bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Health-related quality of life postventral hernia repair: Retrospective analysis
Authors: Shaher Abdulaziz , Mashbari Hassan , Alferdaus Abdallah , Al-Hamdan Shaima Yahya Ali , Abduallah Rand , Alabdullah Sharefah Ahmed Y , Al-Murayeh Raneem Mushabab , Alqahtani Amjad Abdulrahman , Alahmari Walaa Muteb
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

Laparoscopy has gained widespread adoption for ventral hernia repair, mirroring the trend seen in numerous intra-abdominal surgical procedures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of patients who underwent laparoscopic versus open surgical repair.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Patients who underwent surgery between January 2020 and December 2022 were included in this time-bound study. Of the 202 patients who underwent hernial repair over 3 years, all eligible patients were contacted and invited to participate in the study. The response rate was 77%, 155 patients completed the study questionnaire, which collected sociodemographic data, as well as the EORTC QLQ-C30 version 3.0 questionnaire, which assessed QoL.

RESULTS:

The mean age of the participants was 47.0 ± 13.0 years, with a range from 15.0 to 76.0 years. Among them, 67.7% were female, and 60.0% had comorbidities. Additionally, a lower proportion of laparoscopic cases required drain placement compared with the open group (12.9% vs. 26.9%). Patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery had shorter hospital stays within “1 day” (46.8% vs. 36.6%) or “2 days” (22.6% vs. 19%) and experienced a quicker return to activity, with a higher proportion resuming normalcy after 2 weeks (27.4% vs. 20.4%). Furthermore, patients in the open group reported higher pain scores, higher constipation, and insomnia scores than those in the laparoscopic group.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study showed that laparoscopic repair had fewer complications than open repair in terms of hospital stay, return to activities, and pain score. Regarding the QoL scale, the laparoscopic approach shows a far better QoL profile compared with the open technique.
A comparative study of perioperative pain, blood loss, and hospital stay in an Indian population undergoing mini-open oblique lumbar interbody fusion versus open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Ahmad Suma Rabab , Jain Mantu , Sahoo Auroshish , Mishra Narayan Prasad , Singh Neha , Dansana Sumanta Kumar
Published: March 2024

Background:

There are several approaches for lumbar fusion, although there is yet to be a consensus on which approach is the best. This study aimed to evaluate the intraoperative blood loss and acute postoperative pain in single-level mini-open oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) versus open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) surgeries for the degenerative spine.

Methods:

Thirty-two patients were assigned by the surgeon to OLIF or TLIF groups – 16 in mini-open OLIF and 16 in open TLIF groups. The intraoperative blood loss and postoperative hemoglobin, numerical rating scale (NRS) at proposed time intervals for 24 h postoperative, and rescue analgesics used were compared among the groups. The operative duration and hospital stay in both groups were also compared.

Results:

The OLIF group showed significantly higher postoperative hemoglobin (11.5 vs. 10.5 g %, P = 0.04), lower 24-h postoperative pain scores on movement, (NRS 4 vs. 5.5, P = 0.0001), and shorter hospital stay (4.5 vs. 7 days, P = 0.003) than TLIF group. However, the surgery duration was significantly longer in OLIF than in TLIF (190 vs. 150 min, P = 0.005). Intraoperative hemodynamics, other postoperative pain scores at variable time points, and rescue analgesics given were comparable among groups (P > 0.05). Intraoperative blood loss was lower in OLIF than TLIF (275 vs. 500 mL) but was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Mini-open OLIF has favorable perioperative outcomes compared to open TLIF. Patients have higher postoperative hemoglobin and lesser pain on movement on the first postoperative day, leading to earlier mobilization and a shorter hospital stay.
Development of a Heart Failure Palliative Care Educational Program for Nurses: A Multi-Method Approach
Authors: Bagheri Imane , Irajpour Alireza , Hashemi Narges
Published: March 2024

Background:

Comprehensive palliative care for patients with heart failure can be developed by educating cardiac nurses. The current study aimed to design a heart failure palliative care educational program for nurses.

Materials and Methods:

This study was carried out using the multi-method approach based on two out of four steps of Uys educational program development at Dr. Chamran Hospital, Isfahan, in 2020–2021. In step 1, educational needs were collected through literature review, interviews with 15 patients and 10 nurses, examination of patients’ documents and medical records, and observation. Then, in step 2, the importance and necessity of teaching the proposed topics and the teaching and evaluation method of the items were assessed through two rounds of delphi technique (15 expert panel members). Eventually, the educational program was finalized.

Results:

In step 1, the educational needs of nurses were identified in 6 general fields and 26 general learning topics. In step 2, educational needs [specialized knowledge (55% necessity and 55% importance) and social support (33% necessity and 33% importance)], teaching methods (role-playing, experiential learning, and journal club), and evaluation method (the information analysis method) were removed due to a lack of consensus (11%). Finally, the main parts of the program, including the program mission and vision, general learning topics, general goals, objectives, teaching strategies, and evaluation strategies, were compiled.

