bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Language Development in Preschool Children in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java
Authors: Mangunsong Roy Romey Daulas , Sutanto Alfiani Vivi , Sudarman Sudarman
Published: November 2024

Children under five years old are an important period in a child's developing body. Child growth and development is a continuous process, not only experiencing physical growth, brain development, there is also a learning process in the development of intelligence, motor skills, speech, language and social and independence. Fulfillment of nutrition is very necessary to support good child growth and development.The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the language development of preschool children in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java. Subjects and Methods: This study used a cross-sectional research design, which was conducted in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java from April to August 2024. A sample of 112 children was selected using a purposive sampling technique. The dependent variable is language development. The independent variables are cognitive ability, stunting, breastfeeding, immunization and gender. Data collection using questionnaires and analyzed by logistic regression using Stata 13. Results: The language development of preschool children can be delayed in children with cognitive abilities (b = 2.52; 95% CI = 0.03 to = 0.28; p = 0.013), stunting (b = 2.82; 95% CI = 0.05 to 0.30; p = 0.006), non-exclusive breastfeeding (b = 2.97; 95% CI = 0.07 to 0.38; p = 0.004), in boys (b = 7.2; 95% CI = 0.33 to 0.28; p <0.001), and children with incomplete immunization. Conclusion: The language development of preschool children is related to children's cognitive abilities, the incidence of stunting, non-exclusive breastfeeding, incomplete immunization and male gender.
Financial Accounting: A Comprehensive Guide
Authors: Ahmed Milad Mohammed Muftah
Published: November 2024

This article offers an extensive analysis of financial accounting, including its core principles, standards, regulatory organizations, and practical applications in corporate decision-making. Financial accounting is an essential role that provides stakeholders with a transparent and coherent perspective of a company's financial condition, facilitating informed decision-making. This study examines the fundamental concepts and assumptions of financial accounting, including accrual accounting, the matching principle, and materiality. Furthermore, it examines the functions of “GAAP and IFRS, along with the impact of regulatory entities like FASB, IASB, and SEC” in upholding the integrity of financial reporting. Financial statement data may be evaluated to evaluate an organization’s liquidity, profitability, solvency, and operational efficiency using numerous analytical methodologies, including ratio analysis, vertical and horizontal analysis, and cash flow analysis. The document emphasizes the significance of financial accounting in investment assessment, credit determinations, performance oversight, and regulatory adherence. Financial accounting facilitates informed decision-making for stakeholders by delivering trustworthy information, hence promoting confidence and accountability in financial markets. This tutorial highlights the essential function of financial accounting in attaining sustained corporate success and economic stability.
The Female Body in the Arab Muslim World: Historical and Sociological Analysis
Authors: Akrachi Nadir
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this paper is to historically and sociologically analyze the image and perception of the female body in the Arab Muslim world. It explores how such views have metamorphosed over time, starting from the pre-Islamic era to today’s global society, as a result of cultural, religious and socio-political factors. The research uncovers female identity and dynamics of its expression and is devoted to the analysis of literary, artistic and religious sources aimed at showing how tradition and modernity coexist. It also discusses the impact feminist movements and globalization have had on regional women’s experiences and norms. Focusing on the prevailing problems and changes that women face in the world today, this detailed research intends to contribute to the broader debate on the issues of gender, culture and identity in the Arab Muslim context.
Os impactos do CO2 em plantas: cultivando a consciência ambiental em estudantes por meio de uma atividade investigativa
Authors: Souza Filho Daniel Bastos , Sudério Fabrício Bonfim
Published: November 2024

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi desenvolver uma atividade investigativa sobre os impactos do aumento do CO2 atmosférico no desenvolvimento de plantas como forma de explorar a consciência ambiental. Essa atividade de abordagem qualitativa envolveu estudantes do Ensino Médio e foi organizada nas seguintes etapas: exibição de um filme para discutir o papel das plantas na produção de oxigênio e o impacto das mudanças climáticas; análise dos conhecimentos prévios dos discentes sobre o tema da pesquisa; realização de um experimento sobre fotossíntese; e uma pesquisa sobre a qualidade nutricional das plantas sob aumento dos níveis de CO2. As respostas foram analisadas por categorização de dados, cuja avaliação culminou em uma discussão sobre a “pegada ecológica”. O experimento sobre fotossíntese foi reconhecido como uma alternativa eficiente para a compreensão desse processo e a atividade investigativa levou os discentes a considerarem mudanças em seus próprios hábitos para reduzir as emissões de CO2.
ePortfólios como recursos de carreira – programa online com estudantes do ensino superior
Authors: Henriques Susana , Goulão Maria de Fátima , Barros Daniela
Published: November 2024

O programa B4C - Boost for Career visa promover e/ou melhorar a empregabilidade dos estudantes do ensino superior a partir de um enfoque nos recursos de carreira. Foi desenhado e oferecido em ambiente digital para estudantes de duas instituições de ensino superior públicas portuguesas. No âmbito do programa cada participante desenvolveu um eportfólio enquanto instrumento de apoio à empregabilidade e de avaliação. No presente artigo apresentamos e discutimos os resultados da análise de conteúdo temática dos 151 eportfólios desenvolvidos nas duas edições do B4C. A análise temática foi orientada, por um lado, pelos temas emergentes da estrutura teórica, designadamente os recursos de carreira, e por outo lado, pela sua operacionalização por parte dos participantes. Os principais resultados evidenciam que o programa, enquanto desenvolveu competências específicas, relacionadas com os recursos de carreira e outras como as digitais, desenvolveu também a consciência para a importância dos recursos de carreira numa perspetiva de integração ou de gestão de percursos complexos.
Optimizing performance with a 1-minute high-intensity re-warm up protocol in basketball substitutes
Authors: Koutsouridis Christos , Galazoulas Christos , Manou Vasiliki , Stavropoulos Nikolaos , Prantsidis Dimos I.
Published: November 2024

