bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Influência das Capacidades de Detecção, Apreensão e Reconfiguração no Desenvolvimento de Capacidades Dinâmicas Sustentáveis
Authors: Zaluski Felipe Cavalheiro , Welter Clarice Vepo do Nascimento , Sausen Jorge Oneide , Gomes Clandia Maffini , Bichueti Roberto Schoproni
Published: August 2021

O estudo buscou analisar a influência das capacidades de detectar oportunidades e ameaças (sensing), capacidade de apreensão de oportunidades (seizing) e capacidade de gerenciar ameaças e transformações (reconfiguring) no desenvolvimento de Capacidades Dinâmicas Sustentáveis em indústrias da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre/RS. Com natureza descritiva, foi conduzido por meio de uma survey com setenta e sete indústrias de grande porte, com análise quantitativa dos dados por meio da modelagem de equações estruturais. Pode-se concluir que a articulação das capacidades dinâmicas alinhadas com os conceitos de sustentabilidade pode auxiliar as empresas no desenvolvimento de capacidades dinâmicas sustentáveis. Com relações as implicações teóricas, o artigo contribui para o avanço dos estudos relacionados às capacidades dinâmicas e sustentabilidade, haja visto que os estudos que utilizam os dois conceitos ainda são incipientes. Argumenta-se que se as empresas desenvolverem a capacidade de detectar oportunidade e ameaças, apreensão de oportunidades e gerenciamento de ameaças e transformações orientadas à sustentabilidade, migrarão para estratégias e operações que se traduzirá em viabilidade não só econômica, mas também ambiental e social. Portanto, desenvolver capacidades dinâmicas sustentáveis é um caminho para a sustentabilidade empresarial.
A Determinação dos Jovens Rurais e a Sucessão na Agricultura Familiar
Authors: Nottar Luiz Alberto , Favretto Jacir
Published: August 2021

Este artigo teve como objetivo investigar as perspectivas dos jovens do Oeste de Santa Catarina relativas à agricultura, diante da temática da sucessão familiar. Aborda as expectativas e os desafios por eles enfrentados, com entrevistas de 215 jovens vinculados a 04 instituições de ensino e mais três grupos integrantes de ações coordenados pela EPAGRI/CEPAF (Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária e Difusão de Tecnologia de Santa Catarina/Centro de Pesquisa da Agricultura Familiar), entre novembro de 2016 a setembro de 2018. A escolha das entidades deu-se pela afinidade do pesquisador e os questionários foram realizadas durante palestras em atividades de extensão. Os participantes da pesquisa são filhos de agricultores do oeste catarinense com idade entre 14 e 29 anos. Os jovens demonstram forte interesse de continuar empreendendo na agropecuária, perseverando os negócios da família como projeto de vida, indicando boas perspectivas para a sucessão na agricultura familiar.
Deepfake:
Authors: Bañuelos Capistrán Jacob
Published: August 2021

El deepfake es una especie mediática que evoluciona progresivamente como una amenaza para los dicursos del hacer creer en tiempos de la posverdad. Este estudio tiene como objetivo construir un escenario socio-mediático sobre el fenómeno del deepfake para su comprensión y análisis, en donde se propone una clasificación de géneros, casos, campos discursivos, tecnologías de producción y detección, problemáticas éticas y retos culturales que impone esta forma emergente de establecer narrativas a través de la imagen y el sonido. Como telón de fondo de este escenario está el concepto de posverdad, entendido como un fenómeno gestado en el seno de los medios digitales y que protagoniza una guerra de los discursos del poder en el seno de los medios digitales y electrónicos. El estudio revela un escenario emergente, evolutivo, cambiante, altamente dinámico y progresivo del deepfake, como instrumento político, pieza de entretenimiento, activismo y arma de acoso que plantea nuevos retos tecnológicos, éticos, legales y culturales.
La fotografía incómoda en la era digital
Authors: Pérez Daza Johanna , Prada Wilson
Published: August 2021

¿Existen vínculos entre fotografía e incomodidad? ¿Por qué se difunden imágenes que resultan perturbadoras de mirar? ¿Conviene mostrar este tipo de fotografías? A partir de estas y otras interrogantes, reflexionamos sobre el complejo papel de la imagen en el escenario digital. En la red circulan fotografías incómodas e imágenes perturbadoras que acentúan la necesidad de fortalecer la lectura del texto fotográfico y las competencias digitales con la intención de potenciar la mirada crítica, la duda y la reflexión. El inestimable valor que hemos dado a la imagen con el pasar de los años y la forma en que ella afecta nuestra comprensión del mundo, nos coloca frente al desafío de una tecnoética que requiere pensar y contextualizar la fotografía, sobre todo, aquellas que incomodan y perturban, pero no por ello renunciar a la insistencia a mirar y diferenciar, advertidos de los riesgos de la mentira, la manipulación y el poder.
Narrativas del crimen en los documentales de no ficción:
Authors: Romero Domínguez Lorena R.
Published: August 2021

