bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discussões sobre ensino e aprendizagem em física
Authors: Da Rocha Florêncio Luís Pereira , Da Paz Fábio Soares
Published: May 2023

O presente estudo, fundamentado nas discussões que permeiam a problemática do ensino de Física, tem como objetivo geral analisar os discursos sobre o ensino de Física difundidos em reportagens oriundas da internet. Busca-se, assim, identificar avanços e dificuldades no ensino/aprendizagem de Física encontrados em sala de aula, especialmente na educação básica. O estudo se insere numa abordagem qualitativa onde foi realizada inicialmente uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema para que houvesse o embasamento teórico necessário a realização do trabalho. Em seguida, foi estabelecida a escolha das reportagens publicadas entre os anos de 2002 a 2013 em sites de grande circulação que abordam a temática em questão. Ao término da pesquisa, constatou-se que a mídia repassa uma imagem desanimadora e estigmatizante da educação pública. No que diz respeito especialmente ao ensino de Física, foi possível observar que ainda persistem muitos obstáculos, que se estendem desde a formação do professor à estrutura precária oferecida pelas escolas. Também ficou evidente que há pouca ênfase destinada a ciências no ensino fundamental, denotando uma necessidade de reformulação no currículo.
Amplitude conceitual acerca do ensino híbrido na educação brasileira: inovação, modalidade ou “nome fantasia”?
Authors: Kurtz Fabiana Diniz , Silva Denilson Rodrigues da
Published: May 2023

As tecnologias são protagonistas de processos interativos de ensino e aprendizagem global e, exercem papéis diferenciados no contexto educacional, ora como instâncias mediadoras que viabilizam e potencializam a comunicação, interação e aprendizagem, ora como elementos impeditivos ou dificultantes desse processo. Dado o abismo social e econômico agravado pela pandemia Covid-19, tal antagonismo parece fruto de esvaziamento epistemológico quanto ao papel das TIC na educação e, recentemente, ao escopo do hibridismo na educação. Ora considerado como abordagem que mescla sincronia e assincronia, ora como “nome fantasia” ou algo inexistente em âmbito da legislação educacional, parece surgir no país como algo que transcende esses aspectos no sentido de constituir um processo pedagógico inovador que demanda novos olhares e epistemologia. O objetivo da pesquisa foi evidenciar o que a literatura nacional aponta sobre inovação em educação e de que forma o hibridismo é concebido. Por meio de análise qualitativa em um corpus de 102 artigos acadêmicos, resultados indicam que o hibridismo é associado à inovação em educação demandando esforços institucionais em colaboração para a constituição de uma nova cultura, seja em âmbito escolar, seja na formação de professores nas instituições de ensino superior.
Análise da formação do conceito de mistura utilizando a teoria das ações mentais e dos conceitos no Ensino de Química
Authors: Ramos de Araújo Robson Fágner
Published: May 2023

Neste artigo, é apresentado o resultado de uma investigação que teve como objetivo: enfatizar a assimilação do conceito de mistura a partir da Base Orientadora da Ação no processo de ensino e de aprendizagem em Química. Essa pesquisa trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, com metodologia da pesquisa-ação desenvolvida com 18 (dezoito) estudantes da 1º série do Ensino Médio de uma Escola Cidadã Integral Técnica Agronegócio Estadual Paraíba. Foi analisado o percurso metodológico da Formação Planejada por etapas das Ações Mentais e dos Conceitos segundo Galperin. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam a assimilação do conceito de mistura durante a realização das ações e operações mentais, no qual esse percurso se configura como uma importante metodologia na organização, execução e controle na construção de conceitos químicos pelos estudantes no ensino de Química.
“- Professora .... está me dando uma raiva!”: quando o sexismo na Ciência é discutido em aulas de graduação
Authors: Buccini Pena Daniela Martins , Quadros Ana Luiza de
Published: May 2023

A história da Ciência tem mostrado que não são raros os episódios em que o trabalho de mulheres foi obscurecido ou até mesmo eliminado de registros. Pesquisas atuais mostram que apesar da participação de mulheres em núcleos de pesquisa e em publicações científicas ter aumentado significativamente, o sexismo ainda se mantém. Considerando essa problemática, gravamos em vídeo um conjunto de aulas envolvendo graduandos do curso de Licenciatura em Química em que o papel da mulher na Ciência emergiu nas discussões, a partir das histórias de Marie Curie e de Rosalind Franklin. A análise dessas aulas mostrou que a participação dos graduandos nesse tipo de discussão ainda é limitada e que posicionamentos mais claros e coerentes surgem entre aqueles que já tiveram a oportunidade de refletir sobre o assunto. Considerando que na sociedade, de maneira geral, o machismo e o sexismo ainda são corriqueiros, a escola tem um papel importante nessa discussão. Assim sendo, é fortemente indicado que os professores em formação sejam chamados a conhecer aspectos da Ciência que foram obscurecidos em função de resultados positivos das pesquisas e a refletir sobre o quanto ainda precisamos avançar na redução das desigualdades.
O malabarismo no constituir recursos digitais no Ensino de Física
Authors: Koren Matheus Daniel , Heckler Valmir
Published: May 2023

