bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Evolution of the Concept of "Silence" in the Russian Spiritualand Political Tradition of the XI — Early XIII Century
Authors: Перевезенцев С.В. , Страхов А.Б. , Боронин А.Р.
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена одной из базовых категорий русской духовно-политической мысли – “тишина”. “Тишина” определялась как некоторое духовное состояние, так и социально-политический идеал, которым должны руководствоваться правители в своей деятельности. Однако на протяжении долгого времени значения этого понятия изменялись, в зависимости от контекста на первый план выходили отдельные его смысловые аспекты. В связи с этим важно проследить смысловое содержание понятия “тишина”, зарождение этого понятия в русской мысли и его развитие на раннем этапе. Для этого был проведен контент-анализ сохранившихся русских текстов домонгольского периода, выделена специфика словоупотребления, предложена авторская схема содержания и развития понятия. Выяснено, что на данном этапе тишина означала состояние мира, невмешательства извне во внутренние дела Руси, время созидательного труда и мирного бытия под защитой Бога, что приобрело особую важность после установления ордынского ига.

The article is devotedto one of the basic categories of Russian spiritualand political thought - silence. Silence defined both a certain spiritual state anda socio-political ideal that rulers should be guidedby in their activities. However, over time, the meanings of this concept have changed, depending on the context, someof its semantic aspectshave come to the fore. Inthis regard, it is importantto trace the semantic contentof silence, the origin of this concept in Russian thought and its development at an early stage. For thispurpose, a content analysis of the preserved Russian texts of the pre-Mongol period was carriedout, the specifics of word usage were highlighted, and the author's scheme of the content and development of the concept was proposed.It was found out that at this stage silence meant a stateof peace, non-interference from outside inthe internal affairs of Russia,a time of creative work and peaceful existence under the protectionof God, which became especially important afterthe establishment of the Horde yoke.
The Perception of Russia and Russians by the French in the Pre-Peter the Great Era: a Discourse Analysis
Authors: Болдин В.А.
Published: September 2024

Русско-французские культурные связи на протяжении истории носили неоднородный характер, от почти полного их отсутствия в раннее Новое время, до откровенной галломании в XIX в., от военных столкновений в эпоху Наполеоновских войн и Крымской войны, до «сердечного согласия» в годы Первой и Второй мировой войны. Одной из самых интересных для кросс-культурных исследований становится эпоха накануне петровских реформ. Именно в XVII–XVIII вв. происходит не только «переоткрытие» России, но и вслед за усилением ее роли в европейской политике, формируется политический миф о «варварской» стране, представляющей угрозу всей Европе. Важным для деконструкции генезиса взаимного восприятия двух стран становится дискурсивный анализ текстов, появившихся в этот период. К числу таковых можно отнести «Парижский словарь Московитов» Ж. Соважа (1586), «Состояние Российской державы и Великого княжества Московского» Ж. Маржерета (1607), «Записки о Московии» Ф. Де ла Невилля (1698). На основе анализа данных источников удается показать общую панораму дискурса о России и русских, закрепившегося в языке французского общества той поры. Появившиеся еще в XVI–XVII вв. стереотипы взаимного восприятия продолжают оказывать влияние на внешнеполитические отношения двух стран. При этом, на протяжении истории взаимное влияние двух культур друг на друга было так велико, что правильное понимание самих себя без осознания «Другого» стало попросту невозможно.

Throughout history, Russian-French cultural relations have been varied, ranging from a near-absence during the early modern period to outright Gallomania in the 19th c. These relations have included both military conflicts, such as during the Napoleonic Wars and the Crimean War, and the Entente alliance during the First and the Second World Wars. One of the most interesting periods for cross-cultural studies is the time leading up to Peter the Great's reforms, when Russia's role in European affairs increased. During this period, Russia was "rediscovered" by the West, and a political myth of a "barbaric" Russia was created. Therefore, it is essential to analyze texts from this period in order to understand how mutual perceptions between Russia and France evolved. Among these texts are "Dictionnaire Muscovite" by J. Sauvage (1586), "The Russian Empire and Grand Duchy of Muscovy" by J. Margeret (1607) and "A Curious and New Account of Muscovy in the Year 1698" by F. de La Neuville (1698). Analysis of these sources can give a general overview of the discourse about Russia and Russians in French society during that time. In many ways, the stereotypes that emerged during the 16thand 17th cc. continue to influence foreign policy relations between our countries. At the same time, the interaction between Russian and French cultures has been an important part of their common history. So, it is impossible to fully understand one's own identity without considering the influence of "significant Others".
“Because of Russia, We Often Do Not See Russia...": Russia and Russian National Consciousness in S.N. Durylin’s Religious and Philosophical Works
Authors: Сорокопудова О.Е. , Тальская О.Д.
Published: September 2024

