bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Separation and analysis of Bacillus subtilis respiratory chain complexes.
Authors: Garrido Gerardo Ignacio Picón , García Ana Paula García , Vara Luis González de la , Chagoya-López Alicia , Gómez-Lojero Carlos , Gutiérrez-Cirlos Emma Berta
Published: July 2022

Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive bacterium with a respiratory chain embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane. The respiratory chain is bifurcated after menaquinol into a cytochrome b6c + caa3 branch and a quinol oxidase branch, with up to three quinol oxidases. The complexes that generate the proton gradient are the b6c + caa3 supercomplex, and it is proposed to form respiratory strings in the membrane. The other proton-generator is the quinol oxidase aa3. There is still information missing about the quinol branch and if the aa3 is associated with the electron donor complexes. It is unclear whether succinate quinone reductase (SQR) can form associations with the quinol branch or the cytochrome branch. In this paper, we show the separation of part of the b6c complex associated with cytochromes c550 and c551. We obtained a b6c + caa3 supercomplex of around 600 kDa and SQR, aa3, and NADH dehydrogenase by dodecyl maltoside solubilization and separation of the respiratory chain components by ionic exchange chromatography. We found that aa3 does not associate with other complexes. SQR was associated with the b6c complex in a mutant lacking aa3. This association could facilitate electron transfer from SQR to menaquinone-7. The lack of associations between the abundant quinol oxidase aa3 and other complexes is a feature we are still studying.
Effect of Novosphingobium sp. CuT1 inoculation on the rhizoremediation of heavy metal- and diesel-contaminated soil planted with tall fescue
Authors: Lee Soo Yeon , Lee Yun-Yeong , Cho Kyung-Suk
Published: July 2022

Rhizoremediation is a promising method based on the synergism between plant and rhizobacteria, which constitutes a promising means to remediate soil co-contaminated with heavy metals and total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs). A plant growth-promoting (PGP) rhizobacterium with diesel-degrading capacity and heavy metals tolerance was isolated from the rhizosphere of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea L.), after which the effects of its inoculation on rhizoremediation performance were evaluated in heavy metal and diesel-contaminated soil planted with tall fescue. The bacterial isolate (Novosphingobium sp. CuT1) was characterized by its production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity, and siderophore productivity as PGP traits. CuT1 was able to grow on 1/10 LB-agar plates containing 5 mM of Cu or 5 mM of Pb. Compared to the rhizoremediation performance of the co-contaminated soil (Cu + Pb + diesel) without inoculation, the bioavailable Cu concentrations in soil and the biomass of tall fescue were significantly increased CuT1 inoculation. Additionally, the root growth of tall fescue was also promoted CuT1 inoculation. Correlation analysis showed that Cu bioavailability and bioconcentration factor were positively correlated with CuT1 inoculation. The diesel removal efficiency showed a positive correlation with CuT1 inoculation although diesel removal was below 30%. CuT1 inoculation was positively correlated with IAA and dehydrogenase activity in soil. Moreover, the dry biomass of the tall fescue’s roots was highly associated with CuT1 inoculation. Collectively, our findings suggest that Novosphingobium sp. CuT1 can be utilized as an applicable bioresource to enhance rhizoremediation performance in heavy metal- and TPH-contaminated soils.
Triple facilitation therapy in the non-acute stage of post-stroke dyskinesia: protocol for a single-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: wang ying , Jin Song , Guo Hong , Xiao Guisheng , Zhang Guilong , Xie Quan , Sun Jianfeng , Wu Zhipeng , Lin Keyu , Wang Qin , Liang Shundong , Zhang Di
Published: July 2022

Background and purpose: Dyskinesia is a series of movement disorders arising from a stroke. Western medicine focuses on anticoagulation, which can lead to intracranial and gastrointestinal bleeding, and reduce the body's immunity. Traditional therapies including acupuncture, tuina, and Chinese herbs, etc., works slowly as well as the relatively simple efficacy. The triple facilitation therapy, an integrated rehabilitation therapy of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, consisting of Lee's pestle needle therapy, Du’s massage therapy, and functional exercise, has effects on improving muscle strength, reducing muscle tension, and assisting in establishing normal movement patterns according to a pilot trial. Whether the triple facilitation therapy is superior to Zhongfengxingnao Oral Liquid, a commonly used Chinese patent medicine in dyskinesia patients after stroke remains unclear. This study aims to compare the effect and safety of triple facilitation therapy and Zhongfengxingnao oral liquid in improving motor function and quality of life in post-stroke dyskinesia patients, and to further verify the non-inferiority of the triple facilitation therapy.Methods and analysis: This study is a randomized-controlled, single-blind trial of triple facilitation therapy (n=33) versus Zhongfengxingnao oral liquid (n=33) in the non-acute stage of post-stroke dyskinesia patients. MMT freehand muscle strength grading, modified Ashworth grading, simplified Fugl-Meyer scoring, isokinetic muscle test outcomes, and 3-D gait analysis outcomes are the primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes include ADL/disability (FIM), general indexes, biochemical indexes, and adverse events. All the primary and secondary outcomes will be assessed at baseline (1 day) and 4-weeks/post-intervention (28 days). This study will confirm whether triple facilitation therapy improves rehabilitation of the non-acute stage of post-stroke dyskinesia better than Zhongfengxingnao oral liquid. Ethics and dissemination: Institutional Review Board of the Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine approved the research and will obtain the written informed consent of each subject or representative.Trial registry number: ChiCTR2100045105 (www.chictr.org.cn)
Effect of mPFC KLF4 on autism-like behaviors and possible mechanisms
Authors: Ge Tongtong , Zhao Haisheng , Dong Mengmeng , Yang Wei , Li Bingjin , cui ranji
Published: July 2022

