bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methodological Issues in Analyzing Real-World Longitudinal Occupational Health Data: A Useful Guide to Approaching the Topic
Authors: Colin-Chevalier Rémi , Dutheil Frédéric , Cambier Sébastien , Dewavrin Samuel , Cornet Thomas , Baker Julien Steven , Pereira Bruno
Published: June 2022

Ever greater technological advances and democratization of digital tools such as computers and smartphones offer researchers new possibilities to collect large amounts of health data in order to conduct clinical research. Such data, called real-world data, appears to be a perfect complement to traditional randomized clinical trials and has become more important in health decisions. Due to its longitudinal nature, real-world data is subject to specific and well-known methodological issues, namely issues with the analysis of cluster-correlated data, missing data and longitudinal data itself. These concepts have been widely discussed in the literature and many methods and solutions have been proposed to cope with these issues. As examples, mixed and trajectory models have been developed to explore longitudinal data sets, imputation methods can resolve missing data issues, and multilevel models facilitate the treatment of cluster-correlated data. Nevertheless, the analysis of real-world longitudinal occupational health data remains difficult, especially when the methodological challenges overlap. The purpose of this article is to present various solutions developed in the literature to deal with cluster-correlated data, missing data and longitudinal data, sometimes overlapped, in an occupational health context. The novelty and usefulness of our approach is supported by a step-by-step search strategy and an example from the Wittyfit database, which is an epidemiological database of occupational health data. Therefore, we hope that this article will facilitate the work of researchers in the field and improve the accuracy of future studies.
Perceived Satisfaction with Online Study during COVID-19 Lockdown Correlates Positively with Resilience and Negatively with Anxiety, Depression, and Stress among Slovenian Postsecondary Students
Authors: Gabrovec Branko , Selak Špela , Crnkovič Nuša , Cesar Katarina , Šorgo Andrej
Published: June 2022

Background: The purpose of this study is to fill the research gap regarding the influence of satisfaction with distance learning on the correlates of mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: An online cross-sectional study was conducted in February and March 2021, involving 4661 postsecondary students. Five validated instruments—PHQ-9 (depression), GAD-7 (anxiety), PSS-4 (stress), CD-RISC-10 (resilience) and SAT-5 (satisfaction with online study)—were used in the present study. Findings: The correlations between anxiety, depression, and stress were so high that they were almost inextricably linked. Both satisfaction with online learning and psychological resilience were negatively correlated with anxiety, depression, and stress. Satisfaction with online learning was also negatively correlated with psychological resilience. Females showed higher levels of vulnerability to anxiety, depression, and stress, and exhibited lower levels of psychological resilience than males. Conclusion: Home-based distance-learning during the COVID-19-induced lockdown had a significant impact on students’ mental health. Low satisfaction with distance learning can lead to the development of anxiety and depression symptoms, increase stress, and decrease the psychological resilience of postsecondary students; therefore, it is critical that educational institutions focus on implementing interventions that promote students’ satisfaction with distance learning, and their psychological resilience, to protect their mental health.
Developing a Meaningful Garden Space in a Care Home with Staff and Family Members: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Giebel Clarissa , de Boer Bram , Gabbay Mark , Watkins Caroline , Wilson Neil , Tetlow Hilary , Verbeek Hilde
Published: June 2022

Background: Care home residents are often passive and lack active engagement in meaningful activities. The aim of this qualitative study was to co-develop a plan for a meaningful garden space in an urban care home in the north of England, to inform the subsequent building of such a garden space on the care home premises. Methods: Members of staff participated in focus groups conducted at the care home. Family carers were interviewed by telephone. Both focus groups and interviews were audio-recorded, with transcripts analysed independently using thematic analysis by two researchers, and consensus achieved on final themes. Findings: Two focus groups with staff (n = 17) and seven interviews with family carers were held. Thematic analysis generated seven key themes for the garden about its meaning and environmental features: (1) Current opinions on physical environment; (2) access; (3) adaptation to the environment; (4) staffing; (5) socialising; (6) sensory features; and (7) active meaningful participation. The garden needed to be accessible to residents in wheelchairs, and in all weathers and seasonal conditions, as well as being adapted to the needs of people living with dementia. Areas for social activities, such as picnics, and intergenerational activities, as well as private spaces, were recommended. Throughout the garden, sensory features were suggested, incorporating the use of vision, smell, touch, and sound, such as through water features. Moreover, it was recommended that residents should be able to contribute to the delivery of the activities themselves, including through a café and a vegetable garden. Conclusions: Family carers and staff considered that the garden would benefit from an intensive update to meet the needs of residents. This study therefore has practical implications for care home design, which are of even greater importance since the pandemic, as outdoor spaces were considered safer for care home visiting.
An Exploratory Analysis of the Effect of Demographic Features on Sleeping Patterns and Academic Stress in Adolescents in China
Authors: Carollo Alessandro , Chai Weiyi , Halstead Elizabeth , Dimitriou Dagmara , Esposito Gianluca
Published: June 2022

