bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory properties of 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol (DAB) derivatives acting on glycogen metabolising enzymes
Authors: Díaz-Lobo Mireia , Concia Alda Lisa , Gómez Livia , Clapés Pere , Fita Ignacio , Guinovart Joan J. , Ferrer Joan C.
Published: September 2016

DAB derivatives functionalised at the hydroxymethyl group can selectively inhibit three retaining glycosyltranferases: rat muscle glycogen phosphorylase,E. coliglycogen synthase or isoform 4 of sucrose synthase.
Computational insight into the cooperative role of non-covalent interactions in the aza-Henry reaction catalyzed by quinine derivatives: mechanism and enantioselectivity
Authors: Xue Yunsheng , Wang Yuhui , Cao Zhongyan , Zhou Jian , Chen Zhao-Xu
Published: September 2016

DFT calculations reveal the viability of the two possible ion pair-hydrogen bonding and Brønsted acid-hydrogen bonding dual activation modes.
Evolution of specific 3′-5′-linkages in RNA in pre-biotic soup: a new hypothesis
Authors: Kumar Vaijayanti A.
Published: September 2016

This article reviews the different possibilities towards progression of formation of DNA/RNA in the chemical world. The discussion logically leads to the “DNA-First” hypothesis before life, in enzyme-free conditions.
Alkaline stable anion exchange membranes based on poly(phenylene-co-arylene ether ketone) backbones
Authors: Qiu Xiang , Ueda Mitsuru , Fang Yi , Chen Shouwen , Hu Zhaoxia , Zhang Xuan , Wang Lianjun
Published: September 2016

To improve the alkaline stability of anion exchange membranes (AEMs) based on conventional poly(ether ketone/sulfone) backbones, two novel poly(phenylene-co-arylene ether ketone) (PPAEK) ionomers with a quaternary ammonium (QA-) or imidazolium (IM-) group were prepared.
Comb-like temperature-responsive polyhydroxyalkanoate-graft-poly(2-dimethylamino-ethylmethacrylate) for controllable protein adsorption
Authors: Yao Hui , Wei Daixu , Che Xuemei , Cai Longwei , Tao Lei , Liu Lei , Wu Linping , Chen Guo-Qiang
Published: September 2016

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are a family of diverse biopolyesters produced by many bacteria grown on sustainable bio-resources such as glucose or fatty acids.
Artificial membranes with selective nanochannels for protein transport
Authors: Sutisna B. , Polymeropoulos G. , Mygiakis E. , Musteata V. , Peinemann K.-V. , Smilgies D.-M. , Hadjichristidis N. , Nunes S. P.
Published: September 2016

Membranes based on poly(styrene-b-4-hydroxystyrene-b-styrene) were prepared with nanochannels for preferential transport of proteins with molecular weight 14.3 kg mol−1and rejection of neutral polyethylene glycol molecules with molecular size of 10 kg mol−1.
Tuning the adsorption and separation properties of noble gases and N2 in CuBTC by ligand functionalization
Authors: Liu Zewei , Wu Ying , Liu Baoyu , Oh Su Chen , Fan Wei , Qian Yu , Xi Hongxia
Published: September 2016

The Grand Canonical Monte Carlo method was used to investigate adsorption and separation properties of noble gas and N2 mixtures on CuBTCs, functionalized with different groups, including amino, hydroxyl and fluorine groups.
Ultrasmall polymersomes of poly-α,β-(N-2-hydroxyethyl l-aspartamide)-graft-poly(l-lactic acid) copolymers as a potential drug carrier
Authors: Lee Hyun Jin , Kwon Seung-Hae , Jang Kwang-Suk
Published: September 2016

Ultrasmall polymersomes are suggested as a drug delivery platform based on their suitable size, narrow size distribution, uniform morphology, and high thermodynamic stability.
Catecholase activity, DNA binding and cytotoxicity studies of a Cu(ii) complex of a pyridoxal schiff base: synthesis, X-ray crystal structure, spectroscopic, electrochemical and theoretical studies
Authors: Adak Piyali , Ghosh Bipinbihari , Bauzá Antonio , Frontera Antonio , Blake Alexander J. , Corbella Montserrat , Das Mukhopadhyay Chitrangada , Chattopadhyay Shyamal Kumar
Published: September 2016

A Cu(ii) complex, [Cu(L1Hpy)Cl]2(ClO4)2, of a tridentate pyridoxal Schiff base shows exceptionally high catalytic efficiency (kcat = 3.46 × 105 h−1) for catecholase activity in MeOH solution, the highest value reported in literature so far.
Low cost, high performance flexible asymmetric supercapacitor based on modified filter paper and an ultra-fast packaging technique
Authors: Su Haibo , Zhu Pengli , Zhang Leicong , Zeng Wenjin , Zhou Fengrui , li Gang , Li Tingxi , Wang Qing , Sun Rong , Wong Chingping
Published: September 2016

A low cost, high performance flexible PF–RGO//PF–RGO–PANI asymmetric supercapacitor based on modified filter paper is reported together with an ultra-fast and layer by layer packaging technique.
ZnO nanoparticle-decorated two-dimensional titanium carbide with enhanced supercapacitive performance
Authors: Wang Fen , Cao Minjuan , Qin Yi , Zhu Jianfeng , Wang Lei , Tang Yi
Published: September 2016

The sandwich-like Ti3C2/ZnO electrode exhibits high-performance for supercapacitors.
MnO2 nanosheet-based heparin and OSCS fluorescent biosensor with lowered background and amplified hybridization chain reaction
Authors: Tian Ruifen , Jiang Hong , Wang Guangfeng
Published: September 2016

