bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Рынки доверительных благ и цифровая экономика
Authors: Манукянц С.В. , Фурин А.Г.
Published: February 2025

Выделены сущностные институциональные особенности цифровой экономики. Показано, как это влияние способно проявляться на рынках доверительных благ. Предложена модель рынка услуг высшего образования в условиях цифровой экономики, на основании которой проведён качественный анализ изменения величины и структуры трансакционных издержек в результате цифровизации рынка доверительного блага.

Introduction. Rapid development of information and communication technologies led to the emergence of “digital economy”, which initially existed as a separate branch, and later penetrated almost in all spheres of economic activity. Thegoal of this research is to reveal and systematize the institutional features of digital economy that affect the amount and structure of transaction costs in the markets of trust goods. Theresearch methods include the analysis of materials of relevant Russian and foreign scientific papers, subsequent synthesis of institutional features of digital economy on their basis, analytical and graphic simulation. Results. Today digital economy is not a separate sphere or branch of economic activity. It is the state of economic system where both the functioning of individual economic agents and the relationship between them (i.e. market infrastructure) are built on the widespread use of digital technologies based on the data management and the artificial intelligence. Such infrastructure reduces costs of searching for information, measurement, negotiation, and conclusion of contracts. At the same time, however, property rights are eroded, which leads to an increase in the costs of specification, property rights protection, and opportunistic behavior. Consumption of trust goods is accompanied by maximum measurement costs both ex post and ex ante. As an example, the authors constructed a model of a digitized market of services for higher education. Within the framework of such model, it becomes possible to construct an automatic qualified agent, which due to machine learning technologies and artificial intelligence, is able to offer students possible learning trajectories based on their preferences and existing skills. Conclusion. The constructed model proves that the digitalization allows to reduce the transaction costs for all market participants (employers, universities and students) bringing higher education closer to the model of an experienced good. At the same time, it certainly has the drawbacks. The problem of personal data security is the major one.
СТРАТЕГИИ УДЕРЖАНИЯ ПЕРСОНАЛА РЕКЛАМНЫХ КОМПАНИЙ
Authors: Шевчик А.А.
Published: February 2025

В статье рассматривается важность мотивации персонала как главного актива любого работодателя. Важность мотивации сотрудников имеет первоочередное значение для устойчивого развития фирмы и её конкурентоспособности, а также для достижения баланса между удовлетворённостью сотрудников рекламных компаний и целями организации. Рассмотрены основные причины ухода сотрудников рекламного агентства: отсутствие возможностей для продвижения, желание более сложной работы, неудовлетворённость уровнем руководства. Представлены практические рекомендации, в которых делается акцент на том, что работодателям необходимо поддерживать мотивацию сотрудников, создавая для них позитивную рабочую среду и предоставляя им возможности для карьерного роста.

The significance of employee engagement is of primary importance for the sustainable development of a company and its competitiveness, as well as for achieving a balance between satisfaction of employees of advertising companies and the goals of the organization. Thegoal of the research is to identify the practical aspects that contribute to the retention and increase of engagement of employees of advertising companies, to analyze the reasons for their departure, and retention methods, as well as the motivation system for employees. The study was conducted on the basis of research publications in Russian and English. The experience of personnel management in foreign advertising companies and the peculiarities for the formation of employees` engagement in the context of digital economy were studied. Results.Major reasons for the departure of advertising agency employees are highlighted. They are lack of opportunities for promotion, desire to engage in more complex work, dissatisfaction with the level of leadership. Practical recommendations are presented. To keep the employees motivated the employers shall create a positive working environment and provide the employees with career opportunities. Specific methods for retaining competent employees and key motivation factors contributing to a high level of employees` retention in the advertising industry (supportive management, safe, pleasant and satisfying job climate) are described. Human resource management is becoming increasingly important in business, because people and their knowledge are the most important aspects that affect the productivity of the company. One of the major aspects of human resource management is the measurement of employee satisfaction. Companies must ensure a high degree of employee satisfaction, which is a prerequisite for improving productivity, efficiency, and quality of advertising services. Development of a compensation policy plays an important role in motivating employees to achieve high productivity.
Novel Evaluation of Hydrophobicity in Micropores of Nanostructured Metal-Organic Framework Materials from a Unified Isotherm Analysis
Authors: Rutherford Steven William
Published: February 2025

