bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fermatean fuzzy linguistic weighted averaging/geometric operators based on modified operational laws and their application in multiple attribute group decision-making
Authors: Verma Rajkumar
Published: April 2021

Fermatean fuzzy linguistic (FFL) set theory provides an efficient tool for modeling a higher level of uncertain and imprecise information, which cannot be represented using intuitionistic fuzzy linguistic (IFL)/Pythagorean fuzzy linguistic (PFL) sets. On the other hand, the linguistic scale function is the better way to consider the semantics of the linguistic terms during the evaluation process. In the present paper, we first define some new modified operational laws for Fermatean fuzzy linguistic numbers (FFLNs) based on linguistic scale function (LSF) to overcome the shortcomings of the existing operational laws and prove some important mathematical properties of them. Based on it, the work defines several new aggregation operators (AOs), namely, the FFL-weighted averaging (FFLWA) operator, the FFL-weighted geometric (FFLWG) operator, the FFL-ordered weighted averaging (FFLOWA) operator, the FFL-ordered weighted geometric (FFLOWG) operator, the FFL-hybrid averaging (FFLHA) operator and the FFL-hybrid geometric (FFLHG) operator under FFL environment. Several properties of these AOs are investigated in detail. Further, based on these operators, a multiple attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) approach with FFL information is developed. Finally, to illustrate the effectiveness of the present approach, a real-life supplier selection problem is presented where the evaluation information of the alternatives is given in terms of FFLNs.
Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid Slows Down Collagen Membrane Resorption in Diabetic Rats through Reducing the Number of Macrophages
Authors: Eliezer Meizi , Sculean Anton , Miron Richard J. , Nemcovsky Carlos , Bosshardt Dieter D. , Fujioka-Kobayashi Masako , Weinreb Miron , Ofer Moses
Published: April 2021

Accelerated degradation of collagen membranes (CMs) in diabetic rats is associated with increased infiltration of macrophages and blood vessels. Since pre-implantation immersion of CMs in cross-linked high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (CLHA) delays membrane degradation, we evaluated its effect on the number of macrophages and endothelial cells (ECs) within the CM. Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin in 16 rats, while 16 healthy rats served as control. CM discs were labeled with biotin, soaked in CLHA or PBS and implanted under the scalp. Fourteen days later, CMs were embedded in paraffin and the number of macrophages and ECs within the CMs was determined using antibodies against CD68 and Transglutaminase II, respectively. Diabetes increased the number of macrophages and ECs within the CMs (∼2.5-fold and 4-fold, respectively). Immersion of CMs in CLHA statistically significantly reduced the number of macrophages (p<0.0001) in diabetic rats, but not that of ECs. In the healthy group, CLHA had no significant effect on the number of either cells. Higher residual collagen area and membrane thickness in CLHA-treated CMs in diabetic animals were significantly correlated with reduced number of macrophages but not ECs. Immersion of CM in CLHA inhibits macrophage infiltration and reduces CM degradation in diabetic animals.
Vertical Trapping Of the Coffee Berry Borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Scolytinae) In Coffee
Authors: Ruiz-Diaz Claudia Patricia , Rodrigues and José Carlos Verle
Published: April 2021

The coffee industry loses millions of dollars annually worldwide due to the Coffee Berry Borer (CBB); these losses imply a decrease in quality and production. Traps are used to monitor their flight and for pest control. The main objective was to determine the flight pattern and trap capture percentages of the CBB population over time using column traps (CTs) in two independent field experiments. CTs were composed of four traps installed at four different heights 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5m above ground. Our results demonstrated a significant difference in CBB capture by traps placed at different heights above the ground. The CT capture maintained a pattern throughout this study's lag; the lower the height, the greater the percentage of CBBs captured. In Experiments A and B, the traps placed at 0.5m caught 67% and 85% of the CBBs captured, respectively. Furthermore, the trap set at 1.5m above the ground in the multi-level CT showed a higher capture percentage than the individually placed trap (also at 1.5m). The pattern of the capture and proportion of the CBB in the CTs were maintained throughout the study despite the season, changes in temperature, and relative air humidity. We suggested that CTs could be explored as a useful tool for capturing the CBB, considering its monitoring and management.
GEOTHERMAL EXPLOITATION IN A WORLD HERITAGE SITE: A CASE STUDY OF GUNUNG LEUSER NATIONAL PARK
Authors: Triatmodjo Marsudi , Merdekawati Agustina , Nurvianto Sandy , Hasibuan Irkham Afnan Trisandi , Agung I Gusti Putu
Published: April 2021

