bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in Cell-Type–Specific Responses to Angiotensin II Explain Cardiac Remodeling Differences in C57BL/6 Mouse Substrains
Authors: Cardin Sophie , Scott-Boyer Marie-Pier , Praktiknjo Samantha , Jeidane Saloua , Picard Sylvie , Reudelhuber Timothy L. , Deschepper Christian F.
Published: July 2014

Despite indications that hearts from the C57BL/6N and C57BL/6J mouse substrains differ in terms of their contractility and their responses to stress-induced overload, no information is available about the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms. We tested whether subacute (48 hours) and chronic (14 days) administration of angiotensin II (500 ng/kg per day) had different effects on the left ventricles of male C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N mice. Despite higher blood pressure in C57BL/6J mice, chronic angiotensin II induced fibrosis and increased the left ventricular weight/body weight ratio and cardiac expression of markers of left ventricular hypertrophy to a greater extent in C57BL/6N mice. Subacute angiotensin II affected a greater number of cardiac genes in C57BL/6N than in C57BL/6J mice. Some of the most prominent differences were observed for markers of (1) macrophage activation and M2 polarization, including 2 genes (osteopontin and galectin-3) whose inactivation was reported as sufficient to prevent angiotensin II–induced myocardial fibrosis; and (2) fibroblast activation. These differences were confirmed in macrophage- and fibroblast-enriched populations of cells isolated from the hearts of experimental mice. When testing F2 animals, the amount of connective tissue present after chronic angiotensin II administration did not cosegregate with the inactivation mutation of the nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase gene from C57BL/6J mice, thus discounting its possible contribution to differences in cardiac remodeling. However, expression levels of osteopontin and galectin-3 were cosegregated in hearts from angiotensin II–treated F2 animals and may represent endophenotypes that could facilitate the identification of genetic regulators of the cardiac fibrogenic response to angiotensin II.
Two new Nirvanini genera from China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)
Authors: GAO MIN , DAI WU , ZHANG YALIN
Published: July 2014

Two new Nirvanini genera, Decursusnirvana gen. nov. (type species: Decursusnirvana fasciiformis sp. nov.) and Sinonirvana gen. nov. (type species: Sinonirvana hirsuta sp. nov.), including two new species, D. fasciiformis sp. nov. and S. hirsuta, sp. nov. from China are described. One new combination, Decursusnirvana excelsa (Melichar) n. comb., is also proposed. Decursusnirvana most closely resembles Oniella Matsumura, but it may be distinguished from the latter by the aedeagus lacking an atrium and with the shaft with its basal half straight and apical half strongly curved ventrally, with a pair of processes. Sinonirvana gen. nov is similar to Decursusnirvana gen. nov., differs from the latter as follows: head more elongate with anteclypeus much broader and not extended beyond margin of gena. Also, the pygofer lobe is solid (not divided in two places like the latter) and the subgenital plate has numerous long, fine setae. Detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of all three species are given and a key to all male species in two genera is also provided.
Redescription of larva, pupa and imago male of Chironomus (Chironomus) salinarius Kieffer from the saline rivers of the Lake Elton basin (Russia), its karyotype and ecology
Authors: Orel OKSana (Zorina) V. , Istomina Albina G. , Kiknadze Iya I. , Zinchenko Tatiana D. , Golovatyuk Larisa V.
Published: July 2014

Cytology and ecology of Chironomus (Chironomus) salinarius Kieffer, 1915 (Diptera, Chironomidae) was examined from material collected in the saline rivers of the Lake Elton basin (Volgograd region, Russia). Larvae of salinarius-type were identified as C. salinarius on the basis of their karyotype. The species is redescribed on the basis of all metamorphic stages. The reared imago and karyotype were obtained from larvae of the same population. The karyotype of C. salinarius, detailed mapping of the 5 chromosome arms A, C, D, E, F and characteristics of chromosome polymorphism are provided. Information on distribution and ecology of C. salinarius from the saline rivers (total mineralization 6.8–31.6 g l-1) of the Lake Elton basin is also given. Chironomus salinarius is a common in the saline rivers and occurs in sediments with high silt content. On the basis of recent samplings C. salinarius appears to be very abundant in saline, mesotrophic as well as in eutrophic rivers. Chironomus salinarius accounted for 49–66% of total abundance of zoobenthos in water with salinity up to 13–31.6 g l-1.
Tardigrada from a sub-Andean forest in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (Colombia) with the description of Itaquascon pilatoi sp. nov.
Authors: LISI OSCAR , LONDOÑO ROSANA , QUIROGA SIGMER
Published: July 2014

