bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROGRESSIVE ATHEROSCLEROTIC CORONARY ARTERIES IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERAL ISCHEMIC EVENTS IN ANAMNESIS
Authors: O.M. Parkhomenko , N.G. Lozhkina
Published: September 2021

Вackground. Progressive atherosclerosis is accompanied by unfavorable clinical outcomes; study and understanding of this process is necessary to identify the appropriate risk groups.
Purpose of the study to study the dynamics of atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries in patients with several ischemic events in history.
Patient Characterization and Research Methods. The present subanalysis included 51 patients with recurrent nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) out of the initially included 100 patients with index MI. All 100 patients had a history of two or more ischemic coronary or cerebral events, which corresponds to the clinical signs of progressive atherosclerosis. The dynamics of the degree of coronary stenosis from the moment of index MI to repeated MI was assessed according to the data of selective coronary angiography. The statistical program Microsoft Office Excel 2019 was used.
Results. All patients with recurrent myocardial infarction (51 people) had signs of progression of coronary artery stenosis: "mild" progression - 82.3%, "moderate" and "severe" - 15.6% and 2.1%, respectively. SYNTAX Score> 22.5 points was a predictor of one-year adverse outcomes: OR 6.349, CI (2.548-15.823). The results obtained make it possible to distinguish a group of patients with accelerated atherosclerosis syndrome in order to stratify the risk and optimally manage this complex category of patients.
MANIFESTATIONS OF HEART INSUFFICIENCY IN MEN UNDER 60 YEARS OLD WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION COMPLICATED WITH ACUTE KIDNEY DAMAGE
Authors: A.V. Golikov , V.A. Reiza , B.B. Tassybayev , A.V. Gordienko
Published: September 2021

Relevance. Acute kidney injury in myocardial infarction worsens its prognosis, including due to the development of chronic heart failure. Moreover, most of the data was obtained for patients over 60 years old.
Aim. To evaluate the features of the heart failure manifestations in men under 60 years old with myocardial infarction complicated by acute kidney injury to improve prevention and outcomes.
Material and methods. The study included men 19-60 years old with type I myocardial infarction. The patients were divided into two age-comparable groups: I - study group, with acute kidney injury - 25 patients; II - control, without it - 486 patients. A comparative analysis of the heart failure main manifestations frequency in the first 48 hours (1) and at the end of the third week of the disease (2), their dynamics, analysis of their impact on the risk of chronic heart failure development in acute kidney injury (ANOVA) was performed.
Results. The study group (4.0%) differed from the control (21.8%) in a lower frequency of acrocyanosis (p = 0.03) and liver enlargement (8.0 and 25.7%; respectively; p = 0.046) at the end of the eighth week diseases. The main risk markers of the chronic heart failure development in study group were: winter period of the year (absolute risk: 94.1%; relative - 3.76; p = 0.0003), respiratory infections 2-3 times a year (absolute risk: 81.8%; p = 0.003), left ventricular myocardial mass index1 ≥ 173.3 g/m2 (absolute risk: 100%; p = 0.008) and mean arterial pressure1 ≥ 120 mm Hg (absolute risk: 100%; relative - 1.88; p = 0.01).
Conclusions. Men under 60 years old with acute kidney injury in myocardial infarction are characterized by a higher incidence of chronic heart failure. The listed above values of the different predictors should be used in the formation of the high-risk groups for the chronic heart failure in acute kidney injury development, as well as for prognostic modeling.
PROBLEMS OF UPBRINGING AND ADAPTATION OF ADOLESCENT FEMALES AGED 15-17 IN ADOPTIVE FAMILIES
Authors: D.A. Dmitriev , A.G. Ivanov
Published: September 2021

Orphans and children left without parental care can be placed in adoptive families, which is supposed to ensure the best possible conditions for the upbringing and social adaptation of such children in a supportive family environment. Adaptation is seen as a social and psychological process of adjusting to new living conditions and psychological climate in the adoptive family. The study seeks to identify specific features of the upbringing and adaptation of adolescent females aged 15-17 who are children under wardship in adoptive families. The study is based on a questionnaire survey method.
The object of the present study is adolescent females who are in the care of adoptive families and are undergoing medical treatment or screening in the adolescent unit for females aged 15-17 at the public healthcare institution “No. 4 Psychiatric Hospital” of the Moscow region. To investigate the upbringing and adaptation issues, a survey was conducted using the following questionnaires: 1) Adolescents’ perception of parents; 2) Family ambience scale; 3) Social and psychological adaptation scale.
The questionnaire-based survey of adolescent females aged 15-17 raised in adoptive families yielded insights about the psychological aspect of relations between children and adoptive parents, which reveals the content and specificity of parenting practices from the perspective of the teenage girls. The study also evaluates the social climate in adoptive families and the sociopsychological adaptation of adolescent females to the new living conditions and parenting style.
Questionnaire-based investigations can help identify existing problems in the upbringing of adolescent females in adoptive families, which may further advance evidence-based approaches to facilitating the social adaptation of adolescent females.
PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET OF CARDIOPLEGIC DRUGS AND FEATURES OF THEIR APPLICATION IN RUSSIA
Authors: A.I. Ovod , M.D. Novikova
Published: September 2021

