bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carbon Pricing in the US: Examining State-Level Policy Support and Federal Resistance
Authors: Narassimhan Easwaran , Koester Stefan , Gallagher Kelly Sims
Published: February 2022

Carbon pricing is a key policy instrument used to steer markets towards the adoption of low-carbon technologies. In the last two decades, several carbon pricing policies have been implemented or debated at the state and federal levels in the US. The Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative and the California cap-and-trade policy are the two regional policies operational today. While there is no federal policy operational today, several carbon pricing proposals have been introduced in Congress in the last decade. Using the literature on interest group politics and policy entrepreneurship, this article examines the carbon pricing policies at the subnational and federal levels in the US. First, the article explores the evolution of two main regional carbon pricing policies, the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative and California cap-and-trade, to identify how interest groups and policy entrepreneurs shaped the design and implementation of the respective policies. Second, the article details the federal carbon pricing policy proposals and bills discussed in the last decade. Third, it examines the factors that limit the prospects of realizing an ambitious federal carbon price for pursuing deep decarbonization of the US economy. The article finds that federal carbon pricing in the US suffers from the lack of any natural and/or consistent constituency to support it through policy development, legislation, and implementation. While interest group politics have been mitigated by good policy entrepreneurship at the subnational level, the lack of policy entrepreneurship and the changing positions of competing interest groups have kept a federal carbon pricing policy from becoming a reality.
"Aesthetic" in modern socio-cultural practices
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Grytsenko V. S.
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the fundamental problems of human philosophy and, at the same time, to the philosophy of culture as a product of its spiritual movement. Presented in modern science by separately developed theoretical discourses, in reality the aesthetic and cultural aspects are in relation of continuous interdependence, associated with the development of their generic basis – the human core of essence. The concept of aesthetics, which owes its emergence to the activity-based approach to the analysis of human essence, the understanding of the aesthetic and the moral as fundamental activities as the basis and conditions of human creation, suffers from unjustified reduction. Formed in the bosom of philosophical-anthropic universals, the culture studies, which should have been a methodologically analytical platform, a tendency towards factuality, moving to fleeting meanings, has revealed. This affected the optics of the aesthetic vision: the projection of its consideration became actual artistic practices, taken from the perspective of artistic instrumental form formation, abstracted from the defining human-motivated meaning. Left "off screen", it brings the analysis of contemporary artistic realities to superficial ones, to a simple statement of their sociocultural certainty and differences from what was known previously. The very life of the "aesthetic" – a condition and measure of the human essence development – provides such studies incapable of true expertise, primarily of determining the actual cultural weight of the artistic and aesthetic phenomenon and the prospects of its future existence. The urgency of recognizing this problem and its obligatory subsequent solution is one of the urgent tasks of culture studies on the way to its ultimate establishment as the center of humanitarian values. The understanding of the "aesthetic" as a human-forming condition necessarily expands the space of its cultural examination as well. It encompasses a bunch of actions and inner movements carried out in a human way. Moreover, the world of art needs to be taken into account when studying the presence of aesthetics in the general sphere of sociocultural practices. Whereas art as an aesthetic phenomenon is homogeneous in relation to the aesthetic, in the extra-artistic sphere the aesthetic gets into a homogeneity of a different order, namely into the root structure of the essential human self-development.
Possibilities and limitations of cultural studies for rethinking the soviet heritage
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Krivolap A. D.
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the answer to the question how that became possible when culturology was translated into English as Culture studies? There is no danger of losing something in translation, there is a huge conceptual mistake. The work is devoted to the problem of specific cultural forms of adaptation and using terms of culturology. There is a deep and large challenge for social and cultural discourse reflex and explain the difference between culturology and culture studies. The purpose of this text is to describe this academic discourse of culturology and to understand the conditions for the possibility of its existence and underline some differences from culture studies. Culturology was proposed in the western academic tradition but broadly adopted and welcomed in post-Soviet space. Culturology can be understood as a broad social and cultural phenomenon that brings deep consequences to society in transition. The post-Soviet reality can be studied in the frame of postcolonial discourse and culturology will have a chance for new-born again to solve new social challenges. Against the background of serious values about the Soviet past, the critical attitude to Soviet aesthetics does not seem unexpected. Rethinking the Soviet past should begin not with political or economic aspects, but with aesthetic and cultural issues. The discourse of culturology contributes to the creation of a certain vision of the social and physical realities. We will try to consider this process by the example of the approach of culturology to the problem of identity. It is interesting that different visions, what cultural identity is, exist simultaneously. On the one hand, cultural identity is considered as a normative requirement to meet certain socio-cultural requirements, historical ideals that have been tested for centuries and strive for their revival. But, on the other hand, cultural identity is interpreted as an endless process of social formation and the search for answers to new questions and social challenges. The first approach is more typical for culturology, and the second – for culture studies.
Building Cocoa Traceability System Based on Web Application and QR Code
Authors: Sulaiman Ismail , . Yusriana , Muliawan Wawan
Published: February 2022

