bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of congenital malformations in newborn
Authors: Pandya Munjal Jayeshkumar , Pandya Janki Munjal , Pandya Manish R , Dabhi Gira
Published: August 2022

First trimester in pregnancy is majorly about “Organogenesis”, formation and development of embryo, and then progression to fetus. Insult to the stages of this organogenesis leads to various anomalies; including malformations. Lack of nutrition, folate deficiency, genetic factors, teratogenic drugs or environmental exposure can lead to such malformed embryo/fetus. Viability of such fetus depends on the system affected, and the severity. Many fetus do not survive major defects, but some may reach to the stage of live births, causing major problems for survival, growth and development. The psychological impact on the couple, along with future financial strain on possible treatments are additional burdens. There have been few investigations, now made available for diagnosing many of such malformations in earlier stages of pregnancy; making us able to detect them, so that with proper counselling of the couple and possible outcome, we can take decisions on continuation or termination of pregnancy.

This was a prospective study, where we studied 200 newborns who were born with congenital malformations, during time period of January 2017 to December 2019. There were total 15687 deliveries in the said time period, making the incidence of congenital malformations to be 1.27%. Most commonly involved system was central nervous system (39%), followed by musculoskeletal system (25%), followed by gastrointestinal system (11%).
Interstate differences in institutional delivery and Caesarean section rates in India
Authors: Ramachandran Prema , Kalaivani K
Published: August 2022

In the last two decades, India witnessed a steep rise in institutional delivery (ID) rates and some increase in Caesarean section (CS) rates. Analysis of raw data from three major surveys was undertaken with the objective of identifying factors associated with both low and high institutional deliveries and Caesarean rates so that appropriate locale specific corrective interventions can be initiated.

The raw data from NFHS4, AHS and DLHS4 were analysed to assess urban-rural and interstate differences in ID and CS rates in government and private institutions and CS rates in relation to sociodemographic and obstetric profile of the woman.

At national level 3/4 of women had ID. There were substantial interstate variations (50·4% to 99·8%). ID rates were higher in urban areas and in DLHS4 states. CS rate in ID at the national level was 18·5%; CS rates in ID were higher in urban areas, in DLHS4 states and in private institutions in all states. Interstate differences in CS rate were high (2·4% in government institutions in Bihar to 69·2% in private institutions in West Bengal. CS rates were higher in urban, educated women from higher SLI group delivering in private institutions.

National surveys help in identifying the states and institutions with lower ID rates and higher CS rates and enable the initiation of appropriate interventions to strengthen institutions. Awareness generation about adverse consequences of home deliveries and CS without obstetric indications will hasten the progress towards universal institutional delivery and optimal CS rates.
Is AKI a menace in COVID pregnancy?
Authors: Dugyala Suchetha , Vellanki Janaki , Roohi Aliya
Published: August 2022

COVID-19 is primarily thought to be a respiratory sickness, however because SARS-CoV-2 targets human cells, it can also damage the kidney. The most concerning complication in COVID-19 patients is acute kidney damage (AKI). Hypovolemia, cytokine storm, and collapsing glomerulopathy are all factors to consider. Our interest in the topic stems from an increasing number of articles that demonstrate a strong link between AKI development and greater mortality in COVID-19 patients. Although our understanding of the role of the kidneys especially in pregnancy with SARS-CoV-2 infection is constantly evolving and remains unexplored. We have studied 66 pregnant women with COVID 19 infection and AKI and we present an overview of the possible patho mechanisms of AKI in COVID-19, its clinical features, risk factors, impact on hospitalization, and management with renal replacement therapy in relation to pregnancy.
Role of MRI in pre-operative staging of endometrial cancer: A diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Kharde Anup , Mane Swapnil , Phulambrikar Rutuja , Narwane Sandeep
Published: August 2022

Endometrial cancer (EC) is a commonly occurring cancer among post-menopausal women. Pre-treatment imaging of the extent of disease can influence the decisions in the management of EC. MRI with its diffusion weighted (DW) images can help in better depiction of the primary tumour, its local extension and extrauterine spread to the peritoneum and lymph nodes. This study was conducted to know the role of MRI for pre-operative staging of endometrial cancer and as a guide for pelvic lymph nodal dissection.

It was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care hospital patients diagnosed with primary endometrial adenocarcinoma on biopsy. Patients with advanced disease requiring chemotherapy prior to surgery were excluded. Fifty consecutive patients were subjected to MRI Pelvis with abdominal screening in the week preceding definitive surgery, Findings from imaging were compared with final histopathology for concurrence on tumour size, depth of myometrial invasion, presence of adnexal, nodal and cervical stromal involvement.

Majority of the patients in this study were post-menopausal women. Sensitivity of MRI for staging of Endometrial Carcinoma in this study was 91.84% and Accuracy was 90%. When compared to HPE for lymph node positivity, MRI had sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 97.87%, PPV of 75%, NPV of 100% and accuracy of 98%.

