bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of covariate model building methods on their clinical relevance evaluation in population pharmacokinetic analyses: comparison of the full model, stepwise covariate model (SCM) and SCM+ approaches
Authors: Philipp Morgane , Buatois Simon , Retout Sylvie , Mentré France
Published: November 2023

Covariate analysis in population pharmacokinetics is key for adjusting doses for patients. The main objective of this work was to compare the adequacy of various modeling approaches on covariate clinical relevance decision-making. The full model, stepwise covariate model (SCM) and SCM + PsN algorithms were compared in a clinical trial simulation of a 383-patient population pharmacokinetic study mixing rich and sparse designs. A one-compartment model with first-order absorption was used. A base model including a body weight effect on CL/F and V/F and a covariate model including 4 additional covariates-parameters relationships were simulated. As for forest plots, ratios between covariates at a specific value and that of a typical individual were calculated with their 90% confidence interval (CI90) using standard errors. Covariates on CL, V and KA were considered relevant if their CI90 fell completely outside the reference area [0.8–1.2]. All approaches provided unbiased covariate ratio estimates. For covariates with a simulated effect, the 3 approaches correctly identify their clinical relevance. However, significant covariates were missed in up to 15% of cases with SCM/SCM+. For covariate with no simulated effects, the full model mainly identified them as non-relevant or with insufficient information while SCM/SCM + mainly did not select them. SCM/SCM + assume that non-selected covariates are non-relevant when it could be due to insufficient information, whereas the full model does not make this assumption and is faster. This study must be extended to other methods and completed by a more complex high-dimensional simulation framework.
Clinical nomogram for predicting type 2 diabetes in elderly patients with hypertension: a novel model approach toward predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine
Authors: Yao Wensen , Zhang Lu
Published: November 2023

Background Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a widely prevalent disease, often asymptomatic in its initial phases. Therefore, early identification of individuals at a high risk of T2D is essential in the context of Predictive, Preventive, and Personalized Medicine (PPPM/3PM). Currently, there is a lack of a specific model for estimating the risk of T2D in elderly hypertensive patients. This study aims to develop a nomogram for predicting the 5-year risk of T2D in this specific population.Methods This retrospective cohort study included 6041 elderly patients with hypertension initially free of T2D. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression model was employed to identify potential predictors. The relationship between continuous predictors and new-onset T2D was examined using the restricted cubic spline (RCS) function. Cox regression analysis was conducted to establish the optimal predictive nomogram model. The performance of the nomogram was assessed through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Time-dependent ROC analysis was conducted to evaluate the discriminative ability of the nomogram for T2D at different time points. We categorized participants into four risk categories according to their nomogram scores: low (Q1), middle (Q2), high (Q3), and extremely high (Q4). Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curve was used to assess the predictive value of the nomogram.Results All 6,041 participants, 495 individuals (8.2%) developed diabetes during the follow-up period. The nomogram model incorporated four variables: age (HR = 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01–1.04), body mass index (BMI) (HR = 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01–1.08), fasting blood glucose (FPG) (HR = 4.32; 95% CI: 3.69–5.07), and triglyceride levels (HR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.02–1.66). The nomogram demonstrated robust discrimination performance with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.795 for the training cohort and 0.755 for the validation cohort. Furthermore, calibration curves illustrated a close alignment between the predicted and observed probabilities of T2D risk, affirming the reliability of the nomogram's predictions. The DCA substantiated the favorable clinical utility of the nomogram. The time-dependent ROC and K-M curves underscored the nomogram's good discriminatory and predictive capabilities.Conclusions We have formulated an easily applicable, personalized nomogram model that demonstrates precision and reliability in distinguishing the 5-year risk of incident T2D in elderly patients with hypertension.
HPV infection and its correlation with p53 and Bcl-2 among pregnant mothers and their infants
Authors: Sen Subhrojit
Published: November 2023

Perinatal transmission of HPV leading to infection in infants due to swallowing of amniotic fluid or vaginal secretions is vital for early screening of cervical and oral cancers. Here, the perinatal transmission of HPV from the pregnant women to their infants was studied. p53 and Bcl-2 expressions in the mother-baby pairs were analyzed. The correlation of HPV infection with p53 and Bcl-2 in the mother-baby pairs were examined. The study included 135 mother-baby pairs. HPV infection was detected in the cervical and oral swabs employing both PCR and Hybrid Capture-II methods. Immunocytochemistry of p53 and Bcl-2 using the streptavidin-biotin peroxidase method with respective monoclonal antibodies was performed. The prevalence of HPV infection in the mothers was 28.14%, (38/135) and 30.37% (41/135) determined by the PCR and HC-II methods respectively. HPV 16 and/or 18 was identified in 81.57% (31/38) and 82.92% (34/41) of the HPV + women estimated by the PCR and HC-II methods respectively. The frequency of perinatal transmission was 21.05% (8/38) 23.68% (9/38) determined by the PCR and HC-II methods respectively. An abnormal nuclear expression of p53 and cytoplasmic expression of Bcl-2 were observed in the HPV + mother-baby pairs. A significant positive correlation was found between p53 and Bcl-2 expressions and HPV + mother-baby pairs. Cesarean section was not found protective for infants against perinatal HPV transmission. The detection of p53 and Bcl-2 proteins in the HPV-positive mother-baby pairs suggests that these biomarkers may be important in the early screening of these cancers in positive cases.
Advancing Ecological Research with MobileNet-SSD V2 CNN: A Leap in Machine Learning
Authors: P Geethanjali , . Metun , Rajeshwari M
Published: November 2023

