bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of lean thinking in healthcare services: Why is it importance
Authors: Nihayatul Munaa  , Ayu Tyas Purnamasari  , Faizatul Ummah  , Nahardian Vica Rahmawati  , M. Ganda Saputra  , Nuryati
Published: February 2023

Background: : Indonesia has implemented National Health Insurance since 2014 through quality improvement and cost efficiency strategy. In the early implementation, many hospitals suffered a loss due to the absence of efficiency in operational health services. In the other hand, few hospitals have implemented lean as an attempt of quality improvement and cost efficiency in National Health Insurance era. There is not enough evidence in Indonesia to support management tools implementation such as Lean for improving efficiency. Aims: This study aims to develop scientific knowledge and goodwill of Lean implementation in healthcare services in many countries. This study also becomes evidence-based to implement lean in Indonesia. Methods: This study used a systematic literature review and searched PubMed, Scopus, Clinical key, Sciencedirect, EBSCO, and other related journals from 2009 to 2018 with syntax keywords for each database. Twenty-two articles were included in the reviewed. Results: The result showed that most journals discussed Lean reducing lead time and ALOS to improve the patient value and patient safety, as well as the amount of journal discussed about Lean made cost reduction in healthcare operational to improve efficiency. Conclusion: Lean implementation should be adopted by Indonesian hospitals as quality improvement and cost containment strategy and enhance patient safety under National Health Insurance era.
A multicenter, randomized feasibility analysis comparing restrictive fluids to standard therapy for people with sepsis in the emergency department (REFACED)
Authors: Tshetiz Dahal  , Sumit Prajapati  , Bishrut Sapkota
Published: February 2023

Aim: Sepsis presents a problem for fluid management, and clinical consensus exists about intravenous (IV) volume requirements. When adult patients with sepsis who were not in shock presented to the emergency room, our goal was to assess if a 24-hour strategy restricting IV fluid was possible (ED). Methods: The REFACED Sepsis trial is an investigator-initiated, multicenter, randomised, open-label, feasibility study in which sepsis patients who are not in shock are randomly assigned to receive either conventional therapy or 24 hours of restrictive, crystal IV fluid delivery. Fluid boluses were only allowed in the IV fluid restriction group when certain conditions for hypoperfusion were met. The treating team determined the standard of care. Total IV crystalloid fluid volumes were the main result 24 hours after randomization. Total fluid volumes, feasibility tests, and patient-centered outcomes were also considered secondary outcomes. Results: In the initial analysis, we included 123 patients (61 patients under restrictive care and 62 patients under normal treatment). The proportion of eligible patients who met all inclusion criteria and no exclusion criteria was 32% (95% confidence interval [CI] 28%-37%). At 24hrs, the restriction versus standard care groups had mean (± SD) IV crystalloid fluid amounts of 562 (1076) ml and 1370 (1438) ml, respectively (mean difference -801 ml, 95% CI - 1257 to - 345 ml, p = 0.001). In the fluid-restrictive group, 21 (34%) of the patients experienced protocol violations. Adverse events, the need for mechanical breathing or vasopressors, acute renal failure, length of stay, or mortality did not differ across groups. Conclusions: In comparison to normal care, a regimen restricting IV crystalloid fluids in ED patients with sepsis resulted in lower 24-hour fluid amounts. It is possible that a future experiment may focus on patient-centered outcomes.
Penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar di UPT SMP Negeri 9 Gresik
Authors: Ningsih Ningsih
Published: February 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan kurikulum merdeka belajar di UPT SMP Negeri 9 Gresik. Yang menjelaskan mengenai Penerapan Kuirkulum Merdeka Belajar di UPT SMP Negeri 9 Gresik dengan menggunakan Metode Deskriptif. Bentuk struktur kurikulum Merdeka terdiri dari kegiatan intrakurikuler, Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila, dan ekstrakurikuler. Alokasi jam pelajaran pada struktur kurikulum dituliskan secara total dalam satu tahun dan dilengkapi dengan saran alokasi jam pelajaran jika disampaikan secara reguler/mingguan. Tidak ada perubahan total jam pelajaran, hanya saja JP (jam pelajaran) untuk setiap mata pelajaran dialokasikan untuk dua kegiatan pembelajaran yaitu pembelajaran intrakurikuler dan Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila. Jadi, jika dihitung JP kegiatan belajar rutin di kelas (intrakurikuler) saja, memang seolah-olah JP-nya berkurang dibandingkan dengan Kurikulum 2013. Namun, selisih jam pelajaran tersebut dialokasikan untuk Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila.

