bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lakásrezsim és a devizahitel-válság: intézményi és egyéni stratégiák
Authors: Csizmady Adrienne , Hegedüs József , Vonnák Diána
Published: December 2021

A tanulmány a devizahitel-válság kialakulását és következményeit elemzi a lakásrendszer kontextusában. A lakásprivatizációt előtérbe helyező, az államilag támogatott lakásfinanszírozást felszámoló lakáspolitika 1990 után egy torz lakásrezsimhez vezetett, amely a piaci hitelekkel finanszírozott magántulajdon kiszélesítésében látta a megoldást az alacsonyabb jövedelmű rétegek lakáshelyzetének rendezésére is. Ez a 2000-es évek elején kezdődő hitelpiaci expanzióval, kamat- és egyéb támogatásokkal indult. 2004 után leginkább alacsony kamatozású, kockázatos, devizaalapú hiteltermékek ösztönözték a növekedést. A 2000-es évek elején meginduló trendek közepette ez reális stratégiának tűnt: az intézményi és a lakossági szereplők számára tarthatónak látszott a jelzálog-hitelezésre épülő megoldás. A 2008-as válság alapvetően megváltoztatta a helyzetet: a devizahitelek veszteségessé váltak, így megindult a veszteség költségeinek elosztására irányuló politikai-társadalmi vita, amelyben a szereplők ellenérdekeltek voltak. Az egységes értelmezést inkompatibilis értelmezések és a hozzájuk kapcsolt megoldási javaslatok váltották fel. A tanulmányban amellett érvelünk, hogy a szereplők alkalmazkodási stratégiái és viselkedése újra megerősítették a lakásrezsim torz elemeit. 2015 után a gazdaság (EU-támogatásokból finanszírozott) stabilizációjára épülő lakáspolitika ismét a piaci finanszírozású magántulajdonra épít, elfeledkezve a megelőző másfél évtized kudarcáról.
Összefüggések a párkapcsolat szerkezete és felbomlása között a nemzetközi szakirodalom tükrében
Authors: Erát Dávid
Published: December 2021

Írásomban bemutatom a párkapcsolat szerkezete és felbomlása között felfedezhető kapcsolat elméleti hátterét, valamint a témában született válogatott empirikus kutatások eredményeit. A párkapcsolatok összetételét és minőségét tárgyaló elméletek közül gyakran alkalmazott Becker modellje, mely a hangsúlyt a párkapcsolatban lévő személyek specializációjára és kölcsönös egymástól függésére helyezi. A specializációs felfogással szemben viszont más elméletek a hasonlóság lehetséges pozitív hatásait – hasonló világnézet, jobb kommunikáció, egyező élethelyzetek – emelik ki. Az empirikus eredmények többnyire a specializációs modellt támogatják. Az alkudozási perspektíva szerint az erőforrások egyenlőtlensége aszimmetrikus döntési viszonyokat alakít ki a párkapcsolatban, ami növeli a kapcsolat instabilitását. Az alkudozási perspektívához köthető relációs kohézió elmélete szerint bizonyos tényezők mellett a felek egyenlőtlen viszonyaiból is eredeztethető egy párkapcsolat stabilitása. A relációs kohézió által feltételezett folyamatokat a bemutatott kutatás eredménye igazolta. A kapcsolatok szerkezetének és tartósságának vizsgálatakor elengedhetetlen a párkapcsolati piacok és az uralkodó normák figyelembevétele. A makrostrukturális körülmények elősegíthetik bizonyos kapcsolatszerkezeti formák létrejöttét, és a lehetséges párkapcsolati alternatívák száma az egyéneket a kapcsolat felbontására hajlamosíthatja. A normák befolyásolják a különféle kapcsolatok megítélését a társadalomban (ezzel hatást gyakorolva stabilitásukra), a késleltetett forradalom elmélete szerint viszont a normák átalakulása csak lemaradva követi a tényleges strukturális változásokat. Az eredmények szerint a normák és a párkapcsolati piac átalakulásával összefügg a nem tradicionális kapcsolatok terjedése, valamint instabilitásuk csökkenése.
„A cél, hogy legyen egy kisbabád, és minden mást félreteszel” – Etikai keretek az embriókkal kapcsolatos döntéseknél a lombikeljárás során
Authors: Vicsek Lilla , Bauer Zsófia , Szolnoki Noémi
Published: December 2021

Amióta 1978-ban megszületett az első in vitro fertilizációs (IVF) kisbaba, világszerte rengeteg csecsemő fogant lombikbébi-eljárás segítségével. A tanulmány azt tárgyalja, hogy az eljárásban résztvevő páciensek beszámolóiban milyen etikai keretekkel találkozhatunk, és ezek miként jelennek meg az embrióval kapcsolatos döntéseik során. A cikk arra is kitér, hogy a meddőségi klinikán dolgozók mit kommunikálnak a páciensek felé, és ez miként befolyásolhatja gondolkodásukat. A kutatás keretében 20 félig strukturált interjú készült páciensekkel Magyarországon, valamint megfigyeléseket is végeztünk egy meddőségi klinikán. Manapság, amikor számos biopolitikai döntés a páciensekre hárul, lombikeljárásuk során is egy sor különféle, gyakran nehéz döntést kell meghozniuk. Az interjúkra támaszkodva a cikkben bemutatjuk, hogy a kérdezettek lombikeljárásról folytatott diskurzusában a domináns etikai keret a gyógykezelési etikai keret volt. Ennek a keretnek fontos jellemzője az embrióhierarchia: az interjúalanyok többsége különböző módokon konstruálta meg az embriókat az idő, a helyük és a biológiai jellemzőik függvényében, illetve elsősorban annak megfelelően, hogy azok miként tudtak hozzájárulni a kezelési céljukhoz. Az interjúalanyok beszámolói és a terepkutatás alapján kísérletet teszünk arra, hogy rekonstruáljuk, miként erősítheti tovább ezt az etikai keretet a klinikai környezet. A megerősítés többek között nyelvi kódok, vizuális tartalmak segítségével, valamint ontológiai manipuláció alkalmazása révén (amikor a biológiai entitásokat lényegileg más jellegűként prezentálják a pácienseknek aszerint, hogy milyen sorsot javasolnak számukra) valósult meg. A domináns etikai keret mellett tárgyaljuk a diskurzusokban jelentkező kisebbségi etikai kereteket is.
Evaluating complex interventions in international development
Authors:   London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Masset Edoardo , Shrestha Som ,   London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Juden Matt ,   London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Published: December 2021

