bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Frequency of Caesarean Section in Pregnancies with Borderline Amniotic Fluid Index at Term
Authors: Bushra Natasha , Zeeshan Khaula , Ejaz Sara , Mushtaq Javeria , Waheed Khadija , Khanum Amna
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe increased risk of caesarean section after induced labour is well documented. Rate of induction of labour has doubled in the past decade from 10 to 20%. Low Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) as an isolated finding leads to increased obstetrical interventions but without any improvement in outcome.Objectives:  To determine the frequency of caesarean section due to failed induction in pregnancies at term with borderline AFI.Patients and Methods:  This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Unit-III, SIMS/Services Hospital, Lahore. The duration of study was one year from January, 2015 to December, 2015. A total of 150 patients were included in this study. AFI was measured by recent obstetric ultrasound. All patients with borderline AFI (5 – 8 cm) were included in the study. They were induced by glandin E2 gel. If induction of patients failed with two doses of glandin E2 gel, given vaginally 6 hours apart, patients were considered for cesarean section. The outcome measure was rate of caesarean section due to failed induction. All data were analyzed by SPSS version 20.Results:  Mean age of the patients was 30.34 ± 6.68 years. Mean gestational age was noted 38.34 ± 1.05 weeks. Out of 150 patients, 103 (68.7%) were para 1 – 3 and 47 patients (31.3%) were para 4 – 6. Caesarean section due to failed induction with borderline AFI was performed in 27 patients (18.0%). Stratification with regard to age, gestational age and parity was carried out and was found significant only for gestational age being > 39 weeks.Conclusion:  It is concluded that failed induction of labour at term in women with borderline AFI is not associated with increased risk of caesarean delivery.
Imposter Syndrome among Pakistani Medical Students
Authors: Qureshi Muhammad Atif , Taj Jamshad , Latif Muhammad Zahid , Rafique Shumaila , Ahmed Rafique , Chaudhry Mohammad Akbar
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Background:  Imposter syndrome (IS) first described in 1978 is recently gaining more importance due to its long lasting, strong and detrimental implications on the Medical students as well as the institutions and society. The sufferers are competent objectively but they have a secret fear in them, that they are inadequate in the skills and knowledge and this secret will be open to others anytime. It is strongly associated with burnout phenomenon, anxiety, depression, many other psychological effects and many significant implications on medical education and training. Suffering students develop different styles of learning and find it difficult to learn through conventional or usual teaching strategies.

Objectives:  This study objective was to find out the frequency of IS among Pakistani medical students.

Methodology:  This was a cross sectional, descriptive study, conducted in a private medical college of Lahore, Pakistan in November 2016. Sampling technique was convenient non-probability type and study instrument was 08 items questionnaire. The students who answered “Yes” for five or more out of eight questions were considered positive for Imposter Syndrome.

Results:  Out of 143 final year MBBS students 58.7% were females & 41.3% males. Sixty eight (68) students (47.5%) were found having Imposter Syndrome according to the Young Imposter scale (YIS) used as questionnaire. Out of these 45 (53.5%) were females and 23 (38.9%) males.

Conclusion:  Imposter syndrome or phenomenon may be present in significant frequencies and number among medical students. This may have detrimental effects on body, mind, personalities and academic as well as professional developments. Efforts should be made to find out IS/IP among students and to train both students and teachers.
Urinary Incontinence in Pregnant Multigravida from Second Trimester up to the Delivery
Authors: Sharif Sadia , Ijaz Gondal Muhammad Junaid , Kamboh Salman Malik , Adeel Muhammad , Qamar Mustafa , Chaudhry Asad , Nadeem Ramsha
Published: August 2017

