bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Making a virtue of necessity? The economics and politics of the ECB’s monetary policy, 1999-2019
Authors: Koutsiaras Nikos
Published: September 2020

The ECB could hardly afford political neutrality, even in the monetary union’s “honeymoon phase”. Being a stateless central bank entailed striking compromises between confl icting (national) monetary policy preferences. However, such compromises would often be reached at the expense of theoretical consistency and to the detriment of coherence in the ECB’s monetary policy strategy. And, perhaps inevitably, they would also bear the mark of the dominant partner in the European Monetary System, that is prior to the establishment of the monetary union, now also being the biggest subscriber to the ECB’s capital. Political neutrality and, for that matter, monetary activism on the part of the ECB -as well as liquidity in the euro-area- were largely inadequate during the euro area crisis, especially in its early phase. They were subsequently increased, but at a slow pace and in a preferential fashion, that is, largely to the benefi t of the banking industry. Eventually, the ECB did try to make a virtue of necessity; yet, this could only go so far. Thus, the ECB has reluctantly become the only game in town, its reluctance being mostly associated with the overriding concerns of certain national central banks of the Eurosystem, most notably the Bundesbank; namely, ensuring monetary dominance, averting (at that time illusory) infl ationary dangers, preventing moral hazard, enforcing structural reforms and, not least, fending off any, indirectly emerging, type of transfer union. Therefore, the ECB could have no great ambitions; its lonely game was unlikely to produce a medal-winning policy maker in the world championship of central banking.
Effects of vitamin D supplementation on 25(OH)D concentrations and blood pressure in the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Farapti Farapti , Fadilla Chusnul , Yogiswara Niwanda , Adriani Merryana
Published: September 2020

Background: Hypertension and vitamin D deficiency are prevalent among the elderly. This study evaluated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and blood pressure (BP) in the elderly (age > 60 years).

Methods: Randomized controlled trials from electronic databases on the elderly taking oral vitamin D, until the end of March 2019, were selected. Two reviewers independently screened the literature on the basis of specific inclusion criteria. The primary outcomes were serum 25(OH)D level, systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP) changes.

Results: Our analysis revealed significant differences in serum 25(OH)D concentrations changes between the vitamin D and control groups (mean difference [MD] = 13.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 10.21–17.47; P < 0.000). There were no significant differences in SBP and DBP changes between the vitamin D and control groups. Subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in SBP changes between the hypertensive and vitamin D-deficient subgroups (MD = –4.01; 95% CI = –7.45 to –0.57; P = 0.02 and MD = –1.91; 95% CI = –3.48 to –0.34; P = 0.02, respectively), and DBP changes only in the hypertensive subgroup (MD = –2.22; 95% CI = –4.1 to –0.34; P = 0.02).

Conclusions: Vitamin D supplementation significantly increases 25(OH)D concentrations and seems beneficial in lowering BP, specifically in the elderly with elevated BP and vitamin D deficiency.
Alleviative effects of Fara-darmani Consciousness Field on Triticum aestivum L. under salinity stress
Authors: Torabi Sara , Taheri Mohammad Ali , Semsarha Farid
Published: September 2020

Background: The Fara-darmani Consciousness Field was founded by Mohammad Ali Taheri. It is a novel field and is described similarly to the field of gravity, or the electromagnetic field. This field is neither matter nor energy, and therefore does not possess a quantity. Even though there is no direct scientific evidence for the Consciousness Field, it is possible to investigate its effects on objects through controlled experiments. The aim of the present work was to study the alleviative effects of the Fara-darmani Consciousness Field on common wheat Triticum aestivum L. var Star under salt stress.

Methods: Plants were grown under 0 mM NaCl (control) and 150 mM NaCl with or without the influence of Fara-darmani Consciousness Field for 3 weeks. Chlorophyll, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA) content and activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD),polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POX) were measured in all groups of plants.

Results: In the salt-treated plants under the influence of the Fara-darmani Consciousness Field, the contents of total chlorophyll, as well as a and b chlorophyll forms, were elevated compared with the salt-treated plants without Fara-darmani CF (34.8%, 17.8%, and 169% respectively). Additionally, Fara-darmani increased H2O2 (57%) and the activity of SOD and PPO by 220% and 168%, respectively, under salinity compared with the salt-treated plants without Fara-darmani CF. MDA content and activity of peroxidase were decreased by 12.5% and 34%, respectively.

Conclusion: These results suggest the Fara-darmani Consciousness Field as a qualitative intervention strategy to withstand salt stress in plants, by increasing the contents of chlorophyll, antioxidant enzyme activities, and decreasing MDA content under salinity.
DIFFERENTIATED THERAPY OF REACTIVE ARTHRITIS
Authors: Bahareva E.
Published: September 2020

Abstract: Reactive arthritis (Rea) belongs to the group of seronegative spondyloarthritis (Spa) and is often associated with the carrier of HLA-B27-antigen, which, together with the presence of a distant focus of infection,increases the risk of developing arthritis. The most common causes of reactive arthritis are latent urogenital infections and acute intestinal infections. diagnosis of Rhea is difficult due to the similarity of the clinical picture with other diseases of the musculoskeletal system that occur with joint damage, as well as, often, the absence of an obvious connection between the joint syndrome and pre-existing infection. If the diagnosis is correct, it is necessary to identify the pathogen and prescribe etiotropic therapy, but even in this case, recovery does not occur in 100% of cases. Approximately 20% of patients may have chronic disease, so it is necessary to first pay more attention to the detection of infections-triggers and treat them at an early stage.
Assessment of Heavy Metals in Milk Produced by Black-and-White Holstein Cows from Moscow
Authors: Safonov Vladimir
Published: September 2020

