bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experimental Study of Solar Chimney Power Plant
Authors: Badis Bakri  , Hani Benguesmia  , Haythem Nasraoui  , Zied Driss
Published: January 2023

Solar chimney power plants are passive thermal systems that use the greenhouse effect to produce electricity from solar radiation (SR). The performance of these devices varies from one climate to another. Indeed, the building site of the SCPP is a particular parameter for its total effectiveness. The aim of this work was to present an experimental investigation of a solar chimney prototype under the climatic conditions of Sfax, Tunisia. In fact, Sfax is characterized by its arid and sunny climate. The impact of the climatic conditions of Sfax city on the aero-thermal characteristics of the considered prototype is carried out. Particularly, the variations of the fluid temperature and velocity are carried out under different times. The present outcomes show that the solar chimney power plant is an applicable device in the Tunisian region of Sfax.
Preliminary Study on Student’s Performance and Thermal Comfort in Classroom
Authors: Chong Zi Yao  , Mohamad Nor Azhari Nor Azli  , Azian Hariri  , Amir Abdullah Muhamad Damanhuri  , Mohd Syafiq Syazwan Mustafa
Published: January 2023

In Malaysia, students spend up to 33% of their day in classrooms and school buildings. Previous research had shown that thermal comfort conditions in educational buildings can stimulate student productivity. This study aimed to preliminary investigate the relationship between thermal sensation and student performance in the classroom. Data collection was conducted in a selected classroom at a secondary school in Segamat, Johor. All data were collected for three days. Physical measurement data were taken using thermal comfort equipment, KIMO AMI 310 for indoor measurement (air temperature, mean radiant temperature, air velocity, relative humidity), and TSI VelociCalc for outdoor measurement (air temperature, relative humidity). The thermal comfort satisfaction questionnaire was distributed to 36 students in the classroom. The learning performance was assessed through a simple reaction test and digit span test based on the WHO Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery (NCTB) method. The results of the thermal comfort satisfaction questionnaire clearly showed that the lower the fan speed, the more students preferred the cooler option. Furthermore, students performed better when the fan speed was increased. Based on the correlation analysis, it can be concluded that the learning performance and thermal preference vote (TPV) are positively correlated. As a result, students tend to get higher scores when they feel cooler. This study provides important preliminary information on classroom conditions in secondary schools in Malaysia and provides a better understanding of the relationship between thermal perception and student learning performance in the classroom.
A Review on Non-Invasive Magnetic and Electric Field Excited Methods for Flow Characterisation of Incompressible Newtonian Low Conductive Liquids
Authors: Anusha Vadde  , Govind Rangaswamy Kadambi  , Siddabasappa Channabasappa
Published: January 2023

Monitoring the flow rate of low conductive fluid is critical in sectors such as waste, culinary, chemical, pharmaceutical, oil and gas, and power. The flow meter can be used to measure several parameters like flow rate range, fluid electrical conductivity, cost and the scenario of desired monitoring. The existing invasive flow sensors for monitoring the velocity of conductive fluid are often associated with undesirable attributes of being obstructive, prone to interference effects, corrosion, significant pressure reduction, and energy loss in pipe systems causing severe and long-term damage to pipes during installation. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of various non-invasive methods for characterizing low conductive fluid flow based on the sources of strong magnetic and electric fields. This review discusses fundamental insights for understanding the physical phenomenon in the generation of eddy currents, Lorentz force, and the formation of the electric double layer with pertinent illustrations and discussions. The review presented in this paper concludes that each non-invasive measurement technique has limitations based on the excitation source of either magnetic or electric fields. Different values of low conductivity of fluid flow and flow velocity have been considered in various studies to get an in-depth understanding of the capability of selected techniques so that their scope and versatility can be researched further. This paper also highlights that emerging technologies like cryostats with superconducting magnet systems, which unquestionably exceed the mass limitation, have become viable in applications such as Lorentz force velocimetry.
DESEMPENHO DE CULTIVARES DE SOJA NO CERRADO DO AMAPÁ QUANTO A ESTABILIDADE E ADAPTABILIDADE
Authors: Yokomizo Gilberto Ken Iti , Arias Carlos Alberto Arrabal , Silva Neto Sebastião Pedro da , Santos Igor Correa dos
Published: January 2023

O cerrado amapaense, na região norte do Brasil, é uma nova fronteira agrícola para a soja, precisando-se conhecer o comportamento de estabilidade e adaptabilidade nestas novas condições, pois é sabido que fatores extragenéticos em conjunto com os genótipos geram respostas diferenciadas de fenologia na planta, resultando em distintas produtividades o que pode causar diferenças em comparação ao plantio de regiões do Centro Oeste e Sul do país. Os experimentos foram instalados com sete cultivares comerciais em delineamento em blocos aos acaso, cujas parcelas continham quatro repetições e linhas de cinco metros, constaram da avaliação a produtividade grãos (PG, em kg.ha-1). Diferentes estatísticas para o estudo de estabilidade e adaptabilidade foram utilizadas, para verificar a consistência e coincidências de resultados, no caso as metodologias de Annicchiarico, Plaisted e Peterson e, Wricke. Os resultados permitem as conclusões da existência de interação das cultivares perante os fatores ambientais impostos; a presença de adaptabilidade específica está presente nas cultivares em função das diferenças ambientais dos experimentos, as cultivares que apresentam maior estabilidade também foram as mais produtivas, sendo superiores as cultivares BRS Sambaíba e BRS 278 e; na metodologia de Plaisted e Peterson e na Ecovalência (Wricke) a maioria das linhagens apresentou baixa estabilidade, ambas geraram resultados muitos semelhantes, e que concordaram parcialmente ao obtido por Annichiarico.
PÃO DOCE ENRIQUECIDO COM FARINHA DE CENOURA: Características microbiológicas e físico-químicas
Authors: SANTOS MARCIO RAMATIZ LIMA , Barbosa Matheus Samuel
Published: January 2023