Across different regions, the ongoing struggle between humans and animals takes various shapes, including the prevalent problems with tigers in urban spaces and crop destruction by wild elephants. Crafting successful approaches to mitigate these human-wildlife confrontations stands as a pressing issue worldwide. Manually analyzing a large volume of photos and collected footage is exceptionally time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly. Recent advancements in deep learning techniques have demonstrated promise in the identification of objects and species within images. In this paper, an automated wildlife detection system that leverages computer vision techniques and machine learning methods is introduced where the primary goal is to validate and train a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), specifically MobileNet-SSD V2, to detect wildlife captured by camera traps. The approach includes building a versatile CNN framework with labeled images from benchmark datasets, annotated using LabelImg, and implementing it in TensorFlow Lite. Regular updates with fresh camera-trap images will enhance species recognition precision. This method could aid in conserving endangered species.
Software-based Remote Memory Attestation Using Quantum Entanglement
Authors: Laeuchli Jesse , trujillo-rasua Rolando
Published: November 2023

We demonstrate a method for software-based remote memory attestation using Quantum Effects. The resulting protocol has the unique feature of resisting collusion between two dishonest devices, one of which has unbounded computational resources.
Effect of femtosecond laser pre-patterned silicon substrate on Ti/Zr/Ti thin film properties
Authors: Božinović Nevena , Rajić Vladimir , Savva Kyriaki , Potočnik Jelena , Pjević Dejan , Stratakis Emmanuel , Petrović Suzana
Published: November 2023

The experimental study of the dynamic femtosecond laser silicon substrate pre-patterning for the Ti/Zr/Ti thin film system is reported. The design of surface pattering with the micrometre features in the form of spikes is investigated in order to improve the arrayed surface structures. Femtosecond laser pulses were used to acquire black silicon surfaces decorated with conical structures (spikes) under 0.65 bar of SF6 environmental atmosphere. After irradiation, the silicon surface exhibits high aspect ratio spikes, which have conical shapes of about 2 µm height, 40° angle opening, 13x10 6 cm −2 density that remains approximately uniform across the processed area. Results show that the base of the induced conical structures has an elliptical shape with a major (long) and minor (short) axis on the horizontal plane. Spike formation has been attributed to a complex mechanism initiated by partial material melting and subsequent capillary wave formation driven by surface tension gradients within the molten region. On pre-patterned Si substrate were deposited novel composite thin films composed of two Ti layers and subsurface distributed Zr layers (thickness of 10 nm) by ion sputtering to the total thickness of 300 nm. The composition, surface morphology, reflectance and wetting properties were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDS), wettability equipment tehnique and UV spectrophotometer.
Levy Flight GA with Bayesian LSTM - XGBoost optimization for Energy Consumption Prediction of LED array and Piezo-Electric Energy Harvesting system
Authors: Marimuthu C , Manikandan V
Published: November 2023

Prediction of energy consumption from nonconventional renewable energy sources is critical task for energy suppliers. To forecast energy demand, this paper proposed an improved Bayesian Long-Short Term Memory (BiLSTM) based deep learning technique cum Gradient Boost Regression (XGBoost) with LevyGA optimization for LED array and Piezo-Electric Energy generation forecasting. The complex and nonlinear dependencies between time steps and sequences are extracted by the XGBoost mechanism, so the attention weight vector is constructed for the hidden layer output of BiLSTM and the relevant variables at different time steps are weighted to influence the input. Finally, the Levy Flight Genetic algorithm (LFGA) is used to optimize hyper-parameter selection of the model. Comparing with other forecasting techniques in terms of accuracy and stability, our method of the short-term power generation forecasting on different data sets shows that the average absolute errors of forecasting are 0.876 and 4.238.
Disparity between Legislation and Implementation of Fiscal Laws in the UT of J&K
Authors: Mir Nauman , Mir Showkat
Published: November 2023

This research explores the fiscal responsibility framework in the Union Territory (UT) of Jammu and Kashmir, focusing on the Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act (FRBM Act) and the constitutional provisions under Articles 292 and 293. The study investigates the fiscal deficit challenges faced by the UT, analysing its revenue expenditure in relation to federal relations. Objectives include examining the FRBM Act, understanding Centre-State financial relations, exploring the concept of fiscal discipline, and scrutinizing the fiscal deficit trends in J&K.

