bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eternal Return Hermeneutics in Nietzsche, Heidegger, and Derrida
Authors: Braver Lee
Published: October 2023

Nietzsche’s Eternal Return (ER) is interpreted in many ways, including by him. I present it as a hermeneutic device, a way of reading texts, especially those whose influence threatens one’s authorial autonomy and/or are later difficult to take ownership of due to philosophical growth. It returns past texts with new interpretations, similar to the way ER leads one to embrace one’s past without changing anything, which radically changes everything from a resented painful burden into a celebrated enhancement of freedom and power. I show how he could have derived the idea from Schopenhauer, his own embarrassing past, by performing the technique on Schopenhauer. The same attitude toward past texts of recreating them according to one’s present interests and concerns simultaneously releases one’s present texts for future readers to impose their readings onto them, just as Zarathustra tells his followers not to follow him. Heidegger takes the idea up in a far more nuanced account than he is usually given credit for and applies it, among other places, to the history of philosophy. All philosophers say the same as it keeps returning. Derrida then recreates this as iterability, the deconstruction of the no/change dichotomy that Nietzsche began.
Effect of super critical carbon dioxide and alkali treatment on oxygen barrier properties of thermoplastic starch/poly(vinyl alcohol) films
Authors: Chen Wei-xing , Xu Hong-juan , Mei Han-fang , Ma Ning , Yeh Jen-taut
Published: October 2023

Sustainable oxygen barrier thermoplastic starch (TPS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) blown films were successfully prepared by blending proper PVA loads during NaOH-treating and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) assisted processing. The NaOH-treated TPS or scCO2TPS films showed smaller free-volume-cavity characteristics (FVCC) and oxygen transmission rate (OTR) than those of TPS (or scCO2TPS) prepared without proper alkali-treatment. Smaller OTR and FVCC values were detected for NaOH-treated scCO2TPS films than those of NaOH-treated TPS films prepared without scCO2-assistance. All OTR and FVCC values detected for proper alkali-treated scCO2TPS
y
PVA
z
films diminished distinctly to a smallest value, when their PVA loads came near a solubility limit value of 27.5 wt%. An essential result is that the OTR of the optimal NaOH-treated scCO2TPS
y
PVA
z
film is merely 3.1 cm3/m2 day atm, which meets the requirement of high oxygen barrier plastics. Dynamic molecular relaxations and WAXD patterns detected for proper NaOH-treated scCO2TPS
y
PVA
z
films disclosed that PVA was compatible with TPS, as PVA loads were ≤ the solubility limit value. The distinctly reduced OTR and FVCC detected for optimal NaOH-treated scCO2TPS
y
PVA
z
films are partially attributed to the reinforced molecular interactions between hydroxyl groups of TPS and PVA, as they were blended with proper PVA loads during their alkali-treating and scCO2-aid processing.
Quantitative susceptibility mapping for differentiating multiple sclerosis from cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Hou Mingjia , Zhang Yan , Gupta Ajay , Gauthier Susan A. , Wang Yi , Chen Weiwei
Published: October 2023

Background and Purpose:

With the increasing prevalence of cerebrovascular risk factors in young adults, accurate differentiation of multiple sclerosis (MS) from cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) remains challenging because of the significant overlap in the appearance of white matter lesions on conventional magnetic resonance (MR) images. The purpose of this study was to use quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) to differentiate patients with MS from patients with SVD.

Materials and Methods:

Thirty-two patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 40 patients with SVD were selected in this institution review board-approved retrospective study. All patient examinations included QSM and T2-weighted FLAIR (T2w). All T2w hyperintense lesions were analyzed on QSM for susceptibility relative to normal-appearing white matter and were evaluated for the presence of hyperintense rims and the central vein sign. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of differentiating MS patients from SVD patients.

Results:

The mean susceptibility value of SVD lesions was significantly lower than MS lesions (2.31 ± 9.68 ppb vs. 27.77 ± 20.27 ppb, p < 0.001). Of MS patients and MS lesions, 68.8% and 22.2% had hyperintense rims on QSM, respectively. Of MS patients and MS lesions, 75% and 37.6% had a central vein sign on QSM, respectively. Lesion susceptibility values allowed accurate differentiation MS from SVD with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.848 for lesion differentiation, AUC = 0.999 for patient differentiation, and an optimal cut-off susceptibility value of 14.88 ppb.

Conclusions:

Magnetic susceptibility measured using QSM allows accurate differentiation of MS patients from SVD patients.
The Association Between Smokers’ Approach Bias and Heaviness of Use: A Focus on Light Smokers
Authors: Rougier Marine , Muller Dominique , Smeding Annique , Wiers Reinout W. , Neyroud Lison
Published: October 2023

