bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Audience-Centric Approach for Museums Sustainability
Authors: Di Pietro Laura , Guglielmetti Mugion Roberta , Renzi Maria , Toni Martina
Published: August 2014

The main purpose of this study is to propose a visitor centric perspective that can support museums towards sustainability. The main premise of this study is due to a concept of economic and social sustainability of museums, defined as the possession of sufficient resources to maintain the existence of an organization, and achieve their goals in the future, ensuring a certain flow of visitors. A great number of museums are characterized by a low number of visits; therefore, in order to become sustainable, museums should pay attention to audience and its internal diversity. In this way, a cultural site can plan tailored strategies to increase the number of visits and re-visits and to achieve community support. For this reason it is necessary to understand the cultural needs of visitors, acquiring appropriate monitoring tools, such as qualitative and quantitative ones. Generally, quantitative analyses are more reliable and complete, even if they require a considerable number of observations for the reliability of the results. Moreover, qualitative analysis provides more in depth information, even if their data do not allow us to make generalizations. The qualitative and quantitative methods for the detection of satisfaction are usually used separately, but their integration may bring significant added value in terms of the wealth of information. This study follows the analysis of the potential of the integration of qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques customized with respect to different types of targets. The results of the experimentation performed on ethnographic museums shows a consistency of the results obtained by the two different tools that increase the capacity information of survey instruments.
Fragmentation de l'habitat et diversité des petits vertébrés en forêt tropicale humide : l'exemple du barrage de Petit Saut
Authors: Ringuet Stéphane , Claessens Olivier , Cosson Jean-François , de Massary Jean-Christophe , Granjon Laurent , Pons Jean-Marc
Published: August 2014

Les effets précoces de la fragmentation forestière sur les communautés de petits vertébrés terrestres (lézards et micromammifères) et volants (oiseaux et chauves-souris frugivores), à la suite de la mise en service du barrage de Petit Saut en Guyane française, ont été étudiés. La structure et la composition spécifique des communautés ont été rapidement modifiées dans la zone fragmentée. L'impact de la fragmentation sur l'abondance et la richesse spécifique est contrasté selon les groupes zoologiques. En revanche la chute de diversité spécifique sur les petites îles est manifeste, un an seulement après l'inondation pour les lézards, les micromammifères terrestres et les chauves-souris, et deux ans après pour les oiseaux. Les peuplements insulaires sont dominés le plus souvent par un faible nombre d'espèces généralistes (Kentropyx calcarata pour les lézards, Proechimys cuvieri pour les petits rongeurs, et Artibeus obscurus pour les chauves-souris frugivores). Ces résultats montrent l'impact immédiat de la fragmentation forestière en région tropicale sur les communautés de petits vertébrés et complètent d'autres travaux comparables menés en région néotropicale, dont une courte revue est présentée. Ils soulignent également l'importance de maintenir un pôle de recherche actif sur les problèmes de conservation en Guyane française, eu égard à la valeur patrimoniale exceptionnelle de ces milieux.
Faune et activités humaines : exploitation forestière et chasse en Guyane française
Authors: de Thoisy Benoît , Vié Jean-Christophe
Published: August 2014

Although the natural resources in French Guiana are generally well preserved, rapid growth in the human population increasingly threatens their sustainability in many areas. A few studies have been conducted on the effects of timber harvesting on wildlife in French Guiana and others are in progress. In contrast, the effects of hunting have not been quantified, and the few existing hunting regulations are rarely complied with and poorly enforced. Despite evidence of increased scarcity of game species, no wildlife management policy has yet been implemented. This article describes the effects of timber harvesting and hunting on wildlife, as well as the hunting behaviors and legislation in French Guiana. Based on findings in other Latin American countries and on personal observations made over many years spent in French Guiana, the authors make recommendations for the formulation of an effective conservation policy.
Inselbergs et savanes-roches en Guyane : biodiversité et conservation des milieux associés aux affleurements granitiques
Authors: Gasc Jean-Pierre , Sarthou Corinne , Garrouste Romain , Villiers Jean-François , Cremers Georges , Thiollay Jean-Marc
Published: August 2014

Inselbergs and rocky outcrops constitute functional islands within the tropical forest of French Guiana. They host a characteristic vegetation mosaic (« savane-roche ») having its own dynamics, which is affected by pedological and hydrological constraints resulting from drastic thermal and hydric variations. Previous studies of this type of vegetation revealed floristic and phytocoenotic differences among stations. However, the limited range of the surveys does not afford a comprehensive view. Further studies (surveys and ecological studies) need to be carried out on every site in the department for conservation management. Until now, little research has been devoted to the fauna of these ecosystems, and especially invertebrates, although this should be corrected by a multidisciplinary study now in progress. The formations' characteristics make them ecologically fragile. Ecotourism gives rise to constraints that can be more fully understood through scientific study.
La photographie aérienne à grande échelle : un outil pour l'analyse de la diversité en forêt guyanaise
Authors: Trichon Valérie , Guillemyn Daniel , Fromard François , Betoulle Jean-Luc , Puig Henri
Published: August 2014

