bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
As mudanças legislativas da Lei Maria da Penha e sua efetividade
Authors: Paci Hirata Shimada Maria Fernanda
Published: September 2024

O presente estudo pretende refletir e fundamentar à problemática da efetividade da lei Maria da Penha, sob as mais variadas formas de violência contra a mulher, além de discorrer sobre as políticas públicas pouco eficazes quanto a implementação e homogeneidade de medidas no combate contra a violência doméstica e familiar. Para tanto, utilizou-se a pesquisa bibliográfica, e procedimento dedutivo. Sendo assim, analisou-se a lei e seus dispositivos que trouxeram avanços no tratamento da violência doméstica e familiar, e finalmente, falou-se dos problemas de eficácia da lei. Por assim ser, nota-se que o trabalho é justificável, visto a relevância do tema na esfera social, política, econômica e legal, e os impactos gerados pela violência doméstica no âmbito familiar. Por fim, concluiu-se que a Lei Maria da Penha, desde o dia da sua promulgação, contribui com significativos avanços na proteção da mulher, entretanto a sua eficiência é contraditória, por diversos fatores, desde a valorização da pauta da violência até ativas implementação de políticas públicas.
A extinção de punibilidade pelo pagamento do crédito tributário: inconstitucionalidades e a possibilidade de substituição pelo acordo de não persecução penal
Authors: De Grandis Rodrigo , Garcia Albuquerque Eduardo
Published: September 2024

As diversas e sucessivas normas que preveem a possibilidade de extinção da punibilidade pelo simples adimplemento do crédito tributário representam um estímulo à sonegação. O ordenamento jurídico autoriza, em evidente desrespeito aos princípios da proporcionalidade e da livre concorrência, a utilização indiscriminada deste instrumento com o nítido escopo arrecadatório. Para além das inconstitucionalidades havidas, a possibilidade de pagamento do tributo sonegado a qualquer tempo, ainda que transitada em julgado a condenação, permite a perpetuação dos maus empresários no sistema em evidente prejuízo àqueles que recolhem rigorosamente os tributos decorrentes de sua atividade. Nesse contexto de inconstitucionalidades, pretende o presente trabalho apresentar o Acordo de Não Persecução Penal como uma alternativa viável, que trata indistintamente os agentes, sem criar privilégios odiosos àqueles que possuem recursos para adimplir os débitos decorrentes da conduta criminosa. Este instrumento atende aos interesses arrecadatórios estatais, limitando, todavia, diferentemente do que ocorre na extinção de punibilidade pelo pagamento, a possibilidade de utilização indiscriminada por parte do agente.
Cortically Disparate Visual Features Evoke Content-Independent Load Signals during Storage in Working Memory
Authors: Jones Henry M. , Thyer William S. , Suplica Darius , Awh Edward
Published: September 2024

It is well established that holding information in working memory (WM) elicits sustained stimulus-specific patterns of neural activity. Nevertheless, here we provide evidence for a distinct class of neural activity that tracks the number of individuated items in working memory, independent of the type of visual features stored. We present two EEG studies of young adults of both sexes that provide robust evidence for a signal tracking the number of individuated representations in working memory, regardless of the specific feature values stored. In Study 1, subjects maintained either colors or orientations across separate blocks in a single session. We found near-perfect generalization of the load signal between these two conditions, despite being able to simultaneously decode which feature had been voluntarily stored. In Study 2, participants attended to two features with very distinct cortical representations: color and motion coherence. We again found evidence for a neural load signal that robustly generalized across these distinct visual features, even though cortically disparate regions process color and motion coherence. Moreover, representational similarity analysis provided converging evidence for a content-independent load signal, while simultaneously showing that unique variance in EEG activity tracked the specific features that were stored. We posit that this load signal reflects a content-independent “pointer” operation that binds objects to the current context while parallel but distinct neural signals represent the features that are stored for each item in memory.
The Role of the Rat Prefrontal Cortex and Sex Differences in Decision-Making
Authors: Palmer Jensen A. , White Samantha R. , Chavez Lopez Kevin , Laubach Mark
Published: September 2024

The prefrontal cortex is critical for decision-making across species, with its activity linked to choosing between options. Drift diffusion models (DDMs) are commonly employed to understand the neural computations underlying this behavior. Studies exploring the specific roles of regions of the rodent prefrontal cortex in controlling the decision process are limited. This study explored the role of the prelimbic cortex (PLC) in decision-making using a two-alternative forced-choice task. Rats first learned to report the location of a lateralized visual stimulus. The brightness of the stimulus indicated its reward value. Then, the rats learned to make choices between pairs of stimuli. Sex differences in learning were observed, with females responding faster and more selectively to high-value stimuli than males. DDM analysis found that males had decreased decision thresholds during initial learning, whereas females maintained a consistently higher drift rate. Pharmacological manipulations revealed that PLC inactivation reduced the decision threshold for all rats, indicating that less information was needed to make a choice in the absence of normal PLC processing. μ-Opioid receptor stimulation of the PLC had the opposite effect, raising the decision threshold and reducing bias in the decision process toward high-value stimuli. These effects were observed without any impact on the rats’ choice preferences. Our findings suggest that PLC has an inhibitory role in the decision process and regulates the amount of evidence that is required to make a choice. That is, PLC activity controls “when,” but not “how,” to act.
Right of Collective Bargaining in the European Social Charter and its Implementation in Selected European Countries and the Principle of Social Dialogue in Acts and Documents of the European Union
Authors:   Cracow University of Economics, College of Public Economy and Administration, Department of Regulatory Policy, Poland, Grzybowski Marcin
Published: September 2024