Complex interventions are those that are characterized by multiple components, multiple stakeholders, or multiple target populations. They may also be interventions that incorporate multiple processes of behavioral change. While such interventions are very common and receive a large proportion of development aid budgets, they are rarely subject to rigorous evaluations. The CEDIL Methods Working Paper, Evaluating Complex Interventions in International Development reviews promising methods for the evaluation of complex interventions that are new or have been used in a limited way. It offers a taxonomy of complex interventions in international development and draws on literature to discuss several methods that can be used to evaluate these interventions. The paper focuses its attention on methods that address causality and allow us to state conclusively whether an intervention works or not. It shows that several rigorous methods developed in different disciplines can be adapted and used to evaluate complex interventions in international development.
Oleuropein ve Kuersetinin Covıd-19 Hastalığında Etkinliği
Authors: DELİKANLI AKBAY Gülşen
Published: December 2021

Aromatik halkasında bir veya daha fazla hidroksil grubu içeren bileşikler fenolik madde olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Fenolik maddeler bitkilerin meyve, sebze, yaprak, tohum, çiçek, gövde ve dallarında bulunmaktadır. Fenolik maddeler antioksidan özelliklerine bağlı olarak antikanserojen, antimutajenik, antimikrobiyal aktivite göstermektedir ve insan sağlığı ile yakından ilişkilidir. Zeytin, zeytin yaprağı ve zeytinyağı fenolik içerikleri ile önemli bileşiklerdir. Oleuropein, zeytin meyvesinin olgunlaşmadan önceki döneminde bol miktarda bulunan, meyve olgunlaştıkça miktarı azalan ve meyveye acı tat veren bir maddedir. Kuersetin; lahanalar, soğan, kırmızı üzüm ve çayda bol miktarda bulunan polifenolik bir flavonoiddir. Diyette en fazla bulunan flavonoid olan kuersetin diyet suplemanları, yiyecek ve içeceklere acı tat veren bir maddedir. Çalışmalar, oleuropein ve kuersetinin organizmadaki zararlı maddelerin hücre yapısını bozarak sağlık için olumlu etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. COVID-19 koronavirüs ailesinin son tanımlanan türlerinden biridir. Tedavi ve korunma yöntemi bulunmayan hastalığa karşı insanlar çeşitli çözümler denemektedir. Bu bağlamda başvurulan yollardan önemli bir tanesi de fenolik bileşiklerdir. Bu çalışmada, dünya genelinde birçok insanın hayatını kaybetmesine neden olan COVID-19’ a karşı oleuropeinin ve kuersetinin etkinliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
REFLEKSI PEMIKIRAN ARISTOTELES SEBAGAI LANDASAN EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Adet Tamula Anugrah
Published: December 2021

Abstrak : Problematika pendidikan khususnya dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam sangat kompleks. Di antara problematika tersebut tiga hal yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap keberlangsungan proses pembelajaran, yaitu metode pembelajaran, kualitas guru, dan karakter siswa. Aristoteles sebagai filusuf dan tokoh teori pembelajaran memiliki pemikiran logis dan sistematis sebagai landasan evaluasi pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Sehingga penilitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis pemikiran Aristoteles dan pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam sebagai salah satu landasan evaluasi pembelajaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan atau library research. Hasil dari penilitan ini menujukkan bahwa pemikiran Aristoteles bisa digunakan sebagai kritik dan bahan evaluasi khususnya mengenai metode pembelajaran, kualitas guru, dan cara mengatasi siswa yang memiliki bad attitude.
STRATEGI GURU PAI DALAM MENERAPKAN BUDAYA LITERASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BACA PESERTA DIDIK DI SMA NW SURALAGA
Authors: M Amin Rizki Suryadi  , Muh Zulkifli  , Komaruddin
Published: December 2021

Siswa SMA NW Suralaga merupakan anak-anak yang masih perlu dibina dalam penerapan literasi baca, sebab belum memiliki kestabilan yang baik  dalam penerapan literasi, dan dalam mengatur waktu sehari-hari. Guru PAI dan Guru staf yang lain mengetahui kekurangan dan kelebihan Strategi yang digunakan untuk menerapkan budaya Literasi kepada siswa dan siswi SMA NW Suralaga. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang menggunakan metode penelitian deskriftif dengan jenis penelitian lapangan (field research) yang berlokasi di SMA NW Suralaga. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan wawancara, observaasi, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah strategi guru PAI dalalm menerapkan budaya literasi untuk meningkatkan minat baca peserta didik SMA NW Suralaga yaitu, melalui bimbingan dan strategi, strategi pembiasaan, dan melalui event atau pertemuan medatangkan komuniytas-komunitas yang bergelut dibidang literasi, kunjungan ke Perpustakaan Daerah Lombok Timur untuk tour book satu kali dalam seminggu. kelebihan: meningkatkan minat baca siswa, meningkatkan pemahaman tentang literasi, meningkatkan kesadaran siswa dan menjadikan siswa terbiasa dalam menerapkan budaya literasi baca. Kekurangan: masih ada siswa yang lebih mementingkan hal-hal yang tidak bermanfaat kettika keluar main, seperti main game dan berolahraga ketika bukan jam olahraga, sehingga strategbi guru PAI untukn meningkatkan minat baca tidak terlaksanakan dengan maksimal untuk siswa dan siswi SMA NW Suralaga
BEST PRACTISE UPAYA PENINGKATAN KETUNTASAN BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN METODE C3T DAN TUTOR SEBAYA
Authors: NURWIJANI ELSA WIDJAJANTI
Published: December 2021