Milk must comply with quality standards for proper human nutrition. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative microbiological and elemental analysis of milk quality from Black-and-White Holstein cows. The studies were conducted on the basis of livestock farming in January-October 2019, Moscow region, Russian Federation. The experiment included 60 cows, divided into 3 groups of 20 animals of full age. All cows were kept under identical conditions. The first group consisted of purebred Black-and-White cows; the second group included Holstein half breeds; and the third group included the third generation of Holstein crossbreeds. 500 samples of milk were taken from animals of each group. The second group exceeded in content of zinc by 0.5 times (p≤0.05). The third group was recorded with lower manganese by 2 times (p≤0.001) while the first group by 0.5 times (p≤0.05) compering to the second group. Milk in groups 3 and 2 had a significant excess of iron and copper concentrations by 1.5-2.0 times (at p≤0.001), comparing to group 1. The milk in group 1 (purebred Black-and-White cows) exceeded TLV (threshold limit value) for lead (by 2.2 times) and cobalt (by 2.5 times). The milk in this group also had a higher cadmium content compering to the other two groups (by 1.3–2.7 times). Holstein crossbreeding helps to increase the concentration of cobalt, zinc and manganese. Lead and cadmium accumulate in the milk of purebred Black-and-White cows.
Factors Related to Stunting among Children Age 6-59 Months in Babakan Madang Sub-District, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Yuliastini Sri , Sudiarti Trini , Sartika Ratu Ayu Dewi
Published: September 2020

Stunting is a category of malnutrition that can cause death for children. In 2018, 30.8% of children under five in Indonesia experienced stunting. This study aimed to determine the factors that are related to stunting in Babakan Madang sub district, West Java, Indonesia. A cross sectional study was carried out among 612 children aged 6–59 months on May–August 2019. Z-scores were calculated using WHO Anthro. The characteristics of the under-fives (sex, age, history of infectious diseases), maternal characteristics (education level, mother’s occupation, income per month, age during pregnancy, parity), and infant feeding practices (colostrum feeding, early initiation of breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, pre-lacteal feeding, timely complementary feeding) were analysed. The results of univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-square showed that for age over 24 months, nonexclusive breastfeeding and untimely complementary feeding were related to stunting. It is recommended that local governments conduct counselling and make positive approaches to the community emphasizing the importance of exclusive breastfeeding and timely complementary feeding.
High Fiber Diets Enhance Gene Expression and Il-10 Level on Hyperlipidemic Rats Model
Authors: Malik Rifkind , Sadewa Ahmad Hamim , Sunarti Sunarti
Published: September 2020

Hyperlipidemia induces inflammation by increasing proinflammatory cytokines and reducing anti-inflammatory cytokines. Short chain fatty acids from fiber fermented by intestinal bacteria can reduce inflammation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the benefits of high fiber diet on IL-10 gene expression and IL-10 levels in white adipose tissue in rats with high fat and fructose diet. Twenty-five male Wistar rats, were divided into 5 groups: 1) normal (N); 2) Hyperlipidemia (HL); 3) Hyperlipidemia with fiber 1.04 g/rat/day (HL1); 4) Hyperlipidemia with fiber 2.07 g/rat/day (HL2), and 5) Hyperlipidemia with fiber 3.11 g/rat/day (HL3). The rats were considered hyperlipidemia, if their plasma triglyceride levels were > 70.79 mg/dL. High fat and fructose diet contain high fructose and trans-fat, while intervention diet for T1, T2, and T3 contain a total fiber of 6.88%, 13.77% and 20.65%, respectively. Serum IL-10 analysis using ELISA method was done before and after intervention, and IL-10 gene expression was analyzed using qPCR method after intervention. High trans-fat and fructose diet decrease IL-10 levels, while high-fiber diet can significantly increase the gene expression and levels of IL-10 in hyperlipidemia rats (p<0.05). High-fiber diet can improve inflammation through increase the gene expression and levels of IL-10.
The Effect of Vitamin D Administration on Leptin, Adiponectin and mRNA MCP-1 Levels in Adipose Tissue of Obese Female Wistar Rats
Authors: Sundari Luh Putu Ratna , Bakta Made , Astawa Nyoman Mantik , Adiatmika Putu Gede , Arijana Gusti Kamasan Nyoman , Tunas Ketut
Published: September 2020

In obesity, there is an accumulation of adipocytes which produces adipokine that are pro-inflammatory substance, such as leptin and MCP-1 and anti-inflammatory substance, such as adiponectin, while the bioavailability of vitamin D is decreased. This research aimed to study the effect of vitamin D administration on leptin, MCP-1, and adiponectin levels in adipose tissue rats with obesity. Vitamin D was administered to the obese model of 6-9 months old female Wistar rats. This experiment was a randomized control group design with a post-test group design only. Twenty-seven (27) female obese Wistar rats were included in this study. The animals were divided randomly into 3 groups: 9 rats were given 2400 IU vitamin D (group A), 9 rats were given 800 IU vitamin D (group B) and 9 rats were given a placebo as control (group C). The administration of Vitamin D was given once daily for 8 weeks. The visceral adipose tissue was taken to measure the level of leptin, adiponectin and mRNA MCP-1. Data among groups was analyzed by using one-way ANOVA and followed by LSD test, at a significance level of p <0.05. The lowest level of leptin (1059.15+135.20 pg/ml) and mRNA MCP-1 (2.36 + 0.75 fg/ml) and the highest adiponectin level (3.43 + 0.47 ng/ml) were found in group A. In conclusion, oral administration of vitamin D (2400 IU) decreased pro-inflammatory substances, such as leptin and mRNA MCP-1 and increased anti-inflammatory substances, such as adiponectin, in visceral adipose tissue of obese female Wistar rats.
A POESIA INFANTIL DE JOÃO KÖPKE POR CAMINHOS TEÓRICOS E METODOLÓGICOS
Authors: De Medeiros Farias Morgana , Segabinazi Daniela Maria
Published: September 2020

