bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ESSENCE OF THE PRINCIPLE OF THE RULE OF LAW
Authors:   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogikal University, Kostetsky S.
Published: March 2023

This article reveals the fundamental principles and features of the rule of law, as well as its importance for the rule of law. In particular, it was emphasized that a special place among all the principles of the rule of law belongs to the principle of legality. It is noted that legality and discipline are the basic conditions for the existence of any democratic state, its mandatory features. They are inseparable from each other. Requirements for compliance with legality (a political and legal phenomenon characterized by unwavering compliance with the requirements of current legislation by all subjects of public administration relations) and discipline (conscious compliance with the rules of conduct established by legal and other social norms in state and public life) are addressed, first of all, to bodies of public administration. The main approaches to the modern interpretation of the content of the principle of the rule of law are considered, in particular: formal; substantive (material and legal); functional. It is emphasized that most scientists consider the rule of law as the rule of law in society, where state power is exercised within the limits of the law, and the court, which is independent from other state authorities, makes legal and fair decisions, where priority is given to the rights and interests of the individual; as a manifestation of justice, humanism and goodness; as a phenomenon that gives rise to democracy and becomes the main prerequisite for the creation of a legal state.
NATIONAL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AUTHORITY: FEATURES OF EUROPEAN FUNCTIONING PRACTICE
Authors:   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogikal University, Troshkina K.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the scientific research is a detailed analysis of the organization and activity of the national intellectual property body in European countries. The analysis of the European experience of intellectual property bodies is a necessary foundation for the Ukrainian mechanism in the context of the implementation of positive aspects and integration into the European environment. As a result of the conducted research, it was concluded that in such European countries as Great Britain, France, Germany, Spain and Poland, a single universal model of building national intellectual property bodies has not been developed; each state has a special system of intellectual property bodies; at the same time, despite the diversity of sub-departments and the organizational structure of the national intellectual property bodies of each of these countries, there are several common features - regulation by the national institutional law, sub-department to one of the governmental branch ministries, competitive selection of the staff (head and members, with their division into qualified members and experts).
EVIDENCE AND EVIDENCE IN THE ECONOMIC PROCESS DURING THE CONSIDERATION OF CASES IN THE SPHERE OF ECONOMIC AND COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES: NOVELTIES OF NATIONAL PRACTICE
Authors:   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State University, Manzhula A. , Vlasov A. ,   Volodymyr Vynnychenko Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the topical issue of studying and summarizing novelties of national practice regarding evidence and proof in the economic process during consideration of cases in the field of economic and commercial activity. The subject of the study is the national practice of commercial courts in cases related to economic and commercial activity. The author substantiates the need to research this issue, taking into account the previous shortcomings of the national legislation in the application of evidence during the proving in the economic process. The essence of the evidence is revealed as any data on the basis of which the court establishes the presence or absence of circumstances (facts) justifying the claims and objections of the participants in the case, and other circumstances that are important for the resolution of the case. The types of evidence established by economic procedural legislation have been studied, namely written, tangible and electronic evidence; conclusions of experts; testimony of witnesses. Emphasized attention, must meet the established criteria: appropriateness, admissibility, probability, sufficiency. It has been demonstrated that the amendment to the standard of proof of "probability of evidence", as opposed to "sufficiency of evidence", emphasizes the need for the court to compare the evidence provided by the plaintiff and the defendant. That is, with the introduction of the new standard of proof, it is necessary not to provide enough evidence to confirm a certain circumstance, but to provide exactly the amount that will be able to outweigh the arguments of the opposite side of the court process. In addition, the main novelties regarding evidence in the context of economic and commercial activity were analyzed. It was found that the judicial practice of using various means of proof is formed, but it is not unambiguous. For example, some commercial courts allow the possibility of using certain types of evidence, while some consider these evidences inappropriate and inadmissible.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF THE LEGISLATION ON ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE OF UKRAINE AND POLAND
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Economics named after Vadym Hetman, Tsvirkun Yu.
Published: March 2023

The comparative analysis of the separate Law of Ukraine "About administrative procedure" and Code of administrative realization of Republic of Poland provisions is carried out in the article. In particular, the state of the normatively-legal providing of functioning of collective subjects of public administration is analysed in Ukraine and Poland. Accented, that Law of Ukraine is "On administrative procedure", that inures on December, 15, 2023, must put in order procedures of mutual relations, that arise up between a person and organs of public administration in Ukraine. The list of positive innovations that Law of Ukraine must provide "On administrative procedure" with inuring his positions is given. On the basis of the conducted analysis drawn conclusion, that the Ukrainian and Polish model of administrative justice is similar. It is marked that a normatively-legal act about administrative procedure must be detailed and touch all important questions in relation to administrative realization. In addition, a group of norms of this act should be aimed separately at regulating the behavior and activities of collegial subjects of public administration. Attention is drawn to the fact that the essence, types, functions and powers of collegial subjects of public administration are defined rather poorly in the adopted Law of Ukraine "On Administrative Procedure". The main components of the administrative procedures that will be carried out by these entities remain unregulated. Legislative gaps regarding the responsibility of collegial administrative bodies can deepen the problem of their violation of the rights, freedoms and interests of individuals. It is argued that it is necessary to create effective mechanisms at the level of the law, which would ensure clear regulation of the procedural aspect of a person's relations with collegial subjects of public administration. A conclusion was made about the need to delimit the regulation of the scope of powers of collegial administrative bodies and to properly reflect the specifics of their implementation in the legislation of Ukraine on administrative procedure. Ways of improving the norms of substantive law, which regulate the rules of administrative procedures, taking into account the experience of the Republic of Poland in this area, are considered.
USING CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR DIAGNOSING SKIN CANCER
Authors: Михайлусов А.В.
Published: March 2023

