bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERBEDAAN KENABIAN DENGAN KERAJAAN DALAM Al-QUR’AN
Authors: Muhammad Muhammad Thaib
Published: January 2021

Alquran merupakan kalammullah Swt  yang diturunkan kepada nabi Muhammad Saw untuk disampaikan kepada umatnya, yang di dalamnya mengandung semua aspek kehidupan manusia, termasuk di dalamnya tentang kenabian dan kerajaan. Dalam tulisan ini penulis menulis tentang “Perbedaan Kenabian Dengan Kerajaan dalam Al Qur’an”. Al Qur’an menjelaskan perbedaan yang sangat jauh antara nabi dan raja. Nabi merupakan manusia pilihan Allah Swt, Yang diperintahkan untuk menjalankan dakwahnya di permukaan bumi inimdan menjadi suri teladan yang baik di tengah-tengah masyarakat dengan mendapatkan pertolongan dari Allah Swt. Sedangkan raja adalah dipilih dan diangkat oleh suatu komunitas masyarakat dengan menjalankan kerajaannya menurut kehendak rajanya atau aturan yang dibuat oleh raja dan pembantupembantunya. Nabi ada juga dijadikan sebagai raja, tapi kalangan raja tidak ada yang dipilih oleh Allah Swt sebagai nabi. Nabi dalam menjalankan dakwahnya diilhami dengan 4 sifat: yaitu, shiddiq, amanah, tabligh dan fathanah. Para nabi semuanya laki-laki, sedangkan para raja  dari laki-laki dan perempuan dan bersifat hirarki heraditi (bersifat keturunan). Nabi, dalam menjalankan dakwahnya mendapat tantangan berat dari umatnya. Sedangkan  raja ada yang menekan rakyatnya.
KEMATIAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF PSIKOLOGI QUR’ANI
Authors: Miskahuddin Miskahuddin
Published: January 2021

Kematian adalah keniscayaan yang tidak terelakkan, bisa dirasakan oleh manusia kapan saja di sepanjang kehidupannya. Kematian merupakan sesuayang penuh misteri sehingga banyak tinjauannya apabila dilihat dari pendekatailmiah, salah satu kajiannya adalah melalui tinjauan psikologi qur’ani. Sebagsuatu ilmu pengetahuan empiris psikologi terikat pada pengalaman duniawi, justjika dikaitkan dengan ilmu agama berdasarkan Al-Qur’an dan Al-Hadits maka ilmu pengetahuan itu menjadi bermakna atau bermanfaat bagi kehidupan di dunia dan di akhirat kelak. Dalam pendekatan psikologi qur’ani, kematian dipandang sebagai peristiwa yang ghaib dialami oleh setiap insan yang hidup pasmengalami kematian ataupun wajib merasakan peristiwa kematian. Psikologqur’ani dapat mempelajari bagaimana sikap dan pandangan manusia terhadamasalah kematian, bagaimana psikis manusia disaat-saat menjelang peristiwkematian (sakratul maut). Kepercayaan manusia terhadap kematian merupakasalah satu motivasi manusia beragama. Boleh dikatakan bahwa adanya kematiaatau mengingat mati merupakan dasar manusia untuk beragama.
AL-TA`RIF WA AL-TANKIR DALAM AL-QURAN (Analisis Terhadap Pemikiran Imam al-Suyuti)
Authors: Suhaimi Suhaimi
Published: January 2021

Uslub or Al-Quran language style is quite varied and all of course contain very poor intention to be understood by all Muslims. However, due to various limitations, so that not all Muslims can know these purposes but by the ulama especially those who are proficient in the fields of Al-Quran sciences including Arabic language. Imam Suyuti is known as one of the scholars who are competent in this matter. He is not only known as an expert on the Qur'an, but also known as a linguist and other sciences. Related to his thoughts on the science of the Koran, in this paper revealed only about one theme that is about ta`rif and tankir or in other terms that are more popular are makrifah and nakirah. Many lafaz in the form of makrifah (definite) and nakirah (indefinite) in the Koran and are often read by us as people who believe in the truth of the holy book, but sometimes we do not think why the lafaz is expressed in this form. Therefore, in this paper an attempt is made to uncover a part of it by raising the thoughts of Imam Suyuti who may increase our insight into the secrets behind the style of the Koran language. In summary, the thought of Imam Suyuti regarding these two terms shows that the use of lafaz in the form of makrifah and nakirah in the Koran has its own purpose or purpose which cannot be exchanged with one another, even though lafaz in general contains the same meaning.
POTRET UKHUWAH ISLAMIYAH DALAM AL-QUR’AN: UPAYA MERAJUTNYA DALAM KEHIDUPAN UMAT ISLAM
Authors: Syeikh Abdul Karim
Published: January 2021