The relationship between heaviness of use and the approach bias (i.e., stronger approach than avoidance tendencies) toward tobacco remains ambiguous at both theoretical and empirical levels. Indeed, some models of addition would formulate opposite predictions (i.e., positive vs. negative relationship) and, as it turns out, current evidence is mixed. In three studies, we investigated this relationship among smokers (relying on a continuous measure of heaviness) and compared approach/avoidance tendencies of light smokers and non-smokers (relying on group comparison). To measure approach/avoidance tendencies, we used the Visual Approach/Avoidance by the Self Task (VAAST) that visually simulates whole body movements. This task was used as irrelevant-feature version (i.e., instructions about another dimension). Heaviness of use was assessed continuously with daily cigarette use. Data were analyzed in two Integrative Data Analyses (IDAs; a kind of meta-analysis considering jointly the raw data of the three studies), thus taking into account both significant and non-significant effects (total N = 173). In our first integrative analysis (Studies 1-3), we observed an increase in the approach bias toward tobacco as a function of heaviness of use, as well as an avoidance bias among light smokers. In our second integrative analysis (Studies 2 and 3), we found that light smokers have a stronger avoidance bias than non-smokers. While the positive relationship between heaviness of use and approach tendencies toward tobacco is consistent with most addiction models, our finding on light smokers’ avoidance bias stands in sharp contrast. These findings, however, can be incorporated into general motivational models or single-process propositional models that consider the role of goal-oriented or propositional processes, respectively.
Hubungan Intensitas Olahraga dan Kualitas Tidur Terhadap Tingkat Stres Mahasiswa Studi Kasus Mahasiswa
Authors: Dany Aditya , Kusuma Donny Wira Yudha
Published: October 2023

Kondisi pandemi pada saat ini menyebabkan satuan pendidikan mengharuskan mahasiswa untuk belajar dari rumah. Dengan adanya perubahan metode belajar, membuat beberapa mahasiswa mulai timbul stres dikarenakan hanya berada dirumah.  Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa FIK UNNES angkatan 2017. Dengan pengambilan teknik sampling probability sampling. Serta menggunakan instrument pengumpulan data yaitu metode kuisioner. Kuisioner intensitas olahraga berdasarkan GPAQ, kualitas tidur PSQI dan tingkat stres berdasarkan PSS. Desain yang adalah korelasional. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif presentase dan analisis kendall’s tau b. Hasil analisis kendall’s tau b, intensitas olahraga memperoleh hasil sig. 0,045 < 0,05 dan kualitas olahraga mempunyai sig 0,012 < 0,05 maka H1 dan H2 dinyatakan diterima. Dan diperoleh nilai r intensitas olahraga sebesar -0,223, nilai r kualitas tidur sebesar -0,278 dimana keduanya berada dalam kategori rendah. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara intensitas olahraga dan tingkat stres ataupun hubungan antara kualitas tidur dan tingkat stres. Adapun saran dari penelitian ini adalah cara meningkatkan intensitas olahraga dengan membuat jadwal yang harus dilakukan secara rutin. Dan cara untuk meningkatkan kualitas tidur yaitu dengan merilekskan pikiran dan tubuh serta selalu tidur lebih awal dan tidak begadang.
The war and the attitude of Ukrainians to language
Authors:   Ternopil Volodymyr Hnaituk National Pedagogical University, Matveieva Natalia
Published: October 2023

This article is devoted to outlining the main trends of changes in the language and national consciousness of Ukrainians in the period of Russian-Ukrainian war. The language situation in Ukraine has changed significantly since the start of Russian aggression in February 2022. The basis of our investigation are the results of the latest sociological surveys. In order to study these changes, the materials of the following polls were involved: the poll conducted by the sociological group “Rating” (March 2022), the all-Ukrainian public opinion poll “Omnibus” conducted by KMIS (May 2022), the survey conducted by Gradus Research (October 2022), the KMIS survey (December 2022). Presented in the paper also are the opinions of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University students regarding language issues, which were collected in the process of student questionnaires in winter 2022—2023. The results of all studies confirm the fact of changing the language situation in Ukraine in the direction of increasing the amount of the Ukrainian language. Now the process of Ukrainization has become so visible. Ukrainians became more conscious in the aspect of their national identity and more switched to the state language of communication. We can make a conclusion that the sociological data prove the obvious transformation of the language situation of Ukraine and the expansion of the functions of the Ukrainian language. The war accelerates the processes of Ukrainization of the communicative space, and therefore in the future we can predict the continuation of changes in the language situation of the country in the direction of Ukrainian monolingualism. The prospect of our study is to investigate the language behaviour of Ukrainians in the post-war period. Keywords: state language, mother tongue, language of everyday communication, language situation, language consciousness, process of Ukrainianization, language identity, sociolinguistic survey
Pediatric Mental Health Emergencies During 5 COVID-19 Waves in New York City
Authors: Levine Deborah A. , Oh P. Stephen , Nash Katherine A. , Simmons Will , Grinspan Zachary M. , Abramson Erika L. , Platt Shari L. , Green Cori
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVES

To describe the proportion of pediatric mental health emergency department (MH-ED) visits across 5 COVID-19 waves in New York City (NYC) and to examine the relationship between MH-ED visits, COVID-19 prevalence, and societal restrictions.

METHODS

We conducted a time-series analysis of MH-ED visits among patients ages 5 to 17 years using the INSIGHT Clinical Research Network, a database from 5 medical centers in NYC from January 1, 2016, to June 12, 2022. We estimated seasonally adjusted changes in MH-ED visit rates during the COVID-19 pandemic, compared with predicted prepandemic levels, specific to each COVID-19 wave and stratified by mental health diagnoses and sociodemographic characteristics. We estimated associations between MH-ED visit rates, COVID-19 prevalence, and societal restrictions measured by the Stringency Index.

