bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Efficacy of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy Compared with Compression Therapy in Healing Venous Leg Ulcers
Authors: Dolibog Paweł T. , Dolibog Patrycja , Bergler-Czop Beata , Grzegorczyn Sławomir , Chmielewska Daria
Published: April 2024

Background: Innovative methods of physical therapy delivered via modern medical devices have significantly extended the possibility of applying conservative treatments in healing venous leg ulcers. The primary objective of this study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of selected mechanical physical therapies (intermittent pneumatic compression vs. radial extracorporeal shockwave vs. focal extracorporeal shockwave) vs. standard care in the treatment of venous leg ulcers over a 4-week period. Materials: This study included 69 patients, comprising 45 females (65%) and 24 males (35%), with a mean age of 67.1 ± 8.6 years (range: from 52.0 to 80.0 years). Methods: The patients were allocated into four groups: the IPC group was treated with intermittent pneumatic compression therapy, the R-ESWT group was treated with radial extracorporeal shockwave therapy, the F-ESWT group was treated with focal extracorporeal shockwave therapy, and the SC group was treated with standard care. Results: After one month of therapy, the median percentage decrease in wound total surface area after treatment was as follows: in the IPC group, there was a 52.9% decrease (range: 3.3–100%); in the R-ESWT group, there was a 31.6% decrease (range: 2.4–95.8%); in the F-ESWT group, there was an 18.0% decrease (range: 1.9–76.1%); and in the SC group, there was a 16.0% decrease (range: 1.5–45.8%). Conclusions: All the studied therapies caused a statistically significant reduction in the surface area of venous leg ulcers. The best results were observed with the intermittent pneumatic compression, while the radial and focal extracorporeal shockwave therapies appeared less effective. The standard care alone turned out to be the least effective. Our results did not show statistically significant changes in the values of RBC deformability at the investigated shear rates.
A Comprehensive Numerical Study of a Wedge-Shaped Textured Convergent Oil Film Gap
Authors: Scharf Raphael , Maier Michael , Pusterhofer Michael , Grün Florian
Published: April 2024

The modification of surface geometries to reduce friction is an omnipresent topic of research. In nature, different low-friction surfaces, such as fish skins, exist. To transfer this knowledge to technical applications, for example, to journal or plain bearings, many numerical and experimental studies of textured surfaces have been performed. In this work, the influence of the geometric parameters (texture length l, width b, angle α and start position xstart) of a wedge-shaped texture on three different convergent oil film gaps was analyzed in full-film lubrication and compared with untextured oil film gaps. With the aid of a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) model, a comprehensive variation study was conducted, and the best-performing wedge-shaped texture was determined. The results show that an open texture at the inlet provides the largest improvement. Furthermore, it can be observed that the optimal relative texture width and absolute inlet height for the three investigated oil film gaps are similar. In contrast to the volume flow of the untextured geometry, the volume flow of the textured one is significantly higher, especially that perpendicular to the movement direction.
Biomechanical Fatigue Behavior of a Dental Implant Due to Chewing Forces: A Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Martinez-Mondragon Miguel , Urriolagoitia-Sosa Guillermo , Romero-Ángeles Beatriz , García-Laguna Miguel Angel , Laguna-Canales Aldo Saul , Pérez-Partida Juan Carlos , Mireles-Hernández Jonatan , Carrasco-Hernández Francisco , Urriolagoitia-Calderón Guillermo Manuel
Published: April 2024

The use of titanium as a biomaterial for the treatment of dental implants has been successful and has become the most viable and common option. However, in the last three decades, new alternatives have emerged, such as polymers that could replace metallic materials. The aim of this research work is to demonstrate the structural effects caused by the fatigue phenomenon and the comparison with polymeric materials that may be biomechanically viable by reducing the stress shielding effect at the bone–implant interface. A numerical simulation was performed using the finite element method. Variables such as Young’s modulus, Poisson’s coefficient, density, yield strength, ultimate strength, and the S-N curve were included. Prior to the simulation, a representative digital model of both a dental implant and the bone was developed. A maximum load of 550 N was applied, and the analysis was considered linear, homogeneous, and isotropic. The results obtained allowed us to observe the mechanical behavior of the dental implant by means of displacements and von Mises forces. They also show the critical areas where the implant tends to fail due to fatigue. Finally, this type of non-destructive analysis proves to be versatile, avoids experimentation on people and/or animals, and reduces costs, and the iteration is unlimited in evaluating various structural parameters (geometry, materials, properties, etc.).
Heat-Transfer Properties of Additively Manufactured Aluminum Lattice Structures in Combination with Phase Change Material
Authors: Voigt Immanuel , Schmerler Rico , Korn Hannes , Drossel Welf-Guntram
Published: April 2024