Este estudo, em forma de relato de experiência, emerge a partir de um processo de iniciação científica e tem como propósito central debater a construção de materiais e aplicações referentes ao uso de diferentes malabares em sala de aula, bem como abrir possibilidades de reflexões sobre a sua integração formal ao currículo escolar das áreas de Ciências da Natureza, mais especificamente no que se refere ao Ensino de Física. O primeiro passo dos autores envolveu a construção de materiais didáticos como recursos digitais pedagógicos. Na segunda etapa da pesquisa, foram realizadas discussões em grupo de pesquisa-formação com professores de Física. No texto, são apresentados aspectos emergentes de uma revisão sistematizada na comunidade científica sobre a Física do Malabarismo e seus potenciais para o Ensino de Ciências. Além disso, são apresentadas as compreensões emergentes dos autores sobre o uso do malabarismo em espaços não formais e seu potencial didático para a educação formal no Ensino de Física. Entre os resultados relatados, destacam-se os diálogos e análises dos registros de vídeos e imagens disponibilizados na plataforma online "Malabar Drive", que apontam para possibilidades didáticas experimentais para o Ensino de Física a partir da perspectiva do uso dos malabares no contexto da sala de aula.
Motety z rękopisu Macieja z Warszawy (PL-WN BOZ 1115). Transkrypcje i komentarze
Authors: Zwolińska Elżbieta
Published: May 2023

Artykuł poświęcony jest czterem liturgicznym utworom 4-głosowym, zachowanym wśród innych wpisów (m in. kopii wybranych części traktatu Micrologus musicae activae Andreasa  Ornitoparcha) w manuskrypcie z dawnej Biblioteki Ordynacji Zamojskiej (obecnie Biblioteka Narodowa w Warszawie, sygn. BN Rps BOZ 1115). Rękopis był sporządzony w latach trzydziestych XVI wieku w Krakowie przez Macieja z Warszawy. Motety są nieznanego autorstwa, a ich przekaz  unikatowy (nie udało się ustalić dotychczas żadnych konkordancji). Badania nad tym repertuarem jako pierwsza podjęła Barbara Brzezińska i ich wyniki przedstawiła na łamach kwartalnika Muzyka w 1988 r. (w niniejszym artykule są odniesienia do niektórych z pionierskich ustaleń z tej autorki). Utwory nie doczekały dotąd edycji źródłowej, znane są tylko z opisów i fragmentów nutowych w publikacjach. Stanowią jednak interesujące świadectwo  muzycznej aktywności z I połowy XVI stulecia, zatem zamieszczono tu – jako zasadniczą część pracy -  ich studyjne,  opatrzone źródłowymi komentarzami transkrypcje, w zamierzeniu rozumiane  jako materiał do dalszych badań i interpretacji. W komentarzach do kolejnych utworów wskazano wybrane szczegóły kopii Macieja (możliwe do odszukania na zamieszczonej reprodukcji), niektóre cechy konstrukcji i stylu oraz wykaz dokonanych zmian w stosunku do źródła. Jeden z utworów wydaje się słabszy od pozostałych pod względem warsztatu kompozytorskiego; jego transkrypcję zamieszczono w aneksie, bo być może jest ona rezultatem niedostatecznego rozpoznania zapisu źródłowego.
Martin Horyna, Pražský zlomek varhanní tabulatury a nejstarší středověké pokusy o zápis varhanní hudby / A Prague Fragment of Organ Tablature and the Earliest Attempts in the Middle Ages to Notate Organ Music. Praha 2021
Authors: Lubieniecki Ryszard
Published: May 2023

Recenzja publikacji: Martin Horyna, Pražský zlomek varhanní tabulatury a nejstarší středověké pokusy o zápis varhanní hudby / A Prague Fragment of Organ Tablature and the Earliest Attempts in the Middle Ages to Notate Organ Music, przekł. na j. angielski Mark Newkirk, Praha: Koniasch Latin Press, 2021
Pembangunan Bahan Multimedia yang Berkesan untuk e-Pembelajaran daripada Perspektif Pelajar
Authors: Hassan Fatimah , Dahalan @ Omar Norziani
Published: May 2023

Pendidikan yang menggunakan e-pembelajaran telah menjadi satu kaedah pendidikan yang semakin diterima ramai kerana kelebihan sistemnya yang menjimatkan masa dan kos akibat menyediakan dan penggunaan bahan pembelajaran tanpa sekatan masa dan tempat serta tanpa sempadan dan had penggunaan. Tiga komponen utama dalam sistem e–pembelajaran yang mempengaruhi kejayaan penggunaannya dalam bidang pendidikan dikenali sebagai perkembangan kandungan, teknologi dan perkhidmatan. Kajian ini djalankan bagi membincangkan kaedah pembangunan bahan multimedia dalam e-pembelajaran yang berkesan dan wajar di teliti daripada perspektif pelajar. Pelbagai faktor di kesan berupaya mempengaruhi keberkesanan penggunaan bahan e-pembelajaran yang kerap digunakan sebagai kaedah pendidikan kendiri pada masa kini. Menggabungkan strategi dalam pendekatan konstruktivist mampu membuatkan bahan multimedia e-pembelajaran lebih menari dan berkesan untuk pelajar yang mengikut system pendidikan secara jarak jauh atau secara dalam talian.
Penilaian Bahan e-Pembelajaran dari Perspektif Pelajar
Authors: Wan Mohd Nor Wan Asna
Published: May 2023

