bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Психологические особенности формирования аддитивного поведения среди подростков
Authors: Агирбова Д.М. , Хубиева К.Ш.
Published: April 2024

В научной работе отражены проблемы формирования аддитивного поведения среди подростков. Проанализированы характерные признаки разновидностей и причин формирования зависимого поведения, а также стратегии по профилактике аддиктивного поведения.
Megatrends and mythologems of artificial intelligence topics in Western scientific discourse
Authors:   South Ural State University (National Research University), Baturina Irina V.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. For fifty years, the topic of artificial intelligence has remained leading within a wide range of scientific fields. Theoretical analysis. Preliminary analysis of the Scopus database results from a rating of publication activity, in which social sciences occupy insider positions along with computer sciences and some other areas. From the 60s of the past century to the present, there has been an exponential growth of scientific publications containing the label “artificial intelligence” in titles, abstracts and keywords. Empirical analysis. The article attempts, based on elementary numerical indi cators and qualitative content analytics, to identify trends in the subject of artificial intelligence in Western social sciences, the evolution of key research areas, as well as the main mythologies of scientific discourse. Conclusion. The research is preceded by the hypothesis: social sciences, owing to the specification of discourse and the subject spectrum, contain “naturalized” mythologems associated with other discursive practices and refractive scientific and technical interpretations of the subject of study.
The correlation between freedom and violence as one of the fundamental problems of thinking
Authors:   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N. I. Vavilov, Bunyaev Maxim B.
Published: April 2024

Introduction The main topic of this article is the method of solving a fundamental problem of the relationship between a man and the world. The author proposes to accept the concepts of violence and freedom as such horizons of relations, because these concepts can be understood as main plots of human conscious life. They also may be the sides of the dialectical confrontation. The present study uses the onto-hermeneutic method combined with a historico-philosophical analysis. Theoretical analysis In the course of work, we considered and made clear the concepts of questioning and inquiring, of liberty and freedom, and of violence. Special attention will be paid to clarifying the acceptance of conditions of some question as a fundamental problem. Among them there are: the necessity of occurrence, conditionality of perception for consciousness from the pattern of consciousness, dependence of the way of life on the manner of asking and solving this question. The author claims that the question of the correlation between violence and freedom is a fundamental problem of human activity. During this clarification, the concepts of violence and freedom are explicated in the works of K. Marx and F. Engels, G. V. Plekhanov, B. Spinoza, and Aristotle. Conclusion. In the course of meditation the author offered a number of interconnected definitions of freedom and violence, and concluded on the need for recognizing violence as a systematic phenomenon of social reality. Violence pervades all history of humanity, and can be reflected in the history of thinking and art.
Categorical analysis of the museum phenomenon: Space and time
Authors:   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N. I. Vavilov, Antipova Ekaterina A.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The museum provides society with the opportunity for special interaction with space and time for the purposes of acquiring knowledge and the most complete assimilation of codes existing in culture and society. Theoretical analysis. Society’s perception of space and time in the museum will be examined and analyzed from the perspective of myth, which makes it possible to identify archetypal ideas of humanity that developed in ancient times and have largely not lost their influence on modern culture and society. The methods of institutionalizing the activities of society, which originated in the past, passed from one era to another in a transformed form, while retaining some characteristic features and at the same time acquiring new ones that became necessary for existence in a different sociocultural context. One of these characteristic features is the idea that space and time in a museum have profane and sacred dimensions. Conclusion. Space and time in the museum are a mirror not only of mythical motifs, but also of the dominant developments of the modern world. These fundamental principles concentrate all the most significant features inherent in human communities for the purpose of their further transmission to society.
Quantitative analysis of the psychological state of modern Yakut society
Authors:   Northeastern Federal University named after M. K. Ammosov, Eliseeva Natalia D.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The article analyzes the psychological state of the modern Yakut society as a part of the Russian society using a composite index. The possibilities of composite indices developed within the framework of macropsychology have not been fully disclosed to date. Theoretical analysis. The paper proposes to consider the composite index of the psychological state of society from the point of view of a systematic approach. The basis for this is the understanding of individual subjects as a part of the Russian macro-community. The analysis is based on data from 93 subjects of the Russian Federation according to official statistical data. Empirical analysis. The results show that the dynamics of indicators of Russian society as a whole is more stable in comparison with the dynamics of indicators of Yakut society. The primary indexes of modern Yakut society have their own unique explanation, which does not coincide with generally accepted interpretations. Conclusion. When interpreting the value of the composite index, it is necessary to take into account both the actual external factors affecting it and its conditionality with traditional culture and living conditions. It is revealed that the composite index of the macro-community as an index of a higher level has a great generalizing potential.
Jakość wyników finansowych raportowanych w sprawozdaniach finansowych grup kapitałowych
Authors: Comporek Michał
Published: April 2024