The impression of science subjects as difficult and boring lessons has an impact on the lack of motivation in doing math problems. This results in the low achievement of student learning mastery. This activity focuses on the implementation of the C3T method and peer tutoring in an effort to improve students' science learning mastery, in class VIII MTsN 14 Jombang. The results of the activity showed an increase in the learning mastery of class VIII MTsN 14 Jombang students from 6 students to 28 students. The C3T method as a method that emphasizes students to play an active, fast and intelligent role in learning is proven to be able to increase the motivation of all students so that complete learning can be achieved. The peer tutoring method fosters the self-confidence of students who become peer tutors and a sense of togetherness for students who have not yet completed.

ABSTRAKKesan mata pelajaran IPA sebagai pelajaran yang sulit dan membosankan membawa dampak pada kurangnya motivasi dalam mengerjakan soal IPA hitungan. Hal tersebut berakibat pada rendahnya pencapaian ketuntasan belajar siswa. Kegiatan ini berfokus pada implementasi metode C3T dan tutor sebaya dalam upaya meningkatkan ketuntasan belajar IPA siswa, di kelas VIII MTsN 14 Jombang. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan ketuntasan belajar siswa kelas VIII MTsN 14 Jombang dari 6 siswa menjadi 28 siswa. Metode C3T sebagai metode yang menekankan peserta didik untuk berperan aktif, cepat dan cerdas dalam pembelajaran terbukti mampu menambah motivasi seluruh siswa sehingga ketuntasan belajar bisa tercapai. Metode tutor sebaya menumbuhkan rasa percaya diri siswa yang menjadi tutor sebaya dan rasa kebersamaan bagi siswa yang belum tuntas.
Collecting ego-centred network data via the web
Authors: Lozar Manfreda Katja , Vehovar Vasja , Hlebec Valentina
Published: December 2021

Owing to their complex data structure face-to-face surveys are a typical data collection method for ego-centred social networks. Usually the interviewer is required to handle the list of alters in order to reduce misunderstandings and typing errors and increase the respondents' motivation. When answering questions about each alter the respondent is given help. Compared to face-to-face or telephone interviews Web data collection can substantially reduce the costs, time, and fatigue in managing the complex questionnaire required for data collection of ego-centred data. Such data collection is especially suitable for special populations familiar with Internet tools. However, particular attention to questionnaire design has to be paid if a respondent is expected to complete a Web questionnaire by him or herself, compiling a list of alters and giving information about them. One trial in the collection of ego-centred networks via the Web was performed during the annual RIS (Research on Internet in Slovenia) Web survey conducted by the Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ljubljana. Respondents were randomly split into four groups. Each group received a name generator for one type of social support: material, informational, emotional support or social companionship. Each respondent also received a set of questions for each alter they named in the network generator. Data collection was carried out between June and October 2001. The quality of the data was studied with respect to the number of listed alters and by two question wording forms for name generators. The analysis shows that the Web can be used as a data collection method for ego-centred social networks. However, special attention is required when designing the graphic layout of name generators as well as with the wording of instructions. In particular, the number of alters should be limited in some way, since respondents who name many alters tend to quit the questionnaire before answering additional questions regarding these alters.
Asking social network questions
Authors: De Lange Daniëlle , Agneessens Filip , Waege Hans
Published: December 2021

Research findings indicate that different types of social relations have an important influence on the performance of employees in organisations. This paper focuses on a comparison of different methods for acquiring information on advice, cooperation, friendship, adversarial and superficial networks in knowledge organisations. We investigate the applicability of three distinct measurement methods to acquire different kinds of complete network data by means of the recognition method. Data were collected in a small governmental organisation consisting of knowledge workers. First, employees were presented a short description of a specific situation in which social relations with their colleagues might play a significant role. They had to indicate if (or how often) this specific situation occurred with each of the colleagues. Second, respondents were asked to indicate whether a specific relational concept (in this case 'advice' or 'friendship') applied to each of their relations with their colleagues. Third, we provided respondents with four semantic differentials (e.g. distrust-trust) on which they needed to position their relation with the other employees. Whether these different measurement instruments capture distinct aspects of the relation between employees, or whether they measure the same underlying concepts, is one of the major concerns of this paper. The aim of this paper is twofold. First of all, we want to know to what extent these different measurement instruments overlap. Second, we would like to find out to what degree these different methods as a whole give us conceptually different and complementary information. To the extent that items are correlated within one method and between methods we need to investigate which of these different instruments is best suited for our content related purposes. The criteria used for selecting the most appropriate method are minimal item non-response – i.e. from the viewpoint of measuring complete networks – and maximum relational diversity with a minimum of questions.
Precise mathematical model for the ratchet tooth root bending stress
Authors: Liu Chao , Ding Ning , Duan Jingsong , Zhou Lili , Cui Shanfu , Jiang Shuna , Li Aofei
Published: December 2021

