bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESTIMASI KERUGIAN EKONOMI AKIBAT STATUS GIZI BURUK DAN BIAYA PENANGGULANGANNYA PADA BALITA DI BERBAGAI PROVINSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Aries Muhammad , Martianto Drajat
Published: December 2017

The study was aimed to estimate  GDP lost due to Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) among under five children at various provinces in Indonesia. It was a descriptive study used secondary data.  Data analysis was conducted in Bogor, from January to March 2006. The data uses are prevalence of PEM among under five children in various provinces in 2003, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of provinces in Indonesia by industrial origin 2000 - 2004, population by province, sex and age group 2003, composite Consumers Price Index (CPI) of 45 cities (2002 = 100). The study showed that the economic lost due to malnutrition (PEM) among under five children in Indonesia was ranged from 0.27% to 1.21% GDP.
ASPEK SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN KAITANNYA DENGAN MASALAH GIZI KURANG DI KABUPATEN MANGGARAI, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Marut Ursula Dianita
Published: December 2017

The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between socio-economic and cultural aspects and undernutrition problem in Kabupaten Manggarai, Nusa Tenggara Timur. This research was designed as cross sectional study with purposive method. This research was conducted in Desa Meler, Kecamatan Ruteng, Kabupaten Manggarai from June to July 2007. Primary data and secondary data were collected in this study. Primary data including family’s socio-economic characteristics, nutritional status, environment sanitation and food consumption using interview questionnaire. Secondary data including food production, prevalence of nutritional status of the children under five, and were collected from some Government’s institutions. Populations of this research were children under five in Desa Meler. Samples consisted of 80 children and were classified into two groups, a total of 48 classified as undernutrition group and the rest of them belong to normal group. Result shows that the prevalence of undernutrition of children under five in Manggarai year 2005 is 22,75 % and have decreased in 2006 become 19,24 %. Poverty is one of the causal factors of this undernutrition problem in Manggarai.
ANALISIS DETERMINAN POSITIVE DEVIANCE STATUS GIZI BALITA DI WILAYAH MISKIN DENGAN PREVALENSI KURANG GIZI RENDAH DAN TINGGI
Authors: Sab'atmaja Sakri , Khomsan Ali , Tanziha Ikeu
Published: December 2017

The aim this study was to analyze the determinant of positive deviance nutritional status of under five year old children in poor areas with low and high prevalence of undernutrition. Cross sectional study was conducted in the study using secondary data analysis taken from Basic Health Research 2007 in four provinces with determination samples criterias of high poverty levels according BPS 2009 (>14.15%) and low and high prevalence of undernutrition (+18.4%) which were analyzed through quadrants. The number of samples was 3.494 under five year old children from poor families. The significancy relations among variables were measured using Pearson's correlation and path analysis to analyze the determinants. The results, the determinant of positive deviance were income through mother's characteristics, health upbringing, and health status, the four provinces had the same determinants pathway (β=0.0451), with mother's characteristics (p<0.05) and health upbringing (p<0.05) as the significants variables. The conclusion was that mother with better characteristics in families who were able to manage income better, tended to practice better health upbringing which increase children's nutritional status. These factors determine the poor families living in the poor areas could have well nourished under five year old children rather than other families in the same economic condition. Key words: positive deviance, undernutrition, nutritional status.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN CGF 40% DALAM MEMPERCEPAT PENINGKATAN TROMBOSIT PADA PENDERITA DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE
Authors: Effendi Adi Teruna , Sediono M , Suksmono HS , Erwanto B , Effendi Yekti Hartati , Dewi Mira , Karyadi Darwin
Published: December 2017

Aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of CGF 40% in hastening the recuperation, as indicated by reduced length of hospital stay, improvement in clinical status, increase in platelets, and reduction in the hemoconcentration. The study group comprised of 84 consecutive DHF patients, 42 male and 42 female subjects, who were randomized into the control group receiving the WHO standard therapy and the intervention group receiving CGF 40% and the standard therapy. Hemoglobin, hematocrite and thrombocyte counts were taken daily until the subjects were free of the symptoms and signs of DHF, and the thrombocyte count read >100.000. The results were analyzed statistically, student t test and quadratic regression, using SPSS 16 software. The average length of recuperation time in the intervention and control groups were 2.76 days and 4.43 days respectively (p=0.000). Recuperation times of subjects with thrombocyte counts <50,000 and >50,000 of the intervention group (3,09 and 2,37 days) and the control group (4,2 and 4,5 days) were different significantly (p=0.016 and 0.000). When analized specifically in the treatment group, the recuperation time of those with thrombocyte counts <50,000U (2.37 days) did not differ to those with >50,000 (3.09 days) with p=0.112. Using quadratic regression, the increase in thrombocytes, reduction in hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrite were faster in the intervention group when compared to the control group, with R2 almost reaching 1. The study disclosed that administration of CGF 40% could reduce the recuperation time and improved the hemoconcentration, which presumably demonstrated the concept of regenerative medicine as indicated by the repairmen of vascular permeability.
SIKAP AFEKTIF IBU TERHADAP IKAN LAUT NYATA MENINGKATKAN APRESIASI ANAK MENGONSUMSI IKAN LAUT
Authors: Waysima Waysima , Sumarwan Ujang , Khomsan Ali , Zakaria Fransiska R
Published: December 2017

