bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Natural Dyes: From Cotton Fabrics to Solar Cells
Authors: Kartini Indriana , Dwi Hatmanto Adhi
Published: May 2021

This article will discuss natural dyes’ role, from colouring the cotton fabrics with some functionality to harvesting sunlight in the dye-sensitized solar cells. Natural dye colourants are identical to the low light- and wash-fastness. Therefore, an approach to improving the colourant’s physical properties is necessary. Colouring steps employing silica nanosol and chitosan will be presented. The first part will be these multifunctional natural dye coatings on cotton fabrics. Then, functionality such as hydrophobic surfaces natural dyed cotton fabrics will be discussed. Natural dyes are also potential for electronic application, such as solar cells. So, the second part will present natural dyes as the photosensitizers for solar cells. The dyes are adsorbed on a semiconductor oxide surface, such as TiO2 as the photoanode. Electrochemical study to explore natural dyes’ potential as sensitizer will be discussed, for example, natural dyes for Batik. Ideas in improving solar cell efficiency will be discussed by altering the photoanode’s morphology. The ideas to couple the natural dyes with an organic–inorganic hybrid of perovskite and carbon dots are then envisaged.
Pre-Harvest and Post-Harvest Techniques for Plant Disease Detections
Authors: K. Habib Maki , Rizk Hashem
Published: May 2021

As the agriculture industry is growing fast, many efforts are introduced to ensure a high quality of produce. Diseases and defects found in plants and crops affect greatly the agriculture industry. Hence, many techniques and technologies have been developed to help solve or reduce the impact of plant diseases. Imagining analysis tools and gas sensors are becoming more frequently integrated into smart systems for plant disease detection. Many disease detection systems incorporate imaging analysis tools and VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) profiling techniques to detect early symptoms of diseases and defects of plants, fruits, and vegetative produce. These disease detection techniques can be further categorized into two main groups: preharvest disease detection and postharvest disease detection techniques. This paper aims to introduce the available disease detection techniques and to compare them with the latest innovative smart systems that feature visible imaging, hyperspectral imaging, and VOC profiling. In addition, this paper considers the efforts to automate imaging techniques to help accelerate the disease detection process. Different approaches are analyzed and compared in terms of work environment, automation, implementation, and accuracy of disease identification along with the future evolution perspective in this field.
Typhoid Fever and Its Nervous System Involvement
Authors: Iqbal Ahmed Shaikh Atif , Thirumal Prabhakar Appasamy
Published: May 2021

Typhoid fever is a common cause of febrile illness. The causative organism S. Typhi uses special mechanisms to invade the intestines and then disseminates to the reticuloendothelial system. Thereafter, using the immune mechanism to its own advantage, it can reach the nervous system. The nervous system involvement usually occurs around the second week of fever. It usually occurs when the patient has severe sepsis. Neuropsychiatric manifestations are common, and fatigue is out of proportion to the fever. Diagnosis is often delayed, due to lack of diagnostic facilities in developing nations where it is common. In developed nations diagnosis is delayed as well, as often it is not suspected. Antibiotic therapy usually is effective, unless resistance is present, which is gradually becoming common. Early diagnosis and treatment usually leads to complete resolution of symptoms.
Radical Bioethics: Difference, Disability, and Desiderata
Authors: Jo Iozzio Mary
Published: May 2021

With diatoms—globally abundant single cell algae—as both a model and an extreme example of diversity among a single species, Radical Bioethics examines narrow constructions of human diversity as a failure of imagination and a refusal to recognize disability as another instance of difference. Along with other disciplines, bioethics has been slow to consider its biases, inherited from a history of social constructions, against people with disability. Both desire and desiderata offer an alternative to harms committed against people with disability in matters relating to initiatives that foster their inclusion as critical participants in and rightful recipients of the commonweal.
The Psychological Aspects of Home-Makers and Women during Pandemic
Authors: Firoz Wagla Wala Samina
Published: May 2021

Depression and anxiety are two faces of a coin and we unfortunately fail to understand the plight of a person suffering from any one of these mental conditions. However, nowadays people have started considering mental health as a serious and complex issue, but still, those suffering from it tend to shy away and hide in arrears their own dark curtains. Sometimes, a very normal looking person may also be a victim of mental breakdown and anxiety. He may be working out fine, laughing, smiling, talking and all, but somewhere deep inside and within, he may be crying his heart out. It just does not visibly appear so on the outside. Moreover, in the phase of COVID, this situation has aggravated a lot because of various reasons like loss of jobs, work from home, salary reductions and cost cuttings etc. The effect of these problems fell on the families overall, but the most suffered category was – THE HOMEMAKERS, or in other words, THE HOUSEWIVES. Housewives have usually higher resilience when it comes to handling problems and family issues as they have an inbuilt capacity and trait to handle and adjust themselves in any atmosphere and ambience after marriage, but this COVID period was equally tough to handle for them as well. Specifically, if we talk about housewives, the entire COVID period was difficult for them to handle because of multiple reasons which will be mentioned point by point.
Smartphones for Vision Rehabilitation: Accessible Features and Apps, Opportunity, Challenges, and Usability Evaluation
Authors: Singh Senjam Suraj
Published: May 2021

