bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Strong associations between chromosomal aberrations in blood lymphocytes and the risk of urothelial and squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder
Authors: Wang Hongkun , Wang Ying , Kota Krishna K. , Sun Bing , Kallakury Bhaskar , Mikhail Nabiel N. , Sayed Douaa , Mokhtar Ahmed , Maximous Doaa , Yassin Etemad H. , Sun Scarlett X. , Chen Xiaofei , Loffredo Christopher A. , Zheng Yun-Ling
Published: October 2017

Chromosomal aberrations (CAs) in blood lymphocytes have been shown to be associated with overall cancer risk and aging. However, their relationship to bladder cancer risk remains to be elucidated. In a case-control study of bladder cancer in Egypt, we examined the relationship between the increased frequency of CAs in blood lymphocytes and bladder cancer risk. High frequency of CAs was significantly associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer [adjusted odds ratios (OR) = 3.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.65–5.73]. The associations were somewhat stronger in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC, OR = 4.90) than in urothelial carcinomas (UC, OR = 3.62). We also identified chromosome specific CAs for chromosomes 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 17, 19 that were significantly associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer. We observed particularly strong associations between aberrations of chromosomes 12, 13, 17 and risk of SCC (OR = 7.06, 6.91 and 6.23, respectively). Conclusion: increased frequency of chromosomal aberrations in blood lymphocytes was significantly associated with bladder cancer risk. Overall and chromosome specific aberrations in blood lymphocytes may be a unique set of biomarkers for risk assessments of SCC and UC.
Transgenic mice lacking CREB and CREM in noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons respond differently to common antidepressants on tail suspension test
Authors: Rafa–Zabłocka Katarzyna , Kreiner Grzegorz , Bagińska Monika , Kuśmierczyk Justyna , Parlato Rosanna , Nalepa Irena
Published: October 2017

Evidence exists that chronic antidepressant therapy enhances CREB levels and activity. Nevertheless, the data are not conclusive, as previous analysis of transgenic mouse models has suggested that CREB inactivation in fact contributes to antidepressant-like behavior. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of CREB in this context by exploiting novel transgenic mouse models, characterized by selective ablation of CREB restricted to noradrenergic (Creb1DBHCre/Crem−/−) or serotonergic (Creb1TPH2CreERT2/Crem−/−) neurons in a CREM-deficient background to avoid possible compensatory effects of CREM. Selective and functional ablation of CREB affected antidepressant-like behavior in a tail suspension test (TST) after antidepressant treatment. Contrary to single Creb1DBHCre mutants, Creb1DBHCre/Crem−/− mice did not respond to acute desipramine administration (20 mg/kg) on the TST. On the other hand, single Creb1TPH2CreERT2 mutants displayed reduced responses to fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) on the TST, while the effects in Creb1TPH2CreERT2/Crem−/− mice differed by gender. Our results provide further evidence for the important role of CREM as a compensatory factor. Additionally, the results indicate that new models based on the functional ablation of CREB in select neuronal populations may represent a valuable tool for investigating the role of CREB in the mechanism of antidepressant therapy.
Limits of aerobic metabolism in cancer cells
Authors: Fernandez-de-Cossio-Diaz Jorge , Vazquez Alexei
Published: October 2017

Cancer cells exhibit high rates of glycolysis and glutaminolysis. Glycolysis can provide energy and glutaminolysis can provide carbon for anaplerosis and reductive carboxylation to citrate. However, all these metabolic requirements could be in principle satisfied from glucose. Here we investigate why cancer cells do not satisfy their metabolic demands using aerobic biosynthesis from glucose. Based on the typical composition of a mammalian cell we quantify the energy demand and the OxPhos burden of cell biosynthesis from glucose. Our calculation demonstrates that aerobic growth from glucose is feasible up to a minimum doubling time that is proportional to the OxPhos burden and inversely proportional to the mitochondria OxPhos capacity. To grow faster cancer cells must activate aerobic glycolysis for energy generation and uncouple NADH generation from biosynthesis. To uncouple biosynthesis from NADH generation cancer cells can synthesize lipids from carbon sources that do not produce NADH in their catabolism, including acetate and the amino acids glutamate, glutamine, phenylalanine and tyrosine. Finally, we show that cancer cell lines have an OxPhos capacity that is insufficient to support aerobic biosynthesis from glucose. We conclude that selection for high rate of biosynthesis implies a selection for aerobic glycolysis and uncoupling biosynthesis from NADH generation.
Crosstalk between proteins expression and lysine acetylation in response to patulin stress in Rhodotorula mucilaginosa
Authors: Zheng Xiangfeng , Yang Qiya , Zhao Lina , Apaliya Maurice Tibiru , Zhang Xiaoyun , Zhang Hongyin
Published: October 2017

The proteomic and lysine acetylation (Kac) changes, accompanying degradation of patulin in Rhodotorula mucilaginosa were analyzed using tandem mass tagging and N6-acetyllysine affinity enrichment followed by LC-MS/MS. Proteomic results showed that expression level of short-chain reductase protein and glutathione S-transferase involved in detoxification was significantly up-regulated. In addition, the expression levels of zinc-binding oxidoreductase and quinone oxidoreductase that are involved in antioxidant process, ABC transport and MFS transport responsible for chemical transport were activated when treated with patulin. The quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) result also indicated these genes expression levels were increased when treated with patulin. Kac changes accompanying degradation of patulin in R. mucilaginosa were also observed. Totally, 130 Kac sites in 103 proteins were differentially expressed under patulin stress. The differentially up expressed modified proteins were mainly involved in tricarboxylic acid cycle and nuclear acid biosynthesis. The differentially down expressed Kac proteins were mainly classified to ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation, protein synthesis and defense to stress process. Our results suggest that patulin exposure prompt R. mucilaginosa to produce a series of actions to resist or degrade patulin, including Kac. In addition, the Kac information in R. mucilaginosa and Kac in response to patulin stress was firstly revealed.
Multiplexed detection of microRNAs by a competitive DNA microarray-based resonance light scattering assay
Authors: Liu Xia , Tian Rongrong , Gao Jiaxue , Liu Dianjun , Wang Zhenxin
Published: October 2017

