bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The MUSE Ultra Deep Field: A 5 Mpc Stretch of the z ≈ 4 Cosmic Web Revealed in Emission
Authors: Tornotti Davide , Fumagalli Michele , Fossati Matteo , Arrigoni Battaia Fabrizio , Benitez-Llambay Alejandro , Dayal Pratika , Dutta Rajeshwari , Peroux Celine , Rafelski Marc , Revalski Mitchell
Published: February 2025

We detect Lyα emission from a ≈5 Mpc-long (comoving) portion of the cosmic web hosting an overdensity (δ ≈ 25) of 19 Lyα emitters (LAEs) at z ≈ 4 within the MUSE Ultra Deep Field (MUDF), reaching an average surface brightness (SB) of 5 × 10−20 erg s−1 cm−2 arcsec−2. This large-scale structure has an average SB similar to the filament across the two MUDF quasars at z ≈ 3.22. However, deep multiwavelength data do not show a clear presence of active galactic nuclei, suggesting that the emission is mainly regulated by the underlying gas density. We find ≈0.2 dex higher star formation compared to control samples and a remarkable predominance (5/7) of blue-peaked emission lines in the spectra of the embedded LAEs, indicative of favorable conditions for gas accretion. Lastly, we quantify the contribution of intragalactic gas to the Lyα SB profile at large distances from LAEs. By studying samples of filaments detected in emission within diverse environments, we are finally gaining new insight into the physics of gas accretion within the cosmic web.
Lunar Ionosphere in the Geotail Region as Observed by Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter Using Two-way Radio Occultation Measurements
Authors: Tripathi Keshav R. , Choudhary R. K. , Ambili K. M.
Published: February 2025

The study presents the first electron density profile of the Lunar ionosphere when the Moon is inside the geomagnetic tail region. This observation used S-band telemetry and telecommand radio signals in a two-way radio occultation experiment from Chandrayaan-2 (CH-2) orbiting the Moon. The radio signals were tracked using an 18 m diameter antenna at the Indian Deep Space Network (IDSN). The IDSN served as an active source for generating and receiving the radio signal, while the onboard oscillator on CH-2 was used as a passive receiver and transmitter. The transmitted radio signal passed twice through the lunar plasma medium before reaching the receiver end. The study found a high electron density of approximately ∼2.5 × 104 per cm−3 close to the surface of the Moon. Three-dimensional lunar ionospheric model simulations show that to achieve such high plasma density, the plasma should be in photochemical equilibrium, which is possible inside the geomagnetic tail only in the presence of lunar crustal magnetic fields. The model also introduced a localized reduction in Ar and Ne neutral density to align with previous observations near the lunar pole.
Antibiotics in the treatment of scrub typhus: A network meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis
Authors: Chen Chaoxin , Chen Tingting , Xue Dan , Liu Maobai , Zheng Bin
Published: February 2025

