bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Spectral Reflectance Indices as Proxy Phenotypes for Genome‐Wide Association Studies of Yield and Yield Stability in Pacific Northwest Winter Wheat
Authors: Gizaw Shiferaw A. , Godoy Jayfred Gaham V. , Garland‐Campbell Kimberly , Carter Arron H.
Published: March 2018

Spectral reflectance technology has recently opened up new possibilities to characterize traits that are resource intensive or difficult to measure directly in large germplasm collections. We have previously reported various spectral reflectance indices that have selectable genetic variations, strong associations with yield, and moderate to high efficiency of indirect selection in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) adapted to the US Pacific Northwest. The objective of this study was to identify genomic regions of agronomic importance by using these indices as surrogates in genome‐wide association studies. Yield plots were evaluated for agronomic traits, canopy spectral reflectance, and canopy temperature under rainfed and irrigated conditions for 3 yr (2012–2014). Eight spectral reflectance indices were used for the association mapping study: green normalized difference vegetation index, normalized chlorophyll‐pigment ratio index, normalized difference vegetation index, normalized water index, plant nitrogen content index, photochemical reflectance index, simple ratio index, and xanthophyll epoxidation state. Marker‐based population structure explained 8 to 20% of phenotypic variation in these indices. Association mapping was conducted using 3653 single‐nucleotide polymorphism markers, two population subgroups, and reduced kinship matrices. We identified 80 quantitative trait loci for these indices across 16 chromosomes, most of which showed significant pleiotropic effect and positional proximity to grain yield, grain number per spike, thousand‐kernel weight, volume weight, plant height, and heading date. The study demonstrated the impending possibility of using canopy spectral reflectance in identifying novel and previously known loci that contribute to yield and yield stability under variable environments.
Predicting Field‐Apparent Nitrogen Mineralization from Anaerobically Incubated Nitrogen
Authors: Reussi Calvo Nahuel Ignacio , Wyngaard Nicolás , Orcellet Juan , Sainz Rozas Hernán Rene , Echeverría Hernán Eduardo
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas

Study aimed to predict field N mineralization (Nmin) from anaerobically incubated N (Nan).

Nandid not predict Nminin areas with contrasting edaphic‐climatic properties.

Nminwas predicted by a model including Nan, temperature and rainfall.

The nitrogen (N) released after a 7‐d anaerobic incubation (Nan) is a good estimator of the size of the soil N mineralizable pool. However, there is a lack of information on how soil properties and climate affect the apparent field N mineralization (Nmin) of this pool. The objective of our study was to develop and validate a simple model to estimate Nminfrom Nanin corn (Zea maysL.) and wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) fields. To this end, we performed 100 field experiments where we measured Nmin, Nan, rainfall, temperature (TC), soil texture, pH, soil organic matter (SOM), and pre‐sowing mineral N concentration (Ninitial). We performed a stepwise analysis to develop a model to predict Nminusing data from 70 sites, while the rest of the data was saved for model validation. The Nanranged from 16 to 94 mg kg–1while Nminranged from 22 to 232 kg ha–1. There was a strong association between Nanand Nminwithin regions with similar climate and edaphic properties. However, we could not fit a single significant model to estimate Nminbased solely on Nanto be used in all regions. By considering other variables besides Nan, we developed a model that allowed predicting Nminindependently from the site [Nmin= –252 + 12.3(TC) + 1.37(Nan) + 0.27(rainfall)] (R2= 0.89, model validationR2= 0.83). This model could be useful to adjust N fertilizer recommendations for corn and wheat, reducing the economic and environmental impact of fertilization.
Response of Soil Carbon Fractions and Dryland Maize Yield to Mulching
Authors: Wang Jun , Fu Xin , Zhao Fazhu , Sainju Upendra M.
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas

Root growth due to mulching may enhance soil C fractions and maize yield.

Straw and plastic film mulching effect on soil C fractions and maize yield studied.

Plastic film mulching increased maize yield, but reduced soil C fractions.

Straw mulching enhanced C fractions and maize yield compared with no mulching.

Straw mulching can increase C sequestration, soil health, and dryland maize yield.

Stimulation of root growth from mulching may enhance soil C fractions under maize (Zea mays L.). We studied the 5‐yr straw (SM) and plastic film (PM) mulching effect on soil C fractions and maize yield compared with no mulching (CK) in the Loess Plateau of China. Soil samples collected from 0‐ to 10‐ and 10‐ to 20‐cm depths after maize harvest in the fall, 2011 to 2015, were analyzed for soil organic C (SOC), particulate organic C (POC), potential C mineralization (PCM), and microbial biomass C (MBC). At both depths, all C fractions were 7 to 35% greater with SM than PM and CK. At 0 to 20 cm, SOC increased at 0.87 Mg C ha–1 yr–1 with PM and POC increased at 0.18 and 0.54 Mg C ha–1 yr–1 with SM and PM, respectively, from 2011 to 2015. Maize grain yield and aboveground biomass were 5 to 33% greater with PM and SM than CK. The PCM and MBC at all depths were negatively correlated with maize grain yield, but SOC and POC at 10 to 20 cm were positively correlated with estimated maize root residue returned to the soil. Plastic film mulching increased maize yield, but reduced soil C fractions compared with straw mulching. Because of favorable effect on soil C fractions and maize yield, straw mulching can enhance soil C sequestration by increasing labile and intermediate C fractions and sustain maize yield compared with no mulching under dryland cropping systems.
MEDICINA MODERNA COMO TECNOLOGIA: O processo de institucionalização das práticas de cura no Brasil do século XIX.
Authors: Bueno Juliana Fonseca da Silva Linhares , Pansardi Marcos Vinicius , Das Neves Gomes Mateus
Published: March 2018

