bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE CONTRIBUTION OF SHEN XINGONG AND LI SHUTONG TO THE FORMATION OF CHORAL ART IN CHINA: FROM "SCHOOL SONGS" TO "SPRING WALK"
Authors:   Russian State Specialized Academy of Arts, Moscow, 121165, Russian Federation, Kaihua Xu
Published: September 2023

The article traces the early development of Chinese choral art: from the singing courses introduced into the secondary school curriculum and the "school song" (Xue tang yuey ge), which acted both as an academic discipline and a popular vocal genre, to the appearance of the first three-voice choir "Spring Walk" by the composer and teacher Li Shutong. It is noted that the school song genre originated as an independent phenomenon in Japan, where works written in the hogaku style were highly revered, and the reforms of the Meiji period (1898–1912) played an important role in the development of choral art. Many Chinese students continued their studies in Japan, where, during the reforms, Western military and school music was borrowed, and choral singing began to be cultivated as a result of the perception of Christian culture. The purpose of this article is to present the works of Chinese educators, Shen Xingong and Li Shutong, whose activities were aimed at establishing the choral art in China. It describes the first school songs composed by Shen Xingong and Li Shutong to music borrowed from folklore, Christian hymns or famous Western European works, and the first three-voice composition by Li Shutong, which paved the way to Chinese choral polyphony.
FORMATION OF MUSICAL THINKING IN THE INTERPRETATION ACTIVITIES OF THE PERFORMER
Authors:   Russian State Specialized Academy of Arts, Moscow, 121165, Russian Federation, Varlamova Tatiana P.
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the processes of musical thinking in the context of the performer’s interpretative activity. It is the performer’s interpretation that is the intermediary between the author’s recording and the listener. Each interpretation is based on an idea with its semantic, intellectual and emotional nuances. Since the performer’s values, views, motor associations can change throughout the creative work, some levels of interpretation remain unchanged, for example, the parameters of the composer’s competence zone. The types of musical thinking and operational mechanisms that determine the performer’s interpretative activity are responsible for the diversity. The article analyzes the relationship between emotional-figurative and intellectual components of musical thinking. It is emphasized that the art of interpretation is the consequence of the performer’s creative activity. The sign of the development of creative thinking is the ability to carry out the plan of future interpretation at all stages of learning. In creating one’s own interpretation of the content of a musical work, a significant part is determined by the performer’s imagination, perception and personal attitude to the artistic text. In working on the character of a piece, often not clearly defined by the author’s intention, appropriate performance tasks are drawn up, which determine the choice of artistic colors and playing techniques. The process of creating a performer’s interpretation and the desire to reveal the musical image of the work as fully as possible involves a comprehensive study of the composer’s work, identifying traditions and such stages in the process of reading the author’s text as analysis, differentiation and synthesis.
DANCE IN THE OPERAS OF M. M. IPPOLITOV-IVANOV: THE TEXT AND ITS INTERPRETATION
Authors:   State Music and Pedagogical Institute named after M. M. Ippolitov-Ivanov, Moscow, 109147, Russian Federation, Romashchuk Inna M.
Published: September 2023

