bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sliding Mode Control and Its Applications in Robot Trajectory Tracking Control: Review
Authors: Lan Ruoxin
Published: November 2024

Sliding Mode Control (SMC), renowned for its robustness and anti-interference capabilities, is extensively applied in the realm of robot trajectory tracking. This paper reviews the application of SMC in robot trajectory tracking, and compares the performance differences between traditional SMC and improved SMC (including integral sliding mode control ISMC and adaptive neural network sliding mode control ANNSMC). Although traditional SMC is widely used in robot trajectory tracking due to its strong robustness, its high-frequency jitter problem cannot be ignored. In contrast, ISMC effectively reduces the system steady-state error, improves control accuracy and alleviates jitter by introducing an integral term. ANNSMC merges the nonlinear mapping capabilities of neural networks with the resilience of SMC, significantly enhancing trajectory tracking precision. This paper seeks to offer readers a comprehensive view of sliding mode control's application in robot trajectory tracking. It delivers a thorough evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of different methods, serving as a valuable reference for future research.
Utilizing Medicinal Plants for Disease Treatment in Aquaculture: An Approach to Improve Fish Health
Authors: Iqbal Tasawar , Salma Ume , Umair Muhammad , Iqbal Hummaira , Asmara . , Khalid Tayyaba , Hyder Shahbaz
Published: November 2024

Botanicals were being used more and more in aquaculture to promote fish health as well as for disease prevention. In this review, we discuss the efficacy of botanicals in aquaculture worldwide and go through their modes of action that might play a key role in these activities. Similarly, some plants with well documented broad-spectrum antimicrobial, immunomodulatory activity, and antioxidant properties. These can be advantageous as supplements in fish feed to stimulate the immune function of fish. Plant extracts may exert positive effects on animal health through different modes rather than relying solely on a single mode. Using herbs as dietary additives has been shown to enhance immunity defense mechanisms. Recently, botanical treatments have been incorporated into aquaculture, resulting in increased growth rates and disease resistance, thus giving rise to more sustainable practices. Work was still being done in this area to find new bioactive compounds, understand how they work, and identify delivery systems that will ensure the compound reaches cells where needed. They can be incorporated with sustainable approaches, such as the aquaponics system, and possibly remain organic accredited, all while decreasing chemical residue on food products and sustaining environmental wellness. These emerging botanical approaches promise environmentally sustainable strategies for disease management in aquaculture, supporting the consumer shift to demand safe and sustainably produced seafood. The advantages that botanical treatments offer indicate them as essential tools for the development of a sustainable and eco-friendly aquaculture industry
Practice, and Barriers to Spirometry Usage among Healthcare Professionals in Karachi
Authors: Patoli Zoha Soomar , Zaman Bushra Marium , Mengal Saba , Arzoo Obaida , Anwar Farheen , Zafar Ahmar , Shamim Javeria , Ali Sabina Anwer , Irshad Anum , Baqir Syeda Rida
Published: November 2024

A spirometer is the most suitable technique for primary care because it is very convenient for healthcare professionals to use because it is very low cost, performs in a short time, and also it is a non-invasive technique patients can easily understand and perform. The usage of a spirometer is very beneficial and important to find out the stage and monitor the pulmonary conditions during performing therapies. Objective: To determine the knowledge, practice, and barriers regarding the usage of spirometry among healthcare professionals in Karachi. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was done from Nov 2023 to April 2024 in Karachi on healthcare professionals to explore the usage of spirometry among them. The sample size was 384 and the non-probability convenients sampling was used. Data were evaluated through a validated questionnaire and analization of data were done through SPSS version 23.0. Results: A total number of 384 research participants were included in this study. The results showed that knowledge related to spirometry usage was present in research participants around 319 (83.07%). The practice of spirometry by healthcare professionals was observed in 172 (58.9%) and the most common barrier observed in this study was the rate of unavailability of the equipment around 51 (13.28%) in the hospitals. Conclusion: It was concluded that the knowledge of spirometry was good among healthcare professionals but the practice was poor due to the unavailability of spirometry in the hospitals.
Digital Literacy and Language Learning: The Role of Information Technology in Enhancing English Proficiency
Authors: Burgos Marinel Vergara , Anthony John Edgar S.
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to look at how digital literacy and information technology (IT) affect English language competency among Mindoro State University (MinSU) information technology students. Understanding the function of digital resources in language acquisition is critical as they become more integrated into education, especially in regions where access varies. The study used an exploratory research approach, using in-depth interviews to collect qualitative data from participants. The findings showed that digital literacy increases students’ access to different learning resources, improves language fluency through practical application, and develops autonomy in tailored learning experiences. Participants also emphasized the importance of multimedia material in increasing engagement and motivation. Language learning programs, multimedia platforms, and online courses are among the key digital tools identified as useful for improving English skills. The study emphasizes the need for educational institutions to establish training programs that improve digital capabilities and promote the appropriate use of technology in language learning. Such approaches help students utilize digital resources successfully, resulting in better English proficiency and academic achievements. This study adds to the current literature by concentrating on the experiences of IT students at a university, providing useful insights into the convergence of digital literacy and language learning. Understanding these dynamics allows educators to better support students using digital technologies for language acquisition.
ROLE OF TRANEXAMIC ACID IN INTRAOPERATIVE BLOOD LOSS AND POSTOPERATIVE EDEMA AND ECCHYMOSIS IN PRIMARY ELECTIVE RHINOPLASTY: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Tahir Muhammad , Khalid Farrukh , Amin Muhammad , Zahid Maruf , Naeem Rida , Khalid Hafsa , Khalid Kamran
Published: November 2024

