bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring subjective aspects of participation in adults with disabilities: A systematic review of the coverage, content validity and internal structure of standardised instruments
Authors: Antunes Ana Amélia Moraes , de Sousa Junior Ricardo Rodrigues , Vaz Daniela Virgínia
Published: September 2022

Objective

To systematically review evidence on the coverage, content validity and internal structure of self-report measures capturing subjective aspects of participation for adults with disabilities.

Data sources

EMBASE, MEDLINE and reference lists were searched until July 10th, 2022 for articles on measurement properties of instruments measuring participation as defined in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, from a subjective perspective.

Method

Each instrument was assessed for its coverage of subjective aspects of participation. The Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments were used to assess the quality of each study. Content validity and internal structure (structural validity, internal consistency and cross-cultural validity) were rated against published standards and qualified by the adapted Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation.

Results

Thirty-eight studies regarding 10 instruments were analysed. Most instruments mix activity and participation items. Only the Measure of Experiential Aspects of Participation (with high-quality evidence of sufficient structural validity and generally sufficient internal consistency), the Participation Enfranchisement and the Community Integration Measure showed adequate coverage. For all instruments, evidence of content validity is of low- to very low quality. There is high-quality evidence that the Participation Scale is not unidimensional.

Conclusion

In general, the coverage and the evidence for content validity and internal structure of measures capturing experiential aspects of participation are limited. The Measure of Experiential Aspects of Participation has the best level of evidence in support of its use. The score of the Participation Scale cannot be considered an adequate reflection of participation.
A feasibility study of a decision aid to support family carers of people with severe dementia or those towards the end-of-life
Authors: Davies Nathan , Aker Narin , Vickerstaff Victoria , Sampson Elizabeth L , Rait Greta
Published: September 2022

Background:

Advance care planning in dementia does not always happen. As dementia progresses, decisions are often left for family carers to make with professionals.

Aim:

To test the feasibility and acceptability of the delivery and use of a decision aid for family carers of people with severe dementia or towards the end-of-life.

Design:

Feasibility study using a before-after design of a paper-based decision aid with family carers of people with severe dementia or towards the end-of-life. Criteria for whether to progress to full evaluation included achieving: 70% recruitment rate of target of 30 people, and retention of 70% at 6 months. Outcome measures at baseline, 3 and 6 months, included: the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), EQ5D-5L and Satisfaction with Care at the End of Life (SWC-EOLD).

Participants:

Twenty-eight family carers were recruited (93% of target), 26 completed baseline assessment and 20 (71%) of those were followed-up at 6 months.

Results:

Almost all outcomes changed indicating improvement over 6 months. The DCS and K10 scores decreased indicating less decisional conflict and less psychological distress. The decision aid was acceptable, 25% found it very helpful and 55% a little helpful at 6 months.

Conclusion:

We met the success criteria demonstrating this study was feasible and acceptable to carers. Future research should test the effectiveness of the decision aid in a full scale evaluation.
Prognostic nomograms for lung neuroendocrine carcinomas based on lymph node ratio: a SEER database analysis
Authors: Xiong Lan , Jiang Youfan , Hu Tianyang
Published: September 2022

Objective

The current study aimed to explore the prognostic value of the lymph node ratio (LNR) in patients with lung neuroendocrine carcinomas (LNECs).

Methods

Data for 1564 elderly patients with LNECs between 1998 and 2016 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. The cases were assigned randomly to training (n = 1086) and internal validation (n = 478) sets. The association between LNR and survival was investigated by Cox regression.

Results

Multivariate analyses identified age, tumor grade, summary stage, M stage, surgery, and LNR as independent prognostic factors for both overall survival (OS) and lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS). Tumor size was also a prognostic determinant for LCSS. Prognostic nomograms combining LNR with other informative variables showed good discrimination and calibration abilities in both the training and validation sets. In addition, the C-index of the nomograms was statistically superior to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system in both the training and validation cohorts.

Conclusions

These nomograms, based on LNR, showed superior prognostic predictive accuracy compared with the AJCC staging system for predicting OS and LCSS in patients with LNECs.
The Roles of Epistemic Curiosity and Situational Interest in Students’ Attitudinal Learning in Immersive Virtual Reality Environments
Authors: Cheng Kun-Hung , Lee Silvia Wen-Yu , Hsu Ying-Tai
Published: September 2022

