bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Current Situation and Trend of Blockchain Technology in the Financial Field
Authors: Zhang Weixuan
Published: August 2022

In the Internet era, with the development and application of information technology, the financial environment is becoming more and more complex, and traditional financial business products and service models are gradually unable to meet people’s daily needs. In response to this problem, it is important to iteratively upgrade the traditional business products by rationally applying the existing information technology in the entire financial market and realize the adjustment of the organizational structure of financial institutions and the optimization of products and services. With the development of network technology, the research on the application of blockchain technology in the financial field is gradually carried out, and its advantages and characteristics are of great significance to the optimization and upgrading of the traditional financial system. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the research status and trends of blockchain technology in the financial field. Through CiteSpace to analyze all relevant researches on blockchain technology in the financial field, we can grasp the research status and trends of blockchain technology in the financial field as a whole, coping with financial issues in the new environment. This article explains the basic theory of blockchain technology and conducts an overall visual analysis of related research on blockchain technology in the financial field based on CiteSpace. The results showed that the research keywords of blockchain technology in the financial field at home and abroad are concentrated in “supply chain finance,” and China’s research on this keyword accounts for 59.5%. Foreign research on this keyword accounts for 26.5%. The difference is 33%, and the overall popularity is on the rise.
The Landscape of Robinson Crusoe in China: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Liao Zhihua , Tan Joan Qionglin
Published: August 2022

Daniel Defoe’s novel The Life and Strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe has an everlasting impact in China since its first entrance in Cantonese in 1902. Now, it has become a Robinson Crusoe industry in the publishing sector. This paper attempts to give quantitative evidence from bibliometrics to examine its popularity in China. The data collected are based on all articles published in authoritative CSSCI journals from its inception (1999) to January 2021. We also retrieved Robinson Crusoe results from the National Library Reference Alliance and e‐commerce China Dangdang to identify its popular Chinese versions. Five themes are concerned with this novel: comparative literature, economic analysis, translation studies, communication, and philosophical thinking. The study has articulated that Robinson Crusoe’s publications in China have increased significantly since the novel was designated as a topic related to China’s National College Entrance Examination in 2018. Hence, rewriting Robinson Crusoe for teenagers has been a driver for a wide readership, which accordingly makes its translation much embraced in the Chinese world due to the recent statistics.
Study of Deep Learning-Based Legal Judgment Prediction in Internet of Things Era
Authors: Zheng Min , Liu Bo , Sun Le
Published: August 2022

Legal judgment prediction is the most typical application of artificial intelligence technology, especially natural language processing methods, in the judicial field. In a practical environment, the performance of algorithms is often restricted by the computing resource conditions due to the uneven computing performance of the devices. Reducing the computational resource consumption of the model and improving the inference speed can effectively reduce the deployment difficulty of the legal judgment prediction model. To improve the prediction accuracy, enhance the model inference speed, and reduce the model memory consumption, we propose a BERT knowledge distillation-based legal decision prediction model, called KD-BERT. To reduce the resource consumption in the model inference process, we use the BERT pretraining model with lower memory requirements to be the encoder. Then, the knowledge distillation strategy transfers the knowledge to the student model of the shallow transformer structure. Experiment results show that the proposed KD-BERT has the highest F1-score compared with traditional BERT models. Its inference speed is also much faster than the other BERT models.
Predictive Value of HPV E6/E7 mRNA Detection on the Outcome of Cervical LSIL
Authors: Cao Limei , He Ping , Yang Jun , Long Xin , Chen Yanqiu , Yan Li , Zhou Deping
Published: August 2022

Objective. To assess the predictive worth of HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection in the outcome of the cervical low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL). From September 2017 to early September 2019, patients screened for high-risk HPV positive or abnormal cervical liquid-based cytology were retrospectively analyzed and diagnosed with LSIL by cervical biopsy were recruited. The independent influencing factors of the regression of LSIL lesions after follow-up were analyzed, and the outcome of LSIL was calculated. The results of the initial colposcopy in this study were CIN I, CIN II/P16-negative, CIN II/P16-positive, and CIN III. At the time of re-examination, LSIL patients had three outcomes: regression, persistence, and progression. In the two follow-ups, 330 patients were finally included, including 276 CIN I patients (group A) and 54 CIN II/P16-negative patients (group B). The positive rates of HPV E6/E7 mRNA in each group were 66.67% and 70.37% for A and B, respectively. The total positive rate of E6/E7 mRNA was 67.27%, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). After 1 year follow-up, whether HPV E6/E7 mRNA regressed or was negative was associated with the outcome of LSIL-related lesions (

P
<
0.05

). The regression or negative rate of HPV E6/E7 mRNA was 1.57 times higher than the progression rate of HPV E6/E7 mRNA-positive diagnosis of LSIL lesions. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age at first sexual intercourse, HPV E6/E7 mRNA results, and lesion type were statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). Whether HPV E6/E7 mRNA was negative (OR = 2.420,

