bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Network pharmacology and molecular docking reveal the effective substances and active mechanisms of Dalbergia Odoriferain protecting against ischemic stroke
Authors: Liu Kedi , Tao Xingru , Su Jing , Li Fei , Mu Fei , Zhao Shi , Lu Xinming , Li Jing , Chen Sha , Dong Taiwei , Duan Jialin , Wei Peifeng , Xi Miaomiao
Published: September 2021

Dalbergia Odorifera (DO) has been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseasesinclinical. However, the effective substances and possible mechanisms of DO are still unclear. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking were used toelucidate the effective substances and active mechanisms of DO in treating ischemic stroke (IS). 544 DO-related targets from 29 bioactive components and 344 IS-related targets were collected, among them, 71 overlapping common targets were got. Enrichment analysis showed that 12 components were the possible bioactive components in DO, which regulating 9 important signaling pathways in 3 biological processes including ‘oxidative stress’ (KEGG:04151, KEGG:04068, KEGG:04915), ‘inflammatory response’(KEGG:04668, KEGG:04064) and ‘vascular endothelial function regulation’(KEGG:04066, KEGG:04370). Among these, 5 bioactive components with degree≥20 among the 12 potential bioactive components were selected to be docked with the top5 core targets using AutodockVina software. According to the results of molecular docking, the binding sites of core target protein AKT1 and MOL002974, MOL002975, and MOL002914 were 9, 8, and 6, respectively, and they contained 2, 1, and 0 threonine residues, respectively. And some binding sites were consistent, which may be the reason for the similarities and differences between the docking results of the 3 core bioactive components. The results ofin vitroexperiments showed that OGD/R could inhibit cell survival and AKT phosphorylation which were reversed by the 3 core bioactive components. Among them, MOL002974 (butein) had a slightly better effect. Therefore, the protective effect of MOL002974 (butein) against cerebral ischemia was further evaluated in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) by detecting neurological score, cerebral infarction volume and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. The results indicated that MOL002974 (butein) could significantly improve the neurological score of rats, decrease cerebral infarction volume, and inhibit the level of LDH in the cerebral tissue and serum in a dose-dependent manner. In conclusion, network pharmacology and molecular docking predicate the possible effective substances and mechanisms of DO in treating IS. And the results are verified by thein vitroandin vivoexperiments. This research reveals the possible effective substances from DO and its active mechanisms for treating IS and provides a new direction for the secondary development of DO for treating IS.
Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems survey response rates are significantly affected by patient characteristics and postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Mercier Michael R. , Galivanche Anoop R. , David Wyatt B. , Malpani Rohil , Pathak Neil , Hilibrand Ari S. , Rubin Lee E. , Grauer Jonathan N.
Published: September 2021

Introduction

The Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) survey measures patients’ satisfaction of their hospital experience. A minority of discharged patients return the survey. Underlying bias among who ultimately returns the survey (non-response bias) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may affect results of the survey. Thus, the objective of the current study is to assess the relationship between patient characteristics and postoperative outcomes on HCAHPS survey nonresponse.

Methods

All adult patients at a single institution undergoing inpatient, elective, primary TKA between February 2013 and May 2020 were selected for analysis. Following discharge, all patients had been mailed the HCAHPS survey. The primary outcome analyzed in the current study is survey return. Patient characteristics, surgical variables, and 30-day postoperative outcomes were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors independently associated with return of the HCAHPS survey.

Results

Of 4,804 TKA patients identified, 1,498 (31.22%) returned HCAHPS surveys. On multivariate regression analyses controlling for patient factors, patients who did not return the survey were more likely to have a higher American Society of Anesthesia score (ASA score of 4 or higher, OR = 2.37; P<0.001), and be partially or totally dependent (OR = 2.37; P = 0.037). Similarly, patients who did not return the survey were more likely to have had a readmission (OR = 1.94; P<0.001), be discharged to a place other than home (OR = 1.52; P<0.001), or stay in the hospital for longer than 3 days (OR = 1.43; P = 0.004).

Discussion

Following TKA, HCAHPS survey response rate was only 31.22% and completion of the survey was associated with several demographic and postoperative variables. These findings suggest that HCAHPS survey results capture a non-representative fraction of the true TKA patient population. This bias is necessary to consider when using HCAHPS survey results as a metric for quality of healthcare and federal reimbursement rates.
Snail regulation in fibroblast-like synoviocytes by a histone deacetylase or glycogen synthase kinase inhibitor affects cell proliferation and gene expression
Authors: Shen Po-Chuan , Chang Po-Chun , Hsieh Jeng-Long
Published: September 2021

Background

Snail has been linked to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We plan to investigate the regulation of Snail in response to TNF-α, histone acetylation, and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK)-3 inhibition in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs).

Methods

FLSs from rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) were collected and treated with TNF-α alone or a combination with trichostatin A (TSA), a pan-histone deacetylase inhibitor and lithium chloride (LiCl), a glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK)-3 inhibitor.

Results

We demonstrated for the first time that nuclear expression of Snail in FLSs from rats with CIA was correlated with the levels of extracellular TNF-α and acetylation status. Cell proliferation and viability of CIA FLSs were reduced in response to TSA treatment and short-hairpin RNA specific to Snail. LiCl treatment increased Snail and cadherin-11 (Cad-11) expression in CIA FLSs.