El presente trabajo analiza la evolución del documental de no ficción true crime. Realizamos un acercamiento teórico al género hasta llegar, en la actualidad, a su consolidación como producto de entretenimiento en las plataformas de vídeo bajo demanda (VOD). A través de una revisión bibliográfica y ejemplos de documentales trataremos de descubrir las principales modificaciones experimentadas en el entorno de las plataformas de streaming. Analizaremos, asimismo, si estos cambios se contemplan como una estrategia para marcar distancias con los productos sensacionalistas asociados a los crime realitites de los 80 y 90 en la televisión tradicional.
Narrativas audiovisuales líquidas sobre masculinidades futuras:
Authors: Valhondo Crego José Luis
Published: August 2021

Las representaciones cinematográficas de identidades en la cultura popular nunca han sido arbitrarias; funcionan negociando significados políticos con sus públicos. Las imágenes de los medios pueden ayudar a emancipar o limitar el potencial de los representados. Partiendo de que la masculinidad siempre ha sido un significante flotante listo para ser rearticulado, este texto tiene como objetivo analizar la representación masculina presente en el primer episodio de la quinta temporada de Black Mirror, titulado Striking Vipers, que da nombre al videojuego que comparten los protagonistas. Los resultados señalan las contradicciones de la representaciones mediáticas que afectan al debate sobre la identidad de género y la performatividad. Por una parte, las premisas del relato apoyan una tesis emancipadora de las identidades de género, basada en la conciencia de su performatividad. Por la otra, el desenlace contradice esta idea generando una representación conservadora y tradicional a pesar de su aparente carácter progresista, que se enmascara con la distopía tecnológica.
Design of a monitoring network: from macro to micro design
Authors: Lepot Mathieu , Kapelan Zoran , Clemens-Meyer Francois H. L. R.
Published: August 2021

Designing a monitoring network or a measuring set-up or a monitoring station is a typical (multidisciplinary) engineering enterprise: a range of potentially conflicting demands (technical, financial and managerial) and limitations (e.g. availability of resources, skilled personnel, regulations) have to be respected. This chapter addresses the design aspects on both the macro scale (a monitoring network) and on the micro scale. The macro scale addresses what to measure, where to measure, how frequently to measure and the applications of models in the design process. On the micro scale issues with safety, accessibility and practical limitations are discussed. This chapter has close links with virtually all other chapters in this book and a comprehensive set of literature references is supplied to allow the interested reader to broaden his/her knowledge on the subject.
A maximum entropy copula-based frequency analysis method for assessing bivariate drought risk: a case study of the Kaidu River Basin
Authors: Yang X. , Li Y. P. , Huang G. H.
Published: August 2021

In this study, a maximum entropy copula-based frequency analysis (MECFA) method is developed through integrating maximum entropy, copulas and frequency analysis into a general framework. The advantages of MECFA are that the marginal modeling requires no assumption and joint distribution preserves the dependence structure of drought variables. MECFA is applied to assessing bivariate drought frequency in the Kaidu River Basin, China. Results indicate that the Kaidu River Basin experienced 28 drought events during 1958–2011, and drought inter-arrival time is 10.8 months. The average duration is 6.2 months (severity 4.6), and the most severe drought event lasts for 35 months (severity 41.2) that occurred from June 1977 to March 1980. Results also disclose that hydrological drought index (HDI) 1 is suitable for drought frequency analysis in the target year of return periods of 5 and 10, HDI 3, HDI 6 and HDI 12 are fit for the target year of return periods of 20, 50 and 100. The joint return period can be used as the upper bound of the target return period, and the joint return period that either duration or severity reaches the drought threshold can be used as the lower bound of the target return period.
Degradation of glyphosate in water by the application of surface corona discharges
Authors: Zocher Katja , Gros Peter , Werneburg Matthias , Brüser Volker , Kolb Juergen F. , Leinweber Peter
Published: August 2021

Glyphosate (GLP) is one of the most widely applied herbicides, and is found ubiquitously in the environment. The removal of glyphosate from waste water and soil is challenging and can be achieved with chemical or biological methods, which, nevertheless, suffer from different disadvantages. The application of a physical plasma for the removal of GLP in water was examined by the application of surface corona discharges in a wire-to-cylinder setup filled with argon. The plasma was ignited at the liquid surface without any additives. By applying a photometric method, GLP was detected after derivatisation with fluorenyl methoxycarbonyl chloride, whereas phosphate was determined with ammonium molybdate. A GLP degradation rate of 90.8% could be achieved within a treatment time of 30 minutes with an estimated energy efficiency of 0.32 g/kWh.
Mass online course in mathematics for school students: the problem of content organization
Authors: Popov Konstantin Alekseevich
Published: August 2021

The article summarizes the experience of forming the content of online courses in mathematics for school students. The main approaches to the organization and presentation of materials and tasks are studied.
High Throughput Screening for Drug Discovery and Virus Detection
Authors: Chen Xin , Oke Adetola , Sahin Deniz , Shang Ying
Published: August 2021

Background:

High throughput screening systems are automated labs for the analysis of
many biochemical substances in the drug discovery and virus detection process. This paper was
motivated by the problem of automating testing for viruses and new drugs using high throughput
screening systems. The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-
2) at the turn of 2019-2020 presented extraordinary challenges to public health. Existing
approaches to test viruses and new drugs do not use optimal schedules and are not efficient.

