bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MyFeedback: an online writing feedback service with students as partners
Authors: Lignos Ioannis , Gherasim Oana
Published: October 2024

MyFeedback is an online feedback service run by the academic tutoring team at the University of East London (UEL). The service provides a formative type of feedback on the academic writing of students based on drafts they upload to a digital inbox. The service is a differentiating support mechanism that complements the one-to-one guidance provided by the academic writing tutors. This is possible by training and supervising students (online feedback initiators) to provide reviews of assignment drafts. In this ALDCon24 workshop, we discussed how the development and operation of the service has thrived through a partnership between learning developers and students, and thus establishing a community of practice (Wenger, 1998) of shared learning and vision. We provided insights into the working model and the ways in which students become partners and occasionally co-creators. We highlighted the opportunities and benefits that are shared among all those involved and the roles they assume. Student users of the service engage in a self-regulated learning experience (Nicol and Macfarlane-Dick, 2006) enacted by their repeated exposure to peer feedback interactions that is underpinned by pedagogical principles, such as the zone of proximal development (Vygotsky, 1978) and differentiation, for example in Tomlinson (2001). Tutors and student partners collaborate to consolidate their feedback mechanisms by bringing together teaching expertise, fresh enthusiasm, first-hand student experiences, and a sense of belonging, inclusivity and collaboration. At the same time, tutors direct their capacity efficiently to students who can benefit more from a live dialogue based on their assessment at hand.
KONSELING PROFESIONAL DALAM ISLAM: KONSELING ATAU MENJAGA AIB?
Authors: Fitriana
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini mengkaji dilema konseli dalam konteks konseling profesional dalam Islam, terutama dalam menjaga kerahasiaan informasi pribadi dalam proses konseling. Dengan pendekatan metode library research, penelitian ini mengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumber literatur yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Hasilnya menyoroti kompleksitas dalam menavigasi antara prinsip-prinsip agama Islam yang menekankan pentingnya menjaga kerahasiaan dan etika profesional konseling yang mengedepankan transparansi dan efektivitas. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ada gap dalam pemahaman antara konselor dan konseli terkait kerahasiaan, yang dapat mengurangi efektivitas konseling. Integrasi prinsip-prinsip Islam dengan praktik konseling modern menjadi tantangan, membutuhkan konselor yang memiliki pemahaman mendalam tentang ajaran Islam dan keahlian dalam teknik konseling. Dengan memahami dilema ini secara mendalam, konseling dalam perspektif Islam dapat menjadi lebih efektif dalam membantu individu mengatasi masalah mental dan emosional mereka, sambil menjaga integritas moral dan sosial mereka.
Kiswahili Translation in Digital Media Platforms: Bridging Language Gaps in the AI Age
Authors: Munuku Anne , Mwangi Jackson
Published: October 2024

Purpose: As digital media platforms continue to proliferate globally, the need for multilingual content in these platforms has become increasingly apparent. Translation of online content is a necessity for netizens and other digital platform users who seek knowledge and information around a myriad of user-generated content on diverse issues and topics. Being a widely spoken language that goes beyond the borders of East Africa, Kiswahili’s significance in bridging linguistic barriers and facilitating communication and information access for Kiswahili speakers is clear. The purpose of this exploratory research paper was to examine the state of Kiswahili as a language of translation through different technologies across varied translation apps and social media platforms such as Facebook, You Tube, Tik Tok and Netflix.
Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive research design. Data collection was done through online data mining tools including API access for web scrapping and manual extraction of content through random search engine searches. The data for the study included 10 sentences, 10 videos and 25 specific word forms such as proverbs, spiritual/religious words, similes and cultural words for food, beauty and family ties.  Content analysis for both text and multimedia content such as written sentences, social media posts and videos was done. The study analyzed translation outputs of 14 Kiswahili translation apps in order to establish the status and accuracy of these translations. Of key consideration was the role of AI technology in the translation apps and the effect it has on the translated texts across different apps. The challenges and emerging issues facing Kiswahili translation through digital technologies were also explored.
Findings: The findings of this study showed that the Apps used for Kiswahili translation have demonstrated great translation accuracy in basic semantic forms, with an average score of 60% accuracy upon random searches and between 10-30% accuracy for cultural forms and idiomatic expressions.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study was guided by the Skopos theory by Hans Vermeer (1978) which was complemented by the Relevance Theory by Dan Sperber and Deidre Wilson (1986). These Apps seem to have the feature of interoperability in that they seem to produce the same results suggesting that the AI supported feature in the apps may be interconnecting the apps during translation. The study advocates for more AI integration translation apps as this will help standardize Kiswahili translation corpus.
Measuring Water Content in Hydroponic Plants Based on PH Values and Nutriens Using Fuzzy Logic Microcontroller Based Tsukamoto
Authors: Julianti Miranda , R Rakhmat Kurniawan
Published: October 2024