O manuscrito Versos para os pequeninos, escrito no século XIX, possivelmente entre os anos 1886 e 1897, pelo educador João Köpke, contém 24 poemas para crianças, estes que se aproximam do que conhecemos como poesia concreta. Essa obra esteve por muito tempo sob a tutela da família Köpke, sem ser conhecida e muito menos analisada pela comunidade acadêmica. Até então, tínhamos a ideia de que o autor destinava sua produção apenas a livros de leitura, estes que serviam para oferecer ensinamentos às crianças, fossem eles inseridos no âmbito escolar ou voltados aos valores éticos e morais que o período republicano solicitava. Foi através da Profa. Norma Ferreira, da Faculdade de Educação da Unicamp, que pudemos ter contato, apenas em 2017, com a obra citada, em edição fac-símile, esta que lhe serviu de objeto de estudo em sua tese de pós-doutorado. Deste modo, constatamos que o manuscrito foi bem produzido se considerarmos suas variadas esferas estéticas, desde o ritmo até as unidades semânticas, motivo pelo qual nos dispusemos a analisá-lo, objetivando conferir-lhe mais visibilidade, já que o mesmo ainda se encontra no anonimato. Para isso, lançamos mão de embasamentos teóricos, utilizando-nos de bibliografias como Alves (2016), Camargo (2017), Bosi (1988), dentre outros, bem como optamos pelo poema intitulado “Meu cavallo” para que pudéssemos propor uma metodologia eficaz de trabalho com o mesmo em sala de aula. Assim, aos poucos, acreditamos que é possível dar a João Köpke o reconhecimento devido.
A LEITURA LITERÁRIA NA SALA DE AULA
Authors: Cruz Clauber Ribeiro
Published: September 2020

Diante da área dos estudos das Letras, Artes e Linguística, temos como objetivo geral apresentar o processo e os resultados parciais da aplicação de uma experiência em sala de aula vinculada à leitura literária, realizada com os discentes do Ensino Médio Técnico da Rede Federal de Ensino do IFRJ. Essa proposta se embasa nos conceitos da teoria do Pós-Método, do professor Kumaravadivelu (2001); nos ideais defendidos pelo Professor e crítico literário Antonio Candido, em O direito à literatura (2017); e nos estudos do professor Rildo Cosson, em Letramento literário (2006). Entre os objetivos específicos, bem como sua metodologia, evidenciaremos o passo a passo de uma sequência didática básica, a qual leva em consideração o contexto sociocultural do público-alvo. Assim sendo, com a prática da educação literária, reiteramos a relevância de projetos pedagógicos autênticos, vinculados aos conceitos educacionais da era contemporânea.
LIVROS PARA CRIANÇAS ILUSTRADOS E PREMIADOS: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE LEITURA EM BIBLIOTECA ESCOLAR
Authors: Corrêa Hércules Tolêdo , Gonçalves Daniela De Carvalho Pena
Published: September 2020

O presente estudo visa refletir sobre elementos textuais e gráficos presentes em três livros de literatura infantil premiados pela Fundação Nacional do Livro Infantil e Juvenil (FNLIJ), na categoria Criança, no ano de 2018 (produção 2017). Pretende-se, como foco principal, analisar a apropriação estética dessas obras literárias por um grupo de crianças inseridas em turmas dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública municipal do interior de Minas Gerais. O aporte teórico pauta-se nos estudos da imagem em livros infantis (Hunt, 2010; van der Linden, 2011 e Ramos, 2013) e do letramento literário (Cosson e Paulino, 2009; Corrêa, 2016 e Cosson, 2017), dentre outros. Para o trabalho de campo, utilizamos como base a dinâmica do Círculo de Leitura (COSSON, 2017) com vistas a observar e dialogar com os sujeitos sobre a produção de sentidos em práticas de leitura mediada. As análises dos dados evidenciaram a relevância da articulação criativa e eficiente entre as linguagens escrita e visual, que ampliam as possibilidades de leitura e fomentam o interesse do leitor. A investigação também revela que as crianças foram desafiadas, transitaram pelas camadas de signos dispostas nas páginas, compartilharam sentidos, estabeleceram estratégias de leitura frente ao texto e apresentaram em suas falas detalhes relevantes que se abrem para outras possibilidades de leitura da produção para elas destinadas.
Beira Rio FM 104.9: A Frequência da educação na comunidade Quilombola de Bom Jardim da Prata
Authors: Mingoti Poague Kasandra Isabella Helouise
Published: September 2020

