bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transition Structures Between Unbound and Bound SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein to Human ACE2: Potential Targets for Drug Design
Authors: Zanna Nicola
Published: June 2020

The recent outbreak of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 led to a race in finding a cure. Different drug targets were recognized, but in most cases the main target has been identified in the virus spike protein because it is crucial for the virus to gain entry into human cells. The virus spike protein undergoes large dynamic changes in order to bind to the entry point in human cells, which is a surface protein known as Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2). The spike – ACE2 interaction represents the major target for vaccines and antiviral drugs. Incidentally, all intermediate structures in the folding pathways could become potential drug targets. This study reports the simulation of the transition pathway of the spike protein and includes its animation that can help also non-experts to visually understand how the infection starts. The simulation of the spike protein's transition pathway has been done by using the NMSim software, which makes use of a three-step protocol including Coarse Grain, Normal Mode Analysis, and Elastic Network Model methods, providing realistic intermediates at a reasonable simulation time.
Origin of Enantioselectivity Reversal in Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Michael Additions Relying on the Same Chiral Source
Authors: Riehl Paul S. , Richardson Alistair D. , Sakamoto Tatsuhiro , Reid Jolene P. , Schindler Corinna
Published: June 2020

Enantiodivergence is an important concept in asymmetric catalysis that enables access to both enantiomers of a product relying on the same chiral source. This strategy is particularly appealing as an alternate approach when only one enantiomer of the required chiral ligand is readily accessible but both enantiomers of the product are desired. Despite their potential significance, general catalytic methods to induce reversal in enantioselectivity remain underdeveloped. Herein we report our studies focused on elucidating the origin of enantioselectivity reversal in Lewis acid-catalyzed Michael additions relying on the same enantiomer of ligand as the chiral source. Our results provide a detailed mechanistic understanding of this transformation based on experimental and computational investigations which reveal the important interplay between kinetics and thermodynamics responsible for the observed enantiodivergence.
Insights into Kinetics of Magnesium Removal by Titain Yellow Supported on Classic Thiourea-Formaldehyde Resin
Authors: Elwakeel Khalid
Published: June 2020

It was evaluated for the adsorption behavior and the underlying kinetics of magnesium sorption on Titian yellow (TY) supported on thiourea-formaldehyde resin (TF). The results of analyzing sorption behavior showed that the sorption environment had different effects on the sorption of Mg(II) ions. It could be found that pH had the best sorption effect on Mg(II) ions, The maximum adsorption capacity of Mg was 19.45 mg g−1 when it was at initial pH = 10.5. Under the optimal conditions, the maximum sorption capacities of Mg(II) ions was 19.45 mg g−1. Therefore, TF-TY was found to be a most efficient adsorbent for Mg(II) removal from water.
Photocatalytic Aided Removal of Nitrogen Oxides and VOCs from Outdoor Environment: Graphene as a Highway for Electron Mobility in TiO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Tobaldi David Maria , Dvoranova Dana , Lajaunie Luc , rozman nejc , Figueiredo Bruno , Seabra Maria Paula , sever skapin andrijana , Calvino José , Brezova Vlasta , Labrincha Joao Antonio
Published: June 2020

Outdoor and indoor air pollution is a global environmental concern in modern society. Although many policies and regulations on air quality have been promulgated worldwide over the past decades, airborne pollution still negatively affects health and therefore the life-style of human beings. One of the strategies to challenge this problem might be reducing the amount of airborne pollutant by mineralising them via photoinduced reactions. Photocatalytic oxidation of gaseous pollutants via titanium dioxide is one of the most investigated solar photochemical reactions. In this research work, by means of a green sol-gel procedure, we have coupled titania to graphene (0.5 and 1.0 wt%) aiming to increase the solar photocatalytic activity of the produced hybrid materials. The photocatalytic reactions were assessed by monitoring the removal of nitrogen oxides and two different volatile organic compounds (benzene and isopropanol). Photocatalytic mechanism was investigated by means of EPR spin trapping experiments.Our results highlight the exceptional characteristics of the TiO2/graphene hybrid material (1.0 wt% graphene), and its suitability for multi-purpose applications in the field of environmental remediation. Compared to unmodified titania, the hybrid material with 1.0 wt% graphene shows a clear enhancement in the photocatalytic removal of those hazardous pollutants – corresponding to more than twice the photocatalytic degradation rate. In addition, the same material is highly stable and shows fully recyclability over repeated tests. Hybrid titania-graphene materials could thus be exploited to grant a safer outdoor and indoor environments, having a beneficial impact on public health and thus on the quality of our lives.
Unassisted Noise-Reduction of Chemical Reactions Data Sets
Authors: Toniato Alessandra , Schwaller Philippe , Cardinale Antonio , Geluykens Joppe , Laino Teodoro
Published: June 2020

Existing deep learning models applied to reaction prediction in organic chemistry are able to reach extremely high levels of accuracy (> 90% for NLP- based ones1). With no chemical knowledge embedded than the information learnt from reaction data, the quality of the data sets plays a crucial role in the performance of the prediction models. While human curation is prohibitively expensive, the need for unaided approaches to remove chemically incorrect entries from existing data sets is essential to improve the performance of artificial intelligence models in synthetic chemistry tasks. Here we propose a machine learning-based, unassisted approach to remove chemically wrong entries (noise) from chemical reaction collections. Results show that models trained on cleaned and balanced data sets improve the quality of the predictions without a decrease in performance. For the retrosynthetic models the round-trip accuracy is enhanced by 13% and the value of the cumulative Jensen Shannon metric is lowered down to 70% of its original value, while maintaining high values of coverage (97%) and constant class-diversity (1.6) at inference.
Transition between [R]- and [S]-Stereoisomers without Bond Breaking
Authors: Raghunathan Shampa , Yadav Komal , Rojisha V. C. , Jaganade Tanashree , Prathyusha V. , Bikkina Swetha , Lourderaj Upakarasamy , Priyakumar U. Deva
Published: June 2020

