bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptation of the Theoretical Approaches to Control the Process of Training Crews of MSVs on the Technical Training Facilities with regard to Lunar Expeditions.
Authors: Kuritsyn A.A.
Published: October 2020

Further development of national manned cosmonautics stipulates designing and building a new manned transport spacecraft with regard to lunar and deep space missions. Accordingly, the elaboration of the programs of training cosmonauts on the simulators of lunar manned vehicles and habitable constructions (manned transport spacecraft, lunar takeoff-and-landing complex, lunar modules, stations, and bases) under construction should be scientifically reasoned and relied on a store of experience in training crews of national MSVs.
Study of the relationships between the builders of crystal formation in table wines
Authors: Гержикова Виктория Григорьевна , Аникина Надежда Станиславовна , Весютова Антонина Валерьевна , Ермихина Марианна Вадимовна , Рябинина Ольга Викторовна , Чурсина Ольга Алексеевна
Published: October 2020

Изучались процессы формирования тартратных солей калия и кальция в винах в зависимости от различных соотношений компонентов и рН. В работе использовано 212 образцов белых столовых сухих вин, выработанных на предприятиях Крыма. В образцах определяли значения рН, массовую концентрацию винной кислоты и ее форм, катионов калия и кальция, температуру насыщения вин битартратом калия (Тнас KHTar) и тартратом кальция (Тнас СаТ). По экспериментальным данным рассчитывали соотношения: винной кислоты к рН, битартратной формы к катиону калия (HT/К), тартратной формы к катиону кальция (T/Са), а также двух последних соотношений к рН. Полученные данные обрабатывались в программной среде Exсel MS Office. Установлен различный характер процессов, протекающих в винах под влиянием рН: повышение значения Тнас KHTar сопровождается снижением рН, повышение Тнас СаТ - возрастанием рН. Увеличение вклада содержания винной кислоты на единицу рН приводит к повышению склонности образцов к образованию тартратных солей. Между температурой насыщения вин битартратом калия и тартратом кальция установлена линейная зависимость (R = 0,963 и 0,968). Общим признаком формирования калиевых и кальциевых тартратных солей в вине является зависимость температуры насыщения от соотношений (HT/К)/рН и (T/(Са)/рН. Полученные результаты будут использованы для совершенствования методики диагностики кристаллических помутнений вин.

The processes of formation of potassium and calcium tartrate salts in wines were studied in accordance with the equivalence ratio and pH. During the work we used 212 samples of white table dry wines produced in the enterprises of Crimea. The values of pH, mass concentration of tartaric acid and its forms, potassium and calcium cations, temperature of wine saturation with potassium bitartrate (Тsat KHTar) and calcium tartrate (Тsat CaT) were determined in samples. Experimental entries were used to calculate the ratios: tartaric acid to pH, bitartrate form to potassium cation (HT/К), tartrate form to calcium cation (T/Са), as well as the last two ratios to pH. The entries obtained were processed in Excel MS Office software. Different nature of processes in wines under the influence of pH was established: an increase in the value of Тsat KHTar is accompanied by a decrease in pH, an increase in Тsat CaT - by an increase in pH. An increase in the contribution of tartaric acid content per pH unit leads to an increase in the tendency of samples to form tartrate salts. A linear dependence was established between the saturation temperature of wines with potassium bitartrate and calcium tartrate (R= 0.963 and 0.968). A common feature of the formation of potassium and calcium tartrate salts in wine is the dependence of the saturation temperature on the ratios (HT/К)/рН and (T/(Са)/рН. The results obtained will be used to improve the methods of diagnosing the crystalline haze of wines.
Pengaruh Latihan Ballhandling Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Dribble Pada Siswa Ekstrakurikuler Bola Basket SMA Negeri 1 Subang
Authors: Saputra Rizki , Al-Hadist Gempar , Haris Iyan Nurdiyan
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Latihan Ballhandling Terhadap Peningkatan Kemampuan Dribble Pada Siswa Ekstrakurikuler Bola Basket SMA Negeri 1 Subang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain “One Group Pretest Posttest Design”. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa ekstrakurikuler bola basket SMA Negeri 1 Subang yang berjumlah 13 orang. Sampel yang diambil dari hasil total sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan  untuk mengukur kemampuan dribble adalah AAHPERD basketball control dribble Test. Validitas tes sebesar 0.37 – 0.91” dan Reabilitas tes sebesar 0.88 – 0.95’. Hasil penelitian tersebut dideskripsikan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif sebagai berikut, untuk hasil pretest, rata-rata (mean) = 10.42, dengan simpangan baku (std. Deviation) = 0.87, sedangkan untuk posttest, rata-rata (mean) = 9.75, dengan simpangan baku (std. Deviation) = 0.62. Hasil analisis data menunjukan bahwa: latihan ballhandling memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan dribble siswa ekstrakurikuler bola basket SMA Negeri 1 Subang, dengan nilai signifikansi p sebesar 0.000 < 0.05.
Hubungan Kualitas Tidur Mood dan Kinerja pada Atlet Bola Voli Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Cirebon
Authors: Sri Sundari
Published: October 2020