A competitive DNA microarray-based resonance light scattering assay is developed for the selective and sensitive detection of multiple microRNAs.
Facile synthesis of –CN– linked covalent organic frameworks under ambient conditions
Authors: Ding San-Yuan , Cui Xiao-Hui , Feng Jie , Lu Gongxuan , Wang Wei
Published: October 2017

We demonstrate a facile approach for the synthesis of –CN– linked covalent organic frameworks under ambient conditions.
Construction of Sierpiński triangles with the coexistence of C60or MnPc molecules
Authors: Zhang Xue , Li Na , Gu Gaochen , Zhang Yajie , Hou Shimin , Wang Yongfeng
Published: October 2017

Sierpiński triangles up to the fourth order were successfully prepared using 4,4′′-dicyano-1,1′:3′,1′′-terphenyl molecules and Fe or Co atoms with the coexistence of the third molecules (C60or MnPc) on a reconstructed Au(111) substrate.
A two-photon excitable and ratiometric fluorogenic nitric oxide photoreleaser and its biological applications
Authors: Xie Xilei , Fan Jilin , Liang Muwen , Li Yong , Jiao Xiaoyun , Wang Xu , Tang Bo
Published: October 2017

We report a two-photon excitable nitric oxide photoreleaser with ratiometric fluorescence variation, its spatiotemporally controlled release and biological applications.
A direct access to heterobimetallic complexes by roll-over cyclometallation
Authors: Schön F. , Leist M. , Neuba A. , Lang J. , Braun C. , Sun Y. , Niedner-Schatteburg G. , Bräse S. , Thiel W. R.
Published: October 2017

Creation of a novel chelating site by roll-over cyclometallation opens up a new strategy for a rapid access to heterobimetallic complexes. Combinations of iridium(iii) with palladium(ii) or platinum(ii) have exemplarily been synthesized.
An iron-catalyzed hydroalkylation reaction of α,β-unsaturated ketones with ethers
Authors: Lan Yun , Fan Pei , Liu Xiao-Wei , Meng Fei-Fan , Ahmad Tanveer , Xu Yun-He , Loh Teck-Peng
Published: October 2017

A general strategy for the hydroalkylation of vinyl ketones using ethers catalyzed by an iron catalyst is described.
Molecular dynamics simulations of pyrrolidinium and imidazolium ionic liquids at graphene interfaces
Authors: Begić Srđan , Jónsson Erlendur , Chen Fangfang , Forsyth Maria
Published: October 2017

MD simulations of ionic liquids support AFM data and point towards a likely relationship between interfacial structures and electrochemical performance.
Weak C–H⋯F–C hydrogen bonds make a big difference in graphane/fluorographane and fluorographene/fluorographane bilayers
Authors: Sun Minglei , Chou Jyh-Pin , Zhao Yiming , Yu Jin , Tang Wencheng
Published: October 2017

The combination of hydrogen bonding and electric field effectively modulates the electronic properties of graphene-based heterostructures.
Nonadiabatic quantum dynamics calculations of transition state spectroscopy of I + HI and I + DI reactions: the existence of long life vibrational bonding resonances
Authors: Takayanagi Toshiyuki
Published: October 2017

Nonadiabatic quantum dynamics calculations were performed to understand the transition state spectroscopy of I + HI and I + DI reactions.
Density functional theory investigation of negative differential resistance and efficient spin filtering in niobium-doped armchair graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Kumar Jitendra , Nemade Harshal B. , Giri P. K.
Published: October 2017

A niobium-doped AGNR for efficient negative differential resistance and spin filtering applications.
Molecular details of the unique mechanism of chloride transport by a cyanobacterial rhodopsin
Authors: Harris Andrew , Saita Mattia , Resler Tom , Hughes-Visentin Alexandra , Maia Raiza , Pranga-Sellnau Franziska , Bondar Ana-Nicoleta , Heberle Joachim , Brown Leonid S.
Published: October 2017

An aspartic acid (D85) becomes deprotonated during chloride transport by this cyanobacterial rhodopsin, which possibly serves as a regulatory mechanism.
Peptide-based fibrin-targeting probes for thrombus imaging
Authors: Oliveira Bruno L. , Caravan Peter
Published: October 2017

Herein we provide an overview of peptide-based fibrin-targeted probes developed for molecular imaging of thrombosis by different modalities with particular emphasis for nuclear imaging techniques.
Lead-free BNT-based composite materials: enhanced depolarization temperature and electromechanical behavior
Authors: Bai Wangfeng , Zheng Peng , Wen Fei , Zhang Jingji , Chen Daqin , Zhai Jiwei , Ji Zhenguo
Published: October 2017