Nous abordons ici l'étude de la diversité structurale et floristique dans deux formations forestières caractéristiques de la Guyane française : la mangrove et la forêt dense sur sol drainé. Des photographies aériennes à grande échelle, numériques (noir et blanc) et analogiques (diapositives couleur), acquises à des altitudes variant de 1 00 à 1 500 m, ont été utilisées. Dans la mangrove (Marais Leblond), formation floristiquement simple et en évolution rapide, on s'est principalement attaché à l'étude de la diversité des faciès structuraux liée à la dynamique du milieu. Dans la forêt dense (Paracou), beaucoup plus riche en espèces, l'accent a été mis sur la diversité des couronnes d'arbres dans la canopée associée à la diversité des taxons (espèces, genres, familles). A travers ces deux exemples, mangrove et forêt dense, la photographie aérienne à grande échelle est apparue comme un outil performant pour la reconnaissance de la biodiversité des forêts guyanaises et l'aide à la compréhension de leur fonctionnement. Les méthodes mises en place, tant pour les aspects techniques d'acquisition des photographies que pour leur analyse, doivent permettre, à terme, de définir des stratégies de gestion et de conservation de cette biodiversité.
Diversité génétique et diversité taxonomique chez les mammifères : deux apports pour la biologie de la conservation en Guyane française
Authors: Catzeflis François , Lavergne Anne
Published: August 2014

Efforts must urgently focus on knowledge of the biological diversity in lowland primary tropical forests, because deforestation there is endangering as yet largely unknown ecosystems. The most abundant and remarkable zones, both for the Amazon region as a whole and, more locally, for French Guiana, should be identified to help set priorities in conservation. Mammalian diversity continues to be underestimated, particularly for certain families (Didelphidae marsupials, Echimyidae and Sigmodontinae rodents), which furthermore are represented by too few specimens to produce a fruitful taxonomic study based solely on morphology. By analyzing genetic diversity, molecular phylogeny has proven an effective aid in grasping the diversity and geographic distribution of organisms. Phylogeography is useful in dealing with two components of biodiversity : the first, horizontal, involves geographic space ; the second, vertical, delves deep into the genealogical origin of today's species and populations. Several recent studies, conducted in tropical forest environments on opossums, arboreal rodents and platyrrhinian monkeys, support these assertions.
La protection du patrimoine végétal en Guyane. Historique, outils et perspectives
Authors: de Granville Jean-Jacques , Bordenave Bruno Georges
Published: August 2014

AAfter an historical account of conservation efforts in French Guiana since 1970, the current status of existing measures to preserve its natural heritage is presented. Methodological and legal tools available to set up and manage protected areas is discussed. The need to complete qualitative and quantitative floristic data sets and to strengthen administrative and decision tools is emphasized.
Parcs, réserves et structures de protection de l'environnement en Guyane française, le point de vue d'un écologue
Authors: Charles-Dominique Pierre
Published: August 2014

La répartition de la biodiversité est analysée en Guyane Française, montrant en particulier qu'il existe divers gradients dans la répartition des organismes. Ces résultats sont discutés d'une part en fonction des contraintes biologiques des espèces animales et végétales, et d'autre part en tenant compte des différentes pressions socio-économiques. Des compromis acceptables pourraient être trouvés sur la base de solutions multiples et complémentaires associant un grand Parc dans le Sud et des Réserves de différents types sur la côte et dans l'intérieur du Département.
Dynamiques amazoniennes autour de la Guyane
Authors: Brackelaire Vincent
Published: August 2014

French Guiana is surrounded by eight Amazonian countries (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Surinam, Venezuela) which offer many interesting examples of biodiversity conservation and management. Exchanges among these countries are crucial ; they are maintained thanks to numerous networks of institutions and exchange structures. These networks and the findings and conclusions they disseminate constitute multiple references for French Guiana, long an onlooker in this approach to regional cooperation. Nevertheless, institutions in Guiana have become increasingly involved in regional events, and concrete measures are implemented with their immediate neighbors, thereby fostering stronger ties with the other countries in the Guianese shield - Guyana, Surinam and Venezuela - and stepping up their role in Amazonian regional integration in general.
Noms composés donnés aux herbes par les Touaregs
Authors: Bernus Edmond
Published: August 2014

