bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear vibration analysis of curvy single-walled boron nitride nanotube using mathematical modeling for dynamic responses
Authors: Sharma Harsh , Shrivastava Sharad , Rathore Jitendra Singh , Trivedi Sandesh
Published: March 2023

This work explores the feasibility of nonlinear behavior of doubly clamped single-walled boron nitride nanotube (SW-BNNT)-based nanoresonator. A nonlinear mathematical model of wavy SW-BNNT has been developed for analyzing the geometrical nonlinearity. Dynamic responses of nonlinear model have been analyzed for different waviness factors varying from 0.01 to 0.06 using various tools like time series, phase space, Poincaré map and Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs). For the analysis, 20[Formula: see text]nm length of SW-BNNT has been considered. It has been observed from nonlinear analysis, that for responses with a lower value of waviness (e.g., 0.01) for 20[Formula: see text]nm long BNNT, the system’s nature loses its periodicity and shows onset of chaos with dense spectrum in Poincaré maps and irregular pattern in time response. Thus, it is concluded that chaotic response with a less strange attractor has been observed when waviness is 0.01. It is also concluded that, with increase in waviness factor from 0.02 to 0.06, the system showed the multi-periodic response with 2-T, 3-T and 4-T periods. The dynamic responses with varying waviness showed that the system behavior is changing from chaotic to periodic. This change in periodicity is one of the characteristics of chaotic solution.
BayesKGR: Bayesian Few-Shot Learning for Knowledge Graph Reasoning
Authors: Zhao Feng , Yan Cheng , Jin Hai , He Lifang
Published: March 2023

Reasoning over knowledge graphs (KGs) has received increasing attention recently due to its promising applications in many areas, such as semantic search and recommendation systems. Subsequently, most reasoning models are inherently transductive and ignore uncertainties of KGs, making it difficult to generalize to unseen entities. Moreover, existing approaches usually require each entity in the KG to have sufficient training samples, which leads to the overfitting of the entity having few instances. In fact, long-tail distributions are quite widespread in KGs, and newly emerging entities will tend to have only a few related triples. In this work, we aim at studying knowledge graph reasoning under a challenging setting where only limited training samples are available. Specifically, we propose a Bayesian
inductive
reasoning method and incorporate meta-learning techniques in few-shot learning to solve data deficiency and uncertainties. We design a Bayesian graph neural network as a meta-learner to achieve Bayesian inference, which can extrapolate meta-knowledge from observed KG to emerging entities. We conduct extensive experiments on two large-scale benchmark datasets, and the results demonstrate considerable performance improvement with the proposed approach over other baselines.
Bovine Colostrum for Veterinary and Human Health Applications: A Critical Review
Authors: Linehan Kevin , Ross R. Paul , Stanton Catherine
Published: March 2023

Bovine colostrum harbors a diverse array of bioactive components suitable for the development of functional foods, nutraceuticals, and pharmaceuticals with veterinary and human health applications. Bovine colostrum has a strong safety profile with applications across all age groups for health promotion and the amelioration of a variety of disease states. Increased worldwide milk production and novel processing technologies have resulted in substantial growth of the market for colostrum-based products. This review provides a synopsis of the bioactive components in bovine colostrum, the processing techniques used to produce high-value colostrum-based products, and recent studies utilizing bovine colostrum for veterinary and human health.
Genomic Characterization and Pathogenicity of BJEU06-1-Like PRRSV-1 ZD-1 Isolated in China
Authors: Xu Hu , Gong Bangjun , Sun Qi , Li Chao , Zhao Jing , Xiang Lirun , Li Wansheng , Guo Zhenyang , Tang Yan-dong , Leng Chaoliang , Li Zhen , Wang Qian , Zhou Guohui , An Tongqing , Cai Xuehui , Tian Zhi-Jun , Peng Jinmei , Zhang Hongliang
Published: March 2023

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-1 and PRRSV-2 have long been cocirculating in China. To date, all PRRSV-1 strains in China have been classified as subtype 1. We investigated the prevalence of PRRSV-1 in several areas of China from 2016 to 2022 and found that BJEU06-1-like strains comprised the main epidemic branch of PRRSV-1. Pathogenicity data for this subgroup are currently lacking. In this study, the Chinese BJEU06-1-like PRRSV-1 strain ZD-1 was isolated from primary alveolar macrophages (PAMs). ZD-1 has undergone no recombination and has a 5-aa discontinuous deletion in the Nsp2 protein, similar to other BJEU06-1-like strains; additionally, ZD-1 has a 26 aa C-terminal truncation in the GP3 gene. Pathogenicity studies revealed that ZD-1 causes obvious clinical symptoms: prolonged fever; reduced body weight; alveolar epithelial proliferation and moderate alveolar diaphragm widening in the lungs; diffuse lymphocytic hyperplasia in the lymph nodes; high levels of viremia in the serum; and elevated viral loads in the lungs, lymph nodes, and tonsils. These results suggested that the BJEU06-1-like PRRSV-1 strain ZD-1 is moderately pathogenic to piglets. This is the first study to evaluate the pathogenicity of the BJEU06-1-like branch in China, enriching the understanding of PRRSV-1 in China.
Retrospective Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Cachavirus-Related Parvoviruses in Dogs in China
Authors: Ji Jun , Liu Qiang , Pan Shunshun , Hu Wen , Xu Xin , Kan Yunchao , Xie Qingmei , Yao Lunguang
Published: March 2023