P
=
0.001

) and age at first sexual intercourse ≥20 years (OR = 0.420,

P
=
0.002

) were independent influencing factors associated with LSIL regression. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that age of first sexual intercourse ≥20 years (OR = 0.420,

P
=
0.002

) and HPV E6/E7 mRNA-negative (OR = 2.420,

P
=
0.001

) were independent factors associated with LSIL. HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection can be used for predicting the outcome of LSIL and has a good application value.
Mental State Assessment in College English Teaching Courses Based on Deep Learning
Authors: Ji Beibei
Published: August 2022

College English teaching aims at students with different foundations and characteristics. Also, it is necessary to grasp the mental state of students in time during the teaching process. Based on the bimodal information of facial expressions and speech of classroom students, this paper designs a mental state assessment method based on deep learning. For bimodal emotion recognition of facial expressions and speech, a feature fusion method based on sparse canonical correlation analysis (SCCA) is proposed in this paper. First, the emotional features of the facial expression and speech are extracted, respectively. Then, SCCA is used to fuse the emotional features of the two modalities. Finally, the sparse representation-based classification (SRC) is used as the classifier for emotional prediction. Based on the prediction results, the mental state of different students can be grasped, so as to adjust the teaching strategy in a targeted manner. Experiments are carried out based on public datasets. First, the proposed method achieves the average classification accuracy of 92.4%, which is higher than those from the present methods for comparison. Second, under the condition of noise corruption, the proposed method keeps the superior robustness over the comparison methods. The results show that the proposed bimodal emotion recognition method based on SCCA and SRC can achieve higher recognition rates than some present methods.
YOLOv5-MGC: GUI Element Identification for Mobile Applications Based on Improved YOLOv5
Authors: Cheng Jing , Tan Dingmei , Zhang Tao , Wei Aodi , Chen Jingyi
Published: August 2022

The identification of interface elements is the first step in mobile application automated testing and the key to smooth testing. However, existing object detection algorithms have a low accuracy rate, and some tiny elements are missed in the recognition of graphical user interface (GUI) elements. To address this limitation, this paper proposes the YOLOv5-MGC algorithm, a robot vision-based interface element recognition algorithm for mobile applications. The algorithm improves the network by using K-means++ algorithm for target anchor box generation, applying the attention mechanism, adding a microscale detection layer, and introducing the Ghost bottleneck module. The proposed approach enhances the recognition accuracy of the elements through the target anchor box and attention mechanism. Moreover, it enhances the network’s ability to detect tiny elements, which improves the shortcomings of the current target detection algorithm and is conducive to further promoting mobile application robot testing and enhancing robot testing automation. Experimental results show that the YOLOv5-MGC algorithm is superior to the YOLOv5 for object detection in the recognition of GUI elements, with the mean average precision (mAP_0.5) reaching 89.8% and the recognition precision reaching 80.8%.
ABIN1 Inhibits Inflammation through Necroptosis-Dependent Pathway in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Bao Jing , Ye Bin , Ren Yuhan
Published: August 2022

Background. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by chronic, recurrent intestinal inflammation and intestinal epithelial injury including a wide range of epithelial cell death, ulcers, crypt abscesses, and the formation of fibrosis. The intestinal barrier dysfunction runs through the whole process of the occurrence and development of UC. A recent study revealed that an ubiquitin binding protein ABIN1 played a role in tissue homeostasis and autoimmunity diseases which involved in the anti-inflammatory response of intestinal epithelia cells. However, the roles of ABIN1 in ulcerative colitis pathogenesis remain unclear. Methods. The mRNA and protein expression level of ABIN1 and necroptosis-associated genes (RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL) were conducted to investigate the relationship between ABIN1 and necroptosis in clinical UC specimens. Subsequently, the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mice colitis model was used to verify the ABIN1 function in vivo. Furthermore, we established ABIN1 gain and loss function assay in CACO-2 to confirm the mechanism in UC in vitro. Results. We found that ABIN1, RIPK1, RIPK3, and MLKL were upregulated in UC sample and DSS-induced colitis. Upon TNF-α stimulation in the intestinal epithelia cell line, overexpression of ABIN1 significantly inhibits necroptosis in the intestinal inflammation model along with the reduction expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL1B, IL6, IL8, and TNF-α. Blocking RIPK1 by Nec-1s in vivo and in vitro dramatically alleviated the colitis and cell death which shares the same phenotype with ABIN1 overexpression. Conclusion. Hence, the dysregulation of ABIN1 may relate to the uncontrolled necroptosis and inflammation in UC, and negatively regulate the occurrence and process of ulcerative colitis. ABIN1 activation may be considered a therapeutic strategy for UC.
m6A-Related lncRNAs Predict Overall Survival of Patients and Regulate the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Bi Yikang , Meng Depeng , Wan Ma , Xu Ning , Xu Yafeng , Yuan Kaixuan , Liu Pengcheng , Fang Hao , Hu Hai , Lan Shenghui
Published: August 2022