Abstrak

Investigasi ini menganalisis hubungan antara kualitas tidur, suasana hati, dan hasil latihan pada atlet bola voli UNTAG Cirebon. Peserta (n = 35 atlet bola voli, 25 (71,4%) pria dan 10 (28,6%) wanita) menyelesaikan latihan selama 30 hari dan melaporkan persepsi tidur subjektif mereka. Atlet dengan kualitas tidur yang buruk melaporkan skor yang lebih tinggi untuk kebingungan dibandingkan dengan atlet dengan kualitas tidur yang baik (p <0.01, d = 0.43). Selain itu, atlet yang kalah pada saat evaluasi menunjukkan tingkat ketegangan (p <0,01, d = 0,49) dan kebingungan (p <0,01, d = 0,32) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan atlet yang memenangkan permainannya. Analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa untuk setiap peningkatan poin dalam tingkat kebingungan, ada penurunan kualitas tidur sebesar 19,7%. Analisis varians multivariat menunjukkan bahwa atlet yang tidur nyenyak, dan memenangkan pertandingan, memiliki tingkat ketegangan yang lebih rendah. Lebih lanjut, hasil kami menunjukkan bahwa mood para atlet terkait dengan kesuksesan mereka dalam sebuah pertandingan. Oleh karena itu, dalam sebuah pertandingan, penting bagi para atlet untuk menunjukkan kualitas tidur yang baik, serta menggunakan teknik dan strategi untuk meredakan variasi mood mereka.

Kata Kunci: Latihan, psikologi, olahraga tim
Study on the properties of stretchable belt under deformation
Authors: Vyshinski N. V.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this work is to theoretically study the contact interaction of a pre-stretched flexible elastic tensile belt with a fixed pulley. The case of linear distribution of the specific pressure from the pulley on the belt along the length of the coverage arc is considered. For this case, an expression is obtained for the belt tension force distributed along the coverage arc. It is shown that for a flexible link in the form of a tape, there are two types of sections within the coverage arc: two symmetrically arranged sections of an elastically deformable tape corresponding to the sliding arcs, and a section of a non-deformable tape located between them. Under certain conditions, there is no non-deformable section of the tape, i.e. the tape is elastically deformed within the entire coverage arc, which in this case is a sliding arc. Theoretical studies of the contact interaction of an elastically deformable flexible link with a fixed pulley have revealed the effect of independence of the length of the sliding arc, i.e., the flexible link that is deformed in the coverage area, from the tension force. The length of this section is determined by the angle of coverage and the coefficient of friction for the flexible link and pulley materials. The results obtained add to the information about the mechanics of interaction of the flexible link with the leading and driven links of the belt drive and allow you to get additional information about the phenomenon of elastic sliding that occurs in these gears.
String processing model for knowledge-driven systems
Authors: Ivashenko V. P.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the work is to confirm experimentally theoretical estimates for time complexity of operations of the string processing model linked with the metric space for solving data processing problems in knowledge-driven systems including the research and comparison of the operation characteristics of these operations with the characteristics of similar operations for the most relevant data structures. Integral and unit testing were used to obtain the results of the performed computational experiments and verify their correctness. The C \ C++ implementation of operations of the string processing model was tested. The paper gives definitions of concepts necessary for the calculation of metric features calculated over strings. As a result of the experiments, theoretical estimates of the computational complexity of the implemented operations and the validity of the choice of parameters of the used data structures were confirmed, which ensures near-optimal throughput and operation time indicators of operations. According to the obtained results, the advantage is the ability to guarantee the time complexity of the string processing operations no higher than O  at all stages of a life cycle of data structures used to represent strings, from their creation to destruction, which allows for high throughput in data processing and responsiveness of systems built on the basis of the implemented operations. In case of solving particular string processing problems and using more suitable for these cases data structures such as vector or map the implemented operations have disadvantages meaning they are inferior in terms of the amount of data processed per time unit. The string processing model is focused on the application in knowledge-driven systems at the data management level.
Simulation of electromagnetic field distribution in the measuring cell for determining the dielectric permittivity of materials at microwave frequencies
Authors: Pevneva N. A. , Kopshai A. A. , Gurskii A. L.
Published: October 2020