Cachavirus (CachaV) infection was first reported in the USA in 2019. This virus has been previously detected in pet dogs and cats in China. In the present study, we retrospectively examined this virus in 413 dogs and 127 cats. Swab samples obtained from these animals were collected during 2015–2017. Notably, CachaV was detected in four samples from dogs with diarrhea but not in cats; however, the correlation between healthy dogs and those with enteritis was not statistically significant. Furthermore, we amplified early complete genomic sequences of the four strains detected in our study dogs (CHN1601, CHN1602, CHN1703, and CHN1704). Among these strains, the sequence identity of the NS1 protein and the seven previously reported strains in China were 97.44%–99.7%, whereas that of VP1 protein was 98.02%–99.6%. Interestingly, in the NS1 coding region, CHN1704 demonstrated 99.7% (highest) similarity with the CachaV strain NWT-W88 detected from a wolf and 64.5% similarity with the NS1 of a bat parvovirus (BtPV) strain. Conversely, in the VP1 coding region, CHN1703 demonstrated 99.7% (highest) similarity with the prototype CachaV strain IDEXX1 detected from dogs and 63.3% similarity with BtPV strain. For the phylogenetic analysis of NS1 and VP1, the four strains detected during 2016-2017 were merged with other Chinese and foreign CachaV strains to form the major branch. We believe that these results helped improve the understanding of how CachaV evolved and suggest that the virus has been circulating in China since at least March 2016.
The Effects of Mucopolysaccharide Polysulfate on Steroid-Induced Tight Junction Barrier Dysfunction in Human Epidermal Keratinocytes and a 3D Skin Model
Authors: Koda Akira , Ishii Yuko , Kashiwagi Ayu , Fujikawa Mika , Kikuchi Keisuke , Hashimoto Ryota , Ueda Yuhki , Doi Takaaki
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The long-term use of topical corticosteroids (TCS) is associated with side effects such as skin atrophy and barrier deterioration. Moisturizers, such as mucopolysaccharide polysulfate (MPS), have been reported to prevent relapses in atopic dermatitis (AD) when used in combination with TCS. However, the mechanisms underlying the positive effects of MPS in combination with TCS in AD are poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of MPS in combination with clobetasol 17-propionate (CP) on tight junction (TJ) barrier function in human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKa) and 3D skin models. Methods: The expression of claudin-1, which is crucial for TJ barrier function in keratinocytes, and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured in CP-treated human keratinocytes incubated with and without MPS. A TJ permeability assay, using Sulfo-NHS-Biotin as a tracer, was also conducted in a 3D skin model. Results: CP reduced claudin-1 expression and TEER in human keratinocytes, whereas MPS inhibited these CP-induced effects. Moreover, MPS inhibited the increase in CP-induced TJ permeability in a 3D skin model. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that MPS improved TJ barrier impairment induced by CP. The improvement of TJ barrier function may partially be responsible for the delayed relapse of AD induced by the combination of MPS and TCS.
An Overlooked Manifestation of Hypercortisolism: Cerebral Cortical Atrophy and Challenges in Identifying the Etiology of Hypercortisolism – A Report of 2 Pediatric Cases
Authors: Eviz Elif , Yesiltepe Mutlu Gul , Arduc Akcay Ayfer , Erbey Fatih , Guran Tulay , Hatun Sukru
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Endogenous Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is a rare, severe disease that can cause multiple systemic involvements and behavioral problems due to excessive cortisol production. Structural changes can be noted in the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of these cases. Cases: A 9-year-old girl and a 13-year-old boy were admitted with hypercortisolism. In the female patient, altered consciousness was prominent along with cerebral and cerebellar brain atrophy, and findings indicating posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome were detected in the brain MRI. Although the male patient’s neurological examination was normal, significant cerebral atrophy was seen in the brain MRI. Case 1 was diagnosed as having ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS) due to a thymic carcinoid tumor. Case 2 underwent a pulmonary lobectomy upon detection of a bronchial lesion in the Ga-68 DOTATATE PET/CT scan while being examined for EAS due to a lack of suppression in the high-dose dexamethasone suppression test. However, hypercortisolism persisted despite the removal of the bronchial lesion, and subsequently, a diagnosis of Cushing’s disease was established following bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling. Discussion: Endogenous hypercortisolism may cause brain atrophy of varying severity. The central nervous system findings can be overlooked in children with CS. More comprehensive studies are needed to better understand the behavioral changes caused by the effects on the brain and to evaluate whether these changes are reversible. In addition, identifying the source of hypercortisolism can be difficult due to a lack of experience related to the rarity of the disease in children.
An optimized approach to enhance the network lifetime through integrated data aggregation and data dissemination in wireless sensor network
Authors: Chikkanayakanahalli LokeshKumar Anitha , Sumathi Ranganathaiah
Published: March 2023

