bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Herbal Dalam Penyembuhan Luka Perineum
Authors: Pratiwi Yopi Suryatim , Handayani Sri , Hardaniyati Hardaniyati
Published: February 2022

Periode masa nifas adalah masa kembalinya organ reproduksi seperti keadaan sebelum hamil dalam waktu enam minggu setelah melahirkan. Infeksi nifas merupakan masalah yang sering terjadi pada masa nifas, salah satunya disebabkan oleh luka jalan lahir. Penyembuhan luka dapat dilakukan secara medis konvensional atau dengan terapi komplementer. Terapi komplementer juga dikenal dengan obat tradisional atau obat herbal untuk kesehatan dan keefektifannya diakui melalui beberapa jenis penelitian. Studi ini merupakan suatu tinjauan literatur yang mencoba menggali pemanfaatan herbal dalam penyembuhan luka perineum. Metode literatur dalam artikel ini yaitu dengan mengumpulkan jurnal terkait tanaman yang digunakan untuk menyembuhkan luka perineum. Hasil review dari 5 penelitian menunjukkan beberapa tanaman seperti lidah buaya, kayu manis, daun sirih merah, daun pegagan, dan daun teh hijau dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif penyembuhan luka perineum.
Kepuasan Pasien Terhadap Pelayanan Keperawatan (Caring) Di Ruang Rawat Inap
Authors: Yulandasari Vera , Sutomo Suswinda Yuli , Suhamdani Haris , Mastuty Amalia
Published: February 2022

Perilaku perawat merupakan salah satu indikator yang menentukan tingkat kepuasan pasien. Perilaku perawat yang tergolong tidak baik seringkali meyebabkan pasien merasa tidak puas. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh perilaku perawat dalam melayani pasien terhadap kepuasan pasien diruang rawat inap Flamboyan RSUD Praya. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Korelasional dengan  pendekatan Cross Sectional.  Sampel dalam peneltian ini adalah 41 responden pasien yang dipilih dengan teknik Insidental Sampling. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Penelitian ini menunjukan sebagian besar responden pasien menyatakan kurang puas yaitu sebanyak  58,5%.Berdasarkan hasil uji stastistik chi square didapatkan ada hubungan dengan tingkat kepuasan p = 0,005. Perilaku perawat yang baik berupa caring dapat  memberikan kepuasan kepada pasien selama menjalani perawatan.
Pengaruh Hipertensi Terhadap Tajam Penglihatan
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman
Published: February 2022

The aim of this  study was to evaluate the influence of hypertension to visual acuity. This study is non experimental with cross-sectional method and was carried out involving 73 respondents as sample from a population of 244 people aged 40 years, who were taken by simple random sampling in Kopang Primary Health Care, Central Lombok. Statistical analysis shows, this study revealed that the hypertension was significantly (P <0.05) influenced to visual acuity was equal to 47.9%, it mean that hypertension was found in 47.9% of those with low vision.
Perbedaan Persepsi Pasien Tentang Mutu Pelayanan Sebelum dan Sesudah Akreditasi di Puskemas Praya Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
Authors: Lalu Sulaiman , Sastrawan Sastrawan , Sani Sulwiyatul Kamariyah , Tasim Muslim
Published: February 2022

Akreditasi merupakan suatu upaya pemerintah untuk menjamin mutu pelayanan dalam hal ini yaitu pelayanan kesehatan. Pelayanan yang berkualitas bilamana pelayanan tersebut dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dan harapan pelanggan. Tidak hanya sampai disitu, pelayanan kesehatan yang berkualitas harus mampu mencegah terjadinya mal praktek (adverse event). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan persepsi pasien rawat jalan terhadap perbedaan mutu pelayaanan sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan akreditasi di Puskesmas Praya Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan partisipan utama adalah pasien rawat jalan yang pernah berobat sebelum maupun sesudah akreditasi. Sedangkan partisipan (sasaran) antara adalah kepala dan para petugas yang ada di Puskesmas Praya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan ada perbedaan persepsi partisipan tentang penampilan fisik dan sarana yang ada di puskemas Praya. Dalam arti bahwa penampilan fisik dan sarana pelayanan yang tersedia jauh lebih baik setelah akreditasi. Kecepatan pelayanan jauh lebih cepat dengan waktu tunggu yang lebih singkat. Selain itu perilaku petugas dalam memberikan pelayanan serta kenyamanan pasien saat berobat jauh lebih baik dari pada sebelum akreditasi. Berdasarkan uraian diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa mutu pelayanan kesehatan paska akreditasi jauh lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sebelum akreditasi. Diharapkan kepada kepala Puskesmas Praya dan jajarannya untuk mempertahankan mutu pelayanan kesehatan dengan menggunakan prinsip siklus PDCA.
Spiritualitas dan Depresi pada Pasien Kanker
Authors: Wiksuarini Erwin , Haerani Beti , Amrullah Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Spiritualitas dapat memberikan pengaruh positif dalam menemukan makna dan tujuan hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan spiritualitas terhadap depresi pada pasien kanker. Jenis penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional dengan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah 100 sampel. Kuesioner yang digunakan adalah Spiritual Well Being dan Beck Depression Inventory II. Analisis data menggunakan uji Pearson. Rata-rata skor spiritualitas adalah 98.84 dan 8.65 untuk depresi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan hasil bahwa spiritualitas secara signifikan berhubungan terhadap depresi dengan nilai P value 0.01 < 0.05. Pada penderia kanker diharapkan agar lebih memperhatikan masalah spiritualitas.
КОМПЛЕКС ПРЕДПОЛЕВЫХ КОСМОГЕОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ МЕТОДОВ ПОИСКОВ ПОЛЕЗНЫХ ИСКОПАЕМЫХ
Authors:   кандидат геол.-мин. наук, главный геолог, Туманов В.Р. , Мухамедяров Р.Р. ,   директор, ООО «КОСМИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ» Российская Федерация, 420107, г. Казань, Петербургская 50, стр. 5, офис 225
Published: February 2022