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a series of neurodevelopmental disorders with two core symptoms, repetitive behavioral phenotype, and social impairments, yet the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms are still obscure. KLF4 (Kruppel-like factor 4) is a zinc finger protein transcription factor that has been widely reported in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. Recently, increasing evidence demonstrated its critical role in neurodevelopment, microglia activating, and neuroinflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). Little is known about the effect of KLF4 in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) on autism and autism-like behaviors. Here, we found that high and low expression levels of KLF4 in mPFC induced significant social novelty impairments. The molecular mechanisms might be associated with overexpression of KLF4 in mPFC promote activation of microglia and altered synaptic E/I ratio by affecting the expression of GluA1 and GABA-related proteins, the specific molecular mechanisms still need more investigations.
Insights into the Phaeozem Formation from the Fluvial Parent Material
Authors: Guanxin Du , Baiquan Yan , Yu Sun , Fan Yang , Cheng Qian , Tao Qin , Yanqing Zang
Published: July 2022

The formation and evolution of phaeozems have always been an area of interest because the phaeozems play an important role in two regions dubbed as "European Bread Basket" and "Northeast China Storehouse." As the phaeozems contain a large proportion of parent materials and are sensitive to human intervention, their formation and evolution have been restricted. Due to the homogeneity of loess parent material, there has been extensive research on the formation of surface phaeozems from the loess parent material. However, phaeozems developed from key fluvial parent material have so far received little attention. Therefore, key information on the formation of phaeozems is missing. In this context, this study applies geochemical tests to determine rare earth elements and major and trace elements in the deep phaeozem layer from the Arongqi borehole in the phaeozems of Northeastern China. Further, the sporopollen fossil tests were conducted in the HT-1-4-2 borehole, and the distribution characteristics of the deep phaeozem layer were analyzed using geostatistics. The results from this study indicate that rare earth data from phaeozems in Arongqi's deep layer shows a comparatively high total concentration of rare earth elements, with a mean value of 141.45 mg.kg− 1. The chondrite normalization curve demonstrates that the distribution of light rare earth elements shows a positive slope. Further, Eu shows a trend with a slight negative anomaly, while Ce shows a trend with an evident negative anomaly. Ce > -0.1 (mean value 3.9) indicates a reducing environment with hypoxia. The distribution of rare earth elements indicates that phaeozems contain transportable parent materials with trace elements Th/U > 2 (mean value 2.88), Sr/Ba < 0.6 (mean value 0.38), 0 < Rb/Sr < 0.6 (mean value 0.26), Sr /Cu > 10 (mean value 30.98), and climate index at mean value of 0.23. The presence of trace elements indicated freshwater habitats and a dry-hot to semi-dry-hot climate. The sporopollen fossils are mainly comprised of shrubs, coniferous forests, and terrestrial herbs. The presence of Ephedra and Polygonaceae indicates that the environment was hot and arid at that time. Moreover, the presence of several ferns observed in the vertical profile indicates an intermittent warm and humid climate between droughts. Thus, it can be concluded that the deep phaeozems in Arongqi developed in the floodplains of Arun River under the dry-hot-semi-dry-hot climatic conditions.
Gradient-based parameter optimization to determine membrane ionic current composition of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes
Authors: Kohjitani Hirohiko , Koda Shigeya , Himeno Yukiko , Makiyama Takeru , Yamamoto Yuta , Yoshinaga Daisuke , Wuriyanghai Yimin , Kashiwa Asami , Toyoda Futoshi , Zhang Yixin , Amano Akira , Noma Akinori , Kimura Takeshi
Published: July 2022

Premature cardiac myocytes derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CMs) show heterogeneous action potentials (APs), most probably because of different expression patterns of membrane ionic currents. We aim to develop a method of determining expression patterns of functional channels in terms of the whole-cell ionic conductances (Gx) using individual spontaneous AP configurations. However, it has been suggested that apparently identical AP configurations were obtained by different sets of ionic currents in a mathematical model of cardiac membrane excitation. If so, the inverse problem of Gx estimation might not be solved. We computationally tested the feasibility of the gradient-based optimization method. For realistic examination, conventional 'cell-specific models' were prepared by superimposing the model output of AP on each experimental AP record by the conventional manual adjustment of Gxs of the baseline model. Then, Gxs of 4 ~ 6 major ionic currents of the 'cell-specific models' were randomized within a range of ±5 ~ 15% and were used as initial parameter sets for the gradient-based automatic Gxs recovery by decreasing the mean square error (MSE) between the target and model output. When plotted all data points of MSE - Gx relation during the optimization, we found that the randomized population of Gxs progressively converged to the original value of the cell-specific model with decreasing MSE. To confirm the absence of any other local minimum in the global search space, we mapped the MSE by randomizing Gxs over a range of 0.1 ~ 10 times the control. No additional local minimum of MSE was obvious in the whole parameter space besides the global minimum of MSE at the default model parameter.
LHPP is associated with favorable survival across diverse cancers with tumor suppressor properties in stomach adenocarcinoma: a pan-cancer analysis
Authors: Li Wenhan , Wang Danfang , Li Jianhui
Published: July 2022

