bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sociodemographic and Work-Related Variables Affecting Achievement Motivation Among Professionally Active Nurses Under Study
Authors: Młynarska Katarzyna , Kamińska Magdalena Sylwia , Cybulska Anna Maria , Panczyk Mariusz , Kupcewicz Ewa , Grochans Elżbieta
Published: September 2024

Achievement motivation is a particular category of an employee’s motives towards professional development, and is associated with positive emotions in challenging task-oriented situations. Our objective was to determine the effect of selected sociodemographic and work-related variables on achievement motivation according to the Achievement Motivation Inventory (LMI) for professionally active nurses. The study included 830 Polish nurses. We have applied the diagnostic survey method, the questionnaire technique, using the LMI and the authors’ survey questionnaire. A statistically significant positive correlation was demonstrated between the respondents’ age and seniority and selected LMI scales. In terms of the effect of educational background on achievement motivation according to the LMI, it was concluded that there was a statistically significant difference at selected LMI levels. The study demonstrated the effect of sociodemographic variables (age and educational background of the nurses under study), as well as the effect of work-related variables (work experience, completed postgraduate training, and the work organization system) on achievement motivation according to the LMI in selected domains. There are statistically significant differences in achievement motivation among the nurses under study according to the LMI, depending on their knowledge of the EBNP issues during their education.
Absence of fibroin H sequences and a significant divergence in the putative fibroin L homolog in Neomicropteryx cornuta (Lepidoptera, Micropterigidae) silk.
Authors: Zurovec Michal , Imada Yume , Rouhova Lenka , Zurovcova Martina , Hradilova Miluse , Podlahova Sarka , Sehadova Hana
Published: September 2024

Micropterigidae is the sister group to all other Lepidoptera, providing important insights into the evolution of Lepidoptera. However, the gene and protein profiles of silk from Micropterigidae remain unidentified. We investigated the silk components of silk cocoons of the micropterigid species Neomicropterix cornuta. We characterized the silk glands and cocoons using light and electron microscopy, X-ray microtomography, and molecular techniques. Our results showed that the protein fibroin heavy chain (FibH) is absent in the silk of N. cornuta and that the putative homolog of fibroin light chain (FibL) is also absent or severely altered. This was confirmed by transcriptome and genome searches of the conserved regions in this species. The examination of the conserved synteny around the fibH genes in several Lepidoptera and Trichoptera showed that the genomic region containing this gene was absent in another micropterigid species, Micropterix aruncella. In contrast, we found putative orthologs of fibH and fibL in the transcripts of representatives of another distinct clade, Eriocraniidae. This study showed that the loss of FibH and the loss or severe divergence of FibL occurred specifically in the family Micropterigidae and revealed dynamic evolutionary changes in silk composition during the early evolution of Lepidoptera.
Risk Factors For Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Meta Analysis and Systemic review
Authors: Sun Chen , Li Xia
Published: September 2024

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prominent autoimmune disease highly linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). Previous research on the risk factors for APOs in SLE pregnancies has been limited by regional constraints or inadequate sample sizes. There is currently a dearth of comprehensive systemic reviews on this topic. To address these research gaps, we conducted a rigorous meta-analysis and systematic review to elucidate the risk factors for APOs in SLE pregnancies.
Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library systematically searched for articles on risk factors for APOs in SLE pregnancy from initiation to December 31, 2023. The pooled Odds Ratio (OR) was estimated using a random-effects or fixed-effects model for each investigated factor. Egger's P value was calculated to assess publication bias and heterogeneity was evaluated by the I2 test.
Results: 42 unique studies were enrolled. Patients with hypertension (OR, 5.23; 95% CI, 2.76–9.91), lupus nephritis (LN) (OR, 3.02; 95% CI, 2.10–4.34), high disease activity (OR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.39–4.50), low complements (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.39–2.72), antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)/positive antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) (OR, 7.93; 95% CI, 4.35–14.44) were at higher risk for APOs. The risk factors for preterm birth included LN (OR, 3.69; 95% CI, 2.31–5.89), hypertension (OR, 4.50; 95% CI, 1.86–10.87), disease flares (OR, 4.02; 95% CI, 2.24–7.19), disease activity (OR, 3.92; 95% CI, 2.52–6.10), preeclampsia/eclampsia (OR, 8.85;95% CI, 4.72–16.58), and APS (OR, 3.95; 95% CI, 2.20–7.07). The risk factors for pregnancy loss were APS/aPL (OR, 3.46; 95% CI, 2.44–4.91), low complements (OR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.08–6.27), disease flares (OR, 2.72; 95% CI, 1.36–5.46), LN (OR, 3.47; 95% CI, 1.74–6.89), hypertension (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.71–1.94), thrombocytopenia (OR, 8.85; 95% CI, 4.72–16.58), and disease activity (OR, 9.19; 95% CI). LN also predicted intrauterine growth restriction (OR, 3.51; 95% CI, 1.30–9.51) and low birth weight (OR, 5.55; 95% CI, 1.29–23.86).
Conclusions: This study identified risk factors for APOs in SLE pregnancies, enhancing clinician awareness and enabling early intervention for high-risk patients.
Gastroesophageal Reflux after Mckeown Esophagectomy with Embedded or Non- embedded Anastomosis: a Propensity Score Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Na , Wang Lei , Lai Yutian , Xia Qi , Tian Dong , Liu Zheng , Zhang Xiaolong , Hu Wei-peng , Yuan Pei-song , Zeng Yu , Wu Xianyu , Yang Wen , Hu Yang
Published: September 2024

