bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE KAJIAN PRODUKSI DAN KONSUMSI BERAS PETANI PEMILIK LAHAN DI KECAMATAN PRAYA BARAT KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH
Authors: Sulistiani Winda
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Untuk mengetahui jumlah produksi padi/beras petani pemilik lahan di Kecamatan Praya Barat. (2) Mengetahui tingkat rata-rata konsumsi beras keluarga petani pemilik lahan di Kecamatan Praya Barat. (3) Mengetahui pengaruh tingkat produksi beras terhadap konsumsi beras keluarga petani pemilik lahan di Kecamatan Praya Barat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif dengan jenis data kualitatif dan data kuantitatif. Sedangkan sumber data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Unit analisis pada penelitian ini adalah petani pemilik lahan yaitu 77 responden yang berada di tiga Desa yaitu Desa Kateng, Desa Penujak dan Desa Batujai atas pertimbangan bahwa ketiga desa tersebut memiliki jumlah petani pemilik lahan terbanyak. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis pendapatan, konversi beras, pengkelasan tingkat konsumsi serta analisis OLS regresi linier sederhana dengan bantuan aplikasi SPSS 16.0. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Jumlah Produksi padi dalam satu kali musim tanam petani pemilik lahan di Kecamatan Praya Barat adalah sebesar 169 ton Gabah Kering Panen atau 152,78 ton Gabah Kering Giling dan jumlah produksi beras adalah 95,879 ton. (2) Rata-rata konsumsi beras petani pemilik lahan di Kecamatan Praya Barat adalah 39,6 Kg/kap/4 bulan atau 118,8 Kg/kap/tahun dan dikatagorikan kedalam kelas konsumsi sedang. (3) Secara parsial tingkat produksi beras tidak signifikan atau tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi beras petani pemilik lahan di Kecamatan Praya Barat Kabupaten Lombok Tengah.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Coneccting, Organizing, Reflecting, Extending (CORE) Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Fisika Dan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis
Authors: Murniati Murniati , Ayub Syahrial , Sahidu Hairunisyah
Published: March 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Connecting, Organizing, Reflecting, Extending (CORE) terhadap pemahaman konsep fisika dan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik SMAN 1 Labuhan Haji.ÃÂ  Jenis penelitian quasi experiment dengan desain penelitian non-equivalent control group design. Populasinya seluruh peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMAN 1 Labuhan Haji Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020 yangÃÂ  berjumlah 157 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Terdapat dua sampel yang diambil yaitu peserta didik kelas XI IPA 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen yang diberikan perlakuan berupa model pembelajaran CORE dan peserta didik kelas XI IPA 4 sebagai kelas kontrol yang diberikan perlakukan pembelajaran konvensional. Jenis tes yang digunakan yaitu pilihan ganda sebanyak 15 item soal untuk pemahaman konsep dan soal essay sebanyak 5 item untuk kemampuan berpikir kritis. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji MANOVA. Hasil uji hipotesis menunjukkan signifikan 0,024 sehingga H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Kesimpulannya terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran CORE terhadap pemahaman konsep fisika dan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik SMAN 1 Labuhan Haji.
Refleksi Nilai Kearifan Lokal (Local Wisdom) dalam Pembelajaran Sains Sekolah Dasar: Literature Review
Authors: Rahmatih Aisa Nikmah , Maulyda Mohammad Archi , Syazali Muhammad
Published: March 2020

Local wisdom of Sasak society is a system of life and values of the Sasak ethnic group, since the past, has proven to give meaning if applied teguq, tuhu, bender and trasna in society. The value of local wisdom is supported by the existence of awik-awik or dynamic customary rules. Awik-awik contains contextual values according to the region of each region which is related in science learning of elementary school students. Through qualitative methods and literature reviews, the author tries to explore the reflection of the value of local wisdom in learning science. In awik-awik the characteristics of science / science are reflected in the form of products, processes and attitudes. Linking awik-awik in learning science aims to instill a sense of love for the noble values of culture and students get real learning experiences and their surroundings. This is expected to motivate teachers to implement it in the design of learning in schools
P5 Aortic Volume Wave Velocity (VWV) in Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) Measured During the 12 Channel Routine ECG by Impedance Plethysmography Relates Negatively to Appendicular Muscle Mass (AppMM)
Authors: Skrabal Falko , Boyer Johannes , Ehsas Hasib , Skrabal Katharina
Published: March 2020

Introduction

Pulse wave velocity or (or VWV) may relate to muscle mass and body fat. We have included measurements for the above in the routine 12 channel ECG.

Methods

A 12 channel ECG supplies impedance plethysmographic measurements at the four extremities at 40 kHz [1]. From these VWW was derived in analogy to carotid femoral PWV. Impedance measurements at 5, 40 and 400 kHz in six body segments are also provided [2]. From these AppMM and body fat were measured in 123 participants without diabetes and CHF and in 72 patients with CHF (NYHA class 2 to 4).

Results

In multiple backward stepwise regression analysis VWV was related positively to age, standardized systolic blood pressure [3] and negatively to AppMM index (total r = 0.83, p < 0.001) but not to body fat.

