bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automation of mine interferometric analyzer of methane and carbon digestion concentration in air
Authors: Semenov V. V.
Published: May 2022

The lack of automatic control is a drawback of mine interferometric analyzers of methane and carbon digestion concentration in air. We present the results of developing an algorithm for automating the process of measuring the concentration of methane and carbon dioxide in air with a mine interferometric analyzer. An automatic determination of the shift of the interference pattern by the gas under study is proposed using an opto-electronic device. The main automated functions, i.e., control of the radiation source and electric pump, measurement channels and movement of the movable gas-air chamber along with processing of digital images of interferograms are implemented in a device with the metrological characteristics corresponding to the parameters of the mine interferometer SHI-11. The algorithm for digital processing of the interference pattern (interferogram) is implemented in the MATLAB package. The result of using the developed algorithm for measuring methane concentration showed the effectiveness and required accuracy of the procedure. Automation of carbon dioxide measurements provided for the appropriate calibration of the scale by loading the calibration coefficients into the memory of the microcontroller. The results obtained can be used to automate the determination of the gas concentration in air at the enterprises of oil and gas, chemical and mining industries.
The effect of conditions of directional crystallization on the structure of cast blades made of nickel superalloys
Authors: Visik E. M. , Filonova E.  V. , Echin A. B. , Chabina E. B.
Published: May 2022

The characteristics of gas turbine engines depend on the structural state of the material of the turbine blades and are largely determined by the technology of their manufacture. Identification of the specific defects of casting is an important goal aimed at improving the quality of blade castings since the castings of turbine blades with a monocrystalline structure made of high-alloyed nickel superalloys (NS) are subject to increased requirements for macro- and microstructure. We present the results of studying the effect of directional crystallization parameters on the morphology of the dendritic structure of NS and their tendency to form casting defects of the single-crystal structure. The structure of alloys in single-crystal blade castings and the effect of technological parameters on the dispersion of the structural components of NS were analyzed upon casting of turbine blades with <001> axial orientation on installations with liquid-metal cooling. It is shown that the parameters of the dendritic cells of castings vary in height from 220 to 330 μg and volume fraction of micropores changes from 0.02 to 0.2%. Electron probe microanalysis revealed that the phase and local elemental compositions of the alloy in the areas of the blade tip and isolated grains are identical. The appearance of isolated grains that violate the monocrystalline structure of castings is observed when the rate of NS cooling decreases. To increase the temperature gradient and reduce the probability of formation of extraneous crystals in castings ahead of the crystallization front, optimized temperature-speed modes of casting and directional crystallization are proposed. The obtained results can be used in the development of temperature-velocity parameters of the process of directional crystallization of blades of promising turbines made of new superalloys.
A probabilistic approach to the description of the crack kinetics and fatigue failure of structural components with allowance for the effect of crack retardation after overloads
Authors: Makhutov N. A. , Matvienko Y. G. , Reznikov D. O.
Published: May 2022

A probabilistic approach to assessing fatigue strength and cyclic life based on Wheeler’s model is presented. The approach provides the possibility of estimating the probability of failure of the structural component under consideration, with allowance for the effect of crack retardation after the overload. The initial crack size, the parameters of the Paris equation, and the exponent of the crack retardation power function are assumed random parameters. The kinetics of a fatigue crack is described by cycle-by-cycle integration of the Paris equation written in finite differences. The probabilistic estimate is performed using the Monte Carlo statistical simulation method by repeatedly solving the Cauchy problem for various combinations of the values of random model parameters that are generated under the adopted laws of the probability distributions of those parameters. The probabilistic distributions of random parameters are selected proceeding from the level of the uncertainty of the problem using available statistical data without taking into accounting for data on the actual state of a particular structural component in real operation conditions. A computer code in Matlab environment has been developed for statistical description of the fatigue crack growth in structural components which allows accounting for the effect of crack retardation. An example of assessing the probability of the fatigue failure of a pipeline component with a longitudinal crack on the inner surface loaded by the internal pressure which varies according to a periodic law with a constant amplitude is presented for single tensile overload of the pipeline component. The dependencies of the fatigue failure probability on the number of loading cycles for various combinations of model parameters were obtained. The sensitivity of the fatigue failure probability under a given number of loading cycles to changes of the values of structural parameters was assessed.
The use of smartphone and chemometric analysis for determination of tetracyclines in natural water by sensitized solid phase fluorescence of Eu on europium hydroxide
Authors: Amelin V. G. , Shogah Zen Alabden Ch. , Bolshakov D. S. , Tretyakov A. V.
Published: May 2022