Les noms donnés aux herbes par les Touaregs sont souvent des noms composés qui se réfèrent à plusieurs thèmes. Le premier concerne l'homme et la société : les cheveux, longs ou crépus, servent de référence à plusieurs herbes. La référence aux animaux est majoritaire. Certaines herbes possèdent des références croisées, végétale et animale, par exemple « figuier du chacal ». Des noms variés, inclassables, comme « qui m'aime ? » constituent la dernière catégorie. Il apparaît que les herbes, beaucoup plus que les arbres, ont capté l'imagination des Touaregs.
Le sens des lieux. Espaces et pratiques dans les palmeraies du Jérid (Sud-ouest tunisien)
Authors: Battesti Vincent , Puig Nicolas
Published: August 2014

Dans les oasis du Jérid (Sud-Ouest tunisien), l'emprise humaine se révèle à travers diverses pratiques et représentations symboliques. Les spatialités et les temporalités se combinent pour créer les échelles de la palmeraie. L'intensité de la présence humaine est tangible dans la minutie des activités agricoles ; elle transparaît également à travers les sociabilités qu'abritent les jardins, les manières de nommer les lieux, ou encore les diverses modalités d'expression esthétique qui se font jour, même au sein du travail.
La fabrication d'huile de lentisque (Linsticu ou chessa) en Sardaigne
Authors: de Lanfranchi François , Bui Thi Maï , Girard Michel
Published: August 2014

En Sardaigne, comme dans les autres îles de Méditerranée occidentale, la fabrication de l'huile de lentisque est tombée depuis longtemps en désuétude. Réalisé auprès de personnes ayant pratiqué jadis, le suivi des opérations sur le terrain a permis de préciser le statut social de l'arbre producteur, la manière de collecter ses fruits ainsi que les différents traitements mis en œuvre pour obtenir de l'huile. La phase dite de «purification» qui constitue la dernière étape, est spécifiquement réalisée pour cuire certaines pâtisseries traditionnelles sardes. Les découvertes de graines de lentisque dans des sites archéologiques indiquent que les populations mésolithiques et néolithiques méridionales connaissaient déjà les propriétés alimentaires de cet arbre du maquis et de la garrigue.
Jardin d'Église en Ethiopie centrale
Authors: Chouvin Élisabeth
Published: August 2014

Comme la plupart des églises éthiopiennes du bord du Rift, l'église Saint Mikaél d'Ankobâr est entourée d'un bosquet, l'aşed. Son exubérance rappelle celle des vestiges forestiers de la région et contraste avec le paysage de cultures environnant. Cet article montre que loin d'être une relique de la forêt ancienne, cette végétation est un jardin dont l'organisation reflète la conception concentrique du monde des Amhara. Chez ce peuple orthodoxe, la structure en cercle est omniprésente et se retrouve dans la perception du temps, dans l'organisation sociale, dans l'aménagement de l'espace, dans l'architecture de l'église Saint Mikaél et dans l'aménagement de la végétation de l'aşed. À chacune des trois enceintes identifiées est associé un degré de pureté décroissant du centre vers la périphérie et des gestions distinctes. Également conçu comme un cimetière où les genévriers et les oliviers sont les arbres-tombes, et où les plantes poussant autour sont des herbes et des arbustes aux vertus magico-médicinales, l'aşed est aussi le théâtre de dynamiques fortes où les gestions du milieu mises en oeuvre sont le reflet des évolutions sociales.
La tarodière irriguée : un système d'agriculture diversifiée
Authors: Walter Annie , Tzerikiantz Fabienne
Published: August 2014

Le taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott), plante alimentaire de base des Océaniens est cultivé en culture pluviale ou en culture irriguée. Parmi les différents types que cette dernière présente, la culture en bassins irrigués représente un système intensif et respectueux de l'environnement puisqu'il sédentarise les cultures pour des cycles longs. La tarodière de Sevu, sur la côte ouest de Santo, est décrite ici pour donner un exemple du fonctionnement de ces systèmes, lorsqu'ils sont efficaces. Outre celle du taro, le jardin à bassins irrigués intègre la culture d'une trentaine de plantes alimentaires, soit en culture maraîchère sur les murets soit en arboriculture. Elle peut encore être légèrement intensifiée et nourrir une population en pleine croissance mais les risques naturels aléatoires (érosion, cyclone, sécheresse, inondation, tremblement de terre) et les risques sociaux dus à l'histoire (migrations, ruptures des liens d'alliance) pèsent constamment sur ces systèmes complexes et fragiles.
Les «jardins » d'ignames sauvages des chasseurs-collecteurs kubu des forêts de Sumatra
Authors: Dounias Edmond
Published: August 2014

The wild yam groves of the Kubu hunter-gatherers in the lowland forests ot Sumatra.