The aim of the study was to investigate whether a 1-minute high-intensity Re-Warm Up (RWU) protocol on a cycle ergometer could attenuate the negative effects of passive rest on basketball players' performance. Twelve semi-professional players completed two trials on consecutive days in a counterbalanced, randomized design with repeated measures. Following a structured warm-up (WU), the trials included: a) 15 minutes of passive rest (CON) and b) 13 minutes of passive rest, followed by 1 minute of cycling at 80% VO2max and 1 minute of rest (RWU80). Post-WU and post-RWU measurements included countermovement jump (CMJ), modified agility t-test (MAT), heart rate (HR), body temperature (BT), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and perceived readiness rating (PRR). CON group showed significant decreases in all variables, while RWU80 attenuated these losses in HR (p = .127), RPE (p = .058) and PRR (p = .236). Between the two post-RWU measurements, the RWU80 showed significantly improved results in MAT (p = .05) and HR (p < .001) and higher RPE (p = .002). Although statistically significant differences did not appear in all variables, the RWU80 led to greater readiness of the substitute players to enter the game com-pared to the 15 minutes of passive rest.
Formação de professores e metodologias inovadoras: impactos e desafios em ambientes escolares e não escolares
Authors: Gonçalves José Nilton de Araújo , Ribeiro Vanessa Teresinha , Silva Jocélia de Jesus Rêgo da , Oliveira Kairón Valentim Silva , Matos Manoel Messias de Sousa , Silva Patrícia da Cunha Gonzaga
Published: November 2024

Este artigo investiga a formação de professores e os efeitos de metodologias inovadoras em diferentes contextos educacionais. O estudo explora a aplicação de práticas pedagógicas inovadoras em ambientes escolares e não escolares, com o objetivo de avaliar seu impacto na preparação de futuros educadores. A pesquisa incluiu observações em dois contextos distintos: a Secretaria do Meio Ambiente e Recursos Hídricos, um ambiente não escolar, e duas instituições de ensino, a Escola Municipal Padre Madeira e a Unidade Escolar Ozildo Albano. A metodologia envolveu a observação direta das práticas e entrevistas com profissionais da educação. Os resultados revelam que a integração de métodos inovadores e experiências práticas contribui significativamente para uma formação docente mais completa. No entanto, as limitações do estudo, como a amostra restrita e o contexto específico, devem ser consideradas. A conclusão aponta para a importância de adotar práticas pedagógicas diversificadas e promover a inclusão, preparando melhor os professores para os desafios contemporâneos da educação.
O pensamento social brasileiro como uma alternativa epistemológica de descentramento dos Estudos Organizacionais
Authors: Lima Daniella Munhoz da Costa , Thiollent Michel Jean Marie
Published: November 2024

Este ensaio tem o objetivo de refletir sobre a utilização do pensamento social brasileiro como recurso epistemológico para a área de Estudos Organizacionais. Entende-se que a área de Estudos Organizacionais é marcada pela predominância de autores estrangeiros, o que poderia ser entendido como colonialismo epistêmico. Assim, a partir de considerações sobre o papel que o pensamento social brasileiro está desempenhando no movimento de descentramento que está ocorrendo na área de ciências sociais, buscou-se discutir se esse movimento também pode ser realizado nos estudos de cultura nas organizações a partir da utilização de autores do pensamento social brasileiro como representativos do conhecimento da margem. Desse modo, são abordados aspectos referentes às possibilidades inexploradas e aos caminhos já trilhados pela utilização das ideias de autores como Sergio Buarque de Holanda, Darcy Ribeiro e Celso Furtado. O trabalho é encerrado com reflexões sobre as possíveis contribuições do pensamento social brasileiro como alternativa epistemológica para o estudo da cultura nas organizações.
Alteração tomográfica em pacientes diagnosticados com COVID-19 internados em enfermaria hospitalar
Authors: Souza Maria Luiza Silva , Marreira Marcelo , Isabella Adriana Paula Jordão , Ocon Carlos Alberto , Braga Cristina , Aragão Neylor Rodrigo Oliveira , Pardi Paulo Celso , Salani Renata , Paula Luzia Campos Cordeiro de , Vieira Marina Provinciali Mendonça , Almeida Jacqueline Cunha Cabral Azevedo , Santos Olyvia Michelle de Matos , Ribeiro Filho Alfredo , Lima Lidiane Souza , Santos Gleyce Kelly de Brito Brasileiro
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Descrever os achados tomográficos nos pacientes diagnosticados com COVID-19 internados em uma enfermaria no ano de 2020. Método: Estudo transversal, descritivo, realizado em um hospital de ensino de médio porte, localizado em Sergipe, no período de janeiro a fevereiro de 2022. A amostra referiu-se aos dados secundários referentes às informações contidas nos prontuários eletrônicos encontrados na plataforma do Microsoft TEAMS. Resultados: A amostra do estudo foi composta por 80 pacientes, internados no período de maio a agosto de 2020 em uma unidade de enfermaria de um hospital universitário do estado de Sergipe. Discussão: As alterações pulmonares foram prevalentes no sexo masculino (63,75%). Quanto à faixa etária, a mais acometida foi dos 35 a 39 anos (8,75%). As principais alterações pulmonares encontradas foram: padrão em vidro fosco 54,76%, sendo a alteração predominante, seguido das consolidações (33,33%). Em relação a localização da alteração pulmonar, o acometimento bilateral (50%) foi o mais evidente com seguido do acometimento em lóbulo inferior (8,5%) e periferia (8,5%). O acometimento em lóbulo superior representou 6,9%. Em relação ao percentual de comprometimento pulmonar foi constatado que 15,40% dos pacientes apresentaram comprometimento entre 50 a 100%, seguido de 14,3% que apresentaram comprometimento <25%. Conclusão: A principal alteração tomográfica nos pacientes internados foi a opacidade em vidro fosco com acometimento bilateral dos lóbulos pulmonares. Esse achado assemelha-se com o que vem sendo descrito na literatura. Quanto ao percentual de comprometimento foi identificado que grande parte apresentou comprometimento moderado (50 a 100%) do parênquima pulmonar.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO FEEDBACK CONSTRUTIVO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE HABILIDADES NAS EMPRESAS
Authors: Mulangue José
Published: November 2024

