bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suture versus tacker closure of the peritoneum in transabdominal preperitoneal repair of inguinal hernia: A prospective comparative cohort study
Authors: Rajagopal C. , Sunil Krishna M. , Bhat Pavan M.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:

Laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair of inguinal hernia (TAPP) is routinely done by general surgeons. (1) One crucial step is peritoneal closure post-mesh placement to prevent contact with the bowel. (2) There are various techniques available for peritoneal closure. (3) This prospective comparative cohort study compares the effectiveness of sutures versus tackers in terms of time efficiency, cost, postoperative patient comfort, and complications.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This prospective comparative cohort study included patients undergoing unilateral TAPP at a tertiary care hospital in South India from December 2022 to April 2024. A total of 80 patients were included in the study, of which 50 underwent peritoneal closure by tackers and 30 underwent peritoneal closure by sutures based on the standard of care of the operating surgeon. These patients were observed intra-operatively, post-operatively, and during the first follow-up visit at 10–14 days and at 3 months.

RESULTS:

Peritoneal closure time was significantly lower for the tacker group (2.78 min vs. 11.17 min, P < 0.001). The tacker group had a higher cost (₹5313 vs. ₹1855, P < 0.001) and experienced increased postoperative pain at both 10–14 days (36% vs. 10%, P = 0.011) and 3 months (24% vs. 6.7%, P = 0.048).

CONCLUSION:

This study shows that although suturing for peritoneal closure is more time-consuming and technically challenging, it can significantly reduce the material cost and reduce both early and late postoperative pain. Using barbed suture materials can help reduce operative times.

TRIAL REGISTRATION:

Study registered under the Clinical Trial Registry of India. CTRI Number: CTRI/2022/11/047211.
A Case Report of Ventricular Tachycardia Arising from the Papillary Muscle with Changing QRS Morphology: Focal or Reentry?
Authors: Xie Yun , Luo Qingzhi , Wei Yue , Lin Changjian , Wang Lingjie , Wu Liqun , Zhang Ning
Published: December 2024

Papillary muscle (PM)-related ventricular arrhythmias may have complicated electrophysiological features. A 53-year-old woman with repeated episodes of palpitations was scheduled for electrophysiological study. A wide QRS tachycardia was found to spontaneously initiate and terminate during the study, which could also be induced by programmed ventricular and atrial stimulation. The intra-cardiac electrogram confirmed it as ventricular tachycardia (VT), while activation mapping in the left ventricle revealed the earliest activation at the septo-basal segment of the anterior PM. Transient changes in the QRS morphology and ventricular arrhythmia interval were observed during VT. Further pacing maneuvers proved the mechanism of VT as anterior PM-originated Purkinje-related localized reentry. Ablation at the site of the earliest Purkinje-like potential successfully terminated VT. No VT occurred during follow-up. Therefore, focal PM-originated VT could share the same mechanism with fascicular-related reentry VT.
Collaborative Effects of Caloric Restriction and Quercetin on Age-related Oxidative Stress Reduction through NQO1/Sirt1 Gene Regulation
Authors: Ghorbani Fereshte , Biyabani Arezou , Ghadimi Darya , Nedaei Keivan , Khodabandehloo Hadi , Hemmati Mina
Published: December 2024

Background:

Aging is caused by the progressive accumulation of various changes in the body, which is associated with an increase in free radicals and oxidative stress (OS). The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of caloric restriction (CR) and quercetin (QUER) in alleviating OS in aging and the involvement of the NAD (P) H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1)/SIRT1 signaling pathway in these effects.

Methods:

Two age groups of male Wistar rats (eight and 20 weeks of age) were included in the study and subdivided into normal diet (ND), ND with QUER (15 mg Kg-1, IP), ND with CR, and ND with QUER and CR groups. The activities of catalase (CAT), paraoxonase (PON1), liver enzymes and lipid profiles, and the expression of SIRT1 and NQO1 genes were analyzed using the desired methods.

Results:

We showed higher liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine transaminase [ALT], and alkaline phosphatase [ALP]), increased atherogenic lipids, and reduced PON1 activity in 20-week-old rats compared with eight-week-old rats, and the administration of QUER and CR restored these values to the normal range. The expression of NQO1 and SIRT1 is also affected by CR and QUER. CR alone and in combination with QUER significantly raised the expression of the NQO1 and SIRT1 genes. This effect was notable in SIRT1.

Conclusions:

QUER and CR together improved the detrimental effects of aging by modulating antioxidant signaling pathways, suggesting this combination is a complementary therapeutic regime for aging and age-related diseases.
Experiences and Perspectives of Female Employees Regarding Work-Family Balance Following Maternity Leave: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Southeastern Iran
Authors: Khajeh Zahra , Nakhaee Nouzar
Published: December 2024

Background:

Work-family balance has emerged as one of the influencing factors for the physical and mental health of working mothers and their children.

Aims:

The present study aimed to understand the experiences and perspectives of working mothers on maternity leave and return to work after childbirth. This cross-sectional survey was conducted in three major cities in southeastern Iran.

Methods:

Working mothers who had at least one live birth during the 3 years prior to the survey, aged between 18 and 49 years, and living with their husbands were enrolled using a consecutive sampling method. The sampling framework consisted of all government workplaces that had at least 30 female employees. Using a validated anonymous questionnaire consisting of demographic and attitude variables, we assessed the working mothers’ experiences and perspectives regarding the quantity and nature of the last maternity leave and how supportive their workplace was. Descriptive statistics with frequencies and percentages were used. To compare categorical variables between groups, the Chi-square test was used. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22.

