bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two new iterative schemes to approximate the fixed points for mappings
Authors: Deshmukh Aniruddha , Gopal Dhananjay , Rakocević Vladimir
Published: June 2022

In this article, we present a study of two iterative schemes to approximate the fixed points of enriched non-expansive maps and enriched generalized non-expansive maps. The schemes introduced in this article generalize those given by Thakur et al. in (“A new iterative scheme for approximating fixed points of nonexpansive mappings,” Filomat, vol. 30, no. 10, pp. 2711–2720, 2016.) and Ali et al. in (“Approximation of Fixed points for Suzuki’s generalized nonexpansive mappings,” Mathematics, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 522–532, 2019.) in a sense that our schemes work for larger classes of enriched mappings and the schemes given by Thakur et al. and Ali et al. reduce to a particular case of our iterative techniques. Taking inspiration from Berinde (“Picard iteration converges faster than Mann iteration for a class of quasi-contractive operators,” Fixed Point Theory Appl., vol. 2004, no. 2, pp. 97–105, 2004.) and Maniu (“On a three-step iteration process for Suzuki mappings with qualitative study,” Numer. Funct. Anal. Optim., 2020.), we also give stability results of the our procedures for enriched contractions (introduced by Berinde in 2019). Lastly, we compare the rate of convergence of our schemes with each other and the conventional Krasnoselskii iteration process used for approximating fixed points of enriched contractions along with some examples. As an application to the proposed iterative schemes, we give a few results on the solutions of linear system of equations.
High school EFL teachers’ oral corrective feedback beliefs and practices, and the effects of lesson focus
Authors: Ha Xuan Van
Published: June 2022

Teachers’ oral corrective feedback (CF) may be influenced by the communication orientation of the lessons, but little research has taken lesson focus into account when examining the relationship between teachers’ CF beliefs and practices. This study explores teachers’ CF beliefs, practices, and the relationship between the two constructs in Vietnamese high school EFL classrooms. The study also compares and contrasts the teachers’ CF practices in relation to two opposing lesson types in terms of communication orientation. The participants were ten experienced EFL teachers from two public high schools. Analysis of audio-recorded in-depth interviews and video and audio-recorded classroom observations (n = 20 lessons, 15 h) showed a strong relationship between the lesson focus and the teachers’ practices in various aspects of feedback provision. The teachers’ beliefs were reflected more consistently in grammar lessons (where the teaching is more form-focused) than in speaking lessons (where the teaching is more meaning-focused). There was also a difference in the teachers’ CF strategies used between the two lesson types. This difference could be explained by the teachers’ background and the difference in the predictability of the learning activities and learner contributions.
The relationship between metabolic syndrome and bone mineral density in adolescents: analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Ma Chun-Ming , Lu Na , Kong Fan-Shuo , Zhang Xu , Wang Rui , Yin Fu-Zai
Published: June 2022

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to observe the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and height (Ht) adjusted Z-scores for areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in adolescents.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted on the United States adolescents aged 12–17 years. Data were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2012, 2013–2014 and 2015–2016 cycles. Ht adjusted Z-scores for aBMD were calculated.

Results

A total of 969 adolescents (493 boys and 476 girls), aged 14.5 ± 1.7 years were enrolled in this study. After control for age, gender, race, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and lean body mass index (LBMI) Z-score, adolescents with MetS had significantly lower levels of total body (less head) aBMD Ht-Z-adjusted Z-score than adolescents with one, two components of MetS and without component of MetS (p<0.05) and significantly lower levels of lumbar spine aBMD Ht-Z-adjusted Z-score than adolescents with one component of MetS and without component of MetS (p<0.05). There were significantly negative associations between total body (less head) aBMD Ht-Z-adjusted Z-score and waist circumference (WC) (β=−0.027, p<0.001, R2=0.057) and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (β=−0.225, p<0.001, R2=0.016). There were significantly negative associations between lumbar spine aBMD Ht-Z-adjusted Z-score and WC (β=−0.039, p<0.001, R2=0.058) and HOMA-IR (β=−0.251, p<0.001, R2=0.008).

Conclusions

The present study demonstrates that MetS may have a negative effect on bone mineral density in adolescents. Abdominal obesity and insulin resistance play a major role on the decline of aBMD in adolescents.
Johann Reinhold Grube’s Opposing Remarks on Kant’s
Nova dilucidatio
Authors: Hohenegger Hansmichael , Lamarra Antonio , Pozzo Riccardo
Published: June 2022

This paper presents a transcription of a handwritten Latin text, along with its translation into English, that was identified only very recently in the Kongelige Bibliothek in Copenhagen while preparing the new critical edition of Kant’s Nova dilucidatio (PND). The text consists of remarks by Johann Reinhold Grube, composed in his role as opponent at Kant’s disputation for the venia legendi on 27 September 1755. Grube’s interleaved opposing remarks on Kant’s dissertatio metaphysica pro receptione contain precious starting points for new lines of research, since they vividly exemplify the point of view of one of the participants in the debate, a perspective that is rarely documented. In addition to informing us about how the disputation itself was carried out and which traditional rhetorical techniques were used, these remarks offer a compelling glimpse into the immediate reception of Kant’s first thoughts on logic and metaphysics, giving scholars access to an ingenious reaction to Kant’s stance on the theory of judgment.
Fully integrated electrically driven optical frequency comb at communication wavelength
Authors: Li Nanxi , Chen Guanyu , Lim Leh Woon , Ho Chong Pei , Xue Jin , Fu Yuan Hsing , Lee Lennon Y. T.
Published: June 2022