Compared to sensible heat storage, latent heat storage provides higher energy density due to the enthalpy difference of the storage medium undergoing a phase change. However, the heat storage capability of phase change materials is opposed by low thermal conductivity. To enable sufficient heat transfer within a latent heat storage unit, phase change materials can be used in combination with a metallic matrix. One approach is the infiltration of phase change materials into additively manufactured metallic lattice structures. In this work, the fabrication of aluminum lattice structures through laser powder bed fusion is described. During fabrication, the cell size and the strut diameter were varied to obtain specimens of different geometries. To obtain the thermal conductivity of the fabricated lattices, measurements were conducted based on the transient plane source method. Additionally, finite element simulations were carried out to evaluate the effect of fabrication and measurement uncertainties. The thermal conductivity of the fabricated lattices was found to be between 3 W/(m·K) and 130 W/(m·K). The numerically and analytically performed calculations provide good estimations of the experimentally obtained data.
The Integrated Preparation of Porous Tungsten Gradient Materials with a Wide Porosity Range
Authors: Zhu Ke , Jia Hao , Huang Jin , Zhang Jian
Published: April 2024

Porous tungsten gradient materials with ordered gradient variations in pore size have significant application value in the field of vacuum electronic devices. This work combines tape casting and dealloying methods to achieve the integrated preparation of porous tungsten gradient materials with a wide range of controllable porosity. The study focused on the phase composition and microstructure evolution during the preparation of porous tungsten gradient materials. The results show that the tape casting process allows for the precise and controllable thickness of each layer of the porous tungsten materials and uniform composition structure, while the stepwise dealloying of Fe and Ti enables a wide range of controllable porosity for the porous tungsten gradient materials. PVB, after thermal decomposition, provides a carbon source for the in situ reaction to form W-Fe-C compounds, and the surface diffusion behavior of W-Fe-C compounds at high temperatures improves the stratification of the porous tungsten gradient materials. This work provides a design concept for the integrated preparation of porous metal gradient materials.
The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Philip Mani Arshilin , Balasubramanian Balamuralikrishnan , Mali Linsha A. , Joseph Kadanthottu Sebastian , Meyyazhagan Arun , Pappuswamy Manikantan , Joseph Biljo V.
Published: April 2024

The human gut has a rich and dynamic microbial population that plays an important role in many physiological activities. This review explores the complex interaction between the gut microbiota and human health, with an emphasis on its effect on neurodegenerative illnesses. The makeup of the gut microbiome and its impact on brain function through the gut–brain axis is highlighted. Dysbiosis, characterized by changes in the gut microbiota’s composition, has been linked to the development of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. A Bidirectional communication between the stomach and the brain takes place via a variety of channels, including neurotransmitters and metabolites generated by gut bacteria. We investigate the processes through which dysbiosis causes neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal damage, which drive disease development. Potential therapeutic approaches that focus on the gut microbiota, such as antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, are reviewed, with promising preclinical and clinical findings. Overall, this study emphasizes the relevance of gut microbiota to neurodegenerative illnesses, as well as the need to understand and target the gut-brain axis for future treatment options.
Metal-Based Nanomaterials for the Sensing of NSAIDS
Authors: Quddus Farah , Shah Afzal , Ullah Naimat , Shah Iltaf
Published: April 2024

Cadmium sulfide and zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared, characterized and used as electrode modifiers for the sensing of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): naproxen and mobic. The structural and morphological characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles was carried out by XRD, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR and scanning electron microscopy. The electrode’s enhanced surface area facilitated the signal amplification of the selected NSAIDs. The CdS-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) enhanced the electro-oxidation signals of naproxen to four times that of the bare GCE, while the ZnO-modified GCE led to a two-fold enhancement in the electro-oxidation signals of mobic. The oxidation of both NSAIDs occurred in a pH-dependent manner, suggesting the involvement of protons in their electron transfer reactions. The experimental conditions for the sensing of naproxen and mobic were optimized and, under optimized conditions, the modified electrode surface demonstrated the qualities of sensitivity and selectivity, and a fast responsiveness to the target NSAIDs.
A Dual-Channel MoS2-Based Selective Gas Sensor for Volatile Organic Compounds
Authors: Kuş Esra , Altındemir Gülay , Bostan Yusuf Kerem , Taşaltın Cihat , Erol Ayse , Wang Yue , Sarcan Fahrettin
Published: April 2024

Significant progress has been made in two-dimensional material-based sensing devices over the past decade. Organic vapor sensors, particularly those using graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides as key components, have demonstrated excellent sensitivity. These sensors are highly active because all the atoms in the ultra-thin layers are exposed to volatile compounds. However, their selectivity needs improvement. We propose a novel gas-sensing device that addresses this challenge. It consists of two side-by-side sensors fabricated from the same active material, few-layer molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), for detecting volatile organic compounds like alcohol, acetone, and toluene. To create a dual-channel sensor, we introduce a simple step into the conventional 2D material sensor fabrication process. This step involves treating one-half of the few-layer MoS₂ using ultraviolet–ozone (UV-O3) treatment. The responses of pristine few-layer MoS₂ sensors to 3000 ppm of ethanol, acetone, and toluene gases are 18%, 3.5%, and 49%, respectively. The UV-O3-treated few-layer MoS₂-based sensors show responses of 13.4%, 3.1%, and 6.7%, respectively. This dual-channel sensing device demonstrates a 7-fold improvement in selectivity for toluene gas against ethanol and acetone. Our work sheds light on understanding surface processes and interaction mechanisms at the interface between transition metal dichalcogenides and volatile organic compounds, leading to enhanced sensitivity and selectivity.
Beyond One-Size-Fits-All: Tailoring Teicoplanin Regimens for Normal Renal Function Patients Using Population Pharmacokinetics and Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Kim Yong-Kyun , Jo Kyeong-Min , Lee Jae-Ha , Jang Ji-Hoon , Choe Eun-Jun , Kang Gaeun , Zang Dae-Young , Lee Dong-Hwan
Published: April 2024