Objective:

The scheduling of activities performed by various resources in a high throughput
screening system affects its efficiency, throughput, operations cost, and quality of screening. This
study aims to minimize the total screening (flow) time and ensure the consistency and quality of
screening.

Methods:

This paper develops innovative mixed-integer models that efficiently compute optimal
schedules for screening many microplates to identify new drugs and determine whether samples
contain viruses. The methods integrate job-shop and cyclic scheduling. Experiments are conducted
for a drug discovery process of screening an enzymatic assay and a general process of detecting
SARS-CoV-2.

Results:

The method developed in this article can reduce screening time by as much as 91.67%.

Conclusion:

The optimal schedules for high throughput screening systems greatly reduce the total
flow time and can be computed efficiently to help discover new drugs and detect viruses.
Sensitivity Level of Placenta Accreta Index (PAI) Score and Placenta Accreta
Spectrum (PAS) Stage as Preoperative Diagnostic Tools for Placenta
Accreta Spectrum Disorders (PASD) at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital
Medan Indonesia
Authors: Purnama Utari , Sitepu Makmur , Edianto Deri , Lumbanraja Sarma Nursani , Sudewo Yudha , Simanjuntak Roy Yustin , Lubis Muara Panusunan , Barus Melvin Nova Gunawanto
Published: August 2021

Background:

The incidence of Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders (PASD) has increased
by 10-fold in 50 years along with the number of cesarean sections. Ultrasound examination
using Placenta Accreta Index (PAI) score and Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) stage as a predictor
of PASD has been used worldwide at the antenatal screening. The high diagnostic value of these
tools will help the physician to diagnose PASD early and minimize the rate of maternal neonatal
mortality and morbidity.

Objectives:

To evaluate the value of PAI score and PAS stage in diagnosing PASD.

Methods:

This study is a diagnostic test study using the medical records of mothers who gave birth
at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital Medan Indonesia between September 2017 to September
2020, who were diagnosed preoperatively as placenta previa suspected PASD through ultrasound
examination using PAI score or PAS stage. The results of these two diagnostic tests were compared
to clinical diagnostic criteria of PASD from The International Federation of Obstetrics and
Gynecology (FIGO) with or without histopathological confirmation.

Results:

Of the 177 placenta previa cases, there were 142 women with PASD (80.2%). The diagnostic
values of PAI score with 4.6 as an optimal cut-off point were 75% sensitivity, 83% specificity,
94% positive predictive values (PPV), and 47% negative predictive values (NPV). The diagnostic
values of the PAS stage were 90% sensitivity, 83%, specificity, 96% PPV, and 68% NPV.

Conclusion:

PAI score and PAS stage have a diagnostic value that looks equally good when used
as a diagnostic tool for PASD.
Gemcitabine-Related Atrial Fibrillation: A Case Report and Review of the
Literature
Authors: Abdallah Ichrak B. , Nasr Sonia Ben , Chourabi Chadia , Zribi Aref , Balti Mehdi , Fehri Wafa , Haddaoui Abderrazek
Published: August 2021

:

Gemcitabine is a commonly used antimetabolite that has been effective in a broad spectrum
of tumors so far. The main grade three and four known toxicity of this drug is myelosuppression.
Cardiac adverse events have been rarely reported and gemcitabine-induced Atrial-Fibrillation
(AF) has been described in only five previous cases so far. Here we report the 6th case of gemcitabine-
related AF. A 68-year-old man diagnosed with metastatic nasopharyngeal cancer was referred
to our oncology department. He started first-line chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin.
He presented poorly tolerated atrial fibrillation related to gemcitabine infusion that lasted
for six days. The treatment was then withdrawn, and the patient received the best supportive care.
We conclude that medical oncologists and cardiologists should be aware of such toxicities of gemc-
itabine, especially in the elderly who seem to be at a higher risk of such adverse events and
which may dictate discontinuation of the drug.
An Ayurvedic Based Dermal Treatment for Skin Sanitization
Authors: Wal Pranay , Wal Ankita , Pal Rashmi Saxena , Pal Yogendra , Saraswat Nikita
Published: August 2021

Background:

Due to the prevailing coronavirus crisis, the use of sanitizers has become an urgent need of today to take preventive care as we step out for various reasons. Many brands and varieties of sanitizers are available in the market today.

Objective:

The present study has been undertaken to develop and analyse the effects of an Ayurvedic preparation to overcome all the ill effects exerted on the skin by the chemical-based sanitizers. As there are very bad long-lasting effects on skin after continuous use of synthetically derived sanitizers. This pandemic situation has forced all of us for using sanitizers at least 10 times a day, especially for children and the Geriatric population.

Material and Methods:

Formulation was developed with the help of natural ingredients and then it was evaluated on the safety and efficacy standards to make sure about the credibility of the designed preparation. The benefits of using this formulation were observed during the health camps organised by Diabport health care at various parks in Kanpur. The texture of the skin was improved and apart from this. This was assessed with the help of a questionnaire (KAP) which was developed and validated.