Introduction: A pharmacoeconomic analysis model was developed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of antibiotics from a societal perspective in Korea and China. A network meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotics.
Methodology: We conducted a systematic search for randomized controlled trials or quasi-randomized controlled trials on antibiotics employed as therapy in scrub typhus management. We performed a network meta-analysis to obtain their relative efficacy. The outcome measures for efficacy were cure rate and non-relapse rate. To evaluate their relative cost-effectiveness in Korea and China, a decision analytic model simulating a cohort of scrub typhus patients using antibiotics as therapy was constructed from a societal perspective over 8 weeks. The number of cure cases per 1000 patients and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated.
Results: We identified 11 relevant articles for network meta-analysis. Of the seven comparisons (azithromycin, chloramphenicol, doxycycline, high-dose rifampin, low-dose rifampin, telithromycin, tetracycline) included in the network meta-analysis, tetracycline was the most effective drug for the treatment of scrub typhus, but the difference is not significant. In the cost-effectiveness analysis, all the treatments were dominated by tetracycline in Korea and China.
Conclusions: Tetracycline is the most economic drug for the treatment of scrub typhus. Hence, tetracycline is recommended as the first choice for the treatment of scrub typhus without contraindications in China and Korea.
Over-prescription of Watch antibiotics in primary healthcare settings in Sudan: results from routinely collected prescription data
Authors: Abdou Enjy , Hayder Rayan , Salaheldin Mohamed , Eltayeb Elseddig
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance represents a significant challenge in Sudan, further exacerbating the burden on healthcare systems already grappling with infectious disease epidemics. This study aims to examine the patterns of antibiotic prescription in primary healthcare settings (PHC) in Sudan and its compliance to the World Health Organization (WHO) Access, Watch and Reserve (AWaRe) antibiotic book.
Methodology: We collected retrospective data on antibiotic prescriptions at 325 PHCs in five states in Sudan for 2022. We collected patient-level data only for prescriptions with at least one antimicrobial prescribed. We used descriptive analysis to identify patterns of antibiotic prescribing according to the WHO AWaRe classification and to calculate the compliance of antibiotic prescriptions against the WHO AWaRe antibiotic book.
Results: A total of 52,274 antimicrobials were prescribed during 41,102 outpatient visits. Antibiotics accounted for 84.1% (n = 43,941) of prescriptions, of which 29.0% (n = 15,160) belonged to the Access antibiotics while 71.0% (n = 37,114) were from the Watch group. None of the prescribed antibiotics were from the Reserve group. Treatment of community-acquired pneumonia showed the highest compliance to the WHO AWaRe antibiotic book (40.1%, n = 447) followed by typhoid (31.5%, n = 53) and urinary tract infection (22.2%, n = 486). Though mostly caused by viral etiology, all patients with bronchitis received antibiotics.
Conclusions: Over-prescribing Watch antibiotics in outpatient settings in Sudan necessitates adopting multifaceted approaches including context-specific antimicrobial stewardship programs and behavioral change interventions targeting patients and prescribers.
Salmonella-induced pericarditis
Authors: Suranadi I Wayan , Adnyana I Komang Putra , Tarini Ni Made Adi
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Salmonella-induced pericarditis (SIP) is a rare complication of Salmonella infection, with only 30 cases reported to date, and a mortality rate of 14.8%. It is mostly associated with immunosuppression and can result in complications such as pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, and myopericarditis.
Case Presentation: A 58-year-old man complained of chest pain, cold sweats, shortness of breath, cough, and a history of fever. Physical and supporting examinations including echocardiography and pericardial fluid culture were positive for Salmonella based on VITEK 2 Biomerieux. Based on antibiotic sensitivity testing for therapy selection, the patient received 2 grams of ceftriaxone via intravenous (IV) every 24 hours which was then maximized to 2 grams every 12 hours. Outpatient management was planned after confirming the amount of pericardial fluid, last culture results, and clinical improvement.
Discussion: SIP is very rare. These infections are caused by direct spread from intrathoracic foci or hematogenous spread from other sites of infection, including cross-reactivity of infectious antigens with the body`s antigens, and/or the presence of infection stimulating host immune reactions. Antimicrobials such as fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins can be given for 4-6 weeks, especially in immunocompromised individuals or those with spread to extra-intestinal sites.
Conclusions: SIP in adult patients with comorbidities and immunocompromised are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis, rational antibiotic therapy, and appropriate surgery provide good prognosis for patients.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene from a pediatric hospital in Morocco
Authors: Serray Bahija , Sobh Mohammed , Timinouni Mohammed , El Azhari Mohamed
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of nosocomial and community infections. These infections are becoming increasingly difficult to combat, because of emerging resistance to all classes of antibiotics. Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is an important virulence factor in MRSA and causes white blood cell destruction, necrosis, and accelerated apoptosis. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of pvl-positive MRSA in a pediatric hospital, in Marrakech, Morocco.
Methodology: 53 isolates of MRSA were recovered in the hospital from December 2010 to May 2014, and confirmed with biochemical tests (coagulase, mannitol fermentation, and DNase). Then, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect pvl.
Results: Among the 259 Staphylococcus aureus isolates collected from various clinical specimens, 53 were identified as MRSA; and the presence of the PVL gene was investigated in them using PCR analysis. Out of the 53 MRSA isolates, only 1 (1.89%) was positive for pvl This pvl-positive MRSA isolate was characterized as staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec IV (SCCmec IV), a type commonly associated with community-acquired MRSA infections.
Conclusions: The study revealed a relatively low prevalence of PVL-positive MRSA among pediatric patients at the University Hospital Center CHU Mohamed VI in Marrakech, with only 1.89% of MRSA isolates testing positive for pvl. Despite this low prevalence, the presence of PVL-positive strains accentuates a potential risk for severe infections in vulnerable children. These findings underscore the imperative need for sustained surveillance and rigorous infection control measures to mitigate the spread of MRSA and other resistant pathogens.
Extra-Mediterranean glacial refugia and range dynamics in a groundwater amphipod species, Niphargus fontanus Spence Bate, 1859, in western Central Europe
Authors: Weber Dieter , Wendt Martin , Schmitt Thomas
Published: February 2025

The biogeography, taxonomy and systematics of ground water organisms is still poorly understood. This is partly due to the difficult accessibility of the habitats and the expert knowledge required for identification. Nevertheless, due to the large distribution range and limited dispersal possibilities of amphipods such as the genus Niphargus, important insights can be gained into biogeographical patterns and evolutionary processes in subterranean ecosystems. Niphargus is the most species-rich genus of freshwater amphipods worldwide and holds great potential for cryptic species whose identification is important for the reconstruction of biogeographic patterns and events. Therefore, we assessed the genetic patterns of Niphargus fontanus Spence Bate, 1859 (Amphipoda: Niphargidae). We sampled the species all over its current distribution and sequenced one mitochondrial and three nuclear gene fragments. We discovered that most records from France were probably misidentifications, and that the species does not occur in central and southern France. Nevertheless, the distribution area extends from Wales to Bavaria, which could make it one of the largest distribution areas within the genus. Compared with other Niphargus, the genetic diversity and differentiation of N. fontanus is low and most likely evolved since the mid-Pleistocene Transition, but reflects a clear phylogeographic pattern with about 13 genetic lineages. These apparently stand for a number of extra-Mediterranean glacial refugia from which postglacial expansion was low to moderate. However, few cases of disjunction within these genetic lineages exist, most likely resulting from rapid expansions along river Rhine which otherwise mostly acted as a dispersal barrier.
Trachyphloeosoma rutiani sp. nov., a new species from Guangdong, China (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae)
Authors: Zhu Jiang , Wang Cheng-Bin , Zhen Ye
Published: February 2025

