bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementation of Bouea macrophylla Fruit Juice Prevent Oxidative Stress in Rats Fed with High-Fat High-Cholesterol Diet through Attenuation of Lipid Peroxidation
Authors: Effendi Alvira Noer , Iswahyudi Mardian , Cho Eunjin , Kumala Shirly , Sinaga Ernawati
Published: September 2022

Fruits are rich in fiber and antioxidant compounds that can prevent and treat health disorders related to oxidative stress caused by high-fat high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD). Bouea macrophylla is a tropical fruit plant with edible juicy fruits. In this study, we conducted experiments to prove the effectiveness of B. macrophylla fruit juice (BMFJ) as an antioxidant agent in rats fed with HFHCD. Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed with HFHCD for 100 days and simultaneously orally supplemented with BMFJ. Atorvastatin was used as a positive control. At the end of the experiment, the blood and hepar were collected and assayed for malondialdehyde (MDA). The in vitro antioxidant activity of BMFJ was also evaluated using the DPPH method. Total phenols and flavonoids contents were determined using Folin Ciocalteu and AlCl3 methods, respectively. Results of the experiments showed that total phenols and flavonoids in BMFJ were 570 mg GAE/g and 31.89 mg QE/g, respectively, and the IC50 of radical scavenging activity was 564.271 ppm. The in vivo antioxidant evaluation showed that supplementation of BMFJ significantly prevents the increase of MDA levels, both in serum and liver of rats fed with HFHCD. These findings clearly indicate that supplementation of B. macrophylla fruit juice significantly prevents oxidative stress in rats fed with high-fat high-cholesterol diets through attenuation of lipid peroxidation.
Community Building: An Exploration of the Path in Traditional Village Conservation and Renewal with an Example of Yim Tin Tze in Hong Kong
Authors: Li Jialu
Published: September 2022

Traditional villages are the excellent gene bank of Chinese civilization, carrying rich traditional historical and cultural information. As China's rural development undergoes a structural change, it is more crucial than ever to rediscover the preservation and rejuvenation of traditional villages for both human and social development. This paper examines the restoration project and practice of Yim Tin Tze in Sai Kung District, Hong Kong, and combines it with the theoretical framework of the community creation concept and desk research. The objective of the study is to explore the rationality of the current development in Yim Tin Tze and analyze the feasibility of achieving sustainable development in the future. The results of the study revealed that there are kinds of resources in the parts of “people, culture, location, landscape, production”, but it still has a long way to go.
Looking Behind Virtual Lenses: Field Experience, Modeling, Coaching, Feedback, Supervision, and Partnerships
Authors: Lynn Tamara , Farnan Shantel , Rueter Jessica , Moore Adam
Published: September 2022

Small special education programs (SSEPs) are composed of limited faculty tasked with educating interns dispersed across large geographical areas (Reid, 1994). These needs underscore a call for more flexible educational program options. Moreover, Kebritchi et al. (2017) found professors in higher education institutions sought a variety of instructional methods to critically respond to barriers experienced by SEPPs. The purpose of this article is to highlight virtual methods utilized by SSEPs for field experiences, modeling,coaching, feedback, supervision, and partnerships to leverage faculty expertise effectively and efficiently, to expand recruitment in programs, and to support teacher retention efforts. Using the Council for Exceptional Children (CEC) and Collaboration for Effective Educator Development, Accountability, and Reform (CEEDAR) High Leverage Practices (HLPs) of Instruction, Collaboration, and Assessment (McLeskey et al., 2017), this article will look behind the virtual lens to uncover how SSEPs faculty can support interns using a developmental and scaffolded approach.
The Effect of Knowledge Sharing Partners, Leadership Support on the Success of Knowledge Management and Organizational Innovation Performance
Authors: Rodhiah Rodhiah , Nur Hidayah
Published: September 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of peer/peer knowledge sharing on the success of knowledge management. The influence of leadership support on the success of knowledge management Researched 100 SMEs domiciled in the city of Tangerang as research samples, which were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques by distributing questionnaires via google form. The analysis technique uses SEM with the Smart PLS program. The results showed: Sharing knowledge of colleagues on the success of SME knowledge management did not have a significant effect; Leadership support on the success of knowledge management has a significant influence; Leadership support for peer knowledge sharing has a significant effect; The success of knowledge management has a significant influence on innovation performance.
Circular Economy in tourism: Overview of recent developments in research
Authors: Renfors Sanna-Mari
Published: September 2022

