bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODOLOGICAL TOOLS FOR INTERNAL CONTROL OF FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING REPORTING
Authors: Zakirova Alsu , Klychova Guzaliya , Dyatlova Angelina , Khoruzhy Valery , Mavlieva Leysan
Published: July 2023

Providing the management of an economic entity with timely and reliable information about financial and economic activities is one of the conditions for its effective functioning. The main source of such information is the internal control of financial statements. The working documents of internal control developed in the course of the study contribute to the improvement of the methodological support of the audit. To improve the planning of internal control of financial statements, a working document is proposed that allows to increase the effectiveness of control measures and to systemize the results of control procedures in a timely manner. It is recommended to reflect the results of checking the completeness and correctness of reporting accounting data in the working document of internal control “Checking the completeness and correctness of reporting accounting data”, on the basis of which it is possible to draw conclusions about the correctness and completeness of the reflection of accounting data accounting in financial statements. The revealed differences between the data of financial reports and the data of accounting registers allow us to draw conclusions about the deviations that may occur when transferring indicators from accounting registers to the reporting form. Errors found during internal control of financial statements are proposed to be systematized in the working document of internal control "Classifier of identified errors and violations in the process of internal control of financial statements" in order to subsequently assess the impact of identified violations on the organization's performance indicators and on determining taxable base for separate types of taxes.
S-RBD Antibody Titers Following the First and Second Doses of Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination (CoronaVac) in Native Participants: A Prospective Cohort Study in Bali, Indonesia
Authors: Masyeni Sri , Indrawijaya I Made , Wardhana I Made Wisnu , Harapan Harapan , Santosa Agus , Nelwan Erni J
Published: July 2023

Background: Vaccination has been recognized as an additional option, besides the health protocols practices to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, especially with the unknown specific treatment for the disease. This study sought to evaluate the immunogenicity of CoronaVac among the general population in Bali province, a popular tourist spot in Indonesia. Methods: As many as 422 volunteers were recruited from the three vaccination centers, of which 230 volunteers were seronegative and included in the study. CoronaVac was used as vaccine with dose of 0.5 mL or 3 µg at each administration. Blood samples were drawn before vaccination, 21 days after the first dose, and 56 days after second dose, where the interval between the first and second dose vaccination was 28 days. Vaccine immunogenicity was evaluated by the anti-spike receptor-binding domain (anti-S-RBD) IgG titer which was measured using the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay technique. Results: The mean anti-S-RBD levels at 21 days after first dose, and 21 days after the second dose of vaccination are 25.25 ± 59.74 U/mL and 138.77 ± 90.93 U/mL, respectively. The result of the Friedman test was p <0.001 which means that there are significant differences in anti-S-RBD levels between 21 days after first dose and 21 days after second vaccination. Post hoc analysis with the Wilcoxon test also showed significant difference among the three-testing point (p < 0.001). The seroconversion rate from the first dose of CoronaVac was 69.7% and it increased to 99.4% (171/172) on after the second dose. Conclusion: Although the protective level was not totally reached on the first vaccination, the immunogenicity was considered rapid 3 weeks after the first vaccination.
History as a Source of Innovation in Antimicrobial Drug Discovery
Authors: Abdallah Basma , Benhassou Hassan Ait , Sbabou Laila , Janel-Bintz Régine , Choulier Laurence , Pitchon Véronique , Fechter Pierre
Published: July 2023

The proliferation and prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria despite modern medicine is considered as one of the most alarming threats to global health. The fear that antibiotics that work today might not work tomorrow makes it imperative to search and develop novel drugs or therapeutic strategies to fight against micro-organisms resistant to our current approaches. From many centuries, people have sought solutions to combat infections and proposed countless remedies, traces of which can be found in manuscripts preserved over the past centuries. The re-examination and exploitation of these ancient remedies might be a key to a vast pool of potential therapeutic strategies or drug candidates against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. This, however, would first require the consideration of these ancient solutions as scientifically pertinent leads for new therapies. The aim of this review is to highlight arguments in favor of a rationality in the scientific approach of these past physicians as well as of a medicinal interest in studying these ancient pharmacopeias. To narrow the scope of our research, we focused on the Arab Medieval Golden Medical Age, which inspired occidental medicine hundreds of years after its preeminence. We further highlight the possibility of integrating this knowledge into innovative, modern therapeutic approaches.
Embryo Quality and Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) Outcome in Iraqi Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Cohort Prospective Study
Authors: Hassan Muhjah Falah , Kadim Hind Abdul- , Edan Ban Jaber , Dutta Sulagna , Sengupta Pallav
Published: July 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a major cause of ovulatory dysfunctions among reproductive-aged women. PCOS impairs folliculogenesis leading to suboptimal oocyte maturation, impaired embryonic development and pregnancy failure. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a popular option for PCOS patients to attain pregnancy. However, there is no specific determinant to ascertain successful pregnancy outcome in PCOS women undergoing ICSI. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of PCOS on embryo quality and subsequent pregnancy rate in Iraqi women who had undergone ICSI. Over the course of three months, one hundred and three infertile couples who were referred to Al-Sadr Medical City, Kufa, Iraq between October 2017 and June 2018 were enrolled in this study. The couples were divided into two groups: those with PCOS, and those who did not have PCOS. The amounts of hormones were determined. The evaluation of embryo attributes with grading, as well as the determination of the fertilization rate, cleavage rate, and pregnancy rate, were carried out. The difference in fertility and cleavage rates between the PCOS (P=0.40) and non-PCOS (P=0.59) groups was not statistically significant. When comparing the two groups, the mean number of good quality embryos in the PCOS group was higher (P=0.07), whereas the pregnancy rate in the former was considerably lower (P=0.02) than in the latter. According to our findings, PCOS had no negative impact on the quality of the embryos produced by Iraqi women who underwent ICSI treatment. Because PCOS is a complicated disorder characterized by a variety of endogenous physiological variables that may either directly or indirectly interfere with conception, the low likelihood of pregnancy in these patients suggests that good embryo quality is not the only predictor of successful pregnancy.
The use of Stimulan in bone and joint infections
Authors: Mereddy Praveen , Nallamilli Somasekhar R. , Gowda Veda P. , Kasha Srinivas , Godey Shashi K. , Nallamilli Rajyalakshmi R. , GPRK Rohit , Meda Venu G. R.
Published: July 2023

