bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mutluluk ve Uluslararası Göç: Genel Bir Bakış
Authors: GÜL Songül
Published: April 2020

Son yıllarda mutluluk ekonomisi adı altında yapılan çalışmalarda bireylerin yaşam memnuniyeti üzerinde yalnızca mutlak gelir gibi nesnel kriterlerin etkisinin olmadığı, Neo-klasik kuramın ihmal ettiği bireyin yaş, cinsiyet, istihdam durumu, eğitim, medeni durum gibi sosyo-demografik özelliklerinin yanı sıra nispi gelir, kurumsal faktörler, etnik kimlik, ayrımcılık vb. pek çok faktörün de etkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bireyin göç kararının altında birçok etken yatmaktadır. Bunlardan en önemlilerinden birisi göç sonrası elde etmeyi umdukları ekonomik iyileşmedir. Ancak bireylerin gelirlerinde göç sonrası mutlak anlamda bir artış yaşansa bile yaşam memnuniyetleri beklenilenin aksine azalabilir. Göç sonrası bireyler kendilerini varış ülkesindeki veya geride bıraktığı ülkedeki bireylerle ekonomik ve sosyal açıdan kıyaslama eğilimindedirler. Yapılan çalışmalarda göç eden bireylerin mutluluğu üzerinde mutlak gelir yerine nispi gelirin daha belirleyici olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma mutluluk-göç ilişkisi üzerine yapılan bir literatür araştırmasıdır.
Stratejik Yönetim Araştırmalarının Evrimi: Yaklaşımlar ve Mikro Görüşler Üzerinden Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: BAĞIŞ Mehmet , ÖZTÜRK Oğuzhan
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışma, “stratejik yönetim araştırmaları nasıl evrilmiştir?” sorusuna cevap aramaktadır. Bu soru çerçevesinde stratejik yönetim disiplinin 1980-2018 yılları arasındaki tarihsel gelişim sürecinde etkisi olan Pozisyon Yaklaşımı, Kaynaklara Dayalı Yaklaşım ve Kaynaklara Dayalı Yaklaşımı tamamlayıcı (mikro) görüşler temelinde bir inceleme yapılmıştır. İnceleme yaklaşımların ve mikro-görüşlerin tarihsel oluşum sırası dikkate alınarak sistematik literatür incelemesi şeklinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmayı belli bir çerçevede yürütebilmek adına, yaklaşımların ve mikro görüşlerin (1) teorik temelleri, (2) rekabet avantajının dayanakları ve (3) sürdürülebilirlik mekanizmalarına ilişkin açıklamaları çerçevesinde bir karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Sonuçta stratejik yönetim alanının birleştirilmesine, iyileştirilmesine ve genişlemesine katkı sağlama potansiyeli olan teorik çerçeveler ve öneriler sunulmuştur.
Mobbing’in Örgüte Bağlılığa ve Yöneticiye Güvene Etkisi
Authors: MURAT Gülay , ELÇİ Meral
Published: April 2020

Çalışmanın amacı, iş yerlerinde maruz kalınan mobbingin örgüte bağlılığa (duygusal bağlılık, devam bağlılığı, normatif bağlılık) ve yöneticiye olan güvene etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, toplam 244 katılımcıdan anket yöntemiyle veri toplanmıştır. Çalış-manın örneklemini “basit tesadüfi örneklem” yöntemiyle seçilen, 7 ildeki (İstanbul, Bursa, Ankara, Antalya, İzmir, Konya, Hatay) eğitimciler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada toplanan veriler SPSS 23.0 istatistik programı ile analiz edilerek, elde edilen bulgular yorumlanmıştır. Normal dağılıma uygun olduğu tespit edilen verilere, geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizleri ile korelasyon ve regresyon analizle-ri uygulanmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen analizler neticesinde; mobbingin hem örgüte bağlılığın alt boyutlarından olan duygusal bağlılık ve normatif bağlılık ile hem de yönetici-ye güven ile istatistiki olarak anlamlı ve negatif ilişkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Los 144 000 y la Gran Multitud en el Contexto de Apocalipsis 7 y 14
Authors: Mendoza Oscar
Published: April 2020

Los 144 000 y la gran multitud en el contexto de Apocalipsis 7 y 14 — Unode los temas más complejos y discutidos en el libro de Apocalipsis es el delos 144 000 y la gran multitud de los capítulos 7 y 14. Varios estudios hansugerido la literalidad del número 144 000, negando así su simbología. Conrespecto a su relación con la gran multitud, algunos han propuesto queeste grupo difiere de los 144 000. Sin embargo, al analizar Apocalipsis 7y 14 en su contexto y estudiar las características tanto de la gran multitudcomo de los 144 000, se concluye que los 144 000 constituyen un númerosimbólico y que ellos como la gran multitud son el mismo grupo.El propósito de este artículo es determinar el momento en que aparecen los144 000, estudiar su simbología y tratar su relación con la gran multitudy con el remanente de Apocalipsis 12:17. Para ello se analizan dos textosclave: Apocalipsis 7:4-9 y 14:1-5.
“Traedme un tañedor” (2 Rey 3:15): Relación entre música, profetismo y Espíritu Santo
Authors: Orellana Michael
Published: April 2020

