bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Basic Approach to Lymph Node and Flow Cytometry Fine-Needle Cytology
Authors: Barroca Helena , Marques Cristina
Published: September 2016

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the new classification of lymphomas is mainly based on morphological, immunophenotypical, and molecular criteria. Consequently, this new approach has led from the substantial role that architecture played in the past to a secondary panel highlighting the role of fine-needle biopsy (FNB). Applied together with other ancillary techniques, such as flow cytometry (FC), FNB is a potential tool for the diagnosis of lymphomas, and enlarged lymph nodes represent an excellent target for the implementation of this technique. Despite the difficulties inherent in this technology, which might pose problems in differential diagnosis, in the majority of cases this joint work allows an accurate diagnosis of malignancy and even correct subcharacterization in routine lymphomas. Additionally, in selected cases, other molecular techniques like FISH and PCR can also be performed on FNB specimens, helping in the characterization and diagnosis of lymphomas. In this review, we discuss the basic aspects of the combination of FNB cytology and FC in the diagnosis and subclassification of lymphomas. The preanalytical phase is extensively discussed. The advantages, disadvantages, and technical limitations of this joint work are addressed in general and in terms of the accurate subclassification of lymphomas.
The Administration of Celecoxib as an Analgesic after Liver Resection Is Safe
Authors: Hokuto Daisuke , Nomi Takeo , Kawaguchi Chihiro , Yoshikawa Takahiro , Yasuda Satoshi , Obara Shinsaku , Yamato Ichiro , Yamada Takatsugu , Kanehiro Hiromichi , Nakajima Yoshiyuki
Published: September 2016

Background: There are a few studies that have evaluated postoperative analgesia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of administering celecoxib to manage postoperative pain after liver surgery. Methods: The cases of patients who underwent liver resection at Nara Medical University from April 2008 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. From January 2013 to December 2015, celecoxib was routinely administered (600 mg/day on postoperative day (POD) 2 and 400 mg/day from POD 3-7), whereas celecoxib was not administered from April 2008 to December 2012. The patients' baseline characteristics, the operative procedures, and postoperative complications were analyzed. Results: In total, 207 patients were administered celecoxib (celecoxib group), whereas 246 were not (non-celecoxib group). The preoperative serum total bilirubin and creatinine levels and indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min values of the 2 groups were similar. Similar incidences of overall and major complications (Clavien-Dindo classification ≥grade IIIa) were seen in both groups (33.8 vs. 36.2%, p = 0.601 and 12.1 vs. 12.6%, p = 0.866, respectively). No significant differences in the incidences of gastrointestinal bleeding, acute renal failure, or portal vein thrombosis were observed between the groups. Conclusions: The use of celecoxib for postoperative analgesia in the early period after liver resection is safe.
Primary Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma of the Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue of the Lacrimal Sac Found with Epiphora: A Case Report
Authors: Kitaguchi Yoshiyuki , Takahashi Yasuhiro , Mupas-Uy Jacqueline , Takahashi Emiko , Kakizaki Hirohiko
Published: September 2016

We report a case of a primary marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of the lacrimal sac, which was found in a patient with epiphora without palpable mass. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated mucosal thickening of the lacrimal sac with a patent lumen, consistent with the intraoperative finding. Epiphora resolved, which was confirmed by smooth syringing, 1 month after starting the immunotherapy.
A Case of Hydranencephaly in Which Ophthalmic Examinations Were Performed
Authors: Eda Shohei , Terai Tomoko , Nishikawa Yuko , Tonari Masahiro , Kida Teruyo , Oku Hidehiro , Sugasawa Jun , Shimakawa Shuichi , Hasegawa Masashi  , Ogihara Tohru , Ikeda Tsunehiko
Published: September 2016

Purpose: We performed ophthalmic examinations, including optical coherence tomography (OCT), on a case diagnosed with hydranencephaly. Case Report: This case involved a female infant born at the gestational age of 35 weeks and 4 days, with the birth weight of 2,152 g, who was one of monochorionic diamniotic twins, and the identical twin died in utero at the gestational age of 24 weeks. After that, examination by fetal echo indicated that she had microcephaly and ventriculomegaly. Postnatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of her head indicated microcephaly and significant enlargement of the lateral ventricle on both sides, with no obvious signs of elevated intracranial pressure. The brain parenchyma of both sides of the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, and occipital lobe had marked thinning, yet that of the temporal lobe, basal ganglia, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum had been maintained. Moreover, no obvious hematoma or neoplastic lesions were observed. Ophthalmic examinations indicated that both of her eyes had slight light reflex, attributed to optic nerve atrophy. Examination by use of a hand-held OCT system indicated a layered structure of the retina and thinning of the ganglion cell layer. Flicker electroretinogram (ERG) examination by use of a hand-held ERG system indicated an almost normal wave. However, no clear visual reaction was observed when she was 10 months old. Conclusion: Our findings in this case of hydranencephaly revealed that even though the outer layer functions of the patient’s retina were maintained, extensive damage to her cerebral cortex resulted in poor visual function.
Intensive Home Hemodialysis Results in Regression of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Better Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Trinh Emilie , Chan Christopher T.
Published: September 2016

Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an independent risk factor for mortality and cardiovascular events in patients with end-stage renal disease. Studies have shown that frequent hemodialysis leads to LVH regression, but the impact of left ventricular mass (LVM) regression on clinical outcomes remains unknown. Methods: This observational cohort study assessed the impact of LVH regression on the composite outcome of time to all-cause mortality, technique failure or cardiovascular hospitalization in patients on home hemodialysis. LVH regression was defined as either a reduction of more than 10% in LVM in patients with LVH at baseline or prevention of LVH in those without LVH at baseline. Risk factors associated with progression of LVM were also examined. Results: We studied 144 intensive hemodialysis patients between 1999 and 2012 with a mean follow-up of 4.7 years. Eighty-seven patients (60.4%) had LVH regression or prevention and 57 patients (39.6%) had LVH progression. In a multivariate analysis, smoking (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.06-7.36) and presence of LVH at baseline (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.06-4.59) were significant predictors for LVM progression. Sixteen patients (18.4%) in the regressor group and 19 patients (33.3%) in the progressor group developed the composite end point. When adjusted for age and diabetes, regression was significantly associated with a decreased risk (hazards ratio (HR) 0.42, 95% CI 0.21-0.84) for the composite end point. Regression was also significantly associated with a decreased risk of death in the adjusted analysis (HR 0.20, 95% CI 0.06-0.67). Conclusions: Regression of LVH with intensive hemodialysis is associated with favorable clinical outcomes.
Intermedin
1−
53
Attenuates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress
Authors: Lu Wei-Wei , Jia Li-Xin , Ni Xian-Qiang , Zhao Lei , Chang Jin-Rui , Zhang Jin-Sheng , Hou Yue-Long , Zhu Yi , Guan You-Fei , Yu Yan-Rong , Du Jie , Tang Chao-Shu , Qi Yong-Fen
Published: September 2016

Objective—

Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Intermedin (IMD) is a regulator of oxidative stress. Here, we investigated whether IMD reduces AAA by inhibiting oxidative stress.

Approach and Results—

In angiotensin II–induced ApoE
−
/−
mouse and CaCl
2
-induced C57BL/6J mouse model of AAA, IMD
1−
53
significantly reduced the incidence of AAA and maximal aortic diameter. Ultrasonography, hematoxylin, and eosin staining and Verhoeff–van Gieson staining showed that IMD
1−
53
significantly decreased the enlarged aortas and elastic lamina degradation induced by angiotensin II or CaCl
2
. Mechanistically, IMD
1−
53
attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation, vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis, and matrix metalloproteinase activation. IMD
1−
53
inhibited the activation of redox-sensitive signaling pathways, decreased the mRNA and protein expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunits, and reduced the activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase in AAA mice. Expression of Nox4 was upregulated in human AAA segments and in angiotensin II–treated mouse aortas and was markedly decreased by IMD
1−
53
. In vitro, vascular smooth muscle cells with small-interfering RNA knockdown of IMD showed significantly increased angiotensin II–induced reactive oxygen species, and small-interfering RNA knockdown of Nox4 markedly inhibited the reactive oxygen species. IMD knockdown further increased the apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells and inflammation, which was reversed by Nox4 knockdown. Preincubation with IMD
17−
47
and protein kinase A inhibitor H89 inhibited the effect of IMD
1–53
, reducing Nox4 protein levels.

Conclusions—

IMD
1−
53
could have a protective effect on AAA by inhibiting oxidative stress.
Metabolites of Glutamate Metabolism Are Associated With Incident Cardiovascular Events in the PREDIMED PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) Trial
Authors: Zheng Yan , Hu Frank B. , Ruiz‐Canela Miguel , Clish Clary B. , Dennis Courtney , Salas‐Salvado Jordi , Hruby Adela , Liang Liming , Toledo Estefania , Corella Dolores , Ros Emilio , Fitó Montserrat , Gómez‐Gracia Enrique , Arós Fernando , Fiol Miquel , Lapetra José , Serra‐Majem Lluis , Estruch Ramón , Martínez‐González Miguel A.
Published: September 2016

Background

Glutamate metabolism may play a role in the pathophysiology of cardiometabolic disorders. However, there is limited evidence of an association between glutamate‐related metabolites and, moreover, changes in these metabolites, and risk of cardiovascular disease (
CVD
).

Methods and Results

Plasma levels of glutamate and glutamine were measured at baseline and 1‐year follow‐up in a case‐cohort study including 980 participants (mean age 68 years; 46% male) from the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) randomized trial, which assessed a Mediterranean diet intervention in the primary prevention of
CVD
. During median 4.8 years of follow‐up, there were 229 incident
CVD
events (nonfatal stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or
CVD
death). In fully adjusted models, per 1‐
SD
, baseline glutamate was associated with 43% (95%
CI
: 16% to 76%) and 81% (39% to 137%) increased risk of composite
CVD
and stroke alone, respectively, and baseline glutamine‐to‐glutamate ratio with 25% (6% to 40%) and 44% (25% to 58%) decreased risk of composite
CVD
and stroke alone, respectively. Associations appeared linear for stroke (both
P
linear trend
≤0.005). Among participants with high baseline glutamate, the interventions lowered
CVD
risk by 37% compared to the control diet; the intervention effects were not significant when baseline glutamate was low (
P
interaction
=0.02). No significant effect of the intervention on year‐1 changes in metabolites was observed, and no effect of changes themselves on
CVD
risk was apparent.

