bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The distribution and environmental requirements of large brown seaweeds in the British Isles
Authors: Yesson Chris , Bush Laura E. , Davies Andrew J. , Maggs Christine A. , Brodie Juliet
Published: January 2015

Kelps, fucoids and other large brown seaweeds are common and important features of temperate coastal zones. The British Isles is a centre for seaweed diversity in the NE Atlantic, but, despite numerous surveys, an incomplete picture of the distribution remains. Survey data and herbarium specimens were used to examine the environmental preference of 15 species of large brown seaweeds, covering the orders Laminariales (kelps), Fucales (wracks) and one species of Tilopteridales. Habitat suitability models were developed to estimate broad-scale distribution and area of habitat created by these species around the British Isles. Topographic parameters were important factors limiting distributions. Generally, temperature did not appear to be a limiting factor, probably because the British Isles lies in the centre of the NE Atlantic distribution for most species, and not at climatic tolerance limits. However, for the recent migrant Laminaria ochroleuca, temperature was found to be important for the model, thus range expansion could continue northwards provided dispersal is possible. In contrast, the widespread Alaria esculenta showed a negative association with warmer summer temperatures. The total potential habitat around the British and Irish coastline is more than 19,000 km2 for kelps and 11,000 km2 for wracks, which represents a significant habitat area similar in scale to British broadleaf forest. We conclude that large brown algal species need to be managed and conserved in a manner that reflects their scale and importance.
Distribution and abundance of eggs and estimation of spawning stock biomass of anchovy,Engraulis encrasicolus(Linnaeus, 1758), in the south-eastern Adriatic Sea
Authors: Mandić Milica , Regner Slobodan , Đurović Mirko , Joksimović Aleksandar , Pešić Ana , Krpo-Ćetković Jasmina
Published: January 2015

Seasonal distribution and abundance of anchovy eggs were analysed during three scientific cruises carried out from summer 2006 to summer 2007 in the Boka Kotorska Bay, and one cruise in July 2008 in the open waters of the south-eastern Adriatic Sea. Daily egg production method (DEPM) was applied for the first time for estimation of the anchovy spawning stock biomass in the south-eastern Adriatic Sea. The daily egg production was 13–581 eggs day−1within the bay, and 42–110 eggs day−1in the open waters. Anchovy egg abundance was highest in spring inside the Bay of Kotor (one of the innermost and eutrophic sub-bays of the Boka Kotorska Bay), which indicates that the conditions for anchovy spawning are very favourable in this part of the Adriatic Sea, even when temperatures are below the optimum. This study has shown that the Boka Kotorska Bay is an area of very intensive spawning of anchovy, and that small-size anchovies live and spawn in the bay, and after spawning migrate towards open waters. The length at which 50% of anchovy were mature (L50) was calculated as 9.28 for females and 9.02 for males. Spawning stock biomass was at a stable level during the period of investigation.
Are common mental disorders more prevalent in the UK serving military compared to the general working population?
Authors: Goodwin L. , Wessely S. , Hotopf M. , Jones M. , Greenberg N. , Rona R. J. , Hull L. , Fear N. T.
Published: January 2015

Background

Although the military is considered to be a stressful occupation, there are remarkably few studies that compare the prevalence of common mental disorder (CMD) between the military and the general population. This study examined the prevalence of probable CMD in a serving UK military sample compared to a general population sample of employed individuals.

Method

Data for the general population was from the 2003 and 2008 collections for the Health Survey for England (HSE) and for the serving military from phases 1 (2004–2006) and 2 (2007–2009) of the King's Centre for Military Health Research (KCMHR) cohort study. Probable CMD was assessed by the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). The datasets were appended to calculate the odds of CMD in the military compared to the general population.

Results

The odds of probable CMD was approximately double in the military, when comparing phase 1 of the military study to the 2003 HSE [odds ratio (OR) 2.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.1–2.7], and phase 2 to the 2008 HSE (OR 2.3, 95% CI 2.0–2.6) after adjustment for sex, age, social class, education and marital status.

Conclusions

Serving military personnel are more likely to endorse symptoms of CMD compared to those selected from a general population study as employed in other occupations, even after accounting for demographic characteristics. This difference may be partly explained by the context of the military study, with evidence from previous research for higher reports of symptoms from the GHQ in occupational compared to population studies, in addition to the role of predisposing characteristics.
Optimizing coordinated motion planning for multiple car-like robots on a segment of highway
Authors: Reghelin Ricardo , Arruda Lucia Valeria
Published: January 2015

Real-time responses for multiple robots motion planning demand heuristic algorithms. This paper presents a method to evaluate the efficiency of these algorithms in order to compute coordinated trajectories for multiple car-like robots on a segment of a highway. The idea is to compare the results of these algorithms with the optimal result obtained by a proposed mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) optimization model. The MILP model considers the main elements of a traffic system, such as topography of lanes, traffic rules and individual capacity of acceleration. Moreover, new indexes for microscopic traffic assessment are proposed a well. Several tests have been carried out to validate both the MILP model and the algorithm used.
Biomechatronic design and control of an anthropomorphic artificial hand for prosthetic applications
Authors: Zhang Ting , Wang Xin Qing , Jiang Li , Wu Xinyu , Feng Wei , Zhou Dingjiang , Liu Hong
Published: January 2015