Cel artykułu. Zasadniczym celem artykułu jest sześcioczynnikowa analiza jakości wyników finansowych netto raportowanych w sprawozdaniach finansowych spółek publicznych operujących w ramach grup kapitałowych i notowanych na Rynku Głównym GPW w Warszawie.
Metodyka. Jakość wyniku finansowego estymowana została na podstawie współczynników dyskrecjonalnych różnic memoriałowych, współczynników bieżących intencjonalnych różnic memoriałowych, wskaźnika szybkości ujmowania strat oraz mierników stabilności, przewidywalności i gładkości zysku (straty) netto. Metodyka badań opiera się m.in. na zastosowaniu modeli: Dechow, Sloan’a i Sweeney (1995), Dechow i Dicheva (2002) czy An (2017), a także statystyk rozkładu zmiennych, testów istotności statystycznej, czy testów nieparametrycznych: Manna-Whitneya-Wilcoxona oraz znakowanych rang Wilcoxona.
Wyniki/Rezultaty badania. Otrzymane wyniki badań empirycznych wskazują, że spółki publiczne nieprzynależące do grup kapitałowych w większym stopniu kształtują wyniki finansowe, aniżeli spółki operujące w ramach tychże grup. Ponadto, jakość wyników finansowych prezentowanych w sprawozdaniach skonsolidowanych jest generalnie wyższa od jakości zysków (strat) widniejących w jednostkowych sprawozdaniach podmiotów pełniących funkcję nadrzędną w ramach poszczególnych grup kapitałowych.
Método de avaliação do estado de conservação de estruturas pré-fabricadas de concreto armado
Authors: Luna de Melo Carlos Eduardo , Dutra Alves Hisa
Published: April 2024

Símbolo da tendência moderna no século XX, o concreto aparente está relacionado à uma ascendente preocupação associada a falhas de sua manutenção, conservação e condições de uso. Apesar da importância do tema, percebe-se uma insuficiência em estudos sobre abordagens integradas e disseminadas sobre metodologias sistematizadas de avaliação dessas estruturas. O objetivo deste trabalho é propor um método de avaliação do estado de conservação de estruturas pré-fabricadas de concreto armado, tendo como referencial a metodologia FMECA – Análise dos Modos de Falhas, Efeitos e Criticidade. Foram sistematizadas três etapas: caracterização do sistema; análise do estado de conservação; e hierarquização de riscos. Os pilares pré-fabricados de concreto armado do Instituto Central de Ciências Norte da Universidade de Brasília foram escolhidos como objeto de estudo devido a relevância da edificação, tendo como característica processos construtivos inovadores no cenário da arquitetura moderna brasileira. Os resultados exibiram o nível de criticidade moderado em relação aos 168 pilares inspecionados. As análises revelaram uma precariedade na manutenção, não somente dos pilares, mas de toda edificação. Concluiu-se que o método proposto atende ao objetivo proposto pelo presente trabalho.
90 years of solitude
Authors: Lopez Melendez Miguel
Published: April 2024

This paper shifts its attention from “South-South” relations to the absence of “South-South” relations in a culturally blind chapter of architectural criticism. It focuses on the postwar debate on architectural autonomy whose disciplinary reduction, especially in the United States, prevented an urban interpretation of a culturally sensitive autonomy. The paper argues that the dogmatic architectural criticism of the twentieth century and the post-critical discourse of the twenty-first century have failed to recognize that critical sensibilities other than Eurocentric and North American approaches exist in other regions such as Latin America. The paper is structured in four phases: a brief history of architectural autonomy; its disciplinary reduction; its overlooked cultural dimension; and its urban potential. The goal is to highlight the cultural blindness of critical and post-critical architectural discourses through a theory sensitive to cultural and urban solitudes based on a revision of the interdisciplinary interpretations of the term autonomy.
Evaluating the Validity and Measurement Invariance of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Among Canadian Nurses
Authors: Song Claire , Havaei Farinaz , Dahinten Susan
Published: April 2024

Background and Purpose:The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item (PHQ-9) is a widely used self-reported measure for screening depressive symptoms. This study aims to examine measurement invariance and psychometric properties of the PHQ-9 for screening depressive symptoms in nurses across different nursing roles, genders, and workplace sectors.Methods:The study is a secondary analysis of pre-COVID and COVID-19 survey data from 4,176 nurses and 3,238 nurses in British Columbia. Data from the PHQ-9 tested the assumption of unidimensionality, reliability, and the presence of differential item functioning (DIF).Results:The PHQ-9 showed excellent internal consistency (r= 0.9) and a unidimensional factor structure. PHQ-9 items were free of DIF across nursing roles, gender, and workplace sector.Conclusions:This study supported the valid use of the PHQ-9 as a screening tool for depressive symptoms among nurses.
A Model Proposal for Developing a Solution and Determining the Administrative Problems of Hospitals in Türkiye: The BUY Model
Authors: Bostan Sedat , Urek Duygu , Yesildag Ahmet Y.
Published: April 2024