In patients with normal renal function, significant teicoplanin dose adjustments are often necessary. This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model for teicoplanin in healthy adults and use it to recommend optimal dosage regimens for patients with normal renal function. PK samples were obtained from 12 subjects and analyzed using a population approach. The derived parameters informed Monte Carlo simulations for dosing recommendations. The PK profile was best described using a three-compartment model, in which the estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated via the CKD-EPI equation and adjusted for body surface area was identified as a significant covariate affecting total clearance. For pathogens with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 mg/L, a loading dose (LD) of 14 mg/kg administered every 12 h for four doses, followed by a maintenance dose (MD) of 16 mg/kg administered every 24 h, is recommended. These findings indicate the need for dosage adjustments, such as increasing the LD and MD or decreasing the dosing interval of MD in patients with normal renal function. Because of the long half-life of teicoplanin and the requirement for long-term administration, therapeutic drug monitoring at strategic intervals is important to avoid nephrotoxicity associated with elevated trough concentrations.
Morphological and Genetic Characterization of Maize Landraces Adapted to Marginal Hills in North-West Italy
Authors: Di Pasquale Giovanni Maria , Stagnati Lorenzo , Lezzi Alessandra , Lanubile Alessandra , Marocco Adriano , Rossi Graziano , Busconi Matteo
Published: April 2024

The growing interest in maize landraces over the past two decades has led to the need to characterize the Italian maize germplasm. In Italy, hundreds of maize landraces have been developed, but only a few of them have been genetically characterized, and even fewer are currently employed in agriculture or for breeding purposes. In the present study, 13 maize landraces of the west Emilia-Romagna region were morphologically and genetically characterized. These accessions were sampled in 1954 from three provinces, Modena, Parma, and Piacenza, during the characterization project of Italian maize landraces. The morphological characterization of these 13 accessions was performed according to the UPOV protocol CPVO/TP2/3, examining 34 phenotypic traits. A total of 820 individuals were genotyped with 10 SSR markers. The genetic characterization revealed 74 different alleles, a FST mean value of 0.13, and a Nm mean of 1.73 over all loci. Moreover, AMOVA analysis disclosed a low degree of differentiation among accessions, with only 13% of genetic variability found between populations, supporting PCoA analysis results, where the first two coordinates explained only 16% of variability. Structure analysis, supported by PCoA, showed that only four accessions were clearly distinguished for both K = 4 and 6. Italian landraces can be useful resources to be employed in maize breeding programs for the development of new varieties, adapted to different environmental conditions, in order to increase crop resilience and expand the maize cultivation area.
Main Poisonous and Allergenic Plant Species in Sicilian Gardens and Parks: Applications and Recommendations for Use
Authors: Domina Gianniantonio , Di Gristina Emilio , Barone Giulio
Published: April 2024

This study identified the most common poisonous and allergenic plants occurring in Sicilian gardens and parks. Based on a survey conducted at 100 sites, a list was drawn up that reports the main biological and toxicological characteristics and ornamental uses of these plants. A total of 137 taxa were recorded, of which 108 were poisonous and 32 were allergenic. The most represented families were the Solanaceae, Moraceae, Apocynaceae and Fabaceae. The most represented geographical contingents were the European and the Mediterranean. A large number of toxic and allergenic plants recorded in Sicilian parks and gardens cause gastrointestinal disorders, 21 of which are deadly poisonous. Based on the results, actions for the management of existing gardens and the construction of new ones are discussed. The importance of environmental education for the population starting from school age is stressed. These recommendations aim to preserve cultivated biodiversity and, at the same time, protect human and pet health.
Utilizing Polarization Diversity in GBSAR Data-Based Object Classification
Authors: Turčinović Filip , Kačan Marin , Bojanjac Dario , Bosiljevac Marko , Šipuš Zvonimir
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the development of intelligent sensor systems has experienced remarkable growth, particularly in the domain of microwave and millimeter wave sensing, thanks to the increased availability of affordable hardware components. With the development of smart Ground-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar (GBSAR) system called GBSAR-Pi, we previously explored object classification applications based on raw radar data. Building upon this foundation, in this study, we analyze the potential of utilizing polarization information to improve the performance of deep learning models based on raw GBSAR data. The data are obtained with a GBSAR operating at 24 GHz with both vertical (VV) and horizontal (HH) polarization, resulting in two matrices (VV and HH) per observed scene. We present several approaches demonstrating the integration of such data into classification models based on a modified ResNet18 architecture. We also introduce a novel Siamese architecture tailored to accommodate the dual input radar data. The results indicate that a simple concatenation method is the most promising approach and underscore the importance of considering antenna polarization and merging strategies in deep learning applications based on radar data.
Discussion and Demonstration of RF-MEMS Attenuators Design Concepts and Modules for Advanced Beamforming in the Beyond-5G and 6G Scenario—Part 1
Authors: Tagliapietra Girolamo , Giacomozzi Flavio , Michelini Massimiliano , Marcelli Romolo , Sardi Giovanni Maria , Iannacci Jacopo
Published: April 2024

