bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Omicron incidence and seroprevalence among children in Montreal, Canada, in early 2023: final results from the longitudinal EnCORE serology study
Authors: Charland Katia , Pierce Laura , Saucier Adrien , Hamelin Marie-Ève , Barbosa Da Torre Margot , Carbonneau Julie , Nguyen Cat Tuong , De Serres Gaston , Papenburg Jesse , Boivin Guy , Quach Caroline , Zinszer Kate
Published: September 2024

Since early 2022, routine testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) based on symptoms and exposure history has largely ceased in Canada. Consequently, seroprevalence studies, particularly longitudinal studies, have become critical for monitoring the rate of incident SARS-CoV-2 infections and the proportion of the population with evidence of immunity. EnCORE is a longitudinal SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study comprising five rounds of serology testing from October 2020 to June 2023, in a sample of 2- to 17-year-olds (at baseline), recruited from daycares and schools in four neighbourhoods of Montreal, Canada. We report on SARS-CoV-2 incidence and seroprevalence among the 509 participants in the fifth and final round of the study. Seroprevalence of antibodies from either infection or vaccination was 98% (95 per cent confidence interval [CI]: 97, 99). The infection-acquired seroprevalence was 78% (95% CI: 73–82), and the incidence rate was 113 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 94–132), compared to the seroprevalence of 58% and the incidence rate of 133 per 100 person-years, respectively, in the fourth round of testing (mid–late 2022). Of the 131 participants newly seropositive for infection in Round 4, only 18 were seronegative for infection in Round 5 (median follow-up: 326 days).
Racism on Trial in U.S. Symphony Orchestras
Authors: Wang Grace
Published: September 2024

This essay examines how racial discrimination operates under the surface and through the guise of preserving musical excellence, as exemplified through the 1969 lawsuit filed by double bassist Arthur Davis and cellist Earl Madison charging the New York Philharmonic with racial discrimination in hiring practices. Analyzing the narratives that emerged during the 1969 hearings around artistic merit, racial discrimination, and screened auditions, I argue that the New York Philharmonic weaponized musical excellence as a pure entity abstracted from race and other social categories in order to claim that its sanctity required protection from societal charges of discrimination. Notably, these same legal arguments were used in a subsequent case in which timpanist Elayne Jones charged the San Francisco Symphony with discrimination on the basis of race and sex following her tenure denial in 1974. Placing these two cases in conversation not only illuminates the tenacity and power of discriminatory ideas and practices in U.S. orchestras, but it also demonstrates how the experience of fighting legal battles reverberated personally and professionally for Black classical musicians. These lawsuits exacted a significant toll on Davis, Madison, and Jones, each of whom was sacrificed at the altar of change that, decades later, has yet to come.
The Quality of Supervision Questionnaire – associations between quality, person and context variables
Authors: Maaß Ulrike , Kühne Franziska , Schöttler Alexandra , Weck Florian
Published: September 2024

Only a few instruments can monitor the quality of individual supervision sessions. Therefore, the first objective was to develop a brief Quality of Supervision Questionnaire (QSQ). The second objective was to examine person and context variables associated with more effective supervision sessions. Two online samples of n=374 psychotherapy trainees and n=136 supervisors were used to develop the QSQ using exploratory factor analysis, validity and reliability analyses, and tests for measurement invariance. In addition, correlations between the QSQ and person and context variables were examined. The final QSQ included 12 items and three factors (Effectiveness, Procedural Knowledge, Relationship). The supervisee version had good reliability (α=.83 to .88) and correlated moderately to strongly with convergent measures (r=.37 to .68). The supervisor version was partially invariant to the supervisee version, displayed weak to good convergent validity (r=.27 to .51) and mixed reliabilities (α=.67 to .81). Regarding person variables, higher session quality was positively associated with supervisee self-efficacy (r=.16) and being a supervisor (vs supervisee, d=0.33 to 0.56). Regarding context variables, there were significant effects for supervisors in cognitive behaviour therapy (vs psychodynamic therapy; in terms of Procedural Knowledge, d=0.86) and for competence feedback (vs no feedback; d=0.47 to 0.68), but not for individual (vs group-based) sessions. Overall, the QSQ is a valid and reliable self-report questionnaire. We discuss the conceptual overlap between supervision scales.

Key learning aims

As a result of reading this paper, readers will:

(1)

Be aware of the Quality of Supervision Questionnaire (QSQ), which is a brief self-report scale assessing the quality of individual supervision sessions with 12 items and three subscales: Effectiveness, Procedural Knowledge, and Relationship.

(2)

Learn that there are no significant differences in the quality of supervision between sessions in individual and group formats. Compared with psychodynamic supervisors, supervisors in cognitive behaviour therapy report more procedural knowledge (i.e. what exactly to do and how to do it) in their sessions.

(3)

Understand that supervisees evaluate sessions that included competence feedback as qualitatively better than supervisees who did not receive competence feedback.
Emotional Regulation Problems in Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (formerly Sluggish Cognitive Tempo), Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder, Anxiety and Depression
Authors: Cano-Crespo Almudena , Moreno-García Inmaculada , Servera Mateu , Morales-Ortiz Manuel
Published: September 2024

