bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on factors affecting the continued residence of the elderly in Gimhae City, Gyeongnam
Authors:   Korean Aging-Frendly Ind Assoc, Kim Jong-Hyun , Yang Yeong-Ae
Published: January 2025

Objective : This study aims to empirically analyze the desire for continued residence among the elderly aged 65 or older living in Gimhae-si, Gyeongnam.
Methods : A survey was conducted from January 29, 2022 to March 30, 2022 targeting seniors aged 65 or older in the Gimhae area. The 220 collected questionnaires were coded and data analysis was conducted using the SPSS Statistics 23.0 program. For this study, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were conducted using the SPSS Statistics 23.0 program.
Results : As a result of analyzing the correlation between factors affecting the continued residence of seniors aged 65 and over in Gimhae City, there was a significant correlation between the dependent variable and each variable. In addition, the factors affecting the dependent variable, continued residence, were gender, period of residence, satisfaction with the local community, and community satisfaction.
Conclusion : This study has identified factors that affect the desire for continued residence of the elderly in Gimhae City. Based on this, it is expected that various policies will be promoted to support the continued residence of the elderly in cities, counties, or rural areas, which are aging and dis appearing more quickly than urban areas.
Development and Effectiveness Analysis of a Visual Assistive Device for Preventing Pedal Confusion in Elderly Drivers
Authors:   Korean Aging-Frendly Ind Assoc, Lee Min-Young , Kang Min-Ji , Lee Eun-Min , Kim Je-Rry , Kim Seong-Soo , Jang Tae-Yong
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study aimed to develop a visual assistive device to prevent pedal confusion accidents and analyze its effectiveness and necessity.
Methods : The study participants consisted of five elderly drivers who had experienced pedal confusion, and the analysis was conducted using the self-report driving assessment tool, SAFE-DR (Self-report Assessment Forecasting Elderly Driving Risk), as well as a survey on willingness to use the device and interviews regarding their experiences with pedal confusion.
Results : The self-reported assessments of the drivers who had experienced pedal confusion revealed that all participants were taking medications daily. Additionally, they reported difficulties with reading small print, reversing, navigating through complex intersections, and quickly pressing the brake pedal. In the survey on the visual assistive device, all respondents expressed a willingness to use the device and indicated that they believed it would help prevent pedal confusion.
Conclusion : This study developed a visual aid device to prevent pedal confusion among elderly drivers and analyzed its effectiveness and necessity based on feedback from drivers who had experienced pedal confusion. The findings suggest that the visual aid device can contribute to reducing the likelihood of pedal confusion in elderly drivers, thereby positively impacting traffic accident prevention and driver safety.
The utility of SNSB-II for the comparison of cognitive function of dementia patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia, vascular dementia and Parkinson's disease
Authors:   Korean Aging-Frendly Ind Assoc, Ko Seon-Ja , Son Chong-Nak
Published: January 2025

Objective : The purpose of this study was to compare the cognitive function of dementia patients with Alzheimer's disease dementia, vascular dementia and Parkinson's disease using SNSB-II and to investigate the performance differences of three types of dementia patients in five cognitive domains: attention, language, visual-spatial, memory, and frontal-executive function.
Methods : The three groups consisted of 393 patients with Alzheimer's disease, 153 patients with vascular dementia, and 26 patients with Parkinson's disease. The differences in performance between the three groups were compared through ANOVA, and Bonferroni adjustment was conducted when significant differences were found.
Results : As a result of the analysis, there was no difference in the five cognitive domains of the three groups, but some individual subtests showed differences in the performance variables reflecting the cognitive characteristics of each group: The score of verbal memory recognition was lower in the Alzheimer's disease dementia group than in the Parkinson's disease dementia group, and executive function, planning and control ability, which are frontal lobe functions, were higher in the vascular dementia group and the Parkinson's disease dementia group than in the Alzheimer's disease dementia group.
Conclusion : The differences among neuropsychological performance variables of three types of dementia patients, the usefulness of SNSB-II as an assessment tool for dementia, limitations of the study, and points to be considered in follow-up studies were discussed.
A Qualitative Study on the Provision of Home-Based Occupational Therapy Rehabilitation Services Using Focus Group Interviews (FGI)
Authors:   Korean Aging-Frendly Ind Assoc, Park Su-Hyang
Published: January 2025

Objective : This study aims to analyze the experiences, environmental constraints, and responses of clients and families in providing home-based occupational therapy services, to offer practical evidence for improving client-centered care and strengthening the rehabilitation system.
Methods: Four occupational therapists were recruited for focus group interviews in July and August 2024 to provide foundational data on home-based occupational therapy services. The study followed six stages: expert selection, preparation, interviews, transcription, analysis, and result derivation.
Results: Based on the interview recordings and transcriptions, results were derived for four main topics: experiences and effects of providing occupational therapy, advantages and disadvantages of the service, relationship building with clients, and areas for improvement and necessary support.
Conclusion: In home-based occupational therapy rehabilitation services, a client-centered approach and training in real-life environments yield positive effects. However, to address drawbacks such as the lack of therapeutic tools and difficulties in scheduling, increasing treatment sessions, formal recognition of fees, and policy support are necessary.
A Study on the e-Health Literacy and Attitudes toward the Elderly of University Students Majoring in Health and Welfare in Busan and Gyeongsang Province
Authors:   Korean Aging-Frendly Ind Assoc, Shin Joong-Il , Cho Mi-Lim
Published: January 2025