Research has addressed the benefits of immersive virtual reality (IVR) for affective learning rather than cognitive performance, indicating the necessity to explore what factors may influence learners’ attitudinal learning, defined as the result of instruction for changing learners’ attitudes, when engaging in immersive instructional mediums. This study proposes an affection-oriented model to understand the roles of young learners’ epistemic curiosity traits and triggered situational interest in their attitudinal learning from the affective, cognitive, and behavioral dimensions in IVR learning contexts. Through a series of PLS-SEM analyses with 90 elementary school students, the results of the measurement model test have verified the reliability and validity of the instruments employed in this study. The structural relationships among epistemic curiosity, situational interest, and attitudinal learning were also confirmed. The triggered situational interests of novelty and exploration intention during the IVR learning process were further identified as the mediators in the research model. While the students’ senses of novelty mediated the relationship between curiosity and cognitive attitudinal learning, their senses of interest in exploration intention mediated both the relationships between curiosity and affective attitudinal learning and between curiosity and behavioral attitudinal learning. This study contributed to establishing the theoretical framework for affection-oriented IVR learning.
Place-Based Small Business Support and its Implications for Neighborhood Revitalization
Authors: Shybalkina Iuliia
Published: September 2022

Policy makers utilize various place-based interventions to reduce spatial inequality. In particular, there has been increasing attention to supporting small businesses in distressed places, but the lack of evidence makes it difficult to justify these public investments. The author investigates the Neighborhood Opportunity Fund (NOF), which has been providing grants for physical improvements to businesses in a low-income part of Chicago since 2017. Event studies are used to quantify the program's impacts on new business licenses, jobs, building permits, the commercial real estate market, and crime. The NOF increased construction and remodeling activity and decreased narcotics crimes around establishments receiving grants. Under some circumstances, it led to new business formation and increased demand for real estate. However, no evidence was found of a relationship between the NOF and jobs or total crimes in the larger area. This study is the first step to understanding how place-based small-business support programs affect neighborhoods.
Cefepime-Associated Neurotoxicity in a Pediatric Patient With Stage V Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Hambrick Horace Rhodes , Pavia Kathryn , Tang Girdwood Sonya , Lazear Danielle , Taylor John Michael , Benoit Stefanie
Published: September 2022

Background: Studies in adult patients suggest cefepime can cause neurotoxicity, including disorientation, seizures, and coma, particularly when present at high concentrations. Patients with underlying kidney dysfunction or central nervous system anomalies are at particularly high risk. There is a relative paucity of pediatric literature on the neurotoxic effects of cefepime. Case Report: Herein is reported the case of a 2-year-old patient with chronic kidney disease receiving cefepime for Serratia marcescens bacteremia who experienced agitation, tremor, and inconsolability in the setting of an elevated cefepime trough that improved with cefepime discontinuation alone. Conclusions: Pediatric patients with acute and chronic kidney disease are at risk of cefepime-related neurologic changes. Therapeutic drug monitoring for cefepime in patients with kidney dysfunction or baseline neurologic abnormalities may help inform appropriate antimicrobial dosing and avoidance of toxicity.
Analysis of the evolution of the Lankford coefficient in uniaxial tensile tests and validation with grain structure analysis
Authors: Lenzen Matthias , Merklein Marion
Published: September 2022

Modern materials mostly exhibit a low formability or a complex material behavior. For example, the common mild steel DC06 exhibits a strain state dependency in the yield stress and a strain dependency of the Lankford coefficients. Thus it is necessary to characterize the material properties from the onset of plastic deformation up to fracture. For example in the uniaxial tensile test, the flow stress and the r-values can be determined. According to the standards, the characterization is only applicable up to uniform elongation. In the case of DC06, the uniform elongation is with 24% comparatively low in contrast to the ultimate elongation with 60%. Research has proven, that the true stress can be characterized up to high strain in the uniaxial tensile test. For the strain dependent Lankford coefficient, this validation is missing. The aim in this investigation is the analysis of the strain dependent anisotropy up to high strain levels in uniaxial tensile tests and the validation. This is done with a comparison of optically measured r-values with the grain structure evolution of the pre stretched parts. These results prove the applicability of the standardized evaluation of Lankford coefficients out of DIC data above the uniform elongation.
Effect of the balanced piston on the stability of hydraulic pilot-operated relief valve
Authors: Wang Dong , Yin Yaobao , Fu Junyong , Jian Hongchao
Published: September 2022

The stability of a pilot-operated relief valve is investigated through mathematical modeling and experimental measurement. A comprehensive mathematical model of a cartridge-type pilot-operated relief valve is developed, which is designed with a balanced piston at the front of the pilot poppet. The dynamic behavior of such a valve was then investigated using a frequency-domain analysis method. The balanced piston was found to have a marked effect on the stability of the relief valve. The local stability of the valve under various annular clearances was further discussed by the normalization method. The results indicate that an appropriately sized balanced piston can improve the stability of the relief valve’s subsystem. However, when the annular clearance is large, the subsystem’s dynamic characteristics do not change obviously, although it does raise the pilot poppet damping ratio to some extent. Furthermore, numerical simulations and experimental studies were produced to validate the above conclusions, and excellent agreement between the measurement and the model was obtained.
Analysis of governmental open letters mobilizing residents in China during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Liu Qing
Published: September 2022