The development of (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-based solid solutions with both high depolarization temperature Td and excellent piezoelectric and electromechanical properties for practical application is intractable because improved thermal stability is usually accompanied by a deterioration in piezoelectric and electromechanical performance.
Fe3O4@Boehmite-NH2-CoIINPs: an inexpensive and highly efficient heterogeneous magnetic nanocatalyst for the Suzuki–Miyaura and Heck–Mizoroki cross-coupling reactions
Authors: Mohammadinezhad Arezou , Akhlaghinia Batool
Published: October 2017

CoIIimmobilized on aminated Fe3O4@Boehmite nanoparticles as a heterogeneous magnetic catalyst for cross-coupling reactions was investigated.
Confined methane–water interfacial layers and thickness measurements using in situ Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Pinho Bruno , Liu Yukun , Rizkin Benjamin , Hartman Ryan L.
Published: October 2017

Layered methane–water interfaces confined in microfluidics and the influence of Reynolds number on interfacial film thickness.
Cu@furfural imine-decorated halloysite as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for promoting ultrasonic-assisted A3and KA2coupling reactions: a combination of experimental and computational study
Authors: Sadjadi Samahe , Hosseinnejad Tayebeh , Malmir Masoumeh , Heravi Majid M.
Published: October 2017

A novel catalyst was synthesized by functionalization of HNTs with (3-chloropropyl) trimethoxysilan, thiosemicarbazide and furfural and incorporation of copper species.
Inner surface modification of 1.76 nm diameter (13,13) carbon nanotubes and the desalination behavior of its reverse osmosis membrane
Authors: Yang Dengfeng , Li Qing , Shi Jinsheng , Wang Jianhua , Liu Qingzhi
Published: October 2017

100% desalination was achieved with high water conductance by adding –CH2COO−and –CH2NH3+to the interior of CNTs, to imitate the protein Aquaporin-4.
Au nanoparticle-modified WO3 nanoflowers/TiO2 nanotubes used for the SERS detection of dyes
Authors: Zhang Bing , Yin Xuehua , Zhen Deshuai , Gu Wenhong , Liu Yingju , Cai Qingyun
Published: October 2017

WO3 nanoflowers were successfully fabricated for the first time on a TiO2 nanotube substrate via a hydrothermal method.
cis-Platinum pro-drug-attached CuFeS2 nanoplates for in vivo photothermal/photoacoustic imaging and chemotherapy/photothermal therapy of cancer
Authors: Ding Binbin , Yu Chang , Li Chunxia , Deng Xiaoran , Ding Jianxun , Cheng Ziyong , Xing Bengang , Ma Ping'an , Lin Jun
Published: October 2017

Schematic illustration of the preparation of CuFeS2-CS-Pt nanoplatform for PT/PA imaging and chemo/PT therapy of cancer.
Controlled synthesis of near-infrared quantum dots for optoelectronic devices
Authors: Zhang Hui , Selopal Gurpreet S. , Zhou Yufeng , Tong Xin , Benetti Daniele , Jin Lei , Navarro-Pardo Fabiola , Wang Zhiming , Sun Shuhui , Zhao Haiguang , Rosei Federico
Published: October 2017

We designed a facile approach for the synthesis of PbS quantum dots using thiourea and lead acetate as sources of sulfur and lead, respectively.
Substituent effects on the redox states of locally functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes revealed by in situ photoluminescence spectroelectrochemistry
Authors: Shiraishi Tomonari , Shiraki Tomohiro , Nakashima Naotoshi
Published: October 2017

The electronic states of the aryl-modified SWNTs with different substituents are determined by an in situ PL spectroelectrochemical method.
Effect of pRi T-DNA genes and elicitation on morphology and phytoecdysteroid biosynthesis in Ajuga bracteosa hairy roots
Authors: Kayani Waqas Khan , Palazòn Javier , Cusidò Rosa M. , Mirza Bushra
Published: October 2017

Hairy roots of A. bracteosa raised after the infection of different A. rhizogenes strains resulted in phenotype-dependent phytoecdysteroid biosynthesis due to dissimilar integration of TL- and TR-DNA genes of pRi.
Simultaneous enhancements in the strength, modulus and toughness of electrospun polymeric membranes
Authors: Xu Yiyang , Zhang Xuebing , Wang Xuan , Li Xuyan , Shen Changyu , Wang Xiaofeng , Li Qian
Published: October 2017

Fusion of fiber surfaces leads to simultaneous enhancements in the strength, modulus, and toughness of electrospun polymeric membranes.
Green synthesis of mesoporous anatase TiO2nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activities
Authors: S. Muniandy Sunderishwary , Mohd Kaus Noor Haida , Jiang Zhong-Tao , Altarawneh Mohammednoor , Lee Hooi Ling
Published: October 2017

Mesoporous anatase TiO2nanoparticles are produced by employing a facile green chemistry approach at low temperature with soluble starch as the template in this work. The obtained TiO2photocatalyst is visible-light active with good photocatalytic activities.
Plasmonic nanodisc arrays on calcinated titania for multimodal analysis of phosphorylated peptides
Authors: Hinman Samuel S. , Nguyen Romie C. T. , Cheng Quan
Published: October 2017

A hybrid material of gold nanodiscs on a calcinated titania nanofilm that allows for selective quantitative and qualitative characterization of surface-enriched phosphopeptides has been designed and reported.
Correction: Michael addition-based probes for ratiometric fluorescence imaging of protein S-depalmitoylases in live cells and tissues
Authors: Beck Michael W. , Kathayat Rahul S. , Cham Candace M. , Chang Eugene B. , Dickinson Bryan C.
Published: October 2017

