bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Dolar Singapura dan Fluktuasi Inflasi Terhadap Pergerakan Harga IHSG
Authors: Surahman Arif , Mangasa Tua Rudy Bodewyn
Published: October 2020

Penelitian dibuat  untuk menyelidiki bagaimana fluktuasi harga Dolar Singapura dan fluktuasi Inflasi Indonesia dapat berpengaruh terhadap pergerakan harga IHSG. Kami menggunakan data bulanan, selama 31 bulan yang diambil menggunakan data sekunder dari internet. Kami menggunakan uji regresi dan mendapatkan hasil yang berbeda dengan penelitian-penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Jayanti dkk. (2014) serta Sathyanarayana dan Garbesa (2018), yang menemukan bahwa fluktuasi nilai Inflasi Indonesia tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap IHSG. Berlawanan dengan temuan-temuan mereka, penelitian kami telah menemukan adanya hubungan yang negatif signifikan terhadap fluktuasi Inflasi terhadap Indeks Indonesia (IHSG). Selain itu, kami juga menemukan bahwa Dolar Singapura berpengaruh signifikan negatif terhadap IHSG.
Структурно-функціональні особливості п’яткового (ахіллового) сухожилка, етіологія, патогенез пошкодження
Authors: Ніканоров О. , Заєць В.
Published: October 2020

Мета. Огляд вітчизняної та закордонної літератури з приводу проблем виникненняпошкодження п’яткового (ахіллового) сухожилка для подальшого планування лікування тареабілітації пацієнтів. Триголовий м’яз гомілки та його сухожилки перекидаються через трисуглоби: колінний, надп’ятково-гомілковий та підтаранний. Фібрили сухожилка ротуються зсередини до зовні на 90 град. Це дозволяє передавати скорочення з усіх волокон м’яза наодин з країв місця прикріплення. Етіологія пошкодження сухожилка мультифакторіальна.Серед причин розриву п’яткового сухожилка виділяють: спортивну травму, побутову травму,спонтанний розрив (без механічної причини), відкрите пошкодження. Висновки. Консервативні методи відновлення спонтанного розриву п’яткового сухожилка (гіпсова іммобілізація, ходьба в ортезі) не дозволяють досягти задовільних результатів у спортсменів та у пацієнтів, що активно займаються фізичною діяльністю. Врахування особливостей виникненняпошкодження п’яткового сухожилка дозволяють застосовувати найбільш ефективні методикипрофілактики, оперативного відновлення та реабілітації пацієнтів з даною патологією.
Speed Limit Changes and Driver Behaviour: A Spatial Lag Model
Authors: Toulouse Catherine , Amiri Saeid , Cloutier Marie-Soleil , Saunier Nicolas
Published: October 2020

Speed is a major factor in road safety and the interplay of the different factors affecting speed choice is not completely understood. This paper presents a study of operating speeds in Quebec, Canada, between 2000 and 2018 on provincial highways (except freeways) in response to speed limit changes. This paper shows that driving speed is spatially correlated. Two statistical models are then compared, with and without a spatial component. The spatial model provides a better fit and demonstrates that speed behaviour is spatially correlated. The resulting models confirm that drivers only partly adjust their speeds after a change and that several road features like side curbs, lateral and median strips are associated with driving speed.
Features of infusion therapy with gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Hasanov F.J. , Muradov N.F. , Abbasova M.T. , Askarova G.A.
Published: October 2020

Background. Ulcers of the stomach and 12-duodenal ulcers, complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), become more life threatening, especially in patients with concomitant coronary heart disease (CHD). The composition of infusion therapy can significantly affect the coagulation potential of blood and the prognosis of treatment.

Objective. The aim of this work is to identify the features of the infusion therapy performed in patients with GIB.

Materials and methods. We analyzed the composition of infusion therapy in 457 patients who received intensive therapy for GIB in the period 2015-2019. The study protocol included a general and biochemical blood test, coagulogram, acid base balance, endoscopic and/or X-ray contrast examination of the gastrointestinal tract, ultrasound and, if necessary, CT or MRI of the abdominal organs, ECG, EchoCG.

Results and discussion. Upon admission to the intensive care unit, all patients underwent catheterization of one of the central veins and continuous monitoring of the main indicators: pulse, blood pressure, ECG, pulse oximetry (SpO2), Hb level, coagulogram indicators. The main principles of intensive care were to stop all previously taken anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, the appointment of H2-blockers – histamine receptors and proton pump inhibitors, Almagel or Maalox for 3-4 days, continuous infusion of nitroglycerin under hemodynamic control, transfusion of a polarizing mixture. The composition of the infusion given to these patients is one of the important factors that can affect the prognosis of treatment. To replenish the circulating blood volume, erythrocyte mass, fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and, if necessary, colloidal solutions under the control of central venous pressure and diuresis were given preference. At the same time, they tried to maintain the Hb level not lower than 8 g/dL, hematocrit 25 %, and FFP was used in large (15-20 ml/kg) doses.

Conclusions. Considering the danger of thrombosis of the coronary arteries of the heart, shunts or stands on these vessels, in patients with GIB and concomitant CHD, the use of hemostatics is inappropriate. Resuming the use of anticoagulants can only be after the bleeding has stopped.
Application of colloidal-hyperosmolar solution in the early postoperative period in patients after cardiosurgery
Authors: Kondratskyi B.O. , Novak V.L. , Kondratskyi Ya.B. , Solovey L.Ya. , Prymak S.V.
Published: October 2020

Objective. To substantiate the safety of the infusion drug Hecoton in the early postoperative period in patients after cardiac surgery.