In today’s world, digital technology and smartphones have become a part of our everyday lives. Smartphones are one of the most advance forms of digital technology that can be viewed as assistive technology for disabled, including for individual with a visual loss. However, they are often not considered as assistive technology for visual impairment and blind, especially in low middle-income countries. There have been a lot of development in the mobile technology that incorporates computer technology, including electronic information, communication technology as well as touch-screen accessibility. Such an advancement in smart technology of mobile devices leads to the transformation of the interface technique from visual smartphones interaction into a truly eyes-free means interaction by using other body senses, such as haptic, gesture, and sound, etc. These innovative accessible features and applications enhance the accessibility of smartphones significantly to individuals with visual impairment. There are many built-in accessible features and third-party accessible applications that enable to access many useful information and contents in the smartphones. Such aesthetic technology facilitates in performing daily activities, independent functioning, movement, social inclusion and participation, educational activities, accessing information of today’s digital society, sighted help, and finally helps to improve the quality of life. Therefore, these smart technologies make smartphones to serve as assistive technology for people with visual impairment and blindness. The smartphones are visually and physically demanding, and are ubiquitous any time and any place, and user can carry it at everywhere. They are universally design, so less social stigma to the users and less discomfort when using it. To view smartphones as assistive technology universally, healthcare providers, caregivers or rehabilitation professionals need to be informed, and make aware of the beneficial aspect of smartphones and its accessibility. Finally, engineers and developers are continuously fostering to develop more innovative and readily accessible apps for visual impairment. Since single app does not fit all purposes for visual impairment and blind, there is a potential need of developing clinical guidelines on the use of such accessible apps or features that will help to recommend appropriately for various types of functions.
Athlete Psychological Resilience and Integration with Digital Mental Health Implementation Amid Covid-19
Authors: Balcombe Luke , De Leo Diego
Published: May 2021

The current pandemic’s effect on mental health is uncertain with reports of it being largely negative related to loneliness and unemployment. There are different responses to pandemic stress with regards to cultural differences and social environment. Athletes are special in their experience of psychological resilience – there is a trend of positive adjustment to adversity and stress. However, further systematic review is required to confirm these findings along with an athlete-specific psychological resilience instrument. Key themes in relationships include a dichotomous mental health state marked by maladjustment and subsequent resilience, biopsychosocial factors as well as an array of cultural, social and environmental support and demands marked by stressors within and outside of sport. Digital mental health implementation is a logical next step for advancing the construct of athlete psychological resilience towards complementing an effective prevention and early intervention. However, mental health practitioners are grappling with digital mental health in a hybrid model of care. There is a need for converging on methodologies due to the rapid development of digital technologies which have outpaced evaluation of rigorous digital mental health interventions. The functions and implications of human and machine interactions require explainable and responsible implementation for more certain and positive outcomes to arise.
The Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Geopolymers Using Mine Tailings as Precursors
Authors: Vizureanu Petrica , Doru Burduhos Nergis Dumitru , Victor Sandu Andrei , Petronela Burduhos Nergis Diana , Simona Baltatu Madalina
Published: May 2021

Mine tailings are waste materials that resulted from the extraction and processing of raw materials to form mineral products. These dusty particles present negative environmental effects after being deposited in different types of dumping areas. Based on the circular economy concepts and the presently pushing need of identifying wastes as a potential replacement for natural resources, this chapter aims to present the physical (density, microstructure) and mechanical (compressive strength, flexural strength) characteristics of different types of geopolymers which use mine tailings as precursors or blended systems (mixes of different raw materials). The main reasons of approaching this topic are the need to decrease the consumption of natural resources, reduce environmental pollution and create an economic system aimed to capitalize the mining wastes. Accordingly, this chapter includes information regarding the availability of this waste and its potential utilization as a raw material in civil engineering applications. Therefore, reports of specific agencies and multiple research studies which approach tailing based geopolymers or blended systems have been summarized.
The Microbiome of Cassava (Manihot esculanta)
Authors: Frediansyah Andri
Published: May 2021

The plant microbiome, like the plant, influences the processes that lead to plant development, health, and crop productivity. Cassava is a perennial herbaceous plant native to South America that has been cultivated for centuries as a staple food throughout the world. Not only is cassava a good source of carbohydrates, but it also has a high tolerance for a variety of phenotypic conditions, and the majority of cassava plants are susceptible to a variety of diseases. Thus, using cassava as a model, this chapter discusses the plant microbiome. We discuss the structure and function of the microbiome, as well as the technique for studying microbiomes. Additionally, we conducted a systematic review of references pertaining to the microbiome of the cassava plant using cultivation-dependent or cultivation-independent methods. Numerous significant genera of bacteria and fungi are found in cassava’s phyllosphere and rhizosphere, including groups of gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive Actinobacteria, and gram-positive non Actinobacteria. Additionally, we identified critical organisms in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere. Cassava endophytes also produce antifungal secondary metabolites such as pumilacidins and surfactin. The investigation of their phenotypes and interactions with the cassava plant will aid in increasing productivity.
Evaluation of Anxiety Disorders and Protective-Risk Factors in Children during Pandemic Process
Authors: Seçer İsmail , Ulaş Sümeyye
Published: May 2021