Parents have reported emotional regulation problems in cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The first objective of this research was to explore the differences between the parents’ ratings on CDS, ADHD, hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention, anxiety, depression and emotional dysregulation. The second one was to compare the predictive capacity of CDS and ADHD over anxiety, depression and emotional regulation problems. The third one was to analyze the mediation of emotional dysregulation in CDS, ADHD, hyperactivity/impulsivity, inattention, and anxiety and depression. The sampling used was non-probabilistic. The final sample consisted of 1,070 participants (484 fathers and 586 mothers) who completed the Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC) and the Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory (CABI). In relation to the first objective, first, mothers reported more emotional regulation problems in children than in fathers. Second, emotional regulation problems were more strongly correlated with hyperactivity/impulsivity. Significant differences were found in all father scores, except for anxiety and the emotional regulation subscale. Regarding mothers, significant differences were only observed in ADHD scores, hyperactivity/impulsivity, and depression. Both parents reported more problems in older children, except for hyperactivity/impulsivity scores and ADHD rated by mothers. According to the second objective, CDS scores were found to significantly predict anxiety and depression scores, but not those of inattention or emotional regulation problems. Finally, in relation to the third objective, emotional regulation problems mediated the relationships between CDS, ADHD, and anxiety and depression. In conclusion, the data support the importance of emotional regulation problems in understanding CDS and its relationship with ADHD, anxiety, and depression.
What is the prospect of a perennial grain revolution of agriculture?
Authors: Olsson Lennart , Andersson Elina , Ardö Jonas , Crews Timothy , David Christophe , DeHaan Lee , Hilling Axel , Streit Krug Aubrey , Palmgren Michael , Rey Sergio , Tagesson Torbern , Westerbergh Anna , Vestin Patrik
Published: September 2024

Non-technical summary

Agriculture has been dominated by annual plants, such as all cereals and oilseeds, since the very beginning of civilization over 10,000 years ago. Annual plants are planted and uprooted every year which results in severe disturbance of the soil and disrupts ecosystem services. Science has shown that it is possible to domesticate completely new perennial grain crops, i.e. planted once and harvested year after year. Such crops would solve many of the problems of agriculture, but their development and uptake would be at odds with the current agricultural technology industry.

Technical summary

Agriculture is arguably the most environmentally destructive innovation in human history. A root cause is the reliance on annual crops requiring uprooting and restarting every season. Most environmental predicaments of agriculture can be attributed to the use of annuals, as well as many social, political, and economic ones. Advances in domestication and breeding of novel perennial grain crops have demonstrated the possibility of a future agricultural shift from annual to perennial crops. Such a change could have many advantages over the current agricultural systems which are to over 80% based on annual crops mainly grown in monocultures. We analyze and review the prospects for such scientific advances to be adopted and scaled to a level where it is pertinent to talk about a perennial revolution. We follow the logic of E.O. Wright's approach of Envisioning Real Utopias by discussing the desirability, viability, and achievability of such a transition. Proceeding from Lakatos' theory of science and Lukes' three dimensions of power, we discuss the obstacles to such a transition. We apply a transition theory lens to formulate four reasons of optimism that a perennial revolution could be imminent within 3–5 decades and conclude with an invitation for research.
CMIP6 Models Underestimate ENSO Teleconnections in the Southern Hemisphere
Authors: Fang Yingfei , Screen James A. , Hu Xiaoming , Lin Shuheng , Williams Ned C. , Yang Song
Published: September 2024

This study evaluates the capability of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models to simulate El Niño‐Southern Oscillation teleconnections in the Southern Hemisphere during austral summer. The wave trains from the tropical Pacific to the Amundsen Sea are underestimated and too far westward in CMIP6 simulations. However, Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (AMIP6) experiments well capture the observed location and amplitude of the teleconnection. El Niño and La Niña‐related tropical precipitation anomalies are underestimated in CMIP6 and have their maximum amplitude too far westward, while the precipitation responses in AMIP6 simulations are similar to those observed. The weaker precipitation response in CMIP6 likely arises from a cold bias in climatological‐mean SST, which reduces the sensitivity of precipitation to SST anomalies. Increased resolution in coupled experiments eradicates the westward bias in the El Niño and La Niña‐related circulation anomalies over the Amundsen Sea, but not their insufficient amplitude.
Influence of the October 14, 2023, Ring of Fire Annular Eclipse on the Ionosphere: A Comparison Between GNSS Observations and SAMI3 Model Prediction
Authors: Ray Sayak , Huba J. D. , Kundu Bhaskar , Jin Shuanggen
Published: September 2024

Celestial phenomena such as solar eclipses disrupt the ionosphere's inherent photochemical, dynamic, and electrodynamic processes and can be viewed as a natural experiment that provides a unique opportunity to study ionospheric perturbations. We investigate the spatiotemporal ionospheric response induced by the 14 October 2023 annular eclipse using ground‐based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers located over the continental region of North and South America. The largest total electron content (TEC) change (∼22 TECU decrease) is observed over the path of the eclipse at around 16°–18°N which lies just before the greatest eclipse location. However, the percentage change in TEC here is ∼44% (of the background value), which is less than that observed at midlatitudes around 30°–35°N (∼18.7 TECU, ∼50%). We observed a latitudinal dependency of TEC variation and time delay in ionospheric response to the eclipse with midlatitudes experiencing greater TEC changes and longer time delays compared to low‐latitude and equatorial regions. The SAMI3 model used to simulate the impact of the eclipse, captures the large decrease in VTEC along the eclipse path. Interestingly, increases in the TEC are also observed in several GNSS sites and it varied from 4.5 to 6.5 TECU in the Northern Hemisphere and 7 to 12 TECU in the Southern Hemisphere. The SAMI3 model results also show an enhancement in TEC but significantly less than that observed. Moreover, the SAMI3 model simulations for individual GNSS site coordinates within the conjugate regions failed to predict accurately, the TEC enhancement recorded by the GNSS sites.
Characterisation of APOBEC3B-Mediated RNA editing in breast cancer cells reveals regulatory roles of NEAT1 and MALAT1 lncRNAs
Authors: Zhang Chi , Lu Yu-Jing , Wang Mei , Chen Bingjie , Xiong Feifei , Mitsopoulos Costas , Rossanese Olivia , Li Xiuling , Clarke Paul A.
Published: September 2024

