bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Produção de frutos e características morfofisiológicas de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi., na região do baixo São Francisco, Brasil
Authors: Souza Danilla Cristina Lemos , Silva-Mann Renata , Ferreira Robério Anastácio , Gomes Laura Jane , Almeida Thalyta dos Santos , Oliveira Andreza dos Santos , Pereira Glauber Santos , Gois Itamara Bomfim
Published: December 2013

Espécies florestais com potencial econômico, como é o caso da aroeira (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi.), requerem a seleção de indivíduos com características superiores para uso em projetos de restauração florestal e para o estabelecimento de plantios comerciais. Estas plantações podem contribuir para a sustentabilidade de populações naturais de espécies nos fragmentos florestais remanescentes, em áreas de preservação permanente, reservas legais ou outras áreas de importância ecológica. Foi avaliada a produção de frutos, morfometria e viabilidade de sementes de 15 indivíduos de aroeira, em diferentes fragmentos, na região do Baixo São Francisco sergipano. A produção de frutos foi estimada pelo índice de intensidade de Fournier e as características morfométricas foram obtidas com paquímetro e balança analítica digital. A viabilidade e o vigor foram avaliados por meio da porcentagem de germinação e índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG), sob condições controladas. Os resultados da produção de frutos foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p <0,05). Para as demais variáveis foi utilizado o teste de Scott-Knott (p <0,05). Os indivíduos diferiram em índices de Fournier (índices 1, 2, 3 e 4) e no tamanho de frutos e sementes. A germinação variou de 0 a 83% e o IVG de 0,00 a 0,98. As diferenças fenotípicas observadas entre os indivíduos para a produção de frutos e características morfofisiológicas podem ser exploradas em restauração florestal e estabelecimento de testes de procedências/progênies, visando à discriminação de material superior para futuros plantios comerciais.
Gender and feminisms: theoretical-epistemological considerations and methodological impacts
Authors: Perucchi Juliana , Toneli Maria Juracy Filgueiras , Adrião Karla Galvão
Published: December 2013

The present article analyzes how the relationship between theory and politics takes place in the Brazilian feminist field and how this articulation gains strength in academia, setting up a critical position that is characteristic as a theoretical and methodological perspective. Among its fundamental axes, there are the theoretical-epistemological and methodological concerns, as it is understood that it is not possible to perform feminist science, except from an engaged, politically committed position. Thus, the concept of gender and its impacts on the theoretical and political fields problematizes and analyzes the methodological implications in this context of scientific research. Such analyses enable the deduction that the feminist debate is not separate from that of the scientific field in general, concerning the statute of science and the ways of generating knowledge, as also presented in the field of Social Psychology.
Women in situations of gender violence: meanings of affective experience
Authors: Catão Maria de Fátima Fernandes Martins , Lucena Maria do Socorro Roberto de
Published: December 2013

It is aimed in this study to analyze - women in situations of gender violence: meanings ofaffective experience, for women receiving care in the Reference Center in Northeast Brazil. Study participants: 10 women, between 27 and 67 years old. It is used semi-open questionnaire and semi-structured interview. The data were subjected to thematic content analysis in the light of Socio-Historical Psychology. The analysis identifies three interrelated themes: conceptions of gender violence, amounting to 59.9% of the meanings elaborated; difficulties with 22.4% of speech; prospect of change with 17.7% The study highlights the affective experience of women in gender violence, as expressed by the affections, by suffering psychosocial, by the reflection of the lived. Concluded with the affective experience (perejivânie) is related to the intensity with which these women live the gender violence, reflect on the lived, create projects life in the pursuit of transformative actions.
Social representations of latin american immigrants about immigration, care and elderly caregivers
Authors: Moura Giovanna Barroca de , Hernandis Sacramento Pinazo
Published: December 2013

Ageing in Spain has increased considerably and elderly people often find themselves in a situation of great dependence. Facing this situation, many have had the support of immigrant caregivers from Latin America. This research had the purpose to know the social representations (SR) of these caregivers, living in Valencia (Spain), about immigration, care and elderly care. It involved the participation of 35 immigrants who responded the Word Association Test and a socio-demographic questionnaire. The results revealed that the SR on immigration reflect "nostalgia", care was represented by "help", and care for the elderly by "respect". It is concluded that the SR allow understanding the symbolic, affective and cognitive activities in their process of social interaction. It is hoped that these findings will contribute to studies of migration at the international level, promoting positive changes for these groups.
Determinantes dos padrões de carreira política dos deputados federais paulistas entre as legislaturas 49ª (1991-1995) e 53ª (2007-2011)
Authors: Mancuso Wagner Pralon , Uehara Carolina , Sbegue Anita de Cássia , Sampaio Caroline Miranda
Published: December 2013

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar os fatores determinantes dos padrões de carreira política adotados pelos deputados federais paulistas no período das legislaturas 49ª (1991-1995) à 53ª (2007-2011). Com uso de técnicas estatísticas tais como teste qui-quadrado, teste exato de Fisher e regressão logística, o artigo conclui que: i) a opção de saída da vida política está associada aos níveis de concentração eleitoral e competitividade local bem como ao perfil de atuação parlamentar; ii) o êxito em campanhas de reeleição está associado ao acúmulo de capital político, ao perfil de atuação parlamentar e à fidelidade partidária; e iii) o êxito na disputa pela chefia de executivos municipais está associado ao nível de competitividade eleitoral local.
O significante "negro" e a pós-africanidade: a diáspora haitiana em Miami
Authors: Gadea Carlos A.
Published: December 2013