Pre-operative MRI in the week prior to the planned surgery can help in accurately staging the endometrial carcinoma in terms of myometrial infiltration, cervical stromal infiltration as well as pelvic lymph nodal involvement.
Dermoid cyst of ovary: A common pathology with an uncommon presentation
Authors: Roy Asitava Deb , Karn Shraddha , Sehgal Chandni , Mukherjee Mala , Kaur Harpreet , Mandal Aindrila
Published: August 2022

Mature cystic teratoma of ovary is the most common germ cell tumour and also the most common tumour of the ovary. It accounts for more than 20% of all the ovarian neoplams. In spite of it being so common, the cut section of such a tumour containing multiple sebaceous balls of varying sizes is quite a rare presentation. Extensive literature search has revealed only few such cases reported in the practice of gynaecology. Here, we present a case of benign cystic teratoma of ovary in a 30-year-old lady with similar presentation.
A rare case of giant broad ligament leiomyoma mimicking ovarian malignancy
Authors: Kadian Bhopesh , Singla Sanjeev , Virmani Rohit , Dwivedi Garima
Published: August 2022

Broad ligament leiomyomas are uncommon but when they occur they can present in varying degrees of bladder and bowel obstruction. A definite diagnosis of the broad ligament leiomyoma was made after histopathological report of the specimen obtained after operating the patient.

A 45 years old female had a history of pain in abdomen and increase abdominal girth for 6 months. On the basis of CT scan a diagnosis of left adnexal mass was made. She was advised surgery and subsequently a mass of 30 cm x 21 cm x 22 cm was resected which weighed 11.05 kgs.

: Hyaline degeneration 8 is most common among all of the secondary changes in leiomyomas. However, a dilemma in diagnosis caused by myxoid degeneration. In present case there is presence of both hyaline and myxoid degeneration.

This is a unique presentation of a broad ligament leiomyoma which mimicked ovarian malignancy for which staging laparotomy was done.
Conservative management of uterine necrosis following bilateral uterine vessels ligation and B-Lynch suture: Long term follow up
Authors: Dasari Paapa
Published: August 2022

A 29-year-old second gravida, previous abortion with twins, was induced at 32 weeks because of severe pre-eclampsia. Emergency caesarean section was needed for the second of twins, at which time she had an atonic postpartum haemorrhage. Bilateral uterine vessel ligation followed by B-Lynch suture was undertaken due to failure of medical measures. Post-operatively she had a stormy course with high spiking temperature and distension of abdomen and on imaging suspected foreign body in the uterus or uterine necrosis. At laparotomy, there was 6 liters of foul-smelling peritoneal fluid, and there was a deep groove on the uterus with impending perforation and partial necrosis of the uterus. After removing the suture, the perfusion slowly resumed, and hysterectomy was deferred. After five months, she expelled a necrotic tissue of the uterine cast. After six months, she resumed menstruation, and after three years, she had an intrauterine pregnancy, and presently, at five years, she has regular menstruation.
A case of ovarian torsion in early pregnancy after ovulation induction-diagnostic dilemma and management
Authors: Krishnamurthy Aparna , Maiti Shyamal , Maiti GD
Published: August 2022

Ovarian torsion is one of the common gynaecologic surgical emergencies. Ovarian stimulation in infertility treatment has become a major risk factor for ovarian torsion. The diagnosis of the condition is challenging in early pregnancy and timely diagnosis can prevent morbidity of both mother and foetus. We present a case of 28 years old primi gravida known case of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) conceived after ovulation induction, at 7 weeks period of gestation with right ovarian torsion. Laparoscopic untwisting of the ovarian pedicle and debulking of multiple follicular ovarian cysts bilaterally was done. Patient withstood the surgery well and the pregnancy continued uneventfully. The patient progressed to deliver a healthy male baby at 40 completed weeks of gestation.
Suspicious ultrasound markers of joubert syndrome can lead to early prenatal diagnosis
Authors: Tyagi Shefali , Bhagat Swapnil
Published: August 2022

Joubert syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disease associated with many signs and symptoms. Joubert syndrome (JS) was first discovered by Marie Joubert in 1969. Joubert’s syndrome presents as low muscle tone (hypotonia), have difficulty coordinating movements (ataxia), have episodes of fast or slow breathing and abnormal eye movement (ocular motor apraxia). Developmental delay and intellectual disability generally accompany. Additional findings can include retinal dystrophy, renal disease, ocular colobomas, occipital encephalocele, hepatic fibrosis, polydactyly, oral hamartomas, and endocrine abnormalities. Both intra- and interfamilial variation are seen. The main aim should be to diagnose these cases antenatally. Number of ultrasound features have been described which are indicator of possibility of Joubert’s syndrome. The confirmatory diagnosis then can be done by MRI. We describe a case of suspicious JS prenatally who had previous baby diagnosed as JS after termination at 20 weeks. We also discuss the antenatal diagnostic management of pregnancies who have a previous history or at high risk of Joubert’s syndrome.
Metastatic leiomyosarcoma of vault post – hysterectomy
Authors: Muthuraman Alamelu Varsha , Deshpande S A
Published: August 2022

Fibroids/Leiomyomas are the most common benign mesenchymal neoplasms and consist of smooth muscle cells with variable amounts of fibrous stoma. Atypical leiomyomas are rare forms of myoma (fibroid uterus), of which recurrent atypical leiomyoma post hysterectomy is rarer and its converting into leiomyosarcoma rising from the vault is rarest. The tumor occurs most frequently in uterus, affecting 20-30% of women of reproductive age. We report a case of 51 years old P4L4A2 patient presented with complaints of PV bleeding for 4 days, hysterectomy was done 1 year back for chronic nonspecific cervicitis and cervical leiomyomatous polyp. In January 2022, polypoidal growth from vault for which Laparoscopic excision of the mass was performed, Sample has been sent for histopathology and suggestive of mitotically active leiomyoma. Radical vaginectomy and reconstruction was done, small bowel deposits was found and diagnosed as Metastatic Leiomyosarcoma. Hence, diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma should always kept in mind though the patient is hysterectomized.
Development Effectiveness Overview (DEO) 2022
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank,   IDB Invest,   IDB Lab
Published: August 2022

