bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elucidating the structure of depressive symptoms, emotion regulation, and their interrelatedness in autistic adults: A network analysis
Authors: McQuaid Goldie , Lee Nancy Raitano , Wallace Gregory
Published: November 2024

Relative to the general population, autistic adults are at elevated risk for depression. Factors related to this risk are poorly understood, yet identifying such factors is important for improving mental health in autistic people. Emotion regulation (ER) challenges may be one such factor. However, few studies have examined ER challenges and depression in autistic adults. We examined ER challenges, depressive symptomatology and their associations in 775 (aged 18-83 years) autistic adults using network analysis, a method that permits identification of key components of ER and depression and their interrelatedness. Three non-regularized weighted undirected networks were estimated: ER challenges, depressive symptomatology, and combined ER-depressive challenges. Community structures revealed in the ER challenges and depressive symptomatology networks align with theoretical/nosological models of ER challenges/depressive symptoms as well as extant research using network analysis to examine these constructs. The combined ER challenges-depressive symptomatology network indicated that ER challenges and depressive symptomatology are interrelated but distinct constructs. These preliminary findings using cross-sectional data provide a first step in understanding associations between a candidate factor in depression vulnerability in autistic adults—ER challenges—and identify important future research directions.
Kusniec's Theorem (expanded)
Authors: Kusniec Charles
Published: November 2024

This work presents a comprehensive study on the distribution of prime numbers through geometric and arithmetic methodologies, offering new insights into their behavior and verifying several conjectures, including Legendre’s, Oppermann’s, Brocard’s, and Andrica’s conjectures. By introducing tools such as the Parabolic Sieve of Primes with Offset (PSO), the Periodic Table of Odd Prime Numbers, and the Map of Odd Numbers with Their Divisors (MOND), this study demonstrates the structured and periodic nature of prime distributions. It introduces novel numerical zones between odd squares and oblong numbers to systematically analyze prime densities and sieve methods. Additionally, implications for other prominent conjectures like Bertrand’s Postulate, Cramér’s, Firoozbakht’s, and Ramanujan primes are explored, further affirming the non-sparse distribution of primes across the number line. The findings offer a unifying perspective on prime gaps, density, and divisors, providing a robust foundation for future research in analytic and computational number theory.This study, presented as a preprint, offers preliminary insights that are yet to undergo peer review. Future revisions may further refine the findings and conclusions drawn here.Keywords: Prime Numbers, Legendre’s Conjecture, Oppermann’s Conjecture, Brocard’s Conjecture, Andrica’s Conjecture, Prime Gaps, Parabolic Sieve, Numerical Zones, Oblong Numbers, Ramanujan Primes, Bertrand’s Postulate.2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 11A41: Primes, 11N05: Distribution of primes, 11A07: Congruences; primitive roots; residue systems, 11P32: Gaps between numbers represented by polynomials or linear forms, 11Y55: Computational number theory, 11A25: Arithmetic functions; related numbers, 11B75: Combinatorial number theory, 11A51: Factorization; primality.
Major sources of computational complexity in complex decision-making
Authors: Drugowitsch Jan , Pouget Alexander
Published: November 2024

What makes decision-making hard, and what determines the time it takes to make a decision? For simple decisions, the standard answer implicates neuronal noise: its presence makes decisions hard, and averaging it out comes at the cost of long reaction times. We argue that this explanation is unlikely to hold for complex decisions. Instead, complex decisions are constrained by two main factors: memory retrieval and value computation. Indeed, most decisions require retrieving relevant information from memory, and use it to compute the choice options’ values. For the large memories of vertebrate brains, both operations can be extremely complex even if the neural circuits implementing them are perfectly noiseless. Yet, the importance of these factors has not yet been fully recognized in systems neuroscience, which tends to focus on tasks in which values are retrieved from simple noisy look-up tables. The interrogation of more complex and realistic tasks, similar to the ones used in human research, might help bridge this gap.
Interdecadal Dynamics of the North Pacific Ocean
Authors: Auad Guillermo
Published: November 2024