From August to September 2024, we led a team of Guangzhou No.5 Binjiang Junior High School students to study the community structure of leaf litter beetles in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, southern China, to prepare for the Youth Innovation Competition hosted by the Guangzhou Education Bureau. In the study, 479 specimens were collected in total, identified as 73 species in 14 families. Amongst all the specimens, some are considered new species, one of which is described here.

The genus Trachyphloeosoma Wollaston, 1869 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae, Trachyphloeini) includes six known species occurring in China and the genus is recorded in Guangdong Province for the first time.

A new weevil, Trachyphloeosoma rutiani sp. nov. (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae), is described from Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China. Important morphological characters of the new species are illustrated by colour plates.
Mobile Graphic Device Vision Screening for Unilateral Amblyopia in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Gold Avery S. , Weitzman Sarah A. , Hans Mark , Medow Norman , Moon Jee Young , Kane Steven A.
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To determine whether inter-ocular brightness disparity during a self-directed video game on a mobile graphic device can effectively detect unilateral amblyopia.

Methods

Forty-nine children of ages 3 to 17 years participated in this prospective, non-interventional study. A series of sample image pairs were presented on an iPad (Apple, Inc) to illustrate the concept of relative brightness. Participants subsequently wore spectacles with orthogonally polarized lenses to dissociate image pairs between eyes. The video game employed a forced-choice algorithm that varied relative brightness disparity between image pairs in a stepwise manner. Participants chose the brighter of each pair of images until the end point of equal brightness was detected. The game was repeated to assess consistency. Eye examination records with acuities measured in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution units were subsequently reviewed to compare with the video game results.

Results

The study had a mean game time of 108 seconds. Inter-ocular brightness disparity greater than 0.3 log units indicated a relative afferent brightness sense defect. The video game detected unilateral amblyopia with 88% sensitivity and 95% specificity. The positive predictive value was 78% and the negative predictive value was 98%.

Conclusions

This iPad video game can be played by children at least as young as 3 years of age. Inter-ocular brightness disparity is a sensitive and specific sign of unilateral amblyopia in a general pediatric population. The non-threatening nature and engaging format of this video game make it a promising and accessible method for early amblyopia screening.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 20XX;X(X):XXX–XXX.]
Accuracy and Readability of ChatGPT Responses to Patient-Centric Strabismus Questions
Authors: Gary Ashlyn A. , Lai James M. , Locatelli Elyana V.T. , Falcone Michelle M. , Cavuoto Kara M.
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To assess the medical accuracy and readability of responses provided by ChatGPT (OpenAI), the most widely used artificial intelligence–powered chat-bot, regarding questions about strabismus.

Methods

Thirty-four questions were input into ChatGPT 3.5 (free version) and 4.0 (paid version) at three time intervals (day 0, 1 week, and 1 month) in two distinct geographic locations (California and Florida) in March 2024. Two pediatric ophthalmologists rated responses as “acceptable,” “accurate but missing key information or minor inaccuracies,” or “inaccurate and potentially harmful.” The online tool, Readable, measured the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level and Flesch Reading Ease Score to assess readability.

Results

Overall, 64% of responses by ChatGPT were “acceptable;” but the proportion of “acceptable” responses differed by version (47% for ChatGPT 3.5 vs 53% for 4.0,
P
< .05) and state (77% of California vs 51% of Florida,
P
< .001). Responses in Florida were more likely to be “inaccurate and potentially harmful” compared to those in California (6.9% vs. 1.5%,
P
< .001). Over 1 month, the overall percentage of “acceptable” responses increased (60% at day 0, 64% at 1 week, and 67% at 1 month,
P
> .05), whereas “inaccurate and potentially harmful” responses decreased (5% at day 0, 5% at 1 week, and 3% at 1 month,
P
> .05). On average, responses scored a Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level score of 15, equating to a higher than high school grade reading level.