The possibility of identification and determination of tetracycline antibiotics (tetracycline, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, demeclocycline, metacycline and chlortetracycline) in natural water using digital colorimetry based on sensitized fluorescence of Eu (III) on europium hydroxide is studied. It is shown that complexes of Eu (III) with tetracyclines in an alkaline medium are adsorbed on europium hydroxide with preservation of their fluorescent properties. When the precipitate is irradiated with monochromatic ultraviolet light, pink fluorescence is observed. The colorimetric parameters of the precipitate in the RGB additive system after centrifugation were measured using a smartphone. The use of chemometric analysis provides shortening of the analysis procedure and visualizing of data obtained. The data set was processed using principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and k-means method with XLSTAT software. The additional use of chemometric methods for processing of the analytical signal contributes to an increase in the reliability of the analyte identification. The methods used in the study make it possible to quantify the content of antibiotics in water bodies. The calibration dependences in the methods of principal components and k-means have a logarithmic form and are linear in the ranges of the determined contents — 0.005 – 0.1 μg/ml (R2 ≥ 0.99). The developed method for determining the total content of tetracycline antibiotics in natural waters is easy to use and is characterized by the availability of instrumentation. The environmental friendliness of this approach is attributed to a small set of inorganic salts required for concentration of the chelate complexes of tetracyclines with Eu (III) ions on europium hydroxide. The use of mobile digital technology (smartphones) and modern software products for data processing contributes to the development of rapid analysis. The approbation of the method was carried out using a sample of river water, the correctness of the analysis was proved by the spike test. The relative error of the analysis results does not exceed 15%.
Stress-strain response properties of the KhN55MVTs nickel alloy under uniaxial compression and their mathematical modeling
Authors: Samoilov S. P.
Published: May 2022

The rheology of the KhN55MVTs alloy has been studied at finite quasi-static strains and at operational and elevated temperatures to develop methods for calculating the emergency conditions of heat-stressed equipment. Some basic features of the stress-strain response of the alloy and the physical mechanisms responsible for them were revealed. Constitutive models are proposed to describe the most significant and crucial effects in assessing the structural integrity. The rheological properties of the alloy were studied under isothermal uniaxial compression within a temperature range of 24 – 1150°C with log-strains up to 1.0 and deformation rate of 0.001 – 0.125 sec–1. The main deformation mechanisms have been revealed via optical microscopy. A constitutive model predicting the shape of stress-strain curves (a modification of the Bergström dislocation-based model of rigid-plasticity) is proposed which make it possible to obtain the rate and temperature dependencies of the mechanical properties. The dependence of maxima (peak values) of stresses on the deformation rate and temperature exhibits a non-monotonic character, while the yield stresses are weakly rate-dependent, and the linear slope is almost rate and temperature independent. The microstructure tests revealed the absence of a correlation between the softening stage and the onset of dynamic recrystallization process. No microcracks were found. Serrated flow and acoustic emission were observed within a temperature interval of 24 – 900°C probably attributed to dynamic aging (above 500°C), deformation twinning, and autowave effects during localization of the plastic strain. The proposed models of rheological effects differ from the existing dislocation models in a wider range of application — in terms of strain rates (10–8 – 1,0 sec–1) and temperatures (0 – 80% of the melting point). The rheological effects revealed in the experiments, analysis of their physical nature and constitutive description can be used in assessing failures of heat-stressed equipment and improving the methods for calculating emergency situations.
Physico-mechanical characteristics and multiscale stochastic modeling of cement mortar reinforced with oil palm mesocarp fibers
Authors: Bisong M. S. , Lepov V. V. , Landrine T.
Published: May 2022

Over the years, housing has always been one of the basic human needs. Stones, clay, wood and cement are common construction materials. Currently, cement structures are highly solicited both in our country and all over the world. However, cement structures suffer from stress-induced cracks attributed to overloading. The study was carried out to find out the possibility of minimizing the crack formation and increasing the stability of cement structures to fracture. The goal of the study is to characterize the physical and mechanical properties of the cement mortar reinforced with oil palm mesocarp fibers (OPMF) to increase the crack resistance of the structures built with cement mortar, as well as to simulate nucleation and growth of cracks up to the fracture. Composition of the prepared samples differed in the content of OPMF: 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, and 1.5 of sand weight. Analysis of the physical and mechanical characteristics of the samples carried out after 7, 28 and 45 days revealed that the rate of water absorption increases in proportion to the increase in fiber content and ranges from 2.4 to 11.6. The three-point bending test was used to determine the flexural strength and Young’s modulus (YM) upon bending. The flexural strength and YM increase as the fiber content of the sample increases from 0 to 0.25 and then decrease. The maximum values of the flexural strength (5.475_MPa) and YM (283.633_MPa) in bending were obtained after 45 days on a sample containing 0.25_% fibers. The compression test was used to determine the compressive strength and YM under compression. The compressive strength and YM decrease with increasing fiber content in the samples. The maximum values of the compressive strength (23.18_MPa) and YM (310.044_MPa) were obtained for the sample containing 0 of fibers. Analysis of the destruction of organic fiber cement samples revealed that the crack propagation occurs by the mechanism of coalescence of micropores. Stochastic modeling carried out for different fiber content showed that the crack growth rate also increases in proportion to the increase in the fiber content. Thus, the main cause of fracture in compressive and bending tests is the viscous growth of the pores and ductile-brittle crack growth through the cement grains.
Hospital pharmacists’ satisfaction with antimicrobial resistance management in Thailand
Authors: Khunjan Saranya , Pumtong Somying , Anuratpanich Luerat
Published: May 2022