O presente trabalho apresenta o potencial da hipermídia radiofônica como ferramenta de educação ambiental a partir de um estudo de caso aplicado em comunidades quilombolas circundantes ao município de São Francisco (MG). Por três dias, foram veiculados pela rádio comunitária Beira Rio FM 104.9 localizada em uma das comunidades, programas ao vivo articulados em quadros de forma a conciliar a discussão de questões ambientais mais proeminentes nestas com temas cotidianos, a fim de que de se tornassem mais interessantes e lúdicos aos ouvintes. O engajamento da população das comunidades com os quadros do programa evidencia a grande competência que a mídia rádio possui no alcance e capacidade de formação das pessoas, em se tratando de comunidades quilombolas, seja levando estas a agirem de acordo com os pressupostos de ecologia e cidadania como também no seu auto reconhecimento como um grupo étnico-social.
Virtual antenatal clinics
Authors: Quinn Lauren , Olajide Oluwafumbi , Breslin Eamonn , Tan Bee , Ansar Humera
Published: September 2020

In the current COVID-19 pandemic, a move towards virtual appointments has been vital. This article discusses the implementation of virtual antenatal clinics and the associated challenges
Motion detection based on 3D-printed compound eyes
Authors: Zhang Boshen , Chen Gui , Cheng Mark Ming-Cheng , Chen Jimmy Ching-Ming , Zhao Yang
Published: September 2020

A biologically inspired compound eye system is fabricated for the detection of object motion without the need for sophisticated image processing. The array of the artificial optical unit, called ommatidium, structurally and functionally mimics the natural compound eyes for motion detection. Each artificial ommatidium consists of polymer lenses, a light-guiding polymer cone, a 3D printing cladding, and a light intensity sensor to measure the change of light intensity during motion detection. To simplify the signal processing and improve the system reliability, low-cost light sensors, instead of CMOS/CCD arrays, are used for measuring the light intensity changes caused by object movement. The distance and speed of a moving metal ball of a pendulum were measured using the compound eye system. The measured results agree well with the theoretical analyses. The error between the measured and calculated speed is less than 2%.
Resistance of Scots pine half-sib families to Heterobasidion annosum in progeny field trials
Authors: Marčiulynas Adas , Sirgedaitė-Šėžienė Vaida , Žemaitis Povilas , Jansons Āris , Baliuckas Virgilijus
Published: September 2020

Five Scots pine ( L.) progeny field trials, each established in different Lithuanian regions of provenance in 1983, were studied. Each progeny field trial consists of 140 half-sib families from seven populations (20 families from each population). The evaluation was carried out in 2012 and 2018 to assess the families resistance to (Fr.) Bref. An index of resistance in the infected plots was calculated. To verify the accuracy of the method, total phenolic compounds (TPC) was chosen as key parameter to compare with the plant resistance index. During the six years between the two assessments, the percentage of living Scots pine trees in the progeny field trials decreased up to 20 percentage points (range: 4 p.p. to 20 p.p.). In 2018 the area of damaged plots (in percentage from total field trial area) varied from 17 to 27%. Tree mortality in the trial correlates with site soil fertility â more fertile soils were distinguished by higher tree percentage loss and . Using analysis from combined data of all progeny trials, the family variance component reached 13.3âÂ±â2.2% and family heritability was 0.81. Family heritability estimates for root rot resistance show possibilities of high breeding effectiveness. The correlations between the trials in family resistance estimates were negligible (ranging from 0 to 0.28). The significant high correlation coefficient was determined between the resistance index and TPC concentration (â=â0.77, â=â0.0003). This allows us to assume that plant resistance is directly linked on TPC synthesis. The results indicate that the chosen methods of chemical resistance for identification of root rot-resistant genotypes are applicable for the selection of Scots pine half-sib families in the field trials with higher resistance to pathogens.Pinus sylvestrisHeterobasidion annosumH. annosumvice versarp
Evaluasi Kualitatif Antibiotik Metode Gyssens dengan Konsep Regulasi Antimikroba Sistem Prospektif RASPRO pada Pneumonia di Ruang Rawat Intensif Anak
Authors: Sundariningrum Rinna Wamilakusumayanti , Setyanto Darmawan Budi , Natadidjaja Ronald Irwanto
Published: September 2020

Latar belakang. Pneumonia masih paling sering sebagai infeksi primer maupun infeksi sekunder dalam perawatan anak di ruang rawat intensif. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat dapat meningkatkan morbiditas, mortalitas, pengobatan lebih mahal, dan resistensi antibiotik.Tujuan. Mengevaluasi penggunaan antibiotik secara kualitatif pada pasien pneumonia menggunakan metode Gyssens dengan konsep RASPRO.Metode. Penelitian deskriprif retrospektif berdasarkan data rekam medis pasien pneumonia di ruang intensif anak RS Hermina Bekasi, periode bulan Mei sampai Oktober 2019. Antibiotik dievaluasi secara kualitatif menggunakan metode Gyssens dengan konsep RASPRO.Hasil. Didapatkan 51 (14,46%) pasien dengan pneumonia berat. Digunakan 119 antibiotik; terdiri dari 90 (75,63%) empiris dan 29 (24,37%) definitif. Ampisilin sulbaktam merupakan antibiotik paling banyak digunakan (15,98%), diikuti sefotaksim (15,12%), meropenem (13,44%), azithromisin (11,78%), dan seftriakson (10,92%). Berdasarkan metode Gyssens dengan konsep RASPRO, penggunaan antibiotik tepat (kategori 0) sebanyak 63,02%, sedangkan tidak tepat, yaitu 1,68% kategori IVa (alternatif lebih efektif), 22,69% kategori IIIa (durasi terlalu panjang) 9,24% kategori IIIb (durasi terlalu singkat), dan 3,36% kategori IIa (tidak tepat dosis).Kesimpulan. Pemakaian antibiotik tepat didapatkan hasil cukup baik, yaitu 63,03%. Konsep RASPRO dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi bias subyektifitas dalam penilaian antibiotik secara kualitatif dengan metode Gyssens pada pneumonia di ruang intensif anak.
Hubungan Derajat Ketoasidosis Diabetik dengan Kadar Kalium pada Pasien Anak di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Periode Tahun 2014-2019
Authors: Faisal Faisal , Adelaine Aliva Tamara , Nurhayati Titing
Published: September 2020