O presente artigo visa discutir o desenvolvimento da Medicina Moderna no Brasil do século XIX e os processos institucionalização e monopolização das práticas de cura. O alicerce utilizado para a construção do mesmo está vinculado na percepção crítica da tecnologia, baseada nos pensadores da Escola de Frankfurt e a partir da Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade, ou seja, tratar a medicina como uma tecnologia imbricada em diversos fatores ideológicos e sociais relacionadas à expansão do capitalismo. A base metodológica são os conceitos de simetria e imparcialidade do Programa Forte do Conhecimento, que estuda a sociedade sob os mesmos aspectos, sem privilegiar ou desfavorecer o objeto analisado. A história social, por sua vez, procura entender os fatos históricos a partir de uma visão diferenciada, dando voz à classe marginalizada, construindo, assim, uma narrativa que busca analisar os diversos contextos relacionados a uma temática específica.
Spontaneous Rupture of a Congenital Diaphragmatic Eventration in an Infant
Authors: Borkar Nitinkumar , Meshram Rohit , Jindal Atul , Kashyap Nitin , Mohanty Debajyoti
Published: March 2018

Rupture of eventration of diaphragm is a rare entity that commonly presents as sudden onset respiratory distress. We report a case of a 7-month-old infant with congenital diaphragmatic eventration having spontaneous diaphragmatic rupture which led to secondary diaphragmatic herniation with gastric volvulus. Clinical diagnosis of gastric volvulus was suspected on the basis of imaging and failed entry of nasogastric tube into stomach. Exploratory laparotomy revealed rupture of eventration of diaphragm and gastrothorax with volvulus. Anatomical repair of diaphragmatic perforation followed by diaphragmatic plication resulted in successful outcome in our patient.
Laparoscopic Repair of Congenital Lumbar Hernia in a 4 Week Old Infant
Authors: Khan Faraz A , Islam Saleem
Published: March 2018

Please see Fulltext
AUTOMATIZAÇÃO DOS PROCEDIMENTOS DE AQUISIÇÃO DE DADOS PARA SISTEMA DE CLASSIFICAÇÃO INTELIGENTE DE EQUIPAMENTOS ELÉTRICOS
Authors: Soccol Francisco Junior , Celeste Wanderley Cardoso , Coura Daniel José Custódio , Rocha Hélder Roberto de Oliveira , Rigo Júnior Luís Otávio , Paixão Aloísio Ramos da
Published: March 2018

O conceito Smart Grid, em conjunto com as políticas tarifárias modernas empregadas no Brasil, tem possibilitado o desenvolvimento de diversos sistemas aplicados ao Gerenciamento pelo Lado da Demanda. Entretanto, os resultados encontrados na literatura apresentam condições controladas. Por exemplo, situações que envolvem cargas similares via Monitoramento Não Intrusivo, como apresentado em (PAIXÃO, 2016), que se vale de procedimentos manuais para operar uma plataforma experimental de aquisição de dados, resultando em um banco de dados restrito devido ao tempo de laboratório dedicado à coleta de tais dados. Inserindo-se nesse contexto, como contribuição principal deste artigo, apresenta-se neste artigo o desenvolvimento de um sistema que automatiza os procedimentos experimentais realizados em (PAIXÃO, 2016), proporcionando uma plataforma experimental capaz de gerar, sem a intervenção humana após iniciado o processo de aquisição, conjuntos de dados necessários para o desenvolvimento de sistemas de identificação inteligentes cada vez mais precisos e robustos.
The Growing Role of Electron Microscopy in Anti-parasitic Drug Discovery
Authors: Johnson R.M. , Rawson S. , McPhillie M.J. , Fishwick C.W.G. , Muench S.P.
Published: March 2018

Background:

Parasite diseases are a huge burden on human health causing significant
morbidity and mortality. However, parasite structure based drug discovery programmes
have been hindered by a lack of high resolution structural information from parasite
derived proteins and have often relied upon homology models from mammalian systems.
The recent renaissance in electron microscopy (EM) has caused a dramatic rise in the
number of structures being determined at high resolution and subsequently enabled it to be
thought of as a tool in drug discovery.

Results:

In this review, we discuss the challenges associated with the structural determination
of parasite proteins including the difficulties in obtaining sufficient quantities of protein.
We then discuss the reasons behind the resurgence in EM, how it may overcome some of
these challenges and provide examples of EM derived parasite protein structures. Finally,
we discuss the challenges which EM needs to overcome before it is used as a mainstream
technique in anti-parasite drug discovery.

