bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
STUDY OF DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HYBRID TITANIUM-POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Authors: Babaytsev Arseniy , Lopatin Sergey , Nasonov Fedor
Published: April 2024

Low specific weight and high mechanical strength (especially at elevated temperatures) of titanium and its alloys make them very valuable aviation materials. In the field of aircraft construction and aircraft engine production, titanium is increasingly replacing aluminum and stainless steel. At present, aircraft developers are restructuring the whole material science concept of aircraft construction, actively involving and using various types of composite materials based on titanium alloys. Combined with the properties of titanium, FML composites based on titanium have greater stiffness, impact resistance, heat resistance, and corrosion resistance especially compared to similar aluminum-based materials. The paper investigates the dynamic characteristics of hybrid titanium-polymer composite materials (TPCM) based on titanium alloy BT-23 and fiberglass with a brief presentation of the main characteristics of prepregs. The process of manufacturing specimens for testing including heat treatment, ply laying scheme and reinforcement scheme in two variants is described. The results of experimental studies of natural frequencies and damping coefficient by the method of free damped oscillations in free oscillations of TPCM plates are presented. The tests are carried out on a specially designed unit with a triangulation sensor in the variant of vertical loading. Two identical specimens with different overall dimensions are tested.Each specimen was tested with a different amplitude. Five tests were conducted for each amplitude. The physical constants of the specimens were pre-determined in static tests. The natural frequencies and damping coefficients for the titanium-polymer composite specimens were found.
ANALYTICAL APPROACH TO DETERMINE LONGITUDINAL DEFORMATION OF THE EXISTING PRECAST TUNNEL DURING CONSTRUCTION OF A FULL-LENGTH EXCAVATION PIT
Authors: Nguyen Trong Tam , Nguyen Van Hung
Published: April 2024

In the realm of urban construction employing excavation techniques, safeguarding existing underground structures from detrimental consequences arising from surface construction operations poses a formidable challenge. The reduction of loads due to excavation activities can induce unintended responses, potentially jeopardizing subterranean infrastructure, particularly high-safety-demanding structures like Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) tunnels. This article introduces an uncomplicated method for ascertaining the axial displacement of TBM tunnels amidst concurrent surface excavation activities. Primarily, the approach entails the identification of stress variations encountered during soil excavation at the tunnel face. Subsequently, employing the solutions derived for the determination of tunnel deformation subjected to concentrated loads, the deformation incurred by the tunnel due to alterations in excavation-induced stress is quantified. The analytical outcomes are meticulously juxtaposed against results generated from a three-dimensional computational model. The comparative analysis demonstrates that the displacement values and axial deviations calculated using the proposed analytical method exhibit only marginal disparities of 4,3% and 1%, respectively, when compared to those obtained through finite element analysis. This study underscores the efficient predictive capabilities of the analytical method in assessing tunnel deformations, enabling a preliminary estimation of critical parameters associated with the excavation pit. These findings have significant implications for mitigating adverse impacts on existing subterranean infrastructure in densely populated urban areas.
Governmentality Perspective as a Contemporary Strategy for Rural Community Development in Nigeria
Authors: Ezeudu Tochukwu S. , Ezekwelu Kingsley C.
Published: April 2024

This study delves into the intricate dynamics of governmentality in the context of rural community development in Nigeria. It examines diverse participant perceptions of governmentality initiatives, highlighting the influence of socio-cultural and economic contexts. The research also assesses the impact of these initiatives on rural development outcomes, emphasizing improvements in infrastructure, community engagement, and socio-economic conditions. Challenges, including resource constraints and transparency issues, are explored, along with the pivotal role of community participation and effective communication. The findings underscore the significance of contextspecific approaches, community involvement, and addressing regional disparities in rural development. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners, advocating for nuanced strategies that account for the unique characteristics of Nigeria’s rural communities. Recommendations encompass tailored approaches, transparency, capacity building, resource mobilization, and cultural preservation. By heeding these recommendations, stakeholders can enhance the effectiveness of governmentality-oriented initiatives, fostering sustainable and equitable development across diverse regions.
Analysis of the Effectiveness in Carrying Out Cultural and Patriotic Events by the Municipality in the Conditions of Special Military Operation on the Example of the City of Belgorod
Authors: Strigunova Darya A. , Putimtsev Denis N. , Minasyan Garush S.
Published: April 2024

This study analyzes data on cultural and patriotic events that took place in the city of Belgorod in the period from 2022. The study identified the main trends in the development of such events in the conditions of Special Military Operation. It is concluded that despite the alarming situation that occurred after the shelling, the city of Belgorod continues to show determination and perseverance in organizing mass events based on mechanisms of cooperation between authorities and residents.
Information Warfare as a Tool of Political Confrontation in the Modern Multipolar World
Authors: Goncharova Irina V. , Nicevich Victor F. , Sudorgin Oleg A.
Published: April 2024