The study focuses on the right to conduct collective bargaining between the employers and their organisations and the trade unions as the form of association of employees (working people). The introductory remarks review the conventional regulations of collective bargaining right with special emphasis on the International Labour Organisation (ILO) Conventions, particularly, No.98 of 1949 and No. 154 of 1981. The article analyses the European Social Charter as a core of social act regarding social rights within the Council of Europe system, with special attention given to its collective bargaining regulations, principally provisions its art. In addition, the article comments on the provisions of art. 28 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, a crucial EU regulation dealing with the process of collective bargaining. In conclusion the article argues whether the specifics of collective bargaining in the EU belong to the national regulations of EU member states. In its further parts, the article examines the principle of social dialogue in the European treaties and the practices of the Social Dialogue Committee of the European Union. Furthermore, the study presents the issue of relation between protection of economic freedoms and rights of an individual as provided by the 1997 Constitution of Poland and protection of such as established by universal and regional international regulations, including International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of 1966 and the ratified regulations of the Council of Europe.
Hereditary and clinical insights into paraganglioma and pheochromocytoma
Authors: Mauer Hall Caitlin B , Watson Elise M , Prasad Tanushree , Myers Chandler L , Mersch Jacqueline A
Published: September 2024

Background

Approximately 30–40% of paragangliomas (PGLs) and pheochromocytomas (PCCs) harbor an underlying hereditary cause. Early identification of at-risk individuals is imperative given the early onset, aggressiveness of tumors, and other tumor/cancer risks associated with hereditary PGLs/PCCs. This study analyzes the clinical presentations and genetic histories of patients with PGL/PCC and/or hereditary risk to contribute to the expanding knowledge in this rare population.

Methods

A retrospective chart review identified two cohorts of patients seen in cancer genetics clinics at an academic medical center and a safety-net hospital between August 2016 and December 2022. Cohort 1 consisted of patients with likely pathogenic variants (LPVs)/pathogenic variants (PVs) in hereditary PGL/PCC predisposition genes. Cohort 2 consisted of patients with a personal history of a PGL/PCC. Demographics, personal/family history, and genetic testing outcomes were analyzed.

Results

A total of 560 patients met the study criteria (Cohort 1, n = 364; Cohort 2, n = 269). In Cohort 1, 77 (21.1%) patients had an incidental LPV/PV in a PGL/PCC gene. Nearly half (n = 36, 46.8%) were in SDHx genes, with a majority in SDHA (n = 21). In Cohort 2, 86 patients tested positive for 87 LPV/PV in a hereditary cancer predisposition gene. The SDHx genes were most likely to have an LPV/PV identified (SDHB n = 24, SDHD n = 23).

Conclusions

Multigene panels identify patients at risk for hereditary PGL/PCC, many of whom are incidentally found. While SDHA LPV/PVs were the most frequent incidental finding, they were less common in patients with PGL/PCC, indicating the need for longitudinal studies to better understand the prevalence and penetrance of these tumors.
Cutoff value of thyroglobulin in needle aspirates for screening neck masses of thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Sakamoto Koji , Ozawa Hiroyuki , Sato Yoichiro , Nakaishi Masashi , Sakanushi Atsuko , Matsunobu Takeshi , Okubo Kimihiro , Shinden Seiichi
Published: September 2024

Measurement of thyroglobulin in fine-needle aspirates (FNA-Tg) is useful for the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in thyroid carcinoma; however, the cutoff value remains unclear, particularly for the differential diagnosis of neck masses. To evaluate the cutoff value of FNA-Tg, we conducted a retrospective study of patients with neck masses outside the thyroid who pre-operatively underwent both FNAC and FNA-Tg, followed by pathological examination at our hospital from October 2015 to September 2020. The cutoff value of FNA-Tg was calculated using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Among 210 lesions, 57 were of thyroid origin and 153 lesions were not of thyroid origin. A high FNA-Tg value was observed in the lesions of thyroid origin (P: 0.001), and the cutoff value at the minimum point of 100% specificity was 32.2 ng/mL with a sensitivity of 87.7%. Regarding the effect of serum anti-Tg antibodies, FNA-Tg values were significantly lower or not significantly different depending on the grouping, warranting further studies. Among the cases with papillary thyroid carcinoma, the sensitivity of FNAC and FNA-Tg was 71.4% and 87.5%, respectively. The cutoff value of FNA-Tg for the differential diagnosis of neck masses was higher compared to previous reports because some metastatic lymph nodes of carcinomas and lesions, other than lymph nodes, exhibited higher FNA-Tg values. Therefore, if FNA-Tg is to be used as a screening test for the differential diagnosis of neck masses in patients without proven thyroid carcinoma, it is necessary to establish a higher cutoff value.
Factores edafoclimáticos y productividad de tres variedades de mango (Mangifera indica L) en Veracruz, México
Authors: Zamudio Galo Misael , Serna Lagunes Ricardo , Andrés Meza Pablo , Galindo Tovar María Elena , Del Rosario Arellano José Luis , Cruz-Castillo Juan Guillermo
Published: September 2024

