bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The May 10, 1994 earthquake: evidence of a seismic preslip in the northern Chile seismic gap?
Authors: Comte Diana , Pardo Mario
Published: May 2021

Se analiza el hipocentro y el mecanismo focal del terremoto del 10 de mayo de 1994 (mb=5.9). La profundidad y el mecanismo focal es obtenido usando las formas de las ondas P, SV y SH registradas en estaciones de periodo largo ubicadas a distancias telesísmicas. El epicentro fue obtenido mediante una determinación conjunta usando los tiempos de llegada registrados en redes locales y telesísmicas. El 8 de agosto de 1987 ocurrió un evento tensional (mb=6.4) a una profundidad de 76 km; este evento y el evento compresional de 1994 están ambos localizados en el extremo norte del área de ruptura del terremoto de 1877, a aproximadamente 200 km de distancia de la fosa, cercano a la zona de transición de la parte desacoplada de la placa de Nazca en subduccón. Considerando los últimos 32 años de información disponible, la ocurrencia de los terremotos de 1987 y 1994 ha sido inusual. Se sugiere que ambos eventos podrían estar asociados a un pre-deslizamiento sísmico que estaría ocurriendo en la parte más profunda del contacto sismogénico interplaca, en la breca sísmica del norte de Chile, la que podría estar cercana a la etapa final de su ciclo sísmico.
A correlation between visual observations and instrumental records of cloudiness in Mexico
Authors: Tejeda Adalberto , Vargas Alfonso
Published: May 2021

En este trabajo se explora la utilidad climática de las observaciones visuales del estado del cielo a nivel medio mensual, mediante la búsqueda de relaciones estadísticas de alto nivel de ajuste con la heliofanía diaria media mensual medida con el heliógrafo Campbell-Stokes, para 56 puntos de México durante el periodo 1951-1980. Se muestra que el modelo estadístico obtenido para todos los puntos y todos los meses tiene un nivel de ajuste mayor que agrupando los datos por meses, por tipos de climas o por cinturones de latitud. Este modelo es una herramienta útil para estimar las horas promedio mensual de brillo de sol en lugares de México durante sólo se cuente con observaciones de largo periodo del estado del cielo.
Corporate governance in Egypt: The landscape, the research, and future directions
Authors: Abdel-Meguid Ahmed M.
Published: May 2021

Egypt is an emerging economy that has in recent years been exposed to several severe economic, political, and social shocks, all within a relatively short period of time. This has amplified the importance of the rule of law, regulatory enforcement, and corporate governance best practices, in order to restore the investing public’s confidence in the Egyptian market. Historically, the focus on corporate governance had preceded these recent events. Building on this history, today’s corporate governance landscape in Egypt is much more robust with more effective regulators, clearer streamlined governing rules, and better corporate governance literacy. This paper identifies four main areas of corporate governance research in Egypt: firm performance, reporting quality, corporate responsibility, and auditing. While extensive research has already been conducted in these areas, the paper provides some recommendations for further enhancing its quality. These pertain mainly to the development of comprehensive corporate governance databases, the increased focus on emerging and current market-relevant aspects of corporate governance, and the release of more proprietary data by regulators.
Optimization of E. coli Tip-Sonication for High-Yield Cell Free Extract using Finite Element Modeling
Authors: Ferdous Md Sakib , Dopp Jared , Reuel Nigel
Published: May 2021

Optimal tip sonication settings, namely tip position, input power, and
pulse durations, are necessary for temperature sensitive procedures like
preparation of viable cell extract. In this paper, the optimum tip
immersion depth (20-30% height below the liquid surface) is estimated
which ensures maximum mixing thereby enhancing thermal dissipation of
local cavitation hotspots. A finite element (FE) heat transfer model is
presented, validated experimentally with (R2 > 97%) and
used to observe the effect of temperature rise on cell extract
performance of E. coli BL21 DE3 star strain and estimate the temperature
threshold. Relative yields in the top 10% are observed for solution
temperatures maintained below 32°C; this reduces below 50% relative
yield at temperatures above 47°C. A generalized workflow for direct
simulation using the COMSOL code as well as master plots for estimation
of sonication parameters (power input and pulse settings) is also
presented.
Comparison of Intravenous and Non-Intravenous Antibiotic Regimens in Eradication of P. aeruginosa and MRSA in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Mursaloglu Huseyin Hakan , Akin Can , Yegit Cansu Yılmaz , Ergenekon Almala , Uzunoglu Burcu , Tastan Gamze , Gokdemir Yasemin , Eralp Ela Erdem , Karahasan Aysegul , Karakoc Fazilet , Karadag Bulent
Published: May 2021