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the e-health literacy and attitudes toward the elderly of university students majoring in health and welfare in Busan and Gyeongsang province, e-health literacy and attitudes toward the elderly according to general characteristics.
Methods : From November 30, 2024 to December 11 of the same year, a survey on e-health literacy and attitudes toward the elderly was conducted for the university students majoring in health and welfare in Busan and Gyeongsang province. An online survey was conducted using Google, and a total of 120 data were used for result analysis. For data analysis, frequency analysis and descriptive statistics, Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA were conducted using the SPSS 25.0 program. Post-test was conducted with the Scheffé test for significant items.
Results : The average of the total score of e-health literacy among college students was 3.91±0.57 points, which was above average, and functional e-health literacy was the highest, followed by communicative and critical literacy. The average of the total score of attitudes toward the elderly was 3.08±0.45 points, which was evaluated as normal. The e-health literacy showed significant differences according to self-perceived health status, health interest, health management time, and volunteer work experience for the elderly(p<0.05). Attitudes toward the elderly showed significant differences according to self-perceived health conditions (p<0.01), and attitude scores were higher when they thought they were 'healthy' or 'very healthy' than the group who thought they were 'unhealthy'.
Conclusion : Based on this study, various education and programs that can improve e-health literacy and attitudes toward the elderly should be discussed in order to cultivate university students as health and welfare-related experts who can contribute to the community.
Effects of Manual Therapy and Resistance Band Exercises on Sarcopenia and Joint Function in Adults Aged 65 and Older: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors:   Korean Aging-Frendly Ind Assoc, Kim Seong-Su , Shin Seung-Woo
Published: January 2025

Objective : This study aimed to evaluate the effects of combined manual therapy and resistance band exercises on sarcopenia and joint function in elderly individuals aged 65 years or older, providing scientific evidence for effective intervention programs to improve physical function.
Methods : A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 32 older adults aged 65 and above, recruited from the G Welfare Center in Gwangju. Participants were randomly assigned to either the experimental group (manual therapy combined with exercise therapy) or the control group (manual therapy only), with 16 participants in each group. During the study, 12 participants dropped out, leaving 10 participants in each group for the final analysis. The intervention was conducted over six weeks, with a total of 12 sessions. The intervention effects were analyzed through various physical function assessments, including balance ability, gait speed, sit-to-stand performance, shoulder and pelvic height, and grip strength.
Results : Following the combined intervention of manual therapy and resistance band exercises, the experimental group showed significant improvements in balance ability and ROM (p<0.05), as well as greater changes in sit-to-stand performance (p=0.003). Gait speed significantly increased only in the experimental group (p=0.046), while grip strength showed no significant changes in either group (p>0.05).
Conclusion : The combined intervention of manual therapy and resistance band exercises demonstrated significant improvements in balance ability and lower limb function in older adults (p<0.05). This suggests a synergistic effect of manual therapy and resistance exercises, highlighting their potential as a rehabilitation protocol for reducing fall risk and enhancing physical function.
Student perspective on the contribution of scientific research to society and its importance in university education
Authors: Carrillo–Beltrán Julio César Cuauhtémoc , Suárez-Flores Marina , González- Hernández Maricruz , Aguirre-Bravo Anna Alessandra
Published: January 2025

This article presents an exploratory study conducted with 177 students from the Academic Unit
of Accounting and Administration (UACyA) at the Autonomous University of Nayarit. The study
aimed to analyze students' perceptions of scientific research and its importance in university
education. A descriptive quantitative approach was employed, using an online survey through
Google Forms to gather data from a sample of students in their first, third, fifth, and seventh
semesters of the bachelor’s degrees in marketing, Administration, Accounting, and International
Business. The sample selection was conducted randomly, including students from both morning
and afternoon shifts. The research focused on understanding students' views on the integration of
research into the university curriculum, opportunities for participation in research projects, the
impact of research on their professional and personal development, and their perception of the
contribution of scientific research to society. The results revealed a significant gap between the
importance given to scientific research in academia and students' perception of its value. The
study highlights the need to implement strategies to foster a culture of research at UACyA,
including the integration of research into study plans, the development of scientific literacy
programs that clearly and accessibly explain the value of scientific research, and the creation of
opportunities for student participation in research projects.
La interpretación de análisis en Agronomía. Análisis de suelo (parte 2)
Authors: García López Ana Maria , Nieto Cantero Juan , Becerra Vela Isabel María , Pérez Picón María , Moreno Aguirre María Teresa , Carmona Chiara Eusebio , Recena Garrido Ramiro , Delgado García Antonio , Quintero Ariza José Manuel
Published: January 2025

Estos vídeos educativos están diseñados para facilitar la comprensión e interpretación de los análisis de suelo, agua y planta más usuales en agronomía, conceptos claves de las asignaturas de Principio de Producción Vegetal y Fitotecnia General en el Grado en Ingeniería Agrícola. En este segundo video se muestras parámetros químicos fundamentales como pH, conductividad eléctrica, contenido en carbonatos y caliza activa, así como nutrientes esenciales como fósforo y nitrógeno en suelo.

Este video educativo va dirigido al público en general con especial atención al alumnado de asignaturas relacionadas con las ciencias agronómicas.

Mediante esto recurso audiovisual, el vídeo muestra los principales análisis químicos de suelos, su metodología y claves para una buena interpretación de los resultados.
La interpretación de análisis en Agronomía. Análisis foliar
Authors: Nieto Cantero Juan , García López Ana María , Pérez Picón María , Becerra Vela Isabel María , Moreno Aguirre María Teresa , Carmona Chiara Eusebio , Recena Garrido Ramiro , Delgado García Antonio , Quintero Ariza José Manuel
Published: January 2025

Estos vídeos educativos estás diseñados para facilitar la comprensión e interpretación de los análisis de suelo, agua y planta más usuales en agronomía, conceptos claves de las asignaturas de Principio de Producción Vegetal y Fitotecnia General en el Grado en Ingeniería Agrícola. El diagnostico nutricional de los cultivos es clave para determinar posibles carencias nutricionales o toxicidad que pueden afectar al rendimiento de estos. En este video se muestran los parámetros fundamentales, así como las técnicas empleadas en el análisis foliar para establecer los niveles críticos de diferentes macro y micronutrientes esenciales.

