bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Emotions and Circumstances in Moral Judgments
Authors: Yudina T.O.
Published: October 2021

Objective. To study the variety of the moral luck demonstration depending on the level of the agent’s degree of control, personal condemnation of the agent, emotional resonance and compassion to the agent, circumstances and the harm degree of the outcome.
Background. Modern theoretic approaches explain the moral luck phenomenon as a coincidence or a mistake but do not explain the variety of its demonstration.
Design. Within five situations there were varied the level of control, circumstances, personal characteristics and the harm degree. After each situation we offered the five categories of questions: emotions towards the agent, emotions towards the result, punishment, moral judgement, personal condemnation of the agent, emotional resonance and compassion to the agent. Testing the relations of the variables by means of contingency tables.
Subjects. 54 subjects (male 28), age from 18 to 45.
Methods. Author’s five moral vignettes with questionnaire containing five categories of questions after each of the situation.
Results. Punishment depends on the level of control, circumstances and the outcome. Negative mixed emotions related to punishment without regard of the harm degree. The emotions, personal condemnation and moral judgment related to the agent’s level of control. Compassion can be demonstrated notwithstanding the punishments and condemnation.
Conclusions. Punishment judgment is the mental system which flexibility is provided by the attitude to punish in the case of bad behavior, the variety and intensity of negative emotions towards the agent or the outcome, the agent’s level of control.
Francisco Bilbao Barquín (1823-1865): promotor de una cultura constitucional democrática e igualitaria
Authors: Palma González Eric Eduardo
Published: October 2021

La investigación aporta al conocimiento del pensamiento del chileno americanista Francisco Bilbao Barquín (1823-1865), en particular a la caracterización de su ideario constitucional que tiene escaso desarrollo. Procuramos salvar este vacío analizando las ideas del autor en relación con el ideario de los grupos políticos chilenos pelucón y pipiolo, concluyendo que se trata de una concepción con identidad propia que recibe influencia europea, particularmente francesa y polaca. Bilbao elaboró una propuesta abiertamente opuesta a la Constitución chilena de 1833. Sostendremos que promovió un constitucionalismo democrático e igualitario que difundió en la sociedad chilena, peruana y argentina.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 27/05/2020
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 8/07/2020
Por todos los medios. Subversión y golpe de fuerza en la contrarrevolución. Las experiencias de Georges Valois (1906 – 1928)
Authors: Pubill Brugués Joan
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo pretende analizar la noción de golpe de fuerza que tenía contrarrevolución francesa en el primer tercio de siglo XX. A través de las numerosas tentativas subversivas de Georges Valois, uno de los modeladores de la cultura política contrarrevolucionaria, se puede observar cómo las expresiones agresivas y las concepciones golpistas inherentes al ethos subversivo de la contrarrevolución no estaban reñidas con una táctica hacia el poder que contemplase procedimientos legales. Contrariamente a lo que se piensa, la praxis política de las principales fuerzas del momento, la Action Française, el Faisceau y las Jeunesses Patriotes, ponen de relieve que el asalto al poder podía ejecutarse “por todos los medios”, no necesariamente los violentos.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 28/10/2020
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 14/12/2020
A synchronous analysis of the concept of Coordinating Power
Authors: Allysson Allysson Eduardo Botelho de Oliveira , Dias Alves Adamo
Published: October 2021

The present work’s purpose is to carry out a synchronous analysis of the concept of Coordinating Power, that is an institution created by Alberto Torres in his project of constitutional reform, published in 1914, and which consists in a fourth State power responsible for coordinating and supervising of the political system as a whole. To perform the research, we adopted as methodology the History of Concepts, criated by Reinhart Koselleck, in order to investigate the changes and the permanences of the meanings that a concept can harbor throughout his history. At the end, the Coordinating Power was classified as a engaged concept and as a concept of pure expectation, since it didn’t refer to a concrete experience, but it had as a purpose to operate changes in the reality.
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 28/01/2021
Fecha de aceptación / Acceptance date: 13/04/2021
Carl Schmitts „Grossraumlehre" im kontext des nationalsozialismus
Authors: Techet Peter
Published: October 2021

The debates on how Europe can be organized as a unity took place in the National Socialist Germany too. The aim at that time was to unite Europe under German hegemony – as a “large space” around a German empire. Carl Schmitt provided with his “Großraumlehre” one of the best-known theories of a National Socialist Europe. Carl Schmitt developed his theory against the possibility of “world law” as well against state sovereignty. In this paper, the “Großraumlehre” will be analysed, on the one hand, in the context of Schmitt's anti-universalistic and anti-pluralistic legal theory as an alternative to the universalistic and pluralistic legal theory of Hans Kelsen. (I.) On the other hand, Schmitt's theory will be linked to other – clearly racist – National Socialist European plans. (II.) At the end of this paper, I also address the question of whether and why Schmitt's theory – despite the context in which it came out – could remain compatible with today's debates on Europe and global politics. (Ausblick)
Enviado el (Submission Date): 07/02/2021
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 16/04/2021
Mito de la conspiración paneuropea: desde el Trienio Liberal hasta el levantamiento decembrista
Authors: Belousov Mikhail , Abdullaev Yasyn
Published: October 2021