“Traedme un Tañedor” (2 Rey 3:15): Relación entre Música, Profetismoy Espíritu Santo ” ― Los siguientes pasajes bíblicos sugieren una estrecharelación entre la música, el profetismo y el Espíritu Santo: (a) Victoria enTecoa (2 Cró 20:20-22), (b) El ministerio musical de la familia de Asaf (1 Cró25:1), (c) Saúl entre los profetas (1 Sam 10:5, 6) y (d) Eliseo y el tañedor (2Rey 3:11-17). Estos tres elementos – profetismo, música y Espíritu Santo- aparecen como una triada que se mueve inseparablemente dentro de lospasajes bíblicos citados. El presente artículo pretende explicar la relaciónentre estos tres elementos. En otras palabras, se intenta describir la relaciónentre música, profetismo y Espíritu Santo en el Antiguo Testamento através del análisis de estos pasajes. Para lograrlo, se revisarán las posibilidadesde traducción de los textos en cuestión, especialmente en relación alas secciones que interesan con respecto a este tema. En segundo lugar, seseñalará la trama teológica de esta triada dentro de la estructuración históricade los pasajes analizados. En tercer lugar, se resumirá como explicanestos pasajes bíblicos la relación entre música, profetismo y Espíritu Santo.
Las ciudades de refugio: un estudio de Josué 20:1-3
Authors: Sánchez-Moreno Joseph
Published: April 2020

“Las ciudades de refugio: un estudio de Josué 20:1-3” — Lasciudades de refugio son un tema peculiar del Pentateuco. Suestablecimiento y función fue dispuesto y legislado por Moisésantes de la conquista de la tierra prometida. Ellas estabandestinadas a ser parte esencial de la vida y gobierno de la nacióndel pacto. El presente estudio busca mostrar el propósitooriginal de estas ciudades así como ampliar la comprensiónde “justicia y juicio” dentro del ámbito legal que Yhwh mismoestableció para beneficio de Israel.
El conjuro, arma no convencional de Balaam contra Israel: Números 23:7-10
Authors: Quiroga Raúl
Published: April 2020

“El conjuro, arma no convencional de Balaam contra Israel (Números 23:7-10)”― Un análisis textual, literario y bíblico permitirá conocer el trasfondo teológico del poema profético de Balaam registrado en Números 23:7-10. Balaq contrata a Balaam para expulsar a Israel de su territorio por medio de un conjuro. El conjuro de Balaam es un arma no convencional y no produjo el efecto esperado. El panorama literario de este texto enfatiza la elección de Israel como pueblo de Dios y el propósito divino de introducirlo a Canaán. No hay conjuro ni maldición que pueda alterar la decisión de Dios.
Uso diverso del diezmo en el Pentateuco
Authors: Plenc Daniel
Published: April 2020

“Uso diverso del diezmo en el Pentateuco” — El presente artículo trata sobre un tema prominente en el Pentateuco: el diezmo y sus usos diversos. Como se sabe, el diezmo estaba destinado al sostenimiento de los levitas y sacerdotes en los primeros libros, mientras se emplea para festines familiares, para los levitas y para los pobres en Deuteronomio. El trabajo procura esclarecer esta diversidad de usos y sugiere la idea de un segundo diezmo, con fines diferentes, como ocurre en el libro de Deuteronomio.
¿Vuelve un espíritu a Dios?
Authors: Varela Christian
Published: April 2020

“¿Vuelve un espíritu a Dios?” — La vida después de la muerte ha sido un tema inquietantea través de todos los tiempos. Algunos defensores de la vida pos mortem, hanconsiderado que el Qohelet destaca esta argumentación en el texto de Eclesiastés 12:7. Enel presente estudio se realizará un estudio exegético teológico sobre este pasaje. En el presentetrabajo se desea proponer algunas consideraciones para una la comprensión del textoen cuestión.
Historiografía del tratado de Lutero: La cautividad babilónica de la Iglesia
Authors: Oudri Gerardo , W. Reeve John
Published: April 2020

La cautividad babilónica de la Iglesia es uno de los tratados más significativos de Martín Lutero. En este documento sobre los sacramentos, Lutero presenta una fuerte crítica de los líderes de la iglesia de Roma argumentando que el laicado ha estado “cautivo” de sus propios líderes a través de sus enseñanzas erróneas. Surge una pregunta importante: ¿por cuánto tiempo se ha extendido el cautiverio de la iglesia de acuerdo a Lutero? Este estudio busca establecer una historiografía de la cautividad de acuerdo a Lutero en La cautividad babilónica de la Iglesia. Se analizan cuidadosamente el contexto, el contenido y las referencias cronológicas del documento. También se evalúa si el uso que Lutero hace de las fuentes que cita es positivo o negativo.
Çin Propagandasında Çin-Tayvan İlişkilerinin Sunumu: Mao Zedong Dönemi Üzerine İnceleme
Authors: ÇAKI Caner , FİDAN Yusuf
Published: April 2020

