bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Winds of Change in World Politics and the Impact on Cyber Stability
Authors: Greiman Virginia
Published: January 2020

One of the greatest geopolitical challenges in the 21st century will be competing for the control of cyberspace, the 5th domain of cyberwarfare after land, sea, air, and space, and the major economic challenge of the time. With the advancement of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, autonomous vehicles, and unmanned drones, this challenge becomes even greater. This article explores through empirical evidence the interaction among the three powers that shape cyber intelligence and international security: globalism, regionalism, and nationalism. Recently, world politics has created a sense of urgency concerning the new world order and what that means for cyber security and the domain of cyberspace. With the recent cyberattacks targeting the American political system, the Foreign Ministry of the Czech Republic, the government of Croatia, and the 2017 attacks on the cyber systems operated by the Ukrainian government, there is concern about the stability of global connectedness and the potential for diminution of global boundaries. The concern about global stability raises the question of who controls cyberspace and who is accountable when things go wrong. The aim of the article is to advance a conceptualization for cyber governance frameworks for better control of cyber security by governments, intergovernmental organizations, and the private sector.
Pathogenicity of Stem-end Rot Associated Fungi Isolated from Karthakolomban Mango and Their Control by Spray and Fumigation Treatments with Selected Essential Oils
Authors: Kodituwakku T. D. , Abeywickrama K. , Karunanayake K. O. L. C.
Published: January 2020

Purpose: Stem-end rot (SER) is a major disease of mango that causes  serious postharvest losses. Application of fungicides is environmentally unsound and is being practiced currently in its control. This study was conducted to develop essential oil treatment systems as eco-friendly strategies to control SER of Karthakolomban mango and to determine the pathogenicity of several SER associated fungi.Research Method: Pathogenicity of four fungal isolates in SER was assessed by inoculating them on Karthakolomban mango fruits. Karthakolomban mango fruits were subjected to spray and fumigation treatments using four essential oils and their pathological, physicochemical and sensory properties were evaluated after a 8-day storage at 12 – 14 ºC.Findings: Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Pestalotiopsis sp., Phomopsis sp. and Xylaria feejeensis were the major SER pathogens of mango. X. feejeensis was identified as a SER pathogen for the first time in Sri Lanka. Spray and fumigation treatments conducted using basil, clove, cinnamon leaf and cinnamon bark oils effectively controlled SER of Karthakolomban mango stored at 12 – 14 ºC for 8 days. Mango sprayed with 1.6 µL/mL cinnamon bark oil has displayed no SER after induced ripening. None of the treatments caused drastic alterations in physicochemical and sensory properties of mango.Research Limitations: Storage period of mango was restricted to 8 days due to the initiation of natural ripening which was the major limitation to achieving a further enhanced shelf life.Originality/value: The treatment strategies developed by this research could be commercialized as bio-safe SER control strategies in reducing postharvest losses of mango in the local and international trade.
Free-choice Feeding of Three Different Dietary Calcium Sources and their Influence on Egg Quality Parameters of Commercial Layers
Authors: Rathnayaka R.M.D.B. , Mutucumarana R. K. , Andrew M. S.
Published: January 2020

Purpose: The study reported herein was conducted to determine the effects of choice feeding three different calcium (Ca) sources on external and internal egg quality parameters of commercial layers. Research Method: Three dietary Ca sources (oyster shells, limestone and bone meal) were choice fed ad libitumly along with a commercial layer feed. The birds fed only the commercial layer diet was used as the control. The experiment was conducted as a complete randomized design.  A total of 128, 55 weeks old Hy-line white layer hens (1500 ±21g) were assigned into 16 cages of 8 birds each. Four replicate cages were randomly assigned to each of the four dietary treatments. Bird’s performances were tested weekly. Twenty eggs from each treatment were collected weekly over five weeks period and were assessed for shell and internal quality parameters. Findings: Daily Ca intakes of birds affected significantly (P<0.05) by the Ca source. The birds fed oyster shells and limestone showed the highest (P<0.05) daily Ca intakes. Feeding bone meal significantly (P<0.05) reduced damaged shell percentage. Weekly body weight gain, weekly egg production and feed conversion ratio among treatments were similar (P>0.05). Dietary supplementation of Ca significantly (P<0.05) improved the egg weight. Shape index and shell ratios among treatments were similar (P>0.05). Feeding bone meal significantly (P<0.05) improved unit surface shell weight (USSW) and the shell thickness. Calcium supplementation had no effect (P>0.05) on albumen and yolk quality parameters of eggs. Originality/value: The present study concluded that feeding bone meal to commercial layers improves USSW, shell thickness thereby reducing egg damages. Calcium source has no influence in improving internal quality parameters of chicken eggs.
Mitigating Global Greenhouse Gas Emission: The Role of Trees as a Clean Mechanism For CO2 Sequestration
Authors: Adiaha Monday Sunday , Buba Aisha Haruna , Tangban Eji Ejor
Published: January 2020

