bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of External Noise Produced by Transverse Rumble Strips on Rural Roadways
Authors: Othman Mohd Hanifi , Zaiton Haron , Mohd Yusof Mohd Badruddin , Mohd Rosli Hainin , Yahya Khairulzan , Yaacob Haryati , Azman Shamila
Published: February 2012

Transverse rumble strips (TRS) are widely used by local authority in Malaysia to reduce vehicle speed and alert drivers to any changes on the road. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anticipated community reaction due to the external noise produced by the TRS. The evaluations were carried out through the noise levels measurement, calculation of the TNI and anticipated community response analysis. Measurements of noise level were taken at two locations of a rural roadway that have received complaints from the public i.e Kampung Pengkalan Raja (KPR) and Kilometer 52 (KM52) of Johor Bahru-Pontian federal road, in Pontian District, Johor. Results showed that TRS can increase the level of traffic noise, TNI values, and annoyance response in community. TNI values of 126dB(A) and 119dB(A) for KPR and KM52, respectively were exceeded suggested level of TNI for planning purpose of 74 dB (A) for 3% annoyance from the social surveys. Anticipated annoyance response analysis also indicated that resident in both locations received strong to very strong impact that can lead to vigorous community reaction and this was in agreement with the real reaction from the community.
Experimental Study on the Interface Characteristics of Geogrid-Reinforced Fly Ash
Authors: Shi Wei , Han Jin , Jiang Yuan Hao , Li Yong Bin
Published: February 2012

The technology of Reinforced soil has been widely used in civil engineering, its theory has some development . However, there is nearly any study about the theory of Geogrid-reinforced fly ash .In this paper, study the interface characteristics between fly ash and geogrid through the pull-out test,reach the following conclusions:the size of normal stress and water impact the interface parameters between the geogrid and fly ash;the interface friction coefficient between Geogrid and fly ash is small,adding gravel to fly ash can improve the interface friction coefficient between geogrid and fly ash.
Influence of Material Properties on Hydraulic Conductivity and Strength of Aggregates Used for Pavement Base
Authors: Liu Fu Ming , Wang Duan Yi
Published: February 2012

The hydraulic conductivity and strength of several aggregates (limestone, gravel and recycled concrete) are very important for pavement base construction. To study the influence of fines content on hydraulic conductivity and strength, constant/falling head permeability and CBR tests were performed. The results show that hydraulic conductivity exponentially decreases as fines content increases. Their values were also found to vary significantly as a function of aggregate type, gradation, and density. Particle degradation of recycled concrete aggregates is higher than crushed limestone and gravel, which leads to lower hydraulic conductivity values.
Analysis of Numerical Simulation of Micropiles Reinforcing Shallow Landslide
Authors: He Hui , Liu Yan Bing
Published: February 2012

Based on the predecessors’ achievements and combined with the engineering project of Jinquan temple landslide located in Hanzhong city of Shanxi province, this paper takes international general geotechnical engineering professional analysis software—FLAC3D to do the numerical simulation. The deformation characteristics and mechanical properties of micropiles in lateral loads are researched. Working performance and load transfer rule of micropiles are analyzed. It is useful for the design of micropiles in 3 rows. It also has positive significance on the construction and design of micropiles reinforcing shallow landslide.
Optimal Design Analysis and Research of Technical Parameters of Four-Side and Six-Edge Permeable Frame Group Used for River Control and Bank Protection Engineering
Authors: Zhang Yao Zhe , Cheng Xiang Long , Yang Shi Lei
Published: February 2012

On the basis of summarizing over years’ promotion and application of four-side and six-edge permeable frame group river control, bank protection and erosion control technology, analyse and discuss the issues of promotion and application. Discuss the applicative scope and conditions of this technology, propose the design principles and methods of permeable component group geometric dimension, and analyse the feasibility of building Permeable-Entity and Rigidity-Flexibility compound protection engineering.
New Boundary Treatment in the Finite Element Model Using the Shallow Water Equation
Authors: Jung Tae Hwa
Published: February 2012

Effective numerical technique for treatment of inclined boundary in the finite element method was introduced. Finite element method was frequently used to analyze hydraulic phenomena in the coastal zone because it can be applied to irregular and complex geometry. In this study, we introduced the way to treat the boundary condition over an inclined bottom.
City Optimal Allocation of Water Resources Research Based on Sustainable Development
Authors: Sun Wen , Zeng Zhao Jing
Published: February 2012

The water resources is a complex coupling system,combined with the human social development and living environment. Water resources optimal allocation plays an important role in supporting the whole sustainable development of national economy in Weinan city as the solution about the shortage of urban water resources .In this paper, we take the urban water supply and the water resources system in Weinan city as the research object, through the analysis of the actual data, analyzing the elements and relationships between systems of urban water supply in Weinan city and the characteristics of the water resources project, adopting optimization theory of dynamic programming principle to build the Weinan city water resources optimization allocation model, and puts forward the method of benefit function to obtain the strategy plan for optimal allocation of water resources in the city.
Research on Mechanism of Architectural Wastes Solidified by Alkali-Activated Cement and Fly Ash
Authors: Li Qin , Zhou Xiao Jun , Jiang Zhuo Yin , Sun Ke Wei
Published: February 2012