Conclusions

Baseline glutamate was associated with increased
CVD
risk, particularly stroke, and glutamine‐to‐glutamate ratio was associated with decreased risk. Participants with high glutamate levels may obtain greater benefits from the Mediterranean diet than those with low levels.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
www.controlled-trials.com
. Unique identifier:
ISRCTN
35739639.
Saudi Women and Islamic Discourse, Selected Examples of Saudi Feminisms
Authors: Al Fassi Hatoon Ajwad
Published: September 2016

Saudi women entered the realm of writing and language only half a century ago through the genres of both creative and journalistic prose. In this paper, I shall take the example of four Saudi female writers who represent a wide range of intellectual pluralism that runs from conservative to liberal to radical conceptions of state and society, represented in this order by, Nura al-Saad, Suhaila Zain al-Abedin Hammad, Fowziyah Abu Khalid and Wajeha al-Huwaider. This paper will try to answer how and why do gender identities change and in response to what, taking into account that the lives of these women and their literary work represent the continuous search and discovery for, and the reinventing of, themselves. It is important to mark these experiences as part of the complexity of Saudi Arabian intellectual discourse, similar to any society in this respect.
Molecular phylogeny of lauxaniid flies (Diptera, Cyclorrhapha) confirms non-monophyly of Sapromyza Fallén 1810
Authors: Semelbauer Marek
Published: September 2016

Lauxaniids are a species rich group of acalyptrate flies, with most species known from the tropics. Several genera are in suspicion of non-monophyly, but no phylogenetic analysis has been carried out. Three markers (28S rRNA, 16S rRNA and EF 1-α) were employed to analyze relationships of 66 European lauxaniids, including 9 sequences from GenBank. The data was analysed using the Bayesian and maximum parsimony approach. GenusSapromyzaappears in three distinct clades, confirming the expected non-monophyly. New combinations are proposed for the following species:Homoneura muscaria, comb. n.,Paralauxania albicepscomb. n.,Nannomyza basaliscomb. n.,Nannomyza takagiicomb. n. Along with the analysis,Sapromyza slovacasp. n. is described. The type material has been deposited in the Institute of zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences.
Rare and peculiar hornworts: Notothylas orbicularis and N. javanica (Notothyladaceae), new genus and species records for Australia
Authors: CARGILL D. CHRISTINE
Published: September 2016

The hornwort genus Notothylas is newly recorded for Australia. Detailed descriptions, illustrations and a key to the two known species, N. orbicularis and N. javanica are provided. A peculiar phenomenon involving presentation of the sporophyte on the ventral (rather than the dorsal) surface of the gametophyte, known only in Australian populations of Notothylas, is reported and discussed.
Viola barhalensis (Violaceae), a new species from northeastern Turkey
Authors: KNOCHE GERD , MARCUSSEN THOMAS
Published: September 2016

A new species, Viola barhalensis Knoche & Marcussen, from northeastern Turkey, is described and illustrated for the first time. It is found at elevations of 1050–1800 m, growing in shady crevices of igneous cliffs within the valley of the Barhal (or Altıparmak) river. It belongs to Viola subsection Viola, and is similar to Viola sandrasea and some other closely related Turkish endemics. Diagnostic morphologic features to enable detailed differention are discussed.
Impatiens occultans (Balsaminaceae), a newly recorded species from Xizang, China, and its phylogenetic position
Authors: GUO HUI , WEI LAI , HAO JIA-CHEN , DU YU-FEN , ZHANG LIN-JING , YU SHENG-XIANG
Published: September 2016

Impatiens occultans Hook. f. (Balsaminaceae) is newly recorded for China, from Gyirong County, Xizang Province. A morphological description and notes on its distribution and ecology are provided. A phylogenetic analysis yields a placement of the species that it is sister to I. tuberculata (sect. Racemosae) with which it agrees in having a navicular lower sepal without a spur and 4-colpate pollen grains, but differs in elliptic leaves, 1-flowered racemes, 4 lateral sepals and glabrous capsules.
Coccoloba tunii (Polygonaceae), a new species from Chiapas (Mexico)
Authors: ORTIZ-DÍAZ JUAN JAVIER , ARNELAS ITZIAR , PINZÓN JUAN P.
Published: September 2016

Coccoloba tunii is here described as a new species from Mexico. Morphological characters of the leaf, inflorescence, and fruit show discontinuities among populations of C. tunii and its relative, C. liebmannii. In addition, both species exhibit different geographical patterns, C. tunii is exclusive of the Central Depression and Plateau of Chiapas (Mexico) at mid elevations, while C. liebmannii ranges from Oaxaca to Colima on lowlands along the Pacific watershed.
Additional new species of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae) from Northeastern Mexico
Authors: BARRIENTOS-LOZANO LUDIVINA , ROCHA-SÁNCHEZ AURORA Y. , ZALDÍVAR-RIVERÓN ALEJANDRO , CORREA-SANDOVAL ALFONSO
Published: September 2016