To determine the dielectric permittivity of materials in a wide frequency range with the automation of measurements and the necessary accuracy, measuring cells have been created to ensure the simplicity of the design of the waveguide path. In order to obtain information about the suitability of measuring cells based on irregular SHF waveguides for estimation of dielectric parameters of materials, we simulated the structure of electromagnetic field in the system consisting of two irregular waveguides and waveguide chamber placed between them using a three-dimensional electrodynamic simulation in Ansoft HFSS package environment. The distribution of the electric field was simulated when an empty polyethylene tube, a rod of fluoroplastic and a rod of textolite are placed in the measuring cell. It was demonstrated that high order modes fade out in irregular waveguide and do not affect the precision of obtained results, and significant edge effects were not detected. It allows one to utilize measuring cells based on irregular waveguides together with a scalar or vector network analyzer and using the partial filling of the waveguide method or the modified Nicholson – Ross – Weir method for measurements of dielectric permittivity  of materials. The results of modeling the dependence of the amplitude and phase of the reflection coefficient of the textolite and fluoroplastic on the frequency in Ansoft HFSS environment are given. The simulation results are compared with the results obtained experimentally. The frequency dependencies of  were obtained experimentally for test materials – textolite and fluoroplastic – in the frequency range of 25,95–37,50 GHz. The experimental data are in satisfactory agreement with the results of theoretical calculations and do not go beyond the boundaries specified by the measurement uncertainty.
Synthesis of a measuring composite signal for assessing the security of speech signals during discrete-quantized transformation
Authors: Zheleznjak V. K. , Lavrov S. V. , Filipovich A. G. , Baranouski M. M.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the work is to systematically analyze and generalize a high-precision measuring signal for assessing the security in leakage channels in high-level noise by discrete-quantized representation of speech signals using the principles of amplitude-pulse modulation. It has been established that time sampling and level quantization of high-speed high-quality speech signals for digitalization are the main sources of information leakage. It is shown that to determine the degree of information security for high-quality high-speed transmission in broadband information transmission channels, it is necessary to use a complex measuring (test) composite signal. Requirements for the measuring signal are determined by the features of the discretequantized representation of speech signals. It is proposed to use a periodic pulse sequence of a triangular shape as a measuring signal. The triangular measurement signal has an advantage over the harmonic signal in the quantization noise extraction process, since allows you to achieve higher accuracy when processing it. To assess the security of the channel due to pulse-amplitude modulation, a harmonic signal is used, formed from a periodic pulse sequence of a triangular shape by the Fourier transform method. The use of the proposed measuring composite signal makes it possible to establish its numerical dependence with the numerical value of the signal taken as normalized and compare it to make a decision about the security of the speech signal. The materials presented in the article are original and can be used to assess the security of the channels of leakage of speech signals converted into digital form. In addition, the results obtained make it possible to carry out further studies of the security of speech signals during their reverse conversion from digital form to the original signal.
MINILAPAROTOMIC ACCESS UNDER INTRAOPERATIVE ULTRASOUND NAVIGATION. EXPERIENCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION
Authors: Demin DB B , Solodov YuYu Yu , Laykov AV V , Funigin MS S , Gusev NS S
Published: October 2020

Aim - to evaluate the effectiveness of minilaparotomic access under intraoperative ultrasound navigation in the surgical treatment of liquid formations in the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space in comparison with the puncture-draining interventions under ultrasound guidance. Material and methods. The analysis covered the treatment of 77 patients with interventions for liquid formations of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space using minimally invasive ultrasound-controlled technologies. Among them, 33 patients underwent puncture-draining interventions under ultrasound navigation (I group). Group II consisted of 44 patients with minilaparotomic surgery under intraoperative ultrasound guidance. Results. It is shown that minilaparotomic access under intraoperative ultrasound navigation allows performing one-step sanitation and drainage of abdominal structures of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space, containing in the lumen not only liquid, but also dense necrotic tissues. Conclusion. The process is technically feasible in any surgical hospital, economically relevant, since it does not require the purchase of additional equipment. Application of this method can significantly reduce postoperative mortality.
MODERN METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS IN ORTHODONTICS
Authors: Arkhipov AV V , Loginova EA A , Arkhipov VD D
Published: October 2020

The paper presents the possibilities of the virtual planning of orthodontic treatment with programs In Vivo Anatomage and 3Shape Ortho Analyzer, which allows you to create an individual plan of orthodontic treatment. Using three-dimensional cephalometric analysis and cone-beam computed tomography eliminates the risk of complications during orthodontic tooth moving. Aim - to determine the main directions of application of three-dimensional cephalometric analysis in orthodontist’s practice Materials and methods. The study involved 20 patients aged between 18 and 35 years (women 85%, men 15%). All patients underwent cone-beam computed tomography of the facial region of the skull conducted on a tomograph with a matrix 16h10. To obtain the most objective data, a wide range of clinical and other diagnostic methods was used in the study: clinical (survey, visual examination of face and oral cavity, clinical functional tests), anthropometric (measurement of jaw models in the program 3Shape Ortho Analyzer), CBCT of the facial region of the skull and cervical part of the spine. The survey was conducted on every patient according to the developed protocol. 1. Assessment of the dental hard tissues (diagnosis of caries, pulpitis and periodontitis), periapical periodontal tissues, and the state of the cortical bone; construction of three-dimensional panoramic reconstruction to determine the parallelism of the roots and their position in the bone of the alveolar processes on the vestibular and lingual surfaces. 2. Assessment of the patency of airways. 3. Evaluation of the bone elements of the temporomandibular joint on both sides, determining the position of articular head in the glenoid fossa. 4. Three-dimensional cephalometric analysis. 5. Superimposition of the data of the facial skull computed tomography; analysis of the changes in the course of dental treatment. The results of research. The obtained CBCT of the facial skull, processed in the program In Vivo Anatomage version 5.2, allows specifying the status and location of the bony structures of the temporomandibular joint, sinuses, individual structural features of the upper and lower jaws, dental roots deep in the alveolar processes and their correlation to the cortical plate. Additional features of the program are the opportunity to study the airways, combination of the scanned plaster models in .Stl format and superimposition of one CT scan to the other to produce a report on the changes that occurred. Discussion. The computer program allows correction of congenital abnormalities of dentition, reducing the risk of complications to a minimum. Moreover, the expected result can be predicted at the initial stage of treatment. The main advantage of CBCT is the possibility to determine the exact anatomical parameters of a patient without overlapping of adjacent structures and projection distortion of the sizes of anatomical structures.
SEMICENTENARY OF DENTAL EDUCATION IN SAMARA STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Authors: Trunin DA A
Published: October 2020