Como os indivíduos negros contemporâneos navegam em sistemas classificatórios raciais diversos, dependentes das "fronteiras de significados" - "linhas de cor", de contextos sociais e lugares de residência, linguísticos e culturais? Como se vivencia o "cruzamento" de afiliações grupais entre aqueles que, por exemplo, autopercebem-se negros e que também fazem parte da diáspora de haitianos em Miami? O presente trabalho procura dar resposta a estas interrogações, considerando, como hipótese inicial, que a identificação com "o negro" dentre uma heterogênea população parece estar pautada, por um lado, pela "indiferença" crescente ao discurso da africanidade (enquanto apelativo para a elaboração identitária e política) e, pelo outro, pela constatação de que são as diferentes situações de conflito vivenciadas por cada indivíduo as constitutivas fundamentais da autopercepção e "reconhecimento" como indivíduo negro.
Delineamento de pesquisas sobre escrita e tecnologias digitais: construindo um lugar para o trabalho em Estudos Linguísticos no Brasil a partir de seus programas de pós-graduação
Authors: Miranda Flávia Danielle Sordi Silva
Published: December 2013

Neste artigo será apresentado o trabalho de "estado da arte" a partir do levantamento de programas de pós-graduação brasileiros, em estudos linguísticos, que articulam linguagens e tecnologias digitais, a fim de se delinear as pesquisas de mestrado e doutorado sobre escrita e Tecnologias Digitais de Comunicação e Informação - TDIC - de 1999 a 2010. Para tanto, foram identificados cursos de pós-graduação nos principais centros de Ensino Superior do país e analisadas suas teses e dissertações. Pudemos verificar tendências nessas pesquisas publicadas até a primeira década do século XXI e notar como as investigações evidenciam uma complexidade de se trabalhar com objetos relacionados ao digital. Assim, acreditamos poder colaborar para conhecimento do campo que se configura, entendimento de suas pesquisas e situar os estudos linguísticos.
Abordagem da imagem em um livro didático voltado para a alfabetização: perspectivas de letramento visual
Authors: Amaral Trícia Tamara Boeira d , Fischer Adriana
Published: December 2013

Em vista da grande multiplicidade de linguagens e considerando que a alfabetização é uma importante prática de letramento na constituição da criança, este artigo tem o objetivo de identificar o tipo de abordagem dado à imagem em um livro didático do 1º ano (EF), aprovado pelo PNLD (2010). O intuito é discutir em que medida a amostra analisada favorece uma leitura compreensiva e crítica do texto imagético. Para tanto, as ponderações foram realizadas por meio de uma epistemologia interpretativa, à luz da teoria dos letramentos sob uma perspectiva sociocultural, e também a partir da sintaxe da linguagem visual, que pode trazer uma contribuição positiva às análises discursivas visuais. A pesquisa indica que a imagem é proposta a partir de perspectivas socioculturais; que as atividades de leitura favorecem o letramento visual e que a condução do professor pode fazer diferença nas abordagens e leituras.
Linguagem verbal e não verbal na malha discursiva
Authors: Guimarães Elisa
Published: December 2013

Este artigo tem em mira explorar os efeitos do sentido decorrentes da intermediação entre linguagem verbal e não verbal no processo de constituição do texto/discurso. Baseia-se a pesquisa na seguinte indagação: "A combinação palavra e imagem é complementar na conformação do texto?" "Existe autonomia da imagem?" A investigação conclui ser a associação entre as duas linguagens o meio mais eficaz para interpretação dos sentidos transmitidos pelo texto/discurso.
A arquitetônica de Luna Clara e Apolo Onze: uma reflexão metalinguística
Authors: Sobral Adail , Geletkanicz Marice Fiuza
Published: December 2013

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão metalinguística acerca do percurso metodológico de que resultou a pesquisa de mestrado intitulada Luna Clara e Apolo Onze: uma organização criativa de vozes, que descreve a arquitetônica autoral da obra. Mais especificamente, pretende-se mostrar como, a partir dos princípios da análise dialógica do discurso, e de um exame preliminar do corpus - o livro de Adriana Falcão, Luna Clara e Apolo Onze, a pesquisadora desenvolveu uma maneira específica de descrever a arquitetônica deste que é um texto verbal que integra recursos visuais. Pretende ainda refletir acerca de como, no âmbito da concepção dialógica, se pode construir um objeto de estudo, e uma maneira de estudá-lo, partindo da observação de um fenômeno como um livro e de seu exame mediante conceitos compatíveis com esse objeto, em vez de aplicar categorias prontas.
Geotechnical landfill monitoring — adaptations needed
Authors: Lopes Maria-Lurdes , Gomes Cristina Cunha
Published: December 2013