The article provides a review of the recent developments and trends in the research on Circular Economy (CE) in tourism and identifies possible research gaps. CE is becoming one of the hot topics in tourism research due to its increased importance in policymaking, especially in Europe. However, the review shows that research on CE in tourism is in its early stages. The studies have mainly focused on CE in tourism at the micro level from environmental and business management perspectives especially in hotels and restaurants. In addition, emerging research themes include circular consumption behaviour, CE and smart tourism, cooperation and networking with the local supply chain as well as circular tourism destination development. Thus, tourism scholars are encouraged to shift their perspective more from micro to macro level to get a holistic picture of CE in tourism. The article outlines some ideas for a research agenda on CE in tourism.
CALCULATION OF POWER BALANCE OF ELECTRIC CAR DURING UNIFORM MOVEMENT
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, A Al-Ammouri , R Ishchenko ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, I Verkhovetska ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2022

In this paper the equation of the power balance of the electric car during uniform movement is received. The key variable in the power balance equation is the speed of the electric car. The object of the study – power balance of the electric car during uniform movement. Purpose of the study – investigation of the balance of power of the electric car during uniform movement and establishment of dependence of values of powers of the electric motor which are spent on overcoming of force of resistance to rolling and force of resistance of air on speed of movement of the electric car. Method of the study – for the purpose of the study, the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization, formulation of conclusions. In this work the power balance of the Nissan Leaf electric car during uniform movement is calculated. It is established that during the uniform movement of the electric car at a speed of up to 40 km/h the main power consumption of the electric motor is aimed at overcoming the rolling resistance. During the steady
CURRENT ASSETS MANAGEMENT AT A MODERN ENTERPRISE
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, L Babich , V Holovatyi ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the substantiation of the scientific and theoretical foundations and factors of influence in the management system of current assets at a modern enterprise. The object of the research is the processes of formation of circulating assets at the enterprise of the State Enterprise «Ukraerorukh» in the context of the study of tendencies to strengthen measures in the management system. The purpose of the work is to deepen, based on the analysis of the formation of circulating assets at a separate enterprise, the scientific and theoretical foundations and the development of proposals for the management of circulating assets in modern economic conditions. 19 Research method – theoretical and analytical substantiation of the processes associated with the management of current assets at the enterprise. The task of ensuring stability in all processes and activities that are important at the enterprise is an indispensable condition for its effective functioning, in which the working capital plays a decisive role, that is, that part of the enterprise's assets that create its necessary material basis. In the article, based on a more indepth study of the basic scientific and theoretical foundations and analytical calculations on the movement of circulating assets for individual structural elements at the enterprise of the State Enterprise " Ukraerorukh ", a number of measures are proposed to manage the circulating assets of enterprises in modern economic conditions in the context of maximum consideration of possible factors and associated risks due to the influence of the internal and especially the external environment. The authors provide their own definition of the category "current assets" The results of the article can be used by domestic enterprises, regardless of the industry to which they belong, in the system of current financial planning and budgeting and in developing financial strategy. Forecast assumptions about the development of the object of study - the search for new management measures and the introduction of a method of optimizing financial decisions, which involves the implementation of a comprehensive model of cash settlements. KEY WORDS: CURRENT ASSETS, CASH, RECEIVABLES, VOLUMES, ENTERPRISE, STRUCTURE, MANAGEMENT, FINANCIAL PLANNING, BUDGETING.
FINITE ELEMENT MODELING OF THE STRESS-STRAIN STATE OF PAVE STRUCTURES UNDER THE ACTION OF TRANSPORT LOADS
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, O Vyshenska
Published: September 2022

A system of differential equations with discontinuous trajectories is considered. The need to study such systems is associated primarily with the demands of the latest technology, where pulse automatic control systems, pulse computing systems have taken a very prominent place and are being intensively developed, 54 expanding the range of their applications in technical problems that are heterogeneous in physical nature and functional purpose.
STRATEGIC-ORIENTED LOGISTICS OUTSOURCING PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN A DYNAMIC EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, T Vorkut , Y Lushchai ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, A Sevostianova ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, N Sribna ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, V Kharuta ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2022