The relationship of mother’s attitude towards specific food consumption is known to influence children’s attitude and eating behavior. Fish consumption is critical towards children development, such as brain development and overall physical health. The objectives of this research were to elaborate the determinants of children’s appreciation for consuming fish or attitude towards consuming fish. This cross-sectional study was conducted in two different locations in Central Java in a coastal and in a non-coastal area. There are 248 students from the fifth and sixth grades of elementary schools participating as subjects, which is the same as that of their mothers. Observations and interviews were carried out using standardized questionnaires to describe the mother and children relationship that determined children’s appreciation for consuming fish by using path analysis. The results showed that location of residence namely coastal area, family collective eating pattern, mother’s affective attitude towards fish and mother’s higher education significantly improved children appreciation for consuming fish. However, cognitive attitude and conduct to make fish available in family menu did not contribute significantly to children appreciation for consuming fish. It can be concluded that even though mother understands the benefits of fish and makes fish available in family menu, when children unable to feel her preference towards fish, children will not appreciate to consume. Therefore, mother’s preference towards fish needs special considerations, since it positively influence children’s appreciation for consuming fish, which will contribute importantly to children’s well-being.
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN BEKATUL LEBIH TINGGI DARIPADA JUS TOMAT DAN PENURUNAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN SERUM SETELAH INTERVENSI MINUMAN KAYA ANTIOKSIDAN
Authors: Damayanthi Evy , Kustiyah Lilik , Khalid Mahani , Farizal Henry
Published: December 2017

Recently, many foods were identified contain high antioxidant substances such as tomatoes and rice bran. The objectives of this research were to observe their total antioxidant activity values and the effect of intervention of high-antioxidant beverages (tomato juice and rice bran beverage) to total antioxidant activity on breast cyst women patient’s blood serum. Subject consumed each of the beverages for 14 days. Blood samples were taken before the intervention, at the end of tomato juice intervention period and at the end of rice bran beverage intervention period. Total antioxidant activity on serum was determined by DPPH method. The ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity (AEAC) of rice bran greater than tomato juice is 28.74 mg/100g and 1.87 mg/100g respectively. The total antioxidant activity on serum was decreasing after tomato juice intervention (p>0.05) but the decreasing of it was significantly shown after rice bran intervention (p<0.05).
FAKTOR-FAKTOR SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT KAITANNYA DENGAN MASALAH GIZI UNDERWEIGHT, STUNTED, DAN WASTED DI INDONESIA: PENDEKATAN EKOLOGI GIZI
Authors: Ulfani Dian Hani , Martianto Drajat , Baliwati Yayuk Farida
Published: December 2017

Malnutrition is an ecological problem in the sense influenced by various aspects, as explained in the framework of UNICEF (1988). Indonesia as developing country at present still faced such a problem. Eco-nutrition is important to understand related factors affecting malnutrition in Indonesia to find out more effective programs. Eco-nutrition have three key areas : public health (access to quality water, sanitation and health services), socio economic (livelihood assets) and malnutrition. The purpose of this research was to study the linkages between socioeconomic and public health factors with the problem of underweight, stunted, and wasted in Indonesia.This research was conducted using cross-sectional study design, analyzed the 424 districts/cities in Indonesia. Data prevalence of underweight, stunted, wasted, level of education and public health factors (access to quality water, hygiene behavior, utilization of Posyandu, complete immunization coverage, incidence of diarrhea, and the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ARI) obtained from Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas ) 2007. Socio-economic data (level of poverty and GDP/capita) obtained from the Central Statistic Agency (BPS). Statistical test of Pearson correlation and stepwise linear regression method were implemented to understand factors affecting underweight, stunted, wasted and correlation among variables. The study shows that factors affecting underweight were educational level, poverty level, hygiene behavior and use of Posyandu. While factors affecting stunted were GDP/capita, education level, poverty level, hygiene behavior, and utilization of Posyandu. Factors affecting wasted were hygiene behavior, utilization of Posyandu and complete immunization.
PENGETAHUAN DAN PERILAKU KONSUMSI MAHASISWA PUTRA TINGKAT PERSIAPAN BERSAMA IPB TENTANG MONOSODIUM GLUTAMAT DAN KEAMANANNYA
Authors: Saraswati Made Mita Dwi , Hardinsyah Hardinsyah
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to analyze the knowledge and consumption behaviour of the first year boy students of IPB on Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) and its safety. Data were collected using self administered questionnaire. Questionnaires were given to the students through cooperation with one of internal club in IPB’s Dormitory. There were 1 324 questionnaires that were given, but only 808 questionnaires were collected back and 24 of them not filled out completely. Thus there were 784 questionnaires that qualified to be research data. Knowledge on MSG and its safety was classified into 3 levels of knowledge, such as low (<60% of total score), intermediate (60—80% total score), and high (>80% of total score). The results showed that most students have low level of knowledge on the MSG (81.4%) and it’s safety (94.3%). However, most of them frequently consume foods containing MSG (39—86%). Level of knowledge on MSG is not correlated to consumption behavior of MSG (p>0.05).

