bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-variable flood damage modelling with limited data using supervised learning approaches
Authors: Wagenaar Dennis , de Jong Jurjen , Bouwer Laurens M.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Flood damage assessment is usually done with damage curves only dependent on the water depth. Several recent studies have shown that supervised learning techniques applied to a multi-variable data set can produce significantly better flood damage estimates. However, creating and applying a multi-variable flood damage model requires an extensive data set, which is rarely available, and this is currently holding back the widespread application of these techniques. In this paper we enrich a data set of residential building and contents damage from the Meuse flood of 1993 in the Netherlands, to make it suitable for multi-variable flood damage assessment. Results from 2-D flood simulations are used to add information on flow velocity, flood duration and the return period to the data set, and cadastre data are used to add information on building characteristics. Next, several statistical approaches are used to create multi-variable flood damage models, including regression trees, bagging regression trees, random forest, and a Bayesian network. Validation on data points from a test set shows that the enriched data set in combination with the supervised learning techniques delivers a 20 % reduction in the mean absolute error, compared to a simple model only based on the water depth, despite several limitations of the enriched data set. We find that with our data set, the tree-based methods perform better than the Bayesian network.
International Experience and Lesson for Vietnam: "Raising Capital for Investment in Infrasreuctural Development in International Intergration"
Authors: Thuy Van Ha Thi , Kim Anh Vu Thi
Published: September 2017

It is essential for each nation to invest, improve and retrofit its infrastructure. However, with the diverse participation of all economic sectors, each country has its own method of calling and attracting funds for infrastructure development.Vietnam is in a strong urbanization context, so the development of infrastructure and capital investment in infrastructure development is a very important issue. According to the current development trend, the demand for investment capital for infrastructure has exceeded the state budget's ability. At the same time, traditional solutions in order to increase public investment resources are now hampered by the fact that the Vietnamese budget can not expand for infrastructure investments. Therefore, the infrastructure investments in the coming period must be based mainly on the experience of developed countries.Studying the practical experience of mobilizing capital to develop infrastructure in ThaiLand, Malaysia, Singapore, Chile, China and India shows that developed countries have effective solutions to mobilize resources to invest to infrastructure development, creating a development motivation for socio-economic. This article explores the experience of raising capital for investment in infrastructure development in some countries who have many similarities in socio-economic situation with Vietnam, thereby we can learn a lot of good experience for Vietnam
Sustainability of Banking Sectors in Bangladesh: A Study Based on Emerging Role of Corporate Governance, Corporate Social Responsibility and Intellectual Capital Disclosure
Authors: Mohammad Niaz , Abedin Md. Joynal , Rahman Asif
Published: September 2017

Now-a-day’s businesses are highly concerned about the operations and how their activities affect the surroundings. Aiming to create better environment for the future generations, a number of steps has been taken by various local and international associations and bodies. Recently three of the components such as Corporate Governance (CG), Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Intellectual Capital (IC) Disclosure has grab the major attention and maintained with an important manner. CG, CSR and IC disclosure are three of the most talkative prospects which have direct effects towards sustainability. Private Commercial banking sector is one of the most popular and growing segments in Bangladesh. Governed and monitored by the Bangladesh Bank, those banks contribute highly towards national economy. As a result, various components of sustainability are effectively maintained by the banks. This paper shows how CG, CSR and IC disclosure affect the sustainable practice of the private commercial banking sector in Bangladesh. It also relates various components and shows ways to improve the sustainable practice in the banking sectors.
Study on the Management Pattern of Wenzhou Family Enterprises under Traditional Chinese Thoughts and Ideas
Authors: Li Chunxiao , Yao Jiahui
Published: September 2017

This paper studies the management model of typical Chinese family from the perspective of Chinese thought history, and defines the ideological and industrial advantages of its special management mode. From the perspective view of human resources, capital investment and product development, how to transform and upgrade the family management mode are discussed so as to adapt to the enterprise development during the Internet era.
Drying Kinetics of Sliced Pineapples in a Solar Conduction Dryer
Authors: Daud Luqman Ebow Ibn , Simate Isaac Nyambe
Published: September 2017

As a means of adding value to pineapple production and minimising post-harvest losses, sliced pineapples were dried using a Solar Conduction Dryer (SCD) and appropriate thin layer drying models to predict drying were developed whilst the performance of the SCD was also investigated. For the period of the experiment, ambient temperature and temperature in the dryer ranged from 24 to 37 °C and 25 to 46 ℃ respectively. The performance of the dryer was compared to open sun drying using pineapple slices of 3-5 mm in thickness where the slices were reduced from an average moisture content of 85.42 % (w.b.) to 12.23 % (w.b.) by the SCD and to 51.51 % (w.b.) by the open sun drying in 8 hours effective drying time. Pineapple slices of thicknesses 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm and 10 mm were simultaneously dried in the four drying chambers of the SCD and their drying curves simulated with twelve thin layer drying models. The Middilli model was found as the best fitted thin layer drying model for sliced pineapples. The optimum fraction of drying tray area that should be loaded with pineapples was also investigated by simultaneously loading 7 mm slices of pineapples at 50, 75, and 100 percent of drying tray area. Loading the slices at 50, 75 and 100 percent of drying tray area gave overall thermal efficiencies of 23, 32 and 44 percent, respectively, hence loading pineapple slices at 100 percent drying tray area was recommended as the best.
Role of Youth Associations in National Education and Extremist Intellectual Behavior Tendency of Jordanian Youth
Authors: Al-Tubasi Adnan M. , Jarrar Amani G.
Published: September 2017

