bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ternary-salt solid polymer electrolyte for high-rate and long-life lithium metal batteries
Authors: Liu Zhi Kang , Guan Jun , Yang Hai Xia , Sun Peng Xiao , Li Nian Wu , Yu Le
Published: August 2022

A ternary-salt solid polymer electrolyte consisting of LiPF6-LiTFSI-LiFSI salts and poly(1,3-dioxolane) was developed through anin situpolymerization for a stable Li metal anode.
Synergistically activated dual-locked fluorescent probes to monitor H2S-induced DNA damage
Authors: Wang Yafu , Zhao Xiaoli , Chen Yuehua , James Tony D. , Wang Ge , Zhang Hua
Published: August 2022

NAN0-N3 and NAN6-N3 could monitor DNA damage induced by the overexpression of H2S.
Methyl blue@CUST-580 composite as a simultaneous fluorescence-enhanced dual-emission platform for the enhanced detection of antibiotics
Authors: Song Xing , Hu Xiaoli , Lin Zihan , Ma Chaohong , Su Zhongmin
Published: August 2022

A novel Cd-based MOF [(Cd)2O(BIMB)0.5(BTB)] (CUST-580) was successfully synthesized. By soaking methyl blue dye molecules, a methyl blue@CUST-580 composite with double emission for the detection of antibiotic NFT was studied.
Binding of saturated and unsaturated C6-hydrocarbons to the electrophilic anion [B12Br11]−: a systematic mechanistic study
Authors: Ma Xin , Rohdenburg Markus , Knorke Harald , Kawa Sebastian , Liu Judy Kuan-Yu , Aprà Edoardo , Asmis Knut R. , Azov Vladimir A. , Laskin Julia , Jenne Carsten , Kenttämaa Hilkka I. , Warneke Jonas
Published: August 2022

Highly reactive closed-shell molecular anions [B12Br11]− spontaneously form covalent bonds with hydrocarbon molecules, including very unreactive alkanes, in the gas phase.
Silica dimerization in the presence of divalent cations
Authors: Prasad Dipak , Mitra Nilanjan
Published: August 2022

The presence of divalent cations raises activation energy barrier and delays overall dimerization reaction.
A new phosphorene allotrope: the assembly of phosphorene nanoribbons and chains
Authors: Dai Congling , Cai Xinyong , Ni Yuxiang , Chen Yuanzheng , Wang Hongyan
Published: August 2022

The novel phosphorene allotrope has broad application prospects, which is designed through the self-assembly of blue phosphorus nanobelts and black phosphorus chains.
Optoelectronic simulation of a four-terminal all-inorganic CsPbI3/CZTSSe tandem solar cell with high power conversion efficiency
Authors: Wang Dan , Yao Shunwei , Zhong Yening , Peng Lin , Shi Tingting , Chen Jin , Liu Xiaolin , Lin Jia
Published: August 2022

A four-terminal CsPbI3/CZTSSe tandem solar cell was simulated, affording a summed power conversion efficiency of 32.35%. The study provides a promising reference for designing high-efficiency solar cells.
Mechanistic insights into the mitigation of Aβ aggregation and protofibril destabilization by ad-enantiomeric decapeptide rk10
Authors: Singh Kamaljot , Kaur Anupamjeet , Goyal Deepti , Goyal Bhupesh
Published: August 2022

MD simulations highlighted that rk10 induces a significant increase in helical and a complete reduction of β–sheet content in Aβ42monomer. Remarkably, rk10 destabilized Aβ42protofibril by lowering the binding affinity between protofibril chains.
Molecular insights into the oligomerization dynamics and conformations of amyloidogenic and non-amyloidogenic amylin from discrete molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Wang Ying , Liu Yuying , Zhang Yu , Wei Guanghong , Ding Feng , Sun Yunxiang
Published: August 2022

hIAPP and hIAPP(S20G) could spontaneously assemble into β-sheet-rich oligomers and β-barrel formations, and the β-barrel propensity of hIAPP(S20G) was three times larger than that of hIAPP. rIAPP predominantly nucleated into helix-abundant structures.
Highlighting the difference in nanostructure between domain-forming and domainless protic ionic liquids
Authors: Sedov Igor A. , Magsumov Timur I.
Published: August 2022

Nanoheterogeneity in some ionic liquids is a known phenomenon, but quantifying or sometimes even identifying it is not a straightforward task.
Phase separation in bismuth doped Mg2Si0.5Ge0.5thermoelectric alloy
Authors: Cahana Meital , Hayun Hagay , Gelbstein Yaniv
Published: August 2022

High purity induction melted bismuth-doped Mg2Si0.5Ge0.5alloys exhibit a thermodynamic driven phase separation into Mg2Si- and Mg2Ge- rich phases, which is enhanced by the addition of Bi, leading to an impressiveZTof 0.9.
The primary photo-dissociation dynamics of aqueous formamide and dimethylformamide
Authors: Thøgersen Jan , Weidner Tobias , Jensen Frank
Published: August 2022

Photo-excitation of aqueous formamide and dimethylformamide at λ = 200 nm breaks the peptide-like XN–CO bond.
Experimental investigation and thermodynamic modeling of phase equilibria in the Ag–Ni–Zr ternary system
Authors: Shi Yuchao , Hu Biao , Jin Chenggang , Luo Min , Liu Shuhong , Du Yong , Hu Jieqiong
Published: August 2022