Conclusions:

This review reports the progress that has been made in obtaining sufficient
quantities of proteins for structural studies and the role EM may play in future structure
based drug design programs. The outlook for future structure based drug design programs
against some of the most devastating parasite diseases looks promising.
Recent Advances for the Synthesis of Selenium-containing Small Molecules as Potent Antitumor Agents
Authors: Miao Qi , Xu Jinyi , Lin Aijun , Wu Xiaoming , Wu Liang , Xie Weijia
Published: March 2018

Selenium-containing small molecules have attracted considerable attention of
chemical and medicinal researchers owing to their various biological activities, such as
antitumor effects, cardiovascular protection, antibacterial or antiviral effects, immunoregulation
and nerve protection, among which the most promising area is antineoplasm.
In the past several decades, different kinds of organoselenium compounds, such as
selenides, seleno(iso)cyanates, substituted selenoureas, selenious esters and Se-containing
heterocycles have been reported as candidates of anti-cancer agents. Current reviews of
Se-containing anticancer compounds mainly concerned about the investigation of their
bioactivities, whereas, few attention has been addressed on their synthetic approaches.
Herein, we summarized methodologies recently developed to synthesize organoselenium
compounds with potent antineoplastic properties, which would be helpful for further design
and synthesis of new bioactive Se-containing molecules with diverse structural features.
Multicomponent Reactions in the Synthesis of Complex Fused Coumarin Derivatives
Authors: da Silveira Pinto Ligia S. , Couri Mara R.C. , de Souza Marcus V.N.
Published: March 2018

Background:

Coumarin is an important class of natural products with applications in different areas
of knowledge. Due to its importance, several methodologies and strategies have been developed for the synthesis
of different classes of compounds containing this nucleus.

Objective:

The aim of this review is to cover in the last five years the complex fused coumarin derivatives synthesized
in one-pot three-component reactions.

Conclusion:

Considering that multicomponent reactions are a powerful tool to produce simple and complex
compounds in one or few steps with high selectivity and yields while following the green chemistry principles.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of Thiamine Complexes
Authors: Khurshid Sumaira , Shah Shazia , Qurrat-ul-Ain  , Arshia  , Maqsood Zahida T. , Tauseef Saima , Khan Khalid Mohammed
Published: March 2018

Background: Thiamine hydrochloride is a vital nutrient for development, growth and
variety of other body functions. It is also used as a co-factor for several enzymatic reactions. An
early study showed that thiamine can form ionic salt with metals such as [Th]2+[MX4]2-,
[Th]2+([MX3]-)2, or [Th+]2[MX4]2- (M = Zn2+ Co2+, Ni2+ when X = Cl-, Br- and Th = thiamine).

Methods: In this study, thiamine hydrochloride reacts with iron (II), zinc (II) and cobalt (II) to form
[Fe6L2(NH3)12(H2O)12](SO4)6.10H2O, [Zn3L(H2O)6Cl3]Cl3 and [Co3L(H2O)6Cl3]Cl3 complexes,
respectively. Antimicrobial activity was carried out by agar well diffusion method.

Results: Structures of these complexes were characterized by different methods like IR, EIMS and
CHN analysis. The ligand and their complexes were screened for antimicrobial activities. The
maximum antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacterial strains (C. xerosis 23 mm, S. aureus,
and S. saprophyticus, 22 mm) was observed by Th-Zn complex. The highest antibacterial
activity against Gram negative bacterial strains was observed as follows: Th-Zn complex (25 mm,
S. dysenteriae), Th-Co complex (20 mm, S. paratyphi B and vibrio) and Th-Fe complex (20 mm,
E. aerogene). All complexes were found to be inactive against A. flavus, A. niger. C. tropicalis,
Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp., and S. cerevisiae fungal strains, while Th-Fe and Th-Co complexes
showed very weak activity against C. albican (4mm).

Conclusion: In synthetic compounds, Th-Zn complex is responsible for good antibacterial activity
against Gram positive bacterial strains. However, Th-Zn, Th-Co, and Th-Fe complexes are suitable
for Gram negative strains. All compounds showed no activity against tested fungal strains. Consequently,
these complexes might have good potential for further studies as antiobiotics.
Arylsulfonylhydrazone Induced Apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Fernandes Thais Batista , de Azevedo Ricardo Alexandre , Yang Rosania , Teixeira Sarah Fernandes , Goulart Trossini Gustavo Henrique , Marzagao Barbuto Jose Alexandre , Ferreira Adilson Kleber , Parise-Filho Roberto
Published: March 2018

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women. Chemotherapy is
necessary for treating metastatic disease and represents an important therapeutic approach, although
antineoplastic drugs have high toxicity and may be limited by the development of drug resistance.
These problems impose an urgent need to discover new anticancer agents and, so, arylsulfonylhydrazone
analogues were designed, synthesized, and evaluated with regard to their cytotoxic activity
against breast cancer cells in order to identify novel potential antitumor agents.

Methods: Synthesis was performed as previously described by Fernandes and co-workers. Cytotoxicity
of sulfonylhydrazones against MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 and 3T3 cells was evaluated by MTT
method. Apoptotic effects was verified by Annexin-V/PI assay, Hoechst stain and propidium iodide
stain. Molecular modeling was executed using Spartan’10 version 1.1.0. Geometry optimization
was performed by the MMFF, PM6 and Hartree-Fock 3-31G* methods and electronic and lipophilic
properties were computed.

Results: Thirteen analogues were synthesized, which 3f and 4f were cytotoxic against evaluated
breast cancer cells. The most promising compound, 3f, showed IC50 values equal to 104.6 and
142.4 µM for MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, respectively. 3f induced apoptosis, causing phosphatidylserine
externalization, pyknosis, and cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in MDA-MB-231 breast
cancer cells. Furthermore, 3f was selective for tumor cells when compared to 3T3 fibroblasts. Structure-
activity relationship suggests that introduction of a benzodioxol group increased cytotoxicity
and superior lipophilicity may be related to superior activity.

