bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISFUNKCIONALNO DISANJE KOD DECE SA ASTMOM
Authors: Jocić Stojanović Jasmina , Živković Zorica , Veković Vesna , Prijić Andreja
Published: March 2024

Poremećaji disanja kod dece mogu biti posledica funkcionalnih poremećaja disanja sa jedne, i organskih respiratornih bolesti sa druge strane. Simptomi organskih respiratornih bolesti i psihogeni aspekt mogu se preplitati. Jedna od najčešćih hroničnih organskih respiratornih bolesti, na globalnom nivou je astma. Procenjuje se da ovu dijagnozu ima oko 300 miliona ljudi širom sveta i više od 10%  pedijatrijske populacije. Iako su razvijene brojne savremene terapjske opcije za lečenje astme, izvestan procenat pacijenata, uključujući i decu, ima loš odgovor na primenjenu terapiju. U grupi ovih pacijenta lekari bi trebalo da razmotre mogućnost postojanja alternativnih dijagnoza, te da prepoznaju eventualno pridružene ili skrivene poremećaje, koji vode lošoj kontroli simptoma bolesti. U tom smislu, primenom više modaliteta kliničkog ispitivanja, kao i rezultata dobijenog Nijmegen upitnikom, moguće je potvrditi prisustvo simptoma disfunkcionalnog disanja i razmotriti da li prisutni simptomi koegzistiraju sa astmom ili predstavljaju nezavisan entitet. Na taj način kroz adekvatne terapijske procedure, ostvarila bi se bolja kontrola simptoma bolesti, izbegla primena nepotrebnih i potencijalno štetnih terapijskih procedura i omogućilo vraćanje uobičajenim životnim navikama, te postiglo poboljšanje opšteg kvaliteta života dece poremećajima disanja.
RhD IMUNOPROFILAKSA
Authors: Belić Branislava
Published: March 2024

Danas se mnogo ređe, nego pre 45 godina, ispoljavaju problemi uslovljeni imunizacijom RhD antigenom, što je rezultat preventivnog davanja anti-D imunoglobulina. Početkom sistematske Rh zaštite u SAD i Velikoj Britaniji 1969.god. i u našoj zemlji je ona počela da se primenjuje od 1970.god. U radu su prikazani problemi vezani za stvaranje anti D antitela i sprovođenje imunoprofilakse, a dat je i prikaz dosadašnjih rezultata i smanjenje imunizacije RhD negativnih trudnica sa RhD antigenom. Posebna pažnja je ukazana na preporuke za RhD imunoprofilaksu u slučaju pobačaja, invazivne dijagnostičke i terapijske procedure, u postnatalnoj kao i antenatalnoj imunoprofilaksi. Prikazana su i dva pristupa za primenu antenatalne RhD imunoprofilakse. Antenatalna Rh zaštita i primena anti-D Ig posle imunizacijskih događaja u trudnoći predstavljaju dva potpuno odvojena pojma. Predstavljena su i imunohematološka testiranja u trudnoći i posle porođaja i opisan je značaj i dejstvo anti D imunoglobulina. Posledice primene antenatalne RhD zaštite po majku i plod do sada nisu dokazane i nema dokaza da primena ave zaštite može dovesti do neželjenih reakcija kod majke i ploda. RhD imunoprofilaksa se u Republici Srbiji od sedamdesetih godina prošlog veka rutinski primenjuje, posle imunizacijskih događaja u trudnoći i nakon porođaja, dok se antenatalna RhD imunoprofilaksa primenjuje, ali ne sistematski. Donošenje zakona o prenatalnoj zaštiti sigurno bi regulisalo sve navedene probleme.
INFLUENZA VACCINATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Kalanović Dylag Ivana
Published: March 2024

Influenza (flu) is a prominent seasonal virus found all over the world that has caused epidemics and deaths for centuries. Prompt immunization of children with chronic medical conditions such as lung disease due to prematurity, asthma, diabetes, heart disease, and those that are immunocompromised is crucial due to their higher risk of influenza complications including superimposed bacterial pneumonia.  Childcare providers, pregnant women, and health care personnel are also encouraged, if not mandated, to be vaccinated promptly in order to minimize disease communicability. A current review of vaccine efficacy, as well as patient and physician compliance is presented.
HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS VACCINATION IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Kalanovic Dylag Ivana
Published: March 2024

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus in the United States with the highest affected population being adolescents and young adults.  Most HPV infections resolve spontaneously, but they are also known to cause genital warts as well as cervical, penile, and anal cancers.  In the United States, HPV causes 7,000 male cancers and 15,000 female cancers annually.  Due to this high prevalence, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends vaccinating all males and females against HPV starting between the ages of 11 and 12, and as early as 9 years old.  The current clinical indications, vaccine efficacy, and physician and patient compliance will be presented.
PREDIJATRIJSKI ASPEKTI PRIMENE SACCHAROMYCES BOULARDI U SRBIJI
Authors: Stojšić Mirjana
Published: March 2024

Uvod. U pedijatrijskoj praksi se najčešće koriste probiotici koji sadrže gljivicu Saccharomyces boulardii i bakterije iz grupe Lactobacillus ili Bifidobacterium. Vodiči za primenu probiotika kod dece preporučuju primenu Saccharomyces boulardii u slučaju akutnog gastroenteritisa, eradikacije Helicobacter pylori infekcije, prevencije dijareje udružene sa antibioticima i kod Clostridium difficile enterokolitisa.