We for the first time shown that transition between (R) and (S) stereoisomers via a planar transition state or an intermediate structure without having to break a bond is possible. Rigorous theoretical calculations have been used to study this novel phenomenon and to characterize the energetic, structure, dynamic and kinetic properties.
Cross-sectoral detection of the Return on Equity determinants based on the 7-factor DuPont model
Authors: Gawęda Adrian , Sajnóg Artur
Published: June 2020

Background: The basis for the research was the assessment of the financial data results of several companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange, directly collected from the EMIS database as well as said companies’ websites, during the horizon from 2008 until 2017.

Research purpose: The main objective of the paper was to use the 7-factor DuPont model to calculate the cross-sectoral detection of the fundamental determinants of Return on Equity (RoE) of several companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange operating in the industrial sector, the consumer goods sector, and the trade and services sector, as of the 8th of December 2018. The re­searchers hypothesised that there would be cross-sectional differentiation of RoE elements, as each of them are elements of the 7-factor Du Point model.

Methods: The paper analysed selected descriptive statistics of every component of the 7-factor Du­Pont model, used the version of the Pearson correlation coefficient that closely follows the t-distribu­tion in order to examined correlations between individual components of the DuPont model and return on equity, and constructed an Ordinary Least Squared (OLS) model assessing the impact of the seven components of the DuPont model in the period t on the surveyed companies’ RoE in the period t.

Conclusions: The hypothesis was that cross-sectoral difference of RoE elements would be found according to the DuPont model. However, the evidence disproved the hypothesis, suggesting that the Capital Multiplier was the leading factor shaping the level of RoE in the companies, and with the Capital Multiplier also expressing a negative correlation of moderate strength to companies’ RoE.
A study on the ineffectiveness of Japan’s Stewardship Code (2014) confronted with Japan’s Fair Disclosure Rule (2018)
Authors: Masuyama Takashi
Published: June 2020

Background: Abenomics is a policy mix that was designed and introduced by the Liberal Dem­ocratic Party (LDP) in Japan. It aims to revive the Japanese economy and has been advocated by Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and his Cabinet since December 2012. Since 1989, Japan has experienced a severe financial crisis and almost 30 years of economic stagnation, known as the “Lost Decades”.

Research purpose: This study examines the ineffectiveness of one of Abenomics’ solutions, Japan’s Stewardship Code (2014), “the Code,” confronted with Japan’s Fair Disclosure Rule (2018). The Code aims to both enhance returns for financial investors and foster the corporate value and sus­tainable growth of investee companies. The purpose of this study is, first, to clarify the relationship between stock prices and earnings-to-price ratios in the Japanese stock market, reflecting the worst performance period of 1989–2018, when stock prices continuously declined. The second is to judge whether it is meaningful or meaningless to carry out the Code from a long-term investors’ perspective.

Methods: I used an approach by Brealey, Myers, and Allen (2008), where a discount dividend model and the net present value of future-growth opportunities are discussed.

Conclusions: I concluded that it would surely be ineffective to carry out the Code in Japan.
Wzajemne uznawanie kolejowych regulacji technicznych w umowach Unii Europejskiej o wolnym handlu
Authors: Siudecki Jan
Published: June 2020

Przedmiot badań: Podczas gdy liczba barier technicznych w handlu rośnie, ostatnie badanie na temat konkurencyjności przemysłu zaopatrzenia kolei, zlecone przez Komisję Europejską, pokazuje rosnące znaczenie dostępu do rynków zagranicznych dla europejskich producentów taboru i urzą­dzeń kolejowych. Dotyczy to także producentów krajowych, którzy w ostatnich latach weszli na zagraniczne rynki. Dodatkowo, coraz mocniejsza jest presja konkurencyjna ze strony producentów azjatyckich, co potwierdzają dążenia konsolidacyjne w Europie. Jednym z istotnych narzędzi libe­ralizacji handlu, które może zapewnić większą dostępność rynków zbytu, jest wzajemne uznawanie.

Cel badawczy: Autor zmierza do ustalenia, czy wzajemne uznawanie jest stosowane w europej­skiej polityce handlowej odnośnie do kolejowych regulacji technicznych, oraz jakie są przesłanki i warunki niezbędne do jego zastosowania. Analiza zmierza do sformułowania wskazówek od­nośnie do zastosowania mechanizmów wzajemnego uznawania w negocjowanych obecnie umo­wach handlowych.

Metoda badawcza: Porównane zostaje wzajemne uznawanie w prawie Unii Europejskiej i na podstawie Porozumienia w sprawie Barier Technicznych w Handlu. Przeanalizowane ponadto zostają umowy handlowe zawarte pomiędzy Unią oraz czterema państwami będącymi istotnymi eksporterami wyrobów kolejowych.