The phenomenon of the "lifeworld" (E. Husserl) in its national branches and cultural realities is revealed in the operas of M. M. Ippolitov-Ivanov largely due to the extended mass scenes. A special place here is occupied by dance episodes and scenes in which characteristic elements of different folk traditions, both those previously experienced in Russian music (oriental, Spanish themes) and those introduced by Ippolitov-Ivanov in accordance with the conditions of plot realities (Norwegian theme), are presented in a sharp and expressive way. It has always been important for the composer to emphasize in operas the authentic, the present, which has a timeless value, focusing on the forms of musical folklore. Folk dances, which are represented in many mass scenes of the composer's operas, provided him such an opportunity, as did extended ballet scenes (for example, in the opera "The Last Barricade"). With an obvious aspiration to the ballet genre, the score of "Nestan Darejan" based on Shota Rustaveli's poem "The Knight in the Tiger Skin" was created: the composer called this composition a ballet, then an opera-ballet. The archive of Ippolitov-Ivanov holds the libretto of the ballet "The Scythians", which could probably have interested the composer because of his special attitude to the ballet genre. There are dance scenes in all of the composer's operas, including "Ruth", based on a Biblical plot. There are also dance scenes in the libretti of operas he conceived, but did not realize ("Chrysanthemum", "Miriam", "The Dressmaker"). Dance scenes emphasize the national flavor, create the realities of everyday scenes ("Azra", "Treason"), enhance the contrast between the external and deeply psychological internal action ("Ole from Nordland"), characterize the characters and determine the main figurative and semantic "tonality" of the work ("Asya"). Thanks to the dance, "windows" are opened into another world of culture and folklore traditions, an interest in which the composer has preserved throughout his life.
THE PIANO WORK OF R. KHASANOV IN THE CONTEXT OF THE STYLISTIC TRENDS IN MUSICAL ART OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE XXTH CENTURY
Authors:   Ufa State Institute of Arts named after Zagir Ismagilov, 450007, Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Garipova Ninel F.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to a significant date — the 75th anniversary of the birth of the famous Bashkir composer Rim Khasanov, whose piano work has long remained outside the scope of musicological analysis. The composer's work in the field of piano music coincided with the time of changes in the country's musical art, reflected in a new attitude to folklore. During these years, the composer's thinking was shifting towards mastering deeper layers of folklore sources, which was facilitated by the formation of a new view of the surrounding world, leading to a special approach to the selection of means capable of adequately reflecting modern problems of being. In addition, the XXth century opened up the aesthetics of jazz to the music of Europe and Asia, as well as the inclusion of folklore material into the context of European and jazz traditions. The process of penetrating innovative compositional means in the works of Bashkir composers took place with due regard for national specifics. For the piano art of Bashkiria of the second half of the XXth century, the interest in jazz stylistics was quite natural. This interest was most clearly manifested in R. Khasanov's "Concertino for Piano and Orchestra", which for the first time synthesized Bashkir intonation vocabulary and classical foundations of form construction with specific features of jazz aesthetics. At the same time, the works of the 1970s – 80s expressed a desire to bring the musical language closer to the intonations of the human voice. This trend was reflected in the piano cycle "Temperaments" by R. Khasanov. The works created by the composer in the second half of the last century reflected the stylistic tendencies of the era and were at the forefront of the development of Bashkir piano art of those years.
FEATURES OF MEANING MAKING IN THE RUSSIAN FOLK DANCE
Authors:   Children's School of Art named after V. V. Znamensky, 625000, Russian Federation, Tyumen, Fomchenko Elena V.
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes the semantic nature of dance. The purpose of this study is to identify the symbolic and semantic nature of the Russian folk dance and to trace the process of the formation of the dance language by analyzing its main compositional forms and movements. The most frequently occurring and manifesting phenomena — animate and inanimate nature, activities and events in the life of the people — were symbolized in the dance. The author relies on the works of such scientists as Yu. M. Lotman, E. Ya. Basin and others. Lotman's structuralsemiotic concept of cultural being allows to consider the Russian folk dance as an artistic text. As a result of the study the interrelation of the dance constituent elements as a sign system was revealed, and the need to preserve the dance semantic load was substantiated in order to keep the traditions of the Russian folk dance. The text of a choreographic work is defined as containing a certain meaning and conveying the traditions of the Russian people, their character, temperament, worldview, lifestyle and social system. The meanings of the Russian folk dance are expressed in dance images, compositional forms and movements, which form a special type of artistic language — the language of dance.
RUSSIAN SIBERIAN FOLKLORE STUDIES DURING THE REVOLUTION AND THE CIVIL WAR
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, 630087, Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Ursegova Natalia A.
Published: September 2023

The historiographical article is devoted to a little-studied stage in the history of the Russian Siberian folklore — the period of the Revolution and the Civil War (1917–1922). It is poorly covered in the scientific literature, and there are no monographic studies specifically devoted to this topic. The history of the Russian Siberian folklore studies is considered in the context of the regional history of the development of related humanities (history, ethnography, ethnomusicology, local lore, dialectology, etc.), taking into account the sociocultural context of the epoch. Based on the interpretation of qualitative and quantitative (statistical) data from bibliometric analysis of publications, the process of the development of folklore studies in Siberia is examined, the contribution of particular scholars, as well as scientific, educational and other institutions, public and private initiatives, which predetermined the specifics of the scientific thought in the region in 1917–1922, is evaluated. Continuing the traditions of the pre-revolutionary Siberian ethnography and folklore studies, Siberian scientists found opportunities for conducting expedition, scientific and teaching work, forming new professional staff for organizing the folklore work in the region. The focus on coordinating the efforts of scholars in the field of Siberian studies and the creation of scientific communication networks contributed to the formation of a model of interdisciplinary research in Siberian and wider — Russian science. The transition to this stage of scientific research organization has become one of the prerequisites for the scientific planning of folklore research, developed already in the Soviet period.
DEVELOPMENT OF AUDITORY PERCEPTION OF MUSICIANSINSTRUMENTALISTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS
Authors:   Russian State Specialized Academy of Arts, Moscow, 121165, Russian Federation, Varlamova Tatiana P.
Published: September 2023