Objective: To compare blood loss during surgery, edema, and ecchymosis after surgery in patients administered with tranexamic acid (TXA) and normal saline undergoing primary elective rhinoplasty.
Methodology: Sixty-eight patients were included in this randomized control trial (RCT) study presented for rhinoplasty. Thirty-four patients received TXA 20 ml preoperatively while thirty-four received 0.9% normal saline. Outcomes between both groups were assessed in terms of surgery duration, intraoperative bleeding, edema, and ecchymosis between both groups.
Results: All the patients completed the study. The mean age in group A was 33.59±9.25 years while 31.21±9.22 years in group B. The duration of surgery in group A turned out to be 103.38±10.37 mins while in group B it was 120±11.31 mins with notably reduced duration of surgery in group B (P = 0.0001). Group A showed notably lower intraoperative blood loss 148.88±30.75 ml as compared to the placebo group which received normal saline 180.44±24.75 ml (P = 0.0001). The incidence of postoperative edema and ecchymosis compared to the placebo group is significantly lower.
Conclusion: Preoperative tranexamic acid lowers postoperative side effects such as edema and ecchymosis and greatly reduces blood loss in patients undergoing rhinoplasty.
A Review of the Relevance of the Arbitrage Pricing Model in Identifying and Exploiting Mispriced Securities and Enhancing Risk Assessment
Authors: Mwange Austin , Noombo Clive , Kapulu Kapotwe Karen
Published: November 2024

Arbitrage pricing model is an important tool in asset pricing and risk assessment, The role of this model is to establish the expected return of a security taking into consideration its sensitivity to multiple macroeconomic factors. This article provides a comprehensive review of the Arbitrage pricing model with emphasize on its relevance in risk enhancement and identifying and exploiting mispriced securities in line with various empirical investigations. The review also highlights the limitations of implementing the model and selection of appropriate macroeconomic factors. The findings suggests that arbitrage pricing model provides a robust framework for identifying mispriced securities and risk assessment of the securities, however, the model does not specify the criteria to be used to select appropriate macroeconomic factors to take into consideration when calculating the expected return of a security, additionally, the multifactor approach of the model makes the model complex and challenging to interpret and implement especially as compared to a simpler model like capital asset pricing model.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PLA/BULGUR BIODEGRADABLE COMPOSITES FOR LIQUID SPILL MITIGATION APPLICATIONS
Authors: Almeida Ester Costa de , Sales Tiago José Bandeira , Mendonça Roberta Helena
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the development and characterization of composite films composed of polylactic acid (PLA) and Bulgur, with potential applications for liquid spill mitigation on road surfaces. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to analyze the chemical structures of the composites, revealing changes in functional group vibrations as the Bulgur content increased. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provided insights into the morphological evolution, showing increased porosity and phase separation at higher Bulgur concentrations. Fluid absorption tests demonstrated that while pure PLA exhibited low water absorption, the incorporation of Bulgur significantly enhanced the composite’s hydrophilic properties, particularly in a 70:30 PLA/Bulgur ratio. The results suggest that PLA/Bulgur composites, with their biodegradable and environmentally-safe nature, offer an effective solution for mitigating liquid spills, with a balance between water absorption and mechanical integrity.
ENCEFALOPATIA EPILÉPTICA E DO DESENVOLVIMENTO ASSOCIADA A VARIANTE NO GENE KCNA2: UM RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Kersting Veronica Rachel Cunha , Fragomeni Manuela de Oliveira
Published: November 2024

A encefalopatia epiléptica e do desenvolvimento é uma condição em que a epilepsia se associa a atraso no neurodesenvolvimento, com diversas mutações genéticas associadas já descritas. O gene KCNA2, responsável por codificar uma subunidade dos canais de potássio Kᵥ1.2, foi associado a casos de encefalopatia epiléptica desde 2014. Pacientes cursam com atraso na fala, tremores, hipotonia e transtornos comportamentais, com grupos clínicos fenotipicamente distintos de acordo com a mutação de ganho ou perda da função gênica. Este trabalho tem como objetivo relatar o caso de um paciente com diagnóstico de encefalopatia epiléptica e do desenvolvimento que apresenta a variante p.Glu422Glyfs*21 no gene KCNA2, destacando suas manifestações clínicas, exames realizados para investigação e diagnóstico, além do manejo e seguimento multidisciplinar realizado.
INTERFACES ENTRE IDADISMO E CAPACITISMO NA LÓGICA EXCLUDENTE DO CAPITAL NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Constant de Constant Clarissa , Gutiérrez-Murillo Roberth Steven , Grossi Patricia Krieger
Published: November 2024