Este video educativo va dirigido al público en general con especial atención al alumnado de asignaturas relacionadas con las ciencias agronómicas.

Mediante esto recurso audiovisual, el vídeo muestra los principales análisis foliares, su metodología y claves para una buena interpretación de los resultados pudiendo diagnosticar carencias nutricionales en plantas.
La interpretación de análisis en Agronomía. Análisis de aguas de riego
Authors: Nieto Cantero Juan , García López Ana María , Pérez Picón María , Becerra Vela Isabel María , Moreno Aguirre María Teresa , Carmona Chiara Eusebio , Recena Garrido Ramiro , Delgado García Antonio , Quintero Ariza José Manuel
Published: January 2025

Estos vídeos educativos están diseñados para facilitar la comprensión e interpretación de los análisis de suelo, agua y planta más usuales en agronomía, conceptos claves de las asignaturas de Principio de Producción Vegetal y Fitotecnia General en el Grado en Ingeniería Agrícola. En este video se establecen los parámetros para evaluar la calidad del agua de riego. El agua empleada para cubrir las necesidades hídricas de los cultivos debe ser analizada en parámetros establecidos por la FAO como pH, salinidad, sodicidad, o problemas varios como la toxicidad o la concentración en nitratos. Conocer estos parámetros es fundamental para evitar o solucionar posibles problemas en el suelo o en los cultivos debido a una baja calidad del agua.

Este video educativo va dirigido al público en general con especial atención al alumnado de asignaturas relacionadas con las ciencias agronómicas.

Mediante este recurso audiovisual, el vídeo muestra los principales análisis químicos de aguas empleadas para riego, su metodología y claves para una buena interpretación de los resultados.
الرقابة الجمركية على البضائع بين الوظيفة الحمائیة وتيسير حركة التجارة الدولية: دراسةً تحليليَّةً في قانون الجمارك الأردني
Authors: Al-Aroud Oday Mahmoud
Published: January 2025

الأهداف: التطرق لمفهوم وطبيعة الرقابة الجمركية، إذ يقع عاتق الجمارك مهمة التوفيق بين التسهيلات الجمركية بهدف تشجيع الاستثمارات، وزيادة التنافسية من جهة، وحتمية الرقابة من جهة أخرى، ومناقشة تأثير الرقابة الجمركية على التجارة الدولية، خاصة في ظل التحرير الكامل للتجارة الخارجية، وانضمام الأردن للمنظمة العالمية للتجارة.
المنهجية: سنعتمد في إعداد هذه الدّراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، حيث تم تحليل مجموعة من النصوص التشريعية المحلية المتعلقة بذات الإجراء.
النتائج: إن الدور الرقابي الذي تلعبه دائرة الجمارك لا يقتصر على محاربة الجرائم الماسة باقتصاد الدولة، بحيث تهدف إلى تحقيق موازنة بين التسهيلات الجمركية، وحتمية الرقابة التي تضمن تحصيل الرسوم الجمركية، وضبط مختلف الجرائم الجمركية، ومع تثمين مختلف الأحكام الناظمة لإجراء الرقابة الجمركية، إلا أنه من الضروري إصدار نصوص تنظيمية جديدة تتوافق مع التنظيم الإداري الجمركي وحركة التجارة العالمية.
الخلاصة: الرقابة الجمركية لا تحقق غرضاً في ذاته؛ بل إنها تخدم في ذات الوقت أكثر من غرض، وتحقق عدّة غايات، وهذا هو الواقع المألوف نظراً لتشابك مصالح الدولة، وارتباط كل منها بالآخر.
التأجير التمويلي وأثره على المنشآت الصغيرة في فلسطين
Authors: Frehat Aya Raed , Khalil Amir Marzouq
Published: January 2025

الأهداف: تهدف الدراسة التعرف إلى ماهية عقد التأجير التمويلي، وتوضيح أثره في تمويل المنشآت الصغيرة، والتعرف إلى مبررات لجوء المنشآت الصغيرة إلى عقد التأجير التمويلي، من خلال توضيح خصائص وصور عقد التأجير التمويلي مع توضيح المخاطر، والضمانات، ودراسة أثره على العمالة لديها.
المنهجية: اتبعت هذه الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لأحكام التشريعات التي نظمت عقود التأجير التمويلي، والتطرق إلى بعض الجوانب القانونية للتأجير التمويلي في التشريعات المقارنة، وبعض التوجهات الدولية (اتفاقية أوتاوا للتأجير التمويلي، قانون يونيدروا النموذجي للتأجير التمويلي). إضافة إلى الاستناد إلى البيانات المنشورة على الموقع الرسمي لهيئة سوق رأس المال الفلسطينية في تحليل قيمة عقود شركات التأجير التمويلي.
النتائج: بلغت نسبة التأجير التمويلي للمنشآت الصغيرة بشكل تقريبي ما بين 40 % الى 50 % من عقود شركات التأجير التمويلي، وهي نسبة مرتفعة، كما تبين أهمية التأجير التمويلي في الحفاظ على الاستقرار المالي والحفاظ على عدد العمال لدى المنشآت الصغيرة، فقد تبين أن نسبة الزيادة في العمالة تبلغ 14.2857%.
الخلاصة: توصلت الدراسة إلى أهمية عقد التأجير التمويلي في تمويل المنشآت الصغيرة، وتوصي الدراسة إلى العديد من التوصيات أهمها تضمين القرار بقانون رقم (6) لسنة 2014م بنصوص مواد تمنح إعفاءات ضريبية من الرسوم والضرائب للمنشآت الصغيرة.
النظام التأديبي في جهاز الأمن العام الأردني
Authors: Awamleh Omar Salman
Published: January 2025