Since 2017, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) management has been one of the key performance indicators (KPIs) of tertiary hospitals in Thailand. Pharmacists are an integral part of a multidisciplinary team combating AMR in hospitals. There has been no previous research on Thai pharmacists’ satisfaction with AMR management. This study aimed to investigate hospital pharmacists’ opinions, attitudes, and job satisfaction regarding AMR management as well as the relationships between variables. A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Self-administered questionnaires were posted to both public and private hospitals (n=1,298) across Thailand. Between April and July of 2021, data was collected. Descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U test, and Kruskal Wallis test were used for analysis. A total of 249 pharmacists who were actively involved in AMR management in their hospitals completed questionnaires. The response rate was 19.2%. The respondents’ average age was 37.20±8.2 years. Most of the pharmacists (77.5%) were female. The average number of years spent as a hospital pharmacist was 12.3±8.2. Approximately 63% believed it was worthwhile to work in AMR management and they liked their current job. Secondary hospital pharmacists had more favorable attitudes than tertiary hospital pharmacists. In terms of job satisfaction, pharmacists in secondary hospitals reported higher level of satisfaction with their salary than pharmacists in the tertiary hospitals (p=0.000). Regarding gender, work competency and career path were found to be statistically significant (p < .05). Males expressed greater satisfaction with work competency than females, whereas females expressed greater satisfaction with their career path. Pharmacists' opinions, attitudes, and job satisfaction with AMR management were significantly positively associated. It can be stated that the hospital pharmacists were optimistic about AMR management. While the majority of them expressed satisfaction with their jobs, improving some factors such as job-related skills and career path is necessary to retain health care professionals in hospitals.
Deep Rock Foundations of Skyscrapers
Authors: Sousa L. Ribeiro , Chapman David , Miranda Tiago
Published: May 2022

In the case of skyscrapers, the suitable bearing surfaces occur at considerable depth in rock formations, and when it is uneconomical to excavate the overlying weak material, socketed shafts are required for the foundations. In selecting a suitable foundation system, several factors must be taken into consideration. In this article problems associated to deep building foundations in rock formations are explained, as well as the actual evolution of skyscrapers. Geomechanical characterization in terms of deformability and strength of rock masses is analyzed in detail. The design processes of rock-socketed shafts are briefly explained and the foundations of some important buildings in New York and Chicago are presented with the available geotechnical information. Some conclusions on deep rock foundations of skyscrapers are presented.
Theoretical and Experimental Evaluation of the Influence of the Length of Drill Rods in the SPT-T Test
Authors: Peixoto Anna S. , Neto Luttgardes O.
Published: May 2022

The influence of soil drill rod length on the N value in the SPT-T test has been studied extensively by Mello (1971), Schmertmann & Palacios (1979), Odebrecht et al. (2002) and Cavalcante (2002). This paper presents an analysis of the Standard Penetration Test supplemented with torque measurement (SPT-T). A theoretical study of the resistance of the rod material to torsion and bending indicated that the shear stress caused by the rod self-weight represents less than 1% of that caused by the torsional moment. An experimental study with electric torquemeters attached to a horizontal rod system, as well as two field tests in the vertical direction, were also carried out to compare and substantiate the results. The purpose of these tests was to analyze changes along the length of the rod in response to successive increments at 1-meter intervals. Torque measurements were taken at each increment of the length to ascertain the accuracy of the theoretical data. The difference between the applied torque and the measured torque at the end of rod system was lower than the minimum scale of mechanical torquemeters used in practice.
Influence of Geogrid Geometrical and Mechanical Properties on the Performance of Reinforced Veneers
Authors: Palmeira Ennio M.
Published: May 2022

Some types of geosynthetics have been traditionally used as reinforcement in several types of geotechnical projects. They can also be used as reinforcement to increase the stability of cover soils in slopes of waste disposal areas. This paper investigates the influence of some geometrical and mechanical properties of geogrids on the stability of cover soils using a large scale ramp test. Tests were performed with a sand and different combinations of geosynthetics, involving the use of geogrids, a nonwoven geotextile and rough and smooth geomembranes. The elevation of the geogrid in the cover soil was varied in the test programme. The results obtained show a marked influence of the presence of geogrid reinforcement in the cover soil on the stability of the system and on the reduction of tensile forces mobilised in the geomembrane during the test in tests with smooth or rough geomembranes. The beneficial effect of the presence of the geogrid in the cover soil was a function of its geometrical and mechanical properties.
Assessment of Long-Term Settlement Prediction Models for Municipal Solid Wastes Disposed in an Experimental Landfill
Authors: Simões Gustavo F.
Published: May 2022