In response to the threat of COVID-19, China initiated a nationwide campaign. Ideological work such as explaining the implemented policies and persuading the public always took a central role in mobilization, and it has been emphasized by Chinese government during Covid-19 as well. The legitimation discourse used in the campaign is the focus of the current study. The investigation takes into consideration the political logic of the relationship between the central and local governments as well as their working mechanism. More specifically, a total of 84 open letters written by the local governments to mobilize residents during the COVID-19 pandemic were analyzed. The study integrated the CDA perspective, legitimation theory, and campaign-style governance and examined what ideological discourses are constructed in the open letters, what type of authority is constructed for legitimation, and what is the main communication style used. In addition, the study paid attention to the patterns among the different local government ranks. The findings revealed that moral appeal and political authority were the key elements of legitimation discourse, but governments with lower ranks exhibited a trend of de-ideologization. Meanwhile, impersonal politeness and direct bold command contradictorily co-existed in open letters of basic level local governments. These finding reveal that despite the top government’s centralized power, realization of ideological work in a national campaign is confined by the divergent and complicated realities of local governments.
The impact of digitalization on green economic efficiency: Empirical evidence from city-level panel data in China
Authors: Lee Chien-Chiang , He Zhi-Wen , Wen Huwei
Published: September 2022

The digital transformation of global economic and social activities brought about by advanced information and communication technology (ICT) may have a profound impact on sustainable economic development. This research measures the digitalization of the economy and society in cities of China based on Internet-related indicators and digital financial development and investigates the economic and environmental effects of their digitalization. The empirical results show that digitalization has significantly improved green economic efficiency (GEE), and this finding remains valid after a series of robust analyses. However, there is regional heterogeneity in the improvement effect of GEE. The green effect of digitalization is significant only in the cities with a high degree of economic servitization, capital-abundant cities, and eastern cities. Although digitalization has promoted the green development of the urban economy, it also has a negative spatial spillover effect on the GEE of neighboring cities. One explanation is that cities are shifting polluting industries to other areas during the process of digital transformation.
Dualisation and part-time work in France, Germany and the UK: Accounting for within and between country differences in precarious work
Authors: Rubery Jill , Grimshaw Damian , Méhaut Philippe , Weinkopf Claudia
Published: September 2022

By comparing protections for part-time work in France, Germany and the UK, this article contributes to the comparative debate over whether industrial relations actors are mitigating or creating labour market dualisation. Significant variations in incidence and form of part-time work (a ‘spectrum of precariousness’), between and within the three countries, are explained through a theoretical frame that layers the actions of industrial relations actors against a backdrop of welfare and labour market rules and gender relations. This reveals important path dependent differences in part-time work patterns, including in the lines by which part-time work is segmented. The findings call for a more nuanced approach to dualisation that recognises that trade union responses to precarious work, albeit conditioned by their own path dependencies, have involved active efforts to extend protections to part-timers through twin strategies of support for legislative instruments and new forms of organising, albeit with only partial success.
Silvopastoralism and the shaping of forest patches in the Atacama Desert during the Formative Period (ca. 3000–1500 years BP)
Authors: McRostie Virginia , Babot Pilar , Calás Elisa , Gayó Eugenia , Gallardo Francisco , Godoy-Aguirre Carolina , Labarca Rafael , Latorre Claudio , Núñez Lautaro , Ojeda Karla , Santoro Calogero M , Valenzuela Daniela
Published: September 2022

During the Formative period by the Late-Holocene (ca. 3000–1500 BP), semi-sedentary and sedentary human occupations had emerged in the oases, salares, and riverine systems in the central depression (2400–1000 masl) of the Atacama Desert, northern Chile (19–25°S). This hyperarid core was marginally occupied during the post-Pleistocene and middle Holocene droughts. Settlement on these lower belts was accompanied by a rise in humidity, the introduction of Andean crops, flourishment of Prosopis spp. (algarrobo) forests, and increasing integration of domestic camelid caravans. Here, we explore lowland husbandry within risk-spreading strategies, focusing on silvopastoralism and endozoochory between camelids and algarrobos. Analysis of camelid coprolites from seven archeological sites located in the Pampa del Tamarugal, Loa River, and Salar de Atacama found intense grinding from camelid chewing and indicated a ruminal digestive system. Abundant macro and microremains in the form of tissues, phytoliths, crystals, cell structures, and others, were identified as Prosopis, Atriplex, Schoenoplectus, Distichlis, and Phragmites. We conclude that camelids were foraging for Prosopis, although the rather low number of entire seeds preserved in the coprolites leads us to think that these herbivores might not have been the main vectors for the spread and germination of algarrobos. More samples and interdisciplinary studies are needed to comprehend the complex socioecological web in the shaping of these forests and the management of the Atacama Desert landscapes.
Interdependence of Emotion: Conceptualization, Evidence, and Social Implications From Cultural Psychology
Authors: Uchida Yukiko , Nakayama Masataka , Bowen Kimberly S.
Published: September 2022

