bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Product Approach-Based RAFT Strategy in Teaching Writing Personal Letters
Authors: Pratiwi Yoesis Ika , Raja Patuan , Flora Flora
Published: June 2024

This present study aimed to find out 1) whether there is improvement in students’ writing, and 2) the problems during the implementation of product approach-based RAFT strategy in teaching writing. The sample of the research was a group of fifth grade students at School of Victory, Bandar Lampung. This quantitative research had one-group pretest-posttest design. The instruments were writing test and observation checklist. The data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. The result showed that the students’ ability in writing personal letter improved as some tests done helped verify that the improvement of students writing ability was significant. As one of the writing aspects, content improved the most. The problems indicated during the treatments belonged to some criteria namely teachers’ attitude, lack of students’ concentration, learners’ perspective, lack of vocabulary, and lack of practice and repetition. It was asserted that product approach-based RAFT strategy helped students to understand the target text through the four stages of the product approach. Moreover, RAFT led the students to plan and organize their writing ideas. However, some students seemed to have some problems during the treatment which mainly specified on their concentration, perspective, and vocabulary mastery. It was indicated that one or two students needed more practice and repetition in writing way more than the treatments in this study could provide
2. Fachkongress Konstruktiver Ingenieurbau 2024
Authors: Lochner-Aldinger Irmgard ,   Technische Akademie Esslingen e. V.
Published: June 2024

Der Konstruktive Ingenieurbau ist von grundlegender Bedeutung für die Gestaltung unserer modernen Welt. Als Fachgebiet, das sich mit Entwurf, Planung und Realisierung von Bauwerken befasst, spielt er eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Schaffung sicherer, funktionaler, ästhetisch ansprechender Strukturen und trägt maßgeblich zu einer nachhaltig, effizient, lebenswert gebauten Umwelt bei. Dabei werden fortschrittliche digitale Technologien, neue Entwurfs- und Projektmanagementmethoden, moderne Fertigungs- und Inspektionsverfahren sowie innovative Werkstoffe entwickelt und angewendet, die die Tragfähigkeit, Stabilität und Langlebigkeit von Bauwerken gewährleisten sowie Aspekte der Nachhaltigkeit und Kreislaufwirtschaft berücksichtigen. Das vorliegende Tagungshandbuch enthält die vorab eingereichten Beiträge zu den Vorträgen.
Directions for the development of the digital logistics infrastructure of China's smart cities
Authors: Jiang Lin
Published: June 2024

A study of the directions of development of the digital logistics infrastructure of the “smart” cities of China has been conducted. The origin of the terms “infrastructure” and “logistics infrastructure” has been studied. The role of the logistics infrastructure is revealed, its functions and objects are defined. Using the example of the development of the digital logistics infrastructure of smart cities in China, it is proved that the functioning and development of urban agglomerations is inextricably linked with the formation of a logistics infrastructure based on the introduction of information and communication technologies. The scheme of the logistics infrastructure of the “smart” city of China is illustrated. The software system City Brain (“City brain”), developed in 2016 by Alibaba on the basis of artificial intelligence, is investigated. A diagram of the intelligent transport logistics market of China's “smart” cities with a forecast for 2024 is presented. It is noted that the transport management system is one of the key aspects of the development of digital logistics infrastructure. The contribution of China's largest companies forming the logistics infrastructure of smart cities is analyzed. It is revealed that in order to implement the smart city system, it is necessary to prepare such a logistical infrastructure that will be able to ensure the development of urban agglomerations in the following areas: intelligent public safety; intelligent transport management; intelligent construction and real estate; intelligent utilities; intelligent healthcare; intelligent education, etc. The forecast for the development of the global smart cities market until 2029 is outlined. Conclusions are drawn about the impact of the degree of quality of management of available resources, assets and services on the level of life in smart cities.
Review for the textbook “Economic assessment of investments” / under the general editorship of N. G. Gadzhiev
Authors: Nabiev Ramazan Abdulmuminovich , Akhmedova Khamida Gadzhialievna
Published: June 2024

In the conditions of market relations and improvement of management, development of a new strategy for the development of organizations, the role and importance of investments is increasing. Investments are of decisive importance for ensuring sustainable economic growth, increasing production efficiency and the overall level of economic development of both enterprises and the state. “Economic assessment of investments” is an academic discipline that systemizes theoretical, methodological and practical principles, knowledge and skills that make it possible to identify and scientifically substantiate the economic assessment of investment projects, determining the directions for making management decisions at different levels. A textbook for the discipline “Economic assessment of investments” is an integral part of economic science. Based on legislative acts, regulations, economic doctrines and evaluation disciplines, on extensive practical domestic and foreign experience, it examines the fundamental principles of the effectiveness of investment projects, the theoretical aspects of calculating overall efficiency, and assessing risk factors. The textbook, prepared by the team of authors, examines the issues of economic evaluation of investments and determining the effectiveness of measures proposed by students, provides various methods for assessing risks and methods for finding indicators of the effectiveness of investment projects. The textbook is intended for students of higher educational institutions studying in the areas of training economic and technical specialties, including 08.03.01 “Construction”, 09.03.01 “Informatics and Computer Science”, 27.03.04 “Management in Technical Systems”, 13.03.03 “Power engineering”, 15.03.05 “Design and technological support of machine-building industries”.
Methodological approach and assessment of the state support measures implementation for the agro-industrial complex (using the example of Primorsky Territory)
Authors: Bubnovskaya Tatyana Viktorovna , Oslopova Marina Vladimirovna
Published: June 2024

