bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Capital—Can It Weaken the Influence of Abusive Supervision on Employee Behavior?
Authors: Cheng Jie , Choi Myeong-Cheol , Park Joeng-Su
Published: January 2023

The travel industry has been severely affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. The operating pressure on enterprises has sharply increased, leading to the prominent phenomenon of abusive supervision. Managers employ this management method so that employees perceive work pressure as motivation to work harder and improve their performance. Employees may adopt the behavior of defensive silence to protect themselves from abusive supervision, which can subsequently affect employee behavior. However, social capital and relationships may lessen this effect. This study analyzed survey data on 475 workers from the Chinese tourism service industry to examine the mediating role of workers’ defensive silence under abusive supervision, employee behavior, and the moderating role of social capital. The results showed that abusive supervision does not promote employee performance but hinders employee growth. Employees’ defensive silence also affects employee behavior and has a partially mediating role in the relationship between abusive supervision and employee behavior. Social capital can mitigate the negative impact of abusive supervision on employee behavior. This study theoretically expands the applicable scope of employee silence as a mediating variable and social capital as a moderating variable. It is helpful for managers to change their negative leadership style, follow the suggestions of employees, pay attention to the organizational atmosphere, and enhance their team cohesion.
The Main Decisional Factors That Influence the Decision of the Patients Suffering from Diabetes to Have Dental Implants Using New Technologies after the COVID-19 Pandemic Period
Authors: Țap Mădălin Dorel , Radu Anamaria-Cătălina , Petrescu Dodu Gheorghe , Stanciu (Neculau) Cristina , Răducu Raluca-Cristina
Published: January 2023

The problems that have arisen in recent years in Romania (the financial crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, the accelerated growth of inflation and unemployment) have led many people to give less and less importance to dental hygiene, which has led to an increase in the number of people with dental medical problems. In addition, poor information about the need for regular visits to the dentist, the low importance given to this field, and insufficient financial resources led people to turn to dental medical services less often. Moreover, the two-month closure of medical practices during the COVID-19 pandemic made individuals more reluctant to make appointments with dentists for fear of coming into contact with a person infected with the new SARS-CoV-2 virus. All this led to the occurrence of dental complications among patients, which made the number of dental implants increase. Patients suffering from diabetes mellitus present a series of particularities due to a series of risks generated by this condition that may appear in their case. The aim of this research is to identify the main factors that can influence the decision of patients with diabetes mellitus to have a dental implant. The data collection was performed with the help of a questionnaire, and the analysis of the database was performed with the help of IBM SPSS software. Following the analysis, it was noted that this decision is largely influenced by the reputation of the medical practice, the perceived risks, the quality of the materials used, the warranty of the dental implant, the quality of the services provided, and the costs.
Azulene, Reactivity, and Scientific Interest Inversely Proportional to Ring Size; Part 1: The Five-Membered Ring
Authors: Razus Alexandru C.
Published: January 2023

The lack of azulene symmetry with respect to the axis perpendicular to a molecule creates an asymmetry of the electronic system, increasing the charge density of the five-atom ring and favoring its electrophilic substitutions. The increased reactivity of this ring has contributed to ongoing interest about the syntheses in which it is involved. The aim of this review is to present briefly and mainly in the form of reaction schemes the behavior of this system. After a short chapter that includes the research until 1984, subsequent research is presented as generally accepted chapters and subchapters to describe the behavior of the azulene system: metal free catalyst reactions; reactions catalyzed by metals; various azulene five-ring substitutions. The author insists on reaction yields, and in some cases considers it useful to present the proposed reaction mechanisms.
The Genus of a Graph: A Survey
Authors: Wan Liangxia
Published: January 2023

The problem of determining the genus for a graph can be dated to the Map Color Conjecture proposed by Heawood in 1890. This was implied to be a Thread Problem by Hilbert and Cohn-Vossen. The conjecture was finally established by Ringel, Youngs, and many other mathematicians. Subsequently, the genera of some special graphs with symmetry were determined. The study of genus embeddings of graphs is closely related to other invariants of a graph. Specifically, the computational complexity is dependent on the genus of the underlying graph for certain well-known NP-hard problems. In this survey, main construction techniques and certain criteria are stated in the topic of the genus of a graph. Most graphs with a known genus are listed. A new theorem is shown that the method of joint trees of a graph is reasonable. Moreover, a formal set is introduced, and related results are obtained. Although a cubic graph of Hamilton cycle is asymmetric, it is interesting that a set of associate surfaces of all its joint trees is a formal set with symmetry.
Evaluation of Open and Distance Education Websites: A Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach
Authors: Şahin Yıldız , Kulakli Atik
Published: January 2023

Higher education institutions and organizations have new opportunities thanks to digital technologies. Universities worldwide seek to provide the most outstanding available student services, particularly those that promote student achievements in their program objectives. The World Wide Web, in particular, has advanced Internet-based information technology, dramatically impacting all types of education delivery. Therefore, it has rapidly expanded the Open and Distance Education (ODE) system. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the higher institutions’ ODE websites within 5 main criteria (Navigation, Accessibility, Design, Content Readability, and Announcements) and 20 sub-criteria. The case study has taken place in Türkiye, and the institutions available for the study were Anadolu University ODE; Ankara University ODE; Ataturk University ODE; Istanbul University ODE. This paper utilized two Multi-criteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques: Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP) and Fuzzy Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (Fuzzy WASPAS). The criteria were determined with the help of the literature, which was searched, then categorized and weighted with Fuzzy AHP. The evaluation step in the process was conducted with Fuzzy WASPAS to select the best-performed alternative ODE websites. According to research findings, Design is the essential criterion, followed by Accessibility, Content Readability, Announcement, and Navigation criteria. Our research identified and recommended the development areas for further research and proposed theoretical and practical implications as well as managerial decisions to be considered for the ODE website improvements.
A Study of the Strategic Interaction in Environmental Regulation Based on Spatial Effects
Authors: Gao Hewen , Li Fei , Zhang Jinhua , Sun Yu
Published: January 2023