Purpose: Globally, increase in average mean temperature of the earth has been a hindrance to human-health development, agricultural productivity including environmental sustainability. The situation is exacerbated by continual/increase in gas flaring, mismanagement of land that releases nitrous oxide (N2O) including ecological-disturbances and imbalance. To reduce the impact of greenhouse gas emission, especially in low-income regions, then using a bio-approach becomes imperative. Research Method: The work adopted a theoretical approach (data mining), x-raying/amplifying the important role trees plays in our environment towards reducing greenhouse gas emission. Findings: Trees has been found/confirmed to be able to capture and lock carbon in the form of CO2 in their biomass, thereby helping in reducing the amount of CO2 content in the atmosphere. Findings of this study revealed that trees act as a clean mechanism that can be used, and has been able to reduce CO2 content out of the atmosphere. Several reviewed research findings indicated a significant (p˂0.05) increase in carbon sequestration potential of various tree species. Research Limitations: Field verification for data obtained through data mining was only verified through literature search. Originality/value: The outcome of the study presented a view that trees can statistically act as a clean biological mechanism approach towards environmental, agricultural including human health sustainability in the face of climate change.
Successful planned pregnancy through vitrified-warmed embryo transfer in a woman with chronic myeloid leukemia: case report and literature review
Authors: Takahashi Toshifumi
Published: January 2020

A 35-year-old female patient with chronic myeloid leukemia wanted to have a child. She had been treated with imatinib and had achieved major molecular remission, after which imatinib was intentionally discontinued and interferon-α treatment was initiated. After three failed cycles of artificial insemination with her husband’s semen, the patient underwent treatment with assisted reproductive technology. After two cycles of in vitro fertilization, two embryos (8-cell stage and blastocyst) were cryopreserved. The patient again had elevated BCR/ABL mRNA levels; thus, infertility treatment was discontinued. After 18 months of dasatinib treatment, major molecular remission was observed and the patient underwent vitrified–warmed embryo transfer with a single blastocyst. Thereafter, she became pregnant. Discontinuation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors combined with the timely initiation of infertility treatments, including assisted reproductive technology, may be useful for treating women with CML who wish to become pregnant.
THE EVOLVING PHARMACOTHERAPEUTIC LANDSCAPE FOR THE TREATMENT OF SICKLE CELL DISEASE
Authors: Ballas Samir
Published: January 2020

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an extremely heterogeneous disease that has been associated with global morbidity and early mortality. More effective and inexpensive therapiesare needed. During the last five years the landscape of the pharmacotherapy of SCD has changed dramatically. Currently, there are at least 50 drugs that have been used or under consideration to use for the treatment of SCD. These fall into 3 categories: the first category includes the three drugs (Hydroxyurea, L-Glutamine and Crizanlizumab tmca) that have been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) based on successful clinical trials. The second category includes 22 drugs that failed, discontinued or terminated for now and the third category includes 25 drugs that are actively being considered for the treatment of SCD. New therapies targeting multiple pathways in its complex pathophysiology have been achieved or are under continued investigation. The emerging trend seems to be the use of multimodal drugs (i.e. drugs that have different mechanisms of action) to treat SCD similar to the use of multiple chemotherapeutic agents to treat cancer.
The role of an IVC filter retrieval clinic—A single center retrospective analysis
Authors: Schuchardt Philip A , Yasin Junaid T , Davis Ryan M , Tewari Sanjit O , Bhat Ambarish P
Published: January 2020

Background: Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement still plays an essential role in preventing pulmonary embolism (PE) in patients with contraindications to anticoagulant therapy. However, IVC filter placement does have long-term risks which may be mitigated by retrieving them as soon as clinically acceptable. A dedicated IVC filter clinic provides a potential means of assuring adequate follow-up and retrieval. Aim: To assess the efficacy of our Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter retrieval clinic at improving the rate of patient follow-up, effective filter management, and retrieval rates. Materials and Methods: During the period of August 2017 through July 2018, 70 IVC filters were placed at our institution, and these patients were automatically enrolled into our IVC filter retrieval clinic for quarterly follow-up. We retrospectively reviewed data including appropriateness for removal at 3 months, overall retrieval rates, removal technique(s) employed, and technical success. Results: 62.9% of the potentially retrievable filters were removed during the study period. The technical success of extraction, using a combination of standard and advanced techniques, was 91.7%. Overall, 15% of the patients were lost to follow-up. Conclusion: Our findings add to the growing body of literature to support the need for a robust IVC filter retrieval clinic to ensure adequate follow-up and timely retrieval of IVC filters.
Metronidazole induced encephalopathy: A rare side effect with a common drug
Authors: Vaithiyam Venkatesh , Jadon Ranveer S , Ray Animesh , Manchanda Smita , Meena Ved P , Ranjan Piyush , Vikram Naval K
Published: January 2020

In hospitals, seizures and encephalopathy are one of the common complications observed in critically ill patients. Drug intoxication, metabolic derangements, and anatomical abnormalities can cause altered mental status. We encountered an uncommon case with a diagnostic dilemma due to persistent encephalopathy, where metronidazole toxicity was an etiological factor. A 45-year-old male, who was admitted with the diagnosis of ruptured amoebic liver abscess. During the course of his management, he developed seizures and altered sensorium. After excluding other etiologies for in-hospital de novo seizure, a suspicion of metronidazole toxicity was considered. MRI brain was done which suggested the same. Metronidazole induced encephalopathy (MIE) is an uncommon adverse effect of treatment with metronidazole. Diagnosis is made by identifying specific radiological findings. It characteristically affects the cerebellum and subcortical structures. While the clinical and neuroimaging changes are usually reversible, persistent encephalopathy with poor outcomes may occur as seen in our case.
Perineal scar endometriosis
Authors: Jayanthan S Shanmuga , Shashikala G , Arathi N
Published: January 2020