An isopycnal ocean model forced by NCEP–NCAR reanalysis wind stresses and heat fluxes is used to study the interdecadal variability of the Pacific Ocean in the 1958–97 period. A reasonable agreement is found between the model’s modes of variability and those obtained by other researchers from both 100 years of observations and theoretical predictions. In agreement with previous observational work, decadal and interdecadal timescales have different descriptions, and from this study, it is suggested that they indeed have different dynamics. This study focuses on the dynamics of the ocean’s interdecadal variability, that is, of timescales of about 20 yr. The decadal timescale, that is, 10 yr, is briefly outlined and compared with previous studies. It is found that atmospheric heat fluxes play a key role in establishing the interdecadal SST pattern in the midlatitudinal North Pacific. These fluxes would excite a high baroclinic mode, igniting a series of events that move around the basin. In midlatitudes, interdecadal SSTs are most sensitive to the heat flux forcing along the eastern boundary north of about 308N, in the western North Pacific at about 408N, and along 208N eastward of the date line; in the eastern North Pacific and north of 408N, interdecadal pycnocline anomalies move across the Gulf of Alaska and toward the Aleutian Islands up to about the Kamchatka Peninsula, continuing to the southwest down to about 288N. In their path, pycnocline oscillations induce SST changes in the Kuroshio–Oyashio Extension. On the other hand, in the eastern Tropics, the wind stress curl would induce interdecadal pycnocline oscillations that (between 108 and 208N) propagate as Rossby waves, similar to those observed there for annual and interannual timescales, which, after crossing the date line, turn toward the north-northwest. All of these waves and/or events move or propagate within areas where the mean flow is of smaller amplitude than the phase speed in the direction of motion. In addition, the results presented here would suggest that a process similar to a servomechanism, and as envisaged by other authors, is present along 408N, suggestive of an active ocean–atmosphere interaction over this area. Major differences are found between decadal and interdecadal dynamics.
A Roadmap for Transformative Translational Research on Gambling Disorder in the UK
Authors: Hynes Tristan , Bowden-Jones Henrietta , Chamberlain Sam , Belin David
Published: November 2024

The UK has one of the highest rates of recreational gambling in the world. Some vulnerable individuals progressively lose control over gambling and develop at-risk gambling or gambling disorder (GD), characterised by compulsive pursuit of gambling. GD destroys lives and incurs massive costs to societies, yet only a few treatments are available. Failure to develop a wider range of interventions is in part due to a lack of funding that has slowed progress in translational research necessary to understand the individual vulnerability to switch from controlled to compulsive gambling. Current preclinical models of GD do not operationalise the key clinical features of the human condition. The so-called “gambling tasks” for non-human mammals almost exclusively assess probabilistic decision-making, which is not real-world gambling. While they have provided insights into the psychological and neural mechanisms involved in the processing of gains and losses, these tasks have failed to capture those underlying real-world gambling and its compulsive manifestation in humans. Here, we highlight the strengths and weaknesses of current gambling-like behaviour tasks and suggest how their translational validity may be improved. We then propose a theoretical framework, the incentive habit theory of GD, which may prove useful for the operationalisation of the biobehavioural mechanisms of GD in preclinical models. We conclude with a list of recommendations for the development of next-generation preclinical models of GD and discuss how modern techniques in animal behavioural experimentation can be deployed in the context of GD preclinical research to bolster the translational pipeline.
Racial/Ethnic Discrimination Shapes Adolescent Brain Connectivity: Social Buffers and Implications for Executive Function
Authors: Duell Natasha , Alvarez Gabriella M , Telzer Eva H. , Muscatell Keely
Published: November 2024

This pre-registered study used moderated mediation to examine the longitudinal effect of racial/ethnic discrimination on executive function via resting state functional connectivity between four neural networks among 4,669 adolescents of color (e.g., 44% Latinx, 43% Black, 13% Asian, 8% Native American). Further, we explored familism and school support as social-environmental buffers. Measures included self-report, experimental, and resting state fMRI methods from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study. Greater racial/ethnic discrimination impeded adolescents’ executive function via longitudinal effects on connectivity between the brain’s attention networks, specifically among youth evincing low familism Among adolescents reporting low school support, greater discrimination was associated with heightened dorsal attention—salience network connectivity. Findings offer initial evidence for the neurobiological processes impacted by discrimination for marginalized youth. Identifying familism and school support as strengths that may “break the link” between discrimination and brain function contributes fundamental insights into brain plasticity and resilience during adolescence.
Analyzing Urban Transformation A Review of Key Events and Developments in Shanghai from 2010 to 2024
Authors: Dong Lianjie , Jin Yujie , Han Li
Published: November 2024

Shanghai's urban transformation from 2010 to 2024 showcases remarkable advancements in infrastructure, housing, and technological integration, alongside efforts to preserve its historical heritage. The city has prioritized improving living conditions through affordable housing, historical building renovations, and community engagement initiatives. However, challenges such as waste management, air pollution, and an aging population persist, highlighting the complexities of urbanization. Technological innovation, including smart city solutions and sustainable transportation systems, continues to drive progress, while cultural integration fosters Shanghai's identity as a global metropolis. As the city faces demographic and environmental challenges, its commitment to sustainability and balanced urban development will shape its future trajectory. Shanghai’s approach serves as a model for modern cities aiming to harmonize economic growth, cultural preservation, and environmental stewardship.
Systematic Pyramid Reviews – A new method of evidence synthesis from different research approaches for routine health care decision making and practice
Authors: Borgetto Bernhard
Published: November 2024