в ходе исследования продемонстрирована возможность классификации изображений кожных образований, полученных с помощью дерматоскопии, с целью последующей диагностики рака кожи и других смежных поражений кожи. Задача классификации решалась с помощью аппарата сверточных искусственных нейронных сетей (CNN) с применением слоев субдискретизации. Показана структура исходной обучающей выборки, произведена подготовка изображений для последующего обучения модели. Весь набор имеющихся обучающих данных был разделён на тестовую и обучающую выборки. Приведены основные преимущества применения сверточных искусственных нейронных сетей в раках решения задачи классификации изображений, а также описаны способы оптимизации модели для уменьшения ресурсоемкости процесса обучения. Описаны основные параметры архитектуры разработанной искусственной нейронной сети, одна часть которых была настроена стандартным значением, а другая часть подбиралась экспериментально в ходе исследования для получения оптимальной модели, которая давала доставочную точность классификации и обладала приемлемой ресурсоемкостью. Проведен анализ качества работы модели в зависимости от различных настроек архитектуры модели и представлен конечный вариант архитектуры сети. Приведен график точности классификации конечной версии модели

the study demonstrated the possibility of classifying images of skin lesions obtained using dermatoscopy, with the aim of subsequent diagnosis of skin cancer and other adjacent skin lesions. The classification problem was solved using the apparatus of convolutional artificial neural networks (CNN) using subsampling layers. The structure of the initial training sample is shown, images are prepared for subsequent training of the model. And also the entire set of available training data was divided into test and training sets. The paper presents the main advantages of using convolutional artificial neural networks in solving the problem of image classification, and also describes ways to optimize the model to reduce the resource intensity of the learning process. The main parameters of the architecture of the developed artificial neural network are described, one part of which was tuned with standard values, and the other part was selected experimentally during the study to obtain an optimal model that gave a sufficient classification accuracy and had an acceptable resource intensity. The analysis of the quality of the model operation depending on various settings of the model architecture is carried out and the final version of the network architecture is presented. A graph of the classification accuracy of the final version of the model is given
ANALYSIS OF SIGNAL TRANSMISSION ALGORITHMS AND SPEED ADAPTATION IN IEEE 802.11 NETWORKS
Authors: Свиридова И.В. , Хорошайлова М.В. , Лялин Д.В.
Published: March 2023

проведен анализ схем с адаптированными скоростями и обобщенными их характеристиками. Устройства разделяются на различные категории в соответствии с их схемным моделированием и функциональными возможностями с точки зрения стратегий, которые используются для оценки состояния канала и принятия решений. Реализованы некоторые алгоритмы из разных категорий в сетевом симуляторе NS-3, чтобы оценить их производительность в различных протоколах и режимах. Представлены данные для будущих исследований, которые помогут улучшить существующие подходы адаптации скорости. Беспроводные технологии используются в различных современных устройствах благодаря простоте их использования и присущей им мобильности. Большинство беспроводных стандартов поддерживает несколько параметров скорости передачи данных, которые могут варьироваться от нескольких Мбит/с до нескольких Гбит/с. Достижение максимальной поддерживаемой скорости передачи данных - это то, к чему стремится большинство современных устройств. Стандарт IEEE 802.11 ввел многоскоростную передачу данных, с тех пор было проведено много исследований по адаптации скорости, рассматриваются различные параметры, которые приводят к оценке качества и правильности работы алгоритма адаптации

the article analyzes schemes with adapted speeds and their generalized characteristics. Devices are divided into different categories according to their circuit modeling and functional capabilities in terms of strategies that are used to assess the state of the channel and make decisions. Some algorithms from different categories are implemented in the NS-3 network simulator to evaluate their performance in various protocols and modes. The article presents data for future research that will help improve existing approaches to speed adaptation. Wireless technologies are used in various modern devices due to their ease of use and inherent mobility. Most wireless standards support several data transfer rate parameters that can range from several Mbit/s to several Gbit/s. Achieving the maximum supported data transfer rate is what most modern devices strive for. The IEEE 802.11 standard introduced multi-speed data transmission, since then a lot of research has been conducted on speed adaptation, various parameters are considered that lead to an assessment of the quality and correctness of the adaptation algorithm
INFLUENCE OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND DISINFECTANTS ON THE BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY OF E.COLI
Authors:   Siberian Federal Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk Region, Krasnoobsk settlement 630501, Russian Federation, Nefedova Ekaterina V. , Shkil Nikolay N. ,   Siberian Federal Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk Region, Krasnoobsk settlement 630501, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