Latar belakang. Ketoasidosis diabetik (KAD) seringkali menjadi komplikasi penyakit DM tipe-1 dan merupakan kondisi gawat darurat yang dapat menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi pada anak. Gangguan elektrolit termasuk kadar kalium dapat terjadi pada pasien KAD. Perubahan kadar kalium dapat terjadi karena peningkatan kadar kalium akibat defisiensi insulin, asidosis, dan hiperglikemia. Sementara penurunan kadar kalium berakibat diuresis osmotik, asupan makanan berkurang, dan muntah. Abnormalitas kadar kalium dapat menyebabkan peningkatan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Pemeriksaan kadar elektrolit termasuk kalium penting dilakukan dalam diagnosis KAD.Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan antara derajat KAD dan kadar kalium pada pasien anak di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin.Metode. Penelitian dilakukan pada September – November 2019 dengan rancangan studi analitik potong lintang menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari data rekam medis pasien KAD anak di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung selama periode Desember 2014 – Oktober 2019. Data karakteristik umum dan klinis pasien dikumpulkan dan dilakukan uji korelasi Spearman untuk melihat hubungan antara derajat KAD dan kadar kalium dengan kemaknaan p<0,05.Hasil. Penelitian ini melibatkan 35 pasien KAD anak dengan total 39 episode. Enam (15,39%) pasien mengalami KAD derajat ringan, 13 (33,33%) sedang, dan 20 (51,28%) berat. Pada pemeriksaan kadar kalium pasien didapatkan 9 (23,08%) dengan hipokalemia, 21 (53,84%) normokalemia, dan 9 (23,08%) hiperkalemia. Dari hasil analisis Spearman didapatkan korelasi yang lemah antara derajat KAD dan kadar kalium (koefisien korelasi Spearman (r)=0,471, nilai p=0,002).Kesimpulan. Derajat KAD dengan kalium belum bisa dihubungkan mengingat sampel yang belum memadai dan hasil uji statistik yang masih lemah.
Gambaran Masalah Psikososial pada Remaja dengan Thalassemia Mayor dan Diabetes Mellitus Tipe-1
Authors: Medise Bernie Endyarni , Fadhila Naela , Wiguna Tjhin , Munasir Zakiudin , Batubara Jose R.L , Wahidiyat Pustika Amalia , Wulandari H.F. , Roeslani Rosalina Dewi
Published: September 2020

Latar belakang. Thalassemia dan diabetes mellitus tipe-1 (DM tipe-1) merupakan penyakit kronik yang banyak didapatkan pada anak dan remaja di Indonesia. Adanya penyakit kronik pada remaja dapat berisiko meningkatkan terjadinya masalah psikososial 2-6 kali dibandingkan populasi sehat. Masalah psikososial pada remaja sulit dikenali sehingga perlu dilakukan evaluasi secara rutin. The strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) adalah instrumen yang praktis dan mudah digunakan untuk mendeteksi masalah tersebut. Tujuan. Mengetahui besaran masalah psikososial pada remaja dengan penyakit kronik di RS. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta. Metode. Desain potong lintang pada 140 remaja (100 thalassemia mayor dan 40 DM tipe-1), usia 10-18 tahun. Subyek diminta untuk mengisi kuesioner SDQ (laporan mandiri). Hasil. Prevalensi total skor abnormal pada remaja thalassemia mayor adalah 8%, dan DM tipe-1 adalah 15%. Tidak ada skor abnormal pada aspek perilaku pro-sosial kedua penyakit, dan aspek hubungan dengan teman sebaya DM tipe-1. Tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna antara diagnosis penyakit, jenis kelamin, dan tingkat pendidikan subyek pasien DM terhadap luaran hasil SDQ. Kesimpulan. Masalah psikososial lebih banyak didapatkan pada remaja DM tipe-1 dibandingkan thalassemia mayor.
Profil Penyakit Kritis di Ruang Rawat Intensif Anak RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh
Authors: Sovira Nora , Ismi Jufitriany , Trisnawati Yunnie , Lubis Munar , Yusuf Sulaiman
Published: September 2020

Latar belakang. Angka morbiditas dan mortalitas pada anak yang disebabkan penyakit kritis masih tinggi, terutama pada usia di bawah 5 tahun. Hingga saat ini belum ada data mengenai profil pasien anak dengan penyakit kritis yang dirawat di ruang rawat intensif anak RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin (RSUDZA), Banda Aceh.Tujuan. Untuk mengetahui bagaimana profil pasien anak dengan penyakit kritis yang dirawat di ruang rawat intensif anak RSUD Zainoel Abidin (RSUDZA), Banda Aceh pada tahun 2019.Metode. Penelitian deskriptif retrospektif di ruang rawat intensif anak RSUDZA, Banda Aceh. Data dari rekam medis usia 1 bulan - 18 tahun sejak Januari 2019 sampai Desember 2019.Hasil. Diperoleh data pasien anak dengan sakit kritis yang dirawat di ruang intensif anak RSUDZA berjumlah 316 subjek. Mayoritas usia di bawah 5 tahun. Penyakit utama terbanyak adalah disfungsi organ respirasi (28,5 %). Jumlah Skor PELOD-2 terbanyak pada studi ini < 7 (69,6%) dengan lama rawat 2-7 hari (64,9%) dan angka mortalitas 21,8%.Kesimpulan. Profil penyakit kritis pada anak di RSUDZA Banda Aceh Tahun 2019 menunjukkan mayoritas subjek berusia di bawah 5 tahun, skor PELOD-2 < 7 dengan disfungsi organ terbanyak adalah respirasi.
Is Newtonian gravitational constant a quantized constant of microscopic quantum gravity?
Authors: Seshavatharam UVS , Lakshminarayana S
Published: September 2020