To meet the high demand of data transmission capacity, optical communications systems have been developed. In order to increase the channel numbers for larger communication bandwidth, multi-mode lasers and laser arrays can be used. As an alternative coherent light source, optical frequency comb (OFC) contains multi-wavelength signal, and hence enables communication with data stream of tens of terabit/s. Fully integrated electrically driven OFCs are expected as a compact, robust, and low-cost light source for data communication. In this review article, the recent development progress on fully integrated electrically driven OFC generators are reviewed, with focus on the demonstrations in the past five years. Based on comb generation approaches, the works are categorized into two main types: one is OFC generators based on four-wave mixing in high-Q resonator, and the other is OFC generators based on mode-locked laser. At the end, a summary and future outlook are provided.
From Anatolia to Algarve: Assessing the Early Stages of Neolithisation Processes in Europe
Authors: Borrell Ferran , Clemente Ignacio , Cubas Miriam , Ibáñez Juan José , Mazzucco Niccoló , Nieto-Espinet Ariadna , Portillo Marta , Valenzuela-Lamas Silvia , Terradas Xavier
Published: June 2022

The introduction and spread of the Neolithic “way of life” in Europe was a process that took several millennia, followed by different rhythms and displayed singularities in each geographic area. It was therefore a very complex phenomenon that, despite highly significant advances in research in recent decades, is yet to be fully understood. To deepen our understanding of the very early stages of the introduction of herding and agriculture throughout the Old Continent, the 1st Conference on the Early Neolithic of Europe was organised in Barcelona on 6–8 November 2019. The conference was a great success with more than 200 participants, creating a stimulating arena to discuss and debate, exclusively, the transition to the Neolithic in Europe. This special issue brings together 52 of the contributions presented in Barcelona, offering an interesting overview of the current state of research across Europe, from the Anatolia to the Algarve, highlighting the geographical, chronological and socioeconomic diversity of the transformation processes involved in the Neolithisation of Europe and providing useful starting points for future research.
Abdominal tissue concentrations and penetration of carboplatin in a HIPEC procedure ‒ assessment in a novel porcine model
Authors: Petersen Elisabeth K. , Bue Mats , Harlev Christina , Jørgensen Andrea R. , Schmedes Anne , Hanberg Pelle , Petersen Lone K. , Stilling Maiken
Published: June 2022

Objectives

Peritoneal dissemination from intraabdominal cancers is associated with poor prognosis and rapid disease progression. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is an antineoplastic treatment, which has improved survival and recurrence-free survival, but little is known about the acquired chemotherapy concentrations in local tissues. The aim of this study was to assess concentrations of carboplatin during and after HIPEC treatment dynamically and simultaneously in various abdominal organ tissues by means of microdialysis in a novel porcine model.

Methods

Eight pigs underwent imitation cytoreductive surgery followed by HIPEC (90 min) using a carboplatin dosage of 800 mg/m2. Microdialysis catheters were placed for sampling of drug concentrations in various solid tissues: peritoneum, liver, bladder wall, mesentery and in different depths of one mm and four mm in the hepatoduodenal ligament and rectum. During and after HIPEC, dialysates and blood samples were collected over 8 h.

Results

No statistically significant differences in mean AUC0-last (range: 2,657–5,176 min·µg/mL), mean Cmax (range: 10.6–26.0 µg/mL) and mean Tmax (range: 105–206 min) were found between the compartments. In plasma there was a tendency towards lower measures. No difference between compartments was found for tissue penetration. At the last samples obtained (450 min) the mean carboplatin concentrations were 4.9–9.9 µg/mL across the investigated solid tissues.

Conclusions

Equal carboplatin distribution in abdominal organ tissues, detectable concentrations for at least 6 h after HIPEC completion, and a carboplatin penetration depth of minimum four mm were found. The present study proposes a new HIPEC porcine model for future research.
Creep rupture behavior of 2.25Cr1Mo0.25V steel and weld for hydrogenation reactors under different stress levels
Authors: Song Yan , Chai Mengyu , Lv Junnan , Han Zelin , Liu Pan , Yan Haoqi , Sha Zhendong
Published: June 2022

In the present research work, the 2.25Cr1Mo0.25V steel plates with a thickness of 112 mm were welded using the multi-pass submerged automatic arc welding process. The creep specimens were prepared from the base metal (BM) and weld metal (WM) in the welded joint after heat treatment process. The uniaxial creep tests were performed to investigate the creep deformation and rupture behaviors at 550°C under different applied stress levels. The microstructure and fracture surface morphology of crept BM and WM samples were also characterized using the scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results showed that typical three-stage creep deformation curves are observed in both BM and WM specimens, and the BM exhibits a faster deformation rate than the WM. Both the creep rupture time and uniaxial creep ductility are found to be increased with a decrease in applied stress. Furthermore, the relationship between the minimum creep rate and time to rupture of both BM and WM samples was obtained, and it can be described using a unified Monkman–Grant equation. In addition, it is found that the creep fractures of the BM and WM are a transgranular ductile failure. The creep damages of both materials are mainly associated with the microstructural degradations, that is, the initiation and coalescence of creep cavities at second phase particles such as carbide and inclusion particles along the loading direction.
Is the pathology of posterior cortical atrophy clinically predictable?
Authors: Cipriano Lorenzo , Oliva Mariano , Puoti Gianfranco , Signoriello Elisabetta , Bonavita Simona , Coppola Cinzia
Published: June 2022

Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by an early prominent deficit of visual functions associated with signs and symptoms that are the expression of dysfunction of posterior brain regions. Although PCA is commonly associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), in recent years new pathological substrates have emerged. Among them, frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is the most commonly reported but, to date, little is known about the clinical features of PCA due to FTLD. We conducted a systematic search in the main biomedical database MEDLINE. We searched for all clinical PCA reports that assessed the pathological basis of such syndrome with at least one of the following: (1) neuropathological examination, (2) cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, (3) amyloid-PET imaging and (4) genetic testing. Of 369 potentially eligible studies, 40 fulfilled the inclusion criteria with an overall number of 144 patients (127 PCA-AD vs. 17 PCA-FTD/non-AD). We found that hallucinations/illusions were present in none of the probable PCA-FTD/non-AD subjects while were reported in 15 out of 97 PCA-AD individuals. Optic ataxia and Parkinsonism showed a significantly greater prevalence in probable PCA FTD/non-AD than in PCA-AD whereas myoclonus and disorientation in time and space were significantly more frequent in PCA-AD than in probable PCA FTD/non-AD. We also found a predominance of a left-side pattern of atrophy/hypometabolism in the probable PCA FTD/non-AD. Clinical features such as optic ataxia, Parkinsonism, myoclonus, hallucinations and disorientation in time and space suggest the underlying pathological basis of PCA and help in leading the diagnostic protocol consequently.
Impairments in Fear Extinction Memory and Basolateral Amygdala Plasticity in the TgF344-AD Rat Model of Alzheimer’s Disease Are Distinct from Nonpathological Aging
Authors: Hernandez Caesar M. , Jackson Nateka L. , Hernandez Abbi R. , McMahon Lori L.
Published: June 2022

Fear-based disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) steepen age-related cognitive decline and double the risk for developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Because of the seemingly hyperactive properties of fear memories, PTSD symptoms can worsen with age. Perturbations in the synaptic circuitry supporting fear memory extinction are key neural substrates of PTSD. The basolateral amygdala (BLA) is a medial temporal lobe structure that is critical in the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of fear memories. As little is known about fear extinction memory and BLA synaptic dysfunction within the context of aging and AD, the goal of this study was to investigate how fear extinction memory deficits and basal amygdaloid nucleus (BA) synaptic dysfunction differentially associate in nonpathologic aging and AD in the TgF344AD (TgAD) rat model of AD. Young, middle-aged, and older-aged WT and TgAD rats were trained on a delay fear conditioning and extinction procedure beforeex vivoextracellular field potential recording experiments in the BA. Relative to young WT rats, long-term extinction memory was impaired, and in general, was associated with a hyperexcitable BA and impaired LTP in TgAD rats at all ages. In contrast, long-term extinction memory was impaired in aged WT rats and was associated with impaired LTP but not BA hyperexcitability. Interestingly, the middle-aged TgAD rats showed intact short-term extinction and BA LTP, which is suggestive of a compensatory mechanism, whereas differential neural recruitment in older-aged WT rats may have facilitated short-term extinction. As such, associations between fear extinction memory and amygdala deficits in nonpathologic aging and AD are dissociable.
Evidence for Independent Processing of Shape by Vision and Touch
Authors: Miller Ryan L. , Sheinberg David L.
Published: June 2022

Although visual object recognition is well studied and relatively well understood, much less is known about how shapes are recognized by touch and how such haptic stimuli might be compared with visual shapes. One might expect that the processes of visual and haptic object recognition engage similar brain structures given the advantages of avoiding redundant brain circuitry and indeed there is some evidence that this is the case. A potentially fruitful approach to understanding the differences in how shapes might be neurally represented is to find an algorithmic method of comparing shapes, which agrees with human behavior and determines whether that method differs between different modality conditions. If not, it would provide further evidence for a shared representation of shape. We recruited human participants to perform a one-back same–different visual and haptic shape comparison task both within (i.e., comparing two visual shapes or two haptic shapes) and across (i.e., comparing visual with haptic shapes) modalities. We then used various shape metrics to predict performance based on the shape, orientation, and modality of the two stimuli that were being compared on each trial. We found that the metrics that best predict shape comparison behavior heavily depended on the modality of the two shapes, suggesting differences in which features are used for comparing shapes depending on modality and that object recognition is not necessarily performed in a single, modality-agnostic region.
Things You Can Tell by Looking
Authors: Wanzo Rebecca
Published: June 2022

FQ columnist Rebecca Wanzo jumps into the critical fray generated by Rebecca Hall’s directorial debut, Passing (2021). Wanzo notes that much of the scholarly debate on Passing is illustrative of tendentious debates around authenticity, depictions of history and trauma, and cultural ownership, as well as a too common disinterest in aesthetics as a primary way to address questions of blackness in art. She suggests that it is the choice to deploy beauty as a way to explore black suffering that is the most notable part of Hall’s debut. This strategy needs to be understood as belonging to a cinematic genealogy that makes the beautiful essential to the depiction of black oppression and that is just as essential to black film as the racial melodrama: the social issue film. In Passing, Hall foregrounds the beautiful as an aesthetic practice that addresses social issues in order to disrupt normative claims about what any black film should do or be.
Simulation of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) layers of gold with silicon nitride as a Bi-layer biosensor
Authors:   Mustansiriyah University - College of Science- Physics Dept., Kadhum F. J. , Kafi S. H. ,   Mustansiriyah University - College of Science- Physics Dept., Karam A. J. ,   Universities of Garmian, College of Computer and Information Technology, Department of Information Technology, Kurdistan Region - Iraq, Al-Zuky A. A. ,   Mustansiriyah University - College of Science- Physics Dept., Al-Kadhemy M. F. H. ,   Mustansiriyah University - College of Science- Physics Dept., Al- Saleh A. H. ,   Mustansiriyah University - College of Science- Dept. of computer, Baghdad, Iraq
Published: June 2022

Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) has gotten a lot of attention in biomedical sensing. Many applications in medical diagnostics and single molecule detection have sparked interest in bio-sensing techniques. Surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) is an important phenomenon used for building sensors especially in the Biological fields. Simulation analysis (in Mat lab) has been made for SPR for gold (Au) layer with thickness (40 nm) and layer of silicon nitride (Si3N4) with different thickness (10- 70 nm) step 10, deposited on glass prism type N-LASF9_ glass with the sensitive layer was water at refractive index (∆n = 0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1). The analysis was taken for different wavelengths from UltraViolet wavelength 100 nm to Near Infra- Red wavelength 1000 nm. The properties of the surface Plasmon resonance angle (θSPR) have been calculated from plotted reflectance against incident angle θincid shows sharper resonance dip, narrower full width half maximum (FWHM), SPR dip length (Ld) increased so that improve in properties SPR and system. The SPR sensitivity (S) was calculated and recorded higher sensitivity about 134.
Phytochemical assisted synthesis of Ni doped ZnO nanoparticles using aloe vera extract for enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activities
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, India.600802, Mary K. L. , Manonmoni J. V. ,   aDepartment of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, India.600802, Balan A. M. R. ,   Department of Chemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru College for women, Ulundurpet, 606104, Karthik P. S. ,   Department of Chemistry, University College of Engineering, Panruti-607106., Malliappan S. P. ,   Sunum, Sabanci University, University Cd.No:27, Istanbul, Turkey.
Published: June 2022

This report focuses on facile and green approach to synthesize ZnO and Ni doped ZnO nanoparticls (NPs) through a phytochemical assisted method using an aloe vera extract as reducing and capping agent. The phase confirmation, structural morphology, surface area, chemical compositions of as prepared NPs were investigated in depth using several techniques such as XRD, FTIR, UV-Vis, SEM, TEM, PL and XPS techniques. The photo catalytic activity of the NPs evaluated towards the degradation of two toxic dyes such as Crystal violet(CV) and Congo red (CR). The antimicrobial activity of the NPs evaluated against E.Coli, Klbsiella Pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. As a result of conducted experiments, it was found that Ni-doped ZnO exhibits better photocatalytic and antibacterial activities compared to pristine ZnONps. The mechanism of enhanced activities discussed in detail.
Spatial analysis of Zika virus microcephaly cases in a Brazilian municipality
Authors: Santos Daisyanne Augusto de Sales , Cardoso Maria Vera Lúcia Moreira Leitão , Mayorga Fernando Daniel de Oliveira , Costa Francisco Everson da Silva , Rodrigues Natanael Nascimento , Melo Gleicia Martins de
Published: June 2022

Objective: to analyze the spatial distribution of microcephaly cases by Zika virus in a Brazilian municipality. Methods: ecological study that analyzed 53 confirmed cases of microcephaly by Zika virus, reported between 2015 and 2016, extracted from the Registry of Public Health Events - Microcephaly. Incidence rates of the disease in neighborhoods of the municipality, Global and Local Moran Index and Kernel dispersion method were calculated. Results: common areas with high Zika microcephaly incidence rates were identified. The value of Moran’s I demonstrated the presence of clusters, with p=0.001, I=0.3159 in 2015 and I=0.2158 in 2016. According to the Kernel map, there was concentration of cases in Regional Executive Secretariats IV and VI. Most of the cases are within or near precarious settlements. Conclusion: the cases did not occur randomly and reinforce their relationship with the living conditions of the population. Contributions to practice: it is expected that this study can contribute to reflect on public policies and surveillance actions to reduce Zika transmission, recognizing the territories of higher risk for the disease. In addition, to expand discussions between managers and health professionals to qualify notification, care, and monitoring of children with microcephaly by Zika.
Análisis del desempeño de la transmisión de datos en banda base y RF sobre redes PON de largo alcance
Authors: Granada Torres Jhon James , Álvarez Guerrero Jesús , Serpa Imbett Claudia Milena , Varón Durán Gloria Margarita , Guerrero González Neil
Published: June 2022

En este trabajo se analiza el desempeño de una red óptica pasiva de largo alcance en función de la dispersión y la relación señal a ruido óptica. Hoy en día, las redes ópticas pasivas con capacidad de Gbps están estandarizadas a una distancia de transmisión de 20 km y velocidades de transmisión en el canal descendente de 155 Mbps, 1 y 2,5 Gbps. Sin embargo, la tendencia de unir los niveles de metro y acceso sugiere la extensión de las redes ópticas pasivas hasta alcanzar distancias alrededor de los 100 km. En este trabajo se estudia a través de simulaciones en Virtual Photonics®(VPI), el desempeño de una red óptica pasiva de largo alcance, la cual transmite señales ópticas en banda base hasta una distancia de 100 km y de Radiofrecuencia hasta los 70 km. El análisis cualitativo de la transmisión de datos a través de la red PON se realiza basado en la calidad del diagrama de ojo. Asimismo, se calculan las curvas de bits erróneos en función de la relación señal a ruido óptica, para hacer un análisis cuantitativo respecto a las distancias y velocidades de transmisión. Las redes simuladas exhiben un mejor desempeño a distancias inferiores a 40 km para velocidades de 2,5 Gbps con fibras monomodo estándar y hasta los 70 km a 155 Mbps en banda base y radiofrecuencia con portadora de 60 GHz.
MODEM CORDIC 16qAM en FPGA para satélites cognitivos
Authors: Astaiza Hoyos Evelio , Bermúdez Orozco Héctor Fabio
Published: June 2022