В статье реконструируются представления писателя, философа, богослова, искусствоведа С.Н. Дурылина (1886–1954) о России и специфике русского национального сознания. На основании его художественных, публицистических и религиозно-философских работ делается вывод о том, что для Дурылина характерно глубоко православное мировосприятие – символичное, образное, интуитивное, не отрицающее роль разума в познании, но утверждающее его принципиального ограниченные возможности в постижении мира. Специфическими чертами русского национального сознания, которые, по его мнению, определяют отношение русского человека к государству, истории и смыслу бытия России являются апокалиптичность, пасхальность, особое внимание к отдельному человеку, важность индивидуального при осознании неразрывности соборной связи с целым, восприятие всего в мире как живого, в том числе – народа, Церкви, России, первостепенное значение внутреннего над внешним, постоянная устремленность к горнему идеалу, смирение и мудрость в принятии несовершенного земного мира, «тишина» – как идеал христианского общежития. Можно сказать, что Дурылину свойственен консервативный взгляд на мир в том смысле, что на первый план выходит важность истории, традиции, культуры, веры, сохранения своего особенного, а значит истинного в жизни общества и государства.

The article attempts to reconstruct the social and political ideas of Sergei Durylin, a Russian writer, philosopher and art historian (1886-1954), and explores his views on the essence of Russia and the Russian national consciousness. On the basis on Durylin's artistic, journalistic, and religious-philosophical writings the authors conclude that his worldview is deeply rooted in Orthodoxy and can be described as symbolic, figurative, intuitive one and based on a belief in the limited role of reason in understanding the world. According to Durylin, Russian national consciousness is determined by apocalypticism, paschalism, a special attention to the individual, and importance of the individual in realizing the indivisible connection with the whole. It also includes a perception of everything in the world as alive, including people, the Church, and Russia itself. The article highlights the primary importance of the internal over the external in the ideas of Durylin, its constant aspiration to the high ideal, humility and wisdom in accepting the imperfect earthly world, and ‘silence’ as the ideal of Christian community life. Durylin's worldview is a conservative one that emphasizes history, tradition, religion, preserving a unique (and therefore the true) identity within society and the state.
Nikolay Karamzin's Predecessor Pierre-Charles Levesque as a Historian of Russia
Authors: Кучумов И.В. , Сахибгареева Л.Ф.
Published: September 2024

Опубликованная в конце XVIII в. «История Российская» французского ученого Пьера-Шарля Левека (1736–1812) была первым обобщающим трудом по истории нашей страны не только в русской, но и в мировой историографии. Она непосредственно предшествовала знаменитой «Истории государства Российского» Николая Карамзина, но сегодня почти забыта. Однако сочинение Левека было основным источником знаний образованных россиян об истории России до появления труда Карамзина. В статье рассматриваются использованные Левеком источники, его вклад в изучение российского прошлого. Показано влияние этой книги на образованное русское общество. Левек не считал Россию идеальной страной, но и не был настроен к ней враждебно. Его книга является редким примером объективности историка.

The Histoire de Russieby French scholar Pierre-Charles Levesque (1736–1812), published by the end of the 18th century, was the first work summarizing the history of our country not only in Russian, but also in the world historiography. It immediately preceded the famous History of the Russian State (1816–26) by Nikolay Karamzin, but almost forgotten today. However, Levesque's paper was the main source of knowledge of educated Russians on the Russian history before Karamzin's paper was published. The sources used by Levesque, his contribution to the study of the Russia's past are discussed in the article. In his writing, Levesque did not consider Russia an ideal country, but he was not hostile to it either. His book is a rare example of a historian's impartiality.
Atividade Antimicrobiana de Extratos Metabólitos de Macrofungos da Mata Atlântica do Extremo Sul da Bahia
Authors: Moreira Ana Paula Santana , Fortuna Jorge Luiz
Published: September 2024

Fungos são organismos que apresentam uma ampla diversidade e são valorizados por suas propriedades nutricionais, bem como por suas capacidades antimicrobianas e pela produção de uma variedade de compostos secundários. Esses compostos têm despertado grande interesse na área de pesquisa, especialmente no desenvolvimento de medicamentos. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a atividade antimicrobiana de extratos metabólicos de macrofungos contra os microrganismos patogênicos: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Candida albicans. Extratos metabólitos foram retirados de dez diferentes macrofungos frescos coletados na Trilha do Tucun e no Campus X da Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), em Teixeira de Freitas. Macrofungos utilizados foram: Chlorophyllum molybdites; Trechispora thelephora; Phylloporia pectinata; Agaricus sp.; Earliella scrabrosa, Hygrophorus fuligineus; Collybia sordida; Oudemansiella canarii; Polyporus sp. e Stereum ostrea. Para cada espécie de fungo, foram preparados fragmentos pequenos que foram colocados em frascos de erlenmeyer juntamente com solventes adequados, acetato de etila e álcool etílico, separadamente. Proporção utilizada foi de 5,0 g de fungo para 50,0 ml de solvente. Extrato final obtido foi diluído em Dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) em quatro concentrações (100%, 50%, 25% e 12,5%). Para avaliar atividade antimicrobiana, foi utilizada a técnica de disco em difusão no Ágar Mueller-Hinton. Atividade antimicrobiana foi avaliada observando-se a formação de halos de inibição ao redor dos discos. Metabólitos extraídos pelo acetato de etila apresentaram uma maior atividade de inibição contra microrganismos patogênicos testados. Em análise a relação da atividade antimicrobiana dos extratos, houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) apenas entre macrofungos e solventes utilizados, porém não houve diferença significativa entre macrofungos e microrganismos testados ou entre microrganismos e solventes.
Numerical simulation of the water flow field on subway stairs and evaluation of people safety evacuation
Authors: Wang Mingjie , Chen Guixiang , Liu Weifeng , Cui Chenxing
Published: September 2024

