bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Questions épistémologiques à propos d’une « interdiscipline »
Authors: Loum Ndiaga
Published: March 2019

Communication internationale ou internationalisation de la communication ? À quelque bout qu’on prend la question, la pertinence de l’existence de la communication internationale comme sous-discipline, discipline ou matière se pose dans l’univers global des sciences sociales. Si l’on reconnaît une discipline scientifique à travers les diplômes qui sanctionnent un cursus académique prédéfini, par l’ampleur des travaux qui portent le sceau de la matière désignée, par le nombre de chercheurs revendiquant une telle spécialité ou reconnus comme tels, par le nombre de centres de recherche abritant lesdits spécialistes, il est démontré que la pertinence de l’enseignement et de la recherche en communication internationale ne fait pas l’objet d’un doute. Ceci explique d’ailleurs que ce débat, s’il a existé un moment, n’est plus un centre d’intérêt réel. Ce qui l’est par contre, c’est le carrefour interdisciplinaire que constitue cette sous-discipline « ballotée » entre sa source de rattachement ombilical (la communication), les relations internationales qu’elle « chevauche » sans risque d’entremêlement, et la science sociale qui englobe l’ensemble des recherches touchant la société lato sensu et qu’elle ne peut ignorer. Comment la communication internationale peut revendiquer une place de choix dans l’univers global des sciences sociales ? Dans quelle mesure et jusqu’à quel point les objets qu’elle aborde, les enjeux sociétaux qu’elle adresse interpellent-ils toutes les disciplines des sciences sociales ? Comment démontrer sans effort son rattachement à la trajectoire historique que suivent les sciences sociales ? C’est dans cette disposition d’esprit que s’enclenche cette réflexion quasi heuristique qui porte sur des questions d’épistémologie autour d’une « indiscipline » ou d’une « interdiscipline » nommée communication internationale.
Diversité de sources d’information et processus décisionnel en période de crise
Authors: Ndjock Fleur Nadine
Published: March 2019

Cet article a pour objectif de montrer sur la base d’un retour d’expérience issu des travaux effectués dans le cadre d’un projet de thèse, que les enjeux de la communication de l’information en temps de crise dus à la diversité des sources d’information sont pour la plupart essentiellement liées aux enjeux du processus décisionnel. Nous pensons qu’une communication est faite en temps de crise pour informer, pour permettre de prendre des dispositions (décider) s’il y a lieu et c’est ce dernier aspect qui nous intéresse : quel impact la diversification des sources d’information a-t-elle sur le processus décisionnel en temps de crise ? « La prise de décision est un processus cognitif complexe visant à la sélection d’un type d’action parmi différentes alternatives » et nous savons qu’en temps normal et particulièrement en période de crise que prendre une décision est un acte crucial. La décision doit être rapide et efficace. Pour cette raison, le décideur doit disposer de l’information pertinente. Or, il se trouve que plusieurs facteurs influencent la communication de l’information en temps de crise ou de conflit. Ces facteurs sont déterminants dans la demande et le traitement de l’information et jouent un rôle primordial dans la prise de décision finale. L’environnement conflictuel, la diversité des sources d’information, le problème de crédibilité des médias rendent particulièrement ardue, la détermination des indicateurs, la collecte et le traitement de l’information. Or, il est primordial que dans un tel environnement, l’information soit exempte de toute contrainte pour aider à prendre les décisions adéquates. Le défi pour celui qui doit décider est d’en prendre conscience et d’avoir une capacité d’adaptation selon le problème auquel il fait face. Nous pensons que pour y arriver, il convient d’appliquer une méthodologie rigoureuse et efficace dans l’ensemble du processus qui commence dès l’accès à l’information jusqu’à la prise de décision. Cette méthodologie peut être inspirée du concept de l’Intelligence Économique (IE) qui de par sa définition, aide à cadrer la collecte, le traitement et la gestion de l’information. Ses étapes clairement définies du début à la fin du processus décisionnel guident tant l’utilisateur dans la collecte d’information que le décideur dans la prise de décision.
L’intériorisation des conflits internationaux à l’échelle nationale
Authors: Yoon Cheolki
Published: March 2019