Most monitoring programs implemented in sanitary landfills are based on the principles of geotechnical instrumentation and monitoring of earthworks, such as earth dams, which require custom equipment and installation methods. From 2001 to 2008, the behaviour of two sanitary landfills located in the north of Portugal was monitored using traditional geotechnical instrumentation. The objective of this paper was to highlight the problems encountered with the use of traditional geotechnical instrumentation for monitoring the behaviour of urban solid waste. After a brief description of the instrumentation plan implemented in the two sanitary landfills, for each parameter of the behaviour to be monitored, the reasons for the choice of equipment, the installation method implemented, and the main difficulties encountered and adjustments performed during the work are discussed.
Inhibitory Effects of Areca Nut Extract on Expression of Complement Receptors and Fc Receptors in Human Neutrophils
Authors: Lee Ya‐Yun , Lin Ming‐Bin , Cheng Chi‐Fang , Chang Lien‐Yu , Liu Tsung‐Yun , Hung Shan‐Ling
Published: December 2013

Background: Chewing of areca quid increases the prevalence of periodontal diseases. Areca nut extract (ANE) inhibits the phagocytic activity of human neutrophils. This in vitro study investigates the effects of ANE on complement‐ and antibody‐opsonized phagocytosis by neutrophils. Expression of complement receptors, Fc receptors, and F‐actin in ANE‐treated neutrophils is also analyzed.

Methods: The viability of ANE‐treated neutrophils was determined using the propidium iodide staining method. The possible effects of ANE on the expression of complement receptors and Fc receptors were examined using an immunofluorescence staining method followed by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The phagocytic activity of neutrophils against complement or immunoglobulin (Ig)G‐opsonized fluorescent beads was analyzed using flow cytometry. Expression of F‐actin was determined using confocal laser scanning microscopy.

Results: ANE significantly inhibited the production of complement receptors (CR1, CR3, and CR4) and Fc receptors (FcγRII and FcγRIII) in a concentration‐dependent manner. Treatment of neutrophils with ANE significantly impaired their ability to phagocytose fluorescent beads. ANE also inhibited phagocytosis of fluorescent beads that were opsonized by complement or IgG. Moreover, expression of F‐actin was inhibited after ANE treatment.

Conclusions: ANE inhibits the complement‐ and IgG‐mediated neutrophil phagocytosis that may result from reduction of the expression of complement receptors, Fc receptors, and F‐actin formation after ANE treatment. The findings suggest that areca nut chewing may jeopardize the defensive functions of neutrophils and affect periodontal health.
Prepregnancy Obesity and Periodontitis Among Pregnant Females With and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Xie Yiqiong , Xiong Xu , Elkind‐Hirsch Karen E. , Pridjian Gabriella , Maney Pooja , Delarosa Robert L. , Buekens Pierre
Published: December 2013

Background: This study explored whether there is an association between prepregnancy obesity and periodontitis among pregnant females.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted by using data from a previous case‐control study at Woman's Hospital, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. One hundred fifty‐nine pregnant females were recruited at their prenatal care visits. Periodontal status was assessed through dental examinations performed at an average of 31 weeks gestation. Periodontitis was defined as the presence of one or more sites exhibiting probing depth ≥4 mm or clinical attachment level ≥4 mm. A Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to estimate risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results: Prepregnancy obesity was statistically significantly associated with periodontitis during pregnancy, with obese females at 1.7 times higher risk compared with under/normal‐weight females (RR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.2 to 2.3, P <0.01). There is no difference in the association between maternal obesity and periodontitis between females with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and females without GDM.

Conclusion: There is a positive association between prepregnancy obesity and periodontitis among pregnant females.
Moving Toward Evidence-Based Federal Healthy Start Program Evaluations: Accounting for Bias in Birth Outcomes Studies
Authors: Meghea Cristian I. , Raffo Jennifer E. , VanderMeulen Peggy , Roman Lee Anne
Published: December 2013

We used administrative and screening data from 2009 to 2010 to determine if Healthy Start (HS), an enhanced prenatal services program, is reaching the most vulnerable African American women in Kent County, Michigan. Women in HS are at higher risk of key predictors of birth outcomes compared with other women. To advance toward evidence-based HS program evaluations in the absence of randomized controlled trials, future studies using comparison groups need to appropriately establish baseline equivalence on a variety of risk factors related to birth outcomes.
Improved Birth Weight for Black Infants: Outcomes of a Healthy Start Program
Authors: Kothari Catherine L. , Zielinski Ruth , James Arthur , Charoth Remitha M. , Carmen Sweezy Luz del
Published: December 2013

Objectives. We determined whether participation in Healthy Babies Healthy Start (HBHS), a maternal health program emphasizing racial equity and delivering services through case management home visitation, was associated with improved birth outcomes for Black women relative to White women.

Methods. We used a matched-comparison posttest-only design in which we selected the comparison group using propensity score matching. Study data were generated through secondary analysis of Michigan state- and Kalamazoo County–level birth certificate records for 2008 to 2010. We completed statistical analyses, stratified by race, using a repeated-measures generalized linear model.

Results. Despite their smoking rate being double that of their matched counterparts, Black HBHS participants delivered higher birth-weight infants than did Black nonparticipants (P = .05). White HBHS participants had significantly more prenatal care than did White nonparticipants, but they had similar birth outcomes (P = .7 for birth weight; P = .55 for gestation).

Conclusions. HBHS participation is associated with increased birth weights among Black women but not among White women, suggesting differential program gains for Black women.
Construction of Early and Midlife Work Trajectories in Women and Their Association With Birth Weight
Authors: Mutambudzi Miriam , Meyer John D.
Published: December 2013

Objectives. We derived trajectories of the substantive complexity (SC) of work across mid-adult life in women and determined their association with term birth weight. SC is a concept that encompasses decision latitude, active learning, and ability to use and expand one’s abilities at work.

