bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Range of Pandemic Adjustments: Changes to Texas Heritage Site Business Operations during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Tamima Salvesila , Zavar Elyse , Lavy Brendan L. , Schumann Ronald L.
Published: March 2024

During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, heritage sites, which protect natural and cultural resources, experienced the dauting task of sustaining business operations during the pandemic while serving the public by preserving and conserving resources. These businesses undertook risk reduction measures, conceptualized as adjustments, to mitigate the spread of disease while maintaining business operations. By engaging with Gilbert White’s (1942) Adjustment Theory, this study examines the adjustments made by Texas heritage sites in response to emerging risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, we analyze adjustments made to reduce risk to visitors, financial stability, and programmatic offerings; explore the extent to which these adjustments facilitated sustainability, business expansion, and innovation; and identify what factors contributed to or hindered their recovery. This mixed-methods study employed an online survey and a follow-up semi-structured phone interview with heritage site managers. Our findings indicate Texas heritage sites implemented a range of fiscal and health related adjustments in response to the pandemic. Specific to fiscal adjustments, we found changes in visitors led to adjustments in business operations which also facilitated revenue generation for these entities. We also observed how new opportunities arose from the health adjustments in the form of remote offerings and new markets. Our findings emphasize the importance of adjustments made by heritage sites to continue their operations during the pandemic while also offering strategies to mitigate future risks.
Plant Immunity against Tobamoviruses
Authors: Zheng Xiyin , Li Yiqing , Liu Yule
Published: March 2024

Tobamoviruses are a group of plant viruses that pose a significant threat to agricultural crops worldwide. In this review, we focus on plant immunity against tobamoviruses, including pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), effector-triggered immunity (ETI), the RNA-targeting pathway, phytohormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and autophagy. Further, we highlight the genetic resources for resistance against tobamoviruses in plant breeding and discuss future directions on plant protection against tobamoviruses.
Accounting and control in ensuring effective management of a healthcare institution
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Russian Economic University named after G.V. Plekhanov”, Moscow, Russia, Tchaikovskaya L.A.
Published: March 2024

The modern healthcare system is so multidimensional and complex that it cannot be assessed in any single way. In addition to its main function — ensuring public health — there are a number of additional, not always obvious, but no less important areas. Therefore, its main functionality in practice is multiple and includes professional, economic, political, cultural, ethical, etc. Components. In this sense, the healthcare system is the most important consolidating mechanism of modern society, uniting the population in the face of the challenges of disease and mortality and largely determining many social value guidelines. This article is devoted to current issues of accounting and control in ensuring effective management of healthcare institutions. The following methods were used in the research: analysis and synthesis, comparison, grouping method, logical approach, systematic approach, method of analogies. As a result of the research, this article examined the features of accounting and control in ensuring the effective management of medical budgetary institutions, modern approaches to the management of budgetary institutions, directions in which planning can be carried out, etc. It is concluded that any budgetary medical institution inevitably faces the need to build effective and reliable management mechanisms. In turn, data from the planning process and the plans themselves can be used for management purposes. But in all cases, they represent the most important basis for making most management decisions, some of which cannot be made at all without the availability of forecast information and a set of planned actions. The results obtained in this work will be of interest to a wide range of readers and practitioners in the field of accounting and control, as well as the scientific community involved in health research. Also, the results reflected in this article can be used in the educational process of higher educational institutions and in the practical work of accounting departments of all modern organizations (including healthcare).
Development of methodological support for management accounting and analysis of the organization’s activities
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Plekhanov Russian University of Economics”, Moscow, Russia, Zubov D.A. , Plaskova N.S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Plekhanov Russian University of Economics”, Moscow, Russia
Published: March 2024

The current economic and geopolitical situation in the world sets many tasks for Russian organizations that must be solved. Interrupted supply chains, refusal of foreign banks to serve foreign subsidiaries of Russian organizations, embargoes and the import/export of certain goods and services are all relevant issues that must be analyzed and resolved by entrepreneurs in order to remain competitive in this difficult time. In this regard, the issue of introducing and developing management accounting, which in international practice has already managed to show itself as a very effective tool for managing and financial development of organizations, should be considered highly conditioned. Management accounting and analysis are tools for costs management which makes it possible to take a right management decision. However, it is impossible without having a complete, highly-qualify information about the current status of organization in the context of each individual component. Within the article, based on the critical analysis of native and foreign publications and methodical recommendations for management accounting and analysis organizing, clarified formulations of a number of concepts and terms are proposed, features of the formation of cost indicators within the framework of financial and management accounting are given, and the practical significance of budgeting for the purposes of managing operational activities is shown organizations.
The latest trends in family and demographic policy in Russia
Authors:   Department Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Ustinovich Elena Stepanovna
Published: March 2024