This study aimed at identifying the role of Jordanian youth associations in spreading the national education and its relation to the tendency towards extremist intellectual behavior among a sample of Jordanian university students. The study population consists of (504) undergraduate students in the Jordanian universities, namely: Jordan University, Yarmouk University, Philadelphia University, and Al-Ahliyya Amman University. They were chosen in a deliberate manner. And have participations in activities organized by students' affairs deans in their universities. The reliability and validity of the study tool were verified. The results of the study showed that the role of the Jordanian youth associations in spreading the national education came within the intermediate level. The results also showed no statistically significant differences in the role of the Jordanian youth associations in spreading the national education according to the gender variable and the place of residence. There was also a strong correlation between the level of national education and the tendency towards intellectual extremism among Jordanian university students.
“ELIP-MARC” Activities via TPS of Cooperative Learning to Improve Student’s Mathematical Reasoning
Authors: Ulya Wisulah Titah , Purwanto Purwanto , Parta I Nengah , Mulyati Sri
Published: September 2017

The purpose of this study is to describe and generate interaction model of learning through Elip – Marc activity via TPS cooperative learning in order to improve student’s mathematical reasoning who have valid, practical and effective criteria. “Elip - Marc” is an acronym of eliciting, inserting, pressing, maintening, reflecting and confirming, an activity in the learning process have aim to improve student’s mathematical reasoning. So there are three types product are developed, namely: (1) The interaction learning model, as a conceptual framework and a reference in developing the supporting device. (2) The learning device, for carrying out teaching methods and to measure the practicality and effectiveness of the interaction model and (3) The research instrument to assess the quality of the model and the device. All products are Elip-Marc activity oriented and supported by worksheet with RAT (Reasonable Answer Test) format. All products are declared valid as constructs and content by expert validator. Practicality and effectiveness criteria of the product conducted in even cemester at 2014-2015 by implementation interaction model on eight grade students of ‘SMP Negeri 3 Kepanjen” Malang East Java, Indonesia on the material “Problem solving about three dimension spaces”. By Analysis of the teacher’s Elip-Marc activity and the response of student’s in the learning process obtained conclusions that interaction model is practical and effective, so can improve student’s mathematical reasoning as the intervention results in desired outcomes. So, If (1) the teacher is pleased to be patient and persistent engage students in the learning process through Elip-Marc activities, (2) and supported by the task of “word problems” challenging (3) and motivated by the question that digging (Prompting Questions) and guided (Probing Question), (4) and provide students the necessary scaffolding, (5) and provide space whorksheet adequate workplace, (5) and following the RAT steps, students were motivated to improve mathematical reasoning. However, the authors suggest that the results of this study can be adapted to the other materials in mathematics learning, and hope a lot of teacher willing to implement this model interaction.
Flavored Drink Production Using Broken Rice: Evaluation of Physical-Chemical Properties and Power Consumption of Industrial Stirring System
Authors: Marques Marcela G. , Pelissari Andrew , Coutinho Ana P. C. , Telascrea Marcelo , Antoniassi Beatriz , Chaves Marcia R. M.
Published: September 2017

The industrial rice processing generates, in average, 14% of broken grains called grits, which are not well accepted by consumers, representing large economic loss. Researches have been conducted to increase the use of rice by-products as well as their benefit. Among them, beverages are attracting the attention, being develop. To contribute to this field, this study aimed to prepare a non-alcoholic flavored drink from rice grits; evaluate the physical-chemical properties and evaluate de power consumption of stirring system for the drink industrial production. The drink production involved the cooking of the rice grits, followed by crushing, homogenization, filtration and flavorization in a stirring tank, obtaining the final product for consumption. The power consumption calculation for mixing tanks was evaluated in three different situations at 25ºC, considering the pre-defined tank design and the drink characteristics. Results based on the physicochemical characteristics indicate that the rice flavored drink is a food alternative to substitute milk or soy extract drinks. On the industrial production aspects, the increasing in the consumed energy to the small stirring variations was observed, and it needs to be considered to the stirring equipment design in the industrial process.
The Impact of Built Environment Characteristics on Energy Consumption Using Geographically Weighted Regression in Mashhad, Iran
Authors: Rezaeian Bita , Rahnama Mohammad Rahim , Javan Jafar , Kharazmi Omid Ali
Published: September 2017

Concerns over rising fuel consumption have prompted research into the influences of built environments on travel behavior. On the basis of data from origin-destination(OD) travel survey data of Mashhad (74287 trip data in 2011) and using Geographically Weighted Regression, socio-demographic characteristics, are shown to be strongly and positively associated with the fuel consumption per capita (car ownership elasticity=0.347878); we also found a positive association between distance to center and designs that are not pedestrian friendly with fuel consumption (average block size=0.147489, distance to center =0.334953) Although the study demonstrates a moderately strong negative elasticity between population density and the fuel consumption(population density = -0.259335). It suggests that the largest energy consumption reductions would come from creating compact communities which have land-use diversity and more walkable areas with pedestrian cycling infrastructure around all of the stations along transit lines.In order to enhance a sustainable urban plan, the socio-economic driving factors should be considered as one of the main element of energy consumption as well.
Differential effects of N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) on auxin control of swelling of the shoots of Bryophyllum calycinum Salisb.
Authors: Saniewski Marian , Góraj-Koniarska Justyna , Gabryszewska Eleonora , Miyamoto Kensuke , Ueda Junichi
Published: September 2017