The phase equilibria of the Ag–Ni–Zr ternary system were systematically studied by experiments and thermodynamic assessment.
Altered coordination in a blue copper protein upon association with redox partner revealed by carbon–deuterium vibrational probes
Authors: Mammoser Claire C. , Agh Ryan E. , Garcia Nicholas M. , Wang Yiqi , Thielges Megan C.
Published: August 2022

IR spectroscopy of a carbon–deuterium vibrational probe reveals that binding of the redox partner induces significant strengthening of the Cu-Cys89 bond in plastocyanin.
Breaking the symmetry of single-atom catalysts enables an extremely low energy barrier and high stability for large-current-density water splitting
Authors: Mu Xueqin , Gu Xiangyao , Dai Shipeng , Chen Jiabing , Cui Yujia , Chen Qu , Yu Min , Chen Changyun , Liu Suli , Mu Shichun
Published: August 2022

The single-atomic-site doping of oxophilic-metal (Ru) species in FeCo-LDH leads to the active atom reconstruction at symmetry-breaking interfaces and then the excellent catalytic performance for OER/HER and overall water splitting at large current densities.
Doppler splitting and expansion dynamics of laser-produced plasma plume under a high vacuum ambience
Authors: Kuwahara Akira , Murakami Kenta , Tomita Hideki , Sawada Kayo , Enokida Youichi
Published: August 2022

Doppler splitting appeared after the plume front passed because of the formation of the contact layer and quasi-cavity in the plasma plume and the movement of atoms in the lateral direction at a high vacuum.
Nanoclays in medicine: a new frontier of an ancient medical practice
Authors: Katti Kalpana S. , Jasuja Haneesh , Jaswandkar Sharad V. , Mohanty Sibanwita , Katti Dinesh R.
Published: August 2022

Clays have been used as early as 2500 BC in human civilization for medicinal purposes.
Influence of the photodeposition sequence on the photocatalytic activity of plasmonic Ag–Au/TiO2 nanocomposites
Authors: Bhuskute Bela D. , Ali-Löytty Harri , Honkanen Mari , Salminen Turkka , Valden Mika
Published: August 2022

Plasmonic AgAu alloy nanoparticles were fabricated on TiO2 (P25) utilizing the galvanic replacement reaction during sequential photodeposition of Au after Ag.
Hexacoordinate high-spin Fe(iii) complexes composed of a pentadentate amino-type ligand and pseudohalido coligands
Authors: Mičová Romana , Bielková Zuzana , Rajnák Cyril , Titiš Ján , Gembický Milan , Renz Franz , Malina Ondřej , Samoľová Erika , Nováčiková Jana , Boča Roman
Published: August 2022

A new series of Fe(iii) mononuclear complexes of the [Fe(Lam)(X)] type {where X = Cl (1), NCSe (2), NCS (3), N3 (4), and NCO (5)} have been prepared and characterized in detail.
Graphene oxide-supported highly porous TiO2 nanoleaflets for the ultrafast adsorption and photochemical decomposition of 2,4,6-trinitrotolune in water
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Bharti  , Sharma Pankaj Kumar , Rai Pramod Kumar
Published: August 2022

Synthesis of a novel, reduced graphene oxide TiO2 nanoleaflets composite as a photocatalyst for the removal of trinitrotoluene explosive from water is reported.
Tuning the stability of liquids by controlling the formation of interfacial surfactants
Authors: Yang Xiaoying , Zhong Zhaocan , Zhou Shiyuan , Gu Peiyang , Xu Qingfeng , Lu Jianmei
Published: August 2022

Influence of molecular structure on assembly. Planar small molecules can be used to construct structured liquids, while non-planar molecules cannot.
Melamine functionalised multiwalled carbon nanotubes (M-MWCNTs) as a metal-free electrocatalyst for simultaneous determination of 4-nitrophenol and nitrofurantoin
Authors: Dighole Raviraj P. , Munde Ajay V. , Mulik Balaji B. , Zade Sanjio S. , Sathe Bhaskar R.
Published: August 2022

An innovative melamine functionalised multiwalled carbon nanotube (M-MWCNTs) based electrochemical sensor has been developed for the determination of environmental nitro-aromatic pollutants, such as 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) and nitrofurantoin (NFT).
Synthesis and characterization of hydrophilic functionalized organosilicon copolymers containing triazole and silylimidate/silylacrylate groups
Authors: Pozdnyakov Alexander , Kuznetsova Nadezhda , Ivanova Anastasia , Bolgova Yuliya , Semenova Tatyana , Trofimova Olga , Emel'yanov Artem
Published: August 2022

Novel functionalized organosilicon copolymers of various compositions based on 1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole as a hydrophilic monomer and N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)prop-2-enecarboximidate as a hydrophobic monomer have been synthesized and characterized.
Polymerization-induced self-assembly of random bottlebrush copolymers
Authors: Mei Gaohuai , Zheng Yinan , Fu Yeran , Huo Meng
Published: August 2022

RAFT-mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) was exploited to evaluating the self-assembly behavior of amphiphilic random P[PEGMA-co-(HEMA-g-PS)] bottlebrush copolymers.
Enhanced adsorptive removal of indigo carmine dye by bismuth oxide doped MgO based adsorbents from aqueous solution: equilibrium, kinetic and computational studies
Authors: Adam Fatima A. , Ghoniem M. G. , Diawara Moussa , Rahali Seyfeddine , Abdulkhair Babiker Y. , Elamin M. R. , Ben Aissa Mohamed Ali , Seydou Mahamadou
Published: August 2022