The analysis delves into the FRBM Act of 2003, emphasizing its role in ensuring fiscal balance, sustainable growth, and responsible financial management. Constitutional provisions under Articles 292 and 293, which empower the government to borrow and set restrictions, are explored in conjunction with the FRBM Act. The study evaluates the fiscal deficit scenario in J&K, considering the implications on sectors such as healthcare and power development. The findings aim to contribute valuable insights for policymakers and researchers, addressing the complex fiscal challenges within the UT.
3D architecture and complex behavior along the simple central San Andreas fault
Authors: Cheng Yifang , Bürgmann Roland , Allen Richard
Published: November 2023

The central San Andreas Fault (CSAF) exhibits a simple linear large-scale fault geometry, yet seismic and aseismic deformation features vary in a complex way along the fault. Here we investigate fault zone behaviors using geodetic observation, seismicity and microearthquake focal mechanisms. We employ an improved focal-mechanism characterization method using relative earthquake radiation patterns on 75,164 M ≥ 1 earthquakes along a 2-km-wide, 190-km-long segment of the CSAF, from 1984 to 2015. The data reveal the 3D fine-scale structure and interseismic kinematics of the CSAF. Our findings indicate that the first-order spatial variations in interseismic fault creep rate, creep direction, and the fault zone stress field can be explained by a simple fault coupling model. The inferred 3D mechanical properties of a mechanically weak and poorly coupled fault zone provide a unified understanding of the complex fine-scale kinematics, indicating distributed slip deficits facilitating small-to-moderate earthquakes, localized stress heterogeneities, and complex multi-scale ruptures along the fault. Through this detailed mapping, we aim to relate the fine-scale fault architecture to potential future faulting behavior along the CSAF.
Individual Prediction of Optimal Treatment Allocation Between Electroconvulsive Therapy or Ketamine using the Personalized Advantage Index
Authors: Wade Benjamin , Pindale Ryan , Camprodon Joan , Luccarelli James , Li Shuang , Meisner Robert , Seiner Stephen , Henry Michael
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and ketamine are two effective treatments for depression with similar efficacy; however, individual patient outcomes may be improved by models that predict optimal treatment assignment. Here, we adapt the Personalized Advantage Index (PAI) algorithm using machine learning to predict optimal treatment assignment between ECT and ketamine using medical record data from a large, naturalistic patient cohort. We hypothesized that patients who received a treatment predicted to be optimal would have significantly better outcomes following treatment compared to those who received a non-optimal treatment.
Methods:Data on 2526 ECT and 235 mixed IV ketamine and esketamine patients from McLean Hospital was aggregated. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) before and during acute treatment. Patients were matched between treatments on pretreatment QIDS, age, inpatient status, and psychotic symptoms using a 1:1 ratio yielding a sample of 470 patients (n=235 per treatment). Random forest models were trained and predicted differential patientwise minimum QIDS scores achieved during acute treatment (min-QIDS) scores for ECT and ketamine using pretreatment patient measures. Analysis of Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values identified predictors of differential outcomes between treatments.
Results: Twenty-seven percent of patients with the largest PAI scores who received a treatment predicted optimal had significantly lower min-QIDS scores compared to those who received a non-optimal treatment (mean difference=1.6, t=2.38, q<0.05, Cohen’s D=0.36). Analysis of SHAP values identified prescriptive pretreatment measures.
Conclusions: Patients assigned to a treatment predicted to be optimal had significantly better treatment outcomes. Our model identified pretreatment patient factors captured in medical records that can provide interpretable and actionable guidelines treatment selection.
PrEPárate: Evaluation of a Community-Driven PrEP Social Marketing Intervention Tailored to Latina/o/x Individuals
Authors: Shah Harita S. , Serrano Pedro A. , Mathur Priya K. , Albarran Ricardo , Hondal Esbeidy Torres , Miguel Cindy San , Curtis Michael G. , II Gregory Phillips
Published: November 2023

Background: Latina/o/x sexual minority men (SMM) and transgender women (TW) remain disproportionately impacted by HIV, with higher HIV incidence and lower uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) than non-Hispanic white peers. Disparities in PrEP uptake among Latina/o/x populations have been found to be due to structural, social, and personal barriers. Social marketing interventions have been shown to effectively address barriers and increase PrEP uptake in other populations, and thus offer potential as a tool to increase PrEP uptake for Latina/o/x populations.
Methods: The PrEPárate campaign was developed through community based participatory research and ran from April to September 2022 in Cook County, Illinois. We conducted a mixed methods evaluation through surveys (N=515) and semi-structured interviews with community partners and survey participants (N=14). Cross-sectional associations of campaign exposure with PrEP awareness and uptake were examined in covariate-adjusted multivariable regression models. We used rapid qualitative methods to analyze interviews and assess implementation outcomes using the RE-AIM framework.
Results: The campaign reached over 118,000 people on social media, with additional reach over public transit. PrEPárate exposure was associated with increased PrEP awareness (aOR= 5.23; 95% CI = (2.58, 10.63) and PrEP uptake (aOR= 1.69; 95% CI = (1.09, 2.62). Qualitative analysis found the campaign to be acceptable, appropriate, and implemented with fidelity. Future directions for PrEPárate include expanding adoption and focusing on PrEP stigma reduction.
Conclusions: Social marketing campaigns can be an effective strategy to increase PrEP awareness and uptake among underserved Latina/o/x populations. Community engagement is essential to the development of tailored, acceptable, and appropriate interventions.
Production of K± and ϕ-Mesons in Ag+Ag-Collisions at 1.58 A GeV
Authors:   , Kohls Marvin
Published: November 2023

This work focuses on the investigation of K+, K- and ϕ-meson production in Ag(1.58 A GeV)+Ag collisions. The energetically cheapest channel for direct K+ production in binary NN-collisions NN→NΛK+ lies at exactly this energy. For the remaining K- and ϕ-mesons, an excess energy of 0.31 GeV and 0.34 GeV in the centre of mass system has to be provided by the system. This makes these particles an excellent probe for effects inside the medium. K+ and K- mesons can be reconstructed directly as they possess a cτ of approximately 3.7 m. Using the approximately 3 billion recorded Ag(1.58 A GeV)+Ag 0-30% most central collision events, all reconstructed K+ and K- within the detector acceptance are investigated for their kinematic properties and their particle production rates compared to a selection of existing models.
Me han hecho mucho bien
Authors: Román Hernández Carlos Eduardo
Published: November 2023

