bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A TOE Approach to Establish a Green Supply Chain Adoption Decision Model in the Semiconductor Industry
Authors: Hwang Bang-Ning , Huang Chi-Yo , Wu Chih-Hsiung
Published: February 2016

The green supply chain is an innovation that extends traditional sustainability initiatives to environmental activities in the supply chain and aims to minimize a product’s environmental impact throughout its life cycle. The adoption of a green supply chain involves a complex decision-making process characterized by multiple criteria. The goal of the current study is to construct a decision framework by identifying a comprehensive set of consideration factors and their causal relationships. The consideration factors are deliberately drawn from a variety of different, yet related, theories and are grouped into an extensive Technology-Organization -Environment (TOE) framework. In accordance with the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method, the decision framework was analyzed for appropriateness through surveys of selected experts in the semiconductor industry. Because the semiconductor industry has a long history of heavy resource usage and has proven an early advocate of green supply chains, results from this study can provide insights to other firms with similar operations and aims. The contributions of this research are twofold. First, its theoretical contribution consists of integrating previously separate strands of different theories into a holistic framework and exploring the causal relationships among decision factors. Second, its practical contribution lies in its establishment of a strategic path that provides firms a set of priorities when adopting green supply chains.
Brownfield Redevelopment Evaluation Based on Fuzzy Real Options
Authors: Dai Hongjun , Sun Tao , Guo Wen
Published: February 2016

There are a great amount of brownfield in Chinese mining cities. In order to promote mining cities sustainable development, it is necessary to redevelop brownfield. There is a great deal of uncertainty in the process of brownfield redevelopment owing to the influences of pollution. Normal fuzzy numbers were used to describe the fuzziness of the expected DCF (discounted cash flow) value of brownfield redevelopment projects. In view of experts’ preferences, the weight of fuzzed estimation intervals of the expected DCF value was determined by means of the lattice closeness degree to find the volatility of the expected DCF value. Combining the results with the B-S (Black-Scholes) real option model, we built a fuzzy real option model which could be applied to the brownfield redevelopment projects. The empirical results showed that the valuation results of the fuzzy real option model, considering the experts’ risk preferences, were relatively objective and accurate.
Organocatalytic asymmetric Henry reaction of 1H-pyrrole-2,3-diones with bifunctional amine-thiourea catalysts bearing multiple hydrogen-bond donors
Authors: Zhang Ming-Liang , Yue Deng-Feng , Wang Zhen-Hua , Luo Yuan , Xu Xiao-Ying , Zhang Xiao-Mei , Yuan Wei-Cheng
Published: February 2016

For the first time, a catalytic asymmetric Henry reaction of 1H-pyrrole-2,3-diones was achieved with a chiral bifunctional amine-thiourea as a catalyst possessing multiple hydrogen-bond donors. With this developed method, a range of 3-hydroxy-3-nitromethyl-1H-pyrrol-2(3H)-ones bearing quaternary stereocenters were obtained in acceptable yield (up to 75%) and enantioselectivity (up to 73% ee).
EVOLUTION OF THE X-RAY PROPERTIES OF THE TRANSIENT MAGNETAR XTE J1810–197
Authors: Alford J. A. J. , Halpern J. P.
Published: February 2016

We report on X-ray observations of the 5.54 s transient magnetar XTE J1810–197 using the XMM-Newton and Chandra observatories, analyzing new data from 2008 through 2014, and re-analyzing data from 2003 through 2007 with the benefit of these six years of new data. From the discovery of XTE J1810–197 during its 2003 outburst to the most recent 2014 observations, its 0.3–10 keV X-ray flux has declined by a factor of about 50 from 4.1 × 10−11 to 8.1 × 10−13 erg cm−2 s−1. Its X-ray spectrum has now reached a steady state. Pulsations continue to be detected from a 0.3 keV thermal hot spot that remains on the neutron star (NS) surface. The luminosity of this hot spot exceeds XTE J1810–197’s spin-down luminosity, indicating continuing magnetar activity. We find that XTE J1810–197’s X-ray spectrum is best described by a multiple component blackbody model in which the coldest 0.14 keV component likely originates from the entire NS surface, and the thermal hot-spot is, at different epochs, well described by an either one- or two-component blackbody model. A 1.2 keV absorption line, possibly due to resonant proton scattering, is detected at all epochs. The X-ray flux of the hot spot decreased by

between 2008 and 2009 March, the same period during which XTE J1810–197 became radio quiet.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXPLOSIONS IN AXISYMMETRIC AB INITIO CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA SIMULATIONS OF 12–25
STARS
Authors: Bruenn Stephen W. , Lentz Eric J. , Hix W. Raphael , Mezzacappa Anthony , Harris J. Austin , Messer O. E. Bronson , Endeve Eirik , Blondin John M. , Chertkow Merek Austin , Lingerfelt Eric J. , Marronetti Pedro , Yakunin Konstantin N.
Published: February 2016

