bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Investigation of Measurement Uncertainty of Coordinate Measuring
Machines (CMMs) by Comparative Analysis

Authors: Minix Jayson , Chapman Hans , Joshi Nilesh , Zargari Ahmad
Published: February 2018

Measurement uncertainty is one of the root causes of waste due to variation in
industrial manufacturing. This article establishes the impact of certain factors on
measurement uncertainty while using coordinate measurement machines as well as its
reduction through the usage of recognized Gage R&R methodology to include ANOVA.
Measurement uncertainty stemming from equipment and appraiser variation is identified
and ranked according to its degree of impact. A comparative analysis is conducted
showing how different CMMs of similar design can generate differing amounts of
measurement uncertainty. The approach set forth in this paper not only proves effective
with CMMs but can also be applied to other complex multivariate measurement
systems.
Flexible and Job-Embedded Professional Development for In-Service
Technology, Design, and Engineering Educators

Authors: Ernst Jeremy V. , Clark Aaron C. , Bowers Sharon W.
Published: February 2018

Technology, design, and engineering (TDE) education teachers have less access to
quality professional development than other Science, Technology, and Mathematics (STEM)
educators. To address this need, the Transforming Teaching through Implementing Inquiry
(T2I2) project created an online professional development system for TDE secondary
educators. The online professional learning experiences, defined by National Board for
Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS), reinforce and introduce instructional practices
that promote student learning. For this study, two groups of teachers, selected from
five states (Illinois, Kentucky, Ohio, North Carolina, and Virginia), completed the T2I2
curricular units and submitted artifacts/evidence of practice. Analysis of the
artifacts, using the non-parametric Wilcoxon-signed-ranks Test, provides evidence that
the teachers within the pilot studies demonstrated proficient abilities to manage,
monitor, and adjust learning environments; contribute to a learning community; and
increase their self-assessment following the completion of the curriculum. These results
led the authors to suggest further use of the learning platform with in-service teachers
in related STEM disciplines that face comparable pedagogical challenges.
Computer Science and Technology and Engineering Education: A Content
Analysis of Standards and Curricular Resources

Authors: Love Tyler S. , Strimel Greg J.
Published: February 2018

Recently there has been overwhelming political and financial support to include
computer science (CS) in K-12 school curricula across the United States. With such
strong support for CS it has been questioned where the subject would be best situated in
already crowded K-12 curricula. Some have proposed integrating it within secondary level
technology and engineering (T&E) courses (Ernst & Clark, 2007, 2009; Wright,
Rich, & Leatham, 2012) or using CS courses in place of T&E education classes
(Maryland State Department of Education [MSDE], 2016). To better inform decisions
regarding CS in T&E education, this study used a multiple comparative case study
(Yin, 2014) to analyze the alignment of subconcepts from the K-12 CS Framework with
benchmarks from the International Technology and Engineering Educators Association’s
(ITEEA) Standards for Technological Literacy (STL). Additionally, a content analysis was
conducted to examine curricular resources that claimed to teach CS concepts while
addressing components of the STL’s designed world. The purpose of the study was to
investigate similarities and differences among both the CS and T&E standards and to
identify curricular resources that successfully addressed multiple STL while integrating
CS concepts. The findings revealed that there was limited alignment between the
computational thinking and programming-focused CS framework and the broader engineering
design and technology systems-focused STL. However, some curricular resources
successfully used CS concepts to address many standards from the designed world section
of the STL. From these findings, implications and recommendations for integrating CS
within T&E education were provided.
Investigation of Production-Induced Stress Changes for Infill-Well Stimulation in Eagle Ford Shale
Authors: Guo Xuyang , Wu Kan , Killough John
Published: February 2018

Heterogeneous stress has a great effect on fracture propagation and perforation-cluster efficiency of infill wells. Principal-stress reorientation induced by depletion of parent wells has been investigated by previous numerical studies assuming uniform biwing fracture geometry along the horizontal wells. However, recent field diagnostics indicate that fractures along the horizontal wells are generally nonuniformly developed. In this study, we investigated the impact of depletion of parent wells with complex fracture geometry on stress states, and analyzed stimulation efficiency of infill wells by using an in-house reservoir geomechanical model for Eagle Ford Shale.