In this paper, we propose a biomechatronic design of an anthropomorphic artificial hand that is able to mimic the natural motion of human fingers. The prosthetic hand has 5 fingers and 15 joints, which are actuated by 5 embedded motors. Each finger has three phalanges that can fulfill flexion-extension movements independently. The thumb is specially designed to move along a cone surface when grasping, and the other four fingers are well developed based on the four-bar link mechanism to imitate the motion of the human finger. To accomplish the sophisticated control schemes, the fingers are equipped with numerous torque and position sensors. The mechanical parts, sensors, and motion control systems are integrated in the hand structure, and the motion of the hand can be controlled through electromyography (EMG) signals in real-time. A new concept for the sensory feedback system based on an electrical stimulator is also taken into account. The low-cost prosthetic hand is small in size (85% of the human hand), of low weight (420 g) and has a large grasp power (10 N on the fingertips), hence it has a dexterous and humanlike appearance. The performance of the prosthetic hand is validated in a clinical evaluation on transradial amputees.
Ship Collision Frequency Estimation in Port Fairways: A Case Study
Authors: Weng Jinxian , Xue Shan
Published: January 2015

This study aims to evaluate ship collision frequency in port fairways. One case study is created using one month's real-time ship movement data from five major Singapore port fairways. Results show that tankers account for the biggest proportion in the Temasek fairway, whereas the percentage of Roll-on-Roll-Off (RORO) and passenger ships is quite small in the Temasek fairway, Sinki fairway, Jong fairway and Southern fairway. Tankers and container ships are the two major ship types involved in dangerous encounters. The largest number of dangerous head-on and overtaking encounters is located in the Jong fairway. The majority of dangerous crossing encounters have occurred in the West Keppel fairway and Jong fairway. Ship collision frequency at night is found to be significantly higher than during the day in these fairways.
On the Length of a Random Minimum Spanning Tree
Authors: COOPER COLIN , FRIEZE ALAN , INCE NATE , JANSON SVANTE , SPENCER JOEL
Published: January 2015

We study the expected value of the lengthLnof the minimum spanning tree of the complete graphKnwhen each edgeeis given an independent uniform [0, 1] edge weight. We sharpen the result of Frieze [6] that limn→∞$\mathbb{E}$(Ln) = ζ(3) and show that$$ \mathbb{E}(L_n)=\zeta(3)+\frac{c_1}{n}+\frac{c_2+o(1)}{n^{4/3}}, $$wherec1,c2are explicitly defined constants.
Variable expression of Alagille syndrome in a family with a new JAG1 gene mutation
Authors: Ziesenitz Victoria C. , Loukanov Tsvetomir , Gläser Christiane , Gorenflo Matthias
Published: January 2015

We report the case of a patient with tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve and familial Alagille syndrome who successfully underwent cardiac repair. The patient’s sister had liver and congenital heart disease. The father had undergone liver transplantation but showed no significant cardiac abnormalities. A yet-unknown mutation of the JAG1 gene was discovered in this family with variable expression of Alagille syndrome.
A binary progenitor for the Type Ib Supernova iPTF13bvn
Authors: Bersten Melina C.
Published: January 2015

The recent detection in archival HST images of an object at the the location of supernova (SN) iPTF13bvn may represent the first direct evidence of the progenitor of a Type Ib SN. The object's photometry was found to be compatible with a Wolf-Rayet pre-SN star mass of ≈ 11 M⊙. However, based on hydrodynamical models we show that the progenitor had a pre-SN mass of ≈ 3.5 M⊙ and that it could not be larger than ≈ 8 M⊙. We propose an interacting binary system as the SN progenitor and perform evolutionary calculations that are able to self-consistently explain the light-curve shape, the absence of hydrogen, and the pre-SN photometry. Our models also predict that the remaining companion is a luminous O-type star of significantly lower flux in the optical than the pre-SN object. A future detection of such star may be possible and would provide the first robust progenitor identification for a Type-Ib SN.
Discrete absorption components in the massive LBV Binary MWC 314
Authors: Lobel A. , Martayan C. , Corcoran M. , Groh J. H. , Frémat Y.
Published: January 2015

We investigate the physical properties of large-scale wind structures around massive hot stars with radiatively-driven winds. We observe Discrete Absorption Components (DACs) in optical He i P Cygni lines of the LBV binary MWC 314 (Porb = 60.8 d). The DACs are observed during orbital phases when the primary is in front of the secondary star. They appear at wind velocities between −100 km s−1 and −600 km s−1 in the P Cyg profiles of Hei λ5875, λ6678, and λ4471, signaling high-temperature expanding wind regions of enhanced density and variable outflow velocity. The DACs can result from wave propagation linked to the orbital motion near the low-velocity wind base. The He i lines indicate DAC formation close to the primary's surface in high-temperature wind regions in front of its orbit, or in dynamical wind regions confined between the binary stars. We observed the DACs with Mercator-HERMES on 5 Sep 2009, 5 May 2012, and 6 May 2014 when the primary is in front of the secondary star. XMM-Newton observations of 6 May 2014 significantly detected MWC 314 in X-rays at an average rate of ~0.015 cts s−1.
Variable C – “a typical” LBV in M 33?
Authors: Weis Kerstin , Humphreys Roberta M. , Burggraf Birgitta , Bomans Dominik J.
Published: January 2015

One of the original Hubble-Sandage variables, Variable C in M33 is thought to be a very typical Luminous Blue Variable (LBV). An observational signature of LBVs is a variable brightness which is coupled to a change in spectral type. We compiled a 110 year long light curve of Var C and a set of spectra covering several decades. Analyzing both data sets, various astonishing changes of Var C, some very recent, emerged. Is Var C a typical or an atypical LBV?
An attempt of seismic modelling of β Cephei stars in NGC 6910
Authors: Moździerski D. , Kołaczkowski Z. , Zahajkiewicz E.
Published: January 2015

