bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photonic metamaterial analogue of a continuous time crystal
Authors: Liu Tongjun , Ou Jun-Yu , MacDonald Kevin F. , Zheludev Nikolay I.
Published: April 2023

Time crystals are an eagerly sought phase of matter with broken time-translation symmetry. Quantum time crystals with discretely broken time-translation symmetry have been demonstrated in trapped ions, atoms and spins whereas continuously broken time-translation symmetry has been observed in an atomic condensate inside an optical cavity. Here we report that a classical metamaterial nanostructure, a two-dimensional array of plasmonic metamolecules supported on flexible nanowires, can be driven to a state possessing all of the key features of a continuous time crystal: continuous coherent illumination by light resonant with the metamolecules’ plasmonic mode triggers a spontaneous phase transition to a superradiant-like state of transmissivity oscillations, resulting from many-body interactions among the metamolecules, characterized by long-range order in space and time. The phenomenon is of interest to the study of dynamic classical many-body states in the strongly correlated regime and applications in all-optical modulation, frequency conversion and timing.
Anti-inflammatory effect of combining fish oil and evening primrose oil supplementation on breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: a randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Arsic Aleksandra , Krstic Predrag , Paunovic Marija , Nedovic Jasmina , Jakovljevic Vladimir , Vucic Vesna
Published: April 2023

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in women throughout the world. This study is a parallel, randomized, double-blind, controlled, 12-week supplementation trial, investigating the anti-inflammatory effects of dietary intake of fish oil and evening primrose oil (EPO), in patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. The primary outcomes were changes in the nutritional status and inflammatory cytokines of patients during the study. The secondary outcomes were changes in hematological and biochemical parameters and fatty acid profile. Of the 32 eligible patients, half of them is randomly assigned to a treatment arm with fish oil and EPO (n = 16), or a control arm (n = 16) with mineral oil as a placebo. The intervention group was taking 2 gel capsules of fish oil and 3 gel capsules of EPO (400 mg eicosapentaenoic acid, 600 mg docosahexaenoic acid, and 351 mg gamma-linolenic acid) fish oil and evening primrose oil for 12 weeks, during their chemotherapy. The control/placebo group was taking 5 gel capsules of 1g of mineral oil. One of the patients dropped out due to discontinuation of the treatment (in the placebo group) and two did not show up at the post-treatment measurements (in the intervention group), thus, 29 women completed the study. The results showed an increase in plasma levels of docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3), docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3), total n-3PUFA, vaccenic acid (18:1n-7), and a decrease in n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in the intervention group. An increase in the plasma level of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (20:3n-6) was observed in the placebo group. There was no difference in plasma levels of interleukin (IL) IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, while the level of IL-6 decreased in both groups and was significantly lower in the intervention group at the end of the study. In conclusion, this supplementation improved the PUFA status and decreased the level of IL-6 in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Consequently, this treatment may help reduce cancer complications resulting from impaired lipid metabolism and inflammation. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03516253. Date of registration 04/05/2018.
Modeling the relationship between neuronal activity and the BOLD signal: contributions from astrocyte calcium dynamics
Authors: Tesler Federico , Linne Marja-Leena , Destexhe Alain
Published: April 2023

Functional magnetic resonance imaging relies on the coupling between neuronal and vascular activity, but the mechanisms behind this coupling are still under discussion. Recent experimental evidence suggests that calcium signaling may play a significant role in neurovascular coupling. However, it is still controversial where this calcium signal is located (in neurons or elsewhere), how it operates and how relevant is its role. In this paper we introduce a biologically plausible model of the neurovascular coupling and we show that calcium signaling in astrocytes can explain main aspects of the dynamics of the coupling. We find that calcium signaling can explain so-far unrelated features such as the linear and non-linear regimes, the negative vascular response (undershoot) and the emergence of a (calcium-driven) Hemodynamic Response Function. These features are reproduced here for the first time by a single model of the detailed neuronal-astrocyte-vascular pathway. Furthermore, we analyze how information is coded and transmitted from the neuronal to the vascular system and we predict that frequency modulation of astrocytic calcium dynamics plays a key role in this process. Finally, our work provides a framework to link neuronal activity to the BOLD signal, and vice-versa, where neuronal activity can be inferred from the BOLD signal. This opens new ways to link known alterations of astrocytic calcium signaling in neurodegenerative diseases (e.g. Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases) with detectable changes in the neurovascular coupling.
Optimizing construction company selection using einstein weighted aggregation operators for q-rung orthopair fuzzy hypersoft set
Authors: Zulqarnain Rana Muhammad , Siddique Imran , Mahboob Abid , Ahmad Hijaz , Askar Sameh , Gurmani Shahid Hussain
Published: April 2023