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is an integral part of internet of things (IoT), it comprises multiple sensor nodes to sense that data for various applications; also, sensor nodes have limited energy. Hence, several researchers to improvise the network lifetime and reduce energy through machine learning approaches like clustering have used data aggregation; considering the WSN architecture and development of novel use cases and dynamic behavior, data aggregation cannot solve the problem of efficiency solely. Hence integrating data aggregation and data dissemination can provide a research scope to achieve optimal efficiency. This research work introduces an integrated-data aggregation and data dissemination (DADD) to develop an efficient WSN-based model for lifetime enhancement. Integrated-DADD follows two sub-mechanisms; the first part of the mechanism introduces an optimal clustering technique to perform the clustering and optimal parameter tuning is formulated and efficient data aggregation takes place. The second part of the integrated-DADD introduces optimal data dissemination through optimal path selection, which helps in finding the suitable path for data dissemination. Integrated-DADD is evaluated considering the parameters like energy consumption, network lifetime in terms of rounds; active node participation, and communication overhead, comparative analysis indicates that integrated-DADD outperforms the existing model.
Analysis of machine learning classifiers for predicting diabetes mellitus in the preliminary stage
Authors: Atif Mohammad , Anwer Faisal , Talib Faisal , Alam Rizwan , Masood Faraz
Published: March 2023

Diabetes is the most common disease all over the world and it must be detected early to receive proper treatment, which can prevent the condition from becoming more severe. Automated detection plays an essential role in diabetes early diagnosis. Over the last few decades, many complicated machine learning algorithms and data analysis approaches have been applied for diabetes prediction. To determine the best model for early-stage diabetes prediction, ten different machine learning classifiers have been used in this study. These models were evaluated in terms of accuracy, precision, specificity, recall, F1-score, negative predictive value (NPV), false positive rate (FPR), rate of misclassification, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. The experimental findings indicated that all of the models performed well. Gradient Boosting (GB), with 97.2 percent accuracy, is observed to show the best performance on the early-stage diabetes risk prediction dataset. Random forest (RF) and Adaboost performed similarly to the GB; however, RF and Adaboost's precision was not as good as the GB precision (GB’s).
 
Comparison of various data mining methods for early diagnosis of human cardiology
Authors: Mohammed Shanshool Abeer , Hussien Saeed Enas Mohammed , Hadi Khaleel Hasan
Published: March 2023

Recent healthcare reports indicate clearly an increasing mortality rates worldwide which puts a significant burden on the healthcare sector due to different diseases. Coronary artery diseases (CAD) is one of the main reasons of these uprising death rates since it affects the heart directly. For early diagnosis and treatment of CADs, a swiftly growing technology called data mining (DM) has been used to collect and categorize necessary data from patients; age, blood sugar and pressure, a type of thorax pain, cholesterol, and so on. Therefore, this paper adopted four DM methods; Decision tree (DT), logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), and Naïve Bayes (NB) to achieve the goal. The paper utilized the Cleveland dataset along with Python programming language to compare among the four DM methods in terms of precision, accuracy, recall, and area under the curve. The results illustrated that NB method has the best accuracy of 89.47% compared with previous studies which will help with accurate, fast and inexpensive diagnosis of CADs.
Analysis of the feasibility of adding a grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic system to reduce electrical load
Authors: Mungkin Moranain , Satria Habib , Maizana Dina , Isa Muzamir , Syafii Syafii , Puriza Muhammad Yonggi
Published: March 2023

The power generation system with hybrid system grid connected (HSGC) technology is an energy-saving technology that is able to compensate for electricity loads in an energy-efficient manner in today's technological advances. Electrical transient analyzer power (ETAP) simulation software is implemented so that the modeling will have an impact on the development of hybrid systems. Testing the reliability of the system is simulated at the load of school buildings, laboratories, mosques, and kindergarten schools. parameters obtained by evaluating the ratio of the voltage drop before and after the addition of photovoltaic. The value of the voltage drops decreases with the integration of hybrid photovoltaic. The school building panels experienced a voltage drop of 0.15%, reduced after the addition of photovoltaics and wind turbines. Then on the Laboratory panel, a voltage drops of 0.05% was obtained, on the mosque panel the voltage drop reached 0.11%, and on the kindergarten building panel the voltage drop reached 0.09% after the addition of photovoltaic hybrid. From this comparison it can be said that PV and wind turbines can affect the voltage drop and reduce the consumption of electricity loads from the grid caused by adding power from the hybrid photovoltaic hybrid to each load.
Design of a multi-level inverter for solar power systems with a variable number of levels technique
Authors: Qasim Mohammed A. , Velkin Vladimir Ivanovich , Mohammed Mustafa Fawzi , Sammour Alaa Ahmad , Du Yang , Salih Sajjad Abdul-Adheem , Aljashaami Baseem Abdulkareem , Gulmurodovich Sharipov Parviz
Published: March 2023

