bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adequação terapêutica: apresentação de um protocolo hospitalar
Authors: Lampert Melissa Agostini , Billig Ariel Eduardo , Onófrio Luisiana Fillipin , Seeger Grasiele Gallina , Thomaz Raquel Prado
Published: May 2022

Resumo A adequação terapêutica é definida como uma decisão médica compartilhada, com pacientes e familiares, que busca ajustar recursos terapêuticos e diagnósticos adequados a cada plano de cuidados. Este artigo objetiva apresentar um protocolo sobre adequação terapêutica implementado em um hospital universitário. Tal protocolo visa nortear práticas de profissionais da saúde sob a luz dos princípios bioéticos, legais e clínicos pertinentes a cada caso. Conclui-se que o protocolo pode auxiliar nas decisões de abstenção ou suspensão de determinado tratamento de pacientes com doença grave, progressiva e irreversível.
Conhecimento sobre diretivas antecipadas de vontade em hospital-escola
Authors: Guirro Úrsula Bueno do Prado , Ferreira Fernanda de Souza , Vinne Lorena van der , Miranda Giovana Ferreira de Freitas
Published: May 2022

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o conhecimento de profissionais de saúde e usuários sobre diretivas antecipadas de vontade em hospital-escola brasileiro. Aceitaram participar 145 pessoas, sendo 66,9% delas profissionais de saúde e 33,1%, usuários. A maioria dos participantes não conhecia diretivas antecipadas de vontade, com maior incidência entre usuários (61,9% dos profissionais, 91,7% dos usuários; p <0,001). Após serem instruídos acerca das diretivas antecipadas, 97,9% dos profissionais e 95,8% dos usuários ( p =0,60) afirmaram que pessoas deveriam elaborar diretivas e que a responsabilidade de iniciar a conversa era do médico (56,7%, 58,3%, respectivamente, p =0,71). Após a pesquisa, 73,2% dos profissionais e 58,3% dos usuários ( p =0,19) pensava em elaborar diretivas. Conclui-se que o conhecimento sobre o tema ainda está aquém do ideal no campo assistencial no hospital-escola avaliado, sendo menor entre usuários.
Confidentiality in occupational medicine: protecting information
Authors: Batlle Amanda Ribeiro , Carmo Ana Paula Possar do , Carvalho Fabiana Iglesias de , Miziara Ivan Dieb , Miziara Carmen Silvia Molleis Galego
Published: May 2022

Abstract Confidentiality is a central element of the physician-patient relationship and is associated with good quality of care. However, it may be broken in accordance with the ethical and legal standards established in the country. This study aims to show the main aspects of confidentiality in occupational medicine. For this, a narrative review of the literature on the subject was carried out, using free access databases and based on the codes of medical ethics. The occupational physician’s performance involves the worker, other non-medical professionals and the employer, a situation that may trigger conflicts, requiring physicians to know their obligations and ethical-legal limits. The protection of confidentiality respects human rights, but dilemmas may arise, not only to obey ethical precepts, but to follow legal norms. This study seeks to show the main and updated ethical and legal aspects regarding occupational health.
Moral and/or ethical issues in research ethics committees
Authors: Barata Rosinete Souza , Anjos Karla Ferraz dos , Barbosa Ana Angélica Leal , Barbosa Adriana Silva , Santana Kleverton Bacelar , Rosa Darci de Oliveira Santa
Published: May 2022

Abstract The objective of the study is to analyze moral and/or ethical issues experienced by members of research ethics committees when performing their activities and the strategies used to deal with those issues. This is a qualitative study with 39 individuals that participated in committees in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Data were collected in October 2020 using a self-administered online questionnaire developed using Google Forms. Results showed that participants underwent conflicts of interests and values, and also faced dilemmas, and the strategies used to deal with those issues were exchanging of experiences and sharing of ideas and opinions. It is concluded that members of such committees experience moral and/or ethical issues and seek to deal with them via strategies that favor the development of research according to appropriate ethical and methodological criteria.
Cuidados paliativos: desafios para o ensino em saúde
Authors: Pereira Lariane Marques , Andrade Sonia Maria Oliveira de , Theobald Melina Raquel
Published: May 2022

Resumo Esta revisão de literatura objetivou analisar a produção acerca dos cuidados paliativos e da formação de profissionais da saúde durante a graduação. Foi realizada revisão integrativa de literatura na base Periódicos Capes, com os descritores “cuidados paliativos” e “ensino”, apenas em português, dos últimos cinco anos. Dos 61 artigos encontrados, após filtros e leitura de título e resumo, foram selecionados dez. Constatou-se que as grades curriculares da maioria dos cursos de saúde não incluem o ensino dos cuidados paliativos, ocasionando despreparo teórico, prático e psicológico. Evidenciou-se o papel fundamental que a filosofia e a bioética têm na formação dos profissionais de saúde, como indutoras de condutas profissionais mais éticas, adequadas e humanas. A dinâmica teoria-prática foi a mais sugerida como forma de inserir adequadamente os cuidados paliativos no processo de formação dos cursos de saúde.
Demografía médica en municipios de extrema pobreza en Brasil
Authors: Luizeti Bárbara Okabaiasse , Lima Carlos Henrique de , Garcia Lucas França , Massuda Ely Mitie
Published: May 2022

