bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obstacles Avoidance Charging Schedule for Multiple Mobile Charging Vehicles in Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks
Authors: Raha Sk Md Abidar , Azharuddin Md , Kuila Pratyay
Published: October 2023

The integration of wireless power transfer technology into mobile charging vehicles (MCVs) opens up new possibilities for wirelessly recharging the batteries of sensor nodes (SNs). Thereby, it extends the network’s operational lifespan for wireless rechargeable sensor networks (WRSNs). However, the task of devising optimal charging schedules with MCVs is a complex one, especially when these MCVs encounter obstacles necessitating detours. These detours can impact the overall energy consumption and longevity of WRSNs. In this article, we introduce a strategic approach that harnesses the capabilities of multiple MCVs to enhance the efficiency of charging operations within WRSNs. The proposed method takes into account several key factors, such as the temporal and spatial aspects of charging requirements, the presence of multiple MCVs, and the challenges posed by obstacles. By amalgamating these elements into a unified metric, our strategy determines charging sequences based on collective charging preferences. The allocation of charging partitions is facilitated by clustering, leveraging the locations of SNs and their energy consumption rates, with each MCV tending to a designated partition. Furthermore, we employ an obstacle avoidance algorithm grounded in the use of anchor points and projection points to address scheduling issues when obstacles are encountered. Overall, this strategic framework offers an efficient and effective solution for SN charging, contributing to improved longevity and performance within WRSNs. Extensive simulations are conducted to validate the proposed methodology, and performance comparisons with existing systems are provided. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) is performed, followed by a post-hoc analysis.
An Exploration of COVID-19 Vaccination Models for Refugees and Newcomer Immigrants in a Canadian City
Authors: Aghajafari Fariba , Ness Alyssa , Wall Laurent , Weightman Amanda , Lake Deidre , Anupindi Krishna , Moorthi Gayatri , Kuk Bryan , Santana Maria , Coakley Annalee
Published: October 2023

Background
The World Health Organizations stresses the need for tailored COVID-19 models of vaccination to meet the needs of diverse populations and ultimately reach high rates of vaccination. However, little evidence exists on how COVID-19 models of vaccination operated in the novel context of the pandemic, how vulnerable populations, such as refugees, experience COVID-19 vaccination systems in high-income countries, and what lessons may be learned from vaccination efforts with vulnerable populations. To address this gap, this study explored COVID-19 vaccine delivery models available to refugees and newcomers, and refugee experiences across different COVID-19 vaccine delivery models in Calgary, Canada, and surrounding area in 2021 and 2022, to understand the barriers, strengths, and strategies of models to support access to COVID-19 vaccination for newcomers (with a focus on refugees).
Methods
Researchers conducted structured interviews with Government Assisted Refugees (n = 39), and semi-structured interviews with Privately Sponsored Refugees (n = 6), private refugee sponsors (n = 3), and stakeholders involved in vaccination systems (n = 13) in 2022. Thematic analysis was conducted to draw out themes related to barriers, strengths, strategies of vaccine delivery models, and intersections with patient experiences.
Results
Newcomer-specific and mainstream vaccination models were explored. They demonstrated how partnerships between organizations, multi-pronged approaches, and culturally responsive services were crucial to navigate ongoing and emergent factors, such as vaccine hesitancy, mandates, and determinants of under-vaccination. Many vaccination models were not specific to refugees and included newcomers and established immigrants.
Conclusions
Increasing COVID-19 vaccine uptake for refugees and newcomers is complex and requires trust, ongoing information provision, and local partnerships to address ongoing and emerging factors. Three key policy implications were drawn. First, findings demonstrated the need for flexible funding to offer outreach, translation, cultural interpretation, and to meet the basic needs of patients prior to engaging in vaccinations. Second, the research showed that embedding culturally responsive strategies within services ensures community needs are met. Finally, collaborating with partners that reflect the diverse needs of communities is crucial for the success of any health efforts serving newcomers.
Mitochondrial DNA variation of Algerian honey bees Apis mellifera intermissa and Apis mellifera sahariensis based on COI-COII RFLP and sequencing
Authors: Attia saliha Salem , Chahbar Nora , Abed Fouzia , Oussalah Narimen , Kandemir Irfan , Ainouche Abedelkadder , Doumandji salaheddine
Published: October 2023