An comparison research on the effect of pozzolanic reactions of fly ashes in architectural wastes recycle is described in the paper. In the experiment, NaOH and Na2SO4-Ca(OH)2 were used to activate the pozzolanic activities in the fly ashes—cement system to solidify the architectural wastes. The macro and micro testing methods were used to test the compressive strength, phase and electronic micro morphology of the hydration of alkali-activated fly ashes—cement cementitious system. The testing result shows that proper alkali-activated fly ashes—cement cementitious architectural wastes can shorten the incubation time of the pozzolanic reactions of fly ashes, whi ch make the reactions of fly ashes more sufficient. So the hydration products of fly ashes —cement cementitious system with alkali additions were more than those of without alkali add itions, and the compressive strength of the alkali-activated fly ashes—cement cementitious system is higher than that of non alkali-activated fly ashes—cement cementitious system.
Progressive Slide Analysis of Arch Dam Abutment
Authors: Chen Ying Ming
Published: February 2012

Safe analysis of the progressive slide is used to estimate the stability of arch dam. The space stochastic parameters are surveyed through considering the relativity of parameter. The stability reliability analysis can be divided into element, sub-structure or sub-system, system.etc. From element to system calculate abutment’s ability. Sub-structure is composed by elements parallel connection. System is composed by sub-structures in series. The substructure method is applied to study the interaction between arch dam and its abutment. In this paper, the weakness part of abutment was found by cracking analysis of the progressive slide, and the safe evaluation was given.
Similarity Analysis of Chloride Penetration Experiment for Hydraulic Concrete
Authors: Fu Zhao Qi , Huang Jun , Zhang Jun Zhi , Wu Ling Jie , Zhu Yan Dong
Published: February 2012

The correlation of chloride penetration experiment for hydraulic concrete of indoor artificial-climate accelerated tests with field expose tests result was analyzed. The results show that there’s a good similarity of chlorine ion erosion characteristics in hydraulic concrete between the natural environment and artificial-climate environment, indoor artificial-climate accelerated tests can simulate the chloride ions erosion processes of hydraulic concrete under natural environment.
Construction Monitoring Techniques for JU-MA River NO.3 Bridge
Authors: Du Qing , Zhang You Zhong , Song Chang Bai
Published: February 2012

Construction monitoring is a system, especially for long-span pre-stressed concrete continuous rigid frame bridge. Based on the construction control of the right bridge Ju-ma River NO.3 Bridge, this paper has made comprehensive conclusion and detailed discussion in the aspects of construction control method, the basic process of construction control, and bridge construction control survey methods. The findings described herein will provide considerable reference for the construction control of other similar long-span bridges.
Catastrophic Analysis of Nonlinear Response of Arch Dams under the Horizontal Earthquake
Authors: Sun Dun Ben , Ren Qing Wen
Published: February 2012

Abstract. According to the characteristics of large bending deformation produced in the process of vibration due to big high-thickness ratio of arch dam, the principle of total potential energy with stationary value is employed to establish the nonlinear vibration equation based on cantilever beam model to calculate arch dam. By means of catastrophe theory, the jumping and hysteresis phenomena of the vibration amplitude of the dam are analyzed, and the factors which cause instability and the parameter range of stable region are discussed. The analysis results show that response behaviors of dam are very sensitive to the change of system parameters, but catastrophic behaviors disappear and pseudo-linear characteristics arise when system parameters are selected rationally. The results obtained in the paper are of significant value for understanding the damage mechanism of arch dams subjected to earthquake, as well as guiding the design of arch dams
Resistance Analysis and Experiment of Excavator during Digging Operation
Authors: Liao Li Da , He Qing Hua , Zhang Da Qing , Zheng Hai Hua
Published: February 2012

To research the actual resistance for excavator in digging process, the relationship between manipulator motion, cylinder pressure and digging resistance was analyzed. On this basis, the equation for calculating digging resistance of excavator was proposed. By using tension sensor, a digging resistance test was done under the actual digging movement environment. And the obtained inclination angle and hydraulic cylinder signal data were imported into digging resistance calculation equation to get a calculation resistance. After comparing the calculation resistance with the tension sensor readings, the following conclusions can be derived: this calculation equation can reflect effectively the size and dynamic process of actual resistance during digging operation, and it can describe the instantaneous changes and impact status of real resistance much better can the empirical equation in which the resistance is directly proportional to the digging depth.
Research on Mechanical Model and Fatigue Crack of Tubular Joint
Authors: Yan Diao
Published: February 2012