Methods. Using occupational data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 and O*NET work variables, we used growth mixture modeling (GMM) to construct longitudinal trajectories of work SC from the ages of 18 to 34 years. The association between work trajectories and birth weight of infants born to study participants was modeled using generalized estimating equations, adjusting for education, income, and relevant covariates.

Results. GMM yielded a 5-class solution for work trajectories in women. Higher work trajectories were associated with higher term birth weight and were robust to the inclusion of both education and income. A work trajectory that showed a sharp rise after age 24 years was associated with marked improvement in birth weight.

Conclusions. Longitudinal modeling of work characteristics might improve capacity to integrate occupation into a life-course model that examines antecedents and consequences for maternal and child health.
Sensible Heat Balance and Heat‐Pulse Method Applicability to In Situ Soil‐Water Evaporation
Authors: Trautz Andrew C. , Smits Kathleen M. , Schulte Paul , Illangasekare Tissa H.
Published: December 2013

A combined heat‐pulse and sensible heat balance method can be used to determine evaporation using temperature measurements and thermal property estimations. The objective of this study was to investigate the applicability of the combined heat‐pulse and sensible heat balance method by comparing laboratory experimental data to both an analytical and a multiphase heat and mass transfer model. A bench‐scale laboratory experiment was performed to measure soil thermal and hydraulic properties at fine spatial and temporal resolutions. Comparisons of experimental and numerical results confirmed the applicability of the heat‐pulse and sensible heat balance methods to determine evaporation rates. Results showed close agreement with experimental water loss measurements. This study demonstrated the ability and versatility of using the heat‐pulse and sensible heat balance methods in numerical heat and mass transfer models to determine evaporation rates. Calculated soil thermal properties were in 93.4 and 97.5% agreement with experimental results for water content values >0.05. Deviations were observed at low water contents due to sensor sensitivity. The calculated evaporation rates yielded cumulative water losses that were 96.8 and 97.7% in agreement with experimentally measured weight loss data. Late Stage 1 evaporation was overestimated due to observed temperature rises by two of the heat‐pulse probes. Despite this, the combined heat‐pulse and sensible heat balance method is a powerful tool that can be used to determine evaporation rates in situ.
Methodology of functionality selection for water management software and examples of its application
Authors: Vasilyev K. N.
Published: December 2013

When developing new software products and adapting existing software, project leaders have to decide which functionalities to keep, adapt or develop. They have to consider that the cost of making errors during the specification phase is extremely high. In this paper a formalised approach is proposed that considers the main criteria for selecting new software functions. The application of this approach minimises the chances of making errors in selecting the functions to apply. Based on the work on software development and support projects in the area of water resources and flood damage evaluation in economic terms at CH2M HILL (the developers of the flood modelling package ISIS), the author has defined seven criteria for selecting functions to be included in a software product. The approach is based on the evaluation of the relative significance of the functions to be included into the software product. Evaluation is achieved by considering each criterion and the weighting coefficients of each criterion in turn and applying the method of normalisation. This paper includes a description of this new approach and examples of its application in the development of new software products in the are of the water resources management.
Odour reduction strategies for biosolids produced from a Western Australian wastewater treatment plant: results from Phase I laboratory trials
Authors: Gruchlik Yolanta , Heitz Anna , Joll Cynthia , Driessen Hanna , Fouché Lise , Penney Nancy , Charrois Jeffrey W. A.
Published: December 2013

This study investigated sources of odours from biosolids produced from a Western Australian wastewater treatment plant and examined possible strategies for odour reduction, specifically chemical additions and reduction of centrifuge speed on a laboratory scale. To identify the odorous compounds and assess the effectiveness of the odour reduction measures trialled in this study, headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS SPME-GC-MS) methods were developed. The target odour compounds included volatile sulphur compounds (e.g. dimethyl sulphide, dimethyl disulphide and dimethyl trisulphide) and other volatile organic compounds (e.g. toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene, p-cresol, indole and skatole). In our laboratory trials, aluminium sulphate added to anaerobically digested sludge prior to dewatering offered the best odour reduction strategy amongst the options that were investigated, resulting in approximately 40% reduction in the maximum concentration of the total volatile organic sulphur compounds, relative to control.
The evaluation of rainfall influence on combined sewer overflows characteristics: the Berlin case study
Authors: Sandoval S. , Torres A. , Pawlowsky-Reusing E. , Riechel M. , Caradot N.
Published: December 2013

The present study aims to explore the relationship between rainfall variables and water quality/quantity characteristics of combined sewer overflows (CSOs), by the use of multivariate statistical methods and online measurements at a principal CSO outlet in Berlin (Germany). Canonical correlation results showed that the maximum and average rainfall intensities are the most influential variables to describe CSO water quantity and pollutant loads whereas the duration of the rainfall event and the rain depth seem to be the most influential variables to describe CSO pollutant concentrations. The analysis of partial least squares (PLS) regression models confirms the findings of the canonical correlation and highlights three main influences of rainfall on CSO characteristics: (i) CSO water quantity characteristics are mainly influenced by the maximal rainfall intensities, (ii) CSO pollutant concentrations were found to be mostly associated with duration of the rainfall and (iii) pollutant loads seemed to be principally influenced by dry weather duration before the rainfall event. The prediction quality of PLS models is rather low (R² < 0.6) but results can be useful to explore qualitatively the influence of rainfall on CSO characteristics.
Desalination of oil sands process-affected water and basal depressurization water in Fort McMurray, Alberta, Canada: application of electrodialysis
Authors: Kim Eun-Sik , Dong Shimiao , Liu Yang , Gamal El-Din Mohamed
Published: December 2013