Despite of their toxicity, tubers from various species of widl yam provide a vital source of carbohydrates to the Kubu of the lowland forests of Sumatra. These nomadic hunter-gatherers have elaborated efficient processes to detoxify the tubers, and take advantage of this toxicity by creating wild yam groves in the forest understorey. Accordingly, the vine is naturally protected against putative predators, and the combination of various yam species that do not mature simultaneously, ensures a continuous production of tubers following the seasonal migrations of the Kubu. Such perennial exploitation of a pseudo-wild resource - described as paracultivation - is not a transitory step to domestication. Rather, it is a specific response to the constraints of a nomadic lifestyle. Such manipulations of plants demonstrate that hunting and gathering societies help shape the forest ecosystems.
Ni ager, ni hortus : la forêt dans tous ses états. Quelques réflexions sur les relations sociétés/forêts inspirées par Jacques Barrau
Authors: Michon Geneviève
Published: August 2014

Cet hommage est articulé autour d'une déclinaison très personnelle de l'opposition développée par Jacques Barrau entre hortus et ager pour appréhender la diversité des modes de domestication par l'homme des milieux et des ressources. En intégrant au cadre d'analyse que propose Barrau les particularités des milieux forestiers et des relations agriculteurs/forêts, je propose de casser cette opposition binaire en introduisant une troisième dimension, synthétisée dans le paradigme de « forêt domestique ». Questionnant ensuite le rapport plus global des sociétés à la forêt, je propose de relire les dynamiques de déforestation sous les tropiques à la lueur de cette opposition entre forêt domestique et les autres types de forêt, opposition qui renvoie à la crise contemporaine des représentations du rapport des sociétés à la nature. Au-delà de ce débat sur la déforestation, les nouveaux questionnements sur la conservation et la restauration des écosystèmes forestiers indiquent l'émergence d'une nouvelle forme de traitement collectif de la nature, qui traduit la matérialisation de nouvelles manières de voir et d'interpréter la place que se redéfinissent les sociétés contemporaines sur une terre de plus en plus domestiquée.
The Importance of Satisfaction in Relation to Gastronomic Tourism Development
Authors: Prat Forga José M. , Valiente Gemma Cànoves
Published: August 2014

This work investigates the interrelationships between the development of gastronomic tourism and the satisfaction of this tourist on having consumed this product. The factors analyzed in order to evaluate satisfaction with the visit are the quality of the product, the marketing, and
the accessibility. The factors analyzed in order to evaluate the development level of gastronomic tourism are the interest of the tourist in the local gastronomy, the possibility of realizing new culinary experiences, and the economic level of the tourist. A total of 263 respondents completed
a personal survey conducted at Empordà, a very important touristic region in northern Catalonia (Spain). The data were analyzed using a structural equation modeling technique, and the results reveal that the impacts of the six factors have significant effects on gastronomic tourism
development and satisfaction of this type of tourist, and both—gastronomic tourism development and gastronomic tourist satisfaction—have a very strong interrelationship.
Destination Loyalty as a Consequence of Satisfaction and Switching Barriers
Authors: Can Vo Van
Published: August 2014

The purpose of this article is to investigate how satisfaction and switching barriers influence destination loyalty. A survey was conducted as the research instrument. A structural equation model was applied to test the causal relationship among the constructs. The findings show that
both satisfaction and switching barriers have significant effects on destination loyalty. Of the multicomponents of switching barriers, interpersonal relationship and switching costs have positive impacts whereas lack of attractiveness of other destinations has a negative effect on destination
loyalty. Furthermore, all three dimensions of tourist satisfaction and overall satisfaction have positive effects on destination loyalty. From a managerial aspect, tourism managers should concentrate not only on how to improve tourists' satisfaction but also on how to develop switching hindrances
for tourists in order to enhance tourist destination loyalty.
Forecasting the City Hotel Market
Authors: Smeral Egon
Published: August 2014

City tourism is rapidly gaining in importance. With its fast pace of growth, the city tourism industry needs reliable forecasting models to get useful information on future development trends. But so far we have only a handful of studies that look into forecasting issues related to
city tourism. We need to consider that dynamic demand for overnight stays impacts on occupancy rates and room prices and that these variables in turn influence investment in increasing bed capacities. To fill this gap in research, an econometric model of the hotel bed supply and the demand
for overnight stays on a monthly basis has been developed for Vienna, Austria. Forecasts for 2013 and 2014 were carried out for overnight stays, bed supply, average daily rates, and, implicitly, also for occupancy rates. A scenario involving a level shift in tourism demand shows the sensitivity
of the model.
Horizontal and vertical distributions of siphonophores in relation to oceanographic conditions in Chilean Patagonian fjords
Authors: Palma Sergio , Retamal María Cristina , Silva Nelson , Silva Claudio
Published: August 2014

