bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The ecological aspects of housing stock construction and restoration in emergencies
Authors: Tkachenko Vladimir , Grishin Valentin
Published: July 2023

The paper discusses the ecological aspects of construction and restoration work in emergency situations, identification of objects and systems of restoration, as well as issues and risks associated with the implementation of this type of work. It is shown that construction and restoration work is an essential tool for minimizing the negative consequences of disasters, military actions, and ensuring the safety and ecological security of the population. The paper examines the organizational and managerial activities in carrying out construction and restoration work in emergencies and the ecological principles employed during construction, as well as planning, organization, and execution of restoration work.
About the climatic overhaul in Moscow
Authors: Ermalaeva A.A. , Sinenko S.A.
Published: July 2023

The article presents the results of the analysis of the factors of the housing sector that affect the state of the city's environment, as well as the study of the essential aspects of the problem. The list of technologies that it is advisable to apply when carrying out major repairs of the building and at the same time reduce the impact of negative factors on the environment. The role of adaptation of systems to climate change in the framework of major repairs and the algorithm of their implementation.
Organizing healthy landscapes in densely populated urban areas
Authors: Adilov Zarif Khimmatovich , Komiljonov Muhammadsolih Sobirjon o’g’li , Musayeva Zumrad Mukhitdin qizi , Zakirova Munisa Shukhrat qizi , Shonazarov Dilshod Ravshanovich
Published: July 2023

According to the World Health Organization, in recent years there has been an increase in problems in the physical, mental and social environment of urban residents. These problems are related to obstacles to a healthy lifestyle, lack of physical activity. We analyze the increased attention to this topic by urban planners, architects and other governing bodies due to the global pandemic. In this article, we consider the design of health landscapes for different segments of the population. In doing so, we will cover the equipment used in health landscapes, small architectural forms, types of therapy, the use of plants, how to organize areas, taking into account the age and capabilities of the population.
Innovative development of the Arctic territories in the framework of ensuring national competitiveness
Authors: Kiselev Vladimir Mikhailovich , Danko Tamara Petrovna , Chaykovskaya Lubov Aleksandrovna , Epshtein Nikita Dmitrievich , Petropavlovskaya Alla Vladislavovna , Tsenina Ekaterina Vladimirovna
Published: July 2023

This study presents a comparative analysis of innovative development, advantages and threats of the Arctic zones belonging to Russia, Norway and Sweden by rating positioning using mathematical analysis methods. In order to determine the strengths and weaknesses of Russia among its Arctic competitors a comparative analysis was carried out using the index (coefficient) of innovative development of all these research subjects. The study also included the comparison of the parameters that make up its categories (enlarged group indicators) and subcategories (single indicators included in the categories). The results of the comparative analysis showed that for most of the studied indicators included in the subcategories (‘labor productivity’, ‘foundation of new enterprises’, ‘certification’, ‘high-tech production’, etc.), Russia lags far behind Norway and Sweden. Russia’s advantages lie in such subcategories as the development of innovative links between universities and the industrial sector in R&D, trade, diversification, and scope of market. Russia also successfully competes in such subcategories as business environment formation and creation of information and communication technologies. It was noted that these areas are promising for Russia and they should be given great attention to increase the competitiveness of Russia’s Arctic.
Hydrochemical monitoring of GRES power plant
Authors: Evgrafova Irina , Evgrafov Alexei
Published: July 2023

Cooling ponds are an important part of the complex of thermal power plant facilities. However, with their economic use, there are needs for environmental monitoring and environmental assessment to predict the condition and assess their effectiveness. In this research, first, the issues of hydrochemical monitoring are considered; second, an ecological analysis of hydrochemical indicators is carried out. The research showed that during the year an unsatisfactory condition is observed according to biochemical parameters, and the content of basic ions is within the normal range. The results of research expand knowledge in the field of environmental monitoring and can be useful in design and survey activities.
Ecological monitoring of overgrowing of the GRES reservoir
Authors: Evgrafova Irina , Evgrafov Alexei
Published: July 2023

Hydrobiological monitoring is currently widely used in the study of the water quality of cooling ponds of thermal power plants. With a high level of anthropogenic load, overgrowing gives a reliable integral result of the overall ecological condition of the reservoir. However, there is insufficient volume of actual field studies and their analytical processing in the scientific literature. In this study, an analysis of the ecological state of the object overgrowing was carried out, the main types by seasons were determined and the relationship with anthropogenic activity was established. The study showed an insignificant area of overgrowing of the reservoir surface, as well as the absence of a positive effect from the placement of biomodules. The research results expand knowledge about pond overgrowing, and can also be useful to a wide range of environmental specialists.
Completing the planning and implementation of plans of public investment in road infrastructure construction in Vietnam
Authors: Le Quan , Tuyet Dung Nguyen Thi , Do Van Thuan , Manh Hùng Bui
Published: July 2023