Studies have been carried out to determine the synergistic effect of using combinations of disinfectants and silver nanoparticles. A significant increase in bactericidal concentration was revealed when combined with AgNPs against E. coli ATCC 25922 in Algavit 25 in 64 (from 200 to 3.12 μg / ml) and Dairy EcoGex in 66.6 (from 100 to 1.5 μg / ml ) times, respectively. When cultivating the E. coli isolate with Senso Dip 50, Ital Mast up blue, Algavit 25, Dairy EcoGex together with AgNPs, an 8-fold increase in bactericidal concentration was established.
CORROSIVENESS OF DISINFECTANTS BASED ON PERACETIC ACID
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation, Babunova Veronica S. , Osipova Irina S. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation, Popov Petr A. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation, Dementieva Anastasia A. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Ecology – Branch of Federal Scientific Center – K.I. Skryabin, Ya.R. Kovalenko All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123022, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

The article presents the results of studying the corrosiveness of seven complex disinfectants containing, along with peracetic acid (PAA), hydrogen peroxide and acetic acid. All samples were encrypted. As test objects, details of the chicken processing line at the meat processing plant were used: bushings, fingers of a picking machine, round rubber discs, steel chain links, part of the conveyor belt and other parts of various shapes. It was found that all tested disinfectants based on PAA have a corrosive effect on the test objects of the chicken processing line. The most aggressive in effect were the means with the codes 02/22 and 03/22. The use of such disinfectants is economically unprofitable for meat processing enterprises.
DETERMINATION OF THE RESIDUAL CONTENT OF CHLORAMPHENICOL IN POULTRY MEAT BY ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY USING THE INGVAR InCAP TEST SYSTEM
Authors:   Russian Biotechnological University, (BIOTECH University), Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Satyukova Ludmila P. , Sedykh Elena S. ,   Russian Biotechnological University, (BIOTECH University), Moscow 125080, Russian Federation, Grudev Artem I. ,   Federal Center for Animal Health Protection Moscow 111622, Russian Federation, Shubina Elena G. ,   Federal Center for Animal Health Protection Moscow 111622, Russian Federation, Shopinskay Marina I. ,   Department of Veterinary Medicine Agrarian Technological Institute Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

Conduct comparative analysis of the methods used in the territory of the Russian Federation for the determination of chloramphenicol by enzyme immunoassay was carried out. The results of the experiments on testing the InCAP test system for the determination of chloramphenicol in poultry meat by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) are also presented. The results obtained were comparable with the method of high-performance liquid chromatography with a mass spectrometric detector (HPLC MS/MS).
EVALUATION OF THE SPECIFIC ACTIVITY OF INTERFERON-CONTAINING DRUG ON THE MODEL OF CARRAGEENAN INFLAMMATION
Authors:   All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy (ARVRIPP&T), Voronezh 394087, Russian Federation, Shabunin Sergey V. , Vostroilova Galina A. ,   All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy (ARVRIPP&T), Voronezh 394087, Russian Federation, Gritsyuk Vasilina A. ,   All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy (ARVRIPP&T), Voronezh 394087, Russian Federation, Shabanov Dmitriy I. ,   All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy (ARVRIPP&T), Voronezh 394087, Russian Federation, Khokhlova Nina A. ,   All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy (ARVRIPP&T), Voronezh 394087, Russian Federation, Korchagina Anastasiya A. ,   All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy (ARVRIPP&T), Voronezh 394087, Russian Federation, Nekrasov Artem V. ,   All-Russian Veterinary Research Institute of Pathology, Pharmacology and Therapy (ARVRIPP&T), Voronezh 394087, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

The article discusses an experimental model of acute carrageenan inflammation, and the possibility of correcting this state using interferon-containing drug. For the experiment, white laboratory rats (n=24) were selected, divided into 3 groups of 8 individuals. Modeling of acute inflammation was carried out by introducing a 1% solution of carrageenan into the plantar aponeurosis. The study drug was intramuscularly administered to experimental rats in a volume of 0.1 ml/kg, while to compare the results, the rats of the comparison drug group were intramuscularly administered diclofenac at a dose of 8 mg/kg, the animals of the control group - isotonic sodium chloride solution in a volume of 0.1 ml/ kg, intramuscularly. It was found that 3 hours after the administration of carrageenan, the weight of the paws in the rats of the control group significantly exceeded the index of intact limbs of the same group by 32.7%, while in the group with the use of the studied drug, edema was expressed by 1.7 times less than in the control group. In the group that was administered diclofenac, the anti-edematous effect was by 20% higher than in the control group, and more pronounced than that of the study drug. The experiment has shown that the studied drug exhibits anti-inflammatory properties.
THE EFFECT OF A PHYTOPREPARATION BASED ON NEEDLES ON THE IMMUNITY OF BROILER CHICKENS UNDER VACCINE STRESS
Authors:   Siberian Research Institute of poultry farming – branch of the Omsk Agricultural Research Center, p. Morozovka, Omsk Region 644555, Russian Federation, Zadorozhnaya Marina V. , Lysko Svetlana B. ,   Siberian Research Institute of poultry farming – branch of the Omsk Agricultural Research Center, p. Morozovka, Omsk Region 644555, Russian Federation, Suntsova Olga A. ,   Siberian Research Institute of poultry farming – branch of the Omsk Agricultural Research Center, p. Morozovka, Omsk Region 644555, Russian Federation, Vlasenko Vasily S. ,   Omsk Agricultural Research Center, Omsk 644012, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

