bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimal Control Algorithm for Continuous Casting Process by Using Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Mauder Tomas , Sandera Cenek , Stetina Josef
Published: February 2015

A supervision algorithm for controlling of continuous casting (CC) process is presented. The control strategy is based on the observation of temperature distribution through the casting strand. The algorithm is composed of two parts, an original 3D transient numerical model of the temperature field and the fuzzy‐regulation model. The numerical model calculates and predicts the temperature distribution while the fuzzy‐regulation model tracks the temperature in specific areas and tunes the casting parameters such as the casting speed, the cooling intensities in the secondary cooling, etc. The main goal is to keep surface and core temperatures in the specific ranges corresponding with the hot ductility of steel and adequately reacts on the variable casting conditions. The results show good and robust control behavior, fast response to dynamic system changes and general applicability for any CC process.
Study of Lattice Strain Evolution in Stainless Steel Under Tension: The Role of Self‐Consistent Plasticity Model
Authors: Guo X. Q. , Wu P. D. , Wang H. , Mao X. B.
Published: February 2015

The recently developed large strain elastic visco‐plastic self‐consistent (EVPSC) model, with various popular self‐consistent schemes including the Affine, Meff, Secant, and Tangent, is used to study the lattice strain evolution in a stainless steel under uniaxial tension. The material parameters for the various self‐consistent schemes are fitted to experimental stress and strain curve under uniaxial tension. An assessment of the predictive capability of the self‐consistent schemes is performed based on comparisons of the predicted lattice strain evolutions and in situ neutron diffraction measurements done on the same material. It is found that, among the self‐consistent schemes examined, the self‐consistent schemes with grain interaction stiffness halfway between those of the limiting Secant (stiff) and Tangent (compliant) approximations give the best results.
Understanding the blue color in antique mosaic mirrored glass from the Temple of the Emerald Buddha, Thailand
Authors: Klysubun Wantana , Hauzenberger Christoph A. , Ravel Bruce , Klysubun Prapong , Huang Yuying , Wongtepa Weeraya , Sombunchoo Panidtha
Published: February 2015

Two samples of the blue glass produced in the middle 19th century from the Temple of the Emerald Buddha in Bangkok, Thailand, were studied in order to understand the origin of its blue color. The oxide components and trace elements are quantitatively determined by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive and wavelength‐dispersive spectrometry and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy techniques. The results identify the glass type as soda‐lime‐silica glass with high lead content. The 3d transition elements detected include iron, manganese, cobalt, and copper. Combined analyses of X‐ray absorption near edge structures and optical absorbance lead to a conclusion that the antique glass is primarily colored in blue by the divalent cobalt with additional yellow coloration as a result of the trivalent iron. The tetrahedral coordination geometry of these two species was deduced from the XANES pre‐edge intensity and the optical absorption bands of their d‐d transitions. The redox ratios of Fe2+/Fe3+, Mn2+/Mn3+, and Cu1+/Cu2+ in the original blue glass and the reference glasses were determined by the K‐edge XANES analysis. The blue color of the antique glass can be reproduced in a laboratory glass on the basis of composition and melting conditions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of x‐ray absorption and emission techniques for the investigation of paintings
Authors: Cabal A. , Schalm O. , Eyskens P. , Willems P. , Harth A. , Van Espen P.
Published: February 2015

Four x‐ray techniques: computed radiography, emission radiography, energy‐resolved radiography and imaging x‐ray fluorescence were compared using four mock‐up panel paintings. The paintings have different stratigraphy and pigments and are representative for different historical periods. One of the paintings has a hidden underlying painting. The type of pigments used mainly influences the information obtained by both the emission and absorption measurements; high‐Z white pigment and high‐Z color pigments giving the best contrast.

Each of the techniques revealed interesting aspects of the paintings, but none of them could reveal the hidden painting to a satisfactory level. Due to the statistical quality of the spectral data, x‐ray fluorescence gives elemental images with high contrast. The radiographic images are better to reveal the internal structure.

Imaging x‐ray fluorescence and energy‐resolved radiography measurements can be done simultaneously, and the combination has the highest potential for the study of complex multilayer paintings. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A grid-independent length scale for large-eddy simulations
Authors: Piomelli Ugo , Rouhi Amirreza , Geurts Bernard J.
Published: February 2015

We propose a new length scale as a basis for the modelling of subfilter motions in large-eddy simulations (LES) of turbulent flow. Rather than associating the model length scale with the computational grid, we put forward an approximation of the integral length scale to achieve a non-uniform flow coarsening through spatial filtering that reflects the local, instantaneous turbulence activity. Through the introduction of this grid-independent, solution-specific length scale it becomes possible to separate the problem of representing small-scale turbulent motions in a coarsened flow model from that of achieving an accurate numerical resolution of the primary flow scales. The formulation supports the notion of grid-independent LES, in which a prespecified reliability measure is used. We investigate a length-scale definition based on the resolved turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and its dissipation. The proposed approach, which we call integral length-scale approximation (ILSA) model, is illustrated for turbulent channel flow at high Reynolds numbers and for homogeneous isotropic turbulence (HIT). We employ computational optimization of the model parameter based on various measures of subfilter activity, using the successive inverse polynomial interpolation (SIPI) and establish the efficiency of this route to subfilter modelling.
The Employment of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders in Local Government: Issues, Benefits, and Ways Forward
Authors: Rerden Warren , Guerin Bernard
Published: February 2015

