bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Agilität im Multiprojektmanagement. Auswirkungen agiler Methoden auf die Zusammenarbeit im Unternehmen
Authors: Bechtel Jadena
Published: March 2022

Eine der bedeutendsten Herausforderungen im Multiprojektmanagement ist die Koordination der Stakeholder unter Berücksichtigung all ihrer Interessen. Insbesondere am Projektportfoliomanagement sind verschiedenste Stakeholder beteiligt, die Einfluss auf das Projektportfolio haben. Durch das Hinzukommen neuer Trends, wie das agile Projektmanagement, ändern sich die Interaktionen zwischen den Interessensgruppen im Portfolio. Daher wurde in der Arbeit untersucht, welche Merkmale die Zusammenarbeitsqualität auf Portfolioebene beeinflussen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass insbesondere kulturelle Faktoren wie die Risiko- und Innovationskultur im positiven Zusammenhang mit der Zusammenarbeitsqualität stehen. Die Anwendung von Business Cases wirkt sich allerdings bei einem Portfolio mit vielen agilen Projekten weniger positiv auf die Zusammenarbeit aus.
PENGEMBANGAN ALAT VISUAL LIGHT SYSTEM DENGAN LATIHAN BALL THROWING DIGITAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN REAKSI, ANTISIPASI, KOORDINASI DAN KONSENTRASI
Authors: Muflih Muhammad Zakiy , Rusdiana Agus , Ronald Hamidie
Published: March 2022

Landasan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara kerja model latihan ball throwing digital dengan visual light system dalam olahraga sepak bola. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah “one grups pretest post test design”. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah terciptanya alat ball throwing digital dengan visual light system pada olahraga sepak bola. Permainan sepak bola biasa dimainkan di luar ruangan dan prototype ini dirancang untuk mekanisme pelemparan bola yang dapat digunakan untuk melatih penjaga gawang. Dalam proyek ini, alat ball throwing digital dengan visual light system pada sepak bola dibuat untuk meningkatkan reaksi dan antisipasi seorang penjaga gawang. Alat ball throwing digital dengan visual light system ini berfungsi untuk membantu proses latihan dan variasi latihan untuk penjaga gawang dalam olahraga sepak bola. Dilatih secara berulang-ulang sehingga dengan dibantunya alat tersebut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan rekasi, antisipasi, koordinasi dan konsentrasi untuk penjaga gawang.Kata kunci: Ball throwing digital, visual light system, soccer
ANALISIS AKTIVITAS FISIK TERPROGRAM UNTUK MENINGKATAN KEBUGARAN TUBUH DI MASA ADAPTASI KEBIASAAN BARU (AKB)
Authors: Erfandy Wahyu , . Arrahman , Pratiwi Israh , Alamsyah Nurfadly
Published: March 2022

Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat menjadi salah satu Provinsi yang menerapkan kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) secara menyeluruh di seluruh kabupaten dan kota menyambut kebijakan tatanan normal baru yang dibuat oleh pemerintah sebagai peluang dalam upaya untuk mengembalikan kegiatan pemerintahan dan kemasyarakatan yang terdampak Covid-19, sehingga secara bertahap dapat mengembalikan kondisi menjadi pulih seperti kondisi sebelum adanya wabah Covid-19. Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Barat mengeluarkan kebijakan melalui Keputusan Gubernur Nomor 47 Tahun 2020 yang pada dasarnya memberikan pedoman bagi pemerintah Kota dan Kabupaten yang berada di wilayah Provinsi Jawa Barat termasuk Kabupaten Cirebon untuk dapat melaksanakan kebijakan PSBB secara proporsional, kebijakan tersebut kemudian dikenal dengan istilah Adaptasi Kebiasaan Baru (AKB). Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan untuk melaksanakan aktivitas fisik yang terprogram dengan tujuan meningkatkan kebugaran tubuh di masa AKB. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.000 < 0.05 dengan nilai statistik yang meningkat pada sebelum penerapan latihan fisik terprogram (pre test) dan setelah penerapan (post test) latihan fisik terprogram pada SSB Garuda Cirebon sebesar 1,260. Kata kunci: Aktivitas fisik terprogram, Kebugaran tubuh, Adaptasi kebiasaan baru
Presunción legal de laboralidad del trabajo en plataformas digitales de reparto
Authors: Moreno Gené Josep
Published: March 2022