Aims

Musculoskeletal infection is a devastating complication in both trauma and elective orthopaedic surgeries that can result in significant morbidity. Aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and complications of local antibiotic impregnated dissolvable synthetic calcium sulphate beads (Stimulan Rapid Cure) in the hands of different surgeons from multiple centres in surgically managed bone and joint infections.

Methods

Between January 2019 and December 2022, 106 patients with bone and joint infections were treated by five surgeons in five hospitals. Surgical debridement and calcium sulphate bead insertion was performed for local elution of antibiotics in high concentration. In all, 100 patients were available for follow-up at regular intervals. Choice of antibiotic was tailor made for each patient in consultation with microbiologist based on the organism grown on culture and the sensitivity. In majority of our cases, we used a combination of vancomycin and culture sensitive heat stable antibiotic after a thorough debridement of the site. Primary wound closure was achieved in 99 patients and a split skin graft closure was done in one patient. Mean follow-up was 20 months (12 to 30).

Results

Overall, six out of 106 patients (5.6%) presented with sepsis and poorly controlled comorbid conditions, and died in the hospital within few days of index surgery. Out of the remaining 100 patients, control of infection was achieved in 95 patients (95%). Persistence of infection was noted in five (5%) patients. Out of these 95 patients that had good control of infection, four patients (4.2%) with gap nonunion needed Masquelet procedure to achieve union.

Conclusion

Our multicentre experience confirmed that surgical debridement along with calcium sulphate bead insertion was effective in treating bone and joint infections without any side effects and complications.

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(7):516–522.
Analytical comparability to evaluate impact of manufacturing changes of ARX788, an Anti-HER2 ADC in late-stage clinical development
Authors: Yu Wayne , Ramprasad Mysore P. , Pal Manoj , Chen Chris , Paruchuri Shashi , Skidmore Lillian , Knudsen Nick , Allen Molly , Buechler Ying
Published: July 2023

ARX788 is an anti-HER2 antibody drug conjugate (ADC) developed using Ambrx proprietary Engineered Precision Biologics technology. The manufacturing process of ARX788 has been optimized during the course of early to late-phase clinical development. A comprehensive evaluation of side-by-side comparability between pre- and post-change process for ARX788 drug substance and drug product from a quality perspective was conducted based on ICH Q5E guidelines consisting of batch release assays, physicochemical and biophysical characterization, biological characterization, and forced degradation studies. All results have substantiated a high degree of similarity between the pre- and post-change ARX788 drug substance batches and drug product lots, demonstrating that the process manufacturing changes did not impact product quality.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among patients of a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou, Guangdong province, PR China
Authors: Guan Yu-bin , Sun Xiao-xiao , Chen Shao-lian , Zhu Xiao-ting , Zeng Zhi-hua , Lu Han-wei , Feng Hong-mei , Guo Yu , Jiang Wen-gong , Xiong Kui , Yang Xiao-rong , Nam Ho-Woo , Yang Zhao-shou
Published: July 2023

Purpose

This study aimed to explore the prevalence ofToxoplasma gondii(T.gondii) among patients in Guangzhou city, South China, and to identify susceptible patient populations and analyze the causes of infection differences.

Methods

From May 2020 to May 2022, a total of 637 sera were collected from patients, and 205 sera were collected from health participants as health control. All sera were examined by colloidal gold kits to detect the positivity of antibodies againstT.gondii. And the positivity of antibodies in sera was confirmed with ARCHITECT i2000SRsystem.

Results

The prevalence ofT.gondiiinfection in patients was 7.06% (45/637), which was lower than the prevalence in health participants 4.88% (10/205). Among patients, 34 (5.34%) were positive only for IgG, 10 (1.57%) were only for IgM, and 1 (0.16%) was positive for both IgG and IgM. There was a significant difference in prevalence between male and female patients, but not among different age groups or diseases groups. The prevalence ofT.gondiiinfection in diseases groups varied. The prevalence was relatively high in patients with the disorders of thyroid gland and the malignant neoplasms of digestive organs, which suggests that caution should be taken to avoidT.gondiiinfection in these patients. Surprisingly, the prevalence was quite low in diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBC) patients. This may be due to the overexpression of TNF-α in tumor tissues of DLBC patients and the higher protein level of TNF-α in sera of DLBC patients.