Despite the importance of many social institutions developed by society and the state related to upbringing and education, the family, like no other institution, undertakes the natural, natural and social mission of forming the personality of its child, its children, capable of becoming an active member of society and a citizen of their state in less than two decades of human life and state development. It is necessary to emphasize the special importance and significance of the family not only for society, but also for the state. This article examines the dynamics of marriage and divorce in Russia in various periods of its historical development, from 1950 to 2022 inclusive. The article shows the transformation of public relations in the formation of family and marriage relations over the past thirty years in Russia and the modern efforts of the state to increase the value of registered marriage as the basis of modern family and demographic policy. The modern trends and tendencies of legislative consolidation of the norms of encouragement of Russian families who have been married for a long time are shown. The study uses statistical data, visualized information, scientific articles by Russian researchers on topical issues and problems of family and demographic policy in Russia, media materials, speeches by Russian politicians and statesmen.
Small business and social partnership in resource saving economy
Authors:   Department of Economics, Management and Audit, Southwestern State University, Kulikov Mikhail Viktorovich
Published: March 2024

In the context of the development of a market economy, it becomes important to maintain the social orientation of enterprises. In order to achieve the goal of obtaining as much profit as possible, one should also take good care of human resources. As part of the implementation of social and labor relations, economic entities must pursue effective social policy, develop areas of social partnership, and maintain a stable socio-psychological climate in organizations. Resource saving sets itself the main goal of reducing production costs, which in the future should lead to lower costs. The use of resource-saving technologies is always associated with optimizing the use of various types of resources — from material, financial to human. For enterprises and small business organizations, this problem is especially relevant, since they are the most vulnerable in a market economy and competition. It is important that during all optimization processes the main directions of social partnership are preserved and that when personnel are reduced, social complications for the released workforce are minimized and the necessary social protection is provided. The issue of ensuring conditions for economic activity without losses is also of particular relevance, and therefore the unreasonable problem of underemployment in small businesses should be minimized. If there is a threat of staff reductions, laid-off workers should be guaranteed the preservation of their labor rights in full.
Economic and demographic factors of improving the standard of living of the population in the subject of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Institute of Economics and Management of the field of study «State and Munic-i pal Service» of the Kursk State University, Onishchuk Diana Andreevna
Published: March 2024

This article examines the problem of economic and demographic factors of improving the standard of living of the population in the subjects of Russia. It is known that Russia is a country of regions and they all have different levels of their socio-economic development. There are so-called donor regions and recipient regions in the country. Often, it depends on the economy of the region, its natural resource and extractive component. At the same time, the donor regions have rather modest demographic indicators of their own. However, the socio-economic well-being of the majority of the subjects of the Russian Federation directly depends on the demographic factor. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to identify these factors, their justification and explanation of their role in the development of the region. The article uses the author»s methodology, which includes various approaches to research, including political, economic, sociological, demographic and others. Among the research methods, the method of statistical data analysis should be highlighted as the main research method. General scientific methods of information analysis and synthesis, interpretation of the obtained data, and the descriptive method are also used. According to the results of the study, relevant conclusions and recommendations were made. The main factors influencing the socio-economic development of the subject of the Russian Federation are identified. The ways of influencing the demographic factor on the economy of the region are formulated.
QUESTIONNAIRE AS A MEANS OF DIAGNOSING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT IN A NON-STATE UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Moscow State University of Humanities and Economics, LITVINENKO I.L. ,   Moscow International Academy
Published: March 2024

The relevance of the study is determined by the importance of assessing the quality of educational management for the effective operation of educational institutions and achieving optimal learning outcomes. This article discusses the results of the application of one of the means of diagnosing the quality of educational management - a questionnaire in a non-state higher education institution. The survey was conducted among students of different levels of education: bachelor’s and master’s degrees, different areas of training, but the results indicate common problems of the quality of educational management and similar ways to solve them.
REFERENCE-NORMATIVE FUNCTION OF THE IMAGE OF PARIS IN THE NOVEL BY MARCEL PROUST "UNDER THE SHADOW OF GIRLS IN BLOOM"
Authors:   Bryansk State University. Academician I.G. Petrovsky, RUBAN A.A.
Published: March 2024

The article deals with the standard-normative function of the image of Paris in Marcel Proust’s novel «Under the Shadow of Girls in Bloom». Structural categories and the main conditions for the implementation of the function in the text reveal the narrator’s desire to convey the formation of new layers of the «Parisian myth». Even Parisian houses embody the signs of the “elegant style” of the turn of the century, reviving in the soul of Marseille a “single picture” of the elusive harmony of the space of the Spirit and the lost time.
THE FATE AND THE FREEDOM OF NATASHA KALYMOVA: THE TRAGEDY OF THE SR-MAXIMALISTS IN MA. OSORGIN'S NOVEL "WITNESS OF HISTORY”
Authors:   Southwest State University, STEPANOVA N.S. , LYMAR N.V. ,   Southwest State University
Published: March 2024

