bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Co-teaching on Student Cognitive Engagement
Authors: Lochner Wendy Whitehair , Murawski Wendy W. , Daley Jaime True
Published: October 2019

Delivering special education to students with disabilities requires highly prepared and collaborative teachers, inclusive learning environments, and strategies that promote cognitive engagement, but many students lack access to these necessities. In rural schools teacher shortages and traditional teaching methods may contribute to disengagement. Some rural districts have turned to co-teaching to disrupt this pattern of inequity. Effective co-teaching between two highly prepared teachers in a general education setting offers students the opportunity to be included and may improve engagement for all students. To investigate the relationship between co-teaching and student cognitive engagement, this study observed teachers in eight rural secondary schools in West Virginia to evaluate differences in student cognitive engagement in co-taught versus solo-taught classrooms. Four district personnel were trained on both cognitive engagement strategies and co-teaching approaches and collected observational data. The Instructional Practices Inventory was used during short walk-throughs to measure cognitive engagement during 701 solo-taught and 181 co-taught observations. Observations occurred in 5th- through 12th-grade classes in reading, mathematics, science, and social studies throughout one full school year. Statistical tests compared mean engagement scores across the different models of instruction. Results indicated that students in co-taught classrooms were more cognitively engaged than students in solo-taught classrooms. These results suggest the need for increased professional development for teams to move beyond the one teach, one support model of co-teaching, additional research on cognitive engagement and co-teaching, and teacher preparation programs to include more examples of, and training in, quality co-teaching models.
Co-Planning Strategies for Mentor Teachers and Interns
Authors: Grady Maureen , Cayton Charity , Preston Ronald V. , Sinicrope Rose
Published: October 2019

Planning for instruction is a complex and important task, requiring teachers to consider content, lesson objectives, and student learning. Teachers’ ability to attend to the complexity of planning differs with experience level and is especially difficult for novices and pre-service teachers. We examine the potential of co-planning during the internship experience to assist interns in making the transition from being a mathematics education student to becoming a mathematics teacher. We describe six strategies to facilitate co-planning between mentor teachers and interns. Implications for these strategies in other teaching contexts and relationships will be shared, as well as current and future research efforts.
Molecular Cloud Origin for Oxygen Isotopic Heterogeneity Recorded by a Primordial Spinel-rich Refractory Inclusion
Authors: Simon Justin I. , Ross D. Kent , Nguyen Ann N. , Simon Steven B. , Messenger Scott
Published: October 2019

A spinel-rich, layered calcium- aluminum-rich spherule from the MIL 090019 CO3 chondrite contains a spinel core with a relatively 16O-rich (Δ17O ∼ −18‰) and mass-fractionated oxygen isotopic composition surrounded by minerals, including spinel, that are relatively 16O-poor (Δ17O ∼ −7‰), which are in turn surrounded by layers of 16O-enriched silicates (Δ17O ∼ −17‰). Inclusions with refractory mineral assemblages such as this one are proposed to record inner nebula processes during the earliest epoch of solar nebula evolution. Mineralogical and textural analyses indicate that this primordial particle formed by high-temperature gas–solid reactions, partial melting, evaporation, and condensation. The radially distributed oxygen isotopic heterogeneity measured among multiple occurrences of several minerals, including spinel, requires the existence of 16O-poor gas at the beginning of solar system formation, 105 yr earlier than it can be produced by photochemical self-shielding in the solar nebula and introduced to the inner protoplanetary disk.
The Physical Origins of the Identified and Still Missing Components of the Warm–Hot Intergalactic Medium: Insights from Deep Surveys in the Field of Blazar 1ES1553+113
Authors: Johnson Sean D. , Mulchaey John S. , Chen Hsiao-Wen , Wijers Nastasha A. , Connor Thomas , Muzahid Sowgat , Schaye Joop , Cen Renyue , Carlsten Scott G. , Charlton Jane , Drout Maria R. , Goulding Andy D. , Hansen Terese T. , Walth Gregory L.
Published: October 2019

The relationship between galaxies and the state/chemical enrichment of the warm–hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) expected to dominate the baryon budget at low-z provides sensitive constraints on structure formation and galaxy evolution models. We present a deep redshift survey in the field of 1ES1553+113, a blazar with a unique combination of ultraviolet (UV)+X-ray spectra for surveys of the circumgalactic/intergalactic medium (CGM/IGM). Nicastro et al. reported the detection of two O vii WHIM absorbers at z = 0.4339 and 0.3551 in its spectrum, suggesting that the WHIM is metal rich and sufficient to close the missing baryons problem. Our survey indicates that the blazar is a member of a z = 0.433 group and that the higher-z O vii candidate arises from its intragroup medium. The resulting bias precludes its use in baryon censuses. The z = 0.3551 candidate occurs in an isolated environment 630 kpc from the nearest galaxy (with stellar mass

), which we show is unexpected for the WHIM. Finally, we characterize the galactic environments of broad H i Lyα absorbers (Doppler widths of b = 40–80 km s−1; T ≲ 4 × 105 K) that provide metallicity-independent WHIM probes. On average, broad Lyα absorbers are ≈2× closer to the nearest luminous (L > 0.25L
*) galaxy (700 kpc) than narrow (b < 30 km s−1; T ≲ 4 × 105 K) ones (1300 kpc) but ≈2× further than O vi absorbers (350 kpc). These observations suggest that gravitational collapse heats portions of the IGM to form the WHIM, but with feedback that does not enrich the IGM far beyond galaxy/group halos to levels currently observable in UV/X-ray metal lines.
Two new species of Lactifluus (Fungi, Russulales) from tropical Quercus forest in eastern Mexico
Authors: Montoya Leticia , Caro Abraham , Ramos Antero , Bandala Victor M.
Published: October 2019

