bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Severe hypercalcemia due to metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor: a case report
Authors: Behdadnia Aram , Jeddi Marjan
Published: September 2023

Background

Hypercalcemia of malignancy, as a paraneoplastic syndrome, is the most common metabolic disorder that accounts for 30% of malignancies and usually has a poor prognosis. Neuroendocrine tumors are uncommon and arise from neuroendocrine cells throughout the body. Actually, paraneoplastic hypercalcemia in neuroendocrine tumors is unusual and mostly associated with parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) secretion.

Case presentation

We report a 51-year-old Iranian man who presented with nausea, vomiting, and significant weight loss for 1 month. Laboratory data revealed calcium of 26 mg/dl, accompanied by low level of PTH. Octreotide scan revealed a large donut-shaped octreotide avid lesion in the epigastric region at the right side of the mid-abdomen, with multiple varying size foci of abnormally increased radiotracer uptake in the epigastric region and both lobes of the liver. Endoscopic ultrasonography demonstrated a large heterogeneous mass lesion with irregular outline and good demarcation in the body of the pancreas with diffuse foci of calcification. Percutaneous biopsy of the liver mass demonstrated a well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor (low grade) confirmed by immunohistochemistry with strongly positive chromogranin and synaptophysin stain. Hypercalcemia was treated with hydration, few sessions of hemodialysis, calcitonin, and denosumab injection. However, the patient developed symptomatic hypocalcemia. Oncology consultation led to prescription of long-acting octreotide 30 mg monthly and everolimus daily.

Conclusion

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor could lead to malignant hypercalcemia; secretion of PTHrP is the most common cause, and signs and symptoms are usually milder than paraneoplastic syndrome due to hematologic and solid tumor. Generally, survival is better; however, its treatment is challenging, and primary debulking surgery is often required. A team approach to management is important at all points.
A novel outpatient treatment model for patients with severe and enduring anorexia nervosa: an observational study of patient characteristics, treatment goals, and treatment course
Authors: Ålgars Monica , Oshukova Svetlana , Suokas Jaana
Published: September 2023

Background

Approximately 20–30% of people with anorexia nervosa develop an enduring form of the disorder. In the present study a newly developed outpatient treatment unit for patients with severe and enduring anorexia nervosa was described. The treatment model is flexible, patient-centered, and aims at enhancing quality of life, maintaining medical stability, and minimizing harm. Treatment contents, patient characteristics, treatment goals, and course of treatment from the first five years of operation were described and analyzed.

Methods

The participants (N = 22) consisted of all referrals resulting in an assessment or treatment period at the unit between May 2017 and May 2022. All participants were women. The study was a registry study. Information regarding patient characteristics, treatment goals, and the course of treatment was gathered from medical records.

Results

On average, the participants had had a diagnosed eating disorder for 12.80 years, and self-reported eating disorder symptoms for 19 years. Their symptomatology included severe eating disorder symptoms, psychiatric comorbidities, extreme underweight, and co-occurring medical conditions. Their treatment goals commonly concerned improving physical health, reducing eating disorder symptoms, improving psychological well-being, and improving quality of life. The majority of participants for whom this information was available benefited from the treatment (60%) and their treatment goals were met or partly met (66.6%), as measured by evaluations made by the patient or the treatment team. More than two thirds (69.2%) of the participants for whom this information was available remained weight stable or showed an increase in BMI.

Conclusions

This observational study suggests that many individuals with severe and enduring anorexia nervosa may benefit from flexible treatment, aiming at supporting quality of life. The results highlight the importance of coordinating and integrating the treatment of severe and enduring anorexia nervosa and co-occurring psychiatric disorders as well as medical complications. Further research and international dialogue about the how treatment for this vulnerable patient group should best be organized is called for.

Trial registration Trial registration number: NCT05708404. Date of registration: 01/23/2023 (retrospectively registered).
Low-intensity open-field blast exposure effects on neurovascular unit ultrastructure in mice
Authors: Li Chao , Chen Shanyan , Siedhoff Heather R. , Grant DeAna , Liu Pei , Balderrama Ashley , Jackson Marcus , Zuckerman Amitai , Greenlief C. Michael , Kobeissy Firas , Wang Kevin W. , DePalma Ralph G. , Cernak Ibolja , Cui Jiankun , Gu Zezong
Published: September 2023

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) induced by low-intensity blast (LIB) is a serious health problem affecting military service members and veterans. Our previous reports using a single open-field LIB mouse model showed the absence of gross microscopic damage or necrosis in the brain, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) identified ultrastructural abnormalities of myelin sheaths, mitochondria, and synapses. The neurovascular unit (NVU), an anatomical and functional system with multiple components, is vital for the regulation of cerebral blood flow and cellular interactions. In this study, we delineated ultrastructural abnormalities affecting the NVU in mice with LIB exposure quantitatively and qualitatively. Luminal constrictive irregularities were identified at 7 days post-injury (DPI) followed by dilation at 30 DPI along with degeneration of pericytes. Quantitative proteomic analysis identified significantly altered vasomotor-related proteins at 24 h post-injury. Endothelial cell, basement membrane and astrocyte end-foot swellings, as well as vacuole formations, occurred in LIB-exposed mice, indicating cellular edema. Structural abnormalities of tight junctions and astrocyte end-foot detachment from basement membranes were also noted. These ultrastructural findings demonstrate that LIB induces multiple-component NVU damage. Prevention of NVU damage may aid in identifying therapeutic targets to mitigate the effects of primary brain blast injury.
First evidence for alloying practices in the Chalcolithic Southern Levant (4500–3800 BCE) as revealed by metallography
Authors: Rose Thomas , Natali Stefano , Brotzu Andrea , Bar Shay , Goren Yuval
Published: September 2023