Dès la division de la péninsule, la Corée du Sud se trouve tout le temps en tension avec la Corée du Nord, et cette tension conditionne comme un facteur permanent la scène sociale et politique de la société ; durant des décennies, des positions différentes à l’égard du Nord sont une source de répression ou de conflits. Ces dynamiques sociales et politiques évoluent d’abord passant l’établissement du système démocratique formel en 1987, ensuite depuis les années 2000 par un développement rapide des nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication (Tic) et l’usage actif de l’internet. Compte tenu de ce contexte, l’article vise à explorer le processus d’intériorisation des conflits intercoréens au sein de la société sud-coréenne, notant particulièrement le rôle de l’espace en ligne dans ce processus. Après avoir examiné le contexte général relevant des relations intercoréennes et la place des Tic dans celles-ci, le présent article présente deux études de cas : l’arrestation d’un twittérien et les interventions politiques par des institutions gouvernementales. Dans tous les deux cas, certaines positions par rapport à la Corée du Nord étaient problématisées, et l’internet était la scène centrale des principaux incidents. Entre autres, les analyses confirment que la tension avec le Nord sert toujours à la répression ou aux conflits au sein du Sud, mais de manière plus subtile mobilisant notamment l’espace en ligne. D’après cette recherche, l’internet en soi ne paraît pas garantir l’expansion de la démocratie ; la Toile ouvre en même temps de nouveaux types de participation démocratique et de luttes et de nouveaux types de surveillance et de conflits.
Polyaniline as Proficient Electrode Material for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Majumdar Dipanwita
Published: March 2019

Sky-high renewable energy demands urged the revolutionary development of environment benign, portable and miniatured, high power generating energy storage systems in the form of electrochemical capacitors commonly known as “supercapacitors” or “ultracapacitors”. Supercapacitor designing requires smart electrode materials for providing higher energy and power densities, mechanical and electrochemical durability, enhanced thermal operating range with minimal production and maintenance cost. Polyaniline, as conducting polymer, particularly in nano-morphology, has been one of the pioneer electroactive materials paving the corridor for commercial development of pseudocapacitors. Considering these points, the chapter initially concentrates on basic concepts of fabrication, designing and performance evaluation procedure of supercapacitors, followed by discussion on the role of PANI as potential supercapacitor electrode material, delineating current achievements and major challenges encountered in the process of progress so as to obtain superior electrochemical energy storage systems in the near future.
Scope of Polymer/Graphene Nanocomposite in Defense Relevance
Authors: Kausar Ayesha
Published: March 2019

This chapter outlines important aspects and progression from graphene to polymer/graphene nanocomposite to a relevant defense application. Graphene is unique nanocarbon material having a large surface area, high Young's modulus, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and optical transmittance. Engineering thermoplastic polymers have been employed as matrices for graphene reinforcement. Various routes have been employed for graphene-filled polymeric nanomaterials. Intrinsic physical properties of nanocomposite depend on graphene modification and dispersion techniques. Polymer/graphene nanocomposite may have multifunctional characteristics due to synergistic effect of polymer/graphene. The article mainly discusses nanocomposite with potential uses in soldierly applications including flame resistance, ballistic protection, electromagnetic interference shielding, electrostatic-charge dissipation, sensors, corrosion protection, fuel cell, batteries, etc. The gestalt of defense applications of polymer/graphene nanocomposite may offer future perspective to develop promising materials.
Morphological Component Analysis for Biological Signals
Authors: Singh Balbir
Published: March 2019

This chapter explains the removal of artifacts from the multi-resource biological signals. Morphological components can be used to distinguish between the brain activities and artifacts that are contaminated with each other in many physical situations. In this chapter, a two-stage wavelet shrinkage and morphological component analysis (MCA) for biological signals is a sophisticated way to analyze the brain activities and validate the effectiveness of artifacts removal. The source components in the biological signals can be characterized by specific morphology and measures the independence and uniqueness of the source components. Undecimated wavelet transform (UDWT), discrete cosine transform (DCT), local discrete cosine transform (LDCT), discrete sine transform (DST), and DIRAC are the orthonormal bases function used to build the explicit dictionary for the decomposition of source component of the biological signal in the morphological component analysis. The chapter discusses the implementation and optimization algorithm of the morphological component analysis.
Network Security Approaches in Distributed Environment
Authors: Sinha Keshav , Paul Partha , Amritanjali
Published: March 2019

Distributed computing is one of the thrust areas in the field of computer science, but when we are concerned about security a question arises, “Can it be secure?” From this note, the authors start this chapter. In the distributed environment, when the system is connected to a network, and the operating system firewall is active, it will take care of all the authentication and access control requests. There are several traditional cryptographic approaches which implement authentication and access control. The encryption algorithms such as Rijndael, RSA, A3, and A5 is used for providing data secrecy. Some of the key distribution techniques have been discussed such as Diffie Hellman key exchange for symmetric key, and random key generation (LCG) technique is used in red-black tree traversal which provides the security of the digital contents. The chapter deals with the advanced versions of the network security techniques and cryptographic algorithms for the security of multimedia contents over the internet.
The Socratic Way and Adult Learning
Authors: Giuseffi Frank G.
Published: March 2019

