bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EXPLORING THE EFFECTS OF VIGOROUS INTERVAL TRAINING, MODERATE RESISTANCE TRAINING AND PILATES ON ARTERIAL STIFFNESS AND BLOOD PRESSURE DURING PREGNANCY: A RANDOMISED CROSS-OVER TRIAL
Authors: Giles Courtney , Beetham Dr Kassia , Spathis Dr Jemima , Johnston Dr Rich , Baker Associate Professor Michael
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION

Regular moderate intensity exercise throughout pregnancy provides significant benefits to both maternal and foetal cardiovascular health outcomes. Current exercise guidelines recommend a combination of moderate intensity aerobic and resistance training (RT). However, there is limited research exploring the cardiovascular effects of higher intensities (vigorous/high) in comparison to common pregnancy exercise modalities such as RT and Pilates (PIL). AIM: To investigate the acute effects of three modes of exercise (resistance, vigorous aerobic intervals and Pilates) during trimester two (T2) and three (T3) of pregnancy on measures of arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity [PWV]) and blood pressure (BP).

METHODS

Eleven women with uncomplicated pregnancies (age 32 ± 3 years, pre-pregnancy BMI 23.9 ± 3.5 kg/m2) completed testing in T2 (average 20 ± 1.6 weeks gestation) and T3 (average 29 ± 2.5 weeks gestation). Participants performed one each of vigorous intensity interval training (VIIT) (∼33 min), resistance training (RT) (∼35 min) and Pilates (PIL) (∼35 min) in T2 and T3 in randomised order approximately 1 week apart each trimester. Resting outcome measures of PWV, BP and foetal heart rate (FHR) were obtained following 5 minutes of rest and again immediately and 10 minutes post exercise session. BP, maternal heart rate (MHR), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were monitored throughout.

RESULTS

There was no difference in the acute PWV response to each type of exercise across the trimesters (1 min VIIT: T2 = 5.53 ± 0.85m/s, T3 = 5.26 ± 0.67m/s, 95%CI[-1.36-0.67]; RT: T2 = 5.4 ± 0.80m/s, T3 = 5.48 ± 0.56m/s, 95%CI[-0.88-1.10]; PIL: T2 = 5.44 ± 0.68m/s, T3 = 5.44 ± 0.68m/s, 95%CI[-0.93-1.01]). There was no significant difference in the acute response in SBP to VIIT (T2 = 116 ± 12.1mmHg, T3 = 122 ± 7.2mmHg, 95%CI[-0.42 - 1.65]. SBP was significantly higher in T3 than T2 1 minute following PIL (T2 = 110 ± 5.8mmHg, T3 = 121 ± 11.7mmHg, 95%CI[0.04-2.1]) and 10 minutes following RT (T2 = 105 ± 10.1mmHg, T3 = 116 ± 5.0mmHg, 95%CI[0.27 - 2.46].

CONCLUSION

VIIT, RT and PIL appear to elicit similar post-exercise haemodynamic and arterial stiffness responses in both the mother and foetus. As such, VIIT may be a suitable addition to standard moderate intensity and RT prescription during an uncomplicated pregnancy.
IMPROVING MENTAL HEALTH, PAIN AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PERSONS LIVING WITH OSTEOPOROSIS AND DEPRESSION OR ANXIETY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Fitzgerald Caroline , Burley Dr Claire , Wright Dr Kemi , McLeod Dr Kelly , Parmenter A/Prof Belinda
Published: May 2024

Osteoporosis (OP) is a progressive, age-related condition impacting approximately 3.8% of Australians. OP is associated with increased psychological distress, increased pain and decreased quality of life. Correlations exist between OP and psychological distress, with people living with OP three times more likely to experience very high levels of psychological distress compared to those without. Emerging evidence suggests a connection between bone loss and depressive symptoms. For people living with OP, depression and/or anxiety, increasing physical activity is recommended to improve overall health outcomes. Currently, no guidelines for exercise recommendations exist for people living with these co-occurring conditions. The aim of this systematic review is to identify the most effective physical activity intervention to improve mental and physical health, quality of life and pain in people with co-occurring OP and symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. The research question, eligibility criteria and search strategy were developed, and peer reviewed by the research team, and the search was registered through PROSPERO (CRD42023440020). A systematic search of the following databases was conducted using the Cochrane Highly Sensitive Search Strategy for identifying randomized trials and Polyglot search translator: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, Scopus & Web of Science. From 7,405 results, 2,372 were excluded as duplicates leaving 5,033. Covidence was used to screen by title and abstract, with a further 5,009 excluded based on study design, population and outcome measures. Full-text screening by two researchers (CF & KM) led to 19 studies included for data extraction, with 5 excluded based on population (OP diagnosis), questionnaire validity and availability of data. Data extraction and analysis is currently underway with results to be presented at the conference. Findings will be used to design and implement a tailored lifestyle intervention program for people living with OP and symptoms of anxiety and/or depression.