El artículo analiza la aparición en el pensamiento político del emperador ruso y altos dirigentes bajo la influencia de Metternich del mito de la conspiración paneuropea de las organizaciones clandestinas. Esta concepción encontró su aprobación concreta en los informes de los diplomáticos rusos sobre los sucesos del Trienio liberal español. Mediante el análisis discursivo se lleva al cabo el estudio del mimetismo del mito: se exponen sus conceptos básicos, las articulaciones que los confirman sobre el levantamiento de Riego, así como las particularidades de su transformación y adaptación a las condiciones rusas, o sea, a la crisis política de 1825. Se estudian los estereotipos clave transmitidos por el Ministro de Exterior de Rusia al representante del país que habían sufrido antes de la conspiración europea, embajador español M. Páez de la Cadena. Se muestra que una serie de tópicos del mito fueron adaptados de acuerdo con los temas más preocupantes para el poder ruso.
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 28/03/2021
Fecha de aceptación / Acceptance date: 29/04/2021
Primeros pasos del constitucionalismo colombiano 1810-1815 Las Constituciones provinciales.
Authors: Amaya León Wilman
Published: October 2021

El proceso de formación constitucional en los Estados modernos tuvo dentro de sus características propias el hecho de ser diferente entre uno y otro Estado. Por más vecinos que fueran, siguieron una senda constitucional distinta; uno fue el derrotero seguido por los ingleses, otro el de los franceses y lógicamente en nada habría de parecerse el de las colonias de Norteamérica. La Nueva Granada no fue la excepción, su proceso constitucional fue distinto a los demás, tras romper los nexos que los unían a la madre patria los neogranadinos siguieron rutas distintas; cada provincia del Virreynato adoptó medidas diversas a las tomadas por las demás, ninguna siguió los lineamientos de la Junta que quiso ser suprema en Santafé, al contrario se opusieron a las determinaciones que se tomaron en la Capital; las marcadas diferencias regionales y las distancias que para la época se acentuaban por la falta de caminos adecuados.
Estas circunstancias marcaron el sendero de formación constitucional en la antigua Nueva Granda hoy Republica de Colombia, en sus inicios la idea de república o de una nación unida estuvo muy distante; al contrario, cada Provincia se organizó como bien dispuso, permitiendo de esta manera que aparecieran en el universo regional, un grupo de constituciones provinciales que fueron el origen del Constitucionalismo colombiano y que habría de convertirse en su sello particular.
Enviado el / Submission date: 20/02/2021
Aceptado el / Acceptance date: 16/04/2021
El libre uso de la palabra: la libertad de imprenta en la Centroamérica constitucional, 1810-1821
Authors: Herrera Mena Sajid Alfredo
Published: October 2021

Este ensayo analiza las condicionantes político-legales que los centroamericanos tuvieron para expresar sus ideas en los dos períodos constitucionales (1810-1814; 1820-1821). Para ello, se enfatizará en el importante papel que jugó el decreto y Reglamento sobre libertad de imprenta de 1810. Durante aquellos años, los centroamericanos reflexionaron sobre la libertad de imprenta como un derecho y experimentaron la censura absolutista; sortearon su aparente peligrosidad en una coyuntura de guerra en contra de los franceses y ante las voces disidentes e insurgentes. Asimismo, a través de la prensa escrita, fiscalizaron a las autoridades electas en nombre de la opinión pública.
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 23/04/2021
Fecha de aceptación / Acceptance date: 4/05/2021
Los Hijos del Guayas en busca de la libertad. Análisis historiográfico sobre el protagonismo socio-étnico en la Independencia de Guayaquil según los textos escolares de Historia (1915-2015)
Authors: Silva Guijarro Víctor H.
Published: October 2021

El presente trabajo consiste en un análisis historiográfico sobre el protagonismo que tuvieron los distintos grupos socio-étnicos en la Independencia de Guayaquil según los textos escolares de Historia publicados entre 1915 y 2015. Se han utilizado como fuentes historiográficas los textos escolares de Historia, debido a que desde el siglo XX las políticas educativas ecuatorianas los han utilizado como instrumentos ideológicos para llevar a cabo la construcción de una identidad nacional común cimentada a partir de los presupuestos de la Historia Patria del siglo XIX. El empleo de la enseñanza de la Historia a través de los textos escolares para consolidar esa identidad nacional del siglo XIX se hace patente en el análisis sobre el protagonismo socio-étnico en la Independencia, donde dichos textos explican este acontecimiento como un proyecto de construcción nacional dirigido por las élites criollas cuyo supuesto objetivo principal era liberar a todos los “guayaquileños” de una presunta opresión monárquica ejercida por un enemigo extranjero: el “español”. Pese a que hay autores que han manifestado que indígenas, negros, mestizos, zambos, pardos, mulatos, obtuvieron pocos beneficios de la Independencia, todos los textos escolares no dudan en confirmar que gracias a la gesta libertadora emprendida por las élites criollas de Guayaquil, el Ecuador pudo ser libre.
Enviado el (Submission Date): 23/04/2021
Aceptado el (Acceptance Date): 4/05/2021
El movimiento constitucionalista en Cusco, 1809-1812
Authors: Najarro Espinoza Margareth
Published: October 2021