The actuality of the research topic is due to the need to improve and further develop the methodological support of strategic-oriented project management in organizations in terms of interrelated representation of processes at the stages of formulation (formation) and implementation of organizational strategy in the context of functioning and development in a dynamic and / or relatively complex environment. . The purpose of the study is to increase the effectiveness of strategic-oriented project management in a dynamic environment by developing the concept of project-oriented management of interrelated processes at the stages of formation and implementation of organizational strategy of logistics outsourcing - as an evolving strategy. Objectives of the study: to analyze the methods, models, mechanisms and standards of project management on the issues of strategic-oriented project management in the organization; propose a concept of management of the formation and implementation of organizational strategy of logistics outsourcing using a project approach; to develop an approach to the formation of the typology of projects for the development of organizational strategy of logistics outsourcing (DOSLO) with the definition of the relevant conceptual framework; to separate, according to the conditions of structural decomposition, delivery objects for the products of the selected categories of DOSLO projects; to develop a model of management of the use of logistics assets in projects to test the change of the DOSLO phase. Utilized techniques of the research. Based on the assumption supported by descriptive scientific schools in strategic management, as well as following the concept of "evolving strategy", it was concluded that organizational strategy can be presented as a sequence of potentially basic phases of development, the transition between which and changes are treated as an experiment organizations. At the same time to avoid, or at least significantly reduce the likelihood, the occurrence of the problem of "loss of strategy" - has the implementation of these experiments in the form of projects.
OPTIMAL TRACING OF DEEP BOREHOLE TRAJECTORIES BY NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING METHODS
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, V Gulyayev , N Shlyun ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2022

The issues of rational (optimal) trajectory trajectory of oil and gas wells are apparently one of the few areas of the oil and gas industry that still does not use optimal control and nonlinear programming methods. 133 At the same time, the use of these methods makes it possible to design smoother and shorter trajectories with less risk of emergency situations occurring in them, leading to resonant vibrations of the system, buckling of the drill string and its sticking. In addition, in such columns, the conditions for the hydrodynamic and aerodynamic flow of the working fluid are improved, and the likelihood of the formation of blood clots and plugs is reduced. In this paper, a new approach for the optimal design of curved well trajectories based on the application of the anti-gradient descent method is proposed, resolving equations are formulated, algorithms for their solution are developed, a practical example is considered, and it is shown that solving this problem leads to a decrease in the total curvature of the well and its length. KEYWORDS: DEEP BOREHOLE, BOREHOLE TRAJECTORY OPTIMIZATION, ANTIGRADIENT RUNING METHOD, OBJECTIVE FUNCTIONS, NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING.
USE OF METHODS OF SYSTEM ANALYSIS IN THE STUDY OF PROBLEMS OF INTELLECTUAL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, O Gulchak , I Tkachenko ,   Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Kharkiv, Ukraine, Y Shapenko ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2022

This article discusses the use of systems analysis to study the problems of intelligent transport systems. The main problems of transport systems are identified and the main functions of intelligent transport systems are given. The object of research is intelligent transport systems. The purpose of the study – to analyze the feasibility of using methods of systems analysis in the study of problems of intelligent transport systems. The main advantage of intelligent transport systems is the simulation of various events and forecasting of dangerous situations. These systems are an important component of a systematic approach to improving the efficiency of the country's transport system. The lack of research in the field of ITS, implemented using methods and tools of systems analysis, indicates the relevance of this study. It is established that intelligent transport systems are an important component of an integrated approach to improving the efficiency of the transport system with a significant expansion of information infrastructure: collection, transmission, processing and storage of information about the transport system in real time and operational dispatch coordination. KEY WORDS: TRANSPORT, TRANSPORT PROBLEMS, SYSTEM ANALYSIS, SYSTEM APPROACH, TRANSPORT SYSTEMS, INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM.
INFLUENCE OF THE COMBINED METHOD OF POWER REGULATION IMPLEMENTATION WAY ON SPARK IGNITION ENGINE’S MECHANICAL LOSSES AND FUEL ECONOMY
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Y Gutarevych , S Rychok ,   State Entreprise «State Road Transport Research Institute», Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2022

The article considers ways to evaluate the influence of various implementations of the combined method of power regulating of the engine with spark ignition on mechanical losses and fuel economy. The object of research is a method of power regulating of a spark-ignition engine. The purpose of the study is to evaluate different ways to improve the combined method of power regulating of a spark-ignition engine. A theoretical study of various implementations of the combined method of power regulating of the engine with spark ignition. The study took into account the results of previous studies in this area. According to the results of this study, it is established that when the group of cylinders is deactivated with free air intake, mechanical losses can be reduced and fuel efficiency can be improved by 5...11% in comparison with disabling only a fuel supply with unchanged gas exchange system . KEY WORDS: CYLINDER DISCONNECTION, FUEL ECONOMY, POWER ADJUSTMENT
MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SIMULATION OF THE STRESS STATE CAUSED BY THE DISPLACEMENT OF A RIGID CIRCLE DISC IN A PIEZOELECTRIC SPACE
Authors:   Timoshenko Institute of mechanics of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine,, V Kirilyuk , O Levchuk ,   Timoshenko Institute of mechanics of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine,, V Gavrilenko ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, M Viter ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2022