This research has been generously funded by the Estate of the Late Faye Patricia Williams.
COMPARING THE EFFECTS OF AROMATASE INHIBITORS AND SELECTIVE OESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS ON BODY COMPOSITION, EXERCISE TOLERANCE AND MARKERS OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN FEMALES WITH BREAST CANCER
Authors: Alexander Dr Sarah , Foulkes Stephen J , Haykowsky Mark J , Antill Yoland , Nightingale Sophie , Burnham Lauren , Daly Robin M , Fraser Steve F , Gerche Andre La , Howden Erin
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION

Adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) blocks the action of estrogens and is commonly prescribed in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Given the putative cardioprotective role of estrogens in females, AET may exacerbate the negative metabolic side-effects of anthracycline chemotherapy. This study examined the early effects of combined anthracycline chemotherapy and AET on body composition, exercise tolerance and markers of cardiovascular risk in a cohort of females with breast cancer.

METHODS

This was a secondary analysis of the BReast cancer EXercise InTervention (BREXIT) Trial. Females with breast cancer (n=105, aged 51 ± 8 years, BMI 27.4 ± 5.1, mean ± SD) scheduled for anthracycline chemotherapy participated in this study. Aerobic exercise capacity, body composition, physical function, and blood pressure were measured before anthracycline treatment and after 4- and 12-months follow-up. Linear mixed models assessed whether aromatase inhibitors (AI) or selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMS) affected exercise tolerance, body composition and markers of cardiovascular risk compared to non-endocrine breast cancer treatments.

RESULTS

Twelve months of anthracycline treatment combined with AI or SERMs decreased total body lean mass by 1.4 kg (2%; interaction p=0.01) and 1kg (1%; interaction p=0.16) respectively, when compared to non-endocrine therapies. There were trends for AET to decrease total fat (-1.5%, interaction p=0.05) and android fat (-2.3%, interaction p=0.07) mass compared to non-endocrine therapy after 12 months. AIs significantly increased both systolic (5.8mmHg, interaction p=0.05) and diastolic (4.0mmHg, interaction p=0.05) blood pressure after 12 months of treatment compared to SERMs or non-endocrine therapies. There was no effect of either AET or SERMS on VO2peak, leg press or seated row 1RM, 30 second sit to stand or handgrip strength.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

Short-term treatment with adjuvant endocrine therapies may accelerate muscle loss and increase blood pressure compared to non-endocrine therapies. However, these changes were not associated with worsening of physical function.
FREQUENCY OF POST-EXERTIONAL MALAISE AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITH POST ACUTE SEQUELAE OF SARS-COV-2 INFECTION
Authors: Burnham Lauren , Howden Erin , Dillon Hayley , Smith Joel , Marwick Professor Tom , Alexander Dr Sarah , Whitmore Kristyn , Silvaruiz Catalina , Shultz Martin
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION AND AIM

Post acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) is a multifaceted disorder with varying symptoms. Fatigue is commonly reported; however, it is unclear if similarities exist between PASC and myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). We sought to determine the frequency of post-exertional malaise in individuals with PASC; a hallmark symptom of ME/CFS.

METHODS

116 participants (Age: 53.4±8.4, 36% Male) were identified to have PASC through medical screening. The Duke Activity Status Index (DASI) subjectively evaluated functional capacity, and participants achieving <100% of age and sex defined norms were eligible for the study. Participants attended one of three sites across Victoria and Tasmania to complete Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET). Two days post CPET they were asked to complete the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire (DSQ) post-exertional malaise (PEM). PEM was defined as a score ≥ 2 for frequency and severity on DSQ-PEM items 1-5. A personalised exercise rehabilitation program is currently underway for participants, with results on responses to training to be available at the time of the conference.

RESULTS

106 (91%) of the participants who completed a CPET achieved less than 85% of predicted relative VO2peak (21.79±5.72ml.min-1.kg-1). The DSQ-PEM questionnaire was completed in 75% (n=79) of participants. Among these individuals 78% (n=62) met the threshold for PEM. The PEM group were older (53±8 vs 48±8 years, p=0.04), had higher BMI (30.5±7.6 vs 26.7±3.9kg.m2, p=0.02), lower VO2peak (21.6±5.7 vs 25.6±5.4ml.min-1.kg-1, p=0.01) and six-minute walk distance (491±131 vs 583±112m, p=0.02). There was a similar proportion of men and women between both groups.

CONCLUSION

Like with ME/CFS, PEM is a common symptom in PASC. Additionally, these individuals are more deconditioned than PASC sufferers without PEM. Thus, practitioners should carefully consider the impact of PEM and deconditioning when developing rehabilitation programs.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEXT ESSA RESEARCH STRATEGY
Authors: Curtis Ali , Powell Judy , Muir Jess
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION

The generation and use of research is a function within ESSA and the first research strategy was developed for the period 2018 - 2021. Research program activities are diverse. ESSA has hosted the Research Committee and the Publications Committee for 5 years. ESSA has facilitated the development of member-driven Guidelines, Consensus and Position Statements for use by professionals in practice. ESSA has hosted an annual Research Grant Program and a biannual scientific conference. This paper outlines the research strategy development project.

METHODS

The previous strategy delivered research grants and ESSA publications. Investments were made into administration and research governance including release of the ESSA Research Publications Development Guideline. Consultation on the development of the next Research Strategy included presentations and surveys to engage members, key stakeholders and staff about: the program; the key strategy pillars; principles; and actions. Actions were assessed for feasibility and priority.