Materials and methods. The study involved 60 patients receiving infusions of 200 ml colloid-hyperosmolar solution Gecotone. The solution contains: hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42 – 5 %, polyatomic alcohol xylitol – 5 %, sodium lactate – 1.5 % and electrolytes Na+, K+, Ca++, Mg++, Cl-. The total amount of sodium in the solution is 270 mmol/l, which is 2 times higher than its concentration in blood plasma. The amount of lactate is 133 mmol/l, which is 4 times higher than in isotonic polyelectrolyte solutions. The total osmolarity of the drug is 890 mOsm/l. Vital signs, hemodynamics, glucose, arterial blood gas and acid-base status was evaluated before, during and infusion of medication.

Results and discussion. Gecoton infusions had no adverse effect on hemodynamic parameters. All changes were not statistically significant. The mean values of the patient’s body temperature were within the normal range. There was no case of temperature increase above 36.9 °C in all patients after administration of the drug. There was a slight, statistically unreliable increase in the mean glucose level (from 8.57±0.42 to 9.53±0.48 mmol/l), which was most likely due to response to the surgical stress. Dynamics of arterial blood gas and acid-base state shows that pH and PaCO2 practically did not change, decrease of PaO2 from 115.69±5.52 mm Hg to 110,79±4,83 mm Hg after the infusion of Gecotone, was statistically unreliable, the base excess showed little dynamics to increase (from -1.84±0.35 to -1.29±0.23 mmol/l) after administration of Gecotone.

Conclusions. The use of the complex colloid-hyperosmolar infusion solution Gecotone in patients after cardiac surgery in the early postoperative period is safe.
The role of the nurse in rational antibioticotherapy
Authors: Solodovnik V.O. , Bashta A.G.
Published: October 2020

Objective. A study of the role of the nurse in carrying out rational therapy with the analysis of data of research of treatment of patients on the basis of City Hospital № 21 of Dnipro for 2019.

Materials and methods. A study of 50 case histories of patients with infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract aged 18 to 60 years who required treatment with antibiotics was conducted. Ways and methods of antibiotic therapy were studied. An analysis of the possibilities of the nurse’s influence on antibiotic therapy was performed.

Results and discussion. According to the results of the study, it was determined that in 2019 the following drugs were most often used: azithromycin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin. The route of administration of antibiotics was distributed according to the following rating: the most commonly used parenteral (intramuscular) route of administration, in second place – oral, in third place – parenteral (intravenous). A stepwise regimen of antibiotics was prescribed in 90 % of cases. The important role of the nurse is determined both in the collection of material for the isolation and study of the pathogen, and in the control and observance of the rules of administration and the algorithm of administration of the antimicrobial drug.

Conclusions. The paper covers the role of the nurse in the conduct of rational antibiotic therapy for patients with respiratory infections, noted the features of the appointment of antibiotic therapy in the hospital, ways of drug administration, analysis of treatment results and complications. The issues of rational and safe use of antimicrobial drugs of certain categories of patients – pregnant women, breastfeeding women, the elderly over 60 years – deserve close attention. Particular attention should be paid to the appointment of antibacterial drugs in patients with comorbidities, which should take into account the interaction of various drugs.
Current issues of application of anti-viral drugs in hematological patients with hepatitis C virus
Authors: Yurchyshak I.M. , Kiselyk I.O. , Shurko N.O. , Novak V.L.
Published: October 2020

Objective. To analyze the effectivity of the use of antiviral drugs Sovaldi 400 mg and Harvoni 90/400 mg in hematological patients.

Materials and methods. Under our supervision there were 68 patients: 43 (63 %) male and 25 (37 %) female, age from 23 to 80 years, who were treated with antiviral medications intended to hepatitis C virus (HCV). The drugs had prescribed depending on the genotype of the virus; the degree of liver damage; factors that aggravate the course of the disease and the treatment process; responses and adverse reactions that may occur during the process of taking the drug and the timing of use. The 26 patients with genotypes 1 (3), 1c (4), 2 (4), 3a (14) and 1 patient with atypical genotype Sovaldi 400 mg received. Harvoni 90/400 mg was used for treatment HCV 1b genotype in 41 patients and in 1 patient with an atypical genotype. To all patients were investigation according to the algorithm for the diagnosis and treatment of HCV: general clinical (biochemical and hematological) studies and examinations to determine the genotype of the virus, viral load, the degree of liver fibrosis.

Results and discussion. Given the high infection rate of hematological patients with HCV, which does not allow full treatment, including surgery and chemotherapy, under the program “Treatment of patients with viral hepatitis” antiviral drugs were purchased and treatment was performed in groups of hematological patients. In particular, in patients with the following diagnoses: non-Hodgkin lymphoma (5); myelodysplastic syndromes (1); Hodgkin lymphoma (1); haemophilia A (13) and B (3); leukopenia (3); disaggregation thrombocytopathy (16); immune thrombocytopenic purpura (13); secondary erythrocytosis (5); iron deficiency anemia (5); polycythemia vera (2); chronic lymphocytic leukemia (1). Antiviral therapy was performed according to the clinical protocol for the treatment of viral hepatitis B and C in hematological patients under the supervision of an infectious disease specialist and hematologist. Most patients tolerated treatment satisfactorily and without complications.