The IC adsorption mechanism on the Bi2O3 doped MgO nanosorbents occurred through the chemisorption process.
Laser-treated wood for high-efficiency solar thermal steam generation
Authors: Wang Shu-Wei , Xie Han-Lin , Xia You-Yi , Zhang He-Xin , Yoon Keun-Byoung
Published: August 2022

Solar-driven water vaporization is considered one of the most sustainable ways to solve waterscarcity.
Functionalised electrospun membranes (TETA-PVC) for the removal of lead(ii) from water
Authors: Youness Fatima , Jaafar Amani , Tehrani Ali , Bilbeisi Rana A.
Published: August 2022

Driven by the need for delivering sustainable water purification solutions for the removal of heavy metals from water, TETA functionalised electrospun PVC membranes were fabricated and used to remove lead(ii) ions selectively from water.
Ultrabright carbon dots as a fluorescent nano sensor for Pb2+ detection
Authors: Long Xiang , Li Ruixue , Xiang Jiamei , Wu Shaogui , Wang Jiayang
Published: August 2022

An interesting phenomenon of ultrabright fluorescent carbon dots as a metal ion sensor for Pb2+ ion detection.
Recent progress in the chemistry of β-aminoketones
Authors: Hammouda Mohamed M. , Elattar Khaled M.
Published: August 2022

The current study highlighted the significance of β-aminoketones as privileged biologically active molecules, recent synthetic strategies, and synthetic applications.
All-atom molecular dynamics simulations of the combined effects of different phospholipids and cholesterol content on electroporation
Authors: Guo Fei , Wang Ji , Zhou Jiong , Qian Kun , Qu Hongchun , Liu Ping , Zhai Shidong
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we applied all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study the effects of phospholipids and cholesterol content on bilayer membrane electroporation.
Novel fluorescence sensor for the selective recognition of tetracycline based on molecularly imprinted polymer-capped N-doped carbon dots
Authors: Wang Qihui , Wu Yiwen , Bao Xumei , Yang Min , Liu Jun , Sun Kang , Li Zhonghui , Deng Guowei
Published: August 2022

A novel fluorescent probe based on MIP coupled with N-doped CDs was prepared and used for sensitive recognition of tetracycline.
Fundamental understanding of the size and surface modification effects on r1, the relaxivity of Prussian blue nanocube@m-SiO2: a novel targeted chemo-photodynamic theranostic agent to treat colon cancer
Authors: Sahoo Panchanan , Kundu Sudip , Roy Shubham , Sharma S. K. , Ghosh Jiten , Mishra Snehasis , Mukherjee Abhishek , Ghosh Chandan Kumar
Published: August 2022

A targeted multimodal strategy on a single nanoplatform is attractive in the field of nanotheranostics for the complete ablation of cancer.
Fluorescent cellulose nanocrystals based on AIE luminogen for rapid detection of Fe3+ in aqueous solutions
Authors: Ye Xiu , Zhang Dongyang , Wang Sai , Zhou Peng , Zhu Pengli
Published: August 2022

AIE-active fluorescent cellulose nanocrystals (TPE-CNCs) is developed as a high selectivity and sensitivity fluorescent probe for rapid detection of Fe3+ in aqueous solutions.
Heavy water recycling for producing deuterium compounds
Authors: Akutsu-Suyama Kazuhiro , Sajiki Hironao , Ueda Misaki , Asamoto Makiko , Tsutsumi Yasuyuki
Published: August 2022

Heavy water recycling for the production of deuterium compounds.
Gold-catalyzed synthesis of oxazoles from alkynyl triazenes and dioxazoles
Authors: Mao Zhenjun , Zeng Hao
Published: August 2022

A gold-catalyzed regioselective [3 + 2] cycloaddition of alkynyl triazenes with 1,2,4-dioxazoles was developed.
Molecular selectivity in the water flooding heavy oil process from porous rocks
Authors: Zhang Bo , Liu Zheyu , Zhang Han , Shi Quan , Li Yiqiang , Xu Chunming
Published: August 2022

The composition of heavy oil changes during the water flooding process. Water flooding preferentially extracts small-molecular components with the increase in temperature.
The straightforward synthesis of N-coordinated ruthenium 4-aryl-1,2,3-triazolato complexes by [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of a ruthenium azido complex with terminal phenylacetylenes and non-covalent aromatic interactions in structures
Authors: Chang Chao-Wan , Lee Chi-Rung , Lee Gene-Hsiang , Lu Kuang-Lieh
Published: August 2022

The first example of synthesis of N-coordinated ruthenium 4-aryl-1,2,3-triazolato complexes by [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of a ruthenium azido complex with a series of terminal phenylacetylenes.
Metal–ligand complexation and clustering in mussel-inspired side-chain functionalized supramolecular hydrogels
Authors: Jangizehi Amir , Ahmadi Mostafa , Pschierer Sarah , Nicolella Paola , Li Hailong , Amann-Winkel Katrin , Seiffert Sebastian
Published: August 2022

Mussel-inspired side-chain functionalized supramolecular hydrogels based on nitrocatechol–Fe3+physical complexations reveal three relaxation modes whose lifetime varies six orders of magnitudes from 0.1 s to 9.8 × 104s.
Modulating charge transfer over metal–organic framework nanocomposites for NIR light-boosted photothermal conversion
Authors: Liu Liqian , Li Yite , Wang Lei , Xie Zhigang
Published: August 2022