Hydroponic cultivation is a method of planting without soil by utilizing water containing nutrients and oxygen at certain levels. Regulation and monitoring of pH, nutrients (TDS), and water temperature are crucial factors in the success of a hydroponic system. Inaccuracies in nutrient water management can significantly affect plant growth. This study aims to design an automation system capable of monitoring pH and water nutrient levels using the Fuzzy Tsukamoto method based on the Nodemcu ESP32 microcontroller. The sensors used in this study are the MSP340 pH Module sensor to measure acidity (pH) and the Df Robot Module TDS sensor to detect nutrient levels in water. The Fuzzy Tsukamoto method is applied to make fuzzy logic-based decision-making, where the input values of pH and nutrients are converted into linguistic variables. The fuzzyfication process is carried out to determine the level of plant fertility, while the inference method is used to produce output based on previously set rules. This monitoring system also utilizes the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) technique with a linear regression method to optimize the use of water pumps, making it more energy efficient. With the design of this system, hydroponic farmers can monitor water conditions automatically and in real-time, increasing efficiency and reducing human error in nutrient water management. The results of this study are expected to provide innovative solutions for the development of more efficient and sustainable hydroponic systems.
Predictive Modeling of Preeclampsia Risk Using Random Forest Algorithm within a Machine Learning Framework
Authors: Harizahayu Harizahayu , Friendly Friendly , Purwo Seputro Bintarto , Benar Benar , Hermanto Koko
Published: October 2024

Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure, potentially leading to organ damage, making early risk prediction crucial to reducing maternal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to develop a preeclampsia risk prediction model using medical and clinical data from 80 patients at Rumah Bersalin Sadan. The data include demographic profiles, blood pressure, weight, maternal age, preeclampsia history, body mass index, number of previous pregnancies, as well as genetic and environmental factors. The dependent variable is the risk of preeclampsia, either as a binary outcome (yes/no) or as a continuous risk score. The predictive model was built using multivariate linear regression and the Random Forest algorithm. The results showed that the Random Forest model achieved an accuracy of 65.22%, with an F-statistic of 7.345 and a very small p-value (1.908e-06), indicating that the model effectively explains data variability. However, the low Kappa value suggests room for improvement through feature refinement, hyperparameter tuning, or exploring other algorithms. Although these findings suggest that Random Forest is a promising method, further evaluation and model optimization are needed to enhance predictive performance and determine whether this method is the most suitable for the dataset used.
Web Based Production Scheduling Information System for a Shrimp Paste Factory Utilizing the Waterfall Method
Authors: Hasibuan Agung Setiawan , Suendri Suendri , Sibarani Fathiya Hasyifah
Published: October 2024

Communication was essential in various aspects of life due to the rapid development of information technology, including in the management of educational institutions and companies. PT. Sumber Nelayan Indonesia faced issues in production scheduling, where the process was still done manually using bookkeeping. This caused delays in order fulfillment, primarily due to machine breakdowns and human resource challenges that impacted the production process. Additionally, the company struggled to manage order data and machine capacity, making it difficult to estimate order completion times and the amount of output produced. This research aimed to develop a web-based management information system for scheduling using the Laravel framework to assist PT. Sumber Nelayan Indonesia in managing scheduling more effectively and efficiently. The research method employed was R&D, with the system development model following the waterfall method, utilizing PHP as the programming language and MySQL as the database. System testing was conducted using black box testing. The results of the research indicated that the developed system could help the company schedule production more efficiently, reduce delays, and improve operational efficiency.
Implementing Dynamic Systems Development Method for a Web-Based System to Evaluate Child Health and Growth
Authors: Aisah Nurkosrina , Ikhwan Ali
Published: October 2024

The Simpang Gambir UPTD Community Health Center has developed an innovative digital system to monitor the growth of toddlers. Previously, the recording of toddler growth data was done manually, often leading to data loss or damage. This new system is designed to address these issues and provide a more efficient and accurate solution. The system not only facilitates health center staff and posyandu cadres in monitoring toddler development but also assists them in creating digital growth reports. With this system, toddler growth data can be accessed quickly and easily, facilitating decision-making regarding child health management. One of the key features of this system is its ability to track toddler growth based on weight-for-age charts. This feature allows health workers to easily identify toddlers with nutritional problems and promptly provide necessary interventions. Additionally, the system is equipped with a fast data search feature, enabling staff to easily find specific toddler growth data. The development of this system utilizes the Dynamic System Development Method (DSDM), allowing for a structured and efficient development process. With this method, the system can be developed rapidly and in accordance with user needs.
A Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Models for SMS Spam Detection: CNN-LSTM, CNN-GRU, and ResNet Approaches
Authors: Airlangga Gregorius
Published: October 2024