Two new species of Lactifluus subgenus Lactifluus were discovered during a three-year monitoring of the ectomycorrhizal fungi in a tropical oak forest from central Veracruz, Mexico. Systematic sampling of basidiomes allowed recording of the morphological variation of fruit-bodies in different growth stages along with their fructification season. Both new species were distinguished, based on macro- and micromorphological features and on molecular data. A phylogenetic analysis of a concatenated nuc rDNA ITS, D1 and D2 domains of nuc 28S rDNA (LSU) and the 6–7 region of the second largest subunit of the RNA polymerase II (rpb2) sequence dataset of species of Lactifluus is provided. In the phylogeny inferred, one of the new species is sister to L. dissitus Van de Putte, K. Das & Verbeken and the other belongs to the group of species of L. piperatus (L.) Kuntze, sister to an unidentified species from U.S.A. The studied taxa grow under Quercus oleoides in the study site. The species are presented and illustrated here.
One new species and three newly recorded species of Neopallodes Reitter from China (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae, Nitidulinae)
Authors: Chen XiaoXiao , Huang Min
Published: October 2019

One new species of the sap beetle genusNeopallodes,N. nigrescenssp. nov., is described and illustrated. New information on the distribution and illustrations of three species,N. dentatusKirejtshuk, 1994,N. falsusGrouvelle, 1913 andN. vietnamicusKirejtshuk, 1987, which are newly recorded from China, are also supplemented. A key to species of the genusNeopallodesfrom China is provided.
New Onset Autoimmune Disease or Macrophage Activation Syndrome?
Authors: Greene J. Palmer , Wild Bridget M.
Published: October 2019

Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a potentially life-threatening condition that may complicate many pediatric rheumatologic diseases. Because of its similarity in presentation to other conditions with overlapping manifestations, such as flares of rheumatologic disease or systemic infection, and the fact that there exists no single pathognomonic clinical finding or laboratory parameter to aid in diagnosis, MAS presents a significant diagnostic challenge to the practicing pediatrician with limited access to consulting pediatric rheumatologists. Along with a review of the physiology and manifestations of the condition, we have included the most current consensus for diagnosing MAS.

[
Pediatr Ann.
2019;48(10):e395–e399.]
Abstract Book - XLIV Congresso Nazionale AIEOP | 13-15 ottobre 2019, Catania (Italy)
Authors: Editors The
Published: October 2019

Not available
The macroplan for geriatric care
Authors: Meiring P. De V.
Published: October 2019

A macroplan and a microplan for geriatric care are outlined. The terms geriatric medicine and geriatric patient are defined. A typical extended community geriatric team is illustrated by means of a table, as well as an overall plan for coordinating these services. The expectations of the geriatrician in respect of the contributions to be made by the physiotherapist are discussed under five headings.
Maternal depression and its association with responsive feeding and nutritional status of infants
Authors: Joshi MN , Raut AV
Published: October 2019

Context:

Globally, around half of all under-5 deaths are attributable to undernutrition. The magnitude of child undernutrition in India is one of the highest in the world. Responsive feeding that has the potential to optimize nutrition and development depends on a “healthy mother”.

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to find out the magnitude and determinants of maternal depression among mothers of infants who attended immunization clinic in a rural medical college in central India and observe its association with infant-feeding practices and nutritional status of infants.

Study Design:

This was an analytical cross-sectional study.

Materials and Methods:

Study was conducted among consecutively chosen 300 mothers and their infants who visited the immunization clinic of hospital during May-September, 2016. Data were collected individually by interviewing each mother, and anthropometry of her infant was done. The mothers with depression were diagnosed according to the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Magnitude of depression has been reported using frequency and percentage, whereas association has been studied using prevalence odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (CI) and logistic regression at 0.05 significance level.

Results:

The magnitude of maternal depression was 19% (95% CI 14.4-23.5). Mothers with depression had significantly higher odds for not indulging in responsive feeding. Maternal education had significant association with maternal depression after adjusting for other variables.

Conclusions:

Burden of maternal depression is high among mothers of infants who attended immunization clinic in a rural medical college in central India and is significantly associated with nonresponsive feeding practices.
Glycemic and Cardiovascular Risk Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Saudi Tertiary Care Hospital Experience
Authors: AlHamwy Rana , Hafiz Mona , Abuzied Yacoub
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Data on concomitant control of both glycemia and cardiovascular risk factors among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are very limited in Saudi Arabia. The aim of this study was to assess the degree of achieving glycemic control and concomitant control of cardiovascular risk factors at a primary care setting. Methods: Between February and March 2017, we retrospectively reviewed the charts and laboratory records of adult patients with T2D who received primary care services at Family Medicine clinics at King Fahad Medical City for at least a year. Outcome goals were based on 2016 American Diabetic Association (ADA) standards of diabetic care. Results: A total of 268 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 55.0 ± 10.7 years and 60% of the patients were women. Patients who achieved ADA-recommended diabetic care goals were 43.7% for glycemic control, 46.7% for blood pressure, 87.9% for total cholesterol, 52.7% for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 44.7% for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 70.8% for triglycerides, 9.4% for diet control, 1.9% for practicing exercises, 98.1% for receiving health education, and finally 38.8% for the recommended number of glycated hemoglobin testing. In addition to glycemic control, concomitant control of blood pressure, blood lipids, and both blood pressure/blood lipids were 21.3%, 9.4%, and 4.9%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, glycemic control was independently associated with the type of diabetic medications, diet control, and smoking status. Conclusion: The concomitant control of multiple diabetic care goals is alarmingly low. Further research is required to better understand the responsible system barriers and strategies to improve.
A weak comparison principle in tubular neighbourhoods of embedded manifolds
Authors: Polizzi Francesco , Sabatino Pietro , Sciunzi Berardino
Published: October 2019