En este artículo se presentan los algoritmos de implementación para el modulador y demodulador en cuadratura 16 qAM como funciones SDR sobre Dispositivos Lógicos Programables, particularmente para plataformas FPGA. Se presenta el análisis del modelo, diseño e implementación del mismo, así como los resultados obtenidos pensando en la implantación del dispositivo como un componente de un transpondedor satelital cognitivo. El proceso de validación de la implementación se efectuó a través de las herramientas de diseño, simulación, síntesis y descarga de Xilinx sobre la FPGA Spartan 3E.
Pediatric Collections: Social Determinants of Health: Part 2: Effects of Inequity
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: June 2022

Youths who are negatively affected by social determinants of health suffer adverse effects like increased risks of chronic health conditions and mental health issues. Part 2 of this series describes the adverse effects social determinants of health can have on vulnerable children around the world. Available for purchase at https://shop.aap.org/pediatric-collections-social-determinants-of-health-part-2-effect-of-inequity-paperback/
A New Reading of the Second Sentence in Line 18 of the Tunyukuk Inscription*
Authors: Li Yong-Sŏng
Published: June 2022

The second sentence of line 18 (= line 1 on the east side of the first stele) of the Tunyukuk Inscription has been amended as [: eki] süm[üz b]oltï or [biz eki sü b]oltï ‘We had two armies’. Considering the second sentence of line 17, the information from the first and second sentences of line 18 would be that the peoples around us joined us and thus the number of our soldiers, which was 2,000, increased. If that is the case, the second sentence may be hypothetically amended as [: bir] tüm[än b]oltï ‘It (= the number of our soldiers) became 10,000’ or [: eki] tüm[än b]oltï ‘It (= the number of our soldiers) became 20,000’.
The Two Interpretive Dogmas of Zhiren lunshi and Yiyi nizhi as ‘Rules of Competition’ and ‘Perspectives of Historicity’: A Study of Annotated Editions of Du Fu’s Poetry from the Late Ming to Early Qing
Authors: Wong Chi-hung
Published: June 2022

This article revisits the history of Du Fu 杜甫 (zi Zimei 子美, 712–770) studies and demonstrates that although annotated editions of Du Fu’s poetry claim to follow zhiren lunshi 知人論世 (‘knowing the person by considering the age in which he or she lived’) and/or yiyi nizhi 以意逆志 (‘inferring the author’s intention through sympathetic effort’), which are dogmatic approaches that seemingly balance objective and subjective views, they nevertheless lead to the development of highly divergent ideas. Treating the two principles as ‘rules of competition’, annotators have attempted to refute other annotations and commentaries in the process of annotating Du Fu’s poetry. The sense of historicity in Du Fu’s poetry in these editions is also strengthened by the use of these two principles.
The Master and the Skull: Painted Daoist Narratives on Song-Yuan Dynasty Ceramic Pillows
Authors: Guarde-Paz César , Cheung Kwan-wai Witney
Published: June 2022

This paper explores the convergence of motives between philosophy and art through the examination of a curious object at the University Museum and Art Gallery of the University of Hong Kong – a unique stone-ware pillow featuring the unconventional representation of a skeleton enthusiastically beaten by two herding boys. The scene, which evokes the episode of Zhuangzi’s pillowing of a skull, presents a number of elements that allow us to deconstruct the complex connections between Buddhist and Daoist imagery featuring skulls and herding boys, as well as the way popular beliefs were instrumentalized into religious performances and luxury objects for either personal enlightenment or for the conversion of the masses. In the conclusion, we analyze additional examples of Daoist narratives in ceramic pillows and other luxury products, drawing conclusions on the stoneware industry and its role in medieval times in the proselytization and the development and understanding of religious beliefs.
Turning the Wheel of Dharma Adhyeṣaṇā Fragments in Old Uighur Referring to the Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra and the Suvarṇaprabhāsasūtra
Authors: Mirkamal Aydar , Raschmann Simone-Christiane
Published: June 2022

The Old Uighur fragment (GT15-64) preserved in National Library of China, Beijing and its parallel fragments (Ch/U 6005 + Ch/U 6411 + Ch/U 7287) preserved in the Berlin Turfan collection are different copies of the same text. This text consists of two parts, an adhyeṣaṇā verse that extols the merit of good deeds, which is immeasurable when one implores the Buddha to turn the dharma-wheel, and a colophon. Although the adhyeṣaṇā part contains many quotations from the Suvarṇaprabhāsasūtra, the colophon indicates that it is an original literary work by Buddhist monks who praise the Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra.
A validated new RP-HPLC method for simultaneous determination of amoxicillin, ampicillin and cloxacillin in pharmaceutical formulations
Authors: Gebretsadik Hailekiros , Kahsay Getu , Eticha Tadele , Gebretsadikan Tesfamichael
Published: June 2022