The study is devoted to the analysis of the phenomenon of information warfare in the modern world. Authors concretized the concept of information warfare and its connection with hybrid warfare, which has replaced the mechanisms of direct “forceful” influence in a rapidly changing political architecture. The significance of the wars of the XXI century, which are conducted from the position of “soft power” and are characterized by a protracted nature, is revealed. Information warfare is considered as their most important component. The authors highlight the following features of information wars: they are conducted in the cultural field; their purpose is to transform the consciousness of a political opponent. These wars are aimed at value orientations, traditions, historical and cultural identity. The emergence of the concept of “information warfare” in the article is associated with the end of the Cold War at the end of the XX century and the definition of a new U.S. strategy. The main conditions and reasons for the transition to a new type of war are the collapse of the bipolar world, the growing threat of international terrorism, and the erosion of ethnic and cultural identity within the United States and allied countries themselves. Cybernetic troops are analyzed as a new specialized type of troops. The authors revealed two main spaces of the information war impact: the communicative environment and the field of probable social macro-conflict. Information warfare in research is considered as part of a military, economic, and geopolitical confrontation. The authors substantiate that an extremely intensive information war has been waged against the Russian Federation for more than 20 years. It involves depriving Russia not only of allies, but also replacing the “cultural and historical codes” in friendly countries, primarily by reformatting the consciousness of young people. The authors analyzed the documents aimed at solving the problem of information wars in Russia - the “Information Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation” and the “National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation”.
The Impact of the Soviet Heritage on Women’s Political Leadership in Modern Russia
Authors: Ivleva Tatyana A.
Published: April 2024

The study analyzes the specifics of women’s political leadership in the USSR and identifies the factors that predetermined the secondary role of women in Soviet, and later modern Russian politics. The purpose of this study is to identify the features of women’s activities as political leaders in the Soviet state and compare them with the features of women’s participation in political power in modern Russia. To achieve the goal, historical-chronological and comparative analysis are used as research methods. The unique experience of the women’s departments is considered in detail, as well as the personal factor of Soviet women leaders as the reason for political success. It is concluded that during the entire existence of the Soviet Union, the parity ratio of men and women at any level of power was not achieved even despite attempts to introduce various measures, such as a quota system, to achieve this goal. However, among the reasons for this situation, it was highlighted that attempts to achieve gender parity in government were primarily ideological in nature and aimed not at achieving real equality, but at demonstrating the ideology of the USSR on the world stage. The presence of women in the highest government positions in the USSR was an extremely rare phenomenon, since, in order to meet practical needs, the state, as a rule, preferred to involve women in politics at the lowest levels of the political hierarchy. A comparative analysis of women’s political leadership in the Soviet period with the present has shown that the same trend persists in modern Russia.
Attitudes of Labor Migrants from Central Asia to International Integration Organizations in the Post-Soviet Space
Authors: Grebenyuk Aleksandr A. , Protasova Vera A. , Averyanov Albert A.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of a sociological empirical study that was conducted from May to August in 2023. Its purpose was to study the attitudes of labor migrants in Russia towards various international integration processes in the post-Soviet space. The objects of the study were workers from Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan, working in Moscow and the Moscow region. The choice of these countries is not accidental, as they are the main migration donors to the Russian Federation in Central Asia. The uniqueness of the research results lies in the fact that despite the certain “popularity” of such an empirical object as “labor migrants.” The analyzed subject has not yet been sufficiently developed theoretically and empirically. Particular attention is paid to the political preferences and migration attitudes of labor migrants. The issue of awareness of foreign workers of the activities of international integration and military-political associations, such as the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), European Union (EU), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and also the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is examined. The paper also presents the respondents’ assessment of the role of these associations in the development of international processes. Separately, the article examines the relationship between Russia and migrant-sending countries. Based on the results of the study, the authors conclude that respondents have a positive attitude towards integration associations in which Russia plays a key role. Moreover, the socio-political attitudes of foreign workers are characterized by a high degree of loyalty to the foreign policy of the Russian Federation. Migrants overwhelmingly support international cooperation between their countries and Russia and share the foreign policy position of the Russian Federation. In conclusion, labor migrants from Central Asia can be considered as a resource and capital of the influence of Russian “soft power.”
Book Review: Roumate, F. (Ed.). (2021). Artificial Intelligence and Digital Diplomacy: Challenges and Opportunities. Cham: Springer, 255 p.
Authors: Sufiyanova Gulnur R. , Muslimova Ekaterina O.
Published: April 2024

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Between Peace and Conflict: The Middle East After the Abraham Accords
Authors: Abdullayev Hasan P.
Published: April 2024