In this study, the possible negative effects of the pandemic process on children with anxiety disorders or anxiety sensitivity, risk factors and protective factors are discussed from a psychological point of view. In this context, were tried to review risk factors and protective factors by compiling the studies published in the literature on behavioral and emotional disorders observed in children, especially during the pandemic period. As risk factors are discussed mainly personal psychological characteristics such as traumatic experiences etc. As protective factors, personal qualities such as psychological resilience are discussed from a broad perspective. The aim of the chapter is to draw attention to the possible risk factors of children with anxiety disorders during pandemic process and their disadvantageous position resulting from this. At the same time, it is to contribute to the awareness of protective factors and measures that can be taken to strengthen children against this disadvantageous position.
Impact of COVID-19 on Psychological Status of General Population
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Yuvaraj , Nagarajan Ramya , Surendran Gayathri , Sakthivel Manikandanesan
Published: May 2021

WHO has declared COVID-19 as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Like the virus affects the entire body, the pandemic affected the entire global trade and economy, leading to the loss of jobs and businesses. Thus, it would be appropriate to quote COVID-19 as a social disease rather than treating only as a medical condition. The COVID-19 pandemic, being a social disease, affects all the individuals of the society in terms of their physical, mental, social health and challenges the economic status of the entire population, irrespective of whether they were physically sick. However, the mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has been overlooked, given its benign nature. We can anticipate a higher prevalence of psychological distress during any pandemic than typical situations. The COVID-19 instils fear and anxiety among people. Isolation and quarantine to reduce disease transmission have a negative impact on one’s mental health. The lockdowns lead to the closure of educational institutions and workplaces, loss of jobs, economic loss, lack of physical activity, restrictions on travel and gatherings. All these factors cumulatively affected the mental stamina of millions worldwide. Given its importance, we have reviewed the impact of COVID-19 on the psychological status of general population.
Comparison of Frequency Distribution of Diabetes in Hepatitis B and C Patients and Other People in Birjand
Authors: Ziaee Masood , Saljoughi Mahboubeh , Fardinfar Forough , Madarshahian Farah , Ebrahimzadeh Azadeh 
Published: May 2021

Background: Diabetes and hepatitis are among the most common diseases in the world. Hepatitis C virus leads to extra-liver manifestations, including endocrine disease and diabetes. The prevalence of hepatitis C and B in diabetic patients and the prevalence of diabetes in hepatitis C and B patients are higher than those in normal populations, and if each is added to the other, the complications will be more and the consequences will be worse. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the frequency distribution of diabetes and serum lipid levels in hepatitis B and C patients and other people. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, 80 patients with hepatitis B and C and 160 patients without hepatitis were included. In both groups, those with two glucose levels above 126 mg/dL were considered as diabetic subjects. Also, the tests for factors such as cholesterol, TG, LDL, HbA1c, HDL, and liver ultrasonography were performed for patients. Data were collected and entered into SPSS 23 software and analyzed using descriptive statistical tests (t test and chi-square or Fisher's exact test) at a significance level of α = 0.05. Results: A total of 240 patients [80 cases (hepatitis B or C positive) and 160 controls] were enrolled. Of them, 46.3% were females and most of them were in the age range of 45-55 years. Besides, 14 (5.8%) subjects had high fasting blood glucose levels of more than 126 mg/dl twice, and were considered to have diabetes. Among them, four (5.0%) cases (all having hepatitis B) and 10 (6.3%) controls were diabetics. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the mean serum lipids of cholesterol and LDL between the case and control groups (P < 0.1) but there was a significant association between HDL and TG in both groups (P = 0.02). Conclusions: All patients with hepatitis B and C should be screened for diabetes, and in addition to fasting blood glucose, we suggest that HbA1c be measured to confirm or rule out diabetes.
Guillain-Barre Syndrome in a Child Infected with COVID-19
Authors: Rafiei Tabatabaei Sedigheh , Shariatpanahi Ghazal , Azadkiya Romina , Karimzadeh Parvaneh , Karimi Abdollah
Published: May 2021

: Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) characterizes a monophasic ascending, symmetrical paralysis, with areflexia, progressing over days to weeks. Normally, as a post-infectious autoimmune procedure, it leads to destroying myelin. Scattered reports exist regarding the concurrent evidence of COVID-19 infection and adults with possible GBS. However, few former cases were reported in children. Here in, we report an 11 years-old boy with GBS concurrent with COVID-19 infection.
Clinical and Polysomnographic Characteristics of Patients with Extreme Obstructive Sleep Apnea, AHI > 100: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Soltaninejad Forogh , Neshat Negarsadat , Salmasi Mehrzad , Amra Babak
Published: May 2021

Background: Severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), defined by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) as more than 30 events per hour, was previously related to more comorbidity. However, limited studies separated the patients with AHI > 100 from those with a less severe manifestation of the disease. Objectives: The current study aimed at describing the characteristics of this subgroup and comparing them with less severe conditions. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 114 patients with OSA. Nocturnal polysomnography was used to diagnose severe OSA. Patients were categorized into two groups: (1) 60 < AHI < 100 (very severe OSA), (2) AHI ≥ 100 (extreme OSA). Demographic, medical history, and polysomnographic variables were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Results: Extreme OSA was diagnosed in 19 patients, the mean body mass index (BMI) was significantly higher in this group (39.26 ± 5.93 vs. 35.68 ± 6.45 kg/m2, P = 0.025). They also had lower minimal O2 saturation (65.68 ± 10.16 vs. 74.10 ± 8.74, P = 0.003) and more time with < 90% O2 saturation (T < 90%) (81.78 ± 22.57 vs. 58.87 ± 33.14, P = 0.01). OHS prevalence was significantly higher in the group with extreme OSA (P = 0.04). The most frequent comorbidity was hypertension, with an incidence of 60.5%, for the extreme group, although there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of clinical associations. Conclusions: The current study results suggested that greater BMI and lower minimal O2 saturation, as well as increased T < 90%, were associated with extreme OSA, although no differences were observed in the associated diseases between the compared groups.
Evaluation of Anticoagulant Monitoring in Pediatric Patients Receiving Enoxaparin for Treatment of Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Koury Jason , Hellinga Robert , Rose Jennifer , Abraham Shirley , Subbaswamy Anjali
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVES

A venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a blood clot that occurs secondary to vessel wall injury often from a central line insertion. Enoxaparin is often considered a first-line treatment in pediatrics for VTE due to its favorable kinetic profile. Enoxaparin monitoring for pediatric patients is accomplished through anti-Xa monitoring in which monitoring practices may vary between institutions. The objective of this study is to evaluate covariates in pediatric patients to determine which variables are most likely to be associated with enoxaparin dose changes as a result of anti-Xa monitoring.

METHODS

A single center, retrospective chart review was conducted in pediatric patients treated with enoxaparin for VTE over a 10-year period and who were assessed to determine covariates that lead to dose changes based on anti-Xa levels. Secondary outcomes described monitoring patterns at the University of New Mexico Children's Hospital.

RESULTS

Sixty-eight patients met inclusion criteria in which results showed that patients aged 2 to 5.9 months (p = 0.026), who had critical care status (p = 0.009), and who were of Native American ethnicity (p = 0.016) were likely to have an enoxaparin dose change at least once during their treatment regimen. The mean number of levels drawn were 7.5 per patient over a 6- to 12-week period, and doses were not frequently changed based on a confirmatory lab draw. However, many doses were adjusted based on the week 1 post-therapeutic level.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients of Native American ethnicity, younger than 6 months, and those admitted to the PICU were likely to have dose changes based on anti-Xa levels.
Active Extraction of Experience of Adverse Drug Reactions in Children
Authors: Noda Aoi , Obara Taku , Satoh Michihiro , Yagi Naoto , Mano Nariyasu , Kaneko Kenji
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

Safety information regarding the use of medication, over-the-counter drugs, and supplements for Japanese children is scarce. The aim of this study was to clarify adverse drug reaction (ADR) experiences in children and consider the method to collect ADRs efficiently.

METHODS

We conducted a questionnaire survey regarding the ADR experiences of 20,412 children who were attending a preschool or kindergarten in the cities of Warabi and Toda, Saitama Prefecture, in May 2013.

RESULTS

Responses were received from the guardians of 15,076 children (49.5% girls; 8.2 ± 3.5 yr). A total of 196 guardians (1.3%) responded that their children had experienced ADRs. Among them, a total of 243 suspected drugs and 284 ADRs were reported. Of the 243 suspected drugs, 2.5% were associated with a vaccine. The most frequently reported medication, reaction, and “medication–reaction pair” were antibacterials for systemic use, rash, and “antibacterials for systemic use and rash,” respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, we clarified that there were many potential ADRs among children, but all “medication–reaction pairs” reported were consistent with adverse events reported in the clinical trials available in the prescribing information of each medication. This study provides data respective to the frequency of these adverse events in the general pediatric population. Additional education is needed to enlighten guardians of the importance to report ADRs through the Direct Patient Reporting System.
Evaluation of Melatonin Practices for Delirium in Pediatric Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Laudone Thomas W. , Beck Shawna D. , Lahr Hubert J.
Published: May 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine the use of melatonin and its role in therapy for pediatric delirium (as either prophylaxis or treatment for delirium) in an academic medical center's PICU.

METHODS

This retrospective, single-center study reviewed patients between 1 and 18 years of age admitted to the PICU between April 1, 2014, and February 29, 2019. Patients were included if they were admitted for greater than 48 hours and received melatonin for the indication of “delirium.” Patients were excluded if melatonin was a home medication. Data collected included baseline characteristics, sedation and antipsychotic usage, assessment scores, and admission overview data. Descriptive statistics were used to report categorical data as percentages.

RESULTS

A total of 63 patients were included. Thirty-nine patients (62%) required antipsychotics post–melatonin exposure, with risperidone being the most frequently used agent. The average cumulative antipsychotic exposure pre– and post–melatonin initiation was 2 versus 13 days. The average cumulative exposure to sedating agents, including opioids, benzodiazepines, ketamine, dexmedetomidine, and propofol, pre– and post–melatonin initiation was 13 versus 10 days. The average hospital and PICU lengths of stay were 54 and 39 days, respectively. The initiation of melatonin was also associated with lighter levels of sedation and decreased pain scores.

