bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
„Blicken wir in die Originalausgabe!“
Authors: Jansohn Christa , Plachta Bodo
Published: October 2021

With his contributions both to textual criticism and editorial methodology, Michael Bernays substantially shaped the field of scholarly editorial practice in the nineteenth century. While his treatise of 1866, Über Kritik und Geschichte des Goetheschen Textes (On the Critical Reception and History of Goethe’s Texts), has come to be recognized as one of ‘foundational’ documents of editorial theory and practice, his 1872 analysis of the gestation and emergence of August Wilhelm Schlegel’s Shakespeare translations (Zur Entstehungsgeschichte des Schlegelschen Shakespeare –
The Creation of Schlegel’s Shakespeare), as well as his conception of a new and revised edition of the Schlegel-Tieck translation (1871–1873, 1892), have both until now attracted very little attention. This article attempts to provide a more precise account of Bernays’ text-critical methodology, and to set his editorial deliberations over the Schlegel-Tieck translation in the broader context of contemporary endeavours to create a ‘German’ Shakespeare.
Enhanced prompt trigger optical switching using nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator for application on all-optical AND/NAND and OR/NOR logic function
Authors: Bouaouina Mohamed Salah , Lebbal Mohamed Redha , Bouchemat Mohamed , Bouchemat Touraya
Published: October 2021

Nowadays, the development of optical telecommunication systems requires more efficient all-optical elements appreciation to their high data transmission speeds and reduced electromagnetic interferences. In this work, our objective is to attest by simulation a design of an optical switch using 2D photonic crystals from polystyrene, an organic polymeric material with high Kerr non-linearity. This excellent ultra-fast switching leads us to the exploited in the construction of two new structures of all-optical AND/NAND and OR/NOR logic gates. These structures based on non-linear ring resonator NRR of different radius in order to operate a telecom wavelength of 1550.3 µm using RSoft (Full-Wave) software. The average contrast intensity is between 15.52 and 23.42 dB and low delay time varied from 20 fs to 5.0 ps. Hence, resulting a very high output signal for ON-switching (82–130% of P
in) and a weak signal for OFF-switching (0.2–7% of P
in) through a minimum threshold power around of 1.2 mW/μm2.
Epitranscriptomic modifications in acute myeloid leukemia: m6A and 2′-O-methylation as targets for novel therapeutic strategies
Authors: Pauli Cornelius , Kienhöfer Michael , Göllner Stefanie , Müller-Tidow Carsten
Published: October 2021

Modifications of RNA commonly occur in all species. Multiple enzymes are involved as writers, erasers and readers of these modifications. Many RNA modifications or the respective enzymes are associated with human disease and especially cancer. Currently, the mechanisms how RNA modifications impact on a large number of intracellular processes are emerging and knowledge about the pathogenetic role of RNA modifications increases. In Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), the N
6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification has emerged as an important modulator of leukemogenesis. The writer proteins METTL3 and METTL14 are both involved in AML pathogenesis and might be suitable therapeutic targets. Recently, close links between 2′-O-methylation (2′-O-me) of ribosomal RNA and leukemogenesis were discovered. The AML1-ETO oncofusion protein which specifically occurs in a subset of AML was found to depend on induction of snoRNAs and 2′-O-me for leukemogenesis. Also, NPM1, an important tumor suppressor in AML, was associated with altered snoRNAs and 2′-O-me. These findings point toward novel pathogenetic mechanisms and potential therapeutic interventions. The current knowledge and the implications are the topic of this review.
An Automated Approach to Improve the Quantification of Pericytes and Microglia in Whole Mouse Brain Sections
Authors: Courtney Jo-Maree , Morris Gary P. , Cleary Elise M. , Howells David W. , Sutherland Brad A.
Published: October 2021

Whole slide scanning technology has enabled the generation of high-resolution images from complete tissue sections. However, commonly used analysis software is often unable to handle the large data files produced. Here, we present a method using the open-source software QuPath to detect, classify and quantify fluorescently-labeled cells (microglia and pericytes) in whole coronal brain tissue sections. Whole-brain sections from both male and female NG2DsRed x CX3CR1+/GFPmice were analyzed. Small regions of interest were selected and manual counts were compared with counts generated from an automated approach, across a range of detection parameters. The optimal parameters for detecting cells and classifying them as microglia or pericytes in each brain region were determined and applied to annotations corresponding to the entire somatosensory and motor cortices, hippocampus, thalamus, and hypothalamus in each section. 3.74% of all detected cells were classified as pericytes; however, this proportion was significantly higher in the thalamus (6.20%) than in other regions. In contrast, microglia (4.51% of total cells) were more abundant in the cortex (5.54%). No differences were detected between male and female mice. In conclusion, QuPath offers a user-friendly solution to whole-slide image analysis which could lead to important new discoveries in both health and disease.
Hippocampus–Prefrontal Coupling Regulates Recognition Memory for Novelty Discrimination
Authors: Wang Cong , Furlong Teri M. , Stratton Peter G. , Lee Conrad C. Y. , Xu Li , Merlin Sam , Nolan Chris , Arabzadeh Ehsan , Marek Roger , Sah Pankaj
Published: October 2021