The present contribution describes five new species of Phaneropterinae from Northeastern Mexico: Obolopteryx eurycerca n. sp., Barrientos-Lozano & Rocha-Sánchez, O. nigra n. sp., Barrientos-Lozano & Rocha-Sánchez, O. tamaholipana n. sp., Barrientos-Lozano & Rocha-Sánchez, O. huastecana n. sp., Barrientos-Lozano & Rocha-Sánchez, and O. tanchipae n. sp., Barrientos-Lozano & Rocha-Sánchez. Diagnostic characters are illustrated and information on distribution and ecology provided. Polymorphism and geographic variation of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 are discussed.
Megatibicen n. gen., a new North American cicada genus (Hemiptera: Cicadidae: Cicadinae: Cryptotympanini)
Authors: SANBORN ALLEN F. , HEATH MAXINE S.
Published: September 2016

The genus Tibicen has had a confusing history (see summary in Boulard and Puissant 2014; Marshall and Hill 2014; Sanborn 2014). Boulard and his colleague (Boulard 1984; 1988; 1997; 2001; 2003; Boulard and Puissant 2013; 2014; 2015) have argued for the suppression of Tibicen and the taxa derivatived from it in favor of Lyristes Horváth. Boulard’s argument for suppression was first described in Melville and Sims (1984) who presented the case for suppression to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature with further comments made by Hamilton (1985), Boulard (1985), and Lauterer (1985). A lack of action resulted in additional comments being published in 2014 again supporting the retention (Sanborn 2014; Marshall and Hill 2014) or the suppression (Boulard and Puissant 2014) of Tibicen.
Occurrence of Epistylis anastatica (Linnaeus, 1767) (Ciliophora: Peritrichia) on Mesocyclops isabellae Dussart & Fernando (Crustacea: Copepoda: Cyclopoida) in India, with an annotated checklist of species of Epistylis reported as Epibionts of Cyclopoid Copepods and resources for their identification
Authors: CLAMP JOHN C. , CHATTERJEE TAPAS , FERNANDEZ-LEBORANS GREGORIO
Published: September 2016

The colonial peritrich ciliate Epistylis anastatica (Linnaeus, 1767) was discovered living as an epibiont on Mesocyclops isabellae Dussart & Fernando, 1988 collected from a pond in Andhra Pradesh state, India. This is the first report of Epistylis on this host, and a description of its morphological characteristics is provided. The biomass of colonies of E. anastatica relative to that of their hosts was relatively high, being greater than that of the host in some cases (8.11 mm3 vs. 1.14 mm3 or less), and this epibiotic burden has the potential to have an impact on the host’s activities. Relationships between epibiotic peritrichs and microcrustaceans like cyclopoid copepods may be much more complex than previously supposed and merit more thorough investigation. Species of Epistylis are commonly found on cyclopoid copepods, but resources for taxonomic identification are limited and scattered; therefore, an annotated checklist of all species reported from cyclopoid copepods and a summary of the diagnostic characteristics of each one is provided as an aid to investigators. Some records of Epistylis spp. from cyclopoid copepods that are accompanied by documentary evidence are misidentifications, raising the suspicion that many other undocumented records also may be erroneous; therefore, it is suggested that authors provide supplementary descriptions and figures.
Ensemble Averaging and Mean Squared Error
Authors: Rougier Jonathan
Published: September 2016

In fields such as climate science, it is common to compile an ensemble of different simulators for the same underlying process. It is a striking observation that the ensemble mean often outperforms at least half of the ensemble members in mean squared error (measured with respect to observations). In fact, as demonstrated in the most recent IPCC report, the ensemble mean often outperforms all or almost all of the ensemble members across a range of climate variables. This paper shows that these could be mathematical results based on convexity and averaging but with implications for the properties of the current generation of climate simulators.
Climate Change in Coastal Waters: Time Series Properties Affecting Trend Estimation
Authors: Schlegel Robert W. , Smit Albertus J.
Published: September 2016

In South Africa, 129 in situ temperature time series of up to 43 years are used for investigations of the thermal characteristics of coastal seawater. They are collected with handheld thermometers or underwater temperature recorders (UTRs) and are recorded at precisions from 0.5° to 0.001°C. Using the natural range of seasonal signals and variability for 84 of these time series, their length, decadal trend, and data precision were systematically varied before fitting generalized least squares (GLS) models to study the effect these variables have on trend detection. The variables that contributed most to accurate trend detection, in decreasing order, were time series length, decadal trend, variance, percentage of missing data (% NA), and measurement precision. Time series greater than 30 years in length are preferred and although larger decadal trends are modeled more accurately, modeled significance (p value) is largely affected by the variance present. The risk of committing both type-1 and type-2 errors increases when ≥5% NA is present. There is no appreciable effect on model accuracy between measurement precision of 0.1°–0.001°C. Measurement precisions of 0.5°C require longer time series to give equally accurate model results. The implication is that the thermometer time series in this dataset, and others around the world, must be at least two years longer than their UTR counterparts to be useful for decadal-scale climate change studies. Furthermore, adding older lower-precision UTR data to newer higher-precision UTR data within the same time series will increase their usefulness for this purpose.
Understanding the Varied Influence of Midlatitude Jet Position on Clouds and Cloud Radiative Effects in Observations and Global Climate Models
Authors: Grise Kevin M. , Medeiros Brian
Published: September 2016

