bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EMPLOYMENT DOCUMENTS IN THE CITIES OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION IN THE SITUATION OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR AS HISTORICAL SOURCES
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Semenova E.Yu.
Published: April 2023

The article contains an analysis of the texts of petitions related to job search in the system of urban economy and the information environment of the cities of the Middle Volga region in 1914-1918. The author reveals the components of the general form for writing petitions; analyzes approaches to justifying employment in petitions drawn up by representatives of various categories of the population of the cities of the Volga region; indicates the linguistic features of the petitions characteristic of representatives of different social groups. As a result, the author managed to identify trends in motivation when applying for a job, which were typical for representatives of a certain social environment and were expressed in justifying the need for employment.
CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL WORK IN THE RKKA FROM THE 1920S TO JUNE 1941: POST-SOVIET HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE PROBLEM. BRIEF HISTORIOGRAPHICAL REVIEW
Authors:   Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Korolev, Tribunsky S.A.
Published: April 2023

The author considers some aspects of the history of studying the problem of cultural and educational work in the Red Army (RKKA) from the 1920s to June 1941 in Russian historical science of the post-Soviet periods. By post-Soviet historiography, the researcher understands a certain array of Russian historiographic sources published since 1992. For a historiographic review, the author selected a complex of historiographic sources that have both direct and indirect relevance to the topic of cultural and educational work in the Red Army from the 1920s to June 1941. In the review, he takes into account the conditions in which Russian historical science developed in the 1990s and which had a serious imprint on the essence and content of all studies on the given problem.
THE URBAN ECONOMY OF LENINGRAD AND ITS RESTORATION MANAGEMENT DURING THE BLOCKADE: ACTIVITIES, METHODS, CULTURAL IDENTITY
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Amosova A.A.
Published: April 2023

The study presents an analysis of significant measures taken by the Leningrad City Council and its Executive committee to revive the housing and communal services of Leningrad during the years of the blockade. The author reveals aspects of the transformation of the main approaches to city management in an extreme wartime situation. Particular attention is paid to the factors that influenced the formation of the Leningrad cultural identity among the Soviet principal staff, the «Zhdanov team», that had been gathering since the late 1930s. The research methodology includes the use of concrete-historical, problem-chronological methods, the method of historical reconstruction, as well as the approach of studying emotions. The source base of the work includes published and unpublished materials covering the work of the Leningrad Soviet and Party activists during the war and blockade.
THE ROLE OF THE STATE PLANNING COMMITTEES OF THE USSR AND THE RSFSR IN THE FIRST MONTHS OF THE REFORM OF THE SUPREME ECONOMIC COUNCIL
Authors:   Institute of History and Archaeology, Ural Branch of RAS, Simonov M. A.
Published: April 2023

The author examines the role of the Gosplans (State Planning Committees) of the USSR and the RSFSR in the first six months of the implementation of the Sovnarkhoz (Supreme Economic Council) reform. He analyzes the personnel appointments of N. S. Khrushchev in the planning departments, and also reveals the impact of the defeat of the «anti-party group» on the start of the reform. The author’s attention is focused on the attempts of the State Planning Committees of the USSR and the RSFSR to take the initiative in managing the Sovnarkhoz at the initial stage of the reform. He argues that the Gosplan of the RSFSR was quickly pushed away from this work. An analysis of changes in the regulatory framework of the reform, as well as the additional functions assigned to the USSR State Planning Committee, and the results of two meetings at the center with representatives of the Sovnarkhoz in July and December 1957 helps to trace the direction of the beginning of the evolution of the territorial management system.
SKIPPER-GRUMANLANER FILAT VOZHEVOLNY: STAGES OF BIOGRAPHY IN THE CONTEXT OF RUSSIAN DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARCHIPELAGOS AND ISLANDS OF THE ARCTIC IN THE LAST QUARTER OF THE XVIII – EARLY XIX CENTURY
Authors:   Murmansk Arctic State University, Nikonov S.A.
Published: April 2023

The author examines the biography of the skipper Filat Vozhevolny, the son of Semen, who was engaged in fishing in the archipelagos of Spitsbergen (Grumant) and Novaya Zemlya in the late XVIII – early XIX centuries. The study of the biographies of individual fisherman-hunters makes it possible to understand the peculiarities of the organization of fishing, to identify personal and professional qualities, without which it was impossible to participate in long and dangerous expeditions to the polar archipelagos. Filat Vozhevolny went fishing from Onega and Arkhangelsk merchants, Vygoretsky old Believer community, and in 1808-1810 he sailed to Novaya Zemlya under the flag of the White Sea Company. In the personality of the skipper, knowledge of navigation, fishing and hunting was combined with adventurism and a penchant for risk, which endangered the life of not only himself, but also of the artel entrusted to him.
RUSSIAN AMBASSADORS IN LAPLAND IN 1586
Authors:   Samara Federal Research Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tolkachev M.V.
Published: April 2023

The article is devoted to the case related to the history of diplomatic relations between the Moscow state and Denmark-Norway. The sending of Russian ambassadors to the Far North in 1586 was associated with the aggravation of the so-called Lapland dispute, a territorial dispute between Russia and the Danish-Norwegian state in the European Arctic region. The author examines the prerequisites for sending ambassadors, the circumstances associated with the embassy, as well as the facts reflecting the configuration of the Russian-Norwegian border.
THE RUSSIAN DIPLOMACY IN PROTECTING THE RIGHTS OF THE ORTHODOX CHRISTIANS IN THE POLISH-LITHUANIAN COMMONWEALTH IN THE REIGN OF ELIZABETH PETROVNA (1741-1761)
Authors:   Institute of Russian History of Russian Academy of Sciences, Anisimov M.I.
Published: April 2023