Conclusion: Sulfonylhydrazone analogues presented good activity against breast cancer cells by
inducing apoptosis and might be a promising scaffold to further molecular modifications persuing
more effective antitumoral agents.
Double Line Clustering based Colour Image Segmentation Technique for Plant Disease Detection
Authors: Subramani Kalaivani , Periyasamy Shantharajah , Theagarajan Padma
Published: March 2018

Background:

Agriculture is one of the most essential industry that fullfills people’s
need and also plays an important role in economic evolution of the nation. However, there is a gap
between the agriculture sector and the technological industry and the agriculture plants are mostly
affected by diseases, such as the bacterial, fungus and viral diseases that lead to loss in crop yield.
The affected parts of the plants need to be identified at the beginning stage to eliminate the huge
loss in productivity.

Methods:

In the present scenario, crop cultivation system depend on the farmers experience and
the man power, but it consumes more time and increases error rate. To overcome this issue, the
proposed system introduces the Double Line Clustering technique based disease identification system
using the image processing and data mining methods. The introduced method analyze the Anthracnose,
blight disease in grapes, tomato and cucumber. The leaf images are captured and the noise
has been removed by non-local median filter and the segmentation is done by double line clustering
method. The segmented part compared with diseased leaf using pattern matching algorithm.

Methods:

In the present scenario, crop cultivation system depend on the farmers experience and
the man power, but it consumes more time and increases error rate. To overcome this issue, the
proposed system introduces the Double Line Clustering technique based disease identification system
using the image processing and data mining methods. The introduced method analyze the Anthracnose,
blight disease in grapes, tomato and cucumber. The leaf images are captured and the noise
has been removed by non-local median filter and the segmentation is done by double line clustering
method. The segmented part compared with diseased leaf using pattern matching algorithm.

Conclusion:

The result of the clustering algorithm achieved high accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.
The feature extraction is applied after the clustering process which produces minimum error rate.
Ionospheric Response to the Space Weather Events of 4-10 September 2017: First Chilean Observations
Authors: Bravo Manuel , Villalobos Carlos , Leiva Rodrigo , Tamblay Luis , Vega-Jorquera Pedro , Ovalle Elías , Foppiano Alberto
Published: March 2018

Objective:

The diurnal variations of several ionospheric characteristics during the Space Weather Events of 4-10 September 2017, for Chilean latitudes, will be reported.

Materials and Methods:

Observations were made using a recently installed ionosonde at the Universidad de La Serena field station (29°52'S; 71°15’W). Also, reported is the total electron content determined using the upgraded Chilean network of dual-frequency Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receivers.

Results:

Sudden ionospheric disturbances are described in terms of the minimum reflection frequency determined from ionosonde records. An attempt to derive the extent of the effect on high frequency propagation paths in the region is made using simultaneous ionosonde observations at other locations.

The geomagnetic storm ionospheric effects are discussed in detail using the observed diurnal variation of maximum electron concentration (NmF2), virtual height of the F-region (h’F/F2) and Total Electron Content (TEC). These are complemented with the time-latitude variation of TEC for the 70°W meridian.

Conclusion:

It is found that large increases of NmF2, h’F/F2 and TEC observed during 8 September 2017 storm are well described in terms of the evolution of the Equatorial Ionospheric Anomaly (EIA) over the same time interval. Known physical mechanisms are suggested to explain most of the observations.
Using Low Temperature, Cost-effective and Green Methods to Carbon Nanohorn Synthesis
Authors: Hasani Ali
Published: March 2018

Background:

Laser ablation method has high-yield and pure SWCNHs. On the other hand,
arc discharge methods have low-cost production of SWCNHs. However, these techniques have more
desirable features, they need special expertness to use high power laser or high current discharge that
either of them produces very high temperature. As for the researches, the temperatures of these techniques
are higher than 4727°C to vaporize the graphite. So, to become aware of the advantages of
SWCNHs, it is necessary to find a new way to synthesize SWCNHs at a lower temperature. In other
words, reaction field can be expandable at a moderate temperature. This paper reports a new way to
synthesize SWCNHs at an extremely reduced temperature.

Methods:

According to this study, the role of N2 is the protection of the copper holder supporting the
graphite rod by increasing heat transfer from the holder. After the current of 70 A was supplied to the
system, the temperature of graphite rod was raised to 1600°C. It is obvious that this temperature is
somehow higher than the melting point of palladium, 1555°C, and much lower than graphite melting
point, 3497°C.

Results:

Based on the results, there are transitional precursors simultaneous with the SWCNHs. This
composition can be created by distortion of the primary SWCNTs at the higher temperature. Subsequently,
each SWCNTs have a tendency to be broken into individual horns. With increasing the concentration
of the free horns, bud-like SWCNHs can be produced. Moreover, there are individual horns almost
separated from the mass of single wall carbon nanohorns. This structure is not common in
SWCNHs synthesized by the usual method such as arc discharge or laser ablation. Through these regular
techniques, SWCNHs are synthesized as cumulative particles with diameters about 30-150 nm.