The incomplete enforcement of environmental regulations in China is a serious issue in environmental protection affairs, and this paper attempts to provide a new explanation for its prevalence from the perspective of strategic interaction. Under Chinese decentralization, environmental regulations are seen by local governments as a tool to compete for scarce resources, which leads to strategic interactions between regions. Therefore, under the theoretical framework of regional policy spillovers, this paper examines the strategic interaction behavior of local governments in environmental regulation with a spatial econometric approach research methodology based on panel data of 29 Chinese provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) from 2015 to 2019, taking spatial interdependence and the strategic interaction relationship of local governments as the entry point. The study finds that the intensity of environmental regulation in a region is not only related to the characteristics of the region, but also related to the intensity of environmental regulation in competing provinces, and there is a significant strategic interaction of environmental regulation behavior between regions, which is manifested as complementary spatial strategies. If the neighboring provinces invest more in environmental regulation, the region will also strengthen its level of environmental regulation accordingly, showing the contagiousness of non-complete enforcement of environmental regulation. At the same time, the complementary strategic interaction behavior of environmental regulation between regions has weakened since 2017, which highlights the role of green environmental performance assessment. Based on this, this paper proposes to provide a policy reference to avoid the environmental regulation enforcement dilemma.
Study on the Ecotoxic Effects of Uranium and Heavy Metal Elements in Soils of a Uranium Mining Area in Northern Guangdong
Authors: Zhang Zehui , Tang Zhenping , Liu Yong , He Haiyang , Guo Zhixin , Feng Peng , Chen Liang , Sui Qinglin
Published: January 2023

To investigate the heavy metal contamination of soil in a uranium mining area in northern Guangdong, a physicochemical evaluation method was used to evaluate the contaminated soil near the pit and tailings pond of the uranium mining area, determine its heavy metal content and evaluate its ecological risk using the Nemerow integrated contamination index, ground accumulation index and potential ecological risk index. The results show that the average content of nine heavy metal elements in the soil of the uranium mining area exceeds the background value of red soil in Guangdong Province. Three pollution evaluation indices all indicate that Cd, As and U have serious pollution and high ecological risk, while the remaining elements are weakly polluted and the potential ecological risk of the six sampling sites all show very strong risk. On this basis, soil ecotoxicity was evaluated using ostracods (Cypridopsis vidua and Heterocypris sp.), Vibrio fischeri and Vicia faba L. Higher concentrations of heavy metals at individual sites (T1, T2, P2) resulted in higher mortality of ostracods, higher inhibition of Vibrio fischeri luminescence and a significant reduction in germination and pigmentation of broad beans. The results of the biotoxicity evaluation were consistent with the results of the physicochemical evaluation, allowing for a more direct and comprehensive evaluation of the ecotoxic effects of uranium and heavy metals in the mine soils.
A Machine Learning Model to Estimate Toxicokinetic Half-Lives of Per- and Polyfluoro-Alkyl Substances (PFAS) in Multiple Species
Authors: Dawson Daniel E. , Lau Christopher , Pradeep Prachi , Sayre Risa R. , Judson Richard S. , Tornero-Velez Rogelio , Wambaugh John F.
Published: January 2023

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a diverse group of man-made chemicals that are commonly found in body tissues. The toxicokinetics of most PFAS are currently uncharacterized, but long half-lives (t½) have been observed in some cases. Knowledge of chemical-specific t½ is necessary for exposure reconstruction and extrapolation from toxicological studies. We used an ensemble machine learning method, random forest, to model the existing in vivo measured t½ across four species (human, monkey, rat, mouse) and eleven PFAS. Mechanistically motivated descriptors were examined, including two types of surrogates for renal transporters: (1) physiological descriptors, including kidney geometry, for renal transporter expression and (2) structural similarity of defluorinated PFAS to endogenous chemicals for transporter affinity. We developed a classification model for t½ (Bin 1: <12 h; Bin 2: <1 week; Bin 3: <2 months; Bin 4: >2 months). The model had an accuracy of 86.1% in contrast to 32.2% for a y-randomized null model. A total of 3890 compounds were within domain of the model, and t½ was predicted using the bin medians: 4.9 h, 2.2 days, 33 days, and 3.3 years. For human t½, 56% of PFAS were classified in Bin 4, 7% were classified in Bin 3, and 37% were classified in Bin 2. This model synthesizes the limited available data to allow tentative extrapolation and prioritization.
Hepatocellular Metabolic Abnormalities Induced by Long-Term Exposure to Novel Brominated Flame Retardant, Hexabromobenzene
Authors: Shin Bohyun , Hong Se Hee , Seo Sumin , Jeong Cho Hee , Kim Jiyu , Bae Eunbin , Lee Donghee , Shin Jung Hoon , Shim Minki , Han Sang Beom , Lee Dong-Kyu
Published: January 2023

Novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) are widely used to avoid environmental accumulation concerns and because of the regulations imposed on classical BFRs. However, recent studies have not revealed the negative effects of NBFR accumulation and exposure on humans. We conducted a metabolomics study on hexabromobenzene (HBB), one of the NBFRs, to investigate its effect on hepatocytes. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry-based metabolite profiling was performed to observe metabolic perturbations by treating human livertissue-derived HepG2 cell lines with HBB for maximum 21 days. Metabolic pathway enrichment using 17 metabolite biomarkers determined via univariate and multivariate statistical analysis verified that long-term accumulation of HBB resulted in distinct diminution of eight amino acids and five other metabolites. Molecular docking of the biomarker-related enzymes revealed the potential molecular mechanism of hepatocellular response to HBB exposure, which disrupts the energy metabolism of hepatic cells. Collectively, this study may provide insights into the hidden toxicity of bioaccumulating HBB and unveil the risks associated with non-regulated NBFRs.
Self-Reported Assessment of the Socio-Economic Impact of Anticancer Chemotherapy-Related Neurotoxicity
Authors: Cavaletti Guido , D’Acunti Alessia , Porcu Alessandro , Masiello Gabriella , Del Campo Laura , Traclò Gianfranca , De Lorenzo Francesco , Bernasconi Davide Paolo
Published: January 2023

Chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity is a well-known complication of several very effective systemic anticancer treatments, mainly presenting as cognitive impairment (“chemo-brain”) and peripheral neuropathy. The social and economic effects of long-lasting chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity on patients’ lifestyles and their relationships are under-investigated, and their impact is, therefore, largely unknown. In this study, we used a web-based questionnaire to record the self-reported perception of chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity on cancer patients’ health status, but also on several different aspects of their daily life. From the study results, it emerged that the impact of chemotherapy-induced neurotoxicity on personal, social, and working activities is very high. A similar effect was also observed when the psychological impact is assessed. Moreover, there is evidence suggesting that the management of CIPN is suboptimal; this is partially due to a lack of effective drugs, but also of appropriate advice from healthcare providers. In conclusion, this study provides evidence for the relevance of the impact on the explored aspects of the daily life of cancer patients and spotlights the need for a larger and more structured investigation on these long-term side effects of anticancer chemotherapy.
The Impact of Metal-Based Nanoparticles Produced by Different Types of Underwater Welding on Marine Microalgae
Authors: Pikula Konstantin , Kirichenko Konstantin , Chernousov Vladimir , Parshin Sergey , Masyutin Alexander , Parshina Yulia , Pogodaev Anton , Gridasov Alexander , Tsatsakis Aristidis , Golokhvast Kirill
Published: January 2023

Underwater wet welding is commonly used in joining pipelines and in underwater construction. Harmful and hazardous compounds are added to many flux-cored wires for underwater welding and cutting, and can have a negative impact on marine life. The specific objective of this study was to evaluate the aquatic toxicity of two suspension samples obtained using welding electrode and flux-cored wire in marine microalgae Attheya ussuriensis and Porphyridium purpureum. Growth rate inhibition, cell size, and biochemical changes in microalgae were evaluated by flow cytometry. The results of the bioassay demonstrated that the suspension obtained after welding with electrode had an acute toxic impact on diatomic microalgae A. ussuriensis, and both tested suspensions revealed chronic toxicity in this microalga with a 40% growth rate inhibition after exposure to 40–50% of prepared suspensions for 7 days. Red algae P. purpureum revealed tolerance to both suspensions caused by exopolysaccharide covering, which prevents the toxic impact of metal cations such as Al, Ti, Mn, Fe, and Zn, which are considered the main toxic components of underwater welding emissions.
Contribution of Mass Spectrometry to the Advances in Risk Characterization of Marine Biotoxins: Towards the Characterization of Metabolites Implied in Human Intoxications
Authors: Estevez Pablo , Gago-Martinez Ana
Published: January 2023

A significant spread and prevalence of algal toxins and, in particular, marine biotoxins have been observed worldwide over the last decades. Marine biotoxins are natural contaminants produced during harmful algal blooms being accumulated in seafood, thus representing a threat to human health. Significant progress has been made in the last few years in the development of analytical methods able to evaluate and characterize the different toxic analogs involved in the contamination, Liquid Chromatography coupled to different detection modes, including Mass Spectrometry, the method of choice due to its potential for separation, identification, quantitation and even confirmation of the different above-mentioned analogs. Despite this, the risk characterization in humans is still limited, due to several reasons, including the lack of reference materials or even the limited access to biological samples from humans intoxicated during these toxic events and episodes, which hampered the advances in the evaluation of the metabolites responsible for the toxicity in humans. Mass Spectrometry has been proven to be a very powerful tool for confirmation, and in fact, it is playing an important role in the characterization of the new biotoxins analogs. The toxin metabolization in humans is still uncertain in most cases and needs further research in which the implementation of Mass Spectrometric methods is critical. This review is focused on compiling the most relevant information available regarding the metabolization of several marine biotoxins groups, which were identified using Mass Spectrometry after the in vitro exposition of these toxins to liver microsomes and hepatocytes. Information about the presence of metabolites in human samples, such as human urine after intoxication, which could also be used as potential biomarkers for diagnostic purposes, is also presented.
Diagnosis and Treatment Pathway of MDR/RR-TB in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Lu Jingting , Xu Yuanyuan , Li Zhipeng , Chen Xiaoxiao , Lin Haijiang , Zhao Qi
Published: January 2023

This study aims to understand MDR/RR-TB patients’ experience from seeking TB-related health care to diagnosis and treatment completion, as well as the social determinants with the waiting time for DST and treatment, pre-treatment attrition, and treatment outcome based on a retrospective cohort study. Univariate and multi-variate logistic regressions were used to analyze the associated factors. The median time of waiting time for DST and treatment was 24.00 and 30.00 days, respectively. Non-residential patients (aOR: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.14–7.70), registered before 2018 (aOR: 19.93, 95% CI: 8.99–48.51), first visited a county-level hospital (aOR: 4.65, 95% CI: 1.08–21.67), sputum smear-negative (aOR: 3.54, 95% CI: 1.28–10.16), and comorbid with pneumoconiosis (aOR: 7.10, 95% CI: 1.23–47.98) had a longer DST delay. The pre-treatment attrition was 26.9% (82/305). Elderly, non-residential patients and patients registered before 2018 were more likely to refuse MDR/RR treatment. However, in housekeeping/unemployment and farmer/fisherman, recurrent patients tended to take therapeutic measures actively. The successful treatment rate was 62.1% (105/169). Elderly, comorbidity with diabetes and sputum smear conversion time >1 month may lead to poorer outcomes. Immediate interventions should be taken to smooth diagnosis and treatment pathways and improve the social protections further so as to encourage patients to cooperate with the treatment actively.
Prevalence and Association of Trypanosomes and Sodalis glossinidius in Tsetse Flies from the Kafue National Park in Zambia
Authors: Kallu Simegnew Adugna , Ndebe Joseph , Qiu Yongjin , Nakao Ryo , Simuunza Martin C.
Published: January 2023