From the first months of the reign of Elizabeth Petrovna the Russian royal court ordered diplomats in Dresden and Warsaw to make statements in defense of the rights of Orthodox Christians in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Their rights were violated by the forcible seizure of churches and the conversion of Orthodox Christians to Uniatism, as well as the oppression of Orthodox Christians by Catholic magnates, noblemen and priests. By the 1740s, of the four Orthodox dioceses in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which the Polish authorities pledged to protect in 1686, only one remained, the Belarusian diocese. The royal court of Augustus III issued disposals on the basis of Russian complaints, but due to the republican structure of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the king did not have the right to order the Polish noblemen. The Polish Sejm, the main authority of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, could make decisions binding on all subjects, but its work in the 18th century was paralyzed by the internal conflicts of the magnates. An attempt to form a special commission to consider the complaints of Orthodox Christians according to the Polish laws was not successful. The Russian government could only convince every offender of the Orthodox Christians of the undesirability of such actions, but these measures also did not bring results. The only success of the Russian diplomacy was preventing the transition of the Orthodox Belarusian diocese to the Uniate Church since Dresden and Warsaw needed Russian protection from possible Prussian aggression in 1742 and 1756. In the same time, the Orthodox population of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was increasingly dissatisfied with both their own disenfranchised position and the futility of diplomatic methods of their protection on the part of the Russian royal court.
Customer Classification and Decision Making in the Digital Economy based on Scoring Models
Authors: Mazur Hennadii , Burkina Natalia , Popovskyi Yurii , Vasylenko Nadiia , Zaiachkovskyi Volodymyr , Lavrov Ruslan , Kozlovskyi Serhii
Published: April 2023

The article presents the way of applying cluster models to customer classification and managerial decision on retaining the available clients and acquiring new ones. The objective of the research is to find out the relevant techniques for building scoring models in different fields. The main research was testing the hypothesis: if the number of point models is approximated in different spheres of activity, then the proposed methods will be universal. To check this hypothesis the vector method of k-nearest neighbors support was applied for decision making in the digital economy based on scoring models. In order to realize the principle of customer classification and revealing the client categories with risk of quitting, the client’s classification model was created. Moreover, a risk issue was shown in the example of fraud dynamic. Different fraud categories were studied to define their features. On the basis of the model building results, the authors proposed some recommendations on decision making in risk situations. The model shows how to retain existing clients and how to share client base through the client groups and how to deal with risks of losing clients.
John Chrysostom on the Roman-Persian Wars
Authors: Dmitriev Vladimir
Published: April 2023

The writings of St. John Chrysostom include numerous information about Persia and the Persians. Some of them relate to military history and reflect the military and military-political realities of Roman-Persian relations in the John Chrysostom’s period. The main part of the information reported by John Chrysostom about the Roman-Persian wars is connected with the Persian expedition of the emperor Julian the Apostate in 363 AD. The Saint explains the unsuccessful outcome of the campaign of 363 for the Romans by the fact that Julian organized anti-Christian persecutions. So, the death of Julian during the campaign is interpreted by John Chrysostom as a Divine punishment. The saint leaves the question of the death of the emperor open, not leaning towards any of the versions that circulated at that time. The description by John Chrysostom of the invasion of the Roman army into Persia in many details coincides with the information of our main source - the “Res Gestae” by Ammianus Marcellinus, who was not only a contemporary of the saint, but also the participant of the events of 363 AD. This indicates a high degree of reliability of the information reported by John Chrysostom. At the same time, the saint demonstrates an ambivalent attitude towards the Persians, considering them, on the one hand, barbarians and opponents of Rome, and, on the other hand, a people demonstrating high moral qualities (in particular, humanity towards the Romans). In addition, John Chrysostom reports some information about the activities of the Persian military intelligence.
Validation of the open biological negative image set for a Portuguese population: Comparing Japanese and Portuguese samples and an exploration of low-order visual properties of the stimuli
Authors: Gomes Nuno , Benrós Miguel F. , Semin Gün R.
Published: April 2023

Recently, Shirai and Watanabe Royal Society Open Science, 9(1), 211128 (2022) developed OBNIS (Open Biological Negative Image Set), a comprehensive database containing images (primarily animals but also fruits, mushrooms, and vegetables) that visually elicit disgust, fear, or neither. OBNIS was initially validated for a Japanese population. In this article, we validated the color version of OBNIS for a Portuguese population. In study 1, the methodology of the original article was used. This allowed direct comparisons between the Portuguese and Japanese populations. Aside from a few emotional classification mismatches between disgust, fear, or neither-related images, we found that arousal and valence relate distinctively in both populations. In contrast to the Japanese sample, the Portuguese reported increased arousal for more positive valenced stimuli, suggesting that OBNIS images elicit positive emotions in the Portuguese population. These results showed important cross-cultural differences regarding OBNIS. In study 2, a methodological change was introduced: instead of the three classification options used originally (fear, disgust, or neither), six basic emotions were used (fear, disgust, sadness, surprise, anger, happiness), and a “neither” option, to confirm whether some of the originally “neither-related” images are associated with positive emotions (happiness). Additionally, the low-order visual properties of images (luminosity, contrast, chromatic complexity, and spatial frequency distribution) were explored due to their important role in emotion-related research. A fourth image group associated with happiness was found in the Portuguese sample. Moreover, image groups present differences regarding the low-order visual characteristics, which are correlated with arousal and valence ratings, highlighting the importance of controlling such characteristics in emotion-related research.
Antimicrobial effect of PRF: A systematic review of in-vitro evidence-based studies
Authors:   Veiga de Almeida University, Moraschini Vittorio , Mourão Carlos Fernando , Shibli Jamil
Published: April 2023