1949 yılında Çin Komünist Partisi (ÇKP) lideri Mao Zedong, Çin Milliyetçi Partisi (Kuomintang) lideri Çan Kay Şek'i kesin olarak yenilgiye uğratmıştı. Mao, ülkenin yönetimini ele geçirmiş, Şek ise Tayvan adasına kaçarak yönetimini burada sürdürmüştü. Bu tarihten itibaren Çin ve Tayvan arasında düşmanlık dönemi başlamıştır. Bu aşamada Mao yönetimi, Çin kamuoyunda Tayvan'a karşı yoğun bir propaganda faaliyetine yönelerek, Tayvan'ı düşman bir ülke olarak yansıtmıştı. Çin yönetiminin Tayvan karşıtı faaliyetlerinde en sık kullandığı kitle iletişim araçlarından birisi posterler olmuştu. Bu çalışmada Çin propagandası tarafından Tayvan'a karşı kullanılan posterlerde, Tayvan'ın nasıl ve ne şekilde sunulduğu ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla çalışma kapsamında Şanghay Propaganda Posterleri Sanat Müzesi'nden belirlenen altı propaganda posteri, nitel araştırma yöntemleri içerisinde yer alan göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada belirlenen Çin propaganda posterleri, Fransız dilbilimci Roland Barthes'ın göstergebilim anlayışı üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada ele edilen bulgularda Çin propagandası tarafından Tayvan'a yönelik doğrudan nefret söylemi oluşturulduğu ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Diğer yandan Çin propagandası posterler üzerinden Mao'nun ölümüne dek Çin'in Tayvan'ı ele geçireceği mesajını verdiği, bu yolla iki ülke arasındaki düşmanlığı canlı tutmaya çalıştığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Kamu Yönetişiminin Uzamı ve Aracı Olarak Nesnelerin İnterneti Politikaları Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: KAYMAS Serhat
Published: April 2020

Bu çalışma, isminde de yer aldığı üzere, kamu politikalarının uzamı ve aracı olarak nesnelerin internetini karşılaştırmalı bir siyasa analizi üzerinden özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkeler bağlamında ele almaktadır. Ülkelerin bilgi toplumuna dönüşüm süreçlerinin önemli bir bileşeni olarak nesnelerin interneti ekosistemini, gelişmiş ülkelere göre sosyal, siyasal, kültürel ve ekonomik bağlamlar öncelikli olmak üzere yapısal farklılıkları bulunan gelişmekte olan ülkeler perspektifinden bakarak değerlendirmek anlamlı bir çaba olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Bu doğrultuda çalışma, nesnelerin interneti ve bileşen bilgi teknolojilerini Türkiye örneğinde bir “fırsatlar” ve “tehditler” alanı olarak tartışmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonunda, Türkiye için nesnelerin interneti yönetişimi bağlamında bir dizi öneri geliştirilmiştir.
Üretim koşullarının 42CrMo4 çelik matrisli beyaz dökme demir takviyeli kompozitin özelliklerine etkileri
Authors: HASIRCI Hasan
Published: April 2020

Kompozit ürünler
gün geçtikçe önemi artan malzemelerdendir. Metal-metal kompozitler ise son
yıllarda önemi hızla artan kompozitlerdendir. Kompozit malzemeler çok çeşitli
amaçlarla ve farklı teknikler kullanılarak üretilmektedir. Bu çalışmada
metal-metal kompozit üretiminde döküm tekniğinin kullanımı, ısıl işlem
uygulanması ve kompozitin özelliklerine etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu amaçla
katı haldeki Beyaz Dökme Demir ile sıvı haldeki 4140 (42CrMo4) Çeliği
kullanılarak kompozit üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Birleştirilen malzemeler
daha sonra ara yüzey bağının artırılması ve özelliklerinin geliştirilmesi
amacıyla 1, 2, 3 ve 4 saat normalizasyon işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. Bu çalışma
sonunda; döküm tekniği kullanılarak metal-metal kompozit üretiminin başarıyla
yapılabildiği, normalizasyon ile ara yüzey bağının daha da arttırılabildiği
tespit edilmiştir. Bu işlemlerin sonucunda; döküm durumuna göre kompozitin
mekanik özellikleri normalizasyonla 3 saate kadar artmış, 4 saate uzadığında
ise tane kabalaşması nedeniyle azalmıştır.
Bina inşaatındaki çalışan duruşlarının farklı ergonomik risk değerlendirme yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ZENGİN Mehmet Ali , ASAL Ömer
Published: April 2020

İnşaat
sektörü hem Türkiye hem de Dünya için lokomotif sektörlerden bir tanesidir.
İnşaat sektörü ekonomik açıdan önemli bir yere sahip olmasına rağmen iş
kazaları ve meslek hastalıklarının en fazla görüldüğü sektörlerden bir
tanesidir. Mevcut çalışmada, 4 farklı görevdeki toplam 39 çalışma duruşu REBA,
OWAS, QEC risk değerlendirme yöntemleri ile analiz edildi. Değerlendirme
sonucunda Kruskal - Wallis test ile analiz edildiğinde QEC yöntemi çıktılarının
diğer metotlardan ayrıldığı belirlendi. Aynı zamanda bina inşaatında görevleri
yapan toplam 93 işçi ile İskandinav Kas-İskelet Sistemi Anketi uygulandı. Anket
sonuçlarına göre değerlendirilen 4 farklı görev için çalışan vücut risk
haritası oluşturuldu. Vücut risk haritasına göre bina inşaatlarında
çalışanların daha fazla “bel” bölgesinde rahatsızlıkları olduğu belirlendi.
Değerlendirilen dört görev arasında vücudun farklı bölgelerine maruziyet
bakımından en riskli görevin “Tuğla/Sıva İşleri”, ağrı şiddeti bakımından ise
“İskele İşleri” olduğu belirlendi ve riskleri azaltıcı öneriler verildi.
Influence of individual psychological features on the functional state of aviation specialists in conditions of hypobaric hypoxia
Authors: Blaginin Аndrey A. , Kaltygin Maxim V. , Kotov Oleg V. , Sinelnikov Sergey N. , Dzankisov Ruslan A.
Published: April 2020

