bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MAKNA METAFORIS DALAM PUISI “SAJAK PERTEMUAN MAHASISWA” KARYA W.S. RENDRA MELALUI TINJAUAN SEMANTIK STEPHEN ULLMANN
Authors: Roosmawanto Narendra Brahmantyo Karnamarhaendra , Suswandi Irwan
Published: February 2023

This research aims to describe the metaphorical meaning contained in the poem titled "Sajak Pertemuan Mahasiswa" as explained by Stephen Ullmann (1962). Ullmann categorizes metaphors into four types: anthropomorphic metaphor, animal metaphor, concrete-to-abstract metaphor, and synesthesia metaphor. The method used in this research is qualitative research. This qualitative research method uses content analysis to focus on studying literary works. Then, the writer uses library techniques to collect references from books and scientific works to support this research. This technique is continued with the use of note technique, namely numeric technique, in every methapor category. As for the presentation of research results, the author uses an informal method, namely the presentation of data in ordinary words, as a medium to convey the contents of this research. By categorizing the metaphorical meanings that have been collected, the writer discovers that the most categories are anthropomorphic metaphors and metaphors from concrete to abstract, whereas no data with related meanings is found in synesthesia metaphors.
JEJAK PENAFSIRAN RASIONAL PADA KITAB TAFSIR JUZ ‘AMMA KARYA MUHAMMAD ABDUH
Authors: Firmansyah Rizki , Bosu Sufian
Published: February 2023

Muhammad Abduh is a reformer who is known for the renewal of Islamic thought in various fields. Muhammad Abduh is often aligned with mu'tazilah in the rationality of his thoughts, for him, reason and revelation should not be separated and should not be clashed because both can be used as clues for humans. This basis then became the footing of Abduh's thought in both interpretations, one of which was the interpretation of juz amma. This research is qualitative research with a text analysis approach, the main source of this study is the interpretation of juz amma Muhammad Abduh. The conclusion of this study was found that the interpretation of juz amma Muhammad Abduh has an element of rationality of science and language even with a limited number.
MAKNA “CELANA” DALAM KUMPULAN PUISI “SELAMAT MENUNAIKAN IBADAH PUISI” KARYA JOKO PINURBO
Authors: Abdullah Risen Dhawuh
Published: February 2023

This research seeks to dismantle the philosophical meaning of "celana" from various points of view in the collection of poetry Selamat Menunaikan Ibadah Puisi by Joko Pinurbo. As for the poems that were carefully selected, only three poems contained the diction "celana", namely “celana, 1”, “celana, 2”, and “celana, 3”. The approach used was Paul Ricoeur's Hermeneutic Approach. This approach is used to obtain various philosophical meanings of "celana" in more depth. The chosen method is a qualitative-descriptive method with repeated reading techniques. Then the findings of this research is the philosophical meaning of "celana" which includes three meanings. First "celana" in the real context, "celana" as achievements in the context of education, "celana" as provisions in the context of religiosity.
How to approach jaundice in the MRCP PACES exam
Authors: Ko MT , Hammodi A
Published: February 2023

For every medical trainee, the Membership of the Royal College of Physicians’ Practical Assessment of Clinical Examination Skills (PACES) exam is one of the most difficult exams they must face in their career. It is designed to assess the clinical knowledge and skills of the trainee doctors who are entering higher specialist training. It sets rigorous standards to ensure the competence of the candidates across a range of skills. This article discusses a systematic approach to a patient with jaundice, which is a commonly encountered station in the exam, so that candidates will become more familiar with common causes and how to differentiate between these, as well as important bedside examination skills.
Carlos Braceras, Executive Director at Utah DOT and Chair of the ITS America Board, Reveals How a Decision to Install Fiber Optics on all Road Projects since the Early 1990s is Now Paying back in a Big Way
Authors: Harry Rachelle
Published: February 2023

Carlos Braceras, executive director at Utah DOT and chair of the ITS America board, reveals how a decision to install fiber optics on all road projects since the early 1990s is now paying back in a big way
The Road Ahead
Authors: Hunt Don
Published: February 2023

Regulated regimes are required for automated driving systems
The Long View
Authors: Yermack Larry
Published: February 2023

As the ITS World Congress approaches its 25th anniversary, there's much to be proud of
The Road Ahead
Authors: Hunt Don
Published: February 2023

Automated vehicles – a new thought paradigm for DOTs
Optical trapping of two different microparticles by a double-tapered fiber probe
Authors: Wang Wanling , Liu Zilong , Chen Cong , Zeng Xiang , Wang Kaiwei , Zhang Bo
Published: February 2023