Diversos factores edafoclimáticos influyen en la productividad del mango (dendrometría, floración y fructificación). El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar los factores edafoclimáticos que influyen en la productividad de 3 variedades de mango (Keitt, Ataulfo y Manila) en la Cuenca del Papaloapan, Veracruz, México. Se realizaron mediciones dendrométricas de árboles de 3 variedades de mango en 15 huertas (n= 5 huertas por variedad) y se adquirieron los valores de 33 variables edafoclimáticas utilizando sistemas de información geográfica; posteriormente, se aplicó un análisis de comparación con las variables dendrométricas y edafoclimáticas. La variedad Manila sobresalió en términos dendrométricos como respuesta a condiciones edafoclimáticas idóneas para su desarrollo fisiológico. Sin embargo, las 3 variedades se desarrollaron bajo valores edafoclimáticos singulares a los que ya se encuentran adaptados; Keitt y Manila fueron los de mayor productividad.
Can biostimulants and grafting alleviate salinity stress in purple passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. edulis Sims)?
Authors: Orjuela-Rodríguez Ana Maria , Castilla-Baquero Juan Esteban , Balaguera-López Helber Enrique
Published: September 2024

Purple passion fruit crops are affected by salinity conditions in productive systems. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of the application of Ascophyllum nodosum extract on salinity stress in purple passion fruit plants at the vegetative stage of growth with and without grafting. Eight treatments were evaluated corresponding to the combination of grafting or non-grafting on the Passiflora maliformis rootstock, the presence or absence of salt stress, and the application or not of the A. nodosum biostimulant. Physiological and growth parameters were evaluated. Salinity significantly decreased (P<0.05) growth and stomatal conductance (gs), increased contents of photosynthetic pigments and did not affect the chlorophyll a fluorescence. The grafted plants presented a positive response (P<0.05) in chlorophyll relative contents (~63 SPAD units) and shoot length (~106 cm); lower gs (~163 mmol H2O m-2s-1), number of leaves (~43 leaves) and root weight (3.5 g of dry weight), and no change in chlorophyll a fluorescence. The biostimulant mitigated the salinity effect on gs and photosynthetic pigments. In the case of salinity, non-grafted purple passion fruit may present a better performance at the vegetative stage, and the biostimulant can have a slight mitigation effect on salt stress. However, if it is essential to use grafted plants for sanitary reasons, the evaluated salinity does not affect them drastically.
La región como eufemismo
Authors: Orozco David Millán
Published: September 2024

Quizá la más importante cuestión no debatida sobre la consolidación de la democracia en Colombia sea la organización territorial del Estado. El presente escrito devela un aspecto que el autor considera un incumplimiento del contrato socioterritorial del Estado colombiano, por la vía de la construcción discursiva y fáctica de la región como un eufemismo, lo que evade el mandato del Constituyente de 1991 de avanzar hacia la regionalización del país y perpetúa las limitaciones estructurales del modelo centralista vigente desde el siglo XIX.
Adaptación al cambio climático desde el ordenamiento territorial. Un enfoque a escala regional
Authors: Santos Rodríguez Aura Jeaneth , Peralta Mahecha Gustavo , Martínez Martínez Luis Joel , Rodríguez Arregoces Nubia Xiomara , Rincón Avellaneda Maria Patricia , Garzón Camacho Juan Carlos , Ibata Ceballos Alvaro , Rincón Vargas Luis Herney
Published: September 2024

El presente documento muestra el avance de un proyecto de investigación centrado en la adaptación al cambio climático con un enfoque regional, explorando y analizando las problemáticas y los desarrollos recientes en relación con el ordenamiento territorial en Colombia. La metodología empleada es la investigación documental, utilizada para la conceptualización, búsqueda, revisión y clasificación de la información, y que permite la triangulación entre las fuentes consultadas, las entrevistas a entidades y personas responsables de la temática, y el análisis y valoración crítica en espacios colaborativos entre docentes y estudiantes.
Esta experiencia de trabajo revisa marcos normativos y teóricos para ofrecer algunas nociones derivadas de dicha exploración, utilizando categorías de análisis y figuras actuales de esquemas asociativos para comprender la región conformada por los departamentos de Bogotá, Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Huila, Meta y Tolima. Por lo tanto, la exploración de normas y políticas públicas en materia de cambio climático evidencia la necesidad de formular propuestas de adaptación desde la escala regional que aborden los vacíos y contradicciones preexistentes respecto al ordenamiento territorial.
Composición temporal de dípteros en un relicto de bosque seco tropical en Huila
Authors: López-Murcia Wilber , Díaz Valderrama Jamir , BAENA-BEJARANO NATHALIE
Published: September 2024