Conclusion

We suggested from this study that targeting TNF-α-histone deacetylase-Snail signaling axis or the Wnt signaling pathway in FLSs might provide therapeutic interventions for the treatment of RA in the future.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations between interparental and sibling relationships: Positive or negative?
Authors: Zemp Martina , Friedrich Amos S. , Schirl Jessica , Dantchev Slava , Voracek Martin , Tran Ulrich S.
Published: September 2021

According to family systems theory, a family is regarded as an organized whole and relations within this system are interconnected. However, it is not clear to date whether the interparental and the sibling relationship are associated and, if such an association exists, whether it is positive or negative. Previous findings on the associations between the interparental and sibling relationships are inconsistent and there is as yet no pertinent review or meta-analysis. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis set out (1) to aggregate previous studies investigating the links between the interparental and sibling relationships and (2) to examine potential moderators in this link. Based on 47 studies reporting 234 effect sizes (N= 29,746 from six nations; 6–12 years; 49% boys), meta-analytic results suggest a small positive correlation between interparental and sibling relationship quality (r= .14). Only the percentage of male children in the sample moderated this effect. Sex composition of sibling dyad and source of publication affected whether positive or negative associations were found. The findings support a growing consensus that family relations do not function in isolation, but are mutually interdependent, which should be considered in clinical practice.
The effectiveness of simulation education program on shared decision-making attitudes among nurses in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Mei-Hsiang , Lin Shu-Chuan , Lee Yu-Hsia , Wang Pao-Yu , Wu Hon-Yen , Hsu Hsiu-Chin
Published: September 2021

Background

Shared decision-making (SDM) is significantly associated with promoting the quality of end-of-life (EOL). The attitude of nurses toward the end of life can affect EOL care, but there are few SDM-related clinical learning programs focused on EOL. In this study, therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of an EOL-simulation education program on attitudes toward SDM among nurses, using an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE).

Methods

We used a quasi-experimental study design to evaluate nurses working at a medical center in Taiwan. We recruited 100 nurses and assigned them to an experimental group (n = 50) and a control group (n = 50). The experimental group received the SDM attitude (SDMA) cultivation program, and the control group did not. After the intervention, all participants were examined in an OSCE to assess the efficacy of their learning. Apvalue of.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The average score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group in the dimensions “empathic communication” and “mastery learning”, but these differences were not significant. SDMA score is significantly and positively correlated with SDMA global score, standardized patient survey (SPS) score, and SPS global score(r= .92, .56, and .50, respectively; p < .01).

Conclusions

Simulations concerning EOL care that incorporate SDM components would be effective for training clinical nurses. This study can serve as a reference for nursing-administration managers who may consider designing SDM-related education programs to improve the quality of clinical nursing care.
The effect of music on body sway when standing in a moving virtual environment
Authors: Dent Shaquitta , Burger Kelley , Stevens Skyler , Smith Benjamin D. , Streepey Jefferson W.
Published: September 2021

Movement of the visual environment presented through virtual reality (VR) has been shown to invoke postural adjustments measured by increased body sway. The effect of auditory information on body sway seems to be dependent on context with sounds such as white noise, tones, and music being used to amplify or suppress sway. This study aims to show that music manipulated to match VR motion further increases body sway. Twenty-eight subjects stood on a force plate and experienced combinations of 3 visual conditions (VR translation in the AP direction at 0.1 Hz, no translation, and eyes closed) and 4 music conditions (Mozart’s Jupiter Symphony modified to scale volume at 0.1 Hz and 0.25 Hz, unmodified music, and no music) Body sway was assessed by measuring center of pressure (COP) velocities and RMS. Cross-coherence between the body sway and the 0.1 Hz and 0.25 Hz stimuli was also determined. VR translations at 0.1 Hz matched with 0.1Hz shifts in music volume did not lead to more body sway than observed in the no music and unmodified music conditions. Researchers and clinicians may consider manipulating sound to enhance VR induced body sway, but findings from this study would not suggest using volume to do so.
Implementation of Islamic Religious Education Learning for Children with Special Needs at Al-Azhar Elementary School Kota Bukittinggi
Authors: Suharjo Suharjo , Hanani Silfia , Jasmienti Jasmienti
Published: September 2021

The segregation education system is starting to be abandoned and shifting to an inclusive education system. The inclusive education system is to unite children with special needs (ABK) with children without special needs (ATBK) in the same class they interact with, communicate and learn together. This research uses descriptive qualitative research with data collection obtained from observations, interviews, and documentation. The implementation of Islamic religious education learning for students with special needs at SD Al-Azhar Bukittinggi unites ABK students with ATBK in a fully inclusive classroom under the supervision of class teachers and special companion teachers (GPK). The implementation of Islamic Religious Education learning for children with special needs through inclusive education at SD Al-Azhar Bukittinggi students with special needs assisted by a striking companion teacher has a better understanding of the subject matter than ABK without a special companion teacher.
Editorial
Authors: Mullins R. T. , Anzalone David , Page Ben
Published: September 2021