The fundamental, angstrofluidic features of confined water and corresponding observations of hydrophobicity in microporous materials are dictated by molecular and continuum level phenomena, directed by surface and nanostructural interactions and characterized by isosteric heat of adsorption and micropore size. These features are critical to addressing the water-energy nexus and are foundational to a wide range of technologies involving biological or energy storage applications. However basic metrics for assessment of these features are currently absent from fundamental analyses. Proposed herein is a novel metric that is demonstrably capable of relating hydrophobic and hydrophilic isotherm types. It is coherently coupled with characterization methodology which not only circumvents difficulties inherent in other analyses but also partitions surface from structural hydrophobicity and is uniquely delivered in a simple, rigorous, analytic form. Moreover, transitions from hydrophobic to hydrophilic behavior are uniquely captured by unified isotherm analysis which explicitly links nine distinct adsorption equilibrium models. Subsequent simplification for characterization of water adsorption in 26 ostensibly hydrophobic, microporous, Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) materials yields Ising-Model-Modified-Kelvin-Analysis (IMMKA). Embedded in the analysis are concepts of nanocapillarity and nanowetting which directly deliver estimates of contact angle and isosteric heat that are consistent with independent assessments. The findings herein broadly offer means to successfully capture interactions that underpin hydrophobic observations, discriminate foundational features of confined water and advance fundamental descriptions of angstrofluidic phenomena.
Interaction of Metal Ion Stabilized Oligomeric Dipeptide with Lipid Membrane: Concurrent Observations of Supported Lipid Membrane, Wetting and Uptake
Authors: Nath Priyanka , Bagchi Debanjan , Maity Avijit , Tabassum Huma , Choudhury Suman , Kumar Naveen , Chakraborty Anjan
Published: February 2025

The interaction of biomolecules with cell membranes is crucial due to their important role in governing the cellular function and membrane dynamics. However, most of the studies predominantly focus on the interaction of monomeric forms of biomolecules with lipid membranes, leaving the effects of cytotoxic oligomeric self-aggregates largely unexplored. In this study, we present the first evidence that oligomeric intermediates of diphenylalanine exert diverse effects on lipid membranes, influenced by lipid phase and charge. Our findings reveal that the fibrillar morphology of diphenylalanine facilitates the formation of supported phospholipid membranes through liposome deformation. Importantly, metal ion stabilized oligomeric intermediates of diphenylalanine cause wetting, promote vesicle uptake, and induce coalescence, resulting in significant structural alterations of lipid membranes having different charges. These insights open new research directions with profound implications for biomedicine, nanotechnology, and help in fundamental biological understanding.
Imaging techniques for diffuse myocardial fibrosis as a marker of high cardiovascular risk in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Vengrzhinovskaya Oksana I. , Bondarenko Irina Z. , Shatskaia Olga A. , Tarbaeva Natalia V. , Korneluk Anastasya Iu. , Kalashnikov Victor Iu. , Shestakova Marina V. , Mokrysheva Natalia G.
Published: February 2025

Background. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM 1) disrupts all types of metabolism, especially carbohydrate and lipid ones, leading to many complications. The most serious DM complication is damage to the cardiovascular system (CVS). Prolonged preclinical changes precede the development of pathological processes in the CVS. One of the earliest manifestations of cardiovascular system dysfunction is myocardial remodeling. In patients with DM 1, myocardial remodeling is diagnosed using echocardiography. However, the examination algorithm does not include echocardiography for young patients with DM 1 without evident cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The state of the heart's extracellular matrix and the presence of fibrotic changes in it are actively studied as a marker of changes in the CVS at the preclinical stage. Assessment of the presence of fibrosis foci is available during echocardiography; however, it is generally relevant for patients with DM 1 with pre-existing CVD. The initial formation of diffuse fibrosis (DF) of the myocardium in patients with DM without diagnosed CVD can be verified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart. Given that DF increases the risk of life-threatening arrhythmias and significantly increases the risk of sudden cardiac death in young patients with DM 1, it is necessary to revise the strategy of primary prevention of CVD for patients in this population.
Aim. To assess the CVS structural and functional state in young patients with DM 1 without CVD according to echocardiography and MRI of the heart using T1 mapping. To determine the presence and instrumental imaging options of fibrous tissue in the myocardium without laboratory markers of its formation in young DM 1 patients without CVD.
Materials and methods. The study included 110 participants without CVD and obesity: 80 patients with DM 1 (mean age 26 years) and 30 patients in the comparison group without DM (mean age 27 years). All participants underwent a general clinical examination, bioelectrical impedance analysis, electrocardiography, echocardiography, and cardiac MRI with T1 mapping.
Conclusion. DF of the myocardium was detected using heart MRI in 8.7% of young patients with DM 1. In healthy peers, these changes in the myocardium were not detected. The group of patients with DM 1 and DF of the myocardium had a longer duration of the disease (8 years vs 5 years) and more severe initial structural changes in the myocardium (according to echocardiography) compared to patients with DM 1 without myocardial fibrosis. In the presence of initial signs of myocardial remodeling in patients with DM 1, it is advisable to conduct a heart MRI to exclude the DF formation.
The patient with cognitive impairment in practice of the general practitioner
Authors: Morozova Margarita A. , Kucherova Elizaveta K. , Rupchev George E. , Alekseev Andrey A.
Published: February 2025