Overall harmonic distortion and losses will grow during an energy conversion process, while power stability will be reduced. Multilevel inverter technologies have recently become very popular as low-cost alternatives for a variety of industrial purposes. The design's minimal benefits include reduced component losses, decreased switching and conduction losses, along with enhanced output voltage and current waveforms. Also, a reduction of the harmonic components of the current and output voltage of the inverter are the most important requirements in multilevel inverters. A seven-level inverter design is presented in this paper that is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. The inverter converts the DC voltage from three photovoltaic (PV) systems into AC voltage at seven levels. During an outage of one of the PV systems, the inverter will make a switching reduction and supply the AC voltage as a five-level inverter. The inverter’s total harmonic distortion (THD) when it performs as a five-level or seven-level inverter is 4.19% or 1.13% respectively. The modulation technique used is phase disposition via four carriers and a single reference signal at the fundamental frequency.
A simple duty cycle control technique to minimize torque ripple in open-end winding induction motor
Authors: Aihsan Muhammad Zaid , Jidin Auzani , Alias Azrita , Sutikno Tole
Published: March 2023

Modern electric vehicles (EVs) that drive an induction motor (IM) fed by a traction inverter are fast gaining popularity due to their simple configuration and robustness. The direct torque control (DTC) technique is one of the best control methods to drive the IM, especially in open-end winding configurations, as it offers more voltage vectors. However, the existence of hysteresis controllers and improper switching technique causes larger torque ripples that leads to variable switching frequency. The study will be focused on the open-end winding induction motor where the direct current (DC) power is fed from both sides of the stator windings using the dual inverter configuration. To minimize the torque ripples, a simple switching technique using the duty cycle control method is proposed by injecting a high-frequency square wave into the default inverter switching status to form the new pattern of voltage vectors. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is tested through MATLAB/Simulink software and validated experimentally with a lab-scale setup using a dSPACE controller. The findings show that the proposed method reduces torque ripple by over 50% while keeping the DTC's simple structure.
Development of position tracking electric drive system to control BLDC motor working in very low mode for industrial machine application
Authors: Minh Pham Van , Chuyen Tran Duc , Du Dang Quoc , Co Hoang Dinh
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the research and development of kinematic characteristics and models of electromechanical tracking drive systems working in slow mode are presented, applied in industrial, civil, national defense and security machines security, using brushless direct current motors (BLDC). On the basis of building simulation models; then evaluate the speed, rotation angle, torque, and current components for this tracking electric drive system. The simulation model was verified on MATLAB/Simulink, experimented with the model to demonstrate the research results. These research results will be the basis for setting up control algorithms and designing tracking electric drive systems in industry, civil and national defense.
Reduction of common mode voltage for grid-connected multilevel inverters using fuzzy logic controller
Authors: Tran Quang-Tho , Nguyen Vinh-Quan
Published: March 2023

Cascaded multilevel three-phase inverters are increasing in industries of electric drives and renewable energy because of their large capacity and suffering from high voltage shock. However, the high magnitude of common mode voltage is one of the drawbacks. Thus, the techniques of modulation and control in these multilevel inverters significantly affect the power quality of the output voltage of inverters. This paper presents a technique using fuzzy logic technique for grid-connected cascaded multilevel 3-phase inverters. This technique has completely removed the current controllers and the conventional modulation using carriers. It also helps reduce the magnitude of common mode voltage and increase the dynamic response. Moreover, the ability to reduce harmonics and switching count also helps decrease the switching loss of inverter. The simulation results on a grid-connected cascaded 5-level 3-phase inverter have validated the effectiveness of the presented technique compared with that of the conventional method using phase opposition disposition (POD) and PI current controllers.
Optimal tuning fractional order PID based on marine predator algorithm for DC motor
Authors: Aribowo Widi , Suprianto Bambang , Rahmadian Reza , Widyartono Mahendra , Wardani Ayusta Lukita , Prapanca Aditya
Published: March 2023

DC motors are a popular topic because they are widely applied in various electronic equipment. So, this requires a control that is fast and reliable. The development of optimized control methods is growing rapidly with the discovery of several new methods. Marine predator algorithm (MPA) is an optimization method based on marine life between living things. This article discusses the application of the MPA method for optimizing fractional order PID (FOPID) control on DC motors. The implementation of the FOPID controller is also difficult because the fractional calculus operators of the FOPID controller cannot be directly implemented in numerical calculations. The method proposed in this article is the FOPID-MPA method. To get a performance test of the proposed method, this study uses several comparison methods, namely the seagull optimization algorithm (ASO), chimp optimization algorithm (ChOA), and sine tree seed algorithm (STSA). This study also uses a variation of the reference speed to get the performance of the proposed method. From the experiment it is known that the FOPID-MPA method gives the best performance. The FOPID-MPA method has an overshoot value of 4.34% compared to the PID-MPA method in case study 1 and has an integrated of time-weighted-squared-error (ITSE) value of 7.44% better than the PID-MPA method in case study 2.
Output performance evaluation of the automatic voltage regulator system on pre-filter control technique
Authors: Ohanu Chibuike Peter , Odo Kenneth Chinonso , Omeje Luke Uwakwe , Sutikno Tole
Published: March 2023