To investigate the diversity among Algerian honeybees, we analyzed the mitochondrial DNA of 92 individuals originating from 18 different locations in North and South of Algeria based on the E2-H2 amplification of COI-COII intergenic region. Additional to RFLP analysis of mtDNA COI-COII intergenic region by using the restriction enzyme Dra I, we also sequenced 50 honeybee individuals displaying different restriction enzyme profiles. Our data revealed the presence of four different mtDNA haplotypes at various frequencies (A8, A9, C2 and M4). Based on the haplotype diversity, we can infer that the Algerian honeybees surveyed mainly consists of two haplotypes namely A8 (30.48%) and A9 (63.41%), the latter being most frequent in native regions of Saharan honeybee Apis mellifera sahariensis (EL Bayadh, Naama and Bechar) with a high frequency value (85.71%) comparative to the rest of the country (52.72% of frequency). Moreover, a low genetic introgression (6.09%) of non-local mtDNA haplotypes (C2 and M4) was also observed, which may be explained by the importation of foreign honeybee queens to Algeria. The sequencing of 50 individuals revealed the presence of 15 new haplotypes not previously described (6 sequences of A9, 6 sequences of A8, 2sequences of C2 and 1 sequence of M4), which are available in NCBI. Moreover the phylogenetic analysis revealed that the A8 haplotypes form a well-supported monophyletic group, which appear as a derived branch from the A9 group. This suggests that the haplotypes A8 have likely recently diverged within the A. mellifera intermissa complex in Northern (tellian) regions. Implications for insect conservation: This study help to more understand the genetic diversity which is essential for the description and the conservation of Algerian honeybee population.
Evaluating Seismic Stability of Retaining Wall Heel Strengthened with Pre- Stressed Ropes using Kinematic Limit Analysis Approach
Authors: Peng Tao , Zhang Xiaoxi , Huang Xiaoqiang , Yin Pingbao , Ren Dongxing
Published: October 2023

To enhance the resistance against sliding and overturning in a cantilever retaining wall, the study introduces a heel plate at the base of the wall’s backside. This heel plate is designed to work with the wall's combined weight and the soil fill's weight placed on the heel plate. These components work together to mitigate the lateral forces produced by the soil fill. The objective is to efficiently and cost-effectively mitigate the seismic forces by integrating a cantilever retaining wall with a heel plate and pre-stressed rope, capitalising on the favourable seismic response characteristics. The study used the kinematical approach based on the upper bound theorem to examine the system's failure mechanism and critical yield acceleration coefficient involving a retaining wall, ropes, and soil. This framework identified two distinct failure modes: the long-heel baseplate failure mode and the short-heel baseplate failure mode. These failure modes were distinguished based on the second and third conditions for generating slip surfaces in the analysis. Assuming that the sliding surface of the backfill follows a straight line, this study applies the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion to establish critical state equations of pre-stressed ropes in a retaining wall with a heel, considering two distinct failure modes. Seismic yield acceleration coefficients are derived for each failure mode. Utilising the extremum principle, the study offers an optimal solution, including determining the critical yield acceleration coefficient and the associated inclination angle of the backfill sliding surface.
Mitochondrial Transfer/Transplant in Skin: Reducing ROS Damage, Enhancing Proliferation and Wound Healing
Authors: Peñaherrera Sebastian , Robayo Paola , Villagomez Andrés , Borja Tatiana , Arteaga María Belén , Benavides-Almeida Abigail , Pérez-Meza Álvaro , Haro-Vinueza Alissen , Segnini Gilberto , Pontón Patricia , Torres Fernando , Donoso Gustavo , Suquillo Daniela , Santos Lucas Ferreira dos , Arizo Pamela , Tenesaca Domenica , Antilef Barba , Zabala Gabriela , Barba Diego , Aponte Pedro , Cabrera Francisco , Luz Patricia , Moya Ivan , Mitrani María Ines , Khoury Maroun , Nova-Lamperti Estefanía , Burzio Verónica , Díaz Ramiro , Maron-Guitierrez Tatiana , Caicedo Andrés
Published: October 2023

The intricate cellular composition of the skin encompasses dynamic interactions among melanocytes, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts, crucial for protective responses to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), wound healing and aging. Recent insights underline mitochondrial transfer as pivotal in cellular repair, yet its occurrence between skin cells remains unclear. Our research probes mitochondrial exchanges between skin cells, especially post-UVR exposure, uncovering a predominance of transfer via tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) over microvesicles (MVs). Notably, fibroblasts show diminished mitochondrial acquisition, possibly accelerating aging and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage. To counteract this, we subjected fibroblasts to UVR, augmenting ROS production, and then initiated Artificial Mitochondrial Transfer/Transplant (AMT/T) using Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a source. This intervention markedly boosted fibroblast proliferation, countering the adverse effects of UVR-related stress reflected in reduced proliferation and escalated ROS levels. Investigating AMT/T's therapeutic potential, we applied MSC-sourced mitochondria to a mouse surgical wound model, resulting in a faster wound healing with minimal mitochondria (25 ng) and MSCs (250,000) introduced. These results emphasize mitochondrial transfer's critical role in skin cellular defense mechanisms, presenting a novel strategy for mitigating UVR-induced damage, enhancing wound recovery, and the potential shielding of skin from environmental stressors.
Set of Factors Projected as Ontological Essence of Theoretical Construct: Statistical Reconstruction of Psychological Tendencies
Authors: Balanev Dmitry Yu. , Shcheglova Eleonora A. , Bredun Ekaterina V. , Tyutyunnikov Petr R.
Published: October 2023