Recognition memory provides the ability to distinguish familiar from novel objects and places, and is important for recording and updating events to guide appropriate behavior. The hippocampus (HPC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) have both been implicated in recognition memory, but the nature of HPC–mPFC interactions, and its impact on local circuits in mediating this process is not known. Here we show that novelty discrimination is accompanied with higher theta activity (4–10 Hz) and increased c-Fos expression in both these regions. Moreover, theta oscillations were highly coupled between the HPC and mPFC during recognition memory retrieval for novelty discrimination, with the HPC leading the mPFC, but not during initial learning. Principal neurons and interneurons in the mPFC responded more strongly during recognition memory retrieval compared with learning. Optogenetic silencing of HPC input to the mPFC disrupted coupled theta activity between these two structures, as well as the animals' (male Sprague Dawley rats) ability to differentiate novel from familiar objects. These results reveal a key role of monosynaptic connections between the HPC and mPFC in novelty discrimination via theta coupling and identify neural populations that underlie this recognition memory-guided behavior.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMany memory processes are highly dependent on the interregional communication between the HPC and mPFC via neural oscillations. However, how these two brain regions coordinate their oscillatory activity to engage local neural populations to mediate recognition memory for novelty discrimination is poorly understood. This study revealed that the HPC and mPFC theta oscillations and their temporal coupling is correlated with recognition memory-guided behavior. During novel object recognition, the HPC drives mPFC interneurons to effectively reduce the activity of principal neurons. This study provides the first evidence for the requirement of the HPC–mPFC pathway to mediate recognition memory for novelty discrimination and describes a mechanism for how this memory is regulated.
Triglyceride glycemic index as a biomarker for gestational diabetes mellitus: a systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Yusen , Chi Ruiwen , Jiang Yujie , Chen Bicheng , Chen Youli , Chen Zengrui
Published: October 2021

Background

Triglyceride glycemic (TyG) index is a novel tool for assessing insulin resistance (IR). Recently, TyG index as a potential biomarker for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been studied, but its performance is yet inconclusive. Thus, we performed this systemic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the performance of TyG index in predicting GDM.

Methods

Studies published before March 1, 2021, with comparison of TyG index between GDM patients and healthy controls were retrieved from multiple databases (PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and Embase). The mean difference (MD) of TyG index in GDM patients and healthy controls was pooled using random-effect models.

Results

Differentiation of TyG index between patients with GDM and controls showed significant results. Overall, there is a four-fold increase in TyG index in GDM patients compared with controls (MD: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.07–0.36, P = 0.003; I2 = 71%, P = 0.009). In subgroup analyses according to gestational time, TyG index in the second trimester predicted GDM with low heterogeneity (MD: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.15–0.37, P < 0.001; I2 = 0%, P = 0.54), while no such correlation was found in the first trimester.

Conclusion

TyG index, especially in the second trimester, could be a promising biomarker for predicting GDM.
Sobre os efectos da preterición de descendentes no dereito sucesorio galego
Authors: Carballo Fidalgo Marta
Published: October 2021

No presente traballo analízase a Resolución da Dirección General de Seguridad Jurídica y Fe Pública, onde se establecen criterios cuestionables en torno aos requisitos que debe cumprir unha escritura de aceptación e adxudicación de dúas herdanzas, cando a filla común dos causantes foi preterida no testamento do esposo primeiramente morto.
Joint Application of Diagenetic, Petrophysical and Geomechanical Data for Selecting Hydraulic Fracturing Candidate Zone
Authors: Bakhshi E. , Shahrabadi A. , Golsanami N. , Seyedsajadi Sh. , Liu X. , Wang Z.
Published: October 2021

The more comprehensive information on the reservoir properties will help to better plan drilling and design production. Herein, diagenetic processes and geomechanical properties are notable parameters that determine reservoir quality. Recognizing the geomechanical properties of the reservoir as well as building a mechanical earth model play a strong role in the hydrocarbon reservoir life cycle and are key factors in analyzing wellbore instability, drilling operation optimization, and hydraulic fracturing designing operation. Therefore, the present study focuses on selecting the candidate zone for hydraulic fracturing through a novel approach that simultaneously considers the diagenetic, petrophysical, and geomechanical properties. The diagenetic processes were analyzed to determine the porosity types in the reservoir. After that, based on the laboratory test results for estimating reservoir petrophysical parameters, the zones with suitable reservoir properties were selected. Moreover, based on the reservoir geomechanical parameters and the constructed mechanical earth model, the best zones were selected for hydraulic fracturing operation in one of the Iranian fractured carbonate reservoirs. Finally, a new empirical equation for estimating pore pressure in nine zones of the studied well was developed. This equation provides a more precise estimation of stress profiles and thus leads to more accurate decision-making for candidate zone selection. Based on the results, vuggy porosity was the best porosity type, and zones C2, E2 and G2, having suitable values of porosity, permeability, and water saturation, showed good reservoir properties. Therefore, zone E2 and G2 were chosen as the candidate for hydraulic fracturing simulation based on their E (Young’s modulus) and ν (Poisson’s ratio) values. Based on the mechanical earth model and changes in the acoustic data versus depth, a new equation is introduced for calculating the pore pressure in the studied reservoir. According to the new equation, the dominant stress regime in the whole well, especially in the candidate zones, is SigHmax>SigV>Sighmin, while according to the pore pressure equation presented in the literature, the dominant stress regime in the studied well turns out to be SigHmax>Sighmin>SigV.
Survery of healthcare professionals to assess the awareness, knowledge and self-reported behavior regarding recent fluoroquinolones safety issues
Authors: Huruba Madalina , Farcas Andreea , Leucuta Daniel Corneliu , Sipos Mariana , Mogosan Cristina
Published: October 2021

Background and aims. The impact of fluoroquinolone (FQ)-induced long-lasting, disabling, and potentially irreversible serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) on the overall benefit-risk balance and the need for adequate risk minimization measures has been recently assessed. The present study aims to evaluate physicians and pharmacists' awareness and knowledge of the recent safety issues communicated through a direct healthcare professional communication (DHPC), regarding FQs, at a national level, in Romania, as well as healthcare professionals (HPs) self-reported behavior regarding the management of the risk.