Review question / Objective: What is the antimicrobial effect of human PRF in vitro studies? Condition being studied: Recently, PRF has been used as an adjuvant in treating wounds (e.g., diabetic foot) by making a protective barrier to increase local cellular activity, causing the tissue to be recovered3. This is due to PRF’s tissue regeneration potential. PRF’s involvement in wound healing may go beyond being a protective barrier. It is already possible to observe studies that point to PRF as an autologous biomaterial with great potential to act as a local antimicrobial. This phenomenon can be caused by blood cells in the fibrin matrix or chemotaxis caused by cytokines released in the recipient tissue.
Survival and prognosis analysis of systemic lupus erythematosus-pulmonary hypertension: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors:   Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yang Jianguo , Zhao Fuyu , Zhou Xinpeng , sun Yuying , Lun Xueping , Cao Jiaojiao , Fan Bing
Published: April 2023

Review question / Objective: The study aimed to evaluate survival rates and prognosis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) using meta-analysis. (P: patients with SLE-PH; I: No intervention; C: No comparator; O: survival and prognosis; S: meta-analysis). Condition being studied: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a life-threatening condition characterized by elevated pulmonary arteries pressure due to increased pulmonary vascular resistance1. Symptoms of PH are nonspecific but typically include exertional dyspnea and fatigue. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by aberrant immune activity leading to variable clinical manifestations ranging from mild fatigue and joint pain to severe and life-threatening organ damage. Recent data from lupus registries have provided more accurate estimates of SLE incidence and prevalence, which showed Lupus is more common in non-white populations.
Pertinencia entre el perfil de egreso del administrador de empresas de la universidad nacional de Pilar y la perspectiva del empleador
Authors: Guillén Segobia Ramón Plutarco , García Barrios Victoriano
Published: April 2023

Introducción: Las instituciones de educación superior están obligadas a cumplir con normas de calidad en la formación profesional, como resultado de la creciente globalización de la sociedad, que exige que los egresados ​​tengan ciertas características, y que se inserten mejor en el mercado laboral. Objetivo: la investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar la pertinencia del perfil de egreso del administrador de empresas de la Facultad de Ciencias Contables, Administrativas y Económicas de la Universidad Nacional de Pilar en relación con la perspectiva del empleador en el año 2022. Metodología: Esta investigación se basó en el paradigma cualitativo, y utilizó la metodología de análisis comparativo. Se utilizó como técnica de recolección de datos, el análisis documental de fuentes secundarias. Se recopilaron 25 convocatorias de empleo tanto de entidades públicas como privadas en el país, publicadas en los portales web en el año 2022. Se analizaron en base a las competencias generales y específicas del perfil de egreso del administrador, en relación a lo que indica el modelo de la ANEAES y el perfil requerido para los empleos ofertados.  Conclusiones: Después del análisis y de las comparaciones entre los perfiles, del egresado y las convocatorias. Se concluyó que existe una pertinencia entre el perfil de egreso de la carrera de Administración de la FCCAE-UNP y los empleadores.
La música nos comunica: desde las experiencias en estudiantes con TEA
Authors: Sanchez Bobadilla Viviana Sofia
Published: April 2023

La comunicación en estudiantes con TEA es uno de los déficits con el que nos encontramos en todo momento, por lo que estrategias que estimulen y potencien la comunicación, favorecerán a la interacción y socialización de los estudiantes con TEA. La condición del neurodesarrollo conocida como trastornos del espectro autista (TEA) se caracteriza por problemas con la socialización y la comunicación interpersonal, tanto verbal como no verbal, en este articulo presentamos la música como una herramienta para estimular la comunicación, además de incorporar otros elementos. Encontrar estrategias apropiadas centradas en el estudiante mientras se utiliza la música y otros recursos fácilmente disponibles que presenten un enfoque diferenciado en la experiencia y en el desarrollo utilizado en TEA. Por lo tanto, el uso de la música para mejorar y, en particular, estimular la comunicación de los estudiantes a través del lenguaje hablado y las actividades sensoriales son propuestas cotidianas y accesibles que fueron incorporadas en varios espacios en los últimos tiempos. Mediante el uso de estas herramientas, la estrategia utilizada puede generalizarse en diferentes entornos educativos, familiares y sociales del estudiante.  En consecuencia, la música y el uso de otros materiales auxiliares facilitarán el avance de la intervención y potenciarán la comunicación.
Intelligences multiples du design
Authors: Léchot Hirt Lysianne
Published: April 2023