Infrastructure development and the economy heavily rely on the construction industry. However, decision-making in construction projects can be intricate and difficult due to conflicting standards and requirements. To address this challenge, the q-rung orthopair fuzzy soft set (q-ROFSS) has emerged as a useful tool incorporating fuzzy and uncertain contractions. In many cases, further characterization of attributes is necessary as their values are not mutually exclusive. The prevalent q-ROFSS structures cannot resolve this state. The q-rung orthopair fuzzy hypersoft sets (q-ROFHSS) is a leeway of q-ROFSS that use multi-parameter approximation functions to scare the scarcities of predominant fuzzy sets structures. The fundamental objective of this research is to introduce the Einstein weighted aggregation operators (AOs) for q-rung orthopair fuzzy hypersoft sets (q-ROFHSS), such as q-rung orthopair fuzzy hypersoft Einstein weighted average and geometric operators, and discuss their fundamental properties. Mathematical explanations of decision-making (DM) contractions is present to approve the rationality of the developed approach. Einstein AOs, based on predictions, carried an animated multi-criteria group decision (MCGDM) method with the most substantial significance with the prominent MCGDM structures. Moreover, we utilize our proposed MCGDM model to select the most suitable construction company for a given construction project. The proposed method is evaluated through a statistical analysis, which helps ensure the DM process's efficiency. This analysis demonstrates that the proposed method is more realistic and reliable than other DM approaches. Overall, the research provides valuable insights for decision-makers in the construction industry who seek to optimize their DM processes and improve the outcomes of their projects.
The role of presepsin in pediatric patients with oncological and hematological diseases experiencing febrile neutropenia
Authors: Cerasi Sara , Leardini Davide , Lisanti Nunzia , Belotti Tamara , Pierantoni Luca , Zama Daniele , Lanari Marcello , Prete Arcangelo , Masetti Riccardo
Published: April 2023

Febrile neutropenia (FN) represents one of the main complications of pediatric patients with oncological and hematological diseases. In these patients, it is crucial to identify bacterial infections. The aim of this study is to evaluate presepsin as an early biomarker of bacterial infections during FN. We compared patients with oncological and hematological diseases and a 2:1 age-matched healthy control group. In the FN group, we evaluated 4 biomarkers, namely, C reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin 6 (IL6) and presepsin at the onset of fever (T0) and 48 h after T0 (T1). In the control group, we only evaluated presepsin. We enrolled a total of 41 children with oncological and hematological diseases disease experiencing 50 FN episodes and 100 healthy patients in the control group. In patients with FN, we found that presepsin was significantly higher than in the control group (p < 0.001). However, in the FN group, we did not find a statistically significant difference between patients with and without bacteremia (p = 0.989 at T0, p = 0.619 at T1). Presepsin values at T1 were higher in patients experiencing an unfavorable outcome (p = 0.025). This study shows that presepsin increases in neutropenic patients, but it only revealed useful in predicting an unfavorable outcome 48 h from the onset of fever.
Young children can use their subjective straight-ahead to remap visuo-motor alterations
Authors: Esposito Davide , Miehlbradt Jenifer , Tonelli Alessia , Mazzoni Alberto , Gori Monica
Published: April 2023

Young children and adults process spatial information differently: the former use their bodies as primary reference, while adults seem capable of using abstract frames. The transition is estimated to occur between the 6th and the 12th year of age. The mechanisms underlying spatial encoding in children and adults are unclear, as well as those underlying the transition. Here, we investigated the role of the subjective straight-ahead (SSA), the body antero-posterior half-plane mental model, in spatial encoding before and after the expected transition. We tested 6–7-year-old and 10–11-year-old children, and adults on a spatial alignment task in virtual reality, searching for differences in performance when targets were placed frontally or sideways. The performance differences were assessed both in a naturalistic baseline condition and in a test condition that discouraged using body-centered coordinates through a head-related visuo-motor conflict. We found no differences in the baseline condition, while all groups showed differences between central and lateral targets (SSA effect) in the visuo-motor conflict condition, and 6–7-year-old children showed the largest effect. These results confirm the expected transition timing; moreover, they suggest that children can abstract from the body using their SSA and that the transition underlies the maturation of a world-centered reference frame.
Regulation of early diagnosis and prognostic markers of lung adenocarcinoma in immunity and hypoxia
Authors: Sun Kang , Zhang Zhiqiang , Wang Dongqin , Huang Yinlong , Zhang Jing , Lian Chaoqun
Published: April 2023

Lung adenocarcinoma is still cancer with the highest mortality. Hypoxia and immunity play an essential role in the occurrence and development of tumors. Therefore, this study is mainly to find new early diagnosis and prognosis markers and explore the relationship among the markers and immunity and hypoxia, to improve the prognosis of patients. Firstly, based on the clinical database in TCGA, we determined the most critical clinicopathological parameters affecting the prognosis of patients through a variety of analysis methods. According to pathological parameters, logistic most minor absolute contraction selection operator (lasso), univariate and multivariate regression analysis, the risk genes related to early prognosis were screened, and the risk model was established. Then, in different risk groups, GSEA and CIBERSORT algorithms were used to analyze the distribution and enrichment of the immune cells and hypoxia, to study the effects of early prognostic indicators on hypoxia and immunity. At the same time, we analyzed the different levels of risk genes in normal cells (BSEA-2B) and tumor cells (H1299, A549, PC9, and H1975). Finally, A549 and PC9 cells were induced by CoCl2 to establish a hypoxic environment, and the correlation between risk genes and HIF1A was analyzed. The risk model based on risk genes (CYP4B1, KRT6A, and FAM83A) was accurate and stable for the prognosis of patients. It is closely related to immunity and hypoxia. In BSEA-2B cells, the mRNA and protein expression of CYP4B1 was higher, while the expression of KRT6A and FAM83A was lower. Finally, we found that FAM83A and HIF1A showed a significant positive correlation when A549 and PC9 cells were exposed to hypoxia. The discovery of early diagnostic markers related to immunity, hypoxia, and prognosis, provides a new idea for early screening and prognostic treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
Dynamical analysis of a damped harmonic forced duffing oscillator with time delay
Authors: Moatimid Galal M. , Amer T. S. , Amer W. S.
Published: April 2023