Background and Aim:This study was conducted in line with the request of the senior management of a hospital. The objective of the current research is to identify managerial problems through the relationship between health employees’ perceptions of organizational justice, trust in the manager and the organization, and job satisfaction; develop a solution proposal over the relationships between these variables and motivation variables; and present a model proposal (BUY Model) as a result.Method:The study sample is comprised of 673 employees. The study data were collected online using a questionnaire consisting of five scales. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods, correlation analysis, and regression analysis.Results:The findings obtained from the study showed that the participants’ perceptions of organizational justice, trust in the manager and the organization, and job satisfaction and motivation were generally at a moderate level. The study also determined that trust in the manager and the organization had a partial mediation effect on the effect of organizational justice on job satisfaction and the variables of trust in the organization, organizational justice, and trust in the manager, respectively, and especially, the job satisfaction variable also affected motivation.Conclusion:The BUY model was developed to identify problems related to the management of healthcare human resources and solve these problems. Considering the importance of the concepts of job satisfaction and motivation in terms of employee performance, health service quality, and patient satisfaction, it is thought that the developed model will benefit managers of health institutions in increasing the job satisfaction and motivation levels of health employees.
THE TREATMENT OF THE PASSIONS IN THE MORAL PHILOSOPHY OF RENÉ DESCARTES
Authors: AZAIZES ALEXANDROS
Published: April 2024

Τhe article will examine the remedies proposed by René Descartes (1596-1650), in order to deal with unpleasant passions and their excesses, as highlighted in his last work, The Passions of the Soul (1649). In this work, Descartes attempts to reach the core of emotion and, with the help of physiology, to analyse it rationally. The aim of the French philosopher is deeply moral. The demand for a practical philosophy had occupied him since the Sixth Part of his emblematic Discourse on the Method (1637). In The Passions of the Soul this demand is satisfied. Our analysis shows that Descartes' ethics is one of action. Life requires decisions, regardless of their end result. With free will as the cornerstone of his ethical structure, Descartes will set up an educational system for regulating the passions. In dealing with this problem, Descartes opted for a «strategy of generosity». Generosity, the most important notion of Cartesian ethics and the primary remedy that Descartes suggests for useless desires, is a passion and turns into a virtue when passion becomes a habit.
Solicitación (delito de)
Authors: Núñez Fernández José
Published: April 2024

En el presente trabajo se estudian los delitos de solicitación sexual por parte de funcionario público previstos en los apartados 1, 2 y 3 del art. 443 CP. Además del análisis de sus antecedentes históricos y del bien jurídico protegido, se explica su actual ubicación sistemática dentro de los delitos contra la Administración pública y la trascendencia que respecto de su regulación ha tenido la Ley Orgánica 10/2022, de 6 de septiembre, de Garantía Integral de la libertad sexual. Asimismo, se realiza un examen de las cuestiones comunes a las dos modalidades de solicitación que prevé el ordenamiento vigente, así como de sus particularidades, y se lleva a cabo una descripción de los principales problemas concursales que plantean los tipos analizados.
Los derechos en broma. Análisis, comentarios y críticas
Authors: Merayo Fernández Rodrigo
Published: April 2024

Los derechos en broma es un libro provocador, audaz, combativo e innovador por las cuestiones que se plantea y los temas que aborda. Por esta razón, en este libro, Pablo de Lora rescata una perspectiva ‹‹tradicional›› o ‹‹clásica›› de los derechos y la legislación que, defiende, debiera de inspirar los sistemas jurídicos democráticos contemporáneos frente a lo que considera una ‹‹moralización›› de la política (y, por ende, del derecho) en el contexto de las democracias liberales. A través de cinco capítulos y un epílogo, se ponen encima de la mesa algunos asuntos de especial trascendencia, así como dignos de debate en y para la calidad y efectividad de nuestras democracias. En este examen y comentario sobre Los derechos en broma se intenta dar cuenta de los puntos que se han considerado más relevantes para la discusión y diálogo filosófico, político y jurídico, así como se esboza gunos de estos y los fundamentos o argumentos que los acompañan.
ROGUE WAVES ARISING ON THE STANDING PERIODIC WAVE IN THE HIGH-ORDER ABLOWITZ-LADIK EQUATION
Authors:   School of Mathematics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China, Zhen Yanpei
Published: April 2024

The nonlinear Schr¨odinger (NLS) equation models wave dynamics in many physical problems related to fluids, plasmas, and optics. The standing periodic waves are known to be modulationally unstable and rogue waves (localized perturbations in space and time) have been observed on their backgrounds in numerical experiments. The exact solutions for rogue waves arising on the periodic standing waves have been obtained analytically. It is natural to ask if the rogue waves persist on the standing periodic waves in the integrable discretizations of the integrable NLS equation. We study the standing periodic waves in the semidiscrete integrable system modeled by the high-order Ablowitz-Ladik (AL) equation. The standing periodic wave of the high-order AL equation is expressed by the Jacobi cnoidal elliptic function. The exact solutions are obtained by using the separation of variables and one-fold Darboux transformation. Since the cnoidal wave is modulationally unstable, the rogue waves generated on the periodic background.
Acumulación de capital, cambio tecnológico y distribución del ingreso en Argentina (1962-2019)
Authors: Malvicino Facundo E. , Terranova Lucas
Published: April 2024