Subprodutos vegetais tem ganhado destaque no mercado consumidor, por serem ótimas alternativas de alimentos ricos nutricionalmente. A cenoura é um alimento altamente rico em caratenoides e 30% de sua produção são de resíduos oriundos de seu processamento e, por isso, é um dos subprodutos vegetais mais amplamente utilizados na produção de farinha de cenoura. Esta farinha pode ser empregada na produção de pães, alimento presente na maioria das casas da família brasileira. Desse modo, objetivou-se com este trabalho desenvolver o pão doce enriquecido com diferentes níveis de inclusão de farinha de cenoura, bem como analisar suas características microbiológicas e físico-químicas. O pão enriquecido com diferentes níveis de inclusão (0%, 7,5%, 10% e 15%) de farinha de cenoura foi desenvolvido de forma artesanal. Os pães foram submetidos a análises físico-químicas de pH%2
Al-Mawād at-Ta‘līmīyyah ‘alā Asās al-Kifāyah al-Ittiṣāliyyah fī al-Kitāb al-Madrasī “Al-‘Arabiyyah al-Mu‘āṣirah” li Eckehard Schulz
Authors: Musyrifa Furaida Ayu , Wargadinata Wildana , Ifawati Nur Ila , Luthfi Khabibi Muhammad
Published: January 2023

Abstract
 
One of the textbooks used in different countries written by non-Arabs is "Modern Standard Arabic" by Schulz. By the author, he allegedly used a communicative input. However, in terms of strategic competence and the perspective of the foundations of the preparation of educational materials, it was not enough. Based on this issue, the objectives of this research are to know the foundations of the teaching materials in the textbook "Modern Standard Arabic" by Schulz, and its educational materials from the perspective of communicative competence. This research used the synthetic-inferential approach with the theory of foundations for preparing educational materials and the theory of communication. The type of this research is qualitative-quantitative through a desk study, which is written data and taken from the textbook "Modern Standard Arabic" by Schulz, whether it was printed or electronic version. The data collection used the documentation method, and the data analysis used the James Spradley method and discourse analysis. The results obtained by the research are the foundations for the preparation of the textbook, "Modern Standard Arabic" by Schulz, which is the structural-communicative approach; purposes; Material consisting of its selection, organization, arrangement and presentation; ways; and evaluation, and the educational material in that book is a perspective of communicative competence is very good which is up to 85.45%.
Keywords: Educational Materials, Modern Standard Arabic, communicative competence
EKSISTENSI HILANG AKAL DALAM PANDANGAN ISLAM
Authors: Agil Abdurrahman Ahmad
Published: January 2023

Abstrak

Tulisan ini membahas tentang eksistensi gila atau hilang dalam pandangan Islam. Kegilaan merupakan penyakit mental yang mempengaruhi otak, sehingga pemiliknya absen dari kenyataan dan hidup dalam fantasi dan ilusi. Orang gila kehilangan kendali atas pikirannya, sehingga menyebabkan otaknya dipenuhi untuk memunculkan hal-hal aneh dan jelek, dan kegilaan mempengaruhi kemampuan pikiran seperti ingatan, persepsi dan imajinasi, bahkan membawannya semakin menjauh dari kenyataan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kegilaan dianggap sebagai penyakit jiwa yang serius, karena penderita tidak menyadari apa yang dilakukannya, yang berarti bahwa hal itu tidak terbatas pada tindakan yang melanggar adat dan tradisi sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif jenis library reseach. Penelitian ini memiliki keinginan untuk menggambarkan dengan jelas tentang kajian yang akan diteliti.

Kata Kunci : hilang akal, pandangan Islam
Hukum Islam Mengatasi Problematika Pewarisan Harta
Authors: Aswat Hazarul
Published: January 2023

Harta waris adalah salah satu kewajian dan hak untuk mereka yang masih diberikan oleh Allah SWT umur yang panjang di dunia. Baik untuk mewarisinya ataupun membagikannya sesuai dengan haknya yang telah ditentukan oleh Agama Islam yang telah diatur dalam Syari’at-Nya. Oleh karena itu, maka berdosa besarlah bagi salah seorang hamba Allah SWT yang tidak melaksanakan pembagian harta tersebut dengan Syari’at Islam yang telah diatur di dalamnya. Harta yang telah ditinggalkan oleh seorang yang telah meninggal dunia kepada orang yang berhak menerimanya, karena di dalam harta yang ditinggalkan tersebut terdapat kemaslahatan-kemaslahatan untuk tetap menjalankan kehidupan bagi ahli warisnya. Kebanyakan orang menjadi kufur dengan kemiskinannya. Oleh karena itu orang yang mendapatkan harta warisan tersebut. Insya Allah, orang tersebut akan bersyukur kepada Allah SWT dalam menjalani kehidupan menuju akhirat kelak.
PELAKSANAAN KAWIN SIRRI DAN AKIBAT HUKUMNYA DIKAITKAN DENGAN KETENTUAN PASAL 2 UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 1974
Authors: Imaduddin Imaduddin
Published: January 2023

