bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of using special applications in reading aloud in the Arabic language for second-grade students (WhatsApp as a model): فاعلية استخدام التطبيقات الذكية في تعليم القراءة الجهرية في اللغة العربية لطلبة الصف الثاني الأساسي (الواتس آب أنموذجا)
Authors: Abdalah Atta Khaleel Al-Emosh Abdalah Atta Khaleel Al-Emosh
Published: October 2021

The current study aimed at detecting the effectiveness of using the applications. The basic study depends on the gender variable, and in order to achieve the schedule of study objectives, the educational strategy was based on the application of WhatsApp, and a test in the Arabic language, and the semi-experimental study was used, The study sample consisted of (69) male and female students, who were divided into two experimental and control groups, and the study found the effectiveness of using smart applications in teaching reading aloud in the Arabic language to second-grade students, and there were differences in the effectiveness of using smart applications in teaching reading and writing skills in The Arabic language for second-grade students is attributed to the variable of gender.
Impact of student Trust, and Positive Word of Mouth, as Mediator variables, between the dimensions of the Quality of E-learning and Student Satisfaction at King Khalid University: أثر ثقة الطلاب وكلمة الفم الإيجابية كمتغيرات وسيطة بين أبعاد جودة التعلم الإلكتروني ورضا الطلاب بجامعة الملك خالد
Authors: Mohammed Alsagheer Qasem Alshaebi, Yasir Tageldin Abubaker A Mohammed Alsagheer Qasem Alshaebi, Yasir Tageldin Abubaker A
Published: October 2021

This study aims to test the overall satisfaction of the beneficiary students with the quality of e-learning service at King Khalid University in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. More specifically, this study investigates "the effect of the variables of an e-learning service quality dimensions, which include six dimensions on an overall students' satisfaction variable as a dependent variable, in addition to the two variables of student trust, and Positive Word of Mouth, which were used as mediator variables. The descriptive and analytical approach was used in this study, and a total of 729 copies of a questionnaire were obtained for the analyses which was representing the study population that consisted of all students at King Khalid University. So, this study tested the relationships between the variables, in purpose of testing the quality of measurements, as well as the study hypotheses testing. The results obtained from the analysis provided support for the theoretical model of the study, and confirmed the existence of a statistically significant impact relationship between the most variables, as well as The results showed that the positive word of mouth variable also mediates the relationship between students' trust and their overall satisfaction with the e-learning service at King Khalid University. Based on the results of the study, the theoretical and practical implications of the results of the study were discussed, in addition to providing recommendations and suggestions for future studies.
The Wonderful DMARD with Multiple Toxicities
Authors: Yashika Kaushal  , Ratibha Kausal  , Isha Sharma
Published: October 2021

Methotrexate is a type of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD). It is used to reduce activity of the immune system for people who have certain conditions. Methotrexate is a chemotherapy agent and immune system suppressant. Its use may be limited by concerns regarding its adverse reactions. The occurrence of adverse drug reactions in some cases leads to the therapy discontinuation. Although adverse drug reactions (ADR) of methotrexate generally do not pose a serious threat to the health of patients and a reduction in the dose of methotrexate leads to their elimination, in some cases severe toxicities of the drug occur unpredictably. These facts explain the need for close monitoring of the patient’s condition and the identification of potential risk factors for drug toxicity on the part of different organs and functional systems. The purpose of this review is to detail about safety and tolerability of methotrexate.
Economics: world trends and problems
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Krohicheva Galina , Izvarina Nataliya , Mezentseva Yuliya , Sidorina Tat'yana , Chzhan Minyuy , Lugantsev Anton , Lagutin Denis , Shichanin Aleksandr , Lyamin Andrey , Miroshnik Sofya , Kosyanok Anastasiya , Ponomarenko Valeriya , Tinikashvili Revaz , Al-Ani Hasan Mustafakamal Dheyab , Okhrimenko Angelica , Martirosian Artur , Tepegendjiyan Angelina , Filev Dmitriy , Gorodinskaya Irina , Evseev Ruslan , Klimov Denis , Klimina Ksenia , Shulyarenko Elena , Nikitin Sergey
Published: November 2021

The current stage of development of the world economy is characterized by such trends as the rapid development of scientific and technological progress, post-industrialization, globalization, transnationalization, regionalization and the development of integration processes in the world economy. The process of globalization has led not only to the unification of the economic space, when uniform standards for financial reporting, the activities of financial organizations, tax policy, but also technology, ecology, law, employment policy, education and culture appeared. In addition to the positive trends caused by these objective processes, certain problems have arisen. This monograph is a collective work of teachers and students of the Department of Economic Security, Accounting and Law of the Don State Technical University. It is devoted to the consideration of certain world and Russian trends and problems in the field of economics.
Plant Succession, Ecological Restoration and the Skinks of Stephens Island / Takapourewa
Authors:   , Stephens Cielle
Published: October 2021

Ecological restoration often involves revegetation. I have investigated the impact of revegetation on the distribution, abundance and body condition of skinks on Stephens Island (Takapourewa). I tested the prediction that only one, Oligosoma infrapunctatum, of the four skink species (Oligosoma lineoocellatum, O. nigriplantare polychroma, O. infrapunctatum andO. zelandicum) will benefit in terms of abundance and distribution from revegetation. Stephens Island is a Wildlife Sanctuary in the north-western Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand. The island is known for its diverse and abundant reptile community. Prior to the mid 19th century Stephens Island was covered in forest. Nearly 80% of this forest was destroyed following the establishment of a lighthouse and farm on the island in 1894. In 1989, when the control of Stephens Island passed to the Department of Conservation, reforestation became a key conservation goal. Stephens Island is currently a mosaic of different habitat types from pasture to coastal forest. Pitfall traps caught skinks for a mark-recapture study in four replicated habitat types: forest, tussock, pasture and replanted.

