bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoliposome-encapsulated diclofenac sodium and celecoxib enable long-lasting synergistic treatment of osteoarthritis
Authors: Chu Bo , Chen Dagui , Ma Senlin , Yang Yong , Shang Fusheng , Lv Wei , Li Yinghua
Published: May 2024

Background: Diclofenac sodium (DS) and celecoxib (CEL) are primary anti-inflammatory agents used in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). Formulating these drugs into extended-release versions can effectively address the issue of multiple daily doses. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoliposome as a dual-drug delivery sustained-release formulation (PPLs-DS-CEL) to achieve long-lasting synergistic treatment of OA with both DS and CEL. Methods: PPLs-DS-CEL was synthesized by the reverse evaporation method and evaluated for its physicochemical properties, encapsulation efficiency, drug release kinetics and biological properties. A rat OA model was established to assess the therapeutic efficacy and biosafety of PPLs-DS-CEL. Results: The particle size of PPLs-DS-CEL was 218.36 ± 6.27 nm, with a potential of 32.56 ± 3.28 mv, indicating a homogeneous vesicle size. The encapsulation of DS and CEL by PPLs-DS-CEL was 95.18 ± 4.43% and 93.63 ± 5.11%, with drug loading of 9.56 ± 0.32% and 9.68 ± 0.34%, respectively. PPLs-DS-CEL exhibited low cytotoxicity and hemolysis, and was able to achieve long-lasting synergistic analgesic and anti-inflammatory therapeutic effects in OA through slow release of DS and CEL, demonstrating good biosafety properties. Conclusion: This study developed a novel sustained-release nanoliposomes formulation capable of co-loading two drugs for the long-acting synergistic treatment of OA. It offers a new and effective therapeutic strategy for OA treatment in the clinic settings and presents a promising approach for drug delivery systems.
Explaining Suicide Among Indian Women: Applying the Cultural Theory of Suicide to Indian Survivors of Gender-Based Violence Reporting Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Patel Anushka , Dixon Kelly E. , Rojas Sasha , Gopalakrishnan Lakshmi , Carmio Natali
Published: May 2024

Indian women account for 36.6% of suicide-related deaths worldwide and gender-based violence (GBV) is a key social determinant. The cultural theory of suicide (CTS), which synthesizes risk factors and explanations of suicide among racial/ethnic minorities, posits four tenets: idioms of distress, cultural sanctions, and social discord. Our study applied the CTS to Indian women from slums reporting GBV to explore (1) culturally relevant risk pathways towards suicidal ideation using qualitative analyses, and test (2) the association between idioms of distress and suicidal ideation. 112 women from urban slums were recruited and 99 completed surveys. A subset were administered qualitative interviews. Aim 1 explored the CTS framework among participants describing suicidal ideation in qualitative interviews [ n = 18]; Aim 2 explored if idioms of distress severity was associated with suicidal ideation through an ANCOVA [ N = 99]. Idioms of distress such as ‘tension’ indicated suicidal ideation. Communities did not sanction suicidal ideation, leading to secrecy regarding disclosure. Women in ‘love marriages’ (versus arranged marriages) reported minority stress. Social discord heightened suicidal thoughts. Results of the ANCOVA confirmed that women reporting suicidal ideation had higher idioms of distress severity ( M = 28.56, SD = 6.37), compared to women who did not ( M = 21.77, SD = 6.07), F(1, 96) = 28.58, p < .001 (ηp2 = .23). Our study empirically validates the CTS among Indian GBV survivors. Culturally responsive suicide prevention can include assessing idioms of distress, improving family support, and educating to reduce stigma and enhance help-seeking.
Predicting Recovery Pathways in Jewish Ultra-Orthodox Intimate Partner Violence Survivors: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Szyfer Lipinsky Aiala , Goldner Limor , Hadar Dana , Saint-Arnault Denise
Published: May 2024

Cultural and religious norms, as well as trauma-related cognitions and recovery actions, are known to impact the well-being of survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV). Although acknowledged as a key component, there is scant research on the recovery trajectories of women who have experienced IPV, in particular on survivors from collectivistic societies such as the Jewish Ultra-Orthodox (JUO) community in Israel. A mediation model examined the recovery process of 261 Israeli JUO survivors. In particular, it tested whether the normalization of violence and women’s endorsement of Jewish religious norms that justify violence would be directly and negatively associated with women’s well-being and positively associated with psychopathology. Additionally, it examined whether women’s normalization of violence and support of religious norms would positively predict women’s negative trauma-related cognitions. In turn, these cognitions were expected to negatively predict women’s engagement in recovery actions, help-seeking behaviors, and faith-based responses but positively predict disengagement responses. The model further posited that women’s engagement in steps toward recovery, help-seeking behaviors, and faith-based responses would positively predict women’s well-being and negatively predict psychopathology. In contrast, women’s disengagement responses would negatively predict women’s well-being and positively predict their psychopathology. Bootstrap results indicated that supporting religious norms positively predicted women’s trauma-related cognitions, which then negatively predicted women’s recovery actions, help-seeking behaviors, and faith-based responses but positively predicted women’s disengagement responses. Women’s recovery actions and faith-based responses positively predicted women’s well-being, while disengagement responses positively predicted women’s psychopathology. Contrary to expectations, help-seeking behaviors positively predicted psychopathology.
Social Cognitive Predictors of Health Promotion Self-Efficacy Among Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yang Michelle C. , Singh Gurkaran , Sakakibara Brodie M.
Published: May 2024

Purpose

To examine the relative importance of social cognitive predictors (ie, performance accomplishment, vicarious learning, verbal persuasion, affective state) on health promotion self-efficacy among older adults during COVID-19.