When the tubular joint is under stress, the stressed conditions on the intersection line are rather complicated. This article proposes to establish a cylindrical coordinated system for the stress on a tubular joint with axial direction, radical direction and circumferential direction as directions of coordinate axis. The system resolves the stress on points of the line of intersection along those three directions and establishes a mechanical analysis model for the stress on the tubular joint based on that. Besides, with combination of conditions of fatigue cracks of tubular joint, effective tensile stress specific to I-shape cracks are put forward and relevant mechanical formula are deduced accordingly. By taking fatigue tests of tubular joints of CaoEJiang Bridge as examples, the article also works out the position of the maximum geometrical value of stress on the line of intersection of tubular joint with applications of mechanical models and computational formula presented in the paper and compares the position with the result of test to explain the result of test.
Optimization and Characteristics of Copper Pickling Wastewater Treatment in a Single Reactor Using Bio-Electrode Process
Authors: Yang Guo Jing , Chen Shuang Shuang , Wu Wei Hong , Zhou Jian
Published: February 2012

The process optimization and characteristics of electrode-biofilm for the treatment of copper pickling wastewater in the self-designed reactor were experimentally investigated. Carbon electrodes were installed in the reactor as the anode and cathode and denitrifying microorganisms were fixed on the surface of the cathode. The results showed that neutralization, copper ion removal, denitrification proceeded simultaneously and no secondary pollution existed. The removal rate of total nitrogen and copper ion in the effluent water reached 98% and 97% at 30mg/L of copper ion concentration and 100mg/L of nitrate nitrogen when the conditions were controlled at temperature 35°C, current density 0.1mA/cm2, hydraulic retention time 11h and C/N ration 1.07. The pH value of the treated water was increased almost to neutral. In addition, copper ion solution of certain concentration and purity could be made by exchanging the polarity of anode and cathode to recycle copper in this research.
A Study on Water-Saving and "Trend Zero" Emission Measures in Nylon Chemical Company
Authors: Wu Jun Feng , Yang Guo Zhou
Published: February 2012

The situation was analyzed in this paper about the wastewater treatment of the nylon chemical engineering. According to the types and characteristics of the industrial water, the processes were improved including cooling water, condensate water, desalination water and wastewater. The results indicated that the recycling efficiency was increased and the unreasonable emissions were reduced, which were beneficial to save water, reduce production costs and reduce pollution to the environment.
The Experimental Research on the Variable Loading System of LM18.20 Coal Mill
Authors: Ji Xiao Bin , Qi Xue Yi , Ji Xiao Ming , Wang Ling
Published: February 2012

The paper research the loading methods of medium-speed coal mill and the variable loading system of LM18.20 coal mill. The experiment result has shown that using variable hydraulic loading system can make the coal mill running steadily with stable output under varies output conditions; and the mill's loading range is extended; the mill power consumption and wear rate of grinding parts are reduced.
The Influence of Industry Analysis Value to Combustion Characteristics for Pellet Fuel
Authors: Ren Min Na , Cui Yong Zhang , Li Xiao , Qu Yun Xia , Zhang Lin Hua
Published: February 2012

The biomass pellet fuel has the advantages of easily to be stored and transported，convenie -ntly to be used，clean and environmental friendly as well as high combustion efficiency. On the fou -ndation of studying combustion process, this paper obtained the industry analysis values of eight kinds of biomass pellet fuels by experiment. Combined with fire indicator of Fu-Zhang and combus -tion characteristics indicator of Yan Niu, the values of FZ and ZM are calculated, and then it is obtained that the decorative paper has the minimum ignition temperature, contrary the rice husk has the highest ignition temperature. Finally, by observing the morphology of ash after the burning of fuel combustion, it is pointed out that with increasing temperature from 740°C to 920°C, gray color of pell -et fuel gradually from black to white, hardness gra -dually hardened by the soft, even coke residue.
Overview of Experimental Study and Theoretical Analysis of Concrete Beams after High Temperature
Authors: Zhao Dong Fu , You Zuo Kai , Liu Dong Dong
Published: February 2012

After high temperature, mechanical properties and fire-resistant performance of concrete members has become one of the hotspots of study on fire resistance of structures. In this paper, the deficiencies of concrete beams at elevated temperature test and theoretical analysis are pointed out, the future prospects of concrete beams at elevated temperature is disscussed, some key problems are proposed to solve in the future.
Structure and Deflection Analysis of a New Assembled Floor
Authors: Li Qing Ning , Li Li Jun , Jiang Wei Shan
Published: February 2012

For assembly monolithic floor, this paper presents a new idea, that is "precast concrete hollow slab + post-pouring belt ". It reduces the cast layer on the traditional laminated board. The post-pouring belt is pour in the joint parts of beam and board, board and board in order to realize the integrity and ensure the whole stiffness of the floor. In this paper, the vertical force performance of the assembly integral floor is analyzed by using ANSYS finite element program, and the result is contrasted with experiment. A reasonable calculation method of the fabricated floor deflection is suggested.
Dynamic Inversion Study of Soil Mechanical Parameters in Wuhan Metro Gold Garden Station Foundation Pit
Authors: Feng Yi Fang , Zhang Hua Zhi
Published: February 2012