The model fully couples multiphase flow and rock deformation in three dimensions based on the finite-element method, incorporating complex fracture geometry and heterogeneity. We used this model to accurately characterize pressure distribution and to update stress states through history matching production data of parent wells in Eagle Ford Shale. Depletion of parent wells with nonuniform fracture geometries, which has not been researched thoroughly in the literature, is incorporated in the study. Results show that magnitude and orientation of principal stresses are greatly altered by depletion, and the alteration is uneven because of nonuniform fracture geometries. Stress reversal monitored at the center of the infill location starts after 1 year of production, and it takes another 8 months to be totally reversed for 90°. We also performed sensitivity studies to examine effects of parameters on changes of magnitude and orientation of stress at the infill location, and found that effects of bottomhole pressure (BHP), differential stress (DS), and fracture geometry of parent wells are all significant, whereas effects of the reservoir elastic property are limited. Effects of production time of parent wells are also noticeable in all sensitivity studies. This work analyzes stress-state change induced by depletion of parent wells in Eagle Ford Shale, and provides critical insights into the optimization for stimulation of infill wells.
Are We Culturally Corrupt? Revisiting the Relationship between Cultural Dimensions And Corruption Perception Index
Authors: Soeharto Indra , Nugroho Nugroho
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThis research aims to revisit the relationship between two cultural dimensions index (masculinity and power distance) and corruption – as indicated in the Corruption Perception Index (CPI). Two hypotheses were proposed: An increase in the masculinity index increases corruption and an increase in the power distance index increases corruption. Using the latest CPI data from 2012 to 2016 of 67 countries, this research found that the increase in masculinity does not significantly increase corruption. Meanwhile, it is noticed that the increase in power distance significantly increases corruption. Better understanding on such relationship will provide valuable input on how cultural approach is important to fine tune the design of corruption eradication strategy, particularly in Indonesia.At the end, proper strategy will contribute the improvement of Indonesia’s CPI, which will eventually improving Indonesia’s business environment for the investo
GOOD SCHOOL GOVERNANCE IMPLEMENTATION THROUGH THE ESTABLISHMENT OF INTERNAL CONTROL UNIT
Authors: Rizky Maulana , Setiti Sri , Nicky Monry Fraick
Published: February 2018

This article describes the phenomenon of fraud occurring due to weak internal control system. Based on a study conducted by the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE), one of the major causes of fraud is lack of internal control, or 29%, and override of existing internal control, or 20%. (ACFE, 2016). The phenomenon of fraud is still verycommon in Indonesia. Poor organizational governance is also part of the major causes of fraud. Corruption in Indonesia has spread to all sectors, including the education sector. There are many cases of corruption occurring in schools involving principals, treasurers, and teachers. The world of education in Indonesia is severely tarnished by the involvement of teachers in several cases of fraud. If this continues, the world of education will no longer be a role model. Improved organizational governance is necessary for early detection of fraud. This is intended to save Indonesia, especially education sector. The establishment of Internal Control Unit in schools is crucial because the Internal Control Unit serves not only as the implementation of good school governance but also as a tool to prevent fraud at schools.
THE PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION RISK THROUGH THE IMPROVEMENT OF OPEN SELECTION SYSTEM FOR TOP LEADERSHIP POSITION IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Authors: Aziz Abdul
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACTThrough the Regulation of the Minister of State Apparatus Empowerment (Permenpan) no 13 of 2014, the government has changed and imposed a new system in the placement of the top leadership position by applying an open promotion system. However, this system is still considered providing space for the risk of corruption, especially in local governments. The main purpose of this study is to review the rules underlying the implementation of open promotion in local government and provide an idea for the improvement of this system. This study uses a qualitative approach in which the data collection is conducted through interviews, observations and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the procedures and mechanisms of the implementation of open promotion for the top leadership position in local governments still provide spaces for corruption, such as in the formation of selection committees, mechanisms in determining the selection results, and monitoring and evaluation mechanisms. In addition, it is necessary to integrate the implementation of promotion of the top leadership positions, both in central and in local governments. In conclusion, a number of inputs that can be put forward include the enhancement of the function of the State Civil Service Commission (better known in Indonesia as KASN) in monitoring the implementation of open promotion of top leadership position in local government. As a preventive measure, the implementation of open promotion can be developed through electronic systems.
Reservoir operation based on evolutionary algorithms and multi-criteria decision-making under climate change and uncertainty
Authors: Ehteram Mohammad , Mousavi Sayed Farhad , Karami Hojat , Farzin Saeed , Singh Vijay P. , Chau Kwok-wing , El-Shafie Ahmed
Published: February 2018

This study investigated reservoir operation under climate change for a base period (1981–2000) and future period (2011–2030). Different climate change models, based on A2 scenario, were used and the HAD-CM3 model, considering uncertainty, among other climate change models was found to be the best model. For the Dez basin in Iran, considered as a case study, the climate change models predicted increasing temperature from 1.16 to 2.5°C and decreasing precipitation for the future period. Also, runoff volume for the basin would decrease and irrigation demand for the downstream consumption would increase for the future period. A hybrid framework (optimization-climate change) was used for reservoir operation and the bat algorithm was used for minimization of irrigation deficit. A genetic algorithm and a particle swarm algorithm were selected for comparison with the bat algorithm. The reliability, resiliency, and vulnerability indices, based on a multi-criteria model, were used to select the base method for reservoir operation. Results showed the volume of water to be released for the future period, based on all evolutionary algorithms used, was less than for the base period, and the bat algorithm with high-reliability index and low vulnerability index performed better among other evolutionary algorithms.
Wavelet-based analysis of global index effects in air temperature and precipitation data of the Black Sea coast
Authors: Partal Turgay , Sezen Cenk
Published: February 2018