The effects of N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) on the swelling of the stem in intact and decapitated plants of Bryophyllum calycinum in relation to the interaction with auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), are described. NPA induced conspicuous local internode swelling only in the area of its application in intact plants and in the decapitated internode in the case of simultaneous application of IAA on the top of the internode. By contrast, TIBA applied to an internode of intact plants induced swelling along the entire internode above the treatment area, and similar results were obtained in the decapitated internode when TIBA was applied in the middle of the internode and IAA was applied onto the top of the internode. The differential effect of NPA and TIBA on stem swelling in B. calycinum is discussed in relation to their differential mode of action on auxin transport.
The tales of two organic cation transporters, OCT-1 and OCT-2, in C. elegans
Authors: Ramotar Dindial
Published: September 2017

Solute carrier transporters, previously thought to perform roles in the transport of ions and various nutrients are now assigned broader functions. These transporters have recently been shown to permit entry of therapeutic drugs into cells. There is growing interest to understand the broad spectrum of drugs and chemical compounds that are recognized by these transporters such that specific ligands can be used as therapeutics to target definite physiological pathways. To facilitate this investigation, simpler and cost effective model systems are needed, one of such is the live whole model animal Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) that offers a multitude of advantages. In general, studies with C. elegans are feasible due to the simplicity of the readouts that include lifespan, brood size, germ cell death, and visualization by epifluorescent microscopy, which can be set up in any laboratory. In C. elegans, two solute carrier transporters, the organic cation transporters OCT-1 and its paralogue OCT-2 have been partially characterized. OCT-1 mutants display a significantly reduced lifespan and brood size, as well as exhibiting an increased susceptibility towards oxidative stress and a subset of DNA damaging agents. These multiple phenotypes are directly linked to OCT-1 depletion causing upregulation of OCT-2, as RNAi-mediated downregulation of OCT-2 rescues the oct-1 mutant phenotypes. Thus, in C. elegans OCT-1 exerts control onto OCT-2, and this latter transporter plays a predominant role in the uptake of various ligands. We first showed that OCT-2 can efficiently mediate uptake of the widely used anticancer drug doxorubicin into the animals, but prevented uptake upon its downregulation. Additional ligands of OCT-2 including cisplatin and camptothecin were revealed by ligand-docking prediction studies. These analyses generated docking scores indicating that OCT-2 can make robust contact with a number of therapeutics and anticancer drugs, as well as chemical compounds that possess the ability to target specific physiological pathways. Several of the compounds displaying high docking scores with OCT-2 were validated and indeed found to be substrates that OCT-2 transported into the animals. This review provides an insight how the transporters OCT-1 and OCT-2 of a simple model organism C. elegans can be exploited to report on the cytotoxicities and genotoxicities of therapeutic agents, as well as trace amounts of undocumented toxic compounds with neoplastic potentials that are present in the environment.
Planning Health Services for Seniors: Can We Use Patient’s Own Perception?
Authors: Figueiredo Sabrina , Rosenzveig Alicia , Morais Jose A. , Mayo Nancy E.
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to identify needs and to estimate whether self-reported health can be used as an indicator of service needs among seniors.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional survey. Age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression was used to estimate the link between functional status indicators and fair or poor self-reported health. Forward stepwise logistic regression was performed to identify the strongest contributors of poor health. Positive predictive value (PPV), sensitivity, and specificity were calculated to identify whether health perception could be used to identify people in need of physical rehabilitation services.Results142 seniors agreed to answer the survey, yielding a response rate of 73%. Among the respondents (mean age 79±7; 60% women), 40% rated their health as fair or poor. Seniors perceiving their health as fair or poor had higher odds of reporting impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions (OR ranging from 2.37 95%CI: 1.03-5-45 to 12.22 95%CI: 2.68-55.78) in comparison to those perceiving their health as good or better. The strongest contributors for poor/fair health were depression, difficulty performing household tasks, pain, and dizziness (c-statistic = 0.91 and a maximum adjusted r-squared of 0.60). Self-rated health used as singleitem showed a positive predictive value (PPV) of 1, sensitivity of 52%, and specificity of 100%.ConclusionOur results indicate that all seniors participating in this study and reporting fair or poor health have indicators of need for further rehabilitation services. Asking patients to rate their own health may be an alternate way of querying about need, as many older persons are afraid to report disability because of fear of further institutionalization.
Understanding How to Support Family Caregivers of Seniors with Complex Needs
Authors: Charles Lesley , Brémault-Phillips Suzette , Parmar Jasneet , Johnson Melissa , Sacrey Lori-Ann
Published: September 2017