Background: Chronic pulmonary infection is the leading cause of
mortality and morbidity in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The most
common pathogens isolated in CF are Staphylococcus aureus and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Chronic infection of P.
aeruginosa and MRSA are associated with worse survival and antibiotic
eradication treatment is recommended for both. This study evaluates the
efficacy of intravenous (IV) vs. non-IV antibiotics in the eradication
of P. aeruginosa and MRSA. Methods: This was a single-center
retrospective study at a large CF center. All respiratory specimen
cultures of 309 CF patients and eradication regimens between 2015-2019
were reviewed. The primary analysis was the comparison of the percentage
of successful eradication after receiving IV and non-IV eradication
regimens. Demographic and clinical risk factors for eradication failure
were also analyzed. Results: 102 patients with P. aeruginosa isolations
and 48 patients with MRSA were analyzed. At one year, 21.6% in P.
aeruginosa group and 35.4% in MRSA group were successfully eradicated.
There was not any statistically significant difference between IV vs.
non-IV antibiotic regimens on eradication in either group. Additionally,
none of the clinical risk factors was significantly associated with
eradication failure in P. aeruginosa and MRSA groups. Conclusion: In the
eradication of P. aeruginosa and MRSA, IV and non-IV treatment regimens
did not show any superiority to one another. Non-parenteral eradication
could be a better option in eradication considering the
cost-effectiveness and the treatment burden of IV treatments due to
hospitalization and the need for IV access.
Spatial covariance reverses the compound effect of multiple stressors on rocky shore biofilm
Authors: Rindi Luca , HE JIANYU , Benedetti-Cecchi Lisandro
Published: May 2021

Understanding how multifactorial fluctuating environments affect species
and communities remains one of the major challenges in ecology. Here, we
use field experiments and simulations to assess the influence of
nonlinear effects and spatial covariation of two important climate
variables – warming and sediment deposition – on the biomass and
photosynthetic activity of rocky intertidal biofilm. Simulations
stemming from an experimentally derived response surface showed how the
degree and direction of spatial covariation between warming and sediment
deposition ultimately determined the nonlinear response of biofilm
biomass (but not photosynthetic activity) to fluctuating levels of the
two climate variables. Experimental results corroborated these
predictions, probing the buffering effect of negative spatial
covariation against extreme levels of warming and sediment deposition.
Together, these results indicate that consideration of local-scale
patterns of covariation between climate drivers can improve our
understanding and ability to predict ecological responses to ongoing and
future changes in Earth’s climate.
MASSIVE GENETIC INTROGRESSION AMONG ACONITUM (RANUNCULACEAE) SPECIES IN A MOUNTAIN HYBRID ZONE
Authors: Sutkowska Agnieszka , Boroń Piotr , Warzecha Tomasz , Mitka Józef
Published: May 2021

HHybridization in Aconitum is a widespread phenomenon. However, the
introgression between the diploid and tetraploid species is rare. We
studied species of different ploidy in a mountain hybrid zone in the
Tatra Mts (West Carpathians). In this paper, we aimed to identify the
extent of introgressive hybridization using PCR-ISSR fingerprinting and
chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequencing. The diploid and tetraploid species
had different cpDNA haplotypes, and the triploid hybrid was stabilized
on the tetraploid level. ISSR markers showed the locally pervasive
introgression, but genetic introgressants were not morphologically
changed. Principal Coordinates Analysis, NeighborNet clustering, and
Bayesian inference showed close genetic links between individuals in the
same population but populations were significantly genetically
differentiated (FST = 0.129, p < 0.001). A genetic model of
introgression via the triploid bridge was proposed. Genetic
introgression does not seemingly pose a threat to species taxonomic
identity. The genetic differences between the same species in different
populations advocate for a web-of-life than a biological species
concept. Genetic introgressants in the isolated mountain populations
make each of them genetically unique.
Lower surgical Apgar score is predictive on delirium in patients following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Yin Liang , Zhu Zhen , Bao Feichao , Min Jie , Zhang Yufeng , Shen Yi , Wang Yanqing
Published: May 2021

Objective To determine the predictive value of surgical Apgar score on
delirium postoperatively following OPCABG. Method Intraoperative
anesthesia data of patients underwent OPCABG during the period of
January 2012 and December 2019 were reviewed and SAS score of each
patient was calculated. Relationship between SAS score and postoperative
occurrence of delirium were analyzed to determine the underlying
mechanism. Results There are a total of 436 patients included with a
mean age of 62.8±13.8 and 61.2±16.8 in each group. Patients in Delirium
group had significantly higher incidence of heart failure (P=0.043)
preoperatively in the Delirium group. No significant difference was
observed referring to ASA PS III (P=0.102) and no significant difference
was observed in duration of the surgery and anesthesia. Also no
significant differences was observed as to dexmedetomidine and propofol
use (P=0.256, P=0.278). The mean SAS score was in 4.2±0.8, 7.8±1.2 in
two groups respectively (P＜0.001) and 96(22.02%) postoperative
delirium events were recorded. Patients in Delirium group had much more
EBL (P＜0.001) while LHR (P=102) showed no significant statistical
difference between two groups. Univariate and multivariate regression
analysis showed that the intraoperative SAS score was significant
predictors of delirium following OPCABG (P＜0.001; P＜0.001). After
adjustment for other clinical predictors, the addition of SAS also
improved and the area under the curve to predict delirium was 0.934
(95%CI, 0.907-0.960, P＜0.001). Conclusions Intraoperative SAS score is
associated with postoperatively following OPCABG and SAS score may be a
valuable component to improve preoperative risk stratification of
delirium among patient under OPCABG.
Statistical optimization of bioethanol production from waste bread hydrolysate
Authors: Mihajlovski Katarina , Milic Marija , Pecarski Danijela , Dimitrijevic-Brankovic Suzana
Published: May 2021