Conclusions. In the last years, direct-acting antiviral drugs become the standard of treatment in hematological patients. For today, HCV should not hinder on the basic of full treatment in the hematological patients as most infected patients may receive antiviral therapy.
Combination of the therapy of the anticoagulants and Tivortin in patients with cardiac ishemia at COVID-19
Authors: Dzhumaeva M.J. , Tabarov A.I. , Fayzulloev Kh.T.
Published: October 2020

Background. Аn L-arginine is a conditionally essential amino acid. The daily average requirement is 4.2 mg. The L-arginine exhibits angioprotective properties, regulates proliferation and apoptosis, oxidative processes, blocks platelet aggregation and has a fibrinolytic effect ‒ antithrombotic (prevents the adhesion of circulating platelets and leukocytes) for anti-inflammatory effects. The likelihood of developing thrombotic complications in all patients with COVID-19 is very high, such patients are recommended to double dosage of anticoagulants.

Objective. To study the combination of the anticoagulant therapy and the drug Tivortin in patients with coronary artery disease with COVID-19.

Materials and methods. 28 patients with the cardiac ischemia of the exertion stenocardia functional class II-III with COVID-19 were examined. The patients were divided into the main and control groups. One of the groups, in addition to the anticoagulant therapy Clexan 2 times 0.6 mg, have taken the drug Tivortin, manufactured by “Yuria-Pharm” (Ukraine), containing L-arginine (4.2 mg).

Results. The therapy with the use of the nitrate oxide donors in combination with the anticoagulants in the main group showed an increase in exercise tolerance, in the SpO2 level, i.e., a decrease in hypoxia in the main group compared with the control group.

Conclusions. The addition of Tivortin to the therapy of anticoagulants that inhibit the activity of the blood coagulation system may increase the chances of survival of patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
Pendampingan Siswa dalam Bidang Keterampilan dan Ekstrakurikuler di Panti Asuhan Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Rahmaniati Rita
Published: October 2020

The problem that often occurs today is the lack of skills possessed by students. During this time students are required to excel cognitively and are less aware of the importance of having hand skills and following extracurricular activities. Through the assistance of hand skills, making crafts from simple materials can improve an independent and creative person. Through extracurricular activities of mentoring in the field of religion (call to prayer) and mentoring using Microsoft word helps students prepare themselves to face the development of science and technology very quickly, train students to communicate in writing, and be able to improve religious values. The targets in this service are children/students in the Orphanage in Palangkaraya City. Community service activities are carried out from November to December 2019 at the Ayah dan Bunda Orphanage, the Trans Kalimantan Road, and Berkah Orphanage, G.Obos XXIV. The implementation of this service received positive responses from the participants with high enthusiasm. There is still a need to do similar, more innovative service activities on an ongoing basis to shape personality according to these goals. This community service still needs to be carried out similar activities continuously to get personality according to these goals.
Prospective Evaluation of Spent Sulfuric Acid Recovery by Process Simulation
Authors: Várnai Krisztina , Petri László , Nagy Lajos
Published: October 2020

This study presents the steady-state simulation and optimization with regard to the recovery of spent sulfuric acid. Our purpose was to prove the utility of process simulation in terms of designing with special materials using energy-efficient methods. Process simulation is used in order to compare technological variants, analyze technological problems that occur as well as optimize the process. In this investigation three concentration processes are compared: azeotropic distillation and multiple-effect evaporation both in co-current and counter-current modes. The main aspects of the comparison are energy consumption and heat efficiency. Process simulation is an adequate tool for analyzing the thermal decomposition of sulfuric acid, the presence of sulfuric acid in the vapor fraction, and the costs of applying a third agent. Here, three models and a simulation-based prospective evaluation of energy consumption and the economy are presented. It is shown that the process of azeotropic distillation consumes an extremely large amount of thermal energy which seems to be more than that consumed by single-effect evaporation, while triple-effect evaporation in the counter-current mode was found to be the most thermally efficacious.
Enflasyon ve Dolaylı Vergiler Arasındaki Bağlantı: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: AKDUĞAN Umut
Published: October 2020

