bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Engineered Exosomes for Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy: A Promising
Approach and Application
Authors: Fu Peiwen , Yin Siqi , Cheng Huiying , Xu Wenrong , Jiang Jiajia
Published: July 2023

A significant amount of research effort is currently focused on investigating the role of exosomes
in various cancers. These tiny vesicles, apart from acting as biomarkers, also play a crucial role in
tumor formation and development. Several studies have demonstrated that exosomes can be a drug delivery
vehicle for cancer therapy. In this paper, we highlight the key advantages of exosomes as a drug
delivery candidate, with a particular focus on their low immunogenicity, natural targeting ability and
suitable mechanical properties. Furthermore, we propose that the selection of appropriate exosomes and
drug loading methods based on therapeutic goals and product heterogeneity is essential for preparing
engineered exosomes. We comprehensively analyzed the superiorities of current drug-loading methods
to improve the creation of designed exosomes. Moreover, we systematically review the applications of
engineered exosomes in various therapies such as immunotherapy, gene therapy, protein therapy, chemotherapy,
indicating that engineered exosomes have the potential to be reliable and, safe drug carriers
that can address the unmet needs in cancer clinical practice.
Ubiquitin-specific protease 8 regulates cognitive dysfunction of mice with sepsis-associated encephalopathy through SIRT1 deubiquitination
Authors: Li Zuoxiao , Gao Weina , Wang Lijuan
Published: July 2023

Background:

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is the most severe complication of sepsis. Ubiquitin-specific protease 8 (USP8) could improve cognitive and motor disorders in SAE.

Objective:

This study explored the mechanism of USP8 in SAE mice to provide new therapeutic targets for SAE.

Methods:

C57BL/6 mice were selected to establish SAE models by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and injected with lentivirus overexpressing USP8 one week before SAE modeling. Mouse weight changes were monitored, cognitive and learning abilities were tested by the Morris water maze test, behaviors were evaluated by open-field tests, and pathological changes in brain tissue were analyzed by H&E staining. Levels of USP8, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, and SOD, GSH-Px activities, and MDA levels were detected by Western blot, ELISA, and kits. Co-immunoprecipitation assay verified the interaction between USP8 and SIRT1 and SIRT1 ubiquitination level.

Results:

In CLP mice, the body weight, cognitive function, and learning ability were decreased, along with motor disorder, abnormal morphological structure of neurons, and obvious inflammatory infiltration. USP8 protein in brain tissue was decreased, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were increased, IL-10 was decreased, SOD and GSH-Px activities were decreased, and MDA level was increased. USP8 treatment improved cognitive dysfunction and inhibited inflammation and oxidative stress in CLP mice. USP8 promoted SIRT1 expression by direct deubiquitination. SIRT1 knockdown partially reversed the regulation of USP8 on SAE mice.

Conclusion:

USP8 can directly deubiquitinate SIRT1 and inhibit inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress, thus improving cognitive dysfunction in SAE mice.
Vulnerable Carotid Plaque is Associated with an Increased Risk of
Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Individuals at High Risk of Stroke: A
Chinese Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Li Jie , Zhang Ping , Chen Hong , Qing Ting , Wang Yanfen , Zhou Ju , Yi Xingyang , Wang Chun
Published: July 2023

Objectives:

To assess the association between carotid artery plaques and the risk of incident intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) event in high-risk individuals for stroke.

Methods:

We conducted a population-based cohort study using the longitudinal participant-level data of a multicenter, cross-sectional survey in southwestern China. 2644 high-risk participants for stroke were enrolled in the year 2015. The primary outcome was new-onset ICH events during a five-year follow-up period. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify the association between carotid plaque and new-onset ICH. Stratified analyses and interaction tests were conducted to identify variables that might modify the association between vulnerable carotid plaque and ICH.

Results:

Among 2644 high-risk individuals enrolled, carotid plaques were found in 904 (34.2%) subjects, including 479 (18.1%) with stable plaques and 425 (16.1%) with vulnerable plaques. During a five-year follow-up period, 22 (0.83%) participants developed ICH. Vulnerable carotid plaque was associated with an increased risk of new-onset ICH in multivariable analyses (adjusted RR 3.72, 95 % CI 1.32 to 10.46, p=0.013).Stratified analyses and interaction analyses demonstrated the association between vulnerable carotid plaque and ICH was not changed by age, family history of stroke, hemorrhagic stroke and chronic disease, smoking, drinking, physical activity, BMI, antihypertensives, and antithrombotic drugs (all p for interaction>0.05). However, among the female cohort, participants with vulnerable plaques had a significantly higher risk of ICH compared with participants without vulnerable plaques (crude RR=9.8; 95%CI: 3.1-31.3, p<0.001; adjusted RR=26.3, 95%CI: 5.5-124.5, p<0.001), but not in man (p>0.05).

Conclusion:

In Chinese individuals at high risk of stroke, vulnerable carotid artery plaques are associated with an increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage independent of classical vascular risk factors, especially in female individuals.
Research Progress on Small-molecule Inhibitors of Protein Arginine
Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) for Treating Cancer
Authors: Guo Chaohua , Wu Lintao , Zheng Xumei , Zhao Lin , Hou Xiaojia , Wang Zhijun , Han Chun
Published: July 2023

Background:

The protein arginine methyltransferase family includes nine members,
with PRMT5 being the major type II arginine methyltransferase. PRMT5 is upregulated in a variety
of tumors and promotes tumorigenesis and tumor cell proliferation and metastasis, making it a
potential tumor therapy target. Recently, PRMT5 inhibitor research and development have become
hotspots in the tumor therapy field.