Kata Kunci: Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar, Pendidikan Dasar.
Impact of Farm-Scale on Animal Management Practices in Pırlak Sheep Enterprises
Authors: BOZKURT Zehra , GÜCÜYENER HACAN Özlem , ÇELİKELOĞLU Koray , KOÇAK Serdar , TEKERLİ Mustafa , ERDOĞAN Metin
Published: February 2023

This research aims to determine the effect of the farm-scale on the management practices applied in Pırlak sheep farms in the Emirdağ District of Afyonkarahisar province. The study was carried out in 56 Pırlak sheep farms, determined by a simple random cluster sampling method. Pırlak farms were assigned to small (101 heads) farms scale groups, taking into account the total number of sheep and rams. Management practices related to farm inputs, storage, animal feeding and grazing, milking, shearing, breeding, lamb care, marketing, animal health, and welfare were determined by creating measurements and observations in the farms and interviewing the farmers face to face. In general, animal feeding management in Pırlak farms, where traditional sheep farming was carried out, was mainly based on the common village pasture, and various amounts of concentrated feed were supplemented without determining the animals' real needs. The barns were soil, and air quality and dry litter were poor in this sheep with standard construction features. There were no rams, lambs, or maternity pens in the barns, and very few farms had maternity pens. It has been determined that performance records, animal diseases, and treatments were not kept, and the frequency of cleaning sheep equipment and manure removal was insufficient. Grazing, milking, lamb care, breeding, and shearing methods were accomplished mainly with traditional methods and manual. it has been understood that there are essential structural and managerial deficiencies in animal care and management in Pırlak farms, and the effect of farm scale is generally insignificant. In addition, it has been determined that Pırlak sheep farmers need to be trained in animal health, welfare, and business economics in order to support these family-type farms.
Peningkatan Kesadaran Masyarakat untuk Berolahraga melalui Kegiatan Jalan Sehat dan Penyuluhan Kesehatan pada Kelompok Pra Lansia dan Lansia Dasa Wisma Flamboyan 2 Kelurahan Tlogosari Kulon
Authors: Masfiyah Masfiyah , Fasitasari Minidian , Rahayu Rahayu
Published: February 2023

Latar Belakang: Prevalensi obesitas meningkat di berbagai negara. Obesitas merupakan faktor risiko berbagai macam penyakit. Pencegahan dibutuhkan dengan pola hidup sehat dan berolahraga. Jalan kaki merupakan olah raga yang murah dan sehat. Pengabdian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat untuk berolahraga melalui kegiatan jalan sehat dan penyuluhan kesehatan.Metode: Pengabdian diikuti oleh ibu-ibu lansia dan pra lansia di kelompok dasa wisma Flamboyan 2. Kegiatan dimulai dengan berolah raga jalan kaki selama 30 menit, dilaksanakan pada pagi hari. Kegiatan dilanjutkan dengan penyuluhan kesehatan, dan pengukuran data antropometri. Kegiatan dilaksanakan rutin setiap bulan.Hasil: Data BMI kelompok normal 22,2%, kelompok BB lebih dengan risiko 11,1%, Kelompok Obesitas satu 44,4%, dan kelompok obesitas dua 22,2%. Kehadiran meningkat dari 54,5 % bulan Juni, menjadi 63,64% bulan Juli dan Agustus, serta 72,73% pada bulan September.Kesimpulan: Terjadi peningkatan kesadaran masyarakat untuk berolah raga melalui kegiatan jalan sehat.�Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing in various countries. Obesity is a risk factor for various diseases. Prevention is needed with a healthy lifestyle and exercise. Walking is an inexpensive and healthy exercise. This service aims to increase public awareness to exercise through healthy walks and health education.Methods: This service was attended by elderly and pre-elderly mothers in the Flamboyan 2 dasa wisma group. The activity began with walking for 30 minutes, carried out in the morning. The activity was continued with health education, and anthropometric data measurement. Activities are carried out regularly every month.Results: BMI data for the normal group was 22.2%, the overweight group was 11.1% at risk, the first obesity group was 44.4%, and the second obesity group was 22.2%. Attendance increased from 54.5% in June, to 63.64% in July and August, and 72.73% in September.Conclusion: There is an increase in public awareness to exercise through healthy walking activities.
Аналіз навантаження основних стояків шасі маневреного літака при грубій посадці
Authors: Онищенко В. М. , Іленко Є. Ю. , Круць О. А. , Рєзніков С. В.
Published: February 2023

Навантаження шасі і планера в значній мірі залежать від маси літака, вертикальної швидкості, стану аеродрому та зовнішніх умов, можливих несправностей, кваліфікації льотчика. Пружність конструкції повітряного судна (ПС) також впливає на навантаження літака. В конструкції при динамічному навантаженні виникають інтенсивні пружні коливання, які треба приймати до уваги в процесі експлуатації. У статті наведені основні рівняння, що використовуються для побудови спрощеної математичної моделі (ММ) літака з рідинно-гасовим амортизатором шасі. Визначені основні параметри, які характеризують навантаження конструкції. Приведені результати розрахункового аналізу удару літака на основні стояки, проведені дослідження щодо впливу ряду конструктивних і експлуатаційних факторів на динамічні процеси, проаналізовані закономірності та особливості удару і навантаження ПС.
Удосконалений метод виявлення спектральних аномалій на основі інформаційного критерію Кульбака-Лейблера в системах дистанційного зондування
Authors: Купченко Л. Ф. , Худов Г. В. , Гурін А. П. , Риб’як А. С. , Гурін О. О.
Published: February 2023

Стаття присвячена удосконаленню методу виявлення спектральних аномалій на зображеннях, що спостерігаються за допомогою оптико-електронної системи. Під спектральною аномалією слід розуміти область невеликого розміру на зображенні, спектральні відмінності пікселів якої суттєво відрізняються від оточуючої її околиці. Було проведено аналіз відомих методів виявлення спектральних аномалій та обґрунтована доцільність використання методу на основі інформаційної міри віддаленості один від одного ймовірнісних розподілів – інформаційної дивергенції Кульбака-Лейблера.
Багатоетапний кореляційний алгоритм радіолокаційного розпізнавання повітряних об'єктів
Authors: Лещенко С. П.
Published: February 2023