In 2020, four Arab states - Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, Sudan and Morocco - took their first steps toward normalizing relations with Israel with the active US support. This research is an attempt to identify the main incentives which made the Arab states act the way they did, as well as to analyze the situation of the Palestinians amidst the strengthening of relations between Israel and the Arab world. The author also examines how the conflict between Israel and Hamas, which began on October 7, 2023, has affected the established diplomatic, economic, and military ties between the Jewish state and the Arab countries which signed the Abraham Accords. The study concludes that one of the main incentives for Arab states to normalize relations with Israel is the desire to deepen military and technical cooperation with the U.S. At the same time, it would be far-fetched to consider the normalization of relations between the four states and Israel as a step toward regional stabilization, given the reaction of the Palestinians and other Middle Eastern states to the agreements embraced. The reaction reflects the failure to find a common approach to the Middle East peace process as well as the fact that there is no region-widely shared view on shaping a new regional architecture. In this context, it is worth highlighting the situation of the Palestinians, for whom these agreements were a stab in the back and created unfavorable conditions for the establishment of a full-fledged state of Palestine. The study also emphasizes that the future of the “Abraham Accords” and the possibility of their expansion will depend on the development of the conflict between Israel and Hamas, as well as on the readiness of the parties to reach a long-term peaceful settlement. The continuation of the conflict in Gaza would seriously undermine Israel’s image in the Arab world and would certainly undermine the fundamental principles of the Abraham Accords, which would diminish the importance of these agreements. This study offers a valuable perspective on the complex and dynamic relationships in the Middle East region and contributes to understanding the motives and consequences of recent geopolitical changes.
China’s Digital Silk Road: Challenges and Opportunities for Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Arsentyeva Irina I.
Published: April 2024

The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a Beijing-led format for international cooperation through the building of land and sea corridors connecting China with other countries and regions. One of its pillars is the Digital Silk Road (DSR), which aims to reduce the digital divide and improve the digital connectivity of the participating countries. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the DSR’s activation, which makes it urgent to study its practical implementation in different regions. The aim of this article is to analyze the conceptual foundations of the DSR and its implementation in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The study relies on the technology leadership theory, which allows considering the DSR as an alternative format of cooperation used by China to reform digital international relations. Since it challenges the technological dominance of the West, especially the United States, the power transition theory is also of heuristic value. The methodological basis of the research covers a wide range of general scientific methods of political analysis. The primary sources of empirical analysis are government documents, papers of think tanks, international organizations and forums, statistical data, interactive maps, speeches by officials, etc. In the course of the study, the following objectives are achieved: to trace the evolution of the DSR concept in the official policy discourse; to systematize scientific works on the issue; to highlight key elements of the initiative; to identify opportunities and limitations for its implementation in the LAC region; to present the US response to the intensification of Sino-LAC digital cooperation. It is concluded that the DSR plays an important role in achieving the strategic objective of transforming China into a technological superpower. Therefore, it is highly likely to become a backbone of cooperation under the BRI.
Sociological education in Belarus: History and the present time
Authors: Danilov A. N , Rotman D. G
Published: April 2024

As has happened more than once in history, today education again needs a clear direction for its development. The whirlwinds of change calmed down, and it became obvious that a lot of good things had been lost: education is essentially conservative, and this is its great advantage. Education shows a path to eternal truths, to understanding the laws of evolution and the world of the mind. The university in this sense is not a place of services, bargain, purchase or sale, it is a temple of science and truth, which by definition cannot be widespread. The university lives its own life but in connection with the state, its history, national traditions and values. The article considers the problems of the transformation of sociological education and institutionalization of sociology in Belarus. The teaching of sociological disciplines began with the opening of the Belarusian State University (BSU) in 1921. Professor S.Z. Katzenbogen became the first teacher of sociological disciplines and the head of the department of sociology and primitive culture. This was followed by a more than a thirty-year forced break due to the removal of sociology from the curriculum, repressions of the 1930s, the Great Patriotic War and post-war reconstruction. The revival of sociology began in the 1960s with the efforts of G.P. Davidyuk and E.M. Babosov. Sociological departments were opened at the Academy of Sciences and leading universities; sociology became one of the main sources of knowledge about the contemporary society and social well-being. Despite all difficulties and obstacles, sociology has become in demand under the current uncertainty, global instability and social turbulence. However, the ignorance of national experience and educational traditions and mechanical borrowing of foreign practices is unacceptable and leads to stagnation.
Higher education in the Eurasian Economic Union: Potential and problems of cooperation
Authors: Osadchaya G. I. , Yudina T. N.
Published: April 2024