The Development Effectiveness Overview (DEO) is an annual report produced by the IDB Group to share the results and impact of its work in Latin America and the Caribbean. It showcases the IDB Group's contributions towards the development of its 26 borrowing member countries in the region and the Sustainable Development Goals, as well as progress against key institutional metrics in its Corporate Results Framework.
Strategi Pemimpin dalam Meningkatkan Budaya Organisasi yang Islami
Authors: Darmawati Darmawati
Published: August 2022

There's been a lot of talk lately about the leadership crisis. This happens not only within the scope of the organization, but also the leaders of a region and even a country.We can judge that the conventional management system is seen as unsuitable for a government institution or an organization in Indonesia because of many shortcomings and weaknesses. One management that has been proven to be good starting from the time of the Prophet Muhammad is to apply Islamic management. If the leader already has the qualities and concepts of the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad, then the organization will be easy to run in accordance with Islamic management and easy to shape the quality of human resource management that is guided by the totality of Islamic life which is strategic in the context of developing a complete Islamic environment, namely faith and piety to Allah SWT, professional, intellectual, disciplined and efficient.
FILM DANGAL DALAM ANALISIS JACQUES DERRIDA
Authors: Minah Noor , Kumari Fatrawati
Published: August 2022

This paper examines the Indian film Dangal which is taken from a true story about gender injustice experienced by female wrestling athletes. This fact encourages women's wrestling athletes' gender struggle efforts that result in gender equality. The courage of this film to raise the issue of gender struggle needs to be investigated using Jacques Derrida's analysis. By using descriptive-qualitative method and Derrida's philosophical analysis, this research finds several things. First, there is gender inequality experienced by Indian women in the field of wrestling because of the strength of the patriarchal system. Second, there is logocentrism, namely the logic of thinking that is centered on male authority which is detrimental to women. Third, there is a binary opposition that attaches women to evil while men to good. Third, gender struggle in the form of narrative battles to reveal differance, namely efforts to blur the meaning of women's traditional identities followed by deconstruction of the patriarchal system which finally achieves gender equality in the sport of wrestling.
DO’A KASSAH: TRADISI TOLAK BALA MASYARAKAT MELAYU DESA MUARA JEKAK AGAR TERHINDAR DARI BENCANA
Authors: Wulandari Wanda , Elmansyah Elmansyah
Published: August 2022

Abstract: Kassah prayer is a tradition of rejecting reinforcements for the people of Muara Jekak Village which is routinely carried out when facing a disaster. Kassah prayer is a form of request to God Almighty to be given protection and safety. This research was conducted using a qualitative-descriptive method. The subjects in this study were community leaders in Muara Jekak Village and traditional leaders who organized the Kassah prayer ritual. The object of this research is the implementation of the Kassah prayer tradition in the people of Muara Jekak Village. Data collection techniques in this study were interviews, documentation, and observation. The data analysis technique used descriptive-qualitative analysis technique. The results of this study indicate that the traditional ritual of the Kassah prayer is carried out by making diamonds, then throwing them in front and behind the house. Next, a meeting was held at one point to eat together. In addition, the Kassah prayer is carried out every year by the people of Muara Jekak to refuse reinforcements (disasters) in the hope that the village will always be safe, peaceful, and peaceful.Keywords: Kassah Prayer, Malay People; Muara Jekak; Tradition; Tolak Bala Abstrak: Do’a kassah adalah sebuah tradisi tolak bala pada masyarakat Desa Muara Jekak yang rutin dilakukan ketika menghadapi suatu bencana. Do’a kassah merupakan bentuk permohonaan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Kuasa agar diberikan perlindungan dan keselamatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah tokoh masyarakat Desa Muara Jekak dan tokoh adat penyelenggara ritual do’a kassah. Objek penelitian ini adalah pelaksanaan tradidi do’a kassah pada masyarakat Desa Muara Jekak. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif-kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ritual tradisi do’a kassah ini dilakukan dengan membuat ketupat, kemudian dilempar di depan dan di belakang rumah. Selanjutnya, diadakan pertemuan di satu titik untuk makan bersama. Selain itu, do’a kassah dilakukan setiap tahun oleh masyarakat Muara Jekak untuk menolak bala (bencana) dengan harapan agar desa selalu aman, damai, dan tentram.Kata Kunci: Doa Kassah, Masyarakat Melayu; Muara jekak; Tradisi; Tolak Balak
What is Six-Questions Cognitive Model?
Authors: Wijaya Tommy Tanu
Published: August 2022

Knowledge transfer is not easy especially for mathematics. Various factors need to be considered and think about how to transfer the knowledge effectively. The traditional teaching method does not help students to achieve deep learning and to solve this problem, there is a need to new learning method. The 6-questions cognitive model is a new learning model that is developed in China in 2012. This model can stand on its own or be combined with technology-based learning media. This research aims to introduce the 6-questions cognitive model by using a qualitative method. Researchers did literature research to know the deeper meaning of the 6-questions cognitive model. The result of this research shows that the cognitive model can help students to achieve deep learning and it can also be combined with a technology-based learning media. Teachers can use this research result to teach mathematics in school. Future research can find out about the effect of 6-questions cognitive model on the students' high order thinking skill.
The Development of Guided Inquiry-Based Solubility Equilibrium E-Module
Authors: Wijayadi Andri Wahyu , Fitriyah Lina Arifah , Manasikana Oktaffi Arinna
Published: August 2022

