bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TECHNICAL UNITY IN ANCIENT ARAB CRITICISM UNTIL THE END OF THE FOURTH CENTURY AH
Authors: SUFI AHMED
Published: December 2020

he concept of artistic unity, in Ancient Arabic criticism, is achieved through the smallest unity. This is expressed through the poetic verse, which is meaningfully and rhythmically a unit that possess its own integrity. Thus, this makes it separate from the poem. However, this separation becomes a connection when it participates with other verses to build the poem. So, we may argue that this unity creates a separation on the level of the poetic line. On the other hand, it also forges connection on the level of the poem as a whole, and its causality with its neighboring verses. And through the numerous objects of the poem, the article "Unity" achieves by what was named Hosn AL kharoj to give a good connection to the point of assemblage of these objects. Keywords: Unity of the Poetic Verse, Unity of the Arabic Poem
IERAB THLATHYN SWRTAN WAYT ALKRSY MIN ALQURAN LIMAHABI ALDIYN MUHAMAD BIN KHALIL ALBUSRAWY (889 H) DIRASAT FI ALMUNAHAJ WALMADMUN
Authors: AL-RAWI NAWFAL , ALODNI ABDUWAHHAB
Published: December 2020

The nature of the research required that it be based on three studies. The first topic dealt with the al-Basrawi book among books: The translation of the Qur’an after making a complete glossary in the scholarly’s books on the translation of the Qur’an with another glossary in which we showed who had a special book in the translation of the whole or part of the Qur’an or a number of its surahs or verses. Then we showed the place of the book Al Basrawi among this group of books, The second topic is devoted to studying the method of composition based on the abbreviation that is consistent with his educational goal for which he wrote his book, and among the methodological phenomena in his book: phonological and dialectical analysis, rooting the linguistic root, attention to derivation, morphological analysis of vocabulary, warning about the attachment of courses, and exposure to the issue of disagreement Grammar, Grammatical Terms and Evidence, the third topic it was devoted to the book’s sources, that is, the sources from which its scientific material was transferred. We abbreviate referred to it in a special table with a study of how to transfer from it and methods of taking from it, Thus, we have fulfilled the right of the book in our study methodology and content, God bless. Keywords: Visual, Parsing, Method.
ANALYSIS OF KNOWLEDGE SHARING PRACTICES IN DISTRIBUTED AGILE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: GUPTA NISHA , BAJWA JAGPUNEET KAUR
Published: December 2020

Knowledge plays a key role in the software development process. Knowledge is necessarily required at all the phases of software development life cycle. Knowledge is the core resource, so organizations are now attempting to manage it in more efficient and systematic way. Knowledge sharing plays a very important role in the successful development of software. Knowledge sharing in distributed agile team is helpful in achieving the goals like better quality of products delivered on time and at lower cost. Our research analyzes the knowledge sharing practices in distributed environment and found the best implicit and explicit knowledge sharing practices.
DIGITISED HUMAN LIFE FORM ISOMORPHIC ALGORITHM
Authors: MOHANAN T. , MOHANATHAN V. , JEEVANANDHAM D. , SARAVANAN I.
Published: December 2020

ISOs are "isomorphic algorithms", which are life forms that emerged-- unplanned--from the artificial environment of the grid.Isomorphic Algorithms (better known as ISOs) are a race of programs that spontaneously evolved on the Grid, as opposed to being created by users. ISOs differ from standard programs with distinctions in their appearance and capabilities, but where they are truly unique is in their code base. While regular programs conform to the rigid structure defined by their users, ISOs have evolved, complete with a genetic code of sorts.. This inner structure of their code has allowed ISOs to develop beyond the capabilities of regular programs.. These miraculous algorithms had the capacity to evolve and change and grow at tremendous rates utilizing genetic algorithms, whereas normal programs that were intentionally written by users could only change slowly in anticipated fashions. What's REALLY important about the isomorphic algorithms id, it is revealed that indeed programs can escape the grid into the real world, essentially raising questions of what is life, sentience, the soul, etc. that humanity is no longer confined to humans, but has essentially arisen out of our digital dust and the real and digital world can become interchangeable This kind of human life form is made possible for ISOs because of digital DNA and object recognition which is made possible in isomorphic algorithms.. In this paper we aregoing to describe how an algorithm can be emergedinto human life form.
EYEGAZE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Authors: MADHAV SHASHANK , CHIPTE GAURAV , GADDAMWAR PRANOTI
Published: December 2020

The Eyegaze System is a communication and control system for people with complex physical disabilities. You run the system with your eyes. By looking at control keys disabled on a screen, a person can synthesize speech, control his environment (lights, appliances, etc.), type, operate a telephone, run computer software, operate a computer mouse, and access the Internet and e-mail. Eyegaze Systems are being used to write books, attend school and enhance the quality of life of people with disabilities all over the world.
STUDY ON IMPROVEMENT IN RSA ALGORITHM AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: SAVEETHA P. , ARUMUGAM S.
Published: December 2020