This study has been carried out to analyse the precipitation and air temperature data in the Black Sea region of Turkey to aid the understanding of the effects of global indices. Connections between the temperature or precipitation data and global atmospheric indices such as the North Sea Caspian Pattern (NCP), the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) or the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) were studied. Results of the cross-correlations between air temperature and the NCP/NAO showed a strong relationship, especially in the winter period. The seasonal and annual differences for the temperature and precipitation data during the negative and positive phases of the global indices were computed. According to this, the annual total precipitations are higher during the positive NCP index than the negative NCP index, while the annual total precipitations are higher during the negative NAO index than the positive NAO index. On the other hand, wavelet analysis showed that some short-term periodicities in precipitation and temperature data are connected with the NAO and the extreme phases of the SOI. The influence of the NCP should also be considered for the short-term periodicities of the temperatures.
Hydrologic responses to climate change using downscaled GCM data on a watershed scale
Authors: Chen Chao , Kalra Ajay , Ahmad Sajjad
Published: February 2018

The changing climate has raised significant concerns for water resources, especially on a watershed scale. In this study, the downscaled global circulation model (GCM) products were further bias corrected and evaluated for the period of 1981–2099. Driven by the bias-corrected products, a calibrated Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) model was used to assess long-term hydrologic responses in the Lehman Creek watershed, eastern Nevada. The results of this study show: (1) the Parameter–elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) products offer a reliable replacement for limited observations for bias correction using quantile mapping (QM) technique; (2) average increases of 2.3 °C, 2.2 °C, and 35.1 mm in maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and precipitation by the end of century; (3) an annual streamflow increase of 7.6–11.6% with greatest increases in April and greatest decreases in June; (4) 20 days' earlier shift in annual peak flow – as indicated by the date of winter-spring center of volume – by the end of the century. For management of local water resources, this study provides a better understanding of variations in the streamflow rate and timing to a potential climate change in the study area as well as corresponding uncertainties in the estimation processes.
Abundance and community structure of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in activated sludge from different geographic regions in China
Authors: He Rujia , Zhao Dayong , Xu Huimin , Huang Rui
Published: February 2018

Detailed ecological information on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in activated sludge of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is very important to improve the efficiency of wastewater treatment. In this study, activated sludge samples were collected from seven municipal WWTPs located in seven cities in China, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), as well as construction of clone libraries combined with correlation-based data analysis was performed. Further, the effect of geographic distribution and some water quality parameters on the ecological distribution of AOB in activated sludge from WWTPs were investigated. The geographic distribution, the influent concentration of total nitrogen (TN) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) had significant effects on the abundance of AOB (P < 0.05). However, the community structure of AOB were not significantly affected by geographic distribution, but by water quality parameters including the concentrations of TN and NH4+-N. N. oligotropha lineage was the dominant AOB group in the wastewater treatment systems. The results obtained in this study provide useful information to understand some aspects of the ecological information and influencing factors of AOB in geographically distributed WWTPs.
Pengembangan model pembelajaran motorik kasar siswa taman kanak-kanak kelompok A
Authors: Pranoto Nuridin Widya
Published: February 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan model pembelajaran motorik kasar siswa TK kelompok A. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian pengembangan. langkah-langkahnya terdiri atas (1) potensi dan masalah, (2) pengumpulan data, (3) desain produk, (4) validasi desain, (5) revisi desain, (6) uji coba produk, (7) revisi produk, (8) uji coba pemakaian, dan (9) revisi produk. Penilaian kualitas produk melibatkan 3 orang ahli. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah petunjuk umum wawancara, catatan lapangan, lembar evaluasi, angket skala nilai validasi, rubrik penilaian siswa, pedoman observasi permainan, dan pedoman observasi keefektifan permainan. Hasil penelitian berupa model pembelajaran motorik kasar siswa TK kelompok A yang terdiri atas 10 permainan, yaitu: (1) permainan tebak hewan, (2) permainan ular mencari makan, (3) permainan lari citah, (4) permainan mencari hewan, (5) permainan mengambil hewan, (6) permainan loncat kangguru, (7) permainan lompat bangau, (8) permainan lubang tikus, (9) permainan ikan sapu-sapu, dan (10) permainan undur-undur yang telah di validasi oleh ahli dan guru.Kata Kunci: model, pembelajaran, motorik kasar, TK kelompok A Rough learning motor model development kindergarten student group AAbstrackThis research aims to produce a gross motor teaching model for group A kindergarten students. The study used research and development design. consisting the steps of (1) the potential and problems, (2) data collection, (3) product design, (4) validation of the design, (5) revision of the design, (6) product trials, (7) product revision, (8) utility testing, and (9) product revision. 3 Product quality assessment involving experts. The instruments used to collect the data were a general interview guide, field notes, evaluation sheets, questionnaire of validation of the value scale, student assessment rubric, game observation guide, and game effectiveness observation guide. The result of the research is a model of gross motor teaching of group A kindergarten students consisting of 10 games, namely: (1) animal guessing game, (2) foraging snake game, (3) run cheetah game, (4) seeking animal game, (5) taking animal game, (6) jumping kangaroo game, (7) jumping stork game, (8) rat hole game, (9) fish broom game, and (10) undur-undur game that have been validated by experts and teachers.Keywords: models, learning, gross motor skills, kindergarten group A
Model tes keterampilan dasar dan kondisi fisik untuk mengidentifikasi bakat calon atlet bolabasket
Authors: Iqroni David
Published: February 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun model keterampilan dasar dan kondisi fisik untuk mengidentifikasi bakat calon pebolabasket yang sahih dan handal berdasarkan karakteristik keberbakatan dalam cabang olahraga bolabasket. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan yang mengadaptasi beberapa langkah penelitian yang dikemukakan oleh Borg & Gall (2007: 590) sebagai berikut: (1) studi pendahuluan dan pengumpulan data, (2) perencanaan pelaksanaan penelitian, (3) pengembangan produk awal, (4) uji coba produk awal, (5) revisi untuk menyusun produk utama, (6) uji coba produk utama, (7) revisi untuk menyusun produk operasional, (8) uji coba produk operasional, (9) revisi produk akhir, (10) implementasi produk akhir. Uji coba produk awal dilakukan pada 40 anak. Uji coba produk utama dilakukan pada 124 anak. Uji coba produk operasional sebanyak 402 anak. Hasil penelitian dan pengembangan ini berupa model tes bakat untuk calon atlet bolabasket.. Model tes bakat dinyatakan layak digunakan karena memiliki tingkat validitas dan reliabilitas yang tinggi, dengan nilai rhitung lebih besar daripada nilai rtabel (0,195). Model tes bakat calon atlet bolabasket yang berupa skala penilaian (norma) yang dikemas dalam buku pedoman (modul) dapat digunakan sebagai pegangan para pelatih dan guru pendidikan jasmani dalam proses mengidentifikasi calon atlet dengan berbagai tingkat keberbakatan dan model tersebut efektif dan efisien.   A Model of Basic Skills and Physical Condition Tests for Identify Candidate Talent Basketball Players AbstractThis study aims to develop a model of basic skills and physical condition to identify prospective talent basketball players which, is valid and reliable based on the characteristics of giftedness in the sport basketball. This research is research and development adapting some measures proposed by Borg and Gall (2007: 590) including: (1) preliminary studies and data collection, (2) planning the implementation of the research, (3) the initial product development, (4 ) initial product trials, (5) a revision to compose the main products, (6) the main product trials, (7) a revision to draft operational products, (8) product testing operations, (9) the revision of the final product, (10) the implementation of the final product. The Initial product trials were conducted to 40 students. The main product trials were conducted to 124 students. Product testing was conducted to 402 students. The results of the research and development is in the form of an aptitude test models for basketball players. The aptitude test model is declared fit for use because it has a high degree of validity and reliability, with a value greater than r-table 0,195. The developed test model for prospective basketball players in the form of a scale of ratings (norm) is packed in the manual. It can be used as a manual for the coaches and physical education teachers in the process of identifying candidates for athletes with different levels of giftedness and the model is effective and efficient.
Software for Administering the National Cancer Institute�s Patient-Reported Outcomes Version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events: Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Schoen Martin W , Basch Ethan , Hudson Lori L , Chung Arlene E , Mendoza Tito R , Mitchell Sandra A , St. Germain Diane , Baumgartner Paul , Sit Laura , Rogak Lauren J , Shouery Marwan , Shalley Eve , Reeve Bryce B , Fawzy Maria R , Bhavsar Nrupen A , Cleeland Charles , Schrag Deborah , Dueck Amylou C , Abernethy Amy P
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND

The US National Cancer Institute (NCI) developed software to gather symptomatic adverse events directly from patients participating in clinical trials. The software administers surveys to patients using items from the Patient-Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) through Web-based or automated telephone interfaces and facilitates the management of survey administration and the resultant data by professionals (clinicians and research associates).

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to iteratively evaluate and improve the usability of the PRO-CTCAE software.

METHODS

Heuristic evaluation of the software functionality was followed by semiscripted, think-aloud protocols in two consecutive rounds of usability testing among patients with cancer, clinicians, and research associates at 3 cancer centers. We conducted testing with patients both in clinics and at home (remotely) for both Web-based and telephone interfaces. Furthermore, we refined the software between rounds and retested.

RESULTS

Heuristic evaluation identified deviations from the best practices across 10 standardized categories, which informed initial software improvement. Subsequently, we conducted user-based testing among 169 patients and 47 professionals. Software modifications between rounds addressed identified issues, including difficulty using radio buttons, absence of survey progress indicators, and login problems (for patients) as well as scheduling of patient surveys (for professionals). The initial System Usability Scale (SUS) score for the patient Web-based interface was 86 and 82 (P=.22) before and after modifications, respectively, whereas the task completion score was 4.47, which improved to 4.58 (P=.39) after modifications. Following modifications for professional users, the SUS scores improved from 71 to 75 (P=.47), and the mean task performance improved significantly (4.40 vs 4.02; P=.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Software modifications, informed by rigorous assessment, rendered a usable system, which is currently used in multiple NCI-sponsored multicenter cancer clinical trials.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01031641; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01031641 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/708hTjlTl)
How is �hearing loss� and �hearing aid(s)� represented in the United States newspaper media? (Preprint)
Authors: Manchaiah Vinaya , Ratinaud Pierre , Beukes Eldre
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUND

News media plays an important role in formulating peoples knowledge and opinions about various aspects including health.