Wyniki: Wzajemne uznawanie odnośnie do regulacji kolejowych nie jest stosowane w umo­wach handlowych zawieranych przez Unię Europejską. Częściej państwa trzecie zobowiązują się do dostosowania do regulacji unijnych, jednocześnie udostępniając swój rynek producentom ze wspólnoty. Autor proponuje bazowanie w przyszłych umowach handlowych na postanowie­niach umowy CETA w celu zapewnienia skutecznych mechanizmów wzajemnego uznawania. Postanowienia te przewidują szczegółowe procedury oceny konkretnych wymagań technicznych i obowiązki informowania o ich zmianach.
Regulacje typu Ag-Gag w Stanach Zjednoczonych – kontekst społeczny, ewolucja i charakterystyka
Authors: Skowron Radosław T.
Published: June 2020

Przedmiot badań: Przedmiotem artykułu jest ewolucja, charakterystyka oraz społeczna rola re­gulacji typu Ag-Gag w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Rozwiązania te, niespotykane Europie, a w Pol­sce mogące uchodzić za zupełnie egzotyczne, penalizują fotografowanie i filmowanie na terenie zakładów mięsnych bez zgody właściciela, zatrudnianie się w zakładach mięsnych pod pozorem, wchodzenie na teren takich zakładów pod pozorem oraz brak zawiadomienia organów ścigania i służb weterynaryjnych o zaobserwowanym naruszaniu praw zwierząt na terenie zakładów mię­snych w ciągu 24 godzin od zaobserwowania naruszenia przez zawiadamiającego.

Cel badawczy: Celem pracy jest analiza regulacji typu Ag-Gag oraz próba odpowiedzi na py­tanie, jaki jest wpływ tych regulacji zarówno na ochronę zwierząt, bezpieczeństwo żywności, ochronę środowiska i ochronę miejsc pracy w rolnictwie, jak i na ramy debaty publicznej oraz wolności słowa kształtującej wypowiedzi dotyczące dobrostanu zwierząt oraz praktyk dominują­cych w przemyśle mięsnym.

Metoda badawcza: Autor, po pierwsze, przy zastosowaniu metody historycznej i porównawczej przedstawia rozwój stanowych i federalnych przepisów, które działalność organizacji prozwierzę­cych traktowały jako terroryzm, oraz regulacji typu food libel laws, które utrudniły lub wyelimi­nowały realną krytykę branży mięsnej w przestrzeni publicznej, a po drugie, przy zastosowaniu metody formalno-dogmatycznej analizuje wzorce i cechy rozwiązań typu Ag-Gag na przestrzeni różnych stanów i trzech ostatnich dekad. 1

Wnioski: W konkluzji Autor stwierdza, że regulacje typu Ag-Gag okazały się efektywnym narzę­dziem skrępowania prężnie rozwijającego się ruchu prozwierzęcego w Stanach Zjednoczonych oraz instrumentem wyhamowania publicznej debaty na temat standardów traktowania zwierząt na farmach i ubojniach. Równocześnie brak jest dowodów, by regulacje typu Ag-Gag miały do­broczynny wpływ na deklarowane przez ich zwolenników cele, to jest bezpieczeństwo żywności, ochronę środowiska oraz bezpieczeństwo i higienę pracy w rolnictwie. Nadrzędnym i dominu­jącym efektem przyjętych rozwiązań okazało się skuteczne zamrożenie wolności wypowiedzi w poszczególnych fazach jej tworzenia i rozpowszechniania.
The Great Recession’s Effect on Entrepreneurship
Authors: Shane Scott
Published: June 2020

Between December 2007 and June 2009, the United States suffered its biggest economic downturn since the Great Depression. Dubbed the Great Recession, this economic contraction saw gross domestic product decline 4 percent and the unemployment rate more than double from 4.9 percent to 10.1 percent.
Do Bank Branches Matter Anymore?
Authors: Ergungor O. Emre
Published: June 2020