El Bosque seco tropical (BST) es uno de los ecosistemas más amenazado a nivel mundial. La mayoría de estudios de artropofauna en BST se han enfocado en órdenes de insectos como Coleoptera, Lepidoptera e Hymenoptera, pero pocos han trabajado Diptera, a pesar de ser un grupo hiperdiverso y con varios roles tróficos. Este trabajo aporta una revisión exhaustiva de este orden para un relicto de BST en Colombia, localizado en la Ecoreserva La Tribuna, Neiva, Huila. Se buscó identificar los dípteros de la Ecoreserva, estimar riqueza y abundancia, y analizar índices de recambio de familias. Para esto, se ubicaron trampas Malaise en tres comunidades vegetales (Bosque interno, Chaparral y Lote 2) por cinco meses. Se recolectaron 16 997 individuos en 54 familias, de estas 19 familias se registran por primera vez con distribución en el Huila. Las familias que dominaron la riqueza y abundancia en las tres comunidades vegetales fueron Phoridae, Sciaridae, Cecidomyiidae, Ceratopogonidae, Sarcophagidae y Tachinidae; donde Phoridae presentó una abundancia de más del 50 % en todas las coberturas. En el análisis entre zonas, la riqueza fue similar entre las comunidades vegetales y la abundancia fue diferente, donde Bosque interno obtuvo la mayor abundancia de dípteros y fue diferente de Lote 2; este mismo patrón se mantuvo en el tiempo. La tasa de recambio muestra que las comunidades de Diptera en la Ecoreserva están sufriendo un cambio constante en la composición de familias, donde queda por entender cuáles factores están detrás de estas dinámicas de recambio.
Biodiversity and distribution of istiophorid (Billfishes) in the Eastern Pacific Tropical tuna purse-seine fishery
Authors: Corriea-Aguiar Manuel Jorge , Pérez-González Raúl , Ramírez-Pérez Jorge Saúl , Gutiérrez-Rubio Yecenia , Arzola-González Juan Francisco
Published: September 2024

In the Eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO), Billfish species caught incidentally in the tuna fishery varied spatially depending on the associated purse seine set type. This aims to a) delimit the spatial and/or temporal bycatch distribution of six billfish species in the EPO; b) determine the differences between the annual catches by month, type of set, stock, and fishing areas; and c) estimate the biodiversity indices of six billfish species associated with tuna purse-seine fishing in the EPO. The results showed a variety of patterns which indicated that the distribution and diversity of billfish species depended on the conditions (seasons) that prevailed in certain areas of the EPO. This model reflects a displacement of the potential habitat species to regions that are currently considered marginal. Analysis results of multiple comparisons (Dunn's p.) between the groups found that the purse seine sets associated with dolphins presented significant differences from the remaining comparisons for the fishing indicators. It indicated that the distribution of six billfish species is more homogeneous in association with the dolphins because the greater effort of the set was made mainly on the larger pelagic fish. Global warming trends could increase the temperature of the currently hottest areas in the EPO if the thermal tolerance of these species could be exceeded it would affect the extension of its habitat to the most temperate zones shortly.
Optimization of Catfish (Pangasius sp) Bone Bio-calcium Production with Different Concentrations of Citric Acid and Stirring Time Using the Response Surface Method (RSM) Approach
Authors: Wijayanti, Ph.D Ima , Agustini Tri Winarni , Swastawati Fronthea , Anggo Apri Dwi , Afifah Diana Nur
Published: September 2024

Calcium is an important macro-mineral that is really needed by the body.Calcium from fish bones can be an alternative source of calcium for thosewho are allergic to milk lactose which is usually used as calcium source. Theweakness of fish bone calcium is that it still has a fishy odor, which reducesthe hedonic value of products fortified with fish bone calcium. This researchaims to determine the optimization of concentration and stirring time in citricacid to produce bio-calcium from catfish (Pangasius sp) bones with the bestcalcium content and hedonic characteristics using Response SurfaceMethodology (RSM). The citric acid concentration tested was a minimum of0.25% and a maximum of 1% with stirring times of 30, 60 and 90 min. Dataprocessing was carried out with the help of Design Expert 11 software. Therecommended model is the quadratic model. The recommended optimizationresults for the bio-calcium production solution are a citric acid concentrationof 0.25% and a soaking time of 30 min. Verification was carried out accordingto the optimization solution and gave yield results of 88.9%, particle size of51.07 µm, calcium content 24.05; with a color hedonic value of 4.115, aroma4.059 and overall 4.090 out of a maximum value of 5. XRD pattern showed nodifference between fishbone powder and bio-calcium with degree crystallinity57 and 56.2%, respectively. FTIR spectra showed that both fishbone powder andbio-calcium powder contained hydroxyapatite, however citric acid slightly removedprotein due to absence of amide 1 peaks in bio-calcium powder. Citric acid at0.25% for 30 min helped to increase the yield and reduced some organiccompound to obtain bio-calcium powder. The proper concentration of citric acidand stirring time yielded catfish bone bio-calcium with higher calcium contentand hedonic value.
Characteristics of Trypsin Isolated From Intestines Different of Fish and Correlation Toward Trypsin Activity
Authors: Nurhayati Tati , Abdullah Asadatun , Rahmawati Septiya , Kurniawan Riki
Published: September 2024