Act No. 21/2014 on Geothermal Energy is considered a solution to the slow development of geothermal energy utilization for power plants by opening the way for exploitation in conservation forest areas. However, in practice, such exploitation is still constrained because it often clashes with the conservation interest. This study aims to review: (1) the role of Act No. 21/2014 as a legal justification to conduct geothermal power plant exploitation in Gunung Kembar and Gunung Waihlup within the core zone of Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP), and (2) the potential impact of such exploitation on the international recognition of Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra (TRHS) as a world heritage. This research is normative legal research, using secondary data consisting of primary and secondary legal materials, and employs a qualitative method to analyze the data. The results showed that Act No. 21/2014 could not justify geothermal exploitation activity within the core zone of GLNP. The study also concluded that the geothermal power plant activity is projected to have the potential to compromise TRHS recognition as a world heritage site.
Bill of Lading in Transporting Goods at Sea to Envisage an Efficiency of Export and Import Transaction
Authors: Sudarwanto AL Sentot , Purwosutedjo Grace Ayu
Published: April 2021

This study discusses the law of transporting goods at sea by using a document of charge called Bill of Lading known in common law system is from the 16th century. The research is taken based on the empirical type by showing evidence obtained from the field then analyzed based on bibliography and theory which exists. The result of the research is that each of the international regulations studied does not describe explicitly what the rights and obligations of exporters and importers. However, the B/L contract on the back describes the rights and obligations of exporters and importers as "merchants". Then the results of research that Efficiency is achieved by reason if B/L has been published, No weight miscommunication, Parties abide by applicable legislation, Not falsely signing, Storing B/L in a safe place so as not to disappear, Consistent premises B/L not to be amended, Exporters researching weight standards of goods to be shipped according to ship type, Exporters studying freight forwarding companies in order to manage customs clearance, Selecting the right insurance company to be trusted, Paying attention to the cost of deviation for the benefit of shipping For carrier, Use safe payment method to avoid any more cost when transaction insecurity, Use Surrender B/L model to avoid loading time at loading and unloading ports, Checking documentation of payload including B/L whether complete or not to avoid arrest goods in Customs area, Conduct a container inspection to avoid leakage, and Prevent assignment to less competent workforce to handle cargo documents.
LEGAL PROTECTION OF LURIK ART CONSERVATION THROUGH INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS 2 IN KLATEN REGENCYLEGAL PROTECTION OF LURIK ART CONSERVATION THROUGH INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS 2 IN KLATEN REGENCY
Authors: Fitriono Riska Andi , . Sarwono
Published: April 2021

This article aimed to analyze legal protection of Lurik Art Conservation Through
Intellectual Property Rights in Klaten Regency. Klaten is the area that is most
concerned with the survival of lurik weaving. There is someone mentioned that the
Klaten Regency was the capital of lurik weaving. Because the weaving of Looms
are not machines or Alat Tenun Bukan Mesin (hereinafter abbreviated to ATBM)
is a mainstay of this city. There are countless villages that become centers of lurik
craftsmen. This research is empirical or non-doctrinal research, which is a study
that sees the law not only from the perspective of legislation, but also sees the law
in its implementation. The results of the study show that the first legal protection in
preserving the current lurik art in Klaten, namely the Klaten Regency Government,
then stipulates the Regent's Regulation Number 53 of 2010 Article 23 Paragraph (9)
on the Daily Batik and Traditional Weaving Lurik Service or ATBM Striated and
the Klaten Regent's Decree Number : 065/1014/06 December 30, 2010 on Wearing
Traditional Weaving, Motives, Colors and Free Models with Attributes. Furthermore,
based on the Decree of the Regent of Klaten Number 050/84 of 2016 on Klaten
Regency's Superior Products, batik striated is one of the superior products of Klaten
Regency. With the issuance of these rules as an effort to protect and preserve lurik
art in Klaten district and referring to Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright, it has
regulated the forms of protection of lurik art in Klaten through Article 40 paragraph
(1). The Second Protection of Intellectual Property Rights Against Lurik Art, namely
Protection of lurik artworks, besides being accommodated in Law Number 28 of 2014
on Copyright (Copyright Law) and Trademark Law and other intellectual property
right laws. Elucidation of Article 40 paragraph (1) letter j of the Copyright Law. The
work is protected because it has artistic value, both in relation to the picture, style,
and color composition. The Copyright Act also emphasizes that it is important to
protect Copyright because every creator, in this case, the creator of the lurik motif
has the right to moral rights and economic rights.
STUFEN THEORY AS A BASIC ANALYSIS OF THE LEGAL STANDING OF THE MINISTERIAL REGULATION AND ITS RELATION TO THE EXECUTION OF THE LOCAL REGULATION
Authors: Amiq Bachrul , Iristian Yovan
Published: April 2021

