bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Executive and attentional functions in patients with migraine
Authors: Jurno Mauro , Magierek Valeska , Carvalho Letícia Silva Gomes de , Assis Camila Gualberto Bernardes de
Published: November 2022

Introduction
The Executive Functions (EF) allow the individual to direct behaviors to the goal, evaluate his/her efficiency and appropriateness, and eliminate ineffective strategies by other efficient and functional ones to solve short, medium, and long-term problems. To this end, attention is fundamental to learning and problem solving.
Objective
To relate executive and attentional functions with the presence or absence of migraine.
 Methods
A cross-sectional study on the presence of attentional and EF alterations in migrant patients, with a target sample of 42 subjects, 30 migrants and 13 non-migrants. Subjects above eighteen (18) years of age, recruited consecutively by convenience at the Centro Acadêmico Multiprofissional Dr. Agostinho Paolucci of the Faculdade de Medicina de Barbacena - CAM FAME, Faculdade de Medicina and Centro AMA de Desenvolvimento, were included in the study, regardless of sex, after completion of the free and informed consent form - FICF. Subjects with migraine were in accordance with the criteria of the International Classification of Headaches (ICHD-3). All subjects diagnosed with migraine and undergoing neuropsychological evaluation were included. The Psychological Attention Assessment Battery (APB) was used for the attention test and the Five Digits Test was used for the EF test. The APB measures the attentional performance in 3 (three) distinct types of attention, related to 1) the ability to maintain the focus of attention on a given stimulus for a prolonged time; 2) the ability to distribute attention resources for the simultaneous execution of multiple tasks; 3) the ability to alternate attention resources among different stimuli. The Five Digits Test verifies the speed of reasoning and response, its accuracy and assertiveness, and can also be used as a measure of attentional processes and their accuracy. 
(To see the complet abstract, please, check out the PDF.)
Electrochemical Corrosion Studies of Low-Alloyed Carbon Steel in Acidic Methylimidazolium Derivate Ionic Liquids with Varying Water Content
Authors: Lukács Zoltán , Molnár Ferenc , Skoda-Földes Rita , Hancsók Jenő , Kristóf Tamás
Published: November 2022

The application of ionic liquids (ILs) in a wide range of technologies requires a thorough evaluation of their corrosion behavior to typical structural steels. In this work, the corrosion effects of two acidic-type methylimidazolium derivates (potential catalyst candidates) on low-alloyed carbon steel were studied with electrochemical methods (potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy [EIS]). The ILs cause moderate corrosion around 0.1 mm/y at water content up to 10‰ and severe corrosion around 1 mm/y at 100‰, which underlines that before industrial applications of ILs systematic corrosion studies should be performed as part of the process design. With both ILs we found that the cathodic process exhibited apparently good linear Tafel slopes in the cathodic polarization range but in the anodic range the IL with the hydrogensulfate anion showed an active-passive transition only at the highest water concentration. In this series at lower water concentrations, under 100‰, a model assuming a potential-independent anodic current rate correctly matched with the polarization data. The EIS measurement data showed chaotic, but reproducible deviations in the low-frequency range, which were interpreted as the effect of the timely variation of distribution parameters and they apparently did not affect the charge transfer parameters essentially.
O Método Design Thinking e a pesquisa em Ciência da Informação
Authors: Marcos Apocalypse Simão , José Vicentini Jorente Maria
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: O presente artigo objetivou, de modo geral, investigar o método Design Thinking, suas fases e técnicas e, de modo específico, descrever o método; explorar a sua utilização nas pesquisas em Ciência da Informação; e identificar as potencialidades do método nas pesquisas desenvolvidas na área.
Método: A metodologia utilizada é de natureza qualitativa e de abordagem teórica e exploratória. Para alcançar os objetivos traçados, optou-se pela utilização da Revisão Sistemática de Literatura, para identificar as produções científicas sobre o Método Design Thinking na Ciência da Informação.
Resultado: O levantamento das pesquisas publicadas no campo da Ciência da Informação, que abordaram o método do Design Thinking constatou que é emergente a utilização do Design Thinking na área. Por outro lado, a análise minuciosa das publicações e suas abordagens mostrou que, embora pesquisas utilizem o Design Thinking como método, a compreensão aprofundada das fases, técnicas e procedimentos, ainda, configura uma lacuna teórica a ser preenchida no campo da Ciência da Informação.
Conclusões: a aplicação do método Design Thinking nos estudos empreendidos em Ciência da Informação, pontualmente com as novas demandas frente ao desenvolvimento tecnológico, demonstra potenciais contribuições para compreensão de problemas complexos e para a exploração de soluções criativas inovadoras.
Lacan com Hegel: um ensaio sobre ética
Authors: Mohr Allan Martins
Published: November 2022

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir a questão axiomática lacaniana acerca da ética psicanalítica enquanto uma ação sustentada pelo desejo que nos habita. Para tanto, discuto neste trabalho a construção do psicanalista sobre a ética interfaceada com o entendimento hegeliano da ética e do espírito. Conclui-se, finalmente, que apesar de distintas, há um paradoxo apontado pelo psicanalista francês na ética da psicanálise que a permite ser compreendida com o auxílio da fenomenologia e ética hegeliana.
Apresentação
Authors: Kosbiau Trevisan Diego , Barbieri Durão Aylton
Published: November 2022

