bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUMAN HEALTH AND POLLUTION
Authors: Sengupta Geetali
Published: February 2021

"Healthy mind resides in a healthy body." Good health is an invaluable fund for every human being, an unbreakable bond of longevity and good health. In this context, the definition given by the World Health Organization is universally accepted - "Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and mere absence of disease or infirmity cannot be considered health." That is, for a normal person, health In healthy environment, in healthy family, healthy body is inhabited by healthy mind.The beauty of the natural environment is deteriorated by trees - plants, animals - animals, rivers - ponds, mountains - oceans. There is an unbreakable bond between environment and man. Pollution problems are worldwide. This huge and terrible problem has put public life in jeopardy, from local organizations and individuals to United Nations UNO. Till is worried about this problem.This problem is mainly due to science. Today the situation is so dire that man craves for pure air, his life is getting worse, and the natural seasonal cycle has also changed, which has been seen to have a burrow effect on human health and he must be suffering from some disease. Is found afflicted.

‘‘स्वस्थ्य शरीर में ही स्वस्थ्य मन का निवास होता है।’’ उत्तम स्वास्थ्य प्रत्येक मनुष्य के लिए अमूल्य निधि है, दीर्घ आयु एवं उत्तम स्वास्थ्य का अटूट बंधन है। इस संदर्भ में विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन द्वारा दी गई परिभाषा सर्वमान्य है -’’ स्वास्थ्य संपूर्ण शारीरिक, मानसिक व सामाजिक निरोगता की अवस्था हैं तथा मात्र बीमारी या दुर्बलता की अनुपस्थिति को स्वास्थ्य नही माना जा सकता है।’’ अर्थात स्वास्थ्य एक सामान्य व्यक्ति के लिए स्वस्थ्य वातावरण में, स्वस्थ्य परिवार में, स्वस्थ्य शरीर में स्वस्थ्य दिमाग का वास है। प्राकृतिक वातावरण की संुदरता पेड़ - पौधे, जीव - जंतुओ, नदी - तालाब, पर्वत - सागरों से बनती बिगड़ती हैं। पर्यावरण और मनुष्य का अटूट बंधन है। प्रदूषण की समस्या विश्वव्यापी हैं इस विकराल एवं भयावह समस्या ने जन जीवन को संकट में डाल दिया है स्थानीय संगठनों व व्यक्तियों से लेकर संयुक्त राष्ट्रसंध यू.एन.ओ. तक इस समस्या से चितिंत है। यह समस्या मुख्य रूप से विज्ञान की देन है। आज स्थिति इतनी विकराल है कि मनुष्य शुध्द हवा के लिए तरसता है, उसका जीना दूभर हो रहा है, तथा प्राकृतिक ऋतुु चक्र में भी परिवर्तन हो गया है, जिसका मानव स्वास्थ्य पर बुरो प्रभाव देखा जा रहा है और वह कोई न कोई बीमारी से अवश्य ही ग्रसित पाया जाता है।
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
Authors: Panwar Nisha
Published: February 2021

The earth has collected unlimited possibilities in itself. By imagining many of the various diversities of nature, it is possible that the possibilities are side by side or opposition implies that the earth was on the top of agricultural land, water tree, animal and food, but limited due to uncontrolled consumption of human beings. In fact we can properly manage these assets with our efforts, making it useful for the future.Biodiversity is the result of the ecological biome, or the diversity of forms of life in a whole house. Biodiversity is a manifestation of the health of a biological system.

पृथ्वीअपनेमेंअसीमसंभावनाएं एकत्रित कियेहुए है । प्रकृति के अनेकानेकविविधताओं की कल्पनाकरहीइसबातका पता लगायाजासकताहैकिसंभावनाएंपक्ष की है या विपक्ष की तात्पर्यपृथ्वीपरअथाहकृषिभूमि, जल वृक्ष, जीव-जन्तुतथा खाद्य पदार्थथे, परन्तुमानव के अनियंत्रित उपभोग के कारण ये सीमितहोगयेहै । परवास्तवमेंहमअपनेप्रयासों से इनसंपदाओंकाउचितप्रबंध करइसेभविष्य के लिए उपयोगीबनासकतेहै । जैवविविधताकिसीदियेगयेपारिस्थितिकीतंत्र बायोम, या एक पूरेगृहमें जीवन के रूपों की विभिन्नताकापरिणामहै । जैवविविधताकिसीजैविकतंत्र के स्वास्थ्य का घोतकहै ।
POLLUTION IN RIVERS AND US
Authors: Agnihotri Vandana
Published: February 2021

Saving water is a matter of concern for everyone, scientific politicians, intellectuals, creators are all concerned, how can water be saved? The world has to save the earth, trees, forests, mountains, air, water. Saving water is very important. Earth can be saved, trees, forests, mountains and humans, animals, birds can all survive, if water is saved and water is on earth, how much? 97.94% of all the water available on the earth is saline water of the sea, which is not potable, 1/8% water is present in the form of ice on the fumes and the potable sweet water is only 0.88 which is continuously polluting. 'Water is life', water is nectaric, therefore water is praised in the Vedas.We are expressing our gratitude towards water, what are we doing for their protection? Saraswati had already disappeared, Ganga and Yamuna are also getting polluted on the banks of metros, their basic existence is in danger, Narmada is also getting polluted slowly. All rivers are shrinking. Sometimes people used to live in harmony with the rivers. When man was uncivilized, the rivers were healthy and clean.