We study weak solutions to degenerate quasilinear elliptic equations, involving first order terms, in unbounded tubular domains. In particular we show that, under suitable hypotheses, the weak comparison principle holds if the domain is narrow enough.
Determination of non-compactly supported electromagnetic potentials in an unbounded closed waveguide
Authors: Kian Yavar
Published: October 2019

We study the inverse problem of determining a magnetic Schrödinger operator in an unbounded closed waveguide from boundary measurements. We consider this problem with a general closed waveguide in the sense that we only require our unbounded domain to be contained into an infinite cylinder. In this context we prove the unique recovery of the magnetic field and the electric potential associated with general bounded and non-compactly supported electromagnetic potentials. By assuming that the electromagnetic potentials are known on the neighborhood of the boundary outside a compact set, we even prove the unique determination of the magnetic field and the electric potential from measurements restricted to a bounded subset of the infinite boundary. Finally, in the case of a waveguide taking the form of an infinite cylindrical domain, we prove the recovery of the magnetic field and the electric potential from partial data corresponding to restriction of Neumann boundary measurements to slightly more than half of the boundary. We establish all these results by mean of a new class of complex geometric optics solutions and of Carleman estimates suitably designed for our problem stated in an unbounded domain and with bounded electromagnetic potentials.
DIELECTRIC MONITORING OF THE PAN FIBER STABILIZATION PROCESS
Authors: Hofele Julia , Link Guido , Jelonnek John
Published: October 2019

Carbon fiber composites are key components of future lightweight applications. But, due to the energy intensive production of carbon fibers, the final material costs are not competitive if compared to steel or aluminum even though the mechanical properties are superior [1]. Hence, a new approach is necessary. Microwave heating might be the solution [2]. For the successful design of an appropriate system, the knowledge of the temperature-dependent dielectric properties of the raw material together with the chemical process during the production is mandatory. The production process starts from the Polyacrylonitrile fiber (PAN fiber) and consists of two major stages: the initial stabilization and the final carbonization. The most significant energy saving is expected at the stabilization stage [3]. The dielectric properties of conventionally stabilized PAN fibers and virgin PAN fibers were measured at room temperature in a TM010-mode cylindrical cavity using the cavity perturbation method. The measured differences in the dielectric constants and the material densities of both fibers (see Table 1) leads to the assumption that the change in the dielectric properties can be followed during the stabilization process and allows controlling the chemical reaction. Currently a system is set up that enables the in-situ recording of the chemical reaction during the stabilization process by using conventional heating. Figure 1 shows the schematic of the setup. The PAN fibers are located in a quartz tube. The conventional heating bases on the controlled flow of hot air. Thermocouples measure the temperatures at the entry and the exit points of the hot air. It is expected that the data acquired from the measurements will provide useful information about the reaction kinetics, which is important for the design of a microwave assisted stabilization process.
INTERACTIVE 3D CITY VISUALIZATION FROM STRUCTURE MOTION DATA USING GAME ENGINE
Authors: Laksono D. , Aditya T. , Riyadi G.
Published: October 2019

Abstract. Developing a 3D city model is always a challenging task, whether on how to obtain the 3D data or how to present the model to users. Lidar is often used to produce real-world measurement, resulting in point clouds which further processed into a 3D model. However, this method possesses some limitation, e.g. tedious, expensive works and high technicalities, which limits its usability in a smaller area. Currently, there exists pipeline utilize point-clouds from Lidar data to automate the generation of 3D city model. For example, 3dfier (http://github.com/tudelft3d/3dfier) is a software capable of generating LoD 1 3D city model from lidar point cloud data. The resulting CityGML file could further be used in a 3D GIS viewer to produce an interactive 3D city model. This research proposed the use of Structure from Motion (SfM) method to obtain point cloud from UAV data. Using SfM to generate point clouds means cheaper and shorter production time, as well as more suitable for smaller area compared to LiDAR. 3Dfier could be utilized to produce 3D model from the point cloud. Subsequently, a game engine, i.e. Unity 3D, is utilized as the visualization platform. Previous works shows that a game engine could be used as an interactive environment for exploring virtual world based on real-world measurement and other data, such as parcel boundaries. This works shows that the process of generating 3D city model could be achieved using the proposed pipeline.
English Sporting Writing, the Spirit of the Times, and Old Southwest Humor
Authors: Piacentino Ed
Published: October 2019