Currently only 32 species of limno-terrestrial tardigrades have been reported in the literature for Colombia. Our study focused on both heterotardigrades and eutardigrades, which were extracted from eight samples of bryophytes and lichens collected in a sub-Andean forest transect in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Fourteen species were found, six of which are new records for Colombia: Echiniscus madonnae Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2006, Echiniscus virginicus Riggin, 1962, Milnesium krzysztofi Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2007, Doryphoribius amazzonicus Lisi, 2011, Isohypsibius sattleri (Richters, 1902) and Diphascon higginsi Binda, 1971; and one new to science. Itaquascon pilatoi sp. nov., is characterized by having smooth cuticle, no eyes, buccal tube almost as long as the pharyngeal tube, well developed, obvious stylet furcae with long branches, slender claws, no lunules and no cuticular bars on the legs. The new species differs from I. umbellinae Barros, 1939, the most similar species, in having the stylet supports inserted precisely at the border between buccal and pharyngeal tube, more slender claws and more pronounced length differential between the external and internal claws of each leg. The total number of Colombian limno-terrestrial tardigrade species is raised to 37.
The larva of Parasetodes respersellus (Rambur 1841) with notes on its habitat and European distribution (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae)
Authors: MÓRA ARNOLD , JUHÁSZ PÉTER , KISS BÉLA , MÜLLER ZOLTÁN , MÁLNÁS KRISTÓF
Published: July 2014

Two larvae collected from the River Tisza were recognized to belong to the genus Parasetodes according to the available generic description. The fact that Parasetodes respersellus is the only European/Western Palaearctic representative of the genus enabled us to describe the hitherto unknown larva of this species based on the collected specimens. Diagnostic features to distinguish the genus from other Central European genera are discussed. Possible species-specific characters are compared with those of other previously described species of the genus. Some notes on larval habitat and the European distribution of P. respersellus are given.
Connecting the Time Series of Microwave Sounding Observations from AMSU to ATMS for Long-Term Monitoring of Climate
Authors: Zou Xiaolei , Weng Fuzhong , Yang H.
Published: July 2014

The measurements from the Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU) and the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) on board NOAA polar-orbiting satellites have been extensively utilized for detecting atmospheric temperature trend during the last several decades. After the launch of the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi-NPP) satellite on 28 October 2011, MSU and AMSU-A time series will be overlapping with the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) measurements. While ATMS inherited the central frequency and bandpass from most of AMSU-A sounding channels, its spatial resolution and noise features are, however, distinctly different from those of AMSU. In this study, the Backus–Gilbert method is used to optimally resample the ATMS data to AMSU-A fields of view (FOVs). The differences between the original and resampled ATMS data are demonstrated. By using the simultaneous nadir overpass (SNO) method, ATMS-resampled observations are collocated in space and time with AMSU-A data. The intersensor biases are then derived for each pair of ATMS–AMSU-A channels. It is shown that the brightness temperatures from ATMS now fall well within the AMSU data family after resampling and SNO cross calibration. Thus, the MSU–AMSU time series can be extended into future decades for more climate applications.
Internalizing and externalizing problems in immigrant boys and girls
Authors: Paalman Carmen , van Domburgh Lieke , Stevens Gonneke , Vermeiren Robert , van de Ven Peter , Branje Susan , Frijns Tom , Meeus Wim , Koot Hans , van Lier Pol , Jansen Lucres , Doreleijers Theo
Published: July 2014

This longitudinal study explores differences between native Dutch and immigrant Moroccan adolescents in the relationship between internalizing and externalizing problems across time. By using generalized estimating equations (GEE), the strength and stability of associations between internalizing and externalizing problems in 159 Moroccan and 159 Dutch adolescents was studied over a period of 4 years. No differences in strength of co-occurring problems were found between Moroccan and Dutch adolescents. However, for Moroccan adolescents, associations between problems increased over time, whereas in Dutch adolescents, associations remained stable. The increase of co-occurring problems may be a result of undertreatment and increasing complexity of problems in Moroccans during adolescence. The results of this study imply that investigating processes leading to co-occurring problems in subgroups of adolescents, such as immigrant youths, is needed to optimize prevention and intervention efforts.
Spacing gender, gendering space: A radical “strong plot” in film
Authors: Panayiotou Alexia
Published: July 2014

This article seeks to contribute to the discussion on organizational space and gender by focusing on a powerful tool for management learning—popular culture and, in particular, Hollywood films. Taking a performative practice approach to the study of both gender and space and working with films featuring women in the central organizational role, this study explores the protagonists’ spatial practices as these are used to subvert, intentionally or unintentionally, organizational patriarchal structures. In this context, the study traces both how space is gendered through particular situated social practices and how gender is spaced, or how gender performativity is materialized in and through organizational space. Findings show that although on surface organizational spaces marginalize women, certain spatial practices can hybridize the workspace and transform the “margin” into a “space of radical openness.” This new space can also aid in subverting the traditional “strong plot” of the career woman, thus transforming both what we know and how we know in organizations.
Social capital and resource requests on Facebook
Authors: Ellison Nicole B , Gray Rebecca , Lampe Cliff , Fiore Andrew T
Published: July 2014