Стаття є продовженням циклу статей, що присвячені дослідженню радіолокаційного розпізнавання повітряних об’єктів. В статті розглядається використання багатоетапного кореляційного алгоритму для вирішення задачі розпізнавання. Основною ознакою розпізнавання є радіолокаційний дальнісний портрет повітряного об’єкта, що отримується при використанні широкосмугових зондуючих сигналів. Додатковими ознаками розпізнавання є траєкторна ознака та ознака роторної модуляції. Особливістю роботи багатоетапного кореляційного алгоритму є те, що рішення про належність цілі приймається по сукупності отриманих дальнісних портретів, які прийняті з розносом у часі. Використання багатоетапного алгоритму суттєво поліпшує вірогідність правильного розпізнавання. Недоліком алгоритму є збільшення часу на прийом рішення. Результати дослідження отримані методом математичного моделювання. Моделювалося розпізнавання повітряних цілей 20 типів різних класів (турбореактивні літаки, гвинтові літаки, вертольоти та ракети). Наводяться розраховані значення показників якості розпізнавання типу повітряної цілі.
Study of acute and chronic toxicity of feed additive based on vermiculture
Authors: Malysheva K. O. , Kashina T. A. , Shutova A. A. , Solodnikov S. Yu. , Litvinov V. V. , Mekhonoshina O. O.
Published: February 2023

The paper presents the results of study of the toxicity of a feed additive, which includes Leuzea safflower (Rhaponticum carthamoides) and protein obtained from vermiculture. The acute toxicity of the feed additive was studied in 31 SD white rats. It has been established that the acute oral toxicity of the feed additive is above 2500 mg/kg, which makes it possible to classify the feed additive as hazard class 3 and classify it as “moderately hazardous” according to GOST 12.1.007-76. The chronic toxicity of the feed additive was studied in 22 SD white rats. The feed additive was administered orally at a dose of 120 and 1200 mg/kg for 30 days. Long-term effects were assessed 14 days after the last introduction of the feed additive. To assess the toxic effects, the effect of the additive on the general condition of the animals, food and water intake was evaluated, blood and urine were analyzed. Complete blood count was carried out by standard methods with the determination of the following parameters: hematocrit, hemoglobin level, the number of erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes, eosinophils, segmented neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes. The study of biochemical parameters of blood was carried out using standard kits for biochemical analysis. The following indicators were determined: ALT, total bilirubin, glucose, creatinine and urea. The urinalysis included the determination of the following indicators: density, leukocytes, nitrites, pH, erythrocytes, protein,  glucose, ascorbic acid, ketones, urobilinogen, bilirubin. There was no statistically significant difference in blood and urine parameters between the animals of the control and experimental groups. A pathohistological examination of the stomach, liver, kidneys and heart was carried out, which showed the absence of a toxic effect of the feed additive. Local irritant action was studied in pathomorphological studies. It has been established that the feed additive does not have an irritating effect at the injection site. Thus, the feed additive can be used in feeding farm animals and birds at the recommended dose.
Spectrometric analysis of the compatibility of succinic acid with iodinol and metronidazole in the animal wound-healing liposomal gel
Authors: Mosyagin V. V. , Belyaev A. G.
Published: February 2023

The expediency of including succinic acid (succinate) in wound healing gels has been studied and scientifically substantiated by infrared spectrometry. For this purpose, the interaction of antiseptic components of wound healing gels – metronidazole and iodinol with succinic acid in an aqueous medium was studied. In aqueous solutions of the studied substances, insignificant fluctuations of the wave numbers of the peak of 1642.27-1643.12 cm-1 were revealed, characterizing fluctuations in the C‒C valence bonds. Specific absorption peaks were also established: iodine compound with polyvinyl alcohol – 1555.22; 1232.06; 1066.00; metronidazole ‒ 2115.81, 1555.22, 1394.59, 1187.66 and 1088.40 and succinate – 2925.22, 2854.56, 2105.31, 1456.15, 1177.12, 1086.77. As the result of the conducted studies, it was found that succinic acid makes complex compounds with iodinol and metronidazole. The study of the IR spectra of the obtained compounds allows to suggest that they are formed by interaction of carboxyl group of succinic acid with C‒O groups of polyvinyl alcohol in iodinol and R2C=NH+ groups in metronidazole.
The substantiation of the parameters of an unmanned system for automated monitoring of animals on pasture
Authors: Shigimaga V. A. , Faysullin R. A. , Osokina A. S.
Published: February 2023