This paper is concerned with a time-delayed controller of a damped nonlinear excited Duffing oscillator (DO). Since time-delayed techniques have recently been the focus of numerous studies, the topic of this investigation is quite contemporary. Therefore, time delays of position and velocity are utilized to reduce the nonlinear oscillation of the model under consideration. A much supplementary precise approximate solution is achieved using an advanced Homotopy perturbation method (HPM). The temporal variation of this solution is graphed for different amounts of the employed factors. The organization of the model is verified through a comparison between the plots of the estimated solution and the numerical one which is obtained utilizing the fourth order Runge–Kutta technique (RK4). The outcomes show that the improved HPM is appropriate for a variety of damped nonlinear oscillators since it minimizes the error of the solution while increasing the validation variety. Furthermore, it presents a potential model that deals with a diversity of nonlinear problems. The multiple scales homotopy technique is used to achieve an estimated formula for the suggested time-delayed structure. The controlling nonlinear algebraic equation for the amplitude oscillation at the steady state is gained. The effectiveness of the proposed controller, the time delays impact, controller gains, and feedback gains have been investigated. The realized outcomes show that the controller performance is influenced by the total of the product of the control and feedback gains, in addition to the time delays in the control loop. The analytical and numerical calculations reveal that for certain amounts of the control and feedback signal improvement, the suggested controller could completely reduce the system vibrations. The obtained outcomes are considered novel, in which the used methods are applied on the DO with time-delay. The increase of the time delay parameter leads to a stable case for the DO, which is in harmony with the influence of this parameter. This drawn curves show that the system reaches a stable fixed point which assert the presented discussion.
Machine learning for design of degenerate Cas13a crRNAs using lassa virus as a model of highly variable RNA target
Authors: Leski T. A. , Spangler J. R. , Wang Z. , Schultzhaus Z. , Taitt C. R. , Dean S. N. , Stenger D. A.
Published: April 2023

The design of minimum CRISPR RNA (crRNA) sets for detection of diverse RNA targets using sequence degeneracy has not been systematically addressed. We tested candidate degenerate Cas13a crRNA sets designed for detection of diverse RNA targets (Lassa virus). A decision tree machine learning (ML) algorithm (RuleFit) was applied to define the top attributes that determine the specificity of degenerate crRNAs to elicit collateral nuclease activity. Although the total number of mismatches (0–4) is important, the specificity depends as well on the spacing of mismatches, and their proximity to the 5’ end of the spacer. We developed a predictive algorithm for design of candidate degenerate crRNA sets, allowing improved discrimination between “included” and “excluded” groups of related target sequences. A single degenerate crRNA set adhering to these rules detected representatives of all Lassa lineages. Our general ML approach may be applied to the design of degenerate crRNA sets for any CRISPR/Cas system.
The effect of critical coupling constants on superconductivity enhancement
Authors: Wang Peir-Ru , Yeh Jien-Wei , Lee Yi-Hsien
Published: April 2023

In this study, we propose a phenomenological model to extend McMillan's results on a coupling strength equal to 2. We investigate possible strategies to enhance superconductivity by tuning the phonon frequency, carrier number, or pressure. In particular, we show that the critical coupling constants corresponding to the phonon frequency, carrier number, or pressure determine whether the variation of the critical temperature is positive or negative. These observations explain the contrasting behavior between weak and strong coupling superconductors and are consistent with experimental observations. We also demonstrate the dome observed in the carrier number effect and pressure effect. Additionally, these critical coupling constants systematically separate superconductivity into three regions: weak, intermediate, and strong coupling. We find that the enhancement strategies for weak and strong coupling regions are opposite, but both inevitably bring superconductivity into the intermediate coupling region. Finally, we propose general zigzag methods for intermediate coupling superconductors to further enhance the critical temperature.
The therapeutic potential of neurofibromin signaling pathways and binding partners
Authors: Báez-Flores Juan , Rodríguez-Martín Mario , Lacal Jesus
Published: April 2023

Neurofibromin controls many cell processes, such as growth, learning, and memory. If neurofibromin is not working properly, it can lead to health problems, including issues with the nervous, skeletal, and cardiovascular systems and cancer. This review examines neurofibromin’s binding partners, signaling pathways and potential therapeutic targets. In addition, it summarizes the different post-translational modifications that can affect neurofibromin’s interactions with other molecules. It is essential to investigate the molecular mechanisms that underlie neurofibromin variants in order to provide with functional connections between neurofibromin and its associated proteins for possible therapeutic targets based on its biological function.
Zeb1 facilitates corneal epithelial wound healing by maintaining corneal epithelial cell viability and mobility
Authors: Zhang Yingnan , Do Khoi K. , Wang Fuhua , Lu Xiaoqin , Liu John Y. , Li Chi , Ceresa Brian P. , Zhang Lijun , Dean Douglas C. , Liu Yongqing
Published: April 2023