AbstractStructural and physical changes take place in pregnancy such as altered function of urinary tract. The mechanism lying behind low urinary tract function can be described in terms of effects of hormones, compressive dysfunction of uterus and structural changes in pelvic support function. The prevalence of urinary incontinence in developed countries is 27.6% and in developing countries 28.7%. Urinary incontinence is a functional pelvic floor disorder which affects the well-being of all age’s women. Urinary incontinence frequency is increased by pregnancy but the cause of this incontinence is still unknown. The prevalence of in-continence differs greatly.Objective:  To know the frequency of urinary incontinence among pregnant multigravida from second trimester up to delivery.Methods:  The study design used was a cross-sectional survey. The place of study was Lady Aitchson Hospital Lahore Pakistan and Lady Willington Hospital Lahore Pakistan. It was completed within six months after the approval of synopsis from September 2015 to February 2016. The sample of this study was 706. Mean age of the multigravida belonging to the lower socioeconomic status was 25-28 years of age. Women’s continence and pelvic health center urinary incontinence questionnaire was used in this study.Results:  Multigravida included in this study showed 51.1% of urinary incontinence and 48.8% with no urinary incontinence. The level of the beginning of urinary incontinence was more in second trimester.Conclusion:  Urinary incontinence is more prevalent in multiparous especially in second trimester of pregnancy.
Prevalence and Determinants of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Adolescents Girls of Low Income Communities in Lahore
Authors: Hassan Fatima , Salim Shafya , Humayun Ayesha
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground:  Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in adolescent girls has strong health implications during re-productive years. Current research aimed to assess prevalence and determinants of iron deficiency anemia in adolescent girls of low income families residing in semi urban communities of Lahore, Pakistan.Method:  This cross sectional analytical study selected 116 unmarried adolescent girls between the ages of 13 – 19 years from low income families through convenience sampling from semi-urban communities. Dietary data was collected using 3 – day recall, whereas a self-constructed, structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic factors. Hemoglobin and serum Ferritin levels were assessed along with an assessment of clinical signs and symptoms of folate and iron deficiency. Data was enteredand analyzed using SPSS version 21.Results:  IDA was present in 68.8% of adolescent girls, of which 40.2% were moderately (8 – 10 gm/dl) and 28.8% were mildly (10.9 – 11.9 gm/dl) anemic. Working status (p < 0.041), source of dietary iron (p < 0.001), frequency of heme iron consumption (p < 0.001), protein consumption/day (p < 0.001) and HEI score (p < 0.001) showed statistically significant association with IDA. Binary regression analysis showed frequency of heme iron consumption [AOR = 29.13, 95% CI (9.627 to 88.203)] and HEI score [AOR = 6.877, 95% CI (.065 to 44.405]) to be the most significantly associated determinant of IDA. Mean Hb level was also significantly different between working and nonworking adolescents (p = 0.001, 95% CI = -1.124 to -0.322). Significant mean difference in serum Ferritin levels between working and nonworking adolescents (p = 0.04 [95% CI = -21.89 to -0.50]) was also observed. 94% and 91% girls showed signs and symptoms of iron and folate deficiency respectively. How-ever BMI, age, educational status of the girls and their parents were not found to be associated with IDA.Conclusion:  Prevalence of IDA was alarmingly high in adolescent girls of low socioeconomic class. Working status, source of dietary iron, frequency of heme iron consumption, protein consumption/day and HEI score were found to be determining anemia. Nutrition education targeting IDA is the need of the day to control and prevent this public health epidemic.
Clinical Outcomes of Open Ventral Hernia Repair in a Public Sector Hospital
Authors: Ali Shah Syed Kashif , Memon Gulshan Ali , Jamali Khawar Saeed , Sahito Rafiq Ahmed , Rehman Habib Ur , Leghari Shahnawaz , Baloch Shahida
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjective:  This prospective study was designed to see the outcomes in two different types of surgical repairs (suture or mesh) of primary ventral hernia.Methods:  A total of 70 adult patients under went for elective primary ventral hernia suture or mesh repair at surgical unit-I of Peoples Medical College Hospital Nawabshah and Surgical Unit-I from March-2010 to Feb-2016 were included in this study on the basis of inclusion – exclusion criteria. Patient’s demographic characteristics, operative details, post-operative out-comes (complications and recurrence) were studied.Results:  A total number of 70 consecutive patients having primary ventral hernia under went for an elective open repair either with suture (32/45.7%) or synthetic mesh (38/54.3%) were evaluated in this study. Among these patients 52 (74.2%) and 18 (25.8%) were female and male respectively, with mean age of 51.5 ± 12. A total of 3(7.89%) patients had recurrence with Mesh Repair and 06(18.75%) with suture repair at 3 years follow-up, p-value = 0.176.Conclusion:  The mesh repair in ventral hernia has low wound complications and less recurrence of the hernia when compared with suture technique.
Frequency of Hypercholesterolemia in Recent Onset Type – 2 Diabetics with Microalbuminuria
Authors: Hasham Muhammad Adnan , Abbas Sakhawat , Baig Mirza Ilyas , Randhawa Fawad Ahmad
Published: August 2017

AbstractAmongst diabetes, type 2 diabetes encompasses more than 80% and even higher percentage is present in un-industrialized countries. Kidney disease in diabetic patients is clinically characterized by increasing rates of urinary albumin excretion, starting from no albuminuria, which progresses to microalbuminuria, macro-albuminuria and eventually to End Stage Renal Disease. Dyslipidemia is observed in patients with DM and microalbuminuria. Total cholesterol increases significantly with albuminuria.Objectives:  Frequency of hypercholesterolemia in recent onset type-2 diabetics with microalbuminuria.Methodology:  The study was conducted in Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Services Hospital Lahore. Study was conducted and completed over a period of six months from 15th September 2014 to 15th March 2015. It was a cross sectional survey with non-probability, purposive sampling technique. 200 patients fulfilling the criteria were enrolled. Informed consent was obtained. Demographic information of each patient was noted. Urine was obtained and samples were sent to the laboratory of the hospital and reports were assessed. If the value of albumin is raised in urine analysis (as per operational definition) then albuminuria was labeled. In patients who were diagnosed as with albuminuria, total cholesterol was noted. If cholesterol was > 240 mg/dl, then hypercholesterolemia was labeled by researcher himself.Conclusion:  The results of the study conclude that frequency of microalbuminuria among patients of newly diagnosed type-2 diabetic mellitus is in agreement with other studies while the frequency of hyper-cholesterolemia in patients with microalbuminuria was also recorded higher which needs special physicians attention for its timely management so that patients can be prevented from severe cardio vascular morbidi-ties and mortality.
Frequency of Ovarian Tumors According to WHO Histological Classification and Their Association to Age at Diagnosis
Authors: Khan Muhammad Arif , Afzal Saira , Saeed Hassan , Usman Hnia , Ali Rooqash , Khan Manaquibb Zain Ali Shaheer , Mumtaz Aqsa , Ramazan Nimra , Fatima Alina , Haider Jawad , Latif Ahmad , Nawaz Anum
Published: August 2017