A “turn-on” ultrasensitive detection of heparin or OSCS was reported through MnO2 nanosheet quenched-ultralow background and HCR amplification strategy.
Photoelectrochemical and theoretical investigation of the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 : N
Authors: Soares Gabriela Byzynski , Ribeiro Renan Augusto Pontes , de Lazaro Sergio Ricardo , Ribeiro Caue
Published: September 2016

In N-doping on TiO2nanomaterial occurs a big decrease of band-gap (1 eV); however, its photocatalysis is low. We clarify such fact from effective mass,i.e., the electron–hole recombination is more than creation of electron–hole pair.
Association behaviors of carbazole-labeled polyacrylamide in water studied by fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Guo Yongjun , Zheng Chao , Yang Hongmei , Liang Yan
Published: September 2016

Spectroscopic signatures in aggregation process of carbazole-labeled copolymers in water.
Recombinant sFRP4 bound chitosan–alginate composite nanoparticles embedded with silver nanoclusters for Wnt/β-catenin targeting in cancer theranostics
Authors: Ghoshal Archita , Goswami Upashi , Raza Asif , Chattopadhyay Arun , Ghosh Siddhartha Sankar
Published: September 2016

Targeting a specific pathway aberrantly upregulated in cancer cells has shown immense potential in cancer therapy.
Sampling-based robust control in synchronizing collision with shaped laser pulses: an application in charge transfer for H+ + D → H + D+
Authors: Zhang Wei , Dong Daoyi , Petersen Ian R. , Rabitz Herschel A.
Published: September 2016

In this paper, we show that robust laser pulses can be obtained by a sampling-based method to achieve a desired charge transfer probability with limited sensitivity to the arrival time of laser pulses.
Electrical behaviour of native cellulose nanofibril/carbon nanotube hybrid aerogels under cyclic compression
Authors: Wang Miao , Anoshkin Ilya V. , Nasibulin Albert G. , Ras Robin H. A. , Nonappa Nonappa , Laine Janne , Kauppinen Esko I. , Ikkala Olli
Published: September 2016

Hybrid aerogels consisting of cellulose nanofibers (CNF) and modified few-walled carbon nanotubes (FWCNT) are investigated under cyclic mechanical compression to explore “electrical fatigue”.
Catalytic methane combustion over iron/nitrogen-doped silicon carbide
Authors: Koshikawa Hiroyuki , Nakanishi Shuji , Hashimoto Kazuhito , Kamiya Kazuhide
Published: September 2016

We report that the catalytic combustion of methane was accelerated over iron and nitrogen-modified silicon carbide.
Effect of counterions on the binding affinity of Na+ions with phospholipid membranes
Authors: Maity Pabitra , Saha Baishakhi , Kumar Gopinatha Suresh , Karmakar Sanat
Published: September 2016

We have systematically investigated the effect of counterions on the interaction of the Na+ion with phospholipid membranes using dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, isothermal titration calorimetry and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques.
Shikonin derivatives as inhibitors of tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase: design, synthesis and biological evaluation
Authors: Qiu Han-Yue , Wang Peng-Fei , Wang Zi-Zhen , Luo Yue-Lin , Hu Dong-Qing , Qi Jin-Liang , Lu Gui-Hua , Pang Yan-Jun , Yang Rong-Wu , Zhu Hai-Liang , Wang Xiao-Ming , Yang Yong-Hua
Published: September 2016

A series of novel tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors was designed and synthesized as anti-bacteria agents based on natural product shikonin and in silico scaffold modification strategy.
One-step synthesis of recycled 3D CeVO4/rGO composite aerogels for efficient degradation of organic dyes
Authors: Liu Q. Q. , Fan C. Y. , Tang H. , Ma T. D. , Shen J. Y.
Published: September 2016

Three dimensional (3D) CeVO4/rGO porous aerogels were fabricated by a one-pot hydrothermal method.
A highly selective fluorescent sensor for Al3+ based on a new diarylethene with a 3-hydroxy-2-naphthohydrazide unit
Authors: Cui Shiqiang , Tang Yongjuan , Pu Shouzhi
Published: September 2016

A novel diarylethene with a 3-hydroxy-2-naphthohydrazide unit was synthesized. It exhibited multi-responsive properties when triggered by lights, base/acid and metal ions. Moreover, the diarylethene could be used as a fluorescent sensor for Al3+.
Oxidation of natural organic matter with processes involving O3, H2O2and UV light: formation of oxidation and disinfection by-products
Authors: Agbaba Jasmina , Jazić Jelena Molnar , Tubić Aleksandra , Watson Malcolm , Maletić Snežana , Isakovski Marijana Kragulj , Dalmacija Božo
Published: September 2016

This study investigates the effects of UV photolysis, ozonation and different advanced oxidation processes (O3/UV, H2O2/UV and O3/H2O2/UV) on the oxidation of groundwater natural organic matter (NOM) and by-product formation.
Efficient catalytic oxidation of alcohol to carbonyl compounds over CoFe hydrotalcites
Authors: Zhou W. Y. , Pan J. G. , Wu Z. , Qian J. F. , He M. Y. , Chen Q.
Published: September 2016

A series of CO32−–CoxFe–LDHs (x = 2, 3, 4 and 5) compounds with different Co/Fe ratios have been prepared, characterized and introduced into the selective oxidation of alcohols by tert-butylhydroperoxide.
A comparison of the influence of flocculent and granular structure of sludge on activated carbon: preparation, characterization and application
Authors: Liu Ting , Wei Dong , Zhang Ge , Hu Lihua , Du Bin , Wei Qin
Published: September 2016