En este comentario se analizan las soluciones jurisprudenciales —STS de 25 de septiembre de 2020— y legales —Ley 12/2021, de 28 de septiembre— dispensadas a la controversia sobre la naturaleza jurídica que cabe atribuir a la actividad de reparto efectuada a través de plataformas digitales, haciéndose especial hincapié en la presunción de laboralidad de esta prestación de servicios introducida por esta última norma.  Asimismo, se indaga en las nuevas controversias jurídico-laborales que van a suscitar y, de hecho, ya están suscitando, las nuevas e ingeniosas estrategias adoptadas por las plataformas digitales con el fin de “eludir” la presunción de laboralidad de esta actividad, a saber, el recurso a empresas de última milla, a empresas de trabajo temporal y a cooperativas de repartidores.
En torno a los criterios flexibles para la designación de delegados sindicales
Authors: Sánchez-Urán Azaña María Yolanda , De Fuentes García-Romero de Tejada Carlos
Published: March 2022

El presente trabajo analiza diversas cuestiones sobre la representación sindical en la empresa. Tras contextualizar esta materia  en la doctrina del Tribunal Constitucional relativa al contenido mínimo o adicional de la libertad sindical, se repasa  la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Supremo en torno a la designación  de delegados sindicales en la empresa y se analizan sus sentencias de los tres últimos años atendiendo a dos cuestiones principales:  el papel del convenio colectivo en este tema y la posibilidad de nombrar delegados sindicales en ámbitos intermedios entre la empresa y el centro de trabajo. Importante es también el estudio de la regulación convencional  sectorial de los últimos veintidós meses. En las conclusiones se proponen pautas interpretativas en lo que refiere a la conexión entre representación sindical y unitaria y al cometido que podría jugar la norma convencional.
Puntos esenciales de la nueva reforma laboral
Authors: Fernández Navarro Esteban
Published: March 2022

La reforma legislativa que fue promulgada en los estertores del año 2021, fue concebida para proporcionar la flexibilidad que el contexto pandémico requería. En consecuencia, numerosas instituciones jurídicas (como los contratos de trabajo temporales) fueron modificados de forma extraordinaria, en aras a adaptar tales instituciones al contexto socio-económico de la pandemia. Consecuencialmente, este trabajo se enfoca en las principales reformas que el sistema del Derecho del Trabajo ha experimentado desde la promulgación de dicha reforma. Más concretamente, el centro de atención consistirá en la derogación de los contratos de trabajo temporal de obras y servicios y la modificación del régimen legal de los ERTEs, junto con reformas sobre los contratos de trabajo fijos-discontinuos y convenios colectivos.
DEVELOPMENT OF TUTORIAL VIDEO FOR PALM OIL WASTE TREATMENT IN THE SUBJECT OF WORKSHOP AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Ramadhani Muhammad Arista , Adlim Adlim , Hanum Latifah
Published: March 2022

This study aims to develop, to analyze the feasibility, and to describe students' responses to the video tutorial learning media using the Sony Vegas Pro 13 software on palm oil waste processing material in the Craft material d. This type of research is research and development (Research and Development / RD). The video tutorial learning media developed in this study is the ADDIE model which has five stages, namely, (1) analysis, (2) design, (3) development (4) Implementation and (5 ) Evaluation. Data collection was carried out at SMA Negeri 1 Sampoiniet with 20 students taken from class X. The feasibility of video tutorial media was assessed by Experts at 93.18% and student responses to the video tutorial media developed were 91.8% each with a very good category. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the video tutorial media developed is very suitable for use in the learning process of waste treatment materials.
DEVELOPMENT OF BULLETIN AS A LEARNING MEDIA ON ELECTROLYTE AND NON-ELECTROLYTE SOLUTION MATERIALS IN CLASS X MAS DARUL IHSAN ACEH BESAR
Authors: Mabrura Wildan , Zulfadli Zulfadli , Hanum Latifah
Published: March 2022