الأهداف: تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى التعريف بالمخالفات والجزاءات التأديبية وسلطات التأديب وضمانات التأديب لمنتسبي جهاز الأمن العام، وأحكام التقادم والعفو ووقف تنفيذ العقوبة الجنائية على التأديب.
المنهجيه: استخدمت هذه الدراسة المنهج الوصفي والاستقرائي والتحليلي في دراسه الموضوع من الزاوية التشريعية والتطبيقية.
النتائج: إن المحظورات الواردة في المادة (36) من قانون الأمن العام وإن كانت ذات طبيعة تأديبية، إلا أن المشرع أراد إخراجها من نطاق التأديب إلى نطاق الجنح العسكرية وهي لا تعدو أن تكون إخلالاً بالضبط والربط العسكري وخروجاً عن واجبات ومقتضيات الوظيفة. كما توصلت الدراسة الى إن تقادم العقوبة التبعية (عدم الترفيع) والواردة في نص المادة (28/ز) من قانون الأمن العام، يكون بمضي المده الوارده فيها بعد الحكم بالحبس أو الحسم
الخلاصة: توصي الدراسة بأن يتم تعديل البند (14) من المادة (36) من قانون الأمن العام المتعلقة بالجهة المختصة بالمحاكمة عن إتيان المحظورات؛ لتصبح المدير أو من يفوضه. كما توصي الدراسة أن يتم النص على تقادم المخالفة التأديبية في قانون الأمن العام وتقادم أثر الجزاء التأديبي وتقادم الجزاء التأديبي نفسه.
Effectiveness of the Palestinian Civil Police’s Accountability and Complaint System
Authors: Abdelbaqi Mustafa
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the Palestinian Police’s accountability and complaints system, especially in light of the existing paradox in assessing the nature and role of the police. Essentially, the main goal of the police is to protect the rights and freedom of citizens; however, their authority might be abused by resorting to verbal and physical assaults against suspects and offenders under the pretext that these are essential to the task of crime control.
Methods: The study uses the descriptive analytical approach, as well as the empirical method to obtain statistics and data provided by official and non-official human rights institutions. Interviews were held with decision-makers in the civil police force, relevant human rights organizations and international and foreign organizations situated in Palestine. Face-to-face and phone interviews were held with some victims who filed complaints against police officers.
Results: The findings can be summarized by a lack of a clear conceptual structure and lack of coordination between accountability units. Moreover, the complaints system suffers from a duplication of complaints units across different institutions, which causes a depletion of the already scarce financial support.
Conclusions: The study concludes that the Palestinian police should simplify the structure of the accountability and complaints system, ensure public access to accountability units, and pay particular attention to complaints filed by marginalized and vulnerable individuals, especially women, children and the physically challenged.
نطاق المسؤولية الجزائية عن الاستخدام غير المشروع لتقنية النانو الطبية في القانونين الأردني والمصري
Authors: Al-Haddad Mohannad Walid
Published: January 2025

الأهداف: تهدف الدراسة إلى تسليط الضوء على الإطار القانونّي للمسؤولية الجزائية عن كافة الأعمال التي يباشرها المختصّون في تقنّية النانّو في المجال الطبّي، كمّا تهدف إلى توجيه الأنظار إلى مدى تجريم عواقب استخدام تقنّية النانّو الطبّية، من خلال تحديد نطاق المسؤولية الجزائية عن الاستخدام غير المشروع لها، وسُبّل تحقّق أسباب التبرير وتطبيقاتها في هذا المجال.
المنهجية: كان من الضرورة توجيه الأنظار نحو ظاهرة تقنّية لنانّو طبّية فريدة ممّا تعيّن البحث في قواعد المسؤولية الجزائية المترتبة عنها، لذا تطلّبت طبيعة البحث الاعتماد على ثلاثة مناهج علمية؛ الأوّل: المنهج التأصيلي، الثاني: المنهج التحليلي، الثالث: المنهج المقارن.
النتائج: أظهرت الدراسة وجود العديد من الإشكاليات التي تلازم قواعد المسؤولية الجزائية الناشئة عن الاستخدام غير المشروع لتقنّية النانّو الطبّية، ويعود ذلك لأن هذه التقنّية تجاوزت حدود الأعمال الطبّية التقليدية، وخاصةً في مجال التجارب الطبّية على الإنسان.
الخلاصة: صفوة هذه الدراسة أنّ تقنيّة النانّو الطبيّة محاطة بالكثير منّ المشاكل على رأسها أنّها تجاوزت حدود الأعمال الطبّية التقليدية، الأمر الذي يحتمل معه وجود جرائم ترتكب ضد المرضى، خاصةً في مجال الطبّ التجريبي، الأمر الذي يعتذر معه أحياناً معرفة السبّب، وكذلك المتسبّب في حدوثه، كوّن أثره قد تكتشف بعد مضي زمن طويل، ممّا يجعل صعوبة البحث في العلاقة السببّية بين السلوك المجرم والنتيجة الناشئة عنه، ومع ذلك استطاعت هذه الدراسة بيان الصلّة التي تربط تقنيّة طبّ النانّو، ونظام المسؤولية الجزائية الطبّية المقرّر بموجب قانون المسؤولية الطبّية والصحة الأردني والمقارن.
Principal burnout: A systematic review
Authors: Rogers Laura K. , Nguyen Tuan , Timmer Marieke , Samson Joshua
Published: January 2025