RESULTS

The outcomes of the consultation on the ESSA Research Strategy 2023-2026 identified four pillars of capacity building, engagement, translation and data, and research for policy and practice priorities. The use of research publications by ESSA accredited professionals and industry will be guided by a translation framework, aligning with the objectives of the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Translation Strategy 2022-2025, the resources of the National Centre of Implementation Science and the ESSA Strategic Plan. This will support members to leverage research findings, to encourage researchers to develop translation collateral and to implement new research results. The strategy will have actions, references and tools to help accredited professionals to engage in research translation.

CONCLUSIONS

The Research Strategy and translation framework will be outlined. The paper will include examples relating to physical activity. ESSA’s next Research Strategy is to further support research generation and use by ESSA accredited professionals, staff and the industry.
THE EFFECTS OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC HYPOXIC PLYOMETRIC EXERCISE ON POST ACTIVATION POTENTIATION
Authors: Coskun Dr Betul , Hamlin Prof Michael J.
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION

In the literature, only acute effects of exercise, mostly combined with plyometrics or blood flow restriction (BFR), have been examined on post-activation-potentiation (PAP). Although systemic and local hypoxia have some similar effects, we found only one study (Ramos-Campo et al., 2020) reporting a PAP effect with systemic hypoxia. There is no study investigating chronic effects, and there is also no study examining acute and chronic effects of exercise together, not only in hypoxia but also in normoxia. The aim of this study is to examine the acute and chronic effects of plyometric exercise in hypoxia on PAP, and to test differences between high and low hypoxia.

METHOD

Nineteen team-sports athletes undertook 8-week drop-jump (DJ) training in Low-Hypoxia (LH, n=8), Normoxia (N, n=6), and High-Hypoxia (HH, n=5) using a hypoxicator set using a biofeedback system to sustain a SpO2 of 90%, 97-100%, and 80%, respectively. PAP assessments were applied under both normoxia and hypoxia on different days. Two DJ trials from 40-cm height were obtained as baseline measurements, and then 7.5 min passive rest was given under each group’s hypoxia level. Following 1x5 DJs for pre-test, and 1x8 DJs for post-test as PAP protocol, DJ tests were applied at 2nd and 4th min.

RESULTS

RM-ANOVA, to assess acute effect, showed a significant conditionxtest interaction (F=3.40, p=0.044), and only under normoxia condition DJ-height was significantly higher at 2nd (31.7cm) and 4th min (31.6cm) than baseline (30.1cm)(p<0.05). For chronic effect, mixed-ANOVA represented a significant groupxtest interaction (F=2.70, p=0.048). Only HH significantly increased DJ-height from baseline (30.0cm) to 2nd (31.9cm) and 4th min (32.9cm) (p<0.05).

CONCLUSION

We conclude that while acute hypoxia drop jump exercise may damage net balance between potentiation and fatigue which occurred after conditioning activity, high hypoxia drop jump training may affect this balance in favour of potentiation without any condition difference.
KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTS TO HELP EXERCISE PROFESSIONALS IMPLEMENT EXERCISE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PEOPLE WITH BONE METASTASES: CO-DESIGN OF A HEALTH INFORMATION FORM
Authors: Lane Kirstin N. , Bland Kelcey A. , Neil-Sztramko Sarah E. , Nadler Michelle B. , Langelier David M. , Chalmers Alana , Dinardo Rhoda , Prestley Nicole , Weller Sarah , Alibhai Shabbir M.H. , Capozzi Lauren , Papadakos Janet , McDonald Karen , Copp Jane , McNeely Margaret , Simmons Christine , Lambert Leah , Bates Alan , Campbell Kirstin L
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION

People with bone metastases have historically been advised to limit exercise due to risk of skeletal adverse events, such as bone fracture. Published recommendations by the International Bone Metastases Exercise Working Group (IBMEWG) emphasize regular exercise may benefit people with bone metastases; however, there are barriers to adopting these guidelines into clinical practice. For example, exercise professionals (EPs) report challenges obtaining necessary medical information about bone metastases to develop/design safe exercise programs. To address this, a Health Information Form (HIF) was developed using an experience-based co-design approach with three knowledge user (KU) groups: patient/family partners (PFPs), oncology healthcare providers (HCPs), and EPs. The aim of this study was to gather feedback from an international audience on the usability of the HIF.

METHODS

An online survey was advertised widely to KU groups using a social media toolkit and targeted email invitations to professional organizations. Questions included demographic information, usability of the HIF, and suggestions for dissemination. Analysis of survey responses was descriptive.

RESULTS

69 respondents from North America (71%), Europe (20%), and Australasia (9%) provided feedback on the HIF. Most were EPs (54%) or PFPs (36%), and half (54%) had some awareness of the IBMEWG exercise recommendations. 81% of respondents found the purpose of the HIF easy to understand and 77% rated the content as excellent or very good. The design was rated as excellent or very good by 62% with feedback such as “… covers a lot of areas in a way that is brief and effective”. 14 respondents suggested information that could be added to the HIF (e.g., fracture risk factors, recent surgeries).