Methods:

We classified and summarized PRMT5 inhibitors according to different binding mechanisms.
We mainly analyzed the structure, biological activity, and binding interactions of PRMT5
inhibitors with the PRMT5 enzyme.

Results:

At present, many PRMT5 inhibitors with various mechanisms of action have been reported,
including substrate-competitive inhibitors, SAM-competitive inhibitors, dual substrate-/SAMcompetitive
inhibitors, allosteric inhibitors, PRMT5 degraders, MTA-cooperative PRMT5 inhibitors
and PPI inhibitors.

Conclusion:

These inhibitors are beneficial to the treatment of tumors. Some drugs are being used
in clinical trials. PRMT5 inhibitors have broad application prospects in tumor therapy.
THE IMPORTANT OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY EXAMINATION IN DIAGNOSING SEGMENTAL ZOSTER PARESIS: CASE REPORT
Authors: Tedyanto Eric Hartono , Pratiwi Ni Made Dwita , Arimbawa I Komang , Widyadharma I Putu Eka
Published: July 2023

Background: Segmental zoster paresis (SZP) is a very uncommon complication characterized by localized weakening of the upper or lower limbs. Case report: A 69-year-old man came with complaints of weakness in the right leg two months ago. He had weakness in his right leg after two days of having herpes on his right leg. There was paresthesia and hypesthesia on neurological examination according to the L1-L3 dermatome. Neurophysiology examination revealed a neuropathy in the right femoral nerve. Discussion: Varicella-zoster virus, being a neurotrophic virus, primarily invades and incubates in the dorsal root or cerebral ganglion nerve cells. Etiological investigations in SZP patients have revealed that the anterior root is the most prevalent location of inflammation and degeneration. Conclusion: SZP is a rare complication following VZV infection that can lead to misdiagnosis and overtreatment in clinical practice. The neurophysiological examination is very important in diagnosing segmental zoster paresis.
EFFICACY OF INTRAVENOUS TIROFIBAN THERAPY IN LACUNAR STROKE PATIENTS
Authors: Yabalak Ahmet , Sarli Petek , Yilmaz Murat , Tokmak Hilmiye , Ogun Muhammed Nur
Published: July 2023

Background: Lacunar ischemic infarcts are small-sized infarcts that develop as a result of occlusion of perforating arteries. Although its pathophysiology differs from other stroke types, there is no separate treatment option from non-cardioembolic strokes. Early neurological worsening in lacunar strokes is a common condition reported up to 41%. There is no effective treatment method to prevent or correct progression. Tirofiban is a reversible receptor antagonist of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa. There are cohort studies with small number of cases related to its use in ischemic stroke. We wanted to evaluate its effectiveness on the progression of lacunar stroke because it is a powerful antiplatelet agent. Objective: Tirofiban is a reversible receptor antagonist of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa. There are cohort studies with small number of cases related to its use in ischemic stroke. We wanted to evaluate its effectiveness on the progression of lacunar stroke because it is a powerful antiplatelet agent. Methods: The data of patients who were followed up in our clinic with the diagnosis of lacunar stroke between August 2020 and May 2022 and who received tirofiban treatment were evaluated retrospectively. Patients' ages, infarct localizations, NIHSS scores at admission, at the beginning and end of tirofiban treatment, and 3rd month mRS scores were recorded. Results: Fifteen patients, 11 male and 4 female, were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 68.73±9.58 (range, 51-85). Tirofiban was started proactively in 2 patients, after progression in 13 patients. The NIHSS scores were 7.20±2.65 at the start of the infusion, and 4.80±3.93 after the infusion, and the decrease was statistically significant (P=0.010). Conclusion: These findings suggest that intravenous tirofiban therapy is a safe and effective treatment option to stop symptomatic fluctuations and shorten the duration of deficit in patients with progressive lacunar stroke.
ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIAN BURNOUT WITH HEADACHE AND LOW BACK PAIN DURING PANDEMIC COVID-19
Authors: Husodo Kharisma Ridho
Published: July 2023

Background: Physician burnout is a common problem seen in health workers, especially doctors and it is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment in daily work. The pandemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes an increase in the workload among doctors which will affect the incidence of Burnout. Burnout not only includes psychological problems, but also has a risk for physical disorders including pain disorders. Objective: To investigate the association of burnout level with headache and low back pain among physicians at Yogyakarta Islamic Hospital PDHI. Methods: This research design was a descriptive analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The subjects in this study were 46 doctors who worked at the Yogyakarta Islamic Hospital PDHI. Burnout levels were assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) test. The incidence of headache and its impact on daily activities were assessed using the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) questionnaire while Low Back Pain was assessed using Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Results: Among burnout parameters, depersonalization was the most influential parameter which caused burnout. COVID-19 pandemic gave more impact to burnout level. The headache and low back pain incidence were 39,1% (18 subjects) and 43,4% (20 subjects) respectively. There were significant correlations between headache and every burnout parameter. Low back pain also had significant correlations to each burnout parameters. Conclusion: There was association of Burnout level with headache and low back pain incidence among physicians.
Crude Birth Rate in Croatia: local-scale variability, spatial patterns, and trends from 2001 to 2020
Authors:   Croatian Catholic University, Zagreb, Croatia, Belić Tomislav
Published: July 2023