RESULTS

Of 686 500 ED visits in the cohort, 27 168 (4.0%) were MH-ED visits. The proportion of MH-ED visits was higher during each COVID-19 wave compared with predicted prepandemic trends. Increased MH-ED visits were seen for eating disorders across all waves; anxiety disorders in all except wave 3; depressive disorders and suicidality/self-harm in wave 2; and substance use disorders in waves 2, 4, and 5. MH-ED visits were increased from expected among female, adolescent, Asian race, high Child Opportunity Index patients. There was no association between MH-ED visits and NYC COVID-19 prevalence or NY State Stringency Index.

CONCLUSIONS

The proportion of pediatric MH-ED visits during the COVID-19 pandemic was higher during each wave compared with the predicted prepandemic period, with varied increases among diagnostic and sociodemographic subgroups. Enhanced pediatric mental health resources are essential to address these findings.
Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program: Optimization to Promote Equity in Child and Young Adult Health
Authors: Kusma Jennifer D. , Raphael Jean L. , Perrin James M. , Hudak Mark L. ,   COMMITTEE ON CHILD HEALTH FINANCING, Perrin James M. , Chamberlain Lisa , Kusma Jennifer D. , Moskowitz William Bernard , Amidei Galbraith Alison , Raphael Jean L. , Turchi Renee M. , Giardino Angelo P. , Chen Mike , Wolynn Todd , Glassberg Hope , Patchias Elizabeth , Kim Sunnah , Glier Stephanie , Walter Dan , Fraley Todd , Wallace Nicholas
Published: October 2023

The American Academy of Pediatrics envisions a child and adolescent health care system that provides individualized, family-centered, equitable, and comprehensive care that integrates with community resources to help each child and family achieve optimal growth, development, and well-being. All infants, children, adolescents, and young adults should have access to this system. Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) provide critical support and foundation for this vision. Together, the programs currently serve about half of all children, many of whom are members of racial and ethnic minoritized populations or have complex medical conditions. Medicaid and CHIP have greatly improved the health and well-being of US infants, children, adolescents, and young adults. This statement reviews key program aspects and proposes both program reforms and enhancements to support a higher-quality, more comprehensive, family-oriented, and equitable system of care that increases access to services, reduces disparities, and improves health outcomes into adulthood. This statement recommends foundational changes in Medicaid and CHIP that can improve child health, achieve greater equity in health and health care, further dismantle structural racism within the programs, and reduce major state-by-state variations. The recommendations focus on (1) eligibility and duration of coverage; (2) standardization of covered services and quality of care; and (3) program financing and payment. In addition to proposed foundational changes in the Medicaid and CHIP program structure, the statement indicates stepwise, coordinated actions that regulation from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services or federal legislation can accomplish in the shorter term. A separate technical report will address the origins and intents of the Medicaid and CHIP programs; the current state of the program including variations across states and payment structures; Medicaid for special populations; program innovations and waivers; and special Medicaid coverage and initiatives.
Spiritual Care, Mental Health, Hearing Impairment and COVID-19
Authors: Carey Lindsay B , Grossoehme Daniel H , Kissack Fran , Newitt Mark , Nuzum Daniel , Paal Piret , Ross Linda , Snowden Austyn , Swift Chris
Published: October 2023

This issue of Health and Social Care Chaplaincy presents a wide range of topics relating to: (i) spirituality and spiritual care education, (ii) mental health care, (iii) hearing impairment, and (iv) COVID-19 in residential aged care. A number of book reviews are presented, as well as the annual overview of HSCC. Finally, we welcome a new HSCC Editor-in-Chief and remind readers of the upcoming European  Conference on Religion, Spirituality and Health planned for 2024. Further, we provide advance notice of a forthcoming conference currently in planning – namely the inaugural International Moral Injury and Wellbeing Conference (IMIWC, 2024).
The Environmentalism of the Far-Right Pagans
Authors: Berger Helen A
Published: October 2023

Far-Right Pagans, like most other contemporary Pagans, view their spirituality as earth-based. They are concerned about the environment, however that concern is integrated with their politics of White Supremacy. Based on my research of their online discourse, I find that they use four major themes to frame the environmental crisis: (1) The embrace of human beings as part of the natural world and not above it. (2) The acceptance of natural laws as the basis of ethical behavior. (3) A focus on purity and (4) A view that immigration and more generally human population needs to be limited to protect the environment. All of these to a greater or less degree can be found as aspects of the larger environmental movement. They, however, take a particular twist within the extremist logic and agenda of the far-right that is used to justify their radical solutions.
Paradise on Earth
Authors: Tully Caroline
Published: October 2023

Feraferia, ‘a love culture for wilderness’, is a contemporary Pagan religion that celebrates humans’ erotic union with Nature. It was the brainchild of artist, Frederick Adams (1928–2008), who in 1956 had a vision of a universal goddess and subsequently devoted himself to the divine feminine as a ‘Maiden Goddess of the Wilderness’ called Korê. Formally incorporated in 1967, Feraferia became the second Pagan church in US history, and it is still active today. Herein I examine Feraferia through an ecocritical lens, with a particular focus on the role of trees, the anthropomorphisation of nature envisioned as a young female body, ecosexuality, and the construction of henges; circular structures aligned with local topography, used as seasonal and astronomical calendars wherein ritual magic and ‘faerie enchantment’ are employed in order to heal and revitalise the natural world. I demonstrate that Feraferia’s enchanted approach to the world resonates with contemporary ecological activist thought, particularly ecofeminism and ecosexuality. I conclude that many of Feraferia’s ecospiritual concepts have value today because they can heighten conscious awareness of human situatedness within the real physical world, both on our own planet as well as within the wider surrounding space of our part of the universe.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Contemporary Pagan Ecospiritualities
Authors: Berger Helen A , Tully Caroline
Published: October 2023