A charge transfer PCN-Mo nanocomposite has been constructed for NIR light-boosted photothermal conversion. After fabricating MMMs or antibacterial coating, it shows synergetic anti-adhesion and antibacterial properties for renewable usage.
Tannin-bridged magnetic responsive multifunctional hydrogel for enhanced wound healing by mechanical stimulation-induced early vascularization
Authors: Wang Peng , LV Caili , Zhou Xiaosong , Wu Zhenxu , Wang Zongliang , Wang Yu , Wang Liqiang , Zhu Yongzhan , Guo Min , Zhang Peibiao
Published: August 2022

A-CFO/PVA magnetic responsive hydrogel with good antibacterial activity, biocompatibility, and vascularization was developed for wound healing.
Deep reinforcement learning‐based balancing and sequencing approach for mixed model assembly lines
Authors: Lv Youlong , Tan Yuanliang , Zhong Ray , Zhang Peng , Wang Junliang , Zhang Jie
Published: August 2022

A multi‐agent iterative optimisation method based on deep reinforcement learning is proposed for the balancing and sequencing problem in mixed model assembly lines. Based on the Markov decision process model for balancing and sequencing, a balancing agent using a deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm, a sequencing agent using an Actor–Critic algorithm, as well as an iterative interaction mechanism between these agents' output solutions are designed for realising the global optimisation of mixed model assembly lines. The exchange of solution information including assembly time and station workload in the iterative interaction realises the coordination of the worker assignment policy at the balancing stage and the production arrangement policy at the sequencing stage for the minimisation of work overload and idle time at stations. Through the comparative experiments with heuristic rules, genetic algorithms, and the original deep reinforcement learning algorithm, the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated and discussed for small‐scale instances as well as large‐scale ones.
A fast method for blindly identifying Reed‐Solomon codes based on matrix analysis
Authors: Han Shunan , Gao Mengzhu , Yi Renjie , Wu Chenxi
Published: August 2022

For the identification of Reed‐Solomon (RS) codes, the existing methods need to test the possible codeword length and the primitive polynomials exhaustively. Exhaustive search leads to high computational complexity. To overcome this limitation and fulfill the requirement in practice, a fast blind identification method is proposed. Different with most methods, our identification method is discussed in Galois Field of 2. First, by using Gaussian elimination, the bit matrix is transformed to the simplest upper triangular form. If the assumed codeword length is right, the matrix is of deficient rank, and the parameters of an RS code can be estimated according to the rank. The null space of the matrix, defined as the equivalent binary parity check matrix, can also be obtained from the simplification result. Then, a candidate set of primitive polynomials is constructed according to the estimated codeword length. By using the matrix null space, the correctness of a candidate primitive polynomial is tested through matrix analysis. Finally, by combining the estimated parameters, the generator polynomial of an RS code is identified. To decrease the bit errors in the matrix, soft‐decision data is used to select reliable bits. Experimental results show the effectiveness and robustness of our method.
Frequency‐constrained energy and reserve scheduling in wind incorporated low‐inertia power systems considering vanadium flow redox batteries
Authors: Mohiti Maryam , Mazidi Mohammadreza , Kermani Mostafa , Zarchi Davoud Abootorabi
Published: August 2022

This paper proposes a novel energy and reserve scheduling model for power systems with high penetration of wind turbines (WTs). The objective of the proposed model is to minimize the total operation cost of the system while static and dynamic security is guaranteed by preserving the frequency nadir, RoCoF, and quasi‐steady‐state frequency in the predefined range. Likewise, a supervisory, control, and data acquisition (SCADA) system is developed which allows Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFBs) to continuously communicate and participate in the primary frequency response. To cope with the uncertainties, adaptive information gap decision theory is used that ensures a target operating cost for the risk‐averse operator of the power system. The proposed scheduling model is applied on a modified IEEE 39 bus test system to verify the impacts of the fast reserve provided by the VRFBs in the dynamic frequency security enhancement of the power system with high penetration of WTs.
Optimal design of supply chain inventory information forecasting and control system in cloud environment for biomedical instruments
Authors: Tie Pengfei , Zhao Junqing , Sayyad Shabnam , Saravanan K. , Yadav Ranjeet , Sammy F.
Published: August 2022

With the rapid development of Internet technology, the network information data is exploding, and society has entered the era of cloud data. Cloud data provides a lot of data support for people's life and work, but because of its large number, multifarious types and huge value, there are some problems such as private data leakage and abuse of sensitive information. Stocking of biomedical material at one place only, can cause delay in sending important lifesaving material to needy patients. On the one hand, it is an important content of engineering scheduling theory and method; On the other hand, in medical field, a lot of materials are usually consumed to protect the life of patients. Biomedical informatics and computer vision techniques have been combined in a variety of inter‐multidisciplinary disciplines during the past few decades. We are all aware that inadequate or insufficient cloud access management and controls can expose a corporation to a range of issues. The work that follows offers intelligent supply chain, an upgraded service management control telephone network architecture. If we can acquire according to the patient demands and retain the ideal inventory such that the patient requirement and interest can be safe, the overall cost will be lowered greatly. The experimental results show that R1 orders 31 times, and the total cost is 1,259,520 CNY. R2 ordered 24 times, with a total cost of 982,034 CNY; R3 orders 22 times, and the total cost is 990,146 CNY. Finally, the optimal solution of the total cost after schedule optimization is 3,231,700 CNY. It is proved that the optimal cost finally obtained by forecasting supply chain inventory information based on cloud data environment is also more practical for engineering practice.
Properties of the interstellar medium in star-forming galaxies at redshifts 2 ≤ z ≤ 5 from the VANDELS survey
Authors: Calabrò A. , Pentericci L. , Talia M. , Cresci G. , Castellano M. , Belfiori D. , Mascia S. , Zamorani G. , Amorín R. , Fynbo J. P. U. , Ginolfi M. , Guaita L. , Hathi N. P. , Koekemoer A. , Llerena M. , Mannucci F. , Santini P. , Saxena A. , Schaerer D.
Published: August 2022