This writing aims to reveal how the portrait of Ukhuwah Islamiyah in the Qur'an? The next question is, what is the source of the fracture of Ukhuwah Islamiyah according to the Qur'an? Then, how to knit Ukhuwah Islamiyah which has been cracked so far? To get answers to the questions above, researchers used a type of library research (library research) and classified as qualitative research. The research method used is the maudhu'iy (thematic) method which is presented descriptively-qualitatively. After conducting the research, it was obtained that the equality of faith and religion became the main portrait of the bonding of Ukhuwah Islamiyah among Muslims. The Qur'an as a guide to the lives of Muslims which contains the teachings and provisions of the laws of Allah becomes the bonding heart of every Muslim and Muslim to obey Allah who has set up fellow believers so that they are kept from slipping into lust and protected from temptation shaytan. According to the Qur'an, the source of the fracture of the Ukhuwah Islamiyah was due to the shallowness of the mastery of Islamic religious knowledge so that they were dragged into an understanding of Islam in a narrow and partial way. Another source of cracking in Ukhuwah Islamiyah is due to the development of envy and jealousy among groups of Islamic society. Attitude to prioritize emotions and deny the use of common sense in resolving differences of opinion in worship practices carried out by Muslim communities also triggers the destruction of Ukhuwah Islamiyah. The next source of fracture is due to the uncontrolled development of power, position, material, wealth and popularity among some Muslims. The cracks of Ukhuwah Islamiyah can be knitted back by restoring the commitment of every Muslim and Muslim person to uphold the Qur'an and the sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, by developing enthusiasm and mutual cooperation and supporting each other on the provisions of religious teachings that are ushuliyah (the main points the teachings of Islam) and mutual attitude tasamuh (tolerance) to the teachings of Islam that is furu'iyah which is permitted by Shari'at disagree. The use of the principle of tarjih in the process of thinking and the use of the principle of maintaining silaturrahim relations in charity and trying to discard the attitude of suuzhzhan (prejudiced) to other parties with different opinions from groups or groups and develop the attitude of husnuzhzhan (good prejudice) to fellow Muslims even though they are different from the group.
TAKABBUR DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QURAN DAN HADITS
Authors: Suhemi Emi
Published: January 2021

This study aims to determine the perception of the Koran about takabbur this research uses descriptive method and uses the maudhu'iy interpretation approach or thematic interpretation which is collecting a number of verses that discuss the concept of takabbur while the selected interpretation book is the interpretation of al-Misbah which represents the work of modern interpretation and Ibn Kathir representing classical interpretations. Knowledge about takabbur is very urgent or important to be known by every Muslim person because in the statement of the Qur'an and al-Hadith it is stated that does not enter heaven when someone dies in his heart is stored in the character of takabbur. The results of the study found that the origin of the nature of this obscurity was initiated by Shaytan who then transformed into human behavior and also found forms of behavior categorized as takabbur behavior such as; walking proudly, talking like a donkey, looking away, looking down on others.
KISAH SHALEH A.S DAN TSAMUD DALAM AI-QUR’AN
Authors: Muhammad Muhammad Thaib
Published: January 2021

Shaleh a.s was a prophet and apostle sent by Allah Swt to the Tsamuds to preach and invite them to worship Allah and leave the worship of idols. Shaleh a.s are from the original Arab nation. He was Shaleh bin Ubaid ibn Aasif whose last lineage reached Sam bin Noah. Whereas the Tsamud according to Ibn Katsir they were a people descended from one of his grandfathers named Tsamud bin Amir. The Tsamud people lived in peace and enjoyed the blessings that Allah provided to them with gardens and springs and a variety of plants and many palm trees. And they chiseled mountains for them to become their castles or dwellings. They make idols as worship besides Allah Almighty. Therefore Allah sent the prophet Shaleh a.s as their apostle. But they don't want to believe him. They even gave Shaleh a miracle. When God brought a female camel, she always gave her milk to drink. However, they tried to kill him as a way of rejecting the preaching and calling on Shaleh a.s to worship Allah. After they had killed the camels, God sent down a terrible disaster, which caused a great storm and rain, so that they all died with bodies lying in their houses.
Islam dan Masyarakat Ideal (Ummatan Wasathan) dalam Perspektif Para Mufassir dan Relevansinya dengan Kontak Keindonesiaan Masa Kini dan Depan
Authors: Aziz Nasaiy
Published: January 2021

Islam as the source and path of truth that comes from Allah is a view of life which is not only intended for the welfare and happiness of Muslims, but is a blessing for all nature. Islam which is derived from divine truth, both contained in the verses of the Koran and the sunnah of the Prophet, is a guide for the way of all times. Likewise, Islam regulates the relationship between humans and others, with God and with their natural environment. The key to the personality of the Islamic community is akidah, syari'at and morals. If the creed provides the direction of the movement of society, while the syari'at provides limits on how and the method to take that direction properly, then morals will decorate the path of the goal so that it is beautiful and pleasant. The ideal society or in this study is referred to as the "Wasathan ummatan" is a social order that is needed by the era to give birth to a society with noble character in order to continue a civilized life. In the Indonesian context, ummatan wasathan should be born as a solution to various problems of the ummah which are now spreading and becoming epidemics in the survival of religion and state. Sayyid Qutb's Method of Interpretation and several other interpreters compared with his interpretation of Quraish Shihab becomes an analysis which then gives birth to the true meaning of how the ideal society should be in the perspective of the Koran to be applied in all the dynamics of Indonesian society today and beyond.
Perkembangan dan Kesahihan Hadis Dari Awal Islam Hingga Zaman Post Truth
Authors: Muhammad Alfatih Suryadilaga Teuku Amnar Saputra
Published: January 2021

The Post Truth era has made truth relative from a personal point of view not based on scientific facts. Freedom of information access makes the quality not proportional to the existing quantity. This relative truth has implications for the development of hadith which has been consumed by Muslim World in general. From the historical point of view, the modification of the hadith is inseparable from the interests of three Islamic thought orientations, namely Syiah, Ahlusunnah Wal Jamaah and Khawarij. The purpose of this study is to map the history of the development of the hadith from the time of the Prophet Muhammad and how the truth of the traditions used by the community from the time of the Prophet Muhammad to the Post Truth era. The results of this study indicate that the distribution of hadith originated in the early days of Islam, but not in official writing. Then came the official codification period in the caliph Umar bin Abdul Aziz II century Hijri. In the next period the hadith is recorded in the form of books and in the global era the hadith has been in the form of a website to the implications that can be used through smartphones. But in terms of the truth of the hadith in the Post Truth Era is still influenced by the interests of related parties so that the truth must be reviewed. Seeing the many uses of hadith in accordance with the wishes of the stakeholders. The interests are in the form of political interests and the interests of content providers with commercial purposes in various forms such as applications, dissemination on social media.
Al-Quran, Thibaq, Muqabalah
Authors: Suhaimi Suhaimi
Published: January 2021

