bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dimethyl Sulfide is a Chemical Attractant for Reef Fish Larvae
Authors: Foretich Matthew A. , Paris Claire B. , Grosell Martin , Stieglitz John D. , Benetti Daniel D.
Published: May 2017

Transport of coral reef fish larvae is driven by advection in ocean currents and larval swimming. However, for swimming to be advantageous, larvae must use external stimuli as guides. One potential stimulus is “odor” emanating from settlement sites (e.g., coral reefs), signaling the upstream location of desirable settlement habitat. However, specific chemicals used by fish larvae have not been identified. Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is produced in large quantities at coral reefs and may be important in larval orientation. In this study, a choice-chamber (shuttle box) was used to assess preference of 28 pre-settlement stage larvae from reef fish species for seawater with DMS. Swimming behavior was examined by video-tracking of larval swimming patterns in control and DMS seawater. We found common responses to DMS across reef fish taxa - a preference for water with DMS and change in swimming behavior - reflecting a switch to “exploratory behavior”. An open water species displayed no response to DMS. Affinity for and swimming response to DMS would allow a fish larva to locate its source and enhance its ability to find settlement habitat. Moreover, it may help them locate prey accumulating in fronts, eddies, and thin layers, where DMS is also produced.
Thalamic Bursts Down-regulate Cortical Theta and Nociceptive Behavior
Authors: LeBlanc Brian W. , Cross Brent , Smith Kelsey A. , Roach Catherine , Xia Jimmy , Chao Yu-Chieh , Levitt Joshua , Koyama Suguru , Moore Christopher I. , Saab Carl Y.
Published: May 2017

We tested the relation between pain behavior, theta (4–8 Hz) oscillations in somatosensory cortex and burst firing in thalamic neurons in vivo. Optically-induced thalamic bursts attenuated cortical theta and mechanical allodynia. It is proposed that thalamic bursts are an adaptive response to pain that de-synchronizes cortical theta and decreases sensory salience.
Acquiring multiple signals along with the reaction time: improving recognition capability of a multidimensional colorimetric sensor array for sensitive protein detection
Authors: Yang Jiaoe , He Liuying , Lu Yuexiang , Gao Xinxin , Wang Feiyang , Jing Wenjie , Liu Yueying
Published: May 2017

Signal changes along with catalytic reaction time improve the protein discrimination ability of the sensor array based on AuNP–DNA conjugates.
Emerging strategies in near-infrared light triggered drug delivery using organic nanomaterials
Authors: Chin Ai Lin , Zhong Yongliang , Tong Rong
Published: May 2017

Near-infrared light has significant advantages for light-triggered drug delivery systems within deep tissues.
A wash-free SNAP-tag fluorogenic probe based on the additive effects of quencher release and environmental sensitivity
Authors: Leng Shuang , Qiao Qinglong , Miao Lu , Deng Wuguo , Cui Jingnan , Xu Zhaochao
Published: May 2017

A 1,8-naphthalimide-derived SNAP-tag fluorogenic probe can specifically and rapidly label proteins in live cells without requiring a wash procedure.
Copper-catalyzed acyltrifluoromethylation of alkenes: rapid access to trifluoroethyl indanones and related compounds
Authors: Liu Zhicheng , Bai Yihui , Zhang Jian , Yu Yongqi , Tan Ze , Zhu Gangguo
Published: May 2017

Copper-catalyzed acyltrifluoromethylation of alkenes is described, affording trifluoroethyl indanones and related cyclic ketones in promising yields with excellent diastereoselectivity.
Relaxation-encoded NMR experiments for mixture analysis: REST and beer
Authors: Dal Poggetto G. , Castañar L. , Adams R. W. , Morris G. A. , Nilsson M.
Published: May 2017

A new family of NMR experiments for mixture analysis (Relaxation-Encoded Selective TOCSY, REST) allows the extraction of component subspectra from mixtures.
On the outside looking in: rethinking the molecular mechanism of 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions from the perspective of bonding evolution theory. The reaction between cyclic nitrones and ethyl acrylate
Authors: Adjieufack A. I. , Ndassa I. M. , Patouossa I. , Mbadcam J. K. , Safont V. S. , Oliva M. , Andrés J.
Published: May 2017

Understanding the molecular mechanism of 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions using the bonding evolution theory.
Ultrafast energy transfer within the photosystem II core complex
Authors: Pan Jie , Gelzinis Andrius , Chorošajev Vladimir , Vengris Mikas , Senlik S. Seckin , Shen Jian-Ren , Valkunas Leonas , Abramavicius Darius , Ogilvie Jennifer P.
Published: May 2017

Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy of the photosystem II core complex reveals rapid energy transfer that can be explained through excitonic-polaron formation.
Paramagnetic ionic plastic crystals containing the octamethylferrocenium cation: counteranion dependence of phase transitions and crystal structures
Authors: Mochida Tomoyuki , Ishida Mai , Tominaga Takumi , Takahashi Kazuyuki , Sakurai Takahiro , Ohta Hitoshi
Published: May 2017

Octamethylferrocenium salts with various anions exhibit paramagnetic plastic phases at or above room temperature.
Initial hydration processes of magnesium chloride: size-selected anion photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations
Authors: Feng Gang , Liu Cheng-Wen , Zeng Zhen , Hou Gao-Lei , Xu Hong-Guang , Zheng Wei-Jun
Published: May 2017

Separation of Cl−–Mg2+ ion pairs starts at n = 4 in MgCl2(H2O)n− anions and at n = 7 in neutral MgCl2(H2O)n.
Co-based nanowire films as complementary hydrogen- and oxygen-evolving electrocatalysts in neutral electrolyte
Authors: Zhang Ling , Xie Lisi , Ma Min , Qu Fengli , Du Gu , Asiri Abdullah M. , Chen Liang , Sun Xuping
Published: May 2017