Abstract. A ratchet is an essential component of the ratchet pawl mechanism. But the traditional ratchet strength check method has certain limitations in the design process. In this paper, the stress analysis of the ratchet is discussed and a precision mathematical model for the ratchet tooth root bending stress is proposed for the first time. This model was established by the folded section and defined by the incision effect theory. To test the prediction ability of the proposed mathematical model, the maximum stress of three standard ratchets and one non-standard ratchet were analyzed by the FEA (finite element analysis) method. The non-standard ratchet was adapted in the ratchet experiment to analyze its maximum stress. The analysis results presented in this paper show that the proposed mathematical model has a good predictability, regardless of whether it is a standard or non-standard ratchet. It is recommended that this model can be used to predict the ratchet tooth root bending stress in the ratchet design process.
Penentuan Waktu Standar Pada Proses Packaging Kerupuk (Studi Kasus: UKM Kerupuk Cabe Bintang Purnama)
Authors: Irma Putri Ade , Fitra Fitra , Suarlin Jhon
Published: December 2021

Usaha kecil menengah (UKM) merupakan suatu bentuk usaha yang didirikan berdasarkan inisiatif sesorang yang dapat menciptakan lapangan bagi masyarakat luas. Salah satu UKM yang ada di Kota Dumai yang bergerak di bidang makanan yaitu UKM Kerupuk Cabe Bintang Purnama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui waktu standar bagi pekerja untuk menyelesaikan suatu kegiatan hingga menghasilkan produk dengan kemasan berat 10 gram, 50 gram, 150 gram dan 350 gram, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode stopwatch time study dimana metode yang digunakan untuk menghitung waktu kerja operator dan produksi dengan metode kerja yang terbaik pada proses packaging dari mulai pengerjaan memasukkan kerupuk hingga pada proses sealing kerupuk. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah waktu standar untuk proses pembungkusan kerupuk cabe dengan ukuran 10 gram diperoleh waktu 13,62 detik, ukuran 50 gram diperoleh waktu 27,02 detik, ukuran 150 gram diperoleh waktu 27,91 detik, dan ukuran 350 gram diperoleh waktu 45,66 detik. Waktu standar untuk proses pengeleman kerupuk cabe dengan ukuran 50 gram diperoleh waktu 06,11 detik, ukuran 150 gram diperoleh waktu 11,86 detik, dan ukuran 350 gram diperoleh waktu 18,77 detik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka untuk pengingkatan dan mengefisienkan waktu kerja dapat dilakukan perbaikan atau peninjauan kembali metode kerja yang akan dilakukan.
Pengendalian Kualitas Produk Refined Bleached And Deodorized Palm Kernel Oil Di PT Kuala Lumpur Kepong Dumai
Authors: Talieris Sarumaha Junior , Febrina Wetri , Buchari Julanos
Published: December 2021

Kualitas merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam aktivitas produksi. Hal ini menuntut perusahaan untuk tetap menjaga kualitas produk yang diproduksinya sehingga produknya dapat diterima konsumen serta mampu bersaing di pasar. PT KLK Dumai merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang pengolahan Crude Palm Kernel Oil (CPKO). Perusahaan ini masih mempunyai permasalahan pada mutu Refined Bleached And Deodorized Palm Kernel Oil (RBDPKO) dimana produk tidak memenuhi parameter yang telah ditentukan  yang disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah adalah metode Six Sigma. Metode ini terbagi atas 5 tahapan, yaitu Define, Measure, Analyze, Improvement dan Control (DMIAC). Parameter produk dengan persentase cacat tertinggi adalah parameter FFA yaitu 7%, kemudian parameter colour yaitu 5% dan yang terendah adalah parameter Moisture yaitu 1%. Pengujian kapabilitas proses diketahui nilai Cpk FFA 1,62 > 1, nilai Cpk Moisture 2,97 > 1 dan nilai Cpk Colour 1,27 > 1 hal ini menunjukkan bahwa parameter FFA, Moisture dan Colour memenuhi spesifikasi akan tetapi harus dilakukan pemantauan.Faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas RBDPKO terdiri atas manusia, metode, mesin, material dan lingkungan. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan pada parameter mutu Produk RBDPKO penulis menerapkan metode 5W-1H.
Espectros de la Filosofía del Derecho en la literatura alemana de entreguerras: Kafka, Musil y Döblin
Authors: Domínguez Antonio Sánchez
Published: December 2021

La relación entre el derecho y el derecho como motivo literario encuentra durante la literatura alemana en la época Weimar su expresión más depurada. Esta investigación se acerca a por qué en ese momento de la historia europea esta literatura -caracterizada aquí con tres autores que escriben en lengua alemana: Kafka, Musil y Döblin- se autocomprende en muchos de sus momentos principales como un cuestionamiento de algunos de los problemas principales de la Filosofía del Derecho de la época. De la misma manera aparece así una “ruptura” nietzscheana con la filosofía del derecho de la época clásica alemana.
Republicanismo y liberalismo en Argentina durante el posperonismo: las trayectorias de los juristas cordobeses Ricardo Cayetano Núñez, Pedro José Frías y Sebastián Soler (1955-1989)
Authors: Rojas Agustín
Published: December 2021

La siguiente investigación explora tanto los derroteros políticos como académicos de tres juristas significativos de la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, entre 1955 y 1989: Ricardo Cayetano Núñez, Pedro José Frías y Sebastián Soler. El justificativo de esta “tríada” es nada menos que destacar a figuras cercanas y representativas de la cultura jurídica nacional e internacional y sus nexos con el republicanismo. Incluir en esta historia de los intelectuales una reflexión sobre los lenguajes políticos, permite involucrar dimensiones profundas acerca de los desafíos que implican tales identidades. En este sentido, el contexto previsto del posperonismo ilumina perfectamente las tensiones que concernían a los tres sujetos en cuestión quienes experimentaron ciertas dificultades para conciliar los conceptos de democracia, libertad, orden y república.
Lecturas liberales desde Un mundo feliz: Huxley, Lippmann, Ortega y Dewey ante la homogeneización social.
Authors: Gutiérrez Simón Rodolfo
Published: December 2021