Resumen Este artículo analizó la distribución de los profesionales médicos vinculados al Sistema Único de Salud en municipios en extrema pobreza en Brasil. Se trató de un estudio observacional, longitudinal y retrospectivo, realizado con datos secundarios provenientes del Departamento de Informática del Sistema Único de Salud. De un total de 16.267 médicos; 1.360 estaban en la red privada y 14.907 en la red pública. De estos, 1.284 trabajaban en la región Norte; 9.186, en el Nordeste; 3.071, en el Sudeste; 837 en el Sur; y 529, en el Centro-Oeste. En tal condición, el 12,2% de los municipios tenía tres médicos; el 10,7%, dos; y el 9,2% solo uno. Los resultados primarios relacionados con el tema permiten atestar la desproporción en la distribución de profesionales entre las ciudades brasileñas. Se sugiere implementar políticas de salud que promuevan la equidad en la demografía médica en el país.
Las representaciones sociales invadidas y manchadas por el cyberbullying
Authors: Aleixo Rosana Aparecida Rennó Moreira , Engelman Miriam de Fátima Brasil
Published: May 2022

Resumen Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación han ido ganando protagonismo como influyentes en el rendimiento cognitivo, dada la rapidez con la que se genera y difunde la información, modificando las relaciones personales y profesionales. Si, por un lado, esto trae evolución y transformación, por otro puede provocar daños como el cyberbullying , la violencia que violenta silenciosamente a las personas. Esta coyuntura requiere reflexión y actuación bioética. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo conocer la percepción del fenómeno del cyberbullying practicado en la vida cotidiana profesional y personal. Se trata de una investigación exploratoria y cuantitativa por conveniencia, en la que participaron 35 servidores públicos del Instituto Federal de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología del Sur de Minas Gerais. Los resultados se discutieron a partir de la literatura sobre tecnología de la información y la comunicación, violencia digital y, principalmente, la bioética.
Representatividade da mulher negra em folhetos educativos sobre saúde da mulher
Authors: Silva Monalisa Nanaina da , Azevedo Marcella Carvalho de , Azevedo-Pereira Hellen Aparecida de , Santos Marcelo Vinicius Domingos Rodrigues dos , Monteiro Juliana Cristina dos Santos
Published: May 2022

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar folhetos educativos do Ministério da Saúde sobre saúde da mulher disponibilizados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde; classificar a representação da mulher nesses folhetos de acordo com a etnia/raça/cor; analisar a representatividade da mulher negra nesses folhetos. Método Estudo documental, descritivo, exploratório. Resultados No período de 2007 a 2019, identificaram-se 19 folhetos educativos relacionados à saúde da mulher, sendo que 10 traziam imagens de mulheres. As mulheres brancas foram observadas nos 10 folhetos (100%) que continham imagens e ilustrações, enquanto mulheres negras foram identificadas em três (30%) dos 10 folhetos. Da análise dos dados, emergiram duas categorias analíticas: “a mulher negra sub-representada” e “desconstruindo estereótipos: o papel de destaque da mulher negra”. Conclusão O estudo evidencia uma baixa representação da mulher negra nos folhetos educativos. Entretanto, quando representada, a imagem da mulher negra surge de modo positivo e igualitário em relação às mulheres de outros grupos étnico-raciais.
Dona Yvonne Lara and the rhythm between art and science
Authors: Padilha Maria Itayra , Peres Maria Angélica de Almeida , Aperibense Pacita Geovana Gama de Sousa
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Objective To rescue and reflect on nurse Yvonne da Silva Lara’s professional history, nationally known by her stage name: Dona Ivone Lara. Method Public documentary sources available online such as books, theses, dissertations, scientific articles, reports and documentaries with the character and with psychiatrist Nise da Silveira were used. Results The presentation of her life history detailed her choice and training as a Nurse, and later as a Social Worker, narrating her professional performance and work developed. It portrays the meaning and struggle of a poor black-skinned woman investing in education and professional training, highlighting her primacy for the opportunity to study, making the most of the opportunities presented to her, to study and work until retiring. Conclusion and implications for the practice Acting professionally in the areas of care, she maintained her musicality in her life, even collaborating with its use as a therapeutic activity in Psychiatry. This unprecedented text about Yvonne Lara's story expands the visibility of her professional construction in two careers and mobilizes the readers to understand her importance for Nursing.
Monumentalidade e marcação: conceitos para a compreensão da pesca nas sociedades sambaquieiras
Authors: Wagner Gustavo Peretti
Published: May 2022

Resumo Parece consenso que as populações que construíram os sambaquis do Brasil meridional são eminentemente navegadoras e definitivamente pescadoras. E é na esteira destas abordagens que se insere esta proposta de trabalho. Para tanto, está proposto um caminho teórico em que se discutem dois conceitos inerentes ora à arqueologia dos sambaquis – a monumentalidade –, ora à pesca enquanto objeto sociológico mais amplo – a marcação. A interpretação final proposta aqui é de que a monumentalidade assume mais um significado na sociedade sambaquieira: o de orientar a pesca de marcação, prática universal e estruturante das populações pescadoras da costa brasileira.
Considerações sobre saúde indígena no Brasil a partir de alguns estudos antropológicos fundadores
Authors: Silveira Nádia Heusi
Published: May 2022