Results:

The herbal based sanitizer, derived from Ayurvedic principles, was found to be quite effective against germs, microbes and it was beneficial for the care of hands also. Hands were soft and irritation free when the herbal sanitizers were applied for optimum time. We have observed that those patients who have history of high sugar level are more prone of developing rashes due to excessive usage of sanitizers. Diabetic dermopathy was also relieved. The population which used this formulation showed sign of improvement in both the texture of skin as well as decreased number of rashes.

Conclusion:

Herbal-based sanitizers are the need of the hour to combat the danger of corona, keeping the hands mild and soft. More focus on them should be encouraged on a large scale.
Interventions to Reduce Patient Identification Errors in the Hospital Setting: A Systematic Review
Authors: De Rezende Helena , Melleiro Marta M. , O. Marques Paulo A. , Barker Timothy H.
Published: August 2021

Background:

Patient identification is considered as a fundamental part of the care process and a relevant resource for safety practices in hospital settings.

Objective:

We aimed to review the literature on interventions to reduce patient identification errors in hospital settings.

Methods:

A systematic review of effectiveness using The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology was conducted. A three-step search strategy was utilised to explore primary research published up to March 2020 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese across eight databases. Grey literature was also assessed. The titles and abstracts of the studies were screened for assessment of the inclusion criteria. Two reviewers independently appraised the full text of the selected studies and extracted data using standardised tools from JBI. Due to the heterogeneity of studies and insufficient data for statistical pooling, meta-analysis was not feasible. Therefore, the results were synthesised narratively.

Results:

Twelve studies met the review criteria; all were rated at a moderate risk of bias and four different groups of interventions were identified: educational staff interventions alone and those combined with a partnership with families and patients through education; and information technology interventions alone, and combined with an educational staff strategy. Although most studies showed a statistically significant reduction in patient identification errors, the overall quality of the evidence was considered very low.

Conclusion:

High-quality research is needed to understand the real impact of interventions to reduce patient identification errors. Nurses should recognise the importance of patient identification practices as a part of their overall commitment to improving patient safety.

PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42018085236
Comprehensive Analysis of SARS-COV-2 Drug Targets and Pharmacological
Aspects in Treating the COVID-19
Authors: Bhavaniramya Sundaresan , Ramar Vanajothi , Vishnupriya Selvaraju , Palaniappan Ramasamy , Sibiya Ashokkumar , Vaseeharan Baskaralingam
Published: August 2021

:

Corona viruses are enveloped, single-stranded RNA (Ribonucleic acid) viruses, and they
cause pandemic diseases having a devastating effect on both human healthcare and the global economy.
To date, six corona viruses have been identified as pathogenic organisms, which are significantly
responsible for the infection and cause severe respiratory diseases. Among them, the novel
SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2) caused a major outbreak of
coronavirus diseases in 2019 (COVID-19). Coronaviridae family members can affect both humans
and animals. In humans, coronaviruses cause a severe acute respiratory syndrome with mild to severe
outcomes. Several structural and genomics aspects have been investigated, and the genome encodes
about 30 proteins most of them with unknown function though they share remarkable sequence
identity with other proteins. There are no potent drugs against SARS-CoV-2 and several
trials are underway to investigate the possible therapeutic agents against viral infection. However,
some of the antiviral drugs that have been investigated against SARS-CoV-2 are under clinical
trials. In the current review, we comparatively emphasize the emergence and pathogenicity of the
SARS-CoV-2 and their infection, and discuss the various putative drug targets of both viral and
host receptors for developing effective vaccines and therapeutic combinations to overcome the viral
outbreak.
SK1 Inhibitor RB005 Induces Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells
through SK1 Inhibition Dependent and Independent Pathway
Authors: Shrestha Jitendra , Shamshiddinova Maftuna , Lee Yong-Moon , Oh Yoon Sin , Baek Dong Jae , Park Eun-Young
Published: August 2021

Background and Objective:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-
related death globally, with a high incidence rate in economically fast-growing countries. Sphingosine-
1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid mediator that plays critical roles in cancer cell proliferation,
migration, and angiogenesis converted by the isoforms of sphingosine kinase (SK1 and
SK2). SK1 is highly expressed in colorectal cancer; its inhibitors suppress the formation of S1P
and increase ceramide levels having a pro-apoptotic function. RB005 is a selective SK1 inhibitor
and a structural analog of PP2A activator FTY720. The purpose of this study is to test whether
RB005, an SK1 inhibitor, can be used as an anticancer agent by inhibiting the growth of colon cancer
cells.

Methods:

We performed MTT and colony-forming assay using colon cancer cell lines HT29 and
HCT116 cells to examine the cell toxicity effect of RB005. To determine whether apoptosis of
RB005 in colon cancer cell line is due to SK1 inhibition or other mechanisms due to its structural
similarity with FTY720, we conducted LC/MS, siRNA knockdown, and PP2A activity experiments.