Solubility equilibrium is a basic material of chemistry that involve an abstract concept. The visualization of abstract concept can be presented using the electronic media in the form of pictures, videos, and animations. The guided inquiry is one of the right strategies to teach about solubility equilibrium. The purpose of this research was to develop, determine the validity and the eligibility of the guided inquiry-based solubility equilibrium e-module. This research used Borg and Gall’s development model with 5 stages, which were the product analysis, the initial product development, the expert validation and revision, the field trial, the trial result analysis, and the product revision. The product validity has a very valid criteria in terms of the material, media, and language expert assessment with the average percentages were 96,11%, 83,18%, 90,61%. The students’ response to the product showed that the product was very proper to used in the learning based on the average percentage of 90,61%. That meant the developed guided inquiry-based solubility equilibrium e-module could be one of the teaching materials for basic chemistry course.
Anatomical Description of the Gracilis Muscle in Lesser Anteater (Tamandua tetradactyla)
Authors: de Oliveira Roberto Luiz Ricardo , Soares Antunes Marcelo , Kagohara Andressa , Abidu-Figueiredo Marcelo , Marques da Costa Orlando , Bernardes Lopes Paulo Roberto , Da Silva Alonso Luciano
Published: August 2022

El hormiguero menor (Tamandua tetradactyla) es un mamífero de la familia Myrmecophagidae, que forma parte del superorden Xenarthra. Se encuentra en América del Sur y se distribuye en todos los biomas brasileños. Los aspectos ecológicos de la morfología del hormiguero menor aún son poco conocidos. Este estudio utilizó doce especímenes de Tamandua tetradactyla de género no identificado; un espécimen de perro macho (Canis lupus familiaris); un espécimen de gata (Felis catus); y un espécimen de oveja (Ovis aries), los cuales fueron disecados para evidenciar el origen e inserción del músculo gracilis. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el origen y la inserción del músculo gracilis en el hormiguero menor. El conocimiento sobre los aspectos biomecánicos de las especies terrestres y arbóreas es importante en los estudios ecomorfológicos. En ese contexto, el Tamandua tetradactyla es trepador y utiliza activamente sus extremidades posteriores en aducción cuando trepa por troncos y árboles.
A Study on Humanity from Zhu Xi’s View of Life and Death
Authors:   The Society for Asian Philosophy in Korea, Lim Byeongsik
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the meaning and value of humanity implied by Zhu Xi’s viewpoint of the meaning of life and death. This is aimed to create an opportunity where we can find the answers ourselves from various angles to the essential questions such as what makes us human or what humans live by.
As for the first process, I will briefly examine how the values and significance of advanced Confucianism views on life and death were passed on to Zhu Xi. Second, I would like to examine the characteristics of Zhu Xi's perspectives and human nature by connoting them into three areas: a way of realizing life and death, the public nature of life and death, and the humanity as the transcendence and completion of life and death.
Through this investigation, I would like to suggest the meaning of humanity implied by Zhu Xi’s view of life and death as follows: First, human potential is not based on biological human lifespan, but rather on the realization of one's own nature by continuous humanistic practice based on publicity. Second, this process of practice is a means of fully perceiving the essence of life, and the value and significance of death. Third, death, like life, is a ge-wu [格物] doctrine to explore. After intense practice of the principle of life in everyday life, it would be possible to perceive the “no-disparity-in-birth-and-death” philosophy. Therefore, living everyday life faithfully results ultimately in dying well. Fourth, dying well does not originate from an emphasis on the fear of the phenomenon of death or the afterlife, but rather from deep reflection and practical completion in terms of humanity and values based on the condition of well-living and the value of commonality. Lastly, only when this philosophy is fully made aware of, will the fear derived from the gate of life and death be dispelled by itself as a reward in return.
The Issues and Implications of Ki Jeong-jin’s Theory of Statements that there is only One Principle but the Phenomena Vary
Authors:   The Society for Asian Philosophy in Korea, Bae Je Seong
Published: August 2022