En proposant un point de vue nouveau sur le monde et la société, la recherche-création s’éloigne de la conception traditionnelle du design, conçu comme pur développement de produits. Tout en dépassant les cadres universitaires de l’histoire, de l’esthétique ou de la sociologie, cette approche innovante ouvre un horizon concret de réflexions sur les enjeux contemporains du design et des disciplines issues des sciences humaines. Elle permet également d’établir un dialogue fertile entre les différents champs de la création. Lysianne Léchot Hirt, qui a largement contribué à théoriser cette approche, envisageait son champ d’investigation comme une matière vivante, profondément ancrée dans le quotidien et nécessitant d’être observée avec le regard, disait-elle, d’une «ethnographe». Ce livre réunit une sélection de ses essais les plus marquants, suivis de plusieurs contributions de personnes ayant oeuvré dans son sillage, que sa pensée accompagne encore aujourd’hui. Contributions de Julie Enckell, Jean-Pierre Greff, Ruedi Baur, Davide Fornari, Jocelyne Le Boeuf, Rachel Mader, Anthony Masure, Alexandra Midal, Nicolas Nova et Sarah Owens.
Хирургия полости рта
Authors: Avramenko O. O. , Muzychina A. A. , Kal'ney E. O. , Avsyakin A. V. , Muzychina A. V. , Bugorkova I. A.
Published: April 2023

Предлагаемый учебный курс обобщает методическую, теоретическую и эмпирическую информацию, необходимую для всестороннего системного представления о хирургии полости рта. Он состоит из девяти глав, в каждой из которых последовательно раскрывают вопросы, касающиеся истории развития хирургической стоматологии, нормативно-правовой регламентации требований к организации работы и медицинской документации амбулаторного стоматологического кабинета и отделения челюстно-лицевой хирургии, гигиенических требований к помещениям, оборудованию, внешнему виду стоматолога-хирурга, обследованию хирургического стоматологического больного. Также дается детальная характеристика алгоритма подготовки, организации и проведения операций типичного и атипичного удаления зуба, рассматриваются болезни прорезывания зубов. Отдельное внимание уделено одонтогенным воспалительным заболеваниям челюсти и челюстно-лицевой области. Теоретические вопросы иллюстрируются статистическими данными, практические – примерами из реальной практики стоматологов-хирургов последних лет. Содержание курса соответствует Федеральному государственному образовательному стандарту высшего образования. Предназначен для студентов, обучающихся по направлениям подготовки «Стоматология», «Хирургия полости рта», «Хирургическая стоматология», «Челюстно-лицевая хирургия», слушателей курсов повышения квалификации и программ профессиональной подготовки, аспирантов и преподавателей, практикующих стоматологов-хирургов, медицинских работников.
Scientific and Technological Revolution in the XX Century
Authors: Khudokormov A. G.
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the course and main results of the Scientific and technological revolution (NTR) of the middle and (partly) the second half of the 20th century – from the first tests of the atomic bomb to the introduction of personal computers and the Internet. The period of 1940 – 1980s. is most typical for fundamental innovations in nuclear energy, microelectronics, in the areas of industrial automation, space exploration, creation of polymers with predetermined properties and for the events of the «green revolution». Special attention is paid to the areas of NTR, in which our country has long been in the group of leading states. The question of the reasons for the scientific and technical backwardness of the USSR from the leading countries of the world (since the mid 1970s) is discussed. In conclusion, the general features of an economic model that can bring our country to the forefront of scientific and technological progress are outlined.
The effects of extremely low-frequency magnetic field exposure on apoptosis, neurodegeneration and trace element levels in the rat brain
Authors: Çakıt Mehmet Onat , Koca Gökhan , Akbulut Aylin , Erdem Onur , Çetinkaya Serdar , Umurhan Gaye , Aydinbelge Nur , Esmekaya Meric , Yumuşak Nihat , Canseven Kurşun Ayşe Gülnihal , Korkmaz Meliha
Published: April 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 1mT, 1.5 mT, and 2 mT extremely low-frequency magnetic fields, which were within the limits for public environmental and occupational magnetic field exposure guidelines, on apoptosis, neurodegeneration and trace elements in rat brain cells.
Material and Method: A total of 35 adult male Wistar rats were allocated into four main groups: Group 1 (n=8) was healthy controls; Group 2 (n=9) was exposed to 1 mT extremely low-frequency magnetic field; Group 3 (n=9) was exposed to 1.5 mT extremely low-frequency magnetic field and Group 4 (n=9) was exposed to 2 mT extremely low-frequency magnetic field. All the rats in the exposure groups were exposed to 50 Hz extremely low-frequency magnetic field for 4 hours per day, 5 days per week for 30 days in the Helmholtz coils. After the exposure, rats were sacrificed and rat brains were evaluated for histopathological and immunohistochemical changes as well as about the trace element levels in the brain.
Results: Different levels of exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic field doses caused increases in Ca levels and increased apoptosis in the rat brain. As the applied extremely low-frequency magnetic field levels increased, so did the apoptosis and Ca levels in the brain tissues.
Conclusion: Extremely low-frequency magnetic field exposure caused neurodegeneration in rat brain tissue, increased apoptosis, and increased Ca concentration. These changes may cause various biological damage, especially cancer in healthy tissues and measures should be taken to minimize extremely low-frequency magnetic field exposure in daily life in terms of protecting public health.
O Impacto da Covid-19 nas associações e cooperativas de catadoras e catadores de materiais recicláveis em Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Cardoso Alexandro
Published: April 2023