Cilj rada.Cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita moderni aspekt korišćenja Saccharomices Boulardii (Bulardi® Junior, Saccharomices boulardii DBVPG 6763, Abela Pharm, Srbija) u svakodnevnoj pedijatrijskoj praksi.

Metode rada  Istraživanje je planirano kao studija preseka rada pedijatara u primarnoj zdravstvenoj zaštiti u Republici Srbiji.

Rezultati. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćen 3 461 ispitanik koji je dobijao navedeni probiotik. Najviše ispitanika je bilo predškolskog uzrasta (59.98%, n=2076), a potom nižeg školskog uzrasta 7-12 godina (15.00%, n=519), dok je najmanje bilo odojčadi (13.98%, n=484) i adolescenata (11.04%, n=382). Ispitanici se nisu statistički značajno razlikovali prema polu. Najčešća indikacija za prepisivanje probiotika je bila dijareja udružena sa antibioticima (64.69%, n=2239), a potom akutni gastroenteritis (34.21%, n=1184), dok su druge dve indikacije bile znatno ređe, Clostridium difficile enterokolitis (0.17%, n=6) i Helicobacter pylori infekcija (0.93%, n=32). Najčešće ordinirani antibiotici uz probiotik su bili penicilini (59.09%, n=2045) i cefalosporini (29.37%, n=1.017), dok su makrolidi, tetraciklini i sulfonamidi bili znatno ređe zastupljeni. U 93.70% (n=3243) slučajeva je Saccharomyces boulardii prepisivan u vidu jedne kapsule od 250 mg na dan. Dužina uzimanja probiotika je bila najčešće 14 dana (47.99%, n=1661).

Zaključak. Pedijatrijski aspekt primene probiotika sa monokulturom Saccharomices boulardii je podjednako korišćenje kod dece oba pola i u svim starosnim grupama dece, ali uglavnom kod dece između 1 i 6 godina. Najčešći indikacije za propisivanje ovog probiotika su dijareja povezana sa antibioticima i akutni gastroenteritis. Probiotik je korišćen sam ili u kombinaciji sa antibioticima, iz grupe penicilina ili cefalosorina.
PREVENCIJA KRVARENJA ZBOG DEFICITA VITAMINA K
Authors: Đurić Zlatko
Published: March 2024

Krvarenje usled deficita vitamina K je veoma ozbiljno stanje koje se javlja kod novorođenčadi I odojčadi. U radu su prikazani savremeni trendovi profilakse preporuke za prevenciju krvarenja usled deficit vitamina K. Bolesnici sa holestaznim bolestima jetre i cističnom fibrozom su predisponirani deficit vitamina K zbog loše resorpcije u intestinumu. Savremeni stavovi u vezi sa prevencijom deficit vitamina K u ovim bolestima su takođe navedeni.
THE INFLUENCE OF EXPOSURE TO ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE ON THE PREVALENCE OF ALLERGIC DISEASE SYMPTOMS IN CHILDREN
Authors: Domuz Vujnović Sanela , Domuz Adrijana , Radujković-Bukara Gordana
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Prenatal and postnatal smoke exposure is generally considered to be a strong risk factor for the development of respiratory symptoms and asthma, particularly in early life. The children exposed to environmental tobacco smoke had statistically significant higher prevalence of symptoms of allergic diseases.

Objective:The aim of this study was to determine the influence of environmental tobacco smoke exposure on the prevalence of allergic diseases symptoms in children aged 6 to 15 years in Republic of Srpska.

Methods: Our study was conducted as a cross-sectional study and included 3,000 children aged 6 to 15 years from 13 primary schools in Republic of Srpska. The allergic diseases symptoms and environmental tobacco smoke exposures were assessed by questionnaire, which was completed by the parents.

Results: Maternal smoking during pregnancy was reported by 9,2% participants. Children were classified into two groups according to smoking status of householders: none (54,8%), and > 1 (45,2%). Children were not exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (62,9%) or they spent a short time in these rooms (< 1 hour 17,4%; 1-5 hours 14,4%; > 5 hours 5,3%) in our study. Children exposed to environmental tobacco smoke were reported a higher prevalence of wheezing (9,5%), allergic rhinitis (28,0%) and eczema (6,9%) than unexposed children (7,7%, 21,4% and 3,9%, respectively).

Conclusion: In summary, our results support the need for public policy to protect children from environmental tobacco smoke exposure in their environment. Additional studies are needed to clarify the association betweenenvironmental tobacco smoke exposure and childhood allergic diseases.
RANA DIJAGNOZA I LEČERNJE ANOMALNOG ISHODIŠTA LEVE KORONARNE ARTERIJE
Authors: Prijić Sergej , Košutić Jovan , Stajević Mila , Ninić Sanja , Šehić Igor , Popović Saša , Bjelaković Bojko , Vukomanović Vladislav
Published: March 2024

Anomalno ishodište leve koronarne arterije iz plućne arterije (ALCAPA) predstavlja retku kongenitalnu anomaliju, koja se javlja sa učestalošću od 1:300.000 živorođene dece i kod koje ishemija miokarda nastaje usled fenomena »koronarne krađe«.

