bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endurance Exercise Prevents Metabolic Distress–induced Senescence in the Hippocampus
Authors: JANG YONGCHUL , KWON INSU , COSIO-LIMA LUDMILA , WIRTH CHRISTOPHER , VINCI DEBRA M. , LEE YOUNGIL
Published: April 2019

Purpose

Metabolic disorder such as obesity and type 2 diabetes caused by excess caloric intake is associated with an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Endurance exercise (EXE) has been suggested to exert neuroprotective effects against the metabolic distress. However, the exact underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the exercise-induced neuroprotection have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether EXE-induced neuroprotection is associated with cellular senescence, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress using a mouse model of obesity induced by a high-fat/high-fructose diet.

Methods

C57BL/6 female mice (10 wk old) were randomly divided to three groups: normal chow diet group (CON, n = 11), high-fat diet/high-fructose (HFD/HF) group (n = 11), and high-fat diet/high-fructose + endurance exercise (HFD/HF + EXE) group (n = 11). HFD/HF + EXE mice performed treadmill running exercise for 60 min·d−1, 5 d·wk−1 for 12 wk.

Results

Our data showed that EXE ameliorated HFD/HF-induced weight gain, fasting blood glucose levels, and visceral fat gain. More importantly, HFD/HF diet promoted cellular senescence, whereas EXE reversed it, evidenced by a reduction in the levels of p53, p21, p16, beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal), and lipofuscin. Furthermore, EXE prevented HFD/HF-induced neuroinflammation (e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β) by inhibiting toll-like receptor 2 downstream signaling cascades (e.g., tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 6, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and c-Jun) in parallel with reduced reactive glial cells. This anti-inflammatory effect of EXE was associated with the reversion of HFD/HF-induced cellular oxidative stress.

Conclusion

Our study provides novel evidence that EXE-induced antisenescence against metabolic distress in the hippocampus may be a key neuroprotective mechanism, preventing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress.
Newly qualified health visitor: Routine cervical screening
Authors: Bewick Jessica
Published: April 2019

The NHS cervical screening programme is a key part of the prevention of cervical cancer, but misconceptions persist among new mothers and uptake is declining year on year, says Jessica Bewick
Healthy eating in pregnancy
Authors: Noakes Amy
Published: April 2019

It is important for health visitors to discuss with women their eating habits during any unanticipated meetings or scheduled antenatal appointments, in addition to considering healthy foods in pregnancy and those to avoid, says Amy Noakes
At a glance: Complementary feeding
Authors: Tinsley Elizabeth
Published: April 2019

The transition from exclusive breastfeeding to family foods is referred to as complementary feeding. All infants should start receiving foods in addition to breast milk from 6 months onwards. This article will cover the basic aspects of introducing complementary foods, including advice health visitors can give parents about spotting the signs of readiness, which foods to introduce and what to avoid.
La Transición a juicio en la trilogía negra de Juan Madrid: el hard boiled como vehículo para la crítica y la expresión del desencanto en la España postransicional
Authors: Parra Sánchez Diego Ernesto
Published: April 2019

Unlike countries like United Kingdom, France or The United States, Spain never had a remarkable tradition in the field of Crime Fiction. This lack of solid tradition was the consequence of different causes like censorship, a bad consideration at editorial level and the lack of a deep industrial revolution which brings the urban conflicts which make this type of literature emerge. With the arrival of the democratic Transition, these transformations took place and, as a consequence of this, Spanish Crime Fiction experiments and amazing development born, precisely, with the aim of building up a critical portrait over this political phenomenon and its most relevant milestones taking the hard boiled literary trend from the North American authors as model. Being this one the context reflected by the Juan Madrid´s noir trilogy on Transition, this article intends to display an approach to it and its role as an unbeatable platform to rise up a critical review of this period from three perspectives: the political, the social and economical and that in relation to the media.
Análisis del discurso y ensayo literario: El sujeto enunciador en El laberinto de la soledad
Authors: Alanís Flores Karina
Published: April 2019

In this paper we use the discourse analysis as theoretical framework to discuss the renowned Octavio Paz’s essay, The labyrinth of solitude. Although there are many studies that have been made about this theme which are mainly based on the history of ideas and the philosophy of the culture, in this case we propose a different perspective which focuses on the linguistic features that are used to construct the subject of enunciation in the literary essay. We consider Émile Benveniste’s concepts of his theory of enunciative operations in order to reveal the different positions that the author takes in the text, as well as how he constructs his reader.
El origen de la familia Rodriguez del Banato a través de la historia militar del siglo XVIII el ascendiente español
Authors: Barsi Béla
Published: April 2019

The author – the descendant of the brothers Ödön (Barsi) and Endre Rodriguez who managed to be successful in the Hungarian cultural life and who were the descendants of the Rodriguez family from Banat – during a nonprofessional research of various decades reveals the Spanish ancestors of the family. During the research he used the oral tradition and the relatively few written documents, preserved objects. The military history of the 18th century played an important role in the research because this was the principal cause of the Spanish migration in Hungary. However, without reading the basic work of the historian Zoltán Fallenbüchl (Spaniards in Hungary in the 18th century) this research would not have managed its goal. Considering the fact that the study mentions the cantonment of the regiment of Alcaudate around 1717 and following this lead, the inspection online of the registers of Osijek was started. This was that brought the desired success with the statement of the Hungarian delegation of the Military Archive of Wien where a person called Antonio de Rodriguez is mentioned who was lieutenant, then captain and who before his death in the battlefield, established his family in Banat.
La entonación de las interrogativas absolutas no marcadas en el español boricua
Authors: Baditzné Pálvölgyi Kata
Published: April 2019