The article presents the results of studying the effect of a phytopreparation based on needles on the cellular and humoral immunity of broiler chickens of the ROSS 308 cross under vaccine stress. For the experiment, 4 groups of 25 heads were formed. Chickens of the control group were on the main diet. In the diet of the 1st experimental group, a phytopreparation based on needles was introduced with water, the 2nd and 3rd - with food. At the age of 14 days, the chickens were vaccinated against Newcastle disease (ND). In broiler chickens vaccinated against ND and receiving the phytopreparation with feed, a more pronounced stimulating effect was noted, characterized by an increase in the number of T-lymphocytes by 1.3-1.8 times, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes - by 1.1-1.9 times , as well as the activity of cationic proteins - by 0.1-0.6 c.u. When drinking a complex of biologically active substances, only activation of intracellular antimicrobial peptides was observed, but in a longer period after vaccination.
Mohsin Hamid’s New Paradigm of Travel via Doorway
Authors: Cuthbertson Gloria
Published: March 2023

Traditional travel narratives prioritize the time between a character’s departure and destination. The very act of travel, whether by automobile, foot, or plane, is often the focus of study for literary scholars of this particular genre. Mohsin Hamid’s 2017 novel Exit West diverges in a curious way from this norm; the characters in Hamid’s acclaimed novel about emigration and refugees features characters who bounce around the world via magical doors, which are themselves hardly discussed in the larger narrative. I propose that through his use of otherworldly doors as the method of travel, Hamid highlights how the danger refugees face does not end when their travel concludes. By minimizing their journey to simply walking through a doorway, he prevents readers from hyper-focusing on refugee travel and directs attention to the struggles that exist beyond the physical trials of migrating. My argument will make use of the theoretical lens of ethnic studies, which reveals power structures in place that influence the lives of marginalized subjects and precarious travelers. By considering the power dynamics at play in Exit West, it is apparent that the non-traditional aspect of Hamid’s travel narrative influences how the novel’s refugee protagonists are perceived. Hamid’s work ignores both the formal expectations for refugee narratives, and offers a new paradigm (via his magical door) to show that lifechanging experiences for refugees exist beyond their physical journey.
The Best Points to Score: An Econometric Approach to Competitive League of Legends
Authors: Young Kevin
Published: March 2023

Professional League of Legends is incredibly complex. With 150+ playable characters, 100s of items to buy, and thousands of decisions to make, the possibilities are endless. So how, then, are people supposed to consistently win? Many analysts have approached this question, using the at-the-time best options of characters, items, and compositions. In this paper, we approach League of Legends from the constants; the things every game of League has and measure their value to game result. Through models, we find that tower destruction leads over every other factor. We also find that gold advantage plays a large role as well. Map objectives seem to impact game result less but have impactful results on tower destruction and gold advantage, which in turn impact game result. Additionally, we find that early game metrics, such as first blood or first tower, have significant impact on gold advantage, but are insignificant to game result.
A Glimpse Through Time: Preliminary Report of the Andre’s Alcove Tracksite, Lower Jurassic Navajo Sandstone, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Utah
Authors: Bennett Conner , Milner Andrew R.C. , Harris Jerry
Published: March 2023

In November 2018, a team of researchers from the National Park Service and the St. George Dinosaur Discovery Site documented fossil vertebrate tracks at the Andre’s Alcove Tracksite (AAT) in the Lower Jurassic (?190–185 Ma) Navajo Sandstone in Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Utah. The tracks at the AAT were photo-documented for photogrammetric processing using Agisoft Photoscan Professional to enable the track surface to be studied remotely. Ichnotaxa already identified at the AAT include those of small ornithischian dinosaurs (Anomoepus), theropod dinosaurs (Grallator, Eubrontes), and protosuchian crocodylomorphs (Batrachopus). Vertebrate body fossils are rarer in the Navajo Sandstone than in underlying, earlier Jurassic strata; the AAT site therefore provides important insights into late Early Jurassic vertebrate diversity and behaviors at the onset of the Navajo Erg in the American Southwest.
Ecological Separation in an Ongoing Speciation Event
Authors: Ingram Samantha , Rotter Michael
Published: March 2023