Siphonophores collected in Chilean Patagonian fjords, between the Gulf of Penas and the Trinidad Channel in 2008 were analysed. A total of 12 species were recorded, of which Muggiaea bargmannae, Lensia subtilis, Praya dubia and Sphaeronectes fragilis were identified for the first time in this sector of the Patagonian fjords. M. bargmannae represents a new record for the southeastern Pacific. The most abundant species were Muggiaea atlantica (78.6%), Lensia conoidea (8.7%) and Dimophyes arctica (8.5%). M. atlantica, the dominant species, showed high densities in both oceanic and interior waters. L. conoidea and D. arctica, on the other hand, were principally collected in interior waters. M. atlantica was collected in less saline (< 30), more oxygenated (6-7 mL L–1) shallow strata (0-50 m), while L. conoidea and D. arctica were collected below 50 m depth in more saline (30-33) and less oxygenated (4-6 mL L–1) waters. The eudoxids of these species followed the same horizontal and vertical distribution patterns as their polygastric stages. These results confirm the success of M. atlantica in the colonization of all the southern fjords and document an increase with respect to the results obtained for the same geographical area in the spring of 1996. They also allowed us to infer that salinity and dissolved oxygen vertical gradients play an important role in determining the depth distribution patterns of these species.
Impact of General Social Media Experience on Usefulness for Business in the Workplace
Authors: Amoroso Donald L. , Mukahi Tsuneki , Ogawa Mikako
Published: August 2014

This chapter looks at the adoption of general social media applications on usefulness for business, comparing the factors that influence adoption at work between Japan and the United States. In Japan, ease of use and usefulness for collective knowledge in general social media are predictors of usefulness for business social media, and in the United States, only usefulness for collective knowledge is a strong predictor of usefulness for business. The authors did not find behavioral intention to use social media in the workplace to be an important factor in predicting the usefulness of social media for business. The value of this research is its ability to understand the use of social media in the workplace to include how the experience of social media impacts on the expectation of usefulness for business and how the impact of ease of use differs from Japanese to the United States because of cultural, technological, and market reasons.
Influence of Corporate Social Media in Strategic Decision Processes
Authors: Venkataraman S. , Das Ranjan
Published: August 2014

This chapter discusses conceptually with some anecdotal evidence how social media engagement by business firms can influence their strategic decision making. It suggests a model of influence and proposes a knowledge integration mechanism through which such influence materializes. Social media engagement by business firms has been steadily on the rise, with its application extending to a range of corporate functions beyond marketing and customer engagement, many of which can be construed as strategic. However, the potential influence of social media on strategy process or strategic decision making has not been fully explored. In addressing this gap, this chapter conceptually explores the likely influence of social media on the issue of strategic decision making and the mechanism of such influence. Embellished by some illustrative anecdotes from practice, this chapter suggests a plausible model whereby corporate social media engagement influences the strategy process in firms through the three key dimensions – environmental factors, strategic characteristics, and decision issue characteristics. In particular, social media engagement is conceived as ingraining knowledge creation and integration through socialization within an extended value network.
Leisure and Entertainment as a Creative Space-Time Manifold in a Post-Modern World
Authors: Pokrovskaia Nadezhda Nikolaevna
Published: August 2014

The postmodern overcoming of linear rational reasoning of the modernity creates a new world of deeper understanding and better implementing myth and fairy tale. Today, neither the labor behavior nor the consumer preferences are determined with the classical economic and mathematical models of price. The money (wage for labor or costs for goods and services) is no more able to play the key role in motivating a choice or an effort. The essential factor is the impression, feeling, miracle, and their contribution for defining the identity of the actor, his or her personality. The virtual space is a tool to discover the real internal universe of human beings, including the creative competence, novelty, and innovation. Leisure and entertainment are necessary for this seeking of the human being essence – as actor, creator, and consumer. The chapter is designed to help one understand the real motivation of actors in a post-industrial sector.
An Overview on Presentation of Entertainment in Newspapers' Weekend Supplements
Authors: Sener Nihal Kocabay
Published: August 2014

Media, as one of the most indispensable instruments of the society, has duties other than informing the society, and entertainment can be regarded as one of these duties. News in newspaper supplements contains suggestions around how individuals can have fun and at the same time what they can do to have fun; in addition, this supplement itself also serves as a source of entertainment. In the context of this chapter, weekend supplements of mass newspapers and opinion newspapers are examined with a content analysis; then qualitative and quantitative findings are evaluated. In this chapter, how entertainment is represented in newspaper supplements and whether there is a difference between mass newspapers and opinion newspapers in the name of entertainment representation is demonstrated. According to this research, publication identities and policies affect news content, and suggestions in news are not fit for all readers.
Transformation in Daytime Television Programs in Turkey since 2000
Authors: Doruk Ece Karadogan
Published: August 2014