In 2016 the Department of Dentistry (Institute of Dentistry) of Samara State Medical University celebrates its 50th anniversary. During these years, several thousands of qualified dentists have graduated from our university. The article is devoted to the history of development of dental education in Samara State Medical University, to the founding fathers of the Department of Dentistry, and also to the modern image of the Institute of Dentistry of SSMU. Today it is an educational system with well-developed infrastructure that trains future specialists at the highest level.
COMBINING METHODS OF FREQUENCY FILTERING AND NONLINEAR ANALYSIS FOR SOMNOLOGICAL STUDY OF EEG SIGNALS
Authors: Antipov O I , Zakharov A V
Published: October 2020

Aim - combined use of frequency and nonlinear analysis methods for obtaining hypnograms by analyzing electroencephalographic (EEG) signals during somnological studies. Methods. Frequency filtering methods were used for preliminary treatment of EEG signals before the following nonlinear analysis. As non-linear methods of analysis we used fractal methods of deterministic chaos, such as Hurst’s method of the normalized amplitude, approximate entropy method, calculation of the correlation integral by Grassberger and Procaccia’s method. For the possibility of applying the last two methods we used quasi phase space recovery method according to the Taken’s theorem. As a result of non-linear analysis we obtained hypnograms reflecting the transition between the stages of sleep in patients undergoing somnological examination. To assess the reliability of the results, they were compared to the hypnograms obtained by the classical method based on the rules of Rehchaffen and Keyls. Also the problems associated with the occurrence of various types of interference were considered and methods for reducing their influence on the final results were suggested. Results. We can conclude that using these methods with appropriate selection of the parameters, employing the necessary normalization of raw data, and averaging the results allow us to obtain hypnogram having a full match of defined phases of sleep for about half of the periods recorded by EEG. To obtain these results it is sufficient to use only one channel of EEG recording.
POSTURAL DISORDERS PROGNOSIS AMONG ELDERLY PEOPLE
Authors: Khivintseva E V , Veselova E D , Bogomazova C A , Marinovskaya V B , Petrov K A
Published: October 2020

Aim - finding out the features of postural disorders among elderly people. Materials and methods. 47 patients above the age of 90 were analyzed. There were no disorders in particular functional systems to be noticed in these patients’ neurological status, although the patients complained of problems with balance function. All the patients were neurologically examined; the anamnesis data and computer stabilometry were investigated. Control group included patients of different age groups without any balance dysfunction according to computer stabilometry data. We used logistic regression to elicit connection between clinical and instrumental factors. Only significant regressors were taken into consideration. Results. The difference between the group of long-livers and the other age groups is about the modification of universal statokinesigram indicators. The suggested mathematical model included the area of statokinesigram, the speed of changing of the pressure center, Romberg’s coefficient and spectral statokinesigram parameters. Swift of the statokinesigram frequency range towards the low frequency characterizes tension or “failure” of compensatory mechanisms providing postural functions in this age group. Sensibility of this model is 95.5%, specificity is 69.5%. Conclusion. Long-living patients can be characterized as a group with a high risk of postural disorders and falls. Obtained mathematical model can be used in the daily clinical practice to verify the risk of falls among long-livers who complain of balance dysfunction.
ANALYSIS OF INFLUENCE OF RUTIN AND GRAVITY ACTION ON THE RENAL EXCRETORY FUNCTION
Authors: Zaitceva E N , Dubishchev A V , Kurkin V A
Published: October 2020

Aim - to analyze the effect of rutin on the renal excretory function in the conditions of normogravity and hypergravity. Materials and methods. 9 series of experiments were conducted, including 4 series with the use of a centrifuge of ultra-short radius. The effect of rutin in the dose of 10 mg/kg on the renal excretory function was studied in normal conditions and in combination with the gravity action 3g. All the animals received 3% water load intragastrically and were placed into exchange cages for 24 hours. We obtained urine samples and determined the amount and the concentration of sodium, potassium and creatinine. Results. It was found that under normal conditions rutin, administered intragastrically in a dose of 10 mg/kg, promotes significant increase in diuresis and saluresis solely due to the inhibition of tubular reabsorption. Rutin in a dose of 10 mg/kg in combination with the gravity action enhances its original diuretic activity by complex influence on tubular and glomerular kidney structures. Rutin alone and rutin in combination with hypergravity stimulates the excretory function of the kidneys similarly to hydrochlorothiazide, but has a shorter latent period. Conclusion. The use of rutin combined with the gravity action contributes to the stimulation of the renal excretory function not only due to the tubular component, but also due to the glomerular one.
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF REMOTE RESULTS OF NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL METHODS OF COMPLEX TREATMENT OF OBLITERATING ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES IN PATIENTS OF ELDERLY AND SENILE AGE
Authors: Shchukin YuV V , Makarov IV V , Lukashova AV V
Published: October 2020