Resumo O artigo aborda um conjunto de pesquisas etnográficas, realizadas sobretudo nos anos 1980, que marcaram indelevelmente uma vertente dos estudos antropológicos sobre saúde e doença entre os povos indígenas no Brasil. Parte da categoria ‘doença de branco’ para apresentar como esses estudos, embasados em construtos teóricos da etnologia indígena, deslocaram os debates cristalizados em torno da lógica das etnomedicinas e sua eficácia para as diferenças ancoradas nas teorias ameríndias de substancialidade. Nesta abordagem, os debates sobre a política de saúde, envolvendo a política indígena e o diálogo interdisciplinar, já estão dados inicialmente na produção antropológica e convergem para o caráter implicado do fazer etnográfico.
Capoeira Angola Diversifying the University: sowing an Ecology of Knowledges in the Performing Arts
Authors: Gallep Cristiano de Mello
Published: May 2022

Abstract: Using testimonies from students after one semester practicing the art of capoeira, we underscore the potentiality of Capoeira Angola for actor training, as well as for promoting the self-knowledge of human beings and their social action. It is the playfulness and complexity of Capoeira Angola’s martial game, congregating space-body skills, music and poetry, in addition to a history of resistance and resilience as African heritage, constructing an Ecology of Knowledges that contributes to performing arts training and also to the embracing of Afro-diasporic popular culture by Brazilian universities.
Muda o governo, mudam as políticas? O caso da política nacional de educação especial
Authors: Rosa Júlia Gabriele Lima da , Lima Luciana Leite
Published: May 2022

RESUMO Mudanças em políticas públicas são acontecimentos que geram conflitos em virtude da alteração do status quo e da disputa pela alocação de recursos. Este trabalho analisa a tentativa de mudança da política nacional de educação especial, após as mudanças de governo ocorridas entre 2016 e 2019 no Brasil. Para isso, fez-se análise categorial de conteúdo em documentos produzidos ao longo da revisão da Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva. Averiguou-se que a proposta de alteração promove a descontinuidade da inclusão escolar ao reorganizar as responsabilidades da família, do Estado e do mercado na escolarização e no atendimento educacional especializado; retomar o modelo de educação especial como modalidade alheia ao sistema de ensino regular; estimular a formação de profissionais para atuação em instituições especializadas; e fundamentar a avaliação de aprendizagem em metas e objetivos padronizados por deficiência.
The government changes, do the policies change too? The case of the national special education policy
Authors: Rosa Júlia Gabriele Lima da , Lima Luciana Leite
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT Policy change events generates conflicts due to the change in the status quo and the dispute over the allocation of resources. This paper analyzes the attempt to change the Special Education policy, after the government changes that occurred between 2016 and 2019 in Brazil. For this, a categorical analysis of contend is made in documents produced during the review of the National Special Education Policy from the Perspective of Inclusive Education (Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva). It was found that the proposed amendment promotes the discontinuity of school inclusion by reorganizing the responsibilities of the family, the State and the market in schooling and specialized educational assistance; resuming the Special Education model as a modality outside the regular education system; encouraging the training of professionals to work in specialized institutions; and by basing the learning assessment on standardized goals and objectives for disability.
Epistemologias de reexistência: um diálogo teórico-metodológico entre interseccionalidade e aquilombagem crítica
Authors: Santos Gersiney , Santos Daiane Silva
Published: May 2022

RESUMO O texto propõe uma reflexão acerca de possibilidades epistemológicas geradas pela aproximação da interseccionalidade com teorias e metodologias relacionadas à transformação social. Para tanto, na discussão, é focalizada a ancestralidade afro-brasileira como meio para o repensar de novos contornos para a geração e o compartilhamento de conhecimentos. A proposta reúne alguns movimentos teórico-metodológicos - intitulados no texto como “epistemologias de reexistência” - a fim de relacioná-los na constituição do rótulo “aquilombagem crítica”. A intenção central é contribuir para o debate voltado a formas efetivas de aproximação entre educação formal e conhecimento experiencial no Brasil. Assim, a aquilombagem crítica pode ser observada como um ambiente de (re)conexão multidimensional para intervenções atentas ao diálogo plural entre realidades.
Migração rural-urbana por demanda educacional no Médio Solimões, Amazonas
Authors: Pereira Heloisa Corrêa , Nascimento Ana Claudeise Silva do , Moura Edila Arnaud Ferreira , Corrêa Dávila Suelen Souza , Chagas Hudson Cruz das
Published: May 2022

RESUMO Este artigo aborda a relação entre migração rural-urbana e educação no contexto das populações tradicionais ribeirinhas moradoras da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Amanã, no estado do Amazonas. Objetiva identificar como o contexto das migrações por fatores educacionais nessa unidade de conservação difere dos estudos que discutem a relação entre migração e educação. Foram usados dados quantitativos Sistema de Monitoramento Demográfico e Econômico do Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá que comparam as mudanças no contexto migratório e educacional de 69 localidades rurais da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Amanã, 568 unidades domésticas em 2011 e 676 em 2018. Os resultados demostraram aumento de 71% nas migrações rurais-urbanas por fatores educacionais e mudança no perfil educacional dos moradores, que revela novas demandas por educação na área. A demanda educacional não atendida tem influenciado nas decisões migratórias dos moradores, consequência do distanciamento entre as políticas educacionais e a realidade presente no rural amazônico.
História dos afro-brasileiros, africanos e a educação antirracista: o olhar das/os professoras/es das licenciaturas
Authors: Diallo Cíntia Santos , Lima Cláudia Araújo de
Published: May 2022