Conclusions:

This program provides nurses with up-to-date information on various aspects of the physical, psychological, social, spiritual, and educational needs of heart failure patients and ensures the provision of better services to them.
Self-Medication and its Associated Factors among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alomoush Anas , Alkhawaldeh Abdullah , ALBashtawy Mohammed , Hamaideh Shaher , Ta’an Wafa’a , Abdelkader Raghad , Mohammad Khitam , Rayan Ahmad , Alsadi Mohammad , Khraisat Omar , Shyab Marah , Al-Amer Rasmieh , Suliman Mohammad , Ayed Ahmad , Abdalrahim Asem , Al-Qudah Mohammad
Published: March 2024

Background:

Self-medication is a global concern among professionals and non-professionals, with a rapid increase in prevalence. The study aims to assess the prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors among university students.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in three universities, and a total of 817 college students participated in this study.

Results:

About 75.40% of the participants reported using medications without a professional prescription. The category of analgesics was the most commonly used in self-medication (82.80%), while the most common symptom was a headache (81.50%). Almost 74.10% percent of participants who have practiced self-medication stated that the reason was the “lack of time to consult a physician.” Most participants who have used self-medication (90.30%) stated that the source of knowledge was “previous prescription.”

Conclusions:

Health education programs concerning self-mediation should be held in university settings to improve attitudes and practices toward self-mediation.
Mental Health in Self-Quarantined Pregnant Women for 14 Days During the Coronavirus Outbreak in Iran
Authors: Ghiasi Nasrin , Kazempour Robab , Haseli Arezoo , Kaffashian Mohammad Reza , Jahanfar Shayesteh
Published: March 2024

Background:

Quarantine during COVID-19 disease may be associated with psychological distress and other behavioral problems. This study aimed to investigate depression, anxiety, and stress in self-quarantined pregnant women at home for 14 days during the coronavirus disease outbreak in Iran.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional web survey was carried out on 874 pregnant women in all governmental health centers of two cities in Iran using the census method in 2020-21. Survey data were collected with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analytical tests (Chi-square, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and logistic regression) at significance level less than 0.05.

Results:

Approximately 40.04% (N = 350) of the participants were classified as a self-quarantine group. The mean (SD) of the stress score was higher for the quarantine group compared to nonquarantine (8.12 (4.95) vs. 5.96 (4.51)) (F2,874 = 25.180, p < 0.001). But there was no significant difference in the depression and anxiety scores between the quarantine group compared to nonquarantine, respectively. Additionally, the adjusted odds ratio for stress score was associated with an unwanted pregnancy (1.993, 95% CI: 1.108–3.587; p = 0.021), younger age (1.707, 95% CI: 1.082–2.692; p = 0.022) and uninsured coverage (2.240, 95% CI: 1.320–3.801; p = 0.003), and complete quarantine (2.027, 95% CI: 1.548–2.654; p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

Self-quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic has been related to high-stress levels, specifically, among women of younger age, uninsured, and unwanted pregnancies. Thus, quarantined pregnant women will need more mental health support and medical supplies.
Corset suture: A novel technique of overlay appositional continuous sutures with air tamponade for management of large acute corneal hydrops
Authors: Parmar Gautam Singh , Agrawal Ashish , Meena Ashok , Mutha Priyanka , Gurnani Bharat
Published: March 2024

Management of large acute corneal hydrops (ACH) has always been a challenge. Various medical and surgical management options have been used, such as topical steroids, cycloplegics, antiglaucoma medications, antibiotics, Descemet’s membrane reposition, and pre-Descematic sutures, for the management of acute hydrops, but have shown limited benefit. We hereby describe a novel technique of appositional continuous overlay sutures along with air tamponade for surgical management of corneal edema following large ACH. In this technique, the epithelium is scraped to visualize the stromal cleft, and then corneal marking is done to locate the suture placement site. Next, a continuous overlay, 10-0 nylon suture is passed in a crisscross fashion, just like the laces of a corset. A small paracentesis is made to lower the intraocular pressure. Stromal fluid is milked out using two iris spatulas, simultaneous suture tension adjustment is done, and the knot is secured. Appropriate anterior chamber tamponade is achieved using air, paracentesis is hydrated, and a bandage contact lens is applied. We noted complete resolution of corneal edema within 2 weeks of the procedure, with significant improvement in visual acuity.
Strengthening critical thinking through debriefing – experiential learning theory: A case study
Authors: Hu Zijing
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND:

There is a dire need to strengthen students’ critical thinking in clinical training since it is an essential skill in clinical practice to optimize patient care. Debriefing is a formal or informal post-activity discussion that aims to improve learning outcomes, including critical thinking in clinical practice. There is a lack of research that focuses on students’ experiences of debriefing to promote critical thinking in the South African context using experiential learning theory as a theoretical lens.

OBJECTIVE:

This study aimed to explore South African students’ lived experiences of debriefing to improve critical thinking.

MATERIALS AND METHOD:

The author employed a qualitative single-case study design within an interpretivist paradigm. A purposive sampling technique was adopted. Six participants were recruited for this study. The author invited the participants to participate in semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed through the six-step data analysis framework proposed by Creswell. To ensure the trustworthiness, the author employed multiple techniques to improve the credibility, conformability, dependability, and transferability of this study. These techniques included a well-planned research design and methods, thick descriptions of data, and an audit trail that was audited by a second coder.