Statistical reconstruction can be applied to psychological tendencies that project themselves as the ontological essence of a theoretical construct. This research featured the theoretical construct of individual cognitive education space. The research objective was to study the operational possibilities of statistical measurement of a theoretical phenomenon. The general scientific principles of systemic anthropological psychology served as the methodological basis of conceptual interpretation. The theoretical construct of individual cognitive education space was reconstructed through temporal, operational, cognitive, and metacognitive dimensions. The statistical methods included correlation analysis, principal component analysis, scree test, and Shapiro – Wilk test. They revealed three components of linear functions from theoretically identified and empirically measured temporal, operational, cognitive, and metacognitive characteristics. The component behind the interrelation of cognitive and metacognitive processes was identified empirically. It included six main metric elements, namely: temporal-cognitive strategies for solving problems of switching between tasks, dynamic components of positional strategies, motivational self-determination, design, forecasting, and structural components of constructive and conceptual levels. The study proved the empirical efficiency of statistical reconstruction applied to theoretical constructs and defined the psychological specifics of individual cognitive education space.
Psychology and Pedagogy of Polyfunctional Professional Activity of Teaching Staff
Authors: Gubanova Margarita I.
Published: October 2023

This psycho-pedagogical study featured advanced training of teaching staff as a means of adapting the modern educator to the transforming functions of teaching. The research objective was to describe the ideas that modern teachers have about their diverse professional functionality, as well as to identify related priorities and difficulties. The experimental part of the research aimed at revealing the technological methods that would make teaching productive. It relied on the theoretical and empirical analysis and synthesis, evaluation of students' activities, and a psychological and pedagogical experiment. The functional and role repertoire expanded under the following conditions: subject-subject relationships, active and interactive mode, innovative approach, and cooperation among teachers of all experience levels. The research results can be used to create and improve programs of advanced professional education in the teaching sphere. Teaching personnel should be provided with opportunities for a progressive, consistent, and constant development of their individual, socio-psychological, and professional skills to fulfil their teaching potential and functional repertoire.
Emotional Burnout in School Teachers with Different Self-Attitude Indicators
Authors: Kudinov Sergey I. , Sedova Irina V. , Abushik Artem S.
Published: October 2023

This empirical study links emotional burnout with self-attitude. The contemporary pedagogical environment subjects school teachers to emotional burnout and professional deformation. On the one hand, the state and society have extremely high professional requirements for teachers, who strive to improve their psychological, pedagogical, didactic, methodological, and digital competencies. On the other hand, the social and financial insecurity forces school teachers to increase their workload at the expense of their physical and psycho-emotional recovery. The authors hypothesized that a particular self-attitude can trigger the burnout syndrome in teachers. They relied on the subject-activity approach to the emotional burnout syndrome to survey 237 secondary school teachers (169 women, 68 men; 32–40 y.o.). Their self-attitudes were identified by the personal differential method, W. Stephenson’s Self-Image Test, and V. V. Stolin and S. R. Panteleev’s Self-Attitude Test. The level of emotional burnout was measured using V. V. Boyko’s Diagnostics of Emotional Burnout. An expert assessment served as an additional method to identify the performance indicators. The empirical research revealed that the teachers with an adequately positive self-attitude demonstrated fewer symptoms of emotional burnout, which stayed at an initial stage. They managed to maintain high standards of working capacity and professional motivation, as well as effective vertical and horizontal social communication. The teachers with a less positive self-attitude experienced severe symptoms of burnout and professional deformation, which affected their professional activities. They were confrontational and complained about low motivation, poor performance, procrastination, etc. The data obtained may help to improve psychological support programs and psychological counseling in schools.
Infraestructuras humanitarias en las ciudades fronterizas de Ciudad Juárez y Tijuana
Authors: López Reyes Emilio Alberto , París Pombo María Dolores
Published: October 2023

Con base en las teorías sobre las infraestructuras migratorias y la industria de la migración, este artículo analiza la instalación y desarrollo de instituciones para la ayuda humanitaria a solicitantes de asilo en la frontera norte de México. Describe tres tipos de instituciones y procedimientos que fueron creados entre 2019 y 2021 en Ciudad Juárez y en Tijuana: Centros Integradores para Migrantes administrados por el gobierno federal, hoteles filtro dirigidos por la Organización Internacional para las Migraciones y el sistema CONECTA coordinado por el Alto Comisionado de las Naciones Unidas para los Refugiados. Se muestran los efectos de la subcontratación de actores no estatales y agencias internacionales para la ejecución del control migratorio y de la asistencia humanitaria, así como las consecuencias del humanitarismo en las políticas de seguridad.
Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Isovitexin-2''-O-β-D-glucopyranoside
(IVG) in Sprague-Dawley Rats
Authors: Zhao Xiaotong , Fang Leilei , Yang Tan , Zhang Yanqing , Xie Junbo
Published: October 2023

Background::

Isovitexin-2"-O-D-glucopyranoside (IVG) has been known to exhibit sedative and hypnotic
effects. However, there is little understanding of the in vivo pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of IVG.

Objective::

This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of IVG.

Methods::

The study employed an HPLC–ESI-MS/MS method to analyze the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution
of IVG.

