bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and Vulnerability to Climate Change: The Case of Selected Barangays in Negros Occidental
Authors: Menes Carmen , Secondes Mona Freda , Haguisan III Ismael , Mendoza Theresa Jennifer , Lumagbas Josephine , Khater Ashraf
Published: February 2025

The climate regulates the temperatures and rainfall essential for sustaining plant, animal, and human life. Without suitable conditions, plants and trees wouldn’t grow, animals would lack food, and human survival would be impossible. This paper looked into the Negrense’s knowledge, exposure, sensitivity and vulnerability to climate change. Their adaptive capacity was also determined. This descriptive quantitative study used a modified adapted survey questionnaire to collect data from purposively chosen respondents from identified barangays which met the inclusion criteria of the study. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and standard scores of exposure, sensitivity, adaptive capacity and vulnerability indices. The Negrenses trust a lot the educational institutions and government agencies as source of climate change. Furthermore, Negrenses agree that climate change is a global issue and that the society is poorly educated as to effects of climate change. However, they are divided in their idea of its effect in the Philippines. Negrenses consider that climate change is due to various activities of both the developing and developed countries but developing countries contribute more. Among the four study sites, Brgy. Cadiz Viejo, a coastal barangay in Cadiz City is the most vulnerable while the inland Barangay 40 and Resource in Handuman are the least vulnerable. The Negrense’s trust on educational institutions and government agencies may be capitalized by both print and broadcast media in educating the people on the causes and effects of climate change.
Solid Waste Quantity and Composition Analysis in a Private University within an Urban City: Basis for an Improved Institutional Solid Waste Management System
Authors: Pitong Ester Joy , Secondes Mona Freda
Published: February 2025

Voluminous solid waste negatively impacts both the environment and human health. Despite the laws on proper solid waste management (SWM) that have been promulgated, solid waste dumps remain a problem in the Philippines, especially in urban cities. In the selected private University in Western Visayas, Philippines, an SWM is in place, properly executed, and the surroundings are visibly clean. However, there is a need to determine whether or not such currently adopted SWM is appropriate and supportive of the universal call for proper solid waste management and environmental protection. Thus, this study investigated the current SWM of a private university in an urban city, completely gathered the disposed waste on an entire day’s operation, analyzed the primary waste data through standard solid waste characterization and analysis procedures, and investigated the possible causes of a significant volume of waste generation and disposal. The research aims to provide the University’s administrators with the necessary data and observations to improve the institutional SWM. Findings revealed that although cleaning and collecting waste for disposal are properly done, a considerable volume of waste is sent to the City’s dumping site. Furthermore, the institutional SWM does not include the important management aspects of higher hierarchy - prevention, minimization, reuse, recycling, and recovery before final disposal. While the study revealed that solid waste is an untapped resource in the University, the amount of waste can still be reduced through minimization at source applying better administrative directives, especially in the University’s canteen - the main source of waste.
Contactless Temperature Station with Local Database and SMS Confirmation
Authors: Boscas Jan Freland , Ilad Jether James , Magalona Carl JM , Malabor Jr. Hernane , Viaje Ma. Krishna Estelle , Hiponia Lea Joy
Published: February 2025

As the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic gripped the entire world, some countries’ health infrastructure gaps became apparent. The backbone of the health care system, the health workers, experienced, never seen before increased workload, psychological and physiological tolls, and, more specifically, the risk of infection of the COVID-19 virus. One of the critical parameters in dealing with the pandemic is monitoring and quarantine. During quarantine, health workers, including frequent travelers and frontline workers, must gather vital data about patients’ health conditions with a substantial risk of infections. Included in the essential data measured by health workers is temperature. The researchers’ aim in this study is to alleviate the burden of manually taking this temperature data by making a device that can remotely measure the temperature of quarantine patients. The device will also consolidate this data in a local database through Wi-Fi and have confirmation and backup data transmission via SMS. The researcher’s objective is to reduce the risk of infection to health workers by allowing a contactless method of gathering patient temperature data and providing an alternative to manual procedures with the help of sensors, GSM, and Wi-Fi technology. Through a cross-sectional study of the prototype output of the research, the researchers could ascertain the prototype’s viability in achieving the desired performance. The results implied that the output device could give the health worker a safer and faster platform for temperature measurements.
Factors Affecting the Academic Performance of CEBA Students: The Role of Bridging Program
Authors: Pujanes Joana Marie , Charlyn M. Capulong  , Limosnero Jessa Mae , Dumapias Donnavic , Lula Felipe
Published: February 2025

The K to 12 program in the Philippines allows Senior High School (SHS) students to select a track that provides specialized courses and track-specific competencies. SHS graduates are encouraged to pursue related higher education programs but are not restricted from pursuing unrelated degrees. Therefore, students not in the Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM) track may still enroll in business programs. Consequently, the CEBA of MSU-IIT has implemented a bridging program for non-ABM SHS graduates to help them gain the necessary business competencies. The study aimed to assess the impact of the bridging program and other factors on academic performance. Using a quantitative research design, data were collected from 269 third- and fourth-year CEBA students during the academic year 2021–2022. The analysis employing multiple linear regression revealed a strong and statistically significant association between the university entrance exam score and participation in the bridging program. Results of the t-test showed that there is no significant difference between the academic performance of ABM and non-ABM students, implying that the bridging program has closed the gap in competencies.
Problems Encountered by BSSW IV Students LA Field Practicum
Authors: Marites V. Marlias
Published: February 2025