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Carole M. Cusack, Invented Religions: Imagination, Fiction and Faith
Authors: Tully Caroline
Published: October 2023

Carole M. Cusack, Invented Religions: Imagination, Fiction and Faith (Routledge: New York, 2010), 179 pp., $52.95 (pbk), ISBN 978-1-0320-9936-1.
Deradicalization Narratives from Former Convicts in the Digital Space: Sofyan Tsauri’s YouTube Channel Analysis
Authors: Muhyiddin Muhammad , Priyanto Sapto
Published: October 2023

This paper examines deradicalization programs from the former terrorism prisoners’ narratives on Sofyan Tsauri’s YouTube channel. Through library research and data collection from digital sources using a phenomenological approach, this paper argues that Sofyan Tsauri becomes an influencer in combating radicalization through his YouTube channel which explains matters related to radicalism, extremism, terrorism, and peace that are likely to have resonance in various locations. Further, Sofyan Tsauri's move has become a vehicle for former terrorists to talk about terrorists from their perspective to overcome various barriers to knowledge hegemony. This article suggests that other terrorists and former convicts are expected to be able to replicate such methods of da'wah in the digital era that are friendly to millennials.
Allergic fungal airway diseases: analysis of data in asthma patient register
Authors: Kozlova Yana I. , Vasiliev Nikolay Yu. , Frolova Ekaterina V. , Uchevatkina Alexandra E. , Filippova Larisa V. , Aak Oleg V. , Sobolev Alexei V. , Vasilyeva Natalia V.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Allergy to microscopic fungi (micromycetes), which can colonize the respiratory tract, is associated with an eosinophilic endotype of inflammation and severe disease course. Among the hallmarks of fungal allergy, experts identify fixed airways obstruction, bronchiectasis, and fibrosis. Currently, there has been proposed the term “allergic fungal airways disease” (AFAD), which combines various clinical phenotypes, which pathogenesis is based on IgE-mediated allergic reaction against fungal spores colonizing the respiratory tract. According to this approach, the AFAD group includes severe asthma with fungal sensitization and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). A promising direction in AFAD treatment implies the use of genetically engineered biological drugs against T-2 inflammation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence ofAspergillusspp. sensitization and allergic bronchopulmonaryAspergillosis in patients with asthma.
Materials and methods. A retrospective single-center registry study was conducted in the I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation. The study included 523 patients with asthma of varying severity. The level of total and specific blood serum IgE against aeroallergens, includingAspergillusspp., was analyzed by enzyme immunoassay. The diagnosis of asthma was established in accordance with the recommendations of the GINA working group and the Clinical recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, fungal sensitization and ABPA — in accordance with the recommendations of the ISHAM working group.Results. During the examination of patients with asthma, sensitization toAspergillusspp. recorded in 16.6% cases, severe asthma with sensitization toAspergillusspp. — in 7.4%, ABPA — in 6.1%. In patients with allergic asthma, the prevalence of sensitization toAspergillusspp. was 22%, severe asthma with sensitization toAspergillusspp. — 10.1%, ABLA — 8.1%. Among patients with ABPA, females (64%) aged 40 years and older prevailed. The major clinical manifestations of ABPA were presented as cough (96%) and shortness of breath (76%), CT scan radiological changes were in a form of bronchiectasis (72%).
Conclusion. A high prevalence of sensitization toAspergillusspp. in patients with asthma was found. It is necessary to includeAspergillusspp. into the list of tested allergens while examining patients with chronic lung diseases for timely detection of AFAD and prescription of proper anti-inflammatory or antimycotic therapy.
Assessment of trec and krec levels in COVID-19 patients with varying disease severity
Authors: Saitgalina M. A. , Ostankova Yulia V. , Arsentieva Natalia A. , Korobova Zoya R. , Liubimova Natalia E. , Kashchenko Victor A. , Kulikov Alexandr N. , Pevtsov Dmitry E. , Stanevich Oksana V. , Chernykh Ekaterina I. , Totolian Areg A.
Published: October 2023

