bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differential expression of CUGBP, Elav-like family member 2 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: November 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding angiopoietin 1, ANGPT1, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. ANGPT1 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of ANGPT1 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with luminal B and normal-like subtype cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by PAM50 molecular subtype. ANGPT1 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Manajemen sumber daya manusia
Authors: Anwar Khaerul
Published: November 2021

Makalah manajemen sumber daya manusia
Analisis Usaha ES Cincau menurut Aspek Teknik dan Operasional
Authors: Sugiatni Evi
Published: November 2021

Setelah kita melakukan salah satu proses analisis yang disebut dengan analisis terhadap aspek pemasaran, atas suatu bisnis sudah dinyatakan layak, maka tahap berikutnya adalah melakukan analisis teknik /operasional. Sama seperti bidang-bidang usaha lain, yang memerlukan keputusan usaha Es cincau yang terkait dengan pendirian dan pengembangan suatu usaha yang harus diputuskan berdasarkan pendekatan pasar (market oriented).Yaitu, setiap produk yang akan diproduksi sebagai dampak keputusan Es cincau kita harus merupakan sebuah produk yang dibutuhkan atau yang akan menjadi kebutuhan masyarakat. Keputusan itu bertujuan untuk memasarkan es cincau, misalnya, perlu didasari pada data apakah ada yang apresiasinya lebih tinggiyang ada di kalangan konsumen terhadap komoditas tersebut, atau apakah ada industri pengasapan Es cincau yang memerlukan bahan baku, atau ada kegiatan Es cincau yang membutuhkan pasokan es cincau, dsb. Keputusan usaha ini berdasarkan pada pendekatan produk (product oriented) yang sudah tidak lagi relevan dan harus ditinggalkan jika pengusaha menginginkan bisnisnya selalu tumbuh berkelanjutan. Namun, tidak berarti bahwa Aspek teknik/operasi menjadi kurang penting dalam keseluruhan proses atau kinerja suatu usaha (business performance). Justru Aspek teknik/operasi merupakan bagian dari tahapan kegiatan yang harus dikaji terlebih dulu apabilia suatu keputusan berbisnis akan diimplementasikan.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE GOVERNMENT'S DISCRETION IN INDONESIA, AUTHORITY, AND RESPONSIBILITY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GOVERNMENT
Authors: Ro'is Nur
Published: November 2021

The research entitled "Implementation of the Government's Discretionary Authority and Accountability in the Administration of Government" has five problem formulations. First, how is the implementation of discretionary authority in the administration of Government? Second, there are obstacles in the exercise of discretionary authority. The third is how to overcome obstacles. Fourth, the limits of discretion in decision making. Fifth, Government Instruments. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the five problem formulations above. This research is qualitative descriptive The results of this study indicate that the exercise of discretionary authority in the administration of Government is a logical consequence of the welfare state where the welfare state government is a state power that is given the task and responsibility for the welfare of its citizens. In contrast, discretionary authority does not mean that it can be used freely. However, it must follow the rules written in Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning Good Governance and Principles of Good Governance (AAUPB). The implementation of discretionary authority in the administration of Government also has several obstacles that cause the Government to be less efficient and less effective. Efforts to overcome these obstacles are not easy because they must involve all parties, namely legislative power, executive power, and judicial power. This is also, of course, requires the role of citizens. These things are to ensure the implementation of discretionary authority in the administration of Government so that it is efficient and effective in realizing people's welfare.
Control of oxygen-to-carbon ratio and fuel utilization with regard to solid oxide fuel cell systems with anode-offgas recirculation: A review
Authors: Schaefer Felix
Published: November 2021

One of the possible SOFC system-configurations providing the highest potential of electrical DC-efficiency of up to 65% is a SOFC-system with anode exhaust gas recirculation (AEGR), where part of the depleted anode exhaust gas is recirculated and mixed with fresh natural gas upstream of the reformer. For safe and durable operation of a SOFC-system, the oxygen-to-carbon-ratio and the fuel utilization as characteristic parameters must not exceed stack- and reformer-specific thresholds. The determination and control of the characteristic parameters are therefore of crucial importance. However, this poses especially for SOFC-systems with AEGR due to enhanced system complexity a challenging task. In this paper, the authors present an overview on representative control strategies as well as different approaches to determine or diagnose characteristic parameters with emphasis on SOFC-systems with AEGR. Some conclusions are discussed based on the provided overview and outlines recommendations for future research work.
Translation and Adaptation of the Spanish Version of the International Trauma Questionnaire Child and Adolescent (ITQ-CA) following ITC Guidelines for Translating and Adapting Tests
Authors: Fernández-Fillol Carmen , Daugherty Julia C. , Hidalgo-Ruzzante Natalia , Pérez-García Miguel
Published: November 2021