The novelty of the work is the influence of sludge structure on activated carbon preparation, characterization and application.
Heparin-immobilized gold-assisted controlled release of growth factors via electrochemical modulation
Authors: Kim Boyoung , Gwon Kihak , Lee Seyeong , Kim Young Ha , Yoon Myung-Han , Tae Giyoong
Published: September 2016

Electrochemically-controlled release of bFGF using heparin-immobilized gold via different types of mechanisms (desorption of thiols from gold and modulation of specific interaction between heparin and bFGF) and its biocompatibility.
Latest trends in molecular imprinted polymer based drug delivery systems
Authors: Zaidi Shabi Abbas
Published: September 2016

Molecular imprinted polymers (MIP) are promising and versatile materials that have been used for the determination of many different analytes.
Functional block copolymer nanocarriers for anticancer drug delivery
Authors: Babikova Dimitrina , Kalinova Radostina , Zhelezova Ivelina , Momekova Denitsa , Konstantinov Spiro , Momekov Georgi , Dimitrov Ivaylo
Published: September 2016

We present a synthetic strategy towards functional polymer-based nanocarriers for potential anticancer drug delivery.
Solution and solid-state fluorescence of 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)-1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one (HBD) borate complexes
Authors: Mtiraoui Hasan , Gharbi Rafik , Msaddek Moncef , Bretonnière Yann , Andraud Chantal , Renard Pierre-Yves , Sabot Cyrille
Published: September 2016

A new family of fluorescent 1,5-benzodiazepin-2-one (HBD) borate complexes was prepared in good yields, and fully characterized by means of MS, NMR and IR spectroscopy, as well as X-ray crystal structure analysis for compound 13.
Synthesis of dimeric analogs of adenophostin A that potently evoke Ca2+release through IP3receptors
Authors: Vibhute Amol M. , Pushpanandan Poornenth , Varghese Maria , Koniecnzy Vera , Taylor Colin W. , Sureshan Kana M.
Published: September 2016

Syntheses and Ca2+release potentials of four dimeric analogs of adenophostin A (AdA) through activation of type 1 IP3R are reported. These analogs are full agonists of IP3R and are equipotent to AdA, the most potent agonist of IP3R.
In situ growth of metallic 1T-WS2 nanoislands on single-walled carbon nanotube films for improved electrochemical performance
Authors: He Qun , Xu Weiyu , Chen Shuangming , Liu Daobin , Habib Muhammad , Liu Qin , Wang Changda , Haleem Yasir A. , Xiang Ting , Wu Chuanqiang , Khalil Adnan , Fang Qi , Niu Zhiqiang , Song Li
Published: September 2016

Layered tungsten disulfide (WS2) is a potential electrode material for electric double layer capacitance (EDLC) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
Effects of magnetization on Fe(iii) species in magnetically enhanced coagulation ultrafiltration processes
Authors: Wang Jie , Yang Sasa , Jia Hui , Zhang Hongwei
Published: September 2016

The effects of magnetization on floc properties and membrane fouling in magnetically enhanced coagulation ultrafiltration (MEC-UF) processes for micro-polluted water treatment were investigated in this study.
Tunable luminescence and energy transfer of a Eu2+/Mn2+ co-doped Sr3NaY(PO4)3F phosphor for white LEDs
Authors: Yang Zaifa , Xu Denghui , Du Jiangnan , Gao Xuedong , Sun Jiayue
Published: September 2016

A series of single-phase and color-tunable Sr3NaY(PO4)3F:Eu2+, Mn2+ phosphors have been successfully prepared via the solid-state reaction.
Specific protein labeling with caged fluorophores for dual-color imaging and super-resolution microscopy in living cells
Authors: Hauke Sebastian , von Appen Alexander , Quidwai Tooba , Ries Jonas , Wombacher Richard
Published: September 2016

We present new fluorophore-conjugates for dual-color photoactivation and super-resolution imaging inside live mammalian cells.
Mild and selective base-free C–H arylation of heteroarenes: experiment and computation
Authors: Gemoets Hannes P. L. , Kalvet Indrek , Nyuchev Alexander V. , Erdmann Nico , Hessel Volker , Schoenebeck Franziska , Noël Timothy
Published: September 2016

A mild and selective C–H arylation strategy for indoles, benzofurans and benzothiophenes is described.
Highly selective olefin-assisted palladium-catalyzed oxidative carbocyclization via remote olefin insertion
Authors: Qiu Youai , Yang Bin , Zhu Can , Bäckvall Jan-E.
Published: September 2016

An olefin-assisted palladium-catalyzed oxidative carbocyclization of enallenes to afford cyclohexene skeletons involving ligand exchange of olefins has been established.
Indolo[3,2-b]indole-based crystalline hole-transporting material for highly efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Cho Illhun , Jeon Nam Joong , Kwon Oh Kyu , Kim Dong Won , Jung Eui Hyuk , Noh Jun Hong , Seo Jangwon , Seok Sang Il , Park Soo Young
Published: September 2016

A fluorinated indolo[3,2-b]indole (IDID) derivative is prepared as a crystalline hole transporting material for perovskite solar cells. A fluorinated IDID backbone enables a tight molecular stacking by π–π interaction. The device fabricated using IDIDF exhibits a PCE of 19%.
Theoretical prediction of MoN2 monolayer as a high capacity electrode material for metal ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Xiaoming , Yu Zhiming , Wang Shan-Shan , Guan Shan , Yang Hui Ying , Yao Yugui , Yang Shengyuan A.
Published: September 2016