Aceh is one of the cocoa producing provinces in Sumatra, Indonesia. Cocoa production in Aceh Province in 2017 amounted to 39,296 tons / year with a land area of 101,230 Ha (BPS-Statistics Indonesia 2017). The traceability system is a complex system for representing four important components called process, organization, information, and technology (Verdenius 2006). There are two traceability system methods (1) paper-based system and (2) barcode / RFID (Radio Frequency Identification). The purpose of this research is to build a traceability system by utilizing a website and quick responses code so that it can provide information that can be accessed using the internet and the QR code scanner application that can be found on a smartphone. This research was conducted using the system development life cycle (SDLC) method by utilizing primary and secondary data as supporting information to produce an information system in the form of a web application. This web application was developed using a browser, database, local server and a code writing application. There are 4 stages of analysis (1) analysis of functional requirements of the system, (2) analysis of non-functional requirements of the system, (3) analysis of system users and (4) system security analysis. Based on the results of the analysis, the main components needed are the process of input, output, storage and control. All processes are carried out by a work unit consisting of 7 admins. This web application system is registered using domain www.cocoa-trace.com with www.rumahweb.com as hosting.
El patrimonio glaciar y periglaciar del Geoparque Mundial UNESCO Montañas do Courel (Galicia)
Authors: Pérez Alberti Augusto
Published: February 2022

Las Montañas do Courel se encuentran en Galicia, en el Noroeste de la Península Ibérica, entre las coordenadas 42, 715° N; 42,32° N y 7,023° O; 7,42° O. Su relieve se caracteriza por la existencia de un conjunto de valles encajados e interfluvios estrechos que se alargan prácticamente de Norte a Sur. Litológicamente dominan las pizarras, cuarcitas y calizas con pequeños afloramientos de diabasas. Los materiales están intensamente fracturados debido en gran medida a la dinámica tectónica que se puso en marcha a partir del Cenozoico siguiendo en muchos casos las viejas fracturas tardihercínicas. Destacan de forma especial las fallas de desgarre (strike slip fault) que presentan una dirección general NNE-SSO. Además, se observan otros sistemas de fracturas que llevan direcciones NO-SE o O-E, que fragmentaron el terreno y delimitaron un amplio conjunto de bloques con formas sigmoidales que marcan el diseño general de muchos sectores del territorio. La red fluvial está muy condicionada por este sistema de discontinuidades que dirigen el diseño de los valles, pero también, y de una manera singular, por la litología.

Durante el Pleistoceno reciente, en una fase que está por determinar, pero posiblemente entre hace más de 40.000 años y 11.000 años antes del presente, el clima dominante era frío con momentos de diferente temperatura y humedad. Este hecho provocó la remodelación de muchos sectores motivado por procesos glaciares y periglaciares. Las huellas de los primeros quedaron marcadas en formas erosivas, caso de circos y umbrales rocosos, o acumulativas, caso de crestas morrénicas. Los segundos en depósitos estratificados de ladera o en espectaculares laderas de bloques.

Mediante trabajo de campo, cartografía geomorfológica y el análisis de depósitos se han reconocido 9 complejos glaciares en la vertiente oriental y occidental de las Montañas do Courel, junto con numerosos depósitos de origen periglaciar.
Effect of Lanthanum Zirconate Ceramic on the Dynamics of Hematological Parameters and the Bone Remodeling Markers: Experimental Study
Authors: Antropova Irina P. , Volokitina Elena A. , Udintseva Maria Yu. , Yushkov Boris G. , Tyumentseva Natalia V. , Kutepov Sergey M.
Published: February 2022

Background. Zirconium oxide is actively used in medicine; however, research is underway to improve mechanical characteristics and biointegration. One of the promising areas is the study of materials based on lanthanum zirconate (LZ).
The study aimed to examine the effect of a new ceramic material based on LZ on the dynamics of hematological parameters and markers of bone tissue remodeling after intramedullary osteosynthesis (IO) of a hip fracture with LZ rods.
Material and Methods. The ceramic material La1.95Ca0.05Zr2O7 was used. The experiment was conducted in guinea pigs, which were divided into four groups: main group, modeling of a hip fracture (IO of the fracture with LZ rod, n = 9); comparison group, modeling of a hip fracture (IO of a fracture with a rod from b-tricalcium phosphate [TCP]; n = 9); control (C) group, modeling of a hip fracture without IO (n= 9); and native control (NC) group. Animals were withdrawn from the experiment before surgery (NC) and at 4, 10, and 25 weeks after surgery (n=3 for each time point). Hematological parameters, i.e., a tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) as an osteoresorption marker and osteocalcin (OC) as an osteogenesis marker, were determined.
Results. The red blood cell counts in all groups of the operated animals at 4, 10, and 25 weeks after surgery were not significantly different from the NK group. A significantly higher level of leukocytes in comparison with other groups was observed in the control group 10 weeks after surgery (p = 0.044), which was explained by the absence of fracture synthesis. The platelet level in all groups of the operated animals during the study period was not significantly different from the NK group. The TRAP activity in the LZ and TCP groups had maximum values after 4 weeks, and the OC level reached the maximum by 10 weeks after the operation without significant differences between the LZ and TCP groups of animals.
Conclusion. The study of the main hematological parameters did not reveal a negative effect of LZ on the experimental animals. A positive effect of this material on bone tissue remodeling was found. A new ceramic material based on LC appears to be promising for use in traumatology and orthopedics.
AN IMPACT OF THE STEEL-CONCRETE COMPOSITE SUPPORTING STRUCTURE ON THE DYNAMIC PARAMETERS OF THE MACHINING CENTER
Authors:   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Production Machines, Systems and Robotics,  Brno, Czech Republic, HERMANSKY DOMINIK , MAREK JIRI ,   Brno University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Production Machines, Systems and Robotics,  Brno, Czech Republic
Published: February 2022