OBJECTIVE

The current study explored how “hearing loss” and “hearing aid(s)” are represented in United States newspaper media.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study design was selected to analyze publicly available newspaper media data. The data sets were generated from the database, the U.S. Major Dailies by ProQuest by searching the key words for newspapers published during 1990-2017. Cluster analysis (i.e., text pattern analysis) and Chi square tests were performed using Iramuteq software.

RESULTS

The hearing loss data set had 1,527 texts (i.e., articles). The cluster analysis resulted in seven clusters, which were named as: (1) causes and consequences (26.1%); (2) early identification and diagnosis (9%); (3) health promotion and prevention (22.1%); (4) recreational noise exposure (10.4%); (5) prevalence (14.3%); (6) research and development (12.4%); and (7) cognitive hearing science (5.6%). The hearing aid(s) data set had 2,667 texts. The cluster analysis resulted in eight clusters, which were named as: (1) signal processing (20.2%); (2) insurance (8.9%); (3) prevalence (12.4%); (4) research and development (5.4%); (5) activities and relation (16.2%); (6) environment (13.8%); (7) innovation (12%); and (8) wireless and connectivity (11.1%). Time series analysis of clusters in both “hearing loss” and “hearing aid(s)” data sets indicated that the change in pattern of information presented in newspaper media during 1990-2016 (e.g., cluster 7 focusing on cognitive hearing science in hearing loss data set emerging only since the year 2012 and growing rapidly).

CONCLUSIONS

The text pattern analysis showed that the U.S. newspaper media focuses on a range of issues when considering “hearing loss” and “hearing aid(s),” and the pattern or trends change over time. The study results can be helpful for hearing healthcare professionals to understand what presuppositions society in general may have as the media has the ability to influence societal perception and opinions.
Serum Sodium and Cognition in Older Community-Dwelling Men
Authors: Nowak Kristen L. , Yaffe Kristine , Orwoll Eric S. , Ix Joachim H. , You Zhiying , Barrett-Connor Elizabeth , Hoffman Andrew R. , Chonchol Michel
Published: February 2018

Background and objectives

Mild hyponatremia is a common finding in older adults; however, the association of lower serum sodium with cognition in older adults is currently unknown. We determined whether lower normal serum sodium is associated with cognitive impairment and risk of cognitive decline in community-dwelling older men.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Five thousand four hundred thirty-five community-dwelling men aged ≥65 years who participated in Osteoporotic Fractures in Men, a cohort study with a median follow-up for cognitive function of 4.6 years, were included in this analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between baseline fasting serum sodium levels and the odds of prevalent cognitive impairment (cross-sectional analysis; modified Mini-Mental Status [3MS] score <1.5 SD [<84] below or Trail Making Test Part B time >1.5 SD above the mean [>223 seconds]) and cognitive decline (prospective analysis [n=3611]; decrease in follow-up 3MS score or increase in Trails B time >1.5 SD of the mean score/time change [>9 or >67 seconds]).

Results

Participants were aged 74±6 years with a fasting mean serum sodium level of 141±3 mmol/L. Fifteen percent (n=274), 12% (n=225), and 13% (n=242) had prevalent cognitive impairment in tertiles 1, 2, and 3, respectively. After adjustment, lower serum sodium was associated with prevalent cognitive impairment (tertile 1 [126–140 mmol/L] versus tertile 2 [141–142 mmol/L], odds ratio [OR], 1.30; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.06 to 1.61). Fourteen percent (n=159), 10% (n=125), and 13% (n=159) had cognitive decline in tertiles 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Lower serum sodium was also associated with cognitive decline (tertile 1 versus tertile 2, OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.77). Tertile 3 (143–153 mmol/L) was additionally associated with cognitive decline. Results were similar in sensitivity analyses according to clinical cut-offs and by quartiles.

Conclusions

In community-dwelling older men, serum sodium between 126–140, and 126–140 or 143–153 mmol/L, are independently associated with prevalent cognitive impairment and cognitive decline, respectively.
Mercado de trabajo de los jornaleros agrícolas en México
Authors: Posadas Segura Florencio
Published: February 2018

El objetivo del artículo es ilustrar la situación del merca­do de trabajo de los obreros agrícolas en Sinaloa y Guerrero, México. Aquí se exponen las características de la fuerza la­boral en el mercado de trabajo rural, correspondientes a la estrategia para reducir los costos de producción, a partir de la teoría y la metodología configuracionista y el trabajo de campo. Se concluye que los empresarios deciden el perfil sociodemográfico, laboral, salarial y subjetivo de la mano de obra. Los asalariados del campo juegan un papel secundario, se concentran en las estrategias de supervivencia y, de ma­nera incipiente, en la construcción de identidades y formas nuevas de acción colectiva.
THE AUTHOR’S ARRANGEMENT OF EVENTS IN MOYES’S ME BEFORE YOU
Authors: Suarniti Gusti Ayu Made Rai
Published: February 2018