Discussion

The relation between VWV and the degree of sarcopenia in CHF reveals the importance of muscularity for aortic health.
P12 Proliferation and Procoagulant Activity of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Thoracic and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Authors: Didelot Melusine , Lagrange Jeremy , Michel Jean-Baptiste , Lacolley Patrick , Regnault Veronique
Published: March 2020

In contrast to abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), aneurysms of the thoracic ascending aorta (TAA) are not associated with a mural thrombus. Mechanistic understanding of the involvement of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in thrombus formation is lacking. We aim to determine (i) whether thrombin generation at the surface of VSMCs is increased in AAA, (ii) the contribution of the avb3 integrin as a receptor for prothrombin, (iii) the implication of protease activated receptor (PAR) activation in the thrombin generation, and (iv) the capacity of thrombin to induce VSMC proliferation. Primary cultures of VSMCs were prepared from human biopsies of TAA, AAA and healthy aorta (n = 11/group). In the presence of prothrombin deficient plasma, similar low levels of thrombin were formed on the 3 types of VSMCs. In the presence of healthy plasma, thrombin generation was higher on VSMCs from AAA and lower on VSMCs from TAA compared with controls. Incubation of VSMCs with a RGT peptide inhibiting the b3 signaling reduced the amount of thrombin in the 3 groups. Incubation of healthy VSMCs with a selective PAR-1 antagonist decreased thrombin generation. This inhibition was more pronounced for AAA (36%) than from TAA (17%). VSMCs from AAA were more sensitive to thrombin-induced proliferation than VSMCs from TAA. The prothrombotic phenotype and proliferation of VSMCs from AAA compared to TAA is mediated partly by PAR-1. This argues for a contribution of VSMC in the occurrence of thrombotic events in AAA. Thus, inhibition of PAR signaling represents a new target in this complex disease.
P27 Non-validated Blood Pressure Devices Dominate the Online Marketplace: An Initiative of the Lancet Commission on Hypertension Group
Authors: Picone Dean , Deshpande Rewati , Schultz Martin , Fonseca Ricardo , Campbell Norm , Delles Christian , Hecht-Olsen Michael , Schutte Aletta , Stergiou George , Angell Sonia , Padwal Raj , Sharman James
Published: March 2020

Introduction

Home BP monitoring is recommended to guide clinical decisions on hypertension and is used worldwide. People make their own decisions when purchasing BP measurement devices, which are often made online. One potential barrier to accurate home BP monitoring is that patients may purchase an unvalidated device (one that has not been proven accurate according to an internationally sanctioned protocol). This study aimed to evaluate the number, type, percentage validated and cost of home BP devices available online.

Methods

A systematic search of online businesses selling BP devices that may be used for home BP monitoring was conducted. Multinational companies make international deliveries, so searches were restricted to BP devices available for one nation (Australia) as an example of device availability through the globally connected online marketplace. Validation status of BP devices was determined according to established protocols.

Results

59 online businesses, selling 972 unique BP devices were identified. These included 278 upper-arm cuff devices (18.3% validated), 162 wrist-cuff devices (8.0% validated) and 532 wrist-band wearables (0% validated). Most BP devices (92.4%) were stocked by international ‘e-commerce’ businesses (e.g. eBay, Amazon), but only 5.5% of these were validated. Validated cuff BP devices were more expensive than non-validated devices: median (interquartile range) of 101.14 (75.00 to 151.50; versus 67.37 (30.40 to 112.83) AUD, p < 0.0001.

Conclusion

Non-validated BP devices dominate the online marketplace and are sold at lower cost than validated devices. The widespread use of non-validated BP devices is a barrier to accurate home BP monitoring and must be urgently addressed.
P28 A Commonly Used Single-item Physical Activity Question Fails to Discriminate Expected Blood Pressure-related Cardiovascular Risk in a General Community Sample
Authors: Schultz Martin , Picone Dean , Fonseca Ricardo , Sharman James
Published: March 2020

Background

Completion of ≥150 minutes/week of physical activity (PA) is recommended for cardiovascular health, but this is achieved only by ~50% of Australian adults. Assessing self-reported PA via quick single-item question is desirable for largescale cardiovascular research and health screening. We aimed to determine if a commonly used PA question elicits the expected discrimination of blood pressure (BP) related cardiovascular risk in a community population.

Methods

958 individuals (aged 47 ± 15 years; 54% female) participated in a community BP screening campaign. BP was measured in triplicate using a validated oscillometric device and cardiovascular risk factors assessed by self-report. Adherence to PA guidelines was assessed via a single binary ‘yes/no’ question as to whether individuals met the guideline of ≥150 minutes of PA/week.

Results

A higher than expected proportion of participants (68% females, 74% males) reported meeting PA guidelines. There was no difference in SBP or DBP (127 ± 15 vs. 128 ± 15 mmHg, p = 0.144; 80 ± 11 vs 81 ± 11 mmHg, p = 0.232 respectively) between those reporting to meet or not meet PA guidelines. There were also no between-group differences in age, prevalence of diabetes, myocardial infarction, stroke or alcohol consumption (p > 0.05 all). Prevalence of BP ≥140/90 mmHg (26% vs 30%, p = 0.129) and antihypertensive treatment (12% vs 12%, p = 0.801) was similar between groups.

Conclusion

Assessment of PA via a commonly used research question did not elicit expected prevalence or discrimination of BP-related cardiovascular risk in this community sample. Further work is required to assess the usefulness of single item self-report PA questions for use in cardiovascular research and health screening.
P30 Interplay of Genetic and Environmental Factors Determining Carotid and Femoral Intima-media Thickness and Plaques
Authors: Tarnoki Adam Domonkos , Debreceni Rebeka , Janositz Greta , Gyulay Kata , Zsofia Jokkel , Berczi Viktor , Szabo Helga , Hernyes Anita , Tarnoki David Laszlo
Published: March 2020

Introduction

Intima-media thickness (IMT) of carotid and femoral artery and plaque formation are both markers of subclinical cardiovascular risk, despite these two process are not simultaneous. Our aim was to investigate their genetic and environmental background.