The aim of this report is to present each of the stages taken to adapt the International Trauma Questionnaire-Child and Adolescent to Spanish.Each stage has been carried out rigorously, following the ITC Guidelines for Translating and Adapting Tests (Second Edition, 2017) published by the ITC (International Test Commission, 2018).This guide sets out a series of procedures and standards of good practice to be followed in order to comply with both legal and ethical principles and the standards of good practice established in relation to the use of tests in research.The Spanish adaptation of the ITQ has been carried out by different members of the Believe Project. The Believe Project was created by the Pnínsula Research Group (CTS-581), which is located in The Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Centre at the University of Granada (Spain). Thisproject centres on psychological and neuropsychological impairments acquired by female victims of intimate partner violence and their children. A high percentage of women and children may be suffering intimate partner violence-related PTSD and/or Complex PTSD as result of direct or indirect victimization.In order to assess Complex PTSD in the Believe Project, our research group seeks to translate a specific measure for Complex PTSD for children and adolescents, as we have previously done for adults.
Do humans prefer cognitive effort over doing nothing?
Authors: Wu Raymond , Ferguson Amanda M , Inzlicht Michael
Published: November 2021

Humans and other animals find mental (and physical) effort aversive and have the fundamental drive to avoid it. However, doing nothing is also aversive. Here, we ask whether people choose to avoid effort when the alternative is to do nothing at all. Across twelve studies, participants completed variants of the demand selection task, in which they repeatedly selected between a cognitively effortful task (e.g., simple addition, Stroop task, symbol-counting task) and a task that required no effort (e.g., doing nothing, watching the computer complete the Stroop, symbol-viewing). We then tabulated people’s choices. Across our studies and an internal meta-analysis, we found little evidence that people choose to avoid effort (and hints that people sometimes prefer effort) when the alternative was doing nothing. Our findings suggest that doing nothing can be just as costly – if not more costly – than exerting effort.
Justice-making institutions and the ancestral logic of conflict
Authors: Sznycer Daniel , Sell Aaron , Williams Keelah
Published: November 2021

Justice-making institutions rest on a vast network of rules, people, and artifacts. The federal criminal code of the United States, for example, has hundreds of sections with provisions for robbery and burglary, counterfeit bonds, chemical weapons, riots, expenditures to influence voting, and many others. This complexity can be traced to a handful of small-n-person games played by our foraging ancestors in their stateless societies. The overarching theme is conflict. Justice is predicated on actual or possible conflicts of interest. Individual brains include an array of adaptations that were selected because they regulated conflict-relevant behavior in fitness-promoting fashion: concepts (e.g., WRONGFUL ACT, UNJUST DISTRIBUTION), intuitions (e.g., a wrong deserves a punishment), and emotion systems (e.g., anger), among others. These ancient adaptations appear to form the core of justice-making institutions in modern societies—a core that is augmented by deliberation and writing systems. This theory of justice-making institutions can generate distinctive predictions. For example, the logic of justice-making institutions will echo the logic of their source adaptations, and thus will be apparent in laypeople’s naturalistic interactions. Further, laypeople will be able to intuitively recreate basic features of justice-making institutions near and far, past and present—because they have a common human nature with domestic and foreign lawmakers. Here, we review evidence relevant to (i) the criminal justice system and (ii) state-enacted redistribution in light of this adaptationist theory. We conclude that adaptationism is a productive framework to elucidate human institutions.
Spoken word recognition in listeners with mild dementia symptoms
Authors: McClannahan Katrina Sue , Mainardi Amelia , Luor Austin , Chiu Yi-Fang , Sommers Mitchell S. , Peelle Jonathan E.
Published: November 2021

BackgroundDifficulty understanding speech is a common complaint of older adults. In quiet, speech perception is often assumed to be relatively automatic. In background noise, however, higher-level cognitive processes play a more substantial role in successful communication. Cognitive resources are often limited in adults with dementia, which may therefore hamper word recognition. ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to determine the impact of mild dementia on spoken word recognition in quiet and noise.MethodsParticipants were adults aged 53–86 years with (n=16) or without (n=32) dementia symptoms as classified by a clinical dementia rating scale. Participants performed a word identification task with two levels of neighborhood density in quiet and in speech shaped noise at two signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), +6 dB and +3 dB. Our hypothesis was that listeners with mild dementia would have more difficulty with speech perception in noise under conditions that tax cognitive resources. ResultsListeners with mild dementia had poorer speech perception accuracy in both quiet and noise, which held after accounting for differences in age and hearing level. Notably, even in quiet, adults with dementia symptoms correctly identified words only about 80% of the time. However, phonological neighborhood density was not a factor in the identification task performance for either group.ConclusionThese results affirm the difficulty that listeners with mild dementia have with spoken word recognition, both in quiet and in background noise, consistent with a key role of cognitive resources in spoken word identification. However, the impact of neighborhood density in these listeners is less clear.
Less intelligent and unaware? Accuracy and Dunning-Kruger effects for self-estimates of different aspects of intelligence
Authors: Hofer Gabriela , Mraulak Valentina , Grinschgl Sandra , Neubauer Aljoscha
Published: November 2021