Results:

A total of 900 female employees were invited to participate in the study, and finally, 741 valid questionnaires were analyzed. More than 21% of them reported that the office had changed their position or type of work after returning to work. Women with higher position jobs reported a higher husband’s support for baby care (P = 0.03). Almost 51% of mothers agreed their workplace allowed them to use breastfeeding breaks, which was less evident in nurses (P = 0.001). Nearly 86% of them stated that mothering duties are much more important than job-related responsibilities.

Conclusions:

Our study identified areas of consideration for investing in family-friendly workplace policies in Iran.
Integrative Art Therapy to Improve Emotional and Behavioral Problems among Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Saikia Priyanka , Deuri Sonia Pereira
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Children with emotional and behavioral difficulties can benefit from combining medical and psychosocial treatments. Integrative art therapy (IAT) uses art forms such as painting, dance, music, and drama to help children express their emotions and improve well being. People commonly apply IAT to support children and adolescents with mental health challenges. The aim of this review is to present an overview of the specific elements of art therapy interventions that have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing emotional and behavioral problems in children. This systematic review searched major databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus for articles from January 1990 to November 2023 and conducted a detailed review based on selection criteria. The searches were further scrutinized following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses guidelines. We excluded studies without intervention, those involving the adult population, those involving children with major mental disorders, studies conducted in languages other than English, and those lacking outcome measures. A total of 11 studies out of 67 met the inclusion criteria, and the majority of the studies included in the review were 7 randomized controlled trials and 2 single group pre–post design studies. Studies found that the use of IAT benefits emotional and behavioral issues, depressive mood, anxiety, and distress tolerance. However, the varying methodologies and limited sample sizes in the reviewed studies call for further investigation to establish clearer efficacy and delineate optimal therapeutic practices. IAT is becoming a vital part of psychosocial interventions for addressing children’s emotional and behavioral challenges. This review highlights its potential, calling for more research to solidify its evidence and inform practice. It also emphasizes art therapy’s adaptability in meeting the unique needs of children and adolescents, leading to positive psychosocial outcomes.
Relationship between Musculoskeletal Disorders and Level of Stress among Homemakers in Gujarat State: An Observational Study
Authors: Teraiya Dhvani J. , Tank Krupa
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Women play a crucial role as family caregivers, engaging in HOUSEHOLD activities such as bending, kneeling, sitting, and repetitive hand motions. Musculoskeletal issues can arise from these various positions and movements, and these symptoms are linked to psychological and personal factors. The stress experienced may be an outcome of domestic responsibilities.

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to ascertain the association between stress levels and musculoskeletal disorders among Gujarati homemakers.

Materials and Methods:

After the ethical clearance, for data collection a designed Google Forms was spread across the Gujarat state through E-mail and social media platforms. Demographic details as well as both outcome measurement tools (Cornell musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaire and modified Perceived Stress Scale) were included in the shared Google Forms. Three hundred and thirty-two homemakers from Gujarat were selected as per the selection criteria.

Results:

The study findings revealed that musculoskeletal disorders were highly prevalent, affecting 87% of participants. Among these, the neck exhibited the highest prevalence at 39.65%, while the forearm had the lowest at 14.82%. Stress was also prevalent, with 49.65% experiencing moderate stress, 46.55% experiencing mild stress, and 3.79% experiencing high stress. A significant correlation was observed between musculoskeletal disorders and stress, with a correlation coefficient of 0.619 and a P-value of 0.00.

Conclusion:

The study concluded that the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders was high with a moderate prevalence of stress. When musculoskeletal disorders correlate with stress, there was a positive relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and stress.
A Cross-sectional Study on the Levels of Psychological Flexibility among Individuals Diagnosed with Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Bijulakshmi P. , Kumar V. Veera Balaji
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Anxiety disorders are the most frequent of all psychiatric disorders and can affect a person’s functioning. It has been found that the prevalence of anxiety disorders has increased in the past decade. Hence, it has become essential to find the factors that influence the levels of anxiety in those persons suffering from anxiety disorders. Psychological flexibility is emerging as a concept that defines how people handle various life situations, and there is growing evidence that the severity of anxiety is influenced by levels of psychological flexibility in an individual. This study hopes to find the relationship between the levels of anxiety and psychological flexibility and persons diagnosed with any anxiety disorder.

Methodology:

This study was conducted among 80 people between the ages of 18 and 30 years, who were diagnosed with any type of anxiety disorder for the first time. Scales were used to assess the levels of anxiety and psychological flexibility. Statistical analysis was done to find if there was a significant relationship between levels of anxiety and psychological flexibility.