Gaseous flows inside and outside galaxies are key to understanding galaxy evolution, as they regulate their star formation activity and chemical enrichment across cosmic time. We study the interstellar medium (ISM) kinematics of a sample of 330 galaxies with C III] or He II emission using far-ultraviolet (far-UV) ISM absorption lines detected in the ultra deep spectra of the VANDELS survey. These galaxies span a broad range of stellar masses from 108 to 1011 M⊙, and star formation rates (SFRs) from 1 to 500 M⊙ yr−1 in the redshift range between 2 and 5. We find that the bulk ISM velocity along the line of sight (vIS) is globally in outflow, with a vIS of −60 ± 10 km s−1 for low-ionisation gas traced by Si IIλ1260 Å, C IIλ1334 Å, Si IIλ1526 Å, and Al IIλ1670 Å absorption lines, and a vIS of −160 ± 30 and −170 ± 30 km s−1 for higher ionisation gas traced respectively by Al IIIλλ1854-1862 Å and Si IVλλ1393-1402 Å. Interestingly, we notice that BPASS models are able to better reproduce the stellar continuum around the Si IV doublet than other stellar population templates. For individual galaxies, 34% of the sample has a positive ISM velocity shift, almost double the fraction reported at lower redshifts. We additionally derive a maximum outflow velocity vmax for the average population, which is of the order of ∼ − 500 and ∼ − 600 km s−1 for the lower and higher ionisation lines, respectively. Comparing vIS to the host galaxies properties, we find no significant correlations with stellar mass M⋆ or SFR, and only a marginally significant dependence (at ∼2σ) on morphology-related parameters, with slightly higher velocities found in galaxies of smaller size (probed by the equivalent radius rT50), higher concentration (CT), and higher SFR surface density ΣSFR. From the spectral stacks, vmax shows a similarly weak dependence on physical properties (at ≃2σ). Moreover, we do not find evidence of enhanced outflow velocities in visually identified mergers compared to isolated galaxies. From a physical point of view, the outflow properties are consistent with accelerating momentum-driven winds, with densities decreasing towards the outskirts. Our moderately lower ISM velocities compared to those found in similar studies at lower redshifts suggest that inflows and internal turbulence might play an increased role at z > 2 and weaken the outflow signatures. Finally, we estimate mass-outflow rates Ṁout that are comparable to the SFRs of the galaxies (hence a mass-loading factor η of the order of unity), and an average escape velocity of 625 km s−1, suggesting that most of the ISM will remain bound to the galaxy halo.
Kinematic data rebuild the nuclear star cluster as the most metal-rich region of the Galaxy
Authors: Nogueras-Lara F.
Published: August 2022

Context.The Galactic centre (GC) is located at only 8 kpc from Earth and constitutes a unique template with which to understand Galactic nuclei. Nevertheless, the high crowding and extinction towards the GC hamper the study of its main stellar components, the nuclear stellar disc (NSD) and the nuclear star cluster (NSC).

Aims.Recent work has suggested that the NSD and the NSC can be distinguished along the line of sight towards the NSC via the different extinction of their stars. This motivated us to analyse the proper motion, radial velocity, and the metallicity distributions of the different extinction groups.

Methods.We use photometric, kinematic, and metallicity data to distinguish between probable NSD and NSC stars in a region centred on the NSC.

Results.We detected two different extinction groups of stars and obtained that they have significantly different proper motion distributions, in agreement with the expected kinematics for the NSD and the NSC. We also derived radial velocity maps that appear to be different for the two components, and found different metallicities for each of them, with the largest one measured for the most extinguished group of stars. We obtained that the metallicity distribution of each extinction group is best fitted by a bimodal distribution, indicating the presence of two metallicity components for each of them (a broad one slightly below solar metallicity, and a more metal-rich, narrower one that is largest for the high-extinction group of stars).

Conclusions.We conclude that both extinction groups are distinct GC components with different kinematics and metallicity, and correspond to the NSD and the NSC. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish them via their different extinction. The high mean metallicity, [M/H] ∼ 0.3 dex, obtained for the metal-rich stars of the NSC supports the proposition that this component is arguably the most metal-rich region of the Galaxy.
X-ray view of a merging supermassive black hole binary candidate SDSS J1430+2303: Results from the first ∼200 days of observations
Authors: Dou Liming , Jiang Ning , Wang Tinggui , Shu Xinwen , Yang Huan , Pan Zhen , Zhu Jiazheng , An Tao , Zheng Zhen-Ya , Ai Yanli
Published: August 2022

Context. Recently we discovered an unprecedented supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) candidate in the nearby Seyfert galaxy SDSS J1430+2303, which is predicted to merge within three years. X-ray spectroscopy may bring unique kinematic evidence for the last inspiraling stage, when the binary is too close to allow each of them to hold an individual broad line region.

