bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribution Characteristics of Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids in Reclaimed Soil Filled with Fly Ash: A Study
Authors: Zheng Yonghong , Wu Yue , Zhang Zhiguo , Chen Fangling , Ma Qingbin , Kong Zihao , Ma Ying
Published: April 2024

This study aims to assess the contents of different kinds of low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) in reclaimed soil filled with fly ash in the Huainan mining area in China using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Using a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% phosphoric acid and acetonitrile in a volume ratio of 98:2, the detection was performed at a wavelength of 210 nm for 15 min. In addition, a cluster analysis was performed on the detected LMWOAs in the reclaimed soil. The correlations between the LMWOA and nutrient contents in the reclaimed soil were also analyzed. In total, eight and seven LMWOAs were detected in the reclaimed soil and filled fly ash, respectively. In contrast, no LMWOAs were detected in the fresh fly ash from a thermal power plant. The order of total LMWOA contents at different sampling points followed the order of farmland control soil > 1# (Triticum aestivum) > 4# (Phragmites australis) > 5# (Vigna radiata) > 2# (Sorghum bicolor) > 3# (Tamarix ramosissima) > fly ash-filled soil. The farmland control soil and fly ash-filled soil exhibited the highest and lowest LMWOA contents of 648.22 and 85.09 μg·g−1, respectively. The LMWOA contents in the reclaimed soil followed the order of oxalic acid > tartaric acid > malonic acid > lactic acid > acetic acid > citric acid > propionic acid > succinic acid. Indeed, oxalic acids exhibited the highest total amount of 1445.79 μg·g−1 and succinic acids exhibited the lowest total amount of 6.50 μg·g−1. The LMWOA contents in the reclaimed soil decreased with increasing soil depth, showing statistically significant differences between the 0–10 and 10–40 cm soil layers (p < 0.05). According to the obtained clustering results, the detected LMWOAs can be divided into two categories. The first category consisted of oxalic acid, while the second category included the remaining LMWOAs. The soil LMWOA contents of 4# (Phragmites australis) and 5# (Vigna radiata) were significantly different from those at the other sampling points. According to the Pearson correlation analysis results, the occurrence and characteristics of the soil LMWOAs can be controlled by regulating the pH values and available nutrient contents in the soil, thereby improving the eco-environmental conditions of the reclaimed rhizosphere.
Analysis of Binding Modes between Three Perfluorosulfonates and GPER Based on Computational Simulation and Multiple Spectral Methods
Authors: Liang Wenhui , Chen Yanting , Wei Yuchen , Song Zeyu , Li Cancan , Zheng Yanhong , Yi Zhongsheng
Published: April 2024

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) belong to a significant category of global environmental pollutants. Investigating the toxicological effects of PFCs within biological systems is of critical significance in various disciplines such as life sciences, environmental science, chemistry, and ecotoxicology. In this study, under simulated human physiological conditions (pH = 7.4), a combination of multiple spectroscopic techniques and computational simulations was employed to investigate the impact of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) on the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). Additionally, the research focused on exploring the binding modes and toxicological mechanisms between PFCs and GPER at the molecular level. All three perfluorinated sulfonic acids (PFSAs) can induce quenching of GPER fluorescence through static quenching and non-radiative energy transfer. Steady-state fluorescence calculations at different temperatures revealed apparent binding constants in the order of 106, confirming a strong binding affinity between the three PFSAs and GPER. Molecular docking studies indicated that the binding sites of PFSAs are located within the largest hydrophobic cavity in the head region of GPER, where they can engage in hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with amino acid residues within the cavity. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, three-dimensional fluorescence, and molecular dynamics simulations collectively indicate that proteins become more stable upon binding with small molecules. There is an overall increase in hydrophobicity, and alterations in the secondary structure of the protein are observed. This study deepens the comprehension of the effects of PFCs on the endocrine system, aiding in evaluating their potential impact on human health. It provides a basis for policy-making and environmental management while also offering insights for developing new pollution monitoring methods and drug therapies.
An Algoclay-Based Decontaminant Decreases Exposure to Aflatoxin B1, Ochratoxin A, and Deoxynivalenol in a Toxicokinetic Model, as well as Supports Intestinal Morphology, and Decreases Liver Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens Fed a Diet Naturally Contaminated with Deoxynivalenol
Authors: Gallissot Marie , Rodriguez Maria A. , Devreese Mathias , Van herteryck Isis , Molist Francesc , Santos Regiane R.
Published: April 2024