Methods. Cross-sectional, online survey study, conducted in Romania.

Results. A total of 127 participants responded to the survey. Six (4.7%) were physicians and 121 (95.3%) were pharmacists. The predominant age was 31-40 years (N=52, 40.9%), and most respondents were females (N=117, 92.1%). A majority of 101 (79.5%) were reportedly aware of the existence of the new safety issues associated with FQs, and slightly less were aware of the DHPC (N=86, 67.7%) issued in 2019. In terms of knowledge, slightly more than half of the respondents had correctly selected the responses regarding key safety messages on most important ADRs and restrictions / cautions for use. The impact of the communication on HPs self-reported behavior was high or very high in almost half of the participants (N=63, 49.6%).

Conclusions. A high percentage of participants were aware of the FQ-associated safety concerns. Knowledge was relatively good for the key safety concerns among HPs. A notable impact on behavior was observed, mostly in terms of counselling of the patient and disseminating the information to colleagues.
Immanuel Kant and the Question of Certainty in Politics
Authors: Jokubaitis Alvydas
Published: October 2021

Researchers of Kant’s political philosophy have not paid enough attention to the problem of certainty in politics which is inseparable from the distinction between phenomenon and noumenon. The primacy of practical reason means that morality has a higher value than knowledge. This is a fundamental presupposition of Kant’s philosophy. However, this emphasis on the importance of morality leads to the problematic question of certainty in politics. The recognition of the primacy of morality seems to lead to a situation where politics loses the certainty that belongs to the sphere of noumenon. Such a situation seems to lead to an impossible situation when the distinction between phenomenon and noumenon reappears in the theory of practical reason. The paper puts forward a thesis that for Kant morality is the only ground that allows speaking about the certainty of politics. However, his understanding of certainty in politics has its drawbacks. Politics is dependent not only on the ontology of morality that was emphasized by Kant, but it is also dependent on the kind of certainty that one finds in the sphere of interpersonal relationships. Kant did not pay enough attention to this aspect which remains outside the sphere of the universal law of morality.
Žinių valdymo įtaka organizacijos procesų pridėtinės vertės kūrimui
Authors:   , Gribovskis Justas
Published: October 2021

The influence of knowledge management on the creation of value added by business processes
Nuotolinis vaikų ugdymas pandemijos dėl COVID-19 metu: grėsmės ir galimybės ekosisteminiu požiūriu
Authors: Jusienė Roma , Būdienė Virginija , Gintilienė Gražina , Girdzijauskienė Sigita , Stonkuvienė Irena , Žėkaitė Jovita , Adomaitytė Subačienė Ieva , Baukienė Edita , Breidokienė Rima , Buzaitytė-Kašalynienė Jolita , Dragūnevičius Kęstutis , Grabauskienė Vaiva , Praninskienė Rūta , Schoroškienė Vaiva , Speičytė-Ruschhoff Erika , Urbonas Vaidotas
Published: October 2021

Dėl COVID-19 pandemijos paskelbus karantiną, per trumpą laiką turėjo persiorientuoti ir persiorganizuoti visa švietimo sistema, kai vaikų ugdymo (dalykinio, socialinio, net fizinio) forma pakeista iš tiesioginės į nuotolinio ugdymo formą. Šis nenumatytų sąlygų sukeltas staigus pokytis paveikė ugdymo proceso dalyvių (vaikų, tėvų, mokytojų) sąveiką, įsitraukimą ir vaidmenis ugdymo procese; ugdymo aplinką, turinį ir pobūdį. Tai analogų neturinti patirtis, kurią būtina tirti idant būtų geriau pasirengta galimoms ateities krizėms. Todėl įvairių sričių ir krypčių - edukologijos, psichologijos, socialinio darbo, sociologijos ir medicinos mokslininkai susijungė bendram tyrimo projektui „Nuotolinis vaikų ugdymas pandemijos dėl COVID-19 metu: grėsmės bei galimybės ekosisteminiu požiūriu“, kurį 2020 m. birželio – gruodžio mėnesiais finansavo Lietuvos mokslo taryba (sutarties Nr. S-COV-20-11). Pagrindinis šio projekto tikslas - visapusiškai analizuoti privalomo nuotolinio ugdymo(si) iššūkius ugdymo procesui ir jo dalyviams (vaikams, tėvams, ugdytojams), grėsmes ir galimybes priešmokyklinių ir pirmų - aštuntų klasių vaikų fizinei ir psichikos sveikatai, saugumui ir mokymosi sėkmei bei parengti rekomendacijas švietimo, socialinės politikos formuotojams ir vykdytojams, mokyklų vadovams, mokytojams ir tėvams. Ši mokslo studija - tai labai intensyvaus plataus tyrimo, atlikto per trumpą laiką daugiadisciplininės mokslininkų komandos, rezultatas.
EFFECTS OF MICROWAVE ROASTING TIME ON PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND SENSORY EVALUATION OF GERMINATED RED BROWN RICE MILK
Authors: Le Tuan Quoc , Quoc Le Nhat
Published: October 2021