The article focuses on the auditory perception of students with profound visual impairments. The category of "perception" is considered in psychology as a process of reflection in the consciousness of an integral sensual image of an object or phenomenon. In the musical-aural perception of musicians with visual impairments, the subjective image of an object, phenomenon or process directly affects the auditory analyzer, and in a latent form the system of motor and tactile analyzers. Musical sound is understood as a pitch or noise sound, carrying the function of a means of a specific semantic expression. The auditory sensations appear due to the effects of periodic oscillations of sound waves on the auditory receptor. The shape of a sound wave's oscillations is reflected in a specific quality — the timbre of sound. When playing a musical instrument, the performer extracts a sound with a certain pitch, dynamics, timbre and duration. The article emphasizes that the development of musical ear of visually impaired musicians, as the ability to perceive and represent musical images, are inextricably linked to the images of memory. It is important that perceptual skills at the level of sensations and auditory perception are formed and developed under the influence of living conditions, training and the requirements of musical and practical activity.
INNOVATIVE WAYS OF RUSSIAN MUSICOLOGICAL PEDAGOGY IN THE XXTH – EARLY XXIST CENTURIES
Authors:   Moscow State Tchaikovsky Conservatory, 125009, Russian Federation, Moscow, Dolinskaya Elena B.
Published: September 2023

This article focuses on the evolution of Russian music history teaching in higher educational institutions of the XXth century. It defines the limits of the influence of general social factors of history on the concept of textbooks and the selectivity of programs. Examples of national pedagogical historiography are given. The main typological characteristics of the textbooks in the system children’s music school — college — higher educational institution are revealed. The article emphasizes the typology of their structure in monographic form of presentation and points out some peculiarities of such presentation in the three stages of education in the first half of the XXth century. The role of material review in university textbooks of the last third of XXth – early XXIst centuries is briefly characterized. They note a significant expansion of issues and personalities both in style reviews and in the description of the genre system, which allows a deeper understanding of the individual contribution of the leading masters of the era. It is recommended that the pedagogical literature relies both on recent literature and the reliability of archival sources, epistolary, diaries. The article aims to broaden the research interest of educational historians in writing new textbooks that expand the idea of defining their musical atmosphere in stages of past eras and in contemporary practice.
OUTSTANDING REPRESENTATIVES OF THE CHINESE SCHOOL OF CHORAL PERFORMANCE
Authors:   Russian State Specialized Academy of Arts, Moscow, 121165, Russian Federation, Kaihua Xu
Published: September 2023

This article is about improving the quality of choral conducting education in China and, in this regard, the authority of the conductor's profession. Choral conductors are working to update the methodological literature, which should help to improve the Chinese system of choral conducting education. A great contribution to the development of choral conducting specialty was made by such masters as Zhou Shuang, the first professional vocal teacher in the modern history of China and the first female choirmaster and composer in China, as well as conductors Yang Jiaren, Ma Geshun, Wu Lingfen, who got their choral conducting education at the Moscow Conservatory. Zhang Shizhong made a considerable contribution to the development of choral art in China. He actively worked in the field of children's choral education, which has not been cultivated in China for a long time. Zhang Shizhong tirelessly promoted the art of choral singing in Beijing secondary schools. His monograph “Methods of Working with a Children’s Choir” was the culmination of this work. Equally active in choral conducting are young specialists such as Leon Chu and Patrick Chiu, who not only lead choirs in Hong Kong, but also organize various choral festivals and competitions.
THE PROFESSION OF MUSIC THERAPIST IN FRANCE: TRAINING AND AREAS OF APPLICATION
Authors:   Taganrog Institute named after A. P. Chekhov (branch) of the Rostov State University of Economics (RSUE), 347936, Russian Federation, Taganrog, Buryakova Lyubov A.
Published: September 2023

The article considers the training of music therapists in French educational institutions as a dynamic process, initially based exclusively on the medical profession, which is changing in accordance with research findings. The positive results of the use of music therapy have subsequently led to the need to make it not just an applied function, but a full-fledged profession recognized in medical circles. The presented analysis of the organisation of music therapy training in French educational structure, as well as the fields of application of this profession, arouses the interest of domestic teachers and researchers, since the discussed problems have not previously been the subject of a separate study in the domestic literature. At the same time, the peculiarities of formation and significant achievements in the field under study, marked by progressive innovations, make reasonable an attempt to comprehend the positive experience of France in terms of understanding the essence of the process of music treatment and organization of the music therapy profession. The article draws conclusions about the change of reference points in the training of music therapists and the peculiarities of the modern system of therapeutic influence by means of music, which can help to understand some aspects of the French experience in relation to the Russian system of music therapy training and practice. The reliability of the research results is guaranteed by referring to French sources in the original language.
SYNODAL SCHOOL: FORMING A MODEL OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN THE RUSSIAN CHORAL CULTURE OF THE XIXTH – EARLY XXTH CENTURIES
Authors:   Academy of Choral Art named after V. S. Popov, 125565, Russian Federation, Moscow, Gavdush Aleksey I.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the development of professional choral conducting education in Russia, which in the XXth century rose to the same level as higher professional education in conservatories. It was aimed at educating regents — artists of a new type, capable to give a new impetus to the development of the distinctive domestic forms of singing culture, based on the original Old Russian singing tradition. The evolution of this process in the activities of the Synodal Choir and School proceeded from a special attitude to the art of church choral singing a cappella. The idea of developing a national style of church music, its carriers and performers through a series of reforms of one of the oldest choirs in Russia led to the creation of a unique, most modern model for the education of choral conductors in Russian choral culture at that time. The changes in the Synodal School followed the logic of a gradual comprehension of the uniqueness of the whole affair, which required both organizational changes and the introduction of new curricula.
RESEARCH OF PEDAGOGICAL STRATEGIES AND PRACTICES OF CREATING BLENDED "GOLDEN LESSONS" IN THE BACKGROUND OF CONSTRUCTING A "DOUBLE FIRST-CLASS"
Authors:   Russian Teaching and Research Section, Heihe University, Wei Zhou ,   Xue Yuan Lu, Aihui District, Heihe, Heilongjiang, 164300, People's Republic of China, Jun Guo ,   Russian Teaching and Research Section, Heihe University
Published: September 2023