Trypsin is a protease that breaks protein peptide bonds. Fish intestines canbe used as an alternative raw material for trypsin. Trypsin enzymes from theintestines of different fish species have different characteristics. This studyaimed to determine the characteristics and stability of trypsin enzyme inNaCl extracted from fish intestines based on differences in fish species. Trypsinactivity was optimal at 50 °C and pH 8, with specific activity values of 0.5993U/mg in rabbitfish, 0.3880 U/mg in sharks, and 0.6964 U/mg in flatfish. Themaximum reaction speed (Vmax) was the highest for trypsin from the intestineof rabbitfish (0.2585 mmol/s), followed by flatfish (0.1042 mmol/s), andshark (0.0599 mmol/s). The lowest Km value was obtained for trypsin fromsharks (0.4084 mM), followed by flatfish (1.0253 mM), and rabbitfish (4.5952mM). Trypsin from the intestines of rabbitfish and flatfish was stable in NaClsolution (concentration 5-30%), as it can maintain a relative activity of morethan 50%. In contrast, trypsin extracted from the intestines of milk fish hada relative activity below 21%. The average molecular weights of the threetrypsin enzymes were 26.8, 27.2; and 21.9 kDa, respectively. Differences inthe type of fish affected trypsin enzyme activity. Flatfish are omnivorous,and rabbitfish, as herbivores, have better enzyme activity values than sharks,as carnivores.
Znaczenie przywództwa duchowego w zespołach wirtualnych – ocena rzetelności i trafności narzędzia badawczego
Authors: Samul Joanna
Published: September 2024

Cel: Ustalenie związku pomiędzy badanymi zmiennymi, na podstawie których możliwa była ocena znaczenia przywództwa duchowego dla zespołu wirtualnego oraz walidacja tego modelu. W wielu dotychczas przeprowadzonych badaniach wskazano na możliwość zastosowania modelu przywództwa duchowego do określenia indywidualnych i organizacyjnych wyników. Brakuje natomiast badań w tym zakresie dotyczących zespołów wirtualnych, które w ostatnim czasie stały się podstawową jednostką organizacyjną.
Metodyka badań: Przeprowadzono badania ankietowe wśród 602 członków zespołów wirtualnych. W ramach testowania narzędzia badawczego zastosowano konfirmacyjną analizę czynnikową oraz modelowanie równań strukturalnych w celu określenia trafności i rzetelności zaproponowanego kwestionariusza.
Wyniki badań: Wyniki badań wskazują na dobre dopasowanie modelu teoretycznego oraz pośredni wpływ przywództwa duchowego na efektywność zespołu wirtualnego poprzez wzmacnianie poczucia znaczenia pracy i poczucia członkostwa.
Wnioski: Zaproponowany model przywództwa duchowego i jego zmienne zostały pozytywnie zweryfikowane, co oznacza, że model może być stosowany do badania przywództwa w zespołach wirtualnych.
Wkład w rozwój dyscypliny: W kontekście teoretycznym zidentyfikowano relacje występujące pomiędzy zmiennymi i dokonano oceny znaczenia przywództwa duchowego dla wirtualnej pracy zespołowej. W kontekście empirycznym przeprowadzono badania, na podstawie których zweryfikowano przydatność modelu przywództwa duchowego, a tym samym zaproponowano konkretne narzędzie do oceny przywództwa duchowego w zespołach wirtualnych.
Some aspects that influence the thinking and behavior of a manager: consequences and consequences in management
Authors: Kudryavtsev Alexander , Trunova Svetlana
Published: September 2024

This article analyzes the changes in the forms of thinking underlying social relations and stereotypes of thinking, their consequences and consequences in the management system. It is noted that from the point of view of the philosophy of thinking, every problem is formed on the basis of an extremely limited mental experience of a person who considers his experience universal. Today, contradictions have arisen between the rapidly changing conditions of existence and the properties of man himself. It is noted that at present there are signs of a new person forming. One of the signs is ability. In these conditions, an idolater — that is, a person living in extremes, worshipping power, power, money and physical pleasures — is doomed. It is concretized that at present there is a huge bureaucratic management apparatus, which is moving very slowly towards evolutionary changes, and a layer of young people is emerging, who are budding active pre-education. And in order not to get the effect of a «boiling kettle», we need a layer of people with mobile, flexible thinking, and there are such at all levels of the management hierarchy.
And today it is necessary to understand: the true indicator of civilization is not the wealth and greatness of cities, not the abundance of crops, but the appearance of a person who is brought up by the country, it is necessary to realize that it is necessary to form a mentality that would ensure the vital activity of the individual in society: «I can live when there is the same life nearby and as long as it is alive in my people». Also, in the system of labor organization, it is necessary to reconsider the postulate that the equalizing organization of economic life kills people's incentives to productive work. It's time to understand: people are born equal, but different. The principle of equality does not imply sameness. The paradox of inequality lies in the universal loss of human rights.
Medical tourism as one of the directions of forming a positive image of the country
Authors: Shtolʹts Lora
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the possibilities of developing the domestic medical tourism market and the export of medical services in order to form a positive image of the Russian Federation in the international arena and the international tourism market. Despite the current acute geopolitical situation and various kinds of sanctions against the Russian Federation, the sphere of medical tourism in Russia continues to develop consistently and systematically. The support of this industry can have a positive impact on the image of our country among potential foreign consumers of domestic medical services. In this regard, it is necessary to conduct marketing and sociological research aimed at studying the needs of foreign medical tourists, developing not only a high-quality medical product combined with tourist leisure offers, but also its own brand, which allows to promote this product more successfully. It is also necessary to develop methodological tools for the organization and implementation of the export of medical services, to form and update the regulatory framework. At the moment, the Association of Medical Tourism and the Export of Medical Services has been established in the Russian Federation, an appropriate federal project has been developed and a Coordination Center for monitoring the implementation of this project has been established. To write the article, publications on the Internet were used: the results of scientific and sociological research, analytical reviews, interviews with representatives of the Russian medical tourism industry. The article formulates the researcher's own vision regarding the further development of the medical tourism industry in Russia. The article is intended for sociologists, medical professionals, representatives of the tourism industry, as well as anyone interested in medical tourism and the export of medical services.
Primer Congreso Latinoamericano de Comunicación CIESPAL-FELAFACS
Authors:   Ciespal, Dávila Cobo Gissela , Ordóñez Andrade Francisco ,   Ciespal
Published: September 2024