People feel a wide range of emotions. In many psychological traditions, emotions are defined as primarily emerging from within the individual, even if influenced by external factors (e.g., approval from other people). This definition is consistent with an independent self-construal. However, in some contexts, emotions are understood to have more interdependent characteristics that can be shared with other people and that arise from social contexts and collective, shared situations. We define the lay theory of interdependence of emotion as the perception that emotional experience or its causes and consequences are shared with other people. Interdependence of emotion can be conceptualized along a spectrum, rather than as categorical. Additionally, the degree to which people understand emotions as interdependent likely varies by cultural context. In this article, we review studies that have investigated this lay theory of emotions across cultures, focusing on function. We suggest that people from non-WEIRD cultures (i.e., cultures that are not Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic) are more likely than others to experience emotions as interdependent. Next, we highlight examples of this interdependence, focusing on two specific emotions: happiness and awe, which may have both independent and interdependent elements. The mechanisms and functions of the lay theory of interdependence of emotions are discussed using the example of a current collective threat, COVID-19.
Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Healthiness, Quality and Carbon Footprint Reduction of Bagged Rice
Authors: Chaiyesh Tatnawat
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate three attributes of bagged rice products, namely healthiness, quality and carbon footprint reduction and to elicit the willingness to pay for these attributes of bagged rice products of Thai consumers by using unforced choice experiments. A mixed logit model was used to analyse the aggregate sample. Data collection was conducted by an online questionnaire from the sample of consumers aged 20 years and over who had purchased bagged rice. A sample of 420 people living in different regions of Thailand was taken using a multi-stage sampling method. The results showed that all attributes had a significant effect on the purchase of bagged rice of the consumer sample with statistical significance at the level of 0.001. The results also have interesting implications for researchers, entrepreneurs and policymakers.
Minority Stress in Emotion Suppression and Mental Distress Among Sexual and Gender Minorities: A Systematic Review
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Dandona Anu , Sharma Vibha , Zaidi S. Z. H.
Published: September 2022

Background:

The existing structural framework of defining gender and sexuality based on heteronormative ideology led to the succession of the notions of stigma, prejudice, and hate towards the sexual and gender minority population. The presence of strong scientific evidence for the negative consequences of discriminatory and violent events has directed the association with mental and emotional distress. This study aims to comprehend the role of minority stress in emotional regulation and suppression among the sexual minority population globally using systematic review of literature through elaborate Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

The analyses of the sorted literature premised on the PRISMA guidelines revealed that minority stress mediates the emotion regulation processes among the individuals who witness continuous episodes of discrimination and violence leading to emotional dysregulation and emotion suppression. Studies also reported the dominance of various health-risk behaviors such as alcohol addiction, drug abuse, and other forms of intoxication among sexual minority individuals. Increased instances of anxiety, stress, depression, and suicidal ideations were prominent in the findings of the empirical research suggesting an intricate role of minority stress in advancing the faulty emotion suppression and mental health concerns among the sexual and gender minority population.

Key message:

Minority stressors among sexual and gender minority individuals mediate emotion suppression and mental distress.
Influence of Parenting on Maladaptive Schemas and Emotion Regulation in Adolescents Presenting With Self-Injurious Behavior in a Tertiary Care Hospital of North India
Authors: Shrivastava Osheen , Sharma Prerna
Published: September 2022

Introduction:

Parenting is a key factor in development of cognitive and emotional patterns of viewing self, others, and the world. The present study aimed to explore the influence of parenting on early maladaptive schemas (EMS) and emotion regulation in individuals presenting with self-injurious behavior.

Method:

A total of 32 adolescents with self-injurious behavior aged 15 to 18 years participated in this cross-sectional exploratory study. Measures used were Parental Handling Questionnaire, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and Young Schema Questionnaire—Short Form.