MoN2 monolayer is a promising electrode material for metal ion batteries with high performance.
Pressure controlled drug release in a Zr-cluster-based MOF
Authors: Jiang Ke , Zhang Ling , Hu Quan , Zhao Dian , Xia Tifeng , Lin Wenxin , Yang Yanyu , Cui Yuanjing , Yang Yu , Qian Guodong
Published: September 2016

A Zr-cluster-based MOF ZJU-800 was synthesized with high drug loading capacity for controllable drug delivery from 2 days to 8 days.
Research progress and application prospects of transition metal Mn4+-activated luminescent materials
Authors: Zhou Zhi , Zhou Nan , Xia Mao , Yokoyama Meiso , Hintzen H. T. (Bert)
Published: September 2016

Transition metal Mn4+doped materials showing very narrow red emission have attracted tremendous interest for compositions based on abundant resources and mild production processes.
Emission stability and reversibility of upconversion nanocrystals
Authors: Liu Deming , Xu Xiaoxue , Wang Fan , Zhou Jiajia , Mi Chao , Zhang Lixin , Lu Yiqing , Ma Chenshuo , Goldys Ewa , Lin Jun , Jin Dayong
Published: September 2016

We report the emission stability and reversibility of NaYF4:Yb3+,Er3+ core and core–shell nanocrystals at different temperatures and pH values.
Recent advances in flexible organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Xu Rui-Peng , Li Yan-Qing , Tang Jian-Xin
Published: September 2016

This review summarizes the recent achievements in flexible OLEDs involving transparent conductive electrodes, device fabrication, light extraction technologies, as well as encapsulation methods.
Influence of ethynyl position on benzothiadiazole based D–A–π–A dye-sensitized solar cells: spectral response and photovoltage performance
Authors: Song Xiongrong , Zhang Weiwei , Li Xin , Jiang Huiyun , Shen Chao , Zhu Wei-Hong
Published: September 2016

Three D–A–π–A featured organic dyes has been designed for systematic insight into the effect of ethynyl positions on photovoltaic performances. Insertion of triple bond close to anchoring group exhibits better photovoltaic performance with higher open-circuit voltage.
The Charcot Marie Tooth disease protein LITAF is a zinc-binding monotopic membrane protein
Authors: Qin Wenxia , Wunderley Lydia , Barrett Anne L. , High Stephen , Woodman Philip G.
Published: September 2016

LITAF (LPS-induced TNF-activating factor) is an endosome-associated integral membrane protein important for multivesicular body sorting. Several mutations in LITAF cause autosomal-dominant Charcot Marie Tooth disease type 1C. These mutations map to a highly conserved C-terminal region, termed the LITAF domain, which includes a 22 residue hydrophobic sequence and flanking cysteine-rich regions that contain peptide motifs found in zinc fingers. Although the LITAF domain is thought to be responsible for membrane integration, the membrane topology of LITAF has not been established. Here, we have investigated whether LITAF is a tail-anchored (TA) membrane-spanning protein or monotopic membrane protein. When translated in vitro, LITAF integrates poorly into ER-derived microsomes compared with Sec61β, a bona fide TA protein. Furthermore, introduction of N-linked glycosylation reporters shows that neither the N-terminal nor C-terminal domains of LITAF translocate into the ER lumen. Expression in cells of an LITAF construct containing C-terminal glycosylation sites confirms that LITAF is not a TA protein in cells. Finally, an immunofluorescence-based latency assay showed that both the N- and C-termini of LITAF are exposed to the cytoplasm. Recombinant LITAF contains 1 mol/mol zinc, while mutation of predicted zinc-binding residues disrupts LITAF membrane association. Hence, we conclude that LITAF is a monotopic membrane protein whose membrane integration is stabilised by a zinc finger. The related human protein, CDIP1 (cell death involved p53 target 1), displays identical membrane topology, suggesting that this mode of membrane integration is conserved in LITAF family proteins.
Informational Text Content and Structure: Intervention Ideas for Young Children
Authors: Hall-Kenyon Kendra M. , Culatta Barbara
Published: September 2016

In recent years there has been an effort to increase the use of informational texts in early childhood settings (Pre-K-2), creating a growing need for effective strategies to teach the unique features of informational texts. This article will share practical ideas for supporting young children's exploration of informational content and initial awareness of basic organizational patterns found in informational texts. Strategies will be shared for highlighting relationships that can occur between or among ideas (e.g., problem/solution, compare/contrast, and sequence), strengthening content learning through oral language associated with multiple texts and experiences, and engaging children's interest in informational content.
Use of Simulation With Standardized Patients in AAC Pre-Service Training: Potentiating Practical Learning
Authors: Gutmann Michelle
Published: September 2016

In this article, a brief overview of simulation is presented as a way to contextualize discussion of its application to pre-service clinical skill learning in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). The emphasis of this article is on the process of standardized patient implementation rather than its product. The steps involved in preparing for, implementing, and evaluating this learning activity will be discussed, as will directions for further relevant activity and research.
Impact of access contention on cooperative sensing optimisation in cognitive radio networks
Authors: Zhang Shaojie , Zhao Haitao , Wang Shan , Hafid Abdelhakim Senhaji
Published: September 2016