Design

Cross-sectional.

Setting

Data collected online from participants in British Columbia (BC), Canada.

Subjects

Seventy-five adults (n = 75) aged ≥65 years.

Measures

Health promotion self-efficacy was measured using the Self-Rated Abilities for Health Practices Scale. Performance accomplishment was assessed using the health directed behavior subscale of the Health Education Impact Questionnaire; vicarious learning was measured using the positive social interaction subscale of the Medical Outcomes Survey - Social Support Scale (MOS-SSS); verbal persuasion was assessed using the informational support subscale from the MOS-SSS; and affective state was assessed using the depression subscale from the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21).

Analysis

Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the relative importance of each social cognitive predictor on self-efficacy, after controlling for age.

Results

Our analyses revealed statistically significant associations between self-efficacy and performance accomplishment (health-directed behavior; β = .20), verbal persuasion (informational support; β = .41), and affective state (depressive symptoms; β = −.44) at P < .05. Vicarious learning (β = −.15) did not significantly predict self-efficacy. The model was statistically significant ( P < .001) explaining 43% of the self-efficacy variance.

Conclusion

Performance accomplishment experiences, verbal persuasion strategies, and affective states may be the target of interventions to modify health promotion self-efficacy among older adults, in environments that require physical and social distancing.
Evolving Publics and the Practice of Public Sociology
Authors: Evans Peter
Published: May 2024

How do the changing roles of diverse publics affect possibilities for the practice of public sociology? Having set this question in the context of Burawoy’s 2004 launch of public sociology, this analysis goes on to look at some distinguished illustrative examples of public sociology, beginning with Du Bois. The goal is to explore how the evolution of surrounding ‘archipelagos of publics’ creates challenges and opportunities for public sociology. In addition to Du Bois, the work of Edward Webster and his colleagues in South Africa, the unorthodox career of Marshall Ganz and the ethnographic public sociology of Arlie Hochschild are considered. A synoptic sketch of the evolution of publics in Brazil since the 1964 military coup and an example of contemporary Brazilian public sociology—the ‘Emancipation Network’—follow. I conclude with a ‘neo-Polanyian pessimist’ vision of what the contemporary combination of neoliberalism and reactionary authoritarianism might mean for public sociology.
“They say they listen. But do they really listen?”: A qualitative study of hospital doctors’ experiences of organisational deafness, disconnect and denial
Authors: Creese Jennifer , Byrne John Paul , Conway Edel , O’Connor Gerard , Humphries Niamh
Published: May 2024

The sharing of information and feedback directly from service-providing staff to healthcare organisational management is vital for organisational culture and service improvement. However, hospital doctors report feeling unable to communicate effectively with management to provide evidence and affect improvement, and this can impact job satisfaction, workplace relations, service delivery and ultimately patient safety. In this paper, we draw on data elicited from a Mobile Instant Messaging Ethnography (MIME) study involving 28 hospital doctors working in Irish hospitals, to explore the barriers preventing them from speaking up and effecting change, and the impact of this on staff morale and services. We identify three major barriers, consistent with previous literature, to effective feedback and communication: (1) organisational deafness, (2) disconnect between managers and frontline staff, and (3) denial of the narratives and issues raised. We draw these together to identify key implications from these findings for healthcare managers, and suggest policy and practice improvements.
Reading the ‘Signs of the Time’: Just War Statecraft and the ‘Immorality’ of Nuclear Weapons
Authors: Braun Christian Nikolaus
Published: May 2024

This article grapples with the justifiability of nuclear deterrence in the aftermath of Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine. Disillusioned about the failed promise of nuclear disarmament, as well as other ethical issues inherent to nuclear weapons, Pope Francis has attached the immorality label not just to the use of the Bomb but also to its very possession. This step, which his predecessors hesitated to take during the Cold War and the quarter of a century after the fall of the Berlin Wall, has received considerable attention. However, these assessments precede the war against Ukraine. Given that the regime of Vladimir Putin has repeatedly made nuclear threats in the context of this war, and a Cold War 2.0 of sorts has returned, there is reason to reappraise Francis's argument on nuclear weapons for a post-2022 era. I argue with regret that in light of the contemporary security environment it would be a sign of irresponsible statecraft to abandon the nuclear deterrent unilaterally. At the same time, I hold that a renewed and genuine effort needs to be made not just to avoid nuclear war but to create a culture that one day will lead to complete nuclear disarmament.
The Aha Moment! The Effects of Serendipity and Innovation on Crowdfunding Performance
Authors: Oo Pyayt P. , Sahaym Arvin , Hmieleski Keith M. , Chan Richard , Parhankangas Annaleena
Published: May 2024