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo expor a compreensão das/os docentes do ensino superior sobre a incorporação da temática que trata do ensino de história e cultura africana e a educação das relações étnico-raciais nos currículos dos cursos de licenciatura em ciências humanas da região Centro-Oeste. Sobretudo, no que diz respeito à adequação dos itinerários formativos das/os futuras/os docentes da Educação Básica, ao preconizado na Lei nº 10.639/2003 e nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para a Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais (2004). São objetos da pesquisa a Universidade de Brasília, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul e Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados. Dos 104 cursos de licenciatura, cinquenta incorporaram a temática, 48 ainda não possuem disciplinas específicas sobre questões étnico-raciais e em seis cursos não foi possível fazer a identificação. Complementa o estudo a análise das respectivas disciplinas, ementas e bibliografias. A análise dos questionários aplicados indicou que a reestruturação das matrizes curriculares está muito mais relacionada aos esforços de professoras/es pesquisadoras/es da área pelo reconhecimento da importância da temática do que ao cumprimento das exigências legais. Do mesmo modo, não foi possível identificar envolvimento institucional robusto, para além das ações desenvolvidas pelos Núcleos de Estudos Afro-Brasileiros e Africanos (NEABs).
Rethinking Fairness: An Interdisciplinary Survey of Critiques of Hegemonic ML Fairness Approaches
Authors: Weinberg Lindsay
Published: May 2022

This survey article assesses and compares existing critiques of current fairness-enhancing technical interventions in machine learning (ML) that draw from a range of non-computing disciplines, including philosophy, feminist studies, critical race and ethnic studies, legal studies, anthropology, and science and technology studies. It bridges epistemic divides in order to offer an interdisciplinary understanding of the possibilities and limits of hegemonic computational approaches to ML fairness for producing just outcomes for society’s most marginalized. The article is organized according to nine major themes of critique wherein these different fields intersect: 1) how "fairness" in AI fairness research gets defined; 2) how problems for AI systems to address get formulated; 3) the impacts of abstraction on how AI tools function and its propensity to lead to technological solutionism; 4) how racial classification operates within AI fairness research; 5) the use of AI fairness measures to avoid regulation and engage in ethics washing; 6) an absence of participatory design and democratic deliberation in AI fairness considerations; 7) data collection practices that entrench “bias,” are non-consensual, and lack transparency; 8) the predatory inclusion of marginalized groups into AI systems; and 9) a lack of engagement with AI’s long-term social and ethical outcomes. Drawing from these critiques, the article concludes by imagining future ML fairness research directions that actively disrupt entrenched power dynamics and structural injustices in society.
Multi-Agent Advisor Q-Learning
Authors: Ganapathi Subramanian Sriram , Taylor Matthew E. , Larson Kate , Crowley Mark
Published: May 2022

In the last decade, there have been significant advances in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) but there are still numerous challenges, such as high sample complexity and slow convergence to stable policies, that need to be overcome before wide-spread deployment is possible. However, many real-world environments already, in practice, deploy sub-optimal or heuristic approaches for generating policies. An interesting question that arises is how to best use such approaches as advisors to help improve reinforcement learning in multi-agent domains. In this paper, we provide a principled framework for incorporating action recommendations from online suboptimal advisors in multi-agent settings. We describe the problem of ADvising Multiple Intelligent Reinforcement Agents (ADMIRAL) in nonrestrictive general-sum stochastic game environments and present two novel Q-learning based algorithms: ADMIRAL - Decision Making (ADMIRAL-DM) and ADMIRAL - Advisor Evaluation (ADMIRAL-AE), which allow us to improve learning by appropriately incorporating advice from an advisor (ADMIRAL-DM), and evaluate the effectiveness of an advisor (ADMIRAL-AE). We analyze the algorithms theoretically and provide fixed point guarantees regarding their learning in general-sum stochastic games. Furthermore, extensive experiments illustrate that these algorithms: can be used in a variety of environments, have performances that compare favourably to other related baselines, can scale to large state-action spaces, and are robust to poor advice from advisors.
The Effects of Studies in the Field of Science on Scientific Process Skills: A Meta-Analysis Study
Authors: KOL Özge , YAMAN Süleyman
Published: May 2022

In this research, a meta-analysis study was conducted to determine the effect of student and teacher-centered practices in science lessons on students' scientific process skills. To this end, the literature related to the studies conducted in Turkey and abroad was searched. For this purpose, articles, master's, and doctoral theses published between 1999-2020 in national and international databases were scanned. As a result of the literature review, it was deemed appropriate to include a total of 100 studies in the meta-analysis. In the meta-analysis study, subgroup analysis was performed in the fields of science, publication year, education levels, sample size, application period and publication types. As a result of the meta-analysis, it was determined that student-centered practices had a positive effect on students' SPS in science lessons compared to teacher-centered ones. It was also found out that 93 of the 100 studies included in the study had a positive effect size and 7 had a negative effect size value. Of the positive studies, 6 were at the level of weak effect, 23 at the level of small effect, 21 at the level of medium effect, and 43 at the level of large effect. In light of the findings obtained, student-centered practices in science education appear to have a stronger effect on developing students' scientific process skills than teacher-centered practices.
DETERMINING THE VIEWS OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM STUDENTS ON THE COVID-19 EPIDEMIC AND VACCINE STUDIES
Authors: UÇAR Semih , AVCI Alperen , GÖK Uğur , GÜLEN Salih
Published: May 2022