Apresentação do volume 21, número 1, da Ethic@: International Journal for Moral Philosophy,
O “sistema da política” segundo fundamentos da filosofia crítica de Kant
Authors: Scherer Fábio
Published: November 2022

O exercício que proponho fazer neste artigo é comentar e traduzir o esboço do livro sobre a política kantiana enviado por Andreas Richter a Kant. A proposta de Richter é organizar as afirmações kantianas sobre a política dispersas em escritos da década de 90 e sistematizá-las de acordo com os fundamentos do projeto crítico kantiano. Para tanto, serve-se da qualificação da política moral, bem como dos princípios transcendentais do direito público e do conceito de lei permissiva presentes nos apêndices do escrito À paz perpétua. A apresentação do esboço do livro de Richter possibilitará identificar quais eram, na visão de um conterrâneo e estudioso de Kant, a estrutura e os temas principais da política kantiana, bem como quais eram, à época, os pontos de gravitação da política.
ABORDAGEM TERAPÊUTICA EM CASOS DE DPOC
Authors: Souza Vinicius dos Santos , Alcoreza Raquel Lourdes Murillo
Published: November 2022

Introdução: A doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) é uma patologia do trato respiratório inferior, considerada tratável, comum na população mundial e que pode ser prevenida. Caracteriza-se através de sintomas respiratórios persistentes e da obstrução do fluxo de ar. Essa doença se configura, também, por apresentar impacto importante a nível social, físico e psicológico, assim, podendo acarretar uma má qualidade de vida nos pacientes. Objetivo: Abordar os fatores de risco, além das muitas comorbidades associadas a base do desenvolvimento da doença e sua progressão. Esta revisão bibliográfica tem como objetivo ilustrar a abordagem terapêutica para DPOC. Metodologia: sendo a metodologia utilizada a pesquisa bibliográfica apresenta como privilégio principal, conceder ao pesquisador uma cobertura dos fenômenos bem mais ampla da qual eles poderiam. Resultados: Tendo como resultado que o tratamento medicamentoso é de fundamental importância para minimizar os sintomas, complicações, bem como amenizar e diminuir as exacerbações. Portanto, torna-se imprescindível na redução dos custos públicos, visto que diminuem as internações com os portadores de DPOC, além de ofertar uma melhor qualidade de vida para os mesmos. Conclusão: Por fim, um rápido e correto diagnóstico da doença, bem como a redução das suas exacerbações, através do tratamento eficaz, favorece a diminuição da problemática em todos os níveis da sociedade, e, principalmente, na vida dos pacientes.
Evaluasi Program Tri Dharma Dalam Upaya Penigkatan Mutu Pendidikan STAI Jam’iyah Mahmudiyah Langkat
Authors: Ahmad Zaki, Novira Arafah Muamar Al-Qadri,
Published: November 2022

Dalam dunia pendidikan di perguruan tinggi, tenaga pengajar tidak hanya dibebankan pada aspek pengajaran saja, tetap juga dititik beratkan pada aspek penelitian dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Ketiga hal tersebut telah terangkum dalam istilah tri dharma. Dengan demikian, dosen sebagai pengajar di pendidikan tinggi melakukan kewajiban mengajarnya sesuai dengan jumlah SKS yang diampunya, kemudian disisi lain juga melakukan penelitian sesuai dengan fenomena dan fakta lapangan yang diamatinya serta tak lupa mengadakan pengabdian kepada masyarakat baik di lingkungan tempat tinggalnya, pendidikan/pekerjaannya, hingga masyarakat yang menurutnya layak untuk diberikan pengabdian kepadanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) Untuk mengetahui implementasi dan capaian program tri dharma di STAI Jam’iyah Mahmudiyah Langkat, (2) Untuk mengetahui mutu pendidikan di STAI Jam’iyah Mahmudiyah Langkat, (3) Untuk mengetahui peran  SDM dalam peningkatan mutu di STAI Jam’iyah Mahmudiyah Langkat. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian di STAI Jam’iyah Mahmudiyah Langkat, dengan subyek penelitian: LPM, LPPM, Dosen dan Mahasiswa, dengan metode pengumpulan data: obeservasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Evaluasi Program terdiri dari evaluator dan evaluated. Secara sistematis, evaluasi program yang dijalankan di STAI-JM meliputi keseluruhan elemen yang dilakukan melalui SPMI (Sistem Penjaminan Mutu Internal). Tri Darma Perguruan Tinggi mencakup 3 pilar, yakni: pendidikan dan pengajaran, penelitian dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Mutu pendidikan dapat dicapai dengan pilar-pilar yang telah dipaparkan di atas, sebagai sub pokok yang paling urgensi dalam lingkup Perguruan Tinggi. Telah diketahui bahwasannya dosen cukup aktif dalam pendidikan, penelitian dan pengajaran.
Alexander Kühnen führt bald Bahlsen
Authors: Varnholt Hendrik
Published: November 2022

Die Führung von Bahlsen liegt bald wieder in der Verantwortung eines familienfremden Chefs. Alexander Kühnen wechselt Anfang Januar vom Konservenhersteller Kühne an die Spitze des Gebäckkonzerns.
Wagner und Gustavo Gusto rollen den Pizzamarkt auf
Authors: Sachsenröder Delphine
Published: November 2022