El presente artículo analiza cómo una serie de autores autodenominados liberales perciben y critican la homogeneización social artificialmente producida. Para ello, se toma como referencia la obra Un mundo feliz, de Aldous Huxley, donde dicho procedimiento se vincula claramente con una sociedad totalitaria. A partir de ahí, se estudian las críticas que realizan a la homogeneización el propio Huxley, Walter Lippmann y Ortega y Gasset, recurriendo también a conceptos de William James. Se muestra la vinculación existente entre la homogeneización social y los movimientos totalitarios de comienzos del siglo XX, y se concluye con una propuesta inspirada por el pensamiento de John Dewey.
János Kornai i jego wiekopomne dzieło
Authors: KOŁODKO Grzegorz W.
Published: December 2021

Odszedł János Kornai (1928–2021). Nie doczekał bezsprzecznie należącej mu się od wielu już lat Nagrody Nobla za niekwestionowany, oryginalny i twórczy wkład do myśli ekonomicznej. To nie tylko od czasów Oskara Langego i Michała Kaleckiego najwybitniejszy ekonomista Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej, a nawet całego obszaru byłych krajów socjalistycznych z ich centralnie planowanymi gospodarkami, lecz uczony światowego formatu, wraz z biegiem czasu doceniany we wszystkich jego odległych od macierzystych Węgier miejscach.
Natura kryzysu w świetle analizy filozoficzno-ekonomicznej
Authors: ZALESKO Marian , KARGOL-WASILUK Aneta
Published: December 2021

W artykule została przedstawiona natura kryzysu w perspektywie humanistyczno-społecznej. W przeświadczeniu autorów wyjaśnieniu procesu pojawiania i rozprzestrzeniania się kryzysów powinna towarzyszyć nie tylko ekonomia, lecz także refleksja z obszaru filozofii, a nawet sfery nauk politycznych. Opracowanie ma charakter przeglądowy. Zostało przygotowane przy wykorzystaniu metody analizy i krytyki piśmiennictwa. Zastosowano podejście deskryptywne i interdyscyplinarne. Wielowątkowy charakter rozważań na temat architektury kryzysu powinien pobudzić dyskusję, która, być może, stanie się fundamentem do bardziej precyzyjnej interpretacji zjawisk kryzysowych (spojrzenie holistyczne na pojawiające się wokół nas problemy ma znaczenie). Celem artykułu jest wskazanie różnych możliwości analizy istoty kryzysów. Za punkt wyjścia prowadzonych rozważań przyjęto ukazanie złożoności kryzysów, a także ich trajektorii. W dalszej kolejności są eksponowane problemy ekonomistów z przewidywaniem wystąpienia zakłóceń w funkcjonowaniu gospodarki. Dyskusję zamyka część poświęcona debacie polskich ekonomistów nad anatomią kryzysu (interpretacją źródeł kryzysów oraz ich implikacji dla szeroko rozumianej sfery życia człowieka). W zakończeniu sformułowano wnioski dotyczące kontestacji przestarzałego myślenia ekonomicznego o szeroko rozumianych zjawiskach kryzysowych. Okazuje się bowiem, że kryzysy coraz bardziej obnażają obszary nieładu w różnych sferach życia człowieka. Wskazują również na zawodność teorii ekonomii w kształtowaniu rzeczywistości w przestrzeni społecznej, ekonomicznej, a także politycznej.
PERFORMANCE OF TEACHERS EDUCATORS DURING ADE PRACTICUM IN URBAN AND RURAL TEACHER EDUCATION INSTITUTES OF SINDH
Authors: Saima Iqbal, Ahmed Saeed, Mahmood-ul-Hassan Mujahid
Published: December 2021

Teaching practicum is an essential component of teacher education program. It helps to modify the behaviors of student teachers. The study focused on urban and rural teacher educators’ skills, professional competencies, and teaching methods. The scope of the study was limited to ADE practicum in teacher Education Institutes of Sindh. The objective of the study was to analyze the performance of Teachers Educators during practicum. Intensive literature review was done. The strategy of research was quantitative. The population of study was 427 teacher educators. Stratified random sampling design was used to draw a sample of 300. Hypotheses were analyzed statistically, and it was found that the difference of performance based on location of the teacher educator’s institute. The professional competence and methods employed to achieve the goals of teaching are same among all teacher educators. Based on findings concrete recommendations were made. Administration should arrange the refresher courses for teacher’s educators, adequate training and designing of skill practice session. The outcomes of the finding enhance the professional competency of the teacher educators and effectiveness to ADE practicum process.
IMPACT OF ONLINE EDUCATION ON STUDENT’S SATISFACTION AND SELFCONFIDENCE ON LEARNING DURING COVID -19 IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Sahira Zaman, Heeba Nashmena
Published: December 2021

Educational institutions were closed in Pakistan due to the COVID-19 pandemic and started online classes to continue the education system. A web-based survey was conducted to investigate students' level of satisfaction in learning and self-confidence over proficiency in lessons learned during online classes. A fast, reliable internet facility took as a mediator between the study variables. The sample consisted of 160 university students from both rural and urban backgrounds of Punjab. Two scales; an adapted version of Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning and an online education scale used in the study. Results showed a significant negative relationship between online education and student satisfaction, self-confidence over the material learned. However, the fast and reliable internet connection significantly mediates the levels of satisfaction and self-confidence upon learning. The study found that university students are only satisfied and confident with their material learned if the technology supports this education system.
U.S DRONE STRATEGY IN WAR AGAINST TERRORISM AND ITS REPERCUSSIONS ON PAKISTAN’S NATIONAL SECURITY
Authors: Dr. Zubaida Aziz, Dr. Rani Erum
Published: December 2021