Stairs in subway stations are vulnerable to floods when rainstorm disasters occur in cities. The stairs, as a critical way for human evacuation, can affect the safe evacuation of people on flood-prone stairs. To evaluate the risk of people evacuating through different slopes and forms of stairs when floods invade subway stations, a numerical model for the water flow on stairs based on the volume of fluid model and the realizable k-ε model was established. The water flow patterns on stairs at the subway station entrance under different slope conditions and with/without rest platforms were simulated. The real-time water flow process on stairs at different inlet depths was obtained, and the escape control index F was used to evaluate the risk of people evacuating through stairs at different slopes and water depths. The results indicate that the presence of a rest platform can cause an increase in water velocity and depth on pedestrian stairs, and people should choose stairs without a rest platform for evacuation during the evacuation process. The research results hope to provide a reference for the people evacuation on stairs, and further improve the theory of safe evacuation of personnel on flood-prone stairs.
Investigation of tetracycline degradation by activating persulfate with lotus leaf biochar: source of active substance and toxicity evaluation
Authors: Xu Jinmei , Song Jiabao , Guo Hongli , Wang Liping
Published: September 2024

This study withered lotus leaves as a precursor to prepare lotus leaf biochar (LLBC) as an activator for persulfates (PDS), targeting the oxidation and degradation of tetracycline (TC). Under neutral conditions, LLBC (LLBC = 20 mg, PDS = 4 mM, TC = 10 mg/L) exhibited the best catalytic degradation effect within 180 min, achieving 86.58% degradation. The LLBC/PDS system was tested in various water matrices, all achieving over 70% TC removal. In continuous flow column experiments, the TC removal efficiency was 61.56%. The results indicate that the LLBC/PDS system can efficiently degrade TC in real water bodies and has potential for use in continuous flow engineering. Additionally, an in-depth analysis was conducted on the active sites and reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in the degradation of TC by the LLBC/PDS system. By analyzing the changes in the functional groups (C = O, C–O, and C = C) using XRD, FT-IR, and XPS before and after the reaction, it was determined that the primary active sites for generating ROS from activated PDS in LLBC were the C = O and C = C groups. Quenching experiments, electrochemical tests, and ESR confirmed that the ROS responsible for degrading TC in the LLBC/PDS system included both radical and non-radical pathways, with 1O2 playing the dominant role.
EFEK METODE FABRIKASI TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK PADA MATERIAL KOMPOSIT SANDWICH 3C3 KARBON UD 12 K 0°/DIVINYCELL CORE
Authors: Muzayadah Nurul Lailatul Muzayadah , Hardiyant Indah Fitri , Nugroho Afid Nugroho , Aritonang Rian Suari Aritonang , Nurtiasto Taufiq Satrio Nurtiasto
Published: September 2024

Sandwich composites are engineering materials that can be optimized and replaced with metals, mainly applied in aircraft fields because of their high strength-to-weight ratio. The quality of the composite sandwich structure depends on which fabrication method is applied. The methods used in this study are vacuum bagging, VARI, and VARI + post-curing. In vacuum bagging methods, fiber and resin are laminated manually and then covered with plastic bagging. The plastic is connected to a vacuum pump using a hose to suck the air out. Then, the VARI (Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion) method utilizes vacuum pressure from a vacuum pump to flow resin to the laminated area of the fibers. Therefore, this study applies various methods to determine possible differences in product yields in terms of complex parts, thickness, and mechanical properties of 3C3 Carbon Sandwich Composite UD12K 0°/DVC. The results of the research concluded that the optimal method to produce high mechanical properties is obtained from the VARI method, as seen from the results of the three-point. The bending test is 26.07 MPa, better than the vacuum bagging test, which is only 17.53 MPa. The post-curing also increased mechanical properties for the flatwise test at 4082.1 MPa, 3204.2 N for the edgewise test, and 38.05 N for the three-point bending test. The VARI method is also supported by showing the surface morphology structure from the three-point. The bending flexural test shows a tight and dense structure so that the bond between the matrix and the fiber is perfectly bonded.
DESIGN AND TEST THE PERFORMANCE OF THE WATER HEATER BY UTILIZING THE EXHAUST HEAT OF THE LABORATORY SCALE AIR CONDITIONER
Authors: Gunarto Gunarto , Eko Julianto  , Muhammad Iwan
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this research is to design and test the performance of a water heater unit that works based on the exhaust heat of the ½ PK Split Air Conditioner condenser which will be used as a power source to heat water with a capacity of 60 litres based on standard hot water temperature. for bathing at 40-45 oC according to the type of use SNI 03-7605-2005 concerning procedures for planning plumbing systems. It is hoped that this research can serve as a guideline for designing a water heater derived from an exhaust heat condenser using a Helical-Coil type heat exchanger. This research uses descriptive research with a quantitative approach. Descriptive research in this study is intended to obtain an overview and information regarding the utilization of an exhaust heat condenser with the addition of a water helical coil heat exchanger and the working process of an air conditioner water heater that utilizes condenser waste heat to produce hot water that can be used for bathing needs. From the test results, the water heater can work well as evidenced by an increase in water temperature reaching 44.40 C in 70 minutes. The energy value in the form of heat that can be utilized by adding a water heater is 1.14785 kJ/second, with a water heater efficiency of 76.23%. Thus the utilization of the air conditioner condenser wastes heat energy and is quite effective for heating water. To be able to save water use for household, business, industrial and other needs that use Air conditioners as air conditioning.
OPTIMIZATION OF INJECTION MOLDING PARAMETERS TO MINIMIZE SHRINKAGE AND MAXIMIZE TENSILE STRENGTH IN THE RECYCLING PROCESS OF DISPOSABLE FACE MASKS
Authors: Widyasmoro Irvan Bayu , Widiastuti Indah , Estriyanto Yuyun , Budiyanto Khansa Qonitatillah
Published: September 2024