Background: Science-based clinical decision-making and practice in everyday healthcare requires synthesized evidence from different research approaches. The usual focus on RCTs (randomized controlled trials) as the methodological gold standard and the associated neglect of observa-tional studies and qualitative studies does not meet these requirements. The aim of the project presented here was to develop a type of review with which study results from all relevant re-search approaches can be synthesized and the significance of this overall state of evidence on the effects of therapeutic interventions can be critically appraised.Methods: Over a period of almost 20 years, a four-sided evidence hierarchy (research pyramid) was developed on the basis of general epistemological and methodological principles, which is based on two fundamental distinctions: experimental and observational as well as quantitative and qualitative research approaches. From this the type of a Pyramid Review was developed. Results: A Pyramid Review is based on the usual steps for systematic reviews - but without re-striction to specific research approaches or study designs. The specific steps of a Pyramid Review are the following: (A) Assignment of the individual studies and reviews to the corresponding research approach on the research pyramid; (B) Preliminary appraisal of the level of evidence; (C) Critical appraisal of the quality of the conduct of the study, and downgrading of the level of evidence as indicated; (D) Critical appraisal of the quality of results, and upgrading of the level of evidence if appropriate; (E) Clustering the individual studies according to research approach and conducting partial reviews; (F) Critical synthesis of the overall state of evidence from the partial reviews. Conclusion: A Pyramid Review for clinical practice and research currently seems to be the most meaningful form of evidence synthesis for supporting routine health care. It comprehensively considers evidence from different research approaches and evaluates it according to strict re-spective methodological standards. It also makes it clear which research approaches may be overrepresented and which are underrepresented in relation to a particular clinical question.
The Effect of Stress on the Understanding of Goal-Directed Actions in 6- to 8-Month-Old Infants
Authors: Exner Anna , Witt Sarah , Seehagen Sabine , Zmyj Norbert
Published: November 2024

Mild stress is present in infants’ everyday life, but its effect on their cognition is largely unexplored experimentally. The present pre-registered study tested whether stress leads to a shift from a goal-directed to a movement-based interpretation of others’ actions. Eighty-eight infants aged 6 to 8 months were tested in a stress or a control condition. Pre- and post-stress levels were assessed via parental rating and salivary cortisol. In a subsequent visual habituation paradigm, infants watched videos showing a human hand repeatedly grasping one of two objects. At test, infants watched videos showing the objects in reversed positions and the objects were grasped alternately. Salivary cortisol concentrations and parental ratings indicated higher stress levels of infants in the stress condition than in the control condition after stress manipulation. No statistically significant difference in looking behavior at test as a function of condition (stress, control) was found. Across conditions infants looked longer to the test trials showing a hand grasping the new object using the old grasping path, indicating that they had habituated to the goal of the grasping movement and thereby showed an encoding of the goal of the actor. Additionally, infants in the stress condition showed a longer accumulated looking time during the habituation than non-stressed infants. These results suggest that acute stress does not influence infants’ interpretation of actions as goal-directed. Nevertheless, the slower speed of habituation in stressed infants suggests that identifying the action target may have been more difficult for them.
Thinking Beyond Substances: Why Behavioral “Addiction” Research must Move past Substance Use Disorder Paradigms
Authors: Grubbs Joshua B. , Boness Cassandra L.
Published: November 2024

Grubbs, J.B. and Boness, C.L. (In Press) Thinking Beyond Substances: Why Behavioral “Addiction” Research must Move past Substance Use Disorder Paradigms, Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science.
Linguistic intuitions are about communicativeness, not grammaticalness
Authors: Scott-Phillips Thom
Published: November 2024

People have spontaneous intuitions about the acceptability of sentences. "She gave me a book" is acceptable in English but "She gived I a book" is not. These intuitions are critical for the scientific study of language and cognition in many ways. They are widely assumed to be outputs of an intuitive sense of grammaticalness, and this assumption has provided the basis for many influential research programs, over many decades. Here I describe this assumption as illusory. Linguistic intuitions are better explained as byproduct effects of humans’ intuitive sense of communicativeness. Precisely, sentences are unacceptable when there appears to be an inherent impossibility of interpreting them in any way consistent with the unconscious presumption of communicative efficiency that governs the interpretation of all stimuli perceived as communicative. As such, linguistic intuitions parallel the intuitions that accompany ‘impossible objects’: visual illusions in which stimuli appear as objects but cannot be interpreted in any way consistent with the unconscious presumptions that govern the interpretation of all stimuli perceived as objects. The communicativeness approach accounts for signature features of linguistic intuition more parsimoniously than the grammaticalness approach. A single general principle may govern all linguistic intuition, but that general principle is about communicativeness, not grammaticalness.
Assessing Conflicts in Forest Management Among Different User Groups: A Case Study of Mwekera Forest Reserve
Authors: Phiri Ackim
Published: November 2024