The research conducted in Turkey indicates that the television viewers usually spend their leisure daytime watching television programs such as health, cooking, beauty, fashion, shopping, and competitions. These programs that mostly refer to entertainment function enable viewers to learn as well as have an enjoyable time. Among the reasons why the television viewers prefer to watch these programs are migration to larger cities and the need of the viewers, who spend more time together at home with the family and have nothing but the television at home as the neighborhood culture has disappeared, to see their equivalents and communicate their troubles. This chapter discusses the changing program preferences of the television audience and the causes affecting the transforming program contents since the early 2000s in Turkey, which is one of the countries with the highest television-viewing rate and uses the method of in-depth interview with the experts in the field.
Globalization and the Dynamics of Work Markets
Authors: Feigelson Kristian
Published: August 2014

In proposing an analysis of the professionalization and the occupations of cinema based on the discoveries of interactionist sociology, The Filmic Factory defines film practices in concrete terms. Taking a look at the other side of the scenery allows us to grasp the interior processes at work in the fabrication of a film. How does one describe these different categories of audiovisual and film occupations over a long period of time through the lens of more complex professional constructions at the intersection of French public policy since 1936 and current evolutions in a market based on intermittent employment? On the basis of numerous inquiries in various studios (France, Central Europe, United States, India, Russia, and others), this chapter proposes a new perspective on this specific market in the context of globalization in order to better understand the anonymous history of those who have created cinema.
Violence and Pornographic Violence as a Mass Entertainment Medium
Authors: Erdem M. Nur
Published: August 2014

Containment of violence and pornography in mass media as an entertainment medium is not a recent occurrence. Academic studies have been interested in this issue for many years. Many studies have questioned both the effects and existence of violence and pornographic violence. The main focal point of this chapter is to study the effects of the exposure of excessive graphic violence and pornography in a TV series in recent years. In this line of argument, Spartacus, which contains a high rate of both aspects was chosen as the sample. Firstly, violence and pornographic violence within the series and other basic concepts and their representation are manifested. However, the findings of the analysis all by themselves are not regarded as adequate in this research, and the results of an effect study are included in the chapter.
The Use of Humor in Award-Winning TV Commercials in Turkey
Authors: Tatli Erdem , Ozdemir Urun Anil
Published: August 2014

In this chapter, the award-winning television commercials of Turkey's Cristal Apple Advertising Competition are studied in terms of their use of humor. The commercials are content analyzed, and humorous devices are organized according to the studies of Sterthal and Craig (1973), Kelly and Solomon (1975), Buijen and Valkenburg (2004), and Yee (2011). The humorous devices are listed according to four distinct product categories—banking, decoration, detergents and household cleaners, and foods—and determined according to four distinct categories designed by Weinberger, Campbell, and Brody (1994). All the award-winning advertisements are analyzed according to humorous devices used and product types comparatively. As a result, it is observed that there are significant differences in terms of humor use in advertisements in different sectors. Accordingly, the most humorous advertisements are in the food sector. The humor devices used in the advertisements differentiate from year to year.
Organizational Agility in Universities
Authors: Mukerjee Sheila
Published: August 2014

Organizational agility is a necessary capability for universities in times of turbulence. However, this is not easily achieved as there are a number of tensions and challenges that impact a university's ability to respond to change in a timely manner. This chapter explores and discusses some of the tensions that universities experience as they seek to succeed and thrive in increasingly competitive and innovative spaces. Areas discussed cover clash of culture and values, effect of organizational structure and mode of operation, risk aversion and innovation, optimization of business processes for efficiency and agility, resources and change demands, and technological innovations and disruptions. Many of these are discussed in the context of the changing landscape of education as universities explore new business models such as online delivery and prepare themselves for major transformations and innovations. The concluding call is for universities to develop and nurture agile capability to address their future challenges.
Professional Knowledge Workers
Authors: Simpson Andrea , Fitzgerald Tanya
Published: August 2014

The pressures of fiscal constraints, increased competition, and rapidly developing information technology have resulted in the modern university adopting business models of operation. As a consequence, teaching and learning have become products and students have become consumers. The net effect of these changes has been the expansion of specialist administrative and management work in universities: work that is undertaken by both professional staff and manager-academics. Arguably, it is these managerial practices that now drive the research and knowledge functions of the university, rather than the other way around. Typically, professional staff members, also known as “general,” “non-academic,” or “administrative” staff, now comprise the majority of the modern university workforce across Australia, Europe, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The changing roles and importance of these professional staff members is explored by describing their number, function, roles, and gender breakdown across higher education providers. In this chapter, the authors examine the growing influence of professional staff in the university's binary organizational structure of the “non-academic” versus the academic. The tensions this binary system creates in the perceptions of the relative status of one type of work and workers in higher education over another are interrogated with particular regard to staff diversity. The blurring of the binary is highlighted as academics move into managerial roles and the work of professional staff cuts across academic and administrative domains.
Embracing Social Media to Advance Knowledge Creation and Transfer in the Modernized University
Authors: Lang Catherine , Lemon Narelle
Published: August 2014