The present investigation focuses on the intonation of unmarked Puerto Rican yes-no questions. Puerto Rico belongs to the Caribbean dialectal zone from an intonational point of view, hence this type of questions is accompanied by a final descendent melodic movement, which is untypical in the rest of the Spanish speaking world. By the help of 51 Puerto Rican utterances taken from spontaneous speech Youtube videos, we will examine if the characteristic falling pattern of this type of sentences is a circumflex one starting from the last accented syllable, or a rising one followed by a fall starting from the last accent. In addition, it is also our aim to determine the percentage of the final fall.
Forma de los cuantificadores negativos en español y otras lenguas románicas
Authors: Szijj Ildikó
Published: April 2019

Resumen : Mi objetivo es presentar la etimología de los cuantificadores negativos del español, del portugués, del catalán, del francés, del italiano y del rumano. Voy a observar en qué medida se conserva el étimo latino, si las nuevas formas son sintéticas o analíticas, si nacieron por gramaticalización. Pretendo mostrar si se pueden encontrar tendencias comunes entre las lenguas románicas o si hay una distribución territorial o tipológica de las formas. Abstract: My aim is to present the etimology of negative quantifiers in Spanish, Portuguese, Catalan, French, Italian and Romanian. I will observe if latin etymon has been conserved, if the new forms are synthetic or analytic, if they were created by grammaticalisation. I pretend to show if there are commun tendencies among romance languages or there is territorial or typologic distribution of the forms.
La enfermedad y la escritura
Authors: Rangel Asunción
Published: April 2019

The topic of the illness reveals at various points in Peruvian-Japanese poetry José Watanabe. Born in 1945 in Laredo, Peru, he died at the age of 62, suffering from throat cancer. It is not strange to find allusions to the degenerative process of the body – derived from the disease – and to the cure in, for example, “Krankenhaus” (hospital, in German), a section of the book El huso de la palabra (1989). In his poetry about disease, Watanabe involves, on the one hand, knowledge derived from medicine and, in addition, knowledge that is outside the frame of writing: advice, family or community stories, what lives and arises –to put it with one of his verses– “en la honda boca de los mayors”. The notion of disease that is poetically devised, links medical knowledge and those that come from the family. The idea of the disease must be incorporated into the way of living it. The sick body to which Watanabe refers is one who feels, perceives and experiences the ailment as a way of living, but also as a way of dying: the agony. His poetry is a way of living dying and dying in living, within the framework of disease that is nothing other than agony. This comparison is significant if we take into account that the process of writing and reading are seen as the life of poetry (in its writing, in its reading) that goes, as it progresses verse by verse, irremediably to death. At the end of reading the poem, it dies; while reading, agonizes. This allows you to venture a path of reading that splices writing, body, disease, life and death.
Reflexiones sobre la utilidad de la novela histórica como herramienta de difusión y pedagógica
Authors: Martínez Evaristo C.
Published: April 2019

The literary genre of the novel, besides being an element of entertainment, can also be a good useful for scientific dissemination. At this point, clearly it could turn into a pleasant tool and helps to reconstruct the essence of past times, having a greater projection in the field of History as long as it meets certain and elementary cases of rigor.
La cuestión catalana en la Segunda República
Authors: Zalai Anita
Published: April 2019

A base de informes diplomáticos húngaros, el artículo intenta analizar la cuestión de la autonomía catalana que fue uno de los desafíos para resolver para los políticos de la segunda república española. En principio, todos los partidos republicanos aceptaron el derecho de las naciones menores a la autonomía, pero en cuanto a su contenido ya eran divididos. Para Manuel Azaña la cuestión de la autonomía no era un tema legal, sino un medio para resolver una cuestión política muy importante. Pero hubo posiciones muy diferentes dentro de la coalición gubernamental, que iban desde partidarios de la unidad hasta posiciones federalistas. Aún más, las fuerzas políticas catalanas también eran divididas. El Estatuto catalán, adoptado en septiembre de 1932, fue una solución de compromiso resultado de una dura lucha. En consecuencia, los nacionalistas catalanes tenían que estar satisfechos con el estado de una región autónoma dentro del estado español en lugar del estado autónomo catalán. Sin embargo, la lucha continuó entre el gobierno central y el gobierno catalán. El artículo intenta hacer ver cómo percibieron los diplomáticos húngaros este conflicto tan complejo.
Ante el dolor de los demás: propuestas literarias de Rodrigo Rey Rosa
Authors: Ilian Ilinca
Published: April 2019