जल को बचाए रखना सभी की चिन्ता का विषय है, वैज्ञानिक राजनेता, बुद्धिजीवी, रचनाकार सभी की चिन्ता है, जल कैसे बचे ? दुनियाँ को अर्थात पृथ्वी को वृक्षों को, जंगलो को, पहाड़ों को, हवा को, पानी को बचाना है। पानी को बचाया जाना बहुत जरूरी है। पृथ्वी बच सकती है, वृक्ष जंगल, पहाड़ और मनुष्य, पषु, पक्षी सब बच सकते है, यदि पानी को बचा लिया गया और पानी पृथ्वी पर है ही कितना? पृथ्वी पर उपलब्ध सारे पानी का 97ण्4ः पानी समुद्र का खारा जल है, जो पीने लायक नही है, 1ण्8ः जल धु्रवों पर बर्फ के रूप में विद्यमान है और पीने लायक मीठा पानी केवल 0ण्8ः है जो निरंतर प्रदूषित होता जा रहा है। ‘जल ही जीवन है’, जल अमृतमय है वेदों में इसलिए जल की अभ्यर्थना की गई है।जल के प्रति कृतज्ञता तो हम व्यक्त कर रहे है, उनकी रक्षार्थ क्या कर रहे है ? सरस्वती तो पहले ही लुप्त हो गई थी, गंगा और यमुना भी महानगरों के किनारे प्रदूषित होती जा रही है उनका मूल अस्तित्व ही खतरे में है, नर्मदा भी धीरे-धीरे प्रदूषित हो रही है। कमोवेष सभी नदियाँ सिकुडती जा रही है। कभी लोग नदियों के साथ सामंजस्य से रहा करते थे । जब मनुष्य असभ्य था, तब नदियाँ स्वस्थ और स्वच्छ थी।
EFFECTS OF HEAVY METALS ON HUMAN HEALTHEFFECTS OF HEAVY METALS ON HUMAN HEALTH
Authors: Mahurpawar Manju
Published: February 2021

Some heavy metals have bio-importance as trace elements but the biotoxic effects of many of them in human biochemistry are of great concern. Hence, there is a need for proper understanding of mechanism involved, such as the concentrations and oxidation states, which make them harmful. It is also important to know their sources, leaching processes, chemical conversions and their modes of deposition in polluting the environment, which essentially supports life. Literature sources point to the fact that these metals are released into the environment by both natural and anthropogenic means, especially mining and industrial activities, and automobile exhausts. They leach into the underground waters, moving along water pathways and eventually depositing in the aquifer, or are washed away by run-off into surface waters thereby resulting in water and subsequently soil pollution. Poisoning and toxicity in ecosystem occur frequently through exchange and co-ordination mechanisms. When ingested, they form stable biotoxic compounds, thereby mutilating their structures and hindering bioreactions of their functions. This paper reviews certain heavy metals and their impact and biotoxic effects on man.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE ROLES OF STAKEHOLDERS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SAMARES ECOTOURISM IN BIAK NUMFOR REGENCY
Authors: Hakim Gunardi Hamdani , Sunarminto Tutut , Santoso Nyoto
Published: February 2021

Samares is a coastal area in the villages of Sepse and Imndi in the East Biak District, Papua. Samares has several natural tourism objects that have the potential to be used for ecotourism activities. However, the current condition of the potency for ecotourism has not been well developed. Stakeholders participation was analyzed to identify and map the stakeholders’ involvement and to formulate the role of stakeholders in the development of ecotourism in Samares. This research was conducted in Sepse Village from June to August 2019. Data were obtained from field observations, literature review, questionnaires and semi-directive interview. The data were analyzed using scoring technique to determine interest and influence of stakeholders.  The results showed that there were 16 stakeholders involved in the development of ecotourism in Samares, which were categorized as subjects, key players, context setters, and crowds. Stakeholders consist of provincial and district government, NGO, community, and private entities. To enhance the development of ecotourism in Samares, increased collaboration of programs, synchronization and coordination that ecotourism management can be conducted unitedly and efficiently, increase stakeholders’ participation, and increasing tourism promotion activities in Samares.

 

Keywords: cooperation, ecotourism, optimization, Samares, stakeholders’ role.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA BERBASIS PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK UNTUK SISWA SMA
Authors: Apriadi Raden , Andayani Yayuk , Muntari Muntari
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul pembelajaran kimia berbasis pendekatan saintifik yang layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran di dalam kelas. Modul pembelajaran kimia dikembangkan pada materi pokok asam dan basa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah research and develovement (R&D). Model pengembangannya menggunakan model Borg and Gall yang dimodifikasi dengan model Dick and Carrey. Tahapan pengembangan modul pembelajaran kimia terdiri dari: analisis kebutuhan, analisis pembelajaran, karakteristik siswa, dan perumusan tujuan (indikator hasil belajar), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengembangan produk awal (desain produk), validasi desain, perbaikan desain (revisi), dan uji coba produk. Uji coba dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui kelayakan modul secara empiris, uji coba dilaksanakan di dua sekolah dengan menggunakan dua kelas pada masing-masing sekolah, yaitu kelas XI IPA 1 dan XI IPA 2 SMA Negeri 1 Bayan dan XI IPA 1 dan XI IPA 3 SMA Negeri 1 Gangga. Hasil uji coba modul pembelajaran kimia selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan rumus rata-rata dan disesuaikan dengan tabel kriteria validasi. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini yaitu modul pembelajaran kimia berbasis pendekatan saintifik yang dikembangkan dikategorikan baik dan layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran di dalam kelas.
KEMASAN PINTAR PENDETEKSI KESEGARAN BUAH SEMANGKA POTONG DARI EKSTRAK KAYU SECANG (Caesalpinia sappan L.)
Authors: Suryanegara Muhammad Ardiyansyah , Apriliyanti Mulia Winirsya , Sasmita Irene Ratri Andia , Nisa Ainun Karimatun
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