Adolescents typically engage in unhealthy lifestyle habits including short sleep and high academic stress. These in turn may have serious impacts on their development. The present study examines the effect of demographic characteristics on sleep patterns and academic stress in adolescents. A sample of 244 (119 females) junior high school adolescents aged between 11 and 16 were recruited from China. The Student Life Stress Questionnaire and the School Sleep Habits Survey were used to assess participants’ sleep habits and academic stress. Multipair and corrected pairwise Kruskal–Wallis tests were conducted to assess the effect of school grade, gender, academic performance level, living situation, single child status, and parental education on adolescents’ sleeping patterns and academic stress. Significant changes in facets of sleeping patterns emerged when examining groups of students in terms of school grade, living situation, and single-child status. Furthermore, caffeine consumption was found to be significantly higher in males, in students with poorer academic performances, and in single-child adolescents. Ultimately, academic stress was modulated by adolescents’ school grade, academic performances, living situation, and single-child status. Developmental trajectories in sleep patterns together with differential exposure to stressors and adopted coping mechanisms are discussed in the manuscript.
Association between Self-Classification of COVID-19 Risk Levels and Adverse Lifestyle Changes among Physically Active Older Adults Following the Coronavirus Outbreak
Authors: Marom Pnina , Zalcman Beth G. , Dankner Rachel
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed barriers to a healthy lifestyle, especially for older adults who are considered to be at a high-risk of infection. This study examined the associations between negative changes and the self-classification to COVID-19 risk level among physically active older adults who are members of a nationwide health club chain. A cross-sectional digital survey was sent to 19,160 older adults (age ≥ 65). The data collected included information on the subjects’ self-classification to the COVID-19 high-risk group (HRG) and changes in physical activity (PA), body weight, and smoking habits since the outbreak. Logistic regression models were used to investigate the associations between the dependent variables of ‘experienced a negative change’ and the independent variables. Of the 1670 survey respondents, 78.3% classified themselves as COVID-19 HRG. Over half of the respondents reported a reduction in PA hours, 26.6% reported weight gain, and 17.7% of smokers increased their amount of smoking. A self-classification to the HRG was associated with 1.46 (95%CI 1.10–1.93, p < 0.009) and 1.67 (95%CI 1.21–2.31, p < 0.002) greater odds for reduced hours of exercise and weight gain compared to the not high-risk group, respectively. Decision makers should consider how policies may cause barriers to a healthy lifestyle and develop risk communication strategies to encourage positive health-related behaviors, even during a pandemic.
Effect of Transcranial Pulsed Current Stimulation on Fatigue Delay after Medium-Intensity Training
Authors: Wu Qingchang , Fang Guoliang , Zhao Jiexiu , Liu Jian
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of transcranial pulsed current stimulation (tPCS) on fatigue delay after medium-intensity training. Materials and Methods: Ninety healthy college athletes were randomly divided into an experimental group (n = 45) and control group (n = 45). The experimental group received medium-intensity training for a week. After each training, the experimental group received true stimulation of tPCS (continuous 15 min 1.5 mA current intensity stimulation). The control group received sham stimulation. The physiological and biochemical indicators of participants were tested before and after the experiment, and finally 30 participants in each group were included for data analysis. Results: In the experimental group, creatine kinase (CK), cortisol (C), time-domain heart rate variability indices root mean square of the successive differences (RMSSD), standard deviation of normal R-R intervals (SDNN), and frequency domain indicator low frequency (LF) all increased slowly after the intervention. Among these, CK, C, and SDNN values were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Testosterone (T), T/C, and heart rate variability frequency domain indicator high frequency (HF) in the experimental group decreased slowly after the intervention, and the HF value was significantly lower than that in the control group (p < 0.05). The changes in all of the indicators in the experimental group were smaller than those in the control group. Conclusion: The application of tPCS after medium-intensity training enhanced the adaptability to training and had a significant effect on the maintenance of physiological state. The application of tPCS can significantly promote the recovery of autonomic nervous system function, enhance the regulation of parasympathetic nerves, and delay the occurrence of fatigue.
Screening of Serum Biomarkers of Coal Workers’ Pneumoconiosis by Metabolomics Combined with Machine Learning Strategy
Authors: Chen Zhangjian , Shi Jiaqi , Zhang Yi , Zhang Jiahe , Li Shuqiang , Guan Li , Jia Guang
Published: June 2022

Pneumoconiosis remains one of the most serious global occupational diseases. However, effective treatments are lacking, and early detection is crucial for disease prevention. This study aimed to explore serum biomarkers of occupational coal workers’ pneumoconiosis (CWP) by high-throughput metabolomics, combining with machine learning strategy for precision screening. A case–control study was conducted in Beijing, China, involving 150 pneumoconiosis patients with different stages and 120 healthy controls. Metabolomics found a total of 68 differential metabolites between the CWP group and the control group. Then, potential biomarkers of CWP were screened from these differential metabolites by three machine learning methods. The four most important differential metabolites were identified as benzamide, terazosin, propylparaben and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. However, after adjusting for the influence of confounding factors, including age, smoking, drinking and chronic diseases, only one metabolite, propylparaben, was significantly correlated with CWP. The more severe CWP was, the higher the content of propylparaben in serum. Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) of propylparaben showed good sensitivity and specificity as a biomarker of CWP. Therefore, it was demonstrated that the serum metabolite profiles in CWP patients changed significantly and that the serum metabolites represented by propylparaben were good biomarkers of CWP.
Organizational and Supply Chain Impacts of 3D Printers Implementation in the Medical Sector
Authors: Musso Fabio , Murmura Federica , Bravi Laura
Published: June 2022