The necessity of developing measures of state support for the agro-industrial complex on the example of the Primorsky Territory is substantiated. The negative impact on the development of the industry from a number of factors is estimated: climatic and natural, economic and foreign economic, significant changes in market conditions, etc. The urgency of the problem of improving the methodological approach to the implementation of measures of financial state support for the agro-industrial complex, in particular agriculture, is revealed. It was noted that the agricultural sector of the Primorsky Territory maintains high rates of growth in agricultural production. The official data on the volumes and indices of agricultural production in the Primorsky Territory are given. The dependence of the region on the import of basic foodstuffs was noted, which has a negative impact on the food security of the Far Eastern Federal District. The goals and objectives of the state programs of the Primorsky Territory are considered, which contain key economic indicators, priorities of state policy; an assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of state programs is carried out, which is also an assessment of the effectiveness of state support for the agro-industrial complex as a whole. The aspects that should be taken into account when developing an up-to-date methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of state programs, as well as regulations and documents, are listed. Conclusions are drawn about the expediency of using a sophisticated version of the methodology for evaluating the effectiveness of state programs, since this will facilitate the search and development by the responsible executor of the program of measures aimed at supporting agricultural producers in the region. The directions of increasing the effectiveness of financial state support measures are caused by the need to fulfill the planned values of indicators approved by the Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation.
Transformation of the category “human capital” in foreign and domestic economic thought
Authors: Churkina Ekaterina Sergeevna
Published: June 2024

Human capital is a key element of the productive forces in the global economic system. The changes that are taking place in the modern world dictate new requirements for human capital, complemented by digital competencies, individual and creative human development. Throughout the development of labor and economic relations, human capital has changed in its qualitative content, functionality and ideological content. The study and assessment of human capital in all historical periods of development has been a priority area of research. Thus, the general global approach to defining the concept of “human capital”, which assumes that labor resources are a source of national income, is transformed into a personalized approach with an emphasis on the uniqueness of a person with his individual set of competencies. The article examines the approaches to the content of the concept of “human capital” of foreign and domestic representatives of economic thought. The contribution of various scientists to the development of the essence of the category “human capital” is highlighted, and the stages of the formation of approaches to the content of the concept “human capital” are systematized. The stages of transformation of the category "human capital" are listed: labor as the main source of income, the allocation of the concept of human capital into an independent category, attempts to value human capital, the need to invest in the development of human capital, the transition to personification and development of competencies, the impact of digitalization on the qualitative characteristics of human capital. Conclusions are drawn about the need to revise the concept, approaches and methods to the study and assessment of human capital in modern conditions.
Neutralizing threats of implementing digital tools in transport and logistics systems
Authors: Dmitriev Aleksandr Viktorovich
Published: June 2024

The issues of ensuring economic security are discussed as one of the most important qualitative characteristics of logistics systems, which determine the ability to establish parameters of material flows in the process of commodity movement during the introduction of digital systems and technologies. The analysis of modern risks and threats characteristic of the development of digital ecosystems of transport and logistics services is carried out. The key factors of ensuring economic security and their importance in logistics from the point of view of operational control over compliance with established key indicators of commodity movement are investigated. The definition of the concept of “economic security” is given from the point of view of the protection of the business entity from external and internal threats to increase the level of competitiveness and stability of the enterprise in the market. The issues of ensuring the parameters of commodity movement within the established thresholds are addressed in order to achieve optimal functioning of the commodity distribution system and ensure the economic activity of the enterprise with all necessary resources. Logistics systems are being investigated for the effective organization and management of material flows aimed at ensuring the reliability of the functioning and implementation of the strategy of economic entities. The necessity of using modern digital technologies to increase the level of economic security in logistics systems and transparency, controllability and traceability of material flows in the field of commodity circulation is substantiated. The fact of digitalization of cargo delivery processes is considered from the perspective of the ecosystem paradigm and platform concept. The patterns of transformation of traditional logistics operators into providers of digital logistics services are substantiated. A model of a cyberphysical ecosystem in logistics has been developed that provides end-to-end management of business processes and data exchange in the process of product distribution.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair Eco Enzym bersama BUMDES Desa Jembulwunut
Authors: Manaf Abdul , Fathurohman Irfai
Published: June 2024