CONCLUSION

Although the initiation of melatonin does not appear to decrease antipsychotic use, the results of this study may suggest a potential prophylactic effect in reducing the days of sedation the patient receives while inpatient.
Pitolisant in an Adolescent with Prader-Willi Syndrome
Authors: Pennington Stephanie , Stutzman Danielle , Sannar Elise
Published: May 2021

This case report evaluates the potential benefit of pitolisant in a 15-year-old female with Prader-Willi syndrome, obsessive-compulsive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and mild intellectual disability. Due to its action on the H3 receptor, it enhances central activity of histaminergic neurons resulting in increased alertness, irrespective of the loss of orexin neurons seen in narcolepsy. Additionally, it is thought to modulate various other neurotransmitter systems including acetylcholine, norepinephrine, and dopamine. Pitolisant has the potential to improve many symptoms in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome and it appears to be well tolerated with minimal side effects observed. Therefore, the use of pitolisant should be considered in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome who fail a psychostimulant trial.
Acute Tramadol Ingestion With Transient Acute Kidney Injury in an Adolescent Female
Authors: Mike Thomas B. , DeVault Heather , Blackford Martha G.
Published: May 2021

Renal toxicity has been described with tramadol overdoses; however, it is typically associated with rhabdomyolysis, multiorgan failure and/or mortality. Our patient was a 16-year-old female who was evaluated following an intentional tramadol ingestion, estimated 27.8 to 37 mg/kg, and had a seizure prior to arriving at our health care facility. Her symptoms were consistent with a tramadol ingestion; however, she developed transient acute renal impairment (peak serum creatinine, 4.04 mg/dL), which improved over 6 days with minimal intervention. No other causes were identified to explain her acute renal impairment thus it was attributed to the tramadol overdose. Providers should be aware that transient acute renal impairment could occur with an intentional tramadol ingestion and may not require aggressive intervention.
Conhecimento de enfermeiros da atenção básica na detecção precoce da síndrome HELLP
Authors: Santos Couto Pablo Luiz , Paiva Mirian Santos , Chaves Viviane Melo , Vilela Alba Benemérita Alves , Santos Núbia Rêgo , Pereira Samantha Souza da Costa , Antunes Isnara Francis Rodrigues Santos , Ferreira Luana Costa , Merces Magno Conceição das
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento de enfermeiros da atenção básica na detecção da Síndrome HELLP. Método: estudo qualitativo, realizado em um município do Nordeste Brasileiro com 18 enfermeiros coordenadores das unidades Estratégias de Saúde da Família que compõem a Atenção Básica do município. Foi realizada uma entrevista em profundidade com o auxílio de um roteiro com três questões abertas. As falas foram analisadas mediante a Análise de Conteúdo Semântica. Resultados: evidenciou-se duas categorias que retratam uma realidade preocupante quanto às desinformações dos enfermeiros sobre a síndrome e a consequente falta de conhecimento, decorrente do pouco contanto com gestantes que manifestam as complicações dessa toxologia gravídica ou até mesmo pela dificuldade em identificá-la e detectá-la precocemente, condutas preventivas ineficazes, e também falha na referência e contra referência. Conclusão: conclui-se que os enfermeiros da atenção básica apresentam falhas no cuidado, por apresentarem dificuldades na detecção precoce, que são reflexo do desconhecimento acerca deste agravo, o que evidencia a necessidade em promover educação continuada com os profissionais.
Aplicativo de apoio à aspiração do tubo endotraqueal e de vias aéreas superiores
Authors: Salome Geraldo Magela , Rosa Gislaine Cristina Martins
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: desenvolver um aplicativo multimídia em plataforma móvel para guiar, passo-a-passo, o procedimento de aspiração da cânula endotraqueal e das vias aéreas superiores. Método: estudo metodológico. A estrutura do aplicativo foi desenvolvida em 4 etapas: (1) identificação das necessidades do desenvolvimento do aplicativo, visto que alguns profissionais e cuidadores realizam a técnica de aspiração inadequadamente; (2) desenvolvimento do protótipo do aplicativo com base em revisão integrativa da literatura; (3) construção do aplicativo com a elaboração de árvores de decisão, algoritmos, estruturação do banco de dados e desenvolvimento do software; e (4) realização de testes de funcionalidade. Resultados: o aplicativo desenvolvido é composto por 81 telas com 52 ilustrações. Os testes de usabilidade, desempenho, compatibilidade e funcional foram realizados em 2 tipos de notebook, 6 tipos de smartphone e 2 tipos de tablete. Cinco problemas foram detectados e corrigidos antes do aplicativo ser disponibilizado ao usuário. O aplicativo deu entrada no registro de programa de computador no Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (processo número BR512018052435-4). Conclusão: foi desenvolvido o aplicativo multimídia em plataforma móvel (Asptraqueal-App) para apoio a procedimentos de aspiração do tubo endotraqueal e de vias aéreas superiores, o qual poderá ter grande utilidade para cuidadores e profissionais de saúde.
CRENÇAS PARENTAIS SOBRE PRÁTICAS DO CUIDADO E SUAS INFLUÊNCIAS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL.
Authors: E Souza Manuella Russolo , Barbosa Guilherme Correa
Published: May 2021

As crenças quando inseridas no âmbito familiar, atuam como modelos de ação nos cuidados parentais, influenciando assim, o desenvolvimento infantil. Objetivo: Analisar a produção científica referente às crenças parentais sobre práticas do cuidado e suas influências no desenvolvimento infantil. Método: A amostra foi selecionada através das bases de dados: LILACS, Scopus, PubMed e CINAHL, no período de 2014 a 2019. Estabeleceu-se 10 artigos como corpus de análise. Resultado: Ao se construir uma dinâmica familiar, as práticas parentais se associam às diferentes culturas e trajetórias de socialização vivida pelos pais. Estas exercem grande influência no desenvolvimento infantil visto que interfere no comportamento social da criança, desempenho escolar, comportamento sedentário e até mesmo em aparecimento de doenças mentais. O programa FAMILY CHECK-UP tem apresentado sucesso diminuindo práticas parentais negativas. Conclusão: As crenças parentais afetam as práticas do cuidado e traz influências no desenvolvimento infantil, com isso cabe a cada profissional, atentar-se individualmente a família e orientações realizadas aos cuidadores, com a intenção de reduzir problemas de desenvolvimento e promover melhores dinâmicas familiares.
Perfil de pacientes obesos atendidos na rede de Atenção Básica à Saúde no município de Chapecó, Santa Catarina
Authors: Oliveira Shawanda Abreu , Silva Bianca Gabriéli da , Machado Marcelo Augusto Kessler , Santos Kathusy Dos , Toledo Rosa Pereira , Simomura Viviane Lazari , Lutinski Junir Antonio
Published: May 2021