There are many factors that contribute to speciation events. Pollination is often seen as the biggest driver of speciation particularly when pollinators discriminate against certain traits. This discrimination of pollinators is driven by a variety of plant morphological traits, possibly leading specific pollinators to have a strong plant preference. However, phenological characteristics can serve an important role in separating species. For instance, if two plants differ in flowering time then there will be reproductive isolation between them, which then leads to potential speciation. These biotic and phenotypic influences can act together to rapidly diversify plant lineages. Studying these differences between pollinator preference and phenological differences can be important for predicting gene flow and how speciation events may start to occur. We tested for differences in phenological patterns by completing a series of experiments using two subspecies of rabbitbrush; germination trials, multiple observational field trials, and chemical analysis. This study will provide an understanding of the ongoing diversification events of rabbitbrush. Thereby, contributing to a more general and deeper understanding of how ecological roles, between pollinator and plant, contribute to evolution. It also may answer questions about what makes a species a species or subspecies. The specific focus of this paper will be on germination phenological characters.
Older Adults With Vision Impairment: Living Their Best Life
Authors: Cash Ántonia , Trujillo Tanner Corinna , Wilson Anderson Alina , Christenson Jadison , Smith Marinn , Allen Jessica , Ruda Petr
Published: March 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to synthesize evidence from a review of literature and interviews with vision loss experts to offer recommendations for older adults living with vision impairment, their family members, community members, and health care providers to foster functional independence and quality of life.

Background

The term “vision impairment” (VI) describes difficulty in accomplishing activities of daily living (ADLS), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) or other functions due to an inability to see well. 9% of adults age 65 and older experience VI with the highest prevalence among those over age 80 (25%). VI is associated with depression, social isolation, low quality of life, loss of independence, and cognitive decline. Individuals may not be aware of strategies to diminish the impact of VI.

Method

We performed a search for peer-reviewed articles published between 1980–2022 using the CINAHL, Medline, and PubMed databases. Search terms included: older adult, vision impairment, blind, activities of daily living, independence, quality of life, magnification, lighting, and older adults. Eleven relevant articles were selected. We also spoke with several experts, including a certified occupational therapist’s assistant who specializes in geriatrics, a licensed clinical social worker specializing in older adults with vision impairment, and a blindness rehabilitation sensory impairment specialist.

Recommendations

Recommendations fall into two categories: lived environment modifications and interpersonal interactions. Environment modifications include lighting, magnification, contrast, and nonvisual skills to augment remaining vision. Interpersonal interactions, such as following certain guidelines when entering or exiting a room and respecting personal boundaries, can increase autonomy and independence. Older adults receive regular eye exams to be assessed for refractive error and eye disease. When simple changes are made and maintained by older adults with VI and those who interact with them, increased independence and quality of life can be achieved.
Are Caterpillars Evolving Through Feeding Behavior in Response to Parasitoids?
Authors: Hoffman Mason K. , Rotter Michael
Published: March 2023

Cabbage loopers (Trichoplusia ni) are herbivores that are commonly preyed upon by many different species of parasitoid wasps. These wasps reproduce by injecting its gestated eggs into 2-3rd instar caterpillars. After injection of wasp eggs, studies have shown some caterpillars will shift behavior in reaction to the injection. The result of the hatching eggs is termination of the caterpillar. I specifically look at this feeding behavior in the caterpillar after injection, using different phytochemically active plant species to show that there is a conscious attempt at self-medication from the caterpillars. This is extremely important as the trophic effect that herbivores have on the local plant competition, especially between native and non-native plant species, which create a domino effect on the entire ecosystem and its survival. We use two different phytochemically active plant species: Nasturtium officinale, a phytochemically rich plant, and Mimulus guttatus, a phytochemically benign plant. We then measured the percent consumed on a given leaf, before and after injection of a silica bead into 4-5th instar cabbage loopers, using different injection type groups totaling 65 caterpillars each assigned to one specific plant individual that it will feed on for the duration of the experiment. For the percent of leaf consumed, injection type was not significantly different. Caterpillars that were stabbed but not injected (SN) were significantly different than those that were not stabbed. Plant type and plant type with an interaction term of injection type were not significantly different in percent of leaf tissue consumed. Suggesting no preference in diet, or respective feeding behavior change.
Attachment of Human Osteoblasts on Carbon-Infiltrated Carbon Nanotubes Versus Medical Grade Titanium Alloy
Authors: DeMordaunt Natalia , Solorio Aleski
Published: March 2023