New ways of utilizing technology in the online space are challenging how academics and students communicate, participate, and publish in modern universities, and thereby influence knowledge production, exchange, and transfer. Social media provides a suite of tools that are powerful additions to the pedagogy of academics and demonstrate that “the medium is the message” (McLuhan, 1960). These tools provide opportunity for public global dialogue, continuous discussions in the online space beyond the four walls of a physical classroom, and greater interactions between individuals and collective groups. In this chapter, the authors present several cases of social media use from the perspective of being researchers and teachers in higher education. Through strategic and precise use of social media, academics can create strong, connected, virtual communities to enhance knowledge production, exchange, and transfer within higher education. The cases demonstrate the ability to create and curate content while engaging with global connections to enhance and disrupt traditional ways of working in academia.
From Professional Expert to Novice Academic
Authors: Weller Jacolyn
Published: August 2014

The move from a professional career into academia involves a transition from professional expertise to novice academic. New academics encounter a number of university expectations that can challenge their own sense of professional identity. In this chapter, the author overviews the complexity of the higher education environment and highlights the challenges that new academics face. The status of being both a recognized professional and a novice in academia can be a unique experience, as the author documents.
Football Manager as a Persuasive Game for Social Identity Formation
Authors: Kaye Linda K.
Published: August 2014

This case illustrates the way in which the football management simulation game, Football Manager (Sports Interactive), enhances the processes through which players formulate their social identities, which extend beyond the boundaries of gameplay itself. The case discusses the findings of my interviews with Football Manager players, which provides an in-depth examination of experiences associated with the game, both during gameplay and the way in which it functions within the wider social contexts of their lives. I discuss these findings in relation to social identity theory (Tajfel, 1978, 1979; Tajfel & Turner, 1979), through the way in which the game promotes players' sense of in-group affiliation, as well as promoting positive shared experiences between players. In this way, the current case presents an interesting insight into the social functions of the game and its role within the social narratives and identities of its players. From this, I conclude the utility of Football Manager as a persuasive game for formulating players' social identities, which may lead to further positive social impacts.
Games for Top Civil Servants
Authors: Stubbé Hester , van de Ven Josine G. M. , Hrehovcsik Micah
Published: August 2014

In designing De BurgemeesterGame—The Mayor Game—we aimed to develop a game that would be used and appreciated by a target population that was hardly used to being trained and had little affinity with applied gaming: mayors. To make sure that the (learning) goals, the context, the characteristics of the target population, and the creative design were all integrated into the game, we chose to work in a consortium with a focus group. We included engaging elements like simple gameplay based on actual processes, authentic scenarios presented in the way of dilemmas, time pressure, and collaboration. This resulted in a game that was accepted by the target population and has been played by more than half of all mayors in The Netherlands. Mayors feel the game challenges them to explore their decision making during crisis management and stimulates them to discuss this with other mayors.
Game-Based Learning as a Promoter for Positive Health Behaviours in Young People
Authors: Wilson Andrew Sean
Published: August 2014

Maintaining the healthcare of young people living with long-term medical conditions is dependent upon them acquiring a range of self-care skills. Encouraging them to attain these as well as assessing their competency in them beyond the healthcare setting is challenging. The development of educational computer games like Health Heroes, Re-Mission, and Sparx have been shown to successfully improve self-care, communication, and adherence to medicines in young patients. Therefore, this medium might be an alternative means for delivery of healthcare information. In this chapter, we propose that by encapsulating healthcare processes in Game-Based Learning (GBL) either by computer games or by applying the principles of gamification, a more fun, structured, and objective process would be created, one to which young people can relate. The framework we suggest will provide doctors with an insight into how GBL could be used positively in a healthcare setting as well as provide a basis for application to other disciplines where knowledge and skill acquisition can be challenging.
A Hostile World
Authors: Bertolo Maresa , Mariani Ilaria
Published: August 2014

A Hostile World is a persuasive game designed for an urban context with a high level of multiethnic presence, a recurrent feature of the contemporary megalopolis. Our players are ordinary native citizens who are plunged into an alternative reality where they can realize how complex and demanding it is to deal with gestures and tasks of everyday life in a foreign context, trusting them to live a destabilizing experience that aims to increase the sensitivity, understanding, and empathy towards foreigners, soothing the existing multicultural tensions. The game is a quest-based system; quests recreate situations of everyday-life needs, from shopping to bureaucratic adventures; it's designed to be modular and its sessions may change in the number and quality of quests adapting to different cities, contexts, and targets. The authors identify its effectiveness through the analysis of data collected during and after actual gameplay.
Loyalty in Crisis
Authors: Vlachos Ilias P. , Skoumpopoulou Dimitra
Published: August 2014