Nikah sirri dilatarbelakangi oleh model keluarga masing-masing pasangan. Pernikahan sirri ataupun bukan, tidak menjadi jaminan untuk mempertahankan komitmen. Orang lebih bijak, terutama bila hukum negara tidak memfasilitasinya. Nikah sirri terjadi bukan hanya karena motivasi dari pelaku/pasangan atau latar belakang keluarganya, lingkungan sosial atau nilai sosial juga turut membentuknya. Ketika biaya pencatatan nikah terlalu mahal, ada kalangan masyarakat tak mampu tidak mempedulikan aspek legalitas. Bagi yang terlanjur melakukan kawin sirri dan ingin memperoleh bukti otentik, maka cara terbaik yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan mengajukan permohonan itsbat nikah (penetapan sahnya nikah) secepatnya pada Pengadilan Agama setempat.
Decid : uma matriz de indicadores para avaliar a utilidade social dos empreendimentos de finanças solidárias
Authors: Silva Junior Jeová Torres , Rigo Ariádne Scalfoni
Published: January 2023

Apresentam e propõem a matriz Decid, uma nova metodologia de indicadores quantitativos e qualitativos que pode ser usada para acompanhamento e avaliação da utilidade social de empreendimentos de finanças solidárias. O texto aborda o percurso metodológico da concepção da matriz, explica detalhadamente quais são suas dimensões e seus indicadores, bem como inclui uma comparação entre a matriz Decid e outros métodos de avaliação de empreendimentos de finanças solidárias.
Políticas públicas de emprego e renda no campo : uma análise da evolução recente do Pronaf no Rio Grande do Norte
Authors: Aquino Joacir Rufino de , Lacerda Marta Aurélia Dantas de , Assis Gabrielly Matias de Lima , Araújo Ionara Jane de
Published: January 2023

Investigaram o desempenho do Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (Pronaf) no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. O texto aborda a evolução do programa entre 2013 e 2020, averiguando o tamanho do público de agricultores familiares potencialmente enquadráveis no Pronaf, o grau de cobertura e a distribuição socioespacial das operações do programa no campo norte-rio-grandense. A análise do estudo se baseou no levantamento de estatísticas oficiais sobre a situação da agricultura familiar potiguar no último Censo Agropecuário do IBGE e na compilação de dados dos financiamentos do Pronaf por meio da Matriz de Dados do Crédito Rural do Banco Central do Brasil (BCB).
Historical analysis of coffee production and associated challenges in Kenya from 1893 to 2018
Authors: Wanala Richard Wmalwa , Marwa Nyankomo W. , Nanziri Elizabeth L.
Published: January 2023

Coffee is one of the most important export crops in Kenya, contributing about 22 per cent of the national income and is a source of livelihood for more than 700 000 households. However, despite its immense importance to the Kenyan economy, coffee exports have continued to shrink. This paper explores the introduction and upscaling production of coffee in Kenya from 1893 to 2018 and associated challenges. It assesses the role of white settlers and Kenyans in coffee production during the colonial period (1893-1962) and the post-independence period (1963-2018). This research showcases how a mismatch in policy direction at a local level and insufficient support to coffee farmers in Kenya have led to a downward trajectory of coffee production. The data was collected from secondary sources and was analysed chronologically to historicise coffee production and its associated challenges. The study concludes that the dismal performance of coffee production is partly attributable to coffee prices, marketing channels, coffee financing, coffee regulations, cost of production, management of cooperatives and processing of exported coffee. Thus, it is recommended that the Kenyan government harmonise existing policies regulating the coffee industry in terms of licensing, marketing, and making credit available to farmers.
Efecto del manejo de frutos verdes de café, previo al proceso de beneficio, en su calidad física
Authors: Quintero-Yepes Laura , Rodríguez-Valencia Nelson
Published: January 2023

La masa de frutos verdes recolectados con la estrategia de la cosecha asistida puede ser cercana al 6%, siendo necesario implementar prácticas de manejo que permitan valorizar dichos frutos, con el fin de contribuir a la rentabilidad del negocio cafetero. Con este objetivo, se llevó a cabo el estudio de diferentes condiciones de manejo de los frutos verdes, recién cosechados, con el propósito de mejorar la calidad física en el grano e incrementar su precio de venta. Para esto se realizó una investigación en un diseño completamente aleatorio con ocho tratamientos, que combinaron diferentes condiciones de manejo del fruto y épocas de recolección. Las variables evaluadas involucraron: el factor de conversión de fruto a café pergamino seco, el porcentaje de café no despulpado, el precio de venta respecto a un café estándar y la relación entre el precio del kilogramo de frutos verdes respecto al precio del kilogramo de frutos maduros (estimados a partir del precio de venta del grano obtenido y del factor de conversión). La prueba de Dunnet al 5% mostró diferencias significativas de todos los tratamientos respecto al testigo. Complementariamente, la prueba de comparación de REGWQ indicó que los tratamientos que consistieron en el manejo de frutos verdes, provenientes de la cosecha principal, con la adición de madurante y con o sin la adición de melaza después del despulpado, son iguales estadísticamente en la variable porcentaje de venta respecto al café estándar. Se concluyó que es posible aplicar un método de manejo de los frutos verdes, previo al proceso de beneficio del café, mejorando su calidad física y obteniendo un precio de venta superior al de los frutos verdes sin manejo.
The Effect of GCG on Company Value With Financial Performance As An Intervening Variable
Authors: TRISNANINGSIH Sri , RAHMASARI Bella Putri
Published: January 2023