Concern about occupational burnout among school principals has grown dramatically since the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly as a potential driver of high principal turnover. However, a lack of field knowledge about how burnout manifests for principals limits the formation of appropriate policies and practices to address burnout in this population. In this systematic review, we identify the definitions, antecedents, correlates, and consequences of principal burnout from the existing research. We coded 99 empirical studies of principal burnout written between 1983 and early 2022. Three themes emerge from the review findings: First, most studies relied on one or more definitions of burnout developed for general human service fields, particularly the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Second, studies focused on the antecedents of principal burnout rather than the consequences. Third, many studies of principal burnout were of lower quality, and none employed a causal framework to understand principal burnout. Although teacher burnout has been reviewed at length, ours is the first review to focus specifically on school principal burnout.
Quantization tolerant network design and performance estimation of computation-in-memory for energy-efficient 3D object detection inference
Authors: Nagai Ayumu , Ichikawa Yuya , Matsui Chihiro , Takeuchi Ken
Published: January 2025

This work discusses network architecture, network training method, and a quantization method for achieving a low-energy and high-energy-efficient system, aiming at equipping robots and automobiles such as Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) with Computation-in-Memory (CiM) and performing 3D object detection with low energy consumption. Augmented Point Cloud VoxelNet (APCVN) is a network that improves inference accuracy by allowing a slight increase in computational complexity. Multi-Stage Quantization Aware Training (MSQAT) and U-Quantization (UQ) are a learning method and a quantization strategy, respectively, that improve the quantization tolerance of APCVN. Furthermore, quantitative calculations are conducted to estimate ADC energy consumption per inference, operations per second, energy efficiency, memory array area, memory capacity, and latency per inference in the assumed CiM system. Results show that by applying proposed methods, ADC energy consumption per inference is reduced by 8.7% and energy efficiency is improved by 1.6 times while maintaining high inference accuracy.
Machine learning-based laser heterodyne photothermal displacement method: simultaneous estimation of silicon thermal diffusivity and carrier lifetime
Authors: Urano Shota , Harada Tomoki , Ikari Tetsuo , Kutsukake Kentaro , Fukuyama Atsuhiko
Published: January 2025

The laser heterodyne photothermal displacement (LH-PD) method, a recently developed photothermal technique, enables the measurement of absolute surface displacements, which are otherwise challenging to measure with other photothermal methods. This method offers significant potential for quantifying physical properties that are difficult to achieve with traditional photothermal methods. In this study, we aimed to estimate the thermal diffusivity and carrier lifetime of Si using a machine-learning model based on the time variation of the displacement obtained using the LH-PD method. By leveraging the machine learning model, we generated predictive mappings of thermal diffusivity and carrier lifetime of a pattern-etched Si wafer from the displacement mappings. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated that fine-tuning the model enabled accurate predictions of the carrier lifetime. While traditional simulations require tens of hours to estimate the material parameters, machine learning reduced this process to only a few seconds.
Evaluation of the effect of hydrogen plasma treatment on the chemical bonding state and distribution of hydrogen in silicon nitride films by angle-resolved hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Authors: Kirihara Yoshiharu , Omata Haruto , Yasui Akira , Nakagawa Kiyokazu , Mitani Yuichiro , Nohira Hiroshi
Published: January 2025

The presence of hydrogen-incorporated defects in silicon nitride (SiN) films has been reported to degrade device properties, such as NAND flash memory. Therefore, controlling the amount of hydrogen defects in SiN films to achieve high device reliability is important. This study investigated hydrogen desorption using hydrogen plasma treatment to reduce hydrogen-incorporated defects in SiN films. Secondary ion mass spectrometry measurements showed that the hydrogen concentration in SiN films does not change significantly pre- and post-treatment. However, the trap levels in SiN films determined using the Poole–Frenkel analysis of hole currents showed a clear deepening after the plasma treatment. Angle-resolved hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements suggested that hydrogen plasma treatment decreases the ratio of silicon to hydrogen or nitrogen to hydrogen bonds as a function of treatment time.
Comprehensive analysis of determining factors of the effective work function of TiAlC/TiN metal gates for advanced gate-all-around CMOS integration
Authors: Manabe Kenzo , Uejima Kazuya , Ota Hiroyuki , Morita Yukinori , Irisawa Toshifumi , Hayashi Yoshihiro
Published: January 2025

We have examined the determining factor of the effective work function (EWF) for an n-channel MOSFET (n-type EWF) in TiAlC/TiN metal gates on high-k gate dielectrics (HK). From electrical and physical evaluations of the bottom TiN between HK and TiAlC (BTM-TiN), the obtained results suggest that the dominant factor for the n-type EWF of TiAlC/TiN metal gates is not the fixed charge in the gate dielectric but the vacuum work function of BTM-TiN. It was found that TiN with low oxygen content has a vacuum work function of 3.8 eV, suitable for an n-channel MOSFET although TiN has been believed to be suitable for a p-channel MOSFET. We also found that its vacuum work function increases with increasing oxygen content. Based on these results, we proposed an oxygen scavenging from BTM-TiN(O) by Al in TiAlC as a novel mechanism for the n-type EWF for TiAlC/TiN metal gates.
Pengenalan Pola Hidup Sehat dan Bersih pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar Pancoran 3 Bondowoso Guna Mengatasi Stunting pada Usia Anak Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Puspito Agung Nugroho , Ubaidillah Mohammad , Suud Hasbi Mubarak , Faiqah Qazzalva Nidya , Kaylani Gyzna Luzetta , Aliyah Rachmah , Putri Duety Nectarinia , Azzahra Ajeng Putri
Published: January 2025