Background. m6A-related lncRNAs have demonstrated great potential tumor diagnostic and therapeutic targets. The goal of this work was to find m6A-regulated lncRNAs in osteosarcoma patients. Method. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to retrieve RNA sequencing and medical information from osteosarcoma sufferers. The Pearson’s correlation test was used to identify the m6A-related lncRNAs. A risk model was built using univariate and multivariable Cox regression analysis. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and receiver functional requirements were used to assess the risk model's performance (ROC). By using the CIBERSORT method, the associations between the relative risks and different immune cell infiltration were investigated. Lastly, the bioactivities of high-risk and low-risk subgroups were investigated using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Result. A total of 531 m6A-related lncRNAs were obtained from TCGA. Seven lncRNAs have demonstrated prognostic values. A total of 88 OS patients were separated into cluster 1, cluster 2, and cluster 3. The overall survival rate of OS patients in cluster 3 was more favorable than that of those in cluster 1 and cluster 2. The average Stromal score was much higher in cluster 1 than in cluster 2 and cluster 3 (

P
<
0.05

). The expression levels of lncRNAs used in the construction of the risk prediction model in the high-risk group were generally lower than those in the low-risk group. Analysis of patient survival indicated that the survival of the low-risk group was higher than that of the high-risk group (

P
<
0.0001

) and the area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curve was 0.719. Using the CIBERSORT algorithm, the results revealed that Macrophages M0, Macrophages M2, and T cells CD4 memory resting accounted for a large proportion of immune cell infiltration. By GSEA analysis, our results implied that the high-risk group was mainly involved in unfolded protein response, DNA repair signaling, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling pathway and glycolysis pathway; meanwhile, the low-risk group was mainly involved in estrogen response early and KRAS signaling pathway. Conclusion. Our investigation showed that m6A-related lncRNAs remained tightly connected to the immunological microenvironment of osteosarcoma tumors, potentially influencing carcinogenesis and development. The immune microenvironment and immune-related biochemical pathways can be changed by regulating the transcription of M6A modulators or lncRNAs. In addition, we looked for risk-related signaling of m6A-related lncRNAs in osteosarcomas and built and validated the risk prediction system. The findings of our current analysis will facilitate the assessment of outcomes and the development of immunotherapies for sufferers of osteosarcomas.
Application of Information Encryption Technology in Computer Network Communication Security
Authors: Zhang Hongbo
Published: August 2022

In order to improve the communication efficiency while ensuring the security of communication information, this paper proposes a design and research method of a computer information security communication method by introducing data encryption technology. A new communication method is proposed through the construction of computer information security communication transmission model, computer information communication user identity authentication, communication information data encryption and decryption processing based on data encryption technology, and computer secondary communication key update. The experimental results show that the new communication method and ZigBee-based communication method are applied to the same communication environment through comparative experiments. The addition of encryption time and decryption time of the experimental group can be basically controlled within 70 ms, while the addition of encryption time and decryption time of the control group exceeds 70 ms, which verifies that the new communication method has higher security and communication efficiency. The introduction of data encryption technology in the actual information communication process can provide guarantee conditions for information security.
Asymptotics and Confluence for a Singular Nonlinearq-Difference-Differential Cauchy Problem
Authors: Malek S.
Published: August 2022

We examine a family of nonlinearq−difference-differential Cauchy problems obtained as a coupling of linear Cauchy problems containing dilationq−difference operators, recently investigated by the author, and quasilinear Kowalevski type problems that involve contractionq−difference operators. We build up local holomorphic solutions to these problems. Two aspects of these solutions are explored. One facet deals with asymptotic expansions in the complex time variable for which a mixed type Gevrey andq−Gevrey structure are exhibited. The other feature concerns the problem of confluence of these solutions asq>1tends to 1.
Lack of Familial Aggregation of the “Essential Tremor-Plus” Phenotype in Familial Essential Tremor
Authors: Berry Diane S. , Hernandez Nora , Clark Lorraine N. , Louis Elan D.
Published: August 2022