 

Many supermarkets which sell the packaged-sliced watermelons use plastic styrofoam wrap. Moreover, to determine the freshness or quality of the packaged-sliced watermelons needs the packaging technology that cannot not only function as packaging, but can also give information regarding the change of the packaged foodstuffs which is known as smart packaging. This research aims to determine the color stability of the smart packaging that contains sappan wood extracts and the relationship of packaging color change to deterioration of sliced watermelon viewed from the characteristics of total solids, total acids, and pH during storages. The results show that the color change of smart packaging containing sappan wood extracts,  from red into orange was in line with the decreasing of total solids, pH, and the increasing of total acid of sliced watermelon for 2 days. On 2nd days, total solids value decreased from 8.70 obrix to 5.60 obrix, while the total acid value increased from 2.24% to 4.72%, this conditions was in accordance with the decreasing of pH value from 6.04 to 4,43 of sliced watermelons.

 

Keywords: Sappan wood Extract, smart packaging, Slice watermelon.

 

ABSTRAK

 

Banyak supermarket yang menjual semangka potong yang dikemas menggunakan styrofoam berplastik wrap. Untuk mengetahui kesegaran atau kualitas semangka potong dalam kemasan, diperlukan teknologi pengemasan yang tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai wadah, tetapi juga dapat memberikan informasi tekait perubahan bahan pangan yang dikemas yang dikenal dengan kemasan pintar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kestabilan warna kemasan pintar yang mengandung ekstrak kayu secang dan hubungan perubahan warna kemasan dengan penurunan mutu semangka potong yang dilihat dari karakteristik nilai total padatan, total asam, dan pH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadinya perubahan warna kemasan pintar yang mengandung ekstrak kayu secang dari merah menjadi oranye seiring dengan penurunan nilai total padatan, peningkatan nilai total asam, dan penurunan nilai pH dari semangka potong selama 2 hari. Pada hari ke-2 nilai total padatan menurun dari 8,70 obrix menjadi 5,60 obrix, sedangkan nilai total asam meningkat dari 2,24% menjadi 4,72%, hal ini sejalan dengan menurunnya nilai pH dari 6,04 menjadi 4,43 pada semangka potong yang diamati.

 

Kata kunci:  Ekstrak kayu secang, Kemasan pintar, semangka
KAJIAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN TINGKAT KESUKAAN TEH DAUN INSULIN (Smallanthus sonchifolius) PADA BERBAGAI SUHU PENGERINGAN
Authors: Naimah St. Yatun , - Nazaruddin , Cicilia Siska
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of drying temperature on antioxidant activity of insulin leaves. This study was designed using a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 6 treatments, drying temperature, namely T1 (35oC), T2 (40oC), T3 (45oC), T4 (50oC), T5 (55oC), and T6 (60oC) and it was repeated 3 times. The parameter observed were chemical properties (moisture content, antioxidant activity), physical property (value of oHue) and organoleptic properties (color, taste and odor) of insulin leaves tea.  Data from observations were analyzed using Anova at 5% significance level using Co-stat software. If there was significant differences, a further Polynomial Orthogonal (for chemical properties) and Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) (for value of oHue and organoleptic properties). The results showed increasing of drying temperature cause significant reduction in moisture content, antioxidant activity and organoleptic value of tea. The third treatment (45oC) was the best treatment with moisture content value of 17.14%, antioxidant activity 35%, and can be accepted by panelist.

 

Keywords: antioxidant activity, drying temperature, insulin leaves

 

ABSTRAK

 

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efek suhu pengeringan terhadap aktivitas antioksidan dan sifat organoleptik teh daun insulin. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dan  6 perlakuan yaitu suhu pengeringan 35oC, 40oC, 45oC, 50oC, 55oC, dan 60oC dengan 3 kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi sifat kimia (kadar air, aktivitas antioksidan), sifat fisik (warna), dan sifat organoleptik (aroma, warna, dan rasa). Hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan Anova pada taraf 5% menggunakan Co-stat serta uji lanjut Polinomial Orthoginal (sifat kimia) dan Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) (sifat fisik dan organoleptik). Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa kenaikan suhu pengeringan pada pembuatan teh daun insulin menyebabkan penurunan pada kadar air, aktivitas antioksidan, dan nilai organoleptik teh tersebut. Suhu pengeringan 45oC merupakan perlakuan terbaik dengan nilai kadar air 17,41%; aktivitas antioksidan 35%; dan masih disukai panelis.
Medellín: inspiração e raízes
Authors: Beozzo José Oscar
Published: February 2021