The cornea is the outmost ocular tissue and plays an important role in protecting the eye from environmental insults. Corneal epithelial wounding provokes pain and fear and contributes to the most ocular trauma emergency assessments worldwide. ZEB1 is an essential transcription factor in development; but its roles in adult tissues are not clear. We identify Zeb1 is an intrinsic factor that facilitates corneal epithelial wound healing. In this study, we demonstrate that monoallelic deletion of Zeb1 significantly expedites corneal cell death and inhibits corneal epithelial EMT-related cell migration upon an epithelial debridement. We provide evidence that Zeb1-regulation of corneal epithelial wound healing is through the repression of genes required for Tnfa-induced epithelial cell death and the induction of genes beneficial for epithelial cell migration. We suggest utilizing TNF-α antagonists would reduce TNF/TNFR1-induced cell death in the corneal epithelium and inflammation in the corneal stroma to help corneal wound healing.
SituSeq: an offline protocol for rapid and remote Nanopore 16S rRNA amplicon sequence analysis
Authors: Zorz Jackie , Li Carmen , Chakraborty Anirban , Gittins Daniel A , Surcon Taylor , Morrison Natasha , Bennett Robbie , MacDonald Adam , Hubert Casey R J
Published: April 2023

Microbiome analysis through 16S rRNA gene sequencing is a crucial tool for understanding the microbial ecology of any habitat or ecosystem. However, workflows require large equipment, stable internet, and extensive computing power such that most of the work is performed far away from sample collection in both space and time. Performing amplicon sequencing and analysis at sample collection would have positive implications in many instances including remote fieldwork and point-of-care medical diagnoses. Here we present SituSeq, an offline and portable workflow for the sequencing and analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons using Nanopore sequencing and a standard laptop computer. SituSeq was validated by comparing Nanopore 16S rRNA gene amplicons, Illumina 16S rRNA gene amplicons, and Illumina metagenomes, sequenced using the same environmental DNA. Comparisons revealed consistent community composition, ecological trends, and sequence identity across platforms. Correlation between the abundance of taxa in each taxonomic level in Illumina and Nanopore data sets was high (Pearson’s r > 0.9), and over 70% of Illumina 16S rRNA gene sequences matched a Nanopore sequence with greater than 97% sequence identity. On board a research vessel on the open ocean, SituSeq was used to analyze amplicon sequences from deep sea sediments less than 2 h after sequencing, and 8 h after sample collection. The rapidly available results informed decisions about subsequent sampling in near real-time while the offshore expedition was still underway. SituSeq is a portable and user-friendly workflow that helps to bring the power of microbial genomics and diagnostics to many more researchers and situations.
Swine farm groundwater is a hidden hotspot for antibiotic-resistant pathogenic Acinetobacter
Authors: Gao Fang-Zhou , He Liang-Ying , Chen Xin , Chen Jing-Liang , Yi Xinzhu , He Lu-Xi , Huang Xin-Yi , Chen Zi-Yin , Bai Hong , Zhang Min , Liu You-Sheng , Ying Guang-Guo
Published: April 2023

Acinetobacter is present in the livestock environment, but little is known about their antibiotic resistance and pathogenic species in the farm groundwater. Here we investigated antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter in the swine farm groundwater (JZPG) and residential groundwater (JZG) of a swine farming village, in comparison to a nearby (3.5 km) non-farming village (WTG) using metagenomic and culture-based approaches. Results showed that the abundance of antibiotic resistome in some JZG and all JZPG (~3.4 copies/16S rRNA gene) was higher than that in WTG (~0.7 copies/16S rRNA gene), indicating the influence of farming activities on both groundwater types. Acinetobacter accounted for ~95.7% of the bacteria in JZG and JZPG, but only ~8.0% in WTG. They were potential hosts of ~95.6% of the resistome in farm affected groundwater, which includes 99 ARG subtypes against 23 antibiotic classes. These ARGs were associated with diverse intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms, and the predominant ARGs were tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones resistance genes. Metagenomic binning analysis elucidated that non-baumannii Acinetobacter including A. oleivorans, A. beijerinckii, A. seifertii, A. bereziniae and A. modestus might pose environmental risks because of multidrug resistance, pathogenicity and massive existence in the groundwater. Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that the isolated strains were resistant to multiple antibiotics including sulfamethoxazole (resistance ratio: 96.2%), levofloxacin (42.5%), gatifloxacin (39.0%), ciprofloxacin (32.6%), tetracycline (32.0%), doxycycline (29.0%) and ampicillin (12.0%) as well as last-resort polymyxin B (31.7%), colistin (24.1%) and tigecycline (4.1%). The findings highlight potential prevalence of groundwater-borne antibiotic-resistant pathogenic Acinetobacter in the livestock environment.
Wet nitrocellulose membrane for the level 3 feature visualization of various latent fingerprints and gender determination
Authors: Tian Lu , Chen Hongyu , Sun Xiangyu , Liu Lu , Zhang Meiqin
Published: April 2023

A wet nitrocellulose membrane has been explored for the level 3 feature of latent fingerprint visualization and gender determination.
Polyphenol-assisted assembly of Au-deposited polylactic acid microneedles for SERS sensing and antibacterial photodynamic therapy
Authors: Chia Zi-Chun , Chen Yi-Lun , Chuang Cheng-Hsun , Hsieh Chou-Hsun , Chen Ya-Jyun , Chen Kuan-Hsu , Huang Tzu-Chi , Chen Mei-Chin , Huang Chih-Chia
Published: April 2023