Excavations at the Chalcolithic site Fazael in the central Jordan Valley uncovered a large number of metal items, many of them polymetallic copper alloys cast in the lost wax technique. Metallography and SEM–EDS analysis on a subset of the assemblage confirm previous notions of the lost wax metallurgy in the Chalcolithic Southern Levant but extend them significantly in three aspects: The Fazael metal assemblage is slightly depleted in its arsenic content compared to metal assemblages from other sites, silt-sized quartz inclusions in unalloyed and polymetallic copper items, and the presence of unalloyed copper inclusions. These latter provide the earliest direct evidence for mixing of different metal types in West Asia, potentially alloying or recycling.
Hydrothermal signature on episodic deflation/inflation ground tilt at Aso Volcano
Authors: Petrosino Simona , Falanga Mariarosaria , Song Teh-Ru Alex
Published: September 2023

Ground deformation in volcanic areas induced by geothermal fluid circulation can reveal useful information about the dynamical processes occurring in the subsurface hydrothermal system. In the present work, we investigate tiltmeter time-series recorded at Aso Volcano during 2011–2016, a time interval during which different phases of volcanic activity occurred. We performed polarization analysis of the data and identified peculiar long-lasting (hours) transients, defined as Very-Long-period Tilt Pulses. The transients were further characterized in terms of waveform cross-correlation, particle tilt pattern, energy, and time distributions. The analyses indicate that such signals, which appear like deflation–inflation (DI) events, are associated with a Poissonian process whose underlying dynamics evolves over time always driven by a Poissonian mechanism. The obtained results have been interpreted in light of the available geophysical, geochemical and volcanological information. In this framework, the Very-Long-period Tilt Pulses may be ascribed to the depressurization/pressurization of the shallow hydrothermal system according to a fault-valve mechanism, which was active with different efficiency throughout eruptive and inter-eruptive phases.

Graphical Abstract
A case of primary mesenteric synovial sarcoma: a challenging presentation
Authors: Abdessayed Nihed , Barka Malek , Mabrouk Samiha , Nfikha Zeineb , Maatoug Zeineb , Fejji Yosra , Jarrar Mohamed Salah , Youssef Sabri , Mokni Moncef
Published: September 2023

Background

Synovial sarcoma is an uncommon soft tissue malignancy that mainly occurs near tendon sheath and bone joints. Primary intra-abdominal location is exceedingly rare and characterized by non-specific clinical signs.

Case presentation

We report the case of a young female without medical history who presented with acute abdominopelvic pain. Ultrasound echography revealed a right mass measuring 7 cm in greater diameter cystic with solid areas, likely of ovarian origin. A coelioscopy with peritoneal biopsies was performed. Histological examination with immunohistochemistry concluded the diagnosis of GIST. The patient was referred to the surgery department and after laboratory routine analysis and computed tomography, the patient was proposed to surgical management. Per-operative findings revealed a mesenteric mass locally invading the greater omentum and the appendicular wall. Pathological examination with immunochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of mesenteric monophasic synovial sarcoma invading the appendicular wall with positive surgical margins. Chemotherapy was proposed with a good response. Our patient is free from disease 9 months later.

Conclusions

We aimed through this case report to discuss mesenteric presentation monophasic SS, mimicking ovarian malignancy, emphasizing clinicopathological features and differential diagnoses.
Driving-related behaviors, attitudes, and perceptions among Australian medical cannabis users: results from the CAMS 20 survey
Authors: Arkell Thomas R. , Abelev Sarah V. , Mills Llewellyn , Suraev Anastasia , Arnold Jonathon C. , Lintzeris Nicholas , McGregor Iain S.
Published: September 2023

Road safety is an important concern amidst expanding worldwide access to legal cannabis. The present study reports on the driving-related subsection of the Cannabis as Medicine Survey 2020 (CAMS-20) which surveyed driving-related behaviors, attitudes, and perceptions among Australian medical cannabis (MC) users. Of the 1063 respondents who reported driving a motor vehicle in the past 12 months, 28% (297/1063) reported driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC). Overall, 49–56% of respondents said they typically drive within 6 h of MC use, depending on the route of administration (oral or inhaled). Non-medical cannabis (NMC) was perceived to be more impairing for driving than MC. Binary logistic regression revealed associations between likelihood of DUIC and (1) inhaled routes of cannabis administration, (2) THC-dominant products, (3) illicit rather than prescribed use, (4) believing NMC does not impair driving, and (5) not being deterred by roadside drug testing. Overall, these findings suggest there is a relatively low perception of driving-related risk among MC users. Targeted education programs may be needed to highlight the potential risks associated with DUIC, and further research is needed to determine whether driving performance is differentially affected by MC and NMC.
Targeted sequencing analysis pipeline for species identification of human pathogenic fungi using long-read nanopore sequencing
Authors: Langsiri Nattapong , Worasilchai Navaporn , Irinyi Laszlo , Jenjaroenpun Piroon , Wongsurawat Thidathip , Luangsa-ard Janet Jennifer , Meyer Wieland , Chindamporn Ariya
Published: September 2023