O artigo estuda as raízes e a inspiração de Medellín, examinando os passos dados pelo CELAM, durante o Concílio Vaticano II, para assegurar sua realização. Mostra o papel desempenhado pelo método utilizado na II Conferência, que coloca em primeiro plano a realidade sócio-econômica e política do continente, retomando-a à luz da palavra de Deus e do Concílio e desembocando em propostas de ação pastoral. Examina a recepção fiel, criativa e seletiva dos documentos do Concílio Vaticano II nas Conclusões de Medellín (Igreja dos pobres, CEBs, Educação libertadora) e a influência nelas exercida por documentos pontifícios, como a encíclica Populorum Progressio e os Discursos de Paulo VI, durante o Congresso Eucarístico de Bogotá. Conclui, analisando as principais lacunas de Medellín, no campo da história, da Bíblia e das culturas e resgatando sua relevância para a posterior caminhada da Igreja Latino-americana e caribenha.

Abstract: The article studies the roots and the inspiration of Medellín, examining the steps taken by CELAM, during the second Vatican Council, to ensure its realization. It shows the role played out by the method utilized in the second Conference, which places in the foreground the socio-economic and political reality of the continent, taking it up again in the light of the word of God and of the Council giving way to proposals of pastoral action. It examines the faithful, Creative and selective reception of the documents of the Vatican Coucil II in the conclusions of Medellín (Church of the poor, CEBs, liberating education) and the infiuence put into action through pontifical documents such as the Encyclical Populorum Progressio and the discourses of Pope Paul VI during the eucharistic Congress in Bogotá. In conclusion, it analyzes the main lacunas of Medellín, in the field of history, the Bible and the cultures and it salvages the relevance for thefurther way ofthe Latiu American and Caribbean Church.
INVENTARIS JAMUR KONSUMSI DAN BERACUN DI PERKEBUNAN SAWIT KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS
Authors: Eka Lokaria
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian mengetahui jenis–jenis jamur yang dapat dikonsumsi dan beracun di PT Bina Sains Cemerlang, Kabupaten Musi. Metode yang digunakan observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan eksplorasi kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis jamur yang dapat dimakan yakni Poliotha mutabilis, Coprinus comatus, Schizophyllum commune, Pleorotus ostreatus, Volvarielle volvacea dan Auricularia polytricha. Jenis jamu beracun yakni: Hidnum repandum, Trametes versicolor, Mycena hiemalis, Lentinus conatus, Marasmius remealis, Dacryopinax spathularia, Polyporus squamosus, Pycnoporus annabarinus, Fuligo septica dan Cortinarius sanguenius
INFORMATION SUPPORT AND DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC PRODUCTION
Authors: Zamula Iryna , Liudvenko Dmytro
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the paper is to justify the organizational and methodological provisions and to develop practical proposals for improving the information support of organic production delineating ways to advance the accounting system. To achieve this goal, we were focused on the next tasks: determination of the essence of the state and directions of development of organic production, research of legislative requirements for accounting of organic production and improvement of its accounting information support. Methodology. During the research, the following general and specific scientific methods were used: theoretical generalization, analogy, statistical observation, analysis, synthesis, scientific abstraction, critical analysis of accounting issues. Results. In the paper, the following issues were investigated: the place of Ukraine in the organic products market, the main advantages and disadvantages of organic products, ways to improve the information support for the development of organic products. It is proved that the establishment of organic agricultural production in Ukraine requires the development of its accounting support. According to the emergence of such support, it is possible to expect the development of this segment of the agricultural sector. Practical implications. In this paper, the accounting of organic production is improved considering the necessity of coordination of economic, social, and ecological activities of agricultural enterprises by making documentation of business operations related to organic production, confirming the need for internal control of organic production costs to improve their management efficiency, establishing a work plan of accounts regarding the formation of separate analytical accounts for the process of receipt of biological assets, producing organic products and selling them, as well as creating separate analytical accounts to determine the financial result (based on the proposed analytical calculations, the process of creating production costs and determining revenues can be simplified; if cross-production is carried out at an enterprise, then this technique will help to determine the benefits of organic production over conventional production easily), developing a system of financial and statistical reporting indicators for organic enterprises. Value / originality. The improvement of accounting and internal control system can provide the information with the required level of detail to meet the needs of interested users and to make such management decisions that will help to preserve natural resources and reduce the negative impact of enterprise activity on the environmental situation in Ukraine.
Thermal Indices Influence on Occupants’ Window Opening Behaviours: A Case of Ibadan and Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Kunle Ayinla Abdulrasaq , Ismail Adebisi Ilelabayo , Adedayo Olaoye Olubunmi , Oloruntoba Aina Emmanuel
Published: February 2021