A self-excited vibration, called “chatter”, is a main limiting factor in chip-forming metal machining. The reduction of machining productivity, worsened machined surface quality and the reduction of lifetime of the machine tool parts, particularly the cutting tool itself, occur as a result of the chatter. There are more ways to suppress this undesired effect of machining. The most common and simplest variant is the structural modification of the supporting parts of the machine in order to increase the dynamic stiffness and damping. In most cases, manufacturers of the machining centers use traditional metallic materials (steel, cast iron) for construction of the machine supporting system. However, these materials have some limitations. In order to improve the dynamic parameters of the machine during machining process it is appropriate to combine these materials with others to create hybrid, composite structures. Authors of this article have performed the real experiment in order to test the real dynamic properties of the vertical multitasking machining center with the turning operation prevailing. The individual segments of the supporting structure are made of the composite material – a combination of a steel welded structure filled with high-strength cement concrete.
AUTOMATION OF PARTIAL TASKS IN THE DESIGN OF ROBOTIC ARMS
Authors:   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Robotics, Ostrava, Czech Republic, ZEMAN ZDENEK , MIHOLA MILAN ,   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Robotics, Ostrava, Czech Republic, SUDER JIRI ,   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Robotics, Ostrava, Czech Republic, BOLESLAVSKY ADAM ,   VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, Department of Robotics, Ostrava, Czech Republic
Published: February 2022

The design of robotic arms is a demanding process, especially in terms of the demands placed on developers' knowledge and experience and the time required for the design. Therefore, the development aimed to create procedures for possible automation of some of the individual tasks of the robotic arm design process, which are further applied in the development of a software tool for the automation of partial tasks in the design of robotic arms RobotDesigner. The benefits and functions of RobotDesigner are demonstrated in the example of optimization of a simple manipulator with 5 degrees of freedom for a given manipulation task. The optimization results show that the use of this software tool significantly speeds up and streamlines the sub-tasks of design and optimization of arms. By using iterative processes and artificial intelligence, using similar software tools and connecting them to CAD systems, it will not only be possible in the future to fully automate the robot arm design process but also to generate and compare different structures and design solutions to find the most optimal for the task, which the robot will perform.
USE OF HOLOGRAPHIC INTERFEROMETRY FOR MONITORING HEAT TRANSFER
Authors:   Technical University in Zvolen, Faculty of Technology, Department of Manufacturing and Automation Technology, Zvolen, Slovakia, PIVARCIOVA ELENA
Published: February 2022

In the paper is described possibility of holographic interferometry in research of heat transfer above samples. Experiments with utilization of this method enable to explain many of actions going in environment and in phase interface between material and this environment in transport of heat. The presented experiments are aimed at verifying the possibilities of safe thermal loading of wood using with metal protective plate.
Analisis Penerapan Asesmen Berbasis Daring pada Mata Pelajaran PJOK pada Masa Pandemi
Authors: Cahyanto Ahmad , Heynoek Febrita , Fitriady Gema
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the application of Assessment which is efficient during online learning on learning in physical education sports and health subjects at State Vocational Schools in Malang City. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a survey research design. The sample of this research is 10 teachers from state high schools in Malang, which are taken using a purposive sample technique. Data collection techniques in the form of interviews were then analyzed through three stages, namely reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the majority of teachers use online assessments, with three aspects being assessed, namely the assessment of attitudes, knowledge, and skills by utilizing applications that have been widely used such as google classroom, google forms, and the like, as well as web applications from schools, the use of applications plays an important role in the assessment because it can accessed by students and teachers even though it is limited by time.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Penerapan Asesmen manakah yang efisien pada saat pembelajaran daring pada mata pelajaran PJOK di SMK Negeri Se-Kota Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan desain penelitian survei. Sampel penelitian ini sejumlah 10 orang guru pjok smk negeri se-kota malang yang diambil dengan teknik purposive sample. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara kemudian dianalisis melalui tiga tahapan yaitu reduksi, penyaian dan kesimpulan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan mayoritas guru menggunakan penilaian online, dengan tiga aspek yang dinilai yaitu penilaian sikap, pengetahuan dan keterampilan dengan memanfaatkan aplikasi yang telah banyak digunakan seperti google classroom, google form dan sejenisnya, serta aplikasi web dari sekolah, penggunaan aplikasi sangat berperan penting dalam penilaian karena dapat diakses oleh siswa dan guru walaupun terbatas oleh waktu.
Studi Komparatif Pengaruh Metode Bagian dan Keseluruhan Terhadap Keterampilan Servis Kaki Bagian Dalam Bolavoli Gandu Level II
Authors: Setyawan Agung , Asim Asim
Published: February 2022