En su ensayo sobre las fotos de guerra, intitulado Ante el dolor de los demás (Regarding the Pain of Others, 2003), Susan Sontag llamaba la atención sobre el hecho de que mirar un acto real de crueldad transforma al que no puede intervenir a fin de aliviar el dolor de las víctimas en un espectador perverso. Interesado en explorar los mecanismos de las innumerables formas de violencia, el guatemalteco Rodrigo Rey Rosa busca el lugar más adecuado para mirar el dolor sin caer ni en el sensacionalismo cínico ni en la lamentación acusadora. Sus propuestas literarias, hechas desde una posición posnacional, presentan varias posturas existenciales que tienen como constante una ambivalencia marcada con respecto al país de proveniencia. Comentaremos las posiciones bosquejadas en las novelas Lo que soñó Sebastián (1994), El cojo bueno (1996), El material humano (2009) y por fin Fábula asiática (2016), donde se apunta a la posibilidad de crear un hogar para la humanidad a nivel planetario, si bien el acercamiento a esta utopía supone una previa fase destructiva.
Meditaciones sobre la frontera en El imperio de la neomemoria de Heriberto Yépez
Authors: Mejía Adalberto
Published: April 2019

Heriberto Yépez (Tijuana, 1974) es una de las voces literarias más críticas en lo que va del siglo XXI en México. Parte importante de su obra literaria se concentra en el tema de la frontera entre México y Estados Unidos. Sin embargo, en El imperio de la neomemoria (2007) Yépez problematiza el significado de ese espacio fronterizo por medio de aspectos discursivos, identitarios y simbólicos. Tal ensayo, en clave biográfica ‒a través del personaje Charles Olson, a su vez biógrafo de Herman Melville‒, analiza las formas en la que Occidente impone ciertos procesos de percepción espacial y de construcciones mnemotécnicas para rehacer la noción de cultura y de frontera. Bajo la comparación y el contraste con otras manifestaciones literarias y performances alrededor de las fronteras norte y sur de México, el objetivo de este artículo es proponer reflexiones a preguntas como: ¿De qué maneras se delimita realmente una frontera? ¿Es posible pensar por separado la frontera norte y sur de México? ¿Qué significa devenir un “ser fronterizo”? Así, como hiciera Michel Butor en À la frontière (1996) con su tipología atendiendo las causas y consecuencias, se busca reflexionar sobre la plasticidad conceptual y cultural del término frontera.
¿Marcar o superar fronteras? Estudio de construcción de identidad de profesores colombianos en escuelas públicas de Estados Unidos
Authors: Garzón Duarte Eliana
Published: April 2019

Teniendo en cuenta el marco teórico del presente coloquio sobre Américas Transnacionales, esta ponencia busca explicar cómo las jerarquías lingüísticas y las ideologías del lenguaje están involucradas en la indexicalidad de espacios de pertenencia de los hablantes y cómo a partir del uso de la palabra “nosotros” se marcan fronteras sociales e ideológicas alrededor de los seres humanos. Para esto se realizó un estudio a menor escala con profesores colombianos que se encuentran vinculados laboralmente con escuelas públicas en Estados Unidos. Los profesores respondieron un cuestionario en línea y participaron de una entrevista por Skype. Los resultados se analizaron teniendo en cuenta el principio de indexicalidad dentro del estudio de identidad, propuesto por Bucholtz y Hall (2010). Los estudios de discurso contemporáneos argumentan que las identidades sociales no son fijas, sino que se construyen de acuerdo al posicionamiento que el hablante busca habitar en el curso de una interacción lingüística para alcanzar una meta específica en las negociaciones de pertenencia con los demás. De aquí que el concepto de frontera tampoco sea fijo, sino que se entiende como una construcción simbólica que se funda en una subjetividad que circunscribe al mundo del “uno” y el “otro”, desde las prácticas culturales, sociales y lingüísticas.
De los Estados Unidos a México y Perú. Paul Fejős y Pál Kelemen, dos húngaros buscando las huellas de los pueblos precolombinos
Authors: Jancsó Katalin
Published: April 2019

El director de cine, Paul Fejős (1897-1963), es conocido sobre todo por su carrera cinematográfica desarrollada en Hungría, Dinamarca, los Estados Unidos y otros países. Desde la segunda mitad de los años 30 del siglo XX, deja su carrera para dedicarse a sus investigaciones antropológicas y arqueológicas. De esta manera, llega a Perú donde hace un viaje de investigación explorando 18 sitios arqueológicos en la región de Machu Picchu y, posteriormente, estudia un pueblo amazónico, los yagua que viven en regiones fronterizas con Colombia y Brasil.
El arqueólogo e historiador del arte, Pál Kelemen (1894-1993), llega a los Estados Unidos en 1932 y empieza una larga carrera profesional durante la cual realiza varios estudios de viaje en diferentes países latinoamericanos, siendo autor de un considerable número de libros sobre el arte precolombino y colonial, reconocidos internacionalmente. 
En mi ponencia, mi objetivo es estudiar las actividades antropológicas y arqueológicas de los dos investigadores, llevadas a cabo en el Perú (Paul Fejős) y en México (Pál Kelemen) durante la década de 1930.
Reconstructing St. Katharinen: Archival Archaeology in Action
Authors: Senior Timothy Joseph
Published: April 2019