Aim. To assess the acceptability of the screening questionnaire for the identification of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in general medical practice, to assess its psychometric validity and to determine the threshold value of the total score of the questionnaire.
Materials and methods. The study included outpatients of both sexes over the age of 18 years with a diagnosis of MCI according to ICD-10 F 06.7. The MoCA was used as a tool to validate the new questionnaire. The formulation of the seven items of the MCI 7 questionnaire was based on patients' complaints about those aspects of cognitive dysfunction that are found in MCI. The linguistic form of the questions was as close as possible to everyday speech, each question had to be answered either ”Yes” or ”No”.
Results. 99 patients (64 females) were included in the study, the mean age was 60±12.7 years, education calculated in years of study – 14.2±2 years, the average score for MoCA was 23.6±3.5 points. MoCA parameter met the criteria for possible MCI (total score lower than 26 score) in 65 patients. Filling out the questionnaire did not cause difficulties for patients and did not require the assistance of the staff. The consistency of the detection of MCI by MoCA and by the questionnaire of MCI 7 with the threshold value of the total score for MCI 7 equal to three reached 92% from the patients with MCI by MoCA. The questionnaire showed good internal consistency: a criterion Cronbach's alpha was 0.81.
Conclusion. The MCI 7 questionnaire can become useful screening instrument for detection of patients with suspected MCI in primary health care institutions.
Modern strategies for the gastric cancer prevention
Authors: Bordin Dmitry S. , Nikolskaya Karine A. , Chebotareva Margarita V. , Khatkov Igor E.
Published: February 2025

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the top five cancer morbidity and mortality rates in the Russian Federation and worldwide. Currently, there is a decrease in gastric cancer incidence, which is associated with a decrease in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection. However, due to changes in the population structure and increased life expectancy, the absolute number of gastric cancer cases and mortality are expected to increase. GC is a consequence of long-term chronic gastritis. At least 90% of gastric cancers are caused by H. pylori. Reducing the incidence and mortality from GC is achievable with a reasonable combination of 2 strategies: primary prevention based on the detection and eradication of H. pylori, and secondary prevention, which is based on endoscopic screening of early GC and the formation of high-risk groups for cancer development and their subsequent endoscopic observation.
The Application of Infusion Project Team in the Safety Risk Management of Indwelling Needle Use
Authors: Wei Liumei , Li Wenjing , Zhou Huiyu , Xian Siyi , Xi Xuemei
Published: February 2025

Objective: To explore the effectiveness of applying an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use. Methods: A total of 200 patients who used intravenous indwelling needles during hospital treatment from July to October 2022 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 100 patients in each group. Patients in the control group received routine nursing methods, while those in the observation group were managed using the safety risk management method of the infusion project team. The tube blocking rate and tube removal rate were compared between the two groups. Results: The one-time puncture success rate and the standard implementation rate of intravenous indwelling needle use in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group. The total incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group, and patient satisfaction in the observation group was notably higher, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The application of an infusion project team in the safety risk management of indwelling needle use is effective and has positive impacts on improving the one-time puncture success rate, the standard implementation rate of intravenous indwelling needle use, and patient satisfaction. It is a practice worth promoting in clinical settings.
Clinical Significance of Alpha-Fetoprotein Levels in Artificial Liver Therapy for Liver Failure
Authors: Guo Xiju , Guo Weibo , Wang Luyao , Wang Yongping , Liao Mingmei , Liao Yingshan
Published: February 2025

Objective: To investigate the predictive value and clinical significance of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels in the prognosis of patients with liver failure treated with artificial liver plasma exchange (PE). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 96 liver failure patients. All patients underwent artificial liver plasma exchange therapy in addition to internal medicine treatments. Based on AFP test results, patients were divided into a low-AFP group (AFP < 100 ng/mL, n = 32), a medium-AFP group (100 ≤ AFP < 200 ng/mL, n = 32), and a high-AFP group (AFP ≥ 200 ng/mL, n = 32). Serum AFP levels were measured before artificial liver therapy (2nd day of admission), and on the 1st, 10th, and 20th day after therapy, as well as the final day (before discharge or end of life), to observe their variations. Results: Among the 96 patients, there were 4 cases (4.2%) of acute liver failure (ALF), 7 cases (7.3%) of subacute liver failure (SALF), 57 cases (59.4%) of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), and 28 cases (29.2%) of chronic liver failure (CLF), with an overall survival rate of 82.3% (79/96). The survival rate in the AFP < 100 ng/mL group was lower than in the other two groups, and the survival rate increased progressively with rising AFP levels (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Serum AFP levels are closely related to the efficacy of artificial liver plasma exchange therapy in liver failure patients. Monitoring the dynamic changes in AFP levels can help assess disease progression.
Clinical Observation on the Management of Gestational Heart Failure and Delivery Outcomes
Authors: Li Hongjie , Li Chenxi , Shun Peng , Zhai Yuxing , Wang Li , Cui Jie , Mu Yanlin , Han Jiebing , Yuan Wei , Hu Xinmei , Liang Dapan
Published: February 2025