Among molecular-based techniques for fungal identification, Sanger sequencing of the primary universal fungal DNA barcode, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region (ITS1, 5.8S, ITS2), is commonly used in clinical routine laboratories due to its simplicity, universality, efficacy, and affordability for fungal species identification. However, Sanger sequencing fails to identify mixed ITS sequences in the case of mixed infections. To overcome this limitation, different high-throughput sequencing technologies have been explored. The nanopore-based technology is now one of the most promising long-read sequencing technologies on the market as it has the potential to sequence the full-length ITS region in a single read. In this study, we established a workflow for species identification using the sequences of the entire ITS region generated by nanopore sequencing of both pure yeast isolates and mocked mixed species reads generated with different scenarios. The species used in this study included Candida albicans (n = 2), Candida tropicalis (n = 1), Nakaseomyces glabratus (formerly Candida glabrata) (n = 1), Trichosporon asahii (n = 2), Pichia kudriavzevii (formerly Candida krusei) (n = 1), and Cryptococcus neoformans (n = 1). Comparing various methods to generate the consensus sequence for fungal species identification, the results from this study indicate that read clustering using a modified version of the NanoCLUST pipeline is more sensitive than Canu or VSEARCH, as it classified species accurately with a lower abundance cluster of reads (3% abundance compared to 10% with VSEARCH). The modified NanoCLUST also reduced the number of classified clusters compared to VSEARCH, making the subsequent BLAST+ analysis faster. Subsampling of the datasets, which reduces the size of the datasets by approximately tenfold, did not significantly affect the identification results in terms of the identified species name, percent identity, query coverage, percentage of reads in the classified cluster, and the number of clusters. The ability of the method to distinguish mixed species within sub-populations of large datasets has the potential to aid computer analysis by reducing the required processing power. The herein presented new sequence analysis pipeline will facilitate better interpretation of fungal sequence data for species identification.
Immune boosting functional components of natural foods and its health benefits
Authors: Stephen Jaspin , Manoharan Dharini , Radhakrishnan Mahendran
Published: September 2023

Naturally available foods contain nutrients like vitamins (A, C, E, and D), zinc, calcium, magnesium, folate iron, omega fatty acids, selenium, and phytochemicals that have profound protective effects (boosting immunity) on human from diseases. The critical component of obtaining incredible health is to maintain proper diet with healthy food, proper sleep, and regular exercise. This review is drafted with an aim to lay out the importance of consuming immune boosting foods, present various nutritional compounds available and their mechanism in maintaining immunity, and briefly discuss some of the exotic immunity building food sources, nutrients present, health benefits, and its utilization. Some of the immune-boosting foods like almonds, spinach, citrus fruits, avocado, red bell pepper, pomegranate, kiwi, garlic, ginger, and passion fruit are deliberated to have positive impact on ameliorating cancer, diabetics, heart disease, skin, eyesight, bone health, blood pressure, brain development, anti-stress, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-aging, anti-allergenicity, antimalarial, anti-mutagenicity, and anti-inflammatory. This review on immune boosting foods further emphasizes on the need and proved the importance of consuming natural fruits, vegetables, nut, and meat products for strengthening the immune system. Thus, the consumption of immune boosting foods is mandatory for maintaining the health and protecting our body from harmful pathogen and degenerative diseases naturally.

Novelty impact statement

Exploring diet-health approach is very important in the domain of food for enhancing immune response and activation in humans. Natural food that has health and nutritional benefits has made a noteworthy influence on changing consumer's lifestyles. The immune-strengthening foods with proper dietary recommendation play a significant role to increase the immunity of people.

Graphical Abstract
Acute bilateral renal infarction after left upper pulmonary lobectomy: a case report
Authors: Matsuzaki Tomohiko , Matsuo Kazuhiro , Higeta Tomoki , Shioyama Kie , Nakano Kei , Onozawa Hiroto , Tsuboi Takaaki , Hashimoto Ryo , Wada Atsushi , Aruga Naohiro , Masuda Ryota , Iwazaki Masayuki
Published: September 2023

Background

Left upper lobectomy (LUL) is considered a risk factor for thrombus formation in the pulmonary vein stump compared with other lobectomies, and it occurs in 11.7–13.5% of cases. Although cerebral infarction after LUL has been reported in many articles, reports of bilateral renal infarction after lobectomy are rare.

Case presentation

A 70-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of lung cancer. The nodule’s diameter was 2.5 cm on computed tomography, and it was diagnosed as a non-small cell lung carcinoma by a bronchoscopic biopsy. The clinical stage was cT1c N0M0 (c-stageIA3). The patient underwent thoracoscopic LUL and systemic lymph node dissection. No complications were observed during the operation, and the immediate postoperative period was uneventful until postoperative day 3. On postoperative day 4, he experienced fever, abdominal pain, and nausea, which spontaneously resolved. Laboratory data showed an elevated white blood cell count, and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase and creatinine concentrations. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography from the thorax to the pelvic cavity showed a partial defect of the bilateral kidneys. We diagnosed the patient with bilateral renal infarction.