Background: Essential tremor (ET) is a highly prevalent neurological disease that frequently runs in families. A recent and controversial proposal is to separate ET patients into two distinct groups – ET versus ET-plus. If this were a valid construct, one would expect in familial aggregation studies to observe that ET-plus would cluster in some families yet be absent in others, rather than being randomly distributed across families. We examined whether there is evidence of familial aggregation of ET-plus. Methods: Probands (n = 84 [56 ET-plus and 28 ET]) and their first- and second-degree relatives (n = 182 and 48) enrolled in a genetics study. χ2 and generalized estimating equations (GEE) tested associations between probands’ ET-plus status and the ET-plus status of their relatives. Results: χ2 analyses revealed that ET-plus was no more prevalent in relatives of probands diagnosed with ET-plus than in relatives of probands diagnosed with ET, p > 0.05. Restricting relatives to first-degree relatives similarly did not detect a significant association (p = 0.88). GEE yielded similar results (respective p’s = 0.39 and 0.81). Conclusion: The data demonstrate that ET-plus does not seem to aggregate in families. As such, they do not lend support to the notion that ET-plus is a valid biological construct.
Synaptic Neurofilaments and GluN1-Neurofilament Light Chain Interaction in Experimental Models of α-Synucleinopathies
Authors: Imarisio Alberto , Ferrari Elena , Pilotto Andrea , Di Luca Monica , Padovani Alessandro , Gardoni Fabrizio
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Although neurofilaments are mainly expressed in large caliber myelinated axons, recent evidence supports the existence of a specific synaptic pool, where neurofilament light chain (NfL) has been proposed to stabilize NMDA receptor (NMDAR) at postsynaptic membrane through a direct interaction with the GluN1 subunit. Here, we assessed the expression and synaptic abundance of neurofilaments and their interaction with NMDAR in experimental α-synucleinopathy models. Methods: We used confocal imaging and biochemical approaches to confirm NMDAR-NfL interaction at synapses. Western blotting in purified fractions and co-immunoprecipitation assays were then performed to assess synaptic neurofilament expression and GluN1-NfL interaction in (i) α-synuclein pre-formed fibrils (α-syn PFF)-treated hippocampal neuronal cultures and (ii) mice intrastriatally injected with α-syn-PFF. Results: We identified the existence of a direct protein-protein interaction between NMDAR and NfL endogenously expressed in neurons. Our findings showed increased striatal GluN1-NfL interaction levels at early phases of α-syn PFF-treated mice compared to controls (NfL/GluN1 optical density: α-syn PFF 0.71 ± 0.04; controls 0.48 ± 0.03; t(9) = 4.67; p = 0.001). In agreement with this observation, we found that NfL levels are increased in striatal postsynaptic fractions of α-syn PFF-treated mice (normalized optical density: α-syn PFF 1.86 ± 0.14; controls 1.34 ± 0.13; t(18) = 2.70; p = 0.015). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate alterations of striatal synaptic neurofilament pool in α-synucleinopathy models and open the way to further investigations evaluating a potential role of neurofilament dysregulation in explaining glutamatergic synaptic dysfunction observed in α-synucleinopathies such as Parkinson’s disease.
Effect of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Micropropagation of Some Pitaya Varieties
Authors:   Tekfen Agricultural Research Production and Marketing Inc., Adana, Turkey, Bozkurt Taner , Inan Sezen ,   Tekfen Agricultural Research Production and Marketing Inc., Adana, Turkey, Dundar Ijlal ,   Tekfen Agricultural Research Production and Marketing Inc., Adana, Turkey, Kozak Selda ,   Tekfen Agricultural Research Production and Marketing Inc., Adana, Turkey
Published: August 2022

Pitaya belongs to the family Cactaceae and the genus Hylocereus. It is essential todevelop tissue culture protocols according to the appropriate variety to spread pitayacommercial production and ensure healthy sapling production. This study aimed todetermine the best plant growth regulators (PGRs) in the micropropagation process,and their effects on different pitaya cultivars were evaluated. Shoots of different pitayacultivars were cultured in Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplementedwith Indole-3-butyric (IBA), 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP), and gibberellic acid(GA3). The highest micropropagation coefficient was determined in Physical Graffitivariety cultured in MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/L BAP. The general evaluation based on the variety determined that the best micropropagation was in the RoyalRed variety. In in vitro rooting studies, the best rooting variety was Royal Red(54.47%), followed by Siam Red (50.33%), Physical Graffiti (47.75%), and SeoulKitchen (44.82%). It was determined that the Royal Red variety is grown in R2 (MSmedium supplemented with 1 mg/l IBA) medium gave the best results in all criteriaof shoot length (4.28 cm), root length (6.45 cm), and root formation on the face(74.48%). It was envisioned that these differences between the micropropagation,growth, and rooting of the cultivars used in the studies resulted from the cultivar characteristics.Keywords: Pitaya, In vitro, Micropropagation, Royal Red, Seoul Kitchen, Siam Red,Physical Graffiti
Vitamin D Profile and Disease Activity of JIA During Pandemic Covid-19
Authors:   Pediatric Departement, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya/ dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Indonesia, Wulandari Desy , Barlianto Wisnu ,   Pediatric Departement, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya/ dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Indonesia, Sari Tita ,   Pediatric Departement, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya/ dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Indonesia
Published: August 2022

