bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Evolution and Eruption of the Coronal Magnetic Field through a Data-driven MHD Simulation
Authors: Inoue Satoshi , Hayashi Keiji , Miyoshi Takahiro
Published: March 2023

We present a newly developed data-driven magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulation code under a zero-β approximation based on a method proposed by Hayashi et al. 2018 and 2019. Although many data-driven MHD simulations have been developed and conducted, there are not many studies on how accurately those simulations can reproduce the phenomena observed in the solar corona. In this study, we investigated the performance of our data-driven simulation quantitatively using ground-truth data. The ground-truth data was produced by an MHD simulation in which the magnetic field is twisted by the sunspot motions. A magnetic flux rope (MFR) is created by the cancellation of the magnetic flux at the polarity inversion line due to the converging flow on the sunspot, which eventually leads to the eruption of the MFR. We attempted to reproduce these dynamics using the data-driven MHD simulation. The coronal magnetic fields are driven by the electric fields, which are obtained from a time series of the photospheric magnetic field that is extracted from the ground-truth data, on the surface. As a result, the data-driven simulation could capture the subsequent MHD processes, the twisted coronal magnetic field and formation of the MFR, and also its eruption. We report these results and compare them with the ground-truth data, and discuss how to improve the accuracy and optimize the numerical method.
Finding r-II Sibling Stars in the Milky Way with the Greedy Optimistic Clustering Algorithm
Authors: Hattori Kohei , Okuno Akifumi , Roederer Ian U.
Published: March 2023

R-process enhanced stars with [Eu/Fe] ≥ +0.7 (so-called r-II stars) are believed to have formed in an extremely neutron-rich environment in which a rare astrophysical event (e.g., a neutron-star merger) occurred. This scenario is supported by the existence of an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy, Reticulum II, where most of the stars are highly enhanced in r-process elements. In this scenario, some small fraction of dwarf galaxies around the Milky Way were r enhanced. When each r-enhanced dwarf galaxy accreted to the Milky Way, it deposited many r-II stars in the Galactic halo with similar orbital actions. To search for the remnants of the r-enhanced systems, we analyzed the distribution of the orbital actions of N = 161 r-II stars in the solar neighborhood by using Gaia EDR3 data. Since the observational uncertainty is not negligible, we applied a newly developed greedy optimistic clustering method to the orbital actions of our sample stars. We found six clusters of r-II stars that have similar orbits and chemistry, one of which is a new discovery. Given the apparent phase-mixed orbits of the member stars, we interpret that these clusters are good candidates for remnants of completely disrupted r-enhanced dwarf galaxies that merged with the ancient Milky Way.
Rapid Expansion of the Young Type Ia Supernova Remnant 0519–69.0: More Evidence for a Circumstellar Shell
Authors: Guest Benson T. , Borkowski Kazimierz J. , Ghavamian Parviz , Petre Robert , Picquenot Adrien , Reynolds Stephen P. , Seitenzahl Ivo R. , Williams Brian J.
Published: March 2023

The nature of Type Ia supernovae remains controversial. The youngest remnants of Ia supernovae hold clues to the explosion and to the immediate surroundings. We present a third epoch of Chandra observations of the ∼600 yr old Type Ia remnant 0519–69.0 in the Large Magellanic Cloud, extending the time baseline to 21 yr from the initial 2000 observations. We find rapid expansion of X-ray emitting material, with an average velocity of 4760 km s−1. At the distance of the LMC, this corresponds to an undecelerated age of 750 yr, with the true age somewhat lower. We also find that the bright ring of emission has expanded by 1.3%, corresponding to a velocity of 1900 km s−1 and an undecelerated age of 1600 yr. The high velocity of the peripheral X-rays, contrasted with the modest expansion of the main X-ray shell, provides further evidence for a massive shell of circumstellar material.
Sporadic Spin-orbit Variations in Compact Multiplanet Systems and Their Influence on Exoplanet Climate
Authors: Chen Howard , Li Gongjie , Paradise Adiv , Kopparapu Ravi K.
Published: March 2023

Climate modeling has shown that tidally influenced terrestrial exoplanets, particularly those orbiting M-dwarfs, have unique atmospheric dynamics and surface conditions that may enhance their likelihood to host viable habitats. However, sporadic libration and rotation induced by planetary interactions, such as those due to mean motion resonances (MMR) in compact planetary systems, may destabilize attendant exoplanets away from synchronized states (1:1 spin-orbit ratios). Here, we use a three-dimensional N-rigid-body integrator and an intermediately complex general circulation model to simulate the evolving climates of TRAPPIST-1 e and f with different orbital- and spin-evolution pathways. Planet f scenarios perturbed by MMR effects with chaotic spin variations are colder and dryer compared to their synchronized counterparts due to the zonal drift of the substellar point away from open ocean basins of their initial eyeball states. On the other hand, the differences between perturbed and synchronized planet e are minor due to higher instellation, warmer surfaces, and reduced climate hysteresis. This is the first study to incorporate the time-dependent outcomes of direct gravitational N-rigid-body simulations into 3D climate modeling of extrasolar planets, and our results show that planets at the outer edge of the habitable zones in compact multiplanet systems are vulnerable to rapid global glaciations. In the absence of external mechanisms such as orbital forcing or tidal heating, these planets could be trapped in permanent snowball states.
The Power of the Rings: The GRB 221009A Soft X-Ray Emission from Its Dust-scattering Halo
Authors: Tiengo Andrea , Pintore Fabio , Vaia Beatrice , Filippi Simone , Sacchi Andrea , Esposito Paolo , Rigoselli Michela , Mereghetti Sandro , Salvaterra Ruben , Šiljeg Barbara , Bracco Andrea , Bošnjak Željka , Jelić Vibor , Campana Sergio
Published: March 2023