This article is devoted to the study of the concept of "blended learning" and identifying the features of using pedagogical strategies for blended learning in the lessons of Russian as a foreign language. The relevance of the research is determined by the increasing attention of Chinese students to the study of the Russian language, the shift in the Russian state's interest towards cooperation with Eastern countries, as well as the lack of a common approach to the process of teaching the Russian language to Chinese students. The purpose of the article is to explore the pedagogical strategies and practices of creating blended "golden lessons" against the backdrop of building a "double first-class". To this aim, the article sets out the following tasks: • to study the pedagogical strategies used by Russian language teachers in blended learning; • to analyze the factors influencing the effectiveness of blended learning; • to develop recommendations for improving the process of teaching the Russian language to foreign students. The analysis of the factors influencing the effectiveness of blended learning has shown that pedagogical strategies are based on the teacher's flexible approach to the educational process, ensuring a diverse work of students, creating conditions for their development in terms of independent work with the material in full-time and distance learning of Russian as a foreign language. The recommendations developed in the article will help to increase the effectiveness of teaching Russian to foreign students.
FROM OPERAS AND CONCERTS TO "PROVERBS" AND "FRAGMENTS": RODION SHCHEDRIN'S GENRE EXPERIMENTS IN THE XXIST CENTURY
Authors:   Kemerovo State Institute of Culture, 650056, Russian Federation, Kemerovo, Sinelnikova Olga V.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to Rodion Shchedrin's genre experiments in the last two decades. During this time, the composer has created a large number of works covering many typical genres, mixed compositions and new, original musical genres. Among them are operas (4), concerts (5), a concert symphony, piano cycles (4), a vocal cycle, a sonatina, variations, numerous program orchestral and chamber-instrumental compositions, choral miniatures and cycles. At the same time, none of these areas of creativity looks traditional in the catalog of Shchedrin's opuses of recent decades. The article examines the author's versions of the concert genre, interesting varieties of opera genres from the composer's viewpoint, unusual interpretation of the vocal cycle genre and mass, musical interpretation of the Russian folk proverbs, as well as genre modulations; it emphasizes original varieties of symphonic program music, such as a symphonic or dramatic fragment, symphonic etudes, symphonic fresco. In exploring Shchedrin's innovations in the genre sphere, the author analyzes genres or genre varieties that were created by him and have not previously appeared in the works of composers. These are the genres of musical hagiography (choral opera "Boyarynya Morozova"), musical reading ("Adventures of a Monkey"), musical proverb (choral cycle "Proverbs"). As a result of the study, it is concluded that Shchedrin's mobile genre system can only be considered in terms of the mobile interaction of intersecting genre signs.
MYTH AS THE BASIS OF MUSICAL MEANING-MODELLING IN THE WORKS OF A. BAKSHI
Authors:   Kuban Medical Institute, 350015, Russian Federation, Krasnodar, Putecheva Olga A.
Published: September 2023