Using the mathematical model that takes into account the coupling of force and electric fields in piezoelectric bodies, the stress distribution that occurs when a rigid thin circle disk moves along the axis of symmetry of an electroelastic transversely isotropic material is studied. The exact solution of the space problem of electroelasticity is obtained on the basis of the solution representing of the static equations of electroelasticity for a transversely isotropic body through harmonic functions and using a harmonic potential of a special type. As special cases, from the found analytical solution follow the expressions for evaluating the stress state in an elastic transversely isotropic material for the displacement of a circle hard disk. Computer simulation have been carried out, the influence of the coupling of the force and electric fields on the distribution of stresses under a rigid circle disk. 233 KEY WORDS: MATHEMATICAL MODEL, COMPUTER SIMULATION, PIEZOELECTRIC SPACE, HARD CIRCLE DISK, ELECTRICAL AND STRESS STATE, STRESS DISTRIBUTION, FIELD COUPLING EFFECT.
APPLICATION OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF A LINEAR MULTIFACTOR MODEL OF CARGO TRANSPORTATION IN INTERNATIONAL CONNECTION
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, V Lebid , Y Meish ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, N Maiborodina ,   Separated Subdivision National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine «Nizhyn Agrotechnical Institute» Nizhyn, Ukraine,, V Gerasymenko ,   Separated Subdivision National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine «Nizhyn Agrotechnical Institute» Nizhyn, Ukraine,
Published: September 2022

The paper presents the problem of building multifactor models of international freight. 266 The object of the study is a multifactor model of international freight. The purpose of the work is to set the problem and build a linear multifactor model of international freight. Research methods include the main provisions of the theory of mathematical modeling, econometric methods of building models of real processes. The problem statement is considered and the linear multifactor model of international freight transport is constructed. The results obtained in the work can be used to predict the operation of a transport enterprise. KEY WORDS: LINEAR MODEL, MULTIFACTOR MODEL, INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORTATION, FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION, ECONOMETRIC METHODS
ANALYSIS OF EXISTING METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF ADHESION BETWEEN LAYERS OF ROADWEAR
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, L Levkivska , I Hrynchak ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, J Elallak ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2022

This article is devoted to the study of the quality of adhesion between the asphalt concrete layers of pavement. It is established that the lack of effective methods and appropriate modern equipment or devices does not allow to control the quality of the road structure and affect the composition of the asphalt mixture in the design of pavement in order to improve its technical characteristics. The purpose of the work is to analyze the existing methods, devices and equipment for assessing the quality of adhesion between asphalt concrete layers during shear in the construction of pavement. Research methods - theoretical and experimental. The analysis of the factors influencing interlayer tangential stresses and deformations and leading to loss of stability at shift on highways of Ukraine is carried out. A literature review of data on existing analytical and experimental methods for estimating adhesion during shear between asphalt concrete layers has been carried out. Based on the results of research, taking into account climatic conditions and load parameters from modern vehicles, it is possible to further substantiate the parameters of the optimal method of determining the quality of adhesion between asphalt concrete layers of pavement and develop an automated device to determine it. The results of the work are recommended to be used for quality control during the construction and operation of asphalt concrete layers of pavement. Scope - construction and operation of public roads. Socio-economic efficiency of work is to increase the durability of roads, which will reduce operating costs, increase track stability and road safety. KEY WORDS: ROAD CLOTHES, STRENGTH, ADHESION BETWEEN LAYERS, STRESSSTRAIN STATE, CLIMATE CONDITIONS, TRANSPORT LOADS
LOGISTIC APPROACH TO THE ORGANIZATION OF UNBALANCED FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION ON TRANSPORT NETWORKS
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, H Prokudin , O Chupaylenko ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, T Khobotnia ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, K Hilevska ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, O Denis ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2022

This article describes the logistics approach, which through the use of transport technologies solves the problem of optimal organization of unbalanced transportation of goods on transport networks. This situation often arises when the volume of deliveries of goods from its suppliers exceeds the capacity of warehouses of its consumers. In this case, we are faced with the need to use intermediate points for the temporary storage of surplus cargo and as a consequence of a multi-stage transport task. The object of research is the process of freight management on transport networks. The purpose of the work is to study the peculiarities of decision-making on freight transport management on transport networks with the use of information technology. Research methods - the method of reducing the network representation of freight into a matrix model and the method of potentials to find the optimal plan of freight. The matrix of transport correspondence between suppliers, consumers and intermediate points is not set explicitly, but simply introduced a map of their location, ie the transport task is set using the transport network. With the help of the modified Dijkstra method, the shortest routes between suppliers and consumers of cargo are found on the transport network, as well as between them and intermediate points for temporary storage of excess cargo. The optimal plan of cargo transportation is calculated with the help of the designed software and tool complex, which combines the stage of reduction of the network representation of the scheme of cargo delivery to the tabular form and the stage of planning and further implementation of mass cargo transportation on the transport network. KEY WORDS: FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION, TRANSPORT NETWORK, MULTI-STAGE TRANSPORT TASK, OPTIMIZATION, SOFTWARE-INSTRUMENT COMP.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF ROUTE, ROAD AND OPERATIONAL FACTORS ON THE TRANSPORT ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF URBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, I Fedorenko
Published: September 2022