Backgrounds: Gastroesophageal reflux lowers the quality of life (QoL) in patients with esophageal cancer after esophagectomy with gastric conduits. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux, dysphagia, and QoL among patients with esophageal cancer undergoing embedded and non-embedded anastomosis during Mckeown esophagectomy.
Materials and methods: Data from patients who underwent Mckeown esophagectomy for esophageal cancer from March 2022 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence of gastroesophageal reflux, dysphagia, and QoL were measured. We included 218 patients, including 155 patients undergoing non-embedded anastomosis (NA group) and 63 patients undergoing embedded anastomosis (EA group). Propensity score matching was used to provide a balanced cohort consisting of 63 paired cases. Patients’ demographics and clinical data were compared between the two arms.
Results: Before propensity score matching, there were no significant differences between the two arms in terms of sex, age, body mass index, or comorbidities. Neoadjuvant therapy was the only unbalanced variable. After propensity matching, baseline characteristics were all comparable between the two arms. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 1 (1.6%) patient in the embedded anastomosis arm and in 2 patients (3.2%) in the non-embedded anastomosis arm (P = 1.000). Forty-one (65.1%) patients in the non-embedded anastomosis arm and fifty-one (81%) patients in the embedded anastomosis arm slept in the supine position without reflux (P = 0.045). Multivariable logistic regression analysis in the matched cohorts [OR (95% CI): 2.539 (1.084, 5.949), P = 0.032] showed that embedded anastomosis was the only protective factor against gastroesophageal reflux. Evaluation of quality of life showed embedded anastomosis was superior to non-embedded anastomosis in the pain domain (P = 0.036) of EORTC QLQ-OES18. No significant difference was observed in dysphagia severity, measured by Mellow-Pinkas Scale, or dysphagia subscale of QoL.
Conclusion: Embedded anastomosis achieved sufficient control of gastroesophageal reflux without causing dysphagia. It also improved QoL compared with non-embedded anastomosis.
Dynamic Switching of Transmission Modes Hydroacoustic Communication MAC Protocols
Authors: shi chun , huang zijiang , li huiping , cai yinbin , du cuifeng
Published: September 2024

In recent years, the hydroacoustic communication MAC (Medium Access Control) protocol has attracted wide attention. Hydroacoustic communication networks suffer from issues such as long propagation delays and rapid dynamic changes in network load, which prevent the maximization of network performance through the use of a single transmission mode. In this paper, we propose a Dynamic Switching Transmission MAC protocol called the DSTM-MAC protocol. Firstly, the protocol realizes the design of dynamic switching transmission mode by adapting to changes in network load, introduces a more accurate model for total system delay, and computes parameters such as the switching threshold L and the optimal ﬁxed contention window. Secondly, it carries out parameter design for different transmission modes and realizes dynamic concurrent transmission based on these modes, ultimately achieving the goal of maximizing network performance improvement. Finally, experiments demonstrate that the DSTM-MAC protocol surpasses the traditional DCF protocol in terms of end-to-end delay and system throughput.
Human Resource Management in Homecare in England: Managing People for Safe Care During Crisis
Authors: Le Thoai , Bishop Simon , Macrae Carl
Published: September 2024

Background: Human resource management (HRM) of healthcare organisations plays an important role in improving the continuity of care, managing staff, and ensuring patient safety. During COVID-19, there were several HR-related issues, creating a significant challenging situation for health and social care institutions. This study explored the HRM issues that are associated with the patient safety in homecare, and how homecare providers have responded to these HR-related challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this is to explore the role of HRM practices in helping care organisations operate efficiently and supporting their workforce to adapt to future disruptive changes and crises.
Methods: Qualitative strategies include narrative inquiry involving gathering information in the form of storytelling by the research participants. Between February 2021 and December 2021, data were collected through semi-structured interviews of 31 participants, including homecare staff (homecare transition practitioners, homecare social workers, and carers), family members, and service users in England.
Results: The research identified key HRM challenges during the pandemic, including staff shortages, high turnover, ineffective communication, occupational stress for front-line carers, and lack of training, all adversely affecting the safety of homecare patients. In response, homecare providers employed strategies like opportunistic recruitment, digital technology for training and communication, and flexible work arrangements to mitigate these issues.
Conclusions: Several implications are proposed, with the over-riding aim of ensuring effective management of HRM practices in responding to address key areas: staffing, performance management, and training. Homecare providers should utilise short-term adaptive recruitment strategies, while also focusing on long-term workforce development and resilience to effectively respond to current and future care needs. Prioritising staff well-being for retention and care quality are crucial. Homecare providers are encouraged to offer flexible work arrangements and digital communication methods, all while being mindful of preventing technostress and digital exhaustion among their staff. They also need to bridge training gaps and employ effective delivery methods to equip healthcare workers with essential skills, thereby enhancing resilience and adaptability in homecare.
Predictors of Symptomatic Relief in WVTT for Prostatic Hyperplasia: 36-Month Prospective Study
Authors: Arroyave Juan Sebastián , Larenas Francisca , Massouh Ragheb , Gonzalez Diego , Brown Pablo Villafranca , Concha Sebastián Arroyo , Zaliasnik Tania Avayú , Giménez Belén , Palese Michael , Fulla Juan
Published: September 2024