Adult learning experiences seem to be influenced by the activity of self-direction on the part of their learners. Adult learners come to educational encounters motivated and possessing a strong sense of self and learning objectives. However, other educational experiences require teachers of adults to assist in the development of self-directed learning (SDL) in their learners. This chapter explores the possibility of how Leonard Nelson's theories concerning the Socratic method can initiate the possibility of SDL (self-teaching) in adult learners.
The Seisa Model for Teacher License Renewal (TLR) in Japan
Authors: Gordon Richard Keith
Published: March 2019

This study focuses on developing kyosei in the arts curriculum of Teacher License Renewal (TLR) at Seisa University. The TLR program at Seisa University utilizes a unique practice known as kyosei, the symbiotic relationship between individuals and the world around them. By employing action research methodology, the team of researchers planned the practice, conducted TLR at Seisa for in-service teachers (n=300), checked the practice, and applied it to high school students (n=16). Classroom communication and interdisciplinary form of arts helped to collaborate on different units, ages, and ability of learners; thus, it became a great opportunity for kyosei practice. On the other hand, for students, dealing with others and uncertainty presented challenges. Playing with others, participating the artistic activities and learning from each other turned a great training for kyosei.
The Impact of Strategic Practice Maturity on Arab States' Performance
Authors: Albadri Fayez
Published: March 2019

This chapter introduces the development of strategic management as a formal discipline and provides an overview of strategic management concepts, models, and best practices, highlighting the difference between strategic thinking, planning, and management. It then zooms into the current strategic practice in different Arab countries to formulate a reasonable understanding of the effectiveness of such practice in serving governments and organizations to achieve their national strategic goals and objectives. The study employs a mix of research and evaluation tools, derived from the literature and best practices, to assess the maturity levels of the adopted strategic practice by Arab states and examines its relationship to and impact on government performance, in particular that which is related to achieving social justice, sustainable development, and democracy. In conclusion, the outcome of the investigation is used to suggest solutions to drive improvement to the current strategic practice in the Arab world.
The Healthcare Strategic Practice in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Al Balkhi Ahmad
Published: March 2019

This chapter aims to review the healthcare strategies in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) with a special focus on the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. The chapter starts with an introduction to the adopted strategic planning of health sector in the UAE. Then it provides the theoretical background to the subject, outlines the persisting health issues and concerns, in addition to the main challenges of health planning in the United Arab Emirates. This will be followed by an overview of the current health system and regulations in the UAE, and will elaborate on the adopted health strategies, and upon that will suggest solutions and tips that can help in overcoming challenges and resolving critical issues. The review concludes with recommendation for future researches that could expand the scope of this review to be more comprehensive and focused on the strategic option for achieving excellence in the healthcare sector.
Enhancing an Academic Library's Social Media Presence Using Peer-to-Peer Marketing
Authors: Eby Laurel D. , Thomas Elisabeth A.
Published: March 2019

The San José State University Library first became involved in social media in 2011 with the formation of a social media team. The team quickly realized that maintaining an academic library's social media presence—creating original content, monitoring posts and feeds, and maximizing exposure to the library's target audience—can take a sizeable chunk of time. Additionally, it is important to understand student preferences regarding the kind of content they are interested in seeing from their university library on social media so that the time spent creating content has not been wasted. This chapter will discuss how the social media team dealt with these questions and others, such as how to adapt to the regularly changing world of social media and how to reap the benefits of hiring student assistants to help create an engaging, relevant social media presence.
A Review of Intrusion Detection Systems in Cloud Computing
Authors: Zouhair Chiba , Abghour Noreddine , Moussaid Khalid , El Omri Amina , Rida Mohamed
Published: March 2019

Security is a major challenge faced by cloud computing (CC) due to its open and distributed architecture. Hence, it is vulnerable and prone to intrusions that affect confidentiality, availability, and integrity of cloud resources and offered services. Intrusion detection system (IDS) has become the most commonly used component of computer system security and compliance practices that defends cloud environment from various kinds of threats and attacks. This chapter presents the cloud architecture, an overview of different intrusions in the cloud, the challenges and essential characteristics of cloud-based IDS (CIDS), and detection techniques used by CIDS and their types. Then, the authors analyze 24 pertinent CIDS with respect to their various types, positioning, detection time, and data source. The analysis also gives the strength of each system and limitations in order to evaluate whether they carry out the security requirements of CC environment or not.
A Comprehensive Survey on Trust Issue and Its Deployed Models in Computing Environment
Authors: Jaswal Shivani , Singh Gurpreet
Published: March 2019

Cloud computing is growing with a giant pace in today's world. The speed with which it is growing, the same speed is taken over by the insecure data transfer over the cloud. There are many security issues that are underlying in cloud computing. This chapter presents how a trust is built between any user and a cloud service provider. Various techniques have been adopted to calculate the value of trust and further how it can be strength. This chapter has also explained various trust models based on the necessities of a user. This chapter has also thrown some light over the concept of TTP, i.e., Trusted Third Party which further helps in maintaining trust over the cloud environment.
Anomaly Detection in Cloud Environments
Authors: Marnerides Angelos K.
Published: March 2019