Considering the Newtonian gravitational constant as a quantized constant of microscopic quantum gravity, an attempt is made to fit its value in a verifiable approach with reference to three large atomic gravitational constants pertaining to weak, strong and electromagnetic interactions linked with a quantum relation. Estimated value seems to be 865 ppm higher than the recommended value.Â Â
Manajemen Model Pembinaan Kelompok Guru PAUD Model ‘Multi-Workshop’
Authors: Munastiwi Erni
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengkaji manajemen program parenting/ pola asuh kreatif. Kreatif dalam mengasuh anak saat ini sangat diperlukan, karena zaman berubah sangat cepat. Kondisi inilah menjadi tantangan. Agar tujuan parenting/ pengasuhan tepat sasaran dan sesuai kondisi, maka perlu dikelola dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, manajemen program parenting kreatif  perlu dikaji secara mendalam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pemilihan subyek penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive. Subyek penelitian ini adalah kepala lembaga pendidikan anak usia dini, guru, orangtua, anak didik dan nara sumber program parenting. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan cara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data melalui tahap reduksi data, displai data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Uji keabsahan data penelitian menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian mendeskripsikan implementasi manajemen program parenting kreatif pada tingkat satuan pendidikan anak usia dini
Sistem Pendidikan Anak Usia Dalam Konsep Islam (Analisis dalam Teoritis dan Praktis)
Authors: Suradi Ahmad
Published: September 2020

This article aims to reveal how the education system developed for early childhood in the Islamic concept, which includes curriculum, methods and evaluation of education. The method used in this paper is descriptive qualitative method. The results of the discussion indicate that the education that should be given to early childhood, is to include; first, the aqidah education, this is given because Islam puts the education of faith in the most fundamental position, Second, the Education of worship, so that someday they grow into beings who really piety, that is the devout man to carry out all religious commands and obedient also in steer clear of any ban. Third, moral education, in order to educate morals to the children, in addition to be given the right example, should also be shown about how to respect and to manners with fellow human beings. Islamic educational methods that can and should be applied to early childhood educational activities are exemplary methods, methods of practice and practice, game methods, songs, and stories, methods of targhib and tarhib, methods of praise and flattery and inculcation of good habits. The evaluation for the assessment of the educational process of children at an early age can be done in various ways, among others through the observation and recording of anecdotes which is a record of the attitude and behavior of children.
Seven Ways of Engaging the Online Learner to Develop Self-Regulated Learning Skills
Authors: Barth Dylan
Published: September 2020

This paper provides several strategies for using a learning management system to engage online students and to promote the development of self-regulated learning skills in a four-week accelerated summer course.
Facilitating Success: Using Self-Regulated Learning and Servant Leadership in the College Classroom
Authors: Clemons Michelle Lynn , Hopkins Treg
Published: September 2020

Student-centered pedagogy shifts the power dynamics, function of content, role of the educator, responsibility for learning, and purpose of evaluation within the classroom. By redirecting student effort toward self -regulated learning activities within a learning management system (LMS), educators can focus on the application of material during in-person class meetings. Moving from a traditional role of lecturing to a more contemporary role of facilitating learning , educators are better equipped to embrace the philosophy of a servant leader and put student needs first through the utilization of self-regulated learning activities within an LMS. This reflective essay will focus on the application and benefit of self -regulated learning activities with a focus on the use of LMS-based activities and a flipped-classroom

strategy utilized by two business communications faculty members. The discussion of classroom activities and online self-regulated learning activities will be backed up with research related to reports of student stress levels decreasing, connection to educators increasing, and student engagement levels increasing with the use of student-centered pedagogy and servant teaching practices in the college classroom.
EVEN THOUGH WE HAD MANY TRIBES, BUT I AM INDONESIA: VALIDATION OF DUAL IDENTITY SCALE
Authors: Shadiqi Muhammad Abdan , Ulum Wildan Rusdaul , Milla Mirra Noor , Muluk Hamdi
Published: September 2020

Dual identity has an assumption that subordinate group identity (e.g., ethnic and tribe identity) and superordinate group identity (e.g., national identity) can be simultaneously activated. The dual identity concept is important to examine in Indonesia as the country of thousands of tribes. As an initial step, we should adapt and evaluate a dual identity scale so that later it will become a catalyst for future study on the exploration of the association of dual identity and other factors. This study aims to adapt and evaluate the dual identity scale on the Indonesian sample. We tested the measurement through two collecting data, with 775 of total participants (data 1= 338 participants and data 2= 473 participants). The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We found that the dual identity scale had a good fit model and had satisfactory validity and reliability. The validity and reliability of data 2 are better than data 1. In the data 2, each item of items used ‘tribe’ as a form of subordinate identity to replace ‘ethnic’ in the measurement of the data 1. In data 1, this scale had a significant correlation with ethnic and national identity. The result of EFA and CFA proved that the scale is unidimensional (having one factor) and robust to use in the Indonesian sample. The study also found that the use of ‘tribe’ can explain subordinate identity better than "ethnic" on the scale. This study contributes to a practical implication for using the dual identity scale in Indonesia.
EMPLOYER BRANDING AND WORK ENGAGEMENT IN NON-BANK FINANCING COMPANY
Authors: Wardani Laila Meiliyandrie Indah , Oktafiansyah Dhoni
Published: September 2020