Este artigo examina as interconexões entre o preconceito contra a idade (idadismo) e o preconceito contra a capacidade (capacitismo) dentro da lógica excludente da sociedade capitalista e as implicações que isso tem para a inclusão de pessoas idosas com deficiência no mercado de trabalho. As duas formas de opressão são analisadas no contexto da Análise Crítica do Discurso Social de Teun van Dijk. Assim, este artigo descreve alguns obstáculos que as pessoas idosas e com deficiência enfrentam em sua busca por oportunidades de emprego no mercado de trabalho brasileiro, bem como os possíveis caminhos para a inclusão. Os resultados indicam que existe um discurso difundido no mercado de trabalho, no qual esses indivíduos são marginalizados com base em suposições errôneas relacionadas à ineficiência funcional, à baixa produtividade e à adesão aos papéis tradicionais de gênero. Portanto, é imperativo que as organizações implementem políticas que não apenas proíbam práticas discriminatórias, mas também promovam ativamente um ambiente de trabalho inclusivo e diversificado. As organizações que adotam uma abordagem socialmente justa em relação ao idadismo e ao capacitismo reconhecem o valor das pessoas idosas e das pessoas com deficiência como contribuintes para sociedades igualitárias e buscam garantir que nenhuma pessoa seja deixada para trás.
SOBERANIA DIGITAL, DIREITOS SOCIAIS E ATUAÇÃO JUDICIAL EM PROCESSOS REIVINDICATÓRIOS DE CONTROLE DE INFRAESTRUTURAS DIGITAIS
Authors: Oliveira Luiz Fernando de , Assunção Any Ávila
Published: November 2024

Este artigo investiga o impacto da soberania digital e do controle das infraestruturas tecnológicas sobre a efetivação dos direitos sociais em países em desenvolvimento, com foco no Brasil e em casos demandados perante o Supremo Tribunal Federal. A crescente dependência de infraestruturas digitais controladas por empresas internacionais, como a plataforma "X", a Meta e a Google levanta preocupações sobre a capacidade do Estado de implementar políticas públicas em áreas essenciais como educação, saúde e segurança. A partir da análise do conceito de soberania digital, este estudo explora os desafios dessa dependência, as consequências para a autonomia estatal, e os riscos que isso representa para a justiça social. O artigo também examina o papel dos grandes grupos econômicos no controle dessas infraestruturas e discute como a falta de uma soberania digital plena perpetua desigualdades, limitando o acesso a direitos sociais. Ao final, discute a necessidade de o Brasil adotar estratégias que fortaleçam seu controle tecnológico para promover um ecossistema digital mais justo e inclusivo, capaz de garantir a reivindicação e efetivação dos direitos sociais.
EM DEFESA DA MENTE: DESAFIOS PARA A GOVERNANÇA JURÍDICA DAS NEUROTECNOLOGIAS NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE HUMANA SOB A ÓTICA DO NEURODIREITO
Authors: Oliveira Luiz Fernando de , Assunção Any Ávila
Published: November 2024

Este artigo explora o impacto crescente das neurotecnologias sobre os direitos fundamentais, abordando os desafios jurídicos e éticos que essas inovações trazem. As neurotecnologias, que incluem dispositivos de leitura e estimulação cerebral, têm o potencial de transformar áreas como comunicação, saúde e educação, mas também levantam questões complexas relacionadas à privacidade cognitiva, à autonomia individual e à desigualdade social. Esse cenário conduz à necessidade de um novo campo de investigação jurídica: o neurodireito, que busca estabelecer diretrizes para regular o uso dessas tecnologias. O artigo está estruturado em três partes: a primeira apresenta os conceitos centrais do neurodireito e os impactos das neurotecnologias nos direitos fundamentais, com foco em desigualdade e privacidade mental. Na segunda parte, são analisadas algumas possibilidades de marcos regulatórios e políticas públicas para se pensar o neurodireito. Por fim, examina-se um caso julgado pelo STF em 2021, oferecendo uma base inicial para futuras demandas envolvendo neurotecnologias. Utilizando metodologia bibliográfica e documental, esta pesquisa visa promover uma análise crítica que une direito e neurociência, apontando caminhos para uma regulamentação equilibrada, capaz de alinhar avanços tecnológicos com a proteção de direitos constitucionais.
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Crude Methanolic Flavonoids from Stem Bark of Gmelina Arborea Roxb.
Authors: Umar Dalhatu.  , Safiya Yusuf Zubairu  , Muhammad Sani Abdullahi  , Ahmad Ishaq  , Hauwau Sulaiman Lere
Published: November 2024

Hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging assay of fractionated flavonoids of crude methanolic stem bark extract of Gmelina arborea was determined according to Ruch et al (1999). five Different concentrations, 20 kg/ml, 40 µg/ml, 60 µg/ml, 80 µg/ml and 100 µg/ml of the sample tested showed respective concentration dependent percentage free radical scavenging activity 73%, 69%, 56%, 31% and 23% the highest activity was found at 100 µg/m/ and the lowest activity at 20 µg/ml of the crude flavonoids. The result obtained was compared with that of standard antioxidant drug (ascorbic acid) using various concentrations; 20 kg/ml, 40 µg/ml, 60 µg/ml, 80 µg/ml and 100 kg/ml. Which have percentage free radical scavenging activity of 98.55%, 97.2%, 96.81, 95.8% and 94.5% respectively. From the results obtained shows that flavonoids of Gmelina arborea stem bark is a good natural antioxidant agent, which could be used for treatment of diabetics and cardio vascular diseases. It is recommended that the crude flavonoids should be screened to isolate the bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity.
AI-Driven Digital Feature Integration in Large-Scale Technology Conglomerates: Case Studies on AI Utilization in Job Portals in The MENA (Middle East and North Africa) Region.
Authors: Omar Daraz  , Muhammad Ali
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the boom of AI-based applications and features in the Middle East/North Africa (MENA) region, especially focusing on how artificial intelligence synthesizes product-led growth and drives the development and integration of innovative features in various product domains. Available evidence represents that the boom of AI-led technology development has both led to the creation of several AI startups and has facilitated the construction of digital platforms that are better at adapting to market trends, personalizing content for consumers, and anticipating consumer behavior. We focus on Bayt.com, the largest job portal in MENA, to demonstrate the increasing integration of AI tools and features in large-scale, complex systems, analyzing how this impacts user perception, user behaviors, and other KPIs, such as retention and growth factors. There is sufficient research around AI applications and the types of features that are being incorporated. However, there exist academic gaps in mapping out how exactly AI features are powering applications in regions with different cultural, social, ethical, and business practices, such as MENA and APAC.
Autonomous System in Airport
Authors:   Pune Institute of Aviation Technology Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University, INDIA, Palkar Varun , Koli Shruti , Verma Om , Tandon Abhishek
Published: November 2024