The study was aimed to investigate the effects of different microwave heating times (1, 2, and 3 min at output microwave of 800 W) in comparison with the traditional heating (3 min, 110oC) on some physico-chemical properties and sensory evaluation. The consumer survey for the final product use was also conducted to determine whether there is a significant difference in general liking of the product with gender. The results indicated that the product with the shorter microwave heating time contained higher protein and reducing sugar compared to traditional heating. The microwave heating time significantly affected the viscosity of milk, whereas insignificantly influenced color, pH, and TSS values of milk. Among samples, microwave roasted at 3 min provided the comparable total acceptance score in sensory evaluation of the traditional heating. The milk contains protein (0.18g/100ml), total lipid (0.87g/100ml), and carbohydrate (7.56g/100ml). No significant association between gender and opinion was found expressing the liking of the product in which there were 61.35% females and 45.58% males liking the product. This study revealed that microwave heating could be used for roasting step to replace the traditional roasting in terms of product quality and nutrient retention. The study also provided a basic formula of the main components of the rice milk and demonstrated that the using the germinated red-brown rice to produce the rice milk could provide the product, ensuring all main compositions of rice such as protein, lipid, and carbohydrate.
Pre-dilation and Post-dilation in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Indications, Benefits and Risks
Authors: McInerney Angela , Vera-Urquiza Rafael , Tirado-Conte Gabriela , Marroquin Luis , Jimenez-Quevedo Pilar , Nuñez-Gil Iván , Pozo Eduardo , Gonzalo Nieves , de Agustín Jose Alberto , Escaned Javier , Fernández-Ortiz Antonio , Macaya Carlos , Nombela-Franco Luis
Published: October 2021

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is an established treatment for patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis. In recent years, an emphasis has been placed on simplification of the procedure. Balloon predilation was initially considered a mandatory step to cross and prepare the stenotic aortic valve, but several studies demonstrated the feasibility of performing TAVR without balloon valvuloplasty. Balloon postdilation of the implanted valve is sometimes required to optimise results, although many patients do not require this step. Contemporary consensus advocates an individualised approach to TAVR procedures and so balloon pre- and post-dilation are performed selectively. This review aims to outline the advantages and disadvantages of balloon pre- and post-dilation and to identify the scenarios in which they are required during TAVR procedures.
Human-bat interactions in central Colombia: Regional perceptions of a worldwide fragile life zone
Authors: Ramírez Fráncel Leidy Azucena , García-Herrera Leidy Viviana , Guevara Giovany , Losada-Prado Sergio , K. Lim Burton , Villa-Navarro Francisco Antonio , Reinoso-Flórez Gladys
Published: October 2021

The study of human relationships with other components of the landscape allows us to understand the dynamics of ecological communities and biodiversity. Although there has been an increase in ethnobiological studies, little is known about the interaction between humans and bats. The objective of this study was to evaluate the perceptions and attitudes about bats by people in the fragile life zone of the tropical dry forest of Colombia. We selected four representative areas and evaluated three different aspects: (1) biological and ecological knowledge, (2) uses and cultural beliefs, and (3) interactions between humans and bats. The data were collected through surveys of 18 questions to 197 people with a gender ratio close to parity. The data obtained are presented as descriptive statistics by using a generalized linear model (GLM). The results showed that people's knowledge and attitude towards bats depend on the covariates of education and gender of the respondents. Women (t= 3.76; P=0.004) and people with a higher education level (t=3.65; P<0.004) had positive attitudes towards bats. Although the ecosystem services provided by bats were clearly recognized, the need for conservation were not as obvious. These results indicate that human-bat relationships are complex and may be the result of multiple social and cultural factors. Likewise, these cross-cultural perceptions must be understood and addressed in the development of actions that promote the conservation of bats in tropical forests.
INVESTIGATION OF ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE EXPRESSION IN THE SMALL INTESTINES OF THE BRONZE TURKEY (MELEAGRIS GALLOPAVO)
Authors: Yovchev D. , Penchev G.
Published: October 2021

The aim of our investigation was to study the expression of the enzyme Alkaline phosphatase in the small intestines of the bronze turkey in the age aspect. Forty clinically healthy bronze turkeys (twenty males and twenty females) were studied. The groups of the birds were at age 1, 7, 14, 28, 35, 49, 56, 90, 120, and 240 days. Each group consisted of five males and five female birds. The enzyme’s expression was investigated by Gomori staining. The most significant expression of tissue alkaline phosphatase was observed in the epithelial cells of the duodenum. It was weaker in the jejunum and weakest in the ileum. In the three intestinal segments, high enzyme activity was observed during the first weeks of hatching (from the 1st to the 14th day in the duodenum and ileum, and from the 1st to the 28th day in the jejunum).
Educational program “Communication in the Treatment Process” – description, goals, and theoretical background
Authors:   Ośrodek Edukacji, Badań i Rozwoju, Szpital Kliniczny im. dr. Józefa Babińskiego w Krakowie, Kraków, Polska, Wieczorek Aleksandra , Fusińska-Korpik Agnieszka ,   Ośrodek Edukacji, Badań i Rozwoju, Szpital Kliniczny im. dr. Józefa Babińskiego w Krakowie, Kraków, Polska,   Katedra Psychiatrii, Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego, Kraków, Polska, Cichocki Łukasz ,   Ośrodek Edukacji, Badań i Rozwoju, Szpital Kliniczny im. dr. Józefa Babińskiego w Krakowie, Kraków, Polska,   Katedra Psychiatrii, Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego, Kraków, Polska
Published: October 2021

