bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Een overzicht van drie studies naar de effecten van beloningsprikkels, omgevingsfactoren en persoonlijkheidskenmerken op oordeels- en besluitvorming van accountants
Authors: van Brenk Herman
Published: April 2018

In drie onderling samenhangende studies heb ik onderzoek gedaan naar de gezamenlijke effecten van beloningsprikkels, omgevingsfactoren en persoonlijkheidskenmerken op de oordeels- en besluitvorming van accountants. Ik beargumenteer dat het belangrijk is om rekening te houden met persoonlijkheidskenmerken, omdat beloningsprikkels naar alle waarschijnlijkheid een verschillende invloed hebben op de oordeels- en besluitvorming van accountants op basis van verschillen in idiosyncratische eigenschappen van accountants. De resultaten van mijn eerste studie laten zien dat winstdeling gebaseerd op prestaties van de accountantsorganisatie leidt tot meer conservatisme in de rapporteringsbeslissingen van audit partners, maar alleen wanneer sprake is van een kleine cliënt en de accountant gevoelig is voor zowel beloningen als straffen. De resultaten van mijn tweede studie laten zien dat winstdeling gebaseerd op prestaties van de partner leidt tot minder conservatisme in de rapporteringsbeslissingen van audit partners met een hoge mate van openheid. De resultaten van mijn derde studie laten zien dat een bonus voor controlekwaliteit en hoge opdrachtdruk de controlekwaliteit van accountants met een lage drive verhogen, maar controlekwaliteit verlagen van accountants met een hoge drive. Deze uitkomsten laten consistent zien dat de effecten van beloningsprikkels niet voor iedereen op dezelfde manier van toepassing zijn. Daarom pleit ik voor een herwaardering van de rol van persoonlijkheidsverschillen in het huidige debat over maatregelen ter verbetering van controlekwaliteit.
Het gebruik van wetenschappelijk onderzoek door beroepsbeoefenaars: een empirisch onderzoek
Authors: Emanuels Jim , Jansen Pieter , Grabundzija Petra
Published: April 2018

Er is sprake van een lastig overbrugbare kloof tussen wetenschappelijk onderzoek en toepassing hiervan in de praktijk. Via verschillende mechanismen kan wetenschappelijke kennis beroepsbeoefenaars, zoals accountants en controllers bereiken. In dit onderzoek is door middel van een exploratief vragenlijstonderzoek nagegaan in hoeverre de mechanismen die zijn geïdentificeerd vanuit de literatuur, ook van toepassing zijn op de wijze waarop Nederlandse beroepsbeoefenaars in de accountancy en controlling gebruik maken van wetenschappelijke kennis. De resultaten laten onder andere zien dat die mechanismen bij accountants anders werken dan bij controllers en vooral dan bij organisatieadviseurs, en dat accountants ook minder belang hechten aan de lessen vanuit de wetenschap.
One size doesn’t fit all
Authors: Brouwer Arjan
Published: April 2018

Internationaal is veel energie gestoken in de implementatie van een consistente set verslaggevingsregels (in ieder geval voor beursfondsen) en controlestandaarden. Desondanks blijven verschillen bestaan tussen de jaarrekeningen van ondernemingen en de uitvoering van de accountantscontrole. Cultuur, taal, nationale gebruiken en uitzonderingen blijven bijvoorbeeld zorgen voor verschillen. Daarnaast is er veel vrijwillige informatie waar de IFRSs niet op van toepassing zijn, waardoor ondernemingen hun eigen keuzes kunnen maken binnen algemene principes.

In dit artikel wordt ingegaan op een aantal oorzaken voor verschillen en op de informatiewaarde2van verschillen. Een bepaalde mate van harmonisatie kan positief zijn voor de vergelijkbaarheid van informatie, maar te ver doorgevoerde standaardisatie kan leiden tot verlies aan informatiewaarde en is derhalve niet wenselijk.
Wat zeggen de cijfers?
Authors: Vergoossen Ruud G.A.
Published: April 2018

not applicable
Auditing Research Summaries
Authors: Wallage Philip
Published: April 2018

n/a
Increased aerosol content in the atmosphere over Ukraine during summer 2010
Authors: Galytska Evgenia , Danylevsky Vassyl , Hommel René , Burrows John P.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. In this paper we assessed the influence of biomass burning
during forest fires throughout summer (1 June–31 August) 2010 on aerosol
abundance, dynamics, and its properties over Ukraine. We also considered
influences and effects over neighboring countries: European
Russia, Estonia, Belarus, Poland, Moldova, and Romania. We used MODIS satellite instrument data to study fire distribution. We also
used ground-based remote measurements from the international sun photometer
network AERONET plus MODIS and CALIOP satellite instrument data to
determine the aerosol content and optical properties in the atmosphere over
Eastern Europe. We applied the HYSPLIT model to investigate atmospheric dynamics
and model pathways of particle transport. As with previous studies, we found that the highest aerosol content was
observed over Moscow in the first half of August 2010 due to the proximity of
the most active fires. Large temporal variability of the aerosol content with
pronounced pollution peaks during 7–17 August was observed at the Ukrainian
(Kyiv and Sevastopol), Belarusian (Minsk), Estonian (Toravere), and Romanian
(Bucharest) AERONET sites. We analyzed aerosol spatiotemporal distribution over Ukraine using MODIS AOD
550 nm and further compared with the Kyiv AERONET site sun photometer
measurements; we also compared CALIOP AOD 532 nm with MODIS AOD data. We
analyzed vertical distribution of aerosol extinction at 532 nm, retrieved
from CALIOP measurements, for the territory of Ukraine at locations where
high AOD values were observed during intense fires. We estimated the
influence of fires on the spectral single scattering albedo, size distribution, and complex
refractive indices using Kyiv AERONET measurements performed during summer
2010. In this study we showed that the maximum AOD in the atmosphere over Ukraine
recorded in summer 2010 was caused by particle transport from the forest
fires in Russia. Those fires caused the highest AOD 500 nm over the Kyiv
site, which in August 2010 exceeded multiannual monthly mean for the entire
observational period (2008–2016, excluding 2010) by a factor of 2.2. Also,
the influence of fires resulted in a change of the particle microphysics in
the polluted regions.
LPJmL4 – a dynamic global vegetation model with managed land – Part 1: Model description
Authors: Schaphoff Sibyll , von Bloh Werner , Rammig Anja , Thonicke Kirsten , Biemans Hester , Forkel Matthias , Gerten Dieter , Heinke Jens , Jägermeyr Jonas , Knauer Jürgen , Langerwisch Fanny , Lucht Wolfgang , Müller Christoph , Rolinski Susanne , Waha Katharina
Published: April 2018