Purpose of the StudyThe purpose of this study was to describe the experiences and challenges of supporting family caregivers of seniors with complex needs and to outline support strategies and research priorities aimed at supporting them.Design and MethodsA CIHR-funded, two-day conference entitled “Supporting Family Caregivers of Seniors: Improving Care and Caregiver Outcomes” was held. An integrated knowledge translation approach guided this planning conference. Day 1 included presentations of research evidence, followed by participant engagement Qualitative data was collected regarding facilitators, barriers/gaps, and recommendations for the provisionof caregiver supports. Day 2 focused on determination of research priorities.ResultsIdentified facilitators to the provision of caregiver support included accessibility of health-care and community-based resources, availability of well-intended health-care providers, and recognition of caregivers by the system. Barriers/gaps related to challenges with communication, access to information, knowledge of what is needed, system navigation, access to financial resources, and current policies. Recommendations regarding caregiver services and research revolved around assisting caregivers to self-identify and seek support, formalizing caregiver supports, centralizing resources, making system navigation available, and preparing the next generation for caregiving.Implication A better understanding of the needs of family caregivers and ways to support them is critical to seniors’ health services redesign.
Caring in the Information Age: Personal Online Networks to Improve Caregiver Support
Authors: Piraino Emily , Byrne Kerry , Heckman George A. , Stolee Paul
Published: September 2017

BackgroundIt is becoming increasingly important to find ways for caregivers and service providers to collaborate. This study explored the potential for improving care and social support through shared online network use by family caregivers and service providers in home care.Methods This qualitative study was guided by Rogers’ Theory of Diffusion of Innovations [NY: Free Press; 1995], and involved focus group and individual interviews of service providers (n = 31) and family caregivers (n = 4). Interview transcriptions were analyzed using descriptive, topic, and analytic coding, followed by thematic analysis.ResultsThe network was identified as presenting an opportunity to fill communication gaps presented by other modes of communication and further enhance engagement with families. Barriers included time limitations and policy-related restrictions, privacy, security, and information ownership.ConclusionOnline networks may help address longstanding home-care issues around communication and information-sharing. The success of online networks in home care requires support from care partners. Future research should pilot the use of online networks in home care using barrier and facilitator considerations from this study.
Can Geriatric Psychiatry Patients Complete Symptoms Self-Reports Using Tablets? A Randomized Study
Authors: Moussaoui Ghizlane , Yu Ching , Laliberté Vincent , Elie Dominique , Mahdanian Artin A. , Dawson Benjamin , Segal Marilyn , Looper Karl J. , Soham Rej
Published: September 2017

BackgroundWith our aging population and limited number of geriatric psychiatrists, innovations must be made in order to meet the growing demands for geriatric psychiatry services. Emerging technologies could greatly improve access to care and systematic data collection.MethodsThis randomized study compared completion rates and time to completion (primary outcomes) when using iPad technology vs. traditional paper forms to complete self-report psychiatric symptoms. Geriatric psychiatry outpatients (n = 72) and adult psychiatry inpatients (n = 50) were recruited to complete the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-53), the Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) questionnaires.ResultsGeriatric psychiatry outpatients completed the iPad and paper questionnaires at similar rates (91.7% vs. 97.2%, Fisher’s Exact p = .61). In two-way ANOVA, including patients aged ≥ 60 (n = 85), outpatient status (F(1,81) = 4.48, p = .037) and iPad format (F (1,81) = 8.96, p = .04) were associated with a shorter time to completion. The effect of questionnaire formats was especially prominent in the inpatient group on time to completion.ConclusionsOlder adults with mental illness demonstrate a similar ability to complete self-report questionnaires whether iPads or paper forms. iPad questionnaires may even require less time to complete in geriatric psychiatry inpatients. Patients also found iPad questionnaires to be easy to use and read. Tablets could potentially be used for psychiatric symptom assessment for clinical, research, and population health purposes.
CGS 37th Annual Scientific Meeting: Integrating Care, Making an Impact
Authors: Authors Various
Published: September 2017

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“Somebody Signed Me Up”: North Carolina Fourth-Graders’ Perceptions of Summer Reading Programs
Authors: Becnel Kim , Moeller Robin A. , Matzen Nita J.
Published: September 2017

The long-term goal of the researchers involved in this study is to discover methods that public libraries can use to improve their summer reading programs (SRP) and expand participation of students from traditionally underrepresented groups. This small pilot study was designed to answer some important preliminary questions: How do children decide whether or not to participate in SRPs? What motivates children to participate and what barriers might inhibit participation? Finally, what factors might motivate those who do not participate to take part?
Characterization of Elite Upland Cotton Genotypes for Earliness and Yield Traits
Authors: Shahnaz Memon  , Wajid Ali Jatoi  , Nasreen Fatima Veeser  , Nabila Kaleri  , Samreen Khanzada  , Nazia Kamboh  , Lubna Rajput
Published: September 2017

Short duration cotton genotypes increased the chances to harvest crop before cold and rainy weather conditions. However, earliness in cotton is a difficult character, which is assessed by determining many plant traits. The current experimental was conducted at Cotton Section, A.R.I. Tando Jam, during kharif season 2013. The eight cotton genotypes including CRIS-342, Sindh-I, Haridost, Malmal, Bt-121, Bt-3701, TS-501 and Shahbaz were sown i n randomized complete block design with four replications. In a total, seven quantitative traits were measured such as days to first flowering, node number to set first sympodial branch, node number to set first flowering, sympodial branch length (cm), sympodial branches plant-1, number of bolls plant-1, seed cotton yield plant-1(g). The mean squares from analysis of variances showed that genotypes differed significant (P 0.01) for all the studied traits, demonstrating a vast genetic variability in tested genotypes. The genotypes, Sindh-1, CRIS-342, Bt-121 and Bt-3701 were characterized as early maturing or short duration cotton varieties. However, the correlation between yield and earliness traits were best criteria for developing the short duration cotton yield varieties.
The FREEWAT platform for the assessment of water availability and quality
Authors: De Filippis Giovanna , Borsi Iacopo , Ghetta Matteo , Rossetto Rudy
Published: September 2017