Lying near the heart of Bremen, the St. Katharinen district is bounded by two of the city’s principal medieval, and now modern, streets. As one of the earliest documented structures on the site, the Dominican monastery of St. Katharinen has come to define much of the urban fabric of the district. A substantial building complex, it served a variety of scholarly, commercial, military and domestic roles following the Reformation, not least housing the city armory, State library and the city’s first university. Subject to periods of extensive redevelopment, much of the complex was finally lost to the bombing raids of the Second World War and a traffic-widening scheme of the 1970s. Only a fragment now remains of the original claustral buildings, a multistory car park erected on piloti rising overhead.Over successive redevelopments, the site was cleared with minimal archaeological investigation. Further, little scholarly research been conducted on the site to date. As such, any attempt to reconstruct the appearance of St Katharinen is now an act of inference from archival sources: a process of archival archaeology. As part of ongoing work, I will present a new and emerging understanding of the St Katharinen district and its urban transformation across the centuries, drawing on the most extensive body of construction, land registry, visual, textual, laser scanning and Lidar data yet assembled for the site. Whilst a project of this kind is grounded in the traditional approaches of historical architectural research, it is the capacity to assemble and analyze these diverse data sources within common digital environments that makes this conjectural reconstruction work possible.
Use of Photogrammetry for Digital Surveying, Documentation and Communication of the Cultural Heritage. Example Regarding Virtual Reconstruction of the Access Doors for the Nameless Temple of Tipasa (Algeria)
Authors: Bennoui-Ladraa Baya , Chennaoui Youcef
Published: April 2019

This paper presents a methodological contribution in the field of the archaeological restitution’s process. This latter is based on virtual anastylosis, which concerns the reconstruction of fragments of the ruins of the nameless Temple of Tipasa in Algeria. We have to mention that our work focused more particularly on the virtual restitution of the three access doors of the sacred courtyard of the temple. Here, we have found many fragments including the voussoirs, which were revealed during the excavation work, encouraging the proposition of our hypothesis on the initial state of the temple. The protocol followed is based on the photogrammetric survey of the blocks which has allowed us to generate 3d models of the elements constituting the entrance facade to the sacred courtyard. The historical documentation as well as the architectural treatises made it possible to fill the gaps with the aim of communicating the most relevant image of our temple. The main objective of the research was to provide a corpus of data in 2d and 3d of all the blocks which has served, at first the documentation and the study of the remains; but also for the proposal of virtual reconstitution hypothesis for valorization and knowledge of part of the history of the site of Tipasa.
Pancreatic-Polypeptide in the Human Pancreas: Expression and Quantitative Variation During Development and in Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tamiolakis Demetrio , Simopoulos Constantine , Kotini Athanasia , Venizelos Ioannis , Jivannakis Theodoros , Papadopoulos Nikolaos
Published: April 2019

Aim: To determine the immunoreactivity of pancreatic-polypeptide (PP) during the development of the human fetal pancreas and ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma, given that, PP positive cells were demonstrated either into its embryonic anlage or into pancreatic cancer. Methods: Tissue sections from 15 pancreatic fetal specimens, and equal number of ductal adenocarcinoma specimens, were assessed. Results: The density of positive cells in the primitive exocrine ductal epithelium and endocrine epithelium was significantly higher than the relevant density in the neoplastic pancreatic tissue of mixed (ductal – endocrine) and pure ductal type (p1=0.001, p2<0.0005, p3 =0.046 and p4<0.0005 respectively). The above values were estimated during the 10th to 12th week. There was no significant difference in the density of positive cells in the mantle zone of the islets from the 13th to the 24th week, and the neoplastic tissue of mixed (p5=0.11) and pure ductal type (p6=0.23). Conclusion: The immunostaining for PP identifies a subgroup of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas with a neuroendocrine component, initially considered as pure ductal tumors, and mixed ductal and neuroendocrine tumors. This pattern of expression in neoplasms recapitulates the normal pattern during the embryonal development of the organ, raising the question of therapeutic efficacy of PP and analogues as potential adjuvant treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Health Risk of Occupational Exposure in Welding Processes I. Genotoxic Risk
Authors: Borská Lenka , Fiala Zdeněk , Šmejkalová Jindra , Tejral Jaroslav
Published: April 2019

The welding processes belong among the important sources of occupational pollutions. The welding fumes are ranked, according to the classification of IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer), into the group of 2B. In our study we have performed the investigation of twenty men (exposed group) working in the stainless steel welding industrial processes (11 welders and 9 grinders, average age was 31 years, 55 % of smokers, average time period of welding occupational exposure was 8 years). The concentrations of chromium (0.557–16.343 mg/m3) and nickel (0.340–10.129 mg/m3) in occupational atmosphere highly exceeded established values of maximum permitted concentrations (0.1 and 1.0 mg/m3, respectively). The concentrations of manganese did not exceed its permitted values. Total concentrations of 12 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in occupational atmosphere varied from 300.9 to 961.2 ng/m3. For purposes of biological monitoring, the levels of chromosomal aberrations were determined in the exposed and control group. Healthy blood donors servedas a control group. People from that group were not occupationally exposed to harmful chemical compounds (20 men, average age was 36 years, 40 % of smokers). Increased level of chromosomal aberrations of exposed group brought the evidence about higher genotoxic risk of investigated welding processes.
Asymptotic behavior of functions Ω(k; n) and ω(k; n) related to the number of prime divisors
Authors: Shubin Andrei V.
Published: April 2019