Facebook-enabled resource mobilization attempts—broadcasted status updates in which people ask questions or request information, favors, or other forms of assistance from one’s network—can provide insight into social capital dynamics as they unfold on Facebook. Specifically, these requests and the responses they receive can serve as a window into how, why, and with what results individuals turn to their Friends network for help. In this study, we synthesize the existing research on resource mobilization requests via Facebook and present new analyses of survey data collected from a random sample of Facebook users who have made any post in the past 28 days ( n = 573) and a sample of those who have posted a mobilization request in the past 28 days ( n = 1074). To identify mobilization requests, an automated classifier trained on a hand-labeled sample of public status updates was used. Using participants’ self-reported survey data and server-level behavioral data, we examine how mobilization request behaviors relate to perceptions of bridging and bonding social capital, participants’ perceptions of Facebook’s utility regarding these requests, and related variables such as engagement in Facebook Relational Maintenance Behaviors. We find that those who post mobilization requests on Facebook report higher social capital, are more likely to try to respond to Friends’ expressed needs, and tend to see the site as a better source of information, coordination, and networked communication.
Sickle cell disease in mice is associated with sensitization of sensory nerve fibers
Authors: Kenyon Nicholas , Wang Li , Spornick Nicholas , Khaibullina Alfia , Almeida Luis EF , Cheng Yao , Wang Jichuan , Guptill Virginia , Finkel Julia C , Quezado Zenaide MN
Published: July 2014

The pain phenotype in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients is highly variable. A small percentage of SCD patients experience many vaso-occlusive crises/year, 5% of patients account for over 30% of pain episodes, while 39% report few episodes of severe pain. Clearly, a better understanding of the pathobiology of SCD is needed to improve its therapy. Humanized sickle cell mice recapitulate several phenotypes of SCD patients and provide a model for the study of SCD pain. Researchers have shown that one strain of humanized SCD mice, the BERK strain, has abnormal pain phenotype. However, the nociception phenotype of another humanized SCD mouse strain, the Townes strain, has not been described. In a large cross-sectional study of BERK and Townes SCD mice, we examined thermosensory response and sensory nerve fiber function using sine-wave electrical stimulation at 2000, 250, and 5 Hz to stimulate preferentially Aβ, Aδ, and C sensory nerve fibers, respectively. We found that BERK and Townes mice, compared to respective controls, had decreases in 2000, 250, and 5 Hz current vocalization thresholds in patterns that suggest sensitization of a broad spectrum of sensory nerve fibers. In addition, the pattern of sensitization of sensory fibers varied according to strain, sex, age, and mouse genotype. In a similarly variable pattern, Townes and BERKs also had significantly altered sensitivity to noxious thermal stimuli in agreement with what has been shown by others. In summary, the analysis of somatosensory function using sine-wave electrical stimulation in humanized sickle cell mice suggests that in SCD, both myelinated and unmyelinated, fibers are sensitized. The pattern of sensory fiber sensitization is distinct from that observed in pain models of neuropathic and inflammatory pain. These findings raise the possibility that sensitization of a broad spectrum of sensory fibers might contribute to the altered and variable nociception phenotype in SCD.
Relation of joint strength and polymer molecular structure in laser assisted metal and polymer joining
Authors: Cheon J. , Na S.-J.
Published: July 2014

The study of laser assisted metal and polymer joining has been conducted to identify the mechanism of the hybrid joint. The bonding mechanism has been revealed to be due to the expansion pressure of pyrolysis fragments. Previous research has dealt with superficial factors without consideration of the polymer thermal decomposition phenomenon, which is the major factor of the joining strength. With experiments and simple chemical analysis for simple structured polymers this paper presents the quantitative relationship among the joint strength, the expansion pressure, the gas fragment composition, and the molecular structure. To verify the relation of the joint strength and the polymer molecular structure, the results were analysed and compared with the results of previous studies. Correlation of the quantified joint strength and the quantified expansion pressure and the monomer yield is also defined. The results confirm that the joint strength is correlated with the polymer structure.
Review of current strategies to induce self-healing behaviour in fibre reinforced polymer based composites
Authors: van der Zwaag S. , Grande A. M. , Post W. , Garcia S. J. , Bor T. C.
Published: July 2014

This paper addresses the various strategies to induce self-healing behaviour in fibre reinforced polymer based composites. A distinction is made between the extrinsic and intrinsic healing strategies. These strategies can be applied at the level of the fibre, the fibre/matrix interface or at the level of the matrix. It is shown that the degree of healing depends on the type of damage and the testing mode used and examples are given both for extrinsic and for intrinsic healing systems. The conclusion is drawn that self-healing in fibre reinforced composites is possible yet unlikely to become a commercial reality in the near future.
Optimisation of DLC deposition parameters for magnetic and reliability properties
Authors: Yeh R. H. , Chao T. M. , Tan A. H.
Published: July 2014

This study uses the Taguchi method and Grey relational analysis in order to simultaneously improve the magnetic and corrosion performance in media. Higher resistivity and Co corrosion resistance of the overcoat film were found using higher source gas H/C ratio and gas flows. This trend is due to the fact that the Id/ Ig ratio decreases with increasing source gas H/C ratio and flowrate, which indicate a compositional change from a less dominant sp3 structure towards a highly dominant sp3 structure. The optimal diamond-like carbon (DLC) deposition parameters are source gas C2H6, bias voltage of −100 V, anode voltage of 100 V and gas flow of 40 sccm. Compared with the standard DLC deposition conditions, this improved process result obtained from the optimisation of overcoat deposition parameters can achieve a 0·5 nm lower overcoat thickness with excellent corrosion resistance and a 0·90 dB higher SpSNR.
Surface hardening of Ti – 6Al – 4V alloy by diffusion treatment of electroless Ni – B coatings
Authors: Dabalà M. , Brunelli K. , Frattini R. , Magrini M.
Published: July 2014

