bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SMSYNTH: AN IMAGERY SYNTHESIS SYSTEM FOR SOIL MOISTURE RETRIEVAL
Authors: Cao Y. , Xu L. , Peng J.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Soil moisture (SM) is a important variable in various research areas, such as weather and climate forecasting, agriculture, drought and flood monitoring and prediction, and human health. An ongoing challenge in estimating SM via synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is the development of the retrieval SM methods, especially the empirical models needs as training samples a lot of measurements of SM and soil roughness parameters which are very difficult to acquire. As such, it is difficult to develop empirical models using realistic SAR imagery and it is necessary to develop methods to synthesis SAR imagery. To tackle this issue, a SAR imagery synthesis system based on the SM named SMSynth is presented, which can simulate radar signals that are realistic as far as possible to the real SAR imagery. In SMSynth, SAR backscatter coefficients for each soil type are simulated via the Oh model under the Bayesian framework, where the spatial correlation is modeled by the Markov random field (MRF) model. The backscattering coefficients simulated based on the designed soil parameters and sensor parameters are added into the Bayesian framework through the data likelihood where the soil parameters and sensor parameters are set as realistic as possible to the circumstances on the ground and in the validity range of the Oh model. In this way, a complete and coherent Bayesian probabilistic framework is established. Experimental results show that SMSynth is capable of generating realistic SAR images that suit the needs of a large amount of training samples of empirical models.
Characterizing severe weather potential in synoptically weakly forced thunderstorm environments
Authors: Miller Paul W. , Mote Thomas L.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Weakly forced thunderstorms (WFTs), short-lived convection forming in synoptically quiescent regimes, are a contemporary
forecasting challenge. The convective environments that support severe WFTs are often similar to those that yield only
non-severe WFTs and, additionally, only a small proportion of individual WFTs will ultimately produce severe weather. The
purpose of this study is to better characterize the relative severe weather potential in these settings as a function of
the convective environment. Thirty-one near-storm convective parameters for > 200 000 WFTs in the Southeastern United
States are calculated from a high-resolution numerical forecasting model, the Rapid Refresh (RAP). For each parameter, the
relative odds of WFT days with at least one severe weather event is assessed along a moving threshold. Parameters (and the
values of them) that reliably separate severe-weather-supporting from non-severe WFT days are highlighted. Only two convective parameters, vertical totals (VTs) and total totals (TTs), appreciably differentiate
severe-wind-supporting and severe-hail-supporting days from non-severe WFT days. When VTs exceeded values between
24.6 and 25.1 ∘C or TTs between 46.5 and 47.3 ∘C, odds of severe-wind days were roughly
5× greater. Meanwhile, odds of severe-hail days became roughly 10× greater when VTs exceeded
24.4–26.0 ∘C or TTs exceeded 46.3–49.2 ∘C. The stronger performance of VT and TT is
partly attributed to the more accurate representation of these parameters in the numerical model. Under-reporting of
severe weather and model error are posited to exacerbate the forecasting challenge by obscuring the subtle convective
environmental differences enhancing storm severity.
Nonlinear analysis of the occurrence of hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea
Authors: Rojo-Garibaldi Berenice , Salas-de-León David Alberto , Monreal-Gómez María Adela , Sánchez-Santillán Norma Leticia , Salas-Monreal David
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Hurricanes are complex systems that carry large amounts of energy. Their
impact often produces natural disasters involving the loss of human lives and
materials, such as infrastructure, valued at billions of US dollars. However,
not everything about hurricanes is negative, as hurricanes are the main
source of rainwater for the regions where they develop. This study shows a
nonlinear analysis of the time series of the occurrence of hurricanes in the
Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea obtained from 1749 to 2012. The
construction of the hurricane time series was carried out based on the
hurricane database of the North Atlantic basin hurricane database (HURDAT)
and the published historical information. The hurricane time series provides
a unique historical record on information about ocean–atmosphere
interactions. The Lyapunov exponent indicated that the system presented
chaotic dynamics, and the spectral analysis and nonlinear analyses of the
time series of the hurricanes showed chaotic edge behavior. One possible
explanation for this chaotic edge is the individual chaotic behavior of
hurricanes, either by category or individually regardless of their category
and their behavior on a regular basis.
A review of laboratory and numerical modelling in volcanology
Authors: Kavanagh Janine L. , Engwell Samantha L. , Martin Simon A.
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Modelling has been used in the study of volcanic systems for more than 100 years, building upon the approach first applied by Sir James Hall in 1815. Informed by observations of volcanological phenomena in nature, including eye-witness accounts of eruptions, geophysical or geodetic monitoring of active volcanoes, and geological analysis of ancient deposits, laboratory and numerical models have been used to describe and quantify volcanic and magmatic processes that span orders of magnitudes of time and space. We review the use of laboratory and numerical modelling in volcanological research, focussing on sub-surface and eruptive processes including the accretion and evolution of magma chambers, the propagation of sheet intrusions, the development of volcanic flows (lava flows, pyroclastic density currents, and lahars), volcanic plume formation, and ash dispersal. When first introduced into volcanology, laboratory experiments and numerical simulations marked a transition in approach from broadly qualitative to increasingly quantitative research. These methods are now widely used in volcanology to describe the physical and chemical behaviours that govern volcanic and magmatic systems. Creating simplified models of highly dynamical systems enables volcanologists to simulate and potentially predict the nature and impact of future eruptions. These tools have provided significant insights into many aspects of the volcanic plumbing system and eruptive processes. The largest scientific advances in volcanology have come from a multidisciplinary approach, applying developments in diverse fields such as engineering and computer science to study magmatic and volcanic phenomena. A global effort in the integration of laboratory and numerical volcano modelling is now required to tackle key problems in volcanology and points towards the importance of benchmarking exercises and the need for protocols to be developed so that models are routinely tested against real world data.
SEPSISCARE: AVALIAÇÃO DE APLICATIVO MÓVEL NO CUIDADO DE ENFERMAGEM AO PACIENTE COM SEPSE*
Authors: Domingos Mello Geyza Regina , Lorenzini Erdmann Alacoque , Lima Pestana Magalhães Aline
Published: April 2018