Key words: consumption behavior, knowledge, Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengetahuan dan perilaku mahasiswa putra Tingkat Persiapan Bersama (TPB) IPB tentang Monosodium Glutamat (MSG) dan keamanannya. Data penelitian diperoleh melalui kuesioner yang diisi sendiri oleh mahasiswa putra. Penyebaran kuesioner dilakukan melalui kerjasama dengan salah satu klub internal Asrama Putra TPB. Kuesioner survei diberikan kepada seluruh mahasiswa putra, yaitu sebanyak 1 324 orang. Jumlah mahasiswa yang mengisi kuesioner adalah 808 orang, namun 24 orang diantara- nya tidak mengisi kuesioner dengan lengkap sehingga diperoleh 784 orang sebagai subjek dalam penelitian ini. Tingkat pengetahuan tentang MSG dan keamanannya diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga, yaitu tingkat pengetahuan kurang (skor total<60%), sedang (skor total 60—80%), dan tinggi (skor total>80%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mahasiswa putra mempunyai tingkat pengetahuan yang rendah tentang MSG (81.4%) dan keamanan MSG (94.3%), namun sebagian besar dari mereka (39—86%) juga sering mengonsumsi makanan yang mengandung MSG. Pengetahuan tentang MSG dan keamanannya tidak berhubungan dengan perilaku konsumsi makanan yang mengandung MSG (p>0.05).

Kata kunci: Monosodium Glutamat (MSG), pengetahuan, perilaku konsumsi
APLIKASI SERBUK WORTEL SEBAGAI SUMBER β-KAROTEN ALAMI PADA PRODUK MI INSTAN
Authors: Marliyati Sri Anna , Sulaeman Ahmad , Rahayu Mega Pramudita
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT

The objective of this research was to study the use of carrot powder as a source of natural β-carotene in instant noodle. Four formulas were developed based on carrot powder level added into the formula (0%, 10%, 15%, and 20%). The carrot instant noodle was evaluated for sensory properties by 30 panelists. The best formula was analyzed for chemical properties, including proximate composition, dietary fibre, and β-carotene. The physical properties were analyzed in color, cooking time, elasticity, and water holding capacity. The experimental design applied terms of Complete Randomized Design. The result showed that instant noodle with 15% carrot powder was the best formula of carrot instant noodle. No significant difference in acceptance between this formula and commercial instant noodles. Product was composed of moisture content 7.75% (wb), ash 1.59% (d.b), protein 12.82% (d.b), fat 1.41% (d.b), carbohydrate 84.18% (d.b) and β-carotene 2 390 μg/100 g (199 RE or 99.5 RAE/serving size). Carrot instant noodle had physical properties as cooking time was 3.5 minutes, the color was yellow-redish, elasticity properties was 162.22%, and water holding capacity was 143.89%. This noodle contribute above 15% RDA of vitamin A for the children aged 4—5 years.

Key words: β-carotene, carrot powder, instant noodle

ABSTRAK

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari penggunaan serbuk wortel sebagai sumber beta karoten alami dalam mi instan. Empat formula dikembangkan berdasarkan jumlah serbuk wortel yang ditambahkan (0%, 10%, 15%, dan 20%). Mi instan wortel dievaluasi sifat organoleptiknya oleh 30 orang panelis. Formula terbaik dianalisis sifat-sifat kimianya meliputi komposisi, serat pangan, dan beta karoten, sedangkan sifat-sifat fisik yang dianalisis adalah warna, waktu masak, elastisitas, dan daya serap air. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mi instan dengan penambahan 15% serbuk wortel merupakan formula terbaik. Tidak ada perbedaan yang nyata dalam penerimaan antara mi instan formula ini dengan mi instan komersial. Produk mi instan ini mengandung air sebesar 7.75% (bb), abu 1.59% (bk), protein 12.82% (bk), lemak 1.41% (bk), karbohidrat 84.18% (bk) dan karoten 2 390 μg/100 g (199 RE atau 99.5 RAE/takaran saji). Mi instan wortel mempunyai sifat-sifat fisik seperti waktu masak 3.5 menit, warna kuning kemerahan, elastisitas 162.22%, dan daya serap air 143.89%. Mi ini berkontribusi sebesar 15% terhadap Angka Kecukupan Gizi vitamin A untuk anak usia 4—5 tahun.

Kata kunci: β-karoten, mi instan, serbuk wortel
PENGETAHUAN GIZI, AKTIVITAS FISIK, DAN TINGKAT KECUKUPAN GIZI AKTIVIS BADAN EKSEKUTIF MAHASISWA (BEM) IPB
Authors: Nurohmi Susi , Amalia Leily
Published: December 2017