RESULTS:

The findings revealed that participants shared positive experiences toward debriefing and furthermore debriefing through optimized student engagement and improved learning outcomes. This study also revealed that students experienced less stress in group debriefings. However, this study also identified some challenges in conducting debriefing. The challenges were primarily related to incompetent facilitators, inappropriate duration of debriefing sessions, and limited space in the clinic. Moreover, small group debriefing is recommended.

CONCLUSION:

Debriefing is an effective pedagogical approach to optimize critical thinking in clinical practice. It is recommended that debriefing should be implemented as a norm in clinical training at higher education institutions. Further studies are recommended to be conducted at national and international levels.
A Novel Era of Probiotics in Dentistry. A Double-Blind Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Chawla Ruhee , Patil Aarti , Mistry Vibhuti Dilip , Waghmare Alka Sanjay , Ronad Sunil , Deshmukh Chetan Vinay
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

The use of chemical agents has dramatically increased and holds a great promise for the prevention of dental plaque, of which chlorhexidine is considered the gold standard. New novel probiotic mouthrinses are being developed to combat the adverse effects of chlorhexidine mouthrinse.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of probiotic mouthrinse with chlorhexidine mouthrinse for the treatment of chronic periodontitis as an adjunct to scaling and root planing.

Materials and Methods:

The patients were randomly divided into two groups of 7 subjects each. Group A (Control) and Group B (Test) had scaling and root planing along with chlorhexidine mouthrinse and probiotic mouthrinse, respectively. Clinical parameters measured at baseline and 45 days were gingival index, plaque index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss. Microbial analysis was done by collecting plaque samples at baseline and 45 days. Paired t-test was used for intragroup and intergroup comparisons, whereas independent t-test was used for intergroup comparisons. Keeping the level of significance at 5%, the significant difference was adjusted at P ≤ 0.05.

Results:

The mean clinical parameters were significantly reduced for both treatment groups posttherapy. The microbiological data analysis (colony-forming units/ml) showed that after the therapy, there was a significant reduction in both the groups with Group B > Group A. Conclusion: Probiotics can in the near future and with more research serve to be as natural candidates to substitute antibiotics and their derivatives.
Transcultural adaptation of Odia version of health-related kidney disease and quality of life-36 instrument
Authors: Pradhan Rashmimala , Tripathy Pravati , Kar Debaprasad
Published: March 2024

Objective:

The study objective was to translate, validate, and test the reliability of the original kidney disease and quality of life-36 (KDQOL-36™) instruments in Odia.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional design with a purposive sampling technique was used. According to RAND Corporation guidelines, initially, the items of the KDQOL-36™ questionnaires were translated into Odia by two independent, bilingual, professional translators, and then back-translated to English, followed by tryout and field testing. The experts validated the KDQOL-36™ instrument review committee for review related to kidney health conditions. The tool was implemented among 180 patients undergoing “maintenance” hemodialysis. The following tests evaluated reliability and validity: test–retest reliability with Cronbach’s alpha correlation (stability), (reliability) internal consistency, and contents validity index.

Results:

The Cronbach’s alpha value and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) score of all five domains, namely “physical component summary, mental component summary (MCS), the burden of kidney disease, symptoms and problems of kidney disease, and effects of kidney disease” of both KDQOL-36™ English and Odia (KDQOL-36-E™ and KDQOL-36-O™) version, recommended excellent homogeneity. A high positive correlation (r = 0.998) was found between the Odia version of KDQOL-36™ and the English version KDQOL-36™ questionnaire. The ICC score ranges from 0.889 to 0.997 at a 95% confidence interval for test–retest reliability, and Cronbach’s alpha was 0.832.

Conclusion:

This study explores the Odia version of KDQOL-36™ psychometric properties, depicted at an acceptable level of internal consistency. The KDQOL-36-O™ instrument is a valid and reliable tool for assessing the kidney disease-related quality of life in Odia-speaking hemodialysis patients.
Influence of intra-abdominal pressure on ventilatory mechanical power delivery and respiratory driving pressure during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Shaji Unnikannan , Jain Gaurav , Tripathy Debendra Kumar , Kumar Navin , Chowdhury Nilotpal
Published: March 2024

Background and Aims:

Pneumoperitoneum creation for laparoscopic surgery increases the intraabdominal pressure and causes alveolar atelectasis. We investigated the influence of an increase in intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) on ventilatory mechanical power (MP) delivery during pneumoperitoneum creation for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Material and Methods:

In a prospective cohort design, we enrolled 42 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. During pneumoperitoneum creation, the IAP was sequentially raised to three predefined IAP levels (8, 11 and 14 mmHg), keeping identical ventilatory settings (timepoints T1, T2, and T3). After that, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was sequentially raised from 5 to 8 to 11 cmH2O (timepoint T4 and T5). The primary outcome included ventilatory MP delivery at each timepoint. Other variables included respiratory driving pressure (DP), airway resistance (AR), and respiratory compliance (RC).