Purpose
Existing literature lacks an analysis of factors predicting the achievement of minimum clinically important differences (MCID) after water vapor thermal therapy (WVTT) for prostatic hyperplasia. This study aims to identify these predictors over a 36-month post-WVTT period.
Methods
This prospective single surgeon case series assessed male patients receiving WVTT. Eligibility criteria included being at least 45 years old, having an estimated prostate volume (EPV) of 30–80 cc, an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) of 12 points or more, and a maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) under 16 mL/sec. MCID, representing the smallest symptomatic improvement perceived by patients, was calculated using the distribution-based method, considering half a standard deviation of baseline IPSS scores. Correlation and linear regression analyses assessed MCID attainment. Multivariate logistic regression evaluated MCID achievement, considering multicollinearity, heteroskedasticity, and normality.
Results
Of 206 men with a median 29.1-month follow-up (Range: 24–36), 13.6% didn't achieve MCID for IPSS, and 7.2% for QoL scores. Significant hindrances to MCID attainment for IPSS were a large median lobe (> 10mm protrusion) (OR = 3.01, 95% CI: 2.3–3.72), increased median lobe treatments (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.23–2.35), and high preoperative irritative IPSS scores (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.13–1.38). Factors for QoL MCID non-achievement included age over 75 (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.13–1.38), a large median lobe (OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.62–2.01), and EPV over 60cc (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.16–1.97). A 6.3% surgical re-intervention rate was noted.
Conclusions
The characteristics of the median lobe as well as the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms are crucial for treatment success. These should be integral to preoperative assessments and patient discussions on treatment options.
The relationship between the trajectory of body mass index changes over a long lifecycle and the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease: NHANES longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Hou Xin-Zheng , Wu Qian , Yang Ying-Tian , Ye Xue-Jiao , Yang Chen-Yan , Lv Yan-Fei , Wang Shi-Han
Published: September 2024

Background
The relationship between changes in body mass index (BMI) over a long lifecycle and the risk of all-cause mortality among patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains understudied. This study aims to investigate the association between BMI changes (from age 25 to after 50) and the risk of all-cause mortality in CVD patients.
Methods
This study leveraged data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001–2018 and the National Death Index (NDI) to construct a longitudinal cohort. Employing weighted multivariable Cox regression and Restricted Cubic Spline (RCS) analyses, we evaluated both the linear and nonlinear associations between BMI (at age 25 and after 50), its changes, and the risk of all-cause mortality among patients with CVD.
Results
A total of 2304 CVD patients were included in this study. During a median follow-up of 68 months, 774 participants died. The lowest risk of mortality was observed when BMI was 19.61 at age 25 and 26.55 after the age of 50. The impact of BMI change between these two time points on all-cause mortality risk exhibited a U-shaped relationship Specifically, when the change in BMI exceeded 8.27, it was positively associated with all-cause mortality risk [HR = 1.16, 95%CI=(1.00, 1.33)].
Conclusion
Among CVD patients, changes in BMI during the long-life span were nonlinearly associated with the risk of all-cause mortality. When formulating weight management strategies in the long life cycle based on BMI, individualized approaches should be taken rather than blindly emphasizing weight loss.
Shaping negative attitudes toward Mafias through immersive virtual reality
Authors: Frisanco Althea , Schepisi Michael , Giannini Anna Maria , Tieri Gaetano , Aglioti Salvatore Maria
Published: September 2024

Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) can transport people to new, artificially generated environments and situations that are otherwise difficult to reproduce due to logistical and ethical constraints. Crucially, IVR has proven extremely effective in shaping attitudes and promoting desirable outcomes. Leveraging this feature, we utilized IVR to counteract the influence of mafias, one of the most detrimental phenomena in our society, by strengthening participants’ opposing attitudes and exploring their behavioral intentions. In a between-subject design study, 100 participants were exposed to either a scenario depicting typical mafia-related activities (experimental condition) or a scenario showing non-mafia-related crime (control condition). We recorded participants’ explicit and implicit attitudes one week before and immediately after the IVR exposure. Explicit attitudes were measured using the Attitudes towards Italian Mafias Scale, implicit attitudes with an ad-hoc Single Category Implicit Association Test (SC-IAT), and behavioral intentions by asking participants whether they would intervene, report, and testify against the crime witnessed in the virtual scenario. Participants in the experimental condition displayed more negative explicit attitudes towards mafias after experiencing the virtual scenario. However, they were also less certain about testifying against the crime, reflecting the well-known phenomenon of omertà, or the law of silence. Our findings confirm IVR as a valuable tool for changing attitudes by providing experiences that individuals might not otherwise encounter. This paves the way for exploring more sophisticated strategies to encourage individual and collective anti-mafia actions.
Environmental microbial reservoir influences the Hydra-associated bacterial communities
Authors: Bathia Jay , Miklos Mate , Gyulai Istvan , Fraune Sebastian , Tokolyi Jacint
Published: September 2024