Aims. We try to confirm the unique SMBHB merger event and understand the associated high-energy processes from a comprehensive X-ray view.

Methods. We observed SDSS J1430+2303 with XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, Chandra, and Swift spanning the first ∼200 days since its discovery.

Results. X-ray variability, up to a factor of 7, has been detected on a timescale of a few days. The broadband spectrum from 0.2–70 keV can be well fitted with a model consisting of a power law and a relativistic reflection covered by a warm absorber. The properties of the warm absorber changed dramatically, for example, with a decrease in the line-of-sight velocity from ∼0.2c to ∼0.02c, between the two XMM-Newton observations separated by only 19 days, which can be naturally understood in the context of the SMBHB; although, the clumpy wind scenario cannot be completely excluded. Broad Fe Kα emission has been robustly detected, though its velocity shift or profile change is not yet measurable. Further longer X-ray observations are highly encouraged to detect the expected orbital motion of the binary.
The effects of room length on jet momentum flux
Authors: Liu Wei , Sandberg Mats
Published: August 2022

As to mixing ventilation in indoor environments, the turbulent jet plays a major role in driving the air movement, contaminant transport, and heat transfer. The main characteristic of a turbulent jet is its momentum flux. By entrainment of air, the flow of a jet increases and may enhance the flooding of contaminant. In investing the jet’s momentum flux, it is generally regarded that the supply jet collides with the opposing wall and the jet is transformed into a wall jet. However, this is not always true if a jet is not sufficiently strong, or the length of a room is large. Therefore, this study adopted computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the supply jet development and its momentum flux by varying the room length. Initially, the width of the air supply inlet was the same with that of the room. By defining n as the ratio of room length and height, when n = 3, there is a horizontal a vortex which is the normal behaviour. When the room length increased further, the supply jet was unable to collide with the opposing wall. This investigation got two vertical vortices at the room end which is new. The two new vertical vortices were most pronounced for n = 5. It is possible that increasing the length of the room introduces a gradual transition towards a flow in a rectangular duct. This flow is probably very much governed by the side walls. Therefore, this study reduced the width of the air supply inlet by half and maintained the same flow rate. However, a single vertical vortex was identified at the room end for n = 5. In both scenarios, the supply jet may create new vortices that would enhance the flooding of contaminants.
Review of the assumption of ideal mixed ventilation and estimation of attendances at trade fairs in exhibition halls
Authors: Burgholz Tobias Maria , Derwein Dennis , Rewitz Kai , Müller Dirk
Published: August 2022

During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, large-scale events were initially suspended categorically without consideration of ventilation technology. In this study, CO2 concentrations were measured during three trade fairs in the fall of 2021 at Messe Frankfurt with the aim of assessing air mixing and dilution of loads emitted through human respiration. 24 sensors were installed on columns near aisles, in peripheral areas and exhaust/ambient air ducts. At three positions, in addition to a height of 2 m, measurements were taken at 3.2 m height to reveal potential stratification effects. Finally, attendances were estimated based on exhaust/ambient air CO2 levels and ambient air volume flows. Results show that the maximum CO2 concentration during visiting hours never exceeded 835 ppm. Indoor air quality thus qualified as hygienically insignificant at all times. Furthermore, no stratification was detected, indicating that air was mixed well without apparent local accumulations of CO2 and thus potentially infectious aerosols within the breathing zone. Estimated mean attendance corresponds to information provided by Messe Frankfurt. Finally, results indicate that the exhaust CO2 concentration represents a good indicator to assess air quality within the occupied zone in large-scale halls, making elaborate measurements within the occupied zone obsolete. Further evaluation is needed to support this.
Numerical evaluation of the performance of two air distribution systems in a generic multi-layer vertical farm
Authors: Kang Luyang , van Hooff Twan
Published: August 2022

The uniformity of the environmental conditions in a vertical farm can be poor due to multi-layer cultivation shelves, crop resistance to airflow, and excessive heat generated by artificial lighting, decreasing overall crop yield and quality. This study evaluates the performance of two air distribution systems, i.e., long-side air supply and short-side air supply, in a generic multi-layer vertical farm using a validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling approach. The simulation results show that under identical airflow rates, the average air temperature in crop regions from short-side air supply is higher than the long-side case. In addition, stagnation regions exist in both scenarios, where the removal efficiency of water vapor and heat is low. Further study is required to improve the uniformity of air distribution in crop regions.
The effect of layout of finned tube heat exchangers in a novel cooling system on the thermal environment in data centers
Authors: Wang Ye , Zheng Wenke , Jiang Yiqiang , Sun Cheng
Published: August 2022

Data centers undertake transfer, calculation, and store of important information, whose suitable thermal environment is necessary for the safe and reliable operation of information technology (IT) equipment. However, in case of the emergency failure or power outage of the air-conditioning system, the inappropriate thermal environment cannot keep the proper operation of IT equipment. Therefore, a novel cooling system is proposed to maintain the thermal environment of server rooms, in which the liquid nitrogen as refrigerant flows into the spiral finned tube heat exchanger (FTHE) by phase changing to take away indoor heat. The effect of horizontal spacings and heights of the FTHE on the thermal environment are investigated numerically. The results display that the indoor air temperature is divided by FTHE. When the height of FTHE is 2.6~2.9m, the higher the FTHE, the more uniform the indoor temperature distribution. When the FTHE is higher than 3.2 m, the maximum temperature of the heat source is more than 62.6°C, exceeding the temperature tolerance limit. In addition, if space permits, the dislocation layout and the fixed layout can be selected, which perform well in both temperature uniformity and heat source cooling. This investigation provides support for the arrangement of the novel cooling system.
The future development path of low carbon building design
Authors: Xi Chang , Cao Shi-Jie
Published: August 2022