The study was aimed to analyze nutrition knowledge, physical activity, and nutrient adequacy level among Excutive Board Students of Bogor Agriculture University (BEM-IPB). The study was conducted since February until May 2012 in Campus of IPB Dramaga, Bogor. The subjects were 86 students, selected purposively from every areas of BEM faculties. The data consisted of individual characteristics, nutrition knowledge, physical activity, and daily food consumption. Data of food consumption was collected by 2x24 recall method at weekend and class day. In average, nutritional status of subjects was categorized as normal (BMI 21.7±2.9 kg/m2). Subjects nutrition knowledge mostly was moderate (79.1%). Physical activity of subjects in general was light (PAL=1.64). This implied to amount of estimated energy requirement which is lower than amount of recommended energy intake for Indonesian people, i.e 2,349 kcal vs 2,550 kcal (for men) and 1,851 kcal vs 1,900 kcal (for women). In general, the means of nutrients adequacy level were adequate, energy and protein (90—110%RDA), and micronutrients of vitamin A, vitamin B, and iron (>77%RDA). However, adequacy level of vitamin C and calsium was still deficient (<77%RDA). Based on %RDA category, there was a different trend in subject distribution between macro dan micronutrients. %RDA of energy and protein were mostly categorized as adequate (40.0% and 33.0% respectively). However, in case of micronutrient, subject categorized as deficient was larger than adequate, especially on vitamin C (77.0% vs 23.0%), calsium (66.0% vs 34%) and iron (55.0% vs 45.0%).
KEADAAN RUMAH, KEBIASAAN MAKAN, STATUS GIZI, DAN STATUS KESEHATAN BALITA DI KECAMATAN TAMANSARI, KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Putri Desti Sagita , Sukandar Dadang
Published: December 2017

The general objective of this study was to analyze house condition, eating habits, nutrition nutritional status and health status of underfive children in Tamansari, Bogor. This research is part of the research entitlet “A Multi-Approach Intervention to Empower and Posyandu Nutritional Program to Combat Malnutrition Problem in Rural Areas” was conducted on February 2012 by a cross sectional study design. Subject of this study were 120 mothers and underfive children selected by purposive sampling with criterias (1) family who have underfive children, (2) registered as posyandu participant, (3) willing for interviewed. The primary data was number of family member, income, age, education, occupation, underfive children gender and age, housing conditions, eating habits, nutritional and health status. The analysis was carried out by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The house condition had significant effect on nutritional status (p<0.05). Eating habits had significant effect on nutritional status (p<0.05). Nutritional status had significant influence to health status (p<0.05).
ALTERNATIF INDEKS GIZI SEIMBANG UNTUK PENILAIAN MUTU GIZI KONSUMSI PANGAN PRIA DEWASA INDONESIA
Authors: Amrin Atika Primadala , Hardinsyah Hardinsyah , Dwiriani Cesilia Meti
Published: December 2017

The study was aimed to develop Balanced Diet Index (BDI) for Indonesian adult males. The spesific purposes of this study were to assess food consumption pattern of Indonesian adult males, to develop several alternatives of BDIs and to select the most appropriate BDI for Indonesian adult males. The design of the study was cross-sectional, using the food consumption data from Basic Health Research 2010 collected using 24-hours recall method. The data covered 64 448 subjects, and 61 129 of them were analyzed in this study. There were 10 alternatives of BDIs developed based on the food group and their intake, and also their scoring systems. The gold standard used to validate the BDI is the mean adequacy ratio (MAR) measured by mean nutrient adequacy of 16 nutrients. The result showed the pearson correlation coefficient of the BDI and MAR range from 0.46 to 0.64. The most appropriate BDI to determine MAR is BDI3-60 (r=0.64). BDI3-60 consists of six food and implementing 3-level of scoring system.
Progress towards a comprehensive approach to maternal and neonatal immunization in the Americas
Authors: Ropero Alvarez Alba Maria , Jauregui Barbara , El Omeiri Nathalie
Published: December 2017

Maternal and neonatal immunization (MNI) is a core component of the new immunization model in the Americas, which transitioned from immunization of children to that of the entire family. Immunization during pregnancy protects the mother and the fetus by providing the neonate with maternal antibodies against disease. It has the potential to impact early childhood morbidity and mortality, and thus MNI has gained visibility and priority on the global health agenda.

The Region of the Americas is a leader in MNI, as seen by its elimination of congenital rubella syndrome in 2015 and the progress made toward neonatal tetanus elimination. In the Americas, 31 countries currently target pregnant women for influenza vaccination; and 21 countries—over 90% of the Region’s birth cohort—have nationwide newborn hepatitis B vaccination.

This paper describes the status of MNI in the Americas and identifies gaps in the evidence, obstacles to optimal implementation, and opportunities for future improvements. Catalysts for MNI in the Region have been political commitment, endorsement by scientific societies, an established “culture of vaccination,” widespread access to antenatal care, and context-specific communications; however, universal and equitable access for pregnant women and their newborns continues to be a formidable challenge, and additional vaccine safety and effectiveness evidence is needed. Continued efforts to integrate MNI with maternal and child health services will be critical to furthering the MNI platform as well.
Origen y destino de recursos del presupuesto de los GADs Municipales: estudio del Cantón Morona
Authors: Ayala Pasquel Sara Nathaly , Zaruma Ávila María Ester , Barragán Sánchez Hilda María
Published: December 2017