We theoretically and experimentally study the optical trapping of two different microparticles by a double-tapered optical fiber probe (DOFP) which is fabricated by the interfacial etching method. A SiO2 microsphere and a yeast, or two SiO2 microspheres with different diameters, are trapped. We calculate and measure the trapping forces on the two microparticles, discuss the impacts of the geometrical size and refractive index on the trapping forces. Both the theoretical calculation and experimental measurements indicate that if the two particles have the same refractive index, the larger the second particle is, the larger the trapping force is. Whereas, if the two particles have the same geometrical size, the smaller the refractive index is, the lager trapping force is. Trapping and manipulation of different multiple microparticles by a DOFP enhance the application of optical tweezers, especially in biomedical engineering and material science.
Computational broadband imaging with laser-driven sequential light source arrays on a water film
Authors: Kumagai Kota , Huang Hsin-hui , Hatanaka Koji , Hayasaki Yoshio
Published: February 2023

Imaging and computational processing fusion technologies have expanded the wavelength range that can be visualized. However, it is still challenging to realize a system that can image a wide range of wavelengths, including non-visible regions, in a single system. Here, we propose a broadband imaging system based on femtosecond-laser-driven sequential light source arrays. The light source arrays allow us to form ultra-broadband illumination light depending on the excitation target and irradiated pulse energy. We demonstrated X-ray and visible imaging under atmospheric pressure by using a water film as an excitation target. Furthermore, by applying a compressive sensing algorithm, the imaging time was reduced while maintaining the number of pixels in the reconstructed image.
Flexible strain sensor based on a frequency selective surface
Authors: Wang Xin , Shi Kaixuan , Wang Junlin , Jia Zhen , Wang Zelong , Sun Zhanshuo , Fan Bo
Published: February 2023

Frequency selective surfaces (FSSs), modern artificial materials, show great potential in engineering applications due to their excellent frequency selection capabilities. In this paper, we introduce a flexible strain sensor based on FSS reflection characteristics, which can be well conformally attached to the surface of an object and bear mechanical deformation from a certain load. When the FSS structure changes, the original working frequency will be shifted. By measuring the difference in electromagnetic performance, the strain degree of the object can be monitored in real-time. In this study, we designed an FSS sensor with a working frequency of 31.4 GHz and amplitude that reaches -35 dB that exhibits favorable resonance properties in the Ka-band. The quality factor of FSS is 16.2, which indicates that the sensor has excellent sensing performance. The sensor was applied in the strain detection of a rocket engine case through statics and electromagnetic simulations. The analysis showed that the working frequency of the sensor shifted by approximately 200 MHz for 1.64% radial expansion of the engine case and the frequency shift exhibits an excellent linear relationship with the deformation in diverse loads, so it can be used for accurate strain detection of the case. Based on experiments, we carried out the uniaxial tensile test of the FSS sensor in this study. The sensor’s sensitivity was 1.28 GHz/mm when the FSS was stretched by 0–3 mm in the test. Therefore, the FSS sensor has high sensitivity and strong mechanical properties, which verifies the practical value of the FSS structure designed in this paper. It has a broad development space in this field.
Complex-amplitude modulation of surface waves based on a metasurface coupler
Authors: Zhang Zhihui , Wu Chao , Li Quan , Zhao Song , Li Hongqiang
Published: February 2023

Simultaneous and independent modulation of the amplitude and phase of surface waves (SWs) is critical in photonics and plasmonics. Here, we propose a method for flexible complex-amplitude modulation of SWs based on a metasurface coupler. Benefiting from the full range complex-amplitude modulation ability of the meta-atoms over the transmitted field, the coupler can convert the incident wave into a driven surface wave (DSW) with an arbitrary combination of amplitude and initial phase. By placing a dielectric waveguide that supports guided SWs below the coupler, the DSWs can resonantly couple to SWs while preserving complex-amplitude modulation. The proposed scheme provides a practical way for freely tailoring the phase and amplitude profiles of SWs wavefronts. As verification, meta-devices for normal and deflected SW Airy beam generation and SW dual focusing are designed and characterized in the microwave regime. Our findings may stimulate various advanced surface optical meta-devices.
The extent of algorithm aversion in decision-making situations with varying gravity
Authors: Filiz Ibrahim , Judek Jan René , Lorenz Marco , Spiwoks Markus
Published: February 2023

Algorithms already carry out many tasks more reliably than human experts. Nevertheless, some subjects have an aversion towards algorithms. In some decision-making situations an error can have serious consequences, in others not. In the context of a framing experiment, we examine the connection between the consequences of a decision-making situation and the frequency of algorithm aversion. This shows that the more serious the consequences of a decision are, the more frequently algorithm aversion occurs. Particularly in the case of very important decisions, algorithm aversion thus leads to a reduction of the probability of success. This can be described as the tragedy of algorithm aversion.
Editorial
Authors: Gamble Steven , Campos Valverde Raquel
Published: February 2023