This writing focused on “The Author’s Arrangements of Events in Moyes’s Me Before You (2012).” This writing is aimed to analyze the causal relationships of those events in Me Before You. The theory applied for analyzing the problem is the theory of arrangement of event, well known as plot taken from William Kenney. The method which is used in this research consist of three steps. Those are data source, data collection, data analysis, and presenting data. The data source is taken from Moyes’s Me Before You. The data are collected by using observation method then it is analyzed descriptively based on the theoretical concept and presented by using informal method. Based on the result of the data analysis, it can be stated that the author’ s arrangement of events ( plot) in Me Before You consists of three parts, those are: beginning structure, middle structure, and the end structure. The beginning structure consist of exposition of the character and setting. The middle structure consist of social conflict, complication and climax. Finally, the end structure of this novel, the author tells us about the main character (William Traynor) decided to die of suicide way.
Racismo estrutural e o direito à educação
Authors: Bersani Humberto
Published: February 2018

O artigo pretende analisar a relação entre o racismo estrutural e o direito à educação, considerando levantamento quantitativo concernente aos ensinos médio e superior, bem como a eficácia da Lei 10.639/2003. Refletir sobre a educação sob a perspectiva racial constitui mais um elemento que revela a exclusão social dos negros no Brasil, de modo que o ensino médio pode ser representado por uma bifurcação social e racial, enquanto o ensino superior passou por um processo de capitalização concomitante à implementação de políticas públicas de ação afirmativa. Por fim, a ineficácia da Lei 10.639/2003 também demonstra o comprometimento do Estado na manutenção do racismo, elemento que lhe é intrínseco.
Az információtechnológia civilizációs pályája: mérés és osztályozás
Authors: Morris, Ian
Published: February 2018

Ian Morris a társadalmi fejlődés (social development) fogalmával az emberi közösségek képességét fejezi ki „dolgok elintézésére” a világban. Az így értelmezett társadalmi fejlettség mérhető és összehasonlító állapotokat jelent, térben és időben. Morris 4 tényező (az energiafelhasználás, a társadalmi szerveződés, az információtechnológia és a hadviselő kapacitás) kvantifikálásával megszerkesztett indexét kifejtő könyvéből az információtechnológiára vonatkozó, a többihez hasonlóan a Kelet és a Nyugat összehasonlítására épülő fejezetet fordítottuk le. Úttörő okfejtései és becslései remek kiindulópontok, hogy újraértékeljük és alaposan végiggondoljuk az információtechnológia helyét és „küldetését” a beavatkozásképesség, a cselekvési hatékonyság szempontjából. A tanulmányt Z. Karvalics László bevezetésével közöljük.

---

The civilization path of information technology: measurement and classification

Ian Morris defines social development as “social groups’ abilities to master their physical and intellectual environments and get things done in the world”. From this approach, “social development is - in principle - something we can measure and compare through time and space”. The Social Development Index of Morris is based on the quantifiable attributes of four pillars: energy capture, social organization, information technology, war-making capacity, comparing the numbers of the West and the East. We have translated and published the information technology chapter of his book with Laszlo Z. Karvalics’ introduction to support the re-evaluation of the role and mission of information technology throughout the ages from a special point of view: to facilitate the ability to act effectively.
MI mit tud?
Authors: Képes Gábor
Published: February 2018

Tudósítás a Neumann János Számítógép-tudományi Társaság 11. Digitális Esélyegyenlőség (DE!) konferenciájáról („MI mit tud?” – 11. DE! Konferencia, Budapest, Magyarország, 2017. november 28.).

---

Who wants to be a millionAIre?

Conference report on the 11. Digital Equality (DE!) Conference. Budapest, Hungary, November 28th 2017.
Solid liquid extraction of rice bran oil using binary mixture of ethyl acetate and dichloromethane
Authors: Hussain Sajid , Shafeeq Amir , Anjum Usamah
Published: February 2018

The aim of the study is to investigate the potentials of less hazardous, binary mixtures of ethyl acetate (EA) and dichloromethane (DCM) for rice bran oil recovery. Nine solvent mixtures are used with different volumetric ratios of EA/DCM ranging from 0.11 to 9. Solvent mixture with volumetric ratio of 4 (S8) has enabled the maximum oil recovery 88.04 %. The oil extraction yield is enhanced from 76.41 to 89.7 % by increasing the preheating temperature from 40 to 65?C. The other optimized parameters for enhanced oil recovery are: bran particle size <125 ?m (obtained with 120 mesh sieve), solvent to bran ratio of 5 mL/g, and stirring time of 15 min. The minimum stirring rate for preventing agglomeration in the mixture and optimized oil recovery is 80 rpm.
Locomotion of multibody robotic systems: Dynamics and optimization
Authors: Chernousko Felix
Published: February 2018

Locomotion of multibody systems in resistive media can be based on periodic change of the system configuration. The following types of mobile robotic systems are examined in the paper: multilink snake-like systems; multibody systems in quasi-static motion; systems consisting of several interacting bodies; fish-like, frog-like, and boat-like systems swimming in fluids; systems containing moving internal masses. Dynamics of these systems subjected to various resistance forces, both isotropic and anisotropic, are investigated, including dry friction forces obeying Coulomb?s law and forces directed against the velocity of the moving body and proportional to the velocity value or its square. Possible modes of locomotion and control algorithms are discussed. Optimization for various types of mobile robots is considered. Optimal values of geometrical and mechanical parameters as well as optimal controls are obtained that provide the maximum locomotion speed or minimum energy consumption. Results of experiments and computer simulation are discussed.
Characteristics of geothermal energy obtained from a deep well in the coldest provincial capital of China
Authors: Zhang Yaning , Zhao Wenke , Jin Guangri , Li Bingxi , Kim Yong-Song , Xie Gongnan , Fan Xinmeng , Fu Zhongbin
Published: February 2018