People’s perceptions of their intelligence correlate only moderately with objective intelligence measures. On average, people overestimate themselves. According to the popular Dunning-Kruger effect, this is particularly true for low performers: Across many domains, those in the lowest quantile overestimate their abilities the most. However, recent work using improved statistical approaches found little support for a Dunning-Kruger effect in general intelligence. We investigated the accuracy of and Dunning-Kruger effects in self-estimates of general, verbal, numerical, and spatial intelligence—domains that differed in how well they can be judged in the past. 281 participants completed self-estimates and intelligence measures online. Self-estimates showed mostly moderate correlational accuracy that was slightly higher for numerical intelligence and lower for verbal intelligence. Across domains, participants rated their intelligence as above-average. However, as their intelligence was indeed high, this was not an overestimation. While standard analyses indicated Dunning-Kruger effects in three out of four measures, improved statistical methods only yielded some support for one in verbal intelligence: People with lower verbal intelligence tended to have less self-knowledge about it. The generalizability of these findings is limited to young, highly educated populations. Nevertheless, our results contribute to a growing literature questioning the generality of the Dunning-Kruger effect.
Developing super-resolution fluorescent microscopy for virology research
Authors:   Institute of Physics, VAST, Nguyen Trong Nghia , Nguyen Thi Bich Ngoc ,   Institute of Physics, VAST, Tran Hong Nhung ,   Institute of Physics, VAST, Nguyen Duc Toan ,   Institute of Physics, VAST, Nghiem Thi Ha Lien ,   Institute of Physics, VAST, Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy ,   National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Nguyen Thanh Thuy ,   National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Le Tra My ,   Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Dao Huyen Quyen ,   Bachmai Hospital, Nguyen Minh Hien ,   Thanhnhan Hospital
Published: November 2021

Taking advantage of the use of photoswitchable probes and high precision localisation of single molecules to surpass the diffraction limit, super-resolution fluorescence microscopy allows observing non-invasive live-cell at sub-diffraction size (<200 nm). Given the advantage of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, our group has reconstructed the super-resolution fluorescence microscopybased on the single-molecule localisation microscopy technique with a resolution of 20 nm. In this research, the authors present the reconstruction process of the microscopy system and its application in observing hemorrhagic fever Dengue virus. Dengue virus was cultured in baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells and was then negative stained for transmission electron microscope (TEM) or immunofluorescent labeled for stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM). The diameter of the Dengue virus particles is 45-60 nm measured using TEM and is 84±12 nm measured using STORM. After subtraction of the length of the antibody attached to the virus particles, the diameter of Dengue virus particles measured using STORM are close to which measured using TEM. In conclusion, the authors highlight the findings of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy-based Dengue virus studies and their contributions to the understanding of Dengue virus particles. The current advances in super-resolution microscopy may open new avenues for future virology teaching and research.
Лингвокультуры Востока и Запада в когнитивном аспекте : учебная программа / С.С. Грецкая. – М. : «КДУ», «Университетская книга», 2021. – 36 с.
Authors: Грецкая С.С.
Published: November 2021

Рабочая программа дисциплины «Лингвокультуры Востока и Запада в когнитивном аспекте» предназначена для студентов направления подготовки «Лингвистика» (45.04.02), уровень подготовки – магистратура. Программа дисциплины разработана в рамках проблемного компетентностного подхода к профессиональной подготовке по профилю «Иностранные языки и межкультурная коммуникация в дипломатии и политике». Программа разработана в соответствии с актуальными требованиями ФГОС 3++ по направлению подготовки «Лингвистика» (45.04.02), а также ОС МГУ для реализуемых основных профессиональных образовательных программ высшего образования по соответствующему направлению подготовки.
Current Progress in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Cancer Immunotherapy: A Post Event Report of ICI2017
Authors: Gao Wenda
Published: November 2021

Tumor immunotherapy has entered a phase of rapid development with a shift in emphasis away from classical vaccination approaches against tumor-associated antigens (TAA) towards a focus on various strategies to modify the functions of T cells, as well as to understand and modulate the immunosuppressive nature of tumor microenvironment (TME). With such a paradigm shift, recent international conferences such as "Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICI) Boston" provided unparalleled depth of insights on factors that influence combination efficacy, role of TME, identification of translational biomarkers, latest preclinical modeling approaches, as well as the scientific rationale of targeting novel immune checkpoint pathways. Here I summarize some of the highlights at ICI2017.
The Influence On Bodyweight In Male Mice (Mus Musculus) Induced By Monosodium Glutamate (Msg)
Authors: Sari Pane Yunita
Published: November 2021