Conflict resolution is a vital component of effective forest resource management, attracting the attention of various stakeholders in many protected forest areas in Zambia. Challenges in achieving peaceful resolutions, disputes over land control, over-exploitation of forests for charcoal production, and agricultural expansion have led to the shrinkage of forest areas. Effective conflict resolution strategies, institutional arrangements, and a thorough understanding of conflict sources are essential for maintaining healthy forests, fostering a peaceful society, and combating the impacts of climate change. While several researchers have studied conflict management in some protected areas across the country, few studies have focused specifically on conflict resolution and management in Mwekera Forest Reserve. This study aimed to understand conflicts in forest management among different user groups. A random sampling technique was employed, with one of the five communities in the area—Mabote—randomly selected for the study. Data was collected using a structured survey questionnaire, which included questions on the socio-demographic status of respondents, causes of conflicts, institutional arrangements in conflict management, and control measures in practice. Additionally, in-depth interviews with key informants were conducted to gather data not captured by the questionnaires. A total of 70 respondents from Mabote community participated in this study. The findings indicated that nearly half (46%) of respondents identified equitable benefit-sharing as crucial for conflict management in the forest reserve. This was followed by equal access to forest areas and products (28.4%), stakeholder engagement and participation (14.3%), and enhanced forest monitoring (9.2%). A smaller portion of respondents (2.1%) pointed to the need for improving laws and policies. The results suggest that current conflict management practices in the forest reserve are insufficient (46%) to ensure effective forest management, despite the increasing sources of conflict and forest degradation. The Forest Department emerged as the primary stakeholder in Mwekera Forest Reserve’s management, exercising total control, which has led to the exclusion of local communities from accessing the forest and its resources. Therefore, effective conflict resolution measures are essential to enable equitable resource access, sustainable forest management, and conflict mitigation in the reserve.
Promoting Decent Work and Equal Pay in the Informal Agricultural Sector: A Gender Perspective
Authors: Shrestha Prabin , Bhandari Gaurav , Rai Melija , Khadka Nirajan , Rai Shanti , Tamrakar Shristi , Khanal Avishek , Giri Suja
Published: November 2024

Agriculture, the oldest human activity, is the livelihood for millions, especially in developing countries where it drives economic growth and poverty reduction. However, the informal agricultural sector lacks poor working conditions, low wages, lack of legal protection, and significant gender-based discrimination. Women often face unequal access to resources, training, and fair wages, perpetuating a cycle of poverty. This review paper examines decent work and equal pay in the informal agricultural sector, focusing on gender disparities, and offers recommendations to promote gender equality, empowerment, and sustainable development through targeted interventions and policy improvements. The study used the PRISMA model for a systematic literature review. The study highlighted the five dimensions of decent work identified by the ILO, providing a comprehensive framework for understanding and addressing challenges in achieving decent work. The review also identified several factors influencing decent work and equal pay, including government policies, market dynamics, social norms, power dynamics, and social security programs. The review further discussed the gender dimension of decent work and equal pay, highlighting the gender wage gap and the challenges faced by women in accessing decent work and fair compensation in the sector. Innovative approaches to promoting decent work and equal pay were also discussed, including social protection programs, collective bargaining, microfinance initiatives, vocational training, and digital tools.
PRODUCTIVE AND INTERIOR INDICATORS OF KALMYK BEEF CATTLE BULLS IN THE FOOTHILL ZONE OF DAGESTAN
Authors: Sadykov Mugudin , Simonov Gennady , Kebedova Patimat , Alikhanov Magomedganifa
Published: November 2024

The results of the cultivation of Kalmyk cattle bulls of
different birth periods in the conditions of the foothill zone
of the Republic of Dagestan are presented. It was noted that
the young of the I – spring season of birth to weaning at the
age of 8 months had a live weight of 182.1 kg, and the peers
of the II group reached 195 kg. The differences in live weight
indicators in bulls of the winter birth season were 12.9 kg or
7.1 % more at P≤0.05. At 18 months of age, bulls of the winter
birth period with a live weight of 454.4 kg were removed from
fattening, and peers 425.8 kg, respectively. The advantage of
bulls of the winter period of birth in live weight over their peers
was 28.6 kg, or 6.7 % (P≤0.001). Animals of the winter birth
season also outperformed their peers in average daily growth
by 51 g, or by 6.8 %. The animals of the winter period of birth
had heavier carcasses with uniform watering compared to the
bulls of the spring period of birth. According to the mass of
the paired carcass, the difference was 22.01 kg, in favor of the
young animals of the winter period of birth, or it was 9.9 % more
in comparison with the bulls of the spring period of birth. At the
same time, the slaughter yield was 56.6 % for the first group,
and 58.2 %, for the second group, or it was in favor of the
bulls of the experimental group of the winter period3a4 birth
by 1.6 %. It has been established that animals of the winter
birth season, fed using the cow-calf technology in the foothill
province of Dagestan, have higher productivity indicators
compared to analogues of the spring period.
SIRE EVALUATION OF THE ZAANEN BREED ON THE MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF THEIR DAUGHTERS
Authors: Sinyakov Vitaliy , Gladkikh Marianna , Selionova Marina , Glushenko Marina
Published: November 2024