Microbes from the surrounding environment serve as potential colonizers for animal microbiome. We studied the impact of environmental water on microbial communities in freshwater Hydra using correlational and experimental methods. Hydra polyps and water samples were collected from 15 Hungarian lakes, and bacterial community composition was assessed via 16S sequencing. Correlation analyses and neutral modeling evaluated the impact of water microbiota on geographical variation in Hydra microbiota. In the lab, field-collected Hydra polyps from three populations were cultured in either native water or water from another location. Our findings revealed that lake water bacteria significantly contribute to Hydra microbial communities, but the compositional profile remained stable when cultured in different water sources. These results indicate that while water serves as a source for bacterial colonization, Hydra's microbial communities demonstrate resilience to environmental invasion from freshwater sources.
Degradation of enrofloxacin by Fe0 activated PDS
Authors: Zhang Yaru , Li Zhenguo , Bi Wenlong , Sun Bo , Pei Huanhuan , Qin Junmei , Liu Fenwu
Published: September 2024

In this paper, the effect of zero-valent iron (Fe0) activated persulfate (PDS) on the removal of enrofloxacin (ENR) was investigated, and the effect and mechanism were analyzed by exploring the effects of Fe0 concentration, PDS concentration, pH, and the influence of anion and aqueous matrix on the removal of ENR by the Fe0/PDS system. The results showed that when [ENR] = 20 µmol/L, [Fe0] = 0.15 g/L, [PDS] = 0.4 mmol/L, the removal rate of ENR was 85.3% at 90 min, the mainradicals were HO•, SO4•− and O2•−. At the same time, the system had a good mineralization effect (TOC removal rate > 40%), in addition, the system did not show obvious toxicity to soil microorganisms after the reaction, furthermore the Fe0/PDS system had a good removal effect on ENR in a wide pH range (4 ≤ pH ≤ 10). The Fe0/PDS system was more effective than ultrapure water in removing ENR in river water. The results of this experiment could provide a reference for the removal of antibiotics based on advanced oxidation techniques based on SO4•−.
Mirror-invariance is not exclusively visual: evidence from blind and blindfolded sighted individuals.
Authors: Korczyk Maksymilian , Rączy Katarzyna , Szwed Marcin
Published: September 2024

Mirror-invariance enables recognition of mirrored objects as identical. During reading acquisition, sighted readers must overcome this innate bias to distinguish between mirror-inverted letters ('d' vs. 'b'). Congenitally blind individuals seem to overcome mirror-invariance for Braille letters, too. Here, we investigated mirror-invariance across modalities and its modulation based on the objects’ familiarity. Congenitally blind and sighted subjects participated in same-different judgment tasks using tactile (blind and blindfolded sighted subjects) and visual (sighted subjects) modalities. Stimuli included pairs of letters (Braille and Latin) and familiar non-linguistic stimuli: geometric figures and everyday objects, presented in identical ('p'/'p'), mirror ('p'/'q'), and different ('p'/'z') conditions. In the tactile modality, no group differences were found in shape judgment for non-linguistic stimuli. In the orientation-based task, higher expertise for haptic rather than visual geometric figures was observed in the sighted group. Sighted participants exhibit difficulties when judging the shape of Latin letters as identical to those presented in mirror orientation (signature of breaking mirror invariance), in comparison to the blind, who had no difficulties in mirror shape judging for Braille and non-linguistic stimuli. Results suggest that mirror invariance is modality-independent.
Impact Assessment of Natural Springs for Irrigation Potential in the Hilly Areas of Kashmir
Authors: Khan Zubair Ahmad , kumar Rohitashw , Khan Afzal Husain , Majeed Adil , Idrees Mohammad Attar , Sabi Ehab , Wani Mohd Younus
Published: September 2024

The increasing water demand, fueled by rapid development activities, has significantly strained freshwater reservoirs. A comprehensive study was conducted in the Anantnag district of Jammu and Kashmir to address this issue, focusing on vital water springs essential for domestic and irrigation purposes. Seven key springs—Martand, Achabal, Malakhnag, Sherbagh, Verinag, Lukhbawan, and Kokernag—were monitored regularly from May to October 2018. The study explored the complex dynamics of surface-subsurface water interactions, which are crucial for understanding spring discharge patterns. The primary objectives were to determine the discharge rates of these springs and assess their capacity to meet the water requirement of crops within their respective command areas. Verinag spring was the most productive, with a discharge rate of 4.55 m³/s, followed by Kokernag at 1.16 m³/s. In contrast, Lukhbawan had the lowest discharge rate at 0.17 m³/s. Notably, the springs of Verinag, Martand, and Achabal were sufficient to meet the crop water requirements in their respective areas. These findings highlight the crucial role these springs play in supporting both household and agricultural needs across various regions.
Associations of Cigarette Smoking with General and Abdominal Obesity Risks among Men in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Min-Chen , Nfor Oswald Ndi , Liaw Yung-Po , Ho Chien-Chang
Published: September 2024