Dolaylı vergiler ile enflasyon arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen teorik ve ampirik çalışmalar, bu değişkenlerin karşılıklı olarak birbirini etkileyebileceğine ilişkin kanıtlar sunmaktadır. Genel olarak, bu çift yönlü ilişkinin enflasyondan dolaylı vergilere doğru olan kısmını, enflasyonist bir sürecin vergi matrahı üzerindeki etkisi açıklamaktadır. Diğer taraftan, dolaylı vergilerin enflasyon üzerindeki etkisi ise, vergi oranlarındaki değişmelerin fiyatları değiştirmesinden kaynaklanmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de enflasyon ve dolaylı vergiler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisinin araştırılması ve enflasyonun azaltılmasında bir maliye politikası aracı olarak dolaylı vergilerin etkin olup olmadığının belirlenmesidir. Bu doğrultuda; Türkiye’de 2004-2019 dönemi aylık verileri kullanılarak, enflasyon oranları ile dolaylı vergi gelirleri arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi, VAR modellerine dayalı olarak gerçekleştirilen Granger ve Toda-Yamamoto (1995) nedensellik testleriyle araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular; dolaylı vergi gelirleri ile üretici fiyat endeksi (ÜFE) arasında herhangi bir nedensellik ilişkisinin olmadığını, tüketici fiyat endeksi (TÜFE)’den dolaylı vergi gelirlerine doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca ARDL-Sınır testi sonucu, TÜFE ile dolaylı vergi gelirleri arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki olduğunu ve bu ilişkinin negatif olduğunu göstermektedir. Diğer bir ifadeyle; incelenen dönemde enflasyon oranındaki bir artışın dolaylı vergi gelirlerinin reel değerini azalttığı görülmüştür.
Yönetici Desteğinin İşe Adanmışlık Üzerindeki Etkisinde Psikolojik Sahiplenmenin Aracı Rolü
Authors: KARA Ergün , KAYA Attila
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı yönetici desteğinin işe adanmışlık üzerindeki etkisinde psikolojik sahiplenmenin aracılık rolünün araştırılmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Balıkesir ve Çanakkale illerindeki seyahat acentelerinde çalışan toplam 245 katılımcıdan anket aracılığıyla veri toplanmıştır. Çalışmada öncelikle değişkenler arasındaki ilişkiyi ele alan araştırmalar incelenmiş ve bu doğrultuda hipotezler oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen veriler ışığında, SPSS ve AMOS programları kullanılarak araştırma hipotezleri sınanmıştır. Ölçek geçerliliği için doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) yapılarak, değişkenler arası ilişkiler tespit edilmiş ve yapısal eşitlik modeli (YEM) ile modelin uyum iyiliği testleri ve regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Aracılık rolünü test edebilmek için ise dolaylı etkilerin anlamlılığına bakılmış ve bunun için boostrap yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizlerde, yönetici desteğinin işe adanmışlık ve psikolojik sahiplenme değişkenlerini pozitif yönde anlamlı olarak etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Aracılık analizi neticesinde ise psikolojik sahiplenmenin yönetici desteği ile işe adanmışlık arasındaki ilişkide kısmi aracılık rolü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın alan yazınına teorik ve pratik olarak katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın gelecekte yapılacak olan çalışmalara ve uygulayıcılara ışık tutması yönünde çeşitli önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Hastane Çalışanlarına Göre Yöneticilerin Çatışma Çözme Stratejileri
Authors: ÇAĞATAY Altuğ , ARSLAN Ümit
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışmada, Elazığ şehir hastanesinde görev yapan sağlık çalışanlarının, bağlı oldukları yöneticilerin kullandıkları çatışma çözme stratejileri hakkında düşüncelerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada Rahim, M. Afzalur tarafından geliştirilmiş ROCI-II olarak isimlendirilen ve 28 maddeden oluşan çatışma yönetim stratejileri ölçeği kullanılmış olup, ölçme aracının güvenirliği 0.87 olarak bulunmuştur. Araştırma hastanedeki 158 kişiye uygulanmış, 134 anket değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Verilerin normal dağılıma uyması sebebiyle t testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi yapılmıştır. Hastane çalışanlarının demografik özellikleri ile bağlı oldukları yöneticilerine ilişkin çatışma çözme strateji algıları arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Hastane çalışanlarının cinsiyeti ve unvanı ile yöneticilerin çatışma çözme stratejileri alt boyutları algıları arasındaki ilişki anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Buna göre hastane çalışanlarının yöneticileri hakkındaki çatışma çözme stratejilerine yönelik algısı x̅=3.03 değeri ile orta düzeydedir. Kadın çalışanların yöneticileri hakkındaki çatışma yönetimi algısı (x̅=3.11) olup, erkek çalışanların algısından daha yüksektir (x̅=2,95). Unvana göre sekreterler ve hemşireler ile diğer meslek grupları arasındaki fark anlamlıdır. Hastane çalışanlarına göre yöneticilerinin kullandıkları çatışma çözme stratejileri sırası ile; hükmetme (x̅=3.18), kaçınma (x̅=3.09), bütünleştirme (x̅=3.03), uzlaşma (x̅=2.98) ve uyma (x̅=2,90) çatışma çözme stratejileridir. Hastane çalışanlarına göre kadın yöneticiler en çok bütünleştirme (x̅=3.11), erkek yöneticiler (x̅=3.19) ise hükmetme stratejisini kullanmaktadırlar. Araştırmaya katılanların yaş ve hizmet yılı arttıkça yöneticileri hakkındaki çatışma çözme stratejisi algı ortalamaları da artış göstermiştir.
Notes and News vol. 44(1)
Authors: Hoque Seikh Azimul
Published: October 2020

Abstract Not Available

Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (1) :70
Hypocalcemia in the Critically Ill Pediatric Patients: A Review
Authors: Hoque Md Shafiul , Mohammad Yusuf Mir , Ahmed ASM Nawshad Uddin , Alam Md Jahangir
Published: October 2020

Hypocalcemia is common in the critically ill pediatric patients. However, the diagnosis of hypocalcemia in this population is complicated by interpretation of the total plasma calcium concentration. These limitations are principally the result of the effects of hypoalbuminemia and disorders of acid-base balance on the total calcium concentration. Thus, measurement of ionized calcium can be critical in determining an individual’s true serum calcium status. In this review, we first described the regulation of normal calcium metabolism and then focus on the various etiologies of hypocalcemia, which are encountered in the pediatric critical care settings. The approach to the treatment of hypocalcemia and the current consensus on treatment of hypocalcemia in the critically ill pediatric patient is also presented.