Electroless nickel – boron coatings on Ti – 6Al – 4V alloy were obtained by immersion in nickel chloride aqueous solutions with both dimethylamine amine borane and sodium borohydride as reducing agents. On some samples, a graphite layer was deposited by physical vapour deposition before the electroless deposition. Heat treatments at 800°C for 40 h were performed to obtain surface hardening of the titanium alloy. The effect of different deposition agents on the depth of hardening was studied by XRD, SEM, EDS and glow discharge optical spectrometry. Surface hardness >1000 HV and depth of hardening >500 mm were achieved by diffusion of layers obtained with sodium borohydride as reducing agent.
Paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B regulates platelet activation
Authors: Fan Xuemei , Shi Panlai , Dai Jing , Lu Yeling , Chen Xue , Liu Xiaoye , Zhang Kandi , Wu Xiaolin , Sun Yueping , Wang Kemin , Zhu Li , Zhang Cheng Cheng , Zhang Junfeng , Chen Guo-qiang , Zheng Junke , Liu Junling
Published: July 2014

Key Points

Paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B negatively regulates platelet activation.
In Vivo Treatment Sensitivity Testing With Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography After One Cycle of Chemotherapy for Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Hutchings Martin , Kostakoglu Lale , Zaucha Jan Maciej , Malkowski Bogdan , Biggi Alberto , Danielewicz Iwona , Loft Annika , Specht Lena , Lamonica Dominick , Czuczman Myron S. , Nanni Christina , Zinzani Pier Luigi , Diehl Louis , Stern Richard , Coleman Morton
Published: July 2014

Purpose

Negative [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) –positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) after two cycles of chemotherapy indicates a favorable prognosis in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). We hypothesized that the negative predictive value would be even higher in patients responding rapidly enough to be PET negative after one cycle. This prospective study aimed to assess the prognostic value of PET after one cycle of chemotherapy in HL and to assess the dynamics of FDG uptake after one cycle (PET1) and after two cycles (PET2).

Patients and Methods

All PET scans were read by two blinded, independent reviewers in different countries, according to the Deauville five-point scale. The main end point was progression-free survival (PFS) after 2 years.

Results

A total of 126 patients were included, and all had PET1; 89 patients had both PET1 and PET2. The prognostic value of PET1 was statistically significant with respect to both PFS and overall survival. Two-year PFS for PET1-negative and PET1-positive patients was 94.1% and 40.8%, respectively. Among those with both PET1 and PET2, 2-year PFS was 98.3% and 38.5% for PET1-negative and PET1-positive patients and 90.2% and 23.1% for PET2-negative and PET2-positive patients, respectively. No PET1-negative patient was PET2 positive.

Conclusion

PET after one cycle of chemotherapy is highly prognostic in HL. No other prognostic tool identifies a group of patients with HL with a more favorable outcome than those patients with a negative PET1. In the absence of precise pretherapeutic predictive markers, PET1 is the best method for response-adapted strategies designed to select patients for less intensive treatment.
Cognitive Effects of Cancer Systemic Therapy: Implications for the Care of Older Patients and Survivors
Authors: Mandelblatt Jeanne S. , Jacobsen Paul B. , Ahles Tim
Published: July 2014

The number of patients with cancer who are age 65 years or older (hereinafter “older”) is increasing dramatically. One obvious aspect of cancer care for this group is that they are experiencing age-related changes in multiple organ systems, including the brain, which complicates decisions about systemic therapy and assessments of survivorship outcomes. There is a consistent body of evidence from studies that use neuropsychological testing and neuroimaging that supports the existence of impairment following systemic therapy in selected cognitive domains among some older patients with cancer. Impairment in one or more cognitive domains could have important effects in the daily lives of older patients. However, an imperfect understanding of the precise biologic mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment after systemic treatment precludes development of validated methods for predicting which older patients are at risk. From what is known, risks may include lifestyle factors such as smoking, genetic predisposition, and specific comorbidities such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Risk also interacts with physiologic and cognitive reserve, because even at the same chronological age and with the same number of illnesses, older patients vary from having high reserve (ie, biologically younger than their age) to being frail (biologically older than their age). Surveillance for the presence of cognitive impairment is also an important component of long-term survivorship care with older patients. Increasing the workforce of cancer care providers who have geriatrics training or who are working within multidisciplinary teams that have this type of expertise would be one avenue toward integrating assessment of the cognitive effects of cancer systemic therapy into routine clinical practice.
Cancer Survivorship Issues: Life After Treatment and Implications for an Aging Population
Authors: Rowland Julia H. , Bellizzi Keith M.
Published: July 2014