According to the WHO data, the number of infected people exceeded 765.2 million people during the COVID-19 pandemic. The severity of patient’s condition is determined by immune system hyperactivation. Activation of T- and B-lymphocyte subsets plays a prominent role in the control of infectious process. A content of small circular DNA molecules — T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC — T-cell receptor excision circles) and B-cell (“kappa”) excision rings (KREC — Kappa-deleting recombination excision circles) — in the peripheral blood can be used as a marker of the functionally active T and B cells maturation. The purpose of this work is to quantify peripheral blood TREC and KREC level in patients with the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 of varying severity.Materials and methods.The material consisted of 1028 blood samples from patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, as well as 717 blood samples from apparently healthy volunteers. The content of TREC and KREC DNA fragments in the total DNA fraction was assessed by quantitative Real-time PCR using the “TREC/KREC-AMP PS” test system (St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Russia). Blood cell phenotyping was carried out using flow cytometry.Results.TREC/KREC levels were significantly reduced in COVID-19 patients (p 0.0001 at 95% CI). A significant direct correlation was established between the levels of peripheral blood TREC molecules and level of CD45+CD3+CD19–T cells (r = 0.59, p 0.0001), as well as between KREC level and count of CD45+CD3–CD19+B cells (r = 0.66, p 0.0001). The level of TREC molecules in patients with severe vs. moderate infection was significantly reduced in patients aged 30–39 years old (p = 0.0404) and 40–49 years old (p = 0.0356). The negative correlation between severity of COVID-19 clinical manifestations and TREC level in the blood of patients in 30–49 year age group indicates about an opportunity of using this analyte as a diagnostic and prognostic laboratory marker of patient’s condition. A simple PCR analysis algorithm makes it relevant to use the described method for assessing a state of immunity in coronavirus patients in the context of systemic negative impact of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on human organism.
An umbrella review on treatments and therapeutic options for COVID-19
Authors: SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Afsahi Amir M. , Molla Ayoob , Mirzapour Pegah , Shahidi Ramin , Siami Haleh , Rad Farid F. , Abbaspour Faeze , Mozafari Navid , Fakhredini Kamal , Mehraeen Esmaeil , Dadras Omid
Published: October 2023

Introduction. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose a significant challenge to global health, effective therapeutic options for preventing and treating the disease have become increasingly important. We aimed to provide an update on current treatments and therapeutic options for COVID-19 patients.Materials and methods. The purpose of this umbrella review is to explore the current treatments and therapeutic options for COVID-19 patients. Keywords and their combinations were searched across online databases in Embase, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus spanning from July 1, 2020, through March 3, 2023. Publications were selected for data extraction in two steps based on the study inclusion/exclusion criteria. The study adheres to the PRISMA checklist as well as NIH bias risk and quality assessment tool.Results. In this review, 28 relevant articles were selected for the final qualitative synthesis. The majority of included studies had reported on the efficacy of Lopinavir/Ritonavir (n = 4), Ivermectin (n = 3), Baricitinib (n = 2), Tocilizumab (n = 2), Remdesivir (n = 2), ACEI/ARB (n = 2), Vitamin D (n = 2), Molnupiravir (n = 2), Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) (n = 2), Convalescent plasma transfusion (CPT) (n = 2) and hydroxychloroquine (n = 2) in treating COVID-19. It appeared that Baricitinib, Remdesivir, ACEI/ARB, TCM, and CPT may have beneficial effects on reducing mortality, hospitalization duration, and disease severity in COVID-19 patients. Other interventions, such as Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Ivermectin, Vitamin D, and Hydroxychloroquine did not show clear benefits or had inconclusive results.Conclusion. This umbrella review provides a comprehensive overview of the current evidence on the effectiveness and safety of various pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for COVID-19. These results provide an updated overview of the current landscape for COVID-19 treatments, highlighting potential avenues for further research and clinical practice. It is crucial to continue monitoring emerging evidence and conducting rigorous studies to guide the development and optimization of therapeutic strategies against COVID-19.
HCV drug resistance mutations in HIV-infected patients
Authors: Reingardt D. E. , Ostankova Yu. V. , Anufrieva E. V. , Semenov A. V. , Lyalina L. V. , Totolian A. A.
Published: October 2023

The aim of our work was to assess prevalence in the HCV drug resistance mutations in the NS3, NS5A, NS5B genes in HIV-infected patients. The material of the study was 157 blood plasma samples collected from HIV patients living in the Leningrad Region, with virological inefficiency of antiretroviral therapy. Samples were examined for the presence of anti-HCV antibodies and HCV RNA using commercial test systems in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. In the case of detecting HCV RNA, amplification reaction was carried out using a set of primers co-flanking the NS3, NS5A, and NS5B genes. After sequencing the nucleotide sequences of the above genes, the virus subtype was determined. To assess HCV drug resistance mutations to direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs), the Geno2pheno HCV resistance software (https:// hcv.geno2pheno.org) was used. The age of the patients varied from 18 to 65 and averaged 34.3±7.27 years. The number of males vs females prevailed comprising 71% and 28%, respectively. Antibodies against HCV were detected in 94.2% cases, whereas HCV RNA — in 98 (61.7%) HIV-infected persons. The distribution of HCV genotypes in this group was as follows: 1a — 7% (n = 7), 1b — 53% (n = 52), 2 — 2% (n = 2), 3a — 38% (n = 37). The results of determining the viral load varied from 5.3 × 103 to 2.3 × 108 IU/ml. The nucleotide sequence of all three regions NS3, NS5A, NS5B was determined in 73 samples. Analysis of drug resistance mutations in the NS3 region was performed for 82 HCV isolates of genotypes 1b (n = 46), 3a (n = 31), 1a (n = 4), 2 (n = 1). In total, the proportion of strains containing mutations in the NS3 region was 9.8%. The presence of significant amino acid substitutions in the NS5A region was tested for 83 HCV isolates of genotypes 1b (n = 47), 3a (n = 30), 1a (n = 6). The percentage of strains containing mutations in the NS5A region was 19.3%. Resistance mutations in the NS5B region were analysed for 87 HCV isolates of genotypes 1b (n = 48), 3a (n = 32), 2 (n = 2), 1a (n = 5). The proportion of strains containing mutations in the NS5B region was 11.5%. In the study group, mutations associated with hepatitis C virus resistance to DAAs in all regions were found in 16.6% (95% CI: 11.11–23.32%) cases (n = 26). In the NS3, NS5A and NS5B, there have been identified 6, 15 and 10 significant amino acid substitutions, respectively.
Prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection among blood donors in Saint Petersburg
Authors: Ostankova Yulia Vladimirovna , Serikova Elena N. , Shirshova Natalia Yu. , Kusevitskaya Marina B. , Gorskaya Olga A. , Basina Valentina V. , Mashkov Iliya A. , Zueva Elena B. , Schemelev Alexandr N. , Reingardt Diana E. , Davydenko Vladimir S. , Mukkel D. А. , Totolian Areg A.
Published: October 2023