The aims of this study were (i) to determine the effect of an algoclay-based decontaminant on the oral availability of three mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol; DON, ochratoxin A; OTA, and aflatoxin B1; AFB1) using an oral bolus model and (ii) to determine the effect of this decontaminant on the performance, intestinal morphology, liver oxidative stress, and metabolism, in broiler chickens fed a diet naturally contaminated with DON. In experiment 1, sixteen 27-day-old male chickens (approximately 1.6 kg body weight; BW) were fasted for 12 h and then given a bolus containing either the mycotoxins (0.5 mg DON/kg BW, 0.25 mg OTA/kg BW, and 2.0 mg AFB1/kg BW) alone (n = 8) or combined with the decontaminant (2.5 g decontaminant/kg feed; circa 240 mg/kg BW) (n = 8). Blood samples were taken between 0 h (before bolus administration) and 24 h post-administration for DON-3-sulphate, OTA, and AFB1 quantification in plasma. The algoclay decontaminant decreased the relative oral bioavailability of DON (39.9%), OTA (44.3%), and AFB1 (64.1%). In experiment 2, one-day-old male Ross broilers (n = 600) were divided into three treatments with ten replicates. Each replicate was a pen with 20 birds. The broiler chickens were fed a control diet with negligible levels of DON (0.19–0.25 mg/kg) or diets naturally contaminated with moderate levels of DON (2.60–2.91 mg/kg), either supplemented or not with an algoclay-based decontaminant (2 g/kg diet). Jejunum villus damage was observed on day 28, followed by villus shortening on d37 in broiler chickens fed the DON-contaminated diet. This negative effect was not observed when the DON-contaminated diet was supplemented with the algoclay-based decontaminant. On d37, the mRNA expression of glutathione synthetase was significantly increased in the liver of broiler chickens fed the DON-contaminated diet. However, its expression was similar to the control when the birds were fed the DON-contaminated diet supplemented with the algoclay-based decontaminant. In conclusion, the algoclay-based decontaminant reduced the systemic exposure of broiler chickens to DON, OTA, and AFB1 in a single oral bolus model. This can be attributed to the binding of the mycotoxins in the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, dietary contamination with DON at levels between 2.69 and 2.91 mg/kg did not impair production performance but had a negative impact on broiler chicken intestinal morphology and the liver redox system. When the algoclay-based decontaminant was added to the diet, the harm caused by DON was no longer observed. This correlates with the results obtained in the toxicokinetic assay and can be attributed to a decreased absorption of DON.
Cosmological Test of an Ultraviolet Origin of Dark Energy
Authors: Christiansen Hans , Takács Bence , Hansen Steen H.
Published: April 2024

The accelerated expansion of the Universe is impressively well described by a cosmological constant. However, the observed value of the cosmological constant is much smaller than expected based on quantum field theories. Recent efforts to achieve consistency in these theories have proposed a relationship between Dark Energy and the most compact objects, such as black holes (BHs). However, experimental tests are very challenging to devise and perform. In this article, we present a testable model with no cosmological constant in which the accelerated expansion can be driven by black holes. The model couples the expansion of the Universe (the Friedmann equation) with the mass function of cosmological halos (using the Press–Schechter formalism). Through the observed link between halo masses and BH masses, one thus gets a coupling between the expansion rate of the Universe and the BHs. We compare the predictions of this simple BH model with SN1a data and find poor agreement with observations. Our method is sufficiently general to allow us to also test a fundamentally different model, also without a cosmological constant, where the accelerated expansion is driven by a new force proportional to the internal velocity dispersion of galaxies. Surprisingly enough, this model cannot be excluded using the SN1a data.
Changes in and Recovery of the Turbulence Properties in the Magnetosheath for Different Solar Wind Streams
Authors: Rakhmanova Liudmila , Khokhlachev Alexander , Riazantseva Maria , Yermolaev Yuri , Zastenker Georgy
Published: April 2024

Solar wind is known to have different properties depending on its origin at the Sun. In addition to the differences in plasma and magnetic field parameters, these streams differ due to the properties of turbulent fluctuations involved in the flow. The present study addresses the changes in the turbulence properties in the magnetosheath—the transition region in front of the magnetosphere. This study is based on statistics from the simultaneous measurements of magnetic field fluctuations in the solar wind and in the magnetosheath. Both the dayside and flank magnetosheath regions are focused on to detect the evolution of the turbulent fluctuations during their flow around the magnetosphere. Turbulent cascade is shown to save its properties for fast solar wind streams. Conditions favorable for the preservation of the turbulence properties at the bow shock may correspond to the increased geoefficiency of large-scale solar wind structures.
Post-Transcriptional HIV-1 Latency: A Promising Target for Therapy?
Authors: Kobayashi-Ishihara Mie , Tsunetsugu-Yokota Yasuko
Published: April 2024

Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) latency represents a significant hurdle in finding a cure for HIV-1 infections, despite tireless research efforts. This challenge is partly attributed to the intricate nature of HIV-1 latency, wherein various host and viral factors participate in multiple physiological processes. While substantial progress has been made in discovering therapeutic targets for HIV-1 transcription, targets for the post-transcriptional regulation of HIV-1 infections have received less attention. However, cumulative evidence now suggests the pivotal contribution of post-transcriptional regulation to the viral latency in both in vitro models and infected individuals. In this review, we explore recent insights on post-transcriptional latency in HIV-1 and discuss the potential of its therapeutic targets, illustrating some host factors that restrict HIV-1 at the post-transcriptional level.
The Role of the Host Cytoskeleton in the Formation and Dynamics of Rotavirus Viroplasms
Authors: Vetter Janine , Lee Melissa , Eichwald Catherine
Published: April 2024