Recycling used face masks into useful products is an alternative way to reduce the accumulation of medical waste during the COVID-19 period. The main objective of this study was to determine the effect of injection molding parameters of barrel temperature, molding temperature, and cooling time on tensile strength and plastic shrinkage during the recycling process of used disposable face masks. The study utilized a Design of Experiment (DoE) using the Taguchi Orthogonal L9 method. In this current study, the barrel temperatures were set at 170oC, 190oC, and 220oC. with the molding temperatures used are 45°C, 60°C, and 75°C, while the values of cooling time were 26s, 43s, and 52s. The tensile test was carried out according to the ASTM D638 type V standard for measuring the strength of materials. The findings demonstrate that the most important factor in achieving the highest tensile strength is the molding temperature, which contributes 34.54% and is best combined with a barrel temperature of 170°C, a molding temperature of 60°C, and a cooling period of 52s. By contributing 54.40% to the parameter combination of barrel temperature of 170°C, molding temperature of 45°C, and cooling time of 52s, the molding temperature becomes the most crucial factor to produce the least amount of shrinkage
PERANCANGAN SISTEM KONSTRUKSI MEKANIK 3D PRINTER GEOPOLYMER TYPE CARTESIAN
Authors: Setiawan Heri , Nopriyanti Rani , Adi Soetopo Antonius , Rusmana Nandang , Gunawan Iwan , Pandoe  , Budi Harja Herman , Rahmat Hadi Faisal
Published: September 2024

The population growth in Indonesia continues to increase every year, which causes a higher level of demand for civil buildings and houses. 3D concrete printing is an innovative construction method that has recently begun to be applied to the construction industry and has proven to be profitable in terms of optimizing construction time, cost, design flexibility and error reduction as well as being environmentally friendly. The geopolymer 3D printer is a 3D concrete printing machine specifically for extruding geopolymer mortar materials. This study aims to design a mechanical construction system for a 3D printer geopolymer machine. Geopolymer mortar has a unique strength compared to cement mortar and dries faster so it has better molding properties. The design of the cartesian type geopolymer 3D printer machine uses the VDI 2222 design method which consists of planning, conceptualizing, designing, and finishing. Based on this design method, a printing area of 5m x 5m x 3m is designed with a maximum printing speed of 100 mm/s. The results of this design meet the demands and are stated to be technically good in static calculations.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN RADIUS PADA KECEPATAN DAN FREKUENSI SLUG DI DAERAH DOWNSTREAM T-JUNCTION MINICHANNEL
Authors: Hananto Leila Hanjani , Indarto  , Untung Surya Dharma  , Deendarlianto
Published: September 2024

Multiphase flow channel is commonly applied in various industrial contexts, including lab-on-a-chip, nuclear power plants, microelectronics cooling systems, and chemical microreactors. Equipment ranging from mini to micro sizes plays a vital role in enhancing heat and mass transfer processes during the mixing of two or more phases. Non-uniform phase distribution during the passage of a two-phase flow through a T-junction can cause performance issues in the downstream region. A problem arising from the use of T-junctions is the occurrence of slugs. An experimental study was conducted to investigate the effect of varying bend radius on the flow characteristics in the downstream region of a T-junction minichannel, such as slug velocity and frequency. The slug velocity was researched in the downstream region of the horizontal minichannel T-junction. The working fluid used was air as the gas phase and water. The findings indicate that there is a linear relationship between the superficial velocities of air and water and the corresponding slug velocity in the downstream area of the horizontal minichannel T-junction, as observed through the utilization of a high-speed camera and MATLAB program for image processing. It has been observed that the local velocity within the channel increases as the corner radii increase towards the downstream region.
KAJIAN EKSPERIMENTAL PENGARUH PARAMETER OPERASI TERHADAP PEMECAHAN GELEMBUNG DAN KINERJA PEMBANGKIT GELEMBUNG MIKRO TIPE SWIRL
Authors: Mawarni Drajat Indah , Budhijanto Wiratni Budhijanto , Deendarlianto Deendarlianto , Ristiyanto Hartono Guntur Ristiyanto , Marahendra Wawan Dedi Marahendra , Indarto Indarto
Published: September 2024