Results:

The results indicate a significant negative correlation of parental care with lack of emotional clarity ( r = −0.403, P < .05) with schema of self-punitiveness ( r = −0.179, P < .05) and a significant positive correlation with emotional inhibition ( r = 0.423, P < .05) and schema of admiration seeking ( r = 0.364, P < .05). Parental control was found to be significantly positively correlated with schemas of pessimism ( r = 0.350, P < .05) and significantly negatively correlated with admiration seeking ( r = 0.477, P < .01). Parenting was also found to be a significant predictor for emotion regulation and EMS ( P < .05).

Conclusion:

Parenting has a significant influence on emotional regulation and EMS. Findings have a bearing on future research and targeted interventions in clinical care settings.
Ending the HIV Epidemic for Persons Left Behind in the Advances of HIV: Intervention Studies Addressing the HIV Continuum of Care
Authors: Metsch Lisa R. , Feaster Daniel J. , Parish Carrigan L. , Gooden Lauren K. , Matheson Tim , Pereyra Margaret R. , Tross Susan , Haynes Louise , Rodriguez Allan , Tookes Hansel , Das Moupali , Colasanti Jonathan , Kolber Michael A. , del Rio Carlos
Published: September 2022

The advent of antiretroviral therapy and biomedical prevention has transformed HIV from a fatal disease to a chronic condition where people with HIV (PWH) can live long, healthy lives. Yet, there remains a subset of PWH left behind from receiving timely HIV diagnosis and care. Striking inequalities in access to resources, socioeconomic disparities, and social forces have prevented certain PWH from achieving significant health and quality of life (QOL) improvements experienced by those who secure life-saving treatment. For decades, our multidisciplinary team developed a collaborative scientific portfolio focused on helping those left behind advance along the HIV continuum of care. In this manuscript, we highlight some of our U.S.-based social interventions that have addressed the disparities and sub-optimal QOL encountered by overlooked populations with the goal of achieving timely HIV diagnosis, care, and sustained viral suppression. We then outline our many lessons learned and vision for the next crucial steps ahead.
Risk Factors Associated With Postoperative Pulmonary Infection in Elderly Patients With Hip Fracture: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Lv Chang , Chen Shaomin , Shi Tianhui , Jia Man
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to conduct a longitudinal study to explore the influencing factors of pulmonary infection in elderly patients with hip fracture after surgery, to provide evidence and reference for the early identification and nursing care of patients at high risk of postoperative pulmonary infection.

A secondary analysis was conducted of electronic medical record data from elderly patients with hip fractures treated in a tertiary hospital from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2021.

A total of 526 patients were included. Age ≥70 years (odd ratio [ OR] 2.042, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.516–4.022]), history of smoking ( OR 2.755, 95% CI [2.009–3.175]), time from fracture to operation ≥5 days ( OR 3.117, 95% CI [1.925–3.911]), American Society of Anesthesiologists grade ≥II ( OR 1.254, 95% CI [1.053–1.921]), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( OR 2.832, 95% CI [1.775–3.808]), hypoproteinemia ( OR 1.395, 95% CI [1.022–1.841]), red blood cell distribution width >15% ( OR 3.142, 95% CI [2.104–4.172]), intensive care unit stay ( OR 2.174, 95% CI [1.083–3.718]) and duration of mechanical ventilation ≥180 minutes ( OR 3.117, 95% CI [2.199–4.807]) were the independent risk factors (all p < .05).

Early nursing care should be taken for patients with risk factors to reduce the pulmonary infection.
Psychological and Peer Difficulties of Children with Cleft Lip and/or Palate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Branson Emma K. , Branson Victoria M. , McGrath Roisin , Rausa Vanessa C. , Kilpatrick Nicky , Crowe Louise M.
Published: September 2022

Objectives

A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to determine if children born with cleft lip and/or palate are at increased risk of psychological and peer difficulties, and if so, which difficulties they develop.

Methods

EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched for English language studies published between January 2005 and January 2022 which investigated the psychological outcomes and peer function of children with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate. Outcomes included internalizing problems, such as anxiety and depression, externalizing problems, such as hyperactivity, conduct disorders, self-concept including self-image and self-esteem, peer problems, resilience, coping, and overall psychological function. A risk of bias assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random effects models were used in the meta-analysis to compare the outcomes for children born with a cleft and those without.

Results

In total 41 studies met inclusion criteria, with 9 included in the meta-analysis. Children born with a cleft appear to have similar psychological outcomes compared to normative controls when using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. There are some minor differences between self-report and parent report, with parents generally reporting that their child with a cleft has increased emotional, conduct, and hyperactivity problems. The small differences between the study cohort and control cohorts are unlikely to imply any differences on a clinical level.