Oligosoma lineoocellatum comprised 75% of all individuals caught. Densities of O. lineoocellatum were higher in replanted habitat (3020/ha in December and 3770/ha in March) than tussock (2690/ha in December and 2560/ha in March) and lowest in the pasture (1740/hain December and 1960/ha in March). Rates of captures were too low to perform density estimates for the other three species. Trap occupancy rates indicate O. nigriplantare polychroma is more common in the tussock habitat, and O. infrapunctatum is more common in the replanted habitat. Few O. zelandicum were found, primarily in the tussock habitat. Pasture areas replanted 13 years ago (now scrub habitat) support a higher diversity and abundance of skinks. Forest areas remain depauperate of skinks. Skink preference for replanted areas suggests that, for now, revegetation benefits their populations, possibly due to greater food sources, lower predation pressure and a wider thermal range.

Body condition (log weight/ log snout-vent length) and proportion of tail loss of skinks were similar in the different habitat types. However, both O. nigriplantare polychroma and O.lineoocellatum had higher body condition in the replanted than the tussock habitat. Juvenile skinks had significantly lower body condition and a lower proportion of tail loss. Skink body condition was not negatively affected by revegetation or by different habitats, despite the large differences between the habitats. Revegetation currently benefits skink populations. Maintaining a mosaic of habitat types is recommended, because, should revegetation create more forest habitat through plantations or plant succession, it is likely that the population of all four species of skink will decline.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RECOGNITION OF ANTIBODIES TO ANTIGENS OF MICROORGANISMS IN WOMEN WITH INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE GENITAL
Authors:   Bukhara State medical university of Uzbekistan, Ismoilova M.Z. , Tuksanova D.I.
Published: October 2021

This article intends to study and determine the diagnostic value of determining the titers of antibodies to antigens of certain etiological agents of inflammatory diseases of the genitalia in womenof childbearing age. The Subject and methods are to achieve the goal, 304 women of reproductive age with inflammatory diseases of the genitals were studied.ELISA settings were performed using diagnostic test systems for determining serum antibodies to antigens Chlamydia spp, Toxoplasma gondi, Mycoplasma spp, Cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex vi ruses type 1 and 2 -HSV 1,2 (test systems from XEMA, RF) Ureoplasmaurealyticum (test system of the company "Vector-Best", Russia). Antibodies to Mycoplasma spp were detected in the examined women; they were detected in 115 cases (35.5 ± 3,1%). It turned out that the monoculture of microorganisms is detected 3.2 times more often than associations, in 6,7% of cases negative samples are detected. Most antibodies were detected against antigens of other species Mycoplasma spp, Chlamydia spp, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. A total of 287 positive samples were found, including 55 monocultures and 232 microorganisms. Women who were examined most often in association met with cytomegalovirus and Chlamydia spp 15 times, Mycoplasma spp 10 times with other microorganisms and with each other
CLINICAL COURSE OF PERIMENOPAUSAL PERIOD IN WOMEN WITH HYPERANDROGENISM SYNDROME
Authors:   ermez Branch of Tashkent Medical Academy of Uzbekistan, Azamkulova N.O. , Irgasheva Sevara
Published: October 2021

Hyperandrogenism is a disorder of endocrine status caused by excess production of androgens. The syndrome is a consequence of increased androgen production both in the ovaries and adrenal glands. However, such a division is very arbitrary, as increased production of androgens in the adrenal glands may increase production in the ovaries and vice versa. Androgens in women are synthesized by ovaries, adrenal glands and peripheral tissues, which also participate in metabolism.The set of androgens in both womenand men includes dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate, dehydroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone and 5-alpha-dihydrotestosterone (5-alpha-DHT). Still, unlike men, women have a higher concentration of the first three hormones than the lasttwo. Androgen synthesis in the adrenal glands in women is regulated by adrenocorticotropic and in the ovaries by luteinizing hormone (LH) and some other intraglandular autoparacrine mechanisms. According to recent studies, in addition to the basic biological, previously commonly known effects of androgens, their new mechanisms of influence on the female body have been discovered. Keywords: hyperandrogenism, hormones, ovaries, adrenal glands, reproductive disorders
INFECTIOUS AND INFLAMMATORY COMPLICATIONSIN OPHTHALMOLOGYAMID COVID-19
Authors:   Center for the Development of Professional Qualifications of Medical Workers,Head of Department of Ophthalmology of Uzbekistan, Kamilov Khalidjan , Kasimova Munirakhon , Khamraeva Gavkhar , Rizaeva Manzurakhon
Published: October 2021

Inflammatory complications of the organ of vision in the time of COVID-19 can be manifested as conjunctivitis, scleritis, episcleritis, keratitis, uveitis and optic neuritis. It is essential to collect anamnesis, examine the blood for the presence of COVID 19 and treat these patients with the help of infectious disease specialists. Correct diagnosis of inflammatory ocular complications in the presence of COVID 19 makes it possible to prevent ocular complications, such as: ulcers and corneal penetration; fusion and overgrowth of the pupil,which leadto secondary glaucoma; endoophthalmitis, panophthalmitis and optic nerve atrophy. Timely intensive medical care and adequate treatment of these complications lead to a decrease in disability in this category of patients.Keywords:Ophthalmology, COVID-19,complications, ulcers, endoophthalmitis, panophthalmitis, gastrointestinal tract, cavernous sinus thrombosis
ISSUES OF ASSESSING THE EFFICIENCY OF INNOVATIVE PROCESS MANAGEMENT IN THE ICT SPHERE
Authors:   Tashkent university of information technologies \named after Mukhammad al-Kwarizmi,, Gafurova Dilshoda
Published: October 2021