Serendipity has played a significant role in the history of invention. Yet, little is known about whether serendipitous inventions are perceived as more or less innovative and thus achieve greater success in seeking funding than those resulting from deliberate processes. The current study explores this issue using a matched-pair sample of 168 serendipitous and non-serendipitous inventions used by entrepreneurs to raise capital through crowdfunding. The results demonstrate that serendipitous inventions are more positively related to crowdfunding success than non-serendipitous ones via perceptions of product innovativeness. Thus, serendipitous inventions appear to be socially rewarded rather than penalized in the context of crowdfunding.
Emergency Medicine Physician Residents’ Perceptions of Emergency Medicine Clinical Pharmacists’ Involvement in Their Training
Authors: Ibarra Francisco , Sawtelle Stacy , Cruz Mallory
Published: May 2024

Background:

Although the clinical impact of emergency medicine clinical pharmacists (EMCPs) on patient care outcomes is well documented, their educational impact on resident physicians’ training is not.

Objective:

To further highlight the utility of EMCPs, this study evaluated emergency medicine (EM) resident physicians’ perceptions of EMCPs’ involvement in their training.

Methods:

A voluntary, anonymous web-based survey was sent by email to all 44 EM resident physicians in July 2022. The survey included multiple choice, 5-point Likert scale, and free response questions derived from Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education pharmacotherapy competency-based milestones.

Results:

Thirty-six of the 44 (82%) residents completed the survey and all 10 PGY-4 class residents completed the survey. Nearly half of the respondents (44.4%) reported they consulted/interacted with the EMCPs 3 to 5 times per week and this number increased with the level of training. Respondents most often consulted the EMCPs to obtain medication indications, antibiotic dosing, pediatric dosing, and contraindications. Overall, respondents primarily reported strongly agree to all survey questions. Nearly all respondents strongly agreed the EMCPs are an important part of the patient care team and provide education that is different from what a supervising physician provides. All respondents who completed the pharmacy elective strongly agreed the elective was valuable and strongly recommended other residents to complete it.

Conclusion and relevance:

Respondents reported EMCPs are an important part of the patient care team, play a significant role in their training, and provide education that is different from what a supervising physician provides. Our findings encourage other institutions to leverage physicians’ views of EMCPs to expand their service line.
Comparison of Heart Rates in Patients Initiated on Ticagrelor Versus Other P2Y12 Inhibitors After an Inferior ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI)
Authors: Law Taylor M. , Wohlfarth Kevin M.
Published: May 2024

Background:

P2Y12 inhibitors have differing associations of bradyarrhythmias. Ticagrelor has been shown to increase adenosine plasma concentrations leading to increases in bradyarrhythmias. While clopidogrel and prasugrel have not been shown to have any association with bradyarrhythmias.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to determine heart rates after ticagrelor initiation compared to clopidogrel/prasugrel in inferior ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients.

Methods:

This was a retrospective, multicenter study conducted at 3 primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) centers between January 1, 2017 and September 30, 2022. Adult patients were included if they were diagnosed with an inferior STEMI to the right coronary artery (RCA) and treated with PCI followed by an oral P2Y12 inhibitor. The primary outcome was heart rate at 48 hours or discharge, whichever first, after administration of ticagrelor compared to clopidogrel/prasugrel.

Results:

This study reviewed 331 patients, 172 in the ticagrelor group and 159 in the clopidogrel/prasugrel group. There were no statistical differences between groups regarding the primary outcome, with a median heart rate of 76 beats per minute (bpm) [67-85] in the ticagrelor group versus 73 bpm [66-84] in the clopidogrel/prasugrel group ( P = 0.238). No differences were observed between groups regarding any secondary outcomes.

Conclusion and relevance:

There were similar heart rates between ticagrelor and clopidogrel/prasugrel. There were also similarities in the ability to tolerate beta-blocker therapy after initiation of a P2Y12 inhibitor. The results of this study suggest that in inferior STEMIs when using ticagrelor as the P2Y12 inhibitor, there are not increased clinical manifestations of bradycardia.
A 3-Ligament Syndesmotic Injury Is at Higher Risk for Malreduction Than a 2-Ligament Injury: A CT-Based Analysis
Authors: Spindler Fabian Tobias , Böcker Wolfgang , Polzer Hans , Baumbach Sebastian Felix
Published: May 2024

Background:

Syndesmotic malreduction is common and has been associated to an impaired outcome. Various risk factors for DTFJ malreduction have been postulated. The aims of this study were to assess the DTFJ malreduction rate based on (1) the severity of the syndesmotic injury, (2) the anatomy of the tibial incisura, and (3) the fixation device used in patients treated with suture-button systems.