Conclusions

Overall psychological outcomes appear to be similar between children born with a cleft and the nonaffected population, however, some symptoms such as anxiety and depression appear higher in children with cleft lip and/or palate.
Night After Night, My Heartbeat Shows the Fear: Examining Predictors of Fear of Crime in the Nonurban Australian Context
Authors: Sabine Claudia , Hodgkinson Tarah
Published: September 2022

Research on fear of crime (FOC) is well established in urban contexts. However, few studies explore how common predictors of FOC operate within nonurban environments. This study examines typical predictors of FOC within the nonurban context of Roma, Queensland, and specifically explores mental health as a predictor in this context. Using survey data, key findings indicate that a number of individual and ecological level predictors, such as gender, prior victimization, social cohesion, and social disorder, remain consistent with previous literature on urban contexts. However, these results counter recent findings indicating that gender does not predict FOC in the nonurban context. Interestingly, the results also indicate that mental health is not a predictor of FOC. These findings present implications for fear reduction strategies and future research in nonurban contexts.
COVID-19-Related Stress and Resilience Resources: A Comparison Between Adoptive and non-Adoptive Mothers
Authors: Ferrari Laura , Canzi Elena , Barni Daniela , Ranieri Sonia , Danioni Francesca Vittoria , La Fico Giuliana , Rosnati Rosa
Published: September 2022

Despite an increasing interest in how adoptive parents deal with situations appraised as stressful, there is a lack of research regarding adoptive parents’ adjustment to the challenges posed by the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic. The current study explores similarities and differences between adoptive and non-adoptive mothers in terms of risks (i.e., COVID-19-related stress) and individual (i.e., sense of coherence [SOC]), couple (i.e., partner's support), parent–child (i.e., parent–child relationship satisfaction), and social (i.e., friends’ support) resources in the face of the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, the present study was aimed at predicting which variables discriminate more effectively between the two groups. Participants were 445 Italian mothers (40.9% adoptive mothers), who were asked to fill in an anonymous online survey between May 2021 and October 2021. Results showed that adoptive and non-adoptive mothers reported different resilience resources to face the stressors posed by the health emergency. Specifically, COVID-19 traumatic stress symptoms, parent–child relationship satisfaction, and SOC were found to contribute most in discriminating between the two groups. Findings are discussed in relation to future research developments and practical implications.
Leveraging Social Interaction Among Customers: Referral Reward Versus Collective Buying
Authors: Xia Feihong , Chatterjee Rabikar , Venkatesh R.
Published: September 2022

Over the past decade, the developed and emerging markets have witnessed an exponential growth in online selling strategies that leverage social interaction among customers and enable sellers to offer discounts or rewards on the basis of the size of the buyer pool. This article classifies these diverse strategies into two categories—referral reward (e.g., Uber) and collective buying (e.g., GroupGets)—with associated subtypes. The authors employ an analytical model in which the seller faces customers with heterogeneity in their knowledge and/or intrinsic valuation of a product. Informed customers may inform and increase their less-informed peers’ valuation of the product. The study's richer behavioral model and consideration of a broader strategy space, relative to the existing analytical models, provide new insights into when and how specific strategies are optimal. Referral reward and collective buying encourage information sharing with less-informed potential customers and are typically superior to the individual selling strategy (under which the seller does not incentivize information sharing among customers), except when information sharing is significantly difficult. The authors conduct model refinements and robustness checks and identify clear qualitative managerial implications that can aid strategic decisions under different product-market characteristics. The authors conclude by suggesting future research opportunities to build on this article and add new theoretical insights and managerial guidance.
COVID-19: Sports activity and health-related quality of life of Swiss children and adolescents before and during the initial stay at home period
Authors: Zehnder Cäcilia , Nigg Claudio R , Benzing Valentin
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to investigate sports activity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Swiss children and adolescents (7–16 years) during the national COVID-19 stay at home (SaH) period. In total, 237 parent-child pairs gave information about HRQoL and sports activity (duration and type) before and during SaH. Results show that sports activity decreased during SaH and was also positively related to HRQoL. These findings indicate that sports activity of children and adolescents should be promoted during SaH, for which innovative home-based interventions may be useful.
Integrating autistic perspectives into autism science: A role for autistic autobiographies
Authors: Dinishak Janette , Akhtar Nameera
Published: September 2022

Autism science faces several conceptual and ethical challenges. These include fundamental issues such as how to characterize autism and the fact that research findings and how they are interpreted sometimes contribute to negative perceptions of autistic people. We argue that some of these challenges can be addressed by centering the perspectives of autistic people and focus on one way to accomplish this: having non-autistic researchers critically engage with personal accounts of autistic experience. We discuss some of the advantages and challenges of engaging with these accounts and argue that they can play a role in the reform of autism science.