The article establishes the relevance of using simulation test methods of technical and technological energy saving and increasing technological competitiveness of motor transport services according to energy criteria when renewing the fleet of buses for urban passenger transportation. It is shown that the existing methodology of bus transport organization does not provide urban passenger bus fleet renewal according to the concept of operational and technological energy saving and improvement of technological competitiveness of automobile transport services. According to the results of multivariate modeling the interrelation between the tasks of formation of energy saving technologies of passenger urban road transport and improvement of the method of technological selection of buses for urban routes with taking into account different (technical, operational and routing) factors. Quantitative dependences of influence of technical, operational and route factors on indexes of transport energy efficiency of transportations and operational intensity of machine procedures of bus transport technologies are received. The object of the research is the energy-consuming process of urban bus transportations taking into account the influence of various factors (technical, operational and route factors). Purpose of work – analysis of route and operational factors influence on transport energy efficiency of urban passenger transportation based on test modeling of bus operation as resource-technical means of motor transport technology. The method of the research is evolution-simulation analysis of transport energy efficiency of transportation and operational intensity of machine procedures of bus transportation technology in multiphase test operations, in which city route network conditions and different factors of bus transportation are taken into account, using software and methods of test-simulation analysis of generalized type vehicles of the NTU Department of Transport Technologies. 407 The results of the article and the method can be implemented by managers of passenger motor transport for long-term management of conceptually oriented development of resource and technological basis of motor transport enterprises and technological processes of bus transportation in cities. KEYWORDS: BUS, URBAN PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION, TRANSPORT ENERGY EFFICIENCY, OPERATIONAL INTENSITY OF MACHINE PROCEDURES, TECHNOLOGY TECHNICAL AND OPERATIONAL FACTORS, EVOLUTIONARY MODELING
METHODOLOGY OF CONCEPTUAL MANAGEMENT OF TECHNOLOGICALLY SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN MOTOR TRANSPORT
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, V Khabutdinov
Published: September 2022

The article discusses the methodology of conceptual management of technologically sustainable development in motor transport, which is based on the scientific and practical concept of high-tech and resource-efficient reproduction of motor transport services. It is shown that the existing techno-empirical methods of organization and economics of the motor transport process do not provide conceptual management of technological development in motor transport due to the use of a theoretical scheme for the virtual transportation of goods and passengers, and also because of the axioms of negation: the material and productive essence of resources, motor transport technologies and processes. Based on the new materialproduction and technological-innovative paradigm of knowledge about motor transport, a conceptual-criteria apparatus and a set of strategies for the conceptual management of the technologically sustainable development of the elements of the resource-technological basis and the processes of road transportations by motor transport are proposed, The object of the study is the process of material road transportation, taking into account the properties of technical resources and components of motor transport technology. The purpose of the work is the formation of the main control logic, scientific concepts, criteria and a comprehensive objective function of the conceptual management of technologically sustainable development in motor transport. The research method is evolutionary and simulation synthesis of the conceptual objective function of technologically innovative management in motor transport, taking into account the concept of energy resource synergy in the motor transport system. The results of the article can be used by technologically competent managers of motor transport to implement strategies for the conceptual management of technologically sustainable development in motor transport. Predictive assumptions about the development of the object of study – the implementation of methods and strategies for the conceptual management of technologically sustainable development of resource and technological bases, road transportation processes and a complex of transport functions in motor transport enterprises. KEY WORDS: CONCEPT, TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS, MOTOR TRANSPORT, FUNCTIONS, RESOURCES, MOTOR TRANSPORT TECHNOLOGY, ROAD TRANSPORTATION PROCESSES, MANAGEMENT, ENERGY RESOURCE EFFICIENCY, LIFE CYCLE, MOTOR TRANSPORT SERVICES, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.
THERMOPLASTIC DEFORMATIONS OF ASPHALT CONCRETE LAYER ON A METAL BRIDGE PLATE WHEN ASPHALT CONCRETE THICKNESS IS CHANGED
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, L Shevchuk
Published: September 2022