Tsetse flies are obligate hematophagous vectors of animal and human African trypanosomosis. They cyclically transmit pathogenic Trypanosoma species. The endosymbiont Sodalis glossinidius is suggested to play a role in facilitating the susceptibility of tsetse flies to trypanosome infections. Therefore, this study was aimed at determining the prevalence of S. glossinidius and trypanosomes circulating in tsetse flies and checking whether an association exists between trypanosomes and Sodalis infections in tsetse flies from Kafue National Park in Zambia. A total of 326 tsetse flies were sampled from the Chunga and Ngoma areas of the national park. After DNA extraction was conducted, the presence of S. glossinidius and trypanosome DNA was checked using PCR. The Chi-square test was carried out to determine whether there was an association between the presence of S. glossinidius and trypanosome infections. Out of the total tsetse flies collected, the prevalence of S. glossinidius and trypanosomes was 21.8% and 19.3%, respectively. The prevalence of S. glossinidius was 22.2% in Glossina morsitans and 19.6% in Glossina pallidipes. In relation to sampling sites, the prevalence of S. glossinidius was 26.0% in Chunga and 21.0% in Ngoma. DNA of trypanosomes was detected in 18.9% of G. morsitans and 21.4% of G. pallidipes. The prevalence of trypanosomes was 21.7% and 6.0% for Ngoma and Chunga, respectively. The prevalences of trypanosome species detected in this study were 6.4%, 4.6%, 4.0%, 3.7%, 3.1%, and 2.5% for T. vivax, T. simiae, T. congolense, T. godfreyi, T. simiae Tsavo, and T. b. brucei, respectively. Out of 63 trypanosome infected tsetse flies, 47.6% of the flies also carried S. glossinidius, and the remaining flies were devoid of S. glossinidius. A statistically significant association was found between S. glossinidius and trypanosomes (p < 0.001) infections in tsetse flies. Our findings indicated that presence of S. glossinidius increases the susceptibility of tsetse flies to trypanosome infections and S. glossinidius could be a potential candidate for symbiont-mediated vector control in these tsetse species.
Tilapia Lake Virus Vaccine Development: A Review on the Recent Advances
Authors: Kembou-Ringert Japhette E. , Steinhagen Dieter , Readman John , Daly Janet M. , Adamek Mikolaj
Published: January 2023

Tilapia tilapinevirus (or tilapia lake virus, TiLV) is a recently emerging virus associated with a novel disease affecting and decimating tilapia populations around the world. Since its initial identification, TiLV has been reported in 17 countries, often causing mortalities as high as 90% in the affected populations. To date, no therapeutics or commercial vaccines exist for TiLV disease control. Tilapia exposed to TiLV can develop protective immunity, suggesting that vaccination is achievable. Given the important role of vaccination in fish farming, several vaccine strategies are currently being explored and put forward against TiLV but, a comprehensive overview on the efficacy of these platforms is lacking. We here present these approaches in relation with previously developed fish vaccines and discuss their efficacy, vaccine administration routes, and the various factors that can impact vaccine efficacy. The overall recent advances in TiLV vaccine development show different but promising levels of protection. The field is however hampered by the lack of knowledge of the biology of TiLV, notably the function of its genes. Further research and the incorporation of several approaches including prime–boost vaccine regimens, codon optimization, or reverse vaccinology would be beneficial to increase the effectiveness of vaccines targeting TiLV and are further discussed in this review.
Postnatal Changes of Somatostatin Expression in Hippocampi of C57BL/6 Mice; Modulation of Neuroblast Differentiation in the Hippocampus
Authors: Yoo Dae Young , Kim Woosuk , Jung Hyo Young , Hwang In Koo
Published: January 2023

(1) Background: Somatostatin (SST) exhibits expressional changes in the brain during development, but its role is not still clear in brain development. (2) Methods: We investigated postnatal SST expression and its effects on hippocampal neurogenesis via administering SST subcutaneously to P7 mice for 7 days. (3) Results: In the hippocampal CA1 region, SST immunoreactivity reaches peak at P14. However, SST immunoreactivity significantly decreased at P21. In the CA2/3 region, the SST expression pattern was similar to the CA1, and SST-immunoreactive cells were most abundant at P14. In the dentate gyrus, SST-immunoreactive cells were most abundant at P7 and P14 in the polymorphic layer; as in CA1-3 regions, the immunoreactivity decreased at P21. To elucidate the role of SST in postnatal development, we administered SST subcutaneously to P7 mice for 7 days. In the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus, a significant increase was observed in immunoreactivity of doublecortin (DCX)-positive neuroblast after administration of SST.; (4) Conclusions: SST expression in the hippocampal sub-regions is transiently increased during the postnatal formation of the hippocampus and decreases after P21. In addition, SST is involved in neuroblast differentiation in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus.
Urinary 15-F2t-Isoprostane Concentrations in Dogs with Liver Disease
Authors: Phillips Robert Kyle , Steiner Jörg M. , Suchodolski Jan S. , Lidbury Jonathan A.
Published: January 2023