Over the past few years, interest in dairy goat breeding has
increased in Russia. However, the share of breeding animals in
farms reaches only 1.8 %, while for the dynamic development
of the industry it should be at least 15 %. The successful
implementation of breeding goals is largely determined by how
accurately the breeding and genetic parameters are evaluated
in the conditions of a particular herd. The importance of
estimating the value of the heritability of the traits determining
the breeding objectives has determined the relevance of the
present study. We have conducted the estimation of 11 goat
breeders of the Zaanen breed with following signs of dairy
efficiency of their daughters: duration of lactation, milk yield
per lactation and standard milk yield per 305 days of lactation,
fat and protein content in milk. The studies were carried out
in the breeding farm «ECO Ferma «Klimovskaya» of Kaluga
Region. Data on the first lactation of 171 goats obtained from
the analyzed producers were included in the assessment. It was
shown that daughters of different bucks were characterized by
a high diversity of milk yield in 305 days of lactation (Cv was
49–60 %). No reliable influence of goat breeder diversity was
found both on the milk yield of their daughters and on the fat
and protein content in milk. The rank correlation coefficients
between milk yield and fat and protein content were negative
and were –0.53 and –0.35, respectively; the number of days of
lactation and protein content was –0.51. There was a medium
positive relationship between the number of days of lactation
and milk yield in 305 days of lactation – +0.60, a weak positive
relationship between protein and fat content in milk – +0.10–
0.40. To ensure genetic progress in dairy goat breeding, it is
necessary to make not only phenotypic, but also genotypic
evaluation of used bucks on the basis of calculation of selection
and genetic parameters.
The study was carried out within the framework of the
complex project «Scientific and technological frontiers» of
the program of strategic academic leadership «Priority-2030»
on the topic «Biotechnological methods of reproduction and
genomic technologies in breeding farm animals and preserving
the gene pool of small breeds».
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF CHITOSAN IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL SECTOR
Authors: Sevostyanova Olga , Didenko Denis , Demidova Elena
Published: November 2024

PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF CHITOSAN IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL SECTOR
METODE KONSELING PSIKOLOG KLINIS DALAM MENANGANI KORBAN KEKERASAN PEREMPUAN DAN ANAK
Authors: Pratiwi Fira , Mayasari Ros , Syamsu Khairunnisa , Zuhrah Ni'matuz
Published: November 2024

ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan metode penelitian kualitatif yang menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan teknik analisis deskriptif yang melibatkan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pendampingan yang dilakukan di UPTD-PPA dilakukan oleh konselor dan psikolog klinis, fungsi atau tugas konselor ialah melakukan asessment terhadap korban sedangkan psikolog klinis melakukan penanganan lanjut pada korban. Metode konseling yang digunakan yaitu metode konseling individu, dengan teknik bermain pada anak dengan menggunakan tes gambar atau tes CAT (Children Apperception Test) atau TAT (Tematic Apperception Test). Adapun pada perempuan, tahap pertama akan diberikan psikoedukasi. Tahap kedua, akan dilatih dengan menggunakan teknik relaksasi sederhana, teknik pernapasan sederhana, dan tenik graunding. Tahap ketiga, korban akan diberikan terapi berupa relaksasi imagery dan cognitive behaviora theraphy. Dalam melakukan konseling terhadap korban psikolog klinis juga menyisipkan nilai-nilai Islam diantaranya dapat dilakukan melalui shalat dan nasihat-nasihat untuk mendekatkan diri kepada Allah, dan dapat menyebutkan kata-kata afirmasi positif tetapi digantikan dengan berdo’a. Faktor pendukung keberhasilan penanganan korban adalah kesadaran korban dalam melaporkan kekerasan yang dialaminya serta keterbukaan dan kerja sama korban dalam memberikan informasi. Selain itu, jumlah tenaga pelayanan yang cukup, kompetensi atau keahlian petugas UPTD-PPA yang mumpuni dalam menangani korban, serta sarana dan prasarana yang memadai. Faktor penghambatnya adalah korban tidak memberikan informasi secara jelas, adanya intervensi dari anggota keluarga maupun dari pengacara, serta terdapat beberapa korban yang masih bersikap tertutup dan tidak kooperatif dalam proses konseling yang dilakukan.
STRATEGI SOSIALISASI MODERASI BERAGAMA KANTOR WILAYAH KEMENTERIAN AGAMA PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Authors: Muthoharoh Muthoharoh , Samsuri Samsuri , Nurdin Nurdin , Zuhrah Ni'matuz
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi sosialisasi moderasi beragama di Kantor Wilayah Kementerian Agama Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa strategi sosialisasi moderasi beragama yang dilakukan oleh Kantor Wilayah Kementerian Agama Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara, pelatihan penguatan moderasi beragama, sosialisasi moderasi beragama, memanfaatkan media sosial dalam mensosialisasikan moderasi beragama, pemberian pemahaman moderasi beragama bagi pelajar, moderasi beragama di rumah ibadah, pembinaan dan evaluasi pemahaman moderasi beragama bagi masyarakat, menghadirkan tokoh Nasional dan Internasional sebagai narasumber podcast moderasi beragama, membuat ruangan moderasi beragama, menggaungkan tagline “SALAM 3B, Bersama, Bersatu, Bersaudara”, menerbitkan buku moderasi beragama. Adapun faktor pendukung sosialisasi moderasi beragama bahwa program moderasi merupakan program prioritas pemerintah, kemajuan teknologi yang memudahkan proses sosialisasi, adanya keterlibatan penyuluh, penggerak serta lembaga-lembaga keagamaan yang membantu Kemenag dalam melakukan sosialisasi moderasi beragama di masyarakat, budaya masyarakat Sulawesi Tenggara yang mendukung sikap moderat dalam beragama, metode sosialisasi beragam. Kemudian faktor penghambat kurangnya kedisiplinan peserta dan pemateri dalam proses sosialisasi, terbatasnya anggaran kegiatan, maraknya informasi hoax terkait moderasi beragama, letak geografis suatu tempat sosialisasi yang masih sulit dijangkau, sarana dan prasarana yang kurang mendukung, adanya kelompok ekstrim dalam beragama.
Efeitos da alteração da alíquota dos depósitos compulsórios no retorno sobre o patrimônio líquido e na margem de lucro de bancos brasileiros (2011-2023)
Authors: Joaquim Francisco Domingos , Souza Beppler Lucas , Augusto Ely Regis
Published: November 2024