Los Gobiernos Autónomos Descentralizados Municipales se crearon con la finalidad de poseer autonomía para planificar y ejecutar proyectos de inversión a través de la obtención y generación de distintas fuentes de ingresos que solventan la ejecución de los mismos de acuerdo a la normativa vigente en Ecuador para contribuir al desarrollo y mejora de la población en el ámbito de su jurisdicción. La investigación brinda información sobre el origen y los tipos de ingresos que adquieren los GAD Municipales y el procedimiento para la obtención, así como, la aplicabilidad y utilización, tomando como base el estudio de la normativa legal vigente, el Código Orgánico de Organización Territorial, el Código Orgánico de Planificación y Finanzas Publicas, entre otros, y la practicidad que realizan los municipios basados en la experiencia y buena gobernabilidad. La metodología utilizada fue el estudio de caso, considerando como objeto de disertación al GAD Municipal del Cantón Morona, analizando la aproximación a las normas legales e investigando las características básicas del caso de estudio, se examinan las fases de elaboración del presupuesto, lo que permite sustentar los datos recogidos en la investigación.  Se ha optado por un estudio de caso en vista que las municipalidades del Ecuador se desenvuelven bajo normas similares con algunos casos de excepciones. Uno de los principales resultados indica que los gastos de inversión, son el tipo de gastos más importante dentro de los GADS ya que en los mismos se refleja el total de recursos invertidos en la ejecución de programas y proyectos en beneficio de la población. Entre otros aspectos se concluye que es fundamental que los contribuyentes tomen conciencia de la importancia de cumplir con las obligaciones tributarias ante la Municipalidad, de tal manera que la entidad pueda gestionar los fondos recaudados por los habitantes para realizar obras que beneficien el crecimiento y desarrollo su jurisdicción.
PERAN KOMITE SEKOLAH DALAM MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH DI SD ISLAM TERPADU BUAH HATI KABUPATEN PEMALANG
Authors: Amarin Amarin , Sunandar Sunandar , Miyono Noor
Published: December 2017

The purpose of this research is to gain an overview of the role of the school committee in the implementation of School Based Management in Elementary School Buah Hati District of Pemalang. The focus of research is the role of the school committee in the implementation of School Based Management with sub focus the role of the school committee as a conduit of consideration, the school committee as a support, the school committee as a controller, the school committee as a mediator in Elementary School Buah Hati District of Pemalang.Results showed the role of communities in School Based Management has a strategic role means that the school committee acts as a conduit of consideration in the form of ideas, input, aspirations, involvement in school programs, serve as a support in terms of funding, supporting school activities, imaging either to the surrounding community, the role of controlling which act as watchdogs of the budget in the form of reports, supervisory activities, acting as a liaison between multiple mediators that school with parents, education authorities and the public. Elementary School Buah Hati has a principle of independence, accountability, transparency, and strong partnerships that school that provides easy access to information to the school community and the public on what is being done with school by utilizing various communication channels. Constraint of the school committee in the implementation of school-based management is the lack of communication between the school and the school committee because of lack of time owned by the school committee.
EMPREENDEDORISMO NO ÂMBITO DA ASSOCIAÇÃO NACIONAL DE PROTEÇÃO DE CARROS – UM ESTUDO DE CASO NUMA EMPRESA DE PROTEÇÃO VEICULAR NA CIDADE DE ITURAMA-MG
Authors: Belarmino Antoniel , Alves Janaíne , Queiroz Jusceni De Fatima Aparecida , Duarte Silvana
Published: December 2017

No processo de desenvolvimento é imprescindível o reconhecimento das potencialidades humanas, por isso a importância do empreendedor no associativismo para a reconstrução do desenvolvimento local e global, através da construção de laços solidários de colaboração e conscientização que o ser humano é o sujeito ativo do seu próprio desenvolvimento. Este trabalho tem por objetivo caracterizar empreendedorismo e associativismo e demonstrar através de pesquisa e estudo de caso as vantagens desse tipo de empreendimento para o desenvolvimento econômico e social no mundo dos negócios. Como procedimentos metodológicos, foram utilizados: levantamento bibliográfico, e por meio de uma pesquisa descritiva com abordagem qualitativa, foi formada uma entrevista semiestruturada, e para o tratamento dos dados utilizou-se como técnica a análise de conteúdo. Por fim identifica-se importância do empreendedorismo e associativismo, para melhorar as condições de vida de um determinado local, uma vez que a troca de experiência e o trabalho em conjunto, oportunizam crescimento e desenvolvimento econômico e social.
CONTROLE INTERNO PARA A IMPLANTAÇÃO E MANUTENÇÃO DO PLANEJAMENTO RURAL DA PROPRIEDADE SÍTIO SÃO PEDRO
Authors: Brandão Keslley de Albuquerque , Teixeira Mariana Dábila da Silva , Harano Fernando Takeo
Published: December 2017

A busca pelo progresso e eficiência na aplicação de um Controle Interno e Planejamento é o que embasa esse projeto, a necessidade de conseguir informações atualizadas e adequar uma propriedade rural a uma gestão que funcione de maneira adequada, permitindo que o proprietário usufrua da melhor forma possível de seu empreendimento. Desta forma, o objetivo geral é demonstrar que mesmo uma pequena propriedade rural deve ter um Controle Interno e um Planejamento eficaz, capaz de satisfazer a necessidade da mesma, para que a administração entenda qual a necessidade de cada destinação (agrícola ou pecuária). Foi realizado em nosso trabalho um estudo de caso na propriedade Sitio São Pedro, com observação participante, de forma a demonstrar a realidade estudada, onde se conheceu toda a empresa, suas normas, cultura, atividades, de forma a contribuir para a transformação e/ou implementação do meio pesquisado. O cenário estudado mostrou que o controle interno é de suma importância para que tudo seja realizado dentro de procedimentos adequados para que se atingisse o que se projetou.
Model Pemberdayaan Masyarakat melalui Pengolahan Kopi di Desa Mandiri Energi
Authors: Purwanto Yohanes Aris , Murtilaksono Kukuh , Yusuf Sri Malahayati
Published: December 2017