Der Absatz von Tiefkühlpizzen sinkt. Der Druck auf Marktführer Dr. Oetker steigt. Auf dem schrumpfenden Markt greifen Konkurrenten wie Wagner und Gustavo Gusto mit neuen Konzepten an.
Wendung im Schadenersatzprozess von Sieber
Authors: Falker Gerrit-Milena
Published: November 2022

Das Amtshaftungsverfahren „Sieber gegen Freistaat Bayern“ nimmt nun aufgrund eines EuGH-Urteils eine Extrarunde unter Beteiligung eines Sachverständigen.
Innovation in Konzernen – geht doch
Authors: Biehl Bernd
Published: November 2022

Innovationen sind das Lebenselixier der Markenkonzerne. Zuletzt stand es aber nicht mehr so gut, Startups waren kreativer. Das muss so nicht stimmen.
Die größten Hersteller der Branche
Authors: Biehl Bernd
Published: November 2022

Die Top 100-Tabelle der Lieferanten des LEH bietet einen Eindruck der Leistungsfähigkeit der deutschen Ernährungswirtschaft.
Marcher beklagt Kosten
Authors: Hillemeyer Judit
Published: November 2022

Die Marcher Fleischwerke konzentrieren sich in der aktuellen Krisensituation auf ihre Lieferfähigkeit. Nach dem Angriff Russlands auf die Ukraine wurde zügig ein Krisenmanagement erarbeitet, um für einen potenziellen Energieengpass gewappnet zu sein.
Tiefkühlen ist teuer
Authors: Hillemeyer Judit
Published: November 2022

Bekannt ist Österreich für Kaiserschmarren, Strudel und Germködel. Der Tiefkühlspezialist Weinbergmaier setzt ganz auf die Expertise seines Landes – von der Rezeptur über die Rohstoffe bis hin zur Produktion.
Mogamulizumab (Poteligeo)
Authors: CADTH
Published: November 2022

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.

The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.

This review assesses Mogamulizumab (Poteligeo), 20 mg/5 mL single-use vial IV infusion, 4 mg/mL.

Indication: For the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory MF or SS after at least 1 prior systemic therapy.
O TRABALHO COM PROJETO EDUCATIVO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Faria Adriana da Silva Lima , Romão Carla Auxiliadora Barreto , França Claudimeire de Oliveira , Dias Joyce Cruz , Gomes Lucimar Dias de Oliveira , Rocha Simone Siqueira de Souza
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo tem como objetivo evidenciar a importância de se trabalhar mediante projetos educativo na educação infantil, promovendo assim uma aprendizagem eficaz. O trabalho com projeto educativo na educação infantil torna-se significativo para o meio educacional, por buscar a demonstração do estudo da utilização dos projetos como meio que permite a construção de conhecimento, propiciando aos alunos uma maneira diferente de estudar os conteúdos. A metodologia foi desenvolvida por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica. O projeto educativo na educação infantil: uma proposta através da Metodologia Ativa – Gamificação é voltado para crianças, podendo contribuir e auxiliar de maneira efetiva o ensino e aprendizagem do aluno no estudo e de outros alunos, além de ser uma forma de envolvê-los.
Modélisation mécanistico-statistique en écologie
Authors: PAPAÏX Julien , SOUBEYRAND Samuel , BONNEFON Olivier , WALKER Emily , LOUVRIER Julie , ROQUES Lionel , KLEIN Étienne
Published: November 2022

Comprendre où et quand une espèce est présente est central en écologie. Pour aller au-delà des approches corrélatives et expliciter les processus écologiques sous-jacents aux distributions observées nous montrons ici comment expliciter les mécanismes dans les modèles de distribution d’espèces. Nous verrons comment définir mathématiquement ces modèles et mener leur inférence dans une approche mécanistico-statistique. Ce chapitre ce terminera sur trois exemples.
La régression linéaire généralisée sur composantes supervisées et ses extensions
Authors: MORTIER Frédéric , CHAUVET Jocelyn , TROTTIER Catherine , CORNU Guillaume , BRY Xavier
Published: November 2022

Comprendre l’influence des facteurs environnementaux sur la distribution des communautés d’espèces est crucial face aux changements globaux. Pour surmonter les limitations des méthodes de régression usuelles (réponse multivariée et/ou covariables redondantes), nous proposons la régression linéaire généralisée sur composantes supervisées. Les composantes construites prédisent au mieux la distribution de l’ensemble des espèces, tout en synthétisant l’information contenue dans les covariables.
La documédialité des organisations transfrontalières
Authors: HERMAND Marie-Hélène
Published: November 2022