Kemajuan teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi (TMK) membolehkan pengajar membangunkan peralatan dan bahan pengajaran yang berasaskan teknologi dan Internet yang menyokong kaedah pengajaran dalam semua bidang pengajaran. Objektif artikel ini ialah untuk membincangkan hasil kajian tentang bahan e-pembelajaran yang telah dibangunkan menggunakan perisian Articulate Presenter berdasarkan model motivasi Keller ARCS dan digunakan dalam pengajaran. Analisis maklum balas dan cadangan daripada pelajar menunjukkan bahawa secara umumnya, bahanbahan e-pembelajaran yang terpilih mempunyai potensi dalam memenuhi semua strategi dalam model ARCS, iaitu perhatian, relevan, keyakinan dan kepuasan. Penemuan kajian dapat menambahbaikkan bahan e-pembelajaran sedia ada serta membantu membangunkan bahan epembelajaran yang efektif.
ANALISIS BIDANG ADMINISTRASI PELAYANAN BAGI MASYARAKAT BERBASIS GOOD GOVERNANCE DI DESA JUGLANGAN KECAMATAN PANJI KABUPATEN SITUBONDO
Authors: Fauzi Hasan Muchtar , Basuki Eddy
Published: May 2023

Dimulai dari proses permohonan surat keterangan dari Rukun Tetangga (RT). Setelah itu baru diproses di kantor desa Juglangan yang menjadi masalah dan menjadi keluhan masyarakat yaitu proses pelayanan yang rumit. Proses layanan yang kompleks ini juga memperlambat waktu layanan, terutama dalam kondisi pandemi saat ini. Dari segi akademik diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan di pemerintahan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Triangulasi sumber dan triangulasi pengumpulan data dilakukan untuk mengecek keabsahan data. Dari hasil penelitian ini, good governance menunjukkan bahwa penyelenggaraan pelayanan kepada masyarakat didasarkan pada good governance di desa Juglangan, dilihat dari supremasi hukum, akuntabilitas, transparansi, atau keterbukaan, profesionalisme, dan partisipasi. Untuk desa Juglangan, peraturan yang menjadi pedoman belum dilaksanakan secara maksimal, seperti aturan jam kerja bagi aparat desa yang tidak sesuai dengan peraturan yang ada. Good governance juga berkaitan dengan akuntabilitas dimana perangkat desa harus memiliki kemampuan dalam menjalankan tugas-tugas dalam pemerintahan desa untuk memperoleh kinerja perangkat desa yang baik. Tata pemerintahan yang baik telah dilaksanakan secara efektif, terbukti dengan tindakan melaksanakan tugas dengan amanah, meskipun sedikit banyak masih membutuhkan alat untuk mempermudah pelayanan bagi masyarakat. Sudah terlaksana dengan baik jika dikaitkan dengan penyampaian informasi di desa Juglangan. Mudah diterima masyarakat dengan penyampaian informasi melalui kelompok informasi masyarakat (KIM) dan spanduk. Dalam mewujudkan profesionalisme di Desa Juglangan, dukungan kemampuan aparatur desa secara personal, pelaksanaan pelayanan kepada masyarakat, aparatur desa tidak boleh membeda-bedakan siapapun yang mengajukan pelayanan. Sebaliknya, sebagian aparat Desa Juglangan belum memahami teknologi dan dampak waktu dalam penyelesaiannya. Tugas. Sehingga untuk terwujudnya partisipasi di desa Juglangan, ada kesinambungan dan kerjasama antara pemerintah desa dengan masyarakat untuk memberikan nilai-nilai positif. Kata kunci: Administrasi Pelayanan, Good Governance
ROTA DAS AREIAS E ROTA GUAXENDUBA: ANÁLISE SOBRE OS PROJETOS DE TURISMO DE BASE COMUNITÁRIA NO TERRITÓRIO LENÇÓIS MARANHENSES/MUNIM, NO MARANHÃO
Authors: Santos Itaan de Jesus Pastor , Rocha Michelle Santos
Published: May 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma análise sobre projetos de turismo de base comunitária no Território Rural Lençóis Maranhenses/Munim, no Maranhão, a partir do cenário da política pública do turismo, dos olhares dos interlocutores e atores locais dos projetos, assim como dos obstáculos e desaf os identificados.Os projetos pesquisados são a Rota das Areias (Santo Amaro do Maranhão) e a Rota Guaxenduba (Icatu), ambos em fase de implantação. A metodologia utilizada teve uma abordagem qualitativa e foi constituída pela sistematização de dados bibliográficos e documentais, aplicação de entrevistas nas comunidades eobservação participante. Os dados apontam que, mesmo em fase de implantação, os projetos estudados já oportunizam aos moradores das comunidades envolvidas no projeto perspectivas reais de geração de trabalho e melhoria na renda gerada a partir de produtos locais. A principal conclusão é que os dois projetos se alicerçam na esperança dos moradores das comunidades integrantes das rotas pelo reconhecimento e a valorização das relações existentes entre cultura, natureza e os moradores locais como elementos marcantes do TBC.
POSSIBILIDADES E LIMITES DO PNPB NA INTEGRAÇÃO DE AGRICULTORES FAMILIARES DO ALTO MOJU, PA, À AGROINDÚSTRIA DO DENDÊ
Authors: De Castro Mauro André Costa , Da Mota Dalva Maria
Published: May 2023

