bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The conception of time in Classical Confucianism
Authors: Leung Yat-hung
Published: September 2023

This article focuses on the two types of conception of time, namely, the time of history and the time of ethics. The former is a conception of time that one views or situates one’s lifetime in or with history, whereas the latter a time of our personal lifetime interrupted by the intervention of the other and the accompanied ethical significance. This article argues that Classical Confucianism has interesting specifications of these two conceptions of time. In particular, it shows a correspondence and interaction between the two. Then, it is not difficult to catch up with what our tradition has been aiming at through ethical practices, and the tradition in turn prompts us to be ethical.
Textualidade, oralidade e materialidade: reflexões sobre hermenêutica e arqueologia
Authors: Wu Roberto
Published: September 2023

Quais os limites da contribuição da hermenêutica de Hans-Georg Gadamer aos estudos arqueológicos? Tal questão, aparentemente marginal e de somenos, pois suscitada pela sua aplicabilidade em outra área de conhecimento, toca, segundo nos parece, as esferas fundamentais da realização da linguisticidade (textualidade, escrita, oralidade, corporeidade e arte) e conduz a uma reflexão sobre o estatuto do vestígio (ou rastro), tema que parece mostrar certos entraves em sua proposta filosófica. Uma análise sobre a abordagem gadameriana de vestígio mostra que tal conceito é submetido à ordem da textualidade, o que implica que a produtividade de sentido advinda da materialidade possua um caráter secundário. Em vista disso, o presente artigo aventa a hipótese de que a tese gadamariana sobre a linguisticidade não é imediatamente ajustável à arqueologia oriunda da cultura material e conclui sugerindo que o vestígio possui um caráter pré-reflexivo que ultrapassa os limites da textualidade.
A Two-Tuple Linguistic Model for the Smart Scenic Spots Evaluation
Authors: Tang Li
Published: September 2023

The evaluation on the level of smart scenic spots is crucial in the planning and development of smart tourism destinations. However, existing evaluation approaches for smart scenic spots lack scientific rigor and practical applicability. To address this issue, this study proposes a comprehensive evaluation method that combines qualitative analysis and quantitative calculation to establish a weighted index system for assessing the level of smart scenic spots. The approach utilizes a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, integrating linear weighted comprehensive evaluation methods, fuzzy mathematics, and the concept of two-tuple. Moreover, the concept of level eigenvalue is introduced to facilitate the evaluation of smart scenic spots. The proposed two-tuple model and evaluation method demonstrate strong operability, applicability, and promotional potential, as evidenced through example calculations and analysis.
When infection strikes the heart: identifying and treating non-rheumatic streptococcal myocarditis in a young man with chest pain and concurrent streptococcal pharyngitis
Authors: Mihevc Matic
Published: September 2023

Pharyngitis and tonsillitis are common reasons for seeking medical care. While mostly viral, Streptococcus pyogenescauses 5-20% of adult cases. Non-rheumatic streptococcal myocarditis is a distinct form of myocarditis associated with streptococcal infection and has clinical features resembling acute coronary syndrome. It mainly affects young men and can lead to significant complications, including sudden cardiac death. We present a case of a young man with non-rheumatic streptococcal myocarditis that developed three days after streptococcal pharyngitis. This is the first documented case in which a treatment approach using a combination of benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin, perindopril, and bisoprolol, followed by extended therapy with extencillin, resulted in a rapid improvement in the patient's cardiac function and general health. The insights gained from this case offer valuable guidance for managing similar conditions in the future.
Implementation of EMDR(R) with cancer patients
Authors: Peters Elzabe , Wissing Marie P. , Du Plessis Wynand F.
Published: September 2023

Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR(R)), developed in 1987 and proved highly effective in treating psychological disturbances rooted in traumatic memories. It was hypothesised that EMDR(R) would enhance coping in patients traumatised by a cancer diagnosis and / or treatment, as indicated by their subjective responses and levels of depression, anxiety, satisfaction with life, positive-negative affect balance and sense of coherence. A descriptive multiple case-study method was implemented. Three cases were treated by EMDR(R) and three by a supportive method. Data collection was triangulised in terms of semi-structured interviews, quantitative measuring instruments and interviews by an external validator. Findings were consistently in favour of EMDR(R). The results confirmed EMDR(R)'s efficacy in terms of beneficial clinical outcomes on both objective and subjective measures of change.
Burden of Childhood Injuries in India and Possible Public Health Interventions: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kumar Mohan , Pathak Vineet Kumar , Tripathi Saparya , Upadhyay Anita , Singh Vivek V. , Lahariya Chandrakant
Published: September 2023