Conclusions

Bilateral renal infarction after lobectomy is a rare and serious condition, which should be diagnosed as early as possible. Since all cases of reported renal infarctions occurred after LUL, special attention should be paid to postoperative management after performing LUL.
A tool for safer prescribing in vulnerable adults: the continuing development of the Medichec app and website
Authors: Bishara Delia , Riaz Sahar , Sauer Justin , Mueller Christoph , Gee Siobhan , Taylor David , Wilcha Robyn-Jenia , Edwards Millie , Beehuspoteea Nirja , Mallia Anne Marie Bonnici , Brook Jennifer , Balasundaram Bharathi , Harwood Daniel , Funnell Nicola , Strydom Andre , Stewart Robert
Published: September 2023

Aims and method

Adverse effects are a common concern when prescribing and reviewing medication, particularly in vulnerable adults such as older people and those with intellectual disability. This paper describes the development of an app giving information on side-effects, called Medichec, and provides a description of the processes involved in its development and how drugs were rated for each side-effect. Medications with central anticholinergic action, dizziness, drowsiness, hyponatraemia, QTc prolongation, bleeding and constipation were identified using the British National Formulary (BNF) and frequency of occurrence of these effects was determined using the BNF, product information and electronic searches, including PubMed.

Results

Medications were rated using a traffic light system according to how commonly the adverse effect was known to occur or the severity of the effect.

Clinical implications

Medichec can facilitate access to side-effects information for multiple medications, aid clinical decision-making, optimise treatment and improve patient safety in vulnerable adults.
Supervised Risk Predictor of Breast Cancer Based on Intrinsic Subtypes
Authors: Parker Joel S. , Mullins Michael , Cheang Maggie C.U. , Leung Samuel , Voduc David , Vickery Tammi , Davies Sherri , Fauron Christiane , He Xiaping , Hu Zhiyuan , Quackenbush John F. , Stijleman Inge J. , Palazzo Juan , Marron J.S. , Nobel Andrew B. , Mardis Elaine , Nielsen Torsten O. , Ellis Matthew J. , Perou Charles M. , Bernard Philip S.
Published: September 2023

PURPOSE

To improve on current standards for breast cancer prognosis and prediction of chemotherapy benefit by developing a risk model that incorporates the gene expression–based “intrinsic” subtypes luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched, and basal-like.

METHODS

A 50-gene subtype predictor was developed using microarray and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction data from 189 prototype samples. Test sets from 761 patients (no systemic therapy) were evaluated for prognosis, and 133 patients were evaluated for prediction of pathologic complete response (pCR) to a taxane and anthracycline regimen.

RESULTS

The intrinsic subtypes as discrete entities showed prognostic significance ( P = 2.26E-12) and remained significant in multivariable analyses that incorporated standard parameters (estrogen receptor status, histologic grade, tumor size, and node status). A prognostic model for node-negative breast cancer was built using intrinsic subtype and clinical information. The C-index estimate for the combined model (subtype and tumor size) was a significant improvement on either the clinicopathologic model or subtype model alone. The intrinsic subtype model predicted neoadjuvant chemotherapy efficacy with a negative predictive value for pCR of 97%.

CONCLUSION

Diagnosis by intrinsic subtype adds significant prognostic and predictive information to standard parameters for patients with breast cancer. The prognostic properties of the continuous risk score will be of value for the management of node-negative breast cancers. The subtypes and risk score can also be used to assess the likelihood of efficacy from neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Mechanism-Based Modeling of Perioperative Variations in Hemoglobin Concentration in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgery
Authors: Jaramillo Sebastian , Marco-Ariño Nicolás , Montane-Muntane Mar , Blasi Annabel , Navarro-Ripoll Ricard , de Peray-Bruel Claudia , Vila-Cullell Isabel , Gambús Pedro L. , Troconiz Iñaki F.
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:

Hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]) in the perioperative setting should be interpreted in the context of the variables and processes that may affect it to differentiate the dilution effects caused by changes in intravascular volume. However, it is unclear what variables and processes affect [Hb]. Here, we modeled the perioperative variations in [Hb] to identify the variables and processes that govern [Hb] and to describe their effects.

METHODS:

We first constructed a mechanistic framework based on the main variables and processes related to the perioperative [Hb] variations. We then prospectively studied patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery, divided into 2 consecutive cohorts for the development and validation of the model. The study protocol consisted of serial measurements of [Hb] along with recordings of hemoglobin mass loss, blood volume loss, fluid infusion, urine volume, and inflammatory biomarkers measurements, up to 96 hours postoperatively. Mathematical fitting was performed using nonlinear mixed-effects. Additionally, we performed simulations to explore the effects of blood loss and fluid therapy protocols on [Hb].