L’auteure structure une analyse communicationnelle de sites web d’organisations transfrontalières sur l’intrication entre territoires et dispositifs médiatiques, et sur le concept d’espace public intermédiaire, pour en comprendre les transitions et/ou les transformations ancrées dans les imaginaires collectifs. En étudiant leurs univers sémantiques, elle modélise les processus communicationnels et la redéfinition des territoires en jeu pour chacun.
Improving interpretation of sea-level projections through a machine-learning-based local explanation approach
Authors: Rohmer Jeremy , Thieblemont Remi , Le Cozannet Goneri , Goelzer Heiko , Durand Gael
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Process-based projections of the sea-level contribution
from land ice components are often obtained from simulations using a complex
chain of numerical models. Because of their importance in supporting the
decision-making process for coastal risk assessment and adaptation,
improving the interpretability of these projections is of great interest. To
this end, we adopt the local attribution approach developed in the machine
learning community known as “SHAP” (SHapley Additive exPlanations). We apply
our methodology to a subset of the multi-model ensemble study of the future
contribution of the Greenland ice sheet to sea level, taking into account
different modelling choices related to (1) numerical implementation, (2) initial conditions, (3) modelling of ice-sheet processes, and (4) environmental forcing. This allows us to quantify the influence of
particular modelling decisions, which is directly expressed in terms of sea-level change contribution. This type of diagnosis can be performed on any
member of the ensemble, and we show in the Greenland case how the
aggregation of the local attribution analyses can help guide future model
development as well as scientific interpretation, particularly with regard
to spatial model resolution and to retreat parametrisation.
ARCHIVAL SOURCES ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE PEOPLE’S COMMISSARY OF EDUCATION IN KAZAKHSTAN IN THE 1920-1930S
Authors:   Institute of History and Ethnology named after C. Valikhanov, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Mukhatova O.K.
Published: November 2022

The article analyzes the activities of the People’s Commissariat of Education of Kazakhstan in 1920-1930 on the basis of documents from the 81st fund of the Central State Archives of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the state body, the revival of public education is shown on the basis of archival sources. The factors that hinder the activity of the commissariat in the region are determined. The issue of staffing in the field of public education and education is also being considered. The collection contains enough documents reflecting the functions of the People’s Commissariat of Education. The content of protocols, orders, rules, reports, reports, statistical data, letters and others confirming the activities of the People’s Commissariat of Education of the Kazakh ASSR is revealed. According to the documents of the fund, it is substantiated that, in 1920-1930, the People’s Commissariat carried out in addition to educating the population and combating illiteracy, a great deal of cultural and educational work. On the basis of these documents, he determines the role of the state institution in the creation of socialist construction.
FROM THE ANCIENT TURKIC CITIES OF CENTRAL ASIA TO THE CITIES OF THE MIDDLE AGES
Authors:   R.B. Suleimenov Institute of Oriental Studies, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Karimova R-B.U.
Published: November 2022

The article examines the Turkic cities of Central Asia, their evolution from ancient Turkic foundations to the developed cities of the Middle Ages. City evolution process has been examined from the perspective of the Turkic Renaissance and the revival after decline that followed in the aftermath of the Turkic era. The Turkic era is the time of undisputed domination of the Turks, Turkic Khaganates in the steppes of Central Asia, brilliant achievements of the Turkic culture, the birth of outstanding writings in the Turkic languages. After the demise of the Turkic Khaganates, the Arab conquests in Central Asia brought a period of domination of the Arab culture, which impacted the development of cities. The Turkic Renaissance era coincided with the flourishing of the Turkic states, the prosperity of cities and the urban culture.
ON THE SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE OF THE ORIENTALIST, BIBLIOGRAPHER AND ETHNOGRAPHER NIGMET SABITOV AND THE PERPETUATION OF HIS MEMORY: CONFERENCE ON THE 125TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE SCHOLAR
Authors:   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology of the SC MES RK, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Azhigali S.E. , Orynbayeva G.U. ,   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology of the SC MES RK, Kazakhstan, Almaty
Published: November 2022

The article is of an informational and analytical nature, which highlights the progress and results of the Republican Scientific and Practical Conference «Scientific Heritage and social and educational activities of Nigmet Sabitov», dedicated to the 125th anniversary of a major Kazakh orientalist, bibliographer and ethnographer, a prominent public figure.The anniversary event was organized and held in December 2020 by the staff of the Department of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology of the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan with the support of its leadership. The article also highlights the main stages of the life and scientific activity of N.Sabitov (1895-1955) – anative of the Astrakhan province, shows his pioneering contribution to the domestic Oriental studies, to the development of ethnography and bibliographic science of Kazakhstan. The participants of the conference adopted a resolution, which made proposals for perpetuating the memory of the scientist and publishing his works.
HISTORY OF ULUS JOCHI THE “TARIKH-I RASHIDI” BY M.KH. DULATI
Authors:   L.N. Gumilev Eurasian National University, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Maxutova A.A.
Published: November 2022

The objective of this article is to study information from Tarikhi Rashidi regarding the history of the Golden Horde. The main research material of the study was the complete translation of Tarikhi Rashidi, carried out in the 1990s. The authors put forward 5 different theses regarding the history of the Golden Horde. The first thesis concerns the nomadic population of the Golden Horde. According to Tarikhi Rashidi, they were called Uzbeks. In our opinion, these Uzbeks were the Golden Horde Tatars. The second thesis concerns the strucute of army of Mohammed Sheibani. In our opinion, 50-60% of the troops of Muhammad Sheibani were moguls, and there were about 20 thousand soldiers of the Golden Horde nomads. The third thesis concerns the relation of the Mogul tribe Duglat and the Kazakh tribe Dulat. In our opinion, the Kazakh Dulats are the descendants of the Mogulistan Duglats. The fourth thesis concerns the origin of Buruj oglan. He was known as the son of Abulkhair Khan. Buruj oglan can be identified with Shaikh-Haydar, who really fought for power in the eastern part of the Ulus Jochi. The fifth thesis concerns the number of Kazakhs.
SOME THOUGHTS IN CONNECTION WITH THE PREPARATION OF A NEW SEVEN-TOM HISTORY OF THE KAZAKH PEOPLE
Authors:   Laboratory  of  Physical  Anthropology  of  the  National  museum  of  Kazakhstan  Republic, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Ismagulov O.
Published: November 2022