This paper describes different variants of broadband and simple attenuator modules for beamforming applications, based on radio frequency micro electro-mechanical systems (RF-MEMS), framed within coplanar waveguide (CPW) structures. The modules proposed in the first part of this work differ in their actuation voltage, topology, and desired attenuation level. Fabricated samples of basic 1-bit attenuation modules, characterized by a moderate footprint of 690 × 1350 µm2 and aiming at attenuation levels of −2, −3, and −5 dB in the 24.25–27.5 GHz range, are presented in their variants featuring both low actuation voltages (5–9 V) as well as higher values (~45 V), the latter ones ensuring larger mechanical restoring force (and robustness against stiction). Beyond the fabrication non-idealities that affected the described samples, the substantial agreement between simulations and measurement outcomes proved that the proposed designs could provide precise attenuation levels up to 40 GHz, ranging up to nearly −3 dB and −5 dB for the series and shunt variants, respectively. Moreover, they could be effective building blocks for future wideband and reconfigurable RF-MEMS attenuators. In fact, in the second part of this work, combinations of the discussed cells and other configurations meant for larger attenuation levels are investigated.
A Multistage Hemiplegic Lower-Limb Rehabilitation Robot: Design and Gait Trajectory Planning
Authors: Wang Xincheng , Wang Hongbo , Zhang Bo , Zheng Desheng , Yu Hongfei , Cheng Bo , Niu Jianye
Published: April 2024

Most lower limb rehabilitation robots are limited to specific training postures to adapt to stroke patients in multiple stages of recovery. In addition, there is a lack of attention to the switching functions of the training side, including left, right, and bilateral, which enables patients with hemiplegia to rehabilitate with a single device. This article presents an exoskeleton robot named the multistage hemiplegic lower-limb rehabilitation robot, which has been designed to do rehabilitation in multiple training postures and training sides. The mechanism consisting of the thigh, calf, and foot is introduced. Additionally, the design of the multi-mode limit of the hip, knee, and ankle joints supports delivering therapy in any posture and training sides to aid patients with hemiplegia in all stages of recovery. The gait trajectory is planned by extracting the gait motion trajectory model collected by the motion capture device. In addition, a control system for the training module based on adaptive iterative learning has been simulated, and its high-precision tracking performance has been verified. The gait trajectory experiment is carried out, and the results verify that the trajectory tracking performance of the robot has good performance.
Energy Transfer-Based Recognition of Membrane Cholesterol by Controlling Intradistance of Linker
Authors: Cho Yong Ho , Won Tae Kyung , Ahn Dong June
Published: April 2024

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are good candidates for donor material in energy transfer systems and can easily be functionalized with various ligands on the surface with Au–S bonding. Cyclodextrin (CD) forms inclusion complexes with fluorophores due to its unique structure for host–guest interaction. In this study, we fabricated βCD-functionalized AuNPs using different lengths of thiol ligands and recognized cholesterol to confirm the energy-transfer-based turn-on fluorescence mechanism. AuNP–βCD conjugated with various thiol ligands and quenched the fluorescein (Fl) dye, forming βCD-Fl inclusion complexes. As the distance between AuNPs and βCD decreased, the quenching efficiency became higher. The quenched fluorescence was recovered when the cholesterol replaced the Fl because of the stronger binding affinity of the cholesterol with βCD. The efficiency of cholesterol recognition was also affected by the energy transfer effect because the shorter βCD ligand had a higher fluorescence recovery. Furthermore, we fabricated a liposome with cholesterol embedded in the lipid bilayer membrane to mimic the cholesterol coexisting with lipids in human serum. These cellular cholesterols accelerated the replacement of the Fl molecules, resulting in a fluorescence recovery higher than that of pure lipid. These discoveries are expected to give guidance towards cholesterol sensors or energy-transfer-based biosensors using AuNPs.
RTAIAED: A Real-Time Ambulance in an Emergency Detector with a Pyramidal Part-Based Model Composed of MFCCs and YOLOv8
Authors: Mecocci Alessandro , Grassi Claudio
Published: April 2024