Bank branches have been disappearing in some major metropolitan areas, as their populations and economic activity decline. Our research suggests that brick-and-mortar branches provide tangible benefits to consumers, especially in low- and moderate-income neighborhoods. When branches are located in these areas, borrowers living there default less and have greater access to credit.
DAMPAK PEMANFAATAN BEASISWA BIDIKMISI MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN SOSIOLOGI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MAKASSAR
Authors: Septian Ayu , Ahmad M. Ridwan Said
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui; 1) Pemanfaatan beasiswa bidikmisi pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Sosiologi Universitas Negeri Makassar. 2) Dampak pemanfaatan beasiswa bidikmisi pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Sosiologi Universitas Negeri Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik penentuan informan adalah purposive sampling, dengan informan berjumlah 12 orang dengan kriteria yaitu mahasiswa Pendidikan Sosiologi UNM penerima beasiswa bidikmisi angkatan 2015-2018 yang berstatus aktif kuliah, mahasiswa yang nilai IPKnya meningkat, dan mahasiswa yang nilai IPKnya menurun. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini kemudian dianalisis dengan tahapan kondensasi data, model data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Teknik pengabsahan data menggunakan member check. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, 1) Mahasiswa Pendidikan Sosiologi UNM penerima beasiswa bidikmisi memanfaatkan beasiswa bidikmisinya untuk memenuhi (a) kebutuhan akademik seperti kebutuhan sarana pembelajaran misalnya membeli buku, alat tulis, laptop, serta biaya print dan foto copy, (b) kebutuhan non akademik seperti kebutuhan sehari-hari, fashion, membeli handphone, traktir teman, transportasi dan pulsa/paket data. 2) Dampak dari pemanfaatan beasiswa bidikmisi terhadap mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Sosiologi UNM terdiri atas dampak positif dan negatif. Adapun dampak positifnya, yaitu meningkatkan motivasi belajar. Sedangkan dampak negatifnya yaitu nilai IPK menurun dan perilaku konsumtif meningkat.
STRATEGI SISWA KELUARGA MISKIN DALAM MEMEMPERTAHANKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR DI SMA NEGERI 4 TAKALAR
Authors: Rezky Yuyun Nur , Arifin Zainal
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: 1) Starategi siswa keluarga miskin dalam mempertahankan prestasi belajar di SMA Negeri 4 Takalar. dan 2) Bentuk dukungan orangtua terhadap siswa keluarga miskin dalam mempertahankan prestasi belajar di SMA Negeri 4 Takalar. Jenis penelitian ini kualitatif deskriptif dengan penentuan informan melalui teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria yaitu siswa kelas XII yang berprestasi dari peringkat 1-3 yang mendapatkan kartu indonesia pintar dan orangtua siswa kelas XII yang berprestasi dari peringkat 1-3 yang mendapatkan kartu indonesia pintar, dengan jumlah informan 22 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data kualitatif deskriptif melalui tiga tahap yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Teknik pengabshan data menggunakan member check. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1)Strategi siswa keluarga miskin dalam mempertahankan prestasi belajar di SMA Negeri 4 Takalar: (a) Strategi hubungan b) strategi kognitif dan (c) strategi komunikasi. 2) Bentuk dukungan orangtua terhadap siswa keluarga miskin dalam mempertahankan prestasi belajar di SMA Negeri 4 Takalar, yakni:(a) dukungan finansial. (b) dukungan motivasi dan (c) dukungan pola didik.
Conductive Thermoplastic Starch (TPS) Composite Filled with Waste Iron Filings
Authors: Battistelli Danilo , Ferreira Diana P. , Costa Sofia , Santulli Carlo , Fangueiro Raul
Published: June 2020

A thermoplastic starch (TPS) was produced, starting with potato starch, glycerol and acetic acid, to shape it in films of thickness around 100 microns. To TPS iron waste filing particles, in the amount of 12% the weight of starch, were introduced in different modalities: as received, reduced in size by the use of a mortar, after treatment with hydrochloric acid, and after treatment and removal of hydrochloric acid. Morphological studies were carried out by optical and scanning electron microscopy and illustrated that the dispersion of iron filings was not optimal, though some improvement was observed by a reduced dimension of the particles. Tensile tests indicated the considerable improvement of stiffness offered by the insertion of iron particles to TPS, although the ultimate strain was reduced to less than 10%. Thermal characterization using thermogravimetry allowed revealing the three typical peaks for potato starch degradation, with only a slight decrease due to iron introduction. EDS allowed evaluating the presence of impurities in the iron filings and evidenced that the presence of iron was more effective on the surface than in the rest of the film. As a final consideration, An improvement in electrical conductivity by over an order of magnitude was obtained by the TPS+Fe+HCl film with respect to pure TPS.
A Non-local Model of the Propagation of Action Potentials in Myelinated Neurons
Authors: Drapaca Corina Stefania , Ozdemir Sahin , Proctor Elizabeth
Published: June 2020

Myelinated neurons are characterized by the presence of myelin, a multilaminated wrapping around the axons formed by specialized neuroglial cells. Myelin acts as an electrical insulator and therefore, in myelinated neurons, the action potentials do not propagate within the axons but happen only at the nodes of Ranvier which are gaps in the axonal myelination. Recent advancements in brain science have shown that the shapes, timings, and propagation speeds of these so-called saltatory action potentials are controlled by various biochemical interactions among neurons, glial cells and the extracellular space. Given the complexity of brain’s structure and processes, the work hypothesis made in this paper is that non-local effects are involved in the optimal propagation of action potentials. A non- local model of the action potentials propagation in myelinated neurons is proposed that involves spatial derivatives of fractional order. The effects of non- locality on the distribution of the membrane potential are investigated using numerical simulations.
Activation Level and Probabilities of Electromagnetic γ-transitions in the Reaction 77Se(γ,γ’)77mSe
Authors: Zhaba Viktor , Gohman Eduard
Published: June 2020

The dependence of the absolute yield from energies for reaction (γ,γ’)m on the nucleus 77Se was approximated by fit dependences (lines). Due to the visually detected fracture of the reaction yield, the energy interval 5.75-8.0 MeV is conventionally divided into two parts. For the transition step as one experimental point, the left part was approximated to 6.6 MeV, and the right part - from 6.26 MeV. There approximations were eight for both intervals. Given the features of the calculation and the minimum values for χ2, the "best" two fits are approximation dependences in the neighborhood of the intersection point x0 for the left and right arrays of energies. The energy for the activation level (the intersection point for these functions) is Ea≈6.35 MeV. The scheme of electromagnetic γ- transitions for nucleus 77Se are constructed and analyzed. Possible transitions to the isomeric level from higher levels are indicated. Weiskopf model was used to estimate the values of the reduced probabilities of electric EJ- and magnetic MJ- transitions, the probabilities of transitions per unit time and half-life. The theoretical values of the half-lives T1/2 are compared with the experimental data. Prospects for further use of the obtained results for topical problems of nuclear physics are discussed.
Sieving Extremely Wet Earth Mass by Means of Oscillatory Transporting Platform
Authors: Mihajlović Goran , Živković Milutin
Published: June 2020