Results::

Under mass spectrometry, IVG and internal standard (IS) showed strong negative ionization signals.
MRM analysis chose ion transitions m/z 593.3 → 293.0 (IVG) and m/z 579.8 → 271.4 (IS). Method validation
indicated high precision, accuracy, and reliability with a quantitation limit under 20 ng/mL. After intravenously
administering 5.0 mg/kg of IVG, rapid clearance from rat plasma was observed, with a half-life (t1/2) of 3.49 ±
0.99 h and a clearance rate of 54.53 ± 11.90 mL/kg/h. The area under the curve (AUC0-12h) of 37.79 ± 7.65
μg·h/mL indicated a brisk metabolic rate. Evaluating the tissue distribution, the highest accumulation was seen in
the liver (30.32 ± 3.06 μg/g), followed by the kidney (20.58 ± 2.12 μg/g) and intestine (6.69 ± 0.93 μg/g), suggesting
a propensity for IVG to concentrate in these tissues. Importantly, the presence of IVG in the brain underlines
its potential to traverse the blood-brain barrier. These findings revealed that following intravenous administration,
IVG was swiftly and broadly distributed throughout various rat tissues.

Conclusion::

This study provides valuable information on the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of IVG,
implicating its potential as a novel and effective drug candidate for sedative and anxiolytic treatment.

other:

none
RNA Sequencing of A2780 Cells Treated with CCL2 Identified Genes
Associated with A2780 Cell Growth
Authors: Ma Zhenling , Wang Lei , Cheng Kun , Xing Guozhen , Zhang Jiajia , Liu Wei
Published: October 2023

Introduction:

Ovarian cancer is a common gynecological malignancy. It is one of the
leading causes of death among women worldwide. The incidence of ovarian cancer ranks third, and
mortality is the first among gynecological malignant tumors. CCL2 (Chemokine C-C motif Ligand
2) is associated with the progression of a variety of tumors, including ovarian cancer. However, the
mechanism of CCL2 in A2780 cell growth has not been clarified. Method: In this study, we found
that exogenous CCL2 promoted A2780 cell activity. RNA sequencing was used to identify the transcriptomic
changes in CCL2-treated A2780 cells. Based on a p-value less than 0.05 and |log2 Fold
Change| greater than 1, 190 differentially expressed genes were selected. Of these genes, 82 were
observed to be upregulated and 108 downregulated. Result: The GO (gene ontology) analysis of differentially
expressed genes was used to identify the underlying functions and biological processes.
In addition, the expression of the topmost upregulated genes was verified by qPCR. Conclusion:
This work may provide new markers and reveal the underlying mechanism of exogenous CCL2 in
A2780 cell proliferation.
The Diagnostic Value of a Nomogram Based on Clinical Imaging and MRIBased
Radiomic Features in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Meng Xin Liu , Min Ge , Shi Wei Wang , Huan Lu , Zhi Yong Pan , Xue Wei Ding
Published: October 2023

Objective::

This study aimed to determine the utility of a radiomic nomogram combined with clinical imaging and radiomic features based on MRI for the
diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer.

Methods::

Multi-parametric MRI images of 136 breast cancer patients were retrospectively analyzed, 95 cases were stratified into the training cohort, and 41
cases were selected for the test group. According to the pathological molecular typing, the patients were divided into 23 cases of triple-negative
breast cancer and 113 cases of non-triple-negative breast cancer. ITK software was used to manually delineate the lesion volume region of interest
(VOI), and the Pyradiomics package was used to extract radiomic features for screening and model building. The platform was then used to
analyze the clinical and imaging risk factors of breast cancer to build a characteristic model separately. Finally, a radiomic nomogram was
constructed by integrating the radiomic and independent clinical image features. The diagnostic performance of the model was assessed using ROC
curves

Results::

Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the menstrual cycle, glandular density, and skin thickening were risk factors for clinical imaging
characteristics of triple-negative breast cancer. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) was 0.839 and 0.826 for univariate and multivariate analysis,
respectively. After screening, 11 radiomic features participated in the calculation of the radiomic score, and its AUC in the test set was 0.803.
Combining it further with clinical models, the AUC improved to 0.899.

Conclusion::

The radiomic nomogram developed in this study has great value in the diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer.
Differential Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Pulmonary Nodules in CT
Images Based on Multitask Learning
Authors: Song Guanghui , Dai Qi , Nie Yan , Chen Genlang
Published: October 2023

Background::

Artificial intelligence-based aided diagnostic systems for pulmonary nodules can be divided into subtasks such as nodule detection, segmentation,
and benign and malignant differentiation. Most current studies are limited to single-target tasks. However, aided diagnosis aims to distinguish
benign from malignant pulmonary nodules, which requires the fusion of multiple-scale features and comprehensive discrimination based on the
results of multiple learning tasks.

Objective::

This study focuses on the aspects of model design, network structure, and constraints and proposes a novel model that integrates the learning tasks
of pulmonary nodule detection, segmentation, and classification under weakly supervised conditions.