The abundantly available renewable geothermal energy resources play an important role in people?s life in the applications of hot water supply, greenhouse heating, air conditioning, electricity generating, breeding, incubating, drying, irrigating, refrigeration, and so on. This study investigated the characteristics of geothermal energy obtained from a 100 m deep well in Harbin, the coldest provincial capital of China. The effects of air temperature, wind scale, and fluid velocity were also studied. When the air temperature varied in the range of ?21.76 ~ ?15.27?C and the wind scale was in the range of 2-5, the tube and soil temperatures varied in the ranges of ?1.3 ~ 1.8, 3.9 ~ 4.6, 6.6 ~ 7.7, 7.7-8.7, 8.9 ~ 9.8, 10.4 ~ 11.3, 11.9 ~ 13.1, and 13.4 ~ 14.8?C for the well depths of 1, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 m, respectively. Ambient conditions had significant effect on the soil temperature above 1 m whereas nearly no effect on the soil temperature under 5 m. When the fluid velocities were between 0.09 m/s and 0.18 m/s, the tube temperatures reached stable within one hour, and the fluid velocity had slight effect on the tube temperatures. The results obtained from this study offer precious geothermal energy information for the cold regions of China and also the whole world.
Lattice Boltzmann simulation of resistance coefficient of the oil and water migration in porous media
Authors: Qi Han-Bing , Li Dong-Hai , Wei Wei , Hu Xin-Hao , Li Dong , Wu Guo-Zhong , Liu Xiao-Yan
Published: February 2018

The coefficients of oil and water transfer resistance in porous media are the basis of numerical study on the migration of contamination in the pipeline, soil cleaning, oilfield water flooding, and oilfield water treatment. Based on the quartet structure generation set, the porous media with random distribution are constructed. The lattice Boltzmann method is used to simulate the mesoscopic migration of oil and water in porous media. Then the distribution law of oil and water velocity and pressure in porous media is analyzed, and the fitting equations of oil and water resistance coefficients are obtained under different porosity. The results show that when the oil and water migrate in porous media, the viscous resistance coefficient is larger than the inertia resistance factor, and the viscosity resistance coefficient of water is obviously higher than that of oil, while the coefficient of inertia resistance of oil and water is nearly same.
A comparison of two statistical narrow band models for non-gray gas radiation in planar plates
Authors: Chu Huaqiang , Ren Fei , Wei Yan
Published: February 2018

Non-gray gas radiation analysis and comparison are conducted by combining a ray tracing method and two statistical narrow band (SNB) spectral models, namely the Goody SNB model and the Malkmus SNB model. In this paper, gas radiation in real gas containing H2O, H2O / N2, or H2O / CO2 / N2 mixtures at 1 atm in planar plates was studied. Comparisons between these models are performed using the latest narrow-band database. The present computations are validated by reproduc- ing the published results in the literature. The radiative source term, the wall fluxes, the narrow-band radiation intensities along a line-of-sight and the computing time are all compared. From the comparisons, it is found that the Malkmus SNB model is somewhat superior to the Goody SNB model and the former is preferred in engineering application.
Maltraitance envers les enfants déclarée par les jeunes eux-mêmes à l'occasion d'enquêtes représentatives de la population : revue systématique
Authors: Laurin Jessica , Wallace Caroline , Draca Jasminka , Aterman Sarah , Tonmyr Lil
Published: February 2018

Introduction

Cette revue systématique a permis de recenser des enquêtes sur les jeunes
représentatives de la population et comportant des questions sur la maltraitance envers
les enfants déclarée par ces derniers. Nous avons également examiné la qualité des données
et les questions d’ordre éthique pertinentes pour la collecte de données sur la
maltraitance.

Méthodologie

Résultats

Au total, 73 articles portant sur 71 enquêtes ont répondu aux critères
d’inclusion. Nous avons relevé diverses stratégies visant à assurer l’exactitude des renseignements
et à atténuer la détresse des participants à l’enquête.