Spam messages have become a growing challenge in mobile communication, threatening user security and data privacy. Traditional spam detection methods, including rule-based and machine learning techniques, are increasingly insufficient due to the evolving sophistication of spam tactics. This research evaluates the effectiveness of advanced deep learning models such as CNN-LSTM, CNN-GRU, and ResNet for SMS spam detection. The dataset used consists of diverse SMS messages labeled as either spam or legitimate (ham), ensuring broad coverage of real-world spam patterns. The study employs a robust ten-fold cross-validation approach to assess the generalization capabilities of the models, measuring performance based on accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. The results indicate that ResNet outperformed the other models, achieving an average accuracy of 99.08% and an F1 score of 0.9646, making it the most reliable model for spam detection. CNN-GRU demonstrated competitive performance with a balance between accuracy (98.97%) and computational efficiency, making it suitable for real-time applications. CNN-LSTM, while highly accurate (98.92%), showed a slightly lower recall compared to the other models, indicating a more cautious approach to detecting spam. These findings highlight the potential of hybrid deep learning models in addressing the complexities of SMS spam detection. Future research could focus on optimizing these models for deployment in resource-constrained environments, such as mobile devices, and further exploring the integration of residual connections for more effective spam filtering.
AI Ethics: The Bias Puzzle
Authors: CHISTRUGA Alexandru
Published: October 2024

The advantages of artificial intelligence are extensively discussed in specialized literature, which claim that technology has the power to fundamentally change society. However, rapid development of artificial intelligence does carry some serious risks, the most important of which is the spread of false and discriminatory information. Since artificial intelligence is "fed" with data from many sources, there is an increased risk that some of the data contains extremist or xenophobic literature. In such circumstances, artificial intelligence could spread extremely dangerous theories and ideas. Thus, government intervention is required to preserve control over the different data categories that developers have access to. As an example, we would like to bring up the fact that during testing, one of the most well-known AI interfaces, GPT-4, provided "advice" on how to murder a huge amount of people for a single dollar and what messages to promote in order to attract people to join Al-Qaeda.
The European Battle for Data in Tax Administration: Balancing Innovation and Compliance
Authors: IONAȘCU (POSTOLACHE) Laura-Elena
Published: October 2024

The development of Blockchain technology in recent years has underscored the need for legislative harmonisation through the creation of specific regulations at the level of the European Union. This technology has opened new doors to tax fraud and tax evasion activities in the tax field. As a response, the battle for data took the form of Council Directive (EU) 2023/2226 amending Directive 2011/16/EU on administrative cooperation in the field of taxation. The cost of ensuring transparency in this area falls on Crypto-Assets service providers, who are now required to collect and report more data to Member States. Through the fiscal cooperation mechanism, the tax authorities access to users' data is extensive, legitimised only by the interest to assure proper taxation and the security of the European Union`s internal market. In this context, this study aims to outline an overview of the data collected for tax purposes within the Blockchain sector and the obligations of the involved parties.
Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di Lombok NTB: Peluang, Tantangan dan Strategi
Authors: Zaelani  , Fitriani Iwan , Fattah Abdul
Published: October 2024

Curriculum changes are an integral part of efforts to improve the quality of education. The "Kurikulum Merdeka" (Independent Curriculum) is the latest innovation implemented by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology (Kemendikbudristek). This curriculum is designed to provide deeper learning experiences and focuses on strengthening students' competencies and character development. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Kurikulum Merdeka, identify opportunities and challenges, and outline strategic steps to leverage opportunities and overcome challenges in implementing the Kurikulum Merdeka at Elementary School (SDN) 1 Sandik and Elementary School (SDN) 1 Meninting. This research employes a descriptive qualitative approach, using a case study methodology. Data collection procedures include interviews, observations, and documentation. The data analysis technique utilized was qualitative analysis. The results of this study indicate that: 1) the implementation of the Kurikulum Merdeka in both schools began with understanding government regulations, followed by preparing documents such as the Operational Curriculum of Educational Units, creating teaching modules, project modules, and assessments. 2) The opportunities available to both schools include policies from the central and local governments regarding funding for the Kurikulum Merdeka, and support from school principals, teachers, and parents to back various programs. However, challenges arise from human resources (educator competencies). 3) The strategic steps taken by both schools to leverage opportunities and address challenges include maximizing the school's learning community to discuss the Kurikulum Merdeka, organizing workshops, participating in webinars, and undergoing independent training via the "Platform Merdeka Mengajar" application.
Kompetensi Manajerial Kepala Sekolah Dalam Mengembangkan Kinerja Guru
Authors: Dekamoy  , Al Idrus S. Ali Jadid , Efendi Harja
Published: October 2024

This study aims to explore and analyze the contribution of principals' managerial competencies in the development of teacher performance, focusing on five core competencies: personality, managerial, entrepreneurship, supervision, and social, as stipulated by Ministerial Regulation No. 13 of 2007. Using a descriptive method with a qualitative approach, the research was conducted at SMKS Yusuf Abdussatar, Kediri District, West Lombok, by collecting primary data through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The results show that the principal plays a crucial role in planning, organizational development, leadership of teachers and staff, management of facilities and infrastructure, and creating a conducive work culture, all of which significantly contribute to the improvement of teacher performance. This study provides a deep understanding of the importance of managerial competencies in achieving educational goals and offers practical strategies for principals and policymakers to enhance the quality of education through the development of managerial competencies.
Optimalisasi Pembelajaran Digital Menuju Era Digitalisasi Pendidikan Studi Kasus Di SMA Al Azhar 4 Kemang
Authors: Asrulla  , Latif Mukhtar , Anwar Kasful , Jeka Firdaus
Published: October 2024