This study aims to develop, analyze the feasibility and describe the responses of students and teachers according to the newsletter learning media on electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution material. This type of this research is (Research and Development/ RD). The newsletter learning media developed in this study according to ADDIE model which has five stages: (1) analysis, (2) design,(3) Development (4) Implementation and (5) Evaluation. This research was conducted at the school of  MAS Darul Ihsan Aceh Besar with 3 chemistry teachers and 31 students taken from class X. The appropriateness of the newsletter media was assessed by the research supervisor. The percentage of teacher and student responses to the newsletter media that was developed was 97.22% and 83.97%  with the very good category. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the developed newsletter media is very suitable for use in the learning process of electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution materials.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE TOGETHER LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' LEARNING OUTCOMES ON THE CONCEPT OF MOLECULAR GEOMETRY
Authors: Rusman Rusman , Vonna Reza Resita , Rahmayani Ratu Fazlia Inda
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze student learning outcomes, describe student activities and describe student responses after the application of the learning together model on the material of molecular form at SMA Negeri 1 Krueng Barona Jaya. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The population in this study were students of class X SMA Negeri 1 Krueng Barona Jaya. Data were collected by observing student activities, learning outcomes tests and filling out student response questionnaires. The results of the percentage of student activity from the first meeting to the third meeting in a row, namely 71%, 84% and 85% showed that the activity of students increased significantly. The percentages of learning outcomes at the first to third meetings were 67.50%, 77.50% and 87.50% which showed an increase and classical mastery achievement. Students showed a positive response to the application of the learning together model on the material in the form of molecules with a percentage of 94.07%. The learning together model can improve students' activities and learning outcomes. Students are enthusiastic in participating in learning using the learning together model and most of them give a positive response.
POTENTIAL ANALYSIS OF MOSQUE WUDHU WASTE AS A PICOHYDRO POWER PLANT
Authors: Nazla Cut Taffazani Fithrian , Lubis Syafrina Sari
Published: March 2022

Ablution is a ritual activity that is quite important in the implementation of prayer. The amount of waste water produced by Ablution activities is large and the reserves are abundant. It is estimated that in one month a mosque with 4325 visitors per week who performs ablution produces 86.5 m3/person/month of ablution waste. This potential waste can be used for various purposes such as watering plants, or aquaculture, and as a pico hydro power plant. The Pico hydro power plant is a term used for hydroelectric power generation capacities below 5 KVA or even smaller, ranging from 200-300 VA. Pico hydro can be generated from a turbine, which is rotated by the natural water flow at a minimum of one meter inclination, the power generated is not too large and is suitable for simple electrical equipment. Ablution waste has the potential to be developed as a pico hydro power plant.
External Relations of Russian Border Regions
Authors: Rustamova L. R.
Published: March 2022

Despite de-globalization, which has become a trend in recent years, a high degree of interdependence between countries remains in the world, and the solution of global problems through international cooperation of subnational units is in demand. Intrastate regions affect interstate relations by strengthening their cultural, trade, and economic ties, often contributing to the intensification of interstate dialogue. The article looks for the primary factors and features of international activity of Russia’s border regions as territories located near foreign states and which have the most significant number of “points of contact.” It also tries to assess their impact on Russia’s foreign policy. The study shows that Russian regions have recently gained some independence in their external relations and managed to acquire all the features of influential non-state actors, according to the theory of actorness by Russet and Star. They have become integrated into a wide variety of international structures, where they can implement joint infrastructure projects with foreign regions and develop local self-government. Russian border regions become active on the international stage when they have common socio-economic and security problems, ethno-confessional, and cultural-linguistic affinity with the regions of neighboring states, and when the federal center uses their regions for important geopolitical factors for the foreign policy of the federal center. Building close ties based on cultural, linguistic, and ethnic affinity, the Russian regions perform a “compensating function,” making up for the lack of mutual understanding at the level of bilateral relations. They also act as “diplomatic agents” of the federal center in international organizations which promote local-level democracy. Regions also have the potential to build up Russia’s “soft power.” Although cross-border cooperation implies some costs, which the federal authorities try to reduce through legal regulation, it is still widely supported by federal governments.
Relational inquiry: Seven years practicing seven relationships.
Authors: Lahood G.
Published: March 2022

Greetings from Byron Bay—what follows is a postcard version of a seven-year cycle of relational inquiry retrospectively nicknamed The Rainbow of Desire. I outline our practices, explore five basic fields in our approach to new paradigm research, and present an updated version of my seven relationships model as a heuristic for understanding and participating in relational inquiry. As a contemporary spiritual expression, with roots in the Greek-Socratic tradition of research, and informed by Gestalt practice (not psychotherapy), this account may also be of value for persons interested in further Gestalt-transpersonal inquiry, research, and learning.
An interview with John Heron: Exploring the interface between cooperative inquiry and transpersonal studies.
Authors: Heron J. , Sohmer O. R.
Published: March 2022

In this interview, John Heron—the founder of cooperative inquiry (CI; Heron, 1996, 1998)—discusses this experiential, participatory approach to research and learning with participatory research special issue guest editor Olga Sohmer. After presenting a summary of cooperative inquiry, Heron and Sohmer discuss CI in the context of transpersonal studies, including past and prospective future applications. Questioning the emphasis on “trans” in transpersonal, Heron unfolds the three dimensions of human spirituality that CI engages and offers a vision for transpersonal studies in light of CI ideals. Additional themes that are explored include cultivating authentic relationships in CI, the role of the nonhuman natural world in CI, practices based on CI principles that can be used in daily life, applying extended epistemology and radical assessment in education, self-generating culture, and the role of CI in human evolution.
Inspecting current cybersecurity status and new trends in Hungary
Authors: Hadarics Kálmán
Published: March 2022