A recent trend in sustainable bioethanol production is the use of agricultural waste or food waste as an inexpensive and the most available feedstock. Bread waste is the major food waste that could be successfully used for the production of bioethanol. The aim of this study was to optimize ethanol production by the response surface methodology (RSM) using waste bread hydrolysate. Waste bread hydrolysate was obtained using crude hydrolytic enzymes that produce bacterial isolate Hymenobacter sp. CKS3. The influence of time of fermentation (24?72 h) and waste brewer?s yeast inoculum (1?4 %) on ethanol production was studied. The optimal conditions, obtained by central composite design (CCD), were 48.6 h of fermentation and 2.85 % of inoculum. Under these conditions, a maximum of 2.06 % of ethanol concentration was reached. The obtained ethanol concentration was in good correlation, coefficient of 0.858, with yeast cell yield. The results obtained in this study imply that waste bread hydrolysate could be used as a biomass source for biofuel production with multiple benefits relating to environmental protection, reduction of production costs, and saving fossil fuels.
Viruses as potential nanomachines
Authors: Jokanovic Vukoman , Zivkovic Marija , Zivkovic Slavoljub
Published: May 2021

In this paper viruses are considered as very efficient nano-machines that
produce numerous copies of them. Observing these nano-architectures, the
question arises: which molecular forces and processes make up the set of
such structures, given that they are extremely inspiring for development of
new technologies at the nano level. There is a need for deep understanding
of individual molecular building blocks and their structures, properties of
their assemblies and dynamic behavior.
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention in a patient with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the opposite sinus of Valsalva and left main coronary artery occlusion
Authors: Cankovic Milenko , Canji Tibor , Debeljacki Dragan , Komazec Nikola , Petrovic Milovan , Velicki Lazar
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Congenital coronary anomalies are detected in about 5% of all performed coronarographies. Coronary artery (CA) anomalies (CAA), considered to be of great risk, are the ones where the CA arises from the opposite sinus (anomalous origination of CA from opposite sinus, ACA-OS) of Valsalva. These anomalies are detected in about 1% of cases. This report shows a unique case of a patient with anterior wall ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) caused by left main CA (LMCA) occlusion, which arose from the right coronary cusp and had an interarterial course, successfully treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Case report. A 46-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to STEMI of the anterior region. On admission, the patient was hypertensive (150/100 mmHg) in sinus rhythm (heart rate 70/min), Killip I. After the initial examination and admitting dual antiplatelet therapy, the patient underwent urgent coronarography. Coronarography was performed using the transradial approach. The right CA had no significant stenosis and was easily cannulated, whereas the left CA could not be cannulated at the usual position. Attempts to cannulate the left CA with multiple catheters of various curves were unsuccessful. The conclusion was that there was a CA anomaly, and the cannulation of the anomalous left CA, which arose from the opposite (right) coronary cusp (anomalous aortic origin of the left CA, AAOLCA), was successfully performed with a Multipurpose catheter. Moreover, the LMCA was occluded in the distal segment. Two drug-eluting stents (DES) were implanted, but the patient developed the no-reflow phenomenon and cardiogenic shock. After the patient was stabilized, computed tomography (CT) coronarography was performed, and AAOLCA with an interarterial course was registered. During the follow-up period, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was per-formed, and in the staged procedure, a stent was implanted into the proximal circumflex artery using the T and protrusion (TAP) technique. Conclusion. Patients with STEMI and the anomalies of CAs are very rare. As such, these patients represent a great challenge for revascularization. Possessing the knowledge of anatomic varieties is paramount when it comes to these patients to treat them adequately with primary PCI.
Habits, attitudes, and behavior of refugees and migrants in Serbia concerning oral health
Authors: Mandinic Zoran , Prokic Aleksandra , Ivanovic Mirjana , Jovanovic Svetlana , Jovicic Olivera , Beloica Milos
Published: May 2021

Background/Aim. Open pelvic fractures are devastating, rare injuries with high mortality. Leading causes of mortality are the following: hemorrhage, infection, and associated injuries. The aim of this study was to point out methods of treating these injuries and a great number of prognostic mortality factors. Methods. In the period from January 2011 to December 2015, 221 patients with pelvis ring fractures were treated at three large clinical centers in Serbia, of which 13 (5%) patients had an open fracture type. We have classified pelvic ring fractures according to the Young-Burgess classification. We have classified injuries according to Gustilo at I, II, and III degrees, and the location of the wound according to Faringer classification was distributed in zone I, II, and III. Urogenital and intra-abdominal injuries were monitored, and the severity of injuries was determined according to Severity Score Injury (ISS) and Trauma Score (TS). Results. There were 6 (46%) women and 7 (54%) men with an average age of 41 year (13?76). Injuries from traffic trauma were dominant. The most common causes of pelvic ring fracture were anteroposterior compression ? 6 (46%), lateral compression ? 4 (31%), and vertical force in 3 (23%) patients. Dominant injuries were types I and II according to Gustilo and zone I according to the Faringer classification. There were 6 (46%) patients with urogenital injuries and the same number with intra-abdominal injuries, of which 3 (23%) patients had been treated with colon resection and diversion. Due to abundant hemorrhage and hypovolemic shock, two patients died, and another one died after three days due to sepsis and multisystem organ failure. Conclusion. Open pelvic fractures have a high mortality rate due to: hemorrhage, infection, associated abdominal and genitourinary tract injuries, ISS > 25, TS < 8, and the age of patients > 65 years.
Cost-Effectiveness of a Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support Intervention Led by Community Health Workers and Peer Leaders: Projections From the Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health Detroit Trial
Authors: Ye Wen , Kuo Shihchen , Kieffer Edith C. , Piatt Gretchen , Sinco Brandy , Palmisano Gloria , Spencer Michael S. , Herman William H.
Published: May 2021