This study aims to optimize learning in digital learning at SMA Islam Al Azhar 4 Kemang. Education significant transformation in the era of information technology, with the introduction of devices such as Smart Boards and iPads offering limitless potential in enhancing teaching and learning processes. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection techniques used by the researcher are FGD (Focus Group Discussion) and observation. The data analysis technique used by the researcher is descriptive analysis. The results of the study show that the interest of students at SMA Islam Al Azhar 4 Kemang increased after the use of digital learning media in the form of Smart Boards and iPads. Students felt the effectiveness of using digital learning media. The findings of this study are that the use of iPads can provide significant benefits in digital learning at SMA Islam Al Azhar 4 Kemang if used appropriately. Various learning on iPads can increase student interaction and involvement in the learning process. In addition, the integration of rich multimedia features in Smart Boards and iPads helps to explain complex concepts more clearly and attractively. The challenges that need to be overcome so that the potential of Smart Boards and iPads can be truly maximized in learning at SMA Islam Al Azhar 4 Kemang are the difficulty in integrating this technology into the existing curriculum and finding a balance between the use of technology with traditional teaching methods.
Evaluation Model of Islamic Religious Education Learning Program at Madrasah 'Aliyah Level in East Java
Authors: Achmadin Balya Ziaulhaq , Zuhriyah Indah Aminatuz , Barizi Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Evaluasi program pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di madrasah merupakan komponen penting untuk menjamin mutu dan efektivitas penyelenggaraan pendidikan. Akan tetapi, praktik evaluasi program Pendidikan Agama Islam di Madrasah Aliyah seringkali bersifat parsial dan terbatas pada penilaian capaian pembelajaran peserta didik. Padahal, terdapat berbagai model evaluasi program yang dapat diterapkan untuk menghasilkan suatu evaluasi yang komprehensif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi model evaluasi program pembelajaran PAI yang dapat diterapkan di Madrasah Aliyah, menganalisis kesesuaiannya dan implementasinya untuk meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran PAI di Madrasah Aliyah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan mengkaji program pembelajaran PAI di beberapa Madrasah Aliyah di Jawa Timur. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan telaah dokumen. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini mengidentifikasi beberapa model evaluasi program pembelajaran PAI yang dapat diterapkan di Madrasah Aliyah, dengan fokus pada evaluasi berbasis tujuan, evaluasi berbasis pemangku kepentingan, dan evaluasi responsif. Model-model tersebut dievaluasi berdasarkan kesesuaiannya dengan konteks, ruang lingkup, dan ketersediaan sumber daya.
Pembentukan Karakter Religius, Disiplin, dan Mandiri Siswa Taman Kanak-Kanak dalam Budaya Begibung pada Suku Sasak
Authors: Wahyuni Indriwati , Winata Aliahardi , Candra  , Isnaini  , Saddam  , Nizaar Muhammad
Published: October 2024

"Begibung," a communal dining tradition long practiced by the Sasak community, has now become the focus of research in the context of character formation among students at kindergarten. The research adopts a qualitative descriptive approach, with the study subjects comprising 20 students, 4 educators, and the head of the kindergarten. Research instruments include observation sheets, questionnaires, and interview guidelines, utilizing the Miles and Huberman method for data analysis to attain a comprehensive understanding of the effects of the communal dining program. The questionnaire comprises 5 items assessing religious character, 5 items for discipline, and 7 items for independence. Research findings indicate that the "Begibung" program in kindergarten effectively enhances religious character, achieving a commendable 89%. This outcome reflects the program's success in reinforcing religious values among students. Discipline character, reaching 74%, demonstrates a contribution in shaping student discipline through established rules. The independence character, marked at 65%, presents an opportunity for future enhancement in developing students' self-reliance, with a particular focus on personal initiative. The "Begibung" program in kindergarten proves to be highly  effective in shaping the religious, disciplinary, and independent characters of students. This research makes a positive contribution to understanding the potential of the "Begibung" program as a character formation strategy in kindergarten.
Preoperative clinical and paraclinical features and neck lymph metastasis in patients with follicular thyroid cancer undergoing surgery in National Hospital of Endocrinology
Authors: Le Tan Phat , Tran Ngoc Luong , Vu Ngoc Tu , Nguyen Duy Ho , Nguyen Tuan Dat
Published: October 2024