The article proposes criteria for assessing the management of innovative processes in the field of information and communication technologies (ICT) on the basis of a point system, the study of indicators of international indices, based on the results of which calculations are made.The purpose of the study is to develop a unified methodology for assessing the effectiveness of management of innovation processes in the ICT field and to provide recommendations for its application in practice.Scientific novelty of the research:1. It is proposed to use international ratings when assessing innovation processes in the field of information and communication technologies.2. The structure of indicators that form the overall value of the effectiveness of management of the innovation process in the field of information and communication technologies has been developed.3. Criteria for assessing indicators that form the overall value of the effectiveness of management of the innovation process in the field of information and communication technologies have been developed
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL BUSINESS AND PRIVATE ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Loan Repayment and Program MonitoringJoint-Stock Commercial Bank ", Nozimov Alpomishbek ,   Agrobank",   Tashkent city branch in Uzbekistan, Tuхsanov Kudratillo ,   Tashkent State University of economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: October 2021

This article covers the development of small business and private entrepreneurship, as well as scientific views on entrepreneurship. At the same time, the reforms carried out by the government in the development of entrepreneurship are highlighted. As a result of the analysis, conclusions were drawn on the further development of small business and private entrepreneurship.Keywords: small business entities, entrepreneur, business, export, import, vacancy.
THE HISTORY OF POPULATION MIGRATION FROM EASTERN TURKESTAN IN THE FERGHANA REGION AT THE END OF THE XIX CENTURY
Authors:   National University of Uzbekistan, Akhunov Akrom
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the problem of the peoples of East Turkestan fleeing the oppression of the Chinese Manchus and moving to two regions of Central Asia: the 70s and the Fergana Valley.An independent state will be created in East Turkestan by the military leader and diplomat Yakubbek. After his death in 1877, a struggle for the throne began between his sons, which passed into the hands of the Chinese. The occupation of the Etishahr state led to a massive resettlement ofthe population to the Fergana Valley. As a result of migration, large numbers of ethnic Uyghurs migrated to the Fergana Valley and Uyghur villages emerged.
THE EMPLOYMENT OF EXPERIENCE AND KNOWLEDGE OF THE “FORMER PEOPLE” IN THE SOVIET INSTITUTIONSOF THE TASSR –UZBEK SSR
Authors:   Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Pugovkina Oksana G.
Published: October 2021

This article, based on the involvement of archival sources and historical literature, shedding the light on experience and knowledge of former imperial officials in Soviet institutions of the TASSR -Uzbek SSR. Despite the fact of the "imperial past", the Soviet government for the first time attracted actively a loyal part of the old society to work in Soviet institutions, because it had been in dire need of highly qualified personnel until the moment when a new generation of Soviet employees would not be "educated" and "trained".Index Terms: archival sources, soviet historiography, Soviet Turkestan and Uzbekistan, "former people", the Soviet government, the employment of experience and knowledge, «specialists»
semana más, una semana menos.
Authors: Ramírez Rodríguez José Manuel
Published: November 2021

Escribo esta editorial probablemente en el momento más álgido del tsunami biológico al que nos estamos enfrentando desde hace ya un mes, la pan-epidemia del covid-19. Como tal tsunami, parece que nadie lo vimos venir, o si se vio no se le dio la importancia que merecía.
La política industrial del MAS (2006-2019): una aproximación institucional a los limitantes del cambio estructural en Bolivia
Authors: De-la-Cruz-Prego Fernando
Published: November 2021

En el trabajo se analizan las políticas industriales en Bolivia durante los sucesivos Gobiernos del MAS (2006-2019). En concreto, se centra en la dimensión institucional de las políticas industrialesy en la hipótesis de que los problemas de orden institucional han sido un factor determinante de la incapacidad del nuevo modelo de traducir sus políticas en transformaciones estructurales de laeconomía productiva. Para ello, se articula un análisis en cuatro niveles de la política industrial: normativo-estratégico, institucional, políticas sectoriales e instrumentos-incentivos. En el análisis,se muestra que existen diversos fallos de diseño e implementación a nivel institucional (priorización de los sectores primarios, ausencia de colaboraciones público-privadas, solapamientos normativos, limitadas capacidades burocráticas o ausencia de un sistema de innovación tecnológica, entreotros), que han imposibilitado la industrialización y el cambio estructural en Bolivia.
La cooperación internacional para el desarrollo y la protección de los derechos humanos de las personas LGTBI: una mirada desde la Agenda 2030
Authors: Colina-Martín Sergio
Published: November 2021

Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) brindan nuevas bases para una interrelación más fuerte entre las agendas de cooperación internacional y de desarrollo y la protección y promoción delos derechos humanos de las personas lesbianas, gais, trans, bisexuales e intersexuales (LGTBI). El compromiso de la Agenda 2030 de no dejar a nadie atrás proporciona un mandato claro para todoslos países y actores públicos, incluidas las agencias de desarrollo, de poner la igualdad, la inclusión y la no discriminación en el centro de las políticas de cooperación internacional, en el marco de un enfoque basado en derechos. Con este documento se pretende analizar las intersecciones mássignificativas entre los objetivos y metas de desarrollo sostenible y los derechos de las personas LGTBI desde una perspectiva general, y sugerir posibles vías de actuación. En el estudio también seconsideran las características de la aproximación de la cooperación española a este respecto, desde una perspectiva histórica, incluyendo sus últimos desarrollos.
Онтокінезіологічний підхід до процесу фізичного виховання студентів
Authors: Dudko Mykhailo , Martyniuk Oksana , Lazakovych Yulia , Lazakovych Yulia , Koshura Andrii
Published: November 2021