The study is devoted to the study of the influence of individual psychological characteristics of the personality of aviation specialists on the tolerability of moderate degrees of hypobaric hypoxia, simulated in a pressure chamber. The study included the assessment of physiological parameters (blood pressure, heart rate, arterial blood saturation, Roufier index) and psychophysiological indicators (critical frequency of light flickering fusion, complex sensorimotor response, indicators of subjective assessment of the state (SAN test)) depending on the level of neuroticism, extroversion and personal anxiety level.
As a result of the study, it was found that the functional state of the body of subjects with high levels of neuroticism in hypobaric hypoxia changes significantly than in subjects with low levels of neuroticism, which is confirmed by a more pronounced decrease in health, activity and mood by 17.5% (p 0.01), 16.9% (p 0.05) and 9% (p 0.01), respectively, an increase in the time of complex sensorimotor response by 12.6% (p 0.01), as well as more pronounced functional changes in the cardiovascular system.
It was revealed that changes in some physiological parameters in extroverts had a large negative dynamics in hypoxia, so the increase in the Roufier index in the group of introverts at 30, 60 minutes and after the rise by 97.3%, 98.6% and 15.1%, respectively, against an increase of 118.2%, 123.6% and 16.4% in the group of extroverts was revealed. In the group of extroverts, an increase in the time of complex sensorimotor response after the end of the study was found by 8.0% (p 0.05), an increase in critical frequency of light flickering fusion compared to the indicators obtained before the rise by 5.2% (p 0.05).
It is established that the functional status of subjects with high levels of trait anxiety had a more pronounced negative trend in terms of the effects of hypobaric hypoxia, which is confirmed by a significant higher values of the Roufier index in groups with high levels of trait anxiety, with the background study, 30th, 60th minute and after rising; extending the time complex sensorimotor response to 45 minute 6.1% (p 0.05), and after altitude study by 9.5% (p 0.01); by the 40th minute of stay in the hyperbaric chamber the indicators of well-being decreased by 20.3% (p 0.01), activity by 18.8% (p 0.05) and mood by 13.7% (p 0.01).
Thus, it was shown that in assessing the tolerability of moderate degrees of hypoxia, it is necessary to take into account the dependence of changes in the functional state of the organism on individual psychological characteristics.
Effect of Perioperative Antibacterial Prophylaxis Using Eye Drops with Fluoroquinolones on Conjunctival Microflora in Patients before and after Phacoemulsification
Authors: Pirogov Yu. I. , Oblovatskayа E. S. , Shustrova T. A. , Khrоmova Е. S.
Published: April 2020

Purpose. to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative antibacterial prophylaxis using eye drops with fluoroquinolones with the evaluation of conjunctival microflora structure with its antibiotic resistance.

Patients and Methods. The study was carried out using the results of one preoperative and four times postoperative swabs taken from the conjunctival cavity in 50 patients (52 eyes) aged 49 to 91 undergoing phacoemulsification. All the strains were undergoing the 16 antibacterial drugs-panel susceptibility testing including the most common ophthalmic dosage form in the Russian Federation. The antibacterial drugs instillations were used during the postoperative period: levofloxacin in group 1 (30 eyes) and moxifloxacin in group 2 (22 eyes).

Results. The structure of conjunctival microflora in the two groups was similar prior to phacoemulsification. In 32 cases (61.5 %) bacterial growth was obtained preoperatively. Among them S. epidermidis strains were detected in 68.8 %, S. aureus strains were detected in 31.2 %. During the use of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis, the number of positive swabs was constantly decreasing. In 1 hour a qualitative change in the microflora structure was observed. The number of S. aureus strains reduced. The number of S. epidermidis strains increased to 80 %. And previously undetected Corynebacterium spp. strains were found. In 1 day the conjunctival microflora was represented only by S. epidermidis. In 1 week all the swabs were sterile. In 1 month after phacoemulsification, positive swabs were obtained in 7.7 % (mainly S. epidermidis) only in group 1, where levofloxacin instillations were used as the postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis (р < 0,05). Moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin and antiseptic drugs showed the highest in vitro activity against selected strains.

Conclusion. The strains of coagulase-negative staphylococcus S. epidermidis prevailed in conjunctival microflora structure. During the use of postoperative antibiotic prophylaxis, the number of positive swabs is progressively reduced to zero by the 7th day in both groups. A more persistent permanent effect of moxifloxacin, maintaining for 1 month after the operation was found in comparing two patients’ groups received fluoroquinolone eye drops to prevent infection after phacoemulsification.
Therapy of Dry Eye Syndrome after Inflammatory Diseases of Cornea
Authors: Gndoyan I. A. , Petrayevsky A. V.
Published: April 2020

Purpose: evaluation of the efficacy of the drug Tealose® in the therapy of cornea inflammatory diseases consequences such as dry eye syndrome.