Window opening operations are considered as one of the significant way of regulating indoor climate and maintaining thermal comfort in buildings, even when alternative active devices such as fans and air conditioners are available. This study investigates responses of occupants of the traditional core areas of Ibadan and Ogbomoso to thermal comfort conditions (thermal stress) through window opening behaviours. Climatic data of the two cities were subjected to Evans scale to predict their day and night thermal stress and questionnaires were administered to know how occupants respond to changing thermal conditions through window opening behaviours. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in analysing the data. The study found the morning periods to be the most comfortable, the afternoon periods offer the most hot discomfort condition and cold discomfort is mostly experienced in the evening periods in both cities. Findings revealed that majority of occupants in both cities prefer to keep their windows opened in the morning and afternoon periods and an increase was observed in the numbers of occupants who prefer to keep their windows closed in the evening periods. This is an indication that building occupants in both cities actively respond to thermal stress using window opening operations. Results obtained from chi square analysis concluded that there is a significant relationship between occupants’ window opening behaviour and thermal conditions at different periods of the day in both cities. Recommendations were given on how to improve on window opening systems in the future
Theoretical Issues and Conceptual Framework for Physical Facilities Design in Hospital Buildings
Authors: L. Akinluyi Muyiwa , A. Fadamiro Joseph , A. Ayoola Hezekiah , J. ALADE Morakinyo
Published: February 2021

This study reviewed the theoretical issues relating to morphological and psychological design issues in hospital building design evaluation. The study of morphological configurations design issues, concentrates on the elements of building, shape/form, the structure of the environment, the structural efficiency and the architectural appearance of the hospital building forms. The psychological design issues focused on the essential issues relating to Proximity, Privacy and Wayfindings. Through the literature review of previous models such as, Khan (2012) Operational Efficiency Model, Haron, Hamid and Talib Usability Framework, (2012), Zhao, Mourshed & Wright (2009) Model, Alalouch, Aspinall & Smith Model (2016) and Hill & Kitchen (2009). A conceptual framework for physical facilities design evaluation and satisfaction in hospital buildings was developed. The study, however, provides useful information for the development of a design framework that can inform policy on hospital buildings.
An Analysis of the Business Climate and the Investment Intentions trend in Post-revolutionary Tunisia
Authors: Hadhri Marouen
Published: February 2021

The paper examined the impact of business climate on the investment intentions of local enterprises, Mediterranean enterprises, and individual entrepreneurs in Tunisia. The paper has used both primary and secondary data. The secondary data is used for literature review and primary data has been collected by survey in Tunisia. Primary data were collected from 257 local and 204 Mediterranean businesses, including Large Corporations, Small businesses and SMEs, and 362 individual Tunisian investors, using a structured questionnaire via face-to-face interviews. Principal Component Analysis, t-test, ANOVA, post-hoc test, and the model of Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis has been carried out to study the interrelationships among the variables in this paper. A descriptive analysis of the data has also been done. The paper found that the most important economic variables for local and Mediterranean enterprises are the 'presence of support system' and 'Investment Grants'. Though for the Individual Investors the most important economic variables are 'Saturation of Market', 'Investment grants', and 'Data Access'. The social variables 'safety in daily activities, safety while traveling' and 'security level of governance' are the most important variables. Further, the most important political variables affecting investment decisions are ‘Good governance’ and ‘Law enforcement’ of local, Mediterranean enterprises, and individual investors. The paper also found that political dimensions have a significant impact on the investment intentions of local enterprises, while social dimensions have a significant impact on the investment intentions of Mediterranean enterprises. Moreover, economic dimensions have a significant impact on the investment decision of individual investors. The paper suggests that, by developing a favorable climate for businesses, the government should promote investment in Tunisia. Easy credit facilities should be provided to the entrepreneurs. There is a need to provide credit guarantee tools to small and medium-sized businesses for easy access to financial services.
The Relationship between the Circular Economy and Sustainable Waste Management in European Union
Authors: Liviu Marcuta , Razvan Panait , Alina Marcuta
Published: February 2021

Modern life has contributed both to the increase of living standards, to the increase of the comfort level and to the development of the society, but also to the increase of the amount of waste that end up suffocating the planet and threatening the existence of present and future generations. Among the solutions that are sought and that are included in various programs and policies, the concept of circular economy is one that is increasingly discussed when talking about the sustainable development of society. The circular economy implies a reduction of the natural resources consumed due to both recycling and their fair consumption. At the E.U. level the foundations have been laid for policies aimed at waste management to ensure the application of the principles of the circular economy.Considering the importance that the quantification of the indicators for implementing the circular economy have on the elaboration of more efficient policies, but also on the determination of the degree of implementation of this concept, in this paper we intend to analyze the evolution of these indicators in 2010-2019, in the European Union using a customized version of the DPSIR model. Their analysis led us to the conclusion that although important steps have been taken towards the transition to the circular economy, there are still many aspects that need to be improved in order to achieve the proposed objectives through European policies.
Determination of the adhesive content of medium density particleboards produced with bio-based polymer
Authors: Panzera Tulio Hallak , Aquino Vinícius Borges de Moura , Rodrigues Edson Fernando Castanheira , Pietrobon Isabela Matias , Christoforo André Luis , Lahr Francisco Antonio Rocco
Published: February 2021

This work contributes to the use of alternative adhesives in the wood-based industry, where pine wood is commonly used. The investigation identifies the influence and the optimal content (8, 12 and 15wt%) of a bio-based polyurethane adhesive in the production of medium density particleboards (MDP). A compaction pressure of 4 MPa at 100oC for 10 minutes is considered in the manufacture of panels based on pine wood residues and bio-based resin. The bulk density, flexural modulus (MOE) and strength (MOR) properties under static three-point bending are obtained according to the Brazilian standard NBR 14810. The results are compared with NBR 14810 and other standards to verify its performance based on the minimum requirements. Bulk density is not significantly affected by the investigated adhesive levels. MOE and MOR reach average values equivalent to 12wt% and 15wt% of the adhesive, and both meet the minimum requirements established in international normative documents. The adhesive level range responsible for maximizing ρ, MOE and MOR is between 12.42wt% and 15.79wt%.
Investigation Responses of the Diagrid Structural System of High-rise Buildings Equipped with Tuned Mass Damper Using New Dynamic Method
Authors: Karimipour Arash , Ghalehnovi Mansour , Edalati Mahmoud , Barani Mehdi
Published: February 2021