Development of energy self-sufficient village based on the local resources is purposed to reduce the poverty, to create the job opportunities as well as to substitute the fossil fuels. Energy self-sufficient village is also as sociated with the development of the productive economy. For the areas closed to national park, the development of the productive economy is important because it can reduce community activities for reaching the forest. Lebakpicung is energy self-sufficient village based on microhydro. This village has potency on coffee production. However, only dried coffee beans are produced from this village. The purpose of this community empowerment activity in Energy self-sufficient village was to utilize idle electricity from microhydro during day time as energy resource for coffee processing. This activity was carried out through training activity on the use of coffee processing machinery and packaging technology. The training participants were the community members who has activity on coffee processing.
Karakterisasi Lima Galur Cabai Hias dalam Rangka Pendaftaran Varietas Hasil Pemuliaan
Authors: , Sulassih , Syukur Muhamad , , Sobir , Maharijaya Awang , Hakim Abdul , , Ratih
Published: December 2017

Chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is vegetable which hashigh variability. Itcan be usedfor spicy and ornamentalplant. The aim of this study isto obtain both quantitative and qualitative dataof five lines ornamental chili pepper for plant protection program and new variety. Clustering analyzed using NTSYS 2.0 software and principle component analyzed using MINITAB 16.2.1. Clustering analysis showed five groups of chili pepper base on 75% coefficient similarity with 0.95 goodnest of fit. The groups are consist of group A for Ayesha, group B for Syakira and Namira, group C forSeroja, group D forJelita and group E for Lembayung. Principle component analysis showed cumulative value at 0.778 on PC3. The characters which made the groups are purple stem color (0.233), greenupper leaves color (-0.232), purplelower leaves color (0.232), redmature fruit color (0.266), short fruit size (0.266), and medium seed size (-0.338). Ayesa have triangular fruit shape and obtuse shape apex.Jelita recorded sparse habitus, small fruit, shortened internode, and short plant. Namira have shortened internode but Syakira showed intermediate habitus and dont have shortened internode. Lembayung showed purple on upper and lower leaves, stem, stigma, corolla, immature fruit and orange on fruit mature. Ayesha, Namira, Seroja, Jelita and Lembayung potential for plant variety registration as new variety.Keywords: Ayesha, Jelita, Lembayung, Namira, Seroja, Syakira
Pewarisan Sifat Ketahanan Cabai terhadap Infestasi Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Daryanto Ady , Syukur Muhamad , Maharijaya Awang , Hidayat Purnama
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTAphis gossypii Glover is one of the major pests of chili pepper and can cause damage up to 65% when the population is not controlled. The objective of this research was to elucidate the genetic control of resistance inheritance character of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) to A. gossypii. Set a population of six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BCP1, BCP2 was established from a cross between IPB C20 (resistant parent) with IPB C313 (susceptible parent). Choice test based experiments was applied with two aphids per leaf on a five-week-old seedlings. The results showed that based on number of individual aphids per plant, segregation of resistance and susceptibility characters in the F2 fitted to the normal distribution, indicated that resistance controlled by polygenic genes. Subsequently based of scaling test analysis, resistance characteristics based on the number of aphids per plant categorized overdominan against resistant parent and controlled by many genes. Genes effect for controlling resistance to A. gossypii infestation was recessive. Broad-sense heritability was relatively large for the infestation of aphids per plant, aphids per leaf, and winged aphids while the narrow sense heritability relatively very low on the infestation aphids per plant and per leaf, indicated by the dominant variance was greater than additive variance.Keywords: action genes, Capsicum annuum, dominant varience, heritabilityABSTRAKKutudaun Aphis gossypii Glover adalah salah satu hama pengganggu penting dalam produksi tanaman cabai. Saat populasi kutudaun tidak terkendali dapat menyebabkan kerusakan tanaman cabai hingga 65%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari kendali genetik pewarisan sifat ketahanan cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) terhadap infestasi A. gossypii. Set populasi enam generasi (P1, P2, F1, F2, BCP1, BCP2) dibentuk dari persilangan tetua P1 (IPB C20) dengan nilai infestasi rendah dan tetua P2 (IPB C313) yang bernilai infestasi tinggi. Metode skrining yang digunakan adalah choice test. Jumlah kutudaun yang diinfestasikan adalah dua ekor per daun pada bibit berumur lima minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter ketahanan cabai terhadap infestasi kutudaun berdasarkan jumlah A. gossypii per tanaman ialah tetua rentan overdominan terhadap tetua tahan dan dikendalikan oleh banyak gen. Gen-gen pengendali ketahanan terhadap infestasi A. gossypii adalah resesif. Nilai heritabilitas arti luas tergolong besar untuk infestasi kutudaun per tanaman, kutudaun per daun, dan kutudaun bersayap, sedangkan heritabilitas arti sempit tergolong sangat rendah pada infestasi kutudaun per tanaman dan per daun yang ditunjukkan oleh proposi ragam dominan lebih besar dibandingkan ragam aditif.Kata kunci: aksi gen, Capsicum annuum, heritabilitas, ragam dominan
What Is So “Hot” in Heatmap? Qualitative Code Cluster Analysis with Foursquare Venue
Authors: Hong Ilyoung , Jung Jin-Kyu
Published: December 2017