O fornecimento de feedback é essencial para a promoção do desempenho dos funcionários nas organizações modernas, principalmente no que se refere ao desempenho. A maior parte dos estudos demonstrou que o feedback aumenta a motivação, o envolvimento dos funcionários e a produtividade. Coloca-se a questão, como fornecer o feedback de forma construtiva? O feedback eficaz pode e deve ser honesto, específico e oportuno, pois é essencial ter clareza sobre o propósito do feedback e o comportamento específico ou o resultado do que está a ser abordado. O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar a importância do feedback construtivo para o desenvolvimento de habilidades nas empresas. No artigo foram apresentados diversos estudos que apresentaram resultados sobre a influência do feedback construtivo para a melhoria das habilidades dos funcionários, os quais, confirmam os efeitos positivos do feedback identificado no contexto organizacional e as principais estratégias para que este processo tenha sucesso e atinja os objetivos propostos.
Factores de influencia en la innovación regional de México para el crecimiento sostenible: Un análisis de 1993 a 2020 y perspectivas futuras
Authors: German-Soto Vicente , De Los Santos-Estrada Denysse
Published: November 2024

Contexto. La innovación es clave en el desarrollo regional porque incide en el crecimiento económico, eleva el ingreso y mejora el bienestar. Se analizan los factores que influyen en la innovación regional de México durante 1993-2020.
Problema. El crecimiento económico no se comprende sin considerar las diferencias de innovación entre las regiones de un país. Así, una de las razones de la falta de crecimiento es el bajo uso de tecnologías y la escasa creación de innovaciones. Por tanto, ¿cuáles son los principales factores que influyen en la capacidad de innovación de los estados de México?, ¿qué explica las diferencias de innovación entre las regiones de un país?
Objetivo. Estimar el efecto de la educación, el ingreso, la inversión extranjera y los sectores de alta tecnología en la innovación a nivel regional en México durante 1993-2020.
Metodología. Se estimaron modelos de conteo de Poisson y binomial-negativo para explicar la conducta de patentes de los estados mexicanos y cómo impactaron la educación, el ingreso, las inversiones extranjeras y los sectores de alta tecnología. El modelo contempló la importancia de las vecindades y respondió a las preguntas sobre qué factores influyen en la innovación y cómo se formaron las diferencias regionales en innovación en México durante 1993-2020.
Hallazgos Teóricos y Prácticos. Se confirma la teoría de que la innovación toma lugar en espacios dinámicamente diversos y geográficamente concentrados (Scientia). Hay una relación positiva en la innovación, pero la concentración de la innovación es mayor en el centro del país (Praxis).
Originalidad basada en un enfoque multidisciplinario que promueve la innovación para el desarrollo sostenible. Para promover el crecimiento económico, inclusivo y sostenible, la actividad económica debe incorporar la innovación en sus procesos productivos, las formas de innovar y las estrategias para impulsarla son clave.
Conclusiones y limitaciones. El conteo de patentes es una medida limitada, pero se concluye que la innovación es clave para promover el crecimiento económico sostenible sugerido por las Naciones Unidas. Como trabajo futuro, se puede extender a modelos de conteo de panel.
Pengaruh Aplikasi Komposisi Pupuk NPK dan Konsentrasi Bakteri Fotosintesis terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Anggrek Bulan (Phalaenopsis amabilis)
Authors: Ivani Nanda , Wahyuni Endang Sri
Published: November 2024