The research provides the substantiation of the main parameters of an unmanned automated herd monitoring system on a pasture by automating the measurement of current physiological indicators of animals to improve the efficiency and rate of supervision over them in free grazing conditions. The studies were based on the theory of radio communication about the propagation of radio waves, and also there was used a graphoanalytic method for calculating the parameters of component elements as parts of an unmanned system for automated monitoring of animals on pasture. The DJI Phantom 4 Advanced quadcopter was used to measure the flight time of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) over the real pasture. As a payload, the weight of 350 g was taken. As a pasture, the experimental field at the farm “Kutuzovka”, Kharkiv district, Kharkiv region with an area of 200 ha was used. The research was carried out in summer 2021. According to the results of well-known studies of the processes, methods and technical means of monitoring the physiological state of animals on pasture, it has been established that the advanced technological means including air-based devices should be used for remote monitoring. Among them are helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicles, as well as elements of the radio telemetry system (RTM), individual tags and sensors of the physiological parameters of the animal. At the same time, an unmanned automated monitoring system in combination with RTM elements is able to provide the transmission of physiological data from any sensors located on the animal's body or inside it. The data are transmitted to the main point of receiving information for processing it on a PC and giving recommendations to specialists (veterinarians, zootechnicians, etc.). The power of the relay equipment on board the UAV is calculated to be at least 60 mW and the communication range with the animal transponder not more than 800 m. The main parameters of the UAV flight over a pasture of 200 hectares have been experimentally established – the height is 20 m, the speed is 8.7 km/h, the time is 27.5 min, the payload is 350 g.
Subsidy distribution among the subjects of agro-industrial complex in Kazakhstan
Authors: Seitov S. K.
Published: February 2023

The problem of limited budget funds for subsidizing agriculture is acute in Kazakhstan. Under these conditions, it is important to ensure targeting of subsidies, when they are delivered to those producers who are able to use them effectively for the production needs. The aim of the research is to highlight the main trends in the distribution of subsidies in the agro-industrial complex of Kazakhstan and their impact on the results of the industry. The efficiency of subsidies is influenced not only by their structure by type, but also by their distribution among commodity producers. On average in 2018-2021, thirty largest subjects of the agro-industrial complex, receiving 4-10 % of the total amount of subsidies, give 4-15 % of tax revenues, have 3-7 % of the gross profit in agriculture in Kazakhstan. The concentration ratios for 2018-2021 do not exceed 0.10, and for 150 largest farms they do not exceed 0.21, showing no significant changes in 2020-2021. This indicator allows to estimate the degree of uneven distribution of subsidies among recipient farms: the higher it is, the more unevenly the support is distributed. The indices of even distribution of subsidies based on profits are characterized by a downward trend in 2018-2021, regarding that the contribution of the largest subsidy recipients to the total gross profit has decreased. The same suspicious trend is inherent in the Equal Distribution of Subsidies Indices based on taxes paid. Based on the author’s method, the paper reveals the connection between production efficiency, provided at the expense of innovations, and the increase in the contribution of innovatively active producers to the industry's gross profit. By subsidizing advanced and innovatively active producers, the state will contribute to the increase of return on subsidies (expressed as an increase in the recipients' contribution to the industry’s gross profit). Based on these principles, the author recommends to prioritize subsidizing among subjects of the agro-industrial complex.
Epizootic situation for brucellosis in the Russian Federation (review)
Authors: Zakharova O. I. , Burova O. A. , Iashin I. V. , Blokhin A. A.
Published: February 2023

The World Health Organization (WHO) considers brucellosis to be one of the most dangerous and spread zoonosis in the world. The aim of the review is to summarize the current scientific data on the brucellosis in animals, to analyze the epizootic situation in the Russian Federation, Arctic Zone included, and to define the key factors of animal protection against the infection. The epizootic situation for brucellosis in farm animals, which are carriers of the three main pathogens of  brucellosis, is an urgent epidemiological problem. Their widespread occurrence is the factor determining the world-wide distribution of pathogens in most countries that indicates for the importance of control the brucellosis on an international scale. In Russia, a high epizootic risk of the spread of the disease is observed in the regions of the Volga, Southern and North Caucasian Federal Districts, in southern Siberia and Far East as well as in the Arctic. Brucellosis has the same epizootic and epidemiological significance in the Arctic regions considering the national food preferences of the peoples of the Far North. In the Russian Arctic, epizootic foci of brucellosis in cattle and reindeer have been identified and evidence of the epidemiological significance and ecological association of B. suis with the reindeer population has been presented. Specific prophylaxis of brucellosis is based on the use of vaccines. However, the problem of reindeer vaccination has not been finally resolved.
Assessment of adaptability and potential productivity of spring soft wheat in the conditions of the Ryazan region
Authors: Barkovskaya T. A. , Gladysheva O. V. , Kokoreva V. G.
Published: February 2023

