bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Objectification of Modern Media: ELITE
Authors: Kim Dione , Nunn Tessa
Published: March 2023

Modern media has been acclaimed as one of the most influential ways to get across various messages to its viewers. With the continuous evolution of technology, popular media has become widespread, shining light on important issues. Although this evolution has been accompanied by many changes, stereotypes regarding women have remained constant. Many shows and series have tried to challenge traditional gender roles, such as an “independent” female protagonist in a traditionally “male” industry or a male character exhibiting many “feminine” traits. Although these depictions are a departure from traditional concepts of gender, most modern shows fail to meaningfully develop and showcase their portrayal of different genders. ELITE, a popular series on Netflix, is one show that continues to showcase numerous examples of gender stereotypes. Officially launched on Netflix on October 5th of 2018, the first season of this Spanish show has been viewed by no fewer than 20,000,000 viewers. ELITE centers around three working-class teenagers struggling to survive in a prestigious school in Spain, a poignant critique of classism pervading the campus. At the same time, signs of different types of objectification are specifically directed towards female characters. In order to explore the ways this show objectifies women, I analyzed how the characters’ actions, along with different film techniques, clearly show objectification throughout the film. How does the Netflix show, ELITE, objectify women and girls and rely on stereotypes? How does the objectification in the series reinforce sexist behaviors among its viewers?
ASSESSMENT OF SELF-FERTILITY OF BLUEBERRY VARIETIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF BELARUS
Authors: DROZD O. V.
Published: March 2023

The results of a three-year study of the self-fertility of 15 varieties of highbush blueberry and one variety of lowbush blueberry are presented. The fruiting indicators (berry setting, average berry weight, average number of seeds per berry) in case of most self-pollinating highbush blueberry varieties, as a rule, are lower than with natural cross-pollination. In accordance with the average indicators of fruit set during self-pollination of flowers, blueberry varieties are ranked into five groups corresponding to the degree of self-fertility. The Spartan, Toro and Sunrise highbush blueberry varieties have a high degree of self-fertility, the best of which in terms of fruiting parameters are Spartan and Toro. Good indicators of selffertility under conditions of self-pollination were demonstrated by the Nui variety. Most of the studied blueberry varieties are characterized by unstable self-fertility rates. The Bonus and Putte varieties are classified as self-infertile taxa.
MONITORING THE PRESENCE OF SYSTEMIC PATHOGENS IN PLANTATIONS OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS IN AZERBAIJAN
Authors: KURBANOV I. S. , ABDULLAEV E. , KUKHARCHIK N. V. , KASTRITSKAYA M. S.
Published: March 2023

A visual evaluation of plantations of apple, pear, quince, cherry, sweet cherry, hexaploid plum, diploid plum, apricot,

peach, nectarine, almond, hazelnut, pomegranate, fig, tea, carried out in 2021, made it possible to identify a wide range

of symptoms of viral, phytoplasmic and bacterial infections. Primary diagnosis was carried out in the fruit-bearing and

collection orchards and nurseries of the Absheron, Ganja-Gazakh, Sheki-Zakatal, Lenkoran, Guba-Khachmaz, Aran regions.

It was noted that the symptoms of viral pathogens are present both in age and 3–5-year-old plantations planted with

imported landing material. Symptoms of viral and other systemic diseases were not identified in modern plantings of almonds

in any of the regions, as well as in a few examined plantings of pomegranate, figs, and tea.
THE ANNUAL CYCLE OF DIFFERENTIATION OF THE RUDIMENTS OF PEACH FLOWERS AFTER THE SEVERE WINTER OF 2020-2021
Authors: VASEHA V. V. , MATSVEEU V. A. , BARYSENKA M. M. , CHARNAVOKAYA K. A.
Published: March 2023

The article sets the timeframe for the main phenological stages of peach, as well as the required amount of effective temperatures above +5 °C for their passing and growing season length based on the example of the variety of Belarusian selection Loiko.

The terms of the beginning of an organogenesis of flower rudiments after a severe winter and damage of generative buds,

skeletal branches are outlined. The peculiarities of the differentiation process during the growing season and the required amounts of effective temperatures for each stage of flower organogenesis in the central zone of Belarus are presented.

The data obtained show that in late November the process of differentiation in most generative buds stops at stage VII b

with a well-defined rudiment of the pistil and its clear differentiation into stigma and style. In the case of thawing during the winter, the process of organogenesis does not stop, and in February the development of flower buds in the generative buds

reaches stage VIII with the formation of the ovary and the growth of stamens with anthers of characteristic shape.
Oil Production in Latin America and the Russo-Ukrainian War (Part II)
Authors: Soltész Béla
Published: March 2023

Latin America has almost one-fourth of the world’s oil reserves, although due to the socio-economic collapse of Venezuela, the main producer country, these reserves have been underused for a decade. Other countries, like Mexico and Brazil, are stable producers and exporters, but the ownership of their national oil companies is subject to heated political debates, while the discovery of new oil fields in Guyana might put this tiny country on the list of the biggest producers. This varied landscape of oil reserves and actual production may be changed fundamentally by the Western sanctions that were implemented against Russia as a consequence of its aggression against Ukraine. A quest for new sources of oil might end Venezuela’s isolation and provide lucrative business opportunities for the oil companies that operate in Latin America. However, a new boom of oil production would also raise environmental and social concerns. This analysis focuses on the factors listed above, in order to present the shifts and possible pathways of oil production in Latin America in an economic and political climate shaped by the Russo-Ukrainian war. The first part provides a general introduction and presents the main producer country, Venezuela, while the second part offers an analytical overview of the other key oil producer countries in Latin America.
Strategi Pengembangan Mutu Guru Dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru PAI
Authors: Nazpi Nazpi
Published: March 2023