This article is a recovery project that focuses on little-known humorous English sporting articles initially published in the 1830s and early 1840s in popular British periodicals and books and then reprinted in William T. Porter's Spirit of the Times, a New York newspaper, during the first decade of its existence. Porter sought to appeal to “gentlemen of standing, wealth and intelligence” who were also sportsmen or sports enthusiasts. Walter Blair's brief mention of English comic sporting writing in his 1953 essay “Traditions in Southern Humor” was my impetus to further explore this subject. This article examines subject matter, character types, narrative strategies, and stylistics of representative English comic sporting articles and pairs them with similar texts of Old Southwest humor, the former perhaps helping to pave the way for the genesis of a new quintessential humor genre.
CONSTITUCIONALISMO POPULAR CONTESTATARIO
Authors: Peña Rangel David
Published: October 2019

Si partimos de la idea que un régimen democrático debe entenderse como un sistema de autogobierno, la Constitución, en tanto está, por decirlo de algún modo, en manos de unos cuantos, presenta una aparente contradicción con el ideal democrático. El constitucionalismo popular surge precisamente con el propósito de atenuar la contradicción inserta en la mayoría de las democracias constitucionales: ¿por qué un puñado de ciudadanos deben poder interpretar una Constitución que ata y vincula a todos los miembros de la comunidad por igual? Interpretar el significado de la Constitución, reclaman los populistas, debe ser una empresa compartida y deliberativa entre la ciudadanía, sus representantes y los miembros del poder judicial. Este artículo analiza algunos aspectos del argumento popular. En vez de deliberar sobre el significado de la Constitución, sugiere, es la contestación—una forma específica de deliberación que ocurre después de que la Suprema Corte de Justicia ha emitido una sentencia— la que debe guiar los esfuerzos de interpretación popular.
PRINCIPIO ANTIDISCRIMINATORIO Y DETERMINACIÓN DE LA DESVENTAJA
Authors: Añón Roig María José
Published: October 2019

El artículo examina algunos de los límites del derecho antidiscriminatorio en su actual configuración, a partir de las grandes tendencias que le dan soporte desde el punto de vista legislativo y jurisprudencial. El texto plantea una reflexión sobre los principios interpretativos tradicionales y los problemas de incorporación en el juicio de igualdad de estándares de orden explicativo y justificatorio que permitan captar los patrones o estructuras sociales de discriminación e identificar de forma más precisa a los sujetos. A tal efecto propone la ampliación del espectro argumental de la discriminación indirecta y la igualdad material, a través de criterios interpretativos adicionales derivados de categorías como la discriminación estructural y la interseccionalidad de las discriminaciones.
LA ÉTICA DEL DEFAULT: POR QUÉ ALGUNAS DEUDAS NO SON OBLIGATORIAS PARA LAS GENERACIONES ACTUALES
Authors: Dimitriu Cristian
Published: October 2019

En este artículo sostengo que muchos países deudores tienen el derecho moral de incurrir en cesación de pagos de sus deudas soberanas. Muestro que deben hacerse excepciones a la afirmación general de que los gobiernos tienen la obligación de devolver préstamos contraídos por gobiernos que le antecedieron.
NOTA EDITORIAL
Authors: PG FMPG
Published: October 2019

Lo primero en esta ocasión es informar a nuestros autores, árbitros y lectores que el Conacyt ha renovado la membrecía de Isonomía en su Índice de excelencia, tras una evaluación que incluyó una revisión exhaustiva de nuestros procesos de arbitraje, edición y gestión interna. La revista, por otro lado, está completando la integración de su acervo histórico en SciELO (los artículos de los años recientes están disponibles desde el año pasado) y es consultable también ahora en la base de datos Vlex.
INTERPRETACIÓN Y CONSTRUCCIÓN JURÍDICA
Authors: Guastini Riccardo
Published: October 2019

Este trabajo bosqueja una teoría analítica y realista de la interpretación jurídica. Analítica, en el sentido que su método es el análisis lógico del lenguaje de los juristas. Realista, en el sentido que, por un lado, sostiene que el derecho es indeterminado y, por otro lado, representa la interpretación desarrollada por los jueces como una actividad intrínsecamente discrecional. En la primera parte, se introducen las distinciones fundamentales entre: interpretación “in abstracto” e interpretación “in concreto”; interpretación cognoscitiva, decisoria, y creativa; interpretación en sentido estricto y construcción jurídica. Esta última distinción tiene una importancia especial: la interpretación en sentido estricto consiste en atribuir significado a un texto normativo, mientras que la construcción jurídica consiste (esencialmente) en formular normas nuevas, que se pretenden implícitas en el sistema jurídico. En la segunda parte, se analizan, en su estructura lógica, las más difundidas técnicas argumentativas por las cuales los juristas suelen justificar sus operaciones interpretativas y constructivas.
¿FUE AUSCHWITZ LEGAL? LEGALIDAD, EXTERMINIO Y POSITIVISIMO JURÍDICO
Authors: Peña Freire Antonio
Published: October 2019

Con la intención de aclarar el significado de la legalidad y de sus principios, el artículo desarrolla aquellos aspectos de la concepción del derecho de Lon Fuller que demuestran que legalidad y exterminio son incompatibles. Después, cuestiona los planteamientos defendidos por los iuspositivistas en el debate sobre el derecho nazi, porque se basan en una incorrecta identificación entre derecho y orden social, lo que lleva a los iuspositivistas a valorar el derecho exclusivamente en función de su utilidad para el gobernante y no en función de lo que supone para los gobernados.
SOBRE THE TAPESTRY OF REASON: AN INQUIRY INTO THE NATURE OF COHERENCE AND ITS ROLE IN LEGAL ARGUMENT, DE AMALIA AMAYA
Authors: Vega Gómez Juan
Published: October 2019