Relevance. Surgical treatment of cardiovascular diseases with the use of artificial blood circulation is associated with the need to protect the myocardium. Various cardioplegic solutions are widely used in cardiac surgery to stop and protect the heart. Currently, a significant number of mixtures of drug solutions are used in "open" heart surgery. However, not all of them have been officially registered as cardioplegic solutions and not all have the appropriate indications in the instructions for medical use of the drug, which jeopardizes the safety and quality of medical care for patients. Goal. To study the pharmaceutical market of registered drugs for cardioplegia and to estimate the share of heart operations with the connection of artificial circulation performed without the use of officially registraited drugs for cardioplegia. Materials and methods. The following methods were used in the work: content analysis, statistical, marketing, graphic. The main information sources were: the State Register of Medicines; statistical indicators of surgical interventions in cardiac surgery, information on public procurement of medicines, instructions for the medical use of medicines, regulatory documents. Results. This study presents the results of a marketing analysis of the pharmaceutical market of drugs officially registered for cardioplegia. Three medicines have been registraited in Russia, which, in accordance with the instructions for use, can be used during surgical interventions in the quality of cardioplegic solutions. According to the ATC classification, all of them belong to the subgroup of the fifth level B05XA16 "Cardioplegic solutions". For the period 2018-2020. the volumes of purchases of cardioplegic solutions for the needs of medical organizations have been established and the volumes of drugs for surgical intervention in cardiac surgery during operations on the "open" heart have been determined. The comparison of morbidity rates and the estimated number of surgical interventions of the cardiac surgery service based on the data of public procurement of drugs for cardioplegia, revealed a discrepancy between the volumes of purchased cardioplegic solutions and the care provided. The data analysis shows that at least 23 thousand cardiac surgeries in Russia are performed annually without the use of registraited medicines for cardioplegia. Conclusion. When performing surgical interventions on an "open" heart with the connection of artificial blood circulation, it is necessary to use cardioplegic solutions that have an official indication in the instructions for medical use, in order to ensure the safety of patients and to perform medical interventions of appropriate quality.
RISK FACTORS FOR THE URINARY DISORDERS DEVELOPMENT IN MEN UNDER 60 YEARS OLD IN THE ACUTE PERIOD OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: A.V. Gordienko , V.A. Reiza , A.S. Izmuhanov , A.V. Golikov
Published: September 2021

Relevance. The cardiovascular risk factors structure features in myocardial infarction, complicated by urinary disorders, in young and middle-aged men have been insufficiently studied.
Aim. To evaluate the cardiovascular risk factors structure features in men under 60 years old with myocardial infarction, complicated by urinary disorders, to improve prevention and outcomes.
Material and methods. The study included men 19-60 years old with type I myocardial infarction. The patients were divided into two age-comparable groups: I - study group, with acute kidney injury - 15 patients; II - control, without it - 496 patients. A comparative analysis of the main and additional cardiovascular risk factors frequency, analysis of their influence on the risk of urinary disorders in myocardial infarction (ANOVA) were performed.
Results. The study group differed from the control group in the greater frequency of coronary artery bypass surgery (in the study group: 31.8%; in the control group: 8.4%; p = 0.0002), pacing (9.1 and 0.5%; respectively); p < 0.0001), history of atrial fibrillation and/or flutter (27.3 and 9.2%; p = 0.005), chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency (77.3 and 51.3%; p = 0,02), alcohol abuse (63.6 and 25.2%; p < 0.0001), frequent (four or more per year) colds (27.3 and 12.6%; p = 0,04), cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disturbances in the onset of coronary artery disease (61.9 and 24.9%; p = 0.0007), smoking for 20 years or more (36.4 and 16.8%; p = 0.003) , chronic kidney disease (46.7 and 16.2%; p = 0.02), chronic foci of internal organs infections (77.3 and 39.4%; p = 0.002), urine (27.3 and 8.6%; p = 0.006) and gallstone diseases (13.6 and 5.4%; p = 0.006). These indicators were the markers of the urinary disorders development in myocardial infarction.
Conclusions. Men under 60 years old with urinary disorders in myocardial infarction are characterized by smoking, metabolic disorders, chronic kidney disease, heart rhythm and conduction disorders, alcohol abuse, frequent colds and chronic foci of internal organ infections. The data listed above should be used in the formation of high-risk groups for the development of urinary disorders, as well as for prognostic modeling.
ANALYSIS OF THE AVAILABILITY AND EFFICIENCY OF MEDICAL CARE PROVIDED TO PATIENTS IN THE PROFILE "MEDICAL REHABILITATION" IN ASTRAKHAN REGION
Authors: D.O. Ermolaev , Yu.N. Ermolaeva , N.A. Mordovсev
Published: September 2021