Dvomesečno odojče je hospitalizovano sa znacima teške kongestivne srčane insuficijencije, koja je bila praćena metaboličkom acidozom, povišenim koncentracijama kardiospecifičnih enzima i proteina, radiografskim uvećanjem srčane senke i elektrokardiografskim znacima ishemije miokarda. Ehokardiografski je registrovana značajna dilatacija i hipokontraktilnost leve komore uzrokovani anomalnim ishodištem leve koronarne arterije iz plućne arterije i prisutnim fenomenom «koronarne krađe». Dijagnoza je potvrđena angiografijom koronarnih krvnih sudova. U uzrastu od tri i po meseca učinjena je kardiohirurška intervencija po tipu transfera leve koronarne arterije sa urednim operativnim i dugoročnim postoperativnim tokom. Kontrolni nalazi, tokom dvogodišnjeg praćenja bolesnika, su ukazali na kompletni oporavak.

Kod nelečenih bolesnika sa ALCAPA smrtnost u prvoj godini iznosi 90%. Međutim, prognoza oboljenja je značajno poboljšana kao rezultat mogućnosti rane ehokardiografske dijagnoze i poboljšanja hirurške tehnike.
SMRTNOST ODOJČADI U SRBIJI U PERIODU OD 2007 DO 2016.GODINE
Authors: Nikolić Katarina , Ignjatović Aleksandra
Published: March 2024

Uvod: Smrtnost odojčadi је оsetljiv pokazatelj zdravstvenog stanja stanovništva i zdravstvene zaštite dece.

Cilj rada:Cilj rada је bio da se analizira smrtnost odojčadi u Srbiji u višegodišnjem periodu.

Metode rada: Ova epidemiološka studija je sprovedena kao retrospektivna za period с2007-2016.godine na osnovu podataka dobijenih iz javno dostupnih izvora: Zdravstveno-statističkih godišnjaka Srbije koje objavljuje Institut za javno zdravlje Srbije. Preuzeti su podaci о broju živorodjene dece i broju umrle odojčadi prema polu, starosnoj strukturi i prema dijagnozi. Stopа mortalitetа оdojčadi је izračunata na osnovu preuzetih podataka za oba pola. Тrend i godišnja procentualna promena mortaliteta odojčadi sa 95% intervalom poverenja (95%CI) su izračunati joinpoint regresionom analizom. Optimalan broj prelomnih tačaka dobijen je metodom Monte Сarlo permutacijе. Zа аnalizu trenda korišćen je programski paket Joinpoint Regression Program verzija 4.1.ij0 . Promenа  trenda је smatrana statistički značajnom ukoliko je p-vrednost <0,05.

Rezultati: U Srbiji је u periodu 2007-2016.godinа umrlo 4213 odojčadi i to više muškog pola (57,3%). Najveći mortalitet odojčadi u pomenutom periodu је zabeležen 2007. god. ( 7,11 na 1000 živorodjene dece), а najmanji 2015.god.( 5,27 na 1000 živorodjene dece). U posmatranom periodu stopa mortaliteta odojčadi konstantno i statistički značajno је opadala kako kod muške, tako i kod ženske dece, а mortalitet novorodjenčadi је dominirao sa 71,0% u ukupnom mortalitetu odojčadi.

Zaključak: Rezultati ovog istraživanja su pokazali da u periodu 2007-2016. godina u Srbiji postoji konstantan trend smanjenja smrtnosti odojčadi, što је povoljan indikator zdravstvenog stanja nacije i zdravstvene zaštite dece.
OBLICI NEINVAZIVNE VENTILACIJE
Authors: Veković Vesna , Veković Borko , Živković Zorica , Sekulović Gordana , Tomašević Milena
Published: March 2024

U Srbiji se pre vremena godišnje rodi oko četiri hiljade  beba i sve one su u riziku da razviju hroničnu plućnu bolest(HPB) Ovo stanje karakteriše visok mortalitet i morbiditet. Jedan od značajnih etioloških faktora koji doprinose razvoju HPB- a je dugotrajna mehanička ventilacija. Mehanička ventilacije putem endotrahealnog tubusa za mnoge prevremeno rođene bebe predstavlja vid respiratorne potpore koja spašava život. Ipak, u nekim slučajevima mehanička ventilacija dovodi do oštećenja pluća i pojave hronične plućne bolesti kod prematurusa. Uprkos primeni antenatalne kortikosteroidne terapije, primeni plućnog surfaktanta i različitih modova konvencionalne i visokofrekventne oscilatorne ventilacije više od 40% novorođenčadi rođene pre 28 nedelje gestacije i dalje razvija hroničnu  plućnu  bolest.Smanjenje trajanja mehaničke ventilacije, rana ekstubacija i primena neinvazivnih metoda respiratorne potpore su mere koje dokazano manje oštećuju pluća.
UPDATE ON FOOD ALLERGIES
Authors: Radulović Marija , Filipović Djordje , Filipović Ivana
Published: March 2024

Food allergy has been defined as adverse reaction to food in which “immunological mechanism have been demonstrated”. The clinical presentation of food allergy involves a large spectrum of symptoms ranging from skin like urticaria, angioedema, atopic eczema, dermatitis, gastrointestinal (vomiting, colic, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation), respiratory (rhinorrhea, sneezing, cough, dyspnea). According to a recent review the point prevalence of self-reported food allergy is approximately six times higher than challenge food allergy. A proper diagnosis is necessary for a sufficient and safe management. The core stone of diagnosis of food allergy is a careful dietary history. Mostly food allergies are self reported, but also a great number of tests are available. The most widely used tests for food allergies diagnosis are: skin prick tests (SPT), specific IgE (sIgE), component resolved diagnosis (CRD) and the atopy patch test (APT).  Besides food avoidance there is also growing interest in the effectiveness of potential immunomodulatory treatment approaches, including sublingual and oral immunotherapy to induce tolerance, particularly for peanut allergy.
FIZIČKA AKTIVNOST KOD DECE OBOLELE OD EPILEPSIJE
Authors: Rogač Željka , Jovanović Kristina , Mavrić Haki , Globarević Ljiljana , Nikolić Dimitrije
Published: March 2024