Objetivo: Avaliar um aplicativo móvel para a prevenção, identificação e cuidados de enfermagem ao paciente séptico. Método: Estudo descritivo que utilizou o Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produtos como método para desenvolvimento do aplicativo. Participaram do estudo seis enfermeiras da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital público de Santa Catarina. A coleta dos dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas nos meses de setembro de 2016 a janeiro de 2017, e utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo para análise dos dados. Resultado: O aplicativo SepsisCare foi desenvolvido na plataforma Mobincube®, com 28 telas, que na concepção dos enfermeiros é um recurso importante para a prática do enfermeiro no cuidado ao paciente com sepse. Conclusão: Acredita-se que o desenvolvimento deste aplicativo móvel facilitará a identificação, prevenção e gerência dos cuidados em torno da sepse, e contribuirá para a atualização desses profissionais, possibilitando, assim, um atendimento mais seguro e de qualidade.
TENDÊNCIA TEMPORAL DA MORTALIDADE POR SUICÍDIO NO ESTADO DA BAHIA
Authors: Carmo Érica Assunção , Ribeiro Bárbara Santos , Nery Adriana Alves , Casotti Cezar Augusto
Published: April 2018

Objetivou-se analisar a tendência temporal da mortalidade por suicídio no Estado da Bahia, segundo sexo e faixa etária, no período de 1996 a 2013.  Estudo de série temporal realizado com dados obtidos do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade. Realizou-se a análise de tendência por meio da regressão de Prais-Winsten. Identificou-se 5.693 óbitos por suicídio na Bahia, dos quais 81,4% eram homens e 46,0% do grupo etário de 20 a 39 anos. Quanto ao meio utilizado, 58,6% foram decorrentes de lesões autoprovocadas por enforcamento/estrangulamento, seguidas pela autointoxicação por pesticidas e produtos químicos (15,9%). Verificou-se tendência crescente para o coeficiente de mortalidade por suicídio no Estado, para ambos os sexos, e para os grupos etários de 20 a 39 anos, 40 a 59 anos e de 60 anos ou mais. Constatou-se que o suicídio na Bahia predomina entre homens jovens, com tendência crescente para o coeficiente total e nos diferentes grupos populacionais.
SEPARAÇÃO DA MULHER E SEU ACOMPANHANTE NO NASCIMENTO POR CESÁREA: UMA VIOLAÇÃO DE DIREITO
Authors: Almeida Adaiana Fátima , Brüggemann Odaléa Maria , Costa Roberta , Jungues Carolina Frescura
Published: April 2018

Resumo: Objetivou-se desvelar a experiência da mulher e seu acompanhante que tiveram o direito de compartilhar o nascimento de seu filho violado. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratório-descritiva. Foram entrevistadas 13 puérperas e seus companheiros, de janeiro a julho de 2016. A análise se deu através da análise de conteúdo com o auxílio do software Atlas.ti 7.0. São apresentados em três categorias:  Experiência da mulher em não ter acompanhante na sala cirúrgica; Experiência do acompanhante em aguardar o nascimento sozinho; e o Poder dos profissionais de saúde sobre a cena do nascimento. O estudo evidenciou que os sentimentos negativos estiveram presentes na sala cirúrgica, a mulher sentiu-se desamparada sem a presença de seu acompanhante. O companheiro sentiu-se decepcionado por não vivenciarem o nascimento do filho. O principal fator para essa separação foi a atitude dos profissionais de saúde que ainda impedem a presença do acompanhante na sala cirúrgica.
Understory effect on tree and cork growth in cork oak woodlands
Authors: Faias Sonia P. , Paulo Joana A. , Palma João H. N. , Tomé Margarida
Published: April 2018