This study investigates the spatio-temporal variability of the Crude Birth Rate in Croatia between 2001 and 2020. The local-scale data covers 556 spatial units. Additionally, the data covers categories by type and size of unit and their respective regions. The study is based on descriptive and spatial statistics (Global and Local Moran's indices). The results reveal two main processes in the long-term trends of birth rates in Croatia: convergence at a low birth rate and a significant decrease in spatial autocorrelation. The most intense convergence took place between 2009 and 2017, mainly overlapping with the economic recession period. The process was also observed at the regional level. Spatial autocorrelation decreased between 2001 and 2016, followed by a slight increase. In the initial years, the main cause could be modernization, and later the economic recession and the subsequent emigration wave that followed Croatia's accession to the European Union. Finally, the continuation of the polarization between the center and the periphery is evident.
Comparative analysis of Jewish heritage tourism research methods
Authors:   University of Zagreb, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of Judaic Studies, Zagreb, Hrvatska, Fiket Anita
Published: July 2023

Jewish heritage tourism is a relatively new form of niche tourism which appeared in Europe in the 1990s, because of a renewed understanding of cultural and historical values of Jewish heritage. By its inclusion in tourism, Jewish heritage has become a visible component in destinations, which has led to the renovation of synagogues, opening of Jewish museums, organization of festivals, and also to the gentrification of neglected Jewish quarters in many European cities. The goal of this paper is to analyse the most common methods, selection of stakeholders, elements, research locations and spatial scope used in studies of Jewish heritage tourism. The analysis includes 28 scientific papers from databases and focuses on the research methods used in those papers. The results show that the most common methods used in studies of Jewish heritage tourism are content analysis and interviews. These methods have proven to be suitable for determining the state and representation of Jewish heritage in each destination, while for a higher level of integration of Jewish heritage in tourism, other methods are more appropriate.
Ellagic Acid - A Dietary Polyphenol with Anticancer Activity that Deserves More Consideration
Authors: Djaldetti Meir
Published: July 2023

Ellagic acid (EA) the principal polyphenol of pomegranate (Punicca granatum) is renowned for its beneficial therapeutic activity in several diseases including cancer. Studies have shown that EA exerts a carcinopreventive effect on many cancer cells, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and limiting neovascularization and cell migration. In animal models, EA could reduce tumor development, number and size. Research detected that EA exerts its activity on cancer cells through several signaling pathways, without affecting the function and viability of normal cells. While the investigation of the carcinopreventive effect of EA has been carried out in great detail in vitro, research on animal models and clinical studies is rather scanty, leaving the impression that its potential value as a carcinopreventer is somewhat neglected. This work aims to review the effect of EA on different types of cancer and to attract researchers’ attention to the potential of EA to serve as an adjuvant to anti-cancer drugs.
Heart Disease Prediction using Deep Learning
Authors: Tejaswini K.
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Heart disease is a common, potentially fatal disorder that affects a lot of people all over the world. A thorough and timely diagnosis is essential for efficient treatment and management. By analyzing large datasets, deep learning algorithms have demonstrated considerable promise in the diagnosis of cardiac disease. Given the alarming prevalence of heart diseases and their substantial impact on mortality rates, researchers worldwide have dedicated substantial efforts to address this issue. They have approached heart diagnosis as a classification problem, employing data mining techniques to identify meaningful patterns. This project specifically focuses on supervised learning, employing various algorithms such as regression (including linear regression, support vector machine, and Poisson regression) and classification (including logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, and naive Bayes)
Leveraging Social Networks for P2P Content-Based File Sharing in Disconnected Manets
Authors: Selvi Dr. S. Sahaya Tamil
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) consist of digital devices, nodes are constantly moving, forming disconnected form of network with exploiting chances offered by immediate circumstances without reference to a general plan node encountering. Such transient network connections pose a challenge for the development of P2P MANETs. Traditional methods supporting P2P MANETs are flooding-based, advertisement-based and social networking method. This paper proposes a P2P content-based file sharing system, namely SPOON, for disconnected MANETs. The system uses an interest extraction algorithm to derive a node’s interests from its files for content-based file searching. For efficient file searching, SPOON groups commoninterest nodes that frequently meet with each other as communities.
On the Use of Passports and Passes by Central Asian Pilgrims in the Russian Empire (18th – 19th Centuries)
Authors: Taniyeva G. M.
Published: July 2023

This article analyzes from a scientifi c point of view information about the history of passes and passports that gave the right to Central Asian pilgrims who went on a hajj through the territory of the Russian Em pire. For this purpose, the author introduced into scientifi c circulation in formation from historical documents of the 18th –19th centuries stored in the foreign policy archive of the Russian Empire, the state archive of the Orenburg region (Russian Federation), and also in the National Archives of Uzbekistan. The study of this issue is intended to help in the study of dip lomatic, trade and economic relations between the Central Asian khanates and the Russian Empire and the problems of tolerance between peoples, as well as the development of scientifi c conclusions regarding the policy of the Russian Empire towards Islam in the 18th –19th centuries.
Постановка проблемы по рациональному распределению ресурса, предназначенного для обеспечения комплексной безопасности предприятий
Authors: Гвоздев Евгений Владимирович
Published: July 2023