RNA editing is a crucial post-transcriptional process that influences gene expression and increases the diversity of the proteome as a result of amino acid substitution. Recently, the APOBEC3 family has emerged as a significant player in this mechanism, with APOBEC3A (A3A) having prominent roles in base editing during immune and stress responses. APOBEC3B (A3B), another family member, has gained attention for its potential role in generating genomic DNA mutations in breast cancer. In this study, we coupled an inducible expression cell model with a novel methodology for identifying differential variants in RNA (DVRs) to map A3B-mediated RNA editing sites in a breast cancer cell model. Our findings indicate that A3B engages in selective RNA editing including targeting NEAT1 and MALAT1 long non-coding RNAs that are often highly expressed in tumour cells. Notably, the binding of these RNAs sequesters A3B and suppresses global A3B activity against RNA and DNA. Release of A3B from NEAT1/MALAT1 resulted in increased A3B activity at the expense of A3A activity suggesting a regulatory feedback loop between the two family members. This research substantially advances our understanding of A3B’s role in RNA editing, its mechanistic underpinnings, and its potential relevance in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.
Gene therapy of Dent disease type 1 in newborn ClC-5 null mice for sustained transgene expression and gene therapy effects
Authors: Lyu Pin , Yadav Manish Kumar , Yoo Kyung Whan , Jiang Cuili , Li Qingqi , Atala Anthony , Lu Baisong
Published: September 2024

Dent disease type 1 is caused by changes in the chloride voltage-gated channel 5 (CLCN5) gene on chromosome X, resulting in the lack or dysfunction of chloride channel ClC-5. Individuals affected by Dent disease type 1 show proteinuria and hypercalciuria. Previously we found that lentiviral vector-mediated hCLCN5 cDNA supplementary therapy in ClC-5 null mice was effective only for three months following gene delivery, and the therapeutic effects disappeared four months after treatment, most likely due to immune responses to the ClC-5 proteins expressed in the treated cells. Here we tried two strategies to reduce possible immune responses: 1) confining the expression of ClC-5 expression to the tubular cells with tubule-specific Npt2a and Sglt2 promoters, and 2) performing gene therapy in newborn mutant mice whose immune system has not fully developed. We found that although Npt2a and Sglt2 promoters successfully drove ClC-5 expression in the kidneys of the mutant mice, the treatment did not ameliorate the phenotypes. However, gene delivery to the kidneys of newborn Clcn5 mutant mice enabled long-term transgene expression and phenotype improvement. Our data suggest that performing gene therapy on Dent disease affected subjects soon after birth could be a promising strategy to attenuate immune responses in Dent disease type 1 gene therapy.
Structural insights into translocation and tailored synthesis of hyaluronan
Authors: Górniak Ireneusz , Stephens Zachery , Erramilli Satchal K. , Gawda Tomasz , Kossiakoff Anthony A. , Zimmer Jochen
Published: September 2024

Hyaluronan (HA) is an essential component of the vertebrate extracellular matrix. It is a heteropolysaccharide of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and glucuronic acid (GlcA) reaching several megadaltons in healthy tissues. HA is synthesized and translocated in a coupled reaction by HA synthase (HAS). Here, structural snapshots of HAS provide insights into HA biosynthesis, from substrate recognition to HA elongation and translocation. We monitor the extension of a GlcNAc primer with GlcA, reveal the coordination of the uridine diphosphate product by a conserved gating loop and capture the opening of a translocation channel to coordinate a translocating HA polymer. Furthermore, we identify channel-lining residues that modulate HA product lengths. Integrating structural and biochemical analyses suggests an avenue for polysaccharide engineering based on finely tuned enzymatic activity and HA coordination.
Investigating the binding affinity, molecular dynamics, and ADMET properties of curcumin-IONPs as a mucoadhesive bioavailable oral treatment for iron deficiency anemia
Authors: Alsedfy M. Yasser , Ebnalwaled A. A. , Moustafa Mona , Said Alaa Hassan
Published: September 2024

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common health issue, and researchers are interested in overcoming it. Nanotechnology green synthesis is one of the recent approaches to making efficient drugs. In this study, we modeled curcumin-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (cur-IONPs) to study their predicted toxicity and drug-likeness properties, then to investigate mucoadhesive behavior by docking cur-IONPs with two main mucin proteins in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) mucosa (muc 5AC and muc 2). Furthermore, the stability of cur-IONPs/protein complexes was assessed by molecular dynamics. Our in-silico studies results showed that cur-IONPs were predicted to be potential candidates to treat IDA due to its mucoadhesive properties, which could enhance the bioavailability, time residency, and iron absorbance through GIT, in addition to its high safety profile with high drug-likeness properties and oral bioavailability. Finally, molecular dynamic simulation studies revealed stable complexes supporting strength docking studies. Our results focus on the high importance of in-silico drug design studies; however, they need to be supported with in vitro and in vivo studies to reveal the efficacy, toxicity, and bioavailability of cur-IONPs.
Chromatin protein complexes involved in gene repression in lamina-associated domains
Authors: Manzo Stefano G , Mazouzi Abdelghani , Leemans Christ , van Schaik Tom , Neyazi Nadia , van Ruiten Marjon S , Rowland Benjamin D , Brummelkamp Thijn R , van Steensel Bas
Published: September 2024