Aim of study: Cork oak is one of the main forest tree species in Portugal that typically occurs in montado, where operational practices oriented to the tree, crop or animal management may influence several of the ecosystem components. This study aimed at contributing to fulfil the a lack of knowledge on the effect of these practices on the cork and wood growth, by comparing the wood diameter growth and the annual cork increment under two different understory management options.Material and methods: An experimental trial implemented on an uneven-aged cork oak pure stand during a cork rotation period of 9 years, was established with the specific goal of comparing understory management options: a yellow lupine pasture versus spontaneous vegetation. Cork samples were taken at the beginning and end of the period and were used to measure cork thickness and annual cork rings. The differences between treatments were assessed performing a non-parametric test and a more robust approach using linear mixed model. Precipitation and treatment levels were jointly considered on the analysis.Main results: A slight effect was found on the cork thickness regarding the treatment with lupine application. However, no distinct effect was found, regarding wood and the annual cork increment pattern. Additionally, annual cork ring width showed a positive correlation with precipitation and a negative correlation with ring age.Research highlights: The results of this study indicate no distinct pattern regarding the annual cork and wood increment when comparing the understory effect of yellow lupine pasture versus spontaneous vegetation.
Exploring Factors Influencing Satisfaction of the University Students Who Work as Private Tutors
Authors: Imtiaz Asif
Published: April 2018

Private Supplementary Tutoring (PST) have attracted enormous attention in recent days. Bangladesh experiences both forms of PST – formal and informal. There is a considerable amount of research based on the demand-side of PST. The tutors, who are the suppliers of PST in the market, are the center of attention in this paper. The forces that affect the satisfaction of a tutor from providing tuition have been investigated here through factor analysis and stepwise regression. Analyzing a set of tutors from University of Dhaka, tutoring environment and financial independence are found to have a positive relationship with the satisfaction level of a tutor.  Transportation costs as well as disadvantageous factors of tutoring as in wasting productive time, hampering academic results, lack of recreation pull the level of satisfaction down. Tutors are thought to be self-concentrated since result and improvement of the tutees are absent from the formulation of their satisfaction. Driving a wedge of fellow feeling between tutors and tutees will enhance the quality of education.
The Effect of Facebook Activities on Enhancing Oral Communication Skills for EFL Learners
Authors: AlSaleem Basmah Issa
Published: April 2018

This study investigated the effect of utilizing Facebook activities on enhancing oral communication skills for English as Foreign Language learners (EFL) in the English Department at Yarmouk University, Jordan. Participants of the study were first year English Language Bachelor degree students who speak English as a foreign language. The researcher hypothesized that if these learners practiced Facebook activities, their oral communication skills may be improved. For answering questions of the study, the researcher designed a pre-post oral communication skills test to determine the participants’ mastery of oral communication skills. Furthermore, she uploaded the activities on a Facebook account that were made available for all the participants of the study. Results revealed that the suggested Facebook activities were effective on improving participants’ oral communication skills. Then the study recommended that Facebook activities may be utilizing on improving other skills such as speaking and listening or even English language pronunciation.
Trace Minerals, Physicochemical and Phytochemical Composition of Locally Prepared Beverages (Kunu and Sobo) Commonly Consumed by Tertiary Institution Students in Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: Iyabo Ojo Olabimpe , O. Oyarekua Mojisola , Olufemi Jegede Rufus
Published: April 2018

Trace minerals, physicochemical and phytochemical composition were determined in locally prepared kunu and sobo commonly consumed by students of tertiary institutions in Ekiti State. Determination of pH and total solid was achieved by official method prescribed by Association of Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Trace minerals were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) while determination of vitamin C was achieved by oxidation-reduction methods using standard 2,6- Dichloro indo phenol (DCP). Result revealed that pH of the samples ranged from 5.26 in sobo to 6.02 in kunu with an average value of 5.64. Total solid ranged from 0.62% in sobo to 7.25% in kunu. Toxic minerals concentrations of Ni, Pb and Cd with values 0.14, 0.19 and 0.05 respectively were observed in sobo while 0.13, 0.01 and 0.04 were observed in kunu, all in parts per million respectively. All the values were within the permissible limits as set by FAO/WHO guidelines for food standard. Co and Cr were not detected in them. Vitamin C contents for sobo and kunu are 5.26 and 6.02 all in mg 100g respectively. The result when compared with the USDA (SR21) database shows that the two samples studied provided less adequate vitamin C content than their natural counterpart, but could serve as anticarcinogenic and antimuitagenic agents for human due to the presence of phytochemicals like phenolics, tannin and flavonoids in them.
Generating Cluster Formulas Using The Primary Clusters And The K(n) Parameters
Authors: Kiremire Enos Masheija Rwantale
Published: April 2018

The formulas of transition metal clusters can be regarded as multiples of their respective PRIMARY CLUSTERS  and K(n) parameters. A primary cluster of a transition metal skeletal element can be defined as that  cluster of a mono-skeletal element which obeys the 18 electron rule. Such clusters, among others include, Cr(CO)6, Fe(CO)5, Ni(CO)4, and Zn(CO)3 and the respective K values of the skeletal elements are 6, 5, 4 and 3. The selected K(n) series are given and the derived hypothetical golden clusters are given as examples for illustrations. Selected known golden clusters are also found to be multiples of K(n) parameters and the 18 valence fragment cluster, AuL3.5. The graphical representations of a few selected examples of golden clusters are given.
China’s Financial Market Risk: Macroeconomic Response and Crisis Warning
Authors: Zhu Sha
Published: April 2018