3D printing application extends to various sectors, such as aerospace, construction, art, domestic, up to healthcare. It is in this domain that its adoption could offer technological solutions aimed at improving the individual life and guaranteeing organizational effectiveness. The aim of this study is to understand the way in which the adoption of medical 3D printers has introduced economic-business changes at the supply chain, organizational and environmental level within business processes considering the point of view of 3D printer manufacturers. A multiple case study has been developed, through the administration of a semi-structured interview to 7 Italian companies that design, manufacture and sell 3D printers offering additive technological solutions to the medical sector. The results show how companies believe that the organizational impact related to the adoption of this technology is quite significant, highlighting how it leads to the definition of a new organizational culture. Secondly, it emerges that the adoption of 3D printers within the medical sector also leads to a change in procedures and production activities. Finally, it also emerges that the impact at the supply chain level particularly affects the reduction in the number of players in the supply chain and product time to market.
Effect of Flywheel versus Traditional Resistance Training on Change of Direction Performance in Male Athletes: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Authors: Chaabene Helmi , Markov Adrian , Prieske Olaf , Moran Jason , Behrens Martin , Negra Yassine , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Koch Ulrike , Mkaouer Bessem
Published: June 2022

Objective: This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the effect of flywheel resistance training (FRT) versus traditional resistance training (TRT) on change of direction (CoD) performance in male athletes. Methods: Five databases were screened up to December 2021. Results: Seven studies were included. The results indicated a significantly larger effect of FRT compared with TRT (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.64). A within-group comparison indicated a significant large effect of FRT on CoD performance (SMD = 1.63). For TRT, a significant moderate effect was observed (SMD = 0.62). FRT of ≤2 sessions/week resulted in a significant large effect (SMD = 1.33), whereas no significant effect was noted for >2 sessions/week. Additionally, a significant large effect of ≤12 FRT sessions (SMD = 1.83) was observed, with no effect of >12 sessions. Regarding TRT, no significant effects of any of the training factors were detected (p > 0.05). Conclusions: FRT appears to be more effective than TRT in improving CoD performance in male athletes. Independently computed single training factor analyses for FRT indicated that ≤2 sessions/week resulted in a larger effect on CoD performance than >2 sessions/week. Additionally, a total of ≤12 FRT sessions induced a larger effect than >12 training sessions. Practitioners in sports, in which accelerative and decelerative actions occur in quick succession to change direction, should regularly implement FRT.
Differential Eating Behavior Patterns among the Dark Triad
Authors: Shi Liping , Sun Shijin , Geng Yaoguo
Published: June 2022

There is little extant empirical literature examining the associations between Dark Triad (DT: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) and eating behaviors. The current study (n = 361) investigated the associations between Dark Triad and restrained eating, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating in a sample drawn from the general population. The results from the study indicate that (a) despite expected sex differences in narcissism and primary psychopathy, no sex differences were found in Machiavellianism, secondary psychopathy, and eating behaviors; (b) among women, Machiavellianism was a protective factor against uncontrolled eating behaviors; (c) the sex of the participant moderated the narcissism–uncontrolled eating behaviors and narcissism–emotional eating behaviors relationships, with the negative correlation being stronger for men than that for women; (d) secondary psychopathy, rather than primary psychopathy, was associated with higher uncontrolled eating behaviors in both sexes, and associated with higher emotional eating behaviors for men only. The implication of these findings are interpreted and discussed.
A Food Relief Charter for South Australia—Towards a Shared Vision for Pathways Out of Food Insecurity
Authors: Pettman Tahna L. , Williams Carmel , Booth Sue , Wildgoose Deborah , Pollard Christina M. , Coveney John , McWhinnie Julie-Anne , McAllister Marian , Dent Carolyn , Spreckley Rory , Buckley Jonathan D. , Bogomolova Svetlana , Goodwin-Smith Ian
Published: June 2022

Chronic food insecurity persists in high-income countries, leading to an entrenched need for food relief. In Australia, food relief services primarily focus on providing food to meet immediate need. To date, there has been few examples of a vision in the sector towards client outcomes and pathways out of food insecurity. In 2016, the South Australian Government commissioned research and community sector engagement to identify potential policy actions to address food insecurity. This article describes the process of developing a co-designed South Australian Food Relief Charter, through policy–research–practice collaboration, and reflects on the role of the Charter as both a policy tool and a declaration of a shared vision. Methods used to develop the Charter, and resulting guiding principles, are discussed. This article reflects on the intentions of the Charter and suggests how its guiding principles may be used to guide collective actions for system improvement. Whilst a Charter alone may be insufficient to create an integrated food relief system that goes beyond the provision of food, it is a useful first step in enabling a culture where the sector can have a unified voice to advocate for the prevention of food insecurity.
The Effects of Physical-Chemical Evolution of High-Sulfur Petroleum Coke on Hg0 Removal from Coal-Fired Flue Gas and Exploration of Its Micro-Scale Mechanism
Authors: Jiang Jie , Diao Yongfa
Published: June 2022