The polyphenol-assisted assembly of an Au-deposited microneedle array and the methylene blue-immobilized microneedle array were designed for in situ SERS-based bacteria sensing and antibacterial photodynamic therapy, respectively.
Intelligent convolution neural network-assisted SERS to realize highly accurate identification of six pathogenic Vibrio
Authors: Yu Hui , Yang Zhilan , Fu Shiying , Zhang Yuejiao , Panneerselvamc Rajapandiyan , Li Baoqiang , Zhang Lin , Chen Zehui , Wang Xin , Li Jianfeng
Published: April 2023

Based on the label-free SERS technology, we successfully developed a deep learning CNN model, achieving low-cost and high-accuracy identification of six representative pathogenic Vibrio within 15 minutes.
Synergistic n → π* and nN → π*Ar interactions in C-terminal modified prolines: effect on Xaa–Pro cis/trans equilibrium
Authors: Deka Jugal Kishore Rai , Borah Debashree , Das Paramesh , Sahariah Biswajit , Vishnoi Pratap , Sarma Bani Kanta
Published: April 2023

A set of proline-diacylhydrazine hybrid molecules were designed and synthesized. Their conformational analyses showed a synergistic relationship between n → π* and nN → π*Ar interactions, which played a key role in Xaa–Pro trans amide bond stabilization.
Resistive switching and role of interfaces in memristive devices based on amorphous NbOx grown by anodic oxidation
Authors: Leonetti Giuseppe , Fretto Matteo , Bejtka Katarzyna , Olivetti Elena Sonia , Pirri Fabrizio Candido , De Leo Natascia , Valov Ilia , Milano Gianluca
Published: April 2023

Performances of bipolar Au/NbOx/Nb devices were investigated by correlating the material properties of electrochemically grown NbOx with resistive switching functionalities.
Fabrication of brookite@anatase heterojunction TiO2via phase transformation from metal organic frameworks for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and TCH degradation
Authors: Song Weina , Liu Yamin , Dong Yongli , Han Xue , Mu Mei , Chen Yan , Wang Wenyan , Wang Pei , Li Wei
Published: April 2023

The brookite@anatase heterojunction TiO2 catalyst (MT-200-BA) has exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance for H2 evolution and degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH).
Catalyst-free intramolecular radical cyclization cascades initiated by the direct homolysis of Csp3–Br under visible light
Authors: Huang Panyi , Yan Zhiyang , Ling Jiaxin , Li Peixuan , Wang Jiayang , Li Jianjun , Sun Bin , Jin Can
Published: April 2023

A visible light-mediated Csp3–Br homolysis-initiated radical cyclization cascade delivering diverse 3-difluorolactam substituted chroman-4-ones with excellent regioselectivity and diastereoselectivity.
Non-noble metals as activity sites for ORR catalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs)
Authors: Tao Jinjing , Wang Xian , Xu Mingjun , Liu Changpeng , Ge Junjie , Xing Wei
Published: April 2023

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have great potential to become the next generation green energy technique, but its application is limited by the slow kinetics of the cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic medium.
Hydroxyl radical assisted enzyme-free electrochemical detection and oxidation of cholesterol by a galvanically deposited layer-by-layer ZnO/WO3 thin film nanocomposite
Authors: Ghorui Uday Kumar , Adhikary Bibhutosh , Mondal Anup
Published: April 2023

A facile low-cost two-step galvanic technique is employed to deposit a lbl ZnO/WO3 thin film nanocomposite on FTO substrate for an efficient electrochemical oxidation of cholesterol to oxysterol and thereby sense it through ˙OH radical formation.
Aerobic oxyfunctionalization of alkynes by a bioinspired flavin–metal ion photocatalytic system
Authors: Shen Duyi , Zhong Fubi , Li Linghui , Zhang Haixing , Ren Ting , Sun Chaoyue , Wang Bin , Guo Mian , Chao Mianran , Fukuzumi Shunichi
Published: April 2023

α-Keto ketals and benzannulated oxo-spiroketals have been regioselectively synthesized using a Sc3+-coordinated riboflavin tetraacetate photocatalyst with electron-deficient alkynes and alkynediols, respectively.
A Critical Analysis of State-Level Policies Impacting Racialized Emergent Bilinguals Suspected or Labeled as Dis/abled
Authors: Soto-Boykin Xigrid , Brea-Spahn María Rosa , Perez Shakira , McKenna Meaghan
Published: April 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this review article is to conduct a critical analysis of state-level policies focusing on the provision of speech-language therapy and special education to children and youth who are racialized emergent bilinguals (REBs) suspected or labeled as dis/abled.

Method:

We analyzed the state-level policies focusing on speech-language therapy and/or special education of California, Kansas, Florida, and New York. We coded content in terms of labels used to describe REBs; the focus of states' policies, whether the policy mentioned the provision of bilingual services, and the orientation toward bilingualism. Thematic analyses and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the policies, and interrater reliability was calculated.

Results:

The results of this review revealed that most state-level policies contain English-centric, deficit-based labels to describe REBs and that most focus primarily on the classification and eligibility for dis/ability. Only one state addresses the provision of bilingual education for REBs labeled as dis/abled. The bulk of policies are underpinned by an ideology of “bilingualism as a difference,” meaning that the main idea of the policies is that emerging English skills does not result in a dis/ability.