Financial stress index (FSI), as a financial risk measure, can timely reflect the risk of China’s financial market with early warning function and forecasting ability. First of all, referring to the IMF index system, this paper constructs the pressure indicators of China’s financial market, and then establishes the impulse response function of VAR (2,2) model with the main macroeconomic variables to analyze the impact of the FSI index on China’s macroeconomic. The research conclusion shows that the financial stress index constructed in this paper has a lasting negative impact on China’s major macroeconomic variables. At the same time, FSI can objectively and timely reflect the crisis warning of financial risk, and can also well correspond to the real economic and financial events that have happened already.
Explaining Lord's Paradox in Introductory Statistical Theory Courses
Authors: Kim Steven B.
Published: April 2018

When two groups are compared in a pre-post study, two different conclusions can be drawn between the two-sample t-test and the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). It is known as Lord's Paradox, and it occurs because the parameter in the two-sample t-test and the parameter of interest in the ANCOVA model are not the same quantity. The difference between the two parameters can be explained by the covariance of linearly combined random variables which is an important topic in introductory statistical theory courses. Lord's paradox is frequently observed in practice, and it is very important for students (future researchers) to have clear understanding of the paradox. The objective of this article is to explain Lord's Paradox using the covariance of linearly combined random variables. The paradox is explained using three scenarios in the context of educational research. The first scenario is when the average baseline (pre-score) is greater in the treatment group than the control group, the second scenario is when the average baseline is lower in the treatment group than the control group, and the third scenario is when the average baseline is same between the two groups by randomization. This article is written at the level of introductory statistical theory courses for undergraduate and graduate statistics students to help understanding the difference between the parameter of interest in the two-sample t-test and the parameter of interest in the ANCOVA model.
Restorative justice and criminal justice: limits and possibilities for Brazil and Latin America
Authors: Pereira de Andrade Vera Regina
Published: April 2018

Restorative justice and criminal justice: limits and possibilities for Brazil and Latin America

This article is based on the 2017 RJIJ annual lecture and seeks to examine the development of the restorative justice movement within the judiciary in Brazil (‘judicial restorative justice’) in the last decade or so (2005-2017). The focus is on its relation to penal justice, listing the main possibilities and challenges in the Latin American context. The main question I wish to address is how does restorative justice, being led by the judiciary in Brazil, look like? When, where, how and under which theoretical and methodological angles is it being developed? What are the human and material resources being used? How can the relationship between restorative justice and the current Brazilian criminal justice system be understood? My hypothesis is that judicial restorative justice in Brazil is going through a process of expansion and development, framing a paradigm that is under construction and in which, despite the possibilities of challenging and transforming the current justice system, it has been nevertheless colonised by this same justice system. Therefore, restorative justice is being left to deal with low-level crimes and facing structural and conjectural limits to the concretisation of its objectives. In addition, the field in Brazil is hit by a structural lack of dialogue with other Latin American countries, which results in a mutual impoverishment of sorts, as the ‘restorativism’ currently experienced, hither and thither, is heated up by the intersection of emancipatory principles and values.
South African female offenders’ experiences of the Sycamore Tree Project with strength-based activities
Authors: Fourie Mariëtte Emmerentia , Koen Vicki
Published: April 2018

South African female offenders’ experiences of the Sycamore Tree Project with strength-based activities

The aim of this study is to explore South African female offenders’ experiences of the Sycamore Tree Project (STP) with strength-based activities. A qualitative, explorative-descriptive research design was applied. The sample included nineteen female offenders who were purposively sampled. Data were collected through the world café method and thematically analysed. The results identify four main themes, namely experiences of STP with strength-based activities, new discoveries as a result of participation in the STP with strength-based activities, experiences of strength-based activities and recommendations regarding the STP with strength-based activities.
AN APPLICATION CONCEPT OF THE FIBRE-OPTICAL
TECHNOLOGY IN GEODETIC MONITORING
OF ENGINEERING OBJECTS
Authors: Karsznia Krzysztof , Podawca Konrad
Published: April 2018

Monitoring of structures and other different field objects undoubtedly belongs
to the main issues of modern engineering. The use of technologies
making it possible to implement structural monitoring makes it possible to
build an integrated risk management approach combining instrumental solutions
with geoinformation systems. In the studies of engineering structures,
there is physical monitoring mainly used for examining the physical
state of the object - so-called SHM ("Structural Health Monitoring"). However,
very important role is also played by geodetic monitoring systems
(GMS). The progress observed in the field of IT and automatics has opened
new possibilities of using integrated systems on other, often large-scale objects.
Based on the current state-of-the-art, the article presents the concept
of integration approaches of physical and geodetic monitoring systems in
order to develop useful guidelines for further construction of an expert risk
management system.
FOTODEGRADATION OF LOW MASS MOLECULE PAHS IN FENTON PROCESS
Authors: Kozak Jolanta , Włodarczyk-Makuła Maria
Published: April 2018