Este artículo estudia la trayectoria de crecimiento económico de Argentina entre 1962 y 2019, a partir del análisis del patrón de progreso tecnológico deducido de la evolución de la productividad del trabajo y la relación producto/capital. Entre 1962 y mediados de la década de los ochenta, el cambio técnico estuvo sesgado en el sentido de Marx (ahorrador de trabajo y consumidor de capital), lo cual se traduce en una rentabilidad tendencialmente decreciente. A partir de ese momento, el cambio tecnológico adopto un patrón neutral en sentido de Hicks con un incremento de la rentabilidad hasta 2008, cuando retomo la tendencia negativa hasta el final del periodo analizado. Las transformaciones observadas a partir de mediados de los años setenta se corresponden con una disminución a la mitad de la tasa promedio de acumulación de capital, mayor volatilidad macroeconómica y las alternancias en los modelos de desarrollo.
Licitações: inaplicabilidade para contratações relacionadas ao objeto social das empresas estatais
Authors: Faria Edimur Ferreira de , Pereira Gabriel Senra da Cunha
Published: April 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a inaplicabilidade das licitações para contratações relacionadas ao objeto social das empresas estatais. É importante questionar sobre a possibilidade de definir, aprioristicamente, o momento em que tais empresas podem deixar de licitar objetos relacionados aos seus objetos sociais, pois esta hipótese, aparentemente, não parece viável. Nesse sentido, este artigo aborda o panorama geral da matéria em questão na Lei no 13.303, de 2016, examina o conteúdo do seu art. 28, § 3o, inciso I, e discorre sobre a dificuldade de se diferenciar a atividade-fim da atividade-meio. Ao final, debate-se sobre a filosofia clássica e a filosofia da linguagem, para observar que, somente nos casos concretos, é possível determinar a ocasião em que a licitação é inaplicável. O trabalho tem por referencial teórico a filosofia da linguagem de Wittgenstein. O método de pesquisa é dedutivo, partindo-se de premissas filosóficas para se chegar à conclusão.
A scoping review of literature on deep learning and symbolic AI-based framework for detecting Covid-19 using computerized tomography scans
Authors: Musanga Vengai , Chibaya Colin , Viriri Serestina
Published: April 2024

