
SMS.
Piper globirhachis, a Segregate Species Across the Marañon River Valley, and the Resurrection of Pleiostachyopiper Trel. as a Distinct Subgenus of Neotropical Piper
Authors: Jaramillo M. Alejandra , Nossa-Silva Daniel , Majín-Ladino Andrés F.
Published: August 2024

Abstract— Piper globirhachis, a new species from northwestern Amazon, is described and illustrated. It occurs across the Marañon River Valley from its close relative P. nudilimbum with which it has been confounded for ca. 100 yr. Piper
globirhachis differs morphologically from P. nudilimbum in having ovate to long-ovate leaf blades and globose inflorescences, vs. elliptic leaves and elongate inflorescences in P. nudilimbum. These species also differ in geographic distribution and ecological niche. A molecular
phylogeny based on 135 ITS sequences (125 from Neotropical Piper species and 5 Asian Piper species) enabled the species boundary test (Poisson-tree-processes, PTP) corroborating that these are distinct species. Furthermore, these two species formed a well-supported clade sister
to P. subgenus Oxodium (=Schilleria). This phylogeny highlights the importance of allopatric speciation in Piper and provides evidence for the resurrection of Pleiostachyopiper as a subgenus of Neotropical Piper. An identification key for the subgenera
of Neotropical Piper is provided.
Content of Fatty Acids in Callus Cultures of Endemic Ajuga vestita BOISS.
Authors: Orcan Pınar , Orcan Mehmet Yusuf
Published: August 2024

Ajuga L., a member of the Lamiaceae family, is one of the most popular species due to its medicinal, decorative, and pharmacological properties. One of them is Ajuga vestita BOISS. which is endangered and placed in the "Endangered (EN)" category. In the present study, using in vitro tissue culture techniques, Ajuga vestita BOISS. seeds were germinated in hormone-free 1/4 MS medium, and callus were regenerated from leaf explants of germinated seeds in 1/1 MS medium containing BAP (benzylaminopurine) and Kin (kinetin). It was aimed at comparatively examining the fatty acid content of Ajuga vestita BOISS. callus. When the fatty acid content of the callus obtained from the control (hormone-free), BAP, and Kin media were examined, major saturated fatty acid amounts were palmitic acid in all three extracts (59.137%, 38.836%, and 24.295%) for control, BAP, and Kin respectively. The major unsaturated fatty acid amounts were octadecanoic acid (21.097%, 32.283%) for control and BAP, respectively, and linoleic acid (21.209%) for Kin considering that high amounts of unsaturated fatty acids make the plants more reliable in terms of health, the higher amount of unsaturated fatty acid content determined in the Kin extract in our study compared to the control will shed light on future studies in this sense that can be done with tissue culture techniques.
Investigation of Permeability of Thiocolchicoside Through Transdermal Drug Delivery System Using Franz Diffusion Cell
Authors: Karagüzel Hale , Sivrikaya Özak Sezen , Dalmaz Aslıhan
Published: August 2024

Recently, drug release applications through the skin have become very popular. One of the most remarkable of these drug release applications is transdermal drug release systems, which are drug release methods that allow the active substance to pass into the systemic circulation through the skin or artificial membranes. In this study, the optimization conditions required for the release and permeation tests of a gel drug containing the active substance thiocolchicoside were comparatively investigated using synthetic membranes without human or animal skin. For this purpose, the permeability of the gel drug in gel form and the active ingredient thiocolchicoside was carried out using Franz Diffusion Cell. As a result of the investigations, it was observed that the best synthetic membrane for the permeability of thiocolchicoside in the Franz Diffusion Cell was the Supor membrane. In addition, the method's relative standard deviation values, detection, and quantification limits were determined, and permeation studies were carried out. In this study, the correlation coefficient was found to be 0.9992, and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.026 and 0.078 µg/L. In this way, the sensitivity and reliability of the validation study were determined.
Explanations of Insider Deviant Behavior in Information Security: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Anti Emmanuel ,   University of Vaasa, Vartiainen Tero ,   University of Vaasa
Published: August 2024

Insider deviant behavior (IDB) in information security (IS) poses significant threats to public and private organizations. To enhance our understanding of IDB, we conducted a systematic review of existing literature, analyzing theories from the fields of criminology (e.g., Deterrence Theory), sociology (e.g., Social Control Theory), and psychology (e.g., Neutralization Techniques) utilized in IS research on IDB. We identified 46 theories from these disciplines, which we categorized into four main groups: psychological and behavioral, organizational, sociocultural, and decision-making. Additionally, we classified their constructs into eight key factors. Further, ten IDBs frequently studied in IS were identified. Our analysis identified relationships among these theories emphasizing shared concepts that improve our comprehension of IDB. These relationships and their implications for theory and practice are discussed offering insights into the multifaceted nature of insider deviance and the diverse theoretical lenses through which they can be examined. This review not only consolidates existing knowledge but also lays the groundwork for future research in effectively addressing insider deviant behavior.
The First Constitution of the USSR: Historical Significance
Authors: Shamova V. O.
Published: August 2024