This study aims to determine the appropriate composition of NPK and concentration of photosynthetic bacteria on the growth and development of lunar orchids. This research was conducted from December to April 2023, in Sukorambi Village, Sukorambi District, Jember Regency, East Java Province. This study used a randomized block design (RBD) with a factorial pattern, the first factor was 3 treatments of NPK composition (K) and the second factor was 3 treatments of photosynthetic bacteria concentration (P) repeated 3 times. So that the total experiment was 27 plants. The treatment used was K1 = NPK 1:1:1; K2 = NPK 1.5:1:1; K3 = NPK 2:1:1 and P0 = control; P1 = 2.5ml/l; P2 = 5 ml/l. The test was carried out with the F test with analysis of variance (ANOVA), if there is a significant difference (F-count value> F-table) then proceed with the 5% DMRT test. The results showed that the composition of NPK and photosynthetic bacteria gave a significant interaction on leaf length. However, they were not significantly different in leaf width, number of leaves, root length, number of roots, and fresh weight.
An Exploration of Longitudinal Changes in Parental Educational Enthusiasm
Authors: Lee Seung Hyeon , Kim Moo Young , Eom Moon Young
Published: November 2024

This study aims to categorize the patterns of change in parents' educational enthusiasm and explore student- and parent-level predictors for each group. For this purpose, data from the 3rd to 8th waves of the Korean Education Longitudinal Study 2013 (KELS 2013) were analyzed, focusing on the parents of students who transitioned from middle school to high school. Using Growth Mixture Modeling(GMM), changes in parents' educational expectations and shadow education expenditures were examined. First, distinct subgroups of parents were identified in terms of educational enthusiasm. Changes in educational expectations were categorized into low expectation maintenance group, decreasing expectation group, and high expectation maintenance group, while changes in shadow education expenditures were classified as increasing expenditure group, medium expenditure maintenance group, and high expenditure maintenance group. Second, the predictors of educational enthusiasm included student gender, academic performance in the first year of middle school, parental education, occupational characteristics, and average monthly income. Based on these findings, this study recommends higher education policies that consider parental demands, the expansion of various public education services, and educational programs targeted at parents with low socioeconomic status.
PERSPECTIVAS DOS TRABALHADORES ADMINISTRATIVOS SOBRE OS IMPACTOS DO TRABALHO EM HOME OFFICE DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19
Authors: Fagundes Karla Sales , Motter Arlete Ana , Fidalski Solena Zimer Kusma
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar, analisar e discutir os dados relevantes sobre as condições de trabalho dos trabalhadores administrativos que atuaram na modalidade home office durante o período da pandemia covid-19. Método: Estudo analítico, transversal e descritivo com abordagem quantitativa. Realizado em duas empresas no sul do Brasil, teve uma amostra de 65 participantes. Foram aplicados dois instrumentos o Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT) e o questionário semiestruturado elaborado pelos pesquisadores, a fim de avaliar e analisar a relação entre o escores encontrados. Os cálculos foram realizado pelo programa Statistical Package for the Social Science - SPSS®. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 61,5% mulheres, idade média de 37,8 anos, 35,3% com ensino superior e 43,0% com tempo de empresa entre 2 e 4 anos. Identificou-se significância entre o ICT e três variáveis: 90,7% (ICT Boa/Ótima/p < 0,01) que não trabalhavam em home office antes da pandemia; 58,4% (ICT Boa/Ótima /p < 0,01) com melhor qualidade do sono durante a pandemia e 40,0% (ICT Boa/Ótima /p < 0,03) observaram algum impacto em alguma dimensão da vida. Considerações finais: Sob a perspectiva dos trabalhadores, sua capacidade para o trabalho foi avaliada como “boa” e “excelente” durante a pandemia. No entanto é fundamental a continuidade deste tipo de pesquisa para compreender a saúde, segurança e qualidade de vida diante desta modalidade de trabalho.
REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA DA SUPLEMENTAÇÃO DE VITAMINA D NA PEDIATRIA E SEUS BENEFÍCIOS PARA A FASE ADULTA
Authors: Iarrocheski Bruna de Luna , Vidal Yasmin Santos , Ernesto Isabelly Alves , Gomes Rafael Santiago , Silva Sâmia Cristina Gualberto da
Published: November 2024

Esta revisão destaca que a suplementação de Vitamina D na infância é crucial como uma intervenção preventiva que terá repercussões positivas na saúde ao longo da vida e obtém sua relevância ao desempenhar um papel essencial ao fornecer insights relevantes que podem orientar políticas de saúde pública (incutindo no descongestionamento hospitalar) e diretrizes práticas voltadas para o bem-estar das crianças, contribuindo para uma sociedade mais saudável e resiliente. Os objetivos que tangem essa pesquisa são compreender os fatores atuais que corroboram com a deficiência de vitamina D na infância, expor as implicações da carência de vitamina D no desenvolvimento da criança além de explicar a importância da suplementação da vitamina D em casos de déficit na infância. Para obtenção de dados foram abordados 16 artigos sobre o tema proposto, objetivando construir uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa qualitativa. Os estudos apontaram que o déficit de vitamina D é frequente e pode estar presente nas gestantes e por consequência nos recém-nascidos, essa deficiência pode causar impactos à saúde, principalmente óssea da criança. O principal fator associado a esta deficiência é a baixa exposição aos raios solares, mas também se associa a baixa ingesta alimentar e obesidade. Foi possível evidenciar que a suplementação traz impactos positivos pelos meses subsequentes ao seu nascimento, suprindo as demandas de vitamina D, além disso, ficou claro que a melhor forma de prevenir a hipovitaminose D é se expor a radiação solar e que a sua manutenção se dá por via alimentar.
INTUBAÇÃO EM CIRURGIAS DE EMERGÊNCIA: DESAFIOS E ABORDAGENS EM PACIENTES COM CONDIÇÕES HEMODINÂMICAS INSTÁVEIS
Authors: Bicalho Filipe Flores , Carvalho Emelly Simões , Meireles José Aurélio Bertuani , Nascimento Marcela Zortéa , Simon Sophia Holzmeister , Cesconeto Arthur Pratissoli , Gonçalves Arthur Parpaiola , Zavarize Thais Bermond , Teixeira Débora Cristina dos Reis , Pancieri João Pedro , Oliveira Isabella Ferreira de , Campos Nayra Gomes , Ferrari Fernando Maffioletti
Published: November 2024