Based on the theory of thermoelasticity, the problem of the thermally stressed state of a two-layer fragment of a bridge structure, consisting of a metal base and an asphalt concrete upper layer, is considered under conditions of changing ambient temperature at different values of the asphalt concrete thickness. It is believed that the materials of the layers are characterized by different thermomechanical parameters, which determine the inhomogeneity of the stress and strain fields. It has been established by computer modeling that these factors lead to the concentration of stresses and strains and a change in the stress-strain state of the bridge structure of the driving deck, which is not taken into account in modern practice of designing and operating bridges, and is one of the causes of premature destruction of the asphalt concrete pavement of the road bridge. To eliminate these shortcomings, on the basis of finite element algorithms, a theoretical analysis of the thermally stressed state of a metal orthotropic slab with an asphalt concrete pavement was performed at different ratios of their thicknesses. It is shown that a decrease in the thickness of the upper layer can lead to an increase in the contact and normal tensile stresses initiated in it. Therefore, when designing bridge structures, these features should be taken into account additionally. KEYWORDS: BRIDGE STRUCTURE, ASPHALT-CONCRETE COATING, ORTHOTROPIC PLATE, TRACKED TRACKS, TRANSPORT LOADS, STRESS FIELD, THERMO ELASTIC STATE.
APPLICATION OF ELEMENTS OF INTELLECTUAL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS IN CARGO TRANSPORTATION
Authors:   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine, S Shyriaieva , I Diachenko ,   National Transport University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: September 2022

The article considers the problems of application of elements of intelligent transport systems in cargo transportation to transport enterprises of Ukraine. Calculations of economic indicators from the introduction of RFID-chips on the example of the existing motor transport enterprise «LOGISTIC UA» are performed. The object of research is the process of transportation of goods. The purpose of the work is to improve the process of cargo transportation with the use of elements of intelligent transport systems. The research method is the analytical. To simplify the tracking and control of transport characteristics of goods, it is proposed to introduce the use of RFID technologies in transport companies, namely RFID chips, which is a very economical and effective tool in transport logistics. The methodology for calculating the economic benefits from the introduction of RFID chips in transport companies is presented and its effectiveness in practice is proved. KEY WORDS: INTELLECTUAL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS, RFID-CHIPS, CARGO TRANSPORTATION.
Metformin carbon nanodots promote odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells by pathway of autophagy
Authors: Lu Jinjin , Li Rui , Ni Shilei , Xie Yuandong , Liu Xinchen , Zhang Kai , Li Yi
Published: September 2022

Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have been a focus of pulp regeneration research because of their excellent odontogenic potential and availability. Applying the odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs to tooth regeneration has been challenging. Metformin-based carbon nanodots (MCDs) were synthesized and characterized to investigate their effects in vitro on odontoblastic hDPSC differentiation and the underlying mechanism. MCDs were synthesized by a hydrothermal treatment method and characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The biocompatibility and fluorescence properties of the MCDs in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium high-glucose culture medium and the in vitro odontogenic potential and related mechanism of the bioactive nanomaterial was explored. TEM images showed that MCDs were spherical in shape with a size of approximately 5.9 nm. MCDs showed biological safety in cell viability, apoptosis, and fluorescence labelling ability at a concentration up to 200 μg/ml in vitro. The presence of MCDs facilitated high-efficiency odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs by promoting odontogenic gene and protein expression. Moreover, MCDs promoted odontoblastic hDPSC differentiation via autophagy. MCDs are capable of activating autophagy and enhancing the odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs by upregulating odontoblast gene marker (DMP1, DSPP, RUNX2, and SP7) and protein (DSPP and DMP1) expression.
CSF circulation and dispersion yield rapid clearance from intracranial compartments
Authors: Hornkjøl Martin , Valnes Lars Magnus , Ringstad Geir , Rognes Marie E. , Eide Per-Kristian , Mardal Kent-André , Vinje Vegard
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we used a computational model to estimate the clearance of a tracer driven by the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) produced in the choroid plexus (CP) located within the lateral ventricles. CSF was assumed to exit the subarachnoid space (SAS) via different outflow routes such as the parasagittal dura, cribriform plate, and/or meningeal lymphatics. We also modelled a reverse case where fluid was produced within the spinal canal and absorbed in the choroid plexus in line with observations on certain iNPH patients. No directional interstitial fluid flow was assumed within the brain parenchyma. Tracers were injected into the foramen magnum. The models demonstrate that convection in the subarachnoid space yields rapid clearance from both the SAS and the brain interstitial fluid and can speed up intracranial clearance from years, as would be the case for purely diffusive transport, to days.
Patient-specific numerical investigation of the correction of cervical kyphotic deformity based on a retrospective clinical case
Authors: Wu Tianchi , Chen Hongyu , Sun Yu , Xia Tian , Zhou Feifei , Lu William W.
Published: September 2022