In this study, we present the bubble breaking mechanism of the rotating flow in the swirl type microbubble generator (MBG) on the resulting performance in this case the oxygen dissolution rate. This type of MBG is an aeration technology and has been developed in recent years by utilizing the turbulence of liquid fluid flow to produce micron-sized bubbles. The pressure difference created by changing the cross-sectional diameter causes air to be sucked in automatically in the mixing channel and forms a bubble channel before finally bursting to form micron-sized bubbles at the MBG outlet. The experiment was carried out in a transparent container measuring 2.8 m x 0.6 m x 0.6 m which was filled with water as high as 0.4 m. This study is focused on studying the mechanism of bubble breakdown at the MBG outlet on the dissolution rate of oxygen (dissolved oxygen/DO) which is influenced by the volumetric flow rate of liquid (Q_L) and volumetric flow rate of air (Q_G). Various combinations of Q_L and Q_G values were systematically compared with the resulting oxygen mass transfer coefficient (KLa) values. Dissolved oxygen (DO) values were measured at a distance of 60 cm from the MBG outlet. The final results of the study revealed that the higher the Q_Lvalue, the more frequent the intensity of bubble bursting, the greater the number of bubbles produced with the smaller diameter and the higher the DO value, and vice versa. Whereas the higher the Q_Gvalue, the intensity of the bubble breakdown that occurs is relatively the same, the number of bubbles produced is less and the diameter is larger and the DO value is lower, and vice versa.
PENGARUH VARIASI TEMPERATUR FURNANCE BRAZING TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK DALAM PEMBUATAN GRINDING ROLL MATERIAL FCD 500 DAN NI-HARD1
Authors: Siswanto Ari , Hanaldi Kus , Purwadi Wiwik , Nadi M. Rizki Gorbyandi
Published: September 2024

This research was conducted on nodular cast iron FCD 500 and white cast iron Ni-Hard1 in the manufacturing of grinding rolls. These rolls were joined together using the furnace brazing method, with CuZn 35 filler metal placed between the two parent metals. The pressure applied in this experiment was 26,000 N using a pressure aid. The assembled parts of the grinding rolls were heated in a muffle furnace with temperature variations of 900, 950, and 1000 °C, with a holding time of 120 minutes. The results of the furnace brazing process revealed that the grinding roll sample achieved the highest shear strength at a temperature of 900 °C, with a shear strength of 6.52 MPa. The observed low shear strength is due to the penetration bonding between the metals. This was confirmed by the line analysis test, which indicated no diffusion process occurring between the metals. As the holding temperature of the brazing furnace increased, the shear strength decreased, primarily due to the melting of the CuZn 35 metal at temperatures above 900 °C, resulting in micro porosity. During the furnace brazing process, changes were observed in the microstructure of the FCD 500 parent metal. There was an increase in the amount of pearlite fraction, which in turn increased the hardness value. Additionally, the microstructure of Ni-Hard1 changed from austenite to martensite, leading to an increase in the hardness value.
Compassion Focused Therapy for an Older Adult with Complex Emotional Needs: A Case Study and Considerations for Practice
Authors: Stock Melissa , Craig Catriona
Published: September 2024

‘Personality disorders’ (referred to as complex emotional needs in this report) are common in older adults. Yet they are often under-recognised which impacts access to appropriate care pathways. Once in services, older adults lack the same access to specialist mental health care as adults, and the evidence base in older adults with complex emotional needs is sparse. Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) is an approach that has shown promise for those with complex emotional needs. This case report presents a 12-session CFT intervention, delivered to an older adult female with complex emotional needs, in an NHS mental health setting. Post-intervention, small improvements in self-compassion were found. However, there were no reliable changes in anxiety or mood, and functioning declined. CFT has the potential to be an effective intervention for treating complex emotional needs in older adults, but further research is needed to build on the preliminary findings observed in this report.
Racial Discrimination Against the Black Community in Richard Wright's Black Boy
Authors: Al-Nuaimi Mustafa Mohammed Rashid
Published: September 2024

In Richard Wright's autobiographical novel, "Black Boy," the author portrays the racial discrimination the black community faces. This paper examines the systemic racism and prejudice encountered by African Americans during the early 20th century. Through the use of direct quotes, indirect quotes, and critical analysis, this paper delves into the different forms of discrimination and their effects on the protagonist, Richard Wright. The main argument of this paper is that "Black Boy" stands as a powerful testament to the ongoing battle against racial discrimination in the United States.
The Influence of Technology on Contemporary English Drama
Authors: Al-Nuaimi Mustafa Mohammed Rashid
Published: September 2024