The US population of cancer survivors age ≥ 65 years will continue to grow rapidly over the next few decades. This growth will be driven largely by the aging of the national population. With the diffusion of earlier detection and more effective therapies, the majority of these individuals can expect to live long term after diagnosis. This often vulnerable group of survivors poses significant challenges for both researchers and clinicians with regard to how best to document and address its unique health care needs. In this article, we briefly review the long-term and late-occurring effects of cancer and its treatment in older survivors, review information on current patterns of post-treatment care and the evolving guidelines for this care, and discuss opportunities for future research.
Atmospheric Suspensions Content in the Nakhodka City District (Primorye Territory)
Authors: Голохваст  , Golokhvast Kirill , Блиновская  , Blinovskaya Yana
Published: July 2014

The article presents results of material (speculative) analysis of particles of atmospheric suspensions contained in snow collected at 5 sites in the Nakhodka city District (Primorye Territory) in winter 2012-2013. Coal, soot and metallic particles (Fe, Cr, Ti, Ba, Ag, Cu, Au, V, and W) were found at sample points in areas with extra industrial load. Coal terminal provides for discovery of coal dust, minerals (phosphates and silicates), and rare-earth elements (La, Ce, Nd, Y) at all sample points.
Improving Stability of Fire Fighting Foams by Water-Soluble Polymers
Authors: Любимов  , Lyubimov Viktor , Скушникова  , Skushnikova Alvira
Published: July 2014

The article studies the effect of polymeric stabilizing additives on stability, expansion ratio, and complete destruction

period of foams derived from aqueous solutions of surfactants. Use of additives such as poliviniltriazole, polyethylene

oxide, and polymethacrylic acid is proven to correlate foam stability and period of its complete degradation to the kind

of the polymer and its molar mass. Moreover, usage of acrylamide polymers as additives to biologically soft industrial

foam formers improves stability of fire-fighting foams. It was established that polyacrylamide of М=107 molecular weight

has the highest stabilizing effect on fire-fighting foams. Foam agents with polyacrylamide additives provide for 5 times

decrease of extinguishment period of flammable liquids compared to extinguishment period without polyacrylamide

additives.
Occupational Illness: Current State, Problems and Improvement of Diagnostics
Authors: Ретнев  , Retnev V.
Published: July 2014

The paper investigates reasons for poor quality of occupational illnesses detection in Russia in comparison with foreign

countries. Today a considerable amount of work-related diseases are not diagnosed and registered because of reluctance of

employers, poor performance of medical boards, and low skill level of occupational pathology medical workers.
Delirium in older people in hospital: an education programme
Authors: Varghese Nibi C , Macaden Leah , Premkumar Beulah , Mathews Prasad , Kumar Saravanan
Published: July 2014

Aim:

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of an educational programme on the identification and management of delirium by nurses in the medical wards of a tertiary care hospital in South India.

Method:

A non-equivalent controlled pre- and post-intervention research design was used. The sample size of nurses through convenient sampling was 15 in the experimental group and 17 in the comparison group. A questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of nurses and an observation checklist was used to assess practice. The Confusion Assessment Method ( Inouye et al, 1990 ) was used to detect delirium among older people who were hospitalised. Data collection was carried out over a 6-week period.

Results:

There was a significant improvement in the knowledge (p<0.001) and practice (p<0.003) of nurses in the experimental group following the educational programme.
Mental health and wellbeing: a snapshot of GPN training needs
Authors: Hardy Sheila
Published: July 2014

Background: The vast majority (up to 90%) of depressive and anxiety disorders that are diagnosed are treated in primary care ( National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), 2011 ). However, practice nurses traditionally have little training in this area, and recognition of anxiety disorders in primary care is particularly poor ( NICE, 2011 ). Aim: To learn more about how practice nurses perceive their role in managing common mental health disorders; the types of training practice nurses think they need; the types of training that GPs and clinical commissioning group (CCG) leads think practice nurses need; how practice nurses would like training to be delivered; how GPs and CCG leads would like training to be organized. Method: A national audit was carried out using online questionnaires (15 questions for practice nurses; 3 for GPs and CCG leads). Two focus groups were held 1 month apart, with practice nurses in Northamptonshire following protected learning time sessions. Results: Over 82% of practice nurses have responsibilities for aspects of mental health and wellbeing where they have not had training, and 98% of practice nurses would like to attend a relevant course. The practice nurses indicated a preference for face-to-face training in a classroom environment, as opposed to teaching in the workplace or e-learning. A third of practice nurses would struggle to attend a course because gaining agreement from employers is difficult. Conclusions: The practice nurses demonstrated an awareness of common mental health disorders and how to treat them, and a desire to learn through accessible education that is fit for purpose. There is a need to develop a national training programme that includes financial incentives for GPs.
The impact of pet loss: an update on the research and evidence-based ways to help grieving clients
Authors: Hewson Caroline
Published: July 2014

