bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Megafauna community assessment of polymetallic-nodule fields with cameras: platform and methodology comparison
Authors: Schoening Timm , Purser Autun , Langenkämper Daniel , Suck Inken , Taylor James , Cuvelier Daphne , Lins Lidia , Simon-Lledó Erik , Marcon Yann , Jones Daniel O. B. , Nattkemper Tim , Köser Kevin , Zurowietz Martin , Greinert Jens , Gomes-Pereira Jose
Published: June 2020

Abstract. With the mining of polymetallic nodules from the deep-sea seafloor once more evoking commercial interest, decisions must be taken on how to most efficiently regulate and monitor physical and community disturbance in these remote ecosystems.
Image-based approaches allow non-destructive assessment of the abundance of larger fauna to be derived from survey data, with repeat surveys of areas possible to allow time series data collection.
At the time of writing, key underwater imaging platforms commonly used to map seafloor fauna abundances are autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) and towed camera “ocean floor observation systems” (OFOSs). These systems are highly customisable, with cameras, illumination sources and deployment protocols changing rapidly, even during a survey cruise.
In this study, eight image datasets were collected from a discrete area of polymetallic-nodule-rich seafloor by an AUV and several OFOSs deployed at various altitudes above the seafloor. A fauna identification catalogue was used by five annotators to estimate the abundances of 20 fauna categories from the different datasets.
Results show that, for many categories of megafauna, differences in image resolution greatly influenced the estimations of fauna abundance determined by the annotators. This is an important finding for the development of future monitoring legislation for these areas. When and if commercial exploitation of these marine resources commences, robust and verifiable standards which incorporate developing technological advances in camera-based monitoring surveys should be key to developing appropriate management regulations for these regions.
Potassium isotopic variability and implications for 40K-based
geochronology
Authors: Morgan Leah E.
Published: June 2020

Abstract. 40Ar/39Ar and K-Ar geochronology assume that 40K/K values are invariant among the sample of interest, the co-irradiated neutron fluence monitor (standard), and the material used to measure decay constants. Until recently, this assumption was reasonable due to the small K isotope (41K, 40K, 39K) variability found in many terrestrial samples and the negligible effect of any variation relative to the precision of the determined age. The recent discovery of measurable δ41K variability in terrestrial samples now questions this assumption. Although δ41K values for some neutron fluence monitors have now been reported, potassium isotopes are not routinely measured on samples dated by the 40Ar/39Ar method even though a wide range of silicate materials were found to vary by > 2.5 ‰. Further, the 40K decay constants used in 40Ar/39Ar geochronology are based on activity counting of radioactive decay in K-rich salts. These salts have not been measured for δ41K, yet evaporites have been shown to vary by > 1 ‰ from the mean value of silicates. The potential effects of δ41K variability on 40Ar/39Ar ages are illustrated using the case of the ca. 28.2 Ma Fish Canyon sanidine (FCs) and the ca. 99 Ma Mt. Dromedary Biotite (GA-1550). If the two standards have δ41K values as measured and the material used to determine decay constants is appropriately represented by δ41K of evaporites, the age of FCs is underestimated by ca. 7 ka (0.25 ‰). Although this is a small effect, such bias is becoming important as the analytical precision and accuracy of isotopic measurements and calculation of 40Ar/39Ar ages continue to improve.
Three-dimensional normal mode functions: open-access tools for their computation in isobaric coordinates (p-3DNMF.v1)
Authors: Marques Carlos A. F. , Marta-Almeida Martinho , Castanheira José M.
Published: June 2020

Abstract. A free software package for the computation of the three-dimensional normal modes of an hydrostatic atmosphere is presented. This software performs the computations in isobaric coordinates and was developed for two user-friendly languages: MATLAB and Python. The software can be used to expand the global atmospheric circulation onto the 3-D normal modes. This expansion allows the computation of a 3-D energetic scheme, which partitions the energy reservoirs and energy interactions between 3-D spatial scales, barotropic and baroclinic components, and balanced (rotational) and unbalanced (divergent) circulation fields. Moreover, by retaining only a subset of the expansion coefficients, the 3-D normal mode expansion can be used for spatial-scale filtering of atmospheric motion, filtering of balanced motion and mass unbalanced motions, and barotropic and baroclinic components. Fixing the meridional scale, the 3-D normal mode filtering can be used to isolate tropical components of the atmospheric circulation. All of these features are useful both in data analysis and in assessment of general circulation atmospheric models.
A fully coupled Arctic sea ice-ocean-atmosphere model (ArcIOAM
v1.0) based on C-Coupler2: model description and preliminary
results
Authors: Ren Shihe , Liang Xi , Sun Qizhen , Yu Hao , Tremblay L. Bruno , Mai Xiaoping , Zhao Fu , Li Ming , Liu Na , Chen Zhikun , Zhang Yunfei
Published: June 2020