The article is devoted to the study ofM.A. Osorgin's understanding and comprehension of the problem of terrorism in the Russian liberation movement of the early 20th century on the material of the novel «Witness of History»; consideration of the image of the main character of the novel Natasha Kalymova and the evolution of her understanding of the problem of freedom; the study of the artistic expression of the idea of denying terrorism as an inhuman means of solving social and political problems. The relevance of the work is determined both by the subject of study itself (the phenomenon of freedom), which generates the alleged plurality of meanings and reflections, and by the search for new aspects of the study of the artistic space of the prose of the first wave of Russian emigration, the experience of solving the problem of freedom in Russian socio-political and literary thought of the early 20th century. The study is based on an integrated approach, including the use of historical-literary, biographical, cultural-historical, descriptive-analytical methods. It was established that M.A. Osorgin, well aware of the history of revolutionary terrorism in the Russian Empire and the fate of the prototypes of the heroes of his novel, rethought their life stories in accordance with his artistic goals. The evolution of the consciousness of the main character, her understanding of the phenomenon offreedom was studied and described. It was shown that the position of the author-narrator is convincingly expressed in the plot and compositional organization of the work, in the dynamics of circumstances, characters, searches of heroes and actualizes the axiological aspect of the perception of a literary text. It was proved that the novel clearly expresses the denial of both terror and violence, which bring neither solutions to social problems, nor personal happiness, and terrorism as an ideology.
RIDDLES-AKKITIDIVS AS A VARIETY OF ENIGMATIC DISCOURSE
Authors:   Academy of the FSO of Russia, STRUKOVA T.V. ,   Orel State University
Published: March 2024

The article presents an analysis of Russian literary poetic riddles with a sound rhymed prompt (riddles-consonances) published on the pages ofperiodicals of the late 18th-early 20th centuries. It has been established that the descriptive part of acciditive riddles is based on the principle of a language game, which determines the popularity of this genre in poetry for children’s reading. It is substantiated that the phenomena of the language game in enigmatic discourse should include riddles about the letters of the alphabet, the authors of which were such famous poets as A.P. Sumarokov, V.I. Maikov, P. Solovieva. A special place in the system of enigmatic genres is occupied by riddles of rhymes, focused on the children’s readership and having an educational, cognitive and heuristic orientation.
POETICS OF THE TITLES "THE SUN OF THE DEAD” I.S. SHMELEVA
Authors:   Central China Normal University, XUE CH.
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the article is to identify the artistic specifics of the titles in the «Sun of the Dead» by I.S. Shmelev. The key lexemes «the sun» and «the dead», combined in the title complex, correlate with the image of the distorted Crimean existence of the early 1920s, act as the leitmotives of the narrative, carry an apocalyptic eschatology. The literary context of the interpretation of the solar motif as a marker of morality (Homer, Dante, I. Babel, A. Shiryaevets, etc.) is given. The result of the research shows the correlation of the title of the story with the literary context, the solar mythology of life creation and mortality, expresses the idea of the duality of being, combines the plot-autonomous chapters into a complete work.
METHODOLOGY OF DESIGNING A COSTUMED DOLL IN THE WORKSHOP OF THE RUSSIAN TRADITIONAL COSTUME
Authors:   State University of Education, ALEXANDROVA O.YA. , GALKINA M.V. ,   State University of Education
Published: March 2024

The article describes the phenomenon of folk traditions as a source of formation of artistic and aesthetic culture of students of art and graphic faculties and possible ways of realizing its developing potential in the educational process. The article describes the stages of work on the project of a costumed doll. Folk traditions are the source of the formation of artistic and aesthetic culture of students of art and graphic faculties. The use of special methods of work on the project of a costumed doll makes it possible to increase the artistic and aesthetic culture of students of art and graphic faculties by means of step-by-step training and immersion in a creative research environment.
CRITERION-EVALUATION APPARATUS OF THE FORMATION OF MANAGERIAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE ECONOMISTS
Authors:   Moscow State University of Humanities and Economics, BABANOVA E.M. , MITYAEVA A.M. ,   Orel State University
Published: March 2024

The need for the formation of managerial competence of students of an economic profile is due to the importance of the professional development of graduates, since the activity of an economist in various fields of management requires high-quality management, which is built on knowledge, skills and abilities. The managerial competence of bachelors of economic specialties at the university will be defined as an integrated personal characteristic of future economists, characterized by the ability to solve managerial tasks in accordance with the goals set on the basis of formed personal qualities in the process of professional training at the university. To determine the level of formation of managerial competence of students of economic specialties, a criterion-evaluation apparatus has been developed, including motivational-value, cognitive-behavioral, social-communicative, professional-competence criteria, indicators and corresponding levels. For internal control of the level of formation of managerial competence, the author has developed an application based on the Android operating system “Social Quest”, which helps students to carry out self-diagnosis, get ready-made results and recommendations in which direction to move on.
PEDAGOGICAL FEATURES OF A.P. KISELEV'S TEXTBOOKS
Authors:   Bunin Yelets State University, BEBA D.N. , GUREEV V.A. ,   Bunin Yelets State University
Published: March 2024

