bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of short peptides on the growth and yield of soybeans
Authors: Aseeva T. A. , Khavinson V. Kh. , Mironova E. S., , Ryzhak G. A. , Selezneva N. A., , Fedorova T. N.
Published: July 2022

Aim. Study of the effect of short di‐ and tetrapeptides (AB‐0, AE‐0) on the growth, development and productivity of Batya soybean varieties.

Material and Methods. Biologically active dipeptide AB‐0 and tetrapeptide AE‐0 were used. Field studies were carried out on meadow‐brown podzolized gley heavy loamy soil. One month before planting, soybean seeds were treated with dipeptide/tetrapeptide of concentrations of 0.01 g/l or 0.001 g/l. Hand‐tended and industrial‐level research was carried out.

Results. The use of dipeptide AB‐0 in a hand‐tended study had a positive effect on the growth processes of soybeans of the Batya variety compared to the control. The use of tetrapeptide AE‐0 in a hand‐tended study increased the weight of plants by 7.3‐67.0 g and plant height by 3.0‐9.0 cm compared to the control. The use of dipeptide AB‐0 and tetrapeptide AE‐0 increased the yield of soybeans by a maximum of 81.2‐83.7% compared to the control. The use of peptides AB‐0 and AE‐0 in an industrial‐level experiment increased the yield by 30.5% and 18.4%, respectively, compared with the control.

Conclusion. The short peptides AB‐0 and AE‐0 studied had an impact on the growth, development and productivity of Batya soybean varieties. They can be classified as plant growth regulators.
The role of ROH in the etiopathogenesis of complex diseases
Authors: Omarova D. K. , Adieva A. A. , Bulaeva K. B. , Guseynova N. O. , Amirkhanova I. V. , Dzhamalova S. A.
Published: July 2022

Aim. To carry out a comparative analysis of the main directions of genetic studies of complex (chronic) human neuropsychiatric diseases and to determine the prospects for their genomic studies.

Discussion. Complex diseases account for more than 90% of the total human pathology and are the main cause of premature death and disability. One of the most urgent and severe categories of complex diseases, both for the patients themselves and for society, are endogenous mental illnesses, in particular, schizophrenia, mental retardation and autism spectrum disorders. Despite the fact that genetic and epidemiological studies show high heritability rates (up to 70‐80%), the identification of predisposition genes remains a challenge. Studies in recent decades have contributed to understanding the genetic mechanisms of the pathogenesis of such diseases and have significantly advanced our understanding in terms of identifying risk loci, possible mechanisms for the transmission of genetic risk, and the involvement in the pathogenesis of such diseases of not one but of a large number of genes that provide many variants of gene expression. However, the mapping of genes that control such clinical phenotypes and mutations in them that cause pathogenesis remains largely unknown.

Conclusion. The finding of the same gene changes in neuropsychiatric complex diseases suggests that the genes involved converge in biochemical pathways and may be caused by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors characterized by genetic heterogeneity, which is often associated with clinical heterogeneity, incomplete penetrance and phenocopies. This is of great importance for the development of gene therapy through the identification of drug targets for the treatment of these disorders.
Materials on the Lepidoptera fauna of the Dagestan Republic (Northeastern Caucasus, Russia): spring aspect. Families Coleophoridae, Pterophoridae, Pyralidae, Crambidae, Drepanidae, Geometridae, Sphingidae, Saturniidae, Notodontidae, Erebidae & Noctuidae
Authors: Yakovlev R. V. , Teymurov A. A. , Kurbanova N. S. , Anikin V. V. , Matov A. Yu. , Morozov P. S. , Naydenov A. E. , Spitsyn V. M. , Streltsov A. N. , Ustjuzhanin P. Ya.
Published: July 2022

Aim. To clarify the spring aspect of the faunistic composition of Lepidoptera insects in the Republic of Dagestan as one of the most poorly studied regions of the European part of Russia.

Materials and Methods. The collection of material was carried out in six localities of the Republic of Dagestan at light sources and with a butterfly net. The material was determined using modern guides.

Results. We have determined 210 species of the families: Coleophoridae, Pterophoridae, Pyralidae, Crambidae, Drepanidae, Geometridae, Sphingidae, Saturniidae, Notodontidae, Erebidae and Noctuidae. Thirteen species are indicated for the fauna of Eastern Caucasus for the first time: Trypostela machinopis (Meyrick, 1936), Multicoloria vibicigerella (Zeller, 1839), Casignetella ancistron (Falkovitsh, 1976) (Coleophoridae), Gymnancyla gilvella (Ragonot, 1887) (Pyralidae), Hypena obesalis (Treitschke, 1829) (Erebidae), Clostera pigra (Hüfnagel, 1766) (Notodontidae), Cleora cinctaria ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775), Chlorissa pretiosaria (Staudinger, 1887), Acasis viretata (Hübner, [1799]), Earophila badiata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775), Pareulype berberata ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775), Eupithecia assimilata (Doubleday, 1856) and Eupithecia intricata (Zetterstedt, 1839) (Geometridae).

Conclusion. It seems very perspective to study the entomofauna of the Republic of Dagestan, especially in non‐standard periods: in spring and autumn.
The scale of seasonal migrations in the urban part of the Great Tit population in the southeast of the West Siberian plain
Authors: Frolov I. G.
Published: July 2022

Aim. This research aims to study the Great Tit breeding density, depending on the distance from preferred wintering sites with all other things being equal.