Childhood injuries are a major public health challenge in India and globally. This systematic review was conducted to understand the burden and spectrum of childhood injuries, with a focus on unintentional injuries, among children 5–14 years of age and to suggest approaches to prevention that can be adopted in the Indian context. This systematic review was conducted with the standard approach and use of keywords. A total of 33 studies which were found to be relevant were analyzed. Road traffic accidents (RTAs) contribute to nearly 85% of all unintentional injuries and related deaths and 90% of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost in developing countries. Poor traffic regulation, heavy traffic load, and poor skill of identifying the dangerous road crossing sites make the children’s age group vulnerable and prone to RTA. Children with poor skill of identification and response to dangerous road crossing sites, along with heavy unregulated traffic were found to be the major reasons for such accidents and make this age group more vulnerable. Public health-based prevention approaches need to be based upon legislation, regulation, and enforcement, as well as environmental modification, education and skill development, emergency medical care using levels of prevention, and principles of targeted prevention to effectively address child health challenges. Addressing child injuries should be a key component of all endeavors aimed at enhancing child mortality and morbidity rates, as well as the overall welfare of children, both at the national and global levels. It is imperative to prioritize policies focused on preventing unintentional injuries across all age groups, with particular attention to children.
Gender Differences in Anxiety, Depression, and Self-Esteem among Children of Alcoholics
Authors: Omkarappa Dayananda Bittenahalli , Rentala Sreevani , Nattala Prasanthi
Published: September 2023

Background:

Children growing up in families with alcohol abuse are at high risk for anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. The published studies mainly focused on the gender difference in behavioral problems among normal children, but only limited studies are focused on gender difference in anxiety, depression, and self-esteem among children of alcoholics (COAs).

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional descriptive survey research design was adopted for the present study. The study was conducted at selected government high school located in Bangalore South. The simple random sampling technique was used to select the participants for the study. COA screening test (modified) and pediatric symptom checklist were used for identifying COAs and behavioral problems. Spence Children's Anxiety Scale, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used to assess anxiety, depression, and self-esteem, respectively. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software package (Version 23).

Results:

The results showed that there is no statistically significant difference in mean scores of anxiety, depression, self-esteem, separation anxiety, social phobia, obsessive–compulsive problems, and physical injury between boys and girls COAs. Mean scores of generalized anxiety are high in boys compared to girls COAs.

Conclusion:

The study concluded that there is no gender difference in anxiety, depression, and self-esteem among COAs.
Qualitative Study on the Psychological Experience of Nursing Officers Caring COVID-19 Patients
Authors: kalal Nipin , kumar Ashok , Rani Raj , suthar Navratan , vyas Himanshu , choudhary Vikas
Published: September 2023

Background:

Coronavirus spreads very rapidly and nursing staff is fighting like warrior. They are facing so many psychological issues. During the pandemic, positive and negative emotions of frontline nurses interlace and exist.

Objectives:

To explore the psychological experience of nursing officers caring coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

Materials and Methods:

Phenomenological research approach was adopted. Twelve nursing officers were enrolled with nonprobability purposive sampling technique who provided care for COVID-19 patients. The interviews were conducted face-to-face and were analyzed by the Colaizzi's 7-step method.

Results:

The data were obtained from 12 nursing officers caring for patients with COVID-19. The mean age of the participants was 28 ± 1.87 years, with a mean work experience of 3.75 ± 1.05. Three themes were extracted from the detailed interview. First theme: the expression of negative emotions in the initial stage consisting of fear and anxiety regarding infection and family member, fatigue and discomfort related to high work intensity, and protective gear and anxiety regarding changing of ward and long duty hours. Second theme: the use of coping strategies and self-care styles consisting of communication with family members and friends and adjustment to the new era of life. Third theme: expressing positive emotions as adjusted with duty comprised of motivation and support from senior authority, feeling happy to be a part of humanity service, and satisfied with my duty and postduty quarantine facilities.

Conclusions:

The results of this study show that nursing officers caring COVID-19 patients are experiencing mental and emotional distress at initial stage of duty. As days passed participants used coping strategies and understand the new era of situation. Gradually, they expressed positive emotions and they were happy and satisfied with work.
Efficacy of Psychoeducation to Improve Medication Adherence among Bipolar Affective Disorder
Authors: Jaishri  , Rentala Sreevani
Published: September 2023

Bipolar affective disorder is a chronic disorder with evidence of lack of medication adherence, a high relapse rate, significant general disability and burden of psychosocial impairment that often persists for long time. Therefore, Enhancement of treatment adherence in bipolar disorder is a necessary and promising management component as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy. The objective of this systematic review is to determine the effects of psycho-educational interventions on medication adherence among BPAD patients. An electronic literature search was performed using PubMed, cochrane library and google scholar other sources like reports, thesis, or dissertation from May 2012 to March 2020. Search was focused on full text articles available in english, studies had been conducted among adult patients, quantitative RCTs, experimental studies on individual and group psychoeducational intervention. The present review included 10 experimental studies published online. The most literature supports the usefulness psychoeducation on medication adherence in bipolar affective disorder.
Lived Experiences and Ensuing Notion of Staff Nurses as COVID-19 Survivors in India
Authors: Oraon Pushpa , Thapa Rajni , Joseph Johny K. , Rupali
Published: September 2023

Background:

Nurses are central to the entire spectrum of responses to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic including the mental health effects of the outbreak.