Онтокінезіологічний підхід до фізичного виховання ґрунтується на усвідомленні складнощів рухової діяльності, оволодіння основами системного підходу до аналізу складних явищ м’язових рухів у всіх проявах. Мета дослідження полягала в теоретико-методологічному обґрунтуванні застосування онтокінезіологічного підходу до фізичного виховання студентів. Матеріал та методи. У ході наукової роботи проводили аналіз і синтез філософської, психологічної, педагогічної, загальнонаукової літератури, абстрагування й конкретизацію. Результати. Установлено, що такий підхід, розглянуто як метапредметний як базис спортивної науки, може використовуватися для побудови систему фізичного виховання студентів, що враховує інтеграцію інтелекту- альних і рухових здібностей у процесі фізичного виховання. Охарактеризовано поняття «кінезіологічний потенціал» та кінезіологічні компетентності. Розглянуто теоретико-методичниі підходи до розуміння кінезіологічних компетентностей, а саме антропологічний, культурологічний, особистісно-діяльнісний і компетент- нісний. Означено, що кожен підхід як підсистема включає обов’язкові елементи: поняття, принципи, форми й методи. Визначено основні педагогічні принципи фізичного виховання студентів. Висновки. Отже, педагогічна система фізичного виховання студентів, заснована на онтокінезіологічному підході, являє собою інтегративну єдність антропологічного, культурологічного, особистісно-діяльнісного й компетентнісного підходів, що сприяють досягненню поставленої освітньої мети. Системоутворювальним фактором побудови цієї системи є мета її функціонування – формування кінезіологічних компетентності студентів, що розглядається як здатність і готовність особистості до саморозвитку та самовдосконалення свого кінезіологічного потенціалу, що більшою мірою відповідає сучасним вимогам процесу фізичного виховання у вищій школі.
Design and Build Solar Panels as Source Rice Thresher Motor Energy
Authors: Sitepu Trahman , Malau Ayu Tamara , Cholish C , Abdullah A
Published: October 2021

Renewable energy generated from sunlight (Solar Panels) can be formed as alternative energy that can be applied to a source of electrical energy in rice thresher equipment. The use of solar energy with a power of 240 WP through the object on the rice thresher is able to replace the rice thresher automatically which is more effective. The power generated by solar energy will be processed into a charging source for the Regulated Battery Charger which can be supplied at a voltage to the control circuit to drive the DC motor. The average voltage generated by solar energy is 0.000394 volts/lux with a maximum voltage of 36.2 volts and a DC motor of 350 watts. In addition, the speed of this rice thresher is 950.8 rpm and is able to produce very good rice cutting against the designed solar energy capabilities.
Analysis of the Effect of Loading on the Transformers Usage Time
Authors: Ritonga Adi Syahputra , Muthalib Muchlis Abdul , Daud Muhammad , Lubis Hamdi Akmal , Pokhrel Biswas Babu , Phuyal Sudip , Gohatre Umakant B.
Published: October 2021

The reliability and stability of the system in the operation of the electric power system is very important, in order to provide comfort in service to consumers. The transformer is a very important component in the electric power system, because it is used as a voltage adjuster for the load being served. This study discusses the effect of loading and temperature on the life shrinkage of 36/60 MVA power transformers in block 3 and block 4 carried out at PT. PJB UBJ O&M PLTMG Arun Lhokseumawe, Aceh. From the calculation results after 4 years the transformer operates, if the transformer is given a 100% load, the transformer will experience an age difference of 2.52 p.u/day so that it has a remaining life for of 10 years. As for the transformer that is given a load of 90%, the transformer will experience an age difference of 1.44 p.u/day so that it has a remaining life to perform operations for another 18 years. Then for a transformer that is given a load of 80%, the transformer will experience an age difference of 0.67 p.u/day so that it will have a remaining life to carry out the operation again for another 38 years. From the above calculation, the origin of the temperature obtained for the ONAN type of cooler in block 3 is 0.71 p.u/day and in block 4 it is 0.70 p.u/day. While the ONAF type of cooler in block 3 is 0.004 p.u/day and in block 4 it is 0.005 p.u/day. This is in accordance with the regulation SPLN50/1982 regarding transformer life shrinkage.
Ecotoxicological assessment of two surfactant on the emryonic development
Authors: Al-dosari Aldana , Younes Nadin , Nasrallah Gheyath
Published: October 2021

In this study, zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos was served as a model for marine fauna to determine if there is any potential of organ-specific toxicity (neuromuscular, hepatic, cytotoxic, and cardiac) caused by Silicone-Q-22 and Ploy-Q-47. as both surfactants are considered eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors. The calculated LC50 of Silicon-Q-22 and Poly-Q-47 was 22.36 and 8.28 mg/L, respectively. At NOEC both surfactants had resulted in teratogenic defects and cardiotoxicity, but only poly Q-47 resulted in neurotoxicity.
Association between pre-existing conditions and hospitalization, intensive care services and mortality from COVID-19 – a cross sectional analysis of an international global health data repository
Authors: Elsayed Basant Moustafa , Altarawneh Lina , Doi Suhail , Chivese Tawanda
Published: October 2021

