bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Not Ready To Make Nice: A Study Of The Intimate Relationship Of The Chicks' Music And Politics
Authors:   , Bishop Danielle
Published: February 2023

In 2003, Natalie Maines, the lead singer of the band then known as the Dixie Chicks, made a political statement to an all British audience. Her statement was both critical of the Iraq War that America had just entered, and also critical of then-President Bush. The Chicks were immediately blacklisted, with audiences burning the Chicks merchandise and radio stations refusing to play any of the music penned by the Chicks. In this thesis, the causal factors behind this level of backlash will be evaluated. Previous studies have indicated the significant impact of gender and music and how this has an impact on response (Griffiths, 2015; Katz, 2008), but this does not account for why other female country artists at the time, and even beyond, were not blacklisted for behavior that can also be interpreted as political. This thesis will introduce a four-pronged theoretical framework in which gender, genre, timing, and framing will all be addressed to understand why the Chicks were severely blacklisted for their statements. By comparing the Chicks to male and female artists inside and outside of the country music genre at the same time, the reason the Chicks faced this extreme backlash becomes more clear. The timing of Maines’s statements in addition to the aggressive packaging in which she presented these statements also had an impact in addition to their gender in the country music genre. In a time where many were experiencing the effects of the Rally around the Flag phenomenon, much of the country music scene expected its artists to support political institutions. When the Chicks did not, and stepped out of the boundaries given to women especially in country music, they received a shocking amount of backlash.
Teachers' Use of Cathartic Methods
Authors:   , Mason Harry
Published: February 2023

The specific problem of this study is to ascertain some of the difficulties experienced by teachers in eliciting emotional catharsis from their pupils and interpreting its results, and to describe these difficulties in operation concepts. The term emotional catharsis is used to mean a spontaneous expression of emotionally toned thoughts or ideas. The term operational concept is taken to mean a unified representation of a state of affairs which is organized so as to suggest its outcome. The term repression is used as defined by Freud. The term rationalization used in the Freudian sense, and refers to the tendency for ideas or tendencies subject to repression to be justified through elaborate and wishful reasoning.
A Study Of The Striated Spark By The Method Of Instantaneous Photography
Authors:   , Cruise Laurence
Published: February 2023

In 1867 Toepler found the existence of a pulse spreading from the region around the spark immediately after it had passed. Since the density of the air in the pulse differs from that of the surrounding gas, the pulse is optically different from the rest of the field and so can be made visible by the “Shadowgraph Method.” Topeler’s work was the first of its kind where an instantaneous view, say of the order of several millionths of a second, of the electric spark was obtained. IN 1926 Dr. Zinszer, while studying the life history of the electric spark by the shadowgraph method, found that in some of the discharges under consideration, the gap between the electrodes was filled with alternate light and dark laminae or striations of about a millimeter width. These occurred in an open air gap and so could hardly be the same type of striations as those found in the positive column of a discharge tube. In a paper by Dr. Zinszer, on the “Mechanism of a Condensed Spark Discharge,” there is a brief discussion on the striations produced in some types of discharges. He considers that they might be laminal aggregations of supercharged particles which are urged away from or attracted to oppositely charged terminals without an appreciable interchange of charge. There is another theory which might be considered, and that is that the striations may be analogous to standing waves in a Kuntz tube – the gap between the electrodes producing the necessary resonance column and the spark concussion producing the necessary energy. The object of this investigation was to discover whether striations could be produced at will, and if so, to determine what factors controlled them.
Male Sexual Aggression-Female Passivity : Are We Reinforcing It?
Authors:   , Horvath Paul
Published: February 2023

Two hundred students from lower division Psychology and Sociology classes each participated in evaluating a male and a female character in one of two short scenes used in this experiment. A pilot study determined that one scene depicted a male behaving in a sexually aggressive manner toward a passive female while the other depicted a female behaving in a sexually aggressive manner toward a passive male. After rending the short scene, subjects rated each character on a 26-word pair semantic differential containing the dimensions of Evaluation, Potency, and Activity. Subjects were also asked how they perceived themselves in comparison to their peers in terms of sexual liberation. It was hypothesized that in general the rating would reflect a tendency toward sex-role stereotyping with the traditional roles of the sexually aggressive male and the sexually passive female being viewed more favorably in comparison to the alternate roles of a sexually aggressive female and a sexually passive male . It was also predicted that those individuals who view themselves as just as sexually liberated or more so than their peers would exhibit less of a tendency to stereotype sex roles when compared to those who view themselves as less sexually liberated than their peers. Sex of the respondent was also considered in the analysis. The data were analyzed using the two-tailed t-test. For the most part the results were not supportive of the hypothesis. There did not appear to be a tendency for sex- role stereotyping but differences suggestive at stereotyping appeared in comparison of the aggressive versus passive roles regardless of the sex of the story character. No differences in the evaluations were observed in comparisons between the liberated and \non-liberated\ groups. No sex differences were observed in the evaluations of either passive character. For the aggressive character the sexes disagreed on one-fifth of their responses. Results of the experiment were discussed in terms of recent literature findings.
The Generation of Revenue in Hays, Kansas as a Result of Expenditures by College Students
Authors:   , Edwards Verlin
Published: February 2023