Methods:

This study investigated a significant number of Physiological and Psychological Experiences and Ensuing the notion of staff nurses as COVID-19 Survivors using Phenomenological Approach. A total of 12 interviews were conducted with 12 participants. Results: The study result was described into five main thematic categories which included Preparedness for COVID-19, Physiological Experiences, Practices Social Distancing, Psychological Experiences, and Ensuing notion toward pandemic. We found that nurses were presented with mild-to-moderate physiological symptoms of COVID-19 illness. As well as, negative psychological experiences existed in the early stage of recovery among nurses; later they themselves developed optimistic and adjustment approaches to cope up with the situation to stay mentally healthy.

Conclusion:

In the ensuing notion Nurses' suggested to follow the Universal Precautions, Self coping style and more emphasizes to add herbal and ayurvedic remedies in their balanced diet.
Investigating the factors affecting the self-care behaviors of patients with type II diabetes and the role of demographic variables: A case study in Iran
Authors: Montazeri Nafiseh , Bakhshi Saeedeh , Malekzadeh Roya , Ziapour Arash , Chaboksavar Fakhreddin , Yazdi Fateme , Darabi Fatemeh , Hamidipour Nasim , Gheshlaghi Parvin Abdi , Kianipour Neda
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:

Self-care practices in diabetes patients are crucial to keep the illness under control and prevent complications. Effective management of diabetes will be a difficult task without an adequate understanding of the current level of practice related to diabetes self-care. Therefore, this study aims to assess the factors affecting the self-care behaviors of patients with type II diabetes and the role of demographic variables in Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

The present study is a descriptive-analytical study that was designed and conducted in 2022. This study population was type II diabetic patients at the Diabetes Research Center of Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital in Kermanshah who were selected by available sampling method of 280 samples. Data collection tools included demographic characteristics questionnaire and standard self-care questionnaire for the Glasgow and Toobert diabetic patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS-23 software, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and stepwise regression.

RESULTS:

The mean of self-care scores was 2.07 ± 2.08 and indicated an unfavorable condition. The highest mean scores of self-care were in the field of regular use of medications, and the lowest scores were in the field of blood-glucose testing. The mean scores of self-care were significantly different based on marital status, occupation status, residence, type of treatment, duration of diabetes, years, smoking status (P< 0.05). Regression results showed that the variables predictors; type of treatment, smoking status, the complication of diabetes, education level status, place of residence explained 515% of the variance of self-care.

CONCLUSIONS:

The study showed that the extent to which individuals adhere to type II diabetes recommended management is substantially low. Improving awareness of patients and the community at large is imperative, especially on the diet, exercise, blood-glucose testing, foot care, and no smoking.
Disease patterns among Saudi children undergoing colonoscopy for lower gastrointestinal bleeding: Single tertiary care center experience
Authors: Alrashidi Sami , AlAmery Tarig , Alshanbary Abdullah , Aljohani Eman , Bashir Salman M , Alsaleem Bader , Asery Ali , Al-Hussaini Abdulrahman
Published: September 2023

Background:

The yield of colonoscopy in cases presenting with lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) in previously published studies varies according to several factors, including endoscopic skills, histopathological experience, and pattern of colonic pathology in different countries. The local literature is limited to a single small 20-year-old study. Our objective was to provide updated data on the diagnostic yield of colonoscopy in Saudi children with LGIB in Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

This was a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients (0–14 years of age) who underwent colonoscopy for LGIB at the King Fahad Medical City (KFMC), from 2008 to 2018. LGIB was defined as fresh or dark blood per rectum.

Results:

During the study period, 175 children underwent colonoscopy for LGIB (99 males, mean age 7.05 ± 3.81 years), which constituted 53.5% of indications for colonoscopy procedures (n = 327) in our center. The terminal ileum was intubated in 81% of the procedures. Overall, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) was the most commonly identified cause of LGIB (32%) followed by colonic lymphonodular hyperplasia (CLNH) in 17% and juvenile polyp and rectal mucosal prolapse syndrome (RMPS), 11% each. On sub-analysis, cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) and CLNH were the most common causes in infants and toddlers, 35% each; IBD (26.5%) and polyps (22.4%) in young children (2–6 years), and IBD (36%), CLNH (14.9%) and RMPS (14%) in older children (6–14 years). In comparing the IBD to the non-IBD group, IBD patients were older (mean 8.37 vs. 6.46 years, P = 0.002) and more likely to have diarrhea, weight loss, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anemia, and hypoalbuminemia (odds ratio 24, 11, 10.7, 6.5, and 4, respectively). Colonoscopy had a sensitivity of 97%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value of 81.4%, and accuracy of 97% in diagnosing LGIB.