Kebutuhan akan guru yang berkualitas yang semakin tinggi saat ini harus disikapi secara positif oleh para pengelola pendidikan guru. Respon positif ini haruslah ditunjukkan dengan senantiasa meningkatkan mutu program pendidikan yang ditawarkannya. Perbaikan mutu pendidikan pada jenjang pendidikan tinggi ini jelas akan membawa dampak positif bagi penciptaan guru yang berkualitas kelak di kemudian hari. Pembangunan guru yang berkualitas guna menunjang pembentukan pendidikan bermutu Bila melihat dunia pendidikan secara umum saat ini, dimana mutu pendidikan di Indonesia bisa dikatakan rendah. Namun bila kita telaah lebih jauh mengenai penyebab dari kurangnya mutu pendidikan adalah kurangnya kualitas guru dalam menjalankan tugasnya sebagai seorang guru (kurang profesional) dan juga kurangnya penghargaan terhadap guru. Mewujudkan guru yang bermutu pada dasarnya adalah usaha untuk meningkatkan profesionalisme guru sepajang karirnya. Guru dapat mengembangkan pengetahuan professional sehingga diharapkan guru akan mampu membangun pengetahuannya secara mandiri. Akhirnya diharapkan guru di sekolah akan menjadi kaya dan beragam dengan pengetahuan, pengalaman, dan keterampilan.
Implementasi Kurikulum PAI: Kurikulum Ideal, Aktual dan Kurikulum Tersembunyi di SMKs 6 Pertiwi Curup
Authors: Rasmini Rasmini , Deriwanto Deriwanto
Published: March 2023

Research Objectives To find out the Implementation of Islamic Education Curriculum: Ideal Curriculum, Actual and Hidden Curriculum (Hidden Curiculum) in Schools. SMKs 6 PERTIWI CUUP Field research (Field Research) conducted by the author, using a descriptive qualitative research method that describes and clearly describes things that happen in the field. The ideal curriculum is clearly visible in its form, such as the Learning Objectives Module and Flow (ATP), the implementation of the PAI curriculum is intended to make the curriculum an important part of the development of students. The actual curriculum is a curriculum that is made in accordance with events in the field, the hidden curriculum plays an important role in instilling the values of patriotism, honesty, courtesy and politeness to students. This curriculum is guided by the PANCASILA profile. 1. have faith and fear God Almighty and have good character, 2. critical reasoning, 3 independent, 4. gotong royong, global diversity and 6. creative. because the students themselves are makers of actions, so that children will remember and understand what they have learned better.
KONSEP TENTANG MASYARAKAT; UMMAH SYA'B, KABILAH, WASTH, QISTH ADL
Authors: Putra Roni , Alwizar Alwizar , Hitami Munzir
Published: March 2023

Sebagai makhluk sosial, manusia harus berinteraksi dengan manusia lainnya, dan membutuhkan lingkungan sosial. Ia menginginkan adanya lingkungan sosial yang ramah, peduli, santun, saling menjaga dan menyayangi, bantu membantu, taat pada aturan, tertib, disiplin, menghargai hak-hak asasi manusia dan sebagainya. Lingkungan yang demikian itulah yang memungkinkan ia dapat melakukan berbagai aktivitasnya dengan tenang, tanpa terganggu oleh berbagai hal yang dapat merugikan dirinya. Kata ummah dan sya’b kita temukan dalam Qur’an. Ummah adalah persaudaraan universal yang berdasarkan iman, yang merupakan pengganti yang lebih kuat daripada kesetiaan ikatan darah dan kesukuan bangsa Arab. Pada pengertian ini dinyatakan bahwa wilayah cakupan Ummah sangat luas, jauh melewati batas kesukuan bangsa Arab dan ikatan yang menyatukan Ummah juga lebih kuat daripada yang selama ini dipegang oleh bangsa Arab berupa ikatan darah dan kesukuan, yaitu keimanan. Selanjutnya, kata syu’ub sebagaimana terdapat pada ayat al-Qur’an berarti bangsa, sedangkan qabail lebih khusus lagi dari syu’ub, yaitu suku-suku. Bangsa dan suku termasuk berada dalam masyarakat, atau sebagai unsur dari masyarakat.
EFEITO DO DESCONTO SOCIAL E PREÇO NO CONSUMO SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Dos Santos Batista Amanda , Ribeiro Pimenta Kézia Raiane , De Almeida Fernandes Cristiano , Pedroso Reginaldo
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo tem como objetivo verificar o efeito do desconto social sob o consumo de produtos sustentáveis e não sustentáveis.  Participaram deste estudo 40 universitários do curso de psicologia, e a coleta de dados foi realizada em três etapas com um intervalo de 20 dias entre elas. A atividade consistia em: 1) dividir uma quantia de R$1000,00 (mil reais) entre 8 pessoas de uma lista de 50 pessoas que criaram mentalmente. Essas pessoas eram de número 1, 3, 5, 9, 23, e 50; 2) os participantes tinham que escolher um presente entre um produto sustentável e outro não sustentável, era apresentada uma instrução sinalizando que o presente sustentável agride menos o meio ambiente. Foram utilizados perfume, vinho, celular, livro e camiseta como produtos; e 3) no terceiro questionário foi acrescentado o valor nos produtos, sendo o valor do produto sustentável 30% mais caro do que seu substituto não sustentável para os mesmos produtos e instrução do questionário 2. Os resultados demonstraram que à medida que pessoas se distanciam, menor será o valor dividido com ela, enquanto para a escolha dos produtos, a variável preço teve mais efeito sobre a escolha do que a característica sustentável. Pode-se concluir que, do ponto de vista da análise do comportamento, é necessária uma mudança nas práticas culturais e que produtos sustentáveis tenham preços semelhantes aos seus substitutos não sustentáveis.
Weather Parameter Analysis Using Interpolation Methods
Authors: Gore Ramdas , Gawali Bharti , Pachpatte Deepak
Published: March 2023