Background: Follicular thyroid cancer has a low rate of lymph node metastasis compared to other types. However, cervical lymph node metastasis is a risk factor for recurrence and distant metastasis, affecting the patient's prognosis. The study aims to evaluate the clinicopathologic features and metastasis states of follicular thyroid carcinoma at National hospital of Endocrinology.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 64 follicular thyroid carcinoma patients treated by surgery at National hospital of Endocrinology from June 2017 to March 2019.
Results: The mean age was 45,5 ± 13,1 and the female/male ratio was 15/1. Most patients presented with an asymptomatic and had a unilateral tumor with mean diameter was 15, 09 ± 8,42 mm. 73,4% of tumors were classifled as TIRADS 4 on ultrasound. FNA was not of great significance for diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma with undetermined  significance result in 40,6%. The overall rate of nodal metastasis was 29,7%, higher with cancer surgery in both lobes of the thyroid gland.
Conclusions: Follicular thyroid cancer has a higher rate of cervical lymph node metastasis in patients aged 55 years and older, with tumors in both lobes and larger than 2 cm. However, cervical lymph node metastasis in follicular thyroid cancer is lower than in other thyroid cancers and cytology is not of high value in preoperative diagnosis.
Early result of minimally invasive cardiac myxoma resection at University Medical Center, Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Le Thi Thuy Ngoc , Nguyen Hoang Dinh
Published: October 2024

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate various clinical and paraclinical characteristics, as well as early surgical outcomes of minimally invasive cardiac myxoma resection at University Medical Center HCMC.
Subjects and methods: This is a retrospective descriptive case series study involving all patients diagnosed with cardiac myxomas who underwent minimally invasive surgery at University Medical Center HCMC from January 2020 to June 2024.
Results: There were 31 patients, consisting of 22 females and 9 males. The mean age was 56,2 ± 10,7 years old (from 37 to 77 years old). The clinical manifestations were diverse: asymptomatic (45,2%), cerebral embolism (6,4%), fatigue (29,0%), dyspnea (35,5%), palpitations (12,9%), and dizziness (12,9%). Echocardiographic results: 90,3% left atrial myxoma, 9,7% right atrial myxoma. The tumor attachment sites: interatrial septum (93,6%), left atrial wall (6,4%). The average tumor size was 36,3 ± 15,1 mm. All tumors were completely resected (100%). Additional surgical procedures: mitral valve repair (3,2%), interatrial septum repair (6,4%). Cardiopulmonary bypass time was 82,4 ± 31,1 minutes (from 49 to 199 minutes), cross - clamp time was 39,2 ± 17,6 minutes (from 18 to 85 minutes), with 3 cases not requiring cardiac arrest. Ventilation time was 13,2 ± 6,3 hours (from 6,7 to 32,4 hours), intensive care unit stay was 52,6 ± 28,1 hours (from 13 to 113,7 hours), postoperative recovery time was 6,9 ± 2,3 days (from 4 to 16 days). Early outcomes: 3 cases of atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response, treated medically (9,7%), 1 case of acute kidney injury (3,2%), 4 cases of pleural effusion (12,9%), 3 cases of pneumothorax (9,7%), 1 case of right external iliac artery thrombosis requiring surgical thrombectomy (3,2%), and 2 cases of deep vein thrombosis (6,4%). No surgical site infections, cerebrovascular accidents, or mortality within 30 days post-surgery were reported.
Conclusion: Minimally invasive cardiac myxoma resection demonstrates a low complication rate, with no reported tumor recurrence or early postoperative mortality. This technique offers a safe and effective alternative to traditional median sternotomy and may be gradually adopted and implemented in lower - level healthcare facilities.
Descriptive analysis of a Community Paediatrics Hybrid Telemedicine/Face to Face service during implementation of community mitigation strategies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bahadursingh Prithiviraj , Rooplal M , Lodhar C , Roopchan N , Ali S , Paul N
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective
To describe reasons patients accessed the hybrid / telemedicine consultation service during the implementation of community mitigation strategies for COVID-19.

Methods
Patients accessing the hybrid / telemedicine consultation service during September to October 2020 were included. This was a descriptive study looking at morbidity data for these patients. Clinical data were recorded for all community paediatric service patients and percentages of patients accessing the service were recorded. Odds ratios were calculated to compare subgroups.

Results
A total of 204 consultations were enrolled. Of these, 114 (55.9%) telemedicine and 90 (44.1%) face to face. 99 (48.5%) were new patients. The odds that parents of new patients attending face-to-face consultation was lower compared to existing patients (OR 0.27; 95% CI 0.15-0.49; P 0.0001).

A total of 7 children (3.4%) attended face-to-face to complete assessments. 10 (5%) children attended but were not required to be present.

Of all the patients, 42 (20.6%) attended for Disability Assistance Grant (DAG) forms to be completed. The odds that a parent of a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or suspected ASD attended regarding the DAG form was higher compared to the rest of the group (OR 2.25; 95% CI 1.1-4.5; P 0.02).

Other reasons for consultations included 22 (10.8%) consulted for Special Educational Needs (SEN) medical reports, 34 (16.6%) attended for prescriptions: 14 (7%) Risperidal and 12 (6%) Methylphenidate and 8 (4%) consulted regarding face masks. 6 (3%) consulted for behavioural problems.