This study examines the dynamical mechanisms responsible for changes in midlatitude clouds and cloud radiative effects (CRE) that occur in conjunction with meridional shifts in the jet streams over the North Atlantic, North Pacific, and Southern Oceans. When the midlatitude jet shifts poleward, extratropical cyclones and their associated upward vertical velocity anomalies closely follow. As a result, a poleward jet shift contributes to a poleward shift in high-topped storm-track clouds and their associated longwave CRE. However, when the jet shifts poleward, downward vertical velocity anomalies increase equatorward of the jet, contributing to an enhancement of the boundary layer estimated inversion strength (EIS) and an increase in low cloud amount there. Because shortwave CRE depends on the reflection of solar radiation by clouds in all layers, the shortwave cooling effects of midlatitude clouds increase with both upward vertical velocity anomalies and positive EIS anomalies. Over midlatitude oceans where a poleward jet shift contributes to positive EIS anomalies but downward vertical velocity anomalies, the two effects cancel, and net observed changes in shortwave CRE are small.

Global climate models generally capture the observed anomalies associated with midlatitude jet shifts. However, there is large intermodel spread in the shortwave CRE anomalies, with a subset of models showing a large shortwave cloud radiative warming over midlatitude oceans with a poleward jet shift. In these models, midlatitude shortwave CRE is sensitive to vertical velocity perturbations, but the observed sensitivity to EIS perturbations is underestimated. Consequently, these models might incorrectly estimate future midlatitude cloud feedbacks in regions where appreciable changes in both vertical velocity and EIS are projected.
Performance Evaluation of an Integrated Open-Path Eddy Covariance System in a Cold Desert Environment
Authors: Wang Wei , Xu Jiaping , Gao Yunqiu , Bogoev Ivan , Cui Jian , Deng Lichen , Hu Cheng , Liu Cheng , Liu Shoudong , Shen Jing , Sun Xiaomin , Xiao Wei , Yuan Guofu , Lee Xuhui
Published: September 2016

Performance evaluation of an integrated eddy covariance (EC) instrument called the IRGASON, with a separated EC for reference, was conducted in a desert riparian Populus euphratica stand in the lower Tarim River basin in northwestern China. The separated EC consisted of an open-path gas analyzer and a sonic anemometer separated by 20 cm. The IRGASON integrates an open-path gas analyzer and a sonic anemometer into the same sensing volume, thus eliminating sensor separation in comparison to the traditional open-path EC setup. Integrating the infrared gas analyzer’s sensing head into the sensing volume of the sonic anemometer had negligible effects on wind speed and friction velocity observations of the IRGASON. Physiologically unreasonable daytime CO2 uptake was observed by both systems during the cold winter season (mean air temperature of −6.7°C), when the trees were dormant without any photosynthetic activities. The mean midday CO2 flux was −1.65 and −1.61 μmol m−2 s−1 for the IRGASON and the separated EC setup, respectively. No evidence was found for sensor self-heating as the cause of the apparent uptake CO2 flux. Instead, the uptake CO2 flux appeared to be an artifact of the spectroscopic effect of the IRGASON’s gas analyzer. After adjusting for this spectroscopic effect using a relationship with the sensible heat flux, the wintertime IRGASON CO2 flux became physiologically reasonable (mean value of −0.04 μmol m−2 s−1).
Signal Stations: Newly Digitized Historical Climate Data of the German Bight and the Southern Baltic Sea Coast
Authors: Wagner Dörte , Tinz Birger , von Storch Hans
Published: September 2016

At the German Meteorological Service in Hamburg, handwritten journals of meteorological observation data of 164 signal stations exist that were digitized. These data contain long-term time series of up to 125 years for the period 1877–1999 and allow for studies of regional meteorological conditions with greatly improved spatial resolution. Wind and air pressure data of selected signal stations along the German Bight and the southern Baltic Sea coast show a spatial data homogeneity that allows for an improved description of two historical storms, in 1906 and 1913. This is the first presentation of signal station data.
Optical Screening of Female Breast Cancer from Whole Blood Using Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Bilal Maria , Bilal Muhammad , Tabassum Sobia , Saleem Muhammad , Mahmood Humera , Sarwar Usama , Bangush Hina , Munir Faiza , Aslam Zia Muhammad , Ahmed Mushtaq , Shahzada Shaista , Ullah Khan Ehsan
Published: September 2016

This study is intended to develop a screening method for female breast cancer (BRC) from whole blood using Raman spectroscopy. A multivariate partial least squares (PLS) regression model is developed which is based upon Raman spectra of BRC-positive and healthy participants. It yields coefficients of regression at the corresponding Raman shifts. These coefficients represent the changes in molecular structures which are associated with the progress of disease. The present study pointed out some specific molecules which differentiated BRC-positive and healthy groups. In the BRC-positive group, a rising trend of calcium oxalate, calcium hydroxyapatite, phosphatidylserine and qunoid ring, and a lowering trend of tryptophan, tyrosine, and proline were observed in PLS-based coefficients of regression. The R-square value of the model was found to be 0.987, which is accepted clinically. The model was tested for the prediction of 50 randomly collected samples at a cutoff value of 0.5 with the gray region defined in the range of 0.4–0.6. Goodness of fit was estimated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under ROC curve. All of these parameters were found to be very promising.
New Testament Theology as Implicit Theological Interpretation of Christian Scripture
Authors: Morgan Robert
Published: September 2016