The USSR Constitution of 1924 is an important legal document that formed a new political and legal entity on the world map that existed about 70 years. It made a great contribution to the historical course of events both for Russia and for the whole world. Its adoption took place in spontaneous and turbulent conditions, but despite this, it was able to lay the foundations for a stable existence. The Constitution of the USSR changed the paradigm of perception not only of political management, but also of other areas of life. It established freedom, equality, cooperation of the people, the principle of national self-determination. At that time, such provisions were very progressive even for international law. This instrument, from a legal point of view, is not unambiguous. Discussions regarding individual issues are ongoing to this day. Thus, disputes over the legal nature of the Agreement on the Formation of the Soviet Union still do not subside. A number of researchers consider it an international legal document. Others talk about its intrastate character, while someone even note its dual character. All these is important to determine the legitimacy of the procedures for accepting and terminating this document. Another controversial issue is the state territorial structure of the Soviet Union. Indeed, it was not directly defined in the 1924 Constitution, and the actual structure of the country did not fall under the criteria of any of the existing forms of device. It was supposed to create a completely new form of government. Nevertheless, at the moment, the prevailing point of view is that the Union was a federation with certain significant features. In this regard, it is also interesting to consider approaches to the sovereignty of the country. The paper carries out a detailed study of the structure and content of this Constitution, gives an assessment of the role of the Constitution in structuring the legal foundations of the Soviet state and its impact on the political and legal development of the country.
Assessment of dental caries severity in patients with VDR and СА12 polymorphisms
Authors: Tikhonova Svetlana N. , Kozlova Marina V. , Gorbatova Ekaterina A. , Ostrovskaya Irina G.
Published: August 2024

Background: There has been insufficient research into the genetic predisposition to dental caries. Research on the effect of gene polymorphisms on the incidence of dental diseases and the use of these findings in personalized prevention strategies are of high prognostic value.
Aim: To assess the effect of VDR and СА12 polymorphisms on hard tooth tissues in young patients.
Materials and Methods: The study examined 100 individuals, of which 59 (25 males and 34 females aged 23 to 25 years) were divided into groups based on the homozygous polymorphism: group 1 — VDR (n=19); group 2 — СА12 (n=32); and group 3 — combined VDR and CA12 (n=8). The DMF index was calculated in each group by fibreoptic transillumination method. Moreover, the pH of mixed saliva and serum 25(OH)D level (ng/mL) were measured.
Results: In group 1, the DMF index was 15.11±0.15, with 25(ОН)D deficiency (17.4±0.7 ng/mL). In group 2, the DMF index was 16.99±1.43, with changes in the pH of saliva (6.80±0.01). In group 3, the DMF index was 17.92±1.37, with рН 6.30±0.11 and 25(ОН)D level of 13.7±0.4 ng/mL.
Conclusion: Patients with VDR and СА12 polymorphisms had severe dental caries, acidic pH, and a deficiency of serum vitamin В metabolite.
Modeling and prediction of age-specific mortality rates using the Lee–Carter model
Authors: Borschuk Evgenii L. , Begun Dmitrii N. , Bolodurina Irina P. , Menshikova Larisa I. , Kolesnik Svetlana V. , Duisembaeva Aislu N.
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND: High mortality remains one of the most significant health concerns in Russia. One of the priorities of the state policy is to reduce mortality rates among the working-age population and increase life expectancy. Predicting population mortality rates serves as a valuable tool for effectively allocating the available resources.
AIM: To perform mathematical modeling and prediction of mortality rates of the population of the Orenburg region using the Lee–Carter model.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: The age- and sex-specific mortality rates and the population size of the Orenburg region for the period 1991–2020 was used as a study base. The Lee–Carter method was applied to model and predict population mortality. By deriving key parameters, a random walk model with drift was developed, and an accuracy assessment was performed.
RESULTS: The Lee-Carter model has been utilized to analyze the mortality rates of the male population in the Orenburg region. Through this modeling process, an accuracy rate of 87% was achieved, providing a reliable basis for long-term prediction. Mortality forecasts have been generated up to the year 2035, allowing for a comprehensive evaluation of future trends in the region.
CONCLUSION: The analysis of the results indicates that the pandemic's impact on population mortality is expected to be short-term. In the upcoming years, the mortality rate of the male population in the Orenburg region is projected to continue decreasing.
Evaluación la inteligencia artificial generativa en el contexto de la automática
Authors: Barragán Antonio Javier , Aquino Arturo , Enrique Juan Manuel , Segura Francisca , Martínez Miguel Ángel , Andújar José Manuel
Published: August 2024