Methods::

The main innovations include the following three aspects: (1) a two-dimensional sequence detection model based on a ConvLSTM (Convolutional
Long Short-Term Memory) network and U-shaped structure network is proposed to obtain the context space features of image slices fully; (2) a
differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules based on multitask learning is proposed, which uses the annotated data of
different types of tasks to mine the potential common features among tasks; and (3) an optimization strategy incorporating prior knowledge of
computed tomography images and dynamic weight adjustment of multiple tasks is proposed to ensure that each task can efficiently complete
training and learning.

Results::

Experiments on the LIDC-IDRI and LUNA16 datasets showed that our proposed method achieved a final competition performance metric score of
87.80% for nodule detection and a Dice similarity coefficient score of 83.95% for pulmonary nodule segmentation.

Conclusion::

The cross-validation results of the LIDC-IDRI and LUNA16 datasets show that our model achieved 87.80% of the final competition performance
metric score for nodule detection and 83.95% of the DSC score for pulmonary nodule segmentation, representing the optimal result for that dataset.
NaProGraph: Network Analyzer for Interactions between Nucleic Acids
and Proteins
Authors: Nematzadeh Sajjad , Aydin Nizamettin , Kurt Zeyneb , Torkamanian-Afshar Mahsa
Published: October 2023

Background:

Interactions of RNA and DNA with proteins are crucial for elucidating intracellular
processes in living organisms, diagnosing disorders, designing aptamer drugs, and other applications.
Therefore, investigating the relationships between these macromolecules is essential to life
science research.

Methods:

This study proposes an online network provider tool (NaProGraph) that offers an intuitive
and user-friendly interface for studying interactions between nucleic acids (NA) and proteins. NaPro-
Graph utilizes a comprehensive and curated dataset encompassing nearly all interacting macromolecules
in the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics (RCSB) Protein Data Bank (PDB).

Results:

Researchers can employ this online tool to focus on a specific portion of the PDB, investigate
its associated relationships, and visualize and extract pertinent information. This tool provides insights
into the frequency of atoms and residues between proteins and nucleic acids (NAs) and the similarity
of the macromolecules' primary structures.

Conclusion:

Furthermore, the functional similarity of proteins can be inferred using protein families
and clans from Pfam.
Eczema, Etiology and Treatment
Authors: Bilal Humaira , Showkat Mehnaz , Tabassum Nahida
Published: October 2023

Eczema is not a condition but a group of skin diseases that causes skin
inflammation and irritation. It exists in several different forms, and each form has its
signs and symptoms. Eczema is also referred to as Atopic dermatitis (AD), which is its
most prevalent and popular form, with a high global burden in morbidity and health care costs. It is a chronic recurrent skin inflammatory disorder that is characterized by
itching, redness, burning sensation of dark or light patches, papular bumps and weeping
or crusting eruptions of the skin. Pathophysiology of AD is complex and multifactorial,
involving genetic predisposition, skin barrier defects, immunological dysfunction and
regulation, microbial colonisation, neuroinflammation, altered lipid composition, food
allergies and other environmental risk factors. Currently, available treatment regimens,
which include corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, antibiotics, immunomodulatory
agents, UV therapy, may offer some relief to patients, but there is no permanent cure
for the disease. Specific cases may additionally need psychosomatic counselling (in
stress induces exacerbations), Monoclonal antibodies targeting T-helper 2 pathways
and aeroallergens, which may improve the condition of associated asthma or rhinitis.
To minimize the side-effects caused by conventional treatments such as skin atrophy,
telangiectasia, lymphomas and malignancies, Novel jakus kinase (JAK) receptor
inhibitors are under development which are believed to show promising effects in
treating AD. Traditional Chinese herbs, used widely, have revealed some
supplementary activity in reducing the severity of AD. Tapinarof, a naturally derived
stilbene that activates aryl hydro carbon receptor (AHR) and triggers inflammation, has
shown significant results in AD and psoriasis patients. Homeopathy, aroma therapy,
essential oils, essential fatty acids, vitamins and minerals, have also been exemplified
to aid clinical AD treatment.
Superficial Mycoses as a Challenging Skin Disorder
Authors: Suttithumsatid Wiwit , Panichayupakaranant Pharkphoom
Published: October 2023

Superficial mycoses of the skin, nails and hair caused by dermatophytes,
non-dermatophyte molds, yeasts and yeast-like fungi are among the most common
morbidity of the skin, especially in tropical regions of the world. Various antifungal
agents, including polyenes, fluoropyrimidines, echinocandins, and azoles, have been
commonly used, topically and/or orally, for the treatment of superficial mycoses.
Nevertheless, the conventional treatment guideline is not always successful due to drug
resistance as well as the possibility of drug interactions and side effects. Recently, the
search for new antifungal compounds, such as naphthoquinones, anthraquinones,
terpenoids, saponins and flavonoids from medicinal plants toward novel drug
development, has attracted a lot of attention. This chapter describes the common
superficial mycoses as well as their pathophysiology, epidemiology and current
treatment options. Promising herbal extracts or phytochemicals and their products used
as therapeutic alternatives for combating superficial mycosis are also highlighted.
Atopic Dermatitis Prevalence and How to Manage It
Authors: Filaire Edith , Peyrot Jacques , Berthon Jean-Yves
Published: October 2023