The Network Security means to protect data during their transmission over channel of networks similarly Internet Security also to protect data during their transmission over a collection of interconnected networks in all over the world. Cryptography is the way of hiding information during transmission over a cannel. There are lots of cryptographic algorithms available to protect our data from intruders.RSA also one of effective the public key cryptographic algorithm which needs time and memory. Many research papers submitted on this cryptographic algorithm. Each paper has different perspective.
Pengaruh Harga Produk dan Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Kitchen Outlet Berbasis Online di Wilayah Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Haudi Haudi , Wijoyo Hadion , Sunarsi Denok
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh harga produk dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan Kitchen outlet berbasis online di Wilayah Tangerang Selatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research dengan teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini harga produk berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan sebesar 40,4%, uji hipotesis diperoleh t hitung > t tabel atau (8,061 > 1,985). Kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan sebesar 50,8%, uji  hipotesis diperoleh t hitung > t tabel atau (9,951 > 1,985). Harga produk dan kualitas pelayanan secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan dengan persamaan regresi Y = 9,390 + 0,281X1 + 0,490X2 dan kontribusi pengaruh sebesar 56,2%, uji hipotesis diperoleh F hitung > F tabel atau (60,957 > 2,770).
Pengaruh Rasio Liquiditas dan Solvabilitas terhadap Liquiditas pada PT. Mahkota Perkasa di Cibitung
Authors: Bachtiar Ardi
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Rasio Liquiditas dan Solvabilitas Terhadap Profitabilitas pada PT. Mahkota Perkasa di Cibitung. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research dengan sampel sebanyak 10 tahun laporan keuangan. Teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini Current Ratio berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return on Asset sebesar 18,7%, uji hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,040 < 0,05. Debt to Asset Ratio berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return on Asset sebesar 57,6%, uji  hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,011 < 0,05. Current Ratio dan Debt to Asset Ratio secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Return on Asset sebesar 68,1%, uji hipotesis diperoleh signifikansi 0,018 < 0,05.
Pengaruh Motivasi, Lingkungan Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru SMP/MTs Muhammadiyah
Authors: Sofyan Soleh , Prasada Dodi , Akbar Irfan Rizka
Published: December 2020

Latar belakang dan tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh motivasi,lingkungan kerja dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja guru SMP/Mts Muhammadiyah Cabang Sawangan baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah guru yang mengajar di SMP/Mts Muhammadiyah Cabang Sawangan sebanyak 94 orang. Sampel yang digunakan adalah sampel jenuh. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode kuesioner (angket) dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan bantuan software SPSS 22. Teknik  analisis data yang digunakan diantaranya uji validitas dan reliabiloitass, uji asumsi klasik, uji hipotesis, analisis regresi linier sederhana dan regresi berganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari uji hipotesis secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa motivasi memiliki pengaruh sebesar 41,9 %, lingkungan kerja sebesar 31,9 % sedangkan kepuasan kerja sebesar 51,5 %. Adapun persamaan regresi linier berganda Ῡ = 9,750 + 0,292 X1 + 0,154 X2 + 0,566 X3. Dengan menggunakan bantuan SPSS 22 hasil uji hipotesis uji F menunjukkan F hitung = 52,703 ( F table ) dengan nilai signifikansi = 0,000 < 0,05 yang berarti Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,637 yang bererti 63,7 % kinerja guru SMP/Mts Muhammadiyah Cabang Sawangan dipengaruhi oleh Motivasi, Lingkungan kerja dan Kepuasan kerja, sedangkan sisanya di pengaruhi oleh variabel lain.
Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Mobile Panduan Wisata Kota Palopo Menggunakan Augmented Reality Berbasis Location Service
Authors: Syam Khaidir Mubarak Putra , Asdiany Diah
Published: December 2020

Aplikasi ini menggunakan teknologi Augmented Reality (AR), Global Positioning System (GPS), dan sensor, serta memanfaatkan Google Maps API untuk menampilkan peta. Data tempat dan object lain di dapat dari database aplikasi. Data petunjuk arah jalan di dapat dari Google maps dengan menggunakan Google Maps Parameter. Dalam aplikasi ini terdapat beberapa fitur yang dapat membantu user seperti fitur get position, dan get direction.
Pengaruh Pelatihan dan Motivasi terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Lion Mentari Airlines Bandara Internasional Soekarno Hatta Cengkareng
Authors: Sarwani Sarwani , Akbar Irfan Rizka , Handoko Agus Leo , Ilham Dodi
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan dan motivasi terhadap produktiivitas kerja karyawan pada PT. Lion Mentari Airlines Bandara Internasional Soekarno Hatta Cengkareng. Metode yang digunakan adalah explanatory research dengan teknik analisis menggunakan analisis statistik dengan pengujian regresi, korelasi, determinasi dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini pelatihan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktiivitas kerja karyawan sebesar 37,8%, uji hipotesis diperoleh t hitung > t tabel atau (6,184 > 1,998). Motivasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktiivitas kerja karyawan sebesar 51,6%, uji  hipotesis diperoleh t hitung > t tabel atau (8,199 > 1,998). Pelatihan dan motivasi secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap produktiivitas kerja karyawan dengan persamaan regresi Y = 6,954 + 0,307X1 + 0,530X2 dan kontribusi pengaruh sebesar 60,4%, uji hipotesis diperoleh F hitung > F tabel atau (47,275 > 2,750).
Chronic corticosteroid use causing insidious suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis with acute decompensation: A case of iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency
Authors: Gonzales Lorenzo
Published: December 2020