Cloud environments compose unique operational characteristics and intrinsic capabilities such as service transparency and elasticity. By virtue of their exclusive properties as being outcomes of their virtualized nature, these environments are prone to a number of security threats either from malicious or legitimate intent. By virtue of the minimal proactive properties attained by off-the-shelf signature-based commercial detection solutions employed in various infrastructures, cloud-specific Intrusion Detection System (IDS) Anomaly Detection (AD)-based methodologies have been proposed in order to enable accurate identification, detection, and clustering of anomalous events that could manifest. Therefore, in this chapter the authors firstly aim to provide an overview in the state of the art related with cloud-based AD mechanisms and pinpoint their basic functionalities. They subsequently provide an insight and report some results derived by a particular methodology that jointly considers cloud-specific properties and relies on the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) algorithm.
Cloud Database Security Issues and Challenges
Authors: Deka Ganesh Chandra
Published: March 2019

To get the desired benefits for the IT enterprise, NoSQL databases must be combined with proven and reliable SQL features into a single proven infrastructure meeting the manageability and security requirements of cloud computing. Various specifications, including SAML (Security Assertions Markup Language), improved interoperability across organizational boundaries are coming up. This chapter discuses some of the security issues of NoSQL databases. All the related technology used in the chapter are explained either where they appear or at the end of the chapter.
A Security-By-Distribution Approach to Manage Big Data in a Federation of Untrustworthy Clouds
Authors: Kohler Jens , Lorenz Christian Richard , Gumbel Markus , Specht Thomas , Simov Kiril
Published: March 2019

In recent years, Cloud Computing has drastically changed IT-Architectures in enterprises throughout various branches and countries. Dynamically scalable capabilities like CPUs, storage space, virtual networks, etc. promise cost savings, as huge initial infrastructure investments are not required anymore. This development shows that Cloud Computing is also a promising technology driver for Big Data, as the storage of unstructured data when no concrete and defined data schemes (variety) can be managed with upcoming NoSQL architectures. However, in order to fully exploit these advantages, the integration of a trustworthy 3rd party public cloud provider is necessary. Thus, challenging questions concerning security, compliance, anonymization, and privacy emerge and are still unsolved. To address these challenges, this work presents, implements and evaluates a security-by-distribution approach for NoSQL document stores that distributes data across various cloud providers such that every provider only gets a small data chunk which is worthless without the others.
Keystroke Dynamics Authentication in Cloud Computing
Authors: Hassan Basma Mohammed , Fouad Khaled Mohammed , Hassan Mahmoud Fathy
Published: March 2019

Cloud computing needs a strong and efficient authentication system because the user will access his rented part through a faraway connection and it will make the authentication sensor device besides the user place for identification and verification so how to know the user who claimed himself to be the legal user. Keystroke identification system as a biometric authentication technique is strongly Candidate for the security issues in cloud computing technology. Keystroke dynamics as a security system did not need extra hardware because the authentication device will be the existing keyboard based on everyone has a unique style for writing. The other biometric methods are addressed with each advantage and disadvantage along with keystroke method. In this paper, all known studies about keystroke technique are explained and compared between them according to the classification technique, number of the participated users and each study results then introduces a survey on software and hardware of other biometric authentication techniques and after the literature review is addressed then keystroke as a biometric authentication system is suggested to access cloud computing environment because it has many advantages to being a part of the known security systems which spread in our world.
Identification of Various Privacy and Trust Issues in Cloud Computing Environment
Authors: Jaswal Shivani , Malhotra Manisha
Published: March 2019

Cloud computing is a rising paradigm in today's world. In this, users can send his or her request to any CSP, i.e., cloud service provider, of their choice. In return, the CSP reverts him back with that particular service. Now, while communicating from various two locations, the data transferred is not passed through that much amount of security and privacy as expected. So, there are lots of parameters in the environment that are taken care of while sending, receiving or just passing data over the network. This chapter presents various security issues that are underlying in cloud computing. This chapter has illustrated various issues such as Trust, Encryption, Authenticity, Confidentiality and Multi Tenancy. Also, some of the proposed solutions have also been discussed later in the chapter.
KIET Framework for Cloud Adoption
Authors: Sanagavarapu Lalit Mohan , Gangadharan G.R.  , Raghu Reddy Y.
Published: March 2019

