bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK INDIVIDU DAN ETOS KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA SEKRETARIAT DAERAH KABUPATEN SIMALUNGUN
Authors: Saragih Roy Sahputra , Siagian Nancy Florida
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine and analyze (1) the effect of individual characteristics on employee performance; (2) the influence of work ethic on employee performance; (3) the influence of individual characteristics and work ethic on employee performance. The method used in this research is to use quantitative analysis methods. Sampling in this study using the Slovin method. The number of samples in this study were 70 employees of the Regional Secretariat of Simalungun Regency From the research results, the following results can be obtained: (a) the multiple regression results are Y 'Y' = 10.107 + 0.330X1 + 0.504X2; (b) the results of the t test (partial) show that each individual characteristic variable (X1) and work ethic (X2) have a significant effect on employee performance (Y), where the value of t count> t table (0.235) and the value of 'Sig' respectively -Each individual characteristic variable (X1) is 0.014 and work ethic (X2) is 0.001 <0.05. (c) the output model summary (R Square value) is 0.282, meaning that variations in employee performance can be explained by variations in individual characteristics (X1) and work ethic (X2)% and the rest is explained by other variables not examined. (d) From the calculation of the Fcount value of 13,146> the FTabel value of 3.13 or if it is seen from the sig 'value of 0.000 <0.05 then H0 is rejected.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM UJIAN ONLINE BERBASIS WEB DI SMK PEMBANGUNAN KABUPATEN ROKAN HILIR-RIAU
Authors: Sihombing Volvo , Siahaan Nimrot
Published: October 2020

SMK Pembangunan an online examination system is analyzed which is one part of the distance education system through internet technology media. Exams conducted by most educational institutions, therefore, researchers will overcome by designing a web-based online exam system design, to facilitate the community and schools, in the world of education in this case the School is still carried out conventionally. The concept of an online exam that is not related to space and time can be a solution to the constraints that exist in conventional examination methods. This system aims to make it easier for teachers to provide exams and the process of providing effective and efficient examination scores because the assessment process is given directly when students complete the exam. The study was conducted by observing the system directly so that the results of the analysis of the system needs were obtained. As a basis and reference for making an online exam system, literature study is then made to design a system database using DFD and ERD. The implementation of this online exam system is made with facilities including admin, teacher, and students which will produce output values
SISTEM PENYELEKSI MAHASISWA BARU BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN METODE WEIGHTED PRODUCT
Authors: Purba Arifin Tua , Siregar Victor Marudut Mulia
Published: October 2020

This research was conducted aiming to design a New Student Selection Decision Support System. To help the selection process for new student admissions at the Indonesian Business Polytechnic, a decision support system (SPK) was designed to help the data processing of prospective new students who register using the Weighted Product (WP) method. This Weighted Product method is done by using multiplication to link the attribute rating, where the rating of each attribute must be raised first with the weight of the attribute in question. The criteria used in this Decision Support System consist of: capacity, achievement, academic tests, age, and passing scores. From the sample of data examined, the ranking results were found to be the best value of prospective students with a value of 0.0841 and 0.0791.
SISTEM INFORMASI PEMBAYARAN SPP PADA SMK SWASTA TELADAN TANAH JAWA MENGGUNAKAN VB.NET
Authors: Sugara Heru , Sirait Erwin , Hanafiah M. Ali , Siagian Nancy Florida
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to design a tuition payment accounting information system using Vb.Net which aims to simplify and accelerate the Teladan Tanah Jawa private vocational school in processing school fee payment data. The research method used in this research is observation, interview, sampling, and literature study. The analysis tools used are Data Flow Diagrams (DFD), Entity Relationship Diagrams and the relationships between tables. This information system makes it easier for the school administration to find student data, process arrears data, data on daily school fees and reports on tuition payments.
DYNAMICS OF THE GENETIC STRUCTURE OF THE POPULATION – UNKNOWN FORECAST CAPABILITIES
Authors: Gaydenok Nikolay
Published: October 2020

The paper describes the evolutionary and ecological features of the functioning

and genetic structure of the classical multi-rake semi-anadromous muksun in

the Yenisei. By modeling the dynamics of the genetic and age structures of the

population, it is shown that it is possible to determine MSY based on the dynamics

of the subordinate winter race individuals appearance at the Upper Spawning

grounds.
ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FISHING FLEET OUTSIDE THE RUSSIAN EEZ TO MINIMIZE POTENTIAL IUU FISHING AND IMPACT ON VULNERABLE MARINE ECOSYSTEMS
Authors: Belyaev Vladimir , Zgurovsky Konstantin
Published: October 2020

Russia is now on the 4th place in terms of total actual catch in the world.

