bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CÓMO LA COMPRENSIÓN CULTURAL E INDIVIDUAL DE LOS PROCESOS DE DESARROLLO Y LOS NIVELES DE CONCIENCIA PUEDEN AYUDARNOS A DAR FORMA A LOS DESAFÍOS DEL TURISMO POSPANDÉMICO
Authors: Brummer Mia
Published: June 2021

A necessidade dos viajantes mudará significativamente, do mesmo modo como as ofertas dos provedores de destinos de viagem depois da pandemia. Mas que ferramentas de avaliação deveremos usar se ainda não podemos predizer até onde irá o mercado? Pode um olhar à compreensão cultural e individual dos processos cíclicos de desenvolvimento e aos níveis de consciência ajudar-nos a dominar os desafios do turismo pós-pandêmico e a encontrar soluções? Neste artigo comparo a história do desenvolvimento do indivíduo, da cultura e do turismo para fazer uma previsão sobre onde pode se desenvolver o turismo pós-pandêmico. Se compreendermos como se desenrolam os indivíduos e as coletividades, que necessidades, meios, desafios e objetivos têm, também poderemos prever o desenvolvimento do turismo porque isso está estreitamente relacionado às necessidades individuais e coletivas.
A ESCOLA DE CHICAGO DE SOCIOLOGIA: O QUE A TORNOU UMA ESCOLA?
Authors: Eufrasio Mário A.
Published: June 2021

Por que, durante os anos de 1920, a Universidade de Chicago foi um centro tão criativo para o desenvolvimento da Escola de Chicago de Sociologia? Como e por que, entre 1915 e 1935, a sociologia floresceu tão notavelmente na Avenida Midway, numa universidade que, desde a sua fundação em 1892, exerceu uma influência muito desproporcional sobre o desenvolvimento das ciências sociais nos Estados Unidos? Não só Chicago foi o centro principal da sociologia no mundo nesse período, mas a característica da abordagem do departamento era a de um esforço intelectual amplo e coletivo. E a sociologia não foi um caso único: a escola de Chicago de filosofia, fundada por John Dewey, estava no auge de sua influência. A escola de Chicago de ciência política estava ganhando força e reputação. A escola de Chicago de economia já apontava no horizonte.
“O QUE OS OLHOS NÃO VEEM O CORAÇÃO NÃO SENTE”: RELIGIÃO – INCLUSÃO – EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Vera Luci Machado Prates da
Published: June 2021

A história tem expandido o olhar sobre a complexidade da deficiência e sua presença no percurso da humanidade, bem como a forma de tratar as questões que envolvem as pessoas atingidas por ela. A Fraternidade Cristã de Pessoas com Deficiência (FCD) é um movimento que nasceu em meados do século XX, na Europa, de cunho essencialmente religioso. Traz em seu bojo forte impulso para a visibilidade da pessoa com deficiência à medida que vai possibilitando a ela a conquista da autoestima e autonomia e resgatando a dignidade humana inerente a todas as pessoas, com deficiência ou não. Nesse processo há um empoderamento e envolvimento em lutas por seus direitos e pelos direitos de outras pessoas marginalizadas.  A conquista da autoestima e da autonomia e o resgate da dignidade humana são elementos fundamentais que sedimentam o alicerce para uma educação inclusiva.
O ESPAÇO DO BRINCAR E DA CRIANÇA NA METRÓPOLE
Authors: Merhej Merenice
Published: June 2021

Este artigo propõe-se a apresentar resultado de investigação sobre qual o espaço do brincar e das crianças na metrópole, analisando duas praças localizadas na periferia de São Paulo, no bairro do Campo Limpo, zona sudoeste. Foi utilizada a Escala de Bem Estar e Envolvimento no intuito de analisar a interação das crianças, grau de envolvimento e, sobretudo, a adequação dos equipamentos destinados a elas. A observação da pesquisa compreendeu o mês de julho de 2019, período de férias escolares. Para análise final, foram levantadas referências com base na definição de brincar como atividade de livre escolha, proposta por Huizinga, da criança como um problema social do adulto, proposta por William Corsaro e o papel das brincadeiras no desenvolvimento da criança de três a cinco anos, foco dessa investigação, sob a perspectiva de Vigotsky.
INTERCULTURALIDADE NA ESCOLA PÚBLICA DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Miyahira Elbio , Sayar Karoline Rezende
Published: June 2021

Este texto procura analisar como se dá a relação entre os estudantes imigrantes bolivianos ou filhos de bolivianos e os estudantes brasileiros em uma escola pública da cidade de São Paulo e como a escola trabalha essa questão. Pesquisas anteriores demonstraram que havia uma grande indiferença à presença dos alunos imigrantes por parte dos professores e da direção em algumas escolas públicas de São Paulo. Com isso não havia uma ação pedagógica específica para tratar as particularidades dos imigrantes. Também não se buscava regular a relação entre os grupos evitando a prática de bullying e, muito menos, se buscava promover uma integração entre os grupos. Realizou-se a observação de classe durante quatro semanas seguidas em duas turmas (oitavo e nono anos) de uma escola estadual da região central da cidade de São Paulo. Verificou-se que a escola observada criou um ambiente multicultural, no sentido de desenvolver uma convivência mais pacífica entre as diferentes culturas, mas ainda não conseguiu construir um ambiente de interação e integração entre os grupos. Constatou-se a utilização de práticas pedagógicas que contribuem para a convivência entre os grupos, mas verificou-se que ainda há muitas ações que poderiam ser desenvolvidas.
A MIGRAÇÃO DE PORTUGUESES E LUSO-ANGOLANOS PARA A AMÉRICA LATINA (1975-1977)
Authors: Barreto Isabel de Souza Lima Junqueira
Published: June 2021