Conclusion
During COVID-19, community paediatric consultations were predominantly telemedicine and face-to-face without the child. Reasons for consultations included, DAG forms, prescriptions, SEN reports, behavioural problems and letters regarding face masks. Further research regarding the effectiveness of the hybrid telemedicine/face to face system is required.
A Short Report on Strokes at San Fernando General Hospital
Authors: Alexander Adrian , Abdool K , Hosein N , Ramesar A
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability globally and has been noted to have an increased incidence in developing countries. Despite being a highly prevalent non-communicable disease only limited data currently exist in Trinidad and Tobago. A cross-sectional study was done as an audit to assess stroke admissions for all patients older than 16 years old at San Fernando General Hospital. During the period 28th October, 2020 to 8th January, 2021 (72 days) there were 411 total stroke admissions (5.6 strokes per day). This consisted of 56.4% females and 43.6% males with the majority between the ages of 50 to 80 years for both sexes. Most stroke admissions were of Indo-Trinidadian ethnicity (60.2%) followed by Afro-Trinidadian (35.3%). Of the total stroke admissions  91.1% were found to be ischemic with 2.0% TIAs, and  5.9% hemorrhagic.  Hypertension was the most common comorbidity found in stroke patients followed by diabetes mellitus at 77% and 51% respectively. Of the total stroke admissions, 34% had previous strokes. Length of stay averaged 5.3 days with a standard deviation of 9 days. The derived estimate of 347 strokes per 100,000 per year is comparable to the highest incidence globally. This high incidence was revealed despite factors that may lead the overall total to be an underestimate (only one hospital’s region included and data collected during the COVID-19 pandemic). This preliminary study can be utilized to understand the burden of illness of stroke within one of the major hospitals in Trinidad and Tobago.
The Supreme Kadis (Mollas) of Bosnia in the Second Half of the 17th Century
Authors: Hodžić Muamer
Published: October 2024

The highest representative of the judicial authority and one of the most im- portant levers in the administrative apparatus of the Ottoman Empire in one province (eyalet) was the molla. He was granted extensive powers and the ability to control other officials of the Ottoman authority. Considering the role and importance of those high-ranking Ottoman officials, the paper aims to present the individuals who were appointed to the Eyalet of Bosna as well as the dynamics of changes in these positions in the second half of the 17th century. In cases where it was possible, insight was given into their education and experience, as well as some interesting facts from their lives. In order to achieve this, the contents of various individual and collective documents were analyzed. The presented data contribute to a better understanding of Ottoman judicial practice and the specific activities of judges in Bosnia in the 17th century.
Steganographic Metadata Embedding to Trace the Footprint of WhatsApp Images
Authors: Vaibhav Dobe  , Dhudhbahte Priyanka  , Riya Dhomne  , Komal Dumbare  , Dr. Suresh Mali
Published: October 2024

This research paper proposes a method to trace the footprint of senders while forwading of images on WhatsApp by embedding metadata (such as mobile numbers) using Least Significant Bit (LSB) steganography. The technique ensures that the hidden information is imperceptible to users and remains intact even after WhatsApp’s image compression. The method allows for tracking the digital footprint of images, providing traceability to combat misinformation, piracy, and privacy concerns. The system is robust, enabling metadata recovery after multiple shares, with applications in digital forensics, media integrity, and monitoring the spread of viral content
Spatial language in blind children: expressing location and motion without vision
Authors: Hickmann † Maya , Lewi-Dumont Nathalie , Galiano Anna Rita , Nys Marion , Bonnet Philippe
Published: October 2024

This study compares the performance of blind and sighted children (6-11 years old) in the production and comprehension of spatial prepositions and motion verbs in French language. In both populations, performance was better in comprehension than in production and with prepositions than with verbs. Performance was better in the sighted than in the blind, although with prepositions this difference mostly concerned young children and gradually disappeared thereafter. With verbs, population differences decreased only at 11 years and never disappeared entirely. In both populations, but especially among blind children, performance was better with prepositions marking containment or implying a vertical plane than with those implying a sagittal plane, particularly with non-oriented entities. Performance was also best when verbs implied a vertical plane (ascend, descend). The discussion explores implications of these results in light of blind children’s performance.
Biographie de Yvette Hatwell : Son rôle crucial dans les recherches sur le développement cognitif des enfants aveugles
Authors: Gentaz Edouard
Published: October 2024

Cet article texte présente la biographie de Yvette Hatwell, professeure émérite puis professeure honoraire à l'Université Pierre Mendès France de Grenoble. Ses recherches novatrices sur les capacités cognitives des enfants aveugles lui valent une reconnaissance notable. En 1975, elle fonde et dirige le Laboratoire de Psychologie Expérimentale à l'Université Pierre Mendès France de Grenoble, façonnant le paysage de la psychologie cognitive en France.
Imajinasi dalam Pendidikan: Studi Kritis dalam Perspektif Pedagogik Futuristik
Authors: Waryanti Waryanti , Herlambang Yusuf Tri , Muhtar Tatang
Published: October 2024