Vitamin D (25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3]) has an important role in the immune system. This study aimed to assess the relationship between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 and disease activity in Indonesian children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) during pandemic Covid-19. A 12-week randomized control trial was undertaken at Saiful Anwar Hospital between June and September 2021. JIA patients are divided into two groups. The control group (CG), without supplementation, and the treatment group (TG) got a high dose of oral cholecalciferol 2000 IU/day. Serum levels of 25(OH)D3 were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Comparison between serum 25(OH)D3 levels and JIA subtypes, peripheral blood Creactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS-27 Score) were analyzed using SPSS. There was a significant increase in serum 25(OH)D3 levels in treatment group (mean: 27.38 ± 6.39 ng/ml vs 42.26 ± 10.95 ng/ml; P=0.000). The JADAS-27 score significantly decrease in treatment group (14.60 ± 4.04 vs 6.24 ± 1.96; p= 0.000). Serum 25(OH)D3 showed a significant correlation with the JADAS-27 score. The levels of 25(OH)D3 are significantly decreased in children with JIA. Decreased 25(OH)D3 levels may be associated with the etiopathogenesis of JIA. Vitamin D levels have correlations with disease activity. Adjunctive treatment of cholecalciferol improves the disease activity in JIA patients. Keywords: Disease activity, JIA, Pandemic Covid-19, Vitamin D
Characterisation of a Bacterium from Selat Tebrau and Screening of Microbial Genomes for Dehalogenases
Authors:   university Teknologi Malaysia, Oyewusi Habeebat , Mohamed Raja ,   Department of Biosiences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia, Huyop Fahrul ,   University Teknologi Malaysia
Published: August 2022

Current study was to investigate the presence of dehalogenase in the isolated bacterium from Selat Tebrau that can grow on 2,2-dichloropropionic acid (2,2-DCP is an active compound in herbicide Dalapon®). Strain RN1, a Gram-negative and rod in shape was tentatively identified as Enterobacter cancerogenus based on basic biochemical and the 16S rRNA gene analyses. The calculated cells doubling time were 5.29 hours based on growth of the bacterium in liquid minimal media with 10, 20 and 30 mM of 2,2-DCP, respectively. However, no growth was observed at 40 mM 2,2-DCP liquid minimal medium due to increase in 2,2-DCP toxicity. It was hypothesized that, strain RN1 produced dehalogenase(s) which merits a further study of the genomic data of the same genus and species available in the database. A putative dehalogenase, designated as DehRN was located in the published data of Enterobacter cancerogenus. Pairwise of DehRN amino acids with known dehalogenase resulted in sequence identity of <20%, suggesting a new class of dehalogenase enzyme in the Enterobacter cancerogenus.Keywords: 2,2-DCP, dehalogenase, dichloropropionate, Enterobacter, haloalkanoic acid
Molecular Docking and Interaction Analysis of Propolis Compounds Against SARS-CoV-2 Receptor
Authors:   Universitas Brawijaya, Syaban Mokhamad , Faratisha Icha ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Yunita Khadijah ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Erwan Nabila ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Kurniawan Dedy ,   Universitas Brawijaya, Putra Gumilar ,   Universitas Brawijaya
Published: August 2022

Background: For many people, especially in developing countries, herbal medicine is the most traditional drug choice to treat all diseases including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2 infection). Propolis is one of the popular herbal medicine which has various health benefits, particularly antiviral activity. In this molecular docking study, this investigation examined twenty-five kinds of propolis to bind SARS-CoV-2 protein with the main targets of ACE-2 and M-Pro receptors. Method: Propolis ligands were downloaded from PubChem, meanwhile ACE-2 and M-Pro receptors were downloaded from Protein Data Bank. Both ligands and targets were optimized by Pymol. The pharmacokinetic analysis was conducted using SwissADME. Molecular docking was done using PyRx 0.9 and its binding interaction was visualized by Discovery Studio. To predict the potential inhibition, this study compared the ligand-protein complex of propolis to ligands from the previous study. Result: Through the Lipinski rule, only five of twenty-five types of propolis were not qualified for the criterion. The ability to bind protein targets were various between ligands, the highest affinity to ACE-2 receptors were abietic acid, galangin, chrysin, kaempferol and acacetin, respectively. The binding affinity between ligand and M-Pro were seen weaker than ACE-2 receptor, while the strongest were kaempferol, abietic acid, acacetin, galangin and chrysin, respectively. Conclusion: Â Kaempferol is the most potent form of propolis to bind to ACE-2 and M-Pro receptors by assessing the binding affinity and the amount of amino acid residue formation when compared to control ligands. Keywords: ACE-2 receptor, COVID-19, Main protease, Molecular docking, Propolis, SARS-CoV-2
Effect Combination of Catharanthus roseus and Phyllanthus urinaria Extract on Mice BALB/c Breast Cancer Models Based on T-regulator Cells Expression
Authors:   Biology Master Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, shofiyah Aya , Djati Moch ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia, Rifa'i Muhaimin ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya. Jl. Veteran, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia
Published: August 2022

CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ is a regulatory T cell that plays a role in the body's tolerant system to control activated effector cells. T regulatory plays an important role as a trigger for tumor progressiveness, where an increase in the amount of T regulatory FOXP3 in the tumor state correlates with a poor prognosis. Breast cancer is a type of cancer that tends to increase every year. The purpose of this study was to study the influence of a combination of Phyllanthus urinaria and Catharanthus roseus plant extracts on CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ modulation. Mice was injected subcutaneously with the carcinogen compound DMBA for six weeks at 0.015 mg/kg weight. The study design was conducted using a complete random design (RAL) which was divided into six groups namely healthy (normal) control, cancer control (DMBA injection), Cisplatin and a combination of extracts with three different doses (dose 1 (Phyllanthus urinaria 500 weight and Catharanthus roseus 75mg/kg weight) and dose 3 (Phyllanthus urinary 2000mg/kg weight and Catharanthus roseus 375mg/kg weight). The relative number of T regulatory cells is measured using flow cytometry analysis. The measurements were made using the Cell Quest ProTM program. Statistics analyze using one way ANOVA (p<0.05). Tukey HSD analysis with SPSS 26 software used to analyze real differences between treatments. A relative increase in CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ occurs in cancer control. While the decrease occurred in every treatment except in the dose group 1. The optimal dose to reduce CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ amounts significantly occurred in the dose group 3. This indicates the influence of a combination of Phyllanthus urinaria and Catharanthus roseus on CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ differentiation. Keywords: breast cancer, Catharanthus roseus, CD4+CD25+FOXP3+, Phyllanthus urinaria,
Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on the Level of 25(OH)D3, Osteocalcin, and HbA1c in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Wulandari Hajeng , Tjahjono Harjoedi ,   Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia, Widjajanto Edi ,   Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
Published: August 2022

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease caused by insulin deficiency resulting from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Increased risk of fractures and osteoporosis in T1DM is associated with reducing osteoblast proliferation, survival, and activity. Osteocalcin (OC) is a marker of late-stage osteoblast differentiation. It might be positively modulated by vitamin D. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the level of 25(OH)D3, HbA1c, and OC in children with T1DM. A randomized clinical trial was conducted to measures the levels of 25(OH)D3, HbA1c, and OC in children with T1DM supplemented with vitamin D3. Many 26 children with T1DM were equally assigned into two groups: control (standardized insulin treatment) and treatment group (standardized insulin treatment + vitamin D3 2000 IU/day). Subject characteristics showed that the subjects were predominantly female (15/26), well-nourished (19/26), the average age is 12,31 ± 3,069 year, and the dose of insulin average is 1,17 ± 0,233 IU/kg BW/day. Our data demonstrated that vitamin D3 treatment significantly increased the level of 25(OH)D3 and improved glycemic control, represented by a low HbA1c level. However, there was no significant difference in OC level in both groups (independent t-test, p > 0.05). Further analysis showed no significant relationship between the level of 25(OH)D3, HbA1c, and OC. We concluded that vitamin D3 supplementation improves children's glycemic control with T1DM, but no significant alteration on OC levels.Keywords: HbA1c, Osteocalcin, T1DM, Vitamin D
Pulmonary Blood Volume Among Older Adults in the Community: The MESA Lung Study
Authors: Hermann Emilia A. , Motahari Amin , Hoffman Eric A. , Allen Norrina , Bertoni Alain G. , Bluemke David A. , Eskandari Ali , Gerard Sarah E. , Guo Junfeng , Hiura Grant T. , Kaczka David W. , Michos Erin D. , Nagpal Prashant , Pankow Jim , Shah Sanjiv , Smith Benjamin M. , Hinckley Stukovsky Karen , Sun Yifei , Watson Karol , Barr R. Graham
Published: August 2022

Background:

The pulmonary vasculature is essential for gas exchange and impacts both pulmonary and cardiac function. However, it is difficult to assess and its characteristics in the general population are unknown. We measured pulmonary blood volume (PBV) noninvasively using contrast enhanced, dual-energy computed tomography to evaluate its relationship to age and symptoms among older adults in the community.

Methods:

The MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) is an ongoing community-based, multicenter cohort. All participants attending the most recent MESA exam were selected for contrast enhanced dual-energy computed tomography except those with estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
. PBV was calculated by material decomposition of dual-energy computed tomography images. Multivariable models included age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, height, weight, smoking status, pack-years, and scanner model.

Results:

The mean age of the 727 participants was 71 (range 59–94) years, and 55% were male. The race/ethnicity distribution was 41% White, 29% Black, 17% Hispanic, and 13% Asian. The mean±SD PBV in the youngest age quintile was 547±180 versus 433±194 mL in the oldest quintile (
P
<0.001), with an approximately linear decrement of 50 mL per 10 years of age ([95% CI, 32–67];
P
<0.001). Findings were similar with multivariable adjustment. Lower PBV was associated independently with a greater dyspnea after a 6-minute walk (
P
=0.04) and greater composite dyspnea symptom scores (
P
=0.02). Greater PBV was also associated with greater height, weight, lung volume, Hispanic race/ethnicity, and nonsmoking history.