Introdução: A obesidade decorre do balanço energético positivo que favorece o acúmulo de gordura. É considerado um problema de saúde pública, de difícil tratamento por ser de causas multifatoriais. Objetivo: descrever o perfil de pacientes obesos atendidos na rede de Atenção Básica do município de Chapecó. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo transversal, com pacientes maiores de 18 anos, com IMC maior ou igual a 30 kg/m2, de ambos os sexos. Foram realizadas medidas antropométricas dos pacientes e aplicado questionários sociodemográfico e de frequência alimentar, bem como, questões relacionadas à ansiedade e ao estresse. O banco de dados foi construído no Software Excel for Windows e a análise estatística foi realizada por meio do software Past (versão 3) através de estatística descritiva (frequência) e comparadas por meio de testes não paramétricos (Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis). Resultados: Ao todo, 50 pacientes participaram do estudo. O IMC variou significativamente (p0,05) segundo o acesso ao serviço de saúde, ao consumo de frutas e frituras e ao sentimento de culpa. Não foi encontrada relação estatisticamente significativa (p0,05) segundo sexo, escolaridade, estado civil, zona de residência, ocupação, horas diárias trabalhadas, renda, meio de transporte, saneamento básico, número de consultas anuais e frequências de consumo de saladas, legumes, verduras, feijão, leite e derivados, hambúrguer e embutidos, biscoitos e salgadinhos, doces e refrigerantes e estresse. Conclusão: Os resultados indicam relação da obesidade com fator psicológico, além da frequência e das escolhas alimentares. O atendimento multiprofissional assegura a integralidade da atenção básica e pode ser um fator favorável no controle da obesidade.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE GESTORES PARA O PLANEJAMENTO DE AÇÕES NA DOENÇA CRÔNICA INFANTOJUVENIL
Authors: Silva Mayra Raquel Lima Lira , Nóbrega Vanessa Medeiros , Santos Mariana Matias , Nascimento Bruna França Silveira , Oliveira Renata Cardoso , Collet Neusa -
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: analisar estratégias de gestores para o planejamento de ações à saúde de crianças e adolescentes com doença crônica.Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, exploratório-descritiva, realizada por meio de entrevista semiestruturada entre março e maio de 2016, com gestores de saúde de um município da Paraíba. A interpretação dos dados seguiu princípios da análise temática, utilizando como base para discussão, os documentos oficiais do Ministério da Saúde brasileiro acerca do tema.Resultados: evidenciou-se desarticulação entre os gestores de diferentes áreas de atenção à doença crônica infantojuvenil, interferindo no planejamento de ações que atendam às singularidades desta população, não sendo reconhecida a necessidade do planejamento de ações específicas para essa população.Considerações finais: a invisibilidade de crianças e adolescentes com doenças crônicas para os gestores implica em escassez de estratégias no planejamento de ações na rede de atenção à saúde e inviabiliza a implementação de ações longitudinais, contínuas e resolutivas, bem como estabelecer fluxos assertivos e em momentos oportunos para o atendimento dessa população.
AUTOESTIMA E AUTOIMAGEM EM IDOSOS DE UMA CIDADE DO INTERIOR DA BAHIA
Authors: Soares Leticia Ribeiro , Rangel Rodrigo Leite , Rocha Fernanda Bonfim , Santos Lucas Brito dos , Chaves Renato Novaes
Published: May 2021