Effective medical communication is an extremely important aspect of patient-centered medicine. It allows for achieving better treatment outcomes and is of key importance in the case of patients experiencing mental problems. Research clearly indicates that the quality of communication is a fundamental element of medical services, which not only affects patient satisfaction, but can also reduce the risk of burnout among staff who have contact with patients. A sense of mutual understanding translates into trust and contributes to more conscientious adherence to medical recommendations. Considering the cooperation of all medical and non-medical personnel, high-quality communication reduces the risk of tensions and conflicts, as well as the number of complaints reported by patients. Both research findings and our own experience show that individuals with mental disorders often feel misunderstood, stigmatised, or ignored by healthcare personnel. Based on the above assumptions, the experts from Józef Babiński Specialist Hospital in Kraków developed their own program entitled “Communication in the Treatment Process.” It was implemented in 2018 by the Ministry of Health among over 2,500 professionals in the Małopolskie and Podkarpackie provinces. The aim of the project was to improve the communication skills of medical and non-medical personnel in the context of communication with patients with mental disorders. The paper describes in detail the theoretical background, the goals, and the course of the program.
Deflating Fascism in Max Steiner’s Score for The Most Dangerous Game
Authors: Lee Michael
Published: October 2021

This article examines Max Steiner’s original score for the 1932 RKO Production of The Most Dangerous Game. Steiner’s score quotes from a piece of piano music, “Russian Waltz,” which he composed for the film’s villain, Count Zaroff, to play within the film’s diegesis. His vast orchestral underscore liberally quotes the main motif of his piano work. Using a hermeneutic approach, the article argues that Steiner’s orchestral underscore reinforces the film’s anti-fascist narrative potentials by linking Count Zaroff’s motif to his enterprise of hunting human beings and specifically to the sexual satisfaction the Count draws from his gruesome fetish. The motif itself undergoes a myriad of expansions and contractions, intensifications and relaxations, charting the ups and downs of Zaroff’s fortunes. Based on archival research, hermeneutic analysis, and a close reading of both the film and its source material, the article concludes that Steiner participated in crafting an anti-fascist film at a signal moment in history.
Philip Furia and Laurie Patterson. The Songs of Hollywood
Authors: Roth-Burnette Jennifer L.
Published: October 2021

Reprint Edition. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. [x, 280 p. ISBN: 978-0199931750. $31.50 (hardcover)] Illustrations, filmography, index, and song index
The Cognitive Evaluation of Survey Items Related to Vaccine Hesitance and Confidence for Inclusion on a Series of Short Questionnaire Sets
Authors: Scanlon Paul , Jamoom Eric Jamoom
Published: October 2021

This report presents findings from the evaluation of a set of questions considered for inclusion in a series of short attitudinal questionnaire on hesitance and acceptance of childhood vaccination.
Attractiveness of the facial profile: comparison of Class II patients treated with Twin Force® or intermaxillary elastics
Authors: POZZA Otávio Augusto , CANÇADO Rodrigo Hermont , VALARELLI Fabricio Pinelli , FREITAS Karina Maria Salvatore , OLIVEIRA Renata Cristina , OLIVEIRA Ricardo Cesar Gobbi de
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the facial profile attractiveness of Class II patients treated with Twin Force® or intermaxillary elastics. Methods: Sample comprised 47 Class II patients divided into two groups: G1) TWIN FORCE - 25 patients treated with fixed appliances and Twin Force® fixed functional appliance (mean initial age was 17.91 ± 7.13 years, mean final age was 20.45 ± 7.18 years, and mean treatment time was 2.53 ± 0.83 years); G2) ELASTICS - 22 patients treated with fixed appliances and Class II intermaxillary elastics (mean initial age was 15.87 ± 5.64 years, mean final age was 18.63 ± 5.79 years and mean treatment time was 2.75 ± 0.60 years). Lateral cephalograms from pretreatment and posttreatment were used. Cephalometric variables were measured and silhouettes of facial profile were constructed and evaluated by 48 laypeople and 63 orthodontists, rating the attractiveness from 0 (most unattractive profile) to 10 (most attractive profile). Intergroup comparisons were performed with Mann-Whitney and independent t-tests. Results: At pretreatment, facial profile of the Twin Force® group was less attractive than the Elastics group. Treatment with Twin Force® or Class II elastics resulted in similar facial profile attractiveness, but the facial convexity was more reduced in the Twin Force® group. Orthodontists were more critical than laypeople. Conclusions: Treatment with Twin Force® or Class II elastics produced similar facial profile attractiveness at posttreatment. Profile attractiveness was reduced with treatment in the elastic group, and improved in the Twin Force® group. Facial convexity was more reduced with treatment in the Twin Force® group.
PERSPECTIVAS DE ESTUDANTES UNIVERSITÁRIOS ACERCA DE SEUS PROCESSOS DE ESCOLARIZAÇÃO NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: De Sousa Teixeira Jorge Samuel , De Paula Sousa Erica , Silva Vasconcelos Francisca Denise
Published: October 2021