Endometriosis is defined as the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. It is a benign condition commonly observed in women of the reproductive age group. It can occur in both pelvic and extra-pelvic sites. Moreover, pelvic endometriosis is relatively common, as compared to extra-pelvic endometriosis. The most frequent site for pelvic endometriosis is ovary. It can also affect rectum, uterosacral ligaments, rectovaginal septum, urinary bladder. Extra-pelvic endometriosis is rare and when it occurs, does so more frequently in surgical scar sites, especially in caesarean section scar. Endometriosis in an episiotomy scar is extremely rare but can lead to significant morbidity in patients due to local infiltration. This condition can be diagnosed by the presence of the classical clinical triad of history of episiotomy, tender nodule at the scar site and cyclical pain. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a very useful imaging modality to diagnose and assess the deeper extension of the lesion. Herein, we report one such case of episiotomy scar endometriosis in the perineum.
Samrakshan: An Indian Radiological and Imaging Association program to reduce perinatal mortality in India
Authors: Choorakuttil Rijo M , Patel Hemant , Bavaharan Rajalingam , Devarajan Palanisamy , Kanhirat Saneej , Shenoy Ramesh S , Tiwari Om P , Sodani Rajendra K , Sharma Lalit K , Nirmalan Praveen K
Published: January 2020

Context: India has a high perinatal mortality rate. The Indian Radiological and Imaging Association (IRIA) is supplementing efforts to address perinatal mortality in India through the Samrakshan program. Aims: To describe various elements of the Samrakshan program that aims to reduce perinatal mortality in India. Methods: Samrakshan focuses on two priority areas, preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR). Samrakshan aims at technical skill upgradation, specifically focused on improved interpretative ability, prognostic and therapeutic efficacy using Doppler studies, a free online learning platform and offline continuous medical educations (CMEs), building an evidence base from the program to develop policy and guidelines, and improving synergy with the RAKSHA program of IRIA and other fetal care stakeholders. Results: Two courses on Doppler studies focused on first trimester and third trimester, supplemented by case discussions and journal articles, have started on the online platform with 230 registrants. The first statewide CME was held at Indore. Samrakshan screening identified 10 (17.24%, 95% CI: 8.59, 29.43) women at high risk for preterm PE and 29 (50.00%, 95% CI 36.58, 63.42) women at high risk for FGR in the first trimester. Ten fetuses (7.63%, 95% CI: 3.72, 13.59) including 9 with stage 1 FGR were identified in the third-trimester screening. Conclusions: Samrakshan is a flagship program of IRIA that aims to reduce perinatal mortality in India through a synergistic, holistic approach that complements and supplements existing efforts in India.
Hepatic arterial communicating arcades—Case series and review of literature
Authors: Kundaragi Nischal G , Asthana Sonal , Reddy Jayanth , Lochan Rajiv
Published: January 2020

This case series describes the hepatic arterial communicating arcades and their importance in the endovascular management of hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm, pediatric post liver transplant lobar arterial occlusion, and lobar arterial stenosis due to gall bladder carcinoma. We describe new types of arterial communicating arcades which have not been described earlier.
Teses e Dissertações relacionadas às pessoas com deficiência na área de Ciência da Informação no Brasil no período 2000 a 2018
Authors: Pinheiro Alexandre Lobo , Rodrigues Andreia Cristina da Paixão , Mendonça Doris Campos de , Oliveira Hamilton Vieira de
Published: January 2020