The used of monosodium glutamate (MSG) oftenly found in almost every food that we consumed everyday. It suggested that MSG can increase appetite, can caused intake much foods, and increased the bodyweight. The aim of study is to prove the changes that occur in male mice by induce of MSG. The experimental study used 24 male mice, 30-45 gram, 12-14 weeks divided into 4 groups, ie group-I (negative control/placebo given aquadest 0.2 cc/20gBW mice); group-II, MSG with the dose of 5 mg/gBW mice); group-III, MSG with the dose of 10 mg/gBW mice and group-IV, MSG with the dose of 20 mg/gBW mice. All of these treatments were administered orally for 14 days. Permanent cervical fracture execution was performed at the end of the study. The body weight measured in pre and post treatment. The significant difference of data between different groups was compared by ANOVA followed by Tukey test. The compared of between pre –post treatment used paired test to analyze the changes of bodyweight This study proved that the comparison of mean values ± SEM of body weight between groups were not significantly different; group I (39,83±3,26), group II (39,33±2,04), group III (38,00±1,39) and group IV (38,33±1,76) (p = 0.930) and the changes of bodyweight pre and post treatmen also not significantly different, whereas p > 0.05. The study concluded that no changes in the body weight between groups and pasca induced by MSG. In the future studies, we consider to examining the effects MSG with longer of duration and more variations doses in MSG.
Hiding Shame in Science and Scholarship
Authors: Scheff Thomas
Published: November 2021

Modern societies tend to ignore emotion, especially the emotion of shame. But for that reason, shame especially may become important to understand. Beginning with Norbert Elias and Helen B.
Cerebral Empyema Complicating a Dental Abscess
Authors: Mohamed Lazraq , Abdelhak Bensaid , Youssef Miloudi , Najib Elharrar
Published: November 2021

Cervico-facial cellulitis can cause serious complications including neuro-meningeal infections. Among these neuro-meningeal infections are intracranial empyemas, which are rarer than brain abscesses. We report the case of a young patient of 25 years, immunocompetent, having presented a cerebral empyema secondary to diffuse cervicofacial cellulitis of dental origin. The diagnosis was suspected in the presence of cervicofacial cellulitis, febrile meningeal syndrome and consciousness disorder, confirmation was reported by brain MRI. The evolution was favorable after the recourse to the surgical treatment.
The Concept of Minimalist Interventions in General Medicine: Minimum Means, Maximum Effect
Authors: Turabian Jose Luis
Published: November 2021

Practical work requires deepening in the theory. In this way, the intention of this article is to systematize the concept of "minimal interventions", as well as draw attention to the impact that this type of interventions of the general practitioner can have on the patient, however small and insignificant, their action may seem. The doctor-patient relationship creates contexts that act, in one way or another, on the patient. There is no absence of medical intervention, even when there is no conscious intervention of the doctor on the patient. Non-intervention is a type of intervention. Non-intervention is a bio-fiction. The different types of doctor-patient relationship give rise, naturally, perhaps imperceptibly, to different models of educational intervention. In this scenario, a conceptualization and systematization of the "micro-interventions" in general medicine is presented: minimal, imperceptible, briefs, low cost, zen, human size, opportunistic, small and mild, but continuous interventions. These micro-interventions are cost-effective no matter how small and insignificant their action seems. These minimal interventions of the general practitioner are of great importance and constitute an updated form of the "less is more" rationalist, they express the power of the minimum gesture in general / family medicine, and can transform health / disease on a large scale. In this way we can hypothesize a plausible relationship between the minimal but concentrated and powerful means, that is to say "contextualized", and the intensity of the effect in general medicine. The clarity of the reading of a message depends on the appreciation of the context; what counts is not what, but how. The context highlights or "pulls" the message. Many small people, in small places, doing small things, can change the world.
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width/Hemoglobin Ratio Correlate with Severity of Clinical Status in Residents of Long-term Geriatric and Palliative Care
Authors: E. Naschitz Jochanan , Yalonetzki Igor , Leibovitz Gregory , Zaigraykin Nathalia
Published: November 2021

Background: The red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a simple measure of red blood cell size heterogeneity. A high degree of anisocytosis, expressed by RDW >15%, is observed in certain anemias, but also in other disorders, where RDW >15% is associated with worse prognosis. We questioned whether the RDW/hemoglobin ratio (RDW/Hb) might closer relate to disease severity than RDW. Design: Cross sectional study Patients: 76 residents of two Department of Comprehensive Nursing Care. Method: Physicians classified the patients according to their clinical status in three groups: "stable", “severe-unstable”, and "intermediate". An outside observer extracted from the patients' files the results of RDW (elevated if >15%), hemoglobin, iron, and transferrin. The RDW (%)/Hb (g/dL) ratio and tansferrin saturation (TSAT) were computed. The associations between RDW, RDW/Hb, TSAT, and the patients' clinical status were assessed. Results: In residents of Department A, RDW >15% was found in 33% of 19 stable patients, in 58% of 10 patients with intermediate severity, and in 81% of 10 patients classified severe-unstable. The RDW/Hb ratio >1.4 was found in 24% of stable patients, in 73% with intermediate severity, and in 93% of the severe-unstable patients. In Department B, 36 out of 38 patient's were classified stable: in 61.2 % the RDW was >15% and in 38% the RDW/Hb was >1.4. Conclusions: In a heterogenic population presenting multimorbidity, the RDW and to a higher degree the RDW/Hb (p <0.00001), correlated with the patients' disease severity.
Development of colon targeted matrix tablets of Metformin HCl using various concentration of selected polymers
Authors: Goli Swathi
Published: November 2021

