bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The European Green Deal and Climate Policy of the New Independent States
Authors: Burkova E.
Published: January 2022

This article considers the most relevant component of the global environmental problem – the climate one. The article aims to identify the reaction of a national state to the global climate challenge. The subject of consideration is climate policy and, more broadly, the whole set of reactions of the political sphere of society to the global climate change. Among the tasks set by the author is to understand the nature of setting and solving new climatic environmental problems, to find out how they fit into national development strategies, to establish the interdependence of the climate ambitions of countries with the type of development, the carbon intensity of their economies, the structure of exports, the degree of energy independence. The solution of these tasks is carried out on the example of a number of new independent states (including CIS ones). A brief comparative analysis of these countries’ and the EU climate activities is carried out. The breakthrough event of the European environmental policy – the Green Deal of 2019 is taken as a starting point for the analysis. The main attention is paid to the key instrument of the EU climate policy today – the border carbon tax. Additional attention is paid to the observance of the principles of social justice in the implementation of new environmental activities (a just transition mechanism). The paper pays special attention to the role of Russia in the global climatic process. An assessment of the state of the climate segment of the environmental protection industry of our country, as well as the prospects for its development, is given.
Junction Configuration Effects on the Photovoltaic Parameters of a-Si/CZTS Solar Cells
Authors: Bitam H. , Hadjoudja B. , Zaidi Beddiaf , Shakher C. , Gagui S. , Ullah Muhammad Sana
Published: January 2022

Due to increased energy intensive human activities resulting accelerated demand for electric power coupled with occurrence of natural disasters with increased frequency, intensity, and duration, it becomes essential to explore and advance renewable energy technology for sustainability of the society. Addressing the stated problem and providing a radical solution has been attempted in this study. To harvest the renewable energy, among variety of solar cells reported, a composite a-Si/CZTS photovoltaic devices has not yet been investigated. The calculated parameters for solar cell based on the new array of layers consisting of a-Si/CZTS are reported in this study. The variation of i) solar cell efficiency as a function of CZTS layer thickness, temperature, acceptor, and donor defect concentration; ii) variation of the open circuit current density as a function of temperature, open circuit voltage; iii) variation of open circuit voltage as a function of the thickness of the CZTS layer has been determined. There has been no reported study on a-Si/CZTS configuration-based solar cell, analysis of the parameters, and study to address the challenges imped efficiency of the photovoltaic device and the same has been discussed in this work. The value of the SnO2/a-Si/CZTS solar cells obtained from the simulation is 23.9 %.
Prevalence, Risk Factors and Residential Variation among HIV/TB co-infected Mortality in Amhara Region, Fenote Selam Hospital: Application of Multilevel Logistic Regression
Authors: Debelu Berhanu Bekele
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affect the mortality among adult HIV/TB co-infected patients and to see the nutritional difference among mortality in residence level. Retrospective cohort studies of 417 patients which fulfill our criteria were included. Multilevel logistic regression models were used. MLwiN and SPSS software are used to estimate the parameter. The variance of the random factor in the empty model was significant which indicates that there were residential differences in TB-HIV co-infected mortality and it shows multilevel analysis was an appropriate approach for further analysis. The prevalence of HIV/TB co-infected patients' death was 12.9% in study time. Functional status, age of patients, WHO clinical stages, nutritional status, CD4 counts, regimen, and BMI were found to be significant determinants of HIV/TB co-infected mortality. In our study, patients with the bedridden category of functional status, the fourth stages of WHO clinical stages (stage IV), patients with higher age, patients whose treatments were second-line regimen and low CD4 cell counts were more at risk of death. The study also revealed that; poor nutritional status increased the risk of mortality among HIV/TB co-infected patients and it varies among the residence of the patients (rural area were more at risk).
Mathematical Description of the Increase in Selectivity of an Anion-Exchange Membrane due to Its Modification with a Perfluorosulfonated Ionomer
Authors: Kozmai Anton , Pismenskaya Natalia , Nikonenko Victor
Published: January 2022

Ion-exchange membranes (IEMs) are widely used in desalination, waste water treatment, food, energy production and other applications. There is a strong demand for cost-effective IEMs characterized by high selective transport of ions of a certain sign of charge. In this paper, we simulate the experimental results of V. Sarapulova et al. (IJMS 2021) on the modification of an inexpensive anion-exchange membrane (CJMA-7, Hefei Chemjoy Polymer Materials Co. Ltd., China) with a perfluorosulfonated ionomer (PFSI). The modification was made in several stages including keeping the membrane at a low temperature, applying a PFSI solution on its surface, and subsequent drying it at an elevated temperature. We apply the known microheterogeneous model with some new amendments to simulate each stage of the membrane modification. It has been shown that the PFSI film formed on the membrane-substrate does not affect significantly its properties due to the small thickness of the film (4 m) and similar properties of the film and substrate. The main effect is caused by the fact that PFSI material “clogs” the macropores of the CJMA-7 membrane, thereby blocking the transport of coions through the membrane. In this case, the membrane microporous gel phase, which has a high selectivity to counterions, remains the primary pathway for both counterions and coions. Due to the above modification of the CJMA-7 membrane, the coion (Na+) transport number in the membrane equilibrated with 1 M NaCl solution decreased from 0.11 to 0.03. Thus, the modified membrane becomes comparable in its transport characteristics with more expensive IEMs available on the market.
Genetics, Molecular Control and Clinical Relevance of Habituation Learning
Authors: Blok Laura E.R. , Boon Marina , van Reijmersdal Boyd , Höffler Kira D. , Fenckova Michaela , Schenck Annette
Published: January 2022