Ki Jeong-jin is the one of the most famous Neo-Confucian theorists of the late Joseon Dynasty, and he is well known as a proposer of the theory of statements that there is only one Principle although the phenomena vary. He particularly emphasizes the role and authority of Principle. His arguments related to the theory were mainly raised in the work of Napryangsaeui. He, in this work, explicitly reveals the intention to resolve the issues of the nature of humans and things in the Ho-hak debate. But he has never directly participated in the debate. Instead, after his death, some debates over Napryangsaeui arose between his students and Jeon Woo.
This paper aims to analyze Ki Jeong-jin’s theory by comparison with the view of Han Wonjin who represents the theory of nature of humans and things in the Ho-hak school, and with the issues of debate between Ki Jeong-jin’s students and Jeon Woo. Particularly, we focused on the matter of relation between ‘completeness and incompleteness’ and ‘original nature’. Through this analysis, we could expand the understanding of the aspects discussed in the theory on the similarities and differences in nature of humans and things, and the significance of Ki Jeong-jin’s theory. Furthermore, in the history of Neo-Confucianism in the Joseon Dynasty, we could shed light on the reconstruction process of the philosophical statements that there is only one Principle but the phenomena vary.
Positioning Research for Impact: Lessons From a Funder During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: de Haan Arjan , Sanchez-Swaren Emma
Published: August 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has reinforced the value of robust, policy-relevant research to inform decision-making and heightened the need for evidence-informed responses to address worsening inequalities. While international development research has the potential to contribute to a more equitable world, research funders grapple with how to ensure that their support best enables researchers to respond to evolving evidence demands and influence policy and practice. This article reflects on lessons emerging from one of the International Development Research Centre’s (IDRC) rapid-response initiatives and highlights the ongoing experiences of our research partners in influencing policy to address the socioeconomic impacts of the pandemic. We conclude that flexibility of funding, promoting Southern leadership and embedded partnerships, and ongoing support for amplification of research results help to ensure that research is positioned for impact amid constantly evolving priorities. This has implications for research funding practices and underlines the importance of addressing inequities in access to research funding.
Compendium sur le lavage des mains dans des contextes pauvres en ressources : Document évolutif 3e édition
Authors: Coultas Mimi , Iyer Ruhil , Myers Jamie
Published: August 2022

Se laver les mains fréquemment et correctement avec du savon est l’une des mesures de prévention les plus importantes pour lutter contre la propagation du coronavirus, en plus des mesures de distanciation physique, éviter de se toucher le visage (les yeux, le nez et la bouche) et pratiquer une bonne hygiène respiratoire, notamment le port d’un masque le cas échéant . L’accès universel à des installations de lavage des mains avec de l’eau et du savon est aussi essentiel si nous voulons atteindre l’Objectif de développement pour le millénaire (ODD) 6.2. Pourtant 40 pour cent des ménages n’ont pas accès à une installationdotée d’eau et de savon, et 18 pour cent d’entre eux ne disposent d’aucune installation (OMS et UNICEF, 2020a). En réponse à la pandémie mondiale de COVID -19, la Sanitation Learning Hub de l’Institute of Development Studies a rapidement préparé le Compendium sur le lavage des mains dans des contextes pauvres en ressources qui peut servir à appuyer un accès accru à des installations et promouvoir des comportements positifs de lavage des mains durant la pandémie et au-delà.
Améliorer l’assainissement rural dans les contextes difficiles
Authors: Tillett Will , Jones Oliver
Published: August 2022

Sur les deux milliards de personnes au monde qui vivent sans accès à, au moins, un assainissement de base, sept sur dix vivent en milieu rural. Des progrès ont été faits pour accroître l’assainissement rural et les niveaux d’accès augmentent, toutefois, il reste difficile d’atteindre le « dernier kilomètre » soit les 10 à 20 pour cent de la population qui vivent dans les contextes les plus rudes. Les facteurs qui affectent la capacité des ménages à construire et utiliser des toilettes, ainsi que les difficultés auxquelles sont confrontés les programmes d’assainissement pour atteindre des groupes spécifiques sont extrêmement variés. Il est prouvé que l’adoption d’approches universelles ne donne pas de bons résultats ; par conséquent, il nous faut des approches plus nuancées, adaptées et ciblées pour refléter l’universalité des Objectifs de développement durable (ODD) et faire en sorte que personne ne soit laissé de côté. Toutefois, nous reconnaissons que les difficultés peuvent être persistantes et qu’il n’existe que peu d’exemples documentés sur la manière de les surmonter de manière systématique. La Sanitation Learning Hub, l’UNICEF et WaterAid ont commandité cette étude pour cartographier les approches d’assainissement rural dans des contextes difficiles et les conseils actuellement prodigués, et pour recenser les expériences et enseignements qui s’en dégagent. Elle a englobé des entretiens avec 44 informateurs clés (EIC) et la consultation de plus de 180 ressources documentaires. Cette Note d’apprentissage donne une vue d’ensemble des conclusions de l’étude.
Key Considerations: 2021 Outbreak of Ebola in Guinea, the Context of N’Zérékoré
Authors: Roth Emmanuelle
Published: August 2022

This brief summarises key considerations about the social, political and economic context shaping the outbreak of Ebola in the N’Zérékoré prefecture, Guinea, as of March 2021. The outbreak was declared on 14 February 2021, two weeks after the death of the first known case, a health agent (Agent Technique de Santé) from Gouécké. Gouécké is located 40km north of N’Zérékoré via the paved Route Nationale 2. The nurse sought care at a health centre in Gouécké, a clinic and then a traditional healer in N’Zérékoré. She died in N’Zérékoré on 28 January. When they became sick, the relatives of the first known case referred themselves to N’Zérékoré regional hospital, where the disease was transmitted to healthcare workers. Although the potential for transmission in rural areas of the Gouécké subprefecture was high, to date, most cases have been reported in the urban setting of N’Zérékoré, which is the focus of this brief. At the time of writing (22 March), the total number of cases was 18 (14 confirmed, four probable), with nine deaths and six recoveries. The last new case was reported on 4 March.
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MEDIA SLIDE POWER POINT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS III PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH AHLIYAH 2 PALEMBANG
Authors: Noprianti Izza Darina , Syarifuddin Ahmad
Published: August 2022