Este trabajo busca examinar los sucesos ocurridos en Cusco en el contexto de crisis política provocado por la invasión napoleónica a España. Se trata de entender, la etapa previa al arribo de la Constitución de 1812 al Cusco, para examinar la situación que se vivió  en ese periodo de cambios trascendentales. Finalmente, se busca analizar el impacto que tuvo la Constitución doceañista al interior de la sociedad cusqueña, los conflictos que generó y la forma en que distintos actores políticos confluyeron en un mismo espacio y en un contexto de profundas transformaciones políticas y sociales.
Fecha de envío / Submission date: 12/04/2021        
Fecha de aceptación / Acceptance date: 5/05/2021
Digital Impacts on Sociopolitical Relations: Problems, Trends, and Prospects
Authors: Gaivoronskaya Yana V. , Petrova Daria A.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study is to find evidence of the digital transformation of sociopolitical relations in Russia, and to catalog the emerging trends and problems therewith. Consequent to the study, two main conclusions were drawn. Firstly, not all processes at the current stage of Russian digitalization can be considered trends of digital transformationthe latter are in their early days. Secondly, it is possible to stop the accretion of negative trends currently affecting the digital transformation of public relations. For this, it is necessary to apply the full potential of scientific forecasting methods, and the efforts of the scientific community should be directed toward this end.
Factors of Formation of Tax Behavior and Tax Culture at the National Level
Authors: Seliutina Tatiana S.
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to issues of national tax system effectiveness and overcoming existing problems with it. Under the current conditions, taxes are the integral lever of government influence on the countrys market economy. As a result, the level of development of the national economy and the conditions in its social sphere are directly influenced by the state of the tax system. The author considers it possible to ascertain the efficiency of the tax system in the broadest sense, namely as an aggregate level of achievement, by its goals. Those goals are set in accordance with the functions of taxation. However, when they are realized, significant disparities and even narrowed interpretations of functions arise. As a result, the existing tax system is flawed and unable to achieve high operational efficiency. As one of the most important problems, the author singles out the problem of incomplete fiscal performance due to insufficient tax discipline arising from a low level of tax culture. The author offers a proprietary interpretation of the factors influencing the specific actions of tax decision makers. From the point of view of tax culture, they are divided into factions that make up the tax culture, factions formed and determined by the prevailing tax culture, and others developed under the influence of alternate circumstances. The author considers the most complete and logical understanding of tax culture to be the level of citizen awareness of the importance of taxes as a source of financing the existence of the state and the performance of its functions. With this interpretation, it is justified to assume that citizens compare the degree of decline in their levels and quality of life due to their taxes, and increases in the quality of their lives by means of the implementation of social and other public functions. The prevalence of the latter leads to increased tax disciplineand the former to its decrease. Although these assessments are always subjective, they can serve as bases for the formation of objective directions for improving the activities of tax authorities and educational institutions and, by extension, the tax discipline of citizens and the business community. The effects are economically measurable and long-term.
Epstein frame investigation on soft magnetic properties of Fe-based amorphous strips
Authors: Xing Yanxing , Zhou Shaoxiong , Chen Wenzhi , Dong Bangshao , Dong Yaqiang , Wang Jian
Published: October 2021

Fe-based amorphous strip (AM strip) is a core material for high-efficiency distribution transformers and contributes to saving energy loss in electricity distribution. The core loss and apparent power for 2605SA1 amorphous strips at power frequency are studied using the Epstein frame
method. Longitudinal magnetic field annealing and the influence of measuring modes on test results are investigated in detail. Improved test efficiency and higher accuracy in test results for amorphous ribbons are demonstrated and it is found that the number of strips and the lap joint methods
affect the test results greatly. The waveform of the secondary induction voltage becomes sinusoidal with the increase of strip number. The values of core loss and apparent power become stable once the total number of strips is larger than 20. The coefficient of eddy current loss (e) also affects
the correction of testing core losses. The test results could be improved at a smaller value of e when the waveform of the secondary induction voltage becomes deformed from sinusoidal due to a lower number of strips (below 20). The measured results were found to be reproducible when the strip
number of each layer was one or two. However, the core loss and the apparent power increased along with the increase in the number of strips in each layer. Moreover, demagnetisation showed no effects on the test results when using the Epstein frame method.
DECODING BODY AND SEX SIGNS IN LITERATURE
Authors: Le Tra My
Published: October 2021

Body is a kind of artistic signs in literary work. Body and sexuality become interests to many researchers. The body in behaviors of sexual intercourse has turn to artistic “codes,”which includes numerous layers of meanings. Existed as type of signs, the body and sexuality are not represented as sexual titillation or shocking images in its semiosphere networ. These signs create the meaning layers in depth. Basing on a comparison with historical and cultural codes, this article carries out to decode signs of the body and sexuality showed in some contemporary literary works.
AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR AND EFFECTIVE PREVENTION PROGRAMS FOR AGGRESSIVE CHILDREN IN AMERICA AND THE UNITED KINGDOM - SOME SUGGESSTIONS FOR VIET NAM
Authors: Bui Thi Thu Huyen
Published: October 2021