We present four ab initio axisymmetric core-collapse supernova simulations initiated from 12, 15, 20, and 25

zero-age main sequence progenitors. All of the simulations yield explosions and have been evolved for at least 1.2 s after core bounce and 1 s after material first becomes unbound. These simulations were computed with our Chimera code employing RbR spectral neutrino transport, special and general relativistic transport effects, and state-of-the-art neutrino interactions. Continuing the evolution beyond 1 s after core bounce allows the explosions to develop more fully and the processes involved in powering the explosions to become more clearly evident. We compute explosion energy estimates, including the negative gravitational binding energy of the stellar envelope outside the expanding shock, of 0.34, 0.88, 0.38, and 0.70 Bethe (B ≡ 

erg) and increasing at 0.03, 0.15, 0.19, and 0.52

, respectively, for the 12, 15, 20, and 25

models at the endpoint of this report. We examine the growth of the explosion energy in our models through detailed analyses of the energy sources and flows. We discuss how the explosion energies may be subject to stochastic variations as exemplfied by the effect of the explosion geometry of the 20

model in reducing its explosion energy. We compute the proto-neutron star masses and kick velocities. We compare our results for the explosion energies and ejected

masses against some observational standards despite the large error bars in both models and observations.
s-PROCESSING IN AGB STARS REVISITED. II. ENHANCED 13C PRODUCTION THROUGH MHD-INDUCED MIXING
Authors: Trippella O. , Busso M. , Palmerini S. , Maiorca E. , Nucci M. C.
Published: February 2016

Slow neutron captures are responsible for the production of about 50% of elements heavier than iron, mainly occurring during the asymptotic giant branch phase of low-mass stars (1 ≲ M/M
⊙ ≲ 3), where the main neutron source is the 13C(α, n)16O reaction. This last reaction is activated from locally produced 13C, formed by partial mixing of hydrogen into the He-rich layers. We present here the first attempt to describe a physical mechanism for the formation of the 13C reservoir, studying the mass circulation induced by magnetic buoyancy without adding new free parameters to those already involved in stellar modeling. Our approach represents the application to the stellar layers relevant for s-processing of recent exact analytical 2D and 3D models for magneto-hydrodynamic processes at the base of convective envelopes in evolved stars in order to promote downflows of envelope material for mass conservation during the occurrence of a dredge-up phenomenon. We find that the proton penetration is characterized by small concentrations, but is extended over a large fractional mass of the He-layers, thus producing 13C reservoirs of several 10−3
M
⊙. The ensuing 13C-enriched zone has an almost flat profile, while only a limited production of 14N occurs. In order to verify the effects of our new findings we show how the abundances of the main s-component nuclei can be accounted for in solar proportions and how our large 13C-reservoir allows us to solve a few so far unexplained features in the abundance distribution of post-AGB objects.
SIMULATIONS OF THE KELVIN–HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY DRIVEN BY CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS IN THE TURBULENT CORONA
Authors: Gómez Daniel O. , DeLuca Edward E. , Mininni Pablo D.
Published: February 2016

Recent high-resolution Atmospheric Imaging Assembly/Solar Dynamics Observatory images show evidence of the development of the Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) instability, as coronal mass ejections (CMEs) expand in the ambient corona. A large-scale magnetic field mostly tangential to the interface is inferred, both on the CME and on the background sides. However, the magnetic field component along the shear flow is not strong enough to quench the instability. There is also observational evidence that the ambient corona is in a turbulent regime, and therefore the criteria for the development of the instability are a priori expected to differ from the laminar case. To study the evolution of the KH instability with a turbulent background, we perform three-dimensional simulations of the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations. The instability is driven by a velocity profile tangential to the CME–corona interface, which we simulate through a hyperbolic tangent profile. The turbulent background is generated by the application of a stationary stirring force. We compute the instability growth rate for different values of the turbulence intensity, and find that the role of turbulence is to attenuate the growth. The fact that KH instability is observed sets an upper limit on the correlation length of the coronal background turbulence.
DYNAMICS OF CORONAL RAIN AND DESCENDING PLASMA BLOBS IN SOLAR PROMINENCES. II. PARTIALLY IONIZED CASE
Authors: Oliver R. , Soler R. , Terradas J. , Zaqarashvili T. V.
Published: February 2016

Coronal rain clumps and prominence knots are dense condensations with chromospheric to transition region temperatures that fall down in the much hotter corona. Their typical speeds are in the range 30–150 km s−1 and of the order of 10–30 km s−1, respectively, i.e., they are considerably smaller than free-fall velocities. These cold blobs contain a mixture of ionized and neutral material that must be dynamically coupled in order to fall together, as observed. We investigate this coupling by means of hydrodynamic simulations in which the coupling arises from the friction between ions and neutrals. The numerical simulations presented here are an extension of those of Oliver et al. to the partially ionized case. We find that, although the relative drift speed between the two species is smaller than 1 m s−1 at the blob center, it is sufficient to produce the forces required to strongly couple charged particles and neutrals. The ionization degree has no discernible effect on the main results of our previous work for a fully ionized plasma: the condensation has an initial acceleration phase followed by a period with roughly constant velocity, and, in addition, the maximum descending speed is clearly correlated with the ratio of initial blob to environment density.
CAN LARGE TIME DELAYS OBSERVED IN LIGHT CURVES OF CORONAL LOOPS BE EXPLAINED IN IMPULSIVE HEATING?
Authors: Lionello Roberto , Alexander Caroline E. , Winebarger Amy R. , Linker Jon A. , Mikić Zoran
Published: February 2016