Based on the deep foundation pit works of Wuhan Metro Line 2 Gold Garden station, orthogonal test method, finite difference method and BP neural network method are synthetically used to do the inverse analysis study of mechanical parameters of foundation pit. The mechanical parameters are substituted in the finite difference process of deep foundation pit to simulate and calculate. The deformation and bearing situation of building enclosure and soil in the construction process of foundation pit is acquired, which is returned to the design and construction management to provide reference for design modification, construction optimization and engineering prediction, to ensure the security and stability of foundation pit and to greatly reduce investment outlay.
Dynamic Calculation of MDOF Systems Based on GIS
Authors: Qiang Pei , Chen Er Liang , Zhao Xiao Dong
Published: February 2012

The paper presents an integration of a Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multiple Degree of Freedom (MDOF) model for structural dynamic calculations. The input data of MDOF is stored in the format of spatial data model in GIS with 2D and 3D with the help of Google SketchUp. The output data of MDOF can be viewed in both 2D graph and 3D visualization after simulation calculation in GIS. A case study of dynamic response of campus buildings is presented to illustrate how the GIS-coupled system has been developed. Results show that the proposed GIS-model integrated system can perform a large number of dynamic responses of MDOF affected by earthquakes, promote better earthquake resistant behavior of building structure in urban regions, and thus optimize hazard assessment, vulnerability estimation and seismic risk reduction.
The Optimization Models of Selecting Central Emergency Shelter Based on Ideal Point
Authors: Chu Jian Yu , Ma Dan Xiang , Su You Po
Published: February 2012

The selection of central emergency shelter site is the key to setting emergency shelter system in cities or towns. Nine central emergency shelter indexes have been examined based on evaluation indicators including land safety, size of site and disaster prevention and rescue facilities, and thus evaluation criteria are established. This paper proposes a single-object location model based on the weights of known properties of an ideal point according to the criterion of pessimism. This model can reduce decision-making risks and simplify the process of finding a solution. Finally, the effectiveness of this model is tested taking the selection of a central emergency shelter in a city as an example.
Forest Fire Disaster Area Prediction Based on Genetic Algorithm and Support Vector Machine
Authors: Xiao Fang
Published: February 2012

Forest fire disaster area prediction based on genetic algorithm and support vector machine is presented in the paper.Genetic algorithm is used to select appropriate parameters of support vector machine. Genetic algorithm can obtain the optimal solution by a series of iterative computations.The forest fire disaster area data in Jiangxi Province from 1970 to 1997 are used as our research data. The comparison of the forest fire disaster area forecasting results between the proposed GA-SVM model and the SVM model is given,which indicates that the proposed GA-SVM model has more excellent forest fire disaster area forecasting results than the SVM model.
Study on First-Floor Isolated Structure with Metallic Damper
Authors: Ji Jin Bao , Ni Zhi Wei , Du Yang Yang , Fu Yang Qiang
Published: February 2012

As an advancing isolation technology, the first-floor isolated structure can take full use of the first-floor space, and has been promoted in southern China gradually. To study the isolation effect of the first-floor isolated structure and to improve the damping rate of it, a seven-story structural model with laminated rubber bearings and metallic dampers installed on the top of first-floor columns was studied by shaking table tests and finite element analysis using SAP2000 API. The results of the tests and analysis show that the isolation technology with metallic dampers can reduce the seismic response of the upper structure significantly.
The Response Surface Method of Quadratic Polynomials for Reliability Analysis of Plate on Elastic Foundation
Authors: Kong Xu Guang , Liu Jun Qing
Published: February 2012

This paper analyzed the board of reliability on the elastic half space model. Considered the random of the larger variability parameters, such as foundation, board, load, the paper studied the reliability of this issue application of the response surface method of quadratic polynomials. This paper analyzed the influence of the random parameter variability on the reliability index β and failure probability, obtained some useful conclusions and had some engineering referencing.
The Practical Formula of Ground Vibration Attenuation Induced by the Parallel Vehicles on a Ring Road
Authors: Hu Wei Bing , Li Xiao Fan
Published: February 2012

In this paper, based on the transient moving load equivalent radius, multiple non-point source within as multiple small non-point source, ground vibration amplitude for multiple small non-point attenuation stack, on the basis of considering the ground more than car parallel, will vehicle load simplified as parallel concentrated load, according to the harmonic waves equivalent radius, considering different soil types of geometric attenuation coefficient, gives a practical formulas with ring road of ground vibration attenuation caused by parallel vehicles. And through the comparison between the Xi’an bell Tower ring road traffic vibration decays monitoring and calculation results, the practical formulas are verified.
Experimental Study on Behaviour of RC Column Confined by CFRP and Steel Fibre
Authors: Li Xiao Xia
Published: February 2012

12 RC columns specimens are divided 4 groups which have different eccentricities. Each group has 4 specimens, The first specimen was just made of reinforced concrete. The second was wrapped with 3 lays CFRP. The third had steel fibres added to it. The last was reinforced with steel fibres and wrapped with CFRP.The results showed that the introduction of fibres as well as wrapping the specimens with FRP improve the strength of concrete,especially its ductility.
The study on Elevation Control Survey for Ancient Architecture Protection
Authors: Lv Cai Zhong , Liao Xiao Hui , Zhan Zhong Da
Published: February 2012