One of the key components in minimizing losses has been using rainfall forecasts at various temporal and spatial scales by businesses, governments, and farmers. Forecasts for other atmospheric characteristics are also important for agriculture. To maintain accurate weather forecasts, atmospheric procedures must be understood, measurements must be improved, and research and development must be continued. India’s Ministry of Earth Science has many programs and agencies, such as the India Meteorological Department (IMD), that strive to enhance forecasting. The efforts have culminated in fairly reliable predictions of rainfall patterns. This research aims to enhance prediction accuracy in different geographical areas ranging from weather subdivisions to agro-climate areas. We have used data that were obtained from the IMD, Pune. In the preprocessing technique session, we transformed data from the txt format to the csv format. We have used Matlab software for data analysis. Interpolation techniques have introduced detailed experimental position forecasts for the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The linear interpolation method produces better results than a cubic, nearest neighbor, spline, shape-preserving, and PCHIP interpolation methods. The accuracy of linear interpolation methods is 90.92%. The accuracy of the cubic and PCHIP interpolation techniques is 90.76%, the accuracy of the shape-preserving and spline interpolation methods is 88.93%, and the accuracy of the nearest neighbor is 90.70%. Normal, heavy, and low rainfall are only 30–35%, 20–25%, and 35–40%, respectively. Marathwada region rainfall increased by 40 mm from 2021 to 2020. The annual temperature is 36–37°C in the Marathwada region, due to this Marathwada region falls under drought. So there is a need to change the crop pattern in the Marathwada region like temperature tolerant crops.
Classroom Attendance using Face Detection and Facial Organs
Authors: Dr. Harish S
Published: March 2023

The face is one of the easiest ways to distinguish the individual identity of each other. Face recognition is a personal identification system that uses personal characteristics of a person to identify the person's identity. Human face recognition procedure basically consists of two phases, namely face detection, where this process takes place very rapidly in humans, except under conditions where the object is located at a short distance away, the next is the introduction, which recognize a face as individuals. Stage is then replicated and developed as a model for facial image recognition (face recognition) is one of the much-studied biometrics technology and developed by experts. There are two kinds of methods that are currently popular in developed face recognition pattern namely, Eigenface method and Fisherface method. Facial image recognition Eigenface method is based on the reduction of face-dimensional space using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for facial features. The main purpose of the use of PCA on face recognition using Eigen faces was formed (face space) by finding the eigenvector corresponding to the largest Eigenvalue of the face image. The area of this project face detection system with face recognition is Image processing. The software requirements for this project is matlab software.
Práticas Sociais, Saberes do Campo e o Ensino de Ciências e Matemática
Authors: Gaia Assunção Carlos Alberto , Barbosa da Silva Rayana
Published: March 2023

O texto resulta de uma pesquisa que teve como contexto o sistema alternativo de criação de galinhas em um Projeto de Assentamento (PA) do Movimento de Trabalhadores Sem Terra (MST) Eduardo Galeano. Tem o objetivo de contribuir com o debate acerca da dimensão didático-pedagógica discutindo como as práticas sociais e os saberes dos sujeitos do campo são importantes na construção de abordagens multidisciplinares como alternativa para o ensino de ciências e matemática para escolas do campo. Os procedimentos metodológicos foram embasados em elementos de uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo etnográfica com enfoque exploratório da temática. Para a obtenção de dados foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo sendo utilizado observações e escutas com roteiro de entrevista aberta. O estudo propõe reflexões pedagógicas auxiliar à prática docente, faz indicações didáticas que podem contribuir para entendimentos de organização de atividades escolares na utilização de práticas sociais e saberes do campo no ensino de ciências e matemática em diálogo com a perspectiva da educação do campo.
Organizational life cycles and management control systems design
Authors: van Deun Martijn , Corbey Michael
Published: March 2023

This paper explores the literature relating Organizational Life Cycle theory with Management Control Systems design. During the birth stage, much emphasis is put on cultural controls. In the growth stage, cultural controls remain important, but the degree of formalization increases with cybernetic controls and administrative controls. During the maturity stage, the most bureaucratic phase is reached with many planning and administrative controls. The revival stage shows a renewed focus on cultural controls and a reduction of administrative controls. Not many findings are available that discuss the decline stage. It is argued that each stage represents important challenges for the CFO.
A Review of the Use of R Programming for data Science Research in Botswana
Authors: Ndaba Simisani
Published: March 2023