Results and Conclusion:

The results indicate that there are no gender differences in the levels of anxiety and psychological flexibility. The results show that there exists a negative linear relationship between levels of psychological flexibility and anxiety in those people diagnosed with anxiety disorders.
A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Electroconvulsive Therapy and Ketamine in Persons Suffering from Treatment-resistant Depressive Disorder
Authors: Ramasubramanian Vikhram , Mathumathi S. , Thirumalaisamy Gautami , Ayyanar Sugaparaneetharan , Rajendhiran Gopi , Kannan M.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Depression is a common illness that affects about 3.8% of the population worldwide. Patients with major depression respond to antidepressant treatment, but 10%–20% of them do not improve or show a partial response. It is coupled with functional impairment, poor quality of life, suicide ideation and attempts, self-injurious behavior, and a high relapse rate. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a challenge to clinicians because of its increased loss of functionality and the increased rate of suicide among people diagnosed with the illness. Studies are evolving to combine various treatment options to reduce morbidity and mortality in people suffering from the illness. This study aims at comparing the efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and ketamine transfusion in treating TRD. It hopes to prove that ketamine provides rapid relief for people suffering from TRD.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective, parallel randomized controlled, open label, noninferiority/superiority trial to compare the efficacy of ECT and ketamine was done. Ninety-six persons suffering from TRD were selected for the study through proportionate stratified random sampling and 46 persons received 6 ECT treatment and 50 persons received six doses of ketamine. Treatment response was measured using Hamilton depression ratings scale (HAM-D) using baseline, mid assessment, and postassessment scores. The scores were used to determine the effectiveness of ECT and ketamine in the treatment of TRD.

Results:

Ketamine was proven to have the same antidepressant effect in participants as that of ECT. Ketamine was observed to have rapid reduction in depressive symptoms when compared to ECT.

Conclusion:

This study highlights that ketamine can be considered as an effective alternative to ECT in those with TRD.
Effects of White Noise Intervention on Sleep Quality and Immunological Indicators of Patients with Breast Cancer Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Yin Gang , Li Na , Xu Dan , Meng Zhen , Zheng Shuyun , Chen Ying
Published: December 2024

Objective: Evaluate the effect of white noise intervention on sleep quality and immunological indicators of patients with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Methods: From January 2020 to December 2022, 104 newly diagnosed female patients (the number of people who met the inclusion criteria) with breast cancer who were confirmed to be preoperative NAC by puncture pathology were selected for a randomised single-blind trial. The patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 52 cases in each group. The control group of patients received routine NAC treatment. The observation group played white noise at regular intervals every night on the basis of routine NAC, covering the entire treatment cycle. We evaluated the clinical efficacy, safety, sleep quality and immunological indicators of the two groups. Results: We found no statistically significant difference in the objective response rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of safety events between the two groups (P > 0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After intervention, the sleep latency, subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, daytime function and sleep disorder scores of both groups decreased, and the observation group had significantly lower scores than the control group (P < 0.05). After intervention, both groups showed changes in immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), C-reactive protein and serum interleukin-6, but the differences between the groups were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: White noise intervention can improve the sleep quality of the NAC population with breast cancer and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions. In addition, it has no effect on the treatment efficacy, safety and immune indicators of patients.
Inflammatory Biomarkers and Tinnitus in Older Adults
Authors: Tanaka Licia Sayuri , de Moraes Marchiori Luciana Lozza , de Almeida Soares Ciquinato Daiane , de Castro Teixeira Denilson , de Moraes Marchiori Glória , Branco Braulio Henrique Magnani , Poli-Frederico Regina Célia
Published: December 2024

Background: Tinnitus refers to a common disorder affecting older adults frequently. This condition can disturb mental health and psychological well-being and contribute to cognitive decline. Despite recent advances in research, its pathophysiology remains incompletely understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the sensation of tinnitus, its consequences on the quality of life of older adults, and its correlation with cytokine levels. Methods and material: This cross-sectional study included a sample of 103 independent older adults. Information regarding clinical history, tinnitus, and hearing loss was obtained through interviews. Assessment of tinnitus intensity and resulting impairments was conducted using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Tinnitus Handicap Index (THI), respectively. Subjects underwent audiological evaluation and were measured for inflammatory markers. Statistical analyses included chi-square, Mann–Whitney, and Kruskal–Wallis tests and calculation of the effect size (Φ). Results: The condition of older adults with tinnitus (51.5%) was associated with hearing loss and previous noise exposure. No differences were observed in the cytokines between groups with and without tinnitus (P > 0.05), whereas a difference was found in the interleukin-10 (IL-10) of the male group (P = 0.016; r = 0.69). In those with tinnitus, VAS had a median and (interquartile range) of 5 (2–7), and the values were 21 (10–38) for THI. In addition, VAS and minimum masking level exhibited a significant correlation with IL-6 (P = 0.018; rs = 0.335) and IL-2 (P = 0.035; rs = 0.299), respectively. Furthermore, the groups with intense and mild VAS presented different levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (P = 0.041; E
2
R = 0.12). Conclusion: The results reveal an association between tinnitus and hearing loss and previous noise exposure. Moreover, increased sound-masking levels and VAS correlated with IL-2 and IL-6, respectively. TNF-α levels varied between the mild and intense VAS groups.
Individual and combined effects of noise exposure and diabetes mellitus on hearing
Authors: Zhang Lan , Liao Hui , Li Zongnan , Yuan Jianhui
Published: December 2024