Due to the shortage of land in cities and population growth, the significance of high rise buildings has risen. Controlling lateral displacement of structures under different loading such as an earthquake is an important issue for designers. One of the best systems is the diagrid method which is built with diagonal elements with no columns for manufacturing tall buildings. In this study, the effect of the distribution of the tuned mass damper (TMD) on the structural responses of diagrid tall buildings was investigated using a new dynamic method. So, a diagrid structural systems with variable height with TMDs was solved as an example of structure. The reason for the selection of the diagrid system was the formation of a stiffness matrix for the diagonal and angular elements. Therefore, the effect of TMDs distribution on the story drift, base shear and structural behaviour were studied. The obtained outcomes showed that the TMDs distribution does not significantly affect on improving the behaviour of the diagrid structural system during an earthquake. Furthermore, the new dynamic scheme represented in this study has good performance for analyzing different systems.
Soil improvement using waste materials: A review
Authors: Devi Kiran , Chhachhia Ashish , Kumar Amit
Published: February 2021

With the industrialization, industrial by-products are produced in large quantities and creates nuisance to natural habitats. The disposal of these wastes like fly ash, marble powder, construction and demolition (C&D) waste, brick powder, agricultural wastes etc. has become the potential threat to the ecosystem and need some real solutions. The direct disposal of such wastes into open land or water bodies causes circumambient pollution. One of the potential solutions is to utilize these wastes in the construction industry on large scale as subgrade rehab or additive to cement based materials. In the present study, the compaction and strength characteristics of stabilized soil was studied by using various waste materials i.e. lime, cement, plastic waste, industrial waste, fibre, mushroom waste, wet olive pomace etc. and reviewed. The addition of additives improved the engineering properties of soil significantly.
A Dynamic Steganography Method for Web Images with Average RunLength-Coding
Authors: Liu Jin , Zhang Yiwen
Published: February 2021

Web page has many redundancies, especially the dynamic html multimedia object. This paper proposes a novel method to employ the commonly used image elements on web pages. Due to the various types of image format and complexity of image contents and their position information, secret message bits could be coded to embed in these complex redundancies. Together with a specific covering code called average run-length-coding, the embedding efficiency could be reduced to a low level and the resulting capacity outperforms traditional content-based image steganography, which modifies the image data itself and causes a real image quality degradation. Our experiment result demonstrates that the proposed method has limited processing latency and high embedding capacity. What’s more, this method has a low algorithm complexity and less image quality distortion compared with existing steganography methods.
Determining Learning Style Preferences of Learners
Authors: Shrestha Sushil , Pokharel Manish
Published: February 2021

The use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education has been rapidly growing in recent years which has converted conventional classrooms teaching environments into online learning (OL) environment. Online learning system is gaining popular and widely accepted in the world due to the current pandemic due to COVID 19. This has created an opportunity to take online classes through several online learning platforms. This research was also done during pandemic. The data were collected from one of the undergraduate courses where there were 108 learners. The objective of the study is to determine the learning style preferences based on the learner’s interactions data. one of the popular and widely used learning style model called Felder Silverman Learning Style Model (FSLSM) was implemented in this study to determine the learning preferences. The learners were classified according to the two dimensions i.e., input and processing of FSLSM. Further, two popular treebased classifier such as decision tree and random forest were implemented. Decision tree had a better performance in terms of accuracy than random forest. This type of research is very much beneficial to the instructors, learners and researchers and administrators working in the field of online learning.  This article has been updated.A correction to this article was published on January 25, 2022 and can be found at https://doi.org/10.30564/jcsr.v4i1.4400
HYDROCARBON PLAY ASSESSMENT OF “OSWIL” FIELD, ONSHORE NIGER DELTA REGION
Authors: Wasiu Osisanya , Monday Alile , Stanley Eze , Abel Ibitoye , Olufemi Oyanameh
Published: February 2021