Objective: This study focuses on the clinical observation of the impact of different treatment methods for gestational heart failure on delivery outcomes. Method: A total of 160 pregnant women with heart failure admitted to our hospital between October 2020 and October 2021 were selected as the study subjects. They were categorized based on delivery mode, delivery timing, heart failure control time, and cardiac function status. The delivery outcomes of the different groups were then compared. Result: In terms of delivery methods, the rate of neonatal asphyxia was higher following vaginal delivery than cesarean section. Regarding delivery timing, the neonatal mortality rate was lower for cesarean sections performed at 32–36 + 6 weeks compared to those conducted at 37–39 + 6 weeks. With respect to heart failure control time, the rates of neonatal asphyxia and pulmonary hyaline membrane disease were lower in the ≤ 48-hour group than in the > 48-hour group. From the perspective of cardiac function status, patients with cardiac function I–II exhibited relatively lower rates of neonatal asphyxia and perinatal mortality compared to those with cardiac function III–IV. The observed differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: For patients with gestational heart failure, cesarean section is the recommended mode of delivery, with the optimal timing being between 32 and 36+6 weeks of pregnancy. During cesarean section, the timing of delivery should be carefully selected based on the mother’s cardiac function status.
Dancing symmetries – unveiling patterns in couple dances
Authors: Albanese Veronica , Herrera-Janques Martín Eduardo
Published: February 2025

From an ethnomathematical perspective, a dialogue of mutual interrogation is proposed to describe the relation between the mathematical concept of symmetry and displacement movements performed in some couple dances: chacarera, swing, salsa, and tango. A rotational symmetry arises in the analysis of the figure of the chacarera, while a specular symmetry is described in some step structures of swing and salsa. The case of tango makes it necessary to define a new pattern based on translated translations. Some connections between the type of symmetry and the type of link in the couple, the management of the space on the dance floor, and the origins of each dance are determined. This research provides insights for future educational proposals that weave an embodiment approach with a focus on dynamic geometry.
METHOD OF COMPREHENSIVE CYBERSECURITY RISKS ASSESSMENT IN DISTRIBUTED INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Palko Dmytro , Myrutenko Larysa
Published: February 2025

Cybersecurity risk assessment and analysis is an important element for building an effective information security management system. The high complexity and scalability of the architecture of modern distributed systems, the heterogeneity of equipment and infrastructure, as well as constant changes in the configuration and scaling of the environment give rise to a number of problems related to the collection and analysis of information for risk assessment, the need for operational processing of large arrays of complex in structure and heterogeneous in nature data coming from differentiated security and monitoring systems, event logs, audit reports and other sources, as well as the lack of a single format for their presentation. The limitations of existing standards and methodologies in the dynamic conditions of modern DIS, their conceptual nature and the complexity of practical implementation and application require the development of flexible methodological and technological solutions for cyber risk analysis that would integrate the advantages of existing approaches, provide automation of calculations and take into account the dynamic aspects of distributed environment. The article presents a comprehensive adaptive method for quantitative assessment of cybersecurity risks in distributed information systems, which is relevant in dynamic conditions of complex multi-component and scalable DIS. The proposed method, integrating a metric-oriented approach based on the results of a complex of neural network models for assessing DIS infrastructure security indicators and compliance metrics for regulatory frameworks and leading standards, provides an opportunity to create a scalable and dynamic cyber risk management system that effectively responds to modern threats in DIS and open opportunities for the comprehensive implementation of intelligent information security management systems in risk management processes.
Hazards Associated with X-ray Imaging: A Comprehensive Review and Expanded Analysis
Authors: Shutayfi Meshal Mohammed Nasser , AlBalawi Mahmoud Oudah Faleh , Alotaibi Raed Faihan Mohammad , Alasmari Abdulaziz Sarhan Awadh
Published: February 2025

X-ray imaging is a cornerstone of modern medical diagnostics, providing critical insights into the human body's internal structures. However, the use of X-rays is not without risks. This paper aims to comprehensively review the hazards associated with X-ray imaging, including radiation exposure, biological effects, and safety measures. We also present expanded tables summarizing key data on radiation doses, risk factors, and protective strategies. Additionally, we delve into emerging technologies, regulatory frameworks, and future directions to mitigate risks associated with X-ray imaging.
Effectiveness of Individualized Physical and Breathing Exercise Programs for COPD Patients Among College Students: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Chougule Uma Subhash , Alaria Ramdeva Ram
Published: February 2025