Este artículo propone una lectura retrospectiva y crítica de la visita del Papa Francisco a Colombia, realizada en septiembre de 2017, y se apoya en algunas nociones provenientes del pensamiento de Bernard Lonergan S.J. No pretende analizar o recordar su coyuntura, sino captar y exponer los desafíos generados en aquella visita, que se vislumbran como posibilidad de sanación en nuestra historia. Son asuntos estructurales que apelan tanto la vida creyente como la vida social y política, y no meras declaraciones de referencia de un líder religioso.
Dilatation of suprapubic veins as a manifestation of pelvic varicose veins: description of a clinical case
Authors: Akulova A. A. , Soroka V. L. , Bondarchuk D. V. , Solomakhin A. E. , Lobastov K. V.
Published: November 2023

The presence of dilated suprapubic veins (suprapubic shunt) is considered to be a classic symptom of post-thrombotic and non-thrombotic venous outflow obstruction. Meanwhile, the descriptions of isolated cases of the creation of a suprapubic shunt during pregnancy in women with pelvic varicose disease are presented in the literature. We present a clinical case report of successful treatment of pelvic varicose disease with the presence of dilated veins in the suprapubic region. A 33-year-old patient complained of the presence of varicose veins in the lower extremities, in the perineum and suprapubic region, heaviness and pain in the lower extremities, a periodic heavy feeling and burning in the varicose vein area, painful menstruation and pain during intercourse. The symptoms appeared and progressed during four pregnancies, after the last one the patient noted the appearance of dilated veins in the suprapubic region. The ultrasound angiography of the lower extremity veins revealed valvular incompetence of the saphenofemoral junction and the trunks of the great saphenous vein bilaterally, the left anterior accessory saphenous vein, signs of pelvioperineal reflux, dilated veins of the perineum and round ligament of the uterus. The first stage surgery involved phlebography and embolization of the ovarian veins bilaterally. The patient showed positive response to treatment, which resulted in relief of dyspareunia and reduction of algodismenorrhea. The second stage surgery involved endovenous laser coagulation of the trunks of the great saphenous vein bilaterally and the left anterior accessory saphenous vein. Varicose vein tributaries on the lower extremities were removed by means of miniphlebectomy, while varicose veins of the perineum and suprapubic region were obliterated by foam sclerotherapy. Three months after the intervention, the patient had a stable obliteration of all target veins, clinical improvement, disappearance of dilated veins in the suprapubic region, regression of pain in the lower extremities and complete relief of dyspareunia and algodismenorrhea. Thus, the presence of varicose veins in the suprapubic region can be not only a consequence of venous obstruction, but also a symptom of pelvic varicose disease. If a suprapubic shunt is identified, a detailed examination of the patient, including imaging methods for evaluating abdominal or pelvic veins is required. The results of the tests will help develop an individual treatment plan.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of the use of modern self-adhesive silicone postoperative dressings
Authors: Lichman L. L. , Katorkin S. E. , Andreev P. S.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. When performing dressings on surgical patients, dressings must combine a barrier function and low trauma to the edges of the wound and surrounding skin. Target. To conduct a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of using adhesive- and silicone-based postoperative bandages. Material and methods. The study included 98 patients with postoperative wounds of the anterior abdominal wall after closure of intestinal stomas, laparotomies and minilaparotomies. In group I of patients (n = 50), new silicone-based dressings (Cosmopor silicone) were used. In group II patients (n = 48), adhesive bandages were used. The observation period was 10 days. We assessed the pain syndrome when removing the bandage, the presence of skin damage, the presence of subjective complaints of itching, burning, discomfort in the bandage area, and the number of purulent-septic complications.Results and discussion. When using silicone-based patch-type dressings, the number of patients with unsatisfactory skin condition decreased from 8 cases in the control group to 1 observation. The intensity of pain when removing the bandages decreased statistically significantly on the 6th and 9th days of observation in the main group – 0.8 ± 0.5 and 3.6 ± 1.0 points, respectively. Statistically significant differences were obtained in subjective complaints of discomfort and itching under the dressing material. The same number of purulentseptic complications in the form of suppuration of postoperative wounds in the comparison groups (χ2 = 0.002; p = 3.841) confirms that silicone-based dressings are not inferior in barrier function to adhesive-based dressings. Conclusion. Cosmopor silicone self-adhesive patch-type bandages on a silicone base improve the subjective sensations of patients, reduce the incidence of pathological conditions of the skin and wound surface, prevent increased pain during their removal, are applied for a longer period and do not affect the number of purulent-septic complications.
Elastofibroma: a literature review and clinical case
Authors: Boldin B. V. , Tsukan V. Yu. , Dizengof I. M. , Sergeev A. A. , Kolesova S. I. , Kobzarev D. A.
Published: November 2023