The major purpose of this study was to accumulate and analyze the expenditures of Fort Hays students in Hays, Kansas in order to emphasize the importance of these students to the city. The examination was to involve an item by item breakdown of all expenses including everything from necessities to luxuries. It was also to give a total expenditure breakdown by sex, school classification, and marital status. Methods and procedures employed: A questionnaire was prepared and used as a record-keeping tool during 100 personal interviews. These 100 interviewees were selected on a random basis, and all persons selected granted us an interview. The information for this study was obtained from these personal interviews. Summary and findings: The student population spent, as a universe, $8,918,097.28 in the city of Hays. There were 4,600 students during the spring of 1966, which means the average student expenditure was $1,938.72. The college student is definitely of economic value to the Hays community, and the college, undoubtedly, is the biggest business in the city.
In Spirit
Authors:   , Harris Teresa
Published: February 2023

This exhibition is a visual representation of all that is important to me. These works are the physical manifestations of my personal revelations, convictions and struggles. The experiences of my life and strong familial relationships form from the ethereal substance from which these autobiographical works have evolved.
Inhumane
Authors:   , Brown Jordan
Published: February 2023

My Goal is to bring awareness to the plight of wild creatures who have lost their habitats due to pollution and urban sprawl. I will be making porcelain vessels that influence people to think about their role on the environment. Both terrestrial and aquatic life has been impacted by humans through poaching, non-traditional medical practices, and human activity in the ocean. By making impressionable clay urns, I hope to bring light to these issues that affect animals. Through research I have been enthused by the steep historical forms from Greece, China, and Europe. Their exceptional skill and knowledge of the potter's wheel has significantly inspired my work. The impact of the atmospheric firings creates unique effects that captivate the viewer. The pieces are affected by the influence of Soda-ash, which is introduced into the kiln at peek temperatures, These colors and textures produced from the soda kiln give each pieces unique and beautiful qualities. My hope is that people feel more connected tot he natural world after seeing my vessels and want to help better our planet.
Auditory Processing Abilities of Adult Male Offenders
Authors:   , Cline Elizabeth
Published: February 2023

Since there is little research regarding a possible relationship between criminogenic behavior and communication disorders, the purpose of this study was to investigate the auditory processing abilities of adult male offenders. This information may be used to aid individuals involved in corrections to implement suitable approaches to rehabilitation and overall communication with offenders. This study was conducted within a medium security correctional facility. Fifty male offenders ranging in age from 19 to 57 years, with a mean age of 33.82 years and normal hearing sensitivity, participated in the study. An auditory processing test and a language screening were administered to assess abilities of participants. The majority of participants scored below the normal range on the SCAN-A. Sixteen had scores within the disordered range, 16 had scores within the questionable range, and 18 scored within functional limits. On the three subtests administered from DTLA-A, participants’ scores varied, with the lowest scores on the vocabulary subtest. There were no variances among scores on the SCAN-A and participant variables such as ethnicity or histories of prior convictions. It appears that many of the participants may have auditory processing and language deficits. These results would indicate a need for speech-language and audiological services within the population. By instituting services for offenders with auditory processing deficits, correctional facilities can be more effective in providing rehabilitation services; thus, reducing recidivism within the population.
Perceptions of Crime Severity as a Function of Offender Race, Age, and Gender
Authors:   , Brethour John
Published: February 2023

Sixty-nine students at Fort Hays State University participated, as subjects, in a magnitude scaling experiment which investigated their perceptions of the severity of various crimes when the offender characteristics of age, race, and sex were varied.
An Analysis of the Therapeutic Effect on Client Behavior of Twelve Consecutive Counseling Sessions
Authors:   , McNeil Edgar
Published: February 2023

The problem set for this study was: (A) to identify the type of counselor the therapist is through an analysis of techniques used by the counselor while \being himself\ or while reacting in the counseling session according to his \own response characteristics\; (B) to determine whether there would be any behavioral changes in the client as measured by a personality inventory, self-evaluation rating scale, and recordings of therapeutic interviews if the counselor was “himself.” In summary, then, it was hypothesized that actual personality changes would occur and that when the counselor was \being himself\ he would be mostly non-directive.
To Ban or Not to Ban : The Supreme Court and Obscenity
Authors:   , Oliva Bonita
Published: February 2023