Imajinasi dalam pendidikan dianggap hanya khayalan, ilusi, dan, fantasi semata dikarenakan minimnya pengetahuan dari hakikat imajinasi itu sendiri. Penelitian ini akan membahas secara komprehensif terkait fundamentalnya imajinasi dalam pendidikan. Metode yang digunakan menggunakan studi literatur yang mengelaborasi serta mengkaji hingga memilah secara kritis mengenai sumber-sumber literatur yang relevan dengan topik yang diteliti untuk menghasilkan  penelitian yang berkualitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa imajinasi sangatlah fundamental perannya dalam pendidikan, hal ini dibuktikan dari imajinasi sebagai sumber pengetahuan yang dimana imajinasi sifatnya tidak terbatas oleh prinsip-prinsip pemikiran yang mengikat. Imajinasi merupakan hasil dari pengalaman indra manusia yang digambarkan dengan menghasilkan ide, gagasan, atau karya-karya yang sifatnya orisinil dan otentik. Pedagogik futuristik menjadi jembatan dalam menghubungkan imajinasi dengan pendidikan yang mengedepankan prinsip manusia sebagai makhluk yang multidimensional yang memiliki kemampuan berpikir masa depan, mengatasi permasalahan, dan menjawab tantangan masa depan, hingga memberikan solusi terhadap isu dalam masyarakat.
An approach to human behavior adaptable collaborative robot workplace design
Authors: Tuli Tadele Belay
Published: October 2024

Studies show that collaborative robots that can explain in real time what a human is doing and the passive underlying intention are likely to be positively perceived by human workers. In this respect, a seamless flow of information between human and machine systems in realtime is expected. This will push future collaborative robots‘ ability to work with humans at higher collaboration levels, including real cooperation or responsive collaboration with humans. This is crucial for collaborative robot applications to be used not in a similar way traditional industrial robots are used, i.e., rather than replacing humans engaging in real collaboration with them. Therefore, this work presents a bottom-up method for collaborative robot workplace design that uses models of individual human attention, intention, and action for cycle time synchronization to improve the performance of action prediction in planning the collaborative robot workplace design process. Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms VIII Symbols X Abstract XI Zusammenfassung XII 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Human individual collaborative ...
Efficacy of 10-day Sequential Treatment for Helicobacter pylori Eradication
Authors: Naz Lubna , Waqar Ayesha , Mahboob Maryam , Bhatti Asif Raza , Iftikhar Fazeelat , Rafique Zahra
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess the effectiveness and tolerability of a ten-day sequential regimen for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori.
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Medicine, NESCOM Hospital, Islamabad Medical Complex, Pakistan from Aug 2021 to Aug 2022.
Methodology: The patients were divided into two groups. The sequential therapy group (Group-A) was administered dual therapy including a proton pump inhibitor (Lansoprazole 30mg) plus Amoxicillin 1 gram given twice daily for first five days, followed by a triple therapy including Lansoprazole 30mg, Levofloxacin 500 mg and Tinidazole 500mg, all twice daily for remaining five days. Whereas traditional therapy group (Group-B) was given Lansoprazole 30 mg, Clarithromycin 500 mg, and Amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily for total 14 days.
Results: A total of 200 Helicobacter pylori positive cases were included. The mean age of all patients was 36.60±12.49 years whereas mean Body Mass Index was 28.19±4.02. A total of 140 patients had successful treatment in both groups out of which 87(87%) were in sequential treatment group and 53(53%) in the traditional treatment group (p-value <0.001). In terms of side effects, there were 18(8%) patients who suffered minor side effects out of which metallic taste was most common, 14(7%), followed by bloating and diarrhea. Both groups had comparable side effects (p =1.00).
Conclusion: Even with comparable side effects, the innovative 10-day sequential medication for the treatment of H. pylori is more successful than traditional triple regimen.
Comparison of Urine Specimen with Recto-Vaginal Swab to establish carriage of Group B Streptococcus Colonization in Pregnant Females
Authors: Chaudhary Nawwal Naeem , Mirza Irfan Ali , Umar Khurshid  , Muhammad Ammarah Iqbal , Gullalai Shazia , Naqvi Sakeenah Hussain
Published: October 2024

Objective: To determine maternal vaginal colonization with Group B Streptococcus using both recto-vaginal swab and mid-stream urine in order to determine which specimen type can give better results.
Study Design:  Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital and Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Jun 2022.
Methodology: Recto-vaginal swabs and mid-stream urine were taken from 194 pregnant women between 36th and 37th weeks of pregnancy. Swabs were inoculated on blood and MacConkey agar while urine specimen was inoculated on blood and CLED agar. All plates were incubated at 37°C in either ambient air or CO₂ incubator. Identification of Group B Streptococcus was made on the basis of colony morphology (β-haemolytic colonies on blood agar), Gram stain, catalase test and confirmation were done by means of latex agglutination tests.
Results: In comparison to urine, a Group B Streptococcus carriage rate of 8.2% was detected in recto-vaginal swab. Urine specimen of only 3 patients yielded growth of Group B Streptococcus giving a urine carriage rate of 1.5%.
Conclusion: Recto-vaginal swab gives a better insight to the presence of Group B Streptococcus as compared to mid-stream urine.
Efficacy of Suprachoroidal versus Intravitreal Triamcinolone Acetonide in Refractory Macular Edema; A Quasi-experimental study
Authors: Aslam Munazza , Nazir Tehmina , Intisarul Haq Rana , Asghar Asfandyar , Nadeem Sana , Obaid Naila
Published: October 2024