Isoprostanes are stable end products of lipid peroxidation that can be used as markers of oxidative stress. It was previously reported that a cohort of dogs with various liver diseases had increased urinary isoprostane concentrations compared to healthy control (HC) dogs. The aim of this study was to measure and report urinary isoprostane concentrations in dogs with different types of liver diseases. Urine was collected from 21 HC dogs and from 40 dogs with liver disease, including 25 with chronic hepatitis (CH), 7 with steroid hepatopathy (SH), and 8 with a congenital portosystemic shunt (CPSS). In this prospective, observational study, urinary 15-F2t-isoprostane (F2-IsoP) concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and normalized to urinary creatinine concentrations. Concentrations were compared between groups using a Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons tests. Significance was set at p < 0.05. The median (range) urinary F2-IsoP to creatinine ratios (ng/mg UCr) were 3.6 (2.2–12.4) for HC dogs, 5.7 (2.4–11.3) for dogs with CH, 4.8 (2.4–8.6) for dogs with SH, and 12.5 (2.9–22.9) for dogs with CPSS. CPSS dogs had significantly higher urinary F2-IsoP concentrations than HC dogs (p = 0.004), suggesting increased oxidative stress among this cohort.
Modern Imaging Techniques in the Study and Disease Diagnosis of the Mammary Glands of Animals
Authors: Barbagianni Mariana S. , Gouletsou Pagona G.
Published: January 2023

The study of the structure and function of the animals’ mammary glands is of key importance, as it reveals pathological processes at their onset, thus contributing to their immediate treatment. The most frequently studied mammary diseases are mastitis in cows and ewes and mammary tumours in dogs and cats. Various imaging techniques such as computed tomography, positron emission tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonographic techniques (Doppler, contrast-enchanced, three-dimensional and elastography) are available and can be applied in research or clinical practice in order to evaluate possible abnormalities in mammary glands, as well as to assist in the differential diagnosis. In this review, the above imaging technologies are described, and the perspectives of each method are highlighted. It is inferred that ultrasonographic modalities are the most frequently used imaging techniques for the diagnosis of clinical or subclinical mastitis and treatment guidance on a farm. In companion animals, a combination of imaging techniques should be applied for a more accurate diagnosis of mammary tumours. In any case, the confirmation of the diagnosis is provided by laboratory techniques.
Antitumor Effects of Esculetin, a Natural Coumarin Derivative, against Canine Mammary Gland Tumor Cells by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis
Authors: Choi Jawun , Yoo Min-Jae , Park Sang-Youel , Seol Jae-Won
Published: January 2023

Mammary gland tumors are the most common neoplasms in female dogs, of which 50% are malignant. Esculetin, a coumarin derivative, reportedly induces death in different types of cancer cells. In this study, we explore the anticancer effects of esculetin against CMT-U27 and CF41.mg canine mammary gland tumor cells. Esculetin significantly inhibited the viability and migration of both CMT-U27 and CF41.mg cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay revealed increased numbers of annexin-V-positive cells and DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, a cell cycle analysis demonstrated that esculetin blocked the cell progression at the G0/G1 phase and the S phase in CMT-U27 and CF41.mg cells. These results were supported by a Western blot analysis, which revealed upregulated protein expression of cleaved caspase-3, a marker of apoptosis, and downregulated cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and cyclin D1 protein, the cell cycle regulators. In conclusion, this novel study proves that esculetin exerts in vitro antitumor effects by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in canine mammary gland tumors.
Management-Associated Risk Factors for Heifer Mastitis before and after Parturition in German Dairy Herds
Authors: Rueben Philipp , Seeth Martin tho , Tellen Anne , Krömker Volker
Published: January 2023

Subclinical mastitis in heifers during early lactation affects udder health, future milk production and, therefore, the risk of premature culling. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify pre- and post-partum risk factors associated with a high heifer mastitis rate (HMR), and to find out which period (either pre- or post-partum) contains more risk factors and consequently should be the focus of mastitis control in heifers. A total of 77 herds were included in this study and the potential animal- and farm-related risk factors were recorded during a one-time farm visit. The HMR was provided by the dairy herd improvement test (DHI) as the annual average of the past 11 DHIs. For this study, data were analyzed in two models using generalized linear models. Each model examined the association between possible risk factors and HMR, one including only prepartum risk factors and the other one only post-partum risk factors. One identified pre-partum risk factor was the proportion of udder-healthy cows in the herd. Post-partum risk factors were the type of teat cleaning procedure before milking, teat disinfection, treatment of mastitis in heifers, a body condition score (BCS) of >3.0 in fresh heifers, and the combination of a teat cleaning procedure with a teat disinfectant. The results show the importance of the period shortly after calving for udder health in heifers, as four of the five significant risk factors were identified in this period and three of them were related to the milking process. However, further research with a higher number of herds is needed to minimize individual herd effects.
KEWENANGAN MENGGUGAT PEMERINTAH PUSAT UNTUK MENUNTUT GANTI KERUGIAN DAN TINDAKAN TERTENTU TERHADAP PT. WARINGIN AGRO JAYA YANG MENGAKIBATKAN KEBAKARAN HUTAN
Authors: M Josua Hari
Published: January 2023