Material and Methods. 36 route counts were carried out in 22 locations ranging up to 95 km away from the preferred wintering sites. The data was collected in the same weather and climatic zone. The route counts were carried out in the wintering season (January) and in the breeding season (16 April – 15 May) in 2014‐2018. To consider the influence of small settlements, where a smaller number of tits spends winter in comparison with a large city, sample sites were characterized by the population of people living within a radius of 25 km around the sample site.

Results. Most Great Tits prefer to minimise the distance from their wintering sites to their nesting sites. The most preferred distance of seasonal movement is 10‐20 km from a large city, the main wintering place for this species.

Conclusions. The density of the Great Tit population during the nesting period increases exponentially with the proximity of wintering sites. When more than 20 km from wintering sites, the density of the species during the nesting period does not change reliably. The maximum immanent density during the nesting period is achieved in places of favourable wintering of the species, that is, in a metropolis with agglomeration.
The Common Hamster Cricetus cricetus L., 1758 in Western Siberia: the species’ past, present and future
Authors: Moskvitina N. S. , Ravkin Yu. S. , Nemoikina O. V. , Kokhonov E. V. , Bogomolova I. N. , Panov V. V. , Kislyi A. A. , Zhigalin A. V.
Published: July 2022

Aim. To analyse the data on spreading and population of the common hamster in Western Siberia from the mid‐20th to early 21st centuries and to determine the major predictors affecting these parameters.

Material and Methods. Long‐term data on species’ population from the Zoomonitor Databank (Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ISEA SB RAS), populace survey data and field observations provided by scholars over recent years were used. The maximum entropy method was used to model the species’ ecological niche and range based on 82 common hamster sighting spots in Western Siberia. 19 bioclimatic factors as well as various soil types were used.

Results. The reduction of range and threefold decrease of common hamster population until the 90s of the last century and a local increase in the number of the population at the beginning of the 21st century were noted. The main causes of the population decline include extensive extermination through the procurement of common hamster fur skins and limiting the harm caused as well as agricultural area size dynamics. The bioclimatic correlations revealed of the distribution of the common hamster, considered together with models of climate changes, suggest the possibility of common hamster obsolescence in modern steppe areas and its according repopulation of the large river bottomlands to the north of the current range.

Conclusion. For the Asian section of its range, the species’ status is not so disastrous due to less prominent factors negatively impacting the population. The lack of previous studies of the species’ ecology in Western Siberia calls for the conducting of multi‐aspect studies, including monitoring the tendencies of the limiting factors’ dynamics.
Promising bacteria strains of the genus Bacillus in plant protection against fusariosis and mycotoxin contamination
Authors: Allakhverdyan V. V. , Sidorova T. M. , Asaturova A. M.
Published: July 2022

Aim – to study the biocontrol properties of B. velezensis BZR 336g and B. velezensis BZR 517 strains against Fusarium pathogens using the fungus Fusarium graminearum as an example and to reduce the accumulation of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) in vitro.

Materials and Methods. A study of the toxinogenicity of F. graminearum fungal strains was undertaken on rice and wheat grains and the effect of B. velezensis BZR 336g and B. velezensis BZR 517 strains on the growth of the fungus was studied on wheat grains and by the double cultures method. An experiment to study the effect of a liquid culture and supernatant of bacteria was carried out on wheat grains and the content of DON and ZEN in wheat grains was analyzed by HPLC and enzyme immunoassay.

Results. It was found that two strains of the fungus F. graminearum were able to produce a high level of mycotoxins, while the strain F. graminearum 60318 had a higher growth rate. The B. velezensis BZR 336g and B. velezensis BZR 517 strains produced lipopeptide exometabolites and inhibited the growth of the F. graminearum 60318 strain. in vitro, while the content of ZEN remained at the control level.

Conclusion. The ability of two strains of bacteria B. velezensis BZR 336g and B. velezensis BZR 517 to suppress the growth of the fungus F. graminearum 60318, as well as to inhibit the accumulation of mycotoxins in wheat grain in vitro, suggests that an increase in the content of antagonist bacteria B. velezensis BZR 336g and B. velezensis BZR 517 in the wheat microbiota can contribute to the suppression of the growth and harm of the fungus F. graminearum 60318.
Combination ability of corn lines and genetic control of morphometric parameters
Authors:   Saratov State University, Gutorova Olga V. , Zaitsev Sergey A. ,   Russian Research Institute for Sorghum and Maize “Rossorgo”
Published: July 2022

The article presents the results of studying the combination ability of new dihaploid maize lines created by diploidization of haploid plants obtained using a haploinducer line. The experiment involved simple hybrids (30 combinations) obtained according to the complete diallel scheme of 6 homozygous lines. The effects of GCA and variance of SCA lines, as well as the components of genetic variance in terms of the main morphometric parameters of the plant (stem length, ear height, panicle length, stem diameter, plant leaf surface area) were revealed. Lines with a high GCA score and a dispersion of SCA have been identified, which are advisable to use in the breeding process for tall stature, resistance to lodging, and manufacturability. The influence of overdominance in the manifestation of the length of the panicle and the diameter of the stem and the predominance of additive effects in the formation of the height of the cob were noted. Analysis of the components made it possible to identify the number of genes or groups of genes that influenced the manifestation of traits in 2021 (stem length – 1–2, ear height – 2–3, panicle length – 1–2, stem diameter – 2–3, area of leaf surface – 1–2). Dominance according to the studied parameters is directed towards parental forms with a greater severity of the trait. A significant influence of cultivation conditions on the manifestation of the length of the stem, the height of the cob, the length of the panicle, and the diameter of the stem was noted.
Comparative analysis of the species composition of ichthyofauna of fish watering holes and adjacent channel areas of the Krasnoyarsk floodplain of the Volgograd reservoir
Authors:   Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Saratov branch, Kiyashko Vladimir V. , Kiyashko Irina A. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov
Published: July 2022