Since 1957, the United States Supreme Court has exhibited a marked shift in its attitude toward freedom of expression. This shift may be directly attributed to changes in the Court's membership following the appointment of four Justices by Richard M. Nixon from 1969 to 1971. In 1957, the Supreme Court, under the leadership of Chief Justice Earl Warren, decided that the freedom of expression guaranteed by the First and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution did not extend to certain materials which dealt explicitly with sex. In this landmark case, Roth v. United States (1957), the Court defined this Material commonly called obscene or pornographic. In reviewing sixteen obscenity cases in the following twelve years, the Warren Court continued to grapple with the issue of what was obscene, and how it should be defined. At the same time the Court increased constitutional protection afforded freedom of expression as long as sexually-explicit material was not exposed to juveniles or unwilling adults. In the final case decided by the Warren Court, Stanley v. Georgia (1969), the Court extended constitutional protection to pornographic material found within an individual's home. After the election of President Nixon, in 1968, four new Justices, including Chief Justice Warren Burger, were appointed to the Court over a three-year period, 1969-1971. While the Supreme Court did not immediately alter the liberal Warren Court approach to obscenity cases, the new Justices indicated that they preferred more restrictive measures to control sexually-explicit expression. On June 21, 1973, Chief Justice Burger announced the Court's new position on obscenity in decisions in five cases, but particularly in a key case, Miller v. California (1973). This ruling held that the states had a legitimate interest in controlling the dissemination and exhibition of obscene material. The Court rejected portions of the Warren Court's adjudication on obscenity and modified other portions. It ruled that the community standards which were to be used to determine obscenity were those of the local community, not of the nation as held by the Warren Court. Then, in contrast to the Warren Court which usually overruled state statutes infringing on the freedom of expression, the Burger Court began upholding state statutes which were written according to the guidelines stated in the Miller case. Thus, the Burger Court reversed the trend toward the constitutional protection of sexual expression which had been begun by the Warren Court.
Stereotypic Impression Formation as a Function of the Hair Length of the Ratee and the Sex of the Rater
Authors:   , Goldsmith David
Published: February 2023

The life of every human organism is affected greatly by his interpersonal relationships with others. From the moment we are born until the time we die, each of us is compelled by the very nature of human existence to interact with other people. In so doing, we are each engaged in a continuous and unique learning process which directly shapes our social repertoire.
Abstract Space: An Act of Discovery
Authors:   , Campbell Bonnie
Published: February 2023

One main problem of abstract painting has been that of subject matter without the object itself. Subject, imagery, and theory of abstract painting have been put in and taken out of the mainstream of American abstract painting within the situation of art and it’s historians. Painting, for myself and other artists as well, is a series of journeys into the unknown, not by chance but knowingly, with risk, so growth can happen and so that something can be found. ‘Abstract space: an act of discovery’ is the departure for my art and therefore, the concept stated and defended in this thesis.
The Human Dimensions of Waterfowl Hunters at Cheyenne Bottoms Wildlife Area, Barton County, Kansas
Authors:   , Black Jason
Published: February 2023

An on-site human dimension survey was applied at Cheyenne Bottoms Wildlife Area (CHBW), Kansas, to evaluate waterfowl hunters’ support for three alternative management strategies. The strategies included in the survey were: 1) the creation of a refuge-in-time where hunting would be allowed for the entire day, but only on odd-numbered calendar dates, 2) the designation of an existing pool as a primitive pool, i.e., no motorized watercraft allowed, and 3) the creation of a refuge-in-time where hunting would only be allowed in a given pool from ½ hour before sunrise to 1300 hours, but hunting would be allowed every day during that time. Waterfowl hunters at CHBW were surveyed during three different season frameworks during the 2007-2008 and 2008-2009 waterfowl seasons: September teal season, early duck season, and late duck and goose season. There were no significant differences detected relative to season framework; however, waterfowl hunters at CHBW did support the implementation of a primitive pool. The analyses of these surveys will be used to help direct future management decisions, in an effort to increase waterfowl hunter participation and satisfaction at CHBW.
An Investigation into Historical and Contemporary Breeding Occurrence of the Ferruginous Hawk in Kansas
Authors:   , Clark Erica
Published: February 2023

The Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis) is the largest Buteo species occurring in grasslands, nesting along bluffs, buttes and isolated trees. In Kansas, the Ferruginous Hawk is listed as a Species of Greatest Conservation Need, Tier II. A previous study on Ferruginous Hawks nesting in Kansas during the years of 1979 to 1987, with sporadic visits from the 1990s to 2000, revealed that the most productive nesting territories were inaccessible to predators, placed on rocky ledges and the surrounding landscape was over 50% rangeland. I revisited 82 of the 111 historic nest territories in the summers of 2019 and 2020. When a nest was found I flew a drone above the nest to determine if it was occupied and to photograph the nest contents. Of the 82 territories searched, 10 territories were occupied with a total of 18 chicks in 2019 and in 2020, 13 territories were occupied with a total of 17 chicks. All nests were placed on rocky ledges or columns. The findings of this study will be used by KDWPT to determine conservation practices that ensure the persistence of the Ferruginous Hawk in contemporary rangelands.
Common Practices of School Psychologists in the State of Kansas : A Survey of Services and Attitudes
Authors:   , Lyon Brittany
Published: February 2023

The primary focus of the current study was to examine the current stale of school psychology in the state of Kansas, Demographic characteristics of school psychologists in the slate of Kansas on such variables as age, gender, salary, degree level, and ethnicity were explored. Also, Kansas school psychologists were compared to national samples and a study from the state of Arkansas on job roles, such as number of evaluations completed and primary professional activities (e.g. assessment, consultation, counseling). A survey obtained from Arkansas State University (Hall, Claxton, Jones, Clayton, Warnick, & Daniels, 2007) was used as a basis for the survey mailed for data collection. Several new items were added concerning the subject of response-to-intervention. An introductory letter, the survey and a self-addressed stamped envelope were mailed to 499 school psychologists in the state of Kansas. Surveys were re turned by 275 participants, for a response rate of 55.1%. Student-practitioner ratios varied between Kansas and Arkansas as well as education and credentials of the respondents. Working conditions were relatively similar. However, time spent in psycho-educational activities, such as psycho-educational assessment and direct intervention services, differed between the studies. School psychologists from both Kansas and Arkansas reflected similar interests in preferred roles as well as assessment and intervention resources.
Career Maturity of College Students
Authors:   , Cole Ronnie
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate career maturity of college students. The sample consisted of 98 subjects; 25 were males and 73 females. The following independent variables were investigated: activity level, classification, gender, self-esteem, and GPA. The dependent variable was scores from the Career Maturity Inventory attitude scale. Five composite null hypotheses were tested using three-way analysis of variance. A total of 35 comparisons were made; 17 were recurring. Of the 18 comparisons made, one was statistically significant at the .05 level. The main effect for gender was statistically significant. The results of the present study indicated that college female undergraduates had greater career maturity than college male undergraduates. The results of the study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. An association was found between gender and career maturity, 2. No association was found between activity and career maturity, 3. No association was found between classification and career maturity, 4. No association was found between self-concept and career maturity, and 5. No association was found between GPA and career maturity.
Rondo For Band
Authors:   , Wittig Donald
Published: February 2023

An original piece written for full symphonic band.
The Effect of Experienced and Expected Control on Verbal Operant Conditioning
Authors:   , Ingram Carl
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this experiment was to better define the relationship of personality variables to conditionability (responsiveness to verbal operant conditioning) and to find a measure that can differentiate between individuals that are easily conditioned and those who are not easily conditioned. This experiment examined how 56 female undergraduate Ss differed in verbal operant conditioning as a function of whether they experienced control over their environment and whether or not they expected to control the outcomes of their behavior. The half-hour experiment was divided into two procedural phases: In Phase I the Ss completed the Tiffany Experience Control (EC) Scale and the Rotter Internal - External (I - E) Control of Reinforcement Scale which, by a median split on each scale, divided the Ss into four groups of 14. The two Scales are theoretically similar but do not correlate. In Phase II, the Ss were administered the Taffel Sentence Construction Task. It was hypothesized that conditionability would be a function of expected control of reinforcers and experienced control from the environment. The predicted hypotheses were not supported. The results indicated a reversal and a limiting of the hypothesis. Conditionability showed a tendency as a function of the combination of expected and experienced control. The I-E X EC X Blocks of Learning Trials interaction showed a tendency. The main effect for Blocks was significant. The I-E variable may have accounted for some of the variance as opposed to the EC in the interaction. These results suggested that the combined Scales by Blocks may have reached significance if more Blocks of Learning Trials had been required. Tentative explanations for I-E probably accounting for more variance in the I-E X EC X Blocks are offered in terms of awareness, perceived choice and social desirability.
Orthogonal Functions
Authors:   , Janousek Arnold
Published: February 2023