The article gives a comprehensive assessment of 5 varieties (Lada, Agata, RIMA, Arcea, Maestro) and 5 breeding lines of spring soft wheat according to the yield and adaptive properties. The studies were carried out in 2018-2022 in the conditions of the Ryazan region on dark gray forest soil. The potential for productivity and adaptability was determined according to the method of L. A. Zhivotkov et al., the degree of yield variation (СV, %) – according to B. A. Dospekhov,  the yield range (d, %) – according to V. A. Zykin, index of stability (L') – according to A. A. Gryaznov, the indicator of the level of stability of the yield of a variety (PUSS) – according to E. D. Nettevich et al., ecological plasticity (bi), stability of yield (σ2d) and index of environment conditions (Ij) – according to S. A. Eberhart and W. A. Russell. It has been established that on average for 2018-2022 the highest yield potential was noted in the varieties Arcea (5.19 t/ha), Maestro (5.69 t/ha) and line  268 (5.33 t/ha). It was revealed that the productivity of the Maestro variety and line 268 was higher than the average varietal both under favorable conditions of 2022 (Ij = +6.2) – by 16.3 and 9.7 %, and under unfavorable dry conditions of 2019  (Ij = -5.4) – by 22.0 and 24.5 %, respectively. The productivity of the Arcea variety under conditions of severe drought was 99.1 % of the average varietal, which indicates good adaptive properties. As the result of the assessment by the linear regression coefficient (bi), it has been established that the varieties RIMA, Agata, Lada, Arcea actively respond to the improvement of external environmental factors (bi = 1.23; 1.35; 1.43; 1.52, respectively). According to the results of a comprehensive assessment of adaptive properties, the Maestro variety and line 898 were distinguished, which were characterized by a relatively stable yield (СV – 9.3 and 5.2%; σ2d  – 7.71 and 9.09; L' – 6.12 and 9.44; PUSS – 209.6 and 176.5 %, respectively) and high adaptability to environmental conditions (CA – 1.17 and 1.01, respectively).
Current state and prospects of protoplast technology and potato somatic hybridization (review)
Authors: Polivanova O. B. , Egorova A. S. , Sivolapova A. B. , Goryunova S. V.
Published: February 2023

Wild Solanum species have often been used as sources of important agricultural traits, including resistance to various diseases, pests, and abiotic factors. However, their large-scale use in potato breeding is limited by complex barriers of sexual incompatibility with Solanum tuberosum. Fusion of protoplasts enzymatically isolated from somatic cells is one of the approaches to overcoming sexual incompatibility. The diverse nuclear and cytoplasmic traits exhibited by potato somatic hybrids provide new genetic material for breeding programs, which is confirmed by the creation of a large number of somatic hybrids of cultivated potatoes with wild Solanum species. The research in development of somatic potato hybrids by means of protoplast fusion has been carried out for more than 40 years already. In this review, the prospects for the use of this technology in modern potato breeding are considered. Genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic studies provide further insight into the fundamental processes underlying the somatic hybrids formation, such as cell wall formation, chromosomal rearrangements in fusion products, regeneration, and also make a significant contribution to understanding the processes of genome stabilization. Improvement in the methods of molecular screening of both genome and cytoplasm also contributes to the expansion of the field of application of somatic hybrids in breeding. Finally, it has been shown that somatic hybridization promotes the introgression of important agricultural traits, primarily resistance to pathogens.
The effect of increasing doses of mineral fertilizers on productivity and structural indicators of Raphael spring barley new variety
Authors: Levakova O. V.
Published: February 2023

Study of the effectiveness of the use of increasing doses of mineral fertilizers (N16P16K16...N120P120K120) was carried out in 2020-2022 in the conditions of the Ryazan region on dark gray forest heavy loamy soil of average fertility. The object of the research was a new variety of spring barley Raphael, included into the State Register of the Russian Federation for the Central (3) and Volga–Vyatka (4) Regions in 2022 (patent No. 12254). As the result of the research, there was revealed a positive trend for raising the yield of the Raphael variety resulted from the use of increasing doses of NPK (y = 0.1829x + 6.36,  R2 = 0.8866). On average, over the years of the research, the minimum yield productivity (6.50 t/ha) was shown by the control variant (N16P16K16), the variant with application of high doses (N120P120K120) had the maximum productivity (7.40 t/ha).  The yield increase by 0.6...0.9 t/ha was provided by mineral fertilizers in doses of N45P45K45...N120P120K120. The yield of barley per year with sufficient moisture supply during the growing season (HTC = 1.39) was 4.6-5.1 % higher than in dry years (HTC = 0.63-0.53). Structural analysis of yield indicates that during the experiment, the yield of this variety has been influenced by the length of the ear (r = 0.689), the number of grains in the ear (r = 0.467), the weight of grain per the ear  (r = 0.715). Increasing doses of applied fertilizers led to an increase in the leaf surface area of plants and the height of the productive stems. The highest protein content in barley grain was observed in the variant with the use of N120P120K120 (on average 14.1 %), the minimum – with the application of N16P16K16 (on average 13.2 %). The calculation of economic efficiency showed that the highest conditional net income (69413 rubles/ha) and the level of profitability (187.1 %) with the yield of the new Raphael variety of 7.1 t/ha can be achieved by applying medium doses of fertilizers N45P45K45.
Varieties and antioxidant indices of red currant of Chelyabinsk breeding in the conditions of the Middle Urals
Authors: Chebotok E. M.
Published: February 2023