Settlement evaluation in sanitary landfills is a complex process, due to the waste heterogeneity, time-varying properties and influencing factors and mechanisms, such as mechanical compression due to the load application and creep, and physical-chemical and biological processes caused by the wastes decomposition. Many empirical models of analysis and long-term settlement prediction are reported in the literature, which require the application to real case studies in order to be validated. In this paper, four models of long-term settlement prediction (Rheological, Hyperbolic, Composite and Meruelo models) reported in the literature were applied to assess the mechanical behavior of an experimental landfill, composed of 6 different cells of municipal solid waste. Concerning the long-term settlement prediction, the results enabled a critical evaluation of the models, pointing out some advantages and limitations. During the monitoring period of 3 years, significant vertical strains were observed (of up to 22%) in relation to the initial height of the experimental landfill, which can be considered high and is due to fresh wastes with high organic content disposed. The results also suggest that the operational procedures influenced the settlements in the experimental landfill. The long-term settlement prediction indicated a final strain range from 22% to 42%, with respect to initial waste height and the composite model presented better comparisons between field measurements and predictions.
Hydraulic Conductivity and Shear Strength Behavior of Compacted Lateritic Soil-Bentonite Mixtures Used for Sanitary Landfill Liners
Authors: Lukiantchuki Juliana A. , Esquivel Edmundo R.
Published: May 2022

The use of soil-bentonite mixtures for sanitary landfill liners with the purpose of retaining pollutants is becoming very common. This work shows the results of hydraulic conductivity and shear strength tests performed with soil-bentonite mixtures with bentonite contents of 3%, 5% and 7%. Additionally, shear strength test results carried out with a mixture with bentonite content of 9%, are shown. The selected natural soil for this research is a lateritic residual clayey sand originated from Adamantina Formation sandstones of the Bauru Group. Samples of this soil were collected in the Pindorama County, which is located in the northeast of the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. The hydraulic conductivity tests were performed with rigid and flexible wall permeameters. Test results show that mixtures with bentonite content higher than 6% are suitable, in terms of hydraulic conductivity, for the construction of sanitary landfill liners. The shear strength parameters of natural soil and mixtures were assessed by performing undrained triaxial compression tests and unconfined compression tests. It was found that there is a tendency showing that the cohesion increases when the bentonite content is increased. The addition of bentonite to natural soil causes the friction angle to decrease. However, it cannot be concluded from test results, that the higher the bentonite content, the lower the friction angle. In terms of shear strength, the unconfined compression test results have shown that mixtures with bentonite content of 5% are suitable for the construction of sanitary landfill liners when relative compaction is equal or higher than 95%.
Numerical Assessment of an Imperfect Pile Group with Defective Pile both at Initial and Reinforced Conditions
Authors: Cunha Renato P. , Cordeiro Ary F.
Published: May 2022

The assessment of problems of imperfect, damaged, pile groups is scarce in the geotechnical literature. Besides, techniques of assessing the performance of the foundation system once a defect is found are seldom presented, as well as real examples of the behavior of large scale imperfect foundations after their remediation. Therefore, this paper has extended the design philosophy of “piled raft” foundations to predict the numerical behavior of imperfect pile group foundations at pre and post-remediated conditions. Focus will be given to the problem of groups with either defective shorter length or lower stiffness piles, caused by natural or man-made sources. The remediation of the group is considered via added reinforcement piles with either similar or dissimilar characteristics (length, diameter, stiffness) compared to the original undamaged piles. Although the results are limited, they allow preliminary generalizations of the overall group behavior at working conditions, once a pile flaw is noticed and after the remediation has taken place. Among other results the paper highlights the load sharing mechanism between foundation elements, which relates to the position and magnitude of damage of the defective pile, as well as to the overall characteristics of reinforcement one. It was concluded that a defect caused by an unwanted pile length variation can be more detrimental to the foundation system than an unexpected low structural stiffness for the constructed pile. The derived factor of safety (SF) of the system (overall value) and of its distinct components (individual values) are also influenced by aforementioned variables, leading to questions on how the reinforcement can be made in such manner to obtain well optimized SFs. As noticed throughout the analyses, defective piles share its load with system components, once a defect appears. Nevertheless, even when imperfect such piles continue to absorb some load, although to a lesser degree than the original value. The reinforcement piles tend to absorb (or retain) some of the load spread by the defective ones, in a proportion which depends to its general characteristics (size, position, stiffness). Again, questions about an optimization procedure have to be made in order to wisely and economically use this particular observed feature on the remediation design.
Evolution of the Mechanical Properties of a Tropical Soil Stabilized with Lime and Ash of Rice Rind
Authors: Alcantara Marco A. , Santos Lucas P. , Lima Dario C.
Published: May 2022