Objective: To simulate the long-term cost-effectiveness of
a peer-leader (PL)-led diabetes self-management support (DSMS) program following a structured community
health worker (CHW)-led diabetes self-management education (DSME) program, in reducing risks of complications
in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Research Design and
Methods: The trial randomized 222 Latino adults with
T2DM to 1) enhanced usual care
(EUC), 2) a CHW-led, 6-month DSME program and 6 months of CHW delivered monthly
telephone outreach (CHW-only), or 3) a CHW-led, 6-month DSME program and 12
months of PLs-delivered weekly group sessions with telephone outreach to those
unable to attend (CHW+PL). Empirical data from the
trial and the validated Michigan Model for Diabetes were used to estimate cost
and health outcomes over a 20-year time horizon from a healthcare sector
perspective, discounting both costs and benefits at 3% annually. The primary
outcome measure was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER).

Results: Over 20 years, the CHW+PL intervention had an ICER of $28,800 and $5,900 per
quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained compared to the EUC and CHW-only interventions,
respectively. The CHW-only intervention had an ICER of $430,600 per QALY gained
compared to the EUC intervention. In sensitivity analyses, the results comparing
the CHW+PL to EUC and CHW-only interventions were robust to changes in
intervention effects and costs.

Conclusions: The CHW+PL-led DSME/DSMS intervention
improved health and provided good value compared to the EUC intervention. The 6-month CHW-led DSME intervention without
further post-intervention CHW support was
not cost-effective in Latino adults with T2DM.
Rancang Bangun Alat Monitoring Ketidakseimbangan Beban Transformator Distribusi Berbasis Internet of Things
Authors: Zebua Osea , Komalasari Endah , Alam Syaiful , Aldiansyah Aldiansyah
Published: May 2021

Intisari — Kerusakan transformator distribusi sering disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan beban, sehingga monitoring ketidakseimbangan beban transfornator distribusi perlu dilakukan. Letak dan lokasi transformator distribusi yang jauh dan tersebar mengharuskan monitoring harus dilakukan dari jarak jauh. Teknologi internet of things (IoT) dan komunikasi tanpa kabel mendukung monitoring dari jarak jauh. Makalah ini menyajikan perancangan dan pembuatan alat monitoring ketidakseimbangan beban transformator distribusi menggunakan teknologi IoT. Mikrokontroler Arduino digunakan untuk memproses data tegangan dan arus dari sensor, menghitung indikator ketidakseimbangan beban dan mengirim data hasil proses ke jaringan internet menggunakan Ethernet shield dan router yang diperlengkapi dengan modem. Thingspeak digunakan sebagai platform IoT. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa peralatan monitoring mampu bekerja dengan baik sehingga kondisi ketidakseimbangan beban transformator distribusi dapat dimonitor secara online dari jarak jauh menggunakan perangkat yang terhubung ke jaringan internet.

Kata kunci — Monitoring, Ketidakseimbangan Beban, Transformator Distribusi, Internet of things.

 

 

Abstract — Damage to the distribution transformer is often caused by unbalanced load, so it is necessary to monitor the unbalanced load condition of the distribution transformer. The remote and dispersed location of distribution transformers requires remote monitoring. Internet of things (IoT) technology and wireless communication support remote monitoring. This paper presents the design and manufacture of distribution transformer unbalanced load monitoring tools using IoT technology. The Arduino microcontroller is used to process voltage and current data from sensors, calculate unbalanced load indicators and send process data to the internet network using an Ethernet shield and a router equipped with a modem. Thingspeak is used as an IoT platform. The test results show that the monitoring equipment can work properly so that the distribution transformer unbalanced load conditions can be monitored online remotely using a device connected to the internet network.