The modern cultural situation is characterized by the increasing role of mythology and mythmaking. The relevance of the study of myth and the mechanisms of mythologization is associated with its special role in music and theater, with the desire to know the deep, essential connections and relationships, the common in the special. The purpose of the work is to comprehend the mechanism of creative approach to the myth. In the XXth – early XXIst centuries, artistic creativity is not only inspired by images, myth plots, but creates its own myth based on archetypes in the system of mythological modelling. The interaction of music and myth at the point of the ritual opens up new possibilities of meaning and expression. The use of myth in its cognitive aspect gives music a stable structure, fixing semantic points in the form of a plot, a story. Myth acquires the energy of a living voice in sonic mysteries. In the work of the composer A. Bakshi, the musical formulas that contribute to the expression of mythological content are actualized. The article identifies three approaches to the use of mythopoetic structures: myth as a plot basis of musical image, work with sound equivalents of archetypal components of myth, and creation of mythologizing sound structures. In the first case, myth serves as the narrative source of one of the sections of the mystery "Polyphony of the World", 2001. Mythological thinking becomes a way and method of working with musical matter (performance "Hotel Room in the City of NN", 1994); finally, myth is created by sound expression ("Sidur-Mystery", 1992). Aesthetically, myth is interpreted as an artistic and semantic matrix, leading to the comprehension of the sonic material.
PREPARING A MUSICIAN FOR A CONCERT PERFORMANCE: THE SPECIFICS OF PERFORMING ON THE GUITAR
Authors:   Russian State University named after A. N. Kosygin (Technologies. Design. Art) Institute ", Finkelshtein Evgeni Yu. ,   Maimonides Academy",   , 115035, Russian Federation, Moscow, Sushkova-Irina Yankelika I. ,   Russian State University named after A. N. Kosygin (Technologies. Design. Art) Institute "Maimonides Academy", 115035, Russian Federation, Moscow, Andriukhin Sergey A. ,   Ulyanovsk State University, 432017, Russian Federation, Ulyanovsk
Published: September 2023

The problem of a musician's performing practice is considered from the viewpoint of the specifics of guitar performance (six-string, seven-string). It is proved that the instrument played by a musician is an important factor influencing all his creative activity. It is impossible to overestimate its importance, since the posture of the player, movements he makes while performing and the repertoire he masters, have an impact on his physical and mental health and lifestyle. The introduction discusses the need for public appearances for the formation and growth of a creative personality. The main part sets out the basic provisions of the specifics of a musician's activity, which implements a huge complex of general and special abilities. The question of performing practice is raised in the context of interpreting the problem of "corporeality". The properties of the guitar sound and the process of its formation are considered. Except the aspects that are relevant to all musicians, the article focuses on typical aspects of preparing for a guitar recital: the choice of the fingering, rehearsals without an instrument, the problem of professional diseases. In the conclusion the synthetic nature of the preparation for a public performance is emphasized, combining the psychological, physical and creative efforts of a musician.
VIOLA MINIATURE BY REBECCA CLARKE
Authors:   Russian State Specialized Academy of Arts, Moscow, 121165, Russian Federation, Xintong Wang
Published: September 2023

The work of English composers of the first half of the XXth century, who actively composed for viola, is little known to music lovers. The now popular English composers L. Tertis and W. Wilton were most prominent in large-form works for viola (primarily in the genres of sonata and concerto with orchestra). One of the pioneers of chamber music for this instrument is the talented, but now almost unknown composer and violist Rebecca Clarke, who established the viola miniature as a distinctive and striking artistic phenomenon. The relevance of the study lies in the urgent need to introduce into musicology the information about the creative heritage of composers who created those works for viola that reveal the multifaceted artistic possibilities of this instrument. The purpose of the article is to illuminate the creative heritage of R. Clarke in the genres of miniature for viola and piano. Objectives of the article — to present the main biographical information about the composer; to show the importance of the viola in the development of the composer's style; to comprehensively analyze R. Clarke's miniatures for viola and piano. The author attempts to explore the composer's language, which is based on romantic traditions and heavily influenced by C. Debussy. The article focuses on R. Clarke's significant contribution to affirming the performance potential of viola in the chamber repertoire. The materials of the article can be used both by teachers of viola class and chamber ensemble as educational and didactic material, and by concert musicians to enrich their own performing repertoire.
THE PHENOMENON OF TRADITION IN RUSSIAN AVANT-GARDE MUSIC OF THE 1960S–1980S
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Russian Federation, Moscow, Meili Ke
Published: September 2023

The article reveals the phenomenon of tradition as a leading principle in the music of Russian avant-garde composers of the second half of the XXth century. The author explores this problem based on the works of R. Shchedrin, S. Slonimsky, E. Denisov and S. Gubaidulina, created in the 1970s–80s. The choice of these authors is determined by the cardinal differences in the style of their work — from the radical avant-garde of E. Denisov to the relatively moderate style of R. Shchedrin. As criteria for defining the phenomenon of tradition in the compositions of these musicians, the author highlights the use of national folklore elements; the adherence to the creative heritage of Russian composers; the return to the forms and genres of the preclassic era in line with neoclassicism. The term "traditional music" has a corresponding connotation in the article. Within the first criterion, the author discovers the phenomenon of tradition in the works of composers of the New Folklore Wave. According to the second criterion, the continuity of these composers' work with that of the national musical classics is noted. In the context of neoclassicism, the author considers the creation of polyphonic musical works, the return to the genres of preclassical music and the use of polystylistic means. Based on the noted observations, it is concluded that in the work of R. Shchedrin, S. Slonimsky, E. Denisov, S. Gubaidulina the phenomenon of tradition is found as a form of intertextuality manifestation.
ART NOUVEAU ARCHITECTURE IN THE MODERN URBAN IMAGE OF CHUVASHIA
Authors:   Chuvash State University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 428000, Russian Federation, Chuvashia, Cheboksary, Andreeva Olga P. , Mikhailova Evelina V. ,   Chuvash State University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 428000, Russian Federation, Chuvashia, Cheboksary, Akhmetova Svetlana P. ,   Chuvash State University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 428000, Russian Federation, Chuvashia, Cheboksary
Published: September 2023