In emergency situations, every second counts for an ambulance navigating through traffic. Efficient use of traffic light systems can play a crucial role in minimizing response time. This paper introduces a novel automated Real-Time Ambulance in an Emergency Detector (RTAIAED). The proposed system uses special Lookout Stations (LSs) suitably positioned at a certain distance from each involved traffic light (TL), to obtain timely and safe transitions to green lights as the Ambulance in an Emergency (AIAE) approaches. The foundation of the proposed system is built on the simultaneous processing of video and audio data. The video analysis is inspired by the Part-Based Model theory integrating tailored video detectors that leverage a custom YOLOv8 model for enhanced precision. Concurrently the audio analysis component employs a neural network designed to analyze Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs) providing an accurate classification of auditory information. This dual-faceted approach facilitates a cohesive and synergistic analysis of sensory inputs. It incorporates a logic-based component to integrate and interpret the detections from each sensory channel, thereby ensuring the precise identification of an AIAE as it approaches a traffic light. Extensive experiments confirm the robustness of the approach and its reliable application in real-world scenarios thanks to its predictions in real time (reaching an fps of 11.8 on a Jetson Nano and a response time up to 0.25 s), showcasing the ability to detect AIAEs even in challenging conditions, such as noisy environments, nighttime, or adverse weather conditions, provided a suitable-quality camera is appropriately positioned. The RTAIAED is particularly effective on one-way roads, addressing the challenge of regulating the sequence of traffic light signals so as to ensure a green signal to the AIAE when arriving in front of the TL, despite the presence of the “double red” periods in which the one-way traffic is cleared of vehicles coming from one direction before allowing those coming from the other side. Also, it is suitable for managing temporary situations, like in the case of roadworks.
The Evaluation and Comparison of Resilience for Shelters in Old and New Urban Districts: A Case Study in Kunming City, China
Authors: Zhou Jie , Liu Wenyi , Lin Yu , Wei Benyong , Liu Yaohui
Published: April 2024

As a critical resource in emergency response and a pivotal element in disaster prevention and risk reduction, shelters play a central role in the holistic continuum of rescue and relief efforts. However, existing research often overlooks the comprehensive assessment and enhancement of shelter resilience. This study proposes a novel safety–robustness–accessibility (SRA) model aimed at evaluating and enhancing the overall resilience of shelters in the face of disasters. Firstly, a resilience assessment system for shelters was established, leveraging multi-source data and encompassing diverse dimensions, including safety, robustness, and accessibility. Subsequently, the entropy weight method was utilized to determine the weights of the assessment indicators. The case study and comparative analysis were conducted on shelters situated in two urban areas, old and new, in Kunming City, China, namely Wuhua District and Chenggong District. The findings reveal a higher quantity of shelters in Wuhua District compared to Chenggong District; however, the overall resilience level is relatively low, predominantly categorized as “Mid-Low” grade, constituting a substantial 57.94%. Conversely, shelters in Chenggong District exhibit a relatively high resilience level, predominantly classified as “Medium” grade, accounting for 33.77%. This study furnishes valuable data references and specific strategies aimed at enhancing the resilience of urban shelters against disasters. It offers crucial insights for urban planning and management to strengthen shelter resilience, thereby contributing to the development of a more resilient and sustainable urban future.
Has China’s New Infrastructure Promoted Sustainable Economic Development? Evidence Based on Information Infrastructure and Entrepreneurship
Authors: Zhang Yu , Ji Zheng
Published: April 2024

Entrepreneurship has always been regarded as an important economic activity that promotes sustainable economic development, enlivens markets and social transactions, and cultivates entrepreneurial spirit. As a unique concept in China’s economic development, new infrastructure has been widely disseminated and practiced and has also contributed to urban development and sustainable economic growth. However, there is little research by scholars on whether there is a causal relationship between the two, that is, whether new infrastructure will affect the level of regional entrepreneurship in sustainable economic development. This article used panel data from 267 cities in China between 2011 and 2017 to examine the impact of new infrastructure on regional entrepreneurial activities. Research has found that the construction of new infrastructure, especially information infrastructure, significantly promotes regional entrepreneurship. This study explored mechanisms such as human capital agglomeration and alleviating financing constraints. This study also found that the impact of new infrastructure on entrepreneurship varies based on the urban administrative level and region, with a more significant impact on central cities and central and western regions. This study will help researchers discover and understand the role of new infrastructure in regional entrepreneurship while promoting sustainable economic development.
Technical Feasibility of a Hydrail Tram–Train in NA: Okanagan Valley Electric Regional Passenger Rail (OVER PR)
Authors: Boray Tye , Hegazi Mohamed , Hoffrichter Andreas , Lovegrove Gord
Published: April 2024