U pedijatrijskoj ambulanti nekada je poseban izazov davanje saveta vezanog za uobičajeno funkcionisanje i ponašanje deteta obolelog od epilepsije. Česte su dileme vezane za oslobađanje od fizičke aktivnosti u školi ili odobravanje bavljenja sportom. Praktikovanje fizičke aktivnosti deci obojeloj od epilepsije donosi brojne koristi i poboljšava kvalitet života. Od 2016. godine, kada je ILAE (International League Against Epilepsy – Međunarodna Liga za Borbu protiv Epilepsije) izdala zvanične smernice koje se odnose na bavljenje sportom ljudi sa epilepsijom, odgovor na pitanje - da li se dete sme baviti fizičkom aktivnošću, ne treba da bude stvar lične procene lekara. Potrebno je poznavati tip epilepsije od kojeg dete boluje, frekvencu javljanja napada. Svakako, preporučljiv je individualni pristup, a ukoliko se dete nalazi u nejasnoj zoni ILAE - inih smjernica, neophodno je da konačnu odluku o tome donese neuropedijatar.
POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING – RISK FACTORS AND PREVENTION
Authors: Budić Ivana , Marjanović Vesna , Stević Marija , Simić Dušica
Published: March 2024

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) often occur in children and require prophylactic and therapeutic measures. PONV can be reduced by avoiding the use of inhalation anesthetics and by reducing postoperatively given opioids. Dexamethasone and 5-HT3 antagonists are considered basic prophylactic drugs. Surgical intervention that lasts for a long time, a type of surgical procedure (eg strabismus and certain otorhinolaryngological procedures) and PONV history are also considered risk factors that increase the incidence of PONV, while short procedures and ambulatory surgery are considered a low risk factor. Based on the assessment of low, medium or high risk, a single, double or triple (two drugs and total intravenous anesthesia) prophylaxis is determined. Droperidol and metoclopramide can only be recommended as supplemental therapy.
FamArch (Family Archive) Innovation Management of Digital-Based Active Family Record
Authors: Sitaviana Silvi
Published: March 2024

Indonesia as one of the countries in Southeast Asia is known to be rich in various natural resources and human resources. In addition, Indonesia is also experiencing technological progress by entering digital disruption. The existence of technological sophistication in this modern era can be an innovation to help human work, for example in the field of archives. One of the innovations from researchers is in the field of active family archives through the digital-based FamArch (Family Archive) application. The purpose of this research is to know the digitization process, how to operate the features in the FamArch application, to find out the advantages and disadvantages, and maintenance in the FamArch application. The type of research used is qualitative research. Data collection techniques using literature studies and data analysis techniques are qualitative. The result of this research is that FamArch can be an innovation in digitizing active family archives. This is evident from the results of research showing that family archives can be managed digitally through FamArch so that family records can be organized systematically.
Peran Hukum Adat Dalam Hukum Ketatanegaraan Indonesia
Authors: Oktarina Evi
Published: March 2024

Cita-cita dan harapan bangsa Indonesia yang menghendaki hukum adat sebagai alat pemersatu bangsa telah memberi harapan bagi pembangunan hukum adat Indonesia ke depan. Amandemen terhadap pasal-pasal UUD 1945 kini menjadi relevan untuk dijadikan bahan kajian bincangan rancang bangun hukum nasional. UUD 1945 merupakan jantung dan jiwa suatu negara. UUD 1945 memberi tahu kepada kita tentang apa yang dimaksud dengan membentuk negara, cita-cita bernegara, apa yang ingin dilakukan, serta asas-asas kehidupan di dalamnya. Bilamana kita memaknai UUD 1945 secara mendalam dan komprehensif, maka kita bisa melihat bahwa UUD 1945 menggambarkan negara Republik Indonesia sebagai sebuah negara yang peduli akan rakyatnya.Salah satu bentuk implementasi dari politik hukum rekognisi terhadap masyarakat hukum adat yang dimuat dalam konstitusi adalah mengharuskan pemerintah dan pembentuk Undang-Undang tidak boleh mengabaikan dan untuk senantiasa menjadikan hukum adat sebagai sumber inspirasi dan tempat menggali hukum (sources of law) dalam usaha besar pembangunan hukum nasional.
Electromagnetic Fields (Including Microwaves) Can Lower the Immune Response and Even Change The DNA
Authors: H Sanath Kumar
Published: March 2024

Background: Salmonella contamination of seafood is an important consumer health concern. Anthropogenic contamination of coastal-marine water is an important source of seafood contamination with Salmonella. In this study, we aimed to investigate the extent of Salmonella attachment when fish is exposed to contaminated seawater and also, the effect of washing on the removal of Salmonella attached to fish surface.

Methods and Findings: Bombay duck (Harpadon nehereus) fish was dipped in seawater artificially contaminated with 5 log CFU/ ml Salmonella Typhimurium for 30, 45 and 60 seconds and the number of bacteria present on the fish surface was quantified by surface plating. Separately, the effect of rinsing Salmonella-contaminated fish for 30, 45 and 60 seconds on the removal of Salmonella from the fish surface was investigated. The results showed attachment of bacteria in significant numbers, in the range of 3.6 – 4.16 log CFU/g, within 60 seconds of exposure to Salmonella-contaminated seawater. However, no significant reduction in the Salmonella counts was observed after 30 to 60 seconds of rinsing of fish in freshwater.