Lay abstract

Autism science faces challenges in how to think about autism and what questions to focus on, and sometimes contributes to stigma against autistic people. We examine one way that non-autistic researchers may start to combat these challenges: by reading and reflecting on autistic people’s descriptions of their personal experiences (e.g. autobiographies) of what it is like to be autistic. In this article, we review some of the advantages and challenges of this approach and how it may help combat some of the challenges currently facing autism science by focusing studies on the questions autistic people find most important, counteracting stereotypes, and increasing understanding of autistic experiences.
Interpreter-mediated psychiatric assessments: Metacommunication as key
Authors: Weber Orest , Klemp Jonathan , Chmetz Florian , Daliani Argyro , Diserens Esther-Amélie , Faucherre Florence
Published: September 2022

Psychiatric assessments of non-native migrant patients facilitated by an interpreter pose specific communication challenges to all participants. In this study, we developed an original interdisciplinary approach to the verbal and non-verbal practices in this triadic activity. The aim was a data-based description of challenges for clinicians and interpreters, and the identification of relevant strategies. We filmed, transcribed and translated 10 interpreter-mediated consultations focused on the psychiatric assessment of the patient. Subsequently, we submitted the consultations to clinical, interactional sociolinguistic, and interdisciplinary analyses. We identified six challenges for interpreters and clinicians engaged in psychiatric assessments: barely comprehensible and confusing speech, speech about emotions and subjective perceptions, sensitive remarks in relational terms, conclusive clinician interventions, interruptions during interpreter renditions, and non-verbal communication. Attempts by the interpreter to avoid relational offenses (protection of positive face) and to defend the participants’ autonomy (protection of negative face) play a major role in these challenges. So does an insufficient awareness of mutual needs by the clinician and the interpreter. We identified specific strategies of inter-professional metacommunication for each challenge. Clinicians and interpreters should be aware of the challenges they may face in triadic psychiatric assessments. They should take a reflexive stance towards their common practices and may consider using metacommunication tools to reach better communicational and clinical outcomes.
Couple similarity with respect to physical and mental disabilities
Authors: Dammeyer Jesper , Umino Ayumi , Chapman Madeleine
Published: September 2022

Aims:

Existing research on relationships provides strong evidence of couple similarity on a wide range of variables including physical attributes, abilities, and attitudes. However, couple similarity with respect to disability has not been researched. This study investigated couple similarity with respect to both physical and mental disabilities, as well as associations with life satisfaction, among adult cohabiting couples in Denmark.

Methods:

The study analysed data on self-reported mental and physical disabilities from a national survey involving 18,957 participants aged 16 to 65 years.

Results:

The results showed that participants with a disability were more likely to have a partner with a disability. Further, results showed similarity by type and severity of disability as well as age of onset of disability. Having a partner with a disability was found to be associated with low life satisfaction among men with a disability. Results also showed an association among men with a disability between low life satisfaction and the onset of their disability after (as opposed to before) the start of their relationship. These associations were not found among women with a disability.

Conclusions:

The findings provide clear evidence for couple similarity with respect to disability. Findings on life satisfaction showed gender differences that might be explained by cultural gender norms that may play a particular role with respect to disability. Longitudinal research is required to research the factors that mediate how having or developing a disability affects relationships and wellbeing over time.
Framing in the social media era: Socio-psychological mechanisms underlying online public opinion of cultured meat
Authors: Leong Alisius D
Published: September 2022

The shift in reliance from broadcast to online news sources has called into question the continued relevance and applicability of conventional frame building practices and frame setting processes in the new media environment. Findings from a 2 (frame direction: same vs different) × 2 (frame emphasis: environment vs health) × 2 (popularity cues: high vs low) between-subjects experiment ( N = 326) showed that user comments serve an egalitarian function by enabling laypeople to participate in the construction and dissemination of frames for a novel risk issue, cultured meat. Interestingly, the congruence between elite and lay perspectives was found to be more influential than the specific arguments put forth by different sources in influencing attitudes and behavioral intentions. Issue importance moderated the relationship between frame direction and framing outcomes while perceived source credibility mediated it. Suggestions to safeguard the democratic process and improve online science communication are provided.
Anger and the investigative journalist
Authors: Stupart Richard
Published: September 2022