Not available.
Does silvoagropecuary landscape fragmentation affect the genetic diversity of the sigmodontine rodentOligoryzomys longicaudatus?
Authors: Lazo-Cancino Daniela , Musleh Selim S. , Hernandez Cristian E. , Palma Eduardo , Rodriguez-Serrano Enrique
Published: September 2017

Background

Fragmentation of native forests is a highly visible result of human land-use throughout the world. In this study, we evaluated the effects of landscape fragmentation and matrix features on the genetic diversity and structure ofOligoryzomys longicaudatus,the natural reservoir of Hantavirus in southern South America. We focused our work in the Valdivian Rainforest where human activities have produced strong change of natural habitats, with an important number of human cases of Hantavirus.

Methods

We sampled specimens ofO. longicaudatusfrom five native forest patches surrounded by silvoagropecuary matrix from Panguipulli, Los Rios Region, Chile. Using the hypervariable domain I (mtDNA), we characterized the genetic diversity and evaluated the effect of fragmentation and landscape matrix on the genetic structure ofO. longicaudatus. For the latter, we used three approaches: (i) Isolation by Distance (IBD) as null model, (ii) Least-cost Path (LCP) where genetic distances between patch pairs increase with cost-weighted distances, and (iii) Isolation by Resistance (IBR) where the resistance distance is the average number of steps that is needed to commute between the patches during a random walk.

Results

We found low values of nucleotide diversity (π) for the five patches surveyed, ranging from 0.012 to 0.015, revealing that the 73 sampled specimens of this study belong to two populations but with low values of genetic distance (γST) ranging from 0.022 to 0.099. Likewise, we found that there are no significant associations between genetic distance and geographic distance for IBD and IBR. However, we found for the LCP approach, a significant positive relationship (r = 0.737,p = 0.05), with shortest least-cost paths traced through native forest and arborescent shrublands.

Discussion

In this work we found that, at this reduced geographical scale, Oligoryzomys longicaudatusshows genetic signs of fragmentation. In addition, we found that connectivity between full growth native forest remnants is mediated by the presence of dense shrublands and native forest corridors. In this sense, our results are important because they show how native forest patches and associated routes act as source of vector species in silvoagropecuary landscape, increasing the infection risk on human population. This study is the first approach to understand the epidemiological spatial context of silvoagropecuary risk of Hantavirus emergence. Further studies are needed to elucidate the effects of landscape fragmentation in order to generate new predictive models based on vector intrinsic attributes and landscape features.
Growth of hybrid open access, 2009–2016
Authors: Björk Bo-Christer
Published: September 2017

Hybrid Open Access is an intermediate form of OA, where authors pay scholarly publishers to make articles freely accessible within journals, in which reading the content otherwise requires a subscription or pay-per-view. Major scholarly publishers have in recent years started providing the hybrid option for the vast majority of their journals. Since the uptake usually has been low per journal and scattered over thousands of journals, it has been very difficult to obtain an overview of how common hybrid articles are. This study, using the results of earlier studies as well as a variety of methods, measures the evolution of hybrid OA over time. The number of journals offering the hybrid option has increased from around 2,000 in 2009 to almost 10,000 in 2016. The number of individual articles has in the same period grown from an estimated 8,000 in 2009 to 45,000 in 2016. The growth in article numbers has clearly increased since 2014, after some major research funders in Europe started to introduce new centralized payment schemes for the article processing charges (APCs).
Níveis séricos elevados de ácido araquidônico em indivíduos com periodontite crônica
Authors: Nogueira Fernanda Luiza Alves , Brito Fernanda , Martinez Gisele Lago , Fischer Ricardo Guimarães , Figueredo Carlos Marcelo
Published: September 2017