Law is a set of regulations that contain a kind of unity that we understand through a system, as one form of this realization through Article 22A of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The legal force binds a regulation in accordance with the hierarchy as referred to in Article 7 of the Law Number 15 of 2019 on the Establishment of Laws and Regulations (hereinafter Law Number 15 of 2019), but in line with Law Number 15 of 2019, it does not recognize the legal standing of the Ministerial Regulation. This research focuses on analyzing and finding answers to questions about the legal standing and characteristics of Ministerial Regulations in the Hierarchy of Statutory Regulations in Indonesia. The research method with a normative juridical approach, prioritizes library research and its implementation in practice. Research specifications are descriptive. The research phase is carried out through library research, collecting secondary data in the form of primary, secondary, and field research materials to obtain primary data as a support. The theory put forward by Hans Kelsen through Stufen Theory and Adolf Merkl’s theory through (Das Doppelte Rechtsantlitz) as a basic analysis to study the legal standing and characteristics of the Ministerial Regulation. In line with the Law 9 of 2015 on the Local Government that Ministerial Regulations are above Provincial, Regency / City Regional Regulations, thus Ministerial Regulations may not conflict with Presidential Regulations and Government Regulations and provide guidelines for Provincial, District / City Regulations in determining the local regulations
THE IMPACTS OF APPLYING NATIONAL PAYMENT GATEWAY IN THE INDONESIAN PAYMENT SYSTEM AS THE ECONOMIC DEMOCRACY IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Haykal Hassanain
Published: April 2021

The National Payment Gateway (NPG) is developed to make the payment infrastructure more efficient, reliable, and secure for both local and international transactions. This is in line with the state's efforts to implement the constitutional rights of citizens contained in Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution. State efforts in the NPG urged to be done to support the fulfillment of the constitutional rights of citizens in the economic field. Therefore, this study aims to determine the impact of applying NPG in the Indonesian payment system as a form of fulfilling the constitutional rights. This study uses a type of legal normative research in the form of legal behavior products. The results show that the application of NPG could be the basis for processing mass payment transactions through the integration of all payment channels and domestic processing which has not been carried out efficiently. Therefore, the NPG rules and mechanisms are determined for all domestic payment transactions and instruments from domestic issuers, with all the processes carried out locally. This was conducted to broaden people's acceptance of non-cash transactions and a way of making it become an integral part of Bank Indonesia's efforts in facilitating non-cash movements within the country. NPG is also part of the fulfillment of the constitutional rights of the community, in which the community is given the ease and efficiency in making transactions as a form of economic democracy with the principle of togetherness, equitable efficiency, sustainability, by maintaining a balance of progress and national economic unity.
UNDERSTANDING THE PUBLIC INTEREST IN DEVELOPMENT NYIA (New Yogyakarta International Airport): AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND LEGAL APPROACH
Authors: Alan Muhammad Fikri
Published: April 2021

This paper seeks to use economic and law approaches in looking at the problems that occur over the construction of New Yogyakarta International Airport (NYIA). According to the legal approach that is often done, it has not given a clear meaning of what the phrase "public interest" is. In fact, the meaning of this phrase becomes very important, considering that this is used as the basis by the state in seizing the right to land owned by people, which is then used for the construction of the airport. For the economic approach method, it is expected to be able to complete the approach, by analyzing whether the current development process can benefit the country economically or not. Thus, the use of economic approaches, in this case is the NYIA's development policy, in fact, can be ambiguous. On the one hand it can be a justification for the state to continue the development process. On the other hand, it can be a justification for the people who until now continue to expect the development of the NYIA to be halted.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RELIGIOUS PLURALISM VALUES OF ISLAMIC LAW ON ARTICLE 156A OF THE CRIMINAL CODE
Authors: Silfiah Rossa Ilma
Published: April 2021

Religious freedom in Indonesia is based on the abundant presence of Godliness that is the religious values embraced in Indonesia. The religions are Islam, Christianity, Catholicism, Hinduism, Buddhism and Confucianism mentioned in the Presidential Decree No. 1 of 1965 on the defamation/blasphemy, and stipulation of Article 156a to become a part of Article 156 Criminal Code. The essence of the blasphemy law is to realize a harmonious religious life. This is in line with the Islamic law that is universal and dynamic. Islam does not deny the diversity of the universe, diversity of knowledge, diversity of tribes and cultures, and diversity of religions and beliefs. Because the messenger of the Prophet was to improve the morality of his followers by carrying the value of Rahmatan lil-aalamiin (a blessing for the universe). In this study, the values of Islamic law implicit in Article 156a of the Criminal Code were examined by applying a normative method as well as religious text approach as a framework for argumentation. In addition to applying a policy-oriented approach, this research also applied a value-oriented approach. Because the position of Islamic law is one source of material law as well as very relevant to the pluralistic style of Indonesian society.
THE CONCEPT OF PENAL MEDIATION FOR DEFAMATION DELICT IN THE INDONESIA ITE LAW AS A MANIFESTATION OF RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
Authors: Fajrin Yaris Adhial , Triwijaya Ach. Faisol
Published: April 2021