Results:

The MP increased linearly with a rise in IAP from T1 to T3 (r = 0.71, P < 0.001); the MP increased by 0.19 per unit rise in IAP (effect size 0.90, P < 0.001). A similar positive correlation was also observed between DP and IAP from T1 to T3 (r = 0.73, P < 0.001); the DP increased by 0.72 per unit rise in IAP (effect size 0.89, P < 0.001). The MP increased significantly on increasing PEEP from T3 to T5, while the DP decreased concomitantly (P < 0.001). The AR increased significantly from T1 to T3, while RC decreased concomitantly; vice-versa was observed at T4 and T5 (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:

The ventilatory MP delivery rises linearly with an increase in IAP. Targeting an IAP-guided MP level could be an attractive approach to minimize lung injury.
NLRP3 Inflammasome in Autoinflammatory Diseases and Periodontitis Advance in the Management
Authors: Hashim Nada , Babiker Rasha , Mohammed Riham , Rehman Mohammed Mustahsen , Chaitanya Nallan CSK , Gobara Bakri
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Inflammatory chemicals are released by the immune system in response to any perceived danger, including irritants and pathogenic organisms. The caspase activation and the response of inflammation are governed by inflammasomes, which are sensors and transmitters of the innate immune system. They have always been linked to swelling and pain. Research has mainly concentrated on the NOD-like protein transmitter 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-18 are pro-inflammatory cytokines that are activated by the NOD-like antibody protein receptor 3 (NLRP3), which controls innate immune responses. The NLRP3 inflammasome has been associated with gum disease and other autoimmune inflammatory diseases in several studies. Scientists’ discovery of IL-1’s central role in the pathophysiology of numerous autoimmune disorders has increased public awareness of these conditions. The first disease to be connected with aberrant inflammasome activation was the autoinflammatory cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS). Targeted therapeutics against IL-1 have been delayed in development because their underlying reasons are poorly understood. The NLRP3 inflammasome has recently been related to higher production and activation in periodontitis. Multiple periodontal cell types are controlled by the NLRP3 inflammasome. To promote osteoclast genesis, the NLRP3 inflammasome either increases receptor-activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANKL) synthesis or decreases osteoclast-promoting gene (OPG) levels. By boosting cytokines that promote inflammation in the periodontal ligament fibroblasts and triggering apoptosis in osteoblasts, the NLRP3 inflammasome regulates immune cell activity. These findings support further investigation into the NLRP3 inflammasome as a therapeutic target for the medical treatment of periodontitis. This article provides a short overview of the NLRP3 inflammatory proteins and discusses their role in the onset of autoinflammatory disorders (AIDs) and periodontitis.
Exploring the Potential of Deep Learning in the Classification and Early Detection of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Bakkialakshmi V S , Arulalan V , Chinnaraju Gowdham , Ghosh Hritwik , Rahat Irfan Sadiq , Saha Ankit
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder affecting a significant portion of the global population, leading to profound impacts on daily life and imposing substantial burdens on healthcare systems. Early identification and precise classification are crucial for effectively managing this disease. This research investigates the potential of deep learning techniques in facilitating early recognition and accurate classification of PD.
OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study is to leverage advanced deep learning techniques for the early detection and precise classification of Parkinson's Disease. By utilizing a rich dataset comprising speech signal features extracted from 3000 PD patients, including Time Frequency Features, Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs), Wavelet Transform based Features, Vocal Fold Features, and TWQT features, this research aims to evaluate the performance of various deep learning models in PD classification.
METHODS: The dataset containing diverse speech signal features from PD patients' recordings serves as the foundation for training and evaluating five different deep learning models: ResNet50, VGG16, Inception v2, AlexNet, and VGG19. Each model undergoes training and assessment to determine its capability in accurately classifying PD patients. Performance metrics such as accuracy are employed to evaluate the models' effectiveness.
RESULTS: The results demonstrate promising potential, with overall accuracies ranging from 89% to 95% across the different deep learning models. Notably, AlexNet emerges as the top-performing model, achieving an accuracy of 95% and demonstrating balanced performance in accurately identifying both true and false PD cases.
CONCLUSION: This research highlights the significant potential of deep learning in facilitating the early detection and classification of Parkinson's Disease. Leveraging speech signal features offers a non-invasive and cost-effective approach to PD assessment. The findings contribute to the growing body of evidence supporting the integration of artificial intelligence in healthcare, particularly in the realm of neurodegenerative disorders. Further exploration into the application of deep learning in this domain holds promise for advancing PD diagnosis and management.
Rule Based Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System to Analyze Efficacy of COVID19 Vaccines
Authors: Mittal Poonam , Abirami S P , Ramya Puppala , J Balajee , Muniyandy Elangovan
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 was declared as most dangerous disease and even after maintaining so many preventive measures, vaccination is the only preventive option from SARS-CoV-2. Vaccination has controlled the risk and spreading of virus that causes COVID-19. Vaccines can help in preventing serious illness and death. Before recommendation of COVID-19 vaccines, clinical experiments are being conducted with thousands of grown person and children. In controlled      situations like clinical trials, efficacy refers to how well a vaccination prevents symptomatic or asymptomatic illness.
OBJECTIVES: The effectiveness of a vaccine relates to how effectively it works in the actual world.
METHODS: This research presents a novel approach to model the efficacy of COVID’19 vaccines based on Mamdani Fuzzy system Modelling. The proposed fuzzy model aims to gauge the impact of epidemiological and clinical factors on which the efficacy of COVID’19 vaccines.
RESULTS: In this study, 8 different aspects are considered, which are classified as efficiency evaluating factors. To prepare this model, data has been accumulated from various research papers, reliable news articles on vaccine response in multiple regions, published journals etc.   A set of Fuzzy rules was inferred based on classified parameters. This fuzzy inference system is expected to be of great help in recommending the most appropriate vaccine on the basis of several parameters. 
CONCLUSION: It aims to give an idea to pharmaceutical manufacturers on how they can improve vaccine efficacy and for the decision making that which one to be followed.
Quantum Deep Neural Network Based Classification of Attack Vectors on the Ethereum Blockchain
Authors: Rajawat Anand Singh , Goyal S B , Kumar Manoj , Kumar Saurabh
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: The implementation of robust security protocols is imperative in light of the exponential growth of blockchain-based platforms such as Ethereum. The importance of developing more effective strategies to detect and counter potential attacks is growing in tandem with the sophistication of the methods employed by attackers. In this study, we present a novel approach that leverages quantum computing to identify and predict attack vectors on the Ethereum blockchain.
OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study is to suggest an innovative methodology for enhancing the security of Ethereum by leveraging quantum computing. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that QRBM and QDN are efficient in identifying and predicting security flaws in blockchain transactions.
METHODS: We combined methods from quantum computing with social network research approaches. An enormous dataset containing both genuine Ethereum transactions and a carefully chosen spectrum of malicious activity indicative of popular attack vectors was used to train our model, the QRBM. Thanks to the dataset, the QRBM was able to learn to distinguish between typical and out-of-the-ordinary activities.
RESULTS: In comparison to more conventional deep learning models, the QRBM showed substantially better accuracy when it came to identifying transaction behaviours. The model's improved scalability and efficiency were made possible by its quantum nature, which is defined by features like entanglement and superposition. Specifically, the QRBM handled non-informative inputs better and solved problems faster.
CONCLUSION: This study paves the way for further investigation into quantum-enhanced cybersecurity measures and highlights the promise of quantum neural networks in strengthening the security of blockchain technology. According to our research, quantum computing has the potential to be an essential tool in creating Ethereum-style blockchain security systems that are more advanced, efficient, and resilient.
Machine Learning Applied to Water Distribution Networks Issues: A Bibliometric Review
Authors: Denakpo H , Houngue P , Dagba T , Degila J
Published: March 2024