Objetivo: Apresenta a evolução da produção científica relacionada às pessoas com deficiência na área Ciência da Informação no Brasil no período de 2000 a 2018.Método: Pesquisa de caráter descritivo e exploratório com abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa. Utiliza como base para recuperação da produção científica a ser examinada o Catálogo de Teses de Dissertações da Capes. O objetivo geral é analisar o panorama da produção de teses e dissertações na área de ciência da informação no Brasil quanto a temáticas em torno das pessoas com deficiência.Resultados: Constatou-se que de 2000 a 2003 não houve nenhuma produção científica, sendo defendido o primeiro trabalho apenas em 2004, mantendo-se uma média de um a três trabalhos até 2012 e um avanço na produção a partir de 2013, possivelmente devido ao incremento de debates e maior visibilidade da questão nos anos anteriores no contexto de eventos e da aprovação de legislação federal específica bem como da divulgação de elevado índice de pessoas com deficiência no Brasil, conforme o Censo de 2010.Conclusões: A instituição com maior produtividade na área é a Universidade Federal da Paraíba, com sete produções e a Universidade de Brasília, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita e Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, com seis estudos cada. Pesquisadores oriundos da biblioteconomia e estudos voltados para deficientes visuais representam aproximadamente 50% das defesas respectivamente.
Arctic (Svalbard islands) active and exported diatom stocks and cell health status
Authors: Agustí Susana , Krause Jeffrey W. , Marquez Israel A. , Wassmann Paul , Kristiansen Svein , Duarte Carlos M.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Diatoms tend to dominate the Arctic spring phytoplankton
bloom, a key event in the ecosystem including a rapid decline in
surface-water pCO2. While a mass sedimentation event of diatoms at the
bloom terminus is commonly observed, there are few reports on the status of
diatoms' health during Arctic blooms and its possible role on sedimentary
fluxes. Thus, we examine the idea that the major diatom-sinking event which
occurs at the end of the regional bloom is driven by physiologically
deteriorated cells. Here we quantify, using the Bottle-Net, Arctic diatom
stocks below and above the photic zone and assess their cell health status.
The communities were sampled around the Svalbard islands and encompassed
pre- to post-bloom conditions. A mean of 24.2±6.7 % SE (standard
error) of the total water column (max. 415 m) diatom standing stock was
found below the photic zone, indicating significant diatom sedimentation.
The fraction of living diatom cells in the photic zone averaged 59.4±6.3 % but showed the highest mean percentages (72.0 %) in stations
supporting active blooms. In contrast, populations below the photic layer
were dominated by dead cells (20.8±4.9 % living cells). The
percentage of diatoms' standing stock found below the photic layer was
negatively related to the percentage of living diatoms in the surface,
indicating that healthy populations remained in the surface layer.
Shipboard manipulation experiments demonstrated that (1) dead diatom cells
sank faster than living cells, and (2) diatom cell mortality increased in
darkness, showing an average half-life among diatom groups of 1.025±0.075 d. The results conform to a conceptual model where diatoms grow
during the bloom until resources are depleted and supports a link between
diatom cell health status (affected by multiple factors) and sedimentation
fluxes in the Arctic. Healthy Arctic phytoplankton communities remained at
the photic layer, whereas the physiologically compromised (e.g., dying)
communities exported a large fraction of the biomass to the aphotic zone,
fueling carbon sequestration to the mesopelagic and material to benthic
ecosystems.
A review of biomass equations for China's tree species
Authors: Luo Yunjian , Wang Xiaoke , Ouyang Zhiyun , Lu Fei , Feng Liguo , Tao Jun
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Tree biomass equations are the most commonly used method
to estimate tree and forest biomasses at various spatial and temporal scales
because of their high accuracy, efficiency and conciseness. For decades,
many tree biomass equations have been reported in diverse types of
literature (e.g., journals, books and reports). These scattered equations
are being compiled, and tree biomass equation datasets are currently
available for many geographical regions (e.g., Europe, North America and
sub-Saharan Africa) and countries (e.g., Australia, Indonesia and Mexico).
However, one important country stands out as an area where a large number of
biomass equations have not yet been reviewed and inventoried extensively:
China. Therefore, in this study, we carried out a broad survey and critical
review of the literature (from 1978 to 2013) on biomass equations in China
and compiled a normalized tree biomass equation dataset for China. This
dataset consists of 5924 biomass equations for nearly 200 tree species and
their associated background information (e.g., geographical location,
climate and stand description), showing sound geographical, climatic and
forest vegetation coverage across China. The dataset is freely available at
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.895244 (Luo et al., 2018) for
noncommercial scientific applications, and this dataset fills an important
regional gap in global biomass equations and provides key parameters for
biomass estimation in forest inventory and carbon accounting studies in
China.
Organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy of the upper Eocene to lower Oligocene Yazoo Formation, US Gulf Coast
Authors: De Lira Mota Marcelo Augusto , Harrington Guy , Dunkley Jones Tom
Published: January 2020

Abstract. New data from a continuously cored succession, the Mossy Grove core, near Jackson, central Mississippi, recovered ∼137 m of
marine clays (Yazoo Formation), spanning ∼5 Ma and including
the critical Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT) event. These clay-rich
sediments yield well-preserved calcareous microfossil and palynomorph
assemblages. Here, we present a new organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst
(dinocyst) biostratigraphic framework, including the recognition of
23 dinocyst bioevents. These are integrated with new age
constraints based on calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy and a
reassessment of the existing radiometric dates and planktonic foraminiferal
biostratigraphy, permitting the establishment of a robust and significantly
refined age model for the core. According to this new age model, a major
increase in sedimentation rate – from ∼2.1 to
∼4.7 cm kyr−1 – is observed at a core depth of
∼89.1 m (∼34.4 Ma). In the new age model the
section is significantly older than previously thought, by up to 1 Ma, with
the Eocene-Oligocene boundary (∼33.89 Ma) placed
∼34 m below the level previously identified. With these more
accurate age estimates, future isotopic and palaeoecological work on this
core can be more precisely integrated with other, globally distributed
records of the EOT.
Youth between Labour Market and NEET - Critical Review on the Foresighted Challenges
Authors: Buheji Mohamed
Published: January 2020

This paper critically reviews the challenges and the opportunities of youth in the labour market based on the work of Halvorsen and Hvinden (2018) and synthesis of the author on the subject. The conditions of the labour market in relevance to youth today is reviewed with a specific focus on the issue of Not in Employment, Not in Education and Not in Training NEET. Then the role of social regulations in closing youth NEET gap is investigated. The challenges of the labour market on youth today and the foresighted future are explored to see the best possible solutions.The critical review recommends further focused comprehensive social protection system that brings in solutions that meet and close the increasing gap of the contemporary and future market demand and dynamics on youth and their economic contribution opportunities.
Environmental Infractions and Fines Imposed for Illegal Fishing in the State of Pará, Amazon, Brazil
Authors: Pantaleão Gisele de Sousa Lima , Cintra Israel Hidenburgo Aniceto , Silva Kátia Cristina De Araújo , Santos Marcos Antônio Souza dos , Bezerra Andréia Santana
Published: January 2020