Keywords— Monitoring, Unbalanced Load, Distribution Transformer, Internet of Things.
Simulation and Modeling Time Response of Double Carrier Avalanche Photodiodes
Authors: Fitriawan Helmy
Published: May 2021

Avalanche photodiodes (APDs) is a particularly sensitive semiconductor device that employs the photoelectric effect to convert light into electricity. APDs can be used in some typical applications, i.e. imaging, optical fiber communications, range finding, laser scanners and laser microscopy. In APDs, avalanche multiplication occurred due to impact ionization when the devices operating at high electric fields. Unfortunately, avalanche multiplication decreases the time response of APDs. The time response of an APD can be characterized by its current response which is represented by the mean current as a function of time. This paper discusses a method to estimate the time response of double-carrier multiplication avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The model, called The Random Path Length (RPL), generates random path length for a carrier to impact ionize and takes account of dead space distance into the calculation. Dead space distance is the minimum distance to travel by a carrier to gain the adequate energy to start first ionization. The RPL is applied into an ideal structure which is assumed has a dimensionless multiplication length, w = 1.0, with electrons and holes moving in constant speeds, ve = vh = v, for various dead spaces distances, d*. In this research, a computer code is generated to compute the mean impulse response, i(t), and the standard deviation, s(t), of APDs all as a function of time.
Distributed Control with Web-based 3D Visualization using Kinematics Analysis for IoRT
Authors: T M Kadarina Z Iklima,
Published: May 2021

The use of graphical user interface in web platform has been increasing in the recent decades. The concept of Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT) integrates heterogenous intelligent devices into a distributed architecture of platforms. This research is conducted to deliver proof of concept of distributed control of 2 DOF robot manipulator with web-based 3D visualization. The 3D modeling was developed using Three.js and the WebGL library. Synchronization was made using WebSocket communication on TCP network layer. This protocol allowed 3D mesh data broadcasted from web interface to manipulator with average response 7.86 ms. Moreover, using Denavit-Hartenberg convention, kinematic model facilitates the convention of end-effector position data into angular form and vice versa. The error percentage at a joint 1 is 4% and joint 2 of 2.96%. The error occurs because of the characteristic of inverse function called singularity in which the application value in each joint has the input values of and respectively to get the end-effector position on the 2 DoF Manipulator Robot.
Brain-Based Learning: The Impact on Student’s Higher Order Thinking Skills and Motivation
Authors: Permana Ardian Agus , Kartika Ika
Published: May 2021

The research objectives are to determine the effects of the Brain-based Learning (BBL) approach on students' higher-order thinking skills and student motivation to learn physics. This research used the quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design. The sample of this research consisted of two tenth-grade science classes chosen by simple random sampling technique. This research population was all tenth-grade students of a senior high school in Yogyakarta. The data were obtained by test and non-test techniques. The result shows that BBL approach affects on the students' higher-order thinking skills (sig. 2-tailed = 0,003 <α = 0.05). Further, it also improves students' higher-order thinking skills represented by the N-Gain value (experimental class N-Gain = 0.40 > control class N-Gain = 0.21). On the other hand, not only on student's higher-order thinking skills, BBL approach bring the significant effect on students’ motivation in learning physics (sig. 2-tailed = 0,000 <α = 0.05) as well as could improve it (experimental class N-Gain = 0.55 > control class N-Gain = 0.04). It means that the BBL approach could improve higher-order thinking skills and students' motivation more effectively than the traditional approach
Shared routes of mammalian kinship: Race and migration in Long Island whaling diasporas
Authors: Guerin Ayasha
Published: May 2021

In this paper, I bring together the historiography of Indigenous shore whaling on Long Island with narratives of Black diaspora and whale studies to discuss shared routes of migration in the 17th-19th centuries and shared fates under colonial capitalism. Demonstrating how the extractive conquests of colonial settlers shaped the exploitative treatment of whales and the movements of social groups who lived in dependence to them, I build on Black feminists’ theoretical work and methodologies to look for interspecies, trans-oceanic navigations of survival. In doing so, I demonstrate how intimate relations between whales and whalers were shaped by processes of colonization, coastal displacement, and by conditions of indebtedness, enslavement, and fugitivity. I argue the importance of recognizing whales as mammalian kin, caught in the same net of colonial capitalist settlement and resource extraction as their hunters. Finally, inspired by the metaphor of echolocation, a method of listening which helps whales to navigate oceans, I suggest that we might listen for the socio-ecological reverberations of historic whaling diasporas to learn from emergent strategies of survival.
A arte nas escolas-parque de Brasília: concepções do trabalho pedagógico
Authors: Lira Silva dos Santos de Vasconcelos Rafaella , Dittrich Wiggers Ingrid
Published: May 2021

O artigo objetiva conhecer as concepções do ensino de arte que permeiam o trabalho pedagógico das escolas-parque de Brasília. Por meio de revisão sistemática na produção acadêmica nacional em forma de teses, dissertações, livros e capítulos de livros, foram identificados 18 estudos entre o ano de fundação da primeira escola-parque de Brasília, 1960, e o ano de 2017. Para auxiliar a análise desses estudos, o artigo se baseia em textos de John Dewey e Anísio Teixeira, tendo em vista que seus pensamentos constituíram a gênese das escolas-parque. Na análise, foi possível perceber três concepções do ensino de arte: a) como referência de uma nova perspectiva pedagógica para a educação nacional; b) como elemento entrelaçador de culturas e construtor de uma identidade para a cidade de Brasília; e c) como mediador de autoexpressão, liberdade, resistência e emancipação.
Dimensions and components of quality in in-service training in the army of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors: Tabatabaei Seyed Rahman , Jafari Parivash , Jamali Akhtar
Published: May 2021