INTRODUCTION: Water Distribution Networks are critical infrastructures that have garnered increasing interest from researchers.
OBJECTIVES: This article conducts a bibliometric analysis to examine trends, the geographical distribution of researchers, hot topics, and international cooperation in using Machine Learning for Water Distribution Networks over the past decade.
METHODS: Using “water distribution” AND (prediction OR “Machine learning” OR “ML” OR detection OR simulation), as search string, 4859 relevant publications have been retrieved from WoS database. After applying the PRISMA method, we retained 2427 documents for analysis with a Bibliometric library programmed in R.
RESULTS: China and the USA are the most productive on the ground, and only one African country appears in this ranking in 14th place. We also identified two ways for future research works, which are: the assessment of water quality and the design of optimisation models.
CONCLUSION: The application of this research in African countries would be fascinating for a better quality of service and efficient management of this resource, which is inaccessible to many African countries.
Prediction model for hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B with peginterferon-alfa treated based on a response-guided therapy strategy
Authors: Zhang Pei-Xin , Zheng Xiao-Wei , Zhang Ya-Fei , Ye Jun , Li Wei , Tang Qian-Qian , Zhu Jie , Zou Gui-Zhou , Zhang Zhen-Hua
Published: March 2024

BACKGROUND

Models for predicting hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) after nucleos(t)ide analog treatment are rare.

AIM

To establish a simple scoring model based on a response-guided therapy (RGT) strategy for predicting HBeAg seroconversion and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) clearance.

METHODS

In this study, 75 previously treated patients with HBeAg-positive CHB underwent a 52-week peginterferon-alfa (PEG-IFNα) treatment and a 24-wk follow-up. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess parameters at baseline, week 12, and week 24 to predict HBeAg seroconversion at 24 wk post-treatment. The two best predictors at each time point were used to establish a prediction model for PEG-IFNα therapy efficacy. Parameters at each time point that met the corresponding optimal cutoff thresholds were scored as 1 or 0.

RESULTS

The two most meaningful predictors were HBsAg ≤ 1000 IU/mL and HBeAg ≤ 3 S/CO at baseline, HBsAg ≤ 600 IU/mL and HBeAg ≤ 3 S/CO at week 12, and HBsAg ≤ 300 IU/mL and HBeAg ≤ 2 S/CO at week 24. With a total score of 0 vs 2 at baseline, week 12, and week 24, the response rates were 23.8%, 15.2%, and 11.1% vs 81.8%, 80.0%, and 82.4%, respectively, and the HBsAg clearance rates were 2.4%, 3.0%, and 0.0%, vs 54.5%, 40.0%, and 41.2%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

We successfully established a predictive model and diagnosis-treatment process using the RGT strategy to predict HBeAg and HBsAg seroconversion in patients with HBeAg-positive CHB undergoing PEG-IFNα therapy.
Research Data Management Competencies for Academic Libraries: Perspectives from Two Universities in South Africa
Authors: Badenhorst Patricia , Raju Jaya
Published: March 2024