Nowadays, the attention of many researchers and scientists is focused on wastewater treatment technologies which are designed to remove toxic and/or persistant compounds. PAHs belong to this type of compounds. Studies have shown that advanced oxidation processes (AOP-advanced oxidation processes) can be used for PAHs degradation. One of the AOP methods is oxidation using Fenton's reagent (Fe2 + / H2O2). The aim of this modification is a search for alternative sources of hydroxyl radicals than H2O2 and support that processes by UV light.. The aim of the study was to determine the efficiency of photocatalysis of low molecular weight PAHs in pretreated coking wastewater under Fenton reaction conditions. The source of hydroxyl radicals was calcium peroxide and the process was supported by UV radiation. The oxidation efficiency was assessed on the basis of PAH analyzes in the pre-and post-oxidation samples. Qualitative and quantitative identification of PAHs was carried out using gas chromatography in combination with GC-MS mass spectrometry. The decrease in the concentration of the analyzed carbohydrates was in the range of 17 to 96%. Studies have shown that calcium peroxide can be an alternative source of hydroxyl radicals for the PAH degradation present in coke wastwater.
CHARACTERISTIC OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM IN BABIMOST
Authors: Ogiołda Ewa , Nowogoński Ireneusz , Adam Roksana
Published: April 2018

In this paper characteristic of water supply system in Babimost, lubuskie province, was presented. Network of 22,9 km length supply about 4000 inhabitants. Model of system was prepared using EPANET software and calculation of parameters for different water demands was carried out. Results made possible to choose the best variant, to come to conclusions concerning exploitation and further analysis.
INVESTMENTS ON PROTECTED AREAS ON THE EXAMPLE
OF BIEBRZA NATIONAL PARK
Authors: Gołębiewska Barbara , Stefańczyk Joanna
Published: April 2018

The study discusses the issue of assessment of investment projects planned in environmentally valuable areas. The study area was Biebrza National Park. The source of data was the available literature on the subject, as well as information contained in the Chronicles of Biebrza National Park of year 2015 and 2016. An interview with the park authorities was also conducted. Analyses were developed and conclusions were drawn with regard to investments in the park area. The types of investment projects implemented were specified, as well as the share of these projects in communes located within the park area in relation to the number of inhabitants. It was found that investment projects implemented in the areas protected as a part of the national park were investments in farm buildings, animal houses and – most of all – residential buildings.
APPLE EXPORT FROM POLAND IN THE YEARS 1995-2015
Authors: Kraciński Paweł
Published: April 2018

The aim of the research was to determine the factor affecting the volume of apple export from Poland in the years 1995-2015. The studies used a linear regression model. Research has shown that the most important factors determining the volume of apple exports from Poland were: the volume of Russian apple import, apples harvest in Poland, the exchange rate of PLN/USD and producer prices in the previous year. The increase in import demand for apples in Russia by 1 thousand tons caused, on average, a rise in export from Poland by 585 tons. The increase in apple harvest in Poland by 1 thousand tons resulted in an increase in export by 292 tons. The zloty depreciation and higher producer prices in previous years also had a positive impact on the volume of apple export from Poland.
WAGES OF HIRED LABOR IN FARMS OF POLISH FADN ACCORDING TO THE ECONOMIC SIZE IN THE YEARS 2010-2016
Authors: Mikołajczyk Jarosław , Sroka Wojciech
Published: April 2018

The aim of this paper was an assessment of the size of potential wages of hired labor in commodity farms according to the economic size. The source of numerical data were results from farms of Polish FADN and the data from GUS. The given results show the marginal involvement of external labor force in farms which are economically very small, small and average small. What is more, the potential wages in these units were also kept at a low level. Over the years these wages were lower than the minimum wages in national economy, and moreover relations of potential wages in economically small farms to the ones offered in the other sectors of national economy were deteriorating. The highest wages of hired labor were visible in economically large farms. The value of the wages paid by owners of these farms was similar to the average wage in economy, which in turn contributes to the fact that hired laborers begin to see these entities as financially attractive employers.
ECONOMIC SUBSTANTIATION OF HERBICIDES AND BIOSTIMULANTS APPLICATION
IN EDIBLE POTATOes
Authors: Zarzecka Krystyna , Gugała Marek , Głuszczak Bożena , Mystkowska Iwona
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study was determine of profitability of edible potato in the conditions an application
of herbicides and biostimulants. The research material was potato tubers cv. ‘Bartek’ derived from the
three-year yield experiment. Mechanical and chemical treatment for herbicides and biostimulants increased
total yield by 21.9% as compared to the control object. The gross margin ranged from 4883.4 PLN for
the control object mechanical weeding to 13086.8 PLN for object in which application herbicid Sencor
70 WG and biostimulant Asahi SL.
Specific mental disorder screening compilation may detect general mental disorders
Authors: Bolsoni Lívia Maria , Moscovici Leonardo , De Azevedo Marques João Mazzoncini , Zuardi Antonio Waldo
Published: April 2018