From the observation activities of the Field Study and Community Service (Kuliah Kerja Nyata) 112 team in Jembulwunut village, they obtained data that the majority of people work as farmers, however they find it difficult to obtain fertilizer, practicing how to make Eco-enzyme organic fertilizer with Village-Owned Enterprise (Badan Usaha Milik Desa) Jembulwunut to support agricultural development, particularly reducing environmental pollution of agricultural land because of the materials used are organic waste such as vegetable and fruit waste that cannot be consumed anymore, it has high nutrient elements to maintain soil fertility and as a substitute for synthetic chemical fertilizers which are difficult to obtain and whose prices are getting higher every year.
Symmetric Toeplitz Determinants for Classes Defined by Post Quantum Operators Subordinated to the Limaçon Function
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Dawaraka Doss Goverdhan Doss Vaishnav College, Gokul Bagh, Arumbakkam, India. Email: vijishreekanth@gmail.com., Sangarambadi Padmanabhan Vijayalakshmi , Sudharsan Thirumalai Vinjimur ,   Department of Mathematics, S.I.V.E.T. College, Gowrivakkam, Chennai, India. Email: tvsudharsan@rediffmail.com., Bulboacă Teodor ,   Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. Email: bulboaca@math.ubbcluj.ro.
Published: June 2024

The present extensive study is focused to find estimates for the upper bounds of the Toeplitz determinants. The logarithmic coefficients of univalent functions play an important role in different estimates in the theory of univalent functions, and in the this paper we derive the estimates of Toeplitz determinants and Toeplitz determinants of the logarithmic coefficients for the subclasses Ls𝑆𝑝𝑞 L𝑠C𝑝𝑞 and LsS𝑝𝑞 ∩ S, L𝑠𝐶𝑝𝑞 ∩ S, 0 q≤p≤10 𝑞≤𝑝≤1, defined by post quantum operators, which map the open unit disc 𝐷 onto the domain bounded by the limaçon curve defined by ∂Ds:={u+iv∈C:(u−1)2+v2−s4.2=4s2(u−1+s2)2+v2.}, where s∈−1,1.∖{0}.
Keywords: Limaçon domain, subordination, (p, q)–derivative, Toeplitz and Hankel determinants, symmetric Toeplitz determinant, logarithmic coefficients, starlike functions with respect to symmetric points.
Determining Differential Tolerances of Newly Released vs. Traditional Cultivars of Common Ornamental Species to Preemergence Herbicides
Authors: Yin Chengyao , Marble Chris
Published: June 2024

Hundreds of new woody ornamental plant cultivars are introduced into the nursery industry each year which have many desirable aesthetic traits. However, in recent years growers have reported a higher level of herbicide sensitivity with certain cultivars compared with older cultivars that have been in the trade for multiple years. The objective of this research was to determine the tolerance of 12 different cultivars of five ornamental species including four cultivars of Loropetalum chinense [‘Ruby’, ‘Shang-hi’ PP18331 (Purple Diamond®), ‘Irodori’ USPP 27713 (Jazz Hands®), and ‘PIILC-I’ (Crimson Fire™), and two cultivars of Gardenia jasminoides (‘Frostproof’ and ‘Buttons’), Lagerstroemia indica [‘JM7’ PP34092 (Thunderstruck™ Ruby) and ‘Tuscarora’], Rhododendron [‘Conlet’ PP12111 (Autumn Carnival Encore®) and ‘Fashion’], and Ligustrum sinense Sunshine (‘Sunshine’ PP20379 and ‘Variegatum’) to spray-applied applications of dimethenamid-P or isoxaben + prodiamine and granular applications of dimethenamid-P + pendimethalin and indaziflam. While little to no injury was observed in gardenia or crape myrtles, significant injury and differences among cultivars of the same species were observed in azalea, loropetalum, and ligustrum. Results indicate that all new cultivars should be evaluated for herbicide tolerance by growers prior to wide scale application as significant differences in both growth and injury ratings were observed between different cultivars of the same species.

Species used in this study: Ruby Loropetalum (Loropetalum chinense (R.Br.) Oliv. ‘Ruby’); Purple Diamond® loropetalum (Loropetalum chinense ‘Shang-hi’ PP18331); Jazz Hands loropetalum (Loropetalum chinense ‘Irodori’ USPP 27713); Crimson Fire™ loropetalum (Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum ‘PIILC-I’); Frostproof gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis ‘Frostproof’); Buttons gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides ‘Buttons’); Thunderstruck™ Ruby crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia × ‘JM7’ PP34092); Tuscarora crape myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica L. ‘Tuscarora’); Autumn Carnival Encore® azalea (Rhododendron ‘Conlet’ PP12111); Fashion azalea (Rhododendron × ‘Fashion’); Sunshine ligustrum (Ligustrum sinense Lour. ‘Sunshine’ PP20379); Variegated ligustrum (Ligustrum sinense ‘Variegatum’).