Rotavirus (RV) replicates within viroplasms, membraneless electron-dense globular cytosolic inclusions with liquid–liquid phase properties. In these structures occur the virus transcription, replication, and packaging of the virus genome in newly assembled double-layered particles. The viroplasms are composed of virus proteins (NSP2, NSP5, NSP4, VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP6), single- and double-stranded virus RNAs, and host components such as microtubules, perilipin-1, and chaperonins. The formation, coalescence, maintenance, and perinuclear localization of viroplasms rely on their association with the cytoskeleton. A stabilized microtubule network involving microtubules and kinesin Eg5 and dynein molecular motors is associated with NSP5, NSP2, and VP2, facilitating dynamic processes such as viroplasm coalescence and perinuclear localization. Key post-translation modifications, particularly phosphorylation events of RV proteins NSP5 and NSP2, play pivotal roles in orchestrating these interactions. Actin filaments also contribute, triggering the formation of the viroplasms through the association of soluble cytosolic VP4 with actin and the molecular motor myosin. This review explores the evolving understanding of RV replication, emphasizing the host requirements essential for viroplasm formation and highlighting their dynamic interplay within the host cell.
Identification of HLA-A*11:01 and A*02:01-Restricted EBV Peptides Using HLA Peptidomics
Authors: Wang Yufei , Zhang Wanlin , Shi Ruona , Luo Yanran , Feng Zhenhuan , Chen Yanhong , Zhang Qiuting , Zhou Yan , Liang Jingtong , Ye Xiaoping , Feng Qisheng , Zhang Xiaofei , Xu Miao
Published: April 2024

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is closely linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), notably prevalent in southern China. Although type II latency of EBV plays a crucial role in the development of NPC, some lytic genes and intermittent reactivation are also critical for viral propagation and tumor progression. Since T cell-mediated immunity is effective in targeted killing of EBV-positive cells, it is important to identify EBV-derived peptides presented by highly prevalent human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) molecules throughout the EBV life cycle. Here, we constructed an EBV-positive NPC cell model to evaluate the presentation of EBV lytic phase peptides on streptavidin-tagged specific HLA-I molecules. Utilizing a mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based immunopeptidomic approach, we characterized eleven novel EBV peptides as well as two previously identified peptides. Furthermore, we determined these peptides were immunogenic and could stimulate PBMCs from EBV VCA/NA-IgA positive donors in an NPC endemic southern Chinese population. Overall, this work demonstrates that highly prevalent HLA-I-specific EBV peptides can be captured and functionally presented to elicit immune responses in an in vitro model, which provides insight into the epitopes presented during EBV lytic cycle and reactivation. It expands the range of viral targets for potential NPC early diagnosis and treatment.
HIV-1 Capsid Rapidly Induces Long-Lived CPSF6 Puncta in Non-Dividing Cells, but Similar Puncta Already Exist in Uninfected T-Cells
Authors: Guedán Anabel , Burley Megan , Caroe Eve R. , Bishop Kate N.
Published: April 2024

The HIV-1 capsid (CA) protein forms the outer shell of the viral core that is released into the cytoplasm upon infection. CA binds various cellular proteins, including CPSF6, that direct HIV-1 integration into speckle-associated domains in host chromatin. Upon HIV-1 infection, CPSF6 forms puncta in the nucleus. Here, we characterised these CPSF6 puncta further in HeLa cells, T-cells and macrophages and confirmed that integration and reverse transcription are not required for puncta formation. Indeed, we found that puncta formed very rapidly after infection, correlating with the time that CA entered the nucleus. In aphidicolin-treated HeLa cells and macrophages, puncta were detected for the length of the experiment, suggesting that puncta are only lost upon cell division. CA still co-localised with CPSF6 puncta at the latest time points, considerably after the peak of reverse transcription and integration. Intriguingly, the number of puncta induced in macrophages did not correlate with the MOI or the total number of nuclear speckles present in each cell, suggesting that CA/CPSF6 is only directed to a few nuclear speckles. Furthermore, we found that CPSF6 already co-localised with nuclear speckles in uninfected T-cells, suggesting that HIV-1 promotes a natural behaviour of CPSF6.
Towards Understanding and Identification of Human Viral Co-Infections
Authors: Wu Hui , Zhou Hang-Yu , Zheng Heng , Wu Aiping
Published: April 2024

Viral co-infections, in which a host is infected with multiple viruses simultaneously, are common in the human population. Human viral co-infections can lead to complex interactions between the viruses and the host immune system, affecting the clinical outcome and posing challenges for treatment. Understanding the types, mechanisms, impacts, and identification methods of human viral co-infections is crucial for the prevention and control of viral diseases. In this review, we first introduce the significance of studying human viral co-infections and summarize the current research progress and gaps in this field. We then classify human viral co-infections into four types based on the pathogenic properties and species of the viruses involved. Next, we discuss the molecular mechanisms of viral co-infections, focusing on virus–virus interactions, host immune responses, and clinical manifestations. We also summarize the experimental and computational methods for the identification of viral co-infections, emphasizing the latest advances in high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics approaches. Finally, we highlight the challenges and future directions in human viral co-infection research, aiming to provide new insights and strategies for the prevention, control, diagnosis, and treatment of viral diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge and future perspectives on human viral co-infections and underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to address this complex and important topic.
Human Papillomavirus and Associated Cancers: A Review
Authors: Jensen JaNiese E. , Becker Greta L. , Jackson J. Brooks , Rysavy Mary B.
Published: April 2024