In this study, the quantitative research technique will be used. Data was collected from 200 COPD patients using a method comparable to an experiment but with a control group that is not. All pulmonary functions in the experimental group were very significant, indicating that the therapy was successful for pulmonary function, in contrast to the group that served as a control, where there was no statistically significant relationship between FIV, PEFR, oxygen saturation, or BHT. Additionally, the treatment's impact on breathing exercises was examined, and the experimental group showed a very significant result. Scored 11.62 on the post-test and 5.6 on the Alternative Nostrils exercise. A extremely important ANE score was determined. The results of the diaphragmatic exercise were 11.9 on the post-test, up from 5.3 on the pre-test. Statistical analysis revealed a small but notable shift in the post-test treatment group's DE score. Purse lip exercise resulted in an increase from 5.08 on the pretest to 11.2 on the posttest. Significant improvements in the experimental group's purse lip exercise score were seen.
Analysis of Learning Media Use in SD Negeri Bangunjiwo
Authors: Septikasari Zela , Devinda Devinda , Perwitasari Ningrum
Published: February 2025

The success of the learning process is largely determined by the teacher's ability to deliver material and use learning media. Good learning media depends on the availability of facilities and infrastructure in schools, teacher creativity, teacher capacity building, and funding support in making learning media. This study aims to analyze (1) The use of learning media at SD Negeri Bangunjiwo, (2) The obstacles faced by teachers and students during learning using learning media. This research is a descriptive qualitative research using interview and observation data collection techniques. Respondents in this study were the Principal, Low Grade Teacher and Low Grade Students. The results showed that (1) teachers prepare learning media tailored to students' learning styles, (2) obstacles faced when using media are funds, facilities and infrastructure that are less supportive, and different students' knowledge related to learning media. The conclusion of the research is that the use of learning media is proven to improve student learning outcomes. Support from external school parties is needed in providing learning media that can maximize learning activities at school.
Orientações Pontifícias sobre a Questão Rural
Authors: Silva B. Cornélio da
Published: February 2025

Está na ordem do dia a revalorização do campo como elemento de particular importância na vida econômica das nações. Tal propósito se estende não somente àquelas nações menos desenvolvidas, onde a influência da economia rural sobre o bem-estar geral do povo é direta e preponderante, mas também e com urgência ainda mais dramática aos países hoje conhecidos como altamente industrializados.
Essência da Realeza de Maria
Authors: Rooijen Geraldo van
Published: February 2025

Antes da Encíclica este problema ainda não estava resolvido entre os teólogos; nem a Encíclica o resolve, mas oferece-nos certos elementos que ajudam a penetrar mais a fundo na índole misteriosa desta Realeza. Também quanto a esse assunto o Papa deixa a porta aberta para maiores investigações, limitando-se a dar alguns princípios gerais que os teólogos têm de respeitar nas questões relativas à Virgem Maria: acautelar-se com opiniões sem fundamento; evitar a excessiva estreiteza ao considerar a alta dignidade da Mãe de Deus; não se esquecer que a norma próxima e universal para todos é o magistério vivo da Igreja.
ENHANCING THE GEOPOLITICAL STANDING OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN: INSIGHTS FROM CONTEMPORARY GEOPOLITICAL THEORIES
Authors: Asgarov Asgar
Published: February 2025

The study examines the strategic initiatives and geopolitical positioning of Azerbaijan in the post-2020 era, focusing on its policies towards French colonies and broader international relations. The study first touches upon the most contemporary geopolitical theories in general, and then evaluates Azerbaijan's geopolitical steps in these directions. The research aims to analyze Azerbaijan's geopolitical strengthening using contemporary geopolitical theories through a qualitative methodological approach. Key findings demonstrate that Azerbaijan leverages its strategic location and energy resources to enhance its influence, aligning with Realist theories focused on state power and national interests. The country's commitment to multilateralism and regional stability is analyzed through a Liberalist lens, highlighting its engagement with international organizations like the EU, NATO, and the UN. Additionally, Neorealism explains Azerbaijan's balanced relations with global powers, maintaining strategic autonomy in a multipolar world. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of Azerbaijan’s evolving geopolitical role, demonstrating how it navigates complex global dynamics to secure national interests and promote regional stability.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC INEQUALITIES AND THEIR IMPACT ON POLITICAL PROCESSES
Authors: Ivanova Olena
Published: February 2025