The article examines the life and work of mathematician and educator A.P. Kiselev, whose textbooks were used in Russia for more than 50 years. Based on an analysis of Kiselev’s works, the key pedagogical features of his textbooks are identified, including rigorous presentation of material, scientific style, and a variety of practical exercises. Kiselev was among the first to introduce elements of mathematical analysis into secondary school mathematics curriculum. Kiselev’s textbooks defined the structure and content of school courses in arithmetic, algebra and geometry for many decades, and contributed to the systematization and unification of mathematical knowledge in secondary education. The author succeeded in combining fundamental mathematical knowledge with accessible presentation. His books embodied the principles of intra-subject (between arithmetic, algebra and geometry) and inter-subject (between teaching of mathematics, physics and drafting) continuity. A.P. Kiselev’s textbooks were in demand not only in the USSR, but also in other countries.
CRITERIA-ESTIMATED APPARATUS OF THEORETICAL MODEL OF FORMATION OF ENTREPRENEURIAL COMPETENCE OF MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors:   Orel State University, GEDULYANOV M.T.
Published: March 2024

This article describes the modeling of the formation of entrepreneurial competence of medical students. Educational programs for the training of medical students (on the example of the specialty “Dentistry”) within the framework approved by the order of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federationdated 12.08.2020 No. 984 of the Federal State Educational Standard of HE specialist in the specialty 31.05.03 “Dentistry” is based on the traditional model of theoretical courses. The purpose of the study is to analyze the criteria-evaluation apparatus of the developed model and the possibility of its implementation. In a medical university, a system of compactness and competencies formation is used. Currently, the author has explored the potential and practical aspects of introducing modeling tools into the learning process. The problem of the study is to find out the readiness of a medical university to implement a pedagogical model for the formation of entrepreneurial competence of students of medical universities. The result of the study will be an assessment of the expectations, attitudes and readiness of academic staff and students for the formation of entrepreneurial competence.
DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT AS A NEW METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORIES
Authors:   Orel State University, GREVTSEVA A.A. , ZUBOVA M.V. ,   Orel State University, SOROKA I.A. ,   Orel State University
Published: March 2024

Digitalization as one of the main trends in the development of modern culture, quite seriously affects the education system. It is becoming increasingly obvious that digital technologies play an important role both in school education and in the process of training future specialists in colleges and universities. Regulatory legal acts adopted at the federal level define the central role of digital educational technologies and the need to create a technological platform for the implementation of educational programs and improving the quality of distance learning. The article analyzes one of the main trends of modern education - digitalization, and assesses its implementation in the conditions of the national educational system.
FEATURES OF THE METHODS OF TEACHING FOREIGN LANGUAGE STUDENTS ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
Authors:   Orel State University, GRYADUNOVA E.N. , YAKUNINA M.A. ,   Orel State University, SEREBRENNIKOV A.D. ,   Orel State University
Published: March 2024

The article provides examples ofpractical recommendations for successful mastery of the engineering graphics course by foreign students. A methodology for conducting classes is proposed, aimed at increasing the academic performance and effectiveness of teaching students with poor command of the Russian language. An assessment was made of the perception of students in the preparatory department of engineering graphics classes.
USING COGNITIVE TASKS AND TASKS IN THE COURSE "PLANT PHYSIOLOGY”
Authors:   Orel State University, DEMYANKOV E.N. , MAKEEVA I.YU. ,   Orel State University, KUZMENKO YU.A. ,   Orel State University
Published: March 2024

The article discusses the potential of using one of the methods for increasing the cognitive activity of students - the task approach. The classification and examples of cognitive tasks and assignments that can be used in the study of subjects of the biological cycle at the university are given.
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE OF THE SUBJECT OF OBZH FOR THE FORMATION OF HIGH-QUALITY KNOWLEDGE IN THE FIELD OF EMERGENCY PROTECTION
Authors:   Orel State University, KOROL V.V. , PASHKOVA V.A. ,   Orel State University, DANSHINA N.A. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: March 2024