This article is related to the average estimates of numerical functions Ω(k; n) and ω(k; n) connected with the number of prime divisors of n with limited multiplicity.
On some properties of vector functions of Boolean algebra
Authors: Taimanov Vladimir A.
Published: April 2019

The functional system of Boolean vector functions with naturally defined superposition operation is studied. Sufficient conditions for membership of a number of important vector functions in closed classes are given.
New Denmark, Canada: An exceptional case of language maintenance in a Danish immigrant settlement
Authors: Kühl Karoline
Published: April 2019

The settlement New Denmark in the Canadian province of New Brunswick, founded in 1872 by Danish immigrants, represents an exceptional case of long-time maintenance of immigrant Danish. Based on a mapping of the social networks within a group of 39 New Denmark Canadians of Danish heritage, the community is characterized as a language enclave (Sprachinsel). Diachronic changes in language use is mapped onto changes in community structures by aligning the findings with the framework of verticalization. The paper further pinpoints a number of linguistic features which either by their existence or by their frequency distribution characterize New Denmark Danish as different from North American Danish in general by relying on qualitative and quantitative analyses of the speech produced by 39 speakers (approximately 120,000 tokens). These features include fossilized items from older stages of Danish as well as a number of bilingual verb phrases created by the New Denmark potato growers of Danish heritage. The study of these verb phrases illustrates how a bilingual community exploits pre-existing cross-linguistic similarities of their two languages to the maximum, thus pointing to the interplay of systemic possibilities (the genetic-typological closeness of English and Danish) with sociodemographic factors (a dense network of Danish speakers) and individual speakers’ linguistic choices.
The information structure of French il y a clefts and c’est clefts: A corpus-based analysis
Authors: Karssenberg Lena , Lahousse Karen
Published: April 2019

This article investigates the distributional and information structural (IS) properties ofil y a‘there is’ clefts in comparison withc’est‘it is’ clefts in French.Il y aclefts, which are prototypically said to be “presentational” or express all-focus, are relatively under-researched with respect toc’estclefts. We present the results of an extensive corpus study ofil y aclefts in three different registers, revealing that these clefts most often express an all-focus articulation, but also quite often express a focus-background articulation, which has not been acknowledged often in the linguistic literature. Moreover, the corpora contain contrastiveil y aclefts (displaying properties of both all-focus and topic-comment sentences), which to our knowledge have not been noticed before. It follows from these data that althoughc’estandil y aclefts can both express all-focus and focus-background, they clearly differ with respect to the topic-comment articulation and have specialized for different functions. Finally, several syntactic and pragmatic factors are presented that may account for the (distributive) differences between the two cleft types, e.g., the impossibility of non-(pro)nominal clefted elements inil y aclefts, genre differences, and the implication of exhaustivity.
Phenolic betalain as antioxidants: meta means more
Authors: Gonçalves Letícia C. P. , Lopes Nathana B. , Augusto Felipe A. , Pioli Renan M. , Machado Caroline O. , Freitas-Dörr Barbara C. , Suffredini Hugo B. , Bastos Erick L.
Published: April 2019

Betalains are phytochemicals of nutraceutical importance that emerged as potent antioxidants, preventing radical chain propagation and the deleterious health effects of oxidative stress. However, despite the wide application of betalains as color additives in products for human consumption, little is known about the relationship between their structure and antioxidant potential. Here we investigate the mechanism of antioxidant action of three regioisomeric phenolic betalains and show that the meta isomer has higher antiradical capacity than most natural betalains, anthocyanins and flavonoids. Structural and pH effects on redox and antiradical properties were investigated and the results are rationalized in light of quantum chemical calculations. Our results demonstrate that hydrogen atom transfer/proton-coupled electron transfer or sequential proton loss electron transfer mechanisms are plausible to explain the radical chain breaking properties of phenolic betalains in water. Furthermore, mesomeric effects are responsible for the stabilization of the resulting radical phenolic betalains. These findings are useful for the design of biocompatible antioxidants and for the development of novel additives for functional foods and cosmetics with high antioxidant potential.
Idea of multi cohesive areas - foundation, current status and perspective
Authors: Chojnowski Maciej
Published: April 2019

The idea of multi cohesive areas is a new, theoretical model of quantum particle mass. This model contains a dark matter sector. Moreover, it can explain the current experimental data on both dark matter and dark energy phenomena. In this work, the current status of this idea from theoretical and experimental perspective will be shown. It will be done by presenting the motivation behind its creation, its theoretical foundation and how it explains the mentioned current experimental data. The result from this work is a proof that in the further MCA development, quantities like particles or fields have to find a new image in which they are created by the speed of light. The conclusion from this work is that the mentioned development can create a theory for all interactions. Moreover, such a theory will have a practical value. Namely, by using this theory, the “disappearing” matter in the visible world will be available by changing into dark matter. This, together with the fact that the current dark matter models do not yield any significance outcomes, is a proof that such a development is at least worth considering.
Werte-geleitetes Handeln in der Sozialen Arbeit
Authors: Sonnenberg Kristin
Published: April 2019