Booming population and tourism have increased congestion, collisions, climate-harming emissions, and transport inequities in The Okanagan Valley, Canada. Surveys suggest that over 30% of residents would shift from cars back to public transit and intercity tram–trains if regional service and connections were improved. Intercity streetcars (aka light-rail tram–trains) have not run in Canada since their replacement in the 1950′s by the national highway system. UBC researchers analyzed a tram–train service fashioned after the current Karlsruhe model but powered by zero-emission hydrogen fuel cell/battery hybrid rail power (hydrail) technology, along a 342 km route between Osoyoos, B.C. at the US Border and Kamloops, B.C., the Canadian VIA rail hub. Hydrail trains have operated successfully since 2018 in Germany and were demonstrated in Quebec, Canada in 2023. However, hydrail combined with tram–train technology has never been tried in Canada. Single-train simulations (STSs) confirmed its technical feasibility, showing a roughly 8 h roundtrip travel time, at an average train velocity of 86 km/h. Each hydrail tram–train consumed 2400 kWh of energy, translating to 144 kg of hydrogen fuel per roundtrip. In total, five tons of H2/day would be consumed over 16 h daily by the 16-tram–train-vehicle fleet. The results provide valuable insights into technical aspects and energy requirements, serving as a foundation for future studies and decision-making processes in developing zero-emission passenger tram–train services not just for Okanagan Valley communities but all of Canada and NA.
Effect of Simulated Eutrophication of Peatlands on the Microbiome of Utricularia vulgaris L.
Authors: Bartkowska Aleksandra , Mieczan Tomasz
Published: April 2024

Global climate change and increasing human impact are the main factors intensifying eutrophication of peatland ecosystems. Due to the high sensitivity of certain groups of microorganisms, they can serve as indicators of the degree of eutrophication and thereby provide much important information for assessment of the state of peatland ecosystems. However, there is still little knowledge of how changes in the fertility of the environment can affect the microbiome of carnivorous plants in these ecosystems. This study was conducted to verify the following hypotheses: (1) the microbiome of carnivorous plant traps reflects the trophic status of the habitat; (2) an increase in the concentration of biogenic compounds causes a greater increase in the size of microbial communities in the aquatic environment than in the traps. An experiment was carried out in laboratory conditions to determine the effect of simulated eutrophication on the microbiome of Utricularia vulgaris L. An experimental increase in habitat fertility caused an increase in the abundance of bacteria, flagellates, testate amoebae, ciliates, and rotifers, while a decrease in abundance was observed for crustaceans. The increase in the concentration of biogenic compounds also modified the taxonomic composition of communities of microorganisms and small metazoa as well as the strength of trophic relationships; as the trophic level increased, the relationships between bacteria and heterotrophic flagellates; bacteria and testate amoebae; and bacteria and ciliates became stronger.
Research on the Ecological Restoration Effects of a Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara-Dominated Multitrophic Level Ecosystem
Authors: Li Bin , Han Zheng , Jiang Ruitong , Cai Qingjie , Zhang Meiqiong , Wang Rong , Liu Yuchao , Shao Liu , Wu Meiqin , Zhang Jianheng , He Wenhui , Liu Jinlin , He Peimin
Published: April 2024

This study aims to assess the ecological restoration effects of Vallisneria natans in a multitrophic level ecosystem. The water-purification effects of two hierarchical configuration modes of V. natans-Bellamya aeruginosa and V. natans-B. aeruginosa-Hyriopsis cumingii were studied. Results show that a V. natans and B. aeruginosa configuration ratio of 15:2 stabilizes water quality at Grade IV (TN ≤ 1.5 mg/L, TP ≤ 0.3 mg/L), and increasing B. aeruginosa density significantly reduces total phosphorus. The V. natans, B. aeruginosa, and H. cumingii configuration at 15:2:10 stabilizes water at Grade III (TN ≤ 1.0 mg/L, TP ≤ 0.2 mg/L), with a positive correlation between H. cumingii density and chlorophyll-a removal. Furthermore, the filtration and biocycling actions of B. aeruginosa (snails) and H. cumingii (mussels) significantly reduce levels of Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), and Ammonium (NH4+-N) in water, thus enhancing the self-purification capacity of the water bodies. However, the bioturbation effect of H. cumingii can temporarily increase phosphorus release from sediments, leading to a short-term rise in TP concentration in the water. Overall, the study concludes that multitrophic level ecosystems are effective in purifying water quality and offer significant ecological restoration benefits. This research provides crucial data support for future construction and ecological restoration projects involving multitrophic level approaches in China’s rivers and lakes.
POTENCIAL DE INSTALAÇÃO DE UNIDADES DE CRIAÇÃO DA GAROUPA VERDADEIRA (EPINEPHELUS MARGINATUS) NO ESTADO DE SERGIPE
Authors: Sousa Diego Neves de , Evangelista Daniele Klöppel Rosa , Santos Ivana De Oliveria , Ummus Marta Eichemberger , Vasco Kennedy Douglas Leocadio , Kerber Cláudia
Published: April 2024