Комплекс предполевых космогеологических методов поисков полезных ископаемых предназначен для того, чтобы оперативно и как можно более полно осмысливать и выражать картографически всю геологическую информацию (наземную и дистанционную, предшественников и полученную вновь) на основе космических изображений в видимых и инфракрасных диапазонах. По результатам исследований обосновываются решения о выборе лицензионных участков, объемах дорогостоящих полевых работ, существенно сокращается стоимость поисков полезных ископаемых за счет своевременной отбраковки пустых территорий и оконтуривания вероятных залежей полезных ископаемых (нефти, газа, подземных вод, гидротермальных источников энергии, твердых полезных ископаемых, при наличии геологических аналогов – с подсчетом локализованных ресурсов).
АНАЛИЗ СТРАТЕГИИ АО «НК «КАЗМУНАЙГАЗ»
Authors:   магистрант МВА Высшей школы бизнеса университета международного бизнеса, https://orcid.org/0000-0002- 8634-989X, Назарова Т. Р. , Османов Ж. Д. ,   кандидат экономических наук,  https://orcid.org/0000-0002- 5225-0365
Published: February 2022

Нефтегазовая отрасль ежегодно сталкивается со многими вызовами внешней и внутренней среды. Несомненно, чтобы преодолеть все трудности и вызовы нефтегазовые компании нуждаются в разработке эффективной стратегии развития и в ее успешной реализации. В рамках этой научной статьи приводятся особенности функционирования компании АО «НК «КазМунайГаз» в условиях неопределенности развития мирового нефтяного рынка. На основании опубликованных данных ежегодных отчетностей проведен анализ ключевых производственно-хозяйственных показателей АО «НК «КазМунайГаз» за 2014-2020 годы. По результатам анализа, было выявлено, какие ключевые показатели отклоняются от стратегических целей компании. Далее, при помощи инструмента стратегического анализа SWOT проводится определение сильных и слабых сторон, а также угроз и возможностей компании. В результате комплексного анализа выводятся рекомендации по совершенствованию стратегии компании.
A nemzeti stratégia félidejében
Authors: Jakubovich Nóra , Berkes Márton
Published: February 2022

Aim: Hungary has stepped up its efforts to fight against trafficking in human beings, the modern slavery in recent years. The national strategy for 2020‒2023 laid down the frameworks in which priority areas include the awareness-raising of vulnerable groups, the support services for identified victims and the efficiency of of law enforcement.Methodology: The strategy is made up of two-year action plans for 2020‒2021 and subsequently for 2022‒2023.Findings: The present study elaborates on the policy directions and main results in the field of counter-trafficking as well as the key actions to be taken in the coming years.Value: The division of strategic planning enables us to carry out a midterm evaluation and set the future goals in light of the experience to date.
Kiállok érted! Színdarab és egyéb bűnmegelőzési tevékenységek
Authors: Barabás Ildikó
Published: February 2022

Aim: In this article, the author undertakes to present a play about the dangers of prostitution that has been shown across the country.Methodology: The performance and the related processing program focus on the opportunities for young people at risk of prostitution and trafficking in human being, and the process of becoming a victim.Findings: It deals with the story of two teenage girls who escaped from a boarding-school, Kitty and Sunny, who leave Szabolcs County to work in the Netherlands, where they are forced into prostitution.Value: The study highlights how the relevant play helps and supports residents of orphanages to promote crime prevention.
A munkáltatással összefüggésben elkövetett emberkereskedelem jellemzői elméleti és gyakorlati szempontból
Authors: Balogh Krisztina , Windt Szandra
Published: February 2022

Studies and underlying research on the phenomenon of trafficking in human beings focus on sexual exploitation. It is an unfortunate fact that in our country (Hungary) little attention is paid to labour exploitation, let alone to other purposes (such as organ trafficking or forced marriage). The following study, after a brief theoretical introduction and statistical data, aims to typify employment-related crime.Aim: To synthesise theoretical and practical knowledge and experience, to present the difficulties, opportunities.Methodology: This study based on analysis of statistical data, review of international literature and detailed presentation of a case.Findings: The role of the community is crucial in the fight agains t labour exploitation: to recognise the characteristics of the phenomenon and, if detected, to report them to the police. A few things are crucial for successful detection: raising awareness among the public, making them aware of ways to help. In addition, the flow of information among different police forces, proper analysis, and evaluation of the information available must be emphasised to successfully investigate these cases.Value: a theoretical and practical approach to labour exploitation, which can help to increase proactivity to improve the success of detecting and investigating these cases.
Nemzetközi bűnügyi együttműködés, közös nyomozócsoport magyar-német-román relációban
Authors: Kolozsi Bálint
Published: February 2022