In recent years, public investment has been crucial in promoting socioeconomic development. In the context of Vietnam's economic recession and difficulties due to the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, public investment in road transport infrastructure construction has become an effective tool for macroeconomic management. Planning and implementation of plans have an essential function in ensuring investment efficiency. The article analyzed the current situation of public investment planning and implementation in road infrastructure construction, pointed out the shortcomings, and established 19 criteria to evaluate the planning function and organization of plan implementation. Also, in the article, quantitative analysis is performed through SPSS software to determine the level of achievement of the targets. That is the basis for the authors to propose some solutions to improve the planning and implementation of plans to enhance the efficiency of public investment in road infrastructure construction in Vietnam.
Road Network Research Towards Sustainable Development of the Metropolitan Area
Authors: Gorlova Olga , Laiyk Aidana , Sakatai Asel , Stativa Ekaterina , Denikin Anatoly , Denikina Zoya
Published: July 2023

The article presents the analysis of a road network section located in Timiryazevsky District of Northern Administrative District of Moscow. Following the survey, traffic organisation characteristics were obtained, as well as the data on pedestrian flows, traffic density, operational features of public transport and zoning of the area adjacent to the object of study in terms of its use. The obtained results represent the main input parameters for simulation modelling that allows assessing different scenarios for sustainable development of the territory.
Critical headway and follow-up time analysis at two-lane roundabouts
Authors: Karimov Navruz Mirzorahimovich , Pirov Jahongir Tilloevich , Mikhaylov Alexander Yuryevich
Published: July 2023

Design of urban intersections, as well as the traffic control design on them requires the development of methods of capacity, traffic delays and queues estimation. Two and three-lane roundabouts are designed and operated in many cities of the Russian Federation. Currently there are no approved methods of performance estimation of such multilane roundabouts. The development of such methods would require the determination of all characteristics which are used in consistent calculations of capacity, traffic delays and queue lengths. Research target is to establish the values of multilane roundabouts critical headway and follow-up time. Two-lane traffic circles are analyzed at this research stage. Video records were received from the cities of Bratsk, Petrozavodsk, Pskov. The headways measured between the front bumpers of cars, were recorded on each lane of the circular roadway. Critical headway and follow-up time were determined using linear regression. It was found that the values of critical headway and follow-up time of the left and right entry lanes have different values. These results proved the validity of capacity calculation methods based on a separate consideration of each of entry lane. Further research will focus on estimation of critical headway and follow-up time for three-lane roundabouts. Consistent solving of mentioned above research tasks will allow to form an estimation methodology for all characteristics of multilane roundabouts.
The use of digital technology in the selection and training of students in the transportation system
Authors: Shcherbakova Olga , Voronetsky Aleksei , Sengaeva Marina , Bazhdanova Yulia , Ibragimova Dzhamilya
Published: July 2023

The article shows the possibility of using online testing with the help of a computer program in the selection of applicants for technical direction and digital tools for teaching students. It solves the following problems: to show the application of the computer program to determine professional aptitude of future applicants with the help of online testing on digital devices, as well as show the use of digital tools in the organization of work in the training of students. The methods and research tools were digital technologies (online board “Miro”; Edupuzzle – online service for creating visual material; Pear Deck – tool to involve students in the learning process by interactive; Mindomo – for creating mind maps; online testing with the “Wizard” tool; test questionnaire in Google form on the studied material on the “Interpersonal conflicts management” discipline; author’s questionnaire on using digital tools in the learning process of students). The article presents the author’s approach to recruit future students in different learning profiles, including technical, using a computer program written in the “JavaScript” programming language with the created testing interface and subsequent ability to process its results using digital devices such as phone, tablet, computer, etc.
Development of distributed and decentralized intelligent transport systems in terms of digitalization
Authors: Aohua Guo , Zyryanov Vladimir , Chunguang Liu
Published: July 2023

Intelligent Transport System (ITS) is one of the fastest growing areas of intelligent systems that improves road safety and fuel efficiency, reduces traffic congestion, refines the environmental situation of metropolitan cities. The main functions of the intelligent transportation system are real-time monitoring of road conditions in certain areas, location of road traffic incidents (RTI), dynamic monitoring and management of the continuous use of public transport services, as well as anything that can lead to changes in road traffic. In this article, the aforementioned ITS functionality is used as basic simulation scenarios for the development and implementation of an Intelligent Transport System based on the Internet of Things and blockchain technology. Both of these technologies have the inherent characteristics of a distributed technology, integrating IoT sensor nodes and distributed registry technology to register changes in Intelligent Transportation systems and create a credit token mechanism to pay for the use of road transport services. The Intelligent Transport System is a comprehensive intelligent system; it can significantly change and improve traffic conditions.
Developing client-centred marketing programmes in a fragile external environment
Authors: Bondarenko Victoria A. , Ivanchenko Olesya V. , Guzenko Natalia V. , Bekbergeneva Dina E.
Published: July 2023