Grief on an animal's death is a normal reaction. However, although some support resources are available, including counsellors, helplines and online fora, there is little collective societal understanding of pet owners’ grief. In addition to personal and situational factors (e.g. age, coping style, how the animal died) that may shape or complicate clients’ grief, it may be compounded by guilt and the incomprehension of those around them. Thus, while most bereaved owners can adapt to life without their animal companion, many suffer unnecessarily in the process. Research continues on the complexities of grief for animals, but we still lack evidence for the most effective approaches to supporting bereaved clients. A pragmatic approach would follow the guidelines on human bereavement, using staff training and client-care resources so that: veterinary personnel did not make assumptions about the needs of grieving clients; and all newly bereaved owners received information about diverse support resources before their animals died or at the time of death. This article outlines some of the more recent research pertinent to pet owners’ grief. It also highlights evidence-based approaches to bridging the grief support gap with clients.
Monitoring anaesthetics in exotics
Authors: Lennox Angela M
Published: July 2014

Anaesthetic death rate is higher in exotic patients than in dogs and cats. Unfamiliarity with monitoring and inability to intubate are frequently cited reasons for higher death rate. Ability to hide signs of illness, and fewer healthy, elective aneasthetic procedures likely influence death rate as well. Direct vascular support can be challenging. For some patients, small size or unique anatomic features present unique challenges. Sophisticated monitoring equipment (e.g. capnographs, blood pressure monitors) designed for canine/feline use must often be adapted for exotic patients, and is more likely to fail when used in exotic patients. For this reason, the anaesthetist must develop a plan for addressing equipment failure, and have a backup monitoring device ready, if applicable. Anecdotally, it appears that changes in respiratory and cardiovascular parameters may occur more rapidly than in canine and feline patients. While careful patient preparation and monitoring are important for any anaesthetic patient, particular attention to detail may help improve anaesthetic survival rate in exotic species.
The chubby bunny: a closer look at obesity in the pet rabbit
Authors: Stapleton Nadene
Published: July 2014

The effects of obesity on the health of cats and dogs are well recognised and obese rabbits are susceptible to many of the same problems. There are, however, some conditions related to obesity that are more rabbit specific. This article looks at the deleterious effects of obesity specific to the health of rabbits and how to identify, prevent and manage cases of obesity in this species.
Oral radiography in cats and dogs
Authors: Bloor Claire
Published: July 2014

Oral radiography is a very important tool in veterinary medicine, however it is a widely underused and neglected commodity. The importance of its role in the optimal treatment of animals with oral and maxillofacial conditions, including trauma and oncology cases, cannot be emphasised enough. A significant proportion of the pathological changes associated with oral disease processes are invisible to the naked eye as the tooth roots and alveolar bone are located subgingivally, therefore oral radiography is essential to facilitate a thorough assessment of their health and to identify underlying disease. Any practice admitting animals for ‘dentals’ are encouraged to invest in the equipment and training required to obtain diagnostic oral radiographs to enhance their treatment of these cases; this will be of benefit to the veterinary professionals involved with treating the animals, the clients and ultimately the patients.
Only the Voice of the Other: Science, Power, and Diversity’s Revolt in the Museum—A Manifesto of Sorts
Authors: Wood W. Warner
Published: July 2014

While the importance of including diverse perspectives in museum programming has received considerable attention in the cultural realm, the same cannot be said for environmental science topics. In science and natural history museums, exhibitions on issues such as global climate change and loss of biodiversity are frequently narrowly defined in relation to an equally narrow perception of what constitutes environmental science. Because the facts of science in museums are still largely told by science curators, the voices of non-scientists are largely absent on such issues. As museum professionals, we must work to ensure that a diversity of perspectives is represented on environmental issues in our museums and on the capacity of our publics to participate in the presentation of environmental topics. We must support the public’s collective “power-to” (as John Holloway has termed it) have a voice in environmental programming.
Perceptions of Barriers to Personal Creativity: Validation of an Inventory Involving High Education Students
Authors: Morais Maria de Fátima , Almeida Leandro S. , Azevedo Ivete , Alencar Eunice , Fleith Denise
Published: July 2014

The topic of creativity in higher education has been increasingly emphasized as support to the social and technological innovation. This study presents the adaptation and validation of the Inventory of Barriers to Personal Creativity for Portuguese college students. The sample was composed by 582 students from a public university in Northern Portugal, whose ages ranged from 18 to 59 (M=23.41; SD=5.38), belonging to three main domains of graduation courses (Arts and Humanities, Social Sciences, and Sciences and Technologies). An exploratory factor analysis identified the four factors included in the original questionnaire: Inhibition/Shyness, Lack of Motivation, Lack of Time and Opportunities, and social Repression. The psychometric properties of the instrument are adequate, concerning internal consistency reliability and structural validity, for items and the four dimensions. Some guidelines are provided in order to use this questionnaire in future researches to increase the levels of creativity in teaching and learning processes in higher education.
Standards for Pediatric Cancer Centers
Authors:   SECTION ON HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY, Hord Jeffrey , Feig Stephen , Crouch Gary , Hale Gregory , Mueller Brigitta , Rogers Zora , Shearer Patricia , Werner Eric
Published: July 2014

This Policy Statement was reaffirmed October 2018.