The Volgograd reservoir is a highly complex hydrological system. The locations of fish watering holes, which are situated in an abyssal area of the Volgograd reservoir, have been well established for a long time. Meanwhile, fish watering holes exist in areas of the bed of the Volgograd reservoir as well. However, their determination is not always possible and is complicated due to the small size and shallow depth of the watering holes. The aim of this work was to carry out a comparative analysis of the species composition of fish caught in watering holes and adjacent channel areas. The results might find an application in fish farming. The studies were conducted in the 2019–2020 winter season within Krasnoyarsk floodplain of the Volgograd reservoir. Floodplain length stretches some 26 km. The width of the Krasnoyarsk floodplain is 4–10 km. The depth of the Krasnoyarsk floodplain ranges from 0.1 to 10 meters. A bathymetric survey was conducted in order to validate data concerning the depths of fish watering holes. The current changes its direction periodically within the floodplain as a result of water passing by Saratov and Volgograd hydraulic structures, thus influencing the relief of the reservoir bed due to various locations of fish watering holes. The evaluation of the species composition of ichtyocoenosis was conducted using test fisheries and assessment of fish caught by recreational fishers. We assessed 19 fish species in the Krasnoyarsk floodplain of the Volgograd reservoir during the winter season using all fishing techniques. The conducted analysis of the Shannon diversity index within the watering holes and adjacent areas allows confirmation that all of the studied holes are active and serve as fish gathering places during the winter period. This study will allow the development of recommendations for the confirmation or revision of the status of fish watering holes in any subsequent study of bodies of water. That will facilitate the preservation of fish resources.
Analysis of the distribution and populations structure of Hedysarum grandiflorum Pall. (Fabaceae) in the southern part of the Volga Upland
Authors:   Saratov State University, National Park «Khvalynsky», Lavrentiev Michail V. , Boldyrev Vladimir А. ,   Saratov State University
Published: July 2022

For the first time in the southern part of the Volga Upland, a detailed study of the population distribution and structure of rare and protected species Hedysarum grandiflorum Pall., listed in the Red Books of the Russian Federation (2008) and the Saratov Region (2021), was carried out. The study was conducted in 2007–2021. To identify the distribution, data from routine observations and information from herbarium specimens, literary data and oral reports were used. The determination of the abundance and density was carried out in all encountered cenopopulations (CP), and for a detailed description of structure, 23 CP were studied with the laying of more than 600 discount areas and with a description of more than 3600 individuals of the average generative state of the sweetvetch. It was revealed that all CP in study area occupy a total area of about 30.8 ha, on which there are at least 2.068 million individuals of the sweetvetch, of which about 1.305 million are generative. The average density of individuals ranges from 4.6 to 18.4, and of generative from 2.8 to 11.4 ind./m2. From the northeast to the southwest of the southern part of the Volga Upland, the number of individuals and the density of CP of the sweetvetch decrease, and the areas of CP decrease. The basic ontogenetic spectrum of CP in the study area is unimodal, centred, with a maximum at the mature generative state, but due to small temporal shifts of the ontogenetic spectra to the left, the type of dynamics of the age composition is fluctuating. CP are, as a rule, normal complete, transitional and mature, with an average level of vitality and are in a stable state. A comparison is made with data from other regions. The results obtained can be used in organizing and maintaining SPNR, compiling floristic lists, introducing and reintroducing H. grandiflorum and similar species, and selecting initial material when introduced into culture.
Voevoda Alexey Panteleevich Chirikov: Pages of biography
Authors:   Saratov State University, Rabinovich Yakov N.
Published: July 2022

The article for the first time presents a detailed biography of the governor of Saratov, Alexei Panteleevich Chirikov. In his youth, this serviceman from his homeland became the steward of Patriarch Filaret, then a solicitor, and then the tsar’s steward. After serving in Saratov, he participated in the campaign of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich to Riga, was a voivode in Glukhov and Pereyaslavl Yuzhny.
Workers’ and Peasants’ Inspectorate in the Saratov governorate: Social and political practice (1920s)
Authors:   Saratov State University, Mitrokhin Vladimir A.
Published: July 2022

Using the example of the Saratov governorate, the activity of the Workers’ and Peasants’ Inspectorate bodies aimed at finding the optimal model of control organization in a Soviet-type society is investigated. Techniques and methods directly or indirectly related to the involvement of workers in this work are analyzed on the material of archival sources. It is shown to what extent this practice corresponded to the course of the party and the government to attract citizens to the governance of the state. The article examines how the people’s control bodies influenced the implementation of plans and tasks, fought for increasing the efficiency of public production, economical spending of labor, material resources, and money in the 20s of the twentieth century.
Communities of children and adult in a village school
Authors:   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushinsky, Baiborodova Lyudmila V.
Published: July 2022