The background to this research was global economic instability, the impact of the pandemic and sanctions policies, which have had a negative impact on Russian trading companies. These facts make it necessary to reconsider strategic decisions with regard to adapting marketing planning in a turbulent external environment. The main purpose of this article is to improve approaches to the formation and implementation of customer-centric marketing programmes of a trade organization. Based on analytical research methods, an adaptive approach to developing a consumer-oriented marketing programme is proposed, taking into account external market opportunities and constraints. Identifies the external environment in which the trade organization operates, which external factors influence it and which of the company's marketing decisions are driven by environmental challenges and risks. The method of grouping marketing activities within a client-centred marketing programme was used. The presented approach to the formation of a customer-centric marketing programme of a trading company solves the issues of timely adaptation to changing market requirements while actively influencing the target consumer within the framework of creating an effective marketing management framework.
Calculating Investment Efficiency of Chinese Energy Enterprises by DEA Method
Authors: Zhi Qi
Published: July 2023

Investment efficiency reflects the debt paying ability, profitability and sustainability of enterprises, and is a guide to the development direction of Chinese energy enterprises. Investment efficiency is the ratio of the value of the effective benefits generated by the investment behavior of a firm to the value of the related expenditures, which reflects the degree of efficiency of the firm's use of materials.Fisher, Modigliani and Miller consider business activities as a continuation of investment activities. Therefore, corporate investment behavior is equivalent to production behavior in economics, and the efficiency of corporate investment is equivalent to production efficiency. There are many factors that affect the efficiency of corporate investment, and by studying investment efficiency, these influences can be assessed. For example, Song Liying, Li Liqing An Tongliang Czarnitzki D, and Hu Wenjun evaluated the effect of government subsidies through investment efficiency. Tian Yu, Zhang Tongbin evaluated the tax policy through investment efficiency. DEA method is widely used internationally as a method to measure efficiency. It was proposed by Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes and promoted by Banker et al. and Fare.The DEA approach relies on the observed data of the decision unit to calculate the input-output ratio and determine the effective production frontier. In this paper, the investment efficiency of Chinese energy companies is studied using the DEA method to lay the foundation for the evaluation of investment policies.
Forecasting financial markets using advanced machine learning algorithms
Authors: Medvedev Aleksandr , Medvedev Artem
Published: July 2023

This article explores the application of advanced data analysis techniques in the financial sector using neural networks for price forecasting in financial markets. Neural networks, with their ability for self-learning and capturing complex dependencies, offer great potential for accurate financial trend predictions. The article describes the development and utilization of a mathematical model based on convolutional neural networks for forecasting the state of financial markets. The model is trained on historical data, uncovering hidden relationships among various factors and predicting future prices based on acquired knowledge. However, additional research and algorithm optimization are needed to further enhance the accuracy and reliability of the forecasts. The application of neural networks in financial market forecasting represents a crucial area of research that can significantly impact decision-making and the performance of financial operations. Improving the accuracy and reliability of such models can contribute to more effective risk management and better outcomes in the financial sector.
The educational image of a modern-day university: conceptual, methodological and pedagogical aspects
Authors: Abaev Alan , Volkova Victoria , Gurieva Madina , Nasyrova Elena , Chasovskaya Lyudmila , Khachikyan Elena
Published: July 2023

Subject matter: the conceptual, methodological and pedagogical aspects of forming the educational image of Russian universities in the context of modern socio-economic changes. Aim: to formulate conceptual and methodological approaches to forming an educational image for modern-day universities by analyzing practices thereof. Competition on the services market and the current socio-economic situation in the country have demonstrated that there exists a need for constant improvements to an educational institution’s image, and have brought to light the necessity of further development of conceptual, methodological and pedagogical aspects thereof. Russian universities have accumulated enough experience in forming an educational image, however it has not yet been sufficiently analyzed, generalized and integrated into the higher education system. A revision and an modernization of views on the role, aim, goals and functions of a university’s educational image are required, as well as a rationale behind the organizational, informational and methodical elements of this process which would be adequate to modern educational and socio-economic circumstances and to development prospects of Russian higher education. The results of the study may be utilized for the purposes of developing a model of creating an educational image, for developing technological support for the forming and the development of educational image.
Prerequisites and prospects for improving the quality of ESG assessment as a tool for responsible investment
Authors: Zenkina Irina V.
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this article is to examine comprehensively the issues of information and methodological support for the ESG assessment of companies as a tool for responsible investment, to identify the prerequisites for the development of approaches to ESG assessment, and to identify areas for improving the quality of ESG assessment in order to make investment decisions that are comprehensively justified, ESG-conscious, and strategically valuable. The research examines the prerequisites for enhancing the quality of the ESG assessment, with a focus on the lack of information and methodological support for the analysis of sustainable development, and identifies the principal means for its enhancement. This article argues that the most important factor in guaranteeing the high quality of the ESG assessment is to increase the transparency, validity, and objectivity of methodological approaches to the ESG assessment, as well as the utilization of reliable tools for assessing uncertainty and sensitivity. The author proposes a method for a comprehensive evaluation of a company's sustainable development, utilizing modern digital technologies for the analytical processing of ESG data.
Estimating optimal hedging ratio and hedging efficiency in China's stock market
Authors: Yansong Song , Charaeva Marina V. , Bakulina Anna A. , Njoroge Parmenas K.
Published: July 2023