In the article, the authors consider the features of the educational resource of the subject of OBZH, which allows directing the cognitive activity of students to the awareness of personal and collective responsibility for their own and public safety. The authors emphasize that for the successful implementation of the main educational task, the specificity of the subject requires special qualities from the teacher, and not only compliance with the general professional standard. The article reveals the main feature of the subject of OBZH - integrativity, shows the role of interdisciplinary connections and the integration potential of the subject of OBZH for a deep understanding by students of the holistic picture of the modern world and the acquisition of the necessary skills to counteract the dangers generated in it. The positive side of using the elements of the modular system and interactive methods in the lessons of housing and communal services in the formation of high-quality knowledge in thefield of emergency protection is shown. Attention is focused on the importance of students’ awareness of the interrelation of phenomena in different dangerous situations and the activation of the need for purposeful independent activity in matters of improving the safe type of personality.
ENRICHING THE SPEECH OF OLDER PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WITH PHRASEOLOGICAL VOCABULARY
Authors:   Orel State University, MAKAROVA V.N. , STAVTSEVA E.A. ,   Orel State University
Published: March 2024

The article presents a brief analysis of studies in the field ofpreschool linguodidactics on the issues of enriching the speech of preschool children with figurative means of language, defines the concepts and theoretical foundations of the formation of phraseological vocabulary in preschool childhood. The description and results of experimental work on the study of the peculiarities of understanding and use of phraseological units in speech by preschool children, the content and methodological aspects of educational work with elder preschoolers on their assimilation ofphraseological units are presented. Based on the results obtained, the conditions for the successful enrichment of the speech of elder preschool children with phraseological vocabulary are determined.
"DIGITAL GENERATION": SOME EDUCATIONAL ASPECTS OF A PROBLEM
Authors:   North-Caucasus State Academy, NAPSO M.D.
Published: March 2024

The article discusses issues related to the phenomenon of the «digital generation», reveals its main characteristics. Attention is drawn to the concepts of «digital migrant» and «digital aborigine», their comparative analysis is given, the processes of their socialization and adaptation to the changing social and educational context are traced. The features of the influence of the virtual-real educational environment on the formation of generation Z. Some educational aspects of the problem are investigated, attention is drawn to the positive and negative sides of digitalization of education. The contradictory nature of the impact of digital tools on the consciousness and behavior of students is shown. The concept of digital literacy is considered, the need for digital literacy by participants of the educational process, teachers - first of all, is emphasized. The relevance of digital competencies in modern education, the importance of a rational combination of traditional methods and media resources in the learning process is emphasized.
MODERN METHODS OF HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT IN SECONDARY VOCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Orel State University, PETRUKHINA E.V. , DUDINA E.V. ,   Orel State University, BATISHCHEVA L.N. ,   Orel State University
Published: March 2024

The article discusses modern methods of human resources development in secondary vocational institutions. The high importance of the development of professionalism of teaching staff is noted, which directly affects the quality training of future specialists of various specialties who will be able to find their place at the enterprises of the country, will competently perform their work and develop professionally.
INCLUSION OF VOLUNTEER ACTIVITY IN THE EDUCATIONAL WORK AS A CONDITION FOR THE PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF FUTURE TEACHERS-DEFECTOLOGISTS
Authors:   Orel State University, SAMARTSEVA E.G. , CHARKINA N.V. ,   Orel State University
Published: March 2024

The article substantiates the upbringing and educational potential of the inclusion of students in the specialty «Special (defectological) education» in volunteer activity. The involvement of students as volunteers in educational organizations is considered as one of the conditions for their professional development. The experience offuture teachers-defectologists and speech therapists’ participation in volunteer counseling of children with disabilities in educational organizations is presented.
AFANASY FET, IVAN BUNIN, AND THE COW DEATH: THE PLOUGHING RITE IN THE ORYOL PROVINCE (ETHNOGRAPHIC AND ZOOANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECTS)
Authors:   Vyatka State University, KORSHUNKOV V.A.
Published: March 2024

This paper is based on the brief descriptions (in the memoirs of Afanasy Fet and in the prose of Ivan Bunin) of the ancient plowing rite (“opakhivanie”) in the Oryol province. The rite was carrying out with deadly diseases of livestock. Attention is paid to the zooanthropological aspect of this rite - the attitude of the Russian peasantry in the 19th century towards cats and dogs.
THE ACTUAL ISSUES OF COUNTERING THE IDEOLOGY OF EXTREMISM AND TERRORISM IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors:   Orel State University, SVECHNIKOVA S.V. , ZHIDKOVA O.V. ,   Orel State University
Published: March 2024

This article examines issues of building a comprehensive system of countering the ideology of extremism and terrorism in educational institutions, education of patriotism and citizenship. The possibility of creating an atmosphere of intolerance to extremist ideas within the framework of educational, research and educational activities is analyzed in this work.
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT FOR PROFESSIONALLY ORIENTED MATHEMATICAL ACTIVITIES OF FUTURE BUILDERS WHILE STUDYING AT A UNIVERSITY
Authors:   Orel State University, SELYUTIN V.D. , CHUYAKO E.B. ,   Maykop State Technological University
Published: March 2024