Methods:

This retrospective, radiographic study included all adult patients who were treated for an acute, unilateral, and unstable syndesmotic injury with a suture-button system and postoperative bilateral CT imaging. Included were isolated syndesmotic injuries and fracture cases. The number of syndesmotic ligaments injured, that is, 2-ligament (AiTFL+IOL) and 3-ligament (AiTFL+IOL+PiTFL), was rated for each patient. The quality of DTFJ reduction, as well as the anatomy of the tibial incisura, was rated based on the postoperative, bilateral CT images and the intraoperative DTFJ reduction was recalculated based on the drilling-tunnel deviation. The possible influence on the DTFJ malreduction rate was assessed.

Results:

A total of 147 patients were included, and 94 and 53 patients had a 2- and 3-ligament syndesmotic injury, respectively. In addition, 113 patients were treated with a single-button system, 26 with a double suture-button system, and 8 with a hybrid fixation (suture-button + screw). Malreduction was significantly higher in 3-ligament compared with 2-ligament injuries, both intraoperatively (51% vs 27%; P = .003) and postoperatively (28% vs 11%; P = .006). The tibial anatomy had no significant influence on the malreduction rates. No significant differences were seen per the different fixation devices used independent of the number of ligaments injured.

Conclusion:

This study did not find an influence of the incisura’s anatomy on the DTFJ malreduction rate. However, we did find that 3-ligament syndesmotic injuries carried a higher risk of intra- and postoperative malreduction compared with 2-ligament injuries.
Prevalence, Correlates, and Comorbidities Among Young Adults Who Screened Positive for ADHD in South Korea During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Park SongEun , Park Subin
Published: May 2024

Objective:

This study examined the prevalence, associated factors, and psychiatric comorbidities of adult ADHD during the COVID-19 pandemic by analyzing nationally representative data.

Methods:

Among the 5,511 respondents of the 2021 National Mental Health Survey, South Korea, 2,764 (18–49 years) were selected. The Korean versions of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale, Composite International Diagnostic Interview, and Structured Clinical Interview for Internet Gaming Disorder were used as diagnostic assessments.

Results:

The 6-month prevalence of positive screens for adult ADHD was 3.1%. In individuals aged 18 to 29 years exhibiting adult ADHD symptoms, high prevalence rates of alcohol use, depression, and Internet gaming disorders were observed in the last 12 months. Adults who screened positive for ADHD reported significantly lower life satisfaction and resilience, and higher loneliness and social isolation (vs. non-ADHD group).

Conclusion:

Adult ADHD symptoms significantly influenced mental well-being, highlighting the need for an appropriate treatment/prevention system, particularly for individuals aged 18 to 29 years.
Bilateral sequential ischemic retinopathy and optic neuropathy in IgG1 heavy chain deposition disease
Authors: Finn Matthew J. , Sharma Arjun , Guenena Mohamed , Jiang Ying , Savant Shravan V. , Ramsey David J.
Published: May 2024

Purpose:

To report a case of progressive ischemic retinopathy and optic neuropathy in a patient with heavy chain deposition disease (HCDD), a rare form of monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease (MIDD).

Observations:

Our case describes a 74-year-old woman diagnosed with IgG1 lambda HCDD. After treatment with daratumumab and intravenous IVIG therapy, the patient developed worsening ischemic retinopathy and optic neuropathy, neovascular glaucoma, and bilateral sequential vitreous hemorrhages, necessitating surgical intervention. We present multimodal imaging from the onset of ischemic retinopathy to end-stage maculopathy illustrated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography. Despite discontinuing treatment with daratumumab and providing maximal ocular interventions to control the complications of neovascular disease, the patient's condition progressed, resulting in profound vision loss.

Conclusions and Importance:

Our case illustrates the potential for HCDD to cause end-organ disease, including ischemic retinopathy and optic neuropathy, possibly worsened by the patient's underlying cardiovascular risk factor status and medications. Daratumumab, a humanized IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody that binds to CD38 used to treat specific blood cancers, has been reported to cause disturbances in retinal blood flow, including retinal artery and vein occlusions. It remains to be determined whether careful patient selection or dose adjustments and timing of HCDD treatments could protect vision by reducing the risk of these rare yet severe ocular complications.
Towards Sustainable Solid Waste Management Systems: Empirical Evidence From Northern Malawi
Authors: Kamanga Tommy Wakana , Chitete Moses MN , Kamanga Bernard CG , Damazio Chitsanzo , Yafeti Yamikani , Sibande Mary
Published: May 2024

Solid waste management system in Mzuzu City is a growing concern due to its inefficiency and the resulting effect of accumulation of solid waste. In light of this environmental challenge, a study was conducted to assess the system’s effectiveness. Through a mixed methods approach and random sampling, 400 respondents from 5 different areas of the city of Mzuzu were selected to provide comprehensive and unbiased responses. It was found that both the public and private sectors lack a complete commitment to sustainable waste management, citing reasons such as limited knowledge on recycling benefits, inadequate infrastructure and budgetary constraints. As a solution, the study proposes a government-led campaign to change attitudes towards waste production and promote recycling. Additionally, a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) should be utilised to develop policies and strategies that encourage private sector involvement in eco-friendly waste management. To further enhance recycling practices, support is needed in transitioning to circular economy waste management practices through regular education and training.
Emerging Strategies in Adjuvant Immunotherapy: A Comparative Review of Bladder Cancer and Renal Cell Carcinoma Treatments
Authors: Balli Sevinc , Bolek Hatice , Ürün Yüksel
Published: May 2024