Elastofibroma is a rare, slow growing, benign soft tissue tumor characterized by a typical location in the subscapularis. It has a mesenchymal origin and consists of proliferating fibrous and adipose tissue with elastic and collagen fibers in its composition. Pain and discomfort in the subscapular region, restriction on movement are typical complaints for patients with elastofibroma, however, the absence of clinical symptoms and difficult differential diagnosis make it difficult to choose treatment tactics. A 70-year-old patient applied to a surgeon at the Clinical Diagnostic Center of the Central Clinical Hospital of St Alexis with complaints of a painless tumor-like subcutaneous mass in the region of the lower angle of the right scapula. She noted the presence of this formation 5 years ago, during this time the tumor gradually grew. When viewed on the back along the lower edge of the right shoulder blade, a volumetric tumor-like formation in the form of a ball measuring 7.5 × 6.0 × 2.0 cm, soft-elastic consistency is determined. On palpation, painless, not soldered to the skin. The skin over the formation is not changed. A preliminary diagnosis was established lipoma of the back. The diagnosis of elastofibroma was established after ultrasound of the posterior chest wall, MSCT of the chest. For differential diagnosis, the puncture biopsy material was sent for histological examination, the result of which confirmed the diagnosis of elastofibroma. Observational tactics in this case is preferable, since elastofibroma is not accompanied by pain, limitation of mobility, and does not bring discomfort when moving. Thus, at the moment, imaging methods allow establishing an accurate diagnosis, but histological examination is necessary for differential diagnosis. However, a histologically confirmed diagnosis will not always be an indication for surgery. In most cases, in the absence of clinical manifestations, observational tactics are followed in the treatment.
The role of video capsule endoscopy in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases: experience of the Department of Diagnostic and Operative Endoscopy
Authors: Likutov A. A. , Vlasko T. A. , Veselov V. V.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. Video capsule endoscopy (VSE) is a gold standard diagnostic method for small bowel diseases and is widely used in clinical practice. The presented analysis of the VCE results demonstrates the possibilities of this diagnostic tool and is the largest one of the analysis that were recently published in Russia. Aim. To demonstrate the possibilities of video capsule endoscopy in the diagnosis of small bowel diseases. Materials and methods. A total of 300 video capsule endoscopies were performed in patients with suspected and already established small bowel diseases between 2014 and 2022. All patients who underwent a video capsule endoscopy in the settings of the National Medical Research Center of Coloproctology named after A.N. Ryzhikh were over 18 years old. The study cohort included 158 men and 142 women. The average age of patients at the time of the video capsule endoscopy was 42 ± 15.4 years. The patients were recommended a standard preparation regimen: 3 days before the study, a protein diet was prescribed, and the day before, a two-stage administration of a PEGbased drug (“split dose”). To reduce gas production and decrease the amount of foamy intestinal contents, which worsens the quality of the endoscopic image, oral administration of an antifoam agent simethicone was prescribed: 80 mg on the eve of the endoscopy and 80 mg on the day of the endoscopy. Results. The video capsule endoscopy demonstrated high information value in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases: its sensitivity was 86%, and specificity – 90%. Similar results were obtained during video capsule endoscopy used to diagnose the source of possible bleeding: sensitivity and specificity were 87 and 68%, respectively. Conclusion. Video capsule endoscopy is an effective, safe and well-tolerated tool for diagnosing small bowel diseases. The video capsule endoscopy findings contribute to establishing a correct diagnosis and selecting treatment strategies.
Comparative evaluation of effect of phlebotropic agents on vascular wall permeability in preclinical studies
Authors: Buzlama A. V. , Verlina A. A. , Kuznetsov A. Yu. , Aleksenko E. A.
Published: November 2023

Introduction. As there is insufficient evidence to date to determine phlebotropic drug preferences, further research in this area is warranted. Aim. To evaluate the effect of topical and oral phlebotropic agents on vascular wall permeability in preclinical studies. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 6 phlebotropic agents for external and oral use, which were administered according to the recommendations specified in the instructions for use, 2 hours before the trypan blue. The model for preclinical studies: the xylene petechiae test with trypan blue staining. The evaluation criterion was the intensity of staining, which was expressed semiquantitatively (points). The test system was 100 white male outbred conventional mice. Results and discussion. Heparin + EPL + escin (Detragel) significantly reduces the intensity of staining in the xylene petechiae test. It was found that with a single external application reduces the intensity of staining by 25.0% compared to the control, which significantly by 60.0% exceeded the effectiveness of the drug heparin 1000 IU; with a course application of 15 days in 2 times, which significantly, least by 50%, exceeded the effect of the drug heparin 1000 IU and cosmetic product containing troxerutin. MPFF 1000 mg (Detralex) at a single oral administration significantly reduced the intensity of staining by 35.0% compared to the control group, which significantly by 69.2% exceeded the effectiveness of the reproduced preparations of MPFF and diosmin 600 mg. The indicated results are explained by differences in production technology, composition of components and are consistent with the known data on clinical efficacy of different groups of venotonics. Conclusion. In preclinical studies on the model of xylene petechiae with trypan blue staining, high efficacy of the original drug MPFF 1 (Detralex) at a single oral application and the drug heparin + EPL + escin (Detragel) at external single and course application for 15 days was established, which showed a significant difference with the control group, not less than 50% exceeded the efficacy of analogues and may indicate the effect on the permeability of the vascular wall.
Desenvolvimento e Caracterização de Kombucha Produzida com Ingredientes Orgânicos e Convencionais
Authors: Becchi Luana Lermen , Müller Thais , Bergamaschi Lucas Lago , Heidrich Daiane , Da Silva Guilherme Liberato , Maciel Mônica Jachetti
Published: November 2023