Aim - to estimate the remote results of treatment of obliterating atherosclerosis of arteries of the lower extremities of the II stage in patients of advanced and senile age after the combined use of ozone therapy and gravitational therapy. Materials and methods. A prospective randomized study in three parallel groups comprised 139 patients. The first group (n = 57) received standard medical therapy in combination with ozone therapy; the group was divided into two subgroups: the patients of subgroup 1a (n = 28) received intravenous ozonated physiological solution, in subgroup 1b (n = 29) - major ozonated autohemotherapy (MOA). Patients of the second group (n = 62) underwent comprehensive treatment, including gravitational therapy (GT) in addition to medical ozone. In this group we also identified two subgroups: subgroup 2a (n = 31), in which the patients received standard medical therapy in combination with ozonated physiological solution and gravitational therapy, and subgroup 2b (n = 31), in which the treatment was amplified by MOA and GT. The third group was the control group (n = 20) that included patients who received only standard medical therapy. Dynamics of changes of disease stages and the number of surgeries in the remote period was estimated (up to 7 years). Results. After 6 months of follow-up observation, the distribution of the disease stages among the patients did not differ significantly (p> 0.05) from the initial amount. Analysis of survival and probable risks after 7 years of follow-up by Cox regression method in relation to the applied method of treatment revealed maximum efficiency of combined treatment in subgroup 2a. Conclusion. As a result of complex conservative treatment, including ozonotherapy and gravitational therapy, the probability of surgical interventions as well as disease stage advancing were effectively reduced.
INNOVATIONS IN DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA
Authors: Simerzin VV V , Fatenkov OV V , Gagloeva IV V , Galkina MA A , Panisheva YaA A , Krasovskaya MA A
Published: October 2020

This article presents innovative techniques for diagnostics, risk stratification and treatment of patients with hypertriglyceridemia. Hypertriglyceridemia is not only known as an independent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, but also its high level can become a cause of acute pancreatitis.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CORONARY AND CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES IN PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Slatova LN N , Fedorina TA A , Bormotov AV V , Samychin MYu Yu , Buklesheva IM M
Published: October 2020

Aim - to study the correlation between the thickness of the fibrous cap and collagen in the coronary and carotid plaques in patients with myocardial infarction. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 81 coronary and carotid atherosclerotic plaques obtained during autopsy study of 15 patients who died from complications of myocardial infarction. Histological and morphometric study and immunohistochemistry were performed. Immunohistochemical examination was carried out using monoclonal antibodies against collagen types II, III, IV, VI, VII. Results. There is a combination of complicated, unstable and stable coronary and carotid atherosclerotic plaques in patients with myocardial infarction. Unstable atherosclerotic plaque is characterized by thinning of the fibrous cap mainly in the peripheral areas and the growth of destructive changes in the collagen types III, IV and VI. Conclusion. There is a critical thinning in the caps of unstable carotid and coronary plaques in myocardial infarction with signs of disorganization of collagen, leading to decreased resistance to mechanical stress of this type of plaques.
METHODS OF SPECIFIC DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS: A MODERN VIEW ON THE PROBLEM
Authors: Prylutskyi OS S , Rogovaya YuD D
Published: October 2020

This review presents modern views on the problems of immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis. We have examined the advisability of the use of immunological methods for diagnosis of active tuberculosis and detection of latent tuberculous infection. It is shown that nowadays the use of serological diagnostic methods is not recommended because of contradictory information about their accuracy and limited diagnostic significance. Advantages and disadvantages of current methods of assessment of cell-mediated immune response that are used as screening tests for diagnosis of latent tuberculosis have been analyzed. We point to advisability of combination of different methods that are available nowadays with the use of skin tests as the first step of diagnosis, and improvement of techniques of antigens injections that are used for them.
ACTUAL ISSUES OF PERSONNEL TRAINING ON TUBERCULOSIS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV INFECTION
Authors: Frolova OP P , Polesskiy VA A , Stakhanov VA A , Butylchenko OV V
Published: October 2020