Hydrocarbon play assessment of any field involves the evaluation of the production capacity of hydrocarbon reservoir unit in the field. This involves detail study of the reservoir petrophysical properties and geological interpretation of structures suitable for hydrocarbon accumulation in the field as observed from seismic reflection images. This study details the assessment of hydrocarbon play in OSWIL field onshore in Niger Delta, with the intent of appraising its productivity using a combination of seismic, well logs, petrophysical parameters and volumetric estimation using proven techniques which involves an integrated methodology. Two reservoir windows ‘R1’ and ‘R2’ were defined from five wells OSWIL-02, 04, 06, 07 and 12. The top and base of each reservoir window was delineated from the wells. Structural interpretation for inline 6975 revealed two horizons (X and Y) and eight faults labelled (F1, F2, F6, F8, F10, F16, F17 and F18). Five faults (F1, F6, F10, F17 and F18) were identified as synthetic faults and dip basin wards while three faults (F2, F8 and F16) were identified as antithetic faults and dips landwards. Time-depth structural map at top of reservoirs R1 and R2 revealed structural highs and closures. These observations are characteristics of growth structures (faults) which depicts the tectonic style of the Niger Delta. Results of petrophysical evaluation for reservoirs ‘R1’ and ‘R2’ across the five wells were analysed. For reservoir ‘R1’ effective porosity values of 27%, 26%, 23%, 20% and 22% were obtained for wells OSWIL-04, 12, 07, 06 and 02 respectively with an average of 23.6%, while for reservoir ‘R2’ effective porosity values of 26%, 22%, 21%, 24% and 23% for wells OSWIL-04, 12, 07, 06 and 02 were obtained respectively with an average of 23.2%. This porosity values correspond with the already established porosity range of 28-32% within the Agbada formation of the Niger Delta. Permeability index of the order (K > 100mD) were obtained for both reservoirs across the five wells and is rated very good. Hydrocarbon saturation (Shc) across the five wells averages at 61.6% for reservoir ‘R1’ and 67.4% for reservoir ‘R2’. Result of petrophysical model for porosity, permeability and water saturation reveal that the reservoir system in R1 and R2 is fault assisted and fluid flow within both reservoirs is aided by presence of effective porosity and faulting. Volumetric estimation for both reservoirs showed that reservoir R1 contains an estimate of 455 × 106 STB of hydrocarbon in place, while reservoir R2 contains an estimate of 683 × 106 STB of hydrocarbon in place. These findings impact positively on hydrocarbon production in the field and affirm that the two reservoirs R1 and R2 are highly prospective.
The Impact of Pre-Marital Counseling and Psychological Variables on Marital Satisfaction Among Married Couples in Laterbiokoshie, Accra, Ghana
Authors: Udofia Asuquo Asuquo , Bonsi Epiphania Emefa , Agbakpe Gladstone Fakor , Udofia Emilia Asuquo
Published: February 2021

The study examined the effect of pre-marital counseling on marital satisfaction and the relationship of three psychological variables, intimacy, self-esteem and locus of control among married couples who received marital counseling and married couples who did not receive marital counseling. The study employed a cross-sectional survey. Standardized questionnaires were used to assess all variables of interest. Data entry, validation and analysis was done using the Statistical Product and Services Solution software (SPSS version 25). The total number of study participants were 720. The sample was predominantly female, 430 (60%) and Christian, 675 (94%). Study participants who were married by ordinance comprised 400 (56%) and most of them attended pre-marital counseling 470 (65%) for at least five months (Mean, S.D. = 5.543.44). The results showed that couples who attended pre-marital counseling before marriage were more significantly satisfied with their marriages than those who did not attend pre-marital counseling before marrying [t(718) = 2.050, p<.05]. Intimacy and self-esteem significantly influenced marital satisfaction among married couples who received pre-marital counseling, whereas only intimacy had a significant influence among couples who did not receive pre-marital counseling. Pre-marital counseling should be encouraged in all counseling centers and churches.
Pearls of Wisdom: Israeli Elderly Reflect on Their Lives, and Make Suggestions for Future Generations
Authors: Rokach Ami
Published: February 2021

Reminiscing by older adults can facilitate beneficial outcomes through the preparation for the end of life, the cohesiveness of life narratives, and creation of life meanings. Given this, and the historical challenges of communication between generations, the objective of this study was two-fold: (1) to harness the beneficial role reminiscence can play in the mental health of older adults; (2) to facilitate generational learning by documenting and thematically analyzing the experiences and knowledge of older adults. We hypothesized that our interviews, which had the stated goal of helping younger people navigate life challenges, would not only act as catalyst for the participants to reminisce but also create a corpus of knowledge which could be later distilled into accessible “pearls of wisdom”. The interviews were conducted in Israel with 102 participants who were between 60 and 93 years of age with six questions constructed to promote further commentary. Through the interviews we were successful in producing a large representation of the older adults’ experiences and what they believed would be beneficial for the younger generation. Due to the potential benefits for participants and larger communities we recommend this approach be adopted for future studies.
The Occurence of Gastrointestinal Helminths in Slaughtered Cattle in Azare,North-East Nigeria
Authors: Umar Musa , Abubakar Bashir Mohammed , Gagman Haladu Ali , Yusuf Abubakar Sadiq
Published: February 2021

A Cross-sectional Study was carried out to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal (G.I.)  helminths parasites in slaughtered cattle at Azare abattoir, Katagum Local Government Area, Bauchi State, North-Eastern Nigeria. One hundred and twenty faecal samples were examined using the floatation and sedimentation method. Out of the total samples tested, G.I. helminths infections were detected in 62samples tested, giving an overall prevalence of 51.6%. Class nematodes are the most diverse class (56.5%) and then followed by trematodes (35.5%), while cestodes are the least prevalent (8.1%). There was a statistically significant difference in P-value >0.05.  The sex revealed that males (52.6%) are more susceptible to G.I. helminths infection than females (50.0%) even though there is no statistical difference at P-value >0.05. However, the prevalence of G.I. helminths to age revealed a statistical difference at P-value >0.05, where the young have the highest prevalence of 59.5%.  The Red Bororo breeds had the highest prevalence of 75%, while the least was recorded in White Fulani and Sokoto Gudali, 40% each. There was a statistically significant difference at P-value >0.05. This study revealed that Fasciola spp (15%) is the most prevalent G.I. helminths parasites detected, followed by Oesophagostomum spp (11.7%); Haemonchus spp (9.2%); Strongyloides spp (8.3%), Schistosoma spp (3.3%); and Moniezia spp (1.67%). Our findings from the present study revealed a high prevalence of G.I. helminths species affecting cattle in Azare and Nigeria as a whole. Therefore, there is a great need for proper advocacy on the need for appropriate management, regular deworming practices, and improved cattle hygiene to boost animal production. This will help in curbing great lost to Nigeria's economy and the world in general.
Effects of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaf meal on performance, carcass, organs, eggs and meat of Japanese quails
Authors: NM Sati , KO Idahor , PE Emennaa , H Haliru , AC Nwamo , KD Markus
Published: February 2021