Art Nouveau architecture attracts the interest of contemporary researchers with its formative natural elements, plastic ornament, decorative lines, and unique options complementing and organically fitting into the modern urban environment. The few buildings in medium and small towns with Art Nouveau features and links to the local architectural traditions, with their unique decorative elements, deserve special attention. This interest is primarily due to the aesthetic perception of architectural space, the study and preservation of modern monuments. Today, many buildings have lost their Art Nouveau decorative elements, and their original appearance has been changed as a result of alterations. The reason for such transformations were historical events that significantly influenced the architectural image of the towns. The analysis of Art Nouveau architecture in the towns of the Chuvash Republic, such as Cheboksary, Alatyr, and Yadrin, reveals the distinctive features of compositional solutions and decorative finishing of buildings, as well as changes in their image. The study relies on the architecture of the mansions of the merchants Yefremov in Cheboksary, the houses of the timber dealer Burashnikov and the merchant Talantsev in Yadrin, and the consumer culture buildings in Alatyr. Based on the study of Art Nouveau architecture, the authors try to show the irreversible changes made to the original appearance of the buildings by some reconstructions, and identify the problem of preserving the architectural heritage of the Art Nouveau style in the cities of the Chuvash Republic.
PLANTS IN TRADITIONAL MAGICAL PRACTICES OF THE TVER FOLK CALENDAR (WINTER RITES)
Authors:   Branch of the Russian State University named after A. N. Kosygin (Technologies. Design. Art), 170100, Russian Federation, Tver, Sitnikova Svetlana A.
Published: September 2023

The article is carried out in line with the author's long–term research of Tver traditional culture and is a continuation of publications devoted to one of the most important elements of traditional calendar rites — the cult of plants [23]. The article describes a group of cultivated plants that are used in Tver calendar-agrarian ritual system. From the vast flora of Tver calendar ritual and mythological field, evidence of cultivated plants — hops and peas — were selected and systematized for the article. Folklore and ethnographic materials on each plant are grouped according to their incantation and prophetic ritual-magical functions in Tver winter rite practices, which determined the structure of the article. The expedition materials, which form the basis of this work, together with the identified printed evidence, replenish and enrich the picture of phytolatry in Tver calendar ritual tradition, allowing to see Tver ritual plant veneration as a rich tradition, preserving archaic ideological meanings. In accordance with the requirements of modern folklore studies, the materials obtained in expedition research through conversations with locals in the areas under study are presented with the highest possible preservation of the local dialect and dialect vocabulary. In addition, each testimony is accompanied by an exact indication of the informant's surname, first name, patronymic, place and year of birth, as well as the time and place of the recording of the conversation.
VOCAL ELEMENTS AS A FORM OF PRODUCTIVE ACTIVITY FOR CORRECTION OF SPEECH PROSODICS SPEECH THERAPY
Authors:   Gnesin Russian Academy of Music, Moscow, 121069, Russian Federation, Gainanova Aida A. ,   Russian State Specialized Academy of Arts, Moscow, 121165, Russian Federation, Yudichev Sergey V. ,   Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, 119571, Russian Federation; School no. 2001, Moscow, 117546, Russian Federation
Published: September 2023

In this study, the authors consider the concepts of "prosody", "prosodics" and "prosodic side of speech" in the context of their synonymous use in speech therapy and taking into account the integration of voice components and speech breathing in terms of their practical application. The prosodic components schematically described by the authors serve to implement the communicative function of speech, since it is through them that the speaker conveys a variety of information and his or her emotional state. Disorders of the prosodic components of speech, namely its melody, speech tempo, speech rhythm, pausing, logical stress and diction, speech breathing, timbre, strength and loudness of the voice, its pitch, flight and modulation most negatively affect the development of human communicative activity and, first of all, interpersonal communication. In this study, the authors consider in detail the experience of using vocal elements as a form of productive activity for corrective action in the restoration and development of impaired prosodic components due to certain logopathologies (speech disorders), including those of persons with disabilities. It seems to the authors that the use of vocal elements by speech therapists is most productive only if they master the initial foundations of professional vocal and pedagogical skills, which primarily include "objective feedback" and "vocal ear".
MODERN METHODS AND APPROACHES IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING SINGING TO THE DISABLED AND PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
Authors:   Moscow State Tchaikovsky Conservatory, Moscow, 125009, Russian Federation, Golovataya Galina F.
Published: September 2023