This research has the main objective to determine the effect of good corporate governance (GCG) proxied by managerial ownership and institutional ownership on firm value proxied by PBV and through financial performance as an intervening variable proxied by ROA. Quantitative research is used in this research which has a population of 169 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2017-2019 period. The sample of this research was taken using purposive sampling, obtained 60 samples. The technical analysis used in this study is path analysis through IBM SPSS Statistics 25 software. This research shows that good corporate governance (GCG) is proxied through managerial ownership and institutional ownership has no effect on firm value (PBV), good corporate governance (GCG) is proxied through managerial ownership, and institutional ownership does not affect financial performance (ROA). Financial performance influences firm value (PBV), good corporate governance (GCG) is proxied through managerial ownership and institutional ownership influences firm value (PBV) through financial performance (ROA) as an intervening variable.
Reassessment of the Volumes of Sediment Sources and Sinks on Venus
Authors: Ganey Terra M. , Gilmore Martha S. , Brossier Jeremy
Published: January 2023

The dominant source of sediment on Venus is thought to be impact cratering, wherein crater ejecta is redistributed across the planet by winds. Here we provide a refined global sediment budget for Venus by mapping and quantifying the volume of sediment from impact craters observable in Magellan data using updated methodology. We improve on previous estimates of the volume of impact-generated sediment by mapping the impact deposits for all craters ≥11 km on Venus. We estimate the planet’s total budget of impact sediment to be a minimum of 290,000 km3, which corresponds to a global layer of sediment 63 cm thick. If erosional processes have been active over the average surface age (500 Ma–1 Ga), the transportable fraction of this volume implies a sediment mobilization rate between 0.18 and 0.36 nm yr−1, comparable to the late Hesperian–Amazonian era of Mars. We requantify the volume of sediment held in recognized eolian features by (1) applying morphometric studies of planetary analogs to assess the volumes of observed Venusian dune and yardang fields and (2) estimating the volume of proposed microdune fields. We also identify a new yardang field near Mead crater. Globally, we find that >100,000 km3 of available sediment is not accounted for by eolian deposits, concurring that lithification, resurfacing, and fields of as yet unidentified eolian features are other potential sinks for sediment. However, locally, individual eolian fields contain more sediment than can be derived from nearby craters, indicating that these fields contain additional sediment from other sources.
Species richness under a vertebral stripe: integrative taxonomy uncovers three additional species of Pholidobolus lizards (Sauria, Squamata, Gymnophthalmidae) from the north-western Colombian Andes
Authors: Amézquita Adolfo , Mazariegos-H Luis A. , Cañaveral Santiago , Orejuela Catalina , Barragán-Contreras Leidy Alejandra , Daza Juan M.
Published: January 2023

The systematic study of biodiversity underlies appropriate inference in most other fields of biological research, yet it remains hampered by disagreements on both theoretical and empirical issues such as the species concept and the operational diagnosis of a species. Both become particularly challenging in those lineages where morphological traits are evolutionarily constrained by their adaptive value. For instance, cryptic organisms often conserve or converge in their external appearance, which hinders the recognition of species boundaries. An integrative approach has been adopted to study microgeographic variation in the leaf-litter lizard Pholidobolus vertebralis and test three predictions derived from the evolutionary species concept. Molecular data provided unambiguous evidence of divergence among the three recovered new clades and a common evolutionary history for each of them. The broadly sympatric clades were indeed diagnosable from externally visible traits, such as head scales, adult size, and sexually dimorphic ventral colouration. Also, they barely overlapped on the phenotypic space that summarised 39 morphometric and meristic traits. These clades are described as three species and an available name is suggested for a recovered fourth clade. The geographic distribution of the new and proximate species suggests a role for elevation on evolutionary divergence; it also raises interesting questions on the speciation pattern of an otherwise underestimated cryptic lineage.
Faire ses démarches administratives en contexte numérique
Authors: Borelle Céline , Pharabod Anne-Sylvie , Solchany Sarah
Published: January 2023

À partir d’une enquête par entretiens, cet article interroge les pratiques administratives ordinaires en contexte numérique. Il traite à la fois de la mise en œuvre de démarches dématérialisées du point de vue des administrés et des usages d’outils numériques en appui à la réalisation de tâches administratives. Une approche séquentielle permet d’appréhender le travail administratif ordinaire de manière dynamique et relationnelle, à travers des processus de dématérialisation/re-matérialisation, et des transferts de responsabilité entre usagers et institutions. Cette approche permet également d’identifier plusieurs opérations de reconfiguration qui participent de l’invisibilisation du travail administratif ordinaire et d’en éclairer les implications en termes d’accès aux droits.
Testing unified growth theory: Technological progress and the child quantity‐quality tradeoff
Authors: Madsen Jakob , Strulik Holger
Published: January 2023

A core mechanism of unified growth theory is that accelerating technological progress induces mass education and, through interaction with child quantity‐quality substitution, a decline in fertility. Using unique new data for 21 OECD countries over the period 1750–2000, we test, for the first time, the validity of this core mechanism of unified growth theory. We measure a country's technological progress as patents per capita, R&D intensity, and investment in machinery, equipment, and intellectual property products. While controlling for confounders, such as income growth, mortality, and the gender wage gap, we establish (1) a significant impact of technological progress on education (positive) and fertility (negative); (2) that accelerating technological progress stimulated the fertility transition; and (3) that the baseline results are supported in 2SLS regressions using genetic‐distance weighted foreign patent‐intensity, compulsory schooling years, and minimum working age as instruments.
Introducción: El Occidente islámico medieval a la luz de la historiografía árabe oriental
Authors: Penelas Mayte , Padillo-Saoud Abdenour
Published: January 2023