Automatic voltage regulator (AVR) is used at each generating station or synchronous generators to maintain voltage supply at steady state or at a constant value otherwise the performance of the generator will be affected. The combination of AVR system with controllers clears fluctuation due to variation in load, speed, temperature, and power factor. This causes deviation in generator’s voltage and damage to power equipment. This work presents performance enhancement of AVR system using Proportional Integral and Derivative (PID) with pre-filter control technique. The enhanced performance was achieved by designing a nonlinear model of a synchronous generator, a PID controller and a low pass filter or pre-filter using MATLAB/Simulink model. The introduction of the proposed PID controller with LPF at load variation of 20 seconds, reduces the rise time and the peak time to 5.2975 seconds and 12.31 seconds respectively. This increases the overshoot and the settling time to 4.28 seconds and 17.60 seconds. However, the developed scheme provides a stable time response performance for various desired generator voltages considered. The performance of the proposed scheme was compared with conventional PID controlled AVR system without LPF. The proposed scheme provides more stability as indicated by the percentage overshoot, which is 4.5788% (for PID) and 4.2765% (for PID with prefilter). This has contributed to knowledge an AVR control system with better performance in terms of rise time, peak time, overshoot and settling time for stabilized generator output voltage.
NARMAX approach for micro positioning stage piezoelectric actuator hysteresis identification
Authors: Amor Ounissi , Kaddouri Azeddine , Abdessemed Rachid
Published: March 2023

The structure of the model may either be inferred via an experimental study or just by looking at the input and output data. A novel nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous inputs (NARMAX) method for identifying PEA piezoelectric positioning mechanisms is put forward in this study. The developed model enables accurate prediction of the hysteresis of the PEAs. The accuracy of the model built from the input and output data will be assessed by comparison with a LuGre model. The results of the identification show that the recommended approach is successful and that it has a high degree of identification precision within an absolute error range of one micron. The findings demonstrated the potential of the suggested method for classifying nonlinear PEAs.
Motor controlled system development with force-assistance using force/torque sensor for four-axis ceiling suspension system
Authors: Jiwane Kshitij Ghanshyam , Patil Sudhir Madhav , Dhanvijay Maneetkumar R.
Published: March 2023

Multi-axis force and torque sensors are type of transducers. They can measure force and torque in three dimensions. These sensors have multiple applications in robotic systems. The majority of these type of sensors use the strain measurement in any elastic structure. There are multiple approaches for strain measurement which include resistive strain gauge, piezo-electric and capacitive technologies. The evaluation of such a system can be done on various parameters, maximizing the acceptable sensing range while minimizing measurement errors/crosstalk is the main design challenge. In future, because force and torque sensors are necessary for service machines to interact with people in different situations, they will be widely deployed. However, it is challenging to find an appropriate force/torque sensor, and the cost is very high, because of certain design concerns and needs. This paper discusses an application based on the multi-axis force/torque sensor. A force-assisted control system has been proposed with simultaneous motorized action using force as feedback. The sensor needs and machine performance are reviewed after a thorough analysis of relevant data. This thorough investigation will benefit in the interfacing of specialized force/torque sensors to reduce crosstalk and aid in broadening the scope of service machines in which they can be used.
Establishment of new automated multi range thermal current converter
Authors: Abdelmonaem Nahed , Ali Rasha Sayed Mohammed , Shatla Hamdy
Published: March 2023

A new automated multirange thermal current converter (TCC) has been designed and implemented at the National Institute of Standards (NIS), Egypt. Five single junction thermal current converters (SJTCCs) have been connected in parallel on PCB with an LCD, keypad and a microcontroller to control a five fast switching relays. This TCC has been designed to cover the ac current ranges from 500 mA to 5 A at frequencies from 40 Hz up to 100 kHz. The construction of the new automated TCC has been presented to solve some problems of using shunt resistance at high currents. Furthermore, a new automatic calibration system has been established to calibrate the established TCC against another standard TCC. This software program has been specially designed using MATLAB program to overcome the problems of manual calibration and measurement. The expanded uncertainties are estimated for all ranges at different frequencies and also, the ac-dc differences. The performance of the new automated TCC is also evaluated by comparing its accuracy by measuring ac currents at different frequencies with the performance of a traditional TCC.
High-efficiency bidirectional resonant WPT system for electric vehicles
Authors: Tampubolon Marojahan , Chiu Huang-Jen , Hsieh Hsin-Che , Lin Jing-Yuan , Hsieh Yao-Ching
Published: March 2023