In 1969, T.F. Torrance published Space, Time, and Incarnation. This brought together recent work in philosophy and science on the nature of space and time in order to explore the implications for theology. Torrance’s theology engaged with the scientific thought of Albert Einstein and James Clerk Maxwell, as well as the temporal logic of A.N. Prior. The influence of this work on subsequent Christian theology cannot be overstated. Yet, a great deal has changed since 1969, and most contemporary discussions in systematic theology show little awareness of recent advancements in the metaphysics of time and space.
Digital skills, access and motivation to use e-services
Authors: González-Zabala Mayda Patricia , Galvis-Lista Ernesto Amaru , Sánchez-Torres Jenny Marcela
Published: September 2021

This paper presents a study on digital skills, access and motivations to use or not  e-services, made to students admitted to a technological career at the Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas. The objective was to establish the previous knowledge in the digital area before beginning the education process offered by the university. A methodology proposed was: i) to determine the context, ii) data collection, and iii) reports generation and analysis of results. The main results obtained were: The characterization of the population under study, identify medium-high levels in the skills associated with knowledge of requirements for Internet access, search and use of online forms, and a medium-low level in recognition of secure environments to make transactions. In addition, it was found that 97% of the population access digital services because they are user-friendly, while distrust, lack of interest and ignorance about the digital service offer are the reasons that usually limit access. Regarding the use of services, 100% of the population use communication and entertainment services, 71.6% have used online training services, and 44.8% have searched for work online.
Algoritmo hibrido de redes neuronales artificiales con recocido simulado para predicción en minería de datos
Authors: Salas ruiz Roberto Emilio , Rodriguez Rodriguez Jorge Enrique , Hernández García Claudia Liliana
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo es un avance del proyecto de investigación titulado “Desarrollo de algoritmos híbridos para minería de datos” y presenta el uso de una red neuronal con el algoritmo del recocido simulado para realizar la predicción de un conjunto de datos de entrenamiento. En primer lugar, se aborda el problema a resolver, el cual está orientado al análisis de las técnicas definidas para el algoritmo hibrido. Luego, se justifica la metodología de investigación (científica descriptiva-exploratoria con enfoque experimental) aplicada. Se realizó la revisión de las técnicas seleccionadas para la técnica híbrida redes neuronales y recocido simulado la cual se aplica a un conjunto de datos experimentales asociados a determinar en un conjunto de pacientes si su columna vertebral es normal o anormal. Enseguida, se plantean las pruebas de análisis y resultados.
Hacia un estado del arte sobre la infancia contemporánea en Colombia, 2001-2018
Authors: Pardo Quevedo Diana Carolina
Published: September 2021

Este artículo desarrolla los antecedentes del proyecto de tesis doctoral “el discurso de las nuevas infancias en la sociedad colombiana entre 2001-2018” cuyo objetivo es establecer la manera como los discursos institucionales y no institucionales configuran las nuevas infancias a partir de las transformaciones que han vivido la familia, la escuela y los medios de comunicación, desde el enfoque genealógico-arqueológico de investigación  propuesto por Michel Foucault a partir del archivo documental sobre las tensiones de la infancia contemporánea a partir de tres frentes de trabajo: desde la perspectiva anglosajona y europea; en segundo lugar, la infancia en el contexto latinoamericano; y por último la infancia desde perspectiva académica colombiana. Frente a los resultados estos se expresan en términos conceptuales sobre las nuevas infancias atravesadas por los medios de comunicación, las nuevas tecnologías, las plataformas digitales o virtuales, las redes sociales, y la economía del consumo.
Generador lineal para un generador eólico de baja potencia, selección, diseño y simulación en comsol multiphysic
Authors: Mora Santos José German , Rivas Trujillo Edwin , Montana Quintero Henry
Published: September 2021

En el presente documento se expone un estudio comparativo de tres topologías propuestas de generador lineal, a partir de la recopilación de los estudios consignados en la literatura científica, son modeladas por medio de simulaciones en 2D en COMSOL y se analizan los resultados obtenidos tomando como indicador de desempeño la potencia de salida y el comportamiento bajo carga, como contribución al proyecto de investigación TOPOLOGÍAS DE GENERADOR EÓLICO DE BAJA POTENCIA. Los resultados obtenidos son satisfactorios resaltando la primera de las topologías propuestas, que presenta el mejor comportamiento bajo carga y un valor adecuado de potencia de salida para aplicaciones de baja potencia. Gracias al empleo de herramientas computacionales se evita la construcción de varios prototipos, lo que da la posibilidad de generar un banco virtual de pruebas para futuros desarrollos en esta área y lograr un avance en la investigación de estos dispositivos en Colombia.
Prevalence and Risk F alence and Risk Factors of Drug-induced Gingiv ors of Drug-induced Gingival Overgrowth in Hypertensive Patients
Authors:   Unit of Periodontics, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Taib Haslina , Haziq Mohd Radzwan Muhammad ,   1Unit of Periodontics, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Annurdin Sabaruddin Muhammad ,   Unit of Periodontics, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Jalan Pandan Utama, 55100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Majdiah Wan Mohamad Wan ,   Unit of Clinical Immunology, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia, Mohamad Noraini ,   Unit of Family Medicine, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: September 2021