There are several factors that justify the relevance of creating communities of children and adults in rural areas. Thus, it is determined by the necessity to ensure the continuity between older and younger generations, successful socialization of rural children, development of students’ experience in building up relationships with adults based on partnership, dialogue and cooperation. The purpose of the study is to identify the functions and peculiar activities of communities of children and adults in rural schools. The study proposes the definition of the concept of ‘communities of children and adults’. On the basis of a number of features, a comparison of this concept with the category of a ‘collective body’ is given. The author considers the classification of communities of children and adults grounded on various approaches. Distinctive characteristics of communities of children and adults and their functions are determined. Based on the analysis of the experience of rural schools, especially those with a small number of students, the study determines some requirements for the pedagogical staff to use as their guide. It is necessary when school collectives organize the activities of children’s and adult’s communities in order to ensure the realization of the above-mentioned functions. The author makes the conclusions: various child-adult communities are formed in rural areas; a school can become a community of interacting subjects of different ages, where everyone can realize themselves and achieve success. Communities of children and adults in rural educational organizations are the most important mechanism for the personal development process, a means of solving pedagogical tasks and social problems of the countryside. The success of community activities depends on the proficiency of teachers, on their position in the interaction with all the subjects of educational relations, on the possibility to have an authoritative leader.
The role of theatre in the spiritual and moral education of children and adolescents in the era of digitalisation
Authors: Umirkhanovich Orazmetov  Marat , Isakhanovna Makhmutova Kulsara , Iskakovich Zhumash Arman , Aitzhanovich Aitzhanov Maksat , Akhmetovna Kuletova Ulbosyn , Tajibayevna Mussabekova Gulnar
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this research is to get the opinions of teachers in order to determine the role of creative drama in the spiritual and moral education of children and adolescents in the age of digitalisation. The research was carried out in the phenomenology pattern, one of the qualitative research methods. The participant group of the research consists of 40 teachers who teach in various primary, secondary and high schools in Almaty, Kazakhstan, in the 2021–2022 academic year. The data collection tool of the research is the semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers. As a result of the research, the vast majority of teachers stated that they benefited from creative drama activities and digital creative drama activities several times in the spiritual and moral education of children and adolescents. The majority of the teachers participating in the research stated that they found themselves somewhat inadequate regarding the use of digital creative drama activities in the spiritual and moral education of children and adolescents. Teachers participating in the research categorised the advantages of digital creative drama activities in the spiritual and moral education of children and adolescents as practical, learning situations and assessment-oriented advantages. In-service training programmes should be organised to improve this situation, since teachers benefit from creative drama activities and digital creative drama activities several times in the spiritual and moral education of children and adolescents and find themselves a bit inadequate.

Keywords: Creative drama, spiritual and moral education, teacher opinions;
Barriers and Strategies for Successful Implementation of Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative: A Scoping Review
Authors: Hirani Shela Akbar Ali , Ahmadi Reihaneh
Published: July 2022

Introduction

Implementation of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) with maternal and/or neonatal services in all health care facilities is valuable to protect, promote and support breastfeeding and the well-being of young children. It is essential to identify challenges that hinder the successful implementation of BFHI and explore strategies to overcome those barriers to promote, protect and support breastfeeding practices of mothers all over the world.

Methods

A scoping review of evidence-based literature was undertaken. A total of 44 articles on BFHI published globally between the years 2000 and 2021 were reviewed and analyzed.

Results

The barriers to the successful implementation of the BFHI include the absence of clearly stated policies on breastfeeding, lack of uniform understanding of BFHI, insufficient support and resources, disagreements/lack of collaboration among health care professionals, maternal circumstances, and hospital routines and practices. The strategies for successful implementation of BFHI include health care providers’ leadership, teamwork/collaboration, adequate staffing and financial resources, education, mentoring and skills training opportunities for healthcare professionals, continuous monitoring of the BFHI steps, compliance with every step of BFHI, mother-centred approach, and regulation on marketing and sale of breastmilk.

Conclusions

GThe role of multi-layered interventions, interdisciplinary collaboration and partnership-based approach is critical in minimizing barriers and promoting the successful implementation of BFHI in all healthcare settings.
Deinstitutionalization and the Impact of Antipsychotics Versus Policy Change
Authors: Pow Joni Lee , Baumeister Alan A. , Cohen Alex S. , Garand James C.
Published: July 2022

The introduction of antipsychotics in 1954 is widely considered central to the depopulation of US state mental hospitals. Using US Census data and time-series analysis to estimate the impact of chlorpromazine and policy change on state mental hospital population changes, this study found that the post-1954 depopulation was associated with important demographic changes in age and diagnosis. From 1954 to 1961, the resident count of patients diagnosed with “schizophrenia” in state mental hospitals did not significantly decline but rather significantly declined between 1961 and 1966. Additionally, depopulation between 1954 and 1961 occurred among patients below age 55 but between 1961 and 1966 occurred among patients aged 55 and over. This depopulation of the elderly occurred across diagnoses and coincided with policy changes, which allowed for federal medical assistance for the aged. The conclusion of this study is that policy change and economic incentives had a greater impact on deinstitutionalization than the advent of antipsychotics.
Consumer Responses to CSR in Greek Banking Sector: Does CSR Really Matter?
Authors: Xanthopoulou Panagiota , Alexandros Sahinidis , Katerina Stremmenou
Published: July 2022