Conclusions:

Policies do not exist in a vacuum and are influenced by sociopolitical ideologies. The findings of this review highlight the urgency of applying an intersectional, justice-focused approach to the policies and practices impacting REBs suspected and/or labeled as disabled in the fields of speech-language therapy and special education.
Two-wavelength digital holography through fog
Authors: Gröger Alexander , Pedrini Giancarlo , Fischer Felix , Claus Daniel , Aleksenko Igor , Reichelt Stephan
Published: April 2023

Interferometric detection enables the acquisition of the amplitude and phase of the optical field. By making use of the synthetic wavelength as a computational construct arising from digital processing of two off-axis digital holograms, it is possible to identify the shape of an object obscured by fog and further increase the imaging range due to the increased sensitivity in coherent detection. Experiments have been conducted inside a 27 m long fog tube filled with ultrasonically generated fog. We show the improved capabilities of synthetic phase imaging through fog and compare this technique with conventional active laser illumination imaging.
Der präoperative anästhesiologische Befundbogen
Authors: Lang Marika
Published: April 2023

Um relevante Informationen für die Vorbereitung und den Ablauf der Narkose zu erhalten, werden präoperativ anästhesiologische Befunde erhoben. Wir stellen die wichtigsten Tools – ASA-Klassifikation, Apfel-Score, Mallampati-Test und Cormack-Lehane-Stadien – vor und erläutern an Fallbeispielen, wie eine adäquate und sichere Patientenversorgung gelingt.
Einfach besser drauf als Team – Selbstmotivation und Gelassenheit stärken
Authors: Schröder Jörg-Peter
Published: April 2023

Hektik, Stress, hohe Belastungen, Verunsicherung sowie eine schlechte Kommunikation können schnell demotivierend wirken. Doch wie lässt sich die Motivation steigern und die Zusammenarbeit im OP verbessern? Schlüsselfaktoren sind Reflexion, Gelassenheit und Eigenmotivation – und eine systematisch begleitete Entwicklung der Einstellung und des Verhaltens der OP-Mitarbeitenden. Eine Voraussetzung dazu ist, dass Mitarbeitende reflektiert und auf ihre Ressourcen fokussiert sind. Erfahren Sie, wie es gelingt, im Team einfach besser drauf zu sein.
Endovaskuläre Therapiemöglichkeiten bei thorakalen Aortenerkrankungen
Authors: Jankwitz Elisa
Published: April 2023

Wohin geht der Trend in der modernen Gefäßchirurgie? Durch die Entwicklung der interventionellen Methoden und die Fortschritte der Stenttechnologie können heutzutage fast alle Aortenpathologien endovaskulär versorgt werden – wir stellen Ihnen die verschiedenen Behandlungsoptionen vor.
Abdominothorakale Ösophagusresektion mit da Vinci
Authors: Zimmermann Katrin , Nickel Felix
Published: April 2023

Die roboterassistierte abdominothorakale Ösophagusresektion ist ein etabliertes Verfahren und wird am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg circa 60 Mal im Jahr durchgeführt. Das Operationsprinzip besteht in der transthorakalen und abdominellen Entfernung des Ösophagus sowie einer onkologischen Lymphadenektomie und stellt somit einen Zwei-Höhlen-Eingriff dar. Die Rekonstruktion erfolgt mittels Magenschlauchbildung und anschließendem Magenhochzug.
Scarless Two-Stage Delayed Coloanal Anastomosis: A Technique Description
Authors: Bendib Hani , Oukrine Hind , Djelali Nabil , Lahrech Said , Elbahi Ameur , Chekman Chemseddine , Azzouz Abdelghani , Anou Abdelkrim , Djennaoui Azeddine
Published: April 2023

Introduction In current clinical practice, immediate coloanal anastomosis (ICA) remains the standard technique for restoring the gastrointestinal tract following coloproctectomy for low rectal cancer. This anastomosis still requires a temporary diverting stoma to decrease the postoperative morbidity, which remains significantly high. As an alternative, some authors have proposed a two-stage delayed coloanal anastomosis (TS-DCA). This article reports on the surgical technique of TS-DCA.

Methods The case described is of a 53-year-old woman, without any particular history, in whom colonoscopy motivated by rectal bleeding revealed an adenocarcinoma of the low rectum. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a tumor ∼ 1 cm above the puborectalis muscle, graded cT3N + . The extension workup was negative. Seven weeks after chemoradiotherapy, a coloproctectomy with total mesorectal excision (TME) was performed. A TS-DCA was chosen to restore the digestive tract.

Conclusion Two-stage delayed coloanal anastomosis is a safe and effective alternative for restoring the digestive tract after proctectomy for low rectal cancer. Recent data seem to show a clear advantage of this technique in terms of morbidity.
Bilateral Uveitis in Silent Ulcerative Colitis: Case Report
Authors: Alwais Saba Hussein , Alrikabi Mohammed Hadi , Alshewered Ahmed Salih
Published: April 2023

Silent or subclinical inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is a relatively new term that has been used to describe individuals with asymptomatic active mucosal bowel inflammation, often unaware of their disease due to either the lack of or mild inflammatory symptoms. These patients are at risk for gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal manifestations, with more advanced complications. In this article we intend to describe a case report of a patient with chronic history of many organ involvements including ocular, skin, and musculoskeletal, which was later placed under the umbrella of silent ulcerative colitis.
Approaches in the treatment of perianal fistula in Crohn disease
Authors: Li Rui
Published: April 2023