Background
The down-regulation of LHPP has been reported as a tumor suppressor gene in several malignancies. This study aims to explore the potential roles of LHPP across 33 types of tumors.
Methods
The TCGA database was mainly used to investigate the correlation of LHPP expression pattern with clinical prognosis and other function related gene sets. Additionally, immunohistochemistry and western blot assay were used to detect the expression level of LHPP in tissue samples for stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) patients. We next established STAD cell lines with exogenous silencing/ overexpression of LHPP. qRT-PCR, western blot assay, CCK-8 assay and colony formation assays were performed for cell function identifications.
Results
LHPP was widely down-regulated in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues in pan-cancer across 13 cancer types. The expression level of LHPP was associated with favorable survival across diverse cancers. Moreover, we observed that LHPP expression was significantly correlated with immune infiltration, tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), mismatch repair genes (MMRs), and DNA methyltransferases in many tumors. Validation in clinical tissue samples confirmed LHPP was down-regulated in STAD. Functional experiments demonstrated that LHPP suppressed cell proliferation of STAD via down-regulating p‑PI3K/p‑AKT expression levels.
Conclusion
Our first pan-cancer study provided insight into the role of LHPP in tumorigenesis. Besides, LHPP may acts as a tumor suppressor gene in STAD.
Treatment of ruptured rectal artery aneurysm in a patient with neurofibromatosis
Authors: Nemoto Hidehiko , Mori Kensaku , Takei Yohei , Kikuchi Shunsuke , Hoshiai Sodai , Yamamoto Yoshiyuki , Nakajima Takahito
Published: July 2022

Background: Superior rectal artery (SRA) aneurysms are rare. Although melena is the most common symptom, it has not been observed in cases of aneurysms located in the SRA trunk. Here, we report a case of a ruptured SRA trunk aneurysm successfully treated with coil embolization. Including our case, three of the four reported cases of SRA trunk aneurysms were related to neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Case presentation: A 52-year-old woman with NF1 was referred to our hospital for the investigation of an abdominal mass with back pain. She had previously undergone a blood transfusion at another hospital for anemia without melena. Computed tomography angiography revealed a ruptured SRA trunk aneurysm measuring 3 cm in diameter and surrounded by a retroperitoneal hematoma. The aneurysm was isolated by embolizing the SRA trunk distally and proximally. Distal embolization was performed retrogradely from the internal iliac artery (IIA) via the middle rectal artery (MRA)-SRA anastomosis because the antegrade approach from the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) failed. To our knowledge, this is the first case of successful coil embolization of an IMA branch through the IIA.Conclusion: SRA trunk aneurysms are rare; however, they are frequently associated with NF1. Antegrade distal embolization beyond the aneurysm is sometimes difficult to achieve. In such cases, a retrograde approach via MRA-SRA anastomosis can be the choice for isolating SRA trunk aneurysms.
Anchoring carboxylated pineapple peel cellulose and EDTA onto magnetic (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane to effective diminish copper(II) and zinc(II) from polluted water
Authors: Sayahi Hanan , Asadabadi Simin
Published: July 2022

In recent decades, remediation of polluted water has shifted towards the enhancement of environmentally friendly adsorbents with robust stability. In this regard, a biosorbent was designed and synthesized by anchoring carboxylated pineapple peel cellulose and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid onto amino-silane modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles. A vast number of carboxyl and amino active groups in the structure of biosorbent led to the efficient adsorption of Cu2+ and Zn2+ from polluted water. The biosorbent was characterized by FE-SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, FT-IR, BET, VSM and TGA techniques. The influence of pH, temperature and biosorbent dosage on the cation removal was investigated by Central Composite Design. The maximum uptake% was 93.18 and 96.30% for Cu2+ and Zn2+, respectively. Coordination and electrostatic attraction were proposed as the main reasons for the removal of heavy metal cations. Astonishingly, the adsorption of Zn2+ was ultrafast and completed within 40 s and it took 420 s for removal of Cu2+. External surface biosorption, the intra-particle diffusion and the diffusion through the smaller pores and slits, in sequence, were the dominant steps in the adsorption of each cation. Modified pseudo-n-order and modified Langmuir-Freundlich were the best models to describe kinetics and equilibrium results. The maximum adsorption capacity of biosorbent for Zn2+ was higher than one for Cu2+ (153.9 versus 149.4 mg·g-1). Besides, the regenerating of biosorbent was successfully accomplished for five cycles using a solution of EDTA in the presence of ultrasonic waves.
Microstream end-tidal carbon dioxide and capillary carbon dioxide in mechanically ventilated extreme preterm neonates: a methods comparison study
Authors: Boyapally Vamshi Krishna , Sundaram Venkataseshan , Kumar Praveen , Kumar Jogender
Published: July 2022