The aim of the present study was to develop colon targeted matrix tablets of Metformin HCl using various conc. of selected polymers such as HPMC, Ethyl Cellulose Guar gum and combination of the same. Tablets were prepared by direct compression method and both pre-compression and post- compression parameters for all batches shows in the acceptable ranges. Short term accelerated stability studies was performed according to ICH guidelines temperature of 400±20 and relative humidity of 75%±5% RH to study any physical changes and chemical decomposition of drug, no formulation shown any physical or chemical changes. The compatibility of drugs, polymers and excipients were determined by FT-IR Spectroscopy results showed that the drug was compatible with polymers and all excipients. Dissolution studies were performed for 12 hours study in 1.2 pH for first 2 hrs then in 7.4 pH for next 3hrs followed by 6.8pH phosphate buffer at the temperature of 37±0.50C at 100rpm. The dissolution data so obtained was fitted to various mathematical kinetic models and the drug release followed mixed order and Higuchi’s model. To study release mechanism of drug from matrices the data were fitted to Koresmeyer-Peppas model and the release. In –vitro release profile of Metformin HCl from various polymers showed that drug increasing the conc. of polymers resulted in reduction in the release rate of drug (MTF1 to MTF12). Formulation containing combination of E.C-G.G, HPMC-G.G and E.C-HPMC showed drug release profile for MTF-12 about 38.72% after 12 hrs, MTF-11 about 40.66% after 12 hrs, for MTF-10 about 45.45% after 12 hrs. This is an indicative of retardation of drug release when polymer combination was changed. Results showed that the tablets with higher binding concentration showed minimum drug release. Combination of polymers shows greater retarding of drug release.
Modifield Desarda Repair and Hernioplastia Lichtenstein Repair for Inguinal Hernia
Authors: Lòpez Rodrìguez Pedro Rolando , Garcia Castillo Eduardo , Leòn Gonzàlez Olga Caridad , Satorre Rocha Jorge Agustin , Marrero Quiala Luis , Ceruto Ortiz Lais Angèlica
Published: November 2021

Introduction: The objective of this study is to compare the outcomes of Modified Desarda repair no mesh and Lichtenstein repair for inguinal hernia. Methods: This is a prospective randomized controlled trial study of 1342 patients having 1394 hernias operated from January 2008 to December 2020. 690 patients were operated using Lichtenstein repair and 652 using Desarda repair. The demographie data (Age,Sex) , hernia type and location , anesthetic , operative time , postoperative pain and complications were analysed. Results: There were no significant differences regarding age, sex, location, type of hernia, and pain in both the groups. The operation time was 52 minutes in Modified Desarda group and 42 minutes in the Lichtenstein group that is significant (p<0.05). The recurrence was 0.0 % in Modified Desarda group and 0.28 % in Lichtenstein group. But, there were 9 cases of infection to the polypropylene mesh in the Lichtenstein group, 2 of this required re-exploration. The morbidity was also significantly more in Lichtenstein group (7,6 %) as compared to Modified Desarda group (3.8 %). The mean time to return to work in the Modified Desarda group was 8.26 days while a mean of 12.58 days was in the Lichtenstein group. The mean hospital stay was 29 hrs. in Modified Desarda group while it was 49 hours in the Lichtenstein group in those patients who were hospitalized. Conclusions: The modified Desarda repair scores significantly on Lichtenstein repair in most of all aspects, including reexplorations and morbidity. Modified Desarda repair is a better option compared to Lichtenstein repair.
Once weekly semaglutide for treatment of obesity
Authors: Mikhail Nasser
Published: November 2021

Background: Once weekly (OW) semaglutide 0.5-1.0 mg is a glucagon-like type-1 receptor agonist (GLR-1 RA) approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes and is currently under evaluation for treatment of obesity at a higher dose of 2.4 mg OW. Objective: to provide an appraisal of WO semaglutide 2.4 mg for treatment of obesity. Methods: Pubmed research up to March 22. Randomized trials, pertinent animal studies, and reviews are included. Search terms were glucagon-like type 1 receptor agonists, weight loss, obesity, semaglutide, safety, efficacy. Results: WO semaglutide 2.4 mg was evaluated as a weight loss agent in 3 well-designed clinical trials of 68 week-duration. In one trial including patients with type 2 diabetes, the difference in weight loss from baseline to week 68 between OW semaglutide and placebo was - 6.2 percentage points (95% CI, -7.3 to -5.2; P<0.0001). In the other 2 studies that excluded patients with diabetes, the difference in weight loss between OW semaglutide and placebo ranged between -10.3% and -12.4%. A significantly higher proportion of participants in the semaglutide groups vs placebo groups achieved at least 5% of weight loss. The most common adverse effects of semaglutide were related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Across these 3 trials, premature discontinuation of OW semaglutide occurred in 6-7% vs 3% in placebo groups. Conclusions: OW semaglutide may be a promising agent for treatment of obesity irrespective of presence of type 2 diabetes. Further studies are needed to establish its long-term safety and efficacy.
HPLC-DAD multi-residue method for determination of florfenicol, penicillin and tetracycline residues in raw cow milk
Authors: Jaber Ali , Zahreddine Zeinab , Haidar Simon Abou , Hosri Chadi , Ibrahim Ghassan , Cheble Edmond
Published: November 2021