La reciente proliferación de las inteligencias artificiales (IAs), en particular las IAs generativas, está impulsando una necesidad de transformación en la educación universitaria. La habilidad de las IAs para generar contenido, redactar informes, resúmenes y solucionar problemas de diversa complejidad, debería inducir una revisión de muchos de los métodos de evaluación tradicionales; o al menos, un reconocimiento de la capacidad del estudiantado para emplear estas herramientas en la ejecución de sus tareas. Este artículo tiene como objetivo evaluar las competencias de las principales IAs disponibles en la actualidad para llevar a cabo tareas asociadas con la ingeniería de control, tanto teóricas como prácticas. Los resultados indican que las IAs actuales todavía no pueden resolver problemas de control de manera efectiva, y tienden a recurrir a soluciones estándar que no siempre son apropiadas; no obstante, muestran un rendimiento satisfactorio respecto de conocimientos teóricos generales.
Un benchmark para el diseño y control de formaciones en sistemas multi-agente
Authors: Mañas Álvarez Francisco José , Guinaldo María , Dormido Raquel , Dormido Sebastián
Published: August 2024

La investigación en Sistemas Multi-Agente Robóticos (SMAR) ha recibido gran atención en los últimos años, ya que la cooperación entre agentes permite al sistema realizar tareas complejas a partir de comportamientos individuales relativamente sencillos. Uno de los principales retos en este campo es lograr y mantener la formación del sistema multiagente, es decir, coordinar múltiples agentes para satisfacer las restricciones impuestas en sus estados. El presente trabajo pretende abordar este reto en el marco de Robotic Park, una plataforma experimental integrada en una red ROS2, que admite experiencias con SMAR en un entorno virtual, en un entorno físico o en un esquema híbrido, utilizando vehículos aéreos y terrestres. El benchmark propuesto permite tanto la generación de una formación objetivo como el diseño de los algoritmos de control para lograrla. Además, posibilita la evaluación del rendimiento del sistema desde diferentes aspectos, como el rendimiento del controlador local, el número de mensajes de comunicación o el uso de la CPU.
Navegación de un robot Ackermann para tareas de transporte en invernaderos mediterráneos con MultiVehicle Simulator (MVSim)
Authors: Cañadas Aranega Fernando , Blanco Claraco Jose Luis , Mañas Alvarez Francisco José , Moreno Úbeda José Carlos
Published: August 2024

La agricultura intensiva bajo invernadero se ha convertido en uno de los pilares del crecimiento demográfico de las sociedad. Sin embargo, a medida que pasan los años, el aumento de la superpoblación tanto en los humanos como en el mundo animal, supone un problema para la humanidad, por lo que la agricultura existente debe ser más eficiente y sostenible. En esta búsqueda, la automatización y, en particular, los robots, juegan un papel fundamental ya que son herramientas para la resolución óptima de algunos problemas claves en este campo relacionados con el desarrollo de tareas tediosas, sucias y/o peligrosas, las típicas tareas DDD (del inglés Dull, Dirty, Dangerous). Este trabajo se centra en uno de los resultados del proyecto Agricultural Collaborative Robots inside IoT II (AGRICOBIOT II), en particular, en un robot móvil Ackermann destinado a realizar tareas de transporte dentro de invernaderos de tipo Mediterráneo, diseñado y construido en la propia Universidad de Almería para poder trabajar de forma colaborativa con el agricultor. Este trabajo describe los detalles de este robot, validando su funcionamiento en el simulador MVSim, a partir de un modelo 3D del mismo. En particular, el trabajo se centra en el problema de navegación durante el transporte teniendo en cuenta la presencia de personas y objetos inesperados o dinámicos mediante el framework de navegación autónoma Nav2.
Control Cartesiano de robots manipuladores en tareas de servicio en órbita
Authors: Redondo Verdú Celia , Ramón Carretero José L. , Fernández Chinchón Miguel , Belmonte Baeza Álvaro , García Gómez Gabriel J. , Pomares Baeza Jorge
Published: August 2024