Little research has been reported on evaluating the safety of the fixation construct in cervical kyphosis correction. In this study, we proposed a principal-strain criterion to evaluate the safety of the fixation construct and validated the modeling method against a retrospective case of anterior cervical discectomy fusion (ACDF). From C2 to T2 vertebra bodies, fixation instruments were reconstructed and positioned as per postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans. Head weight (HW) and various moments estimated from isometric strength data were imposed onto the C2. The postoperative stability of non-surgical segments, deformations surrounding the screw trajectories, and contact slipping on zygapophysial joints were analyzed. The model was validated against the reality that the patient had a good fusion and deformity correction. The ACDF restricted the range of motions (ROMs) of cervical segments and lent stability to vertebra fusion, no failure was found in the finite element (FE) model of cervical vertebrae. The deformation surrounding the screw trajectories were concentrated to the lateral sides of trajectories, recommending that the shape of the anterior cervical plate conforming to the curvature of the vertebra and screws fully inserted into vertebrae reduced the deformation concentration around the screw trajectories.
Applications of phase change materials in smart drug delivery for cancer treatment
Authors: Bao Jianfeng , Tu Hui , Li Jing , Li Yijia , Yu Shan , Gao Jingpi , Lei Kun , Zhang Fengshou , Li Jinghua
Published: September 2022

Phase change materials (PCMs) are materials that are stimulated by the external enthalpy change (temperature) to realize solid-liquid and liquid-solid phase transformation. Due to temperature sensitivity, friendly modification, and low toxicity, PCMs have been widely used in smart drug delivery. More often than not, the drug was encapsulated in a solid PCMs matrix, a thermally responsive material. After the trigger implementation, PCMs change into a solid-liquid phase, and the loading drug is released accordingly. Therefore, PCMs can achieve precise release control with different temperature adjustments, which is especially important for small molecular drugs with severe side effects. The combination of drug therapy and hyperthermia through PCMs can achieve more accurate and effective treatment of tumor target areas. This study briefly summarizes the latest developments on PCMs as smart gate-keepers for anti-tumor applications in light of PCMs becoming a research hot spot in the nanomedicine sector in recent years.
Identification of a new member of Mortaparib class of inhibitors that target mortalin and PARP1
Authors: Meidinna Hazna Noor , Shefrin Seyad , Sari Anissa Nofita , Zhang Huayue , Dhanjal Jaspreet Kaur , Kaul Sunil C. , Sundar Durai , Wadhwa Renu
Published: September 2022

Mortalin, a heat shock family protein enriched in cancer cells, is known to inactivate tumor suppressor protein p53. Abrogation of mortalin-p53 interaction and reactivation of p53 has been shown to trigger growth arrest/apoptosis in cancer cells and hence, suggested to be useful in cancer therapy. In this premise, we earlier screened a chemical library to identify potential disruptors of mortalin-p53 interaction, and reported two novel synthetic small molecules (5-[1-(4-methoxyphenyl) (1,2,3,4-tetraazol-5-yl)]-4-phenylpyrimidine-2-ylamine) and (4-[(1E)-2-(2-phenylindol-3-yl)-1-azavinyl]-1,2,4-triazole) called Mortaparib and MortaparibPlus, respectively. These compounds were shown to possess anticancer activity that was mediated through targeting mortalin and PARP1 proteins, essential for cancer cell survival and proliferation. Here, we report characterization of the third compound, {4-[(4-amino-5-thiophen-2-yl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanylmethyl]-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine}, isolated in the same screening. Extensive computational and molecular analyses suggested that the new compound has the capability to interact with mortalin, p53, and PARP1. We provide evidence that this new compound, although required in high concentration as compared to the earlier two compounds (Mortaparib and MortaparibPlus) and hence called MortaparibMild, also downregulates mortalin and PARP1 expression and functions in multiple ways impeding cancer cell proliferation and migration characteristics. MortaparibMild is a novel candidate anticancer compound that warrants further experimental and clinical attention.
Perilipin-2 promotes lipid droplet-plasma membrane interactions that facilitate apocrine lipid secretion in secretory epithelial cells of the mouse mammary gland
Authors: Monks Jenifer , Orlicky David J. , Libby Andrew E. , Dzieciatkowska Monica , Ladinsky Mark S. , McManaman James L.
Published: September 2022