As the solid waste by-product from the delayed coking process, high-sulfur petroleum coke (HSPC), which is hardly used for green utilization, becomes a promising raw material for Hg0 removal from coal-fired flue gas. The effects of the physical–chemical evolution of HSPC on Hg0 removal are discussed. The improved micropores created by pyrolysis and KOH activation could lead to over 50% of Hg0 removal efficiency with the loss of inherent sulfur. Additional S-containing and Br-containing additives are usually introduced to enhance active surface functional groups for Hg0 oxidation, where the main product are HgS, HgBr, and HgBr2. The chemical–mechanical activation method can make additives well loaded on the surface for Hg0 removal. The DFT method is used to sufficiently explain the micro-scale reaction mechanism of Hg0 oxidation on the surface of revised-HSPC. ReaxFF is usually employed for the simulation of the pyrolysis of HSPC. However, the developed mesoporous structure would be a better choice for Hg0 removal in that the coupled influence of pore structure and functional groups plays a comprehensive role in both adsorption and oxidation of Hg0. Thus, the optimal porous structure should be further explored. On the other hand, both internal and surface sulfur in HSPC should be enhanced to be exposed to saving sulfur additives or obtaining higher Hg0 removal capacity. For it, controllable pyrolysis with different pyrolysis parameters and the chemical–mechanical activation method is recommended to both improve pore structure and increase functional groups for Hg0 removal. For simulation methods, ReaxFF and DFT theory are expected to explain the micro-scale mechanisms of controllable pyrolysis, the chemical–mechanical activation of HSPC, and further Hg0 removal. This review work aims to provide both experimental and simulational guidance to promote the development of industrial application of Hg0 adsorbent based on HSPC.
New Advances in Cervical Cancer: From Bench to Bedside
Authors: D’Oria Ottavia , Corrado Giacomo , Laganà Antonio Simone , Chiantera Vito , Vizza Enrico , Giannini Andrea
Published: June 2022

Cervical cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy and the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide. Over the last two decades, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has emerged as the mainstay in the surgical management of early-stage cervical cancer, bringing advantages such as a lower operative morbidity and shorter hospital stay compared to open surgery, while maintaining comparable oncologic outcomes in numerous retrospective studies. Considering oncological patients, it is mandatory to assess the oncological outcomes and safety of this type of surgery. Moreover, there are different future outlooks on cervical cancer therapy, based on immunotherapy, target therapy, and poly-ADP-ribose polymerases (PARP) inhibitors in combination with each other, and in combination with standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The goal is to find an approach that is as personalized as possible.
Inequalities in Psychiatric Morbidity in Hong Kong and Strategies for Mitigation
Authors: Chan Siu-Ming , Lam Linda Chiu-Wa , Law Wing-Yan , Hung Se-Fong , Chan Wai-Chi , Chen Eric Yu-Hai , Chung Gary Ka-Ki , Chan Yat-Hang , Chung Roger Yat-Nork , Wong Hung , Yeoh Eng-Kiong , Woo Jean
Published: June 2022

This study explores the social gradient of psychiatric morbidity. The Hong Kong Mental Morbidity Survey (HKMMS), consisting of 5719 Chinese adults aged 16 to 75 years, was used. The Chinese version of the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R) was employed for psychiatric assessment of common mental disorders (CMD). People with a less advantaged socioeconomic position (lower education, lower household income, unemployment, small living area and public rental housing) had a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety disorder. People with lower incomes had worse physical health (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.05–3.82) and greater odds of having CMD in the presence of a family history of psychiatric illnesses (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.18–2.36). Unemployment also had a greater impact for those in lower-income groups (OR 2.67; 95% CI 1.85–3.85), whereas no significant association was observed in high-income groups (OR 0.56; 95% CI 0.14–2.17). Mitigating strategies in terms of services and social support should target socially disadvantaged groups with a high risk of psychiatric morbidity. Such strategies include collaboration among government, civil society and business sectors in harnessing community resources.
The Pre-Vaccination Donated Blood Is Free from Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) but Is Rich with Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies: A Cross-Section Saudi Study
Authors: Almaeen Abdulrahman H. , Alduraywish Abdulrahman A. , Ghazy Amany A. , El-Metwally Tarek H. , Alayyaf Mohammad , Alrayes Fahad Hammad , Alinad Ahmed Khalid M. , Albulayhid Saqer Bulayhid H. , Aldakhil Abdulrhman Rabea , Taha Ahmed E.
Published: June 2022