Despite the fact that the main part of the Russian catch is in the Russian

exclusive economic zone (EEZ), many companies have started to look for

new fishing areas and targets beyond the waters of national jurisdiction

(ABNJ). Our analysis shows that the largest share of fish harvested by

Russia outside its EEZ is in NEAFC areas, the North West Pacific area is quite

promising as well. Preliminary analysis showed some signs of insufficiently

controlled activity of the Russian fleet in the areas of ABNJ. This requires

additional efforts to improve the monitoring system, especially in "restricted

areas”, marine protected areas (MPAs) and areas of reproduction.
BIOLOGY, ECOLOGY AND FISHERY VALUE OF BREAM ABRAMIS BRAMA (LINNAEUS, 1758) KENOZERSKY NATIONAL PARK
Authors: Dvoryankin Gennady
Published: October 2020

Bream (Abramis Brama L.) on the territory of the Kenozero national Park occurs in the largest lakes of protected areas – Kenozere and Lekshmozere (Belomorsky basin), as well as in lake Maselgsky (Baltic basin), forming three independent, geographically and reproductively isolated populations. In its habitat, bream is the dominant species and, as a result, a permanent object of production for fishermen from among the local residents. This article publishes data on all three bream populations obtained in the course of their own research. Information about its biology, ecology, and population is provided. An assessment of the state of the stock and the role that bream plays in the life of local residents as an aquatic biological resource is given. It is shown that in the Kenozero lake and Lekshmozero lake bream formed a stable and prosperous population. These are the main fishing lakes of the Park, where more than 95% of all fish is extracted. In general, in 2019, the share of bream in the total fish production on the lakes of protected areas, according to official statistics, was about 14%. The current volume of bream catch does not harm the populations of this species and the biodiversity of water ecosystems in protected areas.
Influence of innovative hydrological developments on the chemical composition of the muscle tissue of Clary catfish
Authors: Rudneva Oksana , Vasiliev Aleksey , Simakova Inna , Rudnev Maksim , Bakanov Oleg , Egorova Marina
Published: October 2020

The influence of innovative hydrological developments on the chemical composition of muscle tissue of Clary catfish grown in a closed water supply system was studied. The use of feed and water with a modified molecular structure for growing Clary catfish had a positive effect on the development of fish muscle tissue.
Penyuluhan Tentang Pemanfaatan Limbah Pertanian Sebagai Pakan Ternak dan Pupuk Kompos
Authors: Fianti Femilia Arlin , Zulfanita Zulfanita , Arifin Hanung Dhidik
Published: October 2020

Limbah pertanian salah satunya jerami belum banyak dimanfaatkan secara produktif. Sebagian besar petani membakar jeraminya setelah bulir-bulir gabahnya di pisahkan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah memberikan penyuluhan tentang pemanfaatan limbah pertanian khususnya jerami sehingga memiliki nilai manfaat yang lebih baik dan bernilai ekonimis. Kegiatan penyuluhan dilaksanakan di desa Bencorejo yang terintegrasi dengan kegiatan KKN Mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo. Sebagai mitra kegiatan adalah warga desa Bencorejo, perangkat desa, maupun kelompok tani. Sebagai luaran dari kegiatan ini adalah pemahaman warga tentang pentingnya memanfaatkan jerami untuk pupuk organik dibandingkan dibakar setelah masa panen. Produk yang dihasilkan adalah kompos jerami yang siap digunakan dan diuji coba oleh warga sebagai alternatif pengganti ketergantungan pada pupuk kimia, yang murah, dan ramah lingkungan. Untuk luaran berupa pakan ternak adalah olahan jerami dan rumput sejenisnya yang diolah sedemikian rupa sehinga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif pakan ternak terutama lembu maupun sapi.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik dan Pakan Alternatif Ternak Bagi Kelompok Tani dan Karang Taruna Desa Bedono Karangduwur
Authors: Arifin Hanung Dhidik , Widiastuti Rina
Published: October 2020

Desa Bedono Karangduwur memiliki potensi bibit tanaman yang unggul, namun dalam proses perawatannya terkendala pada pemupukan. Petani maupun pembibit dalam teknik pemupukan belum menggunakan dosis anjuran. Melalalui kegiatan kuliah kerja nyata Universitas Muhammadiyah  Purworejo di desa Bedono Karangduwur, melaksanakan program unggulan berupa pelatihan pembuatan pupuk organik dan pakan alternatif ternak. Peserta kegiatan ini adalah anggota kelompok tani dan karang taruna Desa Bedono Karangduwur. Hasil dari pelaksanaan kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan ini berupa peengetahuan peserta pelatihan tentang pentingnya komposisi pupuk dalam proses pemupukan sehingga tanaman menajdi sehat dan subur. Luaran pelatihan berupa produk pupuk organik dan pakan ternak alternatif yang siap digunakan. Guna memberikan nilai ekonomis bagi warga, maka diberikan pula mekanisme labelling dan marketing terkait pupuk organik.
Workshop Metode Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Tingkat SMK se Kabupaten Wonosobo
Authors: Sukarni Semi , Sudar Sudar , Setiyono Junaedi , Chasanah Zulia , Triyana Juita
Published: October 2020