DS (Child) H J 2019; 35(2) : 156-161
Rigetto anticorpo-mediato nel trapianto di rene: fisiopatologia, clinica e terapia
Authors: Tsalouchos Aris , Salvadori Maurizio
Published: October 2020

Introduction. Over the past two decades, our thinking has changed from considering rejection as primarily a T-cell mediated process to the realization that insufficient control of the humoral arm of a recipient’s immune system is the factor primarily responsible for the allograft dysfunction and loss. Acute Antibody Mediated Rejection (ABMR) in kidney transplantation is a severe complication that frequently occurs after transplantation and is due either to pre-transplant Donor Specific Antibodies (DSAs) or to de novo DSAs. New techniques to detect DSAs in the recipient serum and advances in the assessment of graft pathology have allowed us to recognize this entity in recent years.

Methods. The treatment of ABMR is a multistep process consisting in the desensitization of the patients with preformed antibodies to prevent acute ABMR: in case of acute ABMR, the antibodies are removed from the serum and anti-B cells immunosuppressants are used.

Results and Discussion. Along with our knowledge on acute ABMR, a distinct entity has been recognized: the chronic AMBR. Chronic ABMR is a frequent cause of late graft dysfunction and is characterized by a typical histopathologic feature. The treatment is often difficult and new drugs are now tested to control the disease.
Ecological sufism concepts in the thought of Seyyed Hossein Nasr
Authors: Sururi Ahmad , Kuswanjono Arqom , Utomo Agus Himmawan
Published: October 2020

Seyyed Hossein Nasr, one of the Islamic thinkers who have a serious concern and deep concern over the occurrence of the ecological crisis. Forest destruction, pollution, water, and air are clear examples that can be seen in life today. According to him, the root of the problem lies in humans as actors, who have lost their sense of awe and concern for themselves and the universe. Such a state is the result of eroding the awareness of the holy. So that for him the ecological crisis is the result of a spiritual crisis. Therefore, the question arises, what is Nasr's attitude about the ecological crisis and his spirituality? How is the concept of ecological Sufism in his thinking? By examining his thoughts, and his works, researchers will analyze with a philosophical approach to answer these problems. This study states, as a result of its findings, that the concept of ecological Sufism is the relationship between Sufism and ecological values by looking at problems in the environmental crisis. Awareness of Sufism-spirituality has an important role in addressing the ecological crisis. The concept of ecological Sufism is an alternative thought to answer the problem of the ecological crisis and the spiritual crisis in modern humans.
Perfil epidemiológico das gestantes com sífilis no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Câmara Lívia de Souza , Moreira Ana Paula Assunção , Felix Vanessa Curitiba , Monnerat Isabela da Costa , Silva Leila Rangel da , Teixeira Selma Villas Boas , Rocha Cristiane Rodrigues da
Published: October 2020

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico das gestantes diagnosticadas com sífilis no município do Rio de Janeiro (2009–2018). Metodologia: Estudo epidemiológico, descritivo e retrospectivo transversal, realizado na Plataforma on-line do Ministério da Saúde, Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). Os dados referentes a sífilis em gestante do município do Rio de Janeiro advêm da série histórica 2009–2018 e foram analisadas as variáveis: faixa etária, raça e escolaridade. Para organização dos dados foi utilizado o Microsoft® Excel. Resultados: Observou-se um crescente constante nas taxas de detecção de sífilis em gestante, o que atribui não somente a multiplicação do número de casos, mas também ao aumento nos registros da vigilância epidemiológica. Evidenciou-se que mulheres pardas com baixo grau de escolaridade estão mais susceptíveis a contaminação pelo Treponema pallidum. Conclusão: A taxa de detecção vem aumentando progressivamente a cada ano, tornando necessária a adoção de medidas de educação em saúde e garantia adequada da assistência no que tange a testagem e tratamento da sífilis, visando a redução dos casos notificáveis e consequentemente a contaminação de gestantes e transmissão vertical.
Redução de nutrientes da vinhaça por microalgas Chlorella vulgaris
Authors: Forti Juliane C. , Lanza Maria Gabriela D. B. , Ferreira Matheus S. , Souza Rafael R. de , Uribe Raul A. M. , Santos Felipe A. dos
Published: October 2020

As indústrias sucroalcooleras são as responsáveis pela produção de etanol e açúcar, contudo um subproduto é gerado em grande quantidade nessa produção, a vinhaça que possui alto poder poluente e alto valor fertilizante.  Grande parte da vinhaça é usada na fertirrigação, entretanto, as usinas têm encontrado dificuldades de destino da mesma devido à saturação do solo após um período de utilização. Nesta saturação do solo destaca-se a grande concentração de alguns nutrientes, principalmente do potássio, que pode prejudicar o crescimento vegetal devido ao desequilíbrio de nutrientes. O objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar o tratamento da vinhaça proveniente de uma usina sucroalcooleira com a utilização de microalgas Chlorella vulgaris (Kessler & Huss, 1992), visando reduzir alguns nutrientes presentes, principalmente o potássio, a fim de garantir um melhor reaproveitamento deste na fertirrigação dos canaviais. Os resultados mostraram a eficiência do tratamento usando microalgas na redução das concentrações de potássio, sódio e cálcio. Estas reduções fazem com que a vinhaça possua uma maior disponibilidade para ser utilizada na fertirrigação nos canaviais da própria empresa que, consequentemente, acaba reduzindo os gastos com a compra de fertilizantes minerais, fechando assim um ciclo ecológico de produção e reutilização do próprio resíduo gerado.
Espiritualidade e Religiosidade no contexto da integralidade da assistência: reflexões sobre o cuidado integral em saúde e enfermagem
Authors: Brandão Juliana de Lima , Gomes Antonio Marcos Tosoli , Mota Diego Bonfante , Thiengo Priscila Cristina da Silva , Fleury Mariana Luiza de Oliveira , Dib Rachel Verdan , Santos Charles Souza , Spezani Renê dos Santos
Published: October 2020