Bondowoso is one of the 3 cities with the highest stunting rates in East Java. This social project aims to introduce a healthy and clean lifestyle to elementary school students in Pancoran 3, Bondowoso Regency. to overcome the stunting often experienced by elementary school children, especially adolescent girls. In addition, this project also aims to change student behavior by implementing a healthy and clean lifestyle in everyday life. The research method used is conventional, which involves presentations, discussions, and practices on healthy and clean lifestyles with participants in grades 5 and 4 and aged 11- 12 years. This activity was carried out 4 times during October 2024. The study results showed that almost all elementary school students in Pancoran 3 understand healthy and clean lifestyles well, but many still do not understand how to apply healthy and clean lifestyles in everyday life.
The Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Kesadaran Siswa SD Negeri Kretek 1 Mengenai Pola Hidup Sehat, Gizi Seimbang, dan Bahaya MalnutrisiPeningkatan Pengetahuan dan Kesadaran Siswa SD Negeri Kretek 1 Mengenai Pola Hidup Sehat, Gizi Seimbang, dan Bahaya Malnutrisi
Authors: Puspito Agung Nugroho , Ubaidillah Mohammad , Verizkyani Najwa Gia , Memmase Ladynda Dewilova , Khofia Alza Annisa Nidaan , Muhammad Abd.Rokhman , Kamalin Shela Nur
Published: January 2025

Nutrition plays an important role in supporting the growth, development, and learning abilities of elementary school children. Elementary school students are an age group that is still vulnerable to nutritional status, this is due to the rapid growth and development of children and a relatively busy school schedule. The method of this activity is in the form of counseling and implementation of Healthy Lifestyle and Balanced Nutrition for elementary school students, precisely at Kretek 1 Elementary School located in Kretek Village, Taman Krocok District, Bondowoso Regency. The purpose of this social project is to provide education to improve students' knowledge and behavior regarding healthy lifestyles and the implementation of nutritious food consumption so that it becomes a habit in everyday life. By implementing this healthy lifestyle, students can avoid malnutrition problems and have a better quality of life in the future.
Peningkatan Pemahaman Guru Sekolah Indonesia Davao tentang Proyek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila Melalui Pendampingan Pembelajaran Terstruktur
Authors: Irvan Moh. Farizqo , Sari Elok Fariha , Ahmadi Farid , Nugrahani Arshanda Gusti , Zulfana Shinta Aulidafitri
Published: January 2025

This community service aims to increase the understanding of Indonesian Davao School Teachers (SID) in the Philippines regarding the Strengthening Pancasila Student Profile Project (P5). Through an In House Training approach based on structured learning, this activity succeeded in increasing teachers' understanding of P5 implementation. The mentoring activities were attended by 20 teachers at SID from elementary, junior and senior high school levels. The results of the mentoring show that there is an increase in teacher understanding regarding the implementation of P5 in the Kurikulum Merdeka. This is shown by the increase in the results of the teacher pre-test and post-test at SID amounting to 25.33 with an n-gain of 0.39 in the medium category. This activity also identified the need for more specific and focused training to support the optimization of the implementation of the Kurikulum Merdeka. As a follow-up, this service will be directed at developing advanced training modules and providing project-based assessment assistance. In addition, collaboration with various parties will be strengthened to ensure program sustainability and improve the quality of learning that is more inclusive and meaningful. This activity is a strategic step in supporting the transformation of Indonesian school education abroad.
Die spezifischen physiologischen Wirkungen durch Floating.
Authors: Schedler Olaf , Steffen Britta , Walter Axel
Published: January 2025

Floating, auch bekannt als Schwerelosigkeitstherapie, ist eine Technik, bei der eine Person in einem mit Salzwasser gefülltem Becken schwebt. In dieser Arbeit wurden die spezifischen Wirkungen von Floating auf den menschlichen Körper untersucht. Dazu wurden freiwillige Probanden über 60 Minuten einer Floatingbehandlung in 22% Solewasser bei 36,5 und 37,0°C ausgesetzt und mittels umfangreichen Messverfahren analysiert. Die makrohämodynamische Parameter wurden durch die Anwendung reduziert, während die subkutanen Gewebedurchblutung verbessert wurden. Der Fluid-Shift Effekt konnte bestätigt werden. Die Messungen der Muskelpotentiale konnte eine Abnahme der Muskelaktivitäten während der Behandlung aufzeigen. Der Bispektralindex zeigte, dass während Floatingmaßnahmen eine signifikante Entspannung eintritt. Floating über 60 Minuten eignet sich, um die Schwerlosigkeit zu simulieren und die Auswirkungen der Schwerelosigkeit auf die physiologischen Funktionen zu nutzen.
KARAKTERISASI DAN SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAUN SINGKIL (Premna corymbosa Rottl & Willd)
Authors: Supriningrum Risa , Handayani Fitri , Liya Liya
Published: January 2025