The Koran was revealed in Arabic. This has been emphasized by Allah Ta`ala himself by mentioning the arabiyyan quranan. From that, the Arabic language used by Allah in Al-Quan must be understood and believed to have its own specialties over other languages in the world. In studies related to various branches of Arabic, there are various terms, including thibaq and muqabalah. These two terms are known in the study of the Balaghah wa bil branch of science specifically badi` science. Although these two terms are both related to the beauty of meaning or tahsin of meaning, thibaq and muqabalah also have differences, thibaq is more about the gathering of two opposing things, whereas muqabalah can be in the form of collecting more than two opposing meanings and it can also be other than that. . Because the Al-Quran is in Arabic, of course it is not silent from the two things that are part of the meaning of the tahsin, especially since the Koran is the holy Kalam whose beauty exceeds the beauty of the language used by Arabic linguists throughout the ages. The meaning of tahsin in the form of thibaq and muqabalah in the Koran is quite widely scattered in various letters and verses. This is certainly not a coincidence, but a clear proof that the Koran has the advantage of a language style which is quite beautiful and interesting.
Zakat Atau Shadaqah dan Kaitannya Dengan Pemimpin (Kajian Ayat 103 Surat At-Taubah)
Authors: Rasyad Rasyad
Published: January 2021

In understanding Surah al-Taubah, verse 103, especially the word shadaqah and the word khudz, the commentators are divided into two groups. First, the mufassir argues that shadagah is ordinary alms, while the second group argues that the shadagah in the verse is obligatory shadagah (zakat), because in that verse there is the word which aims to purify oneself. However, after the verse is studied with the approach of 'ulum al-Quran especially (asbab alnuzul and munasabah verse), the word shadagah is closer to the meaning of ordinary alms, not in the sense of zakat, and the al-Taubah verse 103 verse does not order the Prophet to take zakat from muzakki, but muzakkilah or people who want to give alms should give themselves (voluntarily) zakat or sadakah. Thus, based on studies from the point of view of 'ulum al-Quran, a leader is not obliged to take zakat from the people he leads.
Korelasi Salat Dengan Fahsha' dan Mungkar Dalam Perspektif Al-Qur'an (Studi QS Al-Ankabut 45)
Authors: Nurfadliyati Nurfadliyati
Published: January 2021

This article aims to explore causality Qs.Al-Ankabut: 45 "Prayer prohibits immorality (fahsha') and wrongdoing (munkar)", There is a cause and effect if prayer is performed, it will prevent the prayer from immorality and wrongdoing. However, Quraish Shihab said that this verse was the subject of discussion and questions of the ulama, especially after seeing many who prayed but the prayer he did not need from immorality and wrongdoing. This is what encourages the author to study this verse, how the meaning of  Islamic prayer in the Qur'an, and what is the meaning immorality (Fahsha') and wrongdoing (munkar) in the Qur'an and how to correlation salat with immorality and wrongdoing. The method is library research, which is research conducted to collect and analyze data sourced from libraries, in the form of books, scientific magazines and various library sources which are used as research references. With data collection and documentation techniques, as for the proposed are various literacy works relating to the subject matter in this study. The results of the authors find that prayers that prevent acts of immorality and wrongdoing are prayers that are done sincerely, done according to the conditions, in harmony, and done with great solemnity, a submissive heart,keeping the prayers and being done continuously and doing sunnah prayers recommended. If the prayer is done in such a way, then the prayer can deter and prevent those who do it from immorality and wrongdoing.
Tradisi Hafalan Al-Qur’an Di Yogyakarta Perspektif Sosiologi Pengetahuan (Kajian Living Qur’an)
Authors: Fuji Nur Iman Taufikkurrahman
Published: January 2021

The process of safeguarding the Koran at the time of the Prophet Muhammad with memorization was formed from a strong oral tradition among the Arab community at that time, apart from that some studies also found that the written tradition at that time was not too developed, because few friends were involved in the process of writing al -The Qur'an from the time of the Prophet Muhammad to the time of the four Khulafaur Rashidun can be used as an indication that not many friends are able to write well. Recent research after the discovery of the manuscript of the Koran in the Great Mosque of San'a which turned out to be a lot of palimsests also contributed to the argument that the late writing tradition developed at that time. Based on this horizon, preassure for memorization becomes natural for Muslims at this time. In this article, we will discuss al-Qur'an memorization at Pon-Pes al-munawair Huffadz I, which was applied in the past and is transmitted for the present era.
O sertão como representação dos personagens em ‘Buriti”, de Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Rech Alessandra Paula
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo tem o objetivo de demonstrar a importância da natureza em ‘Buriti”, novela integrante de Corpo de Baile (1965), de Guimarães Rosa. Na descrição da paisagem, sobressaem-se imagens representativas de características dos personagens. Cruzando a análise literária com o diálogo crítico, conclui-se que o sertão rosiano, em seu rico imaginário, circunscreve um erotismo que se contrapõe à rigidez urbana.
A preferência pela negação: um estudo sobre a recusa de existência na “Clepsidra’, de Camilo Pessanha
Authors: Santos Ezequias Silva
Published: January 2021