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection among blood donors in St. Petersburg, as well as to characterize the identified virus isolates. The study material was represented by 2800 blood plasma samples collected in 2019 from blood donors living in St. Petersburg. The ELISA study for HBV marker rate consisted of HBsAg, anti-HBs IgG, anti-HBcore IgG. HBV DNA was analyzed by nested PCR with real-time hybridization-fluorescence detection on three targets allowing to determine virus DNA at low viral load, including HBsAg-negative chronic hepatitis B. Hepatitis B serological markers were detected in 69.43% of those surveyed, HBsAg was found in 0.43% of individuals, and all of which donated blood first time. A significant excess of the anti-HBcore IgG antibodies occurrence among primary donors (15.1%) compared with repeated/regular donors (7.48%) was shown. The prevalence of virus DNA in the group was 3.14%, including 2.71% of cases in HBsAg-negative CHB. Based on phylogenetic analysis of 88 isolates, HBV subgenotypes were determined in the following order: D1 and D2, 40.91% each, D3 and A2, 9.09% each. While determining the serological subtype in detected isolates, the serotype ayw3 (52.27%) vs ayw2 (46.59%) and adw2 (10.23%) prevailed. Drug resistance mutations, including compensatory ones, were detected in six examined patients (6.82%). In all genotype D isolates, multiple amino acid substitutions were identified in the RT, SHB, MHB, LHB, and Core regions; mutations in the preCore region were detected in 21.59% samples. In the MHR of the HBV genotype D genome, twenty-six positions were identified in which amino acid substitutions occurred, and all isolates showed modifications at positions 113, 114, 131, 134, 159, 161, 168, in 76 — at position 122, in 68 — at position 127, in 36 — at position 118, in 24 — at position 128. In HBV A2 isolates, mutations T113S, S143T, Y161F were identified. Nine isolates in the preCore region showed a polymorphism including a stop codon W28*W; in five isolates the W28S substitution was shown in the same position, and the W28*S variant was found in one more sample. The high incidence of HBsAg-negative CHB cases among blood donors, as well as the predominance of HBV isolates that simultaneously carry mutations resulting in diagnostic failure of HBsAg tests and prophylactic failure of immunoglobulin or vaccines and virus reactivation, mutations that contribute to disease progression obviously pose a threat to health and require to be further examined.
Associação de Bacillus subtilis BV02 e produto à base de cobre no controle da ferrugem asiática na soja
Authors: Muniz Camila Rebelatto , Paniago Hiago Lima , Braz Guilherme Braga Pereira , Campos Hercules Diniz , Freire Eduardo Souza
Published: October 2023

RESUMO O fungo causador da ferrugem asiática na soja, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, apresenta resistência cruzada e múltipla aos três grupos químicos (triazóis, estrobilurinas e carboxamidas) de fungicidas sítio-específicos. Este fato torna evidente a necessidade da implementação de estratégias para o manejo de prevenção da resistência. Uma alternativa pode ser a utilização de microrganismos com capacidade de interferir no desenvolvimento de patógenos, bem como atuarem como indutores da resistência das plantas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia de produto biológico à base de Bacillus subtilis BV02 isolado ou associado à produto à base de cobre no controle de ferrugem asiática, bem como desempenho agronômico da soja. Para tanto, foram instalados dois experimentos, sendo um no campo e outro em laboratório. Para o experimento conduzido em campo, o delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, estando os tratamentos dispostos em arranjo fatorial (5x2)+1, com quatro repetições. O primeiro fator correspondeu a aplicação, em pós-emergência da soja, de cinco doses de B. subtilis BV02 (0, 0,5, 1,0, 2,0 ou 4,0 L p.c. ha-1). O segundo fator correspondeu a associação ou não com produto à base de cobre. O tratamento adicional consistiu na aplicação da associação entre os fungicidas [azoxystrobina + benzovindiflupir] + mancozebe. No experimento em laboratório foi avaliada a germinação dos uredósporos de P. pachyrhizi em placas Elisa, no delineamento inteiramente casualizado com oito repetições. Foram utilizados os mesmos tratamentos do experimento do campo, diferenciando-se apenas o fungicida químico, o qual não foi adicionado mancozebe a calda aplicada. O aumento de dose de B. subtilis BV02, aplicado isoladamente, proporcionou reduções na severidade de ferrugem, não sendo visualizado este comportamento quando associado ao produto à base de cobre. Para a associação entre B. subtilis BV02 e produto à base de cobre, os melhores resultados para o controle de ferrugem asiática foram visualizados em doses iguais ou inferiores a 1,0 L p.c. ha-1. A produtividade da soja foi superior ao tratamento contendo fungicidas com a utilização de B. subtilis BV02 isolado (1,0 e 2,0 L p.c. ha-1), com aplicação apenas de produto à base de cobre e com utilização deste micronutriente em associação ao B. subtilis BV02 (2,0 L p.c. ha-1).
Naturaleza y ficción en la imitación artística: consideraciones desde Aristóteles
Authors: Brandi Hugo Costarelli , Fagés Mariano
Published: October 2023