The light curves of solar coronal loops often peak first in channels associated with higher temperatures and then in those associated with lower temperatures. The delay times between the different narrowband EUV channels have been measured for many individual loops and recently for every pixel of an active region observation. The time delays between channels for an active region exhibit a wide range of values. The maximum time delay in each channel pair can be quite large, i.e., >5000 s. These large time delays make-up 3%–26% (depending on the channel pair) of the pixels where a trustworthy, positive time delay is measured. It has been suggested that these time delays can be explained by simple impulsive heating, i.e., a short burst of energy that heats the plasma to a high temperature, after which the plasma is allowed to cool through radiation and conduction back to its original state. In this paper, we investigate whether the largest observed time delays can be explained by this hypothesis by simulating a series of coronal loops with different heating rates, loop lengths, abundances, and geometries to determine the range of expected time delays between a set of four EUV channels. We find that impulsive heating cannot address the largest time delays observed in two of the channel pairs and that the majority of the large time delays can only be explained by long, expanding loops with photospheric abundances. Additional observations may rule out these simulations as an explanation for the long time delays. We suggest that either the time delays found in this manner may not be representative of real loop evolution, or that the impulsive heating and cooling scenario may be too simple to explain the observations, and other potential heating scenarios must be explored.
ON GALACTIC DENSITY MODELING IN THE PRESENCE OF DUST EXTINCTION
Authors: Bovy Jo , Rix Hans-Walter , Green Gregory M. , Schlafly Edward F. , Finkbeiner Douglas P.
Published: February 2016

Inferences about the spatial density or phase-space structure of stellar populations in the Milky Way require a precise determination of the effective survey volume. The volume observed by surveys such as Gaia or near-infrared spectroscopic surveys, which have good coverage of the Galactic midplane region, is highly complex because of the abundant small-scale structure in the three-dimensional interstellar dust extinction. We introduce a novel framework for analyzing the importance of small-scale structure in the extinction. This formalism demonstrates that the spatially complex effect of extinction on the selection function of a pencil-beam or contiguous sky survey is equivalent to a low-pass filtering of the extinction-affected selection function with the smooth density field. We find that the angular resolution of current 3D extinction maps is sufficient for analyzing Gaia sub-samples of millions of stars. However, the current distance resolution is inadequate and needs to be improved by an order of magnitude, especially in the inner Galaxy. We also present a practical and efficient method for properly taking the effect of extinction into account in analyses of Galactic structure through an effective selection function. We illustrate its use with the selection function of red-clump stars in APOGEE using and comparing a variety of current 3D extinction maps.
PROBING THE OUTSKIRTS OF THE EARLY-STAGE GALAXY CLUSTER MERGER A1750
Authors: Bulbul Esra , Randall Scott W. , Bayliss Matthew , Miller Eric , Andrade-Santos Felipe , Johnson Ryan , Bautz Mark , Blanton Elizabeth L. , Forman William R. , Jones Christine , Paterno-Mahler Rachel , Murray Stephen S. , Sarazin Craig L. , Smith Randall K. , Ezer Cemile
Published: February 2016

We present results from recent Suzaku and Chandra X-ray and Multiple Mirrior Telescope optical observations of the strongly merging “double cluster” A1750 out to its virial radius, both along and perpendicular to a putative large-scale structure filament. Some previous studies of individual clusters have found evidence for ICM entropy profiles that flatten at large cluster radii, as compared with the self-similar prediction based on purely gravitational models of hierarchical cluster formation, and gas fractions that rise above the mean cosmic value. Weakening accretion shocks and the presence of unresolved cool gas clumps, both of which are expected to correlate with large-scale structure filaments, have been invoked to explain these results. In the outskirts of A1750, we find entropy profiles that are consistent with self-similar expectations, and gas fractions that are consistent with the mean cosmic value, both along and perpendicular to the putative large-scale filament. Thus, we find no evidence for gas clumping in the outskirts of A1750, in either direction. This may indicate that gas clumping is less common in lower temperature (kT ≈ 4 keV), less massive systems, consistent with some (but not all) previous studies of low-mass clusters and groups. Cluster mass may, therefore, play a more important role in gas clumping than dynamical state. Finally, we find evidence for diffuse, cool (<1 keV) gas at large cluster radii (R
200) along the filament, which is consistent with the expected properties of the denser, hotter phase of the warm–hot intergalactic medium.
QUANTIFYING DISCORDANCE IN THE 2015 PLANCK CMB SPECTRUM
Authors: Addison G. E. , Huang Y. , Watts D. J. , Bennett C. L. , Halpern M. , Hinshaw G. , Weiland J. L.
Published: February 2016

We examine the internal consistency of the Planck 2015 cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropy power spectrum. We show that tension exists between cosmological constant cold dark matter (

) model parameters inferred from multipoles

(roughly those accessible to Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe), and from

, particularly the CDM density,

, which is discrepant at

for a Planck -motivated prior on the optical depth,

. We find some parameter tensions to be larger than previously reported because of inaccuracy in the code used by the Planck Collaboration to generate model spectra. The Planck

constraints are also in tension with low-redshift data sets, including Planck ’s own measurement of the CMB lensing power spectrum (

), and the most precise baryon acoustic oscillation scale determination (

). The Hubble constant predicted by Planck from

,

km s

Mpc−1, disagrees with the most precise local distance ladder measurement of

km s

Mpc−1 at the

level, while the Planck value from

,

km s

Mpc−1, is consistent within

. A discrepancy between the Planck and South Pole Telescope high-multipole CMB spectra disfavors interpreting these tensions as evidence for new physics. We conclude that the parameters from the Planck high-multipole spectrum probably differ from the underlying values due to either an unlikely statistical fluctuation or unaccounted-for systematics persisting in the Planck data.
RADIATION PRESSURE ON FLUFFY SUBMICRON-SIZED GRAINS
Authors: Silsbee Kedron , Draine Bruce T.
Published: February 2016