Kewenangan menggugat Pemerintah Pusat dalam menuntut ganti kerugian dan tindakan tertentu terhadap lingkungan hidup telah diamanatkan Pasal 90 UUPPLH tentang Hak Gugat Pemerintah. Berdasarkan hal tersebut Pemerintah Pusat menggugat ganti kerugian terhadap PT. Waringin Agro Jaya(PT. WAJ) karena membuka lahan dengan cara membakar yang menimbulkan ancaman serius terhadap lingkungan dengan menggunakan pertanggungjawaban mutlak (strict liability) dan tidak lagi didasarkan pada Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan asas strict liability dalam pengaturan kewenangan menggugat Pemerintah Pusat dalam menuntut ganti kerugian terhadap kebakaran hutan yang dilakukan PT. WAJ.  Adapun spesifikasi penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif-analitis, metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif. sedangkan metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi pustaka dan dokumen yang akan dianalisis secara deskriptif- analitis yaitu studi pustaka dan dokumen. Melalui penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pandangan kepada Pemerintah dalam menjalankan fungsi pengelolaan lingkungan perlu membentuk lembaga yang bersifat mandiri yang dilengkapi dengan tanggung jawab hukum yang jelas dan diberikan kewenangan  melaksanakan pengawasan dan penegakan hukum administrasi. Hakim juga perlu memutuskan perkara harus menerapkan asas kehati-hatian yang dapat berakibat berubahnya pertanggungjawaban perdata dari PMH menjadi strict liability
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA TERHADAP PELAKU KEJAHATAN BISNIS BERKEDOK SKEMA PIRAMIDA DAN PENEGAKAN HUKUMNYA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Situmeang Sahat Maruli Tua , Amalina Ananda Putri Nur
Published: January 2023

Kejahatan merupakan fenomena sosial yang tidak akan terlepas dari dinamika kehidupan bermasyarakat. Kejahatan akan selalu ada dimana dan kapan pun tergantung pada kesempatan atau celah yang ada. Kejahatan juga akan terus ikut berkembang seiring dengan berkembangnya arus globalisasi yang seringkali membuka peluang-peluang baru untuk berbagai pihak melakukan hal-hal yang merugikan. Kejahatan dapat dilakukan oleh siapa saja yang berniat untuk melakukannya. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami bentuk dan sistem pertanggungjawaban pidana bagi pelaku praktik skema piramida dan penegakan hukumnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif yaitu penelitian yang berfokus pada kajian penerapan kaidah-kaidah dalam hukum pidana indonesia mengenai praktik skema piramida. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan sumbangan pemikiran bagi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan hukum pada umumnya dan hukum pidana pada khususnya yang berkaitan dengan kejahatan bisnis. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu, skema piramida merupakan penipuan yang seringkali berkedok sebagai bisnis Multi Level Marketing (MLM) dimana sebenarnya skema piramida tidak memperjualbelikan barang atau jasa sebagai produk seperti MLM, namun lebih bergantung kepada komisi dari perekrutan anggota baru kedalam skema. Dalam hukum positif Indonesia telah diatur larangan mengenai praktik skema piramida dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perdagangan. Namun aturan lainnya

 

juga diperlukan untuk memperjelas unsur perbuatan dan kriteria skema. Maka, pemerintah seharusnya melakukan upaya legislasi untuk mengurai kejahatan bisnis ini.
AN OVERVIEW OF THE RHEUMATOLOGY OUTPATIENT CLINIC VISITS IN THE FIRST 16 MONTHS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: SINGLE-CENTRE EXPERIENCE
Authors: KAPLAN Hüseyin , CENGİZ Gizem , ŞAŞ Senem , ŞENKÖY Emre
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to present a general picture of patients who applied to the rheumatology outpatient clinic in the first 16 months of the COVID-19pandemic. Patients who applied to the rheumatology outpatient clinic between March 2020 and August 2021 were included in the study. Patients’ clinical and demographic characteristics, the received drug treatments at their last admissions, and the outpatient clinic visits of patients within the specified 16-month period were evaluated retrospectively. A total of 869 patients were included, and their mean age was 48.51 ± 12.84 years; of these, 658 (75.71%) were female and 211 (24.29%) were male. The most common disease diagnosis was rheumatoid arthritis (29.57%). The average number of hospital visits in 2021 was significantly higher than in 2020. Also, patients who received both biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) and conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs)/immunosuppressives had a significantly higher number of admissions than those who did not (for all, p
CERRAHİ VE DAHİLİ KLİNİKLERDE ÇALIŞAN HEMŞİRELERİN PROFESYONEL DEĞERLERİ İLE HASTA GÜVENLİĞİ TUTUMLARININ İNCELENMESİ
Authors: İŞERİ Özge , SARITAŞ Hasan
Published: January 2023

Çalışmanın amacı cerrahi ve dahili kliniklerde çalışan hemşirelerin profesyonel değerleri ile hasta güvenliği tutumlarının incelenmesidir. Araştırma tanımlayıcı olarak bir karaciğer nakil enstitüsü ile Orta Karadeniz’de yer alan bir tıp fakültesi hastanesinin dahili ve cerrahi kliniklerinde çalışan 258 hemşireyle, Mayıs 2019-Şubat 2020 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler “Hemşire Tanıtım Formu”, “Hemşirelikte Profesyonel Değerler Ölçeği’’ ve “Hasta Güvenliği Tutum Ölçeği’’ ile yüz yüze olarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde frekans, aritmetik ortalama, ortanca, kruskalwallis varyans analizi, gameshowell testi, bağımsız örneklem t testi, spearman korelasyon ve çoklu regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Hemşirelerin Profesyonel Değerler (126.55±20.53) ile Hasta Güvenliği Tutumu Ölçeğinden aldıkları (158.88±27.192) toplam puanların ortalamanın üzerinde olduğu saptanmıştır. Katılımcıların Profesyonel Değerler Ölçeği ve ortalama puanları ile yaş, eğitim durumu, çalışma yılı ve klinikteki pozisyonları arasında anlamlılık bulunmuştur. Hemşirelerin Hasta Güvenliği Tutum Ölçeği ortalama puanları ile yaş ve eğitim durumu arasında istatistiksel olarak fark saptanmıştır. Ancak profesyonel değerleri sadece eğitim düzeyini yordarken, hasta güvenliği tutumunu yaş ve eğitim durumunu yordamıştır. İki ölçek arasındaki ilişkinin pozitif yönde ve anlamlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda hemşirelerin profesyonel değerleri ile hasta güvenliğine ilişkin tutumlarının ortalamanın üzerinde olduğu, bu değer ve tutumların yükseltilmesinde yaşın, eğitimin ve klinik deneyimin önemli olduğu saptanmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra hemşirelikteki profesyonel değerlerin hasta güvenliği tutumunu olumlu etkilediği sonucuna varılmıştır.
الإطار التنظيمي للسلطة الوطنية المستقلة للإنتخابات في الجزائر بين التأصيل الدستوري وتجليات التأطير القانوني -
Authors: Hachi Mohamedelamine , Bensalem Ahmed abderhmane , Chelali Reda
Published: January 2023