Abstract. The implementation of a new Arctic regional coupled sea ice-ocean-atmosphere model (ArcIOAM) and its preliminary results in the year of 2012 are presented in this paper. A newly developed coupler, C-Coupler2 (the Community Coupler 2), is used to couple the Arctic sea ice-oceanic configuration of the MITgcm (Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model) with the Arctic atmospheric configuration of the Polar WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model. ArcIOAM is demonstrated with focus on seasonal simulation of the Arctic sea ice and ocean state in the year of 2012. The results obtained by ArcIOAM, along with the experiment of one-way coupling strategy, are compared with available observational data and reanalysis products. From the comparison, results obtained from two experiments both realistically capture the sea ice and oceanic variables in the Arctic region over a 1-year simulation period. The two-way coupled model has better performance in terms of sea ice extent, concentration, thickness and SST, especially in summer. This indicates that sea ice-ocean-atmosphere interaction takes a crucial role in controlling Arctic summertime sea ice distribution. The coupled model and documentation are available at  https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3742692 (last access: 9 June 2020), and the source code is maintained at  https://github.com/cdmpbp123/Coupled_Atm_Ice_Oce (last access: 7 April 2020).
Multi-objective calibration by combination of stochastic and gradient-like parameter generation rules – the caRamel algorithm
Authors: Monteil Céline , Zaoui Fabrice , Le Moine Nicolas , Hendrickx Frédéric
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Environmental modelling is complex, and models often require the calibration of several parameters that are not able to be directly evaluated from a physical quantity or field measurement.
Multi-objective calibration has many advantages such as adding constraints in a poorly constrained problem or finding a compromise between different objectives by defining a set of optimal parameters.
The caRamel optimizer has been developed to meet the requirement for an automatic calibration procedure that delivers not just one but a family of parameter sets that are optimal with regard to a multi-objective target. The idea behind caRamel is to rely on stochastic rules while also allowing more “local” mechanisms, such as the extrapolation along vectors in the parameter space.
The caRamel algorithm is a hybrid of the multi-objective evolutionary annealing simplex (MEAS) method and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (ε-NSGA-II). It was initially developed for calibrating hydrological models but can be used for any environmental model.
The caRamel algorithm is well adapted to complex modelling. The comparison with other optimizers in hydrological case studies (i.e. NSGA-II and MEAS) confirms the quality of the algorithm.
An R package, caRamel, has been designed to easily implement this multi-objective algorithm optimizer in the R environment.
La política de energía eólica y sus efectos sobre el desarrollo local. Un análisis a partir del sistema de actores (Loja, Ecuador)
Authors: Mendieta Vicuña Diana , Esparcia Pérez Javier
Published: June 2020

La política energética ecuatoriana pretende que las centrales eléctricas contribuyan al desarrollo local en las áreas en las que se implantan. A partir del caso de estudio del Parque Eólico Villonaco (PEV), la pregunta de investigación que se plantea es si el Plan de Desarrollo Territorial Comunitario (PDTC) que se está implementando en la zona de influencia del Parque, está teniendo efectos socio-territoriales positivos. Se utiliza una metodología cualitativa, a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas a actores clave. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la central eólica ha empezado a tener efectos positivos en el ámbito de los equipamientos educativos, la infraestructura vial, o en el alumbrado público. Sin embargo, aun no se evidencia un impacto significativo en cuanto al empleo y a la dinamización de la economía local. En este sentido, los principales efectos multiplicadores se han localizado fuera del área de influencia directa de la Central.
Indicadores minero ambientales para la determinación de la degradación en canteras a través de los Sistemas de Información Geográficos
Authors: Montes de Oca Risco Alexis , Ulloa Carcassés Mayda , García Cruz Suraymi , Silot Castañeda Angel L.
Published: June 2020

Las actividades de extracción minera afectan drásticamente todos los elementos del ecosistema. En los últimos años se ha incrementado la demanda de materiales de construcción, esta situación contribuye al aumento de los niveles de contaminación generados por la ejecución de explotaciones mineras. El presente trabajo tuvo como objetivo la determinación de los indicadores minero ambientales para la obtención del plano de degradación ambiental en canteras de áridos a través de los S.I.G. A través del método de expertos se obtuvieron los indicadores de degradación ambiental. Como resultado, se elaboraron los planos de cada uno de los indicadores y el plano de degradación ambiental, lo que permitió obtener el nivel de degradación del área degradada en la cantera “Los Guaos”.
Repercusiones de las condiciones ambientales altitudinales en la variabilidad de la disponibilidad hídrica en la cuenca del río Ródano en escenarios de cambio climático
Authors: Pérez-Cutillas Pedro , Pérez-Morales Alfredo , Gil-Guirado Salvador
Published: June 2020

La cuenca del Ródano se enfrenta a corto y medio plazo a importantes descensos en el volumen de sus aguas y a cambios en la estacionalidad del régimen hidrológico, lo que generará importantes repercusiones económicas y ambientales. El análisis llevado a cabo en el presente artículo emplea un modelo hidrológico sobre valores climáticos del periodo actual que sirve de referencia para la comparación de cuatro escenarios futuros de Concentración de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (RCP). Los resultados demuestran que se puede producir un importante descenso de la capacidad de producción hídrica de la cuenca, llegando en las condiciones más desfavorables al 30 % del total. La comparación de estos efectos en diversos sistemas ambientales caracterizados por rasgos altitudinales, señala importantes diferencias en el balance hídrico final, siendo las áreas de alta montaña las zonas de la cuenca más sensibles al cambio climático. En conclusión, la evidente pérdida de recursos hídricos supone importantes desafíos y obliga a revisar los actuales sistemas de gestión del agua.
Zola’s environment: “The dark misery of damp times”
Authors: Valentová Katerina
Published: June 2020