O objetivo desse artigo é analisar os poemas ‘Inscrição” e ‘Poema final”, de Camilo Pessanha, sob o prisma da negação, estando essa análise ancorada nas perspectivas filosóficas de Martin Heidegger em Ser e tempo (2015) e Arthur Schopenhauer em O mundo como vontade e representação (2015).
GOSTO, LOGO ACREDITO: O FUNCIONAMENTO COGNITIVO-ARGUMENTATIVO DAS FAKE NEWS
Authors: Seixas Rodrigo
Published: January 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é o de empreender, em tempos de forte radicalização política e conflito, um estudo de caso em que se observa a ocorrência de dissonância cognitiva (Festinger, 1962) própria ao fenômeno das fake news. Para tanto, algumas estratégias cognitivas, tal como a de (re)enquadramento cognitivo (Breton, 1999), será analisada a fim de verificar a construção discursiva das notícias falsas.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO E FUNCIONAMENTO DA REFUTAÇÃO EM DEBATE ELEITORAL
Authors: Cunha Gustavo Ximenes
Published: January 2021

No trabalho, realizado com base em proposições teóricas e metodológicas da Escola de Genebra, procuramos focalizar a maneira como a refutação é utilizada por Dilma Rousseff (PT) e Aécio Neves (PSDB), em excerto do último debate eleitoral da campanha presidencial de 2014. Com a análise, verificamos que a estratégia adotada pelos adversários de trocarem refutações implica a realização de um processo de negociação altamente complexo e agressivo para as faces em jogo.
O testemunho de uma experiência humana: uma análise enunciativa
Authors: Battisti Márcio , Stumpf Toldo Oudeste Claudia
Published: January 2021

Neste estudo, tomamos como instrumento de análise a teoria da enunciação apresentada na obra de Émile Benveniste (2006) e o pensamento filosófico de Giorgio Agamben (2008), no que diz respeito à noção de testemunha para descrevermos a relação entre linguagem, homem e língua no processo de construção de um testemunho sobre um caso de agressão a uma professora catarinense, ocorrido em 2017.  Palavras-chave: Enunciação; testemunha; discurso político.
Espelhamentos, recordações e percalços sobre a feitura de espelhos - uma teatralização dos contos "O espelho", de Machado de Assis e Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Piacentini Ney Luiz
Published: January 2021

Este artigo narra a trajetória da confecção do projeto lítero-teatral Espelhos, realizado sobre os contos ‘O espelho”, de Machado de Assis, e ‘O espelho”, de Guimarães Rosa. Trata-se de um resgate elaborado a partir das anotações feitas durante as fases que se constituíram em um percurso - condutor do processo gerador de uma encenação leal às fontes literárias. Pessoal e objetivo, sentimental e reflexivo, Espelhamentos é a memória de um ator que foi modificado pelos materiais que escolheu.
Fantasmas de um vivo futuro: memória e história em depois dos últimos dias, de Christoph Marthaler
Authors: Sartori Kon Artur
Published: January 2021

Analisando o espetáculo teatral Depois dos últimos dias, criado pelo encenador suíço Christoph Marthaler para a Trienal de Ruhr em 2019, almejamos apresentar uma possível abordagem do tempo cênico para além do presente dramático, da história como narrativa épica ou da memória individual: um tempo assombrado por fantasmas vindos do passado, mas também, talvez surpreendentemente, do presente e do futuro.
O Palácio de Cristal: Dostoiévski, cientificismo e a linguagem digital
Authors: Lamha Leonardo Petersen
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho propõe que a imagem do Palácio de Cristal, articulada por Fiódor Dostoiévski em Memórias do subsolo, pode ser pertinente para representar o mundo digital contemporâneo. Para isso, o artigo investiga o ideal cientificista do século XIX como origem do desenvolvimento da tecnologia digital, com o objetivo de mostrar os primeiros passos de tal linguagem em diálogo com a literatura.
Poesia proletária ou berreta: trabalho e dinheiro em algumas poetas argentinas contemporâneas
Authors: Correa Joaquín
Published: January 2021

Pertencentes a chamada geração dos anos de 1990, os restos da crise argentina que estourou em 2001 podem ser achados nos fundamentos das poéticas de Fernanda Laguna, Cecilia Pavón e Marina Yuszczuk, ora seja a partir do trabalho em Belleza y Felicidad, ora seja a partir das condições precárias de vida. O presente artigo pretende analisar um corpus poético a partir do vínculo nos poemas com o trabalho e o dinheiro para indagar essas consequências.
Crise e prosa em Sob o olhar de Neptuno, de Manuel de Freitas
Authors: Pimenta Tamy de Macedo
Published: January 2021

O artigo pretende discutir como as categorias de crise, prosa e circunstância são trabalhadas pelo poeta português contemporâneo Manuel de Freitas em seu livro Sob o Olhar de Neptuno, publicado em 2018 pelas Edições 50Kg. Destarte, buscaremos trazer reflexões teórico-críticas sobre as questões abordadas, mas nos atendo, sobretudo, em como estas são desenvolvidas nos quatro poemas que compõem o livro.
A STORY OF HER OWN: MEMORY AND NARRATIVE IN SHORT FICTION BY MARGARET LAURENCE, ALICE MUNRO AND MARGARET ATWOOD
Authors: De Pinho Santoro Lopes Carolina
Published: January 2021