Correction for ‘Michael addition-based probes for ratiometric fluorescence imaging of protein S-depalmitoylases in live cells and tissues’ by Michael W. Beck et al., Chem. Sci., 2017, DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02805a
Air exposure induced recombination in PTB7:PC71BM solar cells
Authors: Thomson Stuart A. J. , Hogg Stephen C. , Samuel Ifor D. W. , Keeble David J.
Published: October 2017

Magnetic resonance identifies oxidised PC71BM recombination centres in PTB7:PC71BM solar cells processed when using DIO and exposed to air.
Investigation of the minimum driving force for dye regeneration utilizing model squaraine dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Pradhan Anusha , Morimoto Takuya , Saikiran Maryala , Kapil Gaurav , Hayase Shuzi , Pandey Shyam S.
Published: October 2017

Combined theoretical and experimental approaches using model squaraine dyes as a representative of NIR sensitizers have demonstrated the possibility for facile dye regeneration, with a very small driving force of 0.12 eV, from the most commonly used iodine based redox electrolytes.
A novel bifunctional thermo-sensitive poly(lactic acid)@poly(butylene succinate) core–shell fibrous separator prepared by a coaxial electrospinning route for safe lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Jiang Xiaoyu , Xiao Lifen , Ai Xinping , Yang Hanxi , Cao Yuliang
Published: October 2017

A thermally induced shutdown separator of PLA@PBS is successfully fabricated by a facile coaxial electrospinning process for safe lithium ion batteries.
On-site evolution of ultrafine ZnO nanoparticles from hollow metal–organic frameworks for advanced lithium ion battery anodes
Authors: Zhang Yiqiong , Lu Yanbing , Feng Shi , Liu Dongdong , Ma Zhaoling , Wang Shuangyin
Published: October 2017

With unique hollow frameworks decorated with well-dispersed ultrafine ZnO nanoparticles, the h-ZIF-8@ZnO hybrids exhibit good cycling performance with a reversible capacity of ∼637.9 mA h g−1 at a high current density of 1.0 A g−1 after 500 cycles.
Coordination polymer hybridized Au nanocages: a nanoplatform for dual-modality imaging guided near-infrared driven photothermal therapy in vivo
Authors: Yan Congyang , Cui Lili , Yang Qi , Zhou Xiaobao , Pan Lixing , Zhang Xiaofen , Yang Hong , Zhou Zhiguo , Yang Shiping
Published: October 2017

Coordination polymer hybridized Au nanocages (AuNC@CPs) were prepared, which were used for near-infrared (NIR)-driven photothermal therapy (PTT) guided by photoacoustic (PA) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in vivo.
Dopant-free and low-cost molecular “bee” hole-transporting materials for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
Authors: Liu Xicheng , Zhang Fei , Liu Zhe , Xiao Yin , Wang Shirong , Li Xianggao
Published: October 2017

TPD based molecular “bee” dopant-free HTMs for PSCs exhibit a PCE of 15.28% which is comparable to dopedspiro-OMeTAD.
The role of solid state solvation on the charge transfer state of a thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter
Authors: Northey T. , Stacey J. , Penfold T. J.
Published: October 2017

Solid state solvation, crucial for understanding the device properties of 3rd generation organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) based upon thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), is investigated using molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry.
Low on‐state voltage and saturation current Trench Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor with integrated Zener diode
Authors: Li Ping , Cheng Junji , Chen Xingbi
Published: October 2017

A novel Trench Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor is proposed, where an integrated Zener diode is introduced. When the anode voltage becomes relatively high, the Zener diode could automatically clamp the potential of the carrier stored layer which locates beneath the base region of the active trench nMOS. Then in the blocking‐state, the dose of the carrier stored layer could be as high as possible to reduce the on‐state voltage without affecting the breakdown voltage. In the on‐state, the drain‐to‐source voltage of the trench nMOS is also clamped, which helps to decrease the saturation current. Simulation results based on a 1.2 kV device show that, in comparison with the conventional one, the saturation current and the on‐state voltage are decreased by 42.8 and 43.1%, respectively.
Fuzzy generalised predictive control for a class of fractional‐order non‐linear systems
Authors: Wang Bin , Shi Ke , Yang Lan , Wu Fengjiao , Chen Diyi
Published: October 2017

Fractional‐order fuzzy generalised predictive control (FFGPC) for a class of non‐linear systems is studied. Based on the Grünwald–Letnikov fractional calculus, Laplace transform, and discretisation, a class of fractional‐order non‐linear systems are transformed to fit the standard controlled autoregressive integrating moving average (CARMA) model. With the help of the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy linearisation theory, a linear CARMA model for the non‐linear systems is represented. Then, a new FFGPC method is proposed for the fractional‐order non‐linear systems based on the obtained CARMA predictive model and generalised predictive control theory. Numerical simulations are implemented to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the new method. This work also provides a reference for the control of relevant fractional‐order systems.
Robust model reference control of linear parameter‐varying systems with disturbances
Authors: Abdullah Ali A.
Published: October 2017

This paper deals with the design and analysis of robust model reference control systems for a class of linear parameter‐varying (LPV) systems with disturbances. Two types of robust model reference control systems are proposed to achieve a prescribed tracking performance. The first type is the LPV state‐feedback model reference control system and the second type is the LPV output‐feedback model reference control system. Based on the notion of quadratic stability, necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of LPV reference models are given. Also, a parameterisation of LPV reference models is derived in this study. A practical example of a single‐link flexible‐joint robot is given to illustrate the design steps and to show the effectiveness of the proposed LPV model reference controllers.
Speeded‐up robust features based single‐ended travelling wave fault location: a practical case study in Yunnan power grid of China
Authors: Cao Pulin , Shu Hongchun , Yang Bo , Dong Jun , Fang Yi , Yu Tao
Published: October 2017