Di era abad 21 ini, pembelajaran bahasa Inggris semakin berkembang. Sekarang peran guru bukan satu- satunya namun ada guru sangat diperlukan untuk memanfaatkan sumber-sumber pembelajaran lain yang dapat memberikan pengalaman belajar kepada siswa. Dengan memaksimalkan peran guru dalam mengkombinasikan sumber-sumber belajar khususnya materi internet diharapkan siswa dapat menguasai 21st century skills yang meliputi critical thinking, collaboration, communication dan creative problem solving. Berangkat dari tujuan untuk meningkatkan skil siswa MGMP Bahasa Inggris SMK Kabupaten Wonosobo bekerja sama dengan tim pengabdian Purworejo mengadakan Workshop Metode Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Untuk SMK di Wonosobo. Kegiatan yang melibatkan 45 peserta yang meliputi guru bahasa Inggris dari SMK Negeri dan Swasta. Hasil dari kegiatan ini peserta workshop mendapatkan teknik-teknik dan metode dalam pengelolaan kelas yang meliputi penggunaan metode problem-based learning (PBL), Task-based learning, Inquiry-base learning dan Blended learning, dan sharing based practice pembeljaran speaking dengan game.
Desiminasi Hasil Penelitian: Pemrosesan Informasi Sosial Pembelajaran Berbicara Bahasa Jawa Dengan Pendekatan Komunikatif di Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Widiyono Yuli , Rochimansyah Rochimansyah , Setyowati Herlina
Published: October 2020

Pendekatan komunikatif  dilandasi pengertian bahasa sebagai sarana mengungkapkan makna fungsional lewat kompetensi kebahasaan, wacana, sosiokultural, dan kompetensi aksional. Pendekatan komunikatif ini menekankan keterampilan kebahasaan dan kompetensi  komunikatif dalam praktik berbahasa Jawa yaitu bisa menyampaikan komunikasi menggunakan bahasa Jawa sesuai dengan fungsi imperatif, deklaratif, interogatif dengan berbagai modus yang disajikan. Pengembangan dari model pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan karakter dalam materi pembelajaran akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan proses pembelajaran. Model Pemrosesan informasi soisal merupakan model pembelajaran yang menekankan kemampuan pembelajar untuk membentuk makna dengan memperoleh, mengolah data, dan menghasilkan solusi-solusi yang tepat terhadap masalah, serta mengembangkan konsep bahasa dalam berinteraksi  untuk mempersiapkan dalam mengembangkan proses pembelajaran yang demokratis dan terpadu, baik dalam tataran pribadi maupun sosial serta meningkatkan kegiatan berbasis demokrasi sosial yang produktif.
Pengaruh Penerapan Lembar Kerja Siswa Berbasis Inkuiri Terbimbing Terhadap Kemampuan Metakognisi Siswa Pada Materi Hukum II Newton
Authors: Ljianto Ljianto , Anita Anita , Boisandi Boisandi
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine; (1) students 'metacognition abilities before being applied to guided inquiry-based student worksheets on Newton's Law II material, (2) students' metacognition abilities after being applied guided inquiry-based student worksheets on Newton's Law II material, and (3) how much influence is the application of guided inquiry based student worksheets on students' metacognitive abilities in Newton's Law II material in class X Mia SMA N 1 Marau. This research is a pre-experimental research design with one group pretest-posttest design research. The population in this study were all students of class X SMA N 1 Marau which consisted of 4 classes. The sample selected using a saturated sample, namely class X Mia as the experimental class. The results of the study were obtained before the treatment of the aspects of students' high metacognition abilities, namely the aspect of strategy setting ability of 81.81% and the aspect of the lowest metacognition ability, namely the aspect of metacognition ability of the debugging strategy by 0%. Meanwhile, the results after being given treatment for the students' high metacognition ability were the aspect of strategic setting ability of 95.23% and the lowest aspect of metacognition ability was the aspect of the metacognition ability of the debugging strategy of 57.77%. The result of the calculation of the effect size is 5.17 or 5.17> 0.8. Thus, the effect of the application of guided inquiry-based worksheets is very influential on students' metacognition abilities.
Comparison of effectiveness of 7.5% Povidone-iodine with 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine in Otomycosis
Authors: Aziz Tabassum , Qureshi Nousheen , Khawaja Mahwash , Ulfat Rida , Muhammad Tahir , Malik Anum
Published: October 2020

Objectives: Our study is comparing the effectiveness of 7.5% Povidone-iodine with 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine in the management of Otomycosis to highlight the importance of replacing conventional antifungals in routine practice.

Setting: Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Study design: A prospective randomized control trial

Methodology: This study was conducted for 12 months in our institute from July 2014 to June 2015. A total number of 148 patients with clinically diagnosed Otomycosis between the age group 15 to 55 years were studied. All patients with a clinical diagnosis of Otomycosis presenting with all four features of earache, itching, ear-blockage, and ear discharge in ENT OPD were included. Ear swabs were taken and sent for fungal culture. Patients were divided into A and B groups each comprising of 74 patients. Group A received 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine and group B received 7.5% Povidone-iodine for 14 days after the results of cultures were received. At the end of 14 days, patients of both groups were compared based on the resolution of symptoms and signs.

Results: At the end of 14 days, 32 out of 74 patients (43%) in group A receiving 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine reported resolution of all symptoms, and 52 out of 74 patients(70%) showed complete resolution of all signs, while in group B,68 out of 74 patients(91%) showed complete resolution of symptoms and 69 out of 74 patients (93%) showed complete resolution of signs. Our study showed significant improvement in signs and symptoms of Otomycosis achieved by treatment with 7.5% Povidone-iodine compared to that achieved by 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine.