In the 21st century online services became standard way to handle our affairs every day. The digital revolution and usage of smart devices made possible the existence of new type of cybersecurity threats. The malware distribution and their impact are constantly changing. The primary goal of cybersecurity attacks is catching sensitive data and business benefit. Instead of hobby hacking well organized cybercrime groups carry out the most offense. Computer Security Incident Response Teams (CSIRTs) must handle security incidents for e-Government information systems appropriately. This is extremely important if we want to mitigate the impact of a cybersecurity threat.
In this paper, I will examine the available statistical data and reports of Government Incident Response Team of Hungary. Analyzing this information will point out what are the new trends of threats and malware. This paper also presents the findings gained from processed data.
Cybersecurity in the V4 Countries – A cross-border case study
Authors: Tikos Anita , Krasznay Csaba
Published: March 2022

Information sharing is one of the major issues in cybersecurity nowadays. Although it is essential for all players in the cyberspace to get relevant information on the latest threats but giving such threat intelligence for others is not as easy as it seems. Obviously, there are national rules and regulations that make this difficult, but the lack of trust between the different entities is also a challenge, especially when such data should cross the borders. The Visegrad 4 countries started an exemplary cooperation under the name of Central European Cyber Security Platform or CECSP a few years ago that can serve as a case study for similar multilateral initiatives. In this paper, we present the history of this cooperation, the actual achievements and difficulties in practice. Besides the literature review, we also highlight our thoughts of from the practitioners’ approach as we are participating in the daily operative collaboration. Based on the findings we propose some steps how these countries should go beyond the actual results.
Digitisation and system integration in the public sector – Consequences for teaching
Authors: Müller-Török Robert , Prosser Alexander , Schenk Birgit
Published: March 2022

The digitisation of public sector ICT is driven by a number of factors, which are not altogether dissimilar from the private industries: Increased self-service via the Internet, the Internet of Things (IoT), real-time business intelligence and the advent of integrated information systems as the “backbone” of organisational ICT. This fundamentally changes the landscape of public sector ICT. Particularly the smart cities concept has become a main driver of this evolution, whereby the smart cities concept heavily relies on an intelligent infrastructure that is the large-scale application of IoT.
However, how does this translate into public sector-oriented education? This paper presents a university level teaching programme that covers the topics of integrated information systems for the environment described above. The paper deals with the research question how to embed such a programme in a conventional public sector-oriented university course programme. It details the didactic specificities and analyses the feedback from the roll out. It also analyses the prior knowledge required from students and the changes in other elements of a public administration course programme necessitated by a digitisation orientation.
Public Financing beyond participatory budgeting: The quantum budget
Authors: Paulin Alois
Published: March 2022

The idea of so-called “Participatory Budgeting” (PB) has recently re-entered the modern political discourse. Major metropoles, such as New York, are making progress beyond mere piloting by paving the road for mandatory PB with new legislation, while communities of various sizes and politicians of various ranks all around the world aim to follow suit in an attempt to maintain an image of democratic progress. This paper shall scrutinize PB and provide a critique of PB from the perspective of democratic innovation. Another concept for increasing democratic power of citizens shall be described – the Quantum Budget. The Quantum Budget is an innovative way of funding communal projects that bases on Liquid Democracy. The paper will compare the Quantum Budget to Participatory Budgeting and provide a discussion on their potentials and weaknesses.
Education in Cybersecurity
Authors: Bulai Rodica , Țurcanu Dinu , Ciorbă Dumitru
Published: March 2022

The article addresses education as the smartest investment in cybersecurity. One of the most intriguing findings is that 95% of security incidents involve human errors. Most security attacks are concerned with human weakness to attract victims and persuade them to give involuntary access to personal and sensitive information. To eliminate errors caused by social engineering and negligence and to increase users’ awareness of the threats, technologies and services should be combined with education. Education in the field of cybersecurity is a necessary consideration for both individuals and families, as well as for businesses, governments and educational institutions.
For families and parents, the online safety of children is of major importance. Equally essential is the protection of information that might affect your personal finances, and precious family assets, such as photos, videos etc.
For educational institutions, it is important to understand the link between the online world and the "real" one. Teachers, staff, students, tutors, pupils, etc. should be trained in appropriate on-line behavior to reduce vulnerabilities and create a safer online environment.
A better awareness through security education can help enterprises protect their intellectual property and ensure availability of services.
Governments hold an enormous amount of personal data and records of their citizens, as well as confidential government information, which most often serves as a target for attack. Only through education and awareness, the confidence in public services can be gained. Cybersecurity depends on education.
Research data in the context of open science: Case study of the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Rusu Andrei , Turcan Nelly , Cujba Rodica , Grecu Mihai
Published: March 2022