Introdução: Ácidos graxos poli-insaturados estão sendo considerados uma valiosa abordagem para tratar as doenças periodontais. Objetivo: avaliar níveis plasmáticos dos ácidos: docosahexaenóico (DHA), eicosapentaenoico (EPA), docosapentanóico (DPA) e do ácido araquidônico (AA) em pacientes com periodontite crônica generalizada moderada e comparar com os níveis de pacientes que tinham apenas gengivite. Metodologia: Foram avaliados 10 indivíduos adultos com periodontite crônica (média de idade 42,5 ± 6,6 anos; 8 mulheres) e 10 indivíduos com gengivite (média de idade 32,8 ± 8,5 anos; 8 mulheres). O exame periodontal incluiu: índice de placa visível; índice de sangramento gengival, profundidade de sondagem, perda de inserção clínica e recessão gengival. Coleta de 20 ml de sangue após 12 horas de jejum foi realizada para avaliar os níveis de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados. Foram utilizados os testes estáticos T de Student e o qui quadrado. O nível de significância foi determinado em 5 % (p< 0.05). O programa SPSS 15.0 foi utilizado para a análise dos dados. Resultados: Os pacientes com periodontite apresentavam níveis significativamente mais altos de AA (1017,3 ±327,5mcmol/1) quando comparados aos indivíduos apenas com gengivite (609,0 ±257,2) (p<0,01). Em ambos os grupos as proporções AA/DPA e AA/EPA estavam mais altas do que a razão recomendada de 10:1, sugerindo que indivíduos com gengivite e periodontite apresentavam um desequilíbrio entre os ácidos ômega 3 e 6, o que pode prejudicar a resolução da inflamação nesses indivíduos. Conclusão: Esse estudo piloto demonstrou que indivíduos com periodontite crônica generalizada moderada apresentaram níveis plasmáticos mais elevados de AA do que indivíduos que tinham apenas gengivite. Os níveis plasmáticos de DHA, EPA e DPA foram similares entre os dois grupos avaliados.
Características clínicas dos linfonodos estão relacionadas com a invasão do carcinoma em pele de camundongos
Authors: Severo Mara Luana Batista , Carmo Elaine Dias do , Rosa Luis Eduardo Blumer , Dias da Silva Marco Antonio , Pereira Andresa Costa
Published: September 2017

Introdução: Na carcinogênese em pele de camundongos hairless, as lesões neoplásicas produzidas são semelhantes às da pele humana, permitindo analisar de forma mais padronizada e criteriosa as características clinicopatológicas da lesão. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre a presença clínica de linfonodos infartados e as características histopatológicas de diferenciação celular, padrão e estágio de invasão de lesões de carcinoma espinocelular quimicamente induzido na pele de camundongos hairless. Metodologia: Quarenta camundongos hairless foram submetidos à carcinogênese química (DMBA 0,5%) induzida em pele, durante 16 semanas.Na 17ª semana, os animais foram fotografados (para posterior avaliação clinica quanto à presença de linfonodos infartados) e as lesões foram biopsiadas para avaliação histopatológica quanto à diferenciação celular, o padrão e o estágio de invasão, seguida, da tabulação dos dados e análise estatística. Resultados: Observou-se que a invasão mais profunda da lesão (em hipoderme e camada muscular) foi observada apenas nos animais com linfonodos infartados e que todos os animais com linfonodos normais, apresentaram invasão apenas da derme (p = 0,005). Ademais, quando os linfonodos apresentaram volume normal, não existiu uma associação com lesões em pele bem diferenciadas. Esses dados mostram a tendência ao bom prognóstico de casos sem comprometimento linfonodal de carcinomas em pele de camundongos, estando de acordo com estudos em humanos. Conclusão: Há uma relação da presença clínica de linfonodos infartados com a invasão profunda de lesões de carcinoma espinocelular quimicamente induzido na pele de camundongos hairless.
Fatores de risco do baixo peso ao nascer nos municípios de Juazeiro (BA) e Petrolina (PE)
Authors: Figueiredo Ana Claudia Morais Godoy , Da Cruz Simone Seixas , Gomes-Filho Isaac Suzart , Souza Luise Maria , Passos-Soares Johelle De Santana , Orrico Géssica Santana , Batista Josicélia Estrela Tuy
Published: September 2017

Introdução: O baixo peso ao nascer, conforme a Organização Mundial de Saúde, é caracterizado como peso inferior a 2500 gramas. O evento em questão é considerado um importante determinante da morbimortalidade infantil no Brasil e no mundo, além de predispor a criança a infecções, retardo de crescimento, déficit neuropsicológico pós-natal e baixo desempenho escolar. Objetivo: avaliar a associação entre características maternas e baixo peso ao nascer. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma investigação do tipo caso-controle, em dois hospitais nos municípios vizinhos, Petrolina (PE) e Juazeiro (BA). O tamanho da amostra foi de 588 puérperas, sendo 136 do grupo caso (mulheres com filhos de baixo peso) e 452 do grupo controle (mães de filhos com peso normal). Nos procedimentos de análise de dados avaliou-se distribuição das variáveis, empregando-se o teste qui-quadrado, ao nível de significância de 5%. Este trabalho tem aprovação do Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da UEFS. Resultados: Houve associação entre ocupação materna durante a gestação (p = 0,04), nível de escolaridade paterna (p = 0,01), raça/cor da mãe (p = 0,00), município de procedência (p = 0,01), idade materna (p = 0,00), número de consultas pré-natal (p = 0,00), presença do cartão da gestante no parto (p = 0,00), número de consultas realizadas pelo profissional médico (p = 0,04), número de gestações (p = 0,01) e idade gestacional (p = 0,00) com o desfecho investigado. Conclusão: Os achados reafirmam que é de suma importância à realização de assistência pré-natal de qualidade, desenvolvendo maiores esforços para identificar os fatores associados ao baixo peso ao nascer, tendo em vista a redução da ocorrência dessa condição gestacional indesejável.
Avaliação da força muscular manual em indivíduos frequentadores de um grupo de convivência
Authors: Pestana Manuella Castro Silva , Oliveira Juliana Leal de , Mendes Carlos Maurício Cardeal
Published: September 2017