O objetivo do artigo foi analisar os limites e as possibilidades da inclusão social de agricultores familiares integrados à agroindústria do dendê na comunidade de Água Preta, no Alto Moju, Nordeste Paraense. Metodologicamente empregou-se abordagem quali-quantitativa, analisando as diferenças entre o antes e o depois da integração, a partir da compreensão dos integrados pela tradução de indicadores sociais. A pesquisa de campo foi realizada em fevereiro de 2016 e entre julho e agosto de 2017 e revelou a existência de discursos diferenciados entre os agricultores, os quais se expressam ora satisfações, ora insatisfações com a dendeicultura e as condições contratuais. As conclusões mostram que, em Água Preta, a inclusão social se limitou a geração de renda para parte dos integrados, fato que lhes conferiu alguma vantagem se comparados a outros segmentos sociais da comunidade. Neste sentido, a inclusão social no Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso do Biodiesel (PNPB) naquela comunidade foi considerada apenas como condição social para sua implementação e mostrou-se distante de cumprir com todos os requisitos que essa noção evoca. A relevância do estudo está em apontar pistas para que políticas de inclusão social sejam elaboradas com vista à inserção dos diversos segmentos sociais excluídos do espaço agrário, em especial, o amazônico.
ASPECTOS QUALITATIVOS DA ÁGUA DO RIO PINDARÉ NA AMAZÔNIA MARANHENSE
Authors: Gomes Marco Antonio Ferreira , Pereira Lauro Charlet , Silva Antonio Kledson Leal , Pereira Anderson Soares , Tôsto Sérgio Gomes , Junior Pedro Moreira de Sousa
Published: May 2023

O Maranhão é um estado detentor de grande potencial hídrico no país, possuindo doze bacias hidrográf cas. No entanto, essa grande malha hídrica do estado, por si só, não é suficiente para garantir o fornecimento de água com qualidade para as diversas necessidades dos maranhenses. Em face das constantes agressões ao meio ambiente, torna-se imperativo ao poder público e à sociedade construírem juntos estruturas de gestão e de controle do uso dos recursos naturais, em particular para os recursos hídricos. Nesse cenário, encontra-se a Bacia do Rio Pindaré, um dos principais aﬂuentes do Rio Mearim, localizadana porção amazônica do estado do Maranhão, onde existem diversos assentamentos rurais, com atividades agrícolas de subsistência, vivendo sob condições precárias. Nesse ambiente de degradação dos recursos naturais, a água do Rio Pindaré e de seu aﬂ uente Rio da Água Preta se encontra com a qualidade comprometida, haja vista a presença de compostos de nitrogênio e de fósforo. Assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar alguns cenários de alteração da qualidade da água do Rio Pindaré (trecho Alto Alegre do Pindaré-Tuflândia-Pindaré-Mirim), a partir de dados secundários, complementados por dados primários, estes relacionados ao Rio da Água Preta nos municípios de Zé Doca e Governador Newton Bello, contribuindo assim aos estudos sobre a sustentabilidade dos recursos hídricos na região.
ATER PARA ATINGIDOS POR BARRAGENS EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: ABORDAGENS E PERSPECTIVAS A PARTIR DE EXPERIÊNCIA PILOTO NO CEARÁ
Authors: Alves Marina Calisto , Santos Ruggeri Mikahaknem Mariano , Pereira Ana Vitória de Araújo , Lima Filipe Augusto Xavier
Published: May 2023

As políticas de assistência técnica e extensão rural (Ater) no Brasil passaram por diversas modif cações ao longo do tempo, não obstante permanecem sendo importantes mecanismos de promoção do desenvolvimento rural sustentável e de fomento ao acesso dos agricultores familiares a outras políticaspúblicas. Nesse cenário, considerando o universo diverso da agricultura familiar no país, têm-se como sujeitos sociais que habitam o campo brasileiro as populações camponesas atingidas por barragens. Essas populações, historicamente, permaneceram à margem de diversas políticas sociais. Entretanto, visto os impactos ocasionados pelo processo de deslocamento compulsório a que são submetidas, entende-se que a Ater pode ser um importante mecanismo para contribuir no processo de reconstrução da dinâmica socioprodutiva dessas famílias nos seus novos locais de moradia. Dito isso, o presente trabalho tem comoobjetivo descrever uma experiência de implementação de um projeto piloto de Ater em reassentamentos atingidos por barragens no estado do Ceará, de modo a explorar as potencialidades, abordagens utilizadas, perspectivas e desafos, acentuados pelo período de isolamento social decorrente da pandemia de Covid-19 no ano de 2020. Utilizou-se uma metodologia de caráter descritivo e exploratório, com o foco em uma análise qualitativa. Assim, identifIcou-se que experiências do gênero ainda são escassas em nível nacional, e que a realidade analisada aponta para a importância de políticas de Ater como parte do processo de garantia de direitos e de compensação social para famílias atingidas por barragens, sendo uma ferramenta fundamental para a reterritorialização dessas populações.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO PROJETO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL (PDS) PARA A CRIAÇÃO DE NOVOS ASSENTAMENTOS RURAIS NA AMAZÔNIA: UMA ANÁLISE PARA ALTAMIRA, NO ESTADO DO PARÁ
Authors: Farias Monique Helen Cravo Soares , Carvalho André Cutrim , Dos Santos Cleber Assis , Beltrão Norma Ely Santos , Junior Monaldo Begot da Silva
Published: May 2023