The present study aims to investigate the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on consumers’ preferences and loyalty in the banking sector. The researchers examined the main concepts associated with CSR and how it is related to the choice and the retention of customers to a specific bank. Qualitative research was implemented by the use of semi-structured interviews with 67 individuals. The purpose of the research was to analyze the extent to which CSR actions affect customers’ choices and loyalty to a bank. The main conclusions that emerged are that although the satisfaction and commitment, as well as the positive perception of consumers, depend on the trust created by the banks, customers in Greece still believe that the CSR actions implemented by banks only contribute to the increase in their organizational profits through the improved corporate reputation and recognition, and thus CSR has not a significant impact on customers’ attraction and loyalty. Finally, it became clear that one of the major problems in the banking sector is the lack of public confidence in the way banks operate and the special role they play in modern societies.
Demandas cognitivas en tareas enviadas a preescolares durante la cuarentena por covid-19
Authors: Ojeda Lopeda Pablo César , Bejarano Valencia Yamileth , Martínez Mora Brehinert Alfredo
Published: July 2022

We conducted a cognitive analysis of the reading, writing, and mathematics domain assignments sent to kindergarten students during the COVID-19 lockdown. The sample consisted of 56 assignments. Criteria were created to identify the cognitive demands in each domain. The results show that the tasks generally made basic cognitive demands, such as remembering and memorizing. We discuss the gap between the approaches taken in the literature on children's learning and cognitive skills, which consider them active subjects and researchers, and how the tasks sent to them position them as reproducers/copiers of information. It is proposed that educational psychologists work with teachers to design homework assignments that benefit preschoolers' cognitive skills.
La música como pre-texto en la construcción de comunidad: el proyecto de educación musical Semus leído desde las perspectivas de Lipovetsky, Bauman y Žižek
Authors: Díaz Jefferson Arley , Ardila Castro Ana María , Díaz Gamba Wilson
Published: July 2022

This article socializes the partial results of the project of education and musical analysis carried out in 2018 and 2019 in the Research Incubator of Practical Approaching to Symphonic Music (SEMUS), attached to the research group Literature, Education and Communication (LEC) and the Bachelor of Arts in Arts Education at Francisco José de Caldas District University. The above is presented to demonstrate that it significantly impacted the musical discipline and the social aspect, specifically in terms of community building. Namely, it was formed into a collective of debate, consensus, and dissent that became an atmosphere of trust characterized by perceptions of well-being and fulfillment. Therefore, considering the volatile nature of these observations, the research was approached from a mixed action-research approach and hermeneutic phenomenological design, highlighting crucial elements that inhabit the world of everyday life and intersubjective relationships.
Meeting computer vision and machine learning challenges in crop phenotyping
Authors:   Institute of Bio- and Geosciences: Plant Sciences (IBG-2) and Institute for Advanced Simulation: Data Analytics and Machine Learning (IAS-8), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, Scharr Hanno , Tsaftaris Sotirios A. ,   The University of Edinburgh, UK,   Alan Turing Institute, UK
Published: July 2022

Use of imaging data has become more profound with the advent of digital cameras, the internet, and automation. With advances of computer vision, actionable information can now be extracted from images to advance the study of plants and their phenotype. In this chapter we document the experience of advancing the state of the art in developing methods that extract such information motivated and orchestrated via data challenges. We identify several examples and conclude that this can be a fruitful bridge between the communities offering problems and data with those that can offer the solutions. We offer suggestions on how to get started and conclude by providing advice for shaping data challenges of the future.
Pengaruh Integrasi Proses Reasearching Reasoning Reflecting (3R) pada Model Problem Basel Learning (PBL) terhadap Domain Pengetahuan Literasi Saintifik Siswa SMA Kelas X
Authors: Irvani A.I , Suhandi A , Hasanah L
Published: July 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh integrasi proses ResearchingReasoningReflecting (3R) pada model Problem BasedLearning (PBL) terhadap pengetahuan epistemik siswa pada pembelajaran fisika materi pengaruh kalor terhadap benda. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 65 orang siswa yang terbagi menjadi kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Pembelajaran yang dilakukan berkaitan dengan materi pengaruh kalor terhadap benda. Domain pengetahuan merupakan bagian dari aspek literasi saintifik berdasarkan kerangka kerja PISA 2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan antara siswa pada kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Pembelajaran model Problem BasedLearning (PBL) yang dipadukan dengan proses ResearchingReasoningReflecting (3R) lebih meningkatkan pengetahuan epistemik siswa dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran Problem BasedLearning (PBL) biasa.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Instruction Berbasis Portofolio Terhadap Hasil Belajar Fisika
Authors: Jhoni M , Suhadi Adi
Published: July 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Problem Based Instruction berbasis portofolio terhadap hasil belajar físika siswa. Jenis ini penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu (Quasi Eksperimen). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dokumentasi dan tes untuk melihat hasil belajar siswa pada ranah kognitif. Berdasarkan hasil analisa data tes yaitu posttest dan pretest dilakukan uji hipotesis yang menunjukkan thitung > ttabel, maka tolak Ho dan terima Ha sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran fisika menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Instruction berbasis Portofolio memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Selain itu  Disarankan bagi guru agar dapat menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Instruction berbasis portofolio sebagai salah satu alternatif inovasi model pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Penggunaan AplikasiSoftware Iteman (Item and Test Analysis) untuk Analisis Butir Soal Pilihan Ganda Berdasarkan Teori Tes Klasik
Authors: Setyawarno Didik
Published: July 2022

Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji teori tes klasik serta aplikasi Iteman untuk menganalisis butir soal berbentuk pilihan ganda (PG) yang diperuntuk untuk guru atau mahasiswa calon guru baik bidang IPA atau Non-IPA. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah studi pustaka atau literatur baik buku dan jurnal baik dari dalam maupun luar negeri. Hasil kajian diperoleh konsep bahwa konsep dasar teori tes klasik menjadi landasan munculnya formula-formula penting dalam analisis butir soal yang meliputi validitas, reliabilitas, distribusi jabawan, tingkat kesukaran, dan daya pembeda. Iteman (Item and Test Analysis) merupakan aplikasi program komputer yang dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis butir soal berbentuk pilihan ganda berdasarkan pendekatan teori tes klasik. Setelah membaca artikel ini, diharapkan guru atau mahasiswa calon guru mempunyai pemahaman tentang konsep dasar teori tes klasik, validitas, reliabilitas, distribusi jawaban, tingkat kesukaran, dan daya pembeda, serta mempunyai kemampuan menggunakan aplikasi Iteman untuk analisis butir soal bentuk pilihan ganda sehingga memperoleh soal yang berkualitas yang digunakan untuk evaluasi pembelajaran.
STUDI RESPON IMPEDANSI TERHADAP FREKUENSI PADA NANOARTIKEL MAGNETITE (Fe3O4) YANG DILAPISI POLYMER PEG (POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL)
Authors: Heriansyah Heriansyah
Published: July 2022

Paper ini mempelajari respon impedansi terhadap frekuensi pada nanopartikel magnetite (Fe3O4) yang dilapisi polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG). Respon impendansi berkaitan langsung dengan mekanisme konduksi pada material. Nanopartikel magnetite dilapisi PEG dengan perbandingan massa Fe3O4 dan PEG mulai dari 1:0; 4:1; 2:1; 1:1; dan 1:4. Jangkauan frekuensi yang digunakan adalah 10-120 kHz. Respon impedansi nanopartikel Fe3O4 yang dilapisi PEG menunjukkan ketergantungan kepada frekuensi. Tingginya impedansi pada frekuensi rendah diakibatkan oleh dominasi batas butir yang memiliki resistivitas yang tinggi. Impedansi berkurang dengan menurunnya frekuensi. Impedansi meningkat dengan bertambahnya jumlah massa PEG pada perbandingan massa antara Fe3O4 dan PEG. Terlihat pada frekuensi 10 kHz impedansi sampel E (1:4) bernilai 285,9 kΩ sedangkan sampel A (1:0) bernilai 200 kΩ . Jumlah massa PEG yang lebih banyak pada pelapisan diprediksi akan meningkatkan batas butir karena PEG bersifat insulator dan memberikan kontribusi resistivitas pada batas butir. Hasil pengukuran impedansi menunjukkan tingkat resistivitas yang tinggi ada pada nanopartikel Fe3O4 yang dilapisi PEG dengan perbandingan lebih banyak massa PEG.
PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH FISIKA MATEMATIKA II MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW DI FAKULTAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI UNIVERSITAS JAMBI
Authors: Nurhidayah Nurhidayah , Sairi Andi Putra , Hamdi Husnul
Published: July 2022

Kurangnya motivasi belajar mahasiwa pada matakuliah fisika matematika II menjadi masalah yang serius karena akan menyebabkan rendahnya tingkat kelulusan mahasiswa iu sendiri. Di samping itu, metode yang digunakan oleh dosen juga cenderung lecture-centered sehingga menyebabkan kurangnya aktivitas mahasiswa selama kegiatan pembelajaran di kelas. Oleh sebab itu dilakukan sebuah penelitian dengan tujuan mendeskripsikan sejauh mana model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar mahasiswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan prosedur penelitian dilakukan secara bersiklus yaitu dimulai dari perencanaan tindakan, observasi tindakan, dan refleksi. Adapun objek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa program studi fisika tahun ajaran 2014/2015 sebanyak 33 orang yang mengambil mata kuliah fisika matematika II. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan lembar observasi, tes, dan angket motivasi. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu meningkatnya motivasi belajar mahasiswa dengan menggunakan metode kooperatif tipe jigsaw dalam mata kuliah fisika matematika II di FST UNJA. Hal ini didasari dari data bahwa motivasi mahasiswa selama siklus I sebesar 73,62% dengan kategori “cukup” dan meningkat menjadi 83,53 % dengan kategori “tinggi” selama siklus II.
PENGGUNAAN MODUL MULTI REPRESENTASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA SMA MATERI TERMODINAMIKA
Authors: Permadi Dimas
Published: July 2022