It was the purpose of this thesis (1) to investigate certain known orthogonal functions; (2) to exhibit elements of similarity among them; (3) to show that they arise as the solutions of differential equations in a similar way; (4) to establish that the differential equations which yield them are similar and are special cases of yet another more general differential equation; (5) to verify that the Sturm-Liouville theory can be applied to each of these differential equations; and (6) to demonstrate how each of these orthogonal functions is used to give a series representation of a given function. By direct computation it was shown that the orthogonal functions studied arose from their respective differential equations in a similar way. These differential equations were then shown to be special cases of a more general differential equation, thus showing another similarity among the orthogonal functions. The Sturm-Liouville theory was used to find certain information in order to establish the orthogonality of the functions that were a solution of the various differential equations. Finally, by direct methods each of the orthogonal functions was utilized in forming a series representation of two arbitrary functions and these series representations were put in graphic form to show yet another similarity of the orthogonal functions that were studied.
A Study of a Treatment of Oriented Residential Center for Socially Maladjusted Male Adolescents
Authors:   , Hufford Donald
Published: February 2023

The paper contains the results of a study of a church related, treatment oriented, residential center for socially maladjusted male adolescents located at Dodge City, Kansas. The study involved an evaluation of educational, psychological, psychiatric, and sociological factors pertaining to 126 boys who had been served by the agency during the period 1960 through 1970. The study was conceived, designed, and implemented to relate to treatment theories and modalities appropriate to the residential treatment of adolescents with social maladjustment problems. It included the results of original research regarding the Dodge City program blended with concepts and ideas derived from the reading and analysis of published literature in the field.
A Nonexperimental Investigation of the Risk for Compassion Fatigue in Critical Care Rns
Authors:   , Lynn Melissa
Published: February 2023

Critical care nurses work in a fast-paced and sometimes volatile work environment. Compassion fatigue is a risk that nurses and other helping professionals face. It is a secondary traumatic stress disorder similar to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Unfortunately, few studies in literature reflect the impact of repeatedly caring for traumatically injured patients. When compassion fatigue strikes, it may affect the emotional, physical, and spiritual health of the individual. Knowing who is at the greatest risk for developing compassion fatigue is only the beginning in prevention within nursing professionals. Current research and literature about compassion fatigue in nursing is limited. Articles by Schwam (1998) and Clark and Gioro (1998) define compassion fatigue. Zimmer and Cabelus (2003) studied the coping mechanisms of nurses frequently exposed to violence, while Maytum, Heiman, and Garwick (2004) explored the types of coping strategies utilized by pediatric nurses in various settings. Jezuit (2002) studied critical care nurses and exposure to suffering patients and end-o f-life situations. Investigations about other professionals and compassion fatigue, burnout and stress, and post-traumatic stress disorder were also reviewed. The Systems Model Theory by Betty Neuman (Neuman & Fawcett, 2002) provided the theoretical framework for this investigation. The theory is based upon the systems of clients maintaining homeostasis. When a registered nurse (RN) repeatedly cares for patients suffering traumatic injuries, the homeostasis or the RN is jeopardized. Critical care nurses at six Rocky Mountain area hospitals participated in this investigation. Three hospitals were classified as level III trauma hospitals, and three were classified as level II trauma hospitals. One hundred and ninety nine nurses completed surveys for this investigation. Of these surveys, 159 were complete and utilized. When comparing compassion fatigue in critical care RNs working in level I trauma hospitals with critical care RNs working in level III trauma hospitals, no statistical significance was shown. Additionally, no significance was shown when comparing critical care RNs working in an ICU with critical care RNs working in an ER. The results of the analysis indicated a strong negative correlation between the years of critical care experience and the risk tor compassion fatigue. No significant correlation between the age of the RN and the risk for compassion fatigue was shown.
Speech-Act Theory Used as a Script Analysis Too For She Stoops To Conquer
Authors:   , Stroh Sherry
Published: February 2023