In Australia today, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people experience significant ongoing disadvantage around employment, education, health, housing, and social inclusion. Local government agencies and others often now have roles for Aboriginal people to work and deal with relevant issues. Ten people working, or formerly working, in Aboriginal-related roles in local government were interviewed about the issues and benefits of such roles. Themes to emerge included the importance of properly resourcing the positions, having wide-ranging Aboriginal employment policies, providing mentoring and support for Aboriginal workers, and continuing to build cultural awareness in councils. Many of those interviewed described cultural awareness training as valuable for councils, but also questioned the efficacy of the way they are commonly run. Implications for local government include the need to ensure that what is already known about the effective implementation of policies in organisations is being applied; for example, by making Aboriginal employment policies the responsibility of each work area.
Approaching to the ideal condition of plasma confinement by applying external resonant fields in IR-T1 tokamak
Authors: Meshkani Sakineh , Ghoranneviss Mahmood , Lafouti Mansoureh
Published: February 2015

For understanding the effect of resonant helical magnetic field (RHF) and bias on the edge plasma turbulent transport, the radial and poloidal electric field (Er, EP), poloidal and toroidal magnetic field (BP, Br) were detected by the Langmuir probe, magnetic probe and diamagnetic loop. The poloidal, toroidal and radial velocity (VP, Vr, Vt) can be determined from the electric and magnetic field. In the present work, we have investigated the effect of the magnitude of bias (Vbias = 200v, Vbias = 320v) on Er, EP, BP, Bt, VP, Vr, Vt. Moreover, we applied RHF with L = 2, L = 3 and L = 2 and 3 and investigate the effect of the helical windings radius on above parameters. Also, the experiment was repeated by applying the positive biasing potentials and RHF's simultaneously. The results show that by applying bias to the plasma at t = 15 msec at r/a = 0.9, Er, BP and Bt increase while EP decreases. The best modification occurs at Vbias = 200v. By applying RHF to the plasma, both the electric and magnetic field vary. Er reaches the highest in the presence of RHF with L = 3. The same results are obtained for BP, Bt, VP and Vt. While the inverse results are obtained for EP and Vr. Finally, RHF and bias are applied simultaneously to the plasma. With applied bias with Vbias = 200v and RHF with L = 2 and 3, we reach to the ideal circumstance. The same results obtain in the situation with Vbias = 320v and RHF with L = 2 and 3.
Infection ecology of Philometra ovata (Nematoda: Philometridae) in a wild European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) population in Finland
Authors: LAI YI-TE , TASKINEN JOUNI , KEKÄLÄINEN JUKKA , KORTET RAINE
Published: February 2015

Seasonal life cycle of body cavity dwelling (BCD) Philometra ovata (Nematoda: Philometridae) has been reported in southern and central European countries, but its swim bladder dwelling (SBD) stage and northern populations have remained unstudied. In this study, we investigated the seasonal life cycle and infection ecology of P. ovata in both swim bladder and body cavity in the European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) in Finland. The larval P. ovata infected the swim bladder of minnows mainly in August. Female SBD P. ovata emigrated to body cavity mostly in September, grew to their full size by the end of the next June, and evacuated from minnows in July. In addition, female SBD P. ovata retarding their development and staying in swim bladder were found commonly in minnows, thus the mean monthly prevalence (6·7 ± 3·9%) and mean intensity (1·4 ± 0·8) of BCD P. ovata was lower than that of SBD P. ovata (37·8 ± 15·1% and 2·0 ± 1·5, respectively). Finally, despite the large size of BCD individuals, infection of P. ovata did not impair body condition and relative gonad size of minnows, but increased the mortality and caused physical damages in their hosts during the evacuation period.
Intracellular membranes: kinetics of superoxide production and changes in thylakoids of resurrection plants upon dehydration and rehydration
Authors: Navari-Izzo F. , Pinzino C. , Quartacci M. F. , Sgherri C. L. M. , Izzo R.
Published: February 2015

Synopsis

Plants of Boea hygroscopica were grown in a controlled environment. Control leaves were detached from plants grown in well-watered conditions and then subjected for 144 h to rapid or slow dehydration. Dehydrated leaves were then rehydrated for 36 h in distilled water. Rapid-dried leaves were not able to revive, whereas slow-dried leaves recovered their normal metabolic status. Results showed a different superoxide radical production in the dehydrated leaves accompanied by an altered lipid composition. Rehydrated leaves recovered the original lipid composition of control leaves. Spin-labelled thylakoid proteins of dehydrated leaves showed lower -SH group levels and increased spin motion.
IX.—The Gravitational Field of a Distribution of Particles Rotating about an Axis of Symmetry
Authors: van Stockum W. J.
Published: February 2015

The generalisation to the stationary case of the solution given by Weyl (1918) of Einstein's gravitational equations in a statical axially symmetric universe, has been attempted by various writers. It has not, however, so far been possible to reduce the equations to linear form and thus to find the most general solution. A set of special solutions has been obtained by Lewis (1932), valid in a region free of matter, which contain Weyl's solution as a particular case. They depend upon an arbitrary solution of the equation
On Directed Versions of the Hajnal–Szemerédi Theorem
Authors: TREGLOWN ANDREW
Published: February 2015

We say that a (di)graph G has a perfect H-packing if there exists a set of vertex-disjoint copies of H which cover all the vertices in G. The seminal Hajnal–Szemerédi theorem characterizes the minimum degree that ensures a graph G contains a perfect Kr-packing. In this paper we prove the following analogue for directed graphs: Suppose that T is a tournament on r vertices and G is a digraph of sufficiently large order n where r divides n. If G has minimum in- and outdegree at least (1−1/r)n then G contains a perfect T-packing.