Conclusion:

Colonoscopy is an effective diagnostic tool in children with LGIB with a high diagnostic yield. Besides IBD, CLNH and RMPS are two other important pathologic entities that need to be considered in a child with LGIB.
A Hybrid Trajectory Planning Approach for Autonomous Rule-Compliant
Multi-Vehicle Oval Racing
Authors: Ögretmen* Levent , Rowold* Matthias , Betz Tobias , Langmann Alexander , Lohmann Boris
Published: September 2023

Motion planning for autonomous vehicles remains challenging, especially in
environments with multiple vehicles and high speeds. Autonomous racing offers an
opportunity to develop algorithms that can deal with such situations and adds
the requirement of following race rules. We propose a hybrid local planning
approach capable of generating rule-compliant trajectories at the dynamic limits
for multi-vehicle oval racing. The planning method is based on a spatiotemporal
graph, which is searched in a two-step process to exploit the dynamic limits on
the one hand and achieve a long planning horizon on the other. We introduce a
soft-checking procedure that can handle cases where no collision-free, feasible,
or rule-compliant solutions are found to restore an admissible state as quickly
as possible. We also present a state machine explicitly designed for fully
autonomous operation on a racetrack, acting on a higher level of the planning
algorithm. It contains the interface to a race control entity and translates the
current race rules and conditions into interpretable requests for the local
planning algorithm. We present the results of experiments with a full-scale
prototype, including overtaking maneuvers at speeds of up to 74 m/s.
Steel, Corrosion-Resistant, Bars, Wire, Forgings, Mechanical Tubing, Rings, and Stock for Forgings or Rings 15Cr - 6.5Ni - 0.75Mo - 0.30Cb (Nb) - 1.5Cu Consumable Electrode Remelted, Solution Heat Treated, Precipitation Hardenable
Authors:   AMS F Corrosion and Heat Resistant Alloys Committee
Published: September 2023

This specification covers a premium aircraft-quality, corrosion-resistant steel in the form of bars, wire, forgings, mechanical tubing, and flash welded rings in the solution heat-treated condition, 12 inches (305 mm) and under in nominal diameter, thickness or, for hexagons, least distance between parallel sides (thickness), and stock of any size for forging or flash welded rings.
Study on the Mitochondrial Genome of Variants Carrying mt.3243A>G from Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cataract Patients in Indonesia
Authors: Maksum Iman Permana , Mulyani Rahmaniar , Hasan Khomairi , Azizah Mamlikatu Ilmi , Destiarani Wanda , Maulana Ahmad Fariz , Yusuf Muhammad , Subroto Toto
Published: September 2023

The association of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cataract with mtDNA mutation has been reported before. Despite the high prevalence of DM and cataract in Indonesia, a study of the mtDNA variants in Indonesia in correlation with the two diseases is still limited. MT.3243A>G is one of the hotspots mutations for mitochondrial diseases, but the explanation for its occurrence in patients with pure cataract is still elusive. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the mitochondrial genome variants from T2DM and cataract patients in Indonesia using the direct sequencing method. The homology analysis of the genome to the Cambridge reference sequence resulted in 86 variants, including 20 variants that cause amino acid substitutions. Based on the Mitomap data, 17 of the 20 variants were novel. Upon comparison with the 12 normal variant genomes, 11 of 17 variants were suggested to be associated with T2DM and cataract diseases since they code the protein in complex-I (ND4L, ND5, and ND6), complex-III (cytb), and complex-V (ATP6) of the respiratory complex. Interestingly, MT.3316G>A, for the first time, is shown in a pure cataract patient. In addition, the novel phenotype of MT.5460G>A and MT.10398A>G were revealed, which are T2DM and cataract in one patient. Based on our study, these diseases might be related to the disruption of the ATP metabolism due to the structure and function changes of proteins involved in the respiratory complex. This discovery is expected to offer an understanding of the origins of gene-level clinical differences, particularly in Indonesia.
Hydrochemical characteristics and suitability of Kanzenze River for irrigation of akagera upper catchment in Rwanda
Authors: Nsengiyumva J. , Taremwa K.N. , Vasanthakaalam H. , Musabyimana P. , Ruganzu V. , Etim N.
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the study was to assess the hydrochemical characteristics of the Kanzenze River and its suitability for irrigation use in the  Akagera upper catchment in Rwanda. In this respect, 12 samples of surface collected water in four sites namely Karumuna, Muzi,  Karugenge, and Nyamabuye were at a distance of 100.00 meters one to another. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) standards  were referred to analyze water quality parameters such as potential hydrogen (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids  (TDS), sodium adsorption ratio, soluble sodium percent, total hardness, magnesium adsorption ratio and Kelly index were used for the  evaluation of water quality and its suitability for irrigation. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and principal components  analysis. All parameters analyzed were within the FAO standards stipulated for irrigation. The mean pH of the water sample was 7.30; the  mean TDS was 205.10 mg l‒1; mean sodium adsorption was 2.30 while the mean EC was 302.26 µS/cm which indicated that Kanzenze  River is in category I of classification standard suitable for irrigation. This indicated that the Kanzenze River was suitable for irrigation.
Growth performance, heamatology and serum biochemistry of broiler chicks fed diets containing different clay sources
Authors: Ugwuowo L.C. , Obikwelu C.A.
Published: September 2023