GRB 221009A is the brightest gamma-ray burst (GRB) ever detected that has occurred at low Galactic latitude. Owing to this exceptional combination, its prompt X-ray emission could be detected for weeks in the form of expanding X-ray rings produced by scattering in Galactic dust clouds. We report on the analysis of 20 rings, generated by dust at distances ranging from 0.3 to 18.6 kpc, detected during two X‐ray Multi Mirror (XMM)-Newton observations performed about 2 and 5 days after the GRB. By fitting the spectra of the rings with different models for the dust composition and grain size distribution, we reconstructed the spectrum of the GRB prompt emission in the 0.7–4 keV energy range as an absorbed power law with photon index Γ = 1–1.4 and absorption in the host galaxy N
H,z = (4.1–5.3) × 1021 cm−2. Taking into account the systematic uncertainties regarding the column density of dust contained in the clouds producing the rings, the 0.5–5 keV fluence of GRB 221009A can be constrained between 10−3 and 7 × 10−3 erg cm−2. Both the fluence and the photon index indicate the presence of a possible soft excess with respect to the extrapolation of the main GRB peak observed at higher energies.
Observation of Anomalous Electron Fluxes Induced by GRB221009A on CSES-01 Low-energy Charged Particle Detector
Authors: Battiston R. , Neubüser C. , Follega F. M. , Iuppa R. , Vitale V. , Ammendola R. , Badoni D. , Bartocci S. , Bazzano A. , Beolè S. , Bertello I. , Burger W. J. , Campana D. , Cicone A. , Cipollone P. , Coli S. , Conti L. , Contin A. , Cristoforetti M. , D’Angelo G. , De Angelis F. , De Donato C. , De Santis C. , Diego P. , Di Luca A. , Fiorenza E. , Gebbia G. , Lega A. , Lolli M. , Martino B. , Martucci M. , Masciantonio G. , Mergè M. , Mese M. , Morbidini A. , Nuccilli F. , Nozzoli F. , Oliva A. , Osteria G. , Papini E. , Palma F. , Palmonari F. , Parmentier A. , Panico B. , Perciballi S. , Perfetto F. , Perinelli A. , Picozza P. , Piersanti M. , Pozzato M. , Rebustini G. , Recchiuti D. , Ricci E. , Ricci M. , Rodi J. , Russi A. , Ricciarini S. B. , Sahnoun Z. , Savino U. , Scotti V. , Shen X. , Sotgiu A. , Sparvoli R. , Tofani S. , Ubertini P. , Vertolli N. , Vilona V. , Zannoni U. , Zeren Z. , Zoffoli S. , Zuccon P.
Published: March 2023

High-energy, long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be generated by the core collapse of massive stars at the end of their lives. When they happen in the close-by universe they can be exceptionally bright, as seen from the Earth in the case of the recent, giant, long-lasting GRB221009A. GRB221009A was produced by a collapsing star with a redshift of 0.152: this event was observed by many gamma-ray space experiments, which also detected an extraordinary long gamma-ray afterglow. The exceptionally large fluence of the prompt emission of about 0.013 erg cm−2 illuminated a large geographical region centered on India and including Europe and Asia. We report in this paper the observation of sudden electron flux changes correlated with GRB221009A and measured by the HEPP-L charged particle detector on board the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite, which was orbiting over Europe at the time of the GRB event. The time structure of the observed electron flux closely matches the very distinctive time dependence of the photon flux associated with the main part of the emission at around 13:20 UTC on 2022 October 9. To test the origin of these signals, we set up a simplified simulation of one HEPP-L subdetector: the results of this analysis suggest that the signals observed are mostly due to electrons created within the aluminum collimator surrounding the silicon detector, providing real-time monitoring of the very intense photon fluxes. We discuss the implications of this observation for existing and forthcoming particle detectors on low Earth orbits.
Le poivre, fragments d’histoire globale
Authors: Dabrowski Vladimir
Published: March 2023

Le poivre constitue un objet d’étude privilégié pour aborder la notion de luxe en archéobotanique. Après avoir établi les critères d’identification des poivres de l’espèce Piper nigrum en archéologie, une synthèse des découvertes archéobotaniques a été effectuée afin de les replacer dans leur contexte archéologique et de déterminer leurs significations économiques, sociales et culturelles au regard de la consommation et du commerce du poivre dans l’Antiquité, au sein de différents espaces géographiques. Dans ce cadre, la définition du statut luxueux du poivre y fait l’objet d’une attention particulière. De nouvelles occurrences de poivres en provenance d’une résidence élitaire incendiée sur le site antique de Mleiha (EAU) sont mentionnées. Il s’agit de la première attestation archéobotanique de poivre dans la péninsule Arabique. Il y est question de la valeur que pouvait avoir le poivre pour la société qui occupait ce site archéologique, des indices sur l’origine culturelle des habitants ainsi que des utilisations qui peuvent avoir été faites du poivre.
Le poivre, fragments d’histoire globale
Authors: Cobb Matthew
Published: March 2023