The main purpose of this research is to determine the views of students studying child development about the Covid-19 epidemic and its vaccine. In the study, phenomenology design, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. The participants, determined by the homogeneous sampling method, consist of 102 students studying in the associate degree program of a university in the Malazgirt district of Muş province. A fully structured interview form was used to collect the data, and these data were analyzed by content analysis by making trilogy (theme-category-code). According to the findings obtained; It has been determined that there is no consensus on the covid-19 epidemic among students studying child development, and there are differences in opinions. Participants stated that it is an epidemic that creates negative feelings about covid-19, is revealed intentionally, is hoped to end one day like other epidemics, and affects the whole world. In addition, although there are undecided and negative opinions about the development or use of the covid-19 vaccine, it has been determined that the majority of the participants stated that the vaccine should be given. Psychological counseling and social adaptation assistance should be provided to individuals who have emotional and psychological problems due to the epidemic.
THE EXAMINATION OF RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SPEED, AGILITY AND JUMP PERFORMANCE IN FEMALE SOCCER PLAYERS
Authors: EGESOY Halit , YAPICI ÖKSÜZOĞLU Ayşegül
Published: May 2022

Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between speed, agility and jump values of female soccer players. Method: Twenty female soccer players playing soccer in Turkey Female Soccer Third League participated in this study voluntarily (n=20, age: 16.70±0.80 years, height=161.70±0.05 cm, weight=58.14±4.30 kg). 20 m sprint, active jump and agility T tests were applied to the participants. The correlation analysis technique was used for the determination of relationships between agility, speed and jump values obtained from tests and correlations between parameters were determined by Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: According to the results of the analysis, the mean sprint speed values of female football players were 3.75±0.19 seconds, vertical jump values were 26.86±3.49 cm, and t-test values were 10.46±1.06 seconds. In addition, when the relationships between the sprint speed, vertical jump and agility characteristics of female football players were examined by correlation analysis, it was determined that there were significant relationships at the p<0.01 level between the values of
Sosyal Bilgiler Dersini Veren Öğretmenlerin Pandemi Öncesi ve Sürecinde Medya Kullanım Alışkanlıklarının İncelenmesi
Authors: BİLİCİ Nizamettin , GÖRMEZ Erhan
Published: May 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı sosyal bilgiler dersini veren öğretmenlerin pandemi öncesi ve süresince medya kullanım alışkanlıklarını incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılında Van ili ve ilçelerinde Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü'ne bağlı okullarda görev yapan sosyal bilgiler öğretmenleri ve sosyal bilgiler dersi veren sınıf öğretmenleri oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya gönüllü olarak 81 öğretmen katılmıştır. Araştırmada nicel verilerin toplanmasında Medya Araçlarını Kullanma Anketi (MAKA), nitel verilerin toplanmasında da yapılandırılmış görüşme formundan yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmanın nitel verileri içerik analiz yöntemiyle, nicel verileri de SPSS 21.0 paket programı kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ve MAKA kullanılarak elde edilen bulgulara göre; Pandemi öncesine kıyasla internet kullanımında, özellikle Whatsapp ve facebook gibi sosyal paylaşım uygulamalarının kullanımlarında, cep telefonu kullanım oranlarında, 3-4 saat ve 4 saat üzeri TV izleme aralıklarında, televizyondaki eğitici/belgesel programlar ile dizi/sinema tarzı programları izleme oranlarında ciddi bir artışın olduğu ve radyo dinleme sürelerinde çok az bir artışın olduğu tespit edilmiştir
NECESSITY OF MOBILE EXPERT SYSTEM FOR APPLE AND PEAR DISEASE IDENTIFICATION IN LATVIA
Authors: Aleško Tatjana , Kodors Sergejs
Published: May 2022

Apples and pears are one of the most widely grown and economically important fruits in the world and in Latvia. Mobile expert system is software running on smartphones that use artificial intelligence to solve problems in a specialized field that usually requires human competence. This article analyses the necessity of mobile expert system that will be able to recognize apple or pear disease. Author conducted Latvian market survey to investigate gardener inclinations related with smart horticulture. The survey showed the importance of expert system for Latvian market.
EFFICIENCY COMPARISON OF PATHFINDING ALGORITHMS A* AND DIJKSTRA’S IN TWO DIMENSIONAL GRID
Authors: Česlis Intars , Kodors Sergejs
Published: May 2022

The shortest path finding algorithms are applied more and more in different industries. There are many pathfinding algorithms, but the most of them differ from their modified versions. The goal of this work was to create A* and Dijkstra’s pathfinding algorithms and compare their execution time.
ENOSE FOR INTERNET OF THINGS
Authors: Elksne Mārīte , Solovjovs Artūrs , Teilāns Artis
Published: May 2022