Finding optimal attachment of human bone cells to artificial implants is pertinent research in order to develop functional implants that will last a lifetime for patients. Carbon-infiltrated carbon nanotubes (CICNT) are being researched as a potential implant surface due to their antibacterial properties. However, little research has been done into whether they are a compatible surface for the growth of bone cells. Human fetal osteoblasts (hFOB 1.19) were used as experimental cells to test adaptation on implant surfaces. Medical grade titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) was tested either as a bare surface or coated with CICNT. A luminescent ATP assay was used to quantify the growth of the bone cells on both materials. A standard curve was developed to correlate the luminescent signal from ATP release to the number of cells present. Data showed that fewer cells were present on both the bare titanium chips and the CICNT chips per unit area than the cells that grew on the plastic well around the chips. Both materials supported a certain level of cell growth, but the titanium chips supported more cells per unit area than the CICNT coated chips. This data provides insight as to the biocompatibility of a CICNT surface coating for medical implants.
IMPROVEMENT OF THE ORGANIZATION AND CONTENT OF PALESTINIAN READINGS BY THE DIOCESAL
DEPARTMENTS OF THE IMPERIAL ORTHODOX PALESTINIAN SOCIETY AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XX
CENTURY
Authors:   Nizhnevartovsk State
            University, Tsys V.V. , Tsys O.P. ,   Nizhnevartovsk State
            University
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the issues of improving the organization and content of the
Palestinian readings, held by the diocesan departments of the Imperial Orthodox
Palestinian Society in the early twentieth century. The directions of the relevant
changes are identified, which include: the creation of special commissions that
coordinated the activities of conducting readings, attempts to form mobile groups for
readings in rural areas, the use of visualization tools (“magic lanterns and “foggy
pictures” for them), joint singing or performance musical works by an invited choir,
demonstration of objects brought from the Holy Land (icons, stones, palm branches,
shells, etc.) and, in some cases, distribution of pieces of earth and water from the
Jordan River brought from Palestine. Informing about upcoming readings was carried out
by publishing advertisements in newspapers, posting posters, orally in a church or
educational institution, as well as striking a church bell. It is concluded that despite
a number of successes in improving the content and organization of the Palestinian
readings, the gradual accumulation of experience in their conduct, nevertheless,
interesting findings, techniques proposed and put into practice by various diocesan
departments were not analyzed and generalized, did not become the subject of general
attention and replication, which served as a deterrent to the further growth of their
popularity.
PEASANT COMMITTEES OF PUBLIC MUTUAL ASSISTANCE OF THE KUZNETSK DISTRICT IN
1922-1932
Authors:   Federal Re-search Center of Coal
            and Coal Chemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of
            Sciences, Morozov N.M.
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the current and littlestudied problem of the activities
of the crusades in the Kuznetscom district. With the involvement of documents of the
regional archive, the author traces the process of renewal and development of peasant
committees of public mutual assistance in the prefarm de reven, determines the role of
local party bodies, district and district social welfare departments and district
committees of public mutual assistance in organizing the internal life of peasant
committees. The categories of recipients of social assistance of the poor peasantry were
identified: former Red Army soldiers and Red partisans, disabled and victims of white
terror, Red Army families, widows and orphans, Labor soldiers, sick and old who were in
material need. The main sources of social power were identified, these are: membership
fees; funds of peasant mutual assistance committees, which were replenished by obtaining
orphan property, voluntary collection of donations, self-maintenance of their members
according to the approved norm from tithing, funds from the sale of crops collected from
public farms. Labor assistance to large widows was reduced to you-bringing firewood,
hay, spring plowing and other hard work. It was established that in the second half of
the 1920s. with the development of free trade, the economic activity of rural mutual
assistance societies increased, covering about 50% Crean households, including part of
the middle peasants. Their activities became more diverse and were aimed at increasing
public supply, organizing joint ventures (mills, rental of agricultural equipment,
etc.). The expansion of the possibility of labor cooperation was facilitated by the
exemption of peasant committees from taxes and fees, and the provision of loans. The
general problem was the extremely unsatisfactory failure by the apparatus of the
district and village councils to meet the needs of peasant committees. During the period
of mass collectivization, their land and seed funds provided significant material
assistance for the economic formation of collective farms.
THE BRIDGE HEAD OF “BIG OIL”: THE FIRST SETTLEMENT OF GEOLOGICAL EXPLORERS IN
SURGUT
Authors:   Surgut Museum of Local
            Lore, Rashevsky V.V. ,   Tyumen State
            University
Published: March 2023

The article considers the process of formation of the first settlement of
prospectors who arrived in Surgut in 1957 to organize oil exploration. Special attention
is paid to the creation of industrial and settlement infrastructure based on the memoirs
of “shadow actors” collected by the author – direct participants in the events,
newspaper publications and archival materials. The importance of the first settlement of
geologists is noted as the main springboard for future geological exploration in one of
the promising oil areas of the Middle Ob region. The author notes that the
infrastructure of the exploration village was compactly created in close proximity to
the main life support facilities of the Surgut district center. This circumstance made
it possible to compensate for the difficulties that arose as a result of the unsettled
nature of geologists. A positive aspect was the proximity of the village to the main
transport hub – the Ob River. This ensured the successful construction of transport
logistics with other settlements in the region and the main base of the expedition,
located in Novosibirsk. This circumstance in subsequent years made it possible to
organize oil prospecting operations in the districts adjacent to Surgut, where separate
parties of geologists were located. The bridgehead of the Surgut oil exploration
expedition became the main resource center, where the material and technical arsenal for
the rest of the geological units of the region, required for the search and discovery of
the first oil fields, was accumulated and distributed.
COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING (CLT) AND CLASSROOM INTERACTION: IMPLICATION TO THE FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING
Authors: Gabriel Fredi Da’ar
Published: March 2023

Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) and Classroom Interaction: Implication to the Foreign Language Learning and Teaching. Language learning aims to gain competence in the language studied both language skills (reading, writing, listening and speaking) and the components of language (sentence patterns, vocabulary and pronunciation). Some ways can be employed to achieve the goals such as independent learning and guided one. In language learning, several approaches are applicable, one of which is Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). Teachers apply this approach with the aim that students have enough time to negotiate and manipulate real situations into the classroom through dialogue, discussion, story-telling, game, roleplay, and debate. Through these activities the learners get a lot of input from the community of learning
PARENTAL GUIDANCE SERVICE: KIAT MENINGKATKAN KETERLIBATAN ORANG TUA DALAM PAUD
Authors: Fransiskus de Gomes
Published: March 2023

Salah satu faktor penghambat keberhasilan PAUD adalah rendahnya keterlibatan orang tua siswa. Hal ini disebabkan oleh minimnya pemahaman orang tua akan bentuk dan manfaat keterlibatannya dalam proses dan pengalaman belajar anaknya di PAUD. Mereka tidak terlibat karena tidak mengerti. Solusinya adalah sekolah menyediakan suatu layanan bimbingan yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman orang tua siswa akan bentukdan manfaat keterlibatannya di PAUD. Pemahaman itulah yang akan memotivasi orang tua untuk terlibat aktif dalam pendidikan anaknya di PAUD.
AZƏRBAYCAN RESPUBLİKASINDA ƏHALİNİN YOXSULLUQ PROBLEMİ
Authors: Vəfa Dünyamalıyeva, Elvin Həsənov Vəfa Dünyamalıyeva, Elvin Həsənov
Published: March 2023

Yoxsulluq səviyyəsi bütün dünya ölkələrində olduğu kimi Azərbaycan Respublikasında da diqqət mərkəzində saxlanılan məsələlərdəndir. Azərbaycan iqtisadiyyatının 2001-ci ildən sonrakı illərinin artım illəri adlandırılmasının səbəbi qeyd olunan dövrdə ölkə iqtisadiyyatının daim inkişaf edən iqtisadiyyata malik olması ilə bağlıdır. Əldə olunan makroiqtisadi sabitlik bu dövrdə də davam etmiş, əvvəlki razılaşmaların nəticələri iqtisadi mühitə dinamizm gətirmiş, birbaşa xarici kapitalla yanaşı yerli kapital da dövrəyə girmişdir. Bu dövrdə hədəflənən məqsədlər enerji sektorunun yenidən qurulması və potensialının artırılması, iqtisadi siyasətin sürətləndirilməsi və gücləndirilməsi yolu ilə iqtisadi artımın davam etdirilməsi, əldə olunan inkişaf səviyyəsinə uyğun olaraq iqtisadi siyasətin sosial aspektinin və buna uyğun olaraq sosial rifah səviyyəsinin yüksəldilməsi, enerji sektorunun sürətli inkişafı nəticəsində əldə edilən resursların başqa sahələrə yönəldilməsi kimi nəzərdə tutulmuşdur.
Məqalə Azərbaycan Respublikasında yoxsulluğa təsir edən amillərin təhlili və qiymətləndirilməsinə həsr olunmuşdur. Azərbaycan Respublikasında əhalinin yoxsulluq problemi və onun səviyyəsinin müəyyən edilməsi məsələləri təhlil edilmiş, habelə Azərbaycanda əhalinin yoxsulluq səviyyəsinə təsir edən amillərin təhlili və qiymətləndirilməsi aparılmışdır.
Açar sözlər: yoxsulluq, işsizlik, sosial bərabərsizlik, təsir amilləri, ailə tərkibi
AZƏRBAYCAN RESPUBLİKASINDA TƏBİİ EHTİYATLARDAN İSTİFADƏNİN ÜMUMİ
SƏCİYYƏSİ
Authors: Aynur Cabbarova, İlqar Əsgərli Aynur Cabbarova, İlqar Əsgərli
Published: March 2023

Azərbaycanda yeraltı faydalı qazıntılar ümumi təbii sərvətlərin tərkib hissəsi olmaqla ölkəmizin iqtisadi və sosial-siyasi müstəqilliyini şərtləndirən əsas amillərdəndir. Azərbaycan Respublikasının iqtisadi potensialının artması onun ərazisində kəşf edilmiş müxtəlif faydalı qazıntı yataqlarının ehtiyatlarından səmərəli istifadə edilməsi, mədənçıxarma və emal sənayesinin inkişafı ilə bağlıdır. Bu səbəbdən müasir dövrdə mineral ehtiyatların əhəmiyyəti durmadan artır. Hal-hazırda ölkəmizin iqtisadi inkişafı, makroiqtisadi göstəricilərinə nəzər salsaq, burada neft-qaz sənayesinin mühüm rol oynadığını görmək olar. Neft-qaz sənayesinin təsiri həmçinin sənaye istehsalında, büdcə gəlirlərində, investisiya və ixracatın həcmində də əks olunmaqdadır. Neft və qaz gəlirləri hesabına iqtisadi inkişaf regional infrastrukturun təkmilləşdirilməsi, qeyri-neft sektorunun inkişafı və yeni iş yerlərinin yaradılması üçün güclü stimuldur. Azərbaycanın neft-qaz potensialı, mövcud infrastruktur burada hasilatın daha yüksək templə davam etdirilməsini təmin etməyə imkan verir.
Məqalədə ölkəmizdə neft-qaz hasilatının həcmi, enerji istehlak göstəriciləri, Azərbaycan Respublikasının ərazisində yerləşən əsas göllərin morfometrik xüsusiyyətləri, dəmir filizi yataqlarının etibarlı mineral-xammal bazası funksiyası, enerji təhlükəsizliyinin təmin olunmasının əsas prinsipləri və s. bu kimi məsələlər tədqiq olunmuşdur.
Açar sözlər: təbii ehtiyatlar, neft-qaz yataqları, enerji sistemi, su ehtiyatları, dəmir filizi yataqları
MODELING THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF METHANOL PRODUCTION
Authors: Rauf Babayev, Lala Nabieva Rauf Babayev, Lala Nabieva
Published: March 2023