Ресурсы предприятия — это его богатый внутренний потенциал, который нацелен на устойчивое функционирование производственного процесса. Впервые в виде проблемы представлено новое укрупненное методологически описанное направление, решение задач в котором сосредоточено на ресурсном обеспечении подсистем, входящих в комплексную безопасность предприятия. Проанализированы подходы с использованием существующих методов в комплексной безопасности предприятий, рассмотрены особенности их применения. Представлено обоснование по выбору метода множителей Лагранжа, с применением которого сформирована постановка проблемы по рациональному распределению ресурса, предназначенного для обеспечения устойчивого функционирования и развития ведомственных (отраслевых) подсистем, входящих в комплексную безопасность предприятия. В статье представлена постановка проблемы по рациональному распределению ресурсных средств (материальных, экономических, временных, трудовых, информационных и т. д.), рациональное использование которых позволяет системе КБ перемещаться на вышестоящий уровень развития. Решение частных задач, входящих в содержание методологически описанной проблемы, даст возможность разработать методологию синтеза комплексной безопасности, способной адаптироваться к различным условиям функционирования предприятия (режимы повседневной деятельности, а также угрозы и возникновения чрезвычайных ситуаций природного и техногенного характера), что имеет важное хозяйственное для России значение.
Pengaruh Variasi Latihan Passmove Terhadap Keterampilan Teknik Dasar Passing Futsal
Authors: Anjanika Yonifia , Ali Muhammad , Rizky Ramadhani Ella
Published: July 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi latihan passmove terhadap keterampilan teknik dasar passing Futsal Ekstrakurikuler SMA Negeri 11 Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen, dalam penelitian ini terdapat satu kelompok eksperimen yang sengaja diberikan perlakuan. Adapun rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan One Group Pretest-Postest Design yaitu kelompok yang diberikan perlakuan, tetapi sebelum perlakuan diberikan terlebih dahulu dilakukan tes awal (pretest), dan kemudian diakhir perlakuan dilakukan lagi tes akhir (postest). sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan total sampeling pemain Futsal Ekstrakurikuler SMA Negeri 11 Kota Jambi berjmlah 18 orang. Berdasarkan analisis data yang diperoleh sebagai berikut tes awal diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 6,39  Standar Deviasi 1,39 dengan nilai terbaik 9 dan kemampuan terendah 4 serta rentang 5. Data hasil tes akhir keterampilan teknik  dasar passing  futsal  setelah diberi Latihan Passmove didapat rata-rata sebesar 8,78 Standar Deviasi 0,73 dengan nilai terbaik 10 dan kemampuan terendah 7 dengan rentang 3. Nilai antar t hitung dengan nilai presentil pada tabel distribusi – t, untuk taraf nyata α = 0,05 dengan derajat kebebasan (dk) = (n – 1) = 17 diperoleh t hitung (8,85) > t tabel (1,7396). Ini berarti hipotesis Ha yang diterima dan Ho ditolak. Jadi dapat disimpulkan terdapat pengaruh Latihan Passmove terhadap keterampilan teknik  dasar passing  futsal  ekstrakurikuler SMA Negeri 11 Kota Jambi  dengan t Hitung > t Tabel. Dapat di simpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh Latihan Passmove terhadap keterampilan teknik  dasar passing  futsal  ekstrakurikuler SMA Negeri 11 Kota Jambi

 Kata kunci: Latihan Passmove, Teknik Dasar, Passing Futsal
ANALISIS DOSIS EFEKTIF TERHADAP CITRA ORGAN PARU PASIEN THORAX MENGGUNAKAN OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE DOSIMETER (OSLD)
Authors: Oktamuliani Sri , Apria Ernando Rinnesa , Sofyan Hasnel , Illona Giovanni Vanessa , Ramadana Fitra
Published: July 2023

Instalasi radiologi adalah penunjang pelayan medik di rumah sakit yang memanfaatkan sinar-X untuk keperluan diagnosis terutama organ paru pada pasien thoraks. Paparan sinar-X dapat merusak jaringan dan sel, namun dalam paparan yang sesuai dengan prinsip as low as reasonably achievably (ALARA) dapat memberikan manfaat yang dapat membatasi pasien dari bahaya efek akibat pemakaian sumber radiasi pengion. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghitung dosis efektif pada organ paru yang diterima oleh pasien menggunakan dosimeter pasif berjenis optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter (OSLD) di salah satu rumah sakit di kota Padang. Pengambilan data dilakukan terhadap 20 pasien dewasa usia 20-50 tahun dengan mengukur massa dan tinggi pasien dan OSLD nanoDots dipasangkan pada area thoraks untuk menghitung dosis serap oleh pasien. Data demografi pasien menunjukan bahwa terdapat 50% pasien yang memiliki indek massa tubuh (IMT) normal, 15% pasien dengan IMT gemuk tingkat ringan, 30% IMT gemuk tingkat berat, dan 5% IMT kurus. Dosis yang terbaca pada OSLD nanoDots adalah dosis serap. Dosis efektif yang diterima oleh pasien dihitung dari besarnya dosis serap yang diterima pasien dikalikan dengan faktor bobot radiasi dan organ. Pasien dengan pemberian tegangan 58,5 kVp dan 6,30 mAs menerima dosis efektif tertinggi pada organ paru sebesar 0,027 mSv dan pasien dengan pemberian tegangan 125 kVp dan 1,33 mAs. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pasien dengan waktu papar lebih lama, akan menerima dosis yang lebih tinggi walaupun diberikan energi radiasi yang besar kepada pasien.
PEMBUATAN KARBON AKTIF DARI SABUT KELAPA DENGAN AKTIVASI MENGGUNAKAN H3PO4 UNTUK ADSORPSI AIR GAMBUT
Authors: Lb Fahmijal , Yusuf Lubis Ridwan , Sirait Ratni
Published: July 2023