Objective: To investigate the association between pre-existing conditions and hospitalization, need for intensive care services (ICU) and mortality due to COVID-19. Methods: We used data on all cases recorded in the Global Health Data repository up to the 10th of March 2021 to carry out a cross-sectional analysis of associations between cardiovascular diseases (CVD), hypertension, diabetes, obesity, lung diseases and kidney disease and hospitalization, ICU and mortality due to COVID-19. We included data from Brazil, Mexico and Cuba only as they were the only countries where preexisting conditions were reported. We used multivariable logistic regression to compute adjusted and unadjusted odds ratios (OR) of the three outcomes for each pre-existing condition in ten-year age groups from 0-9 years and up to 110-120 years. Results: As of the 10th of March 2021, the Global Health repository held 25 900 000 records of confirmed cases of COVID-19, of which 2 900 000 cases from Brazil, Mexico and Cuba had data on preexisting conditions. The overall adjusted odds of hospitalization for each pre-existing condition were; CVD (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.7-1.7), hypertension (OR 1.5, 95%CI 1.4-1.5), diabetes (OR 2.2, 95%CI 2.1-2.2), obesity (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.6-1.7), kidney disease (OR 5.5, 95%CI 5.2-5.7) and lung disease (OR 1.9, 95%CI 1.8-1.9). The overall adjusted odds of ICU for each pre-existing condition were; CVD (OR 2.1, 95%CI 1.8-2.4), hypertension (OR 1.3, 95%CI 1.2-1.4), diabetes (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.5-1.8), obesity (OR 2.2, 95%%CI 2.1-2.4), kidney disease (OR 1.4, 95%CI 1.2-1.7) and lung disease (OR 1.1, 95%CI 0.9-1.3). The overall adjusted odds of mortality for each pre-existing condition were; CVD (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.6-1.7), hypertension (OR 1.3, 95%CI 1.3-1.4), diabetes (OR 2.0, 95%CI 1.9-2.0), obesity (OR 1.9, 95%CI 1.8-2.0), kidney disease (OR 2.7, 95%CI 2.6-2.9) and lung disease (OR 1.6, 95%CI 1.5-1.7). The odds of each outcome were considerably larger in children and young adults with these preexisting conditions than for adults, especially for kidney disease, CVD and diabetes. Conclusion: Individuals with CVD, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, lung diseases and kidney diseases have high odds of hospitalization, ICU and mortality from COVID-19. The odds of these outcomes are especially elevated in children and young adults with these preexisting conditions
The risk of severe COVID-19 and mortality from COVID-19 in people living with HIV compared to individuals without HIV - a systematic review and meta-analysis of 1 268 676 individuals
Authors: Arif Rida , Abdelmaksoud Asmaa , Mapahla Lovemore , Chinhenzva Albert , Islam Nazmul , Doi Sohail , Chivese Tawanda
Published: October 2021

Research Purpose: Findings from existing studies have shown conflicting evidence concerning the risk of severe COVID-19 and death from COVID-19 in people living with HIV (PLHIV) compared to people without HIV. The aim of our review is to compare mortality, hospitalization, and the need for intensive care services due to COVID-19 between PLHIV and individuals without HIV based on data from the existing literature. Methods: A search in major databases of preprints was carried out and eligible studies were screened and selected. From each study, data on numbers of PLHIV and individuals without HIV were extracted. Study quality was assessed using the MethodologicAl STandard for Epidemiological Research (MASTER) scale. Data synthesis used a bias adjusted model where age and geographical subgroups were analysed. Results: From the 2757 records identified, 11 studies were included. The total participants were 1 268 676, of which 13 886 were PLHIV. Overall, the estimated effect of HIV on mortality suggested some worsening (OR 1.3, 95% CI: 0.9 – 2.0, I2 = 78.6%) with very weak evidence against the model hypothesis at this sample size. However, in individuals aged <60 years, the estimated effect on mortality suggested more worsening in PLHIV (OR 2.7, 95% CI: 1.1 -6.5, I2 = 95.7%) with strong evidence against the model hypothesis at this sample size. HIV was also associated with an estimated effect on hospitalization for COVID-19 that suggested worsening (OR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.3-2.1, I2 = 96.0%) with strong evidence against the model hypothesis at this sample size. Conclusion: People living with HIV have higher risk of death and hospitalisation from COVID-19, compared to individuals without HIV with the difference exaggerated in those younger than 60 years old. Our findings suggest that PLHIV are at higher risk than the general population and should be prioritized for vaccine coverage and monitoring if diagnosed with COVID-19.
Anti-cancer properties of Microalgae (T1) Extract in Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Al-Atieh Noor , Ahmad Salma , Nazar Hanan , Ouhtit Allal
Published: October 2021

Breast cancer (BC), a worldwide health issue, is the most common malignant cancer in women in Gulf region, including the State of Qatar. Unfortunately, malignant tumors has the capability to metastasis, which involves both migration and invasion of cancer cells which are the most threatening aspects of cancer (McSherry et al., 2007). Consequently, researchers have concentrated on Complementary and Alternative medicine (CAM) modalities, as conventional medicine has been facing various challenges such as; poor understanding of the mechanisms with BC proliferation and invasion within various groups of patients, drug resistance, and the failure of current therapies to completely cure the disease. A significant CAM method have been raised which is the treatment with herbs and extracts derived from seeds, leaves, fruits and roots of plants; each of these invariably represents a combination of several bioactive compounds. Our biofuel has provided us with a crude extract of a microalgae coded as T1 that consist of carotenoids, chlorophyll a, and chlorophyll b. Carotenoids is a bioactive molecule that inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion and induce apoptosis to tumor cells.
Student Researcher Spotlight
Authors: Bui An
Published: October 2021