Conclusion: The results suggest that Salmonella Typhimurium can readily attach to the fish surface from a seawater medium and resist detachment by routine washing procedures.
Evaluation of Postoperative Pain and Satisfaction After Orbital Fracture Repair
Authors: Harold Lee Hui Bae
Published: March 2024

Objective: To correlate clinical outcomes in postoperative pain managed with opioid medications after orbital fracture repairs.

Methods: A prospective observational study of all patients who underwent orbital fracture repairs and postoperative pain managed with hydrocodone-acetaminophen, oxycodone-acetaminophen or tramadol for three days was performed. Collected data included numerical pain rating scores, type of fractures, patient satisfaction, side effects and non-medicinal interventions. International Pain Outcomes (IPO) questionnaire was completed at postoperative week one visit.

Results: Twenty-nine patients who underwent orbital fracture repairs and completed the IPO questionnaire reported having taken an average of 74.8 +/- 36.6 Morphine Milligram Equivalent (MME) in the first week after the surgery from 102.5 +/- 10.0 MME of total opioids prescribed (Table 1). The amount of opioids used was not related to patient satisfaction or pain relief (p>0.05). Smoking status showed a moderate correlation and linear association with total MME taken by patients (spearman correlation coefficient 0.34, p=0.051). Although patients reported 69.4 +/- 24.9% overall pain relief and 9 out of 10 (median, IQR 5-10) scores in satisfaction with the pain regimen, 27.8% of patients reported needing more pain medication. This group reported higher levels of anxiety and lower satisfaction scores (p<0.001). They reported having taken more opioids than those who did not report the need for additional pain medications (p=0.07).

Conclusion: Postoperative pain is managed with less than the prescribed amount of opioids after orbital fracture repairs in most patients. Anxious patients who had more opioids than average in the postoperative period expressed low satisfaction.
The HUBUNGAN PERSEPSI MAHASISWA TERHADAP MATA KULIAH DENGAN PRESTASI BELAJAR PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN
Authors: Damanhuri Damanhuri , Yuhana Yuyu
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Citizenship Education (PKn) has a very important role, through Civics courses it is hoped that it will be able to form students who have national insight and homeland ideals. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between student perceptions of courses and Civics learning achievement. The research hypothesis is that there is a relationship between student's perceptions of the course and their civics learning achievement. The method in this research is a survey using correlation techniques. The entire research population consisted of 1st-semester students in the Primary School Teacher Education study program, FKIP, Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University, Class of 2022/2023. The sample was obtained using a proportional random sampling system taking 30% of the population. Based on the results of data analysis, shows that the more positive a student's perception of a course is, the higher their learning achievement tends to be with a correlation coefficient of 0.658. It can be concluded that Civics learning achievement can be improved by building students' positive attitudes towards the subject.
PENGARUH LABEL NEGATIF TERHADAP PEMULUNG DI MASYARAKAT (STUDI KOTA TANJUNGPINANG)
Authors: Ira Lisa , Erdawati Lidya , Widiyani Heni
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Some people's perspectives see waste pickers in a negative light, assuming that they interfere with the safety and comfort of the community. This negative view arises as a result of irregularities committed by unscrupulous scavengers, for example by taking goods that have not been disposed of by their owners. In this case, the stigma towards the negative label of scavengers that exists in the community has a direct influence on the activities carried out by scavengers, especially on scavengers who usually go around both on the streets and around people's housing. This research was conducted to answer and examine how the influence of negative labeling in society on waste pickers in Tanjungpinang City. The research method used in this research is qualitative research with descriptive methods with the data collection techniques used in this research are observation and interviews. As an analysis knife in this research, two theories are used as references, namely labeling theory and stigma theory. The results show that negative labeling of waste pickers affects other waste pickers who do not commit irregularities, honest waste pickers who work only to make a living for their families are affected by the label. This means that the label creates a stigma in the community towards waste pickers.
IMPLEMENTEASI KEBIJAKAN BARANG MILIK DAERAH PADA BADAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DAN ASET DAERAH (BPKAD) PROVINSI BANTEN
Authors: Mahmud Toni Anwar , Dewiyanti Rina , Komara Syifa Rachmania
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Regional Property must be managed properly and correctly by paying attention to functional principles, legal certainty, transparency, efficiency, accountability and certainty of value. The Banten Provincial Government, to be able to implement the provisions of Government Regulation Number 27 of 2014 and Article 511 paragraph 1 of the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 19 of 2016 concerning Guidelines for Management of Regional Property, has issued Banten Province Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2019 concerning the management of regional property. However, in implementation there are still several obstacles faced by Banten Province, especially the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) in managing regional property in several cycles. Based on this and considering the importance of Regional Property Management, the regional government of Banten Province together with BPKAD is expected to be able to find efforts and implement appropriate and reliable strategies in managing regional property, especially in planning activities and budgeting needs for regional property.
PERAN KEPALA DESA DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA (SDM) MASYARAKAT DI DESA CISALAM KECAMATAN BAROS KABUPATEN SERANG BANTEN
Authors: Sa'adiyyah Ade Millatus , Nurasiah Nurasiah
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