Este estudo investiga qual o efeito de um aperto na alíquota dos depósitoscompulsórios no retorno sobre o patrimônio líquido (ROE) e na margem de lucro de bancos grandes, médios e pequenos brasileiros. Para tanto, utiliza-se uma base de dados que engloba 41 instituições bancárias brasileiras de 2011 a 2023 e estimam-se regressões de painel de dados com efeito fixo. Os resultados deste estudo apontam para reduções do ROE dado um aperto das alíquotas de depósito compulsório independentemente do porte do banco. Por outro lado, apenas bancos pequenos sofrem redução na sua margem de lucro dada uma política de compulsório mais restritiva.
AI in the Classroom: A Boon or a Threat to Pedagogical Practices?
Authors:   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Talgatov Y. , Kassymova G.K. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University, Nurtanto M. ,   Mechanical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Jakarta
Published: November 2024

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education offers significant potential to enhance learning experiences through personalized feedback, automated support, and efficient content creation tools. However, this study reveals both the benefits and potential drawbacks of AI’s role in pedagogy, particularly about over-reliance among secondary school students. Through a literature review, teacher surveys, and an experiment with sixth-grade students, the research explores how AI tools impact student engagement, critical thinking, and retention. Survey responses from teachers indicate mixed views on AI’s effect on student independence, with some perceiving it as supportive for engagement and others noting a risk of dependency. The experiment further suggests that while AI tools can spark initial interest, the retention of AI-generated content may be moderate, and student customization of content remains minimal. These findings underscore the need for a balanced approach, where AI tools are utilized as supplements rather than replacements for traditional educational practices, fostering a supportive yet critical engagement with technology.
Wetting and interaction of titanium melt with barium zirconate
Authors:   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation JSC, Satbayev University, Panichkin A.V. , Uskenbaeva A.M. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation JSC, Satbayev University, Kshibekova B. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation JSC, Satbayev University, Alibekov Zh. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation JSC, Satbayev University, Chukmanova M. ,   Institute of Metallurgy and Ore Beneficiation JSC, Satbayev University
Published: November 2024

The paper presents the results of a study of the reaction interaction and the contact angle of wetting during contact of titanium melt with the surface of a barium zirconate substrate. It is shown that the titanium melts at 1720°C wets the barium zirconate substrate. The wetting process is considered, accompanied by gas evolution, penetration of the titanium melt through capillaries between BaZrO3 particles and partial dissolution of the substrate. Upon completion of the spreading process, the contact angle of wetting of the BaZrO3 substrate by the titanium melt is 18°. The high wettability of BaZrO3 ceramics and its dissolution in the titanium melt does not allow its use as components of lining and molding materials for melting and casting of titanium alloys in cases where high requirements are imposed on the castings for chemical composition and, accordingly, mechanical properties.
Girls Who Love Girls and Boys Who Love Girlish Dresses
Authors: Mandolini Nicoletta
Published: November 2024