Durante o ano de 1975 meio milhão de pessoas chegaram a Portugal vindas das antigas colônias africanas (Angola, Moçambique, Guiné-Bissau, São Tomé e Príncipe e Cabo Verde), predominantemente dos dois primeiros, as principais colônias lusitanas no século XX. Incapaz de acomodar esse grande volume de pessoas, assolado por grave crise econômica, Portugal solicitou auxílio. Houve negociações diplomáticas entre o país e o Comitê Intergovernamental para as Migrações Europeias (CIME), atual Organização Internacional para as Migrações (OIM). Por meio dessa instituição foram contatados países da América Latina, Brasil, Argentina e Venezuela, para que tais países recebessem parte dos migrantes que majoritariamente vinham de Angola. A grande maioria deles se instalou no Brasil. O governo criou uma força tarefa para auxiliá-los na chegada. Muitos foram auxiliados pela comunidade portuguesa. Desses, entre 80 e 90% retornaram a Portugal nos anos 1980. Quanto aos demais países da América Latina, a Venezuela, que tem a segunda maior colônia portuguesa da região, recebeu migrantes devido ao boom de exploração petrolífera. A Argentina, onde portugueses constituem o terceiro maior grupo de migrantes, recebeu um grupo menor.
CENTRO DE ESTUDOS RURAIS E URBANOS – NAP/CERU
Authors: Souza Maria Christina Siqueira de
Published: June 2021

O CERU foi fundado em 1964 como uma sociedade civil sem fins lucrativos, reconhecida como de utilidade pública federal e estadual. Funciona junto ao Departamento de Sociologia da FFLCH/USP. Em setembro de 1992 tornou-se um Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa NAP/CERU, ligado à Pró-reitoria de Pesquisa da Universidade de São Paulo.
LA EXPLOSIÓN DE LA ENSEÑANZA ONLINE TRAS LA PANDEMIA - BASES EPISTEMOLÓGICAS
Authors: Carrasco Selín , Baldivieso Silvia
Published: June 2021

La Pandemia del corona virus es la turbulencia que acerca la Era Digital de manera brusca a los ciudadanos, los estudiantes y profesores lo viven de manera imprevista, muchos como si nunca hubiesen escuchado acerca de las posibilidades de enseñar o estudiar online. Esto hace necesaria la presentación de una epistemología que muestre que la educación online no es una moda, ni una imposición forzada, ni una mala jugada del capitalismos, la educación con fuerte apoyo online es la educación propia de la Era Digital y hay una serie de pensadores que así lo sostienen. Este artículo pretende mostrar una propuesta de estructura conceptual que soporta en primer lugar a la Era Digital, y después a la educación necesaria para desarrollarse como individuo en ese contexto.
Apresentação
Authors: Demartini Zeila de Brito Fabri , Campos Maria Christina Siqueira de Souza
Published: June 2021

A proposta de abordar os desafios enfrentados no campo da educação no Brasil pretendia dar continuidade às  discussões que a mesma exige de cientistas sociais e educadores em virtude da precariedade do atendimento ainda disponibilizado à  população e também dos resultados muito aquém do desejado com relação à educação de crianças e jovens.
ESCOLAS E A PANDEMIA, AÇÕES DE ENFRENTAMENTO DO AFASTAMENTO EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Souza Roger Marchesini de Quadros , Couto José Cláudio Diniz , Couto Luzia Serapicos Martins Diniz
Published: June 2021

educação do estado, municípios e as escolas públicas e privadas a adotarem ações de isolamento social, com consequente suspensão de aulas presenciais, e adoção de modelos diversos de ensino remoto. Essas medidas, adotadas em regime de emergência e sem o necessário planejamento, impactaram diretamente o “chão da escola”, o trabalho docente e, consequentemente, a aprendizagem dos alunos. Neste artigo, apresentamos pesquisa realizada neste momento decisivo, a partir de acesso a reuniões pedagógicas promovidas por videoconferência e depoimentos colhidos de alunos e professores também via remota. Trata-se de reflexões iniciais que permitirão, com seu aprofundamento e novas pesquisas, a generalização pretendida, mas que em certa medida, já refletem a realidade vivida em diversos sistemas de ensino e regiões como podemos verificar ao longo do artigo.
Apresentação
Authors: Campos Maria Christina Siqueira de souza , Silva Leonardo Gomes de Mello e
Published: June 2021