The relevance of the study due to the need to pay more attention to the effective planning of health care volumes under the compulsory health insurance and the creation of an accessible system of medical rehabilitation for adults in the region. The purpose of the study is to analyze the availability and effectiveness of medical care provided to adults in the "medical rehabilitation" profile within the framework of compulsory medical insurance in the Astrakhan region. Materials and methods - on the basis of data from the Federal State Statistics Service, the territorial fund of compulsory medical insurance in the Astrakhan region, annual reporting statistical forms No. 30, 14, 14-DS, the calculation and analysis of indicators of the optimal volume of medical care for the profile of medical rehabilitation was carried out, taking into account the profile of the disease (the number of hospitalizations per one inhabitant per year, funding per unit of the volume of medical care) of adult patients aged 18 years and older. Results and discussion - the article presents the results of assessing the planned and actual indicators of the volume of medical care for medical rehabilitation for adults, taking into account the profile of diseases in the conditions of round-the-clock and day hospitals of medical organizations participating in the territorial program of state guarantees of free provision of medical care to citizens in the region in 2019. It was revealed that at the expense of the compulsory medical insurance fund, the largest proportion of treated patients in rehabilitation beds is noted among those who receive medical services for neuro- and cardiac rehabilitation. However, rehabilitation care for critically ill patients with scores on the rehabilitation routing scale of 5 and 6 points, with a high rehabilitation potential, as well as for other categories of patients with somatic diseases, remains inaccessible. Conclusion. The obtained research data can be used for further organizational and methodological work to increase the availability and efficiency of medical rehabilitation care for adults, the development of available routing schemes, selection procedures, digitalization of the management of patient flows sent to medical rehabilitation within the framework of compulsory medical insurance at the regional level.
OPTIMIZATION OF TREATMENT OF TUBAL-PERITONEAL INFERTILITY CAUSED BY CHRONIC SALPINGITIS
Authors: O.B. Kalinkina
Published: September 2021

The outpatient stage of therapy is the primary and very responsible link in the introduction of patients with chronic forms of VZOMT, since this pathology has a significant impact on such indicators as perinatal, maternal morbidity and mortality.
In addition, VZOMT directly affects the development of infertility, ectopic pregnancy, habitual miscarriage, as well as a decrease in the ovarian reserve after unsuccessful attempts of in vitro fertilization, surgical interventions on the appendages of the uterus.
To preserve the reproductive function in patients with VZOMT, an important stage is the implementation of a number of therapeutic and rehabilitation measures. The problems of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with VZOMT undoubtedly remain relevant, since cases of relapses and chronization of inflammatory processes significantly worsen the prognosis for a woman's reproductive function. These problems are both social and economic.
Taking into account the wide range of infectious agents of VZOMT, it is recommended to use a complex of antibacterial drugs that cover as many varieties of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic flora as possible. Moreover, an important aspect of the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the female reproductive system is the use of different forms of drugs and ways of their administration. It is rational to combine oral or parenteral with intravaginal. This combination makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of treatment and contributes to the prevention of relapse of the disease. The inclusion of prednisolone – 21 phosphate in the therapy complex also contributes to increasing the effectiveness of therapy, since it creates favorable conditions for the vital activity of normal microflora and unfavorable conditions for conditionally pathogenic microflora.
The results obtained in the study indicate a good clinical effectiveness of complex therapy with the inclusion of Elzhina in the treatment regimen for the treatment of fibrotic processes in the fallopian tubes. The use of a combined drug for intravaginal use containing ornidazole-500 mg, prednisolone-3 mg, econazole-150 mg, neomycin 65000ME (Elzhina drug) allows optimizing the management tactics of patients with tubal – peritoneal infertility caused by chronic salpingitis and increasing the fertility rates in this group of patients.
LEVISTICUM OFFICINALE (F. APIACEAE): HABITAT, BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (REVIEW)
Authors: E.D. Kubasova , G.V. Korelskaya , R.V. Kubasov
Published: September 2021