Foursquare is a popular Web service and a representative location-based social network (LBSN) service using position data. Heatmap is a widely used means of geovisualization for analyzing social data with locational values. Until now, heatmap analysis of LBSN has focused on identifying quantitative distribution and patterns, with little consideration of the qualitative analysis of data content. Based on a case study of Foursquare venues and user-created content in Seattle, WA, this study conducts analyses assessing both the quantitative spatial distribution and the qualitative characteristics of coffee shops in the Seattle metropolitan area. It specifically proposes a new analytical method referred to as “code cluster,” which is designed to employ quantitative and qualitative approaches simultaneously. The significance of this method is its capacity to explain geographical differences in terms of qualitative traits in cluster regions, in addition to analyzing their spatial characteristics and distributions. In introducing this new hybrid approach, our aims are to reflect the original intent and essence of the data throughout the research process and to make further efforts to analyze and interpret the contextualized meanings. This will be possible through integration of advanced spatial analysis, geovisualization, and qualitative research that build on current geographic and geovisual research with big data.
Der Einsatz von Lean-Prinzipien im Anlagenaufbau
Authors: Oprach Svenja , Dlouhy Janosch
Published: December 2017

Kurzfassung

An Anlagenaufbauprojekte werden zunehmend komplexere Anforderungen gestellt bei zugleich möglichst kurzen Projektzeiträumen. Um einen stabilen Bauablauf zu ermöglichen, erfordert dies ein transparentes und effizientes Projektmanagement. Die Übertragung der Lean-Prinzipien aus der Produktion oder dem Bauwesen auf den Anlagenaufbau kann hierbei als ein wesentlicher Befähiger gesehen werden. Anhand eines Beispielprojekts werden in diesem Beitrag die Vorteile von „Lean Equipment“ aufgezeigt.
Effect of Variation in Nestling Hunger Levels on the Begging Behaviour of Nestlings and the Provisioning Behaviour of Adult American Kestrels
Authors: Watson Katheryn A. , Ritchison Gary
Published: December 2017

Little is known about how variation in nestling begging intensity influences the behaviour of adult raptors and how responses of adult males and females to such variation might differ. Our objective was to manipulate the begging intensity of nestling American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) and examine the responses of adults. We studied 12 pairs of American Kestrels nesting in nest boxes from 1 March to 1 July 2014 at the Blue Grass Army Depot, Madison County, Kentucky. Nest boxes were modified with a separate compartment for a camcorder to record nestling behaviour, and a second camcorder was placed outside the nests to monitor adult behaviour. To manipulate nestling hunger levels, 12 to 26-day-old nestlings in six nests were deprived of food for 24 h and those in the other six nests were fed until satiated. At each nest, we alternated control (no treatment) and treatment (fed or food deprived) days over a 4 day period to minimise the possible effect of nestling age on adult and nestling behaviour. Nestling begging intensity differed among treatments, with nestlings in food-deprived nests begging with greater intensity after food deprivation and those in fed-treatment nests begging with less intensity after being fed. Adult male and female American Kestrels provisioned nestlings at similar rates, with both sexes feeding nestlings at higher rates after food deprivation and at lower rates after fed treatments. Thus, the begging behaviour of nestling American Kestrels varied with hunger level, and adult American Kestrels responded by adjusting provisioning rates. Although the response of adults to nestling begging suggests that natural selection might favour ‘dishonest’ begging to obtain more food, the potential costs of ‘dishonest’ begging, such as attracting predators, reduced immunocompetence, and loss of indirect fitness benefits if such begging negatively impacts siblings and parents, may outweigh any possible benefit.
Challenges Caused by the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in the Air Traffic Management
Authors: Sándor Zsolt
Published: December 2017

The increasing number of unmanned aerial vehicle poses new challenges in the aviation industry especially the air traffic control, which is responsible for the safe flight operations in the controlled airspaces. In order to protect the conventional aircraft a new operation environment has to be created, which guarantee the safe flying and the possibility of the fulfilment of the flight. In the article drone related safety and operational problems are highlighted. All issue connected to the coexistence of manned and unmanned aircrafts are critical, thus their management have significant importance.Spread and wide use of unmanned aerial vehicle traffic management systems (UTM) can manage the critical operational issues, but is has to be defined that what is the problem, what is the scope, what is the operational environment. Services and functions related to the operation of the UTM system are defined, which are necessary for the safe flying fulfilled by the unmanned vehicles.
Impact of Glycerol as Carbon Source onto Specific Sugar and Inducer Uptake Rates and Inclusion Body Productivity in E. coli BL21(DE3)
Authors: Kopp Julian , Slouka Christoph , Ulonska Sophia , Kager Julian , Fricke Jens , Spadiut Oliver , Herwig Christoph
Published: December 2017