The article analyzes the socio-economic inequalities that are expressed from unequal distribution of resources, opportunities and access to social good. It an important factor that forms the structure of society and understands it political context. Inequalities significantly affect political processes, directing public attention to key issues such as social justice and civic participation. Low level of social mobility can lead to the formation of political inequality and conflicts Inequality can affect civic participation by determining opportunities for citizens to participate in political decisions. Growth social differences can generate dissatisfaction and apathy among citizens, limiting their participation in political processes. Economical disagreements are a key factor in the formation of political relations. Growing income gaps can lead to distrust of elites and those in power structures, which has the potential to create a favorable ground for political movements and protests. In the world of globalization, where economic and political processes intertwined, socio-economic inequalities can affect international relations, contributing to the emergence of geopolitical and economic stressful situations. The study of this topic is necessary to understand and development of strategies aimed at reducing socio-economic inequalities Balanced and effective political decisions can become a step towards creating a fair and stable society. Considering socio-economic inequalities, it is important to address the issue of gender equality Highlighting the role of women in society and their opportunities in politics is an important aspect of research. Taking into account gender aspects of inequalities expands the sphere of influence, complementing the analysis of political dynamics. Also it is important to consider socio-economic inequalities through the prism of education and access to knowledge. The author considers the manifestations of these inequalities, including limited access to basic education, quality of education, possibility of obtaining it higher education, the difference in opportunities for skill development and vertical mobility A low level of education can deepen social differences, limiting the opportunities of citizens in political self-expression. Author highlights that these inequalities create social barriers and can lead to the formation of a cycle where children from less well-off families have limited opportunities to receive quality education and later face limited prospects in the professional and social spheres. So, the study of such aspects contributes to the creation of a comprehensive approach to problems of socio-economic inequalities. Accordingly, research socio-economic inequalities and their influence on political processes are critical for understanding modern society.
THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN ENSURING SECURITY IN THE SOUTH CAUCASUS: CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Mustafaeva Leila
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study to analyze the role of international organizations in ensuring security in the South Caucasus amidst contemporary challenges. By examining the involvement of entities like the OSCE, UN, EU, NATO, and CSTO, the research evaluates their contributions to conflict resolution, peacebuilding, and regional stability. The study contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted roles played by these organizations in the South Caucasus. It highlights the successes and limitations of their efforts in addressing regional conflicts, thereby offering valuable insights into the complexities of international interventions in conflict-prone areas. The results indicate that while the OSCE, through its Minsk Group, has played a pivotal role in mediation, it has faced criticism for slow progress and perceived biases. The UN's broader mandate has allowed for comprehensive peacekeeping and humanitarian efforts, yet its resolutions often face implementation challenges. The EU's diplomatic and financial initiatives promote stability but are sometimes viewed as insufficient. NATO and CSTO's rivalry further complicates the security dynamics, with each organization vying for influence, impacting the region's geopolitical stability.
Utilizing satellite imagery for economic development in Africa: Advances, challenges and future directions
Authors: Oluwaseyi Adelusi  , Oluwole Olakunle Ajayi  , Michael Adelusi  , Oluwatosin Mudele  , Busayo Wright-Ajayi  , Ajani Olawale  , Victor Akangbe  , Oluwatosin Adelusi  , Abiodun Mudele
Published: February 2025

Satellite imagery provides unmatched insights into numerous areas important to Africa's economic development. In this paper, we address recent advancements, ongoing issues, and possibilities for the application of satellite imagery for economic development in Africa. The first section covers satellite technology developments such as high-resolution imaging, multi-spectral and hyperspectral capabilities, synthetic aperture radar (SAR), and fusion with AI. Next, we present data accessibility, technical expertise, integration with local knowledge, and policy frameworks as satellite imaging adoption hurdles. Finally, we recommend integrating new technologies, boosting spatial and temporal resolutions, collaboration, capacity-building, and policy frameworks. By overcoming these obstacles and preparing ahead, African states can use satellite pictures to boost economic growth.
Transforming corporate finance and advisory services with machine learning applications in risk management
Authors: Oluwabanke Aminat Shodimu  , Oyindamola Modupe Odewuyi  , Selina Affiang Okpo  , Adeniyi Paul Philips  , Akeem Olakunle Ogundipe
Published: February 2025

The application of machine learning (ML) in corporate finance and advisory services has revolutionized traditional methodologies, particularly in the domain of risk management. This review paper explores how ML techniques enhance risk assessment, predictive modeling, and decision-making processes, offering increased precision, scalability, and efficiency. By leveraging ML algorithms, organizations can uncover hidden patterns in data, enabling proactive identification and mitigation of potential risks. Furthermore, the integration of real-time analytics and advanced computational methods allows firms to respond dynamically to evolving financial environments. The paper evaluates current trends, challenges, and future directions, emphasizing the critical role of data quality, ethical considerations, and integration strategies in ensuring successful implementation. It highlights the transformative potential of ML in redefining risk management paradigms and advancing the corporate finance landscape, thereby contributing to more resilient and adaptive financial systems.
The comparison study to Triiodothyronine (T3) levels in severe and non-severe covid-19 infections in Babylon province
Authors: Hayder Sudan Abbas Obaid
Published: February 2025