Ovarian tumors, or ovarian neoplasms, are benign or malignant tumors arising from the ovaries. They may arise from any of the three components of ovary i.e. surface epithelium, germ cells and the stroma of the ovary including sex cords. Tumors in the ovary can also be secondary or metastatic tumors.Objective:  To determine the frequency of Ovarian Tumors according to WHO Histological classification and their relation to age at diagnosis in almost one year.Methods:  A cross-sectional study was carried out, that included all the consecutive cases of ovarian neoplasms diagnosed at the Pathology department of a public sector university in Lahore from 1 January 2015 to 13 February 2016.Results:  In 95 female patients diagnosed with ovarian tumors, the mean age was found to be 29.58 ±11.493 with a range of 3-65 years. Tumors were most common between the ages of 15 to 30 years. The highest rates of malignancy were in the 0-15 and 45-60 age groups (Figure 1). About 78.9% of the tumors (75/95) were benign, 1.1% (1/95) were borderline and 20% (19/95) were malignant (Figure 3), 72.6% (69/95) were epithelial tumors, 23.2% (22/95) were germ cell and 4.2% (4/95) were sex cord stromal tumors (Figure 4). Among the 95 cases, serous tumors were the most common (49.5%), followed by mucinous (16.8%) and teratomas (15.8%).Conclusion:  According to our study, ovarian tumors were common between the age of 15 to 29 years. Benign neoplastic lesions were more common than malignant neoplastic lesions. The frequency of malignant and benign ovarian neoplasms found in our research differed from other studies conducted in Pakistan. There is a significant association of ovarian tumors in age less than 30 year as compared to older age groups (P < 0.001).
Duodenocecal Fistula Developing after Hairpin Ingestion: A Case Report
Authors: Naumeri Fatima , Ahmad Hafiz Mahmood
Published: August 2017

AbstractForeign body ingestion is quite a common pheno-menon in pediatric population and presents with a wide range of clinical manifestations. This is a case report of hair pin ingestion which presented in pedia-tric surgery emergency one year post ingestion with duodenocecal fistula and was managed with removal of hair pin and repair of duodenal and cecal fistula rents primarily.
Safe Completion of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy and Its Conversion Rate in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Farooq Muhammad Shahid , Altaf Rabia , Qureshi Ahmad Uzair , Naumeri Fatima , Ali Abrar Ashraf
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectives:  Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a very good and safe procedure for the removal of gall bladder. The objective of our study was to see the conversion rate of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in our unit.Methods:  This is a retrospective descriptive study. We conducted this study on 167 patients who under-went gall bladder removal in our unit at a Public sector hospital of Lahore.Results:  Our study showed that 163 (97.6%) out of 167 patients had safe complete laparoscopic cholecystectomy while 4 (2.4%) had to be converted to open cholecystectomy. About 40% of the procedures completed by laparoscope were difficult. Approximately 98% were completed by consultants and 42% weresafely performed by the senior registrars.Conclusion:  Gall bladder surgery can be safely completed with laparoscope with good team effort and self-awareness of team.
Therapeutic Potential of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Extract to Mitigate Hyperglycemia
Authors: Jahangir Muhammad Ahmar , Shehzad Aamir , Butt Masood Sadiq , Shahid Muhammad
Published: August 2017

Background:  Nutrition and health have become one of the most intriguing focuses in the world today. Technological advancement, nutritional imbalances and sedentary lifestyle have ascended numerous health issues worldwide. Scientific evidences have provided the chemo-preventive and chemotherapeutic role of dietary phytochemicals to cure these ailments. Cinnamon (Cinnamomumzeylanicum) has been utilized as a potential therapeutic agent in various cultures for centuries.Objective:  Trans-cinnamaldehyde (3-phenyl-2-propanal) contributes as a major constituent of cinnamon bark oil approximately about 49.9-62.8% of the total amount and has hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic and anticancer potential.Methods:  The ethanolic and supercritical fluid extracts of cinnamon bark were subjected to in vivo modelling to evaluate the hypoglycemic potential of cinnamaldehyde. Purposely, efficacy trial was performed on normal and hyperglycemic Sprague dawleyrats for 8 weeks. Three types of diets i.e. normal (D0), nutraceutical containing 0.5% conventional extract (D1) and nutraceutical containing 0.1% supercritical fluid extract (D2) were used throughout the study.Results:  Feed & drink intake and body weight were increased during the trial. Serum analyses exhibited the maximum reduction 11.65% in glucose level in hyperglycemic rats as an effect of diet D2 followed by D1 which depicts 9.94% reduction. Nutraceutical diet D2 also increased the insulin level up to 7.23% in hyperglycemic rats whereas this increment was 2.37% in normal rats.Conclusion:  The current research helps us to conclude that cinnamon extract is effective against hyperglycemia.
Maternal Health Care Expenditure among Women in Rural Areas of Pakistan
Authors: Rehman Abdul -ur- , Adnan Muhammad , Mahmood Hina , Hassan Mahmoodul , Humayun Ayesha
Published: August 2017