Hearing loss (HL) is a prevalent health concern with a significant impact on society and the economy. Several factors contribute to the development of hearing impairment, with noise overexposure being the primary culprit. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is also a factor in hearing impairment, and studies have shown a positive correlation between DM and HL; however, the exact causal relationship and pathogenesis remain contentious. Given the ubiquity of noise exposure and the high incidence of DM, individuals may develop diabetes while being chronically exposed to noise. It is particularly important to explore the independent and combined effects of noise and DM on hearing, which can help healthcare professionals understand the potential risks posed by these factors and inspire prevention strategies and potential interventions for hearing impairment. This review summarizes the current research advancements in noise-induced HL and diabetes-related HL and discusses their characteristics and potential mechanisms. Furthermore, this review focuses on the combined effects of noise exposure and DM on hearing, setting the stage for further research and development of intervention strategies to address HL.
Impact of Noise on Medical Anxiety in Hospitalized Children with Pneumonia: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Xu Juan , Huang Shan
Published: December 2024

Purpose: Noise levels may have an impact on the level of fear and anxiety in hospitalized children, which, in turn, may affect the effectiveness of treatment. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the impact of noise levels on medical anxiety in hospitalized children with pneumonia. Methods: Children hospitalized for pneumonia in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were consecutively enrolled in this study. They were divided into high- and low-noise groups according to the environmental noise level, using 60 dB as a threshold value. Demographic, clinical, and psychological data were collected from medical records and patient assessments. Statistical analyses, including post-hoc analysis, were performed to conduct relevant research. Results: A total of 106 patients, including 66 patients with low noise and 40 patients with high noise, were included. Results revealed that children in the high-noise group exhibited significantly higher scores on the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire compared to those in the low-noise group (32.56 ± 7.14 vs. 29.18 ± 6.25, t = 2.557, P = 0.012), as well as higher scores on the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) behavioral pain scale (2.34 ± 0.96 vs. 2.01 ± 0.67, t = 2.081, P = 0.040), indicating higher levels of medical anxiety and pain perception in the high-noise group. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that noise levels in the hospital environment have a substantial impact on the fears and perceptions of hospitalized children with pneumonia. High-noise levels were associated with increased medical anxiety and pain perception in pediatric patients.
Storytelling and Cartoon Characters in Medical Microbiology: An Engaging Approach to Enhance Teaching and Learning
Authors: Sabesan Gokul Shankar , Visvanathan Sridevi , Sethuraman K. R.
Published: December 2024

Narrative learning, or storytelling, has emerged as a powerful pedagogical tool in medical education, offering benefits in making complex concepts relatable and memorable. Incorporating popular comics and movies, such as Marvel characters, into microbiology lectures brings humour and liveliness, stimulating curiosity and breaking monotony. For instance, Shigella’s invasive tactics were compared to Dr. Strange’s ability to access hidden dimensions, simplifying its intracellular pathogenesis. This approach caters to diverse learning styles: visual learners benefit from illustrations, auditory learners from storytelling, and kinesthetic learners from interactive role-plays. Feedback highlights increased enthusiasm and interaction, affirming cinemeducation as a creative, effective teaching method that can activate emotional centres and improves academic performance.
Children of Alcoholics (COA): Victims of Abuse Due to Parental Addiction- A Meta Narrative Review
Authors: Malick Reshma
Published: December 2024

Background:

Children of alcoholic (COA) suffer from many adversities as a result of parental long-term substance use that contributes to multiple forms of abuse and neglect. However, studies conducted on COAs’ psychological and developmental needs show them to be more prone to these issues than most children. Still, literature regarding the experiences of the COAs and the kind of support they have are scarce.

Methodology:

This is a qualitative research study, with secondary data analysis and the use of case studies to learn about the experiences of COAs. In this case, we seek to understand the nature of abuse against COAs, gender disparity in the severity of victimization, and awareness of self-help groups like Al-Teen.

Results:

Findings point out that COAs suffer from neglect, emotional maltreatment, and physical injury, and these are generally worse in cases of substance use in the family. Gender differences highlight that boys tend to be more directly affected by parents’ substance use than girls. In addition, a significant proportion of COAs themselves engage in substance use, which only worsens their situation. Knowledge of interventions such as Al-Teen is usually low among COAs, thus representing a gap in the support network.

Conclusions:

COA parents are at high risk for mental health problems and eventual substance use disorders. Good interventions must be responsive to gender differences and encourage seeking support. Community outreach and professional collaboration are necessary steps for improving the accessibility and effectiveness of self-help programs among COAs, disrupting cycles of addiction and trauma.
Coexisting autoimmune disorders among patients with inflammatory bowel disease at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alghamdi Ahmed G. , Alanazi Aisha M. , Nourelden Anas Z. , Alhamidi Hussam A. , Al Ibrahim Bashaar K. , Alshowair Mishal A. , Tawfik Marwa M. , Bawazir Abdullah H. , Nagadi Omar S. , Alshehri Hameed M. , Alahmari Mohammed S.
Published: December 2024

Background:

Approximately 25% of individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) concurrently experience immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), while the overall prevalence of these conditions in the general population is 5–7%. Individuals with IBD and concurrent IMIDs tend to have a more aggressive disease profile. We aimed to assess the prevalence of coexisting autoimmune disorders among patients with IBD and their association with inflammatory bowel disease type.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study at a tertiary care center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, we examined 875 patients with IBD (530 with Crohn’s disease and 345 with ulcerative colitis). Patient demographics, disease types, treatment modalities, and co-occurring autoimmune conditions were analyzed using statistical and regression analyses.