Abstract. This paper provides a comprehensive description of the newest version of the Dynamic Global Vegetation Model with managed Land, LPJmL4. This model simulates – internally consistently – the growth and productivity of both natural and agricultural vegetation as coherently linked through their water, carbon, and energy fluxes. These features render LPJmL4 suitable for assessing a broad range of feedbacks within and impacts upon the terrestrial biosphere as increasingly shaped by human activities such as climate change and land use change. Here we describe the core model structure, including recently developed modules now unified in LPJmL4. Thereby, we also review LPJmL model developments and evaluations in the field of permafrost, human and ecological water demand, and improved representation of crop types. We summarize and discuss LPJmL model applications dealing with the impacts of historical and future environmental change on the terrestrial biosphere at regional and global scale and provide a comprehensive overview of LPJmL publications since the first model description in 2007. To demonstrate the main features of the LPJmL4 model, we display reference simulation results for key processes such as the current global distribution of natural and managed ecosystems, their productivities, and associated water fluxes. A thorough evaluation of the model is provided in a companion paper. By making the model source code freely available at https://gitlab.pik-potsdam.de/lpjml/LPJmL, we hope to stimulate the application and further development of LPJmL4 across scientific communities in support of major activities such as the IPCC and SDG process.
The PERSIANN Family of Global Satellite Precipitation Data: A
Review and Evaluation of Products
Authors: Nguyen Phu , Ombadi Mohammed , Sorooshian Soroosh , Hsu Kuolin , AghaKouchak Amir , Brathwaite Dan , Ashouri Hamed , Thorstensen Andrea Rose
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Over the past two decades, Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN) products have been incorporated in a wide range of studies. Currently, PERSIANN offers several precipitation products based on different algorithms available at various spatial and temporal scales, namely, PERSIANN, PERSIANN-CCS and PERSIANN-CDR. The goal of this article is to first provide an overview of the available PERSIANN precipitation retrieval algorithms and their differences. Secondly, we offer an evaluation of the available operational products over the Contiguous United States at different spatial and temporal scales using Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Unified gauge-based analysis as a benchmark. Finally, the available products are intercompared at a quasi-global scale. Furthermore, we highlight strength and limitations of the PERSIANN products and briefly discuss the expected future developments.
The Regional Warning Center Darmstadt (from the 1960s until 1993)
Authors: Damboldt Thomas
Published: April 2018

Abstract. The work and achievements of the Regional Warning Center Darmstadt at the Research Institute of the Deutsche Bundespost in Darmstadt, Germany, are briefly reviewed. After privatisation of the Deutsche Bundespost (now Deutsche Telekom) in 1993, research in HF propagation and hence the RWC was disbanded.
Defining scale thresholds for geomagnetic storms through statistics
Authors: Palacios Judith , Guerrero Antonio , Cid Consuelo , Saiz Elena , Cerrato Yolanda
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Geomagnetic storms, as part of the Sun-Earth relations, are continuously monitored with different indices and scales. These indices usually have some associated scale thresholds to quantify the severity or risk of geomagnetic disturbances. However, the most usual scale thresholds are arbitrarily chosen. In this work we aim to quantify the range of the thresholds through a new method. These new thresholds are based on statistical distribution fitting. We used different geomagnetic indices, as Dst, SYM-H, and Kp, since they are relevant for space weather purposes. The first two indices have been discriminated between their negative values and the whole dataset. We considered two periods: a short-term one, comprising data from 1997 to 2012; and long-term ones, which are from 1957–2012 for Dst and 1932–2012 for Kp. We look for the best fit for different statistical continuous distributions applied to these indices. The best fits and the data distribution functions yield to intersects that can be used to define thresholds. The best fit distribution functions are more coincidental between them when considering determined similar datasets, as non-central f-distribution for negative values, meaningful for geomagnetic disturbances; or non-central Student's-t, when the whole dataset is taken. The method yields different values for thresholds depending on the index. Thresholds for geomagnetic storms can be chosen by common values of SYM-H and Dst, as −75 nT for moderate storms; −150 nT for intense storms, and −330 nT for extreme storms. For the case of Kp, the value equal to 5 may mark the departure from quiet time to stormy time. The obtained values are close to those usually considered as thresholds for, typically, Dst and Kp; therefore the thresholds defined here may provide criteria to assess the vulnerability to geomagnetic activity on design or mitigation purposes.
Circulación y superexplotación del Trabajo
Authors: Felix Gil
Published: April 2018