Chemicals used in this study: dimethenamid-P (Tower®), (S)-2-chloro-N-(2,4-dimethyl-3-thienyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)-acetamide; dimethenamid-P+ pendimethalin (FreeHand®) (S)-2-chloro-N-[(1-methyl-2-methoxy)ethyl]-N-(2,4-dimethyl-thien-3-yl)-acetamide + N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenam; indaziflam (Marengo®G) N-[(1R,2S)-2,3-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-1H-inden-1-yl]-6-[(1RS)-1 fluoroethyl]-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine; prodiamine + isoxaben (Gemini® SC) 2,6-Dinitro-N1,N1-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene-1,3-diamine + 2,6-Dimethoxy-N-[3-(3-methylpentan-3-yl)-1,2-oxazol-5-yl]benzamide.
The Driving Forces and Barriers of Golf Course Superintendents' Adoption of Precision Irrigation Technology
Authors: Wang Yang , Yue Chengyan , Watkins Eric , Straw Chase
Published: June 2024

With the water scarcity crisis, how to use water more efficiently has become an issue that needs to be addressed. The US golf industry, which is known for its high irrigation water consumption, is seeking water-saving strategies. One possible solution is the adoption of precision irrigation technology. The technology is often regarded as an effective water-saving strategy in agricultural production, but the technology’s adoption rate in US golf courses remains low. This paper aims to identify the driving forces and barriers to adoption of precision irrigation technologies among US golf course superintendents, as well as strategies to promote the adoption. Over one hundred golf course superintendents completed questions about precision irrigation technology adoption, golf course operation and demographics in our online survey. The results show the three main driving forces of precision irrigation technology adoption are reducing water use, increasing playability, and better turfgrass aesthetics, and the three main barriers are high initial adoption cost, approval by higher level administrators needed, and lack of information about the effectiveness of the technology. The main information sources used by golf course superintendents are industry association and peer referral. The results have important implications on how to improve the adoption rate of the precision irrigation technology on golf courses.
direito de morrer
Authors: Martinazzo Camila Richter , Gehelen Maristela Heinen
Published: June 2024

Ao abordar o direito de morrer, por intermédio da uma conduta utilizada pela medicina denominada ortotanásia, para alguns pacientes em estado terminal, se é questionado se o procedimento encontra-se respaldado pelo princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana e pelos preceitos éticos. Partindo dessa problemática, os estudos avançaram sobre a conduta médica, reconhecendo que o procedimento médico de interromper os tratamentos, muitas vezes invasivos, com o intuito de prolongar a vida, podem ser interrompidos, desde que haja o consentimento do indivíduo e seus familiares nos casos em que aquele se encontra em estado vegetativo, adotando a opção da ortotanásia. Nesta linha, verifica-se que a prática médica da ortotanásia, associada com o consentimento do paciente, leva em consideração a observância da dignidade humana, não infringindo o indivíduo e evitando um sofrimento desnecessário, uma vez que o resultado não reverterá o seu diagnóstico. Constata-se desta forma que o princípio da dignidade humana e preceitos éticos serão observados na prática da ortotanásia, assegurando ao paciente um certo “conforto” na sua fase terminal. O resultado da aplicabilidade do procedimento ortotanásico, pode ser considerado como ético, constitucional e em observância ao ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, vez que atende o princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana, o direito à vida e, consequentemente, a opção pelo direito de morrer. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido por intermédio de pesquisa bibliográfica, utilizando-se de doutrinas, legislação, jurisprudências e resoluções da área médica, com a utilização do método dedutivo.
Social housing - between design and social practices: The case of the 670 social housing units in Oran
Authors: Benyamina Bachir , Benkoula Sidi Mohammed el Habib
Published: June 2024

Housing represents the initial place where each individual has the opportunity to reconnect with their identity. It should offer every family the opportunity to live according to their lifestyle. Most people aspire to a living space that reflects both their aspirations and their way of life, while also taking into account the demands of everyday life. Since independence, Algeria has shown a remarkable commitment to promoting social housing, mobilising significant efforts in this area. However, what has been observed is that professionals design housing that occupants adapt to their daily needs. Despite the in-depth analyses by numerous researchers revealing the significance of these transformations, professionals persist in reproducing the same spatial patterns, thus demonstrating a certain indifference towards the work of academic research. Residents have tried to adapt to these housing units by making modifications to gain more space both inside and out. Inside, these transformations were appreciated by the occupants. From the outside, these remodellings have had a negative impact on the overall image of the city. The balance between quantity and quality was not taken into account, even though the aim of rapid construction was to alleviate pressure on the housing market. This article aims to question occupants' practices to establish a link between the housing designed and built, and occupants' expectations. The analytical approach used is post occupancy evaluation (POE) - a multi-method approach to data collection that includes direct observation, plan analysis and questionnaire. The housing units studied were not selected according to any particular method but rather chosen on the basis of the residents who agreed to answer the questions and share their lifestyle and expectations regarding their housing. Data processing, through a comparison between the initial plan drawn up by the designer and the current plan modified by the inhabitant, enabled us to deduce the discrepancies that exist between the two plans and to understand the modes of appropriation of the housing's interior space.
The Bureaucratization of the Romanian Education System from a Weberian Perspective
Authors: Cardaş-Răduţa Dan-Laurențiu
Published: June 2024