Conclusion: 7.5% Povidone-iodine is a more effective antifungal agent in the treatment of Otomycosis as compared to 1% Clotrimazole ear drops and lignocaine.
Bacteriological Profile and their Susceptibility Pattern in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Tertiary Care Hospital in Wah
Authors: Mushtaq Saba , Ashraf Sohail , Ghazal Lubna , Zahid Rida , Hussain Basharat , Dr Jamila
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome characterized by multiple symptoms and signs of infection during the first month of life. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of commonly isolated bacteria from patients of neonatal sepsis and their susceptibility patterns in POF hospital at Wah.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in POF Hospital Neonatal intensive care unit and Microbiology laboratory from January 2018 to December 2019. The blood samples of patients suspected with neonatal sepsis were processed as per standard methodology.

Results: Out of ninety blood samples, fifty-one (56.7%) yielded the growth of Gram-negative rods and thirty-nine (43.3%) yielded Gram-positive cocci. Among Gram-positive bacteria, coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most common pathogen isolated from 53.8% cases followed by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (15.3%). Among Gram-negative bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae (54.90%) was the most frequently identified bacteria followed by Serratia marcescens (27.45%). The Gram-positive cocci were the most susceptible to linezolid (100%) followed by vancomycin (87.2%). The Gram-negative rods depict remarkable resistance to ciprofloxacin (92.2%), gentamicin (100%), and meropenem (54.9%).

Conclusions: The study concluded a predominance of Gram-negative bacteria as a causative agent of neonatal sepsis in our setup. The bacterial isolates are highly resistant to commonly prescribed oral as well as injectable antibiotics. Implementation of infection control policies is a dire need to combat the grave situation of increasing antibiotic resistance.
Comparison of Slow versus Rapid Feeding Regimen in Preterm Neonates in the reduction of hospital stay
Authors: Fayyaz Madiha , Haider Shahzad , Khan Abdul Hameed , Nazir Sajid , Hassan Alina , Hussain Sajjad
Published: October 2020

Introduction: In preterm babies delay in the achievement of full feeds causes prolonged hospital stay. This study will help in the nutritional management of preterm babies which will shorten the hospital stay and reduce the economic burdens on parents.

Objective: To compare the mean duration of hospital stay of preterm neonates with two different feeding protocols(slow feeding regimen versus rapid feeding regimen).

Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the neonatal unit at Izzat Ali Shah Hospital from October 2019 to March 2020 through a randomized controlled trial. A total of 102 (51 in each group) were randomized to slow feeding (Group A) and Rapid feeding(Group B). Depending on the birth weight and gestational age, a certain amount of breast milk was initiated, with increments of 15-20 mL/kg/day in the slow feeding group & 25-30 ml/kg/day in the rapid feeding group. Feeding was stopped temporarily in case of any sign of feeding intolerance, suspected necrotizing enterocolitis, recurrent apnoeic episodes, and neonatal seizures. The total target feed was 180 ml/kg per day. Infants were continued in the study until discharged from the hospital.  

Results: Our study shows that the mean gestational agein Group A (Slow feeding) was 34 weeks with SD ± 2.68 while the mean gestational agein Group B (Rapid feeding) was 35 weeks with SD ± 1.98. In Group A (Slow feeding) 55% neonates were male while 45% neonates were female. Whereas in Group B (Rapid feeding) 57% neonates were male while 43% neonates were female. In Group A (Slow feeding) mean hospital stay was 22 days with SD ± 7.02. In Group B (Rapid feeding) mean hospital stay was 13 days with SD ± 3.72. 

Conclusion: Our study concludes that mean hospital stay in the rapid advancement of feeds was shorter as compared to the slow feeding of preterm neonates.
Acute Pancreatitis severity scoring index: Prospective study to identify determinants in Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Tanveer , Hanif Muhammad , Ghazanfor Ramlah , Arslan Sarmad , Nawaz Ibia , Umar Muhammad
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The purpose of the study was to compare different parameters used in Ranson’s Criteria, Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE-II), and modified computed tomography severity index (MCTSI) for predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis and formulate a new scoring system to assess the severity of acute pancreatitis based on their prognostic severity index in the local population.

Materials and Methods: This prospective pilot study was conducted at Rawalpindi Medical University allied hospitals from August 2019 to December 2019. All patients with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis were included in the study through non-probability convenient sampling. Different scoring parameters were entered into standardized proforma.

Results: 100 patients were included in the pilot study with a mean age of 46.53 ± 15.324. Among 24 parameters from APACHE-II, Ranson’s, BISAP, and MCTSI, only 11 parameters, Pleural effusion (PE), Pancreatic necrosis (PN), LDH, serum Calcium (Sca++), Pulse, GCS, MCTS1, Base deficit, Po2, BUN-24, and BUN-48 were significantly related(at 10% level of significance) with the severity of acute pancreatitis. Similarly out of 24, 10 parameters AST, LDH, Sca++, Pulse, PE, PN, Base deficit, MCTS1, Po2, and BUN 48were significantly covered more than 50% of the area in AUC analysis. Our proposed criteria based on 9 parameters LDH, Sca++, Pulse, PE, PN, Base deficit, MCTS1, Po2, and BUN 48which were blowing by the two methods (ANOVA and ROC). The sensitivity and specificity were higher with our proposed criteria 93.1% and 60.6%respectively as compared to the Ranson’s, modified Ranson, BISAP, and APACHE-II criteria.