Purpose: End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) is not routinely used in mechanically ventilated extreme preterm neonates due to the low tidal volume generated. Microstream devices potentially alleviate this problem as they need small sampl volumes. We compared micro stream ETCO2 and arterialized capillary PCO2 (PacCO2) in mechanically ventilated, extreme premature neonates for their correlation and agreement. Methods: ETCO2 and PacCO2 were time matched. Repeated measures correlation coefficient was calculated, and Bland-Altman agreement plot was created. A linear mixed-effects model was developed.Results: In the 49 pairs of ETCO2 and PacCO2, a moderately positive repeated measures correlation coefficient was observed [0.63 (0.4-0.81)]. A mean average monotonic bias of 22.6 mmHg was observed between PacCO2 and ETCO2. After controlling for mean airway pressure and respiratory rate, ETCO2 significantly predicted PacCO2 (b = 0.94 (0.39-1.5)).Conclusions: Micro stream ETCO2 and PacCO2 showed a moderately positive correlation but a high non-linear bias in mechanically ventilated, extreme preterm neonates in the first week of life. More research in larger and clinically diverse samples is required before routine clinical use
Pretreatment with abscisic acid accompanied by sucrose improves callus survival after cryopreservation of hazel (Corylus avellana L.) by desiccation
Authors: nanas shiva mojarrad , Mokhtassi-Bidgoli Ali
Published: July 2022

A simple cryopreservation method (desiccation) is examined on Corylus avellana L. callus in current study. The effect of abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, preculture length on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing ABA + 10% sucrose, and storage length in liquid nitrogen (LN) on callus survival rate were investigated. After cryo-storage, the calli were heated at 40°C followed by cold tap water for one minute, then transferred to the recovery medium. Calli survival was assessed 6–8 weeks after exiting from LN. There was a significant difference between ABA concentrations and different culture periods on medium containing mentioned hormone in survival rate but no significant difference was observed between the storage periods in LN. In the present study, the highest survival rate (45/79%) was obtained in both the treatment of 20 days preculture on medium containing 2 mg l− 1 ABA following 120 minutes desiccation-one day storage in LN and 150 minutes desiccation-one month storage in LN.
Period 3 regulates mitochondrial function via the NAD+-SIRT3 axis in mice
Authors: XIE Xiaoxian , Shu Ruonan , Zhang Mengya , Cui Donghong , Sun Lei , Li Zezhi , Han Qi
Published: July 2022

Mitochondrial fission-fusion dynamics and bioenergetics are strongly clock-controlled. However, the mechanistic relationship between the clock and mitochondrial function remains largely unknown. Here we revealed that the clock gene Per3 plays an essential role in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis. Both in vitro and in vivo deletion of Per3 consistently led to the disrupted mitochondrial integrity, including decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, impaired fission-fusion dynamics, increased oxidative stress, and altered mitochondrial bioenergetics. Mechanistically, we showed the binding of PER3 and BMAL1 to E-box regulatory elements in the promoter region of the nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) gene promoted the gene activation as well as increased the NAMPT-dependent NAD+ generation, which in turn induced the enzymatic activity of mitochondrial deacetylase SIRT3. Interestingly, administering nicotinamide mononucleotide (NAM), an NAD+ precursor, protected cells from the Per3 deletion-induced NAD+ decline and associated mitochondrial dysfunction, whereas blocking of SIRT3’s acetylation activity with 3-(1H-1, 2, 3-triazol-4-yl) pyridine abolished this beneficial effect of NAM on the global mitochondrial protein acetylation and homeostasis mechanisms. Collectively, we demonstrate that Per3 maintains mitochondrial integrity by regulating NAD+-dependent SIRT3 activity and highlight a critical role for PER3 in mitochondrial homeostatic function.
Noncovalent interactions between benzochalcogenadiazoles and nitrogen bases
Authors: Zhang Lili , Zeng Yanli , Li Xiaoyan , Zhang Xueying
Published: July 2022

A theoretical study has been carried out on the intermolecular interactions between tetrafluoro-benzochalcogenadiazoles (chalcogen = S, Se, Te) and a series of nitrogen bases (FCN, ClCN, NP, trans-N2H2, pyridine, pyrazole, imidazole) at the B97-D3/def2-TZVP level, to obtain a better insight into the nature and strength of Ch···N chalcogen bond and secondary interaction in the binary and 1:2 ternary complexes. The dispersion force plays a prominent role on the stability of the sulphur complexes, and the electrostatic effect enhanced for the heaver chalcogen complexes. Most of intermolecular bonds display the characters of closed-shell and noncovalent interaction. For the complexes involving pyridine and imidazole, chalcogen bond is stronger than hydrogen bond, while the strength of chalcogen bond is equivalent to the secondary interaction for other complexes. With the addition of nitrogen base in the 1:2 complexes, chalcogen bond is weakened, while the secondary interaction remains unchanged. In the 1:2 complexes formed by pyridine and imidazole, stronger chalcogen bond results in larger negative cooperativity than that of other complexes.
Magnitude of COVID-19 vaccination among Ethiopian public transport drivers; Cross- sectional study
Authors: Ergena Asrat Elias , Tesfaye Amensisa Hailu , Kasahun Asmamaw Emagn , Sima Faisel Dulla , Mekonnen Gizework Alemnew , Simegn Wudneh
Published: July 2022