Joana Estrela, born in Penafiel in 1990, is a Portuguese illustrator and comics artist whose short but rich career path intersects significantly with the concerns of girlhood and the dynamics of the transnational creation and circulation of graphic narratives. In 2013, she self-published the zine, Os vestidos do Tiago, which was later re-published by the independent Luso-Brazilian publisher Sapata Press in 2018 and is now available in English with the title James's Dresses (2019). The zine is a short immersion into the fictional, though quite realistic, world of Tiago, a boy who loves wearing feminine dresses and is not scared of experimenting with them. Despite having a boy as protagonist, Os vestidos do Tiago can be looked at as Estrela's first attempt at representing girlhood, given the presence, in the publication, of crucial aesthetic references to the realm of childhood and femininity.
How to use Excel to teach fractions?
Authors: Aşıcı Fahrettin , Çinar Cengiz
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to examine the effect of using Excel in teaching fractions in a 6th grade mathematics course on students' academic achievement and attitudes. To achieve this, a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group was implemented. The research involved 62 students from a public secondary school in a central province of eastern Turkey over a period of 12 class hours (3 weeks). Prior to the study, experimental and control groups were randomly assigned, and efforts were made to balance the groups based on various factors (e.g., pass marks, pretest scores). A mathematics achievement test (MAT) comprising 18 multiple-choice questions, and a 20-item mathematics attitude scale (MAS) were employed to collect data. The experimental group was taught using the Excel program, while the control group received instruction via traditional teaching methods outlined in the curriculum. Data collected after the intervention were analyzed using t-tests in the SPSS program. The results revealed a significant improvement in the academic achievement of the experimental group compared to the control group, indicating the effectiveness of using Excel-based teaching materials. Additionally, both groups showed positive changes in their attitudes towards mathematics; however, no significant difference was found between the groups in terms of the impact of the teaching method on students' attitudes.
Refining Progressions and Tasks: A Case Study of Design Cycles to Support Covariational Reasoning
Authors: Paoletti Teo , Gantt Allison L. , Vishnubhotla Madhavi , Greenstein Steven
Published: November 2024

Design-based research is a common tool mathematics educators use to study student learning and to generate high-level learning progressions and sequences of concrete mathematical tasks through iterative research cycles. There is a need for more transparent accounts of how researchers make decisions during the generation of such progressions and tasks. We address this need by describing the results of a case study of our design decisions, leveraging the constructs of local instruction theories and hypothetical learning trajectories to frame our decisions to promote students’ quantitative and covariational reasoning. We describe four considerations that influenced our re-design both of mathematical tasks and of learning progressions to support students’ covariational reasoning across seven teaching cycles with middle school students in the U.S. (ages 12-14). The four considerations that repeatedly influenced our task design decisions between cycles are: 1) supporting student thinking towards our goals, 2) eliciting student thinking, 3) keeping instruction efficient, and 4) exploring new possibilities. We discuss the importance of these considerations in our own work. We also highlight ways this work informs research on students’ quantitative and covariational reasoning and provide implications for task design. Through this report, we intend to provide an account that examines the task design process with reflexivity in a way that is useful for other researchers.
OPTIMIZATION AND VALIDATION OF PARA AMINOPHENOL SYNTHESIS FROM NITROBENZENE USING HOMOGENEOUS ACID CATALYST
Authors: Rismana Eriawan , Sudarsono Didik , Fakhruddin Muhammad Irfan , Indah Puspayani Ni Luh , Rahayu Maya Damayanti , Kusumaningrum Susi
Published: November 2024

Para-aminophenol (PAP) was synthesized from nitrobenzene through a two-step homogeneous acid catalyst reaction. In the first step, the intermediate of phenyl hydroxylamine was synthesized from the reduction of nitrobenzene with zinc. Next, the intermediate undergoes a Bamberger rearrangement in the presence of sulfuric acid into PAP. The PAP was purified with toluene extraction, an adsorption process with activated carbon, and crystalized by adjusting the pH solution. The reaction temperature, H2SO4 concentration, and reaction time on PAP yield were also optimized and validated. The process validation result showed that about 46.60 % PAP yield and 80 % PAP purification were obtained within the conditional process, such as a reaction temperature of 70oC, H2SO4 concentration of 1.5 M, reaction time of 150 min, and crystallization temperature of 5oC. Furthermore, the PAP product was identified with FT-IR and UPLC-MS. FT-IR spectrum showed pattern similarity with the standard of PAP, and the molar mass of the PAP synthesized measured by UPLC-MS was 109.23 g/mole, similar to PAP in the literature.
Sulfur in Tephra of Opala Volcano Eruption ca. 1500 years ago, Kamchatka
Authors: Felitsyn S. B. , Kirianov V. Yu.
Published: November 2024

Sulfur-bearing compounds of Plinian-type volcanic eruptions can be transferred with ash particles of distal tephra over considerable distances. Average sulfur content in tephra of Opala volcano (Kamchatka, eruption ca. 1500 years ago) comprises 310 ppm with maximum concentration up to 800 ppm. Connection detected between sulfur content in bulk samples and the particle size distribution – sulfur is predominantly contained in the fraction 0.25‒0.50 mm represented by elongated ash particles with elongated gas pores 1.0‒10.0 mkm in diameter. The most likely reason for the dependence of sulfur content on the texture of ash particles is preservation of sulfur compounds of the water-soluble complex inside gas pores. Sulfur-containing compounds deposited on the surface of ash particles were removed by precipitation in the process of existing tephra in continental environment. Ingress of ash particles into bottom sediments containing sulfur compounds on the inner surface of gas pores during plinian type eruptions similar to the eruption of Opala volcano ca. 1500 years ago, may influence the geochemistry of lithogenesis and lead to redistribution of elements sensitive to the presence of acid-forming agents in the sediment at the stage of diagenesis.
Geochemical Characteristics of Melts from the Eastern Volcanic Belt and Sredinny Range of Kamchatka: Analysis of Evidence from Melt Inclusions
Authors: Tolstykh M. L. , Naumov V. B. , Girnis A. V.
Published: November 2024