The Medicinal Lovage (Levisticum Officinale) grows almost everywhere. In order to use Levisticum Officinale in economic needs, including in medicine, a number of countries are specially engaged in its cultivation. The analysis of the scientific literature revealed a large number of publications confirming the diverse chemical spectrum of rhizomes, roots and herbs of the medicinal lovage. In this regard, it is used as a medicinal raw material and is included in a number of European Pharmacopoeias. For medical purposes, all parts of this plant that contain biologically active substances can be used. Levisticum officinale contains various phytochemical compounds and secondary metabolites – terpenoids, flavonoids, essential oils, phthalides, polyacetylenes, coumarins, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic acids, polyacetylenes. All of them have properties that can have a therapeutic effect on the organism. The composition of essential oils of Levisticum Officinale is the most studied. It is mainly represented by monoterpene hydrocarbons, sexwiterpenes and phthalides. There are some differences in the chemical composition of Levisticum Officinale. Most scientists agree that such a discrepancy may be related to the period and process of harvesting plant raw materials, age, genotype of the plant, climatic conditions and place of growth, as well as the method of extraction and the method of identification and quantitative determination of biologically active substances. Therefore, there is a problem of a single universal system of preparation and further use of raw materials. The development of modern methods for analyzing the raw materials of lovage and the study of its chemical composition creates prerequisites for expanding its use as a medicinal plant.
THE RISK OF DEVELOPING GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER IN WOMEN AFTER AN IN VITRO FERTILIZATION PROGRAM
Authors: D.Z. Allakhyarov , Yu.A. Petrov , N.V. Palieva
Published: September 2021

This article presents reviews of literature sources on the issue of assessing the risk of developing gynecological cancer in women after an in vitro fertilization program. Infertility and infertile marriages have now become quite a big problem of modern medicine. Against the background of the unfavorable demographic situation in the Russian Federation, this problem is becoming quite urgent. The main way to solve this situation is assisted reproductive technologies, among which the most common is in vitro fertilization. The in vitro fertilization program is accompanied by a hormonal ovulation stimulation procedure to obtain a female germ cell capable of fertilization. Against the background of the active use of the in vitro fertilization procedure, many patients had concerns related to the risk of developing gynecological cancer after the IVF procedure, which is due to the use of hormonal drugs to stimulate the ovaries. Also of concern is the fact that certain types of cancer, including ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer and breast cancer, are hormone-dependent. In this regard, multiple large-scale studies were conducted, which showed that the risk of developing gynecological cancer is really increased in patients after the in vitro fertilization program. In particular, breast cancer in women after the in vitro fertilization program is more common by 10%, and in women without a history of pregnancy and over the age of 40, it is more common by 31%. The increased risk may be due to age-related vulnerability to the effects of hormones or higher doses of hormones during the IVF procedure. Ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer are also more common in patients after IVF. According to the research results, it is suggested that it is not the IVF procedure itself that causes the development of cancer, but excessive hormonal load of the body, which leads to the launch of carcinogenesis.
ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL RESTRUCTURING OF MEDICAL CARE FOR PEDIATRIC MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY IN THE PENZA REGION IN 2021
Authors: M.V. Lebedev , I.Yu. Zakharova , K.I. Kerimova
Published: September 2021

The annual increase in patients and increased requirements for the quality of medical care lead to the reorganization of the work of various departments of medical hospitals. In order to improve the quality and accessibility of specialized medical care in the profile "maxillofacial surgery" in the territory of the Penza Region, in 2020, the structure of the Center for Maxillofacial Surgery of the Penza Regional Clinical Hospital named after N. N. Burdenko will be reorganized, which allows solving a number of existing problems. An important direction in the modernization of the Center was the structural and organizational restructuring.
The purpose of the study: to analyze the quality and effectiveness of providing care to children with pathology of the maxillofacial region by doctors of the Center for Maxillofacial Surgery of the Penza Regional Clinical Hospital named after N. N. Burdenko.
Materials and methods. A comprehensive assessment of the quality of care for children with maxillofacial pathology from 2018-2020 in the Penza region and in the period from November 2020 to July 2021 was carried out. Center of Maxillofacial Surgery of the N. N. Burdenko State Medical University.
Results and discussion. Having analyzed the existing shortcomings and problems, established connections, the growth of patients in need of treatment by a maxillofacial surgeon contributed to the opening of the Maxillofacial Surgery Center in the N. N. Burdenko State Medical University, which included 10 specialized children's beds; 2 ultra-short stay beds; an outpatient office; a rehabilitation room; material and technical equipment, tools, medicines for children; maxillofacial surgeon, pediatrician, pediatric dentist, general dentist, clinical nurses, speech therapist.
Conclusion. The opening of the Maxillofacial Surgery Center in the Penza region has shown high efficiency. The economic effect in obtaining specialized treatment due to the work of an outpatient office and a rehabilitation office based on a patient-oriented model is noted. In order to achieve maximum efficiency and fully meet the need for providing medical care to the children's population of the Penza region in the profile "maxillofacial surgery", it is necessary to open a department of pediatric maxillofacial surgery due to the projected workload of open beds.
ACUTE AND CHRONIC HEART FAILURE AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL MARKERS
Authors: N.G. Lozhkina , I. Mukaramov
Published: September 2021