(1) Backgrounds and Objectives: Since its discovery, information about the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly. However, many issues remain unresolved. Coronaviruses are primarily transmitted through respiratory secretions. The possibility of transmission via donated blood transfusion deserves studying. This is the first study in Saudi Arabia to look at pre-vaccination donated blood anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody content as a marker for virus transmission via viral RNA positive blood and/or the potential therapeutic value of convalescent plasma. (2) Methods: A total of 300 blood samples were sequentially collected from unvaccinated donors who donated blood to the blood bank of Prince Mutaib Bin Abdulaziz Hospital in Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia. Specific ELISA was used to detect anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM antibodies. SARS-CoV-2 was detected using specific real-time reverse-transcription PCR (rRT-PCR). (3) Results: The prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG was low (9%), whereas the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM was high (65%). Relevant demographics, anthropometrics, and lifestyle factors revealed significant associations (p < 0.05) between IgM-positivity only vs. age (age group 21–30 years), postgraduate education, no history of international travel, IgG-negativity, and absence of experience with COVID-19-like symptoms. Furthermore, there are significant associations (p < 0.05) between IgG-positivity only vs. age (age group 21–30 years), postgraduate education, and being a non-healthcare worker. All donors in the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG-positive group (n = 27) had previously experienced symptoms similar to COVID-19 (p < 0.001) and most of them (n = 24) showed anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM-positive test (p = 0.006). However, all the samples tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA using rRT-PCR. (4) Conclusion: Our findings add to the growing body of evidence that donated blood is safe, with the added benefit of convalescent plasma rich in potentially neutralizing IgG and IgM against SARS-CoV-2.
Virtual Intergenerational Reverse-Mentoring Program Reduces Loneliness among Older Adults: Results from a Pilot Evaluation
Authors: Juris Jill J. , Bouldin Erin D. , Uva Katherine , Cardwell Christopher D. , Schulhoff Anastacia , Hiegl Nicole
Published: June 2022

Social isolation and loneliness can create negative health outcomes for older adults. Informed by social capital and intergroup contact theories, our goal was to reduce these social problems using an intergenerational reverse-mentoring program. During fall 2020, we implemented an adapted, fully online version of Cyber-Seniors that encouraged undergraduate students to provide technology mentoring to local older adults in a seven-county area in rural Appalachia. We recruited gerontology students through the university and local older adults through local aging organizations. We collected data through pre-and post-tests that included validated measures (Lubben Social Network Scale-6 and UCLA 3-item loneliness scale) and open-ended questions about the program. Thirty-one students and nine older adults completed the pre-survey; twenty students and eight older adults completed the post-survey. We made comparisons using t-tests and considered p < 0.20 to indicate meaningful differences given the anticipated small sample size in this pilot project. Isolation did not change among older adults but increased among students in the family domain (p = 0.14) between baseline and follow-up. Loneliness improved between the pre- and post-tests among older adults (mean: 5.6 (SD = 2.2) to 4.1 (SD = 1.3), p = 0.17) but not among students (mean: 5.0 (SD = 1.5) to 5.2 (SD = 1.7), p = 0.73). In open-ended responses, older adults described learning new ways to interact with friends and family as a result of the program. This program was acceptable and suggested effectiveness in an important health-related domain (loneliness). While larger studies are needed to fully test the program’s impact, this pilot evaluation suggests that reverse mentoring programs can be implemented virtually and may improve social outcomes.
The Relationship between Mindfulness and Job Burnout of Chinese Preschool Teachers: The Mediating Effects of Emotional Intelligence and Coping Style
Authors: Wang Yingjie , Xiao Bowen , Tao Ying , Li Yan
Published: June 2022

Preschool teachers’ job burnout has many adverse effects on their career development; although some studies have examined the influencing factors of teachers’ burnout, less were explored from the perspective of individual factors. This study aimed to examine the relationship between mindfulness and job burnout of preschool teachers, and the mediating effects of emotional intelligence and coping style. A total of 394 preschool teachers in China filled in questionnaires measuring mindfulness, emotional intelligence, coping style, and job burnout. The findings suggested that: (1) mindfulness was negatively related to job burnout; (2) emotional intelligence and negative coping style played independent mediating effects between mindfulness and job burnout; and (3) emotional intelligence and positive coping style played a chain mediating effect between mindfulness and job burnout. The results revealed the mechanism of mindfulness on preschool teachers’ job burnout, which is of great significance for the psychological intervention of preschool teachers in the future.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Travel Mode Choice Behavior in Terms of Shared Mobility: A Case Study in Beijing, China
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Shao Chunfu , Wang Bobin , Huang Shichen
Published: June 2022

Shared mobility is growing rapidly and changing the mobility landscape. The COVID-19 pandemic has complicated travel mode choice behavior in terms of shared mobility, but the evidence on this impact is limited. To fill this gap, this paper first designs a stated preference survey to collect mode choice data before and during the pandemic. Different shared mobility services are considered, including ride hailing, ride sharing, car sharing, and bike sharing. Then, latent class analysis is used to divide the population in terms of their attitudes toward shared mobility. Nested logit models are applied to compare travel mode choice behavior during the two periods. The results suggest that shared mobility has the potential to avoid the high transmission risk of public transport and alleviate the intensity of private car use in the COVID-19 context, but this is limited by anxiety about shared spaces. As the perceived severity of the pandemic increases, preference for ride hailing and ride sharing decreases, and a price discount for ride hailing is more effective than that for ride sharing at maintaining the ridership despite the impact of COVID-19. These findings contribute to understanding the change in travel demand and developing appropriate strategies for shared mobility services to adapt to the pandemic.
Sleep, Sedentary Time and Physical Activity Levels in Children with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Bianchim Mayara S. , McNarry Melitta A. , Barker Alan R. , Williams Craig A. , Denford Sarah , Holland Anne E. , Cox Narelle S. , Dreger Julianna , Evans Rachel , Thia Lena , Mackintosh Kelly A.
Published: June 2022