As a practice that connects historical-critical scholarship with contemporary Christianity, New Testament theology remains vital for any church wanting to be guided by Scripture. New Testament theology’s place among the more diverse approaches of biblical studies today can be clarified by comparing and contrasting it with the explicit theological interpretation of dogmatics and spirituality and the more contested biblical theology of seventy years ago.
Biblical Theology Revisited: An Internal Debate
Authors: Black C. Clifton
Published: September 2016

For scholars responsible to the church’s faith and practice, biblical theology remains indispensable. The discipline’s confused history leads one to ponder its reconfiguration as scriptural theology, whose attitude and aspects are herein probed and exegetically tested.
Biblical Spirituality
Authors: Schneiders Sandra M.
Published: September 2016

This article proposes to distinguish biblical spirituality, substantively and methodologically, from biblical theology in order to ground a positive and mutually illuminating relationship between the two in both academic discussion and pastoral practice.
Biblical Theology and Preaching: A Survey of Resources
Authors: Boring M. Eugene
Published: September 2016

Preachers will benefit from lifelong study that seeks to read the texts of Scripture in light of the larger theological witness of the Bible. This essay introduces a number of significant resources for preachers written by biblical theologians who are concerned to undergird the ministry and proclamation of the church.
An anisotropic elasto-plastic material model for injection-molded long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics accounting for local fiber orientation distributions
Authors: Schulenberg L , Seelig T , Andrieux F , Sun D-Z
Published: September 2016

This paper presents an anisotropic elasto-plastic material model for injection-molded long fiber-reinforced thermoplastics. It considers local heterogeneities which are attributed to process-induced variations of fiber orientation distributions and fiber volume fractions. These inhomogeneities have an effect on the mechanical properties and need to be considered in structural computations. In the material model, this is realized through a two-step homogenization procedure. First, an anisotropic stiffness tensor is approximated using mean field homogenization. Second, the plastic behavior is described using Hill’s transversely isotropic yield criterion averaged over the three principal directions of the fiber orientation. The advantage in combining these two approaches is a micro-mechanically based, yet fast numerical calculation of the composite material behavior within an explicit finite element code. The anisotropic material model is calibrated by simulating tensile tests on specimens taken in different directions from an injection-molded plate of fiber reinforced thermoplastic. The spatial variation of fiber orientation distribution and fiber volume fraction throughout the plate is determined from numerical mold filling simulations and is compared with computer tomography scans at different positions. A validation of the model is performed through simulating position-dependent tensile tests on smooth and notched specimens as well as a punch test which is well reproduced.
Failure simulations of open-hole IM7/977-3 coupons subjected to fatigue loading using Autodesk Helius PFA
Authors: Dalgarno Richard W , Action Jason E , Robbins Donald H , Engelstad Stephen P
Published: September 2016

Finite element simulations of three laminates in open-hole configuration subjected to constant amplitude tension–tension fatigue loading are investigated as part of the Damage Tolerant Design Principles program organized by the Air Force Research Laboratory. All coupons were made from unidirectional IM7/977-3 plies, which are composed of intermediate modulus carbon fibers and a toughened epoxy matrix. Government furnished experimental data from an assortment of fatigue loaded unnotched coupons were used to characterize the behavior of the composite material in the simulations. The commercial software Autodesk Helius PFA was used to model the non-linear response of the material. Blind simulations of coupon stiffness and damage at several cycle numbers and residual coupon tensile and compressive strengths are benchmarked against experimental measurements and X-rays. Upon review of the experimental results, a second round of simulations was performed where the modeling strategy was updated to improve correlation to experiment.
Cigarette Smoking and Sociodemographic, Military, and Health Characteristics of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom Veterans
Authors: Cypel Yasmin S. , Hamlett-Berry Kim , Barth Shannon K. , Christofferson Dana E. , Davey Victoria J. , Eber Stephanie , Schneiderman Aaron I. , Bossarte Robert M.
Published: September 2016

Objective:

We examined the sociodemographic, military, and health characteristics of current cigarette smokers, former smokers, and nonsmokers among Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) / Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) veterans and estimated smoking prevalence to better understand cigarette use in this population.

Methods:

We analyzed data from the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) 2009-2011 National Health Study for a New Generation of US Veterans. On the basis of a stratified random sample of 60 000 OEF/OIF veterans, we sought responses to a 72-item questionnaire via mail, telephone, or Internet. Cigarette smoking status was based on self-reported cigarette use in the past year. We used multinomial logistic regression to evaluate associations between smoking status and sociodemographic, military, and health characteristics.

Results:

Among 19 911 veterans who provided information on cigarette smoking, 5581 were current smokers (weighted percentage: 32.5%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 31.7-33.2). Current smokers were more likely than nonsmokers or former smokers to be younger, to have less education or income, to be separated/divorced or never married/single, and to have served on active duty or in the army. Comparing current smokers and nonsmokers, some significant associations from adjusted analyses included the following: having a Mental Component Summary score (a measure of overall mental health) above the mean of the US population relative to below the mean (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.73-0.90); having physician-diagnosed depression (aOR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.33-1.74), respiratory conditions (aOR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04-1.30), or repeated seizures/blackouts/convulsions (aOR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.22-2.67); heavy alcohol use vs never use (aOR = 5.49, 95% CI: 4.57-6.59); a poor vs excellent perception of overall health (aOR = 3.79, 95% CI: 2.60-5.52); and being deployed vs nondeployed (aOR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.78-0.96). Using health care services from the VA protected against current smoking.