Sabut kelapa merupakan limbah perkebunan yang kurang dimanfaatkan . Dalam bagian sabut kelapa memiliki kandungan lignin dan selulosa yang menjadi dasar bahwa sabut kelapa bisa dijadikan karbon aktif. Tahapan yang dilakukan pada pembuatan karbon aktif meliputi proses preparasi sampel, karbonisasi, pengayakan dan aktivasi menggunakan asam fosfat, kemudian proses uji yang terdiri dari uji sifat fisis, karakterisasi menggunakan FTIR, XRD, SEM dan uji Adsorpsi. Variasi asam fosfat yang dilakukan yaitu 0%, 8%, 10% dan 12%. Hasil terbaik diperoleh pada variasi konsentrasi 12% dengan nilai kadar air 6,92%, kadar zat mudah menguap 16,11%, kadar abu sebesar 7,47%, dan kadar karbon murni 76,42%. Untuk uji karaterisasi FTIR menghasilkan gugus fungsi O-H asam karboksilat, N-H amina, C=C cincin aromatik, C=C alkena, C-H alkana, C-O asam karboksilat, dan C-H cincin aromatik. XRD menunjukkan fasa kristal yang berbentuk kubik, dan uji SEM menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi konsentrasi asam fosfat menjadikan karbon aktif memiliki pori-pori yang lebih banyak. Hasil adsorpsi menunjukkan beberapa parameter telah memenuhi standar PERMENKES Tahun 2017 tentang air bersih diantaranya warna dan Besi (Fe) dengan persentase penurunan warna sebesar 97,5% dan Besi (Fe) sebesar 86,21%.
PERSEPSI ORANG TUA SISWA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN VIDEO PEMBELAJARAN MELALUI WHATSSAPP
Authors: Rohayu Sri
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan persepsi orang tua siswa terhadap penggunaan  video pembelajaran  melalui Whatsapp,  dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus (Case Studies). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada kelas IA SDN 02 Kota Jambi yang jumlah siswanya 23 orang, terdiri dari 13 siswa laki-laki dan 10 siswa perempuan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan  wawancara dan dokumen. Kemudian analisis data dilakukan dengan deskriptif kualitatif. Adapun data yang diperoleh bersumber dari Orang Tua Siswa Kelas 1A SDN 02 Kota Jambi. Hasil penelitian persepsi orang tua siswa terhadap penggunaan video pembelajaran  melalui whatsapp  antara lain:  persepsi orang tua sebagian besar menyatakan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan video tidak efektif dan tidak efisien  karena membuat orang tua kerepotan dan menyita waktu serta tidak meningkatkan minat untuk diterapkan pada saat pembelajaran dari rumah. Persepsi Positifnya terhadap pembelajaran dengan menggunakan video dikirim melalui whatsapp ini orangtua dapat lebih mengenal sikap dan karakter anaknya dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran
 Kata Kunci : Persepsi, Video, dan Whatsapp.
PROBLEMATIKA DAN SOLUSI ALTERNATIF PEMBELAJARAN DARING UNTUK MATA PELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI 13/IV KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Pebriansari Vina , Soedarto Harjono Hary , Ali Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini membahas tentang problematika dan solusi alternatif pembelajaran daring mata pelajaran Matematika. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring  pada masa pandemi Covid-19 dan mendeskripsikan problematika guru dalam pembelajaran matematika secara daring pada masa pandemic Covid-19 serta mendeskripsikan solusi pemecahan problematika pembelajaran matematika daring pada masa pandemic Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian mix method. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil angket, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan uji validitas dan reliabilitas serta menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan metode. Teknik analisis data menggunakan skala Likert dan model interaktif terdiri dari pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan. Teknik sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik purposive sampling. Hasil temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika secara daring di kelas V pada masa pandemi Covid-19 berlangsung dengan baik namun kurang maksimal. Hal tersebut disebabkan oleh temuan problematika pembelajaran dari segi sarana prasarana, kemampuan guru dalam menggunakan teknologi daring dan kesiapan siswa. Selanjutnya, upaya yang ditempuh oleh guru dalam mengatasi problematika pembelajaran daring ini yaitu, guru maksimal dalam memberikan pelayanan pendidikan, namun ada beberapa problematika yang tidak bisa dihadapi sendiri, membutuhkan upaya bersama dalam menanganinya.
 Kata kunci  : Problematika daring, matematika, pandemi Covid-19
STUDI STRATEGI GURU KELAS DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA PERMULAAN PADA PROSES PEMBELAJARAN DARING KELAS RENDAH SDIT CAHAYA HATI
Authors: Asmaryadi Ilham , Nazurty Nazurty , Muazza Muazza
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi guru dalam menigkatkan kemamuan membaca permulaan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif studi kasus, yang mendeskripsikan temuan penelitian dari hasil eksplorasi pengumpulan data penelitian. Subjek penelitian ini ialah guru kelas rendah SDIT Cahaya Hati. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa kemampuan membaca permulaan siswa kelas 1 dan 2 masih rendah selama proses pembelajaran daring dilaksanakan, hambatan yang terjadi pada proses pembelajaran daring diantaranya sulitnya guru berinteraksi secara khusus dengan siswayang mengalami kesulitan membaca strategi yang digunakan pada pembelajaran daring yaitu dengam memberikan video pembelaran yang dikirim melalui WA grup kelas,video call dan zoom.
Kata kunci  : Pembelajaran Daring, Membaca Permulaan, Strategi Belajar
EKSTRAKURIKULER WAJIB PENDIDIKAN KEPRAMUKAAN DALAM PELAKSANAAN KURIKULUM 2013 PADA SEKOLAH DASAR DI GUGUS MUHAJIRIN
Authors: Desmisawati Desmisawati , Ayu Wulandari Bunga , Ali Muhammad
Published: July 2023