The play director has access to a variety of approaches for script analysis. The purpose of this thesis was to complete a script analysis of the characters in Harold G. Sliker's (1944) adapted and abridged one-act version of Oliver Goldsmith's She Stoops to Conquer, through application of speech-act theory. The script was coded according to the speech-acts used on a line by line basis. The results provided understanding of the characters speech actions. This provides the director with descriptions of the characters actions and the speech actions the actor should use for believability. Speech-act theory was applicable to the earlier style of English language in the script. Script analysis by speech-act theory’s applicable but does not prove to be better than other tools the director already uses.
Sensitivity to Verbally and Physically Harassing Behaviors and Reported Incidents in Junior High/Middle School Students
Authors:   , Turner Penelope
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the researcher was to investigate the sensitivity of junior high/middle school students to statements depicting verbal and physical sexual harassment. The following independent variables were investigated: gender, grade level, age, size of district, grades received, participation in sports, birth order, developmental level and self esteem. The dependent variables were scores from the following scales of the Sensitivity to Verbal and Physical Harassing Behavior Questionnaire: Verbal Harassing Behaviors, Physical Harassing Behaviors and Total. The sample consisted of 201 junior high/middle school students, 103 males and 98 females. Six composite null hypotheses were tested at the .05 level employing a three-way analysis of variance (general linear model). A total of 98 comparisons were made plus 45 recurring. Of the 98 comparisons, 27 were for main effects and 51 for interactions. Of the 27 main effects 6 were statistically significant at the .05 level. Of the 51 interactions 6 were statistically significant at the .05 level. The results of the present study appeared to support the following generalizations: 1. females have greater sensitivity to Verbal Harassing Behaviors than males, 2. females have greater sensitivity to Physical Harassing Behaviors than males, 3. females have greater sensitivity to Total than males, 4. grade level and size of district should be interpreted concurrently for the dependent variable Physical Harassing Behaviors, 5. participation in sports and birth order should be interpreted concurrently for the dependent variable Verbal Harassing Behaviors, 6. grades received, participation in sports and birth order should be interpreted concurrently for the dependent variable Physical Harassing Behaviors, 7. grades received, participation in sports and birth order should be interpreted concurrently for the dependent variable Total, and 8. subjects reported high sensitivity.
Robert Frost : A Poet Both Provincial and Universal
Authors:   , Carver Myrna
Published: February 2023

There is disagreement among the critics as to the classification under, which Frost is to be placed. Some say that he is strictly a local poet because he deals so much with New England material. Others say that he is a universal poet, for, although he does write extensively of his mm region, its climate, its characters, and its culture, he is, nevertheless, a universal poet who vests these local or provincial elements with meaning as broad in scope as the experience and thought of man. The purpose of this thesis, then, is to produce evidence presented by critics of ea.ch school and to interpret other poems, which fit into the suggested categories, to show- that Robert Frost is a poet both provincial and universal.
An Investigation of Spelling Difficulties In The Elementary Grades
Authors:   , Wetlaufer Caryle
Published: February 2023

It is easy to observe errors in spelling, but difficult to understand why they exist. The problem of this thesis is an investigation of spelling difficulties in the elementary grades. More specifically the problem is a study of spelling errors in relation to a pupil's spelling achievement; to record and classify the errors made end their frequency in grades two to eight inclusive ; also the variation in the percentage of spelling errors of each word in each test in any given grade as a means of grade placement for words in spell mg. Probably in few other elementary school subjects has there been as much experimental work done as in the field of spelling. Nevertheless, there is still need for further careful analysis and study of the problem of spelling in order that better results may be obtained.
The Isolation and Identification of the Chemical Constituents of the Root of Echinacea Augustifolia, Dc
Authors:   , Sallee Terry
Published: February 2023

A procedure has been developed for the isolation and separation of the several chemical classes of the constituents in the root of the Echinacea angustlfolia, DC. This procedure separates the ethanol soluble components into different classes of organic compounds. After the separation of the component classes of compounds a preliminary study of the chemical properties of the naturally occurring substances was made. Through these characteristics one compound has been positively identified and several other compounds tentatively identified. By use of this method of separation any ethanol soluble class of organic compounds occurring in the root may be obtained for further study without difficulty.
The Factorial Measurement of Master's Level Functions in Mental Health Agencies
Authors:   , Bogart Lynn
Published: February 2023

Twenty master’s level clinical functions and training models were either endorsed, or not endorsed by chief psychologists from 396 mental health agencies. The 396 cases were divided into two halves with each half randomly selected to provide proportional representation from each facility type, and the two halves were separately factor analyzed. Several methods of rotation were examined. The method selected was orthogonal since it most reliably reproduced the same factors in both samples. Four factors were retained after being found reliably reproduced across both samples. The entire sample was then factored, and factor scores for each reliable factor were obtained for each case. The quality of the factor scores was checked by computing the intercorrelations of the factor scores and comparing them to the expected intercorrelation of factors. Mean factor scores were generated for each of nine mental health agency types and displayed graphically. Planned comparisons across agency types were made for mean factor scores for three of the four reliable factors retained. All comparisons were significant and differences were in the expected direction.
Surveys For Rare and Endangered Mussel Species In Kansas: Traditional Methods and Environmental DNA Analysis
Authors:   , Buer Kaden
Published: February 2023