Os assentamentos rurais tornaram-se um dos principais elementos do meio rural na Amazônia Legal, representando quase um terço das terras usadas e quase 74% dos estabelecimentos rurais. O estado do Pará concentra o maior número de famílias assentadas do país com mais de 30% de sua área coberta porassentamentos. Em contrapartida, do ponto de vista histórico, tem sido um dos estados que mais desmatam na região. Na busca pelo desenvolvimento rural efetivo, torna-se imprescindível pensar em alternativas produtivas factíveis, que evitem o êxodo dos pequenos agricultores do espaço rural, fazendo-se necessário desenvolver e viabilizar a agricultura familiar no Pará. Uma das manifestações práticas da associação da reforma agrária à questão ambiental começou com a criação do modelo de assentamento denominado Projeto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (PDS). Assim, o presente artigo tem como principal objetivo analisar a importância do PDS no município de Altamira, Pará, com ênfase no desenvolvimento do PDS Brasília, verifcando sua efcácia em conciliar a atividade produtiva e o respeito ao meio ambiente. A principal conclusão é de que, em relação ao PDS Brasília, existe uma necessidade de articulação entre osatores envolvidos – assentados, poder público, organizações não governamentais, o que pode possibilitar a conscientização quanto às novas práticas produtivas necessárias, bem como o suporte técnico-fnanceiro compatível com a realidade dessa modalidade de projeto, visando assim ao desenvolvimento local sustentável.
La educación superior no es un privilegio, sino un instrumento para un futuro de prosperidad
Authors: Tamarit Francisco
Published: May 2023

En junio de 2018 se convocó a la III Conferencia Regional de Educación Superior, en este texto el doctor Francisco Tamarit saluda a los asistentes a dicho evento, en la VIII Asamblea Regional Andina de la UDUAL, celebrada en la Universidad Tecnológica Privada de Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia, los días 3 y 4 de octubre de aquel año.
A cien años de la autonomía universitaria como revelación: notas para una imaginación de compromisos y contenidos
Authors: Ibarra Antonio
Published: May 2023

Memoria de la reflexión que convocó la III CRES a propósito del concepto autonomía. Siguiendo una saga sobre los avatares de la autonomía que no está en la memoria con la misma gramática convencional, se da cuenta de que carecemos aún de una narrativa regional que multiplique la complejidad de la autonomía como forma de existencia y práctica universitaria.
Impact of Learning Environment on Academic Performance of Students at Secondary Level
Authors: Erum Khan
Published: May 2023

The main objective of this research study was to find out the effect of the learning environment on the academic performance of students at the Higher Secondary Level in the district Dera Ghazi Khan. The population of this study is the students studying in higher secondary schools, private colleges, and Government colleges of the 12th class. The sample size of this research study was1070. A search tool was adopted. The data was collected by the researcher through visiting the Institutions physically. The collected data were tabulated, organized, and was entered in the SPSS. The research study was analyzed through descriptive analysis and inferential statistics. The findings of this study show that there was a significant difference in the perception of male and female students about the effect of the learning environment.  Private colleges provide a more learning environment to the students as compared to public institutions. Based on the findings of this study it was recommended that schools should provide basic facilities like library furniture electricity and better seating arrangements.  Students should be given opportunities to develop their confidence through debates.
Assessment Practices for Teaching and Learning of Mathematics: The Perception of Pre-service Teachers in District Khairpur, Sindh Pakistan
Authors: Sehar Mangi  , Amjad Ali Rind  , Nindwani Shazma
Published: May 2023

Mathematics plays a vital role in academics as well as in the everyday lives of individuals. Moreover, it is considered the most complicated and tough academic subject among students due to its complexity. Whereas, in terms of teaching and assessment strategies, mathematical conceptualization is also one of the most challenging aspects among teachers. In the classroom, mostly pedagogical and traditional assessment practices develop students' negative attitudes towards mathematics. Similarly, assessment in mathematics is an integral part of teaching and learning, but it is usually viewed as a problematic part of the instructional task. There is considerable evidence that teachers' beliefs about mathematics assessment impact their teaching of mathematics. This study aims to identify the perceived approaches to assessment in the mathematics classroom and analyze the effective domains of assessment in the mathematics classroom by pre-service teachers in Khairpur. Therefore, to explore this perspective, this study has been conducted with pre-service teachers to analyze their perceptions regarding assessment practices for mathematics. The qualitative research methods employed in this study and the qualitative data collected through a structured interview protocol. The sample of study comprises five pre-service teachers from district Sukkur, Sindh. In an effort to address the research questions, thematic analysis has been used. Furthermore, the findings of this study indicated that the different perceptions of pre-service teachers about assessment in mathematics range from traditional to constructive, which highlights the importance of teaching approaches that focus on formative assessment in the math classroom along with summative assessment in a constructive way. It is recommended that formative assessment be used during the teaching and learning process of mathematics because formative assessment is more effective than summative assessment.Moreover, the study suggests that teachers should adopt some effective strategies for assessment of mathematics.
Hill Stations in India: A British Creation
Authors: - Sunita Kharel
Published: May 2023

A unique contribution of the British to the urban landscape of India was the creation of hill- stations. A number of hill-resorts were established at selected spots for specific purpose of the British. Initially chosen as sanatorium and resting centres away from the tropical Indian plains, hill stations eventually turned out to be important administrative seat for the colonial masters, thus giving rise to a new set of urban centres.
THE RELIABILITY OF A TWO-WAY HYDRAULIC CYLINDER
Authors: Ali-Hikmat Ahmadov Ali-Hikmat Ahmadov , Ruslan Starchevoy Ruslan Starchevoy
Published: May 2023