To solve the integration tasks of forming a common labor market, interpenetration of values and ideas, ensuring mutual understanding and trust between peoples, the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) needs a single educational space, similar educational and professional standards, mutual recognition of diplomas, academic degrees and titles. The article considers academic mobility within the EAEU and current practices of cooperation between its member-states and observer countries in the field of higher education based on the data of the Eurasian Economic Commission (EEC) and the Russian Federal State Statistics Service (to assess the efficiency of promoting the ideas of Eurasian integration) and on the results of the authors’ empirical research (to identify potential for the development of cooperation between the EAEU member-states and observer countries in the field of education). The authors show a decrease in student exchange between universities of member-states and an increase in the number of students from non-CIS countries; Russia still accepts more students than its EAEU partners, which proves the inequality of student and teachers’ academic mobility and the need for changes in legislation and funding under the growing competition with Turkey, Europe and China in the field of education. The article considers the development of the structure and programs of educational cooperation, the expansion of branches of leading universities in other countries, the creation by leading universities of the Consortium, Eurasian Network University and Slavic Universities, and so on. The development of cooperation between the EAEU member-states and observer countries in the field of higher education requires an agreement between participants of integration at the highest level, classification of the higher education issues as a separate area of cooperation, expansion of legal regulation of cooperation issues and creation of an institutional form for the EAEU management in the sphere of higher education.
Applied sociological projects in the context of the clinical educational model of the Saint Petersburg State University
Authors: Safonov I. E. , Sanadze Ya. D. , Rusakova M. M. , Skvortsov N. G.
Published: April 2024

Applied sociological projects can play an important role in reducing the gap between higher education and labor markets, but for this educational organizations need to develop a mechanism for interaction between students and employers. The article presents the clinical model used at the Saint Petersburg State University as a tool for organizing applied sociological projects as a part of the educational process. The authors describe the features of the Sociological Clinic of Applied Research of the Saint Petersburg State University, the results of its work and the directions of its development, providing some practical recommendations for introducing a clinical training infrastructure in educational programs in sociology. These recommendations may be useful for universities that want to improve their interaction with the labor market and their quality of education. The development and assessment of forms for integrating employers’ requests into educational institutions are current methodological tasks, and solutions developed and tested by the Saint Petersburg State University, namely the clinical approach, may be interesting for all participants of the education market. Its uniqueness is determined by the flexible organizational model which focuses on characteristics of different educational areas. Over a five-year period, the Sociological Clinic of Applied Research has become an educational form that successfully combines classical education with project-based activities, giving students the opportunity to include in-demand cases into their portfolios and establish relationships with representatives of local communities. This experience will be useful for improving the quality of education in sociology-related areas.
The socialcultural context of the formation and implementation of the sociological education models in Russia
Authors: Bulanova M. B
Published: April 2024

The article considers historical aspects of the formation and implementation of the sociological education models in Russia. The model developed by N.I. Kareev and M.M. Kovalevsky at the end of the 19th century was to teach sociology to students of all areas of university training. In 1901, sociologization of social sciences started at the Russian School of Higher Social Sciences in Paris, and in 1908 it was improved at the departments of sociology of the V.M. Bekhterev Psychoneurological Institute and A.L. Shanyavsky Moscow City People’s University. In 1918, P.A. Sorokin developed a professional model for training sociologists; until 1921 this model was implemented at the faculties of social sciences of the Moscow, Petrograd and Yaroslavl State Universities. In 1922, the implementation of both models was suspended due to the introduction of centralized plans to teach the basics of MarxismLeninism to students. The creative potential of two historical models became in demand during perestroika , in the late 1980s - early 1990s, and new versions of the educational and professional models were introduced in the higher education in favorable conditions for the reinstitutionalization of sociology. However, since 2010, there has been a gradual reduction in the number of sociological departments and faculties in Bachelor’s-Master’s programs. Today educational and professional models are unevenly represented in the Russian higher education; their implementation remains questionable due to the idea of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education to return to training students on the basis of the enlarged groups of specialties, i.e. sociology curriculum will have to be coordinated with curricula for regional studies, international relations, tourism and political science.
Model of sociology training introduced by the fourthgeneration Federal State Educational Standard
Authors: Temnova L. V
Published: April 2024

Today a new level-system of higher education is formed in Russia through significant changes that meet the new requirements for specialists in economics, social sectors, and all spheres of public life. The new system is to incorporate the developments of the Soviet educational model and the experience of recent decades. The article considers a new model of sociological training implied in the reform of the higher education system and in the fourthgeneration Federal State Educational Standard (FSES). One of the central ideas of the new system is to provide students with the opportunity to choose a field of study not upon entering a university, but at the third year of study, which would increase the awareness of professional choice, help graduates to more successfully integrate into the labor market due to a broader educational base and ensure the flexibility of educational programs, preserving the “fundamental core” in each. Thus, the first two years are for general (for the enlarged group of areas) training, and then specialized (sociological) training starts. However, the draft of the new standard proposed by the Ministry of Education and Science, which is based on updated, enlarged groups of areas, would not improve the professional training of sociologists. The mandatory general part for all areas in the group would inevitably reduce the professional part of training, thus, depriving the higher sociological education of connections with practice and destroying the focused training of specialists, which contradicts the demands of society and the labor market, and the goals of the country’s social-economic development. There are also other problems: an unpredictable extension of the time to enter the labor market; not identified mechanisms for distributing student quotas between areas within the group, for funding an extended period of study (20 %-40 % increase in cost) and an increased teaching load. The current pilot project designed for three years would not allow to make valid conclusions about the suggested changes as students will not even complete the basic level of higher education. Therefore, it is necessary to return to the FSES for each area of training, to further develop regulatory and legal grounds for the transition from the Bologna system with a focus on the values and goals of the Russian higher education, and to ensure a broad public-p rofessional discussion about the planned reforms.
Salud laboral en la agricultura: El reto de un nuevo contrato social a través del prisma de la transacción social
Authors: Stoessel-Ritz Josiane
Published: April 2024