The Co2N nanowire film on a Ti mesh (Co2N/TM) and Co-phosphate nanowire film on a Ti mesh (Co–Pi/TM) act as complementary water-splitting electrocatalysts with strong durability in 1.0 M PBS, affording 10 mA cm−2 at 1.78 V.
Controllable construction of half-sandwich octanuclear complexes based on pyridyl-substituted ligands with conjugated centers
Authors: Guo Bei-Bei , Lin Yue-Jian , Jin Guo-Xin
Published: May 2017

Based on three tetradentate ligands with conjugated centers, seven half-sandwich octanuclear complexes were selectively obtained. Several subsequent structural conversions were also successfully conducted.
Ionic liquid promotes N2 coordination to titanocene(iii) monochloride
Authors: Katayama Akira , Inomata Tomohiko , Ozawa Tomohiro , Masuda Hideki
Published: May 2017

Coordination of N2 to [(Cp2TiCl)2] in a non-coordinating ionic liquid, Pyr4FAP, was studied by UV-vis/NIR and EPR spectroscopies.
Structural transformation of selenidostannates from 1D to 0D and 2D via a stepwise amine-templated assembly strategy
Authors: Hu Dandan , Zhang Yingying , Yang Huajun , Lin Jian , Wu Tao
Published: May 2017

An interesting structural transformation of multidimensional selenidostannates induced through a stepwise amine-templated assembly strategy.
A cationic aluminium complex: an efficient mononuclear main-group catalyst for the cyanosilylation of carbonyl compounds
Authors: Sharma Mahendra Kumar , Sinhababu Soumen , Mukherjee Goutam , Rajaraman Gopalan , Nagendran Selvarajan
Published: May 2017

Main-group catalysis: A cationic aluminium complex supported by a semi-bulky aminotroponate ligand was synthesized. It functioned as an excellent catalyst of the cyanosilylation of carbonyl compounds using TMSCN.
A field analysis of lampricide photodegradation in Great Lakes tributaries
Authors: McConville Megan B. , Cohen Natan M. , Nowicki Shawn M. , Lantz Stephen R. , Hixson Jase L. , Ward Adam S. , Remucal Christina K.
Published: May 2017

Field measurements, laboratory experiments, and kinetic modeling demonstrate that photodegradation of lampricides is limited in Great Lake tributaries.
Calibration-free quantitative analysis of thin-film oxide layers in semiconductors using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)
Authors: Davari Seyyed Ali , Hu Sheng , Pamu Ravi , Mukherjee Dibyendu
Published: May 2017

Calibration-free LIBS for quantitative analysis of thin film layers for metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) applications.
Sessile droplets for chemical and biological assays
Authors: Garcia-Cordero Jose L. , Fan Z. Hugh
Published: May 2017

We review the advantages of sessile-droplet-based assay platforms and highlight their applications in analyte enrichment, cell/particle separation, and DNA analysis.
Fluorescence properties of p-tert-butyldihomooxacalix[4]arene derivatives and the effect of anion complexation
Authors: Miranda Alexandre S. , Martelo Liliana M. , Fedorov Alexander A. , Berberan-Santos Mário N. , Marcos Paula M.
Published: May 2017

The intrinsic electronic absorption and fluorescence properties of several dihomooxacalix[4]arenes are studied.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamides and their zinc(ii) complexes as candidate antidiabetic agents
Authors: Saito Ryota , Tamura Moe , Kawano Saya , Yoshikawa Yutaka , Kato Akihiro , Sasaki Kaname , Yasui Hiroyuki
Published: May 2017

Five new zinc(ii) complexes with 4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxamides were synthesized, and four of them exhibited insulin-mimetic activity in vitro.
Magnetic skyrmions without the skyrmion Hall effect in a magnetic nanotrack with perpendicular anisotropy
Authors: Zhang Yue , Luo Shijiang , Yan Baiqian , Ou-Yang Jun , Yang Xiaofei , Chen Shi , Zhu Benpeng , You Long
Published: May 2017

Anisotropy engineering was exploited to prevent the skyrmion Hall effect that is bad for application in memory.
A facile strategy for manipulating micellar size and morphology through intramolecular cross-linking of amphiphilic block copolymers
Authors: Tanaka Ryoto , Watanabe Kodai , Yamamoto Takuya , Tajima Kenji , Isono Takuya , Satoh Toshifumi
Published: May 2017

The effect of intramolecular cross-linking on aqueous self-assembly behavior was systematically investigated based on an amphiphilic block copolymer system.
Rhodium-catalyzed malonation of 2-arylquinazolines with 2-diazomalonates: double C–H functionalization
Authors: Zhang Zhipeng , Jiang Xin , Deng Zhihong , Wang Heng , Huang Jian , Peng Yiyuan
Published: May 2017

Herein, rhodium-catalyzed malonation of 2-arylquinazolines with diazomalonates was described.
Self-template synthesis of ATiO3 (A = Ba, Pb and Sr) perovskites for photocatalytic removal of NO
Authors: Cai Shiyi , Yu Shan , Wan Wenchao , Wen Wen , Zhou Ying
Published: May 2017

ATiO3 were synthesized from TiO2 nanosheets dominated with {001} facets, PbTiO3 possesses the highest activity as a result of larger light response and higher charge separation efficiency.
Chirality-mediated enhancement of nitric oxide release and regulation of endothelial cells behaviors by cystine immobilization on Ti–O films
Authors: Weng Yajun , Wu Sisi , Fan Yonghong , Han Honghong , Wang Hong , Huang Nan
Published: May 2017

NO release inducing by regulated by surface chirality have significant effects on endothelial cells.
Recent progress in ergot alkaloid research
Authors: Chen Jing-Jing , Han Meng-Yao , Gong Ting , Yang Jin-Ling , Zhu Ping
Published: May 2017