The success of a village cannot be separated from the role of the Village Head as a leader in the village, thus the role of the Village Head is very important needed in the process of improving the quality of Human Resources in order to facilitate development, as well as increasing public awareness to participate in improving the quality of human resources. Human Resources in Cisalam Village. In Cisalam Village, Baros District, Serang Regency, the natural resources are very adequate seen from the area of ​​plantations and rice fields with the majority of the people living as farmers, farm laborers, employees and traders. And the Cisalam village community has a low level of education. This study aims to: 1) To determine the role of the village head in improving the quality of human resources in Cisalam Village, Baros District, Serang Regency. 2) To find out what obstacles hinder the role of the village head in improving the quality of human resources in Cisalam Village, Baros District, Serang Regency. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative, namely describing and interpreting existing data to describe reality in accordance with the actual phenomenon. And the results of this study indicate that: 1) The role of the village head in improving the quality of human resources is quite good. 2) Human resources in Cisalam village are still relatively low.
PENERAPAN PROJECT PENGUATAN PROFIL PELAJAR PANCASILA TEMA KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM MELESTARIKAN KEBUDAYAAN BANTEN
Authors: Untari Aya Dwi , Muzdalifah Ifah
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

 

In general, the curriculum is a set of subjects consisting of study programs provided by an educational institution, in which there are learning designs, content arrangements, and learning materials that will be used as guidelines in teaching and learning activities. This research uses qualitative methods because the focus of the problem taken is about the Application of the Project for Strengthening the Profile of Pancasila Students with the Theme of Local Wisdom in Preserving Banten Culture at SMAN 6 Serang City. The methods used to collect data in this study were observation, interviews, and documentation. The research location is located at SMAN 6 Serang City. Based on the results of research at SMA Negeri 6 Kota Serang, the implementation of the Pancasila student profile strengthening project with the theme of local wisdom is a project activity compiled by the school, first there is preparation, namely in the form of preparation and creation of a project module to strengthen the Pancasila student profile, the second is the core activity of the project which begins with the stages of the project There are three stages, namely inspiring, creating, and dedicating. The implementation of the project to strengthen the profile of Pancasila students with the theme of local wisdom is inseparable from the important role of teachers as project facilitators because whether or not students are able to preserve Banten culture in projects with the theme of local wisdom is determined by the facilitator, and facilitators are given the task of directing, facilitating and motivating students to be creative and innovative in learning.
BAGAIMANA PERAN GURU MENDORONG SISWA MENJADI WARGA GLOBAL? PEMAHAMAN KERAGAMAN GLOBAL PADA GURU SEKOLAH INDONESIA DAN THAILAND
Authors: Aulia Syifa Siti , Risti P Avanti Vera , Hidayati Ratri Nur , Merkuri Yulia Gesti , Arpannudin Iqbal
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

 

This research focuses on two schools in Indonesia, Aisyiyah Nur'aini Integrated Preschool and Suan Santi School, both of which have a responsibility to teach character development. Both schools have similar learning environments, both in Indonesia and in Thailand, which has a rich cultural heritage. The partners are also schools that focus on Islamic teachings in ECD. This study highlights the importance of understanding the differences between schools as this is a key goal of education to foster a sense of belonging and diversity. Suan Santi School in Thailand is a school for Muslims as a minority, yet the study shows that the majority of students in this school face threats from Buddhist sects, intimidation and violence. To provide knowledge about global awareness, new knowledge is needed from the teachers. In Indonesian and Thai schools, diversity is a distinctive feature that reflects the multicultural and multiethnic societies in which the schools are located. Students come from different backgrounds, religions and cultures, creating diverse experiences and perspectives within the school community. This research looks at two perspectives: the importance of diversity being taught by teachers, and the importance of embracing global diversity.
Exploring Terahertz COMPLEMENTARY METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR Integrated Circuits: Advancements and Obstacles
Authors: NOORI Abbas b
Published: March 2024