Respective research intended to examine the effect of the US drone strategy on Pakistan’s national security. It is based on the diverse opinion of analysts some of whom suggest that these incursions were the clear defilement of International Law and sovereignty of Pakistan thus enhancing resentment provoking more terrorism. Others argue the effectiveness of drone attacks against terrorists. Though unpopular these strikes have helped U.S. counterterrorism efforts in Pakistan. As a partner of America in the war against terror, Pakistan is being adversely affected by this strategy. It has resulted in not only civilian casualties but has further provoked terrorists to retaliate thus affecting internal security and law and order concerns of Pakistan. Should these strikes continue or be abandoned altogether or be brought within a prescribed format is now the issue of concern. This will be dealt with considering various approaches, implications, and regulations
Influence of Product Innovation And Business Management on the Welfare of the Fishing Community (Studi Kasus di Desa Bedono, Kecamatan Sayung, Demak)
Authors: Rinto Armoko  , Dwi Retnandari Septina
Published: December 2021

This research, which is based on the findings of fishermen welfare problems in Bedono Village, Sayung District, Demak Regency, aims to determine the effect of product innovation and business management on the welfare of fishing communities. Determination of the sample using proportional random sampling method with a sample of 37 people. The hypothesis was tested using Multiple Linear Regression analysis, t test and mediation test with the help of the SPSS version 24.0 program. The data used in this study are primary data and the instrument is a questionnaire. The results showed that product innovation had no effect on the welfare of fishermen and business management had no effect on the welfare of fishermen either. Product innovation and business management have no effect on the welfare of fishermen. Suggestions in this study include increasing fishermen's knowledge and skills by providing coaching and courses. To improve physical health, there are needs to built more adequate health facilities and to make socialization program on adequate physical and environmental health from village officials.
Studi On Person Over Board dalam Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Maritim di Polimarin Semarang
Authors: Kusumartono P.  Tony , Santoso Hero Budi , Noviarianto Noviarianto
Published: December 2021

Person Over Board (POB) is one of the emergencies that still occurs on board, a passenger or crew member falls into the sea. This situation is very dangerous if it occurs in the middle of the ocean or in cold waters because of hypothermia which can cause unconsciousness and death within minutes. This research focuses on investigating the improvement of the response of polytechnic students during emergencies, namely Person over board (POB) with the support of manouver onboard training in Bridge Simulator as well as making decisions on safe maneuvering and precise ship response manouvre in POB rescue actions. This study uses descriptive methods to assess ship manouvre training especially when person over board (POB) among Indonesian maritime polytechnic students, which are designed for students and researchers to gather information about the conditions needed in the field of nautical studies. The rescue attempts of the Anderson, Williamson and Scharnow model of rescue turn are carried out in radar and arpa simulators, student responses with the support of manual maneuvers on board and vessel motion data which include time, distance, speed and direction of the ship or angle of target bearing. The accuracy of student responses made during a POB emergency does not always comply with the instructions in the Manouvre on Board manual. Errors occur at the beginning of the maneuver which could mean a negative impact that endangers POB safety. Safe and precise ship maneuverability in the POB situation is influenced by the time factor of the incident and when the POB is known.
Prediksi Kelulusan Seleksi Mahasiswa Baru Jalur SBMPN Pada Politeknik Maritim Negeri Indonesia Menggunakan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan Backpropagation
Authors: Warsina Warsina , Kurniawan Fajarsari
Published: December 2021

One of the selection routes for new student admissions at the Indonesian State Maritime Polytechnic (Polimarin) is the Joint Selection to Enter the State Polytechnic (SBMPN). Furthermore, the SBMPN selection results as the results of stage one tests and other specific tests which include interview, psychological, health, and fitness tests as stage two tests can predict the level of accuracy of passing from the required criteria. These criteria are used as variables to predict the graduation of prospective students on the SBMPN pathway conducted by Polimarin. The method used uses Backpropagation Artificial Neural Network with input variables, namely the average value of report cards from semester 1 to 5, interview scores, psychological test scores, health scores, and equality values. This system was developed with Mathlab software. Based on the results of testing the training data, the level of accuracy reaches 100% which can be classified as the best classification, with an accuracy value of 92.85 percent. This system is intended to help management predict the selection of the SBMPN route in the following year.
Keçi sütü somatik hücre sayısı eşik değerlerinin diğer süt parametreleri ile karşılaştırılarak subklinik mastitisin tanısında kullanılabilirliği
Authors: TAVŞANLI Hakan , EKTİK Nisanur , SAAT Nevzat , İLHAN Ziya
Published: December 2021

Bu çalışmada, Saanen ırkı keçilerden alınan süt örnekleri somatik hücre sayısı (SHS), elektriksel iletkenlik (Eİ), toplam aerobik mezofilik bakteri (TAMB) sayısı ve bazı fiziko-kimyasal parametreler bakımından test edilerek, sonuçların üç farklı SHS eşik değerine göre değerlendirilmesi ve subklinik mastitislerin tansında kullanılabilirliklerinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Çalışmada, 190 (%60,7) adeti elle, 123 (%39,3) adeti ise makineyle sağım olmak üzere toplam 313 baş keçiden alınan süt örneği kullanıldı. Süt örnekleri SHS, kuru madde, yağ, protein, laktoz, Eİ, pH ve TAMB sayısı yönünden incelendi. Böylece, Avrupa Birliği Otoritesi SHS eşik değerinin altında ve üstünde olan süt örnekleri arasında pH, protein, laktoz ve TAMB sayısı bakımından istatistiksel farklılık saptandı (p<0,05). Avrupa Birliği Otoritesi eşik değerinin altında SHS değerine sahip süt örneklerinde pH, protein ve laktoz oranı ile TAMB sayısı sırasıyla, 6,72, %4,47, %4,60 ve 3,92 kob/ml; eşik değerin üstünde SHS değerine sahip süt örneklerinde ise 6,76, %3,46, %4,46 ve 4,98 kob/ml olarak belirlendi. Süt örneklerinin subklinik mastitis tanısında Avrupa Birliği Otoritesi kriteriyle daha uyumlu sonuçlar verdiği görüldü.
Cryptocurrency and the Nigerian Economy
Authors: T.T. Siyanbola , S.I. Audu , A.R. Adediran , A. Agbaje
Published: December 2021