Gingival overgrowth (GO) or enlargement is an unwanted effect occurring on the gingiva that commonly associated with medications. Hypertension is a global burden systemic conditions and showed high prevalent and more patients are taking antihypertensive drugs. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of drug-induced gingival overgrowth (DIGO) and its associated risk factors among hypertensive patients attending Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia. Methods: A total of 42 patients with the mean age of 57.1 (SD=9.3) years had participated in this cross-sectional study. They were recruited if they had consumed anti-hypertensive agents for at least 6 months. Demographic data and oral hygiene status were recorded and the presence of DIGO was assessed based on clinical index for gingival overgrowth. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24.0 with p< 0.05 is considered statistically significant. Results: Majority of patients were taking calcium channel blockers (CCB) (81.0%) with amlodipine reported as the most common antihypertensive prescribed (47.6%). About 52% presented with DIGO and among them 55.9% were in those on CCB by which 9.5% presented with clinically significant enlargement. Except for gingivitis, oral hygiene status and demographic data were not significant risk factors for DIGO (p > 0.05). Conclusion: We found that DIGO is prevalent among hypertensive patients on CCB and its occurrence is coexists with gingivitis. Therefore, periodontal assessment is recommended among these patients for early detection and management of drug-induced gingival overgrowth.
Anestesi pada Pediatrik dengan Kelainan Porfiria Herediter
Authors: Rukmana Agus , Arifin Johan
Published: September 2021

Pasien dengan porfiria terjadi perubahan biologi yang penting diketahui berkaitan dengan penggunaan oksigen, transportasi, bentuk dan penyimpanan. Jalur sintetis yang terlibat dalam produksi porfirin kompleks dan melibatkan banyak enzim. Defek pada salah satu hasil enzim dalam akumulasi perantara sebelumnya menghasilkan satu bentuk atau bentuk lain dari penyakit yang dikenal sebagai porfiria.Empat jenis dari porfiria herediter diklasifikasikan sebagai porfiria akut. Cacat enzimatik mengakibatkan akumulasi prekursor porfirin (biasanya ALA dan PGB). Jumlah prekursor ini mungkin normal atau sedikit meningkat pada periode laten tetapi peningkatan selama krisis porphyric dapat menyebabkan bahaya pada tubuh. Induksi iatrogenik dari sintetase ALA dengan pemberian pemicu tertentu (barbiturat) hanya salah satu dari beberapa faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap krisis porphyric. Tanda dan gejala serangan porphyric akut terutama terdiri dari disfungsi neurologis, yang terjadi sekunder pada neurotoksisitas ALA atau berkurang tingkat heme intraneuronal.Setiap pasien yang dicurigai porfiria membutuhkan anamnesa yang teliti mengenai riwayat penyakit, termasuk riwayat keluarga dan pemeriksaan fisik secara menyeluruh, termasuk penilaian neurologis. Titk berat perhatian khusus pada ada atau tidak adanya neuropati perifer dan ketidakstabilan otonom.Manajemen anestesi pada porfiria membutuhkan pengetahuan tentang jenis porfiria (akut vs non-akut), penilaian laten dibandingkan aktif (fase krisis), kesadaran gambaran klinis serangan porphyric, dan pengetahuan tentang intervensi farmakologis yang aman.Persiapan pra operasi pada pasien dengan porphyric meliputi penilaian keseimbangan cairan elektrolit dan status. Teknik anestesi dapat dilakukan regional ataupun anestesi umum tergantung pada kondisi pasien. Premedikasi, teknik anestesi, induksi, pemeliharaan dan pasca anestesi harus yang cukup aman bagi pasien.
Faktor – Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Status Gizi pada Anak Usia 0-23 Bulan Berdasarkan Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Karangayu Kota Semarang
Authors: Andini Erlita Nur , Udiyono Ari , Sutiningsih Dwi , Wuryanto Moh Arie
Published: September 2021

Background: According to UNICEF, half of all deaths of children are caused by malnutrition. The conventional anthropometric index to measure nutritional status is unable to measure the overall prevalence of malnutrition and multiple malnutrition. The solution is to measure it using the Composite Index of Anthropomeric Failure (CIAF). The aim of the study was to analyze the factors that affect the nutritional status of children aged 0-23 months based on Composite Index of Anthropomeric Failure (CIAF).Methods: This research was an observational analytic study with cross-sectional study design. This research was conducted in the working area of Karangayu Health Center with 231 study sample of mothers who have 0-23 months old children (population used as sample). Chi-square and fisher exact test were used as statistical test.Result: Factors associated with the nutritional status of children aged 0-23 months based on the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) were the age of the child (p=0,029); birth length (p=0.005); maternal age during pregnancy (p=0.002); maternal height (p=0.025); gestational age of maternal (p=0.049). While factors unassociated were gender (p=0.997), birth weight (p=0.316), nutritional status of the mother during pregnancy (p=0.232), maternal employment (p=0.614), and education level (p=0.951).Conclusion: Age of child, birth length, maternal age during pregnancy, mother’s height, and gestational age of maternity mothers were factors associated with nutritional status of 0-23 months old children based on CIAF. A dominant factor that affected the nutritional status of children aged 0-23 months was the mother's age during pregnancy.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Ketepatan Waktu Vaksinasi Meningitis pada Jamaah Umrah (Studi di Kota Bengkulu)
Authors: Heriansyah Ernawati , Udiyono Ari , Martini Martini , Saraswati Lintang Dian
Published: September 2021