En este artículo, propongo un abordaje para el análisis de los procesos comúnmente designados como flexibilización, precarización o, más recientemente, uberización del trabajo, considerando los procesos de aceleración y amplificación de la circulación mercantil de la fuerza de trabajo derivados transversalmente de los primeros y, por lo tanto, de una condición proletaria de mayor aproximación y/o indistinción entre los ejércitos activo y de reserva. Para tanto, revisito la teoría marxiana del valor en lo que se refiere a la circulación de la fuerza de trabajo y a las tendencias que pueden ser constatadas por el aumento del tiempo de circulación de esa mercancía. A partir de eso, propongo una agenda de investigaciones para el estudio de las relaciones sociales de circulación a las que estaría sujeta la clase trabajadora en un régimen de acumulación flexible del capital.
De la soledad del trabajador globalizado a la recomposición del obrero colectivo. Acción colectiva, territorio y conflicto laboral en las huelgas de Coca Cola Fuenlabrada y los técnicos de Movistar en Madrid
Authors: Sánchez Iglesias Eduardo
Published: April 2018

Desde 2008 España ha vivido una de las crisis económicas más importantes de su historia reciente, periodo en el que se han sucedido diferentes expresiones de conflictos laborales de larga duración, que han tenido, entre otros, un denominador común: la relación entre acción colectiva y territorio como marco de recomposición de plantillas fragmentadas por los procesos de subcontratación empresarial. El presente artículo se dispone a analizar las experiencias de las huelgas protagonizadas por la plantilla de la factoría de Coca Cola en Fuenlabrada (2014-2016) y los técnicos de Movistar (2015-2016), desde los que aportar elementos que permitan elaborar una tipología de la acción colectiva dentro de los conflictos laborales en la España pos crisis.
Augmented bladders and urinary diversions
Authors: Metcalfe Peter , De Shuba , Bailly Greg
Published: April 2018

N/A
Transitioning patients with hypospadias and other penile abnormalities to adulthood: What to expect?
Authors: Rourke Keith , Braga Luis H.
Published: April 2018

N/A
Spina bifida
Authors: Saavedra Alvaro A. , MacLellan Dawn , Gray Gary J.
Published: April 2018

N/A
Metrics for Image Surface Approximation Based on Triangular Meshes
Authors: Da Silva Eduardo Sant'Ana , Santos Anderson , Pedrini Helio
Published: April 2018

Surface approximation plays an important role in several application fields, such as computer-aided design, computer graphics, remote sensing, computer vision, robotics, architecture, and manufacturing. A common problem present in these areas is to develop efficient methods for generating, processing, analyzing, and visualizing large amount of 3D data. Triangular meshes constitute a flexible representation of sampled points that are not regularly distributed in space, such that the model can be adaptively adjusted to the data density. The choice of metrics for building the triangular meshes is crucial to produce high quality models. This paper proposes and evaluates different measures to incrementally refine a Delaunay triangular mesh for image surface approximation until either a certain accuracy is obtained or a maximum number of iterations is achieved. Experiments on several data sets are performed to compare the quality of the resulting meshes.
A history of the stereology in China
Authors: Wang Li , Tang Yong , Kang Kejun , Chen Zhiqiang , Peng Ruiyun , Yang Zhengwei , Liu Guoquan
Published: April 2018

This review article introduces the formation and development of stereology in China under the background of the development of international stereology. In the early 1970s, some stereological monographs and collections were introduced into China, and Chinese scholars began to understand, study and promote stereology knowledge. Meanwhile, the widespread use of image analysis systems has contributed to the spread of stereology in China. On the other hand, academic exchanges and personnel training have played a catalytic role in the formation of stereology in China. According to China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) statistics, the number and impact of Chinese papers in stereology continues to grow during the past 30 years. After in-depth discussion, Chinese scholars have adopted a broader definition of stereology. With economic development and technological progress, China has great potential to develop, promote and apply the stereological methods and the related technologies.
Image Analysis & Stereology: 2017 Research Highlights
Authors: Vrtovec Tomaž
Published: April 2018

A detailed overview of the 22 contributions, published in volume 36 (2017) of Image Analysis & Stereology (IAS), is presented. Most of the contributions are relatively interdisciplinary, however, they can be assigned to the following fields of study: computer vision (2), image analysis (2), materials science (3), medical imaging (3), stereology (8) and stohastic geometry (2). In addition, two editorials were published, while four of the contributions in the field of stereology are review papers for the special topic "The History of Stereology". It can be concluded that the readership was offered with a large variety of topics within the broader multidisciplinary field of stereology and image analysis, therefore reflecting the scope of IAS.
Sociálně kulturní animace ve Španělsku a Latinské Americe – historický náhled
Authors: Zbudilová Helena
Published: April 2018