The human papillomavirus is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the world. Most HPV infections clear spontaneously within 2 years of infection; however, persistent infection can result in a wide array of diseases, ranging from genital warts to cancer. Most cases of cervical, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers are due to HPV infection, with cervical cancer being one of the leading causes of cancer death in women worldwide. Screening is available for HPV and cervical cancer, but is not available everywhere, particularly in lower-resource settings. HPV infection disproportionally affects individuals living with HIV, resulting in decreased clearance, increased development of cancer, and increased mortality. The development of the HPV vaccine has shown a drastic decrease in HPV-related diseases. The vaccine prevents cervical cancer with near 100% efficacy, if given prior to first sexual activity. Vaccination uptake remains low worldwide due to a lack of access and limited knowledge of HPV. Increasing awareness of HPV and access to vaccination are necessary to decrease cancer and HPV-related morbidity and mortality worldwide.
Hepatitis E Virus in Domestic Ruminants and Virus Excretion in Milk—A Potential Source of Zoonotic HEV Infection
Authors: Zahmanova Gergana , Takova Katerina , Lukov Georgi L. , Andonov Anton
Published: April 2024

The hepatitis E virus is a serious health concern worldwide, with 20 million cases each year. Growing numbers of autochthonous HEV infections in industrialized nations are brought on via the zoonotic transmission of HEV genotypes 3 and 4. Pigs and wild boars are the main animal reservoirs of HEV and play the primary role in HEV transmission. Consumption of raw or undercooked pork meat and close contact with infected animals are the most common causes of hepatitis E infection in industrialized countries. However, during the past few years, mounting data describing HEV distribution has led experts to believe that additional animals, particularly domestic ruminant species (cow, goat, sheep, deer, buffalo, and yak), may also play a role in the spreading of HEV. Up to now, there have not been enough studies focused on HEV infections associated with animal milk and the impact that they could have on the epidemiology of HEV. This critical analysis discusses the role of domestic ruminants in zoonotic HEV transmissions. More specifically, we focus on concerns related to milk safety, the role of mixed farming in cross-species HEV infections, and what potential consequences these may have on public health.
Development of Attenuated Viruses for Effective Protection against Pepper Veinal Mottle Virus in Tomato Crops
Authors: Wang Guan-Da , Lin Chian-Chi , Chen Tsung-Chi
Published: April 2024

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is the most important vegetable and fruit crop in the family Solanaceae worldwide. Numerous pests and pathogens, especially viruses, severely affect tomato production, causing immeasurable market losses. In Taiwan, the cultivation of tomato crops is mainly threatened by insect-borne viruses, among which pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV) is one of the most prevalent. PVMV is a member of the genus Potyvirus of the family Potyviridae and is non-persistently transmitted by aphids. Its infection significantly reduces tomato fruit yield and quality. So far, no PVMV-resistant tomato lines are available. In this study, we performed nitrite-induced mutagenesis of the PVMV tomato isolate Tn to generate attenuated PVMV mutants. PVMV Tn causes necrotic lesions in Chenopodium quinoa leaves and severe mosaic and wilting in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. After nitrite treatment, three attenuated PVMV mutants, m4-8, m10-1, and m10-11, were selected while inducing milder responses to C. quinoa and N. benthamiana with lower accumulation in tomato plants. In greenhouse tests, the three mutants showed different degrees of cross-protection against wild-type PVMV Tn. m4-8 showed the highest protective efficacy against PVMV Tn in N. benthamiana and tomato plants, 100% and 97.9%, respectively. A whole-genome sequence comparison of PVMV Tn and m4-8 revealed that 20 nucleotide substitutions occurred in the m4-8 genome, resulting in 18 amino acid changes. Our results suggest that m4-8 has excellent potential to protect tomato crops from PVMV. The application of m4-8 in protecting other Solanaceae crops, such as peppers, will be studied in the future.
Deletion of 82–85 N-Terminal Residues in SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 Restricts Virus Replication
Authors: Gori Savellini Gianni , Anichini Gabriele , Manetti Fabrizio , Trivisani Claudia Immacolata , Cusi Maria Grazia
Published: April 2024

Non-structural protein 1 (Nsp1) represents one of the most crucial SARS-CoV-2 virulence factors by inhibiting the translation of host mRNAs and promoting their degradation. We selected naturally occurring virus lineages with specific Nsp1 deletions located at both the N- and C-terminus of the protein. Our data provide new insights into how Nsp1 coordinates these functions on host and viral mRNA recognition. Residues 82–85 in the N-terminal part of Nsp1 likely play a role in docking the 40S mRNA entry channel, preserving the inhibition of host gene expression without affecting cellular mRNA decay. Furthermore, this domain prevents viral mRNAs containing the 5′-leader sequence to escape translational repression. These findings support the presence of distinct domains within the Nsp1 protein that differentially modulate mRNA recognition, translation and turnover. These insights have implications for the development of drugs targeting viral proteins and provides new evidences of how specific mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 could attenuate the virus.
Water Value Ambivalence: A Qualitative Exploration of the Multitude of Water Values
Authors: Dieleman Lien , Geerts Robbe , Vandermoere Frédéric , Brouwer Stijn
Published: April 2024

Tap water and its pricing have predominantly interested economists, partly due to the perception of water services primarily as production processes. As a result, much of the existing literature focuses on the economic value of water, leaving the social and cultural importance of water for citizens underexplored. This study adopts a sociological lens to explore the significance of water, delving into citizens’ experiences and perceptions regarding their water usage. Applying a social practice approach to value creation, we conducted 15 in-depth interviews. The results show that although the price of tap water is a concern for people, the actual value of water extends well beyond its price. Water has direct values for citizens in their everyday lives, as well as indirect value by contributing to broader societal systems. In their everyday lives, citizens use water not so much for the sake of water itself, but in various household water practices (e.g., showering) associated with certain values: hygiene, health, relaxation, warmth, and so on. Finally, our study directs attention towards the tensions people may experience between the various values they attach to tap water and the sense of responsibility to use it prudently. Future research needs to consider this water value ambivalence when encouraging water conservation.
A Novel Method for Anomaly Detection and Signal Calibration in Water Quality Monitoring of an Urban Water Supply System
Authors: Liu Jincheng , Wu Di , Mohammed Hadi , Seidu Razak
Published: April 2024