The rapid pace of technological change has significantly transformed the librarianship profession, impacting the required competencies for professionals working in library and information services (LIS). As new roles emerge within academic libraries, librarians need to assess their current knowledge and skills as well as identify additional knowledge and skills needed to adapt to evolving roles and responsibilities. This paper reports findings of a study conducted at two university libraries in South Africa. The objective of the study was  to identify the competencies necessary for academic librarians in providing research data management services (RDM). While previous studies have explored the knowledge and skills required for academic librarians in Southern Africa and globally, there is a research gap concerning the specific competencies necessary for RDM. This study employed semi-structured interviews with librarians from two  selected university libraries, using purposive sampling. The research also included document reviews and content analysis of relevant  academic library job advertisements. The study’s findings highlight key competencies such as information and data management  practices, repository management, data curation, data collection management, understanding funders’ policies, research Research Data  Management Competencies for Academic Libraries: Perspectives from Two Universities in South Africa methods and processes, as well as  ICT and digitization skills. The findings also highlight the importance of robust training and selfdevelopment through online courses,  webinars, and freely available materials as strategies to support RDM.
E-cigarettes, e-liquids and drug vaping – forensic perspectives on electronic nicotine delivery systems
Authors: Kycler Maciej , Rzepczyk Szymon , van der Veer Jacob , Świderski Paweł , Żaba Czesław
Published: March 2024

Electronic cigarettes are devices that produce an aerosol by heating e-liquid. Their history can be traced back to the 20th century but their popularity exponentially increased in the 21st century. Multiple generations and types of e-cigarettes are available on the market with an astounding choice of e-liquids. They gained popularity in almost all countries and among all age groups. The regulation concerning them varies drastically across the world. The health impact is still not fully understood. Although e-cigarettes contain less toxic substances compared to regular cigarettes their use is still not harmless. Some studies suggest a correlation between e-cigarettes and cardiovascular diseases and a potential cancer risk. However, the most noticeable is the effect on the respiratory system. There have been reported cases of fatal respiratory failure caused by e-cigarette use. There has been an increased interest in using e-cigarettes for recreational drug use, notably cannabinoids. E-liquids have been used in suicide attempts. They are usually ingested causing potentially lethal poisoning. Furthermore, lung biopsy and extensive medical history analysis should be the cornerstone of forensic examination of deaths involving e-cigarettes.
Wymiary literackiego odpominania Zaolzia
Authors: Szkaradnik Katarzyna
Published: March 2024

Artykuł poświęcony jest różnym wymiarom literackiego odpominania Zaolzia – części Śląska Cieszyńskiego przydzielonej w 1920 roku Czechosłowacji, choć w większości zamieszkanej przez ludność polską. Ziemia ta do dziś stanowi problem tożsamościowy dla mieszkańców polskiego pochodzenia, którzy czują się z jednej strony zapomniani przez Polskę, z drugiej – związani z nią pamięcią kulturową. Łatwiej im na co dzień, gdy identyfikują się z kulturą czeską, lecz podlegają presji starszego pokolenia, które jednak nieraz stawia znak równości między „polskością” a regionalizmem i izolacjonizmem. Zwłaszcza literaci obciążeni są balastem narodowych powinności, ale dlatego też często podejmują się krytycznego namysłu nad tożsamością oraz odpominania przeszłości – odzyskiwania treści wypieranych z pamięci zbiorowej. Autorka tekstu analizuje, jak pisarze zmagają się z zaolziańskimi tabu, historycznymi traumami, niepokojącymi widmami i ideologiami. Nawiązując do wyróżnionych przez Paula Connertona siedmiu rodzajów zapomnienia, rozpatruje trzy główne relacje: wobec zapomnienia przez Polskę, tożsamościowego rozdarcia i rozdwojenia oraz zamknięcia się w lokalności.
Wpływ teozoficznych epigramatów Anioła Ślązaka na kreacje postaw religijnych bohaterów Dziadów drezdeńskich
Authors: Kotłowski Tomasz
Published: March 2024

Autor tekstu dokonuje przeglądu postaw religijnych w trzeciej części Dziadów Mickiewicza i konfrontuje je z mistycznymi epigramatami Johannesa Schefflera, wzbudzającymi zainteresowanie Mickiewicza w czasie tworzenia koncepcji Dziadów. Trzy postaci doświadczające ekstaz religijnych na zasadzie widzenia (Ksiądz Piotr oraz Ewa) bądź improwizacji (Konrad) zostają przyporządkowane do odrębnych postaw religijnych, kolejno: gnostyckiej, mistycznej oraz magicznej. Autor wskazuje na punkty styczne oraz odrębności w stanach i dążeniach poszczególnych bohaterów, a także charakteryzuje wpływ epigramatów Silesiusa i myśli teozoficznej na kształt religijno-filozoficzny omawianego dramatu.
Obcy, inny, głupi. Figura wioskowego głupka w wybranych utworach Tadeusza Nowaka
Authors: Płaza-Stępień Aneta
Published: March 2024