The existence of antibiotic residues in edible products constitutes a health problem to the consumers. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (HPLC–DAD) was optimized and validated for the simultaneous determination of florfenicol (FF), penicillin (PE), and tetracycline (TC) residues in dairy raw milk samples. The determination of these antibiotics was carried out on HP-ODS Hypersil C18 (5μm, 125*4 mm) column at a flow rate (1mL/min) and temperature (35 ⁰C). The extraction method includes deproteinization of the milk sample followed by a solid-phase extraction (SPE) clean-up. The method was validated according to the European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and the International Conference of Harmonization Guidelines. The recoveries for the studied antibiotics ranged from 82–111.54 % making the method suitable for performing routine analysis. The proposed method was applied for the analysis of antibiotic residues in 50 dairy raw milk samples collected from many regions in Lebanon. The results showed the occurrence of these antibiotics residues in milk collected from different Lebanese regions. The numbers indicate that 22 % of milk samples were found to be positive for FF, 42 % for PE, and 28 % for TC residues.
Scientific Studies on Ochradenus Aucheri Boiss
Authors: Kamil Mohammad , Ahmad F. , Abdallah M.T.
Published: November 2021

Ochradenus aucheri Boiss. (Jesh) belonging to family Resedaceae usually found in sandy areas, hillsides, and mountains. Common in southern and eastern Iran to Pakistan and Muscat. Very common throughout mountains at lower elevation and on alluvial gravels in the northern Emirates. Rapidly colonizes new roadsides, e.g. around Hatta (Western, 1989). Unripe fruits eaten as treatment for digestive problems
Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Global Economy
Authors: N.S. Lustov
Published: November 2021

The article describes the global trends that characterize the development of the economy in 2020. The main economic results of 2020 are presented. Conclusions are drawn regarding the main trends in 2020 due to the coronavirus pandemic. The points of view of foreign and domestic researchers on the pandemic and its consequences are presented.
Enterocutaneous fistula; Management Challenges,Areterospective Review of 11 Patients Treated in our Institute
Authors: Ishaq Aliya , Husain Khan Muhammad Jamshaid , shadab khan Muhammad , Ishaq Mariya , Parveen Abida , Latif Atif , Khurshaidi Nadeem , Soomro Rufina
Published: November 2021

Enterocutaneous fistula is a local pathology and systemic disorder. OBJECTIVES: To analyze postoperative outcomes, morbidity, and mortality in patients treated for enterocutaneous fistula in our institute for past 18 months. DESIGN, SETINGS AND PATIENTS: Reterospective review of records of patients presented to Liaquat national university hospital Karachi, Pakistan between Jan 2010 to June 2011 with diagnosis of EC fistula. RESULTS: A total of eleven patients presented with diagnosis of enterocutaneous fistula in our institute in specified duration. Mean age at presentation was 33 years with amle to female ratio of 3:1.72.7 % had high output fistula and 27.2 % had low output fistula. Small bowel was involved in 72.7%, large bowel in 18.18% and 9.0% had both small and large bowel fistula.45.45% patients had single fistula while 54.55 had multiple fistula. Total length of stay varied between 22-150 days .6/11 (54.54%) had nosocomial infection, 3/11(27.27%) had bed sores.2/11(18.18%) had TPN related complications.Spontaneous closure occurred in 8/11(72.77) patients and definitive surgical closure was performed in one patient. Mortality rate was 18.8 %. CONCLUSION: Enterocutaneous fistula is a devastating outcome for both surgeons and patients, sytemetic timely multidisciplinary approach can save lives.
Characteristics of the Wells Score and Associated Factors of Pulmonary Embolisms in Inpatients with Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Boonchai Sarayuth , Akaraborworn Osaree
Published: November 2021

Objective: To evaluate the characteristics of the Wells score and associated factors of acute pulmonary embolisms (PE) in surgical-based inpatients’ with acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT), at Songklanagarind Hospital.Material and Methods: Acute DVT inpatients in the departments of surgery, obstetrics-gynecology and orthopedics; from 2010 to 2016, were extracted from medical records, and retrospectively reviewed. The Wells score was calculated for risk stratification in terms of low, moderate, and high probability. Finally, the associated factors of acute PE were assessed.Results: There were 278 inpatients diagnosed with acute DVT in the surgery (n=142), obstetrics-gynecology (n=101, and orthopedics (n=35) wards. The numbers of low, moderate and high risk probability were 4 (1.0%), 141 (51.0%) and 133 (48.0%), respectively. We identified four factors that were significantly different between the three specialties comprising of: “paralysis, paresis, or recent plaster immobilization of the lower extremities”, “recently bedridden or underwent a major surgical procedure”, “leg edema” and “active cancer”. Regarding the surgery service, patients with acute PE experienced a higher rate of bilateral DVT than those who did not—28.0% and 8.0%, respectively.Conclusion: The low-risk probability determined by Wells score had low incidence of acute DVT in in-patient department settings. Acute bilateral DVT was more significantly associated with acute PE in the surgery service.
Spontaneous Termination of Spinal Myoclonus after Spinal Anesthesia: A Case Report
Authors: Puetpaiboon Asamaporn , Amornpojnimman Thanyalak
Published: November 2021