At present, there are important changes in scientific research, changes that concern both the organization, realization and evaluation of research, as well as the use and dissemination of scientific results. These changes that are characteristic to the Open Science phenomenon are determined by the development of new technologies, by increasing the social role of scientific research in an institutional and political context. The Open Science concept represents a new approach to the way in which scientific research based on cooperation and new ways of disseminating knowledge is carried out and organized, using new digital technologies, new tools for collaboration, and RDI infrastructure to ensure open access to research data.
The paper presents the results of the study on mapping research data in the Republic of Moldova. The study is based on results of two surveys conducted in January-February 2016 and May-July 2018. The research has highlighted the general concern of RDI actors about the retention and use of scientific data. A new challenge is needed to solve scientific data issues by creating new type of infrastructure to ensure data archiving, broad access for the purpose of their dissemination and reuse, and thus creating new research opportunities based on research data.
Public institutions in the social media arena: Searching for citizens’ attention. Zoom on Romania’s particularities
Authors: Urs Nicolae
Published: March 2022

Social media is taking up increasingly more space in the government’s media toolbox. In Romania, both local and central public organizations are getting savvier in communicating through these channels, intuitively thought of as the playground of teens and startups. By analyzing the social media pages of some of the more active (on social media) Romanian public institutions, and by interviewing the people in charge with the their online communication, we tried to find the amount importance these new forms of communication are given by the public sector - usually seen as more cumbersome and slower to adapt to changing media landscapes. One other goal was to find out how formalized the role of ‘online media communicator’ is in the Romanian public administration.
The hashtag as a tool to set up a governmental agenda
Authors: Ruano Stefanía Agila
Published: March 2022

ICTs are accelerators and amplifiers of change. They are redefining how we interact with each other and the world around us, a specific application is social media, which facilitate real-time communications, data exchange and immediate feedback by institutions to stakeholders and viceversa. In order to apply the principle of inclusiveness, the current Ecuadorian administration, with 18 months in the power, has adopted the slogan "the government of all" to spread their activities through the public administration institutions. One of its main communication channels is social media through the microblogging platform of Twitter. Where public institutions and political leaders are sharing their daily activities through posts, videos, images and so on.
The main purpose of this paper is to identify in Twitter during the period of 30 days (October 2018) how often is used the hashtag #ElGobiernoDeTodos (translation, The government of All) for which Ecuadorian institutions, in what contexts, and in what type of themes. As well as recognize if there are persistent themes into the analyzed posts to assume whether there is an agenda through that or it is just an individual effort from every institution to fulfill their communications need for sharing information.
LibreOffice in public service: First impression of the future users
Authors: Berényi László , Sasvári Péter László
Published: March 2022

There are definite intentions and efforts for spreading open source office software in the Hungarian public service. However, LibreOffice offers almost the same functionality than Microsoft Office, document compatibility may be problematic, and both the appearance and the access to a part of functions are different. Even a partial changeover raises several challenges concerning technical issues, system safety, and users’ education.
This paper investigates the users’ opinions about LibreOffice Writer. The target audience is the higher education students as the future users of the software. The research method includes a (1) preliminary survey about the computer usage habits, (2) preparing a two-page document including typing, text-formatting, tables and diagrams, (3) and a final evaluation survey about the experiences. The goal of the study is collecting information about the opinions and impressions about working with LibreOffice Writer. Exploring the user profiles and the critical issues are important for establishing effective training programs.
Results show that the involved students feel using LibreOffice more difficult than Microsoft Word. However, the similar surface and functions are available, the deviation from the usual increases the time need and decreases personal satisfaction. Targeted training is necessary for supporting the implementation intentions including developing higher education programs.
Challenges in the comparative analysis of developments of the public administrations – The case of Hungary
Authors: Bojtor András , Bozsó Gábor
Published: March 2022