System “eNose” is developed within a project “eNose for Internet of things”, which is a part of a project contest “Research Grant of Rezekne Acadaemy of Technologies”. The aim of this work is to explore whether it is possible to detect spoiled food with help of sensors and a neural network. System “eNose” is intended to detect and classify spoiled food products within storages and notify related users. Detection and classification are performed by four gas sensors and a neural network. As a result, a web application was developed that performs such functions as storage and sensor registration, neural network training, spoiled food detection based on sensor data, and user permission control. It was concluded that sensors for this application must be very precise in order to receive best possible results.
INTEGRATION OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES FLYING BEYOND VISUAL LINE OF SIGHT INTO AIR TRAFFIC
Authors: Japins Ivars , Kodors Sergejs , Ežmale Sandra
Published: May 2022

In this article Author describes the potential of Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) that are flying Beyond visual line of sight (BVLOS). There are countless commercial applications of BVLOS UAS. Author provides an insight of the main challenges that need to be addressed in order to make BVLOS UAS operations safe and to integrate them into air traffic.
REMOTE JOB OPPORTUNITIES IN THE IT SECTOR 2020
Authors: Mazustērniniece Simona , Kodors Sergejs
Published: May 2022

Remote work is becoming more and more popular today. Various types of technical solutions are available to contribute remote work development. At present, remote work has become more relevant due to the limits of the Covid-19 pandemic. Some sectors are prominent leaders and often work remotely, mainly IT representatives, advertising and marketers, designers, translators and others. Working remotely, IT industry uses platforms such as Skype, Zoom, Microsof Teams, etc. for communication among colleagues. The main advantage of remote work is possibility to better plan personal and working time, while the main shortcomings are the lack of corollary in person with colleagues.
IMAGE SEGMENTATION ACCURACY DEPENDING ON THE DEPTH OF U-NET MODEL
Authors: Riekstiņš Jevģēnijs , Kodors Sergejs
Published: May 2022

The aim of this work is to obtain information about impact of the depth of U-Net architecture model into segmentation accuracy. Experiment was completed using dataset of DSM images. Neural networks were trained to recognize building locations. Experiment considered to decrease the number of U-Net filter blokes to measure impact on result accuracy.
SECURE PASSWORD FEATURES IN 2020
Authors: Rimša Sandis , Zeltiņš Aleksandrs , Kodors Sergejs
Published: May 2022

Authors completed literature analysis to actualize information about secure password in 2020 year. The paper provides description of password cracking methods to identify secure password features
VIRTUAL REALITY
Authors: Rogozovs Niks , Meirāns Ivars
Published: May 2022

We deal with history of virtual reality and the principle of virtual reality, as well as the application of virtual reality in selected areas. There was general knowledge of the history of virtual reality, it`s activities, and where these systems are used nowadays. It can be concluded that in the near future, we can expect a great boom in the technology department of virtual reality, which will be able to buy anybody and try to do the same with the virtual world. In 2020, we are expected to see the first progress in virtual reality and to see improvements that can drastically change our daily lives.
APPLICATION OF SUSTAINABLE RAINWATER MANAGEMENT PRACTICES TO PREVENT FLOOD RISKS IN J. ALUNANA PARK
Authors: Dunda Andra , Matisovs Ivars
Published: May 2022

Using the principles of sustainable rainwater management systems, to find solutions for the prevention of floods and floods in the Veseta River in the territory of Madona district, Kalsnava parish, Jaunkalsnava village Juris Alunāns park. Latvia is rich in natural water resources, but climate change forecasts show that problems are possible. Aware that water is a natural resource that must be used conscientiously and responsibly, flood and flood waters should be seen as a resource. Such a resource needs to be used efficiently by sustainable rainwater systems. Water is an independent and irreplaceable need for plants, so the use of flood and flood water in the nursery irrigation system can be considered as a rational and efficient method. Historical research provides support for the potential of treated wastewater or accumulated rainwater. Such waters can be a source to provide plants with water while reducing the amount of fertilizer used.
NATURE FRIENDLY TOURISM AND DEVELOPMENT OF TRAILER PARKS IN LATVIA
Authors: Grietiņa Ilze , Matisovs Ivars
Published: May 2022

In order to further stimulate economic growth, the tourism sector needs to refocus its thinking by overputting the emphasis on generating profits on regional development. The establishment of trailer parks is a prerequisite for this. Kemper is an excellent means of movement that allows the ecological foot to be reduced, since it combines both the means of movement and the place of accommodation. Tourism without the use of an aircraft produces two times less CO2 emissions. Ecotourism meets the expectations of European travellers. They have important wilderness, rural areas, small towns. Latvia is a suitable place for the successful development of trailer parks, which will benefit not only the park business but also the surrounding entrepreneurs.
STUDY OF POSSIBILITIES OF USING WOOD ASH
Authors: Ratnika Līga , Laizāne Ināra
Published: May 2022

Within the framework of the work, the chemical properties of 32 samples from 3 different heat energy production sources were determined in order to evaluate the possibilities of their use. Possibilities of using wood ash in agriculture, forestry and construction were considered. Ash samples contain high concentrations of calcium and its compounds. The prospect of using ash is to use it to fertilize agricultural and forest land.
THE ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Andrejeva Sabīne , Ežmale Sandra
Published: May 2022