We investigate the claim that the ratio β of radiation pressure force to gravitational force on a dust grain in our solar system can substantially exceed unity for some grain sizes, provided that grain porosity is high enough. For model grains consisting of random aggregates of silicate spherules, we find that the maximum value of β is almost independent of grain porosity, but for small (

) grains, β actually decreases with increasing porosity. We also investigate the effect of metallic iron and amorphous carbon inclusions in the dust grains and find that while these inclusions do increase the radiation pressure cross-section, β remains below unity for grains with 3 pg of silicate material. These results affect the interpretation of the grain trajectories estimated from the Stardust mission, which were modeled assuming β values exceeding one. We find that radiation pressure effects are not large enough for particles Orion and Hylabrook captured by Stardust to be of interstellar origin given their reported impact velocities. We also consider the effects of solar radiation on transverse velocities and grain spin, and show that radiation pressure introduces both transverse velocities and equatorial spin velocities of several hundred meters per second for incoming interstellar grains at 2 au. These transverse velocities are not important for modeling trajectories, but such spin rates may result in centrifugal disruption of aggregates.
PLASMA EFFECTS ON EXTRAGALACTIC ULTRAHIGH-ENERGY COSMIC-RAY HADRON BEAMS IN COSMIC VOIDS. II. KINETIC INSTABILITY OF PARALLEL ELECTROSTATIC WAVES
Authors: Krakau S. , Schlickeiser R.
Published: February 2016

The linear instability of an ultrarelativistic hadron beam in the unmagnetized intergalactic medium (IGM) is investigated with respect to the excitation of parallel electrostatic and electromagnetic fluctuations. This analysis is important for the propagation of extragalactic ultrarelativistic cosmic rays from their distant sources to Earth. As opposed to the previous paper, we calculate the minimum instability growth time for Lorentz-distributed cosmic rays which traverse the hot IGM. The growth times are orders of magnitude higher than the cosmic-ray propagation time in the IGM. Since the backreaction of the generated plasma fluctuations (plateauing) lasts longer than the propagation time, the cosmic-ray hadron beam can propagate to the Earth without losing a significant amount of energy to electrostatic turbulence.
Traumatismes, lien social et éthique
Authors: Briole Guy
Published: February 2016

La réflexion éthique est ce qui porte l’homme, au-delà de la morale dont elle se différencie, vers ce qui guide les actes de sa vie. Les pratiques de l’urgence ne s’en exceptent pas. L’éthique ne peut être, en aucun cas, la justification du renoncement à l’action. Au contraire, elle relève de la responsabilité en acte.
Mots pour maux
Authors: Grillo Éric
Published: February 2016

On s’intéresse ici à l’humanitaire en tant que formation discursive, fort du constat que le discours humanitaire occupe une place centrale dans la nouvelle configuration idéologique contemporaine puisque c’est désormais dans le « langage » et la « dramaturgie » de l’humanitaire que tendent à se (re)formuler les « grandes questions » socio-politiques de notre temps : l’asile, l’accueil des migrants, la question des réfugiés, la pauvreté, la précarité, l’assistance aux populations les plus vulnérables, les relations Nord-Sud, etc. Adoptant une perspective résolument pragmatique, on tente de comprendre pourquoi c’est précisément dans ce langage-là que se formule l’idéologie de notre temps. On avance l’hypothèse que c’est en vertu de son potentiel rhétorique que le « langage » de l’humanitaire devient idéologiquement opératoire : en se déployant dans la forme d’une rhétorique de la souffrance, le « langage » de l’humanitaire construit une vision du monde capable d’endosser les trois fonctions (d’intégration, de légitimation, de distorsion) qu’assume traditionnellement une formation idéologique.
L’hallucination chez l’enfant
Authors: Gutermann-Jacquet Deborah
Published: February 2016

L’hallucination chez l’enfant se présente majoritairement sous la forme de l’injure. Elle pousse au passage à l’acte, parfois violent, et laisse l’enfant perplexe. Cet article, propose d’explorer comment l’hallucination traite un débordement de jouissance dans le corps et, à partir de deux vignettes cliniques, comment l’approche psychanalytique opère pour traiter ce phénomène.
Recherche en psychanalyse
Authors: Fonteles Camila , Coutinho Denise
Published: February 2016

Cet article a pour objectif de discuter la relation entre la psychanalyse, la recherche et l'université dans le contexte brésilien, à partir d'un examen des thèses en psychanalyse. L'accroissement significatif des productions académiques en psychanalyse peut être mesuré par les 1075 thèses qui s'intéressent à la psychanalyse. Ces dernières ont été produites dans les domaines les plus divers, comme l'éducation, la littérature, la philosophie, outre la psychologie, à laquelle la psychanalyse reste très liée. Il semble donc qu'il y ait une interdisciplinarité intrinsèque de la psychanalyse, dont l'articulation avec divers domaines est favorisée par son objet, sa méthode et ses fondements théoriques.
Internal Compression Screw Exchange for Reduction of Distal Tibiofibular Syndesmotic Injuries
Authors: Shur Vladimir B. , Georgiev Krum G. , Richards Jonathan J.
Published: February 2016