Conclusion: The newly proposed criteria for the assessment of the severity of AP is superior as compared to old criteria.
E-learning: A way out in COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Shahid Rizwana , Mughal Arsalan Manzoor
Published: October 2020

COVID-19 pandemic has not only negatively impacted the socio-economic attributes worldwide1 but also led to the confrontation of the education system with enormous challenges. This necessitated the immediate transition from face-to-face teaching to e-learning.2 This abrupt shift was primarily attributed to the need for social distancing due to the contagiousness of this disease and hence was intended to save humanity from coronavirus infection.3

Availing the e-learning alternatives for academic continuity in response to pandemic was the only solution. The teachers shared educational resources in the form of presentations, audio-visual videos, and documents, etc. by using assorted modalities like Microsoft Teams, Zoom, and Webinar.4 Although this exercise demanded stringent efforts of our teachers this bestowed them with an exhilarating opportunity to modify their pedagogical strategies.5

Lockdown imposition and abrupt closure of academic organizations considerably impacted the domain of higher studies. Everybody adapted to deliver their services remotely. The lectures, practicals, tutorials, examinations all were suspended with immediate effect amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.6 Although most of our students managed to attend online classes this modality was perceived inefficient in coverage of the whole curriculum in terms of acquisition of practical skills.7 No doubt synchronous and asynchronous teachings were done by using diverse instructional methods but adjustment of teaching pace, constructive feedback to the students’ assignments, and activation of students’ prior knowledge were reported to be immensely deficient.8

Resource-constrained countries profoundly faced problems in the smooth execution of virtual learning.9 Considerable uncertainties pertinent to COVID-19 along with limited facilities in the execution of prosperous e-learning academia made the scenario quite cumbersome. Tutors implicated in e-learning universally were dealt with issues of online connectivity, capacity building for proficient content delivery, and efficient interactivity with students.10 Designing an appropriate framework to bridge the gaps in e-learning conduction is deemed necessary for the provision of quality education without compromising the established standards amidst rampant outbreaks.
Cloud Computing on Accessing Security of Medical Information on Mobile Phone
Authors: Kevin ISHIMWE Olivier Angel , Wilson Musoni , Liliane UMUTESI
Published: October 2020

Mobile Cloud Computing is a network of technology that is up-to-date and helps to store data in a reliable way.in a time when the whole world is obsessed with cloud technology and that is why we want to focus on it, whether in business, medicine and education all cloud technology is needed. In modern times technology is to store our data in cloud technology .in the developed world they are now interested in storing their informations in cloud technology which is why we also thought of using it such as a laptop. A large number of informations are collected, stored, processed and returned to the Electronic Medical Record System (EMR).all patients record need to be stored in a reliable manner so that whenever the patient needs them he or she can easily access them, even if he or she is a doctor when he or she needs access to all the informations that the patient can easily access for example like x-ray images where needed, disease reports and more. The availability of patients as long as they visit the hospital thus enhances the quality of care. cloud technology.it is a reliable method that can be used in medicine where the patient's information is stored in a safe place and reduces the storage space on the computer and the patient's information is kept safe and secure.
ZTF Early Observations of Type Ia Supernovae. II. First Light, the Initial Rise, and Time to Reach Maximum Brightness
Authors: Miller A. A. , Yao Y. , Bulla M. , Pankow C. , Bellm E. C. , Cenko S. B. , Dekany R. , Fremling C. , Graham M. J. , Kupfer T. , Laher R. R. , Mahabal A. A. , Masci F. J. , Nugent P. E. , Riddle R. , Rusholme B. , Smith R. M. , Shupe D. L. , Roestel J. van , Kulkarni S. R.
Published: October 2020

While it is clear that Type Ia supernovae (SNe) are the result of thermonuclear explosions in C/O white dwarfs (WDs), a great deal remains uncertain about the binary companion that facilitates the explosive disruption of the WD. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of a large, unique data set of 127 SNe Ia with exquisite coverage by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). High-cadence (six observations per night) ZTF observations allow us to measure the SN rise time and examine its initial evolution. We develop a Bayesian framework to model the early rise as a power law in time, which enables the inclusion of priors in our model. For a volume-limited subset of normal SNe Ia, we find that the mean power-law index is consistent with 2 in the r
ZTF-band (

), as expected in the expanding fireball model. There are, however, individual SNe that are clearly inconsistent with