We present preliminary results of seismic modeling of β Cephei-type stars in NGC 6910 based on simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic observations carried out in 2013 in Białków (photometry) and Apache Point (spectroscopy) observatories.
The B Fields in OB Stars (BOB) Survey
Authors: Morel T. , Castro N. , Fossati L. , Hubrig S. , Langer N. , Przybilla N. , Schöller M. , Carroll T. , Ilyin I. , Irrgang A. , Oskinova L. , Schneider F. R. N. , Díaz S. Simon , Briquet M. , González J. F. , Kharchenko N. , Nieva M.-F. , Scholz R.-D. , de Koter A. , Hamann W.-R. , Herrero A. , Apellániz J. Maíz , Sana H. , Arlt R. , Barbá R. , Dufton P. , Kholtygin A. , Mathys G. , Piskunov A. , Reisenegger A. , Spruit H. , Yoon S.-C.
Published: January 2015

The B fields in OB stars (BOB) survey is an ESO large programme collecting spectropolarimetric observations for a large number of early-type stars in order to study the occurrence rate, properties, and ultimately the origin of magnetic fields in massive stars. As of July 2014, a total of 98 objects were observed over 20 nights with FORS2 and HARPSpol. Our preliminary results indicate that the fraction of magnetic OB stars with an organised, detectable field is low. This conclusion, now independently reached by two different surveys, has profound implications for any theoretical model attempting to explain the field formation in these objects. We discuss in this contribution some important issues addressed by our observations (e.g., the lower bound of the field strength) and the discovery of some remarkable objects.
Magnetic CP stars in Orion OB1 association
Authors: Romanyuk Iosif I. , Semenko Eugene A.
Published: January 2015

We present the overview of an observational program carring out on the 6-m telescope of Special Astrophysical Observatory from 2012. This program aims the searches of new Bp stars with surface magnetic field and the detailed study of known magnetic CP star from the stellar association Ori OB1. HD 34736 is the most interesting star that was found as magnetic within the program recently.
Links between surface magnetic fields, abundances, and surface rotation in clusters and in the field
Authors: Przybilla Norbert
Published: January 2015

Theory predicts that hydrodynamical instabilities transport angular momentum and chemical elements in rotating massive stars. An interplay of rotation and a magnetic field affects these transport processes. The complexity of the problem imposes that a comprehensive description cannot be developed on theoretical grounds alone, progress in the understanding of the evolution of massive stars has to be guided by observations. The challenge lies both in the derivation of accurate and precise observational constraints as well as in the extraction of the relevant information for identifying possible correlations – like between surface magnetic fields, abundances, and surface rotation – from a multivariate function of the many parameters involved. I review the most important steps recently made based on detailed studies of massive stars both in the field and in clusters towards finding such links that ultimately may guide the further development of the models.
X-rays From Centrifugal Magnetospheres in Massive Stars
Authors: Bard Christopher , Townsend Richard
Published: January 2015

In the subset of massive OB stars with strong global magnetic fields, X-rays arise from magnetically confined wind shocks (Babel & Montmerle 1997). However, it is not yet clear what the effect of stellar rotation and mass-loss rate is on these wind shocks and resulting X-rays. Here, we present results from a grid of Arbitrary Rigid-Field Hydrodynamic simulations (ARFHD) of a B-star centrifugal magnetosphere with an eye towards quantifying the effect of stellar rotation and mass-loss rate on the level of X-ray emission. The results are also compared to a generalized XADM model for X-rays in dynamical magnetospheres (ud-Doula et al. 2014).
An X-ray surprise in a magnetic pulsator
Authors: Nazé Yaël
Published: January 2015

ξ1 CMa is a rare β Cep star with a strong magnetic field. To gain new insight on this object, a dedicated campaign using XMM-Newton was performed. These data reveal a new type of variations, X-ray pulsations, posing a new challenge to our understanding of stellar winds.
3D and Some Other Things Missing from the Theory of Massive Star Evolution
Authors: David Arnett W.
Published: January 2015

This is a sketch of a 321D approximation which is nonlocal, and thus has nonzero fluxes of KE (to be published in more detail elsewhere). We plan to add this as an option to MESA. Inclusion of KE fluxes seems to help resolve the solar abundance problem (Asplund et al.2009). Smaller cores may ease the explosion problems with core collapse supernova simulations.
Spectropolarimetry of massive stars: Requirements and potential from today to 2030
Authors: Wade G. A.
Published: January 2015

We develop the requirements and potential of spectropolarimetry as applied to understanding the physics of massive stars during the immediate, intermediate-term and long-term future.
Capsicum annuum transcription factor WRKYa positively regulates defense response upon TMV infection and is a substrate of CaMK1 and CaMK2
Authors: Huh Sung Un , Lee Gil-Je , Jung Ji Hoon , Kim Yunsik , Kim Young Jin , Paek Kyung-Hee
Published: January 2015

Plants are constantly exposed to pathogens and environmental stresses. To minimize damage caused by these potentially harmful factors, plants respond by massive transcriptional reprogramming of various stress-related genes via major transcription factor families. One of the transcription factor families, WRKY, plays an important role in diverse stress response of plants and is often useful to generate genetically engineered crop plants. In this study, we carried out functional characterization ofCaWRKYaencoding group I WRKY member, which is induced during hypersensitive response (HR) in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum) uponTobacco mosaic virus(TMV) infection. CaWRKYa was involved inL-mediated resistance via transcriptional reprogramming ofpathogenesis-related(PR) gene expression and affected HR upon TMV-P0infection. CaWRKYa acts as a positive regulator of this defense system and could bind to theW-box of diversePRgenes promoters. Furthermore, we foundCapsicum annuummitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (CaMK1) and 2 (CaMK2) interacted with CaWRKYa and phosphorylated the SP clusters but not the MAPK docking (D)-domain of CaWRKYa. Thus, these results demonstrated that CaWRKYa was regulated by CaMK1 and CaMK2 at the posttranslational level in hot pepper.
N-Glycosylation of cholera toxin B subunit in Nicotiana benthamiana: impacts on host stress response, production yield and vaccine potential
Authors: Hamorsky Krystal Teasley , Kouokam J. Calvin , Jurkiewicz Jessica M. , Nelson Bailey , Moore Lauren J. , Husk Adam S. , Kajiura Hiroyuki , Fujiyama Kazuhito , Matoba Nobuyuki
Published: January 2015