Studie se zabývá fenoménem sociálně-kulturní animace ve Španělsku, která se v této části románského světa začala rozvíjet v pedagogickém a sociálním kontextu v 60. letech 20. století. Většina španělských odborníků hovoří o animaci ve smyslu sociálně kulturní animace, tj. v původním a nejrozšířenějším pojetí animace vůbec. Chápou ji jako druh komunitní činnosti (un tipo de acción comunitaria), jejímž hlavním cílem je vyvolat v jednotlivcích i skupinách aktivní participační postoj k procesu vlastního osobnostního a sociálního rozvoje. Text zachycuje nejvýznamnější vývojové momenty rozvoje sociálně-kulturní animace ve Španělsku od prvopočátků do doby současné s ohledem na její ukotvení v dobovém a společenském kontextu. Zaměřuje se na tři modality sociálně-kulturní animace ve Španělsku, které stanovil v 90. letech 20. století V. Ventoso Pérez a na aktuální situaci sociálně-kulturního animačního modelu ve Španělsku. Dále se zabývá otázkou profesionalizace animace a animátora, analyzuje aktuálně existující vzdělávací a profesionální profily sociálněkulturní animace ve Španělsku. Součástí textu je stručné přiblížení sociálně-kulturní animace v latinskoamerickém světě, resp. ve vybraných zemích hispánského světa (např. v Argentině, Ekvádoru a Mexiku) a určení základních shodných či rozdílných rysů se sociálně-kulturní animací španělskou.
(Dis)Engaging with Race Theory
Authors: Hom Sabrina L. ,   DePaul University
Published: April 2018

Rebecca Tuvel’s controversial “In Defense of Transracialism” has been criticized for a lack of engagement with critical race theory. Disengagement with salient material on race is a consistent feature of the philosophical conversation out of which it arises. In this article, I trace the origins of feminist philosophy’s disengaged and distorted view of “transracialism” and racial passing through the work of Janice Raymond, Christine Overall, and Cressida Heyes, and consider some of the relevant work on passing that is omitted in the philosophy of “transracialism.” Finally, I offer methodological suggestions to avoid such distortions and omissions in feminist philosophy.
There’s No Regime beyond Representation
Authors: Fiserova Michaela ,   DePaul University
Published: April 2018

The paper invites a rethink of the political conception of Jacques Rancière, a philosopher who devoted considerable reflexion to the problem of the sharing of the sensible. Rancière proposes considering the aesthetic regime without the concept of representation. According to the author, this leads him to a paradox: on the one hand, he states that the aesthetic regime takes images for art; on the other hand, he doesn’t pay attention to the fact that it shouldn’t be possible to conceive of any regime of sharing without the concept of representation. Therefore, the author proposes a deconstructive reading of Rancière’s critique of representation, demonstrating that if the contemporary image is conceived and produced in order to be shared, it can’t be freed from representation. Finally, the author puts forth the notion of meta-representation as a solution avoiding Rancière’s antinomies.
Poetry as Dark Precursor
Authors: Hall Joshua M. ,   DePaul University
Published: April 2018

The present article utilizes the Nietzschean “poetics” distilled from Nietzsche’s Gay Science as an interpretive strategy for considering Deleuze’s essay “Literature and Life” in Essays Critical and Clinical. The first section considers Deleuze’s overarching project in that essay, and then repositions his thought from literature in general to “poetry” (in Nietzsche’s sense) in particular, indicating both resonances between Deleuze’s understanding of “literature” and Nietzsche’s understanding of “poetry” as well as their dissonances. The second section focuses on the places in Deleuze’s analyses where he excludes poetry, and suggests that this exclusion is related to Nietzsche’s claim that lyric poetry is the birthplace of philosophy. Put differently, the being of lyric poetry threatens to disrupt Deleuze’s distinction between the respective roles and powers of philosophy and art, and thereby to disclose poets as, at least potentially (or “virtually”), philosophers, and vice versa. And the final section offers one of Rainer Maria Rilke’s Sonnets to Orpheus as an exemplar of poetry’s philosophical potential, before concluding that a Nietzschean conception of poetry constitutes the “dark precursor” of “Literature in Life,” Essays Critical and Clinical, and Deleuze’s work in general.
Alexandre Kojève
Authors: Varela Jorge ,   DePaul University
Published: April 2018

This article approaches the political mythology of authority through an interpretation of Kojève’s reading of authority. The deployment of discourses directed at the creation of common meanings arises as the central vector of authority, shared temporalities being the foremost among them. At a time of the presence of authority´s absence the master narratives that aim at bringing together that which remains apart cannot be recognized as unified. What remains as the realm of commonality is the very absence of authority.
ESSENTIAL OIL YIELD AND COMPOSITION OF NATIVE SPECIES OF THE MYRTACEAE FAMILY FROM “CAMPOS GERAIS” OF THE ATLANTIC FOREST IN PARANA STATE
Authors: Amaral Wanderlei Do , Deschamps Cícero , Silva Luiz Everson Da , Bizzo Humberto R. , Pinto Marco Antonio Silva , Biasi Luiz Antonio
Published: April 2018

The Myrtaceae family has great occurrence in Brazil, mainly in the Atlantic Forest of the South and Southeast regions and presents potential for essential oil production. This work aimed to evaluate the essential oil yield and composition of the species Myrciaria delicatula, Campomanesia xantocarpha, Campomanesia aurea, Calyptranthes clusiifolia, Myrcia splendens, Eugenia osoriana, Myrciaria tenella, Myrceugenia reitzii, Calyptranthes concinna e Myrcia arborensis from a segment of the Atlantic Forest of Parana State. The essential oil extraction was carried out by hydrodistillation of fresh and dried leaves using a Clevenger type apparatus and the chemical composition was analyzed by gas phase chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Myrceugenia reitzii showed eesential oil yield superior to other species and the essential oil yield of all species increased after drying. The chemical composition in the samples showed mono and sesquiterpenes , being the sesquiterpenes in higher percentages. The drying conditions affected the essential oil  composition of the for the majority of the evaluated species.
A distribuição Lindley potência inversa: diferentes métodos de estimação
Authors: Menezes André Felipe Berdusco , Mazucheli Josmar , Barco Kelly Vanessa Parede
Published: April 2018