. We estimate a mean rise time of 18.9 days (with a range extending from ∼15 to 22 days), though this is subject to the adopted prior. We identify an important, previously unknown, bias whereby the rise times for higher-redshift SNe within a flux-limited survey are systematically underestimated. This effect can be partially alleviated if the power-law index is fixed to α = 2, in which case we estimate a mean rise time of 21.7 days (with a range from ∼18 to 23 days). The sample includes a handful of rare and peculiar SNe Ia. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of lessons learned from the ZTF sample that can eventually be applied to observations from the Vera C. Rubin Observatory.
ZTF Early Observations of Type Ia Supernovae. III. Early-time Colors As a Test for Explosion Models and Multiple Populations
Authors: Bulla Mattia , Miller Adam A. , Yao Yuhan , Dessart Luc , Dhawan Suhail , Papadogiannakis Semeli , Biswas Rahul , Goobar Ariel , Kulkarni S. R. , Nordin Jakob , Nugent Peter , Polin Abigail , Sollerman Jesper , Bellm Eric C. , Coughlin Michael W. , Dekany Richard , Golkhou V. Zach , Graham Matthew J. , Kasliwal Mansi M. , Kupfer Thomas , Laher Russ R. , Masci Frank J. , Porter Michael , Rusholme Ben , Shupe David L.
Published: October 2020

Colors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) in the first few days after explosion provide a potential discriminant between different models. In this paper, we present g − r colors of 65 SNe Ia discovered within 5 days from first light by the Zwicky Transient Facility in 2018, a sample that is about three times larger than that in the literature. We find that g − r colors are intrinsically rather homogeneous at early phases, with about half of the dispersion attributable to photometric uncertainties (

0.18 mag). Colors are nearly constant starting from 6 days after first light (g − r ∼ −0.15 mag), while the time evolution at earlier epochs is characterized by a continuous range of slopes, from events rapidly transitioning from redder to bluer colors (slope of ∼−0.25 mag day−1) to events with a flatter evolution. The continuum in the slope distribution is in good agreement both with models requiring some amount of 56Ni mixed in the outermost regions of the ejecta and with “double-detonation” models having thin helium layers (

) and varying carbon–oxygen core masses. At the same time, six events show evidence for a distinctive “red bump” signature predicted by double-detonation models with larger helium masses. We finally identify a significant correlation between the early-time g − r slopes and supernova brightness, with brighter events associated to flatter color evolution (p-value = 0.006). The distribution of slopes, however, is consistent with being drawn from a single population, with no evidence for two components as claimed in the literature based on B − V colors.
On the Spectral Peak Energy of Swift Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Zhang Z. B. , Jiang M. , Zhang Y. , Zhang K. , Li X. J. , Zhang Q.
Published: October 2020

Owing to the narrow energy band of the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT), several urgent issues remain unsolved. We systematically study the properties of a refined sample of 283 Swift/BAT gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with well-measured spectral peak energy (E
p) at a high confidence level greater than 3σ. We find that the duration (T
90) distribution of Swift bursts still exhibits an evident bimodality with a more reliable boundary of T
90 ≃ 1.06 s instead of 2 s as found for previously contaminated samples, including bursts without well-peaked spectra, which is very close to the ∼1.27 and ∼0.8 s values suggested in the literature for the Fermi/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor and Swift/BAT catalogs, respectively. The Swift/BAT short and long bursts have comparable mean E
p values of

and

keV, similar to what was found for both types of BATSE bursts, which indicates that the traditional short–hard/long–soft scheme may not be tenable for certain detector energy windows. We also statistically investigate the consistency of distinct methods for E
p estimates and find that a Bayesian approach and BAND function (Band et al.) can always provide consistent evaluations. In contrast, the frequently used cutoff power-law model matches two other methods for lower E
p and overestimates the E
p by more than 70%, as E
p > 100 keV. Peak energies of X-ray flashes, X-ray-rich bursts, and classical GRBs could be an evolutionary consequence of moving from thermal-dominated to nonthermal-dominated radiation mechanisms. Finally, we find that the E
p and the observed fluence (S

γ
) in the observer frame are correlated as

keV, which might be a useful indicator of GRB peak energies.
Matched Photometric Catalogs of GALEX UV Sources with Gaia DR2 and SDSS DR14 Databases (GUVmatch)
Authors: Bianchi Luciana , Shiao Bernard
Published: October 2020

We have matched the ultraviolet (UV) sources in GUVcat_AIS with optical databases that have similar depth and wide sky coverage. GUVcat_AIS has Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) far-UV (FUV, λ
eff ∼ 1528 Å) and near-UV (NUV, λ
eff ∼ 2310 Å) photometry of ≈83 million sources, covering 24,788 square degrees of the sky, with a typical depth of FUV = 19.9 and NUV = 20.8 AB mag. Matches with Gaia and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) databases are presented here. Gaia data release 2 (DR2), covering the entire GUVcat footprint, detected about one-third of the GUVcat_AIS sources. We found 31,925,294 Gaia DR2 counterparts to 30,024,791 GUVcat_AIS unique sources, with photometry in the Gaia G band and often also in Gaia BP and RP bands; 26,275,572 matches have a parallax measurement, 21,084,628, 18,588,140, and 16,357,505 have a parallax error less than 50%, 30%, and 20%, respectively. The match with SDSS data release 14 (DR14) yields 23,310,532 counterparts to 22,207,563 unique GUVcat_AIS sources, 10,167,460 of which are pointlike, over a total overlap area of ≈11,100 square degrees (Bianchi et al. 2019). SDSS adds five optical magnitudes to the UV photometry : u, g, r, i, z, and optical spectra of 860,224 matched sources. We used a match radius of 3″, consistent with previous works, although the positions agree to ≲15 for the majority of (pointlike) matched sources, in order to identify possible multiple matches whose UV flux could be unresolved in GALEX imaging. The catalogs can be trimmed to a tighter match radius using the provided separation. The multiband photometry is used to identify classes of astrophysical objects that are prominent in UV, to characterize the content of the GUVmatch catalogs, where stars in different evolutionary stages, quasi-stellar objects, and galaxies can be separated.
Yonsei Evolutionary Population Synthesis (YEPS) Model. III. Surface Brightness Fluctuation of Normal and Helium-enhanced Simple Stellar Populations
Authors: Chung Chul , Yoon Suk-Jin , Cho Hyejeon , Lee Sang-Yoon , Lee Young-Wook
Published: October 2020