This paper examines the risk spillover mechanism between China's stock market and international commodity markets using selected industry data series on soybean copper, gold, silver, sugar, and crude oil. Based on the results of this analysis, a DCC-GARCH model is used to describe the dynamic correlation, build a risk hedging model, calculate the risk hedging efficiency, and evaluate the risk hedging effect. According to the findings, the industrial and optional consumer industries are the primary risk receiving markets, while the energy and finance industries are the primary risk export markets. The stock market crash in 2015 and the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 made the risk spillover between China’s stock market and international commodity markets surge. On average, the commodity copper is the most efficient hedge, followed by silver, while commodities such as sugar, gold and soybeans are less effective, and copper will continue to be a good hedge for the Chinese stock market in the coming months.
Regional business management in the context of foreign economic sanctions: online survey methodology
Authors: Korobov Sergei , Epinina Veronica , Usacheva Irina , Moseiko Viktor
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the study is to justify and prove the feasibility of taking regional measures to support small and medium-sized businesses by public authorities under current conditions of foreign economic sanctions. Based on the online survey methodology by the example of Volgograd region, the following problems and risks were identified which include: problems and risks for business entities in the region under sanctions pressure; the level of awareness of small and medium-sized businesses about the measures of state support; the level of satisfaction of small and medium-sized businesses with state support measures; the effectiveness of government support measures for business in the region under sanctions pressure. The study resulted in a comprehensive analytical insight. As small and medium-sized enterprises face various problems in the current conditions of foreign economic sanctions, therefore it is necessary to improve and develop (in view of successful experience of other regions) regional measures to support small and medium-sized businesses by public authorities. Particularly, this concerns maintaining reduced tax rates and rates for microfinance programs. A set of priority areas for leveling the main reasons why entrepreneurs cannot take advantage of measures to support business by public authorities in the context of foreign economic sanctions is proposed by the authors. The scientific novelty of the article is due to the rationale for prioritizing the use of regional support measures based on the methods of economic statistics to support small and medium-sized businesses by public authorities aimed at the development of financial (material) and information resources of business entities in the current conditions of foreign economic sanctions.
Automating the formation of statistical data on the results of research activities of the university
Authors: Torobekov Bekzhan , Arzybaev Almazbek , Zhusueva Nargiza , Azimova Alimakan , Rifert Kristina
Published: July 2023

The paper considers the formation of the concept of scientific research (SR) of universities with the task of developing an automated tool for evaluating its results. Modern requirements and trends in the organization and management of scientific research work in universities are given. The role of information support and measurement procedures in assessing the results of scientific research are emphasized. The necessity of automating the processes and reporting data of university scientific research is substantiated. An analysis of works and publications on the automation of assessment of research work of universities is provided. Names of university research activity report data are systematized and described. The model of the process of forming the university research reports is presented, which will ensure the effectiveness of information support of scientific research.
Problems of integration of ESG standards into the practice of Russian corporate governance
Authors: Maksimov Maksim , Anokhina Marina , Kolesnikov Anatoliy
Published: July 2023

Over the past decade and a half, interest in sustainable development topics and the principles of ESG has been consistently at a high level. A large number of foreign academic researchers and representatives of the business community consider these issues as the central theme of management science and practice in the current socio-economic realities. In general, it can be stated that in the paradigm of globalism, actively promoted by the United States and a number of its allies over the past two decades, the concepts of green transition, zero hydrocarbon footprint, gender, and racial diversity, specific requirements for CSR and other incarnations of ESG approaches were perceived as key to business success and competitiveness. To date, the globalist track of the development of the world economy is no longer considered as the only possible one and corresponding to the needs of the development of national economies. At the same time, it should not be denied that a number of provisions used in the ESG concepts are extremely rational and universal and, if applied correctly, can show an undoubted positive result. This work is devoted to the issues of effective integration of ESG standards in the current socio-economic conditions and the objective issues that accompany this process.
Value perception analysis of the educational product of the university in the conditions of digital transformation
Authors: Polyakova Elena
Published: July 2023