The high content of inorganic species in water used to extract bitumen from the Alberta oil sands and in the groundwater below the oil sands is an increasing environmental concern. These water matrices require treatment before they can be reused or safely discharged. Desalination of the oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) and groundwater, or basal depressurization water (BDW), can be accomplished with deionization techniques such as electrodialysis (ED). In order to achieve the effective ED treatment, OSPW and BDW were pretreated with coagulation–flocculation–sedimentation to remove solid species and turbidity. We demonstrated that a conductivity range for industrial reuse of OSPW and BDW can be achieved with the ED treatment and showed the possibility of applying ED in the oil sands industry. A continuous ED system that reuses the diluate stream as a source for the concentrate stream was designed. The cost of a hypothetical ED water treatment plant in Fort McMurray, Alberta, was estimated to be C$10.71 per cubic meter of treated water.
A field study to evaluate the impact of different factors on the nutrient pollutant concentrations in green roof runoff
Authors: Wang Xiaochen , Zhao Xinhua , Peng Chenrui , Zhang Xinbo , Wang Jianghai
Published: December 2013

The objectives of this study are to investigate the impact of different factors on the nutrient pollutant concentrations in green roof runoff and to provide reference data for the engineering design of dual substrate layer green roofs. The data were collected from eight different trays under three kinds of artificial rains. The results showed that except for total phosphorus, dual substrate layer green roofs behaved as a sink for most of the nutrient pollutants (significant at p < 0.05), and the first-flush effect did not occur during the 27 simulated rain events. The results also revealed that the concentration of these nutrient pollutants in the runoff strongly depended on the features of the nutrient substrates used in the green roof and the depth of the adsorption substrates. Compared with the influence of the substrates, the influence of the plant density and drainage systems was small.
Primena slobodnog vaskularizovanog fibularnog grafta-reznja u lecenju velikih kostanih defekata posle povrede ekstremiteta
Authors: Bumbasirevic Marko , Lesic Aleksandar , Atkinson Henry , Tulic Goran
Published: December 2013

Free vascularized fibular graft is of the greatest importance in the
orthopaedics and trauma. Bone, skeletal defects due to the trauma, infections
and congenital anomalies could be successfully solved by the free
vascularized fibular grafts. In this article the main anatomical data of
fibular graft, surgical techniques, indications for the FVFG in the treatment
of trauma caused bone defects or its complications-sequels are described.
Disruption of the knee extensor apparatus complicating anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Milankov Miroslav , Kecojevic Vaso , Rasovic Predrag , Kovacevic Nemanja , Gvozdenovic Nemanja , Obradovic Mirko
Published: December 2013

Disruption of the knee extensor apparatus, after harvesting the central third
of the patellar tendon for a bone-tendon-bone autograft, is a rare
complication. We made 2215 reconstructions of the anterior cruciate ligament
of the knee using bonepatellar tendon-bone technique, and 10 patients had
fracture of the patella (0.45%), and fore patients had rupture of the
patellar tendon(0.18%). The fracture of the patella in two patients was
treated nonoperatively and 8 patients was treated with operative reduction
and osteosynthesis. Reconstruction of the patellar ligament in four patients
with a rupture of patellar tendon (0.18%) was performed by a technique
previously published with BTB allograft taken from the local bone bank. The
mean Lysholm score was 90 (85-100), and all of them have continued to engage
in sporting activities. In all patients the Lachman test was with the firm
stop compared to the other leg. Xray changes in the patella were found in 2
patients, who had multifragmentary fractures of the patella. Disruption of
the knee extensor apparatus, after harvesting the central third of the
patellar tendon for a bone-tendon-bone autograft, can be prevented by
avoiding to take too much bone graft, by using the most precise tools for
cutting, while rehabilitation must be carefully planned. The optimal
treatment disruption of the knee extensor apparatus after the reconstruction
of the anterior cruciate ligament is a operative reconstruction, which allows
continuation of the rehabilitation program.
Dilemmas in the treatment of tibial diaphyseal fractures
Authors: Grubor Predrag , Grubor Milan , Tanjga Rade
Published: December 2013