Results:

Overall, 21.7%, 19.4%, and 25.2% of the patients had IMIDs, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis, respectively. Patients with ulcerative colitis had higher rates of hepatic autoimmune conditions (9.6%) and endocrine autoimmune diseases (4.1% vs 1.3%; P = 0.010) than those with Crohn’s disease (4.5%; P = 0.003). Regression analysis revealed significant associations between hepatic (P = 0.012) and endocrine autoimmune diseases (P = 0.018) with ulcerative colitis diagnosis, although the model’s predictive accuracy was moderate (overall, 63%; specificity, 95%; sensitivity, 14%).

Conclusions:

Our study highlights the significant co-occurrence of autoimmune diseases with IBD, particularly the distinct autoimmune profiles of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Identifying the specific ulcerative colitis-associated autoimmune comorbidities could guide personalized therapeutic strategies and inform future research on the pathophysiological relationship between these conditions.
Navigating thyroid disorders in pregnancy: Minutes of the special symposium of ESICON 2023
Authors: Kauloorkar Bhoomika Madhukar , Anne Beatrice , Ghosh Amritava , Rajput Rajesh , Seshadri Krishna , Goswami Soumik
Published: December 2024

Thyroid disorders are among the most common endocrine conditions that can affect pregnancy. Maternal thyroid dysfunction, including both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, can significantly impact pregnancy outcomes and fetal development. Thyroid hormone regulation is crucial for normal fetal brain development, particularly during the first trimester when the fetus is entirely dependent on maternal thyroid hormones. This review aims to provide an overview of the physiological changes in thyroid function during pregnancy, discuss common thyroid disorders, their diagnosis, and management strategies, and highlight the importance of early detection and appropriate treatment to optimize maternal and fetal outcomes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using major medical databases for articles related to thyroid disorders in pregnancy, including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, subclinical thyroid disease, and thyroid autoimmunity. The search focused on diagnostic criteria, treatment modalities, and maternal and fetal complications associated with these conditions. Thyroid hormone demand increases during pregnancy, leading to physiological changes such as an increase in thyroid-binding globulin and changes in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. The prevalence of hypothyroidism in pregnancy ranges from 2-5%, with subclinical hypothyroidism being more common than overt hypothyroidism. Untreated hypothyroidism is associated with adverse outcomes, including preeclampsia, preterm birth, and neurodevelopmental delay in offspring. Hyperthyroidism, though less common (0.1-0.4%), can lead to complications such as miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and preterm delivery. Autoimmune thyroid disease, particularly Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease, is also a significant concern in pregnant women, with potential effects on both the mother and fetus. Early screening for thyroid dysfunction, particularly in women at high risk (e.g., those with a history of thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes, or other autoimmune conditions), is essential for timely intervention. Levothyroxine remains the treatment of choice for hypothyroidism, with dosing adjustments often needed as pregnancy progresses. For hyperthyroidism, antithyroid medications, such as propylthiouracil in the first trimester and methimazole thereafter, are generally recommended, with careful monitoring to avoid fetal complications. Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy requires careful monitoring and treatment to prevent adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach involving obstetricians and endocrinologists is essential for the optimal management of thyroid disorders during pregnancy. Further research is warranted to refine screening guidelines and treatment protocols, particularly in subclinical thyroid disease.
Hiệu quả công việc của nhân viên ngành logistics dưới tác động của lãnh đạo chuyển hóa: Nhận diện hành vi tích cực
Authors: Hiền Nguyễn Thị Thu , Sương Huỳnh Thị Thu
Published: December 2024

Nghiên cứu này nhằm khám phá mối quan hệ của các nhân tố lãnh đạo chuyển hóa đến hiệu quả công việc nhờ ảnh hưởng của các hành vi tích cực gồm gắn kết, hài lòng và sáng tạo của nhân viên. Vận dụng lý thuyết lãnh đạo chuyển hóa, trao đổi xã hội và sự tự chủ, nghiên cứu được thực hiện bằng phần mềm SmartPLS4, với 355 quan sát gồm nhân viên kinh doanh tại các doanh nghiệp Logistics kho bãi và giao nhận Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Bằng chứng cho thấy thừa hưởng ưu việt của lãnh đạo chuyển hóa đã nuôi dưỡng các hành vi tích cực của nhân viên; và chính các nhân tố gồm sự hài lòng, gắn kết và sáng tạo của nhân viên giúp thúc đẩy hiệu quả công việc. Các hành vi tích cực trong nghiên cứu này đóng vai trò trung gian truyền tải tác động từ lãnh đạo chuyển hóa đến hiệu quả công việc với hiệu ứng trung gian một phần, cụ thể là hiệu ứng bổ sung. Từ kết quả nghiên cứu giúp nhà quản trị nhận thức toàn diện về vai trò của lãnh đạo chuyển hóa thúc đẩy sự sáng tạo, hài lòng công việc và gắn kết công việc, từ đó, cải thiện hiệu quả công việc của nhân viên trong bối cảnh ngành Logistics vẫn chịu tác động của suy thoái toàn cầu.
Môi trường làm việc vui vẻ và hành vi công dân tổ chức hướng đến khách hàng của nhân viên khách sạn: Vai trò của cạn kiệt cảm xúc và lòng biết ơn
Authors: Phượng Lê Thái , Thành Tạ Văn , Hiếu Hà Minh
Published: December 2024