Aim: The constant development and extraordinary adaptability of organized crime at international level always poses new challenges for law enforcement and judicial practitioners, both domestically and internationally. There is a need for real-time, proactive responses to the challenges posed by organized crime. The cross-border cooperation mechanism in criminal matters amongst law enforcement authorities and the international legal environment in place appropriately facilitates this process. A wide range of tools for international cooperation is available to professionals for joint and coordinated police and judicial action against serious and organized crime, including the Joint Investigation Team, as an outstanding format of these tools, which is the focus of this study. As a law enforcement response to the phenomenon of cross-border crime, the study presents the evolving process of cross-border cooperation in criminal matters, also highlighting the differences between police and judicial cooperation, then elaborates the mechanism of Joint Investigation Team, as one of the outstanding and covetable cooperation form of integrated law enforcement, as the flagship product of police-to-police and judicial cooperation. The aim of the study is to give a short theoretical summary on the subject of international cooperation in criminal matters and to demonstrate the added value of the JIT, by illustrating the experience of the applicability of this form of cooperation perceived in the course of investigations.Methodology: The conditions, requirements for setting up a joint investigation team, its legal and operational background are described in general terms, and the study also presents an up-and-running joint investigation team into trafficking in human beings, involving Hungarian-German-Romanian authorities, pointing out the main differences between international letter of request and joint investigation teams. For this reason the study builds on best practices experienced in the framework of international law enforcement cooperation, highlighting lessons learned in domestic investigations too.Findings: The use of a joint investigation team greatly facilitates the success of those international investigations, which require complex and extensive criminal cooperation between the affected Member States.Value: The study reinforces the need to exploit the possibilities of the JITs, as well as the need to make greater use of this form of cooperation. In addition, it covers the international evolvement of police cooperation.
Kutatásokkal az emberkereskedelem ellen
Authors: Berkes Márton
Published: February 2022

Aim: Several forward-thinking researches have taken place in the topic of trafficking in human beings over the past two years. The review essay presents the scope of the research projects, their key features and findings, thus encouraging professionals working in this field as well as the wider audience to take a closer look at them.Methodology: For the above purpose, three handbooks are presented below.Findings: The research activities help to define government measures to combat human trafficking with reliable, scientific results.Value: The researches revealed the gaps and possible improvements of the victim support system and also contributed to a deeper understanding of the phenomenon.
Improved Lemaitre–Tolman Model and the Mass and Turn-around Radius in Group of Galaxies. II. The Role of Dark Energy
Authors: Del Popolo Antonino , Chan Man Ho
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we extend our previous study on the Lemaitre–Tolman (LT) model showing how the prediction of the model changes when the equation of state (EoS) parameter (w) of dark energy (DE) is modified. In the previous study, it was considered that DE was merely constituted by the cosmological constant. In this paper, as in the previous study, we also took into account the effect of angular momentum and dynamical friction (J
ηLT model) that modifies the evolution of a perturbation, initially moving with the Hubble flow. As a first step, solving the equations of motion, we calculated the relationship between mass, M, and the turn-around radius, R
0. If one knows the value of the turn-around radius R
0, it is possible to obtain the mass of the studied objects. As a second step, we build up, as in the previous paper, a relationship between the velocity, v, and radius, R. The relation was fitted to data of groups and clusters. Since the relationship v–R depends on the Hubble constant and the mass of the object, we obtained optimized values of the two parameters of the objects studied. The mass decreases of a factor of maximum 25% comparing the J
ηLT results (for which w = −1) and the case w = −1/3, while the Hubble constant increases going from w = −1 to w = −1/3. Finally, the obtained values of the mass, M, and R
0 of the studied objects can put constraints on the DE EoS parameter, w.
Exploring the S-process History in the Galactic Disk: Cerium Abundances and Gradients in Open Clusters from the OCCAM/APOGEE Sample
Authors: Sales-Silva J. V. , Daflon S. , Cunha K. , Souto D. , Smith V. V. , Chiappini C. , Donor J. , Frinchaboy P. M. , García-Hernández D. A. , Hayes C. , Majewski S. R. , Masseron T. , Schiavon R. P. , Weinberg D. H. , Beaton R. L. , Fernández-Trincado J. G. , Jönsson H. , Lane R. R. , Minniti D. , Manchado A. , Moni Bidin C. , Nitschelm C. , O’Connell J. , Villanova S.
Published: February 2022