Secretory epithelial cells (sMEC) in mammary glands of lactating animals secrete lipids by a novel apocrine mechanism in which cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LD) contact and are enveloped by elements of the apical plasma membrane (APM) before being released into the lumen of the gland as membrane bound structures. The molecular properties of LD-APM contacts and the mechanisms regulating LD membrane envelopment and secretion are not fully understood. Perilipin-2 (Plin2) is a constitutive LD protein that has been proposed to tether LD to the APM through formation of a complex with the transmembrane protein, butyrophilin1a1 (BTN) and the redox enzyme, xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR). Using mice lacking Plin2 and physiological inhibition of apocrine lipid secretion, we demonstrate that LD-APM contact and envelopment are mechanistically distinct steps that they are differentially regulated by Plin2 and independent of LD secretion. We find that Plin2 is not required for formation of LD-APM contacts. However, it increases the percentage of LD that contact the APM and mediates enlargement of the LD-APM contact zone as LD undergo membrane envelopment. The effects of Plin2 LD-APM interactions are associated with increased abundances of BTN, XOR and Cidea, which are implicated as mediators of LD-APM contact formation, on membranes surrounding secreted LD, and with promotion of glycocalyx remodeling at LD-APM contact sites. We propose that Plin2 does not directly mediate contact between LD and the APM but acts by enhancing molecular interactions that stabilize LD-APM contacts and govern membrane envelopment of LD during apocrine lipid secretion. Plin2 does not appear to significantly affect the lipid content of milk in fully lactating animals, but it does increase lipid secretion at the onset of lactation in primaparous dams, which suggest a role in facilitating apocrine lipid secretion in sMEC during their initial transition to a secretory phenotype.
Disruption of mitochondria-associated ER membranes impairs insulin sensitivity and thermogenic function of adipocytes
Authors: Wang Chih-Hao , Wang Chen-Hung , Hung Pen-Jung , Wei Yau-Huei
Published: September 2022

The prevalence and healthcare burden of obesity and its related metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) are increasing rapidly. A better understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases helps to find the therapeutic strategies. Mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are two important organelles involved in the maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ and ROS homeostasis. Their functional defects are thought to participate in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance or T2D. The proper structure and function of the mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) is required for efficient communication between the ER and mitochondria and defects in MAMs have been shown to play a role in metabolic syndrome and other diseases. However, the detailed mechanism to link MAMs dysfunction and pathogenesis of insulin resistance or T2D remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that the proteins involved in .MAMs structure are upregulated and the formation of MAMs is increased during adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Disruption of MAMs by knocking down GRP75, which is responsible for connecting ER and mitochondria, led to the impairment of differentiation and ROS accumulation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Most importantly, the differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes with GRP75 knockdown displayed inactivation of insulin signaling pathway upon insulin stimulation. Moreover, GRP75 knockdown impaired thermogenesis and glucose utilization in brown adipocytes, the adipocytes with abundant mitochondria that regulate whole-body energy homeostasis. Taken together, our findings suggest that MAMs formation is essential for promoting mitochondrial function and maintaining a proper redox status to enable the differentiation of preadipocytes and normal functioning such as insulin signaling and thermogenesis in mature adipocytes.
More than a duologue: In-depth insights into epitranscriptomics and ferroptosis
Authors: Cheung Justin Chak Ting , Deng Guangzheng , Wong Nathalie , Dong Yujuan , Ng Simon Siu Man
Published: September 2022

Beyond transcription, RNA molecules are enzymatically modified to influence the biological functions of living organisms. The term “epitranscriptomics” describes the changes in RNA strands aside from altering the innate sequences. Modifications on adenosine (A) are the most widely characterized epitranscriptomic modification, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), polyadenylation, and adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, and modifications on other nucleotides seem to be fewer, such as N7-methylguanosine (m7G), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), and pseudouridine (Ψ). These changes on the RNA strand surface, exclusively by their RNA-modifying proteins (RMPs), are reported in various biological phenomena, including programmed cell death (PCD). One necro-biological phenomenon that has been observed for long but has started to gain heed in recent years is “ferroptosis.” The phospholipid peroxidation by polyunsaturated-fatty-acid-containing-phospholipid hydroperoxyl (PLOOH) radicals destroys membrane integrity due to a series of mechanisms. The Fenton reaction, constituting the final Haber–Weiss reaction that is less recognized, collaboratively leading to the conversion of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) to PLOOH, is the etymological origin of ferroptosis. However, it is with increasing evidence that ferroptotic signaling is also intervened by epitranscriptomic modifications, although the truth is still ambiguous. We attempted to delineate some up-to-date discoveries on both epitranscriptomics and ferroptosis, bringing up the fundamentals to address any potential connection between the two. Next, we discussed whether a duologal relationship, or more, exists between the two, taking the ROS level and iron status into consideration. Lastly, we surveyed future perspectives that would favor the understanding of these topics.