Artykuł traktuje o figurze głupka wioskowego jako obcego w kulturze ludowej i typologii tego rodzaju kreacji w twórczości Tadeusza Nowaka w odniesieniu do współczesnych badań nad obcością. W centrum wywodu znajduje się sylwetka naznaczonego ułomnością i wyalienowanego ze społeczności indywiduum, które poprzez nieokreśloną formę istotowej odmienności jest czymś, co wymyka się jednoznacznej klasyfikacji i podważa struktury kulturowego podziału obcy–swój, balansując na pograniczu tych znaczeń. Przedmiotem analiz są zagadnienia roztrząsające problem obcości postaci pomylonego wobec archetypicznych kodów kulturowych, fenomenologicznych inicjacji oraz systemów etycznych. Metodologiczne tło stanowią koncepcje zaczerpnięte z rozpraw Bernharda Waldenfelsa i Zygmunta Baumana – choć nie podejmują tematyki wiejskiej kultury, wytyczają kierunki refleksji nad współczesnością, na wielu poziomach dialogując z ujęciami figury wioskowego głupka w kulturze ludowej oraz przetworzonymi realizacjami tego motywu w twórczości Nowaka.
Niegasnący potencjał lokalności. Twórczość Ewy Schilling w kontekście narracji krytycznoliterackiego centrum o „literaturze lesbijskiej”
Authors: Ulańska Zofia
Published: March 2024

Polityka umiejscowienia według bell hooks umożliwia powołanie kontrhegemonicznych praktyk kulturowych. Artykuł ukazuje napięcie między centrum a peryferiami. Centrum to polska krytyka literacka przełomu XX i XXI wieku, specyficznie odnosząca się do nieheteronormatywności w literaturze – eksponująca kontekst demokracji i tolerancji wobec „Inności”, silnie wartościująca utwory pod względem literackiej jakości, co nierzadko skutkuje ignorancją „własnego głosu” (niezbędnego dla perspektywy queer według Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick). Peryferia reprezentuje Ewa Schilling – pisarka konsekwentnie (od 1993 roku) portretująca egzystencję polskich lesbijek. Artykuł przybliża jej wybrane umiejscowienia (ziny lesbijsko-gejowskie „Filo” i „Inaczej”, Wspólnota Kulturowa „Borussia”, własne Wydawnictwo Seqoja) oraz cechy twórczości. Współczesny wysyp nowości literackich spod znaku queer jako parasolowego pojęcia ponownie odsyła literaturę lat 90. XX wieku na margines.
Mesolithic campsite from Nowe Miasteczko (western Poland)
Authors: Lewczuk Jarosław , Niedźwiecki Rafał , Moskal-del Hoyo Magdalena
Published: March 2024

Archaeological site 1 in Nowe Miasteczko has been known since the mid-1920s. It is most often associated with a La Tene period cemetery of the Gubin group of the Jastorf culture. Since September 2022, archaeological excavations have been carried out at the site in connection with an ongoing construction project. The research identified a younger Mesolithic phase of the site occupation. Recovered from the fills of archaeological features were flint artefacts, bone remains, macroscopic plant remains with accumulations of hazelnut shells (Corylus avellana), and samples for absolute dating.
Weak polynomial identities of small degree for the Weyl algebra
Authors: Lopatin Artem , Palma Carlos Arturo Rodriguez , Tang Liming
Published: March 2024

In this paper we investigate weak polynomial identities for the Weyl algebra
$\mathsf{A}_1$ over an infinite field of arbitrary characteristic. Namely, we
describe weak polynomial identities of the minimal degree, which is three, and
of degrees 4 and 5. We also describe weak polynomial identities is two
variables.
DESIGN INSTRUCIONAL NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Gomes Luiz Carlos Melo , Almeida Evaristo Fernandes de , Passos Luiz Marcelo , Mafra Mackson Azevedo , Silva Mirene da Cruz
Published: March 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar as principais vantagens e desafios do Design Instrucional na Educação. O Design Instrucional na Educação é uma área crucial, mas ainda carece de uma análise abrangente de suas vantagens e desafios. O presente estudo adota o método de pesquisa de revisão integrativa da literatura. A pesquisa foi conduzida utilizando a base de dados Google Acadêmico como fonte principal de busca, concentrando-se em estudos que exploram o tema “Design Instrucional” e suas nuances, particularmente os desafios e vantagens associados a essa abordagem na educação. Os resultados revelaram que o Design Instrucional desempenha um papel estratégico na melhoria do desempenho educacional, mas também enfrenta desafios, como a adaptação às mudanças tecnológicas. Conclui-se que o Design Instrucional vai além da organização do material didático, exigindo uma compreensão profunda das necessidades dos alunos e do processo educativo. Essas considerações ressaltam a relevância do Design Instrucional para o desenvolvimento contínuo da educação e fornecem diretrizes importantes para pesquisas futuras e práticas educacionais mais eficazes.
A Score-Based Evaluation Model for Rehabilitation of Existing Pumped Storage Hydropower Plant Construction
Authors: Hyung-Jun Park  , Hong-Joon Shin  , Dong-Hyun Kim  , Seung-Oh Lee
Published: March 2024