Background: Meningococcal meningitis is a disease with high morbidity and mortality which, if left untreated, 100% will end in death. Meningitis vaccination is a way to prevent transmission of meningitis in high-risk groups such as Umrah pilgrims. As many as 26.69% of Umrah pilgrims in Bengkulu were late in conducting the meningitis vaccination.Methods: Used is analytic observational research with cross sectional approach. The research sample of 122 people with purposive sampling. Data processing was performed by chi square test by looking at the value of continuity correction and pearson chi-square with α=0.05.Result: There is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge about the time of meningitis vaccination, (p=0,000) and the perseption of role of umrah travel agency (p=0,023) with the timeliness of vaccination. There was no relationship between age (p= 0,328), sex (p=0,998), level of education (p=0,868), type of work (p=1,000), level of knowledge about meningitis (p=0,477), level of knowledge about vaccination meningitis (p=0,903), family support (p=0,083) and distance access to health services (p=0,996) with timely meningitis vaccination in Umrah pilgrims.Conclusion : Knowledge about the timing of vaccination and the perseption of role of umrah travel agency are the main determining factors of the accuracy of meningitis vaccination in Umrah pilgrims.
Prevalence of Genu Valgum in Children Aged 10-12 Years with Excessive Body Weight (Overweight/Obesity) in Sanur Kaja Village, Denpasar
Authors: Putri Vidya Rahmayunissa Swandi , Tianing Ni Wayan , Indrayani Agung Wiwiek , Wibawa Ari , Thanaya Sayu Aryantari Putri
Published: September 2021

Background: Overweight/obesity is a global health problem, both in developed and developing countries and the number of overweight/obese people increases every year. Being overweight during childhood increases the risk of obesity in adulthood and can lead to musculoskeletal disorders, one of which is genu valgum. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of genu valgum in children aged 10-12 years who are overweight/obese in Sanur Kaja Village, Denpasar.Methods: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted at elementary schools in Sanur Kaja Village in April 2019. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. A total of 78 children were included in this study. The univariate analysis in this study was genu valgum, overweight/obesity, age, and gender.Result: The prevalence of genu valgum in children aged 10-12 years in Sanur Kaja Village was 46.7% in overweight children and 53.3% in obese children, with 30 people (38.5%) experiencing genu valgum out of the total sample of 78 people (100%).Conclusion: Based on the result of this study, the incidence of genu valgum was higher in children aged 10-12 years who were obese compared to children with overweight body mass index.  It is recommended that children who are obese and overweight to control their eating patterns, maintain normal body weight, and do enough physical activity.
Analisis Faktor Predisposing Terhadap Pemanfaatan Posyandu Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tegal Binangun Kota Palembang
Authors: Syarkowi Citrasari , Misnaniarti Misnaniarti , Zulkarnain M.
Published: September 2021

Background: The proportion of Posyandu utilization by infants decreases with age of the child. Tegal Binangun Puskesmas has the lowest coverage of posyandu visits (D / S), amounting to 66.30% of 41 puskesmas in Palembang..Methods: An analytical research was conducted with cross sectional design in December 2019 - February 2020. The population of the study was 1,909 children under five years old in the working area of Tegal Binangun Public Health Center in Palembang. The research sample was mothers of toddlers 12 - 59 months in the working area of the Tegal Binangun Public Health Center in Palembang. 189 samples were selected by proportional random sampling. Data collection instruments are data collection papers that contain research variables. Data is taken from questionnaires about respondents' predisposing factors and direct observation of posyandu register books and KIA books. Data were analyzed using chi-square and logistic regression.Result: 153 respondents (81%) with low use of posyandu (0 - 7 times). Statistical tests showed that the age variable <30 years (p = 001. PR = 3,464), variable number of children under five (p = 0.041, PR = 3.509), under five age variables (p = 0.029, PR = 2.806), mother employment status variable ( p = 0.030, PR = 4.675), the mother's last education variable (p = 0.033, PR = 2,421), the mother's knowledge level variable (p = 0,000, PR = 9,100), and the mother's attitude variable (p = 0.005, PR = 3,077) . The knowledge level variable is the most dominant variable influencing the use of posyandu by toddlers aged 12-59 months. The researcher suggests that increasing the participation of all sectors in optimizing the implementation of posyandu.Conclusion : There is a relationship between maternal age, number of toddlers, toddler age, maternal employment status, last education, mother's level of knowledge and mother's attitude towards the use of posyandu
Profil Fitokomponen dan Aktivitas Ekstrak Metanol Daun Intaran Bali (Azadiractha indica Juss.) terhadap Candida albicans ATCC-10231
Authors: Melinda Meylana Ayu , Mahendra Agung Nova
Published: September 2021