مسألة تأمين وضمان نزاهة وشفافية العملية الانتخابية من مختلف الشوائب التي تعكر صفوها وتزيف نتائجها، يتطلب بالدرجة الأولى تكريس وتأصيل لسلطة دستورية تتولى إدارة العملية الإنتخابية بداء من إعلان الهيئة الناخبة وإلى غاية إعلان النتائج النهائـية وكل هذا في إطار مبدأ الاستقلالية الذي يمثل العمود الفقري والدعامة الأساسية لإرساء دولة القانون.
        وهو ما تبناه المؤسس الدستوري الجزائري من خلال استحداث السلطة الوطنية الستقلة للإنتخابات لأول مرة بموجب القانون العضوي 07-19 والتي أوكل إليها السهر على العملية الإنتخابية برمتها من إشراف وتحضير وتنظيم ورقابة إلى غاية إعلان النتائج الأولية كل هذه الصلاحيات جاءت كخطوة من المشرع لتكريس وضمان المزيد من الحياد والنزاهة والشفافية على العملية الإنتخابية، تم وبموجب التعديل الدستوري تم تكريسها ضمن مؤسسات الرقابة، وتم تنظيم مختلف أحكامها القانونية في الأمر رقم 21-01 المتضمن نظام الإنتخابات.
Modernist reading of the Sunnah, presentation and criticism.
Authors: Khiyati Hanane
Published: January 2023

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الدفاع عن السنة النبوية وما تتعرض له من شبهات وتحريفات في فهمها وتفسيرها بهدف إبعادها من دائرة التأثير، تمهيدا لإقصائها جملة وتفصيلا فوجب التصدي لهم ومناقشتهم فيما ذهبوا إليه حتى لا تغتر بهم العامة ويظن الناس أن ما ذهبوا إليه صحيح ومقبول.
حِـكْمَـةُ الـنَّبِـيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَرَجَـاحَـةُ عَـقْلِـهِ (دراسةٌ مُستوحاةٌ من سُنَّته الشَّريفة وسيرته العَطِرَة)
Authors: Abdah Ibrahim Mohammed Mahmoud , Abou Awakl Abdullah Nafez, mdyrs
Published: January 2023

يهدف هذا البحث إلى إبراز صفة من صفات النبي  وشمائله الشريفة ألا وهي حكمته ورجاحة عقله، وتبصير أبناء الأمة وتوجيههم للاقتداء بحكمته ورجاحة عقله وحسن تصرفه في الأمور. كما يعتبر هذا البحث ردٌّ علمي على أعداء السنة النبوية المنتقصين من مكانتها بدعوى أنها لا تتفق مع روح العقلانية؛ وذلك بإظهار ضربٍ من رجاحة عقل صاحبها وحكمته في إدارة شؤون الحياة وحل المشاكل العويصة. وقد اتبع الباحثان المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي في اختيار وتحليل المواقف النبوية الدالة على حكمته ورجاحة عقله. واستدلا على ذلك بمواقف من السيرة النبوية المطهرة منها معالجته لمشكلة البطالة والفقر بشكل عملي، وضبط غريزة الشهوة وتهذيبها عند الشباب بطريقة نفسية، وحكمته في حلّ المشاكل الأسرية العويصة، وفي التربية والتعليم، وأخيرًا حكمته العسكرية ومعرفته بفنون الحرب والقتال.
دور الموثق في تجسيد الشكلية كآلية لضمان التصرفات العقارية	دراسة مقارنة
Authors: Dich Touria
Published: January 2023

تحظى المعاملات العقارية باهتمام بالغ من قبل التشريعات المعاصرة، نظر اللقيمة المالية والاقتصادية التي يمتاز بها العقار،كونه مصدر للثروة ومقوم فعال للاستثمار والتنمية.
ولقد سعى المشرع الجزائري على غرار نظيره المغربي، إلى إصدار ترسانة من القوانين المتتالية المنظمة للتصرفات الواردة على العقار، من خلال تفويض الموثق مهمة تجسيد الشكلية كآلية تضمن إفراغها بداية ضمن قاعدة رسمية، بالإضافة إلى ضرورة مراعاة قاعدة الشهر العيني لنفادها وترتيب أثرها العيني عليها، بغية إرساء الثقة والطمأنينة وكذا تفادي المنازعات، وبالتالي تكريس فكرة الأمن القانوني في المعاملات العقارية.
دور التحفيز سياسات في دفع عجلة الاستثمار في الجزائر
Authors: Ghessier Aicha
Published: January 2023