Reflected wave identification is the core of single‐ended travelling wave fault location, in which the obvious superimposed oscillation is the main obstacle for precise reflected wave identification with field data. This study proposes a reflected wave identification method based on speeded‐up robust features, which can gradually approximate from the possibly largest fault distance to the near‐end fault distance so as to exclude the reflected wave from time window containing initial wave. In particular, the time window segmentation divides initial wave and reflected wave into two inconsistent time windows, hence the reflected wave from the superimposed oscillation that usually follows the travelling wave can be effectively separated, such that the identification of reflected wave can be significantly simplified. Lastly, the superimposed oscillation is thoroughly analysed while both the field data with and without obvious superimposed oscillation are presented to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Field data obtained from 21 substations scattered among Yunnan power grid of China validate the implementation feasibility of the proposed method.
Fault tolerant three‐level boost inverter with reduced source and LC count
Authors: Sahoo Manoranjan , Keerthipati Sivakumar
Published: October 2017

Presently single stage boost multilevel inverters are becoming more popular for power conversion in renewable energy systems, AC–DC hybrid microgrids etc. Usually in these boost inverter the voltage stress across the inverter leg switches as well as current through these switches are quite higher as compared to load ratings which increases the chances of inverter leg switch failure. In this paper a three level voltage source boost inverter is proposed to achieve rated three level AC output voltage in a single power conversion stage. It retains all the advantages of three level quasi Z‐ Source inverter by using less number of passive components in the intermediate network between DC source and inverter leg. Beside the inherent shoot through fault tolerant feature the proposed inverter is capable to operate in open circuit failure to give rated balanced AC voltage at load. The above advantages of the proposed single stage inverter make it suitable for low and medium power renewable energy applications where size, weight are main constraint and some of the critical loads are connected to the system. The proposed inverter is verified by simulation (in MATLAB Simulink) and experiment with the help of a laboratory prototype.
Novel orthogonal signal generator for single phase PLL applications
Authors: Stojić Djordje , Georgijević Nikola , Rivera Marco , Milić Saša
Published: October 2017

Single‐phase phase‐locked loops (PLLs) are used in various types of power electronics applications, including voltage source inverters, pulse width modulation rectifiers and different types of grid‐tied power converter utilities. The orthogonal signal generators (OSGs), used in single‐phase PLLs, are generally based on various types of filters, and they need to operate robustly in relation to the grid voltage disturbances and frequency variations. In this study, a novel OSG is proposed based on a modified first‐order all‐pass filter, which enables the PLL phase detector to operate at different response speeds, tuned by means of a single parameter. The PLL is experimentally verified and compared with a number of conventional solutions. Tests include responses to phase angle disturbances, frequency steps, and PLL input voltage distortions. Results show that a novel OSG filter enables faster PLL responses when compared with several conventional OSG filters, all designed to have the same disturbance attenuation at double fundamental frequency.
Sparse sampling‐based microwave 3D imaging using interferometry and frequency‐domain principal component analysis
Authors: Tian He , Li Daojing
Published: October 2017

Microwave radar 3D imaging with high resolution generally requires a great number of samples. The authors aim at accurate reconstruction of microwave radar images while significantly reducing the required number of samples. A novel algorithm is proposed which realises sparse sampling with nearly 50% data reduction and high‐quality restoration, based on interferometry and principal component analysis (PCA) in frequency domain. Interferometric processing is utilised to concentrate the frequency spectrum into low‐frequency stage, thereby reaching an effective sparse representation of radar image. Furthermore, PCA is introduced to reform radar image according to its principal characteristics in frequency spectrum, without side‐lobe artefacts and receiver noise. Experimental data in anechoic chamber demonstrates the great potential of the proposed approach.
Parameter estimation of CGIG clutter plus noise using constrained NIOME and MLE approaches
Authors: Mezache Amar , Gouri Amel , Oudira Houcine
Published: October 2017

Compound Gaussian inverse Gaussian (CGIG) distribution with thermal noise is well suited for sea clutter. The compact expression of higher order moments estimator (HOME) for CGIG clutter plus noise parameters is derived. When non‐integer order moments (NIOM) are considered, numerical integration based on ‘Legendre’ and ‘Laguerre’ polynomials of Gauss quadrature method is employed. This estimator is referred to as constrained NIOM estimator (NIOME)‐based method. Using the two first intensity moments, a constrained maximum likelihood estimator (CMLE) is formed by minimising the negative log likelihood function in one variable to obtain the shape parameter. For comparison purposes, computer simulations are presented with known and unknown clutter‐to‐noise ratio (CNR). In the case of known CNR, the method of moments provides a good fit as well as the NIOME and the CMLE methods. For unknown CNR, regardless the computing time, the HOME method is less accurate than the others. The constrained NIOME method requires numerical optimisation with acceptable calculation time. In most cases, the CMLE approach is accurate, but relatively slow due to the calculation of numerical integration of likelihood functions.
Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Dehydrative Nucleophilic Substitution of C3-Substituted 2-Indolylmethanols with Azlactones
Authors: Mei Guang-Jian , Shi Feng , Bian Chen-Yu , Li Dan , Shi Qian
Published: October 2017