Methods

54 monozygotic (MZ) and 32 dizygotic (DZ) healthy, adult (mean age: 54.3 ± 13.8 years) Hungarian twins underwent B-mode ultrasound of bilateral common (CCA), internal carotid (ICA) and common femoral arteries (CFA) with automatic IMT measurement and plaque analysis (Samsung Prestige RS80).

Results

In our healthy sample, most of the plaques were located on the carotid arteries (68%), while the prevalence was 33% on the femoral arteries. The mean IMT of CCA and CFA was significantly increased in the presence of plaques (p < 0.05), while IMT of ICA was not affected by the presence of plaques. Increased IMT was in a close relation with the presence of femoral plaques. However, there was no significant correlation between IMT and the number or volume of plaques. Segment-specific heritability of IMT changed between 0.20 and 0.93. The prevalence of soft plaques was the highest (59%) on carotid arteries, while the majority of plaques (42%) was mixed on the femoral arteries. Increased values of IMT were in correlation with the presence of calcified and mixed carotid, and calcified femoral plaques (p < 0.05), while there was no correlation with the occurrence of soft plaques.

Conclusion

Intima-media thickening and plaque formation has a different background, depending on the individual genetic predisposition. In addition, treatment efficacy of increased IMT may vary segment-specifically.
P45 Comparison of Systemic and Regional Vascular Parameters Using New Ultrasound Techniques: Are they Clinically Useful?
Authors: Forcada Pedro , Sangiovanni Miguel , Pampinella Wanda , Montaña Oscar
Published: March 2020

Background

US is a simple, reproducible and economic technique for vascular evaluation. New technologies using radiofrequency and multidimensional Doppler plus computer development allow to evaluate parameters like shear stress, Flow profile and vascular remodeling no invasively.

Objective

To compare the “regional” carotid evaluation with the accepted parameters of vascular disease like remodeling, arterial stiffness and endothelial function in hypertensive patients.

Methods

We evaluated 43 consecutive patients (18 healthy referent, 12 controlled HTN y 6 non controlled HTN) derived for NIVE (IMT, Plaques, PWV c-f and Endothelial Function) (“systemic parameters”) and using a new US machine Resona 7® with radiofrequency and multidimensional Doppler (VFlow) we obtained “regional parameters” of the common carotid artery like remodeling, arterial stiffness, wall shear stress and hemodynamic data like instantaneous speed and flow and speed gradient. The protocol was approved by LEC.

Results

All the systemic parameters (IMT, %Plaques, PWV c-f and Endothelial Function) were significantly abnormal (p < 0.05) independently of BP control. The regional parameters and the regional hemodynamics showed an abnormal tendency without statistical significance. Correlation, regression and concordance tests showed that these parameters are concordant but not interchangeable.

Conclusion

The systemic and regional parameters where altered in hypertensive patients indicating the presence of associated vascular disease, independently of BP control. However, they were not interchangeable. These findings are limited due to the sample size and heterogeneity to yield a clinical application. Maybe, this pattern of regional vascular abnormalities, clearly different in hypertensives, could open a new field of investigation of vascular disease in hypertension.
P64 Carotid Artery Tracking with Automated Wall Position Resets Yields Robust Distension Waveforms in Long-term Ultrasonic Recordings
Authors: Beutel Fabian , Valle Laura Mansilla , Hoof Chris Van , Hermeling Evelien
Published: March 2020

Background

Carotid artery tracking has high clinical relevance for the investigation of arterial stiffness indicators like Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV). However, current tracking systems are unreliable and/or not fully automated [1,2]. In this work we propose a novel wall tracking algorithm for long-term ultrasonic recordings, featuring automated beat-to-beat end-diastolic wall position resets.

Methods

Carotid artery ultrasound (Vantage64, Verasonics, USA) and simultaneous ECG (ECG100C, BIOPAC, USA) were acquired from 10 subjects (38 ± 10 years) in 6 repeated measurements, each involving a resting, breathing and handgrip intervention. The ECG triggers an automated algorithm, whose heuristics utilize the hypoechogenic lumen to detect the end-diastolic wall positions in the ultrasound data. Subsequently, wall motion is tracked throughout the cardiac cycle by complex cross-correlation [3]. Further processing yields carotid distension waveforms and local PWV via spatiotemporal fitting of waveform fiducials. The novel per-beat algorithm was benchmarked against a manually initialized per-intervention algorithm, while ground truth wall positions were manually annotated. Performance was assessed for temporal efficiency, spatial accuracy and feature consistency.

Results

Average results show a ~4000% higher temporal efficiency, 20% increased spatial accuracy (µ error: 0.66 to 0.53 [mm]) and 14% improved feature consistency (ơPWV: 2.2 to 1.9 [m/s]) for the per-beat algorithm. Results of exceptional cases reveal even more significant performance, e.g. 60% increased spatial accuracy (µ error: 1.57 to 0.64 [mm]) for gradual drift and 58% improved feature consistency (ơPWV: 1.9 to 0.8 [m/s]) for instant vessel loss (see Figure 1).

Conclusion

The proposed algorithm demonstrates significant temporal efficiency, spatial accuracy and feature consistency, particularly during perturbations. Such robustness is essential for long-term monitoring, making the algorithm a powerful tool in ambulatory vascular research.
P70 Effects of Different Vitamin D Status on Mechanical, Pharmacological and Histological Characteristics of Coronary Arterioles in Male Rat Model
Authors: Sziva Reka Eszter , Fontanyi Zoltan , Pal Eva , Hadjadj Leila , Monori-Kiss Anna , Horvath Eszter Maria , Benko Rita , Magyar Attila , Heinzlmann Andrea , Benyo Zoltan , Nadasy Gyorgy L. , Varbiro Szabolcs , Bányai Bálint
Published: March 2020

Objectives

The cardiovascular/CV risk is higher in males. To know better these increased risks, our aim was to investigate the effects of different vitamin D/VD status on mechanical, pharmacological and histological characteristics of coronary arterioles in male rat model.