Spinal myoclonus following neuraxial anesthesia isextremely rare. Herein, wereport onacase of spinal myoclonus after spinal anesthesia for elective colpocleisis with perineorrhaphy, in a 71-year-old woman. Sudden, brief, repetitive, and rhythmic hyperkinetic movement in both legs developed two hours after spinal injection with hyperbaric bupivacaine; which then spontaneously resolved after 45 minutes without leaving any neurologic deficit.
The use of hyaluronic acid preparations for the treatment of osteoarthritis of the major joints
Authors: Kalashnikov O , Sulyma O , Osadchuk T , Zayets V , Nizalov T , Kozak R , Chernyak P
Published: November 2021

The authors of the article analyzed the experience of domestic and foreign experts in the effectiveness of the use of HA preparations in the treatment of osteoarthritis of major joints. Background  and  Objective. To analyze the literature sources in order to determine the effectiveness of the use of HA preparations in the treatment of osteoarthritis of major ligaments. Materials and methods. Articles in specialized scientific journals and collections, Internet resource.Results. The analysis of literature sources determined the important role of HA preparations in the supplying and functioning of the articular cartilage. Researchers are inclined to believe that the ideal HA preparation should be as close as possible to the physiological HA of the synovial fluid of the joint. The developed domestic drug Artro-Patch fully corresponds to these parameters. Conclusions. The use of modern injectable HA preparations is advisable at stages 1–3 of OA. Anti-inflammatory effect of HA preparations makes it possible to reduce the dose and time of administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and, as a consequence, reduce the risk of developing many adverse side effects of NSAIDs. The high level of safety of HA preparations, the absence of serious side effects during their long-term use determine their widespread use in the clinical practice of modern orthopedists.
Free vibration of piezoelectric FGM sandwich beam with porous core embedded in thermal environment and elastic foundation
Authors: Hung Tran Quang , Tu Tran Minh , Duc Do Minh
Published: November 2021

This paper aims to present thermo-electrical free vibration characteristics of functionally graded material (FGM) sandwich beam placed on the two-parameter elastic foundation. The beam is constructed of a foam core, two middle FGM layers, and two outer piezoelectric layers. It is assumed that the beam is subjected to a constant voltage and a uniform/linear temperature distribution. Physical properties of the core and two middle layers vary smoothly through the thickness according to the cosine and power-law forms, respectively. Lagrange equations in conjunction with the Reddy third-order beam theory is employed to derive the governing equations of motion. A simple polynomial trial function-based Ritz method is adopted for the approximation of the displacement field to obtain the vibration response. The correctness of the study is verified by comparisons with other authors’ published results. Influences of geometry parameters, material property distribution, applied voltage, elastic foundation, temperature distribution, temperature change, porosity coefficient, span-to-height ratio, and boundary conditions are investigated through parametric studies.
Finite element modelling of rectangular concrete-filled steel tube stub columns incorporating high strength and ultra-high strength materials under concentric axial compression
Authors: Son Thai , Ngo-Huu Cuong , Thuat Dinh Van
Published: November 2021

This study presents a unified approach to simulate the behavior of rectangular concrete-filled steel stub columns incorporating high strength and ultra-high strength materials subjected to concentric axial compression. The finite element model is developed based on Abaqus software, which is capable of accounting for geometrical nonlinearity, material plasticity, and interaction between multi-physics. The proposed model incorporates the influences of residual stress for welded-box steel sections and initial imperfection. A novel stress-strain relation of confined concrete is proposed to account for the composite action, which might increase the strength and ductility of infilled concrete under multi-axial compressive conditions. Various verification examples are conducted with wide ranges of geometrical and material properties. The simulation results show that the proposed model can accurately predict the ultimate strength, load-deformation relations, and failure mode of the experimental specimens.
“Reconstructing Sensible Experience” as an Imperative of Thought. Reflections on Boris Pasternak’s Poetic Experience
Authors: Podoroga Ioulia
Published: November 2021

I suggest that the quote used in the title — the words of Valery Alexandrovich Podoroga — should be seen as an invitation to a certain thought procedure, without which it is probably impossible to fully understand the tasks that the Mimesis project or, more broadly, the analytical anthropology of literature sets for itself. The paper examines whether it is possible to transfer certain analytical strategies developed in Mimesis into the domain of poetic expression. Therefore, I seek to understand Pasternak's poetic experience as, first of all, sensible experience, i. e. the one based on the primary structure of impressions and emotional, bodily-unconscious reactions that determine his relation to the world. The first part of the paper formulates the criteria under which Pasternak's poetry is likely to become the object of the proposed analytical strategy: the problem of time, Pasternak's peculiar Bergsonism, and the poet’s attitude to poetic language and, above all, to metaphor as an instrument of knowledge. The second part of the article deals with Pasternak's first prose sketches, where I discuss the idea of "will-to-a-form" and its subsequent removal, or better "displacement by feeling," — a strategy described by Pasternak himself as underlying his poetic imagery.
How to Build a Linkage between High-Quality Assurance Production System and Production Support Automated System
Authors: Sakai Hirohisa
Published: November 2021