Habituation, the most ancient and fundamental form of learning, manifests already before birth. Neuroscientists have been fascinated for decades by its function as a firewall protecting our brains from sensory information overload and its indispensability for higher cognitive processing. Evidence that habituation learning is affected in autism and related monogenic neurodevelopmental syndromes and their animal models has exponentially grown, but the potential of this convergence to advance both fields is still largely unexploited.In this review, we provide a systematic overview of the genes that to date have been demonstrated to underlie habituation across species. We describe the biological processes they converge on, and highlight core regulatory pathways and repurposable drugs that may alleviate the habituation deficits associated with their dysregulation. We also summarize currently used habituation paradigms and extract the most important arguments from literature that support the crucial role of habituation for cognition in health and disease. We conclude that habituation is a powerful tool to overcome current bottlenecks in research, diagnostics and treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders.
BODY FAT AND VISCERAL FAT AMONG MARRIED MAN AND WOMAN IN RURAL SOCIETIES
Authors: Subarno Loan , Samsudin  , Nur Ali
Published: January 2022

High levels of body fat and visceral fat are the causes of metabolic disorders which are influenced by several factors, including gender. Good social economic condition has brought many changes in the food choices and eating behaviors among married man and woman in rural societies. This shift around nutrition has given rise to Body Fat dan Visceral Fat level which is lead to degenerative illness. Considering this condition, the present study was planned to 1) determine the differences of Body Fat and Visceral fat among married Man and Woman and 2) Find the relationship between the Body Fat with Visceral Fat among Man and Woman. A total of 34 Karang Tengah Villagers 15 Men, 19 women, 18-30+ years from all over the village were voluntary joining the study. Verbal Inform concern was obtained, a self-administered questionnaire was given, and the Body composition were measured by bio-electric impedance analysis device. Data were analyzed using SPSS – 23. The results indicated that Body Fat average in Man were lower than Woman with 21,28% and 39,25%, respectively (p-value 0.000). But different result showed in Visceral Fat, Men were Higher than Women, 10,4 and 7,26, respectively (p-value 0.028). Significant positive correlations were found among Body Fat and Visceral Fat level in both Men (r 0,977, p-value 0,000) and Women (r 0,971, p-value 0,000). Findings of present study suggest that there is need for coordinated efforts to reduce the prevalence of high percentage Body Fat and Visceral Fat and to develop healthy eating behaviors among Villagers.
LEARNING OUTCOMES OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Hasbullah Asep , Sofyan Hanif Achmad , Setiakarnawijaya Yasep , Pelana Ramdan
Published: January 2022

This study aims to analyze and determine the effect of physical activity, learning environment, and learning motivation on physical education, sport. This study used quantitative approach with a descriptive method. This research was conducted at Senior High School 1 Cikarang Timur with a sample of 90 students of eleventh grade through simple random sampling technique. The data analysis technique used is path analysis. The results of this study indicate that (1) there is a positive direct effect of physical activity on physical education learning outcomes with a calculation of 0.258, (2) there is a positive direct influence of the learning environment on physical education learning outcomes with a calculation of 0.212, (3) there is a positive direct effect of learning motivation on physical education learning outcomes with a calculation of 0.288, (4) there is a direct positive effect of physical activity on learning motivation with a calculation of 0.325, and (5) there is a direct positive effect of the learning environment on learning motivation with a calculation of 0.334. Thus, the conclusion shows that physical activity, learning environment, and learning motivation are important factors to improve learning outcomes at Senior High School 1 Cikarang Timur.
Comparison of 800 Meter and 400 Meter Run Effects on The Increase Of Lactic Acid In Athletic Athlete
Authors: Kalih Barkah Sekar , Rahmadani Eka Anjar
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to obtain information about the differences in the increase in lactic acid from the 800 meter and 400-meter running results. Lactic acid is the result of the rest of the energy-burning metabolism of anaerobic lactated. This condition occurs in the metabolism of the breakdown of carbohydrates into lactic acid is not perfect, which is one indicator of the onset of fatigue in the muscles. The method used is two group pre-test and post-test design method. With purposive sampling technique, samples using 20 people from the population amount to 85 people from athletic KOP members of Jakarta State University. The data analysis technique used is an at-independent test. The data analysis technique used is a statistical technique with t-test significant t-significant = 0,05 data analysis technique used is t-test analysis to compare with t-table significant level 5%. Between two meanings (SEmxmy) = 0,78 this becomes t arithmetic result = 3,564. Then the result of the calculation is tested with table on degrees of freedom (dk) = (n1 + n2) - 2 = (10 + 10) - 2 and trust level 0,05 t count 2,101 (t-arithmetic = 3,564 > t-table = 2,101). Run 800 meters greatly influence the increase of lactic acid than the run 400 meters group.
VALUATION OF LEARNING PHYSICAL EDUCATION LEARNING IN THE PANDEMIC TIME OF COVID-19 IN SMK AL-HIDAYAH I
Authors: Putranto R. Tamtomo , Sukur Abdul , Marlina Siregar Nofi
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to find out how much the effectiveness level of physical education online learning