In naturalist novels, social and biological determinism is imposed on the fate of an individual located in a specific environment. This environment is decisive for the main theme of any literary text which follows this aesthetics. In L'Assommoir (1877) by Émile Zola, it is in the working class environment hosting Gervaise, the protagonist of the novel, where we can examine the slow but unstoppable fall of her fate, condemned to moral and physical misery and accelerated by her alcoholism. The labour world of Parisian workers, the urban landscape of the French capital, as well as the physical and psychological defects that Gervaise inherits from her father are the inescapable conditions that determine her fate. This article aims at an analytical and descriptive study of the destructive environment that ultimately kills the heroine.
À la recherche du lexique de la gestion hôtelière : de la magdalena de Proust a la WebQuest
Authors: Sanz Gil Mercedes , Baynat Monreal Mª Elena
Published: June 2020

Este artículo describe el proceso de creación y diseño de una serie de actividades destinadas al aprendizaje del léxico de la gestión hotelera en lengua francesa en contexto profesional. El formato elegido para enmarcar dichas actividades es la WebQuest que, basada en los principios del socioconstructivismo, promueve entre otros, el aprendizaje por descubrimiento. Aplicando, además, una metodología de investigación en acción, se presentan los resultados obtenidos tras su utilización por estudiantes universitarios de francés de especialidad. Las conclusiones obtenidas permiten: (1) comprobar la adecuación y efectividad de la herramienta creada, (2) reflexionar sobre la idoneidad o adaptabilidad de este tipo de herramientas web o metodologías de aprendizaje de lenguas según los diferentes contextos y (3) confirmar que la utilización de las TIC combinada con metodologías activas redunda positivamente en la práctica docente y en la preparación de futuros profesionales del turismo y de otros ámbitos específicos con garantías de calidad.
“Dans l’enfer de l’art pour en ramener la vie”: Algunas reflexiones sobre la exploración del mito balzaquiano de Pigmalión en La belle noiseuse de Jacques Rivette
Authors: Zambrano Carballo Pablo Luis
Published: June 2020

El artículo analiza los principales rasgos de la recreación del mito de Pigmalión que Jacques Rivette lleva a cabo en La belle noiseuse (1991). Dicha recreación se encuadra en la adaptación libre del célebre relato Le Chef-d’œuvre inconnu de Balzac que está en la base de la película. En primer lugar, se aborda de modo somero tanto el interés de la Nouvelle Vague en general como de Rivette en particular por el autor de La Comédie humaine y, a continuación, se resume la génesis del relato balzaquiano y el surgimiento de la interpretación artística del mito de Pigmalión que el novelista adopta como núcleo de su historia. El análisis de la adaptación de Rivette se centra en tres elementos fundamentales: la relación entre el creador y su modelo; la ambigüedad del final; y el simbolismo atribuido a los espacios de la acción.
Presentación: Número especial: La presencia de la literatura francesa en la poesía española actual
Authors: Alonso Valero Encarna
Published: June 2020

Presentación: Número especial: La presencia de la literatura francesa en la poesía española actual
Transition to Federalism in Nepal
Authors: Yilmaz Serdar , Ahsan Syed Khaled , Dedu Gabriel , Rana Saurav Shamsher J.B.
Published: June 2020

Nepal embarked on a full-fledged federal system with the adoption of a new Constitution in 2015. Progress has been made in terms of setting up of key institutional structures, and strengthening the regulatory environment for federalism, and to some extent staff deployment. But significant gaps still exist between the needs and existing capacity at all levels of government. A Federalism Capacity Needs Assessment (FCNA) was conducted in 2018-19 for the Government of Nepal (GoN). The FCNA used a broad definition of capacity, including organizational (physical and human) and institutional (laws and regulations) elements. This paper presents progress in the implementation of federalism based on the findings of the FCNA.
Royal Attire, Ceremonialism, and Performing Arts in the Kraton of Yogyakarta
Authors: Pramutomo R. M.
Published: June 2020

Royal attire aspect as part of the process of fashion and identity is an interesting phenomenon for a study. Especially if that aspect is then intended as a special element in relation to the events of ceremonialism and performance art in Yogyakarta Palace. In this presentation, a phenomenon which is closely related to the development of attires in the event of ceremonialism and performance art in the palace. Ceremonialism itself is a formal pattern designed for strategic interests which is combined in a compromise manner through the presentation of performance art. As stored in archival and document sources, there are always a number of formal standard patterns applied in ceremonialism. The best sources that are still being treated in the Sultan's Palace are manuscript records such as planners, budgels, pranatan and so on. In addition, through the archival studies approach, it is also known that the pattern of formal memory is also well stored among society record keepers as an oral tradition. This archival studies approach then limits in the area of fashion studies in a variety of standard formal patterns when the Yogyakarta Kraton performing arts perform certain ceremonies.
Barn, paternalisme og myndiggjøring. Et kantiansk syn på grunnlaget og grensene for barns medbestemmelse
Authors: Hugaas Jon V.
Published: June 2020