Objective: To evaluate whether a short compilation of screening tools for specific disorders could identify Mental or Emotional Disorders (MEDs) in the general population. Methods: We selected validated screening tools for the most prevalent MEDs. In order to be selected, these tools should maintain the psychometric properties of the complete instrument with a reduced number of items. These instruments were: Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2 (GAD-2), item 3 of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and three items on the Adolescent Psychotic-Like Symptom Screener (APSS-3). We called this compilation of screening tools Mini Screening for Mental Disorders (Mini-SMD). The study was divided in two phases. Firstly, 545 subjects were interviewed with the Mini-SMD and COOP/WONCA-Feelings at their residences. Subsequently, subjects who had agreed to participate (230) were reinterviewed with Mini-SMD, COOP/WONCA-Feelings and MINI interview. Test-retest reliability was calculated by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated for the analysis of discriminative validity. Concurrent validity was calculated by analyzing the correlation between Mini-SMD and COOP/WONCA-Feelings. Results: The joint administration of screening tools for specific disorders showed sensitivities that ranged from 0.76 to 0.88 and specificities from 0.67 to 0.85. The ICC value for the total score of Mini-SMD was 0.78. The area under the curve was 0.84, with a sensitivity of 0.74 and specificity of 0.76 (for a cutoff ≥ 4). Conclusion: This study showed that a short compilation of screening tools for specific disorders can detect MEDs in general population.
“Focusing” in Motivational Interviewing: development of a training tool for practitioners
Authors: Gobat Nina , Copeland Lauren , Cannings-John Rebecca , Robling Michael , Carpenter Judith , Cowley Laura , Williams Denitza , Sanders Julia , Paranjothy Shantini , Moyers Theresa
Published: April 2018

Rationale, aims and objectives: Motivational Interviewing (MI) is an individual-level approach to behaviour change that has been evaluated in over 600 randomised clinical trials across multiple settings. Increasingly, research efforts focus on how MI works and how it can best be integrated into public health and clinical programmes. As the application of MI expands, a key integration challenge involves specifying the focus of a conversation such that a practitioner might ignite and intensify a patient’s internal motivation for change related to that focus. At present, this challenge is poorly conceptualised. We aimed to clarify the construct of “focusing” and to develop a practical tool that can be used to develop and assess practitioner competence.Method: First we reviewed validated MI measures to elucidate current conceptualisations of focusing. Second, we identified practitioner speech acts that led to topic transitions. We then drafted the first version of MIFI. A gold standard rater, together with one expert MI and 3 non-expert MI raters, each used MIFI to coded 20 audio recordings from a feasibility study of MI and breastfeeding maintenance (n=170 observations). Internal consistency and inter-rater reliability analyses were conducted.Results: Published MI measures include ‘focusing’ as a strategy to agree a target change or to hold attention on that change target. We observed practitioners create or shift focus using 4 skills: questions, listening statements, giving information or meta-statements. Moderate to strong correlations were demonstrated between 4 of 5 global measures on the MIFI. Reliability estimates were good to excellent overall (5 coder ICCs>0.65), fair to excellent for the non-expert coding group (ICCs>0.55) and for the best coding pair (MI expert and non-expert ICCs >0.52).Conclusion: We offer conceptual clarity about focusing in MI and have developed a tool to train practitioners in “focusing” when integrating MI into healthcare and public health interventions.
Socialist-Feminist Transitions and Visions
Authors: Ferguson Ann ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: April 2018

Socialism from a feminist perspective is not an all or nothing blueprint, but rather a vision of degrees of power/freedom that people in a particular society have in economic, political, social and personal relations. Examples are discussed of societies which are more or less socialist in their class, racial/ethnic, and gender equality, power and freedom. Historical changes in affective economic relations of care, love and affection inform such class, race/ethnic, gender and sexual differences. Three types of transitional strategies are relevant for social movements working toward socialism.
L’examen de l’article 37 de la Convention relative aux droits de l’enfant et des règles et principes des Nations Unies relatifs à la privation des libertés des enfants en conflit avec la loi
Authors: Barry Thierno Souleymane
Published: April 2018

La lecture de l’article 37 de la Convention relative aux droits de l’enfant permet d’affirmer que l’enfant est protégé contre la torture et autres traitements cruels, inhumains et dégradants et est exempt de condamnation à la peine capitale et d’emprisonnement à vie sans possibilité de libération (art. 37.a), qu’il ne peut faire l’objet de privation illégale de liberté et que cette privation ne peut intervenir qu’en dernier ressort et de manière brève (art. 37.b), qu’en cas de privation de liberté, qu’il doit être traité avec dignité et séparé des adultes (art. 37.c) et qu’enfin, il doit bénéficier d’une assistance juridique et la garantie d’un procès équitable et rapide (art. 37. d). Ces principes rencontrent les règles énoncées par les Nations unies : Règles de Beijing sur la justice des mineurs (1985), Principes de Riad sur la prévention de la délinquance juvénile (1990), Règles de La Havane sur la protection des mineurs privés de libertés (1990), Règles de Tokyo sur les mesures non privatives de libertés (1990).