The APOGEE Open Cluster Chemical Abundances and Mapping survey is used to probe the chemical evolution of the s-process element cerium in the Galactic disk. Cerium abundances were derived from measurements of Ce ii lines in the APOGEE spectra using the Brussels Automatic Code for Characterizing High Accuracy Spectra in 218 stars belonging to 42 open clusters. Our results indicate that, in general, for ages < 4 Gyr, younger open clusters have higher [Ce/Fe] and [Ce/α-element] ratios than older clusters. In addition, metallicity segregates open clusters in the [Ce/X]–age plane (where X can be H, Fe, or the α-elements O, Mg, Si, or Ca). These metallicity-dependent relations result in [Ce/Fe] and [Ce/α] ratios with ages that are not universal clocks. Radial gradients of [Ce/H] and [Ce/Fe] ratios in open clusters, binned by age, were derived for the first time, with d[Ce/H]/d
R
GC being negative, while d[Ce/Fe]/d
R
GC is positive. [Ce/H] and [Ce/Fe] gradients are approximately constant over time, with the [Ce/Fe] gradient becoming slightly steeper, changing by ∼+0.009 dex kpc−1 Gyr−1. Both the [Ce/H] and [Ce/Fe] gradients are shifted to lower values of [Ce/H] and [Ce/Fe] for older open clusters. The chemical pattern of Ce in open clusters across the Galactic disk is discussed within the context of s-process yields from asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, gigayear time delays in Ce enrichment of the interstellar medium, and the strong dependence of Ce nucleosynthesis on the metallicity of its AGB stellar sources.
The Environments of Green Pea Galaxies. I. The KISS Sample
Authors: Brunker Samantha W. , Salzer John J. , Kimsey-Miller Brooke , Cousins Bryce
Published: February 2022

We present environmental analyses for 13 KPNO International Spectroscopic Survey Green Pea (GP) galaxies. These galaxies were discovered via their strong [O iii] emission in the redshift range 0.29 < z < 0.42, and they are undergoing a major burst of star formation. A primary goal of this study is to understand what role the environment plays in driving the current star formation activity. By studying the environments around these extreme star-forming galaxies, we can learn more about what triggers their star formation processes and how they fit into the narrative of galaxy evolution. Using the Hydra multifiber spectrograph on the WIYN 3.5 m telescope, we mapped out the galaxy distribution around each of the GPs (out to ∼15 Mpc at the redshifts of the targets). Using three density analysis methodologies chosen for their compatibility with the geometry of our redshift survey, we categorized the galaxian densities of the GPs into different density regimes. We find that the GPs in our sample tend to be located in low-density environments. We find no correlation between the density and the SFRs seen in the GPs. We conclude that the environments the GPs are found in are likely not the driving factor behind their extreme star formation activity.
Multiwavelength Signatures of Episodic Nullpoint Reconnection in a Quadrupolar Magnetic Configuration and the Cause of Failed Flux Rope Eruption
Authors: Mitra Prabir K. , Joshi Bhuwan , Veronig Astrid M. , Wiegelmann Thomas
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we present multiwavelength observations of the triggering of a failed-eruptive M-class flare from active region NOAA 11302 and investigate the possible reasons for the associated failed eruption. Photospheric observations and nonlinear force-free field extrapolated coronal magnetic field revealed that the flaring region had a complex quadrupolar configuration with a preexisting coronal nullpoint situated above the core field. Prior to the onset of the M-class flare, we observed multiple periods of small-scale flux enhancements in GOES and RHESSI soft X-ray observations from the location of the nullpoint. The preflare configuration and evolution reported here are similar to the configurations presented in the breakout model, but at much lower coronal heights. The core of the flaring region was characterized by the presence of two flux ropes in a double-decker configuration. During the impulsive phase of the flare, one of the two flux ropes initially started erupting, but resulted in a failed eruption. Calculation of the magnetic decay index revealed a saddle-like profile where the decay index initially increased to the torus-unstable limits within the heights of the flux ropes, but then decreased rapidly and reached negative values, which was most likely responsible for the failed eruption of the initially torus-unstable flux rope.
A Rapid Ionization Change in the Nebular-phase Spectra of the Type Ia SN 2011fe
Authors: Tucker M. A. , Ashall C. , Shappee B. J. , Kochanek C. S. , Stanek K. Z. , Garnavich P.
Published: February 2022

We present three new spectra of the nearby Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2011fe covering ≈480–850 days after maximum light and show that the ejecta undergoes a rapid ionization shift at ∼500 days after explosion. The prominent Fe iii emission lines at ≈4600 Å are replaced with Fe i+Fe ii blends at ∼4400 Å and ∼5400 Å. The ≈7300 Å feature, which is produced by [Fe ii]+[Ni ii] at ≲400 days after explosion, is replaced by broad (≈±15,000 km s−1) symmetric [Ca ii] emission. Models predict this ionization transition occurring ∼100 days later than what is observed, which we attribute to clumping in the ejecta. Finally, we use the nebular-phase spectra to test several proposed progenitor scenarios for SN 2011fe. Nondetections of H and He exclude nearby nondegenerate companions, [O i] nondetections disfavor the violent merger of two white dwarfs, and the symmetric emission-line profiles favor a symmetric explosion.
Evidence for Cold-stream to Hot-accretion Transition as Traced by Lyα Emission from Groups and Clusters at 2 < z < 3.3
Authors: Daddi E. , Rich R. M. , Valentino F. , Jin S. , Delvecchio I. , Liu D. , Strazzullo V. , Neill J. , Gobat R. , Finoguenov A. , Bournaud F. , Elbaz D. , Kalita B. S. , O’Sullivan D. , Wang T.
Published: February 2022