In many parts of the globe, the internet is now the main route to discovering hip hop. We borrow the timeless Rakim quote from Eric B. and Rakim’s ‘In the Ghetto’ with a digital twist to point out the breadth of cultural activity related to hip hop that now takes place online. It serves as a reminder that hip hop has gained such a large presence in digital culture that for many people, the web itself, rather than physical scenes, might be where you are at. The work featured in this Special Issue calls attention to hip hop in different global manifestations, specifically in Palestine, South Africa, the United States and India. It is our hope that the articles included here unseat conventional thinking by drawing attention to the complex interactions between online and offline, physical and digital, dominant and marginalized.
Environmental Problems Due To The Production And Consumption And Possible Ways Of Migrating The Problems In Rivers State Of Nigeria
Authors: GRACE OPARA ONYINYECHI
Published: February 2023

All of the activities of human being on earth , in the environment has so much to do with production and production, which means that the environmental problems due to the production and consumption are due to the anthropogenic effects of human beings. These activities of human beings are even much in states like Rivers Sate of Nigeria where we have a lot of companies that are into productions and industrialization, agricultural farming of both plants and animal.

Nigeria’s position as the largest oil producer in Africa and the sixth largest in the world is due to the oil and gas reserves of its Niger Delta region (Onyena and Sam 2020). The country’s entire economy is heavily dependent on the oil and gas reserves of this region, which make up 95% of foreign exchange earnings and up to 83% of the National revenue (Collins 2018; Onyena and Sam 2020).

The amount of materials used in production and consumption continues to rise at the global leveland the rate at which materials are being extracted globally is outpacing both population and economic growth,meaning we are using more materials and less efficiently, that means we need to implement the recycling and re-using methods to put the production and consumption levels in equilibrium.

Consumption can affect the environment in many ways: higher levels of consumption requires larger inputs of energy and materials and generate larger quantities of waste products. The wastes that are being produced have so much effects on the event as well. Increased extraction and exploitation of natural resources, accumulation of waste and concentration of pollutants can damage the environment.

This report focuses not only on the environmental effects of production and consumption in Rivers State , but also on the possible solutions to the problems that are originated during the processes of production and consumption in the state.
Planetary Charge Separation Due to Tidal Force Deformation
Authors: Wolpert David
Published: February 2023

Lightning is fundamentally caused by a charge separation. The source of this charge separation is proposed as a hypothesis then discussed and analyzed in great detail with very high-correlative evidence. For charge separation to occur there must be polarization of charge; piezoelectric substances polarize charge when they experience a change in pressure and Earth’s crust is composed primarily of piezoelectric material which polarizes electrons toward the core. Earth’s changing pressure (which is directly proportional to force) is caused primarily by Tidal Force Deformations from the Sun and the Moon and secondary by tectonic plate stresses. Piezoelectrically active layer compositions and Tidal Force Deformations are the two things that are believed to be required for a massive body to have a charge separation via charge polarization. Having non-homogeneous Tidal Force Deformations (resulting in non-homogeneous charge separation) has its consequences. This means that lightning should occur only at regions with high changing Tidal Force Deformations which is increased by regions of high changing tectonic plate pressures. Volcanoes and vents are mechanisms to return electrons to the crust from the mantle thereby completing the cycle. Excess of electrons and lack of electrons is directly and respectively correlated with alkaline and acidic properties of naturally occurring substances. Evidence of lightning or magnetic fields will lend support to piezoelectrically active layer compositions and changing pressures for any given large mass, particularly other planets and orbiting bodies within our solar system.
Die Eroberung des Museums
Authors: Roß Ina
Published: February 2023

Das Museumserlebnis ergibt sich nicht nur aus dem Konzept einer Ausstellung, auch das Publikum bringt hohe Handlungs- und Gestaltungskompetenzen mit, die bisher kaum beachtet wurden. Mit ihrer umfassenden Untersuchung des Tribal Museums in Bhopal liefert Ina Roß eine erste Studie zur Wirkmächtigkeit von Museumsbesucher*innen. Sie gibt detaillierte Einsichten in eine nicht-westliche Kulturinstitution, die sich als dynamischer sozialer Raum erweist, dessen Nutzung vom Publikum eigeninitiativ und alltagsorientiert mitbestimmt wird. Diese neue Form postkolonialer Museumsproduktion zwischen Institution, Source Community und Publikum bietet Inspiration für Museen weltweit.
Sponsorship Culture in the German University Popular Music Festival Market
Authors: Nösner Dominik
Published: February 2023

Music festivals have become important events for people to experience music collectively and take a break from their everyday lives. Companies and institutions like to use music festivals as opportunities for advertising their products and services through sponsorship. Dominik Nösner examines professional stakeholder's assessments of the market as well as patterns of existing procedural elements of sponsorship culture, factors determining existing communication and decision-making culture and interrelations between sponsors and audience with emphasis on university popular music festivals. Building on that, he further explores motivational constructs for popular music festival attendance via a survey study.
Publikumsbeobachtung im digitalen Wandel
Authors: Pieper Karsten
Published: February 2023