The problem of improving the professional training of future builders in the aspect of mastering professionally oriented mathematical activities is considered. The elements of the methodical system of teaching mathematics to students of construction areas of training, developed on the basis of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education, are presented.
THE REGIONAL VACUUM OF OFFICIAL ABUSES AND METHODS OF ITS MAINTENANCE AMONG THE SMALLHOLDERS OF СENTRALСHERNOZEM REGION FROM THE MIDDLE OF XVII-TH TO THE MIDDLE OF XIX-TH CENTURIES
Authors:   Kursk Academy of State and Municipal Service, KUDLANOV K.B.
Published: March 2024

In this article, the author examines the manifestation of such a phenomenon in smallholders life as a vacuum of regional abuses, which prevented not only the correct implementation of local laws by honest officials, but also the decisions of higher authorities. This vacuum was maintained by the following methods. Firstly, the very fame of the low efficiency of the courts, secondly, the physical punishment of those who seek justice, and thirdly, significantfinancial costs for suing and complaining. Using the vacuum parasitized on such natural processes as the slowness of the administrative system, the strictness of the hierarchy of regional power and strong social ties between officials and the upper classes. However, everything voiced in its totality met a worthy opponent in the face of the one-courtyard people, with their militant mentality, education and active judicial-complaint initiative.
PARTY AGITATION BEFORE THE ELECTIONS TO THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY IN 1917 BY THE EXAMPLE OF VORONEZH PROVINCE
Authors:   Voronezh Regional Museum of Local Lore, NAZARENKO E.YU.
Published: March 2024

In the article on the materials of leaflets published in the Voronezh Governorate, the features of pre-election campaigning before the elections to the Constituent Assembly in November 1917 were studied. Materials of both socialistic (Socialist-Revolutionaries, Bolsheviks) and liberal (Cadets, as well as the little-known Union of Landowners) parties and movements. As a result of this analysis, characteristic features that distinguished the style of communication of different political forces with the electorate were discovered and recorded.
SOBER SOCIETIES OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY AND THEIR IMPACT ON SOCIAL LIFE IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE
Authors:   Federal Guard Service Academy, ORLOV A.S. , BORYAK A.O. ,   Federal Guard Service Academy
Published: March 2024

This paper examines the development ofthefirst sober societies in the Russian Empire, their influence on the worldview ofpeasant communities and the way of life. The relevance of the topic is due to the still high alcohol consumption in our country. The article raises the problem of the influence of alcohol on the socio-cultural and economic life of the state, and also considers ways to solve it. The result of the state’s policy in the field of distilling is the formation of temperance societies.
THE PROBLEM OF HOLOCAUST REVISIONISM AT THE END OF THE XX-XXI CENTURIES
Authors:   Orel State University, SVECHNIKOVA S.V. , KULAKOVA K.A. ,   Orel State University
Published: March 2024

This article examines the theory of Holocaust revisionism, the problems associated with the spread of revisionist ideas, attempts to counter the deniers. Particular attention is paid to the dangers of popularizing the theory, analyzing the possibilities of the process of criminalizing the Holocaust.
THE ROLE OF RASKOLNIKOV'S MONOLOGUE IN REVEALING HIS PSYCHOLOGY (BASED ON THE F.M. DOSTOEVSKY'S NOVEL "CRIME AND PUNISHMENT")
Authors:   Orel State Institute of Culture, AKIMOVA N.V.
Published: March 2024

The article traces the evolution of the internal monologue as a means of revealing the depths of the spiritual life of the protagonist in Dostoevsky’s novel Crime and Punishment. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that the role of the internal monologue is explored depending on the Christian views of the novelist.It is noted that the evolution of the internal monologue is due to a change in the moral and psychological state of the hero and the surrounding reality. However, the novelist believed that a person is determined not only by character, current life circumstances, but also by free will, which can destroy their logic, the laws of psychology and become a resurrection into a new life. The internal monologue becomes the leading means of artistic and psychological analysis in the novel, when the hero chooses self-will, empties his heart and plunges into the element of rationality. Thus, the hero becomes a person of the «environment» and lends himself to a partial psychological explanation.
EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS OF LIBERAL POLITICAL PARTIES OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY: UNITY OF VIEWS AND FUNDAMENTAL DIFFERENCES
Authors:   Orel State University, VORONKOVA I.E. , KHABALEVA E.N. ,   Orel State University
Published: March 2024

The article analyzes the views of representatives of the liberal political parties of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the XX century - cadets and octobrists - on the Russian education system. Despite the similarities in the proposed educational programs - both parties advocated the introduction of universal education in the country and the need to raise the literacy rate of the population, the specific measures for the implementation of these programs differ significantly. A comprehensive analysis of the key attitudes of party members on the development of education in Russia revealed the unity of views and the fundamentalfeatures of the differences between the educational concepts of the cadet and octobrist parties.
NAMES AND IMAGES IN THE STORY "AMENА” BY A.K. TOLSTOY
Authors:   Bryansk State Academician I.G. Petrovsky University, PRONCHENKO S.M.
Published: March 2024