Environmental regulation and the implementation of formal sanctions, including fines, are part of the environmental policy of almost all nations, including Brazil. The Brazilian Institute of the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA) is the main environmental body responsible for the supervision of fishing in Brazil. This study aimed to characterize environmental infringements and fines related to illegal fishing in the state of Pará between 2009 and 2016 by means of data interpretation, using the Corporate System of Registration, Collection, and Monitoring of IBAMA, which contains management information on environmental monitoring. A total of 886 notices of infringement against illegal fishing were recorded in Pará, with 2009 having the highest (198) and 2015 the lowest number of notices (42). The main infractions against fishing in the state were for fishing in an unauthorized season or zone and fishing without prior registration, inscription, authorization, license, permit or registration of the competent body, or contrary to obtained permit. According to the notices conducted by IBAMA, fisheries resources have been exploited illegally in estuarine and coastal environments in the state of Pará.
Democratie ligt op straat
Authors: Verloo Nanke
Published: January 2020

Street-level democracy. Dilemmas and opportunities in government-citizen interactions

The goal of citizens participation increases the moments of contact between politicians, policy makers, welfare professionals and citizens. The shared responsibility for local decision making is not an easy task. Often conflicts emerge between parties with opposing needs and interests. Citizens oppose decisions or organize protest. These moments do not only challenge the goal of participation, they also jeopardize the quality of democracy. The democratic value of contentious moments, however, is often neglected. How can public professionals deal with the dilemma’s and chances that emerge during interactions that happen unexpectedly at the street-level? I answer that question by applying the agonistic approach to democracy to the action repertoire of public professionals dealing with conflict. A dramaturgical analysis of contentious interactions provides insights in how we can recognize and acknowledge contentious citizenship.
Griechisches Erbrecht, insbesondere Ehegattenerbrecht und Pflichtteilsrecht
Authors: Koutsouradis Achilles
Published: January 2020

Griechisches Erbrecht, insbesondere Ehegattenerbrecht und Pflichtteilsrecht

Die Kodifizierung des griechischen Zivilrechts, um die Mitte des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts, ist durch ihre rechtsvergleichende Perspektive charakterisiert, welche starke Einflüsse aus den europäischen Rechtsordnungen (vor allem des deutschen Rechtskreises) mit einem historisch erklärbaren römisch-byzantinischen Substrat und gewissen Einflüssen der im Lande vorherrschenden orthodoxen Kirche vereint.

Die grundlegende Rechtsquelle auf dem Gebiet des Zivilrechts (und des Erbrechts insbesondere) ist das gr. ZGB von 1941 bzw.1947, welches vielfach seit jener Zeit durch Novellen revidiert bzw. ergänzt worden ist. An erster Stelle sei auf das Gesetz Nr.1329/1983 hinzuweisen, welches die verfassungsrechtlich gebotene Gleichberechtigung von Mann und Frau verwirklichte und in diesem Sinne die ehelichen Beziehungen und das Verwandtschaftsrecht (einschließlich der Rechtsstellung von nichtehelichen Kindern) reformierte. Einen neuen Impuls gab ferner das Gesetz Nr.3089/2002 betreffend die medizinisch assistierte Fortpflanzung bei Menschen, welches sehr großzügig das Verwandtschaftsrecht revidierte (Zulassung u.a. von Leihmutterschaften, künstliche Insemination post Mortem des Erzeugers etc.), sowie das Gesetz Nr. 4356/2015 das die registrierte (gleichwie verschiedengeschlechtliche) Partnerschaft, als neue Eheform juris minoris, anerkannte.

Der Einfluss des deutschen Rechts ist zwar besonders augenfällig (z.B. Erbschein), aber die Beiträge des schweizerischen (Stellung von nichtehelichen Kindern, Annahme und Ausschlagung der Erbschaft), wie auch des französischen Rechts (bezüglich der Form der letztwilligen Verfügungen) sind ebenfalls leicht erkennbar.

Unter einer dem deutschen, in erster Linie und schweizerischen Rechtssystem ähnlichen Gesamtstruktur, bietet das griechische Recht jedoch zahlreiche Besonderheiten (wie beispielsweise die sog. elterliche Teilung, oder die Zulässigkeit der auflösenden Bedingung des sog. Witwenstandes in der letztwilligen Verfügung des Erblassers zu Lasten seines überlebenden Ehegatten). Das aktuelle griechische Erbrecht ist insbesondere von der relativ schwachen Rechtstellung des überlebenden Ehegatten, den generellen Verbot von Erbverträgen, sowie von gemeinschaftlichen Testamenten, wie auch durch den weitgehenden Pflichtteilschutz und der erbrechtlichen Gleichstellung zwischen ehelichen und nicht ehelichen Kindern geprägt.