Since the American Academy of Pediatrics–published guidelines for pediatric cancer centers in 1986, 1997, and 2004, significant changes in the delivery of health care have prompted a review of the role of medical centers in the care of pediatric patients. The potential effect of these changes on the treatment and survival rates of children with cancer led to this revision. The intent of this statement is to delineate personnel, capabilities, and facilities that are essential to provide state-of-the-art care for children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer. This statement emphasizes the importance of board-certified pediatric hematologists/oncologists and appropriately qualified pediatric medical subspecialists and pediatric surgical specialists overseeing patient care and the need for specialized facilities as essential for the initial management and much of the follow-up for pediatric, adolescent, and young adult patients with cancer. For patients without practical access to a pediatric cancer center, care may be provided locally by a primary care physician or adult oncologist but at the direction of a pediatric oncologist.
Concentración natural de compuestos antimaláricos en artrópodos tropicales (in vitro)
Authors: Chichilla Carmona Misael , Marta Guerrero Bermúdez Olga , Tamayo Castillo Giselle , Sittenfeld Appel Ana , Jiménez Somarribas Alberto , Valerio Campos Idalia
Published: July 2014

Extractos alcohólicos, hexánicos y diclorometánicos de 751 muestras de artrópodos fueron estudiados por la presencia de actividad antimalárica. En este trabajo se empleó un modelo murino usando el Plasmodium berghei, modelo que es biológicamente similar a la malaria humana. El estudio fue realizado determinando el efecto del extracto sobre el parásito por la inclusión o no del colorante azul de cresil brillante. Estimando como positivos aquellos extractos cuya actividad antimalárica se mostró en concentraciones no mayores de 50 mg, se encontró que los órdenes más promisorios fueron Lepidoptera (24.1%), Polydesmida (81.3%), Blattodea (25%) y Opiliones, entre otros. Las formas inmaduras de Lepidoptera fueron las más positivas, por lo que se analizaron las plantas hospederos de donde se alimentaban dichos organismos. Las familias de estas plantas eran Malvaceae, Acanthaceae, Rutaceae, Myrtaceae, Solanaceae, Fabaceae, Urticaceae, Anacardiaceae, Rosaceae, Asteraceae, Rubiaceae, Lauraceae y Caprifoliaceae. Especies de casi todas estas familias han sido reportadas con actividad antimalárica. En el caso de los órdenes Polydesmida, Opiliones y Blattodea, cuyas formas adultas presentaron alguna actividad contra P. berghei, encontramos que todos esos grupos se alimentan también de plantas. En el caso de Opiliones sus especies son predadores de lepidópteros, coleópteros, hemípteros fitófagos y otros artrópodos, además de que producen sustancias de defensas tales como alcoholes, cetonas y quinonas, entre otros, todo lo cual podría explicar la actividad encontrada. Algunas especies del Orden Polydesmida, también secretan ciertas sustancias químicas, las cuales podrían tener un efecto antiparasitario. Así, a través de este trabajo en artrópodos hemos llegado a identificar fuentes vegetales potenciales para componentes antimaláricos.
Fecundity of the crustacean Mysidopsis californica (Mysida, Mysidae) under semi-controlled conditions
Authors: Ortega Salas Armando A. , Núñez Pastén Arturo , Camacho M. Humberto A.
Published: July 2014

Mysid crustaceans are frequently used in the laboratory to feed cephalopods and fish, but not along the Pacific coast, where they are scarce. There is no commercial aquaculture of mysids in the Pacific Ocean. To change this situation, we calculate fecundity, survival, and sex ratio of Mysidopsis californica under semi-controlled conditions. Mysids were collected manually using a 500 µm-mesh net along the rocky coast of Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico. They were transferred to three 30 L seawater aquaria in the laboratory, and fed (ad libitum) Artemia nauplii and rotifers. Two generations were obtained. The relationship between the number of juveniles born and parent female lengths showed a rate of 1.56 juveniles released per each unit of increasing parent female length. An average parent female length of 6.92 mm (SD=0.82) gave 9.96 (SD=4.29) released juveniles. The frequency of female length showed a mean of 7.3 mm (SD=0.54), whereas that of juveniles showed a mean of 1.7 mm (SD=0.16). Survival and sex ratios (females-males) varied from 77.7 % to 88.6 % and 2.5:1 to 3.0:1, respectively.
Pteridofitas indicadoras de alteración ambiental en el bosque templado de San Jerónimo Amanalco, Texcoco, México
Authors: Rodríguez Romero Lucía , Pacheco Leticia , Alejandro Zavala Hurtado José
Published: July 2014

Se estudiaron los patrones de distribución de 26 especies de pteridofitas como posibles indicadoras de alteración ambiental en los bosques templados de San Jerónimo Amanalco, Texcoco, Estado de México. La presencia y abundancia de la pteridoflora se relacionó con variables edáficas, topográficas y de vegetación en 100 sitios de muestreo en un área de 494 ha. Con base en el Análisis Canónico de Correspondencia se pudo explorar la relación entre variables. Se determinaron cinco paisajes en el área de estudio con base al grado de deterioro: erosión severa, erosión, montaña con deterioro moderado reversible, montaña sin deterioro aparente y cañada sin deterioro aparente. Cheilanthes bonariensis y Pellaea ternifolia son indicadores de deterioro ambiental. Los táxones que únicamente crecen en paisajes sin alteración aparente son: Adiantum andicola, Adiantum poiretii, Argyrochosma incana, Asplenium blepharophorum, Dryopteris pseudo filix-mas, Equisetum hyemale y Pteris cretica.
Predispersal home range shift of an ocelot Leopardus pardalis (Carnivora: Felidae) on Barro Colorado Island, Panama
Authors: Mares Rafael , Moreno Ricardo S. , Kays Roland W. , Wikelski Martin
Published: July 2014