Conclusion

This study provides a systematic exploration of the prevalence ofT.gondiiinfection in patients in a tertiary hospital. Our data contributes to a better understanding of the epidemic investigation ofT.gondiiamong patients in South China, which can help the prevention and treatment of the disease caused byT.gondiiinfection.
Economic value in the Brain: A meta-analysis of willingness-to-pay using the Becker-DeGroot-Marschak auction
Authors: Newton-Fenner Alice , Hewitt Danielle , Henderson Jessica , Roberts Hannah , Mari Tyler , Gu Yiquan , Gorelkina Olga , Giesbrecht Timo , Fallon Nicolas , Roberts Carl , Stancak Andrej
Published: July 2023

Forming and comparing subjective values (SVs) of choice options is a critical stage of decision-making. Previous studies have highlighted a complex network of brain regions involved in this process by utilising a diverse range of tasks and stimuli, varying in economic, hedonic and sensory qualities. However, the heterogeneity of tasks and sensory modalities may systematically confound the set of regions mediating the SVs of goods. To identify and delineate the core brain valuation system involved in processing SV, we utilised the Becker-DeGroot-Marschak (BDM) auction, an incentivised demand-revealing mechanism which quantifies SV through the economic metric of willingness-to-pay (WTP). A coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis analysed twenty-four fMRI studies employing a BDM task (731 participants; 190 foci). Using an additional contrast analysis, we also investigated whether this encoding of SV would be invariant to the concurrency of auction task and fMRI recordings. A fail-safe number analysis was conducted to explore potential publication bias. WTP positively correlated with fMRI-BOLD activations in the left ventromedial prefrontal cortex with a sub-cluster extending into anterior cingulate cortex, bilateral ventral striatum, right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, right inferior frontal gyrus, and right anterior insula. Contrast analysis identified preferential engagement of the mentalizing-related structures in response to concurrent scanning. Together, our findings offer succinct empirical support for the core structures participating in the formation of SV, separate from the hedonic aspects of reward and evaluated in terms of WTP using BDM, and show the selective involvement of inhibition-related brain structures during active valuation.
MicroRNA-29b-3p promotes intestinal permeability in IBS-D via targeting TRAF3 to regulate the NF-κB-MLCK signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Yongfu , Ke Wei , Gan Jianfeng , Zhu He , Xie Xiangyu , He Guodong , Liu Shan , Huang Yusheng , Tang Hongmei
Published: July 2023

Irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea (IBS-D) is characterized by increased intestinal permeability. Previous studies have shown that the microRNA-29 gene is involved in the regulation of intestinal permeability in patients with IBS-D. NF-κB was proved to play a key role in inflammatory response of intestine and resultant disruption of tight junction integrity, whose activity could be inhibited by TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3 (TRAF3). However, the exact mechanism that induces increased intestinal permeability in IBS-D patients has not been clarified. In this study, we found that microRNA-29b‑3p (miR-29b-3p) was significantly upregulated, while TRAF3 was decreased and the NF-κB-MLCK pathway was activated within the colonic tissue of IBS-D patients. Subsequently, we confirmed the targeting relationship between miR-29b-3p and TRAF3 through a double-luciferase reporter assay. Lentivirus transfection of NCM460 cells with miR-29b-3p-overexpressing and -silencing vectors demonstrated that the expression of TRAF3 was negatively correlated with the level of miR-29b-3p. The NF-κB/MLCK pathway was activated in the miR-29b-3p-overexpressing group and inhibited to some extent in the miR-29b-3p-silencing group. Results in WT and miR-29 knockout mice showed that miR-29b-3p levels were increased, TRAF3 levels were decreased, and the NF-κB/MLCK signaling was activated in the WT IBS-D group as compared with the WT control group. The protein levels of TRAF3 and TJs in the miR-29b-/-IBS-D group were partially recovered and NF-κB/MLCK pathway indicators were, to a certain extent, decreased as compared with the WT IBS-D group. These results suggested that miR-29b-3p deletion enhances the TRAF3 level in IBS-D mice and alleviates the high intestinal permeability. In brief, through the analysis of intestinal tissue samples from IBS-D patients and miR-29b-/-IBS-D mice, we showed that miR-29b-3p is involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal hyperpermeability in IBS-D via targeting TRAF3 to regulate the NF-κB-MLCK signaling pathway.
Psychological factors and production behaviors of Chinese undergraduate EFL learners
Authors: Wang Zheng
Published: July 2023

Psychological factor have received much attention in education research. The present mixed-methods study focuses on the effect of foreign language enjoyment (FLE), foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA) on production behaviors among 182 Chinese English as a foreign language (EFL) learners in FL teaching classes. The major findings are as follows: (1) Chinese university students prefer written production behaviors to oral ones, and personal or pair-work oral practice to onstage oral demonstrations due to foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA); (2) gender does not affect foreign language enjoyment (FLE), foreign language classroom anxiety (FLCA), or production behaviors; (3) language competence or test scores did not directly affect students’ decisions to speak English or not; (4) Team cooperation, classroom atmosphere, attitude towards English, and interesting materials mediated FLE and FLCA, thus affecting the students’ readiness for language output or production behaviors. Of these above-mentioned variables, team cooperation and classroom atmosphere are two most important factors in enhancing positive emotion and production behaviors. The implications of the study are to help teachers optimize their classroom activities o harness the emotions of learners, boost their FLE and lower their FLCA, and improve their willingness to speak a foreign language.
Categorical consistency facilitates implicit learning of color-number associations
Authors: Retter Talia L. , Eraßmy Lucas , Schiltz Christine
Published: July 2023