In the case when T is a cyclic triangle, this result verifies a recent conjecture of Czygrinow, Kierstead and Molla [4] (for large digraphs). Furthermore, in the case when T is transitive we conjecture that it suffices for every vertex in G to have sufficiently large indegree or outdegree. We prove this conjecture for transitive triangles and asymptotically for all r ⩾ 3. Our approach makes use of a result of Keevash and Mycroft [10] concerning almost perfect matchings in hypergraphs as well as the Directed Graph Removal Lemma [1, 6].
Development Patterns of Executive Functions in Children
Authors: Juric Lorena Canet , Richards María M. , Introzzi Isabel , Andrés María Laura , Urquijo Sebastián
Published: February 2015

Executive Functions (EF) exercise control over an individual’s conduct and thinking through a set of functionally independent processes, among which are cognitive flexibility (reactive and spontaneous), working memory and planning. The development patterns of these components appear to have stages of acceleration and deceleration during childhood. Studies analyzing their development in Spanish-speaking children were not found in our area. Therefore, this study will analyze the development patterns of the cited executive functions with the objective of establishing relationships and comparisons, and identifying the stages of acceleration and stagnation for each component. The study’s sample consists of 274 schoolchildren between the ages of 6 and 8 (119 in first grade, 61 in second grade and 94 in third grade). Participants were evaluated using the following instruments from the Neuropsychological Assessment of Children test battery (known by the acronym ENI in Spanish): Verbal Fluency (semantic and phonemic); Cognitive Flexibility; Mexican Pyramid; and Backward Digit Span. Three different development patterns were detected, as well as different interactions between the executive components. Additionally, three empirical types were established based on the patterns and relationships between components.
Adiposity and blood pressure among 55 000 relatively lean rural adults in southwest of China
Authors: Chen X , Du H , Zhang J , Chen X , Luo G , Que X , Zhang N , Bian Z , Guo Y , Li L , Chen Z , Wu X
Published: February 2015

Obesity is a strong determinant of blood pressure. Uncertainty remains, however, about which indices of adiposity most strongly predict blood pressure, particularly among those who were relatively lean, such as those from rural China. We analyzed cross-sectional data on 55 687 (38.3% men) participants aged 30–79 years who were enrolled into the China Kadoorie Biobank from a rural county in southwest of China during 2004–2008. Measured body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were related to blood pressure in multivariable linear regression analyses. The overall mean values of BMI, WC, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 23.3 kg m−2, 78.0 cm, 129.2 mm Hg and 77.2 mm Hg, respectively. There was a strongly positive, and apparently linear, relationship of BMI and WC with blood pressure, with 1 s.d. higher BMI associated with 4.3/2.3 mm Hg higher SBP/DBP and 1 s.d. WC associated with 3.8/2.1 mm Hg (P<0.0001). Additional adjustment for WC only slightly attenuated the association of BMI with blood pressure, whereas additional adjustment for BMI almost completely eliminated the association of WC with blood pressure. Our findings suggest that in relatively lean Chinese adults, general adiposity is more strongly assciated with blood pressure than central adiposity.
Dense genotyping of immune-related susceptibility loci reveals new insights into the genetics of psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Bowes John , Budu-Aggrey Ashley , Huffmeier Ulrike , Uebe Steffen , Steel Kathryn , Hebert Harry L. , Wallace Chris , Massey Jonathan , Bruce Ian N. , Bluett James , Feletar Marie , Morgan Ann W. , Marzo-Ortega Helena , Donohoe Gary , Morris Derek W. , Helliwell Philip , Ryan Anthony W. , Kane David , Warren Richard B. , Korendowych Eleanor , Alenius Gerd-Marie , Giardina Emiliano , Packham Jonathan , McManus Ross , FitzGerald Oliver , McHugh Neil , Brown Matthew A. , Ho Pauline , Behrens Frank , Burkhardt Harald , Reis Andre , Barton Anne
Published: February 2015

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis and, despite the larger estimated heritability for PsA, the majority of genetic susceptibility loci identified to date are shared with psoriasis. Here, we present results from a case–control association study on 1,962 PsA patients and 8,923 controls using the Immunochip genotyping array. We identify eight loci passing genome-wide significance, secondary independent effects at three loci and a distinct PsA-specific variant at the IL23R locus. We report two novel loci and evidence of a novel PsA-specific association at chromosome 5q31. Imputation of classical HLA alleles, amino acids and SNPs across the MHC region highlights three independent associations to class I genes. Finally, we find an enrichment of associated variants to markers of open chromatin in CD8+ memory primary T cells. This study identifies key insights into the genetics of PsA that could begin to explain fundamental differences between psoriasis and PsA.
Observation of directly interacting coherent two-level systems in an amorphous material
Authors: Lisenfeld Jürgen , Grabovskij Grigorij J. , Müller Clemens , Cole Jared H. , Weiss Georg , Ustinov Alexey V.
Published: February 2015

Parasitic two-level tunnelling systems originating from structural material defects affect the functionality of various microfabricated devices by acting as a source of noise. In particular, superconducting quantum bits may be sensitive to even single defects when these reside in the tunnel barrier of the qubit’s Josephson junctions, and this can be exploited to observe and manipulate the quantum states of individual tunnelling systems. Here, we detect and fully characterize a system of two strongly interacting defects using a novel technique for high-resolution spectroscopy. Mutual defect coupling has been conjectured to explain various anomalies of glasses, and was recently suggested as the origin of low-frequency noise in superconducting devices. Our study provides conclusive evidence of defect interactions with full access to the individual constituents, demonstrating the potential of superconducting qubits for studying material defects. All our observations are consistent with the assumption that defects are generated by atomic tunnelling.
Efficient generation of gene-modified pigs via injection of zygote with Cas9/sgRNA
Authors: Wang Yong , Du Yinan , Shen Bin , Zhou Xiaoyang , Li Jian , Liu Yu , Wang Jianying , Zhou Jiankui , Hu Bian , Kang Nannan , Gao Jimin , Yu Liqing , Huang Xingxu , Wei Hong
Published: February 2015