Espiritualidade e religiosidade apresentam potencial para mobilizar conhecimentos específicos e influenciar a forma dos indivíduos vivenciarem a saúde e a doença, agregando à Enfermagem, novos modelos de cuidado e respeitando-se as políticas de saúde vigentes. O objetivo deste artigo é refletir acerca das dimensões da espiritualidade e da religiosidade na integralidade da assistência com vistas à apreensão de um cuidado integral em saúde e enfermagem. Trata-se de artigo de reflexão, para o qual foi realizada uma busca por produções que versassem sobre o tema na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e na Pubmed. Assim, foi organizado em dois blocos temáticos: espiritualidade, religiosidade e o cuidado de enfermagem; e a integralidade da assistência como base para o cuidado integral em saúde e de enfermagem no contexto das dimensões da espiritualidade e da religiosidade. Observa-se que a abordagem da espiritualidade e da religiosidade (E/R), encontra solo fértil no âmbito da saúde, onde se almeja consumar a integralidade enquanto princípio norteador do SUS e, simultaneamente, a promoção de um cuidado integral. De igual modo, a integralidade da assistência em saúde é abrangente, profunda e complexa, ao definir a maneira como o paciente ou usuário do sistema de saúde deve ser tratado, isto é, como um todo.  Estes não são assuntos recentes e nem antagônicos para a área da saúde e a enfermagem, sendo, nesse sentido, importante investir esforços para a produção de novos estudos e para que efetivamente, possam integrar a formação e a prática cotidiana dos profissionais.
Análise da aprendizagem de densidade da matéria em uma aula investigativa no Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Gutmann Ana Paula , Rocha Zenaide de Fátima Dante Correia , Arruda Sergio de Mello
Published: October 2020

O conteúdo de Densidade da matéria é ministrado no 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental com o intuito de introduzir os jovens estudantes na disciplina de química, apresentando as principais propriedades presente em toda matéria, como massa e volume. Por referir-se a um conteúdo relativamente novo para os estudantes, a metodologia investigativa pode ser uma forma de engajá-los no processo de aprendizagem. O presente artigo teve como objetivo analisar o processo de construção de conhecimentos relativos ao conceito de densidade da matéria, além de refletir sobre a aprendizagem procedimental potencializada por uma aula baseada no ensino por investigação. Por ser uma abordagem centrada no estudante, a metodologia de ensino por investigação torna o processo educativo mais participativo e dialógico, propiciando aos estudantes a construção do conhecimento científico.  De natureza qualitativa, esta proposta foi desenvolvida a partir de uma atividade aplicada em uma turma do Ensino Fundamental II, na cidade de Londrina, PR. Propôs-se aos estudantes o desenvolvimento e a divulgação do conteúdo explorado mediante relatórios descritivos da atividade. Os resultados mostram que a atividade investigativa favoreceu o aprendizado dos conceitos de densidade da matéria, além de apresentarem indícios de aprendizagem procedimental durante o processo educativo, o que nos permite recomendar essa metodologia de ensino face ao desenvolvimento do protagonismo do aluno na construção de seu conhecimento.
Estudo da capacidade de carga dos principais ambientes turísticos do Município de Pedra Bela–SP
Authors: Rhormens Claudia Parra , Saad Antônio Roberto , Dalmas Fabricio Bau
Published: October 2020

A crescente busca por atividades recreativas em ambientes naturais tem ocasionado a necessidade de planejamento e gestão da atividade turística, a fim de propor um turismo ordenado, em que os danos e impactos causados aos locais de visitação sejam mínimos, tornando o turismo mais sustentável. Nesse contexto, o cálculo da Capacidade de Carga Turística é uma importante ferramenta para o planejamento e a gestão do turismo, pois possibilita ao gestor fazer, dentre outras ações, a definição de indicadores e o manejo das áreas onde haverá visitação. A área de estudo desta pesquisa é o complexo do Santuário de Nossa Senhora Aparecida, localizado no Município de Pedra Bela, São Paulo. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi calcular o índice de capacidade de carga turística dos atrativos que fazem parte deste Santuário, com o intuito de se determinar se as atividades desenvolvidas nessas áreas ultrapassam ou não esse índice. A metodologia foi composta pela aplicação do método Cifuentes na área do Santuário e campanhas de trabalho de campo. O método Cifuentes estabelece a melhor metodologia para as áreas em questão, pois permite a integração de fatores físicos, bióticos e de manejo, por meio dos cálculos de capacidade de carga física, efetiva e real. Concluiu-se que as áreas estudadas não excedem sua Capacidade de Carga Turística e que existe uma preocupação aos impactos ambientais por parte dos gestores públicos, quando em eventos que podem obter uma eventual sobrecarga de visitantes.
Geometric morphometric analyses define riverine and lacustrine species flocks of Himalayan snowtrout (Cyprinidae: Schizothorax) in Nepal
Authors: Regmi B , Douglas MR , Edds DR , Douglas ME
Published: October 2020