This paper presents comprehensive literature review on aggressive behaviour, including definition, classifications, theories, development and causes of aggressive behaviour in children. By reviewing and evaluating some prevention programs for aggressive behaviour that have been used mainly in America and in the United Kingdom, this paper, then, proposes four suggestions for developing and implementing suitable prevention program for aggressive children in a Vietnam school context.
MANAGEMENT AND AGRICULTURAL LAND USES OF THAI PEOPLE IN THE WEST OF NGHE AN PROVINCE, VIETNAMq
Authors: Tran Thi Tuyen , Hoang Phan Hai Yen , Nguyen Thi Trang Thanh
Published: October 2021

This paper presents the finding the characteristics of management and agricultural land uses of Thai people in agricultural production. The impact of these characteristics on sustainable development was analysised by the strengths, weakness, opportunities, threats in order to storage and promote these values in the sustainable agriculture development on sloping land in the west of Nghe An province, Vietnam. This study used Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method to collect primary materials through interviews 210 households and stakeholders at area study by main semi-structured interviewing (SSI) and Venn diagram and SWOT tools to analysis. The research revealed that Thai acquired a lot of experience in farming on sloping that play an important role in sustainable agricultural development, such as the land management, cultivation on upland (classify the field, technique of cultivation on upland, fertilizer, land “retirement”, domesticating native plants, etc.). Beside the strengths, these traditional cultivation is facing many obstacles, in which, knowledge loss gradually, even in danger of disappearing in this area is the biggest threat. Otherwise, base on the opportunities, some solutions was suggested to store, apply and manage the indigenous knowledge (IK) for sustainable agricultural in the west Nghe An province.
THE LABOUR FORCE FOR DEVERLOPING THE TOURISM IN NGHE AN PROVINCE, VIETNAM
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hoai
Published: October 2021

The article focuses on analyzing the status of tourism labour force in Nghe An province in terms of quantity and quality, level of responsiveness of labour for the development of tourism and forecasting for labour needs of the province in the context of tourism development in Vietnam. Based on that, appropriate solutions are proposed to meet tourism development demand in Nghe An province in the future.
ELECTRONICS INFORMATICS - KEY INDUSTRY OF THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE
Authors: Nghiem Van Long
Published: October 2021

Thai Nguyen is a major economic, political, cultural and social center of the Northern Midland and Mountainous Areas. Geographical location, natural and socioeconomic conditions of the province are very favorable for the development of the industry, in recent years, along with positive changes in the development policy, attracting capital The electronics-informatics industry has seen a very strong growth, and is now the most important industry in the province. In the future, in order to further promote the development of this industry, improve the quality and efficiency of production, we need to synchronously implement positive solutions to meet the requirements of development.
Productivity Growth and Local Content Requirement of the Manufacturing Industry in Banten Province
Authors: Yusuf Diasitta , Firdaus Muhammad , Asmara Alla
Published: October 2021

Productivity growth needs to be optimized not only to produce quality products, increase exports, and reduce dependence on imports but also to support the performance of the manufacturing sector. This study aims to determine the manufacturing industry map in Banten Province, measure manufacturing industry productivity growth, and analyze the effect of Local Content Requirement (LCR) on manufacturing industry productivity growth from 2005 to 2017 by employing the use of K-Means cluster and panel data regression analysis. For this purpose, Total Factor Productivity (TFP) is the indicator used to measure productivity growth. The LCR is known as the percentage of local raw and auxiliary materials used in the production process. According to K-Means cluster analysis results, industrial companies are grouped into three clusters with different characteristics. The result of panel data regression analysis shows that the TFP of all manufacturing industry sub-sectors has increased and was influenced by LCR, total production, domestic investment, import, and provincial minimum wage. As a result, the government should integrate the LCR and other policies, such as the Indonesian National Standard, to increase productivity growth.
Perancangan Desintegration Tester Dilengkapi Sistem Pembuangan Air
Authors: Riandani Riska , Kartika Wisnu , Supriyadi Kuat
Published: October 2021

Dalam pengujian tablet memebutuhkan beberapa tahapan untuk memenuhi kriteria tablet yang standart, antara lain:  (1) uji keseragaman sediaan;  (2) uji keseragaman ukuran;  (3) uji kerenggasan; (4) uji kekerasan; (5) penetapan kadar; (6) uji waktu hancur. Desintegration tester adalah alat laboratorium farmasi yang digunakan untuk menguji waktu hancur pada tablet. Tablet memenuhi standar jika tablet mampu hancur dalam suhu tubuh manusia yaitu 37º C dengan waktu kurang dari 15 menit. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian mencelupkan obat ke dalam air dengan waktu kurang lebih ±20 kali dalam satu menit. Menggunakan waktu 15 menit untuk sekali percobaan dengan menggunakan tiga obat  yang sama pada satu percobaan. Setelah proses selesai user menekan tombol saklar untu proses pembuangan air. Menggunakan sampel obat paracetamol dan CTM yang di larutkan menggunakan alat desintegration tester. Berdasarkan hasil akhir acuan diatas maka penulis membuat rancangan  desintegration tester  yang sistem bekerja secara otomatis. Pada alat ini terdapat hasil berupa kelarutan obat pada chamber dengan hasil yang dijadikan patokan adalah waktu hancur obat tersebut.
Monitoring Suhu Tubuh dengan Output Suara Berbasis ESP-32CAM
Authors: Kuspranoto Abdul Haris , Sinaga Frada Oktaruli
Published: October 2021