The study aims to identify the causes and effects of the bureaucratization of the Romanian education system, in relation to the Weberian theory of bureaucracy. The principles of bureaucracy, enunciated by Max Weber, are discussed and the way they are taken into account and perceived in the case of education in Romania is followed. The study also aims to compare Romania with other countries (Finland, Spain and the United Kingdom) in terms of the perception of bureaucracy. The main results of the other research show that the countries mentioned follow a pragmatic approach, while the Romanian education system prefers a bureaucratic approach. This difference results from the standards that are lacking in Romanian education, both at management level and in terms of educational activities themselves. In pre-university education in Romania, for example, there is a culture of control, without a clear picture of what a high-performing school means, school inspections become only a bureaucratic action, without really measuring the quality of teachers and education. In higher education, bureaucracy is confirmed by the permanent appointment of rectors or by other legislative decisions that burden universities with tasks that should be carried out by other institutions. The new education laws in Romania increase the bureaucracy already existing in the education system, and all this is the result of misunderstanding and misapplication of the principles of bureaucracy.
Utilising Artificial Intelligence Chatbots for Student Support at Comprehensive Open Distance E-learning Higher Learning Institutions in the Fifth Industrial Revolution
Authors: Mashilo Modiba , Shekgola Mahlatse
Published: June 2024

Artificial intelligence chatbot technology holds tremendous potential to be deployed as a student support service automation platform in comprehensive open distance e-learning institutions of higher learning in the Fifth Industrial Revolution. Inadequate support service provision to students at comprehensive open distance e-learning institutions of higher education has prompted this investigation into the use of artificial intelligence chatbot technology for the provision of student support services at comprehensive open distance e-learning higher education institutions in the Fifth Industrial Revolution. This qualitative study adopted content analysis as its research methodology, which is grounded in a literature review that incorporated insights from the researchers’ experiences with utilising artificial intelligence chatbots for student support in comprehensive open distance e-learning higher education institutions in the Fifth Industrial Revolution. The findings of the study indicate that artificial intelligence chatbot technology may be able to provide support services to students in a comprehensive open distance e-learning setting. Artificial intelligence chatbots can be utilised in the administration department to respond and make calls to students, as well as provide information about the application and registration processes, and assist students in this regard. Students could also use the artificial intelligence chatbots for learning and to conduct research. The study recommends a framework for the use of artificial intelligence chatbots for the provision of support services to students at comprehensive open distance e-learning higher education institutions in a new and emerging phase of industrialisation, namely the Fifth Industrial Revolution.
Indicators of The Quality of The Didactic Process in Higher Education from The Student’s Perspective
Authors: Anghel Gabriela Alina , Voicu Camelia Delia
Published: June 2024

Quality in education represents a predictor of education for sustainability development. This article aims to measure: (a) the level of satisfaction perceived by students regarding the development of the didactic communication process (OS1) (b) the assessment of the importance given by the student to the organizational and didactic practices necessary to increase the quality of university education (OS2). The research is quantitative, and its specific tools were designed considering the following variables: (a) dependent variables: satisfaction, and knowledge, and (b) independent variables: indicators of effective communication quality, teacher competencies, effective learning practices, quality of training, importance and performance in training professional and transversal skills, indicators of conflict of interest and ethical dilemmas. The data processing aimed at determining the average scores for each dimension investigated and their ranking was based on the values obtained for each provided subsample. The resulting values have an average score of 1.45 and 1.34, respectively, revealing a relatively small distance between those two dimensions. This leads us to appreciate that students know the role, place and importance of the learning environment in increasing academic performance. Providing support services for students is also perceived as important since the average score obtained is 1.23 - not far from the average of those related to the learning environment. Didactic communication contributes to the efficiency of the didactic process; it is appreciated that empathy, personal integrity and expressiveness are the attributes that any teacher must possess; compliance with the rules can be considered a pillar of academic quality and academic success. At the ranking level, those dimensions rank first in importance, followed by “learning autonomy” (second place), ensuring an adequate learning environment (third place) and providing support services for students (fourth place).
Teachers’ attitudes towards the implementation and involvement in GREEN activities at pre-school level
Authors: Constantin Florina-Veronica , Oprea Teodora-Maria , Opricescu Carmen , Ștefan Ileana , Vechiu Teodora-Marilena
Published: June 2024

Pre-school education is a crucial time in the formation of children’s individual personalities and values. In the context of growing concerns about climate change and environmental sustainability, integrating GREEN education into the pre-school system is becoming an essential choice for preparing new generations for global environmental challenges. In this sense, the proposed research focuses on teachers’ attitudes towards the implementation and involvement in GREEN activities at pre-school level. A key aspect of this research is to identify the underlying motivations behind the adoption of GREEN education in pre-school settings. Exploring these reasons will shed light not only on the theoretical and normative aspects that support the need for GREEN education, but also on the practical aspects related to the benefits observed in children’s development in terms of environmental awareness, social responsibility and the formation of sustainable behaviours.The research will also focus on the level of teachers’ interest in the application of GREEN education in the preschool learning process. Assessing this aspect will contribute to understanding the degree of teachers’ receptiveness and willingness to integrate specific GREEN education themes and activities into the curriculum.The research will also explore ways of implementing GREEN education in the pre-school environment, highlighting effective practices and obstacles encountered by teachers in the process. This approach will provide useful information for the development of educational strategies and resources to facilitate the effective integration of GREEN themes into pre-school curricula.