during the COVID-19 pandemic at SMK Al-Hidayah 1 Jakarta Class X students. The research method used was a descriptive qualitative researchmethod, namely a survey using Google form media which done in their respective homes. The population in this study were students of SMK Al-Hidayah 1 Jakarta. Grade X students totaling 268 students and using a sample of 38 students in the same class. This study used an instrument inthe form of a questionnaire with variables. This research includes three aspects of affective, cognitive and psychomotor. Affective here uses aresearch instrument in the form of a questionnaire to obtain research data with a total of 18 questions with answer options Strongly Agree (SS),Agree (S), Disagree (TS) Strongly Disagree (STS) Based on the results of research analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that the level ofphysical education learning during the COVID-

19 pandemic can be broken down as follows, the affective category average is 33.56, the cognitive average is 89.59

and the psychomotor is 69.41. From the three data, it was found that the average level of learning effectiveness was

67.27 with a poor category.
THE INFLUENCE OF KINESTHETIC PERCEPTION, HAND-EYE COORDINATION, AND SELF-CONFIDENCE ON STROKE DRIVE SKILLS IN BADMINTON GAME
Authors: Hadistya Hilman , Ramdan Pelana  , Yasep Setiakarnawijaya
Published: January 2022

This study aims to reveal the direct and indirect effects, as well as the simultaneous effect of exogenous variables on endogenous variables. The sample in this study were 30 beginner athletes of Gold Badminton Club and Sarwendah Badminton Club Jakarta. The research approach used in this study is an associative quantitative approach, a survey method with a test technique. The data analysis technique used a path analysis approach (path analysis). Data were analyzed by path analysis through structural model testing at = 0.05. The results showed that: 1) there was a direct kinesthetic effect on the badminton game's ball drive skills of 0.438, 2) there was a direct effect of eye-hand coordination on the badminton game's ball drive skills of 0.208, 3) there was a direct influence of self-confidence on the ball drive skills badminton game is 0.336, 4) there is a direct kinesthetic effect on self-confidence which is 0.237, 5) there is a direct effect of eye-hand coordination on self-confidence which is 0.199. From the analysis of the direct and indirect effects, it can be concluded that the biggest influence is the direct effect of kinesthetic coordination on the badminton game's repulsive drive skills of 0.438.
Fluktuasi Kenaikan Aset, Liabilitas dan Ekuitas Perusahaan Selama Pandemi Covid 19 (Studi Kasus Perusahaan Terdaftar di JII 2018-2020)
Authors: Abdullah Mei K.
Published: January 2022

The study aims to test differences in fluctuations in assets, liabilities, and equity of JII-listed companies from 2018-2020. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach and a paired sample t-test using secondary data. The research object is the company that entered the JII in December-May 2018, 2019, and 2020 (20 companies). The results showed that current assets, fixed assets, total assets, short-term liabilities, long-term liabilities, and equity of JII listed companies from 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 fluctuated, but there was no difference in fluctuations between the period before the Covid-19 pandemic (2018-2019) and after the Covid-19 pandemic (2019-2020).
A thermodynamic origin for the Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson bound
Authors: Ramakrishna Satish
Published: January 2022

The Cohen-Kaplan-Nelson bound is imposed on the grounds of logical consistency (with classical General Relativity) upon local quantum field theories. This paper puts the bound into the context of a thermodynamic principle applicable to a field with a particular equation of state in an expanding universe. This is achieved without overtly appealing to either a decreasing density of states or a minimum coupling requirement, though they might still be consistent with the results described. We do so by defining an appropriate Helmholtz free energy which when extremized relative to a key parameter (the Hubble radius L) provides a scaling formula for the entropy with the Hubble radius (an exponent r used in the text). We deduce that the CKN bound is one possible solution to this extremization problem (with r = 3/2 ), but there are others consistent with r = 2. The paper establishes that the holographic principle applied to cosmology is consistent with minimizing the free energy of the universe in the canonical ensemble, upon the assumption that the ultraviolet cutoff is a function of the causal horizon scale.
DHHFL-MABAC Approach based on DHHFLDM-LCME for Multi-criteria Group Decision Making Involving Sewage Treatment Company Selection
Authors: Xian Sidong , Yan Zhaoyu , Wan Wenhua
Published: January 2022