There are several reports on the utilisation of Moringa oleifera in poultry nutrition due to its essential bioactive compounds yet, little is known about its influence on Japanese quail eggs and meat qualities. Hence, this study was aimed at examining the performance, eggs and meat qualities of Japanese quail hens fed M. oleifera leaf. To achieve this, 240 Japanese quail chicks were allocated to three dietary treatments: D1: control, 0.0% (without M. oleifera leaf meal), D2: (0.5% M. oleifera leaf meal) and D3: (1% M. oleifera leaf meal). Data on performance, carcass, organs, eggs and meat qualities were collected and subjected to ANOVA at 0.05. Results revealed that feed consumption was lowest (2,701g) in D1 and highest (2,800g) in D2, carcass weight varied from 100 – 100.67g, thigh weight (12.66 – 13.58g) and breast weight was highest (40.41g) in D3. Liver weight was lowest (3.25g) in D1, kidney was largest (0.91g) in D3 whereas, the heart, gizzard and spleen weights ranged from 1.00 – 1.16g, 3.08 – 3.50g and 0.04 – 0.08g, respectively. In the eggs, crude protein (10.94%), crude fat (6.71%), ash (1.36%), high-density lipoprotein (96.12mg/100g) and low-density lipoprotein (120.67mg/100g) were highest in D1. Total cholesterol (364.08mg/100g) and triglycerides (147.27mg/100g) were least in D1 and the caloric value varied from 1.46 – 1.47kcal/g. In the meat, crude protein (17.14%) and energy value (1.96kcal/g) were best in D2 but, crude fat (12.62%), ash (2.85%) and carbohydrates (1.31%) were superior in D3. In both eggs and meat, no crude fibre (0.0%) was detected. In any case, all the parameter values were within the normal ranges given in healthy Japanese quails at similar age. Consequently, inclusion of M. oleifera leaf meal at 1.0% in Japanese quail diets might not depress performance, affect carcass quality, cause organs dysfunctions but may improve nutritional quality of the eggs and meat.
How the News Media Cover Environmental Issues in United Kingdom: A Comprehensive Study of Mexico Gulf Oil Spill Disaster in 2010
Authors: Sun Ying
Published: February 2021

It is widely known that an increasing number of attentions have paid on environmental issues and meanwhile, the mass media promotes its role in helping define the concept and field of environment and also bringing environmental issues into social attention. This paper intends to investigate how news media in covering environmental issues in United Kingdom through the perspective of Mexico Gulf oil spill incident in 2010 particularly. In details, this study focuses more on the study of trends and patterns of news coverage on oil spill disaster during the research process. The sample is made up of two mainstream newspapers in UK (the Times and the Guardian) which are selected based on circulation figures and politically centre-based figures from April 2010 to April 2011. This study employs content analysis as its primary methodology to observe the trends and patterns of news coverage. In addition, this study not only discovers characteristics, trends and patterns of each newspaper but also uses comparative way to discover differences and similarities in order to investigate how national newspapers differ from each other when focusing on the same environmental news. Through the investigation step by step, this study answers the hypothesis and concludes that news media cover environmental issues in a particular ways as they adopt different trends and patterns in coverage while they still have some ways in common.
Neuropati Optik Kompresif Bilateral yang Terinduksi oleh Schwannoma
Authors: Nandini Cinintha , Agustini Lukisiari
Published: February 2021

The aim of this case report was to present further study about diagnosis and management of bilateral compressive optic neuropathy induced by schwannoma. This case report will discuss about the definition, classification, etiology, clinical diagnosis and treatment for compressive optic neuropathy. A case report. 43 years-old woman complained about blurred vision since 2 years ago. She also complained about pain on her right head while she was walking. There was no history of tinnitus or hearing loss. She had a history of contraception pill uses and progesterone injection every 3 months for 5 years alternately. She also suffered from schwannoma in cerebello pontine angle based on MRI and histopathology examination. From physical examination, best corrected visual acuity on right eye was 5/6 PHNI and on left eye was 5/8 PHNI. Ishihara test showed decreased colour vision. There was also ataxic gait. From anterior segment examination, there were decreased light reflex and RAPD. From posterior segment examination, there were papilloedema and elevation on both eyes proved by OCT and fundal imaging.  Neuroprotector therapy and surgery show a good result. Ishihara test are improving, light reflex are increasing and there are no RAPD anymore. From posterior segment, papilloedema are slowly diminished. The patient presents a case of bilateral compressive optic neuropathy induced by schwannoma. Neuroprotector and surgery show a good result.