Pada masa pandemik sekarang ini, pemerintah Indonesia menerbitkan kebijakan tentang protokol kesehatan (prokes) untuk mencegah semakin meluasnya dampak pandemik. Salah satu prokes yang harus dilakukan adalah pengukuran/pemeriksaan suhu tubuh. Umumnya ditempat keramaian pengukuran suhu tubuh menggunakan thermometer gun dan membutuhkan operator untuk mengoperasikannya sehingga dinilai cukup rawan penularan dari orang yang terjangkit kepada operator atau sebaliknya.  mengurangi penularan tersebut, perlu dikembangkan sebuah thermometer jenis gun berbasis infra red yang menggunakan sensor  MLX90614. Dalam penelitian ini telah dirancang sebuah alat yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur suhu manusia dengan nilai pembacaan yang akurat menggunakan sensor MLX90614 yang dipadukan dengan ESP32-CAM serta LCD TFT. Hasil rata-rata pengukuran pada jarak 3 cm mempunyai galat sebesar 0,58%, hasil rerata pengukuran pada jarak 5 cm mempunyai galat sebesar 1,62%, hasil rerata pengukuran pada jarak 7 cm mempunyai galat sebesar 1,67%, hasil rerata pengukuran pada jarak 9 cm mempunyai galat sebesar 2,33%, hasil rerata pengukuran pada jarak 11 cm mempunyai galat sebesar 2,44%, hasil rerata pengukuran pada jarak 13 cm mempunyai galat sebesar 2,64%, dan hasil rerata pengukuran pada jarak 15 cm mempunyai galat sebesar 2,83%. Dari sistem ini diketahui bahwa semakin jauh jarak pengukuran maka akan semakin besar nilai galatnya. Dilihat dari hasil galat yang didapatkan maka sistem yang dibuat cukup akurat dalam melakukan pengukuran suhu manusia.
Perinatal depression – An update
Authors: Coumary A Sendhil , Vimalanathane P , Raman Lavanya , John Lopamudra B , Habeebullah Syed
Published: October 2021

Motherhood is challenging both physically and emotionally. Depression and anxiety are common women. Perinatal depression is a major depressive episode happening during or after the pregnancy. It is very often ignored leading to a negative impact on the quality of life of the woman, child and the partner. Obstetricians need to be alert and be aware of the associated risk factors and how to screen for perinatal depression. Undiagnosed or untreated perinatal depression can lead to devastating complications both in the mother and the child. Cognitive behavioural therapy and medications are to be prescribed considering the risks to the mother and the unborn child.
Our seven years experience of rural cervical cancer screening in Lucknow, India
Authors: Misra Jata Shanker , Srivastava Anand Narain , Singh Shivani
Published: October 2021

This study was undertaken with aim to create awareness among rural women regarding hazards and risk factors of carcinoma cervix and offering single life time cytological screening for early detection of the disease. This was essential as majority of the rural women were illiterate and have poor personal genital hygiene.

The present screening program was planned through organizing camps by counseling and motivating 100 women from each village for undergoing Pap smear examination. During last 7 years, a total of 186 camps have been organized in three Blocks of Lucknow, India and 2949 of the 5286 women attending the camps underwent Pap test. Cytological findings were analyzed in these 2949 women in relation to different risk factors of the disease.

The squamous intraepithelial lesions of cervix (SIL) were seen in 498 cases (16.8%) while atypical squamous epithelial changes of unknown significance (ASCUS) were observed in only 234 (8.2%). The SIL incidence was found high for all risk factors of cervical cancer like young age, multiparity and vaginal discharge. Candida albicans was found more common and associated with inflammatory and SIL conditions of cervix.

The organization of rural cervical cancer screening programs through camp approach and offering single life time cytological examination of cervical smears in rural women may prove very effective in the detection of large number of SIL cases, the adequate treatment of which will check the progression of the disease and minimize the incidence of carcinoma cervix and associated mortality in rural India.
Prevalence of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies in the first trimester pregnancy and its impact on maternal and fetal outcomes in a tertiary care centre in Bangalore
Authors: H S Shruthi , Arunkumar Nalini , Patil Ravi N
Published: October 2021

: Hypothyroidism during pregnancy has an adverse effect on both mother and child. The maternal and foetal risk is higher in TPOAb (Thyroid peroxidase antibody) positive women compared to women with negative TPO Ab. The recent ATA (American Thyroid Association) guidelines recommend that pregnant women with TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) concentration above 2.5mU/L should be evaluated for TPOAb status and LT4(levothyroxine) treatment should be considered with TSH values between 2.5mU/L and 4.0mU/L only when TPOAb status is positive.

: All the pregnant women booked in first trimester underwent testing for TSH levels and subsequently for anti TPO Ab if TSH levels were between 2.5-4 mIU/ml. The hospital based prevalence of women with anti TPO Ab positive status was determined. These pregnancies were followed till term and the maternal and foetal complications associated with TPO Ab positive and negative status were compared.

Total of 400 pregnant women were included. The hospital prevalence of women with anti TPO antibodies in first trimester of pregnancy with TSH values between 2.5- 4 mIU/ml was found to be 23.5%. Anti TPO antibody positive status was significantly more associated with antenatal complications especially GDM and IUGR as compared to patients with anti TPO antibody negative status (47.8% v/s 23.2%, p value 0.001).