Ce chapitre veut montrer que, contrairement aux travaux de recherche précédents qui considèrent les « épices » (parmi d’autres marchandises de l’océan Indien) comme des produits de luxe, le poivre était consommé à une échelle suffisamment vaste (particulièrement dans les centres urbains) pour ne pas tomber d’emblée dans cette catégorie. En partant de l’Édit du Maximum et en le mettant en relation avec des modèles quantitatifs, nous avançons l’idée que le poivre n’atteignait pas un prix prohibitif et que par conséquent les couches « moyennes » de la société romaine pouvaient raisonnablement acquérir ce produit. Le poivre noir n’est pas resté un privilège de l’élite. Cependant, en dépit de sa disponibilité sur le marché et de son coût relativement réduit (par rapport à des produits importés plus cher), sa relation avec l’Inde lui permettait de conserver un caractère exotique ; à ce titre, il pouvait avoir un rôle utile de marqueur social pour ceux qui, par leurs ressources, appartenaient aux couches « moyennes ».
Le poivre, fragments d’histoire globale
Authors: Ducène Jean-Charles
Published: March 2023

La conquête arabe de l’Égypte n’a pas interrompu le commerce du poivre indien puisqu’un papyrus de 649 en mentionne, transitant sans doute par la mer Rouge. Ce sont cependant surtout les sources littéraires arabes qui en parlent à partir du ix e  siècle. À cette époque, il semble que ce soit par le golfe Persique qu’il arrive au Proche-Orient. Les botanistes en distinguent alors trois sortes : le long, le noir et le blanc, et décrivent la nature du poivrier ainsi que les modes de récolte. Bien que l’essentiel des termes concernant cette épice en arabe et en syriaque remonte au sanskrit par le moyen-iranien, dès le milieu du ix e  siècle, c’est la côte sud-ouest de l’Inde qui est désignée comme région productrice, parfois aussi les îles de l’Insulinde. Quant à son usage, on retrouve le poivre comme condiment mais aussi en médecine, voire en magie.
« Debout les Aîné·e·s ». Un plaidoyer pour développer ou restaurer le pouvoir d’agir
Authors: Verbeeck Vincent
Published: March 2023

L’auteur tente ici de partager à la fois son ressenti et ses constats, éclairés des analyses des spécialistes de la vieillesse, pour interroger la place et le rôle dévolus aux Aîné·e·s dans notre société. La réponse semble être dans l’initiative des Aîné·e·s, les premièr·e·s « sachant·e·s » sur la vieillesse par leur expertise d’usage, de se mobiliser eux(elles)-mêmes et, dans leur autoreprésentation, de prendre la parole pour « faire bouger les lignes ».
L’expérience de la vie collective par les habitants d’un « béguinage » pour personnes âgées. Motivations plurielles, projections ambivalentes et relations à géométrie variable
Authors: Bertillot Hugo , Vanneste Damien
Published: March 2023

Les champs du vieillissement et du handicap sont actuellement marqués par le développement de logements qui se veulent plus adaptés, plus ouverts, plus soutenants. Si la présence d’une vie partagée entre habitants est un élément central des projets qui bénéficient de financements publics, un débat émerge aujourd’hui sur les implicites de cette catégorisation de « l’habitat inclusif ». Dans quelle mesure le souhait de partager son habitat constitue-t-il une motivation ? Comment et avec quelles conséquences une vie collective est-elle susceptible d’émerger ? À partir d’une étude de cas centrée sur l’expérience vécue par les habitants d’un « béguinage » implanté dans une commune rurale, cet article décrit d’abord une pluralité de motivations à quitter son ancien logement. Il analyse ensuite l’ambivalence des projections en matière de vie collective. Enfin, il rend compte de l’émergence de relations de voisinage à géométrie variable. Au final, permettre aux personnes, quel que soit leur âge ou leur handicap, d’avoir plus de choix en matière d’habitat implique qu’elles soient libres d’habiter ou non avec d’autres personnes et le cas échéant de décider de ce qu’elles partagent.
Autodétermination et vieillissement des personnes avec déficience intellectuelle. Des repères pour penser le processus de vieillissement acteur et l’individualisation des réponses
Authors: Rinaldi Romina , Wauthia Érika , Croes Chloé
Published: March 2023