El Primer Congreso Latinoamericano de Comunicación CIESPAL-FELAFACS es una apuesta para promover un encuentro que sea el escenario del debate necesario sobre la comunicación, asumida como una actividad protagónica de los próximos años. El Congreso, que también acoge al XIX Encuentro FELAFACS, convoca a comunicadores y comunicadoras, docentes, investigadores y estudiantes de toda la región iberoamericana, para pensar sobre los desafíos de la comunicación en Latinoamérica en relación con los cambios en el contexto socio cultural, durante los últimos años, acelerados por el desarrollo de la digitalización, la globalización, las tensiones políticas, las tendencias en la formación y el ejercicio profesional, y los escenarios post pandémicos, con miras al 2030.
Effect of Vit E, potassium, and alcohol-fermented feed supplementation before transport on body weight, carcass characteristics, and meat color of Hanwoo Steers
Authors:   Kangwon National University, Son Gi Hwal , Park Byung Ki ,   Kangwon National University, Li Xiang Zi ,   Yanbian University, Choi Byoung Yang ,   Cheil Jedang Feed Co, Shin Jong Suh ,   Kangwon National University
Published: September 2024

Background: During transport of cattle, not only does weight loss occur due to transport stress, but meat quality also deteriorates due to changes in meat color. Hence, stress generated during transportation causes economic loss for livestock farms. Objective: To investigate the effect of vitamin E, potassium, and alcohol-fermented feed supplementation before transport on body weight, carcass characteristics, and meat color of Hanwoo steers. Methods: Forty steers were divided into four treatment groups, with 10 cattle per treatment in two pens. (1) Vitamin E was fed at 500 IU/head/day. (2) An alcohol-fermented feed was fed at 1.58 kg/head/day for six months prior to transport. (3) Potassium at 1.45% of daily feed amount was fed orally one day before transport and (4) the control group. Transportation loss, carcass characteristics, and surface meat color were measured and data were analyzed by GLM (Generalized Linear Model) and Duncan's Multiple Range test using SAS (V.8.01; 2000) package. Results: Weight loss due to transport stress was lower in the treatment groups than in the control, especially with potassium treatment. Meat color, redness, clarity, and hue angle were significantly improved (add the p-value) in treatments compared to the control but fat color, marbling score, back fat thickness, carcass percentage, and meat production index were not different among treatments. Conclusion: Supplementation of alcohol-fermented feed, potassium, and vitamin E before transportation improves productivity by preventing loss in body weight and deterioration of the meat color due to transportation stress.
Elsőéves egyetemisták pénzügyi kultúrája 2021 és 2023 között
Authors: Prégler Krisztina
Published: September 2024

A pénzügyi kultúra megfelelő szintjének elsajátítása elengedhetetlen ahhoz, hogy felelős és hatékony pénzügyi, gazdasági döntéseket hozzunk a minden-napokban. Az ezzel kapcsolatos problémák és az alacsony pénzügyi műveltségi szint mind jól ismert jelenségek az országban. A 2010. év után a kormány a 2017-2023 időszakra célul tűzte ki a lakosság pénzügyi edukációját különböző programok, szervezetek bevonásával. A tanulmány ismét az elsőéves egyetemisták pénzügyi kultúra-szintjét mutatja be oly módon, hogy az online kérdőívre érkezett 2023. szeptemberben nem mesterképzésre bekerült elsőéves hallgatók válaszai kerültek kiértékelésre kereszttábla-elemzéssel és az összefüggések mérésére Pearson-féle x2 próba elvégzésével. A kutatás harmadik alkalommal zajlik le, így jelen tanulmány-ban összehasonlításra is sor kerül a 2021., 2022. és 2023. évre vonatkozóan. A kutatásban részt vett hallgatók pénzügyek iránti érdeklődése még mindig csak közepes szinten mozog, közepesen alacsony szintű pénzügyi tudásuk forrása továbbra is többnyire a szülői minta. A tudáspróbán elért eredmény a három év alatt nem mutat javuló tendenciát. Meggyőződésem továbbra is, hogy elengedhetetlen a pénzügyi ismeretek oktatásának bevezetése minden középszintű oktatási intézményben.
A Turisztikai Információs Rendszer (TIR) szerepe és jelentősége
Authors: Palancsa Attila
Published: September 2024