Physical education is a science in which there are aspects of knowledge, attitude, and movement. Volley ball learning at SMPN 3 Panggul is quite difficult to understand and do. Especially for service material, this can hinder students' motor development and mastery of volleyball skills. The aim of this study was to see the differences in the learning outcomes of the part method with the overall method on the inner leg service skills of Gandu volleyball level II for grade VII students of SMPN 3 Panggul Trenggalek. Researchers used the experimental method, where data analysis used the technique one way ANOVA with significance sign equal 0.05. The division of the randomly selected groups into 2 groups, performance tests and results tests which were taken by pretest and posttest. The results of the research in the section method group got an average pretest score, then the average score posttest of 61.33 was 106.267 and in the overall method group had an average score of pretest 61.73 and a score of posttest 102.93, it can be concluded that learning foot service The part in the section method group was superior to the overall method group in the learning process of Gandu volleyball level II for students in class VII SMP Negeri 3 Panggul Trenggalek.

Pendidikan Jasmani merupakan ilmu pengetahuan yang di dalamnya terdapat aspek pengetahuan, sikap, dan gerak. Pembelajaran bolavoli di SMPN 3 Panggul cukup sulit dipahami dan dilakukan. Khususnya materi servis, hal ini dapat menghambat perkembangan motorik siswa, dan penguasaan keterampilan bolavoli. Adapun penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan hasil pembelajaran metode bagian dengan metode keseluruhan pada keterampilan servis kaki bagian dalam bolavoli gandu level II siswa kelas VII SMPN 3 Panggul Trenggalek. Peneliti menggunakan metode eksperimen, dimana analisis data menggunakan teknik one-way anova dengan signifikasi alpha sama dengan 0,05. Pembagian kelompok yang dipilih secara acak menjadi 2 kelompok, tes kinerja dan tes hasil yang pengambilannya dengan pretest dan posttest. Hasil penelitian kelompok metode bagian mendapatkan skor rata-rata pretest 61,33, kemudian skor rata-rata posttest sebesar 106,267 dan pada kelompok metode keseluruhan memiliki rata-rata skor prestest 61,73 dan skor posttest 102,93, maka dapat disimpulkan pembelajaran servis kaki bagian dalam kelompok metode bagian lebih unggul dibandingkan dengan kelompok metode keseluruhan dalam proses pembelajaran bolavoli gandu level II untuk siswa di kelas VII SMP Negeri 3 Panggul Trenggalek.
Latihan Teknik Dasar Sepak Bola Usia 14-15 Tahun
Authors: Aprilianto Aprilianto , Roesdiyanto Roesdiyanto , Taufik Taufik
Published: February 2022

The aim of the researcher in this research and development is to produce a basic soccer technique training model for SSB Satria Muda Malang City. The research method used in this study is Research and Development (R&D). The instruments used in this research are interviews and questionnaires. The data analysis technique in this study used qualitative and quantitative descriptive. This study was validated by 3 football coaching experts who obtained 99.57 percent results. The results of this research and development concluded that the basic soccer technique training model was very good and could be used for athletes aged 14-15 years at SSB Satria Muda Malang City.

Tujuan peneliti dalam penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah menghasilkan model latihan teknik dasar sepakbola untuk SSB Satria Muda Kota Malang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Research and Development (R&D). Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu wawancara dan angket. Teknik analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini melalui validasi 3 ahli kepelatihan sepakbola yang memperoleh hasil 99, 57 persen. Hasil dari penelitian dan pengembangan ini disimpulkan bahwa model latihan teknik dasar sepak bola sangat baik dan dapat digunakan untuk atlet usia 14-15 tahun SSB Satria Muda Kota Malang.
Predictores robustos de estructura fija
Authors: Tena David , Peñarrocha Ignacio , Sanchis Llopis Roberto
Published: February 2022

En este trabajo se propone el análisis y diseño de predictores robustos de estructura _ja para su uso en el control de procesos con retardos puros, como alternativa al predictor de Smith y al observador de estados. Respecto al primero, se demuestra mejorar la robustez ante incertidumbre del modelo. Respecto al segundo, se reduce ampliamente el número de parámetros de ajuste, facilitando su implementación en plataformas industriales. Para el diseño, se plantea la minimización de varias normas del sistema mediante un problema de optimización con desigualdades matriciales y se obtienen los parámetros del predictor utilizando algoritmos de optimización. Finalmente, se desarrolla un ejemplo numérico de aplicación práctica.
Simplified fuzzy model based predictive control for a nonlinear system
Authors: Escaño Juan M. , Bordons Carlos , Roshany-Yamchi Samira , Witheephanich Kritchai , Rubillon Jean Michel
Published: February 2022