The paper aimed to analyze the position of defamation as a complaint delict in the ITE Law and  the chances of applying penal mediation in the settlement of criminal defamation charges in the ITE Law. This research uses a normative legal research with qualitative analysis techniques. The research result shows that defamation in the field of ITE is a complaint delict that the settlement of the case can be done through the Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) outside the court through penal mediation mechanism. The settlement of criminal cases through penal mediation has been in line with the direction of the renewal of Indonesian criminal law which is moving towards improving the impact of a criminal act as part of the purpose of criminalization. Penal mediation that promotes the values of consensus deliberation is also in line with the basic values of Pancasila, to encourage peace between the conflicting parties and improve the reputation, self-esteem, and dignity of victims damaged by defamation committed by the perpetrators. The advantages of penal mediation have not been followed by the rule of law of the event that regulates specifically the procedure of penal mediation so that not a few cases of defamation are ultimately decided by criminal sanctions to the perpetrators. Therefore, the mechanism of penal mediation needs to be regulated in the Indonesian Criminal Code in the future, to provide guarantees of a fair and beneficial criminal settlement for all parties, as well as a guarantee of the right to free responsible speech.
Impact of Climate Change on Flood Hazard at Airports on Pacific Islands: A Case Study of Faleolo International Airport, Samoa
Authors: Wu Lianhui , Taniguchi Kenji , Tajima Yoshimitsu ,   Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan,   Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
Published: April 2021

Climate change is believed to have increased the intensity and frequency of heavy rainfall, and also to have caused sea level rises over this century and beyond. There is widespread concern that small-island nations are particularly vulnerable to increasing risk of inland flood due to such climate change. Understanding the impact of climate change on flood hazard is of great importance for these countries for the development of better protection and adaptation strategies. This study conducted a case study focusing on the impact of climate change on flood hazard at Faleolo International Airport (FIA), Samoa. FIA is a typical small islands airport, located on the lowland along the coast fronted by a fringing reef. Annual maximum daily rainfalls for different return periods were first estimated for the present and future climate around FIA. The estimated rainfalls were input as the forcing of a two-dimensional flood inundation model to investigate the flooding behavior and effectiveness of probable drainage systems. Results showed that a part of the runway can be inundated under heavy rainfall. Construction of drainage pipes significantly contributes to reducing the flood hazard level. Sensitivity analysis showed that the astronomical tide level has relatively little influence on the performance of the drainage system, while the combination of sea level rise and the sea level anomaly induced by stormy waves on the fringing reef could have non-negligible impacts on the drainage system. Location of the drainage pipe is also important to effectively mitigate flooding. The time-concentration of torrential rainfall may also significantly impact the overall performance of the drainage system.
Reliability Assessment in Wireless Apparatus Using LoRa and Sigfox in Catch Basin
Authors: Kobayashi Wataru ,   Tokyo Denki University 5 Senju Asahi-cho, Adachi-ku, Tokyo 120-8551, Japan
Published: April 2021

The importance of preventing damage from pluvial flooding has been increasing under global climate change. The discovery of premonitory symptoms of pluvial flooding enables effective evacuation and inundation prevention activities. However, apparatuses that automatically detect this in real time are not widespread. There are difficulties in the cost of installing them and the agreements made by the parties concerned, especially in cities. To solve this problem, we devised an apparatus to be installed inside a catch basin that detects its water level. The water level in the catch basin may indicate a sign of pluvial flooding, and the number of people involved in operating the catch basin is smaller than that of facilities on the ground. In order to reduce the cost of installation and operation, we adopted Low Power Wide Area (LPWA), which is a communication method that enables wireless transmission of detected information over long distances for a long time using batteries. So far, for catch basins, a wireless transmission experiment was conducted using LoRa, which is part of LPWA. However, Sigfox, which uses the same frequency as LoRa but has a different wireless system, has not been verified. In this study, the reliability of wireless communication was assessed by apparatuses using LoRa and Sigfox side by side in each catch basin in two places in a densely populated city. The number of experiment days and transmissions differed depending on the apparatus, with the number of days ranging from 97–151 and the number of transmissions from 2328–3748. The reliability in the experiment ranged from 99.97–99.53%. The experimental results showed that wireless transmission was possible with high reliability using either the LoRa or Sigfox system from inside these catch basins. This study expands the options for communication infrastructure that can be used for apparatuses that detect premonitory symptoms of pluvial flooding. This will enable a reduction in installation costs and will expand the range of areas of potential installation.
Demonstration of Stormwater Management Technology by Short-Term Rainfall Prediction and Real-Time Runoff Analysis System Using Small X-Band Radar
Authors: Matsuoka Ryo ,   Metawater Co., Ltd. JR Kanda Manseibashi Building, 1-25 Kandasuda-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0041, Japan, Oki Shinichiro
Published: April 2021

We developed a system that combines urban area rainfall radar (small X-band, dual-polarization radar), short-term rainfall prediction model, and real-time runoff analysis technology, and the demonstration study was conducted on the drainage districts in Fukui City and Toyama City. We demonstrated the effectiveness of the flood damage, by providing the real-time information on rainfall prediction, water level in sewerage pipes, and inland flood prediction to the operators of drainage pump of stormwater storage pipes, and residents in flood-prone areas. During the study for about two years, it was confirmed that the accuracy of the radar rainfall observation was comparable to that of the X-band dual-polarization Doppler weather radar managed by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. In the operation of the drainage pump for the Tsukimiminori Stormwater Storage Pipe in Fukui City, we were able to secure the storage capacity for the next rainfall based on the forecast information by maximizing the drainage capacity of the discharge destination. In addition, it was also confirmed that the residents themselves could secure the lead time for setting up water-stop sandbags and moving their vehicles to higher ground.
Scenario Analysis of Sluice Gate Operations for Evaluating Inland Flood Damage
Authors: Muroi Hiromichi ,   Waterworks Bureau, City of Kawasaki 1 Miyamoto-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-8577, Japan, Mine Kensuke , Eguchi Yoshiki
Published: April 2021