We present Keck Cosmic Web Imager observations of giant Lyα halos surrounding nine galaxy groups and clusters at 2 < z < 3.3, including five new detections and one upper limit. We find observational evidence for the cold-stream to hot-accretion transition predicted by theory by measuring a decrease in the ratio between the spatially extended Lyα luminosity and the expected baryonic accretion rate (BAR), with increasing elongation above the transition mass (M
stream). This implies a modulation of the share of BAR that remains cold, diminishing quasi-linearly (logarithmic slope of 0.97 ± 0.19, 5σ significance) with the halo to M
stream mass ratio. The integrated star formation rates (SFRs) and active galactic nucleus (AGN) bolometric luminosities display a potentially consistent decrease, albeit significant only at 2.6σ and 1.3σ, respectively. The higher scatter in these tracers suggests the Lyα emission might be mostly a direct product of cold accretion in these structures rather than indirect, mediated by outflows and photoionization from SFR and AGNs; this is also supported by energetics considerations. Below M
stream (cold-stream regime), we measure L
Lyα
/BAR = 1040.51±0.16 erg s−1

M

⊙

−
1

yr, consistent with predictions, and SFR/BAR = 10−0.54±0.23: on average,

30

−
10

+
20

% of the cold streams go into stars. Above M
stream (hot-accretion regime), L
Lyα
is set by M
stream (within 0.2 dex scatter in our sample), independent of the halo mass but rising 10-fold from z = 2 to 3.
Evaluation of diagnostic components and management of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective study from Istanbul, Turkey
Authors: Dogan Demir Aysegul , Kut Arif , Ozaydin Erhan , Nursoy Mustafa , Cakir Fatma Betul , Ustabas Kahraman Feyza , Erenberk Ufuk , Uzuner Selcuk , Collak Abdulhamit , Cakin Zeynep Ebru , Cakir Erkan
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis is difficult and most of the patients are diagnosed clinically. The objective of this study is to reveal the diagnostic and therapeutic components of childhood pulmonary tuberculosis and to analyze the changes that occurred in our country over the years.

Methodology: All patients diagnosed with tuberculosis between 2006 and 2016 were included. Demographic characteristics, diagnostic and treatment outcomes were recorded and patients were followed up prospectively.

Results: A total of 492 patients were included in the study. 97% had Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine, 36% were diagnosed with microbiologically-confirmed tuberculosis and 64% were diagnosed with clinically-proven tuberculosis. 94% of the patients had symptoms consistent with tuberculosis, all patients had radiologic findings, 74% had a history of tuberculosis contact and 63% had tuberculin skin test positivity. The diagnoses included primary tuberculosis in 62%, secondary tuberculosis in 21%, progressive primary tuberculosis in 13% and miliary tuberculosis in 4%. 48% of the patients received a treatment regimen containing three drugs as the initial treatment, and drug-related side effects developed in 12%. Isoniazid resistance was detected in 13% of the patients and rifampicin resistance was detected in 8%. None of the patients died due to tuberculosis. In the last 50 years in Turkey, the rates of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination and diagnosis of tuberculosis cases have increased and the mortality rates have decreased over the years.

Conclusions: Our study is one of the few prospective studies and revealed the differences between the recent data and the past 50 years in childhood tuberculosis in Turkey.
The practice of COVID-19 preventive measures in Palestine on the limits of vaccine provision: a population-based study
Authors: Nazzal Zaher , Maraqa Beesan , Banat Lina , Kittaneh Mohammad , Maa'li Yazan , Al-Shobaki Sewar
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Despite discovery of effective vaccines, healthy behaviors and good practices remain the cornerstone of the prevention and control of COVID-19 and the mitigation of adverse impacts. This study aimed to assess the Palestinian population's COVID-19 prevention measures and correlate them with their knowledge, attitude, and background characteristics.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was performed between Dec 2020 and Jan 2021 on 1,451 respondents ≥18 years via an interviewer-administered questionnaire, comprising 35 questions assessing knowledge, attitude, and practice toward COVID-19. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable regression analyses.

Results: Of the 1,451 respondents, 768 were females (52.9%), the mean age was 32.8 ± 13.7 years, and 161 (11.1%) reported having been infected with the coronavirus. Overall, 38.7% (95%CI: 36.2-41.2%), 23.4% (95%CI: 21.3-25.7%), and 50.2% (95%CI: 47.6-52.9%) reported good knowledge, attitude, and practice, respectively. Respondents over 50 [aOR 1.9, 95%CI: 1.3-2.8], females [aOR 1.7, 95%CI: 1.4-2.2], and people who had COVID-19 infection [aOR1.7, 95%CI: 1.2-2.5] were more likely to report good practice. Participants with good attitude were 5. times more likely to report good practice than those with poor attitude [p-value < 0.001, aOR 5.7, 95%CI: 3.9-8.4].

Conclusions: The knowledge, attitude, and practice of the participants are no ideal. A positive attitude is a crucial predictor of good practices for COVID-19 prevention and control. Public health interventions are essential for developing and sustaining positive attitudes and good practices and preventing misconceptions.
Genomic differences among strains of Corynebacterium cystitidis isolated from uterus of camels
Authors: Elbir Haitham , Almathen Faisal , Almuhasen Faisal Mohammed
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Members of the Corynebacterium cystitidis species are usually isolated from kidney and urine of cow having pyelonephritis. Nevertheless, we have isolated Corynebacterium cystitidis for the first time from uterus of camels, extending the type of mammalian host for this species. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether there are significant genetic variations between strains isolated from different host species and anatomic sites. In this perspective, we investigated the genomic diversity of Corynebacterium cystitidis species, whose pan genome remain unexplored to date.