Glucocorticoids are used to treat many medical conditions commonly encountered in clinical practice; and is associated with many well-known adverse effects. Iatrogenic suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis occurs commonly with all forms of corticosteroids and may be easily missed. We present the case of a 62-year-old patient who presented with non-specific symptoms of: malaise, fatigue, anorexia, anaemia, and weight loss following an elective orthopaedic surgery. After receiving packed red cells, the patient did not have significant symptomatic improvement. A short corticotropin stimulation test confirmed hypoadrenalism, and the patient improved following a therapeutic trial of hydrocortisone. It was later discovered that the patient was receiving regular intra-articular corticosteroid for osteoarthritis from a private family practitioner. This case highlights the importance of searching for potential iatrogenic corticosteroid exposure in high risk patients; and having a low index of suspicion for hypoadrenalism in patients with non-specific symptoms that cannot be otherwise explained. Early recognition of hypoadrenalism can be lifesaving, especially during periods of physiological stress.
The prevalence of pain among adult patients attending outpatient clinics in Trinidad
Authors: Hariharan Seetharaman , Chen Deryk , Sampath Candice , Pundit Valishti , Dhanai Akash , Blackett Louanna , Franklyn Kionne , Henry Schneida , Rochester Kaisha , Siwawa Gosiame
Published: December 2020

Objectives
To determine the prevalence of pain among adult patients attending outpatient clinics in Trinidad and the factors associated with the higher prevalence of chronic pain.

Methods
A direct face-to face survey was conducted in adult patients of the medical and surgical outpatient clinics of the major hospitals. Data recorded included demographics, clinical information. A Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NRS) was used to quantify the intensity of pain. Patient perceptions regarding the chronic pain was captured by a 6-item questionnaire in a 5-point Likert Scale.

Results
A total of 621 adult patients were studied. Overall, acute pain was prevalent in 13% and chronic pain in 56% of the outpatients. Majority of the patients ranked their pain severity as 8 and 10 on the NRS. Pain was commonly affecting back and lower limbs. Older age, female gender, East Indian ethnicity and surgical conditions predisposed to higher prevalence of pain. Although 90% of the patients were treated with analgesics, 33% were dissatisfied with the management. More than 80% of patients felt that their chronic pain affected their quality of life and 64% felt it caused financial burden in their life.

Conclusion
The prevalence of pain is high in adult Trinidadian outpatients. Pain was of severe intensity, commonly affected the back and lower limbs. Many patients were not satisfied with their current treatment. There is a need for establishing pain clinics in the public healthcare system of Trinidad & Tobago.
The global challenge of ageing population – Part II: the impact on health services, and the optimum healthcare strategy for older patients
Authors: Sammy Ian , Paul Joanne , Ramnarine Arvind , Ramdhanie Joseph
Published: December 2020

Objectives: Analysis of data from the World Health Organization over the past 50 years, has demonstrated a transition towards population ageing globally. This has a significant impact on acute care services as well as on the approach to patient care in the acute setting. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was undertaken using Medline, CINAHL and the Cochrane Database, supplemented by manual searches of the literature, and further guided by the reference lists of relevant papers identified in the electronic search. No restriction was placed on the type of paper to be included in the study. Results: The initial electronic search of the three databases included 239 papers, of which 87 were found to be relevant and included in this review. Among the papers included were those which described the unique challenges posed by the ageing population, proposed modifications to the delivery of health services and recommended adaptations in the approach to older patients in the acute care setting. Conclusion: Population ageing is a significant global phenomenon, affecting both developed and developing regions of the world. More work is needed, particularly in the developing world, to better understand the impact of ageing on our population.
A literature review of drugs for the treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Clement Yuri , Jankie Satish , Pooransingh Shalini , Ignacio Diane , Reid Avril , Sampson-Francis Shurla , Giddings Stanley , Watson Harold
Published: December 2020