This study looked into the problems encountered by the fifty (50) field practicum students of the UNP ISWCD, frst and second semester, SY 2003-24 with the aim of gathering informatlon, feedbacks and suggestions for curricular enrichment/revision and to improve the marketability of the Bachelor of Science in Social Work graduates. The descriptive method of research was used. A questionnaire checklist was utilized to gather data from the respondents. Statistical tools used were frequency count, percentage, mean and chi-square. The study fond out that there were more female than male respondents. Most of them were single and regular student. The  sproblems ecountered by the field practicum. Problems with the following: inadequate classrooms, inadequate social welfare agencies, many academ loads other than field pacticum, insufficient time to complete the required mumber of trainiag hours, limited mumber of faculty members or teaching major subjects, insuficient orientation/supervision of the field instructor or social worker, high supervisor-student trainee ratio, inability of the student trainee to participate on the problem solving process, inability of the student trainee to prepare administrative records and other required documents, ability of the student trainee to identify problems and treatment plan, inadequate for supervision due to the social workers/supervisors' performance of other duties and functions, distance of the community/workplace, insuficient personal allowance in going to the workplace/commnlty, and the performance of family duties and responsibilities. Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn: The performance of the practicum students can be attributed to the supervision and orientation of the agency,  social worker and the field practicum instructor, and the quality of its curriculum, teaching staff and better physical facilities can lead to excellence among the practicum students. The following recommendations were forwarded: provision of better physical facilities in order to provide a more conducive learning environent both inside and outside the school; curriculum revision and enrichment so that social work graduates can move from the direction of relevance and excellence; amendments in RA 5175, the "Social Work Law" particularly Ar. 101, Sec. 12 le. to reduce/decrease the required number of case hours; Summer classes to be offered to incoming practicum students in order to reduce their academic load giving them more time for field practicum; additional monetary incentives given to field instructors/agency social workers while supervising the students in their practicum in the different social welfare agencies.
Coping Strategies of Young Mothers of the University of Northern Philippines
Authors: Eleanor R. Belizar  , Rhoda R. Redulla
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to identify the coping strategies of young mothers and pregnant students. Specifically, it determined the respondents' immediate atitude towards pregnacy, the challenges confronting young mothers particularly teenage pregnancy, and the coping strategies to overcome the challenges. This study also triedto identify the existing reproductive health services offered by the university to young mothers. The descriptive method of research was utlized to understand the issues confronting young mates both at personal and school level. This was conducted during SY2002-2003 in the University of Northern Philippines, Vigan City. There were 30 respondents who were interviewed and six participants in the one hour focus group discussion. Content analysis was used. Survey results were tailed and treated using frequency count, percentage and rank. The researchers found out that most of the respondents experienced unplanned or unintended pregnancy and had a feeling of ambivalence towards their condilon. The difficulties encountered were mainly financial and emotional in nature. It was also difficult for them to balance the demands of studies and motherhood. All respondents got support from concerned individuals especially their parents. They only suffered rejection at the start but were accepted later. They also found out that the university had no clear policy regarding the provision of reproductive health and guidance services that specifically cater to the needs of young married students. There was a lack of advocacy on reproductive health issues and concerns. Based on he findings of the study, the researchers recommend that more counseling services should be provided to pregnant students to help them overcome emotional crisis and at the same time assure them of social acceptance. A comprehensive program caterig to the reproductive health needs of adolescents should be initiated in the university. Moreover, the University Clinic should expand its services to include prenatal care and postnatal care,family planning, counseling and other reproductive health services.
Parenting Strategies of Widows and Single-Mothers of Ilocos Sur
Authors: Avelino B. Felicitas, Jr.  , Eloida M. Mailed  , Emidio R. Rosal, Jr.  , Ausbert I. Felicitas
Published: February 2025

This is a preliminary study to determine the level of parenting strategies of widows and single-mothers in locos Sur. Frequency count and means were used to describe the profile of respondents. ANOVA determined the differences; and Pearson Product Moment Correlation determined significant relationships among variables. A survey questionnaire was employed to gather data involving 218 respondents from nine (9) municipalities Respondents were generally above middle-age widows who did not finish college, had less than four children, were plain housewives with monthly income of not more than P5,000, and owned their houses and lots. They had high level of parenting strategies, with widows performing their parental roles better than single-mothers. The personal variables of the respondents except for monthly income and ownership of land/lot were significantly related to the level ofparenting strategies. The following recommendations are advanced offering of nonformal classes and/or distance learning programs for widows and single mothers; offering of livelihood and technology-based projects by the UNP,through its extension program and the ILARRDEC; extension of welfare services by government and concerned private agencies; organization of small private sessions on responsible parenthood and family life as venuesfor self-expression and learning; support services for children of widows and single-mothers in educational institutions; more studies about widows, single-mothers and solo-parents including the masculine gender; and, studies on the effect of parenting strategies on children.
Experimental Analysis of Water Jet Dynamics Using an Improvised Jet Impact Apparatus
Authors: Christian David C. Alconcel  , Randolf M. Agup
Published: February 2025