Plant-based transient overexpression systems enable rapid and scalable production of subunit vaccines. Previously, we have shown that cholera toxin B subunit (CTB), an oral cholera vaccine antigen, is N-glycosylated upon expression in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana. Here, we found that overexpression of aglycosylated CTB by agroinfiltration of a tobamoviral vector causes massive tissue necrosis and poor accumulation unless retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, the re-introduction of N-glycosylation to its original or an alternative site significantly relieved the necrosis and provided a high CTB yield without ER retention. Quantitative gene expression analysis of PDI, BiP, bZIP60, SKP1, 26Sα proteasome and PR1a and the detection of ubiquitinated CTB polypeptides revealed that N-glycosylation significantly relieved ER stress and hypersensitive response and facilitated the folding/assembly of CTB. The glycosylated CTB (gCTB) was characterized for potential vaccine use. Glycan profiling revealed that gCTB contained approximately 38% plant-specific glycans. gCTB retained nanomolar affinity to GM1-ganglioside with only marginal reduction of physicochemical stability and induced an anti-cholera holotoxin antibody response comparable to native CTB in a mouse oral immunization study. These findings demonstrated gCTB's potential as an oral immunogen and point to a potential role of N-glycosylation in increasing recombinant protein yields in plants.
A DNA hybridization sensor based on catalytic response by platinum deposition
Authors: Yasukawa Tomoyuki , Yamashita Yuya , Moede Riku , Nakayama Daichi , Iijima Seiichiro , Mizutani Fumio
Published: January 2015

A novel electrochemical system based on the catalytic reduction of protons with deposited platinum is proposed for the sensing of DNA with a specific sequence.
Determination of uronic acids in sugarcane bagasse by anion-exchange chromatography using an electrode modified with copper nanoparticles
Authors: Beluomini Maísa Azevedo , Luiz da Silva José , Stradiotto Nelson Ramos
Published: January 2015

Uronic, d-glucuronic and d-galacturonic acids are found in lignocellulosic materials and are known to be used in the food industry and chemical industries.
Determination of amino acids in jams, fruits and pharmaceutical preparations by gas chromatography using trifluoroacetylacetone and ethylchloroformate as derivatizing reagents
Authors: Majidano S. A. , Khuhawar M. Y. , Zounr R. A. , Channar A. H. , Jahangir T. M. , Mughal M.
Published: January 2015

A gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detection procedure was used to determine amino acids in a pharmaceutical preparation (Aminess N tablets), jams, juices and a vegetable.
New D–A–π–A organic sensitizers for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Li Xiangguang , Zheng Zhiwei , Jiang Wei , Wu Wenjun , Wang Zhaohui , Tian He
Published: January 2015

New metal-free D–A–π–A organic sensitizers based on N-annulated perylene derivatives are promising for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells.
Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition: a gas-phase route to hydrophilic, glueable polytetrafluoroethylene
Authors: Roy Amit K. , Dendooven Jolien , Deduytsche Davy , Devloo-Casier Kilian , Ragaert Kim , Cardon Ludwig , Detavernier Christophe
Published: January 2015

PE-ALD functionalization of PTFE causes a permanent hydrophilic effect and a significant improvement of the “glueability” of PTFE to aluminium.
A–D–A small molecules for solution-processed organic photovoltaic cells
Authors: Ni Wang , Wan Xiangjian , Li Miaomiao , Wang Yunchuang , Chen Yongsheng
Published: January 2015

The recent representative progress in the design and synthesis of A–D–A small molecules for organic solar cells is summarized.
A mechanochemical strategy for IRMOF assembly based on pre-designed oxo-zinc precursors
Authors: Prochowicz D. , Sokołowski K. , Justyniak I. , Kornowicz A. , Fairen-Jimenez D. , Friščić T. , Lewiński J.
Published: January 2015

The strategy that exploits pre-assembled oxo-zinc clusters as precursors for the mechanochemical assembly of IRMOF-type materials is described.
Complete structure and cation orientation in the perovskite photovoltaic methylammonium lead iodide between 100 and 352 K
Authors: Weller Mark T. , Weber Oliver J. , Henry Paul F. , Di Pumpo Antonietta M. , Hansen Thomas C.
Published: January 2015

Neutron diffraction shows the methylammonium cation in the photovoltaic [CH3NH3]PbI3 demonstrates increasing positional disorder on heating from 100 K to 352 K.
Selective synthesis of rhodium-based nanoframe catalysts by chemical etching of 3d metals
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Ping , Zhu Wei , Yan Chun-Hua , Zhang Ya-Wen
Published: January 2015

We demonstrate a general strategy for the highly selective synthesis of Rh-based multi-metallic nanoframes through preferential etching of 3d metals, including Cu and Ni.
Synthesis of curtain-like crumpled boehmite and γ-alumina nanosheets
Authors: Wen Je-Ruei , Liu Ming-Han , Mou Chung-Yuan
Published: January 2015