The ash of rice rind is a pozzolanic material that reacts with the calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH)2) forming bonding composites, when finely worn out and in water presence. Considering this behavior, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the potential use of this residue in the enrichment of the content of pozzolanic materials of a tropical soil stabilized with a commercial hydrated lime. The laboratory testing program incorporated unconfined compression strength tests performed on the soil and on its mixtures with contents of 8% of lime enriched with 5 and 10% of ash of rice rind in relation to the soil dry mass. The results of the testing program supported that the use of the residue was effective in increasing the degree of reactivity of the soil that was also directly related with the increase in the ash content and the period of cure of the mixtures.
The use of a High-Capacity Tensiometer for Determining the Soil Water Retention Curve
Authors: Mahler Claudio F. , Izzo Ronaldo L.S.
Published: May 2022

The technical note presented by the authors is inter- esting. The use of high-capacity tensiometers has been re- ported for some time by other authors as well, such as Ridley & Burland (1993), cited in the note, and others, like Mahler et al. (2002), who presented a tensiometer made of acrylic and using another type of transducer (see Figs. 1, 2 and 3) that is much cheaper than the Entran transducers used by Ridley & Burland (1993) and the authors.
Using Teach Back Tutorials to Overcome Pandemic Learning Gaps
Authors: Sherman Steven , Larson Benjamin , A Bohler Jeffrey , Fran Smith E
Published: May 2022

Aim/Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to address the issue of gaps in students’ knowledge at the time they enter a comprehensive Information Systems cap-stone course. This problem of knowledge gaps was exacerbated by the forced remote learning and isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim was to find a technique that would identify and fill those gaps. Ideally, the method would also reinforce the students’ interpersonal soft skills.

Background: Many universities have a capstone course where students may apply their knowledge from the curriculum to a project, and they are evaluated on their retention of knowledge from the core classes. Over the past two years, students have experienced course interruptions and modifications due to the pandemic, resulting in learning gaps on topics covered in the core courses. Depending on the project’s scope and curriculum, this may prevent students from conversing on many essential concepts during the capstone course. By requiring students to create “Teach Back” tutorials on materials from their core courses, faculty may ensure that the key concepts are discussed multiple times within the curriculum.

Methodology: We present a case study to identify key concepts and compare cohort results before and after implementation.

Contribution: A process for identifying potential knowledge gaps is identified, and a method to repeatedly expose students to concepts is introduced.

Findings: There were improvements to the overall capstone scores after the tutorial implementation. While many factors influence changes in scores across cohorts, the initial findings are promising, supporting the concept that teaching back helps to close knowledge gaps.

Recommendations for Practitioners: Faculty should collaborate to identify knowledge areas that need to be rein-forced later in their students’ academic careers. Teaching back essential concepts that may not be prioritized in implementing a capstone project ensures a repeated exposure to the identified concepts.

Recommendations for Researchers: There needs to be a priority to teach students to be lifelong learners and to teach the skills needed to share their knowledge with future coworkers. There needs to be more research into a pedagogy that builds these essential soft skills within our curriculum. Finally, research into alumni feedback on course topics and pedagogy is needed.

Impact on Society: Introducing pedagogy that improves both knowledge and soft skills, this re-search looks to build individuals who will learn independently and be able to communicate with and improve others.

Future Research: There needs to be additional research to study the changes in technical knowledge before and after Teach Back, the consequences of elective sequencing, the consideration of elective versus required courses, and the use of Teach Back to capture student knowledge gained from completing diverse electives prior to the capstone course.
Soliton-like Solution on the Dynamics of Modified Peyrard-Bishop DNA Model in the Thermostat as a Bio-Fluid
Authors: Sutantyo T. E. P. , Ripai A. , Abdullah Z. , Hidayat W. , Zen Freddy P.
Published: May 2022