Esse trabalho tem como objetivo conhecer as percepções que alunos universitários provenientes de escolas públicas têm sobre os processos de leitura e escrita no período de escolarização referente à etapa de Ensino Fundamental: Anos Iniciais e Anos Finais. Para isso, foram escolhidos como semiestruturados com 13 estudantes do curso de Psicologia da Universidade Federal do Ceará - Campus Sobral, sendo posteriormente realizada uma Análise Temática dos dados coletados. Foi possível perceber que as metodologias tradicionais de ensino ainda estão bastante presentes no cotidiano escolar, impondo, dessa forma, certas dificuldades que possibilitem uma leitura crítica e uma escrita reflexiva.Além disso, os aspectos socioeconômicos e as diferenças curriculares aparecem como fatores fundamentais a promoção, sobretudo no que diz respeito ao desempenho acadêmico e à relação dos estudantes com os hábitos de ler e escrever. Conclui-se que aa presença de metodologias alinhadas a traços tradicionais e conservadoras limitam como possibilidades de construção do conhecimento no interior das salas de aula, e as questões que atravessam os aspectos socioeconômicos e curriculares impactam a forma direta no desempenho escolar dos estudantes.
A Survey of Algorithms for Black-Box Safety Validation of Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Corso Anthony , Moss Robert , Koren Mark , Lee Ritchie , Kochenderfer Mykel
Published: October 2021

Autonomous cyber-physical systems (CPS) can improve safety and efficiency for safety-critical applications, but require rigorous testing before deployment. The complexity of these systems often precludes the use of formal verification and real-world testing can be too dangerous during development. Therefore, simulation-based techniques have been developed that treat the system under test as a black box operating in a simulated environment. Safety validation tasks include finding disturbances in the environment that cause the system to fail (falsification), finding the most-likely failure, and estimating the probability that the system fails. Motivated by the prevalence of safety-critical artificial intelligence, this work provides a survey of state-of-the-art safety validation techniques for CPS with a focus on applied algorithms and their modifications for the safety validation problem. We present and discuss algorithms in the domains of optimization, path planning, reinforcement learning, and importance sampling. Problem decomposition techniques are presented to help scale algorithms to large state spaces, which are common for CPS. A brief overview of safety-critical applications is given, including autonomous vehicles and aircraft collision avoidance systems. Finally, we present a survey of existing academic and commercially available safety validation tools.
Características composicionales y calidad higiénica de leche de cabra de sistemas de producción de la provincia de García Rovira, Santander (Colombia)
Authors: Torres Ruda Daniel Felipe , Torres Cruz Mónica Zayné , Joya Cardenas Carlos Ariel , Castellanos Duarte Frank Anderson
Published: October 2021

Introducción: La leche caprina es reconocida como un alimento con compuestos de alto valor biológico dada su composición y sus características intrínsecas, por lo que alcanza un alto reconocimiento y valor comercial, sin embargo, los sistemas de producción de la región se han desarrollado de manera aislada, sin acompañamiento técnico, ausencia de registros y baja inclusión tecnológica, desconociendo los valores mínimos de calidad a través de normativas que regulen su producción y comercialización. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue reconocer características de composición y calidad higiénica de la leche de cabra. Metodología: Análisis los parámetros fisicoquímicos densidad (g/cm3), grasa (%), sólidos no grasos (SNG) (%), proteína (%) y punto crioscópico (°C) utilizando el analizador de leche ultrasónico Milkana Kam 98-2A marca Ekomilk®. en unidades productivas-UP ubicadas en la provincia de García Rovira en el departamento de Santander. Resultados: Los valores promedio para las variables fisicoquímicas fueron: 4,44 ±1,66 %, en grasa, 3,31 ± 0,24 % en proteína, 8,77±0,65 % en sólidos no grasos -SNG, 1,031±0,03 g/cm3 para densidad y, -0,561 ± 0,06 °C para el punto crioscópico; la prueba azul de reductasa -TRAM mostró que el 73 % de la leche se califica como grado II y III, lo cual es aceptado para el consumo humano, además, el 80 % de los animales de las unidades productivas -UP evaluados fueron negativos a la prueba de California Mastitis Test -CMT. Conclusión: Estos datos contribuyen con información referencial fundamental para apoyar la estructuración de aspectos de carácter normativo para la comercialización de leche de cabra en el país.
Black Pennant has reached the Carpathian Basin! : The first occurrence of Selysiothemis nigra in Hungary (Odonata: Libellulidae)
Authors: Mészáros Ádám
Published: October 2021

A fresh, female specimen of Selysiothemis nigra (Vander Linden, 1825) (Odonata: Anisoptera: Libellulidae) was found on a meadow at Káptalantóti, on the Balaton Uplands, Hungary. The species is a well-known migrant from Africa and Asia. In Europe, it is known from coastal areas of the Mediterranean and the Black Seas. The first record from Hungary as well as from the Carpathian Basin is presented. With 2 figures.
The tropical butterflies and skippers of Tobias Koy’s collection (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea)
Authors: Bálint Zsolt , Katona Gergely , Tóth Balázs
Published: October 2021

The collection of Tobias Koy (1757–1829) includes the oldest Lepidoptera specimens preserved in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, originating from the turn of 18th and 19th centuries. These are kept in individual glassine trays. Several trays contain a specimen of exotic (non-European) species, as well as of species discovered in Europe after the death of Koy. We assume that trays containing specimens with these two kinds of origin were arranged by Imre Frivaldszky, so as to display the most valuable peculiarities of Koy’s collection. Twelve exotic specimens are listed and characterised. The 150th anniversary of the death of Imre Frivaldszky gives the special actuality of this paper. With 17 figures.
Preparations for the new Checklist of the Diptera of Hungary: Milichiidae
Authors: Papp László
Published: October 2021