Several reforms were introduced in the Hungarian public administration in the last decade that reshaped both the local and central governance levels. A well-functioning administration with embedded institutions enables the formulation of a competitive environment that favorably effects the country’s economic growth. The projects of the reform program are partly financed by the European Union’s Cohesion Funds through the Hungarian Public Administration and Civil Service Development Operation Programme. Hungary is committed to attain a good state through good governance and devoted to implement a results-oriented approach in its policy cycles. The international indexes providing comparisons among public administrations of different countries cannot fully and in detail reflect the results and impact of executed projects. As a response to the need for continuous monitoring based on data, the Hungarian Government introduced a unique pilot evidence-based assessment framework connected to the selected projects of the Hungarian Public Administration and Civil Service Development Operation Programme. The institutional framework is provided by the National University of Public Service, utilizing the advantage of its research and professional expertise. The results and impacts are measured and continuously monitored both at project and national levels. The steady monitoring and data gathering provides a good basis for a comprehensive evaluation and further policy-making.
Research ethics: Realities and perspectives (the case of the Republic of Moldova)
Authors: Onofrei Aliona , Duhlicher Olga
Published: March 2022

Every scientific research activity involves responsibility on several levels: scientific, moral, social, political, etc. The researcher conducting a research is directly responsible for the results of the research. The central element of any ethics of scientific research activity is the researcher's responsibility towards his work, but above all the results of the scientific activity. The researcher must justify the research, justify the usefulness and validity of the results obtained, try to bring a benefit to society through his research. In view of these aspects, any scientific research should be subject to moral censorship.
In this context, this article aims to present the current situation in the field of ethics and deontology of scientific research in the Republic of Moldova, identifying the progress made by the country in this respect, the existing deficiencies in the field, as well as designing the solutions for the identified problems.
Digital competences for the Police - A new ECDL
Authors: Bieber Ronald
Published: March 2022

In the last year topics, such as Big data, data analytics and GDPR became more and more popular. However, companies – especially SMEs - and also the public sector have difficulties in dealing with these topics, which on the one hand might change the daily operative business or even their whole business process.
Nevertheless digital competences are still not well spread among the citizen. The Austrian Computer Society (OCG) therefore tries to enhance digital skills by several activities. One of the most important initiatives is the European Computer Driving Licence (ECDL) or currently being renamed to European Certificate for Digital Literacy, which celebrated last years its 20th anniversary.
Since 2018 every upcoming police-man /woman will receive the ECDL certificate during his/her three years apprenticeship focusing on IT security, computational thinking and basic digital literacy knowledge
An overview of information systems and data handling of Hungarian living communities from the perspective of General Data Protection Regulation requirements and information security
Authors: Som Zoltán , Polgár Zoltán
Published: March 2022

There are multiple challenges present in the daily lives of living communities regarding legal and organizational matters, as well as issues concerning information technology and informational security, which demand a constant search for appropriate solutions. Reviewing these issues is especially important in Hungary, where one-fifth of the population lives in facilities that are maintained by the community itself. Moreover, the trends of the current real estate market point towards a rise in these numbers. Throughout our research, we have examined current Hungarian legal practices regarding data handling and information security. The central focus of our inquiry was to determine the typical behaviour of Hungarian officials working with, handling, storing and processing data of the country’s living communities. This study analyses market solutions for these condominium buildings to comply with the legal requirements and also reviews the legal and economic limitations of such practices. Special attention is devoted to the handling and processing of personal data, with an emphasis on forecasted trends of cyber threat in 2018.
The central subjects of our study, then, are legislative practices relevant for living communities, the protection of personal data, and information security issues in general. Thus, we examine the typical and most widespread software solutions deployed by resident managers, while also shedding light, with empirical research methods, on the level of data protection in such software packages. Since barrier-free access to information on condominium resident managers and communities themselves, as well as annual financial reports will be mandatory from January 1, 2019, resulting in the creation of a national register for resident managers, we extend our inquiry to the relationship between public administration bureaus and such living communities in the predictive section of our study.
The impact of the Council of Europe Recommendation CM/REC (2017)5 on eVoting protocols
Authors: Bagnato Domenica
Published: March 2022

Evoting systems are defined by the protocol system employed and two such protocols are the Envelope and Token protocols. On the 14 June 2017, the Council of Europe passed its recommendations for evoting systems for elections and referendums, which define requirements for the core functioning of an evoting system. This paper assesses these two main protocols and assesses their viability in context of the Recommendations.
Who cares about digital literacy of 54+ citizens?!
Authors: Zdjelar Robertina
Published: March 2022