Results:

RB005 notably inhibited CRC cell growth and proliferation compared to PF543 and
ABC294640 by inducing the mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Apoptotic cell
death is caused by increased mitochondrial permeability Initiated by the activation of pro-apoptotic
protein BAX, increased ceramides, and activation of PP2A. Also, RB005 treatment in HT29 cells
did not change the expression level of SK1, but strikingly decreased SK1 activity and S1P levels.
All these events of cell death and apoptosis were less effective when SK1 was knocked down by
siRNA.

Conclusion:

This result indicates that RB005 shows the in-vitro anti-CRC effect by inhibiting SK1
activity and PP2A activation, increasing proapoptotic ceramide levels following the activation of
the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.
Progress in Analgesic Development: How to Assess its Real Merits?
Authors: Kissin Igor
Published: August 2021

Background:

Assessing analgesic drugs developed over preceding 50 years demonstrated
that very intensive efforts directed at diverse molecular pain targets produced thousands of
PubMed articles and the introduction of more than 50 new analgesics. Nevertheless, these analgesics
did not have a sufficiently broad spectrum of action and level of effectiveness to demonstrably
affect the use of opioids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of pain. Analgesics
in current are only modestly effective in chronic pain (at least with respect to neuropathic
pain), and the widespread application of mu-opioid receptor agonists for this purpose culminated in
the global “opioid crisis”. The introduction of every new drug is regarded as an important success,
at least initially. Assessing the merit of a new analgesic is extremely complicated.

Objective:

The aim of this article is to describe an approach that combines very different categories
of drug evaluation – multifactorial approach for the assessment of new analgesics. It is based on
conclusiveness of clinical trials, novelty of a drug’s molecular target, a drug’s commercial appeal,
and the interest in a drug reflected by scientometric indices.

Results:

This approach was applied to analgesics developed in 1982-2016. It shows that although
several new agents have completely novel mechanisms of action, all newly approved drugs, and
drug candidates, demonstrated the same persistent problems: relatively low therapeutic advantage
over previous treatment and narrow spectrum of use in different types of pain, compared to opioids
or NSAIDs.

Conclusion:

The use of the suggested multifactorial approach to drug assessment may provide a
better view of the whole spectrum of analgesics advantages and disadvantages.
Bantuan Luar Negeri dan Pembangunan Desa: Efektivitas Participatory Irrigation Sector Project (PISP) di Desa Sumber Pucung, Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Fandiaz Al Akbar Muhammad , Setiawan Arief
Published: August 2021

This research examines the effectiveness of HIPPA (Himpunan Petani Pemakai Air) in Sumberpucung Village, Malang Regency, after the implementation of PISP (Participatory Irrigation Sector Project) funded by ADB and the Dutch Government. The effectiveness will be measure through participation or a participatory approach. This research finds that a low level of participation in the HIPPA organization is due to power, structure, and individual motivations. The results of this research are the stagnancy of the HIPPA organization as a medium for participatory irrigation projects in the village.
Strategi dan Kebijakan Promosi Batik di Pasar Global
Authors: Sukmawati Aurum Dinar , Fathoni Kurniawan Ahmad
Published: August 2021

Batik was first listed as an Intangible Cultural Humanity Heritage by UNESCO on October 2, 2009. As the home country for batik, Indonesia has committed to preserve and increase its popularity in the global market. These efforts are carried out through various strategies and policies to encourage the internationalization of batik, especially during the 2015-2019 period where there has been a significant decline in batik exports. This study aims to describe the strategy and government policy in encouraging the internationalization of batik in the global market. Using the Hybrid model proposed by Lei Li & Li/Tevfik Dalgic as one of the models of internationalization carried out by Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs). This model explains the stages of internationalization which include Planning, Execution, and Antecedent Phase. Based on this research, between 2015-2019, the Indonesian government has implemented various strategies and policies domestically and internationally to support batik SMEs, expand its non-traditional markets, and hold provisions on importing TPT batik and batik motifs to protect the industry. Yet, these strategies and policies were not very successfully implemented. The government efforts were still decentralized, so the strategic steps taken by various institutions and related stakeholders were not in sync. In addition, the shift in the antecedent phase to involve SMEs in every implementation of the internationalization program was also minimal.
Amnesty International dan Penghapusan Hukuman Mati di Malaysia
Authors: Kristina Sianturi Yanti , Khurun'in Irza
Published: August 2021

Malaysia is a country where the death penalty is still present and frequently practiced. It is due to different understandings of the death penalty itself. The absence of the Malaysian government in various international human rights treaties also increases unfair trials on death row inmates. The high number of death row inmates in Malaysia represents a severe human rights violation. The abolition of the death penalty is one of the current global human rights agendas. It goes against the right to live regulated by various international human rights instruments, such as the ICCPR (International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights) and the Declaration of Human Rights. One of the INGOs actively advocating the abolition of the death penalty in Malaysia is Amnesty International. This study looks at Amnesty International’s transnational advocacy tactics in encouraging the death penalty abolition in Malaysia from 2015 to 2018. The method used is descriptive research by collecting primary and secondary data and using transnational advocacy networks by Keck and Sikkink. The results of this research show that the efforts used by Amnesty International in this advocacy include information politics, symbolic politics, leverage politics, and accountability politics.
Australia’s Middle Power Approach Towards Climate Change in Pacific Island
Authors: Narisya Siti Dinda
Published: August 2021