The aim of this study was to compare the use of generic and cystic fibrosis (CF)-specific cut-points to assess movement behaviours in children and adolescents with CF. Physical activity (PA) was assessed for seven consecutive days using a non-dominant wrist-worn ActiGraph GT9X in 71 children and adolescents (36 girls; 13.5 ± 2.9 years) with mild CF. CF-specific and generic Euclidean norm minus one (ENMO) cut-points were used to determine sedentary time (SED), sleep, light physical activity (LPA), moderate physical activity and vigorous physical activity. The effect of using a CF-specific or generic cut-point on the relationship between PA intensities and lung function was determined. Movement behaviours differed significantly according to the cut-point used, with the CF-specific cut-points resulting in less time asleep (−31.4 min; p < 0.01) and in LPA (−195.1 min; p < 0.001), and more SED and moderate-to-vigorous PA (159.3 and 67.1 min, respectively; both p < 0.0001) than the generic thresholds. Lung function was significantly associated with LPA according to the CF-specific cut-points (r = 0.52; p = 0.04). Thresholds developed for healthy populations misclassified PA levels, sleep and SED in children and adolescents with CF. This discrepancy affected the relationship between lung function and PA, which was only apparent when using the CF-specific cut-points. Promoting LPA seems a promising strategy to enhance lung function in children and adolescents with CF.
A Telehealth-Based Cognitive-Adaptive Training (e-OTCAT) to Prevent Cancer and Chemotherapy-Related Cognitive Impairment in Women with Breast Cancer: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: González-Santos Ángela , Lopez-Garzon Maria , Sánchez-Salado Carmen , Postigo-Martin Paula , Lozano-Lozano Mario , Galiano-Castillo Noelia , Fernández-Lao Carolina , Castro-Martín Eduardo , Gallart-Aragón Tania , Legerén-Álvarez Marta , Gil-Gutiérrez Rocío , Martín-Martín Lydia
Published: June 2022

Background: Many women with breast cancer experience a great number of side effects, such as cognitive impairment, during and after chemotherapy that reduces their quality of life. Currently, research focusing on the use of non-pharmacological, and specifically telehealth interventions to prevent or mitigate them has been insufficient. Methods: This protocol describes a randomized controlled trial aimed at studying the preventive effects of a videoconferenced cognitive-adaptive training (e-OTCAT) program (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04783402). A number of 98 eligible participants will be randomized to one of the following groups: (a) the experimental group receiving the e-OTCAT program during 12 consecutive weeks since the beginning of chemotherapy; and (b) the control group receiving and educational handbook and usual care. The primary outcome will be the cognitive function. Secondary measures will be psychological distress, fatigue, sleep disturbance, quality of life and occupational performance. The time-points for these measures will be placed at baseline, after 12 weeks and six months of post-randomization. Conclusion: This trial may support the inclusion of multidimensional interventions through a telehealth approach in a worldwide growing population suffering from breast cancer, emphasizing the prevention of cognitive impairment as one of the side effects of cancer and its treatments.
Assessing Patient Experience and Attitude: BSC-PATIENT Development, Translation, and Psychometric Evaluation—A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Amer Faten , Hammoud Sahar , Onchonga David , Alkaiyat Abdulsalam , Nour Abdulnaser , Endrei Dóra , Boncz Imre
Published: June 2022

Health care organizations (HCO) did not consider engaging patients in balanced scorecard (BSC) implementations to evaluate their performance. This paper aims to develop an instrument to engage patients in assessing BSC perspectives (BSC-PATIENT) and customize it for Palestinian hospitals. Two panels of experts participated in the item generation of BSC-PATIENT. Translation was performed based on guidelines. Pretesting was performed for 30 patients at one hospital. Then, 1000 patients were recruited at 14 hospitals between January and October 2021. Construct validity was tested through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Additionally, the composite reliability (CR), interitem correlation (IIC), and corrected item total correlation (CITC) were assessed to find redundant and low correlated items. As a result, the scales had a highly adequate model fit in the EFA and CFA. The final best fit model in CFA comprised ten constructs with 36 items. In conclusion, BSC-PATIENT is the first self-administered questionnaire specifically developed to engage patients in BSC and will allow future researchers to evaluate the impact of patient experience on attitudes toward BSC perspectives, as well as to compare the differences based on patient and hospital characteristics.
The Effects of Mindfulness-Based Strategies on Perceived Stress and Psychobiosocial States in Athletes and Recreationally Active People
Authors: di Fronso Selenia , Robazza Claudio , Bondár Réka Zsanett , Bertollo Maurizio
Published: June 2022

The mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) programme is gaining increasing attention in sport and physical activity domains. This programme comprises three meditation practices: mindful yoga, body scan, and sitting meditation. In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of a dynamic (mindful yoga) strategy and a static (a combination of body scan/sitting meditation) strategy on participants’ psychobiosocial states (PBS), perceived stress (PS) and mindfulness levels in athletes and recreationally active (RA) people. Thirty-four participants (athletes = 18; RA participants = 16) were assigned to a dynamic intervention strategy, and another 34 (athletes = 19; RA participants = 15) were assigned to the static intervention strategy. Before the intervention, after the intervention and three weeks later, the Italian versions of the PBS scale, the PS scale and the Mindful Attention Awareness scale were administered. RM-(M)ANOVAs revealed that intervention strategies improved functional PBS, reduced PS and enhanced mindfulness levels in both athletes and RA participants after the intervention (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.605). However, improved functional PBS after the intervention (p < 0.001; d = 0.62) and stable PS levels at follow-up (p = 1) were observed mainly in athletes. The findings reinforce the view of the importance of the body as a means to improve emotional and health processes, and support the use of mindfulness strategies in sport to enhance individuals’ well-being.
Impacts of Built Environment on Risk of Women’s Lung Cancer: A Case Study of China
Authors: Xie Hongjie , Shao Rui , Yang Yiping , Cruz Ramio , Zhou Xilin
Published: June 2022

Built environment factors such as air pollution are associated with the risk of respiratory disease, but few studies have carried out profound investigation. We aimed to evaluate the association between the built environment and Chinese women’s lung cancer incidence data from the China Cancer Registry Annual Report 2017, which covered 345,711,600 people and 449 qualified cancer registries in mainland China. The air quality indicator (PM2.5) and other built environment data are obtained from the China Statistical Yearbook and other official approved materials. An exploratory regression tool is applied by using Chinese women’s lung cancer incidence data (Segi population) as the dependent variable, PM2.5 index and other built environment factors as the independent variables. An apparent clustering region with a high incidence of women’s lung cancer was discovered, including regions surrounding Bohai bay and the three Chinese northeastern provinces, Heilongjiang, Liaoning and Inner Mongolia. Besides air quality, built environment factors were found to have a weak but clear impact on lung cancer incidence. Land-use intensity and the greening coverage ratio were positive, and the urbanization rate and population density were negatively correlated with lung cancer incidence. The role of green spaces in Chinese women’s lung cancer incidence has not been proven.
Insulin Resistance and Urolithiasis as a Challenge for a Dietitian
Authors: Lubawy Michalina , Formanowicz Dorota
Published: June 2022

Many obesity and diet-related diseases have been observed in recent years. Insulin resistance (IR), a state of tissue resistance to insulin due to its impaired function, is a common coexisting condition. The most important predisposing factors are excessive visceral fat and chronic low-grade inflammatory response. However, IR’s pathogenesis is not fully understood. Hence, the diagnosis of IR should be carried out carefully because many different diagnostic paths do not always give equivalent results. An additional disease that is often associated with IR is urolithiasis. The common feature of these two conditions is metabolic acidosis and mild inflammation. A patient diagnosed with IR and urolithiasis is a big challenge for a dietitian. It is necessary to check a thorough dietary history, make an appropriate anthropometric measurement, plan a full-fledged diet, and carry out the correct nutritional treatment. It is also essential to conduct proper laboratory diagnostics to plan nutritional treatment, which is often a big challenge for dietitians. The diet’s basic assumptions are based on the appropriate selection of carbohydrates, healthy fats, and wholesome protein sources. It is also essential to properly compose meals, prepare them, and plan physical activities tailored to the abilities. The study aims to summarise the necessary information on IR with concomitant urolithiasis, which may be helpful in dietary practice.
USP37 Deubiquitinates CDC73 in HPT-JT Syndrome
Authors: Kim Su Yeon , Lee Ji-young , Cho Yun-jung , Jo Kwan Hoon , Kim Eun Sook , Han Je Ho , Baek Kwang-Hyun , Moon Sung-dae
Published: June 2022

The CDC73/HRPT2 gene, a defect which causes hyperparathyroidism–jaw tumor (HPT-JT) syndrome, encodes CDC73/parafibromin. We aimed to investigate whether CDC73 would be a target for ubiquitin–proteasome degradation. We cloned full-length cDNAs encoding a family of 58 ubiquitin-specific deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), also known as ubiquitin-specific proteases (USPs). Use of the yeast two-hybrid system then enabled us to identify USP37 as interacting with CDC73. The biochemical interaction between the USP37 and CDC73 and their reciprocal binding domains were studied. Co-localization of CDC73 and USP37 was observed in cells. CDC73 was found to be polyubiquitinated, and polyubiquitination of CDC73 was prominent in mutants. CDC73 was deubiquitinated via K48-specific ubiquitin chains by USP37, but not by the catalytically inactive USP37C350S mutant. Observation of the binding between deletion mutants of CDC73 and USP37 revealed that the β-catenin binding site of CDC73 and the ubiquitin-interacting motifs 2 and 3 (UIM2 and 3) of USP37 were responsible for the interaction between the two proteins. Moreover, these two enzymes co-existed within the nucleus of COS7 cells. We conclude that USP37 is a DUB for CDC73 and that the two proteins interact through specific domains, suggesting that USP37 is responsible for the stability of CDC73 in HPT-JT syndrome.
New Insight into Aspartate Metabolic Pathways in Populus: Linking the Root Responsive Isoenzymes with Amino Acid Biosynthesis during Incompatible Interactions of Fusarium solani
Authors: Han Mei , Xu Xianglei , Li Xue , Xu Mingyue , Hu Mei , Xiong Yuan , Feng Junhu , Wu Hao , Zhu Hui , Su Tao
Published: June 2022