Conclusion:

A simple heating is needed for SWCNTs transformation to SWCNHs with the presence of
palladium as catalyst. The well-thought-out mechanism for this transformation is that SWCNTs were
initially changed to highly curled shape, and after that were formed into small independent horns. The
other rout to synthesize SWCNHs is the pyrolysis of palm olein at 950°C with the assistance of zinc nitrate
and ferrocene. Palm olein was used as a promising, bio-renewable and inexpensive carbon source
for the production of carbon nanohorns.
Co-designing interventions within quality improvement initiatives: Notes from the field
Authors: Green Stuart A , Carnegie Wendy , Barber Susan , Matthew Dionne , Matthews Rachel
Published: March 2018

Increasingly, quality improvement programmes are developed with an explicit mandate to involve patients, carers, and members of the public. A quality improvement and research programme in Northwest London has nearly a decade of experience in this field. This article provides an overview of how improvement initiatives supported by the programme have involved patients in the co-design of interventions within various clinical settings. Reflections on some of the challenges and facilitators are offered. Extending roles for patients beyond co-designing interventions to involving them in implementation offers new levels of engagement and transparency.
Power Up: Patient and public involvement in developing a shared decision-making app for mental health
Authors: Edridge Chloe E , Edbrooke-Childs Julian , Martin Kate , Delane Louise , Averill Phoebe , Feltham Amy , Rees Jessica , Jeremy Grace , Chapmen Louise , Craven Michael , Wolpert Miranda
Published: March 2018

oung people as active partners in the design of interventions is increasingly considered an integral part of research. In this project, young people were co-designers in a digital intervention for shared decision-making in mental health services. They were involved in three ways: governance of the project; needs and environment analysis; and detailed input into the development of the intervention. From the outset, the project model was intended to be cyclical, allowing for it to be built into the project plan and to identify and implement seven key themes of change.
Photography-based mobile assessment of alcohol use in young adults: Feasibility and comparison to standard assessment methodology (Preprint)
Authors: Fazzino Tera L , Martin Corby , Forbush Kelsie
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Heavy alcohol use is prevalent among young adults and may contribute to obesity. However, measurement tools for assessing caloric intake from alcohol are limited and rely on self-report, which is prone to biases.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of the pilot study was to conduct feasibility testing of SmartIntake®, a photo-based smartphone app, to assess alcohol use among young adults. Aims consisted of 1) quantifying the ability of SmartIntake® to capture drinking behavior; 2) assessing app usability with the Computer System Usability Questionnaire (CSUQ); 3) conducting a qualitative interview; and 4) comparing preference, compliance, and alcohol use estimates (calories, grams per drinking episode) between SmartIntake® and online diet recalls that participants completed for a parent study.

METHODS

College students (N=15) who endorsed a pattern of heavy drinking were recruited from a larger study examining the impact of drinking on weight. Participants used SmartIntake® to send photographs of all alcohol and food intake over a three-day period, and then completed a follow up interview and the CSUQ. CSUQ items range from 1-7, with lower scores indicating greater usability. Total number of drinking occasions was determined by adding the number of drinking occasions captured by SmartIntake® plus the number of drinking occasions participants reported that they missed capturing. Compliance was defined by the number of days participants provided food/beverage photo data through the app, or the number of diet recalls completed.

RESULTS

The SmartIntake® app captured 13 of 15 (87%) drinking occasions. Participants rated the app as highly usable in the CSUQ (M= 2.28). Most participants (93%) preferred using SmartIntake® vs. recalls and compliance was significantly higher with SmartIntake® than recalls (93% vs 78%; P= .04). Alcohol grams and calories per drinking occasion were not significantly different between the two methods (P values range .25-.99); however triple the number of participants submitted alcohol reports with SmartIntake® compared to the diet recalls (SmartIntake® 9/15 vs recalls 3/15; P=.06).

CONCLUSIONS

SmartIntake® was well accepted by college students who drink heavily and captured most drinking occasions. Participants had higher compliance with SmartIntake® compared to diet recalls and triple the number of participants reported alcohol use with SmartIntake®, suggesting this method may be well suited to assessing alcohol use in young adults.
Factors Affecting Patient Portal Use Among Low-Income Pregnant Women: Mixed-Methods Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kim Juhee , Mathews Holly , Cortright Lindsay M , Zeng Xiaoming , Newton Edward
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

Patient portals offer patients personalized and secure Web access to their medical information and enable patients to manage their health care online. However, there is a lack of information about patient acceptance and use of patient portals among low-income pregnant women.

OBJECTIVE

This formative research aims to assess the potential of a patient portal, MyChart, for improving prenatal health care and pregnancy outcomes, and identify the barriers and facilitators of MyChart use among low-income pregnant women.

METHODS

A mixed-methods study was conducted with a convenience sample of 18 low-income pregnant women comprising low- and high-risk patients enrolled in a prenatal clinic in eastern North Carolina. MyChart use, patient demographics, and pregnancy information were collected by reviewing electronic medical charts. Health literacy was measured. Reported use and attitudes toward MyChart were collected using a semi-structured interview.

RESULTS

Although 39% (7/18) of participants interviewed signed up for MyChart, only 22% (4/18) of them became active users. Another 33% (6/18) had never heard of MyChart or was unsure of how to access it. Users primarily accessed test results and appointment schedules. The main facilitating factors for patient portal use were information and motivation from health care providers and concerns about pregnancy due to a history of miscarriage. Reported barriers were lack of educational resources, lack of care provider encouragement, and technical difficulties possibly exacerbated by low health literacy. Participants also suggested improvements for MyChart, especially the provision of discussion-based support for pregnant women.