Social entrepreneurship promotes not only business development but also solves social problems. In order to promote the development of social enterprises, organization needs to use information systems. By using information systems effectively, organization can, for example, reach a wider range of consumers, establish cooperation with other companies or explore market competition. The aim of the research is to evaluate the role of information systems in the development of social entrepreneurship.
APPLE SCAB EARLY STAGE RECOGNITION USING RGB COLOR MODEL FILTERS
Authors: Orenīts Kārlis , Šaicāns Edgars , Kodors Sergejs
Published: May 2022

The goal of the study is to develop a RGB color model filter that helps highlighting apple scab in its early stages. It is necessary to identify the apple scab because understanding the problem early can save the apple tree from getting damaged further. Images of apple scab were modified by zooming them in, adding artificial color, analyzing the RGB histograms. With this data authors were able to filter colors with specific values.
OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS FOR LASER MARKING AND ENGRAVING ON PLYWOOD AND PINE WOOD MATERIALS
Authors: Gusts Artis Stanislavs , Adijāns Imants
Published: May 2022

This publication shows the results of CO2 laser marking and engraving on plywood and pine materials at different speeds and powers. Plywood and pine materials were marked and engraved with four different speed and seven different power ratios. Marked and engraved line depth was measured for these materials. In this publication used SUNTOP CC-9060 CO2 laser machine and OLYMPUS OLS5000 laser microscope.
RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF LASER BEAM PARAMETERS ON THE NEOPRENE LASER ENGRAVEMENT AND LASER CUT
Authors: Silinieks Matīss , Geršebeks Kristiāns , Tutiņa Amanda , Lazov Lyubomir
Published: May 2022

The report considers the possibility of using laser technology for neoprene engraving and cutting. This modern material is a type of synthetic rubber with great strain resistance, general durability and excellent temperature insulation properties. This study uses a CO2 laser system SUNTOP ST-CC 9060 with a wavelength of 10640 nm with a goal to achieve the best engraving and cutting quality of the material and Zwick / Roell machine for testing the samples. As a result of experimental studies, power density and processing speed parameters were optimized for high – quality engraving and cutting of the neoprene.
CO2 LASER HEAD NOZZLE FLOW ANALYSIS AND MODERNIZATION
Authors: Suckovs Ilja , Rudziss Raitis , Zaicevs Edgars
Published: May 2022

With the passage of time and the development of technology, more applications are found in CNC controls with CO2 laser equipment. Laser machines with a CO2 source are increasingly distributed in woodworking and synthetic materials processing. Laser equipment makes it possible to produce high-quality and geometrically accurate products. The quality of the surface to be processed is directly related to the air flow intensity, which prevents sublimated particles burn to processed surface. The aim of the study is to increase air flow intensity by upgrading the internal design of the head nozzle. Simulations are created for modernized head nozzle that help to analyze the resulting data. Cutting and engraving is performed for wood material in working range for the head nozzle tests.
INFLUENCE OF LASER PARAMETERS ON THE PROCESSING OF ACRYLIC
Authors: Ščetiļnikovs Pāvels , Adijāns Imants
Published: May 2022

The publication describes the obtained results of the depth and width of the engraving line and cutting line when processing materials such as acrylic. In the experiment, we used a SUNTOP ST-CC9060 CO2 laser and an OLYMPUS OLS5000 laser microscope. The aim of the experiment was to find parameters for optimal cutting and many parameters for different engraving depths.
Breastfeeding and its Association with Early Childhood Caries – An Umbrella Review
Authors: Panchanadikar Noopur T , S Abirami , Muthu M S , H Selvakumar , Jayakumar Priya , Agarwal Amit
Published: May 2022

Objective: To systematically assess systematic reviews and meta-analyses investigating the association of breastfeeding with ECC. Study Design: A systematic search was carried out from MEDLINE® (PubMed), EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Database, OVID, Joanna Briggs Institute Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports and Epistemonikos Databases up to November 2019. Data extraction was carried out by two investigators. ROBIS tool was used for quality assessment of included systematic reviews.

Results: Four systematic reviews were found assessing the correlation of breastfeeding with ECC. Findings were grouped into four categories, according to the duration, frequency, pattern, and comparison of feeding habits. Two systematic reviews assessing duration of breastfeeding above the age of 12 months had odds ratios of 1.86 and 1.99, showing positive correlation with ECC while nocturnal breastfeeding showed highest odds ratio of 7.14. Of the four included reviews, three had low risk of bias and one had unclear risk of bias.

Conclusions: Breastfeeding beyond the age of 12 months, accompanied by nocturnal feeding, had a positive association with ECC. Further research is warranted for assessment of diurnal and nocturnal sleep-time breastfeeding habits, together with the role of enamel defects (hypoplasia), and the risk of ECC.
Duration of motor function and speech rehabilitation after insult
Authors: Kadykov A. S. , Shakhparonova N. V. , Chernikov a L. A. , Nekrasova Y. M. , Serebrennikova O. V.
Published: May 2022

The analysis of rehabilitation of injured functions in patients with insult showed the advantages of early beginning of the rehabilitation measures. The early beginning of rehabilitation therapy enables to prevent the development of contractures and stereotypes of speech, to decrease expression of psychical disadaptation. Recovery of motor functions happens, in the general, within 6 month after insult, recovery of speech happens within 2 years after insult; it is these periods that determine duration of rehabilitation.
Rehabilitation measures with patients having self-consciousness disorders as consequences of endogenous psychoses
Authors: Nosachev G. N. , Baranov V. S.
Published: May 2022