The study was conducted to determine the effect of diets containing different clay sources on the growth performance, heamatology and  serum biochemistry of broiler chicks. One hundred and twenty broilers were allocated to five treatments diets containing different clay  sources having three replicates of eight broilers in a completely randomized design. Data were collected on body weight, feed intake,  total protein, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, urea, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, aspartate  transaminase and alanine transaminase, hemoglobin, red blood cell, white blood cell, lymphocytes, and packed cell volume. The total  weight gain, average daily weight gain, total feed intake, average daily feed intake, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency ratio were  calculated. Results showed that growth performance parameters were not significantly (p > 0.05) different at the starter phase but serum  biochemistry and haematological parameters except red blood cells were significantly (p < 0.05) different. The T3 diets containing clay  formed by sprinter termites improved the serum biochemistry as well as haematological indices of broiler better than the other sources  of clay used in this experiment. This implies that the clay in T3 had the greatest capacity to bind to the toxins contained in the feed  probably due to the high mineral contents.
Gender analysis of wholesale smoked-fish marketing in Kainji Lake Basin, Nigeria
Authors: Omeje J.E. , Achike A.I. , Arene C.J. , Ifejika P.I. , Bankole S.P.
Published: September 2023

The study investigated gender in wholesale smoked-fish marketing in Kanji Lake Basin, Nigeria. Specifically, the study identified roles of  individual actors in fish marketing, determined the profitability of fish marketing, analyzed the marketing efficiencies and estimated gaps  in the fish marketing chain. A two-stage sampling procedure was used to select 60 wholesale smoked-fish marketers from 13  communities. Primary data were collected from wholesale smoke-fish marketers using an interview schedule. Data were analyzed using percentages, net profit margin and efficiency models. The result showed that the youths perform about 60% of task in activities such as  sorting and grading, fish arrangement in cartons, loading and offloading and transportation to market centers. Wholesale fish marketing  was profitable with a 4.45% return on investment (ROI) for the men, 3.76% ROI for the women and 2.88% ROI for the youths while  Shepherd’s marketing efficiency was 24.84 for the men, 25.65 and 26.65 for the women and youths respectively. Also, there were no glaring gender gaps in value of fixed assets, revenue, gender-based employees and wage for the men, women and youths involved in the  business. Therefore, it is recommended that capacity building which targets women and youths should be adopted and implemented  by government and other relevant agencies in order to enable them compete equally with men in wholesale smoked-fish  marketing.
Economic analysis of cashew nut marketing in Udi Local Government Area, Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Ibe J.C. , Okoh T.C. , Arua R.N. , Opata P.I. , Obuna U.O.
Published: September 2023

Cashew nut (Anacardium occidentale L) is one of the most essential and major cash crops produced in Nigeria. This research, therefore,  explored the economics of cashew nuts marketing in Udi Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria. Primary data were sourced  from cashew nut marketers through the use of well-designed questionnaires. Sixty respondents were randomly selected from three main  markets in the study area. Descriptive statistics and (OLS) multiple regression models were used to achieve the study objectives. Descriptive statistics and (OLS) multiple regression models were used to achieve the objectives. Wherefore the study identified the  marketing channels, analysed the cost and returns of the enterprise, determined the socio-economic factors affecting the quantity of  cashew nuts marketed, and ascertained the constraints associated with cashew nuts marketing in the study area. From the results, the  market was dominated by males (65%), most of the respondents (51.7%) were between 21 and 40 years, and majority were married  (81.7%). An average number of the marketers (50%) had secondary school education, while 31.7% and 18.7% had primary and higher  education, respectively. Most of the marketers (63.3%) bought directly from farmers, while 26.7% purchased from wholesalers. Total  revenue, gross profit, and net profit were respectively ₦651,627.00, ₦120,618.00, and ₦81,067.70, showing that the business is profitable.  Respondents’ socioeconomic characteristics which significantly affected quantity of cashew nut marketed were age (p < 0.1), household  size (p < 0.05), and membership to market association (p < 0.05). Major constraints were seasonality of produce, high cost of  transportation, bad weather (rain), and inadequate capital. It was recommended that government should provide good road networks to  ease transportation problem. The marketers should form cooperative societies to facilitate easy access to credits and other relevant  resources.
Growth and mitotic chromosomes of soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) plants as affected by spent engine oil in sandy-loam soils
Authors: Ogunsola K.E. , Odesola K.A. , Eniola B.F. , Majebi O.E.
Published: September 2023