Co-injection of zygotes with Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA has been proven to be an efficient gene-editing strategy for genome modification of different species. Genetic engineering in pigs holds a great promise in biomedical research. By co-injection of one-cell stage embryos with Cas9 mRNA and Npc1l1 sgRNA, we achieved precise Npc1l1 targeting in Chinese Bama miniature pigs at the efficiency as high as 100%. Meanwhile, we carefully analyzed the Npc1l1 sgRNA:Cas9-mediated on- and off-target mutations in various somatic tissues and ovaries and demonstrated that injection of zygotes with Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA is an efficient and reliable approach for generation of gene-modified pigs.
De novo assembly, transcriptome characterization, lignin accumulation and anatomic characteristics: novel insights into lignin biosynthesis during celery leaf development
Authors: Jia Xiao-Ling , Wang Guang-Long , Xiong Fei , Yu Xu-Run , Xu Zhi-Sheng , Wang Feng , Xiong Ai-Sheng
Published: February 2015

Celery of the family Apiaceae is a biennial herb that is cultivated and consumed worldwide. Lignin is essential for cell wall structural integrity, stem strength, water transport, mechanical support and plant pathogen defense. This study discussed the mechanism of lignin formation at different stages of celery development. The transcriptome profile, lignin distribution, anatomical characteristics and expression profile of leaves at three stages were analyzed. Regulating lignin synthesis in celery growth development has a significant economic value. Celery leaves at three stages were collected and Illumina paired-end sequencing technology was used to analyze large-scale transcriptome sequences. From Stage 1 to 3, the collenchyma and vascular bundles in the petioles and leaf blades thickened and expanded, whereas the phloem and the xylem extensively developed. Spongy and palisade mesophyll tissues further developed and were tightly arranged. Lignin accumulation increased in the petioles and the mesophyll (palisade and spongy) and the xylem showed strong lignification. Lignin accumulation in different tissues and at different stages of celery development coincides with the anatomic characteristics and transcript levels of genes involved in lignin biosynthesis. Identifying the genes that encode lignin biosynthesis-related enzymes accompanied by lignin distribution may help elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of lignin biosynthesis in celery.
Seismologically determined bedload flux during the typhoon season
Authors: Chao Wei-An , Wu Yih-Min , Zhao Li , Tsai Victor C. , Chen Chi-Hsuan
Published: February 2015

Continuous seismic records near river channels can be used to quantify the energy induced by river sediment transport. During the 2011 typhoon season, we deployed a seismic array along the Chishan River in the mountain area of southern Taiwan, where there is strong variability in water discharge and high sedimentation rates. We observe hysteresis in the high-frequency (5–15 Hz) seismic noise level relative to the associated hydrological parameters. In addition, our seismic noise analysis reveals an asymmetry and a high coherence in noise cross-correlation functions for several station pairs during the typhoon passage, which corresponds to sediment particles and turbulent flows impacting along the riverbed where the river bends sharply. Based on spectral characteristics of the seismic records, we also detected 20 landslide/debris flow events, which we use to estimate the sediment supply. Comparison of sediment flux between seismologically determined bedload and derived suspended load indicates temporal changes in the sediment flux ratio, which imply a complex transition process from the bedload regime to the suspension regime between typhoon passage and off-typhoon periods. Our study demonstrates the possibility of seismologically monitoring river bedload transport, thus providing valuable additional information for studying fluvial bedrock erosion and mountain landscape evolution.
Ultrasensitive optical absorption in graphene based on bound states in the continuum
Authors: Zhang Mingda , Zhang Xiangdong
Published: February 2015

We have designed a sphere-graphene-slab structure so that the electromagnetic wave can be well confined in the graphene due to the formation of a bound state in a continuum (BIC) of radiation modes. Based on such a bound state, we have realized strong optical absorption in the monolayer graphene. Such a strong optical absorption exhibits many advantages. It is ultrasensitive to the wavelength because the Q factor of the absorption peak can be more than 2000. By taking suitable BICs, the selective absorption for S and P waves has not only been realized, but also all-angle absorption for the S and P waves at the same time has been demonstrated. We have also found that ultrasensitive strong absorptions can appear at any wavelength from mid-infrared to far-infrared band. These phenomena are very beneficial to biosensing, perfect filters and waveguides.
Differential expression of microRNAs in preneoplastic gastric mucosa
Authors: Link Alexander , Schirrmeister Wiebke , Langner Cosima , Varbanova Mariya , Bornschein Jan , Wex Thomas , Malfertheiner Peter
Published: February 2015