The tradeoff between decreasing interference to primary user (PU) and increasing secondary user's (SU's) throughput is of great importance for cooperative sensing in cognitive radio networks. Non‐ideal spectrum sensing in PHY and multiple SUs' access contention in MAC jointly impact SUs' transmission and the tradeoff. In this study, the authors investigate the joint impact from a cross‐layer perspective. First, they quantify the reliability of cooperative sensing and compute SUs' transmission probability under the conditions of non‐ideal sensing and access contention. Closed‐form expressions of the interference probability to PU and SUs' throughput are derived. Specially, two widely‐used contention‐based MAC protocols, i.e. slotted Aloha and distributed coordination function, are studied. Then, they formulate the sensing‐throughput tradeoff problem by using interference probability to PU, rather than the detection probability, as the constraint. Finally, a 2‐dimension search algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal solution, including the optimal fusion rule, sensing duration and detection threshold. Simulation results validate the outperformance of the cross‐layer scheme. They also demonstrate how the optimal solution varies with some key parameters, i.e. PU's signal‐to‐noise ratio and the number of contending SUs.
3D‐printed planar graded index lenses
Authors: Zhang Shiyu , Arya Ravi Kumar , Pandey Shaileshchandra , Vardaxoglou Yiannis , Whittow Will , Mittra Raj
Published: September 2016

The authors introduce two flat graded‐index (GRIN) lens designs in this study. First of these is a thick lens, which was designed and fabricated by using the three‐dimensional (3D)‐printing technique. Second, a thin dial‐a‐dielectric (DaD) lens, which uses state‐of‐the‐art artificially engineered dielectric materials for design and for which they present only the simulated results, with plans to fabricate it in the future. Both designs overcome the difficulties faced in finding desired commercial off‐the‐shelf materials, either for 3D‐printing or for fabricating conventional GRIN lenses. The lenses comprise of several concentric dielectric rings with bespoke relative permittivities for transforming spherical waves into plane waves and vice versa. The 3D‐printed thick flat lens is low‐cost and light‐weight, but provides broadband and high gain performance. Measurement results show that the realised gain of the thick lens is 9–11 dB over the frequency band of 12–18 GHz. The designed DaD lens has the desirable characteristics of low loss, low reflection and broadband properties.
Case Report of Posttraumatic Middle Cerebral Artery Territory Infarct
Authors: Unnithan Ajaya
Published: September 2016

A 27-year-old man had severe diffuse brain injury. The patient developed malignant right MCA territory infarction on second day. Emergency decompressive craniectomy was done. He was ventilated. He developed subdural hygroma on the opposite side that was drained. He improved slowly. He had hydrocephalus. VP shunt was done. He became conscious but dependent. PEG was done for feeding. Cranioplasty was done for syndrome of trephined. The patent improved to a state of good cognition with residual motor aphasia and left hemiplegia.

Posttraumatic cerebral infarction is an indicator of poor prognosis. Vasospasm, intimal dissection, and thrombosis are the mechanisms. MCA territorial infarction is rare. Usual mechanism is impact of rotational forces on relatively fixed M1 segment on the posterior margin of lower wing of sphenoid, resulting in arterial dissection or intimal damage.
Atomic, electronic, and magnetic properties of bimetallic ZrCo clusters: A first-principles study
Authors: Chattaraj D. , Bhattacharya Saswata , Dash Smruti , Majumder C.
Published: September 2016

Here, we report the atomic, electronic, and magnetic structures of small ZrmCon (m + n = 2, 4, 6, and 8) alloy clusters based on spin-polarized density functional theory under the plane wave based pseudo-potential approach. The ground state geometry and other low-lying stable isomers of each cluster have been identified using the cascade genetic algorithm scheme. On the basis of the relative energy, it is found that Zr2Co2 (for tetramer), Zr3Co3 (for hexamer), and Zr4Co4 (for octamer) are the most stable isomers than others. In order to underscore the hydrogen storage capacity of these small clusters, the hydrogen adsorption on the stable ZrmCon (m + n = 2, 4, 6, and 8) clusters has also been studied. The electronic structures of ZrmCon clusters with and without adsorbed hydrogen are described in terms of density of states spectra and charge density contours.
Circumventing spontaneous Raman noise in a correlated photon pair source
Authors: Blay Daniel R. , Helt L. G. , Steel M. J.
Published: September 2016

We propose a dual-pump third-order nonlinear scheme for producing pairs of correlated photons that is less susceptible to Raman noise than typical spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) methods. Beginning with the full multimode Hamiltonian, we derive a general expression for the joint spectral amplitude, from which the probability of producing a pair of photons can be calculated. As an example, we demonstrate that a probability of 0.012 pairs per pulse can be achieved in an appropriately designed fused silica microfiber. As compared with single pump SFWM in standard fiber, we calculate that our process shows significant suppression of the spontaneous Raman scattering and an improvement in the signal to noise ratio.
Direct observation of the ferroelectric polarization in the layered perovskite Bi4Ti3O12
Authors: Urushihara Daisuke , Komabuchi Mai , Ishizawa Nobuo , Iwata Makoto , Fukuda Koichiro , Asaka Toru
Published: September 2016