Lamina-associated domains (LADs) are large chromatin regions that are associated with the nuclear lamina (NL) and form a repressive environment for transcription. The molecular players that mediate gene repression in LADs are currently unknown. Here, we performed FACS-based whole-genome genetic screens in human cells using LAD-integrated fluorescent reporters to identify such regulators. Surprisingly, the screen identified very few NL proteins, but revealed roles for dozens of known chromatin regulators. Among these are the negative elongation factor (NELF) complex and interacting factors involved in RNA polymerase pausing, suggesting that regulation of transcription elongation is a mechanism to repress transcription in LADs. Furthermore, the chromatin remodeler complex BAF and the activation complex Mediator can work both as activators and repressors in LADs, depending on the local context and possibly by rewiring heterochromatin. Our data indicate that the fundamental regulators of transcription and chromatin remodeling, rather than interaction with NL proteins, play a major role in transcription regulation within LADs.
RNA degradation triggered by decapping is largely independent of initial deadenylation
Authors: Audebert Léna , Feuerbach Frank , Zedan Mostafa , Schürch Alexandra P , Decourty Laurence , Namane Abdelkader , Permal Emmanuelle , Weis Karsten , Badis Gwenaël , Saveanu Cosmin
Published: September 2024

RNA stability, important for eukaryotic gene expression, is thought to depend on deadenylation rates, with shortened poly(A) tails triggering decapping and 5′ to 3′ degradation. In contrast to this view, recent large-scale studies indicate that the most unstable mRNAs have, on average, long poly(A) tails. To clarify the role of deadenylation in mRNA decay, we first modeled mRNA poly(A) tail kinetics and mRNA stability in yeast. Independent of deadenylation rates, differences in mRNA decapping rates alone were sufficient to explain current large-scale results. To test the hypothesis that deadenylation and decapping are uncoupled, we used rapid depletion of decapping and deadenylation enzymes and measured changes in mRNA levels, poly(A) length and stability, both transcriptome-wide and with individual reporters. These experiments revealed that perturbations in poly(A) tail length did not correlate with variations in mRNA stability. Thus, while deadenylation may be critical for specific regulatory mechanisms, our results suggest that for most yeast mRNAs, it is not critical for mRNA decapping and degradation.
Topological control in paddlewheel metal–organic cages via ligand length variation
Authors: Tsoukatos Steven , Maibam Ashakiran , Babarao Ravichandar , Bloch Witold M.
Published: September 2024

Extending the length of phenanthrene-based ligands directs the selective assembly of paddlewheel metal–organic cages into tetrahedral, square, or triangular topologies.
Structure and mobility of rare earth ions in interlayer space of montmorillonite: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Wang Caorui , Zhang Yingchun , Liu Xiandong
Published: September 2024

MD simulations show that the most stable state is the double-layer hydrate for REE-montmorillonite. La3+ and Lu3+ form 9 and 8-fold outer-sphere complexes in interlayer space, respectively.
Unravelling the electronic structure, bonding, and magnetic properties of inorganic dysprosocene analogues [Dy(E4)2]− (E = N, P, As, CH)
Authors: Tarannum Ibtesham , Singh Saurabh Kumar
Published: September 2024

Using density functional theory and multireference methods, we have unravelled the electronic structure, bonding, and heavy element effects on magnetic anisotropy in mononuclear [DyIII(E4)2]− (E = N, P, As, CH) complexes.
Hemostatic bioactivity and mechanism of novel Rubia cordifolia L.-derived carbon dots
Authors: Zhang Zhaojiong , Hu Wenjing , Yu Aiqi , Kuang Haixue , Wang Meng
Published: September 2024

RCL-CDs were obtained for the first time after processing and were proven to stop bleeding through exogenous coagulation pathways.
Template-assisted synthesis of 3D ordered mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride decorated with gold nanoparticles for dopamine sensing
Authors: Wang Yi , Sang Xiaoguang , Bi Jingce , Fu Hongjun , Liu Ningning , Zhang Xia , Wang Zhuopeng , Han Yide
Published: September 2024

Three-dimensional mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride (Au/3Dom CN) decorated with a gold nanoparticle composite was successfully prepared via a template-assisted method using Au–SiO2 nanospheres as sacrificial agents.
l-Sodium ascorbate-promoted ligand-free Cu-catalyzed hydrodehalogenation of o-halopicolinanilides in water
Authors: Shen Yunhong , Mao Zewei
Published: September 2024

In this work, we explored the l-sodium ascorbate-promoted Cu(OTf)2-catalyzed hydrodehalogenation of o-halopicolinanilides in water.
Expression of concern: Engineering the optical properties of nickel sulphide thin films by zinc integration for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Younus Junaid , Shahzad Warda , Ismail Bushra , Fazal Tanzeela , Shah Mazloom , Iqbal Shahid , Jawhari Ahmed Hussain , Awwad Nasser S. , Ibrahium Hala A.
Published: September 2024

Expression of concern for ‘Engineering the optical properties of nickel sulphide thin films by zinc integration for photovoltaic applications’ by Junaid Younus et al., RSC Adv., 2023, 13, 27415–27422, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3RA04011A.
The maximum principle for lumped-distributed control systems
Authors: Marchini E. M. , Vinter R. B.
Published: September 2024

This paper concerns the optimal control of lumped-distributed systems, that is control systems comprising interacting infinite and finite dimensional subsystems. An examplar lumpeddistributed system is an assembly of rotating components connected by flexible rods. The underlying mathematical model is a controlled semilinear evolution equation, in which nonlinear terms involve a projection of the full state onto a finite dimensional subspace. We derive necessary conditions of optimality in the form of a maximum principle, for a problem formulation which involves pathwise and end-point constraints on the lumped components of the state variable. A key feature of these necessary conditions is that they are expressed in terms of a costate variable taking values in a finite dimensional subspace (the subspace of the state space associated with the lumped variables). By contrast, costate trajectories in earlier-derived necessary conditions for optimal control of evolution equations evolve in the full (infinite dimensional) state space. The computational implications of the reduction techniques introduced in this paper to prove the maximum principle, which permit us to replace the original optimal control problem by one involving a reduced, finite dimensional, state space, will be explored in future work.
Exploring Light Meson Resonances in Two-Pion Photoproduction: A Regge Formalism Analysis
Authors: Bibrzycki Łukasz , Hammoud Nadine , Mathieu Vincent , Perry Robert J. , Szczepaniak Adam P.
Published: September 2024