The objective of this paper is to analyze the interplay of narrative, memory, and identity in short stories by Canadian authors Margaret Laurence, Alice Munro and Margaret Atwood. The three works explored in the article are narratives told from the perspective of characters who delve into their own past to make sense of their present, thereby revealing the strong bond between the act of remembering and the construction of one’s self.
Uma canção sobre manter-se vivo
Authors: Bueno Danilo Rodrigues
Published: January 2021

Resenha do livro "Tudo pronto para o fim do mundo" (2019), de Bruno Brum.
A poética do diálogo na escrita de viagem em Janelas Verdes, de Murilo Mendes
Authors: Do Nascimento Aline Leão
Published: January 2021

RESUMO:A escrita de viagem tem esse caráter de algo que se dá em trânsito, o seu assunto, que é o deslocamento, também a define como linguagem também que se desloca para um outro. Partindo da ideia de que a enunciação poética é endereçada, isto é, se constrói com base nesse diálogo com o outro – singular e anônimo – atuando numa dimensão intermediária entre pessoal e coletivo, este artigo propõe um percurso de leitura de Janelas Verdes (1970), de Murilo Mendes como enunciação poética da viagem. Consideramos como ponto de partida o desejo de contar sobre o périplo prenunciado na escrita epistolar e, em que medida, esse diálogo com o outro se mantém, reconfigurado, ao longo da obra, definindo a poética do diálogo na escrita de viagem em Janelas Verdes.
"Temos a cara/ que nos deixam ter": Sobre alguns usos ultramarinos de Adília
Authors: Ximenes Vinícius Rodrigues
Published: January 2021

O artigo busca pensar alguns aspectos da recepção de Adília Lopes na América Latina em diálogo com interesses teóricos expostos em sua publicação recente (2013-18), considerando para isso a aparição de seu nome - a personagem adília - em livros de poetas brasileiras do mesmo período. Perguntamo-nos, por exemplo, o que Adília propõe enquanto teoria da leitura, em diálogo com Roland Barthes ou Julia Kristeva? E o que se lê em Adília, ultramar? Um tom, uma dicção, talvez um uso cosmológico da palavra? Tentamos seguir os caminhos abertos por Marília Garcia para refletir brevemente sobre estas questões, tendo em vista certa cena de leituras em que sua poesia foi agenciada neste lado do Atlântico, no âmbito da revista Inimigo Rumore da editora 7 Letras. Atentando a algumas intersecções teórico-críticas em que foi incluída por leitoras universitárias, acompanhamos uma cena implicada na disseminação de debates ao redor da poesia contemporânea em território francês, que mobilizam modos de usar próximos aos de Adília.
As áreas na esfera celeste em Calendrier (1963), de Pierre Garnier
Authors: Bertges Lívia Ribeiro , Pereira Vinícius Carvalho
Published: January 2021

Este artigo propõe uma leitura da obra Calendrier (1963), do escritor francês Pierre Garnier, a partir da metáfora das áreas na esfera celeste da página. Os poemas visuais de Pierre Garnier demonstram a tradição da poesia visual experimental nos anos sessenta, na França. Em sua obra, a instância da palavra é caracterizada como uma área reverberada em intensidade visual e sonora. Buscamos, assim, demonstrar como as constelações são criadas como rotas de leituras nos poemas referentes aos meses ‘Janvier”, ‘Février”, ‘Mars” e ‘Avril” em Calendrier (1963). Como base teórica, perpassamos os manifestos e produções teórico-críticas de Pierre Garnier, bem como algumas questões postuladas pelo pós-estruturalista francês Blanchot (2005), para além do trabalho com a noção de leitura enquanto partilha do sensível, em Rancière (2010). Desse modo, observamos como a poesia visual de Pierre Garnier trabalha as dinâmicas de movimento espacial que compõem deslocamentos visuais na página, objetivo máximo da prática espacialista.
EXTERNAL ACTORS, GOOD GOVERNANCE AND HEALTH CARE DELIVERY IN AFRICA
Authors: Anaemene Benjamin Uchenna
Published: January 2021

The structural adjustment programme imposed by the World Bank and IMF in the face of the serious economic crisis that confronted African states in the 1980s resulted in severe cuts in state spending on social services including health. State failure in the provision of social services led to the externalisation of responsibility for health and the proliferation of actors working in the field of health across the continent. Despite the positive and negative consequences of this development on Africa, the debate about the role of external actors in health care delivery in Africa has dwelt extensively on the degree they should participate neglecting the emphasis on how they participate, under what conditions and with what consequences. Using qualitative data techniques, this article examines the involvement of external actors in health care delivery in Africa illustrating the nature, pattern, dimensions, and dynamics of such engagements in the context of popular concerns with good governance. It found that governance challenges constitute a serious obstacle to better health outcome in Africa. It posits that African states can only maximise their gains from external assistance for health if they take leadership in coordinating health activities in their countries within the context of a comprehensive national health plan.
A ARMADILHA DA POBREZA: UMA ANALISE DA CONTRIBUIÇÃO DAS INSTITUIÇÕES MULTILATERAIS E REGIONAIS PARA O FRACO DESEMPENHO ECONÔMICO E SOCIAL DOS PAÍSES DO OESTE AFRICANO
Authors: Campos Taiane Las Casas , Leite Alexandre Cesar Cunha
Published: January 2021