R is widely used by researchers in the statistics field and academia. In Botswana, it is used in a few research for data analysis. The paper aims to synthesis research conducted in Botswana that has used R programming for data analysis and to demonstrate to data scientists, the R community in Botswana and internationally the gaps and applications in practice in research work using R in the context of Botswana. The paper followed the PRISMA methodology and the articles were taken from information technology databases. The findings show that research conducted in Botswana that use R programming were used in Health Care, Climatology, Conservation and Physical Geography, with R part as the most used R package across the research areas. It was also found that a lot of R packages are used in Health care for genomics, plotting, networking and classification was the common model used across research areas.
Scaling Distributed Database Joins by Decoupling Computation and Communication
Authors: Chakraborty Abhirup
Published: March 2023

To process a large volume of data, modern data management systems use a collection of machines connected through a network. This paper proposes frameworks and algorithms for processing distributed joins—a compute- and communication-intensive workload in modern data-intensive systems. By exploiting multiple processing cores within the individual machines, we implement a system to process database joins that parallelizes computation within each node, pipelines the computation with communication, parallelizes the communication by allowing multiple simultaneous data transfers (send/receive). Our experimental results show that using only four threads per node the framework achieves a 3.5x gains in intra-node performance while compared with a single-threaded counterpart. Moreover, with the join processing workload the cluster-wide performance (and speedup) is observed to be dictated by the intra-node computational loads; this property brings a near-linear speedup with increasing nodes in the system, a feature much desired in modern large-scale data processing system.
Location-based Sentiment Analysis of 2019 Nigeria Presidential Election using a Voting Ensemble Approach
Authors: Onyenwe Ikechukwu , Nwagbo Samuel N.C. Nwagbo , Onyedinma Ebele Onyedinma , Onyenwe Onyedika Ikechukwu-Onyenwe , Nwafor Chidinma A. , Agbata Obinna
Published: March 2023

Nigeria president Buhari defeated his closest rival Atiku Abubakar by over 3 million votes. He was issued a Certificate of Return and was sworn in on 29 May 2019. However, there were claims of widespread hoax by the opposition. The sentiment analysis captures the opinions of the masses over social media for global events. In this paper, we use 2019 Nigeria presidential election tweets to perform sentiment analysis through the application of a voting ensemble approach (VEA) in which the predictions from multiple techniques are combined to find the best polarity of a tweet (sentence). This is to determine public views on the 2019 Nigeria Presidential elections and compare them with actual election results. Our sentiment analysis experiment is focused on location-based viewpoints where we used Twitter location data. For this experiment, we live-streamed Nigeria 2019 election tweets via Twitter API to create tweets dataset of 583816 size, pre-processed the data, and applied VEA by utilizing three different Sentiment Classifiers to obtain the choicest polarity of a given tweet. Furthermore, we segmented our tweets dataset into Nigerian states and geopolitical zones, then plotted state-wise and geopolitical-wise user sentiments towards Buhari and Atiku and their political parties. The overall objective of the use of states/geopolitical zones is to evaluate the similarity between the sentiment of location-based tweets compared to actual election results. The results reveal that whereas there are election outcomes that coincide with the sentiment expressed on Twitter social media in most cases as shown by the polarity scores of different locations, there are also some election results where our location analysis similarity test failed.
Evaluating the Accuracy of a Linear Regression Model in Predicting the Dissolution of Tablets Based on Raman Maps
Authors: Knyihár Gábor , Csorba Kristóf , Charaf Hassan
Published: March 2023

Investigation of the dissolution of tablets is an important area of pharmaceutical research. Such research aims to predict the dissolution process as accurately as possible without destroying the tablets. Several methods have been published that can estimate dissolution with approximate accuracy, but they are primarily complex learning algorithms that are time-consuming and require many samples to train. This article seeks to answer whether these complex models are necessary or whether a similar result can be achieved with the help of more straightforward methods. Therefore, during this work, a simpler linear regression model was created and analysed its effectiveness in estimating the dissolution curves. The investigation concluded that the results are not as accurate as in the case of more complex methods, but the model is more robust and can be used in the case of fewer samples. Thus, by further developing these and combining the methods, we can achieve better results in the future.
May I have your phone number?
Authors: Jamaluddin Jazlan
Published: March 2023