En posant les principes d’exceptionnalité de la privation de liberté, de séparation des enfants et des adultes, de célérité de traitement, d’assistance juridique et de participation de l’enfant en conflit avec la loi, l’article 37 de la Convention relative aux droits de l’enfant et l’ensemble des corpus de règles et de principes des Nations Unies en la matière établissent un cadre de mise en oeuvre des droits de l’enfant privés de liberté compatible avec une approche des droits de l’enfant. Cependant, de plus en plus, pour juguler la délinquance juvénile, on constate un appel au durcissement des règles concernant le traitement des enfants en conflit avec la loi de la part des États et ce, en dépit d’un plaidoyer constant pour des mesures alternatives à la privation de la liberté des enfants en provenance des ONG et des comités onusiens.

Dans la présente étude, en faisant usage d’une approche basée sur les droits de l’enfant et en recourant aux dispositifs légaux, à la pratique des États et à la jurisprudence du Comité des droits de l’enfant, nous nous proposons d’analyser le contenu de l’article 37 de la Convention relative aux droits de l’enfant en lien avec les Règles et Principes des Nations Unies y afférant, d’évaluer la pratique des États et d’explorer les mesures alternatives relatives à la privation de la liberté des enfants en conflit avec la loi.
La participation de l’enfant à la justice juvénile : les apports de l’approche restauratrice à l’épreuve des politiques pénales
Authors: Crégut Fabrice , Gauthiez Jeanne
Published: April 2018

Cet article part du constat de l’inefficacité des sanctions punitives appliquées aux enfants ayant commis des infractions et de leurs conséquences négatives quant à leur responsabilisation et leur développement. Il propose, à l’aide de l’approche restauratrice, de responsabiliser davantage l’enfant en conflit avec la loi à travers sa participation active au processus judiciaire. Participation qui permettrait ainsi la manifestation de ses intérêts, en accord avec les directives du droit international, et lui éviterait les séquelles que peut causer un système de justice répressif. En premier lieu, un rappel historique évoque le monopole de l’État en matière de justice pénale, réaffirme l’importance de l’existence d’une justice différenciée pour les mineurs et met en lumière les limites du droit international. Dans un second temps, l’émergence et les apports de l’approche restauratrice sont abordés, avant de s’intéresser à leur application dans un cadre de justice juvénile, et aux avantages d’une participation de l’enfant.
A Procedure for Managing Conflict of Interest When Forming Thesis Juries
Authors: Williams-Jones Bryn
Published: April 2018

Conflicts of interest in thesis juries, when not identified and appropriately managed, can lead to an uncritical and unfair evaluations that can then undermine trust in the process and threaten academic credibility and institutional reputation. This Commentary presents and justifies the choices made in developing a practical procedure to identify and manage conflicts of interest in the formation of Masters and PhD juries in the School of Public Health (ÉSPUM) at the University of Montreal.
Des enjeux éthiques liés à l’utilisation des données de recherches en collaboration internationale
Authors: Ridde Valéry
Published: April 2018

Cette étude de cas en santé mondiale met au jour les enjeux éthiques associés à l’utilisation des données de recherche collectées dans le cadre d’une collaboration internationale ayant recours à des assistants de recherche.
Selection of quality indicators for nutritional therapy in pediatrics: a cross-sectional study conducted in Brazil
Authors: Bertoldi Julia , Ferreira Aline , Scancetti Luiza , Padilha Patricia
Published: April 2018

Background

Quality indicators for nutritional therapy (QINT) are important in assessing care and monitoring of resources. Among the 30 indicators proposed by International Life Sciences Institute, Brazil, there is still no evaluation of the most pertinent for Pediatrics.

Objective

To list the 10 main quality indicators for nutritional therapies (QINTs) for Pediatrics.

Methods

This was a two-phase cross-sectional study. Firstly, a questionnaire was answered by physicians, nutritionists, nurses, and pharmacists, all with having experience in nutritional therapy (NT) with Pediatrics, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Participants assessed four attributes of QINT by using the Likert scale. A Top 10 ranked QINT list for Pediatrics was established. To verify the consistency of the questionnaire, Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient was calculated. Secondly, the opinions of the participants on the results that were obtained were requested and the percentages of the positive responses were calculated.

Results

A total of 33 professionals participated in the first phase and 92% (n= 23 of 25) in the second phase approved the results of the selected indicators. Among the Top 10 QINTs, the three main ones were: #1: “Frequency of diarrhea in those patients on enteral nutrition” (mean = 13.194; α = 0.827); #2: “Frequency of dietary nutritional prescriptions upon the hospital discharge of the NT patients” (mean = 12.871; α = 0.822); #3: “Frequency of the NT patients who recovered their oral intake” (mean = 12.839; α = 0.859).

Conclusion

When considering the consistency and the concordance that were obtained, it can be suggested that the list of Top 10 QINTs as proposed in this study will help in the evaluation of NT quality indicators for Pediatrics.
Are lower levels of physical activity and self-rated fitness associated with higher levels of psychological distress in Croatian young adults? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Štefan Lovro , Sporiš Goran , Krističević Tomislav
Published: April 2018

Background

Although previous evidence has shown that physical activity and physical fitness lower the level of psychological distress, little is known of simultaneous associations between of physical activity and physical fitness and with psychological distress, especially in young adults. Therefore, the main purpose of the present study was to explore both separate and simultaneous association between physical activity and physical fitness with psychological distress.