Water quality monitoring plays a crucial role in urban water supply systems for the production of safe drinking water. However, the traditional approach to water monitoring in Norway relies on a periodic (weekly/biweekly/monthly) sampling and analysis of biological indicators, which fails to provide a timely response to changes in water quality. This research addresses this issue by proposing a data-driven solution that enhances the timeliness of water quality monitoring. Our research team applied a case study in Ålesund Kommune. A sensor platform has been deployed at Lake Brusdalsvatnet, the water source reservoir in Ålesund. This sensor module is capable of collecting data for 10 different physico-chemical indicators of water quality. Leveraging this sensor platform, we developed a CNN-AutoEncoder-SOM solution to automatically monitor, process, and evaluate water quality evolution in the lake. There are three components in this solution. The first one focuses on anomaly detection. We employed a recurrence map to encode the temporal dynamics and sensor correlations, which were then fed into a convolutional neural network (CNN) for classification. It is noted that this network achieved an impressive accuracy of up to 99.6%. Once an anomaly is detected, the data are calibrated in the second component using an AutoEncoder-based network. Since true values for calibration are unavailable, the results are evaluated through data analysis. With high-quality calibrated data in hand, we proceeded to cluster the data into different categories to establish water quality standards in the third component, where a self-organizing map (SOM) is applied. The results revealed that this solution demonstrated significant performance, with a silhouette score of 0.73, which illustrates a small in-cluster distance and large intra-cluster distance when the water was clustered into three levels. This system not only achieved the objective of developing a comprehensive solution for continuous water quality monitoring but also offers the potential for integration with other cyber–physical systems (CPSs) in urban water management.
Novel Oxidation Strategies for the In Situ Remediation of Chlorinated Solvents from Groundwater—A Bench-Scale Study
Authors: Cano-López Alicia , Fernandez-Rojo Lidia , Pérez-Estrada Leónidas , Jou-Claus Sònia , Batriu Marta , Bosch Carme , Martínez-Lladó Xavier , Baeta Trias Joana , Mora Vilamaña Ricard , Escolà Casas Mònica , Matamoros Víctor
Published: April 2024

Industrial chlorinated solvents continue to be among the most significant issues in groundwater (GW) pollution worldwide. This study assesses the effectiveness of eight novel oxidation treatments, including persulfate (PS), ferrous sulfate, sulfidated nano-zero valent iron (S-nZVI), and potassium ferrate, along with their combinations, for the potential in situ remediation of GW polluted with chlorinated solvents (1,2-dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene). Our bench-scale results reveal that the combined addition of PS and S-nZVI can effectively eliminate trichloroethylene (10 µg/L), achieving removal rates of up to 80% and 92% within 1 h, respectively, when using synthetic GW. In the case of real GW, this combination achieved removal rates of 69, 99, and 92% for cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene, and tetrachloroethylene, respectively, within 24 h. Therefore, this proposed remediation solution resulted in a significant reduction in the environmental risk quotient, shifting it from a high-risk (1.1) to a low-risk (0.2) scenario. Furthermore, the absence of transformation products, such as vinyl chloride, suggests the suitability of employing this solution for the in situ remediation of GW polluted with chlorinated solvents.
Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Surface Water of Hefei City, Southeast China
Authors: Zhang Yu , Jiang Chuanjun , Zhang Liangpu , Cheng Hua , Wang Ning
Published: April 2024

In this work, the spatial distribution, potential sources, and risk assessment of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were investigated at 22 surface water sampling sites in Hefei City. The study encompassed 11 distinct types of PFASs, which included 7 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and 4 perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs). The findings indicated that the overall concentration of PFASs varied between 12.96 to 545.50 ng/L, with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), perfluorobutyric acid (PFBA), and perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) being the most prevalent, contributing to an average of 71% of the total PFASs concentration. Principal component analysis (PCA) elucidated the primary sources of PFASs, which included industrial emissions, fluoropolymer production and treatment, textile processing, and the impact of the electroplating industry. Employing the risk quotient (RQ) method facilitated the assessment of ecological risks associated with PFASs in surface water within the study area, suggesting that the current concentrations of PFASs in Hefei’s surface water pose a relatively low ecological risk. However, the long-term ecological effects of PFASs cannot be overlooked due to their potential for long-range transport and the cumulative nature of biological food chains.
Tubular Injury Biomarkers to Predict CKD and Hypertension at 3 Months Post-Cisplatin in Children
Authors: Huang Ryan S. , McMahon Kelly R. , Wang Stella , Chui Hayton , Lebel Asaf , Lee Jasmine , Cockovski Vedran , Rassekh Shahrad Rod , Schultz Kirk R. , Blydt-Hansen Tom D. , Cuvelier Geoffrey D.E. , Mammen Cherry , Pinsk Maury , Carleton Bruce C. , Tsuyuki Ross T. , Ross Colin J.D. , Palijan Ana , Zappitelli Michael ,   for the Applying Biomarkers to Minimize Long-Term Effects of Childhood/Adolescent Cancer Treatment (ABLE) Research Study Group
Published: April 2024

Key Points

Tubular injury biomarkers are not individually strong predictors of 3-month post-cisplatin CKD.