إن السياسة الجزائر تهيئ مناخ وبيئة استثمارية والمتمثلة في منح التسهيلات والمزايا والضمانات المتعددة لجذب الاستثمارات إليها لتشارك في عملية التنمية والاستفادة كذلك من فرص إنتقال عناصر الإنتاج من عمل ورأس مال وانتقال التكنولوجيا والمهارات الإنتاجية... آلتي تسمح بتدني تكاليف الإنتاج وتحسين نوعية المنتوجات وتنويعها، و أيضا إزالة كل القيود الإدارية والجمركية و الجبائية والمعاملات التجارية والمالية. و لتناول هذا الموضوع نطرح عدة أسئلة يمكن أن تفسر وتعطي نظرة شاملة عن الموضوع كمايلي: هل لسياسات التحفيز دور في دفع عجلة الاستثمار في الجزائر؟ لمعالجة موضوع البحث، سنعتمد على المناهج المستعملة في البحوث العلمية المهره، حيث سنعتمد على المنهج الوصفي والمنهج التحليلي ، كمفهوم الاستثمار وأنواعه ومجلاته وأهميته في التنمية الاقتصادية، وكذا تحليل ووصف تطور الاستثمارات في الجزائر والدول النامية. نحاول من خلال هذه الدراسة الوصول إلى مجموعة من الأهداف يتمثل في تشجيع رأس المال المحلي والأجنبي، للتدفق داخل السوق الجزائرية، من خلال خلق مناخ استثماري جيد يوفر الطمأنينة للمستثمر ويؤمن مخاطره، وخاصة أن انسياب الأموال من الخارج في شكل عملات أجنبية يلعب دوراً أساسياً في خفض معدلات الاقتراض الأجنبي، وبالتالي تخفيف العبء على ميزان المدفوعات. ضرورة تقديم مزيد من الحوافز السياسية لأن ما هو مقدم حاليا مازال مرتفعا مع ما هو سائد على المستوى العالمي.
أثر الدراسات البينيّة في تحليل آليات العلاقة الترابطية بين التداولية كمنهج لغوي والمناهج النقدية للنص الأدبي
Authors: Bennour Mebarek
Published: January 2023

تهدف هذه الدارسة في إمكانية توظيف التداولية كمنهجاً تحليليا نقديا للنص الأدبي يقوم إلى جانب المناهج النظرية النقدية التي تتخذ من النظريات اللسانية الحديثة منطلقاً لمرجعيتها المعرفية والإجرائية في تحليلها للنص، كما تسعى إلى الكشف وتحديد الفضاء المعرفي الذي من الممكن أن تكتسب فيه التداولية أهمية خاصة داخل لما يعرف بما (بعد- البنيوية).
إنّ التداولية وعبر الدراسات البينية تسعى بكل الطرق لضبط العملية الكلامية من حيث الفعل التواصلي الذي يتحقق في موقف سياقي وفي الفضاء الثقافي والاجتماعي الذي يشكل النص الأدبي، حيث تطوّر علم اللغة النصي معتمدا على شروط الفهم اللغوي الاجتماعي، الذي يرتكز على نظرية الفعل الكلامي، واستكشاف العلامات المنطقية الحجاجية، وعلى عنصر المقصدية والوظيفة في النصوص والخطابات، حيث أقصت الدراسات الحديثة اللسانية والنقدية السياق من دراستها لمستويات النص ووضعه بين نظرية التحليل العلمي.
المرأة بين مطرقة الإرهاب وسندان الفساد "نموذج لنساء دول شمال أفريقيا" (دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية)
Authors: Kazoos Hana Omar Mohammed
Published: January 2023

يهدف هذا البحث الى توضيح دور المرأة في مكافحتها للإرهاب بمختلف أنواعه من الإرهاب الفكري والعقائدي والديني والسياسي الذي يدعو الى التطرف وانعدام الأمن والأمان، أيضا يدور البحث في عدة مسائل متعلقة بالفساد السياسي والاقتصادي والاجتماعي داخل دول شمال إفريقيا متمثلةً في سوء استغلال الموارد والإدارات في مختلف مؤسسات الدولة و بسبب هذا الفساد برزت أدوار المرأة بدول شمال إفريقيا في الكفاح والنضال من أجل بناء قاعدة وركيزة صحيحة تبني بها أوطانها وتخلد تاريخها بشرف وعزة وكرامة لأسرتها وأبنائها وشعبها ليعيشوا في حياة ملأها الأمن والأمان والاستقرار في شتى المجالات . حيث تم الاعتماد على العينة العشوائية باستطلاع رأي من خلال الاستبانة الإلكترونية  وزعت على شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي لمعرفة إجاباتهم عن الأسئلة التي تمحورت في موضوع البحث المعنون أعلاه.
The approach of the forerunners and the later of the Twelver Imams in correcting hadiths
Authors: Badrani Hamdi bin Habib
Published: January 2023

This scientific paper presents an important issue within the framework of the research on the Twelver Imami school and its interest in the science of hadith. This issue is based mainly on the approach of the Imami sheikhs in correcting hadiths from the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, and the imams who believe in their infallibility.
 The study clarified the subtle differences between the approach of the early Imamis and their latecomers in looking at antiquities, by extrapolating the opinions and perceptions of the sheikhs of this school in this section. Through this scientific paper, the researcher not only extrapolated and analyzed the Imami texts, but tried to present an objective critical approach to the Imamiyyah approach (the Advanced and the later ones) in correcting hadiths.
A Toolkit for Detecting Fallacious Calls for Papers from Potential Predatory Journals
Authors: Dadkhah Mehdi , Raja Abdul Majed , Memon Aamir Raoof , Borchardt Glenn , Nedungadi Prema , Abu-Eteen Khaled , Raman Raghu
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Flattering emails are crucial in tempting authors to submit papers to predatory journals. Although there is ample literature regarding the questionable practices of predatory journals, the nature and detection of spam emails need more attention. Current research provides insight into fallacious calls for papers from potential predatory journals and develops a toolkit in this regard. Methods: In this study, we analyzed three datasets of calls for papers from potential predatory journals and legitimate journals using a text mining approach and R programming language. Results: Overall, most potential predatory journals use similar language and templates in their calls for papers. Importantly, these journals praise themselves in glorious terms involving positive words that may be rarely seen in emails from legitimate journals. Based on these findings, we developed a lexicon for detecting unsolicited calls for papers from potential predatory journals. Conclusion: We conclude that calls for papers from potential predatory journals and legitimate journals are different, and it can help to distinguish them. By providing an educational plan and easily usable tools, we can deal with predatory journals better than previously.