Ergot alkaloids are a class of indole derivatives produced by the genera of Ascomycota includingClaviceps,Aspergillus,Penicillium, andEpichloë.
Enhanced activity of CuO/K2CO3/MgAl2O4catalyst for lean NOxstorage and reduction at high temperatures
Authors: Liu Yaoyao , Guo Lihong , Zhao Dongyue , Li Xingang , Gao Zhongnan , Ding Tong , Tian Ye , Jiang Zheng
Published: May 2017

The CuO/K2CO3/MgAl2O4catalyst can store and reduce NOxefficiently in alternative lean/rich atmospheres at high operating temperatures.
A new light triggered approach to develop a micro porous tough hydrogel
Authors: Dou Qingqing , Low Zhi Wei Kenny , Zhang Kangyi , Loh Xian Jun
Published: May 2017

A porous tough hydrogel (alginate–polyacrylamide) is successfully synthesized using a photo-gelling polymer as a templating agent.
Coating of Pd/C catalysts with Lewis-acidic ionic liquids and liquid coordination complexes – SCILL induced activity enhancement in arene hydrogenation
Authors: Lijewski Martin , Hogg James M. , Swadźba-Kwaśny Małgorzata , Wasserscheid Peter , Haumann Marco
Published: May 2017

Acid doping – coating of Pd/C catalysts with Lewis-acidic liquid films results in increased hydrogenation activity at very mild reaction conditions.
Proteomic study of the effect of different cooking methods on protein oxidation in fish fillets
Authors: Hu Lyulin , Ren Sijie , Shen Qing , Chen Jianchu , Ye Xingqian , Ling Jiangang
Published: May 2017

The effect of cooking methods on protein oxidation in fish was studied; MS-based proteomics was utilized to map the residue modifications.
3D nanostructured WO3/BiVO4 heterojunction derived from Papilio paris for efficient water splitting
Authors: Yin Chao , Zhu Shenmin , Zhang Di
Published: May 2017

We report on a novel butterfly wing-like WO3/BiVO4 heterojunction for photocatalytic water splitting, in which BiVO4 is the primary visible light-absorber and WO3 acts as an electron conductor.
Phase evolution and microwave dielectric properties of ceramics with nominal composition Li2x(Zn0.95Co0.05)2−xSiO4 for LTCC applications
Authors: Du Xiangyu , Su Hua , Zhang Huaiwu , Liu Xiuting , Tang Xiaoli
Published: May 2017

Phase evolution, microstructures and the optimal x value of ceramics with nominal composition Li2x(Zn0.95Co0.05)2−xSiO4 were investigated.
Luminescence properties and its red shift of blue-emitting phosphor Na3YSi3O9:Ce3+for UV LED
Authors: Wang Fei , Wang Wanrong , Zhang Liangliang , Zheng Jinju , Jin Ye , Zhang Jiahua
Published: May 2017

A series of Na3YSi3O9:Ce3+phosphors have been synthesizedviaa conventional high temperature solid-state reaction. The emission red shift has been observed and explained by combining the centroid shift and crystal field splitting.
Synthesis of aluminum complexes supported by 2-(1,10-phenanthrolin-2-yl)phenolate ligands and their catalysis in the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters
Authors: Zheng Xiang-Xin , Wang Zhong-Xia
Published: May 2017

Phenanthroline-phenolate based N,N,O-chelate aluminum complexes were demonstrated to catalyze the ROP of ε-caprolactone, rac-lactide, and rac-β-butyrolactone, as well as their block copolymerization.
Effects of oxygen-deficiency on crystal structure, dielectric and ferroelectric properties in Sr5SmTi3+2xNb7−2xO30−x with tungsten bronze structure
Authors: Deng Bao Li , Zhu Xiao Li , Liu Xiao Qiang , Chen Xiang Ming
Published: May 2017

Oxygen-deficient tungsten bronze ceramics Sr5SmTi3+2xNb7−2xO30−x are prepared. The oxygen deficiency results in three orders of incommensurate superlattice and weakened ferroelectricity.
Imidazolium-functionalized anion exchange membranes using poly(ether sulfone)s as macrocrosslinkers for fuel cells
Authors: Huang Xiao Ling , Lin Chen Xiao , Hu En Ning , Soyekwo Faizal , Zhang Qiu Gen , Zhu Ai Mei , Liu Qing Lin
Published: May 2017

The incompatibility of the hydrophilic imidazolium cations from the functionalized poly(vinyl imidazole) with the long hydrophobic poly(ether sulfone) chain promoted the phase separation. The PES/PVIIL-0.4 membrane displayed good single cell performance.
Uniformly-distributed Sb nanoparticles in ionic liquid-derived nitrogen-enriched carbon for highly reversible sodium storage
Authors: Xu Xin , Dou Zhifeng , Gu Erlong , Si Ling , Zhou Xiaosi , Bao Jianchun
Published: May 2017

We report a novel composite of Sb nanoparticles uniformly embedded in ionic liquid-derived nitrogen-enriched carbon (Sb@NC) obtained by pyrolysis of SbCl3/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide (Emim-dca) as a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries.
Unrivaled combination of surface area and pore volume in micelle-templated carbon for supercapacitor energy storage
Authors: Pokrzywinski Jesse , Keum Jong K. , Ruther Rose E. , Self Ethan C. , Chi Miaofang , Meyer III Harry , Littrell Kenneth C. , Aulakh Darpandeep , Marble Sam , Ding Jia , Wriedt Mario , Nanda Jagjit , Mitlin David
Published: May 2017

We created Immense Surface Area Carbons (ISACs) by a novel heat treatment that stabilized the micelle structure in a biological based precursor prior to high temperature combined activation – pyrolysis.
Presentation of functional groups on self-assembled supramolecular peptide nanofibers mimicking glycosaminoglycans for directed mesenchymal stem cell differentiation
Authors: Yasa Oncay , Uysal Ozge , Ekiz Melis Sardan , Guler Mustafa O. , Tekinay Ayse B.
Published: May 2017