Conclusion:

Mental and physical health, substance use, and military service characteristics shape cigarette-smoking patterns in OEF/OIF veterans.
Sustainable church: Practices that make for a lifetime of service
Authors: Creech R. Robert
Published: September 2016

Since the 1970s, the sustainable agriculture movement has challenged conventional agricultural practices dominating U.S. food production after World War II. These modern practices have demonstrated themselves to be unsustainable. Land and soil are destroyed, farmers abandon their farms, and the life of rural communities is eroded. Wendell Berry and other new agrarian voices call for an ecologically sound food system that takes into account the quality of life of the farmer, the land, and the community. Similarly, conventional ministry practices have taken their toll on both congregations and clergy as the heavy programmatic nature of church life has taken hold during that same period. Pastors and congregations interested in more sustainable ways of ministry might learn from the agricultural metaphor. What are those practices churches and ministers are finding to be good for the clergy, good for the congregation, and good for the communities in which they serve? What might sustainable church life look like? This article investigates the particular needs that must be addressed for clergy to serve in an effective and healthy manner over the course of a lifetime in ministry while sustaining healthy congregational life in the midst of the community served by the church.
The problem of quality of life in ministry
Authors: Prevost Emily Row
Published: September 2016

Studies reveal that ministers are at risk of developing high levels of stress, burnout, and depression, which are all related to low quality of life. However, studies also reveal that ministers have some of the highest levels of job satisfaction of any career group. As quality of life has implications for a number of aspects of ministry including generosity, serving, and collaboration, a better understanding of the factors impacting clergy quality of life could assist ministers, churches, and denominational entities in creating better training and support opportunities. A sample of 169 pastors of Texas Baptist Churches completed the Quality of Life Instrument (QOLI®) along with a brief questionnaire exploring features of their churches to explore any relationship between church variables and quality of life for pastors. The majority of pastors indicated an average overall quality of life score, though 14 percent indicated a low or very low quality of life rating. A significant relationship was found between serving at a church with multiple full-time church staff ministers and overall quality of life for the pastor as well as higher quality of life in the sub-scales of creativity, home, neighborhood, and community. A large social support network for the pastor also showed a significant positive relationship with overall quality of life for the pastor. No significant relationship was found between church size, bivocational service, or geographic location of the church and overall quality of life rating for the pastor.
What does a healthy church look like?
Authors: Wilson Bill
Published: September 2016

Something significant is changing in local church life. We are entering a time of winnowing for congregations, in which a congregation’s core health will mean the difference between survival and death, and also whether it simply survives or thrives in the future. Definitions of “healthy churches” tend to be too general or too small and prescriptive, driving toward some particular theology, tradition, or structure. A more helpful working definition or description is required. This article identifies four general predictors of church health that cut across theological, societal, and denominational boundaries. These markers are simple and attainable for churches that desire to pursue a healthier congregational life. The four characteristics are: (i) clarity of mission and vision, (ii) transformational conflict, (iii) authentic community, and (iv) transparent communication. When a church agrees to make these their highest priorities, the resulting congregational culture begins to exhibit signs of stability, renewal, and hope. Upon the foundation of such practices, the possibilities of future innovation, creativity, life transformation, and community engagement begin to emerge.
Running the distance: A call to perseverance
Authors: Cook Ronald L.
Published: September 2016

Jeremiah 1:17–19 brings to a conclusion the call narrative of the prophet Jeremiah and contains the residual memory of the words of Yahweh by which the prophet lived across a lifetime of ministry. An analysis of the text reveals a charge/threat and assurance/encouragement framework that helped to embolden and sustain Jeremiah as he lived under a withering calling to speak all of the words of Yahweh against powerful people on all sides. It also probes for elements that empowered Jeremiah to emerge and re-emerge through his personal struggles to go the distance and fulfill his charge. These words also yield insight into how a prophet who lived through much abuse and loneliness could endure and grow more resilient. Jeremiah is presented as a model for those who would live out a calling amid challenges and conflict. The article addresses the strengthening process that enables some to go the distance in ministry at a time when so many are bailing out.
The aging effect of CaCl2 and NaCl on wool fabrics with hydrothermal treatment
Authors: Lin Zhen , Yu Ning , Zhou Yang , Zheng Hailing , Wan Junmin , Wang Bing , Peng Zhiqin , Hu Zhiwen
Published: September 2016

To conduct research into the long-term preservation of fragile wool textile relics unearthed at archeological sites, it is essential to simulate the aging process and evaluate the factors affecting the degradation of wool fabrics. An accelerated aging method is therefore proposed to simulate the degradation process using either CaCl2 or NaCl in conjunction with hydrothermal treatment. The accelerated aging of wool fabrics was investigated by color measurement, scanning electron microscopy, cross-sectional observation, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and amino acid analysis. Wool fabrics subjected to NaCl-hydrothermal or CaCl2-hydrothermal treatment exhibit an apparent yellowing with increasing treatment time. Fluctuations of cysteic acid and cystine dioxide content are shown to be the most prominent, and a distinct conversion of α-helices into β-sheets is observed with increasing treatment time. These results indicate that the effect of Ca2+ was greater than Na+ in promoting the degradation of disulfide groups in the hydrothermal degradation process.
“A New Poblador Is Being Born”: Housing Struggles in a Gentrified Area of Santiago
Authors: Pérez Miguel
Published: September 2016