Methods

Participants in this cross-sectional study were 2,100 university students (1,041 men and 1,059 women) chosen from eight faculties in the city of Zagreb. Physical activity, physical fitness and psychological distress were assessed using structured questionnaires. The associations were examined using logistic regression analysis.

Results

After adjusting for gender, body-mass index, self-rated health, material status, binge drinking, chronic disease/s and sleep quality, “insufficient” physical activity (OR = 2.60; 95% CI [1.92–3.52]) and “lower” levels of physical fitness (tertile 2; OR = 1.94; 95% CI [1.25–3.01] and tertile 1; OR = 2.59; 95% CI [1.65–4.08]) remained associated with “high” psychological distress. When physical activity and physical fitness were entered simultaneously into the model, “insufficient” physical activity (OR = 2.35; 95% CI [1.72–3.21]) and “lower” levels of physical fitness (tertile 2; OR = 1.77; 95% CI [1.24–2.77] and tertile 1; OR = 2.00; 95% CI [1.26–3.20]) remained associated with “high” psychological distress.

Conclusion

Our study shows that both “insufficient” physical activity and “lower” levels of physical fitness are associated with “high” psychological distress, even after adjusting for numerous covariates. Therefore, special policies aiming to increase the levels of physical activity and fitness are warranted.
Chega de saudade
Authors: Louro Guacira Lopes
Published: April 2018

O filme Chega de saudade, (Laís Bodanski, Brasil, 2008) é utilizado neste artigo como suporte para uma análise de relações de gênero e sexualidade, jogos de poder, cumplicidades e disputas entre homens e mulheres. O filme permite observar construções específicas de masculinidade e feminilidade num determinado grupo etário e social do Brasil contemporâneo. Nessa análise, pretende-se que alguns conceitos recorrentes nos campos de estudos de gênero e sexualidade antes de serem meramente enunciados teóricos sejam ‘postos em funcionamento’. O texto inscreve-se num projeto mais amplo que compreende o cinema como importante instância pedagógica da contemporaneidade.
Uma experiência de aprendizagem mediada com adolescentes em uma escola pública de Salvador-Bahia
Authors: Oliveira Joanna Angélica Carneiro
Published: April 2018

Este trabalho procurou investigar em que medida uma experiência de mediação, em grupo, contribuiu para provocar desejos e alcançar mudanças na capacidade de aprender, em 12 adolescentes. Com a mediação intencional, visou-se identificar algumas disfunções cognitivas, desenvolver ou despertar a motivação intrínseca e as funções cognitivas subjacentes dos adolescentes. Os resultados mostraram a necessidade de mediação, realizada de forma integrada, na qual a escola e a família devem atuar em parceria, auxiliando os processos de aprendizagem dos adolescentes.
EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA E TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO - TICs: UMA APROXIMAÇÃO PARA A TRANSFORMAÇÃO?
Authors: Lisboa Mariana Mendonça , Ziegler Aline
Published: April 2018

Resenha da Tese. SILVA, Welington Araújo. As tecnologias da informação e da comunicação na organização do trabalho pedagógico na educação física escolar: possibilidades emancipatórias no ensino do esporte. Tese (Doutorado em Educação) – Universidade Federal da Bahia. Faculdade de Educação, Salvador, 2009.
Inclusão de alunos surdos: uma proposta de educação bilíngue em escola pública do município de Niterói/RJ
Authors: Luz Meireles Rosana Maria Do Prado
Published: April 2018

Este trabalho é resultado de pesquisa de mestrado/ UFF, realizada na Escola Municipal Paulo Freire, Niterói/RJ, tendo como objeto de estudo seu projeto de educação bilíngue/bicultural para alunos surdos, considerando os seguintes objetivos: Caracterizar o Projeto de Educação Bilíngue para alunos surdos na Escola Municipal Paulo Freire/Niterói no que se refere às concepções político-filosóficas para educação de alunos surdos; à organização pedagógica; às dinâmicas relacionais vividas no processo de inclusão e os desafios postos aos profissionais da escola na educação de alunos surdos; à centralidade da Língua Brasileira de Sinais/LIBRAS na aquisição, construção do conhecimento e na comunicação entre surdos e ouvintes. Foi adotada a teoria crítica como suporte teórico-metodológico, com ênfase no pensamento de Adorno quanto aos aspectos democráticos da educação, considerando a escola como lugar de reflexão e crítica às ações de dominação cultural, visando não permitir sua reprodução. Foi considerado o pensamento de Skliar quanto às singularidades da língua e cultura surda, assim como o bilingüismo, como opção teórico-metodológica de atendimento às demandas dos surdos e de sua formação com base na LIBRAS e língua portuguesa. Quanto ao material e procedimentos de coleta de dados, foram realizadas observações no cotidiano escolar; análise documental; aplicação de questionários e entrevista semi-estruturada, além da análise de documentos que fundamentam o projeto estudado. Os resultados revelaram tanto os desafios enfrentados pela escola como as conquistas em prol da educação democrática e inclusiva para alunos surdos, respeitando suas singularidades referentes à língua, identidade e cultura como fundamentais em sua formação.