Вackground. The last decade has seen an increase in the number of people who have had myocardial infarction (MI). This phenomenon contributes to an increase in the long-term incidence of chronic cardiovascular diseases, including chronic heart failure. Purpose of the study. To identify the most significant clinical and functional indicators characterizing acute and chronic heart failure after myocardial infarction. Patient Characterization and Research Methods. This analysis included 186 patients who had myocardial infarction from January 2019 to January 2020: 86 people, the main subgroup, with signs of CHF above FC 2 (NYHA) (mean age 64.3 g) and 100 people, the comparison subgroup, without signs of CHF or had CHF 1 FC (NYHA) (mean age 62.6 l). After 1 year, clinical outcomes were assessed: cardiovascular death, repeated hospitalizations due to decompensation of CHF, death from other causes, stroke, repeated myocardial infarction, unplanned coronary revascularization. Results. In the acute period of myocardial infarction in the main subgroup (MI + CHF more than 2cl NYHA), all patients had symptoms of acute heart failure (AHF) in the form of Killip II and Killip III. Predictors of the development of chronic heart failure were the presence of a history of ischemic heart disease, confirmed in accordance with the recommendations, before myocardial infarction; decreased fraction of the left ventricle, detected before discharge and on the 30th day of myocardial infarction; the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF). One-year unfavorable outcomes in the main group were significantly more frequent. Subanalysis of long-term drug therapy showed that cardiovascular death was significantly less common in the subgroup of patients taking ARNI than in the subgroup of enalapril. Conclusion. In the present study, we studied postinfarction myocardial remodeling, which is realized in the form of the formation of a syndrome of acute and chronic heart failure. It has been shown that immediate reperfusion and restriction of the necrosis zone, as well as long-term use of drugs that inhibit SAS and RAAS, stimulating NPP, can inhibit the development of AHF and death. The CHF problem requires further fundamental research in order to develop new approaches that can affect more subtle mechanisms, such as the expression of specific genes involved in the disease, in order to reduce the persisting excess mortality for this pathology.
THE INFLUENCE OF EXAMINATION STRESS ON VEGETATIVE INDICATORS IN 17-21-YEAR-OLD STUDENTS WITH A MELANCHOLIC TYPE OF HIGHER NERVOUS ACTIVITY
Authors: T.V. Rustamova
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the influence of an increased level of situational and personal anxiety of examination stress on the indices of the autonomic nervous system in 17-21-year-old male students (I and V courses) with a melancholic type of nervous system. In the course of the conducted studies, it was found that in 17- and 21-year-old students-melancholic during the examination process between heart rate and blood pressure there are some differences that do not normalize after the exam. Vegetative indicators in 21-year-old students in the periods before and after the exam are slightly increased, relative to indicators in 17-year-old students. The Kerdo vegetative index (VIC) in both age groups was in a state of sympathicotonia, which is an indicator of the superiority of the sympathetic nervous system throughout the entire examination process. The results obtained in the course of this study can be used to optimize learning activities, relieve stress in exams and protect students' health.
THE NEED FOR ENVIRONMENTAL KNOWLEDGE FOR FORMING THE DOCTOR'S COMPETENCIES IN THE MODERN WORLD
Authors: N.V. Lazareva
Published: September 2021

The article discusses the need for environmental knowledge for the formation of the competence of a doctor in higher education. Possible points of view on the nature of the educational process are shown and argued, which allow integrating the body of acquired knowledge into the field of medical practice. The features of design technologies are revealed and the advantages of its use in the training of medical specialists are given, from the point of view of the professional development of doctors. The article is devoted to the actualization and significance of environmental education, with the aim of forming environmental awareness and educating the population, for processing sustainable development of society. One of the important directions associated with solving environmental problems at the present stage is environmental education and upbringing of medical students and the formation of environmental culture. Environmental education both in the world and in Russia is considered today a priority area of training and education of students at all levels of education. We have substantiated the relevance and relationship of environmental education and upbringing, disclosed their essence, objectives, content, principles, forms and methods of work; the analysis of the state is given, the mechanism of elaboration of certain aspects of the problem is characterized, etc. Achieving sustainable development and environmental safety of territories, solving global environmental problems, is impossible without the foundation of the foundations of a culture of environmental management and environmental education of the population. The variant used in the training of specialists in the field of medicine has shown high efficiency in the formation of practice-oriented competencies of a medical graduate.
ORGANIZATION OF REMOTE ONLINE TRAINING IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION UNIVERSITIES OF YAKUTIA DURING THE PANDEMIC
Authors: V.P. Barakhsanov , A.I. Danilova , V.R. Abramova
Published: September 2021