The technological revolution of the 21st century has had a profound impact on contemporary English drama, particularly in regard to the distinction between the physical and the virtual. This study aims to discuss the multifaceted influence of technology on English drama, including multimedia integration as an adjunct to performance art and transforming methods of storytelling and audience interaction. Using "The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time" as a case study to investigate how technology has redefined the traditional limits of theater, it appears that while technological innovation provides avenues for innovation and accessibility, it also raises questions of authenticity and class regarding affordability. Ultimately, this study offers a comprehensive perspective on the synergistic relationship between contemporary English drama and technology, advocating for its moderation and balance against its growing sterility.
A hydrogeophysical conceptual model in the exploration of the "Las Sierras" aquifer: Case of Subwatershed III, southeast sector of Lake Managua, Nicaragua
Authors: Castro Hidalgo Darling Fabiola , Chow-Martínez Marcel , Calderón Palma Heyddy
Published: September 2024

This study proposes a hydrogeophysical conceptual model in a region southeast of Sub-basin III, which is part of the "Las Sierras" aquifer. The methodology employed combines geological data obtained from wells with geo-electric profiles, thus allowing a more precise representation of an underground valley  hitherto unknown, primarily related to the materials of the Middle Las Sierras Group (TQps-M), identified as the main aquifer in the area. The delineation of hydrogeological units was carried out considering geological and geophysical conditions, providing valuable information to understand the distribution and behavior of groundwater in the region. The precise identification and delineation of hydrogeological units enable better management of groundwater resources in the region. This more detailed knowledge enables more effective strategies for the preservation and sustainability of local aquifers.
Holocene landscape transformation of lake basins of Central Mexico based on volcanic soil development: a first exploratory study from micromorphology to magnetic mineralogy
Authors: Valera Fernández Daisy , Ortega Guerrero Beatriz , Solleiro Rebolledo Elizabeth , Caballero Miranda Cecilia Irene
Published: September 2024

Iron oxides can be produced in soils due to chemical weathering/pedogenesis and are related to climatic conditions and also anthropogenic alterations. In this research, four soil profiles (TAC1, TAC2, TAC3 and LV1) were analyzed in areas with different climatic conditions in two lake basins of volcanic environments: the Alberca de Tacámbaro (TAC) in the state of Michoacán, with a warm-subhumid climate and Lago Verde (LV) in the state of Veracruz with a warm-humid climate. The objective of this study was to generate preliminary information on the transformation of the landscape in the two lake basins, taking into account the site-specific pedogenic processes on a centennial-millennial time scale and the possible impact of recent anthropogenic activities on the soils of these lakes’ basins. Differences in the degree of pedogenesis in soils were analyzed from magnetic mineralogy studies that were complemented and compared with studies of micromorphology, bulk rock mineralogy, clay identification, color, and texture of soil horizons. 14C dating was also obtained in organic matter from several of the horizons to, together with the micromorphological features, interpret the possible landscape changes in these basins due to anthropic impact. It was identified that in the TAC and LV soils, the pedogenetic processes were not sufficient to erase the magnetic signal of the volcanic minerals. The magnetic mineralogy in the profile is dominated by low coercivity ferrimagnetic minerals; magnetite and titanomagnetite in the case of the TAC profiles and also maghemite in the case of the LV1 profile. The characteristics of the LV1 profile, such as the presence of a Bt-type horizon, clay illuviation, and the presence of Fe oxides, suggest a more advanced pedogenic development than in the TAC profiles. In both the TAC and LV profiles, the reworking of the edaphic material and several cycles of soil formation related to the possible anthropic impact were observed. In profiles TAC1 and TAC2, the above was evidenced by the presence of charcoal fragments and the ages of the BC horizons of 1955 cal AD, while in profile TAC3, three cycles of sedimentation and soil formation were observed. In profile LV1, at a depth of 90 cm, an age of 2007 cal AD was obtained for the 2Cb1 horizon, and the reworking of the edaphic material was observable by the presence of clay soil fragments and fresh minerals in the modern soil (Ah -AB-Bt). All the data obtained will help to establish soil-sediment relationships for paleoclimatic studies on lake sediments from the central region of Mexico.
Forgotten Landscapes on Lava Flows in France and Western Mexico
Authors: Dorison Antoine , Michelin Yves
Published: September 2024

Monogenetic volcanism has generated blocky lava flows in many parts of the world. These rugged envi- ronments are generally considered unsuited for human settlement, and today are used almost exclusively for quarrying or timber harvesting where vegetation has developed. Furthermore, the difficulty of access limits effective exploration by scientists. Nevertheless, several archaeological sites have been discovered on some of these flows, notably in Mexico. The recent development of remote sensing by airborne laser scanning (LiDAR) offers exceptional prospects for the study of these geological formations and their exploitation by humans. In this paper we compare two contemporary archaeological areas on Quaternary monogenetic blocky lava flows: the Zacapu area in western-central Mexico, and the Chaîne des Puys in Central France. Both areas have benefited from LiDAR coverage. Originally developed in the Mexican context, a remote sensing methodology based on digital elevation model processing and visualization was used to identify geoforms and anthropogenic features in both areas. Although separated by several thousands of kilometers, we show that the methodology is as relevant in France as it is in Mexico. Furthermore, we identified the recurrence of morphologies and associated types of archaeological site locations and patterns. We argue that this type of lava flow, though marginalized today, was attractive to human groups in ancient times as a strategic, but also a resourceful geoecological setting.
A study to assess drug related problems in patients with Cardiovascular Diseases in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: L Sai Hamsini , Priyanka G , Chandralekha D , Naveen Reddy M V , Dev Apoorva
Published: September 2024