With the continuous acceleration of urban construction and development, ecological governance has become an important part of our green life. Therefore, how to select the appropriate governance company in the complex decision-making environment is very important. A double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic multi-attributive border approximation area method (DHHFL-MABAC) is proposed in this paper, which is based on distance measure and comprehensive weight. DHHFL-MABAC method not only considers the potential loss, but also has simple calculation and stable results. The double hierarchy hesitant fuzzy linguistic distance measure based on least common multiple (DHHFLDM-LCME) is proposed, which reduces the loss of original information and makes the result more accurate. Binary contrast method is proposed and combined with entropy weight to obtain comprehensive weight, which makes the determined weight more reasonable. Finally, this method is applied to the case selected by the sewage treatment company and proved its effectiveness.
Assessment of meteorological settings on air quality modeling system - a proposal for UN-SDG and regulatory studies in non-homogeneous regions in Brazil
Authors: Silva Mauricio Soares da , Pimentel Luiz Cláudio Gomes , Duda Fernando Pereira , Aragão Leonardo , Silva Corbiniano , Dragaud Ian Cunha D'Amato Viana , Vicentini Pedro Caffaro
Published: January 2022

Air quality models are essential tools to meet the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN-SDG) because they are effective in guiding public policies for the management of air pollutant emissions and their impacts on the environment and human health. Despite its importance, Brazil still lacks a guide for choosing and setting air quality models for regulatory purposes. Based on this, the current research aims to assess the combined WRF/CALMET/CALPUFF models for representing SO2 dispersion over non-homogeneous regions as a regulatory model for policies in Brazilian Metropolitan Regions to satisfy the UN-SDG. The combined system was applied to the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Region (RJMR), which is known for its physiographic complexity. In the first step, the WRF model was evaluated against surface-observed data. The local circulation was underestimated, while the prevailing observational winds were well-represented. In the second step, it was verified that all CALMET three meteorological configurations performed better for the most frequent wind speed classes, so that the largest SO2 concentrations errors occurred during light winds. Among the meteorological settings in WRF/CALMET/CALPUFF, the joined use of observed and modeled meteorological data yielded the best results for the dispersion of pollutants. This result emphasizes the relevance of meteorological data composition in complex regions with unsatisfactory monitoring given the inherent limitations of prognostic models and the excessive extrapolation of observed data that can generate distortions of reality. This research concludes with the proposal of the WRF/CALMET/CALPUFF air quality regulatory system as a supporting tool for policies in the Brazilian Metropolitan Regions in the framework of the UN-SDG, particularly in non-homogeneous regions where steady-state Gaussian models are not applicable.
From an Al4-Cluster to Al+ Complexes: Lessons on Metalloidal Clustering
Authors: Dabringhaus Philipp , Willrett Julie , Krossing Ingo
Published: January 2022

Low-valent aluminium compounds are among the most reactive and widely researched main-group compounds. Since the isolation of [(AlCp*)4] in 1991 as the first stable, molecular AlI compound, a variety of highly reactive neutral or anionic low-valent aluminium complexes were developed. In particular, the strongly basic aluminyl anions allowed for nucleophilic activation of a large variety of small molecules and formation of elusive transition-metal complexes. By contrast, an accessible cationic, low-valent aluminium compound combining the nucleophilicity of low-valent compounds with the electrophilicity of aluminium is hitherto unknown. Here, we report the synthesis of [Al(AlCp*)3]+[Al(ORF)4]– (RF = C(CF3)3) via a simple metathesis route. Unexpectedly, the complex ion forms a dimer in the solid state and in concentrated solutions. Addition of Lewis bases results in monomerization and coordination to the unique formal Al+ atom giving [(L)xAl(AlCp*)3]+ salts with L = hexaphenylcarbodiphosporane (cdp; x = 1), tetramethylethylenediamine (tmeda; x = 1) and 4-dimethylamino-pyridine (dmap; x = 3). Depending on the donor strength of the ligand added, the Al+–AlCp* bonds in the [(L)xAl(AlCp*)3]+ cluster cations can be finely tuned between very strong (L = nothing) to very weak and approaching isolated [Al(L)3]+ ions (L = dmap). We anticipate our easily accessible low-valent aluminium cation salts to be the starting point for investigation and potential application of this unusual compound class. In particular, the ambiphilic reactivity of the cationic, low-valent compounds will be studied. Moreover, knowledge gained from the stabilization of the reported complex salts is expected to facilitate the isolation and application of novel cationic, low-valent Al complexes.
Draft Genome of Tanacetum Coccineum: Genomic Comparison of Closely Related Tanacetum-Family Plants
Authors: Yamashiro Takanori , Shiraishi Akira , Nakayama Koji , Satake Honoo
Published: January 2022