En este artículo se presenta un estudio de distintas aproximaciones para el control Cartesiano de manipuladores robóticos en órbita. Estas aproximaciones se definen para el seguimiento de trayectorias generadas a partir de la planificación obtenida de un optimizador de trayectorias. Este optimizador plantea un problema de control óptimo en el que se establecen las restricciones necesarias para este tipo de manipuladores en órbita. Sin embargo, la planificación de movimientos obtenida a partir del problema de optimización no puede ejecutarse en el robot en bucle abierto. En este artículo se propone control basado en velocidad, aceleración y fuerza para el seguimiento de las trayectorias obtenidas del problema de optimización. Estos controladores tienen en cuenta tanto la dinámica específica de los manipuladores en órbita como las perturbaciones correspondientes. Tras la definición de los controladores, en el apartado de resultados se evalúan las distintas aproximaciones propuestas concluyendo las principales características de implementación y precisión de cada una de ellas.
Conector rotacional blando para robots modulares
Authors: Mena López Lisbeth Karina , Sánchez Claudia , Monje Concepción , Martínez de la Casa Santiago , Balaguer Carlos
Published: August 2024

Los robots modulares pueden adaptarse dinámicamente a diversas tareas o entornos, lo que los hace versátiles, eficientes y económicos. En este trabajo se propone el diseño de un componente de conexión para generar cadenas modulares flexibles, donde tanto el módulo como el conector son estructuras blandas. El módulo se compone de una configuración plegable basada en origami, que es fácilmente apilable mediante conexiones simples entre módulos. Con el objetivo de ampliar la funcionalidad de una cadena de módulos de origami apilados, se sugiere el uso de conectores rotacionales que permitan reorientar la cadena modular. Este estudio presenta el diseño y la validación de un conector blando capaz de rotar alrededor de dos ejes, utilizando un eslabón blando accionado por tendones.
Experiencia de coenseñanza internacional en asignaturas de Automática en el marco del proyecto europeo NextGEng
Authors: Satorres Martínez Silvia , Martínez Gila Diego , Dorado Vicente Rubén , Rad Ciprian , Lapusan Ciprian
Published: August 2024

La coenseñanza o enseñanza colaborativa es un enfoque pedagógico en el que dos o más docentes comparten la responsabilidad de planificar, enseñar y evaluar a un grupo de estudiantes. Si se contextualiza en un entorno internacional, los docentes involucrados deben de pertenecer a distintos países. Una de las líneas de actuación del proyecto europeo International Cooperation Framework for Next Generation Engineering Students (NextGEng) se centra en la coenseñanza. NextGEng es un proyecto formado por un consorcio de seis socios pertenecientes a universidades y empresas europeas, financiado por fondos Erasmus+, dentro de la categoría de asociación para la cooperación. Su objetivo principal es el desarrollo de un marco de cooperación internacional a nivel educativo que aumente la calidad en la enseñanza y enfoque las asignaturas incluidas en el mismo hacia las necesidades del mercado. El trabajo que se presenta describe las principales líneas de actuación del proyecto centrándose en una actividad de coenseñanza llevada a cabo en una asignatura de automatización.
Exploring the evolution of olive-fruit electric capacitance during maturation as an indicator of oil content accumulation
Authors: Aquino Martín Arturo , Noguera Miguel , Enrique Juan Manuel , Mejías Andrés , Moro Rocío , Argüello Daniel
Published: August 2024

Olive oil is a highly appreciated food product due to its outstanding nutritional profile. Because of the huge current and expected increasing demand, the olive sector is undergoing a transition to more productive approaches. In this respect, precision farming is increasingly playing an outstanding role aimed at yielding novel accurate spatial and temporal information in a variety of factors involved in olive growing and subsequent product transformation. In this context, this study explores the hypothesis that chemical transformations undergone by olive fruits during their maturation impact on their capability to store electric charge. Concretely, this work tries to elucidate how the electric capacitance of fruits is affected as oil content increases. The results obtained encourages to continue with further investigation, this with the final goal of developing specific devices, usable directly in the field, to characterise olive ripening in an easier and more cost-effective manner compared to traditional chemical methods.
Control óptimo multicapa de redes inteligentes
Authors: Hosseindokht Seyed Mohammad , Blesa Izquierdo Joaquim , Puig Cayuela Vicenç
Published: August 2024

Las redes eléctricas inteligentes y las microrredes representan una evolución significativa respecto a las redes tradicionales, integrando tecnologías avanzadas para optimizar la gestión y distribución de energía. La creciente complejidad de estas redes requiere enfoques de control sofisticados que gestionen múltiples objetivos y restricciones. El control multicapa surge como una solución eficaz, proporcionando una estructura jerárquica que mejora la eficiencia operativa y la capacidad de integrar fuentes de energía renovable y tecnologías de almacenamiento. En este trabajo se propone una estrategia de control de redes eléctricas inteligentes que contempla dos capas de control: nivel de microrred y nivel de componentes. Para el control a nivel de microrred se considera un control económico predictivo que proporciona las potencias de trabajo de los diferentes componentes y que mediante un control local se consiguen alcanzar. Se utiliza un caso de estudio basado en una microrred real de laboratorio para mostrar la eficiencia del método propuesto.