A reduced complexity fuzzy model has been developed to capture the nonlinear dynamics of a mechanical system. The use of Functional Principal Analysis to reduce the complexity of the model permitted the use of a linear controller based on that model.
Incidence, risk factors and clinical characteristics of bronchiolitis obliterans after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Kulagin E. A. , Volkova A. G. , Nikolaev I. Yu. , Smirnova A. G. , Golubovskaya I. K. , Rabik J. D. , Skvortsova R. D. , Moiseev I. S. , Trofimov V. I.
Published: February 2022

Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a severe form of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Aim. The aim of current study was to evaluate the incidence, risk factors, and clinical manifestation of BO after allo-HSCT. Methods. The study included 1189 adult patients who received allo-HSCT at R.M.Gorbacheva Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation, Academician I.P.Pavlov First Federal Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Healthcare Ministry of Russia in 2008 – 2019. BO was diagnosed according to the US National Institutes of Health criteria (2014), including pulmonary function test (PFT) and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest. We analyzed the cumulative incidence of BO with competing events, risk factors in the Fine – Gray regression model, clinical symptoms, BO severity, and bronchial obstruction formation dynamics. Results. BO was diagnosed in 42 (3.5%) patients. Cumulative incidence of BO was 1.8% (95% CI, 1.2 – 2.7), 3.9 (95% CI, 2.8 – 5.2) и 4.5% (95% CI, 3.2 – 6.1) at 1, 3, and 5 years after allo-HSCT, respectively. The median time of BO onset and diagnosis was 321 (86 – 1 771) and 371 (161 – 2 134) days, respectively. Risk factors were HLAmismatched unrelated and haploidentical donor (ОР – 2.301, 95% CI, 1.247 – 4.246; p = 0.0076), myeloablative conditioning (ОР – 2.544, 95% CI, 1.384 – 4.674; p = 0.0026) and GVHD prophylaxis without posttransplant cyclophosphamide (ОР – 2.152, 95% CI, 1.154 – 4.013; p = 0.0160). The clinical manifestation included cough (88 %) and shortness of breath (90%). Bronchial wall thickening (95%) and expiratory air trapping (79%) were frequent chest HRCT findings. Mild, moderate, and severe BO was identified in 9 (21%), 12 (29%), and 21 (50%) patients, respectively. The median forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1 ) was 39% (20 – 74). The most significant loss of bronchial conductivity was between day + 100 and 1 year after allo-HSCT. Conclusion. The large cohort study provided details on current incidence, risk factors, and clinical features of BO after HSCT. The results create the basis for predicting and early diagnosis of BO after allo-HSCT
Patients with non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis in clinical practice
Authors: Shmelev E. I. , Zaitseva A. S. , Makaryants N. N. , Kovalevskaya M. N. , Sargsyan A. P.
Published: February 2022

Incidence and prevalence of non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) are recorded in many countries, but the rates vary. There are no official statistics on the prevalence and incidence of NTMs in the Russian Federation at the moment. The regulatory and expert clinical database for NTMs has not yet been developed. The aim of thе article is to share the experience of the Federal State Scientific Institution “Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis” (FSSI “CRIT”) in working with patients with NTMB over the past 7 years. Methods. The study included 190 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of NTMB who were treated at the FSSI “CRIT” in 2011 – 2018. Before the diagnosis of NTMB, all patients were followed for a long time by various specialists (pulmonologists, general practitioners) for various chronic respiratory diseases. NTMs were isolated from the diagnostic material by the culture method. The material was inoculated into a liquid medium in an automated BACTEC MGIT 960 system and into Levenshtein – Jensen dense medium until the culture growth was obtained. The HTM species was determined using DNA strips GenoType® Mycobacterium CM by Hain Lifescience (Germany). Results. More than half of the examined patients were registered with a phthisiatrician for various clinical forms of pulmonary tuberculosis (disseminated, fibro-cavernous, focal). In 85.6% of cases, no MBT DNA was found in the sputum and skin tests with recombinant tuberculosis antigen (Diaskintest®) were negative. Nevertheless, the changes in the lungs detected on the chest CT and even a single detection of acid-fast microorganisms (AFB) without typing led to an erroneous diagnosis of tuberculosis. In some patients (6.8%), a combination of pulmonary tuberculosis and NTMB was diagnosed. Bronchiectasis and COPD were the most common chronic nonspecific lung diseases. 66.7% of the patients had centrilobular foci characterized by the involvement of not only the bronchial wall but also the pulmonary vessels. NTMB resistance to a wide range of antibacterial drugs was determined in 118 patients (out of 190). The prolonged use of chemotherapy drugs revealed a wide range of drug intolerance. Side effects were handled in various ways: drug replacement (with consideration to the sensitivity), temporary withdrawal, and drug discontinuation. Conclusion. This work reflects the long-term experience of the FSSI “CRIT” staff with patients with NTMs, which can be used in creating national recommendations on NTMs.
A mathematical analysis of the stability of non-isothermal hollow fiber drawin
Authors: Деревянкина А.Л. , Первадчук В.П. , Владимирова Д.Б.
Published: February 2022