Busca elucidar os impactos causados pela pandemia de covid-19 nas unidades de triagem de catadores e catadoras de materiais recicláveis de Porto Alegre. Com informações atualizadas sobre esses profissionais, o texto pretende servir de base para a implantação de políticas públicas que possam minimizar os efeitos da doença nessa categoria profissional, bem como ampliar os índices de reciclagem e a inclusão, o reconhecimento e a valorização das catadoras e dos catadores da cidade.
Enlaces : uma experiência de acompanhamento e incubação de empreendimento de economia solidária no contexto da pandemia da covid-19
Authors: Santana Daniela Maria de , Rolim Renata Souza , Carneiro Vanderson Gonçalves
Published: April 2023

Discorrem sobre a experiência de acompanhamento e incubação dos empreendimentos econômicos solidários (EES) no estado da Paraíba, que compõem o Espaço Colaborativo da Economia Solidária (Enlaces). Os autores relatam que, diante da carência de informações atualizadas sobre as diversas realidades dos grupos de economia solidária, e a partir do contexto de pandemia de covid-19, houve a motivação para a realização de um levantamento para compreender melhor a realidade desses grupos no estado e, por meio dessas informações, construir de forma participativa o site do Enlaces.
Determinantes da participação das mulheres brasileiras na força de trabalho durante a pandemia da covid-19
Authors: Macedo Natália Guerra da Rocha , Pinheiro Luana Simões
Published: April 2023

Visam compreender se a pandemia de covid-19 trouxe mudanças nas variáveis que determinam a participação das mulheres no mercado de trabalho, e se tais modificações também ocorreram na decisão dos homens. Para responder a estes questionamentos, as autoras elaboraram modelos de regressão logística, colocando a participação na força de trabalho como variável dependente; e utilizando os microdados de divulgação trimestral da PNAD Contínua para comparar um momento anterior à instalação da crise sanitária/econômica no país (segundo trimestre de 2019) com o auge do isolamento social (segundo trimestre de 2020).
Análise das linhas alternativas de investimento do programa nacional de fortalecimento da agricultura familiar : lógica operacional e assimetrias regionais
Authors: Alves Fábio , Valadares Alexandre Arbex , Silva Sandro Pereira , Bastian Lillian
Published: April 2023

Nele são discutidos aspectos referentes à execução recente do Pronaf (de 2016 a 2019) a partir de algumas linhas específicas de financiamento, voltadas para o investimento na diversificação tanto da atividade produtiva dos estabelecimentos rurais, quanto do perfil do público demandante de crédito entre as famílias beneficiárias. Com base em informações disponibilizadas pelo Banco Central do Brasil (BCB), os autores buscaram identificar padrões na lógica operacional do programa, bem como no atendimento de seu público e no desempenho regional.
TD 2863 - Avaliação de licitações e proposição de alternativas para o transporte intermunicipal de passageiros por ônibus
Authors: Goes George Vasconcelos , Guedes Erivelton Pires , Pompermayer Fabiano Mezadre
Published: April 2023

Este estudo conduz uma avaliação da licitação do transporte intermunicipal de passageiros por ônibus de estados selecionados do Brasil, com o propósito de realizar um diagnóstico preliminar e apontar alternativas à luz das boas práticas de gestão do transporte público. Para isso, são revisados os certames de licitação de estados selecionados, dados de oferta e demanda modelados, bem como a atratividade, em termos de concorrência, de sistemas vigentes, evidenciando-se que é possível modernizar e flexibilizar o sistema e atrair mais competidores, mesmo dentro do regime de concessão. O estudo destaca a necessidade de que sejam revistos os critérios que estabelecem o período de exploração do serviço e os métodos de revisão e reajuste da tarifa nos regimes de operação do transporte público. A regulamentação das agências rodoviárias também é recomendada para o aprimoramento da regulação do serviço público, bem como a informatização e a unificação das bases de dados do poder concedente e das concessionárias. Ademais, medidas operacionais de baixo custo, como o rastreamento por Sistema de Posicionamento Global (Global Positioning System – GPS), bilhetagem eletrônica, sistema de informação ao usuário e matrizes de risco, conjuntamente com indicadores de avaliação de desempenho, forneceriam os dados primários necessários para planejar e monitorar o sistema. Finalmente, uma solução simples como a implantação de um sistema de informação ao usuário permitiria maior visibilidade da oferta de ônibus, podendo ampliar a confiabilidade do tempo de viagem e, assim, também, a demanda.
Exploring the Mass and Redshift Dependencies of the Cluster Pressure Profile with Stacks on Thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Maps
Authors: Tramonte Denis , Ma Yin-Zhe , Yan Ziang , Maturi Matteo , Castignani Gianluca , Sereno Mauro , Bardelli Sandro , Giocoli Carlo , Marulli Federico , Moscardini Lauro , Puddu Emanuella , Radovich Mario , Van Waerbeke Ludovic , Wright Angus H.
Published: April 2023