Massenmedien beobachten ihr Publikum genau - und haben hierzu durch Internet und digitalen Wandel schier unbegrenzte Möglichkeiten. Dies wirkt sich allerdings auch auf ihre organisationalen Binnenverhältnisse aus. Karsten Pieper untersucht diese Entwicklungen und begreift die Publikumsbeobachtung dabei als eine nach innen verlaufende Organisationsbeobachtung, die neue Möglichkeiten des Vergleichens, Bewertens und Legitimierens erlaubt. Er zeigt auf, wie dadurch Wettbewerb und Konkurrenz zwischen den Massenmedien gesteigert sowie interne Restrukturierungs- und Transformationsprozesse innerhalb der Unternehmen angestoßen werden.
Enhancing SMEs Performance through Supply Chain Collaboration and moderation of Supply Chain Technology Implementation
Authors: Imtiaz Muhammad , Hamid Abu Bakar A. , Nadarajah Devika , Mehmood Sultan Adal , Ahmad Muhammad Khalique
Published: February 2023

Goal: The minimal inter-firm resource sharing has raised problems for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). There has been little focus on a thorough understanding of supply chain collaboration in the context of SMEs in Pakistan. This research looks into the antecedent impact of governance mechanisms and collaborative culture on supply chain collaboration (SCC), as well as the direct influence of supply chain collaboration on SMEs' performance in developing countries.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The data was collected using a closed-ended questionnaire from randomly selected respondents from Pakistani SMEs. SMART PLS 3.0 software is utilized for statistical analysis.
Results: The findings showed a significant positive link between SCC and the performance of small businesses. Moderation was investigated between the variables. This means that supply chain technology Implementation (as moderator) is a process that provides SMEs to improve collaboration between partners through information and advanced manufacturing technology and provide suitable solutions to achieve performance.
Limitations of the investigation: It is a cross sectional study and front line managers are eliminated from the study, however they are also the key respondents of supply chain (SC) implementation.
Implications: The implications of this research for SC managers and researchers involved in supply chain collaboration adoption in SMEs are important.
Originality/ Value: Findings supported the concept that if the organization has a supportive culture towards supply chain collaboration adoption then SMEs will improve their performance.
Toward Quantity-of-Interest Preserving Lossy Compression for Scientific Data
Authors: Jiao Pu , Di Sheng , Guo Hanqi , Zhao Kai , Tian Jiannan , Tao Dingwen , Liang Xin , Cappello Franck
Published: February 2023

Today's scientific simulations and instruments are producing a large amount of data, leading to difficulties in storing, transmitting, and analyzing these data. While error-controlled lossy compressors are effective in significantly reducing data volumes and efficiently developing databases for multiple scientific applications, they mainly support error controls on raw data, which leaves a significant gap between the data and user's downstream analysis. This may cause unqualified uncertainties in the outcomes of the analysis, a.k.a quantities of interest (QoIs), which are the major concerns of users in adopting lossy compression in practice. In this paper, we propose rigorous mathematical theories to preserve four families of QoIs that are widely used in scientific analysis during lossy compression along with practical implementations. Specifically, we first develop the error control theory for univariate QoIs which are essential for computing physical properties such as kinetic energy, followed by multivariate QoIs that are more commonly used in real-world applications. The proposed method is integrated into a state-of-the-art compression framework in a modular fashion, which could easily adapt to new QoIs and new compression algorithms. Experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed method provides faithful error control on important QoIs including kinetic energy, regional average, and isosurface without trials and errors, while offering compression ratios that are up to 4X of the compression ratios provided by state-of-the-art compressors.
Can Foundation Models Wrangle Your Data?
Authors: Narayan Avanika , Chami Ines , Orr Laurel , Ré Christopher
Published: February 2023

Foundation Models (FMs) are models trained on large corpora of data that, at very large scale, can generalize to new tasks without any task-specific finetuning. As these models continue to grow in size, innovations continue to push the boundaries of what these models can do on language and image tasks. This paper aims to understand an underexplored area of FMs: classical data tasks like cleaning and integration. As a proof-of-concept, we cast five data cleaning and integration tasks as prompting tasks and evaluate the performance of FMs on these tasks. We find that large FMs generalize and achieve SoTA performance on data cleaning and integration tasks, even though they are not trained for these data tasks. We identify specific research challenges and opportunities that these models present, including challenges with private and domain specific data, and opportunities to make data management systems more accessible to non-experts. We make our code and experiments publicly available at: https://github.com/HazyResearch/fm_data_tasks.
Parallelism-Optimizing Data Placement for Faster Data-Parallel Computations
Authors: Baruah Nirvik , Kraft Peter , Kazhamiaka Fiodar , Bailis Peter , Zaharia Matei
Published: February 2023