This study presents an experimental analysis of water jet dynamics using an improvised jet impact apparatus. The research encompassed the design, construction, and testing of the apparatus to evaluate its performance. Testing involved determining and comparing theoretical and experimental impact forces under various experimental setups. These setups included different masses (70.0 g, 100.0 g, 150.0 g) and target vanes with varied angles of impact (90°, 29.5°, 180°). The target vanes were designed with flat, conical, and hemispherical surfaces. The results indicated that the improvised apparatus achieved an overall percentage error of 17.39% in determining impact forces. Among the configurations, the hemispherical target vane combined with a 100 g mass-produced the most accurate results, with a 7.04% error. The highest percentage error of 31.6% occurred with the flat target vane and a 70 g mass. These findings suggest that while the apparatus can yield precise results under optimal conditions (e.g., hemispherical vane and 100 g mass), it may produce less accurate measurements in other configurations. Despite its limitations, the improvised jet impact apparatus demonstrates utility as a teaching and learning tool for exploring fluid dynamics, particularly the behavior of water jets. It provides an accessible means of demonstrating fundamental concepts, even if not suited for experiments requiring high precision. Overall, the apparatus serves as a valuable resource for introducing students to the principles of jet impact and fluid dynamics.
Feasibility of Vegetable Hummingbird Flowers (Sesbania grandiflora) in Noodle Production: A Sustainable Approach to Food Innovation
Authors: Dea Meir Sebastian  , Katrina Corpuz  , Kasandra Nicole Erece  , Kim Cherry Inot  , Elyona Karis Laygo  , Fate Janelle Perez  , Frances Jane Ramos  , Christian Domondon
Published: February 2025

Despite the abundance of vegetable hummingbird (Sesbania grandiflora) flowers, locally known as Katuday/Katuray, they remain underutilized despite their potential as a sustainable food source. This research explored the feasibility of producing noodles from these flowers, branded as Katoodles (Katuday Noodles), to increase their utility and address wheat shortages. By examining the sensory characteristics of noodles made from vegetable hummingbird flowers and wheat flour, the study aimed to provide an innovative and sustainable food product. This quasi-experimental research used four ratios of blended vegetable hummingbird flowers to flour (0:100, 50:50, 60:40, and 40:60). Five food technology and cookery experts, along with five consumers, evaluated the Katoodles based on taste, texture, smell, and appearance using a Five-Point Hedonic Scale. Results indicated that noodles could successfully be made with these blends. Katoodles with 50% blended vegetable hummingbird flowers (Mixture 1) scored the highest in sensory evaluation, while commercial noodles (Mixture 0) scored the lowest. No significant difference was found among the Katoodles mixtures, suggesting consistent quality comparable to commercial products. This study highlights the broader potential of utilizing underutilized crops like Katuday/Katuray to promote sustainability and reduce reliance on wheat. Katoodles offers a nutritious, plant-based alternative, addressing the demand for healthier, eco-friendly options. Their commercialization could diversify the noodle market, create economic opportunities, and encourage the cultivation of sustainable crops. Further research on the nutritional value and marketability of Katoodles is recommended.
Zooplankton Morphology, Abundance, and their Relationship with Physicochemical Parameters in Coastal Waters of Fuerte, Caoayan, Ilocos Sur
Authors: Jhomar P. Madriaga  , Antonio N. Ayop
Published: February 2025

Zooplankton, which graze on the water column, play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of phytoplankton communities and reducing the frequency of blooms. Despite their substantial contributions to the marine ecosystem, their value to coastal communities was frequently overlooked because of their microscopic nature. The lack of data on marine zooplankton in the Ilocos Sur Region motivated this study conducted in Brgy. Fuerte, Caoayan, Ilocos Sur, to generate new insights into the zooplankton community. It aims to analyze zooplankton morphology, abundance, and physicochemical parameters. Sample collection was conducted during the evening (7 pm to 10 pm). Surface water samples were collected using a handheld fine mesh plankton net (50 m) and preserved with formaldehyde and Lugol’s solution. Thirteen groups of zooplankton populations were recorded in Brgy. Fuerte, Caoayan, Ilocos Sur. They were categorized into two kingdoms: Animalia and Chromista. Common zooplankton included Nauplius larvae, Calanus sp. (Calanoid), and Dioithona sp. (Cyclopoid). The overall density of zooplankton recorded was 192,050 cells/L, which comprises four stations. Regarding species density, the top five dominant species were Favella sp. (Tintinnids) with 163,689 cells/L, Nauplius larvae with 13,478 cells/L, Calanus sp. (Calanoid) with 9,300 cells/L, Sabellaria sp. (Middle trochophore larvae) with 1,283 cells/L, and Dioithona sp. (Cyclopoid) with 1,211 cells/. Future studies should investigate the complex relationships between physicochemical factors and zooplankton abundance and diversity while extending the sampling period to include additional zooplankton species. Understanding these relationships will enhance the comprehension of ecosystem dynamics and develop more effective coastal water management strategies.
FIRST OBSERVATIONAL DATA FROM THE MINI-NEUTRON MONITORING STATION AT THE ROZHEN NATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORY (MNMS-ROZH)
Authors: Petrov N. , Tsvetkov Ts. , Mishev A. , Yotov V. , Shirov G.
Published: February 2025