Background
In Ethiopia, the approved vaccines for Corona-Virus disease (COVID-19) are being distributed to the population by their order of risk and exposure due to the limited number of available vaccines. Public transport workers are among those who are labeled as a high-risk population and on the frontlines of getting the COVID-19 vaccination. So this study was conducted to assess the magnitude of the COVID-19 vaccine intake among public transport drivers.
Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 participants in Gondar, Ethiopia from October 1, 2021 to November 15, 2021. The data was collected using self-administered questionnaires and analyzed. P-value ≤ 0.05 in a multivariable logistic regression model was considered statistically significant.
Results
Among the 384 study participants, 196 (51%) of them received the COVID-19 vaccine. Among those who were not vaccinated, 95 (50%) of the participants did not take the vaccines due to fear of the adverse effects of the vaccines. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, being affiliated with the Islamic religion, having a health professional family member or friend, and having a history of sign/symptoms of COVID-19 in the study participants were found to be associated with the vaccination status against COVID-19.
Conclusion
The overall COVID-19 vaccine intake by the study participants was low. To enhance the magnitude of the vaccination of this high-risk population, governmental organizations and other stakeholders should focus on increasing awareness in order to increase the willingness of the population.
A novel model-based identification and validation of pivotal RNA-binding protein in the evolution of glioma
Authors: Liu Xudong , Li Rui , Liu Zhe , Wang Yafan , Zhang Yu , Fan Mengdi , Ma Ying , Peng Tao , Zhao Lijun , Fan Jinke , Bai Jiangshan , Song Xinqiang , Zhang Yating , Wang Lei
Published: July 2022

Background
Glioma is a primary malignant cancer of the most common and aggressive sort occurring in the neuroectoderm, with an extremely high incidence of morbidity, mortality, and recurrence. There are limited treatment options for glioma. It is recognized that dysregulation of RNA binding proteins (RBPs) is intimately involved in the occurrence and progression of multiple malignant cancers. However, the role of RBP in glioma is not fully understood. In the current study, we used a new model to predict the course of glioma development and prognosis related to RBP.
Methods
To begin with, we obtained RNA-seq profiles of glioma and matched clinical data from the Chinese Glioma Genome Data (CGGA) database. The unsupervised clustering algorithms such as the K-means clustering algorithm, t-SNE, U-MAP, and principal component analysis were used to identify tumor subtypes that were pivotal in the development of glioma. Subsequently the progression of tumor subtypes was determined by the MS scoring model and proposed time series analysis. Next, RBPs with a major role in the progression of glioma were identified by weighted gene co-expression network analysis and Lasso Cox regression models. Functional analysis of key RBP-related genes was performed by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and the STRING database to reveal the potential mechanisms of the biomarker.
Results
A total of six tumor subgroups were identified and were strongly homogeneous among subgroups. The stages of progression of the six tumor subgroups were identified by the proposed time-series analysis and MS model. We confirmed that BCLAF1 was correlated with survival in glioma patients and was closely associated with the progression of glioma by weighted gene co-expression network analysis, Lasso Cox, and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Finally, Functional annotation shows that BCLAF1 may influence the progression of glioma through RNA shearing that affects cell cycle, Wnt signaling pathway, and other cancer development signals.
Conclusions
In summary, the present study first identified six subtypes of glioma progression as well as the malignancy ranking. Secondly, it was established that BCLAF1 could be used as an RBP-related prognostic marker with extremely important applications in the clinical diagnosis and personalized treatment of glioma.
Early reduction of cerebral lactate in Alzheimer’s disease mouse model: The relationship with Aβ production
Authors: Zhang Mao , Wang Yanyan , Xu Xiaofeng , Dai Limeng , Chen Xuedan , Wang Kai , Bai Yun , Guo Hong
Published: July 2022

Lactate arouses an increasing concern in recent studies of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). At late stage of AD, amyloid beta (Aβ) directly promotes lactate level, continuously activating microglial inflammation and aggravating neuronal damage. However, whether lactate fluctuation can effect on Aβ hasn’t been recognized. Especially, it is observed a reduction of lactate in the hippocampus and cortex of early AD mouse model. Hence, this study discusses the relation between decreased lactate and Aβ production at early stage of AD, and its possibly mechanism. As results showed, a specific receptor of lactate, G-protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81) and its downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase /protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt)-cyclic-adenosine-monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB) is suppressed in the cortex and hippocampus of early AD mouse model. Moreover, deoxyribonucleic acid methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) is reduced in the presence of increased beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and Aβ. Previously, it is observed that PI3K/Akt-CREB inhibition leads to DNMT1 downregulation. As an indispensable methyltransferase, DNMT1 reduction can directly inhibit the methylation of specific loci within BACE1 gene promoter, leading to increased BACE1 and Aβ production. Hence, this study proposes a novel insight that lactate reduction contributes to Aβ production at early period of AD. The underlying mechanism is that reduced lactate can hardly activate GPR81-PI3K/Akt-CREB, which results in DNMT1 reduction, and then increasing BACE1 level and Aβ production (Graphic abstract).
Coherence interpretations of nonlocal quantum correlation based on a quantum eraser
Authors: Ham Byoung S.
Published: July 2022