En la era del Antropoceno, las perturbaciones climáticas aceleran la crisis, señalando la necesidad urgente de transformar modos de producción agrícola costosos e insostenibles, como la agricultura industrial intensiva en Francia. En contra de las recomendaciones científicas, este tipo de agricultura sigue su curso productivista mediante el uso excesivo de pesticidas perjudiciales para la salud de los trabajadores agrícolas, los consumidores y la biodiversidad. Este artículo examina el contrato social tácito entre la agricultura y la sociedad, en el que se supone que la agricultura sirve a un interés general superior a través de su función de fuente de alimentos, al tiempo que garantiza la preservación de los recursos naturales y la salud de todos. ¿Cuáles son las transacciones posibles y aceptables para una comunidad agrícola a la que se ha privado del sentido de su trabajo en relación con los organismos vivos, la salud y la seguridad alimentaria?
Conversaciones y transacciones en la intervención social
Authors: Martinic Valencia Sergio
Published: April 2024

En este artículo se aborda la importancia de las interacciones y conversaciones de los profesionales y técnicos con los beneficiarios en el contexto de instituciones de salud. Las reformas y nuevas orientaciones de las políticas sociales ponen un especial acento en la calidad y efectividad de estas comunicaciones para lograr mayores impactos. Las conversaciones institucionales constituyen un proceso organizado a través del cual los actores realizan y coordinan acciones que les permiten construir intersubjetivamente interpretaciones y acciones compartidas. En estos procesos de diálogos hay negociaciones y transacciones entre los actores. Se asume la teoría de la transacción social de Jean Remy (1994) y el método de análisis de conversaciones para describir y comprender la complejidad de estos procesos sociales.
Transacciones conflictuales en el campo de la patrimonialización: el caso de la comunidad diaguita de Alto del Carmen, Chile
Authors: Soto Sepúlveda Maximiliano , Alegría Licuime Luis
Published: April 2024

El patrimonio inmaterial asociado a los habitantes y a sus prácticas culturales suele ser menos valorado que el patrimonio material vinculado a sitios arqueológicos o monumentos históricos. Los valores sociales y simbólicos, estructurantes del patrimonio inmaterial, son menos visibles para las autoridades del patrimonio a escala internacional, nacional y local. Sin embargo, los valores se pueden reconfigurar cuando un territorio se revaloriza producto de un proceso de reconocimiento cultural, generando una atracción de actores sociales e intereses diversos, conformando un fructífero terreno para cooperaciones, negociaciones y mediaciones. El reconocimiento de una identidad étnica responde a dinámicas transaccionales donde las cooperaciones conflictuales develan posiciones diversas de entidades comunales, gubernamentales y privadas, y donde lo íntimo, doméstico, privado y público entreteje una red de intereses divergentes que demandan acuerdos. El presente artículo aborda la dinámica del reconocimiento de la comunidad diaguita por parte del Estado de Chile en el año 2006, en el contexto de una reapropiación territorial de los valles de Alto del Carmen. Un proceso que activó la puesta en valor de un patrimonio cultural “indígena” en diálogo con atributos étnicos disonantes, donde los conflictos observados han producido singulares vínculos dentro de un mismo territorio.
Validez y confiabilidad del cuestionario conocimientos y comportamientos de autocuidado ante hipertensión del embarazo
Authors: Ulloa-Sabogal Iliana Milena , Arias-Rojas Edier Mauricio , Salazar-Blandon Diego Alejandro
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: validar el cuestionario “Conocimientos y comportamientos de autocuidado de la mujer embarazada ante los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo - CoNOCiTHE”. Materiales y Métodos: estudio psicométrico de validez y confiabilidad, realizado en el segundo semestre del 2022 en Santander, Colombia, con una muestra de 217 mujeres embarazadas. La consistencia interna se evaluó con el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, la confiabilidad test-retest a partir del Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase (CCI). La validez, examinó la validez de criterio convergente y de grupos conocidos. Resultados: La escala con 72 ítems originales, luego de un análisis de correlación condujo a la eliminación de 14 ítems. El instrumento en su versión definitiva evidenció una consistencia interna de 0,67 y una estabilidad test-retest con un CCI de 0,96. La validez convergente demostró una correlación significativa con los resultados conocimiento: proceso de la enfermedad (rho=0,405; p=0,019) y control del riesgo: hipertensión (rho= 0,503; p=0,003). En la validez de grupos conocidos se encontró diferencias en las puntuaciones de mujeres con más de 20 semanas de gestación y menos de 20 (p=0,009). Conclusiones: Las propiedades psicométricas aceptables del cuestionario lo convierten en una herramienta válida para evaluar el conocimiento y los comportamientos de autocuidado ante los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo en el idioma español y en el contexto colombiano.
ocimiento: proceso de la enfermedad (rho=0.302, p=0,000) y control del riesgo: hipertensión (rho= 0,304 p=0,000). En la validez de grupos conocidos se encontró diferencias en las puntuaciones de mujeres con más de 20 semanas de gestación y menos de 20 (p=0,007). Conclusiones: Las propiedades psicométricas aceptables del cuestionario lo convierten en una herramienta viable para evaluar el conocimiento y los comportamientos de autocuidado ante los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo en el idioma español y en el contexto colombiano.
The role of auditor’s gender and audit firm size on the audit report lag and the role of key audit matters as a moderating variable
Authors: Alhawamdeh Ottbah , Salleh Zalailah , Ismail Shahnaz
Published: April 2024