A mai turista elképzelhetetlennek tartja, hogy pár gombnyomással, képernyő érintéssel ne tudjon valamely, számára fontos turisztikai információhoz jutni. Természetesen ez nem mindig volt így. Éppen ezért fontos, hogy megértsük pl. a városi turizmus olyan alapvető információ átadási és fogyasztási rendszerét, amelyet ma használ a turista. Az általános elérhetőség ma (az in-formációk demokratizálása) mindenki számára kézenfekvő. Jelen tanul-mányban a turizmus és az internet alapú turisztikai információk felhas-ználásának, elérhetőségének, és bármely okból bekövetkező megszűnésének teoretikus megközelítésével foglalkozunk. Működési mechanizmusát ismer-jük, de a rendszer esetleges megszűnése a turizmusra szinte kikövetkezhetet-len hatással lenne.
Fundamentals of protein chemistry at the Institute of Biomedical Chemistry
Authors: Kolesnichenko A.V. , Pleshakova T.O.
Published: September 2024

Eighty years ago, the Institute of Biomedical Chemistry (IBMC) initially known as the Institute of Biological and Medical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR was founded. During the first decades significant studies were performed; they not only contributed to a deeper understanding of biochemical processes in the living organisms, but also laid the foundation for further development of these fields. The main directions of IBMC were focused on studies of structures of enzymes (primarily various proteases), their substrates and inhibitors, the role of enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in the development of pathologies, study of the mechanisms of hydrolytic and oxidative-hydrolytic transformation of organic compounds, studies of connective tissue proteins, including collagens, study of amino acid metabolism. It is difficult to find papers from that period in current online literature databases, so this review will help to understand the value of studies performed at IBMC during the first 40 years after its organization, as well as their impact on modern research.
Nanowire-based biosensors for solving biomedical problems
Authors: Goldaeva K.V. , Pleshakova T.O. , Ivanov Yu.D.
Published: September 2024

The review considers modern achievements and prospects of using nanowire biosensors, principles of their operation, methods of fabrication, and the influence of the Debye effect, which plays a key role in improving the biosensor characteristics. Special attention is paid to the practical application of such biosensors for the detection of a variety of biomolecules, demonstrating their capabilities and potential in the detection of a wide range of biomarkers of various diseases. Nanowire biosensors also show excellent results in such areas as early disease diagnostics, patient health monitoring, and personalized medicine due to their high sensitivity and specificity. Taking into consideration their high efficiency and diverse applications, nanowire-based biosensors demonstrate significant promise for commercialization and widespread application in medicine and related fields, making them an important area for future research and development.
Registration of activity of a single molecule of horseradish peroxidase using a detector based on a solid-state nanopore
Authors: Ivanov Yu.D. , Ableev A.N. , Vinogradova A.V. , Nevedrova E.D. , Shumov I.D. , Ziborov V.S. , Kozlov A.F. , Ivanova I.A. , Vaulin N.V. , Lebedev D.V. , Bukatin A.S. , Mukhin I.S. , Ponomarenko E.A. , Archakov A.I.
Published: September 2024

This work demonstrates the use of a solid-state nanopore detector to monitor the activity of a single molecule of a model enzyme, horseradish peroxidase (HRP). This detector includes a measuring cell, which is divided into cis- and trans- chambers by a silicon nitride chip (SiN structure) with a nanopore of 5 nm in diameter. To entrap a single HRP molecule into the nanopore, an electrode had been placed into the cis-chamber; HRP solution was added into this chamber after application of a negative voltage. The reaction of the HRP substrate, 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS), oxidation by the enzyme molecule was performed in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. During this reaction, the functioning of a single HRP molecule, entrapped in the nanopore, was monitored by recording the time dependence of the ion current flowing through the nanopore. The approach proposed in our work is applicable for further studies of functioning of various enzymes at the level of single molecules, and this is an important step in the development of single-molecule enzymology.
The human proteome size as a technological development function
Authors: Sarygina E.V. , Kozlova A.S. , Ponomarenko E.A. , Ilgisonis E.V.
Published: September 2024

Changes in information on the number of human proteoforms, post-translational modification (PTM) events, alternative splicing (AS), single-amino acid polymorphisms (SAP) associated with protein-coding genes in the neXtProt database have been retrospectively analyzed. In 2016, our group proposed three mathematical models for predicting the number of different proteins (proteoforms) in the human proteome. Eight years later, we compared the original data of the information resources and their contribution to the prediction results, correlating the differences with new approaches to experimental and bioinformatic analysis of protein modifications. The aim of this work is to update information on the status of records in the databases of identified proteoforms since 2016, as well as to identify trends in changes in the quantities of these records. According to various information models, modern experimental methods may identify from 5 to 125 million different proteoforms: the proteins formed due to alternative splicing, the implementation of single nucleotide polymorphisms at the proteomic level, and post-translational modifications in various combinations. This result reflects an increase in the size of the human proteome by 20 or more times over the past 8 years.
Microbial innovations in agriculture: interdisciplinary approaches to leveraging microbes for food sustainability and security
Authors: Mitra Debasis , Kumar Rahul , Kamboj Neha
Published: September 2024