CONCLUSIONS

The one-time verbal introduction of MyChart does not meet current patients’ needs. Data reveal the need for more consistent patient education and support programs, tailored to patients’ previous pregnancy histories. The clinic also needs to facilitate better provider-patient communication about the importance of MyChart use.
Potensi Lactobacillus plantarum yang Diisolasi dari Dadih dalam Meningkatkan Kadar Folat Susu Fermentasi
Authors: Purwandhani Siti Nur , Utami Tyas , Millati Ria , Rahayu Endang Sutriswati
Published: March 2018

Folate is a B vitamin that participates in one-carbon transfer reactions of metabolism process, particularly purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis (DNA and RNA). Some strains of lactic acid bacteria are known to produce folic acid through the conversion of guanosine tri phosphate and the presence of precursor p-amino benzoic acid and glutamic acid. In this study, skim milk was fermented using Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13, G-3, and H-1 to increase the levels of folate. Fermentation was conducted at 37 °C for 18 hours. The aims of this study were to investigate the population of  L. plantarum during fermentation period, the change in pH and the levels of folate in fermented milk. The results showed that during the fermentation period using L. plantarum G-3, H-1, and Dad-13 cell count increased from 107 to 108 for G-3 and H-1, while Dad-13 into 109. The pH value decreased and the levels of folic acid in early fermentation increased rapidly but after approaching the end of fermentation, it began to stagnate. The folate level of skim milk was 23.70 ± 3.25 µg/L. Increased levels of folate in fermented milk after 18 hours fermentation using L. plantarum Dad-13, G-3, and H-1 were 32.04 ± 1.85 µg/L (135.19%), 28.21 ± 0.28 µg/L (118.99%), and 25.13 ± 1.27 µg/L (106.03%), respectively.ABSTRAKFolat merupakan vitamin B yang berpartisipasi dalam reaksi transfer satu-karbon dalam proses metabolisme, terutama biosintesis purin dan pirimidin (DNA dan RNA). Beberapa strain bakteri asam laktat diketahui mampu memproduksi asam folat melalui konversi guanosin tri pospat dan dengan adanya prekursor p-amino benzoat serta asam glutamat. Pada penelitian ini, susu skim difermentasi menggunakan Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13, G-3, dan H-1 untuk meningkatkan kadar asam folatnya. Fermentasi dilakukan pada 37 °C selama 18 jam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola pertumbuhan sel, perubahan pH, dan kadar asam folat susu selama fermentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama fermentasi menggunakan L. plantarum Dad-13, G-3, dan H-1 jumlah sel meningkat dari 107 menjadi 108 untuk G-3 dan H-1, sedangkan Dad-13 menjadi 109. Nilai pH mengalami penurunan dan kadar asam folat pada awal fermentasi meningkat dengan cepat tapi setelah mendekati akhir fermentasi mulai stagnan. Kadar asam folat susu skim adalah 23,70 ± 3,25 µg/L. Dibandingkan dengan kadar asam folat susu skim, peningkatan kadar folat susu fermentasi setelah 18 jam fermentasi dengan starter L. plantarum Dad-13, G-3, dan H-1 secara berturut-turut 32,04 ± 1,85 µg/L (135,19%), 28,21 ± 0,28 µg/L (118,99%), dan 25,13 ± 1,27 µg/L (106,03%).
Penentuan Saluran Pemasaran terhadap Tingkat Harga pada Rantai Pasok Kedelai (Glycine maxL.) Merr.) di Kabupaten Grobogan Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Kristanti Novita Erma , Almuntaha Iqbal Saimima
Published: March 2018

This research aimed to measure price elasticity of demand soybean with the activity of supply and demand; measuring the concentration ratio (Cr) on a tier that has soybean activities trade system and provides review of marketing channels are considered the most efficient with effective demand in related supply chain. The method of data collection with the technique of convenience sampling and snowball sampling. Methods of sampling was done through indepth interview in supply chain. By calculating its price transmission elasticity on the soybean marketing channels, the ratio of concentration in tier collectors and traders. The result of the calculation of the price transmission elasticity values obtained the highest value on channel 4 with the marketing value 2,509. The average ratio of the concentration of the middleman 0,8501, and tier 0,94554 merchant. So these values indicate that the most efficient marketing channel with an effective demand is marketing channel 4 is composed of farmers, farmers group, and tofu/tempeh industries. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan penentuan perilaku pasar terhadap tingkat harga kedelai di wilayah Grobogan. Dalam penentuan perilaku pasar tersebut perlu diketahui nilai tingkat harga dengan perhitungan elastisitas permintaan terkait harga dengan aktivitas supply dan demand kedelai; mengukur nilai konsentrasi rasio (Kr) pada tier yang memiliki aktivitas tata niaga kedelai yang paling sering; dan memberikan ulasan saluran pemasaran yang dinilai paling efisien dengan permintaan yang efektif terkait rantai pasok. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik convinience sampling dan snowball sampling melalui indepth interview kepada pelaku rantai pasok (supply chain) dan dinas terkait. Dengan menghitung nilai elastisitas transmisi harga (Et) pada saluran pemasaran kedelai, rasio konsentrasi pada tier pengepul dan pedagang, nilai elastisitas transmisi harga diperoleh nilai tertinggi pada saluran pemasaran 4 dengan nilai 2,509. Konsentrasi rasio rata-rata pengepul 0,8501, dan tier pedagang 0,94554. Nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perilaku pasar yang paling efektif menggunakan saluran pemasaran yang paling efisien dengan permintaan yang efektif yaitu saluran pemasaran 4 yang terdiri dari petani, kelompok tani, dan pengrajin tahu/tempe.
José Martí, observador y creador de realidades: ideas precursoras del paradigma emergente
Authors: Medina Bejarano Roberto , Alomía Riascos Miguel Ángel
Published: March 2018