Conclusions:

Pulmonary blood volume was substantially lower with advanced age and was associated independently with greater symptoms scores in the elderly.
What the Flip? What the P-N Flip Can Tell Us about Proactive Suppression
Authors: Tam Joyce , Callahan-Flintoft Chloe , Wyble Brad
Published: August 2022

It has been debated whether salient distractors in visual search can be proactively suppressed to completely prevent attentional capture, as the occurrence of proactive suppression implies that the initial shift of attention is not entirely driven by physical salience. While the presence of a Pd component in the EEG (associated with suppression) without a preceding N2pc component (associated with selection) has been used as evidence for proactive suppression, the link between these ERPs and the underlying mechanisms is not always clear. This is exemplified in two recent articles that observed the same waveform pattern, where an early Pd-like component flipped to a N2pc-like component, but provided vastly different interpretations (Drisdelle, B. L., & Eimer, E. PD components and distractor inhibition in visual search: New evidence for the signal suppression hypothesis. Psychophysiology, 58, e13898, 2021; Kerzel, D., & Burra, N. Capture by context elements, not attentional suppression of distractors, explains the PD with small search displays. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 32, 1170–1183, 2020). Using RAGNAROC (Wyble et al., Understanding visual attention with RAGNAROC: A Reflexive Attention Gradient through Neural AttRactOr Competition. Psychological Review, 127, 1163–1198, 2020), a computational model of reflexive attention, we successfully simulated this ERP pattern with minimal changes to its existing architecture, providing a parsimonious and mechanistic explanation for this flip in the EEG that is unique from both of the previous interpretations. Our account supports the occurrence of proactive suppression and demonstrates the benefits of incorporating computational modeling into theory building.
Beyond Drift Diffusion Models: Fitting a Broad Class of Decision and Reinforcement Learning Models with HDDM
Authors: Fengler Alexander , Bera Krishn , Pedersen Mads L. , Frank Michael J.
Published: August 2022

Computational modeling has become a central aspect of research in the cognitive neurosciences. As the field matures, it is increasingly important to move beyond standard models to quantitatively assess models with richer dynamics that may better reflect underlying cognitive and neural processes. For example, sequential sampling models (SSMs) are a general class of models of decision-making intended to capture processes jointly giving rise to RT distributions and choice data in n-alternative choice paradigms. A number of model variations are of theoretical interest, but empirical data analysis has historically been tied to a small subset for which likelihood functions are analytically tractable. Advances in methods designed for likelihood-free inference have recently made it computationally feasible to consider a much larger spectrum of SSMs. In addition, recent work has motivated the combination of SSMs with reinforcement learning models, which had historically been considered in separate literatures. Here, we provide a significant addition to the widely used HDDM Python toolbox and include a tutorial for how users can easily fit and assess a (user-extensible) wide variety of SSMs and how they can be combined with reinforcement learning models. The extension comes batteries included, including model visualization tools, posterior predictive checks, and ability to link trial-wise neural signals with model parameters via hierarchical Bayesian regression.
Eugenia reperta (Myrtaceae), a new species from Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: SOBRAL MARCOS , MAZINE FIORELLA F. , VALDEMARIN KARINNE S. , MELO EUGÊNIO A.D.
Published: August 2022

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Young people’s job-search strategies in the German apprenticeship market: Who relies on referrals by strong ties and why?
Authors: Flohr Matthias , Protsch Paula
Published: August 2022

Social capital is often regarded as an important resource when searching for a job. However, unlike in the general labor market, in youth labor markets, leveraging network contacts does not necessarily enhance young people’s chances compared to formal job-search methods. Who then uses referrals by strong ties to support their school-to-work transitions? Drawing on the German National Educational Panel Study, we focus on noncollege-bound students searching for apprenticeship places. We investigate whether parental referrals are more likely to be used as a compensation strategy for limited opportunities due to regional conditions and lower levels of schooling and whether this search strategy entails a trade-off in terms of higher dropout risks. Our results indicate that in regions with poor regional labor market conditions, young people use parental referrals more often and also increasingly find apprenticeship places via referrals. Moreover, using referrals does not result in higher dropout risks. Lower-educated school leavers are also more likely to use referrals but they do not benefit from this search channel more than higher-educated youth. We conclude that social contacts can at least partly compensate for poor opportunities due to regional market conditions.
Black Undergraduate Networking on an Urban, Historically White Campus: The Making of Social Capital
Authors: Hypolite Liane I.
Published: August 2022

Formerly preferred, but increasingly required, a college degree has become a prerequisite in a competitive job market. For Black undergraduates who continue to face systemic disparities in college completion, gaps in hiring are exacerbated by unequal access to leadership positions and professional training, such as internships, during college. Since informal connections and social networks heavily influence occupational access, this research article presents a relational, ethnographic approach to better understand the opportunities and constraints of networking for Black undergraduates in an urban campus context. This study advances prior social capital research by not only offering where networks exist but also presenting how they form and develop over time and across space. The findings show how Black students attending an urban, selective, and historically White institution (HWI) do not merely discover connections but deliberately construct them, illuminating the process through which social capital is made.
Does Political Security Matter? A Study on the Life Satisfaction of Indigenous Peoples of the Chittagong Hill Tracts
Authors: Chakma Anurug
Published: August 2022