Conclusions

Although most of ChatGPT's responses to strabismus questions were clinically acceptable, there were variations in responses across time and geographic regions. The average reading level exceeded a high school level and demonstrated low readability. Although ChatGPT demonstrates potential as a supplementary resource for parents and patients with strabismus, improving the accuracy and readability of free versions of ChatGPT may increase its utility.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 20XX;X(X):XXX–XXX.]
The Short-term Effect of Atropine 0.1% on the Axial Length and Choroid of Children Treated for Myopia Progression Prevention, Measured by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Koulalis Jannis A. , Nelis Pieter , Cools Wilfried , Tezcan Fatma , Kuijpers Robert W.
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To investigate the short-term effect of atropine to better understand its mechanism of action in myopia prevention. The current study investigates whether atropine's effect on the axial length arises from an increase in choroidal thickness using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods

Twenty-five myopic children (25 eyes) (9 boys and 16 girls; mean age: 11.8 years, range: 7 to 15 years) were enrolled following documented myopia progression and axial length increase in the preceding 6 months. Using swept-source OCTA, choroidal thickness and choroidal stromal volume (CSV) were measured at baseline and after 1 month of daily atropine 0.1% use. Axial length measurements were taken on the same days.

Results

Following 1 month of daily atropine 0.1% instillation, choroidal thickness increased from 284.24 ± 65.05 to 308.04 ± 70.65 µm (Δ 22.41 ± 4.20 µm,
P
< .01), CSV increased from 11.88 ± 5.20 to 12.96 ± 5.86 mm
3
(Δ 1.08 ± 1.02 mm
3
,
P
< .01), and axial length decreased from 25.37 ± 1.21 to 25.33 ± 1.21 mm (Δ 0.044 ± 0.016 mm,
P
< .05). The CSV and choroidal thickness increase show a negative correlation with the axial length decrease of −0.462 and −0.374, respectively, demonstrating a weak to moderate correlation.

Conclusions

One month of daily atropine 0.1% eye drop administration results in an acute decrease in axial length concurrent with an increase in choroidal thickness and CSV. A direct cause-and-effect relationship between these two parameters is plausible.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 20XX;X(X):XXXXXX.]
Botulinum Toxin Injection With Reduced Volume in the Absence of Electromyographic Assistance for Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia of 25 Prism Diopters or Less
Authors: Zheng Jianming , Ma Bingbin , Wang Ying , Shen Tao , Yu Xinping , Chen Jingchang
Published: February 2025

Purpose

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) injection with reduced volume without electromyographic guidance for the treatment of acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) of 25 prism diopters (PD) or less.

Methods

The authors reviewed the medical records of 60 patients with AACE of 25 PD or less, including 40 patients treated with BTXA injections (BTXA group) and 20 patients treated with Fresnel prism (Fresnel prism group). Patients in the BTXA group were injected with 5 to 6.25 U of BTXA in 0.04 mL of saline into bilateral medial rectus muscles in the absence of electromyography. Patients in the Fresnel prism group wore Fresnel prisms at a minimum amount that could eliminate diplopia. Success was defined with deviations of 10 PD or less at both distance and near fixations and with resolution of diplopia.

Results

In the BTXA group, the success rate of the first injection was 100% after 1 week, but decreased to 57.5% (23/40) after 6 months; the cumulative success rate of two injections was 77.5% (31/40) after 6 months; and one eye (0.93%, 1/108) had complicated mild ptosis. In the Fresnel prism group, the success rate was 5% (1/20) after 6 months of treatment. The difference in cumulative success rate between the two groups was significant (chi-square = 28.158,
P
< .01).

Conclusions

BTXA injection with reduced volume in the absence of electromyography is a simple, effective, and safe modality for patients with AACE who have a small to moderate deviation.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 20XX;X(X):XXX–XXX.]
Nadia Sibirskaïa, « la fée aux yeux tristes » : une singulière traversée de vingt années du cinéma français
Authors: Denis Michel
Published: February 2025

L’article retrace la vie de Germaine Lebas (1900-1980) et sa carrière à l’écran sous le nom de Nadia Sibirskaïa. À Paris, au début des années 1920, la jeune Bretonne rencontra un jeune Estonien qui allait bientôt se faire connaître sous le nom de Dimitri Kirsanoff comme réalisateur indépendant. Sous sa direction, Nadia incarna des personnages sensibles, fragiles, marqués par les épreuves de la vie. Sa photogénie personnelle et son expressivité furent très remarquées. Elle tint le rôle principal dans cinq films muets de Kirsanoff, dont le plus emblématique, Ménilmontant (1926), est représentatif de l’avant-garde cinématographique de cette période. Jean Grémillon la dirigea pour son premier rôle parlant dans la Petite Lise (1930), puis Kirsanoff lui confia d’autres rôles dans ses films, dont le plus notable est Rapt (1934), adapté d’un roman de Ramuz et tourné en Suisse. Elle apporta par la suite de belles contributions à trois films de Jean Renoir, le Crime de monsieur Lange (1936), La vie est à nous (1936) et la Marseillaise (1938). Sa carrière fut interrompue par la survenue de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Cet article s’appuie sur de nombreuses informations inédites provenant de la famille et des proches de Nadia qui aident à mieux comprendre le profil d’une carrière accidentée, mais marquée de moments forts, très représentatifs des années pionnières du cinéma français de l’entre-deux-guerres.
Harvesting Indigenous Onto-Epistemologies for Contributing to a More Balanced and Sustainable Future
Authors: Romm Norma Ruth Arlene
Published: February 2025