Boehmite and γ-alumina nanosheets with a curtain-like crumpled morphology have been synthesized via a template-free hydrothermal process.
Non-invasive and continuous monitoring of the sol–gel phase transition of supramolecular gels using a fast (open-ended coaxial) microwave sensor
Authors: Carrillo Adela I. , Bachl Jürgen , Mayr Judith , Plaza-González Pedro J. , Cátala-Civera José M. , Díaz Díaz David
Published: January 2015

A non-invasive open coaxial re-entrant microwave sensor allows for the continuous monitoring of sol–gel phase transitions in physical gels.
Origin of photoactivity in graphitic carbon nitride and strategies for enhancement of photocatalytic efficiency: insights from first-principles computations
Authors: Zhang Haijun , Zuo Xueqin , Tang Huaibao , Li Guang , Zhou Zhen
Published: January 2015

Our computations suggest that CdSe-g-C3N4 and WTe2-g-C3N4 heterostructured nanosheets are efficient for improving photocatalytic activities of g-C3N4.
Towards high refrigeration capability: the controllable structure of hierarchical Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 flakes on a metal electrode
Authors: Cao Lili , Deng Yuan , Gao Hongli , Wang Yao , Chen Xin , Zhu Zhixiang
Published: January 2015

A high refrigeration capability is achieved in hierarchical Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 film composed of tens of cactus like flakes.
Topology of the magnetically induced current density and proton magnetic shielding in hydrogen bonded systems
Authors: Monaco Guglielmo , Porta Paolo Della , Jabłoński Mirosław , Zanasi Riccardo
Published: January 2015

The confinement of the magnetically induced current density within separatrices in linear hydrogen bonded systems.
Green chemistry for nanoparticle synthesis
Authors: Duan Haohong , Wang Dingsheng , Li Yadong
Published: January 2015

This review describes the principles of green chemistry applied to the field of nanoparticle synthesis.
Sonochemical synthesis of HSiW/graphene catalysts for enhanced biomass hydrolysis
Authors: Klein Miri , Varvak Alexander , Segal Elad , Markovsky Boris , Pulidindi Indra Neel , Perkas Nina , Gedanken Aharon
Published: January 2015

A graphene supported silicotungstic acid catalyst was synthesized sonochemically. Glucose yield was dramatically increased by reusable HSiW/G in biomass hydrolysis.
A novel green protocol for ligand free Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in WEB at room temperature
Authors: Boruah Preeti Rekha , Ali Abdul Aziz , Saikia Bishwajit , Sarma Diganta
Published: January 2015

A highly efficient green protocol for palladium acetate-catalysed ligand-free Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in neat ‘water extract of banana (WEB)’ was developed. Suzuki–Miyaura reaction proceeds in WEB at very short reaction times under ‘ligand/external base/external promoters/organic medium’ free conditions.
Hypoxia combined with spheroid culture improves cartilage specific function in chondrocytes
Authors: Shi Yang , Ma Jingyun , Zhang Xu , Li Hongjing , Jiang Lei , Qin Jianhua
Published: January 2015

A straightforward strategy was presented to improve cartilage-specific function in chondrocytes by combining 3D spheroid culture with hypoxia.
Mapping iron gall ink penetration within paper fibres using scanning transmission X-ray microscopy
Authors: Rouchon V. , Bernard S.
Published: January 2015

STXM makes it possible to map the distribution of an iron gall ink on a paper fibre cross-section.
Flap dynamics of plasmepsin proteases: insight into proposed parameters and molecular dynamics
Authors: Karubiu Wilson , Bhakat Soumendranath , McGillewie Lara , Soliman Mahmoud E. S.
Published: January 2015

Herein, for the first time, we report the flap opening and closing in Plasmepsin proteases – plasmepsin II (PlmII) was used as a prototype model.
Antiangiogenic ruthenium(ii) benzimidazole complexes, structure-based activation of distinct signaling pathways
Authors: Lai Haoqiang , Zhao Zhennan , Li Linlin , Zheng Wenjie , Chen Tianfeng
Published: January 2015

A series of ruthenium(ii) benzimidazole complexes has been synthesized and identified as antiangiogenic agents with distinct structure-based action mechanisms.
Synthesis and characterization of new triphenylamino-1,8-naphthalimides for organic light-emitting diode applications
Authors: Arunchai Rungthiwa , Sudyoadsuk Taweesak , Prachumrak Narid , Namuangruk Supawadee , Promarak Vinich , Sukwattanasinitt Mongkol , Rashatasakhon Paitoon
Published: January 2015

Three new triphenylamine derivatives with various numbers of N-phenyl-1,8-naphthalimide pendants were synthesized and fabricated into OLED devices.
Photophysical properties, aggregation-induced fluorescence in nanoaggregates and cell imaging of 2,5-bisaryl 1,3,4-oxadiazoles
Authors: Jin Yongchang , Qian Ying
Published: January 2015

Conjugated fluorescence dyes of 2,5-bisaryl 1,3,4-oxadiazoles with carbazole-triphenylamine moieties encapsulated into different nanoparticles are successfully applied to cell imaging.
Physicochemical characterizations for improving the slurryability of Philippine lignite upgraded through microwave irradiation
Authors: Cheng Jun , Wang Xin , Zhou Fan , Huang Rui , Wang Aiying , Chen Xungang , Liu Jianzhong , Cen Kefa
Published: January 2015

Philippine lignite with high inherent moisture and oxygen was upgraded by improving the slurryability through microwave irradiation.
Enhancement of magnetic heating efficiency in size controlled MFe2O4 (M = Mn, Fe, Co and Ni) nanoassemblies
Authors: Mohapatra Jeotikanta , Nigam Saumya , Gupta J. , Mitra A. , Aslam M. , Bahadur D.
Published: January 2015