Through this research, we will also investigate the level of knowledge teachers’ knowledge about GREEN education, identifying possible gaps in their professional training in this field. The results will provide essential information for the development of in-service training programmes to support teachers in improving their skills in GREEN education. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to bring attention to teachers’ attitudes towards implementing and engaging in GREEN activities at pre-school level, providing relevant and practical data for improving the quality of pre-school education and training future generations in sustainability.
Chickens’ eggs and the livers of farm animals as sources of perfluoroalkyl substances
Authors: Mikołajczyk Szczepan , Warenik-Bany Małgorzata , Pajurek Marek
Published: June 2024

Introduction

This study focuses on perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) content in chickens’ eggs and the livers of farm animals.

Material and Methods

Chickens’ eggs (n = 25) and the livers of cows (n = 10), chickens (n = 7) and horses (n = 3) were collected from various regions of Poland. Samples were analysed using the isotope dilution technique with liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Results

The mean lower bound (LB) sum of four PFAS (∑4 PFAS) concentrations (perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS)) were the highest in cows’ livers (0.52 μg/kg) and much lower in chickens’ (0.17 μg/kg) and horses’ livers (0.13 μg/kg) and chickens’ eggs (0.096 μg/kg). The ratio of ∑4 PFASs to the limits set by Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/915 was <7% for liver and <6% for eggs. Linear PFOS was the compound with the highest detection frequency (8% in eggs and 48% in all livers). In cows’ livers it was detected in 80% of samples. The estimated exposure to LB ∑4 PFASs via consumption of liver tissue from farm animals (assuming 50 g and 100 g portions) was <52% of the tolerable weekly intake (TWI) for children and <17% of the TWI for adults. Dietary intake via the average portion of three eggs led to low exposure of <15% for children and <5% for adults.

Conclusion

Neither eggs nor the livers of chickens or horses as analysed in this study are significant sources of PFASs, while cows’ livers might contribute significantly to a child’s overall dietary intake. Further investigation of PFOS in farm animal livers should be conducted.
The diagnostic value of selected immune parameters in peripheral blood of dogs with malignant mammary tumours – a preliminary study
Authors: Lisiecka Urszula , Brodzki Piotr , Śmiech Anna , Michalak Katarzyna , Winiarczyk Stanisław , Żylińska Beata , Adaszek Łukasz
Published: June 2024

Introduction

The main adaptive immune cells are T and B lymphocytes and they play key roles in the induction of immune responses against canine mammary tumours. Investigating these cell subpopulations may lead to more precise diagnosis of these malignancies.

Material and Methods

The percentages of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and of CD21+ B cells in the peripheral blood of bitches with malignant mammary tumours were compared with those in the blood of healthy animals. The phenotypic features of peripheral blood leukocytes were evaluated by flow cytometry.

Results

There was a significant difference in the mean percentages of CD3+ lymphocytes between healthy (66.7%) and metastatic dogs (46.1%), and between tumour-bearing non-metastatic (66.6%) and metastatic dogs. There was also a significant difference in CD4+ T helper cell percentages between healthy dogs (40.4%) and dogs with metastases (23.2%), and between the latter and dogs without them (35.5%). In the case of CD21+ lymphocyte subsets, a significant difference was noted between healthy animals (10.9%) and those with metastases (20.1%), and between the latter and patients without metastases (8.5%). There were also significant differences in CD3+/CD21+ ratios between the group with metastases (3.0), the healthy group (7.8), and the group without metastases (8.5). Similarly, a significant difference was noted in CD4+/CD8+ ratios between animals with metastases (1.4), bitches in the control group (2.2), and dogs without metastases (1.9).

Conclusion

Peripheral blood leukocyte phenotypic characteristics are putative novel biomarkers. These findings may be useful in future studies improving mammary tumour diagnostic procedures, especially in metastasis detection.
Distribution and Analysis of Responses to Extreme Weather Phenomena through Twitter
Authors: Kedhaton Arum Sekar , Arif Nursida
Published: June 2024

The aim of this research is to map the distribution of extreme weather events occurring in Indonesia through Tweets, which are subsequently validated with actual conditions, and to analyze the public sentiment regarding extreme weather. The research utilizes the Social Network Analysis (SNA) method, obtained from the netlytic.org website. Data collection was conducted for five days, from March 23 to March 27, 2023. However, only 249 tweets, or approximately 31% of the total, were related to extreme weather, specifically stormy rain phenomena in their true sense. The stormy rain phenomena were identified to have occurred on March 23 and March 27, 2023. There was also a hailstorm phenomenon in Pekanbaru, Riau. The highest occurrence of extreme weather events was recorded in several regions of Indonesia, including Bandung, Surabaya, Malang, Jakarta, and Riau. Most Twitter users' responses were negative (49%), followed by neutral responses (45%), and positive responses (6%).
Investigating Meteorological Drought in the Northern Region of Nigeria and its Linkage with Climatic Drivers
Authors: Olufemi Afolabi Ayoola , Bamiro Olufemi Adebisi
Published: June 2024