Berhasil atau tidaknya suatu pendidikan ini salah satunya tergantung dari bagaimana cara guru mendidik siswanya. Guru mempunyai tujuan agar materi pelajaran dapat dipahami oleh seluruh siswa yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini membahas tentang Pengaruh Penerapan Media Slide Power Point terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas III pada Mata Pelajaran IPA di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ahliyah 2 Palembang.Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini: Bagaimana hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen yangditerapkan media slide power point pada mata pelajaran IPA di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ahliyah 2 Palembang? Bagaimana hasil belajar siswa kelas kontrol yang tidakditerapkan media slide power point pada mata pelajaran IPA di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ahliyah 2 Palembang?Adakah perbedaan hasil belajar siswa kelas eksperimen  yangditerapkan media slide power point dengan hasil belajar siswa kelas kontrol yang tidak diterapkan media slide power point pada mata pelajaran IPA di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ahliyah 2 Palembang?Skripsi ini merupakan jenis penelitian eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif yang menekankan pada suatu penelitian yang benar-benar dilakukan. Dari analisis tersebut maka diperoleh kesimpulan yaitu: hasil belajar siswa III.A (Kelas Eksperimen) di MI Ahliyah 2 Palembang yang diterapkan media slide power point, tergolong sedang dengan presentase 72 %. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil nilai belajar siswa pada saat posttest. Sedangkan hasil belajarsiswa kelas III.B (Kelas Kontrol) di MI Ahliyah 2 Palembang yang tidak diterapkan media slide power point, tergolong sedang dengan presentase 64 %. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil nilai belajar siswa pada saat posttest.Dari analisis data hasil belajar siswa di MI Ahliyah 2 Palembang, tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara hasil belajar siswa kelas III.A (Kelas Eksperimen) yang diterapkan media slide power point dengan hasil belajar siswa kelas III.B (Kelas Kontrol). Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan perhitungan uji t yaitu: perhitungan (to = 0,671) dan besarnya “t” yang tercantum pada Tabel Nilai t (ttts5% = 2,01 dan ttts1% = 2,68) maka dapat diketahui bahwa to adalah lebih kecil dari pada tt yaitu 2,01 > 0,671 <  2,68.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA GAMBAR TERHADAP AKTIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPA MATERI BUMI DAN CUACA DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH NAJAHIYAH PALEMBANG
Authors: Embun Sari , Astuti Mardiah
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini membahas tentang bagaimana pengaruh penggunaan media gambar terhadap aktivitas belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA materi Bumi dan Cuaca di MI Najahiyah Palembang. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh penggunaan media gambar terhadap aktivitas belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA materi Bumi dan Cuaca di MI Najahiyah Palembang.Jenis penelitian dalam skripsi ini deskriptif kuantitatif adalah menyangkut hasil angket yang disebarkan pada siswa kelas III C dan hasil observasi yang didapat dari seorang guru yang menjadi observer di MI Najahiyah Palembang yang dijadikan populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seuluruh siswa MI Najahiyah Palembang. Untuk menentukan sampel menggunakan tehnik Random Sampling ialah tehnik penentuan sampel secara random atau acak.Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini yaitu observasi, angket, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Tehnik analisis data yaitu data yang telah diperoleh kemudian direkapitulasi, selanjutnya dianalisis dengan statistik yaitu mean, standar deviasi dan persentase. Dan untuk menganalisis pengaruh antar variabel menggunakan rumus Korelasi Koefisien Kontingensi. Hasil penelitian ini setelah dianalisis oleh penulis pada bab sebelumnya diperoleh hasil bahwa terdapat pengaruh penggunaan media gambar terhadap aktivitas belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA materi bumi dan cuaca di MI Najahiyah Palembang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik ⱷ adalah 0,985 lebih besar dari pada “r” tabel baik pada taraf signifikan 5% adalah 0,396 maupun taraf 1% adalah 0,505. Maka dapat disimpulkan penulis semakin banyak penggunaan media gambar dalam pembelajaran maka semakin banyak pula aktivitas-aktivitas siswa dalam belajar.
Pengaruh Penerapan Metode Diskusi Kelompok Kecil Terhadap Keaktifan Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Materi Organisasi (PKN) Kelas V di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Daarul Aitam Palembang
Authors: Sari Eka Kurnia , Nurlaeli Nurlaeli
Published: August 2022