Organizational complexity and functional diversity of the extracellular matrix regulate cellular behaviors.
The design of new photochromic polymers incorporating covalently or ionically linked spiropyran/polyoxometalate hybrids
Authors: Bazzan Irene , Bolle Patricia , Oms Olivier , Salmi Hanène , Aubry-Barroca Nadine , Dolbecq Anne , Serier-Brault Hélène , Dessapt Rémi , Roger Philippe , Mialane Pierre
Published: May 2017

Novel photochromic polymers highlight through their solid-state optical properties the key role of grafting onto the coloration and fading kinetics.
Non-linearity of the collagen triple helix in solution and implications for collagen function
Authors: Walker Kenneth T. , Nan Ruodan , Wright David W. , Gor Jayesh , Bishop Anthony C. , Makhatadze George I. , Brodsky Barbara , Perkins Stephen J.
Published: May 2017

Collagen adopts a characteristic supercoiled triple helical conformation which requires a repeating (Xaa-Yaa-Gly)n sequence. Despite the abundance of collagen, a combined experimental and atomistic modelling approach has not so far quantitated the degree of flexibility seen experimentally in the solution structures of collagen triple helices. To address this question, we report an experimental study on the flexibility of varying lengths of collagen triple helical peptides, composed of six, eight, ten and twelve repeats of the most stable Pro-Hyp-Gly (POG) units. In addition, one unblocked peptide, (POG)10unblocked, was compared with the blocked (POG)10 as a control for the significance of end effects. Complementary analytical ultracentrifugation and synchrotron small angle X-ray scattering data showed that the conformations of the longer triple helical peptides were not well explained by a linear structure derived from crystallography. To interpret these data, molecular dynamics simulations were used to generate 50 000 physically realistic collagen structures for each of the helices. These structures were fitted against their respective scattering data to reveal the best fitting structures from this large ensemble of possible helix structures. This curve fitting confirmed a small degree of non-linearity to exist in these best fit triple helices, with the degree of bending approximated as 4–17° from linearity. Our results open the way for further studies of other collagen triple helices with different sequences and stabilities in order to clarify the role of molecular rigidity and flexibility in collagen extracellular and immune function and disease.
Non‐intrusive real‐time monitoring of PV generation at inverters using Internet of photovoltaics
Authors: Pulipaka S. , Ramesh A. , Kumar R. , Bora B. , Kumar S. , Singh S.K.
Published: May 2017

A non‐intrusive mechanism of gathering real‐time performance of inverter data is explained. Network architecture was designed to get this data from various inverters in an area of 200 acres with synchronised time interval for comparing the performance of inverters of different topology and solar panel technologies at same climatological conditions. Ecosystem of things as termed it the Internet of photovoltaics was created at the National Institute of Solar Energy in India, where all the inverter nodes were in the same network, communicating with a centralised server for receiving commands and sending required information.
Detection of epileptic seizure and seizure‐free EEG signals employing generalised S‐transform
Authors: Chatterjee Soumya , Ray Choudhury Niladri , Bose Rohit
Published: May 2017

In this contribution, a novel technique for classification of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals has been presented employing generalised Stockwell (S)‐transform technique. S‐transform is a technique for analysis of any non‐stationary time series in joint time–frequency frame. In this work, epileptic seizure and seizure‐free EEG signals have been taken from an available existing database and generalised S‐transform is applied individually on different sets of EEG signals. Selective features like standard deviation and energy are evaluated from the joint time–frequency S‐transform contour of the transformed signals and are eventually being classified using support vector machines (SVMs) and k‐nearest neighbour (kNN) classifier. In this work, two different classification problems are addressed, namely (i) seizure and healthy (ii) seizure and inter‐ictal, where both EEG signals of healthy and inter‐ictal zone are considered to be in seizure‐free class. For different cases investigated in this study, the highest overall classification accuracy of 98.44% is achieved using SVM classifier where as 100% accuracy is obtained using kNN classifier, which are comparable and even better than the results obtained in the existing literatures, analysed on the same dataset.
Novel Noncovalent Interactions in Catalysis: A Focus on Halogen, Chalcogen, and Anion-π Bonding
Authors: Breugst Martin , von der Heiden Daniel , Schmauck Julie
Published: May 2017

Noncovalent interactions play an important role in many biological and chemical processes. Among these, hydrogen bonding is very well studied and is already routinely used in organocatalysis. This Short Review focuses on three other types of promising noncovalent interactions. Halogen bonding, chalcogen bonding, and anion-π bonding have been introduced into organocatalysis in the last few years and could become important alternate modes of activation to hydrogen bonding in the future.

1 Introduction

2 Halogen Bonding

3 Chalcogen Bonding

4 Anion-π Bonding

5 Conclusions
Recent Advances in Enantioselective Brønsted Base Organocatalytic Reactions
Authors: Tan Choon-Hong , Teng Bo , Lim Wei
Published: May 2017

Enantioselective Brønsted base catalyzed reactions have established themselves as powerful tools for the construction of optically pure compounds. Most strategies aim at improving these reactions involve the modification of substrates to decrease the pK
a of the acidic proton. Typically, an electron-withdrawing group such as an ester or a fluorine is placed at the α-carbon, where the proton is also residing. The activation of less active proton, thus, becomes a major challenge in this field of research. In order to overcome this pK
a barrier, some new innovative approaches have been demonstrated in recent years. The implementation of dual activation modes and the development of organocatalytic Brønsted superbases are selected to be discussed in this minireview.