Since the early 1990s, Chilean democratic governments after Augusto Pinochet’s dictatorship have made an effort to allocate publicly subsidized housing to the lower classes. Nevertheless, the dominance of market principles in urban policies has contributed to the formation of highly segregated neighborhoods and the gentrification of peripheral neighborhoods. As a result, Chilean public opinion is witnessing the rearticulation of what in the mid-twentieth century was known as the pobladores movement—social mobilizations demanding housing solutions for the poor. In the old working-class municipality of Peñalolén, severe gentrification since the late 1980s has triggered the appearance of autonomous grassroots organizations such as the Movimiento de Pobladores en Lucha (MPL). The movement has been able to fight social and spatial injustice in Santiago through a subversive appropriation of state policies. Its experience reveals the potentialities of such mobilizations for democratizing cities under a neoliberal regime.

Desde principios de los noventa, los gobiernos democráticos chilenos que siguieron a la dictadura de Augusto Pinochet han intentado proveer vivienda social subsidiada a las clases populares. Sin embargo, el predominio de principios de libre mercado en las políticas urbanas ha contribuido a la formación de barrios altamente segregados y a la gentrificación (o “aburguesamiento”) de los vecindarios periféricos. Por consiguiente, la opinión pública chilena está presenciando la rearticulación de lo que a mediados del siglo 20 se conoció como el movimiento de pobladores —movilizaciones sociales que demandaban soluciones habitacionales para los pobres. En el otrora municipio popular de Peñalolén, la importante gentrificación que se ha venido desarrollando desde finales de los 80 ha redundado en la aparición de organizaciones de base autónomas como el Movimiento de Pobladores en Lucha (MPL). Este movimiento ha sido capaz de combatir la injusticia social y espacial en Santiago mediante una apropiación subversiva de políticas estatales, experiencia que revela el potencial de dichas movilizaciones para la democratización de las ciudades bajo un régimen neoliberal.
Grasping for Traits or Reasons? How People Grapple With Puzzling Social Behaviors
Authors: Korman Joanna , Malle Bertram F.
Published: September 2016

Within social psychology, it is well accepted that trait inference is the dominant tool for understanding others’ behavior. Outside of social psychology, a different consensus has emerged, namely, that people predominantly explain behavior in terms of mental states. Both positions are based on limited evidence. The trait literature focuses on trait ascriptions to persons, not explanations of behavior. The mental state literature focuses on explanations of ordinary behaviors (for which social scripts provide mental states), not of expectancy-violating behaviors. We examined the critical test case for the two opposing positions: explanations of expectancy-violating behaviors. Participants provided open-ended explanations of puzzling actions, which were content-analyzed for use of mental states, traits, and other causal background factors. Across four studies, three stimulus sets, and two subpopulations, people overwhelmingly offered mental states when explaining puzzling actions (compared with ordinary actions), while they struggled to generate traits and other background factors.
Epidermal growth factor prevents oligomeric amyloid-β induced angiogenesis deficits in vitro
Authors: Koster Kevin P , Thomas Riya , Morris Alan WJ , Tai Leon M
Published: September 2016

Cerebrovascular dysfunction is a critical component of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Oligomeric amyloid-β42 (oAβ42) is considered a major contributor to AD progression. However, data are limited on the role of oAβ42 in brain endothelial cell vessel degeneration/angiogenesis, including the interaction with angiogenic mediators. Thus, the current study determined the effect of oAβ42 on angiogenesis in vitro, utilizing single brain endothelial cell cultures and triple cultures mimicking the microvascular unit (MVU: brain endothelial cells, astrocytes, and pericytes). oAβ42 dose-dependently reduced angiogenesis and induced vessel disruption. Critically, epidermal growth factor prevented oAβ42-induced deficits, implicating angiogenic pathways as potential therapeutics for AD.
Collateral Consequences and Effectiveness of Sex Offender Registration and Notification: Law Enforcement Perspectives
Authors: Cubellis Michelle A. , Walfield Scott M. , Harris Andrew J.
Published: September 2016

A growing body of research has examined the collateral effects of sex offender registration and notification (SORN), particularly those related to offenders’ social and economic reintegration into society. Although studies have examined public, offender, treatment provider, and other criminal justice perspectives on SORN’s collateral impacts, few have elicited the views of law enforcement (LE) professionals who have contact with registered offenders. This study presents results from a mixed method study examining LE perspectives on collateral consequences and effectiveness of SORN. Results indicate that, although overall LE concern regarding collateral impacts is limited, those who are most engaged in SORN-related duties are significantly more likely to indicate such concern, and also more likely to believe that SORN was an effective public safety tool. Importantly, respondents in states with larger registries expressed greater concern over collateral consequences, and less belief in SORN’s public safety efficacy. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.