An Bui is an undergraduate student in the Faculty of Science who is researching inflammation in stroke. Her image titled Neutrophils block brain capillaries in the penumbra region of the ischemic mouse model with a 60-min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion is featured on the front cover of this issue.
PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF LOCALLY ISOLATED FOWL POXVIRUS -EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED TRACHEA USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
Authors: Al-Hyali H. M. , Al-Jumily A.
Published: November 2021

In this study fowl poxvirus has been isolated from naturally infected birds. This virus induced respiratory distress, 2, 3 and 4 days post inoculation, in intratracheally inoculated 8 week old chickens, these respiratory distress include congestion of tracheal mucosa, increased tracheal secreation and whitish-yellowish pastules appeared at ninth day post inoculation in the upper part of the trachea forming diphtheritic or pseudodiphtheritic membrane. Using scanning electron microscopy to study the changes that occurs in the epithelial surface of trachea. It was found that the virus causes proliferation of epithelial cells forming cluster like papilloma, deciliation and activation of goblet cells.
Analisis Kegagalan Pada Komponen Poros Pompa Industri
Authors: Nugroho Restyarno Agung , Iswanto Priyo Tri
Published: November 2021

Pumps are very important industrial equipment in the petroleum industry. The component that often fails is the pump shaft. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a failure analysis of this component to determine the mode/type of failure and how it occurred. This study used Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), metallographic test, chemical composition test, and Brinell hardness test with the standard UNSS42000 material. Fatigue test to determine the fatigue limit of the shaft with a rotary bending fatigue test. The failure model that occurred was fatigue failure characterized by initial cracks, crack growth, ratchet marks, sudden fracture areas. Based on the comparison between the test results of chemical composition and mechanical properties of the material, the drive shaft pump material was suitable for the UNS S42000 material.
Sikap Berbahasa Warga Negara Indonesia Keturunan Tionghoa di Kota Makassar
Authors: Devi Sry
Published: October 2021

Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini, yaitu mendeskripsikan sikap berbahasa Warga Negara Indonesia keturunan tionghoa yang ada di kota Makassar berdasarkan pendapat Fasold menggunakan teori yang kedua yakni teori mentalistik yang terdiri atas tiga komponen yakni sikap kognitif, afektif, dan konatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif, sumber data dalam penelitian ini yakni sikap berbahasa WNI keturunan Tinghoa di kota Makassar. Dari hasil yang diperoleh berdasarkan komponen kognitif, berdasarkan tabel deskriptif statistik memiliki rata-rata 14,95%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sikap berbahasa pada komponen kognitif yakni tentang persepsi WNI keturunan Tionghoa yang ada di kota Makassar perihal bahasa Indonesia terbilang rendah atau masuk kedalam kategori buruk. Pada komponen afektif, berdasarkan deskriptif statistik memiliki rata-rata 14,16%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sikap berbahasa pada komponen afektif yakni tentang keadaan emosional WNI keturunan Tionghoa yang ada di kota Makassar perihal bahasa Indonesia yang terdiri atas penilaian positif atau negatif terbilang rendah atau masuk kedalam kategori negatif. Berdasarkan komponen konatif, deskriptif statistik memiliki rata-rata 16,25%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sikap berbahasa pada komponen konatif yakni kecenderungan untuk bertindak WNI keturunan Tionghoa yang ada di kota Makassar perihal bahasa Indonesia terbilang rendah atau masuk kedalam kategori kurang.
Unsur Kearifan Lokal Masyarakat Atoni Pah Meto dalam Legenda Oepunu
Authors: Liubana Metropoly Merlin J. , Ibrahim Nenohai
Published: October 2021