In the domain of hadron spectroscopy, the investigation of meson resonances plays a pivotal role. This study focuses on the significance of twopion photoproduction as a prominent avenue for studying meson resonances in the ππ system. By employing the Regge formalism, our model incorporates the background contribution from the well-known “Deck Mechanism” and emphasizes the significant ρ(770) resonance, representing the P-wave contribution arising from pomeron and f2 exchanges. The model is extended by accounting for scalar mesons, namely σ, f0(980) and f0(1370), contributing to the S-wave behavior, as well as the tensor meson f2(1270) corresponding to the D-wave contributions, while also considering non-resonant P- and S-wave components. The model contains a number of free parameters, which are constrained from a global fit of the available experimental data for angular moments up to L = 2 for M = 0, …, 2. The fitted angular moments are compared with experimental data obtained from CLAS. The key physical insights gained from the model are summarized. Furthermore, we extract the t-dependence of the Regge amplitude residue function for the subdominant exchanges, shedding light on their contribution to the overall dynamics.
Search for Hybrid Mesons at GlueX
Authors: Imoehl William
Published: September 2024

Recent lattice QCD calculations predict a multiplet of hybrid mesons, which are mesons with gluonic degrees of freedom. By mapping out the hybrid meson spectrum, we can gain insight into how the gluon contributes to the properties of bound states in QCD. The π1(1600) is a candidate for the lightest hybrid meson. This state has exotic quantum numbers of JPC = 1−+, which are forbidden for conventional mesons. The GlueX experiment has collected high statistics photoproduction data, which we are using to search for the π1(1600). These proceedings will summarize the search strategy for the π1(1600) at GlueX, including the most recent results in the ωππ, ηπ, and η′π final states.
Three body unitary coupled channel analysis on η(1405/1475)
Authors: Wu Jia-Jun , Nakamura Satoshi X. , Huang Qi , Peng Hai-Ping , Zhang Yan , Zhu Ying-Chun
Published: September 2024

The new BESIII data on J/ψ → γη(1405/1475) → γKK¯π is more precise than before. A three-body unitary coupled-channel analysis of experimental Monte Carlo outputs for J/ψ → γη(1405/1475) → γKK¯π is introduced. This model does not only fit the γKK¯π Dalitz plot distributions but also the branching ratios of “γππη” and “γγππ” final states relative to that of “γKK¯π”. After fitting, we successfully extract the η(1405/1475) pole locations. The η(1405/1475) states are described by two bare states dressed with continuum states. At last, we post predict the distribution of J/ψ → γη(1405/1475) → γππη, γπππ, γγππ.
Study of nucleon structure using hadron beam at J-PARC
Authors: Tomida Natsuki
Published: September 2024

Recently, 30-GeV proton beam became available at the high momentum beamline of the J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility. A following project of beamline upgrade will make available negative and positive secondary π/K/p beam up to 20 GeV/c. We will study the nucleon partonic structure utilizing the high-momentum hadron beams. The generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of nucleon can be accessed by various single diffractive hard exclusive processes (SDHEPs): a pure hadronic process (p + p → p + π + B), a diphoton production process (π− + p → γ + γ + n), and an exclusive Drell-Yan process (π− + p → μ+ + μ− + n). Measurements of these reactions give complementary information of nucleon GPDs to one from lepton-induced exclusive reactions.
Antisymmetrization of the wave functions consisting of spin-isospin and hyperspherical parts
Authors: Margolin Lia Leon
Published: September 2024

In order to investigate few-particle hypernuclei within the framework of the Hyperspherical Function Method, it is necessary to obtain full wave functions that are anti-symmetric under particle interchange. These wave functions must include not only hyperspherical, but also spin-isospin parts. According to the Parentage Scheme of Symmetrization, N-particle hyperspherical functions (N=3,4,5,6…) symmetrized with respect to (N-1)-particles, can be obtained from the N-particle hyperspherical functions with arbitrary quantum numbers by the use of the transformation coefficients related with the permutations of the last two particles. This article explains how to obtain fully antisymmetrized wave functions consisting of spin-isospin and hyperspherical parts. It is demonstrated that there are sixteen possible combinations in (3+1) configuration and 12 possible combinations in (2+2) configuration when spin and isospin functions are represented by [4], [31], and [22] representations of the four-particle permutation group S4. A complete set of the fully antisymmetrized four-particle wave functions is obtained. It is demonstrated that proposed mathematical formalism can be easily generalized to obtain fully antisymmetrized wave functions for the systems of five and more particles.
Dark photon and Axion-like particle search at BESIII
Authors: Ding Xiaoxuan
Published: September 2024

Numerous indirect astronomical and cosmological evidences have suggested the existence of dark matter (DM) in the universe. Its existence provides a strong hint that there may be a dark sector, consisting of particles that do not interact with the known strong, weak, or electromagnetic force. Intriguingly, this dark sector might couple to the Standard Model via portals, which include the possibility of axion-like particle, light Higgs boson, dark photon and spin- 1/2 fermions. BESIII experiment has collected the largest data samples at the J/ψ and ψ(3686) on threshold in the world, which provides a clean reaction environment to search for dark sector and new physics. This proceeding summarizes the recent results in the search of dark photon and axion-like particles published by the BESIII Collaboration.
X17 discovery potential in γd → e+e−pn at MAGIX@MESA
Authors: Mommers Cornelis J.G. , Vanderhaeghen Marc
Published: September 2024