When combined with clinical measures, tubular injury biomarkers can predict post-therapy hypertension and identify high-risk patients.

Background

Urine kidney injury biomarkers measured during cisplatin therapy may identify patients at risk of adverse subsequent kidney outcomes. We examined relationships between tubular injury biomarkers collected early (early visit [EV]: first or second cisplatin cycle) and late (late visit: last or second-last cisplatin cycle) during cisplatin therapy, with 3-month post-cisplatin CKD and hypertension (HTN).

Methods

We analyzed data from the Applying Biomarkers to Minimize Long-Term Effects of Childhood/Adolescent Cancer Treatment Nephrotoxicity study, a 12-center prospective cohort study of 159 children receiving cisplatin. We measured urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)/creatinine, kidney injury molecule-1/creatinine, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP-7) (TIMP-2 and IGFBP-7 expressed as their product, ng/ml2/1000) at an EV and late visit during cisplatin therapy with preinfusion, postinfusion, and hospital discharge sampling. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for biomarkers to detect 3-month post-cisplatin CKD (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines: low eGFR or elevated urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio for age) and HTN (three BPs; per American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines).

Results

At median follow-up of 90 days, 52 of 118 patients (44%) and 17 of 125 patients (14%) developed CKD and HTN, respectively. Biomarker prediction for 3-month CKD was low to modest; NGAL combined with kidney injury molecule-1 at EV discharge yielded the highest AUC (0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.57 to 0.77). Biomarker prediction of 3-month HTN was stronger, but modest; the highest AUC was from combining EV preinfusion NGAL and TIMP-2×IGFBP-7 (0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.62 to 0.80). When EV preinfusion NGAL and TIMP-2×IGFBP-7 were added to the 3-month HTN clinical predictive model, AUCs increased from 0.81 (0.72 to 0.91) to 0.89 (0.83 to 0.95) (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Tubular injury biomarkers we studied were individually not strong predictors of 3-month post-cisplatin kidney outcomes. Adding biomarkers to existing clinical prediction models may help predict post-therapy HTN and identify higher kidney-risk patients.
Systematic Analysis of Speech Transcription Modeling for Reliable Assessment of Depression Severity
Authors: Kaynak Ergün Batuhan , Dibeklioğlu Hamdi
Published: April 2024

For depression severity assessment, we systematically analyze a modular deep learning pipeline that uses speech transcriptions as input for depression severity prediction. Through our pipeline, we investigate the role of popular deep learning architectures in creating representations for depression assessment. Evaluation of the proposed architectures is performed on the publicly available Extended Distress Analysis Interview Corpus dataset (E-DAIC). Through the results and discussions, we show that informative representations for depression assessment can be obtained without exploiting the temporal dynamics between descriptive text representations. More specifically, temporal pooling of latent representations outperforms the state of the art, which employs recurrent architectures, by 8.8% in terms of Concordance Correlation Coefficient (CCC).
Central Thromboangiitis Obliterans: A Case Report
Authors: Göçmen Adalet , Kaya Veysel
Published: April 2024

A 47-year-old woman had inability to speak and swallow that had started 4-5 hours ago. She had necrotic lesions in the toes of both feet and had a history of smoking. Acute and chronic ischemic lesions were diagnosed on imaging. She was diagnosed with thromboangiitis obliter-ans by digital subtraction angiography. This report discusses a rare cause of ischemic stroke and the lack of data on diagnosis and treatment.

Key Words: Buerger’s disease, Vasculitis, Stroke, Smoke, Neuroimmunology
Klavikula Cerrahisinde Klavipektoral Fasyal Plan Bloğu-İnterskalen Brakial Pleksus Bloğu- İntermediate Servikal Pleksus Bloğunun Beraber Uygulanması: Vaka Serisi
Authors: Satıcı Muhammed Halit
Published: April 2024

Klavikula cerrahisinde analjezik ve anestezik amaçlı rejyonel anestezinin kullanımı yaygınlaşmaktadır. Biz de klavikula cerrahisi geçirecek genel anestezinin problemli olabileceğini düşündüğümüz üç hastada anestezik amaçlı kombine bir şekilde uyguladığımız klavipektoral fasyal plan bloğu, intermediate servikal pleksus bloğu ve interskalen brakial pleksus bloğundaki tecrübelerimizi aktaracağız. Klavikula cerrahisinde çoğunlukla genel anestezi tercih edilirken günümüzde rejyonel anestezide yaygınlaşmaya başlamaktadır. Analjezik ve anestezik amaçlı klavipektoral fasyal plan bloğuna ek olarak uygulanan servikal pleksus bloğu ve interskalen bloğu yapılan işlemin kalitesini artırmaktadır. Klavikula cerrahisinde birlikte uygulanacak klaviopektoral fasyal plan bloğu, intermediate servikal pleksus bloğu ve interskalen brakial pleksus blok kombinasyonunun analjezik ve anestezik etki gücü çok yüksektir.
Fundamentos técnico-tácticos del voleibol: sistema de juego 5-1
Authors: Oviedo Caro Miguel Ángel , Muñoz Llerena Antonio , Ramos Munell Javier , Garrido Guzmán María Encarnación , Sañudo Corrales Francisco de Borja , Sánchez Trigo Francisco Horacio , González Campos Gloria , Domínguez Herrera Raúl , Sánchez Oliver Antonio Jesús , Carnero Díaz Ángel , Campos Mesa María del Carmen , Moral García José Enrique , Flores Aguilar Gonzalo , López Moral Álvaro , Fernández Echeverría Carmen
Published: April 2024

El presente proyecto de recurso docente pretende la implementación de experiencias inmersivas basadas en la realidad virtual, mediante la visualización de videos 360, en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los fundamentos técnico-tácticos del Voleibol.