Uma das estratégias para apoiar a piscicultura marinha no país e, ainda, atrair investidores e interessados nessa atividade é a realização de estudos para prospectar estruturas de criação já existentes em estados onde as espécies marinhas de interesse ocorrem naturalmente. Destaque para a garoupa verdadeira, peixe marinho de carne nobre com elevado potencial para piscicultura marinha em estruturas de cultivo (viveiros escavados). Este trabalho apresenta um estudo de inteligência territorial estratégica para a garoupa verdadeira no contexto das especificidades do estado de Sergipe, a partir de informações geradas pelo Sistema de Inteligência Territorial Estratégica para Aquicultura (SITE Aquicultura), sistema disponível on-line e desenvolvido pela Embrapa e por parceiros. Conclui-se que o estado de Sergipe possui um considerável potencial de expansão na produção de garoupa. A identificação de 15 fazendas de cultivo provavelmente desativadas aponta para a primeira grande oportunidade de crescimento, enquanto a possibilidade de migração do cultivo de camarão marinho para garoupa aumenta significativamente o número de propriedades ativas e licenciadas. Com um total de 2.373 fazendas de cultivo em atividade no Estado, a infraestrutura de apoio existente e a proximidade com portos de exportação, somados à viabilidade técnica e econômica da produção de garoupas em cativeiro, Sergipe se destaca como um local atrativo para investidores e stakeholders do setor. Com mercados ávidos por esse produto nobre, o estado tem um papel promissor no desenvolvimento da cadeia produtiva da garoupa verdadeira.
New standard standards for issuing personal protective equipment
Authors:   field of training 37.04.01 ", Karaseva E.V. ,   Psychology",   profile ",   Psychology in Business and Advertising",   Plekhanov Russian University of Economics,   Department of Political Analysis and Socio-Psychological Processes Plekhanov Russian University of Economics
Published: April 2024

This article examines corporate culture as a system of values, manifestations and interactions that characterize a company, which can influence employee job satisfaction. In the context of corporate culture, job satisfaction can be defined as the emotional and cognitive state of an employee, reflecting his assessment and experience of the conditions and characteristics of work. It reflects the employee's satisfaction with his job, company, colleagues and career development opportunities. Understanding the factors that influence job satisfaction is key to creating a positive work environment and improving overall employee productivity.
Factores de satisfacción en e-learning en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Alberca Pintado Nancy Elizabeth , Vela Vásquez Rodolfo , Menacho Vargas Isabel , Ramos Suyo Juan Abraham , Arraiza Alvarado José Javier
Published: April 2024

El avance acelerado de la instrucción en línea en las universidades, impulsado por la pandemia de COVID-19, ha transformado la forma en que se lleva a cabo el proceso educativo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la satisfacción de estudiantes universitarios con e-learning en una institución peruana. El tipo de estudio fue básico con diseño descriptivo. La muestra censal comprende a 120 estudiantes. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó un cuestionario de 23 ítems, se analizaron cinco dimensiones: infraestructura tecnológica, servicio ofrecido, información, interacción con profesores e interacción con compañeros. Los resultados indican que observa que los factores de satisfacción se encuentran en 0% en malo, 76 % en regular y de 24% en bueno. No obstante, la entrega de información y la calidad del servicio recibieron calificaciones menos favorables. Los resultados resaltan la importancia de mejorar la entrega de contenidos y los servicios de apoyo en el e-learning.
The problem of ambiguity in the practice of a logical approach to the development of critical abilities
Authors: Sukhanova N. P.
Published: April 2024

The intensification of the sphere of the study of critical thinking based on formal logical principles, found in the works of modern researchers, actualizes the appeal to the topic of logical analysis of language. The program settings of the course «Logic and critical Thinking» are focused on the thorough immersion of participants in the acute issues of the use of natural language. The purpose of this article is to reflect on the subjects of ambiguity in language and the operational tasks of pedagogical practice in critical thinking that arise in this regard. Understanding the experience of implementing an educational project is aimed at outlining the logical foundations of critical skills built through the prism of students’ reflexive vision. The framework of language and thinking problems is evaluated through ranking of course positions illustrating the possibilities of developing critical thinking through comprehension of language forms. The registered ambiguity is shown taking into account the requirements of the verbal or situational context in the application of the concept. The analysis of texts carried out in a practical lesson leads to the understanding of ambiguity as a linguistic norm that requires acceptance and appropriate cognitive support. The achievement of students becomes a competent vision of the content of the problem of ambiguity, characterizing critical judgment abilities in handling information. Attention is focused on the fact of terminological ambiguity, which implies the identification of clear meanings and deepening into the processes of cognition as such. The conclusion is made about the need for methodical development of the problem of ambiguity in language, since the focus on the subtleties of intellectual and speech mechanisms contributes to the formation of critical skills of project participants.
Policy for the formation of social consciousness during students training in educational institutions: pedagogical aspect
Authors: Ivanchuk Sabina , Kakhiani Yulia , Hryboiedova Tetiana , Bilychenko Hanna , Huzii Ivanna
Published: April 2024

This article analyzes and proposes improvements to the policy of developing social consciousness during training in higher educational institutions. Furthermore, it focuses on the pedagogical aspect of this issue. Developing social consciousness is crucial in shaping modern specialists. These specialists must possess not only developed practical and theoretical professional skills, but also a high level of empathy and social awareness. The research employs the IDEF0 functional modeling method, a novel approach that goes beyond simply listing key stages. Instead, it demonstrates the place and role of additional elements within the process. As a result, a model system for enhancing the policy of developing social consciousness in higher education institutions was formed. The study acknowledges a limitation: it solely considers processes for improving pedagogical methods among students with a pedagogical profile. Future research plans to expand this study to encompass other higher education institutions.
Comparative analysis of laboratory unsoaked CBR values between micromaterials and limestone nanomaterials in expansive soil stabilization
Authors: Harianja Tami Silvia , Amalia Dewi , Mase Lindung Zalbuin , Hendry  , Firuliadhim Geni , Muchtar  , Pudin Apip
Published: April 2024