Background: Candidiasis, usually caused by Candida albicans is commonly found in clinical settings. Resistance of C. albicans against antifungals is an emerging issue. This study was aimed to determine the selected quantitative phytocomponent profile and evaluate the effectiveness of intaran (Azadiractha indica A. Juss) leaf extract from Bali in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans .Methods: This experimental research was conducted at the Center for Marine Aquaculture Research and Development (Buleleng, Bali), Laboratory Service Unit, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University, and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali. Our study included the preparation of the methanol extract of intaran leaves using maceration method, phytochemical analysis, and testing the antifungal activity of the extract using the diffusion disk assay against C. albicans ATCC-10231.Results: Phytochemical components in the methanol extract of intaran Bali leaves were chlorophyll (18434.47 mg/L), total antioxidants (4818.07 mg/L GAEAC), phenol (4391.16 mg/100gr GAE) and flavonoids (785.32 mg/100gr QE). The extract exhibited dose-dependent effect, with greatest inhibition against C. albicans ATCC-10231 growth was obtained at the concentration of 50%.Conclusion: Methanol extract of Balinese intaran leaves contained significant amount of chlorophyll, total antioxidants, phenol, and flavonoids. The extract showed antifungal activity against C. albicans ATCC-10231. This anticandidal effect is assumed to be related to the phytocomponents of the extract.
Small Interfering RNA (siRNA) of Mini circle DNA Transfection (McD) is Encapsulated by Gold Nanoparticles from Folate’s Receptors of Gold Conjugation as Curative Therapy for Non-Small’s Cell of Lung Cancer
Authors: Indrayani Agung Wiwiek , Sadvika I Gusti Ayu Sitti , Wiguna I Gede Wikania Wira , Remitha Ni Putu Sri Indrani , Sadeva I Gede Krisna Arim , Indrakusuma Anak Agung Bagus Putra , Wulandari Putri Ayu , Dewi Ni Wayan Sucindra
Published: September 2021

Background: Lung cancer is one of the non-communicable diseases that have an increasing number of events that each year with a mortality rate of 18.4% and an incidence of 11.6%, occupies the top position based on GLOBOCAN data in 2018. One of management in the NSCLC is currently in the form of surgery and adjuvant therapy such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and target therapy. However, there were weaknesses and limitations in care for its patients therefore development of curative therapy for NSCLC’s patients were needed.  The aim of this review is to learn and investigate about the potential of siRNA that is transfected into McD and folate receptors alpha-conjugated gold nanoparticle encapsulation as a therapeutic opportunity that could be developed as a treatment in management of NSCLC.Method: The writing method used in this review article was the study method of literature.  The used data comes from 45 of relevant literature sources and was arranged systematically in accordance with the topic of the problem discussed, along with the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Result: This treatment could increase gene transfection, siRNA biodistribution in organs, reduced KRAS, Bcl-2, and VEGF expression.  Moreover, siRNA had entered phase III clinical trials and FOLR1 antibodies were in phase II of clinical trials.Conclusion: Utilization of siRNA specifically was designed for three genes such for KRAS, VEGF and Bcl-2 which were three genes that played a role in the pathogenesis of NSCLC, could be the right modality choice for treatment of NSCLC.
A randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate safety and efficacy of a Unani formulation in the management of Kalaf (Melasma)
Authors: Qaiyyum Ifra Abdul , Nawab Mohammad , Kazmi Munawwar Husain
Published: September 2021

Objectives

Kalaf (Melasma) is an acquired facial hypermelanism. It has direct impact on patient’s quality of life and leads to development of various personality disorders. Lack of effective treatment and recurrences have drawn the attention of researcher to find alternative treatment. This study aimed to evaluate safety and efficacy of a topical Unani formulation in the management of melasma.

Methods

We conducted a prospective randomized controlled clinical study on the participants diagnosed with melasma. The participants (n=72) randomized into test (n=36) and control (n=36) groups. Sixty participants (n=30 in each group) completed the duration of therapy. The participants of the test group were treated with a classical Unani formulation and control group with hydroquinone 4%. The primary end point was change in mean MASI score and secondary end point was improvement in quality of life after eight weeks of treatment.

Results

The Unani formulation reduced 40.5% mean MASI score (17.31 ± 9.58 to 10.28 ± 5.92) in comparison to 32% reduction in mean MASI score (20.58 ± 9.49 to 13.92 ± 7.38) in the control group after eight weeks of treatment. When comparing with baseline the difference in MASI score was found statistically significant in both groups (p<0.05). On intergroup comparison, the change in MASI score between both groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05). In addition, MQOL and DQLI also improved significantly in both groups.