Methodology: Thus, we sequenced and compared the genomes of five Corynebacterium cystitidis of camel origin and a public genome of cow associated Corynebacterium cystitidis.

Results: Results revealed open pan genome of 4,038 gene clusters and horizontal gene transfer played a role in the extensive genetic diversity. Further, we found an obvious distinction between cow and camel associated C. cystitidis via phylogenomic analysis and by average nucleotide identity value of 95% between the two distant lineages and > 99% within camel associated C. cystitidis strains. Moreover, our data supports the hypothesis that the gene repertoire of cow associated Corynebacterium cystitidis developed so as to become more adaptable to the urine milieu. These genetic potentials are specifically evident for genes required for benzoate breakdown, iron transport, citrate and alanine utilization.

Conclusions: Our findings confirm the differentiation of strains into camel lineage and cow lineage. These different niches, comprising the uterus of camel and urinary tract of cow probably played a role in shaping the gene repertoire of strains.
Spatial distribution of malaria and primary healthcare in Cametá and Tucuruí, Pará state, Brazil
Authors: Peixoto Maira Cibelle da Silva , Miranda Claudia do Socorro Carvalho , Campos Pedro Silvestre da Silva , Pereira Alba Lucia Ribeiro Raithy , Araújo Marília de Souza , Morais Emerson Cordeiro , Figueiredo Roberto Carlos , Silva Adriana Veiga da Conceição , Oliveira João Sérgio de Sousa , Gonçalves Nelson Veiga
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Malaria cases in Brazil are concentrated in the Amazon region. In the state of Pará, malaria is considered an endemic disease, and the population has different levels of exposure, which contributes to different types of occurrence in the municipalities.

Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and ecological study was conducted using data from the Malaria Epidemiological Surveillance System of the municipalities of Cametá and Tucuruí, PA, Brazil, from 2014 to 2018; the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics; and the National Registry of Health Institutions of the Ministry of Health. Statistical and spatial analyses of epidemiological, laboratory and public health service coverage variables were performed using the Bioestat 5.0 and ArcGis 10.5 software.

Results: 11,381 Malaria cases were reported in the two municipalities. The highest percentage of case notifications was reported in brown-skinned men aged from 19 and 59 years, and who had primary education levels. The predominant occupations were farming and livestock in Cametá and domestic activity in Tucuruí. The most common diagnostic examination used was a thick blood smear, and Plasmodium vivax was the species most often encountered. The percentage of primary care coverage increased during the study period. The spatial distribution of the disease was not homogeneous, and there were clusters of cases with different densities in Cametá and Tucuruí.

Conclusions: Malaria is a public health problem in the municipalities of Cametá and Tucuruí, because of its transmission dynamics and variable spatial distribution as well as the coexistence of factors that favor the exposure of resident populations to epidemiological situations, thus reflecting health inequities.
Comparing PCR-generated artifacts of different polymerases for improved accuracy of DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Nagai Satoshi , Sildever Sirje , Nishi Noriko , Tazawa Satoshi , Basti Leila , Kobayashi Takanori , Ishino Yoshizumi
Published: February 2022

Accuracy of PCR amplification is vital for obtaining reliable amplicon-sequencing results by metabarcoding. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of error profiles in the PCR products by 14 different PCR kits using a mock eukaryotic community DNA sample mimicking metabarcoding analysis. To prepare a mock eukaryotic community from the marine environment, equal amounts of plasmid DNA from 40 microalgal species were mixed and used for amplicon-sequencing by a high-throughput sequencing approach. To compare the differences in PCR kits used for this experiment, we focused on the following seven parameters: 1) Quality, 2) Chimera, 3) Blast top hit accuracy, 4) Deletion, 5) Insertion, 6) Base substitution and 7) Amplification bias amongst species. The results showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) for all of the seven parameters depending on the PCR kits used. These differences may result from the different DNA polymerases included in each kit, although the result can also be influenced by PCR reaction conditions. Simultaneous analysis of several parameters suggested that kits containing KOD plus Neo (TOYOBO) and HotStart Taq DNA polymerase (BiONEER, CA, US) at the annealing temperature of 65 °C displayed better results in terms of parameters associated with chimeras, top hit similarity and deletions.
The nasal cavity in agoutis (Dasyprocta spp.): a micro-computed tomographic and histological study
Authors: Smith Timothy D. , Bonar Christopher J.
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Nasal anatomy in rodents is well-studied, but most current knowledge is based on small-bodied muroid species. Nasal anatomy and histology of hystricognaths, the largest living rodents, remains poorly understood. Here, we describe the nasal cavity of agoutis (Dasyprocta spp.), the first large-bodied South American rodents to be studied histologically throughout the nasal cavity. Two adult agoutis were studied using microcomputed tomography, and in one of these, half the snout was serially sectioned and stained for microscopic study. Certain features are notable in Dasyprocta. The frontal recess has five turbinals within it, the most in this space compared to other rodents that have been studied. The nasoturbinal is particularly large in dorsoventral and rostrocaudal dimensions and is entirely non-olfactory in function, in apparent contrast to known muroids. Whether this relates solely to body size scaling or perhaps also relates to directing airflow or conditioning inspired air requires further study. In addition, olfactory epithelium appears more restricted to the olfactory and frontal recesses compared to muroids. At the same time, the rostral tips of the olfactory turbinals bear at least some non-olfactory epithelium. The findings of this study support the hypothesis that turbinals are multifunctional structures, indicating investigators should use caution when categorizing turbinals as specialized for one function (e.g., olfaction or respiratory air-conditioning). Caution may be especially appropriate in the case of large-bodied mammals, in which the different scaling characteristics of respiratory and olfactory mucosa result in relative more of the former type as body size increases.
Georg Frankl : le troisième ou le premier homme dans la genèse de l’autisme ?
Authors: Lucchelli Juan Pablo
Published: February 2022