The Mucket (Actinonaias ligamentina) is one of the rarest freshwater mussel species in the state of Kansas. It historically occurred in the Kansas and Osage River systems in the state. The Mucket has been extirpated from most streams and rivers in Kansas where it historically occurred, and few specimens have been documented in recent years. The objective of my project was to determine the conservation status of the Mucket by conducting qualitative surveys in the Osage River system of eastern Kansas. My goals were to collect information that will aid in the recovery of the Mucket and to provide information regarding the mussel communities in these streams. During the summer of 2016, I surveyed 14 sites on the Marais des Cygnes River, 5 sites on Pottawatomie Creek, and 4 sites on the Marmaton River. I collected one live Mucket on Pottawatomie Creek. During the course of the survey, I collected 2,993 live mussels representing 19 species.
Director's Notebook : \The Boys in The Band\
Authors:   , Leuszler Donna
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this production thesis is to present the development, understanding, and knowledge of the graduate student specializing in theatre.
A Study of International Trade in Thai Rice
Authors:   , Sirisuthikul Vorachai
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the fundamental problems of rice, both in production and distribution with emphasis on international trade. This study is divided into four main parts. The first gives the general characteristics of the nation's economy pertaining to agriculture, industry and foreign trade. The second is a study of rice industry in Thailand; the problems of growing two crops of rice a year and the problems of marketing facilities. The third deals with Thai rice in world trade: the operation of rice premiums (a type of tax) as a price regulation mechanism and as a source of revenue; the effects of rice premiums and the imposition of export restrictions. The fourth makes projections of the domestic and foreign demand and domestic supply. Two levels of assumptions are used in this study: the low and the high assumptions. The projections of demand cover the period up to 1985 while the projections of supply cover the period up to 1980. The writer believes that the problems of rice can be solved by changing cultural practices under economic incentives and reducing illiteracy. In international trade the reduction of rice premiums and export restrictions would expand market opportunities for Thai rice. The stabilization of national and international fluctuations can be achieved by a greater cooperation between the nations.
Racial Differences in Intellegence Between Whites and Negroes of Similar Social and Economic Status in Saline and Graham Counties
Authors:   , Kluge William
Published: February 2023

It is the purpose of this paper to discover whether or not the intelligence of the Negro is equal to that of the whites when the two groups are placed on an equal social and economic status.
Ceramics and Fiber
Authors:   , Urban Linda
Published: February 2023

Ceramics and fiber work well in combination to create a unique area of visual art, one which has provided a great deal of satisfaction to me in the construction of the various art forms presented in my thesis show. Creating with fiber is a stimulating experience dealing with the various textures, colors and nature of such a diverse medium. The natural aspect of clay, being obtained from the mother earth, provides the accent which compliments the many natures of the fiber. In combining these two mediums I hope to have achieved a vital and expressive form of art.
Matching Social Support with Stressors : Relationships Between Controllability of Stressors and Helpfulness Ratings of Different Types of Social Support
Authors:   , Giebler Lacy
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the present field study was to examine the relationships between controllability of stressful events and helpfulness ratings of different types of social support. The method of the research involved asking 87 college students enrolled in spring session classes to complete a packet of questionnaires concerning stressful situations and social support. The subjects were asked to identify the most stressful situation that they had encountered during the past semester. Two of the questionnaires were designed to obtain helpfulness ratings for different types of received and preferred social support with reference to the identified stressors. Another questionnaire measured the subjects’ appraisals of the degree of controllability of the stressors. Correlation coefficients were computed to test three hypotheses that were based on the Cutrona-Russell model for optimal matching between types of stressors and social support (Cutrona, 1990; Cutrona & Russell, 1990). These hypotheses were that there would be positive associations between (a) uncontrollability of a stressor and the helpfulness of emotional support, (b) controllability of a stressor and the helpfulness of instrumental support, and (c) controllability of a stressor and the helpfulness of esteem support. Results failed to provide support for the first hypothesis. Two of twelve correlations between controllability scores and helpfulness ratings for instrumental support were significant and in the predicted direction, thus providing slight support for the second hypothesis. Of six coefficients relevant to the third hypothesis, only one involved a significant, predicted correlation between controllability scores and helpfulness ratings for esteem support. Hence, the results were also regarded as providing only slight support for the third hypothesis. Supplementary results indicated that there was a positive relationship between the support that others provided the subjects and the support that they preferred to receive.
Personality and Sexual Motives in Perpetrators of Child Sexual Abuse
Authors:   , Jordan Jennifer
Published: February 2023

Although several studies have examined personality characteristics that may help to differentiate perpetrators of child sexual abuse from other groups of people, no known study has attempted to identify personality characteristics in relation to the sexual motives of such perpetrators. In the present study, 22 perpetrators of child sexual abuses were administered the NEO Personality Inventory Revised (NEO PI-R; Costa & McCrae, 1992) and the Affective and Motivational Orientation Related to Erotic Arousal Questionnaire (AMORE; Hill & Preston, 1996) to assess personality traits and sexual motives, respectively. A significant positive relationship was found between the emotional intimacy motive and the openness to feelings facet, suggesting that perpetrators motivated by emotional intimacy in their relationships with children may be open to or award of their own emotional experiences. Other exploratory findings are reported.
Diversity of Fabric and Fiber
Authors:   , Fisher Beuna
Published: February 2023