To maintain the planned production volume for potential disaster, the Japanese manufacturing industry needs to develop and rebuilt the global product that is to strengthen QCD (Quality, Cost, and Delivery). The keys to fulfilling this need are automated facility, human skills to operate the facility (production operator), and a production system incorporated with production data systems that activate the facility and human system subject to each overseas plant conditions. Therefore, the author has created a new system that ensures the necessity of building a new production system for global production, eliminates ambiguity among the processes of production planning, production preparation, production and process control, and formalizes and builds the linkage among the processes. This paper is to reveal the effectiveness of the above-specified objectives of the newly created systems. Especially the highly accurate robot production system has been tested and confirmed at Toyota Motor Corporation.
¿Cómo avanzar en los nuevos neuroderechos y en su regulación?
Authors: Barcia Lehmann Rodrigo , Bedecarratz Scholz Francisco Javier , Contreras Vásquez Pablo , Díaz Fuenzalida, Juan Pablo , Díaz Tolosa, Regina Ingrid , Espinoza Rausseo Alexander , López Hernández Hernán , Lucas Garín Andrea , Rivas Alberti Jhenny , Peredo Rojas Marcela Inés , Ruz Lártiga Gonzalo
Published: November 2021

El vertiginoso avance de la ciencia y tecnología, sumado al afán de proteger los derechos de las personas, han llevado a un grupo de senadores a iniciar mociones sobre materias relacionadas con los nuevos neuroderechos. En concreto, los honorables senadores señor Girardi, señora Goic y señores Chahuán, Coloma y De Urresti, han presentado, por un lado, un Proyecto de reforma constitucional que modifica el artículo 19, número 1°, de la Carta Fundamental, para proteger la integridad y la indemnidad mental con relación al avance de las neurotecnologías (Boletín Nº 13827-19); y, por otro, un Proyecto de ley sobre protección de los neuroderechos y la integridad mental, y el desarrollo de la investigación y las neurotecnologías (Boletín Nº 13828-19). Ambos documentos de los congresistas datan del 7 de octubre de 2020, pasando en misma fecha a la Comisión de Desafíos del Futuro, Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación, la que a fines de noviembre del mismo año ha dado respaldo a las ideas matrices.
Facultades de Derecho e Ingeniería y Negocios reunieron a estudiantes y egresados en conversatorio “Protección de datos y Patrimonio Digital”
Authors: López Hernández Hernán
Published: November 2021

Con el objetivo de tratar el tema de la seguridad informática desde la perspectiva jurídica, criminalística e informática, la Facultad de Derecho y la Facultad de Ingeniería y Negocios reunió a estudiantes, egresados y profesionales de ambas áreas en torno al conversatorio “Protección de datos y Patrimonio Digital”.
Enhancing the Security of Fiber Optical Network using Cryptography
Authors: Sachdeva Sheenu , Dinesh
Published: November 2021

An optical fiber is an important communication channel as it proposes a high bandwidth and less attenuation, and can be easy challenging assistances such as huge-quality data transmission and others in computer networks. The basic optical transmission system consists of three basic elements which are fiber media (transmission channel), light sources as the input (covert electric signal into optic signal) and light detector as the output (convert optic signal into electric signal). FBG is the key component in optical communication system as, dispersion compensators, filters and flatteners gain. There is need to introduce mechanism that should be capable to provide data security in less time. More over there is need to introduce energy efficient mechanism that should be capable to reduce the size of packet during data transmission. There are several problems that are faced due to attenuation in fiber optics. There is need of repeater in order to regenerate the signals. Process working principle of proposed technique that is being used enhancement of security in steganography has been discussed with process flow and result. It states how brute force and timing attack are not applicable on proposed technique.
Impact of MAC Layer on The Hidden and Exposed Terminal Problem in MANET
Authors: Kumar Krishan , Poonam
Published: November 2021

Wireless networking grows rapidly because of the human desires for mobility and for freedom from tethers, i.e., from physical connections to communication networks. Recent advances in wireless technology have equipped portable computers, such as notebook computers and personal digital assistants with wireless interfaces that allow networked communication even while a user is mobile. We will focus on a particular kind of wireless network: mobile ad hoc networks. A mobile ad hoc network is a self organizing and rapidly deployable network in which neither a wired backbone nor a centralized control exists. The network nodes communicate with one another over scarce wireless channels in a multi-hop fashion. The ad hoc network is adaptable to the highly dynamic topology resulted from the mobility of network nodes and the changing propagation conditions. Generally, protocols used at medium access and physical layers of ad hoc networks are similar to those used in infrastructure based wireless networks. It is a common practise in infrastructure based wireless networks to use pre-data exchange of control information to eliminate the hidden terminal" problem.