Nowadays, information about mostly any social, commercial, public or cultural activity is available on the Internet. If it is not, it does not exist. The age of digital transformation, digital society and digital economy is characterised by e-activities, e-events and e-services. The focus of ICT developers and experts is on how to transform regular services to digital ones, as well as on how to develop protocols for communication machine to machine (Big Data for Smart City concepts). They succeeded; they found a way to apply those concepts to a wide area of social and commercial matters. But, what about citizens? Who cares about their ability to use all the e-services available today and the opportunity to be present at all e-events and e-activities? Availability of information and services to all citizens is a basic human right. The ability to use them and the chance to acquire that ability must also be an elementary human right. The author of this article wonders whether this really is the case. This article presents the facts about digital literacy and e-inclusion of 54+ citizens, especially senior citizens, which can be found in official statistical databases (EUROSTAT or the Croatian Bureau of Statistics). The author also talks about different approaches to raising the digital literacy rate of 54+ citizens. The third part focuses on public resources that could be used in the process of conducting a systematic programme and in making suggestions for further steps in achieving the general goal - increasing the number of users of e-services.
Agility in public administration – is agility a possibility and where are its limits?
Authors: Anders Nadine , Schenk Birgit
Published: March 2022

Digitalization offers a variety of advantages: speed, efficiency and agility [1]. Its goal is to speed up workflow processes, to give the employees more time to focus on important work and to provide them with the opportunity to be agile in order to meet new expectations, new requirements and new trends. Besides speed and efficiency, agility is one of the most important goals because it is an answer to the requirements of a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous environment – the so called VUCA world. [2] In the private sector the concept of agility has already proved to be an answer to rapid change and volatility but is it also a concept for Public Administration with its own special requirements of stability and continuity as well? This paper tries to answer this question and to work out the limits of the new concept considering agile methods and agile organizational elements.
Business Perceptions of e-Government Services in Hungary
Authors: Bojtor András
Published: March 2022

The outbreak of Covid-19 pandemic emphasized the importance of electronic governance. Citizens and business actors, two main groups of electronic public administration service users, can effectively and without any personal contacts handle their official duties with public administration bodies. E-governance improves efficiency, transparency and generates economic growth. Perceptions of end-users about services influence their willingness of use, satisfactions and also determine the chosen channel (personal, online, phone) to administer. In general, the main focus of analyzing satisfaction with e-government services is on citizens and business actors are pushed into the background. This paper analyses the satisfaction of business actors with public administration services. Hungarian small and medium enterprises are responsible for the majority of employment in Hungary. Their competitiveness and improving innovation ability are key to break out of the middle-income trap. According to the international comparisons, Hungary is lagging behind in performance of e-governmental services. Based on the survey with 1270 entries, Hungarian businesses are mainly satisfied with public administration services. Further improvements in the quality of public administration services can be carried out based on the evaluation of businesses’ perception.
In the Wake of Algorithmic Decision Making: Mapping AI-related Advancements in the Hungarian Public Sector
Authors: Csótó Mihály , Rupp Zoltán , Petényi Sára
Published: March 2022

Utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) is among the most substantial challenges of our time, raising numerous issues concerning work organization, technology implementation, legal and ethical issues. This is especially true in public administration when it comes to the systems that support the operation of public services. The paper begins with a review of the various uses of artificial intelligence in public administration (starting from the observation that in many cases the different issues of process automation and predictive algorithms-backed decision support systems are not clearly separated), followed by a discussion of the dilemmas and problems which must be dealt with. After drawing a theoretical framework, the research reviews the systems currently employed by the Hungarian public administration and those planned to be introduced in the near future. Finally, the authors evaluate different aspects of the widespread use of algorithmic decision making in the Hungarian public administration in the future, with special emphasis on the integration of AI-developments in public administration development policy documents, the organizational and legal components, and the potential general acceptance of such AI-based public services.
Issues of Legal Regulation of Hungarian Higher Education IT Systems
Authors: Koczka Ferenc
Published: March 2022

The operation of IT systems of Hungarian higher education institutions is governed only by general law. These institutions have a large amount of personal, economic and research data. The management of these organizations is defined by internal regulations which are not controlled in terms of form or substance. As a consequence, the security of Hungarian higher education IT systems currently varies from institution to institution. Internationally, the first step in the legislative regulation of higher education systems was published in the United States in 2004, followed by only general rules from European legislators. In recent years, however, this situation has changed, and in several countries, including Hungary, the extension of the legislation on state institutions to higher education systems has begun. At present this has manifested in placing of research institutes under national security protection. In the light of international trends and Hungarian development, it is expected that this process will continue.
One possible way to raise the IT security level is to place higher education institutions under Act L. of 2013. This, in addition to not being a simple process, would create a serious financial burden for the maintainer and would have a noticeable impact on institutional autonomy, teaching and research freedom. There is currently no public source of information on IT incidents or their success and management in higher education IT systems in Hungary. In my presentation, I review the IT data assets of Hungarian higher education and based on my personal experience, I give an overview of IT attacks on the sector and a what can be expected based on changes in the L. Law of 2013.
New Degree Tracking Methods in Hungary
Authors: Keresztes Anita Czucziné
Published: March 2022