CONCLUSION

Overall, the HIF was well received by an international audience. The feedback provided by respondents will be utilized to enhance both the design and content of the form.
A QUALITATIVE EXPLORATION OF THE EFFECT OF A METASTATIC BREAST CANCER DIAGNOSIS ON PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: Scott Dr Andrew , Walter Miss Natasha , Uwadiae Mr Monday , Alaga Mr Abdulmalik Agboola Ayodeji
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Physical activity is beneficial for people living with metastatic breast cancer, a cancer that has spread to other body parts such as liver, lungs and lymph nodes, but less is known about patient views on supporting them in an active lifestyle. Through a qualitative scope this study aimed to investigate the effect of a metastatic breast cancer diagnosis on physical activity and quality of life aiming to capture exercise motivators, barriers, and preferences to inform and introduce feasible and effective physical activity in treatment plans.

METHODS

This study involved semi-structured interviews with eight female participants from the local Metastatic Breast Cancer Support Group in Portsmouth.

RESULTS

Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted on the data, and five higher order themes were developed: (i) Life is affected by diagnosis and treatment, (ii) Limitations to being more physically active, (iii) Physical activity’s impact on quality of life, (iv) Factors supporting/enhancing physical activity and quality of life, and (v) Actions to support physical activity and quality of life. Generally, participants reported that living with metastatic breast cancer had negatively altered their quality of life, including their ability to be physically active. Perceptions of the introduction or continuation of physical activity were welcomed. Despite the benefits and factors found to support physical activity engagement several barriers were identified, such as treatment focus and exercise misconceptions.

CONCLUSION

Metastatic breast cancer impacts quality of life and the ability to be physically active, being active is generally perceived to be beneficial, and social and environmental support is important to being physically active.
The fate of bars in braided rivers
Authors: Alpheus Safiya , Hajek Elizabeth
Published: May 2024

Ancient river deposits are important archives of past landscape conditions on planetary surfaces. On Earth, they host valuable groundwater, energy resources, and carbon-storage potential. Reconstructing details of paleochannel forms and movements refines our understanding of the controls on river behavior under different climate, landcover, and tectonic conditions, and improves predictions and models of subsurface reservoirs. While studies have shown detailed connections between channel kinematics and bar-deposit architecture in meandering river systems, similar connections between braided river movements and preserved braided river deposits have not been established. Here we explore the potential for connecting braided river deposits to paleochannel movements, form, and flow conditions, and we evaluate the controls on bar preservation using synthetic stratigraphy generated with a numerical morphodynamic model. We investigate how attributes of channel morphodynamics, like channel widening or braiding intensity, impact bar deposits’ preservation, scale, geometry, and architecture. We then assess how the scale, preservation, and facies composition of bar deposits reflect formative flow conditions of the channel. Our results demonstrate that no diagnostic signature of braided channel morphodynamics is recorded in bar-deposit geometry, facies, or preservation patterns. Rather, the unique local history of thread movements combines stochastically to preserve or rework bar deposits, and the timing of channel avulsion is the dominant control on bar preservation. Our results also show that representative paleochannel flow conditions will likely be accurately reflected in aggregate observations of braid bar deposits within channel-belt sandbodies at a regional or member/formation scale. These results demonstrate the need for broad sampling and statistical approaches to subsurface prediction and paleo-flow reconstruction in ancient, braided river deposits.
Non-typical supershear rupture: fault heterogeneity and segmentation govern unilateral supershear and cascading multi-fault rupture in the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo Earthquake
Authors: Hayek Jorge , Marchandon Mathilde , Li Duo , Pousse-Beltran Lea , Hollingsworth James , Li Tao , Gabriel Alice-Agnes
Published: May 2024

Previous geodetic and teleseismic observations of the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo earthquake imply surprising but difficult-to-constrain complexity, including rupture across multiple fault segments and supershear rupture. Here, we present an integrated analysis of multi-fault 3D dynamic rupture models, high-resolution optical correlation analysis, and joint optical-InSAR slip inversion. Our preferred model, validated by the teleseismic multi-peak moment rate release, includes unilateral eastward double-onset supershear speeds and cascading rupture dynamically triggering two adjacent fault branches. We propose that pronounced along-strike variation in fracture energy, complex fault geometries, and multi-scale variable prestress drives this event's complex rupture dynamics. We illustrate how supershear transition has signatures in modeled and observed off-fault deformation. Our study opens new avenues to combine observations and models to better understand complex earthquake dynamics, including local and potentially repeating supershear episodes across immature faults or under heterogeneous stress and strength conditions, which are potentially not unusual.
Exploring brain development as a mediator for adverse childhood experiences and resilience
Authors: Tan Ivan Jia Le , Yeo Darren J.
Published: May 2024

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) refer to negative experiences between 0 – 18 years old. This period is developmentally sensitive to environmental influences and ACEs increase the risk of somatic and psychological dysfunction across the lifespan. High global prevalence makes research into its neurobiological mechanisms paramount. Outcome resilience refers to adaptive functioning post-ACEs, inferred by the ability to function within everyday environments. This study inferred outcome resilience from adaptive functioning in educational, social settings, and neurocognitive domains.Past literature found the hippocampus, amygdala, and pre-frontal cortex were associated with ACEs-resilience. However, studies establishing a causal relationship between ACEs-brain-resilience are limited. Hence, this study aims to determine if these brain regions mediate ACEs-resilience. The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD) is an ongoing longitudinal study involving 11,878 participants. Gray matter volumes and volume changes from 2016 – 2021 were used for mediation analysis. There is no evidence to support that these brain regions mediate the relationship between ACEs-resilience. However, across the three resilience domains, different brain structures had significant associations with minimal overlaps. This suggests that the domains do not redundantly measure the same constructs. Future research should not treat resilience as a catch-all unitary construct, measuring various domains of adaptive functioning.
Exploring predictive clustering: A multi-step approach with finite mixture models and machine learning
Authors: Robba Matteo , Casella Monica , Iannello Paola , Marocco Davide
Published: May 2024