Recent progress in adjuvant immunotherapy offers hope for improving disease-free survival in high-risk bladder cancer (BC) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This review focuses on key trials such as CheckMate 274 and KEYNOTE-564, which show promising results with nivolumab in BC and pembrolizumab in RCC, including a 30% reduction in progression risk. Pembrolizumab also demonstrated overall survival (OS) benefit in RCC. The review also explores the potential of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) as a biomarker for better therapy selection and patient stratification. It emphasizes the need for ongoing research to establish survival benefits and suggests integrating biomarkers and risk stratification to optimize adjuvant immunotherapy in BC and RCC.
Toy tourism: Exploring the co-creating roles of toy-tourist-destination congruence and self-construal in creating well-being and its outcomes
Authors: Meng Bo , Xing Na
Published: May 2024

Toy tourism is an emerging tourism development in which tourists and toys can gain interactive and well-being experiences at travel destinations. However, few studies have examined the process of how this can be accomplished through toy tourism activities. By using self-congruence theory and self-construal as a theoretical basis, the study results ( n  =  254) demonstrate that the value creation process in toy tourism is an interactive process achieved by integrating destination variables (i.e., congruence among toys, tourists, and tourism destinations) and personal trait variables (i.e., self-construal). Furthermore, such co-creation mechanisms illustrate contributions to the toy tourists’ well-being (i.e., self-expressiveness) and its outcomes (i.e., self-identity and storytelling). This study provides theoretical insights into well-being formation by examining relationships between tourist, destination, and toys through toy tourism activities. Moreover, it provides useful practical implications for toy tourism-related industries.
Effectiveness of identity-building interventions on recovery identity and patient-reported health outcomes in chronic diseases: A meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Jianan , Zhu Hanjing , Zhu Dian , Chang Fangyuan , Liu Chenyang , Yang Yan , Han Ting
Published: May 2024

This meta-analysis aimed to assess the impact of identity-building interventions on recovery identity and patient-reported health outcomes in chronic disease patients. We identified 15 relevant empirical studies (comprising 2261 patients) from 989 records through extensive keyword searches and manual screening conducted between March 2nd and March 13th, 2023. Utilizing the Cochrane tool, meta-regression, and the GRADE approach, we evaluated these studies for their characteristics, findings, and quality. The analysis revealed that identity-building interventions, encompassing recovery-oriented group, interest group, and linguistic approaches, positively influenced identity synthesis and had varying effects on health outcomes. Notably, multiple regression analysis demonstrated that identity synthesis significantly predicted health outcomes. However, the study identified mild heterogeneity, a high attrition bias risk, and insufficient data on selection and detection bias as limitations. Overall, identity-building interventions proved influential in enhancing recovery identity, a vital predictor of patient-reported health outcomes in chronic disease patients.
Introducing Point-of-Care PCR technology in general practice: Ambiguities, experiences, and perceptions among health care professionals
Authors: Simonsen Line Maria , Eilerskov Natasja , Andersen Rikke Sand , Soendergaard Jens , Nielsen Jesper Bo , Jarbøl Dorte Ejg , Thilsing Trine , Balasubramaniam Kirubakaran , Assing Hvidt Elisabeth
Published: May 2024

In this paper we present findings from a qualitative ethnographic study investigating the experiences and perceptions of general practitioners and other practice staff when introducing a new point of care diagnostic test technology (point of care polymerase chain reaction (POC PCR)) in general practice in Denmark. The ethnographic study was conducted in five general practice clinics, involving observations in four of the clinics and interviews with general practitioners and practice staff in all five clinics. Following an initial analytic phase in which barriers and facilitators in the implementation process of the Point-of-Care test were identified, we developed theoretically informed themes, drawing upon Hartmut Rosa’s social theory of technological acceleration. These themes included ambiguous experiences and perceptions of: (i) diagnostic specification and inflation embedded in diagnostic practices; (ii) empowerment and erosion of professional judgment; (iii) strategies of security and insecurity in communication; (iv) the interdependence between professional autonomy and economic structures associated with organizational power; and (v) subjective and organizational time. We discuss how diagnostic technologies simultaneously contribute to and disrupt treatment safety, efficiency, and medical decision-making. Using Rosa’s sociological concepts of alienation and resonance, this article furthermore explores how these ambiguous dynamics are experienced in general practice settings. It also examines the implications of navigating a heterogeneous socio-technical and medical landscape and what it means to be a health professional in a contemporary general practice environment that is increasingly shaped by diagnostic technologies.
Subjectivity conditioned by narrative form: A narratological approach to emotion in narrative journalism
Authors: Aare Cecilia
Published: May 2024