Penerapan metode pembelajaran secara tepat dan bervariasi mempunyai peran penting dalam mencapai suatu tujuan pembelajaran. Betapapun baiknya kurikulum itu direncanakan di atas kertas, bila pelaksanaan dan pemilihan metode pembelajaran tidak tepat atau sesuai prosedur tertentu, maka tujuan dari pembelajaran itu sendiri tidak akan tercapai sepenuhnya. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini: Bagaimana penerapan metode diskusi pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn)  kelas V di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Daarul Aitam Palembang? Bagaimana keaktifan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn)  kelas V di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Daarul Aitam Palembang? Apakah ada pengaruh penerapan metode diskusi terhadap keaktifan belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn)  kelas V di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Daarul Aitam Palembang?                                                                                                                   Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif. Adapun populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 45 orang yaitu kelas V yang terdiri dari 22 orang laki-laki dan 23 orang perempuan. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, dokumentasi, dan observasi. Data yang telah diperoleh dikumpulkan terlebih dahulu, kemudian direkapitulasi selanjutnya dianalisis dengan statistik mean, standar deviasi, TSR, distribusi frekuensi, dan tes ”t”.Setelah melalui tahapan-tahapan tersebut, kemudian diperoleh fakta bahwa penerapan metode diskusi pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn) kelas V di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Daarul Aitam Palembang setelah dianalisa dengan mean, standar deviasi, TSR dan distribusi frekuensi dalam kategori sedang yaitu sebesar 55,55 %. Keaktifan belajar siswa kelas V pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn) materi organisasi di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Daarul Aitam Palembang. Setelah dianalisa dengan mean, standar deviasi, TSR dan distribusi frekuensi dalam kategori tinggi yaitu sebesar 46,67 %, sedang sebesar 42,22 %, dan rendah sebesar 11,11 %. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh penerapan metode diskusi terhadap keaktifan belajar siswa pada materi organisasi dalam mata pelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan (PKn) kelas V di Madrasah Daarul Aitam Palembang dengan nilai to sebesar 3,40, atau 2,02 < 3,40 > 2,69.  Dengan demikian nilai to lebih besar dari nilai tt baik pada taraf signifikan 5 % maupun pada taraf signifikan 1 %. Artinya H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima.
Opinión del tutor y tutorado sobre el programa institucional de tutorías de la División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, UJAT.
Authors: Cerino Soberanes Alba , De la Fuente Pérez Claudia Soledad , Wade López Lenin Antonio
Published: August 2022

El método utilizado en el presente estudio es de tipo descriptivo transversal realizado a maestros y alumnos de la División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud (DACS). Aplicando un cuestionario a ambas partes, con el propósito de conocer su opinión sobre el Programa Institucional de Tutorías (PIT). De este ejercicio se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados: con respecto a los profesores el 77% de los profesores expresaron contar con habilidades para tutorías, el 90% conoce el programa, 90% conoce el plan de estudios, 60% consideran un ambiente positivo en las relaciones interpersonales, el 47% preparan de manera parcial la actividad y 36% llevan un registro de expediente de sus tutorados. 119 (17%) alumnos mencionan que su tutor llega tarde a la inscripción, 106 (15%) no conocen al tutor, 40% consideran parcialmente adecuado los espacios, 60% refiere respeto tutor-tutorado y 42% considera que la comunicación es de manera parcial. Conclusión: Los tutores tienen disposición y habilidades pero los tutorados no están totalmente satisfechos.
Interferencia fonético-fonológica del español en la pronunciación del francés
Authors: Jiménez Caraveo Connie Yoyianna , Custodio Carrillo Carlos Lorenzo
Published: August 2022

El presente estudio descriptivo y de enfoque mixto se realizó en estudiantes de laLicenciatura en Idiomas de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, con elobjetivo de analizar la interferencia fonético-fonológica del español como primeralengua (L1) en la pronunciación del idioma francés como lengua extranjera (LE).Para este fin, se aplicó una encuesta para evidenciar el estado de conocimientoteórico y la percepción que poseían los estudiantes sobre este aspecto, yposteriormente, se realizó una entrevista para profundizar en la informaciónobtenida y realizar una práctica en donde se buscó identificar problemas en lapronunciación de fonemas, así como los factores causantes de posiblesinterferencias fonético-fonológicas. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que endiferente medida todos los sujetos presentaron interferencia cuando seinvolucraron fonemas del francés que no cuentan con alguna equivalencia en elespañol, aunado al hecho de la falta de enseñanza y/o práctica de la fonética y lafonología en el idioma extranjero tanto dentro como fuera del aula.
Yabancı Ot Yoğunluğunun Silajlık Mısırın Büyümesine Etkileri: I. Bitkisel Özellikler
Authors: ERKOVAN Şule , İLERİ Onur , ERKOVAN Halil İbrahim , KOÇ Ali
Published: August 2022

Çalışma, silajlık mısır tesislerinde yabancı ot yoğunluğunun bazı bitkisel özelliklere etkilerini incelemek amacıyla, 2019-2020 yıllarında iki yıl süreyle Eskişehir’de yürütülmüştür. Yabancı ot oranları metrekarede 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 ve 14 olacak şekilde ayarlanarak deneme şansa bağlı tam bloklar deneme desenine göre dizayn edilmiştir. Yıllar ve uygulamalar arasında incelenen özellikler yönünden istatistiki olarak önemli farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Yabancı otun bulunmadığı parsellerde silajlık mısırın çap, büyüme hızı ve hasıl veriminin diğer uygulamalara göre yaklaşık olarak % 40 daha fazla olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yabancı ot oranının artması ile yaprak ve sap oranı artarken, koçan oranı önemli olarak azalmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda silajlık mısır yetiştiriciliğinde hızlı büyüme ve yüksek verim için yabancı otlarla mücadelenin mümkün olan en erken dönemde yapılması gerektiği tespit edilmiştir.
Yabancı Ot Yoğunluğunun Silajlık Mısırın Büyümesine Etkileri: II. Kalite Özellikleri
Authors: ERKOVAN Şule , İLERİ Onur , ERKOVAN Halil İbrahim , KOÇ Ali
Published: August 2022