1 Introduction

2 Dual Activation Using Lewis Acid and Brønsted Base

3 Dual Activation Using Iminium Catalyst and Brønsted Base

4 Chiral Brønsted Superbase

5 Chiral Ion-Pair Brønsted Base

6 Summary and Outlook
Preoperative Considerations for the Ostomate
Authors: Wasserman Molly , McGee Michael
Published: May 2017

Intestinal stomas significantly impact patients' quality of life. Stoma-related complications are common, but even without complications, patients are faced with new challenges in stoma management and daily activities. Preoperative patient education and stoma site marking, in conjunction with conscientious surgical stewardship, are key to patient satisfaction and successful operative outcomes.
Considerations in Stoma Reversal
Authors: Sherman Karen , Wexner Steven
Published: May 2017

Temporary stomas are frequently used in the management of diverticulitis, colorectal cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease. These temporary stomas are used to try to mitigate septic complications from anastomotic leaks and to avoid the need for reoperation. Once acute medical conditions have improved and after the anastomosis has been proven to be healed, stomas can be reversed. Contrast enemas, digital rectal examination, and endoscopic evaluation are used to evaluate the anastomosis prior to reversal. Stoma reversal is associated with complications including anastomotic leak, postoperative ileus, bowel obstruction, enterocutaneous fistula, and, most commonly, surgical site infection. Furthermore, many stomas, which were intended to be temporary, may not be reversed due to postoperative complications, adjuvant therapy, or prohibitive comorbidities.
The Role of Temporary Fecal Diversion
Authors: Lightner Amy , Pemberton John
Published: May 2017

The use of temporary fecal diversion is of great importance to tenuous anastomosis, immunosuppressed patient, or actively infected patient. Its use protects newly constructed intestinal anastomoses from being the culprit of pelvic sepsis or systemic illness. Thus, potential morbidity and mortality can be averted. However, its appropriate or optimal use is often debated. We herein discuss the evidence for when to best use a diverting stoma for colorectal, coloanal, and ileoanal anastomoses. We also discuss the importance of considering a temporary diverting stoma in the setting of high-dose immunosuppression (e.g., transplant patients or inflammatory bowel disease), active infection, or upon creation of ileal pouch–anal anastomosis. Lastly, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a loop ileostomy versus colostomy for temporary diversion of fecal contents.
Obstetric Disorders in the ICU
Authors: Plante Lauren , Basualdo María , Plotnikow Gustavo , Vasquez Daniela
Published: May 2017

Pregnant and postpartum patients represent a challenge to critical care physicians, as two patients in one have to be cared for and because specific obstetric disorders, not universally covered in formal critical care training, need to be managed. Pregnancy also alters physiologic norms, so that the critical care physician may either fail to recognize a value as abnormal in pregnancy or mistakenly identify as abnormal a value within the normal range for a pregnant woman. In this article, we will review the most frequent obstetric causes of admission of pregnant/postpartum patients to the intensive care unit (hypertensive disease of pregnancy, obstetric hemorrhage, and obstetric sepsis) along with their diagnostic criteria, clinical presentation, and recommended treatment. We will also cover some specific, although less frequent, obstetric disorders, such as acute fatty liver of pregnancy, peripartum cardiomyopathy, and amniotic fluid embolism. Our primary aim is to improve quality of care for these types of patients.
Pulmonary Complications of Pregnancy: Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Skeith Leslie , Rodger Marc
Published: May 2017

Unique considerations are needed when diagnosing and treating venous thromboembolism (VTE) in women who are pregnant or postpartum. What are the risks to the fetus, such as drug exposure or the risk of radiation with diagnostic imaging? How does the physiology of pregnancy affect imaging techniques and anticoagulation management? How should anticoagulation be managed around labor and delivery? These questions highlight some of the important considerations needed when managing a pregnant patient with suspected or confirmed VTE. This review outlines what is known about the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical risk factors, diagnosis, and therapeutic management of VTE in pregnancy. We also review our preferred diagnostic and treatment algorithm for a pregnant patient with suspected or confirmed VTE.
Pulmonary Hypertension in Pregnancy
Authors: Banerjee Debasree , Ventetuolo Corey
Published: May 2017

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a pulmonary vasculopathy associated with abnormal cardiopulmonary hemodynamics and a limited life expectancy due to right heart failure. Young women are preferentially affected. Women with PAH are at increased risk of complications and death during pregnancy for both the mother and the fetus. While it is not well characterized how changes in sex steroids and other hormones during pregnancy affect pulmonary hypertension, many expected systemic and heart–lung physiologic adaptations during gestation are poorly tolerated in women with PAH. Despite the approval of numerous therapies for PAH in recent years, pregnancy avoidance or early termination is still recommended in women with PAH because of poor outcomes. In this review, we will discuss physiologic and hormonal changes in pregnancy as they relate to pulmonary vascular disease and right heart function. We will review current consensus recommendations and outline the management of pregnancy in PAH when it does occur.
Glioblastoma Multiforme: an Advanced Analysis of 153 Patients and Review of the Literature
Authors: Nikdad Mohammad , Farhan Farshid , Shafizadeh Milad , Mirmohseni Atefeh , Afarideh Mohsen , Komeleh Shabnam , Lashkari Marzieh , Ganji Morsaleh , Ghajar Alireza , Shafiei Saeed , Shafizadeh Yalda , Kazemian Ali , Saberi Hooshang
Published: May 2017

Objective Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive primary tumor with frequent recurrences that leaves patients with a short survival time and a low quality of life. The aim of this study was to review the prognostic factors in patients with glioblastoma multiforme.

Material and Methods The focus of this retrospective study was a group of 153 patients with supratentorial GBM tumors, who were admitted to a tertiary-care referral academic center from 2005 to 2013. The factors associated with survival and local recurrence were assessed using the hazard ratio (HR) function of Cox proportional hazards regression and neural network analysis.