La literatura científica destaca que el uso de la realidad virtual mediante videos 360 permite una inmersión del jugador en el ambiente de juego, aumentando potencialmente el realismo de la experiencia de entrenamiento al proporcionar información visual representativa de las experiencias competitivas, que permiten beneficiar el diagnóstico de la toma de decisiones y las habilidades de anticipación en el desarrollo de habilidades técnicas y tácticas.

En el desarrollo del juego del Voleibol, existen diferentes sistemas de juego que permiten una distribución eficiente y coherente de las tareas a desarrollar por los jugadores durante el desarrollo del juego. El sistema de juego 5-1, es un sistema de juego caracterizado por la utilización de un colocador, a diferencia de otros sistemas de juego que utilizan dos colocadores, lo que permite la utilización de un tercer jugador (denominado como opuesto) en el ataque para dificultar la acción del bloqueo rival. Este sistema de juego, a diferencia de los sistemas de juego que utilizan dos colocadores, establece una marcada diferencia entre las seis rotaciones, principalmente entre aquellas en las que el colocador tiene una posición zaguera respecto a aquellas en las que el colocador tiene una posición delantera. Por ello, el entendimiento de los desplazamientos, penetraciones y permutas requeridas por este sistema de juego en la implementación de los sistemas tácticos de recepción, ataque, defensa y cobertura, es fundamental y supone de una complejidad mayor comparada con los otros sistemas de juego.
Perbedaan Pengetahuan Perawat IGD Sebelum dan Setelah Pemberian Informasi tentang Atraumatic Care
Authors: Oktarina Natalia Devi , Nascimento Bernardo do
Published: April 2024

Hospitalisasi pada anak merupakan kondisi krisis bagi anak dan dapat menyebabkan stress khususnya pada bayi dan anak usia toddler. Oleh karena itu, sangat penting bagi perawat untuk menerapkan perawatan atraumatic care pada anak dan keluarga selama hospitalisasi. Atraumatic care adalah perawatan yang bertujuan untuk mencegah atau mengurangi trauma atau stress fisik dan psikologis pada anak dan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan perawat IGD tentang atraumatic care. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian semi eksperimental. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 20 perawat di IGD CHC Comoro dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner dengan pertanyaan tertutup menggunakan multiple choice yang sudah dilakukan uji expert oleh ahli keperawatan anak. Analisis data yang digunakan yaitu menggunakan uji t test dependen. Penelitian menunjukkan ada perbedaan pengetahuan perawat dimana rata-rata pengetahuan perawat IGD sebelum diberikan informasi tentang atraumatic care dengan skor 7.35 dan rata-rata pengetahuan perawat IGD setelah diberikan informasi tentang atraumatic care adalah dengan skor 8.95. Hal ini menunjukkan ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan sebelum dan setelah pemberian infornasi dengan nilai p 0,001. Saran yang dapat diberikan peneliti bagi perawat IGD adalah untuk dapat menerapkan atraumatic care bagi anak dan keluarga di ruang IGD saat anak masuk ke RS.
Gambaran Keberhasilan Toilet Training Anak dengan Ibu Bekerja pada Anak Usia Toodler
Authors: Oktarina Natalia Devi , Berliana Fatha Dian
Published: April 2024

Faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan toilet training seperti peran orang tua, pengetahuan, kesiapan anak dan status pekerjaan ibu. Orang tua salah satunya ibu, ibu mempunyai peran yang sangat penting dalam tumbuh kembang anak. Sebab peran ibu dalam toilet training seperti membimbing, mendidik, dan melindungi anak ketika melakukan toilet training sangat dibutuhkan.Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Gambaran Keberhasilan Toilet Training Anak Dengan Ibu Bekerja Pada Anak Usia Toodler Di Desa Randugunting Kecamatan Bergas Kabupaten Semarang. Desain pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif Analitik. Populasi penelitian ini 96 ibu bekerja yang memiliki anak usia toodler di Desa Randugunting Kecamatan Bergas Kabupaten Semarang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik total sampel. Instrument yang digunakan adalah kuesioner keberhasilan toilet training yang telah di lakukan uji validitas. Analisa data menggunakan distribusi frekuensi untuk menggambarkan keberhasilan toilet training anak dengan ibu bekerja pada anak usia toodler. Hasil penelitian didapatkan keberhasilan toilet training anak dengan ibu bekerja pada anak usia toodler di Desa Randugunting Kecamatan Bergas Kabupaten Semarang yaitu sebanyak 85 responden (88,5%)  berhasil menerapkan toilet training pada anak, sehingga diharapkan ibu yang bekerja tetap mampu melaksanakan toilet training kepada anak.
Hubungan Penerapan SOP Penerimaan Pasien Baru dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien di Ruang Rawat Inap
Authors: Ayuba Hendra , Dewi Mayasari Riu Silvia , Alfiat Talib Norman
Published: April 2024

Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) penerimaan pasien baru merupakan pedoman yang berisi tentang proses atau tahapan yang dilakukan oleh perawat dalam menerima pasien baru yang masuk dalam ruangan rawat inap. Tingkat kepuasan pasien merupakan perasaan senang atau bahagia yang dirasakan oleh pasien yang berada di ruang rawat inap terhadap penerapan SOP penerimaan pasien baru. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan penerapan SOP penerimaan pasien baru dengan tingkat kepuasan pasien di ruangan rawat inap RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode analitik korelasional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 45 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan Kuesioner. Data dianalisia menggunakan Uji Statistik Chi-Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan 0,05. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan nilai p=0,000 lebih kecil dari taraf signifikan yaitu 0,05 artinya ada Hubungan Penerapan SOP Penerimaan Pasien Baaru dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien di Ruangan Rawat Inap RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini ada hubungan Penerapan SOP Penerimaan Pasien Baru dengan Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien di Ruangan Rawat Inap RSU GMIM Pancaran Kasih Manado. Diharapkan perawat dapat melaksanakan penerimaan pasien baru sesuai dengan prosedur yang telah ditetapkan sehingga pasien dan keluarga dapat berperan aktif dalam perawatan dan terjalin  hubungan kerjasama  yang baik antara pasien dan petugas.
Supply Chain Management
Authors:   , Desimone Pamela V.
Published: April 2024

En este trabajo se realizó la aplicación de una herramienta teórica en un caso de estudio elegido. El objetivo principal fue, tomando como base las prácticas de la Gestión de la cadena de suministro (Supply chain management), presentar su aplicación en el caso de una micro pyme de la ciudad de La Plata, sentando así las bases para integrarse en la cadena en la que actúa y comenzar a solucionar algunas problemáticas que se presentan en su operatoria. Resulta crucial la temática abordada debido a que la perspectiva que aporta la gestión de la cadena de suministro permite a las empresas considerarse como parte de algo más grande, que funciona en conjunto, y cuya gestión permite conseguir los objetivos empresariales con mayor eficiencia.
Diseño de musicalización teatral
Authors: Reinoso Daniel
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de este trabajo es aproximar criterios de diseño de musicalización para teatro en particular y para las distintas artes en situación expositiva en general. Se parte desde una aproximación a las distintas disciplinas artísticas y sus posibles relaciones con la música. Luego se abordan criterios conceptuales, técnicos, procedimentales y estratégicos para la musicalización teatral.
Study of Fake Medicine Detection using Blockchain
Authors:   Department of Information Technology SCTR’s Pune Institute of Computer Pune (M.H), India., Zagare Shreyas , Khodaskar Prof. Manish ,   Department of Information Technology SCTR’s Pune Institute of Computer Pune (M.H), India., Sonawane Yash ,   Department of Information Technology SCTR’s Pune Institute of Computer Pune (M.H), India., Verma Harish ,   Department of Information Technology SCTR’s Pune Institute of Computer Pune (M.H), India.
Published: April 2024

The healthcare industry has grappled with the challenge of monitoring genuine medicines while counterfeit drugs continue to proliferate, posing significant risks to patient safety. These fraudulent pharmaceuticals not only have detri-mental effects on health but also result in substantial financial losses, with reports indicating annual losses of approximately 200 billion dollars for US pharmaceutical companies. Particu-larly concerning is the World Health Organization’s revelation that in underdeveloped nations, one in every ten medicines consumed by patients is counterfeit and of low quality. To address this critical issue, we use blockchain technology to track the supply chain, from the manufacturing stage to the end-user. Leveraging blockchain technology, our system enhances reliability, transparency, and security in healthcare data. This paper focuses on bolstering transaction security, safeguarding medicine quality, and fortifying data protection through the utilization of blockchain technology.
The E-learning of Network Environment
Authors: Huda Abdul Alle Al-Amwee
Published: April 2024

E-Learning is on the cusp of a transformation. For several years, it has been a matter of educational institutions implementing systems and processes for delivering courses online. That was a logical. 1st step. that has largely been accomplished.Today’s e-Learning challenge is considerably greater than just bringing courses online, one with a pay-off that will revolutionize education inHuda Abdul Alle Al-AmweeAl-Mustanseriy UniversityComputer scienceThe E-Learning of Network Environment …...………..Huda Abdul Alle Al-AmweeJ. OF COL. OF B .ED. NO.51 2 / 2007ways that online classes only begin to suggest. That challenge is to break through course-based limitations in order to create true Networked Learning Environments. A Networked Learning Environment in the Internet age applies new technology to a very old concept—that learning is much more than classes and grades. It is about the learning that takes place in a vibrant community of people and resources. The Internet has removed the limits of time and proximity that once restricted this community. In a true Networked Learning Environment, any student, instructor or researcher can access any learning resource at anytime from anyplace. Similar to the Internet, a Networked Learning Environment is really a network of networks—as simple as a lecturer and her class or as complex as a global web of instructors collaborating to develop a brand new curriculum. The power of the Networked Learning Environment today is that it creates unlimited possibilities for students and faculty, far beyond the limitation of books, bricks and mortar. While most institutions are evolving toward the Networked Learning Environment one step at a time, some are taking the leap all at once. This white paper describes the NLE and lays out Blackboard’s vision for providing solutions that will help educational institutions realize their goals.