Nghiên cứu xem xét tác động của môi trường làm việc vui vẻ lên hành vi công dân tổ chức hướng đến khách hàng (OCBC) của nhân viên khách sạn với nhân tố trung gian là sự cạn kiệt cảm xúc và nhân tố điều tiết là lòng biết ơn. Mẫu được thu thập theo phương pháp chọn mẫu quả cầu tuyết (snowball sampling) và chọn mẫu định mức (quota sampling). Phân tích Cronbach’s Alpha, phân tích nhân tố khám phá, phân tích nhân tố khẳng định và phân tích cấu trúc tuyến tính là các phương pháp phân tích chính. Kết quả khảo sát 469 nhân viên tuyến đầu của các khách sạn 3 sao trở lên tại thành phố Đà Nẵng cho thấy: (1) môi trường làm việc vui vẻ và sự cạn kiệt cảm xúc tác động trực tiếp lên OCBC; (2) sự cạn kiệt cảm xúc là trung gian cho mối quan hệ giữa môi trường làm việc vui vẻ và OCBC; (3) lòng biết ơn có vai trò điều tiết lên mối quan hệ giữa sự cạn kiệt cảm xúc và OCBC. Kết quả nghiên cứu có những đóng góp về mặt lý thuyết và thực tiễn trong việc nâng cao sự hiểu biết đối với cơ chế hình thành OCBC của nhân viên tuyến đầu ngành khách sạn.
Mối quan hệ giữa yếu tố cá nhân, presenteeism và hạnh phúc của nhân viên làm việc tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Thúy Nguyễn Thị Thanh , Phượng Nguyễn Bùi Giang , Ngân Vương Kim , Ngân Nguyễn Thị Kim , Ngọc Ngô Thị Bích , Thuy Hoàng Khả
Published: December 2024

Nghiên cứu tập trung vào các nhân tố ảnh hưởng đến hiện tượng nhân viên vẫn đi làm việc dù sức khỏe không tốt (presenteeism; Aronsson, Gustafsson, & Dallner, 2000; Johns, 2010), và mối quan hệ giữa hiện tượng này với hạnh phúc của nhân viên. Kết quả được đánh giá dựa trên 203 bảng khảo sát các nhân viên làm ở Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Bằng phương pháp hồi quy tuyến tính, nghiên cứu cho thấy sự hỗ trợ của quản lý, sức sống, và sự giám sát của quản lý có mối quan hệ tích cực đối với hiện tượng presenteeism mang ý nghĩa tích cực; tuy nhiên, chỉ có sự hỗ trợ của quản lý có ý nghĩa thống kê với hiện tượng presenteeism mang ý nghĩa tiêu cực. Đồng thời, tác động của hiện tượng presenteeism đối với hạnh phúc tương đối phức tạp, do có sự khác nhau về chiều hướng tác động của biến presenteeism. Nghiên cứu giúp cho các nhà khoa học và quản lý có thêm hiểu biết về các yếu tố tác động đối với presenteeism và hạnh phúc.
Resiliência de plantas de cobertura à seca
Authors: Zuffo Alan Mario Mario Zuffo , Steiner Fábio , Aguilera Jorge González , Morales-Aranibar Luis , Argentel-Martínez Leandris Argentel-Martínez
Published: December 2024

Straw production from cover crops and the sustainability of no-tillage farming systems can be compromised by low rainfall during the dry off-season in Central Brazil. This study investigated the drought resilience of five cover crop species under drought stress conditions. Three irrigation levels [100% pot capacity – CV (well-watered conditions), 60% CV (moderate drought stress) and 25% CV (severe drought stress)] and five grass cover crop species [Urochloa brizantha cv. BRS Piatã, U. brizantha cv. Marandu, U. brizantha cv. Xaraés, U. ruziziensis cv. Comum and Pennisetum glaucum cv. ADR 300] were tested using a randomized block design with a 3 × 5 factorial arrangement and three replications. Canonical variable analysis (CVA) and a correlation network were established with the variables evaluated. The CVA showed that 88.6% of the total variation of the data was retained in the first two canonical variables. The plants were exposed to water stress for 25 days during the tillering and stem elongation phases. Plants of the genus Urochloa (U. ruziziensis, U. brizantha cv. Marandu, and U. brizantha cv. Xaraés) showed higher total dry matter production under normal irrigation conditions. However, under moderate water stress conditions, U. ruziziensis was the cover crop with greater resilience, since these conditions culminated in higher dry matter production.
Sosyal Medya ve Dijital Diaspora: Libya’da Yaşayan Türkler Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: Tuğ Kızıltoprak Ayşe Amine
Published: December 2024