In making sense of the environment, we implicitly learn to associate stimulus attributes that frequently occur together. Is such learning favored for categories over individual items? Here, we introduce a novel paradigm for directly comparing category- to item-level learning. In a category-level experiment, even numbers (2,4,6,8) had a high-probability of appearing in blue, and odd numbers (3,5,7,9) in yellow. Associative learning was measured by the relative performance on trials with low-probability (p = .09) to high-probability (p = .91) number colors. There was strong evidence for associative learning: low-probability performance was impaired (40ms RT increase and 8.3% accuracy decrease relative to high-probability). This was not the case in an item-level experiment with a different group of participants, in which high-probability colors were non-categorically assigned (blue: 2,3,6,7; yellow: 4,5,8,9; 9ms RT increase and 1.5% accuracyincrease). The categorical advantage was upheld in an explicit color association report (83% accuracy vs. 43% at the item-level). These results support a conceptual view of perception and suggest empirical bases of categorical, not item-level, color labeling of learning materials.
Assessing microhabitat, landscape features and intraguild relationships in the occupancy of the enigmatic and threatened Andean tiger cat (Leopardus tigrinus pardinoides) in the cloud forests of northwestern Colombia
Authors: Cepeda-Duque Juan Camilo , Andrade-Ponce Gabriel , Montes-Rojas Andrés , Rendón-Jaramillo Uriel , López-Velasco Valentina , Arango-Correa Eduven , López-Barrera Álex , Mazariegos Luis , Lizcano D. Diego , Link Andrés , de Oliveira Tadeu Gomes
Published: July 2023

Mesocarnivores play a key role in ecosystem dynamics through the regulation of prey populations and are sensitive to environmental changes; thus, they are often considered good model organisms for conservation planning. However, data regarding the factors that influence the habitat use of threatened small wild felids such as the Andean tiger cat (Leopardus tigrinus pardinoides) are scarce. We conducted a two-year survey with 58 camera trap stations to evaluate the determinants of Andean tiger cat habitat use in three protected areas in the Middle Cauca, Colombia. We developed site occupancy models and found that Andean tiger cat habitat use increased with leaf litter depth at intermediate elevations and far from human settlements. Through conditional cooccurrence models, we found that Andean tiger cat habitat use was invariant to the presence of prey or potential intraguild competitors and killers/predators, but its detectability increased when they were present and detected. This suggests that Andean tiger cats may be more likely to be detected in sites with high prey availability. We found that Andean tiger cats preferred sites with deep leaf litter, which is a particular feature of cloud forests that provides suitable conditions for ambush hunting and hiding from intraguild enemies. Our results showed that Andean tiger cats avoided human settlements, which may minimize potential mortality risks in those areas. Moreover, the restricted use of middle elevations by Andean tiger cats suggested that they could be used as a sentinel species to track the effects of climate change since their suitable habitat is likely to be projected upward in elevation. Future conservation actions must be focused on identifying and mitigating human-related threats close to the Andean tiger cat habitat while preserving microhabitat conditions and the existing networks of protected areas.
Association of plasma miRNAs with early life performance and aging in dairy cattle
Authors: MacLeay Madison , Banos Georgios , Donadeu Francesc Xavier
Published: July 2023

Early life performance traits in dairy cattle can have important influences on lifetime productivity. Poor health and fertility are of great economical and animal welfare concern. Circulating miRNAs have been linked to several livestock traits, including resistance to infection, fertility, and muscle development. This study aimed to identify circulating miRNAs associated with early life performance traits and aging in dairy cattle. Plasma samples from female calves (n = 12) identified retrospectively as differing in health, growth, and fertility outcomes prior to first calving were analyzed using PCR arrays detecting 378 miRNAs. Levels of 6 miRNAs differed significantly in calves with poor growth/fertility relative to controls (t-test: P<0.05). Additionally, general(ized) (non)linear mixed models identified 1 miRNA associated with average daily gain until weaning, 22 with live bodyweight at one year of age, 47 with age at first service, and 19 with number of infections before first calving. Out of 85 distinct miRNAs that were associated with at least one animal trait, 9 miRNAs were validated by RT-qPCR in a larger cohort (n = 91 animals), which included longitudinal plasma samples (calf, heifer, first lactation cow). Significant associations (P<0.05) involving individual miRNAs or ratios between miRNAs and early-life performance traits were identified, but did not retain significance after multiple testing adjustment. However, levels of 8 plasma miRNAs (miR-126-3p, miR-127, miR-142-5p, miR-154b, miR-27b, miR-30c-5p, miR-34a, miR-363) changed significantly with age, most prominently during the calf-to-heifer transition. Comparative RT-qPCR analyses of these miRNAs across 19 calf tissues showed that most were ubiquitously expressed. Online database mining identified several pathways involved in metabolism and cell signaling as putative biological targets of these miRNAs. These results suggest that miR-126-3p, miR-127, miR-142-5p, miR-154b, miR-27b, miR-30c-5p, miR-34a, miR-363 are involved in regulating growth and development from birth to first lactation (~2 years old) and could provide useful biomarkers of aging in cattle.
The possible molecular mechanism underlying the involvement of the variable shear factor QKI in the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of oesophageal cancer
Authors: Cui Yishuang , Wu Yanan , Zhu Yingze , Liu Wei , Huang Lanxiang , Hong Ziqian , Zhang Mengshi , Zheng Xuan , Sun Guogui
Published: July 2023

Objective

Based on the GEO, TCGA and GTEx databases, we reveal the possible molecular mechanism of the variable shear factor QKI in epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of oesophageal cancer.