Typhoon Hagibis, which hit Japan directly on October 12, 2019, caused great damage, including the flooding of rivers, across various parts of Japan. The Tama River, which flows north of Kawasaki City, also experienced flooding which exceeded the designed high water level; although it did not cause fluvial flooding, river water flowed into the urban areas through the sewerage system, causing unprecedented inundation damage. This damage was reproduced with the inland flood simulation model. Furthermore, we performed simulations in which the water level, precipitation, and sluice gate operation of the Tama River differed from actual conditions, and compared them with the actual damage. Based on these results, we examined methods for reducing inundation damage, such as improving the operation method of sluice gates, and confirmed their effects.
The Use of DMAIC to Improve Quality Vaccination Recommendations in Chain Community Pharmacies
Authors:   ,   University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Patel Urvi
Published: April 2021

Community pharmacies provide the convenience and ease of administrating vaccinations outside traditional settings. Vaccinations are health initiatives that protect communities and improve health outcomes in all populations. Despite their accessibility and supporting clinical data, various influential factors contribute to the current suboptimal rates of vaccine administration. Given the common barriers to vaccine administration, this research narrows down to address a specific barrier and attempts to implement a method that focuses on improving vaccine rates in community pharmacies. This research is a case study that utilizes the DMAIC model of lean six sigma and aims to use this quality improvement process to identify, measure, analyze, and implement a training program to facilitate pharmacists in high-quality vaccine recommendations to promote higher rates of pneumococcal vaccinations in community settings.
The Impact of Corporate Culture on Marketing Performance
Authors: Fathoni Muhammad Anwar , Rodoni Ahmad
Published: April 2021

ABSTRACT

 

The purpose of this study is to determine the typology of corporate culture of Islamic banking. This study also aims to determine the influence of corporate culture of Islamic banking on marketing performance.

This study proves that the corporate culture of Islamic banking that accommodates the Islamic teaching has influence on marketing performance.

This study is a comparative study between Bank Muamalat and BNI Syariah. Mixed method is used in this study to analyze collected data. The primary data obtained through survey and interview with employees of the Islamic bank. While secondary data obtained from the annual report documentation, books and articles in scientific journals and other sources that relevant to the research.

 

Keywords: Corporate Culture, Marketing Performance, Islamic Banking
ANALYSIS OF INDONESIA’S ISLAMIC BANKING BANKRUPTCY PREDICTION FOR PERIOD 2014-2016
Authors: Bawono Anton , Setyaningrum Aisyah
Published: April 2021

The background of this study was based on market share of Isalmic banks in which it is only 5% of National Banks in Indonesia. This indicates ineffective Islamic banks performance. Therefore it will lead to the bankruptcy. Assessing bankruptcy required deep assessment of company performance through its financial ratios; these are Working Capital to Total Assets (WCTA), Earnings Before Interest and Tax to Total Assets (EBITTA), Retained Earnings to Total Assets (RETA) and Book Value of Equity to Book Value of Total Debt (BVEBVTD). The purpose of this study was intended to explain about the influence of those financial ratios on bankruptcy prediction of banks based on Altman Z-Score Model.

The data was conducted through indirect observation from quarterly financial report of banks for period 2014-2016. The samples were 11 Sharia banks from 13 Sharia banks listed on Indonesia Financial Services Authority (OJK-RI) by January 2017. The process of analysis was started by conducting Stationery analysis then Regression analysis, the test of assumptions and Multiple Discriminant Analysis (MDA).
The result suggests that WCTA, EBITTA and BVEBVTD variable show positive and significance effect on bankruptcy prediction, while the RETA variable shows negative and insignificance. Based on this study, there are only two variables, WCTA and BVEBVTD, that couldpredict bankruptcy with 98.2% accuracy.
Body Mass Index Differentially Moderates Heritability of Total Joint Replacement Due to Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Hailer Nils P. , Kuja-Halkola Ralf , Brüggemann Anders , Pedersen Nancy L. , Michaëlsson Karl
Published: April 2021

Background:

Osteoarthritis and obesity are diseases with high prevalence, and they share common etiologies. We investigated the sex-specific genetic susceptibility to hip and knee osteoarthritis necessitating total joint replacement (TJR), and how body mass index (BMI) moderated the heritability of these osteoarthritis phenotypes.

Methods:

We linked 29,893 twin pairs with information on BMI in the Swedish Twin Registry with the Swedish National Patient Register to identify twins who underwent primary TJR of the hip or knee combined with a concomitant diagnosis of primary osteoarthritis of these joints. Structural equation modeling was used to calculate the heritability of hip and knee osteoarthritis treated with TJR, with estimates adjusted for the first available BMI, birth year, and sex. We also investigated how heritability varied with BMI treated as a continuous variable.