We investigated the crystal structure and ferroelectric domains of Bi4Ti3O12 (BTO) by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and single-crystal X-ray diffractometry. From the extinction rule, we determined that the space group in the ferroelectric phase of BTO is P1a1 rather than B2cb and B1a1 which have been proposed previously. We successfully refined the crystal structure based on the space group P1a1. The 180° and 90° ferroelectric domain structures were observed by the [001]-zone dark-field TEM imaging. In the 180° domain structure, we determined that one component of the polarization vector is parallel to the a-axis. An annular bright-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ABF-STEM) was performed for the direct observation of the crystal structures. The ABF-STEM images displayed the contrasts with respect to every atomic position in spite of the highly distorted structure of BTO. We could evaluate the tilting and distortion of the [TiO6] octahedra relatively. Therefore, we directly observed the ferroelectric displacements of Bi and Ti ions.
Improved spatial calibration for the CXRS system on EAST
Authors: Yin X. H. , Li Y. Y. , Fu J. , Jiang D. , Feng S. Y. , Gu Y. Q. , Cheng Y. , Lyu B. , Shi Y. J. , Ye M. Y. , Wan B. N.
Published: September 2016

A Charge eXchange Recombination Spectroscopy (CXRS) diagnostic system has been developed to measure profiles of ion temperature and rotation since 2014 on EAST. Several techniques have been developed to improve the spatial calibration of the CXRS diagnostic. The sightline location was obtained by measuring the coordinates of three points on each sightline using an articulated flexible coordinate measuring arm when the vessel was accessible. After vacuum pumping, the effect of pressure change in the vacuum vessel was evaluated by observing the movement of the light spot from back-illuminated sightlines on the first wall using the newly developed articulated inspection arm. In addition, the rotation of the periscope after vacuum pumping was derived by using the Doppler shift of neutral beam emission spectra without magnetic field. Combining these techniques, improved spatial calibration was implemented to provide a complete and accurate description of the EAST CXRS system. Due to the effects of the change of air pressure, a ∼0.4° periscope rotation, yielding a ∼20 mm movement of the major radius of observation positions to the lower field side, was derived. Results of Zeeman splitting of neutral beam emission spectra with magnetic field also showed good agreement with the calibration results.
An ultrafast reciprocating probe
Authors: Liu Wenbin , Tan Yi , Wang Wenhao , Gao Zhe
Published: September 2016

For tokamak plasma diagnostics, an ultrafast reciprocating probe system driven by magnetic field coils, achieving a maximum velocity of 21 m/s, is introduced. The probes are attached with a driving hoop made of carbon steel and accelerated by three acceleration coils in series, then decelerated by two deceleration coils and buffer springs and return slowly. The coils with a current of about 1 kA generate a magnetic field of about 1 T. This probe system has been tested on the SUNIST (Sino-UNIted Spherical Tokamak) spherical tokamak. Radial profiles of the floating potential and other plasma parameters measured by this probe system are given.
Manipulation of magnetism in perpendicularly magnetized Heusler alloy Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5 by electric-field at room temperature
Authors: Wang H. L. , Wu Y. , Yu H. J. , Jiang Y. , Zhao J. H.
Published: September 2016

The electrical manipulation of magnetic properties in perpendicularly magnetized Co2FeAl0.5Si0.5 ultra-thin films has been investigated. An electric-field is applied by utilizing either a solid-state dielectric HfO2 film or an ionic gel film as the gate insulator in the form of a field effect parallel capacitor. Obvious changes of the coercive field and Curie temperature (∼24 K) by gating voltage are observed for a 0.8 nm thick film, while a clear change of the magnetic anisotropy is obtained for the 1.1 nm thick one. The experimental results have been attributed to both the electric-field-induced modulation of carrier density near the interface and the oxidation-reduction effect inside the magnetic films.
Cause and effects of a megafire in sedge-heathland in the Tasmanian temperate wilderness
Authors: French Ben J. , Prior Lynda D. , Williamson Grant J. , Bowman David M. J. S.
Published: September 2016

The World Heritage wilderness of south-western Tasmania contains a complex vegetation mosaic of eucalypt forest, myrtaceous scrub and fire-sensitive rainforest embedded in highly flammable sedge–heathland. Aboriginal burning shaped this temperate region for millennia, and large, severe wildfires have prevailed since European settlement in the early 19th century. In 2013, the Giblin River fire burnt 45 000 ha of wilderness, most of which was sedge-heathland. We surveyed the fire footprint, and an adjacent management burn, to investigate the drivers of fire severity in sedge-heathland and to assess the regeneration response of woody vegetation and how these were influenced by antecedent fire histories. Analyses based on multi-model inference identified time since fire as the most important driver of sedge-heathland fire severity, as measured by diameter of burnt twigs. Mortality was high for both main stems (98%) and whole plants (91%), with only 16% of dead stems resprouting. Resprouting and seedling establishment were little affected by fire severity. The value of prescribed burning in reducing both the extent and severity of wildfires in the south-western Tasmanian landscape, and in maintaining stand-age heterogeneity, is illustrated by the wildfire having self-extinguished on the boundary of the management burn.
De novo DNA methylation by DNA methyltransferase 3a controls early effector CD8+T-cell fate decisions following activation
Authors: Ladle Brian H. , Li Kun-Po , Phillips Maggie J. , Pucsek Alexandra B. , Haile Azeb , Powell Jonathan D. , Jaffee Elizabeth M. , Hildeman David A. , Gamper Christopher J.
Published: September 2016

Significance

Upon activation and proliferation, CD8+T cells uniformly differentiate first into an early effector cell stage. This is followed by divergent differentiation into a mix of memory precursor and terminal effector cells. The contributing factors to the fate decisions during the early effector cell stage continue to be deciphered. Here we report the critical role of the de novo DNA methyltransferase 3a (DNMT3a) in restricting the development of memory precursor cells and allowing normal terminal effector cell differentiation. Importantly, the effects of DNMT3a-mediated DNA methylation occur during the early effector cell stage of CD8+T-cell differentiation.
Atom–atom interactions around the band edge of a photonic crystal waveguide
Authors: Hood Jonathan D. , Goban Akihisa , Asenjo-Garcia Ana , Lu Mingwu , Yu Su-Peng , Chang Darrick E. , Kimble H. J.
Published: September 2016