This chapter outlines the interpretation of the contours of Indigenous onto-epistemologies (existing prior to colonization by the West) as proffered by various sages and scholars, including the relevance of these for the current era. It focuses on the axiological commitments towards strengthening the relational balance across human and more-than-human existence. It indicates implications for enabling learning exchanges between Indigenous and Western ways of doing science, but with the proviso that we reflect critically on the values that the science and its products are serving (wittingly or unwittingly). It contends, drawing on and extending the work of a host of Indigenous authors, that the quest for supposed value freedom in the practice of science is a chimera and that our knowing processes are necessarily value-invested. This starting point prompts us to experiment further with ways of rendering the process of world-making (locally and globally) more inclusively beneficial and sustainable.
Harnessing Indigenous Entrepreneurship in the 21st Century for Sustainable Development
Authors: Ngakane Bonny
Published: February 2025

This chapter explores the harnessing of indigenous entrepreneurship (IE) in Botswana for sustainable development in the 21st century. It examines two case studies of Indigenous entrepreneurs in Botswana, highlighting the use of traditional and modern knowledge. One of these Indigenous entrepreneurs sells donkey milk products, and another deals with fashion apparels. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with participants from two indigenous ventures in Botswana. Data were also gathered from published secondary sources with information on Indigenous entrepreneurship in Botswana and other countries like Canada, Nigeria, South Africa and Peru. The analysis revealed a lack of dedicated structures and policies for IE, with government support being generic. Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) are identified as valuable capital for start-ups, aiding adaptation and innovation. Indigenous entrepreneurs primarily use IKS for product development and digital technologies for marketing. The chapter recommends enacting and implementing specific policies and structures to govern IE. It suggests the Ngakane model as a guide for policymakers to sustain IE through modern technology integration. The model also addresses challenges faced by Indigenous entrepreneurs, aiming to foster a sustainable and innovative Indigenous entrepreneurial ecosystem.
Fostering Cultural and Cognitive Justice Through Inclusive Learning
Authors: Shizha Edward
Published: February 2025

This theoretical chapter discusses the relevance and importance of indigenous African knowledges in promoting sustainable learning for indigenous African students. It argues that sustainable learning cannot be achieved when schooling content and pedagogical practices exclude colonized and marginalised indigenous knowledges. Culture involves politics of knowledge construction, and school knowledge that excludes indigenous knowledges lacks cultural justice and cognitive justice— the right of all forms and traditions of knowledge to co-exist in producing meaningful learning for students. Cognitive justice contributes to meaningful education requiring students' capacities and capabilities that are rooted in their social and cultural lived experiences, which in turn, should be the epistemological foundations defining school knowledge. The chapter concludes that to promote cultural justice and cognitive justice that can lead to sustainable learning and sustainable livelihoods indigenous knowledge systems should be the foundation of school knowledge in Africa.
The Body as a Divination Bone
Authors: Kgope Tebogo Victoria
Published: February 2025

This chapter casts the body or people as symbolising divining bones when reimagining the Indigenous African concepts in Indigenous knowledge. With the application of the African ear, the researcher illustrates the conceptual duology of Dani Nabudere and Ngũgĩ wa Thiongʼo as encompassed with Credo Vusamazulu Mutwa's application of the bone oracle in retelling the indigenous ways of knowing. Drawing from Credo Mutwa's methodology of divining bones, the concepts motlhakola or dispossession, thwagadima as death or danger and mpherefere as chaos and disputes are explored using the conceptual framework of Nabudere and wa Thiongʼo to comprehend Mutwa's application of the bone oracle. The methodological approach and position are of the fall of the divination bones, applied figuratively as people. The aim is to recognise the state and positionality projected in different people as bodies that characterise ditaola or divining bones especially when inculcating African spiritual perspectives as realised in an African university. Is the body in synch with the dominant theories and concepts used by the academy and society? The chapter calls for a political will for the state and the African universities to appreciate the observed realities of its people.
A qualitative meta-synthesis of the essence of patient experiences of dialysis
Authors: Jang Soyoung , Suh Eunyoung E. , Seok Yoonhee
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the experiences of dialysis and their meaning among patients with chronic kidney disease through a meta-synthesis of the existing literature. Since 2010, the prevalence of end-stage renal disease has doubled in South Korea, which has the sixth-highest incidence worldwide. Although most kidney disease patients undergo dialysis to attenuate disease-related symptoms and prolong their lives, the implications of dialysis on their lives, together with the role played by patients’ significant others, remain underexplored. Similarly, existing research has not considered both patients with hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.Methods: In this meta-synthesis, seven electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, DBpia, KISS, and RISS) were searched for the terms “dialysis” and “qualitative.” Thirty qualitative studies were selected for examination.Results: The overriding theme observed in the studies was “I do not have much time left.”–navigating the dual realities of one’s limited existence, while other key themes were: (1) the inevitable experience of the troubles of dialysis, (2) life is extended, but deteriorating in every aspect, (3) accepting dialysis with a positive outlook for life, and (4) essential support experienced in an exhausting life.Conclusion: These findings are important for the design and delivery of practical and tailored nursing interventions to help patients overcome the various challenges related to dialysis treatment, and improve their quality of life.
Skin infection by larva migrans and scabies mites: case reports on unusual skin localizations
Authors: Martella Alessandro
Published: February 2025