Objetivo: investigar a percepção de idosos sobre sua autoestima e autoimagem diante do envelhecimento. Metodologia: pesquisa descritiva, quantitativa, de corte transversal e levantamento de campo, realizado nas Estratégias de Saúde da Família (ESF) da cidade de Mucugê – Ba com 129 idosos. Para coleta de dados, utilizou-se o questionário com avaliação sociodemográfica, o Mini Exame do Estado Mental, a escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg e a Escala de autoimagem de Stunkard. Resultados: Houve prevalência de idosos até 79 anos (80,6%), do sexo feminino (72,2%); com bom estado geral de saúde (44,2%) além de nunca terem feito o uso de bebiba alcoólica (85,3%) e cigarro (92,2%). Em relação as DCNT 37,2% relatam ter apenas Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS); Ao IMC, apresentaram peso normal (41,1%) e sobrepeso (41,1%); na classificação das silhuetas 51,9% apontam estarem satisfeitos e na classificação da autoestima 96,9% (n=125) estão satisfeitos com seu corpo. Conclusão: evidenciou-se risco para problemas cardiovasculares, principalmente nos idosos do gênero feminino e apesar de predominar o sobrepeso, os idosos informaram sobre a sua silhueta que estão satisfeitos com o próprio corpo e afirmam ter uma boa autoestima.
ASSOCIAÇÃO DA TERAPIA DE REPOSIÇÃO HORMONAL COM A CONDIÇÃO PERIODONTAL DE MULHERES
Authors: Da Cunha Rossignollo Tavares Rodrigo Da Cunha Rossignollo , Reckziegel Michel Luís , Barbieri Ortigara Gabriela , Finger Tatsch Karen , Silveira Sfreddo Camila , Cunha Moreira Carlos Heitor
Published: May 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da TRH nas condições periodontais em mulheres na pós-menopausa. A amostra consiste de 90 mulheres na pós-menopausa na faixa etária dos 44-77 anos selecionadas em uma base de dados secundária, 42 fizeram uso TRH e 48 não utilizaram. A condição clínica de pós-menopausa foi considerada a ausência de menstruação por um período de 12 meses ou a remoção do útero a pelo menos 6 meses. TRH foi avaliada pelo relato na entrevista, sendo o uso, prescrições e tipos de medicamentos utilizados confirmados pela revisão dos prontuários médicos. Comparações entre os grupos foram testadas com teste t independente. Variáveis categóricas foram testadas através do teste qui-quadrado. Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes para nenhuma das variáveis periodontais entre os grupos. Menor perda de inserção foi observada no grupo que recebeu TRH, porém não foi observada uma diferença estatisticamente significante após o ajuste para idade. Quando dois critérios estabelecidos para determinar periodontite foram comparados entre os grupos, diferenças significantes não foram observadas. Neste estudo a condição periodontal de mulheres na pós-menopausa não foi associada ao uso de TRH.
AVALIAÇÃO DA PERMEAÇÃO TRANSCUTÂNEA DE FORMULAÇÕES COSMÉTICAS CONTENDO CAFEÍNA E Centella asiatica POR MEIO DE SISTEMA DE DIFUSÃO VERTICAL
Authors: Dos Santos Kensy Bruna , Schettert Kerschnera Karina , Norbert Deuschle Regis Augusto , Bonfanti Azzolin Gabriela , Hansen Costa Dinara , Deuschle Viviane Cecília Kessler Nunes
Published: May 2021

Introdução: Diversos produtos cosméticos são desenvolvidos para o tratamento da celulite. Entretanto, algumas técnicas são utilizadas para facilitar a permeação de ativos cosméticos através da pele, como a fonoforese.Objetivo: Avaliar a cedência, a permeação e a retenção da cafeína e do extrato de Centella asiatica de formulações cosméticas.Métodos: Foram desenvolvidas três formulações em gel contendo 1% de cafeína e 3 % de extrato glicólico de Centella asiática. Para avaliação da cedência, permeação e retenção, foram utilizadas células de difusão vertical tipo Franz. Os ensaios foram conduzidos com e sem o uso do ultrassom. O teor de cafeína foi quantificado por espectrofotometria e a presença do extrato de Centella asiatica foi avaliada por cromatografia em camada delgada.Resultados: Houve cedência e retenção para todas as formulações. A permeação cutânea da cafeína somente foi possível com o uso do ultrassom.Conclusão: Conclui-se que a cafeína e o extrato glicólico de Centella asiática foram liberados da formulação e uma fração ficou retida na camada córnea, podendo ainda ser permeada ao longo do tempo. A permeação sem o uso do ultrassom foi detectada somente para o extrato de Centella asiatica e o uso do ultrassom promoveu a permeação da cafeína.
Classificação por matérias das questões do Enade e POSCOMP
Authors: Da Silveira Mateus Edival Rodrigues , Boll Daniel Carlos Chaves , Matozinho Felipi Lima , Negrizoli Igor França , Vanzin Leonardo , Camara Mateus Karvat , Ismael Matheus Nunes , Alcantara Roberta Aparecida da Silva , Oyamada Marcio Seiji
Published: May 2021

O processo de avaliação de cursos de graduação adotado pelo Ministério da Educação é o Exame Nacional de Desempenho dos Estudantes (Enade). O Exame Nacional para Ingresso na Pós-Graduação em Computação (POSCOMP), organizado pela Sociedade Brasileira de Computação (SBC), tem como objetivo possibilitar a participação em processos seletivos de cursos de mestrado e doutorado, sem a necessidade de deslocamento. Este projeto tem como objetivo analisar as questões das provas do Enade (anos de 2008, 2011, 2014 e 2017) e POSCOMP (anos de 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 e 2018), visando determinar quais matérias são exigidas nas questões. Este projeto foi desenvolvido visando atingir um dos objetivos do Programa de Educação Tutorial, contribuindo para a elevação da qualidade da formação acadêmica dos alunos de graduação. É importante ressaltar que o trabalho proposto não tem como objetivo tentar moldar o Bacharelado em Ciência da Computação no qual o grupo PET atua ou mesmo as disciplinas para preparar os alunos para esses exames, mas tem caráter informativo e serve como ferramenta de auxílio para a coordenação do curso.
Identification of sphingosine 1-phosphate level and MAPK/ERK signaling in pancreatic β cells
Authors: Park Ji Hyun , Park Kwan Kyu , Choe Jae Young , Jang Kyung Mi
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Sphingosine kinase is a lipid kinase that phosphorylates sphingosine to generate sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P). S1P regulates pancreatic islet β-cell endoplasmic reticulum stress and proliferation. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes share some key pathogenic processes. In this study, we investigated whether secretion of insulin and production of S1P is altered in alloxan and glucose-treated cells from the rat pancreatic β-cell line RIN-5F.Methods: RIN-5F cells were treated with 2 mM alloxan and 20 mM glucose for 6 hours or 24 hours before being evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting.Results: Insulin secretion and expression was higher in RIN-5F cells treated with glucose compared to control cells. In contrast, alloxan treatment did not affect insulin secretion and expression in RIN-5F cells. Interestingly, compared with normal control levels, S1P/EDG-5 was increased in both alloxan and glucose-treated pancreatic β cell than normal control. Mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) inhibition strongly decreased the expression of insulin and S1P in glucose- or alloxan-treated RIN-5F cells.Conclusion: We observe that production of S1P is increased in both diabetic cell models. In addition, MAPK/ERK signaling regulates secretion of insulin and S1P expression in pancreatic β-cells. Based on the literature and our findings, S1P may be a promising agent for the treatment of insulin-related disorders.
High fructose exposure modifies the amount of adipocyte-secreted microRNAs into extracellular vesicles in supernatants and plasma
Authors: Hernández-Díazcouder Adrián , González-Ramírez Javier , Giacoman-Martínez Abraham , Cardoso-Saldaña Guillermo , Martínez-Martínez Eduardo , Osorio-Alonso Horacio , Márquez-Velasco Ricardo , Sánchez-Gloria José L. , Juárez-Vicuña Yaneli , Gonzaga Guillermo , Sánchez-Lozada Laura Gabriela , Almanza-Pérez Julio César , Sánchez-Muñoz Fausto
Published: May 2021