Home range shifts prior to natal dispersal have been rarely documented, yet the events that lead a subadult to abandon a portion of its home range and venture into unfamiliar territories, before eventually setting off to look for a site to reproduce, are probably related to the causes of dispersal itself. Here, we used a combination of manual radio-tracking and an Automated Radio Telemetry System to continuously study the movements of a subadult male ocelot (Leopardus pardalis), a solitary carnivore with sex-biased dispersal, on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, for 18 months from May 2003 through October 2004. The subadult ocelot?s parents were also radio-tracked to record possible parent-offspring interactions within their home ranges. At the age of ca. 21 months the subadult gradually began to shift its natal home range, establishing a new one used until the end of the study, in an area that had previously been used by another dispersing subadult male. Only three parent-offspring interactions were recorded during the four months around the time the range-shift occurred. The apparent peaceful nature of these encounters, along with the slow transition out of a portion of his natal home range, suggest the subadult was not evicted from his natal area by his parents. The timing of the shift, along with the subadult?s increase in weight into the weight range of adult ocelots four months after establishing the new territory, suggests that predispersal home range shifts could act as a low risk and opportunistic strategy for reaching adult size, while minimizing competition with parents and siblings, in preparation for an eventual dispersal into a new breeding territory.
A case study of replacement of external post-tensioning cables
Authors: Rammer Yves , Espion Bernard
Published: July 2014

This paper presents a case study of an economical intervention on an early prestressed post-tensioned concrete structure. Built in 1960, a 60 m span concrete railway bridge at Clabecq in Belgium had a simply supported two-cell box girder. It was post-tensioned with one of the last applications in Belgium of the Blaton–Magnel ‘sandwich’ system. The cables were external to the concrete and only protected from corrosion by cement grout. Maintenance inspections in the 1990s revealed that corrosion of the tendons was so severe that the future safety of the bridge was compromised. The owner decided to replace all existing cables with new tendons placed in high-density polyethylene ducts, with each tendon composed of 15 monostrands. This paper describes the assessment of the existing structure, attempts to estimate the residual pre-stressing force and the design and implementation of the repair. It also discusses problems encountered and lessons learned.
Strength of composite slabs with end-anchorage studs
Authors: Chen Shiming , Shi Xiaoyu , Zhou Yuehua
Published: July 2014

A finite-element model is proposed to simulate the load behaviour of composite slabs with studs as end anchorages. The model is verified against physical tests on 36 composite slabs with varying thickness of steel deck, diameter and height of the studs, concrete strength and length of shear span. The longitudinal shear strength contributed by the end anchorage is evaluated and compared with the design shear strength of individual studs proposed in different design codes. The contribution of studs as end anchorages to the shear-bond strength of composite slabs is found to be substantial and should be considered in design assessments. A tentative design method to evaluate the strength of composite slabs with end-anchorage studs is proposed.
Compartmentalized Acyl-CoA Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle Regulates Systemic Glucose Homeostasis
Authors: Li Lei O. , Grevengoed Trisha J. , Paul David S. , Ilkayeva Olga , Koves Timothy R. , Pascual Florencia , Newgard Christopher B. , Muoio Deborah M. , Coleman Rosalind A.
Published: July 2014

The impaired capacity of skeletal muscle to switch between the oxidation of fatty acid (FA) and glucose is linked to disordered metabolic homeostasis. To understand how muscle FA oxidation affects systemic glucose, we studied mice with a skeletal muscle–specific deficiency of long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase (ACSL)1. ACSL1 deficiency caused a 91% loss of ACSL-specific activity and a 60–85% decrease in muscle FA oxidation. Acsl1M−/− mice were more insulin sensitive, and, during an overnight fast, their respiratory exchange ratio was higher, indicating greater glucose use. During endurance exercise, Acsl1M−/− mice ran only 48% as far as controls. At the time that Acsl1M−/− mice were exhausted but control mice continued to run, liver and muscle glycogen and triacylglycerol stores were similar in both genotypes; however, plasma glucose concentrations in Acsl1M−/− mice were ∼40 mg/dL, whereas glucose concentrations in controls were ∼90 mg/dL. Excess use of glucose and the likely use of amino acids for fuel within muscle depleted glucose reserves and diminished substrate availability for hepatic gluconeogenesis. Surprisingly, the content of muscle acyl-CoA at exhaustion was markedly elevated, indicating that acyl-CoAs synthesized by other ACSL isoforms were not available for β-oxidation. This compartmentalization of acyl-CoAs resulted in both an excessive glucose requirement and severely compromised systemic glucose homeostasis.