A intubação traqueal é um procedimento essencial, mas de alto risco, frequentemente realizado em pacientes críticos que apresentam condições como choque, insuficiência respiratória e acidose metabólica, aumentando significativamente o risco de complicações peri-intubação em comparação com intubações eletivas. Esta revisão sistemática examina as estratégias de intubação em cenários de emergência para pacientes com instabilidade hemodinâmica, analisando a eficácia de diferentes métodos e dispositivos, assim como os resultados clínicos associados à estabilidade cardiovascular e às complicações peri-intubação. Foram revisados estudos publicados na última década em bases como PubMed e LILACS, com termos relacionados a intubação de emergência, instabilidade hemodinâmica e manejo crítico. Dos 150 artigos identificados, cinco estudos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e analisaram o impacto das abordagens de intubação no controle hemodinâmico e na redução de complicações. Os resultados destacam a importância da videolaringoscopia em situações de difícil visualização, embora dispositivos como bougie e stylet apresentem vantagens específicas conforme as características anatômicas e clínicas do paciente. Conclui-se que a intubação de pacientes hemodinamicamente instáveis requer protocolos especializados e uma abordagem individualizada para reduzir riscos, enfatizando a necessidade de mais estudos e diretrizes para otimizar o manejo desses pacientes.
A PERPETUAÇÃO DO MACHISMO NO PODER JUDICIÁRIO ATRAVÉS DO USO DAS AÇÕES DE FAMÍLIA
Authors: Pinheiro Mariana Liberato , Veras Érica Verícia Canuto de Oliveira
Published: November 2024

O machismo, como traço da nossa sociedade, permite que o âmbito jurídico seja corrompido pela parcialidade. Assim, as legislações são embasadas nas culturas dos indivíduos, de modo que ocorre o tratamento desigual entre homens e mulheres dentro do próprio Poder Judiciário. No presente trabalho, será realizada uma análise histórica da construção do lugar de inferioridade feminina, ainda será abordado o surgimento e a importância do feminismo jurídico para com a temática em questão. Posteriormente, é necessário dissertar acerca dos diferentes conceitos de família ao decorrer do tempo a fim de compreender as ações de família em si. Por fim, será trabalhado como uma construção social machista interfere nos textos normativos e por conseguinte como se dá a interferência do sexismo dentro do Poder Judiciário. Desse modo, conclui-se que é imprescindível a mudança de comportamento da sociedade como um todo, assim como a modificação dos paradigmas jurídicos, de modo a interdisciplinarizar as decisões dos magistrados.
Towards the Unraveling of Zombie Effect in the Linux Kernel
Authors: Ahmed Shekh Abdullah-Al-Musa , Rahman Md. Mahmudur , Habib Shah Md. Baizid , Uzra Ayesha Siddika , Jemi Mabia Akonda
Published: November 2024

A zombie process is a type of process that has completed its execution but still has an entry in the process table. Zombie processes are typically created when a child process terminates, but its parent process fails to collect its termination status. Now that the fork () has created a new process, it duplicates the calling process. The new process is referred to as the child process. The calling process is referred to as the parent process. The child and parent processes are to run in separate memory spaces. Both memory spaces have the same content at the time of fork (). Whenever in Linux, a process is an instance of executing a program or command. While these processes exist, they will be in one of the five possible states, such as Running or Runnable (R), Uninterruptible Sleep (D), or Interruptable Sleep (S). Another process (the parent process) creates a child computing process. This technique pertains to multitasking operating systems and is sometimes called a subprocess or, traditionally, a subtask. Hence, there are five Linux process states. Such as running & runnable, interruptable sleep, uninterruptable sleep, stopped, and zombie. Each of these processes exists for a very well-defined reason. After all, a zombie process in Linux is a terminated child process that remains in the system's process table while waiting for its parent process to collect its exit status. A zombie process is a type of process that has completed its execution but still has an entry in the process table. As a result, if too many zombie processes are generated, the process table will be full. That is, the system will not be able to generate any new process, then the system will come to a standstill.
Filipino Meme Culture in Reddit: A Social Exchange Theory Application in an Anonymous Online Community
Authors: Tuazon John Byron , Ebardo Ryan
Published: November 2024

The study explores the dynamics of social exchanges within the r/Philippines subreddit, focusing on how meme culture influence user interactions and engagement. It highlights the significant role of social media in Filipino culture, noting the increasing time spent on platforms like Reddit, which serves as a unique space for community building and cultural expression. Social Exchange Theory (SET) is applied to understand participation behaviors in online communities, emphasizing perceived reciprocity and social capital as critical factors. SET provides a framework for analyzing social interactions, focusing on the perceived costs and benefits that influence user engagement in online communities. The research focuses on posts categorized under the MemePH flair in the r/Philippines subreddit, utilizing publicly accessible data without requiring ethical clearance. A content analysis was conducted to analyze the posted memes, while a thematic analysis was conducted to examine social interactions in the comments section, with classifications established before data collection. The content analysis reveals that memes in the subreddit are primarily categorized as political, propaganda, current events, and dank memes, with humor being a significant driver of engagement. The thematic analysis indicates that perceived community support, exchange ideologies, social ties, and perceived benefits are crucial in motivating users to post and interact within the subreddit.
Analisis Optimasi Algoritma Backpropagation Momentum Dalam Memprediksi Jenis Tingkat Kejahatan Di Kecamatan Tambusai Utara
Authors: Yanto Budi , Hendri  , Almadison  , Hutagaol Ramses , Rahman Ripatullah
Published: November 2024