The plant Tanacetum coccineum (painted daisy) is closely related to Tanacetum cinerariifolium (pyrethrum daisy). However, T. cinerariifolium produces large amounts of pyrethrins, a class of natural insecticides, whereas T. coccineum produces much smaller amounts of these compounds. Thus, comparative genomic analysis is expected to contribute a great deal to investigating the difference in biological defense systems, including pyrethrin biosynthesis. Here, we elucidated the 9.4-Gb draft genome of T. coccineum, consisting of 2,836,647 scaffolds and 103,680 genes. Comparative analyses of the draft genome of T. coccineum and that of T. cinerariifolium, generated in our previous study, revealed distinct features of T. coccineum genes. While the T. coccineum genome contains more numerous ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP)-encoding genes, the number of higher-toxicity type-II RIP-encoding genes is larger in T. cinerariifolium. Furthermore, the number of histidine kinases encoded by the T. coccineum genome is smaller than that of T. cinerariifolium, suggesting a biological correlation with pyrethrin biosynthesis. Moreover, the flanking regions of pyrethrin biosynthesis-related genes are also distinct between these two plants. These results provide clues to elucidation of species-specific biodefense systems, including the regulatory mechanisms underlying pyrethrin production.
Celiac Disease in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Data from an Italian Child Cohort
Authors: Zambrano Stefania , Parma Barbara , Morabito Valeria , Borini Silvia , Romaniello Roberta , Molteni Massimo , Mani Elisa , Selicorni Angelo
Published: January 2022

Background: In recent decades some studies described the frequent co-occurrence of celiac disease autoimmunity and/or overt celiac disease in patients with autism. Therefore, it was suggested that celiac disease could play a possible role in the etiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder. However, several other studies have not confirmed this association. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the potential association between autism spectrum disorder and celiac disease.Methods: We prospectively collected data from an Italian cohort of 223 children at the time of their clinical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in the 2019-2020 period. A serological celiac disease screening was performed and data were available for 196 patients; male (M):female (F) ratio = 4.4:1; median age = 3.6 years; age range = 1.6–12.8 years. Full-blown celiac disease was established according to the diagnostic algorithm of the European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) 2012 or 2019 guidelines. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the celiac disease seroprevalence and prevalence in our autism spectrum disorder cohort and in the Italian healthy pediatric population studied by Gatti et al. to highlight the possible differences between the two groups.Results: A not statistically significant difference between the celiac disease seroprevalence in our autism spectrum disorder cohort (4.08%) and Gatti’s Italian healthy group (2.22%) was found, p = 0.0810; OR = 1.871. A similar result emerged for overt celiac disease prevalences (2.24% versus 1.58%, respectively), p = 0.2862; OR = 1.431.Conclusions: Our data validates a weakness of association between autism spectrum disorder and celiac disease. Regular screening for celiac disease in young patients with autism spectrum disorder is not strongly recommended to a greater extent than in the general population.
The COVID-19 pandemic impacted maternal mental health differently depending on pregnancy status and trimester of gestation
Authors: Bérard Anick , Gorgui Jessica , Tchuente Vanina , Lacasse Anaïs , Gomez Yessica-Haydee , Côté Sylvana , King Suzanne , Muanda Flory , Mufike Yves Mufike , Boucoiran Isabelle , Nuyt Anne Monique , Quach Caroline , Ferreira Ema , Kaul Padma , Winquist Brandace , O'Donnell Kiernan , Eltonsy Sherif , chateau Dan , Zhao Jinping , Hanley Gillian , Oberlander Tim , Kassai Behrouz , Mainbourg Sabine , Bernatsky Sasha , Vinet Evelyne , Brodeur-doucet Annie , Demers Jackie , Richebé Philippe , Zaphiratos Valerie
Published: January 2022

Introduction: We aimed to measure the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal mental health, stratifying on pregnancy status, trimester of gestation, and pandemic period/wave.Methods: Pregnant persons and persons who delivered in Canada during the pandemic, >18 years, were recruited, and data were collected using a web-based strategy. The current analysis includes data on persons enrolled between 06/2020-08/2021. Maternal sociodemographic indicators, mental health measures (Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Generalized Anxiety Disorders (GAD-7), stress) were self-reported. Maternal mental health in pregnant women (stratified by trimester, and pandemic period/wave at recruitment) was compared with mental health of women who had delivered; determinants of severe depression were identified with multivariate logistic regression models.Results: 2,574 persons were pregnant and 626 had already delivered at recruitment. Participants who had delivered had significantly higher mean depressive symptom scores compared to those pregnant at recruitment (9.1 (SD, 5.7) vs. 8.4 (SD, 5.3), p=0.009). Among those who were pregnant at recruitment, depressive symptoms were significantly higher in women recruited in their third trimester, and those recruited during the 2nd wave of the pandemic. Maternal anxiety (aOR 1.51; 95%CI 1.44-1.59) and stress (aOR 1.35; 95%CI 1.24-1.48) were the most significant predictors of severe maternal depression (EDPS˃13) in pregnancy. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on maternal depression during pregnancy and in the post-partum period. Given that gestational depression/anxiety/stress have been associated with preterm birth and childhood cognitive problems, it is essential to continue following women/children, and develop strategies to reduce COVID-19’s longer-term impact.
Disparities In Eye Clinic Patient Encounters Among Patients Requiring Language Interpreter Services
Authors: Mudie Lucy I. , Patnaik Jennifer L. , Gill Zafar , Wagner Marissa , Christopher Karen L. , Seibold Leonard K. , Ifantides Cristos
Published: January 2022