What is the place of anger in the work of journalism? Based on a discourse analysis of investigative journalists’ reflections on the role of anger in their work, this paper explores common understandings of the utility and ‘proper place’ of anger in journalism. I argue that anger can be usefully theorised by drawing on P.F. Strawson’s account of anger as a reactive attitude and Amia Srinivsasan’s account of anger having dimensions of aptness and prudence. In contrast to existing work arguing for a norm proscribing emotion in journalistic texts, anger forms a valued component in the work of investigative journalists, albeit one with important norms around its control and management.
Experimental mild conversion of a lean burn natural gas engine with SCR to a hydrogen engine: NOx and GWP potential for marine applications
Authors: Schröder Alexander , Eicheldinger Stefan , Prager Maximilian , Jaensch Malte
Published: September 2022

Emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from marine propulsion systems have gained public interest resulting in emission limits as defined by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) with IMO Tier III, especially for vessels operating in Emission Control Areas (ECA). The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is also increasingly important for marine propulsion. Minimizing NOx while reducing climate impact calls for technologies such as the gas engine with aftertreatment systems, preferably with the ability to run on alternative fuels. A proven technology for reducing NOx in marine engines is the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) aftertreatment system. It is also possible to avoid engine raw emissions by shifting the combustion process to lower temperature levels. Hydrogen is an alternative fuel with combustion properties enabling premixed operation at significantly higher air-fuel ratio than natural gas (NG) and thus, reducing raw NOx emissions. The study uses a systematic approach to compare emissions and efficiency of a lean-burn gas engine with a natural gas and a mild conversion hydrogen setup, utilizing two different strategies: combustion of NG with the assumption of an SCR catalyst and high raw NOx emissions and combustion of pure hydrogen using the NOx reduction potential of higher excess air. The scope of the study makes it possible to illustrate engine concepts for future applications in the displacement class of 4.8 L per cylinder. The highest efficiency of 45.3% was achieved with the natural gas engine and SCR. The concept with the lowest Global Warming Potential (GWP) was the hydrogen fueled engine under the prerequisite of using green hydrogen, accompanied by a reduction in efficiency of 0.6% compared to the efficiency optimum of NG with SCR. Assuming the use of gray hydrogen, the GWP was 48% and 52% higher than with NG and NG with SCR, respectively, at the efficiency-optimal operating points.
Long-term care staff ’s positive experiences of caring for people living with dementia: Narratives’ content and lessons learned
Authors: Villar Feliciano , Silva-Cavero Ana , Serrat Rodrigo , Celdrán Montserrat
Published: September 2022

Research on caregiving for persons with dementia has mainly focused on its negative impact on caregivers. However, while some studies have found that positive aspects of care can also be found among informal caregivers, little attention has been paid to these positive aspects among staff working in long-term care facilities. The aim of this is study is to explore what kind of positive stories of caring for a person living with dementia staff working in long-term care facilities recall, and what kind of lessons they extracted from these experiences. Forty-two staff members currently working in four Spanish long-term care facilities (21 nursing assistants; 21 technical staff) were interviewed. They were asked about positive stories related to caring for people living with dementia. Data were analyzed using content analysis, aimed at identifying common ideas in the responses. Results showed that the type of stories were quite diverse, but can be grouped into three main themes: attachment, awakening, and mastery. The stories imply different lessons learned, including the importance of individualized care, the value of persistence and patience, and the relevance of technical knowledge and strategies to provide good care. The articles discusses how recording, reflecting on and discussing positive experiences that care staff encounter in their daily practice, may be key to skill development, reinforce job satisfaction, and improve quality of care in a person-centered care direction.
Fields, Habitus and the International Baccalaureate’s Interpretation of International Mindedness
Authors: Whitmarsh David
Published: September 2022

International Mindedness (IM) is recognised as being a key component of an international education (Hill, 2015). However, IM is also acknowledged as an ‘under-reported and under-researched aspect of elite [international] education’ (Bunnell et al, 2020). This has led to the concept being described as ‘enigmatic and under-defined’ by researchers (Poole, 2017) and ‘fuzzy’ by practitioners (Barratt-Hacking et al, 2016: 38). This paper will attempt to conceptualise IM by drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s theories of fields and habitus. It will show that IM can not only be thought of in terms of a specific habitus but that the International Baccalaureate (IB) and the schools that offer International Baccalaureate programmes can, and do, also play a significant role in creating the field (and subsequent structures within the field) in which IM can take root in students. The data and analysis in this paper are taken from a more substantial, recent, mixed-methods case study focusing on IM. The case study was conducted in a Chinese IB international school (of the type described by Poole, 2019: catering largely for Chinese students) on the Chinese mainland that offers the International Baccalaureate Primary Years Programme, Middle Years Programme and Diploma Programme. It is a private fee-paying school, which accepts students mainly from the local but also from the expatriate community.