In recent years, media researchers have displayed an increased interest in emotion as an element of the content in both news journalism and narrative journalism. These studies lack a theoretical definition of emotion and do not usually specify what characterizes narrative journalism more than it being “not objective” and, consequently, not similar to conventional journalism. In practice, they identify emotion through frames of personalization or explicit expressions of feelings and evaluations. However, narrative journalism integrates implicitly conveyed emotion. To enable a broader understanding of the function of emotion in narrative journalism, this article gives examples of and analyzes how emotion and the related concept subjectivity is used and discussed in two different fields of research: social sciences-influenced journalism studies and literature-influenced studies. The dualistic view on journalism as either subjective or objective is questioned when narrative journalism (also known as reportage or literary journalism) is placed in a professional context, where the genre is based on its own tradition and represents its own form of knowledge, due to its main characteristic: a narrative form. Finally, the article demonstrates how tools drawn from narratology can illuminate diverse storytelling techniques that transmit emotion implicitly rather than explicitly.
Protein-based tissue adhesive reduces time to haemostasis in peripheral vascular surgery
Authors: Troisi Nicola , Marconi Michele , Michelagnoli Stefano , Dalla Caneva Patrizia , Frosini Pierfrancesco , Di Domenico Rossella , Pratesi Carlo , Berchiolli Raffaella
Published: May 2024

Objectives

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of protein-based tissue adhesive (Bioglue®) in reducing time to haemostasis in patients undergoing peripheral vascular surgery.

Methods

From January to December 2021, 100 consecutive patients from 4 centres have been treated with open peripheral vascular surgery including upper and lower limb interventions. Patients have been allocated in each centre into control with no use of Bioglue® ( Group no-Bio, 50 patients) or use of Bioglue® ( Group Bio, 50 patients) by a block randomization method 10:10 until the required sample size was reached. Perioperative parameters including time to haemostasis, number of adjunctive stitches, and in-hospital bleeding have been analysed and compared in the two groups by means of mean independent-samples tT -test and Gehan–Breslow–Wilcoxon test.

Results

Both groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic data, preoperative risk factors, and preoperative medical therapy except for a higher percentage of active smokers in Group Bio (52% vs. 24%, p = 0.004). Femoral endarterectomy was most common in Group Bio (44% vs. 24%, p = 0.03), whilst the percentage of lower limb vein bypasses was higher in Group no-Bio (50% vs. 36%, p = 0.03). Bovine pericardium was the preferred material in Group Bio (20 cases, 40%), whilst autologous vein is mostly used in Group no-Bio (26 cases, 52%) ( p = 0.01). Time to haemostasis was faster in Group Bio (4.4 vs. 9.6 minutes, p < 0.001). The need for adjunctive stitches was higher in Group no-Bio (8 cases, 16%, Group Bio vs. 25 cases, 50%, Group no-Bio; p < 0.001). The overall rate of in-hospital bleeding, including those requiring reintervention, was not different between the two groups (9 cases, 18%, Group Bio vs. 7 cases, 14%, Group no-Bio; p = 0.39).

Conclusions

The protein-based tissue adhesive Bioglue® reduced time to haemostasis and need for adjunctive stitches in peripheral vascular surgery. However, it did not affect the overall rate of perioperative bleedings. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate these outcomes.
Justice in the streets? Towards a criminology of more-than-spatial justice
Authors: Lundberg Kajsa , Popovski Hristijan , Young Alison
Published: May 2024

Criminology has long taken an interest in cities and in the question of justice in the streets. But what constitutes ‘justice’ in urban spaces such as city streets? We consider this question through a focus on the use of street spaces by public protesters and people experiencing houselessness, whose use of the streets is often subject to legal, social and municipal regulation. Our analysis contributes to criminology’s interest in cities and city spaces, tracing a trajectory through three conceptual paradigms: the ‘just city’, the ‘right to the city’ and recent discussions of ‘spatial justice’. Building from the concept of spatial justice, we argue for a theory of more-than-spatial justice attuned to the volumetric dimensions and convivial possibilities of the city and its streets.
Muscle preservation in proximal nerve injuries: a current update
Authors: Lysak Andrii , Farnebo Simon , Geuna Stefano , Dahlin Lars B.
Published: May 2024

Optimal recovery of muscle function after proximal nerve injuries remains a complex and challenging problem. After a nerve injury, alterations in the affected muscles lead to atrophy, and later degeneration and replacement by fat-fibrous tissues. At present, several different strategies for the preservation of skeletal muscle have been reported, including various sets of physical exercises, muscle massage, physical methods (e.g. electrical stimulation, magnetic field and laser stimulation, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound), medicines (e.g. nutrients, natural and chemical agents, anti-inflammatory and antioxidants, hormones, enzymes and enzyme inhibitors), regenerative medicine (e.g. growth factors, stem cells and microbiota) and surgical procedures (e.g. supercharge end-to-side neurotization). The present review will focus on methods that aimed to minimize the damage to muscles after denervation based on our present knowledge.
Development and validation of a novel therapeutic drug monitoring-based nomogram for prediction of primary endoscopic response to anti-TNF therapy in active Crohn’s disease
Authors: Chen Liang , Kang Dengfeng , Fang Leilei , Sun Mingming , Li Mingsong , Zhou Guangxi , Xu Chunjin , Pang Zhi , Ye Yulan , Feng Baisui , Wu Huili , Lin Jian , Ding Baijing , Liu Changqin , Shi Yanhong , Liu Zhanju
Published: May 2024

Background:

Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) monoclonal antibodies, especially infliximab (IFX) and adalimumab (ADA), are considered the first-line treatment for active Crohn’s disease (CD). However, the predictive role of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of serum anti-TNF in monitoring the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains controversial.