The unique scientific installation of the collection of live plants in the open ground "Gene pool of fruit, berry and ornamental crops in the Middle Urals" at the Sverdlovsk Breeding Station of Horticulture has about 2 thousand varieties and 80 thousand hybrids of fruit and berry crops, of which 45 varieties are red currant. The article presents the results of study of 10 red currant varieties of the South-Ural Scientific Research Institute of Horticulture and Potatoes in the conditions of the Sverdlovsk Region (Middle Urals). The prevailing weather conditions during the research period (2019-2022) affected the timing of the passage of the phenological phases of red currant varieties. In 2019 the beginning of bud break was noted from the 20thof April to the 25th of April, the beginning of flowering ‒ from the 5thof May to the 20thof May. In 2020-2021, the beginning of bud break was observed from April, 18th to April, 25th; the beginning of flowering ‒ from May, 8thto May, 13th. The beginning of ripening of berries in 2020 fell on the period from July, 14thto July, 16th; in 2021 ‒ from July, 6thto July, 8th. In 2022, the beginning of bud break was recorded from April, 26th to May, 1st, the beginning of flowering ‒ from May, 16th to May, 18th, the beginning of ripening ‒ from July, 16thto July, 18th. The shift in the dates of the onset of the main phases of vegetation can reach 10 days from the average long-term values. Preliminary results of a collection study of varieties of Chelyabinsk breeding have been obtained. On average, over 3 years of fruiting, the highest productivity was noted on the varieties Jota and Ogni Urala ‒ 1.07 kg/bush. The highest mass of berries was noted in the varieties Kapitalina, Jota, Il'inka, Beta: average ‒ 0.6...0.7 g, maximum ‒ 1.0...2.0 g. The varieties Jota, Al'fa, Alaya zor'ka, Kapitalina, Luchezarnaya, Beta, Epsilon differed in dessert taste. The highest content of antioxidants in red currant berries was found in varieties Luchezarnaya, Il'inka, Epsilon ‒ 10.99…12.65 mmol/dm3 eq.
Die Belastung und das Wohlbefinden bei der Pflege von Menschen mit Schwerbehinderung
Authors: Drakopoulou Stamatia , Soulis Spyridon-Georgios , Kessler-Kakoulidis Lucia
Published: February 2023

Bei der Pflege schwerbehinderter Menschen sind die Angehörigen einer besonderen Belastung und Herausforderungen ausgesetzt. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, die subjektive Belastung pflegender Angehöriger von Menschen mit Schwerbehinderung sowie die Auswirkungen der Pflege auf ihr subjektives Wohlbefinden zu untersuchen. Insbesondere ging es darum, in Erfahrung zu bringen, ob, und inwieweit eine Pflegebelastung mit dem Erleben von Wohlbefinden vereinbar ist oder nicht. Die Stichprobe der Forschungsstudie bestand aus 549 »informell« pflegenden Angehörigen, davon waren 292 pflegende Angehörige von Menschen mit Behinderungen und 257 pflegende Angehörige von Menschen ohne Behinderungen. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigten die höheren bzw. niedrigeren Belastungsbzw. Wohlbefindlichkeitsniveaus von pflegenden Angehörigen von Menschen mit schweren Behinderungen, im Vergleich zu pflegenden Angehörigen von Menschen ohne Behinderungen. Die Begriffe »Belastung« und »Wohlbefinden« werden bei entsprechenden Untersuchungen pflegender Angehöriger meist als getrennte Konzepte behandelt. In dieser Studie wird die Belastung auch im Zusammenhang mit dem Gefühl des Wohlbefindens untersucht und analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass pflegende Angehörige zwar belastet sein können, jedoch gleichzeitig ebenso ein hohes Maß an Befriedigung erfahren. Schließlich ermöglicht die gemeinsame Bewertung der Belastungsund Wohlbefindlichkeitsdimensionen, die in der Erfahrung pflegender Angehöriger koexistieren, die Identifizierung persönlicher und sozialer Ressourcen, die in Interventionen, die sich an pflegende Angehörige richten, einbezogen werden können.
Associated course of salmonellosis and colibacillosis in poultry in commercial growing
Authors:   FSBSI “Federal scientific center — All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine named after K.I. Skryabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko RSА” (FSBSI FSC VARIEVM RAS), Moscow, Russia, Ruzina Anna V. , Vasyukov Nikolay V. ,   LRS “Scientific Production “AVIVAK” Enterprise”, S.-Petersburg, Russia, Rozhdestvenskaya Tatiana N. ,   FSBSI “Federal scientific center — All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine named after K.I. Skryabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko RSА” (FSBSI FSC VARIEVM RAS), Moscow, Russia, Pankratov Sergey V. ,   FSBEI HE “Saint Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine” (FSBEI HE SPbSUVM), S.-Petersburg, Russia
Published: February 2023

The paper is devoted to the problem of zoonotic nature acute intestine diseases in population caused by poul- try salmonella and colibacilles. Salmonellosis and colibacillosis prevention is very important for poultry industry as this branch produces dietary easily digestible products on large scale. Poultry farm epizootic welfare in poultry salmonellosis and coli- bacillosis ensures favorable population epidemiology situation in zoonotic nature acute intestine diseases.
Colorimetric assessment of egg readiness degree during thermal treatment
Authors:   “All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Poultry Processing Industry” — the branch of FSC ARRTPI RAS (ARSRIPPI), Moscow region, Russia, Revyakin Artem O. , Stefanova Isabella L. ,   “All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Poultry Processing Industry” — the branch of FSC ARRTPI RAS (ARSRIPPI), Moscow region, Russia, Shakhnazarova Ludmila V. ,   “All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Poultry Processing Industry” — the branch of FSC ARRTPI RAS (ARSRIPPI), Moscow region, Russia, Klimenkova Anastasia Yu. ,   “All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Poultry Processing Industry” — the branch of FSC ARRTPI RAS (ARSRIPPI), Moscow region, Russia
Published: February 2023