L’autisme est un trouble du développement qui a des conséquences importantes sur la vie des personnes concernées. Décrit officiellement pour la première fois dans les années 1940, ce trouble a connu des oscillations conceptuelles, mais il est de plus en plus considéré comme une sorte de spectre ou de continuum caractérisé principalement par une difficulté de communication sociale. Dans cet article, nous allons démontrer comment deux types cliniques très différents du spectre autistique, à savoir les descriptions cliniques de Kanner et d’Asperger, doivent beaucoup au rôle joué par le psychiatre viennois Georg Frankl qui a travaillé avec les deux cliniciens. Le rôle de Frankl aurait été non seulement d’officier comme une sorte de canal de communication entre Kanner et Asperger, mais d’influencer de manière décisive le travail des deux psychiatres.
On the quasineutral limit for the compressible Euler-Poisson equations
Authors: Yang Jianwei , Li Dongling , Yang Xiao
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we consider the quasineutral limit of compressible Euler-Poisson equations based on the concept of dissipative measure-valued solutions. In the case of well-prepared initial data under periodic boundary condictions, we prove that dissipative measure-valued solutions of the compressible Euler-Poisson equations converge to the smooth solution of the incompressible Euler system when the Debye length tends to zero.
On the solutions for a Benney-Lin type equation
Authors: Coclite Giuseppe Maria , di Ruvo Lorenzo
Published: February 2022

The Benney-Lin equation describes the evolution of long waves in various problems in fluid dynamics. In this paper, we prove the well-posedness of the Cauchy problem, associated with this equation.
Boundary stabilization of the linear MGT equation with partially absorbing boundary data and degenerate viscoelasticity
Authors: Bongarti Marcelo , Lasiecka Irena , Rodrigues José H.
Published: February 2022

The Jordan–Moore–Gibson–Thompson (JMGT) equation is a well-established and recently widely studied model for nonlinear acoustics (NLA). It is a third–order (in time) semilinear Partial Differential Equation (PDE) with a distinctive feature of predicting the propagation of ultrasound waves at finite speed. This is due to the heat phenomenon known as second sound which leads to hyperbolic heat-wave propagation. In this paper, we consider the problem in the so called "critical" case, where free dynamics is unstable. In order to stabilize, we shall use boundary feedback controls supported on a portion of the boundary only. Since the remaining part of the boundary is not "controlled", and the imposed boundary conditions of Neumann type fail to saitsfy Lopatinski condition, several mathematical issues typical for mixed problems within the context o boundary stabilizability arise. To resolve these, special geometric constructs along with sharp trace estimates will be developed. The imposed geometric conditions are motivated by the geometry that is suitable for modeling the problem of controlling (from the boundary) the acoustic pressure involved in medical treatments such as lithotripsy, thermotherapy, sonochemistry, or any other procedure involving High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU).
From low to high-and lower-optimal regularity of the SMGTJ equation with Dirichlet and Neumann boundary control, and with point control, via explicit representation formulae
Authors: Triggiani Roberto , Wan Xiang
Published: February 2022

We consider the linear third order (in time) PDE known as the SMGTJ-equation, defined on a bounded domain, under the action of either Dirichlet or Neumann boundary control \begin{document}$ g $\end{document}. Optimal interior and boundary regularity results were given in [1], after [41], when \begin{document}$ g \in L^2(0, T;L^2(\Gamma)) \equiv L^2(\Sigma) $\end{document}, which, moreover, in the canonical case \begin{document}$ \gamma = 0 $\end{document}, were expressed by the well-known explicit representation formulae of the wave equation in terms of cosine/sine operators [19], [17], [24,Vol Ⅱ]. The interior or boundary regularity theory is however the same, whether \begin{document}$ \gamma = 0 $\end{document} or \begin{document}$ 0 \neq \gamma \in L^{\infty}(\Omega) $\end{document}, since \begin{document}$ \gamma \neq 0 $\end{document} is responsible only for lower order terms. Here we exploit such cosine operator based-explicit representation formulae to provide optimal interior and boundary regularity results with \begin{document}$ g $\end{document} "smoother" than \begin{document}$ L^2(\Sigma) $\end{document}, qualitatively by one unit, two units, etc. in the Dirichlet boundary case. To this end, we invoke the corresponding results for wave equations, as in [17]. Similarly for the Neumann boundary case, by invoking the corresponding results for the wave equation as in [22], [23], [37] for control smoother than \begin{document}$ L^2(0, T;L^2(\Gamma)) $\end{document}, and [44] for control less regular in space than \begin{document}$ L^2(\Gamma) $\end{document}. In addition, we provide optimal interior and boundary regularity results when the SMGTJ equation is subject to interior point control, by invoking the corresponding wave equations results [42], [24,Section 9.8.2].
Renewable Energy
Authors: Norouzi Nima
Published: February 2022