Finite mixture models are clustering methods gaining more and more popularity recently. They also show many advantages in comparison to traditional clustering techniques (e.g., k-means cluster analysis). However, contrarily to techniques relying on classification algorithms, mixture models are not able to classify unseen or future cases in clusters previously identified. Hence, this study proposes a novel multistep approach to predict group membership using clusters obtained through a Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) as reference labels. A representative sample of 1,002 Italian individuals was used, with 802 participants randomly selected for initial analysis. Four Machine Learning (ML) algorithms - Artificial Neural Networks, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and Support Vector Machines - were trained and evaluated, relying on grid search and k-fold cross-validation. Results indicated high accuracy across algorithms, with Support Vector Machines (SVM) exhibiting the highest performance (95.3%). To further assess generalization capacity, a second subset of 200 individuals was analysed, with labels suggested by a second LPA from the total dataset (N = 1,002) used as reference. Trained ML models achieved notable accuracy in predicting cluster membership for this second subset (SVM accuracy = 90%). Overall, the study demonstrates ML efficacy in predictive clustering, offering a robust framework for future research.
Facing emotional vocalizations and instrumental sounds: Sighted and blind individuals spontaneously and selectively activate facial muscles in response to emotional stimuli
Authors: Wołoszyn Kinga , Hohol Mateusz , Kuniecki Michal , Winkielman Piotr
Published: May 2024

Facial mimicry of visually observed emotional facial actions is a robust phenomenon. Here, we examined whether such facial mimicry extends to auditory emotional stimuli. We also examined if participants’ facial responses differ to sounds that are more strongly associated with congruent facial movements, such as vocal emotional expressions (e.g., laughter, screams), or less associated with movements, such as non-vocal emotional sounds (e.g., happy, scary instrumental sounds). Furthermore, to assess whether facial mimicry of sounds reflects visual-motor or auditory-motor associations, we compared individuals that vary on lifetime visual experience (sighted vs. blind). To measure spontaneous facial responding, we used facial electromyography to record the activity of the corrugator supercilii (frowning) and the zygomaticus major (smiling) muscles. During measurement, participants freely listened to the two types of emotional sounds. Both types of sounds were rated similarly on valence and arousal. Notably, only vocal, but not instrumental, sounds elicited robust congruent and selective facial responses. The facial responses were observed in both sighted and blind participants. However, the muscles’ responses of blind participants showed less differentiation between emotion categories of human vocalizations. Furthermore, the groups differed in the shape of the time courses of the zygomatic activity to human vocalizations. Overall, the study shows that emotion-congruent facial responses occur to non-visual stimuli and are more robust to human vocalizations than instrumental sounds. Furthermore, the amount of life-time visual experience matters little for the occurrence of cross-channel facial mimicry, but it shapes response differentiation.
Reimagining Consumer Psychology through Open Science Principles
Authors: Moussa Salim
Published: May 2024

Consumer psychology is facing various challenges, including a lack of research integrity and unethical publishing practices. This commentary lists pivotal events and discusses related findings that point to the field's need for reform. Open Science principles are proposed as a transformative solution to promote transparency in data, methodology, access, and peer review. Consumer psychology can only be revitalized and regain credibility if it fully embraces these four pillars. Academic and professional associations with an impact on consumer psychology must set a good example by cultivating a culture of integrity and accountability in research and publishing. Consumer psychologists must educate future generations of researchers on research methodology and research ethics.
Improving self-knowledge: How performance feedback impacts individuals' self-estimates of their cognitive abilities
Authors: Grinschgl Sandra , Hofer Gabriela , Neubauer Aljoscha
Published: May 2024

Individuals assess their cognitive abilities in different situations, however, those self-estimates are rather inaccurate. In two experiments (each N = 200), we investigated whether performance feedback improves the accuracy of self-estimates. Our participants performed cognitive tasks and estimated their abilities beforehand. One half received feedback on their performance, whereas the other half did not. Then, all participants estimated their abilities and performed each task again. Overall, performance feedback did not impact self-estimate accuracy for a variety of cognitive abilities. Interestingly, the correlations between performance ratings and performance got higher over time in both groups and for most ability domains, suggesting that practice enhances self-estimate accuracy. Thus, experience with a task and self-estimates might foster self-knowledge, rather than performance feedback.
Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Paronychia Argentea (Algerian Tea)
Authors: Gasmi Maha
Published: May 2024