A hydraulic cylinder is a volumetric hydraulic motor that converts the energy of the fluid flow into various types of movement of the output link. The use of volumetric hydraulic drives with a hydraulic cylinder working element in all possible fields of industry does not require high capacities. One of the advantages is the ease of operation and overload protection. There are also disadvantages. For example, the hydraulic cylinder depends on the working fluid and in case of contamination it may fail, and therefore the reliability of the hydraulic cylinder decreases. In order to protect hydraulic cylinders from moisture and dirt entering them, as well as to increase their reliability, seals with dirt-removing rings are provided. When assembling or disassembling hydraulic cylinders, important conditions must be taken into account, since failure to comply with these conditions can lead to a defect. Considerable efforts have been made to the parts, so some manual operations are excluded when assembling and disassembling hydraulic cylinders. The reliability of the hydraulic cylinder and, consequently, its reliability are the main topic of the study. Hydraulic cylinders can be of translational action and rotary action. Translational ones include: piston, plunger, telescopic. Reciprocating, in turn, can be one-sided and two-sided. If it is required to create an effort in only one direction, a one-way hydraulic cylinder is designed. At the beginning of the work, a diagram of a volumetric hydraulic drive and its principle of operation is presented. Special attention is paid to assessing the reliability of the hydraulic cylinder. In conclusion, the results of the analyses and the conclusions of the calculations are given. The change in the reliability of the hydraulic cylinder over time was also indicated and the reasons for this change were named.
Keywords: Reliability, hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic drive, failure, reliability assessment, pipeline, pump, valve, operating time, hydraulic distributor.
CALCULATION OF THE MAIN ELEMENTS OF THE ROPE-PULLEY DRIVE OF
A DOWNHOLE ROD PUMPING UNIT
Authors: Zuleykha Eyvazova Zuleykha Eyvazova , Rasim Khairov Rasim Khairov
Published: May 2023

The goal of minimizing oil production costs is becoming increasingly crucial in current oil production settings, particularly during the operation of oil fields in the final phases of development and the ever-expanding commissioning of difficult-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves. Oil production practice has shown, lengthening the length of the steel pumping plant's loop needs a lower frequency of rolling, which extends the life of the well equipment and enhances pumping installation performance. The engine's weight and cost increase as the drive lengthens. The necessary characteristics made it impossible to build long-stroke balancing drives. One of the ways to solve this problem is the use of long-stroke unbalanced sucker-rod pump drives as part of pumping units, which will significantly reduce energy consumption for oil production and, accordingly, reduce the cost. The presented article shows the prospects of using unbalanced drives of sucker-rod pumping units in the operation of wells by mechanized method.
The kinematic-power diagram of the drive of the downhole rod pumping unit is shown.
A method for calculating the acting forces is given. To calculate the strength of the structure being developed, it is important to determine the change in the force acting on the suspension point of the rods. In order to carry out repair work, the goal was set to further improve the unbalanced drive WRPU (well rod pump unit). For this, a scheme was proposed for changing the fixed guide pulley to a movable one, installed on the base with the possibility of its rotation. The proposed design of the rotary pulley makes it possible to free up space above the wellhead.
Keywords: unbalanced drive, long stroke, swivel pulley, beamless drive of pumping unit, rod suspension point, crank-pulley converting mechanism.
MATHEMATICAL EQUATIONS FOR TEMPERATURE CONTROL IN THE CONTACT SURFACES OF DRILLING AND MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT
Authors: Amir Mustafayev Amir Mustafayev , Chingiz Nasirov Chingiz Nasirov
Published: May 2023

The maintenance of equipment and tools used in the workover of oil and gas wells depends on keeping them in working condition, reliability, strength and temperature endurance of the tool.
In order to restore wells in case of an accident and bring them back into operation, it is necessary to speed up the drilling and repair work by choosing the right repair equipment and following the existing rules and regulatory documents.
The cutting elements of the tools working under high pressure and loads are deformed, a tense situation is created in the cutting – destruction zone, high temperatures (10000 - 12000) occur as a result of corrosion in the triboknots.
The stress-deformation state in the cutting-destruction zone causes the formation of microcracks in the working area of the tool. Microcracks grow after a certain period of time. Cutting elements are quickly worn, in some cases broken and fail quickly. Such cases affect the structural composition of the cutting elements, the temperatures increase, as a result, riveting occurs.
In order to keep the equipment and tools used in the repair in normal working condition, adjusting the mode parameters is one of the important requirements, in addition to taking special care of them. The high results obtained in repair and restoration works depend on the efficiency of the cutting-destructive tool, longevity, material selection, construction manufacturing technologies, tool that meet modern requirements, dimensions, weight and internal condition of the well being restored.
It is necessary to keep the heat generated in the moving parts of the tool at the required level for the safe performance of restoration works.
The thermal regime of cutting and rock-destroying tools depends on the physical-mechanical properties of the objects subjected to destruction and the effect of thermomechanical stresses generated on the contact surfaces of the tool and the amount of heat released from the working surface.
Studying the problems related to heat issues will allow to ensure the temperature tolerance of not only the repair equipment, but also the equipment and tools used in other areas of the oil-field industry.
Keywords: temperature, cutting and destructive tool, metal, rock.
METHODS OF FIGHTING WITH MILITARY EMERGENCIES
Authors: Ulvi Sadigzada Ulvi Sadigzada
Published: May 2023