Objectives:

To explore the correlation between serum anti-TNF levels and early endoscopic response in active CD using a TDM-based nomogram.

Design:

Cross-sectional study.

Methods:

The simplified endoscopic activity score for CD (SES-CD), Crohn’s disease activity index (CDAI), laboratory parameters, and the serum trough levels of IFX and ADA were assessed.

Results:

The trough levels of IFX or ADA were significantly higher in patients with endoscopic response compared to non-responders in the development cohort ( p < 0.001). The IFX and ADA levels showed a weak but significantly negative correlation with SES-CD ( p < 0.001), CDAI ( p < 0.001), and C-reactive protein (CRP) ( p < 0.001) at week 14 post-IFX therapy in the development cohort. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic curve revealed that an optimal level of IFX (4.80 μg/mL) and ADA (8.80 μg/mL) exhibited the best performance in predicting endoscopic response. Concomitantly, we developed a novel nomogram prediction model based on the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, which consisted of CRP, albumin (Alb), and anti-TNF trough levels at week 14. The nomogram showed significant discrimination and calibration for both IFX and ADA in the development cohort and performed well in the external validation cohort.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates a robust association between serum concentrations of IFX, ADA, Alb, and CRP and primary endoscopic response in active CD patients. Importantly, the TDM- and laboratory marker-based nomogram may be used to evaluate the primary endoscopic response to anti-TNF therapy, especially for optimizing treatment strategies and switching therapy in CD patients.
Morphoanatomical and Biochemical Changes in Seeds of Bagassa guianensis (Moraceae)
Authors: Becker Dhyene Rayne dos Santos , Herrera Raírys Cravo , Rocha Tainá Teixeira , Bezerra Delziane Araújo , Leão Fábio Miranda , Reis Alisson Rodrigo de Souza , Lobo da Costa Roberto Cézar , Oliveira Lenaldo Muniz de , Nascimento Marilza Neves do
Published: May 2024

Bagassa guianensis Aubl. is a tree of high timber value (Moraceae family) native to the Amazon. In this study, we characterized the morphoanatomical and biochemical properties of  Bagassa guianensis seeds at different levels of fruit control based on biometric, morphoanatomical, color and biochemical analyses. Four stages of seed development have been identified in the fruit of  Bagassa guianensis. The seeds presented endosperm, being classified as albuminous. Seeds from fruits with 5 GY 4/4 colors and green pigmentation (stage I) presented fully formed embryos. According to PCA (principal component analysis) data, it was found that all stages of seed dominance had a significant effect and highly correlated with the biochemical properties of the seed. Despite the comparatively low biometric values, high levels of Total Soluble Sugars (3.58%), Total Soluble Proteins (2.12%) and Reducing Sugars (1.43%) were observed in seeds at this stage. On the other hand, the content of amino acids (0.87%) and starch (3.30%) was higher at late maturity. The highest amounts of starch were detected from stage II onwards (31.29 mg/g DM), when the seeds reached physiological maturity. Biochemical and morphological information from seeds are relevant for planning conservation, observation and restoration strategies, and this study on the species  B. guianensis is essential.
Emerging strategies for tissue engineering in vascularized composite allotransplantation: A review
Authors: Ren Danyang , Chen Jun , Yu Meirong , Yi Chenggang , Hu Xueqing , Deng Junjie , Guo Songxue
Published: May 2024

Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA), which can effectively improve quality of life, is a promising therapy for repair and reconstruction after face or body trauma. However, intractable issues are associated with VCA, such as the inevitable multiple immunogenicities of different tissues that cause severe rejection, the limited protocols available for clinical application, and the shortage of donor sources. The existing regimens used to extend the survival of patients receiving VCAs and suppress rejection are generally the lifelong application of immunosuppressive drugs, which have side effects. Consequently, studies aiming at tissue engineering methods for VCA have become a topic. In this review, we summarize the emerging therapeutic strategies for tissue engineering aimed to prolong the survival time of VCA grafts, delay the rejection and promote prevascularization and tissue regeneration to provide new ideas for future research on VCA treatment.
HbA1c overestimates the glucose management indicator: a pilot study in patients with diabetes, chronic kidney disease not on dialysis, and anemia using isCGM
Authors: Gómez Medina Ana , González Camilo A. , Muñoz Oscar M. , Gómez Yalinne , Jaramillo Pablo E. , Henao Diana , Rodríguez Luis M. , Molina Yurany
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

There are multiple mechanisms by which HbA1c values can be altered in chronic kidney disease (CKD), which limits its usefulness as a strategy to assess glycemic control in this population.