Três artigos e uma resenha compõem a seção dedicada ao tema “trabalho” deste Dossiê Trabalho & Família que o Cadernos CERU traz agora aos leitores, acostumados que estão a acompanhar as contribuições, discretas e perseverantes, em ciências sociais saídas desta longeva publicação do Centro de Estudos Rurais e Urbanos da USP. Os artigos são: o relato de uma pesquisa feita em uma empresa do setor energético francesa por dois jovens pesquisadores do Centro Pierre Naville da Universidade de Evry (França); uma longa entrevista com a socióloga Lucie Tanguy, dedicada há décadas a estudar, na França, a relação entre formação profissional e trabalho, além da história institucional dos centros de pesquisa daquele país orientados para o estudo desses temas, e que teve traduzida no Brasil, há alguns anos (2017) a obra A Sociologia do Trabalho na França. Pesquisa sobre o Trabalho dos Sociólogos (1950-1990)[1]; e finalmente a tentativa de estabelecer um balanço teórico sobre o debate recente, entre sociólogos de língua inglesa, em torno das contribuições de Polanyi e Marx para o entendimento do capitalismo global, por um doutorando em Sociologia da USP. A resenha, escrita também por uma doutoranda da USP, é sobre uma obra de 2016 publicada no Reino Unido e que aborda um assunto da maior relevância para o futuro do trabalho: a Inteligência Artificial e os usos que podem ser feitos da ciência cognitiva nesse aspecto. Parece pouco (três artigos e uma resenha), mas a qualidade dos textos e a abertura que possibilitam em termos de temáticas e problemas são suficientes para justificar a sua agregação conjunta neste número dos Cadernos. O termo que vem imediatamente à mente é: caleidoscópio. Trata-se de um conjunto de ângulos de ataque que permite, de forma insuspeitada, capturar, cada um à sua maneira, diferentes tópicos que frequentam as pesquisas sobre o trabalho, a sociologia do trabalho e disciplinas conexas (a psicologia, a educação e a ciência política, por exemplo).
A escola e o estabelecimento da hierarquia na sociedade japonesa
Authors: Kikuchi Wataru
Published: June 2021

A hierarquia social é um componente importante para a compreensão da sociedade japonesa. O presente trabalho pretende discutir a hierarquia na sociedade japonesa por meio da análise da escola, como uma das principais instituições de socialização. Para tanto, no primeiro momento, será empregado o método histórico na reconstituição da trajetória institucional das escolas do Japão, destacando-se os fatores de institucionalização da hierarquia, e por último, enfocará na estruturação e funcionamento da escola contemporânea, à luz do conceito de rotinização.
O processo de (in)dependência do adulto jovem
Authors: Paiva Maria Lucia de Souza Campos
Published: June 2021

Na atualidade, muitos adultos jovens prolongam sua permanência na casa de seus familiares. São inúmeras as razões que podem explicar tal fenômeno. O presente artigo aborda a questão com base no desenvolvimento emocional da independência do sujeito e como a educação pode propiciar, no âmbito familiar, o surgimento de um sujeito autônomo e independente na vida adulta.
Memória e cidade: patrimônio, cultura e história de Nova Iguaçu/RJ
Authors: Angelo Elis Regina Barbosa , Fogaça Isabela de Fátima
Published: June 2021

Este artigo traz uma síntese das pesquisas e atividades desenvolvidas, resultados e desdobramentos do projeto “Patrimônio Histórico e Cultural de Nova Iguaçu: Relações Simbólicas, Sociedade e Turismo”, que teve como objetivo organizar informações para a construção de uma cartilha do patrimônio histórico e cultural do município de Nova Iguaçu/RJ, voltada ao Ensino Fundamental. Portanto, seus resultados buscaram contribuir para despontar entre estudantes e educadores de Nova Iguaçu uma nova forma de se ver e de existir para si e para o mundo, além de sinalizar para o aprendizado e reconhecimento da história da cidade e importância da colaboração e da multiplicação do conhecimento sobre o patrimônio cultural. Palavras-chave: Patrimônio. Memória. Cidade. Nova Iguaçu. Educação Patrimonial.
Dois olhares sobre a migração internacional no nordeste brasileiro
Authors: Ennes Marcelo Alario , Morato Rosinadja , Santos Caio Ferreira dos
Published: June 2021

O objeto do presente artigo são as imigrações internacionais para a região Nordeste do Brasil. Delimitamos o estudo em três grandes períodos. O primeiro compreende as últimas décadas do século XIX e a década de 1940. O segundo período, começa no Pós-Guerra e vai até o final 1980. O último começa na década de 1990 e se encerra em 2018. As questões que procuramos responder foram: quem são os imigrantes? Como eles se inseriram na região? E quais os desdobramentos econômicos, políticos, sociais e culturais? O estudo que deu origem a este artigo foi motivado pela necessidade de conhecer e dar maior visibilidade a presença migrante no Nordeste. Para respondermos nossas questões nos baseamos em dois olhares. O primeiro foi lançado a partir das pesquisas desenvolvidas no âmbito do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa “Processos identitários e Poder” – GEPPIP/UFS e o segundo a partir das dissertações e teses produzidas nos programas de pós-graduação da região. Como resultado identificamos que os fluxos foram mais intensos no primeiro e no terceiro períodos, que no primeiro estiveram presentes imigrantes originários da Europa e no terceiro estes estão acompanhados por imigrantes originários da Ásia e da África. Estes imigrantes se inseriram como trabalhadores, empresários e estudantes. Sua presença gerou questões políticas, econômicas, sociais e culturais. Muitas vezes estas questões se sobrepuseram, por exemplo, em torno de práticas econômicas e/ou políticas com a religiosidade e etnicidade entre imigrantes e brasileiros.
Polos agroflorestais de Rio Branco: modos de vida e segurança alimentar
Authors: Nascimento Francileide Lopes do , Ferrante Vera Lúcia Silveira Botta , Almeida Luiz Manoel Moraes de Camargo , Almeida Gustavo Fonseca de
Published: June 2021