Patients and methods: 34 patients (34 eyes) with dry eye syndrome after inflammatory diseases of the cornea, aged 28–56 years old were included in the study. Two clinical groups were formed: observation group — 20 subjects (20 eye) and comparison group — 14 subjects (14 eyes). The dynamics of such indicators were estimated under therapy: visual acuity with maximal correction, corneal epithelium entity according fluoresceine dye test, tear production according Schirmer and Norn tests, the grade of dry eye syndrome severity according index of OSDI — Questionnarie. The patients in observation group in addition to the basic therapy, which included instillation antiseptics и 4 % taurine solution, were treated with 3 % solution of tregalose (Tealose®, “Laboratuar Thea”, France) by such mode: using of 4 times daily instillations during 1 month, 1 month break, than continuation of the same regimen instillations during 1 month was performed. The patients in comparison group in addition to the same basic therapy were treated with Visomitin® (“Mitotech”, Russia) by the mode, which was used for tregalose.

Results. The improvement of cornea’s epithelization (p < 0,05), increasing of visual acuity with maximal correction (p < 0,05), improvement of tear production (p < 0,05), as well as the OSDI-index (p < 0,05) were revealed in the patients of the observation group. In the patients of the comparison group positive dynamics of these indicators was insignificant and unreliable.

Conclusions. Using of 3 % tregalose solution in patients with consequences of inflammatory diseases of the cornea — keratitis leads to effective treatment of “dry eye” syndrome, reduces the severity of epithelization disorders and tendency to scarring in the corneal tissue.
Femtolaser Assisted Cataract Surgeryand Toric Lenses in Patients with Astigmatism. Review
Authors: Kulikova I. L. , Timofeeva N. S.
Published: April 2020

The presence of concomitant corneal astigmatism is the most common cause of low visual functions in patients with surgical treatment of cataracts. The implantation of toric intraocular lenses is procedure of choice in the correction of corneal astigmatism from 1.0 DPT and more in patients with cataracts. Successful results depend on several factors, the most important of which: the correct and stable position of the intraocular lens (IOL) in the capsule bag, the absence of residual astigmatism, the choice of the implanted IOL’s model, taking into account material and design of lens elements. Deviation of the cylindrical component by 10 degrees reduces visual acuity up to 35 %. Repeated intervention for the purpose of toric lens reposition, according to the literature, varies from 0,65 to 9 % and is carried out with the rotation of IOL more than 10°. Femtolaser-assisted phacoemulsification allows partially automate the surgical process, making it more efficient and safe, creating a theoretical advantage over manual techniques of surgery. In practice, the capsulorexis formed by the femtolaser is characterized by a regular rounded shape with a given diameter and provides a coating of optical part of IOL for 360°, which, according to various sources, contributes to a lesser degree of decentralization and tilt of the lens in the capsule bag and can be considered as one of the reasons for obtaining a more accurate refractive result and, as a consequence, higher visual functions. The review presents the results of clinical studies of corneal astigmatism correction during standard and femtolaser-assisted phacoemulsification with implantation of various models of toric IOLs: visual acuity, rotational stability, residual astigmatism percentage, wave front change. Researchers continue to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of modern technologies. However, the problem of increasing the predictability of the surgical outcome in order to obtain a higher refractive result both in the early and in the long-term postoperative period remains unquestionable.
Contact Lenses in Pediatric Ophthalmological Practice
Authors: Markova E. Yu. , Perfilyeva E. A.
Published: April 2020

Last years, the problem of using contact lenses (CL) in pediatric ophthalmic practice has become more important. It is associated with an increasing need for contact vision correction in children and with the improvement of its capabilities in relation to pediatric ophthalmic practice. Currently, the indication for contact lenses use in children are the same as for the adults (with certain specific and limitations). But there are also a number of specific indications in children’s practice. The article provides an overview of the domestic and foreign literature data (periodicals and monographs) relating to various aspects of the use of contact lenses in pediatric ophthalmic practice. The contact lenses use for medical indications has a number of advantages over another more traditional method of vision correction — glasses. Rational correction of the most common refractive error — myopia with the help of CL helps normalize accommodation, convergence, reduce the risk of complications associated with the myopia’s progression, helps to slow down the processes of eyeball’s elongation by reducing the peripheral defocus, and during the period of functional formation of the visual organ (up to 15 years) helps to form binocular and stereoscopic vision. Uncorrected ametropia (especially high degrees) in childhood leads to maladaptation of visual perception. Rational correction of refractive errors with CL allows children to adapt to environmental conditions better, have higher indicators of health and psychological comfort among peers in comparison with children wearing glasses. The mode of wearing lenses depends on the purpose of correction, age, type of lens and material, tolerance of correction, manipulation skills, and other factors. The ophthalmologist determines the mode of wearing individually in each case. Modern materials and the use of one-day MCL can reduce the risk of complications. Selection of contact lenses for young children is a complex process and requires joint efforts of the ophthalmologist and parents. The examination algorithm for the CL’s selection is identical to the selection of lenses for adult patients, but contains the use of some additional tests aimed at assessing accommodation and binocular vision. In the process of selecting contact lenses for children, the ophthalmologist may face two main problems: the inability to determine the exact parameters of the cornea and manipulative difficulties associated with the anatomical and psychological characteristics of young patients.
Diagnostic Possibilities of Optical Coherent Tomography of the Retina during Compression in the Chiasm-Sellar Region
Authors: Gavrilova N. A. , Ioyleva E. E. , Gadzhieva N. S. , Tishchenko O. E. , Kutrovskaya N. Y. , Kuz’mina A. V. , Zinov’eva A. V.
Published: April 2020