Denne artikkelen tar opp distinksjonen mellom barn og voksne og drøfter grunnlaget og grensene for barns medbestemmelse i beslutningsprosesser som angår dem selv. Med utgangspunkt i spørsmålene hvorfor og hvordan skille mellom barn og voksne, presenteres Immanuel Kants tanker om barnets status i lys av hans praktiske filosofi. Paternalisme og myndiggjøring belyses fra et kantiansk ståsted med henblikk på barnets status og det argumenteres for komplementaritet mellom de to prinsippene i oppdragelsen gjennom en strategi som kan kalles selvutslettende paternalisme.
English abstract
This paper explores the distinction between adults and children in an attempt to shed light on the foundation and range of children’s participation in decision making on issues concerning themselves. The questions why and how we should distinguish between adults and children are explored with reference to Immanuel Kant’s thoughts on the status of children within the wider context of his practical philosophy. A strategy of self-effacing paternalism is recommended, in which paternalism and empowerment is seen as complementary principles.
Meninger om liv og død blant åtteåringer i norsk skole
Authors: Johnsen Hogstad Ingrid , Heen Vold Astri
Published: June 2020

Barns meningsskaping om liv og død ble undersøkt i et sosiokulturelt perspektiv. Datamateriale fra kvalitative intervjuer med 26 elever (åtte år) ble analysert tematisk. Analysen resulterte i seks temaer organisert under tre diskurser: Sorg/tap-diskursen, Riktig å være trist og Forutbestemt livslinje; Naturvitenskapsdiskursen, Kunnskap om hjertet og Kunnskap om dødsårsaker; Trosdiskursen, Gjenfødelse via himmelen og Dualisme. Elevene skapte mening om liv og død gjennom konkrete erfaringer i sin sosiokulturelle makrokontekst. Forfatterne hevder utvikling av meningsinnhold skjer kontinuerlig, gjennom deltakelse i praksisfellesskaper og aktiv bruk av språket. De foreslår at barn bør inkluderes i samtaler om liv og død, med utgangspunkt i barnets perspektiv og ved bruk av eksplisitt kommunikasjon.
English abstract
Children’s meaning making of life and death was studied within a sociocultural perspective. Transcripts from qualitative interviews with 26 pupils (eight years old) were analyzed thematically and resulted in six themes organized in three discourses: Bereavement/loss-discourse, Appropriate to be sad and Predetermined lifeline; Scientific discourse, Knowledge of the heart and Knowledge of causes of death; Religious discourse, Reincarnation via heaven and Dualism. Meaning making of life and death seemed linked to specific experiences and sociocultural macro context. The authors claim continuous development of meaning content occurs through active use of language and participation in collectives of practice. The authors propose inclusion of children in talks about life and death, taking the child’s perspective and use of explicit communication.
Pedagogisk ledelse og barnehagen som lærende organisasjon
Authors: Bøe Marit
Published: June 2020

Kunnskapsdepartementet legger føringer for barnehagesektoren gjennom Kompetanse for framtidens barnehage. Strategi for kompetanse og rekruttering 2014–2020. Ett av satsingsområdene er Pedagogisk ledelse – barnehagen som lærende organisasjon. I denne artikkelen vil jeg gjøre rede for hvordan denne prioriteringen kan forstås i dagens samfunnskontekst. Artikkelen åpner for å løfte fram betydningen av ledelse og hvorfor ledelse har fått en sentral rolle i barnehagen som utdanningsinstitusjon. Videre drøftes forskningsbaserte begrunnelser for ledelse av barnehagen som lærende organisasjon i lys av kritiske faktorer og muligheter. Tre ulike tilnærminger til ledelse drøftes: «instructional leadership», distribuert ledelse og hybrid ledelse. Med en økende forventning til en profesjonalisering av barnehagen konkluderer artikkelen med at hybride ledelsesformer kan utvikles som en måte å håndtere både ansvarligheten til lokale myndigheter og faglige hensyn i ledelse av barnehagen som lærende organisasjon.
English abstract
The Ministry of Education and Research provides guidelines for the early childhood sector through Competence for the future early childhood centers. Strategy for competence and recruitment 2014–2020. One of the focus area is Pedagogical leadership – the early childhood center as a learning organization. In this article, I will elaborate on how this focus area can be understood in the contemporary social context. The article opens up to highlight the significance of leadership and why leadership has become a central area in early childhood. Further, different concepts of leading are discussed where critical issues and possibilities are emphasized in light of leading a learning organization. More specifically, instructional leadership, distributed leadership and hybrid leadership are highlighted. The article argues that hybrid leadership could be a way of managing professional and managerial accountabilities in leading a learning organization.
«Ei linerle vet at hun er ei linerle» En kvalitativ studie av små barns «well-being» i barnehagen
Authors: Eide Brit J. , Winger Nina , Wolf Kristin Danielsen , Dahle Hanne Fehn
Published: June 2020

Blir små barn i tilstrekkelig grad tatt hensyn til i barnehagen? Prosjektet «Blikk for barn» retter søkelyset mot ulike sider ved kvalitet i barnehagen for barn under tre år. I et kvalitativt delprosjekt «Små barns hverdagsliv i barnehager – deltakelse, tilhørighet og verdighet» studerer vi kvaliteter ved dagliglivet for småbarn i seks barnehager med ulike organiseringsmåter. I denne artikkelen drøfter vi noen resultater fra denne studien med særlig vekt på barnas muligheter for tilgang og deltakelse, relasjoner og tilhørighet til barnehagefellesskapet i lys av perspektiver på «well-being».
English abstract
To what extent is small children’s «well-being» and quality of life an important issue in day care? In theresearch-project «Searching for qualities» a research-group has investigated aspects of quality in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) for children under the age of 3 years in Norway. In a qualitative sub-project we have studied everyday life for the youngest children in traditional small groups and large, flexible groups. In this article we will discuss some results from this study in light of theoretical perspectives on «well-being», with special emphasis on children`s possibilities for agency, relationalinvolvement and sense of belonging.
Et tve-egget sverd: En diskusjon av kulturkompetansebegrepets konsekvenser i profesjonelt arbeid med minoritetsetniske barn og familier
Authors: Rugkåsa Marianne , Ylvisaker Signe , Eide Ketil
Published: June 2020