Soybean (Glycine max L. Merril) is one of the most nutritionally valuable legumes in Africa. However, spent automobile engine oil is always  disposed indiscriminately on lands and water bodies in Nigeria, which pollutes both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, with adverse  effects on crop growth and productivity. This study investigated the effects of spent engine oil (SEO) polluted soils on growth parameters  and mitotic chromosomes of soybean. Two soybean varieties (TGX-1448-2E and local) were planted in pots filled with sandy-loam soil treated with 0, 0.1, 0.4 and 0.7% v/w SEO concentrations, in 2 × 4 factorial experiment laid in a completely randomized design with six  replications. Data were collected at weekly intervals for four weeks on growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves, leaf width and  leaf length) and chromosomal aberration. Data were subjected to ANOVA and means separated with LSD. Among the treatments, seed  germination rate was significantly higher in TGX-1448-2E (95.0 ± 0.0-96.0 ± 0.7%) than local variety (70.0 ± 0.7-71.0 ± 0.7%). Both 0.4 and  0.7% SEO caused significant (p ≤ 0.01) reductions in plant height, number of leaves, leaf length and leaf width whereas, 0.1% did not  reduce growth parameters. Treatments 0.4 and 0.7% SEO caused high chromosomal aberrations in soybean as they reduced  chromosome numbers (from 40.0 to 23%), cell division, mitotic index (70.0 to 20.8%) and produced 31.7% abnormal cells. Abnormalities  such as bridges, laggards and chromosome stickiness occurred. This study shows that 0.4-0.7% SEO polluted soils is phytotoxic to  soybeans.
Effects of rice husk biochar charred at different time on soil chemical properties, rice growth and yield
Authors: Nwawuike I. M. , Nkwogu A. C.
Published: September 2023

Sustainable rice production in Sub-Saharan Africa especially in Nigeria faces serious constraints due to soil infertility. Recycling of rice residues through biochar production and applying it to the soil could be a possible approach to address the soil fertility constraints facing rice production. A pot experiment was conducted at Imo State University to investigate the effect of rice husk biochar on some selected soil chemical properties, growth and yield of rice. Four treatments evaluated in the pot experiment include rice husk biochar charred at 250oC for 60, 90 and 120 minutes together with control (no amendment). The treatments were replicated three times and laid out in completely randomized design (CRD). The soils in the pots were both treated with basal dose NPK (15:15:15) at 200kgha-1 while biochar was applied at the rate of 10tha-1 to the amendment soils. Application of biochar in this experiment appreciably increased the soil pH, available phosphorus, OC, TN, exchangeable cations, CEC and available silicon in biochar treated pots compare to control pots. The degree of soil improvement was proportional to the charring time. The rice husk charred for 120 minutes (RHB120) showed the highest effect on most of the soil chemical properties evaluated. Biochar amendment was found not to have much influence on the rice agronomical parameters except grain weight in which the highest value was found in soil treated with RHB120 (12.5gpot-1). Therefore, converting rice husk to biochar and applying it to the soil can improve soil fertility status and yield of rice in Nigeria. Keywords: Rice Husk Biochar, Soil Chemical Properties, Rice Growth, Rice Yield
Food safety knowledge and practices among university students in the northern region of Ghana
Authors: Lawal M , Adzitey F , Ayamdoo JA , Damba Y , Zakaria RD
Published: September 2023

Food safety knowledge and practices are necessary for eliminating food borne diseases, however, there is a scarcity of information on food safety knowledge and practices among young adults in the Northern Region of Ghana. This research was therefore aimed at assessing the food safety knowledge and practices of university students in the Northern region of Ghana and to determine if any relationship exists between their food safety knowledge and practices and their socio-demographic and academic characteristics A cross-sectional study was carried out where data was collected from 397 randomly selected students of the University for Development Studies and Tamale Technical University using a questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS V20. Results showed that 54.4% had good level of food safety knowledge, 38.5% had moderate level of food safety knowledge and 7.1% had poor levels of food safety knowledge. Similarly, students also showed 46.3%, 39.3% and 14.4% levels of good, moderate and poor food safety practices, respectively. The department and level of study significantly influenced (P < 0.05) the food safety knowledge of participants, however no demographic characteristics influenced (P > 0.05) the food safety practices of the participants. The findings from this study suggest the need for increased effort on how to guide students to translate their food safety knowledge into practice. Innovative and creative approaches should be applied to food safety education to increase practice since the students showed good food safety knowledge than food safety practice.
Spermiogram, microbial contaminants and sensitivity to antibiotics in fresh semen of two poultry lines
Authors: Asuku SO , Ali RI , Alkali IM , Bamanga UM , Mustapha AR , Algoni ZA , Abdulrahman MU , Abba A
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to isolate bacteria flora in fresh semen of helmeted guinea cock (Numidia meleagris) and Nigeria local turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) and determine the sensitivity of the semen microbes to antibiotics with further assessment of sperm quality characteristics in the freshly collected semen. Five matured guinea cocks weighing approximately 3 – 4kg and five matured turkey toms of 10 – 14kg body weights were selected for the study as sperm donors. Semen collection was done twice a week for five weeks using a modified abdominal massage method and ejaculates were pooled independently based on the animal group. The pooled ejaculates in each species were further divided into aliquot A for spermiogram analysis and aliquot B for microbes and antimicrobial sensitivity analysis using standard methods. Results showed that freshly collected semen from both donor birds were contaminated; although, presented good qualities when evaluated for sperm characteristics such as progressive motility (%), livability (%), morphologic abnormalities (%) and concentration (cell×109/ml). Isolated contaminants included Escherichia coli, Shigella spp, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus spp in fresh semen of the helmeted guinea cocks, similar in turkeys except for Shigella spp. The organisms were all sensitive to streptomycin, gentamycin and pefloxacin except the Staph aureus which showed resistance to pefloxacin and Bacillus spp which was resistant to gentamycin. It was then concluded, that whereas freshly collected semen of guinea cock and turkey toms were contaminated during collection, they still possessed good quality traits when evaluated for semen characteristics and antibiotics like streptomycin, pefloxacin or gentamycin are recommended for use during in-vitro processing and extension of semen from both poultry species.
Oxidative stress responses to heavy metal burden in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from Warri River, Niger-Delta, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Iyorah I , Enagbonma BJ , Abu O , Biose E
Published: September 2023