Cleaning Bot is going to work on an
automatize system where the cart is controlled
remotely and sensors are placed on the forward part
which is going to help to sense any F.O.D(Foreign
Object Debris) such as Small Particles & Gravel on the
ground. Underground Hanger facility for commercial
aircraft is simply located under the Terminal area of
airports to park the aircraft for longer hold & line
maintenance. Underground Fueling near Aircraft
Parking The main use of this service required on our
modern airports to minimize Fuel Carts/Trucks, less
time required to refuel, proper bonding and grounding
done on these systems, less man power required and
Ergonomic design.
Key Words: Cleaning Bot, Vacuum Pump,
Underground fuelling, Fuel Pump, Underground
Hanger, and advance systems.
Romans 5: between Exegesis and Theology
Authors: Dettwiler Andreas , Draguet Florence
Published: November 2024

This volume delves into one of the most theologically rich passages of the New Testament—Romans 5:1-11—offering fresh insights into Pauline theology. Through eight thought-provoking articles, leading scholars explore how biblical exegesis and constructive theology can engage in a dynamic dialogue that deepens our understanding of faith.
Key questions are explored throughout the collection: a detailed analysis of the philological and theological challenges of the text (R. Burnet), the diversity and unity of theological disciplines (B. Bourgine), the ethical and eschatological dimension of hope (P. V. Gomes), God’s demonstration of love at the cross (L. de Brouwer), and the dynamic process of reconciliation and salvation (F. Draguet). The contributions also offer fresh perspectives on themes such as Christian boasting in Paul’s theology (B. Bourgine) and the “already but not yet” Kingdom of God (D. A. Pérez Chamorro).
The exploration concludes with Andreas Dettwiler’s methodological reflection on the importance of a fruitful dialogue between exegesis and constructive theology, addressing the hermeneutical and ethical challenges raised by Romans 5:1.
This volume is intended for students, scholars, and theologians, as well as anyone interested in contemporary issues in biblical and theological interpretation.
Guidance and counseling services on parenting patterns to improve executive function of children aged 7-12 years
Authors: Nasution Nasution , Wiraningtyas Agrippina , Nurmaya Alya , Ahyansyah Ahyansyah , Mawaddah Sukma , Safitri Andi Hasli Yati Ike
Published: November 2024

The objectives of this study were to (1) understand the parenting patterns used by parents for children aged 7-12 years in Bima city; (2) understand the guidance and counseling services used by parents for children aged 7-12 years in Bima city; (3) understand the condition of executive function of children aged 7-12 years in Bima city; (4) the relationship between guidance and counseling services with parenting patterns to improve executive function of children aged 7-12 years in Bima city. This type of research is descriptive quantitative research with a survey approach. The instrument used in this research is a questionnaire divided into several parts to measure variables related to parenting patterns, guidance and counseling services, and children's executive function. The collected data will be analyzed descriptively and inferentially using statistical tools. The results showed that democratic parenting with the highest percentage value of 39 percent can support the strengthening of children's executive functions, such as planning/prioritization, organization, time management, goal-directed persistence, flexibility, and metacognition. Guidance and counseling services on parenting patterns applied by parents have a significant relationship with children's executive functions. The calculation result of product moment correlation value is 0.351. Guidance and counseling services on parenting include directing and guiding, providing good examples, daily habituation, exemplary, empathy, and creating an open atmosphere with high scores and an average percentage of 11 percent. Thus, guidance and counseling services have great potential to support the development of children's executive function. Through structured programs and parental involvement in democratic parenting, children can be equipped with the necessary skills to face academic and social challenges and achieve their potential.
Heidegger’in Varlık Anlayışı Özelinde Phainomenon Kavramının Kökenine Dair Bir İnceleme
Authors: Günaydın İbrahim
Published: November 2024