This paper analyzes the conditions for seven countries located on the West African coast to practically set growth and economic development policies in order to overcome what we call the poverty trap. These countries could seek at the regional and multilateral levels the resources needed to overcome their backwardness. However, we identified that the main policy proposed by these institutions for these countries, which was trade liberalization, not only maintained the condition of being exporters of natural and agricultural resources and were unable to generate sufficient employment and income to overcome their poverty.
Auditors' civil liability towards clients under the Jordanian law: Legal and auditing perspectives
Authors: Haloush Haitham A. , Alshurafat Hashem , Alhusban Ahmad Abed Alla
Published: January 2021

Since the emergence of the profession, auditors’ liability is recognized as a controversial and loose debating matter (Flores, 2011). This everlasting issue not only differs among contexts but also differ among the lawsuits. Consequently, as an essential step, this research endeavors to provide a full understanding of the extent and nature of auditors’ legal liability according to the Jordanian relevant regulations. To do so, the authors gain a full capture of the regulation through a qualitative-analytical study. Consequently, the authors found that in Jordan auditors are subject to different standards of proof before the judiciary. Therefore, judges in Jordan are bound to understand the peculiar technical-legal nature of auditors’ liability. Although the Jordanian regulations state clearly that an auditor is obliged to compensate for any realized damage or lost profit incurred as a result of errors committed by him/her, it must be borne in mind that lost profit is not recognized, and therefore, not entitled to compensation under the Jordanian Contract Law. In some cases, auditors’ liability might be increased to one of fitness for intended purposes, instead of reasonable care. Undoubtedly, this paper has serious legal implications in construing the wording of legal provisions and ensuing obligations and liabilities thereof.
Pulmonary embolism in pediatric age: a retrospective study from a tertiary Centre
Authors: Braganca Raquel Lopes de , Gorito Vanessa , Cibele Diana , Gonçalves Luciana , Ribeiro Augusto , Baptista Maria João , Azevedo Inês
Published: January 2021

Introduction: Pediatric pulmonary embolism (PE) is rare but associated
with adverse outcomes. We aimed to characterize PE cases admitted in a
tertiary hospital and to evaluate sensitivity of PE diagnostic
prediction tools. Methods: Retrospective, descriptive study of PE cases
admitted from 2008 to 2020. Data was collected from hospital records.
Patients were grouped according to PE severity and setting (outpatients,
inpatients). Associations with demographic characteristics, risk
factors, clinical presentation, management and outcomes were analyzed.
PE diagnostic prediction tools were applied. Results: 29 PE episodes
occurred in 27 patients, 62.9% female, mean age 14.1 years. Most PE
were central and massive or submassive. One was diagnosed in autopsy.
Outpatients (n=20), admitted for classic PE symptoms, were adolescents;
in half the diagnosis had been missed previously. Risk factors included
contraceptives (65%), thrombophilia (35%), obesity (20%) and
auto-immunity (20%). Inpatients´ PE (n=8), diagnosed during
cardiorespiratory deterioration (n=5) or through incidental radiological
findings (n=3), were younger and had immobilization (87.5%), complex
chronic diseases (75%), infections (75%) and central venous catheter
(62.5%) as risk factors. Retrospectively, D-dimer testing and adults’
scores performed better than pediatrics’ scores (sensitivity 92.9-96%
vs 85.7- 92.9%). Both pediatrics’ scores missed a case with a positive
family history. Discussion: Pediatric PE diagnosis is often delayed or
missed. To improve it, the development of pediatric prediction tools as
from validated adult scores merits to be explored. We propose that
clinical presentation and risk factors may be different in inpatients
and outpatients. Family history should be included.
Ventilatory limitations are not associated with dyspnea on exertion or reduced aerobic fitness in pectus excavatum
Authors: Hardie William , Powell Adam , Jenkins Todd , Foster Karla , Tretter Justin , Fleck Robert , Garcia Victor , Brown Rebeccah
Published: January 2021

Pulmonary defects are reported in pectus excavatum but the physiological
impact on exercise capacity is unclear. To test the hypothesis that
pectus deformities are associated with a pulmonary impairment during
exercise we performed a retrospective review on pectus patients in our
center who completed a symptom questionnaire, cardiopulmonary exercise
test, pulmonary function tests (PFT), and chest magnetic resonance
imaging. Of 259 patients studied, dyspnea on exertion and chest pain was
reported in 64% and 41% respectively. Peak oxygen uptake (VO2) was
reduced in 30% and classified as mild in two-thirds. A pulmonary
limitation during exercise was identified in less than 3%. Ventilatory
limitations on PFT was found in 26% and classified as mild in 85%.
Obstruction was the most common abnormal pattern (11%) followed by a
nonspecific ventilatory limitation and restrictive pattern (7% each).
There were no differences between patients with normal or abnormal PFT
patterns for the anatomic degree of pectus malformation, VO2, or
percentage reporting dyspnea or chest pain. Scatter plots demonstrated
significant inverse relationships between severity of the pectus
deformity with lung volumes on PFT and VO2 but no correlation between
the severity of the pectus deformity and lung volumes during exercise.
We conclude that resting lung volume measurements were associated with
the anatomic degree of pectus severity but respiratory limitations
during maximal exercise are uncommon and PFT patterns have poor
correlation with symptomatology or VO2. These findings suggest
non-respiratory causes are more likely for the high rates of dyspnea and
reduced aerobic fitness reported in pectus.
“Accidents waiting to happen” – insights from a simple model on the emergence of infectious agents in new hosts.
Authors: Feronato Sofia , Araujo Sabrina , Boeger Walter A.
Published: January 2021