Systems performing large data-parallel computations, including online analytical processing (OLAP) systems like Druid and search engines like Elasticsearch, are increasingly being used for business-critical real-time applications where providing low query latency is paramount. In this paper, we investigate an underexplored factor in the performance of data-parallel queries: their
parallelism.
We find that to minimize the tail latency of data-parallel queries, it is critical to place data such that the data items accessed by each individual query are spread across as many machines as possible so that each query can leverage the computational resources of as many machines as possible. To optimize parallelism and minimize tail latency in real systems, we develop a novel parallelism-optimizing data placement algorithm that defines a linearly-computable measure of query parallelism, uses it to frame data placement as an optimization problem, and leverages a new optimization problem partitioning technique to scale to large cluster sizes. We apply this algorithm to popular systems such as Solr and MongoDB and show that it reduces p99 latency by 7-64% on data-parallel workloads.
MQH
Authors: Lu Kejing , Ishikawa Yoshiharu , Xiao Chuan
Published: February 2023

Point-to-hyperplane nearest neighbor search (P2HNNS) is a fundamental problem which has many applications in data mining and machine learning. In this paper, we propose a provable Locality-Sensitive-Hashing (LSH) scheme based on multi-level quantization errors to solve this problem. In the indexing phase, for each data point, we compute the hash values of its residual vectors generated by a stepwise quantization process. In the query phase, for each processed point, we first determine its suitable level for hashing and then determine the size of hash bucket based on its quantization error in that level. We theoretically show that this treatment not only yields a probability guarantee on query results, but also makes the generated hash functions much more efficient to prune those false points. Experimental results on five real datasets show that the proposed approach generally runs 2X-10X faster than the state-of-the-art LSH-based approaches.
SkinnerMT
Authors: Wei Ziyun , Trummer Immanuel
Published: February 2023

SkinnerMT is an adaptive query processing engine, specialized for multi-core platforms. SkinnerMT features different strategies for parallel processing that allow users to trade between average run time and performance robustness.

First, SkinnerMT supports execution strategies that execute multiple query plans in parallel, thereby reducing the risk to find near-optimal plans late and improving robustness. Second, SkinnerMT supports data-parallel processing strategies. Its parallel multi-way join algorithm is sensitive to the assignment from tuples to threads. Here, SkinnerMT uses a cost-based optimization strategy, based on runtime feedback. Finally, SkinnerMT supports hybrid processing methods, mixing parallel search with data-parallel processing.

The experiments show that parallel search increases robustness while parallel processing increases average-case performance. The hybrid approach combines advantages from both. Compared to traditional database systems, SkinnerMT is preferable for benchmarks where query optimization is hard. Compared to prior adaptive processing baselines, SkinnerMT exploits parallelism better.
Diagnóstico genético prenatal de enfermedades monogénicas
Authors: Prior-de Castro Carmen , Gómez-González Clara , Rodríguez-López Raquel , Macher Hada C.
Published: February 2023

El diagnóstico genético prenatal de enfermedades monogénicas es un proceso que engloba el conjunto de técnicas moleculares dirigidas a caracterizar molecularmente una posible enfermedad monogénica en el feto durante el embarazo. Actualmente, el diagnóstico genético prenatal puede realizarse de manera invasiva o no invasiva. Debemos diferenciar “NIPD” (del inglés: non invasive prenatal diagnosis) que se considera diagnóstico de “NIPT” (del inglés: non invasive prenatal test) que se considera prueba de cribado y tendrá que confirmarse por técnicas invasivas. Las diferentes metodologías disponibles y empleadas pueden ir dirigidas a la detección de variante/s genética/s causal/es previamente caracterizada/s en la familia, la detección del haplotipo de riesgo asociado a la mutación familiar y/o la búsqueda de posibles variante/s patogénicas en un gen asociado a una sospecha diagnóstica. Se revisarán los aspectos relevantes del diagnóstico genético prenatal de las enfermedades monogénicas. El objetivo es la exposición de las principales técnicas moleculares disponibles y empleadas en la actualidad, detallando sus indicaciones, limitaciones y recomendaciones analíticas, así como la normativa que regula el asesoramiento genético. La evolución permanente y exponencial en la aplicación asistencial de las técnicas genómicas, facilita progresivamente el acceso a una caracterización molecular exhaustiva, obligando a una constante actualización homogénea de los laboratorios.
“Never Trump” Republicans and the 2022 Elections
Authors: Saldin Robert P.
Published: February 2023

The 2022 elections further depleted the ranks of elected officials associated with “Never Trump,” the informal network of Republicans and conservatives opposed to Donald Trump and his movement. Never Trumpers retain a prominent presence in traditional media and some elite-level conservative institutions. And they can point to a notable minority among the voting public that shares its general outlook. However, the highly publicized defeats and hasty retirements of many of those who supported Trump’s impeachment have left the Never Trumpers with very few standard bearers among active Republican politicians. Many of those most closely associated with the network are happy to have left behind a party they now see as irredeemable. Yet one tension confronting the Never Trumpers is that, as they themselves often caution, a healthy two-party system requires that both parties abide by certain basic rules and norms. But if that is the case, and if the Never Trumpers are not going to lead the fight to restore a more responsible Republican party, who will?
Mutual coupling reduction with Peyton Turtle pattern nearfield surface for MIMO patch antenna
Authors: Omidvar Alireza , Rezaei Pejman , Atashpanjeh Elham
Published: February 2023