En su libro The Tapestry of Reason: An Inquiry into the Nature of Coherence and its Role in Legal Argument,1 Amalia Amaya argumenta las ventajas de adoptar una postura coherentista en el derecho. Concretamente, su tesis principal es la siguiente...
SOBRE EL AZAR DE LAS FRONTERAS. POLÍTICAS MIGRATORIAS, CIUDADANÍA Y JUSTICIA, DE JUAN CARLOS VELASCO
Authors: Blanco Brotons Francisco
Published: October 2019

uan Carlos Velasco nos presenta en su último libro (El Azar de las fronteras. Políticas migratorias, ciudadanía y justicia. Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2016, 372 págs.) el resultado de sus investigaciones de la última década, centradas en la anomalía o problema que los migrantes suponen para las teorías de la justicia. Este libro surge de la constatación de que los migrantes representan un caso crítico que marca los límites de los discursos de la filosofía política de las últimas décadas en torno a temas importantes como el Estado, la justicia, la democracia o la ciudadanía. Atender y responder al problema que visibilizan los migrantes, como hace Velasco, ayuda a poner a prueba y extender los límites, así como robustecer la fuerza crítica de las teorías sobre los citados temas. Este es uno de los objetivos de este libro, lo que lo convierte en un texto digno de atención dentro del panorama editorial en castellano, independientemente de que consiga o...
EXPRESIVISMO METAJURÍDICO, ENUNCIADOS INTERNOS Y ACEPTACIÓN PLURAL: UNA EXPLORACIÓN CRÍTICA
Authors: A. Rapetti Pablo
Published: October 2019

Uno de los temas de más profundo debate en la filosofía del derecho de los últimos años ha sido el de las maneras en que dar cuenta del fenómeno del desacuerdo entre operadores jurídicos y entre juristas a la hora de desentrañar el contenido del derecho y, por ende, de dar con la respuesta jurídica para controversias particulares. A partir del trabajo de Ronald Dworkin, el tema se ha convertido en un instrumento de intenso análisis crítico del positivismo jurídico y consecuentemente ha generado diversos enfoques que intentan dar cuenta del fenómeno de manera armónica con las tesis positivistas centrales. Uno de estos enfoques, en particular, intenta afrontar este desafío ligando al positivismo con un análisis expresivista del discurso jurídico de primer orden; análisis análogo al que importantes autores abocados a la metaética contemporánea han propuesto para el discurso moral. En el presente trabajo presento los lineamientos centrales de este enfoque iusfilosófico, indagando tanto en algunas de sus virtudes como en algunas de sus mayores dificultades.
EL VALOR DE LA FAMILIA EN LA TEORÍA DE LA JUSTICIA DE RAWLS
Authors: Udi Juliana
Published: October 2019

Con frecuencia la teoría política trata a la familia como un hecho incuestionable de la vida social. Sin embargo, y especialmente en el marco del liberalismo político, vale la pena preguntarse por su justificación. En el presente trabajo analizo la teoría de la justicia de John Rawls buscando reconstruir no sólo lo que efectivamente dice sobre esta cuestión sino también el potencial que encierra para propocionar respuestas más contundentes. Rawls parece suscribir una explicación puramente instrumental del valor de la familia, centrada en su utilidad para la reproducción y estabilidad de una sociedad bien ordenada. Sin embargo, como señalaré, aunque Rawls no explora esta alternativa, una aplicación consecuente del “primer principio”, que pauta la distribución de libertades y derechos básicos de los individuos, abre el camino para una justificación normativa más concluyente.
THEATRUM CRIMINOLÓGICUM. KAFKA, PARK Y LOS AVATARES DEL CONTROL SOCIAL
Authors: Kostenwein Ezequiel
Published: October 2019

Se suele plantear que a comienzos del siglo XX las investigaciones acerca del control social abandonan la prisión como tema central para pensar el problema del orden a partir de la ciudad. Sin embargo, poco se ha dicho de la conexión, a veces subterránea, que ello guarda con la obra de Franz Kafka. Consideramos posible rastrear en la literatura del autor checo el proceso por el cual la ciudad va convirtiéndose en un eje en el cual se desarrollan un sinnúmero de sucesos, justamente cuando en la Escuela de Chicago comenzaban a elaborarse las bases para una teoría ecológica de la organización social.
LA IM/PARCIALIDAD PERICIAL Y OTRAS CUESTIONES AFINES. CONFIABILIDAD, DESACUERDOS Y SESGOS DE LOS EXPERTOS
Authors: Vázquez Carmen
Published: October 2019

Uno de los temas recurrentes en el análisis de la prueba pericial, al menos en los sistemas de tradición romano-germánica, es la parcialidad o imparcialidad de los expertos, fundamentalmente considerada como un criterio para la atribución de valor probatorio. Por ello, vale la pena profundizar en este tema, distinguiendo en primer lugar diversos sentidos de “im/parcialidad” (y sus vínculos con otros conceptos atinentes), para luego concretar mecanismos jurídico-procesales que ayuden a identificar cuándo un perito está siendo parcial a lo largo de las diferentes etapas probatorias.
Igualdad, desarrollo económico y democracia
Authors: Ferrajoli Luigi
Published: October 2019