Methods

Based on the TCGA and GTEx databases, the differential expression of the variable shear factor QKI in oesophageal cancer samples was analysed, and functional enrichment analysis of QKI was performed based on the TCGA-ESCA dataset. The percent-spliced in (PSI) data of oesophageal cancer samples were downloaded from the TCGASpliceSeq database, and the genes and variable splicing types that were significantly related to the expression of the variable splicing factor QKI were screened out. We further identified the significantly upregulated circRNAs and their corresponding coding genes in oesophageal cancer, screened the EMT-related genes that were significantly positively correlated with QKI expression, predicted the circRNA-miRNA binding relationship through the circBank database, predicted the miRNA-mRNA binding relationship through the TargetScan database, and finally obtained the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network through which QKI promoted the EMT process.

Results

Compared with normal control tissue, QKI expression was significantly upregulated in tumour tissue samples of oesophageal cancer patients. High expression of QKI may promote the EMT process in oesophageal cancer. QKI promotes hsa_circ_0006646 and hsa_circ_0061395 generation by regulating the variable shear of BACH1 and PTK2. In oesophageal cancer, QKI may promote the production of the above two circRNAs by regulating variable splicing, and these circRNAs further competitively bind miRNAs to relieve the targeted inhibition of IL-11, MFAP2, MMP10, and MMP1 and finally promote the EMT process.

Conclusion

Variable shear factor QKI promotes hsa_circ_0006646 and hsa_circ_0061395 generation, and downstream related miRNAs can relieve the targeted inhibition of EMT-related genes (IL11, MFAP2, MMP10, MMP1) and promote the occurrence and development of oesophageal cancer, providing a new theoretical basis for screening prognostic markers of oesophageal cancer patients.
Bacias hidrogeológicas: conceitos e aplicações
Authors: Campos José Eloi , Galvão Manuela Freire
Published: July 2023

Uma bacia hidrogeológica representa um compartimento em subsuperfície, representado por um aquífero, conjunto de aquíferos ou parte de uma unidade estratigráfica cujo fluxo converge para um único exutório ou área de descarga. Assim, um aquífero ou sistema aquífero pode representar uma única bacia hidrogeológica ou pode ser subdividido em diferentes bacias, em função do arranjo divergente dos sentidos do fluxo subterrâneo. Ao contrário de uma bacia hidrográfica que pode ter seu exutório representado por um ponto que representa toda a área a montante, na bacia hidrogeológica a zona de descarga é comumente representada por uma área, ou um corpo hídrico de superfície, ou segmento de curso d’água superficial. Um conjunto de bacias hidrogeológicas pode ocorrer de forma sobreposta em função da complexidade geológica regional, da espessura dos estratos e do relevo na superfície. A determinação dos limites das bacias hidrogeológicas associadas a um aquífero ou conjunto de aquíferos é importante para o entendimento da dinâmica de fluxo em subsuperfície, além de auxiliar na compreensão da relação com as bacias hidrográficas que as sobrepõem em superfície. Diferentes técnicas e métodos de estudos podem ser aplicados para a determinação e cartografia dos limites das bacias hidrogeológicas incluindo, potenciometria, geofísica, hidroquímica, técnicas hidrológicas, testes de traçadores, hidrologia isotópica, dentre outros. Entretanto, apesar de sua importância este não é um tema recorrente na literatura aplicada aos recursos hídricos subterrâneos, sendo uma terminologia ainda pouco utilizada no meio científico. A maior parte das citações a esta denominação apenas se refere a aquíferos, conjuntos de aquíferos, unidades hidroestratigráficas, sem considerar o conceito da bacia hidrogeológica sensu strictu. Considerando tais questões, o presente trabalho propõe uma revisão do conhecimento a respeito das bacias hidrogeológicas, bem como expandir e atualizar seu conceito e discutir suas aplicações em diferentes contextos, incluindo: gestão de recursos hídricos, projetos de recarga artificial, estimativa de reservas hídricas, desenvolvimento de modelos conceituais e simulações numéricas, dentre outras.
Semaglutide — effectiveness in weight loss and side effects when used according to studies by SUSTAIN, PIONEER, STEP
Authors: Shabutdinova O. R. , Dautov A. R. , Samkov A. A. , Kononenko A. V. , Sargaliev A. F. , Davletshin A. R. , Andresova P. A. , Zarbeeva K. R. , Torshkhoeva D. A. , Rakhmonkulov U. A. , Afanasyev A. A.
Published: July 2023