Results Out of the 153 patients, 99 (64.7%) were male. The average age of the patients was 55.69 ± 15.10 years. The median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 14.0 and 7.10 months respectively. In the multivariate analysis, age (HR = 2.939, p < 0.001), operative method (HR = 7.416, p < 0.001), temozolomide (TMZ, HR = 11.723, p < 0.001), lomustine (CCNU, HR = 8.139, p < 0.001), occipital lobe involvement (HR = 3.088, p < 0.001) and Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS, HR = 4.831, p < 0.001) scores were shown to be significantly associated with a higher OS rate. Furthermore, higher KPS (HR = 7.292, p < 0.001) readings, the operative method (HR = 0.493, p = 0.005), the use of CCNU (HR = 2.047, p = 0.003) and resection versus chemotherapy (HR = 0.171, p < 0.001) were the significant factors associated with the local recurrence of the tumor.

Conclusion Our findings suggest that the use of CCNU and TMZ, the operative method and higher KPS readings are associated with both higher survival and lower local recurrence rates.
Hematologic Malignancies Are Associated with Adverse Perioperative Outcomes following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Wagner Timothy , Naziri Qais , North W. , Navale Suparna , Klika Alison , Barsoum Wael , Higuera Carlos , Newman Jared
Published: May 2017

The treatment of hematologic malignancies has advanced over the years, resulting in an improved survival of patients. As a result, these patients may be a part of the increasing population requiring total knee arthroplasty (TKA); however, they might be at a higher risk of adverse perioperative outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine the perioperative outcomes (complications, length of stay [LOS], and costs) of patients with hematologic malignancies following TKA. This study used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) to identify patients who underwent TKA in the United States from 2000 to 2011. Patients diagnosed with any hematologic malignancy (N = 24,714) were then stratified by Hodgkin's disease (N = 791), Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (N = 7,096), plasma cell dyscrasias (N = 1,621), leukemia (N = 8,005), myeloproliferative disease (N = 5,746), and/or myelodysplastic syndromes (N = 1,608) for determining the complications that occurred during admission. Propensity matching was performed for demographics, hospital characteristics, and comorbidities, which yielded 24,491 patients with any hematologic malignancy and 24,458 control patients. Additionally, propensity matching was performed for the hematologic malignancy subtypes. Multivariable regression models were used to analyze the surgical and medical complications, LOS, and costs. The annual frequency of THA in patients with any hematologic malignancy increased from 2000 to 2011 (p < 0.0001). Hematologic malignancies were associated with an increased risk of any surgery-related complication (odds ratio [OR] = 1.31, p < 0.0001) and any general medical complication (OR = 1.38, p < 0.0001). Patients with any hematologic malignancy had increased odds of complications, including acute postoperative anemia (OR = 1.29, p < 0.0001), hematoma/seroma (OR = 1.65, p < 0.02), peripheral vascular disease (OR = 2.23, p = 0.046), deep venous thrombosis (DVT) (OR = 1.95, p = 0.02), and blood transfusion (OR = 1.61, p < 0.0001). Hematologic malignancies were associated with an increased incremental LOS (0.13 d, p < 0.0001) and an increased incremental cost ($788, p < 0.0001). Thus, we conclude that following TKA, patients with hematologic malignancies are at an increased risk of perioperative complications, longer LOS, and higher costs. The risk quantification for adverse perioperative outcomes in association with an increased cost may help design different risk stratification and reimbursement methods in such patients when undergoing TKA.
Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty Using a Constrained Condylar Knee Prosthesis Combined with a Posterior Stabilized Articular Surface
Authors: Tsai Shang-Wen , Chen Cheng-Fong , Wu Po-Kuei , Chen Chao-Ming , Chen Wei-Ming
Published: May 2017

Intraoperative assessment of valgus–varus stability is crucial for choosing articular surfaces with different levels of constraint. Legacy constrained condylar knee (CCK) prostheses are readily available to assemble and use with a CCK articular surface or a posterior stabilized (PS) articular surface in revision knee arthroplasty surgeries. We wanted to validate outcomes of revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using legacy CCK prostheses combined with a PS articular surface. Thirty-seven patients were enrolled and followed up for more than 2 years. Range of motion (ROM), the Knee Society score (KSS), the Knee Society functional score (KSS-F), and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) were used to evaluate outcomes. Follow-up was a mean of 86.5 months (range: 28–152 months). The mean age of the participants was 69.8 years (range: 31–86 years). The mean ROM was 110.5 degrees, the KSS was 86.2 points, the KSS-F was 68.3 points, and the WOMAC score was 22.6 points. Seven participants had implant failures: five because of delayed infections and two because of posterior dislocations. In conclusion, revision TKA using a CCK prosthesis combined with a PS articular surface might provide satisfactory mid-term outcomes. Delayed infection was the most common cause of implant failure. Dislocation might occur in middle-old or older patients despite careful intraoperative examination of valgus–varus stability, extension–flexion gap balancing, and signs of recurvatum.
Does Age Influence How Patients Rate Their Experience of Care after Total Knee Arthroplasty?
Authors: Gwam Chukwuweike , Mistry Jaydev , Mohamed Nequesha , Chughtai Morad , Thomas Melbin , Mont Michael , Delanois Ronald
Published: May 2017