El presente artículo tiene como propósito establecer una relación entre el pensamiento pedagógico de José Martí con algunos de los planteamientos que desde el paradigma de la complejidad, especialmente desde la biopedagogía, soportan las investigaciones pedagógicas contemporáneas que se inscriben también en los conceptos de ecoeducacíon y armonización educativa.
STUDI EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN SOFTWARE BAJAKAN DI KALANGAN MAHASISWA FTK UIN AR-RANIRY
Authors: Abdul Majid Basrul , Vivianie Sari , Yusuf Bustami
Published: March 2018

The use of pirated computer software among univetrsityâ€™s students today is very vulnerable. This is due to two factors, namely; 1) the lack of awareness of the students from type of software they use, 2) and also the lack of understanding of the students about halal-haram in using pirated software. In this study, the authors intends to know the awareness and understanding of computer users, especially among students of pirated software both in terms of impact, legal, or risk from the use of pirated software. The study involved 200 students of the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teacher Training of Ar-raniry State Islamic University of Banda Aceh, as selected by random. The results of this study showed 36% of students do not understand about pirated software and almost 65% of students are not aware of the risks caused by the use of pirated software and the legal dangers of the use of pirated software. In addition 62% of students currently using pirated software want to switch to using original software or opensource software.
Funcionários administrativos: um balanço crítico na EB
Authors: Assis Lúcia Maria de
Published: March 2018

O estudo mostra a trajetória política de formação dos funcionáriose técnicos administrativos da educação básica no Brasil, quecompõem o serviço de apoio escolar, até a promulgação das DCN paraa Formação Inicial e Continuada em Nível Superior, de 13 de maiode 2016, e conclui que há uma série de legislações que os incluem nacategoria de profissionais da educação, faltando só formação acadêmicaem nível superior para suas especificidades nas escolas
Educação a domicílio: o mercado bate à sua porta
Authors: Adrião Theresa Maria Freitas , Garcia Teise De Oliveira Guaranha
Published: March 2018

O artigo analisa a relação entre educação domiciliar  (homeschooling  e aulas particulares) e privatização da oferta da educação na etapa obrigatória. Busca identificar essa prática com a tendência de ampliação de políticas de escolha parental que podem aprofundar desigualdades educativas e subordinar a educação básica a interesses privados, para além daqueles expressos nos interesses das famílias. Caracterizamos a atuação do Grupo Pearson, que mantém um setor especificamente voltado para a educação doméstica.
As parcerias público-privadas na educação: cerceando autonomia e gestão democrática
Authors: Rossi Alexandre José , Lumertz Juliana Selau , Pires Daniela De Oliveira
Published: March 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as implicações da parceria público-privada para a gestão democrática da escola pública, a partir da metodologia de análise documental. Para auxiliar na análise, estudamos o modelo de parceria proposto pelo Instituto Ayrton Senna (IAS) junto às secretarias estaduais e municipais de educação do Rio Grande do Sul. Demonstramos que a parceria firmada entre o IAS e as Secretarias de Educação Públicas reduz a autonomia e interfere no processo de consolidação de gestão democrática da escola.
Privatização em educação e formas de mercadoria
Authors: Rikowski Glenn
Published: March 2018

Os trabalhos e pesquisas sobre a privatização da educaçãotêm passado ao largo de seu significado mais importante: o desenvolvimentodo capital através da profunda capitalização da educação.A discussão sobre a privatização educacional geralmente ignora suaimplicação na produção social da força de trabalho. Com base emKarl Marx, esta contribuição leva mais além a crítica à privatizaçãona educação, ao focar nas formas da educação como mercadoria esuas relações com a capitalização dos serviços educacionais. Consequentemente,os pontos de resistência à privatização na educação sãoaguçados para servirem como armas anticapitalistas
Privatização da e na educação: projetos societários em disputa
Authors: Peroni Vera , Scheibe Leda
Published: March 2018

O objetivo deste dossiê é trazer subsídios aos nossos leitores sobre o atualíssimo debate que se refere à transformação da educação em mercadoria, negando cada vez mais seu caráter de direito básico do cidadão. Os textos aqui publicados consistem de análises acerca do avassalador crescimento da privatização da e na educação no Brasil e em outros países, particularmente no que se refere à Educação Básica.
Tomato aspermy virus elimination improves medicinal quality of chrysanthemum
Authors: Zhao Xiting , Jiang Liwei , Liu Ke , Ma Mengdan , Zhou Yingyuan , Tian Ying , Li Mingjun
Published: March 2018

Chrysanthemum morifolium cv. ?Huaihuang?, a medicinal chrysanthemum of China, undergoes long-term asexual reproduction and virus infection that change its quality characteristics. Our previous studies have shown that tomato aspermy virus (TAV) is the main virus infecting ?Huaihuang?. Many studies indicate that plant virus elimination can improve plant growth, but only a few studies have focused on the effects of detoxification on the medicinal components of medicinal plants. In this paper, the content of medicinal components, including chlorogenic acid, luteoloside and 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, was compared between the TAV-free and TAV-infected (control) chrysanthemum. In addition, the reason why TAV elimination improves the medicinal components of chrysanthemum is explored. Our results suggest that TAV elimination significantly improves plant growth, enhances the enzyme activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate-4-hydroxylase and 4-coumarate:CoA ligase, and increases the levels of CmHCT and CmCHS expression, thereby greatly improving the medicinal quality of chrysanthemum.
Should the EMU stop enlarging?
Authors: Broz Tanja
Published: March 2018