In this paper, a Decoupling Nearfield Surface (DNS) is designed above the antenna, to reduce the mutual coupling of closely two or more patch array. In this way, the electrical and magnetic distributions are utilized to demonstrate the mechanism of isolation. The proposed DNS element creates the electric field distributions with an orthogonal mode and the magnetic field distributions with excitation in substrate such that the effective suppression of antenna mutual coupling is obtained. The DNS element can be easily applied to the Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antennas that having multiple patch elements. Moreover, the proposed structure is implemented practically and simulated for a patched antenna. The measurement and simulation results verifies that the isolation is more than 20 dB and the isolated impedance bandwidth is about 7%.
Accuracy and reliability of BeiDou clocks
Authors: Chwedczuk Katarzyna , Gioia Ciro , Skorupa Bogdan , Maciuk Kamil
Published: February 2023

The subject of this paper is the analysis of the stability of BeiDou system clocks; currently only signals from two blocks, BSD-2 and BDS-3, are available. For elaboration, 30 s clock corrections from the 2014 to 2020 period for 37 satellites were used (9 IGSO, 28 MEO). Four different Allan variances were used to determine stability, and additionally, the type of noise characteristic for each satellite was also determined. Based on the calculations, it was shown that the BDS-2 segment has a significantly lower stability than BDS-3. Moreover, it was possible to notice a difference in the course of the graphs of the same satellites using different variances. BDS-2 satellites were mostly characterised by the presence of WFM noise, while BDS-3 satellites were characterised by WFM noise for the shortest averaging times and RWFM for the other intervals. Accuracy varies between 10−10 s to 10−6 s for a rubidium clocks in general, in case of the hydrogen masers in is between 10−14 s to 10−10 s.
Robust inference for matching under rolling enrollment
Authors: Glazer Amanda K. , Pimentel Samuel D.
Published: February 2023

Matching in observational studies faces complications when units enroll in treatment on a rolling basis. While each treated unit has a specific time of entry into the study, control units each have many possible comparison, or “pseudo-treatment,” times. Valid inference must account for correlations between repeated measures for a single unit, and researchers must decide how flexibly to match across time and units. We provide three important innovations. First, we introduce a new matched design, GroupMatch with instance replacement, allowing maximum flexibility in control selection. This new design searches over all possible comparison times for each treated-control pairing and is more amenable to analysis than past methods. Second, we propose a block bootstrap approach for inference in matched designs with rolling enrollment and demonstrate that it accounts properly for complex correlations across matched sets in our new design and several other contexts. Third, we develop a falsification test to detect violations of the timepoint agnosticism assumption, which is needed to permit flexible matching across time. We demonstrate the practical value of these tools via simulations and a case study of the impact of short-term injuries on batting performance in major league baseball.
Events always take (place with) ser
Authors: Fábregas Antonio , Marín Rafael , Perpiñán Sílvia
Published: February 2023

The present study aims to throw light on the behavior of the Spanish copulas ser and estar in locative sentences, beyond their classical distinction in terms of Individual-Level (IL) versus Stage-Level (SL) predicates. The behavior of the Spanish copulas in locative contexts constitutes an oddity that we aim to probe here: events (concierto ‘concert’), despite their clear spatial and temporal anchorage, combine with ser (El concierto es en París ‘The concert is in Paris’), which is the copula typically associated with IL or permanent predicates. To do so, we discuss the behavior of copulas as locative verbs in a broader empirical context, where not just events and individuals are considered, but also other types of nominals, such as qualities and states. We argue that ser emerges with events because time and place constituents combine directly with events, without the intermediation of extra predicational structure. When carrying a marked value, that extra predicational structure triggers the insertion of estar; when there is no predication structure (such as with events) and when the predication structure is unmarked (IL predicates), ser appears as the default copula.
Dual-resonance sensing for environmental refractive index based on quasi-BIC states in all-dielectric metasurface
Authors: Chen Wenjie , Li Ming , Zhang Wenhao , Chen Yuhang
Published: February 2023