Martin Heidegger’in phainomenon kavramına dair yapmış olduğu yorumuyla etimoloji ağırlıklı sözlüklerde geçen bu terime dair birtakım bulguların karşılaştırılıp incelenmesi ve sonrasında bu incelemelerin değerlendirilip yorumlanması çalışmanın amacını oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca bu çalışma ilgili amaç dairesinde kalarak kavramın etimolojik ve tarihsel incelemesini Heidegger’in varlık felsefesi ile birleştirerek, bu kavramın onun nezdinde nasıl yeniden yorumlandığını ve felsefi bir derinlik kazandığını tartışır. Bu tartışmada yatan gaye phainomenon’un dilsel kökenlerinden hareketle, Heidegger’in ontolojik yaklaşımına doğru bir geçiş yaparak, varlığın kendini açığa çıkarma sürecini ve bu sürecin felsefi anlamını kavramaya çalışmaktır. Çalışmanın kapsamı, Heidegger’in 1927 yılında yayımlanmış eseri Varlık ve Zaman’ın “Mukaddime”sinin “İkinci Bölümü”nde geçen “Fenomenolojik Araştırma Yöntemi” kısmının, “Phainomenon Kavramı” alt başlığı altında yer alan phainomenona dair yorumlar olacaktır. Phainomenon Heidegger’de varlığın kendisinin ortaya çıkma biçimi olmasından ötürü onun varlık anlayışının temel bir unsurudur. Bu nedenle, Heidegger’in felsefesini derinlemesine anlamak isteyen birinin phainomenon kavramı üzerine düşünmesi gerekir. Phainomenon üzerine düşünme, onun varlık kavramının temelinde yer alan kendini açığa vurma sürecini anlamak için de elzemdir. İnceleme ve değerlendirme mahiyetinde olan bu çalışmada takip edilen yöntem, yukarıdaki kapsam dâhilinde ilgili metnin merkeze alındığı yoruma dayalı çözümlemedir. Çalışma iki kısım ve bir sonuçtan oluşmaktadır. Çalışmanın genel planı phainomenon kavramının etimolojik incelenmesi, bulguların felsefi-lingüistik açıdan analizi, Heidegger’in bu kavrama dair yorumları, bu yorumların değerlendirilmesi ve sonrasında karşılaştırılıp yorumlanması şeklindedir. Metin merkezli yoruma dayalı çözümleme yöntemi üzerinden hareket eden bu çalışmanın kaynakları, aslıyla birlikte farklı tercümelerinden yararlanılarak Heidegger’in yukarıda ismi geçen eseri ve aynı zamanda çoğunlukla etimolojiye dayalı sözlüklerden oluşturulmuştur.
Davranışsal ve Sosyal Genomikte Nasıl Bir Nedensellik Kavramına İhtiyacımız Var?
Authors: Akbay Gökhan
Published: November 2024

Bu makalede, davranış genetiği ve sosyogenomik gibi alanlarda genlerin etkilerini nasıl gösterdiklerini en iyi şekilde ifade eden nedensellik kavramının taşıması gereken özellikler incelenecektir. İlk olarak düzenliliğe dayalı, mekanik ve fark yaratmaya dayalı nedensellik kavramları analiz edilecek ve bunlardan hangisinin bahsi geçen alanlardaki bilim insanları tarafından yaygın olarak kullanıldığı saptanacaktır. Bu çalışmada ortaya çıkan sonuçlara göre genom düzeyinde ilişkilendirme çalışmalarında genetik nedensellikten anlaşılan, fark yaratmaya dayalı, müdahale kuramı ekseninde bir nedensellik kavramıdır. Bu yaklaşımda nedensellik, olguyu bütün veçheleriyle ortaya çıkaran tüm koşul, süreç ve aktivitelerin toplamı değildir. Neden, karşılaştırılan gerçek veya varsayımsal durumların farklarını açıklayan bir faktör veya faktörler kümesidir. Müdahale ise ideal bir deneydir. Başta Judea Pearl ve James Woodward olmak üzere, çeşitli bilim felsefecileri tarafından açımlanan bu kavrayış, ilgili alanlardaki mevcut kullanımı doğru yansıtmakla birlikte, mevzubahis genomik yöntemler deneysel çalışmalarla desteklenmediği sürece, genler ve karmaşık fenotipler arasındaki ilişki korelasyondan öteye geçmeyecek ve müdahale kuramının nedensellik atfı koşullarını karşılayamayacaktır. Mekanik nedensellik kuramı nedensel ilişkileri daha zengin biçimde yansıtması açısından avantajlıdır, ancak daha zayıf kriterlerin bile karşılanamadığı bir durumda mekanistik modellerin geliştirilmesi oldukça zordur.
Gilles Deleuze Açısından Immanuel Kant Felsefesi: Deleuze’ün Kant Okuması Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Urtekin Gülsima , Saygılı Serdar
Published: November 2024

Gilles Deleuze, kıta felsefesinin önde gelen filozoflarından birisi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Deleuze felsefeyi kavram yaratmak, kendisini de saf metafizikçi olarak tanımlamıştır. Deleuze felsefesine sistem filozoflarını okumakla başlamıştır. Bu okumalar arasında dikkat çeken isimlerden biri de Kant olmuştur. Deleuze, bu okumalar sonucunda verdiği seminerlerde dinleyicilerini Kant üzerine düşünmeye yönlendirirken aynı zamanda Kant sistemi üzerinde analizler yapmıştır. Deleuze’ün Kant üzerine yaptığı analizler çağdaşları tarafından takdir görmüştür. Zira Kant felsefesindeki zorluklar ya da muğlak olarak değerlendirilebilecek bağlantılar, Deleuze’ün okumalarıyla açıklık kazanmıştır. Deleuze yaptığı analiz sonucunda Kant’ın sabit özne, uzam-zaman ve sistemli düşünme anlayışlarını eleştirmiştir. Çünkü Kant’ın sabit özne anlayışı herhangi bir sisteme bağlı düşünmeyi gerektirir. Özne, sistemin dışına çıkamadığı için farklı düşünmeyi ertelemektedir. Deleuze, Kant’ın kategoriler, uzam-zaman ve özne anlayışıyla farklı düşünmeyi olumsuzlayan bir sistem geliştirdiğini düşünmüştür. Deleuze Kant’ın bu sistemini eleştirirken köksap düşünme ve oluş içinde özne anlayışı bağlamında sistemsiz bir düşünce geleneği başlatmıştır. Bu bağlamda Kant’ı eleştirmesine rağmen Kant etkilerini de felsefesine taşımıştır. Bu çalışmada Kant felsefesi ile Deleuze fikirleri arasındaki etkileşimler ele alınacak, Kant’ın Deleuze felsefesindeki yeri tartışılacaktır.
Tüketim Toplumunda Kadın ve Estetik Operasyonlar
Authors: Kahraman Burak
Published: November 2024