Freshwater fishes in the river and lake systems in the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau are morphologically diverged but the evolutionary relationship of putative subspecies separated in these freshwater systems has not been explored. Snowtrout(Schizothoraxspp.) are minnows (Cyprinidae) broadly distributed in Asia. Body shapes of 3 Lake Rara (northwest Nepal) endemics (S. macrophthalmus,S. nepalensis,S. raraensis) and 2 widely distributed riverine species (S. progastus,S. richardsonii) across 3 drainages in Nepal (i.e. Karnali, Gandaki, and Koshi Rivers) were studied using geometric morphometry. Data were derived from museum voucher specimens/tissues collected in 1984-1986 and 1996 (Lake Rara). Cartesian coordinates of 18 anatomical points (Type I landmarks) from 528 individuals were digitized; shape variation was then quantified with principal component analysis and visualized with thin-plate splines derived from a Procrustes analysis. Models of shape variation (i.e. taxonomy versus geography) were tested with a multivariate analysis of variance and a morphological distance matrix. Phylogeographic relationships were examined with a haplotype network (N= 115) derived from 1140 base pairs of the mitochondrial DNA cytochromebgene, and selected GenBank sequences (N = 5). Koshi River snowtrout diverged morphologically from conspecifics, consistent with the phylogeographic data. In contrast, Gandaki and Karnali River snowtrout grouped by morphotype (up- versus downstream) irrespective of geographic origin, yet clustered separately within the haplotype network. Lake Rara snowtrout were morphologically but not genetically distinct, due to incomplete lineage sorting. Morphological and genetic variability inSchizothoraxfrom Nepal represent a mosaic driven by isolation (= vicariance) and specialization (= adaptation), with taxonomy insufficiently reflecting diversity. Additional data are required to appropriately derive management and effective conservation plans.
Nanopore whole genome sequencing and partitioned phylogenetic analysis supports a new salmonid alphavirus genotype (SAV7)
Authors: Tighe AJ , Gallagher MD , Carlsson J , Matejusova I , Swords F , Macqueen DJ , Ruane NM
Published: October 2020

Salmon pancreas disease virus, more commonly known as salmonid alphavirus (SAV), is a single-stranded positive sense RNA virus and the causative agent of pancreas disease and sleeping disease in salmonids. In this study, a unique strain of SAV previously isolated from ballan wrasse was subjected to whole genome sequencing using nanopore sequencing. In order to accurately examine the evolutionary history of this strain in comparison to other SAV strains, a partitioned phylogenetic analysis was performed to account for variation in the rate of evolution for both individual genes and codon positions. Partitioning the genome alignments almost doubled the observed branch lengths in the phylogenetic tree when compared to the more common approach of applying one model of substitution across the genome and significantly increased the statistical fit of the best-fitting models of nucleotide substitution. Based on the genomic data, a valid case can be made for the viral strain examined in this study to be considered a new SAV genotype. In addition, this study adds to a growing number of studies in which SAV has been found to infect non-salmonid fish, and as such we have suggested that the viral species name be amended to the more inclusive ‘piscine alphavirus’.
The Effects of Aerial Spraying of Coca Crops on Child Labor, School Attendance, and Educational Lag in Colombia, 2008-2012
Authors: Rodriguez Claudia
Published: October 2020

Since 1999, one of the main strategies the Colombian government has used to mitigate coca cultivation is to spray the crops with herbicide, which is carried out from airplanes. This paper evaluates the consequences of this strategy for rural households in areas where coca is cultivated, specifically the effects of aerial spraying on child labor and education. Since the areas where spraying takes place are fundamentally different from those where it does not, I use a two-stage least squares model, instrumenting for aerial eradication with the number of days high-speed winds in the municipality made spraying difficult. These were days in which the wind was one standard deviation above the municipality's monthly average. This corrects for possible sources of endogeneity due to selection bias. The results of this study show that aerial spraying was associated with a one percentage point increase in the likelihood that children ages 12-17 would work instead of going to school. Crop spraying was further associated with a 0.15 percentage point increase in the probability that older siblings in families living in a coca-growing area would fall behind in school, and a five percentage point increase in the probability that younger siblings would drop out of school. Thus, the findings of this research, based on data that cover the period from 2008 to 2012, suggest that the war on drugs has the potential to generate new barriers to educational access for children who live in areas where aerial spraying occurs.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON APPLICATION OF MARBLE WASTE AS CONVENTIONAL AGGREGATE FOR BASE COURSE MATERIALS
Authors: Gonfa Lami Gonfa , Tucay Quezon Emer Tucay Quezon , Geremew Anteneh
Published: October 2020

Recently, highway and construction industries utilize a substantial quantity of conventional aggregates. The increasing demands for conventional aggregate cause an increase in the cost of construction, reduction of natural resource, and continuing deterioration of the earth's surface. On the other hand, the waste generated from the marble industries during the process of cutting and polishing was increasing day by day all over the world. In Ethiopia, the use of Marble Waste Aggregate materials in road construction as a base course material was not well-known, and it was simply wasted at every place where the marble production was continuing. Therefore, this paper focused on evaluating the possibility of using marble waste aggregate as conventional aggregate in the base course layer of flexible pavements by experimental method. To achieve the objectives of the research, mechanical stabilization and laboratory tests have been carried out at different percentage replacement of Conventional Aggregate by (0%, 20%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 80%, and 100%) of Marble Waste Aggregate weights. Marble wastes materials are collected from Burayyu city, Alisha marble processing industry. The laboratory test results for MWA indicated SG, ACV, AIV, LAA, Flakiness Index , Elongation Index, Plastic Index, Water Absorption, and CBR of 2.74%, 23.63%, 26.21%, 27.03%, 26.48%, 13.29%, Non Plastic, 0.50% and 73.3%, respectively. These test results fulfilled the ERA standard specification for some tests, and it showed marginal quality values to the standard specification for GB2 and GB3 base course materials. CBR and gradation test results shown failure to meet the standard specification. Thus, mechanical stabilization was done to improve the mechanical and physical properties of Marble Waste Aggregate. Blending of 80%MWA with 20% CA results in SG, ACV, AIV, LAA, Flakiness Index, Elongation Index, Plastic Index, Water Absorption, and CBR of 2.83%, 18.2%, 21.52%, 22.58%, 23.79%, 16.29%, Non Plastic, 0.80%,and 82.5% respectively. At this proportion the gradation also observed to fit with the required ERA standard specification of GB2 and GB3 materials. Therefore, the use of marble waste aggregate up to 80% by weight is recommended for road base course layer, when it is found near to the construction site and in places where the materials are abundantly available.
Föräldrars föreställningar om barn och barnomsorg
Authors: Persson Sven
Published: October 2020