Excessive carbon emissions are causing the problems of global warming and greenhouse effect. It is urgent to control carbon emissions worldwide. As one of the main sources, it is crucial to reduce the carbon emits of construction industry. Carbon is generated at all phases of the building life cycle. Notably, building design has various extent of influence on carbon emissions at each phase, which is urgently to explore a low carbon method. This paper is to summarize the current status of building design by literature review. The challenges of building design are analysed as the lack of 1) a comprehensive standard system by considering different factors; 2) the carbon emission calculation method; 3) real-time optimization model aiming at carbon reduction. Therefore, the path of “standard-calculation-prediction-optimization” (SCPO) for building design is proposed. This paper can provide theoretical guidance for low carbon building design.
Uncertain solutions and multiple steady states in the built ventilation flows
Authors: Xu Hang , Zhang Hong-Liang , Wang Wei-Wei , Zhao Fu-Yun
Published: August 2022

In past decades, several peers and not too many publications have reported that uncertain solutions existed in the building ventilation flows. In the present work, numerical, theoretical and experimental researches have been jointly applied for the non-unique flow solutions occurring in the built environment, covering from thermal driven flows, pressure driven flows and multi component flows. General multiple steady flows could be observed when different initial conditions were imposed. Independent flow branch could switch from each other during the critical point or some sudden transitions were imposed. Theoretical solutions could give rough routes for multiple flows, whereas numerical ones could give such detailed transitions delicately. Experimental model results well demonstrated those theoretical and numerical results. Future low carbon ventilation engineering applications could benefit from present fundamental researches.
Load forecasting and operation optimization of residential fresh air system based on artificial neural network
Authors: Yachao Huo , Yonggao Yin
Published: August 2022

Radiant cooling and heating and fresh air system is more and more widely used in residential buildings as a high-comfort, energy-saving and efficient air-conditioning system. The fresh air system handles all the moisture load and part of the cooling load of the building. In actual operation, there are some problems, such as high proportion of energy consumption and mismatch between load and operation characteristics. In this paper, a zone-level artificial neural network (ANN) model is established to predict the moisture load of residential building fresh air system. Compared with the measured data, the zonelevel ANN model is established and verified. The total data used for training and testing are 13260 and 864 respectively. This paper also introduces a system control optimization model, and optimizes the operation of the fresh air system combined with the load forecasting results of the zone-level ANN model. Under the scenario of potential energy storage and time of use price, the optimization control strategy is formulated to improve the flexibility of the system. The results show that the zone-level ANN model has high prediction accuracy. The root mean square error variation coefficients corresponding to the prediction results of moisture load is 8.72%. The optimization results can reduce the operation energy consumption and cost of the system by 27.2% and 29.2% respectively in the whole air conditioning season.
Quantifying HVAC electrical flexibility from building thermal mass: a case study of the DOE reference building
Authors: Chen Zhe , Chen Yongbao , Mohtaram Soheil
Published: August 2022

As a means to adjust the temperature of the thermal zones in buildings, building thermal mass is regarded as one of the essential sources of energy flexibility. It is still challenging to quantify the energy flexibility of passive thermal mass, making it oppugning to use thermal mass for buildings’ demand response (DR). A method to accurately quantify the energy flexibility from heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems (HVAC) is important for buildings to participate in DR projects. This paper proposes a novel data-driven model to quantify HVAC’s electrical demand under dynamic global temperature adjustment. The Markov chain is first used to implement an effective sampling method to produce a global temperature resetting schedule representing different temperature resetting. Next, EnergyPlus evaluates the HVAC electrical demand under the various temperature reset scenarios. In the end, the LightGBM algorithm is used to develop the data-driven model. Having validated the proposed model, the case study was conducted in a DOE reference office building for EnergyPlus. Results demonstrate that the Markov chain outperforms the probabilistic method when sampling temperature setpoint schedules. In the future, the proposed data-driven model can be used to evaluate the flexibility capacity of an energy management system in grid-integrated buildings.
Investigation of performance parameters of building thermal battery
Authors: Zhang Y.Z. , Wang S.G. , Jiang S. , Wang J.H. , Wu X.Z. , Zhang T.F.
Published: August 2022

The concept of a building thermal battery refers to storing the supplied heat and releasing it the another time through radiation and convection. The introduction of building thermal battery performance has created a more convenient solution to the problems of building load estimation, control and optimization, building-grid integration, etc. Some literatures have expanded the original definition of building thermal batteries, including PV RE (photovoltaic renewable energy), HVAC and other units. Starting from the building body, this investigation studies a building energy system. With reference to the performance parameters of traditional rechargeable batteries, the corresponding performance parameters of building thermal batteries are developed. The RC model is further used to model the performance parameters of the building thermal battery respectively. Among them, the corresponding parameter values of the RC model are obtained by parameter identification. Finally, the heat storage and heat release characteristics of the building integrated energy system are obtained. It makes the application of buildings as batteries more flexible in the urban energy network.
A study on the economic efficiency of zero energy house and regional characteristics
Authors: Tokutomi Kouki , Kuwahara Ryoichi
Published: August 2022