Bell inequality violation is a quantitative measurement tool of quantum entanglement between space-like separated particles. Quantum entanglement is the heart of quantum information science, in which the resulting nonlocal correlation between the paired particles is a unique property of quantum mechanics. Over the last few decades, intensive research has been conducted to understand nonlocal quantum features based on the particle nature of quantum mechanics. Here, the role of coincidence detection is analyzed in a simple interferometer using a quantum eraser. To understand the nonlocal quantum feature, coincidence detection between two output photons of an interferometer is coherently analyzed for Bell inequality violations. Based on this understanding, a classical model of the nonlocal quantum correlation is finally presented using coherent light via wave mixing and heterodyne detection.
Serum miR-4488 as a Potential Biomarker of Lean Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Shen Nan , Tang Ling , Qian Yufan , Pan Jielu , Pan Jiashu , Miao Hongyu , Zhang Haiyan , Fang Hong , Yu Xiao , Xing Lianjun
Published: July 2022

In lean individuals, NAFLD is not a benign disease,and these patients have longterm morbidity and mortality similar to those of their nonlean counterparts.It is urgent to find biomarkers for noninvasive and early detection. miRNAs are useful biomarkers for detection.The aims of this study were to investigate the potential role of serum miRNAs in the detection of lean NAFLD and to explore the possible pathogenesis of lean NAFLD.Here, a total of 498 patients with NAFLD and 98 healthy controls were included to compare the clinical characteristics of lean NAFLD patients(BMI < 23 kg/m2),nonlean NAFLD patients(BMI ≥ 23kg/m2) and normal healthy individuals.A total of fourteen serum samples were collected for high-throughput profiling to identify altered miRNA expression patterns in lean NAFLD.The candidate miRNA miR-4488 was identified by filtering based on studies in a second independent cohort(31LNs,62NLNs and 72HIs) that included qRT-PCR analysis.GO enrichment, KEGG enrichment, and PPI network analyses were performed to investigate the potential molecular mechanism of miR-4488 in lean NAFLD. miR-4488 was selected as the candidate biomarker for lean NAFLD. The serum level of miR-4488 was increased in LNs compared to HIs(P < 0.0001) and to NLNs(P = 0.025).miR-4488 had acceptable performance in predicting[area under the curve(AUC) = 0.794,0.698]lean NAFLD. Moreover,GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that the differentially expressed target genes were mainly involved in choline metabolism in cancer, the TNF signaling pathway and the p53 signaling pathway.PPI analysis identified ARHGAP1, SLC10A1 and SIX5 as the hub genes.Taken together, our findings indicate that serum miR-4488 is a potential biomarker for diagnosing and predicting the pathogenetic mechanisms of lean NAFLD.
Stochastic Modeling of Microstrip Coupled Line Bandpass Filter
Authors: Wafa Mohamed , El-Batawy Yasser , Dakroury Sameh
Published: July 2022

Coupled Line Microstrip Bandpass Filters are considered as a promising candidate for bandpass filter for wireless and high frequency applications because of their small size, low cost and easy engineered fabrication. In this paper, a stochastic analysis of this coupled line bandpass filter which is based on Monte Carlo Model is developed, where the tolerances in the design parameters of this microstrip bandpass filter and their impacts on the filter performance are investigated. These design parameters include the thickness of the strips of the bandpass filter, their lengths and the spacing between them. The mean, the standard deviations and the probability distribution function of both the central frequency and the operating bandwidth are studied.
Exploring Quaternion Flipping of the Sun’s Magnetic Field in the Centennial Sunspot Record
Authors: Baker Robert G.V.
Published: July 2022

Sunspots are a major proxy for measuring the solar input into the Earth’s atmospheric dynamics. This paper explores whether sunspot evolution is underpinned by quaternion flipping in the 19th and 20th century sunspot histories. Quaternion flipping occurs when there is self-similarity in an R-matrix of sunspot cycles, where successive cycles evolve by rotating 1800 in a plane and the subsequent conjugation of subsequent cycles is in the reverse order. The historical sunspot record is partitioned according to quadratic clusters and significant periodicities in the spectral analysis, such as the 65.8 year signal. The flipping is then simulated by reversing the time axis between two adjoining ~ 66 year cycles in the sunspot record, producing an R3R2=-R4 quaternion flip, namely, between 1822–1888 and a reversed time series of 1976 − 1910. The Hausdorff dimensions and multi-taper spectral results for each flipped period are calculated in their entirety, where there was a 94.2% common spectral signal and 98.1% self-similarity. The R3R2=-R4 flip maintained a Hausdorff dimension of between 1.080 ± 0.025. The Hausdorff dimension of 1.081 is significant, since it generates a quadratic Julia set envelope of z2+c where c = ¼. For any values greater than 1.081, the Julia magnetic loops collapse and the quadratic point at z = ½ bifurcates into a pair of repelling fixed points off the real axis (that is, magnetic dipoles). This may explain the flipping in polarity after sunspot maximums and the self-similarity in frequencies between sunspot numbers and solar emissions. Further, there is a possibility that this centennial flipping can be traced from the Little Ice Age and the next phase is a centennial maximum mid-century. This research shows a fundamental relationship in a developing ‘fractal mechanics’ of solar emissions and the nature of its periodic input into the Earth’s atmospheric dynamics.
Phragmites australis dieback in the Mississippi River Delta: Chemical profiles of healthy, dieback and dredge soils and impacts on plant biomass
Authors: Lee Herie , Diaz Rodrigo , Cronin James T.
Published: July 2022