The experience acquired from the exploitation has shown that problems in the work of oscillatory platforms appear after heavy rains, i.e. when the soil moisture (w) is greatly increased. Then the effect of transportation and sieving is the weakest, due to sticking moist earth for grille of the platform. Therefore, the main aim of this article was to create a complex theoretical and practical mathematical model of the processes mentioned above, in order to test how the platform works in extreme working conditions after abundant and prolonged rains. Therefore, complete research is divided into two characteristic phases: theoretical phase and experimental phase. In the theoretical research phase, dynamic modeling of the process of sieving of extremely wet earth mass was performed using the transmissional function analysis method and the method of Laplace transforms [1]. The Novelty in the theoretical model given by Equation 3 is that the existing model for sieving dry earth mass [2] has been improved by introducing delay coefficient Kt =[0...1]. In the experimental research phase, the original mathematical model was created using the multi-factor experiment plan method which will be shown, while the analysis of the experimental parameters was performed in three characteristic steps: regression analysis- dispersion analysis- decoding mathematical model [3].
Practices and Challenges of Guidance and Counseling Services in Secondary Schools
Authors: Arfasa Aminu Jibril , Weldmeskel Fisseha Mikrie
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study was to examine the practices and challenges of guidance and counseling services in southwest Ethiopia secondary schools with the intention of understanding the state of secondary school guidance and counseling and forward improvement options to student service. The study employs a descriptive survey design that involves quantitative and qualitative research methods. The study participants were 392 students and 108 teachers who were selected from the secondary schools of southwest Ethiopia by systematic random sampling. Moreover, 8 counselors, 8 principals, and 8 educational bureau officers were selected by a means of availability sampling.  The data for the study were collected by the administration of questionnaires and the use of oral interviews. The quantitative data were analyzed using the frequency of student visits to guidance and counseling office and mean perception score on practices of guidance and counseling. The qualitative data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method with a focus on the major challenges of guidance and counseling services in the sampled schools. The result of the study showed that the majority of secondary school students never visit guidance and counseling offices. The mean perception score of students and teachers towards the usefulness of the service was positive though the provision was either very much limited or most of the time unavailable. The services of guidance and counseling are also influenced by several challenges such as the lack of professionally trained counselors and the required facilities. The researchers conclude the implication of guidance and counseling service and the associated challenges to considerably influence secondary school student learning and personal wellbeing.
Ultrasonic-Driven Spreading of Liquid Solder on Nonwetting Substrates
Authors:   American Welding Society, XU ZHIWU , LI ZHENGWEI , MA LIN , BO JUNLAN , YAN JIUCHUN
Published: June 2020

In this work, the spreading of a solder droplet on a substrate agitated by ultrasonic vibration was recorded by a high-speed camera. The dynamics and physical processes of the spreading, such as corrugate formation and atomization, were investigated. Results showed the solder droplet was able to spread on a nonwetting substrate, and it presented periodic expanding-shrinking spreading characteristics with a periodicity of dozens of acoustic periods. Corrugates formed as a result of the capillary wave propagation on the droplet, and the formation became intensive on a violently vibrating surface. Atomization preferentially occurred at the spreading front during solder expansion, where the liquid solder appeared as a film and burst on the whole droplet with strong vibration. High ultrasonic power resulted in fast spreading and a large spreading diameter. In particular, the solder droplet exhibited fast spreading and a large spreading diameter on the TC4 alloy with high characteristic impedance. The Sn-4Cu solder with large viscosity spread slowly and exhibited a small spreading diameter.
Pendidikan Etnis Tionghoa di Kota Makassar
Authors: Irwan Irwan
Published: June 2020

This study aims to investigate the influence of character formation in environmental education ethnic Chinese family in the city of Makassar, the role of teachers in the school environment, and efforts to maintain the culture of Chinese ethnic studies. This study used a descriptive approach qualitative data collection techniques, observation, interviews, and observations. Through the results showed that, education environment ethnic Chinese families in the process of guiding, teaching, and training were influenced family circumstances. The role of parents is very influential in implementing and running a learning culture that taught the value of Chinese ethnic ancestry. The teacher's role in guiding the cultural values of ethnic Chinese are not optimally obtained in the school environment. This is due to the absence of a special school in Makassar ethnic Chinese. In the process of the social life of the Chinese people has always maintained a culture that will continue to exist and survive in the community are the majority so that they retain their culture. By continuing to learn traditional Chinese people, this is what makes the Chinese people to survive until today.
Lembaga Adat Pasitabe di Kabupaten Luwu Timur (1992-2011)
Authors: Kulyasin Kulyasin
Published: June 2020