Qué debe entenderse, en el plano teórico, por “principio de igualdad”? Deben entenderse, a mi parecer, dos principios normativos diversos, entre sí complementarios y ambos esenciales en tanto fundamentos de la democracia: en primer lugar, el igual respeto y valor que debe ser asociado a todas las diferencias de identidad que hacen de cada persona un individuo diferente de todos los otros y de cada individuo una persona igual a todas las otras
Ecoethos da Amazônia: interação e ludicidade juvenil mediada por um jogo de simulação
Authors: Alves Iris Rianne Santana , Higuchi Maria Inês Gasparetto
Published: October 2019

Ecoethos da Amazônia is a simulation game that explores the symbology of the five elements (Earth, Water, Air, Fire, and Care) by the use of tridimensional models. The set consisted of a circular space with four stations, each representing one of the four natural elements. The players must solvethe challengespresented to them in each station. The Water pollution station deals with waste and water supply; the Air station brings questions about greenhouse gas emission, carbon sequestration, and land use; the Earth station presents questions focused on biodiversity, relief, and water resources; the Fire station alternative energy options are explored, always considering the biodiversity, the physical-geographical, the social and the economic characterization of the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate players’ experience and understanding of the concepts explored during the activity. The theoretical approach was based on the Gamer User Experience Evaluation and the Bloom Taxonomy. Participated in this study 168 students (6º to9º grades) of public schools. Some pre-established categories were considered for the analysis: opinion about the experience, game layout, difficulties handling parts, feelings triggered, understanding the representation of the parts, playfulness, and potential in changing behavior. Ecoethos da Amazônia was considered a game that teaches, entertains and enables responsible interaction. The game engages the participant’s attention and the situations presented were challenging buteasy to understand. The results showed that the game experience can promote environmental responsibility while pointing out the potential of the game to raise awareness, inform and reflect on social and environmental issues.
Criação de gado em Reservas Extrativistas: ameaça ou necessidade? O caso da Reserva Extrativista Tapajós-Arapiuns, Pará, Brasil
Authors: Spínola Jackeline Nóbrega , Carneiro Filho Arnaldo
Published: October 2019

O desenvolvimento da atividade pecuária dentro de Reservas Extrativistas na Amazônia tem sido motivo de polêmicas e debates inflamados na área ambiental desde o estabelecimento da Lei do SNUC. O histórico do movimento extrativista teve nos empates sua principal bandeira de luta, como estratégia de combate ao avanço da fronteira agropecuária. Independentemente dos avanços do movimento, é fato que a pecuária bovina se configurou, ao longo dos últimos 20 anos, como o uso predominante nas áreas desmatadas na Amazônia, inclusive dentro das Reservas Extrativistas. Este trabalho buscou dimensionar o atual impacto ambiental causado pela conversão de florestas para formação de pastagem em Reservas Extrativistas Federais, sob gestão do ICMBio, a partir da análise dos dados fornecidos pelo INPE/Projeto TerraClass, dos anos de 2004, 2010 e 2014, em especial na Reserva Extrativista Tapajós-Arapiuns, uma das mais populosas do estado do Pará, além de promover uma análise socioambiental deste caso frente aos desafios de gestão da Unidade de Conservação-UC. Entre os principais resultados, observou-se que a contribuição das pastagens se configura abaixo de 3% do uso do solo em 28 das 30 Resex terrestres da Amazônia. Destaca-se que a Tapajós-Arapiuns mantém mais de 90% de sua área preservada e com apenas 0,35% destinada às pastagens, suportando um rebanho de cerca de 3 mil cabeças e média de 14 cabeças por criador. Outro aspecto relevante está relacionado com a importância financeira e social da atividade, pois 60% dos criadores informaram que seus rebanhos abastecem as comunidades da Resex, ou seja, são comercializados dentro da própria UC. Conclui-se que a atividade de criação de gado na Reserva Extrativista Tapajós-Arapiuns pode ser considerada de subsistência, devido ao porte e modos de produção identificados e, finalmente, não se configura como o principal vetor do desmatamento na UC, podendo sua contribuição ser considerada praticamente irrelevante.
Bioindicadores ambientais: o que as diatomáceas dizem sobre o ambiente humano
Authors: Da Silva-Lehmkuhl Angela Maria , Lehmkuhl Elton Augusto , Bicudo Denise De Campos
Published: October 2019

O ensaio objetiva refletir de que maneira as microalgas podem ser teoricamente concebidas e metodologicamente utilizadas como instrumento biotecnológico de sensoriamento responsável por aumentar capacidade de percepção/ação/cognição e comunicação acerca das dinâmicas antrópicas da natureza – considerando, em termos epistemológicos, que a razão científica se afasta do senso comum na medida em que gera experiências instrumentalizadas entre sujeito-objeto do conhecimento. Também ampliam e corrigem as experiências fenomenológicas limitadas às capacidades humanas circunscritas a regras neurofisiológicas e neuropsicológicas do corpo humano, ou às lógicas técnico-científicas de outras áreas do saber ligadas à política. Elas funcionam como biotecnologias capazes de fazer crescer e de corrigir a inteligência e a sensibilidade de sistemas teórico-metodológicos aplicados em planos de diagnóstico, monitoramento e ajustes ambientais. Enquanto biotecnologias, as microalgas funcionam como prolongamentos e potencializadores dos corpos e dos cérebros dos cientistas ou das comunidades acadêmicas reunidas no interior das Ciências do Ambiente. Por fim, considera alguns obstáculos epistemológicos que impedem a participação dos bioindicadores na esfera das políticas voltadas à gestão ambiental.
Physiological potential of Phaseolus lunatus L. seeds subjected to water stress at different temperatures
Authors: Nascimento Maria das Graças Rodrigues , Silva Maria Lúcia Maurício da , Alves Edna Ursulino , Rodrigues Caroline Marques
Published: October 2019