Crime is conduct that disobeys the law and contravenes social norms in a way that society finds objectionable. There is no system that can forecast the kind and quantity of crimes that will happen in the future as a guide in the process of preventing crime, according to the North Tambusai Police. However, the public service process in the form of complaints has been done digitally. Backpropagation is an iterative method that works well even with complex and convoluted data. Backpropagation is an artificial neural network with several levels (multi-layer). Data processing is done on the types and numbers of crimes that took place in North Tambusai District between 2015 and 2020. The first step in the data processing procedure is to normalize the data and choose the network training parameters. Crime data and levels were used in the artificial neural network research, which used a 5-5-1 design. The test results reveal that the average prediction accuracy rate is 92.66%, with the greatest prediction accuracy rate being 99.6% and the lowest forecast accuracy rate being 90.01 percent. Theft had the highest weighting (Curat) of crimes the next year with 15 cases, while fraud, crime, and extortion/threats each had the lowest weighting (1 case). The prediction findings exhibit a sufficiently high level of accuracy to serve as a basis for evaluation.
Development Of School Agenda Announcement By Using Autopost System
Authors: Chandra Detri Amelia , Jubeir Muhammad , Wahyudi Sri
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat seberapa jauh perkembangan Teknologi dalam dunia pendidikan khususnya sekolah dasar. Pemanfaatan Teknologi dalam pendidikan pada penelitian ini lebih dikerucutkan lagi pada proses pembelajarannya. Guru dapat memanfaatkan Teknologi untuk mempersiapkan proses pembelajaran atau ketika proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Dengan Teknologi guru dapat menambah bahan ajar dan mencari referensi tentang metode pembelajaran yang tepat untuk siswanya. Dalam pembelajaran guru dapat menyampaikan materi dengan lebih mudah diterima oleh siswa dengan bantuan pemanfaatan Teknologi. Penerapan Teknologi  juga tidak hanya semata-mata langsung diterapkan, tetapi juga harus melihat karakteristik siswanya. Maka proses pembelajaran akan berkualitas dan bermakna dengan pemanfaatan Teknologi  yang sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa.
Generalidades en Pediatría Tomo 7
Authors: Arévalo Riera Michael Raúl , Andrade Muñoz Juan Sebastian , Almestar Japón Katherine Fernanda , Miño Vargas Eduardo Xavier
Published: November 2024

El séptimo tomo de Generalidades en Pediatría aborda los fundamentos y avances en el cuidado de la salud infantil, destacando un enfoque integral para el diagnóstico, tratamiento y prevención de las enfermedades pediátricas más prevalentes. Este volumen cubre desde la fisiología y desarrollo infantil hasta las estrategias clínicas para el manejo de patologías agudas y crónicas, incluyendo enfoques de medicina preventiva y promoción de la salud en diversas etapas del crecimiento.
Identification of Antimicrobial – Resistant Genes in S. aureus Isolated from Subclinical Mastitis Infected Ewes
Authors: Taher Ali Hussein , Abdulhussain Zina Bakir
Published: November 2024

Mastitis, which is defined as inflammation of the mammary gland, typically causes changes to the udder's anatomy and physiology. The aim of this research was to identification of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from sheep with subclinical mastitis by molecular detection. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were molecularly detected using 16 Sr RNA and resistance virulence genes (mecA, ermA, ermB, and blaZ) using the traditional PCR method. The results were also validated using VITEK 2 systems. Two hundred samples were collected from the subclinical mastitis of infected ewes from different areas in Babylon Province. Samples were preserved on an icebox and transported to the laboratories. Milk samples were cultured on Blood and Mannitol Salt Agar (7.5%) plates. The culture plates were then incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The results of milk samples cultured on different media revealed the following: Green, motile colonies of S. aureus are produced on selective Hi Chrome agar. The current study found that the percentage of infected halves was 19–29 half infected and 5–29 two halves infected, and that the prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 24 (45.83%) based on the CMT and bacterial isolation. The 16S rRNA gene was amplified in all 20 isolates, according to the PCR assay, and the mecA, ermA, ermB, and blaZ genes were amplified in all 20 isolates. Every S. aureus isolate that tested positive came from mastitis-infected sheep. Twenty antimicrobial agents were used in the antibiotic susceptibility tests for S. aureus isolates. In summary, the findings indicate that S. aureus has become highly resistant to antibiotics.
Una estrategia inclusiva para el acompañamiento docente a estudiantes con trastorno del espectro Autista (TEA)
Authors: Santos Suarez Roberto Carlos , Sánchez Jiménez Kevin Andrés , Escobar Pilataxi Jorge Washington , Aguirre Hojas Raúl Roger , Rodríguez Garcés Cinthia Malena , Guillén Moreno María Isabel , Villamil Cavagnaro Christian José
Published: November 2024