This research is of descriptive-survey type. In terms of paradigm, it is pragmatism, in terms of approach is qualitative with the theme analysis strategy and in terms of purpose is practical. The data of this study were collected through semi-structured interviews with 13 experts and commanders in late 2020. The statistical population of this research was all experts, commanders and employees of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the field of education. In this research, to determine the dimensions and components of quality of in-service training, the opinions of experts and commanders related to this field were used. 6 dimensions and components were identified, respectively the dimensions of the program - content, approaches and methods of training, training space, facilities and Training equipment, schedule, transfer of training - implementation of the learned.
Towards Deliberative Ideals with Informality: A Practical Study of Rural Planning in Indonesia
Authors: TAUFIQ Muhammad , SUHIRMAN Suhirman , SOFHANI Tubagus Furqon , KOMBAITAN Benedictus
Published: May 2021

This article focuses on a specific discussion regarding how rural planning in Indonesia can provide an understanding of deliberative planning practice. It contributes to the literature related to deliberative planning in a non-western rural context. Primary data were collected from interviews with 23 respondents in Pematang Tengah village, Indonesia. Secondary data, consisting of scientific literature, research reports, and internet sources, were used, as well. Observations were conducted to reveal the way development projects are practically proposed in hamlet and village forums. Different stages of the process were identified and it was concluded that two deliberative mechanisms were used, more precisely directed deliberation and disjointed deliberation. Directed deliberation is an open dialogue that is overseen by all stakeholders. Alternatively, disjointed deliberation is conducted in a separate, informal arena and it is initiated by the local elites. The findings show that the disjointed deliberation in the informal arena can disturb the deliberative ideals, but it can also help to make the formal deliberation successful and fulfil the deliberative ideals.
“Built to Last”. Defining Identity by the Statues of Chernivtsi
Authors: PURICI Ștefan , MARECI SABOL Harieta
Published: May 2021

The statues of the city of Czernowitz/Cernăuți/Chernovtsy/Chernivtsi – the capital of the historical province of Bukovina – are a generous subject of study given that the repeated changes of power (Austrian, Romanian, Soviet, and Ukrainian) have brought with them the transformation of the politics of memory and identity. Each of these political regimes that the city went through wanted to prove the legitimacy of owning this territory. Our paper aims to illustrate how the cultural landscape was shaped and remodelled according to the loyalty, creed, sympathies and political or ideological ambitions of successive regimes in the provincial capital of Bukovina. Starting from narrative-historical sources, it examines the sensory commitment of local authorities to the urban environment concerning the changing political realities and how the denial or removal of symbols of the former administrations is equivalent to assuming a new identity. In particular, it presents the intervention of the political factor and its role in shaping the recollection of the city’s main squares. Finally, our findings show that the monuments in the urban landscape have the potential of identity markers, which transform memory – despite its ephemeral and fluid character – into a continuous present.
Silver Tourism and Recreational Activities as Possible Factors to Support Active Ageing and the Resilience of the Tourism Sector
Authors: TALOŞ Ana-Maria , LEQUEUX-DINCĂ Ana-Irina , PREDA Mihaela , SURUGIU Camelia , MARECI Alina , VIJULIE Iuliana
Published: May 2021

"Population ageing, affecting both developed and developing countries nowadays, poses new challenges but also represents an opportunity for socio-economic systems in general, and in particular for tourism and recreation. In the light of the recently designed EU silver economy policies, active ageing shapes itself to be an attractive opportunity for the European leisure market. Seriously affected by the COVID-19 health crisis, the tourism sector’s resilience depends on the hospitality industry’s capacity to adapt, innovate, and respond to society’s new demographic challenges. Consequently, new types and forms of tourism and new service technologies should be implemented having in mind an ageing population. This paper used as the main research tool a survey on Bucharest residents aged 65 and over, aiming to identify their main preferences and limitations regarding recreational activities and leisure tourism. The main results identify similarities and differences to findings on European silver tourists and could be further valued by better adapted holiday packages and tourism marketing strategies for Romania. The present research emphasised differences in senior travel preferences and a possible segmentation of silver tourists in Romania (e.g. based on their income, education level), highly suggesting that the elderly’s needs have to be addressed by tailor-made products.

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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors in Indole Derivative Treated Mice: Neuropharmacological Perspectives
Authors: Andreeva-Gateva P. , Tchekalarova J. , Kamenova K. , Strokova-Stoilova M. , Chakar S. , Hadjiolova R. , Angelova V. T. , Surcheva Sl.
Published: May 2021

Aim/objective. When applied in pharmacological doses, the indole derivative melatonin exhibits neuroactive and neuroprotective effects. Indoles and their metabolites, such as kynurenine, are ligands of aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR). This study aimed to evaluate the antiepileptic and analgesic activity of melatonin and two synthetic melatonin derivatives. The possible involvement of AhR and kynurenine in their neuropharmacological effects were also tested.

Methods. The tested substances were: melatonin, two melatonin derivatives bearing aryl hydrocarbon moiety with either furyl or thienyl substitute (3e and 3f), and alpha naphthoflavone (ANF), an antagonist of AhR. After intraperitoneal injection of 30, 100, or 300 mg/kg of the tested agents for seven days, male mice ICR (25-30 g) were subjected to a corneal kindling seizure model. Two tests for analgesia, i.e., the hot plate test and the formalin test, were also applied. AhR and kynurenine concentrations were evaluated in brain homogenates.