Recovery and preservation of visual functions during compression in the chiasm-sellar region is possible in the case of early diagnosis of pathology and timely surgical decompression. Today optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the retina is one of the most informative methods for diagnosing pathology of the retina and optic nerve. It can, due to the presence of early diagnostic criteria, promptly detect the compression in the chiasm-sellar region and expand the indications for surgical treatment. The literature review presents the results of optical coherent tomography (OCT) of the retina during compression in the chiasm-sellar region. An analysis of literature data revealed that in patients with chiasmatic compression, the thickness of the nerve fiber layer in the peripapillary and macular areas decreases, the thickness of the macular complex, consisting of the retinal ganglion cell layer and the inner plexiform layer, decreases. Also, there is a change in the value of asymmetry between the GCC thickness indices in the nasal and temporal halves of the macular region. It has been established that a decrease in the thickness index of a macular complex may precede changes in the visual field. According to the results of single studies, a correlation was found between the parameters of the peripapillary RNFL thickness and the the internal capillary retinal plexus density in the same areas. The results of literature sources’s analysis are summarized in the table by the parameters studied, the OCT model; etiology, treating methods and the results of the OCT study. Despite the results obtained, the early specific and sensitive OCT diagnostic criteria for chiasmatic compression have not yet been developed. In addition, a change in the thickness of GCC and RNFL can also be observed in the absence of chiasmatic compression in certain types of tumors and in the presence of comorbidities (arterial hypertension). In this regard, it is necessary to conduct further studies that will reveal the informative OСT-diagnostic criteria for compression in the chiasm-sellar region, develop diagnostic algorithms taking into account the type of tumor, the presence of concomitant pathology. Early diagnostic criteria for chiasmatic compression will expand the indications and improve the result of surgical treatment of patients.
Model of Two‐Years Forecasting of the Anti‐Existent Patients With Acute Decompensation of Heart Failure on the Background of the Intermediate Fraction of Left Ventricle
Authors: Skorodumova E. G. , Kostenko V. A. , Skorodumova E. A. , Siverina A. V. , Shulenin K. S. , Rysev A. V.
Published: April 2020

Objective. Build a prognostic model using clinical, laboratory, and instrumental data to predict mortality in patients with midrange left ventricular ejection fraction (mrLVEF) within two years after hospitalization for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).Materials and Methods.The study included 121 patients hospitalized for ADHF with mrLVEF ranging from 40% to 49.9% (91 males and 30 females, mean age 64.6±14.8 years). The independent sample used to validate the statistical model included 71 patients with ADHF and mrLVEF with a mean age of 65.59±12.12 years. Sex distribution of the independent sample was 51 males (70.8% of the independent sample), 20 females (27.8% of the total independent sample). In-hospital mortality of patients included in the study was 4.2%, and long-term mortality was 36.8%. We developed a tool to assess the risk of two-year mortality using classification trees.Results.The root node is the red blood cell distribution width–coefficient of variation (RDW-CV); its diagnostic value in this model was 13.3%. The second-level nodes are glomerular filtration rate (GFR), with a cutoff level of 35 mL/min/1.73 m2, and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The third-level nodes are sex, the anterior-posterior dimension of the left atrium, with the cutoff level >47 mm, and low red blood cell count <4.22x1012/L. The estimated sensitivity of the model is 71.4%; estimated specificity is 85.7%.Conclusion.This model can be used to assess long-term mortality risk and identify groups of patients with mrLVEF who require closer monitoring.
Perception of male college students of Delhi University regarding the use of mobile health technology as a health promotion tool in India
Authors: Krishnan Gokul Kumar
Published: April 2020

Background: Mobile health (mHealth) is a term used for the practice of medicine and public health supported by mobile devices. The mHealth field has emerged as a sub-segment of the eHealth which is the use of information and communication technology for health services. Majority of students own mobile phones and spend several hours per day on mobile phones plus there was an increasing consumer demand for mHealth in India. This ubiquitous presence of mobile phones makes it easier to use them as a health promotion tool.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted between November 2013 and August 2014 among 274 male college students of Delhi University who were the participants in a randomized intervention trial evaluating the use of mobile text messaging in reducing the lifestyle risk factors and asked about their opinion regarding the mobile health approach.Results: Most of the respondents were aged 17 to 22 years (72%), pursuing science stream of education (68%), with fewer hostellers (36%) than day scholars (64%). Majority of the study participants (>90%) were satisfied with the mobile health messaging approach and most of the students (96%) felt mHealth technology could be a useful health promotion tool in India.Conclusions: The current study shows that majority of the study participants were satisfied in receiving health promotional text messages as a part of mobile health approach and felt that this mHealth technology could be a useful health promotion tool in India. This study shows cost-effective, client-driven and universally available mobile technology can be used as a tool for health promotion.
Randomised prospective comparative analysis of functional outcome of hemiarthroplasty with cemented bipolar and uncemented unipolar prosthesis
Authors: Varma Hashmukh S. , Upadhyay Sachin , Jagadeesh Nuthan
Published: April 2020

Background: Hemiarthroplasty (HA) has been considered as better treatment modality in elderly patients compared to internal fixation because of better outcome, early mobilization, associated with HA. However, there is inadequate evidence to support the choice between unipolar or bipolar HA. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of uncemented unipolar with the cemented bipolar prosthesis in geriatric patients especially in an Indian setup.