We present an evolutionary population synthesis model of the surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) for normal and He-enriched simple stellar populations (SSPs). While our SBF model for the normal He population agrees with other existing models, the He-rich population, containing hotter horizontal branch stars and brighter red clump stars than the normal He population, entails a substantial change in the SBF of SSPs. We show that the SBF magnitudes are affected by He-rich populations at least ∼0.3 mag even in I- and near-infrared bands at given colors, from which the SBF-based distances are often derived. Due to uncertainties both in observations and models, however, the SBFs of Galactic globular clusters and early-type galaxies do not allow verifying the He-enriched model. We propose that when combined with independent metallicity and age indicators such as Mg2 and Hβ, the UV and optical SBFs can readily detect underlying He-rich populations in unresolved stellar systems at a distance out to ≳20 Mpc. A full set of the spectro-photometric and SBF data for SSPs from the Yonsei Evolutionary Population Synthesis (YEPS) model is available for download at http://cosmic.yonsei.ac.kr/YEPS.htm.
Spectroscopic Classification of Six Cataclysmic Variables with the Liverpool Telescope
Authors: Keeble J. A. , Copperwheat C. M.
Published: October 2020

This paper presents classification spectroscopy of 6 cataclysmic variables obtained with the Liverpool Telescope. These objects were discovered and identified as likely dwarf novae by the Gaia Alerts or ASAS-SN transient surveys.
A Layered Approach to Robust Determination of Asteroseismic Parameters
Authors: Elsworth Yvonne , Themeßl Nathalie , Hekker Saskia , Chaplin William
Published: October 2020

We describe here a layered approach to the robust determination of the broad characteristics of the asteroseismic signal from red-giant stars. No single stringent test can exclude all false results. The use of multiple, weak tests not only provides robust results but also avoids over-constraining the parameter space.
Liberating the Richness of Facts implicit in taxonomic Publication: The Plazi Workflow
Authors: Agosti Donat , Guidoti Marcus , Sautter Guido
Published: October 2020

The growing corpus of hundreds of millions of pages of taxonomic literature reporting research results based on specimens is very rich in facts. In order to make them reusable, Plazi, Pensoft and Zenodo are building and maintaining the Biodiversity Literature Repository which includes a workflow to discover, describe, store, in order to making these facts open access, findable, accesible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR).

Currently, 43,000 articles have 406,000 material citations, and around 50% of annually new described species are made accessible and immediately reused by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). All the images are deposited at the Biodiversity Literature Repository (BLR), as well as the taxonomic treatments. For each of these deposits enriched metadata is added and a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) is minted. Through this process, Plazi is the single largest data set provider to GBIF and continues to provide ca. 45,000 unique taxonomic names at GBIF.

The workflow is optimized for born digital portable data format (PDF) based publications, but other formats can also be ingested, including TaxPub, a taxonomy specific version of the Journal Article Tag Suit (JATS) XML. After ingestion, the PDF is readily converted to an open-access, proprietary format called Image Markup File (IMF). IMF is a compressed file format that consists of the enhanced information contained in the PDF, with figures and tables properly extracted. The IMFs are then housed at TreatmentBank, with associated exported files, including DwC-A for each parent article and their respective taxonomic treatments, XMLs of treatments and GBIF datasets of their parent articles. Taxonomic treatments, in addition to figures and the original PDFs, are also deposited on Zenodo, where a DOI is minted if none is already available. These Zenodo deposits include in the metadata links back to the different data and file formats, including the treatments XMLs, maintaining the system connected and up-to-date. Third-party players, like GBIF, Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI), Ocellus, OpenBiodiv and Synospecies are constantly fed by system hookups, which guarantees data consistency after further edits.

The PDF-IMF conversion and data enhancement is possible due to Plazi’s open-source software called GoldenGate Imagine. Ingested XMLs, that are validated against the TaxPub scheme, follow a similar path into the system and the many third-party applications.

This operation is supported by the Arcadia Fund as well by service contracts from publishers to disseminate their data. In addition, the workflow has been contributing treatments, images from numerous publications relevant to understanding the virus spillover as part of the CETAF COVID19 task force.

In this lecture this workflow is described and explained, including the associated infrastructure and its ongoing changes and upcoming steps of development.
Towards Community Collections Management
Authors: Smith Vincent , Dupont Steen , Woodburn Matt
Published: October 2020

Collections Management Systems (CMS) are central to the operation of many natural science collections. Over the past few decades, these have evolved from simple tables and databases recording the contents of our collections, to take on multiple roles supporting complex business processes and information management needs within our organisations. These new functional demands have often outpaced the technical development of these systems and organisational capacity to sustain them. Furthermore, their contents essentially remain institutional silos, managed and controlled by single institutions, despite servicing data and a scientific mission that is shared across the global community.