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common inflammatory skin disorder
characterized by recurrent eczematous lesions and intense itch. More precisely, the
earliest lesion is a small erythematous papule or papulovesicle. These papules may then
later become erythematous plaques with clinical features of weeping, crusting, or
scaling, depending on the severity of the lesions. The most problematic symptom of
AD is itch. The “itch-scratch” cycle involves the act of scratching affected areas of the
skin to relieve AD-associated itch, which can further worsen the disease.
This skin disorder affects people of all ages and ethnicities, has a substantial
psychosocial impact on patients and relatives, and is the leading cause of the global
burden of skin disease. Moreover, AD persistence has been reported in 60% of adults
who had the disease as children.
AD is associated with an increased risk of multiple comorbidities, including food
allergy, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and mental health disorders. The pathophysiology is
complex and involves a strong genetic predisposition, epidermal dysfunction, and T-cell-driven inflammation. There is increasing evidence that AD involves multiple
immune pathways. Currently, there is no cure, but increasing numbers of innovative
targeted therapies hold promise for achieving disease control. As effective medical
treatments for this condition are limited in number, many patients have turned to
alternative therapies, including so-called natural products, such as herbs and algae. In
this chapter, we summarized and discussed advances in the understanding of the
disease and its implications for prevention, management, and future research, with a
focus on natural solutions.
Continuous empowering with laser power transmission technologies for ISRU moon assets: CIRA approach
Authors: Noviello M.C.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Due to the potential possibility of changing the dynamics of the New Space Economy, In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) is acquiring more and more importance within the Space Exploration scenario. Indeed, the closest space missions will return humans to the Moon, while planning the long-term stay. This aspect opens the way to the need for employment and processing of local resources, with the aim of reducing the dependence on Earth-based resources, also ensuring the financial sustainability of the space exploration programs. ISRU technologies will demand for energy values likely to be in the Megawatt range and, eventually, at Gigawatt levels, to be ensured in the harsh hazardous environmental conditions of the celestial bodies (e.g. Moon, Mars, Near Earth Asteroids). This work, performed by the CIRA TEES Laboratory, provides the CIRA approach to the feasibility study concerning the Laser Power Transmission (LPT) technologies for Moon assets empowering. The aim is to evaluate whether LPT can be a potentially efficient solution for continuous power delivery from an orbiting source device, considering long-distance wireless employments and severe environmental conditions, to drive ISRU Moon assets (habitats, rovers, local industrial plants, conveyance facilities, et cetera). For the purpose of this study, starting from the space mission identification, an increasing complexity multi-step approach was properly conceived by CIRA to design the dedicated LPT system responding to the evaluated mission requirements.
Concept and feasibility analysis of the Alba CubeSat mission
Authors: Mozzato M.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Alba CubeSat is a 2U CubeSat which is being developed by a student team at the University of Padova. The Alba project aims to design, build, test, launch, and operate University of Padova’s first student CubeSat, featuring four different payloads that aim to satisfy four independent objectives. The first goal is to collect data regarding the debris environment in LEO, the second goal is the study of the satellite vibrations, the third one is about CubeSat attitude determination through laser ranging technology and the fourth goal concerns satellite laser and quantum communication. The Alba CubeSat mission has been selected by ESA to join the Fly Your Satellite! Design Booster programme in December 2022. This paper presents the feasibility study of the Alba CubeSat mission reproduced in the framework of the “Space Systems Laboratory” class of M.Sc. in Aerospace Engineering at the University of Padova. In the beginning, a mission requirements definition was conducted. After that, the mission feasibility was considered, with preliminary requirements verification to assess the ability of the spacecraft to survive the space environment, including compliance with Debris Mitigation Guidelines, ground station visibility and minimum operative lifetime evaluation. The Alba mission sets a base for a better understanding of the space environment and its interaction with nanosatellites, and an improvement of the accuracy of debris models. Furthermore, this paper, describing the educational experience and the results achieved, will provide a useful example for future students’ studies on CubeSat mission design.
Feasibility analysis of a CubeSat mission for space rider observation and docking
Authors: Chilin L.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. In the last few years the number of orbiting satellites has increased exponentially, in particular due to the development of the New Space Economy. Even if this phenomenon makes the space more accessible, bringing a great contribution to the scientific, economic and technological fields, on the other hand it contributes to the overpopulation of the space background. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new techniques to manage the space environment, such as in orbit servicing, which is a procedure that aims to refuel and repair satellites to extend their operational life. A first step to reach this goal is to inspect closely the object of interest to study its features. In this framework, the Space Rider Observer Cube (SROC) mission is being developed. SROC is a payload that will be deployed by Space Rider, an uncrewed and reusable robotic spacecraft designed by ESA. SROC is a 12U CubeSat, whose goal is to carry out inspection manoeuvres around the mothership, then re-enter on board using a safe docking system to come back to Earth. The feasibility of a mission similar to SROC has been simulated during a university class, starting from the definition of the system requirements with particular focus on the analysis of the payloads and subsystems, to ensure the achievement of the mission goals. In particular, the CubeSat is equipped with an optical instrument to capture high resolution images of Space Rider surface and a docking mechanism. Then the design of the orbit and the simulation of the effects of the space environment on the CubeSat have been studied using GMAT, SYSTEMA, MATLAB and other numerical tools. The results of the study are useful for future missions, aiming to inspect orbiting objects, such as operative satellites for in orbit servicing, space debris and dead satellites to study their geometries and plan their removal.