Madiza dravensis sp. n., Phyllomyza botulipalpis sp. n., Phyllomyza irinae sp. n. and Phyllomyza kiskunsagiensis sp. n. are described from Hungary. Phyllomyza formicae Schmitz, 1923 is new for the fauna of Hungary. New faunistical data are given for other 13 milichiid species. With 33 figures.
A contribution to the knowledge of Thorictus Germar, 1834 from Afghanistan (Coleoptera: Dermestidae: Thorictinae)
Authors: Háva Jiří
Published: October 2021

Thorictus merkli sp. n. from Afghanistan is described, illustrated and compared with similar species. With 5 figures.
Análisis de la transmisión psíquica inconsciente en algunas familias del ICBF intervenidas por maltrato infantil
Authors: Quintero-Gaviria Jaime Andrés
Published: October 2021

Objetivo. En este artículo de reflexión se propone un análisis de los procesos de transmisión psíquica y subjetivación en algunas familias del ICBF (regional Caldas, centro zonal norte) intervenidas por maltrato infantil. Metodología. Aproximación hermenéutica a partir de las narrativas recogidas a través de una serie de entrevistas a profundidad realizadas a profesionales de los equipos psicosociales del ICBF (regional Caldas, centro zonal norte). Resultados. La transmisión psíquica inconsciente del vínculo familiar que conforman las madres y los hijos de algunas familias intervenidas, comprenden tres contenidos psíquicos: la lealtad, la rigidez y la falencia de espíritu. Conclusión. Las representaciones psíquicas, conscientes e inconscientes, constituyen el continente psíquico del vínculo familiar que puede ser objeto de repetición o deelaboración psíquica.
Democratic policing: a conceptual framework
Authors: Muntingh Lukas , Faull Andrew , Redpath Jean , Petersen Kristen
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Democratic policing, as opposed to regime policing, must meet at least three requirements: there is democratic accountability of and for the police; the police adhere to the rule of law; and the police behave in a manner that is procedurally fair in service of the public. The article presents a conceptual framework of nine dimensions applicable to different contexts with a view to facilitate policies and practices towards democratic policing. It is argued that the ultimate result being sought is a legitimate police service. If legitimacy is the result, then trust is the outcome preceding it. Legitimacy is dependent on the public's trust that State power will be used in the public interest. Public trust therefore fulfils an important legitimising function. Levels of trust in the police are driven by the police's ability and performance record with reference to three outputs : objectivity, empathy and responsivity. The latter three outputs flow from five input variables, namely: knowledge of what works in creating a safer society from a policing perspective; rights-based policing; accountability of the policing (inclusive of transparency); efficiency and effectiveness of resource utilisation; and the police as citizens also entitled to rights and protections. The utility of the conceptual framework lies in providing a coherent and linked-up view to analyse police organisations and support the development of reform proposals. Keywords: Democratic policing; regime policing; public trust; legitimacy; human rights; police reform; professional policing.
The changing nature of the power of prorogation of Parliament in Lesotho: from absolute prerogative to rationality?
Authors: 'Nyane Hoolo
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT The Constitution of Lesotho vests the power to prorogue parliament in the King. Like all executive powers, the power of prorogation is exercisable on the advice of the Prime Minister. In the past, this power was understood as an absolute prerogative that needed no justification, provided it was done in terms of the Constitution. Successive Prime Ministers in Lesotho have used prorogation as a potent political weapon to ward off any political turbulence in Parliament that posed an existential threat to their governments. These Prime Ministers operated under the long-held view that the power to prorogue Parliament is an absolute prerogative. There are clear indications that this orthodox view is rapidly changing. The recent decision of the Constitutional Court in All Basotho Convention v Prime Minister (2020) seems to be ushering in a new approach. In effect, the decision suggests that it is no longer enough that Parliament can be prorogued in terms of the express provisions of the Constitution; the exercise of such power must also be justifiable. This new approach seems to be in keeping with general trends in public law, namely, that the exercise of public power must not only be sourced in law, but must also be rational. The main question is whether prorogation has indeed drifted from being absolute to being exercisable based on rationality as an incident of the doctrine of legality. The purpose of this article is to investigate this question. Key words: Prorogation; prerogative; Constitution of Lesotho; justification; rationality; justiciability; legality.
hyRAD RNA probes preparation and capture v2
Authors: Suchan Tomasz , Orlando Ludovic
Published: October 2021

Supplemental Information for: Suchan, T., Kusliy, M.A., Khan, N., Chauvey, L., Tonasso-Calvière, L., Schiavinato, S., Southon, J., Keller, M., Kitagawa, K., Krause, J., Bessudnov, A.N., Bessudnov, A.A., Graphodatsky, A.S., Lamas, S.V., Wilczyński, J., Pospuła, S., Tunia, K., Nowak, M., Moskal-delHoyo, M., Tishkin, A.A., Pryor, A.J.E., Outram, A.K., Orlando, L. (2021) Performance and automation of ancient DNA capture with RNA hyRAD probes. Molecular Ecology Resources, doi: 10.1111/1755-0998.13518
Minimum inhibitory concentration of butanol for E. coli KJK01 v1
Authors: not provided Arshshaikh
Published: October 2021

This protocol helps you determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of butanol for E. coli KJK01. However, this technique can be extended to determine the MIC of any metabolite for any strain by making adjustments to the concentration of the metabolite in the starting wells.
Anatomical characteristics of myocardial loops in the adults
Authors: Dmitrieva E G , Iakimov A A
Published: October 2021

Aim. To establish structural features and adjacent anatomy of myocardial loops in the adult and elderly human hearts.