Methods:

Concordance and agreement study between two diagnostic tests: HbA1c and glucose management indicator (GMI) measured by intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM), based in a prospective cohort of patients with diabetes, CKD (glomerular filtration rate between 15 and 60 ml/min/1.73 m²), and anemia. The isCGM was performed for 3 months, and the GMI was compared with the HbA1c levels taken at the end of isCGM. Agreement was evaluated using Bland–Altman graph analysis and Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). The concordance of the measures with good glycemic control (<7%) was also evaluated.

Results:

A total of 74 patients were enrolled (median age 68.5 years, 51.3% female, 64.9% with CKD stage 3, hemoglobin 11.1 ± 1.2 g/l). The Bland–Altman analysis shows a mean difference between GMI and HbA1c of 0.757 ± 0.687% (95% limits of agreement: −0.590 and 2.105). Difference was greater as the values of GMI and HbA1c increased. The agreement was poor [CCC 0.477; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.360–0.594], as well as the concordance of values with good glycemic control according to GMI versus HbA1c (67.5% versus 29.7%, p < 0.001) (Kappa 0.2430; 95% CI: 0.16–0.32).

Conclusion:

The HbA1c overestimates the GMI values with highly variable ranges of difference, which prevents a precise correction factor. isCGM probably is a safer option for monitoring and decision-making in this population, especially in patients treated with insulin where the risk of hypoglycemia is greater.
PairAnything’s tech-forward approach to revolutionize wine selection
Authors: Choi Beom-Jin , Serrato Christy
Published: May 2024

The wine industry is undergoing significant digital transformations influenced by evolving consumer preferences, technological innovations, and global disruptions such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This case study examines PairAnything’s endeavor to enhance the overall dining experience, guiding consumers to optimal wine selections that complement their meals and ultimately increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty. PairAnything is a tech startup that specializes in developing innovative solutions for the wine industry. They are known for their advanced technology platforms that streamline the process of ordering and purchasing products for businesses in the food sector. This study showcases PairAnything’s seamless integration of innovative technologies, complemented by best practices rooted in user-centric design thinking, lean startup principles, and agile development approaches. It illustrates how PairAnything successfully adapted to the evolving needs of the modern wine industry by harnessing information technology and best practices to achieve strategic differentiation within the conventional wine industry landscape.
Person-centered maternity care during childbirth and associated factors at public hospitals in central Ethiopia
Authors: Kabale Wogene Daro , Bekele Gemechu Gelan , Gonfa Dajane Negesse , Yami Amare Tesfaye
Published: May 2024

Objectives:

Person-centered maternity care during childbirth is crucial for improving maternal and newborn health outcomes. Therefore, this study was aimed at assessing the determinants of person-centered maternity care in Central Ethiopia.

Methods:

An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in public hospitals in Central Ethiopia from 30 January to 1 March 2023. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to enroll the study participants. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. After data collection, it was checked for completeness and consistency, then coded and entered into Epi Data version 4.4.2 and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify associated factors.

Results:

In this study, a total of 565 participants were involved, resulting in a response rate of 98.77%. The respondents mean score for person-centered maternity care was 60.2, with a 95% CI of (59.1, 62.3). No formal education (β = −2.00, 95% CI: −4.36, −0.69), fewer than four antenatal contacts (β = −4.3, 95% CI: −5.46, −2.37), being delivered at night (β = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.56, 6.45), and complications during delivery (β = −6.00, 95% CI: −9.2, −0.79) were factors significantly associated with lower person-centered maternity care.

Conclusion:

This study revealed that person-centered maternity care is low compared with other studies. Consequently, it is imperative to prioritize initiatives aimed at enhancing awareness among healthcare providers regarding the benchmarks and classifications of person-centered maternity care. Moreover, efforts should be directed toward fostering improved communication between care providers and clients, along with the implementation of robust monitoring and accountability mechanisms for healthcare workers to prevent instances of mistreatment during labor and childbirth.
External auditory canal metastasis revealing bronchogenic carcinoma: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ayadi Sirine , Walha Omar , Kharrat Rania , Ben Ayed Mariem , Hammami Boutheina , Chaabouni Mohamed Amine , Charfeddine Ilhem
Published: May 2024

This report presents a rare case of bronchogenic adenocarcinoma with initial metastasis in the external auditory canal. The patient, a 64-year-old man with a history of bladder urothelial carcinoma, initially presented with a persistent right otitis externa. Otoscopic examination revealed a mass obstructing the right external auditory canal. The temporal bone computed tomography scan revealed a mass that completely obstructed the right external auditory canal and extended into the middle ear. A biopsy showed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of bronchogenic origin, confirmed by positive immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin 7 and Thyroid transcription factor-1. Further imaging revealed a large tumor mass in the lung involving the mediastinum and parenchyma, along with carcinomatous lymphangitis and cerebral metastasis. Histopathological examination of the primary lung tumor confirmed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with similar features to the metastasis in the external auditory canal. The tumor was staged as T4N2M1c, and the patient underwent local external-beam radiation therapy with chemotherapy.