Among the technologies of large-scale production of various artificial liquid fuels, one of the most promising is the technology of obtaining methanol from synthesis gas, produced in turn from coal or natural gas. Methanol is a multi-purpose intermediate, on the basis of which various important chemical products can be obtained, as well as an environmentally friendly liquid fuel and solvent. It is convenient for transportation and storage. In recent years, the value of methanol has increased dramatically. Remaining the most important chemical raw material (semi-product), it can help solve most acute and urgent problems of energy, transport, ecology, since methanol can serve as a universal energy carrier, component and raw material for the production of motor fuels, high-octane additives, hydrogen, carbon source for microbiological synthesis of proteins. Interest in methanol is also evident in the formation of long-term energy strategies aimed primarily at solving
The paper presents mathematical modeling of the technological process of methanol production. The model of kinetics is calculated according to two main reactions (reactions of interaction of carbon monoxide with hydrogen, carbon dioxide with hydrogen) occurring in kolonne sinteza. Model of dependence of volumetric flow rate and methanol concentration on linear velocity. Model of the dependence of the density of aqueous methanol solutions on concentration and temperature. The influence of regime and technological parameters on the process of obtaining methanol is considered. Based on the analysis of models, the most optimal technological parameters can be selected, which are used to improve the efficiency of the process and the yield of the target product.
Keywords: methyl alcohol, reactions in the synthesis column, reaction models
The Cryoplanation Terraces in the Territory of the Velký Špičák in the Českomoravská Vrchovina (Bohemian-Moravian Uplands)
Authors: Horník Stanislav
Published: March 2023

The author presents in his paper the results of his study of the slope terraces and summit flats on the gneisses of the Velký Špičák in the Českomoravská vrchovina [(Bohemian-Moravian Uplands). The territory borders upon the edge of the granite massif which has influenced the mineral associations of the present metamorphosed rocks. It has even caused their migmatitization. The author takes over the basic nomenclature from the publication of J. Demek (1969). He describes selected cryoplanation terraces and their parts. He gives a characterization of local frost-riven cliffs and frost-riven scarps, he describes the sediments on the flats including the soil explanatory borings. He evaluates the relation of the cryoplanation terraces to the geological structure and he describes the active part of cryogenetic forms in their genesis. As favourable for their origin he considers also the deposition conditions, tectonics and character of the weathered local parragneisses. In the locality we can conceive quite concretely the developmental stages of cryoplanation terraces, and it is also possible to follow other interesting cryogenetic phenomena under the natural woody growths of the locality.
¿Hacia una transición energética justa?: consumo energético y segregación residencial en el área metropolitana de Barcelona
Authors: Mejía Veronica , López Joan , Checa Joan
Published: March 2023

El artículo explora la relación entre las desigualdades sociales y la transición energética en el área metropolitana de Barcelona. Así, se analiza hasta qué punto el necesario proceso de mejora de la eficiencia energética y la descarbonización pueden verse asociados no a una reducción sino a un incremento de las desigualdades. Por un lado, se constata como la población de rentas más bajas reside en parques inmobiliarios ineficientes y tiene menor propensión que la media a tomar medidas para mejorar dicha situación. Por otro lado, las áreas más acomodadas presentan una mayor propensión a la implementación de sistemas de autogeneración eléctrica, así como mayor presencia de vehículos eléctricos. La concentración territorial de ambas situaciones puede venir consolidar procesos de desigualdad social y segregación espacial, lo cual hace necesario la adopción de políticas correctivas.
On the Net Distance Matrix of a Signed Block Graph
Authors: Hong Zixuan , Hou Yaoping
Published: March 2023

A connected signed graph Ġ, where all blocks of it are positive cliques or negative cliques (of possibly varying sizes), is called a signed block graph. Let A, N and D̃ be adjacency, net Laplacian and net distance matrices of a signed block graph, respectively. In this paper the formulas for the determinant of A and D̃ were given firstly. Then the inverse (resp. Moore-Penrose inverse) of D̃ is obtained if it is nonsingular (resp. singular), which is the sum of a Laplacian-like matrix and at most two matrices with rank 1.