Methods

In male Wistar-rats we induced different VD status: “Group C” got 1000 IU VD containing rat chow and VD-supplementation, “Group D-” got less, than 5 IU VD containing rat chow to model the VD deficient/VDD status. At the end of the experiment we prepared intramural, small coronary arteriole segments from the LAD. With microangiometer, we measured the inner and outer diameters, TXA2-vasoconstriction, adenosine-vasorelaxation, and the passive diameter. Histopathological examinations were taken.

Results

Inner and outer radius were significantly decreased, wall thickness and wall-thickness/lumen diameter ratio were significantly increased in group D-, while the wall-cross-sectional area and the intima-media area% were not different. Tangential wall stress and incremental elastic modulus were significantly reduced in group D-. TXA2-vasoconstriction significantly lower in group D-. In the point of adenosine-induced vasorelaxation, in group D-only the highest dose of adenosine could relax the vessels. eNOS-expression was not differ, SMA-expression was significantly decreased in group D-.

Conclusion

The characteristics of the VDD group’s coronary arterioles had changed. The results refer to development of inner eutrophic remodelling and changed wall structure. These changes can cause increased vascular resistance and diminished coronary perfusion which as a result lead to the deterioration of the heart’s blood supply. These mechanisms can contribute to the increased incidence of the CV diseases in VDD.
P73 The Relationship Between Different Measurements of Arterial Stiffness
Authors: Szabó Eszter , Gáspár Krisztina , Szabó Ildikó , Kovács Viktória , Pál Zsuzsanna , Simonyi Gábor , Kolossváry Endre , Farkas Katalin
Published: March 2020

Background

Arterial stiffness is the characteristic of early vascular damage that can be measured by several methods. Sphygmocor determines the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) also measures PWV between heart and ankle, independently of blood pressure. According to results of several studies using these methods is a well-recognized predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Objectives

We compared these different methods of measuring early vascular damage in asymptomatic population with increased cardiovascular risk.

Methods

Database contained 40–95 years-old patients without cardiovascular diseases. Anamnestic and clinical data were collected, arterial stiffness was measured by Sphygmocor and CAVI. Atrial fibrillation, carotid atherosclerosis, and peripheral arterial disease were excluded.

Results

We included 100 patients (male/female–19/81; mean age–60.3 ± 10.7), 40% of patients had diabetes, 89% were obese, 70% had metabolic syndrome, 83% had hypertension and 63% had dyslipidemia. 29% of patients had abnormal (>10 m/s) PWV. CAVI above the reference value was detected 19% on the left and 23% on the right side of patients. Results of two different methods correlated significantly (p < 0.05, Pearson correlation). However, the coefficient of determination was low, 8.5%. In half of the abnormal values, both results were above the reference values.

Conclusion

Because of a few patients numbers, we can not draw far-reaching conclusions. However, we found more than 20% of asymptomatic patients with abnormal arterial stiffness. Relationship between two methods of arterial stiffness measurements was weak, which draws attention that these methods are not interchangeable. Role of these two methods in cardiovascular prognosis should be evaluated separately.
P74 Validation of Surface Distance Measurement by MRI for Pulse Wave Velocity in Children
Authors: Bárczi Adrienn , Dégi Arianna , Cseprekál Orsolya , Kis Eva , Szabó Ádám , Rudas Gábor , Reusz George S
Published: March 2020

Background

Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the gold standard measurement for arterial stiffness. Normative values exist for PWV in children using the subtracted method (LSM) for the estimation of the distance, however no imaging validation studies in the growing pediatric population. The formula of 0.8 × surface distance (L0.8) based on MRI validation is only used in adults. Our aim was to compare the different techniques of surface measurement and distances determined by MRI in pediatric subjects.

Methods

21 patients were included (3.2–17.8 years) in the study. Pulse wave travel distance was assessed by surface tape measurements. Carotid-femoral path length was also measured by MRI. To calculate the reference distance (LREF) for the real aortic path length, centerpoints were placed manually in each slice and a centerline was reconstructed. Bland-Altman plots (BA) were used to assess the difference between the distances measured on surface or intraarterial.

Results

There was a high correlation (r > 0.86, p < 0.001) between surface and MRI distance measurements. According to L0.8 and LREF values the average difference was 35.9 cm and BA plots showed significant difference. The difference between LSM and LREF was 2 cm and in the BA analysis LSM and LREF were in good accordance. There was a proportional error in the BA plots in patients over 13 years.

Conclusion

In our study group the path length assessed by the subtracted method showed excellent correlation with intra-arterial MRI measurements. The small number of cases does not allow to conclude the difference in postpubertal patients, which needs further evaluation.
P76 Carotid Artery Disease in Patients with Newly Diagnosed, Untreated Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Nádró Bíborka , Kovács Beáta , Diószegi Ágnes , Juhász Lilla , Páll Dénes , Paragh György , Harangi Mariann
Published: March 2020