The objective of this show is to demonstrate how diversity of art and fabrics can be achieved through the manipulation of fibers and techniques. Each piece is unique-from flat to sculptural form-illustrating the immense variety of form, color, and texture art fabrics can display.
The Effects of a Token Reward System on Reading Comprehension
Authors: Boyer Sarah , null null , null null , null null , null null , null null
Published: February 2023

In our educational system today, a student's academic success is the result of good classroom management and self-reinforcement. While some students can achieve success in school due to intrinsic motivation, others may need more. Reading comprehension skill is essential for the early education years and is critical in all aspects of a student’s life. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between a token reward system and reading comprehension scores. This study was structured as a quasi-experimental AB design and included two separate phases over a course of 12 weeks with 12 middle school participants. Phase A was a six-week treatment phase in which a token reward system was implemented to test its effects on reading comprehension scores. Phase B was the second half of the study, where the token reward system was discontinued and reading comprehension scores continued to be monitored. Data was collected and analyzed on the effects the token reward system had on reading comprehension scores using a paired sample t-test. This author hypothesized that with the implementation of a token reward system, the participants’ combined reading comprehension scores would increase. Results showed a significant difference in reading comprehension scores between Phase A and Phase B, in which during Phase A with the implementation of a token reward system, reading comprehension scores increased.
The Relationship Between Adaption-Innovation and Experienced Control and Anxiety in Work Situations
Authors:   , Elder Richard
Published: February 2023

This study examined the relationship between the adaptive-innovative cognitive style, experienced control, and anxiety in work situations. A questionnaire packet was distributed to the faculty and administrators at a middle-sized midwestern state university. The questionnaires included the Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory to measure cognitive problem solving style, the Experience Control Work Situations Scale, to measure the individuals experienced control in different work situations, and the Spielberger State/Trait Anxiety Inventory measuring the level of state and trait anxiety the individual feels in their life. The results of this study indicated that adaptors and innovators do report experienced control differently in work situations. It was found that adaptor feel controlled from the environment (external forces) in most situations. Innovators indicated that they felt control over themselves (internal drives and pressures) and the environment in most situations and control from themselves in many situations. The results of this study indicate that adaptors and innovators feel stress differently in different situations. Adaptors also appeared to exhibit high levels of coping (as measured by the ECWSS) in fewer work situations than did innovators. Finally, it was found that adaptors and innovators are evenly distributed throughout a university setting. These results are discussed as they apply to the hiring, team building, and counseling practices in organizations.
Cross Cultural Equivalency of the Defining Issues Test 2 : A Study of American and Greek Populations
Authors:   , Karamavrou Sofia
Published: February 2023

The Defining Issues Test 2 (DIT 2) is an instrument designed to measure moral development. It is based on Kohlberg's theory of moral development, who proposed that individuals go through 3 levels. The first level, pre-conventional, includes most children age of 9-years-old and some adolescents. During this stage the individual has yet to fully understand and uphold conventional or societal rules and expectations. The second level, conventional, is reached by most adolescents and adults in almost every society. Individuals conform to and uphold the rules and expectation and conventions of society or authority just because they are society's rules. The final level, post-conventional, is reached by only a minority of adults and is usually reached only after the age of 20. During this stage the individual not only accepts the society’s laws but also develops an understanding for general moral principles that underlie these rules. Kohlberg proposed that males and females develop morally the same and that the stages of moral development are universal and can be observed in almost every society. The purpose of this study was to examine whether two different cultural populations, in this case Americans and Greeks, are similar in their moral development. The DIT 2 is the main instrument used in this study to assess moral development of these two populations. It was hypothesized that both American and Greek college students will obtain similar P and N2 indexes of moral development in the DIT 2. It was also hypothesized that there would not be any significant differences between the moral development of females and males in both groups. In addition there would be a difference in moral development stemming from educational advancement with freshman obtaining lower scores than seniors. The findings indicated a low but significant correlation between the scores on the P and N2 indexes obtained by Greek and American participants (r = .189 and .381 respectively). As a result the first two hypotheses were not supported because cultural differences do exist. Furthermore there were no significant differences found between males and females in the research sample, which was supported by past literature. However, there were no significant differences between upper- and lower classmen and their moral development score in contrast with past studies. Further research with a more balanced and equivalent sample between the two cultures and dealing with possible issues of translation is needed.