Back ground: Drug related problems are common in hospitalized patients and may lead to increase hospital stay, health care cost and augment the risk of morbidity and mortality.
Objective: The aim of the study is to examine the nature and frequency of drug related problems, to minimize drug related problems and to improve therapeutic outcome by pharmaceutical care provided by clinical pharmacist.
Methodology: A prospective study was conducted in the cardiology department of a tertiary care hospital over a period of six months. Necessary demographic and clinical data was collected from the case records including drug history, other relevant details of the admitted patients and reviewed by the clinical pharmacist for drug related problems.
Results: A total of 280 patient case sheets were reviewed during the study period, out of which 244 drug related problems were identified. The most common drug related problem was found to be drug interactions (58.6%) followed by untreated indication (19.26%) and drug use without indication (15.57%). The most frequent suggestions provided by the intervening pharmacist were drug discontinuation (5.32%), addition of a new drug (5.32%) and change of dosage form (4.5%).
Conclusion: Drug related problems are common among medical ward patients. Routine participation of clinical pharmacist in clinical medical rounds facilitates the identification of drug related problems and the current study highlights the importance of pharmacist in a multidisciplinary team of reviewing drug therapy for identification and resolution of DRPs which helps in achieving better therapeutic outcomes and improved patient care.
Keywords: cardiovascular diseases, clinical pharmacist, dyslipidemia, drug related problem.
Pharmacological activities of aqueous flower extract of Ixora coccinea L.
Authors: Sivaraj Chandrasekaran , Jenifer Adaikkalasamy , Saraswathi Krishna , Arumugam Perumal
Published: September 2024

Nature has blessed the universe with plenty of medicinal plants, so often referred as the Medicinal Garden of the world. In Indian Vedas, the medicinal plants including every part of the plant from roots to flowers were used for curing several diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to enrich the dietary system with antioxidant molecules to protect the human system against various diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antidiabetic activities of aqueous flowers extract of Ixora coccinea belongs to the family Rubiaceae. Antioxidant activities such as DPPH· radical, superoxide (O2.-) radical scavenging activities, phosphomolybdenum reduction and Fe3+ reducing power activities were carried out. The IC50 of DPPH· radical and superoxide (O2.-) radical were 13.58 and 23.51 µg/mL concentrations. The RC50 of phosphomolybednum reduction and Fe3+ reduction were 20.57 and 14.57 µg/mL concentrations. The IC50 of haemolytic inhibition was 99.72 µg/mL concentration. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were 369.1 µg/mg Gallic acid equivalents and 55.14 µg/mg Quercetin equivalents. The IC50 of alpha amylase enzyme inhibition was 655.02 µg/mL concentration. The antibacterial activity showed maximum zone of inhibition of 15mm for B. subtilis at 500 µg/mL concentration.
Keywords: Antioxidant, DPPH· radical, Superoxide (O2.-) radical, alpha-amylase, haemolysis.
Estimation of total Phenol and flavonoid contents of Citrus limon L Burmf leaves from North Eastern region of India.
Authors: Upadhyaya S. , Khatiwora E. , Bora D.K.
Published: September 2024

Citrus plants belonging to the family Rutaceae, are traditionally used by the local people India to treat scurvy, rheumatism, stomachic, diarrhea, liver disorders and used as an antioxidant. They are valuable source of phenolic and other biologically active compounds.  Phenolic compounds have been reported to have multiple biological effects. In this paper quantitative determination of phenols and flavonoids of Citrus limon L Burmf leaves extracts was carried out using spectrophotometric methods. The plant material was collected from Assam, north eastern region of India. Total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method and aluminium chloride method was used for flavonoid determination. Acetone and methanol extracts of leaves showed quite high amount of phenol as well as flavinoid contents compared to ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts.  However, all the extracts exhibited significant results.
Keywords: Citrus limon, Phenol, Flavonoid, Catechol and Quercetin.
Students based tuberculosis prevalence survey in IFTM University Moradabad
Authors: Singh Pawan , Verma Navneet , Kumar Pravesh , Shrivastav Alankar , Khan Najam Ali
Published: September 2024

Objective: Tuberculosis is a major problem in present timing. So, this survey based on the how much knowledge having by the students. In this present study belongs the national/ international journals of repute database, documents of Indian researcher’s publication data on tuberculosis research were used for the study. This survey given knowledge about the awareness of tuberculosis in present society.
Methods: It was a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study where we have interviewed total 156 students respectively. The study involved Pharmacy and Non-pharmacy students from a teaching institution located in the Moradabad city. The name of the institution is IFTM University Moradabad PS and NPS showed that the knowledge about the TB.  The data collected was analyses using graph paid prism 7& Chi square test.
Results: With respect to knowledge, higher knowledge were observed among PS about TB. The results indicate the need for healthcare institutions to invest in this topic, aiming to improve students and knowledge about TB.
Conclusion: The results indicate the need for healthcare institutions to invest in this topic, aiming to improve students and knowledge about TB, in view of the important role in the establishment of strategies to prevent and control the disease.    
Keywords: Tuberculosis, Questionnaire, Pharmacy students, Non-pharmacy students
Prophylactic Effect of Butea monosperma against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Bajaj Jitendra , Jain Sourabh , Sharma Swapnil
Published: September 2024

Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutic agent for solid tumors; however its use is limited by nephrotoxicity. The current study investigated the effect of Butea monosperma in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats. Kidneys have a vital role in the normal physiology of humans. Worldwide chronic kidney disease has become a major cause for disability and in worst circumstances leads to death. Major renal disorders occur due to diabetes and its complications termed as diabetic nephropathy (DN). The animals were divided into four groups of six rats each (n=6). The control group (Group 1) received 1%CMC, Group 2 received only cisplatin, a 7 days of extract of Butea monosperma (200 mg/kg bwt) pre-treatment was applied to the animals in Group 3 before administration of cisplatin; a 7 days of extract of Butea monosperma was performed following administration of cisplatin for the animals in Group 4. Cisplatin (6 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected as a single dose and extract of Butea monosperma (200 and 400 mg/kg bwt) was administered by gavage in 1%CMC. Biochemical and histopathological methods were utilized for evaluation of the nephrotoxicity. The concentrations of creatinine, uric acid and blood urine nitrogen, in plasma and levels of malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione as well as glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities were determined in kidney tissue. Administration of cisplatin to rats induced a marked renal failure, characterized with a significant increase in plasma creatinine and uric acid and Blood urea nitrogen. levels of rats received cisplatin alone were significantly different compared to control group but they had higher kidney malondialdehyde, and lower reduce glutathione concentrations, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Extract of B. monosperma administration produced amelioration in biochemical indices of nephrotoxicity in both serum and kidney tissues when compared to toxic inducer group; pre-treatment with extract of Butea monosperma being more effective. Results from this study indicated that the novel natural antioxidant extract of B. monosperma might have protective effect against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress in rat.
Formulation of Carbopol Capsules for Sustained Release of Losartan Potassium
Authors: Wani Taha Umair , Khan Nisar Ahmad
Published: September 2024

Sustained release formulations have been extensively studied for their benefits in improving various physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of large number of drugs. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate sustained release capsules of losartan potassium in order to provide drug release over a long period of time. This allows the drug much time for absorption in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and hence may increase the bioavailability of the drug. Carbopol 971 P was used as rate controlling polymer for the preparation of capsules. The capsules were evaluated for matrix integrity and drug release using USP type II dissolution apparatus. The sustained release capsules showed excellent matrix integrity and released more than 90% of the drug over a period of 12 hours. The kinetic studies showed that the drug release from the carbopol matrices followed Korsmeyer Peppas release kinetics and hence the mechanism of drug release was a combination of more than one processes i.e. diffusion and erossion. Hydration volume as well as matrix integrity were affected by the change in the amount of the polymer in the capsules. The study suggests that carbopol 971P capsules can be efficiently used to control and extend the release of losartan potassium over a long period. Thus improved absorption and bioavailability can be achieved which requires further studies in animals in future.
Keywords: Sustained release, Carbopol, Hydration volume, Capsules
Prunus armeniaca (apricot) and Mucuna pruriens (Konch) seeds improves the liver damage in albino rat exposed to nicotine
Authors: Raj Varsha , Mishra Arun Kumar , Mishra Amrita , Khan Najam Ali
Published: September 2024

Prunus armeniaca (apricot) and Mucuna pruriens (Konch) both are the plant, which are extensively used as medicine in Indian traditional system from ancients, they are considered to increase the protective mechanism against ailments. Nicotine is the main copious components in smoking of cigarette and it is primarily metabolized inside the liver. The current study was performed to explore the role of ethanolic extract of Prunus armeniaca and Mucuna pruriens seed on nicotine induced lethality in rats. Animals are divided in to seven group of with each group (n=6) number of rats. Wistar rats (Group II, III, IV, VI and VIII) were administered with oral nicotine diluted with drinking water for 32 days, While (Group I) plain control was treated with drinking water concurrently, following 32 days Group III, IV were administered with two different concentration of ethanolic extract of Prunus armeniaca seed (200 mg/kg , 400 mg/kg) and Group V and VI  received ethanoilc extract of Mucuna pruriens seed at different doses (400 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg). Group II served as toxicity group (5mg/kg body weight of nicotine). Rats were sacrificed 24 hrs after last day of administration (40th day), the biochemical and histopathological parameter were studies. A significance increase in the activity of SGOT, SGPT, CRT, Total bile acid, LDL, ALP, TC, TG, TBL, DBL and decreased the activity of Albumin, TP and HDL in nicotine control group was observed. Group IV and Group VI, the ethanolic extract of Prunus armeniaca seed (400 mg/kg) and ethanolic extract of Mucuna pruriens seed (800 mg/kg) make the defensive effects which were found more considerable in rats. Thus the consequence was recommended that the Prunus armeniaca and Mucuna pruriens both were exert the protecting effects during nicotine induced hepatoxicity in rats.
Keywords Prunus armeniaca, Mucuna pruriens, nicotine, hepatotoxicity.