In today’s realities, the issue of value development is of increased interest due to the transformational processes of digitalization, as well as the dynamically changing external environment, which contributes to shifts in the behavior in the educational process, changes in the perception of factors in the development of educational organizations, changing priorities, the formation of new approaches to the creation and promotion of educational products. Under these conditions, it becomes relevant to study the value perception of the university product by external and internal stakeholders to form an educational product that meets modern requirements.
Modeling of pollutant emissions from the turbine engine of the main propulsion of a vessel in operating conditions
Authors: Wirkowski Pawel , Markowski Jaroslaw , Imilkowski Pawel , Iliev Iliya , Jesionek Krzysztof , Badur Janusz , Dlugiewicz Piotr , Madry Jacek , Wieczorkiewicz Grzegorz , Benedict Pawel
Published: July 2023

The intensification of environmental protection measures is being implemented in all economic and industrial activities. The goal of reducing harmful emissions from various types of combustion engines used in different applications is being pursued dynamically. The introduced changes concern the values of harmful emission limits and the methods of measuring or assessing their emissions. There are solutions for propulsion systems, such as turbine engines used on ships, where there is a need for constant monitoring of operational and environmental parameters during the operation of the vessels. Continuous measurement of harmful emission values contained in exhaust gases during the operation of these systems allows for an assessment of their impact on the environment. However, due to the costs of measuring equipment and limitations associated with its use, alternative methods are being sought to evaluate pollution emissions resulting from the operation of turbine engines. One possibility is to assess the emission characteristics of the propulsion system in emission tests under conditions of its actual operation. Based on this, by introducing basic mathematical tools, it is possible to determine the values of emissions of individual pollutants during the propulsion system operation in actual conditions. These actions are presented in this paper.
Experimental investigation of water turbine with oscillating blades
Authors: Velichkova Rositsa , Pushkarov Martin , Simova Iskra , Markov Detelin , Denev Ivan , Angelova Radostina
Published: July 2023

Energy from renewable sources reduces greenhouse gas emissions and lowers our dependence on imported fossil fuels. In the presented work, a new way of harnessing the energy of sea waves is given, namely a turbine with oscillating blades. The experimental stand on which the experimental tests were carried out at different revolutions of the hydromotor of the turbine and at four different angles of the blade is presented.
A model of a cyber-physical installation for smart greenhouse agriculture
Authors: Temelkova Miglena , Bakalov Nikola
Published: July 2023

The article reviews the main aspects, parameters and effects integrated by smart agriculture. An analysis of the main definitions of the “smart agriculture” concept is drawn, and, a cyber-physical installation for smart greenhouse agriculture is modeled on that basis. The specific benefits from the cyber-physical systems in the agricultural production process are also defined by taking into account the actual prerequisites, factors and indicators related to smart-based agriculture. The main restrictive conditions are generated, as well as the managing parameters and the criterion for optimality of the model of a cyber-physical installation for smart greenhouse agriculture. At the same time, the architecture of a cyber-physical installation for smart greenhouse agriculture is described, while there are the specific mathematical variables integrated in it from the optimization task set in the model. Highlighted are the specific activities performed by each structural element of a cyber-physical installation for smart greenhouse agriculture, where their practical-and-applied benefits and efficiency are also defined, which ultimately leads to achieving the set optimization criterion – maximum return of the invested financial resources.
Introduction of optimal photovoltaic and wind power balance algorithm in power systems
Authors: Karapidakis Emmanuel , Nikologiannis Marios , Konstantinidis George , Katsigiannis Yiannis
Published: July 2023

Since 2021, Crete has been connected to the mainland’s power system grid providing security regarding load peak demand and intra-day fluctuations. The grid provides, also, the opportunity to take full advantage of it in order to alter the island’s energy mix, making the island’s power system more climate neutral and reduce the emissions produced by conventional power production means. In the current paper, the utilization of mathematical models and a few numerical solution algorithms lead to the optimization of the power production of RES, under certain constraints regarding the system’s rejections. The approximation of each optimal solution for all three cases is satisfactory, which is, for the first two cases, an immediate result of the linear properties of the objective function that expresses the annual production of RES in each case. Those linear properties prevent each approximated solution from deviating from the problem’s feasible region, while, also, permitting the use of optimization techniques which can be easily implemented and require very little computational time. For the third case, a search algorithm has been designed and implemented, yielding accurate, yet low-precision solutions, which approximate sufficiently the optimal ones.
Reduction of earthquake amplification by seismic metamaterials made of circular positioned concrete piles
Authors: Kacin Selcuk , Ozturk Murat , Sevim Umur , Karaaslan Muharrem , Akgol Oguzhan , Ozer Zafer , Demirci Mustafa , Unal Emin , Mert Bayram , Başar Mustafa
Published: July 2023