We propose a direct search experiment for X17 using deuteron photodisintegration, γd → e+e−pn, at the MAGIX@MESA experiment. X17 is a boson conjectured by the ATOMKI collaboration to explain anomalous signals around 17 MeV in excited 8Be, 12C and 4He nuclear decays. It is the subject of an intense, global research program; an experiment at an electron accelerator would complement the ongoing effort to verify X17’s existence. Using the plane-wave impulse approximation around the neutron quasi-free peak, we show that an enhanced X17 signal over the QED background is visible in γd → e+e−pn, assuming pseudoscalar, vector and axial-vector X17 scenarios. Additionally, we discuss how our calculation may be generalized to searches for a generic dark boson in a photon-deuteron reaction.
The AMBER Experiment at CERN
Authors: Friedrich Jan M.
Published: September 2024

NA66/AMBER has been approved by CERN in 2020 as a new multipurpose facility for experiments in meson and baryon physics. In a first beamtime in 2023, data have been taken for the determination of antiproton production cross-sections in proton-helium collisions, needed for the interpretation of cosmic antimatter observations. Preparations are ongoing for a measurement of the proton charge radius in high-energy muon-proton scattering. This measurement will feature substantially different systematics than other approaches and aims at clarifying the present discrepancies. Further, experiments to study the partonic structure of mesons in Drell-Yan processes and strange-meson spectroscopy are on the menu of AMBER.
S3-Leitlinie Klinische Ernährung bei
Pankreaserkrankungen
Authors: Ockenga Johann , Fromhold-Treu Sophie , Löser Christian , Madl Christian , Martignoni Marc , Meier Rémy , Rubin Diana , Schütte Kerstin , Stang Katharina , Török Helga Paula , Wehle Lena , Weimann Arved
Published: September 2024

Sowohl die akute als auch die chronische Pankreatitis sind häufige Erkrankungen,
die ein erhebliches Risiko für eine Mangelernährung mit sich bringen und eine
Ernährungstherapie erfordern können. In ca. 20% der akuten Pankreatitiden tritt
eine nekrotisierende Pankreatitis auf, die mit einer erhöhten Morbidität und
Mortalität verbunden ist. Hier ist oftmals eine Ernährungstherapie mittels einer
enteralen oder parenteralen Ernährung notwendig, die neben medikamentösen,
endoskopischen, radiologischen oder chirurgischen Maßnahmen eine etablierte
Säule der multimodalen Therapie darstellt.

Bei der chronischen Pankreatitis handelt es sich um eine chronische Entzündung
der Bauchspeicheldrüse mit Entwicklung einer Fibrose und langfristig Atrophie
des Organs. Bauchschmerzen, die zu einer verminderten oralen Aufnahme von
Nährstoffen führen, sowie exokrines und endokrines Versagen sind häufige
Komplikationen der Krankheit. All diese Faktoren stellen Risikofaktoren für eine
Unter- bzw. Mangelernährung dar. Daher sollten Patienten mit chronischer
Pankreatitis als ernährungsmedizinische Risikopatienten betrachtet, untersucht
und entsprechend behandelt werden. Darüber hinaus sollte bei Patienten mit
chronischer Pankreatitis auf Osteoporose und ein erhöhtes Frakturrisiko geachtet
werden, und entsprechende Präventivmaßnahmen erwogen werden.
„Rauchfrei im Mai 2024“ – Konzept und Deskription der Teilnehmenden
Authors: Hanewinkel Reiner , Barthels Friederike , Isensee Barbara
Published: September 2024

Hintergrund In Deutschland rauchen zu viele Menschen und die Zahl ernsthafter Rauchstoppversuche sinkt seit Jahren.

Methode Rauchfrei im Mai 2024 ist eine niedrigschwellige Maßnahme zur Förderung eines Rauchstopps. An dem Mitmachmonat konnten erwachsene Personen, die „regelmäßig“ Nikotinprodukte konsumieren, sowie unterstützende Personen teilnehmen. Während des Mitmachmonats erhielten die Teilnehmenden und Unterstützenden das Angebot einer täglichen Begleitung mittels App-Notifications, E-Mails und/oder über WhatsApp. Zudem wurden sie auf bestehende Rauchstoppangebote aufmerksam gemacht. Schließlich wurden unter den erfolgreich Teilnehmenden Gewinne verlost.

Ergebnisse 6386 Personen meldeten sich zur Teilnahme an. Von diesen haben 550 Personen eine Person ihrer Wahl zu ihrer Unterstützung mit angemeldet. Die Raucherinnen und Raucher waren überwiegend weiblich (56,5%) und im Durchschnitt 42,9 (SD=13,2) Jahre alt. Die Teilnehmenden stammten aus allen Bundesländern Deutschlands, in Relation zur Bevölkerungsverteilung überproportional häufig aus den Bundesländern Bremen, Schleswig-Holstein, Berlin, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Hamburg und Bayern. Im Vergleich zur repräsentativen Stichprobe der Studie des Robert Koch-Instituts aus dem Jahr 2012 gaben die Teilnehmenden einen signifikant höheren subjektiven sozioökonomischen Status an. 79,3% der Teilnehmenden stuften ihre Abhängigkeit als hoch ein. Der regelmäßige Gebrauch von mehreren Nikotinprodukten trat bei 35,3% der Stichprobe auf. 39,8% der teilnehmenden Personen gaben an, in den letzten 12 Monaten keinen Rauchstoppversuch durchgeführt zu haben.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Zahl der teilnehmenden Raucherinnen und Raucher ist ermutigend. Neben einer erforderlichen Wirksamkeitsstudie sollte in den folgenden Jahren geprüft werden, wie gezielt noch mehr Männer sowie Personen mit niedrigem subjektivem sozialem Status zur Initiierung eines Rauchstopps gewonnen werden können.
Gesundheitsförderung und Gesundheitskompetenz in den rechtlichen
Grundlagen des österreichischen Gesundheitswesens
Authors: Marent Johannes , Aistleithner Regina
Published: September 2024

Fragestellung Die Gesundheitsreform im Jahr 2005 hatte das politische
Ziel, das Gesundheitswesen stärker an Gesundheitsförderung (GF) und
Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) auszurichten. Inwiefern die Rechts- und
Ausbildungsgrundlagen im österreichischen Gesundheitswesen eine Basis für eine
Orientierung an GF und GK bieten, ist Gegenstand des vorliegenden Artikels. Es
wird dabei insbesondere auf die rechtlichen Grundlagen der ärztlichen Berufe,
der Gesundheits- und Krankenpflegeberufe sowie einrichtungsbezogen auf
Krankenanstalten und Primärversorgungseinheiten fokussiert und analysiert,
inwiefern diese GF und GK im Gesundheitswesen einfordern.