Overweight and obesity are a worldwide common problem and are diagnosed with a body mass index (BMI) value in the range of 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 and ≥30.0 kg/m2, respectively. Obese patients are at high risk of developing concomitant diseases, such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), hyperlipidemia, stroke and even some types of cancer. In the Russian Federation in 2016, the proportion of overweight people was 62.0%, with obesity — 26.2%. The authors performed an electronic search in the PubMed information database. Two search elements were used: «Semaglutide» and «Obesity». The search included studies published from the date of foundation of the database to August 2022. The search was limited only to the results of clinical trials. The authors obtained 26 results, but only the studies of SUSTAIN, PIONEER (Peptide Innovation for Early Diabetes Treatment) and STEP were considered, since they were original, randomized, controlled clinical trials conducted before the approval of semaglutide for the treatment of DM2 and obesity.
Alemtuzumab-induced Graves’ disease
Authors: Sheremeta M. S. , Korchagina M. O. , Guseinova R. M. , Schmidt T. E. , Nizhegorodova K. S. , Sviridenko N. Yu. , Melnichenko G. A.
Published: July 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, mediated by Th1/Th17 lymphocytes as well as B lymphocytes, macrophages and other immune cells. Some patients with MS are treated with alemtuzumab, a monoclonal antibody against CD52+ cells, which belongs to the disease-modifying therapies (DMTs). The main effect of alemtuzumab is related to changes in immune recruitment. Alemtuzumab therapy can induce secondary autoimmunity against the background of immune rebalancing. The thyroid gland is generally involved in the autoimmune process. Graves’ disease (GD) develops most often, followed by autoimmune thyroiditis.

We present a clinical case of a patient with GD developed after alemtuzumab therapy for MS. The patient was referred to a radiologist at the Department of Radionuclide Therapy of Endocrinology Research Centre for radioiodine therapy (RAIT) due to relapse of thyrotoxicosis after anti-thyroid drug therapy for GD. The goal of treatment was achieved in 2 months, thyroid hormone therapy was initiated, against the background of this, there was compensation of thyroid function.
Siedlungsschwerpunkte und die Verteilung bedeutsamer Einrichtungen im Kernbereich des Ruhrgebiets
Authors: Pohlmann Heinz-Josef
Published: July 2023

In Siedlungsschwerpunkten sollen Dienstleistungen und Wohnungen konzentriert sein, und sie sollen an leistungfähige Linien des ÖPNV angebunden sein. Ihnen kommt innerhalb der Siedlungsstruktur eine besondere Bedeutung für die Versorgung der Bevölkerung zu. Die Darstellungen der Siedlungsschwerpunkte der Ruhrgebietskernstädte werden verglichen und in ein dreistufiges System gebracht. Die Grundversorgung wie auch weitgehend die Versorgung im Bereich des mittelfristigen Bedarfs ist flächendeckend gewährleistet. Siedlungsschwerpunkte mit oberzentralen Gütern und Dienstleistungen finden sich dagegen primär in den Oberzentren auf der Hellwegachse. Weitgehend bestätigt wird diese Einschätzung durch einen Vergleich des Systems der Siedlungsschwerpunkte mit der Verteilung der Standorte bedeutender Einrichtungen. Allerdings geht die Verteilung der bedeutenden Einrichtungen oft über den idealtypischen Radius eines Siedlungsschwerpunktes von 1 km hinaus. Auch die geforderte Anbindung an leistungsfähige Linien des regionalen ÖPNV ist vielfach nicht gegeben. Hieraus werden Forderungen insbesondere nach einer stärkeren Kooperation der Ruhrgebietskernstädte abgeleitet.
Zur Fortentwicklung des Raumordnungsverfahrens auch im Hinblick auf die Bestrebungen zur Beschleunigung des Planungsablaufs
Authors: Brenken Günter
Published: July 2023

Die bundesweite Einführung des Raumordnungsverfahrens (ROV) mit erstinstanzlicher – überörtlicher – UVP durch die Novelle zum Raumordnungsgesetz (ROG) hat die Koordinierungs- und Abstimmungsaufgabe der Raumordnung wesentlich erweitert. Es gilt nun, dieses Verfahren der Prüfung des Makrostandorts raumbedeutsamer Einzelvorhaben so durchzuführen, daß die sich bietenden Verfahrensvorzüge – frühes Planungsstadium mit Änderungsmöglichkeiten auch im Grundsätzlichen, Erfassung und Erörterung aller berührten Faktoren unter Beteiligung der räumlich und fachlich befaßten Stellen – so durchzuführen, daß trotz der erweiterten Prüfungsbreite letztlich eine Verkürzung des gesamten Planungsablaufs erreicht wird. In die Abhandlung der Umweltbelange sind auch die zur Sicherung von Natur und Landschaft entwickelten Instrumente der Raumordnung einzubeziehen, was den Umwelterfordernissen im Einzelfall ein stärkeres Gewicht als bei rein fachlicher Bewertung verschaffen kann. Die Entkleidung des ROV vom nur behördeninternen Charakter durch die für die UVP vorgeschriebene Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung läßt insbesondere bei deren erweiterter Form die Wirkung einer “Abschichtung” behandelter Aspekte geboten erscheinen. Auch für Rechtsträger, die durch das Vorhaben “betroffen” im Sinne des Verwaltungsverfahrensgesetzes sind, empfiehlt sich eine Beteiligung am ROV.
Phase Change Material on Augmentation of Fresh Water Production Using Pyramid Solar Still
Authors: Ravishankara S. , Nagarajan P.K. , Vijayakumar D. , Jawahar M.K.
Published: July 2023