Obesity and smoking are two major public health challenges, both contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study investigates the association between smoking behaviors and obesity among men in Taiwan, focusing on body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) as indicators of general and abdominal obesity. The sample consisted of 27,908 men categorized into five groups based on their smoking status: never smoking (NS), former smoking (FS), light-intensity smoking (LIS), moderate-intensity smoking (MIS), and heavy-intensity smoking (HIS). Our findings reveal a significant association between smoking and increased obesity risk, particularly among light- and moderate-intensity smokers. Socioeconomic factors such as education and income levels were also found to influence these behaviors. These results underscore the importance of integrated public health strategies that address both smoking cessation and obesity prevention.
Core Outcome Set development for LEPtospirosis trials (COS-LEP): a study protocol to develop a core outcome set for the evaluation of clinical therapeutic interventions for human Leptospirosis
Authors: Lee Nathaniel , Smith Chris , Bailey Robin , Ariyoshi Koya , Smith Sarah , Black Nick , Edwards Tansy
Published: September 2024

Background
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial infection occurring worldwide. It is of particular public health concern due to its global distribution, epidemic potential and high mortality without appropriate treatment. The method for the management of leptospirosis, particularly in severe disease, is clouded by methodological inconsistency and a lack of standardized outcome measures.
The study this protocol details aims to develop a core outcome set (COS) for leptospirosis research. A COS is a set of outcomes with international consensus as a minimum for reporting in future studies focusing on leptospirosis. Establishing a COS will contribute to harmonizing Leptospirosis treatment research and will be instrumental in constructing a high-quality evidence base to feed into a planned future rigorous international clinical trial on leptospirosis.
Methods
The COS-LEP study will employ a COS development methodology standardized by the COMET initiative framework. This includes: 1) a systematic review of available quantitative and qualitative literature reporting therapeutic response and safety outcomes and measures; 2) focused interviews with healthcare professional and people treated for leptospirosis exploring outcomes of interests using qualitative methodology; 3) narrowing the choice of outcomes by international consensus using a Delphi survey process; and 4) undertaking a hybrid consensus meeting with key stakeholders to build the final COS.
Discussion
This protocol describes the method to develop the first core outcome set for use in human leptospirosis studies. This will not only be a key feature in the design of a future definitive randomised controlled trial, but also provide a structure for clinicians and researchers collecting treatment cohort data in the various settings where leptospirosis is a public health issue.
A Neutrosophy Framework for Emotion Analysis in Audio and Text Files using Harris Hawk Optimization
Authors: Mousa Iman , Guirguis Shawkat K. , Madbouly Magda M.
Published: September 2024

In the digital data landscape, businesses are increasingly reliant on advanced tools for extracting actionable insights, with sentiment analysis being at the forefront. This study breaks new ground by exploring sentiment analysis in audio data through the lens of Neutrosophy. Our approach hinges on Harris Hawk Optimization (HHO) augmented with Neutrosophic Sets for efficient feature selection. Utilizing the Libri TTS train clean 100 dataset, our experiments demonstrate the superiority of our model in reducing feature numbers while enhancing sentiment analysis accuracy. Remarkably, the Neutrosophic Sets significantly boost HHO's performance, achieving a best fitness of 0.96, and enabling the selection of a minimal number of features (39 out of 300) with a rapid convergence rate. Classification accuracy, using SVM, KNN, and DT classifiers, shows a notable improvement over other fitness functions, particularly with Neutrosophic Sets, where accuracy increases to 0.96. Further, our model outperforms baseline algorithms in sentiment classification, with an 18\% error rate reduction compared to the nearest competitor. Clustering analysis of the LibriSpeech dataset using Single-Valued Neutrosophic Sets reveals insightful patterns, underlining the model's potential to transform sentiment analysis by integrating both audio and textual data. This research not only advances sentiment analysis techniques but also pioneers the application of Neutrosophy in audio data analysis, offering novel insights and a robust framework for businesses and researchers in the digital era.
Effects of Self-Perceived Oral Health and Stress Levels on Subjective Oral Symptoms and Lifestyle of University Students in South Korea: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Jung YuYeon , Jeong JinHyoung
Published: September 2024