Background:  With Pakistan failing to achieve Millennium Development Goals we have now entered into a new era of Sustainable Development Goals. Decreasing child mortality, improving maternal health and increasing the proportion of births by trained birth attendants, are the areas with unmet goals. As 29.5% of population of Pakistan is below the poverty line, expenditure on maternal health care services is of great importance as it determines the utilization of health care services to a large extent.Objective:  To assess maternal health care expenditure and its sociodemographic predictors in rural Khanewal, Punjab, Pakistan.Methodology:  In this cross sectional study average cost on delivery (both SVD and Cesarean section) was assessed in both public and private sector of ruralKhanewal. Total 257 women who had delivered in the last one year were included.Results:  Results revealed that 69.3% of mothers were illiterate.56.8% sought antenatal care in public health unit and 43.2% in a private health care facility. 49.8% delivered in a public health unit and 50.2% in private health care facility. Total expense on antenatal care and delivery was found to be <4,000PKR (<$38.16) in 55.6% (reportedly in a public health care unit) and was >16,000PKR (>$152.65) in 23.3% (reportedly in a private health care facility). A significant difference was found between expense, in public vs private sector and SVD vs. C-section.Conclusion:  This study revealed that there is high financial cost on maternal health services in both public and private sector of rural Khanewal. Although in private sector the cost is more as compared to public sector but still it is high keeping the notion of free health care services in Pakistan by the government. There-fore it is suggested to improve the quality of health care in public sector and if possible to provide free of cost services to mothers during delivery.
Prevalence of Preterm Birth in Pakistan: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hanif Asif , Ashraf Tahira , Waheed Khadija , Sajid Mirza Rizwan , Güler Nesrin , Pervaiz Muhammad Khalid
Published: August 2017

Objective:  This study is designed to systematically review the prevalence of preterm birth from previously published studies of Pakistan and to find pooled prevalence from available local data.

Methodology:  Targeted literature was searched with specific key words such as “preterm birth, prematurity, prevalence and mortality in preterm birth in Pakistan”. Studies with copyright and/or permission issues were excluded. A total of 300 studies were found initially that were somewhat related to the topic, after careful screening only 5 studies met inclusion criteria for current study. To test the null hypothesis for all studies evaluating effect Cochran's Q was used and P-values with a level of significance of 5%were considered significant.

Results:  The pooled prevalence of Preterm Birth was found to be 18.89% using fixed effect, 16.81% using random effect and 18.89% using fixed effect heterogeneity. I-squared for each effect model was > 75%. On applying Chi2 test we obtained significant p-value i.e. p-value < 0.01.

Conclusion:  Through this meta-analysis we found one of the highest pooled prevalence of preterm birth in Pakistan. Reducing preterm birth can result in improvement of overall neonatal health and significantly reduce neonatal mortality in future.
Effect of Company during Academic Years on Habit of Cigarette Smoking among Doctors
Authors: Mustafa Awais , Jawad Shahbano , Khosa Shahid Hameed , Zafar Humaira
Published: August 2017

Objective:  To assess the effect of company during academic years on the habit of cigarette smoking.

Materials and Methods:  This Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 130 doctors from three different hospitals of Lahore. Written consent was taken; participants were questioned about smoking habit. Data was analyzed using SPSS20.

Result:  Doctors (all smokers) were questioned about smoking habits. Response rate was 100%. The greatest percentage of Doctors started smoking due to influence of friends and family (65%). Majority of them stayed in private hostels (58%) and flats (29%) during their academic years. These doctors showed greater tendency towards smoking than the doctors that stayed with their family/children (15%).

Conclusion:  Our results showed a marked tendency of tobacco smoking in doctors living without their families/children in Lahore. Majorities have the smokers in their friend’s circle and had started smoking under influence of them. Doctors who lived in private flats/ hostels showed increase in tobacco use than who lived in the houses.
Adoptive Immunotherapy for B-cell Malignancies Using CD19- Targeted Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cells: A Systematic Review of Efficacy and Safety
Authors: Hao Lu , Li Tongtong , Chang Lung-Ji , Chen Xiaochuan
Published: August 2017

Background:

Adoptive infusion of chimeric antigen receptor transduced T- cells (CAR-T) is a powerful tool of immunotherapy for hematological malignancies, as evidenced by recently published and unpublished clinical results.

Objective:

In this report, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of CAR-T on refractory and/or relapsed B-cell malignancies, including leukemia and lymphoma.

Methods:

Clinical studies investigating efficacy and safety of CAR-T in acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia and lymphoma were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE. Outcomes of efficacy subjected to analysis were the rates of complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR). The safety parameters were the prevalence of adverse effects including fever, hypotension, and acute renal failure. Meta analyses were performed using R software. Weighted hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals was calculated for each outcome. Fixed or random-effects models were employed depending on the heterogeneity across the included studies.

Results:

Nineteen published clinical studies with a total of 391 patients were included for the meta-analysis. The pooled rate of complete remission was 55% (95% CI 41%-69%); the pooled rate of partial remission was 25% (95% CI: 19%-33%). The prevalence of fever was 62% (95% CI: 41%-79%), the hypotension was 22% (95% CI: 15%-31%), and the acute renal failure was 24% (95% CI: 16%-34%). All adverse effects were manageable and no death was reported due to toxicity.

Conclusion:

CD19-targeted CAR-T is an effective modality in treating refractory B-cell malignancies including leukemia and lymphoma. However, there is still a need to develop strategies to improve the safety in its clinical use.
Targeting Protective Catalase of Tumor Cells with Cold Atmospheric Plasma- Activated Medium (PAM)
Authors: Bauer Georg
Published: August 2017

Background:

Application of cold atmospheric plasma to medium generates “plasma-activated
medium” that induces apoptosis selectively in tumor cells and that has an antitumor effect in vivo. The underlying
mechanisms are not well understood.