Kebudayaan lokal suatu masyarakat, erat kaitannya dengan tradisi masyarakat itu sendiri. Seperti yang terangkum dalam legenda Oepunu. Pengkajian terhadap legenda Oepunu dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan kearifan lokal masyarakat Atoni Pah Meto di Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif dengan data primer berupa cerita rakyat legenda Oepunu yang dikumpulkan dari informan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik mengobservasi, merekam, dan mencatat. Kemudian data dianalisis secara deskriptif dengan langkah mentranskripsikan data ke bentuk teks, mengidentifikasi, mengklasifikasikan, menginterpretasikan, dan mengeksploitasi dalam penguraian secara detail dengan pendekatan mimesis dan teori kearifan lokal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kearifan lokal yang terbagi menjadi beberapa hal yaitu: pengetahuan sebagai peramal (mnane); hasil keterampilan lokal berupa esu, mau dan tais:  solidaritas kelompok lokal berupa budaya mamat dan tarian bonet; kepercayaan Uis Pah, dan Uis Neno; Marga sebagai Identitas Masyarakat Atoni Pah Meto yang terdiri atas marga Tusi, Tano, Leobanu, dan Ana Bansoma; Latar berupa Oekbiti, Putu, Oepunu, Kono; dan faut esu sebagai peninggalan.
Penerapan Metode Partisipatorik dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia Siswa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 9 Gowa
Authors: Amal Akbar  , Anzar Anzar , Suparmin Suparmin
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan metode partisipatorik dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia khususnya menulis paragraf persuasi siswa kelas IX SMA Negeri 9 Gowa pada tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, dan penilaian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam  bentuk siklus, mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru dan siswa IX SMA Negeri 9 Gowa dengan jumlah siswa 36 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, catatan lapangan, dan analisis tes uraian dan tes kemampuan menulis paragraf persuasi sebagai instrumen penelitian pada tiap siklus untuk mengumpulkan data yang diperlukan. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa penerapan metode partisipatorik dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar menulis paragraf persuasi pada siswa IX SMA Negeri 9 Gowa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tes uraian menulis paragraf persuasi yang dilakukan secara individu pada siklus I mencapai 67,13%, sedangkan pada siklus II mencapai 85,43%. Jadi, jumlah peningkatannya mencapai 18,3%. Adapun pada tes kemampuan menulis paragraf persuasi yang dilakukan secara berkelompok pada siklus I mencapai 69,45%, sedangkan pada siklus II mencapai 76,16%. Jadi, jumlah peningkatannya mencapai 6,71%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode partisipatorik dapat meningkatkan pembelajaran menulis paragraf persuasi siswa IX SMA Negeri 9 Gowa.
Modus Kalimat Imperatif Bahasa Makassar Masyarakat Desa Bontomanai Kecamatan Bungaya Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Muhammad Dahlan  , Asis Nojeng
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini berguna untuk mengetahui bagaimana pemakaian  modus kalimat imperatif    Bahasa Makassar masyarakat Desa Bontomanai Kecamatan Bungaya Kabupaten Gowa, Dalam penelitian ini analisis yang dipakai ialah metode Penelitian  deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik analisisi. tempat pelaksanaan Penelitian di Desa Bontomanai Ksecamatan Bungaya Kabupaten Gowa.  Fokus penelitian ini ialah modus kalimat imperatif yang dipakai masyarakat desa. Objek penelitian ini ialah masyarakat Desa Bontomanai. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini ialah peneliti sendiri yang dibantu dengan tabel analisis kerja yaitu  tabel  jenis-jenis  modus kalimat imperatif serta hubungan subjek serta predikat yang membentuk modus kalimat tersebut. Data yang diperoleh berupa jenis-jenis modus kalimat imperatif yang terdapat pada masyarakat Desa Bontomanai Kecamatan Bungaya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 102 kalimat atau klausa yang mengandung modus  kalimat  imperatif.  Data  yang  ditemukan  antara  lain,  modus imperatif taktransitif atau intransitif sebanyak 11 kalimat atau klausa (10.78%), modus imperatif transitif sebanyak 12 kalimat atau klausa (11.76%), modus imperatif permintaan sebanyak 21 kalimat atau klausa (20.50%), modus imperatif larangan sebanyak 28 kalimat atau klausa (27.45%),  modus  imperatif  halus  sebanyak  12  kalimat  atau  klausa (11.76%), modus imperatif pembiaran sebanyak 4 kalimat atau klausa (3.92%), serta modus imperatif ajakan serta harapan sebanyak 14 kalimat atau klausa (13.72%). Berdasarkan data-data tersebut, dapat dikatakan bahwa pada Modus Kalimat Imperatif Bahasa Makassar Masyarakat Desa Bontomanai Kecamatan Bungaya Kabupaten Gowa yang  dijadikan objek penelitian, masyarakat sering menggunakan modus kalimat imperatif larangan, serta pada dasarnya sejalan dengan keadaan sekarang dimasa pandemi ini dimana kegiatan masyarakat sangat dibatasi dikarenakan pandemi covid 19.

Kata kunci:
The Use of Personal Vocabulary Notes Technique to Enhance Students' Writing Skill At Lakidende University
Authors: Ikosusilowati Ikosusilowati , Umar Umar
Published: October 2021

This research aims at investigating the current level of students’ writing skill before and after applying Personal Vocabulary Notes technique. The research problem was to know how Personal Vocabulary Notes Technique used to enhance students’ writing skill at Lakidende University. This research was used Experimental method is a quantitative research method used to determine the effect of independent variable on the dependent variable. This research applied pre-experimental design which one group in given pre test and post test. The instrument of this research is writing tasks which were taken during the treatment. The purpose of using these written products provides the data in term of organization, vocabulary, and language use. The population of this research was all of the fourth semester at Lakidende University who enrolled in academic year 2020/2021.The samples of this study were 26 students which were taken by using purposive sampling. But, the running of these research, they were only 21 Students was active. The result shows that the calculated t value (df=20) was bigger than the t table value (1.724), p value < 0.05,  therefore it can be concluded that there was a difference in the students’ writing skill scores after being given Personal Vocabulary Notes technique, with an effect size of 1.613 or 94, 5% (Large effect). Based on the estimated mean value between pre post and post test, it was also known that there was an increase in student’s writing skill after used Personal Vocabulary Notes Technique. Means that, Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected.
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Daring terhadap Penguatan Budaya Literasi Membaca Siswa Kelas V di MI Madani Alauddin Kabupaten Gowa
Authors: Hasrianti Andi , Sulaiman Umar
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) Implemntasi pembelajaran daring pada siswa kelas V di MI Madani Alauddin, Kabupaten Gowa, 2) Gambaran budaya literasi membaca pada siswa kelas V di MI Madani Alauddin, Kabupaten Gowa, 3) Efektivitas pembelajaran daring terhadap penguatan budaya literasi membaca siswa kelas V di MI Madani Alauddin, Kabupaten Gowa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah ex-post facto. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas V di MI Madani Alauddin Kabupaten Gowa yang berjumlah 41 orang. Adapun instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah angket dan tes. Teknik anlisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif diperoleh skor rata-rata peserta didik sebesar 50 untuk pengisian kuesioner tentang implementasi pembelajaran daring dan diperoleh nilai rata-rata peserta didik sebesar 86 untuk tes keterampilan membaca. Hasil analisis statistik inferensial diperoleh t_(hitung )> dari t_(tabel )(8,17>1,68) yang berarti bahwa implementasi pembelajaran daring efektif terhadap penguatan budaya literasi membaca pada peserta didik kelas V di MI Madani Aluaddin Kabupaten Gowa. Implikasi dalam penelitian ini 1) Implementasi pembelajaran daring efektif terhadap penguatan budaya literasi membaca peserta didik kelas V di MI Madani Alauddin Kabupaten Gowa 2) Menjadi dasar untuk penelitian berikutnya tentang literasi.
Analisis Plot Novel Rebecca oleh Daphne Du Maurier, Diceritakan Ulang oleh Margaret Tarner
Authors: Heni Heni
Published: October 2021