Background: Self-perceived oral health is related to clinical and subjective oral factors, socioeconomic factors, perceived stress, and oral health behavior. However, limited studies have examined whether self-perceived oral health is related to dry mouth, salivary viscosity, or lifestyle factors. Accordingly, this study aimed to verify the effect of self-perceived oral health and stress levels on subjective oral symptoms and lifestyle.
Methods: The responses of 644 university students who agreed to participate in the study were analyzed. A chi-square test was used to determine whether self-perceived oral health and stress levels showed significant differences based on subjective oral symptoms and lifestyle. Logistic regression was used to analyze the effect of subjective oral symptoms and periodontal disease diagnosis on self-perceived oral health.
Results: Subjective oral symptom factors that showed significant differences depending on self-perceived oral health included gingival bleeding or pain, dry mouth, and saliva viscosity, and depending on lifestyle factors included the frequency of tooth brushing and beverage consumption. Additionally, subjective oral symptoms influenced self-perceived oral health. Self-perceived oral health was negative when there was gingival bleeding, pain (odds ratio (OR=0.594, p=0.002), and dry mouth (OR=0.577, p=0.001).
Conclusions: This study’s results showed that self-perceived oral health significantly impacts gingival bleeding, pain, and dry mouth. Therefore, government intervention must provide and manage innovative and efficient education programs that promote self-perceived oral health management habits and maintenance and improvement of oral health.
Effects of North Atlantic summer marine heatwaves on Arctic sea ice freeze-up delay: modulation by atmospheric teleconnections
Authors: Zhou Xuan , Su Jie , Zhao Tianhao , Zhang Han
Published: September 2024

Since the early 21st century, the Arctic sea ice melting season has significantly lengthened, primarily due to delayed freeze onset (FO). We identify the northern Chukchi and East Siberian Seas as the FO key area with the most significant interannual variability in Arctic FO and link it to extreme ocean events, particularly marine heatwaves (MHWs) in North Atlantic. The results show that, in July, intense and persistent MHWs occurred near southeast Greenland Island (seGI), which served as a strong near-surface heat source, with warm air masses ascending up to 300 hPa. This facilitated the development of planetary-scale wave activity flux (WAF) in August. The WAF over seGI, together with the WAF from the Pacific side, resulted in a strengthened anticyclonic circulation prevailed over the FO key area in September. The abnormal descending warm airflow caused by anticyclonic circulation resulted in a two-week delay in FO in its key area compared to the climatology. Unlike general warm sea surface temperature, MHW-induced anomalous heat release can reach the higher atmospheric level (300hPa), which is less affected by disturbances from lower and higher atmosphere, more accessibly impacting the Arctic sea ice.
Enhancing Network Performance Monitoring through Scalable Multi-Dimensional Metric Analysis and Pattern-Based Anomaly Detection
Authors: Ahmad Salman , Scotney Bryan , Glass David , Zhang Shuai
Published: September 2024

This paper presents a novel approach to network performance monitoring and improvement through profile pattern extraction-based anomaly detection in multi-dimensional network throughput metrics. As modern networks grow in complexity, traditional monitoring methods often struggle to detect subtle yet significant anomalies that can impact performance. Our research addresses this challenge by developing an integrated framework that combines advanced data analysis techniques with machine learning algorithms to identify and interpret complex patterns in network behaviour. The proposed methodology leverages autocorrelation function (ACF) based clustering to group similar time series, and employs feature extraction methods to create profile patterns from multi-dimensional network data. These patterns serve as a baseline for normal network behaviour, against which anomalies are detected using the Isolation Forest algorithm. These patterns serve as a baseline for normal network behaviour, against which anomalies are detected using a combination of statistical methods and machine learning approaches. Our experimental results, based on real-world data from a telecommunications network, demonstrate that the profile pattern-based approach significantly enhances anomaly detection capabilities. The best-performing model, which combines raw data and Z-scores derived from profile patterns, achieved an anomaly detection rate of 1.805% with the highest confidence (average anomaly score of -0.123). This model outperformed both raw data analysis and Z-score-only approaches in terms of selectivity and computational efficiency, completing analysis in 8.582 seconds. This research contributes to the field of network performance monitoring by offering a more sophisticated and accurate approach to anomaly detection, potentially leading to enhanced network reliability, reduced downtime, and improved user experience. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for network administrators and outlining future research directions in this rapidly evolving field.
Hierarchically porous composites containing mining tailings-based geopolymer and zeolite 13X: application for carbon dioxide sequestration
Authors: Schneider Mariana , Rodríguez-Castellón Enrique , Guerrero-Pérez M. Olga , Hotza Dachamir , Junior Agenor Noni , Moreira Regina
Published: September 2024

One promising approach to addressing global warming involves capturing storing and reusing greenhouse gas emissions. Following separation, usually via adsorption, potential CO2 emissions capture rates can reach up to 90%. Hence, It is crucial to enhance efficiency and reduce costs associated with CO2 capture and utilization processes. This study explores the synthesis of geopolymer/zeolite composites based on phosphate amine tailings for CO2 capture applications. These materials offer benign environmental advantages and demonstrate reversible adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide. The research compares the adsorption capacities of the synthesized materials with the geopolymer and the commercial Zeolite 13X, assessing their performance for the CO2, H2, and CO adsorption at various temperatures (30, 50, and 100°C). Furthermore, the samples underwent thorough characterization by XRF, XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDS, XPS, NMR, micro-CT, density, BET surface area, and porosity. The high surface area and low porosity of the materials influence directly in the adsorption capacity, which increases with the addition of more zeolite on the composite. The incorporation of 30% (w/w) of zeolite to the composite yielded notable adsorption capacities at 30 ºC and 1 bar (~ 2.6 mmol·g− 1).
Clinical and functional evidence for the pathogenicity of the LRRK2 p.Arg1067Gln variant
Authors: Tan Ai Huey , Lim Shen-Yang , Toh Tzi Shin , Hor Jia Wei , Lim Jia Lun , Lit Lei Cheng , Ahmad-Annuar Azlina , Tay Yi Wen , Foo Jia Nee , Ng Ebonne , Muthusamy Kalai Arasu , Ibrahim Norlinah Mohamed , Ibrahim Khairul Azmi , Tan Louis CS , Zulkefli Jannah , Anuar Anis Nadhirah Khairul , Black Kirsten , Lis Pawel , Xie Fei , Cen Zhidong , Lim Kai Shi , Lohmann Katja , Padmanabhan Shalini , Alessi Dario , Luo Wei , Tan Eng-King , Sammler Esther
Published: September 2024