Unusual skin infection localization represents a challenge to physicians regarding presentation and mode of acquisition, all of which might influence the diagnosis. At the same time, the administration of incorrect drugs due to a misdiagnosis might have a negative impact on the disease course. This article presents two case reports detailing the unusual presentation of larva migrans and scabies mites infection in two Italian patients, highlighting the importance of clinical vigilance and comprehensive evaluation of patients. These cases suggest how an accurate diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and appropriate diagnostic tools, such as dermoscopy, for the prompt recognition of skin infections and the consequent optimal patient outcome.
Impact of climate change on dengue fever: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Liu Mai , Zhang Yin
Published: February 2025

Dengue is the most widespread and fastest-growing vectorborne disease worldwide. We employed bibliometric analysis to provide an overview of research on the impact of climate change on dengue fever focusing on both global and Southeast Asian regions. Using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database, we reviewed studies on the impact of climate change on dengue fever between 1974 and 2022 taking into account study locations and international collaboration. The VOS viewer software (https://www.vosviewer.com/) and the Bibliometrix R package (https://www.bibliometrix.org/) were used to visualise country networks and keywords. We collected 2,055 relevant articles published globally between 1974 and 2022 on the impact of climate change on dengue fever, 449 of which published in Southeast Asia. Peaking in 2021, the overall number of publications showed a strong increase in the period 2000-2022. The United States had the highest number of publications (n=558) followed by China (261) and Brazil (228). Among the Southeast Asian countries, Thailand had most publications (n=123). Global and Southeast Asian concerns about the impact of climate change on dengue fever are essentially the same. They all emphasise the relationship between temperature and other climatic conditions on the one hand and the transmission of Aedes aegypti on the other. A significant positive correlation exists between the number of national publications and socioeconomic index and between international collaboration and scientific productivity in the field. Our study demonstrates the current state of research on the impact of climate change on dengue and provides a comparative analysis of the Southeast Asian region. Publication output in Southeast Asia lags behind that of major countries worldwide, and various strategies should be implemented to improve international collaboration, such as increasing the number of international collaborative projects and providing academic resources and research platforms for researchers.
Salvatore Maugeri at padua university: The establishment of the chair of occupational medicine And the promotion of psychotechnical studies
Authors: Giora Enrico , Bobbio Andrea
Published: February 2025

The aim of the work is to reconstruct, based on unpublished archival materials and through the review of academic records, the events in relation with the foundation of the Institute of Occupational Medicine at the University of Padua and its connection with psychotechnical studies. The birth of the discipline in Italy is briefly outlined, starting with the contribution of its pioneers at the beginning of the twentieth century (Luigi Devoto, Luigi Ferrannini, Nicolò Castellino), and up to the 1940 competition for a professorship position at the University of Siena, whose results determined the future of the second generation of leading scientists in this field (Scipione Caccuri, Salvatore Maugeri, Enrico Vigliani, Giuseppe Aiello and Gustavo Quarelli). Maugeri, a pupil of Luigi Preti who in 1935 had replaced Devoto in the direction of the Clinica del lavoro (Work Clinic) of Milan, turned out to be second in that competition and, following an agreement with the Ente Nazionale di Propaganda per la Prevenzione degli Infortuni sul lavoro (ENPI), in 1941 he was appointed to the newly established chair in Padua – where a lectureship in Occupational Medicine had been already assigned to Rinaldo Pellegrini, Professor of Legal Medicine, since 1932. Once the appeal against the outcome of the Siena competition was won, the evaluation procedure was redone in 1942 under a new Commission, chaired by Agostino Gemelli, and Maugeri was confirmed in Padua. Even if the first period of his activities suffered the consequences of the lack of appropriate clinical and research facilities, worsened by war events and his personal vicissitudes, Maugeri was promoted Full Professor in 1946. Since then, he started reorganizing the Institute, thanks to the funds granted by both the University of Padua and the Istituto Nazionale per l’Assicurazione contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro (INAIL). After a decade of intense activity, a Postgraduate Specialization School of Occupational Medicine was opened in 1954 but in 1956 Maugeri moved to the University of Pavia. During the difficult years spent in Padua, he had the merit of safeguarding the existence of the Institute of Psychology, thus allowing Fabio Metelli to resume the research activities, at that time mainly oriented towards the common area of Psychotechnics.
Monitoring of health surveillance of workers who remove materials containing asbestos and quality assessment of radiographs
Authors: Stopponi Roberta , Bonacucina Viviana , Cardona Enrico , Leonori Rita , Napoli Giancarlo , Quercia Augusto
Published: February 2025