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Lembaga Adat Pasitabe lahir sebagai akibat dari pergolakan yang terjadi di Sulawesi Selatan Pada dekade 50 hingga 60 yang membuat kondisi dan situasi sangat tidak aman bagi sebagian masyarakat Sulawesi Selatan khususnya di Tana Luwu yang sebagian besar masyarakatnya terdiri dari sub-sub etnis. Dengan alasan inilah kemudian sub etnis yang berada di Tana Luwu termaksud juga Suku Padoe, Karunsiâ€™e danTambeâ€™e eksodus ke tempat lain. Rangkaian pertemuan telah dilakukan untuk demi tercapainya tujuan membentuk kelompok kesatuan antara Suku Padoe, karunsiâ€™e, dan Suku Tambeâ€™eyaitu pada tahun 1962 di Taliwan, pertemuan kedua pada tahun 1984 di Pakatan dan pertemuan ketiga terjadi di Wawondula pada tahun sekaligus sebagai tahun terbentuknya Lembaga Adat Pasitabe secara resmi dengan jalan musyawarah mufakat. Masa perkembangan Lembaga Adat Pasitabe dimulai diri tahun 1992 dimana di tahun ini Pasitabe telah resmi mendeklarasikan diri sebagai sebuah Lembaga Adat kemudian pelestarian budaya yang dilakukan hingga saat ini memberikan hasil yang positif dengan cara memberi pendidikan kepada generasi muda serta selalu menjadikannya sebagai sebuah peradaban nenek moyang yang semestinya dijaga. Lembaga Adat Pasitabe memberi pengaruh pada beberapa aspek kehidupan baik sosial, budaya dan politik, dalam aspek sosial Pasitabe telah berhasil mengembalikan kepercayaan diri masyarakat adat.Budaya dan adat istiadat kembali lestari dan antusias dalam berpartisipasi politik pun sangat besar. Karena berdasarkan hasil temuan yang telah diperoleh disarankan agar pemerintah lebih memperhatikan lembaga adat dengan baik apa lagi terkait dengan tanah ulayat dan pelestarian budaya setempat.
Mattampung Massal di Desa Harapan Kecamatan Tanete Riaja Kabupaten Barru
Authors: Rahmi Nur
Published: June 2020

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Fungsi dari di laksanakannya mattampung di Desa Harapan selain meneruskan kebiasaan orang tua terdahulu, mattampung juga berfungsi sebagai penanda untuk generasi-generasi berikutnya dalam menegenali anak saudara atau keluarga yang telah lebih dahulu meninggal. (2) mattampung massal dilaksanakan satu kali dalam satu tahun setiap bulan oktober.setelah adanya keputusan dari dewan adat yang didapatkan melalui proses musyawarah.mattampung massal dilaksanakan dengan mempersiapkan ayam kampong daun sirih dan buah pinang,ayam sebanyak tiga ekor akan di bacakan doa kemuadia di berikan kepada ketua adat dan dibawa ke makam orang yang telah meninggal sebagai makanan orang yang telah meninggal karena masyarakat mempercayai ketika orang yang telah meninggal belum ditampung maka masih bisa makan layaknya orang yang masih hidup. (3) Nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam pelaksanaan mattampung dalam segi social adalah nilai gotong royong,nilai kearifan atau kebersamaan dan nilai silaturahmi. Sedangkan dalam segi ekonomi masyarakat sangat terbantu dengan adanya mattampung massal.
Identifikasi Permasalahan-Permasalahan dalam Pembelajaran IPS
Authors: Rahmawati B. Fitri , Zidni Zidni
Published: June 2020

Mata pelajaran IPS merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang dibelajarkan secara terintegarasi di tingkat SMP. Pembelajaran terintegrasi ini menimbulkan persoalan tersendiri dalam pembelajaran IPS. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan-permasalahan dalam pembelajaran IPS. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Informan yang digunakan adalah guru-guru dan siswa dari tujuh sekolah SMP/MTs. Metode pengumpulan data adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat diidentifikasi empat permasalahan yakni perilaku disruptif siswa, kurangnya sarana dan prasarana pembelajaran, guru kurang memahami materi di luar bidang ilmunya serta metode pembelajaran yang kurang variatif. Perilaku disruptif siswa yang teridentifikasi adalah berkeliaran dan bermain-main ketika pembelajaran berlangsung, susah diatur, tidak mengerjakan tugas yang diberikan, membuat keributan di dalam kelas, tidak memperhatikan, dan mengantuk. Sedangkan sarana-dan prasarana pembelajaran yang dianggap masih kurang adalah buku dan media pembelajaran. Guru juga merasa kesulitan dalam memahami materi pelajaran di luar bidangnya dan metode pembelajaran yang digunakan kurang variatif karena lebih banyak menggunakan metode ceramah.
Minimal or No Touch Electrocardiography Recording and Remote Heart Rhythm Monitoring during COVID-19 Pandemic Era
Authors: Tondas Alexander Edo , Halim Rolando Agustian , Guyanto Moza
Published: June 2020

At the end of year 2019, the world faced an outbreak of a highly virulent novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which changed the way physicians, including cardiologists, do their routine clinical practice. As distance limitation and efficient use of personal protective devices must be employed to prevent the pandemic spreading, even simple electrocardiogram (ECG) taking that involves directly placing electrode leads on a patient’s body may become riskier. This review will discuss the possibility of minimal or no touch EKG using the latest wireless technologies, beneficial in monitoring COVID-19 patients for cardiovascular problems or patients who seek cardiac care, but with posing risk of concomitant COVID-19.
Ilm al-Lughah fi al-Turats al-Arabiy wa 'Inda al-Gharb: Muqanah Tathowwuratihi wa Maudhuatihi 'Inda al-Arab wa al-Gharb
Authors: Permata Bagus Andrian
Published: June 2020