The article presents the organization of remote online training for students of the Institute of Physical Culture and Sports of the North-Eastern Federal University (IFCiS NEFU) and the Churapchinsky State Institute of Physical Culture and Sports (CHIPCIS) by means and technologies of online distance learning for the period of the worldwide quarantine due to COVID-19 (April 2020-April 2021). These events affected all areas of higher education in conditions of self-isolation and quarantine measures in the use of distance learning at all levels of education. The experiment involved 220 students from the two above-mentioned physical education universities in Yakutia. The study was conducted using the survey method developed by one of the authors of the article, taking into account the specifics of the organization of online learning in the regional education system with statistical processing of the data of the research results. The authors substantiate the practical significance of the study in the context of the organization of online distance learning using software tools and a distance learning platform in the regional system of physical education. The materials of the article are of practical value for teachers and researchers on the problems of training teachers and teachers in the field of e-learning implementation, taking into account the scientific and methodological support of the educational process
USE OF THE PROJECT METHOD IN TRAINING SPECIALISTS IN THE SPHERE OF ECOLOGY
Authors: N.V. Lazareva
Published: September 2021

The article discusses in detail the design method as a key tool in the educational process of higher education. Possible points of view on the nature of the project method are shown and argued, which allow integrating the body of acquired knowledge into the sphere of professional practice. The features of design technologies are disclosed and the advantages of its use in the training of environmental specialists are given, from the point of view of professional development of this category of specialists. The article is devoted to the actualization and significance of environmental education, with the aim of forming environmental awareness and educating the population, for processing sustainable development of society. One of the important directions associated with solving environmental problems at the present stage is environmental education and upbringing of the younger generation, namely the project method. Environmental education both in the world and in Russia is considered today a priority area of training and education of students at all levels of education. We have substantiated the relevance and relationship of environmental education and upbringing, disclosed their essence, objectives, content, principles, forms and methods of work; the analysis of the state is given, the mechanism of elaboration of certain aspects of the problem is characterized, etc. Achieving sustainable development and environmental safety of territories, solving global environmental problems, is impossible without the foundation of the foundations of a culture of environmental management and environmental education of the population. The project-method used by us in the training of specialists in the field of ecology has shown high efficiency in the formation of practice-oriented competencies of the graduate.
FORMATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL READINESS OF FUTURE TEACHERS FOR ACTIVITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION
Authors: O.V. Danilova
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results of the implementation of the psychological and pedagogical model of the students’ psychological readiness formation for pedagogical activity in inclusive education. The relevance of this topic depends on the introduction of the inclusive education model into the educational system of the Russian Federation, which clearly indicated the issue of preparing future teachers for professional activity in the educational inclusion conditions at the stage of study in a university. Currently, there is a need to develop effective organizational forms, methods, and programs for the formation of professional and personal qualities in students which are necessary for teachers of inclusive education. The formation of the psychological readiness of future teachers to work in inclusive education should be of great importance as a factor in the successful implementation of an inclusive approach by teachers in their professional activities. The aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of the developed psychological and pedagogical model of psychological readiness formation of future teachers for activities in inclusive education. The research was conducted on the basis of the Mari State University. The author’s definition of a teacher’s psychological readiness for activities in inclusive education is formulated. The paper gives the description of its structure and components, in accordance with which the methods of empirical research and data processing are determined. The article presents the developed psychological and pedagogical model of the psychological readiness formation of future teachers for activities in inclusive education. Within the framework of this model, formation of students’ psychological readiness for pedagogical activity in inclusive education is implemented at the final year of study on the basis of the general readiness of students for pedagogical activity, formed in the previous stages of education. The study results indicate significant changes in the indicators of the formation of structural components and the structure of students’ psychological readiness. This confirms the effectiveness of the implementation of the psychological and pedagogical model of the students’ psychological readiness formation for pedagogical activity in inclusive education.
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL CORRECTION OF AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENCE
Authors: E.T. Kazdokhova , M.T. Nogerova , L.M. Taukenova
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of prevention and correction of aggressive behavior in adolescents. The increased aggressiveness of adolescent children is one of the most acute problems not only for teachers and psychologists, but also for society as a whole. The growing wave of juvenile delinquency and the increase in the number of children prone to aggressive forms of behavior shed light on the task of studying the psychological conditions that cause these dangerous phenomena. The study of aggressiveness in adolescence is especially important when this characteristic is in the stage of formation and when modern corrective measures can still be taken. The main vectors of development of the modern science of aggressive behavior are identified, the main causes of deviations are determined, and a comparative analysis of works on the prevention of aggressive behavior is carried out. For most children, some form of aggression is typical. However, it is well known that in a certain category of childhood, aggression as a permanent form of behavior not only persists, but also develops, making it a constant human quality. As a result, the adolescent's production potential decreases, his ability to communicate at a high-level decrease, and his personal development is distorted. It has been proved that the key factor in the prevention and correction of aggressive behavior should be, firstly, the family as the primary and most important institution for the formation of identity, and secondly, the pedagogically, psychological and so sociological controlled environment of educational institutions, which serves as a condition for the socialization and personal development of children and adolescents. Important questions remain open regarding the nature and origin of the aggression. The urgency of this problem determined the formulation of the topic of our research «Psychological and pedagogical correction of aggressive behavior in adolescence”.
LEGAL DIRECTION OF CAREER GUIDANCE WORK OF YOUTH AND CHILDREN'S PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: V.V. Zotov
Published: September 2021