Background. Chest radiography performed with ILO criteria remains an excellent test for health surveillance due to its low cost, easy accessibility and low dose of ionizing radiation: in Italy, however, the technical quality of chest radiographs for pneumoconiosis is often unsatisfactory. Objectives. In accordance with the Regional Prevention Plan of the Marche Region (Line 6.3) a monitoring of the health surveillance in companies involved in the removal of products containing asbestos was carried out, verifying the application of the ILO guidelines and the quality of the radiographs of the chest of workers. Methods. A trained reader (A reader) and two expert readers (B Readers) evaluated the application of the ILO Guidelines in a sample of 188 chest radiographs that classified according to the technical quality, the presence of parenchymal anomalies and pleural anomalies. Results. The results highlight the failure to apply the ILO guidelines and the poor compliance with the technical quality standards of the radiograms performed during the health surveillance of exposed workers, in accordance with previous reports. Conclusions. The authors reaffirm the need to tackle the problem of the quality of radiographic examinations by promoting the application of the ILO Guidelines and the criteria of good practice (including the criteria of radiological protection), to direct the monitoring of health surveillance on these aspects, to strengthen the network of radiologists and occupational physicians with specific training and certification of B-reader.
Recommendations for the respiratory rehabilitation of hospitalized and discharged COVID-19 patients: A sistematic review
Authors: Fila Eriona , Rocco Ilaria , Rocco Gennaro , Zuccon Umberto , Ruberti Enzo
Published: February 2025

Background. Pulmonary rehabilitation in COVID-19 patients, since the beginning, has focused the attention of healthcare professionals. At the moment, we can state that a multidisciplinary collaboration and a joint action is essential in order to provide a high quality scientific evidence based support. The aim of this review is to outline respiratory rehabilitation recommendations, for COVID-19 patients, and an effective and reasonable rehabilitation model for discharged patients. Methods. The literature review was carried out from 11/02/2020 to 15/07/2020 using the following keywords: (Respiratory rehabilitation or physiotherapy) and COVID-19. The following databases were consulted: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus and PEDro. Studies selection was performed through the PRISMA method. Studies about the physiotherapy recommendations to follow for hospitalized e non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients have been included. Results. The articles identified are 619, after reading the full text, 32 articles were found to be useful and relevant to the research. Currently, for patients hospitalized in serious/critical condition, it is not suggested to proceed early to pulmonary rehabilitation. In the post-acute phase, it is recommended to run a rehabilitation program of a minimum duration of six weeks which includes: aerobic exercises, strength training, balance training and respiratory training. Conclusion. Relieve dyspnea, reduce anxiety and depression are the main goals in a short-term rehabilitation program whilst the long-term objects are: better preserve the functional capacity of the patient, improve his life condition and facilitate his return to the community.
Pain, its diagnosis and treatment in a rehabilitation setting: A national survey
Authors: Casale Roberto , Boldrini Paolo , Christodoulou Nicolas , Medicine & Rehabilitation (SIMFER) Italian Society of Physical
Published: February 2025

We are presenting the results of the DO-RIA survey (DOlore in RIAbilitazione or Pain in Rehabilitation) a web-based questionnaire. Its aim was to acquire objective truthful insights into the dimension of pain its diagnosis, treatment and impact in a rehabilitation setting. The questionnaire was e-mailed to the physicians belonging to the Italian Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (SIMFER). The questionnaire was constructed to respond to five major answers related to a) the dimension of the problem (number and characteristics of patients and type of pain (acute, chronic, neuropathic, nociceptive/inflammatory); b) the burden of pain on disability; c) how pain is assessed (i.e. the use of questionnaires) and managed (i.e. the presence of a pain management programme in or outside a rehabilitation setting) and if there is adherence to guidelines; d) the prescribing habits for medications and physical therapies. Questions were also addressed to set respondents’ self-assessment of their ability to diagnose and treat pain, whether they consider the need of further training and, if so, what aspects would be most useful. Conclusion: In contrast with the high number of people undergoing rehabilitation who report any form of pain and pain-related disability, there is a lack of pain management program considering chronic pain as a disabling disease in itself and therefore deserving of specific skills and rehabilitative programs. This is stressed by the perceived need expressed by the responders to implement continuous medical education in order to make rehabilitation an essential element in the management of the disability related to chronic pain.
Resilience skills as a protective factor against burnout for health professionals: a cross-sectional study on new hires from the hospital of Lodi
Authors: Cacciatori Ivana , Grossi Chiara , D’Auria Ciro , Bruneri Asia , Casella Camilla
Published: February 2025

Burnout symptoms are very common in health professionals. Public health workers are exposed to high levels of distress due to the need to face their parents’ health problems. For this reason, they need to preserve some resources that can protect them from emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and low personal realization. Therefore, we analyzed the relationship between resilience and burnout in a sample of 85 health workers from the hospital of Lodi. Subjects who took part of the study are physicians, nurses, health and social workers, etc. Results show a significative correlation (p < 0.01) between resilience and two of the three burnout dimensions (emotional exhaustion and personal realization) and a predictive value of resilience for the same dimensions mentioned above (p < 0.01). These considerations confirm the importance of resilience to face distress and to avoid burnout.
The punctuation of silence
Authors: Pisani Claudia
Published: February 2025