Diaspora, farklı nedenlerden dolayı ana vatanlarından ayrılmak zorunda kalan toplulukları ifade etmek için kullanılmaktadır. Diasporik topluluklar olarak da adlandırılan bu topluluklar, teknolojinin ve beraberinde sanal/dijital alanların insan hayatına girmesi ile birlikte sosyal paylaşım ağları başta olmak üzere sanal/dijital ortamları yoğun şekilde kullanmaya başlamışlardır. Bu dijital diasporik topluluklar, ana vatanı ile bağ kurmak, duygu ve düşüncelerini ifade etmek, kimlik deneyimlerini güçlendirmek, topluluktaki bireylerle iletişime ve etkileşime geçmek, anavatan özlemini gidermek gibi amaçlarla sosyal paylaşım ağlarını özellikle de Facebook’u sıklıkla kullanmakta ve burada oluşturulan gruplara dahil olmaktadır. Bu noktadan hareketle yapılan çalışmada, Libya’da yaşayan Türklerin oluşturmuş olduğu “Libya’da yaşayan Türkler” adlı Facebook grubunun paylaşımları incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, Libya’da yaşayan Türklerin yer aldığı Facebook grubunun paylaşımlarında hangi kodların öne çıktığını tespit etmek amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evreni, Facebook’ta Türklerin oluşturmuş olduğu gruplar ve bu gruplarda yer alan paylaşımlardır. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen “Libya’da yaşayan Türkler” adlı Facebook hesabında yapılan paylaşımlar ise araştırmanın örneklemini temsil etmektedir. Örneklem sayısı belirlenirken, araştırma verilerinin doygunluğa ulaşması hasebiyle 1 Temmuz 2024 ile 31 Temmuz 2024 tarihleri arasında yapılan paylaşımlar araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Araştırma verilerini analiz etmek için içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinden elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Libya’da yaşayan Türkler için Facebook dolayısıyla da sosyal medya, hem Libya’daki Türklerle hem de ana vatandaki Türklerle iletişim ve etkileşim kurma açısından önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Libya’da yaşayan Türklerin Facebook hesabında, Türkiye Cumhurbaşkanı Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, dini paylaşımlar, bayrak, Türk askeri, ticari ürün tanıtımları, uluslararası siyaset, Azerbaycan ve Türkiye’de gündem olan haberler öne çıkmaktadır.
RICOEUR E O TEMPO REAL
Authors: Silva Victor Leandro
Published: December 2024

O tempo tem sido um tema frequentemente debatido dentro da tradição filosófica, convertendo-se num campo profícuo de problematizações. Contudo, mesmo na contemporaneidade, os debates envidados costumam pôr de lado os achados científicos a respeito da constituição temporal, resultando em análises contrapostas à realidade em vigor. O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir as posições filosóficas assentadas na ideia de temporalidade inscritas na obra do filósofo francês Paul Ricoeur, cotejando as proposições levantadas com os termos consolidados da física contemporânea, para, a partir daí, extrair consequências para nossa visão acerca da narrativa e da temporalidade
NIETZSCHE: FILÓSOFO DA AFIRMAÇÃO
Authors: Frota Anthony Gabriel da Silva , Jesus Gerdevane Silva de
Published: December 2024

O presente ensaio tem por objetivo apresentar e analisar os principais aspectos do pensamento nietzschiano que fazem de Friedrich Nietzsche um “filósofo da afirmação”. Aos olhos do senso comum, o filósofo prussiano é comumente associado – de forma negativa - à destruição dos valores metafísicos, ao relativismo cultural, à iconoclastia e ao niilismo. Entretanto, essa visão superficial desconsidera que Nietzsche não se limitou a criticar os valores e a configuração social de sua época; ele também propôs alternativas para afirmar a vida no plano da imanência. Essa afirmação reconhece a crueldade e as asperezas do Real, por isso, envolve tanto a alegria quanto o sofrimento. Em vista disso, para atingir o nosso objetivo, tomamos como percurso metodológico a pesquisa bibliográfica, tendo como principal referência O Nascimento da tragédia (1872) Este recorte concebe a “metafísica dos artistas” como um estilo superior a “metafísica racional”. Com efeito, o “poeta sóbrio” e o “poeta embriagado” devem coexistir no mesmo espaço de criação: a tragédia.
REFLEXÕES FILOSÓFICAS SOBRE A RELAÇÃO ENTRE DIFERENÇA E JUSTIÇA
Authors: Alves Maria Rayane Dias , Dantas João Vitor e Lacerda
Published: December 2024

O artigo investiga a intersecção entre diferença e justiça, analisando aspectos da igualdade e equidade. Enquanto a igualdade busca tratar todos de maneira uniforme, a equidade enfatiza a justiça considerando circunstâncias e necessidades específicas. O artigo argumenta que a justiça verdadeira deve reconhecer e valorizar as diferenças individuais, propondo a equidade como essencial para isso. A análise histórica e filosófica desses princípios mostra como eles evoluíram e influenciam as políticas atuais. O método é bibliográfico, baseado em livros, artigos e documentos. Além disso, o artigo compara esses conceitos com as ideias de Miroslav, contextualizando-os na atualidade.
DOMINAÇÃO E IDEOLOGIA
Authors: Milovic Miroslav
Published: December 2024

O mundo atual, o mundo global, é um delírio hegeliano. Tudo o que queremos aqui, neste primeiro ensaio, é explicar essa afirmação. O mundo global poderia também ser tematizado como produto, ou melhor, como consequência da modernidade. Por isso a nossa questão sobre Hegel e a globalização poderia ser colocada como a questão sobre a relação entre Hegel e a modernidade. Uma das teses de discussão será que a filosofia de Hegel articula a essência da modernidade filosófica e social.
MIROSLAV MILOVIC: O AMOR MILITANTE
Authors: Brito Rose
Published: December 2024