Son yıllarda sosyal medyanın da içinde yer aldığı internet teknolojileri günümüz toplumlarını sosyal, kültürel ve yapısal anlamda hiç olmadığı kadar çok değiştirmiş ve dönüştürmüştür. Teknoloji ve sosyal medya tüketim toplumunun oluşmasında yeri büyük olan tüketim kültürünü yeniden inşa ederek toplumsal yapının dönüşmesini sağlamış iki olgudur. Küresel şirketlerin reklamları sosyal medya üzerinden bize her an ulaşabilmektedir. Modern toplumların tüketicileri sosyal medya kaynaklı yönlendirmeler ile istenilen ve durmadan arzu eden tüketiciler haline gelmiştir. Tüketim toplumunda tüketiciler bedenlerini gördükleri bu öğretiler ile inşa etmeye başlamışlardır. Bu süreçte tüketicilerin yaşam tarzına dahil edilen her meta yeniden inşa edilmiştir. Modern çağda değişen ve dönüşen tıp teknolojileri sayesinde sadece kıyafetler değil bedenler de modaya göre değişmeye başlamıştır. Estetik operasyonlar sonucu özellikle kadınların bedenlerini inşa etme sürecinin analiz edilmesi tüketim toplumunun anlaşılması açısından oldukça önemlidir. Kadınlar eril bakışın yönlendirdiği şekilde maruz kaldıkları güzellik algıları sonucunda estetik operasyonlara başvurmaktadırlar ve toplumsal onaydan geçecek müdahalelere razı olmaktadırlar. Sosyal medya, ödemede taksit gibi kolaylıklar, yapılan fotoğraf paylaşımları estetik operasyonların sayısını arttıran etkenlerden sadece birkaçıdır. Bu çalışmada tüketim toplumu ve estetik operasyonlar toplumsal cinsiyet açısından analiz edilmiştir.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Social Science, Vol. 20, No. 6
Authors: Zhang Jenny
Published: November 2024

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Asian Social Science, Vol. 20, No. 6 2024.
Reviewer acknowledgements for English Language Teaching, Vol. 17, No. 12, 2024
Authors: Yu Gavin
Published: November 2024

Reviewer acknowledgements for English Language Teaching, Vol. 17, No. 12, 2024
Teacher Perceptions of ESP Materials: The Case of an ESP Teacher at a Vocational Institution in Kuwait
Authors: Alfaraj Aicha , Alkandari Hanan
Published: November 2024

In this article, we explore the journeys through which English for Specific Purposes (ESP)  teachers can go while designing and employing ESP materials in their classrooms. The research implements a case study approach to track the terrains of the experience of one ESP teacher through the observation and documentary analysis of the design and application of ESP materials in her courses at a vocational institution in Kuwait, the Public Authority of Applied Education and Training. This analysis was accompanied by a series of semistructured interviews to gain an idea of what the teacher’s thoughts and feelings were during the experience. The research has uncovered valuable insights into the events that ESP teachers encounter while venturing into a field in which they might not be highly experienced. Recommendations revolved around reinforcing the value of teamwork in the design, development, and implementation of ESP materials in the institution, both internally within the department and externally with the scientific disciplines. The study similarly suggests an urgent need for teacher education and professional development programs to raise the awareness of novice and in-service teachers on the experiences of teachers in this realm and the anticipated pitfalls, urging them to think creatively about how to overcome such struggles and achieve successful outcomes.
On Invariance of Chi-squared Tests Under Different Probability Models
Authors: Islam Khairul , J. Shapla Tanweer
Published: November 2024

A chi-squared test is a popular test for assessing relationship between two factors or categorical variables summarized in the form of a contingency table. In this study, we establish the invariance of a chi-squared test under three different study designs, namely, cohort, case-control and cross-sectional studies involving distinct probabilistic models. By the invariance of the chi-squared test, we refer to the fact that the form of a chi-squared test remains unchanged under different probabilistic models. The theoretical derivation of expected cell frequencies carried out in this study, under different study designs and probability models, will be exemplary and invaluable to researchers to understand as to why they can use an identical form of the chi-squared test for a contingency table resulting from case-control, cohort or cross-sectional study design for testing independence. This study is also useful in academia to demonstrate why contingency table resulting under different study designs is subject to identical form of a chi-squared test, which has not been well documented in existing literature. The examples and applications utilized in this study provide directions as to how differently formulated studies are implemented via a chi-squared test.
Optimization of Outer-Rotor Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Motor Using Response Surface Method
Authors: Gao Jingzhou , Liu Aifeng , Yang Jianwei , Zhao Shengdun , Liu Jiaji
Published: November 2024