No disponible
Conocimiento e infoxicación en la pandemia de la COVID-19
Authors: Almendros Lola S. , Echeverría Javier
Published: January 2023

La aparición y difusión pandémica del virus SARS-CoV-2 ha evidenciado que el sistema tecnocientífico de investigación, desarrollo, innovación y difusión presenta problemas de previsibilidad, de gestión de riesgos y un alto nivel de incertidumbre. Este trabajo analiza el proceso de producción, gestión y difusión del conocimiento centrándose en los modos y medios tecnocientíficos y sociales de información y comunicación científica sobre la COVID-19. Para ello, en primer lugar, se ha realizado un análisis de los déficits del modelo tecnocientífico de producción y gestión del conocimiento durante la crisis de la COVID-19. En segundo lugar, se ha estudiado el tratamiento y difusión de información en los nuevos modos de información y comunicación social donde se ha generado una circunstancia de infoxicación. En tercer lugar, para evaluar si está teniendo lugar una efectiva comunicación y discusión entre las comunidades científicas, se ha realizado un estudio bibliométrico a partir de los datos de la Web of Science sobre la publicación de resultados de investigación desde 2020 en relación con el virus, su enfermedad y tratamiento.
Cultura científica comunitaria para una pandemia. La COVID persistente
Authors: De Cózar Escalante José Manuel , Gómez-Ferri Javier
Published: January 2023

A pesar de algunos antecedentes dispersos y excepciones, existe una manifiesta laguna en la literatura sobre el concepto de cultura científica comunitaria. Con esa expresión nos referimos a situaciones en las cuales unos ciudadanos perciben un problema, se agrupan, organizan, comunican y ponen en común sus recursos para buscar, evaluar y producir conocimiento científico con el fin de encarar dicho problema. En este trabajo realizamos una propuesta de caracterización de la cultura científica comunitaria. Posteriormente, procedemos a aplicarla y contrastarla respecto del caso de los colectivos de afectados por la COVID persistente. La metodología empleada se ha basado en el análisis documental.
Percepción social y medios de comunicación en el comienzo de la vacunación contra la COVID-19 en España: una reflexión CTS
Authors: López Cerezo José A.
Published: January 2023

En esta contribución ensayaremos una reflexión, desde las coordenadas de los estudios sobre ciencia, tecnología y sociedad (CTS), sobre el impacto de la pandemia del coronavirus en España. Estudiaremos la evolución de la percepción social en España sobre la vacunación contra la COVID-19 a la luz de los avances científicos e industriales en el desarrollo de las vacunas, las decisiones y debates políticos que acompañaron a la gestión de la crisis sanitaria y la cobertura mediática del proceso por parte de los medios de comunicación. Para ello utilizaremos fundamentalmente los datos proporcionados por el Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (CIS) complementados, puntualmente, con datos ofrecidos por otras encuestas nacionales e internacionales, así como una amplia selección de noticias aparecidas en medios de comunicación que contribuyeron a configurar el imaginario público sobre la pandemia durante los meses previos y posteriores al inicio de la vacunación en España, que comenzó en nuestro país a finales de diciembre de 2020. Aunque este estudio exploratorio se basa en datos de encuestas y de medios, no pretende ofrecer un análisis descriptivo detallado, sino que su alcance se limita a una reflexión que pueda contribuir a comprender mejor el significado de la pandemia para las cambiantes relaciones C-T-S.
Actitudes y conductas públicas ante la COVID-19 en Estados Unidos: estudio de un caso en orden a la comprensión de un sistema político polarizado
Authors: Miller Jon D. , Woods Logan T. , Kalmbach Jason
Published: January 2023

¿Cómo reacciona la ciudadanía en un sistema político polarizado ante una emergencia como la pandemia de la COVID-19?, ¿cómo procesa la ciudadanía las narrativas polarizadas que están en conflicto?, y ¿qué imagen se forman de la gestión política de la amenaza de la pandemia? En EE. UU, hay que retrotraerse a la epidemia de la polio de hace 70 años para encontrar una emergencia sanitaria como la pandemia de la COVID-19. No obstante, hay importantes diferencias; en la década de 1950, el clima político de los EE.UU. era mucho más uniforme y consensuado que el actual, profundamente dividido y polarizado. Este trabajo utiliza datos de un estudio longitudinal realizado durante 35 años en personas jóvenes de la Generación X (ahora ya en la cuarentena) y datos provenientes de encuestas realizadas en Estados Unidos durante tres décadas, con el propósito de examinar los patrones de adquisición de la información en la comprensión de una nueva amenaza. Nuestro análisis de los últimos 35 años de la Generación X muestra que, en las elecciones de 2020, el factor predictivo del voto individual que tuvo más fuerza fue una ideología política polarizada, pero, aquellas personas que contaban con una mejor comprensión del coronavirus fueron más críticas con la gestión de la pandemia de la COVID-19 que realizó la administración de Donald Trump y estuvieron más predispuestas a votar por Joe Biden que a votar por Trump. Un análisis paralelo de una muestra probabilística representativa de personas adultas estadounidenses en 2020 reveló el mismo patrón de influencia del partidismo ideológico, la comprensión del coronavirus y la evaluación de la administración de Trump. Los resultados muestran que el conocimiento y la comprensión pueden proporcionar un efecto moderador crítico en un sistema político polarizado y dividido.
Guerra de las ciencias y la pugna por la razón: a veinticinco años del escándalo Sokal
Authors: Escobar-Jiménez Christian
Published: January 2023