The expenses in the sustenance of IT investments has become a major ledger item in businesses to the extent that in some cases business priorities had to be changed for sustaining IT systems. Cloud computing, a disruptive technology, is changing the sustenance model with on-demand and metered service approach. However, the adoption of this technology has not been consistent across sectors due to fear on loss of control and changes required in application development and deployment. Authors propose KIET (Knowing, Initiating, Evolving and Transforming) framework based on diffusion theory for adoption of cloud computing in organizations that have strong regulatory framework. Authors implemented the proposed framework on the Indian Banking sector, with majority of the banks being in the public sector. After the implementation of the framework, 49.4% of the banks have adopted cloud computing and another 27.8% of the banks have started the initial steps for adoption.
Vehicular Cloud Computing Challenges and Security
Authors: Manvi Sunilkumar S. , Hegde Nayana
Published: March 2019

Vehicular Cloud Communication (VCC) is the latest technology in intelligent transport system. Vehicular cloud (VC) facilitates the customers to share resources ranging from storage to computing power to renting it to other users over the Internet. Security of VANET cloud covers various aspects of security, social impact, cost effective communication. Chapter highlights a cost effective, hassle free and secure communication between the cloud and moving vehicles. Communication is established via Network as a Service (Naas). The goal of this chapter is to give a broad overview of Vehicular cloud computing, vehicular cloud applications, mobile computing, and recent literature covering security of vehicular cloud.
Security in Cloud of Things (CoT)
Authors: Alohali Bashar
Published: March 2019

With IoT era, development raises several significant research questions in terms of system architecture, design and improvement. For example; the requirement of virtual resource utilization and storage capacity necessitates making IoT applications smarter; therefore, integrate the IoT concept with cloud computing will play an important role. This is crucial because of very large amounts of data that IoT is expected to generate. The Cloud of Things (CoT) is used to connect heterogeneous physical things to the virtual domain of the cloud. Despite its numerous advantages, there are many research challenges with utilization of CoT that needs additional consideration. These include high complexity, efficiency, improving reliability, and security. This chapter introduces CoT, its features, the applications that use CoT. CoT, like all other networked functions, is vulnerable to security attacks. The security risks for CoT are listed and described. The security requirements for CoT are identified and solutions are proposed to address the various attacks on CoT and its components.
Data Security in Wired and Wireless Systems
Authors: Prakash Abhinav , Agarwal Dharma Prakash
Published: March 2019

The issues related to network data security were identified shortly after the inception of the first wired network. Initial protocols relied heavily on obscurity as the main tool for security provisions. Hacking into a wired network requires physically tapping into the wire link on which the data is being transferred. Both these factors seemed to work hand in hand and made secured communication somewhat possible using simple protocols. Then came the wireless network which radically changed the field and associated environment. How do you secure something that freely travels through the air as a medium? Furthermore, wireless technology empowered devices to be mobile, making it harder for security protocols to identify and locate a malicious device in the network while making it easier for hackers to access different parts of the network while moving around. Quite often, the discussion centered on the question: Is it even possible to provide complete security in a wireless network? It can be debated that wireless networks and perfect data security are mutually exclusive. Availability of latest wideband wireless technologies have diminished predominantly large gap between the network capacities of a wireless network versus a wired one. Regardless, the physical medium limitation still exists for a wired network. Hence, security is a way more complicated and harder goal to achieve for a wireless network (Imai, Rahman, & Kobara, 2006). So, it can be safely assumed that a security protocol that is robust for a wireless network will provide at least equal if not better level of security in a similar wired network. Henceforth, we will talk about security essentially in a wireless network and readers should assume it to be equally applicable to a wired network.
Trust, Privacy, Issues in Cloud-Based Healthcare Services
Authors: Kaushik Shweta , Gandhi Charu
Published: March 2019

In recent era individuals and organizations are migrating towards the cloud computing services to store and retrieve the data or services. However, they have less confidence on cloud as all the task are handled by the service provider without any involvement of the data owner. Cloud system provides features to the owner, to store their data on some remote locations and allow only authorized users to access the data according to the role, access capability or attribute they possess. Storing the personal health records on cloud server (third party) is a promising model for healthcare services to exchange information with the help of cloud provider. In this chapter, we highlight the various security issues and concerns such as trust, privacy and access control in cloud based healthcare system that needs to be known while storing the patient's information over a cloud system.
Survey on DDoS Attacks and Defense Mechanisms in Cloud and Fog Computing
Authors: Chaudhary Deepali , Bhushan Kriti , Gupta B.B.
Published: March 2019