Introdução: a avaliação da força de preensão manual vem sendo descrita como um marcador do estado de saúde geral do indivíduo além de ser uma ferramenta simples e de baixo custo. Objetivos: avaliar a força muscular manual em indivíduos frequentadores de um grupo de convivência e identificar a correlação entre a força muscular manual e medidas antropométricas como: circunferência abdominal e IMC. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo seccional, em indivíduos de ambos os sexos, com idade até 60 anos, frequentadores de um grupo de convivência, por amostra não probabilística. Foram coletados o peso e a altura para obtenção da medida do índice de massa corpórea (IMC). A medida da circunferência abdominal (CA) foi coletada com uma fita métrica inelástica e, finalmente, avaliada a força de preensão manual na mão direita e esquerda utilizando o dinamômetro. Resultados: foram avaliados 23 indivíduos, sendo a maioria deles do sexo feminino 14/9 (60,9%), de meia-idade, sobrepeso e CA alterada, com média (DP) da força muscular da mão direita e esquerda, respectivamente, 26,5 (5,8) Kjf e 22,9 (6,9) Kjf. Na presença de CA alterada, houve média (DP) de força muscular manual direita, 24,6 (4,6) Kjf e, esquerda, 20,6 (4,9) Kjf mais reduzida do que CA normal. A medida da diferença das médias padronizadas (DMP) foi de 1,22 em relação à força de preensão manual à direita e circunferência abdominal e, à esquerda, foi de 1,29.  Pouca diferença foi observada na força muscular à direita, 26,6 (6,3) Kjf, e à esquerda, 22,3 (7,3) Kjf, quando o IMC esteve alterado ao ser comparado à IMC normal. A DMP foi de 0,14 em relação à força de preensão manual à direita e ao IMC, e, para o lado esquerdo, foi de 0,24. Conclusão: a dinamometria apresenta-se como um importante instrumento de avaliação do estado geral de saúde e, além disso, quando aplicada em conjunto com o IMC e a CA, pode sugerir comprometimento do sistema musculoesquelético e cardiovascular.  
Associação entre flexibilidade da cadeia muscular posterior e severidade de disfunção temporomandibular
Authors: Nunes Achilles Motta , Martinez Eduardo Martinez , Lopes Paulo Raimundo Rosário , Bittencourt Marcos Alan Vieira , Canedo Paula Mathias De Morais
Published: September 2017

Introdução: a cabeça é um dos fatores determinantes da posição do corpo durante o desenvolvimento da postura humana, caracterizada pelo equilíbrio entre as estruturas de suporte, envolvendo mínimo esforço e sobrecarga com máxima eficiência. As disfunções temporomandibulares (DTM’s) são condições multifatoriais e, muitas vezes, estão relacionadas à má postura. A atividade alterada da musculatura mastigatória, comum nas DTM’s, interfere nos músculos de contra apoio, levando ao encurtamento dos músculos posteriores cervicais e consequente desequilíbrio postural do crânio. Objetivo: verificar a associação entre flexibilidade da cadeia posterior e severidade das DTM’s. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo observacional, em corte transversal, em uma amostra não probabilística de universitários entre 18 e 50 anos. Após assinatura do TCLE, os voluntários responderam ao Questionário Anamnésico de Fonseca e, em seguida, foram submetidos ao teste de flexibilidade do Banco de Wells, com e sem calço molar, em máxima intercuspidação habitual. Resultados: foram avaliados 57 voluntários com idade média de 21 anos, sendo oito do sexo masculino e 49, do feminino. Verificou-se o predomínio de DTM leve, seguido de DTM moderada, ausência de DTM e DTM severa. Foi verificado, ainda, que a flexibilidade da cadeia posterior aumentou em todos os indivíduos quando realizado teste com o calço molar. A diferença das médias nos testes foi maior no grupo DTM moderada seguida de DMT severa, sem DTM e DTM leve. Conclusão: houve maior prevalência de DTM’s do tipo leve, assim como associação entre flexibilidade da cadeia muscular posterior e grau de severidade das DTM’s. Já os voluntários com DTM moderada apresentaram maior diferença entre as médias nos testes do que indivíduos com outros graus de severidade.
Ocorrência do bullying entre alunos de uma escola pública do município de Salvador, Brasil
Authors: Nova Igor Souza Vila , Sena Claudia Luísa , Oliveira Irismar Reis de
Published: September 2017

Introdução: o bullying ocorre entre 5% e 35% dos escolares, gerando prejuízos imediatos e duradouros. Objetivo: verificar a frequência do bullying numa escola pública municipal de Salvador. Metodologia: estudo sobre a ocorrência de agressões entre estudantes, através de questionários aplicados em 348 escolares, com idades entre 10 e 17 anos, no contexto de um estudo oferecendo treinamento baseado na Terapia Cognitiva Processual. O estudo restringiu-se à forma direta do bullying. Resultados: mm total de 63% da amostra reportou envolvimento moderado ou frequente com o bullying, como agressor (22,6%), como vítima (29,5%) ou como agressor-vítima (10,9%). Os alunos do sexo masculino estão mais envolvidos com a forma direta da agressão do que os do sexo feminino. A frequência do bullying foi maior entre os alunos do 6º e 7º anos escolares do que entre alunos do 8º e 9º anos. Conclusão: a violência apresentou alta ocorrência na escola, assim como os agressores. A dinâmica da violência em cada contexto escolar e a ausência de critérios específicos sobre o fenômeno podem prejudicar a identificação do bullying e a comparação entre os diversos estudos.
DISPOSITIVO PARA ESVAZIAMENTO AUTOMÁTICO DO RESERVATÓRIO DE DESCARTE DE ÁGUA DE CHUVA
Authors: Dalsasso Ramon Lucas , Sens Maurício Luiz , Guedes Tiago Lemos
Published: September 2017