Traumatic injuries to the distal tibiofibular syndesmosis often accompany ankle fractures. Repair of the syndesmosis is critical for the normal function of the ankle joint. Conventional reduction of the diastasis is achieved with the use of a periarticular reduction clamp. The authors describe an alternative method for reduction of the syndesmosis using a screw exchange technique. This proposed procedure has the prospective of avoiding the multiple potential drawbacks to the use of a reduction clamp. [
Orthopedics.
2016; 39(2):e377–e379.]
Intraoperative Distal Femoral Fine Wire Traction to Facilitate Intramedullary Nailing of the Femur
Authors: Githens Michael , Alton Timothy B. , Firoozabadi Reza , Bishop Julius A.
Published: February 2016

Many techniques have been employed to facilitate intramedullary nailing of femur fractures. Maintaining limb length during the operation can be difficult. The authors describe the use of distal femoral fine wire skeletal traction as a technique to maintain reduction while allowing intramedullary nailing of femur fractures. This technique is safe, is effective, and negates the need for a fracture table or an assistant. [
Orthopedics.
2016; 39(2):e380–e385.]
Database of Bird Flight Initiation Distances to Assist in Estimating Effects from Human Disturbance and Delineating Buffer Areas
Authors: Livezey Kent B. , Fernández-Juricic Esteban , Blumstein Daniel T.
Published: February 2016

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service biologists determine effects from disturbance to threatened and endangered bird species, and staffs of federal and state agencies estimate these effects when delineating protective buffers around habitat of bird species of concern on land management areas. These efforts can be informed by the distances at which human activities cause birds to react or move away. To that end, here we present a database of published alert distances (distances at which birds exposed to an approaching human activity exhibit alert behavior), flight initiation distances (distances at which birds exposed to an approaching human activity initiate escape behavior), and minimum approach distances (distances at which humans should be separated from wildlife). The database distinguishes between nesting and nonnesting situations. The nesting database includes 578 alert distances and 2,177 flight initiation distances from 45 studies representing 11 orders, 27 families, and 49 species of birds. The nonnesting database comprises 1,419 alert distances and 34,775 flight initiation distances from 50 studies representing 19 orders, 89 families, and 650 species.
L’odyssée africaine d’un cordophone rudimentaire, le « luth à pique intérieure »
Authors: Baroin Catherine
Published: February 2016

Le « luth à pique intérieure », selon la typologie communément admise, se définit par le montage de son manche. Au lieu de traverser la caisse de part en part, celui-ci s’arrête au niveau d’un orifice percé dans la peau tendue sur la caisse. Les cordes passent par cet orifice et sont fixées à l’autre extrémité du manche au moyen de lanières. Des données et des hypothèses sont présentées sur l’origine probablement très ancienne de ce luth. Selon la forme du chevalet, en éventail ou cylindrique, il se répartit en deux catégories dont la distribution géographique actuelle en Afrique est différente. L’examen de ces deux catégories ouvre le champ à de nouvelles hypothèses sur la diffusion de ces instruments, par comparaison avec la harpe et la lyre.
A Black-Box Model for Estimation of the Induction Machine Parameters Based on Stochastic Algorithms
Authors: Maitre Julien , Gaboury Sébastien , Bouchard Bruno , Bouzouane Abdenour
Published: February 2016

Knowledge on asynchronous machine parameters (resistances, inductances…) has become necessary for the manufacturing industry in the interest of optimizing performances in a production system (roll-to-roll processing, wind generator…). Indeed, accurate values of this machine allow improving control of the torque, speed and position, managing power consumption in the best way possible, and predicting induction machine failures with great effectiveness. In these regards, the authors of this paper propose a black-box modeling for a powerful identification of asynchronous machine parameters relying on stochastic research algorithms. The algorithms used for the estimation process are a single objective genetic algorithm, the well-known NSGA II and the new ?-NSGA III (multi-objective genetic algorithms). Results provided by those show that the best estimation of asynchronous machines parameters is given by ?-NSGA III. In addition, this outcome is confirmed by performing the identification process on three different induction machines.
The Thermal Analysis Data of the Hydrolysates of the Film-Forming Solutions, Containing Tetraethoxysilane and Mn2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+
Authors: Brichkov Anton , Brichkova Viktoriya , Egorova Lidia , Malchik Aleksandra , Kozik Vladimir
Published: February 2016

The paper considers the formation of silicon oxides and d-metals using differential-scanning calorimetry data of the film-forming solutions hydrolysates containing tetraethoxysilane and d-metal salts. The major stages of double oxides SiO2-MxOy (where M – Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) formation, and behavior of the systems upon the application of heat are analyzed. Thermal treatment intervals which display the difference of the systems behavior depending on the metal nature were determined.
Study of Plastic Flow of Aluminum Alloy Using Digital Speckle Photography
Authors: Bochkareva Anna V. , Lunev Aleksey G. , Barannikova Svetlana A. , Zuev Lev
Published: February 2016