The identification of outliers plays an important role in the statistical analysis, since such observations may contain important information regarding the hypotheses of the study. If classical statistical models are blindly applied to data containing atypical values, the results may be misleading and mistaken decisions can be made. Moreover, in practical situations, the outliers themselves are often the special points of interest and their identification may be the main objective of the investigation. In this way, it was proposed to propose a technique of detection of multivariate outliers, based on cluster analysis and to compare this technique with the method of identification of outliers via Mahalanobis Distance. For data generation, Monte Carlo method simulation and the mixed multivariate normal distribution technique were used. The results presented in the simulations showed that the proposed method was superior to the Mahalanobis method for both sensitivity and specificity, that is, it presented greater ability to correctly diagnose outliers and non-outliers individuals. In addition, the proposed methodology was illustrated with an application in real data from the health area.
Identificação de áreas potenciais para criação de unidades de conservação no Vale do Rio Piquirí, Paraná
Authors: Borges Larissa Stevanato , Bilmayer Ana Flávia , Mezzomo Maristela Denise Moresco
Published: April 2018

In Brazil, Conservation Units are considered important instruments for institutionalizing nature conservation actions. Several aspects should be considered in the choice of new areas for creation of these, as environmental, social and economic elements. In this perspective, it is discussed the importance of considering, within the environmental aspect, geoecological criteria when choosing and delimiting new areas, mainly considering the conservation of soils, water and vegetation. Based on this discussion, specific criteria were applied to identify potential areas on the creation of new conservation units in five municipalities in the state of Paraná. The methodology followed studies already existing in the literature and the results were organized through representative figures. The final analysis of the discussion and application, demonstrates that the indicated areas present potential in terms of nature conservation, and that this potential is directly linked to attempts to conserve areas that are threatened by anthropic use and occupation.
Trends in the application of multimetric indexes in Brazil: scienciometric analyses related to fish Fauna
Authors: Ticiani Douglas , Bogoni Raquel Fernanda , Eichelberger Ana Cristina Algeri , Berlatto Amanda Frigo , Medeiros Gabriela , Delariva Rosilene Luciana
Published: April 2018

The evaluation of biotic integrity through multimetric analysis of the attributes of fish fauna is recognized as an important tool for water management and conservation policies. In this sense, the present study sought to elucidate tendencies in the use of the most used metrics in multimetric indices (MMIs), based on the fish assemblage, in Brazil. An electronic search of the literature was carried out in indexing databases of periodicals. The criteria used for the selection of scientific articles were to be carried out in Brazilian territory and the use of MMI with fish. Of total, 51.9% of the studies were applied in streams, with no temporal pattern. The highest concentration of studies was observed in the southeast region. In all, 99 different metrics were used, highlighting attributes related to trophic, tolerance and species composition. There was a increment of specific metrics over the years and environments, with the exception of rivers. In comparison to other environments, streams had significantly different metrics. Difficulties in the MMI proposal in Brazil are linked to the selection of aspects that characterize the condition of a habitat before the diagnosis of the ecological components in the classification of the environmental quality.
Normal–Poisson distribution as a lifetime of a series system
Authors: Mahmoudi Eisa , Mahmoodian Hamed , Esfandiari Fatemeh
Published: April 2018

In this paper, we introduce a new three parameter skewed distribution. This new class which is obtained by compounding the normal and Poisson distributions, is presented as an alternative to the class of skew-normal and normal distributions, among others. Different properties of this new distribution have been investigated. The density and distribution functions of proposed distribution, are given by a closed expression which allows us to easily compute probabilities, moments and related measurements. Estimation of the parameters of this new model using maximum likelihood method via an EM-algorithm is given. Finally, some applications of this new distribution to real data are given.
Staphylococcus aureus Genotypes of Subclinical Bovine Mastitis Milk in the Middle Western Anatolia
Authors: Kanber Gülgün , Kenar Beytullah , Güven Kiymet
Published: April 2018

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is the most common etiological pathogen of bovine mastitis. Subclinical mastitis is characterised by a non-alteration of the milk but can cause food poisoning by production of enterotoxins in milk. Knowledge about the genetic variability within different S. aureus populations would help in the design of efficient treatments to prevent subclinical mastitis and provide useful data for epidemiological studies. The aim of this study was to characterize the genetic nature of the S. aureus cultured from subclinical bovine mastitis occurring in 16 farms in the middle western Anatolia.
Methods: Two hundred sixty eight milk samples positive with California Mastitis Test (CMT) suggesting the subclinical mastitis of lactating cows in 16 different farms in the Middle Western Anatolia were collected and S. aureus were isolated. Identification was carried out by traditional tests and ribotyping confirmed the identification. Staphylococcal Enterotoxins (SE) were detected and typed by Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Test Reversed Passive Latex Agglutination (SET-RPLA) test kit. Genetic characterisation of the isolates was carried out by both ribotyping and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).
Results: A total of 77 isolates of S. aureus were purified and analysed by both biochemical identification and genotyping. Only 4 isolates (5.19 %) of S. aureus were recorded as enterotoxin positive. Genetic characterisation of the isolates was carried out by ribotyping revealed eight ribotypes while pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was more discriminative representing 19 pulsotypes.
Conclusion: This study shows no significant association between enterotoxin production, ribogroup and pulsotype profile of the S. aureus isolates collected from the Middle Western Anatolia.
Effect of Parity on Productive Performance and Calving Interval in Water Buffaloes
Authors: Nava-Trujillo Héctor , Escalona-Muñoz Juan , Carrillo-Fernández Freygelinne , Parra-Olivero Aldo
Published: April 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the parity on productive performance (lactation length, total milk yield and milk yield by day of calving interval) and calving interval in water buffaloes. For this purpose, records of 663 lactations from 248 buffaloes were evaluated. Total milk yield was 1344.91 liters, lactation length was 291.20 days, calving interval was 453.55 days and milk by day of calving was 2.77 liters. Parity did not significantly affect total milk yield, but had a significant effect on lactation length, calving interval and milk by day of calving interval. First calving buffaloes had a longer lactation, a longer calving interval and in consequence lower productivity than buffaloes with two and three or more calving. Second calving buffaloes had intermediate and significantly different values than buffaloes with three or more calving. Calving interval was positively correlated with total milk yield (r = 0.34983, p <0.0001) and length of lactation (r = 0.67408, p = <0.0001); and negatively with milk by day of calving (r = -0.41263, p<0.0001). In conclusion, parity affected the productive performance and calving interval, with buffaloes of one and two calving being less productive due to a longer calving interval. An increase of milk yield is related with a longer calving interval, therefore, buffaloes of one and two calving, must be provided with optimal management conditions, which allow them to support milk yield and not to compromise the reproductive performance
Desenvolvimento de sistema para reprodução e análise de curvas forçadistensão em tendões calcâneos de ratos
Authors: Da Silva Flávio Santos , Marques Manilo Soares , Silva Jodonai Barbosa da , Abreu Bento João , Neto Osvaldo Trigueiro , Corrêa Márcio Assolin
Published: April 2018