The MFe2O4 magnetic nanoparticle nanoassemblies (MNNAs) have been synthesized via thermal decomposition of metal chloride in ethylene glycol (EG) in the presence of ethylenediamine (EDA).
Facile synthesis of biocompatible N, S-doped carbon dots for cell imaging and ion detecting
Authors: Sun Yupeng , Shen Chen , Wang Jing , Lu Yun
Published: January 2015

A facile, simple, effective and green method has been developed to synthesize nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (N, S-CDs) from heparin sodium.
Atmospheric emissions of toxic elements (As, Cd, Hg, and Pb) from brick making plants in China
Authors: Zhou Chuncai , Liu Guijian , Fang Ting , Lam Paul K. S. , Lam James C. W.
Published: January 2015

A multiple-year emission inventory of As, Cd, Hg, and Pb from brick making plants in China has been first established for the period 2008–2013 by employing the available emission factors and annual activity data.
Characterization of a hybrid composite of SnO2 nanocrystal-decorated reduced graphene oxide for ppm-level ethanol gas sensing application
Authors: Zhang Dongzhi , Liu Jingjing , Chang Hongyan , Liu Aiming , Xia Bokai
Published: January 2015

This paper demonstrated a hybrid composite of tin oxide–reduced graphene oxide (rGO) for ppm-level detection of ethanol vapour.
A universal laser marking approach for treating aluminum alloy surfaces with enhanced anticorrosion, hardness and reduced friction
Authors: Tang Ming-Kai , Zhang Qiao-Xin , Guo Zheng , Yu Jin-Gui , Li Xue-Wu , Huang Xing-Jiu
Published: January 2015

Through a simple laser marking approach, microstructures on a large scale AA7075 Al alloy surface have been fabricated. The corrosion resistance, hardness and wear resistance of the surface could be simultaneously improved by this method.
Dual stereocontrolled alkylation of aldehydes with polystyrene-supported nickel complexes derived from α-amino amides
Authors: Escorihuela Jorge , Altava Belén , Burguete M. Isabel , Luis Santiago V.
Published: January 2015

Nickel(ii) complexes derived from α-amino amide ligands anchored to gel-type and monolithic polymers act as efficient catalysts for the enantioselective addition of dialkylzinc reagents to aldehydes.
PC(sp3)P pincer carbonyl complexes of iridium(i), and iridium(iii)
Authors: Jonasson Klara J. , Polukeev Alexey V. , Wendt Ola F.
Published: January 2015

The first aliphatic iridium pincer complex with a syn-orientation of the α- and hydride hydrogens is reported and it is shown to be the thermodynamically more stable isomer.
Composition-tunable synthesis of Pt–Cu octahedral alloy nanocrystals from PtCu to PtCu3via underpotential-deposition-like process and their electro-catalytic properties
Authors: Jia Yanyan , Su Jingyun , Chen Zhibin , Tan Kai , Chen Qiaoli , Cao Zhenming , Jiang Yaqi , Xie Zhaoxiong , Zheng Lansun
Published: January 2015

Octahedral Pt–Cu alloy nanocrystals with tunable composition from PtCu to PtCu3 was successfully synthesized via UPD-like process.
Controlled ionic conductivity via tapered block polymer electrolytes
Authors: Kuan Wei-Fan , Remy Roddel , Mackay Michael E. , Epps, III Thomas H.
Published: January 2015

Tapered block polymer electrolytes have been developed and exhibited enhanced room temperature conductivity relative to poly(styrene-b-ethylene oxide) (P(S-EO)) and non-tapered poly(s-b-oligo-oxyethylene methacrylate) (P(S-OEM)) counterparts.
The impact of Mycobacterium tuberculosis gyrB point mutations on 6-fluoroquinolones resistance profile: in silico mutagenesis and structure-based assessment
Authors: Minovski Nikola , Novic Marjana , Solmajer Tom
Published: January 2015

The latest confirmedM. tuberculosis gyrBpoint mutations assembling thegyrBhot spot region strongly involved in 6-fluoroquinolones resistance for the first time enabled thein silicoconstruction and structure-based assays ongyrBmutant models.
CIT-7, a crystalline, molecular sieve with pores bounded by 8 and 10-membered rings
Authors: Schmidt Joel E. , Xie Dan , Rea Thomas , Davis Mark E.
Published: January 2015

CIT-7, a new microporous material that contains 8 and 10-membered rings prepared as a silicate, an aluminosilicate or titanosilicate.
Light-induced crosslinkable semiconducting polymer dots
Authors: Zhang Yue , Ye Fangmao , Sun Wei , Yu Jiangbo , Wu I-Che , Rong Yu , Zhang Yong , Chiu Daniel T.
Published: January 2015

This paper describes photocrosslinkable Pdots with enhanced colloidal, physical, and chemical stability, and excellent encapsulating ability of functional small molecules.
In situ spectroscopy studies of CO2 adsorption in a dually functionalized microporous metal–organic framework
Authors: Chen Yuan , Wang Hao , Li Jing , Lockard Jenny V.
Published: January 2015

The activation and CO2 gas adsorption processes in the rht-type metal-organic framework, [Cu3(TDPAT) (H2O)3]·10H2O·5DMA (TDPAT = 2,4,6-tris(3,5-dicarboxylphenylamino)-1,3,5-triazine) were investigated on the molecular level using several spectroscopic characterization methods.
Scalable synthesis of CuInS2nanocrystal inks for photovoltaic applications
Authors: Niyamakom P. , Quintilla A. , Köhler K. , Cemernjak M. , Ahlswede E. , Roggan S.
Published: January 2015