The text provides a description of the characteristics of several NMOS and CMOS circuit approaches, as well as an explanation of the limitations associated with each technology. Next, the CMOS domino circuit, a novel form of circuit, is explained. This entails interconnecting dynamic CMOS gates in a manner that enables the activation of all gates in the circuit simultaneously using a single clock edge. Consequently, there is no need for intricate clocking methods, allowing the dynamic gate to operate at its maximum speed. This circuit features a basic mode voltage-controlled oscillator operating at 135 GHz in 80-nm COMPLEMENTARY METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR, a 405 GHz push-push voltage controller in 38-nm COMPLEMENTARY METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR with an on-chip patch antenna, a 128 GHz Schottky diode frequency doubler, a 170 GHz Schottky diode detector, a 600 GHz plasma wave detector in 122-nm COMPLEMENTARY METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR and a 40 GHz phase-locked loop with a frequency doubled output at 110 GHz. Given this and the trends in performance of n METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR transistors and Schottky diodes produced in complementary metal-oxide semiconductors, we lay out a plan for terahertz COMPLEMENTARY METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR systems and circuits, highlighting critical challenges that need to be addressed. With the advent of terahertz COMPLEMENTARY METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR
A Comparative Study on the Antibiotics’ Resistance in Nosocomial and Environmental Isolates of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Aden, Yemen, 2023
Authors: Al-Qashbari Wadhah M. , Al-Baghdadi Mohamed A.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterial pathogen with wide spread distribution in health care settings. It is a multidrug resistant pathogen recognized for its ubiquity and intrinsically advanced antibiotic resistance mechanisms. This study aims to find out the isolation rate and to determine antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and level of multidrug resistance from nosocomial and environmental isolates of P. aeruginosa. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out over a 6-months period from September 2022 to February 2023 and a total of 217 samples were enrolled which included 130 different clinical specimens from patients with nosocomial infections and 87 samples of hospital environment at different departments in four hospitals in Aden governorate, Yemen. The isolates were identified by biochemical tests as well as the susceptibility patterns which were tested by 22 types of antibiotics. All data were analyzed using SPSS statistics version 22 with a significance level of P<0.05. Results: The P. aeruginosa were isolated from 23.1% of clinical specimens and 32.2% from environmental samples. The statistical analysis showed no statistically significant difference between clinical and environmental samples in prevalence (P˃0.05). The most effective antibiotic against clinical isolates was Pipracillin/tazobactam with only 6.7% resistance value. In contrast, the most effective antibiotic against environmental strains was ciprofloxacin without any resistance value. The resistance to other antibiotics was found to be high or completely resistant. Ninety percent of clinical P. aeruginosa isolates and 96.4% of environmental isolates were multidrug resistant.
Serum Biochemical Evaluation of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure on Hemodialysis
Authors: Alwan Muna A. , Ismaiel Saied M.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Chronic renal failure (CRF) is associated with aberrations in the metabolism of minerals, such as calcium, phosphates, sodium, and potassium and other biochemical parameters. Various studies have identified parathyroid hormone (PTH) as the main regulator of minerals and biochemical parameters homeostasis. This study was conducted to evaluate the biochemical profile in CRF patients on hemodialysis in Aden. Methods: This study is a descriptive, cross sectional study, conducted in Aden Hemodialysis Center for the period Jan.1st to June 30th, 2022. Included 82 patients with CRF on HD. The data collected included demographic with clinical data, and blood samples taken for complete blood count and serum creatinine; urea; sodium; potassium; total calcium, ionized calcium; phosphate; alkaline phosphatase, and parathyroid hormone. Results: More male were found than female patients with CRF (67.1% vs. 32.9% respectively), with a mean age of 48.8 ± 12.6 years. The mean body mass index was (23.3 ± 4.7 kg/m2) and the mean duration of CRF was (4.8 ± 2.9 years). For renal function, the mean serum creatinine, urea, and estimated creatinine clearance were (9.9 mg/dl, 128.6 mg/dl, and 7.1 mL/min per 1.73 m2 respectively). For minerals, the mean serum sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphorus, calcium and ionized calcium were (134.4 mmol/L, 5.04 mmol/L, 104.1 mmol/L, 4.37 mg/dl, 9.4 mg/dl, and 1.12 mmol/L, respectively). The mean Calcium x Phosphorus product was in the recommended range (40.7mg2/dl2). The mean alkaline phosphatase was (286.2 U/L), and the mean parathyroid hormone was (322.7 pg/ml). Secondary hyperparathyroidism (PTH level of ≥130 pg/ml) was detected in (58.5%) of them. Parathormone concentration showed significant positive correlation to alkaline phosphatase (r: 0.640, p:0.001) in patients with CRF on hemodialysis. Conclusion: This study concluded that in patients with CRF on HD, there is an increase level of alkaline phosphatase which is considered as an adjunct marker of high-turnover bone disease associated with disturbed level of calcium and phosphorus that increase serum PTH level.
Eating Disorders Attitudes and Behaviors among Hadhramout University Students in Mukalla, Yemen
Authors: Alhanshi Abdulla S. , Almualm Yahya K. , Banafa Nawal S.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Eating disorders have serious implication on all aspects of physical, psychological, and social health if left untreated. Adolescents and college students are more affected group with this disorder. The study aimed to identify eating disorders attitudes and behaviors among university students and compare with certain variables among students at Hadhramout University in Mukalla, Yemen. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out during the period November 2022 until June 2023. The total number of participants was 369 students in the following faculties: Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing, Faculty of Engineering, Law, Women, and Administrative Sciences. Data were gathered by a self-administered questionnaire prepared for this purpose. Results: More than half of the participants were male (56.9%). A total of 314 (85.1%) students scored ≥20 points on the EAT-26 which was considered to be at low risk of disordered eating attitudes while 55 (14.9%) scored< 20, indicating a high risk of developing eating disorders. In addition, most of the students have normal weight (53.1%), underweight (22.5%) and obese represented 8.1%. Although the number of students from the scientific colleges was more than the students from the literature, the percentage of eating disorders attitudes was more prevalent among the literature faculties. Conclusion: There is a growing number of university students with eating disorders. The university classes represent an ideal setting for growing eating disorders due to the influences of peers. Eating disorders attitudes progress to behavioral symptoms. The researchers recommend further studies with a large sample across multiple colleges and universities in Yemen. Comprehensive education programs among students are also necessary.