Kombucha é uma bebida fermentada obtida facilmente e com grande potencial terapêutico. O processo de produção da bebida não é padronizado. Apesar disso, deve estar de acordo com o padrão de identidade e qualidade determinado pelo Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (Mapa). Foram relatados estudos sobre suas propriedades e benefícios, mas o produto final dependerá dos parâmetros adotados, os quais podem interferir na atividade biológica da bebida. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi desenvolver e caracterizar kombuchas produzidas com ingredientes orgânicos e convencionais. Foram desenvolvidas duas bebidas com as mesmas condições de produção – uma com ingredientes orgânicos e outra convencional. Para verificar se as kombuchas estavam de acordo com o padrão exigido pelo Mapa, foram analisados pH, graduação alcoólica e acidez volátil de ambas as bebidas em duas formulações. A avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana foi realizada pelo método de microdiluição, conforme o protocolo da Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Utilizou-se bactérias Gram-negativas Salmonella Typhimurium e Escherichia coli, Gram-positivas Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus e levedura Candida albicans. A bebida produzida com ingredientes orgânicos, na segunda formulação, encontrou-se de acordo com os padrões determinados pelo Mapa. Ambas apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana contra S. aureus na concentração de 500 μL/mL. Todas as outras cepas bacterianas tiveram inibição maior que 80% nesta mesma concentração para as duas bebidas. Já quanto à levedura, as duas kombuchas não apresentaram atividade antifúngica. Com esta pesquisa conclui-se que o tipo de ingredientes, orgânicos ou convencionais, pode modificar as propriedades físico-químicas das bebidas, mas não interfere na propriedade antimicrobiana.
Gestão social como contraposição à gestão estratégica social management
Authors: Pereira José Roberto , Cançado Airton Cardoso , Tenório Fernando Guilherme
Published: November 2023

Gestão social, alguns contra outros a favor e aqueles por conhecer. Foi justamente a partir desses antagonismos do significado de gestão social que os autores decidiram escrever este texto, partindo da contraposição entre gestão social (gestão dialógica) e gestão estratégica (gestão monológica). A justificativa central é a presença da gestão social como exercício da cidadania na Constituição Federal brasileira de 1988, que é recorrentemente desconsiderada. Para tal intento o presente texto recorre a diversos conceitos como contraposição, gestão, social, estratégia, inclusão e exclusão. Outros argumentos são apresentados para a fundamentação do texto baseados principalmente em Guerreiro Ramos, Marx e Habermas. Tal resgate conceitual tem por finalidade demonstrar a diferença entre gestão social (agir comunicativo, baseado na ilocução) e gestão estratégica (agir estratégico, baseado na perlocução). Ao final, discute-se a não perenidade de conceitos, que são sempre temporais.
Empreendedorismo feminino no Brasil: Panorama sobre a produção científica (2010 a 2019)
Authors: Silva Carla Patricia de Sousa , Almeida Laura Batista , Guimarães Jairo de Carvalho
Published: November 2023

A revisão da literatura representa parte significativa em qualquer pesquisa. Porém, muitas revisões que têm o propósito de coletar literaturas importantes relativizam o rigor científico, comprometendo uma análise mais apurada do campo sob investigação. Para enfrentar este desafio, o estudo se apoiou na bibliometria visando a mensurar a contribuição do conhecimento científico. A proposta é que os indicadores retratem o comportamento da produção científica em um campo e, neste aspecto, o presente estudo intenciona descrever a produção científica na área do empreendedorismo feminino no período de 2010 a 2019, tomando como referência os periódicos de base territorial nacional, certificados a partir da Plataforma ISSN – International Standard Serial Number, analisando as revistas na Plataforma Sucupira (QUALIS/CAPES), estratos A1, A2, B1 e B2, considerando a classificação dos periódicos no quadriênio 2013-2016. Foi possível colecionar 1.487 periódicos nos quatro estratos, sendo possível relacionar 472 revistas de base territorial nacional, identificando-se que apenas 35 publicaram entre 2010 e 2019 estudos envolvendo o empreendedorismo feminino. A lista de pesquisadores que desenvolveram os estudos é vasta, porém, os autores de maior profusão na publicação de estudos na área são Hilka Pelizza Vier Machado (10 publicações), Rivanda Meira Teixeira (9), Lea Cristina Silva Bomfim e Marcos Ferreira Jesus, cada um com 3 publicações. Conclui-se que há necessidade de ampliação das pesquisas relacionadas ao gênero feminino atuando no empreendedorismo, buscando desvelar novas perspectivas que as mulheres, com a singular sensibilidade que tão bem as define, podem proporcionar no fortalecimento e no desenvolvimento da economia nacional.
Investigating In Vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Different Sorbus Species in Artvin Province of Türkiye
Authors: CAMADAN Yasemin , AKYILDIRIM BEĞEN Hayal , CEYLAN Şule , SARAL Ayşegül , EMİNAĞAOĞLU Özgür
Published: November 2023