A proposta do presente artigo é apresentar os modos de vida de um grupo de agricultores familiares e procurar destacar o papel das mulheres e jovens no processo de construção social. Este grupo é beneficiário de uma política pública denominada polos agroflorestais. Trata-se de um projeto de assentamento rural desenvolvido no âmbito da administração pública municipal e estadual. A pesquisa de campo foi empreendida em três polos agroflorestais de Rio Branco que possuem características distintas. O caderno de campo foi o instrumento de coleta de dados utilizado para o registro dos relatos dos agricultores. Este estudo mostra que o grupo apresenta uma identidade social comum, os indivíduos são de origem rural, tinham condições de vida precárias, mas, de modo geral, a posse de um lote de terra proporcionou melhoria na qualidade de vida.
Norte Araguaia: territórios e conflitos – João Carlos Barroso (Org.)
Authors: Antuniassi Maria Helena Rocha
Published: June 2021

BARROSO, Joao Carlos. Norte Araguaia: Territórios e Conflitos. Belém: NAEA. 2019. 270 p.

O livro em questão discute a estrutura, a história e os problemas atuais vivenciados pela microrregião Norte do Araguaia.
CENTRO DE ESTUDOS RURAIS E URBANOS – NAP/CERU
Authors: Campos Maria Christina Siqueira de Souza
Published: June 2021

O CERU foi fundado em 1964 como uma sociedade civil sem fins lucrativos, reconhecida como de utilidade pública federal e estadual. Funciona junto ao Departamento de Sociologia da FFLCH/USP. Em setembro de 1992 tornou-se um Núcleo de Apoio à Pesquisa NAP/CERU, ligado à Pró-reitoria de Pesquisa da Universidade de São Paulo.
The Benefit of Dysphagia Screening in Adult Patients With Stroke: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Sherman Victoria , Greco Elissa , Martino Rosemary
Published: June 2021

Background

Early identification of dysphagia aims to mitigate the risk of health consequences in adults poststroke; however, the evidence from experimental trials alone is inconclusive. This meta‐analysis assessed dysphagia screening benefit from both trial and observational data.

Methods and Results

Seven electronic databases were searched to December 2019. Unique abstracts and full articles were screened for eligibility by 2 independent blinded raters using a priori criteria and discrepancies resolved by consensus. Included studies were summarized descriptively and assessed for methodological quality using Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Across studies, pooled estimates of health benefit were derived for homogeneous data using Review Manger 5.3. From the yield of 8860 citations, 30 unique articles were selected: 24 observational and 6 randomized trials. Across studies, comparisons varied: no screening versus screening, late versus earlier screening, informal versus formal screening, pre‐ versus postscreening, and pre‐ versus poststroke guidelines that included screening. Pooled estimates across comparisons favored experimental groups for pneumonia odds ratio (OR), 0.57 (95% CI, 0.45–0.72), mortality OR, 0.52 (95% CI, 0.35–0.77), dependency OR, 0.54 (95% CI, 0.35–0.85), and length of stay standardized mean difference, −0.62 (95% CI, −1.05 to −0.20).

Conclusions

Combining evidence from experimental and observational studies derived a significant protective health benefit of dysphagia screening following adult acute stroke for pneumonia, mortality, dependency, and length of stay.
Outcomes of Rescue Endovascular Treatment of Emergent Large Vessel Occlusion in Patients With Underlying Intracranial Atherosclerosis: Insights From STAR
Authors: Al Kasab Sami , Almallouhi Eyad , Alawieh Ali , Wolfe Stacey , Fargen Kyle M. , Arthur Adam S. , Goyal Nitin , Dumont Travis , Kan Peter , Kim Joon‐Tae , De Leacy Reade , Maier Ilko , Osbun Joshua , Rai Ansaar , Jabbour Pascal , Grossberg Jonathan A. , Park Min S. , Starke Robert M. , Crosa Roberto , Spiotta Alejandro M. , Lena Jonathan R. , Chalhoub Reda , El‐Ghanem Mohammad , Yavagal Dileep R. , Peterson Eric C. , Raper Daniel , Brown Patrick A. , Kim Louis J. , Walker Melanie , Hoit Daniel Alan , Inoa‐Acosta Violiza , Nickele Christopher , Elijovich Lucas , Rodriguez‐Erazú Fernanda , Lima Jan , Brehm Alex , Kicielinski Kimberly
Published: June 2021

Background

Some emergent large vessel occlusions (ELVOs) are refractory to reperfusion because of underlying intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS), often requiring rescue therapy (RT) with balloon angioplasty, stenting, or both. In this study, we investigate the safety, efficacy, and long‐term outcomes of RT in the setting of mechanical thrombectomy for ICAS‐related ELVO.

Methods and Results

We queried the databases of 10 thrombectomy‐capable centers in North America and Europe included in STAR (Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry). Patients with ELVO who underwent ICAS‐related RT were included. A matched sample was produced for variables of age, admission National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score, onset to groin puncture time, occlusion site, and final recanalization. Out of 3025 patients with MT, 182 (6%) patients required RT because of underlying ICAS. Balloon angioplasty was performed on 122 patients, and 117 patients had intracranial stenting. In the matched analysis, 141 patients who received RT matched to a similar number of controls. The number of thrombectomy passes was higher (3 versus 1,
P
<0.001), and procedural time was longer in the RT group (52 minutes versus 36 minutes,
P
=0.004). There was a higher rate of symptomatic hemorrhagic transformation in the RT group (7.8% versus 4.3%,
P
=0.211), however, the difference was not significant. There was no difference in 90‐day modified Rankin scale of 0 to 2 (44% versus 47.5%,
P
=0.543) between patients in the RT and control groups.