Introduction: the article discusses the features of the activities of children's public organizations focused on attracting children and adolescents to participate in public life of a law enforcement orientation. The purpose of this work is to identify the features of the activities of children's public organizations focused on attracting children and adolescents to participate in public life and professional law enforcement activities. Methods: using the methods of analysis and synthesis, content analysis, the author investigated the issues of vocational guidance work of youth and children's public associations of the Yaroslavl region and their role in the formation of a conscious choice of the future professional activity of adolescents, as well as the prevention of juvenile delinquency and child neglect. Results: today, state bodies and public associations are implementing various measures to ensure a happy and safe childhood, being one of the main priorities of national importance in our country. The most comfortable for a teenager to start social activities is his participation in projects of children's public organizations. At this stage, communicative motivation becomes the main one: the desire to communicate with interesting active peers, to demonstrate their own talents and achievements, to acquire new knowledge, skills and abilities in a democratic form. Children's public organizations contribute to the formation of a socially active personality of a growing citizen and help the professional self-determination of young people. Conclusions: the author concluded that the career guidance work of children's public organizations aimed at attracting children and adolescents to participate in public life and professional law enforcement activities can reduce the number of minors brought to criminal responsibility and helps the social and professional self-determination of young people. In the modern world young people are the most socially active group and strategic resource of society.
MEDIATION OF ADAPTATION CONFLICTS IN THE PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION OF A MILITARY UNIVERSITY
Authors: O.A. Mosina , R.G. Redun
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results of a theoretical and experimental study of the problem of adaptive conflict of cadets of the first year of training in a military university and the pedagogical method of its solution. The issues of conflict regulation, including adaptation, are quite actively discussed in the psychological discourse in the military team, and they have not yet received sufficient coverage in the pedagogical one. At the same time, the complication of the structure of relations between medical personnel by military personnel actualizes the need to enrich and expand pedagogical knowledge in the military environment. The authors of the article focus on the mediation method, which allows you to build a trajectory of trust in the interaction between both students and trainees, as well as within these groups. Mediation as a pedagogical method is attractive because it provides an opportunity for a meaningful understanding of the concept of mediation in the process of resolving conflicts in the educational environment, and also allows you to build a trajectory of trust in the interaction between students and trainees, as well as between these groups. In a military university, mediation will allow preserving, on the one hand, the traditionalism of the educational and educational environment, and on the other, it will direct its vector to humanization.
Special attention is paid to the definition of the conceptual foundations of mediation, as well as the methods by which the method of pedagogical mediation is implemented.
According to the authors, the pedagogical method of mediation should solve not only the issue of reducing the terms of adaptation and professional development of future officers, but also resolve the contradiction that has developed in the system of modern military education between the desire to preserve the traditionalism of the educational and educational environment, and the demand of the modern educational space for humanization.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL OF ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN THE SYSTEM OF PROJECT TRAINING
Authors: E.N. Tarasova
Published: September 2021

The development of the intellectual potential of an individual, as a complex characteristic of his intellectual, professional and creative capabilities, is emphasized in the youth policy state strategies of Russia and becomes the leading goal of the state program "Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation". This makes it necessary to develop and implement innovative forms of training, productive educational models for training engineering personnel focused on solving innovative problems in the context of design and research activities, creating high-tech startups that form soft-skills and hard-skills competencies. In the context of our research, the directions of the development of the intellectual potential of engineering university students are determined: the application of the concept of the STEM approach in the context of the implementation of additional educational programs, which allows modeling students scientific, design and research activities based on the integration of consistency principles, variability, problem ranges, creativity, co-creation; implementation of team innovative technological projects involving the integration of research, scientific, practical-applied, creative, analytical and constructive skills of students; creation of a special information environment that allows to identify talented students focused on high-quality results, testing real scientific results at various venues, competitions, seminars, creating unique technological startups and thereby creating the basis for further successful professionalization of students.
TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS IN THE CONDITIONS OF INTEGRATION OF HIGHER PEDAGOGICAL, GENERAL AND ADDITIONAL EDUCATION SYSTEMS
Authors: N.Yu. Gan , L.I. Ponomareva
Published: September 2021