The wireless power transfer (WPT) system has become popular given its safety and flexibility in electric vehicle (EVs) charging applications. Due to the increasing number of EVs, vehicle to grid (V2G) can be implemented in the future in which a bidirectional WPT is one of the key features. A high-efficiency bidirectional resonant WPT system is studied and implemented in this study. Besides bidirectional capability, single stage and regulated output voltage are other features of this work. It is done by using the variable frequency control without sacrificing efficiency and conforming to the typical frequency range of the WPT system for EVs application. The analysis of the series-series compensated WPT is presented, followed by the design consideration of the developed bidirectional WPT system. At last, the implementation and experimental results for a 3 kW laboratory prototype are also presented to show the validity and the feasibility of the proposed scheme. A 96.8% efficiency at a 210-mm gap and a 95% efficiency at a 250-mm gap can be achieved under a rated power condition.
Study and analysis of modified LMF control method for power quality improvement
Authors: Rao Rajaboyana Narendra , Sreenivasulu Meda , Ramakrishna Busharaju
Published: March 2023

This paper presents a least fourth-based control method for distribution static compensator for compensation of power quality issues that are reactive power, issues of current, unbalancing loads. The direct current (DC) link voltage of distribution static compensator operated as self-supported. The control method used to extracting the tuned mass reactive and active power values of load values. They are significant divisions in source reference currents. The comparison of harmonic distraction with PI and PSO-PI controller is discussed. The proposed DSTATCOM is tested under nonlinear load condition and its working is seen as palatable. The proposed system is developed and simulated by utilizing MATLAB/Simulink with accessible sim power tool (SPS).
Terceiro setor e futuros possíveis para as mulheres
Authors: Saldanha Daiany Mayara de França
Published: March 2023

O texto narra a trajetória de vida da autora, bem como suas vivências como empreendedora social no terceiro setor. Nesse âmbito, questiona onde estão as mulheres nesse campo do trabalho, em especial as mulheres negras. Para tanto, usando sua própria história como pano de fundo, traz pesquisas e estudos que dão a dimensão da falta de espaço, representatividade e voz das mulheres (negras, lésbicas, periféricas) no terceiro setor, em especial em posições de comando e decisão. Por fim, a autora conclui o texto com uma provocação e um chamado para agir de modo diferente, a fim de criar novos futuros possíveis para as mulheres.
Open Box da Ciência: o protagonismo das mulheres no mercado de trabalho brasileiro
Authors: Leão Natália , Félix André
Published: March 2023

O debate sobre como alcançar a equidade de gênero e raça na produção acadêmica é necessário em um cenário onde a presença e contribuição das mulheres na ciência são inquestionáveis. As mulheres são maioria no ensino superior brasileiro desde os anos 1990, entretanto, o avanço de suas carreiras não atingiu os resultados esperados ao se comparar com seus colegas homens. Esse mesmo padrão se segue ao compararmos as cientistas brancas e negras, estando as últimas em desvantagem.
Resveratrol Preconditioning Mitigates Ischemia-Induced Septal Cholinergic Cell Loss and Memory Impairments
Authors: López-Morales Mikahela A. , Escobar Iris , Saul Isabel , Jackson Charles W. , Ferrier Fernando J. , Fagerli Eric A. , Raval Ami P. , Dave Kunjan R. , Perez-Pinzon Miguel A.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Cholinergic cells originating from the nuclei of the basal forebrain (BF) are critical for supporting various memory processes, yet BF cholinergic cell viability has not been explored in the context of focal cerebral ischemia. In the present study, we examined cell survival within several BF nuclei in rodents following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. We tested the hypothesis that a previously established neuroprotective therapy—resveratrol preconditioning—would rescue BF cell loss, deficits in cholinergic-related memory performance, and hippocampal synaptic dysfunction after focal cerebral ischemia.

Methods:

Adult (2–3-month old) male Sprague-Dawley rats or wild-type C57Bl/6J mice were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of resveratrol or vehicle and subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion using the intraluminal suture method 2 days later. Histopathological, behavioral, and electrophysiological outcomes were measured 1-week post-reperfusion. Animals with reduction in cerebral blood flow <30% of baseline were excluded.

Results:

Cholinergic cell loss was observed in the medial septal nucleus and diagonal band of Broca following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. This effect was prevented by resveratrol preconditioning, which also ameliorated transient middle cerebral artery occlusion–induced deficits in cognitive performance and hippocampal long-term potentiation.

Conclusions:

We demonstrate for the first time that focal cerebral ischemia induces cholinergic cell death within memory-relevant nuclei of the BF. The preservation of cholinergic cell viability may provide a mechanism by which resveratrol preconditioning improves memory performance and preserves functionality of memory-processing brain structures after focal cerebral ischemia.
Simulation of Atlantic Hurricane Tracks and Features: A Coupled Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Bose Rikhi , Pintar Adam L. , Simiu Emil
Published: March 2023