An efficient dehydrative nucleophilic substitution reaction of C3-substituted2-indolylmethanols with azlactones has been established. In the whole process, Brønsted acid was supposed to activate two substrates simultaneously. A series of structurally diversified indole derivatives were obtained in generally good yields and high diastereoselectivities (up to 86% yield, >95:5 dr). This protocol not only provides a new strategy for the direct synthesis of structurally diversified indole derivatives, but also enriches the chemistry of 2-indolylmethanols via dehydrative substitution reaction.
ESSR Consensus Document for Detection, Characterization, and Referral Pathway for Tumors and Tumorlike Lesions of Bone
Authors: Lalam Radhesh , Bloem Johan , Noebauer-Huhmann Iris , Wörtler Klaus , Tagliafico Alberto , Vanhoenacker Filip , Nikodinovska Violeta , Sanal Hatice , Woude Henk-Jan , Papakonstantinou Olympia , Åström Gunnar , Davies Mark , Isaac Amanda , Weber Marc-André
Published: October 2017

Benign bone tumors are rare but are more common than primary malignant bone tumors. The early accurate diagnosis and reliable differentiation of these rare benign tumors and tumor mimickers from the even rarer malignant tumors with subsequent appropriate treatment or watchful waiting is crucial for the clinical outcome. Bone tumors are often a source of diagnostic and therapeutic uncertainty. Thus this European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology consensus document is intended to help radiologists in their decision making and support discussion among clinicians who deal with patients with suspected or proven bone tumors. Evaluating these tumors starts with a patient history and physical examination. Radiography is the principal imaging modality and often can reliably diagnose a benign bone tumor by providing information about localization, matrix, aggressiveness, size, and (potential) multiplicity. In a significant number of cases, additional imaging is not necessary. Potentially malignant entities recognized by radiography should be referred for magnetic resonance imaging, which also serves as a preoperative local staging modality, with specific technical requirements. Indeterminate tumors, or tumors in which therapy depends on histology results, should be biopsied. For biopsy, we strongly recommend referral to a specialist regional sarcoma treatment center (RSTC), where a multidisciplinary tumor team, including a specialist pathologist, radiologist, and sarcoma surgeon, are involved. Additional staging modalities are entity specific and should be performed according to the recommendations of the RSTC.
Ultrasound of the Hip Joint, Soft Tissues, and Nerves
Authors: Bignotti Bianca , Rossi Federica , Sconfienza Luca , Messina Carmelo , Martinoli Carlo , Tagliafico Alberto
Published: October 2017

Ultrasound (US) of the hip is widely used both in children and adults for selected clinical indications. According to the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology, hip US is indicated for several clinical conditions involving the joint, soft tissues, and nerves. Hip US indications include fluid detection, synovitis, effusion, and synovial cysts; soft tissue evaluation such as tendinopathy and bursitis; and peripheral nerve pathology of large and small nerves around the hip. In addition, US is an effective imaging modality to guide interventional procedures. This article provides a brief overview of the US scanning technique of the hip and presents some common and less common conditions in which US of the hip is usually performed in adult patients.
Confocal laser induced fluorescence with comparable spatial localization to the conventional method
Authors: Thompson Derek S. , Henriquez Miguel F. , Scime Earl E. , Good Timothy N.
Published: October 2017

We present measurements of ion velocity distributions obtained by laser induced fluorescence (LIF) using a single viewport in an argon plasma. A patent pending design, which we refer to as the confocal fluorescence telescope, combines large objective lenses with a large central obscuration and a spatial filter to achieve high spatial localization along the laser injection direction. Models of the injection and collection optics of the two assemblies are used to provide a theoretical estimate of the spatial localization of the confocal arrangement, which is taken to be the full width at half maximum of the spatial optical response. The new design achieves approximately 1.4 mm localization at a focal length of 148.7 mm, improving on previously published designs by an order of magnitude and approaching the localization achieved by the conventional method. The confocal method, however, does so without requiring a pair of separated, perpendicular optical paths. The confocal technique therefore eases the two window access requirement of the conventional method, extending the application of LIF to experiments where conventional LIF measurements have been impossible or difficult, or where multiple viewports are scarce.
Extracting spectroscopic molecular parameters from short pulse photo-electron angular distributions
Authors: Chamakhi R. , Puthumpally-Joseph R. , Telmini M. , Charron E.
Published: October 2017

Using a quantum wave packet simulation including the nuclear and electronic degrees of freedom, we investigate the femtosecond and picosecond energy- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectra of the E(Σg+1) electronic state of Li2. We find that the angular distributions of the emitted photoelectrons depend strongly on the pulse duration in the regime of ultrashort laser pulses. This effect is illustrated by the extraction of a time-dependent asymmetry parameter whose variation with pulse duration can be explained by an incoherent average over different ion rotational quantum numbers. We then derive for the variation of the asymmetry parameter a simple analytical formula, which can be used to extract the asymptotic CW asymmetry parameters of individual transitions from measurements performed with ultra-short pulses.
Cyclotron instabilities driven by temperature anisotropy in the solar wind
Authors: Noreen N. , Yoon P. H. , Zaheer S.
Published: October 2017

Kinetic plasma instabilities are important for regulating the temperature anisotropies of electrons and ions in solar wind. For the low beta regime, it is known that electromagnetic ion/electron cyclotron instabilities are important, but in the literature these unstable modes are discussed under the assumption of parallel propagation. The present paper extends the analysis to two (or with cylindrical symmetry, three) dimensions. The analysis is further extended to include quasilinear description with the assumption of the bi-Maxwellian velocity distribution function. Such an analysis lays the foundation for an eventual study in which cyclotron instabilities as well as obliquely propagating unstable modes such as the mirror instability are simultaneously taken into account. The present paper first lays down the basis for such future efforts in which the two- or three dimensional linear and quasilinear theories of cyclotron instabilities in the low beta regime are formulated.
A brain-controlled lower-limb exoskeleton for human gait training
Authors: Liu Dong , Chen Weihai , Pei Zhongcai , Wang Jianhua
Published: October 2017