As per the World Health Organization, 10% of medicines in low- and middle-income nations are of poor quality and pose a huge public health risk. The development and implementation of cost-effective, efficient and quick analytical methods to control the quality of these medicines is one of the immediate strategies to avoid such a situation. Hence, the main goal of this study was to develop and validate a simple, specific and precise new RP–HPLC method for simultaneous analysis of amoxicillin, ampicillin and cloxacillin in pharmaceutical formulations. The chromatographic analysis was achieved using Shodex C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column with UV detection at 225 nm. The mobile phase was a gradient mixture of 30 mM phosphate buffer, pH 4.0 (mobile phase A) and acetonitrile (mobile phase B). Efficient separation of the three drugs was obtained using the final optimized chromatographic conditions. The developed method was validated for its specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy and robustness as per the ICH guidelines. The validation results showed that the method was specific, linear, precise, accurate and robust for the simultaneous determination of the three drugs. The developed method was applied to determine the content of the three drugs in pharmaceutical formulations. The assay results of the preparations showed that their drug content was within the pharmacopeial limit stipulated for each drug product. It can be concluded that the proposed method is suitable for simultaneous determination of amoxicillin, ampicillin and cloxacillin in pharmaceutical formulations in industries and regulatory laboratories.
AI and international law – Legal personality and avenues for regulation
Authors: Hárs András
Published: June 2022

The development of AI has been an explosive process, permeating almost all areas of life. During this rapid evolution, the legal profession has been slow to catch up. This is especially true for international law, which seemingly remains indecisive regarding whether it has a role to play at all. This article aims at mapping out converging points between AI and international law. Through separating key elements of the definition and nature of AI, the possibility of its legal personality and the means by which AI may become a subject of international law are analysed. Utilizing various modalities regarding legal personality, such as that of inanimate objects, corporations and natural persons, the paper presents avenues for if and when decision-makers want to regulate the field. Last, the advantages and problems with bestowing legal personality and the potential future directions of international regulation are observed.
Parmenides’te Hakikat Yolu ve Mantık İlkeleri
Authors: ÇETİN Ali
Published: June 2022

Antik Yunan düşüncesinin mitolojiden ayrılıp sistematik bir düşünceye evrilmesini izleyen süreçte Elea Okulu’nun kurucusu Parmenides, zamanının ve belki de genel olarak sağduyunun tam karşıtı tezlerle düşüncelerini biçimlendirmiştir. Onun ünlü şiiri Doğa Üzerine (Peri physeōs/Περὶ Φύσεως), içerdiği mantıksal ilke, çıkarım, çözümlemeler ışığında, yapı ve imkânı bağlamında bilgi; zaman, mekân, hareket gibi nitelikler çerçevesinde de varlık felsefelerini derinden etkilemiştir. Söz konusu dönemde Parmenides’in ve takipçilerinin mantıksal iç tutarlılığı, savlarındaki rasyonel düzey, Antik Yunan felsefesini biçimlendirmiştir. Onun özellikle doğa felsefesinde ve metafizikte oynadığı rol yadsınamaz. Bununla birlikte aktarılan tek eseri olan şiiri hakkında, ortaya konulan tezler ve bunların yorumları bağlamında belirsizlikler günümüze kadar giderilememiştir. Bu gizemin boyutları, salt klasik düşünce ile ilgili de değildir. Fizik yaklaşımlarına bağlı varlık felsefeleri, bunlara dair kuramsal ve kurumsal inançlar, çeşitli kozmogoni ve dil anlayışları, bir şekilde Parmenides’le ilişkilendirilebilir. Aristoteles’in kurguladığı ve bu nedenle haklı bir şöhreti elde ettiği mantık felsefesinin temellerini oluşturan ve metafizik kökenleri de bulunan bazı içeriklerin erken biçimlerini de Parmenides’te bulmak mümkündür. Dedüktif (deductive/tümdengelimsel) yaklaşımın yanında özellikle özdeşlik, çelişmezlik, üçüncü hâlin imkânsızlığı ve yeter sebep ilkeleri, dile getirilenler arasında en önemli kavramlardır. Doğrudan formüle edilmeyen söz konusu ilkeler, Parmenides’in bilgi, varlık ve ilintili kavramlar hakkında ortaya koyduğu savlar bağlamında kullanılmıştır. Çalışmamızda, Parmenides’in kaleme aldığı şiirin önemli noktalarına değinerek, dile getirdiğimiz ilkelerin kavramsal boyutta kullanım biçimini, mantıksal yapılarını incelemeye, söz konusu sürecin izlerini takip etmeye ve etkilerini irdelemeye çalışacağız. Bu gayretin temel nedeni; Parmenides’in ortaya koyduğu içeriğin, günümüzde de tartışılmaya devam edilmesi, yukarıda dile getirdiğimiz pek çok alanda etkisini sürdürmesi, felsefenin gelişiminde önemli bir köşe taşı olmasıdır.
4-6 Yaş Kur’an Kursu Öğreticilerinin Teknoloji Yeterlilikleri Hakkında Bir Karma Yöntem Araştırması
Authors: İPEK Yasemin , ÖNCÜ Ali
Published: June 2022