Seismic surface waves with low frequencies results in higher effects. The aim of the utilization of seismic metamaterials is to prevent or minimize the effects of this waves particularly wide frequency ranges. This study presents the investigation of the reducing effects of seismic metamaterials composed of circular array concrete piles on surface waves. The investigation of circular array concrete piles has been carried out numerically between 5-15 Hz. The effectiveness of the periodic structure has been observed numerically for fields including metamaterials by comparing empty field. The observations have been depicted according to transmission losses for two cases by using finite element method (FEM) simulations. The wave propagation also presented at the related frequencies where the transmission losses seen. Effective dimensions of radius and length of the structures have been obtained by using parametric approach. It has been proved numerically that the suggested concrete piles reduces the hazardous effects of surface waves.
EDT0L grammars with only one variable have tractable generating functions
Authors: Freden Eric , Martinsen Kevin
Published: July 2023

We introduce new counting techniques for computing the growth of EDT0L languages based on generalized Parikh vectors. The structure generating function S(z) for any language formed from an unambiguous EDT0L system with one variable and m tables is tractable in the sense that its Taylor polynomial SN(z) can be constructed in time O(N2+log2m). We illustrate by example that this result is not necessarily true for systems with several variables. The dichotomy between one variable and several variables is partially explained using matrix algebra.
Platelet Mapping by Thromboelastography and Whole Blood Aggregometry in Adult Patients Supported by Mechanical Circulatory Support Device on Aspirin Therapy
Authors: Volod Oksana , Arabia Francisco A. , Lam Lee D. , Runge Alice , Cheng Caleb , Czer Lawrence S. C.
Published: July 2023

Patients on mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices are placed on aspirin and may require platelet function testing (PFT) to monitor the adequacy of therapy. Routine laboratory PFT is performed using whole blood aggregation (WBA) which typically has a long turnaround time (4–5 hours) and may not be readily available. By contrast, platelet mapping by thromboelastography (TPM) can provide results within 45 minutes. The objective of this study was to compare the results of TPM with WBA. We compared platelet mapping maximal amplitude (MA) by TPM with that of arachidonic acid (AA) to WBA with AA by impedance. We analyzed paired samples where both TPM and WBA were available. Of 45 paired samples, 34 were from 29 MCS patients and 11 were from non-MCS patients. When applying institutional interpretation guidelines with an MAActivator cutoff of ≤40 mm, WBAAA vs TPM MAAA in non-MCS and MCS patients correlated well with an accuracy of 100 and 94.4%, respectively. MAActivator >40 had poor correlation with an accuracy of 37.5%. Irrespective of MAActivator value, TPM AA inhibition expressed in percent of inhibition had poor accuracy. When used with proper guidelines for interpretation, specifically when MAActivator ≤ 40 mm, TPM is a suitable and reliable test to use for MCS patients on aspirin.
Risk factors for early implant failure: a retrospective-multicentric study of 2323 implants in screw retained fixed full arch rehabilitation
Authors: Di Lorenzo Matteo , Torsani Andrea , Tonveronachi Paolo , Baruch Samuele , Caldari Christian
Published: July 2023

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate possible risk factors for early implant failure in screw retained fixed full-arch rehabilitation. Methods: data of 487 patients (2323 implants) treated with full-arch rehabilitation supported by same implants brand were collected for the time period from 2017 to 2020 and examined to evaluate early implants failure rates. The following data were collected for statistical analysis: sex, age, health disorders (diabetes and hypertension) and bad habit (smoke) of the patient, location of the implant (maxilla or mandible, anterior or posterior site), type of implant's healing and bone regeneration procedures. Chi-squared test, bivariate comparison analysis and univariate mixed model analysis were used to estimate the effect of both patient-related and implant related variables on early implant failure as a potential risk factors. Results: 487 patients were included, 218 females (62.3 ± 9.14 of age) and 269 males (62.8 ± 10.11 of age) in 30 private institutions for a total of 2323 implants placed and a total of 526 screw retained fixed full arch rehabilitation. A total of 40 out of 2323 (1.7%) implants failed prematurely within 1 year, 32 in the maxilla 8 in the mandible. Bivariate comparison analysis and univariate mixed model analysis showed that female patient, implant placed in maxilla, age <61 years and submerged healed implants showed a statistically significant higher failure rate among the risk factors considered. Conclusions: Implants placed in the upper jaw and their modality of healing seems to be associated with a higher risk of early implant failure.
Deep renovation methodology for 20th-century masterpieces: the case of Palazzo Affari by Carlo Mollino
Authors: Di Renzo Alessandro , Caneparo Luca
Published: July 2023