Objective:

Elucidation of potential chemical interactions within plasma-activated medium and of reactions of
medium components with specific target structures of tumor cells should allow to define the active principle in
plasma activated medium.

Methods:

Established knowledge of intercellular apoptosis-inducing reactive oxygen/nitrogen species-dependent
signaling and its control by membrane-associated catalase and SOD was reviewed. Model experiments using
extracellular singlet oxygen were analyzed with respect to catalase inactivation and their relevance for the
antitumor action of cold atmospheric plasma. Potential interactions of this tumor cell-specific control system
with components of plasma-activated medium or its reaction products were discussed within the scope of the
reviewed signaling principles.

Results:

None of the long-lived species found in plasma-activated medium, such as nitrite and H2O2, nor OCl- or
.NO seemed to have the potential to interfere with catalase-dependent control of apoptosis-inducing signaling of
tumor cells when acting alone. However, the combination of H2O2 and nitrite might generate peroxynitrite. The
protonation of peroxnitrite to peroxynitrous acid allows for the generation of hydroxyl radicals that react with
H2O2, leading to the formation of hydroperoxide radicals. These allow for singlet oxygen generation and inactivation
of membrane-associated catalase through an autoamplificatory mechanism, followed by intercellular
apoptosis-inducing signaling.

Conclusion:

Nitrite and H2O2 in plasma-activated medium establish singlet oxygen-dependent interference
selectively with the control system of tumor cells.
Synergistic Antitumor Effect of Genitinib (Iressa®) with Flavonoids from the Scutellaria baicalensis Root on the Non-Small Cell Lung Cells
Authors: Hirata Y. , Tatsu M. , Amano C. , Kawaratani Y. , Hirata M. , Ohmomo Y. , Nagaoka Y. , Shibano M. , Sasaki T. , Uesato S. , Taniguchi M.
Published: August 2017

Background:

As was reported, gefitinib (Iressa®) showed a strong growth inhibitory effect on non-small-cell lung cancer PC-9 cells with mutant EGFR, but did not so much on A549 cells with wild-type EGFR.

Observation:

We here demonstrated by isobolograms and combination index analyses that the paired combinations of gefitinib with flavonoids from Wogon (Scutellaria baicalensis root): wogonin, oroxylin A and chrysin exerted synergistic anti-tumor effects against A549 cells.

Result:

The cell cycle analyses revealed that the combination of gefitinib and oroxylin A in A549 cells induced more apoptotic cells than other paired combinations as well as gefitinib alone. Thus, it is anticipated that oroxylin A could help to enhance the remission rate in the gefitinib therapy for the patients with non-small cell cancer cells with wild-type EGFR which provide a poor prognosis.

Conclusion:

Since the Wogon flavonoids, wogonin, oroxylin A and chrysin, accelerated the acetylation of Lysine residues of histone proteins, it is suggested that they put forth anti-tumor activities through inhibition of histone deacetylases which mediated the post-translational modification of histones.
Rancang Bangun Plugin Protégé Menggunakan Ekspresi SPARQL-DL Dengan Masukan Bahasa Alami
Authors: Fahrurrozi Muhammad , SN Azhari
Published: August 2017

Semantic web is a technology that allows us to build a knowledge base or ontology for the information of the web page can be understood by computers. One software for building ontology-based semantic web is a protégé. Protege allows developers to develop an ontology with an expression of logic description. Protégé provides a plugin such as DL-Query and SPARQL-Query to display information that involve expression of class, property and individual in the ontology. The problem that then arises is DL-plugin Query only able to process the rules that involve expression of class to any object property, despite being equipped with the function of reasoning. while the SPARQL-Query plugin does not have reasoning abilities such as DL-Query plugin although the SPARQL-Query plugin can query memperoses rules involving class, property and individual. This research resulted in a new plugin using SPARQL-DL with input natural language as a protégé not provide a plugin with input natural language to see results from the combined expression-expression contained in the ontology that allows developers to view information ontology language that is easier to understand without having think of SPARQL query structure is complicated.
Utilizing Soft Computing for Determining Protein Deficiency
Authors: Hartati Sri , Nurdiati Sri
Published: August 2017

Abstract— In recent years, the occurrence of protein shortage of children under 5 years old in many poor area has dramatically increased. Since this situation can cause serious problem to children like a delay in their growth, delay in their development and also disfigurement, disability, dependency, the early diagnose of protein shortage is vital. Many applications have been developed in performing disease detection such as an expert system for diagnosing diabetics and artificial neural network (ANN) applications for diagnosing breast cancer, acidosis diseases, and lung cancer. This paper is mainly focusing on the development of protein shortage disease diagnosing application using Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN) technique. It covers two classes of protein shortage that are Heavy Protein Deficiency. On top of this, a BPNN model is constructed based on result analysis of the training and testing from the developed application. The model has been successfully tested using new data set. It shows that the BPNN is able to early diagnose heavy protein deficiency accurately. Keywords— Artificial Neural Network, Backpropagation Neural Network, Protein Deficiency.
Group Decision Support System Determination Of Best Employee Using Topsis And Borda
Authors: Budhi Made Arya , Wardoyo Retantyo
Published: August 2017