As the proportion of new and renewable energy increases, power control demands are becoming more frequent due to variability in power generation. As a complementary means against this, the pumped storage hydropower plants (PSHP) are attracting attention as energy storage systems (ESS), but it has high construction costs. Therefore, this study aims to improve the economic feasibility by developing the evaluation model of the existing infrastructure into an upper/lower dam suitable for PSHP. The concept of upper dam capacity is newly defined, and the evaluation index is constructed using normalization. A new evaluation system is presented for five factors: environment, stability, energy, capacity, and economy. Finally, it is tested in the pilot area in Korea. Several candidates, including the PSHP in operation, are found to have been distributed with higher scores. These results will help to satisfy the selection of candidates during the preliminary feasibility study phase, and programming them will enable more accurate and rapid assessment.
Mixed Traffic Behaviour in Heavy Flow: Two-Lane Road Insights
Authors: Mishra Guru Sharan
Published: March 2024

The current paper outlines a comprehensive methodology for modeling speed data on two-lane roads during periods of heavy traffic characterized by heterogeneous vehicle types. In such scenarios, the presence of diverse vehicle types causes a significant departure from the normal speed distribution model. This deviation becomes particularly pronounced during heavy traffic flows due to the frequent interactions among vehicles within the traffic stream. Consequently, there arises a necessity to develop a modeling approach specifically tailored to such flow conditions. Drawing upon empirical data collected from a major intercity road in India, this study uncovers a notable skewness in speed data under heavy traffic conditions. This skewness primarily stems from the formation of vehicle platoons within the traffic stream, exerting a substantial influence on their speed characteristics. By scrutinizing the distribution of this data, the study concludes that a logarithmic transformation effectively aligns with the assumption of normality. This assertion is supported by various goodness-of-fit metrics, affirming the suitability of the proposed modeling approach for capturing the intricacies of speed behavior in heterogeneous traffic environments.
Alienation and Wellbeing
Authors: Yuill Chris
Published: March 2024

This book offers insights into the argument that capitalist society damages human health and well-being. Drawing on and bringing Marx's theory of alienation forward to the present day, it uniquely links it to well-being.
Smart Borders, Digital Identity and Big Data
Authors: Korkmaz Emre Eren
Published: March 2024

In recent years, UN agencies, global tech corporations, states and humanitarian NGOs have invested in surveillance technologies to support migrant communities and streamline their management. This book reveals the way in which they grant extensive powers to states and big tech corporations to control communities.
AN INVESTIGATION ON THE MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF AN ULTRASONIC-ASSISTED STIR CASTING AL-CU-MG MATRIX-BASED COMPOSITE REINFORCED WITH AGRO WASTE ASH PARTICLES
Authors:   Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, India, Tenali Nagaraju , Ganesan G. ,   Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Annamalai University, India, Babu P. Ravindra ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sheshadri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College, India
Published: March 2024

This research work reports the influence of 3-μm-sized Palm Sprout Shell Ash (PSSA) reinforcement on the mechanical and tribological behavior of the Al-Cu-Mg alloy. Composites of varying weight percentages of reinforcement ranging from 1 to 6 at intervals of 1 Wt.% were produced using the ultrasonic-assisted bottom-poured stir casting technique. Microstructural studies, mechanical testing, and wear properties analysis were performed on the alloy and the synthesized composites. The microstructure of the obtained samples was examined using Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and X- Ray Diffraction (XRD). The XRD patterns provided confirmation of the presence of PSSA (SiO2 and Al2O3) particles. The addition of PSSA reinforcement has significantly improved the hardness, tensile strength, and compression strength of composites. The hardness, ultimate tensile strength, and compression strength were improved by 13.89%, 24.04%, and 32.93%, respectively, with the 6 Wt.% PSSA-reinforced composite. However, the incorporation of reinforcement has resulted in a decrease in the ductility of the Al-Cu-Mg alloy composite; the maximum decrement of 42.87% was with the 6% PSSA-reinforced composite. Tests were conducted at different loads and speeds to evaluate the wear behavior of the prepared samples. Superior wear resistance was observed in the composites. The fracture and wear mechanisms of reinforced and unreinforced were observed using SEM.
Some new Inequalities for Differentiable Arithmetic-Harmonically Convex Functions
Authors:   Bayburt University, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Turkey, KADAKAL MAHIR , AGARWAL PRAVEEN ,   Department of Mathematics, Anand International College of Engineering, India,   Nonlinear Dynamics Research Center (NDRC), Ajman University, United Arab Emirates,   Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), İŞCAN İMDAT ,   Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Giresun University, Turkey
Published: March 2024

In this study, by using an integral identity together with both the Hölder and the power-mean inequalities for integrals we establish several new inequalities for diﬀerentiable arithmetic-harmonically-convex function. Also, we give some applications for special means.
Differential Invariants of Coupled Hirota-Satsuma KdV Equations
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University,, HAGHIGHATDOOST GHORBANALI , BAZGHANDI MOSTAFA ,   Department of Mathematics, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University,, PASHAIE FIROOZ ,   Department of Mathematics, University of Maragheh, Iran
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we consider a generalized coupled Hirota-Satsuma KdV (CHSK) system of equations. We apply the moving frames method to ﬁnd a ﬁnite generating set of diﬀerential invariants for the Lie symmetry group of CHSK equations. Once the generating set of diﬀerential invariants is located, we obtain recurrence relations and syzygies among the generating diﬀerential invariants. Our approach provides a complete characterization of the structure of algebras of diﬀerential invariants of CHSK equations.