The objective of this paper is to employ machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques to obtain, from input data (storm features) available in or derived from the HURDAT2 database, models capable of simulating important hurricane properties (e.g., landfall location and wind speed) consistent with historical records. In pursuit of this objective, a trajectory model providing the storm center in terms of longitude and latitude and intensity models providing the central pressure and maximum 1-min wind speed at 10-m elevation were created. The trajectory and intensity models are coupled and must be advanced together, 6 h at a time, as the features that serve as inputs to the models at any given step depend on predictions at the previous time steps. Once a synthetic storm database is generated, properties of interest, such as the frequencies of large wind speeds, may be extracted from any part of the simulation domain. The coupling of the trajectory and intensity models obviates the need for an intensity decay model inland of the coastline. Prediction results are compared with historical data, and the efficacy of the storm simulation models is evaluated at four sites: New Orleans, Louisiana; Miami, Florida; Cape Hatteras, North Carolina; and Boston, Massachusetts.
Collective Resilience and Coping Mechanisms Among International Faculty Members Amid Snap Lockdowns During the Delta and Omicron Variant Outbreaks in East China
Authors: Nam Benjamin H. , English Alexander S.
Published: March 2023

This study explores international faculty members’ resilience and the active challenges to establishing coping mechanisms while facing a mental health crisis provoked by the Delta and Omicron lockdowns in China. Grounded in a qualitative approach, this study used a transcendental phenomenological methodology to examine 16 international faculty members affiliated with higher education institutions in Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Nanjing. The findings showed that participants had various mental health issues amid snap lockdowns and persistent nucleic acid application tests. They perceived the most influential sources of coping mechanisms to be (a) social and emotional support; (b) prosocial behavior; and (c) engagement with the public and social services alongside the domestic faculty members. This study emphasizes the significance of collective resilience and prosocial behaviors, calling on future scholars to pay more attention to the host group’s cultural values and community resilience as coping mechanisms during the public health crisis provoked by the pandemic.
Mental Health Needs Among Asian and Asian American Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: McGarity-Palmer Rebecca , Saw Anne , Sun Mengxue , Huynh Michael Pham , Takeuchi David
Published: March 2023

Objective:

Disaggregated data on the mental health of Asian/Asian American people are needed to inform public health interventions related to reports of racism during the COVID-19 pandemic. We describe the prevalence of psychological distress and unmet mental health needs among Asian/Asian American adults during the COVID-19 pandemic across various sociodemographic subgroups.

Methods:

We used cross-sectional, weighted data from the US-based 2021 Asian American and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander COVID-19 Needs Assessment Study (unweighted n = 3508) to estimate prevalence rates of psychological distress and unmet mental health needs, overall and by nativity status. We conducted population-weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine sociodemographic factors associated with these mental health outcomes.

Results:

About one-third (1419 of 3508) of Asian/Asian American adults (32.9%; 95% CI, 30.6%-35.2%) reported psychological distress; odds of psychological distress were increased among adults who were female, trans, and nonbinary; aged 18-44 years; US-born; Cambodian; multiracial; and low income. Of those reporting psychological distress (638 of 1419), 41.8% (95% CI, 37.8%-45.8%) reported unmet mental health needs; unmet mental health needs were highest among Asian/Asian American adults who were aged 18-24 years; Korean, Japanese, and Cambodian; US-born female; non–US-born young adults; and non–US-born with ≥bachelor’s degree.

Conclusions:

The mental health of Asian/Asian American people is an important public health concern, with some groups more vulnerable and in need of services than others. Mental health resources need to be designed for vulnerable subgroups, and cultural and systemic barriers to mental health care need to be addressed.
Application of a flexible visitation system in critically ill patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Yang Hu-yong , Feng Fang , Yang Wei-wei , Chen Yu
Published: March 2023

Objective:

To determine the feasibility of a flexible visitation system in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods:

A randomized, open-label, parallel group clinical trial was conducted. All patients admitted to the ICU of the Lanzhou University Second Hospital from April to June 2022 were enrolled. The enrolled patients were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group according to a computer-generated random sequence table.

Results:

A total of 410 patients were admitted. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 140 patients were included in the experimental group (flexible visitation group) and 140 in the control group (normal visitation group). The average number of visitation minutes per day between the experimental group and the control group was 24.7 versus 23.9 min ( p > 0.05).Among the outcome indicators, delirium occurred in 8 (5.7%) patients in the intervention group and in 24 (17.1%) patients in the control group ( p = 0.003). Five complaints (mainly pressure ulcers) were received, with one in the experimental group and the others in the control group. There were 28 cases of nosocomial infection in the experimental group and 29 cases in the control group; therefore, the incidence of nosocomial infection was 20% versus 20.7% ( p = 0.882). A total of 280 questionnaires were collected, with a retrieval rate of 100%. The satisfaction of patients in the experimental group and the control group was 98.6% and 92.1%, respectively ( p = 0.011). The flexible visiting system reduced the ICU length of stay (LOS). The ICU LOS of the experimental group was 6 versus 8 days for the control group ( p = 0.041). However, the flexible visiting system did not reduce the hospital stay (17 vs. 19 days, p = 0.923).