Alles in Allem. Das griechische Erbrecht, geregelt in den Art. 1710-2035 gr. ZGB (Fünftes Buch wie im BGB), bietet einen eindrücklichen Beispiel der erfolgreichen Vermischung von inländischen Rechtstraditionen, lokalen Gewohnheiten, und ausländischen Vorbildern.
The role of ethology in animal welfare
Authors: Kokocińska Agata , Kaleta Tadeusz
Published: January 2020

Knowledge of the behaviour of a species makes it possible to ensure the well-being of animals raised in farm conditions, because when we know the behavioural standard we can guarantee that at least the animals’ minimum needs will be met. Observation of animal behaviour is the first element in assessing their physical and psychological comfort. The main objective is to maximize production while at the same time maintaining animal welfare. However, this is often difficult and economic considerations come into conflict with the comfort and needs of the animals. The elements of knowledge of behaviour, in addition to ethology, i.e. the science dealing with animal behaviour, also include zoosemiotics and cognitive science, which explain of the occurrence of specific behaviours in terms of biology and physiology.
"Dominae viatrices". Viajes y desplazamientos de las mujeres nobles en la Galicia medieval
Authors: GARCÍA-FERNÁNDEZ Miguel
Published: January 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es ofrecer una primera aproximación a los viajes y desplazamientos, tanto cotidianos como excepcionales, en los que participaron las mujeres de la nobleza medieval a partir de diferentes fuentes e interesándonos, sobre todo, por las motivaciones que las impulsaron a viajar por diversos lugares tanto dentro como fuera del viejo reino de Galicia: desde el acceso al estado matrimonial o el ingreso en un monasterio, hasta el deseo de peregrinar, sin olvidar los viajes por los diferentes lugares que conformaron los amplios y dispersos señoríos nobiliarios que poseyeron ellas o sus familias o aquellos otros viajes que fueron realizados con motivo de practicar el ocio, asistir a ceremonias o huir de situaciones complicadas.

The aim of this paper is to offer a first approach to the trips and journeys –both daily and exceptional– , in which medieval noblewomen took part. Particularly, we analyse their motivations for traveling to different places within the kingdom of Galicia and abroad. The main causes to be considered include access to marriage, joining a monastery or the wish to pilgrim. Apart from this, we must take into account their trips throughout the different places that constituted their vast and scattered land, owned by them and their families, as well as the trips meant for leisure, for attending ceremonies or for fleeing from complicated situations.
Las ordenanzas municipales de Guadalajara de mediados del siglo XIV. Un mundo en transición
Authors: LÓPEZ VILLALBA José Miguel
Published: January 2020

El objetivo de este trabajo es la revisión diplomática de las ordenanzas municipales, uno de los documentos más importantes, pero menos ensayados, entre los creados por la escribanía concejil medieval. El análisis se ha delimitado a las normas municipales más antiguas de la villa de Guadalajara, por su pretérita datación, por su gestión desde la corona y por su interesante contenido sobre el abastecimiento urbano. La principal aportación ha consistido en una exploración documental de las mismas. Asimismo, se han especificado perspectivas para futuros razonamientos diplomáticos a través de investigaciones comparativas. Nuestra propuesta permitirá conocer mejor la instauración y evolución de las ordenanzas municipales en los siglos XIV y XV en el reino de Castilla.

The objective of this paper is to make a review from a diplomacy perspective of the municipal ordinances, which are some of the most important documents among those belonging to the medieval chancellery, despite there is little knowledge about them as studies have been few. The analysis has been limited to the oldest municipal norms of Guadalajara, due to their antiquity, the way they were managed by the crown and due to their interesting content about urban supply. The main contribution consisted in their documentary exploration. Likewise, perspectives for future diplomatic reasonings through comparative research have been specified. Our proposal will therefore allow a deeper knowledge about the installation and evolution of the municipal ordinances in the 14th and 15th centuries in the kingdom of Castile.
Un análisis sensorial del Concilio de Frankfurt del año 794
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ Gerardo Fabián
Published: January 2020

En las discusiones del Concilio de Frankurt de 794 es posible rastrear elementos de la cultura material esenciales para el conocimiento y la comprensión del cristianismo altomedieval, tanto en lo referente a objetos litúrgicos y devocionales como de la vida cotidiana (relicarios, altares, cruces), que permiten reconstruir “la materia sensible” de aquellos tiempos y el sentir que se aloja entre las líneas de lo escrito a partir de las “marcas sensoriales” y “marcas emocionales” que ponen de manifiesto y que configuran el modelo sensorial de una época. Con estas nociones se reconocen las marcas visuales, auditivas, olfativas, gustativas, táctiles y afectivas presentes en los textos, que identifican a las percepciones que guardan una especial significación para la trama sensorial de una cultura y que nos permiten hablar de la existencia de una comunidad sensorial y emocional carolingia, elaborada, reconocida y sentida entre mediados del siglo VIII y fines del IX.