Germination is negatively influenced by water scarcity and by temperatures above or below the optimal range of the species, so it is necessary to know the critical point of absorption for the species or cultivar. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of water stress, simulated by solutions of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) at different temperatures, on the germination and vigor of seeds of four cultivars (Branca, Orelha de Vó, Rosinha and Roxinha) of beans (Phaseolus lunatus L.). The water stress simulation was performed using PEG 6000 solutions at concentrations of 0.0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, -1.0, and -1.2 MPa at temperatures of 25, 30, and 35 ° C. The analyzed variables were percentage of germination at first count, germination speed index, length of aerial part and primary root of seedlings, and dry mass of the respective parts of the seedlings. The seeds of the cultivar Orelha de Vó were more sensitive to water stress, with 88% germinating up to the potential of -0.6 MPa at the tested temperatures. The cultivars Branca, Rosinha, and Roxinha germinated (94, 100, and 100%, respectively) up to the potential of -0.8 MPa. Water stress simulated by PEG (6000) negatively affects seed twinning and seed vigor of bean cultivars.
Crop-livestock integration and the physical resilience of a degraded Latosol
Authors: Silva José Fausto Guimarães , Gonçalves Wainer Gomes , Costa Kátia Aparecida de Pinho , Flávio Neto José , Brito Marlete Ferreira de , Silva Felipe Carreira da , Severiano Eduardo da Costa
Published: October 2019

The degradation of pastures in Brazil is a problem of agronomic and environmental importance because it impairs the productive capacity of the soil and the hydrological cycle. In this context, the integration of agriculture and livestock emerges as a promising practice in recovering degraded soils through aggregation, increasing organic carbon in the soil and breaking compacted layers via the growth of grass roots. This study aimed to evaluate suitable indicators of physical quality in regard to mitigating structural changes of a Latosol cultivated with different species of the genus Brachiaria. We evaluated the grasses Brachiaria brizantha (Xaraés, Piatã, Marandu), Brachiaria decumbens and Brachiaria ruziziensis and adopted fallow and conventional tillage as controls. Soil samples were used to evaluate the parameters total organic carbon, soil aggregation via wet sieving and the least limiting water range (LLWR). Total organic carbon and aggregate stability were not suitable indicators for quantifying soil structural changes, remaining high in the evaluated conservation systems, with a difference observed only in the control with conventional tillage. The LLWR varied among all systems and layers evaluated. Xaraés palisadegrass, followed by the Piatã and Marandu cultivars, stood out in terms of biological soil loosening ability, being similar to the recovery caused by soil tillage. Furthermore, B. decumbens showed intermediate performance, while B. ruziziensis showed activity similar to that in the fallow treatment, indicating limited potential for soil physical recovery.
Sources of paratyphoid Salmonella in the production chain of broilers in the Northern mesoregion of Maranhão State, Brazil
Authors: Brito Daniela Aguiar Penha , Sousa Gracielle Lopes Almeida , Souza Yara Lima de , Reis Vanessa , Silva Jéssica Ravane de Sousa , Reis Adriana , Oba Alexandre
Published: October 2019

Paratyphoid Salmonella significantly impacts modern poultry farming, because it is one of the main causes of foodborne diseases in the world. Efforts have been made by the government and poultry industry to reduce the existence of Salmonella in the entire poultry production chain through sanitary programs. The aim of this work was to investigate the occurrence of Salmonella spp. and its serovars in environmental sources of production, poultry, and carcasses slaughtered in an artisanal manner in the northern mesoregion of Maranhão State, Brazil. A total of 520 samples were collected, comprising drag swabs (n = 60), prope (n = 60), cecal feces (n = 60), feed of feeder (n = 60), and cloacal swabs (n = 100) of poultry sent for slaughter, and newly slaughtered carcasses (n = 180). The samples were subjected to culture and isolation of Salmonella spp. and serotyping. The occurrence of the genus Salmonella was 25.0% (15/60) in drag swabs, 16.6% (10/60) in prope, 1.7% (1/60) in cecal feces, absent (0/60) in the feed, 7% (7/100) in cloacal swabs, and 48.9% (88/180) in poultry carcasses. Fifteen Salmonella enterica serovars were identified in the samples, with the highest occurrence in the Schwarzengrund (28.09%; 34/121), Albany (19.83%; 24/121), Enteritidis (7.43%; 9/121), and Heidelberg (7.43%; 9/121). Salmonella ser. Schwarzengrund showed higher predominance in the poultry production chain, with greater isolation in carcass samples (34 isolates), while Salmonella ser. Enteritidis had the highest occurrence in the initial production chain. The results of our study indicate the need to implement sanitary control in farms for paratyphoid salmonella and that artisanal poultry slaughter can increase bacterial dissemination in the final product, representing a public health risk.
Molecular, serological, and parasitological detection of Babesia vogeli in dogs in the state of Piauí, Brazil
Authors: Braga Juliana Fortes Vilarinho , Souza Francisco de Assis Leite , Silva Lucilene dos Santos , Fonseca Luciano Santos da , Pinho Flaviane Alves de , Fotoran Wesley Luzetti , Ramos-Sanchez Eduardo Milton , Costa-Júnior Lívio Martins , Ribeiro Múcio Flávio Barbosa , Silva Silvana Maria Medeiros de Sousa
Published: October 2019