Abstract is not available.
Knowledge of the Malaysian National Immunisation Programme and its associated factors among parents in Dungun, Terengganu: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tengku Md Fauz Tengku Muhammad Fakhruddin , Ma'pol Aminnuddin , Shafei Mohd Nazri
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The number of unvaccinated children and the rate of vaccination refusal among parents have recently increased despite the robust vaccination programme in Malaysia. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of knowledge of the Malaysian National Immunisation Programme among Malaysian parents as well as the variables that contribute to poor knowledge.
Methods: This study used systematic random sampling to recruit 375 parents from seven health clinics in the Dungun District of Malaysia. The participants were asked to complete a self-administered validated questionnaire that included sociodemographic and knowledge questions. A multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to determine the associated factors of poor knowledge of immunisation. P-values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results: A total of 189 (50.4%) respondents had poor knowledge of immunisation. The multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that a low educational level (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.92; 95% CI 1.25–2.95) was associated with poor knowledge while the age-group of 30-40 years old (adjusted OR: 0.56; 95% CI 0.34–0.93) was protected against it as compared to the age-group of <30 years old.
Conclusion: The prevalence of poor knowledge of immunisation among parents in Dungun, Terengganu, is relatively high. The focus of health promotion and education must be switched to increasing immunisation knowledge among the public, particularly among high-risk groups.
Precipitable water vapor retrievals using a ground-based infrared sky camera in subtropical South America
Authors: Hack Elion Daniel , Pauliquevis Theotonio , Barbosa Henrique Melo Jorge , Yamasoe Marcia Akemi , Klebe Dimitri , Correia Alexandre Lima
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Atmospheric precipitable water vapor (PWV) is a critical quantity in fast-changing weather processes. Current retrieval techniques lack the spatial and/or temporal resolution necessary for a full PWV characterization. Here we investigate a retrieval method using an all-sky ground-based camera comprising a 14-bit 644 × 512-pixel microbolometer sensor array. The radiometrically calibrated infrared downwelling spectral radiance, Lλ, was acquired at rates of up to 3 min−1. For the studied site (23.56∘ S, 46.74∘W; 786 m a.s.l.) and spectral interval, Lλ is sensitive to the PWV; the vertical distribution of humidity; and their temporal, spatial, or seasonal variations. By comparing measured and simulated Lλ, we show that the PWV can be retrieved from prior knowledge of the local humidity profile. This information can originate from radiosonde data or statistical analysis of past vertical humidity distributions. Comparison with sun photometer PWV retrievals, for stable atmospheric conditions, showed an agreement of the average PWV within 2.8 % and a precision of subsequent retrievals of 1.9 %. The PWV was also retrieved as a bi-dimensional array, allowing for the investigation of spatial inhomogeneities of humidity distribution. The method can be used for daytime or nighttime retrievals, under partly cloudy sky conditions. Potential applications include studies on convection initiation processes.
A blended TROPOMI+GOSAT satellite data product for atmospheric methane using machine learning to correct retrieval biases
Authors: Balasus Nicholas , Jacob Daniel J. , Lorente Alba , Maasakkers Joannes D. , Parker Robert J. , Boesch Hartmut , Chen Zichong , Kelp Makoto M. , Nesser Hannah , Varon Daniel J.
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Satellite observations of dry column methane mixing ratios (XCH4) from shortwave infrared (SWIR) solar backscatter radiation provide a powerful resource to quantify methane emissions in service of climate action. The TROPOMI instrument launched in October 2017 provides global daily coverage at 5.5 × 7 km2 nadir pixel resolution but its retrievals can suffer from biases associated with SWIR surface albedo, scattering from aerosols and cirrus clouds, and across-track variability (striping). The GOSAT instrument launched in 2009 uses a retrieval method that is less subject to biases, but its data density is 200 times sparser than TROPOMI. Here we present a blended TROPOMI+GOSAT methane product obtained by training a machine learning (ML) model to predict the difference between TROPOMI and GOSAT co-located measurements, using only predictor variables included in the TROPOMI retrieval, and then applying the correction to the complete TROPOMI record from January 2018 to present. We find that the largest corrections are associated with coarse aerosol particles, high SWIR surface albedo, and across-track pixel index. Our blended product corrects a systematic difference between TROPOMI and GOSAT over water, and it features corrections exceeding 10 ppb over arid land, persistently cloudy regions, and high northern latitudes. It reduces the TROPOMI spatially variable bias over land (referenced to GOSAT data) from 14.0 to 10.7 ppb at 0.25° × 0.3125° resolution. Validation with TCCON ground-based column measurements shows reductions in variable bias compared to the original TROPOMI data from 6.0 to 5.2 ppb and in single-retrieval precision from 13.8 to 11.7 ppb. TCCON data are all in locations of SWIR surface albedo below 0.4 (where TROPOMI biases tend to be relatively low), but they confirm the dependence of TROPOMI biases on SWIR surface albedo and coarse aerosol particles, as well as the reduction of these biases in the blended product. Fine-scale inspection of the Arabian Peninsula shows that a number of hotspots in the original TROPOMI data are removed as artifacts in the blended product. The blended product also corrects striping and aerosol/cloud biases in single-orbit TROPOMI data, enabling better detection and quantification of ultra-emitters. Residual coastal biases can be removed by applying additional filters. The ML method presented here can be applied more generally to validate and correct data from any new satellite instrument by reference to a more established instrument.
Human influence on growing-period frosts like in early April 2021 in central France
Authors: Vautard Robert , van Oldenborgh Geert Jan , Bonnet Rémy , Li Sihan , Robin Yoann , Kew Sarah , Philip Sjoukje , Soubeyroux Jean-Michel , Dubuisson Brigitte , Viovy Nicolas , Reichstein Markus , Otto Friederike , Garcia de Cortazar-Atauri Iñaki
Published: March 2023