Results:

Similar heritability estimates for hip replacement (0.65 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.59 to 0.70]) and knee replacement (0.57 [95% CI, 0.50 to 0.64]) were found. Heritability decreased with higher BMI in both sexes for hip replacement and in men for knee replacement. In contrast, heritability for knee replacement increased with higher BMI in women; the estimate was 0.37 (90% likelihood interval [LI], 0.25 to 0.49) for a BMI of 20 kg/m2 and 0.87 (90% LI, 0.68 to 0.94) for a BMI of 35 kg/m2.

Conclusions:

In our population, heritability explained, on average, about half of the susceptibility to undergo primary TJR of the hip or knee with the indication of primary osteoarthritis, but it varied with BMI and sex. We demonstrated substantial heritability for knee replacement in obese women.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Children with Primary Septic Arthritis Have a Markedly Lower Risk of Adverse Outcomes Than Those with Contiguous Osteomyelitis
Authors: Hamilton Elizabeth C. , Villani Mary C. , Klosterman Mary M. , Jo Chanhee , Liu Jie , Copley Lawson A.B.
Published: April 2021

Background:

It is widely believed that septic arthritis poses a risk of joint destruction and long-term adverse outcomes for children if not treated emergently. In the present study, children who had primary confirmed septic arthritis were compared with those who had septic arthritis and adjacent osteomyelitis to evaluate differences that affect the relative risk of adverse outcomes.

Methods:

Children who underwent multidisciplinary treatment for septic arthritis with or without contiguous osteomyelitis between 2009 and 2019 were retrospectively studied. Clinical, laboratory, treatment, and outcome data were compared between cohorts of children with primary confirmed septic arthritis and children with septic arthritis and contiguous osteomyelitis.

Results:

One hundred and thirty-four children had primary confirmed septic arthritis, and 105 children had septic arthritis with contiguous osteomyelitis. Children with osteomyelitis were older (median, 7.4 versus 2.4 years), had higher initial C-reactive protein (median, 15.7 versus 6.4 mg/dL), and had a higher rate of thrombocytopenia (21.0% versus 1.5%). They also had a higher rate of bacteremia (69.5% versus 20.2%) for a longer duration (median, 2.0 versus 1.0 days). Detected pathogens in children with osteomyelitis as compared with those with primary septic arthritis were more likely to be Staphylococcus aureus (77.1% versus 32.1%) and less likely to be Kingella kingae (2.9% versus 32.1%). Children with contiguous osteomyelitis had longer hospitalizations (median, 8.0 versus 4.0 days), a higher rate of intensive care (21.0% versus 1.5%), a higher readmission rate (17.1% versus 5.2%), and a higher complication rate (38.1% versus 0.7%).

Conclusions:

Primary septic arthritis in children is dissimilar to septic arthritis associated with osteomyelitis. The present study demonstrates that long-term adverse outcomes in children with septic arthritis are likely due to the contiguous osteomyelitis. Children with primary septic arthritis are sufficiently distinguishable from those who have contiguous osteomyelitis to guide decisions for magnetic resonance imaging acquisition, duration of antibiotic therapy, and length of outpatient follow-up in order to recognize and address adverse outcomes.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Patient Age and Cell Concentration Influence Prevalence and Concentration of Progenitors in Bone Marrow Aspirates
Authors: Mantripragada Venkata P. , Boehm Cynthia , Bova Wesley , Briskin Isaac , Piuzzi Nicolas S. , Muschler George F.
Published: April 2021

Background:

Connective tissue progenitors (CTPs) resident in native tissues serve as biological building blocks in tissue repair and remodeling processes. Methods for analysis and reporting on CTP quantity and quality are essential for defining optimal cell sources and donor characteristics and the impact of cell processing methods for cell therapy applications. The present study examines the influence of donor characteristics and cell concentration (nucleated cells/mL) on CTP prevalence (CTPs/million nucleated cells) and CTP concentration (CTPs/mL) in bone marrow aspirates (BMAs).

Methods:

Iliac crest bone marrow was aspirated from 436 patients during elective total knee or hip arthroplasty. Bone marrow-derived nucleated cells were plated at a density of 1.19 × 105 cells/cm2. Colony-forming unit analysis was performed on day 6.

Results:

Large variation was seen between donors. Age (p < 0.05) and cell concentration (p < 0.001) significantly influenced CTP prevalence and CTP concentration. For every 1-year increase in age, the odds of having at least an average CTP prevalence and CTP concentration decreased by 1.5% and 1.6%, respectively. For every 1 million cells/mL increase in cell concentration, the odds of having at least an average CTP prevalence and CTP concentration increased by 2.2% and 7.9%, respectively. Sex, race, body mass index (BMI), and the presence of osteoporosis did not influence CTP prevalence or CTP concentration.

Conclusions:

BMA-derived CTPs were obtained from all patient groups. CTP prevalence and CTP concentration decreased with age. Cell concentration decreased with age and positively correlated with total CTP prevalence and CTP concentration. The mean CTP concentration in patients >60 years of age was a third of the CTP concentration in patients <30 years of age.