Secara empiris, daun singkil digunakan sebagai obat asam urat. Data penelitian awal tentang karakterisasi simplisia dan ekstrak daun singkil (Premna corymbosa Rottl & Willd) belum pernah dilaporkan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui karakteristik simplisia dan ekstrak daun singkil muda dan tua serta kandungan kimianya.Ekstraksi simplisia dilakukan dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 70%. Tahapan penelitian dimulai dari pengambilan sampel, determinasi tumbuhan, pembuatan simplisia, ekstraksi secara maserasi, pemeriksaan karateristik dan skrining fitokimia.Hasil karakterisasi simplisia, makroskopik daun singkil memiliki warna hijau, ujung daun meruncing, pangkal daun tumpul, rompang , tepi daun bergerigi, bentuk daun bulat telur dan bulat, susunan tulang daun menyirip, daging daun tipis, panjang daun 10,9 hingga 15 cm . Lebar daun 6,3 hingga 9,6 cm. Pengamatan mikroskopik ditemukan fragmen pengenal stomata tipe diasitik , parasitik, berkas pembuluh bentuk spiral, rambut penutup, trikoma glandular. Kadar air daun muda 8%, daun tua 5,5%, kadar sari larut air daun muda 3%, daun tua 1,5%, kadar sari larut etanol daun muda 2%, daun tua 1,5%, kadar abu daun muda 4,86%, daun tua 7,01%, kadar abu tidak larut asam daun muda 2,20% dan daun tua 3,14%. Kadar air ekstrak daun muda 17,5%, daun tua 17%, kadar sari larut air daun muda 0%, daun tua 1%, sari larut etanol daun muda 0,5%, daun tua 4%, kadar abu daun muda 38,5%, daun tua 11,6%, kadar abu tidak larut asam daun muda 1,51%, daun tua 2,33%. Metabolit sekunder simplisia dan ekstrak diketahui mengandung flavonoid, tanin, saponin dan steroid/terpenoid.
AN EVALUATION OF ONSITE TRAINING AND SUPPORTIVE SUPERVISION PLUS (OTSS+) TO IMPROVE MALARIA DIAGNOSTIC SERVICE DELIVERY IN 22 HOSPITALS IN
SIERRA LEONE
Authors: Fay Cecilia Chalobah  , Anita R.Y. Kamara  , Dr. Angella Magdalene George
Published: January 2025

Malaria, a formidable global health issue, disproportionately impacts sub-Saharan Africa, including Sierra Leone, where a substantial burden persists with a significant number of reported cases annually. This global health challenge necessitates a comprehensive approach to address its impact on public health, emphasizing the crucial role of accurate and prompt diagnosis in effective case management. Laboratory technicians play a pivotal role in malaria diagnosis, conducting microscopy examinations of blood samples for the detection of malaria parasites. The competency and reliability of these technicians are paramount for appropriate treatment and surveillance, as malaria diagnosis forms the cornerstone of case management. However, studies in sub-Saharan Africa highlight the challenges associated with maintaining and enhancing the skills of laboratory technicians over time. Factors such as inadequate training, inconsistent adherence to standard operating procedures, and limited access to necessary equipment contribute to the variable and often poor quality of microscopy.
The primary aim of this research is to assess the impact of supportive supervision on malaria diagnosis service delivery among laboratory technicians in Sierra Leone
The study employs a quasi-experimental design to assess the impact of supportive supervision on malaria diagnosis service delivery among laboratory technicians. A pre-designed checklist of four thematic area (Lab evaluation, Proficiency testing, External Quality Assurance and Microscopy observation) was used to collect data from 22 hospitals in three rounds of supervisory visits.
Laboratory Evaluation: There was a significant improvement from R1 (64%) to R2 (93%), with a slight decrease in R3 (81%). Stockouts of consumables for microscope microscopy and stockouts of malaria RDT showed moderate improvement from R1 to R3. For example, stockouts of malaria RDT improved from 35% to 59%. Scores related to microscopes, spare parts, and maintenance showed consistent improvement, particularly from R1 (29%) to R3 (47%). Both internal and external quality assurance scores showed an upward trend. Internal Quality Assurance increased from 49% in R1 to 81% in R3. There was a consistent improvement in this category, with scores rising from 50% in R1 to 90% in R3.
The significant improvement across the rounds in all categories, particularly in the later rounds, suggests that supportive supervision played a crucial role. implying that continuous oversight and guidance significantly enhanced both accuracy and timeliness in malaria diagnosis.
KEY WORDS: Microscope, Malaria Diagnosis, Laboratory Evaluation
IMPLUWENSYA NG ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AT KALIGIRANG PAGKATUTO NG MGA MAG-AARAL SA AKADEMIKONG PERFORMANS NG UNANG TAON NG BSED FILIPINO NG KCAST
Authors: Edrian T. Galabo  , Elealeh S. Timosa
Published: January 2025

Ang pangunahing layunin ng pag-aaral na ito ay upang malaman ang ugnayan ng impluwensya ng artificial intelligence at kaligirang pampagkatuto sa akademikong perfromans ng mga mag-aaral. Kung kaya’t ang pag-aaral na ito ay may layuning siyasatin ang makabuluhang ugnayan sa pagitan ng impluwensya ng artificial intelligence at kaligirang pampagkatuto sa akademikong performans ng mga mag-aaral sa unang taon ng BSED Filipino ng KCAST. Nagtamo ang mga layunin ng pag-aaral na ito sa pamamagitan ng estadistikong gamit. Ang mga kalahok na pag-aaral ay binubuo ng 117 ng mag-aaral sa unang taon ng BSED Filipino. Ayon sa resulta nakakuha ng mataas na antas sa nakikitang panganib, nakikitang pagganap, nakikitang pagsisikap, kalagayan ng pasilidad, pag-uugali, gustong pag-uugali, at adaptsyon ng AI sa mataas na edukasyon sa artificial intelligence. Pagdating sa kaligirang pampagkatuto ang tiyak na positibong pakikitungo sa loob ng silid-aralan, pagkakaiba-iba ng paniniwala at pag-uugali, pansariling pagsalungat at pagtitiyaga sa katayuan ay nakakuha ng mataas. Sa pagdating sa akademikong performans na kakayahan, ugali, at kilos ay nakakuha ng mataas. Samakatuwid, ang resulta ay nangangahulugang ang null hypothesis ng pag-aaral ay tinanggap sapagkat malinaw na ang tatlong baryabol ng pag-aaral na ito ay walang makabuluhang ugnayan. Ibig sabihin nito na ang indikasyon na nagpapatunay na nararapat pagtuunan ng pansin ang pagpapaunland ng artificial intelligence upang umunlad ang kaligirang pampagkatuto at umunlad rin ang akademikong perfromans ng mga mag-aaral.
MGA SUSING SALITA: artificial intelligence, kaligirang pampagkatuto, akademikong perfromans, at mag-aaral.
EXPANDING RURAL BROADBAND IN AMERICA: CHALLENGES, OPPORTUNITIES, AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Maxwell Ladogo Abilla
Published: January 2025