Results. Substances 3e and 3f demonstrated an antiepileptic activity comparable to that of melatonin. Some analgesic activity was also shown, albeit lower than that of melatonin in equivalent doses. For melatonin and 3f treated mice, dose-dependent increases in AhR and kynurenine levels in brain homogenates were recorded. The antagonist ANF neither blocks the antiseizure activity of the tested indoles, nor demonstrated analgesic activity.

Conclusion. Melatonin and the two tested melatonin-aroylhydrazone derivatives bearing either furyl or thienyl substitute exhibit antiepileptic and analgesic activity. Our results did not support the involvement of AhR in the demonstrated neurobiological activity. Further studies are needed to elucidate their exact molecular mechanisms.
Age-Related Dynamics in Post-Vaccine Antibody Immune Response to Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoid in Bulgarian Subjects
Authors: Lesichkova S. , Mihailova S. , Mihaylova A. , Gesheva N. , Yankova P. , Naumova E.
Published: May 2021

In this study, we investigated the age-related dynamics in post-vaccine humoral immunity to diphtheria (DT) and tetanus (TT) toxoids in the Bulgarian population. In addition, we attempted to correlate the titers of specific antibodies with the predisposition to more common infectious pathology among our study participants. The 208 individuals tested were divided into five age groups: 0-4, 4-6, 6-12, 12-17 and 17-66 years, based on the vaccines received according to the immunization schedule in Bulgaria. Vaccine response was determined by measuring the concentrations of specific IgG antibodies using commercial ELISA kits. Sufficient protective levels of diphtheria (> 0.1 IU/mL) and tetanus (> 0.15 IU/mL) antitoxin were detected in 63.5% and 85.1% of all subjects, respectively. The highest rates of protection against both TT (94.3%) and DT (79.2%) were observed in the youngest age group (0-4 years). We also observed a relatively high rate of insufficient protection (< 0.1 IU/ml) against diphtheria (36% of individuals tested across all age groups) in comparison to tetanus (14.9% of all subjects). The rate of insufficient protection against both antigens was higher among children with frequent infections. Moreover, 77.1% of the individuals having low antibody titers against the highly immunogenic tetanus toxoid, also had low levels of diphtheria antibodies. The level of seroprotection is better for tetanus than for diphtheria toxoid at any age. In conclusion, our data provide information on the level of immunity to diphtheria and tetanus among vaccinated individuals in Bulgaria and allows for the identification of persons suspected of having an immune deficiency. Additional investigations are needed in order to provide reliable recommendations for the national vaccine program and personalized vaccinations.
Frequency of Pelvic Lymphatic Metastases in Patients with Cervical Cancer – A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chupryna E. , Ganovska A. , Kovachev S. , Gytsova S. , Stoicheva A.
Published: May 2021

Introduction and objective: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of pelvic lymph metastases in cervical cancer, depending on the biology of the tumor and the new changes in the staging.

Material and methods: A retrospective database analysis involving 85 patients with cervical carcinoma for a 5-year period was performed. Various factors were analyzed for the purpose of the study.

Results: In 20% of our patients lymph metastases were found with more frequent locus in the right lymph chains. The average number of metastases was equal to or greater than 2. Moderately differentiated cervical carcinomas metastasized most commonly. The most frequent were metastases in squamous cell carcinoma and in Stage 2B under the TNM classification. After changes in FIGO’s classification the presence of positive lymph nodes defined the disease as III stage.

Conclusion: Our study confirms that cervical carcinoma metastasizes in the pelvic lymph nodes before it reaches the para-aortic lymph nodes.
The authorship of the Second Military Survey of Galicia and Austrian Silesia at the scale 1:28,800 and the consistency of sheet content based on selected examples
Authors: Ostafin Krzysztof , Kaim Dominik , Troll Mateusz , Maciejowski Wojciech
Published: May 2021

The aim of this article is to expand the understanding of the history of cartography of the lands of southern Poland under Austrian rule in the nineteenth century. The Austrian Second Military Survey, at the scale 1:28,800, was produced for the province of Galicia between 1861 and 1864 and for Austrian Silesia between 1838 and 1841. In Galicia, work on 413 sheets was led by thirteen cartographers, and the content and descriptions were prepared by 106 cartographic technicians. On the 42 sheets of the Silesia maps, two directors and 11 technicians were recorded. The military cartographers who prepared the survey of the two provinces belonged to 71 multinational units of the army of the Austrian Empire. Work with nineteenth-century maps is fraught with uncertainty about the consistency of the series, which may be reflected in the content of the maps. The consistency of map content was tested on sheets covering the Polish Carpathians for two types of features: linear (roads) and area (forests). Expanding the understanding of these maps may contribute to reducing uncertainty in their use for various environmental and socio-economic analyses.
Development of alternative forms of financing for projects using digital technologies
Authors: Savaley Victor
Published: May 2021