Keberadaan al-Qu’ran tanpa diragukan merupakan pengakuan secara eksistensial bahwa bahasa Arab memiliki nilai linguistik dan sastra yang melebihi bahasa lain di dunia ini. Jauh sebelum muncul dan berkembangnya ilmu bahasa, penduduk Arab sudah memiliki peradaban maju dalam kesustraan dan kebahasaan, hal tersebut dapat dibuktikan dengan berbagai macam kajian kebahasaan Arab mulai jaman Rasulullah Muhammad saw hingga sekarang yang masih tetap memiliki keistememaan dan keindahan yang menarik untuk diungkap. Kajian mengenai (linguistik) bahasa Arab sudah dilakukan oleh para ulama’ jauh hari sebelum Barat menemukan jati diri kebahasaannya. Meskipun dinamika kajian bahasa Arab selalu berkembang mengikuti perkembangan keilmuan, khususnya dalam bidang kebahasaan, namun bahasa Arab tidak pernah tercabut dari akarnya dan masih tetap murni, hal tersebut dikarenakan keberadaan al-Qur’an yang menjadi kitab suci agama Islam dan juga sebagai perisai bagi kemurnian bahasa Arab. Berbeda dengan bahasa Arab adalah bahasa latin (Inggris), meskipun sekarang memiliki popularitas dan pengaruh dalam dunia global namun dalam jejak sejarahnya tidak bisa lepas dari politik dan filsafat Yunani. Oleh sebab itu, ditinjau dari perspektif historis, bahasa Inggris saat ini tidaklah semurni bahasa Arab. Melalui tulisan ini, peneliti mencoba mengkaji secara komparatif terkait sejarah perkembangan dan tema kajian linguistik Arab dan Barat (latin) pada periode klasik dan pertengahan, juga bagaimana karakteristik keduanya yang dipengaruhi oleh dinamika keagamaan, sosiologi dan politik. Kajian ini sangat penting untuk menjembatani kajian linguistik kontemporer, khususnya kajian linguistik Arab.
The Potential of Telepresence for Increasing Advanced Course Access in High Schools
Authors: Darling-Aduana Jennifer , Heinrich Carolyn
Published: June 2020

The adoption of telepresence technology in K–12 schools potentially expands students’ access to course offerings and new ways of learning, but little is known about its implementation and promise for improving student outcomes. We employ a mixed-methods analysis to examine the experiences of students and teachers in telepresence courses in a large, urban school district as well as student learning outcomes and access to advanced placement courses. Findings from fixed effects models indicate improved access to advanced courses and higher ACT scores among students enrolled in telepresence courses. In surveys, students and teachers reported generally favorable perceptions about the enhanced opportunities for advanced course-taking and collaboration across schools afforded by the telepresence technology.
School Closures in Chicago: What Happened to the Teachers?
Authors: Lee Helen , Sartain Lauren
Published: June 2020

In 2013, the Chicago Board of Education closed 47 elementary schools, directly affecting 13,000 students and 900 teachers. The closures created employment uncertainty for closed-school teachers, and this article investigates the labor market consequences for teachers. We employ a difference-in-differences approach that compares the exit rates of closed-school teachers with teachers in schools that only experienced threat of closure. We estimate that the closures resulted in a near doubling of teacher exit among teachers in closed schools, particularly among low-performing teachers. We also find that, among closed-school teachers, Black teachers were more likely to return than White teachers. Given the nationwide trend of school closures for budgetary or performance reasons, this article has implications for strategic retention of effective teachers.
Helping Parents Navigate the Early Childhood Education Enrollment Process: Experimental Evidence From New Orleans
Authors: Weixler Lindsay , Valant Jon , Bassok Daphna , Doromal Justin B. , Gerry Alica
Published: June 2020

Enrolling in publicly funded early childhood education involves searching for programs, applying, verifying eligibility, and registering with the program. Many families do not complete this process, despite demonstrated interest. In this study, we assessed support for families as they verify eligibility as a means for increasing enrollment completion rates. Working with district administrators, we randomly assigned families to receive either (a) the district’s usual, modest communications; (b) the usual communications plus weekly text message reminders with a formal tone; or (c) the usual communications plus weekly personalized, friendly text message reminders. Text message reminders increased verification rates by seven percentage points (regardless of tone), and personalized messages increased enrollment rates for some groups. Exchanges between parents and administrators revealed the obstacles parents confronted.
Possible vegetation change in Mountain Altai under climate warming and compiling the prognosis maps
Authors: Parfenova E. I. , Chebakova N. M.
Published: June 2020

Global climate warming is expected to be a new factor influencing vegetation redistribution and productivity in the XXI century. In this paper possible vegetation change in Mountain Altai under global warming is evaluated. The attention is focused on forest vegetation being one of the most important natural resources for the regional economy.

A bioclimatic model of correlation between vegetation and climate is used to predict vegetation change (Parfenova, Tchebakova 1998). In the model, a vegetation class — an altitudinal vegetation belt (mountain tundra, dark- coniferous subalpine open woodland, light-coniferous subgolets open woodland, dark-coniferous mountain taiga, light-coniferous mountain taiga, chern taiga, subtaiga and forest-steppe, mountain steppe) is predicted from a combination of July Temperature (JT) and Complex Moisture Index (CMI). Borders between vegetation classes are determined by certain values of these two climatic indices. Some bioclimatic regularities of vegetation distribution in Mountain Altai have been found: 1. Tundra is separated from taiga by the JT value of 8.5°C; 2. Dark- coniferous taiga is separated from light-coniferous taiga by the CMI value of 2.25; 3. Mountain steppe is separated from the forests by the CMI value of 4.0. 4. Within both dark-coniferous and light-coniferous taiga, vegetation classes are separated by the temperature factor.

For the spatially model of vegetation distribution in Mountain Altai within the window 84 E — 90 E and 48 N — 52 N, the DEM (Digital Elevation Model) was used with a pixel of 1 km resolution. In a GIS Package IDRISI for Windows 2.0, climatic layers were developed based on DEM and multiple regressions relating climatic indices to physiography (elevation and latitude). Coupling the map of climatic indices with the authors' bioclimatic model resulted into a vegetation map for the region of interest. Visual comparison of the modelled vegetation map with the observed geobotanical map (Kuminova, 1960; Ogureeva, 1980) showed a good similarity between them.