Professionelle Soziale Arbeit umfasst Wissen, Handlungskompetenz und eine berufliche Haltung. Sie orientiert sich an berufspolitischen, fachwissenschaftlichen und ethischen Standards. Eine wertorientierte Haltung ist notwendige Grundlage für verantwortungsvolles Handeln von Sozialarbeiter/-innen in der Praxis. Die Auseinandersetzung mit eigenen Werten sowie mit denen von Klienten und Klientinnen ermöglicht eine kritische Reflexionsfähigkeit. Dies kann zur Selbstvergewisserung und Selbstsorge beitragen und die Entwicklung einer beruflichen Identität fördern. Beispielhaft werden im vorliegenden Beitrag folgende Impulse aus der Wertepluralität betrachtet: Spiritualität; der Einfluss christlicher Werte wie Glaube, Liebe und Vertrauen; humanistische Werte, die zu einem Verständnis von dialogischer Bildung sowie zur subjektiven Deutung von Wirklichkeit führen; Gerechtigkeit und soziale Verantwortung und ökonomische Werte als Kontextfaktoren. Abschließend wird argumentiert, dass die Funktion von Werten sich zusammenfassen lässt als wertvoll für die Berufsidentität, Unterstützung bei professionellen Handlungen und den Schutz der Klienten und Klientinnen. Innere Reflexionsbereitschaft und kritische Reflexionsfähigkeit tragen zu einer Erweiterung und Stärkung der Handlungskompetenz von Sozialarbeiter/-innen bei, um im Alltag, in Konfliktsituationen und ethischen Dilemmata bestmögliche Entscheidungen zu treffen.
Cultural Techniques, Media History, and the Art of Poetry: T.S. Eliot’sFour Quartets
Authors: Haekel Ralf
Published: April 2019

This article investigates literature from the vantage point of media theory. The text I analyse and use as my example is T.S. Eliot’sFour Quartets, a highly philosophical and self-reflexive poem which is, however, not explicitly concerned with new media technology or the transmission, storage, and processing of information. Cultural techniques, media theory, and network theory will serve as the theoretical background against which I will flesh out the non-technological and philosophical implications of mediation as discussed and theorised in the poem itself. Thus, the main aim will be to foreground the work’s own aesthetic foundations as media theory or, more precisely, as a theory of mediation depending on a set of cultural techniques. In order to achieve this, the article looks at literature as a medium that reflects on its dependence on a material entity and on its place within a diachronic and synchronic media network.
Sr4Pt10In21 – the first representative of the Ho4Ni10In21 type with a divalent cation
Authors: Heying Birgit , Kösters Jutta , Pöttgen Rainer
Published: April 2019

Rod-shaped single crystals of Sr4Pt10In21 were prepared from the elements in glassy-carbon crucibles in a high-frequency furnace. The structure of Sr4Pt10In21 was refined from single-crystal X-ray diffractometer data: C2/m, Ho4Ni10Ga21 type, a = 2322.62(7), b = 450.27(2), c = 1958.09(7) pm, β = 133.191(3)°, wR = 0.0464, 3200 F
2 values and 107 variables. The three-dimensional [Pt10In21]δ− polyanionic network is stabilized through substantial Pt–In (269–313 pm Pt–In) and In–In (294–362 pm In–In) bonding. All platinum atoms have slightly distorted tri-capped trigonal prismatic coordination and the two crystallographically independent strontium atoms are located in penta-capped pentagonal prisms.
An Efficient Ultrasonic-Assisted Synthesis and Nonlinear Optical Property of Donor (D) -π-Acceptor (A) Chalcone (DDFP)
Authors: Razvi M. A. N. , Afzal S. M. , Khan Salman A. , Bakry Ahmed H.
Published: April 2019

3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2,5-dimethylfuran-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (DDFP), is prepared by the equimolar ratio of 1-(2,5-dimethylfuran)ethan-1-one and 3,4, dimethoxy benzaldehyde under ultrasonic irradiation. Structure of DDFP was established by the FT-IR, 1H and 13C-NMR spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. The nonlinear optical properties of this dye using the z-scan technique with a cw argon ion laser at 514.5 nm are studied. Both the closed and open aperture z-scan data is used to estimate the nonlinear refractive index n2 and the nonlinear absorption coefficient β respectively. The measurements are carried out at five concentrations as well as at five laser powers. The values obtained are relatively very high and vary linearly with concentration. The studies on optical limiting behavior of this dye are also reported here.
Pain Provocation and the Energy Cost of Walking: A Matched Comparison Study of Older Adults With and Without Chronic Low Back Pain With Radiculopathy
Authors: Coyle Peter C. , Pugliese Jenifer M. , Sions J. Megan , Eskander Mark S. , Schrack Jennifer A. , Hicks Gregory E.
Published: April 2019

Background and Purpose:

Chronic low back pain with radiculopathy (CLBPR) is common among older adults and can lead to walking difficulty. Energy cost of walking strongly predicts changes in walking speed, which is predictive of mortality in older adults. The purposes of this study were to examine (1) the impact of pain provocation on the energy cost of walking and (2) the relationship between pain intensity and change in energy cost of walking.

Methods:

Older adults (60-85 years) with (n = 20) and without (n = 20) CLBPR were matched on age, sex, and diabetes presence/absence. Energy cost of walking was measured with a portable metabolic gas analyzer, as participants walked for 20 minutes or less. Energy cost and pain measurements occurred during early and late stages of walking. Percent change in energy cost was calculated. Participants were grouped by their pain response during walking: increased pain (n = 13); consistent pain (n = 7); no pain, matched to individuals with increased pain (n = 13); and no pain, matched to individuals with consistent pain (n = 7). We examined the within-groups change in energy cost for all groups, as well as the relationship between late-stage pain intensity and percent change of energy cost for individuals whose pain increased.