Conclusions

In patients with ELVO with underlying ICAS requiring RT, despite longer procedure time and a more thrombectomy passes, the 90 days favorable outcomes were comparable with patients with embolic ELVO.
Effect of Amplitude Spectral Area on Termination of Fibrillation and Outcomes in Pediatric Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Raymond Tia T. , Pandit Sandeep V. , Griffis Heather , Zhang Xuemei , Hanna Richard , Niles Dana E. , Silver Annemarie , Lasa Javier J. , Haskell Sarah E. , Atkins Dianne L. , Nadkarni Vinay M. ,   for the Pediatric Resuscitation Quality Collaborative (pediRES‐Q) Investigators
Published: June 2021

Background

Amplitude spectral area (AMSA) predicts termination of fibrillation (TOF) with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival in adults but has not been studied in pediatric cardiac arrest. We characterized AMSA during pediatric cardiac arrest from a Pediatric Resuscitation Quality Collaborative and hypothesized that AMSA would be associated with TOF and ROSC.

Methods and Results

Children aged <18 years with cardiac arrest and ventricular fibrillation were studied. AMSA was calculated for 2 seconds before shock and averaged for each subject (AMSA‐avg). TOF was defined as termination of ventricular fibrillation 10 seconds after defibrillation to any non‐ventricular fibrillation rhythm. ROSC was defined as >20 minutes without chest compressions. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses controlling for weight, current, and illness category were performed. Primary end points were TOF and ROSC. Secondary end points were 24‐hour survival and survival to discharge. Between 2015 and 2019, 50 children from 14 hospitals with 111 shocks were identified. In univariate analyses AMSA was not associated with TOF and AMS‐Aavg was not associated with ROSC. Multivariable logistic regression showed no association between AMSA and TOF but controlling for defibrillation average current and illness category, there was a trend to significant association between AMSA‐avg and ROSC (odds ratio, 1.10 [1.00‒1.22]
P
=0.058). There was no significant association between AMSA‐avg and 24‐hour survival or survival to hospital discharge.

Conclusions

In pediatric patients, AMSA was not associated with TOF, whereas AMSA‐avg had a trend to significance for association in ROSC, but not 24‐hour survival or survival to hospital discharge.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02708134.
Left Atrial Appendage Morphology and Local Thrombogenesis‐Related Blood Parameters in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Xu Buyun , Du Ye , Xu Chao , Sun Yong , Peng Fang , Wang Shengkai , Pan Jie , Lou Yuanqing , Xing Yangbo
Published: June 2021

Background

Left atrial appendage (LAA) morphology predicts stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation. However, it is not precisely understood how LAA morphology influences stroke risk. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between LAA morphology and local thrombogenesis‐related blood parameters in LAA.

Methods and Results

We enrolled 205 patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. The prevalence of chicken wing–, cactus‐, windsock‐, and cauliflower‐type LAAs were 23.9%, 32.7%, 29.3%, and 14.1%, respectively. Blood samples were collected from the femoral vein, left atrium, and LAA in each patient. The levels of blood parameters were tested for each blood sample. The cauliflower‐type LAA was associated with elevated platelet P‐selectin expression, and interleukin‐6 levels and with lower NO levels in LAA blood samples (
P
<0.05) independent of LAA flow velocity and LAA volume. LAA flow velocity, which was lowest in the cauliflower‐type LAA, was the only independent predictor of von Willebrand factor antigen and plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 levels in LAA blood samples. In femoral vein blood samples, no significant difference was detected in the above blood parameters among the four LAA morphological types. In all blood samples, the levels of thrombin‐antithrombin complex, D‐dimer, fibrinogen, and tissue plasminogen activator were comparable among the four LAA morphological types.

Conclusions

In patients with atrial fibrillation, LAA morphological types might be associated with local platelet activity, fibrinolysis function, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation.
Everything in Nature is in Intellect: Forms and Natural Teleology in Ennead 6.2.21 (and elsewhere)
Authors: Noble Christopher Isaac
Published: June 2021

According to a straightforward reading of Enn. 6.2.21, all principles (logoi) in nature have their origin in corresponding features of a divine Intellect. But interpreters have often advocated more restricted readings of Intellect’s contents. These restricted readings are based in part on other textual evidence, and in part on the concern that a more expansive reading would require Intellect to think objects that are of trivial value (‘the value problem’) or whose purposes depend upon facts about sensible reality to which it has no access (‘the teleology problem’). I argue that restricted readings are not well supported, and that Plotinus is committed to his more expansive conception of Intellect’s contents by his understanding of Plato’s paradeigmatism.
Translating the Cult of the Book: Publishing and Performing the Fifth Dalai Lama’s The Wish-Fulfilling King from Lhasa to Beijing
Authors: Nourse Benjamin J.
Published: June 2021

In 1673 the Fifth Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobzang Gyatso (Ngag dbang blo bzang rgya mtsho, 1617–1682) composed The Wish-Fulfilling King (Yid bzhin dbang rgyal), a ritual manual for the worship of the seven buddhas of healing. In the first hundred years after its composition, the Fifth Dalai Lama’s ritual text was published in the original Tibetan in no less than five different woodblock editions. It had also been translated into Mongolian and Chinese and published in several woodblock editions in those languages. Most of these woodblock editions were produced by imperially sponsored Tibetan Buddhist temples in Beijing. The ritual described in the text was performed in monasteries and temples across central Tibet, Mongolia, and in Beijing. This article examines the history of this text, its transmission, and what those tells us about the culture of Tibetan Buddhist books in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, particularly as they relate to the Mayāyāna ‘cult of the book.’
Up to No Good? Gender, Social Impact Work, and Employee Promotions
Authors: Bode Christiane , Rogan Michelle , Singh Jasjit
Published: June 2021