À l’échelle de la population mondiale, l’accroissement de l’espérance de vie a pratiquement doublé lors du siècle dernier. Avec l’amélioration continue des réponses fournies en termes de provision de services, cette tendance s’étend désormais dans une certaine mesure aux personnes avec déficience intellectuelle ( di ). Toutefois, avec l’avancée en âge, les personnes avec déficience intellectuelle feront plus probablement l’objet d’un niveau de contraintes, de restriction des libertés, plus élevé en relation avec des processus dits de double discrimination , liés d’une part au vieillissement et d’autre part, à la situation de handicap. Ce « cumul des vulnérabilités » amène une vigilance accrue dans les pratiques d’accueil et d’accompagnement de ce public. L’enjeu d’un accompagnement centré sur la qualité de vie et le maintien des capacités implique un décloisonnement des secteurs du handicap et du vieillissement vers une réponse articulée et flexible qui puisse mutualiser les pratiques probantes et créer un dialogue intersectoriel centré sur les besoins des personnes qui vieillissent avec une déficience intellectuelle. Au sein de cet article, nous approcherons le concept d’autodétermination et son abord en tant que principe permettant d’orienter les pratiques d’accompagnement des personnes vieillissant avec une déficience intellectuelle.
Impact of airport infrastructure investment on the growth of the Angolan economy: An Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag analysis
Authors: Campos Pedro
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The airport infrastructure plays capital importance in the development of national trade. It facilitates the flow of people, goods, and services more quickly. Thus, given its importance, this study seeks to analyze the impact of the Angolan investment in airport infrastructure between 2000 – 2020.Design/methodology/approach: this article presents the results of quantitative and qualitative research, based on narrative review and output of the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique, which aimed to analyze the impact of investment in airport infrastructure on the growth of Angola GDP per capita.Findings: The results of the stationarity tests performed shows mixed integration in both I(0) and I(1), which justifies the used ARDL. Similarly, the bounds test showed that there is a very strong relationship between airport infrastructure investment and GDP per capita growth in the short and long run. However, in the Angola case study, the impact that exists is negative, meaning that airport infrastructure negatively impacts per capita GDP growth in both the short run and in the long run.Research limitations/implications: this research has been among the first to analyze the impact of investment in airport infrastructure on the growth of Angola GDP per capita. Besides the contribution of this research, some limitations are the difficulty to find data of investment and the literature about transportation infrastructure in Angola.Originality/value: the analyze of the impact of investment in airport infrastructure in the growth of Angola GDP per capita is a fundamental step that can help public and private entities in making decisions that aim to improve the management of the Angola transport infrastructure.
Effectiveness of Plasma Exchange in a Girl With Corticosteroid-Resistant Anti-myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein–Associated Disease
Authors: Sakai Ryo , Kitazawa Noritaka , Nasuno Masaru , Shirai Maki , Omori Norio , Takeuchi Shihoko , Imai Ken , Noda Shunsuke , Kitamura Masatomo , Inaba Yuji , Motobayashi Mitsuo
Published: March 2023

The patient was a 6-year-old girl with clinically isolated syndrome–like anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein–associated disease (MOG-AD). Methylprednisolone pulse therapy resolved her cerebral lesion, and her visual acuity and field fully recovered after plasma exchange. This is the first case report presenting the therapeutic course in a child with clinically isolated syndrome–like MOG-AD.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2023;60(2):e11–e15.]
Une création sur la route : Dies d’agost de Marc Recha
Authors: Ramos Alquezar Sergi
Published: March 2023

Dies d’agost (2006) de Marc Recha, film de fiction issu du Master en documentaire de création de l’Université Pompeu Fabra, se présente comme un road-movie laissant une place essentielle à l’exploration du territoire et à la rencontre fortuite des personnages qu’il croise sur la route. Cet article analyse le dispositif formel singulier que met en place le film et l’économie figurative qu’il adopte, fondée sur le surgissement et l’apparition, qui permet à son réalisateur de mener une réflexion sur la mémoire individuelle et collective.
“¿Cosas de España?”
Authors: Bajo María Gajate
Published: March 2023

In the construction of the collective remembrance of any war, literary, journalistic, and soldier' chronicles have become very significant and this evidence has been clearly exposed in recent researches on cultural warfare studies. From this statement, the purpose of this chapter is to examine an individual testimony to increase our understanding of the complex Spanish-Moroccan War (1859-1860). Rather than delving into its military dynamics, the main goal of this contribution will consist of providing a profound comprehension of this struggle, its extensive international implications and legacy thanks to a detailed analysis of The Spanish Campaign in Morocco. This is an interesting compilation of the previous reports written by Frederick Hardman, an unknown (at least among Spaniards) foreign correspondent whose words can be extremely enlightening insofar as it will be applied the analytic tool of ̶ British ̶ informal imperialism as basis for the study of the multidimensional Spanish-Moroccan relationships.
Colonial Conflicts in the Horn of Africa
Authors: Andrés César García , Ledesma Pablo Arconada
Published: March 2023

This research delves into the colonial conflicts in one of the most confrontational regions of the continent: The Horn of Africa. The geostrategic importance of this area meant that during the first decades of colonisation, several European countries set their sights on these territories, which are currently occupied by Eritrea, Somalia, Djibouti, and Ethiopia. However, the arrival of Europeans in the Horn of Africa was opposed by the local population living in these territories. This resistance to the European invasion is one of the main studies in this analysis, along with the mark it left on the Ethiopian Empire to initiate its expansionism. The object of study is interdisciplinary in nature, but history is undoubtedly the basis of all our argumentation. However, history must be connected to other fields of study, mainly international relations and African studies. The resources that have been used to carry out this research are a list of a wide bibliography on the subject, together with official documents, newspaper, and resources from geographical societies.
Spain, Imperialism, and Genealogy of International Studies in the First Third of the 20th Century
Authors: Hernández José Luis Neila
Published: March 2023