Objectives: To review the published evidence of repurposed drugs, antivirals and biologics for the treatment of COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A literature review was conducted in several databases and research portals. Search terms included COVID-19, SARS-Cov-2, MERS, MERS-CoV, SARS, SARS-CoV, coronavirus, beta-coronavirus, influenza, pneumonia and several drugs considered for use in COVID-19. Results: There is a paucity of clinical evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of most agents being considered for the treatment of COVID-19. However, based on promising preliminary research the US Food and Drugs Administration has authorized the emergency use of hydroxychloroquine and remdesivir for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. To date, the most robust evidence for lopinavir-ritonavir (LPV/r) found that it was no better than standard care. Overwhelming evidence suggests that corticosteroids increase mortality, nosocomial infections and lengthen hospitalization in SARS and MERS patients, and should be used cautiously in patients with severe respiratory symptoms. Additionally, low level evidence suggests that tocilizumab may be useful to reduce the cytokine storm precipitated by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Conclusions: Hydroxychloroquine and remdesivir have surged to the front of the race to repurpose drugs in the fight against COVID-19. With hundreds of ongoing trials it is envisaged that indisputable evidence would be provided for prophylactic and therapeutic use of drugs and biologics within the next few months. However, in our setting it would be worthwhile to consider the availability and accessibility of some of these agents.
A Pilot Study to Delineate Factors Contributing to Multi-Drug Resistant Organism (MDRO) Outbreak and Control at the Sangre Grande Hospital
Authors: Nagassar Rajeev , Bridgelal-Nagassar Roma , Harper Lima , Daniel Keston
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND The Sangre Grande Hospital (SGH) experienced several Multi Drug Resistant Organism (MDRO) outbreaks for 2015. In this regard, a study was conducted to understand factors contributing to MDRO acquisition and control, for policy and implementation of prevention and control measures. METHODOLOGY A Case-Control Study Design was chosen to execute this research project in order to determine risk factors and factors associated with control of the outbreaks. This was done retrospectively from January to March 2015. Cases and controls were unmatched. Cases were defined as patients admitted to wards with a contracted MDRO, discharged or died and had a medical or surgical diagnosis. MDROs included Methicillin resistant
Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Multi Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli (MDRGNB). Controls were any other patients on the wards with similar demographics and diagnosis and disposition, not infected or colonized with a MDRO and had a medical or surgical diagnosis. RESULTS Eight (8) cases and ten (10) Controls were incorporated in the study. Patients recently hospitalized had 14 times the odds of the group not recently hospitalized, of developing a MDRO, 95% CI: 1.1352 – 172.6502, p = 0.05. Length of Stay (LOS) on the ward for a minimum of five days showed a significant association with MDRO acquisition (p < 0.036). The main contributory factors to increased MDRO acquisition: greater than one (1) invasive devices, urinary catheter and/or central venous catheter (p < 0.043 and p < 0.007 respectively). Most MDRO cases had at least one invasive device attached to them during their stay on the ward: Central Venous Catheter (CVC), a Urinary Catheter or both. MDRO cases mean LOS: 29.5 days (19.27 S.D.) as opposed to the controls with 5.2 days (4.29 S.D.). CONCLUSION There is a significant association between recent hospitalization and developing an MDRO. Patients with an MDRO also stayed a mean of 29.5 days compared to 5.2 days for controls.
Containing SARS-CoV-2 in Belize
Authors: Habet Kyle , Habet Diomne , Marin Gliselle
Published: December 2020

Belize is a small Caribbean country in Central America with limited resources in public health. Amidst a global pandemic, urgent attention was given to mitigating the spread of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in order to prevent a public health catastrophe. Early intervention on a national level was key to preventing the importation of cases and subsequent community transmission. Limiting the conglomeration of people, implementation of curfews, closures of school and universities, government-mandated social distancing, and extensive contact tracing may have mitigated the exponential spread of COVID-19.

Mandatory mask-wearing in public may have helped to prevent spread between asymptomatic carriers to susceptible individuals. A low population density may have also contributed to containing the virus.
Endoscopic endonasal repair of a cerebrospinal fluid leak secondary to a meningoencephalocele using a posterior – based middle turbinate flap
Authors: Jugmohansingh G , Peng H , Clarke J
Published: December 2020

Cerebrospinal fluid leaks are rare but remain an important differential diagnosis for patients presenting with persistent, unilateral rhinorrhoea. This case describes a middle-aged female with persistent left sided rhinorrhea. She was minimally responsive to treatment for chronic sinusitis. On re-evaluation, a cerebrospinal fluid leak secondary to a meningoencephalocele was identified. This was subsequently repaired with a pedicled, vascularized graft using an endoscopic endonasal approach. The discussion which follows reviews the management of CSF rhinorrhoea with an emphasis on the available surgical options as well as the materials used for repair.
Isolated ARDS in a leptospirosis positive patient: An unusual sole presentation of anicteric leptospirosis
Authors: Singh Keevan , Maurice Nickilia
Published: December 2020

Leptospirosis is generally a self-limiting zoonotic disease, although severe variants such as Weil’s disease often warrant organ support in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). In most endemic regions, the disease may be suspected from its associated clinical features. We present a case of a young male with a history of swimming in a freshwater lake who then presented to us with predominantly pulmonary symptoms. None of the defining clinical features of leptospirosis was present. He was intubated and ventilated for seven days in our ICU for hypoxemia and pulmonary haemorrhage. During this time, he had repeated bouts of pulmonary haemorrhage and hypoxemia while all of the organ systems typically affected by leptospirosis remained normal (platelet count, renal and liver function). Where a possible clinical exposure has occurred, leptospirosis should be considered in cases of pulmonary haemorrhage and Acute Respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) even if classic clinical features are absent, especially in endemic regions.
SARS-Cov-2 and drug shortages- Trends and lessons from a Caribbean perspective
Authors: Jankie Satish , Pooransingh Shalini , Stuart Arlene , Pinto-Pereira Lexley
Published: December 2020