Results and Discussion:

Within the increased pain group, energy cost of walking significantly increased from early to late stages (median change = 0.003 mL/kg/m, P = .006), and late-stage pain intensity explained 41.2% (p = 0.040) of the variance in percent change. Since pain appears to be linked to energy cost, effective pain management with walking may be an important factor in preventing mobility decline.

Conclusions:

Among older adults with CLBPR, pain provocation drives increases in the energy cost of walking. Because high energy cost of walking is predictive of mobility decline, clinicians may focus on effective pain management strategies during walking, which may potentially decrease the risk of mobility decline.
Uzbekistan as a Mirror of Change in Central Asia
Authors: Biryukov Sergey V.
Published: April 2019

Central Asia is anticipating a transformation related to the need for further multifaceted modernization. However, different conditions dictate different strategies. The development model of Uzbekistan was mostly defined by Islam Karimov, whose death marked the beginning of profound changes associated with the transformation of the sultanistic regime.
Industrial Soundscape between Fiction and Documentary Film in Italy’s Long 1960s
Authors: Cecchi Alessandro
Published: April 2019

During the long 1960s, which includes the culminating phase of the “economic miracle” and the beginning of the protest movement in 1968, the industrial imagination took forceful hold of the collective mind of the Italian people. While corporate films adopted the rhetoric of industrial progress, feature films offered a negative view of industrialization and underlined its problematic aspects: the exploitation of the working class, class struggle, alienation, pollution, the role of criminal enterprise. In both cases music and sound profoundly influenced the representation of the industrial contexts. Corporate films had a tendency to extol the virtues of labor and industrial production and used music extensively to this end. The wide circulation of these films in this period encouraged a critical approach to industrial contexts from feature film directors: in their films music and sound offered critical readings during the industrial sequences: they posed questions, encouraged ironic or tragic reflection, or gave the sequences grotesque or sinister overtones. This article analyzes film music and sound options in feature films against a backdrop of corporate film communication in order to trace the history of industrial imagination in Italian cinema.
Developing the Comprehensive Medical Professionalism Assessment Scale
Authors: Yamamoto Takeshi , Kawaguchi Akito , Otsuka Yoshinori
Published: April 2019

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Background: There has been an increasing number of articles that have studied the topic of medical professionalism. The aims of this study were to develop a scale of medical professionalism. Methods: The concepts of medical professionalism as defined by associations and groups of physicians, nurses and physiotherapists were investigated. The surveys using self-administered questionnaires were conducted on students and junior residents. An exploratory factor analysis, calculation of the coefficient alpha, and correlation coefficients with other scales were performed. Results:A factor analysis resulted in the extraction of 30 items in 7 factors as items of the Level 1 scale for pre-clinical level students. The correlation coefficients between the scores for the 7 factors and KiSS-18 were in the range of 0.23 - 0.76. The coefficient alpha of all 30 items was 0.90. A factor analysis resulted in the extraction of 31 items in 8 factors from the Level 2 scale for students at the time of graduation. The correlation coefficient between the scores for the 8 factor and "Reflective skills" of the P-MEX was 0.31 - 0.59. The coefficient alpha for all 30 items was 0.93. Conclusion: Construct validity, criterion-related validity and reliability were generally confirmed for the two scales.
Prevención y diagnóstico veterinario de la tuberculosis bovina. Una revisión de las tendencias globales
Authors: Domínguez-Odio Aníbal , González-Marrero Isbel , Toirac-Proenza Raiselys , Rodríguez-Coipel Yudit
Published: April 2019

Introducción: la tuberculosis bovina (TBb) causada por Mycobacterium bovis es una enfermedad bacteriana grave, crónica, reemergente y zoonótica. Afecta a la producción pecuaria, así como a los animales silvestres y afectivos. En los hatos bovinos provoca sustanciales pérdidas económicas relacionadas con las medidas sanitarias para su control, e importantes restricciones comerciales a los productos derivados. Dado que las estrategias de prevención y control deben actualizarse con relación a los desarrollos científicos se realizó el estudio para presentar los avances y tendencias científico-tecnológicas alrededor de las estrategias sanitarias para el control de la TBb.

Metodología: Se realizó una amplia consulta de artículos originales y de revisión, sobre vacunas y diagnóstico de TBb entre los años 2002 y 2017, en las bases de datos MEDLINE/PubMed, EBSCO y SciELO.

Resultados: se encontró una activa y consistente acción internacional orientada a explorar formulaciones vacunales y avances en herramientas diagnósticas robustas. No se reportaron avances importantes en el desarrollo de inmunógenos para el ganado bovino. Tampoco se reportó una prueba con altos valores de sensibilidad (Se) y especificidad (Es) para el diagnóstico poblacional de la enfermedad.