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients are characterized by markedly elevated LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration, positive family history of hypercholesterolemia and premature vascular complications including carotid artery disease (CAAD). Carotid plaques are associated with atherosclerosis of coronary arteries and might be considered as a useful prognostic marker in coronary events. Sixty-six newly diagnosed, untreated patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (21 males, 45 females, mean age: 54.2 ± 13 years) were enrolled. Serum lipid parameters were measured and documentations on previous carotid artery ultrasound examinations were evaluated. FH was diagnosed using Dutch Lipid Network Criteria. Mean total cholesterol level was 8.19 ± 1.7 mmol/L, mean LDL-C level was 5.94 ± 1.6 mmol/L, while mean HDL-C was 1.65 ± 0.5 mmol/L in FH patients. Median of lipoprotein (a) was 118 mg/dL. Documentation on carotid artery ultrasound examination was available in 25 cases (41.7%). Among them, significant stenosis was found in 11 cases (44%), while intimal sclerosis was described in 9 patients (36%). Altogether, carotid artery atherosclerosis was documented in 20 cases (80%), while the ultrasound findings were negative in 5 cases (20%). Based on these results, carotid artery ultrasound examination is not a commonly used screening method in severe hypercholesterolemic patients, unfortunately. When it was performed, CAAD was found in most of our FH patients. Therefore, carotid artery ultrasound should be indicated in all patients with severe hypercholesterolemia. Screening for CAAD in this population could help in risk stratification and treatment. This research was supported by a grant from the National Research, Development and Innovation (NFKI) (OTKA 115723) and by the GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00062 project.
P85 Acute Systemic Inflammation Reduces both Carotid and Aortic Wave Reflection in Young Healthy Adults
Authors: Schroeder Elizabeth , Lefferts Wesley , Hilgenkamp Thessa , Fernhall Bo
Published: March 2020

Acute inflammation increases the risk of cardiac and cerebrovascular events, potentially associated with altered hemodynamic load. Wave reflection at the aorta and carotid artery can contribute to central hemodynamic load and provide insight into downstream changes in vascular tone. Acute inflammation may reduce wave reflection via downstream vasodilation, however, this is not firmly established and has only been investigated at the aorta.

Purpose

Explore the effect of acute inflammation on aortic and carotid hemodynamics and wave reflection.

Methods

Twenty-three young adults (26 ± 4 yrs, 22.7 ± 3.2 kg/m2) underwent vascular measures at baseline and 24 h following typhoid vaccine-induced inflammation. Aortic (estimated from radial) and carotid pressure waveforms were obtained via tonometry. Augmentation index and wave separation analyses (WSA) were used to assess wave reflection. Aortic stiffness was estimated from single-point pulse wave velocity (PWV). Carotid beta-stiffness and arterial diameters were assessed via ultrasound.

Results

Acute inflammation reduced aortic and carotid wave reflection at 24 h (See Table 1 AIx, Reflection index, p < 0.05). WSA did not reveal independent changes in forward or reflected wave magnitude, time to reflection, PWV, or beta-stiffness (p > 0.05). Brachial and carotid artery diameter increased from 3.79 ± 0.76 to 3.86 ± 0.76 mm (p = 0.055) and 6.44 ± 0.72 to 6.55 ± 0.69 mm (p = 0.04), respectively.

Conclusion

Acute inflammation reduces aortic and carotid wave reflection in young adults, potentially due to downstream vasodilation. Although reduced wave reflection can decrease cardiac workload, reduced wave reflection in the carotid may render the brain vulnerable to pulsatile blood flow. These findings may implicate changes in wave reflections are a contributing mechanism behind acute inflammation-induced cerebrovascular risk.

Table 1

Aortic
Carotid

n
Baseline
24-h
p-value
Baseline
24-h
p-value

SBP, mmHg
23
104 ± 10
104 ± 8
0.88
107 ± 11
107 ± 10
0.98

DBP, mmHg
23
72 ± 8
71 ± 7
0.23
71 ± 8
70 ± 7
0.26

MAP, mmHg
23
86 ± 9
85 ± 7
0.31
86 ± 9
85 ± 7
0.29

Pulse pressure, mmHg
23
32 ± 6
33 ± 8
0.21
36 ± 7
37 ± 8
0.39

AIx, %
23
3 ± 10
−1 ± 10
0.04
−4 ± 15
−9 ± 16
0.04

AIx@75, %
23
−6 ± 12
−9 ± 12
0.048
−13 ± 15
−18 ± 15
0.09

Augmented pressure, mmHg
23
1 ± 3
0 ± 3
0.05
−2 ± 6
−4 ± 7
0.08

Pf, mmHg
22
30 ± 7
31 ± 7
0.40
34 ± 8
36 ± 12
0.07

Pb, mmHg
22
14 ± 3
13 ± 4
0.24
16 ± 3
15 ± 4
0.09

Reflection index, au
22
47 ± 8
44 ± 9
0.04
48 ± 11
43 ± 13
0.01

Time to reflection, ms
22
158 ± 16
161 ± 20
0.20
180 ± 25
185 ± 26
0.53

All data mean ± standard deviation. SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MAP, mean arterial pressure; AIx, augmentation index; Pf, forward wave magnitude; Pb, reflected wave magnitude.
P113 The Forgotten Black Box of Blood Pressure: Error in Oscillometric Mean Arterial Pressure is Associated with Cuff Measurement Inaccuracy
Authors: Picone Dean , Schultz Martin , Armstrong Matthew , Dwyer Nathan , Roberts-Thomson Philip , Weber Thomas , Sharman James
Published: March 2020

Background

Accurate measurement of cuff systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) is contingent on the assumption of oscillometric MAP being accurate. If MAP is inaccurate this is likely to impact the accuracy of cuff SBP and DBP, but this has never been determined and was the aim of the study.

Methods

In five independent studies, MAP was measured by five unique cuff oscillometric BP devices at the same time as invasive aortic MAP (area under the waveform) by fluid-filled or solid-state catheters among 262 patients (61 ± 11 years, 65% male) during coronary angiography. Cuff SBP and DBP were estimated by device-specific algorithms. Measurement errors were calculated as cuff — invasive aortic BP.