Elevation control survey was the foundation of the surveying for ancient architecture profile and facade. The traditional survey method of closed leveling line had many defects such as its workload was big; its calculating office work was complex and so on. The new method used many control points existing in reality, then sublevel surveyed independently. The new method also used the traditional adjustment method and weighting adjustment method. It accelerated the survey progress and increased the survey precision.
High-Rise Building Standard Floor Strut Frame System Stress Variation Analysis
Authors: Ding Ke Wei , Wang Ling
Published: February 2012

Based on the Yunding project as the project background, according to the strut frame system of the force change and laminates of the force, used the mechanics and finite element method, to reveal the mechanical part of the strut frame system mechanism, measured by instruments in the field. General standard for the high-rise building design and construction of the layers of backstop program provides theory and example for reference in the future projects.
Study the Influences of Stud Fittings in Composite Beams under Reciprocating Load
Authors: Xu Wei , Wang Hao , Zhang Xue Fei
Published: February 2012

This paper research on performance analysis of the steel and concrete composite beams under repeated load according to the test results, theoretic analysis and computer simulation, Study the stud fitting changing to the influence of the composite beams. Using finite element software on computer to beam vertical displacement reciprocating load，Step by step as integral structure the elasto-plastic dynamic response analysis, in-depth analysis of steel and concrete composite beams research for elasto-plastic seismic response.
The Random Response Analysis of Structure Subjected to Non-Stationary Seismic Excitation
Authors: Wu Hao , Zhang Xun An
Published: February 2012

The evolutionary power spectrum which can reflect the non-stationary characteristics of earthquake ground motion is estimated by the Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT), and with reference to the experiential statistical method, an evolutionary spectrum prediction model for given earthquake magnitude and distance is established based on the 121 near-source acceleration records at rock surface with large magnitude from the ground motion database of western U S. The pseudo excitation method is adopted to acquire the solution for structure random response under specific non-stationary seismic excitation. The results demonstrate that the non-stationary contents included in seismic excitation will enlarge greatly the random response of structure in comparison with uniform modulation random excitation.
The Mechanism of TBM Cutter Wear in Mixed Ground
Authors: Gao Ming Zhong , Li Chao , Shi Xiang Chao
Published: February 2012

The TBM cutter wear causes not only low performance of tunneling but also the additional cost of cutter discs and potential safety hazard in construction. Excessive cutter wear and replacement were observed in tunneling with a TBM through sandy cobble stratum in Chengdu metro Line 1. Comparison with other geological layer, the ground has leaded to more cutter wear. Moreover, the form of wear is great varieties which include flat wear, multi-flat wear, eccentric wear and cutter bearing breakage etc. Based on the statistical analysis, general rule can be found that the number of cutter wear or replacement increases along the outer radial direction of the cutterhead. This paper has adopted the engineering analog method and theoretical research to study the mechanism of cutter wear. There are three forces acting on the cutter, namely the normal force, the rolling force and the side force. Thereinto, the high shock the normal force and random side force are primary causes of cutter wear. Putting the engineering geology and field survey into consideration, the immediate causes could be as follows: ①There are more hard cobble stone with high quartz contents in the layer; ②When the cutter traversed from soft soil to hard rock, very high shock loads can be imposed on the cutter assembly; ③The roller cutters sometimes were blocked and resulted in flat wear because of muck cake in the centre part of the chamber. In a word, the main causes of cutter wear are geological condition. By analyzing the TBM performance, the soil conditioning should be highlighted for the pebbles with sand matrix layers. Soil conditioning not only improves the flow of muck, control of earth pressure, face stability, but also reduces cutter, cutterhead and screw conveyor wear. The results are to be applied to a tunneling project where such ground condition was encountered
Tests of Mechanical Characteristics of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Wall-Beams Simply Supported
Authors: Qi Su , Jiang Song Bai , Liu Nian , Wu Wei
Published: February 2012

The characteristics of crack load, failure load, crack and deflection of steel fiber reinforced concrete wall-beams simply supported have been studied though the tests of 12 steel fiber reinforced concrete wall-beams simply supported specimens. The upper steel of joists changing from tensile reinforcement to compressive reinforcement, neutral axis moving from joists to walls and phenomenon of stress redistribution in wall-beams with the increase of external load have been found; the optimum mixing amount of steel fiber has been determine and the increase rate of crack load and failure load comparing steel fiber reinforced concrete wall-beams simply supported with ordinary ones has been raised. It is good for the practical constructions application that steel fiber increases the ductility of simply supported wall-beams.
Test Study on Size Effect of Flexural Performance of RC Free Beams
Authors: Zhou Hong Yu , Du Xiu Li , Li Zhen Bao , Wang Wen Jing
Published: February 2012