Access to high-speed broadband has emerged as a critical enabler of economic growth, education, healthcare delivery, and overall quality of life in the United States. Despite its transformative potential, rural areas continue to face significant challenges in accessing reliable and affordable internet services, leaving millions of residents underserved or completely disconnected. This disparity exacerbates the digital divide, creating economic, educational, and social inequities that hinder community development and individual opportunity.
This paper delves into the current state of rural broadband access in the U.S., exploring the multifaceted economic and social consequences of inadequate connectivity. It examines the structural, financial, and technological barriers that impede broadband infrastructure deployment in rural regions. Through an in-depth review of peer-reviewed research, government policy reports, and case studies, the paper identifies best practices for expanding rural broadband access, focusing on innovative solutions such as community-led initiatives, strategic public-private partnerships, and federal funding programs like the Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment (BEAD) initiative.
Additionally, the paper offers actionable recommendations for policymakers, stakeholders, and communities aiming to bridge the rural broadband gap. These include fostering sustainable funding models, enhancing regulatory frameworks, and leveraging emerging technologies to address coverage challenges. By emphasizing the importance of inclusive and equitable broadband expansion, this paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on reducing digital disparities and achieving universal connectivity in the United States.
KEY WORDS: Broadband connectivity, rural economic development, Education, Healthcare, Broadband Equity, Access, and Deployment (BEAD)
ANALYSIS OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING (PJBL) IN THE MEDIA FOR TEACHING INDONESIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE COURSE
Authors:   Universitas Islam Majapahit, Andriyati Marliyah Asih , Ganinda Nurhayati ,   Universitas Islam Majapahit, Lindawati Rini ,   Universitas Islam Majapahit, Hermawan Wawan ,   Universitas Islam Majapahit
Published: January 2025

This research aims to analyze the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in the Media for Teaching Indonesia Language and Literature Course, focusing on the process, benefits, and challenges of PjBL implementation. The research method used in this study is qualitative descriptive research. The primary data of this research are the results of observations and documentation studies. The data sources for this research include the learning process of the course with practitioners, lesson plans, and student project results. The results of this study indicate that in the project-based learning process, there are three stages, namely 1) project launch, 2) guided inquiry and product creation, and 3) project conclusion. Meanwhile, the benefits of implementing PjBL are (1) practical skills, (2) collaboration and teamwork, (3) creativity and innovation, and (4) problem-solving. Lastly, there are challenges in implementing PjBL: (1) limited time, (2) resources and access to technology, (3) students' technological skills, and (4) subjective evaluation.

Keywords: Learning, Project-Based Learning (PjBL), Media
ECONOMIC PRINCIPLES AND APPROACHES IN THE MODERN SYSTEM OF NATURE MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Chechen State University n. a. A. A. Kadyrov, Grozny, Russia, Gishkaeva Leila L. , Alieva Zhanna M. ,   Grozny State Petroleum Technical University named after academician M.D. Millionshchikov, Romanova Vlada V. ,   Voronezh State Agrarian University, Voronezh, Russia
Published: January 2025

This paper examines in detail the problems of economic assessment of negative environmental impacts arising in the course of economic activity. Particular attention is paid to the need to develop and implement mechanisms for environmental impact assessment (EIA) aimed at preventing or minimizing possible negative consequences.
The first part of the paper analyzes the relevance of the topic under consideration, sub-stantiates the importance of environmental assessment in the context of increasing scale of eco-nomic activity. Key areas with the greatest impact on nature are identified, including industrial production, agriculture, transport infrastructure and the energy sector. The existing classifica-tion of types of environmental impact is considered, including direct and indirect, reversible and irreversible, local and global consequences. Examples of the most common sources of pollution and degradation of natural ecosystems are given.
ANALYSIS OF METHODS AND TOOLS OF HUMAN CAPITAL MANAGEMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors:   Chechen State University named after A. A. Kadyrov, Kakharov Arslan S. , Mirgorod Ekaterina E. ,   Plekhanov Russian university of economics, Midaeva Hava U. ,   GGNTU named after academician M. D. Millionshchikov
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes the difference between human resource management and human capital management, focuses on the importance of managing the human capital of an enterprise, emphasizes that human capital should be fully understood and scientifically used in enterprise management, and makes some suggestions on the human capital of an enterprise.
THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE FITNESS INDUSTRY ON THE LABOR MARKET AND SMALL BUSINESSES
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I. T. Trubilin, Krasnodar, Russia, Mironchuk Vadim A. , Guryanov Pavel A. ,   Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia, Safiullin Kamil X. ,   Volga State Transport University, Samara, Russia, Tychina Anastasia S. ,   Educational center “Bagration”, Odintsovo, Russia
Published: January 2025

The article examines the economic impact of the fitness industry on the labor market and small businesses in the modern economy. The purpose of the study is to analyze trends in the development of the industry, assess its contribution to job creation and small busi-ness support. To achieve this goal, a comprehensive methodological approach was used, includ-ing analysis of statistical data, reviews of scientific publications and consideration of modern business models in the fitness industry. The study is based on an analysis of the dynamics of the economic indicators of the industry, including an increase in turnover, an increase in the share of specialized studios and the introduction of innovative technologies. The results of the work show that digitalization, the introduction of hybrid training models and a focus on individ-ualization of services contribute to expanding the audience and strengthening the position of small businesses in the industry. However, problems remain related to high competition, the availability of services for various social groups and the need to attract investment. The peculi-arity of the study is the emphasis on the relationship between the economic growth of the fitness industry with the transformation of business models and the development of the labor market.