Significance

In recent years, there has been considerable effort to bring ultracold atoms into the realm of nanophotonics. Nanoscopic dielectric devices offer unprecedented opportunities to engineer novel capabilities for the control of atom–photon interactions. In particular, photonic crystals are periodic dielectric structures that display a photonic bandgap where light cannot propagate and provide a new setting for coherent photon-mediated interactions between atoms with tunable range. Here, we report the initial observation of cooperative atom–atom interactions around the band edge of a photonic crystal waveguide. Our experiment opens the door to fascinating scenarios, such as exploring many-body physics with large spin exchange energies and low dissipation.
A multifactorial analysis of that/zero alternation
Authors: Shank Christopher , Plevoets Koen , Van Bogaert Julie
Published: September 2016

This corpus-based study uses a stepwise logistic regression analysis to examine
the diachronic development of that/zero alternation with three verbs of cognition,
viz. think, guess and understand in both spoken and written corpora from
1560–2012. Eleven structural features which have been claimed in the literature
to predict the presence of the zero complementizer form are tested to see if
(1) there is indeed a diachronic trend towards more zero use, (2) whether the
conditioning factors proposed in the literature indeed predict the zero form,
(3) to what extent these factors interact and (4) whether the predictive power
of the conditioning factors becomes stronger or weaker over time. The analysis
disproves the hypothesis that there has been an overall diachronic development
towards more zero use and that the interactions with verb type brings to light
differences between verbs in terms of the predictive power of the individual
structural features.
Non-Faith-Based Arguments against Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia
Authors: Sulmasy Daniel P. , Travaline John M. , Mitchell Louise A. , Ely E. Wesley
Published: September 2016

This article is a complement to “A Template for Non-Religious-Based Discussions Against Euthanasia” by Melissa Harintho, Nathaniel Bloodworth, and E. Wesley Ely which appeared in the February 2015 Linacre Quarterly. Herein we build upon Daniel Sulmasy's opening and closing arguments from the 2014 Intelligence Squared debate on legalizing assisted suicide, supplemented by other non-faith-based arguments and thoughts, providing four nontheistic arguments against physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia: (1) “it offends me”; (2) slippery slope; (3) “pain can be alleviated”; (4) physician integrity and patient trust.

Lay Summary: Presented here are four non-religious, reasonable arguments against physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia: (1) “it offends me,” suicide devalues human life; (2) slippery slope, the limits on euthanasia gradually erode; (3) “pain can be alleviated,” palliative care and modern therapeutics more and more adequately manage pain; (4) physician integrity and patient trust, participating in suicide violates the integrity of the physician and undermines the trust patients place in physicians to heal and not to harm.
5′-Inositol phosphatase SHIP2 recruits Mena to stabilize invadopodia for cancer cell invasion
Authors: Rajadurai Charles V. , Havrylov Serhiy , Coelho Paula P. , Ratcliffe Colin D.H. , Zaoui Kossay , Huang Bruce H. , Monast Anie , Chughtai Naila , Sangwan Veena , Gertler Frank B. , Siegel Peter M. , Park Morag
Published: September 2016

Invadopodia are specialized membrane protrusions that support degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) by cancer cells, allowing invasion and metastatic spread. Although early stages of invadopodia assembly have been elucidated, little is known about maturation of invadopodia into structures competent for ECM proteolysis. The localized conversion of phosphatidylinositol(3,4,5)-triphosphate and accumulation of phosphatidylinositol(3,4)-bisphosphate at invadopodia is a key determinant for invadopodia maturation. Here we investigate the role of the 5′-inositol phosphatase, SHIP2, and reveal an unexpected scaffold function of SHIP2 as a prerequisite for invadopodia-mediated ECM degradation. Through biochemical and structure-function analyses, we identify specific interactions between SHIP2 and Mena, an Ena/VASP-family actin regulatory protein. We demonstrate that SHIP2 recruits Mena, but not VASP, to invadopodia and that disruption of SHIP2–Mena interaction in cancer cells leads to attenuated capacity for ECM degradation and invasion in vitro, as well as reduced metastasis in vivo. Together, these findings identify SHIP2 as a key modulator of carcinoma invasiveness and a target for metastatic disease.
Hermitian 𝑢-invariants over function fields of 𝑝-adic curves
Authors: Wu Zhengyao
Published: September 2016

Letppbe an odd prime. LetFFbe the function field of app-adic curve. LetAAbe a central simple algebra of period 2 overFFwith an involutionσ\sigma. There are known upper bounds for theuu-invariant of hermitian forms over(A,σ)(A, \sigma ). In this article we compute the exact values of theuu-invariant of hermitian forms over(A,σ)(A, \sigma ).
Acute accumulation of free cholesterol induces the degradation of perilipin 2 and Rab18-dependent fusion of ER and lipid droplets in cultured human hepatocytes
Authors: Makino Asami , Hullin-Matsuda Françoise , Murate Motohide , Abe Mitsuhiro , Tomishige Nario , Fukuda Mitsunori , Yamashita Shizuya , Fujimoto Toyoshi , Vidal Hubert , Lagarde Michel , Delton Isabelle , Kobayashi Toshihide
Published: September 2016