In addition to evaluating thyroid hormone levels as a possible predictor of illness severity, this reading sought to regulate the reminder among disease severity and demographic characteristics (age, gender, blood group, vaccination status, and geographic distribution) in recovered COVID-19 patients. 76 COVID-19 patients who received treatment at Babylon Province's Merjan Teaching Hospital between November and December 2021 were examined. Age was significantly correlated with severity (p≤0.0001), with non-severe cases being more common in those under 30 and severe cases being more common in those over 40. Gender differences were not statistically significant, despite the fact that males outnumbered females (p˃0.0001). Although there were variations between rural and urban cases (p≤0.0357), geographic location had no discernible effect. While ABO blood type affected severity While ABO blood type had no effect on severity, vaccination status did (p˃0.0001). Significant differences in T3 levels between severe and non-severe patients point to a possible function in predicting the severity of the disease. These results shed light on the biological and demographic variables affecting COVID-19 outcomes.
Metabolite profile analysis of ethanolic extract of Ironwood (Fagraea fragrans Roxb.) leaves using GC-MS
Authors: Mutiara Anggraini  , Juswardi
Published: February 2025

The Ironwood (Fagraea fragrans Roxb.) is widely used as a traditional medicine and cosmetic ingredient. The leaves of Ironwood contain various secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, steroids, saponins, quinones, tannins, and flavonoids, which possess antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, and antioxidant properties. Recent studies have focused on identifying the metabolite compounds present in Ironwood leaves through a non-targeted metabolomics approach using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The analysis of the GC-MS data allowed researchers to trace the biosynthesis pathways of the dominant compounds and their associated bioactivities. The GC-MS results obtained a total of 131 peaks with 79 compounds identified with a summary of 93.44%. There were five dominant metabolite compounds, namely cis13-Octadecenoic acid (20.98%), 5-Hydromethylfurfural (16.54%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (13.84%), Erythocentauriun (10.11%), and 5-Benzofuranacetic acid, 6-ethenyl-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-3 (3.09%). These metabolite compounds exhibit bioactivities such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-androgenic properties. They hold the potential for development into various medicinal and cosmetic products.
The role of pheromones in ants foraging behaviour: Insights from observations in domestic settings
Authors: Bhagwati Sahu  , Vinod Kumar Gupta  , Dimple Patel  , Geetanjali Tiwari
Published: February 2025

Pheromones play a critical role in the social behaviour of ants, particularly in their foraging activities. This study investigates the mechanisms through which ants utilize pheromonal communication to locate, exploit, and return from food sources. Observations conducted in a domestic environment reveal patterns of ant behaviour in response to artificial food trails and disturbances. By combining field observations with literature analysis, this research aims to elucidate the significance of pheromonal signalling in the efficient organization of ant foraging. Results highlight the robustness of pheromone trails and the ants' adaptive responses to environmental changes, contributing to the broader understanding of eusocial insect behaviour.
Screening, isolation, and fermentation optimization of indigenous Streptomyces spp. for enhanced methioninase production
Authors: Pratik Yadav  , Rakesh Mehta  , Ragini Gothalwal
Published: February 2025

This preliminary study focuses on the isolation and characterization of indigenous Streptomyces spp. from the Upper Lake of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, with an emphasis on their potential to produce L-methioninase, an enzyme with significant therapeutic applications in cancer treatment. Sample collection was conducted from five locations around the lake, followed by isolation on starch casein agar and characterization through morphological and biochemical tests. The screening identified isolates capable of methioninase production, with two isolates (S2 and S3) demonstrating significant enzyme activity. The study further optimized liquid state fermentation conditions to enhance enzyme production, evaluating the effects of various carbon sources, pH levels, and temperature. Results indicated that sucrose was the most effective carbon source, yielding the highest enzyme activity (S2: 21.236 U/mL; S3: 23.243 U/mL) at neutral pH (7) and 30°C. The findings underscore the influence of environmental factors on microbial diversity and enzymatic potential in nutrient-rich ecosystems like the Upper Lake. This research contributes valuable insights into bioprospecting for indigenous microbial strains with promising enzymatic properties, highlighting the potential for developing effective microbial-based therapies for cancer treatment through optimized L-methioninase production. The results lay the groundwork for future studies aimed at large-scale enzyme production for therapeutic applications, advancing the field of enzyme therapy in oncology.
Parking Identification System with Integration of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
Authors: Raihan Raihan Fadhil , Hendrick Hendrick , Novi Novi , -Jiun Horn Gwo
Published: February 2025