Gastric carcinogenesis is a multifactorial H.pylori-triggered dynamic process that goes through a cascade of preneoplastic conditions. The expression of miRNAs in the stomach with regard to preneoplastic precursor conditions and H.pylori infection has not been investigated systematically. In this prospective proof-of-principle study, we evaluated the miRNA expression in gastric antrum and corpus mucosa from patients with chronic non-atrophic gastritis (CNAG), atrophic gastritis (AG) and GC compared to controls. Gastric normal mucosa shows a unique expression pattern for miR-21, miR-155 and miR-223, which is specific for different regions. In correlation with progression of Correa's cascade and H.pylori infection, we observed a gradual increase in miR-155 and miR-223 both in corpus and antrum and miR-21 only in the antrum mucosa. Using miRNA expression we calculated a score that allowed us to discriminate patients with AG from subjects with normal mucosa with high diagnostic accuracy in testing and validation cohorts reproducibly. In summary, the expression pattern of miRNAs in the gastric mucosa is gradually increased with progression of Correa's cascade and H.pylori infection, suggesting miRNAs as potential biomarkers for preneoplastic precursor conditions. However, differences of miRNA expression between the gastric antrum and the corpus need to be considered in future studies.
Rhenium-catalysed dehydrogenative borylation of primary and secondary C(sp3)–H bonds adjacent to a nitrogen atom
Authors: Murai Masahito , Omura Tetsuya , Kuninobu Yoichiro , Takai Kazuhiko
Published: February 2015

A novel rhenium-catalyzed borylation of C(sp3)–H bonds proceeded in the absence of oxidants, hydrogen acceptors, and external ligands with the generation of H2 as the sole byproduct.
A regioregular terpolymer comprising two electron-deficient and one electron-rich unit for ultra small band gap solar cells
Authors: Li Weiwei , Hendriks Koen H. , Furlan Alice , Zhang Andong , Wienk Martijn M. , Janssen René A. J.
Published: February 2015

An ultra small band gap terpolymer consisting of two electron-deficient units and one electron rich unit affords 3.7% efficient solar cells and a photoresponse beyond 1050 nm.
SERS activity of Ag decorated nanodiamond and nano-β-SiC, diamond-like-carbon and thermally annealed diamond thin film surfaces
Authors: Kuntumalla Mohan Kumar , Siva Srikanth Vadali Venkata Satya , Ravulapalli Satyavathi , Gangadharini Upender , Ojha Harish , Desai Narayana Rao , Bansal Chandrahas
Published: February 2015

DLC and thermally annealed diamond thin films as SERS substrates without any metal nanostructures on their surfaces.
HCN elimination from vinyl cyanide: product energy partitioning, the role of hydrogen–deuterium exchange reactions and a new pathway
Authors: Vázquez Saulo A. , Martínez-Núñez Emilio
Published: February 2015

A schematic diagram of HCN elimination channels from vinyl cyanide including a new CCdiss pathway.
Calibration of the basic strength of the nitrogen groups on the nanostructured carbon materials
Authors: Li Bo , Sun XiaoYing , Su Dangsheng
Published: February 2015

Weighting the basicity of nitrogen groups.
The effects of central metals on the photophysical and nonlinear optical properties of reduced graphene oxide–metal(ii) phthalocyanine hybrids
Authors: Song Weina , He Chunying , Dong Yongli , Zhang Wang , Gao Yachen , Wu Yiqun , Chen Zhimin
Published: February 2015

An investigation of the effects of central metals on the photophysical and nonlinear optical performance of RGO–MPc hybrids.
Metal-mediated post-Ugi transformations for the construction of diverse heterocyclic scaffolds
Authors: Sharma Upendra K. , Sharma Nandini , Vachhani Dipak D. , Van der Eycken Erik V.
Published: February 2015

This tutorial review highlights the recent advances towards post-Ugi transformations based on metal-catalyzed key steps.
Recent advances in magnetic nanoparticle-based multi-modal imaging
Authors: Shin Tae-Hyun , Choi Youngseon , Kim Soojin , Cheon Jinwoo
Published: February 2015

This tutorial review discusses the concept and up-to-date applications of magnetic nanoparticle-based multi-modal imaging.
An investigation of Zr doping in NaBiTi2O6 perovskite by direct hydrothermal synthesis
Authors: Harunsani Mohammad H. , Woodward David I. , Thomas Pam A. , Walton Richard I.
Published: February 2015

Hydrothermal synthesis produces polycrystalline NaBi(Ti1−xZrx)O6 with small composition range; densified x = 0.01 material shows favourable piezoelectric coefficient and permittivity.
Combined radiocarbon and CO2 flux measurements used to determine in situ chlorinated solvent mineralization rate
Authors: Boyd T. J. , Montgomery M. T. , Cuenca R. H. , Hagimoto Y.
Published: February 2015

Chlorinated hydrocarbon turnover (mineralization) estimated by CO2 radiocarbon content and respiration rate coupled to ZOI models.
Nanoscale mapping of carbon oxidation in pyrogenic black carbon from ancient Amazonian anthrosols
Authors: Archanjo B. S. , Baptista D. L. , Sena L. A. , Cançado L. G. , Falcão N. P. S. , Jorio A. , Achete C. A.
Published: February 2015

Carbon–oxygen functional groups dominate over different spatial regions in nanoscale carbon grains from ancient Amazonian anthrosols (Terra Preta de Índio).
A novel recovery process for lipids from microalgæ for biodiesel production using a hydrated phosphonium ionic liquid
Authors: Olkiewicz Magdalena , Caporgno Martin P. , Font Josep , Legrand Jack , Lepine Olivier , Plechkova Natalia V. , Pruvost Jeremy , Seddon Kenneth R. , Bengoa Christophe
Published: February 2015

A novel process for recovering lipids from microalgæ using a hydrated ionic liquid is presented.
Synthesis of enantiomerically pure δ-benzylproline derivatives
Authors: Rodríguez Isabel , Calaza M. Isabel , Jiménez Ana I. , Cativiela Carlos
Published: February 2015