We analyzed sets of published data on the composition of glasses from melt inclusions in minerals of volcanics from the Eastern Volcanic Front and Sredinny Range of Kamchatka. A significant difference was revealed between the distribution of silica contents in the rocks and melts: intermediate compositions are most common among the rocks, whereas the melts are dominantly silicic. The distribution of major and trace element was analyzed. It was shown that the contents of some elements are environment-specific (e. g., Nb and light REE). We distinguished trace element ratios in melts that most strongly correlate with the geodynamic setting.
Heat Flow of Continental Rift Zones: A New Approach to Data Evaluation
Authors: Khutorskoy M. D. , Teveleva E. A.
Published: November 2024

The features of heat flow distribution in some rift zones are considered, namely: the Baikal rift zone, the Shanxi–Liaohe rift, the Jordan rift, the Orel Trough (Sture) in the north of the Svalbard plate, as well as the rift zone of Iceland. Heat flow asymmetry relative to the rift centerline is also noted against the increased heat flow background in the rift zone compared to adjacent areas. The nature of such asymmetry is connected not only with the different faults permeability on the sides but also with planetary factors – forces acting on a rotating planet, in particular, with the Coriolis force. Heat flow increase on the eastern flanks compared with the western flanks in the considered rifts of the meridional strike is consistent with the Coriolis force vector in the Earth Northern Hemisphere.
Integrated model for digital oil field development management
Authors: Shpurov I. V. , Danko M. Yu. , Kharchenko K. S. , Pecherkin M. F. , Krotova A. G. , Simakov E. A.
Published: November 2024

Providing the extractive industry with new technologies to maintain the levels of oil and gas production planned in the strategy of the Russian Federation is the most important task. First of all, an increase in profitable reserves must be ensured; this goal can be achieved both through geological exploration and through the capabilities of “digital transformation” and the formatting of decision-making systems. A field controlled by artificial intelligence is a new reality. At the same time, the main task of AI is not to reduce jobs or completely replace humans in the field, but to provide a systematic, objective approach to decision-making based on physics and mathematics, and not on the personal experience of an individual. Currently, the main planning tool in the oil and gas industry is a geological and hydrodynamic model. Recently, thanks to an increase in design capacity, the industry has made an evolutionary leap in this direction and is transitioning to integrated modeling that combines both the underground and surface parts of the field. The future is neural network technologies, combined with classical methods into a single digital environment for optimizing all processes, from reservoir to processing and sales of products. In the new paradigm, the process of development management at different stages of field development requires a radical transformation of both the tools used for this and changes in governing documents. To meet the ever-accelerating pace of progress, timely updating of the legislative framework is required, development of regulations for integrated modeling, including all elements of research and production, from seismic exploration to field development; in addition, each stage of field development requires its own requirements for the quality and volume of initial information, in accordance with the new production paradigm.
Sources of Identity: Ukrainian Naive in Modern Graphic and Interspecies Design
Authors: Udris-Borodavko Natalia
Published: November 2024

The aim of the article is to analyse theoretical studies of naive art in Ukraine and implemented design solutions; to study patterns, possibilities and effective methods of designers’ appeal to the creative work of naive artists; to formulate recommendation conclusions on the development of this type of design practice. Research methods. The empirical method, the method of analysis and synthesis are applied. Scientific and journalistic materials on the study of Ukrainian naive art and its use in modern design practice are analysed. The source base is made up of Ukrainian graphic and interspecies design projects created over the past 10 years. Scientific novelty. For the first time, this article organises and systematises examples of modern Ukrainian design with Ukrainian identity, which is transmitted through the appeal to the Ukrainian naive artists’ creativity. In this work, peculiarities are analysed and two basic approaches are identified, such as direct quoting and creation of unique visuality based on the stylisation of the artist’s style. An example of compiling the artistic style of several masters in one project is demonstrated, and the greater effectiveness of this approach compared to direct quotating of recognisable images created by artists are pictured. As a result, the methodology and project stages of the designer’s work on the author’s product with a Ukrainian identity based on the rethinking of the naive art heritage are defined. Conclusions. Over the past 10 years, the heritage of Ukrainian naive art has not only taken its place as a full-fledged component of the Ukrainian art formation, but has also become an object of appeal for designers who want to create projects with Ukrainian identity. In the course of this study, it is found out that for this purpose designers should turn to the work of those naive artists who lived in the rural area and reproduced the traditional way of life and culture in their paintings; whose works are as authentic as possible, childishly direct, but at the same time decorative, figurative and which provide a basis for stylisation by modern specialists; are publicly known. When addressing little-known naive artists, new project must be accompanied by a communication campaign about a certain naive artist. The most relevant approach is to refer to the naive artists’ creativity not by direct quoting their works or fragments, but only by studying their methods and creating a unique authorial image based on the synthesis of different artists’ techniques. This will definitely avoid, firstly, controversial issues with copyright and intellectual property, and secondly, with similarity to already created projects.