Introdução: Embora seja o mais forte dentre os tendões humanos, o tendão calcâneo (TC) é comumente afetado por condições patológicas e/ou traumáticas. Apesar da prevalência e tratamento complexo, a patomecânica da tendinopatia do calcâneo continua desconhecida. Equipamentos capazes de mensurar as propriedades biomecânicas de TCs são indispensáveis em estudos que visam elucidar fatores responsáveis pela tendinopatia ou que influenciem o reparo tecidual. Objetivo: Desenvolver um dispositivo, de baixo custo, acoplado a célula de carga para avaliação biomecânica de TCs de ratos, alcançando reprodutibilidade de resultados em conformidade com a literatura. Metodologia: Após calibração do sistema (relação entre Tensão de saída e Força), seis TCs controle

e seis TCs previamente lesionados foram extraídos de ratos Wistar, anexados ao dispositivo e submetidos à sobrecarga gradual até o ponto de ruptura total. Foram analisados a força máxima (N), distensão máxima (mm), coeficiente de rigidez (N/mm) e energia absorvida no ponto de ruptura (N.mm). Resultados: Os TCs lesionados demonstraram menor força máxima (27,15 ± 6,67 N) em comparação aos controles (41,02 ± 10,19 N). Ainda, exibiram redução significativa na rigidez (controle 20,37 ± 6,61; lesionados 12,99 ± 2,22 N/mm). Não se observou diferença na distensão máxima e energia absorvida entre os grupos. Conclusão: Os dados obtidos verificam a confiabilidade do sistema, o qual constitui uma ferramenta eficiente para investigação das propriedades mecânicas de TCs em modelos de tendinopatia e reparo tecidual.
Avaliação das alterações físico-funcionais na coluna lombar de trabalhadores de uma empresa moveleira
Authors: Wibelinger Lia Mara , Oliveira Suelen Wegher , Silveira Michele Marinho da
Published: April 2018

Introdução: Os problemas relacionados à coluna vertebral, mais especificamente as lombalgias, atingem grande parte da população trabalhadora, gerando altos custos sociais e torrnando-se um importante causa de limitação em consequência da dor. Objetivo: analisar as alterações físico-funcionais na coluna lombar de trabalhadores de uma indústria moveleira. Metodologia: Trata-se de um

estudo quatitativo , transversal que utilizou como instrumentos para avaliar o nível de alterações posturais a ferramenta OWAS (Ovako Working Posture Analysing System), para a incapacidade funcional o RMDQ (Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire). Resultados: a maioria dos funcionários apresentaram dores em sua coluna lombar por permanecerem muito tempo em posição bípede, além de

não utilizarem mecanização para realizar o levantamento e abaixamento das peças e caixas no setor de carregamento. Conclusão: propor soluções que favoreçam uma melhor acoplagem entre os trabalhadores e suas atividades para reduzir, dessa forma, as dores na coluna lombar.
Suplementação com L-arginina associada ao exercício resistido melhora a força muscular e impede o aumento da glicemia de ratos diabéticos
Authors: Braga da Silva Tharciano Luiz Teixeira , Mota Marcelo Mendonça , Fontes Milene Tavares , Soares Ana Paula Dos Santos , Barreto André Sales , Marçal Anderson Carlos , Santos Marcio Roberto Viana
Published: April 2018

Introdução: Diversas terapêuticas têm sido empregadas no controle do diabetes. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação com L-arginina e do exercício resistido, isolado ou combinado sobre a massa corporal, glicemia e a força muscular de ratos diabéticos. Metodologia: Ratos Wistar foram divididos em 6 grupos: Controle (CON, n = 5), estimulado eletricamente (EE, n = 5), diabético sedentário (DS, n = 5), diabético L-arginina (DL-Arg, n = 5), diabético treinado (DT, n = 5) e diabético treinado + L-arginina (DT + L-Arg, n = 5). O diabetes foi induzido através da administração de aloxano na dose única de 40 mg/kg, i.v., duas semanas antes do início dos protocolos. Foi avaliada a massa corporal, glicemia e a força muscular no início, a cada duas semanas e no final das 6 semanas dos procedimentos experimentais. Resultados: No início do estudo, o DS apresentou um aumento significativo (p < 0,001) da glicemia quando comparado com o CON. Após as 6 semanas de estudo os animais do grupo DT e DT + L-Arg obtiveram um aumento significativo (p < 0,01 e p < 0,001; respectivamente) nos níveis de força quando comparado com o DS. Os animais DT + L-Arg apresentaram uma redução significativa (p < 0,001) da glicemia plasmática ao longo do tratamento quando comparado com o DS. Conclusão: A suplementação com L-arginina associada ao exercício resistido aumenta a força muscular e promove um equilíbrio metabólico em animais diabéticos.
A Educação e a Produção Científica Brasileira
Authors: Silva Filho Penildon
Published: April 2018