Onboard autonomous conjunction analysis with optical sensor
Authors: Capocchiano L.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The increasingly high number of spacecrafts orbiting our planet requires continuous observation to predict hazardous conjunctions. Direct onboard analysis would allow to ease the burden on ground infrastructure and increase the catalogued debris. A spaceborne optical sensor is used to assess the performance in terms of different targets visibility. A fast relative orbit determination algorithm is then proposed to compute the probability of collision for a particular case study and compared to a more accurate ground analysis.
Mini-IRENE, a successful re-entry flight of a deployable heatshield capsule
Authors: Mungiguerra S.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This paper presents some of the results of the suborbital flight of the Mini-IRENE Flight Experiment (MIFE), flight demonstrator of the IRENE technology. A capsule equipped with a deployable heat shield was successfully launched with a VSB-30 suborbital rocket, achieving an apogee of 260 km, a peak deceleration of 12g and surviving the landing with successful retrieval. A huge set of telemetry data was acquired, including GPS, attitude, temperature, acceleration measurements. The capsule showed aerodynamic stability at all flight regimes. The derived drag coefficient was different from the predicted one, possibly due to flexible aero-brake deformation.
Comparison of LARES 1 and LARES 2 missions - one year after the launch
Authors: Ciufolini I.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The LARES 1 and LARES 2 missions were designed to test an intriguing phenomenon predicted by the theory of general relativity: the Lense-Thirring (frame-dragging) effect. In particular, the LARES 2 mission was designed with the goal of reaching an accuracy 10 times better than that obtained with LARES 1, launched 10 years earlier. To reach this demanding goal a special orbit and a specific satellite design was required. Knowledge of the gravitational field of Earth of ever-increasing accuracy, thanks to the Follow-on GRACE space mission together with the spectacular orbital injection accuracy provided by the Avio-ASI-ESA launcher VEGA C, will make possible an even better accuracy after a few years of data analysis. In this paper the two missions are compared along with the results obtained from the LARES 1 mission and those expected from LARES 2.
Tracking particles ejected from active asteroid Bennu with event-based vision
Authors: Azzalini L.J.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Early detection and tracking of ejecta in the vicinity of small solar system bodies is crucial to guarantee spacecraft safety and support scientific observation. During the visit of active asteroid Bennu, the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft relied on the analysis of images captured by onboard navigation cameras to detect particle ejection events, which ultimately became one of the mission’s scientific highlights. To increase the scientific return of similar time-constrained missions, this work proposes an event-based solution that is dedicated to the detection and tracking of centimetre-sized particles. Unlike a standard frame-based camera, the pixels of an event-based camera independently trigger events indicating whether the scene brightness has increased or decreased at that time and location in the sensor plane. As a result of the sparse and asynchronous spatiotemporal output, event cameras combine very high dynamic range and temporal resolution with low-power consumption, which could complement existing onboard imaging techniques. This paper motivates the use of a scientific event camera by reconstructing the particle ejection episodes reported by the OSIRIS-REx mission in a photorealistic scene generator and in turn, simulating event-based observations. The resulting streams of spatiotemporal data support future work on event-based multi-object tracking.
Totimorphic structures for space application
Authors: Thomas A.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. We propose to use a recently introduced Totimorphic metamaterial for constructing morphable space structures. As a first step to investigate the feasibility of this concept, we present a method for morphing such structures autonomously between different shapes using physically plausible actuations. The presented method is part of a currently developed Python library bundling non-rigid morphing and finite element analysis code, which will be made publicly available in the future. With this work, we aim to lay a foundation for exploring a promising and novel class of multi-functional, reconfigurable space structures.
The ATEMO device: a compact solution for earth monitoring
Authors: Toson F.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. In today's context, where climate change is increasingly topical and of global interest, the ATEMO (Atmospheric Technologies for Earth Monitoring and Observation) project proposes a multi-purpose solution, which can be integrated on board drones or stratospheric balloons, to provide a framework for environmental assessment in areas of interest. Specifically, ATEMO, equipped with a set of cameras and sensors, aims to enrich data on air pollution, light pollution and vegetation health with high spatial resolution and rapid deployment.
Performance assessment of low-by-pass turbofan engines for low-boom civil supersonic aircraft