Firms increasingly offer employees the opportunity to participate in firm-sponsored social impact initiatives expected to benefit the firm and employees. We argue that participation in such initiatives hinders employees’ advancement in their firms by reducing others’ perceptions of their fit and commitment. Because social impact work is more congruent with female than male gender role stereotypes, promotion rates will be lower for participating men, and male evaluators will be less likely than female evaluators to recommend promotion for male participants. Using panel data on 1,379 employees of a consulting firm, we find significantly lower promotion rates for male participants relative to female participants, female non-participants, and male non-participants. A vignette experiment involving 893 managers shows that lower promotion rates are due to lower perceptions of fit, but not commitment, and greater bias against male participants by male evaluators. Taken together, the results of the two studies suggest that the negative effect of participation on promotion is conditional upon participant and evaluator gender, underscoring the role of gender in evaluation of social impact work. In settings in which decision makers are predominately male, gender beliefs may limit male employees’ latitude to contribute to the firm’s social impact agenda.
Vocal Fold Cyst Formation after Photoangiolytic KTP Laser Treatment of Early Glottic Cancer
Authors: Yan Kenneth , Friedman Aaron D.
Published: June 2021

Objective:

The incidence of post-operative glottic cyst (POGC) formation in patients treated with transoral laser microsurgery with potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser (TLM-KTP) photoablation of early glottic carcinoma (EGC) has not previously been described.

Methods:

A retrospective chart review was performed to identify all patients with early glottic cancer who underwent with single-modality TLM-KTP at our institution. Each patient received regular follow up with videostroboscopy for tumor surveillance. New glottic cysts seen on surveillance examinations were noted and their management was documented.

Results:

A total of 33 patients met inclusion criteria. Eight patients (24%) developed POGC’s within the original geographic perimeter of the cancerous vocal fold(s): 6 in the infraglottic region and 2 near the vocal process, at an average of 8 months after their initial cancer surgery. Of these 8 POGC’s, 7 were at the periphery of the original tumor distribution and 1 was in the center of it. No POGC’s were associated with any change in voice. Four of the 8 POGC’s were phonosurgically excised, all without evidence of malignancy on pathology. The remaining 4 were monitored: 2 were stable for an average of 49 months of follow up; the remaining 2 resolved spontaneously by 7 and 31 months after first identification.

Conclusions:

POGC’s are a frequent sequela of TLM-KTP for EGC. While these results suggest that they are unlikely to represent submucosal recurrences, surgeons should have a low threshold to biopsy if there is clinical concern for such and should counsel patients pre-operatively about the potential for their formation.
Transformation in Political Economy of Post-conflict North Waziristan, Pakistan
Authors: Makki Muhammad , Iftikhar Waseem
Published: June 2021

Post-conflict North Waziristan is experiencing a fundamental shift in the political and economic environment at a very fast pace. This paper examines the complex political economy of post-conflict North Waziristan to assess factors promoting sustainable peace in the region. It identifies the multi-pronged official strategy that is significantly contributing to the transformation of the political and economic environment in the post-conflict setting. These steps include inter alia effective border management to counter illicit trafficking and cross-border terrorism, security sector reforms, improving the mechanism of governance, and diversifying ‘formal’ economic opportunities. The analysis suggests that post-conflict North Waziristan exhibits considerable improvements towards establishing and promoting conditions that are pivotal for sustainable peace.
What Makes Mathematics Teacher Coaching Effective? A Call for a Justice-Oriented Perspective
Authors: Marshall Samantha A. , Buenrostro Patricia M.
Published: June 2021

Mathematics teacher coaching is a promising but largely overlooked form of professional development (PD) for supporting mathematics teachers’ learning of justice-oriented teaching. In this article, we critically review the literature to illuminate what we currently know about mathematics teacher coaching and to highlight studies’ contributions and limitations to inform future work. Broadly, we find that four programs of research have developed, investigating: (a) coaches’ activities and relationships, (b) the effects of coaching on student assessment scores, (c) the effects of coaching on teachers’ practices or behaviors, and (d) the effects of coaching on teachers’ knowledge or beliefs. From this analysis, we argue that justice-oriented perspectives of teaching, in tandem with sociocultural theories of teachers’ learning, could allow for more nuanced investigations of coaching and could support design of learning experiences for teachers that bring us closer to educational justice.
Predictors of Disclosing Sexual Orientation to Parents, Classmates, and School Adults among Latinx Sexual Minority High School and College Youth
Authors: Zhao Zhenqiang , Toomey Russell B. , Anhalt Karla
Published: June 2021