Experimental material has been given that shows egg boiling optimal time in dependence on egg mass for the best sensory qualities preservation: smell, color and taste. Egg yolk outer membrane color change has been shown in dependence of boiling time and possibility of this process colorimetric control.
Quality investigation of meat product from poultry meat
Authors:   FSBEI HE “Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin” (FSBEI HE Omsk SAU named after P.A. Stolypin), Omsk, Russia, Skryabina Olga V. , Ryabkova Dina S. ,   FSBEI HE “Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin” (FSBEI HE Omsk SAU named after P.A. Stolypin), Omsk, Russia
Published: February 2023

Raw material characteristics have been given in the paper together with its using justification for ready-to- cook product producing from poultry meat. Analysis has been made of data received for optimal recipe choice and ready product quality results have been given.
Geometric optical kink in (1+1)-dimensional flat space-time
Authors: Hadi Miftachul
Published: February 2023

We propose that the geometric optical kink could exist in (1+1)-dimensional flat space-time.
Decline in trust in modern molecular biology
Authors: Feranchuk Sergey
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND Some of the priorities which are everywhere in modern molecularbiology need to be questioned in the face of the vulnerabilities which are becomingvisible due to the recent pandemic. The need to deal with big data, and the needto deal with non-equilibrium systems, are a potential cause of risks and artifacts,even up to illusions of a large scale which have a support in itself. And some of thepriorities in molecular biology are indeed just illusions, which means that much ofthe effort made by microbiologists is made in vain.METHODS Illusions cause a decline in reliability, and suggest a change of pri-orities. To detect and localise some artifacts, tools from information theory andstatistical physics were applied to some example cases of molecular biology, bothin different subject areas, and of different scales. These artifacts can be classified,either as a convergence to a wrong local minimum, or as a stable illusion supportedby positive feedback, just like many of the common causes of malfunctioning in com-plex systems. The subject areas under discussion are too complex to suggest truesolutions to the problems. But in each of the cases, some hints are provided aboutthe direction to go for recovery from the artifacts.RESULTS The subject areas which are discussed as case studies are : - evolutionof early humans; - early development of embryos; - prediction of protein structure;- inhibition of tumours; - herbal medicine. In the last of these subject areas, theunderestimated value of herbal preparations for the treatment of the coronavirusinfection is stressed. And a classification of some medicinal plants is proposed,which may be an approximate response to the corona challenge.CONCLUDING REMARK The causes of some artifacts are uncertain, and thereis a lack of confidence which prevents molecular biologists from stepping outsidetheir usual directions. But science is a part of society, and problems of science arethe problems of society. However, the risks involved when dealing with uncertaintiesare a different problem.
A New Dialogue on Yijing - The Book of Changes in a World of Changes, Instability, Disequilibrium and Turbulence
Authors: Leong David
Published: February 2023

This paper proposes a reinterpretation of the Chinese worldview onequilibrium/nonequilibrium and yin-yang. Important terminologies and concepts thatconstitute Yijing have correlative aspects with irreversible thermodynamics and quantumreality- instability, nonlinearity, nonequilibrium and temporality. Ilya Prigogine is a Nobellaureate noted for his contribution to dissipative structures and their role in thermodynamicsystems far from equilibrium, complexity and irreversibility. His expressions, as argued inthis paper, resonate with the principles in Yijing. Thus, this paper attempts to re-stateexisting interpretations of Yijing’s ideas with reference to science. Understanding Yijing’sterms and concepts must be contextualised to account for its pervasiveness of temporalityand the change process. Otherwise, these cardinal concepts may be misconstrued as ahodgepodge of Eastern traditions with no relevance to modern science. This paperconcentrates on the fundamental role of indeterminism in nonlinear systems on classicaland quantum levels using Yijing’s conceptual framework. It concludes that the dominant ideas in Yijing and ancient Chinese philosophy resonate with the current scientific belief – the end of certainty. Instability, far-from-equilibrium, irreversibility, probability, bifurcation, and self-organisation are intrinsic properties of nature appearing at all levels, from particle, protein folding, and DNA double helix to cosmological scales. Information is the basis of all changes, and the agency of change is the human (‘ren’) with a consciousness existing in the probability space between heaven (‘tian’) and earth (‘di’). Finally, this paper outlines a modelling approach with the self-organising human in the centre between heaven and earth, representing living systems as discrete dynamical systems presented with binary choices (yin-yang). The interplay of yin and yang lines in a hexagram is thought to reflect the changing dynamics of a given situation, and the interpretation of the hexagram is based on the relationships between the yin and yang lines based on informational availability. In this way, the concepts of yin-yang and information causality are central to Yijing's understanding of change and are clarified in this paper.
Assessing the Environmental Sustainability of Cloud Computing: A Life Cycle Assessment Approach
Authors: Liu Mingxuan , Yan Zhang , Xiaoping Wang , Peterson Carrie
Published: February 2023