Legislation regarding renewable energy became significant during the last few years. For this purpose, several international regulations have been adopted to regulate the environmental and energy policies of countries. These regulations are formulated in a wide range of binding instruments and soft laws. However, the proliferation of international instruments coupled with the uncertainty of the principles/rules of international law regarding the development of renewable energy sources necessitates the consideration of an international law approach. In this chapter, the author intends to examine the principles and rules of international law considering the importance of the development of renewable energy as an issue with global dimensions.
Economic Valuation and Cost of Air Pollution
Authors: Hidalgo Dolores , Sanz Bedate Sergio
Published: February 2022

Air pollution has huge economic consequences for society, including reduced work hours, increased healthcare costs, and lost household income. Quantifying the environmental and health costs of air pollution is conducive to improve the quality and efficiency of environmental regulations and understanding the real costs of economic development. This chapter provides an overview of all the costs associated with air pollution, the pros and cons of the traditional and new methods of air pollution cost accounting, and valuable insights into how future air pollution-related cost accounting should be. Another objective of this chapter is to carry out the economic valuation of air pollution. For this reason, environmental economic valuation and valuation methods are considered within the theoretical framework. It is proposed to carry out a public policy strategy to internalize the costs of pollution.
Environmental Policy and FDI Inflows
Authors: Gorus Muhammed Sehid , Karagol Erdal Tanas
Published: February 2022

This chapter explores the impact of environmental policy stringency index (EPS) on FDI inflows in 26 OECD countries for the period 1995-2012. The study employed Durbin-Hausman panel cointegration and Emirmahmutoglu-Kose panel Granger causality tests to determine the long-run and the causal relationship between the relevant variables, respectively. According to findings, variables move together in the long run. On the one hand, in the long run, capital formation and economic globalization increase FDI inflows, while real effective exchange rate, EPS, and non-market EPS decrease these inflows. On the other hand, the coefficients of the parameters are estimated positively for capital formation and negatively for the real effective exchange rate. It was determined that environmental policies cause FDI inflows in 12 out of 26 countries. These empirical findings suggest several courses of action for policymakers.
Terrorist Psychology and Its Impact on International Security
Authors: Chakhava Ketevan
Published: February 2022

Terrorism is a policy based on the systematic use of terror. Despite the legal force of the term “terrorism,” its definition up to the present time remains ambiguous. But experts agree that the best definition of terrorism is the achievement of political, ideological, economic, and religious goals by violent means. Synonyms of the word “terror” are the words “violence” and “intimidation.” This term became widespread in various countries after the “Age of Terror” during the Great French Revolution. During the discussion about terrorism, one of the main directions of this phenomenon represents terrorist psychology. Thus, in the chapter, the main attention is paid to the psychological aspects of terrorism, including the determination of the main types of terrorism and the psychological characteristics of the terrorists and terrorist groups.
Benefits and Risks of Digital Diplomacy
Authors: Khomeriki Diana
Published: February 2022

Diplomacy is a key tool for conducting foreign policy, and it has experienced changes throughout the past centuries. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) and social media platforms began playing a highly important role in achieving diplomatic objectives leading to the emergence of the term “digital diplomacy.” Being one of the main trends in contemporary diplomatic communication, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, taking a closer look at digital diplomacy is worthwhile. This chapter analyzes the main characteristics of digital diplomacy as well as its opportunities and challenges, compares digital and traditional diplomacy, and aims to determine whether traditional diplomacy is in decline. The author argues that traditional diplomacy is not antiquated; traditional and digital diplomacy complement each other. Diplomats will need to function in a hybrid regime, both in offline and online environments. Utilizing digital diplomacy will improve the effectiveness of traditional diplomacy contributing to more multifaceted, comprehensive, and results-oriented foreign policy.
Digital Democracy
Authors: Doncel Fernández Luis Vicente
Published: February 2022

Starting from a brief reference to the concept and typology of political democracy systems, the authors present in this chapter some of the most important challenges that the use of new information and communication technologies entails in both spheres of political decisions (from power or choosing power). It is logical to question and open a debate regarding the democratic validity of its use, since fake news, misinformation, bubble filters undoubtedly influence the propaganda of political parties and affect the message and its effectiveness. On the other hand, the new technological communication paradigm applied to the democratic electoral system, technically possible, also raises interesting considerations regarding its eventual institutionalization and its legitimacy in comparison with the classical model of participation.
The Artificial Intelligence Implementation Challenge in the European Union and Spain
Authors: Guinea Bonillo Julio
Published: February 2022

The European Union has begun its legal development on artificial intelligence and is presented as one of the least advanced legal fields by the European institutions. Since the communication of the Commission on Artificial Intelligence for Europe was developed, different works have been addressed, such as the coordination plan on artificial intelligence of December 2018 and the White Paper on Artificial Intelligence, guiding excellence and trust to European citizens and businesses. The challenge facing Europe and Spain is not to be left behind, lagging the great powers that are making a very notable investment effort, seeking to develop this technology that is already impacting our societies. The work presents the major milestones of European action and outlines the ambitious future that awaits the European Union and Spain in the coming years, but is still unclear if there is not a decisive action implemented by all the powers concern.