Çalışma; silajlık mısır bitkisinin farklı yabancı ot yoğunlukları altında kalite özellikleri açısından değişimini belirlemek amacıyla Eskişehir şartlarında, 2019-2020 yıllarında, iki yıl süreyle yürütülmüştür. Araştırma yabancı ot oranları metrekarede 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 ve 14 olacak şekilde, şansa bağlı tam bloklar deneme desenine göre kurulmuştur. Araştırmada; ham kül oranı, ham yağ oranı, lif oranı, ham protein oranı, nişasta oranı, nötral deterjanda çözünmeyen lif, asit deterjanda çözünmeyen lif, kalsiyum, magnezyum ve fosfor içerikleri incelenmiştir. Silajlık mısırın incelenen kalite özellikleri üzerine nişasta oranı hariç yılın etkisi çok önemli olurken (p
A Study of Soil and Land Features with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Analysis: Iğdır, Türkiye
Authors: KARAOĞLU Mücahit , ERDEL Erhan
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the soil and land characteristics of the province of Iğdır in Türkiye and to create a database by using geographical data system analysis, which is widely used today. The study area was 3674.42 km2 and the digital elevation model of the area was created using a 1/25000 scale topographic map from the General Command of Mapping in Iğdır province, and elevation, slope, aspect, and drainage maps were produced. Additionally, by using data and maps from the previous General Directorate of Rural Services and General Directorate of Soil Reform, large soil groups, depth, land use capability classification, problematic soils, water erosion, and wind erosion maps were created, and area calculations were made with ArcGIS Pro 2.5 software. As a result, flat and near flatlands were located in the center, east, and north and mountainous lands with high altitudes were located in the west and south of Iğdır province. Therefore, slopes were steep in the south and west, and low in the central, east, and north parts. The land use capability map consisted of 122040 ha suitable for cultivated agriculture (I-IV class); 211220 ha unsuitable for cultivated agriculture (V-VII class) as grassland; and 29260 ha of non-agricultural land. Land with moderate, severe, and very severe erosion comprised 16.3%, 27.3%, and 25.8%, respectively, of water erosion. Wind erosion affected 36670 ha of land. Iğdır has large diversity and variety in terms of soil and land features, despite its small area.
Electroencephalogram in Children who Experienced First Unprovoked Seizure
Authors: Vanadia Arinda Putri Auna , Gunawan Prastiya Indra , Abdurachman Abdurachman , Utomo Martono Tri , Hidayati Hanik Badriyah
Published: August 2022

Highlight:

Epiletiform abnormalities on the EEG provide additional clinical infromation about seizures
The majority of patients who have a first unprovoked seizure have an abnormal EEG (Abnormal II).
Using EEG as a supporting diagnostic tool in patients experiencing their first unprovoked seizures may provide more information to improve treatment

 
ABSTRACT
Introduction: The first unprovoked seizure is defined as a series of seizures that occur within 24 hours and are followed by recovery of consciousness with unknown triggering causes such as head trauma, central nervous system infections, tumors, or hypoglycemia. The first unprovoked seizure is a thing that cannot be underestimated. According to a previous study, less than half of those who experience their first unprovoked seizure will have another. An electroencephalogram (EEG) is one of the supporting examinations for the first unprovoked seizure. Objective: This study aims to determine the EEG as the first unprovoked seizure supporting examination. Methods: This is a retrospective, descriptive, observational study with sampling from the patient's medical record at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya from January 2017 to December 2018 based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The EEG results in children who experienced their first unprovoked seizure were more abnormal (52.9%) than normal (47.1%), with an abnormal EEG breakdown of abnormal II (17.6%) and abnormal III (35.3%). There were no patients in this study who had EEG abnormal I. All patients with EEG abnormal II (17.6%) had an intermittent slow EEG waveform, while all patients with EEG abnormal III (35.3%) had a sharp waveform. The most common location of EEG wave abnormalities was temporal (55.6%). Conclusion: In the first unprovoked seizure, an EEG examination can assist clinicians as a seizure diagnostic assistant tool. It is hoped that the results of the EEG can provide better management of the first unprovoked seizure.
Description of Stroke Patients with History of Smoking Activities
Authors: Sugianto Paulus , Abdillah Fatih Nugraha , Marhana Isnin Anang , Fidiana Fidiana
Published: August 2022

Highlight:

Smoking raises the risk of cardiovascular disease, which can lead to stroke.
A total of 33 stroke patients were selected from 579 samples. The results show some tendencies.
The tendency of stroke patients with a history of activity to smoke can be explained for a number of reasons.

 
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Smoking is a habit of Indonesian society and can be found in many places. Smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular problems, which can lead to stroke. Objective: Provides an overview of stroke patients who smoke from January to December 2020. Methods: This retrospective, descriptive research used medical records and extra data from telephone interviews with patients. A non-probability purposive sampling strategy with a total sampling method is used in this investigation. The observed variables include age, gender, number of cigarettes consumed per day, length of smoking history, type of stroke, and comorbidity. Results: The sample consisted of 33 participants chosen among 579 stroke patients. The age range of 56–65 (39.4%) was found to be the most prevalent in the 33 samples, and the sex group was dominated by men (100%). Then, for the smoking habit, the highest number of cigarettes consumed per day was dominated by the group of 9-16 cigarettes per day (45.46%). The group dominates the long smoking history with a smoking history of 30-50 years (42.43%). Ischemic stroke, also known as cerebral infarction, was the most common type (78.79%) among the samples. Of the 33 samples of stroke patients who smoked, 4 (12.12%) experienced comorbidities, including coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, and essential thrombocytosis. Conclusion: Several factors describe the tendency of stroke patients with a smoking history.