Metasurface provides a novel way to modulate light energy at specific wavelengths, namely resonances, where there is a sharp drop in the transmission spectrum. Based on the relationship between the resonant position and the environmental condition, various refractive index detection methods have been developed. However, the resonance spectrum is strongly affected by the environmental and instrumental fluctuations, and current researches usually focus on the improvement of a single sensing performance metric, such as the Q factor, sensitivity, detection range, etc. In this work, we proposed an all-dielectric metasurface for environmental refractive index sensing based on quasi-BIC with an enhanced stability, simultaneously taken into account an enlarged detection range, a high Q factor and a relatively high sensitivity. With this designed metasurface, dual-resonance sensing is realized because the interval between the two resonance peaks in the transmission spectrum decreases near linearly with the environmental refractive index. We experimentally demonstrated that compared to traditional single-resonance sensing, the errors caused by environmental and instrumental fluctuations can be minimized, and the stability can be improved. This metasurface has great potential for applications such as refractive index sensing, concentration detection, biomacromolecule identification, and cancerous cell screening.
Critical review on experimental and theoretical studies of elastic properties of wurtzite-structured ZnO nanowires
Authors: Vlassov Sergei , Bocharov Dmitry , Polyakov Boris , Vahtrus Mikk , Šutka Andris , Oras Sven , Zadin Veronika , Kyritsakis Andreas
Published: February 2023

In this critical review, we call attention to a widespread problem related to the vast disagreement in elastic moduli values reported by different authors for nanostructures made of the same material. As a particular example, we focus on ZnO nanowires (NWs), which are among the most intensively studied nanomaterials due to their remarkable physical properties and promising applications. Since ZnO NWs possess piezoelectric effects, many applications involve mechanical deformations. Therefore, there are plenty of works dedicated to the mechanical characterization of ZnO NWs using various experimental and computational techniques. Although the most of works consider exactly the same growth direction and wurtzite crystal structure, reported values of Young’s modulus vary drastically from author to author ranging from 20 to 800 GPa. Moreover, both – diameter dependent and independent – Young’s modulus values have been reported. In this work, we give a critical overview and perform a thorough analysis of the available experimental and theoretical works on the mechanical characterization of ZnO NWs in order to find out the most significant sources of errors and to bring out the most trustable results.
Sex-Specific Timelines for Adaptations of Prefrontal Parvalbumin Neurons in Response to Stress and Changes in Anxiety- and Depressive-Like Behaviors
Authors: Woodward Emma , Rangel-Barajas Claudia , Ringland Amanda , Logrip Marian L. , Coutellier Laurence
Published: February 2023

Women are twice as likely as men to experience emotional dysregulation after stress, resulting in substantially higher psychopathology for equivalent lifetime stress exposure, yet the mechanisms underlying this vulnerability remain unknown. Studies suggest changes in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activity as a potential contributor. Whether maladaptive changes in inhibitory interneurons participate in this process, and whether adaptations in response to stress differ between men and women, producing sex-specific changes in emotional behaviors and mPFC activity, remained undetermined. This study examined whether unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) in mice differentially alters behavior and mPFC parvalbumin (PV) interneuron activity by sex, and whether the activity of these neurons drives sex-specific behavioral changes. Four weeks of UCMS increased anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors associated with FosB activation in mPFC PV neurons, particularly in females. After 8 weeks of UCMS, both sexes displayed these behavioral and neural changes. Chemogenetic activation of PV neurons in UCMS-exposed and nonstressed males induced significant changes in anxiety-like behaviors. Importantly, patch-clamp electrophysiology demonstrated altered excitability and basic neural properties on the same timeline as the emergence of behavioral effects: changes in females after 4 weeks and in males after 8 weeks of UCMS. These findings show, for the first time, that sex-specific changes in the excitability of prefrontal PV neurons parallel the emergence of anxiety-like behavior, revealing a potential novel mechanism underlying the enhanced vulnerability of females to stress-induced psychopathology and supporting further investigation of this neuronal population to identify new therapeutic targets for stress disorders.
Differential Recruitment of Inhibitory Control Processes by Directed Forgetting and Thought Substitution
Authors: Hubbard Ryan J. , Sahakyan Lili
Published: February 2023