The augmentation of fresh water and increase in the solar still efficiency of a triangular pyramid is added with phase change material (PCM) on the basin. Experimental studies were conducted and the effects of production of fresh water with and without PCM were investigated. Using paraffin as the PCM material, performance of the solar still were conducted on a hot, humid climate of Chennai (13°5′ 2" North, 80°16′ 12"East), India. The use of paraffin wax increases the latent heat storage so that the energy is stored in the PCM and in the absence of solar radiation it rejects its stored heat into the basin for further evaporation of water from the basin. Temperatures of water, Tw, Temperature of phase change material, TPCM, Temperature of cover, Tc were measured using thermocouple. Results show that there is an increase of maximum 20%, in productivity of fresh water with PCM.
Text Indexing for Long Patterns: Anchors are All you Need
Authors: Ayad Lorraine A. K. , Loukides Grigorios , Pissis Solon P.
Published: July 2023

In many real-world database systems, a large fraction of the data is represented by strings: sequences of letters over some alphabet. This is because strings can easily encode data arising from different sources. It is often crucial to represent such string datasets in a compact form but also to
simultaneously
enable fast pattern matching queries. This is the classic text indexing problem. The four absolute measures anyone should pay attention to when designing or implementing a text index are:
(i)
index space;
(ii)
query time;
(iii)
construction space; and
(iv)
construction time. Unfortunately, however, most (if not all) widely-used indexes (e.g., suffix tree, suffix array, or their compressed counterparts) are not optimized for all four measures simultaneously, as it is difficult to have the best of all four worlds. Here, we take an important step in this direction by showing that text indexing with locally consistent anchors (lc-anchors) offers remarkably good performance in all four measures, when we have at hand a lower bound
l
on the length of the queried patterns --- which is arguably a quite reasonable assumption in practical applications. Specifically, we improve on the construction of the index proposed by Loukides and Pissis, which is based on bidirectional string anchors (bd-anchors), a new type of lc-anchors, by:
(i)
designing an average-case linear-time algorithm to compute bd-anchors; and
(ii)
developing a semi-external-memory implementation to construct the index in small space using near-optimal work. We then present an extensive experimental evaluation, based on the four measures, using real benchmark datasets. The results show that, for long patterns, the index constructed using our improved algorithms compares favorably to all classic indexes: (compressed) suffix tree; (compressed) suffix array; and the FM-index.
Decoupled Graph Neural Networks for Large Dynamic Graphs
Authors: Zheng Yanping , Wei Zhewei , Liu Jiajun
Published: July 2023

Real-world graphs, such as social networks, financial transactions, and recommendation systems, often demonstrate dynamic behavior. This phenomenon, known as graph stream, involves the dynamic changes of nodes and the emergence and disappearance of edges. To effectively capture both the structural and temporal aspects of these dynamic graphs, dynamic graph neural networks have been developed. However, existing methods are usually tailored to process either continuous-time or discrete-time dynamic graphs, and cannot be generalized from one to the other. In this paper, we propose a decoupled graph neural network for large dynamic graphs, including a unified dynamic propagation that supports efficient computation for both continuous and discrete dynamic graphs. Since graph structure-related computations are only performed during the propagation process, the prediction process for the downstream task can be trained separately without expensive graph computations, and therefore any sequence model can be plugged-in and used. As a result, our algorithm achieves exceptional scalability and expressiveness. We evaluate our algorithm on seven real-world datasets of both continuous-time and discrete-time dynamic graphs. The experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm achieves state-of-the-art performance in both kinds of dynamic graphs. Most notably, the scalability of our algorithm is well illustrated by its successful application to large graphs with up to over a billion temporal edges and over a hundred million nodes.
Weldability of high nitrogen steels: A review
Authors: Wang Xingxing , Tian Jiahao , Li Shuai , He Peng , Fang Naiwen , Wen Guodong
Published: July 2023

High nitrogen steel (HNS) have been widely used in many industrial fields in place of stainless steels. As we know, the welding is the main fabricating method of the HNS structural components. In this article, the recent investigations of joining methods of HNS, such as tungsten inert gas welding, melt inert-gas welding, laser welding, laser-arc hybrid welding, friction stir welding (FSW), and brazing method are summarized. First, the effect of nitrogen content in shielding gas, welding wire, and base metal on the evolution of microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion susceptibility of fusion welded joints are discussed systemically. Then the existing problem during FSW and brazing process of HNS are analyzed. Additionally, the key issues and future trends in the joining of HNS are proposed. The main purpose of this review is to provide a technical reference and theoretical basis for research and technological development during the welding of HNS.
Incomplete circle of Willis as a risk factor for intraoperative ischemic events during carotid endarterectomies performed under regional anesthesia – A prospective case-series
Authors: Gyöngyösi Zoltán , Belán Ivett , Nagy Edit , Fülesdi Zsófia , Farkas Orsolya , Végh Tamás , Hoksbergen Arjan Willem , Fülesdi Béla
Published: July 2023

Background

The role of the willisian collaterals during carotid endarterectomies (CEAs) is a debated issue. The aim of the present work was to test whether an incomplete or non-functional circle of Willis (CoW) is a risk factor for ischemic events during CEA.