Bu araştırma, 4-6 yaş Kur’an kursu öğreticilerinin teknolojik yetkinliklerinin ne düzeyde olduğu ve bu yetkinliği olumlu ya da olumsuz anlamda etkileyen faktörlerin neler olduğu sorusu çerçevesinde yürütülmüştür. Böyle bir sorunun problem olarak ele alınıp çalışılmasının temel nedeni ise Pandemi süreciyle birlikte ortaya çıkan eğitim-öğretim süreçlerinde teknoloji kullanımın önemi konusuna dikkat çekmektir. Araştırmada karma yöntem modellerinden açımlayıcı sıralı desen benimsenmiştir. Çalışmanın birincil veri kümesi olarak nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgilere dönük soruların yer aldığı formun yanı sıra Horzum vd. (2014) tarafından geliştirilen “Teknolojik Pedagojik Alan Bilgisi Ölçeği (TPAB)” gerekli izinler alınarak kullanılmış ve 528 katılımcıya uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın ikincil veri kümesi olarak nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması deseninden faydalanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda iki oturum şeklinde ve her bir oturumda 10 katılımcı olmak üzere toplamda 20 katılımcı ile odak grup görüşmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşmelerin odağında katılımcıların 4-6 yaş grubu Kur’an kursu uzaktan eğitim sürecindeki teknoloji kullanım tecrübelerinden genel olarak bahsetmeleri ile sürecin avantaj ve dezavantajlarını değerlendirmeleri yer almıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen nicel bulgular ışığında öğreticilerin TPAB ölçeği genel ortalamasının iyi olduğu dikkat çekmektedir. Fakat öğreticilerin teknoloji ile ilgili alt boyutlardan almış oldukları puanların genel ortalamanın altında olduğu görülmektedir. Nitel bulgular çerçevesinde ise uzaktan eğitim süreciyle birlikte teknoloji okur yazarlığı farkındalığının arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Öğreticiler kendilerinde ortaya çıkan bu teknoloji farkındalığını korumak ve konuyla ilgili hizmet içi eğitim seminerlerine ihtiyaç duyduklarını belirtmektedir.
Associação entre quedas em idosos e grupo de prevenção
Authors: Paiva Elenir Pereira de , Costa Maira Amorim da , Souza Tamara Costa , Almeida Meire Cavalieri de , Silva Monalisa Claúdia Maria Novaes da , Loures Fabiano Bolpato
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a efetividade das orientações sobre prevenção de quedas em um grupo de idosos na Atenção Básica à Saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal, realizado com idosos selecionados por amostra aleatória simples (274; N=1.234). Os dados abrangeram variáveis sociodemográficas, socioeconômicas, estado civil, condições de saúde, fatores associados a quedas e participação no grupo de prevenção. Utilizou-se a técnica estatística descritiva teste t de Student, e as variáveis dicotômicas, pelo Teste do Qui-Quadrado. O projeto atendeu às exigências éticas. Resultados: amostragem com perfil feminino (61,7%), casados, apresentando baixa escolaridade, idade média de 71,69 anos. Os fatores associados a quedas identificados foram sexo feminino, medicalização e participação no grupo de prevenção. Não houve associação protetora entre realização de grupo de prevenção de quedas em idosos e diminuição do número de quedas. Conclusões: baseado nas evidencias, sugere-se uma intervenção personalizada durante a visita de enfermagem como estratégia para prevenção das quedas.
Linha de cuidado para a atenção à morbimortalidade por causas externas em adolescentes e jovens
Authors: Marques Mariana , Barbiani Rosangela , Nora Carlise Rigon Dalla , Cremonese Luiza , Miguel Taiana Beltrame de , Ciconet Rosane Mortari , Farias Elson Romeu
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Objetivos: descrever o desenvolvimento e modelagem de uma linha de cuidado para a prevenção e atenção à morbimortalidade por causas externas em adolescentes e jovens, no âmbito da gestão municipal do Sistema Único de Saúde. Métodos: estudo metodológico operacionalizado em três etapas: análise situacional; revisão de literatura; desenvolvimento e modelagem. Análise estatística descritiva e de conteúdo do tipo temática foram utilizadas para produzir evidências e embasar a elaboração da linha de cuidado. Resultados: apoiando-se nas evidências do estudo, elaborou-se uma linha de cuidado, cuja proposta teórico-metodológica contemplou: 1) matriz conceitual, 2) matriz educativa, 3) matriz assistencial e 4) matriz operativa. Considerações Finais: as linhas de cuidado são instrumentos potentes para a articulação dos níveis de atenção à saúde, sendo uma proposta resolutiva e exequível haja vista seu custo-efetividade para demandas complexas em saúde como a morbimortalidade de adolescentes e jovens por causas externas.
Representações sociodiscursivas sobre a hanseníase em campanhas educativas: implicações na redução do estigma
Authors: Arantes Elis Oliveira , Lana Francisco Carlos Félix
Published: June 2022

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as representações sociodiscursivas sobre hanseníase produzidas em cartazes de campanhas educativas do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Métodos: pesquisa documental e discursiva acerca de cartazes de campanhas sobre hanseníase produzidas pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil e disponibilizadas no Google Search Imagens. Para análise, usou-se a abordagem da Análise Crítica do Discurso e a Gramática do Design Visual. Resultados: as representações sociodiscursivas sobre hanseníase se pautam na ideologia biomédica, mediante um discurso normativo-curativista que focaliza as manifestações dermatológicas da doença. Com relação à construção do espaço composicional, há cartazes que enfatizam a significação de que a doença não impede relações de afeto, e outros remarcam como “novo” as manifestações clínicas da doença. Considerações Finais: o discurso normativo-curativista produzido nas campanhas não é suficiente para enfrentar estigma relacionado à doença. Para a hanseníase ser compreendida como uma doença crônica comum, é necessário, antes, combater a “lepra social”: o estigma.
Efecto de los Contenidos de Matriz, Grafito y Ferrocromo-Manganeso en Fundentes SAW, Obtenidos con Escorias de Acería y Cenizas de Cascarilla del Arroz, sobre la Composición Química y Dureza del Metal Depositado en Una Camada
Authors: Najarro-Quintero Rodolfo , Cruz-Crespo Amado , Perdomo-González Lorenzo , Duffus Alejandro , Ramírez-Torres José , Fernández-Fuentes Rafael , Morales-Torres Marioxy
Published: June 2022