Perianal fistula is a common complication of Crohn disease, and it is a great burden on the life and psychology of patients, but its treatment is still a difficult problem to face. In recent years, progress in the treatment of Crohn disease has progressed rapidly due to the advent of biological agents, but there has been a lack of research on perianal fistula in Crohn disease, and the direction of research has been scattered; therefore, the author reviews the traditional treatment of perianal fistula in Crohn disease in the context of the available literature and discusses emerging and potential therapeutic approaches.
Central Nervous System Neuroimmunologic Complications of COVID-19
Authors: Holroyd Kathryn B. , Conway Sarah E.
Published: April 2023

Autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system following COVID-19 infection include multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease, autoimmune encephalitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and other less common neuroimmunologic disorders. In general, these disorders are rare and likely represent postinfectious phenomena rather than direct consequences of the SARS-CoV-2 virus itself. The impact of COVID-19 infection on patients with preexisting neuroinflammatory disorders depends on both the disorder and disease-modifying therapy use. Patients with MS do not have an increased risk for severe COVID-19, though patients on anti-CD20 therapies may have worse clinical outcomes and attenuated humoral response to vaccination. Data are limited for other neuroinflammatory disorders, but known risk factors such as older age and medical comorbidities likely play a role. Prophylaxis and treatment for COVID-19 should be considered in patients with preexisting neuroinflammatory disorders at high risk for developing severe COVID-19.
Tubercular Optochiasmatic Arachnoiditis: A Case Report with Current Therapeutics and Management
Authors: Swain Satish , Didwania Akansha , Anand Abhishek , Baitha Upendra
Published: April 2023

Central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS TB) involves the brain parenchyma, meninges, and spinal cord. The primary pathology in CNS TB includes thick basal exudates leading to intense meningeal inflammation, vasculitis, and hydrocephalus. When these exudates and inflammation predominantly involve the structure in and around suprasellar cistern region, it results in a condition called optochiasmatic arachnoiditis (OCA). OCA is one of the cataclysmal complications of CNS TB, leading to vision loss. A previously healthy young woman came to our center with the complaints of low-grade fever, headache, weight loss, and visual obscuration. For further evaluation, she underwent lumbar puncture, and based on cerebrospinal fluid analysis, she was a diagnosed with CNS TB and was promptly started on antitubercular therapy along with steroid. A contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and orbit showed OCA. For OCA, she was given pulse-dose dexamethasone along with intrathecal hyaluronidase with which there was marginal improvement in vision. Management of OCA can be very challenging with unsatisfactory response. Many agents such as pulse steroid, intrathecal hyaluronidase, thalidomide, tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors, and cyclophosphamide have been used with inconsistent results. We have also done a review of the literature for the current evidence and newer therapeutics available for the management of OCA.
Noisy neighbours: effects of construction noises on nesting seabirds
Authors: Iasiello Larissa , Colombelli-Négrel Diane
Published: April 2023

Context Seabirds are important bio-indicators that play an important role in nutrient cycling within coastal communities. Yet, the impact of anthropogenic noises produced from coastal developments across seabird species has received little attention. To create more refined and effective mitigation strategies, a better understanding of how different seabird species and individuals respond to anthropogenic noise is required. Aims This study aimed to assess how individual seabirds respond to noises resulting from coastal development (construction noises). Methods We investigated the behavioural (vigilance, distress) and physiological (heart rate) responses of little penguins (Eudyptula minor) to experimental playback of construction noises and the potential impacts of construction noises on breeding success. Key results Little penguins spent significantly more time in vigilance (but showed no increase in heart rate) during the construction noise playback than they did during the control. Nests exposed to the noise experiment were more likely to produce at least one fledgling compared with those that were not. Conclusions and implications Our results support the distracted prey hypothesis, which over long periods may reduce the time individuals spend performing biologically important behaviours and increase predation risk.
Sulfasalazine exposure during pregnancy and lactation: reproductive outcomes in male rat offspring
Authors: Forcato Simone , Aquino Ana Beatriz de Oliveira , Borges Lorena I. , Thomé Maria Luiza Francisconi Lubanco , Bilibio Júlia O. , Lens Hannah Hamada Mendonça , Erthal Rafaela P. , Guarnier Flávia A. , Fernandes Glaura Scantamburlo Alves , Gerardin Daniela Cristina Ceccatto
Published: April 2023

Context Sulfasalazine (SAS) is a drug prescribed for pregnant and breastfeeding women with chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. SAS treatment induces transitory infertility in both adult men and male rats. Although SAS crosses the placenta and passes into maternal milk, the consequences of maternal SAS exposure on the reproductive development of male offspring needs further study. Aims The current study evaluated whether maternal SAS exposure interferes with the reproductive development of male rat offspring in the neonatal, infant, pubertal and adulthood periods. Methods Pregnant Wistar rats (n = 10/group) received 300 mg/kg/day of SAS dissolved in carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), by gavage, from gestational day 0 to lactation day 21, and 3 mg/kg/day of folic acid during gestation. The control group received CMC. Key results During puberty, maternal SAS exposure increased the total length of seminiferous tubules, and round cells were observed in the lumen of caput and cauda epididymis. Moreover, SAS induced oxidative stress-related alterations in the testes of infant and adolescent rats. Conclusions Although maternal SAS treatment caused reproductive alterations in infant and adolescent male rats, in adulthood, there were no impairments in sperm parameters that could compromise fertility. Implications This study investigated the consequences of maternal exposure to SAS on the reproductive development of male rat offspring from birth to adulthood, employing a human-relevant dose. Thus, this study provides information for better understanding of SAS treatment during critical periods of development.
A study on the intertextuality of Russian media
Authors: Kim Na-young
Published: April 2023