During the period of registration of tuberculosis associated with HIV infection in Russia (since 1999), its morbidity rate has increased 82.2 times. Changes in pathogenesis of tuberculosis in condition of deep immunodeficiency in patients with HIV infection require improvement of approaches to the training of medical workers who provide anti-tuberculosis care. Aim - improving approaches to personnel training on TB care for people with HIV infection. Methods. Accounting forms 263y-TB "Personal records of patients with TB comorbid with HIV infection" (65,000 records) and reporting forms of Rosstat No. 61 "Data on the population of patients with HIV infection" were analyzed for the period of their validity in the Russian Federation. The study included statistical analysis of the general totality using a computer database, revision of individual records and interview with patients. conclusions. In order to improve the training of personnel on the issues of TB care in HIV infected patients, it is essential to bring the textbooks and regulatory documents in line with the current medical knowledge.
REVIEW OF MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGICAL METHODS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ENDOPROSTHESIS IN TRAUMATOLOGY AND ORTHOPAEDICS
Authors: Kolsanov AV V , Nikolaenko AN N , Ivanov VV V , Prichodko SA A , Platonov PV V
Published: October 2020

Traumas and diseases of the musculoskeletal system are the second among the causes of temporary disability of the population, and the third among the causes of disability and mortality. An effective method of treatment is endoprosthetics. ; Every year across the globe 500-1000 patients per 1 million of population require prosthetics. The development of endoprostheses is progressing in various spheres: design of the implant parts, methods of fixation, use of various materials, different types of surface finish of implants. Endoprostheses that are currently produced and used in traumatology and orthopaedics are unified, i.e. ; standardized - all of them have different size, but their shape is the same. This imposes serious limitations on the use of implantation in difficult clinical cases. The way out can be the use of personified implants, designed and manufactured with the use of modern rapid prototyping technologies. In this case, the use of titanium will fully implement the most important advantages of this direction: the best biocompatibility, high corrosion resistance, low modulus of elasticity, high specific strength and endurance.
PERSONIFIED APPROACH IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF BENIGN BONE TUMORS WITH THE USE OF PRE-OPERATIVE COMPUTER PLANNING AND NAVIGATION
Authors: Kolsanov AV V , Nikolaenko AN N , Ivanov VV V , Prikhodko SA A , Platonov PV V
Published: October 2020

Aim - to analyze the results of the use of 3D modeling and computer navigation in the treatment of benign tumors and tumor-like diseases of long bones. Materials and methods. The study included 19 patients with benign tumors and tumor-like diseases. The main group consisted of 10 patients. In the preoperative planning stage, in addition to X-ray and computed tomography these patients had 3D-models of the affected bone segment constructed. Surgical treatment was carried out with the use of the navigation system. The control group consisted of 9 patients who underwent radiography and computed tomography of the affected bone segment in the preoperative planning stage. Results. The application of the new method made possible to reduce the operation time by 40 min, intraoperative blood loss by 350 ml, and the intensity of pain on a visual analog scale by more than 2 points. This result was achieved by intuitively simple for the operator dimensional orientation in the operative field in real time, the possibility of more accurate surgical procedures due to a more precise calculation of the level of necessary transplant. It minimizes the trauma of the donor area, exerting a positive influence on the reduction of postoperative pain. Conclusion. The use of 3D modeling and computer navigation for the treatment of patients with benign tumors and tumor-like diseases of long bones managed to improve noticeably the results of surgical treatment, and consequently, to speed up social and functional adaptation of patients and to enhance social and economic outcome.
APPROACH TO PROXIMAL FEMUR FRACTURES TREATMENT
Authors: Ardatov SV V , Pankratov AS S , Ogurtsov DA A , Shitikov DS S , Kim YuD D , Tatarenko IE E
Published: October 2020

Aim - to describe the approach to proximal femur fractures treatment in geriatric (elderly and senile) group of patients. Materials and methods. The article presents the analysis of 16 years’ experience of using both classic and author’s technologies according to the developed classification of patient’s functional state. Conclusion. The decision on therapeutic approach for geriatric patients was optimized.
ORGANIZATION OF PROPHYLACTIC SCREENING OF PATIENTS WITH ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES
Authors: Sharafutdinov MA A , Latypov AB B , Valiev IR R , Potapov SO O , Kulmukhametova NG G
Published: October 2020

Aim - to substantiate the measures aimed at improvement of the prophylactic screening of patients with oncological diseases, and to estimate the effectiveness of these measures. Materials and methods. The materials of the study were the data of the extracts from medical records (a personal patient’s card from the outpatient department, a control card of the dispensary patient, a questionnaire). The statistical processing of the material was carried out using parametric methods, with the determination of the confidence interval at a probability of 95.0%. Results. The study revealed that the implementation of measures aimed at improving medical care in outpatient settings led to the following results: the proportion of identified diseases in the IV stage of the disease decreased from 20.8% in 2010-2012 to 15.0% in 2013-2015; the one-year mortality rate decreased from 28.1% to 18.3%; the five-year survival rate increased by 5.2%; the number of oncologist’s consultations increased from 3.6 to 6.3%. It was established that those patients who follow doctors’ recommendations, regularly visit oncologists and other medical specialists, attend health schools, and keep a healthy lifestyle in comparison with the patients who do not follow the treatment regimen, consume alcohol, and refused from subsidized pharmaceutical provision less likely have progression of the disease (22.5% and 62.0%), lethal outcome (18.6% and 23.0%), and disability (65.4% and 85.0%). Conclusion. It was established that compliance with the recommendations of doctors and adherence to a healthy lifestyle led to the decrease in the lethality, disability and progression of the oncological disease.
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING IN FORECASTING THE EFFICIENCY OF TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS C IN CHILDREN
Authors: Churbakova OV V , Рechkurov DV V
Published: October 2020