Background: Communication barriers are a major cause of health disparities for patients with limited English proficiency. Medical interpreters play an important role in bridging this gap, however the impact of interpreters on outpatient eye center visits has not been studied. We aimed to evaluate the impact of medical interpreters on eyecare patient encounters at a tertiary, safety-net hospital in the United States.Methods: A retrospective review of patient encounter metrics collected by our electronic medical record was conducted for all encounters between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2020. Patient demographics, primary language spoken, need for interpreter and encounter characteristics including new patient status, patient time waiting for providers and time in room were collected. We compared these patient visit times by interpreter use, with our main outcomes being time spent with ophthalmic technician, time spent with eye care provider, and time waiting for eye care provider. Interpreter services at our hospital are typically remote (via phone or video). Results: A total of 202,895 patient encounters, of which 56,230 (27.7%) required an interpreter, were analyzed. After adjusting for patient age at visit and new patient status, patients requiring an interpreter spent between 1.7 to 4.5 minutes longer with the technician and 1.1 to 2.1 minutes with their ophthalmologist (p<0.01), dependent on language. Spanish speakers also spent on average 1.2 minutes longer waiting for their providers after the technician completely their work up than English speakers (p<0.01), but for other languages this difference was not significant. Limited English Proficiency patients with an interpreter needed were more likely to keep their appointment once it was made when compared to those patients not needing an interpreter, and more likely to have their allergies, problem list and medications reviewed during their visit. Conclusions: Interpreters have a statistically significant impact on the eye clinic patient encounter, but less than we expected. Eyecare providers must be aware of this to prevent negative impacts on patient care. Equally important, healthcare systems should consider ways to prevent unreimbursed extra time from being a financial disincentive for seeing patients who require interpreter services.
Wellens’ Syndrome: Incidence, Characteristics, and Long-Term Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Zhou Li , Gong Xuhe , Dong Tianhui , Cui He-he , Chen Hui , Li Hongwei
Published: January 2022

Background: Sparse study of large sample size are available on patients with Wellens’ syndrome. We sought to assess the current incidence, risk factors, clinical presentation and long-term outcomes of this population. Methods: Among a total of 3528 patients with ACS underwent angioplasty from 2017 to 2019 in our center, 2127 NSTE-ACS patients with culprit vessel of LAD were enrolled in this study. According to electrocardiographic criteria, they were divided into Wellens’ group (n = 200) and non-Wellens’ group (n =1927). The primary endpoint was cardiac death; the secondary endpoint was MACCE, a composite of all-cause death, cardiac death, recurrent myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization, heart failure and stroke. Results: The incidence of Wellens’ syndrome was 5.7% (200 of 3528) in all the ACS patients. Wellens’ syndrome was more often manifested as NSTEMI (69% vs 17.5%, P＜0.001). Percent of preexisting coronary heart disease (39.6% vs 23%) and previous PCI (19.5% vs 9%) were significantly higher in the non-Wellens’ group than in Wellens’ group (all P<0.001). More importantly, the proportion of early PCI was higher in Wellens’ group (68% vs 59.3%, P=0.017). At a median follow-up of 24 months, Wellens’ syndrome was not a factor that affects the prognosis of MACCE (P=0.05) and cardiac death (P=0.188). Conclusions: In patients with NSTE-ACS, Wellens’ syndrome does not affect the prognosis. The presence of age≥65years, diabetes, NSTEMI, eGFR< 60ml/min and left main disease were associated with an incidence of cardiac death. Early recognition and aggressive intervention are critical as they may help to attenuate adverse outcomes.
Manipulator Trajectory Control Combined with Moving Average Filtering Algorithm
Authors: Meng Jian-Jun , Chen Xiao-Tong , Qi Wen-Zhe , Li De-Cang , Xu Ru-Xun
Published: January 2022

To solve the problem of abnormal angular velocity and angular acceleration in manipulator trajectory motion controlled by quintic spline interpolation algorithm, a manipulator trajectory control algorithm combined with moving average filtering algorithm was proposed. Based on the quintic spline interpolation algorithm, the moving average filtering algorithm was used to clean the abnormal data under the quintic spline interpolation. And the recursive forward dynamics model based on joint space motion was used to design the trajectory motion control of the manipulator. The simulation results show that the manipulator trajectory control algorithm combined with the moving average filtering algorithm has strong constraint ability of diagonal velocity and angular acceleration, and 67% of the maximum velocity and maximum acceleration of the joint axis of the designed manipulator trajectory are significantly reduced, and the curve is smoother.
Alcohol Consumption and Closed Borders - How COVID-19 Restrictions have Impacted Alcohol Sales and Consumption in Europe
Authors: Leifman Håkan , Dramstad Kalle , Juslin Emil
Published: January 2022