This article describes how cloud computing has emerged as a strong competitor against traditional IT platforms by offering low-cost and “pay-as-you-go” computing potential and on-demand provisioning of services. Governments, as well as organizations, have migrated their entire or most of the IT infrastructure to the cloud. With the emergence of IoT devices and big data, the amount of data forwarded to the cloud has increased to a huge extent. Therefore, the paradigm of cloud computing is no longer sufficient. Furthermore, with the growth of demand for IoT solutions in organizations, it has become essential to process data quickly, substantially and on-site. Hence, Fog computing is introduced to overcome these drawbacks of cloud computing by bringing intelligence to the edge of the network using smart devices. One major security issue related to the cloud is the DDoS attack. This article discusses in detail about the DDoS attack, cloud computing, fog computing, how DDoS affect cloud environment and how fog computing can be used in a cloud environment to solve a variety of problems.
Investigating the Determinants of IT Professionals' Intention to Use Cloud-Based Applications and Solutions
Authors: Al-Somali Sabah Abdullah , Baghabra Hanan
Published: March 2019

Using a sample of 155 IT professionals from private and government organisations in Saudi Arabia, the authors tested a model of cloud-based applications adoption that is influenced by individual characteristics (represented by personal innovativeness in the domain of IT), organisational context (represented by the accessibility of the technology), technological context (represented by perceived vulnerabilities) and social context (represented by social image). The model explained 74% of the intention to use cloud-based applications. The findings show that accessibility of the technology, perceived vulnerabilities, individual characteristics and social image are all important determinants for using cloud applications and solutions. The findings will potentially contribute to research and practice by revealing the crucial factors that will impact IT professionals' intention to adopt cloud computing in the context of developing countries in the Arab world. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are presented.
The Much Needed Security and Data Reforms of Cloud Computing in Medical Data Storage
Authors: Munugala Sushma , Brar Gagandeep K. , Syed Ali , Mohammad Azeem , Halgamuge Malka N.
Published: March 2019

Cloud computing has shifted our old documents up into the clouds, with the advancement of technology. Fast-growing virtual document storage platforms provide amenities with minimal expense in the corporate society. Despite living in the 20th century, even the first world countries have issues with the maintenance of document storage. Cloud computing resolves this issue for business and clinic owners as it banishes the requirement of planning, provisioning, and allows corporations to advance their filling system according to service demands. Medical practices heavily, rely on document storage as; almost all information contained in medical files is stored in a printed format. Medical practices urgently need to revolutionize their storage standards, to keep up with the growing population. The traditional method of paper storage in medical practice has completely been obsolete and needs to improve in order to assist patients with faster diagnosis in critical situations. Obtaining Knowledge and sharing it is an important part of medical practice, so it needs immediate attention to reach its full service potential. This chapter has analyzed content from literature that highlights issues regarding data storage and recommends solution. This inquiry has found a useful tool that can be beneficial for the development of this problem which is, ‘data mining' as it gives the option of predictive, and preventative health care options, when medical data is searched. The functionality and worthiness of each algorithm and methods are also determined in this study. By using cloud and big data services to improve the analysis of medical data in network of regional health information system, has huge advancements that assure convenient management, easy extension, flexible investment, and low requirements for low technical based private medical units.
Reviewing the Effectiveness and Learning Outcomes of a 3D Virtual Museum
Authors: Jones Greg , Alba Adriana D.
Published: March 2019

This comparative descriptive mixed methods pilot study reports results of a joint research pilot study between the University of North Texas (UNT) and the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico (UAEM). Data was collected and analyzed for effectiveness, usability, and knowledge acquisition in the Leopoldo Flores Museum located in Mexico, and its online 3dimensional replica. The primary results of this research show a) students using the virtual environment first and then visiting the museum exhibited better knowledge acquisition about the museum and had higher level of discourse when on the guided tour, and b) the virtual museum experience, when used alone, was a comparable experience to the actual museum guided tour in both knowledge gained and satisfaction.
Integrating Virtual Reality Tools Into Classroom Instruction
Authors: Oigara James N.
Published: March 2019

Virtual reality (VR) is an emerging possibility for delivering educational content and experiences to students. Virtual Reality's use in education has long been discussed however; one of the main challenges is that VR was unaffordable. Today VR has evolved; the technology is mainstreamed, inexpensive, and more accessible. This chapter will examine the benefits of using VR tools (Google Cardboard), a 3D viewer in conjunction with Smartphone, for educational applications. Related studies suggest that VR tools are effective in subjects where an interactive environment is needed.
Virtual/Mixed Reality
Authors: Crowe Dale , LaPierre Martin E.
Published: March 2019

Use of classroom and online learning and administrative technologies in schools and higher education institutions has grown at an exponential pace. With growth comes expectations by students of using new and emerging technologies to support their learning. Such expectations are due in part to the generational shift from digital immigrant to more students being digital natives, and is particularly true for Gen z/iGen/Centennials (born in 1996 or later). The purpose of the critical review and exploratory case study was to gain insights from 18 instructional designers, information systems professionals, and content/subject matter experts pertaining to the current and future use of virtual/mixed reality technologies for both public and higher education.
An Intelligent Approach for Virtual Chemistry Laboratory
Authors: Mehta Shikha , Bajaj Monika , Banati Hema
Published: March 2019