Patients and methods

CEAs were performed under local anesthesia. Patients were considered symptomatic (SY) if neurological signs appeared after the cross-clamping phase. In SY patients shunt insertion was performed. CoW on CT angiograms (CTa) were analyzed offline and categorized as non-functional (missing or hypoplastic collaterals) or functional collaterals by three neuroradiologists. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was performed throughout the procedure.

Results

Based on CTa, 67 incomplete circles were found, 54 were asymptomatic (ASY) and 13 were SY. No complete CoW was found among the SY patients. Significant differences could be detected between incomplete and complete circles between ASY and SY groups (Chi-square: 6.08; p = 0.013). The anterior communicating artery was missing or hypoplastic in 5/13 SY cases. There were no cases of the non-functional anterior communicating arteries in the ASY group (Chi-square: 32.9; p = 10−8). A missing or non-functional bilateral posterior communicating artery was observed in 9/13 SY and in 9/81 ASY patients (Chi-square: 24.4; p = 10−7). NIRS had a sensitivity of 76.9% and a specificity of 74.5% in detecting neurological symptoms.

Conclusions

Collateral ability of the CoW may be a risk factor for ischemic events during CEAs. Further studies should delineate whether the preoperative assessment of collateral capacity may be useful in decision-making about shunt use during CEA.
NR2C2 of macrophages promotes inflammation via NF-κB in LPS-induced orchitis in mice
Authors: Min Ziqian , Wan Jingyu , Xin Huan , Liu Xiaowen , Rao Xinxu , Fan Ziling , Yang Lifang , Li Dan
Published: July 2023

In brief

Bacterial infection can induce testicular inflammation and damage male fertility. This paper reveals the role of nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group C member 2 (NR2C2) in macrophage cells in orchitis caused by bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infection.

Bacterial infection and induced inflammation are important causes of male infertility. Here, we described the characteristics of expression and the regulatory role of NR2C2 in testicular inflammatory injury induced by infection with the bacterial endotoxin LPS. We found that NR2C2 was highly expressed in the testes and the expression of NR2C2 was upregulated in testicular macrophages in the LPS-induced mouse orchitis model in vivo. In primary testicular macrophages and RAW264.7 cells in vitro, RNA interference with the Nr2c2 gene downregulated the expression of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β and IL-6. In addition, the knockdown of NR2C2 in macrophages alleviated the inhibitory effect of the inflammatory supernatant secreted by the macrophages on the proliferation of spermatogonia GC-1 SPG cells. Mechanistically, NR2C2 activated NF-κB signaling by binding with DR elements in the promotor of the Nfκb gene and promoted the development of inflammation. These data are the first to confirm that during LPS-induced bacterial infection, NR2C2 plays a proinflammatory role by activating IL-1β and IL-6 via the NF-κB pathway in macrophages, consequently inhibiting the proliferation of spermatogonia and damaging the quality of sperm. Our findings reveal the important role of NR2C2 in testicular inflammatory injury induced via LPS and provide a new potential target and a molecular basis for the treatment of male infertility caused by bacterial infection.
ПРОБЛЕМНІ АСПЕКТИ УПРАВЛІННЯ РИЗИКАМИ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНИХ ТА ІНФРАСТРУКТУРНИХ ПРОЄКТІВ ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Kropelnytska S.O. , Kryhovetska Z.M. , Matskiv V.V. , Plets I.I.
Published: July 2023

Наукове дослідження, що відображено у статті, зосереджене на розгляді та обґрунтуванні основних і актуальних проблемних аспектів застосування інструментів управління ризиками та рекомендаціях щодо їх оптимального поєднання задля забезпечення максимальної ефективності управління ризиками при реалізації інвестиційних та інфраструктурних проектів відновлення України.

У статті використані методи теоретичного аналізу наукової літератури, статистичного аналізу для дослідження та систематизації даних про обсяги економічних збитків за час повномасштабної війни в Україні та оцінки потреб в інвестиціях відновлення за секторами економіки та порівняльного аналізу  страхових і гарантійних інструментів управління ризиками інвестиційних та інфраструктурних проектів з врахуванням воєнно-політичних умов їх реалізації тощо.

Результати дослідження показали, що інвестиційні та інфраструктурні проекти відновлення України супроводжуються значними ризиками, які пов'язані з невизначеністю економічних та політичних умов під час війни росії проти України, фінансовими та технічними процедурними проблемами, змінами в законодавстві, зокрема щодо інструментів стимулювання інвестицій тощо. Для ефективного управління цими ризиками необхідно використовувати комплексний підхід, що включає в себе розробку стратегії управління ризиками, визначення процедур контролю та моніторингу ризиків, використання фінансових, гарантійних, страхових та діджитал інструментів тощо.

Наукова новина дослідження полягає у постановці питання необхідності розробки оптимального поєднання інструментів управління ризиками для інвестиційних та інфраструктурних проектів відновлення України в умовах невизначеності, пов’язаного з воєнним та післявоєнним періодом і його умовами.

Практична значущість полягає в тому, що результати дослідження можуть бути використані управлінцями, інвесторами та розробниками проектів відновлення економіки України як в умовах існуючого військового стану, так і після його завершення.