In the present study, three Sorbus species in the Rosaceae family naturally growing in Artvin province of Turkey were collected. To determine the antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoids capacity of the extracts, their scavenging capacity for (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, reducing capacity for Fe3+ (FRAP) and copper (II) ions (CUPRAC) were analyzed. Besides, disc diffusion method was used to determine antibacterial activity. It was found that all Sorbus fruit, flower, leaf and pedicle methanolic extracts showed different levels of antioxidant activity. Results of the the total polyphenol, total flavonoid, FRAP, CUPRAC and DPPH analysis, the highest activity was measured in S. persica pedicle, S. umbellate var. cretica leaf, S. persica leaf, S. umbellata var. cretica leaf and S. persica leaf extracts as 25.7 ± 16.49 mg GAE/g, 7.469 ± 0.4926 mg of quercetin/g, 6.248 ± 0.2374 μmol FeSO4.7H2O/g and, 164.4 ± 4.209 mmol TEAC and 46.33 μg/mL, respectively. It was revealed that methanolic extracts of Sorbus plant showing antibacterial activity had very high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values compared to ampicillin. Thus, considering the findings of the present study, it could be stated that these species merit further studies as natural antioxidant and antibacterial sources.
Análise da produção acadêmica sobre pesquisa-ação na interface com a formação continuada na perspectiva da inclusão escolar
Authors: Baumgartem França Bárbara Rebecca , Lima de Almeida Mariangela
Published: November 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar oito dissertações de mestrado do Grufopees/CNPq-Ufes produzidas entre anos de 2018-2021, dialogando com seus diferentes níveis e pressupostos técnicos, metodológicos, epistemológicos e filosóficos. Apoia-se na pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo bibliográfica, fundamentada na análise epistemológica do conhecimento. Toma os pressupostos da Teoria do Agir Comunicativo de Jürgen Habermas, buscando dialogar com as produções em busca de consensos acerca do conhecimento produzido. Tem como participantes os autores-pesquisadores das dissertações, considerando para a produção, organização e categorização dos dados a “Matriz Epistemológica”. A análise de dados se fundamenta nos “Círculos Argumentativos”, que se constituem pela via do discurso expresso pelos argumentos explícitos nos “atos de fala” dos sujeitos, que “desproblematizam” no plano discursivo a respeito da ação/prática, buscando identificar as relações estabelecidas entre pesquisador e participantes, a constituição do problema de pesquisa, os processos de pesquisa, a compreensão da realidade e as intenções de mudança. Evidencia-se uma forte atuação do grupo em processos de transformação inerentes à perspectiva teórico-metodológica da pesquisa-ação colaborativo-crítica, concebidas na elaboração de processos de formação continuada na perspectiva da inclusão escolar e de políticas para a formação em municípios capixabas. Nota-se a perspectiva do discurso expressa na aposta em empreender comunicativamente com os sujeitos de contexto um espaço de fala para expor opiniões por duas vias do discurso, tanto o discurso teórico, no qual as experiências e pretensões de verdade são tematizadas, quanto o discurso prático, no qual se tematiza e avalia se determinada norma de ação pode ser fundamentada.
Narrativas silenciadas
Authors: De Farias Martins Silva Andrey , Cerqueira de Mello Farias Gabriel , Silva Lima Paulo Ricardo , Vasco de Albuquerque Peixoto Ana Lydia , Tancredo Pinheiro da Silva Antonio , de Alencar Menezes Anderson
Published: November 2023

A sociedade brasileira no que diz respeito a sua estrutura de relações sociais como conhecemos, tem início no Brasil colônia a qual a instituição de maior força era a escravagista. Nesse sentido, as formações e interações de classes da sociedade brasileira foram arregimentadas pelo racismo, sendo ele escancarado no passado, com leis e naturalização das práticas de disciminação racial, e mantendo grande influência atualmente com a utilização de “máscaras” que encontram para legitimar sua atuação na sociedade contemporânea. Nesse contexto, nos últimos anos tem-se observado a atuação irregular de ações policiais no país, principalmente nas comunidades periféricas, sendo utilizada a brutalidade e a violência física e moral dos sujeitos, violando direitos humanos e fundamentais, e colocando em perigo a vida de crianças e adolescentes que residem nesses ambientes, sobretudo, as negras, reconhecendo assim a existência do racismo estrutural. Considerando que o país é democrático, e reconhecendo que os atores sociais possuem a capacidade de influenciar nas mudanças e construções de políticas capazes de discutir os fundamentos da vida pública e social, esta proposta de pesquisa tem por objetivo refletir como a brutalidade policial afeta a confiança de crianças negras no Estado democrático por meio de instituições de segurança e proteção. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica, qualitativa e descritiva.
entendimento de justiça social como emergência da desordem informacional e como a atualização ininterrupta deste entendimento impregna os signos
Authors: Figueiredo Suely
Published: November 2023