A reconhecida importância e o potencial de aproveitamento da água de chuva têm motivado, em vários países, pesquisas sobre os componentes do sistema de aproveitamento desse recurso, dentre eles, o sistema de descarte da água de chuva inicial. O volume descartado, armazenado em reservatório, precisa ser esvaziado após um tempo, em função do regime de chuvas, para garantir a qualidade da água enviada para a cisterna. Neste trabalho, foi avaliado, em sistema piloto, o desempenho de um dispositivo com descarga por orifício, para esvaziamento automático do reservatório de descarte, considerando aspectos hidráulicos e hidrológicos no dimensionamento do mesmo. O dispositivo foi concebido para aplicação em reservatórios de descarte com volume entre 100 e 2.000 L. Foi instalado no reservatório de descarte um medidor eletrônico, para registrar o nível de água em intervalos de meia hora. Os resultados mostram que o dispositivo funcionou sem obstruções do orifício durante o período de monitoramento. O tempo de esvaziamento do reservatório foi sempre superior a 24 horas, confirmando o dimensionamento proposto.
PERCEPÇÃO DOS PROFESSORES SOBRE USOS DA ÁGUA DE CHUVA EM FEIRA DE SANTANA-BAHIA
Authors: Ribeiro Santos Juliana Furtado , Cohim Eduardo Henrique Borges , De Lima Carlos César Uchoa
Published: September 2017

A água está cada vez mais escassa, sendo imprescindível a utilização de fontes alternativas, cuja aceitação pública depende para ser implementada. Este trabalho analisou a percepção de professores do ensino médio da rede pública de Feira de Santana sobre usos e aceitação de água de chuva como fonte alternativa de abastecimento na cidade. Para o desenvolvimento desta análise, levou-se em consideração o perfil socioeconômico dos participantes da pesquisa, usos da água de chuva, declarações de mudanças de hábitos e forma de abordagem da temática em sala de aula. No método utilizado, 372 professores responderam um questionário relacionado ao tema. Os resultados apontam que a água de chuva teve boa aceitação para os fins não nobres e baixa aceitação para os fins nobres. Entretanto, após filtração ocorreu inversão das percepções. Os professores declararam que mudanças no comportamento com relação ao uso da água são necessárias para a manutenção das fontes naturais. Por fim, percebe-se que a temática deve ser contextualizada nas escolas de forma multidisciplinar, com o intuito de despertar a consciência ambiental dos estudantes.
GRP78 protects a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 against protein‐disulfide isomerase A6 catalyzed inactivation
Authors: Schäfer Miriam , Granato Daniela C. , Krossa Sebastian , Bartels Anne‐Kathrin , Yokoo Sami , Düsterhöft Stefan , Koudelka Tomas , Scheidig Axel J. , Tholey Andreas , Paes Leme Adriana F. , Grötzinger Joachim , Lorenzen Inken
Published: September 2017

The shedding of ectodomains is a crucial mechanism in many physiological and pathological events. A disintegrin and metalloprotease‐17 (ADAM17) is a key sheddase involved in essential processes, such as development, regeneration, and immune defense. ADAM17 exists in two conformations which differ in their disulfide connection in the membrane‐proximal domain (MPD). Protein‐disulfide isomerases (PDIs) on the cell surface convert the open MPD into a rigid closed form, which corresponds to inactive ADAM17. ADAM17 is expressed in its open activatable form in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and consequently must be protected against ER‐resident PDI activity. Here, we show that the chaperone 78‐kDa glucose‐regulated protein (GRP78) protects the MPD against PDI‐dependent disulfide‐bond isomerization by binding to this domain and, thereby, preventing ADAM17 inhibition.
Whistler Mode Waves Below Lower Hybrid Resonance Frequency: Generation and Spectral Features
Authors: Shklyar D. R. , Balikhin M. A.
Published: September 2017

Equatorial noise in the frequency range below the lower hybrid resonance frequency, whose structure is shaped by high proton cyclotron harmonics, has been observed by the Cluster spacecraft. We develop a model of this wave phenomenon which assumes (as, in general, has been suggested long ago) that the observed spectrum is excited due to loss cone instability of energetic ions in the equatorial region of the magnetosphere. The wavefield is represented as a sum of constant frequency wave packets which cross a number of cyclotron resonances while propagating in a highly oblique mode along quite specific trajectories. The growth (damping) rate of these wave packets varies both in sign and magnitude along the raypath, making the wave net amplification, but not the growth rate, the main characteristic of the wave generation process. The growth rates and the wave amplitudes along the ray paths, determined by the equations of geometrical optics, have been calculated for a 3‐D set of wave packets with various frequencies, initial L shells, and initial wave normal angles at the equator. It is shown that the dynamical spectrum resulting from the proposed model qualitatively matches observations.