The development of cryptocurrency as a means of exchange without legal backing and invisibility of the identity of operators has posed peculiar challenges such as illicit financial flow and terrorism amongst others, to the country. This study, therefore, sought to examine the effect of cryptocurrency on the Nigerian economy. The study was hinged on social exchange theory. Secondary data were obtained from the CBN statistical bulletin and Global Financial Integrity Report for a period of six years from 2013 to 2018. The data were analyzed using a simple regression model. The result shows that R is 5.8% which means that there is a low positive relationship between cryptocurrency and the level of economic development in Nigeria. It further shows an adjusted R square of -24.6 which depicts that cryptocurrency has a low inverse effect on the level of economic development in Nigeria. In conclusion, the computed p-value of 0.913 which is higher than the set p-value of 0.05 shows that cryptocurrency does not have a significant effect on the level of economic development in Nigeria. Hence, it is recommended that, in order to sustain economic development from the activities of cryptocurrency in Nigeria, the Central Bank of Nigeria needs to ensure that laws and mechanisms are put in place to adequately capture the activities of cryptocurrency in the country.
Development of a hybrid AHP and Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence for project risk assessment problem
Authors: Albogami Saad M. , Ariffin Mohd Khairol Anuar Bin Mohd , Supeni Eris Elianddy Bin , Ahmad Kamarul Arifin
Published: December 2021

In this paper, a new hybrid AHP and Dempster-Shafer Theory of Evidence is presented for solving the problem of choosing the best project among a list of available alternatives while uncertain risk factors are taken into account. The aim is to minimize overall risks. For this purpose, four groups of risk factors, including Properties, Operational and Technological, Financial, Strategic risk factors, are considered. Then using an L24 Taguchi method, several experiments with various dimensions have been designed and solved by the proposed algorithm. The outcomes are then analyzed using the Validating Index (VI), Reduced Risk Indicator (R.R.I%), and Solving time. The findings indicated that, compared to the classic AHP, the results of the proposed hybrid method were different in most cases due to uncertainty of risk factors. It was observed that the method could be safely used for selecting project problems in real industries.
On certain subclasses of multivalent functions with varying arguments of coefficients
Authors: Owa Shigeyoshi , Aouf Mohamed Kamal , Zayed Hanaa
Published: December 2021

In this paper we introduce and study new classes VM_{p,η}(λ,α,β) and VN_{p,η}(λ,α,β) of multivalent functions with varying arguments of coefficients. We obtain coefficients inequalities, distortion theorems and extreme points for functions in these classes. Also, we investigate several distortion inequalities involving fractional calculus. Finally, results on partial sums are considerd.
Multiple solutions for a class of bi-nonlocal problems with nonlinear Neumann boundary conditions
Authors: Afrouzi Ghasem A. , Naghizadeh Z. , Chung Nguyen Thanh
Published: December 2021

In this paper, we are interested in a class of bi-nonlocal problems with nonlinear Neumann boundary conditions and sublinear terms at infinity. Using $(S_+)$ mapping theory and variational methods, we establish the existence of at least two non-trivial weak solutions for the problem provied that the parameters are large enough. Our result complements and improves some previous ones for the superlinear case when the Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz type conditions are imposed on the nonlinearities.
Improving the Performance of Split Air Conditioner by Adding Nano Silver to the Compressor Oil
Authors: Rasheed Abdulqadir Hameed , Hussein Adnan M.
Published: December 2021

A high  demand on the energy and power has brought scholars more attention to investigate  new ways to reduce the energy consumption. The aim of this research is reducing the power consumption required for air conditioning to cool the room by adding nanomaterials to the compressor oil at a mass concentration of 0.15%. Two models of chambers with dimensions (2 x 2 x 2) meters were fabricated to represent the test section and connected to a 1ton compressor, one operating with natural oil as a standard basis for comparison, while the other one with Nano-oil prepared in the laboratory. The mass concentrations of 0.15% of silver nanoparticles (Ag) were prepared, and the stability of the nanoparticles was tested by direct observation for different time periods. The results indicated that the performance of the air conditioner was better with the addition of nanoparticles to the compressor oil compared to the pure oil in the compressor. Reducing energy consumption in the cooling system by (19%). Also, it was found that there is an increase in the cooling speed of the nanotechnology system by (6%)as well as  in the efficiency of the Nano-oil system compared to the regular system by (13%). This study showed that the thermophysical properties of the cooling oil increased by increasing the weight ratios of solid nanoparticles by (12%).
الإطار القانوني لصلاحية شركة توزيع المنتجات النفطية في الرقابة على تنفيذ العقود النفطية، دراسة تحليلية
Authors: شبيب كاظم مطشر
Published: December 2021

إن سلطة الرقابة أثناء تنفيذ العقود النفطية لا يمكن النظر إليها كرخصة لشركة توزيع المنتجات النفطية تستطيع استعمالها متى تشاء أو تتركها متى تشاء، بل أن هذه السلطة واجب على شركة توزيع المنتجات النفطية ممارستها بحكم هيمنتها على تنظيم سير المرفق العام، وما يتطلبه ذلك من تطبيق المبادئ التي تحكم سير المرافق كضمان حسن سيرها بإنتظام وإضطراد.