The article reveals the originality of the onomastic space and the figurative system of the fantastic novel “Amena” by A.K. Tolstoy: the specifics of the poetonimikon, the participation of the names and images of the characters in the development of the plot, modeling the Gothic chronotope, forming a retrospective of the text, and embodying the ideological and thematic originality of the work. The names and images of the story express the motive of duality, the author’s concept of romantic bigamy, play a key role in shaping the idea of the idiostyle of the early romantic prose of A.K. Tolstoy.
Taşıyanın Gemiyi Denize Elverişli Bulundurma Yükümlülüğünün İhlâli Ve Denize Elverişsizliğe İlişkin İspat Yükünün Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Oyal Ahmet Batuhan
Published: March 2024

Taşıyanın gemiyi denize elverişli hâlde bulundurma yükümlülüğü gerek Türk Ticaret Kanunu’nda gerekse Alman Ticaret Kanunu’nda özel olarak düzenlenmiştir. Türk hukukunda taşıyan, her türlü navlun sözleşmesinde geminin denize elverişsizliği nedeniyle meydana gelen zararlardan kural olarak sorumludur, ancak tedbirli bir taşıyanın harcamakla yükümlü olduğu dikkat ve özen göstermekle beraber, denize elverişsizliğe neden olan eksikliği yolculuğun başlangıcına kadar keşfetmesinin mümkün olmadığını ispat ederek söz konusu sorumluluğundan kurtulabilir. Alman hukukunda 25.04.2013 tarihinde yürürlüğe giren Deniz Ticareti Hukuku Reformu Kanunu’yla Alman Ticaret Kanunu’nun deniz ticaretine ilişkin hükümleri kısmen yeniden düzenlenmiştir. Yapılan değişiklikler sonrasında taşıyanın geminin denize elverişli hâlde bulundurmakla yükümlü olduğu öngörülmüştür. Ancak bu yükümlülüğün ihlâlinin yaptırımı meydana gelen zarar türlerine ve navlun sözleşmesinin türlerine göre farklı şekilde düzenlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada her iki hukuk düzeninde denize elverişliliğe ilişkin düzenlemeler incelenecek ve ayrıca doktrinde ve yargı kararlarında kabul edilen esaslar üzerinden denize elverişsizliğin ispatı üzerinde durulacaktır.
Broiler production from the perspective of emergy analysis - environmental impact scenarios
Authors: KUCZUK ANNA , POSPOLITA JANUSZ
Published: March 2024

Poultry meat consumption is a significant element in Poland's overall food consumption. Economic considerations mean that both nationally and globally, conventional intensive rearing dominates. Nevertheless, environmental and health aspects or the will to treat animals humanely make pro-environmental rearing systems increasingly common. The purpose of this article is an environmental analysis of an example farm engaged in intensive rearing of slaughtered poultry (so-called baseline production). For the analysed production, the following scenarios of changes were proposed: (a) conventional rearing based on the use of own fodder, and (b) organic rearing using free range and own organic fodder. An emergy approach was applied in this analysis. Comparison of different production systems using emergy analysis made it possible to show the scale of environmental resource commitment for baseline and scenario-based productions, and to determine the amount of renewable and non-renewable emergy consumed per unit of production. Through the use of selected emergy indicators, e.g.: Environmental Loading Ratio (ELR), Emergy Yield Ratio (EYR), the environmental impact for each case was determined. For the ecological system scenario, the need to change production parameters (stocking rate, maximum poultry house area, free range) was taken into account. The results of the emergy-based indicators showed that the baseline production places the greatest burden on the environment and is the least sustainable. The organic system is the opposite; however, due to production limitations and the lower production efficiency achieved, it may not be economically viable to orient a farm exclusively to the organic system. In an environmental assessment, the information obtained can provide valuable guidance to agricultural producers. They can help make informed decisions on natural resource management to achieve environmental security. The results are also important for political decision-makers in creating policies for more sustainable agricultural production. The results obtained are discussed, pointing out the importance of the analysis used mainly from an environmental point of view.
Modelo de evaluación de formación humanista con competencias académicas para la modalidad virtual
Authors: Silva-Vera Francisco Roberto , Sánchez-Chero Manuel Jesús
Published: March 2024

Este estudio se basó en la valoración del modelo de evaluación de formación humanista con competencias académicas para la modalidad virtual. Para ello, se empleó de principio, una metodología de análisis documental mediante el método PRISMA y, luego, se acudió a una metodología proyectiva sustentada en una propuesta derivada de la revisión documental previa. La muestra estuvo constituida por 15 artículos de Scielo y Redalyc. Los resultados permitieron presentar una propuesta metodológica de evaluación por competencia, donde se tomó en cuenta el paradigma socio- formativo y humanista. Como conclusión, se pudo determinar que, mediante dicha propuesta, se pudieron abordar los siguientes bloques: formación humana, competencia, académico y sumativo.
Programa “sembrando vida” en la conciencia ambiental en estudiantes de primaria
Authors: Álvarez-Córdova Cruz-del-Rosario , García-Nizama Ponce , Guerra-Castellanos Yetzy Beatriz
Published: March 2024