We provide novel constraints on the parameters defining the universal pressure profile (UPP) within clusters of galaxies, and explore their dependencies on cluster mass and redshift, from measurements of Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) Compton y-profiles. We employ both Planck 2015 MILCA and Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release 4 y-maps over a common ∼2100 deg2 footprint. We combine existing cluster catalogs, based on Kilo Degree Survey, Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Legacy Imaging Surveys observations, for a total of 23,820 clusters, spanning the mass range 1014.0
M
⊙ < M
500 < 1015.1
M
⊙ and the redshift range 0.02 < z < 0.98. We split the clusters into three independent bins in mass and redshift; for each combination, we detect the stacked SZ cluster signal and extract the mean y angular profile. The latter is predicted theoretically by adopting a halo model framework, and a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach is employed to estimate the UPP parameters, the hydrostatic mass bias b
h, and possible cluster miscentering effects. We constrain [P
0, c
500, α, β] to [5.9, 2.0, 1.8, 4.9] with Planck and to [3.8, 1.3, 1.0, 4.4] with ACT, using the full cluster sample, in agreement with previous findings. We do not find any compelling evidence for residual mass or redshift dependencies, thus expanding the validity of the cluster pressure profile over much larger M
500 and z ranges; this is the first time that the model has been tested on such a large (complete and representative) cluster sample. Finally, we obtain loose constraints on the hydrostatic mass bias in the range 0.2–0.3, again in broad agreement with previous works.
A Candidate Runaway Supermassive Black Hole Identified by Shocks and Star Formation in its Wake
Authors: van Dokkum Pieter , Pasha Imad , Buzzo Maria Luisa , LaMassa Stephanie , Shen Zili , Keim Michael A. , Abraham Roberto , Conroy Charlie , Danieli Shany , Mitra Kaustav , Nagai Daisuke , Natarajan Priyamvada , Romanowsky Aaron J. , Tremblay Grant , Urry C. Megan , van den Bosch Frank C.
Published: April 2023

The interaction of a runaway supermassive black hole (SMBH) with the circumgalactic medium (CGM) can lead to the formation of a wake of shocked gas and young stars behind it. Here we report the serendipitous discovery of an extremely narrow linear feature in Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys images that may be an example of such a wake. The feature extends 62 kpc from the nucleus of a compact star-forming galaxy at z = 0.964. Keck Low-resolution Imaging Spectrometer spectra show that the [O iii]/Hβ ratio varies from ∼1 to ∼10 along the feature, indicating a mixture of star formation and fast shocks. The feature terminates in a bright [O iii] knot with a luminosity of ≈1.9 × 1041 erg s−1. The stellar continuum colors vary along the feature and are well fit by a simple model that has a monotonically increasing age with the distance from the tip. The line ratios, colors, and overall morphology are consistent with an ejected SMBH moving through the CGM at a high speed while triggering star formation. The best-fit time since ejection is ∼39 Myr, and the implied velocity is v
BH ∼ 1600 km s−1. The feature is not perfectly straight in the HST images, and we show that the amplitude of the observed spatial variations is consistent with the runaway SMBH interpretation. Opposite the primary wake is a fainter and shorter feature, marginally detected only in [O iii] and the rest-frame far-ultraviolet. This feature may be shocked gas behind a binary SMBH that was ejected at the same time as the SMBH that produced the primary wake.
Ultrafast Variability in AGN Jets: Intermittency and Lighthouse Effect
Authors: Sobacchi Emanuele , Piran Tsvi , Comisso Luca
Published: April 2023

Gamma-ray flares from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) show substantial variability on ultrafast timescales (i.e., shorter than the light-crossing time of the AGN’s supermassive black hole). We propose that ultrafast variability is a by-product of the turbulent dissipation of the jet Poynting flux. Due to the intermittency of the turbulent cascade, the dissipation is concentrated in a set of reconnecting current sheets. Electrons energized by reconnection have a strong pitch-angle anisotropy, i.e., their velocity is nearly aligned with the guide magnetic field. Then each current sheet produces a narrow radiation beam, which dominates the emission from the whole jet when it is directed toward the observer. The ultrafast variability is set by the light-crossing time of a single current sheet, which is much shorter than the light-crossing time of the whole emission region. The predictions of our model are (i) the bolometric luminosity of ultrafast AGN flares is dominated by the inverse Compton (IC) emission as the lower-energy synchrotron emission is suppressed due to the pitch-angle anisotropy; (ii) if the observed luminosity includes a nonflaring component, the variations of the synchrotron luminosity have a small amplitude; and (iii) the synchrotron and IC emission are less variable at lower frequencies, as the cooling time of the radiating particles exceeds the light-crossing time of the current sheet. Simultaneous multiwavelength observations of ultrafast AGN flares can test these predictions.
Evaluation of Remdesivir to the outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection in a tertiary-care hospital in southern India
Authors: Alexander Hanna , Gunasekaran Karthik , Sara John Jisha , Gracelin Princy Zacchaeus Naveena , Samuel Prasanna , Jasmine Sudha , Devasahayam Jesudas Christopher  , Pichamuthu Kishore , Rupali Priscilla
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Remdesivir was the only antiviral used in the treatment of COVID-19 in the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, following the adaptive COVID-19 treatment trial-1 interim analysis report. However, its use in moderate to critical hospitalized COVID-19 patients continues to be controversial.
Methodology: In a cohort of 1,531 moderate to critical COVID-19 patients, we retrospectively performed a nested case-control study where 515 patients on Remdesivir were compared to 411 patients with no Remdesivir. Cases and controls were matched for age, sex and severity. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and secondary outcomes were duration of hospital stay, need for intensive care unit (ICU), progression to oxygen therapy, progression to non-invasive ventilation, progression to mechanical ventilation, and duration of ventilation.
Results: Mean age of the cohort was 57.05 + 13.5 years. 75.92% were males. Overall, in-hospital mortality was 22.46% (n = 208). There was no statistically significant difference in all-cause mortality among cases and controls (20.78% vs. 24.57%, p = 0.17). Progression to non-invasive ventilation was lower in the Remdesivir group (13.6% vs 23.7%, p < 0.001), however progression to mechanical ventilation was higher in the Remdesivir group (11.3% vs 2.7%, p value < 0.001*). In a subgroup analysis of critically ill patients, the use of Remdesivir lowered mortality (OR 0.32 95% CI: 0.13 - 0.75).
Conclusions: Remdesivir did not decrease the in-hospital mortality in moderate to severe COVID-19 but decreased progression to non-invasive ventilation. Its mortality benefit in critically ill patients needs further evaluation. Remdesivir may be useful if given early in the treatment of patients with moderate COVID-19.
Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis following a COVID-19 infection: case report
Authors: Soldera Jonathan , Bosi Guilherme Rasia
Published: April 2023