Resumen: El presente artículo aborda el tema de la mímēsis artística, e intenta iluminar la discusión contemporánea entre dos posiciones en apariencia inconciliables. La primera, enmarcada en una tradicional interpretación de los textos aristotélicos, considera a la obra de arte como una imitación de la naturaleza, encontrando en ella su única regla. La segunda, apoyada en una interpretación distinta, enuncia que, según el mismo Aristóteles, la creatividad artística es ficcional, es decir, independiente de la realidad natural, y por ende deudora sólo de la subjetividad del artista. Sin embargo, al considerar la analogía entre téchnē y phýsis, dentro de la cosmovisión teleológica de Aristóteles, es posible advertir una suerte de “obra común” que las armoniza. En ese marco, y avanzando sobre la consideración de la poiésis mimética, los textos del filósofo permiten una interpretación que, sin despegarse de la naturalidad originaria del arte y tomándola como guía, abre el horizonte a la creatividad del artista.
Os monstros humanos em Foucault e existências transgêneros
Authors: Collares Regiane Lorenzetti , Temple Giovana Carmo
Published: October 2023

Resumo: Este artigo foi escrito a partir das formulações de Michel Foucault, no curso Os anormais (1975), a respeito da dimensão da monstruosidade humana. Em suas linhas gerais, Foucault não apenas nos fornece um panorama da lenta formação da “família indefinida e confusa” dos anormais, como também trata da importante participação da figura do monstro humano, na sua composição. Tomando assim a tematização do monstro humano como fio condutor deste texto, pretende-se lançar alguns questionamentos sobre as tecnologias de saber e estratégias de poder que tornaram possível a sua existência, quais sejam: como a dimensão da monstruosidade veio a se atrelar ao quadro da sexualidade? De que modo o dispositivo da sexualidade se implicou à proliferação dos vultos pálidos dos monstros humanos? E, em um último passo, pergunta-se também sobre as possibilidades de resistência política, do ponto de vista de corpos dissidentes, na medida em que eles fazem frente ao universalismo violento das determinações pautadas pelo verdadeiro sexo.
The actualization of loneliness in modern philosophy
Authors: Balapashev Beken , Tursynbayeva Aigul , Zhangaliyeva Ainur
Published: October 2023

Abstract: The research relevance is predefined by loneliness being one of the key issues in contemporary philosophy. The research aims to determine the role of loneliness in modern philosophy and the views on the phenomenon. The following methods of theoretical knowledge were used in the research: analysis, synthesis, comparison, abstraction, concretization and generalization. As a result of the research, several conclusions were made, in particular, it was determined what role was played by the theme of loneliness in different periods, such as Antiquity, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance and Modernity. The modern classification of loneliness was considered, and it was determined which of its types are positive and which are negative, as well as what the relationship between them is. The objective factors of loneliness prevalence in the world today are identified. The research introduces a new perspective on loneliness in modern philosophy and demonstrates the interrelation between different kinds of loneliness and a person’s spiritual state.
Entre a utopia e a realidade: as possibilidades do mundo, segundo Ernst Bloch
Authors: Reis Thiago
Published: October 2023

Resumo: O aspecto mais importante da filosofia de Ernst Bloch se baseia na afirmação de que “S ainda não é P” - premissa ontológica que sustenta todos os desdobramentos do seu pensamento. Nesse sentido, articula Bloch: “O proletário ainda não se sublevou, a natureza ainda não é nossa casa, a realidade ainda não foi desdobrada em sua totalidade” - tudo isso permanece em processo e a tarefa da filosofia é a de considerar as reais possibilidades do ainda-não-realizado e transformar o mundo de acordo com o que ele pode ser. A intenção deste texto é a de contribuir com a investigação acerca das premissas fundamentais do pensamento blochiano, sobretudo de sua ontologia do ainda-não, amparada em uma teoria das possibilidades que pretende reinterpretar a noção aristotélica de matéria.
Teaching with filial piety: a study of the filial piety thought of confucianism
Authors: Wang Xueyin , Tian Xiaolei
Published: October 2023

Abstract: Filial piety is a fundamental moral value in Chinese culture and has played a significant role in Chinese history. Its origins can be traced back to the pre-Qin period, where it developed during the Xia and Shang dynasties, and flourished in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Confucius, the renowned philosopher and educator, first introduced the concept of filial piety in Confucianism. He combined it with the idea of “Ren” and specified the essential elements of filial piety. Mencius, one of Confucius’ most prominent disciples, continued to develop the concept of filial piety by integrating it with other theories such as “the theory of good nature” and “the kingly way politics.” He also introduced the criterion of “unfiliality”, which further enriched the understanding of filial piety. This paper analyzes the evolution and influence of filial piety by examining the thoughts of pre-Qin Confucian scholars. It also discusses the role and significance of filial piety in contemporary society. Given the lack of archaeological evidence, it is important to avoid mentioning the disputed existence of the Xia dynasty in the abstract.
El infierno de Frantz Fanon
Authors: Aguirre Carlos Aguirre
Published: October 2023