Conclusion:

Conducting a flexible visitation system in ICUs could reduce the incidence of delirium in critically ill patients and improve the quality of nursing care; furthermore, the rate of nosocomial infections was not increased. These findings need to be further verified by a multicentre, large-scale clinical trial.
Chronic use of benzodiazepines: The problem that persists
Authors: Louie Dexter L , Jegede Oluwole O , Hermes Gretchen L
Published: March 2023

Though clinical guidelines and policies discourage the chronic prescribing of benzodiazepines, rates of prescribing have continued to rise in the United States with an estimated 65.9 million office visits per year made for this purpose. Quietly, we have become a nation on benzodiazepines. There are numerous reasons for this discrepancy between official recommendations on the one hand, and actual clinical practice on the other. Drawing from the literature, we argue that while patients and providers both shoulder some of the responsibility, they cannot be solely blamed. Rather, policies and guidelines regarding benzodiazepine prescribing have become out of touch with the clinical reality that benzodiazepines are now deeply entrenched in modern medicine. We propose that guidelines regarding benzodiazepines need to reconsider how to apply concepts such as harm reduction and other lessons learned in the opioid epidemic in order to help physicians manage this increasingly pressing problem affecting millions of Americans.
Foucault Before the Collège de France
Authors: Elden Stuart , Irrera Orazio , Lorenzini Daniele
Published: March 2023

This introduction to the special issue ‘Foucault Before the Collège de France’ surveys Foucault’s work in the first part of his career. While there is a familiar chronology to the books he published in the 1960s – from History of Madness to The Archaeology of Knowledge – the story can be developed in relation to his articles, his translations, his early publications and manuscripts, and his teaching. Looking at the programme of posthumous publication of many of his courses and unfinished manuscripts, this introduction discusses key themes, and introduces the papers of the special issue which analyse these texts in detail. It concludes with some general thoughts about what these hitherto neglected or hidden sources tell us about the work of Foucault. Although it adds some cautions about their use, we believe the texts and lectures analysed in this issue and others from the period before the Collège de France add valuable insights into our understanding of Foucault’s intellectual development, his interests and plans, and his enduring influence on a variety of fields in the humanities and social sciences.
Neuromuscular retraining therapy for early stage severe Bell's palsy patients minimizes facial synkinesis
Authors: Kim Dae Rock , Kim Jin Han , Jung Su Hyeon , Won Yong Joo , Seo Soo Myeong , Park Ji Seong , Kim Woo Shik , Kim Gi-Cheol , Kim Jin
Published: March 2023

Objective

To explore whether early physical interventions, including neuromuscular retraining therapy, can minimize excessive movement or any unwanted co-contraction after a severe Bell's palsy.

Data sources

From March 2021 to August 2022, the therapist treated Bell's palsy patients for the acute (<3 months, Group A), subacute (3–6 months, Group B) and chronic (> 6 months, Group C) stages of the condition.

Methods

We explored whether early physical interventions, including neuromuscular retraining therapy, can minimize facial synkinesis after a severe episode of Bell's palsy. Each patient was informed about the potential for synkinesis and the therapist explained that the main purpose of neuromuscular retraining therapy is to learn new patterns to minimize synkinesis. The facial function of Group A was compared to that of Groups B and C using the ‘Synkinesis’ scale of the Sunnybrook Facial Grading System.

Results

The final facial function score after neuromuscular retraining therapy was significantly associated with both the initial electroneuronographic degeneration rate and initial facial function. Early therapy did not prevent synkinetic movement in 84.7% of the patients. But, there was a significant difference between patients who started early neuromuscular retraining therapy and other groups in final facial function.

Conclusion

Synkinesis in Bell's palsy patients can be minimized if physiotherapy commences before synkinesis develops; appropriate neuromuscular retraining therapy timing is essential. A patient with sudden severe Bell's palsy should receive oral steroids as soon as possible, along with physical therapy (including neuromuscular retraining therapy) within 3 months, to minimize synkinesis just before synkinesis onset.
Microvascular dysfunction associated with unfavorable venous outflow in acute ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Li Xiaoshuang , Lin Liping , Zhang Jian , Fan Yuhua , Xing Shihui , Jiang Li , Yang Zhiyun , Zhao Jing , Li Jingjing
Published: March 2023

Unfavorable venous outflow (VO) is associated with cerebral edema, which represents microvascular dysfunction. This study estimated the relationship between VO and microvascular function in acute ischemic stroke patients. We retrospectively included 102 MCA/ICA occluded patients with anterior circulation infarction who underwent reperfusion therapy between July 2017 and April 2022. Unfavorable VO was defined as a cortical vein opacification score of 0–3 and favorable VO as that of 4–6. The clinical characteristics, collateral status, microvascular integrity, and outcomes were compared between patients with favorable and unfavorable VO. Multivariate analysis and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis were used. The patients with unfavorable VO had higher extravascular-extracellular volume fraction (Ve) in the infarct core and a lower percentage of robust arterial collateral circulation. ROC analysis revealed that Ve in the infarct core predicts unfavorable VO (AUC = 0.67, sensitivity = 65.08%, specificity = 69.23%). The higher Ve in the infarct core (odds ratio = 1.011, 95% CI = 1.000–1.021, P = 0.046) and poor arterial collateral flow (odds ratio = 0.102, 95% CI = 0.032–0.327, P < 0.001) were independent predictors of unfavorable VO. This suggests that microvascular dysfunction may be one of the mechanisms underlying impaired VO.