This scoping review aims to explore various Deep Learning and Symbolic Artificial Intelligence (AI) models that can be integrated into explainable hybrid AI for the purpose of detecting COVID-19 based on Computerized Tomography (CT) scans. We followed the PRISMA-ScR framework as the foundation for our scoping review protocol. Our approach included a thorough search across 13 databases, complemented by an additional random internet search for relevant articles. Due to the voluminous number of articles returned, the search was further narrowed using the keywords: Deep Learning, Symbolic AI and Hybrid AI. These keywords were used because they are more visible in the earmarked literature. A screening of all articles by title was performed to remove duplicates. The final screening process centered on the publication year, ensuring that all considered articles fell within the range of 2019 to 2023, inclusive. Subsequently, abstract or text synthesis was conducted. Our search query retrieved a total of 3,312 potential articles from the thirteen databases, and an additional 12 articles from a random internet search, resulting in a cumulative count of 3,324 identified articles. After the deduplication and screening steps, 260 articles met our inclusion criteria. These articles were categorized based on the year of publication, the type of aim, and the type of AI used. An analysis of the year of publication revealed a linear trend, indicating growth in the field of Hybrid AI. Out of the five aim categories identified, we deliberately excluded articles that lacked a specified aim. It's noteworthy that 3% of the articles focused on the integration of AI models. The low percentage value suggests that the integration aspect is overlooked, thereby transcripting the integration of Deep Learning and symbolic AI into hybrid AI as an area worth exploring. This scoping review gives an overview of how a Deep Learning and Symbolic AI-based framework has been used in the detection of COVID-19 based on CT scans.
The influence of technological preparedness on trust in e-commerce by South African SMEs with demographics as mediation variables
Authors: Madzvamuse Solomon , Kadyamatimba Armstrong , Munyoka Willard
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the impact of Technological Preparedness on trust in e-commerce by SMEs in South Africa. The study examined the role of an organisation’s Technological Preparedness in influencing the use of e-commerce. A positivist research paradigm and quantitative research approach underpins this study. Demographical factors were used as control variables. A total of 497 respondents participated in the research, and the findings highlighted the significance of Technological Preparedness in influencing trust in e-commerce by SMEs in South Africa. The findings suggest that demographics such as Age, Gender, Education Level, Province of origin, Business Category, and Internet Experience had little or no influence on trust in e-commerce compared to Technological Preparedness. The technological limitations SMEs experience significantly influence their trust in e-commerce, impacting their adoption and usage of e-commerce in their businesses. This study contributes to the existing literature on the adoption of technology by SMEs in developing countries. It provides insights for policymakers to develop effective policies that support the usage of e-commerce by SMEs to facilitate growth and sustainability. Based on the findings, government policies should improve to focus more on addressing technological issues and empower SMEs to enhance their preparedness to adopt e-commerce.
Navigating the future workplace
Authors: Awotunde Olusegun Matthew , Aregbeshola Adewale Rafiu
Published: April 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence produces a significant transformation in the workplace, which presents obstacles to the performance of intrapreneurs and the productivity of the organisation, in response to disruptive technological developments. The objective of this paper is to examine the correlation between intrapreneurship development and training initiatives and the end result for organisational performance and productivity. By employing a simplified random sampling method and a quantitative research design, this study examines the intricacies of interdepartmental relationships and emphasises the importance of development and training programmes in equipping intrapreneurs to meet the challenges of the fourth industrial revolution. The collected primary data, which was structured using a 5-point Likert scale, were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26. An intelligent strategy for increasing performance and productivity in order to gain a competitive edge, the study demonstrates that fostering and improving intradepartmental relationships is effective. This finding also indicates that training and development programmes focused on the implementation of advanced technologies significantly enhance the performance of intrapreneurs and the productivity of organisations. In order to adapt to the changing employment environment of the twenty-first century, the results underscore the necessity for organisations to give precedence to technical proficiency while cultivating an environment that promotes inventive thinking, action learning, and progress.
Factors affecting succession planning in family-owned fish trading SMEs in Mwanza City, Tanzania
Authors: Magambo Evelyne , Nyamwesa Aloyce , Mgulunde Alberto , Magasi Chacha
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study was to assess factors affecting succession planning in family-owned fish trading SMEs businesses in Mwanza city. The research utilized quantitative methodologies to evaluate the effect of individual, familial, and organizational factors on succession planning within family-owned small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Mwanza city. Chi-square analyses revealed that leadership, delegation, the ability to disassociate from the business, and successor preferences significantly influence succession planning. Moreover, the interest and abilities of the successor plays a crucial role in the planning process. The study further found that family-level factors, including traditions, compensating family members, formal communication forums, and the desire to maintain family control, also significantly affect succession planning. Regression analyses indicated that individual factors such as leadership, delegation, and the abilities of potential successors positively influenced succession planning. At the family level, practices like compensating family members and establishing formal communication channels significantly contributed to succession planning, while traditional practices like favouring the eldest son as a successor did not have a substantial impact. Additionally, the study identified that the readiness of the successor, the presence of a clear and documented succession plan, effective board governance, a well-defined organizational structure, and the existence of a written strategic plan were key predictors of successful succession planning. The findings suggest that businesses with well-defined and specific succession plans, identified successors, and active development plans for the next generation are more likely to achieve success in shaping succession planning within family-owned fish trading SMEs, providing a solid foundation for successful ownership transitions. This research offers valuable insights for future research and policy development concerning SME succession planning and business sustainability.
Survival strategies of undocumented migrants Post-COVID-19 lockdown in South Africa
Authors: Dillo Justin Ramoshaba
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa has negatively affected the lives of many individuals and families. Undocumented migrants were not an exception to this challenge. Despite encountering a number of challenges such as unemployment and being excluded from the welfare services of the country, undocumented migrants also battled with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic which forced them to develop survival strategies. It is from this background that this, study sought to explore the survival strategies of undocumented migrants post-COVID-19 lockdown in South Africa. The study used a qualitative approach wherein Musina was used as a case study. Ten migrant youth were purposively and conveniently selected to participate in this study. Data was collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews and analysed thematically through Thematic Content Analysis (TCA). Resilience theory was used to guide this study. Findings, conclusions and recommendations are provided in this paper.
A bibliometric analysis of the development of business incubation literature in South Africa
Authors: Shumba Knowledge , Ebewo Patrick
Published: April 2024

The study analyzes the development of business incubation literature in South Africa. The VOSviewer software was used to perform the bibliometric analysis of 44 articles on business incubation in South Africa conducted between 1996 and 2023 that were obtained from the Scopus database. The study has also revealed literature on business incubation started to appear in 1996 in South Africa. The study’s keyword co-occurrence analysis also revealed that the following words had the most occurrences and were clustered into the following: entrepreneurship and business incubation, business incubators and effectiveness, entrepreneurial education and informal Business, SMEs and start-up, business and sustainability, and business development and competitiveness. The study sorts the articles based on the following indicators: number of documents published in a year, eminent authors and keyword co-occurrence, which identified six categories of the most prominent research themes being covered by articles reviewed. The study only used articles that were written in English language only. Therefore, future research should consider articles written in other languages and expand the study to other regions, continents, and even global scale.
Bridging the gap: Enhancing understanding of insurance contracts to minimize claims rejections
Authors: Buthelezi Sandile , Mbirimi-Hungwe Vimbai , Hungwe Taurai , Seeletse Solly
Published: April 2024