Aim and Objectives
To investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices
towards antibiotic use among patients attending a tertiary
referral urology unit in south Trinidad. We aimed to
investigate the general level of awareness of antibiotics
as well as identify patterns of antibiotic misuse which
could potentially lead to antibiotic resistance.
Results
150 patients were evaluated. Most patients (75.5%) were
aware that antibiotics are used to treat bacterial
infections. 57.9% also believed that antibiotics may be
used to treat viral infections. 48.4% were aware of the
potential deleterious effects of antibiotics on the body’s
normal flora while 78% were aware of the concept of
antibiotic resistance. 28.9% reported using antibiotics
without a prescription. Overall, 23.3% reported having
done so for a fever or cold while 12.6% did so for urinary
symptoms. 68 persons (42.8%) stopped their antibiotics
prior to completion of the course duration with most
(76.5%) indicating that they did so because they felt
better.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that while most patients were
aware of issues surrounding the use of antibiotics, a
significant percentage still harboured several
misconceptions. Also, high rates of self-medication with
antibiotics were noted, among several worrying patterns
of usage.
Finding Closure: The First WATCHMAN Device in the English-Speaking Caribbean
Authors: Ramsingh Richard , Juman Shelly , Ibrahim Muhammad , Rampersad Risshi
Published: December 2020

The left atrial appendage is an important source of thromboembolism and stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Mechanical closure with WATCHMAN has been proven as an effective alternative to Vitamin K antagonist anticoagulation for stroke prophylaxis. We report the first case of this technology in the English-speaking Caribbean.
Shyam Benegal
Authors: Chopra Samir
Published: December 2020

For over forty years, Shyam Benegal has been one the leading forces in Indian cinema. Informed by a rich political and philosophical sensibility and a mastery of the art and craft of filmmaking, Benegal is both of, and not of, Bollywood.

As a philosophical filmmaker Benegal brings to life the existential crisis of the downtrodden Indian, the ‘subaltern’ if you will—the serf, the peasant, the woman—and imposes a distinctive philosophical vision on his cinematic reworkings of literary products. To understand Benegal’s cinema is to understand, through his lens, modern India’s continued process of political and social becoming.

Focusing on the philosophical depth of Benegal's oueuvre, Samir Chopra identifies three key aspects of his work:

- A trio of films which signalled to middle-class India that a revolt was brewing in India’s hinterlands

- Two sets of movies which make powerful feminist statements and bring viewers into the lives of Indian women by showcasing strong, interesting female characters

- Benegal the master storyteller, who possessed of a unique fabulist style in a reboot of the Indian epic Mahabharata, a Ruskin Bond novel set during the Indian Mutiny of 1857, and a Rashomon-like retelling of an Indian experimental novel, where three perspectives converge to form a unified whole
American Milliners and Their World
Authors: Stewart Nadine
Published: December 2020

Studies of millinery tend to focus on hats, rather than the extraordinarily skilled workers who create them. American Milliners and their World sets out to redress the balance, examining the position of the milliner in American society from the 18th to the 20th century. Concentrating on the struggle of female hat-makers to claim their social place, it investigates how they were influenced by changing attitudes towards women in the workplace.

Drawing on diaries, etiquette books, trade journals, and contemporary literature, Stewart illustrates how making hats became big business, but milliners’ working conditions failed to improve. Taking the reader from the Industrial Revolution of the 1760s to the sexual revolution of the 1960s, and from Belle Epoque feathers to elegant cloches and Jackie Kennedy's pillbox hat, the book offers a new insight into the rise and fall of a fashionable industry.

Beautifully illustrated and packed with original research, American Milliners and their World blends fashion history and anthropology to tell the forgotten stories of the women behind some of the most iconic hats of the last three centuries.
Reporting the Siege of Sarajevo
Authors: Morrison Kenneth , Lowe Paul
Published: December 2020

The Siege of Sarajevo remains the longest siege in modern European history, lasting three times longer than the Battle of Stalingrad and over a year longer than the Siege of Leningrad.

Reporting the Siege of Sarajevo provides the first detailed account of the reporting of this siege and the role that journalists played in highlighting both military and non-military aspects of it. The book draws on detailed primary and secondary material in English and Bosnian, as well as extensive interviews with international correspondents who covered events in Sarajevo from within siege lines. It also includes hitherto unpublished images taken by the co-author and award-winning photojournalist, Paul Lowe.

Together Morrison and Lowe document a relatively short but crucial period in both the history of Bosnia & Herzegovina, the city of Sarajevo and the profession of journalism. The book provides crucial observations and insights into an under-researched aspect of a critical period in Europe’s recent history.
Dance Education
Authors: Koff Susan R.
Published: December 2020

Dance Education redefines the nature of dance pedagogy today, setting it within a holistic and encompassing framework, and argues for an approach to dance education from a socio-cultural and philosophical perspective.