The aim of this research is to assess what would happen with the business cycle synchronization in the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), if all new EU member states introduced the euro. In addition, the paper aims to explore how business cycle correlations have evolved over time. The assumption is that, if business cycles in the EMU members are not correlated and the state of integration remains as it is, the ECB?s one-size-fits-all policy will require members to follow policies which are politically difficult to implement. Hence, we are analyzing whether the EMU should stop accepting new entrants in order to stop deteriorating mutual business cycle correlation. Results based on correlations of shocks between the EMU and individual countries and their sizes show that correlation of supply shocks would remain relatively high if all members introduced the euro, but low correlation of demand shocks, different sizes of shocks and transmission of shocks still remain as significant problems.
The Total Therapeutic Context: The Craft of Gestalt Therapy: Theory and Practice
Authors: MULLER BERTRAM
Published: March 2018

The specific self-definition of the Gestalt therapist is developed through the discussion of topics such as the special handling of the therapeutic situation, transference, the relation between therapy and practical action, and the importance of the current experience is contrasted with therapeutic explanation. The author pleads for a responsible discussion of the theoretical concepts of Perls, Goodman, and others and argues that one should view therapy as a direct, vivid encounter rather than "scientific handicraft." A critique of psychoanalytic technique substantiates the claim of Gestalt therapy that it is a historically grounded and necessary corrective to the understanding of how the healing elements are applied in a therapeutic situation. The work of Otto Rank is discussed as an important foundation of Gestalt therapy which has not received adequate recognition.
FAKTOR PENYEBAB TERDORONGNYA WANITA PERNAH MENIKAH DAN SUDAH MENIKAH MELAKUKAN KEJAHATAN
Authors: Frinaldi Aldri
Published: March 2018

This research aimed to reveal the factors that motived the married women and whoever has ever married to do the crime. This research used qualitative approach and descriptive method by describing the facts and investigating phenomenon systematically. The finding of this research indicated that behavior of married women and women who has ever married tended to change and differ from those they had when they were not yet married. The changes of this behavior was generally encouraged by economic motive. Key words: crime, married women, economic motive
FENOMENA KEKERASAN TERHADAP PEREMPUAN DI DALAM RUMAH TANGGA (Pandangan Mubalig)
Authors: Fatmariza Fatmariza
Published: March 2018

This study aimed to describe the views of the Mubalig of the phenomenon of violence against women in the household (KDRT). Violence against women in the household is often justified because society is understood as being legitimized in the understanding of religion as they learn from the preachers. Bias in understanding, interpreting, and conveying religious teachings to the people—especially with regards to the issue of violence against women in the household—causes the growing injustices against women. Conversely, if there is no bias in understanding, interpreting, and conveying religious teachings by preachers, it will be possible to minimize violence against women in the household.Key words: violence against women, Mubalig, biased religious teachings
UPAYA PENERAPAN NILAI-NILAI ADAT DAN SYARAK DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PEMERINTAHAN NAGARI
Authors: Kosasih Ahmad
Published: March 2018

AbstractMinangkabau nagari (local state resembling village) serve as the lowest level of administration in the Indonesian government as well as the basis for the implementationand preservation of traditional values based on Islamic sharia. Nagari is not only led byWali Nagari as the formal leader but also balanced by Tungku Tigo Sajarangan—a termfor three leaders in the society; Niniak Mamak, Alim Ulama, and Cadiak Pandai—andBundo Kanduang as the social leader. Each element has to cooperate and contributeaccording to their tasks to achieve the goal of wealthy, prosperous, secure, and peacefulNagari community. Those functions will work well if each leader understands,comprehends, and implements the cultural and religious values as mentioned inMinangkabau catchphrase “Adat Basandi Syarak, Syarak Basandi Kitabullah.” Key words: Nagari, Tungku Tigo Sajarangan, Bundo Kanduang, culture, Syarak AbstrakNagari di Minangkabau selain berfungsi sebagai pusat pemerintahan terendah dalam wilayah Republik Idonesia juga merupakan basis penanaman dan pelestariannilai-nilai adat dan  syarak. Kepemimpinan Nagari tidak hanya dilaksanakan oleh WaliNagari dan perangkat-peangkatnya sebagai pimpinan formal tapi juga oleh forum TigoTungku Sajarangan (Niniak Mamak, Alim Ulama dan Cadiak Pandai) ditambah denganunsur-unsur Bundo Kanduang sebagai pimpinan sosial. Masing-masing unsur harussaling bekerjasama dan bahu membahu sesuai fungsinya untuk mewujudkan cita-citamenuju kehidupan masyarakat Nagari yang makmur, sejahtera, aman, damai dansentosa. Fungsi-fungsi tersebut akan dapat berjalan dengan baik dan lancar apabilamasing-masing unsur memahami, menghayati dan mengamalkan nilai-nilai adat dansyari’at Islam seperti tertuang dalam ungkapan “Adat Basandi Syarak- Syarak BasandiKitabullah.  Kata kunci: Nagari, Tungku Tigo Sajarangan, Bundo Kanduang, Adat, Syarak