The Peyrard-Bishop (PB) DNA model is the most representative model to investigate DNA dynamics because the model is able to answer DNA denaturation processes even though the model has restricted review that DNA assumes without surrounding interaction. In this study, we investigate the dynamics of the modified PB DNA model by considering DNA in the Nosé-Hoover thermostat as a bio-fluid with various viscosities. Viscosity variations are reviewed through temperature variations, namely thermal viscosity. We attain the dynamical equation of DNA in the form of a nonlinear Schrödinger-like (NLS-like) equation by using the perturbation method and continuous approximation. We solve the NLS-like equations by the numerical split-step Fourier method. We obtain a soliton-like solution for the dynamics of this specific DNA model. The behavior of the soliton-like solution fluctuates as the temperature increases, representing the fluctuational openings of DNA, i.e., denaturation bubbles. In addition, that behavior also evolves with variations of the perturbation parameter. Moreover, we obtain soliton-like solutions by balancing the perturbation and the nonlinearity of the DNA system from the bio-fluid interaction. Furthermore, for the specific thermal viscosity of bio-fluid, we gain the denaturation temperature at 370 K ≤ T ≤ 380 K. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-01 Full Text: PDF
Color Preferences for Morning and Evening Chronotypes
Authors: Guzoňová Viera , Bočková Kateřina
Published: May 2022

The presented paper deals with the symbolism of colors, i.e., color associations. The aim of the paper is to verify the correlation of colors and their symbolism. The combination of color and its meaning was based on the existence of a physiological variable, namely the psychophysiological state. The diurnal preference of individuals was used for this purpose, which divided the subjects according to the chronotype into morning and evening groups. From this starting point, the color preferences of the examined people were monitored in the final phase by means of a color evaluation test. The theoretical part of the paper provides a theoretical framework and starting points for research. The research part describes in detail the research process, especially the methods used. The research itself was attended by 720 people aged 20–40 years. As research methods were used: the Composite scale of morningness, Bourdon's performance test, the Subjective scale of activation, and the Color evaluation test. The respondents had the task of associating colors with their current psychophysiological state. The established hypotheses were mostly confirmed. From a broader point of view, we have come to the conclusion that people attribute certain properties to individual colors, so there is psychic content belonging to individual colors. The colors expressing activity included yellow, orange, and red, and respondents from the group of evening chronotypes also included blue. Calm colors include blue, green, and gray. The most indifferent color was purple. The obtained results were statistically significant. There were also relatively strong correlations in the evaluation of colors due to the psychological focus of the research. Other stimuli for research were also found in the research. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-010 Full Text: PDF
Associated Patterns and Predicting Model of Life Trauma, Depression, and Suicide Using Ensemble Machine Learning
Authors: Aekwarangkoon Saifon , Thanathamathee Putthiporn
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to find associated patterns by association rule mining and propose a prediction model using ensemble learning methods of high levels of trauma items affecting depression and suicide among primary school students in Thai rural extended opportunity schools. Our proposed methods were different from others that have analysed the relationship of high life trauma leading to depression and suicide by using statistical analysis. We found strongly associated patterns and effects among primary students’ trauma, depression, and suicide. The trauma of psychological abuse and neglect may result in suicide, whereas psychological abuse, neglect, and the experience of self-harm are also likely to result in the increased severity of traumatic events in life. The trauma of physical and sexual abuse, neglect, helplessness, feeling worthless, being weak, and self-harm were associated with depression. Our research discovered new knowledge that the risk of suicide arises from two extreme types of trauma: when children’s safety is frequently threatened and the family communicates frequently using rude or abusive words; these traumas may not merely correlate with depression but may ultimately result in suicide. Moreover, this study discovered 7 highly important trauma items and 4 suicide items for predicting depression and suicide using the Random Forest technique. We found that the Random Forest technique performed well in predicting depression and suicide. The predicted depression results show that the overall accuracy was 85.84%, precision was 89.33%, and recall was 75.28%. The predicted suicide results show that the overall accuracy was 91.28%, precision was 89.05%, and recall was 84.72%. From these results, we identified high life trauma affecting depression and suicide, which are very beneficial to practitioners to use in preliminary screening. In addition, those involved need to be aware and attentive in counselling these people with these symptoms in time. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-02 Full Text: PDF
External Features-Based Approach to Date Grading and Analysis with Image Processing
Authors: Habib Shabana , Khan Ishrat , Aladhadh Suliman , Islam Muhammad , Khan Sheroz
Published: May 2022

The analysis and classification of dates is based on their external features: size, appearance, shape, and colour. The process is currently performed manually after harvesting as part of the post-harvesting process. Grading manually is tedious because it usually results in time delays, product quality risks, and it is associated with time and cost delays as well. Although the use of computers and information technology has seen tremendous growth in many small and large sectors, it has been in its infancy in the cultivation of fruit and dates. Using image processing algorithms, we can enhance human vision capabilities through analysis and make images easier to comprehend. A major objective of computer vision-based algorithms for classifying and sorting of dates is to make the procedure fully automated by minimizing the manual component involved in the process. This paper presents an image processing-based algorithm that uses machine learning techniques to extract the characteristics of colour intensity and colour homogeneity, allowing us to grade images in a more timely and automated manner. In order to obtain the results, we extracted the appearance of the date images based on an image processing algorithm. It is used as a validation element for the results that the quality of dates-fruit images can be evaluated through the prior selection process in both separate and in groups. This study has managed to achieve a rate of 95% accuracy in data classification. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-03 Full Text: PDF
Estimating Simultaneous Confidence Intervals for Multiple Contrasts of Means of Normal Distribution with Known Coefficients of Variation
Authors: Sodanin Kanyanatthanin , Niwitpong Sa-Aat , Niwitpong Suparat
Published: May 2022