An investigation to balance the sustainability of insurance companies and successful claims on insurance policies is important towards the economy, as well as for assisting the insured during financial difficulty when their items are damaged or lost. This paper examines some rejected short-term insurances where a misunderstanding of the contract might have caused the insurer to lose out on the claim. Data were collected from cases of courts and insurers on rejected claims due to misunderstandings by the insured. The first text data set was a court case. The second was a graph on the root causes of claims rejections from the insurer. The third was a matrix data set presenting the languages of the insured. The insurers who had refused to pay insurer claims supplied the latter two. Despite the three contexts being widely different, their results show that rejections of claims by the insurers were due to the insured failing to understand the conditions of the contracts, and thus not being able to figure out what could have caused the rejection. Hence, the use of complicated and legal language in insurance contracts results in the insured not fully understanding the contract, which leads to claims being rejected. The paper recommends the use of simple language and pinpointing in layman's form, those aspects that could lead to rejections of claims.
Analisis Clustering Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka di Provinsi DIY Tahun 2010-2022 dengan Dynamic Time Warping
Authors: Nabilla Wardah Bonitta  , Primandari Arum Handini
Published: April 2024

Pengangguran merujuk pada seseorang yang termasuk dalam angkatan kerja, secara aktif mencari pekerjaan pada tingkat upah tertentu, tetapi tidak berhasil mendapatkan pekerjaan yang diinginkan. Masalah pengangguran sangat rumit karena dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor yang kompleks yang saling berinteraksi dan tidak mudah dipahami. Dalam pembangunan ekonomi negara-negara berkembang, masalah pengangguran yang semakin meningkat menjadi lebih kompleks dan serius daripada masalah perubahan dalam pembagian pendapatan yang tidak menguntungkan bagi penduduk berpenghasilan rendah. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengelompokkan kabupaten/kota di D.I. Yogyakarta berdasarkan tingkat pengangguran terbuka menggunakan Clustering Hierarki metode Ward serta model Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) untuk mengidentifikasi kelompok-kelompok yang memiliki karakteristik serupa dalam data dan mengukur kesamaan antara dua deret waktu (Time Series). Dalam pengelompokan ini diperoleh pengelompokan sebanyak 2 dengan tingkat pengangguran terbuka pada cluster 2 memiliki persentase lebih besar (76%) dibandingkan cluster 1 (24%). Oleh karena itu, kabupaten/kota yang termasuk ke dalam cluster 2 (Sleman dan Yogyakarta) memiliki tingkat pengangguran terbuka yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kabupaten/kota yang termasuk ke dalam cluster 1 (Bantul, Gunungkidul, dan Kulon Progo).
Analisis Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Kemiskinan di NTB Dengan Menggunakan Distributed Lag Model – Model Koyck
Authors: Nurdin Hikmah , Kartika Dini Sekti
Published: April 2024

Suatu negara berkembang dianggap berhasil bila tingkat kemiskinan negara tersebut berada pada tingkat terendah. Kemiskinan yang dapat diartikan sebagai ketidakmampuan seseorang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasarnya sebagai manusia seperti kebutuhan dalam sandang, pangan, dan kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat kemiskinan di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat pada rentang tahun 2012 hingga 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang telah disediakan oleh Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) NTB berupa Tingkat Kemiskinan, Indeks Pembangunan Manusia, Produk Domestik Bruto, dan Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah Analisis regresi dengan distributed lag model dengan model koyck. Hasil penelitian menggunakan model koyck yang menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan pengangguran, pertumbuhan ekonomi dan indeks pembangunan manusia di provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat terhadap tingkat kemiskinan provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat sebesar 95.88% indeks pembangunan manusia berhubungan dengan tingat kemiskinan, pertumbuhan ekonomi 90.90% berhubungan dengan tingat kemiskinan, dan tingkat pengangguran 67.87% berhubungan dengan tingat kemiskinan. Kemudian variabel indeks pembangunan manusia, pertumbuhan ekonomi tingkat pengangguran memiliki nilai yang signifikan terhadap perubahan kemiskinan di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat dari tahun 2012 sampai dengan tahun 2022. Kemudian hasil prediksi tingkat kemiskinan dengan model koyck dari data mampu mengikuti data aktual dengan tingkat rata-rata kesalahan dibawah 10%.
Research Integrity and Publish or Perish: Definitions and Relations
Authors: Damasio Edilson
Published: April 2024

The concept of Research Integrity and research ethics are linked to the scientific research process and its communication. Presenting the results objectively is essential. It turns out that few scientists use manipulation of results and consequently other types of misconduct such as data Fabrication, Falsification, and Plagiarism (FFP). In this article, we show the definitions of these and different aspects of behavior that should be avoided, which affect principles of research reliability. We present, through a brief literature review, the concept of Research Integrity, FFP, and its relations with Publish or Perish. Editorial disputes are linked to the power that scientists have to remain in the field of research, governed by clear rules to increase their intellectual capital. We discussed that scientists tend to want their papers published in journals with better impact and well-evaluated, seeking prominence in the publishing sector. We have seen that both scientists and journals can have sequelae and problems in the face of the Publish or Perish movement, which can call into question the quality of the editorial process, peer review, and the journal itself.
Acute Methotrexate Toxicity under Low Dose Therapy
Authors: Duwor Seth , Aboe Michael , Mensah Daniel
Published: April 2024