Despite the degradation and threat of ubiquitous contaminants, such as heavy metals, in Warri River, Southern Nigeria, little is known about the ecological effects of such pollution using pro-oxidant variables. This study investigated oxidative stress responses to heavy metals (lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu)) burden in the heart, kidney, liver and gills of African catfish inhabiting Warri River. Fish (N=30) were collected during August-September, 2018 from two contaminated sites along the course of Warri River and a fish farm which was considered a reference site. The concentrations of Pb, Cd and Ni in the two contaminated sites were above the WHO permissible limits and significantly higher (p<0.05) as compared to the fish collected from the reference site. The trend of accumulation of the metals followed the order: Reference site (site 1)-Mn>Ni>Cu>Pb>Cd; site 2-Pb>Cu>Cd>Mn>Ni and site 3-Ni>Mn>Cu>Cd and Pb respectively. The activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the organs of fish caught at the two contaminated sites. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly elevated (p<0.05), in the liver and heart of fish obtained from site 3, relative to sites 2 and 1. Fish obtained from the two contaminated sites had significantly decreased (p<0.05) levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) in their organs, however, the reduction was more in site 2. The results of this study confirm that environmental stressors, such as heavy metals, can alter antioxidant enzymes and glutathione systems, as well as induce lipid peroxidation, leading to oxidative stress in aquatic organisms.
Effects of peste des petit ruminants N/75/1 vaccine on nasal bacterial flora and clinical indices in Red Sokoto goats
Authors: Tenuche OZ , Emikpe BO , Godwin E , Egwu GO
Published: September 2023

Peste des petit ruminants virus (PPRv) and Mannheimia haemolytica have been commonly implicated in naturally occurring pneumonia in sub-Saharan Africa and account for huge economic losses as they are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The Nigerian 75/1 PPR vaccine has been proven to be efficacious in the control of PPR. However, there is a paucity of information on the ability of this live attenuated vaccine to modulate bacteria of the nasal flora to control or confer protection against secondary bacterial infection induced especially by M. haemolytica. Nasal swabs and blood samples were collected for bacterial count and serology respectively. This study describes the effect of the N/75/1 PPR vaccine on the nasal bacteria flora and clinical indices of Red Sokoto goats. Ten (10) Red Sokoto goats were divided into two groups of five animals each. In one group, 1ml of PPR vaccine (2.5 TCID50) was administered subcutaneously while the other group served as control and 1ml of normal saline was administered subcutaneously. The results showed that for the PPR vaccinated group, although there was a significant decrease (p≤0.05) in nasal bacteria counts for Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida and Escherichia coli compared to the control group it was not sufficient to clear out these potentially pathogenic bacteria from the nasal flora. Also, in the PPR-vaccinated group, the only clinical symptom observed was a mild transient and self-limiting hyperthermia at about 2 weeks post-vaccination which may be attributed to the initiation and enhancement of immune responses. Hence, it can be deduced that the PPR vaccine may moderately inhibit the colonization of certain pathogenic bacteria of the nasal microbial flora but however, it is incapable of conferring total immunity against the secondary bacterial infection in naturally occurring pneumonia.
Effects of retinoic acid on immunity and inflammation in patients with Psoriasis vulgaris
Authors: Liu Yi , Li Min , Ding Zhangjun
Published: September 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effect of retinoic acid on immune and inflammatory factors in patients with psoriasis vulgaris, and its underlying mechanism of action.Methods: A total of 20 P. vulgaris (PV) patients from Dongtai People's Hospital were divided into two groups, with 10 patients receiving retinoic acid and 10 receiving calcipotriol. The patients' clinical parameters, psoriasis area and severity index were evaluated after one month of treatment. Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the concentrations of interleukin-10 and interleukin-17 in the patients' peripheral blood, while the proportion of T helper immune cells that expressed IL-17a and regulatory T immune cells were determined via flow sorting. Expressions of Notch1 in psoriatic lesions and CD4+T cells were determined by quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).Results: Retinoic acid significantly reduced psoriasis area and severity index. Furthermore, retinoic acid decreased the concentration of IL-17, increased the concentration of IL-10, lowered the percentage of Th17 cells, but elevated the percentage of Treg immune cells (p < 0.05). Expression of Notch1 in skin lesions and CD4+T cells was lower in the retinoic acid group than in the calcipotriol group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Expression of Notch1 is decreased in skin tissue lesions of PV patients receiving oral retinoic acid treatment. Thus, retinoic acid influences Th17/Treg immune balance by regulating Notch1 signaling pathway in PV patients, and therefore can potentially be developed for the treatment of psoriasis.
Long response to camrelizumab in metastatic lung squamous cell carcinoma with high PD-L1 expression despite EGFR G719S mutation: A case report
Authors: Wang Yuhua , Fang Ke
Published: September 2023