The results of detailed phenomenological analysis of self-consciousness disorders as consequences of endogenous psychoses are presented; the authors have examined a large number of patients within the last 15 years. The data have been evaluated in view of their role in rehabilitation. The conclusion has been made that the success of rehabilitation measures through formation of the most adequate self- appraisal in patients with acquired and labile alterations of self-consciousness is more probable in those with manic- depressive psychoses or periodical schizophrenia.
Pharmaco- and psychorehabilitation of teenagers with deviated and addicted activities
Authors: Bitenski V. S.
Published: May 2022

The paper is devoted to rehabilitation of teenagers suffering from narcomania or toxicomania. The theoretical basis for the study are the P.K.Anokhin Theory of Functional Systems and the P.VSimonov Demanding and Informational Theory of Emotions. The analysis of the results obtained in a complex examination of 1277 healthy teenagers made it possible to single out risk factors for formation of addicted activity. A stepwise rehabilitation is elucidated in the paper with respect to teenager patients, including pharmaco-, physio-, and psychotherapeutic treatment with favourable combination of fractional administration of tranquilizers, central electroreflex therapy, and training courses to reject leading motivations in deviated and addicted activity.
Reablement of alcoholism patients at various stages of the disease
Authors: Enikeev D. G. , Shmakova M. A. , Valeeva A. M. , Sajfullina A. K.
Published: May 2022

Some features of patient reablement at the three variants of prealcoholism stage conducted at a medical- and-sanitary institution are summarized. The research was carried out with the purpose of preventing further alcoholism development in 300 patients at the stage of predisease. The necessity of long term stepwise reablement at the late alcoholism stages at a narcomanial dispensary or medical-and;-working preventorium, has been substantiated (269 patients).. We also present the data obtained in our research of the influence of personal alteration type due to alcoholism both before and after the attack with the delirium-oneiric syndrom on the success of the reablement (28 patients).
Mebicar and nootropic drug administration aimed at increasing the effectiveness of mental invalid rehabilitation: the results of study
Authors: Karpov A. M. , Zimakova I. Y. , Makarchikov N. S.
Published: May 2022

In the course of studying 120 patient-invalids of the second group because of schisophrenia and organic diseases of brain data were obtained, evidencing the priority of mebicar administration as a drug improving rehabilitation of patients. It is noticed, that psychoactive drugs (nootrops, tranquilizers, neuroleptics) give the opportunity to liquidate pharmacologically sensitive morbogenic causes of working ability disorders. New factors of working ability associated with the drug therapy do not appear. It has been revealed that the improvement of integration of balance of psychical functions and movement coordination is the most favourable effect.
Current rehabilitation aspects in patients with facial nerve neuropathy
Authors: Grechko V. E. , Stepanchenko A. V. , Turbina L. G. , Semenova S. Y.
Published: May 2022

In 58 patients with peripheral injury of face musculature (prosoparesis 30, contracture of facial muscles 28) at early and late recovery stages various rehabilitation measures were carried out: drug therapy, neuropsycho rehabilitation through neuromotor re-training including self- regulation of facial muscle functions with the help of electromyography, patient training for independent carrying out postisometric relaxation of injured muscles. Therapy effectiveness analysis in patients at early and late recovery stages definitly pointed out the effectiveness of rehabilitation methods.
Energetic and architectural principle of understanding the mechanisms of mental illness
Authors: Chudnovsky V. S.
Published: May 2022

Soviet psychiatry was destined for a dramatic fate in the course of its development. As a result of ideological pressure, it was placed in an isolated position in world science. The ensuing excommunication from neuromorphology, genetics, and neurophysiology, with the latter being replaced by far-fetched schemes for the vulgarized and distorted beyond recognition Pavlovian concept of higher nervous activity, further aggravated the separation of Russian psychiatry from its general medical foundations.
Long-term results of conservative treatment of giant unruptured cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Schlosberg Paul
Published: May 2022

This article is the first report on the long-term results of observations (follow-up up to 12 years) in symptomatic unruptured giant aneurysms treated conservatively only with antihypertensive therapy.
Syndrome of the vertebral artery due to the abnormal structure of the cervical spine
Authors: Petrianina E. A. , Ismagilov M. F.
Published: May 2022

To the clinic of vertebrogenic diseases of the nervous system, the posterior cervical sympathetic syndrome (Barr-Lieu syndrome, or cervical migraine) occupies a significant place. The disease manifests itself more often in the third decade of life in the form of unilateral or bilateral headaches, spreading from the occipital to the parietotemporal region, and cochleovestibular disorders.
Disabled people of the Republic of Tatarstan: life and problems
Authors: Valeev R. N.
Published: May 2022

The problems of disabled people in Tatarstan and in Russia as a whole are the same. The situation remains the same when society does not hear about their needs, does not create elementary conditions for a normal human existence. Public places, transport, roads, entrances of houses are still inaccessible to them. There are no special lifts and descents in the transitions, there is not a single concert hall or theater where the presence of wheelchair users would be provided. Unfortunately, this indicates that Decree of the President of Russia On measures to create an accessible living environment for the disabled No. 1156 dated 02.10.92 has not yet become a guide to action for executive structures.