Introduction: Tibial fractures accompanied by radius fractures at typical
sites are the most common type of fractures. Objective: The study is aimed at
using the examined sample to make an efficient and economically acceptable
choice in the treatment of tibial diaphyseal fractures. Material and methods:
The series comprises a retrospective and prospective study of the treatment
of 131 fresh tibial fractures: 31 in women (23.66%) and 100 in men (76.34%)
of the average age of 37.89. Nineteen patients (14.50%) were treated
conservatively and 112 (85.50%) surgically: 22 (16.79%) with anti-rotation
intramedullary nails, 74 (56.49%) with Mitkovic external fixator type M20,
and 16 (12.21%) with locking compression plate. General anaesthesia was used
in 46 patients (35.11%), while spinal anaesthesia was used in 85 of them
(64.89%). Results: According to the Karlstrom-Olerud scoring system, the
treatment results were as follows: for the 22 tibiae treated with
anti-rotation intramedullary nails: in 15(68.18%) the results were excellent,
in 3 (13.64%) they were good and in 4(18.18%) they were poor. As for the
results for the 74 tibiae treated with Mitkovic external fixator type M20,
they were as follows: in 62(83.78%) excellent, in 9(12.16%) good, and in
3(4.05%) they were poor. The results for the 16 patients treated with locking
compression plate were excellent in 10(62.50%), good in 2(12.50%) and poor in
4 patients (25.00%). The treatment results for the 19 tibiae treated with
plaster cast were excellent in 12 patients (63.16%), good in 2(10.53%) and
poor in 5 (26.32%). The definite results for the 131 fractured tibiae treated
with the aforementioned techniques were as follows: excellent in 99(75.57%),
good in 17 (12.98%) and poor in 15 patients (11.45%). Discussion: There is a
variety of controversial positions concerning the treatment of the tibial
diaphysis. Conclusion: On the basis of the results of surgical treatment for
the given series, the number of surgical interventions, the price of
osteosynthetic material, my preferences in treating tibial diaphyseal
fractures would be as follows: Mitkovic external fixator type M20,
anti-rotation intramedullary nails and locking compression plate.
Conservative treatment is indicated when the X-ray examination confirms that
the fragments have a position acceptable for conservative treatment with
plaster cast.
Surgical treatment of the unstable type C pelvic injury
Authors: Milenkovic Sasa , Mitkovic Milorad , Saveski Jordan , Micic Ivan , Mitkovic Milan , Stamenic Sonja
Published: December 2013

Rotationally and vertically unstable injuries to the pelvic ring (Type C)
require stabilisation of the anterior and posterior pelvic ring complex.
Inadequate treatment of these injuries leads to chronic instability of the
pelvic ring, which can finally cause permanent disability. Open reduction and
stable internal fixation of the anterior and posterior complex of unstable
pelvic ring injuries are standard procedures in the treatment of
hemodynamically stable patients with (Type C) pelvic injuries. Our aim is to
show that this type of treatment achieves excellent and good results. All
patients were operated on using the method of open reduction and anterior
plate fixation of sacroiliac complex as well as fixation of the pubic
symphisis. We present a retrospective study of the results concerning the
treatment of 19 patients with (Type C ) unstable pelvic injuries. The average
age of the patients was 43,21 years old. The final functional results, 2
years post-surgery according to the Majeed scoring system and the results
were excellent in 11 (57.89%) and good in 8 (42.1%) patients. There were no
bad results to report. Type C pelvic ring injuries are unstable and unless
they are adequately treated, they can lead to permanent consequences.
Surgical treatment that includes open reduction and stable internal fixation
of the anterior and posterior pelvic ring complex leads to excellent and good
results. The patients that were treated surgically by fixation of the
anterior and posterior pelvic ring complex return to their everyday lives and
work activities.
Minimally invasive treatment of bilateral femoral shaft fractures in polytrauma patient using selfdinamisibile internal fixator: A case report
Authors: Stojiljkovic Predrag , Micic Ivan , Milenkovic Sasa , Mitkovic Milan , Golubovic Ivan , Pesic Suncica
Published: December 2013

Proper timing and surgical method in management of femur fractures in
polytrauma patients can greatly reduce the mortality, morbidity and
disability. The aim of this paper is to present the treatment of bilateral
femoral fractures in polytrauma patient with dominant chest trauma by
selfdynamisable internal fixator Mitkovic (SIF) as a definitive method of
fractures treatment. A 23 years old female was injured in a traffic accident.
After resuscitation and treatment of the dominant chest injuries, surgical
treatment of bilateral femur fractures performed on the fourth day after the
injury. Length of surgery was 65 minutes. There was not blood substitution
during the intervention and blood loss through the operative wounds drainage.
There was no worsening of the pulmonary function after orthopaedic surgery.
The patient discharged from hospital postoperative day ten. Postoperative
follow-up was 9 months. The fractures healed with an excellent functional
result. Application of selfdynamisable internal fixator (SIF) with minimally
invasive technique for the treatment of bilateral femoral fractures in
polytrauma patients is a good operative method because poses minimally
additional operative trauma and provides excellent biomechanical conditions
for fracture healing.
Avascular necrosis of the femoral head in the patients with posterior wall acetabular fractures associated with dislocations of the hip
Authors: Milenkovic Sasa , Mitkovic Milorad , Saveski Jordan , Micic Ivan , Stojiljkovic Predrag , Stanojkovic Miodrag , Mitkovic Milan , Stamenic Sonja , Spalevic Marija
Published: December 2013