Abstract. In early April 2021 several days of harsh frost affected central Europe. This led to very severe damage in grapevine and fruit trees
in France, in regions where young leaves had already unfolded due to
unusually warm temperatures in the preceding month (March 2021). We analysed
with observations and 172 climate model simulations how human-induced
climate change affected this event over central France, where many vineyards are located. We found that, without human-caused climate change, such temperatures in April or later in spring would have been even lower by
1.2 ∘C (0.75 to 1.7 ∘C). However, climate
change also caused an earlier occurrence of bud burst that we characterized in this study by a growing degree day index value. This shift leaves young leaves exposed to more winter-like conditions with lower minimum temperatures and longer nights, an effect that overcompensates the warming effect. Extreme cold temperatures occurring after the start of the growing season such as those of April 2021 are now 2 ∘C colder
(0.5 to 3.3 ∘C) than in preindustrial conditions, according to observations. This observed intensification of growing-period frosts is attributable, at least in part, to human-caused climate change with each of the five climate model ensembles used here simulating a cooling of growing-period annual temperature minima of 0.41 ∘C (0.22 to 0.60 ∘C) since preindustrial conditions. The 2021 growing-period frost event has become 50 % more likely (10 %–110 %). Models accurately simulate the observed warming in extreme lowest spring temperatures but underestimate the observed trends in growing-period frost intensities, a fact that yet remains to be explained. Model ensembles all simulate a further intensification of yearly minimum temperatures occurring in the growing period for future decades and a significant probability increase for such events of about 30 % (20 %–40 %) in a climate with global warming of 2 ∘C.
Time-dependent frictional properties of granular materials used in analogue modelling: implications for mimicking fault healing during reactivation and inversion
Authors: Rudolf Michael , Rosenau Matthias , Oncken Onno
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Analogue models are often used to model long-term geological processes such as mountain building or basin inversion. Most of these models use granular materials such as sand or glass beads to simulate the brittle behaviour of the crust. In granular material, deformation is localised in shear bands, which act as an analogue to natural fault zones and detachments. Shear bands, also known as faults, are permanent anomalies in the granular package and are often reactivated during a test run. This is due to their lower strength compared to the undeformed material. When the fault movement stops, time-dependent healing immediately begins to increase the strength of the fault. Faults that have been inactive for a long time therefore have a higher strength than younger faults. This time-dependent healing, also called time consolidation, can therefore affect the structure of an analogue model as the strength of the fault changes over time. Time consolidation is a well-known mechanism in granular mechanics, but it is poorly described for analogue materials and on the timescales of typical analogue models. In this study, we estimate the healing rate of different analogue materials and evaluate the impact on the reactivation potential of analogue faults. We find that healing rates are generally less than 3 % per 10-fold increase in holding time, which is comparable to natural fault zones. We qualitatively compare the frictional properties of the materials with grain characteristics and find a weak correlation of healing rates with sphericity and friction with an average quality score. Accordingly, in models where there are predefined faults or reactivation is forced by blocks, the stability range of the fault angles that can be reactivated can decrease by up to 7∘ over the duration of 12 h. The stress required to reactivate an existing fault can double in the same time, which can favour the development of new faults. In a basin inversion scenario, normal faults cannot be inverted because of the strong misorientation, so time consolidation plays little additional role for such models.
High-resolution debris-cover mapping using UAV-derived thermal imagery: limits and opportunities
Authors: Gök Deniz Tobias , Scherler Dirk , Anderson Leif Stefan
Published: March 2023

Abstract. Debris-covered glaciers are widespread in high mountain
ranges on earth. However, the dynamic evolution of debris-covered glacier
surfaces is not well understood, in part due to difficulties in mapping
debris-cover thickness in high spatiotemporal resolution. In this study, we
present land surface temperatures (LSTs) of supraglacial debris cover and their
diurnal variability measured from an unpiloted aerial vehicle (UAV) at a
high (15 cm) spatial resolution. We test two common approaches to derive
debris-thickness maps by (1) solving a surface energy balance model (SEBM)
in conjunction with meteorological reanalysis data and (2) least squares
regression of a rational curve using debris-thickness field measurements. In
addition, we take advantage of the measured diurnal temperature cycle and
estimate the rate of change of heat storage within the debris cover. Both
approaches resulted in debris-thickness estimates with an RMSE of 6 to 8 cm
between observed and modeled debris thicknesses, depending on the time of
the day. Although the rational curve approach requires in situ field
measurements, the approach is less sensitive to uncertainties in LST
measurements compared to the SEBM approach. However, the requirement of
debris-thickness measurements can be an inhibiting factor that supports the
SEB approach. Because LST varies throughout the day, the success of a
rational function to express the relationship between LST and debris
thickness also varies predictably with the time of day.
During the period when the debris cover is warming, LST is heavily influenced by the aspect of the terrain. As a result, clear-sky morning flights that do not consider the aspect effects can be problematic.
Our sensitivity analysis of various
parameters in the SEBM highlights the relevance of the effective thermal
conductivity when LST is high. The residual and variable bias of UAV-derived
LSTs during a flight requires calibration, which we achieve with bare-ice
surfaces. The model performance would benefit from more accurate LST
measurements, which are challenging to achieve with uncooled sensors in high mountain landscapes.
Martín Almagro-Gorbea. Más de 50 años construyendo bases para la Prehistoria y la Arqueología de España
Authors: Ruiz Zapatero Gonzalo
Published: March 2023