Experimental studies on size effect of flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams are not carried out fully. Standard values are based on test results of small-size components, which are different from large-size components in practical engineering. For size effect on quasi-brittle materials such as concrete, related researches have been carried out for many years, but related test study combined with concrete structures or components are not sufficient. This article is based on experimental study of 13 reinforced concrete free beams, obtaining test data during different loading stage, such as carrying capacity, deflection, steel and concrete strain etc. Test results show that size effect of flexural behavior of RC free beams is mainly reflected in reinforcement yielding stage and concrete crushing stage. The negative size effect due to concrete material is not significant. Yet internal force arm and longitudinal reinforcement have a positive size effect on flexural behavior, strength and ductility reserves show a growing trend with specimen size increasing. The safety of calculation theory of bearing capacity in code is verified indirectly.
Temperature Stress Monitor and Computation on Foundation Mass Concrete Construction Process
Authors: Liu Jing Hong , Liu Xiao Hua , Zhou Yi Shu
Published: February 2012

The common quality questiones in mass concrete construction are temperature crack. Tensile stress producted in concrete when the temperature deformations were constrainted by internal and external impacted. Temperature stress is the main reason leading to cracks in concrete. Union Nanyang Cement Branch in the second phase 6000 t / day cement clinker production line. Through the foundation mass concrete temperature and strain monitoring and thermal stress calculations. Crack control measures were made for mass concrete construction.
Research on Digital Image Based Displacement Measurement Method
Authors: Hong Nian Song
Published: February 2012

As the characteristics of high precision and non-contact measurement, digital photogrammetry technology is widely applied to displacement engineering measurement. On the basis of digital photogrammetry theory and the digital image processing technology, the main work of this paper is to find a method on displacement measurement method based on digital image which includes the key technology of feature points coordinates extraction from digital image and the algorithm of displacement measurement.
Relative Importance of Key Performance Indicators of Construction Projects towards Buildability at Design Stage
Authors: Nourbakhsh Mehdi , Mydin Shaik Hussein , Zin Rosli Mohamad , Zolfagharian Samaneh , Irizarry Javier , Zahidi Mardiyah
Published: February 2012

Buildability seeks to improve efficiency of the overall building process by developing construction sensitive designs. The objective of this study is to investigate the relative importance of the key performance indicators of construction projects with respect to buildability at the design stage in the Malaysian construction industry. To achieve this objective, a questionnaire survey was distributed among key construction personnel to identify the most common buildability attributes in Malaysia. Then, an interview with eight construction professionals was conducted to compare the common buildability attributes with project performance criteria such as time, cost, quality, safety, and environment. The results reveal the equal importance of time and cost for buildability of the building, followed by quality, safety, and the environment.
Qualitative Assessment of Chloride and Sulphate Influence on Soil Corrosivity
Authors: Md Noor Norhazilan , Othman Siti Rabeah , Nordin Yahaya , Lim Kar Sing , Abdullah Arman
Published: February 2012

External corrosion is a corrosion phenomenon due to the environment or surrounding of the structure. This paper discusses on the influence of chloride and sulphate element on corrosion resistance of steel coupon buried underground. The coupons were placed underground at seven different locations of various soil compositions covering east-coast of Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 132 of steel coupons were installed in a 1.0m-hole and exposed to the subsoil environment for a period of 12-months whereby a periodic retrieval of the coupon were done for every 3-months so that the dynamic growth of metal loss can be measured continuously over time. Soil resistivity test were conducted on the selected sites to determine its corrosiveness level. Parameters such as sulphate and chloride content were measured to correlate with the actual metal loss of buried steel coupons. Site with the highest content of chloride and sulphate yields the most severe loss of metal volume. The findings show that chloride and sulphate contents are highly influential upon corrosion growth rate.
Influence of Corrosion Inhibitor on Marine Concrete Corrosion Rate
Authors: Qin Xian Ming , Yan Chao , Li Yue , Zhao Juan
Published: February 2012

Corrosion inhibitor have a significant influence on corrosion rate of marine concrete. In this paper, linear polarization method is used in reinforced concrete that under marine environment, and reinforced concrete is mixed with corrosion inhibitor. The results show that: corrosion inhibitor has a little influence on the basic mechanical properties of reinforced concrete, and it can effectively improve the corrosion resistance ability of reinforced concrete. For reinforced concrete of the same corrosion inhibitor content, with the decline of water-cement ratio, the steel corrosion rate descends; in a certain content range , with the increase of corrosion inhibitor content, the corrosion rate of reinforced concrete decreases evidently.
Strength Studies of High Performance Concrete with Fly-Ash and Gangue
Authors: Meng Yun Fang , Tan Ya Yun , Li Rui
Published: February 2012