LRRK2-related Parkinson’s disease (LRRK2-PD) is the most frequent form of monogenic PD worldwide, with important therapeutic opportunities, exemplified by the advancement in LRRK2 kinase inhibition studies/trials. However, many LRRK2 variants, especially those found in underrepresented populations, remain classified as variants of uncertain significance (VUS). Leveraging on Malaysian, Singaporean, and mainland Chinese PD datasets (n=4,901), we describe 12 Chinese-ancestry patients harbouring the LRRK2 p.Arg1067Gln variant, more than doubling the number of previously reported cases (total n=23, 87% East Asian, mean age of onset:53.9years). We determine that this variant is enriched in East Asian PD patients compared to population controls (OR=8.0, 95%CI:3.0-20.9), and provide supportive data for its co-segregation with PD, albeit with incomplete penetrance. Utilizing established experimental workflows, this variant showed increased LRRK2 kinase activity, by ~2-fold compared to wildtype and higher than the European p.Gly2019Ser variant. Taken together, p.Arg1067Gln should be reclassified from a VUS to pathogenic for causing LRRK2-PD.
Effects of Digital Serious Games on Nursing Education: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Lee Minjae , Shin Sujin , Lee Miji , Hong Eunmin
Published: September 2024

Background
Advancements in digital technologies and the coronavirus disease pandemic have rapidly shifted educational practices towards engaging digital methods, such as serious games, significantly influencing healthcare education. Few high-quality systematic reviews and meta-analyses were focused exclusively on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of digital serious games to determine their effects in nursing education.
Objective
To evaluate the effects of digital serious games on nursing education through a systematic review and meta-analysis using the Kirkpatrick model to evaluate learning and behavioral changes.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs was performed. Six databases were searched for articles published before April 2024. Risk of bias was assessed using the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized trials (Rob 2.0). A sensitivity analysis was performed. Outcome variables were categorized according to the Kirkpatrick model. Effect sizes were determined using Hedges’ g in a random-effects model. Subgroup analysis was performed.
Results
Eleven studies were included in the systematic review, and eight studies, in the meta-analysis. The intervention group showed significant improvements in knowledge (Hedges’ g = 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [0.27, 1.22], p = .002, I² = 90.51%), confidence (Hedges’ g = 0.73, 95% CI = [0.23, 1.24], p = .005, I² = 82.71%), and performance (Hedges’ g = 0.49, 95% CI = [0.17, 0.80], p = .003, I² = 56.60%). Subgroup analysis showed a significant improvement in knowledge when the intervention period exceeded 2 weeks (Hedges’ g = 0.53, 95% CI = [0.32, 0.74], p < .001, I² = 25.41%).
Conclusion
This study demonstrates that digital serious games significantly enhance knowledge, performance, and confidence of nursing students. Therefore, they provide a practical and valuable alternative to traditional learning methods, meeting the modern demands of healthcare education and equipping nursing students with essential clinical competencies.
Benzimidazole Resistance-Associated Mutations in the β-tubulin Gene of Hookworms: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tenorio Jan Clyden B. , Heikal Muhammad Fikri , Kafle Alok , Saichua Prasert , Suttiprapa Sutas
Published: September 2024