El Profesor Martín Almagro Gorbea es una figura clave de la Prehistoria y Arqueología españolas por sus notables contribuciones de investigación, la influencia de las mismas, las aportaciones a diversas instituciones clave (universidad, Museo Arqueológico Nacional, Real Academia de la Historia entre otras) y el número de discípulos y colaboradores que cuenta a lo largo de su vida académica. Tras una breve biografía profesional, se destacan su trayectoria intelectual: con una obra ingente, plural y continuamente innovadora; su visión holística de la Prehistoria Reciente de España y Europa; la internacionalización que ha ayudado a dar a los estudios de Prehistoria peninsular y la arqueología española y su extraordinaria capacidad para abrir y explorar nuevos campos de estudio en esas disciplinas. Este libro celebra su rica y fecunda vida académica e intelectual con testimonios de compañeros y amigos.
Le Chalcolithique de l’Europe du Sud: Où sont les chefs? Où sont les dominants?
Authors: Guilaine Jean
Published: March 2023

¿Cómo podemos identificar a las "gentes poderosas" durante el Calcolítico (3500-2200 a.C.) en el sur de Europa? El uso de enterramientos colectivos, una práctica funeraria que tiende a minimizar las desigualdades sociales, no facilita precisamente esa búsqueda. Se explora aquí una serie de evidencias que muestran la existencia de esas élites a través de ciertos ajuares y elementos muebles hallados en sepulturas individuales (particularmente en el noreste de Italia) y colectivas. Se insiste, sobre todo, en el concepto de los muertos de acompañamiento, hombres y mujeres sacrificados con motivo de la muerte de una persona, un indicio que puede revelar una importante  subordinación. La iconografía, la organización de algunos asentamientos (como los mega-yacimientos de Andalucía) y los depósitos de objetos de cobre, evidencian la existencia de esos personajes principales. También se revisan los objetos de prestigio y otros marcadores como formas de distinción social. Alrededor del 2500 a.C., con la llegada del fenómeno campaniforme,  los testigos que marcan la identidad cultural y/o el estatus resultan, en principio, más cualitativos que cuantitativos. Pero la acumulación de marcadores sociales se reanuda de nuevo con las “tumbas principescas” de Ciempozuelos. En conclusión, en este trabajo se abordan problemas generales sobre la “calcolitización” de Europa occidental y los criterios que disponemos los investigadores para el reconocimiento de sus élites.
Para pagar en oro: la pesa fenicia del Teatro Cómico de Cádiz
Authors: García-Bellido Mª Paz
Published: March 2023

Se presenta el estudio de una pesa fenicia hallada en el “Teatro Cómico” de Cádiz, en una de las habitaciones del yacimiento. Se trata de un contexto doméstico con fechas de abandono en torno a los años 760-750 a.C. Los detalles concretos de la excavación arqueológica ya fueron publicados y se descarta que la habitación pudiera relacionarse con un lugar de culto. Aún así, se trata de un hallazgo muy relevante al poder estudiar el ponderal en un contexto arqueológico bien fechado y documentado, todo ello en el ámbito de la Cádiz fenicia de mediados del siglo VIII a.C.
Il ms. Clm 14011 della Bayerische Staatsbibliothek di Monaco: coesistenze stilistiche e scelte illustrative in un codice giuridico realizzato a Genova alla fine del Duecento
Authors: Volpera Federica
Published: March 2023

Questo articolo presenta i risultati di un’indagine condotta sul ms. Clm 14011 della Bayerische Staatsbibliothek di Monaco. Il manoscritto, databile alla fine del XIII secolo e riconducibile al contesto genovese, contiene le Decretales di Gregorio IX, la Collectio III di Innocenzo IV e le Constitutiones di Gregorio X. Lo studio dell’apparato illustrativo rivela l’intervento di almeno due miniatori di diversa formazione: il primo, responsabile delle tabelle miniate, è legato ai modi della scuola padovana; il secondo, che realizzò le iniziali decorate, mostra l’adesione al linguaggio della scuola gotica genovese, in particolare del Maestro del ms. Lat. 42. L’analisi delle scelte iconografiche permette infine di evidenziare come elementi stilistici e disegnativi propri dell’immaginario religioso vengano impiegati per introdurre i vari libri delle Decretales.
Compreensão de professores de Filosofia sobre o ensino e a vivência do Estágio Supervisionado
Authors: Gabriel Fábio Antonio , Pereira Ana Lúcia , Mendes Ademir Aparecido Pinhelli
Published: March 2023

Este artigo busca analisar a compreensão de professores em serviço sobre o ensino de Filosofia e a vivência do Estágio Supervisionado. A pesquisa foi de natureza qualitativa e os sujeitos constituíram um grupo de 208 professores que atuavam em escolas públicas de Ensino Médio do Estado do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários e entrevistas, organizados e analisados com base na Análise Textual Discursiva e na Análise de Clusters. Os resultados apresentados apontam no sentido de uma compreensão da importância do Estágio Supervisionado na formação de professores de Filosofia e da relevância de seu ensino como experiência filosófica, que valorize o cotidiano dos alunos e dialogue com os conteúdos filosóficos.
CDS Spreads, Systemic Risk and Global Systemically Important Insurers Designations
Authors: Cole Cassandra , Chow Ying-Foon , Fung Derrick W.H , Yeh Jason J. H.
Published: March 2023