Determining the best employee at Lombok Garden inteded to stimulate the performance of the hotel employees Lombok Garden. Improved performance of employees it will have a direct effect on the quality of hotel services. Employee performance appraisement are conducted by six assessors, namely the head of each department and consists of several criteria. Assessments will be difficult if done manually considering each appraiser has its own preferences in assessment. To solve that problem, we need a computer system that helps decision-making is a group decision support system (GDSS) determination of the best employees in the hotel Lombok Garden.Group decision support system developed in this study using TOPSIS (Technique For Order Preference By Similiarity To Ideal Solution) and Borda to assist decision-making group. TOPSIS method is used for decision-making in each appraiser, while the Borda method used to combine the results of each assessor's decision so as to obtain the final result of the best employees in Lombok Garden.Based on the final result of the system of determination of the best employees in the form of a ranking of the final value of each employee. The highest value will be used as a recommendation as the best employee at Lombok Garden.
Deteksi Dini Retinopati Diabetik dengan Pengolahan Citra Berbasis Morfologi Matematika
Authors: Heryawan Lukman
Published: August 2017

Diabetic retinopathy is a complication caused by diabetes mellitus. Diabetic retinopathy, if not handled properly can lead to blindness. A necessary step to prevent blindness is early detection. Early detection can be done by finding the initial symptoms that microaneurysm. In this research, a system made to detect diabetic retinopathy using algorithms detection microaneurysm with mathematical morphology. The algorithm is divided into three stages of preprocessing, detecting candidate microaneurysm and postprocessing.  In this research, the system will be made by using a raspberry pi as the media. To see how well the system detects diabetic retinopathy, the test will be done. in the tests performed, system obtained an accuracy of 90%, sensitivity 90, and specificity of 55% using data diaretdb1. While testing using data from e-ophtha obtained results with an accuracy of 70.5%, a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 60%.
Keanekaragaman Serangga Sebagai Pakan Alami Katak Tegalan (Fejervarya Limnocharis, Gravenhorst) pada Ekosistem Sawah di Desa Panggungharjo, Kecamatan Sewon, Kabupaten Bantul
Authors: Kuswantoro Farid , Soesilohadi R.C. Hidayat
Published: August 2017

Paddy field was a dynamic and biodiversity rich ecosystems. Insect diversity in paddy field ecosystem was infected by paddy plant growth stages. Grass frog (Fejervarya limnocharis) ate insects as their natural prey. Insect population dynamics during vegetative, generative and reproductive stage of paddy plants infected F. limnocharis natural prey. This research aims were to study insect diversity and F. limnocharis insect prey diversity of vegetative, reproductive and generative paddy plant growth stages at Panggungharjo village, Sewon, Bantul. Insect sampling was conducted by direct survey method while F. limnocharis collection conducted by Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method. Ninety eight insect species from 51 different families and nine orders of insect were found. The orders were Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Odonata, Orthoptera, Dictyoptera, Dermaptera, Hemiptera and Lepidoptera. Stomachs analysis indicated F. limnocharis ate nine insect orders. The orders were Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Dictyoptera, Dermaptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera and Isoptera. Most commonly insect prey in vegetative, reproductive and generative phase paddy growth stage were the members of the Order Coleoptera, Family Acrididae (Orthoptera) and Family Formicidae (Hymenoptera) respectively. This study concluded F. limnocharis main natural prey was the easily found and easily perceived insects.
Identifikasi Sifat dan Distribusi Sel Endokrin Ghrelin di Lambung Tikus (Rattus Norvegicus): Studi Immunohis-Tokimia pada Kondisi Obesitas
Authors: Budipitojo Teguh , Wihadmadyatami Hevi , Aristya Ganies Riza
Published: August 2017

Obesity is one of major nutritional problems in the world. Obesity is very dangerous, especially when concentrated in the abdomen, because it is closely linked to various diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, which can to causing death. This study aims to identify the nature and distribution of ghrelin on gastric endocrine cells in the obese rat (Rattus norvegicus) by using immunohistochemical techniques. The results will strengthen the understanding of the role and function of ghrelin as an alternative therapeutic target on obesity. The research used gastric tissues of ten obese and control rats which were stained with avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method of immunohistochemistry. The results showed the existence of two types of ghrelin-producing cells (open and closed types) on the gastric mucosa of control rats, and only one type of ghrelin producing cells (open type) in obese rats. The intensity of ghrelin immunoreactive positive cells was detected weak in obese rats, but very strong in control rats. Ghrelin endocrine cells mainly distributed in the basal part of the gastric mucosa of the fundus parts, with a very small number in obese rats, but highly abundant in control rats. This study confirmed the decrease of the ghrelin synthesis and secretion in obese rat (Rattus norvegicus) at the cellular level. The decrease of ghrelin synthesis is characterized by a reduction on the number of ghrelin producing cells, the disappearance of the close type of ghrelin producing cells, and the low activity of protein synthesis in the ghrelin producing cells. Ghrelin endocrine cells distributed mainly in the basal part of the gastric mucosa, especially in the fundus parts.
Isolation and Characterization of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Inasua
Authors: Mahulette Ferymon , Mubarik Nisa Rachmania , Suwanto Antonius , Widanarni Widanarni
Published: August 2017