En la educación superior, es necesario promover la inclusión educativa para garantizar que todos los estudiantes, incluidos aquellos con trastorno de espectro autista (TEA), reciban el apoyo necesario para alcanzar el éxito académico. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo desarrollar una estrategia inclusiva para el acompañamiento docente a estudiantes con TEA, se propone una estrategia que incluye cuatro componentes como la implementación de tecnología asistiva; la formación continua del profesorado; el acceso a materiales de estudio en línea y el apoyo personalizado. Cabe recalcar la importancia de incorporar aplicaciones diseñadas para ayudar a los estudiantes con TEA a organizarse, tomar notas y participar activamente en clase. Los estudiantes con esta condición tienen la necesidad de que se les proporcione acceso a materiales de estudio y recursos educativos en línea para que puedan ser utilizados a su propio ritmo, promoviendo así la autonomía y el aprendizaje personalizado. A través de la integración de estas estrategias, se busca optimizar el entorno educativo y mejorar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes con TEA. Los resultados indican que una educación inclusiva, basada en la comprensión de las necesidades de los estudiantes y en el uso de herramientas adecuadas, facilita el aprendizaje y promueve la integración social y el bienestar emocional de los educandos.
E-cigarettes, synthetic nicotine, heated-tobacco and smokeless nicotine delivery products: the nicotine landscape beyond combustible cigarettes
Authors: Liakoni Evangelia , Christen Samuel E. , Benowitz Neal L.
Published: November 2024

Cigarette smoking remains an enormous public health problem causing millions of preventable deaths annually worldwide. Although safe and efficient smoking cessation pharmacotherapies such as nicotine replacement products and the medications varenicline and bupropion are available, long-term abstinence rates remain low and new approaches to help smokers successfully quit smoking are needed. In recent years, electronic nicotine delivery systems such as e-cigarettes and heated-tobacco products, and novel smokeless nicotine delivery products like nicotine pouches have gained widespread popularity. These products can deliver nicotine without combustion of tobacco and might thus present an alternative to the currently available smoking cessation methods if they prove able to help smokers quit smoking conventional cigarettes while decreasing their exposure to toxicants. In this narrative review, we provide a summary of the characteristics of these novel nicotine delivery products and the available data regarding their efficacy as smoking cessation tools and safety profile with a focus on the current situation in Switzerland.
Self-Healing Asphalt Using Steel Fibers: Induction Heating
Authors: Aniq Gul Muhammad , Mudassir Ahmad Alwi Muhammad
Published: November 2024

Asphalt pavements are essential to our transportation infrastructure, but they have a significant drawback: they require frequent maintenance. However, innovation is revolutionizing the field of materials engineering and could change the way we think about road construction and maintenance. Incorporating self-healing technology into the road design phase holds the promise of extending the durability of roads, eliminating the need for frequent maintenance, leading to significant time and cost savings. Past research has shown that asphalt pavement can restore its stiffness and strength during periods of rest due to the closure of micro-cracks that naturally occur under the stress of traffic loads. Recently, interest in utilizing induction heating to improve the self-healing characteristics of asphalt pavements is revived. Integrating self-healing technology into the road design process holds the promise of revolutionizing road construction and maintenance procedures. Self-healing asphalt technology harnesses asphalt’s natural ability to repair itself. By delaying the need for traditional replacement of heavily damaged roads, this technology reduces the production of asphalt mixtures and also cuts down on energy usage during replacement reducing the environmental impact of waste disposal. This chapter provides and insight to the three most promising options and outlines the future development in self-healing asphalt technology.
Comorbidity in Venous Thromboembolic Disease
Authors: Javier Jareño Esteban José , Almudena Fernández Bermejo Lara , De Miguel Díez Javier , Ángeles Muñoz Lucas Maria , Campos Téllez Sergio
Published: November 2024

Venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) is the third most common vascular disease, immediately after ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. Its annual incidence is estimated at 1–2 cases 1000 h, but shows a progressive increase with increasing age. Population aging in European Union is one of the main factors related to the increase in VTE. Comorbidity is frequent in the adult population, and chronic diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, heart failure, etc., have an impact on the prognosis and survival of the individual. Acute VTE is associated with frequent entities (cardiovascular, metabolic, respiratory, psychiatric, etc.). The study of comorbidity in patients with VTE can be performed through different procedures, such as the RIETE registry (Computerized Thromboembolic Disease Registry), an international, multicenter, observational registry, which includes patients with VTE from 2001 to 2024, with more than 100,000 patients included and which includes a registry of comorbidity data. The analysis of codified hospital discharge reports (configuration management database (CMBD)) of the National Health System (NHS) reflects the clinical, sociodemographic, and comorbidity characteristics. Other procedures by means of validated Scores or the Charlson index, and comorbidomes. Cancer and thrombocytosis were the comorbidities mostly related to mortality in VTE.
A Comprehensive Guide to Optimize Thoracic Organ Recovery
Authors: Okoli Chinedu , Nwanna-Nzewunwa Obieze , Keshavamurthy Suresh
Published: November 2024