After the recent court case overturning the Financial Stability Oversight Council (FSOC)’s systemic importance designation of MetLife, the public raises awareness about the robustness of the identification methodology for global systemically important insurers (G-SIIs). As the G-SII identification framework proposed by the International Association of Insurance Supervisors (IAIS) lacks empirical support and relies heavily on historical accounting data, we examine how systemic risk measures constructed from credit default swaps (CDS) data, which are market-consistent and forward-looking, can supplement the IAIS’ identification framework. Using a dataset of insurers’ CDS spreads between 2011 and 2015, we construct three different kinds of systemic risk measures (i.e., MESCDS, networks of CDS spreads and absorption ratio) and assess the G-SII designation results announced by the Financial Stability Board (FSB). We find that: 1) the systemic risk of designated G-SIIs is, on average, higher than other insurers, suggesting that the IAIS’ G-SII identification methodology is, in general, sound and effective; 2) reinsurers should fall within the IAIS’ G-SII assessment exercise, as some of them generate more systemic risk than the designated G-SIIs; and 3) given the non-negligible litigation risk from the designated G-SIIs, the regulators should consider supplementing their G-SII identification methodology with CDS-based systemic risk measures to substantiate their designation decisions in court.
Introduction_VF_ L'argument
Authors: Nicolaï Robert , Samain Didier
Published: March 2023

Introduction au dossier "Dynamique sémiotique et linguistique des individus" (version française)
Hendrik Pos, la conscience linguistique et la phénoménologie du langage
Authors: Flack Patrick
Published: March 2023

Le présent article discute les implications et la réception critique de la notion de conscience linguistique originaire (parfois immédiate ou préthéorique) formulée et défendue par le philosophe et linguiste néerlandais Hendrik Pos (1898-1955). Soulignant la dette de Pos envers le néo-kantisme et Heinrich Rickert, nous montrons que cette notion offre une voie alternative pour penser l’objectivité linguistique ou sémiotique à partir du vécu individuel, laquelle ne se creuse, ni comme chez Merleau-Ponty par un approfondissement phénoménologique du sujet parlant, ni comme chez Benveniste par une focalisation thématique sur le problème du sujet comme instance énonciatrice, ni d’ailleurs comme chez Saussure à partir de la distinction entre langue et parole, mais bien à partir d’une réflexion méthodologique générale sur les différentes manières dont le langage se présente (« se donne ») empiriquement.
Comprensión Holográfica de la Diversidad (CoH-D) en el niño de básica primaria en la institución educativa Normal Superior de Florencia, Caquetá
Authors: Jaramillo Nelson
Published: March 2023

Se muestran las acciones didácticas desarrolladas para develar la diversidad en el niño, expresada en su modo particular de realizar la comprensión en cuanto sistema social autorreferencial, en el marco de la investigación con un grupo de niños del grado cuarto-quinto de la básica primaria de la Normal Superior de Florencia, durante el periodo de pandemia (2020-2021). La diversidad se demuestra en las semánticas binarias de Confianza/ des-Confianza, Marca/ No-marca, Cuerpo niño/ Cuerpo adulto y Realidad real/Realidad virtual, propiciadas por el análisis funcional de las relaciones entre la triple funcionalidad de la comprensión: informar, entender y acto de comunicar (Luhmann, 1998), y las dimensiones del niño expresadas como corporizar, emocionar, decir, ficcionar y representar (Skliar, 2015), mediadas por la virtualidad y los hologramas. La integración de las semánticas, la comprensión y las dimensiones del niño mediadas por la virtualidad y el análisis de hologramas permiten concluir un sistema social holográfico.
Assessment of thinness based on BMI and MUAC among the adult Jaunsari
Authors: Mukherjee Koel , Venugopal Pulamaghatta N. , Das Kaustav
Published: March 2023

Background: Researchers worldwide have tried to develop alternative measures to assess the nutritional status, especially among adults in developing countries. Body mass index (BMI) is a commonly used technique but sometimes difficult to obtain in large-scale surveys. Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) has been used as an alternative, but data are limited, especially in the Indian context.

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the BMI and MUAC of the Jaunsari tribal community of Uttarakhand and to assess whether MUAC is an acceptable proxy for BMI.

Sample and Methods: A total of 303 (male 134, female 169) healthy adult Jaunsari individuals aged 18-60 years from Lakhamandal village of Dehradun district of Uttarakhand, India have been selected. Anthropometric measurements of height (cm), weight (kg), and MUAC (cm) were taken following the standard protocol. Globally accepted cut-off values for thinness were used (BMI<18.5kg/m2 and MUAC<24.0cm). Descriptive statistics, Student’s t-test and Chi-square test were performed. The statistically significant level was set at p<0.05.

Results: The Jaunsari people of Lakhamandal village of Dehradun district are very thin when following the categories developed by WHO (30.4%). Females are on average thinner than males when assessed by BMI and MUAC. Overweight was found in 12.2% of the village’s people. Individuals are two times more likely to be considered thin when classified by MUAC, than if classified by BMI.

Conclusions: Healthy Jaunsari people are on average very thin, but there is already some evidence of overnutrition in a few cases. Thinness when assessed by MUAC is twice as prevalent, than if assessed by BMI.