The study developed a model to predict the response to therapy of children with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) based on a system of multivariate analysis. The mathematical model allows timely correction of treatment, significantly increasing the number of early virologic responses and reducing the probability of recurrence of the disease. Aim -optimization of treatment prior to the onset of therapy with subsequent forecasting of the effectiveness of therapy based on multivariate regression analysis. Materials and methods. The study included 116 patients at the age of 3-18 years with CHC in the replicative phase. Children with CHC were divided into 2 groups of 58 patients. Observations in children with CHC were made using clinical, biochemical, immunological and instrumental methods of research, which helped to obtain the most complete information about children with chronic viral hepatitis C. In the course of the conducted multiple regression analysis, we selected the most significant indicators for the establishment of the resulting mathematical model. Results. The method of forecasting response to therapy in chronic hepatitis C in children, developed on the basis of multivariate regression analysis and mathematical modelling of the most important immunological and biochemical parameters, is clinically efficient and justified.
MASKS OF POLYPOUS RHINOSINUSITIS
Authors: Pestova RM M , Saveljeva EE E , Sharipov R A , Bogomanova D N
Published: October 2020

Polypous rhinosinusitis is a chronic disease of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses, which is characterized by recurrent growth of nasal polyps. This disease is found in 1-5% of the population. According to the data of 2017, patients with nasal polypous rhinosinusitis account for 13% of all patients treated in our clinic. Polypous rhinosinusitis can be either an independent disease or a manifestation of other diseases. Aim - to present a case from practice, which is interesting due to the fact that two independent diseases were hiding under the mask of polypous rhinosinusitis. Results. Strict administration of the diagnostic algorithm, modern principles of functional surgery of the paranasal sinuses led to the recovery of the patient.
CLINICAL CASE OF ODONTOGENIC MAXILLARY SINUSITIS
Authors: Hrappo N S , Mironova E Yu , Kotyakov A A , Solovjeva L V
Published: October 2020

Aim - to show the clinical observation of the development of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis in case of entering the sinus of the root of the tooth. Materials and methods. The results of the study - video endoscopy of the nasal cavity and CT of the paranasal sinuses - were evaluated. The obtained data pointed to the foreign body that caused not only an inflammatory process with subsequent development of the mycetoma, but also destruction of the medial wall of the maxillary sinus, the inferior nasal concha. Access to the maxillary sinus was discussed, and surgical intervention was performed. Conclusions. The root of the tooth was extracted through the developed defect of the medial wall of the maxillary sinus communicating with the lower nasal passage.
DIAGNOSTICS OF NON-INFLAMMATORY PERILYMPHATIC FISTULAS OF LABYRINTHINE WINDOWS
Authors: Kozarenko M A
Published: October 2020

Aim -1. To remind of the difficulty of diagnosis of noninflammatory perilymphatic fistulas of labyrinthine windows and to allocate the most significant audiometric tests for the differential diagnosis of perilymphatic fistulas of labyrinthine windows (PFOLW). 2. To emphasize the absence of accurate data on the prevalence of this pathology up to date. Materials and methods. The methods of audiological testing used in 32 intraoperatively verified cases of PFOLW are listed and discussed. Clinical examples from own practice are given. Results. After analyzing the informativeness of the audio tests, the routing of the audiological examination of patients with PFOLW was determined. inclusion 1. The sequence of the tests used in the examination of patients suspected of PFOLW, the identification of which is difficult due to the absence of characteristic symptoms (including audiometric ones), is justified. 2. The expediency of a broader use of surgical treatment in cases of deafness of unknown origin is confirmed.
GENOTYPES AND PHENOTYPES OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Authors: Volobuev AN N , Pyatin VF F , Romanchuk NP P , Aleksandrova NN N
Published: October 2020

Aim - research of gene APOE for definition of allele structures of the human population phenotypes resulting in risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Materials and methods. Use of the Hardy-Weinberg theory and statistical researches of the alleles distribution of gene APOE in a human population. Results. Principles of the phenotype allele structures formation resulting in risk of Alzheimer’s disease are investigated. The expediency of these phenotypes finding is shown. On the basis of the received phenotypes distribution in human population the dependence of phenotype frequencies on risk of Alzheimer’s disease is investigated. The most dangerous phenotypes are revealed. Conclusion. On the basis of representation about dominant and recessive structure of gene APOE alleles it is shown that in a human population exists three phenotypes which determine the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Distribution of these phenotypes in populations is investigated.
TERMINOLOGY VIEW AT LEVATOR ANI MUSCLE VIA HISTORICAL AND MODERN CONCEPTION
Authors: Chemidronov SN N , Suvorova GN N , Sevryugina GA A , Grigoryeva YuV V , Kornilov VD D
Published: October 2020