RESULTS:

We studied 154 patients: 118 enrolled in the development group and 36 in the validation group. We characterized the perioperative course of [Hb] using a mass balance model that accounted for hemoglobin losses during surgery, and a 2-compartment model that estimated fluid kinetics and intravascular volume changes. During model development, we found that urinary fluid elimination represented only 24% of the total fluid elimination, and that total fluid elimination was inhibited after surgery in a time-dependent manner and influenced by age. Also, covariate evaluation showed a significant association between the type of surgery and proportion of fluid eliminated via urine. In contrast, neither the type of infused solution, blood volume loss nor inflammatory biomarkers were found to correlate with model parameters. In the validation analysis, the model demonstrated a considerable predictive capacity, with 95% of the predicted [Hb] within −4.4 and +5.5 g/L. Simulations demonstrated that hemoglobin mass loss determined most of the postoperative changes in [Hb], while intravascular volume changes due to fluid infusion, distribution, and elimination induced smaller but clinically relevant variations. Simulated patients receiving standard fluid therapy protocols exhibited a hemodilution effect that resulted in a [Hb] decrease between 7 and 15 g/L at the end of surgery, and which was responsible for the lowest [Hb] value during the perioperative period.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our model provides a mechanistic and quantitative understanding of the causes underlying the perioperative [Hb] variations.
IL-33 regulates Müller cell-mediated retinal inflammation and neurodegeneration in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Augustine Josy , Pavlou Sofia , Harkin Kevin , Stitt Alan W. , Xu Heping , Chen Mei
Published: September 2023

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is characterised by dysfunction of the retinal neurovascular unit, leading to visual impairment and blindness. Müller cells are key components of the retinal neurovascular unit and diabetes has a detrimental impact on these glial cells, triggering progressive neurovascular pathology of DR. Amongst many factors expressed by Müller cells, interleukin-33 (IL-33) has an established immunomodulatory role, and we investigated the role of endogenous IL-33 in DR. The expression of IL-33 in Müller cells increased during diabetes. Wild-type and Il33−/− mice developed equivalent levels of hyperglycaemia and weight loss following streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Electroretinogram a- and b-wave amplitudes, neuroretina thickness, and the numbers of cone photoreceptors and ganglion cells were significantly reduced in Il33−/− diabetic mice compared with those in wild-type counterparts. The Il33−/− diabetic retina also exhibited microglial activation, sustained gliosis, and upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neurotrophins. Primary Müller cells from Il33−/− mice expressed significantly lower levels of neurotransmitter-related genes (Glul and Slc1a3) and neurotrophin genes (Cntf, Lif, Igf1 and Ngf) under high-glucose conditions. Our results suggest that deletion of IL-33 promotes inflammation and neurodegeneration in DR, and that this cytokine is critical for regulation of glutamate metabolism, neurotransmitter recycling and neurotrophin secretion by Müller cells.
Dynamic gap crossing in Dendrelaphis, the sister taxon of flying snakes
Authors: Graham Mal , Socha John J.
Published: September 2023

Arboreal animals commonly use dynamic gap-crossing behaviors such as jumping. In snakes, however, most species studied to date only employ the quasi-static cantilever crawl, which involves a whole-body reach. One exception is the paradise tree snake (Chrysopelea paradisi), which exhibits kinematic changes as gap distance increases, culminating in dynamic behaviors that are kinematically indistinguishable from those used to launch glides. Because Chrysopelea uses dynamic behaviors when bridging gaps without gliding, we hypothesized that such dynamic behaviors evolved ancestrally to Chrysopelea. To test this predicted occurrence of dynamic behaviors in closely related taxa, we studied gap bridging locomotion in the genus Dendrelaphis, which is the sister lineage of Chysopelea. We recorded 20 snakes from two species (D. punctulatus and D. calligastra) crossing gaps of increasing size, and analyzed their 3D kinematics. We found that, like C. paradisi, both species of Dendrelaphis modulate their use of dynamic behaviors in response to gap distance, but Dendrelaphis exhibit greater inter-individual variation. Although all three species displayed the use of looped movements, the highly stereotyped J-loop movement of Chrysopelea was not observed in Dendrelaphis. These results support the hypothesis that Chrysopelea may have co-opted and refined an ancestral behavior for crossing gaps for the novel function of launching a glide. Overall, these data demonstrate the importance of gap distance in governing behavior and kinematics during arboreal gap crossing.
Hip Pain in an Athlete
Authors: Covey Carlton J. , Knobloch Alexander C. , Kim Alexander R.
Published: September 2023

Hip pain is a common complaint in sports, and narrowing the differential diagnosis can be difficult. Many etiologies are secondary to overuse and respond well to nonsurgical treatment. The increased use of point-of-care ultrasound has helped provide timely and accurate diagnoses and some guided treatments. The hip is in close proximity to the abdomen and pelvis, and clinicians should be familiar with nonmusculoskeletal pain generators. This article is a comprehensive review of hip pain etiologies in athletes.
First detection of the invasive protozoan Haplosporidium pinnae in the critically endangered bivalve Pinna nobilis in the Southern Mediterranean Sea (Bizerte Lagoon, Tunis) and update of its current status
Authors: LABIDI SARRA , VÁZQUEZ-LUIS MAITE , CATANESE GAETANO , GRAU AMALIA , KHAMMASSI MARWA , BEN YOUSSEF SOUMAYA , ACHOURI MOHAMED SGHAIER
Published: September 2023

Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus, 1758) populations have been severely damaged in the last few decades, and since early autumn 2016, a mass mortality event (MME) has drastically impacted populations in the Mediterranean Sea. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to improve the knowledge on the status of P. nobilis populations in the Bizerte Lagoon (Tunisia) between 2016 and 2022. Before the MME, P. nobilis was found in the lagoon at depths from 1.5 to 6 m, with a density ranging from 2 to 30 ind/100 m². After the MME, mortality reached 100% in the monitored area, except in the eastern part of the Bizerte Lagoon near the Menzel Jemil site, where some living specimens were detected. Moreover, in 2022, successful recruitment was observed in the lagoon. Additionally, our results revealed the presence of Haplosporidium pinnae and Mycobacterium sp. in some living specimens sampled in the Bizerte Lagoon after the MME. This finding constitutes the first detection of both pathogens in Tunisia and in the entire Southern Mediterranean Sea.
Liomera rugipes (Heller, 1861) (Brachyura: Xanthidae: Liomerinae): a new Indo-West Pacific crab in the Mediterranean Sea, Egypt
Authors: NOUR OLA MOHAMED , ZAVA BRUNO , CORSINI-FOKA MARIA
Published: September 2023

A single specimen of the xanthid Liomera rugipes was collected in May 2023 in the waters off Alexandria, Egypt, with a trammel net at 15 m of depth. The occurrence of this crab is reported for the first time in the Mediterranean Sea and adds a new Indo- West Pacific crab to the non-indigenous biota of the basin, probably introduced via the Suez Canal. This new finding increases the number of Egyptian non-indigenous brachyurans to 21 species.
Community-driven governance of FAIRness assessment: an open issue, an open discussion
Authors: Wilkinson Mark D. , Sansone Susanna-Assunta , Méndez Eva , David Romain , Dennis Richard , Hecker David , Kleemola Mari , Lacagnina Carlo , Nikiforova Anastasija , Castro Leyla Jael
Published: September 2023

Although FAIR Research Data Principles are targeted at and implemented by different communities, research disciplines, and research stakeholders (data stewards, curators, etc.), there is no conclusive way to determine the level of FAIRness intended or required to make research artefacts (including, but not limited to, research data) Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable. The FAIR Principles cover all types of digital objects, metadata, and infrastructures. However, they focus their narrative on data features that support their reusability. FAIR defines principles, not standards, and therefore they do not propose a mechanism to achieve the behaviours they describe in an attempt to be technology/implementation neutral. Various FAIR assessment metrics and tools have been designed to measure FAIRness. Unfortunately, the same digital objects assessed by different tools often exhibit widely different outcomes because of these independent interpretations of FAIR. This results in confusion among the publishers, the funders, and the users of digital research objects. Moreover, in the absence of a standard and transparent definition of what constitutes FAIR behaviours, there is a temptation to define existing approaches as being FAIR-compliant rather than having FAIR define the expected behaviours. This whitepaper identifies three high-level stakeholder categories -FAIR decision and policymakers, FAIR custodians, and FAIR practitioners - and provides examples outlining specific stakeholders' (hypothetical but anticipated) needs. It also examines possible models for governance based on the existing peer efforts, standardisation bodies, and other ways to acknowledge specifications and potential benefits. This whitepaper can serve as a starting point to foster an open discussion around FAIRness governance and the mechanism(s) that could be used to implement it, to be trusted, broadly representative, appropriately scoped, and sustainable. We invite engagement in this conversation in an open Google Group fair-assessment-governance@googlegroups.com
Srebrną głowę nieść w dłoniach…
Authors: Waligóra Janusz
Published: September 2023

Treścią artykułu jest rekonstrukcja poetyckich poszukiwań Tadeusza Różewicza, które miały miejsce we wczesnym okresie jego twórczości (tomiki Niepokój i Czerwona rękawiczka). Uwaga koncentruje się na związkach poetyki jego wierszy z twórczością Józefa Czechowicza. Wychodząc od analizy wiersza Matka powieszonych, zestawionego z Żalem Czechowicza, obserwacji poddano pokrewne motywy i obrazy, by prześledzić dwukierunkowe przesunięcia estetyki Różewiczowskiej w stosunku do poetyki autora nuty człowieczej: w stronę brutalizacji i „wartości estetycznych ostrych”, jak też w stronę „oczyszczania” poetyckiego przedpola i starannie wypracowa-nej ascezy. Obszar badań rozszerza się na inne utwory Różewicza z drugiej połowy lat czterdziestych oraz zróżnicowane praktyki rewaloryzacji poszczególnych elementów pierwszego planu (z uwzględnieniem funkcji detalu), jak i poetyckich atrybutów tła (głowa, księżyc, twarz, usta, elementy topografii, kolorystyka, opozycje mroku i światła, postać matki itp.).
Proactive Resource Request for Disaster Response: A Deep Learning-Based Optimization Model
Authors: Zhang Hongzhe , Zhao Xiaohang , Fang Xiao , Chen Bintong
Published: September 2023