Потребность бизнеса в таких альтернативных формах финансирования, как проект-ное финансирование и краудфандинг, способствует активному развитию цифровых технологий. Цель статьи – определение особенностей проектного финансирования и краудфандинга, оценка состояния и перспектив применения краудфандинговых технологий в инвестиционной практике отечественного бизнеса. Рассмотрены сущность и особенности использования инструментов гибридного финансирования ин- вестиционных проектов. Раскрыты возможности и ограничения в применении бизнесом таких инструментов, как эмиссия конвертируемых облигаций и варрантов на акции, мезонинное кредитование, венчурное финансирование. Особое внимание уделено классификации общих и отличительных характеристик таких видов гибридного финансирования, как проектное и краудфандинговое финансирование. Представлены основные отличия применяемых в настоящее время краудфандинго- вых технологий: краудлендинга, краудинвестинга и традиционного краудфандинга. На основе статистики краудфандинговых сделок в России и в мире в период 2017–2019 гг. сделан вывод о существенном отставании отечественного рынка от миро- вых тенденций. Выявлены главные причины, тормозящие широкое применение краудфандингового финансирования в российской практике: низкий уровень финансовой грамотности и осведомленности бизнеса и населения об альтернативных инструментах финансирования, высокий уровень недоверия к бесконтактным способам инвестирования. Показана заинтересованность банковского сектора в технологиях краудфинансирования, что существенно может расширить возможности для инвестиционного сотрудничества кредитных организаций с малым и средним бизнесом при условии создания необходимой нормативно-правовой защищенности инвесторов и заемщиков. Раскрыты основные функции Банка России в области ре- гулирования деятельности цифровых инвестиционных платформ, предусмотренные недавно принятым федеральным законом № 259-ФЗ. Сформулированы предложения по совершенствованию нормативно-правовой базы применения краудфандинговых технологий с упором на поддержку инновационных проектов. Ключевые слова и словосочетания: гибридное финансирование, проектное финансирование, краудфандинг, инвестиционная платформа, инвестиционный проект.
The specifics of using the social network TikTok as a tool for forming the image of the territory of Primorsky region
Authors: Gomilevskaya Galina , Korostyleva Anastasia
Published: May 2021

В статье исследован процесс формирования имиджа территории Приморского края посредством использования социальных сетей, в том числе платформы TikTok. Цель работы заключается в разработке стратегии формирования имиджа региона с помощью аккаунта «Visit Primorye» на платформе TikTok. Методическую основу работы составили методы сравнения и синтеза, классификации собранных данных. Из информационных источников были использованы статистические данные, учебные пособия, материалы конференций, статьи и данные сети Интернет, в том числе, официальных сайтов Федерального агентства по туризму и Всемирной туристской организации. Исследованы понятие, сущность, технологии создания имиджа территории; выявлены особенности использования социальных сетей как инструмента формирования имиджа; проанализирован туристский имидж территории Российской Федерации; разработана концепция формирования и поддержания имиджа Приморского края с помощью социальной сети TikTok; определены тенденции развития отрасли брендинга территорий. Научная новизна исследования заключается в разработке авторской модели формирования имиджа территории Приморского края через социальную сеть TikTok. Практическая часть работы представлена исследованием особенностей развития отрасли брендинга территорий, разработкой концепции формирования и поддержания имиджа Приморского края с помощью социальной сети TikTok и программы по работе над развитием официального аккаунта Приморского края в TikTok «Visit.Primorye». Ключевые слова и словосочетания: туристский имидж, имидж территории, социальные сети, геобрендинг, позиционирование туристской территории.
Improving approximate solutions of the Ising model using many-particle spin correlations
Authors: Semkin Sergei , Smagin Viktor
Published: May 2021

Для теоретического анализа фазовых переходов в магнитных системах часто используется модель Изинга. Эта модель может служить точным описанием реальных систем. Кроме того, принцип универсальности позволяет распространить многие результаты, полученные для простых решеточных моделей Изинга и на более сложные системы. Однако точных решений для модели Изинга, практически нет. Фактически, единственным точным решением является решение Онзагера для квадратной решетки. Существуют, конечно, и приближенные методы решения, но они обладают принципиальными недостатками, а именно: приближенные методы дают завышенные оценки температуры Кюри и неправильно описывают особенности поведения системы вблизи точки фазового перехода. В настоящей работе показано, что существуют пути улучшения фактически любых приближенных методов. С помощью усреднения по обменным полям можно (в некоторых случаях) найти связь между спонтанной намагниченностью и средними произведениями трех и более соседних спинов. Используя эти связи, можно построить алгоритм улучшения приближенных решений. В работе найдены выражения для средних значений произведений трех соседних спинов в модели Изинга на решетках с координационными числами 3 и 4 как функции температуры и спонтанной намагниченности. С помощью этих выражений точное решение для модели Изинга на квадратной решетке сопоставляются с решениями, найденными приближенными методами. Предложен способ улучшения приближенных методов, применимый, в частности, к приближению Бете и приводящий к более точным значениям критической температуры и к изменению критического показателя температурной зависимости спонтанной намагниченности. Ключевые слова и словосочетания: фазовые переходы, модель Изинга, критические индексы.