The new climatic indices map was developed under the climate change scenario with summer temperature increase 2°C and annual precipitation increase 20% (Menzhulin, 1998). For most mountains under such climate change scenario vegetation belts would rise 300—400 m on average.

Under current climate, the dark-coniferous and light-coniferous mountain taiga forests dominate throughout Mountain Altai. The chern forests are the most productive and floristically rich and are also widely distributed. Under climate warming, light-coniferous mountain taiga may be expected to transform into subtaiga and forest-steppe and dark-coniferous taiga may be expected to transform partly into chern taiga. Other consequences of warming may happen such as the increase of forest productivity within the territories with sufficient rainfall and the increase of forest fire occurrence over territories with insufficient rainfall.
Educators’ perceptions of mathematically gifted students and a socially supportive learning environment – A case study of a Finnish upper secondary school
Authors: Haataja Eeva , Laine Anu , Hannula Markku
Published: June 2020

This article explores five educators’ conceptions of the characteristics of mathematically gifted students and a social learning environment that supports their development in a school for mathematically gifted adolescents in Finland. We conducted this qualitative study through semi-structured interviews and participant observations in a Finnish upper secondary school with a special mathematics program. The research shows that gifted students and their educators form a tight community, the social learning environment of which supports shared motivation, healthy perfectionism, and practicing social skills. The results deepen the understanding of gifted education in the Finnish context and the significance of educators’ shared understanding of social activities as a basis for successful gifted education.
The three-factor model: A study of common features in students' attitudes towards studying and learning science and mathematics in the three countries of the North Calotte region
Authors: Tomperi Päivi , Ryzhkova Inna , Shestova Yulia , Lyash Oleg , Lazareva Irina , Lyash Asya , Kvivesen Mona , Manshadi Saeed , Uteng Stig
Published: June 2020

This study investigated common features of students' attitudes towards studying science and mathematics in comprehensive and secondary schools in three countries. Data were obtained by conducting a survey (N = 581) in Norway, Finland and Russia. A Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) provided a model with a three-factor solution consisting of factors: the perception of the teacher, anxiety towards science and mathematics, and motivation. The results suggest that most students are motivated to study sciences and mathematics. Data analysis indicate gender differences in attitudes to students' future studies and career plans.  Most girls recognized the importance of these subjects for their future studies and careers, while boys showed more interest than girls in local career opportunities in industry. Teachers have a significant role in directing students' attitudes toward science and mathematics. Students experienced that the teachers who use innovative teaching approaches, both motivate and reduce anxiety, in their learning process.
Semax for Epilepsy Treatment
Authors: Puspita Ratna
Published: June 2020

Epilepsy is a disruption of brain function that is characterized by abnormal depolarization of neurons. One signs of epilepsy is seizures, it is caused by brain injury. Epilepsy can cause morbidity and mortality, so many drugs used to treat epilepsy. But these drugs have negative health effects. This research was using semax peptide as alternative therapy, because it is a neuropeptide that directly acts on the central nervous system and free from hormonal activity, so it were not cause negative health effects. Moreover semax peptide is an antioxidant and it can synthesize some proteins in brain. The potency of semax peptide therapy on epilepsy rats can be analyzed by MDA level and profil proteins in brain. The epilepsy rats were prepared by in vivo using LiCl and pilocarpine. Then rats treated with 50 æg/kg body weight dose semax peptide. Analysis of MDA level were measured using TBA test while protein profile were determined using SDS-PAGE method. The result showed that semax peptide were reduce MDA level up to 40.46% and synthesize 3 kinds of proteins were not synthesized on epilepsy rats. Those proteins have molecular weights of 93.54 kDa, 66.76 kDa, and 59.66 kDa. In Conclusion, 50 æg/kg body weight dose semax peptide can be used for the treatment of epilepsy.
COST ANALYSIS OF GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE OVER CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE
Authors: Rajini B. , Rao A.V. Narasimha , C.Sashidhar
Published: June 2020

Now a days concrete is one of the widely used constructuction materials inconstruction industry.Portland cement is the main constituent for making concrete.Geopolymer can be consider as the key factor which does not utilize Portland cement,nor releases greenhouse gases.the geopolymer technology proposed byDavidovits(1978) shows considerable promise for application in concrete industry asan alternative binder to the Portland cement.He proposed that binders could beproposed by a polymeric reaction of alkaline liquids with the silicon and the aluminiumin source materials of geopolymer origin or by-product materials such as FlyAsh,Ground Granulated blast furnace slag ,Rice-Husk Ash etc.He termed these binderas geopolymers. Among the waste or by-product materials,Fly Ash and Slag are themost potential source of geopolymers.The objective of this project is to study the effect of class Fly Ash (FA) and GroundGranulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) on the micro properties of geopolymerconcrete (GPC) at different replacement levels (FA0-GGBS100, FA25-GGBS75, FA50-GGBS50, FA75-GGBS25, FA100-GGBS0)). Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and sodiumhydroxide (NaOH) solution will be used as alkaline activators. The molar ratio ofhydroxide solution considered in the investigation is 10M. The result shows that themechanical decrease with increase in FA content in the mix irrespective of differentcuring periods like 7, 28, 56 and 90 days at ambient room temperature