I Norge har det siden 1990-årene vært vanlig å tilby kurs og videreutdanninger som skal gjøre profesjonsutøvere bedre i stand til å møte mennesker med en minoritetsetnisk bakgrunn. Fokus på og forståelse for minoriteters kultur blir her tillagt stor betydning og behovet for «kulturkompetanse» etterspørres stadig i profesjonell yrkesutøvelse. Det er imidlertid ikke tydelig hva denne kompetansen skal bygge på. Vårt empiriske utgangspunkt for å diskutere kulturkompetanse i profesjonell yrkesutøvelse er videreutdanningen «Barnevern i et minoritetsperspektiv». Barnevernsarbeidernes uttalte behov for kunnskap, slik dette kommer til uttrykk i en evaluering av videreutdanningen, ligger til grunn for vår diskusjon i artikkelen. Vi diskuterer hva en kulturkompetansetilnærming innebærer i praksis og noen konsekvenser en slik tilnærming kan gi for profesjonell yrkesutøvelse overfor barn og deres foreldre. Vi er spesielt opptatt av hvordan fokus på kulturkompetanse kan bidra til annengjøring og essensialisering, og på denne måten skyggelegge forhold som marginalisering og diskriminering.
English abstract
Beginning in the 1990s, a number of nations including Norway established various courses and programs of further education focused on helping professionals to become better equipped to meet and to work with ethnic minorities. Many of these programs were launched and initiated by the state as part of major initiatives aimed at facilitating the integration of minorities into society. In Norway, much attention has been focused on the need for welfare professionals to understand the cultures of ethnic minorities. Demands for increasing cultural understanding and cultural competence among professionals working with minority clients have been central in many programs. One key question left unanswered, however, about these and related programs involves determining what is actually meant by cultural competence. Making use of experiential knowledge acquired during many years of teaching about child welfare work with ethnic minorities, we critically explore culture-related notions expressed both as key goals in many programs and as concepts eagerly sought for by social workers in the field. In examining the concepts of cultural competence, central to many of today’s programs for social work education, we wish to focus especially on how these notions impact in various ways on the practices of professionals with minority parents and their children. In so doing, we wish especially to examine whether well-intended culture-related concepts work at cross-purposes to contribute to essentialist, stereotyped and other harmful understandings minimalizing and obscuring racism and related processes marginalizing ethnic minorities in Norwegian society.
In Search of an Effective Teacher: Ghana’s Move towards Achieving Sustainable Education through Teacher Education Reforms
Authors: (PhD) Kenneth Adu-Gyamfi , Otami Charles Deodat
Published: June 2020

Ghana has experienced a number of education reforms in the post-independence era and the study aimed at examining Ghana’s attempt at finding an effective teacher, in relation to sustainable education, through teacher education reforms. Qualitative approaches, such as documents analysis and interviews with 10 experienced college educators, were the methodology for the research. After constant comparison, students’ quality and entry requirements, changes in curriculum, and role of development partners in education reforms affected quality of teacher education. However, cultural context, support systems, and educator professional development are means of achieving sustainable basic education. Ghana should, therefore, have teacher education policy for a reasonable period of time, uninfluenced by change in political power and ideologies, but tailored to socio-cultural and economic needs of the people; preparing motivated-teachers to accept the profession as a chosen-career.
Factors Affecting Technology Integration in EFL Classrooms: The Case of Kuwaiti Government Primary Schools
Authors: Alghasab Maha Bader , Alfadley Anaam , Aladwani Amel M.
Published: June 2020

Previous Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) research has shown that technology is beneficial for promoting language learning, but some teachers neither use technology as an assisted tool nor integrate it into their language classrooms. It has also been argued that the integration of technology has been unsuccessful in Kuwait. This study aims to explore the factors influencing teachers’ use of technology in English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom in Kuwaiti government primary schools. More specifically, it aims to highlight factors promoting and hindering EFL teachers’ use of technology. For the purpose of this study, 55 questionnaire responses were collected from different primary school teachers in Kuwait, followed up with 15 semi-structured interviews. The study findings show that Kuwaiti primary school EFL teachers who participated in the current study demonstrated positive attitudes towards using technology and acknowledged the implementation of some cutting-edge technologies in their classrooms. Enhancing students’ language learning, innovation and school support were the main factors that encouraged the participating teachers to use technology. Other factors hindered the use of technology; particularly those related to lack of parental support, personal expenses and health problems, teachers’ lack of skills and training, poor classroom infrastructure, and time constraints/workload. The findings also reveal that the lack of professional development training workshops provided by the Ministry of Education led the Kuwaiti teachers to rely more on informal training in which they worked and learnt together with their colleagues in small sub-groups to improve their use of technology. The study findings have implications for policymakers and other stakeholders intending to integrate technology in Kuwaiti primary schools.
Students’ Acceptance of Simulation Games in Management Courses: Evidence from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Bamufleh Dalal , Hussain Reem , Sheikh Eman , Khodary Khlood
Published: June 2020