Objective: We report a case of acute pancytopenia and liver injury after concomitant administration of low-dose methotrexate (MTX), and high-dose esomeprazole and metamizole. Case summary: A 71-year-old patient with chronic systemic idiopathic erosive arthritis was admitted after a pelvic ring fracture. After hospital admission, she received MTX in addition to esomeprazole and metamizole. Subsequent laboratory tests revealed pancytopenia and elevated liver enzymes. The follow-up clinical examinations were unremarkable, with the exception of sub-febrile temperatures. Further investigations did not detect a definitive etiology. Due to the suspicion of methotrexate-induced hematotoxicity and hepatotoxicity, antagonizing therapy with calcium folinate was administered, after which the blood counts and liver parameters normalized. Discussion: Due to the administration of high-dose metamizole immediately before the administration of low-dose MTX, the pre-existing hematotoxic pharmacodynamic effect of MTX was acutely enhanced by that of metamizole, although folic acid was administered preemptively. In addition, the concomitant administration of high-dose esomeprazole and normal dose torasemide resulted in a pharmacokinetic interaction with MTX by decreasing its renal secretion and elimination, further enhancing the concentration-dependent hematotoxic and hepatotoxic side effects of MTX. Conclusions: The relatively high demand for analgesics in patients with chronic rheumatic diseases already being treated with MTX and proton pump inhibitors necessitates that clinicians consider drug-drug interactions as potential causes of adverse drug reactions after the administration of metamizole or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In this category of patients, it is strongly recommended to switch to analgesics of other classes.
Aging Renewal Point Processes and Exchangeability of Event Times
Authors: Vanni Fabio , Lambert David
Published: April 2024

We investigate the impact of aging on exchangeable inter-arrival times in mixed renewal processes, exploring its implications for reliability and survival analysis. In this study, first, we revisit the definition of renewal point processes, where inter-event time intervals are considered as exchangeable non-negative random variables. Then, we define the concept of statistical aging as latency in the observational process of event counting. Latency affects event detection but preserves exchangeability. However, it may alter the statistical properties of inter-event time intervals. Our analytical and numerical assessments highlight the significance of aging in exchangeable lifetimes, offering insights into key metrics such as the failure survival function, renewal function, and hazard rate function. Through archetypal examples and empirical findings, we illustrate the implications of aging on renewal processes. In particular, employing a Bayesian perspective, we analyze high-frequency currency exchange rate data to assess the impact of aging on volatility risk evaluation. This study contributes novel insights to the literature of renewal theory and survival analysis, emphasizing the role of latency aging in stochastic point processes under exchangeability assumption.
Genome-Wide Methylation Analysis in Two Wild-Type Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Subgroups with Low and High PD-L1 Expression Levels
Authors: Hutarew Georg , Alinger-Scharinger Beate , Sotlar Karl , Kraus Theo F.J.
Published: April 2024

We conducted a pilot study to analyze the differential methylation status of 20 primary acinar adenocarcinomas of the lungs. These adenocarcinomas had to be wild type in mutation analysis and had either high (TPS>50%; n=10) or low (TPS<1%; n=10) PD-L1 status to be integrated into our study. To examine the methylation of 866,895 specific sites, we utilized the Illumina Infinium EPIC bead chip array. Both hypermethylation and hypomethylation play significant roles in tumor development, progression, and metastasis. They also impact the formation of the tumor microenvironment, which plays a decisive role in tumor differentiation, epigenetics, dissemination, and immune evasion. The gained methylation patterns were correlated with PD-L1 expression. Our analysis has identified distinct methylation patterns in lung adenocarcinomas with high and low PD-L1 expression. After analyzing the correlation between methylation results of genes and promoters with their pathobiology, we found that tumors with high expression of PD-L1 tend to exhibit oncogenic effects through hypermethylation. On the other hand, tumors with low PD-L1 expression show loss of their suppressor functions through hypomethylation. The suppressor functions of hypermethylated genes and promoters are ineffective compared to simultaneously activated dominant oncogenic mechanisms. The tumor microenvironment supports tumor growth in both groups.
Why Carbon Nanotubes Improve Aqueous Nanofluid Thermal Conductivity: A Qualitative Model
Authors: Khoswan Ibrahim , Nassar Heba , Assali Mohyeddin , AbuSafa Abdelrahim , Sawalha Shadi , Hilal Hikmat Said
Published: April 2024