In the realm of disaster response operations, effective resource management is crucial. This research introduces an innovative approach that proactively determines the optimal quantities of resources that should be requested by local agencies. This determination is based on both current and anticipated demands, thereby ensuring a more efficient and effective response to disasters. The approach first utilizes a method that combines deep learning and temporal point process for predicting irregularly spaced future demands, and then, it formulates the resource allocation problem faced with randomly arrived demands as a stochastic optimization model. The superiority of this approach over existing resource allocation methods is demonstrated using both real-world data and simulated scenarios. The findings highlight the need for a shift from reactive to proactive strategies. Moreover, the research emphasizes the potential of advanced techniques, such as deep learning and stochastic optimization, in disaster management. These techniques can provide valuable tools for policy makers and practitioners in the field, enabling them to make more informed and effective decisions. Policies that encourage the adoption of such optimized resource allocation strategies could lead to more effective disaster response operations.
Commitment Against Front-Running Attacks
Authors: Canidio Andrea , Danos Vincent
Published: September 2023

We provide a game-theoretic analysis of the problem of front-running attacks. We use it to distinguish attacks from legitimate competition among honest users for having their transactions included earlier in the block. We also use it to introduce an intuitive notion of the severity of front-running attacks. We then study a simple commit-reveal protocol and discuss its properties. This protocol has costs because it requires two messages and imposes a delay. However, we show that it prevents the most severe front-running attacks while preserving legitimate competition between users, guaranteeing that the earliest transaction in a block belongs to the honest user who values it the most. When the protocol does not fully eliminate attacks, it nonetheless benefits honest users because it reduces competition among attackers (and overall expenditure by attackers).

This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.

Funding: The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Ethereum Foundation [Grant FY22-0840].
Predictors of Food Handling Practices of Massive Food Catering Establishment in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: ketema Sisay , Areche Franklin Ore , Alejo Olga Vicentina Pacovilca- , Montesinos Cesar Cipriano Zea , Rivera Tania Jakeline Choque , Huaman Ciro William Taipe , Flores Denis Dante Corilla , Lapa Becquer Frauberth Camayo- , Roque María Soledad Porras- , Bustinza Liliana Asunción Sumarriva- , Payi Nelly Olga Zela , Gómez Angel sobrado , Zevallos Manuel Llanos , Zevallos Manuel Llanos , Huacho Russbelt Yaulilahua-
Published: September 2023

Food borne disease is one among a series of public health problems globally due to poor food handling practices from production to service. This study aimed to find out the predictors of food handling practice among massive food catering establishments in Ethiopia. Different search engines were used and extraction of the data was done. Random-effects meta-analysis model was used to analyze the pooled value. DerSimonian – Laird method was used to estimate the study variance. The Cochrane's Q test (chi-square) and I2(%) were used to identify the heterogeneity of the studies. The overall pooled prevalence of good food handling practice was 50 (95% CI:43%, 57%). Predictors such as good Knowledge (AOR: 2.6(95% CI: 1.90, 3.18), Training (AOR: 3.16(95% CI: 2.2, 4.44), Medical cheek up (AOR: 6.76(95% CI: 4.49, 10.18), Supervision (AOR: 3.76(95% CI:2.12, 6.66), Experience (AOR: 2.00(95% CI: 1.52, 2.79) and Water basin availability (AOR: 2.06(95% CI:1.94, 3.83) were significant factors of food handling practice in massive food catering establishment in Ethiopia. Food handling practice was low and predictors of food handling including, knowledge, Training, Medical checkup, Supervision, Experience, and water availability were statistically significant. Therefore, Policymakers and facilities owners, give better or higher prominence to improving the status of food handling practices with design intervention strategies. In conclusion, comparatively low levels of good food handling practice were found among Ethiopian food handlers working in public food establishments, and factors including food handler training, attitude towards good food handling practice, and the presence of regular medical check-ups were identified as contributing factors.
A Review of Slaughterhouse Blood and its Compounds, Processing and Application in the Formulation of Novel Non-Meat Products
Authors: Chiroque Renato Gustavo Silva , Santiago Heber P. Cornelio- , -Espinoza Luis Alfredo Espinoza , Quispe Luz Arelis Moreno- , Tirado Lucia R. Pantoja- , Villegas Lilia M. Nieva- , Villegas Mayda A. Nieva-
Published: September 2023

Animal blood has become of growing interest, and its functional and nutritional properties are being exploited. In recent years, several research papers related to the application of blood in food products have been published. The purpose of this review is to describe animal blood, its chemical composition, sampling, processing, preservation, and its application in various non-meat products. Bovine, pig and guinea pig blood has been used in the formulation of different foods such as chocolate, cookies, sausages, drinks, gummies, extruded products and consumed directly as a nutritional supplement, the compounds of interest being heme iron from hemoglobin, blood plasma and serum, bioactive proteins and peptides. However, animal blood residues have a high microbial load that is controlled in slaughterhouses. Likewise, the use of this by-product has shown an increase in hemoglobin levels in pregnant mothers and children with anemia who consume it. These fortified foods were high in protein and iron. The use of blood in different food matrices is a potential alternative to improve its nutritional quality, in addition to helping to reduce the levels of malnutrition and anemia in people.
Physicochemical properties, Steady and Dynamic Rheological Measurements of Sour Guava (Psidium Araca) Pulp
Authors: Gómez Luis Mieles- , Martinez Somaris Elena Quintana , Zapateiro Luis Alberto García-
Published: September 2023