Conclusions

This study concluded that the Unani formulation and the control drug were equally effective and safer in the management of melasma.
Synthesis and structural characterization of a novel 2D supramolecular lead coordination polymer with phenanthroline derivate and adipic acid
Authors: Song Yu , Yan Yu , Zhang Hua , Wang Xiuyan
Published: September 2021

A new metal-organic coordination polymer, [Pb(L)(adip)0.5] (1) was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions by using 1-(1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthrolin-2-yl)naphthalen-2-ol (HL) and adipic acid (H2adip). The complex 1 was characterized by diffraction and elemental analyses. In complex 1, the binuclear [Pb2L2] units were formed by the OH-deprotonation bridging neighboring Pb(II) atoms, and the adipate linked the binuclear [Pb2L2] units to form a symmetric one-dimensional chain. The 1D chain was further extended to the 2D supramolecular layer structure through π-π interactions between the L ligands.
Near-field optical imaging and spectroscopy of 2D-TMDs
Authors: Kim Youngbum , Kim Jeongyong
Published: September 2021

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) are atomically thin semiconductors with a direct bandgap in monolayer thickness, providing ideal platforms for the development of exciton-based optoelectronic devices. Extensive studies on the spectral characteristics of exciton emission have been performed, but spatially resolved optical studies of 2D-TMDs are also critically important because of large variations in the spatial profiles of exciton emissions due to local defects and charge distributions that are intrinsically nonuniform. Because the spatial resolution of conventional optical microscopy and spectroscopy is fundamentally limited by diffraction, near-field optical imaging using apertured or metallic probes has been used to spectrally map the nanoscale profiles of exciton emissions and to study the effects of nanosize local defects and carrier distribution. While these unique approaches have been frequently used, revealing information on the exciton dynamics of 2D-TMDs that is not normally accessible by conventional far-field spectroscopy, a dedicated review of near-field imaging and spectroscopy studies on 2D-TMDs is not available. This review is intended to provide an overview of the current status of near-field optical research on 2D-TMDs and the future direction with regard to developing nanoscale optical imaging and spectroscopy to investigate the exciton characteristics of 2D-TMDs.
An overview of young chemists’ expectations towards the sustainable development of the chemical sector. Opinions that matter
Authors: Dobbelaar Emiel , Richter Janine
Published: September 2021

Young chemists play an important role in the transformation of the chemical sector in the next couple of years. They will have to do the heavy lifting and find the solutions needed for a sustainable tomorrow. Therefore, it is important to give them a voice in what their expectations are, how they believe they should be educated and prepared, and what opportunities they see for implementation levels in different areas to promote sustainable development. To shed light on these often under-represented opinions, young chemists across the globe were asked to express their views on the role and responsibilities of the chemical sector anonymously. The result is a snapshot of how young chemists perceive the future of chemistry and the immediate actions that need to be taken to get there. Throughout all answers, their hopes are expressed that the chemical sector will realize its great role and responsibility in leading and promoting sustainable development, thus limiting global warming, through cooperation with authorities, other sectors, and civil society. In this regard, young chemists do have numerous specific ideas about appropriate measures and are eager to take part in shaping a sustainable future.
Safety assessment of natural products in Malaysia: current practices, challenges, and new strategies
Authors: M. Pauzi Nur Azra , Cheema Manraj S. , Ismail Amin , Ghazali Ahmad Rohi , Abdullah Rozaini
Published: September 2021

The belief that natural products are inherently safe is a primary reason for consumers to choose traditional medicines and herbal supplements for health maintenance and disease prevention. Unfortunately, some natural products on the market have been found to contain toxic compounds, such as heavy metals and microbes, as well as banned ingredients such as aristolochic acids. It shows that the existing regulatory system is inadequate and highlights the importance of thorough safety evaluations. In Malaysia, the National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency is responsible for the regulatory control of medicinal products and cosmetics, including natural products. For registration purpose, the safety of natural products is primarily determined through the review of documents, including monographs, research articles and scientific reports. One of the main factors hampering safety evaluations of natural products is the lack of toxicological data from animal studies. However, international regulatory agencies such as the European Food Safety Authority and the United States Food and Drug Administration are beginning to accept data obtained using alternative strategies such as non-animal predictive toxicological tools. Our paper discusses the use of state-of-the-art techniques, including chemometrics, in silico modelling and omics technologies and their applications to the safety assessments of natural products.
An approach towards the synthesis of lithium and beryllium diphenylphosphinites
Authors: Berthold Chantsalmaa , Thomas-Hargreaves Lewis R. , Ivlev Sergei I. , Buchner Magnus R.
Published: September 2021

The diphenylphosphinites [(THF)Li(OPPh2)]4 and [(THF)2Be(OPPh2)2] have been synthesized via direct deprotonation of diphenylphosphine oxide with
n
BuLi and BePh2, respectively, as well as via salt metathesis. These compounds were characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and the side-products of the reactions obtained under various reaction conditions have been identified. The beryllium derivative could not be isolated and decomposed into diphosphine oxide Ph2PP(O)Ph2. The solid-state structure of this final product together with that of [(THF)Li(OPPh2)]4 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
(−)-Brunneusine, a new phenolic compound with antibacterial properties in aqueous medium from the leaves of Agelanthus brunneus (Engl.) Tiegh (LORANTHACEAE)
Authors: Thomas Wieland Moifo Kuete , Pantaleon Ambassa , Luciane Marlyse Moungang , Bathelemy Ngameni , Thomas Storr E. , Bonaventure Ngadjui Tchaleu , Richard Stephenson G.
Published: September 2021