We demonstrate the first observational data from the newly built mini-neutron monitoring station at the Rozhen National Astronomical Observatory. The data is freely accessible with search option in the up-to-date archive. Provided are the main parameters of the station and equipment. The station is equipped with sensors for measuring and storing in accessible online data base of meteorological parameters, which are also provided.
Analysis of Public Behavior Regarding Food Waste
Authors: Alip Suroto
Published: February 2025

In this study, bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer and Publish or Perish was employed to identify dominant trends in the analysis of community behaviors related to food waste. The analysis results indicate an increasing interest among researchers in understanding and addressing the social, cultural, and psychological factors influencing food waste behaviors within communities. There has been a paradigm shift in research emphasis from individual factors towards a more comprehensive understanding of the social and cultural contexts that affect food waste behaviors. This research focuses more on developing effective and sustainable food waste reduction strategies at the community level through promoting supportive policies, public education, social campaigns, and participatory approaches. In conclusion, this study contributes significantly to understanding the dominant trends in community behavior analysis related to food waste. The findings provide valuable insights for researchers and practitioners in further research development and assist in formulating policies and strategies for more effective community-level interventions against food waste, with a focus on the social and cultural factors influencing food waste behaviors.
Local Culinary-Based Entrepreneurship Using the Canvas Business Model
Authors: Alip Suroto  , Debby Fifiyanti
Published: February 2025

The restaurant business continues to grow, but few business actors understand how to seize business opportunities to increase competitiveness. This study aims to analyze the application of the Canvas Business Model (BMC) in the culinary industry, with a focus on the fast food business in the city of Surakarta. BMC is used to evaluate nine key elements: value proposition, customer segments, distribution channels, customer relationships, key resources, key activities, key partnerships, cost structure, and revenue streams. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive approach, with data collection through surveys, interviews, and observations. The results of the study show that the implementation of BMC can increase the effectiveness of business strategies, especially in terms of product innovation, improved customer experience, and optimization of digital marketing and partnership networks. In addition, a SWOT analysis is conducted to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the culinary business, which is then used as a basis in designing a growth strategy. The main findings of this study propose new business models that are more adaptive and sustainable, including product diversification strategies, the use of digital technology, and strengthening partnerships with suppliers and food delivery service platforms. This research is expected to be a reference for culinary entrepreneurs in developing more competitive and sustainable business strategies in the digital era.
Efektivitas Peran Volunteer dalam Menunjang Kelancaran Acara Gaikindo Jakarta Auto Week
Authors: Mochamad Amboro Alfianto  , Awkila Nathanael Odoh  , Muhammad Alandra Bestama  , Lazia Putri
Published: February 2025

Automotive exhibitions such as GAIKINDO Jakarta Auto Week (GJAW) require various important elements for their success, one of which is the role of volunteers. Volunteers are individuals who voluntarily and selflessly provide their time, energy, and skills to support social, humanitarian, or organizational activities. In the context of GJAW, they play an important role in the smooth running of the event by helping to manage visitors, supporting various activities organized by the organizers and participants, and providing information about the products and promotions offered. They also play a role in organizing the exhibition location and helping visitors to get a better experience during the event. The efficient and organized role of volunteers is one of the factors that supports the smooth running of operations and increases visitor satisfaction in this large-scale event.
Las políticas de tiempo de trabajo. El caso de Europa
Authors:   Universidad París Dauphine, Boulin Jean-Ives
Published: February 2025

Este artículo analiza la situación actual y evolución de las políticas de tiempo de trabajo en Europa. Hay dos objetivos que estructuran estas políticas: la redistribución del empleo o reparto del trabajo y la flexibilidad, es decir, la optimización en la utilización del aparato productivo a través de una mayor utilización de los equipos o de una modulación de los horarios en función de las actividades de la empresa. La concepción del reparto del trabajo debe ser ampliada, para abarcar no sólo el ámbito laboral sino también todo lo que acontece fuera de este ámbito. Asimismo es preciso adoptar una óptica de articulación entre el reparto defensivo, o de mantenimiento del empleo, y las concepciones ofensivas, que implican reorganizaciones del tiempo de trabajo y un apoyo creciente a las aspiraciones individuales de los trabajadores.
La convergencia en los modelos de crecimiento económico: una interpretación de la evidencia empírica
Authors:   Universitat de València, Andrés Javier , Doménech Rafael ,   Ministerio de Economía y Hacienda
Published: February 2025

El estudio de la convergencia económica ha suscitado recientemente un notable interés. Al asociarse tradicionalmente a los modelos de crecimiento con progreso técnico exógeno, el análisis de la convergencia se ha convertido en el terreno en el que se debaten los méritos relativos de los distintos enfoques teóricos. En este trabajo se argumenta que esta asociación no está plenamente justificada, y que la evidencia de convergencia condicional no es incompatible con la existencia de diferencias permanentes entre países, que no tienden a disminuir y que resultan más acordes con las predicciones de algunos modelos de crecimiento endógeno.
Empleo y paro en España: evolución, situación y perspectivas
Authors:   Universidad de Alcalá, Toharia Luis
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo analiza la evolución pasada, la situación actual y las perspectivas futuras del empleo y el paro en España. En primer lugar analiza los datos generales del empleo y el paro en España y los compara con los de los principales países europeos. Tras abordar la relación existente entre empleo y productividad y la evolución sectorial, examina el problema de la temporalidad del empleo. A continuación se abordan dos aspectos del problema del paro: la distinta incidencia del fenómeno según diversas características de los individuos y de las familias y la cuestión del paro de larga duración. El artículo se completa con un estudio de las perspectivas futuras del empleo y el paro.
Naturaleza y causas del comercio intra-industrial
Authors:   Universitat de València, Martín Montaner Joan , Orts Ríos Vicente ,   Universitat Jaume I
Published: February 2025