In the intricate dance of health and imbalance, oxidative stress and inflammation emerge as central players, contributing to a spectrum of physiological disorders. This review delves into the therapeutic potential of Paronychia argentea (aka Algerian Tea), a perennial plant deeply rooted in traditional medicine, aiming to unravel its antioxidant and antiinflammatory attributes, along with exploring its polyphenolic and flavonoid constituents. Studies consistently affirm its efficacy in mitigating inflammation, combating free radicals, and providing nephroprotective and antimicrobial benefits. The multifaceted bioactive compounds within the plant position it as a promising candidate for pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and personal care products.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 08 No. 01 Jan’24 Page: 9-14
Insulin Icodec: A Silver Lining to the Diabetic Cloud
Authors: Thomas Meenu , Matreja Prithpal Singh , Prakash Jedidiah Solomon , Singh Naveen Kumar
Published: May 2024

Adequate glycaemic control is the sole way to circumvent the microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Currently, available treatment options include oral hypoglycaemic agents and insulin. Oral antidiabetic drugs are often limited in their efficacy to reduce HbA1c beyond 1-2%. It is insulin alone that can reduce HbA1c exceptionally and keep it near normal. The benchmark route of insulin administration is subcutaneous injections. However, subcutaneous insulin administration accompanies issues like pain at injection site, needle phobia, lipodystrophy, peripheral hyperinsulinemia and consequently medication non-adherence. To overcome this hurdle there has been ongoing research for basal longer acting insulins. However, these basal insulins necessitate at least one daily injection. If somehow, a basal insulin could be injected just once a week, it is logical to anticipate that this would augment medication compliance, enhance patients’ quality of life, granted that it involves minimal risk of hypoglycaemia. Insulin icodec is a novel once-a week, subcutaneously administered insulin for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Pre-clinical as well as clinical data from all six ONWARDS trials have met their primary endpoints. If approved, insulin icodec would be the first and only once-weekly basal insulin option for individuals with diabetes, filling the lacunae created by currently available basal insulins.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 08 No. 01 Jan’24 Page: 15-21
Examining the Challenges and Strategies for Improving Cervical Cancer Screening in Nigeria
Authors: Gamde Solomon Matthias , Omotola Olatunde Sharon , Avwioro Godwin O , Adisa James O
Published: May 2024

Background: Cervical cancer is one of the most treatable cancers when detected early and managed. Unfortunately, the mortality rate is projected to surge in Nigeria.Objective: This review aims to provide updated information on challenges and strategies for improving cervical cancer screening in Nigeria.Methods: In this review, scientific papers published in electronic databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were retrieved using search themes such as “cervical cancer”, “risk factors”, and “preventive methods” were examined.Results: The true prevalence of cervical cancer is underestimate in Nigeria because most cases of cervical cancer are not documented. Lack of awareness, cultural barriers, poor infrastructure, unfavorable perception, shortage of supplies, lack of partner involvement, provider-related factors, poor monitoring, and evaluation system were the major barriers that hinder cervical cancer screening service in Nigeria.Conclusion: Lack of awareness, unfavorable perception, problems with health system structure and process, and cultural conditions were major barriers in Nigeria. Hence, packages of intervention is necessary create awareness, provide essential equipment, increase access to health facilities, and strengthening follow up system is indispensable for service improvement by the government and non-governmental organizations, world health organization inclusive.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 08 No. 01 Jan’24 Page: 22-31
Vitamin E and Fiber Intake with HDL and LDL Levels in Overweight Female Students at Islamic Boarding School University
Authors: Damayanti Amilia Yuni , Pibriyanti Kartika , Fadila Amalia Rahma , Nabawiyah Hafidhatun
Published: May 2024

Background: Excess fat will trigger a pathogenic response in adipose and adipocyte tissue. Characterized by an increase or decrease in lipid fractions in blood plasma. An alternative effort to normalize lipid fraction abnormalities in the blood is by regulating intake of micronutrients (vitamin E and fiber). Vitamin E is known as a fat-soluble antioxidant and soluble fiber in the small intestine will form a gel that acts as a fat binder so that blood lipid profile levels will decrease.Objective: To see the relationship between vitamin E and fiber intake with HDL and LDL levels in overweight female studentsMethods: This crosssectional study was conducted with 50 samples using purposive sampling techniques, namely students of Universitas Darussalam Gontor who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fiber and vitamin E intake were obtained using the Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). HDL and LDL levels are obtained from the results of blood tests.Results: Our results showed a significant relationship between fiber intake with HDL levels with a p value of 0.009 and vitamin E intake with LDL levels with a p value of 0.000 While fiber intake with LDL levels did not have a significant relationship, as well as the relationship between vitamin E intake and HDL levels.Conclusion: Our data suggests that overweight persons should increase consumption of fiber and vitamin E to improve their blood lipid profile.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 08 No. 01 Jan’24 Page: 32-37
Post-COVID Lung Function with Steroid and/or Antifibrotic in A Tertiary Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Masum , Baqui Billah Syed Muhammad , Md Zahir Kamruzzaman , Islam Md Hasibul , Hossain Md Khaled , Banna Mahmudul Hassan , Kayesh AJM Emrul , Khan Shah Md Fazlay Rahaman , Hoshen Mohammad Shahadat
Published: May 2024