The methodology allows for the preparation of enantiopure δ-substituted l-proline analogues bearing the side chain of proteinogenic residues.
Agglomeration of Pd0 nanoparticles causing different catalytic activities of Suzuki carbonylative cross-coupling reactions catalyzed by PdII and Pd0 immobilized on dopamine-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles
Authors: Long Yu , Liang Kun , Niu Jianrui , Tong Xin , Yuan Bing , Ma Jiantai
Published: February 2015

Agglomeration of Pd0 nanoparticles caused different catalytic activities of Suzuki carbonylative cross-coupling reactions catalyzed by Fe3O4/DA–PdII and Fe3O4/DA–Pd0 catalysts.
Fabrication of three-dimensional hierarchical nanostructures using template-directed colloidal assembly
Authors: Elek J. E. , Zhang X. A. , Dai B. , Xu Z. , Chang C.-H.
Published: February 2015

Optical effects in template-directed colloidal assembly are explored to fabricate microscale patterns with integrated three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures.
Application of tungsten as a carbon sink for synthesis of large-domain uniform monolayer graphene free of bilayers/multilayers
Authors: Fang Wenjing , Hsu Allen , Shin Yong Cheol , Liao Albert , Huang Shengxi , Song Yi , Ling Xi , Dresselhaus Mildred S. , Palacios Tomas , Kong Jing
Published: February 2015

We have found that tungsten (W) foils can be used for controlling the carbon diffusion within copper (Cu) enclosures to synthesize large-domain bi-/multi-layer-free monolayer graphene via chemical vapor deposition.
Amyloid nanospheres from polyglutamine rich peptides: assemblage through an intermolecular salt bridge interaction
Authors: Mishra Rahul , Thakur Ashwani K.
Published: February 2015

Amyloid fiber formation by two polyglutamine peptides through a nucleation polymerization pathway. An intermolecular salt bridge between the positively charged lysine and the negatively charged glutamate induces the formation of nanospherical amyloids through a non-nucleated pathway.
Stimuli-responsive hydrogels prepared by simultaneous “click chemistry” and metal–ligand coordination
Authors: Li Yang , Zhou Chao , Xu Liqun , Yao Fang , Cen Lian , Fu Guo Dong
Published: February 2015

A novel strategy to synthesize stimuli-responsive metal-coordinated polymeric gels (MCPGs) via one-pot CuAAC and non-covalent metal coordination chemistry was demonstrated.
Greatly enhanced porosity of stretched polypropylene/graphene oxide composite membrane achieved by adding pore-forming agent
Authors: Dai Jian , Xu Xian-ling , Yang Jing-hui , Zhang Nan , Huang Ting , Wang Yong , Zhou Zuo-wan , Zhang Chao-liang
Published: February 2015

With the combined effects of a pore-forming agent and graphene oxide, greatly enhanced porosity is achieved for a stretched PP composite membrane.
Optical, electrochemical, third order nonlinear optical, and excited state dynamics studies of bis(3,5-trifluoromethyl)phenyl-zinc phthalocyanine
Authors: Krishna Narra Vamsi , Singh Varun Kumar , Swain Debasis , Rao Soma Venugopal , Giribabu Lingamallu
Published: February 2015

Synthesis and characterisation of a Zn phthalocyanine substituted with bis(3,5-trifluoromethyl)phenyl groups at peripheral positions by absorption, fluorescence and electrochemical techniques. Excited state dynamics were investigated by fs degenerate pump–probe spectroscopy.
Effect of solvent; enhancing the wettability and engineering the porous structure of a calcium phosphate/agarose composite for drug delivery
Authors: Kolanthai Elayaraja , Dikeshwar Colon V. Sivaraj , Sindu P. Abinaya , Chandra V. Sarath , Karthikeyan K. R. , Babu M. Surendar , Sundaram S. Meenakshi , Palanichamy M. , Kalkura S. Narayana
Published: February 2015

Porous 3D degradable hydrophilic ceramic–polymer composites were fabricated for tissue engineering and drug delivery applications.
Environmentally benign, recyclable nano hollandite and metal intercalated nano hollandites for hydrogen sulfide removal
Authors: Prabu Manikandan , Ramalingam Kuppukkannu
Published: February 2015

Intercalated metal ion increases structural integrity of hollandite, improves H2S scrubbing and is recyclable.
Insight into C + O(OH) reaction for carbon elimination on different types of CoNi(111) surfaces: a DFT study
Authors: Guo Xiaoqiang , Liu Hongyan , Wang Baojun , Wang Qiang , Zhang Riguang
Published: February 2015

A density-functional theory (DFT) method has been performed to investigate the reaction of C + O(OH) on three types of bimetallic alloy CoNi(111) surface, and the obtained results are compared with those on the pure Ni(111) surface.
Glucose sensing by a glassy carbon electrode modified with glucose oxidase and a magnetic polymeric nanocomposite
Authors: Baghayeri Mehdi
Published: February 2015

Glucose sensing by using of glucose oxidase and a biocompatible poly(p-phenylenediamine)-based nanocomposite.
Dual drug encapsulation in a novel nano-vesicular carrier for the treatment of cutaneous melanoma: characterization and in vitro/in vivo evaluation
Authors: Lei Mingzhu , Wang Jinping , Ma Man , Yu Meng , Tan Fengping , Li Nan
Published: February 2015

The objective of this research was to develop and evaluate a dual drug-loaded dermal targeted vesicle for the treatment of cutaneous melanoma.
Self-assembled macro porous ZnS–graphene aerogels for photocatalytic degradation of contaminants in water
Authors: Reddy D. Amaranatha , Choi Jiha , Lee Seunghee , Ma Rory , Kim Tae Kyu
Published: February 2015