This chapter examines customer loyalty across the supply chain during the economic crisis in Greece. The authors posit the following research questions: How does customer's loyalty change in light of the financial crisis and to what extent does customer loyalty contribute to a firm's performance during an economic crisis? The factors discussed are satisfaction, exchange of information, trust, competition, and finally, customer loyalty in fragile economic conditions. In order to examine customer loyalty in a period of crisis, the authors drew their sample from Greek manufacturing companies in 2012. They received 131 usable questionnaires. The total response rate was 13.1%. The results indicate that there is a quite high level of loyalty, which drives them to continue their partnership in the future, but also to recommend their partner to other firms.
The Effect of E-Business in B2B Relationships
Authors: Samanta Irene , Pitticas Nondas
Published: August 2014

This chapter examines whether the changes that take place in the global business environment have modulated the way firms do business or whether it is simply transient details that have caused such excitement. Should firms be wary of any proclamations of “new” ways of doing business? Or should they ignore changes of the business environment? Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted in 3 focus groups of managers from 3 major firms operating in Greece. In addition, a quantitative research in 29 B2B firms was conducted. The influence of globalization, the intense competition, and new technologies in B2B e-commerce are external factors that raise problems and complexities in the future direction of firms. There is also a gap caused by the lack of an innovation culture between top and lesser management. Businesses are required to modernise their practices to move from their present situation at the level of the second industrial revolution of “old economy” to the third industrial revolution of “new era economy.”
Customer-Based Corporate Brand Equity (CBCBE) In Business-to-Business Firms
Authors: Mishra Prashant , Sarkar Soumya
Published: August 2014

Performance of corporate brands is turning out to be a very significant metric in gauging the degree of firm performance. In a B2B setting, corporate brands are of larger importance and greater relevance. From a strategic marketing perspective, this chapter looks at market orientation as a crucial antecedent to corporate brand performance, which is measured through a new construct: Customer-Based Corporate Brand Equity (CBCBE). In the backdrop of Indian B2B firms, a dyadic analysis is performed to eke out the relationship in order to fill the spaces glaring in this domain of marketing literature. The presence of innovativeness as a strategic marketing mediator positively influences this association between market orientation and corporate brand performance focusing on the individualities of emerging markets.
Authenticity in the Mirror of Consumer Memories, or Drinking Champagne in Russia
Authors: Kniazeva Maria , Charters Steve
Published: August 2014

By bringing together a product with a rich cultural history—champagne—and consumers of sparkling wine in Russia, the authors aim to advance the understanding of authenticity. The research objective is to use autobiographical histories to explore how consumers' memories shape their perception of product authenticity. Ten in-depth interviews collected in Russia inform the study. The findings suggest that the generally accepted view of authenticity—that it relates to a positive engagement with the attributes of products and services—is limited. The authors show that a product such as champagne interacts regularly with the drinkers' life stages and with key emotional events. When a product interweaves consumers' personal histories and the history of their nation, that product has the potential to achieve authentic power – regardless of its quality.
Community-Driven Health-Impact Assessment
Authors: Coady Maureen
Published: August 2014

Highly participatory local health impact assessment processes can be used to identify and encourage practices and policies that promote health. They also foster community learning that can increase a community's capacity to improve local conditions for a healthier community. This chapter examines a Community-Driven form of Health Impact Assessment (CHIA) practiced in rural Nova Scotia, Canada since 1997. Experience suggests that informal learning in these processes is often transformative; ordinary citizens learn to identify factors that influence their health, to think beyond the illness problems of individuals, and to consider how programs and policies can weaken or support community health. They learn that that they can identify directions for future action that will safeguard the health of their community.
Mindfulness in Health Education and Health Promotion
Authors: D'Abundo Michelle Lee , Sidman Cara Lynn , Heller Debbie
Published: August 2014

The term “mindfulness” has been widely referenced in research and popular media. In order to help Americans be healthier, innovative approaches to well-being like the practice of mindfulness are needed in the field of health promotion. The purpose of this chapter is to apply the concept of mindfulness to the field of health education and promotion. Topics covered include the origins and practice of mindfulness, measurement, and well-being related mindfulness research. Applications of mindfulness in health education and promotion are provided with specific emphasis on smoking and cancer. Finally, mindfulness in the workplace is described in depth with practical examples for worksite health education and promotion.
A Personal Perspective and Learning Experience on Living a Long, Healthy Life
Authors: Henschke John A.
Published: August 2014

This chapter provides various materials and described events the author has personally found helpful in threading together elements of adult and community health education and learning that have contributed to his vibrant health and length of life thus far at age 82. His understanding was that these writers cited did not focus on health. Rather, the author used the materials for helping him develop and maintain a long, healthy life. Many Bible passages are included because the author views them as the Word of God, which has helped him learn to live long and healthily. His beliefs, attitudes, values, and stages of life are all central to his perspective on health. Although he provides his personal story about learning to live long and healthy, he suggests that each reader consider developing and applying her/his own view of learning to live long and healthy.