Background: Antifibrotic medication with or without steroid might be beneficial to prevent this postcovid fibrotic event; however, evidence could not establish it yet.Objective: To assess the effects of steroid and antifibrotics on the changes of SPO2 and 6MWD in COVID-19 patients whether antifibrotic has any beneficial effect combined with steroid to improve lung function.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 76 moderate to severe COVID-19 patients admitted in Sher-e-Bangla Medical College Hospital, Barishal, Bangladesh, between June 2020 and June 2021. After recording the SPO2 and 6MWD, we gave steroid to 57 patients while the rest 19 patients received steroid and antifibrotic depending on severity. We followed the patients after 1 week, 6 weeks and 12 weeks of discharge to determine their SPO2 and 6MWD change as outcome variable.Results: We recorded nearly 83% improvement (n=63) of post Covid respiratory complains as evidenced by improved SPO2 of 76.9% from baseline to 96.7% in steroid group and from 74.6% to 95.6% in antifibrotic group (p<0.001). The 6MWD test also improved from 62 meter (p<0.001). Similarly, there was a significant improvement of 6MWD test from 53.1, 125.0 and 133.4 meter in 1st follow up, 2nd follow up and 3rd follow up respectively (p<0.001). On further analysis, we found that the antifibrotic treatment improved SPO2 and 6MWD test better than steroid only treatment group.Conclusion: Antifibrotic treatment with steroid improves pulmonary function better than steroid only in terms of SPO2 and 6MWD.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 08 No. 01 Jan’24 Page: 38-43
Study on Spectrum of Hemoglobinopathies in A Tertiary Care Hospital in Haryana, India
Authors: Singh Kulwant , Parul - , Agarwal Ruchi , Rawal Manoj , Chawla Nitika , Kaur Swaran , Kundu Parveen Rana
Published: May 2024

Background: Hemoglobinopathies are the most common inherited disorders and are major public health problem in many parts of the world. According to WHO, 5% of the world population is carrier for hemoglobinopathies. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a sensitive, specific and rapid method aiding in detection of hemoglobinopathies.Objective: To evaluate the spectrum of various hemoglobinopathies by using HPLC in a rural tertiary care hospital in Haryana, India.Methods: This prospective study was conducted for detection of hemoglobinopathies using BioRad D-10 for patients visiting various OPDs in Bhagat Phool Singh Government Medical College for Women, Haryana, India.Results: A total of 160 patients were included in the study. 25 (15.6%) cases were detected to have hemoglobinopathies. Most common hemoglobinopathy was beta thalassemia trait found in 9 cases (36%) followed by beta thalassemia major in 4 cases (16%), Hemoglobin D Punjab heterozygous in 3 cases (12%), Hemoglobin E heterozygous in 2 cases (8%).Conclusion: Our study provides an overview on the spectrum of hemoglobinopathies in Haryana region of India. Hemoglobinopathies pose considerable economic and psychosocial burden on the affected individuals, society, and the country. It is concluded that HPLC is a versatile, reproducible technique for the estimation of hemoglobinopathies.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 08 No. 01 Jan’24 Page: 49-55
Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in Irakkamam and Addalaichenai DS Divisions of Sri Lanka: An Investigation on Its Association with the Lifestyle Patterns of the Patients
Authors: Asmath AMM , Najim MMM , Musthafa Muneeb M , Shama LF Zisath , Ahamed I Farhath , Majeed UL Abdul
Published: May 2024

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has currently become one of the most burning health issues of national concern in Sri Lanka.Objective: To assess the lifestyle factors associated with CKD among people of Sri Lanka.Methods: A pretested structured questionnaire was administered to collect the data from kidney patients. Lifestyle patterns and other possible contributing factors were investigated between the CKD patients reported in Irakkamam and Addalaichenai Divisional Secretariats Divisions (DSDs) to find out the significant association between both the DSDs. SPSS software was used to perform all the statistical analyses.Results: Variables including etiology for CKD, being a farmer, and exposure to direct sunlight showed significant differences (p<0.05) between both the DSDs. Compared to Addalaichenai DSD, the well-known causes of CKD including diabetes and hypertension were not seemed to be a significant factor contributing to CKD in Irakkamam DSD. In contrast, obstruction and inflammation contributed greatly to the majority of cases in Irakkamam DSD. Moreover, CKDu cases were significantly higher in Irakkamam DSD compared to Addalaichenai DSD.Conclusion: Proper awareness programs among this region’s people have a chance to reduce the emerging issue of CKDu in these areasInternational Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 08 No. 01 Jan’24 Page: 56-64
Antibacterial Effect of Nigerian Honey on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
Authors: John-Isa Justinah Folasade
Published: May 2024

Background: Honey exhibits antimicrobial activities against a wide range of bacteria in different milieu. Objective: To determine the antibacterial effect of Nigerian honey types on selected bacterial isolates; Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. For this reason raw and commercial honey samples were investigated.Methods: Two honey samples were used in this study sourced from two different institutions: raw (sunshine) and commercial (shoprite; Labsan) honey. They were tested on clinically selected Grampositive and Gram-negative bacterial isolates: Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli respectively.Results: The honey samples examined were effective in inhibiting the growth of the test bacteria and the inhibitory effects were found to be superior from sunshine honey on Staphylococcus aureus. Among the selected bacteria used in this assay, Staphylococcus aureus was the most susceptible to the honey samples used and sunshine (raw) honey was found more effective.Conclusion: The Nigerian honey types used in this study were found to be alternative natural antibiotic to conventional synthetic antibiotics.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 08 No. 01 Jan’24 Page: 65-68
Subchronic Toxicity Testing of Ethanol Extract of Red Betel Vine (Piper crocatum) Leaves in DDY Strain Mice
Authors: Rachmawaty Farida Juliantina , Nugraha Zainuri Sabta , Fidianingsih Ika , Putri Dita Rahmawati , Widira Dita , Amalina Mutia , Susilo Kurnia Budhi , Aulia Ruswandi Muhammad Azmi , Fitrah Muhammad Afid , Putri Nurmudi Adrianti Juniaringsih
Published: May 2024