Methods: Sixty five patients above 60 years of age and displaced fracture of the femoral neck were randomly allocated to treatment by either unipolar or bipolar HA, in the Department of Orthopaedics, between September 2014 and October 2016. Functional outcome was assessed and compared using Harris hip score and radiological parameters with X-ray with serial follow-up at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months.

Results: The two groups of patients with mean age of 68±7 years in bipolar group and 68±6 years in unipolar group did not differ in their pre-injury characteristics and perioperative parameters. The mean Harris hip score in cemented bipolar and uncemented unipolar groups was 86±8.53 and 85.27±10.09, respectively (p=0.687). There were no differences in functional activities either group.

Conclusions: Based on the results of our study, there appears to be no statistical difference between the two groups, uncemented unipolar HA and cemented bipolar HA in terms of functional outcome and various complications discussed. Uncemented unipolar HA is cheap, less technically demanding, suitable in fragile old patients.
A prospective study on functional outcome of uncemented total hip arthroplasty in patients with inflammatory arthropathies
Authors: Marappa Girish , Muttagaduru Shivalingappa Vishwanath , Jagadeesh Nuthan , Mandri Arjun
Published: April 2020

Background: Although medical management has improved the outcome and may have reduced the need for surgery, total hip arthroplasty (THA) is often required to manage pain and restore function and mobility. The successful functional outcome of THA in patients with inflammatory arthropathies is essential in understanding the need for THA, and its benefits in those undergoing it. Objective of the study is to evaluate the functional outcome of total hip arthroplasty in patients suffering from inflammatory arthritis using Harris hip score (HHS) and to assess the post operative complication in these patients.

Methods: In a prospective study conducted on patients with inflammatory arthritis treated with THA between a study period of January 2018 to January 2020. All the patients after assessing them clinically and radiologically were operated with uncemented THA through posterolateral approach. Functional outcomes of hip were evaluated using HHS at various intervals.

Results: In this study, patients were followed up to 24 months. About 46.7% of patients were diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, 33.3% of patients were diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis, 20% of patients were diagnosed with sero negative arthritis. 90% of patients had no limb length discrepancy, no other post-operative complications were noted. The final functional outcome of hip according to HHS were 13.3% of excellent, 56.7% good results and 30% of fair results.

Conclusions: This study concludes that THA in patients with inflammatory arthritis with restricted activities of life had improved in short term follow up and ease of rehabilitation and return to function.
Participação feminina na Agroecologia: O desenvolvimento sustentável e a busca pela igualdade das relações entre os gêneros
Authors: Brandão Gabriella Henrique , Souza Bruna Dos Santos , Barroso Vitória Saskia Ferreira , Silva Luana Rêgo , Lima Deise Maria Farias
Published: April 2020

O desenvolvimento sustentável e a luta pela igualdade entre os gêneros são temas diretamente ligados, pois, as mulheres agricultoras são responsáveis pelo fomento à conservação ambiental, utilizam práticas de controle natural de invasores, produção de biofertilizantes, plantio de hortaliças e das mais diversas plantas medicinais, contribuem para a biodiversidade e diversidade, ajudam a manter viva a cultura das sementes crioulas, assumindo nesse ínterim postura de preservação ambiental e de cultivares. Nesse sentido, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa no Sindicato de Trabalhadores e Trabalhadoras Rurais de Remígio, Paraíba, visando conhecer as percepções sobre as relações de trabalho feminino na agricultura e valorizar o conhecimento das agricultoras, relacionando-os com o desenvolvimento sustentável e a importância da luta pela igualdade nas relações entre os gêneros. Diante dos resultados obtidos, percebe-se que o desenvolvimento sustentável depende da autonomia que pode ser alcançada através da equidade de oportunidades e relações entre homens e mulheres.
Internet Addiction in the Students of Semnan University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Pakdel Abbas , Yousefi Sedighe , Razaviyan Javad , Eslami Mohammad Javad , Hadavi Razie
Published: April 2020

Introduction: The ever-increasing advancements on the World Wide Web and the countless increase in its users, especially among the university students, caused many problems. The internet addiction in the students is one of the significant problems which can have adverse effect on their health as well as their academic performance. Therefore, we intended to study the internet addiction among the students of the Semnan University of Medical Sciences.Methods: 260 students of the Semnan University of Medical Sciences were randomly sampled and entered into this descriptive-analytical study. The Young's standard questionnaire was used to collect the data and its reliability and validity were confirmed. We have used SPSS 18.0 software to analyze the data. The significance level was considered 5% (p-value).Findings: The analysis of the results showed that the internet addiction among the students participating in the study was as follows: 6% without internet addiction, 68% mild internet addiction and 31.6% moderate internet addiction.  The internet addiction in the male students has been significantly higher than the female ones. The results analysis has also indicated that there is a significant and direct relationship between the hours of internet use and the extent of the addiction.Conclusions: Regarding the fact that most of the students in the present study have shown mild internet addiction; then we can hope with a proper planning which will provide the conditions, the students will use the internet more in research and science fields and thus wasting their precious time will be avoided.
Study of the effect individual, occupational and environmental factors on return to work (RTW ) among office workers with Low back pain in one of the oil company in southern part of Iran.
Authors: A Mazloumi , Khodadadi M , Panahi S
Published: April 2020