This article examines the unjustified use of some terms that distort historical realities and, to a certain extent, humiliate and insult the dignity of the Kazakh people. In this case, we are talking about the true meaning of the terms “nomad”, “steppe civilization” and other far-fetched concepts associated with the ethnic and racial genesis of the Kazakh people. The author expresses critical remarks about the ideas of some domestic historians that, contrary to the direct meaning of these terms, local inhabitants of Kazakhstan are credited with their own “nomadic” mode of economy, which includes, in addition to cattle breeding, also agriculture, trade, city building, etc. The author believes that such a multi-structured, multi-profile economy cannot be called “nomadic”. In addition, according to the author, to the local population, which for more than 50 centuries on the ancient ancestral Kazakh land, among other things, was also engaged in the extraction of metal ores and the manufacture of tools and jewelry from metals of a high technological level, the term “nomad”is also inapplicable. Only a complete misunderstanding of the term “civilization”, the meaning of which is associated with the purely man-made historical and cultural activities of many human generations, leads to the use of completely different criteria for assessing civilizational characteristics, which include various natural landscapes. There are no civilizations in the world that are typical for deserts, seas, mountains, which also applies to the steppes.The author believes that the time has come to abandon the wrong terms and concepts, to develop and substantiate new ones with a clear understanding that the Kazakh people and their ancestors are local inhabitants on the ancient ancestral Kazakh land with more than 50-century history.
THE UNRECOGNIZED FAMINE(ABOUT THE FAMINE OF 1921-1923. IN THE AKMOLINSKY PROVINCE)
Authors:   Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau university, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan, Karsakova G.
Published: November 2022

Based on the archival documents, the article considers the causes and effects of the famine that had taken place in the Akmolinsk governorate between 1921 and 1923. The Akmolinsk governorate was the region where there had been the major population deaths because of the lean years and under the Civil War. The archival sources show that the food crisis, bread to be constantly taken off and the influx of the starving refugees had worsened the plight of the population in the governorate. Based on the archival data, there shown the total number of starving people in the Akmolinsk governorate. Special attention is paid to the work of the Governmental Commission to Help the Starving People, which provided the famine relief in the governorate. There shown the procedures of the commissions, the key directions and objectives to improve the situation of the starving population in the region including the food services areas, the foreign organizations’ assistance to the starving population and the work of the committees on public resource. The author concludes that despite the famine having been on a large scale, the Soviet regime had never recognized the Akmolinsk governorate as famishing.
ZHUMABAY SHAYAKHMETOV - OUTSTANDING KAZAKH STATE AND PUBLIC PERSONALITY
Authors:   Institute of State History, SC MES RK, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Aminov T. , Talgatbekov A. ,   Eurasian National university,Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

he article provides a brief overview of the activities of Zhumabay Shayakhmetov during his time in the civil service - as secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan, with the main emphasis on disclosing his contribution to strengthening the economic and spiritual potential of Kazakhstan in the difficult pre-war times. severe military and difficult post-war years, including his role in organizing the country’s defense.
IDENTITY AND ETHNIC STEREOTYPES OF NOMADIC PEOPLES OF EURASIA IN HISTORICAL RETROSPECT (CASE OF TUVANS AND KAZAKHS)
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kishkenbaevа Z.K. , Maslov K.B. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kozybayeva M.M. ,   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of history and Ethnology
Published: November 2022

In the article the authors investigate ethnic autostereotypes of Tuvans and Kazakhs, as well as heterostereotypes of other ethnic groups. As part of the study, a retrospective review of written sources on the ancient and medieval nomads of Eurasia was made as well as a comparative analysis of historical stereotypes about Eurasian nomads and modern Tuvans and Kazakhs. The authors identified a common basis of nomadic stereotypes reflected in culture or in ideas about similar elements of “traditional” culture. Based on the comparative analysis of ancient and modern stereotypes, the authors came to the conclusion that they have certain continuity. The authors identified five groups of heterosteric stereotypes and three groups of autostereotypes that arose in antiquity and are used in various forms in the modern cultural and interethnic agenda.
BETWEEN TURKOLOGY AND CHINESE STUDIES: ACADEMIC BIOGRAPHY OF DOCTOR OF HISTORICAL SCIENCES A.K. KAMALOV (TO THE 60th ANNIVERSARY OF SCIENTIST)
Authors:   International  Institute  of  Kipchak  Studies,  Kazakh  National  University  named  after  al-Farabi, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Kumekov B.E. , Karimova R-B.U. ,   Center for Uyghur Studies, Institute of Oriental Studies named after R.B. Suleimenov. Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