Masyarakat sebagai pembaca akan mengidentifikasikan dirinya sebagai tokoh dalam cerita. Mereka akan cenderung merasakan apa yang karakter rasakan dan melakukan apa yang karakter lakukan. Tampaknya pembaca hidup dalam cerita dan membayangkan diri mereka sebagai aktor fiksi. Meskipun sebuah fiksi adalah karya pengarang, bukan berarti cerita hanyalah seorang penulis imajinatif individu. Ini adalah produk dari suatu masyarakat. Jadi sastra dan budaya masyarakat merupakan satu kesatuan. Penelitian ini akan menganalisa plot pada novel Rebecca. Kisah pada novel Rebecca ini diatur secara menggugah di belantara Cornwall, di sebuah rumah pedesaan besar bernama Manderley. Terdapat lima tahapan plot yang terdiri atas tahap penyituasian (situation), tahap pemunculan konflik (generating circumstances), tahap peningkatan konflik (rising action), tahap klimaks (climax) serta tahap penyelesaian (denounment). Tahap penyituasian (situation), yaitu tahapan pelukisan dan pengenalan situasi latar dan tokoh-tokoh cerita. Tahap pemunculan konflik (generating circumstances), yaitu tahap munculnya masalah-masalah dan peristiwa yang menyulut terjadinya konflik. Tahap peningkatan konflik (rising action), yaitu tahap perkembangan konflik yang ada sebelumnya serta makin mencekamnya peristiwa-peristiwa yang ada. Tahap klimaks (climax), yaitu konflik dan peristiwa yang terjadi mencapai intensitas puncak. Tahap penyelesaian (denounment), yaitu penyeleisaian konflik yang terjadi, pengendoran ketegangan, serta pemberian jalan keluar dan atau pengakhiran cerita. Penelitian ini akan membahas tentang lima tahapan  plot pada novel Rebecca. Dengan adanya analisis plot pada novel Rebecca, maka  akan diketahui alur cerita novel tersebut dengan terperinci.

Kata kunci:
Bentuk dan Makna Ritual Mappacci pada Pernikahan Bangsawan Bugis (Studi Kasus di Desa Benteng Gantarang Kabupaten Bulukumba)
Authors: Kasmawati Kasmawati , Indarwati Indarwati , Tamin Haryeni , Hasan Hasan
Published: October 2021

Mapacci adalah salah satu dari sekian banyak ritual dalam pernikahan adat suku Bugis di Sulawesi Selatan. Ritual ini adalah upacara untuk membersihkan dan menyucikan diri bagi calon pengantin dari hal-hal yang tidak baik. Prosesi ini biasa dilaksanakan pada saat menjelang acara akad nikah keesokan harinya. Adat kebudayaan ini ditradisikan oleh masyarakat dan diyakini dapat membawa keberkahan dalam pernikahan hingga sampai sekarang. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada bentuk makna dalam ritual upacara adat mappacci. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif bertema budaya lokal. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode observasi, dengan teknik rekam, catat, dan wawancara. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis secara deskriptif-kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa makna ritual dalam ritual mapacci pada pernikahan bangsawan Bugis di desa Benteng Gantarang kabupaten Bulukumba, yakni: kesucian hati calon mempelai menghadapi hari esok; harapan, yang dimaknai semoga pernikahan nanti akan berlangsung dengan langgeng (selamanya); doa dan restu dari para keluarga; makna agar calon mempelai kelak di kemudian hari dapat hidup bahagia seperti mereka yang meletakkan pacci di atas tangannya.
Eksistensi Pemangku Adat dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Desa di Kerinci
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad , Effendi Ghina Nabilah
Published: October 2021

Beberapa literatur yang mengkaji hubungan adat dan negara lebih memposisikan adat sebagai sebuah identitas dan cara memperoleh dukungan namun faktanya adat memiliki dominasi terhadap pemerintah desa dalam pengambilan keputusan penting. Kabupaten Kerinci menjadi lokasi dengan dominasi adat dalam pemerintahan desa. Penelitian ini menjelaskan eksistensi pemangku adat sebagai lembaga dominan dalam pengambilan keputusan desa di Kerinci. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana eksistensi lembaga adat dalam pengambilan keputusan desa di Kerinci. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan tinjauan berbagai literatur, observasi, dan dokumentasi dan dari berbagai sumber seperti laporan, peraturan desa, berita dari media, hasil kajian digunakan sebagai bahan untuk menunjang analisis penelitian, data dianalisis dengan analisis kualitatif yang disajikan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi lembaga adat dalam pengambilan keputusan di Desa Kerinci masih digunakan dan eksis hingga saat ini bahkan keberadaanya mampu mendominasi pemerintah lokal dalam pengambilan keputusan terkait pembangunan desa dengan legitimasi adat.