Intertextuality refers to the quality that connects the author and the reader within a single text or, more broadly, the relationship between texts. This study considered the author’s implicit textual intention and the expected effect on the text reader to analyze intertextuality. This study’s subject was the news text from the Russian news program Vesti Nedeli. The motivation behind this study was that anchor briefings are often used in news reports and that the anchor’s value judgments are often highlighted. Using previous researchers’ framing and orientation criteria, I examined how these factors manifested themselves in the news text under investigation. Furthermore, I proposed additional analysis criteria for strategic exposure and metaphor usage. Strategic exposure refers to empowering the text’s development and the text producer’s logic by intentionally exposing a specific scene, whereas metaphors emphasize an object’s positive or negative connotations by using a specific image.
Des animaux et des métiers
Authors: Colombo Timelli Maria
Published: April 2023

Composé par un auteur anonyme au xiv
e
siècle, le Dialogus creaturarum a connu deux traductions
françaises, qui portent la même date (1482) et qui semblent se baser sur le même
modèle latin. Cela ne peut qu’encourager le linguiste à comparer les
deux versions vernaculaires: bien que mené sur un corpus limité (une petite
dizaine de “Dialogues” sur 122), un tel examen confirme, d’un côté, la
liberté dont les traducteurs du xv
e siècle disposaient face
à leur source; et révèle de l’autre la technique de chacun – une
technique qui peut aussi dépendre des destinataires: si Colard Mansion composait
ses beaux manuscrits pour les lecteurs de la cour de Bourgogne,
l’imprimé sorti des presses de Geraert Leeu à Gouda visait
indubitablement un public plus large, certes intéressé par le contenu de ces
“fables”, mais sans doute moins sensible aux finesses
stylistiques de la prose française de ce temps.
Un Apprenti Sorcier medievale
Authors: Lecco Margherita
Published: April 2023

L’histoire de l’Apprenti Sorcier est aujourd’hui bien connue par la ballade de Goethe Der Zauberlehrling et le poème symphonique de Paul Dukas du même titre. Mais elle plonge ses racines dans des matériaux qui remontent à l’antiquité pré-chrétienne et au monde indien, dont, avant la Renaissance, on ne lit dans la littérature européenne que deux versions, celle de Lucien de Samosata (IIe siècle) et celle des Piacevoli Notti du noveliste italien Straparola (début du XVIe siècle). L’article envisage d’en reconnaître (autant que possible) une version dans le Renart magicien, épisode de la branche 23 du Roman de Renart.
Study of microstructure and mechanical properties of 17-4 PH stainless steel produced via Binder Jetting
Authors: Emanuelli Lorena , Segata Giacomo , Perina Matteo , Regolini Martin , Nicchiotti Valentina , Molinari Alberto
Published: April 2023

The microstructure and mechanical properties of 17-4 stainless steel produced by Binder Jetting (BJT) and heat treated according to the standard conditions for the 17-4 PH steel (H900 and H1100) were investigated. The sintered relative density is 97.8% with a slightly anisotropic shrinkage. Tensile strength and elongation are above the minimum required for the wrought steel and comparable to those of the same material manufactured by Metal Injection Molding. They are also better than those reported in the literature for the 17-4 PH stainless steel manufactured by BJT. Tensile elongation at fracture is anisotropic, highlighting a significant dependence of the non-uniform plastic deformation on the direction.
Effect of Anisotropic Impurity Scattering in D-Wave Superconductors
Authors: Wang Ze-Long , Mao Rui-Ying , Wang Da , Wang Qiang-Hua
Published: April 2023

In d

x
2–y
2
-wave superconductors, the effect of s-wave point disorder has been extensively studied in literature. We study the anisotropic disorder in the form of

V

k

k
′

imp

=

V
i

f
k

f

k
′

with fk
= cos(2θ) (θ the azimuthal angle of k), as proposed to be caused by apical oxygen vacancies in overdoped La-based cuprate films, under the Born approximation. The disorder self-energy and d-wave pairing affect each other and must be solved simultaneously self-consistently. We find that the self-energy is reduced at low frequencies and thus weakens the pair-breaking effect. This frequency dependence vanishes in the dirty limit for which the disorder is well described by a scattering rate

Γ
k

=

Γ
i

f
k
2

. One consequence of the disorder effect is that the gap-to-T
c ratio 2Δ(0)/T
c is greatly enhanced by the d-wave disorder, much larger than the s-wave disorder and the clean BCS value 4.28. Lastly, we generalize the d-wave scattering rate to a general form

Γ
θ

=

Γ
α

|
θ
−

θ
0

|
α

around each nodal direction θ
0. We find the density of states ρ(ω)–ρ(0)∝|ω| (ω
2) for all α ≥ 1 (α < 1) in the limit of ω → 0. As a result, the superfluid density ρ
s exhibits two and only two possible scaling behaviors: ρ
s(0)–ρ
s(T)∝ T (T
2) for α ≥ 1 (α < 1) in the low temperature limit.