The relevance of this research is determined by the state order for the training of specialists who are able to organize the educational process taking into account the needs and interests of students who show creative and creative thinking in solving professional problems. Education, especially higher education, is considered as the main, leading factor of social and economic progress. The reason for such attention is the understanding that the most important value and the main capital of modern society is a person who is capable of searching for and mastering new knowledge and making non-standard decisions.
The modern development of society requires a new system of education – «innovative training», which would form the ability of students to determine the future projectively, responsibility for it, faith in themselves and their professional abilities to influence this future.
The main legislative documents «The Strategy of innovative development of the Russian Federation until 2024», «The Concept of development of additional education», «The Law on Education in the Russian Federation», as well as local acts of the subjects of the federation in the field of higher, general and additional education raise the problem of integration of these education systems into the category of important state problems and at the same time determine its relevance.
The system of additional education with the active involvement of the future teacher in the implementation of work with children allows you to develop readiness for professional activity, both at school and in additional education. Providing professional training on the basis of the university equips the student with scientific knowledge and modern methods. This article attempts to theoretically substantiate the problem of integration of educational systems and present the conditions for its practical implementation.
TO THE QUESTION OF THE PROCESS OF FORMING THE WRITTEN COMPETENCE OF A JUNIOR SCHOOL STUDENT
Authors: A.V. Martynova , A.M. Salavatova , R.A. Boyko
Published: September 2021

The article presents theoretical generalizations of the process of forming the written competence of a junior schoolchild by means of calligraphic skills. The relevance of the issue raised in the article is associated with identifying the problems of deteriorating handwriting of a primary school student and the task facing an elementary school teacher, increasing the percentage of children who have a calligraphically accurate writing skill. The primary rules for mastering a calligraphic skill are the rules of landing, the position of the notebook, and then the rules related to the writing process, such as the tilt and position of letters on a line. The formation of written competence through the calligraphic skill of a junior schoolchild is the most important task of an elementary school teacher. This article is devoted to the issue of studying the written competence of younger students through the selection of diagnostics to determine the level of formation of calligraphic skills in younger students. When identifying the level of formation of calligraphic skills among first graders, the article describes the criteria and indicators of assessment: graphic literacy; calligraphic clarity and stability; connectivity; writing speed. On the basis of the selected criteria and indicators of the formation of calligraphic skills among first graders, the characteristics of the levels are also presented: high, medium and low. In accordance with the criteria and indicators of the formation of calligraphic skills, diagnostic tasks were selected for the first graders.
Exclusive Breastfeeding Practice and Its Association with Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy among Mothers Giving Birth during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia: A Brief Report
Authors: Angelina Angelina , Lesmanadjaja Alicya , Agung Fransisca Handy , Octavius Gilbert Sterling
Published: September 2021

Background: Breast milk is the best nutri­tion for most infants, and current recommen­dations encourage mothers to keep giving breast milk during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to examine Exclusive Breastfeeding Practice and its association with  breastfeeding self-efficacy in lactating women during COVID-19 pandemic.
Subjects and Method: This is an analytic cross-sectional study involving mothers givi­ng birth since March 2020 and their infants aged under 6 months. An online-based ques­tion­naire, including the Breast­feeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF), was distributed through social media from April to September 2020. The dependent variable was exclusive breast­feeding rate, and the independent vari­ables were BSES-SF score, mother working status, educational level, place of birth, birth method, and COVID-19 status.
Results: There were 113 respondents, and the rate of exclusive breastfeeding was 79.6%. Self-efficacy score in mothers who give exslusive breastfeeding (Mean= 58.4; SD= 0.8) was higher than non exclusive breast­feed­ing (Mean= 44.8; SD= 13.4) and it was statisfically significant (p <0.001).
Conclusion: This study showed that during the COVID-19 pandemic exclusive breast­feedi­ng rate might remain high in popular­tions with good breastfeeding self-efficacy.
O Recolhimento de Nossa Senhora da Glória e as Perspectivas de Propriedade em fins do Século XVIII
Authors: Guapindaia Mayra
Published: September 2021

O artigo trata das possíveis formas de sustento de uma instituição educativa, o Recolhimento de Nossa Senhora da Glória, na vila do Recife. Nesse sentido, analisa-se a aprovação de um legado de terras deixado às recolhidas por dois eclesiásticos, que serviu para o sustento do Recolhimento após a morte dos doadores. A compreensão da ligação entre o legado e a função educativa da instituição é feita a partir de uma aproximação frutífera com teorias advindas da historiografia sobre propriedade no período moderno.