Tendo em vista que a cognição humana é sistemicamente orientada para configurações que favoreçam uma ordem social de maior adaptabilidade e resistência à degenerescência - orientações essas filosoficamente resumidas na busca pelo certo, harmonioso e justo - podemos inferir que a emergência da justiça social se dá continuamente a partir da desordem informacional, ou seja, da ressignificação simbólica que caracteriza a construção e desconstrução dos signos linguísticos. Dada a compreensão de que os conceitos simbólicos estão em constante elaboração, e sendo a justiça social um conceito inexorável à experiência humana, percebemos que todos os ajustes de significado de justiça social só podem emergir das atualizações impostas por cada uso de cada indivíduo a cada instante que nunca coincidem. Para argumentar a favor dessa hipótese, parte-se de uma constatação que perpassa quase toda a filosofia a respeito de sermos seres que reagem exclusivamente à lógica, à estética e à ética e do reflexo que tal constatação projeta em filósofos da linguagem como Peirce e Davidson, no filósofo da informação Luciano Floridi e em cientistas cognitivos como Deacon e Nicolelis. Sendo assim, a compreensão do que vem a ser justiça social brota de uma semiose da desordem. Não negamos que toda desordem está complexamente interligada a uma ordem – no caso, significado – mas consideramos relevante o fato de tal ordem ser modelada, ininterrupta e caoticamente, por inforgs e níveis de abstração os mais variados possíveis.
A Multi-dimensional Data Mining-based Study on the Prescriptions
Developed by Professor Xu Zhiyin in Treating Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Sun Hai-Jian , Wei Xiao-Man , Lu Ming , Zhu Hong , Zhu Yao
Published: November 2023

Objective:

In this study, we employed a multi-dimensional data mining approach to
examine the clinical instances where Professor Xu Zhiyin treated thyroid nodules. Our aim is to
understand the patterns of symptoms, underlying causes, and treatment approaches used for thyroid
nodules. By doing so, the intention is to distill the essential aspects, compile Professor Xu
Zhiyin's clinical insights, and investigate his scholarly perspectives.

Methods:

Professor Xu Zhiyin's clinical diagnoses and treatments spanning from 2009 to 2019
were entered into Microsoft Excel. Subsequently, the collected data was imported into the Medcase
V5.2 system to facilitate data mining. Various techniques, such as frequency-based method,
association rule analysis, and clustering, including a decentralized system clustering approach,
were employed on a set of 346 cases involving patients with thyroid nodules that conformed
to the specified criteria. The primary focus was on extracting insights regarding symptoms
and the underlying causes from the medical records. By integrating these findings with
Professor Xu Zhiyin's clinical expertise, we examined and summarized the outcomes of the data
mining process.

Results:

The fundamental prescriptions were successfully extracted using the techniques for
mining across multiple dimensions. Utilizing the scattered grouping of these prescriptions and
with reference to the cluster analysis of the frequency-linked system, the fundamental prescriptions
proposed by Professor Xu Zhiyin for addressing thyroid nodules encompass the following
ingredients: Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Cortex Moutan, Paeoniae radix rubra, Curcuma longa
L., Radix Curcumae, persica seed, Citri Reticulatae Viride Pericarpium, Pinellia ternata, Spica
Prunellae, Ostreae concha, Gleditsia sinensis spine, Tuckahoe and Radix Codonopsis.

Conclusion:

The fundamental prescriptions were acquired using the frequency approach, association
rule technique, k-means clustering approach, and systematic clustering approach. The
research findings corroborate one another, demonstrating that Professor Xu Zhiyin's approach to
distinguishing and treating thyroid nodules is embodied in distinct prescriptions tailored to specific
diseases.
Epidemic Characteristics, Spatiotemporal Pattern, and Risk Factors of Other Infectious Diarrhea in Fujian Province From 2005 to 2021: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Lu Yixiao , Zhu Hansong , Hu Zhijian , He Fei , Chen Guangmin
Published: November 2023

Background

Other infectious diarrhea (OID) continues to pose a significant public health threat to all age groups in Fujian Province. There is a need for an in-depth analysis to understand the epidemiological pattern of OID and its associated risk factors in the region.

Objective

In this study, we aimed to describe the overall epidemic characteristics and spatiotemporal pattern of OID in Fujian Province from 2005 to 2021 and explore the linkage between sociodemographic and environmental factors and the occurrence of OID within the study area.

Methods

Notification data for OID in Fujian were extracted from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The spatiotemporal pattern of OID was analyzed using Moran index and Kulldorff scan statistics. The seasonality of and short-term impact of meteorological factors on OID were examined using an additive decomposition model and a generalized additive model. Geographical weighted regression and generalized linear mixed model were used to identify potential risk factors.

Results

A total of 388,636 OID cases were recorded in Fujian Province from January 2005 to December 2021, with an average annual incidence of 60.3 (SD 16.7) per 100,000 population. Children aged <2 years accounted for 50.7% (196,905/388,636) of all cases. There was a steady increase in OID from 2005 to 2017 and a clear seasonal shift in OID cases from autumn to winter and spring between 2005 and 2020. Higher maximum temperature, atmospheric pressure, humidity, and precipitation were linked to a higher number of deseasonalized OID cases. The spatial and temporal aggregations were concentrated in Zhangzhou City and Xiamen City for 17 study years. Furthermore, the clustered areas exhibited a dynamic spreading trend, expanding from the southernmost Fujian to the southeast and then southward over time. Factors such as densely populated areas with a large <1-year-old population, less economically developed areas, and higher pollution levels contributed to OID cases in Fujian Province.

Conclusions

This study revealed a distinct distribution of OID incidence across different population groups, seasons, and regions in Fujian Province. Zhangzhou City and Xiamen City were identified as the major hot spots for OID. Therefore, prevention and control efforts should prioritize these specific hot spots and highly susceptible groups.