The article provides a new classification of emergency situations of a military nature. Quantıtatıve and qualıtatıve indicators of military emergencies were studied. Safety criteria in dealing with emergency situations have been defined. Information has been provided on emergency rescue and other urgent tasks during the prevention and elimination of the consequences of emergency situations of a military nature. During the fight against emergency situations of a military nature, a single system was studied, and the main goals and tasks for emergency rescue operations were determined. The importance of the classification of emergency situations according to the incident during the accident-rescue and search-rescue works was studied and the directions of action were determined. The significance of emergency planning and the classification of cases during the use of modern means of destruction, i.e., weapons of mass destruction and conventional means of destruction, in the case of military emergency events and other urgent work arrangements in peacetime have been studied. The necessity of developing a preventive policy for combating emergency situations of a military nature was determined, the issues of developing universal principles of conducting operations against emergency situations of a military nature, and systematizing the procedure of coverage of war-related situations in the mass media were considered. In real conditions, the importance of differentiating emergency-rescue work from other urgent work has been determined.
Keywords: emergencies, military, rescue, security, character.
INVESTIGATION OF THE MECHANISM OF FABRIC WINDING ON WEAVING MACHINES WITH THE PURPOSE OF INCREASING THEIR PRODUCTIVITY
Authors: Laman Alirzayeva Laman Alirzayeva
Published: May 2023

The state of light industry in the world is still difficult. The downward trend in the production of the most important types of textile products in physical terms continues. An inevitable consequence of the decline in light industry output is a low level of capacity utilization.
The situation in the light industry is further complicated by the fact that most of the existing fixed assets cannot be used in the future without appropriate reconstruction, since the technical and economic parameters of the main part of the equipment do not meet modern requirements and do not ensure the production of competitive products.
The international experience of recent years shows that machine building for the textile and light industries has good prospects for overcoming the crisis and further development. Intensive improvement of technology for these industries is carried out in the following main areas:
• improving equipment performance;
• equipping machines with the most modern microprocessor control and monitoring systems for the technological process;
• robotization of labor-intensive operations for machine maintenance;
• universalization of equipment for various processed raw materials.
Based on the concept of development of textile engineering and the current economic situation in the textile industry, the main areas for improving production are:
• modernization (improvement) of mastered production and mass-produced equipment in the direction of increasing the productivity of machines, increasing the degree of their automation, reliability, ergonomics and workmanship, as well as saving raw materials;
• modernization of equipment operating at textile industry enterprises by replacing individual units, modules, equipping machines and units with automation and instrument control.
To meet the needs of the population for the product of the textile and light industry, it is required to increase the production of fabrics of various assortments. The quality of manufactured fabrics depends on the construction of the mechanisms of looms. One of the mechanisms that affect the quality of the fabric produced on weaving machines is the fabric removal mechanism. This mechanism consists of three devices, a pulling roller (valiance), a commodity regulator and a winding device.
Keywords: Light industry, fabric removal mechanism, winding device, valiance, coefficient of friction.
RESEARCH AND EVALUATION OF DETERMINING FACTORS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Karim Karimov Karim Karimov , Nurkhanim Dadashova Nurkhanim Dadashova , Rahim Huseynov Rahim Huseynov
Published: May 2023

The article considers the sustainable development of enterprises as the most important factor in the functioning of an organization in the modern world. It is noted that the effectiveness of the formation of sustainable development lies not only in the positive dynamics of indicators and compliance with certain standards, but in the adaptation of an enterprise to changes in the economy of the world and the state.
The factors that determine the sustainable development of industrial enterprises, the indicative definition of innovative activity in the regulatory economic literature in strategic and tactical terms, foreign and domestic experience in the framework of the concept of sustainable development of industrial enterprises have been studied and evaluated. The goals of conducting innovative processes at enterprises, the factors influencing the increase in innovative potential and the efficiency of enterprises are analyzed. Here, indicators are established that characterize the main provisions of the balanced scorecard system, the system of interaction between environments that ensure sustainable development, and the classification models of the principles of sustainable development of an enterprise.
Keywords: sustainable development, scientific and industrial interaction, innovations, socio-economic development, strategy, concept, factor, analysis, environment.
Study of Vegetation's Capacity to Reduce of the CO2 Emissions from Vehicle Engine Contribution in Green Open Space Pinang Masak Campus, Jambi University Reevaluation on Period 2016–2022
Authors: Auliaputri Tazkiah , Aprilia Ulan , Nurhanipan Fitra , Suhanda Robet , Nazila Jumiatun , Ihsan Mahya
Published: May 2023

The atmosphere's carbon dioxide (CO2) content raises global temperatures. OGS, or green open space, has the power to absorb carbon dioxide. The OGS of Pinang Masak Campus, Jambi University, too has this potential, although the number of vehicles keeps rising yearly. The reduction of flora at Jambi University's Pinang Masak Campus will result in higher carbon emissions. The three-month study was carried out at the Pinang Masak Campus Jambi University. This study directly measured the crown and counted the number of individual trees. There are 62 species of trees in all, totaling 1455 individuals. Motorcycles are the most common form of vehicle to enter the college area. According to calculations of carbon absorption, the rates of emissions produced by cars, 583,619 kg/hour, and 581,779.330 kg/hour, respectively, are 1,839.667 kg/hour, 583,619 kg/hour, and 581,779.330 kg/hour, respectively. According to these findings, based on positive residual emissions, the Green Open Space of Pinang Masak Campus is less able to absorb carbon emissions from automobiles.
Escalation Of Coffee Plant (Coffea arabica L) By Addition Of Microcapsules From IAA (Indole Acetic Acid) Producing-Endophytic Bacteria
Authors: Purba Indra Gunawan , Warsito Kabul , Refnizuida Refnizuida
Published: May 2023