BackgroundThe closing of bars, restaurants and international borders during the COVID-19 pandemic led to significant changes in alcohol availability. The study provides a first systematic overview of the monthly development of alcohol sales in Europe during the pandemic in order to determine the effect of closed borders on the sales and consumption of alcohol.MethodsThe study covers 60 months from January 2015 to December 2020 in 14 northern-European countries with excise revenue data for beer, wine, spirits separately and summed, converted into litres of pure alcohol per capita 15+ as a proxy for alcohol sales. March-December 2020 is seen as the pandemic period. The analyses consist of (1) descriptive trends of sales before and during the pandemic, (2) assessment of the pandemic impact on sales by time-series analyses and (3) case studies of countries with substantial cross-border inflow or outflow of alcohol.ResultsThe result shows an overall reduction in alcohol sales during the pandemic. Nevertheless, the results differ based on the level of cross-border purchasing flows pre-pandemic, as countries with high cross-border inflow saw an increase in domestic sales as the pandemic hit. ConclusionThe closing of intra-European borders had a significant redistributing effect on alcohol sales. While noting sales increases, cross-border inflow countries generally saw a decrease in total alcohol consumption as not all cross-border purchases were replaced by domestic sales. This has important policy implications as large volumes of cross-border inflow of alcohol can negatively affect excise revenue as well as public health outcomes. The methodology can be used to further explore the reliance of different purchasing streams in a domestic alcohol market.
Cerebellar Engagement In The Attachment Behavioral System
Authors: Picerni Eleonora , Laricchiuta Daniela , Piras Fabrizio , Petrosini Laura , Spalletta Gianfranco , Cutuli Debora
Published: January 2022

Brain structural bases of individual differences in attachment are not yet fully clarified. Given the evidence of relevant cerebellar contribution to cognitive, affective, and social functions, the present research was aimed at investigating potential associations between attachment dimensions (through the Attachment Style Questionnaire, ASQ) and cerebellar macro- and micro-structural measures (Volumetric and Diffusion Tensor Imaging data). In a sample of 79 healthy subjects, cerebellar and neocortical volumetric data were correlated with ASQ scores at the voxel level within specific Regions Of Interest. Also, correlations between ASQ scores and age, years of education, anxiety and depression levels were performed to control for the effects of sociodemographic and psychological variables on neuroimaging results.Positive associations between scores of the Preoccupation with Relationships (ASQ subscale associated to insecure/anxious attachment) and cortical volume were found in the cerebellum (right lobule VI and left Crus 2) and neocortex (right medial OrbitoFrontal Cortex, OFC) regions. Cerebellar contribution to the attachment behavioral system reflects the more general cerebellar engagement in the regulation of emotional and social behaviors. Cerebellar properties of timing, prediction, and learning well integrate with OFC processing supporting the regulation of attachment experiences. Cerebellar areas might be rightfully included in the attachment behavioral system.
Oxidative stress promotes liver cancer metastasis via a PKA-activated RNF25/ECAD/YAP circuit
Authors: Huang Zhao , Zhou Li , Duan Jiufei , Qin Siyuan , Wang Yu , Jiang Jingwen , Jin Ping , Li Bowen , Luo Maochao , He Bo , Li Lei , Wu Peijie , Qiao Ling , Chen Haining , Nice Edouard , Wei Yuquan , Huang Canhua
Published: January 2022

Loss of E-cadherin (ECAD), often caused by epigenetic inactivation, is closely associated with tumor metastasis. However, how ECAD is regulated in response to oxidative stress during tumorigenesis is largely unknown. Here we identify RNF25 as a new E3 ligase of ECAD, whose activation by oxidative stress leads to ECAD protein degradation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Loss of ECAD activates YAP, which in turn promotes the transcription of RNF25, thus forming a positive feedback loop to sustain the ECAD downregulation. YAP activation mitigates oxidative stress in detached HCC cells by upregulating antioxidant genes, protecting detached HCC cells from ferroptosis, resulting in anoikis resistance. Mechanistically, we found that protein kinase A (PKA) senses oxidative stress by redox modification in its β catalytic subunit (PRKACB) at Cys200 and Cys344, which increases its kinase activity towards RNF25 phosphorylation at Ser450, facilitating RNF25-mediated degradation of ECAD. Moreover, RNF25 expression is associated with HCC metastasis and depletion of RNF25 is sufficient to diminish HCC invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Together, these results identify a dual role of RNF25 as a critical regulator of ECAD protein turnover, promoting both anoikis resistance and metastasis, and PKA is a necessary redox sensor to enable this process. Our study provides mechanistic insight into how tumor cells sense oxidative stress signals to spread while escaping cell death.
Colocolic intussusception in children: A case series and literature review
Authors: Yan Jiayu , Shen Qiulong , Peng Chunhui , Pang Wenbo , Chen Yajun
Published: January 2022