Due to its potential to impact the timeliness of accounting information used by both internal and external users in their decision-making, audit report lag (ARL) is a significant problem (Mardi et al., 2020). Thus, the study looked at how the size of the audit firm and the gender of the auditor affected the ARL as well as how key audit matters (KAMs) functioned as a moderating factor in Jordanian companies that were listed on the Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). A correlational research strategy was employed in the study. The information gathered between 2016 and 2020 from the 144 Jordanian enterprises mentioned in their published annual financial reports. The findings indicated a substantial inverse link between audit report delays and audit firm size. Furthermore, there exists a negligible but positive correlation between the gender of auditors and the latency of audit reports. This study also discovered that, in relation to audit report latency, KAMs may function as a moderator between audit company size and auditor gender. It is advised that scholars investigate new businesses and employ alternative approaches in the future. Future studies might examine components like the opinion of the auditors and the auditors’ remuneration.
Ventajas y riesgos del uso de la inteligencia artificial
Authors: F Tamarit
Published: April 2024

La inteligencia artificial se nos presenta como una innovación inexorable, de la cual no podemos escapar, que nos entusiasma con la promesa de aliviar nuestros esfuerzos al tiempo que amenaza, lisa y llanamente, con reemplazarnos. Aunque no lo percibamos, se esconde en millones de algoritmos que nos escrutan y manipulan sigilosamente a través de nuestros artefactos preferidos, como un celular o un televisor inteligente. Como todas las tecnologías, puede utilizarse para el bien o para el mal, y entre sus múltiples aplicaciones sin duda los seres humanos ponemos particular expectativa en la ayuda que ofrece a las ciencias de la vida para mejorar nuestra salud y superar las limitaciones propias del envejecimiento y la enfermedad.La historia de la inteligencia artificial basada en redes de neuronas artificiales está profundamente ligada a las ciencias biológicas, y más específicamente a la neurobiología.
Tolerancia a la salinidad: respuestas morfo-fisiológicas en diferentes etapas del desarrollo en dos cultivares de alfalf
Authors: G Barbieri , M Cornacchione , F Luna , R Parola , M Rodriguez
Published: April 2024

En el marco del cambio climático, la producción en suelos salinos surge como un desafío global de gran importancia, especialmente en regiones áridas de Argentina. Este estudio se enfoca en la alfalfa (Medicago sativa), una forrajera relevante en Argentina, y tiene como objetivo evaluar el comportamiento en distintas etapas del desarrollo ante condiciones salinas en dos cultivares, Monarca (M) y Kumen (Ku). El cultivar Ku aceleró el proceso de germinación y retrasó el efecto negativo de la salinidad sobre el crecimiento durante el período vegetativo con respecto a M. Estas diferencias podrían considerarse como indicadores potenciales de la tolerancia a la salinidad en el cultivar Ku. Asimismo, la evaluación de la sobrevivencia demostró diferencias significativas en condiciones salinas, siendo Ku menos afectado que M (-15%). Se propone que las respuestas en Ku estarían asociadas a su capacidad distintiva para enfrentar el estrés salino, subrayando la complejidad de los mecanismos de adaptación en la alfalfa. Estos hallazgos ofrecen perspectivas de análisis en términos de espacio (distintos órganos) y tiempo (diferentes etapas de desarrollo de la alfalfa) para aportar a la comprensión de la disparidad en las respuestas de cultivares en salinidad, cruciales para la sostentabilidad agrícola-ganadera en suelos salinos de regiones áridas y semiáridas en Argentina.
Relación médico/paciente: factores que la han distorsionado
Authors: C E Rougier
Published: April 2024

Antes de analizar los mismos aclaro que no sé si los factores que considero están dispuestos en el mejor orden y quizás también hay algún otro factor que no he considerado.