Introduction: Acetabular fractures are severe injuries, mostly occured in
young patients after traffic accident or fall from heights. Of the all
acetabular fractures, posterior wall acetabular fractures are the most often
observed. Regarding to mechanism of the injury, about 30% of these fractures
are associated with posterior hip dislocation. Material and methods: The
incidence of AVN in 18 patients with posterior wall acetabular fractures
associated with dislocations of the hip is presented. Thompson-Epstein Scale
(type I-V) was used as the classification of the injury. Kocher-Langenbeck
surgical approach was achieved in all patients. Results: Average following
time after surgery was 22,66 months (8-36 months). After that period the
incidence of femoral head AVN was observed in 33,3%6. Femoral head AVN was
observed in 5,55%1 of patient who was treated by the reduction of hip
dislocation in first 24 hours after injury, while in patients with later
reduction, femoral head AVN were observed in 27,77%5. Conclusion: Posterior
wall acetabular fractures associated with hip dislocation are severe
injuries. Urgent, closed reduction of the hip, early definitive stable
osteosynthesis of acetabulum and the experience of surgical team are factors
that greatly decrease the possibility for AVN occurrence. Later reduction,
comminution of posterior wall of the acetabulum (Thompson-Epstein III et IV),
impaction, chondral lesion of the femoral head and associated fractures of
femoral head, increase the possibility for AVN occurrence.
Results of the application of a new method of internal fixation of femoral neck fractures - self-tapping antirotation cannulated screws (SAF)
Authors: Kostic Igor , Mitkovic Milan , Mitkovic Milorad
Published: December 2013

Introduction: Femoral neck fractures are one of the most common fractures
primarily the elderly, coupled with a high degree of morbidity and mortality.
The treatment is applied a number of methods of internal fixation (multiple
cannulated screws available, DHS system, cefalomedullary). At the Department
of Orthopedics and Traumatology of Nis developed a new method of fixation of
femoral neck fracture, which allows stable fixation of dislocated and
nondislocated femoral neck fracture. Self-tapping antirotation fixation (SAF)
using two cannulated screws to initial compression fractures intraoperative
and postoperative dynamic linear compression of the fracture with early full
support to the patient. Matherial and methods: In the period between 2008 to
2012, 53 patients treated for femoral neck fracture in the Clinic for
orthopedic and traumatology, Clinical center in Nis, Serbia, by SAF (the
self-tapping cannulated screws antirotation; ORTOKON doo Nis). All patients
were followed up after surgery in a minimum period of 13 weeks (13-106
weeks). The outcome was evaluated on the basis of clinical and radiological
signs of fracture healing and the Harris hip score of functional recovery of
the patient. Results: Of the total number of patients (53) treated with this
method of fixation, 31 of them were females and 22 males, mean age 52.7 years
(28-75 years). The average time of surgery was 36.4 minutes (19-70 minutes).
During the postoperative follow-up of all patients (53) operated by this
method, six patients were lost in the further postoperative monitoring, so
that 47 patients remained for final evaluation. The total incidence of
nonunion of femoral neck fracture after surgery this method was 6.4% (three
patients). Shortening of the femoral neck after fixation by this method was
recorded in 27 cases, and what amounted to an average of 2.8 mm (1, 2 mm in
nondislocated to 4.55 with dislocated fracture) and did not affect the
functional outcome. During radiographic follow-up was not detected fracture
implants. Conclusion: Self-tapping screws cannulated antirotacioni (SAF
method) represent a reliable method of fixation of dislocated and
nondislocated femoral neck fracture. The main prerequisite for the proper
healing of femoral neck fractures with this method is that anatomical
fracture reduction is achieved by a closed or open method. This way of
fixation allows the early full weight bearing patient operated limb and
faster postoperative functional recovery of the fracture healing in optimal
time.
Sila koja pokrece dinamizaciju klinova samodinamizirajuceg unutrasnjeg trohanternog fiksatora po Mitkovicu (SIF)
Authors: Mitkovic Milan , Manic Miodrag , Petkovic Dusan , Milenkovic Sasa , Mitkovic Milorad
Published: December 2013

Dynamic trochanteric fractures implants allow fracture fragments to be
compressed. Dynamisation can be realized if the axial pin force overcome
friction force between pin and body of the implant. Examination of sliding
iniciation forces in Mitkovic Selfdinamysible Trochanteric Internal Fixator
(SIF). SIF was attached for angle block in the position with vertical
orientation of pins. The transversal load of 5 kg was connected to pins by a
rope. A dynamometer was used to measure force during the movement of angle
block in up direction. Regression coefficients were a1=4,052 i b1=0,623 for
SIF with 2 sliding screws with diameter of 7mm and a2=4,534 i b2=0,422 for
SIF with 1 screw with diameter of 10 mm. Coefficients of determination were:
r12=0,470 and r22=0,123. Sliding of SIF pins can be achieved for each
analysed body weight of patient (50-130 kg). Early bearing of operated leg is
significant for sliding initiation of SIF sliding screws.
Stability and quality of osteosynthesis in treatment of tibial pylon fractures with dynamic external fixation typ Mitkovic
Authors: Bozovic Sasa , Mitkovic Milorad , Grbic Rade , Vasic Aleksandar , Jaksic Ljubomir , Petrovic Dusan , Radojevic Goran , Milovic Dragisa , Adzic Vladimir
Published: December 2013