The main purpose of this research was to enhance the strength and durability of concrete in both design and construction of high performance concrete. Particularly, the strength in high performance concrete is achieved by optimising the gangue, fly ash and silica fume replacement for cement. The gangue has been used as a cementitious material. Using data from tests on laboratory studies, comparisons are made of the properties and performance of the gangue, fly ash and silica fume concrete with conventional Portland cement concrete of similar and same mixture proportions. The many technical benefits available to high performance concrete user, such as reduced heat evolution, lower permeability and higher strength at later ages, at the same time, in order to increase resistance to sulphate attack and alkali silica reaction. A number of recommendations are given for the effective use of gangue and fly ash in high performance concrete. The results show that 10% gangue, 15% slag, 15% fly ash, 10% silica fume of replacement was found to be an optimum level and demonstrated excellent performance in strength. Literature review on the use of different supplementary cementitious materials in concrete to enhance strength was also reported. The paper is intended to provide guidance for those concerned with the design, application and performance of high properties concrete in practice where gangue and fly ash can also help to reduce costs and energy demands in the production of concrete compared with conventional Portland cement concrete.
Numerical Integration Technique in Computation of Extended Finite Element Method
Authors: Wang Feng , Zhang Di , Yu Jing , Xu Hui
Published: February 2012

The extended finite element method (XFEM) is the most effective numerical method to solve discontinuous dynamic problems so far. It makes research within a standard finite element framework and reserves all merits of CFEM. In other side, it needs not mesh repartition to geometric and physical interface. Numerical integration techniques of the XFEM computation are studied, including displacement mode of the XFEM, control equation and infirm solution form of discontinuous medium mechanics problem, region scatteration, element integral strategy.
Viscoplastic Analysis of Mixed Polygonal Granular Material
Authors: Chen Hui Liang , Wu Yu Ching
Published: February 2012

In this paper, a series of mixed visco-plastic analyses for assembles of three types of asphalt are made using finite element method. Governing equations are derived for motion and deformation for particles, including coupling of rigid body motion and deformation for deformable bodies. Nonlinear viscous analysis is made for the assemblies using an implicit discrete element method. Among particles, three different contact types, cohering, rubbing and sliding, are taken into account. The numerical model is applied to simulate the compaction of aggregates consisting of mixed particles of different nonlinear viscous incompressible material. After minor modification, the application of the proposed numerical model to industry is possible.
A Simplified Numerical Method of Composite Foundation for the Circular Basis
Authors: Liu Xiao Wen , Geng Xiao Mu
Published: February 2012

It is very difficult to analysis three-dimensional model of composite foundation because there are many unit numbers if piles, soil and plate unit are divided separately. three-dimensional problem is made into the axisymmetric finite element model and numerical analysis is more convenient as the periphery piles of the group piles into the pile system " equivalent ring " . Eamples shows the conclusion is reasonable and the simplified model is feasible.
Numerical Simulation of Subway Station Constructed Using Top-Down Method
Authors: Wang Tie Cheng , Du Xing Hua , Zhao Hai Long
Published: February 2012

This paper mainly deals with the stress and deformation behavior of the subway station structure during the excavation, the construction of the station constructed using top-down method is simulated with ANSYS. The research results show that the diaphragm wall, column and horizontal plate uplift and sink alternately under the influence of foundation rebound, gravity and construction load. Under the influence of lateral soil pressure and horizontal plate, the horizontal deformation curves of the diaphragm wall is similar to bow at first and then to s shape. The huge horizontal stiffness of the plate can control the horizontal deformation of the diaphragm wall effectively. The most disadvantageous positions of internal force in each condition are shown finally, and the results can be referenced by similar engineering.
Research on Constitutive Equation for Steel Wire Wound Reinforced High-Pressure Hose
Authors: Gu Fan , Li Ning , Sun Li
Published: February 2012

According to the features of reinforced layer of steel wire wound reinforced high-pressure hose (hereinafter referred to as SRH), 9 classical models for predicting the engineering elastic modulus of reinforced layer of continuous filament reinforced composite material were contrastively analyzed. As a result, Chinese engineering empirical formula should be conformable for predicting the engineering elastic constants of SRH reinforced layer in material normal coordinates. Based on composite microscopic theory and tensor theory, constitutive equation of SRH reinforced layer in structural cylindrical coordinates in three-dimensional case was obtained.
Study on Damage of Rock Samples with Single-Hole under Uniaxial Compression Condition
Authors: Xie Bing , Tong Huai Feng , Xia Xiang
Published: February 2012

Numerical specimens with single-hole is established by particle flow code PFC2D and uniaxial compression tests are conducted. Studies have shown that uniaxial compressive strength of specimen with single hole is less than complete specimens. As the holes move to the end of specimen, the uniaxial compressive strength first increases and then tends to decrease.
Numerical Simulation and Analysis of Penetrating Concrete Slabs
Authors: Fu Yu , Peng Yun , Yao Yong
Published: February 2012

By using the FEM code LS-DYNA, Hanchak’s test of penetrating concrete slabs was simulated with two concrete models respectively. The two models were K&C and HJC (MAT72R3 and MAT111) which have been added the maximum principal strain as a material erosion criterion. The impact response of concrete slab and projectile has been compared with the test data for different models with the different control parameter settings, and finally, the optimal model and the parameter settings were determined.
Image Mosaic Algorithm Study
Authors: Yang Gang
Published: February 2012