Introduction: low back pain is one of the prevalent musculoskeletal disorders among working population including office workers. In this regard, various factors are important for low back pain reduction and return to work. The aim of this study was to investigate factors influencing return to work among employees with low back pain.
Methods: About 303 administrative employees participated in this study from an oil company located in southern part of Iran in 1394. The study variables were a 4-part questionnaire including demographic, job related variables and information about low back pain and the interventions implemented for return work.
Results: The majority of participants were male 35-47 years old, bachelor degrees. With 9-25 years job tenure. Most of the employees had medium to high mental, physical, and temporal demands. From 303 participants, about 85(28/1) had low back pain. The main cause of low back pain was mostly muscular spasm (52/9) and the physiotherapy was the most treatment method (51/8). About 91% of participants had individual intervention like changing the life style. About 88/2 of them had job interventions as body posture correction. Furthermore, 62/4 had organizational interventions as teamwork development. The age, physical activity, and the type of treatment showed significant relationship with return to work. Also, the individual, occupational, and organizational interventions had a significant relationship with RTW.
Conclusion: The ability to return to work was seen mostly among the individuals with less physical activities in their working practices. Also, physiotherapy played better role in a rapid return to work comparing to other treatments. The individual interventions showed high impact on RTW. The issues such as individual interventions including change in lifestyle as well as doing particular exercises, job interventions including change in working stations, change in physical status during work and organizational interventions including special routine examinations, performing teamwork as well as particular training classes had played great impacts on RTW.
Determine the impact of the implementation of the program checklists resulting from official inspections in identifying hazards in an automotive industry
Authors: Halvani GH , Sahraee M
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Nowdays, the main concern of the responsible organizations in the field of safety is identifying and eliminating the dangers that threaten people`s lives and it can cause damage. Perhaps it can be said with caution that today there are so many incidents in the industrialized countries. A common approach to safety analysis and accident prevention is  inspection. The purpose of this study is determining the impact of the implementation of the schedule of checklist resulting from official inspections in identifying hazards in an automotive industry.
Methods:The library and scrolling method was used to collect data. In the theoretical sections, a questionnaire was developed using a library method and a scrolling method was used to collect data. In this research, descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the information. The samples were reviewed along with numerous charts. And the data were entered into the stata software for analysis.
Results: In this study, 716 items are marked with a check list, 459 (0.64%) risk befor and 579 (0.81%) the risk was detected after a checklist. There was a significant difference between the two ratios. In other words, the implementation of the checklist is effective in identifying the dangers.
Conclusion: Regarding the fact that in the case study company, the checklist did not play a major role in hazard identification and was not included in the checklist. It`s better to take advantage of checklist. Based on the results of these studes, it can be concluded that checklist inspections can have a significant impact on the identification of hazards.
Studying the Impact of Personality Traits and Psychologically Healthy Work Place on Strike Intention among nurses
Authors: Bordbar GH , Ebrahimzadeh Pezeshki R
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Strike is known as a socio-economic phenomenon in the field of industrial relations, with no significant cost management. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of personality traits and psychological health of work environment on strike intention among nurses in Yazd province.
Methods: The present study is applied and it is descriptive - survey. Statistical population consists of all nurses of Yazd province, among which 376 people were selected Stratified Random Sampling. For collecting data, two type of questionnaire were used. For assessing the strike intention, a researcher - made questionnaire was used. Also, for measuring personality traits and psychological health of the workplace, the standard questionnaire of Costa& McCrae (1992) and Mehdad (1389) was used. The validity of the standard questionnaire was confirmed by content validity. Reliability of the questionnaires was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. It should be mentioned that the validity of the "strike intention" questionnaire was also investigated using structural validity. In order to analyze the data, SPSS 21 and LISREL 8.8 software were used.
Results: According to the results of the study, the psychological health of the workplace has the greatest effect on strike reduction. Among the dimensions of neoclassical personality traits, Extraversion has a direct and significant effect on strike intention. After Extraversion, openness and neuroticism have a significant effect. Adaptability is the only personality trait that has no significant effect on strike intention. Also, the psychological health of the workplace in the desired state, and the intention of striking among nurses is lower than the average.
Conclusion: Hospital managers should identify the personality traits of the employees and provide personal profile staff to prepare to meet the crises. It is also necessary to evaluate the psychological health dimensions of the workplace on an annual basis, and the organization's fitness status in the strike management is investigated.
Investigating the effect of fan coils on suspended particles and its Effect on Air Pollution in Educational Spaces of Bojnourd University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Sepahi Zoeram F , Mehri H , Faramarzi Kohsar M , Esmailzadeh Kavaki M
Published: April 2020

Introduction: Considering that suspended particles are one of the main pollutants of air in cities as well as preventing of contamination beyond the standard level and the economic and health issues of employees and individuals involved in the enclosed environment is very important, the research team concluded that the effect of fan coils at the dispersion of suspended particles and its effect on air pollution in educational spaces.
Methods: In this study using the device Haz Dust and NIOSH500 suspended particles were measured in two seasons in the spring and summer and at 128 points.The sampling device was fixed at the center of the room at a height of one and a half meters, and with an impactor of 10 and 2.5 and the Teflon filter the amount of contaminants was read on the device before the fan coil is turned on and after reading it turned on and data was analyzed by SPSS 19 software and the value of p-value was calculated and compared with the standard limit.
Results: The level of pollution in educational spaces is lower than standard, and fan coils have an effect on the dispersion of PM10 particles, but in general, fan coils do not have a significant effect on the dispersion of particles in educational spaces.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the concentration of particles in the maximum time is less than standard, and the fan coil has no effect on the amount of contamination of educational spaces.