This study investigated the performance of simultaneous confidence intervals (SCIs) to differentiate the means of multiple normal population distributions with known coefficients of variation (CVs). The researchers aim to find the means of several normal distributions with known coefficients of variation, SCIMOVER, SCIs, and SCIk, which are extended to k populations. The authors constructed SCIs for the difference between multiple normal means with known coefficients of variation. There are three approaches: the method of variance estimates recovery approach (MOVER), and two central limit theorem approaches (CLT). A Monte Carlo simulation was used to evaluate the performance of the coverage probabilities and expected lengths of the methods. The simulation results indicate that the MOVER approach is more desirable than the CLT approaches in terms of the coverage probability. The performance of the proposed approaches is also compared using an example with real data. Moreover, the coverage probability results for SCIMOVER were over the nominal level of 0.95, indicating that it is more stable than SCIs and SCIk and was thus more appropriate for use in this scenario. Finally, the researchers suggest using the MOVER approach for constructing the SCIs to determine the variation to achieve the best solution in related fields in the near future. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-04 Full Text: PDF
Artificial Intelligence Applications in Healthcare Sector: Ethical and Legal Challenges
Authors: Chikhaoui Emna , Alajmi Alanoud , Larabi-Marie-Sainte Souad
Published: May 2022

Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has been one of the hottest topics in the technological world. Although it is involved in many domains, it was recently involved in the healthcare sector. AI can be used for diagnostics, drug development, treatment personalization, gene editing, disease prediction, and many more. It helps to improve healthcare services by benefiting medical professionals, hospitals, and patients. Saudi Arabia has a particular interest in the healthcare sector, and it has a clear vision for the future, which points toward the development of AI-based technologies. Few studies investigated the use of AI in Saudi healthcare, and most of them focused on healthcare employees' perceptions. This study is beyond the focus of the existing works. It aims at: 1) presenting the main AI-based healthcare applications; 2) exploring the use of AI in the Saudi healthcare sector; 3) addressing their ethical and legal challenges, along with the policy questions in Saudi healthcare; 4) studying the benefits of these AI-based applications and the acceptance of professionals to use AI in daily practice; 5) introducing the new Personal Data Protection Law (PDPL) in Saudi Arabia; and 6) discussing the importance of AI to the future of Saudi healthcare. To this purpose, a survey was distributed among four main Saudi hospitals. The findings showed that AI should not only lead to better health but also save manpower and simplify the healthcare processes. The respondents agreed that AI helps reflect human intellectual competencies and pushes its limits. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-05 Full Text: PDF
Flipping the Undergraduate Classroom to Develop Student Analytical Thinking Skills
Authors: Phurikultong Nattawut , Kantathanawat Thiyaporn
Published: May 2022

In Thailand, analytical thinking skills (ATS) have been identified as an essential element in the development of a 21st-century workforce. Moreover, due to the Covid-19 pandemic and the concern for student health and safety, the Thai Ministry of Education has stated that online education will become part of the New Normal in education. Therefore, it has become imperative that the most effective methods and mechanisms be found for online teaching in Thailand. Therefore, the authors investigated which factors increase Thai student ATS by flipping the classroom environment and using digital storytelling and inquiry-based learning (IBL). Therefore, this research aims to develop and evaluate the LIFD ATS instruction model to study the proposed effects of the ATS instruction model. A mixed research methodology was employed. The mean, standard deviation, and t-test were used to analyze the data. From the qualitative review, an initial learning model was developed and subsequently examined by a panel of eight education experts. After that, 40 students became the study's experimental group for the revised model. The results showed that the results of the expert assessment of the learning environment model using a flipped classroom combined with IBL and digital storytelling to promote ATS and academic achievement had appropriateness at the highest level. The evaluation of the student results using the ATS model identified four significant results. These were: 1) Post-test after the student's use of the ATS model determined their ATS abilities were higher than before the class. 2) Student learning achievement, innovation, and ICT skills increased as an outcome of the ATS model’s use. 3) The comparison of academic achievement after study of the students who studied with the format was 83.33%, higher than the specified 80% criteria and previously established assumptions. 4) The evaluation results of the model’s effectiveness determined that the learning effectiveness index (EI) of the learners was 0.6666 and the EI of the ATS was 0.6966, which was higher than 0.50, thus meeting the specified criteria. The study contributes to the knowledge concerning student ATS and these skills’ importance to a 21st century knowledge worker. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-06 Full Text: PDF
The Impact of Conflict Management Styles on Organizational Performance: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Shabani Gezim , Behluli Arbëresha , Qerimi Fidan
Published: May 2022