In the past, dance education has focused on the learning of dance, limited to Western-based societies, with little attention to how dance is learned and applied globally. This book seeks to re-frame the way dance education is defined, approached and taught by looking beyond the privileged Western dance forms to compare education from different cultures.

Structured into three parts, this book examines the following essential questions:

- What is dance? What defines dance as an art form?

- How and where is dance performed and for what purpose?

- How do social contexts shape the making and interpretation of dance?

The first part covers the history of dance education and its definition. The second part discusses current contexts and applications, including global contexts and the ability to apply and comprehend dance education in a variety of contexts. This book opens up definitions, rather than categorising, so that dance is not presented in a hierarchical form. The third part continues to define dance education in ways that have not been discussed in the past: informal contexts. The book then returns to the original definition of dance education as a way of knowing oneself and the world around us, ending on the philosophical application of this self-knowledge as a way to be in the world and to engage with others, regardless of background.

This textbook is a refreshing and much-needed contribution to the field of dance studies by one of the most eminent voices in the field.
Low-Fee Private Schooling and Poverty in Developing Countries
Authors: Härmä Joanna
Published: December 2020

In Low-fee Private Schooling and Poverty in Developing Countries Joanna Härmä draws on primary research carried out in Sub-Saharan African countries and in India to show how the poor are being failed by both government and private schools. The primary research is combined with additional examples from around the world to offer a wide perspective on the issue of marketized education, low-fee private schooling and government systems. Härmä offers a pragmatic approach to a divisive and ideologically-driven issue and shows how the well-intentioned international drive towards ‘education for all’ is being encouraged and even imposed long before some countries have prepared the teachers and developed the systems needed to implement it successfully. Arguing that governments need to take a much more rational and constructive approach to the issue, Härmä argues for a greater acceptance of the challenges, abandoning ideological positions and a scaling back of ambition in the hope of laying stronger foundations for educational development.
Designing Fashion’s Future
Authors: Payne Alice
Published: December 2020

How do fashion designers design? How does design function within the industry? How can design practices open up sustainable pathways for fashion’s future? Designing Fashion’s Future responds to these questions to offer a fresh understanding of design practices within the sprawling, shifting fashion system.

Fashion design is typically viewed as the rarefied practice of elite professionals, or else as a single stage within the apparel value chain. Alice Payne shows how design needn’t be reduced to a set of decisions by a designer or design team, but can instead be examined as a process, object or agent that shapes fashion’s material and symbolic worlds.

Designing Fashion’s Future draws on more than 50 interviews with industry professionals based in Australia, Europe, Asia and the United Kingdom, with case studies and examples from North America and China. These diverse perspectives from multinational retailers and independent and experimental contexts ground the discussion in contemporary industry practices.
Sappho and Catullus in Twentieth-Century Italian and North American Poetry
Authors: Piantanida Cecilia
Published: December 2020

Going beyond exclusively national perspectives, this volume considers for the first time the reception of the ancient Greek poet Sappho and her first Latin translator, Catullus, as a literary pair who transmit poetic culture across the world from the early 20th century to the present. The 20th and 21st centuries have seen Sappho and Catullus gaining prime positions in literary culture, with a vigorous industry of translations and rewritings of their poetry and biographies driving their intertwined fortune. A slow yet powerful fire, Sappho’s and Catullus’ reception has shaped a transnational network of poets and intellectuals, helping to define ideas of origins, gender, sexuality and national identities. This book shows that across time and cultures translations and rewritings of Sappho and Catullus articulate modernist poetics of myth and fragmentation, forms of confessionalism and post-modern pastiche. A sustained transnational poetic discourse employs the ancient pair to expand notions of literary origins and redefine poetry’s relationship to human existence. The inquiry focuses on Italian and North American poetry as two central yet understudied hubs of Sappho’s and Catullus’ modern reception, also linked by a rich mutual intellectual exchange. Grounded in textual criticism, the analysis combines translation, reception, gender and thing theories to tackle the multifaceted question of the reception of Sappho and Catullus, while positioning the two ancient poets within World Literature. Key case-studies include Giovanni Pascoli, Ezra Pound, H.D., Salvatore Quasimodo, Robert Lowell, Louis Zukofsky, Guido Ceronetti, Rosita Copioli and Anne Carson, and comprise a wide range of unpublished archival material.
An Introduction to Historical Comparison
Authors: Krom Mikhail
Published: December 2020

Historical comparison as a method of historical analysis goes back to Herodotus in antiquity, yet it was not until the 1920s through the work of historian Marc Bloch that it was recognised as a solid historical method. Even today, some historians are wary of applying a comparative lens to their work. Why is this, Mikhail Krom asks, when historical comparison can be an incredibly insightful approach to history?