Integrating amino acid metabolic pathways into plant defense and immune systems provides the building block for stress acclimation and host-pathogen interactions. Recent progress in L-aspartate (Asp) and its deployed metabolic pathways highlighted profound roles in plant growth and defense modulation. Nevertheless, much remains unknown concerning the multiple isoenzyme families involved in Asp metabolic pathways in Populus trichocarpa, a model tree species. Here, we present comprehensive features of 11 critical isoenzyme families, representing biological significance in plant development and stress adaptation. The in silico prediction of the molecular and genetic patterns, including phylogenies, genomic structures, and chromosomal distribution, identify 44 putative isoenzymes in the Populus genome. Inspection of the tissue-specific expression demonstrated that approximately 26 isogenes were expressed, predominantly in roots. Based on the transcriptomic atlas in time-course experiments, the dynamic changes of the genes transcript were explored in Populus roots challenged with soil-borne pathogenic Fusarium solani (Fs). Quantitative expression evaluation prompted 12 isoenzyme genes (PtGS2/6, PtGOGAT2/3, PtAspAT2/5/10, PtAS2, PtAspg2, PtAlaAT1, PtAK1, and PtAlaAT4) to show significant induction responding to the Fs infection. Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and non-target metabolomics assay, the concurrent perturbation on levels of Asp-related metabolites led to findings of free amino acids and derivatives (e.g., Glutamate, Asp, Asparagine, Alanine, Proline, and α-/γ-aminobutyric acid), showing marked differences. The multi-omics integration of the responsive isoenzymes and differential amino acids examined facilitates Asp as a cross-talk mediator involved in metabolite biosynthesis and defense regulation. Our research provides theoretical clues for the in-depth unveiling of the defense mechanisms underlying the synergistic effect of fine-tuned Asp pathway enzymes and the linked metabolite flux in Populus.
Structural and Functional Insights into CP2c Transcription Factor Complexes
Authors: Son Seung Han , Kim Min Young , Jo Eunbi , Uversky Vladimir N. , Kim Chul Geun
Published: June 2022

CP2c, also known as TFCP2, α-CP2, LSF, and LBP-1c, is a prototypic member of the transcription factor (TF) CP2 subfamily involved in diverse ubiquitous and tissue/stage-specific cellular processes and in human malignancies including cancer. Despite its importance, many fundamental regulatory mechanisms of CP2c are still unclear. Here, we uncover unprecedented structural and functional aspects of CP2c using DSP crosslinking and Western blot in addition to conventional methods. We found that a monomeric form of a CP2c homotetramer (tCP2c; [C4]) binds to the known CP2c-binding DNA motif (CNRG-N(5~6)-CNRG), whereas a dimeric form of a CP2c, CP2b, and PIAS1 heterohexamer ([C2B2P2]2) binds to the three consecutive CP2c half-sites or two staggered CP2c binding motifs, where the [C4] exerts a pioneering function for recruiting the [C2B2P2]2 to the target. All CP2c exists as a [C4], or as a [C2B2P2]2 or [C2B2P2]4 in the nucleus. Importantly, one additional cytosolic heterotetrameric CP2c and CP2a complex, ([C2A2]), exerts some homeostatic regulation of the nuclear complexes. These data indicate that these findings are essential for the transcriptional regulation of CP2c in cells within relevant timescales, providing clues not only for the transcriptional regulation mechanism by CP2c but also for future therapeutics targeting CP2c function.
The Mechanisms Underlying Salt Resistance Mediated by Exogenous Application of 24-Epibrassinolide in Peanut
Authors: Li Wenjiao , Sun Jie , Zhang Xiaoqian , Ahmad Naveed , Hou Lei , Zhao Chuanzhi , Pan Jiaowen , Tian Ruizheng , Wang Xingjun , Zhao Shuzhen
Published: June 2022

Peanut is one of the most important oil crops in the world, the growth and productivity of which are severely affected by salt stress. 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) plays an important role in stress resistances. However, the roles of exogenous EBL on the salt tolerance of peanut remain unclear. In this study, peanut seedlings treated with 150 mM NaCl and with or without EBL spray were performed to investigate the roles of EBL on salt resistance. Under 150 mM NaCl conditions, foliar application of 0.1 µM EBL increased the activity of catalase and thereby could eliminate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Similarly, EBL application promoted the accumulation of proline and soluble sugar, thus maintaining osmotic balance. Furthermore, foliar EBL spray enhanced the total chlorophyll content and high photosynthesis capacity. Transcriptome analysis showed that under NaCl stress, EBL treatment up-regulated expression levels of genes encoding peroxisomal nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide carrier (PMP34), probable sucrose-phosphate synthase 2 (SPS2) beta-fructofuranosidase (BFRUCT1) and Na+/H+ antiporters (NHX7 and NHX8), while down-regulated proline dehydrogenase 2 (PRODH). These findings provide valuable resources for salt resistance study in peanut and lay the foundation for using BR to enhance salt tolerance during peanut production.