R. Ci. med. biol., Salvador, v.11, n.1, p.03-04, jan./abr. 2012 3

Patrícia Barroso

EDITORIAL

ISSN 1677-5090

 2010 Revista de Ciências Médicas e Biológicas

A Educação e a Produção Científica Brasileira

A CAPES lançou recentemente, durante a 65ª Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira para o Progresso da

Ciência (SBPC), dia 23 de julho, o livro “A pós-graduação e a evolução da produção científica brasileira”, de autoria

de Elenara Chaves Edler Almeida e Jorge Almeida Guimarães, atual presidente da CAPES.

O livro é fruto da tese de doutorado defendida por Elenara Almeida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em

Educação em Ciência: Química da Vida e Saúde, do Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde da Universidade Federal

do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). O conteúdo da obra foi organizado em três capítulos, "1. A comunicação científica

e o desenvolvimento da ciência"; "2. Pós-graduação no Brasil: o caso da Capes"; "3. O Portal de Periódicos da

Capes". A apresentação do livro foi feita por Abilio Afonso Baeta Neves, que presidiu a Capes de 1995 a 2003,

período da criação do Portal de Periódicos. O livro analisa a produção científica nacional, sendo que no momento

o país conta com cerca de 28 mil grupos de pesquisa com 129 mil pesquisadores trabalhando em 452 instituições.

A produção de ciência passa por um período de crescimento notável, exponencial mesmo, de publicações de

artigos e projetos de pesquisa, acompanhado pelo aumento da oferta de programas de pós-graduação stricto

sensu (mestrado e doutorado). A publicação do referido livro sedimenta a percepção de que a Ciência Brasileira

continua avançando mais rapidamente que a média mundial, garantindo que a posição do nosso país venha

crescendo em comparação com outros países...
Novas abordagens sobre os fatores de virulência de Candida albicans
Authors: Naves Plínio Lázaro Faleiro , Pinto Santana Diogenes , Leão Ribeiro Evandro , Severo Menezes Antônio Carlos
Published: April 2018

A incidência de infecções fúngicas vem aumentando significativamente nos últimos anos e a levedura Candida albicans é responsável pela maioria destas infecções. Esta levedura comensal é facilmente encontrada na mucosa bucal, trato gastrointestinal, trato urogenital e pele de seres humanos desde o nascimento. Em determinadas circunstâncias, quando ocorre ruptura do equilíbrio biológico devido a fatores predisponentes, pode haver um aumento na multiplicação e invasão dos tecidos do hospedeiro por estes micro-organismos.

A expressão de determinados fatores de virulência, tais como adesinas, proteases e fosfolipases, variações fenotípicas e a formação de biofilmes microbianos, facilitam a penetração nos tecidos e conferem uma maior patogenicidade a estas leveduras. Crescendo em biofilme, as células possuem fenótipo alterado e uma resistência extraordinária a muitos antifúngicos, dificultando a erradicação do processo infeccioso. Neste contexto e com base na literatura atual, a presente revisão compila informações sobre os principais fatores de virulência de Candida albicans.
Annacardium occidentale Stem Bark Extract can Decrease the Efficacy of Antimicrobial Drugs
Authors: Dias-Souza Marcus Vinícius , Caldoncelli João Luis , Monteiro Andrea Souza
Published: April 2018

Background: Due to the growing use of phytotherapy clinical strategies for infectious diseases, healthcare providers and patients must know the risks of interactions between such preparations and synthetic drugs. Cashew extracts are widely used in Brazil for complementary treatments of infectious diseases, and often are combined to antimicrobial drugs. However, the possible consequences of such combinations are unknown. Objective: To assess the interference of the Cashew stem bark hydroethanolic extract (CSBE) on certain antimicrobials against clinical isolates of staphylococcal species. Methodology: Antimicrobial susceptibility test and interference assays were performed using gentamycin, ampicilin, ciprofloxacin, G penicillin, neomycin, rifampicin and vancomycin disks. Results: Here we show that the CSBE might reduce the therapeutic activity of some antimicrobial drugs in Staphylococcal species. We found in controlled in vitro assays that the antagonistic effect was seen in all antimicrobial drugs tested for most of the strains and statistically significant differences were found when compared to the control antimicrobials. Our results also indicate the presence of tannins, flavonoids and saponins in the CSBE. Conclusion: Such combinations are suggested to be not adequate for clinical treatments. Further researches are needed for a better understating of such interactions at the molecular level.
A Importância da Estimulação visual em Crianças com Síndrome de Down: Visão dos Profissionais
Authors: Aragão Fernanda Monteiro , De Vasconcelos Thiago Brasileiro , Da Silva Guilherme Pinheiro Ferreira , Montenegro Cláudia Maria , Câmara Teresa Maria Da Silva , Pires Juliana Lerche Vieira Rocha , De Sousa Cristiano Teles , Macena Raimunda Hermelinda Maia , Bastos Vasco Pinheiro Diógenes
Published: April 2018