Drought is a dearth of water, and a recurrence in all regions, but severe in the semi-arid and arid areas with adverse climatic conditions. There have been quite several studies in the country, but fewer in comparison to flood studies, which is in part due to drought nature as a hazard in the region. Drought creeping presence, the prevalence in arid northern Nigeria, and the water deficient problems have spawned the need for this research. The study aims to investigate drought events and drivers using the Standardised Precipitation Index and Standardised Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index for assessing drought historicity, principal component analysis to ascertain the spatiotemporal distribution of rainfall and meteorological drought, in addition to wavelet analysis to determine the relationship with climatic drivers in the region. The region is around latitude 6° N and 14° N and between longitude 2° E and 15° E within the Savanna region of Nigeria covering an area of 729, 815 square kilometers. For analyses, gridded rainfall data was collected from 1951-2021 and processed with a 4-step homogeneity test to track the decline in rainfall and the advent of drought in the region. These analyses showed that drought episodes are a recurring climatic theme in the region, and it was severe in the 1970s, 1980s and continued into the 21st century. Also, principal component analysis and K-means clustering techniques proved that coherence and variation between the regions are a function of the spatial distance between them. Further examination proved that rainfall transits between humid to arid regions, declining in events and intensity as it moves northward of the area. Drought relationship with climatic indices outlines the Tropical South Atlantic as a principal factor with a leading signal of 4-12 months, in the influence of weather conditions, which creates a window in drought management through monitoring.
Influence of Tides Level on Tsunami Hydrodynamic in Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Tursina Tursina , Syamsidik Syamsidik , Kato Shigeru , Afifuddin Mochammad
Published: June 2024

Tides are the dominant physical process in the coastal environment. During high tide, water from the ocean flows through the bays and estuaries, causing inundation and raising water elevation. When low tides condition, the water level becomes lower than average and recedes into the sea. This process continues for a long day. Tsunami waves will interact with all coastal processes and affect the hydrodynamic forces of tsunami waves. In the deep sea, tides do not significantly influence wave propagation. However, in the shallow water zone, tides can change tsunami heights and affect the extent of inundation. Tides are usually ignored in tsunami hazard analysis. This would be an underestimate of the tsunami hazard calculation. This study aims to investigate tides' influence on tsunami runup hydrodynamics in Banda Aceh. The potential tsunami from an earthquake in the Aceh-Andaman subduction zone is modeled using  COMCOT (Cornell Multi Grid Coupled Tsunami Model) with magnitudes Mw 9.2, 8.6, and 8.2. We simulated the response of the three earthquake magnitudes on two different types of high and low tides. Several virtual gauges were placed to observe the tsunami height. Virtual gauges were also used to observe the tsunami arrival time at four tsunami escape buildings in Banda Aceh: the Ulee Lheue escape building, the Deah Glumpang escape building, the Alue Deah Teungoh escape building, and the Lambung escape building. The results show that the highest tide amplifies the tsunami inundation will be extended to about 30% farther inland compared to the condition if the tsunami occur during mean sea level condition. The interactions between tsunami and high tide significantly shorten tsunami arrival time on small magnitude tsunamis and are not significant in a large tsunami. This information is useful for enhancing early warning systems and evacuation procedures that can be adjusted to the tidal conditions in the study area.
Pulses Never Lie: Detecting Painless Aortic Dissection in a Stroke-Like Presentation
Authors: Ahmed Heba , Zaabi Sheikha , Salim Danish , Ahmed Nasser
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Aortic Dissection remains a formidable medical emergency, presenting a unique and challenging diagnostic puzzle due to its diverse range of manifestations. This critical condition, characterized by a tear in the aortic wall, demands urgent attention as it can lead to life-threatening complications. Typically, patients with aortic dissection experience excruciating pain, aiding in its recognition and timely management. However, there exists a less common and more insidious variant – painless aortic dissection, which poses a diagnostic dilemma due to its atypical presentation.
Case presentation
We report a case of painless aortic dissection in a 48 years old previously healthy man. He presented with an acute onset of left sided paralysis for 6 hours. Physical exam revealed a cool, pale and pulseless left lower extremity with a power of 0/5 and absent sensations. The right lower extremity was warm with palpable pulses and a power of 5/5. Pulse status was confirmed with doppler. Computed tomography angiography of the chest, abdomen and pelvis revealed a Type B dissecting aneurysm arising distal to the left innominate artery down to the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta. The patient's initial presentation of left sided paraplegia mimicked a cerebrovascular accident. The differentiation between the aortic dissection and cerebrovascular accident is crucial, especially when thrombolytic therapy is considered. However, detailed examination of the extremity including neurological examination, palpation of pulses and blood pressure measurement of all four limbs played a major role in differentiating aortic dissection from other causes of sudden onset paralysis.
Discussion
This case emphasizes the need for heightened clinical awareness and vigilance among healthcare professionals. A thorough physical examination in patients with sudden-onset paralysis including palpation of peripheral pulses and blood pressure measurements in all four limbs can provide critical clues to suspect aortic dissection.
Conclusion:
Timely diagnosis of aortic dissections is crucial, as there is a 1% increase in mortality for every hour delay in diagnosis and management. Vigilance and attention to detail are paramount in diagnosing and treating such rare occurrences, underscoring the complexities of medicine and the need for comprehensive patient care.
Integrating Social Rehabilitation into the Education System for Adolescent Drug Addicts: Legal Framework, Potential, and Challenges
Authors: Alhakim Abdurrakhman , Anakotta Marthsian Yeksi , Febriyani Emiliya , Tan Winsherly
Published: June 2024