Hemoglobin Variants in Patients Attending Aden Diagnostic Center by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Gawi Abeer M. , Abood Anisa M.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is emerging as the method of choice for initial screening and diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies. The use of alkaline and acid gel electrophoresis may result in incorrect diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies. The aim of the study is to investigate the hemoglobin pattern using the HPLC and to correlate the hematological profile with the types of hemoglobin. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Aden Diagnostic Center from July– December 2022. Over a six-month period, 250 samples of patients aged between six months to thirty years, were evaluated by HPLC for detection of hemoglobinopathies using the Lifotronic Hemoglobin Analyzer H9: β-thalassemia Analysis Mode. Red blood cell and red cell indices were determined using automated hematology analyzer. Results: A total of 152 samples (60.8%) showed different abnormal hemoglobin variants. Sixty-four (25.6%) were diagnosed to have sickle cell anemia, 46 (18.4%) as sickle cell trait, two (0.8) as beta – heterozygous thalassemia based on high level of HbA2 (>3.9%), four (1.6%) as beta – homozygous thalassemia (HbF 25–91%), 18 (7.2%) as compound heterozygous state of sickle - β+ thalassemia, 17 (6.8%) as beta thalassemia trait, and one (0.4%) sample had HbD variant on HPLC was diagnosed as HbD trait. Conclusion: H9-HPLC is suitable for the routine investigation of hemoglobinopatheis because it is very powerful tool in the evaluation of Hb variants, rapid assay time and accurate quantification.
Vitamin D Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending Aden Diabetic Center During May-July 2023: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Kahtan Anis Z. , Mahmood Samira A.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, limited data are available regarding the status of vitamin D among T2DM patients attending healthcare centers, particularly in the Aden Diabetic Center, Yemen. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among T2DM patients and explore its association with potential factors such as demographics, diabetes characteristics body mass index (BMI). Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 138 T2DM patients attending Aden Diabetic Center (ADC) between May and July 2023. Data on age, sex, diabetes characteristics (diabetes duration, family history of diabetes, and medication use), RBS, BMI, and serum vitamin D level were measured. Vitamin D status was categorized as deficient, insufficient, or sufficient based on established cutoffs. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Results: Majority of patients had vitamin D deficiencyy (73.2%) and the remaining had insufficient (17.4%), and sufficient (9.4%) status. Males comprised 53.6% and females 46.4%. Mean age was 53.70±12.93 years, with the highest proportion (60.9%) were in the age group 40-60 years. Majority of the patients (62.3%) had T2DM duration ≥ 5 years, and 89.1% were receiving diabetes medications, and 68.8% had a family history of DM. The mean RBS level was 220.13±86.90 mg/dl, with more than half (55.6%) having RBS levels ≥ 140 mg/dl. Also, the mean BMI was 27.00±5.90 kg/m², and more than half of the patients had overweight and obesity. The study found no significant association between serum vitamin D levels with age, diabetes characteristics, or BMI categories, while a significant association to sex was observed (P = 0.006). Conclusion: The study highlights the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among T2DM patients attending the ADC in Aden. The majority of patients were found to have deficient levels of vitamin D, with limited differences based on age, diabetes characteristics, and BMI. The significant association between vitamin D levels and sex, indicating that sex may contribute to the risk of deficiency in T2DM patients. These findings emphasize the importance of assessing and addressing vitamin D status in T2DM patients to optimize their overall health and diabetes management.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Adverse Drug Reactions Reporting among Pharmacists in Aden
Authors: Goban Mohammed A. , Zain Khaled A.
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Once a medicine is registered and marketed, healthcare systems rely heavily on spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to monitor the safety of drugs. ADRs reporting is considered a cornerstone of pharmacovigilance (PV) system. Underreporting has been a major obstacle and poses a great challenge to PV activities that negatively influence public health. Therefore, this study aimed to assess pharmacists' knowledge, attitude and practice toward ADRs reporting in Aden City - Yemen. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted during November and December 2022 in Aden city. A self-administered, pretested questionnaire- comprised of sections on pharmacists’ characteristics, knowledge of PV concepts and ADR reporting process, attitudes towards ADR reporting and practice of ADR reporting- was administered to selected community and hospital pharmacists. Data were summarized using descriptive statistics and the Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to examine the differences between both groups of pharmacists. Results: Four hundred pharmacists participated in the study. Three quarters of them were males. About half of them correctly identified PV definition and purposes as well as ADR definition, but 38.5% and 37.8% were heard about national ADR scheme/guideline and aware of the existence of an ADR system in Yemen respectively. Only 29.3% and 10.8% showed adequate knowledge of PV concepts and ADRs reporting process respectively. The majority showed positive attitude towards PV and ADR reporting, 97.8% agreed that reporting process can benefit the public health, 94.3% contributes to drug safety and 87.3% agreed that PV should be taught in detail to health care professionals. However, in practice, 48.3% and 41.5% of pharmacists had ever diagnosed an ADR and encountered one or more ADRs in their daily practice respectively and only 12.3% of them had ever reported an ADR. The differences between community and hospital pharmacists by their overall knowledge, attitude scores and in ADR reporting practice were statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The majority of community and hospital pharmacists had inadequate knowledge and poor practice, with a positive attitude towards ADRs reporting. Therefore, strategies to improve knowledge and practices regarding ADR reporting should be implemented. Regular mandatory education and continuous in job training should be provided to all pharmacists and others health care professionals.
The effect of increasing the intensity of specialized endurance training on runners' ability in the advanced 1500-meter run in terms of vital capacity indicators (V.C.) and heart rate (S.V.)
Authors: Admin Hussein Jaber Abboud , Hussein Khamis Hussein  , Saad Abbas Fadhil
Published: March 2024

The 1500m race event is part of the athletics system, and the continuous competition to break records and achieve the highest levels of achievement in athletics events, especially the 1500m race event, is one of the topics that occupies the minds of many people interested in achieving digital development for this event, given the distance of the race and the time it takes to complete it. Because it is unique from other events, it has characteristics that distinguish it from other events, despite it being a middle-distance event, which shares with them that its speed is measured by the step, which consists of the length of the step and its frequency. Increasing any of these two factors while keeping one of them constant or increasing them together improves the level of speed and strength, which contributes to achievement.