Investigation of an scalable synthesis of chalcopyrite CuInS2nanoparticles comprising composition, growth mechanism, surface ligand exchange and solar cell fabrication after selenization.
CoP nanoparticles deposited on reduced graphene oxide sheets as an active electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Ma Lianbo , Shen Xiaoping , Zhou Hu , Zhu Guoxing , Ji Zhenyuan , Chen Kangmin
Published: January 2015

A novel CoP/RGO composite with excellent electrocatalytic activity towards HER was prepared using a facile two-step strategy.
Insight into an unusual lanthanum effect on the oxygen reduction reaction activity of Ruddlesden-Popper-type cation-nonstoichiometric La2−xNiO4+δ (x = 0–0.1) oxides
Authors: Chen Yubo , Qian Baoming , Yang Guangming , Chen Dengjie , Shao Zongping
Published: January 2015

It is proven for the first time that La2NiO4+δ cannot tolerate a high La-deficiency. The catalytic performance of nominal La-deficient La2NiO4+δ is poor due to the presence of the La3Ni2O7 phase.
Stimulation of wound healing by PU/hydrogel composites containing fibroblast growth factor-2
Authors: Lin Yiu-Jiuan , Lee Ga-Hwa , Chou Chih-Wei , Chen Yi-Peng , Wu Te-Hsing , Lin Hong-Ru
Published: January 2015

Histological examination of wound repair in each group on day 2 after initial wounding. The arrows indicate the vascularization formation.
Photonic structure arrays generated using butterfly wing scales as biological units
Authors: Tian Xinchun , Song Guofen , Ding Xiang , Gu Jiajun , Liu Qinglei , Zhang Wang , Su Huilan , Kang Danmiao , Qin Zhen , Zhang Di
Published: January 2015

Photonic structure arrays composed of biological units have been generated via a binding difference between molecular interactions and chemical bonds.
Outside-in stepwise functionalization of mesoporous silica nanocarriers for matrix type sustained release of fluoroquinolone drugs
Authors: Liu Fang , Wang Jingnan , Huang Peilin , Zhang Qun , Deng Juntao , Cao Qingyun , Jia Jinliang , Cheng Jianhua , Fang Yueping , Deng David Y. B. , Zhou Wuyi
Published: January 2015

In this study, we propose outside-in stepwise functionalization of MCM-41-type mesoporous silica for use as a high-efficiency matrix drug delivery nanosystem aimed at the insoluble antibacterial agent fluoroquinolone.
Rescue of cells from apoptosis increases DNA repair in UVB exposed cells: implications for the DNA damage response
Authors: Karbaschi Mahsa , Macip Salvador , Mistry Vilas , Abbas Hussein H. K. , Delinassios George J. , Evans Mark D. , Young Antony R. , Cooke Marcus S.
Published: January 2015

Classically, the nucleotide excision repair (NER) of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) is a lengthy process (t1/2> 48 h).
A review of methods for the calculation of solution free energies and the modelling of systems in solution
Authors: Skyner R. E. , McDonagh J. L. , Groom C. R. , van Mourik T. , Mitchell J. B. O.
Published: January 2015

We discuss a multitude of methods aimed towards solvent modelling and solubility prediction, aiming to inform the reader of the options available, and outlining the various advantages and disadvantages of each approach.
Intramolecular charge-transfer emission from conjugated polymer nanoparticles: the terminal group effect on electronic and optical properties
Authors: Wu Xiaofu , Li Haibo , Xu Yuxiang , Tong Hui , Wang Lixiang
Published: January 2015

Efficient tuning of electronic and optical properties of conjugated polymer nanoparticles by intramolecular charge transfer between the core and the terminal groups is demonstrated for the first time.
Facile synthesis of silver-decorated reduced graphene oxide as a hybrid filler material for electrically conductive polymer composites
Authors: He Linxiang , Tjong Sie Chin
Published: January 2015

Nano silver-decorated reduced graphene oxide (Ag–RGO) sheets were synthesized by simply dissolving graphite oxide and silver nitrate inN,N-dimethylformamide and keeping the suspension at 90 °C for 12 h.
Utilization of the microwave electric or magnetic field in the synthesis of monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles
Authors: Sumi Takuya , Dillert Ralf , Horikoshi Satoshi
Published: January 2015

On preparation of bimetal nanoparticles by using a single-mode microwave resonator, Ag–Ni and Pd–Ag nanocomposites were synthesized under microwave irradiation at 80 centigrade, which was a lower temperature than that for reduction of Ag ion.
Fatigue resistance of a flexible, efficient, and metal oxide-free perovskite solar cell
Authors: Poorkazem Kianoosh , Liu Dianyi , Kelly Timothy L.
Published: January 2015

Highly flexible perovskite solar cells with good efficiencies and low hysteresis are prepared using a highly conductive PEDOT:PSS electrode.
Pink1 protects cortical neurons from thapsigargin-induced oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis
Authors: Li Lin , Hu Guo-ku
Published: January 2015

Apoptosis mediates the precise and programmed natural death of neurons and is a physiologically important process in neurogenesis during maturation of the central nervous system. However, premature apoptosis and/or an aberration in apoptosis regulation are implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. Thus, it is important to identify neuronal pathways/factors controlling apoptosis. Pink1 [phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN)-induced kinase 1] is a ubiquitously expressed gene and has been reported to have a physiological role in mitochondrial maintenance, suppressing mitochondrial oxidative stress, fission and autophagy. However, how Pink1 is involved in neuronal survival against oxidative stress remains not well understood. In the present paper, we demonstrate that thapsigargin, a specific irreversible inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium-ATPase, could lead to dramatic oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis by ectopic calcium entry. Importantly, the neuronal toxicity of thapsigargin inhibits antioxidant gene Pink1 expression. Although Pink1 knockdown enhances the neuronal apoptosis by thapsigargin, its overexpression restores it. Our findings have established the neuronal protective role of Pink1 against oxidative stress and afford rationale for developing new strategy to the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases.
Sample Size for Measuring Grammaticality in Preschool Children From Picture-Elicited Language Samples
Authors: Eisenberg Sarita L. , Guo Ling-Yu
Published: January 2015

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a shorter language sample elicited with fewer pictures (i.e., 7) would yield a percent grammatical utterances (PGU) score similar to that computed from a longer language sample elicited with 15 pictures for 3-year-old children.