Background: The red betel vine (Piper crocatum) is a plant that has potential as a medicinal plant. The use of medicinal plants should be tested for safety. Acute toxicity testing has been performed with safe results for consumption, but there is no known long-term effect on various organs.Objective: To determine whether an ethanol extract of the red betel vine could be used safely on different parts of DDY mice.Methods: The treatment of ethanol extract was performed orally every day by using a feeding tube with different doses in mice within 3 months. Those were divided into several groups, each consisting of 5 male and 5 female mice. The dosages used consisted of 50 mg/kgBW, 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 400 mg/kgBW, with aquadest and solvent as controls. The treatment was done every day for 3 months. At the end of the study, the mice were terminated, and their organs were collected, which included the spleen, liver, kidney, heart, lungs, brain, testes, and ovaries.Results: The results of this study show no significant difference compared to controls in all organs. There are liver changes from cloudy swelling degeneration and reversible hydropic degeneration, but the effect is reversible.Conclusion: To conclude, long-term use of the red betel vine as a medicinal plant can be recommended for healthy people but not for people with a history of hepatic disorders.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 08 No. 01 Jan’24 Page: 69-74
Corrugated Rubber Drains Versus Closed Suction Drain in Reducing Superficial Surgical Site Infection in Laparotomy Wounds
Authors: Gupta Aaina , Bhasin Sanjay Kumar , Mani Abhinav , Sharma Sanjay , Hussain Talib
Published: May 2024

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) remain a substantial problem for patients. Surgery for perforation peritonitis is associated with the highest rate of infective complications, especially surgical site infections because there is contamination of the operative field with microorganisms from endogenous sources. Subcutaneous drains are commonly placed in the operative setting to prevent hematoma or abscess formation in surgical wounds. In contrast to open drains, closed suction drains establish a pressure gradient between the wound and the external environment.Objectives: To evaluate the role of wound drainage in preventing surgical site infections (SSI) in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy and draw comparison between the efficacy of open corrugated rubber drainage and closed suction drainage.Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 50 patients admitted under Department of Surgery, Government Medical College, Jammu, India, between January and July of 2020, who underwent emergency laparotomy for various indications, within 24 hours of admission. All investigations for requisite anaesthesia were conducted on emergency basis. Patients received either corrugated rubber drain (group A), closed suction drain (group B) or no drain (group C) for wound drainage. Patients were followed in the post operative period for development of wound infection.Results: Mean age was 39.2 years with median age of 35 years. Male to female ratio was 1.94:1. 8 out of 19 patients from group A developed wound dehiscence, while only 1 out of 20 patients in group B developed wound dehiscence. 6 out of 11 patients in group C developed wound dehiscence. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion: Placement of subcutaneous drains in emergency laparotomy wounds is associated with lower incidence of wound infection. Closed suction drains appear to be more effective than open corrugated drains in reducing the risk of SSIs.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 08 No. 01 Jan’24 Page: 75-78
Menstrual Hygiene Practice among Adolescent Girls in Selective Slum Areas of Dhaka City in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain Md Anwar , Chowdhury Ayesha Mahzabin , Sharmin Saida , Bashak Avijit
Published: May 2024

Background: Adolescence is the transition period from childhood to adulthood and is widely recognized as a time of great importance due to its vulnerabilities linked with biological, physical, social, and environmental considerations.Objective: To assess the experience of menstruation and menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent girls in selective slum areas of Dhaka city in Bangladesh.Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted between June and September of 2023 among 169 adolescent girls. A semi-structured questionnaire was used as tool for data collection through face to face interview. A total of 169 girls aged between 13 and 19 were included in this study.Results: The mean age of the girls was 15.33 years. Most of the girls (71.59%) were in 13-17 years age group. The mean age at menarche was 12.38 year. 136 (80.47%) by the age of 11-14 years and 127 (75.15%) had information on menstruation before menarche from mothers 98 (27.84%). During menstruation, 118(69.82%) were using sanitary pad, 60(50.85%) girls changed pad two times a day. The reuse of cloth material was practiced by only 39(76.47%) girls; among them, only 32(82.05%) girls were using soap (detergent) to clean the cloth material. 34(87.18%) girls were drying their used cloth in sunlight. All participants bathed during menstruation and of which 127(75.15%) girls were using soap to clean the external genitalia. 111(65.68%) discarding sanitary materials in public dustbin. The main cause of choosing cloth as absorbent material over sanitary pad is financial issue for 59% of the girls.Conclusion: The average population of females in urban slums practiced good menstrual hygiene. The findings of this study may aid governmental and non-governmental groups in developing programs to prevent health concerns during menstrual periods by improving education on menstrual hygiene habits.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 08 No. 01 Jan’24 Page: 79-83