How do we stand facing silence, as human beings before therapists? A look at the silence in music and in the therapeutic field to focus attention to silence as tool for Music Therapy. In Latin Language we have two words to define silence, tacere and silere and the nuances between their meanings arise clearly; recognize them in our daily life and in the therapeutic relationship can be a source to achieve an authentic listening and a greater awareness of the time of return to the sound gesture. Moreover, looking for pauses in therapeutic listening, open to stimulating field of research on the bodily effects caused not only by the peculiarities of the musical (melody, harmony, rhythm, timbre), but also by the different balances between sound and silence.
RISKS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH AND THE ENVIRONMENT ASSOCIATED WITH PRODUCTS AND WASTE CONTAINING NANOMATERIALS: REGULATORY AND MANAGEMENT ISSUES IN THE EUROPEAN FRAMEWORK
Authors: Zamengo Luca , Nasello Mariano , Branchi Barbara , Bracalente Giulio , Vergari Walter , Bertocco Cesare , Costernaro Andrea
Published: February 2025

Nanomaterials can revolutionize everyday products, but there are still many unanswered questions about the risks they may pose to human health and the environment. Inconsistent definitions and metrological issues are still of concern for manufacturers, importers and distributors who are demanded to comply with strict regulations. It is also likely that the increasing number of nanomaterial-containing products available on the market will vary the chemical and physical properties of the waste produced, which is currently treated in traditional plants without any particular differentiation.Treatment efficiency for nanomaterials-containing waste should then be addressed and the risks of uncontrolled emissions considered. Finally, the risks associated with the use of nanomaterials-containing products may not be sufficiently characterized as current exposure estimation models are not designed for estimating exposure to nanomaterials and they are likely to be affected by large uncertainties. Hence, it would be important for national and international institutions to provide, as soon as possible, harmonized regulations covering all aspects of the life cycle of products and waste containing nanomaterials. This paper is proposed as a starting point for reflection on the main regulatory and management issues associated with products and waste containing nanomaterials, focusing mainly on the European framework.
INJURIES AMONG SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE PERIOD 2010-2015
Authors: La Torre Giuseppe , Mannocci Alice , Sestili Cristina , Di Folco Francesco , Foschi Camilla , Lucchese Chiara , Brauneis Stefano , Sernia Sabina
Published: February 2025

Background. The phenomenon of accidents during the university course is a public health problem. Students spend a lot of time at university and in structure for training. This this leads them to be exposed to biological, chemical and ergonomic risk of accidents or occupational diseases.Aim. The aim of this study is to describe accidents that occurred to students of Sapienza University in Rome during the period 2010-2015.Materials and Methods. Retrospective study conducted on a cohort of students from Sapienza University in the years 2010-2015. As a source of data was used register of accidents reported by the students.Results. During the period considered, injuries were recorded in 791 students, mainly female (71.8%). Nursing students were the most affected (92.8%), followed by medical students (5.7%) and finally students of other faculties (1.5%). Point wounds were the most frequent (n=462) representing 58.4% of the total and occur mainly at the wrist and hand (n=380); the second most frequent type of injury is contact with biological liquid (n=159) followed by contusions (n=72), the most affected site in this case are the head and the face (n=81; n=23). Contusions often also involve multiple regions (n=17). In lesser numbers there are also the distortions (n=55), and fractures (n=26) the most frequent first ankle and foot (25.5%), the second most frequent wrist and hand (34.6%) The incidence of accidents ranged from 0.079% in 2011 to 0.161% in 2012.Conclusion. There is a need to design measures for more intensive specific training on biomedical students, especially nursing students, as the most exposed category, in order to reduce the accident phenomenon. Particular attention should be paid to the safe handling of sharp objects. It would be beneficial to include in the course of teaching lessons aimed at security and greater awareness of the risk.
LEAN, WORK AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING
Authors: Garoni Carla , Dori Fabrizio , Bianciardi Caterina , Centauri Federica , Guercini Jacopo , Biancalani Fabio
Published: February 2025

Many studies have confirmed the existence of a close relationship between job satisfaction and health. The Siena University Hospital introduced the Lean approach to support personnel development / empowerment and promote a constant improvement in work organization, with the aim of creating value for patients, professionals and the whole organization. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the introduction and the development of this improvement approach in healthcare could contribute to the enhancement of psychological wellbeing and employee satisfaction, with a positive value in preventing related stress work.The Lyne & Barrett Employee Wellbeing Questionnaire (EWQ) was administered to employees involved in selected Lean projects carried out at the Siena University Hospital. The EWe is composed of 59 items and it is structured in three areas: organizational wellbeing, working satisfaction and workload. The analysis of the results showed significant evidence of the impact of improvement activities on the working satisfaction and the workload.