Despite importance of education in overcoming drug addiction, the connection between the education system and the juvenile justice system remains unclear. Juvenile drug addicts often experience socially-disadvantaged situation, thereby social rehabilitation is an important aspect of recovery aside from medical rehabilitation. This research was performed to identify the challenges in social reintegration among juvenile drug addicts, describe the legal interplay between the relevant framework, and propose a model of legal development for the integration of social rehabilitation for juvenile drug addicts into the education system. Using normative legal research method and statutory approach, this research revealed numerous potentials and challenges in integrating social rehabilitation into the education system. A model consisting of normative reforms and practical framework of works is proposed to be applied by educational institutions and relevant government agencies. This research offers a vital step toward creating inclusive educational environments that prevent relapse and foster societal integration.
Adsorción de mercurio sobre nanopartículas de hierro soportadas en fibra de Fique: cinética e isoterma de adsorción
Authors: Zea Ramírez Hugo Ricardo , Bastidas Gómez Karen Giovanna , Sierra Ávila Cesar Augusto
Published: June 2024

Se estudia la adsorción de iones de mercurio de una solución acuosa sobre un adsorbente (fibra de fique con nanopartículas de hierro). Se estudió el efecto del pH, la concentración inicial de iones de mercurio ([Hg+2]) y la carga de hierro (Fe % peso) en el material adsorbente. De las superficies de respuesta experimentales obtenidos se infiere que en la adsorción de mercurio predomina el mecanismo de quimisorción respecto a la fisisorción. Se utilizaron las isotermas de Langmuir y Freundlich para describir la adsorción física del mercurio; sin embargo, no lograron describir adecuadamente la mayoría de las isotermas experimentales obtenidas. Se estableció que la cinética de adsorción de mercurio en la superficie de la fibra de fique con nanopartículas de hierro se describe mediante un modelo de pseudo-segundo orden que involucra la quimisorción (reacción química) como mecanismo de control de la velocidad, lo que indica que el proceso de adsorción es irreversible. El pH no tiene ningún efecto aparente sobre la adsorción en el rango de pH 4 a 7; sin embargo, para un pH superior a 8, la capacidad de adsorción aumenta a medida que aumenta el valor del pH.
Simulación de la capa límite atmosférica en el túnel de viento de la Universidad del Valle
Authors: Delgado Osorio Martha Elena , Ortiz Albert , Barona Jhon Jairo , Marulanda Casas Johannio , Thomson Peter
Published: June 2024

La precisa simulación del flujo de viento en la capa límite atmosférica en un túnel de viento es de suma importancia para diversas aplicaciones en ingeniería, abarcando campos como la ingeniería civil y ambiental, entre otros. En el contexto de investigar y caracterizar el comportamiento del viento en modelos a escala reducida de estructuras civiles, llevamos a cabo un estudio en el Túnel de Viento de la Escuela de Ingeniería Civil de la Universidad del Valle. El objetivo principal consistió en determinar la distribución adecuada de dispositivos generadores de turbulencia para replicar perfiles de velocidad específicos requeridos para exposiciones de tipo rural, suburbana y urbana. Este estudio se basó en la reproducción de tres perfiles de velocidad, representativos de exposiciones urbanas, suburbanas y rurales, a una escala de 1:200. Para lograr esto, implementamos generadores de vórtices de Irwin a tamaño completo, una barrera almenada y elementos de rugosidad de Counihan y Gartshore. La medición de la velocidad media en la sección de ensayos del túnel de viento se llevó a cabo utilizando sistemas de anemometría de hilo caliente y tubos de Pitot. Los resultados experimentales obtenidos al simular los perfiles de velocidad demostraron una correspondencia aceptable con los perfiles teóricos establecidos en el código de diseño NSR-10. Este estudio contribuye al avance en la comprensión y reproducción de perfiles de velocidad en el contexto de simulación de la capa límite atmosférica en túneles de viento, respaldando aplicaciones clave en el campo de la ingeniería.