Conclusion

L'ampleur des efforts déployés pour mesurer la prévalence de la maltraitance
envers les enfants est le reflet de l'importance accordée à cette dernière à l'échelle
de la planète. Malgré des connaissances incomplètes en matière de pratiques exemplaires
liées à l’éthique et de qualité des données, il est possible de recueillir efficacement auprès
des jeunes eux-mêmes des données sur la maltraitance dont ils font l'objet.
Efficacité de l’outil CANRISK pour détecter la dysglycémie chez les membres des Premières Nations et les Métis au Canada
Authors: Agarwal Gina , Jiang Ying , Rogers Van Katwyk Susan , Lemieux Chantal , Orpana Heather , Mao Yang , Hanley Brandan , Davis Karen , Leuschen Laurel , Morrison Howard
Published: February 2018

Introduction

Le diabète touche en plus grande proportion et à un plus jeune âge la
population
des Premières Nations et des Métis que le reste de la population canadienne.
Cet article vise principalement à évaluer l’efficacité et les scores de risque de CANRISK
(Questionnaire canadien sur le risque de diabète, un outil de dépistage du diabète destiné
aux Canadiens de 40 ans et plus) pour détecter la dysglycémie chez les participants issus
des Premières Nations et d’origine métisse en incluant les moins de 40 ans. L’objectif
secondaire de cette étude est de déterminer si une modification des seuils relatifs au tour
de taille (TT) et à l’indice de masse corporelle (IMC) améliore la valeur prédictive de
modèles de régression logistique lorsque les variables du questionnaire CANRISK sont
utilisées pour prédire la dysglycémie.

Méthodologie

Nous avons recueilli auprès de 1479 participants métis et des Premières
Nations des données provenant d’un questionnaire CANRISK autoadministré, de mesures
anthropométriques et de résultats d’épreuve standard d’hyperglycémie provoquée par
voie orale (HGPO). Nous avons calculé la sensibilité et la spécificité des scores CANRISK
en appliquant les seuils usuels de classification des risques. Une régression logistique a
été effectuée en utilisant des seuils tenant compte de l’origine ethnique pour l’IMC et le
TT pour prédire la dysglycémie à l’aide des variables CANRISK.

Résultats

Appliqué aux résultats de l’épreuve d’HGPO, le score seuil CANRISK à
33 points a conduit à une sensibilité et une spécificité de l’outil CANRISK de respectivement
68 % et 63 % chez les 40 ans et plus, et de respectivement 27 % et 87 % chez les
moins de 40 ans. L’utilisation d’un seuil inférieur, à 21 points, a fait monter à 77 % la
sensibilité chez les moins de 40 ans, avec une spécificité de 44 %. Malgré la faible spécificité
correspondant à ce seuil, l’augmentation de la sensibilité montre son importance à
identifier les personnes à risque au sein de cette population. Après modification des seuils
d’IMC et de TT, les modèles de régression logistique ont présenté une valeur prédictive
comparable.

Conclusion

L’utilisation du questionnaire CANRISK s’est révélée efficace comme première
étape de dépistage du diabète chez les membres des Premières Nations et les Métis
d’un large éventail d’âge au Canada, dans la mesure où le seuil CANRISK a été adapté
aux moins de 40 ans, et sans que l’on constate d’amélioration différentielle en modifiant
les seuils d’IMC et de TT.
Kūkaniloko: What It Means as the Piko of O’ahu
Authors: Noyes Martha H
Published: February 2018

Years ago an older man from Arizona well-versed in indigenous astronomies went with me to Kūkaniloko. He asked me, “there are seven directions – what are they?”

For about 12 years Iʻve been researching precontact astronomy represented at Kūkaniloko, the site known as the piko of O’ahu – the navel, the center of the island.  It is also one of only two royal birthing sites in Ka Pae ‘Āina, the Hawaiian archipelago.  The piko-ness of Kūkaniloko has been very much at the core of my research data. And that data showed that precontact astronomy at Kūkaniloko was about much more than sun stations, star rises and sets, calendrics, and navigation. The data showed that bigger ideas, things like the structure of space and time – wā and kā – and matters of gender relations, the importance of ao and pō, and other philosophical or metaphysical ideas were embedded in Kūkanilokoʻs astronomy.
Human factor and traffic safety
Authors: Brożyna Ewa
Published: February 2018

This article deals with issues in the field of traffic engineering. According to its assumptions, traffic is a system consisting of three inseparable elements which are man, vehicle and road. In this article, the author focuses on the relationship between two of these elements: human as a road user and a path that should be a subordinate of the user’s capabilities and convenience. The first part of the article is an introduction to the topic of the article. There are presented the data on the amount of road traffic accidents caused by human factors and the categories of errors committed by drivers. In the further part there were analyzed the biological factors which have influence on driver’s actions such as sight, attention and reaction time with particular emphasis on the imperfections of those factors which should be taken into account when designing roads and organizing traffic because it lets to provide a higher level of road safety. The purpose of this article is to develop practical conclusions for road design and traffic management that will help to better adjust the road transport infrastructure to the capabilities and natural limitations of the human person. These conclusions are included in the summary.
Chromosome numbers and karyotype features of Phlomis olivieri Benth. (Lamiaceae) from Iran
Authors: Yousefi Hossein , Amirahmadi Atefe , Naderi Reza , Atri Morteza
Published: February 2018

Chromosome numbers were determined in ten accessions ofPhlomis olivieriBenth. (Lamiaceae). The seeds were collected from natural habitats in the west of Iran. Chromosome numbers of all accessions were 2n=2x=20. The chromosomes of accessions were metacentric or submetacentric, ranging in length from 2.66 to 8.604 μm. According to the average values of ten accessions, the karyotype of this species consists of 10 pairs of metacentric chromosomes. An ideogram was depicted for the species. This is the first report on the chromo-some number and karyotype analysis ofP. olivierifrom Iran.