Currently, global warming is a growing problem around the world. As one of the solutions to this problem, the realization of a decarbonized society has been set as a goal. In the field of architecture, the spread of ZEH (Zero Energy Heating) is required to reduce the primary energy consumption to practically zero. Therefore, in this study, we clarified the efficiency of the reduction rate for each exterior skin performance, including lifestyle and regional climate characteristics. It also clarified the economic efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. In the comparison for window glazing, one of the results was that there was a pattern of performance improvements having a negative impact. Various results were obtained in which some areas were able to recover the cost of solar power even in severe climates and some areas were unable to recover the cost even in mild climates.
Using a calibrated multi-zone building model to analyse the impact of occupant behaviour on building performance
Authors: Wang Yuanchen , Maixiwuer Aini , Schwede Dirk , Stergiaropoulos Konstantinos
Published: August 2022

Building performance simulation has been commonly used for performance-based building design. However, the simulation accuracy is closely related to the model and input parameters regarding the building physics and occupant behaviour. To check and improve the accuracy of the simulation, the model usually needs to be calibrated using measured data. Uncertain parameters are adjusted in this process to reduce the discrepancy between simulation and measurement results. Although occupant behaviour has a significant impact on building performance, it has not been considered a key component of model calibration in previous studies. Model calibration using only indoor environmental and energy consumption data without considering occupant behaviour is unreliable. In this context, a step-by-step model calibration approach is proposed in this study to optimise the estimated parameters in typical operational scenarios where occupant behaviour can be conveniently determined. A case study shows that although the simulation results for apartment energy use are similar before and after model calibration, differences can be observed in the evaluation of indoor air quality and thermal environment. Simulation results using occupant behaviour based on design standards are significantly deviated from the measured values, compared to that using actual occupant behaviour.
Performance analysis of air curtains on indoor environment and dehumidification energy consumption in a low humidity plant
Authors: Tang Yubin , Tao Qiuhua , Zheng Jianwen
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of air curtains on indoor environment and dehumidification energy consumption for different air supply angle and velocity. The numerical investigation was conducted in a low-humidity plant located in the atmospheric boundary layer. The standard k-epsilon turbulence model was used in simulation study. The optimum air supply angle and velocity were evaluated based on temperature and humidity distribution. The simulation cases range in air supply angle from 0° to 20° and velocity from 6m/s to 14m/s, which were studied by means of orthogonal experiments. Simulation results show that air curtain can reduce the average indoor temperature of the plant by up to 3.9°C and reduce the average moisture content by up to 86.6% compared to the cases without air curtains. The energy saving assessment of the dehumidification rotor system shows a parabolic variation in energy consumption with increasing air velocity at a certain air supply angle. The optimum energy consumption occurs at the range of 9-11m/s for air supply velocity. When air supply velocity is over 11m/s, the airflow exchange is enhanced by air curtain at the plant opening, resulting the higher energy consumption from air leakage for dehumidification.
Performance evaluation of impinging jet ventilation combined with ductless personalized ventilation
Authors: Liu Pengju , Yang Bin
Published: August 2022

Impinging jet ventilation (IJV), which supplies a high momentum air jet impinging and spreading over the floor, could be used in both cooling and heating modes. However, as a low-level supply system, the excessive temperature difference between head and ankle levels may exist due to the cool air being directly supplied to the occupied zone. As one type of different personalized ventilation (PV) terminal device, ductless personalized ventilation (DPV) is a self-standing system and doesn’t require an extended air duct. In this study, numerical simulation was used to assess the performance of DPV combined with IJV in office buildings under different operating parameters. The results show that a large temperature difference between the occupant’s head and ankle will be significantly decreased by the application of DPV while not influencing the stratification characteristics of impinging jet ventilation.
Comparative Study on Cooling Performance of Two PCM-Assisted EAHEs and Traditional EAHE
Authors: Zhou Tiecheng
Published: August 2022

It is well known that the sensible heat storage/release process is accompanied by significant changes in the temperature of storage medium. However, this feature of the sensible heat storage medium, namely soil, is unfavorable to fully exert the potential of traditional EAHE. To overcome this deficiency, two phase change material(PCM)-assisted EAHEs are proposed, one is the hollow cylindrical PCM-assisted EAHE and the other is the cylindrical PCM-assisted EAHE. In order to investigate the actual cooling performance of these novel systems in summer, a three-dimensional numerical model based on the effective heat capacity method is established by FLUENT 16.0. And the calculation results of this model have been validated in previous studies. Then, under the condition of equal air volume, a comparative study between these PCM-assisted EAHEs and the Traditional EAHE has been conducted to evaluate their cooling performance under the high-temperature meteorological conditions in Chongqing (China). The results indicate that the cooling performance of these PCM-assisted EAHE systems has been significantly improved when compared with the Traditional EAHE. And in terms of the improvement on cooling performance, the cylindrical PCM-assisted EAHE performs better than the hollow cylindrical PCM-assisted EAHE. More specifically, the total cooling capacities contributed by the hollow cylindrical PCM-assisted EAHE and cylindrical PCM-assisted EAHE have been respectively improved by 17.68% and 20.05% during the 20-days investigated period. The excellent performance of cylindrical PCM-assisted EAHE ultimately limits the temperature fluctuation of fresh air introduced by this novel system to less than 1 °C.