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been widely used in non-small cell lung cancer with wildtype EGFR/ALK genes. However, the effect of ICIs on advanced NSCLC with EGFR genes sensitive mutations has been controversial. There are no reports on whether ICIs monotherapy can be used in the treatment of NSCLC with EGFR sensitive mutations. A patient with metastatic lung squamous cell carcinoma with EGFR G719s mutations, high PD-L1 score and a tuberculosis history was given first-line treatment of afatinib, camrelizumab monotherapy (200 mg, intravenous, once every three weeks) from February 24,2020 to January 2023. The patient achieved partial response (PR) after treatment with camrelizumab. The progress-free survival (PFS) due to camrelizumab monotherapy was more than 34 months.It is concluded that camrelizumab has promising potential effectiveness as a treatment option for lung squamous cell cancer with EGFR G719 mutations and high PD-L1 score.
The effectiveness of Praise and Worship Services in increasing Congregational Faith in Churches
Authors: Betakore Yoel , Boiliu Fredik Melkias , Zakaria Jowel Elia , Pribadi Daniel
Published: September 2023

Praise and worship service plays a very important role in the worship system of some Christian denominations. Generally, praise and worship is an expression of the heart overflowing with gratitude to glorify God's name revealed through music. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of praise and worship service in increasing the congregations faith in the Indonesian Bethel Church River of Life Pamulang, South Tangerang Indonesia. The research method used in this research work is a descriptive qualitative one. Qualitative research aims to uncover symptoms in a holistic-contextual manner where data collection takes place naturally and researchers serve as the key instruments. To obtain information related to the effectiveness of understanding praise and worship service in increasing the congregation faith in the church, researchers conducted a literature study, and held interviews with a church pastor and some of the congregation. The results showed that there has been an application of praise and worship services carried out by the congregation so that it has experienced faith growth, but it needs to be further enhanced so that it is more effective and sustainable.
Exploring the Meaning of Faith and Kufr: Perspectives of Islamic Theological Schools
Authors: Khoirunnisa  , Jubaidi Didi
Published: September 2023

This article discusses the meaning of faith and kufr from the perspective of Islamic theological schools. Faith and kufr in particular in the four main schools, namely Mu'tazilite, Murjiah, Ash'arite and Maturidiyah. Some of the important themes focused on in this article are amal (action), sahadat (confession of testimony), tasdiq (convincing belief), and ma'rifah (sincerely believed knowledge). Despite differences in views, all traditions recognize the importance of the concepts of faith and kufr as foundational in religious practice. Tolerance and mutual respect within this diversity of views are key to maintaining ukhuwah islamiyah in Muslim religious life. This article reviews the views of four schools of Islamic theology on faith and kufr. Mu'tazilites emphasize that faith is not only related to belief, but is also influenced by good deeds as a reflection of sincere faith. Meanwhile, the Murjiah consider faith to be in the heart and not bound by deeds, but rather by beliefs believed in the heart. Ash'arites attribute faith to belief in the heart and recognize the importance of deeds in strengthening faith and earning God's pleasure. On the other hand, the Maturidis emphasize the importance of a sincere understanding of faith and kufr, which will affect the way one practices faith on a daily basis. The formulation of the problem in the article is how can the spirit of ukhuwah islamiyah be maintained in the diversity of views on faith and kufr among Muslims?
Implementation of Kingdom of God’s Ethic in the Book of Ecclesiastes in the Digital Age
Authors: Tanhidy Jamin , Panggarra Robi , Budiman Sabda
Published: September 2023

This paper aims to explain the ethics of the kingdom of God in the Old Testament perspective that is still little discussed, especially in the Book of Ecclesiastes, and how it is implemented in contemporary Christian life. Data was collected through the literature study method and data analysis was conducted by reviewing Bible verses and various literature on the kingdom of God from the Old Testament perspective. The results showed that the kingdom of God in the Book of Ecclesiastes is understood inclusively-exclusively as God's eternal rule over His people through General Revelation, General Grace, and in the Person of Jesus Christ, where the ethical values of the kingdom of God contained in the Book of Ecclesiastes are in the form of understanding God as the Creator of all things, the Holder of the Power of Life and unfathomable Wisdom. The implementation of the ethical values of the kingdom of God in the
Book of Ecclesiastes is anticipating the challenges of religious radicalism, realizing common grace, obeying worship to God, not loving money, avoiding the trap of materialism, not deifying technology, being both ‘salt’ and ‘light’ for this world and consistently carrying out the mission of preaching the Gospel of Christ in this world continuously as citizens of His Kingdom.