Background

High fructose exposure induces metabolic and endocrine responses in adipose tissue. Recent evidence suggests that microRNAs in extracellular vesicles are endocrine signals secreted by adipocytes. Fructose exposure on the secretion of microRNA by tissues and cells is poorly studied. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fructose exposure on the secretion of selected microRNAs in extracellular vesicles from 3T3-L1 cells and plasma from Wistar rats.

Methods

3T3-L1 cells were exposed to 550 µM of fructose or standard media for four days, microRNAs levels were determined in extracellular vesicles of supernatants and cells by RT-qPCR. Wistar rats were exposed to either 20% fructose drink or tap water for eight weeks, microRNAs levels were determined in extracellular vesicles of plasma and adipose tissue by RT-qPCR.

Results

This study showed that fructose exposure increased the total number of extracellular vesicles released by 3T3-L1 cells (p = 0.0001). The levels of miR-143-5p were increased in extracellular vesicles of 3T3-L1 cells exposed to fructose (p = 0.0286), whereas miR-223-3p levels were reduced (p = 0.0286). Moreover, in plasma-derived extracellular vesicles, miR-143-5p was higher in fructose-fed rats (p = 0.001), whereas miR-223-3p (p = 0.022), miR-342-3p (p = 0.0011), miR-140-5p (p = 0.0129) and miR-146b-5p (p = 0.0245) were lower.

Conclusion

Fructose exposure modifies the levels of microRNAs in extracellular vesicles in vitro and in vivo. In particular, fructose exposure increases miR-143-5p, while decreases miR-223-3p and miR-342-3p.
Local-scale impact of wind energy farms on rare, endemic, and threatened plant species
Authors: Urziceanu Mihaela , Anastasiu Paulina , Rozylowicz Laurentiu , Sesan Tatiana Eugenia
Published: May 2021

Background

Wind energy farms have become a popular solution to produce green energy worldwide. Their development within protected areas has increased dramatically in the past decade, and the effects on the rare, endemic and threatened plant species (i.e., protected plant species), essential for habitat conservation and management, are little known. Only a few studies directly quantify the impacts of wind energy farms on them. Our study analyzes the impact of wind energy farms on rare, endemic, and threatened plant species in steppic habitats and their recovery potential over a ten-year period on a wind energy farm within the Dealurile Agighiolului Natura 2000 site (Dobrogea Region, SE Romania).

Methods

We surveyed the rare, endemic, and threatened plant species within a radius of approximately 50 m around each of the 17 wind towers during the wind farm operational phase. We selected 34 plots to allow the investigation of two types of areas: (1) a disturbed area overlapping the technological platform, where the vegetation was removed before construction, and (2) an adjacent undisturbed area. To understand the effects of the wind energy farm on the rare, endemic, and threatened plant species diversity and the differences between the disturbed and undisturbed areas, we calculated under both conditions: (1) plant species richness; (2) sample-size-based rarefaction and extrapolation with Hill numbers parameterized by species richness; (3) non-metric multidimensional scaling of Jaccard dissimilarity index; (4) functional diversity; (5) beta-diversity (including replacement and nestedness of species).

Results

As a result of the disturbances caused by the wind energy farm’s development, we identified a sharp contrast between the diversity of rare, endemic, and threatened plants inhabiting disturbed and undisturbed areas near the wind towers. Our research showed that less than 40% of the total inventoried rare, endemic, and threatened species colonized the disturbed sites. Species turnover within undisturbed plots was higher than disturbed plots, implying that the plant community’s heterogeneity was high. However, a higher richness in rare, endemic, and threatened plant species was found in the plots around the wind towers in grasslands of primary type. Sample-size-based rarefaction and extrapolation with Hill numbers by observed species richness indicated an accurate estimation of species richness in disturbed habitats, demonstrating that recovery after wind energy farm construction was incomplete after ten years of low-intensity plant restoration and conservation activities. Thus, we consider that operating activities must be reconfigured to allow the complete recovery of the communities with rare, endemic, and threatened plant species.