Does political security influence the life satisfaction of indigenous peoples of Bangladesh? This study has addressed this research question using a survey dataset ( N = 384) that contains a set of variables about the political security and life satisfaction of indigenous peoples of the Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT), Bangladesh. This study offers fresh insights into how political insecurity, which has resulted from government repression and systematic violation of human rights, decreases the life satisfaction of indigenous peoples of the CHT. More precisely, indigenous peoples who feel they do not have their right to liberty, freedom of movement, freedom of speech, and the right to participation are more likely to be dissatisfied with their lives than those who report they enjoy these political rights. Overall, the findings of this research suggest that a negative relationship exists between the denial of fundamental freedoms and civil liberties and life satisfaction.
Parental Leave within the Workplace: A Re-assessment of Opposite Educational Gradients for Women and Men
Authors: Eriksson Helen , Billingsley Sunnee , Brandén Maria
Published: August 2022

Educational gradients in parental leave length are opposite for women and men: highly educated women return to work faster than those with low education while highly educated men are absent longer than less educated men. Explanations for the opposite gradients are typically made at the individual- or couple-level. To date, no quantitative study has documented whether the opposite educational gradients hold also within workplaces. In this study, we use employer–employee matched Swedish register data with fixed-effects models to examine whether the educational gradient applies also among co-workers in the same workplace. The results show that three-quarters of the educational effect typically attributed to the individual father disappeared when comparing fathers within workplaces. The educational gradient of mothers remained largely unchanged. These findings provide the first population-level evidence for the primacy of the workplace in determining fathers’ care choices.
Public Perception and Preparedness to Fight Against the Third Wave of COVID-19 in Kabul, Afghanistan
Authors: Nemat Arash , Yasmin Farah , Essar Mohammad Yasir , Raufi Nahid , Ahmad Shoaib , Asady Abdullah , Zeng Qingchun
Published: August 2022

The avalanche of Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19) cases has placed an unprecedented load on Afghanistan’s government and public health authorities, putting the country in jeopardy. The primary goal of this research was to shed light on the country’s capital, Kabul, and to examine the existing preparedness and perceptions of its population in the midst of COVID-19’s third wave, which could result in decentralization and fragmentation of the already overburdened health-care system. An online, cross-sectional survey was conducted by the lecturers of the Kabul University of Medical Sciences between April 15, 2021 and April 25, 2021, to evaluate the preparedness of the Kabul citizens amidst the third wave of COVID-19. About 1736 citizens from Kabul participated in the survey. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. All categorical variables were reported using frequencies and percentages. The findings revealed that the most common source of COVID-19-related information was social media (74.8%). In addition, 34.4% of subjects had previously been infected with COVID-19. It was reassuring to see that 78.4% of residents said they knew more about COVID-19 than they did about prior COVID-19 waves. A majority (81.5%) expressed willingness to resist the third wave, but 89.4% said that the country’s government would be unable to develop an effective COVID-19 vaccine within the next 6 months. The findings of this present study indicates that citizens of Kabul are active in obtaining accurate information and disseminating it in the community. The citizens also reported sufficient COVID-19 related knowledge; however, they were more motivated to fight against the third wave of COVID-19. In regards to vaccination, they believed that the government could not vaccinate the public anytime soon. Hence, the enactment of non-pharmaceutical measures is important in the fight against the pandemic.
Early warning of reciprocating compressor valve fault based on deep learning network and multi-source information fusion
Authors: Wang Hongyi , Chen Jiwei , Zhu Xinjun , Song Limei , Dong Feng
Published: August 2022

An early warning method of compressor valve fault based on multi-parameter signals (vibration, pressure, and temperature) is presented in this work. Due to the complexity working condition, the run data of the compressor are of problems like noise and feature aliasing, which makes it difficult to extract useful features and find out the running law from the original signals. In this work, an improved deep learning network Multi-Level Fusion long short-term memory based on Component Evaluating Empirical Mode Decomposition and Fuzzy C-Means (CEEMD-FCM & MLF-LSTM) for parameter prediction of reciprocating compressor and an information fusion strategy is proposed for compressor valve fault warning. The CEEMD-FCM & MLF-LSTM network consists of data processing block, information learning block, and prediction output block, which is mainly responsible for parameter prediction. In the data processing block, the CEEMD-FCM algorithm is used for parameter decomposition, noise removal, and fuzzy mode (FM) reconstruction, which generates the input for the information learning block to ensure the predicting accuracy and reduce model complexity. MLF-LSTM is constructed to predict the parameter in the future by learning the temporal and spatial characteristics of FMs of the run data. Then, an early warning strategy for compressor valve fault based on multi-source information fusion is developed. Experimental results have verified that the proposed CEEMD-FCM & MLF-LSTM model and early warning strategy could realize early warning of compressor valve fault effectively.