In recent decades, international studies have been the subject of exciting debates encouraged from critical perspectives, especially from constructivist approaches. Among these debates, the present text intends to pay attention to the revisionism of the narrative around the genealogy of the scientific study of international relations in the first third of the 20th century and the vindication of imperialism in the genesis of international studies. In Spain, the permeability to such historiographical views has not penetrated too much in the review of the genealogy of international studies and even less in the role of imperialism. A question certainly present in the studies on the foreign policy of the period but absent in the analysis of the academic and institutional habitat of international studies in Spain.
A Multi-Faceted Military Campaign
Authors: Bolaños Roberto Muñoz
Published: March 2023

The German army's campaigns against the Herero and Nama peoples between 1904 and 1907 were the result of the sum of several dynamics that defined their development: Western military culture, the emergence of Total War, German military doctrine, and biological racism linked to the cultural revolution that took place in Europe in the last decades of the 19th century. However, the defining factor in its development was the international position of the German Empire at the beginning of the 20th century. The result was not only the defeat of two indigenous peoples, but also the first genocide of the 20th century. However, this genocide was not a planned action but the result of the German military's inability to defeat the indigenous warriors. After the victory of the Kaiser's soldiers, the imperial general staff was unable to draw any lessons from this colonial war, despite the limitations of the concept of the decisive battle, the cornerstone of its military doctrine.
Psychosis after SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection
Authors: Harshini M. L. , Jayasundara D. M. S. P. , Williams S. S.
Published: March 2023

Psychiatric manifestations associated with COVID-19 infection have become a subject of study in the wake of the global pandemic. Some psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression are well recognized with the COVID-19 infection while overt psychosis is less so.
We present four cases of first-onset psychotic episodes with a clear temporal relationship to COVID-19 infection. They appear mainly affective in nature, although only time will determine their eventual progression.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on treatment adherence and the caregivers’ preference regarding telepsychiatry services at a specialized child and adolescent mental health service in a teaching hospital in Sri Lanka
Authors: Rohanachandra Y. M. , Nanayakkara K. A. S. D. , Vipulanandan Santhirasulochana , Yoheswaran Abhiramie
Published: March 2023

As many countries have reported a disruption of the delivery of mental health services during the pandemic, we aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on the treatment compliance of patients attending a CAMHS in Sri Lanka and to assess the patients views on telepsychiatry. Sixty percent had defaulted treatment during lockdowns, with rate of defaulting treatment being significantly higher in those receiving only non-pharmacological therapies (p
A case of excessive sexual drive or satyriasis
Authors: Sandarenu W. W. I. P. , Erathna E. U. S. , De Alwis H. K. K. I. , Adicarum D. R. S. , Arambepola S. C. A.
Published: March 2023

Excessive or abnormal sexual desire in males is called satyriasis. The International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) describes it under the category of sexual dysfunction, not caused by organic disorder or disease (F 52).
We describe a young male who presented following a suicide attempt in the context of depressive symptoms which were precipitated by marital conflicts due to his increased sexual desire.
Should gastrointestinal symptoms be considered a warning sign of anorexia nervosa?
Authors: De Silva Rajaratne P. K. D. H. J. L. , Alahakoon S. H. , Gunathilaka A. G. U. S. , Dahanayake D. M. A. , Rajindrajith S.
Published: March 2023

Eating disorders are complex in their origin, presentation, and management. Individuals with eating disorders at times tend to hide their symptoms and their defensive secrecy and compulsive behaviours make it difficult to diagnose and treat these disorders. Gastrointestinal symptoms are commonly reported by individuals with eating disorders but may be overlooked by clinicians.
Hysteria, possession states and pseudoseizures
Authors: Hanwella R.
Published: March 2023

Hysteria has been described from biblical times. It has changed its name many times over the years. Possession states and pseudoseizures are subtypes of hysteria. With the two major diagnostic classifications, the DSM 5 and the ICD 10 separating hysteria into different subcategories with dissimilar names, the confusion for clinicians has compounded. Fortunately, the upcoming ICD 11 has taken a sensible approach describing all types of hysteria under one term; dissociative disorder. This term describes its underlying psychodynamic aetiology and will most likely be widely accepted.
The editorial discusses some of the historical roots of the term hysteria and its different names, definitions and clinical features, and their classification with guidelines for management.
Psychiatrists should stand far from the shrine: why and why not we should separate religion from psychiatry
Authors: Wickramarathna T. N.
Published: March 2023

Religion and spirituality are related concepts that have a history as long as the existence of mankind. Psychiatry, at times, deals with religious beliefs and spiritual inclinations. Psychiatrists, therefore, need to have a good understanding of religious beliefs of their patients. Religion can also be incorporated into the psychiatric practice to provide better patient care. At the same time, one must remember that psychiatrists are also human beings with their own belief systems which may have an impact on their professional duty. This fine balance needs to be understood and psychiatrists should use current and up to date medical evidence to guide them and avoid conflicts of interest.
Glorified
Authors: Abeywickrema S.
Published: March 2023

No abstract available
“Yin & Yang”
Authors: Fauz A. T. , Divarathna A. , Rajapakse T. N.
Published: March 2023

No abstract available
Channa Wijesinghe: A great teacher, psychiatrist, academic, friend and a very good human being
Authors: Mendis N.
Published: March 2023

No abstract available
Why do emergency department clinicians miss acute aortic syndrome? A case series and descriptive analysis
Authors: McLatchie Rachel , Wilson Sarah , Reed Matthew , Ticehurst Francoise , Easterford Kathryn , Alawiye Salma , Cowan Alicia , Gupta Aakash
Published: March 2023

Objectives: To understand why the diagnosis of AAS is missed in the ED, and to characterise the presenting features of cases in which a diagnosis of AAS was missed.