Agelanthus brunneus (Loranthaceae) is a hemiparasitic plant growing on Senna siamea (Fabaceae). The chemical investigation of its leaves and flowers led to the isolation of one new phenolic compound namely (−)-brunneusine (1), together with 13 known compounds. The crude leaves and flowers extracts (CLE and CFLE) with their ethyl acetate fractions (EAFL and EAFFL) and some isolated compounds (1–3; 8–9 and 11–14) have been tested on four bacterial species of sanitary importance isolated in an aquatic environment. All the samples except compound 3 showed antibacterial activity with MICs ranging from 0.43 to 8.88.103 µg/mL and MBCs from 0.43 to 3.55.103 µg/mL. Compounds 9 and 14 showed better activity on all bacterial species tested with MICs ranging from 0.43 to 27.77 µg/mL. Only CLE, EAFL and compounds 14, 2, 8 and 9 showed bactericidal effects on all bacterial species tested.
Long-term male fertility after treatment with radioactive iodine for differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Nies Marloes , Arts Eus G J M , van Velsen Evert F S , Burgerhof Johannes G M , Muller Kobold Anneke C , Corssmit Eleonora P M , Netea-Maier Romana T , Peeters Robin P , van der Horst-Schrivers Anouk N A , Cantineau Astrid E P , Links Thera P
Published: September 2021

Context

Whilst radioactive iodine (RAI) is often administered in the treatment for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC), long-term data on male fertility after RAI are scarce.

Objective

To evaluate long-term male fertility after RAI for DTC, and to compare semen quality before and after RAI.

Design, setting, and patients

Multicenter study including males with DTC ≥2 years after their final RAI treatment with a cumulative activity of ≥3.7 GBq.

Main outcome measure(s)

Semen analysis, hormonal evaluation, and a fertility-focused questionnaire. Cut-off scores for ‘low semen quality’ were based on reference values of the general population as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Results

Fifty-one participants had a median age of 40.5 (interquartile range (IQR): 34.0–49.6) years upon evaluation and a median follow-up of 5.8 (IQR: 3.0–9.5) years after their last RAI administration. The median cumulative administered activity of RAI was 7.4 (range: 3.7–23.3) GBq. The proportion of males with a low semen volume, concentration, progressive motility, or total motile sperm count did not differ from the 10th percentile cut-off of a general population (P = 0.500, P = 0.131, P = 0.094, and P = 0.500, respectively). Cryopreserved semen was used by 1 participant of the 20 who had preserved semen.

Conclusions

Participants had a normal long-term semen quality. The proportion of participants with low semen quality parameters scoring below the 10th percentile did not differ from the general population. Cryopreservation of semen of males with DTC is not crucial for conceiving a child after RAI administration but may be considered in individual cases.
Maternal sucrose consumption alters behaviour and steroids in adult rat offspring
Authors: Tobiansky Daniel J , Kachkovski George V , Enos Reilly T , Schmidt Kim L , Murphy E Angela , Floresco Stan B , Soma Kiran K
Published: September 2021

Maternal diets can have dramatic effects on the physiology, metabolism, and behaviour of offspring that persist into adulthood. However, the effects of maternal sucrose consumption on offspring remain unclear. Here, female rats were fed either a sucrose diet with a human-relevant level of sucrose (25% of kcal) or a macronutrient-matched, isocaloric control diet before, during, and after pregnancy. After weaning, all offspring were fed a standard low-sucrose rodent chow. We measured indicators of metabolism (weight, adipose, glucose tolerance, and liver lipids) during development and adulthood (16–24 weeks). We also measured food preference and motivation for sugar rewards in adulthood. Finally, in brain regions regulating these behaviours, we measured steroids and transcripts for steroidogenic enzymes, steroid receptors, and dopamine receptors. In male offspring, maternal sucrose intake decreased body mass and visceral adipose tissue, increased preference for high-sucrose and high-fat diets, increased motivation for sugar rewards, and decreased mRNA levels of Cyp17a1 (an androgenic enzyme) in the nucleus accumbens. In female offspring, maternal sucrose intake increased basal corticosterone levels. These data demonstrate the enduring, diverse, and sex-specific effects of maternal sucrose consumption on offspring phenotype.
Rules and mechanism for the oxidation of lignin-based aromatic aldehyde under alkaline wet oxygen
Authors: Deng Haibo , Zhang Hao , Wu Zelong , Tian Xiuzhi , Jiang Xue , Guo Weimin
Published: September 2021

To explore the extensive oxidative mechanism of syringaldehyde, vanillin, and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde during the alkaline wet oxidation process (AWOP), the yield of these aromatic aldehydes from AWOP at various temperatures and reaction times was studied. The results showed that the aromatic aldehydes could not be converted into the corresponding aromatic acids during the AWOP, and that the aromatic aldehyde was stable when subjected to the oxygen-free AWOP. However, as the reaction temperature increased or the number of methoxyl groups on the aromatic ring increased, the yield of aromatic aldehyde sharply decreased during the AWOP. The reason for the decreased yield was that the aromatic aldehyde underwent ring-opening reactions. The possible mechanism of the degradation indicated that the number of methoxyl groups on the phenolic ring determined the stability of the key intermediate of this reaction. The conversion of isoeugenol to vanillin during the AWOP at 60 ºC was > 99%, and the vanillin yield and selectivity were both 69.8%, indicating that the decrease in yield of the product from this degradation of lignin substrate and the product can be reduced or avoided in the AWOP at suitable temperature.