ujuan penulisan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan ekstrakurikuler wajib Pendidikan Kepramukaan yang mengacu kurikulum 2013 pada Sekolah Dasar di Gugus Muhajirin. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif karena bertujuan untuk menggambarkan secara sistematis fakta dan karakteristik objek atau subjek yang diteliti secara tepat tentang penerapan dan pelaksanaan ekstrakurikuler wajib dalam kurikulum 2013 pada sekolah dasar. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari 6 sekolah yang ada di Gugus Muhajirin bahwa sekolah hanya melaksanakan ektrakurikuler wajib pendidikan pramuka model reguler yang sifatnya sukarela sesuai minat dan bakat, tidak ada satupun sekolah yang melaksanakan kegiatan ekstrakulikuler wajib pendidikan. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler wajib pendidikan kepramukaan pada kurikulum 2013 sesuai aturan permendikud nomo 63 tahun 2014 belum terlaksana sepenuhnya, karena disatuan pendidikan di Gugus Muhajirin hanya melaksanakan ekstrakurikuler wajib pendidikan kepramukaan model reguler.
Kata kunci :Ekstrakurikuler Wajib, Pelakasanaan Kurikulum 2013
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA ONLINE PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA TINGKAT SEKOLAH DASAR DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 (KAJIAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIK)
Authors: Artika Siti , Sulistyo Urip , Destrinelli Destrinelli
Published: July 2023

Media pembelajaran adalah suatu alat yang digunakan dan berfungsi untuk menyampaikan  pesan-pesan pembelajaran. Media pembelajaran merupakan salah satu upaya pengadaan media pembelajaran yang inovatif dan efektif. Sehingga pada akhirnya diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan dan menjadikan pembelajaran lebih menarik. Tujuan  dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan media apa saja yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika di tingkat sekolah dasar pada masa pandemi covid-19 serta mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan media dalam pembelajaran matematika di tingkat sekolah dasar selama masa pandemi covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan sistematika literature review. Peneliti menggunakan model PRISMA yaitu; Identifikasi, Penyaringan, Kelayakan, dan Inklusi  untuk pengumpulan data. Data dianalisis melalui metode naratif dengan mengelompokkan  hasil yang ditemukan dan yang sejenis. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa ada 8 media yang  digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika tingkat SD pada masa pandemi covid-19, yaitu; whatsapp, video belajar, Zoom, Google Classroom, Youtube, Google form, android, quizizz, cisco webex, pear deck dan jamboard. Guru menggunakan media; Sebagai  platform berbagi, Sebagai aktivitas pembelajaran yang sinkron, Sebagai aktivitas pembelajaran yang tidak sinkron, Sebagai alat penilaian, dan sebagai platform diskusi.
 Kata Kunci: Media online , Matematika SD, Literatur sistematik
Inner ear decompression sickness after a routine dive and recompression chamber drill
Authors:   School of Infantry – West, Camp Pendleton, California, U.S., Parsons, MD LCDR Dale , Utz, MD CDR (Ret) Edward ,   Head & Neck Surgery Department, Kaiser Permanente San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, California, U.S., Kidd, DO CAPT Grant ,   Navy Experimental Diving Unit, Panama City Beach, Florida, U.S., Virgilio, MD CAPT Gina ,   Explosive Ordnance Disposal Group ONE, San Diego, California, U.S.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT Parsons D, Utz E, Kidd G, Virgilio G. Inner ear decompression sickness after a routine dive and recompression chamber drill. Undersea Hyperb Med. 2024 Second Quarter; 51(2):129-135. Inner ear decompression sickness (IEDCS) is an uncommon diving-related injury affecting the vestibulocochlear system, with symptoms typically including vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss, either in isolation or combination. Classically associated with deep, mixed-gas diving, more recent case series have shown that IEDCS is indeed possible after seemingly innocuous recreational dives, and there has been one previous report of IEDCS following routine hyperbaric chamber operations. The presence of right-to-left shunt (RLS), dehydration, and increases in intrathoracic pressure have been identified as risk factors for IEDCS, and previous studies have shown a predominance of vestibular rather than cochlear symptoms, with a preference for lateralization to the right side. Most importantly, rapid identification and initiation of recompression treatment are critical to preventing long-term or permanent inner ear deficits. This case of a U.S. Navy (USN) diver with previously unidentified RLS reemphasizes the potential for IEDCS following uncomplicated diving and recompression chamber operations – only the second reported instance of the latter.
AI DRIVEN ISLAMIC BUY NOW PAY LATER (BNPL) – A LEGAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Katterbauer Klemens , Syed Hassan , Genc Sema Yilmaz , Cleenewerck Laurent
Published: July 2023

Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) schemes have experienced worldwide rapid growth rates in order to stimulate consumption growth and provide consumers with more options in paying for their items. Traditional consumers were offered for a long time offers where they may purchase products and services and then pay them off over a period of time. BNPL schemes are a new form of electronic installment payment arrangements that permit the purchase of even smaller items and pay them off over a period of time. While installment options were mostly restricted to larger purchases, such as cars and furniture, newer BNPL enable to purchase efficiently even less expensive goods and services. This change in opportunities has attracted merchants and financial services provider in Islamic countries to evaluate BNPL for their business and provide it to their consumers. Islamic law has various forms of contracts that may be utilized for BNPL scheme. However, the most common form is the structure of a Murabaha for financing these schemes. The article outlines the general BNPL structure for Islamic finance and the legal issues that arise from general BNPL schemes. Ensuring the solid connection between goods and services and the financing is paramount for maintaining compliance with Shariah law. The legal analysis outlined several structures that are suitable for BNPL schemes that are Shariah compliant, enabling Islamic finance to strengthen the sector and provide dedicated financing options.
The FAIRification of research in real-world evidence: A practical introduction to reproducible analytic workflows using Git and R
Authors: Weberpals Jannick , Wang Shirley
Published: July 2023

Transparency and reproducibility are major prerequisites for conducting
meaningful real-world evidence (RWE) studies that are fit for
decision-making. Many advances have been made in the documentation and
reporting of study protocols and results, but the principles for version
control and sharing of analytic code in RWE are not yet as established
as in other quantitative disciplines like computational biology and
health informatics. In this practical tutorial, we aim to give an
introduction to distributed version control systems (VCS) tailored
towards the FAIR ( Findable, Accessible,
Interoperable and Reproducible) implementation of RWE
studies. To ease adoption, we provide detailed step-by-step instructions
with practical examples on how the Git VCS and R programming language
can be implemented into RWE study workflows to facilitate reproducible
analyses. We further discuss and showcase how these tools can be used to
track changes, collaborate, disseminate and archive RWE studies through
dedicated project repositories that maintain a complete audit trail of
all relevant study documents.
The impact of different conservation strategies on the gut microbiome and metabolome of the threatened wildlife: an observation from golden snub-nosed monkey
Authors: Zhang Du , Hu Qi , Zhou Yunyun , Yu Huiliang , Cong Wei , Cheng Minghao , Wang Junwen , Liu Xueduan , Zou Kai , Long Shuizhi , Zhao Chongnan , Jiang Jun , Gao Fei , Zhang Yuguang
Published: July 2023

Human conservation efforts have pros and cons for endangered animals.
Metagenomic analysis of the gut microbiome provides valuable insights
and tools for wildlife conservation. However, most studies only focus on
changes in microbial species and potential functional genes, leaving out
the assembly mechanisms and metabolic activities of wildlife gut
microbiome. Herein, we investigated the gut microbiome of golden
snub-nosed monkeys under varied conservation strategies (wild, captive,
and food provision) using metagenome and metabolome analysis. We found
that the conserved monkeys had more non-redundant genes, distinct
community diversities, and less stable gut microbiota. Source-tracking
analysis showed captive group has fewer wild-sourced microbes than food
provision group. The captive group had more habitat specialists with
narrower niche breadth compared to the provision/wild counterparts.
Besides, captive group’s microbiota governed by deterministic processes
more than provisioned/wild groups. Procrustes analysis revealed changes
in antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors linked to mobile
genetic elements in conserved monkeys. Notably, gut microbiota and
metabolomic dataset had significant co-variation and clear separation
among the wild, captive and food provision groups. Weighted correlation
network analysis identified co-varying modules of microbiota and
metabolites with opposite variation trends between the wild and
conserved animals, specifically linked to co-metabolism pathways
associated with essential amino acids. This study provides new insights
into the structural features, assembly mechanisms, community functions,
and microbiota-metabolome associations of wildlife gut microbiome under
different conservation strategies and have significant implications for
advancing sustainable conservation practices.
All III-Arsenide Low Threshold InAs Quantum Dot Lasers on InP(001)
Authors: Kwoen Jinkwan , Morais Natália , Zhan Wenbo , Iwamoto Satoshi , Arakawa Yasuhiko
Published: July 2023

This study investigates the development of InAs quantum dot (QD) lasers
on a InP(001) substrate, utilizing only III-arsenide layers. This
approach avoids the issues associated with the use of phosphorus
compounds, which are evident in the crystal growth of conventional
C/L-band QD lasers, making the manufacturing process safer, simpler, and
more cost-effective. The threshold current density of the fabricated QD
laser was 633 A/cm2, which is the lowest value for QD lasers in the 1.6
μm-wavelength region. This result suggests a high cost-effectiveness and
paved the way toward a large-scale production technology for
high-performing C/L/U-band QD lasers.
Surface sampling of wetlands in a tropical dry forest after a large fire: Wind direction dominates the transport and deposition of fire proxies
Authors: Kumar Nithin , Bala Prabhakaran Ramya , Behera Diptimayee , Anoop Ambili , Sukumar Raman
Published: July 2023