En este trabajo se discute en primer lugar el concepto, forma de medición y principales factores explicativos del comercio intra-industrial. Adicionalmente se aborda la cuestión de la naturaleza de estos flujos comerciales y de la especialización que determinan, así como la forma de captar adecuadamente su dinámica. por último se presenta evidencia empírica para la industria española de la magnitud que representa el comercio intra-industrial sobre el total del comercio de manufacturas, del tipo de diferenciación de producto que subyace a estos flujos comerciales, distinguiendo entre diferenciación vertical y horizontal y de las características dinámicas del mismo.
Análisis económico de la financiación de la Seguridad Social española
Authors:   Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Pérez Infante José Ignacio
Published: February 2025

La financiación de la Seguridad Social española es uno de los temas más controvertidos en relación a la problemática de la protección social y a las dificultades de la economía española para crear empleo. En el artículo se analiza la evolución y situación actual de la financiación de nuestro sistema de Seguridad Social, la importancia que en dicha financiación tienen las cotizaciones sociales de empresas y trabajadores, así como la comparación de la situación española con la de los restantes países de la OCDE y de la Unión Europea. También se estudian los efectos que la financiación de la Seguridad Social tiene sobre la presión contributiva de las cotizaciones sociales en relación a los salarios y sobre los costes laborales y el empleo de la economía española. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre las consecuencias que en el empleo y la inflación tendría una sustitución de las cotizaciones sociales por otros impuestos.
El trabajo doméstico no monetarizado: por una nueva metodología de la ciencia económica sobre el trabajo
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, Chinchetru Pérez Felisa
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de este artículo es hacer un análisis sobre el tratamiento dado al trabajo doméstico y su valoración en el contexto específico de la ciencia económica. En una primera parte se hace un repaso de la relación de la economía en su sentido más convencional, con el trabajo doméstico. La segunda parte, más cuantitativa, se ocupa de los problemas de medición del sector doméstico y de los diferentes métodos de aproximación a la evaluación del trabajo doméstico, terminando con una aplicación referida a la C.A. de Euskadi.
El papel de la Universidad Pública en la política tecnológica vasca
Authors:   Universidad del País Vasco, Intxaurburu Gurutze , Olaskoaga Jon ,   Gobierno Vasco
Published: February 2025

Al hilo de los nuevos enfoques en la política de fomento del desarrollo económico regional y en la noción del cambio tecnológico, se ha venido difundiendo, en la mayor parte de las economías europeas, una nueva percepción de las instituciones universitarias. Desde este nuevo punto de vista, la existencia de una universidad en el entorno regional se considera un factor más de competitividad para sus empresas, por lo que las acciones de política económica que tengan por objetivo a las instituciones universitarias quedan perfectamente justificadas. En este artículo se relatan las acciones emprendidas por parte de las autoridades vascas en materia de política tecnológica, y que tienen por objeto favorecer el aprovechamiento del potencial que representa la universidad pública vasca de cara a la competitividad de la región y de sus empresas.
Crecimiento y redistribución en el Estado de Bienestar
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid, González Páramo José Manuel
Published: February 2025

Ordenar el debate sobre la llamada 'crisis del Estado de Bienestar' es tan necesario como complicado. Sería vano aspirar en pocas líneas a dar cumplida respuesta a una tarea de este calado. Pero puede ser útil, sin embargo, abordar un objetivo más modesto, como es el de responder a la siguiente cuestión: ¿Qué relación existe entre el crecimiento económico y el desarrollo del Estado de Bienestar? Una respuesta, compartida casi unánimemente por la profesión económica, es la siguiente: un Estado de Bienestar maduro no es sostenible a largo plazo en escenarios de estancamiento demográfico y crecimiento económico reducido. En este marco, el crecimiento a largo plazo sólo puede financiar un Estado de Bienestar de tamaño más pequeño que el actual. Sin embargo, afirmar que el sector público es muy grande o muy pequeño es algo que carece de contenido, porque el Estado actúa de forma distinta en ámbitos económicos muy diferentes. Refiriéndonos en concreto al gasto social, de la discusión desarrollada en el trabajo se sigue que hay un peso del Estado de Bienestar que hace máximo el crecimiento de la renta per capita a medio plazo. Parece que los objetivos de crecer y alcanzar niveles de renta per capita altos requieren del concurso del Estado de Bienestar, si bien la dimensión de los sectores públicos occidentales parece estar muy por encima del óptimo.
'Paro, pobreza y desigualdad en España: análisis transversal y longitudinal
Authors:   Universidad de Zaragoza, García Mainar Inmaculada , Toharia Luis ,   Universidad de Alcalá
Published: February 2025