This article tends to examine the ways Australia approaching climate change in the region associated with its middle power status. Pacific Islands or Southwest Pacific Region is a regional territory that almost of all its surface covered by water. The region is prominent for having numbers of island countries or island states which are very dependent on natural conditions. They are vulnerable to the change of nature thus it hits their top national security. The issue of climate change in recent years has gotten more serious attention from all over the world and so does the pacific island region with no exception. Australia with its unique feature of being known as a middle power state and as the most secure nation in the region has served a distinctive approach on addressing the issue of climate change. The behavior and identity approach are adequately in line to establish certain strategies associated with middle power status in the role of guiding Australia’s foreign policy.
Studi Komparatif Penanganan Pandemi di Taiwan: SARS, H1N1, dan COVID-19
Authors: Putri Ardila , Anggraeni Silvia Dian , Isnarti Rika , Khairunnisa Nisrina Najla
Published: August 2021

Taiwan is considered as one of the countries that has successfully controlled the spread of COVID-19. Taiwan stated that their success in controlling the spread of COVID-19 was inseparable from their experience in dealing with SARS in 2003. This paper aims to compare Taiwan's response to SARS 2003, H1N1 in 2009, and COVID-19. By comparing Taiwan's response, this article detailing the transformation of Taiwan's policy in every pandemic and analyze the lesson learn for developing countries, including Indonesia, in dealing with a pandemic of communicable diseases in the future. In 2003 Taiwan had made some negligence as developing countries did when the outbreak of COVID-19. By looking at the transformation of Taiwan's policy, we can draw conclusions about the steps that developing countries can take in the future in controlling the spread of infectious diseases. This paper uses the tradition of empiricism with an indirect observation mechanism through the study of literature to describe the transformation of Taiwan's policies and analyze the lessons that can be taken by developing countries. The learning relates to communicable disease monitoring, border quarantine, communicable disease reporting, response planning, contact tracing, laboratory capacity building, public health education, open and transparent information.
The correlation between hope with acceptance of parents toward children with special needs in the special education school in all districts of Ngawi
Authors: Anjasari Hana , Sari Erma Kumala , Priyono Priyono
Published: August 2021

This research aims to determine the relationship between hope and acceptance of parents toward children with special needs in special education school in all district of Ngawi. This research’s design used quantitative, with correlational research types. The subject in this research were parents of children with special needs who are at junior high and senior high special school levels, amounting to 52 people. Determination of subject used purposive sampling technique. The data collection technique used two attitude scale, namely parents hope scale (α=0,873) and parents acceptance scale (α=0,877). Data analysis used product moment correlation between Pearson. The result of correlation test showed a correlation coefficient value of 0,688 with value rtabel of 0,279, so rhit > rtabel (ρ<0,05) for a significance level of 5%. The result of correlation test is that there was a positive significant relationship between hope and acceptance of parents toward children with special needs who are at junior high and senior high special school levels in special education school in all districts of Ngawi.
Kendala mahasiswa dalam identifikasi dan asesmen anak dengan gangguan emosi dan perilaku selama pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Prabawati Wening , Mahabbati Aini
Published: August 2021

Identifikasi dan asesmen anak dengan gangguan emosi dan perilaku atau emotional and behavior disorders (EBD) merupakan tahapan awal dalam menentukan layanan pendidikan yang sesuai bagi anak dengan EBD. Tujuan penelitian ini yakni mengetahui apakah mehasiswa mengalami kendala selama melakukan identifikasi dan asesmen anak dengan EBD selama pandemi Covid-19. Jenis penelitian ini yakni penelitian studi kasus. Subjek penelitian ini yakni delapan orang mahasiswa semester enam. Teknik pengumpulan data yakni obervasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data yang digunakan yakni analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mahasiswa mengalami kendala selama mengumpulkan data-data yang digunakan untuk identifikasi dan asesmen pada anak dengan EBD selama pembelajaran daring. Kendala yang dialami mahasiswa yakni kesulitan dalam menghubungi sumber seperti guru dan orang tua, tidak bisa bertemu dengan anak secara langsung, data yang diperoleh terbatas. Kesimpulan penelitian yakni adanya kendala yang dialami mahasiswa sehingga menghambat mahasiswa dalam melakukan identifikasi dan asesmen pada anak dengan EBD selama pandemi Covid-19.
A Text Message Intervention for Adolescents With Depression and Their Parents or Caregivers to Overcome Cognitive Barriers to Mental Health Treatment Initiation: Focus Groups and Pilot Trial
Authors: Suffoletto Brian , Goldstein Tina , Brent David
Published: August 2021

Background

Many adolescents with depression do not pursue mental health treatment following a health care provider referral. We developed a theory-based automated SMS text message intervention (Text to Connect [T2C]) that attempts to reduce cognitive barriers to the initiation of mental health care.

Objective

In this two-phase study, we seek to first understand the potential of T2C and then test its engagement, usability, and potential efficacy among adolescents with depression and their parents or caregivers.