: Women with TPO Ab positive status are to be vigilantly monitored for early detection and management of various antenatal complications. Determining anti TPO Ab status helps in avoiding unnecessary treatment of the women with TPO Ab negative status and TSH between 2.5-4mIU/ml.
Effect of metformin in treating polycystic ovarian syndrome among women attending a tertiary care setting -A prospective observational study
Authors: Mondal Suresh Chandra , Sarkar Pinaki
Published: October 2021

To determine the efficacy of metformin on clinical profile and metabolic disorders in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Polycystic ovarian syndrome, is a heterogeneous endocrinological disorder affecting women of reproductive age and metformin was introduced to influence the pathogenesis.

: A prospective observational study was conducted on 100 women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, attending department of gynaecology in a tertiary care setting and were divided into two group of 50 each. Metformin was used in 50 patients for one year. Rest 50 patients were advised about diet control and exercise. The parameters like body mass index (BMI), weight, hormonal imbalance, ovulation, and menstrual changes were analysed in both groups. Descriptive statistics for mean, SD were carried and chi-square test was used to test statistical significance using coGuide version V.1.0 and p value set at < 0.05.

: The mean age was 25±10 years. Both the groups were comparable with respect to BMI and weight. There was a significant difference between the groups with respect to fasting insulin, which reduced to 7.44±1.12 from 11.97±2mIU/ml, testosterone levels reduced to 0.59±0.1 from 0.76±0.3 mIU/ml, luteinizing hormone levels reduced to 8.55±2 from 20.01±7.3 mIU/ml, and LH:FSH ratio reduced to 1.11±0.1 from 2.31±0.2 mIU/ml. In the metformin group, 22 (44%) participants were anovulation before treatment, and ovulation started in 15 (30%) after treatment which was not seen other group.

Clinical, hormonal, and biochemical changes in polycystic ovarian syndrome may effectively be treated by metformin.
A cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitude and practice towards contraception among medical students in a tertiary care center of coastal Karnataka, India
Authors: Inukollu Pranadeep Reddy , Solipuram Divya , Sunny Anna , Kothagadi Aravind , Pandey Deeksha
Published: October 2021

High rates of unplanned pregnancies are due to continued gaps in awareness and access to contraception. An exemplary health care infrastructure would play a major role in resolving this issue.

To investigate knowledge, attitude and practice towards contraception among medical students in a tertiary care center of Karnataka.

A cross-sectional study was conducted including 100 undergraduate medical students during September 2018 to February 2019 using predesigned questionnaire on contraception and analyzed using percentages.

Nearly 93% of students chose condom as best way to prevent sexually transmitted infections and 47% chose emergency contraceptive pills as risk factor for ectopic pregnancy. Failure rates of natural methods was 20-25% according to 33% of the students. Majority of participants believed that both sexes have equal responsibility for contraception and chose intrauterine contraceptive devices as best contraception for nulliparous women. Oral contraceptive pills had least failure rates as per 70% of the subjects compared to diaphragm, condom or natural methods. Irregular bleeding was considered as most common side effect of oral contraceptives by half of participants while 91% thought condoms were best for couples who were not regularly sexually active. Around 84% of undergraduates preferred to consult a doctor for contraceptive advice and were comfortable discussing contraception with partner.

Overall, students had reasonably good knowledge on contraception. Similar studies in future would pave the way for upgrading current health curriculum to strengthen knowledge base of future clinicians.
Prevalence of common urogenital infections among menstrual cup users
Authors: Ghanshamnani Lata , Adithyan Ambily , Saharan Sandhya , Pikale Sangeeta
Published: October 2021

There has been an increased awareness among girls and women in India, especially from middle and higher income group on menstrual cup, due to health or environmental reasons. Use of various sanitary products during menstruation can impact menstrual health with incidence of urogenital infection like rashes, irritation etc. being common among women.

To determine prevalence of symptoms related to urogenital infections before and after switching to menstrual cups.

In this retrospective self-reported study, females using menstrual cup were administered a questionnaire consisting of questions related to symptoms of urogenital infections in their lifetime.

A total of 301 menstrual cup users were included in this study. The most common symptom reported by the respondents included rashes (48%), itching (48%), abdominal pain (40%.), foul smelling white discharge (22%), excessive white discharge (20.6%) and burning sensation while passing urine (15%). The prevalence of the symptoms was lower after switching to menstrual cups. Among the most common symptoms, 92% women were relieved from rashes, 79% from symptoms of itching and 42% from abdominal pain. Approximately, 1-5% women reported symptoms only after switching to menstrual cups.

The results demonstrate lower prevalence of symptoms of urogenital infections among women when compared to their previously used menstrual product. Symptoms of urogenital infections did not affect the acceptance and continuance of menstrual cups usage. Additional clinical studies will be required to compare changes in occurrence of symptoms post switching to menstrual cups and develop linkage between these symptoms with usage of menstrual cup.
Placenta thickness: A sonographic index for foetal gestational age estimation
Authors: Jinadu Faosat O , Nelson-Paseda Adedolapo O , A Ottun Tawaqualit , Olumodeji Ayokunle M
Published: October 2021

A healthy placenta is crucial for foetal well-being, growth and development and neonatal survival. Foetal sonographic biometric parameters are crucial in obstetric decision making.