This research was conducted to determine whether employer branding has a relationship with work engagement in a private company in the field of non-bank financing. The population of this research is the workers of a national private company engaged in the field of non-bank financing, especially the head office workers located in Jakarta. The number of samples of this study were 117 people, consisting of 62 men and 55 women with an age range of 20-67 years (Mean = 28.13; SD = 5.849). The method used is quantitative with stratified sampling technique. The research instrument used was the Employee Attractiveness Scale (EmpAt) (α = .956; 20 items). Whereas to measure the Work Engagement using Utrech Work Engagement Scale (UWES) (17 items; α = .896). The analysis carried out is a simple linear regression, t-test and one-way ANOVA. The results of this study found that Employer Branding had a significant positive effect on Work Engagement (F (1.115) = 50.333; β = .552, r = .552; R2 = .304; P <.001). Employer branding can be a strategy for companies to identify the needs of current and future workers, and build an image as a company of choice for work, so as to increase employee engagement with the company and its work.
Gender Inequality in the Arab World
Authors: Yassine-Hamdan Nahla , Strate John
Published: September 2020

According to the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), gender inequality is the loss in potential human development that occurs due to differences between the genders in achievements with respect to health, empowerment, and labor market participation. These differences in achievements typically favor men. Gender inequality is especially visible in the Arab world. We compare gender inequality in Arab countries with that in non-Arab countries, especially developed countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). We argue that crossnational differences in gender inequality reflect cross-national differences in patriarchy, in particular differences in how men use their power over women to limit their agency or ability to make decisions for themselves. We set out a causal model to account for cross-national variations in gender inequality. Direct causes include fertility rate, per capita income, polygamy, OECD country, and corruption. Gender inequality in Arab countries is highly variable due to large differences in per capita income and is elevated because of polygamy and corruption. Arab countries can enact policies that would reduce gender inequality, especially improvements to women’s secondary and higher education. We analyze gender inequality in the Arab world and address the following questions: Is gender inequality greater in Arab countries? Among countries in the world generally, what differences in patriarchal practices contribute to differences in gender inequality? Where are Arab countries found with respect to such practices? What policies in Arab countries would reduce gender inequality? Our focus is upon cross-national differences in gender inequality, not upon differences in gender inequality within societies.
The Role of Religion in the Politics of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sulaib Faisal Mukhyat Abu
Published: September 2020

This article examines factors that influence the stability of the Saudi political regime. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has faced serious threats that have had impacts on the country; however, none of them has threatened the survival of the Saudi royal family in the Kingdom. The Arab uprisings, the well-known Arab Spring, led to the collapse of political regimes in the Arab region surrounding Saudi Arabia, as in Egypt and Yemen. However, the Saudi political regime was able to overcome this wave of popular revolutions and changes. Thus, this study attempts to answer a major question: why is it difficult to topple the Saudi political regime? Whereas the country’s oil wealth or external protection by great powers, Great Britain in the past, and currently the United States, are seen as main factors in the stability of the Saudi political regime, it is suggested here that the key factor that has helped the Saudi political regime successfully confront all internal and external threats rests on the influence of the religious Wahhabi concept, called “ta’at wali al-amr.”
Short adult height increases the risk of end-stage renal disease in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Hong Yu Ah , Han Kyung-Do , Yun Jae-Seung , Sil Eun Sil , Ko Seung-Hyun , Chung Sungjin
Published: September 2020

Objective:

Although short adult height has been associated with an increasing variety of diseases and all-cause death, no reliable data exist on the association between adult height and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in diabetic patients. We investigated the relationship between short adult height, development of ESRD, and mortality in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Methods:

This nationwide population-based cohort study analyzed clinical data from a total of 2,621,907 subjects aged ≥30 years with type 2 DM between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2012, using the National Health Insurance Database in Korea.

Results:

During a 6.9-year follow-up period, 220,457 subjects (8.4%) died, and 28,704 subjects (1.1%) started dialysis. Short adult height significantly increased the incidence of ESRD and all-cause mortality in the overall cohort analysis. In multivariable Cox models, hazard ratios (HR) for the development of ESRD comparing the highest and lowest quartiles of adult height were 0.86 (95% CI 0.83–0.89). All-cause mortality also decreased with the highest height compared to patients with the lowest height, after fully adjusting for confounding variables (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.78–0.81). Adult height had an inverse relationship to newly diagnosed ESRD (male: HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.83–0.90, female: HR 0.84, 95% CI 0.79–0.90) and all-cause mortality (male: HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.79–0.82, female: HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.78–0.82).