Inasua is a traditionally product of wet salt fish fermentation produced by Teon, Nila and Serua (TNS) Communities in Central Maluku, Indonesia. The community made this fermented fish to anticipate the lean time when fisherman could not go to sea.  The  fish that used as inasua raw material is demersal fishes that live around coral reefs, such as Samandar fish (Siganatus guttatus), Gala-gala fish (Lutjanus sp.) and Sikuda fish (Lethrinus ornatus). The objective of the research was to isolate and characterize of bacterial indigenous in  Inasua from three producers in Seram Island. The measurement of pH from inasua samples were 5.9, 5.0 and 5.8, respectively. The highest number of lactic acid bacteria was found from  Gala – gala inasua was 2,5x107 cfu/g sample. Isolation of all isolates bacteria from inasua showed that a total of 7 isolates of bacteria was obtained  from Samadar inasua, 9 isolates from  Gala-gala inasua, and 7 isolates from  Sikuda inasua.  From a total of 23 isolates, only 6 isolates had characteristic as lactic acid bacteria that were Gram  positive, negative catalase, and cocci shape. The microscopic characteristics  of the isolates are coccid in pairs or uniforms which combine to form tetrads. Carbohydrate utilization test  of selected isolate by using API 50 CHB kit indicated that 13 carbohydrates are fermented by these isolates  after incubation for 48 hours. The research  was concluded that the dominant bacteria in inasua sample  is  cocci-lactic acid bacteria.Keywords : fermented fish, inasua, lactic acid bacteria, MRSA medium
IMMUNOMODULATORY ACTIVITY OF NUTRACEUTICAL FORMULATION AND ITS POTENTIATION BY SELF-FORTIFICATION AND COW URINE DISTILLATE FORTIFICATION METHODS
Authors: Akula Annapurna , Vishala Chandi , Pitchaiah Gummalla
Published: August 2017

Objective: This study prepared, evaluated immunomodulatory activity of nutraceutical formulation and studied the effect of self-mortification and cow urine distillate fortification methods on the immunomodulatory potential of nutraceutical formulation.Methods: Three types of nutraceutical formulations i.e. Nutraceutical formulation (NF), self fortitfied nutraceutical formulation (SFNF) and self fortitfied nutraceutical formulation fortified with cow urine distillate (SFNECUD) were prepared using fine powders of amla, apple, garlic, onion, wheat grass, papaya, turmeric and cow urine distillate by different methods. The immunomodulatory activity of nutraceutical formulations at a dose of 500 mg/kg was assessed by various immune function parameters like cell-mediated immunity (neutrophil adhesion, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response and cyclophosphamide-induced neutropenia), humoral immunity (serum immunoglobulins level and haemoagglutination antibody titer), and phagocytic activity (carbon clearance and polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell activity).Results: Oral administration of NF, SFNF and SFNFCUD showed significant (p<0.01) increase in adhesion of neutrophils, potentiation of the DTH reaction and attenuation of cyclophosphamide-induced neutropenia. A significant increase in serum immunoglobulin levels and production of circulating antibody titer in response to sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) was also observed. In addition, an increase in the phagocytic index in carbon clearance assay and an increase in the phagocytic activity of PMN cells was observed.Conclusion: From the above results, it can be concluded that all three types of formulations showed significant immunostimulant activity. SFNF and SFNFCUD showed better immunomodulatory activity than NF suggesting the potentiation of immunomodulatory potential of NF activity by fortification methods.
A STUDY OF THERAPEUTIC RESPONSE AND ADVERSE EFFECTS OF INTRAVENOUS ERYTHROPOIETIN VERSUS SUBCUTANEOUS ERYTHROPOIETIN ON HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF NEPHROLOGY OF OHRC
Authors: Sv Partha Saradhi , Baig Mirza Misba Ali , Irfana Amtul , Fariha Arjumand Kauser , Fatima Bushra
Published: August 2017

Objective: To study the efficacy of intravenous erythropoietin and subcutaneous erythropoietin in hemodialysis patients who have persistent anemia despite correction of iron therapy and to measure the outcomes in terms of raise in haemoglobin concentration and adverse events in both the groups.Methods: After ethical committee approval the current study was conducted at the Department of Hemodialysis of Owasi Hospital and Research Centre, Hyderabad a period of 6 mo duration. 60 patients undergoing hemodialysis were recruited into out study who had haemoglobin less than 10.0 despite corrected iron levels. Patients were divided into two groups for intravenous administration and subcutaneous administration of alpha erythropoietin. Patients were stratified into three sub-groups of mild, moderate and severe anaemia. Therapeutic response was recorded in the form of monthly hemoglobin and hemoatocrit. Of the 30 patients in the subcutaneous group, erythropoietin was given to 19 males and 11 females, while intravenous erythropoietin was administered to 17 males and 13 females in the other 30 patients.Results: The mean hemoglobin level in the subcutaneous group was 5.16 at the commencement of the study and in the intravenous group the mean hemoglobin was 5.0. In the subcutaneous group, the mean rise in the hemoglobin was rapidly achieved in 3 mo duration when compared to the intravenous group. Mean Systolic Blood pressure was higher in the intravenous group when compared to the subcutaneous group. Spillage of the drug was minimal in subcutaneous group when compared to the intravenous group.Conclusion: After correction of the iron deficiency, low dose of erythropoietin subcutaneously promised to maintain expected hemoglobin level above 10 g/dL with no adverse events compared to intravenous erythropoietin. Erythropoitin alpha at a dose of 4000 IU was enough to achieve the therapeutic target of Hemoglobin>10.0 by administering subcutaneously accelerated hypertension was less when compared to Intravenous erythropieitn post dialysis. Hence we recommend to use erythropoietin subcutaneously rather than intravenously.
BIODEGRADABLE LIPOSOMES FOR ACYCLOVIR-GOLD NANOPARTICLES AS AN EFFICIENT CARRIERFOR ENHANCED TOPICAL DELIVERY
Authors: Salem Heba F. , Tamam Sabry M. , Lotayef Sahar M.
Published: August 2017