This study correlated placenta thickness with foetal biometry in the estimation of gestational age (EGA) and estimated foetal weight (EFW).

This was a prospective cross-sectional study in which 400 healthy pregnant women at gestational ages of 13 to 37 weeks, who attended antenatal clinic at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, were consecutively recruited. Obstetric ultrasound (USS) was performed to assess placenta thickness (PT), USS EGA and EFW in each study participant. Correlation of these parameters was done using Pearson’s correlation. A regression equation used to assess the relationship between PT and EGA was determined using linear regression analysis at confidence interval of 95% and p-value<0.05.

The mean age of the women studied was 30.8±4.8 years. The mean PT ranged from 14.50±0.71 mm at 14 weeks to 36.58±1.54 mm at 37 weeks (wks). There was strong positive correlation between PT and USS EGA (r=0.968, p=0.000). A significant positive correlation was also noted between PT and EFW (r=0.900, p=0.000). There was no correlation between PT and maternal characteristics such as parity(r=-0.015, p=0.772) or maternal age(r=0.018, p=0.720).

Ultrasound determined placenta thickness correlated linearly and positively with estimated gestational age and foetal weight. A regression equation of estimated PT was derived as follows; PT(mm) = 1.011 EGA (wks) – 0.663.

Ultrasound determined placenta thickness correlates linearly and positively with estimated gestational age and foetal weight.
To evaluate the tests of antepartum fetal surveillance for predicting adverse perinatal outcome in pregnancy with IUGR
Authors: Babu Mahesh , H U Bhavya , Sundar S Shyam
Published: October 2021

IUGR is one of the most common pregnancy complications which substantially increase risk of adverse neonatal outcome. The sequelae of IUGR include stillbirth, neuro-developmental delay in childhood and high risk of diseases like hypertension, diabetes in adulthood. Therefore, IUGR in pregnancy warrants intensive antepartum fetal surveillance to ensure optimal perinatal outcome.

To evaluate the tests of antepartum fetal surveillance like AFI, BPS and Doppler ultrasound, alone and in combination for predicting adverse perinatal outcome in pregnancy with IUGR.

This was a prospective observational study done on 100 pregnant IUGR women > 34weeks of gestation, at a tertiary care centre in Karnataka, from June 2017 till December 2018. They were monitored by tests of fetal surveillance like Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI), Bio Physical score (BPS) and Doppler ultrasound. Tests done within 48 hours before labour and its relation to perinatal outcome were assessed. Continuous data such as age, height, weight were described by mean and standard deviation. The sensitivity specificity, positive and negative predictive value were calculated for each test.

The statistical difference between the normal and abnormal tests of antepartum fetal surveillance in relation to perinatal outcome was significant. Diagnostic accuracy of Doppler was 67%, BPS and AFI was 69%. In case of combination of findings of BPS and Doppler, the accuracy rose to 75%.

Biophysical profile was most reliable diagnostic method than Doppler in predicting adverse outcome. Sensitivity increased when BPS and Doppler was combined which is beneficial in predicting perinatal outcome.
Comparison of various regimens of itraconazole in treatment of acute vulvovaginal candidiasis
Authors: Dhoot Dhiraj , Prabhat Piyush , Mayadeo Lalita , Mahajan Harshal
Published: October 2021

One of the most striking change in the current scenario is the increasing occurrence of non-albicans vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), which is considered as the major cause of recurrence, relapse and chronic VVC in India. In the present study we evaluated the effectiveness of three different regimens of itraconazole in the treatment of acute VVC.

The present randomised, three arm comparative clinical study involved 123 women aged 18 years or above with symptomatic acute VVC. These patients were randomised (41 patients in each group) to receive either itraconazole 200 mg twice daily for 1 day (group I), 200 mg twice daily for 2 days (group II) or 100 mg twice daily for 3 days (group III). Effectiveness was evaluated on the basis of clinical cure (total symptom score), mycological cure (negative KOH test).

All the groups were effective in relieving signs and symptoms (p<0.05), but on comparison between all groups, there was statistical difference between Group II and Group I & III (p<0.05) and Group III & I (p<0.05). Complete cure i.e. disappearance of signs and symptoms and negative KOH test was maximum in group II (44%) as compared to groups I (12%) and III (17% of the patients). Relapse was least in seen in 11 patients (27%) in Group I, 3 patients (7%) in Group II and 7 patients (17%) in Group III. All the 3 regimens were well tolerated.