Conclusions:

Short adult height is strongly associated with the increased risk of ESRD development and all-cause mortality in type 2 DM.
Realismo crítico e hiperrealismo neoquínico como apuestas estéticas contundentes en el campo literario
Authors: Fernández Luna Paola
Published: September 2020

Este trabajo de investigación se centra en el análisis sociocrítico de la propuesta ético-estética de un escritor del campo de la novela colombiana a partir del diálogo crítico con una propuesta que deviene del campo literario foráneo: Basura del escritor colombiano Héctor Abad Faciolince y Auto de fe del escritor austriaco Elías Ca­ netti. El análisis parte de la apuesta que cada autor hace para entrar al campo literario por medio del tratamiento crítico de la realidad y la visión que cada uno objetiva en la obra sobre los procesos de Modernidad y de Posmodernidad;la de Canetti se propone como realista crítica y la de Abad Faciolince como hiperrealista neoquínica. Finalmente, se dilucida que la propuesta  hiperrealista  de Abad Faciolince en el campo de la novela colombiano es una respuesta ante el agotamiento de formas narrativas eufóricas de la realidad, como lo fuera el realismo mágico garciamarquiano.
Prolegómenos en torno a las justicias de las naciones de Abya-Yala. Breve aproximación al pluralismo jurídico hegemónico
Authors: Bacca Benavides Paulo llich
Published: September 2020

El artículo  realiza una presentación de las justicias  de los pue­blos indoamericanos; se muestra la ruptura  entre su filosofía y el reconocimiento constitucional de la diversidad  étnica y cultural de la nación colombiana. Para hacerlo analiza la relación lengua­ justicia, apuntando a la ruptura  de la mismidad  y el totalitarismo de la tradición jurídica occidental, mediante el reconocimiento de una doble alteridad lingüística: el otro con rostro humano y el otro con los múltiples rostros de la naturaleza, es así, como se hablará de una pluralidad de lenguas filosóficas y una pluralidad de lenguas naturales.
La filosofía analógica y su impacto educativo
Authors: Primero Rivas Luis Eduardo
Published: September 2020

La comunicación que se dispone a conocer examina en primer lugar la importancia de la filosofía para la educación en un ejercicio de contextuación de los argumentos subsecuentes, que ubicados en una posición en torno al movimiento de la hermenéutica analógica piensa que parte desde una filosofía hecha desde América Latina para el mundo; que puede concretarse en el ámbito de la filosofía de la educación para examinar sus tesis y estructuración, recuperando los aportes de Mauricio Beuchot para una antropología filosófica analógica, que puede completarse desde los aportes para una teoría de la personalidad, tal como aparece en los libros La hermenéutica analógica de la pedagogía de lo cotidiano, y Usos de la hermenéutica analógica, especialmente en el capítulo "De la hermenéutica subjetiva a la hermenéutica del sujeto: una propuesta vincular y conceptual".
The Landscape of Genomic Imprinting at the Porcine SGCE/PEG10 Locus from Methylome and Transcriptome of Parthenogenetic Embryos
Authors: Ahn Jinsoo , Hwang In-Sul , Park Mi-Ryung , Cho In-Cheol , Hwang Seongsoo , Lee Kichoon
Published: September 2020

In mammals, imprinted genes often exist in the form of clusters in specific chromosome regions. However, in pigs, genomic imprinting of a relatively few genes and clusters has been identified, and genes within or adjacent to putative imprinted clusters need to be investigated including those at the SGCE/PEG10 locus. The objective of this study was to, using porcine parthenogenetic embryos, investigate imprinting status of genes within the genomic region spans between the COL1A2 and ASB4 genes in chromosome 9. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were conducted with normal and parthenogenetic embryos, and methylome and transcriptome were analyzed. As a result, differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between the embryos were identified, and parental allele-specific expressions of the SGCE and PEG10 genes were verified. The pig imprinted interval was limited between SGCE and PEG10, since both the COL1A2 and CASD1 genes at the centromere-proximal region and the genes between PPP1R9A and ASB4 toward the telomere were non-imprinted and biallelically expressed. Consequently, our combining analyses of methylome, transcriptome, and informative polymorphisms revealed the boundary of imprinting cluster at the SGCE/PEG10 locus in pig chromosome 9 and consolidated the landscape of genomic imprinting in pigs.
Polygenic Scores for Height in Admixed Populations
Authors: Bitarello Bárbara D , Mathieson Iain
Published: September 2020

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) use the results of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to predict quantitative phenotypes or disease risk at an individual level, and provide a potential route to the use of genetic data in personalized medical care. However, a major barrier to the use of PRS is that the majority of GWAS come from cohorts of European ancestry. The predictive power of PRS constructed from these studies is substantially lower in non-European ancestry cohorts, although the reasons for this are unclear. To address this question, we investigate the performance of PRS for height in cohorts with admixed African and European ancestry, allowing us to evaluate ancestry-related differences in PRS predictive accuracy while controlling for environment and cohort differences. We first show that the predictive accuracy of height PRS increases linearly with European ancestry and is partially explained by European ancestry segments of the admixed genomes. We show that recombination rate, differences in allele frequencies, and differences in marginal effect sizes across ancestries all contribute to the decrease in predictive power, but none of these effects explain the decrease on its own. Finally, we demonstrate that prediction for admixed individuals can be improved by using a linear combination of PRS that includes ancestry-specific effect sizes, although this approach is at present limited by the small size of non-European ancestry discovery cohorts.
Study on the Target Guidance in the Integration of Teaching Protocol
Authors: Yu Ying , Xia Jianping
Published: September 2020

Integration of teaching protocol is an original creation of China’s basic education. This model emphasizes the balance between the student as the subject and the teacher as the dominant. “Target-Guided Teaching” refers to the use of target guidance strategy to improve teaching, enabling students to effectively use information tools and resources to improve their learning and adapt to social development. This paper studies the target guidance model based on the integration of teaching protocol. After analyzing the early studies, we defined the concepts related to the target guidance model based on the teaching protocol, and elaborated on the strategies for determining learning and using goals for the reference of front-line education workers.