Results

For each BP device, MAP error was −2.6 ± 6.1, 0.76 ± 7.2, 1.4 ± 5.5, 1.5 ± 6.7 and 7.1 ± 9.2 mmHg. Corresponding SBP errors were 4.4 ± 8.7, −0.8 ± 11.2, −8.8 ± 10.4, −0.9 ± 10.5 and 1.9 ± 10.8 mmHg, whereas DBP errors were 8.8 ± 5.1, 2.0 ± 7.4, 6.7 ± 7.3, 10.3 ± 9.0 and 13.1 ± 6.4 mmHg. There was a direct relationship between errors in oscillometric MAP and SBP error in four of the five devices (B range = 0.42 to 1.04). However, MAP error was consistently related to DBP error in all devices (B range = 0.48 to 0.97). Across all devices, absolute error in MAP ≥3 mmHg corresponded to absolute error in SBP and DBP ≥5 mmHg in 56–77% and 62–88% of patients.

Conclusion

Errors in oscillometric MAP are directly related to cuff SBP and DBP inaccuracy, but the magnitude of error is device-specific. Further work is required to understand algorithms used in oscillometric devices to improve cuff BP accuracy.
P119 Carotid Stiffness is Strongly Associated with Skin Microvascular Dysfunction in Normotensives and Newly-diagnosed Hypertensives
Authors: Lazaridis Antonios , Gkaliagkousi Eugenia , Koletsos Nikolaos , Gavriilaki Eleni , Anyfanti Panagiota , Nikolaidou Barbara , Triantafyllou Areti , Dipla Konstantina , Douma Stella
Published: March 2020

Background/Objectives

Skin microcirculation represents an easily accessible window reflecting generalized microvascular dysfunction. It has been correlated with alterations in several microvascular beds, though evidence regarding its association with macrovascular damage is scarce. Carotid artery stiffening is a surrogate marker of macrovascular damage that has been significantly associated with incident stroke and cardiovascular mortality. In this study, we investigated the association between skin microcirculation and carotid stiffness in a mixed population of hypertensive and normotensive individuals.

Methods

Untreated newly-hypertensive and normotensive individuals without major cardiovascular comorbidities were included in the study. Blood pressure (BP) parameters were recorded with the Mobil-O-Graph NG (IEM, Stolberg, Germany) device. Carotid measurements were performed using a high-resolution echo-tracking system (Prosound Alpha 7, Aloka, Japan). The beta index (β) was automatically calculated and averaged for the right and left common carotid artery values. Skin microcirculation was assessed under standardized conditions using laser speckle contrast analysis (PeriCam PSI NR, Perimed, Sweden) in conjunction with post-occlusive reactive hyperemia protocol. Results are expressed as a percentage increase between baseline and peak perfusion (%).

Results

We studied 101 individuals including 70 newly diagnosed, untreated essential hypertensives aged 49.6 ± 9.4 and 31 healthy normotensive individuals. The β index demonstrated a significant negative correlation with the percentage increase between baseline and peak skin microvascular perfusion (r = −0.251, p = 0.01).

Conclusion

In a population of newly-diagnosed, untreated essential hypertensive and normotensive individuals, endothelial function of skin microcirculation is inversely associated with carotid stiffness, an emerging tool in cardiovascular risk prediction.
P120 Early Sympahovagal Imbalance Associates with Future Arrhythmic Events in Hypertensives
Authors: Terentes-Printzios Dimitrios , Vlachopoulos Charalambos , Christopoulou Georgia , Korogiannis Lampros , Xydis Panos , Gardikioti Vasiliki , Solomou Eirini , Ioakeimidis Nikolaos , Georgakopoulos Christos , Dima Ioanna , Tousoulis Dimitrios
Published: March 2020

Purpose/Background/Objectives

Cardiac autonomic dysfunction is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and arrhythmias. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of heart rate variability (HRV) in the prognosis of future arrhythmic events.

Methods

We studied 292 untreated at baseline hypertensives (mean age 53 ± 13, 153 males). Cardiac autonomic function was evaluated by analysis of short-term HRV using 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and the standard deviation of measurements. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was estimated echocardiographically. Aortic stiffness was assessed with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and aortic augmentation index corrected for heart rate (AIx@75). Patients were followed up for 13 years. The primary endpoint was a composite of atrial/ventricular tachycardias, symptomatic multiple premature ventricular contractions, second and third-degree heart blocks and pacemaker/defibrillator placement.

Results

Patients with the primary endpoint (n = 37.13%) had lower 24-h daytime HRV (9.6 beats per minute vs 11.1 beats per minute, p = 0.005), higher systolic blood pressure (168 mmHg vs 163 mmHg, p = 0.003), higher cfPWV (8.4 m/s vs 7.7 m/s, p = 0.005), higher LVMI (133 g/m2 vs 122 g/m p = 0.002) and higher AIx@75 (29.0% vs 26.3%, p = 0.043) compared to patients with no events. In Cox regression analysis, only higher HRV was associated with lower risk of arrhythmic events (Hazard ratio per 1 mmHg = 0.87, 95% Confidence intervals 0.76 to 0.995, p = 0.043) when adjusted for age, gender, cfPWV, LVMI and AIx@75.