Methods

In phase 1, we conducted focus groups with adolescents with depression (n=9) and their parents or caregivers (n=9) separately, and transcripts were examined to determine themes. In phase 2, we conducted an open trial of T2C comprising adolescents with depression referred to mental health care (n=43) and their parents or caregivers (n=28). We assessed usability by examining program engagement, usability ratings, and qualitative feedback at the 4-week follow-up. We also assessed potential effectiveness by examining changes in perceived barriers to treatment and mental health care initiation from baseline to 4 weeks.

Results

In phase 1, we found that the themes supported the T2C approach. In phase 2, we observed high engagement with daily negative affect check-ins, high usability ratings, and decreased self-reported barriers to mental health treatment over time among adolescents. Overall, 52% (22/42) of the adolescents who completed follow-up reported that they had attended an appointment with a mental health care specialist. Of the 20 adolescents who had not attended a mental health care appointment, 5% (1/20) reported that it was scheduled for a future date, 10% (2/20) reported that the primary care site did not have the ability to help them schedule a mental health care appointment, and 15% (3/20) reported that they were no longer interested in receiving mental health care.

Conclusions

The findings from this study suggest that T2C is acceptable to adolescents with depression and most parents or caregivers; it is used at high rates; and it may be helpful to reduce cognitive barriers to mental health care initiation.
A Patient Decision Aid for Anticoagulation Therapy in Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: Development and Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: de Castro Kim Paul , Chiu Harold Henrison , De Leon-Yao Ronna Cheska , Almelor-Sembrana Lorraine , Dans Antonio Miguel
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common predisposing factors for ischemic stroke worldwide. Because of this, patients with AF are prescribed anticoagulant medications to decrease the risk. The availability of different options for oral anticoagulation makes it difficult for some patients to decide a preferred choice of medication. Clinical guidelines often recommend enhancing the decision-making process of patients by increasing their involvement in health decisions. In particular, the use of patient decision aids (PDAs) in patients with AF was associated with increased knowledge and increased likelihood of making a choice. However, the majority of available PDAs is from Western countries.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to develop and pilot test a PDA to help patients with nonvalvular AF choose an oral anticoagulant for stroke prevention in the local setting. Outcomes were (1) reduction in patient decisional conflict, (2) improvement in patient knowledge, and (3) patient and physician acceptability.

METHODS

We followed the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) to develop a mobile app–based PDA for anticoagulation therapy in patients with nonvalvular AF. Focus group discussions identified decisional needs, which were subsequently incorporated into the PDA to compare choices for anticoagulation. Based on recommendations, the prototype PDA was rendered by at least 30 patients and 30 physicians. Decisional conflict and patient knowledge were tested before and after the PDA was implemented. Patient acceptability and physician acceptability were measured after each encounter.

RESULTS

Anticoagulant options were compared by the PDA using three factors that were identified (impact on stroke and bleeding risk, and price). The comparisons were presented as tables and graphs. The prototype PDA was rendered by 30 doctors and 37 patients for pilot testing. The mean duration of the encounters was 15 minutes. The decisional conflict score reduced by 35 points (100-point scale; P<.001). The AF knowledge score improved from 10 to 15 (P<.001). The PDA was acceptable for both patients and doctors.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study showed that an app-based PDA for anticoagulation therapy in patients with nonvalvular AF (1) reduced patient decisional conflict, (2) improved patient knowledge, and (3) was acceptable to patients and physicians. A PDA is potentially acceptable and useful in our setting. A randomized controlled trial is warranted to test its effectiveness compared to usual care. PDAs for other conditions should also be developed.
Informed Decision-making for Health Insurance Enrollment: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Colón-Morales Coralys M , Giang Wayne C W , Alvarado Michelle
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Health insurance enrollment is a difficult financial decision with large health impacts. Challenges such as low health insurance literacy and lack of knowledge about choosing a plan further complicate this decision-making process. Therefore, to support consumers in their choice of a health insurance plan, it is essential to understand how individuals go about making this decision.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to understand the sources of information used by individuals to support their employer-provided health insurance enrollment decisions. It seeks to describe how individual descriptive factors lead to choosing a particular type of information source.

METHODS

An introduction was presented on health insurance plan selection and the sources of information used to support these decisions from the 1980s to the present. Subsequently, an electronic survey of 151 full-time faculty and staff members was conducted. The survey consisted of four sections: demographics, sources of information, health insurance literacy, and technology acceptance. Descriptive statistics were used to show the demographic characteristics of the 126 eligible respondents and to study the response behaviors in the remaining survey sections. Proportion data analysis was performed using the Cochran-Armitage trend test to understand the strength of the association between our variables and the types of sources used by the respondents.

RESULTS

In terms of demographics, most of the respondents were women (103/126, 81.7%), represented a small household (1-2 persons; 87/126, 69%), and used their insurance 3-12 times a year (52/126, 41.3%). They assessed themselves as having moderate to high health insurance literacy and high acceptance of technology. The most selected and top-ranked sources were Official employer or state websites and Official Human Resources Virtual Benefits Counselor Alex. From our data analysis, we found that the use of official primary sources was constant across age groups and health insurance use groups. Meanwhile, the use of friends or family as a primary source slightly decreased as age and use increased.