This paper proposes a methodological approach to energy renovation in valuable buildings, encompassing architectural, historical, and energy analyses. The research tests its application on a case study: a retrofit proposal for Palazzo Affari in Turin, an office building designed by Carlo Mollino for the Chamber of Commerce (1964–1974). The building, still in use, has never been thermally renovated yet. Palazzo Affari gathers structural, technological, and spatial experimentation worth to be preserved. The core of Mollino's design is a versatile plan, clear from any structural encumbrances, which was made possible thanks to an innovative structural technique. Façades are cladded with finely designed concrete prefabricated panels. As a 20th-century masterpiece, it must be recognized as culturally valuable but also shows enormous energy improvement potential, as many buildings of its age. Based on a deep understanding of the building, the paper proposes a combination of traditional and innovative ad hoc solutions for its renovation, mediated by the need for material and iconic preservation. Both the substitution of the façade panels and the insulation from the outside are excluded. The opaque parts of the façade are insulated from the inside using high-performance Vacuum-Insulation-Panels, and cladded by a new counter-facade conceived to be produced in panels through digital fabrication. On the other hand, windows are fully replaced by choosing glass which is both high-performing and respectful of the original chromaticity and transparency. The new window frames with thermal break are specially designed to respect the original external thickness. The design is configured as an add-in intervention, coherent with the pre-existence. Substitutions are carefully weighted and respect the original architectural features. FEM analysis demonstrates the reduction of the thermal flux through the opaque walls by 80% and through the windows by 65%. The solar factor is reduced by 35%, thus improving the summer internal thermal comfort.
Effect of PCC on Thrombin Generation among Patients on Factor Xa Inhibitors with Major Bleeding or Needing Urgent Surgery (GAUGE): Design and Rationale
Authors: Shaw Joseph R. , Unachukwu Ubabuko , Cyr Joseph , Siegal Deborah M. , Castellucci Lana A. , Dreden Patrick Van , Dowlatshahi Dar , Buyukdere Hakan , Ramsay Timothy , Carrier Marc
Published: July 2023

Background Direct factor Xa inhibitors (FXaIs) account for most oral anticoagulant use and FXaI-associated bleeding events are common. Clinicians have variable national and regional access to specific FXaI reversal agents such as andexanet alfa. Many centers have adopted the use of prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) as hemostatic therapy for FXaI-associated major bleeding events. PCC does not impact circulating FXaI levels and its mechanism of action to achieve hemostasis in FXaI-associated bleeding is uncertain. While PCC increases quantitative thrombin generation assay (TGA) parameters, it does not correct FXaI-altered thrombin generation kinetics, nor does it normalize thrombin generation. Clinical data supporting the use of PCC are based on cohort studies reporting clinical hemostatic efficacy, which is difficult to measure. The benefits of PCC for FXaI-associated bleeding beyond supportive care are uncertain.

Objective GAUGE is a prospective observational study designed to measure the effects of four-factor PCC administration (Octaplex) on TGA parameters among patients with FXaI-associated bleeding or needing urgent surgery.

Methods Laboratory outcomes will include the mean paired change in TGA parameters from pre- to post-PCC administration and the proportion of participants whose post-PCC TGA values fall within a defined reference range. Clinical outcomes will include hemostatic efficacy, thromboembolic complications, and all-cause death at 30 days post-PCC.

Conclusion Development of a viable and universally accessible FXaI bleed management strategy is crucial. GAUGE will provide in vivo data on the effects of PCC among patients with FXaI-associated bleeding.
A Teleradiology System for Early Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke Evaluation and Management
Authors: Kalyanpur Arjun , Mathur Neetika
Published: July 2023

Purpose Stroke is a cardinal cause of death and disability globally. It is an emergency condition where the rapidity of diagnosis is directly linked to the outcome. “Imaging is Brain” is, therefore, an important concept. The early diagnosis of stroke is crucial not only in guiding its effective treatment but also in estimating prognosis. This study aims to provide perspective on the implementation of international teleradiology in stroke evaluation, management, and care.

Methods A dedicated international teleradiology stroke network has been evaluated in our study between March 2019 and July 2022 where the interpretation and analysis of the computed tomography (CT) scans of the patients from distant hospitals in United States were performed by teleradiologists via high-quality Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)-image transfer through a cloud-based radiology information system/picture archival and communication system platform RADspa.

Results Over a period of three and a half years, starting from March 2019, a total of 30,406 CT scans of 19,342 patients from 96 hospitals of 15 states in the United States were interpreted and reported by board-certified radiologists empaneled by Teleradiology Solutions. The mean report turnaround time for all noncontrast CT studies was 9.97 minutes at 95% confidence interval (CI: 9.89–10.05); for CT angiogram studies, it was 20.57 minutes 95% CI (20.38–20.77); and for CT perfusion studies, it was 13.72 minutes 95% CI (13.42–14.03).