Objective: Gold nanoparticles and nanoliposomes are effective new technology in delivering the bioactive agents and enhancing their performance by increasing the bioavailability. The goal of the present study was the formulation of liposome for the use as a carrier for nanogold conjugated with acyclovir (ACV), an antiviral drug, to enhance ACV delivery.Methods: The gold nanoparticles were used as a capping agent for ACV and sodium citrate was used as reducing agent for the gold. Transmission electron microscopy was used for characterization and to study the morphological and structural properties of drug-metallic nanostructures. Nanoliposomes were formulated using different molar ratios of a positive charge inducer (stearyl amine) or a negative charge inducer (diacetyl phosphate), lecithin, cholesterol and Span 60.Results: Gold nanoparticles with a particle size of 10–20 nm were formed. This small size of the formed particles has a clear effect in reducing the gold nanoparticles toxicity and enhancing the cellular uptake. The amount of sodium citrate used in this preparation influences the size of the gold nanoparticle. The present study employed 1% trisodium citrate that contains a carboxylic group and this carboxylic group works as a reducing and capping agent to synthesize ACV-gold nanoparticles conjugate. Liposomal formula F6 had the highest entrapment efficiency approaching 42%, the low particle size of 160 nm, and zeta potential of 43.5 mV.Conclusion: It is evident from the study that the liposomes can be used as a carrier of ACV conjugated with gold nanoparticles. This new strategy could be used successfully in the treatment of viral infection.
SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF PROPAFENONE AND ITS TWO METABOLITES IN HUMAN PLASMA BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY/TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY LC-MS/MS
Authors: Gupta Rajeev Kumar , Chaurasia Anand , Mishra Brijeshkunvar
Published: August 2017

Objective: A simple, sensitive and rapid performance liquid chromatography/positive ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry method was to be developed and validated for quantification of propafenone (PPF) and its two major metabolite 5-hydroxy propafenone (5-OHP) and N-depropyl propafenone (NDP) in human plasma.Methods: Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) with ethyl acetate was used of extraction of plasma samples. The analytes were separated using an isocratic mixture of 0.1% formic acid/acetonitrile (20:80 v/v) on a reversed-phase column Hypurity Advance C18 50 x2.1 mm, 5µ and analysed by mass spectrometry in the multiple reaction monitoring mode using the respective [M+H] Ions. The m/z was 342.20/116.10 for propafenone, m/z 299.80/74.10 for N depropyl propafenone and m/z 358.30/98.10 for 5-hydroxy propfenone along with m/z 409.2/238.0 for Amlodipine as internal standard respectively.Results: The method had a short chromatographic run time of 1.5 min. The method exhibited a linear dynamic range over 5.11 to 1000.73 ng/ml for propafenone, 0.51 to 100.06 ng/ml for N-depropyl propafenone and 5.11 to 1001.64 ng/ml for 5-hydroxy propafenone respectively, in human plasma.Conclusion: The validated method has been successfully used to analyze human plasma samples for application in pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and bioequivalence studies.
Juventude e periferias urbanas: perfil, cultura e outros aspectos da vida social e afetiva
Authors: Marcassa Luciana Pedrosa , D'Agostini Adriana , Nogara Junior Gilberto
Published: August 2017

Este texto tem por objetivo identificar e discutir a relação do jovem com a apropriação e produção da cultura e com outros aspectos da vida social e afetiva. Se a vida de uma maneira geral está submetida à lógica de produção e reprodução do capital, no que tange à juventude pobre das periferias urbanas de Florianópolis a situação é ainda mais delicada, tendo em vista as mediações próprias do território sobre a experiência da juventude, e que o trabalho e as preocupações em torno da qualificação para o emprego são o centro das atenções e tomam a maior parte do tempo e dos espaços de convivência desses jovens. A constituição de uma cultura de sobrevivência, portanto, é um elemento limitador das relações sociais e afetivas da juventude pobre e da produção criativa como modo de vida.
Educação popular - Educação formal: reflexões a partir de significações da prática docente.
Authors: Poli Solange Maria Alves , Poletto Geraldo Jorge
Published: August 2017

Educação popular - Educação formal: reflexões a partir de significações da prática docente.
Ciudades y arquitecturas del noroeste mexicano
Authors: Méndez Sáinz Eloy
Published: August 2017

En estas notas se presenta una visión general de la arquitectura y el urbanismo desplegados por los regímenes derivados de la revolución mexicana en las entidades de Chihuahua, Baja California, Sinaloa y Sonora, durante el periodo 1917-1957. Con el supuesto de que las innovaciones arquitectónicas y los proyectos urbanísticos locales se insertaron en el proyecto de nación, se ha reunido material para mostrar la identificación de la edilicia con los preceptos revolucionarios. Puede así observarse que en el periodo se integraron los territorios estatales, se redistribuyó la población, se reestructuró la agricultura, emergieron nuevos asentamientos, las ciudades capitales fueron replanteadas y la arquitectura, acompañada del muralismo y la estatuaria, se orientó a cristalizar los valores revolucionarios, según las versiones de cada experiencia estatal. En la región, orientada a la agricultura, sobresalieron en particular los complejos agroindustriales y las escuelas, homogeneizando el paisaje urbano de manera distintiva desde el porfiriato.