Methode In einem ersten Schritt wurden die zentralen Rechtsgrundlagen und
weitere Unterlagen gesichtet. Auf dieser Basis wurde literaturgestützt ein
Codierraster zur Prüfung der Rechtsgrundlagen erstellt. In einem weiteren
Schritt wurden die rechtlichen Grundlagen anhand des Codierrasters analysiert
und interpretiert. Die Interpretation orientierte sich an den Kriterien der
einzelnen Codes. Aus der Analyse rechtlicher Grundlagen wurden Empfehlungen
abgeleitet.

Ergebnisse Gesundheitsförderung und Gesundheitskompetenz sind in den
rechtlichen Grundlagen enthalten. GF und GK werden jedoch vor allem als von der
Krankenbehandlung unabhängige Leistungen mit gesonderter Finanzierung konzipiert
und damit weniger als integraler Bestandteil jeglichen Patientenkontakts
verstanden. Die Organisationsform der Primärversorgungseinheit sowie die
Gesundheits- und Krankenpflegeberufe haben hinsichtlich GF und GK gegenüber
Krankenanstalten und ärztlichen Berufen einen relativ klaren Auftrag. Insgesamt
wurde erkannt, dass Begrifflichkeiten teilweise nicht kohärent verwendet werden
und für die unterschiedlichen Versorgungsbereiche operationalisiert werden
sollten. Insbesondere die Rechtsgrundlagen, die die ärztlichen Berufe betreffen,
bauen nicht schlüssig aufeinander auf.

Schlussfolgerungen Die Rahmenbedingungen, insbesondere die
Personalausstattung, der kompetenzorientierte Einsatz und die Teamarbeit, sind
zentrale Grundlagen, damit GF und GK in der Praxis stattfinden bzw. Anwendung
finden können. Sind diese vorhanden, sollten Kompetenzen in den Bereichen GF und
GK gefordert, gefördert, bewertet und honoriert werden. GF und GK sollten
integraler Bestandteil jeglichen Versorgungsbereichs sein. Die Begriffe GF und
GK sind in den Rechtsgrundlagen der Gesundheitsberufe und der Organisationen zu
operationalisieren. Das trifft insbesondere auf das Ärztegesetz und auf
Krankenanstalten zu. Darüber hinaus gilt es, die Rolle der Patientinnen und
Patienten zu stärken und die Einbindung der Nutzer:innen in die Planung von
Gesundheitsdienstleistungen rechtlich zu verankern.
Pflegerische und ärztlich delegierbare Maßnahmen bei
päd.-onkologischen Patienten als ambulant aufsuchende Versorgung – Das Projekt
KIKHomeCare
Authors: Toenne Rebecca , Kristiment Rebecca , Waack Katharina , Schneider Dominik T. , Simon Thorsten , Reinhardt Dirk
Published: September 2024

Hintergrund Im Zeitraum von 2019 bis 2022 wurden in einem Pilotprojekt in
Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) pädiatrische, hämato-onkologische PatientInnen im
Rahmen einer häuslich aufsuchenden pflegerischen Versorgung betreut, die sowohl
pflegerische als auch ärztlich delegierbare Maßnahmen umfasste. Die Aufnahme von
PatientInnen in diese Versorgungsform erfolgte auf ärztliche Zuweisung.

Fragestellung Das Ziel bestand in der Überprüfung der Machbarkeit einer
solchen Versorgung im Kontext pädiatrisch hämato-onkologischer Erkrankungen.

Methode Zur Evaluation wurde ein Dokumentationssystem konzipiert und
angewandt, welches es ermöglichte, relevante Versorgungsdaten auszuwerten. Die
Auswertung erfolgte mittels deskriptiver Statistik und
qualitativ-inhaltsanalytischer Kategorienbildung.

Ergebnisse Von 11/2019 bis 12/2022 wurden insgesamt N=475
hamäto-onkologische PatientInnen in das Versorgungsprojekt aufgenommen und
n=4005 Hausbesuche in 242 PLZ-Gebieten in NRW durchgeführt. Der überwiegende
Anteil von delegierbaren ärztlichen Tätigkeiten bestand aus Blutabnahmen
(79,2%). Die Beurteilung des Allgemeinzustandes (96,5%) stellte den größten
Anteil der Versorgungsleistungen dar. Komplikationen im Zusammenhang mit der
Versorgungsform traten nicht auf.