In the present study, 2 day high dose itraconazole therapy was found to have better effectiveness compared to conventional regimens. Longer duration of therapy might be required to attain even better cure rates, especially when the incidence of Non Albicans vulvovaginal candidiasis is rising in all parts of the country.
Laparoscopic metroplasty for bicornuate uterus – A case report
Authors: Subburaj Lakshmi , Rajkumar K
Published: October 2021

Bicornuate uterus is a type of mullerian duct anomaly which is responsible for recurrent spontaneous first trimester abortions. They are best managed surgically using Strassman’s metroplasty. We present a case of recurrent spontaneous abortions which was diagnosed as bicornuate uterus. We performed a laparoscopic metroplasty which was successful and did not encounter complications like adhesions or hemorrhage. The advantages of laparoscopic metroplasty outweighs the challenges in restoring fertility status to women with mullerian duct anomalies.
Can a Budget Recording Tool Teach Financial Skills to Youth?: Experimental Evidence from a Financial Diaries Study
Authors: Frisancho Verónica , Herrera Alejandro , Prina Silvia
Published: October 2021

We study the impact of a mobile app to record daily financial transactions, coupled with enumerator monitoring visits every two weeks, on youths' investment in financial literacy and financial behavior. The treatment led to a positive and statistically significant effect on financial literacy scores and greater awareness of market prices. Youth in the treatment group experienced significant improvements in access to credit. These effects persist eight months after the intervention is over.
Amazon Creative Labs of the Cupuaçu-Cocoa Chain
Authors: Nobre Ismael , Margit Andrea , Nobre Carlos A. , Koch-Weser Maritta , Veríssimo Adalberto , Neto Ailton Fabrício
Published: October 2021

Under the Amazon Third Way paradigm and its implementation strategy Amazon 4.0 the Amazon Creative Labs (ACL) were conceived, as a tool for training and for testing proposed concepts. Amazon 4.0 is an attempt to show that it is possible to achieve a stage of high human development combined with valuing of tropical forest through knowledge. This study demonstrates how to add value to value chains of the immense Amazon biodiversity and how to enable Amazonian populations to master bio-industrialization technologies of forest assets. The following example deals with the potential to develop bio-industries in the value chain of two forest products with high potential: cupuaçu and cocoa through the development of the so-called ACL. This will serve as an important experiment to guide several proposals being elaborated by the Scientific Panel for the Amazon.
Análisis cuantitativo de sistemas de fracturas y sus implicaciones hidrogeológicas en la zona sur de la Mesa de Los Santos, Santander - Colombia
Authors: Tarazona-Lizcano Yessenia , Vargas-López María Camila , Velandia Francisco
Published: October 2021

El análisis cuantitativo del sistema de fracturas emplea métodos y procesamientos estadísticos para determinar la geometría de las estructuras y parámetros como intensidad, densidad y longitud de fractura con el fin de identificar las zonas más favorables para la infiltración y almacenamiento de fluidos en un área específica. Para llevar a cabo este análisis en la zona sur de la Mesa de Los Santos se empleó el software FracPaQ, el cual mide y cuantifica patrones de fractura en dos dimensiones a partir de datos digitales obtenidos de fotografías de afloramientos; estos datos son mostrados en mapas de rangos y de dispersión para correlacionarlos con atributos geológicos registrados en cada estación. Se presenta también un análisis preliminar del flujo de fluidos en gráficos de conectividad y permeabilidad. Esta cuantificación permitió definir que las fallas NW-SE destacan en el arreglo espacial y por la apertura de las fracturas son potenciales corredores para la circulación de fluidos al sureste de la Mesa de Los Santos. Se propone la zona influenciada por la Falla La Mojarra como un sector de alta porosidad secundaria favorable para la infiltración y flujo subsuperficial asociado al miembro superior de la Formación Los Santos.
Macrodactilia con sindactilia completa compleja en mano: reporte de caso
Authors: Abril Gaona César Augusto , Varón Plata Guillermo , Mantilla Rueda Paula Andrea , Torra Barajas Oscar Leonardo , Jácome Pérez Nathalia
Published: October 2021

La macrodactilia es una anormalidad congénita rara que se presenta en el 0.9% de malformaciones en miembro superior. Se caracteriza por un crecimiento excesivo de los tejidos blandos, de los huesos y de los dedos. El principal objetivo del tratamiento es obtener una mano funcional y estéticamente aceptable que permita un desarrollo psicomotor adecuado. Se reporta el caso de paciente con macrodactilia junto con sindactilia compleja por fusión de la falange distal u sinoniquia asociada en dedos medio y anular de mano izquierda en donde a los 3 meses posteriores a la cirugía, hubo mejoría funcional y estética.
Оценка связи урожайности картофеля в Псковской области с агрометеорологическими характеристиками
Authors: Абанников В.Н.
Published: October 2021

На основе данных среднемесячных значений температуры воздуха, суммы осадков за вегетационный период и урожайности картофеля с 2010 по 2018 годы в Псковской области, проведен анализ динамики изменения исследуемых показателей за 9 лет и на основе расчета агрометеорологических характеристик определено влияние агрометеорологических условий на урожайность картофеля.
История экономических учений как отражение эволюции общества
Authors: Маркосян О.Р. , Пидяшова А.А.
Published: October 2021

В данной работе отражено исследование, в ходе которого было раскрыто понятие истории экономических учений и проведено исследование, которое отражает взаимосвязь данной дисциплины и развитие общества. Целью данного исследования является определение истории экономических учений как отражение эволюции общества. Для этого было изучено множество литературных и интернет источников.
О пыли естественного происхождения и её влиянии на климат и здоровье человека
Authors: Гаспарян А.С.
Published: October 2021

В статье говорится о пыли естественного происхождения и её распространении с помощью ветра. Излагаются основные источники образования природной пыли. Рассмотрено положительное и негативное влияние пыли на климат и здоровье человека.