El propósito de este artículo es analizar la relación existente entre nivel de paro y pobreza relativa, tanto desde un punto de vista transversal o estático como desde uno longitudinal o dinámico. El análisis transversal se basa en los resultados del primer ciclo del Panel de Hogares de la Unión Europea, referidos a los años 1993-94. En cuanto al análisis longitudinal, se basa fundamentalmente en los datos enlazados de la Encuesta de Población Activa, referidos al periodo 1992-97. Los resultados de este trabajo aportan nuevos datos para sustentar la idea de que las familias españolas constituyen el principal soporte que permite a los parados sobrellevar su situación. Ello se deduce tanto del nivel de renta y riqueza que tienen los muchos hogares en los que conviven ocupados y parados como de la notable movilidad de entrada y salida de la pobreza que se observa.
Cambios en el modelo de especialización sectorial del País Vasco y de las restantes comunidades autónomas en el periodo 1980-1994
Authors:   Ministerio de Economía y Hacienda, Rodríguez Nuño Vicente
Published: February 2025

En este artículo se analiza, en base al empleo, el modelo de especialización sectorial seguido por cada una de las comunidades autónomas y por las ciudades de Ceuta y Melilla entre los años 1980 y 1994, observándose que, en general, para el nivel de desagregación sectorial -diecisiete ramas- y espacial del trabajo, los cambios en estos modelos de especialización no han sido importantes en el periodo contemplado, que es una fase relativamente corta a efectos de modificación significativa de la especialización sectorial de las regiones.
Married Woman's Surname in Turkish Law from the Perspective of Human Rights Law
Authors: çakmak ufuk ramazan
Published: February 2025

Kadının soyadı meselesi Türk hukukunda en çok tartışılan konulardan birisidir. 1926 tarihli 743 sayılı önceki Türk Medeni Kanunu’nun ilk halinde kadının evlenmesi halinde kocasının aile adını alması öngörülmüştür. Önceki Medeni Kanunun
evli kadının soyadına ilişkin 153. maddesinde 1997 yılında değişiklik yapılmıştır. Bu düzenlemede evli kadının kocasının soyadını taşıyabileceği ya da kocasının soyadının önünde bekarlık soyadını kullanabileceği belirtilmiştir.
Söz konusu bu düzenleme 2002 tarihinde yürürlüğe giren 4721 sayılı Türk Medeni Kanunu’nun (TMK)187. maddesinde de yer almıştır. Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi (AİHM) önüne gelen başvurularda kadının bekarlık soyadını tek başına
kullanamamasını ayrımcılık yasağını ihlali olarak görmüştür. Benzer şekilde Anayasa Mahkemesi de bireysel başvuruya ilişkin kararlarında kadının evlendikten sonra sadece bekarlık soyadını kullanamamasını cinsiyet temelinde ayrımcılık
olarak yorumlamıştır. Günümüzdeki uygulamada kadınların dava açması halinde bekarlık soyadını tek başına kullanma yönündeki talepleri olumlu karşılanmaktadır. Bununla birlikte kadınların bekarlık soyadlarını kullanabilmek için
dava açmak zorunda olması, ayrımcı muameleyi ortadan kaldırmamaktadır. Nitekim Anayasa Mahkemesi 28 Nisan 2023 tarihinde Resmi Gazete’de yayımlanan kararıyla 187. maddenin Anayasa’ya aykırı olduğuna hükmetmiştir.
Intentional Harm and Legal Justifications in English Law
Authors: Özcan Emine Pınar
Published: February 2025

This article examines the intricate dimensions of intentional harm and its legal justifications in English law. It delves into the legal framework defining intentional harm, highlighting its historical evolution and current statutes.
The focus then shifts to the core legal justifications - self-defense, defense of others, prevention of crime, and the roles of duress and necessity. A critical analysis of key case laws provides a nuanced understanding of how
judicial interpretations have shaped the application of these defenses. The article also explores the controversial aspects and reform debates surrounding these justifications, underscoring the complexities in balancing individual
rights with public safety. A comparative analysis reveals the varied interpretations and applications of these defenses, reflecting on their impact and implications. The conclusion synthesizes the findings, contemplating potential
future developments and emphasizing the ongoing significance of these legal justifications in the realm of criminal law.
The Hague Convention of 5 October 1961 on the Convention Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents and Apostille
Authors: TABANLI FİGEN , Karaosmanoğlu Gökçe Varol
Published: February 2025

5 Ekim 1961 tarihli “Yabancı Resmî Belgelerin Tasdiki Mecburiyetinin Kaldırılmasına Dair Lahey Sözleşmesi”, Türkiye’de 20.06.1984 tarih ve 3028 sayılı Kanunla uygun bulunarak, 29.09.1985 tarihinde yürürlüğe girmiştir. Apostil (onay
şerhi) ile birlikte, bir belgenin başka bir devlette de geçerliliğinin teyit edilerek, yasal olarak kullanılmasını sağlayan bir yöntem oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. “Yabancı Resmî Belgelerin Tasdiki Mecburiyetinin Kaldırılmasına
Dair 5 Ekim 1961 tarihli Lahey Sözleşmesi ” on beş maddeden oluşan bir sözleşmedir. Söz konusu Sözleşme’de, Sözleşme’ye ilişkin açıklamalara, Sözleşme kapsamındaki belgelere, Sözleşme’yle ilgili şekil şartlarına ve usûle yer verilmiştir.
Ayrıca Sözleşme tarafından öngörülen sertifikanın örneği olan bir ek içermektedir. Uygulamada, apostilin şekli, hangi belgelerde apostil uygulanacağı, e-apostil uygulaması gibi pek çok konuda problem vardır. Çalışmada Sözleşme’nin
niteliğine, içeriğine ve konu ile ilgili olan yargı kararlarına değinilerek, bu problemlere ışık tutulmaya çalışılmıştır. Böylelikle, çalışmada Sözleşme’nin uluslararası hukuk, medeni usûl hukuku ve milletlerarası özel hukuk bakımından
incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Administrative Functions of the Press Advertisement Agency in terms of Official Advertisement Management in Turkish Law
Authors: KAPLAN Onur
Published: February 2025