In the discussions of the Frankfurt Council of 794 some elements of the material culture which are essential for the knowledge and understanding of early medieval Christianity can be traced, both in terms of liturgical and devotional objects and of daily life (reliquaries, altars, crosses). This allows us to reconstruct "the sensible matter" of those times and the thoughts lodged between the lines of what is written, from the "sensorial marks" and "emotional marks" that reveal and shape the sensory model of an era. With these notions we can recognize the visual, aural, olfactory, gustatory, tactile and emotional marks present in the texts, which identify the perceptions that hold a special significance for the sensory plot of a culture and that allow us to speak of the existence of a Carolingian sensory and emotional community, elaborated, recognized and felt between the middle of the 8th century and the end of the 9th century.
Malofiej 17 (Premios Internacionales de Infografía) – Parte I
Authors: Córcoles César
Published: January 2020

El 26 y 27 de marzo de 2009 tuvo lugar en la Facultad de Comunicación de la Universidad de Navarra, en Pamplona, la decimoséptima edición de la Cumbre Internacional de Infografía Malofiej, bajo el auspicio de Javier Errea. En el evento se reunieron algunas de las voces más importantes del mundo infográfico.
Plantar un árbol, escribir un libro y tener un hijo (tipográfico)
Authors: Alberich i Pascual Jordi
Published: January 2020

El creador multimedia no debe conformarse con ser un mero usuario y/o gestor de fuentes ya existentes, sinó que debe ser capaz de crear nuevas familias tipográficas teniendo la creación tipográfica de nuevo cuño como una más de sus metas.
Más allá del fondo de pantalla
Authors: Vidal i Fortesa Jaume
Published: January 2020

A partir de la segunda práctica de la asignatura de Diseño Gráfico, que consistía en hacer una composición de un fondo de pantalla, Jaume Vidal i Fortesa ha tenido que culminar la imagen con un mensaje textual que desarrolle una determinada estrategia comunicativa. Aquí nos cuenta paso a paso cómo lo hizo.
Phylogeography of the rare and endangered lycophyteIsoetes yunguiensis
Authors: Zheng Tao , He Xuanze , Ye Honghuan , Fu Wei , Peng Maimai , Gou Guangqian
Published: January 2020

Background

Isoetes yunguiensisQ. F. Wang & W. C. Taylor is a lycophyte of an ancient genus, and it is endemic to China. It is a first-class protected plant in China. This living fossil is used in paleoecology and studies on the evolution of Lycophytes in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. In recent years, human activities have caused the disappearance of several wild populations, and the number of plants in the existing populations is low. Study of the genetic structure, distribution pattern, and historical dynamics ofI.yunguiensisin all areas of its distribution is of guiding significance for its rational and effective protection.

Methods

Expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers were used to study the genetic diversity and structure ofI.yunguiensis, and noncoding chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences were used to study the pedigree, population dynamics history, and glacial shelter ofI. yunguiensis. A maximum entropy model was used to predict the past, present, and future distribution patterns ofI. yunguiensis.

Results

Analysis with EST-SSR markers revealed thatI. yunguiensisshowed high genetic diversity and that genetic variation was significantly higher within populations than between populations. Based on cpDNA data, it was concluded that there was no significant geographic pedigree in the whole area ofI. yunguiensisdistribution (NST = 0.344 >  GST = 0.183,p > 0.05); 21 haplotypes were detected using DnaSP v5. Neutral test and LAMARC simulation showed thatI. yunguiensishas experienced rapid expansion in recent years. The maximum entropy model predicted that the potential distribution area ofI. yunguiensisin the last glacial maximum period has increased significantly compared with the present distribution area, but the future distribution area did not show substantial changes.
Identification and validation of a three-gene signature as a candidate prognostic biomarker for lower grade glioma
Authors: Xiao Kai , Liu Qing , Peng Gang , Su Jun , Qin Chao-Ying , Wang Xiang-Yu
Published: January 2020

Background

Lower grade glioma (LGG) are a heterogeneous tumor that may develop into high-grade malignant glioma seriously shortens patient survival time. The clinical prognostic biomarker of lower-grade glioma is still lacking. The aim of our study is to explore novel biomarkers for LGG that contribute to distinguish potential malignancy in low-grade glioma, to guide clinical adoption of more rational and effective treatments.

Methods

The RNA-seq data for LGG was downloaded from UCSC Xena and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). By a robust likelihood-based survival model, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis, we developed a three-gene signature and established a risk score to predict the prognosis of patient with LGG. The three-gene signature was an independent survival predictor compared to other clinical parameters. Based on the signature related risk score system, stratified survival analysis was performed in patients with different age group, gender and pathologic grade. The prognostic signature was validated in the CGGA dataset. Finally, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was carried out to find the co-expression genes related to the member of the signature and enrichment analysis of the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway were conducted for those co-expression network. To prove the efficiency of the model, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves of our model and other models are constructed.

Results

In this study, a three-gene signature (WEE1, CRTAC1, SEMA4G) was constructed. Based on the model, the risk score of each patient was calculated with LGG (low-risk vs. high-risk, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.198 (95% CI [0.120–0.325])) and patients in the high-risk group had significantly poorer survival results than those in the low-risk group. Furthermore, the model was validated in the CGGA dataset. Lastly, by WGCNA, we constructed the co-expression network of the three genes and conducted the enrichment of GO and KEGG. Our study identified a three-gene model that showed satisfactory performance in predicting the 1-, 3- and 5-year survival of LGG patients compared to other models and may be a promising independent biomarker of LGG.
Clinical outcome of endonasal endoscopic prelacrimal approach in managing different maxillary pathologies
Authors: Lin Yu Hsuan , Chen Wei-Chih
Published: January 2020

Background

The aim of the study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of endoscopic prelacrimal recess approaches (EPLAs) in managing different sinus pathologies, analyzing associated adverse events and post-treatment quality-of-life.