Media pembelajaran memiliki kedudukan sebagai alat bantu penyampai informasi. Kemampuan siswa yang berbeda dalam menangkap informasi bergantung pada jenis kecerdasan yang dominan yang dimiliki. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan modul multi representasi dalam pembelajaran fisika SMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R & D) mengacu pada Sadiman, dkk (2011) yang memiliki delapan prosedur pengembangan produk dan uji produk, yaitu : (1) analisis kebutuhan dan karakteristik siswa, (2) merumuskan tujuan pembelajaran, (3) merumuskan butir-butir materi, (4) menyusun instrumen evaluasi, (5) menulis naskah media, (6) melakukan validasi ahli, (7) melakukan uji coba dan revisi, (8) mencetak naskah produksi. Desain penelitian menggunakan One-Shot Case Study dengan variabel bebas penggunaan modul multi representasi dan variable terikat adalah hasil belajar kognitif siswa. Berbagai gambaran baik verbal, grafik, analogi, dan persamaan matematis digunakan di dalam modul multi representatif tersebut. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan soal tes hasil belajar kognitif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis data tes hasil belajar kognitif dihitung berdasarkan persentase jumlah siswa yang lulus Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) dalam pembelajaran menggunakan modul. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 79,17 % lulus KKM dengan nilai rata-rata 78,54. Berdasarkan persentase kelulusan yang lebih besar dari 79%, maka modul multi representasi dikatakan efektive digunakan dalam pemelajaran fisika SMA.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe STAD berbantuan Media Poster terhadap Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Rahmah Siti Nur , Kafrawi Muhammad , Mahsul Alwan
Published: July 2022

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD menggunakan bantuan media poster pada aktivitas dan hasil belajar fisika siswa di MTs Darunnajah Al-Falah Telagawaru. Sampelnya kelas VIIIA  21 orang dan kelas VIIIB 17 orang  menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Penelitian menggunakan pretest-posttest control group design. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar observasi dan tes. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh nilai rata-rata aktivitas belajar siswa kelas eksperimen 19,25 berada pada interval 19,25 ≤ A ≤ 22,75 kategori aktif dan kelas kontrol 11,75 berada pada interval 07,00 ≤ A ≤ 12,25 kategori sangat kurang aktif. Sedangkan hasil belajar diperoleh nilai rata-rata kelas eksperimen 74,12 dan kelas kontrol 63,67. Melalui uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan t-test pooled varian, diperoleh thitung > ttabel atau 2,42  > 2,04 dengan dk = dan taraf signifikan 5%, yang berarti ada perbedaan yang signifikan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh pembelajaran kooperatif  tipe STAD berbantuan media poster terhadap aktivitas dan hasil belajar fisika siswa di MTs Darunnajah Al-Falah Telagawaru tahun ajaran 2018/2019.
Penentuan Nilai Energy Gap Lapisan Tipis TiO2/C Dengan Menggunakan Metode Touc Plot
Authors: Agus Agus , Fahyuan Helga Dwi , M Damris
Published: July 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang penentuan nilai energy gap TiO2/C dengan menggunakan metode Touc Plot. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk megetahui pengaruh penambahan persen doping C terhadap energy gap pada TiO2. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan variasi persen doping C terhadap TiO2 sebesar 0, 0,2, 0.4, dan 0,6%. Untuk memperoleh nilai energy gap dari TiO2/C dilakukan uji transmitansi menggunakan Spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Data transmitansi tesebut diolah menggunakan persamaan swanepoel untuk menentukan indeks bias dan ketebalan lapisan tipis dari TiO2/C yang digunakan ntuk menentukan nilai energy gap dengan menggunakan metode touc plot, dan diperoleh nilai energy gap masing-masing variasi doping sebesar 3.2, 2.60, 2.77, 3.0 eV. Penambahan doping C pada TiO2  dapat menurunkan energy gap dari TiO2. Tetapi untuk persen doping 0.6%, energy gap meningkat dari 0.2 dan 0.4%
Deskripsi Sikap Siswa Dalam Kesenangan Belajar Fisika dan Ketertarikan Memeperbanyak Waktu Belajar Fisika di SMAN Batanghari
Authors: Fitriani Rini Siski , Puspitasari Tari Okta , Melisa Defri
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify the attitude of pleasure in learning physics and interest in increasing the time to study physics. This type of research is quantitative research with descriptive method analysis. This study involved 151 students at SMAN 10 Batanghari. The instrument used was an attitude questionnaire with an indicator of pleasure in learning physics and an interest in increasing the time to study physics. The results of this study are the indicators of pleasure in learning physics, namely in the category of Fair with a percentage of 47% and the indicator of interest in increasing the amount of time studying physics in the category of Fair with a percentage of 62.3%. Based on these results the attitude of students towards learning physics at SMAN 10 Batanghari is good enough.
Model Pembelajaran Discovery Terbimbing: Apakah dapat Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Kogitif Fisika Peserta Didik
Authors: Ekawati Ekawati , Nurlina Nurlina , Marisda Dewi Hikmah
Published: July 2022