I denna artikel vill jag utveckla några aspekter från min avhandling om föräldrars föreställningar om barn och barnomsorg. Föräldrars föreställningar tolkas här i en samhällelig och historisk kontext av strukturella förändringar som påverkat föräldrarnas vardagliga praxis. Framför allt har mödrarnas förvärvsarbete och den offentliga barnomsorgens utbyggnad setts som betydelsefulla strukturella faktorer.
Invandrarna i pensionssystemet
Authors: Ekberg Jan
Published: October 2020

Olika invandrargrupper är mycket ojämnt representerade i det svenska pensionssystemet. Delvis beror detta på skillnader i vistelsetid i landet och därmed på reglerna för att få tillgång till pension. Även bland invandrare med numera lång vistelsetid i landet finns dock stora variationer i andelen med pension vid given ålder. För vissa invandrargrupper förekom en kraftig inströmning i förtidspensionering under 1980-talet. Artikeln diskuterar möjliga orsaker till denna iakttagelse.
Complexity of the teaching-learning process of youth French-language literature
Authors: Belyasova Julia
Published: October 2020

This article first of all aims to better understand the notion of youth French-language literature. It then addresses some reflections on the place of literature in the education. The article is finally devoted to the disclosure of the particularities of the teaching of the French language in a multicultural context on the basis of the different ways of reading and the intercultural approach that ensures the study of the language with immersion in a different culture. We emphasize also the role of youth French-language literature in learning of French as a foreign language. Speaking about youth literature, we awoke its challenges, particularities, advantages and ambitions. The cultural and intercultural values of youth literature in the French as a foreign language class and the construction of a sense of literary work in an intercultural context take a very important place in a reading methodology.
Why photograph ballet or where ballet photographers come from
Authors: Stepanov Andrey
Published: October 2020

This paper focuses on the topic of ballet photography. An attempt was made to analyse the ratings of ballet photographers and title the most famous names. Ballet photography and possible paths for ballet photographers are discussed. In my reasoning, I took into account my example and experience. The article draws a simple and clear conclusion about who is interested in ballet photography and about the role of ballet photography in modern period.
Solution Merging in Matheuristics for Resource Constrained Job Scheduling
Authors: Thiruvady Dhananjay , Blum Christian , Ernst Andreas
Published: October 2020

Matheuristics have been gaining in popularity for solving combinatorial optimisation problems in recent years. This new class of hybrid method combines elements of both mathematical programming for intensification and metaheuristic searches for diversification. A recent approach in this direction has been to build a neighbourhood for integer programs by merging information from several heuristic solutions, namely construct, solve, merge and adapt (CMSA). In this study, we investigate this method alongside a closely related novel approach—merge search (MS). Both methods rely on a population of solutions, and for the purposes of this study, we examine two options: (a) a constructive heuristic and (b) ant colony optimisation (ACO); that is, a method based on learning. These methods are also implemented in a parallel framework using multi-core shared memory, which leads to improving the overall efficiency. Using a resource constrained job scheduling problem as a test case, different aspects of the algorithms are investigated. We find that both methods, using ACO, are competitive with current state-of-the-art methods, outperforming them for a range of problems. Regarding MS and CMSA, the former seems more effective on medium-sized problems, whereas the latter performs better on large problems.
Structural and Physicochemical Characterization of Chitosan Obtained by UAE and Its Effect on the Growth Inhibition of Pythium ultimum
Authors: Martín-López Héctor , Pech-Cohuo Soledad Cecilia , Herrera-Pool Emanuel , Medina-Torres Nelly , Cuevas-Bernardino Juan Carlos , Ayora-Talavera Teresa , Espinosa-Andrews Hugo , Ramos-Díaz Ana , Trombotto Stéphane , Pacheco Neith
Published: October 2020

The objective of this work was the recovery of chitosan by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) from white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) chitin, and the physicochemical and structural characterization of the obtained biopolymer, as well as its antimicrobial effect on Pythium ultimum growth. A 23 factorial design was used to evaluate chitosan extraction conditions. Instrumental analysis techniques for chitosan characterization and radial growth inhibition, as an antifungal activity test, were performed. The ultrasonically extracted chitosan (UC) reached a yield of 86.96% with 100% solubility, a degree of deacetylation (DDA) >78%, molecular weight (MW) of 3.928 × 105 g mol−1, and a crystallinity index (Icr) of 87%, calculated through nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The inhibitory activity of the chitosan was evaluated against the oomycete Pythium ultimum, observing a 93% radial inhibition over 24 h. UAE proved to be an excellent alternative to the conventional deacetylation, reducing reaction time and obtaining a UC with higher MW and (Icr) than the commercial one, which could potentiate its applications.