Dicho esto, refiero lo siguiente

El advenimiento de la tecnología caló muy hondo en el quehacer médico y su aporte para alcanzar un diagnóstico de manera rápida y también efectiva tentó a los colegas a obviar o abreviar, en la consulta, los pasos habituales de la misma. Los médicos de antaño, sin estas posibilidades, se veían obligados a transitar el camino de la semiología clásica donde el primer elemento de este recorrido era y sigue siendo la anamnesis. Si la misma fue realizada de manera exhaustiva, aún hoy, se dice que con sólo esta herramienta se alcanza, en los actos médicos, un diagnóstico certero hasta en el sesenta por ciento de los mismos.  A mí se me antoja pensar, que una anamnesis llevado a cabo con esas características vendría a representar el principal objetivo que se propone incentivar lo que ahora, se ha dado en llamar medicina narrativa.
Understanding, knowledge and willingness to comply with health advice on COVID-19 in rural Australia: Results of a cross-sectional survey.
Authors: Allan Julaine , Kleinschafer Jodie , Saksena Teesta , Rahman Azizur
Published: April 2024

Purpose Rural populations were particularly vulnerable to
Covid-19. Understanding, knowledge and willingness to comply with health
advice varies across population groups and is influenced by perceptions
of risk. This study aimed to identify if there was any variation in
perceived risk and compliance with health advice among different groups
in rural Australia that could inform health communication strategies in
future pandemics. Methods The study used a cross-sectional
on-line survey with Australian residents aged 18 years and over,
residing in Western NSW, Australia. Both bivariate and multivariate
analyses were conducted, including multinomial logistic regression
modelling. Results The characteristics that predicted both
intention to comply with health advice and actual behaviour were gender
(being female), First Nations status (Aboriginal) and age (older). The
lower the perceived risk to the individual the more likely they were to
have limited or no intention to comply with preventative measures. A
bivariate correlation analysis determined there was a small (r= 0.265)
significant (p < 0.001) correlation between intention to
comply with preventative measures and the frequency with which people
engaged in good hygiene practices. Concusions The results
suggest there are groups in rural areas who need tailored health
communications to encourage compliance with health advice. The members
of the community who were less vulnerable, particularly young men, were
less likely to comply. In future pandemics governments could take both a
geographic and a population group segmented approach to health
communications instead of a blanket approach.
Gauge fields and four interactions in the trigintaduonion spaces
Authors: Weng Zi-Hua
Published: April 2024

The paper aims to apply the trigintaduonion spaces to explore the
physical properties of four interactions simultaneously, including the
electromagnetic fields, gravitational fields, weak nuclear fields, and
strong nuclear fields. J. C. Maxwell first applied the algebra of
quaternions to study the physical properties of electromagnetic fields.
It inspired some subsequent scholars to introduce the quaternions,
octonions, sedenions, and trigintaduonions to research the
electromagnetic fields, gravitational fields, weak nuclear fields,
strong nuclear fields, quantum mechanics, gauge fields, and curved
spaces and so forth. The algebra of trigintaduonions is able to discuss
the physical quantities of four interactions, including the field
potential, field strong, field source, linear momentum, angular
momentum, torque, and force. In the field theories described with the
algebra of trigintaduonions, the weak nuclear field is composed of three
types of fundamental fields. These three fundamental fields, related to
weak nuclear fields, can describe the physical properties of weak
nuclear fields collectively. This is consistent with the conclusion of
the electroweak theory. Meanwhile the strong nuclear field consists of
three types of fundamental fields. These three fundamental fields
relevant to strong nuclear fields may investigate the physical
properties of strong nuclear fields mutually. It is coincident with the
deduction of quark theory. According to the properties of
trigintaduonions, one can deduce the Yang-Mills equation related to the
gauge fields. It means that the electromagnetic field occupies a
quaternion space. The gravitational field owns one different quaternion
space. The weak nuclear fields occupy three mutually independent
quaternion spaces. The properties of weak nuclear fields are different
from those of electromagnetic fields or gravitational fields. According
to the multiplicative closure, the strong nuclear fields also own three
quaternion spaces independent of each other. These explorations further
deepen the understanding of the physical properties of weak and strong
nuclear fields.
A Robust Production Platform for Recombinant Factor VIII
Authors: Li Chester Q. , Liu Xu , Wang Zhijun , Li Qianhui , Xu Lijun , Meng Qingzhang , Shen Min
Published: April 2024