Conclusion

Lower heart rate variability is associated with increased risk of future arrhythmic events suggesting an early sympathovagal imbalance that could lead to future events.
P128 Accuracy of Age-appropriate Transfer Functions in Modelling Central Arterial Waveform Features
Authors: Cai Tommy , Alice Meroni , Qasem Ahmad , Butlin Mark , Ayer Julian , Celermajer David , Avolio Alberto , Skilton Michael
Published: March 2020

Background

Central aortic pressure waveforms can be modelled non-invasively in adults using general transfer functions. These techniques have been applied to, but not formally validated in paediatric populations. We recently developed and validated two age-appropriate paediatric transfer functions and sought to determine their effectiveness in children and adolescents.

Methods

We recruited 97 healthy children between 2 and 20 years of age in five pre-specified age groups. Central waveforms were estimated by applying two previously developed paediatric transfer functions developed in 8 year and 14 year-old children (8TF, 14TF respectively), and a proprietary adult transfer function (aTF) (Sphygmocor CvMS, AtCor) to radial waveforms measured by tonometry [1]. Estimated central arterial parameters were measured from direct carotid tonometry.

Results

8TF estimates higher cSBP than 14TF, which estimates higher cSBP than aTF across all ages. In contrast, 8TF estimates lower cAIx than 14TF, which estimates lower cAIx than aTF across all ages (Figure 1). 8TF most accurately modelled central arterial waveform features, specifically by cAIx when comparing to carotid tonometry, in early childhood (age groups: 2–6.5 years, 0 ± 14%; 6.6–9.5 years, − 4 ± 19%; 9.6–12.5 years, −6 ± 13%), while 14TF most accurately estimated cAIx in later childhood and adolescence (12.6–15.5 years, −3 ± 11%; 15.6–20 years, 4 ± 13%).

Conclusion

Effectiveness of transfer functions for modelling central arterial waveforms in childhood appear to be age-dependent, with evidence of better accuracy when used in populations similar to that in which they were developed. These results support the use of multiple age-appropriate paediatric transfer functions over a generalized paediatric transfer function.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Guru-Guru SD Negeri 130 Palembang Dalam Menyajikan Presentasi Atraktif Melalui Pelatihan Microsoft Power Point
Authors: Salamah Irma - , Lindawati Lindawati , Asriyadi Asriyadi , Kusumanto RD
Published: March 2020

ABSTRAKPengembangan profesi guru adalah untuk menjaga dan meningkatkan kualitas guru agar semakin professional dalam melaksanakan tugasnya menggunakan media aplikasi Microsoft office power point. Ada beberapa faktor mengapa kegiatan ini diselenggarakan. Ada guru yang tidak terbiasa menggunakan teknologi sebagai media dalam pengajaran di kelas. Sekolah tidak menyediakan fasilitas yang memadai yang memungkinkan guru menciptakan media ajar mereka. Tidak adanya pembimbing dan pendampingan yang memberikan pendidikan singkat tentang bagaimana membuat media animasi untuk pengajaran di sekolah dasar. Dengan adanya pelatihan ini guru-guru SDN 130 Palembang diharapkan mampu menguasai dan memahami fitur dan fungsi yang ada pada Microsoft power point serta mampu membuat animasi untuk pembelajaran dengan menggunakan Microsoft power point.Kata kunci: animasi pembelajaran; pelatihan microsoft power point; presentasi atraktif. ABSTRACT Teacher professional development is to maintain and improve the quality of teachers to be more professional in carrying out their duties using Microsoft Office Power Point application media. There are several factors why this activity is held. There are teachers who are not used to using technology as a medium in classroom teaching. Schools do not provide adequate facilities that allow teachers to create their teaching media. The absence of mentors and mentors who provide short education about how to make animation media for teaching in elementary schools. With this training the SDN 130 Palembang teachers are expected to be able to master and understand the features and functions that exist in Microsoft power point and be able to create animations for learning using Microsoft power point.Keywords: attractif presentation; microsoft power point training; learning animation.
Los estereotipos de género y las actitudes sexistas de los estudiantes universitarios en un contexto multicultural
Authors: Madolell Orellana Rocío , Gallardo Vigil Miguel Ángel , Alemany Arrebola Inmaculada
Published: March 2020

A pesar de los avances sociales y legislativos en torno a la igualdad de género, siguen existiendo actitudes sexistas y estereotipos que no se han logrado eliminar. El género es una construcción social, y como tal, presenta unas ideas predeterminadas y etiquetas que establecen qué es lo masculino y qué es lo femenino. Si a esto le unimos el papel que la cultura juega en esta construcción social, la Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla, donde se desarrolla esta investigación, se presenta como un laboratorio de estudio en estas temáticas. A través de una investigación cuantitativa, con un diseño ex post facto de tipo correlacional, se ha analizado qué estereotipos de género y actitudes sexistas presentan los estudiantes del Campus Universitario de Melilla, dependiente de la Universidad de Granada. Los participantes han sido un total de 615 estudiantes, elegidos mediante un muestreo no probabilístico intencional. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la existencia de diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres, así como entre las dos culturas mayoritarias de la Ciudad (los de procedencia europea y los de procedencia bereber). Además, variables como la religión y la práctica religiosa influyen también en la aparición de estereotipos y actitudes sexistas. Se concluye el estudio afirmando que el perfil del sujeto con más carga de estereotipos de género y actitudes sexistas sería un hombre, de origen bereber, que profesa la religión islámica, muy practicante; en cambio, el perfil del sujeto con menos estereotipos de género y actitudes sexistas sería una mujer, de origen europeo y no creyente.
Metodologías activas en la universidad y su relación con los enfoques de enseñanza
Authors: Jiménez Hernández David , González Ortiz Juan José , Tornel Abellán María
Published: March 2020