Designed as a helpful resource for historians, An Introduction to Historical Comparison aims to teach scholars how to develop the skills needed to successfully employ a comparative methodology. It begins by tracing the intellectual history of comparative history writing and then examines the practice of historical comparison. The result is a clear and engaging analysis of historical thinking and a useful guide to main methodological techniques, successes, and pitfalls of comparative research.

An Introduction to Historical Comparison is the first comprehensive study of the theory and practice of comparative-historical research. Combining a wide range of case-studies from the best practitioners of historical comparison with an innovative interdisciplinary perspective, this book is thus a meaningful contribution to current debates on historiography. As such, this resource will be of immense value to both students reading historiography and methodology and to historians looking to apply a comparative approach to their own research.
Young Muslims and Christians in a Secular Europe
Authors: Beekers Daan
Published: December 2020

Ethnographic study of committed young Muslims and Christians in the predominantly secular context of the Netherlands. Daan Beekers breaks with conventional frameworks that keep these groups apart by highlighting the common ground between revivalist-minded Protestant Christians and Sunni Muslims.

Based on in-depth fieldwork, Young Muslims and Christians in a Secular Europe shows that these young adults embark on reflexive projects of cultivating personal faith that are rife with struggles, setbacks, and doubts. Beekers argues that this shared precarious condition of everyday religious pursuits is shaped by young believers’ active participation in today’s high capitalist and largely secular society where they encounter other modes of imagining and living in the world. Yet he reveals that this close engagement with secular culture also fosters a reinvigorated religious commitment that demands constant care and nourishment.

Written in a clear and accessible style, this book reaches beyond longstanding divisions in the study of religion in Europe. It both provides rich insights into everyday religious lives and disrupts persistent binary oppositions between categories such as minorities and majorities, migrants and natives, and Islam and the West.
World is Africa
Authors: Chambers Eddie
Published: December 2020

World is Africa brings together more than 30 important texts by Eddie Chambers, who for several decades has been an original and a critical voice within the field of African diaspora art history. The texts range from book chapters and catalogue essays, to shorter texts. Chambers focuses on contemporary artists and their practices, from a range of international locations, who for the most part are identified with the African diaspora. None of the texts are available online and none have been available outside of the original publication in which they first appeared.

The volume contains several new pieces of writing, including a consideration of the art world ‘fetishization’ of the 1980s, as the manifestation of a reluctance to accept the majority of Black British artists as valid individual practitioners, choosing instead to shackle them to exhibitions that took place three decades ago. Another new text re-examines the ‘map paintings’ of Frank Bowling, the Guyana-born artist who was the subject of a major retrospective at Tate Britain in 2019. The third introduces the little-known record sleeve illustrations of Charles White, the American artist who was the subject of a major retrospective in 2018 at major galleries across the US. Among the other new texts is a critical reflection on the patronage the Greater London Council extended to Black artists in 1980s London.

World is Africa makes a valuable contribution to the emerging discipline of black British art history, the field of African diaspora studies and African diaspora art history.
Schooling as Uncertainty
Authors: Vavrus Frances
Published: December 2020

In today’s uncertain world, few beliefs remain as firmly entrenched as the optimistic view that more schooling will inevitably lead to a better life. Rich or poor, black or white, we fervently await higher wages, better health, and greater happiness from our advanced degrees. Though this may be true in the aggregate, how do we explain the circumstances when schooling fails to produce certainty or even does us harm? Schooling as Uncertainty addresses this question by combining ethnography and memoir as it guides readers on a 25-year journey through fieldwork and familyhood in Tanzania and academic life in the USA, Vavrus reflects on her quest for certainty, beginning as a graduate student and young mother and continuing to the present as a tenured professor.

Using reflexive, longitudinal ethnographic research the book simultaneously examines how African women employ schooling to counter the uncertainties of marriage, child rearing, employment, and HIV/AIDS. Adopting a narrative approach, Vavrus tells the story of how her life became entangled with a community on Kilimanjaro and how she, and the women around her, sought greater security through schooling and, to varying degrees, succeeded. She also examines how our successes have been circumscribed by economic and social inequalities that disproportionately affect daughters, mothers, and professional women the world over.
Scenographic Design Drawing
Authors: Field Sue
Published: December 2020

This enlightening study explores the set design drawings for theatre and live performance, highlighting their unique qualities within the greater arena of drawing practice and theory. The latest volume in the Drawing In series, Scenographic Design Drawing encourages an interdisciplinary dialogue in the field of drawing with the inclusion of illustrations throughout.

Scenographic design drawings visualize the images in the designer’s “mind’s eye” early in the design process. They are the initial design tool in the creative engagement with theatre, opera, dance, and non-text-based performance. It is, in particular, this body of drawings that is unique as both a performative and a theatrical representation of multiple worlds within the “stage space”. Sue Field illuminates this illustration process and identifies how these drawings have functioned and developed over time.