Phragmites australis is exhibiting extensive dieback in the Lower Mississippi River Delta (MRD). We explored the potential for restoration of these marshes by 1) characterizing the chemical profiles of soils collected from healthy and dieback stands of P. australis and from sites recently created from dredge-disposal soils that were expected to be colonized by P. australis and 2) experimentally testing the effects of these soil types on the growth of three common P. australis lineages, Delta, Gulf and European. Soil chemical properties included Al, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Zn, % organic matter, % carbon, % nitrogen, and pH. Dieback soils were characterized by higher % organic matter, % carbon, % nitrogen, and higher S and Fe concentrations, whereas healthy soils had higher Cu, Al, P and Zn. In comparison, dredge sites were low in nutrients and organic matter compared to healthy soils. Rhizomes of each P. australis lineage were planted in each soil type in a common garden and greenhouse and allowed to grow for five months. Aboveground biomass was 16–23% lower in dieback and 44% lower in dredge soils than in healthy soils. Dieback soils most negatively affected Delta followed by European and Gulf lineages. Although dredge and dieback sites are not optimal for P. australis growth, plants can thrive on these soils, and we recommend restorative measures be initiated as soon as possible to minimize soil erosion.
Clinical Features, Hospitalisation and Deaths associated with Monkeypox: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Benites-Zapata Vicente , Ulloque-Badaracco Juan R. , Alarcon-Braga Esteban A. , Hernandez-Bustamante Enrique A. , Mosquera-Rojas Melany D. , Bonilla-Aldana D. Katterine , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J.
Published: July 2022

Introduction: A multicountry monkeypox disease (MPX) outbreak began in May 2022 in Europe, leading to the assessment as a potential Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on June 23, 2022. Some observational studies have partially characterised clinical features, hospitalisations, and deaths. However, no systematic reviews of this MPX outbreak have been published.Methods: We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis, using five databases to assess clinical features, hospitalisations, complications and deaths of MPX confirmed or probable cases. Observational studies, case reports and case series, were included. We performed a random-effects model meta-analysis to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). In addition, we carried out a subgroup analysis according to the continents and a sensitivity analysis excluding studies classified as having a high risk of bias.Results: A total of 19 articles were included, using only 12 articles in the quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis). For 1958 patients, rash (93%, 95%CI 80-100%), fever (72%, 95%CI 30-99%), pruritus (65%, 95%CI 47-81%), and lymphadenopathy (62%, 47-76%), were the most prevalent manifestations. Among the patients, 35% (95%CI 14-59%) were hospitalised. Some 4% (95%CI 1-9%) of hospitalised patients had fatal outcomes (case fatality rate, CFR).Conclusion: MPX is spreading rapidly, with a third of hospitalised patients, but less than 5% with fatal outcomes. As this zoonotic virus spreads globally, countries must urgently prepare human resources, infrastructure and facilities to treat patients according to the emerging guidelines and the most reliable clinical information.
Effects of combined test-dose and therapeutic drug monitoring strategy in exposure-directed busulfan
Authors: Iemura Tomoki , Kondo Tadakazu , Ueda Atsushi , Maeda Takeshi , Kitawaki Toshio , Arai Yasuyuki , Kanda Junya , Ikeda Takashi , Imada Kazunori , Ishikawa Takayuki , Anzai Naoyuki , Itoh Mitsuru , Takeoka Tomoharu , Akasaka Takashi , Yago Kazuhiro , Yonezawa Akihito , Arima Nobuyoshi , Kitano Toshiyuki , Nohgawa Masaharu , Watanabe Mitsumasa , Moriguchi Toshinori , Yamashita Kouhei , Ueda Yasunori , Matsumoto Kana , Takaori-Kondo Akifumi
Published: July 2022

Although exposure-directed busulfan (BU) dosing can improve allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation outcomes, there is still large variability in BU exposure with test-dose alone due to BU clearance change caused by drug interactions. We conducted a single-arm Phase II trial (UMIN000014077) using the combined test-dose and therapeutic drug monitoring strategy (PK-guided group) and compared the outcomes with an historical cohort receiving a fixed-dose (fixed-dose group). The first eight and second eight doses were adjusted based on the area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC) of the test and first doses, respectively. The BU clearance at the first dose decreased in more patients receiving fludarabine (FLU) than those receiving BU and cyclophosphamide (BU/CY) from the test dose. The simulated total AUC with test-dose only was significantly higher in patients receiving FLU than in those receiving BU/CY, but the simulated AUC with the combined strategy was comparable. The 100-day progression-free survival in PK-guided group was not inferior to that in fixed-dose group. For the FLU-containing regimens, the PK-guided group showed decreased relapse, and favorable overall survival at one year. The combined strategy effectively controlled the BU exposure close to the target levels, potentially improving efficacy, especially in patients receiving the FLU-containing regimen. Clinical Trial Registry #UMIN000014077
Multidimensional Poverty Analysis in Coastal Region of Sindh Province, Pakistan; a Case Study of Thatta and Badin District
Authors: Dahri Ghulam Nabi , Talpur Basit Ali , Wang Jing , Hu Linyue , Khoso Shumaila Tabassum
Published: July 2022