A través de esta investigación se quiere identificar los métodos activos que son más conocidos y utilizados por el profesorado universitario, así como la influencia de los enfoques de enseñanza en el empleo de dichos métodos. Mediante un diseño ex post facto, los instrumentos empleados fueron dos cuestionarios, uno de elaboración propia y el cuestionario ATI (2004) en una muestra de 501 docentes de las tres universidades de la Región de Murcia. Como principales resultados de la investigación se puede observar que el método didáctico más conocido y utilizado sigue siendo la lección magistral, aunque otros métodos más activos como el trabajo cooperativo, estudio de casos y la resolución de problemas y ejercicios también obtuvieron medias bastante altas. En lo referente a los enfoques de enseñanza, los docentes con una mayor puntuación en el enfoque centrado en el alumnado conocen más los métodos activos propuestos y usan más el trabajo cooperativo, trabajo por proyectos, estudio de casos, ABP y contrato de aprendizaje y menos la lección magistral.
La evaluación del aprendizaje: Percepciones y prácticas del profesorado universitario
Authors: Reyes García Carmen Isabel , Díaz Megolla Alicia , Pérez Solis Rocío , Marchena Gómez Rosa , Sosa Moreno Fátima
Published: March 2020

Las universidades están obligadas a mejorar la evaluación si quieren formar para tener “éxito” en el s.XXI; no obstante, en sus aulas, las prácticas de evaluación siguen ancladas en la calificación ligada al examen. Nuestro estudio se planteó como objetivos, por un lado, analizar la percepción del profesorado de nuestra Facultad en torno a la importancia, competencia y utilización de la evaluación y, por otro, constatar si sus prácticas de evaluación están orientadas al aprendizaje. Para alcanzar estos objetivos se ha desarrollado una metodología mixta, esto es, se han utilizado tanto estrategias cuantitativas (cuestionario) como cualitativas (análisis documental y grupos de discusión) recurriendo a la complementariedad que caracteriza este tipo de métodos. Respecto a las percepciones del profesorado, hemos hallado que el profesorado percibe como importante la evaluación y se considera competente para ponerla en práctica a pesar de que piensa que no la usa suficientemente. Por otra parte, los resultados han demostrado que sus prácticas de evaluación no se orientan al aprendizaje. Defendemos la necesidad del estudio de las actitudes y de las prácticas de evaluación del profesorado contextualizadas, para el diseño de planes de formación del profesorado.
Semiosis y cosmopolitismo crítico: Un análisis transmodal de un dilema ético en comunicación transnacional entre jóvenes
Authors: Vallejo Rubinstein Claudia , Moore Emilee , Llompart Esbert Júlia , Hawkins Margaret R.
Published: March 2020

Este artículo parte de un dilema ético que surgió al usar vídeos para la comunicación transnacional en un proyecto global de educación e investigación en el cual participaban jóvenes. Analizamos datos que permiten la reconstrucción del proceso de producción y recepción de uno de los videos en particular producido por adolescentes participantes de Cataluña para un grupo de jóvenes de Uganda. Los datos incluyen el vídeo en sí y otros datos etnográficos (observación del proceso de creación y entrevistas y grupos de discusión realizados a posteriori). El vídeo fue considerado por las coordinadoras/investigadoras como potencialmente comprometedor para los jóvenes ugandeses participantes en el proyecto ya que, sin acceso a los datos etnográficos que sugieren lo contrario, se podría entender que la película cuenta una historia de homosexualidad (que, a diferencia de Cataluña, es perseguida criminalmente en Uganda). Por precaución, el vídeo fue retirado de circulación. El análisis se enmarca en torno a las cinco complejidades de las transmodalidades [referencia omitida para proceso de revisión anónima] para explorar los elementos semióticos que emergen de las representaciones audiovisuales en diversos contextos y culturas. El análisis también apunta a los argumentos morales para compartir la producción creativa de los estudiantes catalanes con los jóvenes ugandeses o para eliminarla de circulación, basándonos también, para este propósito, en la noción de cosmopolitismo crítico.
Three-Dimensional Explicit Finite Element Simulation of Piled-Raft Foundation
Authors: Ahmed Huda Hussien , Al-Zaidee Salah R.
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to validate a proposed finite element model to be adopted in predicting displacement and soil stresses of a piled-raft foundation. The proposed model adopts the solid element to simulate the raft, piles, and soil mass. An explicit integration scheme has been used to simulate nonlinear static aspects of the piled-raft foundation and to avoid the computational difficulties associated with the implicit finite element analysis.

The validation process is based on comparing the results of the proposed finite element model with those of a scaled-down experimental work achieved by other researchers. Centrifuge apparatus has been used in the experimental work to generate the required stresses to simulate the actual geostatic stress on the site. Comparing between numerical and experimental results indicate that the proposed finite element model is accurate and adequate and it can be used in future work to simulate more complicated practical problems of piled-raft foundations.

After its validation, this model was used to investigate the effectiveness of using piled with a raft foundation that subjected to eccentric loading. In this parametric study, the value of eccentricity  was taken equal to , , and . The numerical results indicated that there is a significant decrease in the bearing capacity for unpiled raft foundation compared to the piled raft foundation for the same eccentricity of the applied load.
First record of Aegagropila linnaei (Cladophoraceae, Chlorophyta) in the Udmurt Republic
Authors: Chemeris E. V. , Kapitonova O. A. , Kargapoltseva I. A.
Published: March 2020

Aegagropila linnaei (Chlorophyta, Cladophoraceae) is reported for the first time for the territory of the Udmurt Republic from Pazelinskiy Bay of Izhevsk Reservoir. The habitat description and morphological characteristics of the alga are provided. It is suggested that the species is threatened in the habitat. A. linnaei is recommended to include in the Red Data Book of the Udmurt Republic.