Ensuring food security and promoting sustainability are huge global challenges that humanity must address. The field of microbiology presents promising solutions by leveraging the immense diversity and capabilities of microorganisms. These microscopic life forms play vital roles throughout the food production cycle, from enhancing soil fertility and boosting plant growth to controlling pests and diseases, facilitating food processing, and managing waste. Exploiting beneficial microbes can increase crop yields, improve nutrient bioavailability, and reduce reliance on synthetic agrochemicals, thereby contributing to environmental sustainability. Moreover, microbial biotechnologies enable the development of innovative food products, enhance food safety measures, and prolong shelf life, consequently minimizing food waste. Significantly, microbial-based solutions can be tailored to local contexts, fostering inclusive and equitable food systems accessible to diverse communities. However, fully realizing the potential of microbiology in food systems requires a multidisciplinary approach, integrating advancements in microbial ecology, genomics, metabolomics, bio preservation, and biotechnology. This abstract explores the potential of microbiology to contribute significantly to food security and sustainability, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary research and the integration of microbiological innovations into agricultural practices and food systems.
A pilot study on comparative analysis of minimum inhibitory concentration and mutant prevention concentration of conjunctival bacterial isolates against fluoroquinolones
Authors: Meena Lakshmipathy , Selvi Krishnan , Kavitha A. V. , Anand Sunderesan , Parthasarathy Durgadevi
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study was to compare the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Mutant Prevention Concentration (MPC) of fluoroquinolones, including ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and gatifloxacin, against and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CONS) isolated from conjunctival swabs.

25 isolates of spp., obtained from conjunctival swabs submitted to the Department of Microbiology, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, were included in this study. The identification and confirmation of spp. were performed using standard microbiological techniques. The MIC and MPC were determined using the agar dilution method, following protocols from previous studies. The MIC, MIC, MPC, and MPC values for the above three fluoroquinolones were calculated and analysed.

Out of all 25 isolates, 20 were CONS and 5 were . In our study, gatifloxacin had least MIC and MPC values when compared to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin. of gatifloxacin had lower MPCand MPC values in comparison to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Our study shows that Gatifloxacin had least MIC and MPC values when compared to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Besides, MPC of ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin showed wider range of distribution than the MIC.

Gatifloxacin demonstrated effective inhibition of resistant mutant strains at lower concentrations compared to ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Additionally, future studies with a larger number of isolates, incorporating pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters, will provide essential information on therapeutic outcomes and resistance prevention.
Nonlinear pushover analysis of the mechanical influences under the varied stories and column orientations in RC structures
Authors: Shi Mo , Choi Yeol
Published: September 2024

The natural disaster of earthquakes continues to be a catastrophic issue for urban environments, especially considering the widespread existence of RC (reinforced concrete) buildings in cities around the world. The continuous demand for expanded living spaces has led to the construction of taller structures, which brings an increased vulnerability to seismic events. The dilemma lies in the profound challenges that earthquakes pose to the structural integrity of these tall RC buildings, causing significant human and economic losses. Over the past decades, numerous analytical methods have been developed to evaluate and improve structural performance under seismic conditions. Notably, nonlinear pushover analysis has become prominent for its practicality and efficient stress calculations. This research aims to disclose the complex dynamics of seismic performance in the context of RC structures. Specifically, 10 distinct RC frame structures have been classified into two groups based on different column orientations. The overall goal is to examine and understand the mechanical influences of different stories and column orientations on the seismic resistance of RC buildings. By applying nonlinear pushover analysis, this research intends to offer valuable insights into the structural behavior of these various RC frame structures, contributing to a deeper understanding of seismic vulnerabilities and effective mitigation strategies.
Women’s Empowerment in Ondo State, Nigeria Using Education, Partner’s Attitude & Culture and Political Participation.
Authors: Yemi M Meroyi, , Victor Akinnigbagbe, Makinde
Published: September 2024

Women's empowerment was a major concern in most developing countries, including Nigeria. This was because human development evolves when there is development of people, their freedom, their opportunities, and their participation in those activities and events that shape their lives better. Women's empowerment was about the enhancement of the status of women economically, socially, and politically in our society. It concerns women's freedom to make decisions that affect their lives. This included the right to economic engagements of their interest, the right to spend their income freely, the right to inheritance and to owe property, etc. In most developing countries, women were relegated to the background, even as many of them strive to meet the needs of their children and family members. The research examines the impact of education on women's empowerment in Ondo State. It further investigates the impact of culture and religion on women's empowerment, the impact of partner’s attitude on women’s empowerment and the impact of political participation of women on women empowerment in Ondo state. The research methodology relies on a mixed-method approach. Thus, it entails using well-structured questionnaires and in-depth interviews with respondents. Descriptive statistics such as simple percentages, tables and chi-squares through SPSS were used to analyse data gathered during the fieldwork. Findings from the study reveal that women empowerment is a multifaceted process and is determined by the level of education, cultural and religious values, attitude of the husband, and political participation. The study recommends that access to quality education by women in the society should be enhanced. Community engagement and sensitization initiatives are crucial in addressing the contribution of restrictive cultural and religious norms to the disempowerment of women. The religious and community leaders should be engaged to discuss and re-define cultural and religious texts with a positive meaning for gender equality.