Methods: A retrospective case series cohort study was performed, identifying and analysing cases where AAS was misdiagnosed in three UK EDs between 1st January 2011 and 31st December 2020.

Results: 43 cases were included, 22 of which were type A aortic dissections. The most common incorrect presumed diagnoses made were acute coronary syndrome (28%), pulmonary embolism (12%) and ‘non-specific chest pain’ (12%). In 31 cases (72%) there was no evidence from the notes that the clinician had considered AAS in the differential diagnosis. In 10 cases (23%), AAS was considered, but the clinician was falsely reassured by atypical or resolved symptoms, clinical examination, or normal chest x-ray.

Conclusions: ED clinicians may miss AAS by not considering it as a possibility, being falsely reassured by atypical or resolved symptoms, or mistaking it for other more common conditions.  Further prospective work is necessary to establish the role of diagnostic aids and biomarkers in UK EDs.
Emergency department nurses’ perceptions of caring for patients with intentional self-poisoning: a qualitative study
Authors: Sharifi Salar , Valiee Sina
Published: March 2023

Nurses have an important role in caring for patients with intentional self-poisoning. This study was attempted to explore the emergency department nurses' perception of caring for patients with intentional self-poisoning. The present qualitative study was performed using phenomenological method. This study was done on 14 emergency department nurses with experience in caring for patients with intentional self-poisoning. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's method. Following data analysis, two themes and five sub-themes were extracted, which included being reluctant to provide care for patients with intentional self-poisoning (discomfort in providing care, and lack of desire to care for these patients) and comprehensive patient support (providing complete care and emotional support). Given that emergency department nurses are the first medical staff who face with intentional self-poisoning patients and play an important role in the care and treatment of these patients, it is necessary to improve their understanding of caring for these patients. In addition, their comprehensive support for these patients should be strengthened. Psychological support for nurses and training them on how to communicate with intentional self-poisoning patients and their families are also recommended.
Analysis of the infant’s acute pain assessment using developed conductance skin electric instrument compared to the behavioural and faces pain scale in painful injected vaccine
Authors: Kusumaningrum Arie , Rustina Yeni , Abuzairi Tomy , Ibrahim Nurhadi , Widanti Nurdina , Lestari Gita Rindang
Published: March 2023

This study compared the scale of infant pain during vaccinated injection using conductance skin electric (Skin Conductance), the Wong-Baker Faces Scale (WBFS) instrument, and Face Leg Activity Cry and Consolability (FLACC) instruments. It was observational cohort study with pre-experimental design using vaccinated injection as pain stimuli. This study investigated 121 infants (59 boys, 62 girls), age/PNA 4.37 ± 2.97 months, and current body weight 6522 ± 1378.65 grams). Most infants had adequate birth weight 71 (89.9%) about 2985.74 ± 405.83 kg and mature infants as 67 (84.4%), about 38,52 ± 2,09 weeks. Pain measurement of all three instruments was do simultaneously using a developed Skin Conductance (SC) apparatus and video recording (to assess behaviour and face). WBFS, FLACC and SC have the same significance in measuring infants’ pain scale during vaccination injection. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the three pain measurement instruments between before and during injection with a p value of <0.001. So that SC can be recommended for pain measurement.
Treatment of strip perforation using cold ceramic
Authors: Modaresi Jalil , Parashos Peter , Mousavi Rahele , Mirzaeeian Alireza , Almodaresi Zahra
Published: March 2023

Root perforation may occur at any stage of endodontic treatment and is mostly due to iatrogenic injury and may compromise the outcome of endodontic treatment. Repairing a perforation is difficult and the prognosis depends on various factors such as time, site and size of perforation, and the patient's overall health status. Hence, choosing the most appropriate material can be critical for the dentist. In this case report of a strip-perforation repair, an mineral trioxide aggregate-like material (cold ceramic) that has been shown in previous studies to have favorable properties, was successfully used.
Clinical effects of Bifidobacterium as a probiotic on oral health: A systematic review
Authors: Jayachandra M. Y , Gayathiri R. , Aruna C.N. , Bhat Padma K. , Arumugam P.M.
Published: March 2023

Background:

The burden of oral diseases is increasing, which constitute a major public health problem. The use of probiotics as an adjuvant, along with routine dental care practice by an individual, can produce additional benefits in the maintenance of one's oral health. The study aimed to investigate the effect of Bifidobacterium as a probiotic on oral health.

Material and Methods:

Six databases and registers were searched from the start of the database to December 2021 without any restrictions. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the clinical effects of Bifidobacterium as a probiotic on oral health were included in the study. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed to conduct this systematic review. The included studies were analyzed for the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trial (RoB 2) tool as well as quality of available evidence using GRADE criteria.

Results:

From the 22 qualified studies, four studies showed non-significant results. There was a high risk of bias in 13 studies and some concerns of bias in nine studies. No adverse effects were reported, and the quality of available evidence was moderate.