Aim - to analyze and summarize the literature data of levator ani muscle, using the terminological approach. Materials and methods. We used literature in anatomy, biology with levator ani muscle description included Medline/Pubmed resources guide. Results. We found 18 terms determined levator ani muscle components in literature. The terms were used to describe diseases, perineal muscles, fascia and pelvic ligaments associated with urinary and fecal incontinence, traumatic injuries during labor in women, operative access to pelvic organs in men with surgical interventions for radical prostatectomy and rectum extirpation. We illustrated schematically levator ani muscle in men and women, supplementing the study by dissecting the perineal region in 3 men and 2 women. The terms defining the components of levator ani muscle in women are following: m. puboperinealis, m. pubovaginalis, m. puboanalis - united in m. pubovisceralis; m. pubococcygeus, m. iliococcygeus. In men, levatorani muscle is represented by the following components: m. puboprostaticus (m. levator prostatae), m. puboperinealis, m. puboanalis, m. puborectalis, m. pubococcygeus, m. iliococcygeus.
LIVER HYDATIDOSIS: OPTIMIZATION OF SURGICAL TREATMENT METHODS
Authors: Ivanov S A , Kenarskaya M V , Panfilov K A
Published: October 2020

Objectives - optimization of hepatic echinococcosis treatment schemes based on the data analysis of the immediate and long-term results. Material and methods. The study included 373 clinical cases of patients with liver echinococcosis who received treatment in 2005-2018 in Samara Regional Clinical Hospital n. a. V.D. Seredavin. 342 patients underwent a traditional operation, the surgical puncture was performed in 31 patient. Starting from 2003 all patients received the antirelapse chemotherapy with albendazole according to the WHO's recommendations in the postoperative period. Results. The treatment tactics in patients with liver hydatidosis was defined according to the parasite's developmental stage, its localization, and the size of liver cyst. The traditional surgery was successful after one operation in more than 93% of cases, postoperative mortality was 1.46%, the number of postoperative complications - 12.5%, the number of relapses in 5 year follow-up period was 6.8%. In 31 patients we used the puncture surgery treatment of hepatic echinococcosis PAIR and PEVAC-methods. Conclusion. Modern approach to hepatic echinococcosis treatment should provide differentiated
TACTICS OF PRENATAL CARE OF A YOUNG PATIENT WITH INHERITED LONG QT SYNDROME AND IMPLANTED CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATOR
Authors: Tatarsky R B , Lebedeva V K , Lubimtseva T A , Gureev S V , Lebedev D S , Garkina S V
Published: October 2020

Ase report. This clinical case illustrates the example of prenatal care of a young woman with verified long QT syndrome (LQTS) type 2 with implanted cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). In the course of pregnancy she had physiological sinus tachycardia, though the life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and ICD shocks were not registered. On the 38th week of pregnancy the woman underwent the planned caesarean delivery (due to obstetrics indications) with live child. In the post-partum period she continued to experience recurrent VF episodes terminated after the adequate ICD shocks. Life-threatening arrhythmias were triggered by group PVC registered in the settings of persistent bradycardia. At the moment the number of the adequate ICD shocks reduced supported by betablocker therapy, the patient remains on continued standard monitoring. Discussion. Numerous cases of favourable course and even benefits in clinical and functional status during pregnancy in patients with LQTS are reported. This fact can be conditioned by the positive influence of physiological hemodynamical changes and hypersympathicotonia during pregnancy especially on the bradydependent arrhytmias. Conclusion. Pregnancy in patients with inherited LQTS and implanted ICDs is not always contraindicated and treatment tactics depends on certain clinical situation. Algorithms of pharmacological and shock therapy during pregnancy in women with ICD are corrected individually.
International practices of quality management in healthcare (a review)
Authors: Ginnyatulina Rufiya I.
Published: October 2020

An analysis of international publications revealed a growing interest in all aspects of quality in medical care, especially in the definition of the concept of quality in healthcare. In the world community, the following approaches to quality management are widely used: the Total Quality Control (TQC); Total Quality Management (TQM), which includes Quality Assurance and Quality Improvement; Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI); Lean management, including Hoshin Kanri's policy and PDCA's Deming - Shuhart Cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act). Practical implementation of the principles of General Quality Management (TQM) and Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) is based on the models of business improvement in quality management: the EFQM (European Foundation for Quality Management) model, the MBQA (Malcolm Baldrige Quality Award) model and the Chronic Care Model. In management ofmedical organizations, the International standards for services perfection are more often used, which use the experience of quality assurance, as well as the international systems and standards: JCI, ISO 9001, IWA1, ISO 15189, ISO 14000, OHSAS 18001. The ISO interstate standards represent the international consensus of world practice in quality management. Nowadays, medical organizations use the following standards: SRPS ISO 9001: 2015, SRPS EN 15224: 2017, SRPS EN ISO 15189: 2014, SRPS EN ISO 13485: 2017, IWA 1: 2005. In the period of globalization of the world economy and healthcare, the best international practices should form the basis for improving domestic health care in medical care quality management.