Resumen: El artículo elabora un estudio exegético de la figura del “Infierno” presente en la obra del psiquiatra martiniqués Frantz Fanon. Dicho tropo se piensa como un elemento medular de la narrativa de Piel negra, máscaras blancas que guarda vínculo con las reflexiones acerca de la alienación racista, la epidermis, la mirada y la zona de no-ser. Explorando las distintas modulaciones del “Infierno”, el artículo realiza un desplazamiento que busca argumentar cómo lo infernal del relato de Fanon, más que metáfora, da cuenta de lo “real-vivido” del mundo colonial. En consecuencia, el cuerpo racializado y su experiencia vivida ofrecen una lectura acerca del “Infierno” en clave anafórica y existencial que tensa las gramáticas moderno-hegemónicas acerca de las identidades. Desde este punto de partida, el trabajo discute el problema de la temporalidad ligado con el tenor crítico que en diversos momentos de Piel negra… asume la arquitectura infernal del colonialismo narrada por Fanon.
ACTIVE METHODOLOGIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC MAPPING IN THE CONTEXT OF ENGINEERING COURSES
Authors: REIS ALAN , ALVES ALAINA , WENDLAND EDSON CEZAR
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT: Active learning is all pedagogical alternatives that place the focus of learning on the students. With the mediation of competent teachers, the students learn by discovery, by investigation, and by problems. Such methodologies commonly promote more content retention and comprehension once the students are engaged in activities, whether through research, group collaborations, discussion, and problem-solving. This work aimed to verify the temporal evolution of active learning methods in higher education Engineering courses, based on a systematic mapping of the literature. We observed which are the main researchers in this field, their geographic location, and which methodologies are preferred in the context of these courses. From the results, we observe a growth in scientific publications on active learning methodologies and Engineering Education, especially in the last five years of the period analysed (between 2015 and 2020). We also see research in this field on all continents, with a predominance of studies led by American and European researchers. In the mapped studies, the inverted classroom and problem-based learning were the most identified methodologies. It indicates a concern of teachers in this area to promote activities with high involvement, which allow the development of personal and professional skills and competencies, even during their training period.
PEDAGOGIA DA TRANSMISSÃO DO FUTEBOL DE MULHERES
Authors: PEIXOTO ALINI SILVA , ROSA MARCELO VICTOR DA , RIBEIRO LEONARDO SILVA , SOUZA GIOVANA MESTRINER DE
Published: October 2023

RESUMO Partindo-se da perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais e tendo como eixos as análises de poder e de gênero existentes no contexto do Futebol de Mulheres, o presente artigo teve por objetivo analisar os currículos atuantes em exibições de jogos do futebol profissional praticado por mulheres. Foram observadas exibições de jogos da primeira fase do Campeonato Brasileiro Feminino A1 em um recorte do artefato cultural compreendido por um canal, na plataforma YouTube, criado em 2013 e tendo por tema central de seu conteúdo o futebol. Caracterizada como uma pesquisa de campo exploratória de abordagem qualitativa, realizaram-se análises do recorte do artefato em que se observaram com maior destaque três aspectos do currículo ali presente: uma comparação entre o futebol delas com o dos homens, a valorização do Futebol de Mulheres e um desmerecimento dessa prática e das mulheres ali presentes. Esses aspectos integram a Pedagogia da Transmissão do Futebol de Mulheres, na maneira como ela se apresenta no contexto de ensino-aprendizagem que compôs o recorte do artefato nesse estudo.
PEDAGOGY OF BROADCAST OF WOMEN'S SOCCER
Authors: PEIXOTO ALINI SILVA , ROSA MARCELO VICTOR DA , RIBEIRO LEONARDO SILVA , SOUZA GIOVANA MESTRINER DE
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Starting from the Cultural Studies perspective and having as axes the analyzes of power and gender that exist in the context of Women's Soccer, this article aimed to analyze the curriculum operating in exhibitions of professional soccer games played by women. Exhibition soccer matches from the first phase of the Brazilian women's soccer championship A1 were observed, in a cut of the cultural artifact comprised by a YouTube channel, created in 2013, with soccer as the central subject of its content. Characterized as exploratory field research with a qualitative approach, analyses of the artifact's cut were carried out, in which three aspects of the curriculum present were more prominently observed: a parallel between women’s and men's soccer, the appreciation of women’s soccer and a discrediting of this practice and the women present there. These aspects are part of the Pedagogy of Transmission of Women's Soccer, in the way it is presented in the teaching-learning context that composed the cut of the artifact in this study2.
Self-Regulation for Reading Comprehension: Assessment of Strategies and Time Management
Authors: Ferraz Adriana Satico , Santos Acácia Aparecida Angeli dos , Noronha Ana Paula Porto
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT Self-regulation of learning strategies and time management can foster reading comprehension. This research investigated the content validity of three scales aimed at Middle School students: the Reading Strategies (EE-CL), the Time Planning and Organization (EOT-L), and the Procrastination (EP-L). Three researchers and 16 students evaluated the scales. The theoretical and practical relevance of the EE-CL and EOT-L was verified, but not of the EP-L, whose remaining items were included in the EOT-L. In the internal structure investigation (N= 522 students), the EE-CL presented a unifactorial structure and the EOT-L, two factors, with reasonable reliability estimates. Both scales may help identify specific problems of students' self-regulation aimed at strategies and time management for reading comprehension and support further research.