Conclusion:

The effect of Bifidobacterium on oral health is questionable. Further high-quality RCTs are required on the clinical effects of bifidobacteria and also the optimum level of probiotic needed, and ideal mode of administration to provide oral health benefits. Furthermore, synergistic effects of the combined use of various strains of probiotics need to be studied.
Immediate autotransplantation of a mandibular premolar with complete roots to a fractured tooth site, using platelet-rich fibrin in an orthodontic patient, report of a case
Authors: Alijani Sara , Ghamari Ali , Saleh Azadeh Kazemi , Salehzadeh Maryam
Published: March 2023

Transplantation of one tooth to another site in the same individual can be considered an attractive alternative to dental implants or fixed prostheses. This study reports the treatment results of a 16-year-old female with severe crowding in upper and lower arches and a fractured mandibular premolar with a poor prognosis. The crowding of the lower left quadrant was relieved by the extraction of the first premolar. This extracted tooth with a complete root was transplanted to the right quadrant with the fractured tooth. Platelet-rich fibrin can stimulate and accelerate periodontal healing. The platelet concentrate of this patient was prepared and applied to the socket wall at the time of surgery. The acceptable occlusion and the excellent 4-year prognosis of the transplanted tooth are presented.
Lithium metasilicate glass-ceramic fabrication using spark plasma sintering
Authors: Khodaei Mohammad , Nejatidanesh Farahnaz , Savabi Omid , Tayebi Lobat
Published: March 2023

Background:

The digital dentistry, requires materials with wo opposite properties of machining ability and also enough hardness. The main objective of this experimental study was to investigate the fabrication feasibility of the lithium metasilicate glass-ceramic in partially crystalized stated using the spark plasma sintering (SPS) method.

Materials and Methods:

In this study, SPS for the first time was used to fabricate primary lithium metasilicate glass-ceramic (LMGC) blocks. The raw materials were mixed and melted and then quenched in water and the resulted frits were grinded. The resulting powder was sintered by SPS at 660, 680, and 700°C.

Results:

Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Vicker's microhardness assay were used to evaluate the properties of samples. Statistical comparison of the obtained data was performed by ANOVA, followed by the post hoc test of Duncan. Microstructural studies by SEM and XRD showed that all samples were composed of lithium metasilicate phase in a glassy matrix. With increasing the sintering temperature, the number and size of lithium metasilicate particles increased and higher mechanical properties have been achieved. However, the sintered sample at 700°C has less processing ability than the samples sintered at 660 and 680°C.

Conclusion:

The optimum sintering temperature for glass frit consolidation was determined by SPS at 680°C.
Web design software to record the characteristics of children with cleft palate/cleft lip
Authors: Irani Soussan , Miresmaeili Amirfahang , Hamadani Hamed Shahidi
Published: March 2023

Background:

Cleft lip (CL) and cleft palate (CP) are among the most common birth defects in the craniofacial region affected by various environmental and genetic factors. The prevalence of these abnormalities varies in races and countries. Therefore, it is a necessity to design a website to register newborns with CL ± CP in Iran. This study aimed to design a website to record the characteristics of children with CL ± CP.

Materials and Methods:

First, a website was designed to register the characteristics of children with CL ± CP. To evaluate the accuracy of the website, the characteristics of all children (n = 31) with CL ± CP were recorded and analyzed.

Results:

Due to the capability of the website to print and create reports in Excel format, the data of registered patients were analyzed.

Conclusion:

As CL ± CP are very common defects around the world including Iran, it is necessary to design a website to record all information about these children in Iran. Hope this website helps the public health authorities to improve program effectiveness to treat these children.
The salivary alpha-amylase concentration in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A case–control study
Authors: Pakravan Fahimeh , Isfahani Mehdi Nasr , Ghorbani Mateen , Salesi Naghmeh , Salesi Mansour
Published: March 2023

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases. Previous studies have reported an association between stress and salivary alpha-amylase. The aim of this study was to investigate the concentration of salivary alpha-amylase in patients with RA (by elimination of stress factor).

Materials and Methods:

In this case–control study, we enrolled 50 patients with RA and 48 healthy patients as the control group. The perceived stress scale questionnaire was used to evaluate scores of stress in both case and control groups, and then the participants with high scores of stress were excluded from the study. Moreover, the alpha-amylase activity kit was used for the assessment of the levels of salivary alpha-amylase. In all analyses, the significance level was considered to be < 0.05. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed by SPSS22.

Results:

Our results indicated a high score of stress in the case group (19.42 ± 5.83 units) compared with the control group (18.02 ± 6.07 units) which was not statistically significant (P < 0.248). Moreover, we demonstrated a high salivary alpha-amylase concentration in the case group (340.65 ± 38.04 units) compared to the control group (302.62 ± 58.72 units), which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of this method, at >312 alpha-amylase concentrations, were 80% and 46%, respectively.

Conclusion:

In general, we indicated that the alpha-amylase concentration in patients with RA is higher than the healthy controls, and can be used as a codiagnostic factor.
Tapered optical fiber DNA biosensor for detecting Leptospira DNA
Authors: Lam Jia-Yong , Yaacob Mohd Hanif , Chee Hui-Yee
Published: March 2023

Objective:

To establish a DNA detection platform based on a tapered optical fiber to detect Leptospira DNA by targeting the leptospiral secY gene.