Cloud computing has emerged as a popular technology platform that allows businesses to store, access, and process data and applications over the internet. This technology has the potential to reduce costs, increase scalability, and improve efficiency, making it an attractive option for businesses of all sizes. However, as the adoption of cloud computing continues to grow, concerns have been raised about its environmental impact. This has led to the need for an assessment of the environmental sustainability of cloud computing. In this research, we take a life cycle assessment approach to assess the environmental sustainability of cloud computing. The life cycle assessment approach involves the evaluation of the environmental impact of a product or service throughout its entire life cycle, from the extraction of raw materials to the disposal of waste. We apply this approach to cloud computing by analyzing the environmental impact of the hardware, software, and data center infrastructure required to support cloud computing. Our research shows that cloud computing can have a significant environmental impact, particularly in terms of energy consumption and carbon emissions. The hardware required to support cloud computing, such as servers and data storage devices, consumes a significant amount of energy and contributes to greenhouse gas emissions. Additionally, the cooling systems required to maintain optimal temperatures in data centers also consume a significant amount of energy. We further identify several strategies that can be implemented to improve the environmental sustainability of cloud computing. These strategies include the use of renewable energy sources to power data centers, the optimization of data center cooling systems, and the use of energy-efficient hardware and software. Our findings highlight the need for businesses and policymakers to consider the environmental impact of cloud computing when making decisions about technology adoption. By implementing strategies to improve the environmental sustainability of cloud computing, businesses can reduce their carbon footprint and contribute to a more sustainable future.
Development and Application of Collaborative Problem-Solving Design (CPS) in Higher Education: Perspectives from International Students
Authors: Siklander Signe Pirkko Auroora , Impiö Niina , Celik Ismail , Rawat Bhavna
Published: February 2023

To prepare higher education students for the demands of complex problem solving in working life, pedagogical practices need to be developed. In this article, we describe the pedagogical design of a collaborative problem-solving (CPS) process and investigate the role of design in supporting student learning. Qualitative data were collected from interviews (N = 61) during five different phases of a CPS process, and at the end of the course. Despite the many confrontations during the CPS process, students were highly competent in applying their knowledge about collaborative and strategic regulation of their own learning processes. Students experienced the CPS process as an effective instructional method for designing their learning, although external support was also needed. The external client plays an important role in providing an open problem and learning experience from authentic working-life contexts. Such clients can be either supportive or discouraging, depending on their understanding of the CPS process and learning. To prepare students for an authentic working life context, it is crucial to provide them with open and messy problems. The pedagogical design of the CPS provides a blueprint for promoting CPS in interdisciplinary higher education contexts, which require new ways of integrating education and working life.
Commentary on Rahal et al. (2023) “Quality Research Needs Good Working Conditions”: Neglecting the Crucial Role of Collective Action
Authors: Hostler Tom
Published: February 2023

I present a commentary on Rahal et al.'s (2023) recent Nature comment piece on working conditions in academia. I argue that their article neglects to acknowledge the sources of current substandard working conditions or the role of collective action and organized labour in addressing them.
Beyond our Tribe: Developing a Normative Sense of Group-Transcendent Fairness
Authors: Yang Fan , Yang Xin , Dunham Yarrow
Published: February 2023

Human beings naturally prefer and support ingroup members more than outgroup members, but to what extent do we morally value equal treatment to ingroups and outgroups? Across four preregistered studies, we examined the development of “group-transcendent fairness”, i.e. the moral endorsement of allocating resources equally to ingroup members and outgroup members. We found that when allocating common resources to ingroup and outgroup members, American adults (N = 549) thought it was morally right to allocate equally instead of giving more to their family, political, or minimal ingroup members, across high and low stakes (Study 1). This normative sense of group-transcendent fairness develops gradually: 4-6-year-olds tended to endorse ingroup favoritism, whereas by age 8 or 9 children endorsed intergroup fairness (Studies 2-3, N = 214). Adults from China (N = 200) –– a culture that values ingroup loyalty –– also endorsed intergroup fairness as morally right, suggesting this moral value is not specific to western societies where egalitarianism is emphasized (Study 4). In contrast to the normative endorsement of intergroup fairness, participants in all studies did not predict most people to be fair across contexts, suggesting group-transcendent fairness was perceived more as a prescriptive than a descriptive norm (Studies 1-4). Together, our studies reveal the robust presence of group-transcendent fairness, which is valued across group contexts and cultures, develops later than ingroup support, and is prescriptive but not descriptive by nature. The findings help illuminate the nature and development of one group-transcendent moral value that helps promote intergroup relations and societal progress.
The effect of fertility on economic wellbeing in rural Vietnam. A multilevel propensity score matching approach
Authors: Arpino Bruno
Published: February 2023

This paper examines the role of the community context in the estimation of the effect of fertility on households’ economic wellbeing in rural Vietnam. Contextual characteristics can strongly influence both fertility and economic wellbeing and therefore it is crucially important to account for them in order to draw valid causal inference. The multilevel dimension introduces statistical complications and stimulates interesting research questions. We implement multilevel propensity score matching (PSM) techniques and propose a weaker version of the traditional SUTVA assumption. This assumption is usually overlooked in causal inference studies in demographic research, but it may be violated in the presence of spillover effects (interference). We propose a version of SUTVA that allows the effect of fertility on economic wellbeing to also depend on the overall fertility level in the community. We find a negative and substantively important effect of fertility on economic wellbeing and that the effect is stronger in high-level fertility communities, denoting the presence of spillover effects. On the contrary, fertility measured at the community level does not have a significant effect per se on households’ economic wellbeing.