Brain-computer interfaces have been a novel approach to translate human intentions into movement commands in robotic systems. This paper describes an electroencephalogram-based brain-controlled lower-limb exoskeleton for gait training, as a proof of concept towards rehabilitation with human-in-the-loop. Instead of using conventional single electroencephalography correlates, e.g., evoked P300 or spontaneous motor imagery, we propose a novel framework integrated two asynchronous signal modalities, i.e., sensorimotor rhythms (SMRs) and movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs). We executed experiments in a biologically inspired and customized lower-limb exoskeleton where subjects (N = 6) actively controlled the robot using their brain signals. Each subject performed three consecutive sessions composed of offline training, online visual feedback testing, and online robot-control recordings. Post hoc evaluations were conducted including mental workload assessment, feature analysis, and statistics test. An average robot-control accuracy of 80.16% ± 5.44% was obtained with the SMR-based method, while estimation using the MRCP-based method yielded an average performance of 68.62% ± 8.55%. The experimental results showed the feasibility of the proposed framework with all subjects successfully controlled the exoskeleton. The current paradigm could be further extended to paraplegic patients in clinical trials.
Role of dynamical injection locking and characteristic pulse events for low frequency fluctuations in semiconductor lasers
Authors: Hicke K. , Brunner D. , Soriano M. C. , Fischer I.
Published: October 2017

We investigate the dynamics of semiconductor lasers subject to time-delayed optical feedback from the perspective of dynamical self-injection locking. Based on the Lang-Kobayashi model, we perform an analysis of the well-known Low Frequency Fluctuations (LFFs) in the frequency-intensity plane. Moreover, we investigate a recently found dynamical regime of fragmented LFFs by means of a locking-range analysis, spectral comparison and precursor pulse identification. We show that LFF dynamics can be explained by dynamical optical injection locking due to the delayed optical feedback. Moreover, the fragmented LFFs occur due to a re-injection locking induced by a particular optical pulse structure in the chaotic feedback dynamics. This is corroborated by experiments with a semiconductor laser experiencing delayed feedback from an optical fiber loop. The dynamical nature of the feedback injection results in an eventual loss, but also possible regaining, of the locking, explaining the recently observed phenomenon of fragmented LFFs.
Near-field enhancement of thermoradiative devices
Authors: Lin Chungwei , Wang Bingnan , Teo Koon Hoo , Zhang Zhuomin
Published: October 2017

Thermoradiative (TR) device has recently been proposed for noncontact direct photon-electricity energy conversion. We investigate how the near-field effect can boost the performance of a TR device. For a near-field TR device, a heat sink is placed close to the TR cell, with the separation being small compared to the characteristic photon wavelength. It is demonstrated that the TR device, like the thermophotovoltaic device, can be formulated using the transmissivity and the generalized Planck distribution. We quantitatively show that δ-function transmissivity is a very good approximation (capturing up to 90% of total radiative energy transfer) when the radiative energy transfer is governed by resonances. Three practical types of heat sinks are considered, a metallic material described by the Drude model, a polar dielectric material described by the Lorentz oscillator model, and a semiconductor material that is identical to the TR cell. The blackbody heat sink serves as the far-field reference. By properly choosing the resonant frequencies supported by the heat sink, we show that the heat sink made of a Drude or Lorentz material can enhance the output power by about 60 and 20 times, respectively, as compared to the blackbody reference. Even with a heat sink made of the same material as the TR-cell, which does not support any resonant modes, the output power can be enhanced by about 10 times. The mechanisms can be elucidated from the impedance matching condition derived from the coupled-mode theory.
Sexual (dys)functioning is related to drive for thinness, not drive for muscularity
Authors: Alperin Anandi , Barlow Fiona K.
Published: October 2017

Background Negative body image can result in sexual dysfunction for both women and men. Drive for thinness, drive for muscularity and drive for leanness have all been associated with poor body image. However, research to date has not examined which is the strongest predictor of sexual problems in each gender. Methods: The present study used measures of drive for muscularity and drive for thinness simultaneously to predict sexual functioning in both genders. Participants (n = 519) completed measures of drive for thinness, drive for muscularity, sexual esteem, sexual assertiveness, discomfort exposing their bodies during sex and genital satisfaction. The interaction between drive for thinness and drive for muscularity was used to approximate drive for leanness. Results: Drive for thinness, not drive for muscularity (or any combination of the two), predicted men’s and women’s sexual problems. Conclusions: We add to the growing body of literature on the destructive nature of excessive drive for thinness, and highlight that it may be a core factor in promoting and maintaining men’s (as well as women’s) sexual problems.
Control of transcriptional activity by design of charge patterning in the intrinsically disordered RAM region of the Notch receptor
Authors: Sherry Kathryn P. , Das Rahul K. , Pappu Rohit V. , Barrick Doug
Published: October 2017