The article discusses scientific works of Ablet K. Kamalov who is one of the leading historians of Kazakhstan, an outstanding expert in Oriental Studies. It dwells on his achievements and contribution to the study of important problems of history and culture of the ancient Turks, Turkic-Chinese relations, history of Uyghurs of Central Asia and China. Of great significant for social sciences are books written by A.K. Kamalov, including those devoted to the military and political history of the Uyghur Kaghanate (744-840 AD) and to the history of the Turks and Iranians of Tang China (618-907 AD). Based on the analysis of the Chinese sources and their comparison with the ancient Turkic runic inscriptions, A.K. Kamalov could reconstruct and characterize the main stages of the nomadic Uyghurs who dominated on the vast territory of Inner Asia in the VIII-IX cc. and highlight the role and place of the ancient Turkic and Iranian peoples (Sogdians etc.) in the history of the Tang Empire. The article also emphasizes the contribution of the scholar to the study of various aspects of the history and culture of contemporary Uyghurs and Dungans of Kazakhstan, as well as international relations in the Chinese province Xinjiang in the 1940s describing them as the last stage in ‘great game’, a competition between great powers for domination in Central Asia. The article also reveals pedagogical activity of A.K. Kamalov, who made a significant contribution to training young university teachers and scholars working in humanities across Kazakhstan and Central Asia.
AKHMET BAYTURSYNOV AND SMAGUL SADVOKASOV: CONSENSUS IN SEARCH OF NATIONAL AND STATE IDENTITY
Authors:   al-Farabi KazNU, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Mukanova G.K. , Bayzhumanova Z.B. ,   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

In the course of archaeographic research in the funds of the Orenburg region, the authors of this article revealed the previously unreported works of Smagul Sadvokasov from newspapers and magazines in Russian. In the designated period from the fall of 1920 to the first quarter of 1925, the national elite made great efforts to transform the mass consciousness. In Orenburg, editions were published in the Kazakh language under the patronage of A. Baitursynov. Sadvokasov was involved in this work. The state and public figure Sadvokasov highly appreciated the opinion of A. Baitursynov and organized a public lecture for his fiftieth birthday. The tandem of outstanding Kazakh figures and their friendship inspired S. Sadvokasov to posed the problems of the format of the Kazakh statehood within the Union, etc.
FOOD POLICY OF THE SOVIET GOVERNMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN IN THE CONDITIONS OF “WAR COMMUNISM”
Authors:   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Kazakhstan. Almaty, Kapaeva A.T.
Published: November 2022

n 1921-1922 five provinces of Kazakhstan: Ural, Orenburg, Kustanayskaya, Aktobe, Bukeevskaya experienced severe hunger. According to official data, in May 1922, the famine covered an area of 1,048,100 square meters. m with a population of 2,071,222 people (АP RК, 211:39).. The article examines the prerequisites for hunger. The main reason for the outbreak of famine, for a long time, was called the consequences of the civil war and weather conditions: drought and jute that swept the western part of Kazakhstan. The preconditions for the unprecedented famine were a complex of reasons, the main of which was the policy of the Bolsheviks, who established a food dictatorship, transformed into a policy of “war communism”. The main link in this policy was the surplus appropriation system, as a result of which everything “cleaned up” was taken from the population by forceful methods - confiscation and requisition. Another major cause of famine in 1921-1922. was the destruction of the traditional economic system of the Kazakhs, the Bolsheviks ignoring the general laws of interaction of natural-climatic and socio-economic factors. The article examines the activities of armed food detachments engaged in collecting taxes, endowed with immense powers, which they exceeded with impunity: they arrested and even shot people who stood up to protect their families without trial or investigation. Undoubtedly, weather conditions also played a role. Drought and jute accompanied the life of the nomadic population periodically - once every 10 years, according to the observations of old-timers. However, such severe consequences as in 1921-1922. the indigenous population did not experience.
KAZAKHSTAN’S FOREIGN POLICY PRIORITIES: STATUS AND PROBLEMS
Authors:   Ch. Ch. Valikhanov institute of history and ethnology, Borbasov S.M. , Zhunussova B.N. ,   Ch. Ch. Valikhanov institute of history and ethnology
Published: November 2022

This article examines the history of formation and the acquired foreign policy of Kazakhstan since gaining its independence in 1991. The authors reveal that there are five main stages determined in the strategic priorities in the foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Which, in turn, are approved by the country’s leadership. The article describes Kazakhstan’s main foreign policy issues and the ways of their solutions. The achievements and effectiveness of Kazakhstan’s foreign policy over 30 years of independence had been noted. In addition, it covers bilateral, multilateral and regional cooperation with the main partners in the foreign policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
CARVED STONE SEALS OF ANCIENT AND EARLY MEDIEVAL TIMES OF SOUTH KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   A.Kh. Margulan Institute of Archaeology Kazakhstan, Almaty, Akymbek Y.S. , Zheleznyakov B.A.
Published: November 2022

Seals carved on semi-precious stones in South Kazakhstan belong to the period of the Late Antiquity - Earliest Middle Ages (IV-VI centuries). The most reliable method of dating is interpretation of the image/symbolism on the shield of the seal. The State. The State Hermitage has accumulated a significant number of finds (more than 800 gemstones) originating from the region from Crimea to East Turkestan. These carved seals are mainly collected, bought by the first travelers and researchers. Archaeological and random finds of gemstones of recent decades in South Kazakhstan took place on the sites of city oases of Otrar and Turkestan. E.A. Smagulov studied this finds. The last accidental findings occurred already Northeast from the Qaratau Ridge, on the Medieval site of Qumkent. As the result, the geography and chronology of the circulation/manufacture of such seals were expanded.
HISTORIOGRAPHIC CONTRIBUTION OF B.M. SUZHIKOV IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC SCIENCE(to the 70th anniversary of the birth of the scientist)
Authors:   Archive of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Alimgazinov K.
Published: November 2022