Целью данной работы является построение математической модели устойчивости неизотермической вытяжки полого волокна, учитывающей технологические параметры процесса и свойства заготовки. Рассмотрен неизотермический процесс вытяжки полого волокна, который описывается системой нелинейных дифференциальных уравнений в частных производных, составлена и решена система соответствующего стационарного течения. Произведена линеаризация процесса вытяжки капилляра в окрестности найденного стационарного состояния. В дальнейшем с помощью метода разделения переменных и дискретизации конечными разностями анализ линейной устойчивости сведен к задаче на собственные значения.

Constructing a mathematical model of non-isothermal drawing hollow fiber, with the technological parameters of the process and the properties of the workpiece is the main aim of the research. In order to achieve this, a non-isothermal process of drawing hollow fiber, which has form of system of nonlinear partial differential equations, is considered. A system describing the corresponding stationary flow has been compiled and solved. Linearization of the capillary drawing process in the vicinity of the found stationary state was performed. Then, using the separation variables method and discretization by finite differences, the analysis of linear stability was reduced to an eigenvalue problem.
Terminal control of the spatial orientation of a manipulative spacecraft in the program rotation mode
Authors: Сасункевич А.А. , Калабин П.В. , Степанов А.С.
Published: February 2022

Разработан алгоритм расчета моментов инерции системы «манипуляционный космический аппарат – солнцезащитный экран», зависящих от времени и углового положения манипуляционного космического аппарата относительно подвижной орбитальной системы координат. Представлены результаты моделирования процесса терминального управления ориентацией манипуляционного космического аппарата с учетом изменения компонентов его тензора инерции. Проведены исследования влияния изменения моментов инерции такого аппарата на точность его пространственной ориентации. Программа управления ориентацией манипуляционного космического аппарата в режиме программного поворота рассчитана с помощью модифицированного метода приближенного корректирующего оператора для постоянных управляющих моментов двигателей ориентации.

Terminal control of the spatial orientation of a manipulative spacecraft in the program rotation mode An algorithm has been developed for calculating the moments of inertia of the «manipulation spacecraftsunscreen» system, depending on the time and angular position of the manipulation spacecraft relative to the mobile orbital coordinate system. The results of modeling the process of terminal orientation control of a manipulative spacecraft, taking into account changes in the components of its inertia tensor, are presented. The influence of changes in the moments of inertia of the spacecraft on the accuracy of its spatial orientation has been studied. The program for controlling the orientation of the manipulating spacecraft in the program rotation mode is calculated using a modified method of an approximate correction operator for constant control moments of orientation engines.
Choosing a rational construction option complex automation tools for complex technical systems
Authors: Васильев А.С. , Аверьянов А.В. , Зыкова С.С.
Published: February 2022

Выбор рационального варианта построения комплекса средств автоматизации сложных технических систем. Предложен способ повышения надежности функционирования комплекса средств автоматизации сложных технических систем. Способ заключается в выборе рациональной структуры комплекса средств автоматизации с учетом необходимого количества узлов резервирования. В качестве примера проведено сравнительное оценивание различных конфигураций комплекса средств автоматизации управления процессом подготовки и пуска ракет-носителей.

A method of increasing the reliability of the complex of automation tools of a complex technical system is proposed. The method consists in choosing a rational structure of the automation complex, taking into account the required number of redundancy nodes. As an example, a comparative evaluation of various configurations of a complex of automation tools for controlling the process of preparation and launch of launch vehicles was carried out.
Changing the parameters of supply chain optimization in the post-crisis period
Authors: Вечерская С.Е.
Published: February 2022

Следствием изменений в международном разделении труда и ограничений, вызванных нефинансовым кризисом 2020–2021 годов, является повышение сложности систем коммерческой логистики. Изменения в организации логистических структур приводят к необходимости новых подходов в моделировании и оптимизации цепей поставок в период кризиса и в посткризисный период. При моделировании цепей поставок необходимо учитывать санитарные и санкционные ограничения, а также пересмотр политических и экономических приоритетов международной торговли. Также следует заменить целевые показатели эффективности бизнеса, оцениваемые параметрами прибыльности, на показатели, характеризующие устойчивость бизнеса. Кроме того, возросшая сложность производственных систем должна быть принята во внимание при моделировании поддержки принятия решений.