This work demonstrates the facile green synthesis of ZnS–graphene aerogels with superior photocatalytic performance.
A novel FRET-based ratiometric fluorescent probe for highly sensitive detection of hydrogen sulfide
Authors: Huang Kunzhu , Yu Lun , Xu Pengfei , Zhang Xintong , Zeng Wenbin
Published: February 2015

A novel ratiometric and colorimetric probeH2S-CRfor the quantitative detection of H2S was designed and synthesized based on a H2S induced Michael addition–cyclization cascade reaction and the FRET modulated fluorescence off-on response.
Glycerol as additive in copper indium gallium diselenide electrodeposition: morphological, structural and electronic effects
Authors: Lucas Francisco Willian de S. , Lima Alan R. F. , Mascaro Lucia H.
Published: February 2015

The co-electrodeposition of copper, indium, gallium and selenium from a pH 1.5 acid bath onto an FTO substrate in the presence of the additive glycerol (GLR) is studied.
Molecular insight and resolution for tumors harboring the H-ras(G12V) mutation
Authors: Tang Hsin-Chieh , Chen Yu-Chian
Published: February 2015

GTP-bound H-ras(G12V) provides a convenient condition to phosphorylate the substrate protein.
Impact of structural stability of cold adapted Candida antarctica lipase B (CaLB): in relation to pH, chemical and thermal denaturation
Authors: Rabbani Gulam , Ahmad Ejaz , Khan Mohsin Vahid , Ashraf Mohd. Tashfeen , Bhat Rajiv , Khan Rizwan Hasan
Published: February 2015

The effect of pH on the conformational behavior of Candida antartica lipase B (CaLB) has been monitored by spectroscopic and calorimetric studies.
Graphene–DNAzyme junctions: a platform for direct metal ion detection with ultrahigh sensitivity
Authors: Gao Li , Li Le-Le , Wang Xiaolong , Wu Peiwen , Cao Yang , Liang Bo , Li Xin , Lin Yuanwei , Lu Yi , Guo Xuefeng
Published: February 2015

We describe a method of creating graphene–DNAzyme junctions capable of directly detecting paramagnetic Cu2+ with femtomolar sensitivity and high selectivity.
Graphene-like carbon nanosheets prepared by a Fe-catalyzed glucose-blowing method for capacitive deionization
Authors: Lei Hong , Yan Tingting , Wang Hui , Shi Liyi , Zhang Jianping , Zhang Dengsong
Published: February 2015

Graphene-like carbon nanosheets prepared by a Fe-catalyzed glucose-blowing approach exhibit good performance for capacitive deionization.
Phosphorus–carbon nanocomposite anodes for lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Ramireddy Thrinathreddy , Xing Tan , Rahman Md Mokhlesur , Chen Ying , Dutercq Quentin , Gunzelmann Daniel , Glushenkov Alexey M.
Published: February 2015

Phosphorus–carbon nanocomposites were evaluated as anodes for both lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. The composites provide attractive capacities based on alloying–dealloying operating mechanism but their cyclic performance depends significantly on the operating potential window.
Mushroom-like Au/NiCo2O4nanohybrids as high-performance binder-free catalytic cathodes for lithium–oxygen batteries
Authors: Tu Fangfang , Xie Jian , Zhang Shichao , Cao Gaoshao , Zhu Tiejun , Zhao Xinbing
Published: February 2015

A mushroom-like Au/NiCo2O4/3D-G cathode on Ni foam exhibits a superior catalytic effect for Li–O2batteries due to Au-induced Li2O2growth.
Directional Plk1 inhibition-driven cell cycle interruption using amphiphilic thin-coated peptide-lanthanide upconversion nanomaterials as in vivo tumor suppressors
Authors: Chan Chi-Fai , Lan Rongfeng , Tsang Ming-Kiu , Zhou Di , Lear Sam , Chan Wai-Lun , Cobb Steven L. , Wong Wai-Kwok , Hao Jianhua , Wong Wing-Tak , Wong Ka-Leung
Published: February 2015

Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is a major serine/threonine protein kinase which regulates key mitotic events.
Atomic layer deposition of B-doped ZnO using triisopropyl borate as the boron precursor and comparison with Al-doped ZnO
Authors: Garcia-Alonso Diana , Potts Stephen E. , van Helvoirt Cristian A. A. , Verheijen Marcel A. , Kessels Wilhelmus M. M.
Published: February 2015

The doping efficiency and hence the electrical properties of atomic layer deposited ZnO can be improved by using a novel, safer boron precursor.
Fluorescent theranostic agents for Hg2+detection and detoxification treatment
Authors: Song Chao , Yang Wen , Zhou Nannan , Qian Rui , Zhang Yajun , Lou Kaiyan , Wang Rui , Wang Wei
Published: February 2015

Two novel small-molecule based theranostic agents encompassing the dual functions of detection and detoxification of mercury ion poisoning are developed.
Phosphorylation-induced hybridization chain reaction on beads: an ultrasensitive flow cytometric assay for the detection of T4 polynucleotide kinase activity
Authors: Zhang Yuecheng , Liu Chenghui , Sun Sujuan , Tang Yanli , Li Zhengping
Published: February 2015

A versatile flow cytometric bead assay (FCBA) has been developed for an ultrasensitive detection of T4 PNK activity.
Room temperature, solventless telomerization of isoprene with alcohols using (N-heterocyclic carbene)–palladium catalysts
Authors: Maluenda Irene , Chen Ming-Tsz , Guest Daniel , Mark Roe S. , Turner Michael L. , Navarro Oscar
Published: February 2015