A major fire raged through the dry tropical forests of Bandipur Tiger
Reserve, a ‘biodiversity hotspot’ in southern India, in February 2019.
The fire occurred in patches, burning >10,000 acres of
forest, becoming one of the largest forest fires in India in recent
times. Very few studies have been able to capture the dynamics of fire
proxies from an active surface fire, especially in the dry tropics. We
opportunistically sampled two wetlands roughly sandwiched between the
largest and the second-largest burnt patches a week after the fire was
extinguished. We collected surface samples from each wetland and looked
at popular fire proxies – macrocharcoal, microcharcoal,
microcharcoal/pollen (C/P) ratio and the abundance and distribution of
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). Macrocharcoal counts were low
(mean ~5), while the C/P ratio was ~1.
Low Molecular Weight (LMW) PAH molecules Phenanthrene, Anthracene,
Fluoranthene and Pyrene were found in both sites, while High Molecular
Weight (HMW) PAHs were only found in one. None of the proxies is
particularly indicative of the large surface fire that occurred
~15 km away. Analysis of wind speed and direction from
weather station data and forward and backward HYSPLIT model trajectories
tell us that both wetlands were not downstream of the smoke plume. There
was also no recorded precipitation between the fire event and the
sampling date. Through this opportunistic study of fire proxies, we show
that wind direction and wet scavenging are essential factors determining
the transport and deposition of fire proxies in this environment. Hence
reconstruction of fire histories should be done using multi-site data
since the absence of fire proxies does not equate to the absence of
fire.
Analysis of the initial education of chemistry teachers and their attitudes towards teaching in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Horvat Sasa , Popovic Vera , Rodic Dusica , Roncevic Tamara
Published: July 2023

This research was aimed to analyse the current state in primary and secondary schools in the Republic of Serbia, regarding chemistry teachers? initial education and self-perceived competencies. As an instrument, a questionnaire of 20 questions was used, which was prepared in the form of a Google questionnaire. The questions were divided into five groups to examine data on the structure of chemistry teachers (gender, age, place and school where they teach), the level of education obtained and the method of acquisition and acquired competencies, and finally the personal opinion of chemistry teachers about the teaching profession, advantages, disadvantages and possible recommendations to his/her students in terms of choosing this profession as a possible career. The questionnaire was sent to 1537 schools and 497 chemistry teachers took part in the questionnaire. The results showed that chemistry teachers are predominantly women, mostly aged 36?55, full-time employed and with an average working experience of over 11 years. Most teachers have appropriate education and acquired competencies. They cite working with children as the biggest advantage of the teaching profession while as the biggest disadvantage, they report a constant increase in the amount of administration from year to year.
High cell density cultivation of Bacillus subtilis NCIM 2063: Modeling, optimization and a scale-up procedure
Authors: Stamenkovic-Stojanovic Sandra , Karabegovic Ivana , Danilovic Bojana , Mancic Stojan , Lazic Miodrag
Published: July 2023

Bacillus subtilis is a non-pathogenic, sporulating, Gram-positive bacteria with pronounced antimicrobial and metabolic activity and great potential for wide application in various fields. The aim of this paper was to determine the optimum B. subtilis NCIM 2063 growth conditions and to scale up biomass production from shake flasks to a bioreactor level. The critical growth parameters and their interaction effects were studied using Box?Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology. Developed model equations were statistically significant with good prediction capability. It was found that during shake flask cultivation glucose should be added in concentration up to 5 g L-1 in DSM medium, OTR at 10 mol m-3 h-1 and temperature of 33?C, to achieve the maximum number of viable cells and spores. To scale up the process from shake flasks to the bioreactor level kLa was used as a main criterion. Scale up effect was evaluated by comparing the growth kinetics in the shake flasks and in a laboratory bioreactor. The total number of cells obtained in the bioreactor was 4.57x109 CFU mL-1 which is 1.41 times higher than the number of cells in the shake flasks (3.24x109 CFU mL-1), proving that the scale-up procedure was conducted successfully.
Lysine 117 Residue Is Essential for the Function of the Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1α
Authors: Chu Yuan , Zhao Long , Liu Xian , Chen Hui , Zhao Chen , Chen Sicong , Xiang Shensi , Lu Jun , Wang Xiaofang , Wan Yue , Dong Diandian , Yao Songhui , Li Changyan , Yin Ronghua , Ren Guangming , Yang Xiaoming , Yu Miao
Published: July 2023

Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α (HNF1α) plays essential roles in controlling development and metabolism; its mutations are clearly linked to the occurrence of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY3) in humans. Lysine 117 (K117) to glutamic acid (E117) mutation in the HNF1α gene has been clinically associated with MODY3, but no functional data on this variant are available. Here, we addressed the role of lysine 117 in HNF1α function using a knock-in animal model and site-directed mutagenesis. HNF1α K117E homozygous mice exhibited dwarfism, hepatic dysfunction, renal Fanconi syndrome, and progressive wasting syndrome. These phenotypes were very similar to those of mice with complete HNF1α deficiency, suggesting that K117 is critical to HNF1α functions. K117E homozygotes developed diabetes in the early postnatal period. The relative deficiency of serum insulin levels and the normal response to insulin treatment in homozygous mice were markedly similar to those in the MODY3 disorder in humans. Moreover, K117E heterozygous mutant causes age-dependent glucose intolerance, which is similar to the pathogenesis of MODY3 as well. K117 mutants significantly reduced the overall transactivation and DNA binding capacity of HNF1α by disrupting dimerization. Collectively, our findings reveal a previously unappreciated role of POU domain of HNF1α in homodimerization and provide important clues for identifying the molecular basis of HNF1α-related diseases such as MODY3.

Article Highlights

HNF1α K117E homozygous mice exhibited dwarfism, hepatic dysfunction, renal Fanconi syndrome, and progressive wasting syndrome. K117E homozygotes developed diabetes in the early postnatal period. K117E heterozygous mutant causes age-dependent glucose intolerance, which is similar to the pathogenesis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young. K117 mutants significantly reduced the overall transactivation and DNA binding capacity of HNF1α by disrupting dimerization.