Rendahnya hasil belajar peserta didik merupakan masalah utama dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Pra-Eksperimen dengan mengacu pada desain  penelitian One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya peningkatan hasil belajar kognitif fisika peserta didik kelas X MIPA SMA Negeri 9 Enrekang setelah diajar dengan model pembelajaran discovery terbimbing penelitian ini berlangsung selama enam minggu dengan jumlah sampel 28 orang peserta didik kelas X MIPA 2 SMA Negeri 9 Enrekang. Instrument penelitian yang digunakan berupa tes hasil belajar fisika berbentuk pilihan ganda dengan aspek kognitif yang meliputi tingkatan mengingat (C1), memahami (C2), mengaplikasikan (C3), dan menganalisis (C4). Sebelum digunakan, instrument penelitian ini telah dinyatakan valid dan reliabel oleh pakar. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar fisika pada ranah kognitif peserta didik kelas X MIPA 2 SMA Negeri 9 Enrekang pada materi gerak setelah diajar dengan model pembelajaran Guided Discovery, dengan indeks gain sebesar 0,55, berada pada kategori sedang.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Smartphone Terhadap Pada Materi Gerak Lurus
Authors: Sriyanti Ida
Published: July 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh media pembelajaran berbasis smartphone terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada materi gerak lurus kelas X. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 22 Palembang pada semester ganjil tahun ajaran 2019/2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experimental dengan desain penelitian nonequivalent control group design. Penentuan sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik simple random sampling, sampel penelitian yang digunakan kelas  X  IPA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X IPA 2 sebagai kelas kontrol.  Proses  pembelajaran di kelas eksperimen menggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis smartphone dan di kelas kontrol tidak menggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis smartphone. Instumen  penelitian  ini  menggunakan  tes  yang  memenuhi  kategori untuk mengukur hasil belajar siswa dalam bentuk pilihan ganda. Uji statistik  hasil tes yang  digunakan  yaitu  uji  normalitas,  uji  homogenitas,  dan uji  hipotesis  dibantu dengan program IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata–rata nilai posttest yang diperoleh siswa kelas eksperimen 81,2 dan rata-rata nilai posttest yang diperoleh siswa kelas kontrol 65. Secara output dari program IBM SPSS Statistics 22 pada uji Nonparametric test yakni Kruskal-Wallis Test menunjukkan Sig < 0,05 (0,000 < 0,05), maka H0 ditolak dan Hα diterima sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh media pembelajaran berbasis smartphone terhadap hasil belajar siswa.
Kemampuan Material Akustik dari Pelepah Pisang dan Sabut Kelapa sebagai Peredam Kebisingan
Authors: Lathiifah Annisaaul
Published: July 2022

Semakin berkembangnya teknologi, menyebabkan semakin meningkatnya peralatan yang sebagian besar dapat memicu kebisingan. Material akustik dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi kebisingan karena material tersebut bersifat meredam bunyi. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui koefisien serap bunyi material akustik dari pelepah pisang dan sabut kelapa. Sampel dibuat sebanyak 6 buah dan diuji menggunakan resonator space untuk menguji koefisien serap bunyi. Hasil pengujiannya mengungkapkan bahwa koefisien serap bunyi dipengaruhi oleh ketebalan sampel. Koefisien serap bunyi tiap sampel pada frekuensi 500 Hz sebesar 0,03836; 0,02359; 0,02139; 0,01971; 0,01631; 0,01069. Sampel yang paling baik pada penelitian ini adalah sampel 1 yang mempunyai koefisien serap bunyi sebesar 0,03836 yang paling tinggi dibanding sampel lainnya.
Penggunaan Potensial Morse untuk Menjelaskan Interaksi Dua Atom untuk Membantu Proses Pembelajaran
Authors: 3 Senafis
Published: July 2022

Panjang ikatan atau bond length adalah jarak antara dua atom yang berikatan dalam sebuah molekul. Panjang ikatan secara umum berbanding terbalik dengan kekuatan ikatan. Namun demikian, kita tidak bisa melihat kekuatan ikatan hanya dari panjang ikatan saja, namun harus melihat energi ikatnya pula. Secara sekilas, panjang ikatan adalah konstanta yang berasal dari pengukuran empiris ataupun diperkirakan menggunakan perhitungan numerik. Pada kenyataanya, panjang ikatan yang biasa diberikan adalah nilai panjang kesetimbangan. Pada molekul nyata, panjang ikatan antara dua buah atom sangat mungkin berubah. Kita bisa memperkirakan bagaimana interaksi antara dua buah atom hanya dengan menggunakan data panjang dan energi ikat suatu atom. Hal ini dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan potensial Morse dengan konstantanya diisi oleh energi dan panjang ikatan atom tertentu. Sebelumnya, potensial Morse digunakan unutk menjelaskan interaksi antar atom diatomic, namun dalam artikel ini diperluas menjadi seluruh ikatan atom nonrangkap. Hasil potensial Morse yang didapat kemudian digunakan untuk mendapatkan energi interaksi serta jenis interaksi antara kedua atom. Untuk mengilustrasikannya, dituliskan program dengan Python dengan isian jenis ikatan dan jarak antaratom sembarang dan keluaran berupa potensial Morse serta jenis interaksi pada jarak tersebut. Diharapkan, penggunaan potensial Morse untuk menjelaskan interaksi antaratom cukup untuk menjelaskan bagaimana atom berikatan di dunia nyata.
Analisis Konsep Fisika pada Permainan Tradisional Kerapan Kereweng sebagai Bahan Ajar Fisika
Authors: Afkarina Dina , . Sudarti
Published: July 2022

Indonesia adalah negara yang kaya akan kearifan lokal dan tersebar di seluruh wilayah. Namun seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, kearifan lokal semakin luntur sehingga diperlukan pelestarian kearifan lokal. Dalam bidang pendidikan, pelestarian kearifan lokal dapat dilakukan dengan mengintegrasikan permainan tradisional ke dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis konsep fisika pada permainan tradisional kerapan kereweng sebagai bahan ajar fisika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnofisika. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran bahwa permainan tradisional kerapan kereweng memiliki keterkaitan dengan konsep fisika terutama konsep gaya dan gerak. Adanya penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjelaskan konsep fisika pada permainan tradisional kerapan kereweng sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan ajar fisika.