A veinticinco años de la publicación en Social Text del artículo que da inicio al escándalo Sokal, este trabajo hace una evaluación del caso desde cuatro perspectivas. En la primera parte se analizan los argumentos a favor y en contra del escándalo y de lo que sostiene Sokal con respecto a cierto tipo de estudios en Humanidades. La segunda hace un recuento de casos similares que anteceden y suceden al escándalo. La tercera evalúa la recepción del caso en Francia a partir de una tradición que ha sido esquiva a la Filosofía analítica en ese país, tanto intelectual como institucionalmente. En la cuarta parte se debate la perspectiva política del fraude.
Social Movements and Development
Authors: Pais Richard
Published: January 2023

Social movements are of critical importance in bringing about social change nay development. Social movements are large groupings of individuals or organizations that focus on specific political or social issues. Deprived groups consisting of peasants, tribals, Dalits, backward classes, youth, and women have been organizing themselves to fight against inequalities, discrimination, and deprivation. The United States has a long tradition of social movements that have sparked major changes in bringing about social change and development. The movements have been of various types as labor, civil rights, Black nationalism, anti-globalization, environmental, etc. The French Revolution in the 18th century can be termed as a radical movement which brought about social change and development not only in France but also in Europe and in other nations. In the 19th century Europe, labor movements were based on Marxism, that is, based on the class struggle. Unification of Germany in 1990 and the collapse of Soviet Union are the two important events in Europe which brought about development in Europe. India too has witnessed several movements as Backward Classes, Nationalist, Dalits, Caste, Youth, Tribal, Farmers’, Environmental, and Women’s movements. The social movements as collectivities attempting to change the social order cannot be analyzed simply in terms of success or failure. Some have succeeded to reach the desired goals and others have failed. Failure may come as a result of ruthless suppression of the movement or through widespread apathy. A movement may wither away because very few take it seriously, and it does not develop enough power to force its program on society. Success is most apparent when a movement manages to have its power legitimized as authority.
Knowledge and Risk Behaviors Regarding Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission among Portuguese Healthcare Students
Authors: Carvalho Bárbara Joana Alvarenga , Cruz-Ferreira António Miguel da
Published: January 2023

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the agent responsible for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, remains a worldwide public health problem. Therefore, this study aimed to assess Portuguese healthcare students’ knowledge of HIV, identify risk behaviors for HIV transmission, and assess the frequency of HIV testing and its dissemination by general practitioners.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using an anonymous questionnaire published online. The questionnaire was administered to Portuguese healthcare students who voluntarily agreed to participate in the study after clarifying its objectives and procedures.Results: Most students were aware of the three main HIV transmission routes; however, 66.3% were unaware of the level A recommendation for HIV screening in adolescents and adults. In addition, 59.6% of the students were never informed by their general practitioner about HIV screening tests or risk behaviors for HIV transmission. Of the sample, 78.9% had never been tested for HIV infection. Of the 74.6% of sexually active students, 82.0% had or had already had unprotected sex (without a condom). Men showed riskier sexual behaviors than women. None of the inquiries reported intravenous drug use, and most students (69.9%) never shared personal objects.Conclusion: General practitioners and awareness campaigns need to alert and disseminate HIV screening tests. Sexual health and risk behaviors should be addressed more frequently in schools to educate this population because prevention is the best strategy against HIV transmission/contraction.
Written Asthma Action Plan Improves Asthma Control and the Quality of Life among Pediatric Asthma Patients in Malaysia: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Muhammad Juliawati , Ngah Najwa Diyana , Ahmad Imran
Published: January 2023

Background: A written asthma action plan (WAAP) is one of the treatment strategies to achieve good asthma control in children.Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted to observe the effect of WAAP on asthma control and quality of life using the Asthma Control Questionnaire and Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) at baseline and after 3 months. A repeated measure analysis of variance was used to analyze the mean score difference between the two groups.Results: There was no significant difference in mean score for asthma control at baseline between groups (F[degree of freedom (df)]=1.17 [1, 119], P=0.282). However, at 3 months, a significant difference in mean scores between groups was observed (F[df]=7.32 [1, 119], P=0.008). The mean±standard deviation (SD) scores in the intervention and control groups were 0.96±0.53 and 1.21±0.49, respectively. For the analysis of the PAQLQ, no significant difference was observed in the mean score for the quality of life baseline in both groups. There were significant mean score changes for the quality of life (F[df]=10.9 [1, 119], P=0.001) at 3 months follow-up, where those in the intervention group scored a mean±SD score of 6.19±0.45, and those in the control group scored 5.94±0.38. A time-group interaction analysis using repeated-measures analysis of variance showed significant differences in mean score changes (F[df]=5.03 [1, 116], P=0.027) and (F[df]=11.55 [1, 116], P=0.001) where a lower mean score was observed in the intervention group, indicating better asthma control and quality of life, respectively. A significant (P<0.001) negative Pearson correlation between asthma control and quality of life (-0.65) indicated a moderate correlation.Conclusion: WAAP, along with standard asthma treatment, improves asthma care.
Eflapegrastim versus Pegfilgrastim for Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia in Korean and Asian Patients with Early Breast Cancer: Results from the Two Phase III ADVANCE and RECOVER Studies
Authors: Moon Yong Wha , Kim Seung Ki , Lee Keun Seok , Lee Moon Hee , Park Yeon Hee , Park Kyong Hwa , Kim Gun Min , Lim Seungtaek , Lee Seung Ah , Choi Jae Duk , Baek Eunhye , Han Hyesun , Baek Seungjae , Im Seock-Ah
Published: January 2023