Methods. We studied 100 hearts obtained from adult and elderly people who died from non-cardiac causes. We dissected subepicardial blood vessels and their intramural segments on 60 formalin-fixed hearts. The rate of the cone artery directly originating in the aorta (third coronary artery) was recorded. The number of myocardial loops, their localization and length were determined. We made histological sections from 40 heart specimens from areas of the coronary groove containing myocardial loops. The shortest distances from the coronary sinus and myocardium of the left atrium to the artery, the thickness of the loops, the cross-sectional area of the artery and perivascular space and the ratio of these parameters were measured. The statistical significance of differences was assessed by using the MannWhitney U-test. The relationship between the two qualitative features was identified using the Pearsons 2 test. The Spearmans rank correlation coefficient (R) was used for the correlation analysis.

Results. Macroscopically, myocardial loops were found in 12 (20%) hearts out of 60. More often, they were determined on specimens where the cone artery directly originating in the aorta. Histological examination revealed myocardial loops in 10 (25%) hearts out of 40. They were located above the arteries accompanying the coronary sinus. Their length varied from 8.5 to 44.53 mm (Me=16.68 mm), thickness from 0.16 to 0.58 mm (Me=0.31 mm). Two types of myocardial loops (arterial and arteriovenous), differing in thickness (p=0.045), were distinguished.

Conclusion. The myocardial loops are predominantly located on the diaphragmatic surface of the heart in the left half of the coronary groove over the arteries accompanying the coronary sinus, while the artery can pass in the myocardial loop separately from the veins or in the sleeve of the coronary sinus; the presence of myocardial loops is associated with the independent aortic origin of the cone artery.
Complicated destructive appendicitis: finding the optimal treatment method
Authors: Malkov I S , Mamedov T A , Shakirov M I , Filippov V A
Published: October 2021

Aim. To analyze the current practice for the surgical treatment of destructive acute appendicitis complicated by typhlitis and periappendicular abscess.

Methods. This study analyzed the treatment outcomes in 84 patients with acute destructive appendicitis aged 18 to 79 years who were treated in the Department of Surgery No. 2 of the City Clinical Hospital No. 7 of Kazan between 2016 and 2021 years. According to the method for completion of surgical intervention, patients were divided into 2 groups, similar in age, duration of the disease and morphological changes in the appendix. In the comparison group, 54 patients had the surgical intervention completed by gauze-glove drainage of the appendix bed. In 30 patients of the main group, the appendix stump and the adjacent intestinal wall was covered with a Tachocomb plate. Then the VAC system with the Vivano device and supplies from Hartmann Group (Germany) was connected. The statistical significance of the differences between the indicators was assessed by using the Student's t-test.

Results. The analysis of the surgical techniques used showed that in the main group, postoperative wound complications decreased by 3 times (23.3% of patients, p=0.04), intra-abdominal fluid collections decreased by 2 times (6.7% of patients, p=0.02), the hospital lengths of stay decreased by 1.8 times (p=0.02) compared with the comparison group.

Conclusion. The use of ligature appendectomy in combination with plastic closure of the appendix stump with a TachoComb and the technology of local vacuum-assisted laparostomy in patients with destructive appendicitis complicated by periappendicular abscess contributes to a 3-fold reduction in wound postoperative complications and reduces the hospital lengths of stay in this group of patients by 1.8 times.
Diagnostic capabilities of the biochemical composition of amniotic fluid in assessing fetal conditions
Authors: Fatkullina I B , Lazareva A Yu , Fatkullina Yu N , Faizullina L A , Stecenko N A , Galeeva S A
Published: October 2021

Aim. To analyze the nature of changes in the biochemical parameters of amniotic fluid during fetal hypoxia.

Methods. The study was carried out in the maternity ward of the Republican Clinical Hospital named after Kuvatov (Ufa) between January 2016 and September 2018. The main group 72 women in labor with symptoms of fetal distress, the control group 70 women in labor without it. The biochemical composition of the amniotic fluid was measured using an analyzer. Statistical analysis was performed by using the Statistica 10.0 software. Comparison of qualitative characteristics was carried out by using Fisher's exact test when comparing quantitative data, the MannWhitney test. The statistical significance of the differences was set at p 0.05.

Results. It was found that in fetal distress, there is a decrease in such biochemical indicators of the composition of amniotic fluid as the level of triglycerides (0.20.1 and 0.30.1 mmol/L, p=0.0036) and cholesterol (0.10.16 and 0.30.2 mmol/L, p=0.0275), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity (34.511 and 48.76.8 U/L, p=0.0261), while the level the lactate (in the main group 3.51.2 and 3.10.9 mmol/L in the control group, p=0.0035), glucose (1.20.6 and 0.60.3 mmol/L, p=0.0002) and nitrogenous substances such as urea (4.51.1 and 3.01.3 mmol/L, p=0.0018) increases.

Conclusion. The biochemical composition of amniotic fluid reflects the state of the fetus at birth, and therefore the study of the amniotic fluid is a relevant and accessible method.