The article discusses some issues of teaching singing to people with disabilities in professional vocal education based on the practical experience of the leading teachers of the Opera Singing Department at the Russian State Specialized Academy of Arts, adapted not through reducing of requirements, but through competent distribution of workload and educational material. The specificity of the contingent in most cases does not make it possible to unify methodological techniques and approaches in mastering singing skills. The educational process consists not only in the formation of the necessary competencies, but also in the preservation of health. Focusing on the issues of art therapy and socialization of persons with disabilities through their vocational guidance, the article emphasizes the role of inclusive opera theater, where the most important task is to rehabilitate persons with disabilities not just through participation in the staging process in something similar to amateur performances, but primarily through the professionalization of students. The creative space of an inclusive opera house brings together different phenomena: art, vocational education and rehabilitation. This is seen as the key to the success of people with disabilities mastering the profession of an opera artist.
S. V. RACHMANINOFF AND M. L. PRESMAN: TO THE HISTORY OF FRIENDSHIP BETWEEN THE TWO MUSICIANS
Authors:   State Music and Pedagogical Institute named after M. M. Ippolitov-Ivanov, Moscow, 109147, Russian Federation, Romashchuk Inna M.
Published: September 2023

The article reveals the history of friendship between Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninoff and his classmate in the class of N. S. Zverev, Matvey Leontievich Presman (1870–1941), pianist, teacher, prominent musical and public figure. In their youth, they studied together and lived in the musical boarding school of Nikolai Sergeyevich Zverev (1832–1893). Presman's memory has preserved to the smallest details the impressions of his youth and much of what directly concerns Rachmaninoff's professional maturation, his formation as a personality, composer and pianist. He described this period in his detailed memoirs called "A Corner of Musical Moscow of the Eighties". Presman completed his Memoirs on October 3, 1938, at the time of the "autumn" of his life, two years before his seventieth birthday. Having crossed this milestone, he passed away. His name emerges in a half-erased form from the depths of history and remains little known to the general public. Information about him is fragmentary. Materials and documents related to his creative biography are scattered throughout different cities where he happened to work: Rostov-on-Don, Tbilisi, Saratov, Baku, Moscow. However, in a number of archival sources, in publications concerning Rachmaninoff, we find evidence that the trusting, friendly relations between childhood friends persisted even after each went his own way. Presman participated in the performance of Rachmaninoff's music, organized concerts of his compositions, initiated the production of the opera "Aleko" in Rostov, having received the score (parts) directly from Rachmaninoff. The latter, in his turn, took an ardent part in the fate of Presman, especially during a difficult period of his life. Their destinies miraculously converged at the beginning of the second decade of the XXth century.
THE IMPORTANCE OF UNCERTAINTY DETERMINATION DURING TECHNOLOGICAL TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Nabi Iskandarov, Elmin Baghishov Nabi Iskandarov, Elmin Baghishov , Elchin Isgandarzada Elchin Isgandarzada
Published: September 2023

As we know, one of the trends in the development of metrological control activities of enterprises and organizations is the calibration of measuring instruments through the assessment of measurement uncertainty. This process is an important factor to increase the accuracy of measurements, ensuring product quality, minimize the amount of waste products and increase the competitiveness of the organization. Such a parameter can be, for example, the standard deviation (mean squared error of the measurement results) or a number that is exactly divisible by it, or the width of the confidence interval. Measurement uncertainty combines several components. Some of these components can be estimated based on the statistical distribution of the results of a series of observations and characterized by their standard deviations. Considering that more than 50% of the measurements performed during technological processes are covered by temperature measurements, then we can say that the errors occurring during temperature measurements directly affect the quality of the product significantly. In the conducted research, the uncertainty in the temperature measurements performed during the technological processes was determined and the importance of determining this uncertainty was analyzed.
Keywords: Metrological assurance, temperature measurements, technological process, statistical distribution, thermodynamics, uncertainty, metrology, accuracy, error, calibration.
REMOTE MEASUREMENTS OF WATER SURFACE POLLUTION BY THE METHOD OF LASER LOCATION
Authors: Gunel Aliyeva, Fakhraddin Agayev Gunel Aliyeva, Fakhraddin Agayev
Published: September 2023