This decade, a lot of soil stabilization research, especially expansive soils, uses nano materials. This is because many regions in Indonesia have expansive clay soil types, one of which is in Cilin Village, Bandung City, West Java Province. Expansive soils have low soil carrying capacity in high water table conditions. This condition surrounded the building above it. Disadvantages due to low carrying capacity of expansive soil, stabilization is needed to increase soil carrying capacity. It's just that the procurement of micro materials is very expensive. For this reason, this paper will explain the effectiveness of nano materials when compared to micromaterials. The main focus that will be discussed in this paper is how to compare the value of laboratory unsoaked CBR between micromaterials and quicklime nanomaterials in expansive soils. The research was conducted at the Bandung State Polytechnic Laboratory. This study used a stabilization method by adding 2% lime to each particle size. The procurement price of nanomaterials is Rp. 2,500,000 and micromaterials Rp. 1,500,000. The CBR test result obtained is native soil is 8.49; mixed soil 2% lime micromaterial is 9.01; and the soil mixture of 2% lime nanomaterial is 9.22. The difference in CBR value is only 0.21, so the more effective result is the unsoked condition of adding 2% lime micromaterial at a cheaper price.
SISTEMAS EMBARCADOS E AUTOMAÇÃO RESIDENCIAL
Authors: VICTOR NETTO JORDÃO JOÃO
Published: April 2024

The use of technology is increasingly on the rise in modern times. It is possible to find cars that make use of the most advanced technological systems, just as it is possible to find small objects such as a smartphone that are also equipped with various technological features. In this context, the discussion arises about the importance of so-called embedded systems, which constitute programs encapsulated in machines or even other programs and whose interaction with their users occurs through the use of interfaces, with literal access not being possible. In addition to the applications already mentioned, another application that has gained prominence through the use of embedded systems is residential management through automated systems. Embedded systems focused on home automation make extensive use of the internet of things and can be operated in person or remotely, focusing on aspects such as safety, comfort, time savings, among others. The objective of this case study is to discuss the application of embedded systems in home automation applications, as due to the expansion of the real estate market in Brazil, it becomes relevant to address aspects directly or indirectly related to it. The problem question to which we want to obtain an answer is: “What are the advantages of using embedded systems in the possibility of home automation?”. The study methodology applied was bibliographic in nature, seeking the main concepts in specialized literature, as well as discussions on the topic under study. The results demonstrated that there is a tendency for the real estate market to be increasingly adept at using automation and consequently there is also an increase in the use of devices connected to the world wide web through the internet of things and the functionality of systems embedded in devices. and various programs, enabling the enjoyment of certain and specific previously programmed functions. It is concluded that the advantages experienced when using embedded systems are the versatility of applications, efficiency due to the fact that they are endowed with specificity, innovation and reliability of these systems.
SERVIÇO SOCIAL E SAÚDE: PERSPECTIVAS DE ATUAÇÃO NO CAMPO DE GESTÃO E PLANEJAMENTO.
Authors: GEORGETA OLIVEIRA GODINHO PALOMA , PINTO SENA ROSIMARY
Published: April 2024

The current problems involving the health field are read within the context of neoliberal policies which make access and implementation of the right to health unfeasible as proposed by the Health Reform and in accordance with the assumptions of the Unified Health System (SUS). Social Work, as a professional category aligned with the interests of the working class and in line with professional documents, especially its current Code of Ethics, identifies in the sphere of management and planning an appropriate space to contribute to the realization of the right to health. The work is developed based on a bibliographical analysis of existing materials and, through an analytical reading, promotes discussion about the possibilities for social workers to work in the field of health management and planning. As a result, we have to move away from traditional practices, characterized by their technicality and bureaucracy, and by opting for a democratic and strategic management concept, they enable, in this field, critical action that considers the real health needs of the population from a perspective of realizing the right to health.
The Effect of Learning Community Activities Using Metaverse on University Students’ Metaverse Literacy and Learning Immersion
Authors:   INSTITUTE FOR EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH, Na Eun Chang
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study was to analyze the metaverse literacy and learning immersion. We examined the metaverse literacy of 22 university students. We analyzed the significant variables that affected the effectiveness of their learning commitment. We also investigated the differences in learning commitment based on the levels of metaverse literacy and analyzed learning activities. The study’s results revealed the following: First, there was a noticeable improvement in metaverse literacy, which included aspects such as self-identity, self-learning, digital communication, and virtual collaboration. Second, virtual collaboration and digital communication had a significant influence on learning immersion. Third, the higher the metaverse literacy level, the deeper the learning immersion experienced by the students. Fourth, within the metaverse environment, learners engaged in immersive activities and discussions. This study is pivotal as it gauges the effectiveness of community learning activities conducted within the metaverse by linking them with both metaverse literacy and learning immersion.