The Indonesian National Police (Polri) reported a significant increase in the number of crime cases during the period January - April 2023. Based on these conditions, an innovative security system is needed that can reduce the risk of motor vehicle theft. This tool is equipped with the help of an IP Camera and runs a program that has been made on programming software using OpenCV Python. The IP Camera is used to capture video that can be accessed on the server to process whether there is a license plate number detected and read the vehicle license plate number. This system integrates Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) technology in the parking system. RFID technology will provide unique identification to each user who will enter the parking area, while OCR is used to read the license plate numbers of vehicles entering the parking area. OCR reading results are also sent to the microcontroller to be displayed on the LCD when the customer enters the parking area. The OCR reading results have a truth accuracy rate of 98.7%.
Implementation of Photodiode Sensors in a Line Follower Robot
Authors: Herizon Herizon , Yuliza Milda , Rahmat Rahmat
Published: February 2025

Line follower robot is a type of autonomous robot designed to follow a specific trajectory, usually a black line on a white background. In order for the robot to follow the trajectory accurately, a sensor is required that is able to detect the difference in light intensity between the line and the background. This study evaluates the application of a photodiode sensor to a microcontroller-based line follower robot, focusing on the performance of the sensor under various lighting conditions and surfaces. The results show that the photodiode sensor is able to detect lines with high accuracy of almost 100% between black lines on a white surface. To achieve fast response speed and high trajectory stability, the optimal distance between the photodiode sensor and the surface must be maintained. Fast response speed and high trajectory stability are at a distance of 0.5 to 1.0 cm. Under normal lighting conditions (200-300 lux), the robot can follow the trajectory with optimal speed and precision. Under low lighting conditions (below 100 lux), the sensor is still able to detect the line, but the robot speed must be reduced to maintain accuracy. Under very bright lighting conditions (above 500 lux), the photodiode sensor shows a little difficulty in distinguishing lines if there is significant light reflection, but it can still be compensated by adjusting the sensor sensitivity. This research provides a solid foundation for further development in improving the performance of line follower robots in various practical applications.
Utilisasi Media Dan Komunikasi Visual Dalam Dakwah di Era 5.0
Authors: Khairullah  , Recha Mardiianty Rachmi
Published: February 2025

Artikel ini mengeksplorasi integrasi elemen visual dan teknologi digital dalam dakwah Islam di era digital dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan. Penelitian ini menelaah teori, konsep, dan temuan empiris terkait dinamika penggunaan media, komunikasi visual, dan teknologi digital seperti augmented reality (AR) dan virtual reality (VR) dalam dakwah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara sistematis melalui identifikasi, evaluasi, klasifikasi, dan analisis literatur dari buku akademik, artikel jurnal, laporan penelitian, serta dokumen digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan strategi efektif dalam memanfaatkan media visual untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan audiens, seperti konten video kreatif, animasi, dan teknologi imersif seperti AR dan VR. Media sosial seperti TikTok, YouTube, dan Instagram memainkan peran penting dalam menjangkau audiens yang lebih luas, terutama generasi muda, melalui pendekatan inovatif dan interaktif. Studi ini menyoroti potensi komunikasi visual dan teknologi digital untuk mentransformasi dakwah agar relevan dengan preferensi modern, sekaligus menjaga nilai-nilai inti Islam. Tantangan yang dihadapi mencakup menjaga keaslian pesan di tengah komodifikasi digital dan memastikan kedalaman pesan agama. Kerangka multidisiplin ini memberikan panduan bagi akademisi dan praktisi dalam memanfaatkan inovasi digital untuk dakwah yang efektif dan etis di era digital
 
This article uses literature research to explore the integration of visual elements and digital technology in Islamic da'wah in the digital era. This research examines theories, concepts, and empirical findings related to the dynamics of using media, visual communication, and digital technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) in da'wah. Data collection is done systematically by identifying, evaluating, classifying, and analyzing literature from academic books, journal articles, research reports, and digital documents. The results show effective strategies in utilizing visual media to increase audience engagement, such as creative video content, animation, and immersive technologies such as AR and VR. Through innovative and interactive approaches, social media such as TikTok, YouTube, and Instagram are essential in reaching a wider audience, especially the younger generation. This study highlights the potential of visual communication and digital technology to transform da'wah to be relevant to modern preferences while maintaining core Islamic values. Challenges include maintaining message authenticity amid digital commodification and ensuring the depth of religious messages. This multidisciplinary framework guides academics and practitioners in utilizing digital innovations for practical and ethical da'wah in the digital age.