Dysregulated hepatic cholesterol homeostasis with free cholesterol accumulation in the liver is relevant to the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, contributing to the chronicity of liver toxicity. Here we examined the effect of free cholesterol accumulation on the morphology and biochemical properties of lipid droplets (LDs) in cultured hepatocytes. Acute free cholesterol accumulation induced the fusion of LDs, followed by degradation of the coat protein of LDs, perilipin 2 (PLIN2; also called adipophilin or adipose differentiation–related protein), and association of apolipoprotein B 100 (ApoB 100) to LDs. The degradation of PLIN2 was inhibited by inhibitors of ubiquitination, autophagy, and protein synthesis. The results indicate that association of ApoB 100 with LDs is dependent on the activity of low–molecular weight GTP-binding protein Rab18 and highlight the role of LDs as targets of free cholesterol toxicity in hepatocytes.
Conformational plasticity of JRAB/MICAL-L2 provides “law and order” in collective cell migration
Authors: Sakane Ayuko , Yoshizawa Shin , Nishimura Masaomi , Tsuchiya Yuko , Matsushita Natsuki , Miyake Kazuhisa , Horikawa Kazuki , Imoto Issei , Mizuguchi Chiharu , Saito Hiroyuki , Ueno Takato , Matsushita Sachi , Haga Hisashi , Deguchi Shinji , Mizuguchi Kenji , Yokota Hideo , Sasaki Takuya
Published: September 2016

In fundamental biological processes, cells often move in groups, a process termed collective cell migration. Collectively migrating cells are much better organized than a random assemblage of individual cells. Many molecules have been identified as factors involved in collective cell migration, and no one molecule is adequate to explain the whole picture. Here we show that JRAB/MICAL-L2, an effector protein of Rab13 GTPase, provides the “law and order” allowing myriad cells to behave as a single unit just by changing its conformation. First, we generated a structural model of JRAB/MICAL-L2 by a combination of bioinformatic and biochemical analyses and showed how JRAB/MICAL-L2 interacts with Rab13 and how its conformational change occurs. We combined cell biology, live imaging, computational biology, and biomechanics to show that impairment of conformational plasticity in JRAB/MICAL-L2 causes excessive rigidity and loss of directionality, leading to imbalance in cell group behavior. This multidisciplinary approach supports the concept that the conformational plasticity of a single molecule provides “law and order” in collective cell migration.
Clus-DoC: a combined cluster detection and colocalization analysis for single-molecule localization microscopy data
Authors: Pageon Sophie V. , Nicovich Philip R. , Mollazade Mahdie , Tabarin Thibault , Gaus Katharina
Published: September 2016

Advances in fluorescence microscopy are providing increasing evidence that the spatial organization of proteins in cell membranes may facilitate signal initiation and integration for appropriate cellular responses. Our understanding of how changes in spatial organization are linked to function has been hampered by the inability to directly measure signaling activity or protein association at the level of individual proteins in intact cells. Here we solve this measurement challenge by developing Clus-DoC, an analysis strategy that quantifies both the spatial distribution of a protein and its colocalization status. We apply this approach to the triggering of the T-cell receptor during T-cell activation, as well as to the functionality of focal adhesions in fibroblasts, thereby demonstrating an experimental and analytical workflow that can be used to quantify signaling activity and protein colocalization at the level of individual proteins.
Reading in the Digital Era
Authors: Koepnick Lutz
Published: September 2016

Digital reading has been an object of fervent scholarly and public debates since the mid-1990s. Often digital reading has been associated solely with what may happen between readers and screens, and in dominant approaches digital reading devices have been seen as producing radically different readers than printed books produce.

Far from merely reducing digital reading to a mere matter of what e-books might do to the attention spans of individual readers, however, contemporary critiques emphasize how digital computing affects and is being affected by neurological, sensory, kinetic, and apparatical processes. The future of reading has too many different aspects to be discussed by scholars of one discipline or field of study alone. Digital reading is as much a matter for neurologists as for literary scholars, for engineers as much as ergonomicians, for psychologists, physiologists, media historians, art critics, critical theorists, and many others. Scholars of literature will need to consult many fields to elaborate a future poetics of digital reading and examine how literary texts in all their different forms are and will be met by 21st-century readers.
Political Agenda Setting and the Mass Media
Authors: Walgrave Stefaan , Van Aelst Peter
Published: September 2016

Recently, the number of studies examining whether media coverage has an effect on the political agenda has been growing strongly. Most studies found that preceding media coverage does exert an effect on the subsequent attention for issues by political actors. These effects are contingent, though, they depend on the type of issue and the type of political actor one is dealing with. Most extant work has drawn on aggregate time-series designs, and the field is as good as fully non-comparative.

To further develop our knowledge about how and why the mass media exert influence on the political agenda, three ways forward are suggested. First, we need better theory about why political actors would adopt media issues and start devoting attention to them. The core of such a theory should be the notion of the applicability of information encapsulated in the media coverage to the goals and the task at hand of the political actors. Media information has a number of features that make it very attractive for political actors to use—it is often negative, for instance. Second, we plead for a disaggregation of the level of analysis from the institutional level (e.g., parliament) or the collective actor level (e.g., party) to the individual level (e.g., members of parliament). Since individuals process media information, and since the goals and tasks of individuals that trigger the applicability mechanism are diverse, the best way to move forward is to tackle the agenda setting puzzle at the individual level. This implies surveying individual elites or, even better, implementing experimental designs to individual elite actors. Third, the field is in dire need of comparative work comparing how political actors respond to media coverage across countries or political systems.