In order to improve the veracity and speed of image mosaic, Gave a template matching algorithm based on area of picture. The algorithm inherited many merits of the image matching algorithm based on area and improved speed of matching. It firstly defined mode in an image, then searched best similarity match in another image, Got the translation parameters between the images, ranged and matched images based parameters,and dealt with the overlapping of smoothing, so it improved the speed and image mosaics effect.Fially the validity of algorithm was checked in visual C++.
Behaviour of Composite Beam of CFST Truss with Diagonal Web Members
Authors: Wang Jing Feng , Zheng Zhong Ming , Wu Zu Lie , Zhou Jie
Published: February 2012

This paper presents the results of an experimental program for a novel composite beam of concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) truss with diagonal web members. This paper investigated the static performance and failure modes of the composite beam. Load-deformation relationships and deflection regulation of the test beam were obtained and its performance was evaluated in terms of its stiffness and bearing capacity. The strain distribution within critical components was also analyzed. The experimental results showed that the composite beam of CFST truss with diagonal web members has high strength and ductility performance. It markedly improves the stiffness and strength of the composite beam of CFST truss with straight web members
Normal Section Bearing Capacity of Light Weight Aggregate Concrete Member with Circular Section under Eccentric Compression
Authors: Liu Xiao Hong , Cheng Ji , Jang Ii Young , Park Jong Kwon , Zhao Fei Peng , Zhai Yu Hua , Liu Ya Feng , Yun Ying Wei
Published: February 2012

According to the nonlinear stress-strain relationship of LAC (lightweight aggregate concrete), in this paper whole process theoretical analysis on normal section bearing capacity has been done on lightweight aggregate reinforced concrete member with circular section under eccentric compressive loading. Fundamental equation of numerical iteration is established for normal section bearing capacity of LAC member with circular section under eccentric compressive loading, which provides theoretical basis for concerned calculation simplification.
Reliability Analysis of Circular Concrete-Filled Steel Tube with Material and Geometrical Nonlinearity
Authors: Xu Teng Fei , Xiang Tian Yu , Zhan Yu Lin , Zhao Ren Da
Published: February 2012

Most of the previous researches on the concrete-filled steel tube are restricted to deterministic approach. To give a clearer insight about random properties of circular concrete-filled steel tube, reliability analysis is carried in the present study. Material and geometrical nonlinear analysis of a circular concrete-filled steel tube is performed with a three-dimensional degenerated beam element, which can efficiently obtain the structural nonlinear responses. Through the combination of first order reliability method and nonlinear finite element analysis, the reliability about ultimate resistance capacity of the concrete-filled steel tube is investigated. The influences of parameters such as material strength, slenderness, initial geometrical imperfection, and etc. on reliability of circular concrete-filled steel tube column are studied. Some conclusions obtained from reliability analysis may be beneficial for rational analysis and design of the concrete-filled steel tube in practical engineer structures.
Strain Mode Damage Detection in Reinforced Concrete Beams Application
Authors: Wu Jia Quan , Yao Ji , Li Hong Yan , Cao Liang , Ma Kun
Published: February 2012

This paper describes the strain mode damage detection theory and a three-dimensional reinforced concrete beams finite element model was built by finite element software. The different degree injury models tests were compared. Experiment’s results show that the first four natural frequencies of different degree injury models are small differences while the corresponding strain modes have a significant changed in damage location. The structure of the strain mode changes are still evident when structural damage occurred in the strain mode node.
Elasto-Plastic Design of Piled Raft Foundation
Authors: Han Ai Hong , Zheng Hui Jun
Published: February 2012

When the loading sustained by the foundation is large, employing piled raft foundation is one of the best solutions. In the elasto-plastic design of piled raft, piles could improve the differential settlement and reduce raft thickness. As the raft sustains high earth and water pressures, by reducing the span length of raft and excavation depth, one can get economic design. Using elasto-plastic property of the pile is a better method to avoid increasing the pile length and pile diameter and making full capacity of the piled raft foundation in design compared to normal piled raft. With adoption of few small diameter piles, the raft thickness could be reduced significantly. This makes it much better than raft foundation.
Study on Aseismic Behavior of Shear Wall with Frame Column in the Large Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Shen Zhao Wu , Wang She Liang , Zhao Xiang
Published: February 2012

In order to analyze aseismic behavior of the high reinforced concrete (R.C.) shear wall with frame column in the large thermal power plant, the model structure has been taken test with method of low frequency cyclic repeated load that has 1/15 scaling factor to practical structure. At same time the model has been analyzed by the finite element method which takes the Hognestad concrete constitutive model and ideal elastic-plasticity steel reinforcement constitutive equation. It has been found that the hysteretic curve is relatively full and energy dissipation capacity is better through the experiment. The bearing capacity, deformation and fracture results to the Shear wall of finite element analysis are closely with the test results. In general, the R.C. shear wall with frame column in the large thermal power plant has good aseismic performance. The finite element method can be taken to analyzed the similarity structure.