The effect of hydrogen embrittlement on the localized plastic deformation of aluminum alloy D1 was investigated. The studies were performed for the test samples of aluminum alloy subjected to electrolytic hydrogenation. It is found that the mechanical properties and localized plastic deformation parameters of aluminum alloy are affected adversely by hydrogen embrittlement. The hydrogenated counterpart of alloy has a lower degree of ductility relative to the original alloy; however, the plastic flow behavior of material remains virtually unaffected. The deformation diagrams were examined for the deformed samples of aluminum alloy. These are found to show all the plastic flow stages: the linear, parabolic and pre-failure stages would occur for the respective values of the exponent n from the Ludwik-Holomon equation. Using digital speckle image technique, the local strain patterns were being registered for the original alloy D1 and the counterpart subjected to electrolytic hydrogenation for 100 h.
Obtaining Heat-Resistant Materials with the Use of Silica Nanoparticles
Authors: Vlasov Viktor A. , Kosmachev Pavel V. , Skripnikova Nelli K. , Otmahov Vladimir , Bezukhov Konstantin
Published: February 2016

Heat-resistant materials are commonly used in industry where technological processes require high temperatures. The research represents possibility to obtain Al2O3–SiO2–ZrO2 based composition from local raw like zirconium silicate of Tugansk deposit of Tomsk region and white clay of Kailinsk deposit of Kemerovo region in Russia. There is possible application in gunning-mass form for restoration industrial thermal units. X-ray Diffraction Analysis demonstrates that mullite and zirconium compounds are formed in samples content after firing. The infra-red spectrums of heat-resistant gunning masses samples have been described by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy method. The thermal analysis has been performed using Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Derivative Thermogravimetry.
Titanium and Zirconium Base Alloys in Ultra-Fine Grain State: Mechanical Stability and Failure Behavior
Authors: Danilov Vladimir , Eroshenko Anna , Sharkeev Yuri P. , Orlova Dina , Zuev Lev
Published: February 2016

The method of grain refinement is described which is used to obtain titanium and zirconium base alloys in an ultra-fine grain state. The method involves abc-press forging and subsequent multiple-pass die rolling. It is shown that annealing performed at temperatures below the recrystallization threshold would cause formation of a stable nanostructure. The characteristics of such nanostructure would remain unaffected even at high plastic deformation levels until the fracture of the object made from this material. Both alloys having nanostructure are suitable for medical applications.
Microstructure of Fixed Butt Joints Formed by Friction Stir Welding on 2024T3 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: Eliseev Alexander A. , Kalashnikova Tatiana , Tarasov Sergei Yu. , Rubtsov Valery E. , Fortuna Sergey , Kolubaev Evgeny A.
Published: February 2016

Friction stir welded butt joints on 2024T3 alloy have been obtained using two different process regimes. The microstructures of all the weld joint zones have been examined and such structural parameters as grain size, particle size and volume content of particles have been determined in order to find correlations with the microhardness of the corresponding zones.
Investigation of the Morphological, Atomic and Electronic Structural Changes CuOx Nanoparticles and CNT in a Nanocomposite CuOx/CNT: SEM and X-Ray Spectroscopic Studies
Authors: Shmatko Valentina , Yalovega Galina , Ulyankina Anna , Kuriganova Alexanra , Bogoslavskaja Elena , Smirnova Nina
Published: February 2016

Morphology, atomic and electronic structure of CuOx/CNT nanocomposite synthesized by electrochemical method were investigated using methods scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XANES and NEXAFS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It has been shown that by the formation of a nanocomposite changes in morphology, oxidation state and phase composition of CuOx nanoparticles in comparison with the initial particles were observed. The initial oxidation of carbon nanotube (CNT) surface leads to reduction ability of the formation of chemical bonds between the nanoparticles and tubes.
Metallurgical Slag-Based Concrete Materials Produced by Vortex Electromagnetic Activation
Authors: Mazov Ilya , Khaydarov Bekzod , Yudintseva Tamara , Suvorov Dmitrii , Kolesnikov Evgeny , Saltykova Yana , Mamulat Stanislav , Kuznetsov Denis V.
Published: February 2016

The article presents the results of utilization of blast furnace slags as a source for preparation of clinker-free cement materials for road and civil construction. Simple and high-yield approach for mechanical activation of metallurgical slag with cheap chemical modifiers using Vortex Electromagnetic Activation (VEA) technique was demonstrated to produce cement with high mechanical properties. Such approach may be used for effective and low-energy utilization of industrial scale-produced slags in concrete materials.
This paper describes simple high-yield approach to produce clinker-free cement materials based on blast furnace slag (BFS) using new type of Vortex Electromagnetic Activation apparatus and cheap chemical modifiers, such as fly ash and sodium hydroxide. Using of such approach allowed us to produce clinker-free cement materials with compressive strength almost 2 times higher as compared with pure Portland Cement materials.
Spectral-Luminescence Properties of Water Dispersions of CdS and Ag Nanoparticles Stabilized with Na2SiO3
Authors: Biryukov Alexander A. , Gotovtseva Ekaterina , Svetlichnyi Valery
Published: February 2016

It was shown, that using of sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3) as stabilizing agent for CdS quantum dots or Ag nanoparticles in water leads to the formation of stable colloids of CdS/SiO32- and Ag/SiO32- particles. These colloids are active in the visible range of the spectrum. According to TEM and UV-visible spectroscopy data, an average size of the particles in colloids was ∼ 5 nm for CdS and 2-10 nm for Ag. Ag/SiO32- water colloids showed an absorption band with a maximum at 380-410 nm. This band belonged to surface plasmon resonance. CdS/SiO32- water dispersions were characterized by luminescence at the region of 500-800 nm. The luminescence intensity increased after addition of Ag+ into the colloids of CdS/SiO32-.
Study of Adsorption Doxorubicin by Iron-Carbon Composite Powders
Authors: Yurmazova Tatyana , Ivanova Victoria , Buldakov Mihail , Galanov Sergey
Published: February 2016