       تتجلى مظاهر سلطة الإدارة في الرقابة أثناء تنفيذ العقود النفطية بوضوح عند النص عليها في القوانين والأنظمة والتعليمات أو في العقد، وهذه الصورة النموذجية لممارسة الإدارة لهذه السلطة، كما نجد سلطة الرقابة صداها خارج النصوص، أي حتى في حالة سكوت العقد والنصوص التنظيمية، إذ إن شركة توزيع المنتجات النفطية مسؤولة عن أداء الخدمات وإشباع الحاجات العامة بشكل منتظم، وذلك عن طريق قيام المتعاقد بتشييد وتشغيل محطات التعبئة وتوزيع المنتجات النقطية، ومن ثمّ فهي سلطة أصلية، وضمانة مهمة لصالح المرفق العام.
Regionalization - is a Priority Area in the Implementation of the Strategy for the Development of Trauma and Orthopedic Care in Republic of Kazakhstan
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Batpenov Nurlan , Iskakov Yerzhan ,   Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics
Published: December 2021

Implementation of the Mission defined in the PWG Strategic Plan on PCB «Research Institute of traumatology and orthopedics at 2017-2021 years» by Healthcare of Kazakhstan is – «Improvement and further development of trauma and orthopedic care for the population on the basis of advanced world scientific, clinical and educational practice», taking into account the commitment to ethical principles and values, there is a need to develop and bring trauma and orthopedic care closer to the population in the regions.
Treatment of Degenerative-Dystrophic Diseases of the Knee Joint Based on the use of Mesenchymal Stem Cells of the Synovial Membrane
Authors:   Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Batpenov Nurlan , Raimagambetov Yerik ,   Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Korganbekova Gulzhanat ,   Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Sarsenova Madina ,   National Center for Biotechnology, Isabekova Assel ,   National Center for Biotechnology, Zhunussova Madina ,   National Center for Biotechnology, Ogay Vyacheslav ,   National Center for Biotechnology
Published: December 2021

Using autologous mesenchymal stem cells, 12 patients with pathology of the knee joint cartilage were successfully treated. At the first stage, all patients underwent traditional arthroscopic knee debridement, during which a sample of the synovium was taken, after which the sample was transferred to the National Center for Biotechnology for the cultivation of mesenchymal stem cells. After culturing a therapeutically effective number of cells, the material was punctured into the cavity of the affected joint. Evaluation of the results demonstrated a positive effect of the method on the course of the disease.
Our Experience in Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty in Four-fragment Fractures of the Proximal Shoulder
Authors:   National Scientific Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Academician N.D. Batpenov, Mursalov Nagmet , Kulcharov Anuarbek ,   National Scientific Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Academician N.D. Batpenov, Manap Nurgeldi ,   National Scientific Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after Academician N.D. Batpenov
Published: December 2021

Shoulder arthroplasty is a heavy and difficult operation and must be performed by experienced traumatologists and in large trauma (departments) centers. Early endoprosthetics provide good and excellent results. This article presents the positive experience of reverse shoulder arthroplasty in four-fragment fractures of the proximal shoulder. Key words: proximal humerus fractures, shoulder arthroplasty, clinical case, Kazakhstan.
Una aproximación integral al mercado de la leña en Chile y sus barreras para la transición energética
Authors: Álamos Nicolás , Labraña Julio , Cortés Julián , Amigo Catalina , Oyarzún Tamara , Urquiza Anahí
Published: December 2021

La contaminación atmosférica y la degradación de los bosques, entre otros problemas, se relacionan directamente con el consumo residencial de leña para calefacción y otros usos energéticos, que entre las regiones de O’Higgins y Aysén supera el 70% de uso en los hogares. Diversas medidas de política pública se han tomado para enfrentar esta situación, entre las que destaca la implementación de Planes de Descontaminación Atmosférica (PDA) en los principales centros urbanos de la zona. Este artículo tiene por objetivo examinar las principales barreras económicas, socioculturales y jurídicas asociadas al proceso de transición energética del mercado de la leña, y que se traducen en una baja efectividad de las medidas de los PDA. A partir de este análisis, se concluye que el marco normativo vigente en el país no es capaz de responder a los problemas de este mercado principalmente debido a su carácter híper fragmentado, la falta de reconocimiento de la leña como combustible a nivel nacional y la primacía de una gobernanza difusa del mercado de la leña.
Disease Pattern of Geriatric People of the Host Community in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh
Authors: Begum Iffat Ara , Raiyana Zannatul , Azad Md Abdul Mazid , Huda Mohammad Shamsul , Anwar Afsana , Khalil Md Ebrahim , Rizwan Abu Ansar Md
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Diseases of elder people are a global problem. The prevalence of disease in elderly people is increasing day by day as old people often have limited regenerative abilities and are more susceptible to disease, syndromes, injuries, and sickness than younger adults. Objective: This study was conducted to identify the disease pattern of geriatric people of the host community in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. Method: A descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted among 381 geriatric persons in 5 selected hospitals of Cox's Bazar. The sample size was calculated in a 95% confidence interval and with a 5% level of significance. Data collection was done by using a semi-structured pre-tested questionnaire. Data quality was ensured through multiple procedures of review and cross-checking. Results: The findings revealed that a total of 32.0% had heart disease and 31% had arthritis. More than one-fifth (22.0%) of the respondents had diabetes and 18% of the total respondents had different types of communicable diseases. The occurrence of non-communicable diseases in geriatric people is significantly associated with their age and sex. Conclusion: The findings from this study illustrate that non-communicable disease is very much prevalent among the geriatric population as well as a threat to public health. The hospitals and health service providers should emphasize the management and prevention of these diseases. Also, lifestyle modification can play a vital role in preventing non-communicable diseases.