For hemophilia A, factor VIII (FVIII) replacement is still the standard
of care for both acute bleeding episodes and prophylaxis. While
plasma-derived FVIII products are still available, approximately 75% of
the hemophilia community uses recombinant human FVIII products
(rhFVIII). However, due to its large molecular weight and complicated
post-translational modification, rhFVIII remains as one of the most
challenging therapeutic proteins to produce, which leads to the
unnecessarily high costs for vulnerable patients and their families. To
address this issue, we recently explored if von Willebrand factor (vWF)
chaperone would enhance the rhFVIII expression by co-expressing a
B-domain–deleted (BDD) rhFVIII and a modified vWF fragment. Using this
approach, an unexpectedly high yield (>2000IU/ml) of
rhFVIII was achieved in lab-scale culture as well as in large-scale
production (200L). The purified rhFVIII displayed similar molecular
characteristics to commercial rhFVIII products including thrombin
cleavage, glycosylation, tyrosine sulfation and binding affinity to vWF.
This production platform has also been used successfully for recombinant
porcine FVIII and for a new, long-acting FVIII in development. We
believe that, using this platform, rhFVIII can become economically
competitive and will have a major impact on hemophilia A prophylaxis and
on-demand therapy once the product is on the market.
Theoretical Construction of Nurses’ Work Situation Conflict: A System Hierarchical Model
Authors: Wu Yushen , Xu Liping
Published: April 2024

Aim: Conflicts at work are inevitable and can negatively affect an
individual’s mental health. This research explored nurses’ work
situation conflict. Design: This study used participatory observation
and interview methods to study nurses. Methods: Data were collected
through participatory observation and interviews, and data were analyzed
through grounded theory. Results: Nurses’ work situation conflicts
included five levels of specific situational conflicts—interpersonal,
social, unit, family, and task—as well as 12 conflict elements.
Specifically, these elements include (1) interpersonal conflict,
including conflicts with leaders, colleagues, and clients; (2)
professional status conflict, including conflicts with professional
recognition and professional respect; (3) conflict of interest,
including conflicts with income, professional development, ideas and
systems; (4) family role conflict, including family incident versus work
conflicts; and (5) self–task conflict, including work requirement, work
task, and work intensity conflicts. At the same time, it was found that
the conflicts between different systems could be transformed into each
other under certain conditions, and work situation conflict would affect
the work efficiency, sense of value, professional enthusiasm,
professional expectations, professional detachment, professional
interest, and physical and mental exhaustion of nurses. Conclusion: This
study found a hierarchical level model of nurses’ work situation
conflict.
Beyond Standard Echocardiography: Strain Imaging as the AI-Powered Key to Comprehensive Cardiac Function Evaluation
Authors: Saha Samir , Rahman Adnan , Kiotsekoglou Anatoli
Published: April 2024

Strain imaging as a tool to engage in unravelling the secrets of cardiac
motion in health and disease has opened a new horizon in the field of
clinical cardiology beyond the standard algorithm for quantification of
left ventricular function and dysfunction. As such, the wider
application of strain can probably be compared with the ubiquitous
application of the incretin molecule, glucagon like peptide 1 receptor
agonist (GLP 1RA) first applied to manage type 2 diabetes, that is now
indicated in many different conditions like obesity, heart failure, and
Alzheimer’s disease! This commentary would focus on the role of
automated strain imaging in heart failure, aortic stenosis, cardiac
amyloidosis, atrial fibrillation, left atrial, and right ventricular
strain, on a 2-dimensional domain of spacetime navigated, to some
extent, by AI. This commentary thus argues that automated strain imaging
is becoming an essential tool for comprehensive cardiac assessment
across various conditions.
Higher-Order Transformation for Incremental Propagation of Changes from Software to Performance Models
Authors: Altamimi Taghreed A. , Petriu Dorina C.
Published: April 2024

This paper proposes a higher-order transformation (HOT) for realizing
Incremental Change Propagation (ICP) from software UML models extended
with performance annotations to performance Layered Queueing Network
(LQN) models. Such a transformation is necessary for integrating
quantitative performance analysis into the model-driven engineering of
real-time systems. The entire process starts by automatically generating
an LQN and a trace model from a UML model extended with MARTE
annotations, with a batch Epsilon ETL transformation previously
developed by the authors. The textual ETL transformation definition is
translated to an ETL transformation model using the Epsilon Haetae tool.
The ETL transformation model conforms to the ETL metamodel and
represents the mapping between source and target models at a high level
of abstraction. We use it to answer the question: what needs to be
changed in the target model upon detecting changes in the source model?
During the development process, when the UML model evolves, we detect
such changes with the Eclipse EMF Compare tool, then incrementally
propagate them to the LQN model to keep it synchronized. The extended
approach is illustrated by applying it to an e-commerce model from the
literature. The execution time of ICP is measured and compared to the
traditional batch transformation.