Background
Colocolic intussusceptions is a rare subtype of intussusception mostly caused by juvenile polyps. The treatment of colocolic intussusception caused by other pathologic lead points remains poorly understood.
Methods
A systematic literature review between January 2000 and June 2021 was performed to characterize the comprehensive treatment of colocolic intussusception in children. This report also included 10 patients admitted to our center between 2010 and 2020 not previously reported in the literature.
Results
We identified 27 patients in 20 studies in addition to 10 patients from our center for a total of 37 patients (median age, 4.0 years; 54.1% male). The lead point was identified in 33 patients (33/37, 89.2%). The most common lead point was juvenile polyps (16/33, 48.5%). A therapeutic enema was performed in 12 patients with colocolic intussusception caused by juvenile polyps and was successful in 8 patients (8/12, 66.7%). Colonoscopic polypectomy was subsequently performed in 7 patients and was successful in 6 patients (6/7, 85.7%). The other patient had undergone laparoscopic exploration, and no abnormality was found. Subsequently, the patient underwent open surgery. The patients with colocolic intussusception caused by other pathologic lead points almost underwent surgical treatment (14/17, 82.4%), including 12 open surgeries and 2 laparoscopic surgeries.
Conclusion
A therapeutic enema followed by colonoscopic polypectomy is feasible to treat colocolic intussusception caused by juvenile polyps unless the patient has bowel perforation; however, open surgery is sometimes needed. For patients with colocolic intussusception caused by other pathologic lead points, open surgery may be preferable to laparoscopic surgery.
Novel Data About Unusual Location of Toxoplasma Gondii Within Active Microbial Community in the Anterior Chamber of the Eye of Egyptian Rural Children
Authors: Eleinen Khaled G. Abu , Abdelaal Amany A. , Nadar Ahmed H. , El-Adawy Azza I. , Sayed Ahmed , Diab Aya A. , Samir Omar , Abdel-Hafez Yosra N. , Abdel-Shafi Iman R. , Kotb Ahmed A. , Saif Ahmed T.S. , Youseif Ahmed B. , Alatyar Adham A. , Sheble Mostafa A. , Noman Aser M. , EI-Dardiry Marwa Ahmed
Published: January 2022

In Egypt, many cases of granulomatous anterior uveitis consisting of single or multiple gelatinous nodules were detected in children living in rural areas. These lesions are believed to be waterborne and were previously attributed to flatworms ‘stage, showing some improvement after antiparasitic treatment. In a trial to explore the nature of these ocular lesions among rural Egyptian children, twenty surgically excised ocular lesions were subjected to transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination. TEM results were combined with previous results of the metagenomic analysis performed for four cases out of the twenty samples, revealing the presence of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), besides, a wide range of microbial communities, including variable species of fungi, bacteria, and archaea. The excised lesions ranged from 1 to 5 mm in size and demonstrated an extensive inflammatory cellular infiltrate. Using TEM, five out of twenty samples revealed active eukaryotic organisms with intact energetic cellular organelles, besides, numerous nuclei encircled within a syncytial layer and enclosed by a hyaline layer rich in mitochondria. Six samples showed inactivity in the cellular and the covering portions, while just inflammatory reaction was seen in the remaining nine samples. Toxoplasma gondii was found free within the distal part of the syncytium while, the proximal part showed the active synthesis of possibly extra polymeric substance, perhaps secreted by the microbial community. In a conclusion, Toxoplasma gondii has been detected among a microbial community in an atypical lesion in the eye. Further studies need to be sustained on genotype characterization, proteomic analysis, besides, the aquatic transmission of these mixed microbial species to the ocular tissues to clarify the reason behind such ocular illness.
Environmental implications of fluoride presence in drinking water along the southeastern of El Bajío Guanajuatese, Guanajuato, Mexico: sources and health effects
Authors: Arredondo José Iván Morales , Hernández Armienta , Flores-Ocampo I.Z. , Flores-Vargas R.
Published: January 2022

Chronic exposure from drinking water with naturally high concentrations of fluoride (F⁻) has serious health consequences in several regions across the world including north-central Mexico as Guanajuato State, where the rural population is particularly dependent on untreated groundwater pumped from wells that have natural F- concentrations higher than those allowed by national and international regulations. The contaminated aquifers in the area are usually located in fractured volcanic environment that interacts with sedimentary basins and have a carbonate basement. Few studies focused on identifying the origin and hydrogeochemical processes related to fluoride release and mobilization have been developed, and even fewer that quantify the natural content of F in the geological environment. In this study, an evaluation of fluoride in volcanic rocks collected from 11 sampling sites along the Sierra de Codornices (Guanajuato State, Central Mexico) was carried out. The fluoride content is disseminated in volcanic rocks and the highest contents were obtained in felsic rocks. According to results obtained of a sampling campaign of 32 wells in 2019 their statistical and hydrogeochemical evaluation suggest that F- mobilization in groundwater from Juventino Rosas and Villagran municipalities, is a product of volcanic glass dissolution, a process involved in alkaline desorption occurring on the surfaces of F-containing minerals, and possibly on ion exchange occurring in minerals and some clays or even in deep fluids enriched in F. All these processes may be accelerated by the geothermal characteristics of the groundwater in the study area. The hydrogeochemical results and the epidemiological survey conducted indicate that children and older adults of Praderas de la Venta are at risk of exposure to F- due to the high concentrations ingested over a long period of time, to the toxicity of the element and its ability to accumulate in the bones. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations increases the risk.