The growth of coffee (Coffea arabica L) plants is highly dependent on the quality of the seeds and fertilization. One of the newest innovations in the field of organic farming is the use of endophytic bacteria as potential candidates to be developed become biofertilizers. Endophytic bacteria that produce IAA (Indole acetic acid) are able to produce phytohormones that can accelerate plant growth. The purpose of this researeh was to determine the effectiveness of endophytic bacterial microcapsules for the growth of Arabica coffee plants. This research was conducted using the factorial CRD (Completely Randomized Design) method consisting of 2 factors, 16 treatments, 2 replications. The first factor was  immersion  of endophytic bacterial suspension consisting of B0: without immersion; B1:8 hours; B2 :9 hours;  B3: 10 hours.  Microcapsules addition of endophytic bacteria consisting of I0 : 0 gr; I1 : 5 gr; I2 : 10 gr; I3 : 15 gr. The results from isolation was obtained four isolates of endophytic bacteria. The IAA test showed that the four  isolates were able to produce IAA. Observation of plant height showed that the best treatment was treatment B1 of (16.31 cm). Observation on total of leaves, best treatment were B1 and B2 (10.57 strands). For the leaf area parameter, the best treatment was B3 of (27.36 cm2). Test results showed that application of suspension and microcapsules of endophytic bacteria significantly increased growth of coffee
Analysis of the breeding base of pig breeding in Ukraine
Authors: Tsereniuk Oleksandr , Gryshyna Ludmila , Peretiatko Lidiya
Published: May 2023

Goal. The comparative analysis of productive traits of different breeds of
breeding pigs of Ukraine. The research method is the analysis and comparison of
indexes of the development and productivity of pigs of different breeds, changes in the
number of animals and subjects of the breeding business in pig breeding during 2017–
2021. The results. The analysis of the state of the breeding base of pig breeding in
Ukraine over the course of five years shows the reduction of 31 subjects of the breeding
business with a herd of about 7,000 heads of the main sows. As of January 1, 2022,
there are 67 breeding enterprises, including 27 breeding factories and 40 breeding
farms. To date, pig breeding is represented by 10 breeds of pigs, the most numerous of
which are two breeds – the Large White - 60% and Landrace 31.3%, which are bred in
18 and 13 regions of Ukraine, respectively. The largest number of pigs are bred in Kyiv
(624,800 heads), Lviv (430,000 heads), Donetsk (405,400 heads) and Ternopil (377,000 heads) regions. And the smallest population is concentrated in Luhansk
(40.9 thousand heads) and Kherson (49.5 thousand heads) regions. It was determined
that the tendency to increase the stock at the beginning of 2022 was observed in Durok
breeds (from 1.98 to 2.47%), Pietren (from 1.58 to 2.08 %), the Red White-belted
breeds (0, 23 to 0.33), Wales (from 0.47 to 0.58%) and Ukrainian Steppe White breed (0.96 to 1.26 %). For the rest of the domestic breeds, such as Poltava Meat,
Ukrainian Meat and Ukrainian Steppe piked, a clear tendency to decrease was
observed, respectively, by 0.13; 0.02 and 0.04%. The analysis of productive traits shows
that the reproductive qualities of sows bred in breeding factories are higher than those
of breeding farms, this applies to such breeds as Landras, Durok, Poltava Meat. The
advantage according to the multifertility index was 1.4 heads, 1.5 heads, 1.0 heads,
respectively. As for Welsh and Durok breeds, which are considered meat breeds, but
are distinguished by high reproductive qualities (multifertility of the Welsh breed –
13 heads, Durok – 11.6 heads). It is explained, in our opinion, by purposeful selection
work aimed at increasing the fertility rate. The reproductive traits of other meat
genotypes remain as they meet the requirements for meat genotypes. Conclusions. It is
necessary to increase the breed gene fund of Ukraine in order to fully implement
selection and genetic programs for the improvement of breeds, as well as interbreed
crossing and hybridization.
Key words: pedigree pig breeding, breeds, breeding factories, breeding farms,
reproductive traits, lard thickness, hybridization.
The Inverse Problem of Determining the Coefficients Elliptic Equation
Authors: Aliyeva Basti
Published: May 2023

The paper considers the inverse problem in determining unknown coefficients in a linear elliptic equation. Theorems of existence, uniqueness and stability of the solution of inverse problems for a linear equation of elliptic type are proved. Using the method of sequential measurements, a regularizing algorithm is constructed to determine several coefficients.
Platform for Learning and Virtual Reality in Animal Husbandry
Authors: Gancheva Veska , Galabova Lidia
Published: May 2023

Nowadays, digital technologies are extensively used in the field of education. Virtual and augmented reality and 3D technologies are entering the field of education at all educational levels. They are a prerequisite for the application of new approaches in the presentation of the educational content and its easier perception and assimilation by the learners. The paper presents an integrated platform for open science and educational resource sharing, as well as an environment for distance learning and data analysis in animal husbandry derived from the learning resources of a given course in the system. The research is aimed at developing a computer-aided framework in the field of digitized education and creating new educational resources for distance learning in animal husbandry.