The publication is dedicated to the memory of the leading researcher at the Institute of History and Ethnology named after V.I. Valikhanov, candidate of historical sciences B.M. Suzhikov. His whole life is connected with the Institute and the service for historical science. This publication provides an overview of his scientific biography, his activities as the head of the Department of Methodology of History, Historiography and Source Study. Moreover, the analysis of the scientific works of the scientist and his contribution to the formation of the worldview of Russian historians is given. Based on the example of the analysis of a number of studies by B.M. Suzhikov, it is revealed that his scientific heritage is still relevant in a today’s society.
LITTLE-STUDIED PAGES OF ZHANGIR KHAN ‘S LIFE
Authors:   H. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University. Kazakhstan, Atyrau, Akhmet A.K. , Shotanova G.A. ,   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of history and ethnology. Kazakhstan, Almaty, Uzhkenov E.M. ,   R.B. Suleimenov Institute of Oriental Studies. Kazakhstan, Almaty, Yermekbayev A.A. ,   Аl-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan, Almaty
Published: November 2022

Currently, domestic science is actively studying the role and activities of historical personalities of the Kazakh steppe aimed at preserving the identity of the Kazakhs during the period of political domination of the Russian Empire.The role of the individual in society and its influence on it, today is often raised in world historiography. There is quite a lot of historical evidence about the merits of the steppe elite, including batyrs, biys, zhyrau. And one of these people was Zhangir Bokeyev, Khan of the Inner Kirghiz Horde.In this article, we will talk not only about his management method, but also about his high intelligence, which made it possible to preserve local national values in such a difficult period.
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LITERACY CAMPAIGN IN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Abikey A.M. , Kaipbaeva A.T. ,   Ch.Ch. Valikhanov Institute of History and Ethnology, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Ospanova R.R. ,   Abay KazNPU, Almaty Kazakhstan.
Published: November 2022

The article discusses the campaign to eliminate illiteracy in Kazakhstan 20-30 years of the twentieth century. Since the beginning of the XX century, the problem of illiteracy in the Kazakh region began to rise as an important problem of society. One of the most important directions inthe work of the Soviet government was the organization of adult literacy training after the Bolsheviks adopted the decree on the elimination of illiteracy. The economic difficulties that persisted throughout the campaign were associated with the severe consequences of the Civil War –ruin, famine of the 20-30s, lack of financial resources. Socio-psychological difficulties were associated with the unwillingness of the main group of students to study in difficult living conditions. Organizational and personnel difficulties were caused by the social unevenness of the illiterate population, the shortage of teachers, the need to develop textbooks for the adult population studying. In addition, it is noted that hunger and repeated reforms of the Kazakh alphabet are at the heart of socio-economic, socio-political difficulties.
THE GENESIS OF THE GOLDEN HORDE’S CITIES: PROBLEMS OF HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors:   Kazakh Ablai Khan University of  International Relations and World Languages Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Saikeneva D.K. , Uzhkenov E.M. ,   Ch.Ch.  Valikhanov  Institute  of  History  and  Ethnology  of  the  Committee  of  Science  of  the  Ministry  of Education and Science of the RK, Almaty, Kazakhstan, Moryakova M.T. ,   Ch.Ch.  Valikhanov  Institute  of  History  and  Ethnology  of  the  Committee  of  Science  of  the  Ministry  of Education and Science of the RK, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

This study provides historiographical research of the genesisof the Golden Horde’s cities of the Lower Volga region and West Kazakhstan. The author analyzes well-known theories of the formation of cities, the process of the construction of the cities of the domain part of the Golden Horde. The phenomenon of the cities of the Golden Horde have been attractive for many reasons, the cities did not undergo a natural process of evolution, but adopted all the most advanced ideas of medieval cities. According to one of the points, the cities of the domain part that arose "by the individual iron will" of the kaan became the administrative, economic and cultural center of the Jochi ulus. But to this day, the genesis of cities that have already appeared in their heyday and have fallen into decline in less than a century remains not always obvious. In particular, small settlements that are located near large cities, while having their own developed urban culture. Studied in archaeological terms, the cities of Western Kazakhstan, which developed in the Golden Horde period, still represent white spots in the national historical science. The very process of the genesis of cities, their daily life, the established material and spiritual culture -all this should be the object of research. Aktobe-Laeti settlement is particularly convenient for scientific study, since its convenient location, comparative study and good preservation of the monument allow for a better understanding of medieval urban life.
THEPROBLEM OF "WOMEN'S EQUALITY" IN SOVIET KAZAKHSTAN IN 1917-1930
Authors:   Ch. Valikhanov Institute of history and Ethnology, Kazakhstan, Almaty, Shashayeva M.A. , Kozybayeva M.M. ,   Ch. Valikhanov Institute of history and Ethnology, Kazakhstan, Almaty
Published: November 2022