Objectives: This study aims to identify the styles of conflict management in public and private enterprises in Kosovo, measure their impacts on organizational performance, and thus fill the gap that exists between the applied style and the one that has the most impact on performance. Methods: The study used the quantitative method to answer the research questions. The study participants included 100 public and 100 private sector managers. Findings: In the private sector, the most commonly used style is compromise, while the avoidance style is the least adopted. In the public sector, managers use the dominating style for conflict management while using the obliging style the least. According to the OLS model, the obligating style explains organizational performance in the private sector, while organizational performance is explained more by the compromising style in the public sector. Novelty/improvement: This research contributes to an in-depth understanding of the association of organizational performance with conflict management styles in the private and public sectors of Kosovo. It shows through a comparative approach that organizational performance improves drastically by selecting the appropriate style of conflict management. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-07 Full Text: PDF
Analysis of Information Entropies for He-Like Ions
Authors: Al-Jibbouri Hamid
Published: May 2022

The electronic structure, a special quality of an atomic or molecular system, is the major factor for further realization of physical results. However, in this paper, we present the topical issue of normalized electron density in position and momentum spaces, Shannon, Rényi, and Tsallis entropies to quantify the reach of electron delocalization for several atomic systems. Hartree-Fock-Roothaan (HFR) wave function is performed and considered for He-like ions using single-Zeta 𝛽-type orbital (βTOs) basis set to investigate the affecting of electron density and information entropies. The electron density maxima in position space are raised, and their positions move toward the nucleus as Z increases, in accordance with the increasing attractive force of the nucleus, and vice versa in momentum space. Shannon’s entropy has impacted the delocalization of the electron in different atomic systems. In the limit γ→1, both Rényi and Tsallis entropy results recover Shannon’s entropy value. Rényi and Tsallis entropies decrease by increasing γ. Indeed, the estimated results have been calculated via the Wolfram Mathematica program and have good agreement with the literature results. The obtained results may be a useful reference for future studies on theoretical information quantities. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-08 Full Text: PDF
Sustainable Bank Performance Antecedents in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era: A Conceptual Model
Authors: Subanidja Steph , Sorongan Fangky Antoneus , Legowo Mercurius Broto
Published: May 2022

The study proposes a conceptual model of sustainable bank performance antecedents in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era. This study uses a qualitative perspective. Data gathering is done using depth interviews with the Indonesian Central Bank, the Authority of Financial Services, and the National Commercial Banks Association members. Using ethnography analysis from interviews, focus group discussions, and previous studies shows that many variables affect the performance. However, the exogenous variable on performance is without precisely placing fintech and regulations as an antecedent. The study results then constructed the fintech and regulations as intervening and moderating variables for the performance, whereas the other variables were as business driver variables. The study's improvement is that fintech and regulations are the main antecedents for the performance during the pandemic. Fintech is not only an entity outside the bank but also an innovation inside the bank. Moreover, the other improvement is that the bank is not only an institution of customer trust but also an institution with a full touch of technology. Consequently, banks must adopt fintech, and cooperating with fintech entities is a wise choice. The study then proposes a conceptual model of sustainable bank performance that connects business drivers, fintech, and regulations. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-04-09 Full Text: PDF
Sürdürülebilir Tüketimde Yeniden Amaçlandırmanın Görsellerle Anlamlandırılması
Authors: AĞLARGÖZ Feyza
Published: May 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı sürdürülebilir tüketim yollarından biri olan yeniden amaçlandırmanın tüketiciler tarafından pazarlama kapsamında nasıl anlamlandırıldığını keşfetmektir. Araştırmada Zaltman Metafor Çıkarım Tekniğini (ZMET) kullanarak niteliksel bir yaklaşım izlenmiştir. Katılımcılarla görseller üzerinden ZMET aşamaları izlenerek derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Görüşmeler sonucunda analiz edilen veriler ve görseller aracılığıyla kavrama yönelik bir zihin haritası ve bir görsel kolaj elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre katılımcılar kavramın sürdürülebilirlik özelinde işlevsel yönünün farkındadır. Yaratıcı buldukları bu tüketim şekli hem ikinci bir hayat kazandırarak ürünlerin ömrünü uzatmakta hem de tekrar pazarlanabilir olma potansiyeli taşımaktadır. Yeniden amaçlandırma gücünü nostalji etkisinden ve umuttan almakta gelecek ve geçmişi bir araya getirerek yeni sürdürülebilir bir değer yaratmaktadır. Tüketicilere huzur ve güven, mutluluk ve güzellik getirmekte, tüketiciler özdeşim kurdukları bu kavramda sürdürülebilir dünya olasılığı bulmaktadır.