CONCLUSIONS

In this exploratory study, we identified the main sources of health insurance information among full-time employees from a large state university and found that most of the respondents needed 2-3 sources to gather all the information that they desired. We also studied and identified the relationships between individual factors (such as age, gender, and literacy) and 2 dependent variables on the types of primary sources of information. We encountered several limitations, which will be addressed in future studies.

CLINICALTRIAL
Conquery: an Open Source Application to analyze High Content Healthcare Data (Preprint)
Authors: Kovacs Fabian , Thonagel Max , Ludwig Marion , Albrecht Alexander , Hegner Manuel , Enders Dirk , Hickstein Lennart , von Knobloch Maximilian , Rothhardt Anne , Walker Jochen
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Big data in healthcare must be exploited to achieve a substantial increase in efficiency and competitiveness. Especially the analysis of patient-related data possesses huge potential to improve decision-making processes. However, most analytical approaches used today are highly time- and resource-consuming.

OBJECTIVE

The presented software solution Conquery is an open-source software tool providing advanced, but intuitive data analysis without the need for specialized statistical training. Conquery aims to simplify big data analysis for novice database users in the medical sector.

METHODS

Conquery is a document-oriented distributed timeseries database and analysis platform. Its main application is the analysis of per-person medical records by non-technical medical professionals. Complex analyses are realized in the Conquery frontend by dragging tree nodes into the query editor. Queries are evaluated by a bespoke distributed query-engine for medical records in a column-oriented fashion. We present a custom compression scheme to facilitate low response times that uses online calculated as well as precomputed metadata and data statistics.

RESULTS

Conquery allows for easy navigation through the hierarchy and enables complex study cohort construction whilst reducing the demand on time and resources. The UI of Conquery and a query output is exemplified by the construction of a relevant clinical cohort.

CONCLUSIONS

Conquery is an efficient and intuitive open-source software for performant and secure data analysis and aims at supporting decision-making processes in the healthcare sector.
Understanding Language Features in Loneliness Forum Posts that Elicit Comments (Preprint)
Authors: Andy Anietie
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND

Loneliness is a threat to the well-being of individuals and in older adults is associated with increased risk of early mortality. Studies have shown that some individuals seek support around loneliness on online forums/social media platforms. A common challenge in online forums is that some posts do not receive comments. In some non-health related forums, posts not receiving comments may not be a serious concern, however, in an online health forum such as those focused on discussions around loneliness, posts not receiving comments could translate to individuals seeking support around loneliness not receiving adequate support.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this work is to analyze posts published on an active online forum focused on discussions around loneliness (loneliness forum) to determine the language features associated with posts that elicit comments from members of the forum.

METHODS

For the analysis in this work, 15,012 posts published on an online loneliness forum by 9,956 users were analyzed. Of these posts, 6,450 received five or more comments, 13,221 received one or more comments, and 1,791 received no comments. Using the natural language processing method, latent dirichlet allocation (LDA) and a psycholinguistic dictionary, Linguistics Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC), the language features expressed in posts that elicit comments from members of the forum were determined.

RESULTS

The findings from this work show that posts related to topics themes on relationships (Cohen’s D = 0.319) and the use of negation words (Cohen’s D = 0.149) tend to receive one or more comments. Also, posts associated with LIWC categories on first person singular pronouns (Cohen’s D = 0.264) tend to elicit one or more comments. Posts on topic themes related to spending time around holidays/birthdays/year/time of day or week (Cohen’s D = 0.79) and affection relative to relationships (Cohen’s D = 0.102) tend to receive five or more comments.

CONCLUSIONS

This work identifies language features expressed in loneliness forum posts that elicit comments. The findings from this work can provide members of online loneliness forums tips on how to write posts that potentially elicit comments from members of the forum.
Entre Itten y Gropius: algunas contradicciones culturales de la Bauhaus
Authors: Muñoz Cervera Aguilar Kundalini
Published: August 2021

Una de las contradicciones más llamativas al interior de lo que se conoce como la escuela Bauhaus se dio entre el futurismo tecnicista-humanista de Walter Gropius y el ocultismo orientalista de otros miembros, como Johannes Itten. Aunque ambos buscaban armonizar la existencia del ser humano con el entorno que habita, las teorías en las que ambas tendencias basaban sus prácticas llegaban a ser irreconciliables. Era inconcebible que el ideal artístico de Itten estuviera al servicio de la humanidad en su conjunto cuando defendía nociones protoracistas sobre la capacidad exclusiva de un grupo étnico para alcanzar dicha armonía. Muchas de estas ideas quedaron incluso plasmadas en su obra de arte y no sólo en escritos y discursos publicados. El propio interés de Itten por la cultura y el arte oriental convivió incómodamente con estas tendencias, dejando un legado ambivalente y problemático, el cual ha sido recientemente señalado por algunos estudiosos del movimiento. Aquí analizaremos algunas aristas de esta contradicción y sus implicaciones desde el punto de vista de la comparatística. Resulta necesario plantearnos cómo se deben ver estas inconsistencias si queremos evitar caer en una postura trivial y poco crítica de un movimiento cultural tan relevante como lo fue la escuela Bauhaus.