Method of electric-spark dispersion of iron particles in water, ethyl alcohol, phosphoric acid solution and hexane has been applied to produce composite magnetic nanosized powders. Their phase composition, dispersity, magnetic susceptibility, and adsorption-desorption properties towards anti-tumor remedy doxorubicin have been studied. It is shown that the obtained powder in hexane has the highest adsorption capacity towards doxorubicin. This is probably the evidence of surface compound formation. It is durable adsorption complex, which is formed from carbonyl and amine groups of organic cations and vacant orbitals of iron d-sublevel. The powder, obtained in hexane, can be dissolved in human blood plasma and amino acid solutions: possible time of iron elimination from human organism is smaller than 10 days. It is shown possibility of application iron-carbon sorbent is in quality of magnetic carrier doxorubicin to cancer cells.
Effect of Humidity on Characteristics of Hydrogen Sensors Based on Nanocrystalline SnO2 Thin Films with Various Catalysts
Authors: Gaman Vasiliy I. , Maksimova Nadezhda K. , Almaev Aleksey V. , Sergeychenko Nadezda V.
Published: February 2016

The influence of humidity on the electrical and gas-sensitive characteristics of H2 sensors based on thin films SnO2 with deposited Pt/Pd disperse layers (Pt/Pd/SnO2:Sb) and with the additions of gold in the bulk and on the surface (Au/SnO2:Sb, Au) has been studied. The time dependences of the conductivity G(t) of sensors operating in pure air and in gas mixture containing hydrogen (air + H2) in thermo-cyclic operation modes were measured. It was shown that the conductance of films increases and the response to H2 decreases with an increase in the relative humidity from 10 to 70 %. In the sensors based on thin films Pt/Pd/SnO2:Sb exposed to hydrogen the over – barrier component of conductivity plays a decisive role. In case of the films modified by gold the channel component of conductivity is prevailing. The role deposited catalysts Pt/Pd and additives of gold in the process of adsorption of water molecules and hydrogen on the surface of tin dioxide is discussed.
IR Spectroscopy of Polypropylene Fibrous Carrier before and after its Surface Modification with Metal Nanoparticles
Authors: Lysak Ilya A. , Lysak Galina V. , Malinovskaya Tatyana D.
Published: February 2016

In this paper, we present an IR spectroscopy study of the molecular and supramolecular structure of the polypropylene fibre, used as a metal nanoparticle carrier, by the example of nanoparticles of tin dioxide. The aim of this work is to investigate the changes in the chemical structure of the polypropylene melt-blown web when modified with the tin dioxide nanoparticles. The paper shows that the metal-oxygen valence vibration bands appear in the IR spectra of modified polypropylene fibrous carriers. At the same time, the carrier material remains stereoregular and possess a helical structure.
The Study of Rare Earth Production Based on Processing of Phosphorus-Containing Concentrates
Authors: Bujnovskij Alexander S. , Sachkov Victor I. , Molokov Petr B. , Anufrieva Alexandra V.
Published: February 2016

Due to their unique properties, rare-earth elements (REEs) are used in many areas of advanced high-tech industries. One of the most important sources of REEs is phosphorus-containing ores and concentrates, in particular monazite and apatite concentrates. Although a number of monazite processing methods are commercially used, they have some limitations. That is why the extensive research efforts are underway to develop new methods for recovery of REEs from monazite. This paper presents the research results for nitric-acid pressure decomposition of phosphorus-containing concentrate from the unique man-made deposit and demonstrates that this method is feasible in principle.
Investigation of Hydrogen Sorption-Desorption Processes and Hydrides Formation and Dissolution in Zirconium by Using Sievert Apparatus and Short-Wave Diffraction of Synchrotron Radiation
Authors: Kudiiarov Viktor N. , Syrtanov Maksim S. , Babihina Maria N. , Gvozdyakov Dmitriy V.
Published: February 2016

Hydrogen sorption-desorption processes by zirconium alloy Zr-1Nb was investigated in this article. Sievert apparatus was used for investigation of hydrogen interaction with material. It was shown that hydrogenation at gas atmosphere at 350, 450 and 550 °C temperatures leads to the δ-hydride formation in all material volume. Hydrogen sorption rates were calculated on the linear parts of sorption curves and equal to 0.5·10-4 wt%/s at 350 °C, 9.5·10-4 wt%/s at 450 °C and 23.1·10-4 wt%/s at 550 °C. Short-wave diffraction of synchrotron radiation was used for investigation of hydrides dissociation during heating. Hydrides dissociation formed after hydrogenation at gas atmosphere occurs at temperature 522-540 °C. Further temperature increasing leads to β-phase appearance which indicates α to β phase transition at zirconium.
Hydrogenation of Nd-Fe Alloys under Conditions of Different Pressure and Hydrogen Concentration
Authors: Buinovskiy Aleksander , Sofronov Vladimir , Kartashov Evgenii , Kalaev Mikhail
Published: February 2016