The study included 35 patients with fractures of distal tibia treated at the
department of orthopedics HC Kosovka Mitrovica and the Orthopedic clinic CHC
of Nis treated with dynamic external fixation. Score by Ovadia-Beals was used
to assess the quality of reposition bone fragments to assess the stability
assessment made osteosynthesis. The final functional result of treatment the
patient was determined based on the AOFAS score. Deviations for postoperative
talocrural angle for extraarticular fractures was approximately 6o (excellent
result). Student?s T-test showed statistically significant difference (t
=1.693 p <0.05) in favor of a series of postoperative in the analysis of
articular fractures by Ovadia-Beals score before and after surgery an that
means much better anatomical conditions for healing. Student?s T-test were
not found statistically significant differences in postoperative radiographic
parameters in batches and batches before removing of osteosynthetic materials
for the extraarticular and intraarticular fractures, for extraarticular
fractures (t=1.440, p> 0.05) and intrarticular fractures (t =1.234, p> 0.05),
which is a remarkable result and describes the remarkable stability of the
fracture zone by this method. Distribution of complications: soft-tissue
complications of 11.4%, healing in a bad position of 5.7%, 3% nonunions,
infection 6%. Distribution of functional results according to AOFAS score:
excellent 27.2%, good 40%, satisfactory 11.4% and 11.4% bad. Pearson?s test
(r =-0.6002) has been shown that the weight of the fracture is correlated
with the AOFAS score, or the level of the outcome of treatment decreases with
the increase cominution of fracture zone. Conclusion: The lack of clear
protocols in the literature, the method of dynamic external fixator fixation
provides optimal biochemical conditions for the healing of these injuries,
the final functional outcome of this series and the distribution and number
of complications corresponding to the current data in the literature.
Fractures of the scaphoid, diagnosis and managementa review
Authors: Andjelkovic Sladjana , Vuckovic Cedo , Lesic Aleksandar , Tulic Goran , Milutinovic Suzana , Palibrk Tomislav , Zagorac Slavisa , Bumbasirevic Marko
Published: December 2013

The scaphoid is vitally important for the proper mechanics of wrist function.
Fracture of the scaphoid bone is the most common carpal fracture. Among all
wrist injuries the incidence of scaphoid fracture is second only to fractures
of the distal radius. Scaphoid fractures are significant because a delay in
diagnosis can lead to a variety of adverse outcomes that include nonunion,
delayed union, decreased grips strength, range of motion and osteoarthritis
of the radiocarpal joint. To avoid missing this diagnosis, a high index of
suspicion and a through history and physical examination are necessary,
because initial radiographs are often negative. Regardless of the technique
of bone grafting, there will almost always be some loss of motion even if the
fracture unites.
Knee angular deformity correction using unicorticotomy and callus distraction by external fixation method and presentation of new external fixation device for varus correction of proximal tibia
Authors: Mitkovic Milan , Milenkovic Sasa , Micic Ivan , Gajdobranski Djordje , Radenkovic Mile , Karaleic Sasa , Pavlovic Predrag , Stojiljkovic Predrag , Kostic Igor , Bumbasirevic Marko , Vidic Goran , Stanojkovic Miodrag , Stanojlovic Milos , Radovanovic Zoran , Stamenic Sonja , Kutlesic-Stojanovic Katarina , Ciric Tamara , Jovanovic Vladimir , Mitkovic Milorad
Published: December 2013

The main goal of this paper is to present clinical results of surgical
correction of angular (varus and valgus) deformities of knee area. Goal is
also to present new external fixation device for surgical treatment of varus
deformity of proximal tibia. As material it has been used series of 70
patients treated during the period of 6.5 years in University Orthopaedic and
traumatology clinic. Biomechanical investigation of 80% cut bone model fixed
by new external fixation device was performed in the measurement laboratory
of Mechanical Faculty University of Nis. Clinical results of treatment of 58
high tibial surgeries (49 varus and 9 valgus) and 12 distal femur surgeries
(2 varus and 10 valgus) showed that unicorticotomy and callus distraction by
the use of Mitkovic external fixation device leaded to correction and bone
union. Superficial pin tract infection happened in 9 patients and has been
successfully treated without pins removal. Biomechanical investigation of new
device showed that during axial loading of bone model by 690 N (70 kg)
movement of medial distal end of bone model was 0.30 mm while posterior
distal end of bone model was 0.26 mm. From results obtained in can be
concluded that unicorticotomy and gradual callus distraction by the use of
external fixation is one reliable method. Biomechanical testing of new
external fixation device showed that it is more stable in control of varus
and posterior position of proximal tibial fragment.
Designing special prosthesis "Spacer"
Authors: Grujic Jovan , Tabakovic Slobodan , Zeljkovic Milan , Zivkovic Aleksandar , Vucinic Zoran , Djordjevic Aca , Mandic Nikica , Lujic Nenad , Sekulic Jovan
Published: December 2013

Malignant diseases of the medial part of the femur, humerus and tibia,
treated with surgical removal of the affected part of the bone and prosthesis
fitting special "Spacer". This type of prosthesis is made in the form of the
proximal and distal components that connect by screws. The design of
endoprosthesis provides without possible rotation linear relationship and
allows the transfer of load from the proximal to the distal bone, but the
screws that provide connection are not exposed to stress. For proper sizing
and implementation of a special prosthesis is necessary to determine the
geometric parameters of bone mass and disease and then develop a computer
model of the prosthesis. Designing a special prosthesis "spacer" is a complex
procedure based on the processing of diagnostic images (X-ray, CT or MRI)
with the use of specialized software digitized picture elements pixels
translate into voxels. In this way a geometric model contains a form of
external (KORTEX), and the internal geometry of the bone (medullary canal).
On the basis of such a developed computer models is possible accurately
determine the part of the bone that is necessary to remove, and the size of
medullary canal space that is built into proximal or distal component of
special endoprosthesis "Spacer".