Clinical Relevance:

Proper BMA techniques are necessary to obtain a high-quality yield and composition of cells and CTPs. The reduced CTP concentration and CTP prevalence in the elderly may be mitigated by the use of cell processing methods that increase CTP concentration and CTP prevalence (e.g., by removing red blood cells, serum, and non-CTPs or by increasing aspirate volumes). Cell concentration in the BMA can be measured at the point of care and is an appropriate initial assessment of the quality of BMA.
Transitions of Wear Characteristics for Rubber/Steel Seal  Pairs During the Abrasive Wear Process
Authors: Zhou Qin , Li Shuaishuai , Zhang Kai , Qin Kun , Lv Minghao , Sun Weihao , Yuan Tongxin
Published: April 2021

Abrasive wear resulting from the microclastic rock is a common failure phenomenon in the drilling environmentthat often limits the sealing ability and the service life of seals. In this study, the friction and wear process of fluoro rubber (FKM) seals against 304 stainless steel (SS304) after one single entry of SiO2 abrasives were investigated. The influence of the changes in particle state on friction coefficient evolution, wear loss evolution, wear morphologies and wear mechanisms were discussed in detail. The results indicate that the presence of abrasive particles dispersed between the sealing interface clearly improves the friction performance of the seal pairs and deteriorates the wear performance of the metal counterpart. The movement and breakage of particles after one single entering into the sealing interface were obtained. And on this basis, the stable wear process can be divided into three stages. In addition, the main causes contributed to this change of wear mechanisms are the random movement and process of continuous breakdown of abrasive particles. Furthermore, the transition of the wear mechanism that clearly describes the wearing behavior of the seal pairs under these abrasive wear conditions was identified. The results of this study enhanced our understanding of the abrasive wear degradation of rubber seal in practical drilling applications.
Assessment of Interface Trap Charges on Proposed TFET for Low Power High-frequency Application
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Yadav Dharmendra Singh
Published: April 2021

Accumulation of trap charges at the semiconductor and oxide interface is the most dominating factor and cannot be neglected as it degrades device performance and reliability. This manuscript, presents detailed investigation to analyze the impact of interface trap charges (ITCs) on the performance parameters of the proposed device i.e., heterogeneous dielectric dual metal gate step channel TFET (HD DMG SC-TFET). The comparative study is conducted with dual metal gate step channel TEFT (DMG SC-TFET). The proposed device shows improved current carrying capability, suppressed ambipolar behaviour with steeper subthreshold swing. The purpose of this study to determine the ITCs impact on DC characteristics and analog/RF electrical performance parameters of the proposed device. It further observed that the proposed device exhibit superior performance due to dielectric engineering at oxide layer. Moreover, advanced communication devices must respond linearly therefore, the impact of ITCs on linearity parameters is also studied. From this brief comparative investigation, it is observed that the proposed TFET exhibits negligible distortion in linearity parameters with little or no impact of trap charges as compared to DMG SC-TFET. Thus, proposed TFET is appropriate for ultra-low power high-frequency electronic devices.
Integrative Network Analysis of Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma Identifies Aurora Kinase Inhibition as Interceptor of Invasion and Progression
Authors: Yoo Seungyeul , Sinha Abhilasha , Yang Dawei , Altorki Nasser , Tandon Radhika , Wang Wenhui , Chavez Deebly , Lee Eunjee , Patel Ayushi , Sato Takashi , Kong Ranran , Ding Bisen , Schadt Eric , Watanabe Hideo , Massion Pierre , Borczuk Alain , Zhu Jun , Powell Charles
Published: April 2021

We present a gene signature distinguishing invasive and indolent tumors among early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (esLUAD). An Invasiveness Score estimated using the gene signature was strongly associated with survival of esLUAD patients in multiple independent cohorts and with the invasiveness phenotype in lung cancer cell lines. Regulatory network analysis identified aurora kinase as one of master regulators of the gene signature and perturbation of aurora kinases in vitro and in vivo reduced tumor invasion. Our study suggests aurora kinases as a novel target for treating early-stage invasive lung adenocarcinoma.
Pre-exposure prophylaxis with hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19: initial results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial
Authors: Grau-Pujol Berta , Camprubí Daniel , Marti-Soler Helena , Fernández-Pardos Marc , Carreras-Abad Clara , Andrés Maria Velasco de , Ferrer Elisabet , Muelas-Fernandez Magdalena , Jullien Sophie , Barilaro Giuseppe , Ajanovic Sara , Vera Isabel , Moreno Laura , Gonzalez-Redondo Eva , Cortes-Serra Núria , Roldán Montserrat , Arcos Ana Artes de , Mur Isabel , Domingo Pere , Garcia Felipe , Guinovart Caterina , Muñoz Jose
Published: April 2021

Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a promising strategy to break COVID-19 transmission. Although hydroxychloroquine was evaluated for treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis, it is not evaluated for COVID-19 PrEP yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of PrEP with hydroxychloroquine against placebo in healthcare workers at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection during an epidemic period.Methods: We conducted a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial in three hospitals in Barcelona, Spain. From 350 adult healthcare workers screened, we included 269 participants with no active or past SARS-CoV-2 infection (determined by a negative nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 PCR and a negative serology against SARS-CoV-2). Participants allocated in the intervention arm (PrEP) received 400mg of hydroxychloroquine daily the first four consecutive days and subsequently, 400mg weekly during the study period. Participants in the control group followed the same treatment schedule with placebo tablets. Results: 52.8% (142/269) of participants were in the hydroxychloroquine arm and 47.2% (127/269) in the placebo arm. Both groups showed similar proportion of participants experiencing at least one adverse event (AE) (p=0.548). No serious AEs were reported. Almost all AEs (96.4%, 106/110) were mild. Only mild gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly higher in the hydroxychloroquine arm compared to the placebo arm (27.4% (39/142) vs 15.7% (20/127), p=0.041). Given the national epidemic incidence decay, only one participant in each group was COVID-19 diagnosed. Consequently, our study design deemed underpowered to evaluate any benefit regarding PrEP efficacy.Conclusions: First month follow-up analysis displayed that PrEP with hydroxychloroquine at low doses is safe.Trial registration: This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04331834) on April 2nd 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04331834?term=NCT04331834&draw=2&rank=1
Contactless Body Temperature Monitoring of In-Patient Department (IPD) Using 2.4 GHz Microwave Frequency via the Internet of Things (IoT) Network
Authors: Boonsong Wasana , Senajit Narongrit , Prasongchan Piya
Published: April 2021

Since the COVID-19 situation keeps going on started from 2019. Many solutions are to against the spreading of coronavirus disease. In this work, the contactless body temperature monitoring (CBTM) of the in-patient department (IPD) is applied using a 2.4 GHz microwave band via the Internet of Things (IoT) network. The specified infrared body temperature on the MLX90614 DCI used for the medical field was selected to embed the IoT-CBTM for IPD using the IoT platform because the MLX90614 is an accurate sensor that matches to use for medical promotion. In this study, the proposed embedded IoT-CBTM has tested the accuracy compared with the manual body temperature checking device under the Thai Industrial Standard Institute (TISI). The results found that the proposed wireless IoT-CBTM prototype achieved a reliability value of 48.7 %, nearly to the expected value, with positive correlations between devices at .322*. The information data will be transferred to store at cloud internet according to the time set every hour. The intelligent applications used for receiving data are Google Sheet and line application on smart devices.
Trajectory inference across multiple conditions with condiments: differential topology, progression, differentiation, and expression.
Authors: de Bézieux Hector Roux , Berge Koen Van den , Street Kelly , Dudoit Sandrine
Published: April 2021

In single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), gene expression is assessed individually for each cell, allowing the investigation of developmental processes, such as embryogenesis and cellular differentiation and regeneration, at unprecedented resolutions. In such dynamic biological systems, grouping cells into discrete groups is not reflective of the biology. Cellular states rather form a continuum, e.g., for the differentiation of stem cells into mature cell types. This process is often represented via a trajectory in a reduced-dimensional representation of the scRNA-seq dataset.

While many methods have been suggested for trajectory inference, it is often unclear how to handle multiple biological groups or conditions, e.g., inferring and comparing the differentiation trajectories of wild-type and knock-out stem cell populations.

In this manuscript, we present a method for the estimation and downstream interpretation of cell trajectories across multiple conditions. Our framework allows the interpretation of differences between conditions at the trajectory, cell population, and gene expression levels. We start by integrating datasets from multiple conditions into a single trajectory. By comparing the conditions along the trajectory’s path, we can detect large-scale changes, indicative of differential progression. We also demonstrate how to detect subtler changes by finding genes that exhibit different behaviors between these conditions along a differentiation path.
Irradiation stability and induced ferromagnetism in a nanocrystalline CoCrCuFeNi highly-concentrated alloy
Authors: Tunes Matheus Araujo , El-Atwani Osman , Greaves Graeme , Boldman Walker , Rack Philip , Schön Cláudio , Pogatscher Stefan , Maloy S. , Zhang Yanwen
Published: April 2021

In the field of radiation damage of crystalline solids -- where new highly-concentrated alloys (HCAs) are suitable candidate materials for next generation fission/fusion reactors -- outstanding radiation tolerance has been recently recorded. Despite the preliminarily reported extraordinary properties, the mechanisms of degradation, phase instabilities and decomposition of HCAs are still largely unexplored fields of research. Herein, we investigate the response of a nanocrystalline CoCrCuFeNi HCA to heavy ion irradiation in the temperature range from 293 to 773 K. The results led to the identification of two regimes of response to irradiation: (i) in which the alloy was observed to be tolerant under extreme irradiation conditions and (ii) in which the alloy is subject to matrix phase instabilities. The formation of FeCo monodomain nanoparticles under these conditions is also reported for the first time, which may have promising applications in new technological areas such as spintronics.