According to the Zoltan Magyary Program for the Development of Public Administration in 2012 the institution of civil servants’ training and further training has started, called the National University of Public Service (NUPS). The mid-term vision of the Institutional Development Plan is to make NUPS: a solid training and research base of the development of Hungarian public service and of public service career model It is important for NUPS how develops the feedback of its graduates on the academic years. Within the framework of the Graduate Career Tracking System (GCTS), research is carried out via questionnaires, whose completion is voluntary, among the current students and alumni with a degree no more than 5 years old. One of the purposes of the GCTS is to improve the University’s standards of service and education. The willingness of respondents is low from year to year, so the result of the questionnaire is lower than expected.
The purpose of the study is to present a method to better track the opinions, experiences and placement parameters of graduate students. This new method helps to evaluate the results of the questionnaire more widely. this will allow the university to develop the institution more effectively.
Network Security Threats to Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Arina Alexei
Published: March 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has significantly changed the way higher education institutions (HEIs) operate around the world. Distance learning has become the unique opportunity that the process further education in conditions where most economic activities were put on hold. To ensure the quality of distance learning have been implemented and used extensively online learning platforms, applications, video conferencing and cloud computing facilities in HEIs. However, this has increased the threats to information security, so that in 2020, in the field of education in general, and HEIs in particular, the number of cyber-attacks has increased, which has led to significant financial losses but also to activity interruption and theft of personal data or intellectual property. In order to identify the biggest threats of the 2020 year, for HEIs, several security reports and scientific articles related to the studied field were analyzed, in order to identify the most common security threats. As a result, of the research conducted, the top Cyber threats of HEIs are: malware attacks, DoS / DDos attacks and phishing attacks. Securing university networks in 2020 was a challenge for specialists in this field.
Ready to Learn Online? Lessons from the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey
Authors: Gessler Helin Alagöz
Published: March 2022

This paper deals with the impact of Turkey’s shift to remote learning after being hit by the Covid-19 crisis. It focuses on Turkey’s official digital education platform, namely the Education Information Network (EBA), which is used to continue primary, secondary and high school education uninterruptedly during the lockdowns.
The paper investigates the impact of online learning by looking at the issue from the perspective of the government as well as the perspective of the stakeholders, which are directly or indirectly affected by the change from face-to-face to online learning. It asks to what extent the government could pursue an inclusive education policy during the crisis.
As for the methodology, the paper employs document analysis and qualitative interviewing. The data are gathered from official state documents and a series of semi-structured interviews which were conducted with K-12 school teachers, students and parents in Turkey in January 2021.
The paper argues that Turkey could achieve the goal of maintaining the educational services during the crisis with its existing digital infrastructure. However, it is significant to overcome the digital divide for the empowerment of the ICT-based distance learning and the achievement of an egalitarian and inclusive education.
Recommendations for a Sustainable Public Administration
Authors: Nick-Magin Stefanie
Published: March 2022

Social, political and economic crises are caused by a complex system of underlying factors. Among those, in many cases two problematic factors play a fatal role in damaging the sustainable outcome of work-processes and on the long run in even causing catastrophic events like the COVID-19 crisis: the lack of the ability to cooperate and egoistic thinking. As an important institutional actor, public administration is deeply involved in those interdependencies. The following article firstly focuses on the general conditions for cooperation among individuals and organizational sustainability. From an interdisciplinary point of view, it describes research approaches of psychology, economics and ethical leadership. And secondly it deals with the question what kind of options exist, to maintain and support intra-organizational and customer-oriented empathy and procedural fairness as cooperation’s inevitable bases during this global crisis in which most interactions and administrative processes are limited to digitalized communication and meetings. The article combines the findings from the first part with new approaches from administrative practice, e-government and public administration theory. It tries to outline basic ideas to maintain a fair working culture and a professional service for citizens and to react to the risks of accelerated digitization.
Cohesion Policy as a Driver to Promote Good Governance in the EU Member States
Authors: Zimmermann Daniel
Published: March 2022

The quality of public institutions has a major impact on the social and economic development within the EU member states. Regions with high government effectiveness, low corruption and highquality public services tend to have higher outcomes in economic performance and social inclusion. In case of EU cohesion policy funding, the Seventh Cohesion Report published by the European Commission in 2017 demonstrates that regions with weak institutions have difficulties in absorbing regional development influences effectively and using the European structural funds properly in order to promote growth. The European Commission has recently set out several initiatives to strengthen good governance and administrative capacity building to improve the management of the European structural funds. This paper will scrutinize whether the cohesion policy implies proper instruments to promote good governance.