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) have recently modified models for physician compensation with the use of patient administered surveys, such as the Press Ganey (PG). Currently, it is not well understood how the age of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients influences PG scores and hospital ratings. Therefore, we asked: (1) is there a difference in how patients rate PG survey elements between patients < 50 years of age, 50 to 80 years of age, and > 80 years of age and (2) what factors influence PG overall hospital rating in the various age groups? The PG database from our institution was queried from November 2009 to January 2015, yielding 728 patients who received a primary TKA. Patients were stratified by age at the time of surgery, based on those < 50 years (n = 43), 50 to 80 years (n = 639), and > 80 years of age (n = 46). The means for each domain was calculated and multiple regression analyses were performed separately for the three cohorts, to assess the influence (β-weight) of each domain on overall hospital ratings. Chi-square tests and Student's t-tests were performed appropriately to assess differences in categorical and continuous data between the three cohorts. No significant difference in mean scores was observed in any individual domain category between the three age groups. Communication with nurses had a significant influence on overall hospital rating in all three age groups. In addition, perception of pain demonstrated a significant influence on overall hospital rating for patients < 50 years of age (β = 0.807, p = 0.011) and those 50 to 80 years of age (β = 0.248, p = 0.014). For patients who were < 50 years of age, communication regarding medication had a significantly negative influence on overall hospital ratings (β = − 0.387, p = 0.025). For patients who were > 80 years of age, staff responsiveness (β = 0.403, p = 0.002) also significantly influenced overall hospital ratings. With physician reimbursement partially dependent on patient-reported experiences of care, orthopaedists must recognize and improve on the factors that affect patient satisfaction to avoid financial penalties. Although age was found to not have a global effect on PG scores after TKA, the factors that patients consider most important during their experience of care may vary by age group.
Phenotypic Variability and mTOR Pathway Gene Aberrations in Familial Tuberous Sclerosis
Authors: Sekar Shobana , Nasser Sara , Adkins Jonathan , Cuyugan Lori , Enriquez Daniel , Rangasamy Sampath , Narayanan Vinodh , Liang Winnie
Published: May 2017

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder that demonstrates variable severity, such that affected family members may have mild or severe disease. We performed exome and RNA sequencing of blood leukocytes from mild and severe cases across four families to identify mTOR pathway aberrations that may underlie phenotypic variability. In each family, we identified TSC1/TSC2 aberrations along with different mTOR pathway gene alterations, including base substitutions, deletions, and skewed allelic frequencies. Here, we describe the first reported DNA and RNA analysis of TSC families demonstrating mTOR pathway aberrations in mild and severe forms of the disease.
Survival, Short-Term, and Long-Term Morbidities of Neonates with Birth Weight < 500 g
Authors: Bashir Rani , Thomas Julianne , MacKay Margot , Agnew Jennifer , Hubber-Richard Philippa , Grunau Ruth , Synnes Anne
Published: May 2017

Objectives The objective of this study was to describe survival, short-term, and long-term morbidities of neonates with birth weight < 500 g.

Study Design Retrospective cohort studies to calculate survival, short-term, and long-term morbidity rates of neonates born weighing < 500 g from 1993 to 2012 and neurodevelopmental impairment rates at 4.5 years for births 1993 to 2008 in one center.

Results Of 549 inborn neonates with birth weight < 500 g, 4% survived. For live births and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions, 10 and 55% survived, respectively. Of 28 NICU (inborn and outborn) survivors (median birth weight 460 g and gestation 25.9 weeks [range: 22.6–30.3 weeks]), 71% were inborn, 50% male, and 75% were small for gestational age. One in five neonates was a twin or multiple. Short-term morbidities noted were bronchopulmonary dysplasia (91%), culture proven sepsis (50%), retinopathy of prematurity (41%), and severe brain injury (22%); 27% had no long-term impairment, 23% one, 23% two, 18% three, and 9% four impairments in motor, cognitive, vision, and/or hearing domains. At 4.5 years, 29% had visual impairment, 10% wore hearing aids, 50% had IQ < 70, 18% cerebral palsy, and 68% had low motor scores.

Conclusion Only 4% of births < 500 g survived. All survivors had short-term morbidities; 27% neonates survived without long-term major impairments.
Assessment of Anthropometric Measurements as Predictors of Car Seat Screening Failure
Authors: Donald Elena , Heffernan Maura , Corwell Brian , Davis Natalie
Published: May 2017

Objective The objective of this study was to determine whether anthropometric measurements such as head circumference (HC), body mass index (BMI), and body surface area (BSA) can predict car seat tolerance screen (CSTS) failure. We hypothesized that subjects with larger HC and lower BMI/BSA would have increased risk of failure.

Study Design We performed retrospective medical record review of infants born in 2013 who qualified for CSTS due to being born preterm (< 37 weeks) or low birth weight (LBW). We performed bivariate analyses of clinical and demographic risk factors including anthropometrics to identify predictors of CSTS failure.

Results In this study, 19 of 366 subjects failed their CSTS (5.3%). There were no significant differences in HC, length, BSA, BMI, or ratio of HC to length, BMI, or BSA between those who passed versus failed. On subgroup analysis of preterm infants, the significant predictor of failure was multiple gestation (p = 0.024). In the term LBW cohort, requiring nasal canula (NC) (p = 0.03) and having limited or no prenatal care (PNC) (p = 0.0006) were both significant predictors of failure.

Conclusion Neither absolute measurements nor the ratios of HC to body measurements predicted CSTS outcome. Multiple gestation was a significant predictor of failure in preterm infants, while NC requirement and poor PNC were predictors in LBW term infants.
Präoperative Vorbereitung und Evaluation: der ältere Patient
Authors: Olotu-Steffen Cynthia , Gurlit Simone , Kiefmann Rainer
Published: May 2017

Aufgrund der steigenden Lebenserwartung müssen sich heutzutage immer mehr ältere und hochbetagte Patienten einer Operation unterziehen – eine Herausforderung für die Chirurgie und insbesondere für die Anästhesiologie. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt, wie altersbedingte Besonderheiten präoperativ erfasst und entsprechende Maßnahmen eingeleitet werden können, um das Risiko der postoperativen Morbidität – oder gar Pflegebedürftigkeit – zu verringern.
Entwicklung möglich?
Authors: Majerczyk-Kuhn Ursula
Published: May 2017

Bindungsfähigkeit im Kindes- und Jugendalter Wie geht es Kindern, deren
Bindung zu den Eltern aus unterschiedlichen Gründen gestört ist? Sind sie in der
Lage, trotz dieser Störung noch Vertrauen zu entwickeln und Bindung zuzulassen?
Eine Pflegemutter in der Bereitschaftspflege berichtet.
Geht es Ihnen gut?
Authors: Probst Karin
Published: May 2017