Methods:

The biosensor works on the principle of light propagating in the special geometry of the optical fiber tapered from a waist diameter of 125 to 12 µm. The fiber surface was functionalized through a cascade of chemical treatments and the immobilization of a DNA capture probe targeting the secY gene. The presence of the target DNA was determined from the wavelength shift in the optical transmission spectrum.

Results:

The biosensor demonstrated good sensitivity, detecting Leptospira DNA at 0.001 ng/µL, and was selective for Leptospira DNA without cross-reactivity with non-leptospiral microorganisms. The biosensor specifically detected DNA that was specifically amplified through the loop-mediated isothermal amplification approach.

Conclusions:

These findings warrant the potential of this platform to be developed as a novel alternative approach to diagnose leptospirosis.
A Case of Takayasu Arteritis Presenting with Sensorineural Hearing Loss as First Manifestation
Authors: Baluni Priya , Duggal Damanjit
Published: March 2023

We report the case of a 26-year-old male patient diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis after 4 years of first manifestation. He developed sensorineural hearing loss in left ear, followed 2 years later by acute onset paraparesis and hypertension, and followed another 2 years later by short duration of upper backache, chest pain, palpitations, and breathlessness. On examination, he had hypertension without any significant blood pressure (BP) difference within arms with all peripheral pulses palpable. Diagnosis confirmed with computerized tomography aortography showing multifocal wall thickenings in entire aorta. In our case, the first presentation was otological followed 2 years later by hypertension. Our report points toward fact that hypertension, though the most common, may not be the first manifestation and characteristic examination finding of BP difference, and pulselessness may not be seen in all cases. High risk of suspicion and early use of specific investigation in cases of multisystem involvement in young hypertension are crucial for timely diagnosis.
Re-emergence of Monkeypox
Authors: Babu Abhinandh , Nair Chithira V , Moni Merlin , Sathyapalan Dipu Thareparambil
Published: March 2023

Monkeypox (MPX), a zoonotic disease caused by an orthopoxvirus, results in a smallpox-like disease in humans. The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) reported the first human cases of MPX in 1970. Before 2000, outbreaks of MPX were regularly reported in Africa Apart from the outbreaks in Congo (2007–2011) and Nigeria (2017–2018), the current outbreak includes mostly men who identified themselves as gay, bisexual or other men who have sex with men. Along with the COVID-19 pandemic, the recent rise in the number of MPX cases reported from non-endemic nations has sounded global concerns and warnings. The current outbreak of MPX in Western countries seems to be a milder disease with reported mortality only of 0.04%. However, according to the World Health Organization, rates of MPX deaths have been between 3% and 6% in recent years, and have reached 11% in the past. This review examines the existing scientific understanding of the disease and highlights the key difference from the classic description of MPX to that of the current epidemic and to provide insight into its changing epidemiology and clinical manifestations.
Different Natures of Reality Inform Different Realities of Nature
Authors: Htoo Man Han Chit , Steenhuisen Bram , Verschuuren Bas
Published: March 2023

Karen people's interactions with the forest are informed by their ontologies. Important aspects of these ontologies are the influence of spirits, the cycle of the moon and communication with nonhumans. We foreground that Karen ontologies and knowledge systems are heterogeneous yet different from other ontologies and knowledge systems informing forest conservation in Myanmar (Burma). We recognise that interaction between Karen people and other conservation actors needs to be understood in the context of socio-economic and transformative political factors and is affected by spirits and other nonhumans. Based on empirical research, we argue that Indigenous people and conservationists can better support each other if they are each understood concerning their own ontology. This way, spirits and other nonhumans can be recognised as having agency in forest management and governance. We demonstrate how spirits, nonhumans and religious beliefs affect Indigenous ontologies and prompt us to think of ontologies as heterogeneous and overlapping. We conclude that moving past Eurocentric dualisms opens up new ways to think about how different ontologies inform our ideas about what is considered important in making forest conservation in Myanmar more sustainable and socially equitable.
Initial Results of Halifax Nail in Elderly Intertrochanteric Fracture
Authors: Kumar Akhilesh , Das Joydeep , Majhi Phagu Ram , Raman Rajeev
Published: March 2023

Background:

Variety of implants (extramedullary and intramedullary) are available to fix intertrochanteric (IT) fracture but hardly any data is available that proves the superiority of one over other. Every implant is having its own advantage and disadvantages. The aim of this study is to analyze the results of Halifax nail in age group of 60 to 100 year age group.

Materials and Methods:

Total 15 cases of intertrochanteric fracture operated using Halifax nail in which youngest patient was 60 years male and oldest was 95 years female.13 cases operated in same hospital and 2 in two different hospitals. These patient were chosen randomly among elderly IT fracture admitted in hospital during August 2017 to January 2019. Results are analyze in term of Mobilization, pain control, union time, implant failure. Final outcome was evaluated as per Harris Hip Score.

Result:

Among 15 cases,13 follow up available, 2 patient were lost in follow up after natural death. Out of 13 patients (n = 13), 7 showed excellent, 5 showed good and one patient showed poor result as per Harris Hip Score.

Conclusion:

Results of Halifax nail for IT fractures in elderly was found to be highly encouraging. All patients had early union and none had implant failure. Early mobilization and negligible mortality and morbidity were other added advantages.