The Natural History Museum, London (NHM) has recently embarked on a journey, working with peer institutions and external consultants, to develop a platform-agnostic set of requirements for a sustainable, scalable and interoperable CMS. The vision of a highly efficient, more flexible and connected solution that can engage with other collections-based organisations and stakeholders is not unique to the NHM, and working with others, including the developers of other CMS, we seek to generate a better understanding of shared collection management business processes, data and data models.

To achieve these goals, a dedicated year-long programme has been formed to address the many facets of a collections management system specification (requirements, processes, standards, models and compliance), and to engage the landscape of internal and external peers, stakeholders and CMS providers.

In this presentation, we will provide some background to explain how the NHM has arrived in its current position and discuss our vision for building on the discussion around existing standards, interoperability and data access. We will summarise the programme’s structure and plans, report on the progress of the first few months, and highlight any challenges encountered and solutions delivered.
Re-discovery of Catasetum mojuense (Orchidaceae: Catasetinae), a poorly-known Amazonian species
Authors: Barberena Felipe Fajardo Villela Antolin , Costa Deivid Lucas de Lima da , Rocha Junior José Antônio Lima
Published: October 2020

The re-discovery of Catasetum mojuense A.T. Oliveira & J.B.F. Silva (Orchidaceae), an Amazonian species described in 1999 from the State of Pará, Brazil, is reported. In addition to geographic distribution data, a morphological description, taxonomical and ecological comments, conservation status assessment and photographs of C. mojuense are also provided. The species is characterised by having epiphytic habit, non-resupinate staminate flowers, brown-spotted petals, galeiform and smooth (no ribs) lip, lateral lobes with sparsely short-fimbriate margins and convergent antennae. Catasetum mojuense is morphologically similar to Catasetum discolor (Lindl.) Lindl, but is easily distinguished by the longer sepals and petals and the spotted petals on the staminate flowers. The new locality of occurence for C. mojuense is approximately 190 km east of the type locality, also in the State of Pará. The species is assessed as Critically Endangered. Habitat depletion and the limited number of sites of occurrence are the main concern for the conservation of C. mojuense.
Presbyopia Correction in Astigmatic Eyes Using a Toric Trifocal Intraocular Lens With Quadrifocal Technology
Authors: Kohnen Thomas , Lwowski Christoph , Hinzelmann Lisa , Ahmad Wasim , Petermann Kerstin , Hemkeppler Eva , Pawlowicz Katarzyna , Böhm Myriam
Published: October 2020

PURPOSE:

To evaluate the visual performance after bilateral implantation of a toric diffractive aspheric multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) with a +2.17 diopters (D) (60 cm) intermediate and a +3.25 D (40 cm) addition (add) power.

METHODS:

This prospective single-arm study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany. Twenty-five patients (50 eyes) received bilateral implantation of the toric PanOptix IOL (AcrySof IQ PanOptix; Alcon Research LLC) before enrollment. Exclusion criteria were previous ocular surgeries excluding lens surgery and ocular pathologies or corneal abnormalities. Examination at 3 months postoperatively included manifest refraction; monocular and binocular uncorrected distance (UDVA) and distance-corrected (DCVA) visual acuity at 4 m and 80, 60, and 40 cm; and slit-lamp examination. At 3 months postoperatively, monocular and binocular defocus, binocular contrast sensitivity under photopic and mesopic conditions, and optical phenomena, and spectacle independence were evaluated.

RESULTS:

Mean refractive spherical equivalent was 0.12 ± 0.380 D and mean refractive cylinder was −0.21 ± 0.237 D at 3 months postoperatively. A significant decrease in refractive cylinder was observed postoperatively (
P
< .05), with 98% showing a postoperative astigmatism below 0.75 D. Monocular UDVA was better than 0.14 logMAR in all distances. Binocular defocus curve showed peaks at 0.00 D (−0.09 logMAR) and −1.50 and −2.00 D (−0.02 and 0.00 logMAR). The worst values between far (4 m) and near (40 cm) distance were 0.04 logMAR at −1.00 D. Despite some optical phenomena, 92% of patients would choose the same IOL again and recommend it to others.

CONCLUSIONS:

The visual performance of the toric PanOptix IOL showed good visual acuity at all distances; more than 90% achieved a decrease of refractive cylinder below 0.75 D, high patient satisfaction despite some optical phenomena, and high spectacle independence 3 months postoperatively.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2020;36(10):638–644.]
Developmental Aspects of Pediatric Mental Health
Authors: Ballard Rachel , Perez-Reisler Marisa
Published: October 2020

Mental health disorders emerge in predictable patterns across pediatric development. Understanding these patterns can help clinicians anticipate emerging mental health problems. In this article, we review child development, merging concepts from developmental psychology with motor, language, cognitive, and social development. We point out developmental red flags for mental health disorders in each developmental period.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2020;49(10):e426–e430.]