The consequence of changes in the international division of labor and restrictions caused by the non-financial crisis of 2020-2021 is an increase in the complexity of commercial logistics systems. Changes in the organization of logistics structures lead to the need for new approaches to modeling and optimizing supply chains during the crisis and in the post-crisis period. When modeling supply chains, it is necessary to take into account sanitary and sanctions restrictions, as well as a revision of the political and economic priorities of international trade. It is also necessary to replace the indicators of business performance targets, assessed by profitability parameters, with indicators that characterize the business sustainability. In addition, the increased complexity of production systems should be taken into account when modeling decision support.
Increasing the operation reliability of power plants under impact conditions geoinducted currents generated disturbances of the Earth’s magnetic field during geomagnetic storm
Authors: Грабчак Е.П. , Логинов Е.Л. , Шурупов М.А.
Published: February 2022

Статья посвящена обеспечению надежности и безопасности работы объектов электроэнергетики в условиях воздействия геоиндуктированных токов, генерируемых возмущениями магнитного поля Земли в периоды геомагнитных бурь. Рассматриваются мероприятия по этой проблеме, включенные в проект «Стратегия обеспечения безопасности Единой энергетической системы России в условиях естественных и искусственных электромагнитных воздействий». Сформулированы пути повышения надежности работы объектов электроэнергетики для предотвращения вероятных чрезвычайных ситуаций в регионах России с повышенным уровнем геоиндуцированных токов.

The article is devoted to ensuring the reliability and safety of the operation of electric power facilities under the influence of geoinduced currents generated by disturbances of the Earth’s magnetic field during periods of geomagnetic storms. Measures on this problem, included in the draft “Strategies for ensuring the security of the Unified Energy System of Russia in the conditions of natural and artificial electromagnetic influences” are considered. The ways of increasing the reliability of the electric power facilities to prevent possible emergencies in the regions of Russia with an increased level of geoinduced currents are formulated.
Data mining in Go
Authors: Загороднюк П.А.
Published: February 2022

Целью данной статьи является оценка языка программирования Go как инструмента для реализации методов data mining. Для этого проводится анализ задачи классификации и метода k-ближайших соседей, затем предлагается способ программирования данного метода и организации процесс управления и подготовки исходных данных. В заключение на основе проведенной работы делается вывод, насколько Go подходит для решения подобных задач, и есть ли потенциал для реализации остальных методов.

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the Go programming language as a tool for implementing data mining methods. To do this, an analysis of the classification problem and the k-nearest neighbors’ algorithm is carried out, then a method is proposed for how this method can be programmed and the process of managing and preparing the initial data can be organized. In conclusion, based on the work carried out, it sums up how well Go is suitable for solving such problems and whether there is potential for the implementation of other methods.
Caracterización de drosofílidos en zona urbana de Popayán (Cauca) Colombia
Authors: Urbano Lorena , Mera-Velasco Yamid Arley , Ramos-Angulo Jovanna Vanessa
Published: February 2022

Los miembros del género Drosophila, comúnmente conocidos como moscas de la fruta, han sido ampliamente analizados como un modelo biológico de gran impacto para los estudios ambientales y genéticos dado su pequeño tamaño, su breve ciclo de vida, su fácil y asequible mantenimiento, así como su rápida reproducción y numerosa descendencia. Sin embargo, aún no se ha hecho una caracterización completa de estos individuos en zonas tropicales antropizadas, lo que puede tenerun gran impacto en el desarrollo biológico de la mosca. En dicho contexto, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la presencia de los drosofílidos en la ciudad de Popayán para generar conocimiento que pueda servir de línea base en la realización de otras investigaciones. Se recolectaron 1.033 drosofílidos del género Drosophila distribuidos en tres subgéneros: Drosophila, Dorsilopha y Sophophora, y tres grupos de especies: D. repleta, D. busckii y D. melanogaster, en cuatro comunas con características bióticas muy similares, una temperatura máxima de 23 °C y una humedad máxima de 85 %. Los hallazgos constituyen la primera evidencia de la coexistencia de tres drosofílidos en la zona urbana de Popayán.
Evaluation of Confounding Factors of Strain Sonoelastography in Patients With Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Moghadam Amin Momeni , Dehghan Pooneh , Ghiasi Fatemeh
Published: February 2022

Thyroid nodule elastography has been exceedingly used for the differentiation of benign and malignant nodules. Determination of confounding factors of the results of sonoelastography in thyroid nodules when assessing the probability of malignancy is an issue of importance, and this matter needs further research. In this study, the contributing factors to the results of strain sonoelastography in cases of thyroid nodules were assessed in order to help the clinicians for better management and decision making. In this diagnostic study in Taleghani Hospital, Tehran, Iran, in 2018 and 2019, a total of 92 consecutive patients with thyroid nodules were assessed by grayscale ultrasound and strain sonoelastogaphy, and the contributing factors to the results of sonoelastography were determined according to low and high malignancy probability elasticity scores. The results in this study demonstrated that there were 57 cases (62%) with low probability scores and 35 patients (38%) with high probability scores according to strain sonoelastogaphy. The patient’s age and nodule grayscale characteristics such as shape, echogenicity, margin, composition, size, and calcification were not related to sonoelastography results (P>0.05). This study showed that results of sonoelastography are not related to demographic factors and gray-scale sonographic features of the nodules.
Effect of Chloroquine on Hyoscine-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice: Possible Involvement of Opioids and Nitric Oxide
Authors: Mohammadi Parsa , Karimi Elaheh , Maleki Adeleh , Rahimi Nastaran , Fakhraei Nahid , Boroujeni Saina Saadat , Boroujeni Saina Saadat , Solaimanian Shahabaddin , Dehpour Ahmad reza
Published: February 2022