Significance

Charge patterning is a key feature of intrinsically disordered protein regions. Here we test whether charge pattering is important for biochemical and biological function, using the “RAM” disordered region of the Notch receptor. The Notch signaling pathway is important in stem-cell biology and cancer. Using computer design, we built 13 charge permutants that span a broad range of charge segregation. These permutants have profound effects on conformational properties, binding affinity to the downstream transcription factor, CSL, and potency in transcriptional activation. WT Notch has the optimal segregation value for activation, whereas higher levels of segregation disrupt binding and activation. Our study paves the way for control of biological function through redesign of charge patterning.
Meta-mass shift chemical profiling of metabolomes from coral reefs
Authors: Hartmann Aaron C. , Petras Daniel , Quinn Robert A. , Protsyuk Ivan , Archer Frederick I. , Ransome Emma , Williams Gareth J. , Bailey Barbara A. , Vermeij Mark J. A. , Alexandrov Theodore , Dorrestein Pieter C. , Rohwer Forest L.
Published: October 2017

Significance

Coral reef taxa produce a diverse array of molecules, some of which are important pharmaceuticals. To better understand how molecular diversity is generated on coral reefs, tandem mass spectrometry datasets of coral metabolomes were analyzed using a novel approach called meta-mass shift chemical (MeMSChem) profiling. MeMSChem profiling uses the mass differences between molecules in molecular networks to determine how molecules are related. Interestingly, the same molecules gain and lose chemical groups in different ways depending on the taxa it came from, offering a partial explanation for high molecular diversity on coral reefs.
Dynein/dynactin is necessary for anterograde transport of
Mbp
mRNA in oligodendrocytes and for myelination in vivo
Authors: Herbert Amy L. , Fu Meng-meng , Drerup Catherine M. , Gray Ryan S. , Harty Breanne L. , Ackerman Sarah D. , O’Reilly-Pol Thomas , Johnson Stephen L. , Nechiporuk Alex V. , Barres Ben A. , Monk Kelly R.
Published: October 2017

Significance

Oligodendrocytes in the brain insulate neuronal axons in layers of fatty myelin to facilitate fast electrical signaling. Myelin basic protein (MBP), an important myelin component, is transported as mRNA away from the cell body before being translated into protein. In zebrafish, the anterograde motor kinesin transports
mbp
mRNA away from the cell body. We now identify myelination defects in zebrafish caused by a mutation in the retrograde motor complex dynein/dynactin, which normally transports cargos back toward the cell body. However, this mutant displays defects in anterograde
mbp
mRNA transport. We confirm in mammalian oligodendrocyte cultures that drug inhibition of dynein arrests transport in both directions and decreases MBP protein levels. Thus, dynein/dynactin is paradoxically required for anterograde
mbp
mRNA transport.
WD40-repeat 47, a microtubule-associated protein, is essential for brain development and autophagy
Authors: Kannan Meghna , Bayam Efil , Wagner Christel , Rinaldi Bruno , Kretz Perrine F. , Tilly Peggy , Roos Marna , McGillewie Lara , Bär Séverine , Minocha Shilpi , Chevalier Claire , Po Chrystelle ,   Sanger Mouse Genetics Project, Chelly Jamel , Mandel Jean-Louis , Borgatti Renato , Piton Amélie , Kinnear Craig , Loos Ben , Adams David J. , Hérault Yann , Collins Stephan C. , Friant Sylvie , Godin Juliette D. , Yalcin Binnaz , Vancollie Valerie E. , Anthony Lauren F. E. , Maguire Simon A. , Lafont David , Pearson Selina A. , Gates Amy S. , Sanderson Mark , Shannon Carl , Sumowski Maksymilian T. , McLaren-Jones Robbie S. B. , Swiatkowska Agnieszka , Isherwood Christopher M. , Cambridge Emma L. , Wilson Heather M. , Caetano Susana S. , Maguire Anna Karin B. , Galli Antonella , Speak Anneliese O. , Dench Joshua , Tuck Elizabeth , Estabel Jeanne , Green Angela , Tudor Catherine , Siragher Emma , Dabrowska Monika , Mazzeo Cecilia Icoresi , Hooks Yvette , Kussy Fiona , Griffiths Mark , Gannon David , Doe Brendan , Boroviak Katharina , Wardle-Jones Hannah , Griggs Nicola , Bottomley Joanna , Ryder Ed , Gleeson Diane , White Jacqueline K. , Ramirez-Solis Ramiro , Lelliott Christopher J.
Published: October 2017

Significance

We present an identification of the relevance of WD40-repeat (WDR) genes in brain connectivity, highlighting the power of unbiased mouse studies in the field of neuroscience. We focus on the poorly studied WDR47 protein sharing structural homology with LIS1, which causes lissencephaly. WDR47 plays a role in progenitor proliferation, neuronal migration, and fiber tract projections in a similar fashion to LIS1 but with the distinctive particularity that WDR47 inhibits autophagic flux. This provides a functional link between autophagy biology and the C-terminal to LisH domain in mammals. Importantly, WDR47 uncovers an aspect of corpus callosum biology pointing toward a link between the regulation of microtubule dynamics and autophagic flux for axonal outgrowth and guidance.
Remnants of Zoroastrian Dari in the Colophons and Sālmargs of Iranian Avestan Manuscripts
Authors: Gholami Saloumeh
Published: October 2017

Zoroastrian Dari, also known as Behdini or Gavruni, is an endangered Iranian language spoken by the Zoroastrian minority who mostly live in Yazd and the surrounding areas as well as in Kerman and Tehran. Zoroastrian Dari is a unique Iranian language on account of its historical background and large number of subdialects. This language is only a spoken language and not a written one, but it seems that remnants of this language are attested in the Avestan manuscripts, particularly in the colophons. This paper provides a study of the existence of Zoroastrian Dari in the personal names in the colophons and Sālmargs of the Avestan manuscripts.