The use of a custom-made palladium complex for the telomerisation of isoprene with alcohols under green conditions is described.
A non-symmetric pillar[5]arene based on triazole-linked 8-oxyquinolines as a sequential sensor for thorium(iv) followed by fluoride ions
Authors: Fang Yuyu , Li Caixia , Wu Lei , Bai Bing , Li Xing , Jia Yiming , Feng Wen , Yuan Lihua
Published: February 2015

A novel non-symmetric pillar[5]arene bearing triazole-linked 8-oxyquinolines at one rim was synthesized and demonstrated as a sequential fluorescence sensor for thorium(iv) followed by fluoride ions with high sensitivity and selectivity.
Electrode kinetics of the NiO porous electrode for oxygen production in the molten carbonate electrolysis cell (MCEC)
Authors: Hu Lan , Lindbergh Göran , Lagergren Carina
Published: February 2015

The performance of a molten carbonate electrolysis cell (MCEC) is to a great extent determined by the anode, i.e. the oxygen production reaction at the porous NiO electrode. In this study, stationary polarization curves for the NiO electrode were measured under varying gas compositions and temperatures. The exchange current densities were calculated numerically from the slopes at low overpotential. Positive dependency on the exchange current density was found for the partial pressure of oxygen. When the temperature was increased in the range 600–650 °C, the reaction order of oxygen decreased from 0.97 to 0.80. However, there are two different cases for the partial pressure dependency of carbon dioxide within this temperature range: positive values, 0.09–0.30, for the reaction order at lower CO2 concentration, and negative values, −0.26–0.01, with increasing CO2 content. A comparison of theoretically obtained data indicates that the oxygen-producing reaction in MCEC could be reasonably satisfied by the reverse of oxygen reduction by the oxygen mechanism I, an n = 4 electron reaction, assuming a low coverage of oxide ions at high CO2 content and an intermediate coverage for a low CO2 concentration.
Copper-mediated synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines through oxidative linkage of C–C/N–N bonds
Authors: Mohan Darapaneni Chandra , Ravi Chitrakar , Rao Sadu Nageswara , Adimurthy Subbarayappa
Published: February 2015

Copper-mediated synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3-carboxylates through oxidative linkage of C–C and N–N bonds under mild reaction conditions with broad substrate scope is described.
Controllable synthesis of silver nanoparticles in hyperbranched macromolecule templates for printed flexible electronics
Authors: Zhang Zhiliang , Zhang Huayong
Published: February 2015

A facile approach was successfully developed to synthesize uniform and monodisperse silver nanoparticles with hyperbranched macromolecules as templates. This strategy would have enormous potential for flexible electronics and biosensors.
Guest-induced single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformations of a new 4-connected 3D cadmium(ii) metal–organic framework
Authors: Li Shi-Hui , Han Min-Le , Liu Guang-Zhen , Ma Lu-Fang , Wang Li-Ya
Published: February 2015

A unique 4-connected network [Cd(pic)(H2O)]·H2O (1) with wheel-type hexa-nuclear SBU has been synthesized. Guest-induced single-crystal-to-single-crystal reversible transformations occurred between 1 and the desolvated crystal [Cd(pic)] (1a).
Piezoelectric sodium potassium niobate mediated improved polarization and in vitro bioactivity of hydroxyapatite
Authors: Dubey Ashutosh Kumar , Kinoshita Ryota , Kakimoto Ken-ichi
Published: February 2015

The present work reports the effect of lamination of biocompatible lithium sodium potassium niobate multilayered tapes between hydroxyapatite (HA) layers on the dielectric and electrical properties of HA.
Domino transformation of isoxazoles to 2,4-dicarbonylpyrroles under Fe/Ni relay catalysis
Authors: Galenko Ekaterina E. , Galenko Alexey V. , Khlebnikov Alexander F. , Novikov Mikhail S.
Published: February 2015

The domino reaction of 5-alkoxy- or 5-aminoisoxazoles, under metal relay catalysis, with symmetric 1,3-diketones gives 4-acylpyrrole-2-carboxylic acid derivatives in high yield.
An architecture of CdS/H2Ti5O11 ultrathin nanobelt for photocatalytic hydrogenation of 4-nitroaniline with highly efficient performance
Authors: Xiong Jinhua , Liu Yuhao , Cao Changsheng , Shen Lijuan , Wu Weiming , Liang Shijing , Liang Ruowen , Wu Ling
Published: February 2015

CdS nanoparticles are anchored on the ultrathin H2Ti5O11 nanobelt via an in situ sulfuration process. The resulting composition shows an excellent photocatalytic activity for hydrogenation of 4-nitroaniline.
Functional Connectivity in Patients With Sensorineural Hearing Loss Using Resting-State MRI
Authors: Liu Bin , Feng Yuan , Yang Ming , Chen Jing-ya , Li Jing , Huang Zhi-chun , Zhang Ling-ling
Published: February 2015

Purpose

This study was undertaken to evaluate whole-brain functional connectivity changes related to auditory cortex in patients with left-sided sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) using resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging.

Method

Imaging was performed in 19 patients with left-sided SNHL and 35 individuals in the control group without SNHL. Data were collected and analyzed to map functional connectivity using the left/right primary auditory cortex as the region of interest to identify global differences between patients with SNHL and the control group.

Results

In comparison to the control group, the SNHL group was found to have significant functional connectivity changes in the auditory system, recognition network, visual cortex, and language network.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that functional brain alterations in unilateral SNHL patients may indicate reorganizations that occur in response to auditory deficits.