Humans have the ability to intentionally forget information via different strategies, included suppression of encoding (directed forgetting) and mental replacement of the item to encode (thought substitution). These strategies may rely on different neural mechanisms; namely, encoding suppression may induce prefrontally mediated inhibition, whereas thought substitution is potentially accomplished through modulating contextual representations. Yet, few studies have directly related inhibitory processing to encoding suppression, or tested its involvement in thought substitution. Here, we directly tested whether encoding suppression recruits inhibitory mechanisms with a cross-task design, relating the behavioral and neural data from male and female participants in a Stop Signal task (a task specifically testing inhibitory processing) to a directed forgetting task with both encoding suppression (Forget) and thought substitution (Imagine) cues. Behaviorally, Stop Signal task performance (stop signal reaction times) was related to the magnitude of encoding suppression, but not thought substitution. Two complementary neural analyses corroborated the behavioral result. Namely, brain-behavior analysis demonstrated that the magnitude of right-frontal beta activity following stop signals was related to stop signal reaction times and successful encoding suppression, but not thought substitution; and classifiers trained to discriminate successful and unsuccessful stopping in the Stop Signal task could also classify successful and unsuccessful forgetting following Forget cues, but not Imagine cues. Importantly, inhibitory neural mechanisms were engaged following Forget cues at a later time than motor stopping. These findings not only support an inhibitory account of directed forgetting, and that thought substitution engages separate mechanisms, but also potentially identify a specific time in which inhibition occurs when suppressing encoding.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTForgetting often seems like an unintended experience, but forgetting can be intentional, and can be accomplished with multiple strategies. These strategies, including encoding suppression and thought substitution, may rely on different neural mechanisms. Here, we test the hypothesis that encoding suppression engages domain-general prefrontally driven inhibitory control mechanisms, while thought substitution does not. Using cross-task analyses, we provide evidence that encoding suppression engages the same inhibitory mechanisms used for stopping motor actions, but these mechanisms are not engaged by thought substitution. These findings not only support the notion that mnemonic encoding processes can be directly inhibited, but also have broad relevance, as certain populations with disrupted inhibitory processing may be more successful accomplishing intentional forgetting through thought substitution strategies.
HIF: a master regulator of nutrient availability and metabolic cross‐talk in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Missiaen Rindert , Lesner Nicholas P , Simon M Celeste
Published: February 2023

A role for hypoxia‐inducible factors (HIFs) in hypoxia‐dependent regulation of tumor cell metabolism has been thoroughly investigated and covered in reviews. However, there is limited information available regarding HIF‐dependent regulation of nutrient fates in tumor and stromal cells. Tumor and stromal cells may generate nutrients necessary for function (metabolic symbiosis) or deplete nutrients resulting in possible competition between tumor cells and immune cells, a result of altered nutrient fates. HIF and nutrients in the tumor microenvironment (TME) affect stromal and immune cell metabolism in addition to intrinsic tumor cell metabolism. HIF‐dependent metabolic regulation will inevitably result in the accumulation or depletion of essential metabolites in the TME. In response, various cell types in the TME will respond to these hypoxia‐dependent alterations by activating HIF‐dependent transcription to alter nutrient import, export, and utilization. In recent years, the concept of metabolic competition has been proposed for critical substrates, including glucose, lactate, glutamine, arginine, and tryptophan. In this review, we discuss how HIF‐mediated mechanisms control nutrient sensing and availability in the TME, the competition for nutrients, and the metabolic cross‐talk between tumor and stromal cells.
ANALISIS ISI SILABUS, RPP, DAN BAHAN AJAR MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA MANDARIN SMP NUSA PUTERA, SMP KEBON DALEM, DAN SMP KARANGTURI SEMARANG
Authors: Afdilla Dian Lailisa , Irawati Retno Purnama , Anggraeni Anggraeni
Published: February 2023

Abstract___________________________________________________________________The curriculum is one of the educational variables which have an important role in improving the education quality. Every educational unit has been given the freedom to arrange and develop its own curriculum which is based on the arrangement guideline developed by the National Education Standards(BSNP). Meanwhile, the government doesn’t provide the curriculum of Mandarin subject at junior high school level, so that the curriculum arrangement responsibility given to each educational unit. The purpose of this study is to determine the content and the curriculum development of Mandarin subject in the scope of syllabus and lesson plan at junior high school grade VII. The research approach which was used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Based on the findings in the form of Mandarin subject curriculum content analysis from SMP Nusa Putera, SMP Karangturi and SMP Kebon Dalem had been known that there are differences between the curriculum contents of each school. From the research findings, it is known that there is still weakness in the curriculum arrangement, both components and development. It is necessary to do further socialization for schools and the teachers in arranging the curriculum content in order to create a more effective and efficient curriculum. Abstrak__________________________________________________________________Kurikulum merupakan salah satu variabel pendidikan yang berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Setiap satuan pendidikan diberi keleluasaan untuk menyusun dan mengembangkan kurikulumnya sendiri yang berpedoman pada panduan penyusunan yang dikembangkan BSNP. Kurikulum bahasa Mandarin untuk tingkat SMP pemerintah tidak mengeluarkan sehingga penyusunannya diserahkan kepada masing-masing pihak satuan pendidikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui isi dan pengembangan kurikulum bahasa Mandarin dalam lingkup Silabus dan Rancangan Program Pembelajaran (RPP) SMP kelas VII. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang berupa analisis terhadap isi kurikulum bahasa Mandarin dari SMP Nusa Putera, SMP Karangturi dan SMP Kebon Dalem diketahui bahwa terdapat perbedaan antara masing-masing isi kurikulum sekolah tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian masih terdapat kekurangan dalam penyusunan kuirikulum tersebut baik dari segi komponen maupun pengembangannya. Hal ini diperlukan sosialisasi lebih lanjut untuk pihak sekolah dan para pengajar dalam menyusun isi kurikulum agar dapat tercipta kurikulum yang lebih efektif dan efisien.