The case of a 57-year-old male patient with jaundice, high-grade fever, and upper abdominal pain who was recovering from a mild coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection is reported. Laboratory analysis showed liver injury with high levels of AST and ALT, as well as an elevated serum ferritin level. The patient underwent a bone marrow biopsy which showed features of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a systemic syndrome caused by immune activation. The patient was successfully treated with etoposide and dexamethasone and kept on maintenance therapy with cyclosporine, with resolution of the HLH.
The discussion highlights that COVID-19 infection may cause liver injury, and in severe cases, patients may develop HLH as a cause for liver injury. The incidence of HLH in adults with severe COVID-19 infection is estimated to be lower than 5%. The association between HLH and COVID-19 infection has been studied due to immunological hyperactivation. Signs such as persistent high fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and progressive pancytopenia should raise suspicion for the diagnosis of overlapping HLH. A specific approach using steroids and etoposide, followed by maintenance therapy with cyclosporine, is proposed in the HLH-94 protocol as the mainstay of treatment. It is suggested that HLH should be suspected in patients with laboratory signs of liver injury following COVID-19 infection, especially in patients with high-grade fever and a history of rheumatic conditions.
Approvisionner la restauration scolaire des espaces non centraux : vers un service public de l’alimentation ? Éléments de réflexion à partir du cas du Cotentin
Authors: Esnault Morgane
Published: April 2023

Augmenter la part des produits de proximité et de qualité en restauration scolaire : tel est le défi que se sont lancé nombre de collectivités un peu partout en France, appuyées par les politiques publiques alimentaires. Nous proposons d’évaluer les épreuves rencontrées par les cuisiniers et cuisinières dans la recherche de ce type d’approvisionnement, et ce particulièrement dans les espaces les plus éloignés des centres urbains, supports de la production agricole. Volumes, moyens financiers, manque d’offre couplée à la concurrence de quelques opérateurs, complexifient les possibilités pour s’approvisionner en produits de proximité. Une enquête auprès des restaurants scolaires de la Manche (Normandie) sert de support pour développer une réflexion sur l’organisation des chaînes d’approvisionnements de la restauration scolaire. Les flux alimentaires étudiés démontrent l’intérêt d’installer des petits outils de transformation, adaptés aux besoins et gérés directement par la collectivité publique.
Monnaies numériques de banque centrale : une mise en perspective des travaux à travers le monde
Authors: de Sèze Nicolas
Published: April 2023

Les réflexions et les travaux relatifs à l'émission de monnaies numériques de banque centrale (MNBC) ont connu une accélération marquée ces dernières années, à la faveur de la numérisation de l'économie et de la baisse de l'utilisation des espèces pour les paiements, mais aussi de l'émergence des cryptoactifs et des possibilités ouvertes par la tokenisation des actifs financiers. Cet article propose une mise en perspective historique et géographique des travaux des banques centrales sur la MNBC. La perspective historique montre que certaines banques centrales s'étaient initialement concentrées sur la MNBC de détail (destinée au grand public), alors que d'autres centraient leurs travaux sur la MNBC de gros (interbancaire), mais que l'annonce par Facebook de son projet Libra a déplacé le balancier en faveur de la MNBC de détail. Toutefois, on observe dans la période récente un regain d'intensité des travaux sur la MNBC de gros. La perspective géographique montre qu'aujourd'hui, 90 % des banques centrales font état de travaux sur la MNBC. Un tour d'horizon, nécessairement sélectif, de ces travaux illustre la diversité des motivations, des contextes et des approches, mais aussi une convergence sur un certain nombre de principes fondateurs. Classification JEL : E42, E58.
Un euro numérique est-il légal ?
Authors: de Vauplane Hubert
Published: April 2023

Cet article examine les conditions de légalité, au regard du droit européen, d'émission d'un euro numérique par la Banque centrale européenne. Après avoir rappelé et examiné les différents textes potentiellement utilisables, et discuté de la nature juridique d'un euro numérique et de la notion de cours légal au regard de ces mêmes textes, l'article estime qu'il serait préférable de modifier au minimum les statuts de la BCE, et idéalement de procéder à une modification de l'article 128 du Traité de fonctionnement de l'Union européenne (TFUE) afin d'éviter un risque juridique de contestation de la légalité du pouvoir de la BCE. Classification JEL : E42, E58.
Implications des nouvelles formes de monnaie pour la stabilité financière : les monnaies numériques de banque centrale et les stablecoins
Authors: Bindseil Ulrich
Published: April 2023