As a new trend in learning, simulation games play an active and essential role in the area of educational technology. Gaming makes a positive impact on the learning process. It has the capability to enhance creativity, problem-solving, communication, decision-making, and collaboration (Faizan et al., 2015). This paper is aimed at exploring the factors that affect students’ acceptance and use of simulation games in management courses. In this study, the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) is utilized to investigate students’ intentions regarding using simulation games for learning. The proposed model and its hypotheses are tested by surveying 115 students at Yanbu University College in Saudi Arabia. Data are gathered and analyzed using smart partial least square. After analysis, the results prove that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence have positive effects on behavioral intentions (BI) and that facilitating conditions have a positive impact on use behavior (UB). In addition, a positive effect is found between BI and UB. The authors utilize the study findings to highlight some recommendations that could improve the implementation of simulation games. Finally, future studies are recommended to increase the sample size for more reliable results and conclusions.
Enhanced Abrasion Resistance of Coated Particleboard Pre-Treated with Atmospheric Plasma
Authors: Žigon Jure , Dahle Sebastian , Petrič Marko , Pavlič Matjaž
Published: June 2020

This study aims to investigate the influence of atmospheric plasma treatment on the abrasion resistance of particleboards, as an example of a wood-based material, coated with a waterborne finish. The treatment of the substrate, prior to coating application, using a floating-electrode dielectric barrier discharge (FE-DBD) plasma, resulted in an enhanced abrasion resistance of the coated particleboards in comparison to the untreated ones during the abrasion test with a duration of 200 revolutions. This finding was related to lower contact angles of water and coating after treatment with plasma and greater hardness of the coating on the treated substrates. The micrographs of the sample cross sections recorded with scanning electron microscope showed differences in the amounts of remained coating on the abraded areas. Investigation with attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that treatment of the substrate with plasma did not affect the chemical composition nor the curing and structure of the later applied coating. Further studies should be performed to determine the resistance properties of such surface systems to other impacts.
O diretor de comunicação no futebol: perfis e tendências nos “três grandes” clubes portugueses
Authors: Quintela José Lemos
Published: June 2020

Objetivo do estudo: Traçar o perfil do Diretor de Comunicação (DirCom) nos grandes clubes do futebol português e analisar a sua atividade, não só enquanto pivô do processo comunicativo, mas também como protagonista de um processo de comunicação, influência e poder. Pretende-se assim analisar as competências necessárias para o exercício desta função.Metodologia/abordagem: A partir de uma revisão da literatura problematizamos a centralidade midiática do DirCom, tendo como estratégia metodológica a observação participante completa no Sporting Clube de Portugal. Foi ainda efetuada uma análise documental, de caráter descritivo/comparativo, da imprensa desportiva, currículos e trajetos profissionais dos DirCom dos “três grandes” (Benfica, Porto e Sporting).Originalidade/relevância: A centralidade da função DirCom nas Sociedades Anônimas Desportivas (SAD) em Portugal não encontra, ainda, correspondência ao nível das pesquisas acadêmicas e científicas desenvolvidas. Este estudo exploratório ganha relevância ao contribuir para o aprofundamento e conhecimento deste assunto.Principais resultados: O perfil identificado caracteriza-se pela senioridade, experiência política e empresarial dos DirCom, em detrimento da esportiva. São privilegiados modelos de comunicação unidirecionais (propagandísticos) num ecossistema comunicacional que proporciona aos clubes um maior controle sobre as suas mensagens, com as suas próprias plataformas de comunicação e sem necessidade de intermediação jornalística.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Promove a discussão da relação entre a mercantilização, a política e o futebol, em torno do DirCom e o seu papel na atualidade, objeto por explorar.Contribuições sociais/para a gestão: Analisa o papel do DirCom na governança das SAD e na relação com os stakeholders, num mundo cada vez mais digital, abrindo caminho a novas pesquisas.
Marketing digital: a influência das mídias sociais digitais no processo de decisão de compra dos consumidores de meios de hospedagem
Authors: Barbosa Leonia Sonalis da Silva , Andrade-Matos Mariana Bueno De , Perinotto André Riani Costa
Published: June 2020