The article analyzes some aspects of women's equality in the context of changes in society during the formation of Soviet Kazakhstan. The first adopted legal provisions deal with marriage, divorce, bride kidnapping, bride price, levirate and other topics. The decision of the Central Executive Committee of the Turkestan SSR on the destruction of the “kalym” will also be published. According to the decree, all agreements on "kalym" were considered illegal, and violators of the provisions of the decree were held criminally liable before the court. However, after this decree was legally extended only to the Kazakhs, in 1923 the Central Executive Committee of Turkestan adopted a new decree that applied to all nationalities of the republic. The issue of women's equality was first raised at the All-Kazakh Congress in 1917 in Orenburg. The article analyzes the demands of the representatives of "Alash" in equalizing the position of women in political rights with men, the right to voluntarily marry, clarifying the consent of the bride upon marriage, establishing the age of marriage up to 18 years for men and 16 years for women, the abolition of “kalym”, levirate, consent of the first woman to marry the second wife.
THE STATE OF UNEMPLOYMENT AND THE UNEMPLOYED IN THE AREA OF CONSTRUCTION OF THE TURKESTAN-SIBERIAN RAILWAY
Authors:   I. Zhansugurov Zhetysu University. Kazakhstan, Takdykorgan, Abdildinova L. , Iskakova G. ,   I. Zhansugurov Zhetysu University. Kazakhstan, Takdykorgan
Published: November 2022

Any railway begins with a pegdriven in by tunnellers at the site of the future route. The construction of railways is very expensive and technologically complicated process, requiring a lot of skilled labor. Laying the route is a high art that requires not only professional knowledge from the prospector, but also a special intuition. The unique project of the first half of the 20thcentury, which connected Asia and Siberia, became a landmark event for Kazakhstan. Already in the second half of the 19thcentury, the laying of railway lines along the Kazakh steppe began. The unique project of the first half of the 20thcentury, which connected Asia and Siberia, became a landmarkevent for Kazakhstan. The construction of the Turkestan-Siberian Railway is proof of these events.From the beginning of construction, disagreements began, connected both with construction and with the use of labor. Infringement of the rights of local residents was noted, not only due to lack of qualifications, but also for poor knowledge of Russian. On this topic, a large number of materials were considered, as well as archival materials of the Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which were introduced into scientific circulation.
SOLID-FORGED OIRAT HELMET FROM THE COLLECTION OF AKMOLA REGIONAL HISTORICAL MUSEUM
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University. Russia, Novosibirsk, Bobrov L.A. , Kushkumbaev A.K. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Kazakhstan, Nursultan, Ismailov D. ,   National Museum of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Nursultan,Kazakhstan
Published: November 2022

The article studies the iron helmet under inventory number GIK-228, stored in Akmola regional historical museum (AOIKM, Kokshetau, Kazakhstan). The purpose of this article is to provide a detailed description of the helmet’s construction and design, as well to define its age and attribution. By its material, the helmet is classified as an iron helmet, by its construction it is solid-forged and by its shape it is spherocylindrical. As a result of the analysis of the construction and design features of the AOIKM helmet we can consider that it belongs to XVII-mid of XVIII centuries. Most probably it has been forged in the second half of this period for a wealthy Oirat (presumably Djungar) Buddhist warrior. This assumption is made based on the helmet’s construction, considering that its top is shaped like a Buddhist ritual vessel. The AOIKM helmet might have been forged either by local Djungarian armorers or in one of craft centers in Transoxiana (or Mawarannahr) where gunsmiths were massively preparing armor for Djungars under supervision of Oirat masters. Numerous helmets of similar design decorated with Buddhist symbolsare kept in museums and private collections in Kazakhstan, Russia, Mongolia and China.
A STUDY OF THE HISTORY OF THE JOCHI ULUS IN RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY (1991-2021)
Authors:   Eurasian National university L.N. Gumilyov, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, Shakieva A.
Published: November 2022

The article presents a historiographical review of works related to the history of the medieval state of Jochi ulus in Russian historiography. In particular, after the collapse of the Soviet state, attention was paid to conceptual changes and new views in the works of Russian researchers on thetopic. Analyzing scientific works, the author introduces 4 main directions for the study of the history of the Juchi ulus in Russia at the present time. Thus, the author shows the dynamics of changing opinions on this topic and the emergence of new data and thoughts. The main sources of the article are publications and articles published during this period. The author is looking for a unique paradigm in the study of the history of the Jochi Ulus in the works of domestic researchers over the past thirty years and seeks to determine the course and degree of study of the modern topic.The work describes a cycle of new theoretical ideas concerning the history of Jochi ulus, with an analysis of the works of Russian researchers. In particular, there is a positiveassessment by researchers of the "Ulus of Jochi", which requires significant changes in the form of studying the history of the modern Middle Ages. In the article, the author drew attention to research works that, instead of a formational approach in the interpretation of historical facts, took a liberal direction.
Nexus between Foreign Direct Investment and Poverty Reduction: A case of Pakistan
Authors: Saleem Hummera , Shabbir Malik Shahzad , Shah Syed Ali Raza , Shah Jalal
Published: November 2022

The key objective of this paper is to examine the direct and causal association between foreign direct investment (FDI) and the reduction of poverty in Pakistan. Poverty reduction is the fundamental task and issue for developing economies like Pakistan. This study uses annual data set from 1987 to 2018 and implies the ARDL method for data analysis. The data has been taken from economic surveys of the Federal statistics house (FSH) of Pakistan. The finding shows the bidirectional causality between poverty and FDI. The outcome of this study also reveals that the causal effects of FDI on reducing poverty are stronger than poverty reduction effects on FDI.