Purpose We investigated the consistent efficacy and safety of eflapegrastim, a novel long-acting granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), in Koreans and Asians compared with the pooled population of two global phase 3 trials.Materials and Methods Two phase 3 trials (ADVANCE and RECOVER) evaluated the efficacy and safety of fixed-dose eflapegrastim (13.2 mg/0.6 mL [3.6 mg G-CSF equivalent]) compared to pegfilgrastim (6 mg based on G-CSF) in breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant or adjuvant docetaxel/cyclophosphamide. The primary objective was to demonstrate non-inferiority of eflapegrastim compared to pegfilgrastim in mean duration of severe neutropenia (DSN) in cycle 1, in Korean and Asian subpopulations.Results Among a total of 643 patients randomized to eflapegrastim (n=314) or pegfilgrastim (n=329), 54 Asians (29 to eflapegrastim and 25 to pegfilgrastim) including 28 Koreans (14 to both eflapegrastim and pegfilgrastim) were enrolled. The primary endpoint, DSN in cycle 1 in the eflapegrastim arm was non-inferior to the pegfilgrastim arm in Koreans and Asians. The DSN difference between the eflapegrastim and pegfilgrastim arms was consistent across populations: –0.120 days (95% confidence interval [CI], –0.227 to –0.016), –0.288 (95% CI, –0.714 to 0.143), and –0.267 (95% CI, –0.697 to 0.110) for pooled population, Koreans and Asians, respectively. There were few treatment-related adverse events that caused discontinuation of eflapegrastim (1.9%) or pegfilgrastim (1.5%) in total and no notable trends or differences across patient populations.Conclusion This study may suggest that eflapegrastim showed non-inferior efficacy and similar safety compared to pegfilgrastim in Koreans and Asians, consistently with those of pooled population.
Factors associated with health care seeking behaviour: A cross-sectional study at an emergency department in a teaching hospital
Authors: Quao Nana Serwaa Agyeman , Kretchy Irene
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUNDEmergent conditions are time-sensitive and delays in receiving emergency care can cause mortality and morbidity. Different healthcare-seeking behaviours (HSB) are influenced by several factors which impact choices in seeking healthcare. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with HSB among patients admitted to the Emergency Department of Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH).METHODOLOGYThis was a cross-sectional study among patients admitted at the Accident and Emergency Centre of KBTH from May to June 2020 using the quantitative approach in data collection. Simple random sampling was used to select 400 participants who met the inclusion criteria after which the questionnaires were administered. Participants were assessed on their HSB based on Andersen's Behavioural Model of Health. Pearson's chi-square test was used to assess the association between categorical independent variables and the HSB of patients while Welch’s t-test was used to compare means of triage vital signs at admission between patients who sought formal and informal care. All factors significant from Pearson's chi-square test were introduced into the binary logistic regression model. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant in this study.RESULTSOf the 400 respondents interviewed, the mean age was 51 years with 56.5% being women. The majority of respondents (61.50%) sought formal health care as their initial action when sick whiles the remaining sought informal care. The adjusted odds for seeking formal health care were higher among patients who self-rated their illness as severe, those who travelled more than 30 minutes to the nearest health facility and those who were classified as red according to South African Triage Scale (SATS).CONCLUSIONSelf-rating of the severity of illness, distance to health facility and patient classification as red by SATS were significant factors associated with healthcare-seeking behaviour. Knowledge about the factors associated with healthcare-seeking behaviour is vital for health education and health promotion campaigns towards appropriate health care seeking behaviour.
Accessibility of anal cleansing materials for public primary school pupils in Kajiado County, Kenya
Authors: Umuro Sabla Abduba , Karama Mohammed , Nyagetiria Akunga Daniel
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTIONAnal cleansing is the hygienic practice of cleaning the anal area after defecation. Inaccessibility to anal cleansing materials leads to inappropriate methods resulting in faecal hand contamination. This study assessed the accessibility of anal cleansing materials for public primary school pupils in Kajiado County, Kenya.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe researchers used a descriptive cross-sectional study approach, applying a cluster sampling technique to sample eighteen (18) schools to the study. Three hundred and eighty-four (384) pupils were selected from the schools using simple random sampling. The Headteacher and a teacher in charge of school health were purposively sampled due to their knowledge of school resources about hygiene. A total of thirty-six teachers participated in the key informant interviews.Data were analysed using SPSS version 21, and Chi-square was used to test the hypothesis at p<0.05 significance level.RESULTSAccessibility to anal cleansing materials was low at 22.9%. Pupils' class (p-value = 0.036) and level of material awareness (p-value <0.001) influenced accessibility. For Institutional factors, material sensitisation was associated with accessibility (p-value = 0.001). The following sustainability measures were proposed; sensitisation on anal cleansing materials, provision through cost sharing, management of the materials by class teachers and prefects, and continued support by government ministries of health and education.CONCLUSIONAnal cleansing materials access was low; pupils' predisposing characteristics and institutional factors influenced access.RECOMMENDATIONWe recommend that school management and ministries of health and education improve access to anal cleansing materials in schools and develop sustainability measures.
Exercise efficacy in management of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy – A case report
Authors: Ogundunmade Babatunde Gbolahan
Published: January 2023

Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy is an ageing, degenerative spinal condition and a common cause of myelopathy in adults, with the average age of presentation being 56 years. This case report was on a 63-year man who was apparently healthy until he was presented with grade v on Nurick Classification System for Myelopathy. Lhermitte Sign was present. The clinical presentations were motor deficit in the upper limbs (ULs), lower limbs (LLs) and hands; intermittent bouts of spasms in lower limbs; painfully reduced range of motion (ROM) in the shoulder, cervical and lumbosacral joints; impaired activity of daily living (ADL) including ambulation, and reduced sleeping hours. The treatment plan aimed to relieve pain at the affected joints; improve ROM in joints of ULs and LLs; strengthen weak muscles (ULs and LLs); improve trunk control; improve patella mobility and release of tight muscle/structures(hamstrings). The adopted Exercise protocols, which were done between 11 am-1 pm at thrice weekly appointments for four months, were Mobilization & Strengthening Exercises (all limbs); Back Flexibility Exercises; Quadriceps Strengthening Exercises both LLs and Neuromotor Exercises. The patient became stable on a tripod stand in the fourth month and was discharged on a home programme at the end of the fourth month. The observed improvement in the clinical condition of this Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy patient lays credence to the efficacy of the use of exercise interventions in this condition.
Characterization of the geomagnetic H-component for a paired station in Africa
Authors: Yusuf Kamaldeen A. , Adimula Isaac A. , Bello Saeed A. , Ige Simeon O. , Osanyinlusi Oluwatoyin , Oladipo Mumin O.
Published: January 2023

This scientific research investigates the quiet days variation, Sq(H) of H- component of geomagnetic field for the paired stations: Aswan (ASW: G.G.Lat.24.090N, G.G.Lon.32.890E and G.M.Lat.15.200, G.M.Lon.104.240),Durban (DRB: G.G.Lat.29.860S, G.G.Lon.31.020E and G.M.Lat.39.210, G.M.Lon.96.10) located along the 960 MM (magnetic meridian) using the ten international quietest days’ geomagnetic data from MAGDAS for the year 2009 (a low activity year).The study reveals that sq(H) shows predominantly the diurnal, monthly and seasonal variations of the geomagnetic H-component during the quiet days year round. With maximum amplitude of sq(H) in ASW and minimum in DRB. Meanwhile, the CEJ seen as negative depressions in the H-component of earth field at DRB are all salient physical processes in this study. Further data analysis also revealed many other interesting characteristics for the Sq(H) over African sector paired station. The conclusion drawn from the study shows that the geomagnetic field variations in the northern hemisphere are higher due to solar activities in the region. The Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the sun, so this area of the Earth receives more direct sunlight during the day than the Southern Hemisphere does. The Southern Hemisphere, on the other hand, is tilted away from the sun and thus receives the sun's rays at an angle, which significantly explains why there is a consistent decrease when it reaches the Durban station (southern hemisphere station), hence the solar activity of the sun influences the Earth’s magnetic field, and the upper atmosphere(ionosphere).
Effect of fermentation process on nutritional composition of condiments from seeds of P. Biglobosa, G. max and H. sabdariffa
Authors: Ahmed Shahidah A. , Sambo Sadiya , Hussain Hauwa , Jumare Fatima I. , Alhaji Salau I.
Published: January 2023

Huge amount of foreign reserve is spent annually on the import of food flavours into Nigeria despite the fact that traditional condiments also suitably play the same role as imported food flavours. In this study, the proximate and mineral composition of local condiment ‘Daddawa’ produced by the fermentation of the seeds of locust beans (Parkia biglobosa), soya beans (Glycine max) and roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) was determined by the AOAC methods. The lipid values for the three seeds range from 8.10±0.07 to 10.30±0.03% with H. Sabdariffa having the highest value. The crude protein value was 11.70±0.19% for P. biglobosa, 10.70±0.32% for H. Sabdariffa and 9.50±0.25 % for G. max. P. biglobosa had the highest value for carbohydrate (by difference) which was 70.50±0.35% when compared to the least value of 61.10±0.2 for H. sabdariffa. Potassium was the highest mineral with a value of 3923.3±0.38% for P. biglobosa, 3433.3±0.40 for H. Sabdariffa and 2666.6±0.30% for G. max. Calcium and magnesium were low in all the seeds with least value for calcium observed in H. sabdariffa (0.4±0.01%) while G. max had least value of 0.1±0.09% for magnesium. Although, potassium was the highest mineral, the value increased in the fermented seeds to a range of 5566.6±0.30 to 9433.3±0.35% and H. sabdariffa had the highest value of with a value of 9433.3±0.35% and the least value of 5566.6±0.30 for P. biglobosa. Glycine max had the highest value of 933.3±0.33% for sodium while P. biglobosa had the least value of 60.8±0.30%. Magnesium was the lowest mineral even after the fermentation of the seeds with a range of 0.3±0.03 to 0.8±0.01%. Uncontrolled fermentation of the three seeds increased some proximate composition of the condiments.