Resumen: Se aborda el efecto de los contenidos de matriz, grafito y ferrocromo-manganeso en fundentes SAW, obtenidos con escorias de acería y cenizas de cascarilla del arroz, sobre la composición y dureza del metal depositado en una camada. Fueron establecidos vínculos entre las variables de composición del fundente (X1 – Matriz (72,99% de escoria, 20,44% de cenizas de cascarilla del arroz y 6,57% de fluorita), X2- Grafito y X3- Ferrocromo-manganeso) y los contenidos de carbono, cromo, manganeso, silicio, la microdureza y la dureza del depósito y fueron adquiridas imágenes metalográficas. El depósito del fundente de mejor desempeño fue evaluado mediante ensayo de desgaste microabrasivo, frente a un depósito comercial de referencia. Se concluye, que el contenido de carbono, la microdureza y la dureza del metal depositado son gobernado por el grafito y que los contenidos de cromo, manganeso y silicio son gobernados por el ferrocromo-manganeso; que el fundente de mejor desempeño corresponde a, 88% de matriz, 7% de grafito y 5% de ferrocromo-manganeso, con dureza del depósito de 59 HRc, y con microestructura de martensita y austenita interdendrítica. Este se comporta al desgaste adecuadamente, siendo un 6% menos resistente que el de referencia.
Autoeficácia para Regulação Emocional e Autoeficácia Social: Busca de Evidências de Validade de Construtos Relacionados
Authors: Iaochite Roberto Tadeu , Noronha Ana Paula Porto , Casanova Daniela Couto Guerreiro , Santos Acácia Aparecida Angeli dos , Azzi Roberta Gurgel
Published: June 2022

Resumo O presente estudo teve como objetivo buscar evidências de validade para a Escala de Autoeficácia para Regulação Emocional (AERE) por meio da relação com a Escala de Autorregulação Emocional (EARE) e a Escala de Autoeficácia Social (AES). Para tanto, 549 participantes com idades entre 13 e 23 anos (M = 16,82, DP = 1,551), de Belém (72,7%, n = 399) e do Rio de Janeiro (27,3%, n = 150) compuseram a amostra. Eles responderam a EARE e outros dois instrumentos, um que avalia a autorregulação emocional diante da tristeza (Escala de Autorregulação Emocional - EARE) e outro, que avalia a autoeficácia social (Escala de Autoeficácia Social - AES). Os resultados indicaram que a autorregulação emocional mostrou maiores índices de predição em relação à autoeficácia para regulação emocional, do que para a autoeficácia social, embora ambos os construtos tenham gerado coeficientes significativos. Os achados corroboram a literatura, confirmando a evidência de validade para a Escala de Autoeficácia para Regulação Emocional e são discutidos à luz dos pressupostos teóricos.
Religiosidade/Espiritualidade e Adesão à Terapia Antirretroviral em Pessoas Vivendo com HIV
Authors: Carvalho Patrícia Paiva , Cunha Vivian Fukumasu da , Scorsolini-Comin Fabio
Published: June 2022

Resumo Dentre os fatores associados à adesão à Terapia Antirretroviral (TARV) em pessoas vivendo com HIV, destaca-se a religiosidade/espiritualidade (R/E). O objetivo deste estudo foi apresentar as evidências disponíveis sobre a relação entre a dimensão da R/E e a adesão aos antirretrovirais. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa de literatura com buscas nas bases/bibliotecas CINAHL, LILACS, PePSIC, PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus e Web of Science. Foram selecionados artigos empíricos publicados entre janeiro de 2008 e junho de 2019, sendo recuperados 49 estudos após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão/exclusão. Encontraram-se associações positivas, negativas e neutras entre R/E e adesão à TARV, evidenciando que a R/E é uma dimensão psicossocial que pode ser preditora da adesão aos antirretrovirais. O sentido dessa influência, no entanto, ainda não é um consenso na literatura científica. Recomenda-se que essas influências sejam compreendidas a partir de elementos contextuais dessa população e não apenas de marcadores pessoais.
Construção e Evidências de Validade da Escala de Qualidade Conjugal
Authors: Delatorre Marina Zanella , Wagner Adriana
Published: June 2022

Resumo Este estudo buscou construir e verificar evidências de validade de uma escala de avaliação da qualidade conjugal (EQC) para a população brasileira. Os itens foram avaliados por juízes especialistas e leigos. A versão preliminar da EQC consistiu em 28 itens avaliando cinco dimensões: satisfação, compromisso, intimidade, sexualidade e afetividade. A escala foi aplicada em 655 pessoas que estavam em um relacionamento amoroso e em coabitação com o(a) companheiro(a) há no mínimo seis meses. Os participantes também responderam a instrumentos sobre dados sociodemográficos, ajustamento (RDAS-P), satisfação (RelAS), qualidade (Aquarela-R) e conflito conjugal (CRBQ). Foi realizada uma análise fatorial confirmatória, análises de consistência interna e de correlação. O modelo da EQC obteve bom ajuste aos dados, consistência interna adequada e correlações nas direções esperadas com as demais escalas. Conclui-se que o instrumento apresentou evidências de validade satisfatórias, baseadas no conteúdo, estrutura interna e relações com variáveis relacionadas, para aplicação no contexto brasileiro.