Flux switching permanent magnet (FSPM) motors, especially outer-rotor FSPM (OR-FSPM), have caught our attention due to their advantages such as robust structure, torque density, energy density, and fault tolerance. However, the double salient pole structure of OR-FSPM motor causes large torque fluctuation, which will lead to the motor running unstably, poor working accuracy, and difficulty achieving good motor control. Therefore, this paper presents an optimization process for an OR-FSPM as motor/generator in flywheel energy storage systems (FESS). First, an initial 12/10 OR-FSPM is investigated through the finite element method (FEM). Second, the influences of single variables such as stator slot width, rotor tooth width, and air-gap length on the torque performance are studied. Third, a multi-variable optimization is processed through the response surface method (RSM) combined with FEM. Finally, the optimized 12/10 OR-FSPM is verified through FEM. The results of the initial structure and the optimized structure show that the average torque of the optimized motor is increased by 3.7 %, and the torque ripple is reduced by 36.06 %. In addition, the back-electromagnetic force (back-EMF) amplitude of the optimized motor is sharply reduced from 283.1 V to 192.8 V.
Improving the Efficiency of Steel Plate Surface Defect Classification by Reducing the Labelling Cost Using Deep Active Learning
Authors: Yang Wenjia , Zhou Youhang , Meng Gaolei , Li Yuze , Gong Tianyu
Published: November 2024

Efficient surface defects classification is one of the research hotpots in steel plate defect recognition. Compared with traditional methods, deep learning methods have been effective in improving classification accuracy and efficiency, but require a large amount of labeled data, resulting in limited improvement of detection efficiency. To reduce the labeling effort under the premise of satisfying the classification accuracy, a deep active learning method is proposed for steel plate surface defects classification. Firstly, a lightweight convolutional neural network is designed, which speeds up the training process and enhances the model regularization. Secondly, a novel uncertainty-based sampling strategy, which calculates Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between two kinds of distributions, is used as an uncertainty measure to select new samples for labeling. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is validated using the steel surface defects dataset from Northeastern University (NEU-CLS) and the milling steel surface defects dataset from a local laboratory. The proposed global pooling-based classifier with global average pooling (GAPC) network model combined with the Kullback-Leibler divergence sampling (KLS) strategy has the best performance in the classification of steel plate surface defects. This method achieves 97 % classification accuracy with 44 % labeled data on the NEU-CLS dataset and 92.3 % classification accuracy with 50 % labeled data on the milling steel surface defects dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve steel surface defects classification accuracy of not less than 92 % with no more than 50 % of the dataset to be labeled, which indicates that this method has potential application in surface defect classification of industrial products.
The Impact of Micro-texture Distribution on the Frictional Performance of Straight Bevel Cylindrical Gears
Authors: Xu Tiantian , Guan Qingyu , Ma Chunlu
Published: November 2024

In order to alleviate wear on the tooth surfaces during gear transmission and to enhance the anti-seizing capabilities of the tooth faces, this paper proposes micro-textured gears as a solution to this challenge. Firstly, three types of micro-textured gears were designed based on the mechanism of action of micro-textures and the meshing positions during gear transmission. Secondly, finite element simulation tests were conducted with and without micro-textured gears, and the stresses, strains, and wear levels experienced by the micro-textured gears during transmission were analyzed. The study found that torque and rotational speed have a direct impact on the gear surface. Compared to traditional gears, gears with micro-textures distributed above the pitch circle promoted a 51.57% reduction in stress and a 61.81% reduction in strain, also altering the concentration locations of stress and strain on the tooth surfaces, which led to a 50.51% reduction in wear. This research has significant implications for improving the frictional performance of gears, with micro-textures on the tooth surfaces acting as containers for lubricants and metal filings, preventing abrasive wear of the friction pairs on the tooth faces and enhancing the durability of the gears.
Design of 3D Printed Below-Knee Prosthetic - A Finite Element and Topology Optimization Study
Authors: Ozmen Ozbil , Surmen Hasan Kemal
Published: November 2024

There are approximately 35 to 40 million people worldwide who require assistive devices, including prosthetics and orthoses. Most amputee patients have a lower amputation. The high cost of prosthetics, long production and delivery times, the frequent need for prosthetics in growing children and limited accessibility to prosthetics are common complaints of amputees. This study aims to design and fabricate a lightweight, high-strength, low-cost and easily accessible three dimensional (3D) printed below-knee prosthetic leg without support material to improve the quality of life of amputees. First, a flexible and jointless one-piece below-knee prosthetic leg model was designed by considering the anthropometric data of children who frequently require prosthetics. Then, using the finite element and topology optimization methods, an optimized prosthetic leg model was developed according to the results of structural analyses performed by considering the loading conditions and boundary conditions during daily activities such as standing, walking, ascending and descending stairs. Finally, the prosthetic model was modified for a support-free additive manufacturing process and a socket and heel piece were added. The designed prosthetic leg model was fabricated using the additive manufacturing method with hard thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) material. The final prosthetic leg design achieved a safety factor of 4.14 and a weight reduction of 50.37 % compared to the solid model. In addition, a 50 % reduction in material usage and a 32 % reduction in fabrication time were achieved through topology optimization and support-free design.
Review on Immunological Perspectives and Therapeutic Management Strategies for COVID-19
Authors: Kakde Rushikesh K. , Kale Nitin R. , Sanap Gajanan
Published: November 2024