This section delves into the concept of Donation After Circulatory Determination of Death (DCDD) as a way to tackle the severe shortage of organs for transplantation. It explains the key differences between DCDD and traditional Donation after Brain-Death (DBD) and how they help address the organ shortage. The section also outlines the criteria for selecting suitable DCDD donors and discusses the two main types of DCDD, along with the ethical considerations and protocols for each type. The focus then shifts to thoracic organs, specifically lungs and increasingly hearts due to advancements in the field. It highlights the challenges of warm ischemia time in traditional DCD and delves into recent breakthroughs in organ preservation techniques. These include Ex-situ perfusion with EVLP (static), EVLP (mobile) such as TransMedics OCS, and NRP, as well as advancements in transportation using devices like Paragonix Lung guard. These advancements pave the way for the potential expansion of DCD transplantation.
Perspective Chapter: Symbiotic Interactions among Plant Pests and Pathogens – Nematodes, Bacteria, Viroids, Viruses, Insects, and Other Organisms
Authors: Bozbuga Refik , Haydar Erol Ümit , Bülent Arpacı Bekir , Gök Güler Pakize , Arıdıcı Kara Pinar , Nilufer Yıldız Hatice , Kahya Doğancan
Published: November 2024

Several biotic and abiotic stress conditions adversely affect plant development. Nematodes, viruses, insects, viroids, bacteria, fungi, and numerous other pests are biotic stressors that significantly impact plant health and growth. These organisms may also establish symbiotic relationships with each other and their hosts, which can be either parasitic or mutualistic. This book chapter reviews some of these interactions, particularly focusing on the relationships among plant pests, other organisms, and their association with viruses and viroids under abiotic stress conditions. By detailing these symbiotic relationships between various hosts, this chapter aims to elucidate pest behavior and the complex dynamics involved. Understanding these interactions among plant pests, including nematodes, bacteria, viroids, viruses, insects, and other organisms, is crucial for developing effective pest management strategies and enhancing plant health. Future research should reveal molecular mechanisms of these interactions, explore pest resistance to climate change, and develop integrated management strategies for improved plant resistance.
Evaluating Hypothermic Machine Perfusion in Liver Transplantation
Authors: Lad Hetal , Hsiung Tiffany , Kasina Aditya , Amin Arpit
Published: November 2024

Static cold storage (SCS) has been the standard-of-care preservation technique for liver grafts utilized for liver transplantation (LT). However, there remains a significant mismatch in the number of SCS liver grafts utilized for LT compared to the number of potential liver recipients on the waitlist. This has led to renewed interest in evaluating application of machine perfusion preservation techniques like hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) to expand the overall pool of available liver grafts. The initial focus of this chapter is to describe the mechanistic benefits of HMP in preservation of liver grafts. Thereafter, we highlight the clinical benefits of HMP in decreasing early allograft dysfunction (EAD) rates and decreased biliary complications in LT recipients. Lastly, we discuss future potential use of HMP in pediatric LT via ex-vivo liver graft splitting and potential for combining HMP with normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) in liver grafts obtained from donors after circulatory death (DCD).
Osteotomy Challenges for Implant Placement in Posterior Mandible
Authors: Garoushi Ibrahim H. , Elbeialy Ramy R. , Gibaly Amr , Atef Mohammed
Published: November 2024

The posterior mandibular region poses significant challenges for dental implantologists due to its unique anatomical constraints. This chapter delves into the complexities of inserting root-form dental implants in this region, focusing on the difficulties and complications that arise from anatomical considerations. A particular emphasis is placed on inferior alveolar nerve lateralization (IANL) surgical technique, which has expanded implant placement possibilities but is also linked with significant risks and drawbacks. The chapter provides an in-depth review of the history and progress of IANL methods, including their positive and negative aspects, as well as modifications made to reduce morbidity and neurosensory abnormalities. Additionally, the author presents their own integrated strategy for IANL, which combines bone graft compaction with collagen membrane nerve shielding to improve postoperative results. Beyond IANL, this chapter also explores alternative treatment options for the posterior mandibular region, including bone grafting and short implants. These techniques are crucial for overcoming the limitations imposed by atrophic ridges and promoting successful implant placement. The chapter concludes with practical advice on how to overcome these obstacles and achieve good results in this challenging region.
An Emerging Role for Primary Cilia of the Renal Glomerulus: Implications and Considerations for Pathogenesis of Glomerular Diseases
Authors: Fitzsimons Lindsey
Published: November 2024

Primary cilia are highly specialized, sensory protrusions elaborated from nearly all eukaryotic cells. Our knowledge of their structure and function continues to evolve, driven by an expanding clinical prevalence of human diseases causally linked to primary cilia-specific, genetic mutations. Such mutations often lead to the translation of malformed, non-functional or even absent ciliary proteins, damage the structural integrity of and/or prevent the elaboration of the cilium entirely, and lead to a spectrum of congenital abnormalities/diseases, termed ciliopathies. In the kidneys, genetic mutations linked to primary cilia cause nephronophthisis, autosomal dominant and recessive polycystic kidney diseases, and even renal carcinoma. However, documentation of primary cilia, specific to the glomerulus (the spherical, filtering/functional unit of the nephron), remains scarce and is poorly understood. As such, many chronic kidney diseases, notably glomerular diseases, lack characterization/acknowledgment of primary cilia as instigators of, and/or even reno-protective target effectors mediating many of the molecular disease processes involved therein. The following chapter will provide an up-to-date, comprehensive summary of primary cilia from relevant glomerular cell types, discuss novel implications for future study to improve our understanding of glomerular diseases, and provide a body of evidence in support for the development/efficacy of future therapies/treatments targeting glomerular primary cilia.