Esta investigación se planteó como objetivo general determinar la efectividad del Programa denominado “Sembrando Vida” para la transformación de la conciencia ambiental en estudiantes de primaria. La metodología del estudio consistió en un diseño cuasi experimental, con una muestra de 43 estudiantes. Inicialmente los resultados en el pre test evidenciaron el nivel de conciencia ambiental, con prevalencia media, para el grupo experimental y control; pero en el post test, el nivel se incrementó en el grupo experimental al 60%. Se evidenció mayor desarrollo en la dimensión cognitiva y conativa de la conciencia ambiental en dicho grupo. Se concluyó, por ende, que el programa “Sembrando Vida” fue eficaz con incremento en todas las dimensiones, pero los incrementos significativos de la conciencia ambiental solo fueron en las dimensiones cognitiva y conativa; debiendo mejorar la dimensión afectiva y activa.
The Attitudes of Czech Teachers Towards the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Schools
Authors: Zormanová Lucie
Published: March 2024

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research study was to find out the subjective feelings of Czech teachers regarding the introduction of artificial intelligence into schools.

THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The following research questions follow from the research objective: Are Czech teachers worried about the introduction of artificial intelligence into schools? Do Czech teachers see artificial intelligence as a tool that will help them? Do Czech teachers have experience with the use of artificial intelligence? What experience do teachers have with artificial intelligence? To achieve the research objective and answer the research questions, the in-depth interview method with primary and secondary school teachers was used.

THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The first part of the article discusses the concept of artificial intelligence. The second part discussed the use of artificial intelligence in Czech schools. The third part presents the results of a research study was to find out the subjective feelings of Czech teachers regarding the introduction of artificial intelligence into schools.

RESEARCH RESULTS: As part of the research, it was found that some teachers are concerned about the advent of artificial intelligence and its use in education, especially that students will “misuse” AI to cheat and plagiarize. Most teachers see the application of artificial intelligence in schools as inevitable and realize that it is their task to teach students to use AI effectively. Teachers are also aware that with the implementation of AI into schools, the teaching system will also have to change.

CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND APPLICABLE VALUE OF RESEARCH: We can expect that teachers will consider artificial intelligence as a tool that helps them and makes their work easier. A big impetus will be the integration of artificial intelligence into tools that teachers commonly work with, such as Office 365 or Google Workspace.
Znaczenie kompetencji miękkich w procesie dostosowań rynku pracy do wymagań rewolucji 4.0
Authors: Stanuch Marcin , Gorzelany – Dziadkowiec Magdalena , Smutek Halina
Published: March 2024

CEL NAUKOWY: Celem artykułu jest poszerzenie wiedzy dotyczącej istoty i znaczenia kompetencji miękkich w procesie dopasowania zawodowego w warunkach rewolucji 4.0. na przykładzie sektora IT w wybranych krajach europejskich.

PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: W badaniu skupiono się na próbie określenia potencjalnych cech przyszłego pracownika w aspekcie wymagań rewolucji 4.0. W badaniu, które miało miejsce w dniach 11–12 kwietnia 2023 roku, zostało przeanalizowanych łącznie 1870 ofert o pracę pobranych z międzynarodowego serwisu LinkedIn dla pięciu europejskich krajów.

PROCES WYWODU: W artykule wskazano na zmiany, jakie niesie ze sobą rewolucja 4.0 w zarządzaniu zasobami ludzkimi, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zmian zachodzących w profilu kompetencyjnym pracownika. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na wzrost znaczenia kompetencji miękkich. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej kwerendy literatury przedmiotu oraz wyników badań własnych pod- jęto próbę identyfikacji kluczowych cech, istotnych z punktu widzenia rynku pracy, które wpływają na kryteria doboru zawodowego w branży IT.

WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Przeprowadzone badania wykazały, że najbardziej pożądany- mi kompetencjami miękkimi w wybranych zawodach IT są: komunikatywność pozwalająca na łatwość nawiązywania kontaktu z drugą osobą oraz motywacja do pracy. Na trzecim miejscu wskazano kreatywność.

WNIOSKI, REKOMENDACJE I APLIKACYJNE ZNACZENIE WPŁYWU BADAŃ: Badacze zwracają uwagę na fakt, że dla wypracowania skutecznej polityki personalnej ważna jest współpraca menedżerów mających świadomość rzeczywistych potrzeb organizacji w zakresie kompetencji wymaganych od pracowników oraz działów HR, aby opracować rozwiązanie problemu niedoborów zasobów pracy spowodowanych przez Przemysł 4.0.