Türk hukukunda anayasada temel hak ve hürriyetler seviyesine yükseltilen basın hürriyeti, belirli bir fikri ürün haline gelen değer ve nesnenin yayınlanmasını ve ilgililere ulaştırılmasını ihtiva etmektedir. Özellikle, iletişim, medya
gibi kavramlarla bağlantılı olarak basın kavramının toplum açısından önemi, hukuki boyutuyla da konunun ele alınmasını gerektirmektedir. Basın ve yayın organlarının faaliyetlerinin genel olarak serbest piyasa faaliyeti olduğu ifade
edilebilirse de bu alanda devletin müdahalesi ve girişimi söz konusudur. Bu doğrultuda, idari makamların resmi ilanlarının yayınlanmasına aracılık ederek koordinasyon görevini üstlenmek, ilgili piyasada faaliyet gösteren özel hukuk
kişilerini desteklemek ve gerekli araç-gereçleri temin etmek maksadıyla kamu tüzelkişiliğine sahip Basın İlan Kurumu oluşturulmuştur. Literatürde, özellikle idare hukuku boyutuyla; basın hürriyeti, resmi ilan yönetimi ile Basın
İlan Kurumunun görev ve yetkilerini hukuki açıdan irdeleyen yeterli çalışmanın bulunmaması nedeniyle, bu çalışmanın yapılması ihtiyacı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu kapsamda, Basın İlan Kurumunun resmi ilanların yönetimine dair kamusal
yetkilerinin kullanımı neticesinde basın hürriyetinin ne şekilde etkilendiği hususu yargı kararlarından hareketle incelenecektir.
APPEARANCES OF BALANCE OF INTERESTS IN CONCORDAT
Authors: SARISÖZEN M. Serhat
Published: February 2025

Cebri icra kurumu olarak kabul edilen konkordato sayesinde, borçlu, kendisine verilen süre boyunca işlerinin başında olacak ve borçlarını “konkordato projesinde” belirttiği şekilde ödeyecektir. Buna karşın alacaklılar ise bu süreci
konkordato komiserinin gözetiminde takip ederek beklemek durumunda kalacaktır. Bu bekleyiş, alacaklıların çoğunlukla menfaatine olmamakla birlikte kanun koyucu alacaklı ve borçlu arasında kısmi de olsa bir menfaat dengesini kurmaya
yine de özen göstermiştir. Bu çalışmada konkordatoda yapılan değişiklikler bakımından menfaat dengesinin özel görünümlerini inceleyeceğiz.
EVALUATION OF CO-OPERATIVE PARTNERSHIP AND BOARD MEMBERSHIP OF FOREIGNERS GRANTED SOME SPECIAL STATUS UNDER TURKISH LAW
Authors: GÜMÜŞLÜ TUNÇAĞIL Gülce
Published: February 2025

Bu makalenin amacı, uygulamada karşılaşılan bir mesele olarak yabancıların kooperatif ortağı ve yönetim kurulu üyesi olup olamayacağının Türk mevzuatı açısından değerlendirmektir. Çalışmamızda iç hukukumuz uyarınca özel statü tanınan
bazı yabancıların durumu üzerinde durulacaktır. Doğumla Türk vatandaşı olup çıkma yoluyla Türk vatandaşlığını kaybeden yabancıların ve bu yabancıların üçüncü dereceye kadar alt soylarının (Mavi Kart sahipleri), Turkuaz Kart sahiplerinin,
uzun dönem ikamet izni sahiplerinin ve süresiz çalışma izni sahiplerinin Türkiye’de kurulu bir kooperatife ortak ya da yönetim kurulu üyesi olarak katılım sağlayıp sağlayamayacağı hususu kooperatifler için temel düzenleme niteliğinde
olan 1163 sayılı Kooperatifler Kanunu hükümleri çerçevesinde ele alınacaktır. Bu kapsamda çalışmamız yabancı gerçek kişilerin kooperatif ortağı ve yönetim kurulu üyesi olma hakkını haiz olup olmadığıyla sınırlı olacağından yabancı
tüzel kişiler çalışma kapsamı dışında bırakılmıştır.
Deteksi dan Kuantifikasi Rhodamin B pada Tiga Jenis Kosmetik tanpa Nomor Izin BPOM yang Beredar di Pasar Tradisional Kota Depok
Authors: Setyaningsih Erwi Putri , Manullang Cindy , Subaryanti Subaryanti
Published: February 2025