Conclusiones: se estima que los adelantos científicos y tecnológicos obtenidos durante los últimos años, no necesariamente van a contribuir por el momento, con el éxito de los programas nacionales de control y erradicación de la TBb. Por lo tanto, en este contexto la priorización de un abordaje integral que considere las realidades de cada región o país, dentro del concepto “Una sola salud”, el empleo combinado y estratégico de los sistemas diagnósticos el firme compromiso político de los gobiernos y la cooperación internacional son indispensables para avanzar en la lucha contra esta enfermedad.
Bienes intelectuales de naturaleza sui generis: los conocimientos tradicionales del sector agrícola. Protección internacional
Authors: Acea-Valdés Yeney
Published: April 2019

Tema y alcance: los conocimientos tradicionales son saberes y experienciasque se transmiten entre generaciones o resultan de losprocesos de creación y experimentación. La variedad de estos conocimientosremarcan la complejidad en torno a su reconocimientolegal. Características: en este orden, los conocimientos tradicionalesdel terreno agrícola constituyen bienes inmateriales de preciado valor.Son, sin duda alguna, la solución necesaria y perentoria ante la escasezo la ausencia de recursos. Asimismo, se relacionan con otras categoríastales como sostenibilidad ambiental y desarrollo local, elementos querefuerzan su importancia y valía en los tiempos modernos. Conclusiones:el epicentro del presente artículo es el análisis de los conocimientostradicionales agrícolas. En este sentido, se caracteriza la instituciónen función de su delimitación conceptual y naturaleza jurídica. Conigual atención, se desarrolla una valoración del régimen actual deprotección en el marco de organismos e instrumentos internacionales.
Tratamiento legal de las tradicionales uniones de hecho y tercer género
Authors: Muñoz- Catalán Elisa
Published: April 2019

Introducción: en nuestros días, analizar el fundamento legal de las tan frecuentes uniones de hecho, el origen de este tipo de prácticas y sus consecuencias para el ordenamiento jurídico supone profundizar en un ámbito algo desconocido si tenemos presente que nos encontramos en una época de posible crisis en la familia tradicional. Metodología:por tal razón, investigaremos cómo la ausencia de los presupuestos básicos, especialmente la capacidad jurídica o conubium, incidía en las relaciones extramaritales y cuál fue, en suma, la razón de ser de las prohibiciones al llamado desde la Roma clásica como iustum matrimonium frente al matrimonio legítimo. Resultados: defenderemos seis criterios para agrupar el gran número de uniones extramatrimoniales que se sucedieron, destacando: el concubinato, el contubernio, la homosexualidad, el matrimonio incestuoso, simulado o entre ausentes, las uniones con sujetos que carecían de capacidad física, el adulterio o la prostitución. Conclusiones: se concluye con una breve mención a la inflencia ideológica de los emperadores, el cristianismo y lanormativa sobre relaciones intersexuales y tercer género, aprobada recientemente en Europa.
Justicia después de la guerra
Authors: Ohlin Jens David , Ulrich Trad.William
Published: April 2019

Concluidas las hostilidades, ya sean o no conflictos armados formales, las partes deben rendir cuentas por su proceder. Este sentimiento es casi universalmente compartido, independientemente de la propia estructura moral o ética que tengan, aunque los detalles de esta responsabilidad son profundamente controversiales y discutidas. En la Sección 2 de este breve artículo ofrece una base normativa para la justicia después de la guerra que apela a la norma contra la impunidad. Se concluye que los procesos penales, en oposición a los mecanismos no penales, mejor reivindican la norma contra la impunidad. A la luz de esta conclusión la Sección 3 se hace la pregunta ¿cómo debemos alcanzar la justicia después de la guerra? ¿Quién debe ser llevado a juicio? (líderes o soldados de infantería), que instancias deben juzgarlos (los tribunales nacionales o internacionales), que los delitos que se deben imputar (delitos de tipo nacional o crímenes internacionales), los procedimientos que deben seguirse en los juicios, y, ¿cómo? (y por qué) deben ser castigados.
Perspectivas filosóficas de los valores superiores. Un intento de redefinición como identidad y patrimonio de los pueblos
Authors: Galbán - Rodríguez Liuba Galbán - Rodríguez , Rodríguez - Matos Neris
Published: April 2019

Propósito: ofrecer una redefinición de los valores constitucionales, considerándolos como parte de la identidad y el patrimonio intangible de los pueblos, producto de condicionantes históricas, políticas, económicas y socio-culturales concretas. Descripción: se desarrolla una breve retrospectiva de las principales concepciones de los valores en el pensamiento iusfilosófico, se responden interrogantes tales como si el reconocimiento de valores por las constituciones es producto del azar histórico, por qué tienen el apelativo de “superiores” o “supremos” del ordenamiento jurídico, si forman o no parte del Derecho positivo, cuál es su relación con los derechos y si es suficiente con su reconocimiento constitucional para lograr su efectiva realización en la sociedad. Punto de vista: los valores reconocidos en las constituciones expresan ideologías, ideales, aspiraciones, son reflejos de pensamientos sociales, políticos, iusfilosóficos e irradian a todos los órdenes derivados de la Constitución. Conclusiones: los valores superiores son parte de la identidad y del patrimonio intangible de los pueblos, especialmente cuando su reconocimiento es producto de procesos constituyentes democráticos, cuentan con la supremacía jerárquica de la fuente de dónde provienen, forman parte del derecho positivo y pueden ser directamente invocables, interpretables y aplicables.