Supporting evidence suggests the possible neuroprotective potential of chloroquine, an anti-malaria medication. Moreover, reports indicate that endogenous opioids and nitric oxide (NO) play role of a mediator by chloroquine’s effects. In the present study, the effects of chloroquine on hyoscine-induced memory impairment were assessed. Furthermore, the possible involvements of opioids and NO were evaluated. Chloroquine was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) at doses of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 3, 10, and 20 mg/kg to hyoscine-treated (1 mg/kg, i.p.) mice, and the spatial and fear memories were evaluated using Y-maze and passive-avoidance tasks, respectively. Also, to provide further evidence about chloroquine’s mechanism of action, the opioid receptors and the NO production were blocked using two nonselective antagonist’s naltrexone and L-NAME, respectively. Chloroquine at doses of 0.5, 10, and 20 mg/kg furtherly damaged the impaired memory of hyoscine-treated mice and at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg impaired the memory of saline-treated mice in the passive avoidance task. Additionally, chloroquine at doses of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg improved the spatial memory in hyoscine-treated mice in the Y-maze test. In addition, naltrexone (3 mg/kg) reversed the neuroprotective effect of chloroquine (1 mg/kg) in hyoscine-treated mice in the Y-maze task. It could be concluded that chloroquine at low doses may improve cognitive performance by involving the opioid receptors; as a result, blocking the opioid receptors may reverse chloroquine’s neuroprotective effect. Notably, chloroquine at high doses did not improve the memory, and in combination with hyoscine, it caused even more damage to long-term memory.
Metabolic Syndrome in Overt and Subclinical Hypothyroidism Syrian Patients
Authors: Albishara Madeline , Hadid Lama , Haddad Shaden
Published: February 2022

Thyroid hormones have important functions in many metabolic pathways, including glucose and lipid metabolism, and may cause metabolic syndrome. Both hypothyroidism and metabolic syndrome are common in the Syrian population. This research was carried out to evaluate the incidence of the metabolic syndrome in two types of hypothyroidism and the effect of TSH levels on its occurrence. A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed of 91 overt hypothyroidism patients, 31 subclinical hypothyroidism patients without clinical symptoms, and 53 controls without thyroid disorders. We used the criteria for metabolic syndrome as per International Diabetes Federation (IDF) which are defined as central obesity depending on race- and gender-specific WC cutoffs(Waist circumference (WC)≥94 cm for male, WC≥80 cm for female) in addition to any two of the following four parameters: (Triglycerides level: ≥150 mg/dl (1.7 mmol/l) or history of treatment for TG abnormality, HDL cholesterol level: <40 mg/dl (1.03 mmol/l) in males and <50 mg/dl (1.29 mmol/l) in females or history of treatment for HDL cholesterol abnormality, high blood pressure: systolic BP ≥130 mm Hg or diastolic BP≥85mm Hg or on treatment for previously diagnosed hypertension and high FPG: ≥100 mg/dl or previously diagnosed type 2 Diabetes mellitus. In conclusion, our study showed a significant correlation between overt hypothyroidism and metabolic syndrome. It also revealed that a TSH level over 2.5 uIU‎/ml significantly increases the risk of metabolic syndrome.
The Effect of Ursodeoxycholic acid and N-acetyl cysteine on Lymphoblast Viability
Authors: Aycicek Ali , Tahtakesen Tuba Nur , Bayram Cengiz
Published: February 2022

Aim: To investigate invitro ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) effect on blast cell viability in children newly diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
Patients and Methods: Samples were obtained from 52 newly diagnosed ALL patients aged 1 to 17 years. UDCA and NAC were added at clinically relevant concentrations (0-300 micrograms) onto 5x10^5 cells treated at room temperature in a dark place. Untreated and treated cells were stained with 7-amino-actinomycin D (7AAD PE) and analyzed by flow cytometry
Results: Median (interquartile range; IQR) blast percentage and incubation time were 90% (11) and 18 (1.5) hours, respectively. The dead/live blast cells ratio (7AAD+) was lower in lymphoblasts treated with all NAC concentrations than untreated controls (P < 0.001). The use of NAC was noted to, regardless of concentration, contribute to lymphoblasts viability. On the contrary, the dead/live blast cells ratio in samples treated with UDCA at the abovementioned concentrations was relatively high, suggesting the protective role for both hepatotoxicities and against leukemia. However, the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05). There was also no correlation between different doses of UCDA and NAC regarding blast cell viability (P > 0.232).
Conclusion: The present study showed that in vitro NAC use had a protective effect on lymphoblast viability in newly diagnosed ALL patients before starting chemotherapy. Patient-derived ALL cells can be successfully analyzed ex vivo in a short and different period without loss of blasts.