There is a growing number of reports on the occurrence of benzimidazole resistance-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the β-tubulin isotype 1 gene of various helminths of veterinary and public health concerns. However, a comprehensive analysis of their occurrence and their contributions to conferring benzimidazole resistance among hookworms has yet to be done. The objectives of this systematic review are to summarize and synthesize peer-reviewed evidence on the occurrence of these resistance-associated mutations in hookworms, document their geographical distribution, and assess their contributions to conferring phenotypic resistance. Three databases were systematically searched using specific keywords. Research that assessed the occurrence of benzimidazole resistance-associated SNPs in hookworms, papers that reported the geographical distribution of these SNPs, and studies that investigated the SNPs’ resistance-associated phenotypic effects were included in the review. Research that was not done in hookworms, papers not in the English language, and literature reviews and book chapters were excluded. Critical appraisal checklists were used to determine the risk of bias in the selected papers. Data were extracted from the selected studies and analyzed. PROSPERO Systematic Review Protocol Registration No.: CRD42024510924. A total of 29 studies were included and analyzed. Of these, four were conducted in a laboratory setting, eight described development and validation of SNP detection methods, and the remaining 17 involved field research. Seven SNP-induced amino acid substitutions at four loci were reported among several hookworm species: Q134H, F167Y, E198A, E198K, E198V, F200Y, and F200L. SNPs have been reported in isolates occurring in the United States, Canada, Brazil, Haiti, Australia, New Zealand, Kenya, Ghana, Mozambique, and Tanzania. No reports were found in Asia. E198A and F200L were reported in Ancylostoma ceylanicum with laboratory-induced resistance. F167Y and Q134H conferred resistance in A. caninum, as revealed by in vitro investigations and field assessments. There is insufficient peer-reviewed evidence to prove the association between SNP occurrence and resistance. Mutations in the β-tubulin isotype 1 gene confer benzimidazole resistance in Ancylostoma caninum and A. ceylanicum, but similar evidence is lacking for human hookworms. Understanding benzimidazole resistance through further research can better inform treatment, prevention and control strategies.
Partial unidirectional translocation from 5AL to 7BS leads to dense spike in an EMS-induced wheat mutant
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Wang Yongfa , Chen Yongming , Li Yazhou , Guo Kai , Xu Jin , Guan Panfeng , Lan Tianyu , Xin Mingming , Hu Zhaorong , Guo Weilong , Yao Yingyin , Ni Zhongfu , Sun Qixin , Hao Ming , Peng Huiru
Published: September 2024

Background
As the inflorescence of wheat, spike architecture largely determines grain productivity. Dissecting the genetic basis for spike morphology of wheat can contribute towards designation of ideal spike morphology to improve grain production.
Results
In this study, we characterized an EMS-induced mutant dense spike1 (ds1) from Nongda3753 (ND3753) with a dense spike and reduced plant height. Using bulked segregant analysis coupled with whole-genome sequencing (BSA-Seq) of two segregating populations, ds1 was mapped to the short arm of chromosome 7B. Further genotypic and phenotypic analyses of the residual heterozygous lines from F3 to F6 of Yong3002×ds1 revealed that there was a 0-135Mb deletion in chromosome 7B associated with the dense spike phenotype. The reads count analysis of the two bulks in BSA-Seq along with the cytological analysis of ds1, ND3753, NIL-ds1 and NIL-Y3002 confirmed the partial unidirectional translocation of 5AL (541-713Mb) to 7BS (0-135Mb) in ds1. This translocation resulted in an increase in copy number and expression of Q gene, thereby leading to the dense spike phenotype observed in ds1.
Conclusion
We identified a partial unidirectional translocation from 5AL to 7BS in an EMS-induced mutant ds1, which exhibiting dense spike phenotype. This research deepens our understanding of the dosage-dependent effect of Q gene on wheat spike morphology, and provides new materials with several chromosome structural variations for wheat breeding.
Isolation, phenotypical and genotypical characterization of Mannheimia haemolytica serotype A5 strain associated with pneumonic Pasteurellosis
Authors: Wang Jiajia , Guo Rongxian , Chen Songbiao , Liao Chengshui , Shang Ke , Wei Ying , Li Jing , He Lei , Wang Lei , Xia Xiaojing , Jia Yanyan , Yu Zuhua , Ding Ke
Published: September 2024

Background
Mannheimia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) is the primary pathogen responsible for respiratory diseases in ruminants. As an opportunistic pathogen, it often co-infects with other bacteria and viruses, leading to severe pneumonia. In this study, a suspected M. haemolytica pathogen was isolated from the lungs of sheep on a farm in Luoyang that exhibited respiratory symptoms and died acutely. The species classification, biological characteristics, and genome sequence analysis of the pathogen were determined.
Results
Morphological observations, biochemical tests, and phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the isolate was closely related to serotype A1 M. haemolytica GCA-900474405.1. Furthermore, sequence comparison of the capsular gene region revealed that the bacterium belonged to serotype A5 M. haemolytica and was named MH-1. Antibiotic sensitivity tests showed that MH-1 was resistant to tetracycline, erythromycin, spectinomycin and penicillin-G, and sensitive to other selected antibiotics. In animal experiments conducted on mice via intraperitoneal inoculation with MH-1, depression symptoms and dishevelled hair were observed in all mice in the highest-dose group, leading to death. The LD50 value for mice was determined to be 1.27×109 CFU. Whole-genome sequence analysis revealed that MH-1 had a total of 20 open reading frames (ORFs) encoded genes related to pathogenicity, including proteins involved in adhesion, invasion, iron uptake, and antiphagocytosis. While 8 ORFs were responsible for drug resistance genes, such as the macrolide resistance gene macB, the tetracycline resistance gene tet(35), the aminoglycoside resistance gene APH(3')-Ia, and the β-lactam resistance gene CRP. These findings were consistent with the results obtained from the antibiotic susceptibility test.
Conclusion
In conclusion, we successfully isolated and identified a strain of M. haemolytica serotype A5 from sheep. Through whole-genome sequencing and biological characterization analysis, we have enriched the understanding of the pathogenic properties of M. haemolytica in sheep. This information provides valuable insights for prevention and treatment strategies against M. haemolytica infections in sheep.