Selbstfürsorge aus hypnosystemischer Sicht Psychiatrisch Pflegenden ist es
wichtig, dass es ihren Klienten gut geht. Selbst kommen sie manchmal kaum dazu,
ausreichend zu trinken oder erholsame Pausen zu verbringen. Falls es Ihnen auch
so geht und Sie gerne besser auf sich achtgeben möchten, hat unsere Autorin ein
paar Tipps für Sie.
Empathische Kompetenz in der
Pflegeausbildung
Authors: Rößler Manuela
Published: May 2017

Handlungskompetenz Empathie in der Pflege ist eine wichtige Voraussetzung,
damit Patienten sich verstanden und angenommen fühlen. Aber ist Empathie erlern-
und messbar? Unsere Autorin hat im Rahmen ihrer Bachelorarbeit geprüft, wie
empathische Kompetenz in der Pflegeausbildung durch Unterricht angebahnt werden
kann. Außerdem hat sie Beobachtungskriterien erfasst, die eine professionelle
empathische Kompetenz in der Pflegeausbildung zeigen.
Basisassessment für die psychiatrische
Pflege
Authors: Fiebig Madlen , Rabenschlag Franziska , Gehri Beatrice , Metzenrath Anke , Sippel Birgit , Söyler Murat , Hunstein Dirk
Published: May 2017

Praxis-Forschungsprojekt Bisher stand im deutschsprachigen Raum kein
Basisassessment zur Verfügung, das speziell für den Einsatz in der
psychiatrischen Pflege entwickelt wurde. Dieser Mangel mag auch darin begründet
sein, dass die Komplexität der zu messenden Phänomene besondere Anforderungen an
ein Assessmentinstrument stellt. Wir stellen ein solches Basisassessment für die
psychiatrische Pflege vor, das in einem deutsch-schweizerischen
Kooperationsprojekt entwickelt wurde.
50 Jahre psychiatrische Einstellungsforschung in Deutschland
Authors: Angermeyer Matthias , Matschinger Herbert , Schomerus Georg
Published: May 2017

Ziel Analyse der Entwicklung der psychiatrischen Einstellungsforschung in Deutschland.

Methode Historischer Überblick auf der Basis systematischer Reviews.

Ergebnisse Die Einstellung der Bevölkerung zu psychisch Kranken und zur Psychiatrie wurde ursprünglich aus soziologischer Perspektive untersucht, später dominierte die sozialpsychologische bzw. individualpsychologische Perspektive.

Schlussfolgerung Auch wenn dieser Ansatz wichtige Einblicke in die dem Stigma zugrunde liegenden Prozesse erlaubte, erscheint es an der Zeit die individuelle Perspektive durch eine gesellschaftliche zu ergänzen.
Russische Forschungen zur Massenpsychologie aus dem 19.
Jahrhundert
Authors: Engmann Birk , Steinberg Holger
Published: May 2017

Im 19. Jahrhundert erlebte die Massenpsychologie als wenngleich randständiges
sozialpsychologisches und psychiatrisches Forschungsfeld doch eine
beachtenswerte Publikationstätigkeit. Heute beschränkt sich die medizin- und
psychologiehistorische Darstellung vor allem auf deutsch-, französisch- und
englischsprachige Beiträge über induzierte psychische Massenerscheinungen. In
modernen Erklärungsmodellen nehmen aber weiterhin die im 19. Jahrhundert
postulierten Thesen einen hohen Stellenwert ein bzw. behielten ihre Gültigkeit.
Da jedoch die diesbezüglichen russischen Arbeiten in der Rezeptionsgeschichte
fehlen, sollen diese hier näher beleuchtet werden.

Wie in vergleichbaren westeuropäischen Publikationen, so wurden von den
russischen Autoren Erklärungsmodelle wie Nachahmung, Suggestion und erbliche
Prädisposition diskutiert. Eine besondere Stellung nimmt dagegen die Monographie
von Viktor Kandinskij aus dem Jahr 1881 ein. Kandinskij unterbreitete darin eine
eigene Hypothese zur Entstehung psychologischer Massenphänomene, die einen
fließenden Übergang zwischen normal und pathologisch auf hirnanatomischer
Grundlage postulierte, was bedeutet, dass prinzipiell kein Individuum vor
„psychischer Ansteckung“ in der Masse geschützt ist. Kandinskij beschrieb dabei
eine Kausalkette, beginnend mit Exaltiertheit über Ekstase, Illusionen bis – in
der Extremform – hin zu Halluzinationen. Mit der Exaltiertheit ist die
Vorbedingung erfüllt, die aufgrund der gleichzeitigen Schwächung des Willens die
Person für andere Ideen leicht empfänglich macht. Sind mehrere Leute bereits
exaltiert, reiche dann eine einzige Person aus, die z. B. zu halluzinieren
beginne und die anderen anstecke. Menschen mit starken religiösen Gefühlen, mit
einer Neigung zum Mystizismus und mit der Leidenschaft zum Geheimnisvollen und
Ungewöhnlichen sah Kandinskij als besonders empfänglich an.
Delir – eine häufige neuropsychiatrische Komplikation
Authors: Fink G.R.
Published: May 2017

Das Delir ist eine alles andere als seltene neuropsychiatrische Komplikation, die zwar altersassoziiert in ihrer Häufigkeit
zunimmt, aber keineswegs geriatrischen Patienten vorbehalten ist.
Kognitive Störungen bei Schizophrenie
Authors: Krug Axel , Kircher Tilo
Published: May 2017

Risikopatienten für eine spätere Schizophrenie zeigen bereits vor einer 1. Episode kognitive Funktionseinbußen. Im Verlauf bleiben
diese relativ stabil auf niedrigem Niveau. Trainingsprogramme können hier psychosoziale und kognitive Defizite verbessern.