Scenographic Design Drawing serves to satisfy an emerging global curiosity and a thirst for new knowledge and understanding in relation to the drawings executed by the historical and contemporary scenographer. This work addresses a critical research gap and shows how the scenographic design drawing continues to be a principal site of innovation, subjectivity, originality, and authorship in theatre and live performance.
Urban and Visual Culture in Contemporary Iran
Authors: Dibazar Pedram
Published: December 2020

In Urban and Visual Culture in Contemporary Iran, Pedram Dibazar argues that everyday life in Iran is a rich domain of social existence and cultural production. Regular patterns of day-to-day practice in Iran are imbued with forms of expressivity that are unmarked and inconspicuous, but have remarkable critical value for a cultural study of contemporary society. Blended into the rhythms of everyday life are nonconformist modes of presence, subtle in their visibility and non-confrontational in their resistance to the established societal norms and structures. This volume is about such everyday tactics and creativity as lived in space, visualised in cultural forms and communicated through media.

Through its analysis of familiar everyday experiences, Urban and Visual Culture in Contemporary Iran covers a wide range of ordinary practices—such as walking, driving, shopping and doing or watching sports—and spatial conditions—such as streets, cars, rooftops, shopping centres and stadiums. It also explores a variety of cultural formations, including film, photography, architecture, literature, visual arts, television and digital media. This book offers new ways of thinking about visual and urban cultures by highlighting a politics of everyday life that is conditioned on concerns over visibility and presence.
Concerning Stephen Willats and the Social Function of Art
Authors: Irish Sharon
Published: December 2020

This book on Stephen Willats pulls together key strands of his practice and threads them through histories of British cybernetics, experimental art, and urban design. For Willats, a cluster of concepts about control and feedback within living and machine systems (cybernetics) offered a new means to make art relevant.

For decades, Willats has built relationships through art with people in tower blocks, underground clubs, middle-class enclaves, and warehouses on the Isle of Dogs, to investigate their current conditions and future possibilities. Sharon Irish’s study demonstrates the power of Willats’s multi-media art to catalyze communication among participants and to upend ideas about “audience” and “art.” Here, Irish argues that it is artists like Willats who are now the instigators of social transformation.
Women and Evacuation in the Second World War
Authors: Andrews Maggie
Published: December 2020

Groups of young evacuees, standing on railway stations with gas masks and cardboard suitcases have become an iconic image of wartime Britain, but their histories have eclipsed those of women whose domestic lives were affected. This book explores the effects of this unparalleled interference in the domestic lives of women, looking at the impact on everyday experience and on ideas of femininity, domesticity and motherhood.

Maggie Andrews argues that wartime evacuation is important for understanding the experience and the contested meanings of domesticity and motherhood in the 20th century. As this book shows, evacuation represents a significant and unrecognised area of women’s war work, and precipitated the rise of competing public discourses about domestic labour and motherhood.
Hermeneutics between History and Philosophy
Authors: Gadamer Hans-Georg
Published: December 2020

Hermeneutics between History and Philosophy collects together Gadamer’s remaining important untranslated writings on the problem of history and the major philosophical traditions of the 20th century from the standpoint of hermeneutics. In these writings, Gadamer examines important thinkers such as Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre, Bourdieu and Habermas and their ongoing legacies.

This volume includes a preface by the editors and translators, presenting the structure of the volume, and a substantial introduction situating Gadamer’s particular project and examining the place of hermeneutics in relation to the disciplines of history and philosophy in the 20th century. The translation is followed by a glossary of German terms and Greek and Latin expressions, as well as a bibliography of all the works cited and alluded to by Gadamer. Together, the essays and critical apparatus provide an overarching account of Gadamer’s understanding of human life as embedded within history.
Sakhiyani
Authors: Thadani Giti
Published: December 2020

The product of many years of research, this unique book presents fascinating perspectives on contemporary lesbian life in India and unravels some of the history of lesbian desire from centuries past.

Through detailed examination of mythology, cosmology, ancient art and artefacts and her exegesis of ancient Sanskrit texts, Thadani constructs a tapestry of feminine kinship, genealogy and sexual or erotic bonding between women (sakhiyani) in ancient India. The author offers an historical perspective on the effect of colonization upon lesbian identities in India, showing how women were viewed by Western imperialists either as soft victims or as sexually dangerous, possessing an overgrown clitoris and in need of heterosexual domestication.

The second half of the book focuses on contemporary lesbian realities and issues, including lesbian marriages, suicide pacts, forging lesbian space, lesbian human rights, lesbophobia, sexual exile and the different construction of gender, family and possible kinship alliances.
Shonen Knife’s Happy Hour
Authors: McCorkle Okazaki Brooke
Published: December 2020

Shonen Knife--an all-female punk trio from Osaka, Japan--has cultivated a global fan base that has included the likes of Nirvana’s Kurt Cobain and Sonic Youth’s Thurston Moore. The 1998 album Happy Hour encapsulates the band’s allure via its fusion of punk rock and cute aesthetics in the service of lyrics focused on food. Saturated in lyrics about edibles from sushi to banana chips, the record initially appears to be a cute pop punk homage to girl power. Brooke McCorkle Okazaki explores how, embedded in the seemingly straightforward music and lyrics of the album, lies an aesthetic that challenges historical norms regarding gender roles in popular culture.