Objetivo do estudo: o presente trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar como consumidores de meios de hospedagem são influenciados por mídias sociais digitais em seus processos de decisão de compra.Metodologia/abordagem: A pesquisa desenvolvida foi exploratória e quantitativa, utilizando coleta de dados por meio de questionários aplicados online em mídias sociais digitais com consumidores de meios de hospedagem. O questionário foi composto por questões de múltipla escolha e uma questão discursiva. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e, para a questão discursiva, foi utilizada a análise de conteúdo e, depois, construiu-se uma word cloud (nuvem de palavras).Originalidade/Relevância: Com a facilidade de acesso à internet que há atualmente, os consumidores estão assumindo papéis mais ativos no processo de decisão de compra, incluindo as suas cinco etapas: reconhecimento do problema, busca de informações, análise de alternativas, decisão de compra e, por fim, o pós-compra.  As mídias sociais digitais possibilitam grande diversidade de possibilidades de busca e acesso às informações diversas, o que gera um novo comportamento de compra nos consumidores diante das mudanças que estão ocorrendo na sociedade.Principais resultados: De acordo com os resultados, os respondentes fazem uso frequente das mídias sociais digitais principalmente para realizarem pesquisas e trocarem informações com outros consumidores, uma vez que as experiências vividas por outros acabam influenciando o processo de decisão de compra de meios de hospedagem.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Para embasar a discussão, foi desenvolvida uma revisão de literatura a respeito de marketing digital e mídias sociais digitais, comportamento do consumidor online e processo de decisão de compra. Concluiu-se que a etapa mais influenciada pelas mídias sociais é a de busca de informações, na qual os consumidores buscam referências para suas decisões de compra de meios de hospedagem. As mídias sociais mais utilizadas para que esses usuários obtenham informações são o WhatsApp, o Instagram e o Facebook, respectivamente.
Ethics and human rights considerations regarding involuntary isolation of people with TB
Authors: Silva D. S. , Citro B. , Volchenkov G. , Gonzalez-Angulo L.
Published: June 2020

Involuntary isolation of people with tuberculosis is rarely medically required, ethically permitted or justified on the ground of human rights law. The rare circumstances that do call for involuntary isolation must only occur once a number of conditions are met. These include just procedural
protections and ensuring that all other options have been exhausted before resorting to involuntary isolation. This article is intended to outline for healthcare workers, policy makers and advocates the ethical reasoning behind isolation and involuntary isolation, as well as describing the
requisite human rights laws that impinge on the topic. Finally, we present a list of conditions that must be met to justify involuntary isolation on the grounds of both ethics and human rights.
Teaching how to decipher the code of music notation as a fundamental obligation of a teacher–instrumentalist
Authors: Hoffman Elżbieta
Published: June 2020

The article presents, based on didactic experience of the author herself, how to teach pupils and students to decode music notation of a piece. The discussion focuses on the understanding of a piece, development of inner hearing and development of a natural need for expression. It is noted that pupils should be provided with mindful inspiration in order to effectively recreate the spirit of a piece and composer’s intentions. A consistent pursuit of inner imaging and hearing a sound is a prerequisite for the development of imagination and expression of performed pieces. When working with pupils, it is crucial that they should imagine a proper pitch as well as its volume and intensity. What is strictly connected with work on a music piece is the ability of sight-reading and aural training, provided also by a subject of the same name.
The Automatic Polar Map Creation for Myocardial Perfusion SPECT Analysis Using Image Registration Combined with Feature Extraction
Authors: Patzer Gabriel , Do Nascimento Marcelo , Simões Marcus , Alves Jeovane , Wichert-Ana Lauro , De Azevedo-Marques Paulo , De Oliveira Lucas
Published: June 2020

This paper describes a technique for an automatic polar map creation from myocardial perfusion SPECT images. This exam is widely used in post-infarction patient evaluations, in order to foretell the outcome and left ventricular function. This exam is difficult to interpret, since it is a 3D representation of the heart. Use of polar maps intends to simplify analysis of the exam, converting the 3D image into a 2D plot. The technique developed is based on a combination of image registration and feature detection. For this study, an overall of 31 cases were tested, with the results compared with the gold standard software. The correlation calculated between techniques was 0.76 in the worst case and 0.98 in the best case. Index Terms: Image Registration, Myocardial Infarction, Polar Map, SPECT.
Determinação de um conjunto reduzido de características morfológicas para classificação de lesões mamárias em imagens de ultrassom utilizando máquinas de vetores de suporte
Authors: Nascimento Carmina , Silva Thales , Pereira Wagner , Costa Marly , C. Filho Cícero
Published: June 2020

O uso de ferramentas de auxílio de diagnóstico (CAD) para detecção e classificação de câncer de mama tem sido difundido. No que diz respeito ao diagnóstico de câncer de mama por imagens de ultrassom, resultados encontrados na literatura revelam um melhor desempenho de classificação das lesões mamárias com características morfológicas e sugerem que um conjunto reduzido de características apresenta uma melhor performance de classificação em relação a um conjunto grande. Neste estudo foram avaliados o desempenho de classificadores SVM com diferentes kernels: polinomial e RBF. Conjuntos de características morfológicas distintos foram utilizados para treinamento e classificação. A seleção de conjuntos reduzidos de características, foi realizada através da técnica de seleção de escalar com correlação. Os melhores resultados obtidos para acurácia e AUC foram de 92% e 0.920 respectivamente
Monitor de Frequência Respiratória Utilizando Dois Acelerômetros
Authors: Marcondes Clóvis , Batista Leonardo , De Brito Alisson
Published: June 2020

A frequência respiratória (FR) é um elemento que pode oferecer informações importantes sobre a condição do indivíduo, contudo as opções disponíveis no mercado, além de terem alto custo, requerem um ambiente controlado e/ou o uso de equipamentos que certamente não seriam adequados para o uso rotineiro. Para a aquisição de dados para a aferição da FR, sugere-se a utilização de dois acelerômetros, sendo um frontal com o objetivo de capturar as forças exercidas sobre o tronco do indivíduo pelas ações de inspiração e expiração e um posterior utilizado como referência para percepção de movimento. O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar a viabilidade de tal aparato, permitindo seu uso em projetos de monitoramento de sinais vitais.
Graph Algorithms for Word Sense Disambiguation in Biomedicine
Authors: Goulart Rodrigo , De Carvalho Juliano , De Lima Vera
Published: June 2020

Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an important task for Biomedicine text-mining. Supervised WSD methods have the best results but they are complex and their cost for testing is too high. This work presents an experiment on WSD using graph-based approaches (unsupervised methods). Three algorithms were tested and compared to the state of the art. Results indicate that similar performance could be reached with different levels of complexity, what may point to a new approach to this problem.
Uma Análise Híbrida para Identificação de Câncer de Mama usando Sinais Térmicos
Authors: Silva Lincoln , Oliveira Giomar , Borchartt Tiago , Resmini Roger , Santos Alair , Fontes Cristina , Muchaluat-Saade Débora , Conci Aura
Published: June 2020

Câncer de mama é o segundo tipo de câncer mais comum no mundo. Atualmente não existem métodos efetivos para prevenir esta doença. Porém, o diagnóstico e o tratamento em estágios iniciais aumentam as chances de cura. Depois de ser constatado que a temperatura de tecidos cancerosos é geralmente mais alta do que a de tecidos vizinhos saudáveis, a termografia passou a ser uma opção a ser considerada em estratégias para identificar esse tipo de câncer. Este artigo propõe um método híbrido de análise de Termografia Infravermelha Dinâmica com o objetivo de identificar pacientes com câncer de mama. Imagens desta modalidade de exame são processadas a fim de gerar sinais térmicos de ambas as mamas. Tais sinais são analisados por técnicas de aprendizagem de máquina supervisionada e não supervisionada. Na fase de testes, cinco modelos de classificação foram gerados, usando redes Bayesianas, redes neurais, tabelas de decisão, bagging e florestas randômicas. Os resultados dos testes mostraram que o método apresentado neste artigo é capaz de identificar pacientes com câncer de mama como também mostraram que redes Bayesianas é a melhor técnica de aprendizagem, pois apresentou acurácia de 100%. Além disso, foi obtida uma acurácia média de 93,63% entre todos os modelos de classificação testados.
Classificação de anomalias cardíacas a partir de exames de Eletrocardiograma
Authors: Dalvi Rodolfo , Andreão Rodrigo , Zago Gabriel
Published: June 2020

Neste trabalho é apresentado um algoritmo capaz de classificar o exame de eletrocardiograma segundo alguns tipos de anomalias com a finalidade de auxiliar o especialista na triagem de exames críticos. As anomalias analisadas estão relacionadas com alterações cardíacas típicas tais como: Bloqueio do ramo direito (R), Bloqueio do ramo esquerdo (L), batimento ventricular prematuro (V), batimento atrial prematuro (A) e batimento estimulado (PB). Um pré-processamento é realizado através da filtragem e alinhamento do sinal, o qual depende de uma etapa de detecção dos batimentos. Para a classificação foi utilizado um vetor com 106 características ligadas aos intervalos RR e à segmentação do ECG. Este vetor foi reduzido através da técnica de Análise de Componentes Principais (Principal Component Analysis – PCA) para então ser aplicado à entrada de uma Rede Neural Artificial (RNA). O desempenho de classificação de arritmias sobre uma base de teste de 18 registros de 30 min cada foi de uma precisão de 96,97%, sensibilidade de 95,05%, especificidade de 90,88%, valor preditivo positivo de 95,11% e valor preditivo negativo de 92,7%. O resultado torna viável o uso da triagem para priorizar os exames com alterações para análise do cardiologista em um serviço de Telecardiologia.
Uso de imagens termográficas para classificação de anormalidades de mama
Authors: Araújo Marcus , Lima Rita , Souza Renata
Published: June 2020

Estudos recentes envolvem o uso da termografia como uma técnica de triagem para o câncer de mama, especialmente nos casos em que a mamografia é limitada. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a utilização de imagens termográficas para classificar anomalias mamárias (maligno, benigno e cisto) a fim de detectar o câncer de mama. No primeiro passo, a imagem termográfica é obtida e processada. Em seguida quatro variáveis são obtidas com base nos intervalos de temperaturas obtidos do termograma, determinando os dados de entrada para o processo de classificação. Três classificadores clássicos foram avaliados. Por fim, obteve-se 16% de taxa de erro de classificação, 85,7% de sensibilidade e 86,5% de especificidade para o câncer.
Segmentação Automática de Candidatos a Nódulos Pulmonares em Imagens de Tomografia Computadorizada
Authors: De Moura Maria , De Sousa Alcilene , De Oliveira Ivo , Mesquita Laércio , Drumond Patrícia
Published: June 2020

Este trabalho apresenta um algoritmo para segmentação automática de candidatos a nódulos pulmonares em imagens de Tomografia Computadorizada do tórax. A metodologia empregada inclui aquisição das imagens, eliminação de ruídos, segmentação do parênquima pulmonar e segmentação dos candidatos a nódulos pulmonares. O uso do filtro wiener e a aplicação do limiar ideal garante ao algoritmo uma melhora significativa nos resultados, permitindo detectar um maior número de nódulos nas imagens. Os testes foram realizados utilizando um conjunto de imagens da base LIDC-IDRI, contendo 708 nódulos. Os resultados do teste mostraram que o algoritmo localizou 93,08% dos nódulos considerados.