Multidimensional measures provide an alternative lens through which poverty may be viewed and understood deeply. It is argued that monetary variables (such as income or expenditure) are unable to truly evaluate human well-being (Idrees and Baig, 2017). It is an emerging phenomenon in the South Asian countries where 49% of people are multidimensional poor. The dimension wise breakdown shows the cooking fuel, flooring, nutrition, electricity, child mortality and schooling have major contributors among overall multidimensional poverty (Dhruba et al., 2015). Across 107 developing countries, 1.3 billion people are suffering from acute income poverty with a certain disparity in magnitude. While the dilemma of poverty has become a leading challenge in the history of the developing world, due to its extensive impact on the developmental process (UNDP, 2020). Analysis of Multidimensional poverty in the coastal region of Sindh; Thatta and Badin. To identify the impact of multidimensional poverty on socioeconomics conditions in the coastal region. To analyze the Multidimensional poverty in districts Thatta and Badin and examine the key factor influencing the multidimensional poverty in the study area. Primary data was collected to achieve targets and meet the objectives of the study. A random sampling technique used for the data collection procedure, total sample size of the respondents was 100. Data entered and arranged in a coding system, analyzed through SPSS software and MS Office. The Alkire and Foster method was used for the poverty analysis. We observed that Badin is more derivate as compare to the district Thatta in almost all indicator set by OPHI. Basic facilities needed for improvement through public private partnerships, daily earning source should be increase, and water availability should be improved specially in tail area of Badin district.
Squalene encapsulation by emulsification and freeze-drying process. Effects on bread fortification
Authors: Sponton Osvaldo E. , Perez Adrián A. , Osella Carlos , Cuffia Facundo , Fenoglio Cecilia , Piagentini Andrea , Santiago Liliana G.
Published: July 2022

In the present work, squalene (SQ) was encapsulated by a conventional emulsion method using egg white protein nanoparticles (EWPn), as a high molecular weight surfactant, followed by a freeze-drying process to obtain an SQ powder ingredient. EWPn was produced by heat treatment at 85 °C, 10 min, and pH 10.5. EWPn showed higher emulsifying activity compared to native EWP highlighting their potential to be used for the SQ encapsulation by an emulsification process. Firstly, the encapsulation conditions were studied by using pure corn oil as an SQ carrier. The explored conditions were oil fraction (0.1-0.2), protein amount (2-5% wt.), homogenization pressure (100 and 200 bar), and maltodextrin amount (10-20% wt.). The highest encapsulation efficiency was reached for 0.15 oil fraction, 5% wt. protein concentration, 200 bar homogenization pressure, and 20% maltodextrin. Then, SQ was encapsulated using these conditions to obtain a freeze-dried powder ingredient, which was added to a bread formulation. The total and free oil of SQ freeze-dried powder was 24.4 ± 0.6% and 2.6 ± 0.1%, respectively, resulting in an EE value of 89.5 ± 0.5%. The physical, textural, and sensory properties of functional bread were not affected by the addition of 5.0% SQ freeze-dried powder. Finally, the bread loaves showed higher SQ stability compared with the one formulated with unencapsulated SQ. Hence, the encapsulation system developed was suitable for the obtention of functional bread based on SQ fortification.
Collapse of superradiant phase and unstable macroscopic vacuum state in an-optomechanical-dual-cavity with a Bose-Einstein Condensate
Authors: Liu Ni , Hu Kaixuan , Liang J.-Q.
Published: July 2022

Based on spin-coherent-state variational method, we mainly study the multiple stable macroscopic quantum states and quantum phase transitions of a Bose-Einstein Condensate in an optomechanical dual-cavity by modulating the dual-cavity interaction and the nonlinear phonon-photon interaction. Especially, the collapse of superradiant phase can be tuned in the existing nonlinear photon-phonon interaction, but the critical quantum phase transition point or boundary hasn’t been inflfluenced. As a result, the system occurs an additional phase transition from the superradiant phase to the inversely atomic populated state. Moreover, when dual-cavity coupling interaction increases to a certain value, a new quantum phase transition from the normal phase to the inversely atomic populated state will appear. Finally, the superradiant phase completely collapses and the normal phase also collapses into an unstable macroscopic vacuum state for a strong dual-cavity coupling interaction.
Sleeping Beauties in Autism Literature: A review of the research literature in the twentieth century
Authors: Fazeli-Varzaneh Mohsen , Shekarro Masoud , Ruble Lisa A.
Published: July 2022

Increasing scientific productivity in the field of autism research requires citation evaluations that may produce multiple benefits. One of the most recent citation evaluations is the delayed recognition of scientific productions, known as "Sleeping Beauties", which in this study referred to research articles that were neglected (rarely cited) in the first ten years of publication (ten-year sleep/sleep depth) but suddenly cited in later years (at least ten years later/ten years opportunity to wake up). Based on the standard and comprehensive selection criteria, out of a total of 8,865 papers found in WoS and Medline databases between 1946 and 2000, a total of 197 SB papers were identified, and in the Scopus out of 8,550 papers, which published between 1946 and 2000, 232 papers were identified as SB. Gillberg (1983) received the highest SB score in all citation databases, and Vilensky et al. (1981) received the highest SB score among the most cited papers. The innovative nature of the SB papers and the special attention paid to autism in recent years were discussed and concluded as possible reasons for the findings.