This study evaluates through modeling the possible individual and
combined effect of three populational parameters of pathogens
(reproduction rate; rate of novelty emergence; and propagule size) on
the colonization of new host species – putatively the most fundamental
process leading to the emergence of new infectious diseases. The results
are analyzed under the theoretical framework of the Stockholm Paradigm
using IBM simulations to better understand the evolutionary dynamics of
the pathogen population and the possible role of Ecological Fitting. The
simulations suggest that all three parameters positively influence the
success of colonization of new hosts by a novel parasite population but
contrary to the prevailing belief, the rate of novelty emergence (e.g.
mutations) is the least important factor. Maximization of all parameters
result in a synergetic facilitation of the colonization and emulates the
expected scenario for pathogenic microorganisms. The simulations also
provide theoretical support for the retention of the capacity of
fast-evolving lineages to retro-colonize their previous host
species/lineage by ecological fitting. Capacity is, thus, much larger
than we can anticipate. Hence, the results support the empirical
observations that opportunity of encounter (i.e. the breakdown in
mechanisms for ecological isolation) is an fundamental determinant to
the emergence of new associations - in special of Emergent Infectious
Diseases - and the dynamics of host exploration, as observed in
SARS-CoV-2. Insights on the dynamics of Emergent Infectious Diseases
derived from the simulations and from the Stockholm Paradigm are
discussed.
Detection and genetic analysis of a novel atypical porcine pestivirus from piglets with congenital tremor in Japan
Authors: Kasahara-Kamiie Miwako , Kagawa Mitsuo , Shiokawa Mai , Sunaga Fujiko , Fukase Yuka , Aihara Naoyuki , Shiga Takanori , Kamiie Junichi , Aoki Hiroshi , Nagai Makato
Published: January 2021

Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV), which has been confirmed to be
associated with congenital tremor (CT) in pigs, is a newly discovered
porcine virus that has been found in the Americas, Europe, and Asia;
however, no report of APPV in Japan has been published. We identified an
APPV in the central nervous system of Japanese piglets with CT, and
firstly determined and analyzed the complete genome sequence.
Phylogenetic analysis using the complete genome nucleotide sequence of
the Japanese APPV, named Anna/2020, and those of APPVs from the NCBI
database showed that APPVs were divided into three genotypes (genotypes
1 to 3), and that Anna/2020 clustered with the genotype 3 APPV strains,
but distantly branched from these strains. Pairwise complete coding
region nucleotide sequence comparisons revealed that there was 94.0% to
99.7% sequence identity among the genotype 3 strains, while Anna/2020
showed 87.0% to 89.3% identity to those genotype 3 strains, suggesting
that Anna/2020 represents a novel APPV lineage within genotype 3.
Retrospective examinations using RT-PCR revealed one genotype 1 and two
novel genotype 3 APPVs from pigs without CT, and that novel genotype 3
APPVs have been prevalent in Japan since at least 2007.
Development of a competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay using a monoclonal antibody recognizing 3B of foot-and-mouth disease virus for differentiating infected from vaccinated animals
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhang Guanglei , Yang Sicheng , Li Junhui , Ge Sude , Yang Huihui , Shao Jun-Jun , Chang Hui-Yun
Published: January 2021

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a devastating animal disease.
Differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) is very
important for confirming suspected cases, evaluating the prevalence of
infection, certifying animals for trade and controlling the disease. In
this study, a competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay (3B-cCLIA) for
DIVA was developed for the rapid detection of antibodies against
non-structural proteins (NSPs) in different species of livestock animals
using monoclonal antibody 9E2 as a competitive antibody that recognizes
NSP 3B, which only needs to be washed once and takes 15 min. The cut-off
(50%), diagnosis sensitivity (97.20%, 95.71%, and 96.15%) and
diagnosis specificity (99.51%, 99.43%, and 98.36) of the assay were
estimated by testing a panel of known background sera from swine, cattle
and sheep. The accuracy rate of 3B-cCLIA was also validated and compared
with that of two commercial diagnostic kits. The early diagnostic
performance showed that antibodies to NSPs occurred later (approximately
1–2 days) than antibodies to structural proteins. Furthermore, NSP
antibodies present in animals vaccinated multiple times
(false-positive), especially in cattle and sheep, were confirmed, and
the false-positive rate increased with the number of vaccinations. These
results indicated that 3B-cCLIA is suitable to rapidly detect antibodies
against FMDV NSP 3B in a wide range of species for DIVA.
Tuberculous pancreatic and liver abscesses presented as obstructive jaundice in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Subahi Eihab , Mahgoub Ali , Obeidat Khaldun , Elamin Ahmed , Rasoul Fatima
Published: January 2021

We reported 24 years old Nepalese male who presented with epigastric
pain and jaundiced found to have pancreatic and liver abscess suspected
by abdominal CT scan and MRI, that confirmed later on by EUS-FNA with
pus smear and PCR came for acid-fast bacilli. The patient responded
remarkably to ATT.
Dynamics of soliton solutions of the fifth-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation via the Riemann-Hilbert approach
Authors: Yang Jin-Jie , Tian Shou-Fu , Zhang TIan-Tian , Wang Xiao-Li
Published: January 2021