Introdução: O portador da Síndrome de Down apresenta diversas patologias associadas, entre elas, os distúrbios visuais. O tratamento para essas alterações visuais é realizado através da estimulação visual que é um conjunto de técnicas que estimulam a capacidade perceptiva visual, tendo como objetivo a utilização adequada da visão melhorando o desenvolvimento global da aprendizagem e a qualidade de vida. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo destacar a importância da estimulação visual nas crianças portadoras da Síndrome de Down na visão dos fisioterapeutas e terapeutas ocupacionais. Metodologia: Estudo exploratório, descritivo, longitudinal e observacional, onde foram selecionados fisioterapeutas (n = 6) e terapeutas ocupacionais (n = 6) que trabalham com estimulação visual em crianças portadoras da Síndrome de Down. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário com perguntas abertas, realizado de forma individual. Resultados: Podemos observar que, 8 (67,2%) profissionais possuem mais de seis anos de trabalho com crianças portadoras de Síndrome de Down, 9 (75%) afirmaram que os sinais das alterações visuais aparecem entre um e três anos de idade, 11 (91,6%) utilizam a estimulação visual em seus tratamentos, em média de duas a três vezes por semana, e todos destacaram a importância da estimulação visual. Conclusão: A estimulação visual traz inúmeros benefícios para a criança com Síndrome de Down, visando principalmente minimizar as alterações visuais e a prevenção das complicações decorrentes.
Avaliação e intervenção em um caso de Esquizofrenia de Início Tardio: relato de caso
Authors: Martinelli José Eduardo , Cecato Juliana Francisca , Montiel José Maria , Bartholomeu Daniel
Published: April 2018

Introdução: O envelhecimento populacional é um processo em crescimento e com ele acompanha quadros como a esquizofrenia de início tardio. O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever um caso de esquizofrenia em uma paciente de 92 anos. Anamnese: Portadora de doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica, hipertensão arterial sistêmica, hipotiroidismo, depressão, osteoartrose e osteoporose. Filho relata alucinações visuais e auditivas. Quando questionada a paciente admite o problema e afirma que tem insight sobre as pessoas que vê. As alucinações auditivas são musicais. Formulação clínica: Não apresenta alterações cognitivas desde o início dos sintomas e evolui no período de 26 meses com as alucinações visuais, musicais e nos últimos 4 meses com alucinações sistematizadas. Tem CAMDEX, MEEM, QAFP, TDR, FV e EDG com intervalo de 2 anos mostrando não haver perda significativa na pontuação. Evolução: As

músicas são antigas e de seu conhecimento. Convive com os dois problemas e acha que a música vem de algum clube por perto. Há 4 meses surgiu alucinações sistematizadas em que surge a figura do “Paulo”, seu namorado. Foi tratada com Risperidona 1mg/noite, com boa melhora do quadro. Discussão: Esquizofrenia de início tardio evolui para demência? Paciente não tem perdas cognitivas

principalmente de memória. Não apresenta alucinações persecutórias em nenhum momento. Pode-se dizer que pertence ao grupo com estabilização dos déficits neuropsicológicos. Consideramos o caso como de psicoses funcionais de início tardio, paranóides com presença de alucinações e consciência clara. Conclusão: Com o envelhecimento populacional a incidência de psicoses de início

tardio é cada vez mais frequente, e corriqueira a necessidade de se reconhecer e tratar essas condições adequadamente. Várias razões faz pensar se a esquizofrenia de início tardio seria uma apresentação retardada da esquizofrenia ou uma entidade distante.
Avaliação da Microinfiltração de dois diferentes materiais restauradores
Authors: Fava Marcelo , Alves Levy
Published: April 2018

Objetivo: Comparar, in vitro, a microinfiltração marginal de uma resina composta híbrida (RCH) e uma resina composta modificada por poliácidos (RCP). Metodologia: Vinte dentes pré-molares foram utilizados, preparos do tipo slot vertical foram confeccionados (3 x 2 x 2 mm) nas faces mesiais. Os dentes foram divididos aleatoriamente em 2 grupos (10 dentes cada). Grupo 1: condicionados com H3PO4 (37%, 15s), lavados e secos com jatos de ar, sistema adesivo de duas etapas Single Bond (3M) e restaurados com RCH

(Z250 – 3M). Grupo 2: submetidos ao mesmo tratamento adesivo, porém, restaurados com RCP (Dyract – Dentsply). Após acabamento e polimento, foram armazenados em solução fisiológica, por 24h, ciclados termicamente (500 ciclos, 5º e 55º C, imersão por 30s) e impermeabilizados com duas camadas de esmalte (Colorama), deixando-se uma fenestração de 1mm ao redor da restaurações. Em

seguida, foram imersos em azul de metileno (0,5%, pH= 7,2), por 4 horas, lavados, secos com papel absorvente, e seccionados no sentido mésio-distal. Os dentes foram avaliados em estereomicroscópio e o grau de infiltração foi classificado de acordo com a escala: 0 – sem infiltração marginal; 1 – Infiltração até a junção amelodentinária; 2 – infiltração ultrapassando a junção amelodentinária e

atingindo a dentina; 3 – infiltração atingindo a parede axial do preparo. Resultados: Os resultados do teste exato de permutação bicaudal evidenciaram que não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos (p-value 1.00 > 0.05). Conclusão: Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os dois materiais, porém, as diferenças clínicas entre ambos acontecem quando verificados os tempos de manipulação e consistência.