Formal learning has shifted from the confines of institutional walls to our home computers and even to our mobiles. It is often felt that the concept of e-learning can be successfully applied to theoretical subjects but when it comes to teaching of science subjects like chemistry where hands on practical training is must, it is inadequate. This chapter presents a hybrid approach (amalgamation of concepts of machine learning technique with soft computing paradigm) to develop an intelligent virtual chemistry laboratory (IVCL) tool for simulating chemical experiments online. Tool presents an easy to use web based interface, which takes as input the reactants and presents results in the form of - type of reaction occurred and the list of possible products. Technically, the IVCL tool utilizes naïve bayes algorithm to classify the type of reactions and then applies genetic algorithm inspired approach to generate the products. Subsequently it employs system of equations method to balance the reactions. Experimental evaluations reveal that proposed IVCL tool runs with 95% accuracy.
The Roadmap for Experimental Teaching of Science and Engineering Based Subjects
Authors: Collier Gordana , Augousti Andy , Ordys Andrzej
Published: March 2019

The continual development of technology represents a challenge when preparing engineering students for future employment. At the same time, the way students interact in everyday life is evolving: their extra-curricular life is filled with an enormous amount of stimulus, from online data to rich Web-based social interaction. This chapter provides an assessment of various learning technology-driven methods for enhancing both teaching and learning in the science and engineering disciplines. It describes the past, present, and future drivers for the implementation of hands-on teaching methods, incorporating industry standard software and hardware and the evolution of learning experiments into all-encompassing online environments that include socializing, learning, entertainment, and any other aspect of student life when studying science and engineering.
Ethical Behavior and the Development Paradigm
Authors: Gupta Punam , Kumar Dinesh
Published: March 2019

Marketplace ethical behaviour is quite difficult to practice because it stands at cross purposes with commercial objectives. Both companies and consumers look for short term benefits in preference over practices that are sustainable or planet friendly. The thinking that dominates development economics globally is to buy, use and throw. Companies like to launch new products all the time encouraging consumers to buy new and bigger models, packaged attractively, on which margins are higher, throwing away perfectly fine and working products. Ethical behaviour – whether it is sourcing of raw materials to paying workers adequately – entails additional costs and efforts. Modifying behaviour or inculcating long term thinking is not an easy task. This chapter looks at existing behaviour both of companies and consumers. It also describes ways in which business and government policy needs to change to encourage long-term thinking in society to change lifestyles across the board.
Industrial Guidelines for Stimulating Entrepreneurship With the Internet of Things
Authors: Zarei Mohammad , Jamalian Ahmad , Ghasemi Rohollah
Published: March 2019

Entrepreneurs are known as the engine of economic growth and prosperity. Entrepreneurs have relocated resources for the aim of introducing new economic, social, or socio-economic values. Revolutionary technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) have provided opportunities for entrepreneurs. The IoT is globally known as a new paradigm that rose from the world of ICT and changed dynamics of businesses and communities. However, there has been a lack of guidelines for promoting entrepreneurial initiatives by using of the IoT in industries. By conducting a comprehensive investigation of more than 120 commercialised IoT-based cases, this chapter identified 80 opportunity areas, and categorised them into the 13 main industries/sectors. Analysing 29 Iranian corporate, social, and SME entrepreneurs with the use of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique, this chapter measured the importance of each industry. Based on the results, this chapter presents recommendations to promote entrepreneurial activities.
A Framework for Using Crowdsourcing in Government
Authors: Clark Benjamin Y. , Zingale Nicholas , Logan Joseph , Brudney Jeffrey
Published: March 2019

Crowdsourcing is a concept in which the crowd is used as a source of labor, idea generation, or problem identification. Crowdsourcing originated in the private sector; though with any good private sector practice it is increasingly being utilized in government. This paper provides an overview of the concept of crowdsourcing, gives examples of its use in the private and public sectors, and develops a framework for how governments can begin to strategize and think about crowdsourcing to solve problems when engaging with citizens. The authors' framework is illustrated with a number of cases from current or past uses of crowdsourcing in government. They conclude with important considerations about how governments should strategize their crowdsourcing efforts.
Business-Oriented Analytics With Social Network of Things
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Sinha Adwitiya
Published: March 2019