Method

Language samples were elicited by asking forty 3-year-old children with varying language skills to talk about pictures in response to prompts. PGU scores were computed for each of two 7-picture sets and for the full set of 15 pictures.

Results

PGU scores for the two 7-picture sets did not differ significantly from, and were highly correlated with, PGU scores for the full set and with each other. Agreement for making pass–fail decisions between each 7-picture set and the full set and between the two 7-picture sets ranged from 80% to 100%.

Conclusion

The current study suggests that the PGU measure is robust enough that it can be computed on the basis of 7, at least in 3-year-old children whose language samples were elicited using similar procedures.
Sample Length Affects the Reliability of Language Sample Measures in 3-Year-Olds: Evidence From Parent-Elicited Conversational Samples
Authors: Guo Ling-Yu , Eisenberg Sarita
Published: January 2015

Purpose

The goal of this study was to investigate the extent to which sample length affected the reliability of total number of words (TNW), number of different words (NDW), and mean length of C-units in morphemes (MLCUm) in parent-elicited conversational samples for 3-year-olds.

Method

Participants were sixty 3-year-olds. A 22-min language sample was collected from each child during free play with the parent in the laboratory. Samples of 1, 3, 7, and 10 min were extracted from the 22-min samples. TNW, NDW, and MLCUm were computed from each shorter sample and the 22-min sample. TNW and NDW were adjusted by number of minutes for comparisons. The differences and correlations between each shorter sample cut and the 22-min sample on MLCUm and adjusted TNW and NDW were computed.

Results

The shorter samples and the 22-min samples significantly differed in adjusted TNW and NDW, but not in MLCUm. TNW reached an acceptable reliability level (i.e.,
r
= .90) in 7-min samples. NDW and MLCUm approached the acceptable reliability level (
r
s = .88) in 7-min samples and reached it in 10-min samples.

Conclusion

For conversational language samples with similar collection procedures, samples of 7 to 10 min are desirable for calculating TNW, NDW, and MLCUm in 3-year-olds.
Low–high SNR transition in multiuser MIMO
Authors: Egan M.
Published: January 2015

Multiuser multiple‐input–multiple‐out (MU‐MIMO) plays a key role in the widely adopted 3GPP LTE standard for wireless cellular networks. Although exact and asymptotic sum‐rate results are well known, the problem of obtaining intuitive analytical results for medium signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs) is still not solved. As a result of the present reported work, the bend point is proposed, which quantifies the transition between low and high SNR, i.e. the beginning of the high SNR region. The bend point is derived for MU‐MIMO with zero‐forcing precoding and is obtained, that it is intimately related to the intercept of the high SNR asymptote with the zero sum‐rate line. Using this result, a new approximation of the sum‐rate at the bend point it is shown providing a useful rule of thumb for the effect of increasing the number of antennas at medium SNR.
Quasi‐resonant LED driver with capacitive isolation
Authors: Abramovitz A. , Reichman I. , Shmilovitz D.
Published: January 2015

A low part count, efficient quasi‐resonant light‐emitting diode driver is proposed. The proposed driver relies on a capacitive safety isolation barrier, which eliminates the need for a bulky isolation transformer; thus, the footprint area can be reduced. Operation frequencies of 100–350 kHz further contribute to miniaturisation of the proposed driver. The feasibility of the proposed topology is verified by simulation and experimental results.
Generalised trade‐off model for energy‐efficient WSN synchronisation
Authors: Briff P. , Lutenberg A. , Rey Vega L. , Vargas F. , Patwary M.
Published: January 2015

A mathematical framework to obtain a generalised energy‐efficient trade‐off model for generic wireless sensor networks (WSNs) while attaining sensing node synchronisation at a given network‐wide estimation error threshold is presented. The model outputs both a theoretical optimal solution as well as a set of sub‐optimal solutions to cater for real‐world WSN designs. The robustness of the proposed framework is examined with an example in which randomly deployed sensors are affected by path‐loss and uncorrelated Rayleigh fading effects.
Multi‐layer on‐chip inductor for 10–100 GHz frequency applications
Authors: Deevi B.V.N.S.M. Nagesh , Rao N. Bheema
Published: January 2015

A multi‐layer inductor is proposed to achieve high inductance with moderate Q‐factor values. The development of integration of devices technology in radio‐frequency (RF) has increased the importance of on‐chip inductors. In the literature, the planar inductor, the three‐dimensional (3D) inductor with constant width and the 3D inductor with variable width are reported. Using the basic concept of multi‐layer technology in very large‐scale integration (VLSI) system design and considering lambda rules, the proposed inductor is designed. The inductance of the proposed inductor is nearly 37–45% higher compared with reported inductors with a moderate quality factor. This inductor is realised using 180 nm scale technology with an area of cross‐section 10 × 10 µm2. Results are presented using the IE3D EM field solver with the help of series RL and shunt RC lumped Pi model.