The theory of inverse scattering is developed to investigate the
initial-value problem for the fifth-order nonlinear Schrödinger (foNLS)
equation under the zero boundary conditions at infinity. The spectral
analysis is performed in the direct scattering process, including the
establishment of the analytical, asymptotic and symmetric properties of
the scattering matrix and the Jost functions. In the inverse scattering
process, a suitable Riemann-Hilbert (RH) problem is successfully
established by using the modified eigenfunctions and scattering data,
and the relationship between the potential function and the solution of
the RH problem is successfully established. In order to further analyze
the propagation behavior of the solutions of the foNLS equation, we
present some new phenomena of studying the one-, two-, and three-
soliton solutions corresponding to simple zeros in scattered data.
Finally, we also analyze the one- and two-soliton solutions
corresponding to double zeros.
A chemogenomic approach seems indispensable for effective treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Pampalakis Georgios , Angelis Georgios , Kastana Pinelopi , Vekrellis Kostas , Sotiropoulou Georgia
Published: January 2021

ALS is a fatal untreatable disease involving degeneration of motor
neurons. Μultiple causative genes encoding proteins with versatile
functions have been identified indicating that diverse biological
pathways lead to ALS. Gene and stem cell-based therapies are not
expected to enter clinical practice anytime soon. Thus, chemical
entities represent a promising choice to delay ALS progression,
attenuate symptoms and/or increase life expectancy. Various compounds
proved effective in transgenic models overexpressing distinct ALS
causative genes but showed no efficacy in clinical trials. Notably,
while animal models provide a uniform genetic background for preclinical
testing, ALS patients are not stratified, and the distinct genetic forms
of ALS are treated as a unique group which could explain the discrepancy
between treating genetically homogeneous mice and quite heterogeneous
patient cohorts. We suggest that chemical entity-genotype correlation
should be exploited to guide patient stratification for therapy.
Surgical Repair of Post Infarction Ventricular Septal Rupture: An 18 Years’ Retrospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Mohammadi Zohre , Majidi Masoud , Rostambeigi Saman , Sadeghipour Parham , Tatavoosi Anahita , Pourmotahari Fateme , Ghorbani Pardis , Foroughi Mahnoosh
Published: January 2021

Background: Ventricular Septal Rupture (VSR) is a rare but challenging
complication after myocardial infarction (MI). In the presence of acute
MI, volume and pressure overload lead to acute heart decompensation. The
present study was designed to evaluate the early surgical outcome of VSR
for over 18 years. Method: This multicenter study was done during
2000-2018, in which 99 patients with post-MI VSR were included. Results:
The patients (n=11) presenting hemodynamic deterioration at the time of
hospital admission, died before any attempt for surgery. A consecutive
series of 88 patients with surgical repair of VSR was evaluated. The
mean interval from MI to VSR diagnosis was 7.5±7.2 days and from
admission to the operation was 5±5 days. VSR location did not influence
the outcome (p=0.1). The concomitant coronary bypass was done for all
patients; two-vessel disease was more prevalent (39%). Only 25 patients
survived and left the hospital (13 patients died in the operating room
due to the failure of pump weaning and 50 patients in the ICU due to low
cardiac output). Predictors of poor prognosis included low ejection
fraction (p=0.01), prolonged pump time (p=0.01), and operation in the
second half of this period (p=002). Conclusion: Despite the improvement
in perioperative management and cardiac surgery techniques, the
perioperative mortality rate of VSR has remained high where the assist
device is not accessible. We suggest VSR repair limited to certain
centers with adequate experiences because of the low average annual
number.
In vitro antileishmanial activity of Anacardium othonianum and isolated compounds against Leishmania amazonensis
Authors: Alvarenga Tavane Aparecida , Alves Osvaine Júnior Alvarenga , Pagotti Mariana Cintra , Cunha Wilson Roberto , Silva Márcio Luís Andrade e , Sales Juliana De Fátima , Silva Fabiano Guimarães , Januario Ana Helena , Magalhães Lizandra Guidi , Pauletti Patrícia Mendonça
Published: January 2021

This study analyzes the antileishmanial activity of the crude ethanol extract, fractions, and isolated compounds of A. othonianum nuts. Antileishmanial activity was evaluated against Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes in vitro. The phytochemical study was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry-diode array detector (HPLC-HRMS-DAD) and by preparative HPLC. HPLC-HRMS-DAD analysis of the bioactive extract confirmed the presence of ten alkyl phenol derivatives that had previously been isolated from A. occidentale. Bioassay-guided isolation afforded cardanol triene, cardanol diene, cardanol monoene, cardol triene, anacardic acid triene, anacardic acid diene, and anacardic acid monoene. Cardol triene gave an IC50 of 80.66 µM. The obtained data suggest that the evaluated extract, fractions, and cardol triene had moderate activity against L. amazonensis promastigotes. This is the first description of alkyl phenols in A. othonianum.
Morphological and phytochemical characterization of Lavandula dentata L. cultivated in Paraíba do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Figueiredo Ana Rosa de , Silva Leirson Rodrigues da , Camargo Silvia Michelle Bezerra , Morais Lilia Aparecida Salgado de
Published: January 2021

Lavandula dentata L., popularly known as lavender, is considered to be a medicinal plant that has great economic potential. The aims of the present study were to characterize the morphology of L. dentata grown in Paraíba do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and determine the content and chemical composition of its essential oil. Morphology of the plant was determined using the optical microscope, digital calliper and measuring tape. The fresh plant material characteristics consisting of the branches, leaves, and inflorescence were described. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyses chemical characteristics were performed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Our study shows a large number of non-glandular trichomes were identified, as well as two types of glandular trichomes, including capitate and peltate glandular trichomes. This work achieved high essential oil content which were related to vegetable biomass. The major constituents found in the essential oil from L. dentata were the monoterpenes: eucalyptol - 1.8 cineol (39.43%), camphor (20.11%), and fenchone (18.40%). Thus, it was possible to characterize the morphology and chemical composition of L. dentata.