Conclusion A dedicated international teleradiology stroke network designed in our study allowed for transmission, prioritization, evaluation, and management of CT cases performed in the setting of acute stroke in the study population. The results of our investigation indicate that teleradiology provides an effective solution for early diagnosis/interpretation of CT examinations performed internationally in the setting of acute stroke. This may further be used as a model or template for the development of a nationwide stroke network within our own country.
Bifurcation and fission in the liquid drop model: A phase-field approach
Authors: Xu Zirui , Du Qiang
Published: July 2023

The liquid drop model, originally used to model atomic nuclei, describes the competition between surface tension and Coulomb force. To help understand how a ball loses stability and becomes prone to fission, we calculate the minimum energy path of the fission process and study the bifurcation branch conjectured by Bohr and Wheeler. We then present the two-dimensional analog for comparison. Our study is conducted with the help of numerical simulations via a phase-field approach.
Identification and classification of recyclable waste using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology
Authors: Yang Lei , Xiang Yong , Li Yinchuan , Bao Wenyi , Ji Feng , Dong Jingtao , Chen Jingjing , Xu Mengjie , Lu Rongsheng
Published: July 2023

The management and disposal of waste is a severe social issue and an essential part of ecological sustainability. As an important component of the green, low-carbon, and recycling economic system, the identification and classification of recyclable waste is the premise of its reuse and energy conservation. The main issues at hand are to improve the classification accuracy and reliability of recyclable waste and to achieve automatic classification. The methods based on physical characteristics and image-based methods are inaccurate and unreliable. The current spectroscopy methods need to process the detected samples in advance, unsuitable for automatic detection. Based on material composition properties, the Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) technology is here proposed to accurately and reliably identify and classify recyclable waste into six categories at the level of consumer, such as paper, plastic, glass, metal, textile, and wood. The method is also used to subclassify the same category of waste for reuse at the level of a recycling factory. We subclassified metals into iron, stainless steel, copper, and aluminum and plastics into polyvinylchloride, polyoxymethylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyamide, polyethylene, and polytetrafluoroethylene. The drop-dimension methods of LIBS spectra of waste were researched to eliminate noise and redundant information by principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA), respectively. Their clustering effects were analyzed to choose a suitable dimension. Combining the random forest (RF), back propagation neural network (BPNN), and convolutional neural network (CNN), we established and compared five classification models, PCA + RF, PCA + BPNN, LDA + RF, LDA + BPNN, and 1D-CNN. For the classification of six categories, the accuracies of proposed classification models are all more than 96%, and LDA(5D) + RF has 100% accuracy and optimal classification performance indices. For the subclassification of metals and plastics, PCA(8D) + RF has the highest classification accuracy of 98.77% and 99.52%, respectively.
Numerical investigations on the mechanisms of the tip leakage vortex cavitation development in a cryogenic inducer with large eddy simulation
Authors: Chen Tairan , Mu Zhendong , Chen Jiacheng , Tan Shulin , Fan Yading
Published: July 2023

Liquid hydrogen is considered clean energy and is usually pressurized by cryogenic pumps in various industries. To ensure the safe operation of cryogenic pumps, the inducer is installed in front of the pump to improve the impeller inlet pressure but causes cavitation instabilities. This paper aims to investigate the mechanisms of the tip leakage vortex (TLV) cavitating flow in a cryogenic inducer with liquid nitrogen. The large eddy simulations model was used to analyze the thermodynamic effects on the tip leakage vortex cavitation (TLVC). The cavity structure and the pulsation mechanisms of the TLVC were analyzed through the flow characteristics and the vorticity transportation process. The predicted cavitation performance is in good agreement with the experimental measurements. The numerical results showed that the TLVC is suppressed and forms the separation point between the primary TLVC and the secondary TLVC due to the thermodynamic effects. The inhibition rate of the vapor volume fraction at the leading edge is 30%. The pressure fluctuations are caused by the propagation pattern of the detached cavity interacting with the adjacent blade periodically. The velocity triangles near the detached cavity were proposed to reveal the development of the TLVC. It indicates that TLVC instability is caused by the periodic coupling effect of the cavity development, the flow rate magnitude, and the local incidence angle variation. The vorticity transport equation is utilized to investigate the interaction of cavitation and vortex. Comparing the three terms reveals that the stretching and bending term dominates in the vorticity production of the TLV cavitating flow. The dilatation term controls the transportation of vorticity inside the TLV cavity, while the contribution of the baroclinic torque term is negligible in comparison to the other terms. This study provides a reference for optimizing the TLV cavitating flow and instabilities for designing the cryogenic pump.