Objective: To compare the efficacy of suprachoroidal vs intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in management of refractory macular edema.
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study
Place and Duration of Study: Ophthalmology Department, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jun to Nov 2022.
Methodology: A total of three hundred and seventy-eight eyes of 189 patients were selected after approval from the Institutional Ethics Review Board. In this study, individuals were divided into two Groups using lottery method: Group-A, received suprachoroidal triamcinolone acetonide and Group-B, received intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide. After intervention, both Groups were followed up at 1 and 3 months. Baseline central macular thickness was noted in each Group. Patients were also observed for complications. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 was utilized for data analysis.
Results: No significant differences were noted between both Groups at baseline Central Macular Thickness (p-value =0.29), However, significant difference was noted at 3-month Central Macular Thickness (p-value as <0.001). Very few compli-cations were observed in both Groups.
Conclusion: This study revealed that both suprachoroidal and intravitreal routes of administering triamcinolone acetonide were equally effective. Significant reduction in Central Macular Thickness and no increase in Intraocular Pressure along with better tolerance for treatment were seen in suprachoroidal route in our research which indicated its safety.
Parents Perception on use of Antibiotics in Children
Authors: Zeb Hafiza Hira , Zaman Saeed , Khan Masud Murad , Shafique Muhammad Faisal , Nadeem Muhammad Tariq , Yousaf Waseem Pasha
Published: October 2024

Objective: To determine parents’ perception on use of antibiotics in children.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Paediatrics, Combined Military Hospital, Kharian Pakistan, from Jul 2022 to Mar 2023.
Methodology: Fifty parents aged 18-50 years were included in the study. Their parity, education levels, knowledge and attitudes on antibiotic use, including basic concepts of antibiotics, indications of antibiotic, administration of antibiotics, Antimicrobial Resistance and other side effects; parental experiences and practices around buying antibiotics without a prescription and parental experiences regarding using antibiotics to treat their children themselves were noted.
Result: Sixteen respondents (32%) were male and 34(68%) were female. It was found that most parents used Cefixime 28(56%), followed by Amoxicillin, and Azithromycin. Twenty-three (46%) participants stated that antibiotics could cure infections caused by viruses. Eighty-eight percent participants knew that antibiotics should only be taken according to doctor’s prescription. Almost half of parents believed that antibiotics should be withdrawn as soon as the symptoms disappear. About 26% of parents believed that antibiotics could prevent the common cold. Thirty-six (72%) parents agreed that overuse of antibiotics exists in Pakistan.
Conclusion: Poor knowledge or understanding of antibiotic usage persists among parents in Pakistan. A doctor's prescription for antibiotics may have an impact on how parents use those medicines on their children.
A Comparative Study of Serum Adiponectin and Insulin Resistance In Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Arif Amena , Anees Robina , Rashid Amir , Ahmed Naeema
Published: October 2024

Objective: To assess correlation between serum adiponectin levels and insulin resistance in patients with Polycystic ovary syndrome.
Study Design: Comparative Cross-Sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: PNS Hafeez Hospital, Islamabad Pakistan, and Multidisciplinary Lab-I, Department of Biochemistry, Army Medical College Rawalpindi, Pakistan from Feb 2018 to Jan 2019.
Methodology: Three groups (35 females each) were formed from selected one hundred and five females (puberty till 25 years) who had Polycystic ovary syndrome. After overnight fast, blood samples were collected to measure serum levels of insulin and adiponectin. Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was used to calculate insulin resistance.
Results: The over-weight PCOS subgroup displayed lowest serum adiponectin level (8.73±2.13 mg/L; 13.87±3.60 mg/L in normal weight PCOS and 15.09±3.07 mg/L in controls). There was statistical significance of serum Fasting Blood Glucose (mmol/L, p=0.002), serum Insulin (mIU/L; p=0.003) andserum Adiponectin levels (mg/L; p˂0.001) and HOMA-IR (p<0.001) among three groups. The over-weight PCOS subgroup presented with highest HOMA-IR (1.71±0.19; 1.35±0.25 in normal weight PCOS subgroup and 1.12±0.26 in controls). There is negative correlation between serum adiponectin and HOMA-IR with r= -0.46.
Conclusion: In PCOS-affected females, HOMA-IR correlates inversely with serum adiponectin levels, signifying that abdominal adiposity indirectly favors insulin resistance in PCOS through decrease in adiponectin secretion. Serum adiponectin level is negatively associated with severity of IR in PCOS.