The global spread of COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2 has posed unique challenges to public health. This review was carried out from the perspective of immunological and pathological changes affecting epidemiological features of the disease during progression and therapy. COVID-19 primarily affects the respiratory system but may also affect cardiovascular and neurological systems, manifesting various symptoms from fever and cough to such severe complications as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and organ failure. Patterns in immune responses involving decreases in peripheral T cells and natural killer cells have been recognized as being part of a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. Finally, it discusses the dynamic of the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, including droplet mode spread and possible fecal-oral pathway. The virus's structural and pathological attributes are emphasized, complemented by a historical overview that chronicles its transformation from a non-threatening variant to a worldwide hazard. Various management approaches, encompassing traditional Indian medicinal practices and immune-enhancing measures such as zinc, iron, magnesium, vitamins, and herbal treatments, are assessed regarding their effectiveness in bolstering immunity and facilitating recovery. Additionally, lifestyle habits such as physical activity, sufficient rest, and proper hydration contribute to the maintenance of immune health. This extended review presents analyses of SARS-CoV-2 mechanisms of immune alteration and a unified approach toward the understanding and combat of COVID-19.
Potassium Nutrition Affects the Growth and Productivity of Onion Varieties
Authors: Ahmed Mukhtar , Wahocho Niaz Ahmed , Memon Noor-un-Nisa , Jamro Ghulam Murtaza , Kandhro Muhammad Nawaz
Published: November 2024

Potassium (K) plays a key role in onion growth and bulb formation. Therefore, analyzing how different onion varieties respond to varying potassium levels can help to optimize the potassium usage, enhance bulb quality and improve onion production resilience, ultimately leading to better economic returns. The present study explored the response of onion varieties to different potassium doses. Four K doses (0, 50, 75 and 100 kg ha-1) were tested using four onion varieties (Nasarpuri, Phulkara, Thano bulla khan and Ghotki). The significant nutritional effect was observed on all tested varieties. The increasing K supply (150 kg ha-1) exhibited better performance for growth and bulb related attributes. Significantly heavier plants with maximum height and neck diameter were recorded from higher K Supply over other K doses. The plants fertilized with adequate K nutrition retained the intensified physiological maturity. The higher K supply also exerted significant influence on bulb related traits. The bulb harvested from plots fertilized with increasing K nutrition had maximum weight and diameter with large scales. With regards to varieties, Nasapuri and Phulkara were found to be superior for all the traits over other varieties. Highest plant height, larger and heavier leaves were recorded in Nasapuri variety. The maximum bulb weight was also found in Nasapuri followed by Phulkara variety across the K treatments. The shorter plants with minimum bulb size and weight were harvested from Ghotki variety under all K conditions. The Ghotki variety also took more time to attain physiological maturity. It is concluded that onion varieties may be nourished with K @100 kg ha-1 for better growth and higher bulb production.
Signwriting – a escrita de sinais e sua função comunicativa
Authors: Reis Josiane Coêlho , Chahini Thelma Helena Costa
Published: November 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma análise da estrutura e da função do código de escrita da Libras signwriting, ainda em processo de validação, relacionando-o com a origem da escrita até os dias atuais. O interesse pela temática parte da relevância em conhecer e explorar esse código, analisando-o enquanto possível escrita da comunidade surda. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, desenvolvida com base nos pressupostos teóricos de Petit (1979), Havelock (1996), Bizóli e Stumpf (2023), Barreto e Barreto (2015), Breda (2017), entre outros. A partir do estudo, verificou-se que o código signwriting apresenta em sua estrutura símbolos visuais que representam os parâmetros em Libras: as configurações de mão, os movimentos, orientação da palma da mão, direcionalidade e as expressões não manuais das línguas de sinais, assemelhando-se em alguns aspectos, com os primeiros registros gráficos da humanidade. Notou-se ainda que a evolução da escrita a partir do alfabeto romano facilitou a comunicação ao longo da história e, mesmo apresentando variações, é um sistema utilizado em vários lugares do mundo, inclusive no Brasil. Dessa forma, uma vez que a Libras é legalmente reconhecida no país, torna-se relevante pensar, no signwriting, como uma opção para a escrita da Libras, considerando que a escrita de sinais, se constitui enquanto um elemento de comunicabilidade.
Estudo observacional retrospectivo de felinos diagnosticados com lesão de reabsorção odontoclástica em Caxias do Sul
Authors: Rodrigues Amanda da Silva , Rossi Ana Luiza Vazquez , Sapin Carolina da Fonseca , Maciel Leonardo Smiderle , Vanassi Letícia Corrêa , Vial Luísa Picoli , Bianchi Manoela Maria , Castilhos Teiffny de
Published: November 2024

Os avanços na odontologia veterinária proporcionaram uma compreensão mais profunda do impacto das patologias orais nos animais, principalmente em felinos. Uma afecção oral proeminente em felinos é a lesão de reabsorção odontoclástica (LROF), caracterizada pela perda gradual de estruturas dentárias devido à corrosão do tecido dentário pelos odontoclastos. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo dos prontuários odontológicos de pacientes felinos em busca de animais diagnosticados com LROF. Observou-se maior ocorrência da afecção em felinos adultos e idosos, FIV e FeLV negativos, fêmeas e sem raça definida. Já os dentes terceiros pré-molares inferiores direito e esquerdo (407 e 307, respectivamente) e o molar inferior direito (409) foram identificados com maior predisposição ao desenvolvimento da doença. No presente estudo, os tipos de leões mais comuns classificadas de acordo com o aspecto radiográfico foram os tipos 1 e 3 e a patologia oral mais associada à LROF foi a doença periodontal.