Methods

We enrolled 21 consecutive patients (22 lesions) who received endoscopic sinus surgical procedures with EPLAs in two tertiary medical institutes between 2015 and 2018. Quality-of-life and self-rated symptom severity data were collected using the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcomes Test (SNOT-22) and 10-point visual analog scales (VAS), respectively.

Results

A total of 21 patients (mean age (standard deviation) 51.7 (14.5) years; 16(76.2%) male) were followed up for 12.7 months. The most common symptoms were nasal discharge and nasal airway obstructions. Nine lesions (40.9%) were sinonasal papilloma’s, seven lesions were other types of neoplasms (31.8%; five benign and two malignant), two were trauma-related (9.1%), and four inflammatory diseases (18.2%). Patients with non-papilloma lesions had higher presurgical SNOT-22 than those with papillomas (P-value = 0.021). After EPLAs, non-papilloma patients had significant improvements in SNOT-22 and VAS (P-values = 0.012 and 0.012, respectively), while those with papillomas had only marginally significant improvements in VAS (P-value = 0.061). The most common adverse events was temporary cheek/tooth numbness (n= 11), and patients with sinonasal papillomas were more likely to have post-treatment complications than those with other disease entities.

Conclusions

EPLAs were found to effectively manage various sinus diseases. Short-term life-quality improvements were promising. Future large-scale studies with longer follow-up periods are recommended.
Adaptive neural output feedback control for uncertain nonlinear systems with input quantization and output constraints
Authors: Wang Min , Zhang Tianping , Yang Yuequan
Published: January 2020

In this paper, we are concerned with the problem of adaptive output‐feedback tracking control for nonlinear systems with input quantization, unmodeled dynamics, and output constraints. A novel quantizer with the advantages of hysteresis and uniform quantizer is introduced to handle input signals. A barrier Lyapunov function is employed to solve the output constraints. The state unmodeled dynamics is solved by using a Lyapunov description, and neural networks are used to approximate the unknown smooth functions produced in the adaptive control design process. The controller design is simplified by combining the new quantizer with dynamic surface control method. The mathematical derivation shows the stability of the closed‐loop system and the effectiveness of output constraints. Simulation illustrates and clarifies the theoretical findings.
Structural Orientation and Anisotropy in Biological Materials: Functional Designs and Mechanics
Authors: Liu Zengqian , Zhang Zhefeng , Ritchie Robert O.
Published: January 2020

Biological materials exhibit anisotropic characteristics because of the anisometric nature of their constituents and their preferred alignment within interfacial matrices. The regulation of structural orientations is the basis for material designs in nature and may offer inspiration for man‐made materials. Here, how structural orientation and anisotropy are designed into biological materials to achieve diverse functionalities is revisited. The orientation dependencies of differing mechanical properties are introduced based on a 2D composite model with wood and bone as examples; as such, anisotropic architectures and their roles in property optimization in biological systems are elucidated. Biological structural orientations are designed to achieve extrinsic toughening via complicated cracking paths, robust and releasable adhesion from anisotropic contact, programmable dynamic response by controlled expansion, enhanced contact damage resistance from varying orientations, and simultaneous optimization of multiple properties by adaptive structural reorientation. The underlying mechanics and material‐design principles that could be reproduced in man‐made systems are highlighted. Finally, the potential and challenges in developing a better understanding to implement such natural designs of structural orientation and anisotropy are discussed in light of current advances. The translation of these biological design principles can promote the creation of new synthetic materials with unprecedented properties and functionalities.
Formation of Surface Protic Ionic Liquid Nanodroplets for Nanofabrication
Authors: Yu Haitao , Dyett Brendan P. , Pathirannahalage Sachini Kadaoluwa , Li Miaosi , Drummond Calum J. , Greaves Tamar L.
Published: January 2020

Femtoliter droplets at solid interfaces attract significant interest as the basic units in many physical and biological processes. One challenge in the application of these tiny droplets is their fast evaporation rate in air due to their large surface‐to‐volume ratio. Ionic liquids with low volatility present an opportunity to overcome this challenge. The advanced properties of ionic liquids (ILs) have enabled them to be widely applied in chemical reactions, biopolymers, molecular self‐assembly and separations. At interfaces, the wettability of ILs is pursued in next‐generation lubricants and battery technology. Previously, IL droplets at solid surfaces have been prepared by nanodispensing, micropipette, and solvent evaporation. Here, the solvent exchange protocol is extended to yield protic ionic liquid droplets at the interface with controlled size, distribution, location, and stability in both liquid and air surroundings. During growth, the droplets demonstrate an interesting dewetting dynamic. This behavior has not been observed for molecular liquids during solvent exchange and suggests interesting interfacial dynamics of the ionic liquid. One proof‐of‐concept application of using surface nanodroplets of the protic ionic liquid ethylammonium nitrate for compartmentalized reactions and templating SiO2 nanostructures is demonstrated. This work broadens and intertwines the opportunities of ILs and nanodroplets.