Sour guava (Psidium araca) is a tropical fruit of the tropical region, recognized for its typical taste and nutritional composition. This work aimed to investigate how temperature affects the physicochemical and rheological characteristics of the sour guava pulp subjected to controlled scalding conditions. Physicochemical properties of fresh and scalded pulp were analyzed. Rheological analyses of steady shear rate in function of temperature (5 - 80 ºC) and viscoelastic properties were done. Scalding process did not affect the physicochemical properties (total acidity, soluble solids, pH, and maturity index) of the pulp, nevertheless, a 30% decrease in total phenolic compounds was observed. Pulps exhibit a non-Newtonian behavior type shear thinning described by using the Herschel-Bulkley model (R2 > 0.970). The influence of temperature was described by an Arrhenius-type equation on the pulp consistency index. The pulps displayed characteristics of a weak gel, where the storage modulus surpassed the loss modulus. A power function of the oscillatory frequency accurately described the storage and loss moduli, indicating elastic properties. The results showed that the sour guava pulp is suitable for use as a raw material for the development of processes for the manufacture of food products.
Exploring the Association between Nutritional Knowledge and Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Young Adults: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Albrahim Tarfa , Alshaalan Rasha , I. Alhusan Shadena , Alrasheedi Kholoud R. , Aldosari Halh A. , Albarqi Hanan M. , Almousa Zainab I. , Alghamdi Khloud A. , Almnaizel Ahmad Tayseer
Published: September 2023

The major cause of death globally is chronic diseases linked to lifestyle choices, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Consuming fruits and vegetables is crucial to receiving the critical nutrients the body needs in small amounts. However, there is little knowledge of and intake of this crucial part of nutrition worldwide. The current study postulated a strong correlation between young adults in Riyadh knowledge of and consumption of fruit and vegetables. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the knowledge of fruits and vegetables among young adults in Riyadh, to investigate the intake of fruit and vegetables among young adults in Riyadh, in addition to investigate the association between knowledge and intake of fruit and vegetables among young adults in Riyadh. The obtained results revealed that 98.3% of the 463 participants who were evaluated at baseline had adequate knowledge of fruits and vegetables, while 1.7% had inadequate knowledge. In addition, we discovered that 91.6% of participants consumed fewer fruits and vegetables than those who consumed more (2.8%). Therefore, for the greatest impact, health promotion messages should specifically target these subgroups of fruit and vegetable intake.
Estratégia democrático-popular e cultura profissional renovada: revisitando os fundamentos do Projeto Ético-Político
Authors: De Sousa Adrianyce A. Silva de Sousa
Published: September 2023

O presente artigo analisa os fundamentos ídeo-políticos e teórico-metodológicos que estão na base de constituição histórica da cultura profissional renovada, expressos na direção social estratégica da profissão de Serviço Social e sua diretriz, o Projeto Ético-Político profissional. Produto de estudos pós-doutorais, e de duas pesquisas em andamento desde 2019, neste manuscrito realizamos uma discussão em torno do caldo sócio-histórico que fermentou na sociedade brasileira, no início da década de 1980, enfatizando o conteúdo tático-estratégico formulado pela classe trabalhadora brasileira, a chamada “estratégia democrático-popular” e suas incidências no Serviço Social. Nesta direção, visa contribuir com novas mediações para o entendimento dessa relação nos fundamentos do Projeto Ético-Político, considerando a ausência de análises a partir deste enfoque. Palavras-Chave: estratégia democrático-popular; cultura profissional renovada; projeto ético-político; direção social estratégica.
Promoção da adequada nutrição materna no serviço público-privado: a importância da suplementação
Authors: Machado Priscila Coelho Rabelo , Smiderle Fabiana Rosa Neves
Published: September 2023

A assistência gestacional ocorre nos âmbitos público e privado. Nesse cuidado, destaca-se a maior demanda nutricional na gestação, à mãe e ao feto. Das causas de mortalidade infantil, destacam-se: baixo peso ao nascer; prematuridade e pré-natal inadequado. No cenário social de baixa renda, a nutrição é falha. Assim o suplemento alimentar tem extrema importância no cuidado pré-natal. Objetiva-se descrever a suplementação alimentar mais adequada à gestante, seja no setor público ou privado, destacando a política nacional, após revisão bibliográfica, realizada de maio a agosto de 2022. No Brasil mais de 70% das gestantes têm ganho de peso, porém com padrão nutricional pobre. Na atenção pré-natal pública no Brasil, são ofertados ácido fólico e ferro. A suplementação materna polivitamínica, com outros nutrientes além do ferro e folato, como vitaminas D, A, E, C, zinco, magnésio e outros, é importante. A problemática nutricional materna pública engloba fatores socioeconômicos, bem como falhas na assistência. A divergência com a atenção privada, prevalente em países desenvolvidos, é notória ao observar a mortalidade materna. Nos países periféricos a morte materna é 50 a 100 vezes maior que nos centrais. Nesses, mais de 90% das gestantes recebem suplementação polivitamínica. Palavras-Chave: nutrição materna; saúde materno-infantil; suplementos nutricionais; política de saúde; cuidado pré-natal.