In the modern era of technological advancements, internet of things (IoT) and social network of things (SNoT) have gained vitality with the extensive application of sensors for accumulation of socially relevant data. A colossal amount of social data collected becomes unfeasible to process and deliver with progress in time and domain. Therefore, a major problem lies in analysis, interpretation, and understanding of the huge amount of social data. This challenge has been greatly leveraged by context-aware computing, which permits storing context information so that meaningful analysis of data can be achieved. Also, the importance of context-aware social networking and network diffusion is elaborated with the aim to develop effective solutions to issues in this domain. The main concept here is people around a person share common experiences with that person, which in turn can be made interactive, thereby leading to collective and quick resolving of problems. Social network of things is closely coupled with context awareness to make interpretation of big data easier and compatible to recent trends.
Social Media as Persuasive Technology for Business in Malaysia
Authors: Hassan Shahizan , Shiratuddin Norshuhada , Salam Sobihatun Nur Ab
Published: March 2019

The use of social media for business purposes has been growing exponentially due to its great potential as an effective marketing tool. Nonetheless, studies which assess how effective social media can be as a persuasive technology are limited, especially in the context of developing countries. Therefore, this study attempts to evaluate the perceived impact of social media as a persuasive technology for businesses in Malaysia. To accomplish this, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 1,196 social media users. Geographical clustering sampling was used, together with simple random sampling to select participants for the survey, which was based in five regions in Malaysia. The outcome of the survey shows that social media can have a significant impact on business and that the majority of social media users perceive that social media content can indeed persuade people to purchase products or services offered. Furthermore, it was found that social media content can also significantly influence purchasing decisions.
Applying Business Solutions to Social Problems
Authors: Wronka-Pośpiech Martyna
Published: March 2019

Although research on social entrepreneurship has been expanding in recent years, the literature regarding business models in the context of social enterprises is still limited. This chapter explores the issues of business models in both profit and nonprofit contexts and discusses how value, being both the foundation and the overall outcome of the business model employed, is created. It begins with the background on the characteristics of social enterprises. This is followed by the conceptualization of business models and their components designed to account for their unique. Then a case to illustrate it is presented. The objective of the chapter is twofold. First, it is to analyse how nonprofit business models are different from its for profit counterparts (at the conceptual level) and to introduce relevant analytical framework. Secondly, the chapter aims at providing a case based on the particular model of a social enterprise in Poland (social co-operative) in order to investigate whatever the business models for profit firms could be applied in the social enterprises.
Transformation of Business Through Social Media
Authors: Venkatesh R. , Jayasingh Sudarsan
Published: March 2019

Social media are widely used in regular operations of many companies, including start-ups, small, medium and large organizations. The Social media are fundamentally changing the way we communicate, consume, collaborate and create. It creates one of the most transformative impacts on business. The most significant consequence of social media has been the shift of power from the institution to the individual. These shifts in the consumer-brand relationship have thrown up new challenges and opportunities for business organization. Social media have transformed the ways businesses from marketing and operations to finance and human resource management. Increasingly, social media are also transforming the way businesses relate to workers, allowing them to build flexible relationships with remote talent, to crowdsource new ideas, or to engage in micro outsourcing. Social media are increasingly being used in organizations to improve relationships among employees and nurture collaboration and the sharing culture. The purpose of this research is to explore the major changes which have taken place in organization because of social media.
Turning Marketing Students into Active Citizens
Authors: Nuttavuthisit Krittinee
Published: March 2019

This chapter discusses the learning of consumption and marketing within the context of social-related issues. The objectives are to expand dimensions of marketing education into a wider perspective beyond the economic focus to the social domain. Exploring the different contexts can help uncover a deeper perspective beyond general concepts of consumption and marketing. Moreover, considering the social aspect can enhance a longer perspective of business beyond current profit maximization, particularly in the 21st century with its emphasis on sustainability. The learning process can follow the four main steps of understanding the problem, introducing the solution, engaging participation (with real actions to support the project or organization), and evaluating output and outcome. These processes are elaborated together with examples of real practices and summarized learning derived from the classes conducted in Thailand. Not only can this benefit the students, but also the overall business and the society by turning marketing students into active citizens.
Women as Social Entrepreneurs in Turkey
Authors: Cicek Berat , Türkmenoğlu Mehmet Ali
Published: March 2019

Entrepreneurship has been an attractive topic for scholars over several decades. However, social entrepreneurship has remained relatively understudied in scale and scope. More specifically, the aspect of women in entrepreneurship is mostly untouched. Therefore, this chapter aims to examine the role of women in social entrepreneurship in an emerging economy such as Turkey. This research provides literature on definitions of social entrepreneurship and the differences between social entrepreneurship and business entrepreneurship by taking the historical development of entrepreneurship into account. Secondary data of four difference-maker women entrepreneurs are demonstrated through analyzing videos, newspapers, websites, and interviews of the entrepreneurs. Four different life stories of social entrepreneurs suggest that Turkish women social entrepreneurs face many challenges from their environment. The life stories indicate that they touched women's lives by improving their social status as well as economic conditions.