The current study examined predictors associated with the degree of sexual orientation disclosure across social contexts (parents, classmates, and school adults) and educational context (high school and college) among Latinx sexual minority youth (SMY; N = 238). Results revealed that perceptions of more supportive social attitudes to sexual minority communities were associated with higher levels of sexual orientation disclosure across social contexts, including parents, classmates, and school adults. Compared to monosexual Latinx SMY, plurisexual Latinx SMY reported lower levels of sexual orientation disclosure to parents and school adults but not to classmates. Sexual orientation identity centrality was only associated with sexual orientation disclosure to parents but not to classmates or school adults. Degree of romantic attraction to the same gender was not associated with sexual orientation disclosure. Findings provide preliminary support for critical nuances in sexual orientation disclosure across social and educational contexts among Latinx SMY.
Factors Associated with Willingness to Choose the Way for Old-Age Care: A Population-Based Cross-sectional Study in Chongqing, China
Authors: Zhao Rongrong , Zhou Houxiu , Zhu Jingci
Published: June 2021

The objective of this study is to investigate the factors associated with the willingness for old-aged care and the demands for health care among elders, which might provide a reference for the establishment of health care strategies. A cross-sectional study was conducted via questionnaires among 1553 randomly selected residents aged 65 or older from Chongqing, China during 2016. Data of demographics, and demands for old-age care and health care services were collected. Descriptive analysis was used to examine the characteristics of the respondents. A chi-squared test and multiple logistic regression were performed to explore the relevant factors associated with the preference of old-age care among older people in Chongqing. We found that 85.4% of the respondents were willing to select home-based care: family old age care (55.9%), and its combination form for old-age care: family old age care plus community old age care (29.5%) old age care. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that willingness to choose family old age care for old-age care was associated with lower monthly income, more children, worse commercial insurance, better health status, and shorter distance to their children. Most older adults had the demands for health-related services, including regular check-up, regular health seminars, establishment of health files. Hospital was the most acceptable provider for care services, and there was a preference for long-term care and emergency call among the elders. The majority of older Chinese prefer the family old age care and its combination form with community old age care for old-age care, and demand for a variety of health-related services. Home- and community-based care with sound and perfect medical and health mechanism should be the main pattern of old-age care system in China.
Proscriptive Injunctions Can Elicit Greater Reactance and Lower Legitimacy Perceptions Than Prescriptive Injunctions
Authors: Pavey Louisa , Churchill Susan , Sparks Paul
Published: June 2021

Based on previous research investigating proscriptive injunctions (requesting that one should not do something) versus prescriptive injunctions (requesting that one should do something), we propose that proscription leads to greater reactance than does prescription for a range of actions, and that this effect is associated with lower perceived legitimacy of the injunction. Across five experimental studies, our student and general population samples received proscriptions or prescriptions and reported their reactance. Proscription led to greater reactance than did prescription in all five studies. This effect was accentuated by an authoritative source (Study 2), was mediated by the perceived legitimacy of the request (Study 3 and Study 4), and was attenuated by a self-affirmation intervention (Study 5). We suggest that proscriptions are viewed as more obligatory than prescriptions, limit the scope of behavioral alternatives, restrict perceived autonomy, and elicit greater reactance. The findings have implications for the design of effective persuasive communications.
On the quality of professional development in the United States: Examining music educators’ experiences, sentiments, and emotions
Authors: Wesolowski Brian C , Alsop Michael A , Athanas Myriam I , Dean Levi H
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to develop a valid and reliable assessment tool to measure music educators’ participation in and perceptions of their high-quality professional development (PD) experiences. A sample of 450 in-service music educators across the United States completed a 78-item rating scale embedded within 10 domains reflecting high-quality PD criteria: (a) content, (b) evidence/research, (c) coherence, (d) relevance, (e) active learning, (f) application, (g) collaboration, (h) reflection, (i) feedback, and (j) duration. Participants also answered the open-ended question, “What are some adjectives you would use to describe your overall professional development experiences?” Data were analyzed using Rasch measurement analyses and sentiment analyses. Results indicated an overall acceptable data-to-model fit, with the content domain reflecting most participation and the duration domain reflecting least participation. Bias analyses suggested that music educators received systematically different quality PD experiences based upon their teaching area and/or grade-level emphases. Participants had an overall positive sentiment of their PD experiences, which positively correlates with the level of quality PD they experienced ( r = 0.42, p < .05). The most frequent emotions of the participants were trust and joy. Implications for the development and programming of PD in the field of music education are discussed.
Recreational ketamine-related deaths notified to the National Programme on Substance Abuse Deaths, England, 1997–2019
Authors: Corkery John Martin , Hung Wan-Chu , Claridge Hugh , Goodair Christine , Copeland Caroline S , Schifano Fabrizio
Published: June 2021

Background:

Ketamine is a phencyclidine derivative with dissociative anaesthetic properties. Increasing numbers of individuals in England take ketamine recreationally. Information on deaths arising from such use in England is presented.

Methods:

Cases were extracted on 31 January 2020 from the National Programme on Substance Abuse Deaths database, based on text searches of the cause of death, coroner’s verdict and positive toxicology results for the terms ‘ketamine’ or ‘norketamine’.

Findings:

During 1997–2005, there were <5 deaths p.a. in which ketamine was implicated. Numbers increased until 2009 (21), plateauing until 2016; thereafter, deaths have risen to about 30 p.a. Decedents’ characteristics ( N = 283): male 84.1%, mean age 31.2 (SD 10.0) years, employed 56.5%, drug use history 79.6% and living with others 60.3%. Ketamine was detected with other substances in most cases. Main (74.6%) underlying cause of death was accidental poisoning. Ketamine may have impaired judgement in other cases.