The Gram-negative bacterium E. coli is the host of choice for a multitude of used recombinant proteins. Generally, cultivation is easy, media are cheap, and a high product titer can be obtained. However, harsh induction procedures using isopropyl β-d-1 thiogalactopyranoside as inducer are often referred to cause stress reactions, leading to a phenomenon known as “metabolic” or “product burden”. These high expressions of recombinant proteins mainly result in decreased growth rates and cell lysis at elevated induction times. Therefore, approaches tend to use “soft” or “tunable” induction with lactose and reduce the stress level of the production host. The usage of glucose as energy source in combination with lactose as induction reagent causes catabolite repression effects on lactose uptake kinetics and as a consequence reduced product titer. Glycerol—as an alternative carbon source—is already known to have positive impact on product formation when coupled with glucose and lactose in auto-induction systems, and has been referred to show no signs of repression when cultivated with lactose concomitantly. In recent research activities, the impact of different products on the lactose uptake using glucose as carbon source was highlighted, and a mechanistic model for glucose-lactose induction systems showed correlations between specific substrate uptake rate for glucose or glycerol (qs,C) and the maximum specific lactose uptake rate (qs,lac,max). In this study, we investigated the mechanistic of glycerol uptake when using the inducer lactose. We were able to show that a product-producing strain has significantly higher inducer uptake rates when being compared to a non-producer strain. Additionally, it was shown that glycerol has beneficial effects on viability of cells and on productivity of the recombinant protein compared to glucose.
Disturbed Glucose Metabolism in Rat Neurons Exposed to Cerebrospinal Fluid Obtained from Multiple Sclerosis Subjects
Authors: Mathur Deepali , María-Lafuente Eva , Ureña-Peralta Juan , Sorribes Lucas , Hernández Alberto , Casanova Bonaventura , López-Rodas Gerardo , Coret-Ferrer Francisco , Burgal-Marti Maria
Published: December 2017

Axonal damage is widely accepted as a major cause of permanent functional disability in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). In relapsing-remitting MS, there is a possibility of remyelination by myelin producing cells and restoration of neurological function. The purpose of this study was to delineate the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning axonal injury through hitherto unknown factors present in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that may regulate axonal damage, remyelinate the axon and make functional recovery possible. We employed primary cultures of rat unmyelinated cerebellar granule neurons and treated them with CSF obtained from MS and Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) patients. We performed microarray gene expression profiling to study changes in gene expression in treated neurons as compared to controls. Additionally, we determined the influence of gene-gene interaction upon the whole metabolic network in our experimental conditions using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) program. Our findings revealed the downregulated expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism in MS-derived CSF-treated neurons and upregulated expression of genes in NMO-derived CSF-treated neurons. We conclude that factors in the CSF of these patients caused a perturbation in metabolic gene(s) expression and suggest that MS appears to be linked with metabolic deformity.
Electrodeposition of Copper/Carbonous Nanomaterial Composite Coatings for Heat-Dissipation Materials
Authors: Goto Yasuki , Kamebuchi Yota , Hagio Takeshi , Kamimoto Yuki , Ichino Ryoichi , Bessho Takeshi
Published: December 2017

Carbonous nanomaterials are promising additives for composite coatings for heat-dissipation materials because of their excellent thermal conductivity. Here, copper/carbonous nanomaterial composite coatings were prepared using nanodiamond (ND) as the carbonous nanomaterial. The copper/ND composite coatings were electrically deposited onto copper substrates from a continuously stirred copper sulfate coating bath containing NDs. NDs were dispersed by ultrasonic treatment, and the initial bath pH was adjusted by adding sodium hydroxide solution or sulfuric acid solution before electrodeposition. The effects of various coating conditions—the initial ND concentration, initial bath pH, stirring speed, electrical current density, and the amount of electricity—on the ND content of the coatings were investigated. Furthermore, the surface of the NDs was modified by hydrothermal treatment to improve ND incorporation. A higher initial ND concentration and a higher stirring speed increased the ND content of the coatings, whereas a higher initial bath pH and a greater amount of electricity decreased it. The electrical current density showed a minimum ND content at approximately 5 A/dm2. Hydrothermal treatment, which introduced carboxyl groups onto the ND surface, improved the ND content of the coatings. A copper/ND composite coating with a maximum of 3.85 wt % ND was obtained.
A New Lightweight Watchdog-Based Algorithm for Detecting Sybil Nodes in Mobile WSNs
Authors: Almas Shehni Rezvan , Faez Karim , Eshghi Farshad , Kelarestaghi Manoochehr
Published: December 2017

Wide-spread deployment of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) necessitates special attention to security issues, amongst which Sybil attacks are the most important ones. As a core to Sybil attacks, malicious nodes try to disrupt network operations by creating several fabricated IDs. Due to energy consumption concerns in WSNs, devising detection algorithms which release the sensor nodes from high computational and communicational loads are of great importance. In this paper, a new computationally lightweight watchdog-based algorithm is proposed for detecting Sybil IDs in mobile WSNs. The proposed algorithm employs watchdog nodes for collecting detection information and a designated watchdog node for detection information processing and the final Sybil list generation. Benefiting from a newly devised co-presence state diagram and adequate detection rules, the new algorithm features low extra communication overhead, as well as a satisfactory compromise between two otherwise contradictory detection measures of performance, True Detection Rate (TDR) and False Detection Rate (FDR). Extensive simulation results illustrate the merits of the new algorithm compared to a couple of recent watchdog-based Sybil detection algorithms.