Perona bibir, perona mata, dan perona pipi tanpa nomor izin BPOM banyak diperjualbelikan terutama di pasar tradisional. Warna yang menarik dan beragam pada kosmetik tersebut menjadi daya tarik bagi konsumen, namun produk tersebut patut diwaspadai karena dapat mengandung bahan kimia berbahaya seperti Rhodamin B. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeteksi kandungan dan mengetahui kadar rhodamin B pada perona bibir, perona pipi, dan perona mata tanpa nomor izin BPOM yang beredar di pasar Tradisional Kota Depok. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis kualitatif menggunakan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis dengan fase gerak etil asetat : n-butanol : amonia (60:20:20) dan analisis kuantitatif secara Spektrofotometri UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 530 nm. Proses ekstraksi untuk menarik rhodamin B atau zat pewarna pada sampel dengan cara menambahkan HCl 4M dan metanol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 15 sampel yang diuji, terdapat 4 sampel yang positif mengandung Rhodamin B dengan kode S4, S10, S12, dan S14 dengan kadar Rhodamin B pada sampel kode S4 sebesar 0,27158 mg/g, kode S10 sebesar 0,48093 mg/g, kode S12 sebesar 0,29712 mg/g, kode S14 sebesar 0,36881 mg/g.
Gender Disparities in STEM Education and Patterns of Female Participation in India
Authors: K Dr. Sindhu , M Dr. Siby. K. , Santhosh Dr. R. , Karunakaran Dr. N.
Published: February 2025

This study explores the gender disparities in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education in India over ten years, spanning from 2012 to 2022, using data from the All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) for the academic year 2021-22. The focus is on engineering and science disciplines across different levels of education—undergraduate (UG), postgraduate (PG), MPhil, and PhD. Using Becker’s D coefficient to measure the degree of gender imbalance, the analysis reveals that male students consistently dominate engineering programs, especially at the UG and PhD levels, where the D coefficient regularly exceeds 1, indicating a significant overrepresentation of males. While there are some positive trends at the MPhil level, where female participation occasionally surpasses male enrollment, the data suggests that women continue to face challenges advancing into doctoral research in engineering. In science fields, the gender dynamics are more balanced. Female students outnumber males at the PG and MPhil levels, as reflected by negative D coefficients. The UG level shows a relatively equal distribution between genders, with a slight female majority in recent years, which mirrors broader national trends of increasing female participation in science. However, male dominance returns at the PhD level, highlighting the structural obstacles that women encounter in pursuing advanced research careers in science. These findings underscore the importance of targeted policy interventions to address these disparities and promote gender equity in STEM education, particularly in engineering and at the doctoral level.
Machine Learning Approaches for Detection of SQL Injection Attacks
Authors: Anwar Ican
Published: February 2025

This study addresses the escalating cybersecurity challenges posed by SQL injection attacks in web applications and databases. This study aims to explore and evaluate the effectiveness of machine learning techniques in detecting SQL injection attacks, providing insights into the current state of research. The research involves collecting a relevant dataset of normal and malicious SQL queries, training and testing machine learning models (Support Vector Machines, Deep Neural Networks, and Random Forest). The Deep Neural Networks model stand out with the highest accuracy 0.95 and recall 0.98, indicating its robust capability to correctly classify instances of SQL Injection Attacks. The study contributes valuable insights into the current landscape of machine learning applications for SQL injection detection, providing a foundation for further exploration and analysis in this critical cybersecurity domain.
A Data-Driven Approach to Dengue Fever Mapping: A Review
Authors: Maulana Muhammad Mico , A Sanmorino
Published: February 2025

Dengue fever remains a pressing public health issue, especially in tropical and subtropical regions where urbanization, climate change, and ineffective vector control contribute to frequent outbreaks. Traditional surveillance methods often fall short in providing timely and accurate insights, necessitating data-driven approaches for improved monitoring and intervention. This review explores various computational methodologies, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS), machine learning, and predictive modeling, to enhance dengue outbreak mapping and risk assessment. Studies from Bangladesh, Thailand, Malaysia, and Reunion Island demonstrate how integrating epidemiological data with environmental and socio-economic factors improves outbreak prediction and control efforts. Advanced techniques, such as dynamic mapping of the basic reproduction number (R0) and deep learning models like Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, further enhance forecasting accuracy. Additionally, innovative control strategies, such as Wolbachia-infected mosquito releases, show promise in reducing dengue transmission. By synthesizing recent research, this review underscores the critical role of data science in strengthening dengue surveillance, prediction, and intervention strategies.
Analysis of Financial Reports at BUMDES Tambaksari Village, Rubaru District, Sumenep Regency Based on SAK ETAP
Authors: Zainuddin Mohammad , Suprihandari Miya Dewi , Raharjo Kusuma Adi , Subandoro Agus
Published: February 2025

This study aims to assess the compliance of the financial statements of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) in Tambaksari Village with the Financial Accounting Standards for Entities Without Public Accountability (SAK ETAP). It adopts a qualitative research approach, conducting thorough observations and analysis of BUMDes financial statements. Data collection methods include descriptive qualitative techniques, interviews, documentation, and literature studies pertaining to SAK ETAP-based financial reporting. The findings reveal several challenges, notably the non-compliance of financial statements with SAK ETAP and a lack of awareness among BUMDes in Tambaksari Village regarding financial report analysis, attributed to limited knowledge.