Authors: Piccionello F.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This paper presents an approach to evaluate the performance of low-bypass turbofan engines without afterburner for a low-boom supersonic aircraft operating at Mach 1.5. The proposed method focuses on optimizing the propulsive performance by minimizing fuel consumption while meeting mission profile requirements. The study contributes to the MORE&LESS project, providing methods for rapidly designing novel supersonic propulsion concepts with improved environmental performance. The research conducts a thermodynamic analysis for on-design engine conditions based on the Modified Specific Heat (MSH) gas model. Specific non-installed thrust and fuel consumption are estimated for cruise phase. Then, the engine cycle analysis is also performed to study off-design performance, including simplified models to account for engine drag and calculate installed thrust and fuel consumption. MATLAB simulations are employed to determine thrust and consumption based on the specific mission profile of the Mach 1.5 case-study, allowing for comparison of different engine types. Ongoing work involves the optimization of engine parameters such as compression ratio, bypass ratio, and turbine inlet temperature, targeting further fuel consumption reduction and pollutant emission estimations.
Reduced-attitude stabilization for spacecraft boresight pointing using magnetorquers
Authors: Celani F.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This paper presents a method for achieving a desired boresight pointing of an instrument on a spacecraft using only magnetorquers as torque actuators. The desired pointing direction is inertially fixed. The proposed method is of proportional-derivate type and stabilizes the boresight pointing. Numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the method and show that convergence to the desired pointing direction occurs faster than employing a three-axis stabilization approach.
Trajectory optimization and multiple-sliding-surface terminal guidance in the lifting atmospheric reentry
Authors: Leonardi E.M.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. In this paper the problem of guiding a vehicle from the entry interface to the ground is addressed. The Space Shuttle Orbiter is assumed as the reference vehicle and its aerodynamics data are interpolated in order to properly simulate its dynamics. The transatmospheric guidance is based on an open-loop optimal strategy which minimizes the total heat input absorbed by the vehicle while satisfying all the constraints. Instead, the terminal phase guidance is achieved through a multiple-sliding-surface technique, able to drive the vehicle toward a specified landing point, with desired heading angle and vertical velocity at touchdown, even in the presence of nonnominal initial conditions. The time derivatives of lift coefficient and bank angle are used as control inputs, while the sliding surfaces are defined so that these two inputs are involved simultaneously in the lateral and vertical guidance. The terminal guidance strategy is successfully tested through a Monte Carlo campaign, in the presence of stochastic winds and wide dispersions on the initial conditions at the Terminal Area Energy Management, in more critical scenarios with respect to the orbiter safety criteria.
Low-thrust maneuver anomaly detection of a cooperative asset using publicly available orbital data
Authors: Cipollone R.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. This work presents a novel method to estimate perturbations with respect to nominal maneuver planning by exploiting Two-Line-Element (TLE) data as initial step, then moving on to Global Positioning System (GPS) processed data. The case study is a low-thrust engine validation mission in Low Earth Orbit. The first algorithm exploits a couple of TLEs as boundary conditions to set up a least-squares problem and find the tangential thrust magnitude and firing duration to best fit the bounding orbital states, making use of Taylor differential algebra and Picard iterations. The second one makes use of a sequence of GPS states to apply multistep finite differences and a root-finding algorithm to retrieve information about both thrust profile and firing bounding times.
Efficient models for low thrust collision avoidance in space
Authors: Gonzalo J.L.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. A family of analytical and semi-analytical models for the characterization and design of low thrust collision avoidance manoeuvres (CAMs) in space is presented. The orbit modification due to the CAM is quantified through the change in Keplerian elements, and their evolution in time is described by analytical expressions separating secular and oscillatory components. Furthermore, quasi-optimal, piecewise-constant control profiles are derived from impulsive CAM models. The development of these models is part of an ESA-funded project to advance existing tools for collision avoidance activities.
Numerical and experimental studies on BLI propulsor architectures
Authors: Battiston A.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. An increasing awareness about the impact of civil air transportation emissions is currently driving a low-carbon technology transition, towards more sustainable propulsion strategies. Boundary layer ingesting systems are one of the most promising solutions, as a closer integration between fuselage and propulsors is considered a key in the achievement of more sustainable architectures. Such architecture is characterized by a high level of integration between the airframe and propulsors, making the design process become a major challenge. The present work deals with a complete CFD based design and optimization of a propulsive fuselage concept, both in terms of airframe shape and fan design.
Tests and simulations on 200N paraffin-oxygen hybrid rocket engines with different fuel grain lengths
Authors: Mungiguerra S.
Published: October 2023

Abstract. An experimental campaign, in the framework of the HYPROB-NEW hybrid rocket studies, was carried out on a 200N-thrust class hybrid rocket engine, using gaseous oxygen as the oxidizer and paraffin wax-based fuel, to investigate the effect of fuel grain length on motor performance and internal ballistics. Numerical analysis have been also performed to support the experimental findings. It was observed that, for given oxidizer flow rate, fuel grain length directly affects the characteristic velocity, because of its influence on residence time and mixing efficiency, so that the shortest grain configuration displayed the lowest performance. Moreover, CFD simulations provided an estimation of the regression rate profile along the grain length, providing a possible interpretation for the measured space-time-averaged fuel regression rate. Finally, a method for the rebuilding of the convective heat-transfer coefficient in the nozzle was used, based on a combination of numerical simulations and experimental acquisitions.