Diskussion Die pflegerisch-ambulant aufsuchende Versorgung von
pädiatrischen, hämato-onkologischen PatientInnen zeigte sich als patienten- und
teamorientierte Versorgungsform und scheint eine Alternative zur ausschließlich
klinischen Versorgung zu sein. Mutmaßlich ist eine Übertragung auf andere
Spezialbereiche der Pädiatrie möglich. Im nächsten Schritt bedarf es einer
prospektiven multizentrischen randomisierten Studie, um ein verlässliches Bild
über die tatsächlichen Möglichkeiten und Grenzen zu erhalten.
The Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Arylated Tetrathiafulvalenes Extended with an Anthraquinoid Spacer via Pd-Catalyzed C–H Arylation
Authors: Yoshimura Aya , Misaki Yohji , Aso Yuto , Utsumi Ryosuke , Tosa Fuma
Published: September 2024

We synthesized diarylated 10-(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)anthracene-9-(10H)-one derivatives, which serve as important precursors of unsymmetrical arylated TTFAQs, via the palladium-catalyzed direct C–H arylation. Unsymmetrical diarylated TTFAQs were synthesized by the Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction using diarylated 10-(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)anthracene-9-(10H)-one as the starting materials. Additionally, we have successfully synthesized unsymmetrical tetraarylated TTFAQs by a second palladium-catalyzed C–H arylation of diarylated TTFAQs.
Remote out-of-hours ultrasound live supervision in pediatrics – improvement of diagnostics and training
Authors: Cetiner Metin , Kavuk Selin , Finkelberg Ilja , Kreuzer Martin , Okorn Christine , Prusinskas Benas , Schiepek Felix , Jägers Johannes , Pape Lars , Büscher Anja
Published: September 2024

Purpose Ultrasound (US) is the preferred imaging modality in pediatrics for diagnostic and therapeutic issues. The absence of radiation and the constant on-site accessibility make it the ideal tool for children. However, despite remarkable technical advances in resolution and applicability, many sophisticated medical questions still require profound expertise on the part of the examiner, thus often hampering fast decisions particularly outside regular working hours.

Materials and Methods This single-center study, at a university children’s hospital evaluated the use of US during emergency service. A four-week documentation period was followed by a subsequent eight-week supervision period with live supervision availability on demand guided by a remote US expert. The demand for expert support, diagnosis, grading of urgency, duration and success of examination, and satisfaction of both examiners were analyzed.

Results 108 patients (mean age 9.7 years) were included. In 38% of cases, US was supervised on demand with a definite diagnosis in 92.6% of cases (25/27). Image quality and technical performance were graded sufficient in 100% of cases. Supervised compared to non-supervised US examinations were prolonged (14.4 min vs. 7.1 min, p<0.001), were more prevalent within the first 24 h in the hospital (70% vs. 56.8%, p=0.06), and were classified more frequently as emergency (22.2% vs. 2.3%; p=0.015). All participants classified the availability of US supervision as decisively helpful.

Conclusion Remote live supervised pediatric US was feasible and effective. It combined timely, high-quality diagnostics even in the case of challenging medical questions with simultaneous US training.
Electrochemically Promoted Regioselective C3–H Trifluoro/Difluoromethylation of 2H-Indazoles at Room Temperature
Authors: Behera Mousumi , Sahu Ajit Kumar , Bhat Ramakrishna G. , Shukla Shubham Y.
Published: September 2024

A green and sustainable electrochemical approach is developed for the regioselective C3–H trifluoro/difluoromethylation of 2H-indazoles at room temperature. Relatively less expensive C-soft (+)/Ni-foam (–) electrodes are utilized to selectively functionalize the 2H-indazoles effectively by avoiding the use of any external oxidant and transition-metal salt. Moreover, along with the C3–H trifluoromethylation, for the very first time, direct C3–H difluoromethylation of 2-phenyl-2H-indazoles is accomplished. Diverse C3–H trifluoro/difluoromethylated 2H-indazoles having an array of functionalities are successfully synthesized in moderate to very good yields. As an application, a precursor of both an estrogen receptor ligand and an acetyl Co-A carboxylase inhibitor is synthesized. A plausible reaction mechanism is proposed based on control experiments and cyclic voltammetry studies.
Versorgungsdynamik von „Umsonst & Draußen“-Musikfestivals in
ländlich-geprägten Gemeinden am Beispiel des Pol’and Rock Festivals – eine
epidemiologische, retrospektive Studie im Zeitraum 2017 bis 2022
Authors: Humbsch Philipp , Studzinska Maja , Jastrzebska Izabela , Gintrowicz Robert
Published: September 2024

Hintergrund Das Wissen über die Epidemiologie von Musikfestivals ist
lückenhaft. Musikfestivals sind eine Herausforderung für das Sanitätspersonal
und die Veranstaltungsgemeinde bei der medizinischen Versorgung. Ziel Ziel
dieser Studie war es, Vorstellungsgründe, Patientenzahl, Transportrate und
Tageszeiten bei einem der größten Musikfestivals in Europa von 2017 bis 2022 zu
erfassen und zu vergleichen. Hieraus sollen Merkmale solcher Veranstaltungen
abgeleitet werden.

Methoden Die retrospektive Studie konnte auf die medizinische
Dokumentation des Veranstalters des „Pol’and Rock“ Festivals in Polen
zurückgreifen. Es wurde der Zusammenhang von PPTT (Patients per Ten Thousand),
TTHR (Transport to Hospital Rates) und Besucherzahl, sowie Patientenaufkommen
und der Vorstellungszeitpunkt geprüft. Eine Darstellung wichtiger Merkmale in
der Organisation der Absicherung erfolgte deskriptiv.

Ergebnisse Bei 1,48 Millionen Besuchern von 2017 bis 2022 stellten sich
6719 als Patienten vor. Es gab zwei Gipfel im Patientenaufkommen, einer in der
Zeit von 12–14 Uhr und einer in der Zeit von 20–22 Uhr (p<0,0001). Die
mediane PPTH liegt bei 45, die mediane TTRH lag bei 0,0638.

Schlussfolgerung Es gibt keine signifikante Korrelation von PPTT und TTRH
mit der Besucherzahl im Betrachtungszeitraum. Die Tageszeit hat signifikanten
Einfluss auf das Patientenaufkommen. Aufgrund langer Transportwege vom
Festivalgelände zur nächsten Klinik, ist es wichtig, bereits auf dem Gelände
eine hochwertige Versorgung der Patienten zu leisten. Weitere Untersuchungen zur
Epidemiologie von Musikfestivals sind notwendig.