Media thermal conductivity is important in various heat-transfer processes. Many conventional fluid conductors suffered low conductivity and environmental issues. Therefore, researchers developed efficient aqueous nanofluid conductors. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are widely studied to reach efficient, stable, low-cost and environmentally-friendly aqueous-nanofluids. This review provides a clear understanding of how CNTs improve thermal conductivity of aqueous nanofluids. A qualitative model is presented to explain literature mechanisms behind improvement. CNT type effects are discussed with other factors such as aspect ratio, Reynold number, dispersion quality, composition, temperature and additives. CNT functionalization is described. Relations to estimate nanofluid thermal conductivity are discussed. The model will help specialists to tailor CNT aqueous nanofluids as desired.
Individualized Supplementation of Immunoactive Micronutrients and Severity of Upper Respiratory Infection Symptoms – a Randomized Intervention Study
Authors: Haas Melanie , Brandl Beate , Schinhammer Laura , Skurk Thomas
Published: April 2024

Certain micronutrients exhibit immunomodulatory effects. However, no intervention has yet investigated the effect of an individualized supplementation on the severity of upper respiratory tract infections (URI). Therefore, we investigated whether a personalized supplementation moderates the incidence and severity of URI. Selenium, zinc, and vitamin D was measured from 59 healthy participants ) in dried blood spots. Accordingly, a personalized supplement was provided with or without the respective micronutrients. We used WURSS-21 questionnaires to assess the disease status. The blood values converged during the intervention and micronutrients no longer differed at the end of the intervention period between treated and untreated volunteers. The incidence and severity of the illness did not significantly differ between the groups. However, when analyzing the WURSS-21 score by the intention to treat, the initially randomized treatment arm revealed a significantly higher score than the placebo arm. Upon acute administration, individualized combination of selenium, zinc and vitamin D does not reduce the number or contribute to a milder course of URIs. Therefore, supplementation in acute infectious situations seems questionable. Further studies must address the habitual diet in more detail to better understand the impact of individual micronutrient status on the prevention of URI.
Discovery of Natural Products to SARS-CoV-2 with Comparative Molecular Docking and Moderate Cell Proliferation Inhibition in vitro
Authors: Yang Shiwei , Hu Xinming , Zhu Jinmiao , Zheng Bin , Tian Heng , Zhang Jifeng , Wang Zhixian , Gao Shan , Chu Zhaoyi , Li Shengnan , Wang Xiaohong , Bi Wenjie , Yuan Xinsong , Yang Liang , Xu Penglin
Published: April 2024

Based on screening in computational biology and biological in vitro assays, five natural products isolated from extracts of the herbal medicine toad skin, such as cinobufagin (CBFi), bufalin (BFi), arenobufagin (ABFi), telocinobufagin (TBFi), bufotalin (BFTi), were subjected to molecular docking calculations with the use of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (PDB 6LU7 and 7BTF) and top-scoring ligand-receptor complexes were obtained. The results showed that the binding energy of ABFi to the 3CL protein was -17.044kcal/mol, which was higher than CBFi and TBFi. However, the binding energy of ABFi to the RdRp protease was -23.250 kcal/mol, which was much lower than that of CBFi and TBFi, EVEN lower than that of ABFi to the 3CL protein. ABFi also has polar interactions with amino acids such as Glu811, Ser814, Ser681 and Thr680 of RdRp enzyme. The results revealed that ABFi had a moderate inhibitory effect on the cell proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, with an inhibition rate of 61.12%, even weaker than Remdesivir. This new discovery provides us with new ideas for in-depth studies on the development of natural products with this class of structural generalizations as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2, and provides an experimental basis for the next step of mechanistic studies.
An Efficient Placement Approach of Visual Sensors Under Observation Redundancy and Communication Connectivity Constraints
Authors: FAGA Yves , TOSSA Frantz , ABDOU Wahabou , DUBOIS Julien
Published: April 2024

Visual Sensor Networks (VSNs) have been the focus of numerous studies, emphasizing the quality of the information they generate. The primary goal of these networks is to capture data from an area, extract the pertinent information from the visual scene, and facilitate communication. However, the presence of objects in the study area can impacted the network's efficiency, linking the quality of acquired data directly to the positioning of the cameras. Strategically positioning multiple cameras in a potentially complex area, while ensuring effective communication between nodes, presents a challenging issue in VSNs applications. This paper introduces a specific method to enhance the deployment of visual sensors in indoor environments. The research addresses the theme of multi-objective optimization of VSN deployment, integrating various criteria: maximizing overall visual coverage, maximizing the observation of zones of interest, maximizing observation redundancy of zones of interest and ensuring communication connectivity for data transfers. To tackle this problem, we simulate the observed environment incorporating cameras, obstacles, and considering zones of interest. Camera positioning is performed while considering visual constraints and the scene's characteristics. The quality of positioning is evaluated based on the defined objective functions. Initially, a comparative study is conducted with a state-of-the-art approach, integrating the first three objective functions. Subsequently, we incorporate the fourth objective function to ensure data transfers. The proposed method demonstrates efficient camera network deployments in indoor areas, considering global coverage and observation redundancy. In contrast to the state-of-the-art, these results are achieved in areas with visual obstacles while ensuring communication connectivity between the different cameras.