Conclusions:

Although controlled, recreational ketamine use and related fatalities continue to increase. Consumers need to be more aware of the potentially fatal risks they face.
A descriptive video analysis of interactions during inpatient brain injury rehabilitation groups
Authors: Patterson Freyr , Doig Emmah , Marshall Kathryn , Fleming Jennifer
Published: June 2021

Introduction

An advantage of using groups in rehabilitation is the opportunity for peer learning and support. This study aimed to describe and understand the nature of interactions occurring in inpatient occupational therapy brain injury rehabilitation groups, using video-recorded group interactions, to inform recommendations for group facilitation.

Method

Video recordings of four occupational therapy rehabilitation groups were taken. Twelve adults with brain injury who participated in the groups and four facilitators consented to the study. The data were analysed using a qualitative descriptive approach.

Results

Interactions were predominantly facilitated by facilitators and shaped by the nature of the group activities. Facilitators used a number of strategies to encourage interaction including knowledge of group participants, activity choice and physical positioning of group members.

Conclusion

Group facilitators utilise a number of strategies to encourage peer interactions. However, during structured activity-based rehabilitation groups, participants with a brain injury may focus predominantly on achieving the goal of the group rather than initiating peer interactions.
An exploration of the role of occupational therapists in addressing sexuality with service users post stroke
Authors: Heron Jessica , Owen-Booth Bethan
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Research suggests stroke negatively affects sexuality yet is rarely addressed by healthcare professionals. This study aims to explore occupational therapists’ perceptions of addressing sexuality post stroke with service users and whether they perceive it to fit into their scope of practice.

Method

A qualitative study was undertaken following an inductive reasoning approach. Three occupational therapists working within stroke rehabilitation were purposively recruited. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews and analysed using inductive thematic analysis to generate four significant themes.

Findings

Findings generated the following themes: (1) Acknowledging the impact stroke has on sexuality. (2) Consideration of the appropriate stage of the stroke journey to address sexuality; identifying home/community environments to be more appropriate, utilising a multi-disciplinary approach to facilitate this. (3) Barriers to addressing sexuality, including staff’s personal feelings, inexperience, limited resources and ageism. (4) Facilitators to addressing sexuality, including approaching the topic appropriately and utilising the role of occupational therapy and resources.

Conclusion

This study highlights the gap in the stroke journey where sexuality lies and the role occupational therapists can play in closing this gap. Utilising facilitators such as resources and a multi-disciplinary approach can overcome barriers to practice including embarrassment, prejudice and inexperience.
The evolving temperature field in a 1-m methanol pool fire
Authors: Chen Jian , Sung Kunhyuk , Wang Zhigang , Tam Wai Cheong , Lee Ki Yong , Hamins Anthony
Published: June 2021

Thin filament pyrometry is used to measure the time-varying temperature field in a 1-m methanol pool fire. A digital camera with optical filters and zoom lens recorded the emission intensity of an array of 12-µm silicon–carbide filaments oriented horizontally at various heights across the steadily burning pool fire. A 50-µm-diameter thermocouple measured the temperature at locations corresponding to the filament positions. A correlation was developed between the local probability density functions of the thermocouple time-series measurements corrected for radiation and thermal inertia effects and the camera grayscale pixel intensity of the filaments. A regression analysis yields the local mean temperature and its variance. The time series of the temperature field is transformed into average values during consecutive phases of the fire’s puffing cycle, providing quantitative insight into the complex and dynamic structure of a turbulent fire.
Art Museums and Neighborhood Development: Historical Evidence from the Case of the Portland Art Museum and the South Park Blocks in Portland, Oregon
Authors: Meyer Justin Reeves
Published: June 2021

This article investigates when and how art museums might be engaged to benefit neighborhood development. To address this, the article presents research analyzing physical neighborhood and land use change in the Portland Art Museum and the South Park Blocks neighborhood in Oregon between 1932 and the 2010s. The analysis suggests that the art museum benefited neighborhood development in response to planning interventions that promoted a livability agenda. Alongside measures to prevent gentrification, planners and policy makers can activate art museums to create more livable neighborhoods.
Emotion Regulation and Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Childhood Abuse
Authors: Siegel Alana , Lahav Yael
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic may be experienced as traumatogenic and may fuel or exacerbate psychological distress and trauma-related symptoms. Based on trauma research, one might expect that survivors of childhood abuse would be susceptible to these negative outcomes during the pandemic, and that among this population a stronger relation between emotion regulation difficulties and symptomatology would be found. Aiming to explore these suppositions, an online survey was conducted among 710 Israeli adults. Of them, 370 were childhood abuse survivors. A history of childhood abuse, COVID-19-related stressors, overall psychological distress, and peritraumatic stress symptoms during the pandemic were assessed via self-report measures. Participants with a history of childhood abuse had elevated overall psychological distress as well as peritraumatic stress symptoms during the pandemic, compared to nonabused participants, above and beyond demographic characteristics and COVID-19-related stressors. Emotion regulation difficulties were related to elevated psychological distress and peritraumatic stress symptoms among both childhood abuse survivors and nonabused participants. Nonetheless, a history of childhood abuse moderated the relations between the emotion regulation difficulty of being unable to engage in goal-directed behaviors when distressed (on one hand) and mental outcomes (on the other): Although the associations between inability to engage in goal-directed behaviors, overall psychological distress, and peritraumatic stress symptoms were nonsignificant among nonabused participants, they were significant among childhood abuse survivors. The current findings suggest that a history of childhood abuse might be a risk factor for distress in the face of COVID-19, and that childhood abuse survivors would benefit from clinical interventions that promote emotion regulation skills during this ongoing global health crisis.