As it was shown in the nature investigations,the most area of water in the Azerbaijan shore of Caspian Sea is covered by oil film, the square of which depends on direction of wind.
The research of pollution's of environment by the mean of optical apparatus of remote sounding, mounted on the board of flying apparatus or space satellites is one of intensely developing directions.
The theory of measuring of oil film's thickens by the help of laser location in detail described. The principles of straight¬-line spreading of electromagnetic waves, reflecting of electromagnetic energy by objects and constant speed of their propagation are laid in the basic of location.
We have developed lidar for controlling of pollutions of water surface, where helium-neon laser “LGI-102” having power 3mW working in the pulse regime is used as beam radiator. During the experiment the laser was mounted on the plain ground on the distance 1-meter from water surface. The prism was placed in the road of propagation of laser beam and used for direction of radiation under the angle 45 on water surface. Integral photo transducer on the base of local mono-and polycrystalline silicon films with linear output was used in the photo detector device. Photo transducer was made in hybrid form on the base of two crystals: photo sensitive poly-silicon film and unpack operational amplifier 740UD4.
Keywords: Pollution, water surface, oil film, laser location, lidar, photo detector.
USE OF NEW INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE OIL-REFINING INDUSTRY
Authors: Yagub Sardarov, Ilaha Zafarli Yagub Sardarov, Ilaha Zafarli , Mazahim Guliyev Mazahim Guliyev
Published: September 2023

The application of new information technologies in the field of automation of oil refining and petrochemistry has not yet been carried out at the proper level. At modern oil refineries, big data technologies are being introduced. Big Data is one of the key areas of digital production and can serve as a tool for integrating technological installations and equipment that have a wide range of information about the technological process and the main production as a whole. The fourth industrial revolution, which is based on the global "internetization" of technological installations and equipment, is closely related to the use of the Internet of things and cloud storage. The transition to Industry 4.0 in the refinery implies the ability of the refinery to integrate digital and physical technologies to improve operation and increase productivity. But, unfortunately, the oil refining industry has a low activity in the implementation of digital technologies. The emergence of new cyber-physical production systems will radically change the traditional logic of oil production.
The work is devoted to the use of information technologies of the oil refining industry in the field of integrated automation of the refinery as a whole, and individual technological processes, including for the production of polypropylene, by leaching, washing and drying, which is part of the refinery, these issues are almost not considered.
Keywords: big data, industry 4.0, security, information technologies.
PROGRAM FOR DETERMINING THE INFORMATIVE PARAMETERS OF SURFACE ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC SIGNALS
Authors: Akif Khidirov, Elgun Salahli Akif Khidirov, Elgun Salahli
Published: September 2023

The article analyzes and calculates informative parameters of surface electromyographic signals (sEMS), which can be used to control biotechnical systems, as well as to diagnose the state of the musculoskeletal system. The analysis parameters in the time and frequency-time domains of the signal are considered. A program has been developed for calculating the informative indicators of the signal in the indicated areas. The program is implemented in the LabVIEW environment. To analyze the sEMG signal in the time domain, using the developed program, such indicators as Integral EMG, Average amplitude change, Wavelength, Simple quadratic integral, Absolute value of the 3rd time moment, and others were calculated; and to describe the signal spectrum by methods of time-frequency analysis, the average frequency of the spectrum (mean power frequency-MPF), the median frequency of the spectrum (median Frequency-MF), root mean square (RMS), power density spectrum (PDS), half width - the width of the spectrum at half maximum amplitude (HW). To test the program, files of real sEMQ signals were used. The calculated parameters of the sEMG analysis in the time and frequency-time domains make it possible to non-invasively and objectively assess the state of the musculoskeletal system.
Keywords: Surface electromyographic signals, biotechnical systems, time-frequency analysis, Labvıew software.
BENEFITS OF USING A FID TO MEASURE THE MULTICOMPONENT GAS MIXTURES
Authors: Arzu Ibragimova Arzu Ibragimova
Published: September 2023

The development of the oil and gas complex is one of the priority areas of the Azerbaijan economy. Oil and gas are among the most competitive Azerbaijan goods and are in high and stable demand from global consumers. Therefore, increased attention is paid to product quality. One of the methods for quality control of petroleum products is gas chromatography. Today it is a widely used physical and chemical research method.
The capabilities of a gas chromatography are mainly determined by the enormous separating power of the chromatographic columns and the characteristics of the detectors. If the chromatographic column is sometimes called the heart of the chromatograph, then the detector can be called the brain of the chromatograph [1,2]. Effective development of an analysis technique, its successful implementation, troubleshooting of a chromatograph, and metrological certification are impossible without the ability to make the right choice of a detector, operate it competently, and correctly interpret the detector signal.
About 50 detectors have been proposed for gas chromatography, but only a few of them are used in practice. The most used are the flame ionization detector and the thermal conductivity detector.
The article shows the advantage of using a flame ionization detector to measure important physical and chemical properties, such as density, caloric content, the ratio of the number of carbon atoms to the number of hydrogen atoms C/H.
Keywords: Chromatography, gas-mixture, density, hydrocarbon, heat of combustion, calorific value, flame ionization detector, number of carbon atoms, sensitivity, quality.