The paper presents the research results of the process of hydride grinding of Nd-Fe alloys, which are used for solid-phase alloying of base magnetic alloys having Nd-Fe-B system in order to improve magnetic characteristics of rare-earth permanent magnets. Alloys having rare-earth metals including Nd-Fe can be produced with the help of the out-of-furnace fluoride technology designed by the authors of this article. Hydrogenation of Nd-Fe alloys is used at the stage of their grinding. It is determined by complexity of mechanical grinding of these alloys because of their tensility and high strength. The thermodynamics of the process of alloy hydrogenation is considered. The effects of hydrogen surplus, the process scale and the surface area of alloys on their hydrogenation rate are investigated. The paper also presents the results of metallographic and roentgen-phase analyses of the sample surfaces of alloys which were hydrogenated. The analysis of the specific surface area of the materials is given.
Screening of the Promising Phytogenic Medicinal Materials among the Plant Species of Altai Flora by Supercritical Fluid Extraction
Authors: Krasnoborodkina Maria , Ivanova Maria , Kutsev Maxim
Published: February 2016

The increase of bacterial resistance to synthobiotics makes it relevant to search for new medicinal materials with antibiotic properties. Antimicrobials based on plants represent a huge untapped source of medicines. Antibiotic properties of 34 plant species of Altai flora are studied in this paper. Extracts from plants were obtained by supercritical fluid extraction using supercritical carbon dioxide. Antimicrobial activity of these extracts was determined by micromethod of serial dilutions in liquid media. Escherichia coli XL-1 blue and Staphylococcus aureus 209 strains were used as test-cultures. Upon the results of the study, the extracts from raw material of Penthaphylloides fruticosa and Ribes nigrum can be considered as the most promising for further pharmacological evaluation as new medicinal materials
Role of Inflammation, Viruses and Tissue Macrophages in the Development of Idiopathic Arrhythmia and Heart Failure
Authors: Rogovskaya Yuliya , Botalov Roman , Ryabov Vyacheslav , Rebenkova Mariya , Karpov Rostislav , Popov Sergey , Kzhyshkowska Julia
Published: February 2016

Endomyocardial biopsy is the gold standard in the diagnosis of myocardial pathology. Intravital study of endomyocardial samples offers the possibility to determine the morphological substrate and etiology of disease, to monitor the effectiveness of treatment. We studied morphological features, viral antigens, macrophages and specifically alternatively activated macrophages in endomyocardial biopsies of 25 patients with idiopathic arrhythmias and heart failure. Immunohistological study was performed to identify type of lymphocytes, macrophages and antigens of cardiotropic viruses. We observed the presence of alternatively activated macrophages in myocardium of patients with myocarditis and without it. We detected the presence of viral antigens in the myocardium of patients with myocardial fibrosis without of histological criteria myocarditis. Small focal infiltration of the myocardial CD68+ macrophages associated with heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias. The presence of virus antigens in myocardium associated with fewer myocardial stabilin-1+ macrophages [negative correlation]. On the other side small focal infiltration of stabilin-1+ macrophages correlated with severity of myocardial interstitial fibrosis [positive correlation]
The Structure and Properties of Yttrium-Stabilized Zirconium Dioxide Ceramics Treated by Electron Beam
Authors: Tolkachev Oleg S. , Ivanov Yurii F. , Petrikova Elizaveta A. , Petyukevich Maria S. , Panina Alexandra
Published: February 2016

The high-intensity electron-beam treatment of the submillisecond duration is used to treat the surface layer of sintered zirconium dioxide ceramics partially stabilized by yttrium. The electron beam irradiation parameters are obtained allowing the structural modification under a rapid solidification. It is shown that the structural modification of ceramics under melting conditions with the subsequent rapid solidification is accompanied by the formation of a sub-microcrystalline structure that fosters a multiple magnification (≈ 2 times) of the modified layer hardness.
Classification of Natural and Thermo-Modified Peat by Class-Modeling Techniques
Authors: Zarubin Aleksey , Chukhareva Natalia
Published: February 2016

Significant attention is paid to the production of peat-based materials in modern days. The study explores the influence of natural peat thermal modification on its properties by applying class-modeling techniques. Modification of different types of peat is achieved by heating at 250 °C. The set of peat properties such as component composition, g-factor and IR-spectra is used to obtain data matrix. It is shown that class-modeling techniques, such as partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and simple independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA), allow estimating peat class (natural or modified) by a set of properties without prediction errors by using three latent variables. According to the results of classification, it is established that thermal modification can be considered as a means of regulating the composition and physico-chemical properties of natural peats as a raw material
Researches of Advanced Thermal Insulating Materials for Improving the Building Energy Efficiency
Authors: Morozov Maxim , Strizhak Pavel A.
Published: February 2016

A complex model of building was developed by using Matlab. The model allows conducting for a wide range of research related to improving the energy efficiency of buildings. In this work the investigations of energy efficiency of several advanced insulation materials, which is characterized by different thermal characteristics, were carried out. Conclusions about the impact of the thermal protective envelope on the room thermal regime were made. Prognostic heat consumptions values of rooms with different characteristics of thermal insulation materials and main base-load envelopes were determined. Researches were conducted for the winter climatic conditions of Western Siberia: the average daily outdoor temperatures are -22 °C and -12 °C, the amplitude of temperature oscillation is 8 °C