O objetivo do ensaio é apresentar a interpretação de Milovic sobre o amor paulino, uma das fontes fundamentais para a compreensão do amor militante. O ensaio está dividido em duas seções: a interpretação do amor paulino como “amor desinteressado” nos textos de Frederico Lourenço “Amor sexual e bem-aventurança” e “Sexo e a Cidade (de Deus)”. Na segunda seção, é anunciada a interpretação de Milovic sobre Paulo e o Amor Mundi presente no texto São Paulo: Parusia como mudança do mundo. A tese a ser defendida é a originalidade do pensamento de Milovic acerca da noção ético-política do amor.
Financiamiento educativo e inequidad. Un estudio comparativo entre dos Comunas de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires
Authors: Vázquez Sebastián
Published: December 2024

En esta investigación se analiza la relación en el financiamiento educativo entre el sector estatal y el privado, comparando el gasto público en educación primaria de gestión estatal y las transferencias a la educación primaria privada en dos comunas de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Primero, se define el concepto de cuasimonopolio estatal que caracteriza al sistema educativo argentino en su financiamiento, y se explora la relación entre equidad y costo-efectividad en el financiamiento educativo. Luego, se presenta la composición de la matrícula en diferentes Comunas según el tipo de gestión de los establecimientos educativos y se realiza una correlación con el nivel pobreza, para seleccionar adecuadamente las comunas a comparar. A continuación, se compara el gasto de CABA en educación primaria estatal con las transferencias a los establecimientos privados en ambas comunas, analizando eficiencia y equidad. Los resultados muestran que la abismal diferencia de matrícula en uno y otro sector tiene consecuencias significativas para el financiamiento público de la educación y que, a su vez, muestra desigualdades en torno ciertos indicadores tales como cantidad de alumnos por docente y posibilidad de asistencia a una escuela de gestión estatal. Finalmente, se propone un ejercicio ilustrativo donde la Comuna con menor porcentaje de matrícula estatal se comporta como la de mayor proporción estatal, para evidenciar los efectos del cuasimonopolio estatal en el financiamiento educativo.
Urdu Journal 200 Years : An Analysis
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Ahmed Khan Touseef
Published: December 2024

Urdu Journalism in sub-continent shall turn 200 years old after few years. It has transformed tremendously in terms of news writing, vocabulary, lay-out, make-up and visual appeal. Internet and searchable Urdu (Unicode) have successfully introduced the language and the Urdu journalism internationally. Apart from a number of these revolutionary positive measures Urdu Journalism bears numerous signs of bad journalism. The concepts such as objectivity, balanced news, right to reply, fairness, professional editor, libel and other laws related to a professional and responsible practice of journalism are still alien up to quite a large extent. Press Release still finds a convenient way to the print and few reporters trouble rechecking the facts. Agenda Journalism, hero driven reactionary narrative rule the roost. This paper claims that Urdu newspapers, in general, have failed to satisfy their readers with the quality of news and information they provide.
Effects of Internet on Children’s Socialization: A Survey of Gujrat
Authors: Yousaf Zahid , Naz Karim Lubna , Arshad Saba
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the effects of internet on socialization of children. Internet is known to have changed the world into a perfect global village and it has become most potent socialization agent in present era. The study addresses the effects of internet on children socialization in comparison to popular media. Researchers used survey method for data collection and selected uses and gratifications theory to investigate the phenomenon and support the study. Results indicate that children spend more time on internet. They use internet mostly for educational purpose and playing games and in the process are also socialized although importance of family and peers is still prominent. It is significant that internet helps a lot in social development and personality building of the children.
The Importance of Media: A Historical Analysis
Authors: Perveen Abida , Shamsuddin Muhammad , Shehzad Muhammad
Published: December 2024

The basic functions of mass media are to provide information, education or instruction and entertainment for the people. Mass media motivate people directly or indirectly. The media are the tools of communication. It is the key element to make information come alive and function to fulfill the needs of the people and nations. The enormous global problems caused by growth in human race and uneven distribution of energy, food, weapons and the resources are liable to be resolved to some extent, through media interaction. To accomplish these functions in any country or community, the mass media institution should be clear about their communication objectives, which provide guidance for their day to day work. Media contribute effectively in promoting awareness about human rights and educate people to matters of peace, justice and freedom. This article highlights the role of mass media in the development as well as bringing changes / modifications in cultures and their effects on individuals and society as a whole.
Ethnic Violence in Karachi: Dawn and Jang Coverage of May 12, 2007 Ethnic Violence
Authors: Ahmed Imtiaz , Ali Arshad
Published: December 2024

Communities in Karachi have hardly lived cheek by jowl as there simmered ethnic tension in the city until recently often turning into clashes. The recently-subdued bloodshed traces its roots to 1985 killing of a Mohajir girl in a road crash after which the city was plunged into a communal frenzy with May 12, 2007 Karachi violence involving MQM, ANP and PPP being part of the long-standing communal frenzy. Considering rivalries between the said groups, the article aims to examine Dawn and Jang coverage of the May 12 violence which saw dozens of people die on Karachi streets. Textual analysis of both dailies has been carried out to compare their 15-day coverage of the May 12 violence which among other things helped find out either of the newspapers’ slant towards any group. Discourse and content analyses suggest that Jang not only mostly carried press releases but also shown a tilt towards MQM. Also, frequency and placement of news items have systematically been analyzed in addition to observing exclusive news about the fateful day.