La monnaie joue un rôle omniprésent dans les échanges économiques et la finance, et il faut donc s'attendre à ce que l'introduction de nouvelles formes de monnaie, tout en permettant vraisemblablement d'améliorer encore l'efficacité et la liquidité de l'économie, crée également de nouveaux risques. Ces risques doivent être compris et traités. Deux nouvelles formes de monnaie actuellement émergentes, la monnaie numérique de banque centrale (MNBC) et les stablecoins , jouent encore un rôle limité dans la pratique, mais peuvent devenir importantes à moyen et long terme. Les implications sur la stabilité financière ont été largement discutées dans la littérature de ces dernières années. Dans cet article, nous résumons cette littérature et en tirons des conclusions quant à la nature, l'étendue et les options d'atténuation de ces risques pour la stabilité financière. Classification JEL : E03, E05, G01.
Les USA et nous : renégocier les démocraties à l’ère du terrorisme mondial
Authors: Das Samir Kumar , Chamba Nathalie
Published: April 2023

Le paradigme dominant des « démocraties libérales occidentales » n’est pas l’alpha et l’oméga des démocraties sur terre. Francis Fukuyama ne le réalise pas : il interprète les défis posés par le « nationalisme », la « religion » et peut-être par la civilisation non pas comme la nature inachevée des « démocraties libérales occidentales » en soi, mais comme la nature « inachevée du libéralisme en question ». D’un autre côté, je propose de considérer cette nature « inachevée » comme un paradigme impliqué dans le paradigme dominant lui-même, et les démocraties actuellement existantes aujourd’hui sont appelées à se redéfinir et à se redémocratiser en se rendant dialogiques. Si les dialogues doivent devenir démocratiques, les démocraties doivent aussi devenir dialogiques. Une démocratie dialogique repose sur la prise de conscience de l’inadéquation perpétuelle de la « démocratie libérale occidentale » et de la nécessité impérative de la surmonter avant qu’une autre alternative, démocratique ou non, prenne le relais et entre en vigueur.
Note de lecture du livre de Jie-hyun Lim, Global Easts: Remembering, Imagining, Mobilizing
Authors: Iveković Rada
Published: April 2023

Cet article est une recension du livre majeur de Jie-hyun Lim, Global Easts . Remembering, Imagining, Mobilizing ( Les ‘Est’ globaux. Souvenance, Imagination, Mobilisation ). L’historien Jie-hyun Lim publie un ouvrage novateur par sa critique efficace des clichés, ouvrant et reconstituant des mémoires collectives figées par des hostilités présentées comme éternelles. A l’aube d’une « nouvelle guerre froide », c’est un livre sur des aspects de notre époque qui parvient à surmonter les dichotomies léguées par la guerre froide historique. Lim travaille sur des faits historiques toujours réexaminés, reformulés et revus, sur des mémoires concurrentes ou conflictuelles, mais aussi sur la méthodologie de l’historien. Si l’auteur tient à promouvoir une histoire transnationale, il passe méthodologiquement de l’histoire à l’étude des mémoires transnationales qui la nourrissent, et aux différents régimes mnémoniques. Sa méthode s’inspire du « victimisme héréditaire » dénoncé par Zygmunt Bauman, pour comprendre le fonctionnement des dictatures (dont la « dictature de masse ») et leur mobilisation des nationalismes. Il part des mémoires conflictuelles de l’Asie de l’est et, à travers ce regard éloigné d’est en ouest qui englobe les deux, il réussit à perturber la carte du monde figée des politiques et des idées prédonnées, à la fois figées et meurtrières.
Migration et répartition à long terme du risque de chômage en Belgique
Authors: Carlier Justine , Fontaine Maxime , Ide Naomé , Tojerow Ilan
Published: April 2023

Résumé : La littérature empirique s’intéressant au chômage de long terme montre généralement une forte concentration de celui-ci sur une partie de la population active et l’importance du début de la carrière pour expliquer celle-ci. La littérature qui s’intéresse au lien entre immigration et marché du travail montre quant à elle les nombreux obstacles auxquels font face les personnes d’origine immigrée sur le marché du travail, et montre également que l’immigration n’a pas forcément d’impact néfaste sur le salaire et l’emploi des autochtones. Cet article tente de relier ces deux littératures en analysant l’importance du statut de travailleur d’origine étrangère sur le nombre de jours chômés au cours d’une carrière (entre 30 et 50 ans) pour plusieurs cohortes d’individus entre 1955 et 2010. Nous avons pu montrer que parmi d’autres variables influençant l’incidence du chômage, le fait d’être né en Afrique et au Moyen-Orient joue un rôle important. En outre, grâce à une analyse multivariée, nous avons pu analyser si le pays de naissance augmentait ex-ante la proportion de jours passés au chômage entre 30 et 50 ans. Les résultats montrent que le pays de naissance joue effectivement un rôle ex-ante pour expliquer le nombre de jours chômés entre 30 et 50 ans.