Studies on canine babesiosis in northeastern Brazil are scarce, although the weather conditions in this region are favorable for the development of the tick vector. This study determined the prevalence of Babesia vogeli in dogs sampled in Teresina, state of Piauí, northeast Brazil, using direct and indirect diagnostic methods and performed a phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA sequences. A total of 315 dogs were screened during routine care regardless of clinical suspicion. Blood was collected by jugular venipuncture to perform indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and for parasite screening in peripheral blood smears. Positivity was 2.2% (7/315) by microscopy, 4.8% (15/315) by PCR, and 48.6% (153/315) by IFA. PCR amplified a 602-bp fragment of the piroplasmid 18S rRNA gene, and sequence alignment and analysis revealed 99% homology with B. vogeli isolates from other regions of Brazil and other countries. In addition, there was high variability among sequences from other northeast states of Brazil. This study is the first to perform the molecular analysis of B. vogeli in Piauí. The results demonstrate that canine babesiosis is endemic in dogs sampled in Teresina and that PCR may be the method of choice to perform parasite screening in this region.
Multidrug resistant and ESBL-producing Salmonella spp. isolated from poultry
Authors: Souza Marielen de , Brito Daniela Aguiar Penha , Menck-Costa Maísa Fabiana , Oba Alexandre , Kobayashi Renata Katsuko Takayama , Justino Larissa , Baptista Ana Angelita Sampaio
Published: October 2019

Salmonella spp. is one of the main agents responsible for foodborne infection in humans, and products of poultry origin are the most common infection sources. Studies have shown the occurrence of antimicrobials resistant Salmonella spp. in animal products. The Extended Spectrum ?-Lactamase (ESBL) are enzymes that confer to bacteria the ability to hydrolyze cephalosporin with an oximino side chain and monobactams. This study aimed to investigate antimicrobial resistance profile, identify phenotypes and genotypes for multiple drug resistance (MDR) and that produce ESBL from isolates of Salmonella spp. in the broiler production chain. We used samples of Salmonella spp. (n=11) isolates from poultry, poultry products and poultry-source environment from the state of Maranhão - Brazil. The isolates of Salmonella spp. assessed showed genotypical and phenotypical characteristics of MDR. The results show that 72.72% (08/11) of the strains presented the phenotypic profile for ESBL production. The isolates showed positivity to at least 13.64% (03/22) of the genes studied and the highest frequencies were observed in genes sul1 (73%), dfrA12 (55%), blaCTX-M (55%), tetA, tetB and tetC, with 45%. In conclusion, the strains of Salmonella spp. isolates present genotypic and phenotypic characteristics for MDR and ESBL production, demonstrating the dissemination risk of these microorganisms through the food chain.
Use of emulsifier and lipase in feeds for broiler chickens
Authors: Oliveira Lennon Santos de , Balbino Eric Márcio , Silva Tamiris Natalice Santos , Ily Lin , Rocha Tatiana Cristina da , Strada Evani Souza de Oliveira , Pinheiro Alexandre Moraes , Brito Jeronimo Avito Gonçalves de
Published: October 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of exogenous emulsifier and lipase in diets on performance, digestibility, and organ biometry of broiler chickens. A completely randomised design with seven treatments and seven replications was adopted. The treatments were as follows: T1 (positive control; PC): 3000, 3100, 3200, and 3250 Kcal of metabolisable energy (ME) kg-1 of diet for phases 1 to 10, 11 to 21, 22 to 31, and 32 to 37 days, respectively; T2: PC with reduction in ME of 30 Kcal kg-1 of diet; T3: PC with reduction in ME of 60 Kcal kg-1 of feed; T4 (negative control; NC): PC with reduction in ME of 90 Kcal kg-1 of feed; T5: NC with inclusion of exogenous lipase (10 000 U kg-1); T6: NC with inclusion of emulsifier (250 g t-1); and T7: NC with inclusion of lipase (10 000 U kg-1) and emulsifier (250 g t-1) in the period from 1 to 37 days of rearing. Performance characteristics (weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), and feed conversion (FC)), carcass yield, cut yield, the relative weight of abdominal fat and organs (small intestine, liver, and pancreas), and relative intestinal length, in addition to dry matter digestibility (CDADM), ethereal extract (CDAEE), crude metabolisable energy (CMACE), and apparent metabolisable energy (AME) of the diets, were evaluated. In the initial phase, the CDAEE was higher for the PC group than for the emulsifier + lipase group. The AME determined in the final phase for the group supplemented with an emulsifier was higher by approximately 50 Kcal (EM) than the NC group. The WG of the lipase group was similar to that of the PC group. However, the groups with emulsifier and emulsifier + lipase showed a lower WG than the PC group. The additives used did not recover the FC to the same level observed in the PC group. The reduction in ME of 90 Kcal kg-1 generated a lower WG and worse FC. The use of both an emulsifier and lipase together produced results like to the PC group. The biometrics of the organs and the carcass yield and cuts were not influenced by diets. Thus, it can be concluded that the inclusion of lipase and an emulsifier improves the performance of broilers given diets with reduced energy, although it does not improve the lipid utilisation of the diets.