bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Posterior Vitreous Detachment and Paravascular Retinoschisis in Highly Myopic Young Patients Detected by Ultra-Widefield OCT
Authors: Takahashi Hiroyuki , Nakao Noriko , Shinohara Kosei , Sugisawa Keigo , Uramoto Kengo , Igarashi-Yokoi Tae , Yoshida Takeshi , Ohno-Matsui Kyoko
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and retinoschisis (RS) in 73 highly myopic (HM) young patients and 24 non-HM children. The presence of the paravascular retinal abnormalities was determined in the images obtained by a ultra-widefield OCT (UWF OCT) instrument with an image field of 23 x 20 mm. The results showed that a partial PVD was detected in 15 (21%) of the HM patients, and the number increased significantly with increasing age (P=0.02). PVDs of any type were not found in the non-HM eyes. The number of microvascular folds also increased with age in the HM patients (P=0.03). Medium-reflective columnar tissues were present between the detached vitreous and inner retinal surface in 4 (5%) eyes of the HM patients. Myopic RS was found in 3 (4%) HM patients in the paravascular area but not in the macular area. These results suggest that early partial PVD may play a role in pathological and proliferative vitreous changes of HM eyes. An intense vitreoretinal traction with bridging tissues may cause the various paravascular retinal abnormalities. In HM eyes, paravascular RS is already present at an early age which may progress to macular RS with aging.
Developing clinical questions and important outcomes for the clinical practice guideline for acupuncture and moxibustion for allergic rhinitis
Authors: Du Shihao , Yang Chao , Wang Shanze , Chen Sheng , Guo Shengnan , Guo Wei , Zhao Jiping
Published: April 2021

Background

Acupuncture and moxibustion have been widely applied in treating allergic rhinitis (AR). However, there is a lack of evidence-based guidelines for acupuncture and moxibustion for AR, thus we started a project on developing an international clinical practice guideline (CPG) for acupuncture and moxibustion for AR (WFASRP202001-SC05) approved by the World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies (WFAS). This study aims to formulate the clinical questions and important outcomes for this guideline.
Methods

Based on the principle of the WFAS standardization committee, multiple methods including the International PICO question survey, Delphi survey, and consensus conference of guideline development group (GDG) were applied. International PICO questionnaires widely gathered the demands from the target population. Then GDG selected clinical questions and important outcomes for the guideline via a mixed method of Delphi survey and consensus conference.
Results

15 potential clinical questions and 10 sorts of outcomes were formulated under the supervision of a guideline steering group based on the analysis of 123 pieces of feedbacks from 17 countries of 5 continents. After 2 rounds of the Delphi survey, the consensus was reached in GDG that all of the potential questions were included. After 3 rounds of the Delphi survey, the consensus was reached that 9 of these outcomes were considered important outcomes.
Conclusion

15 clinical questions and 9 important outcomes were selected for the CPG for acupuncture and moxibustion for AR. Since there has not established a standard method in formulating the clinical questions and important outcomes for CPGs in acupuncture and moxibustion, this one will be a useful reference.
Performance of etched silica FBG for simultaneous strain temperature measurement
Authors: Dey Koustav , Buddu Ramesh , Roy Sourabh
Published: April 2021

In this article, we have extensively investigated the efficiency of etched silica-based fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) for the experimental measurement of temperature and strain simultaneously. A single-multi-single mode fiber (SMS) combination is employed in the circuitry which acts as a bandpass filter for efficient interrogation technique. We recorded the sensitivity of 20.30 pm/°C and 2.89 pm/µɛ over the temperature and strain range of 25–225°C and 50-2050 µɛ, respectively. These data were recorded with the strain resolution of ± 10 µɛ whereas the resolution for the temperature is ± 0.50°C. The experimental results show the potentiality of the sensor for measuring the strain and temperature simultaneously with higher intrinsic sensitivity and resolution.
Using a pilot study to evaluate an assessment strategy for a future Stage III efficacy trial: Example from tuned lighting demonstration
Authors: McCreedy Ellen , Mills Caroline , Baier Rosa , Noell-Waggoner Eunice , Miller Naomi , Stringer Scott , Uth Rebecca , Gifford David , Wetle Terrie
Published: April 2021

Background
Poor sleep among residents in nursing homes is common and associated with decreased function and falls. Tunable lighting which mimics both day and night exposure may improve sleep. In this pilot study, we evaluate an assessment strategy to determine the appropriate outcome measure for a future Stage III efficacy trial.
Methods
This pilot study uses a crossover design, in which three hallways were randomized to tunable LED or static lighting for two months (December 2018-January, 2019) and then switched to the other condition for two months (February-March, 2019). Residents who had been in the nursing home for at least 90 days were eligible. We measured sleep (primary) and agitation (secondary) outcomes using key informant interviews and available administrative data. We measured sleep by interviewing staff using the Sleep Disorders Inventory (SDI) and Minimum Data Set (MDS) resident assessments. We measured agitation by interviewing staff using the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) and MDS assessments. We used McNemar’s test and Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks tests to compare within-person changes for all measures.
Results
62 residents, 35 of whom had dementia, had complete MDS and SDI data available. The average resident age was 90 and 77% were Asian. The percent of residents with any sleep disturbances was lower in the tuned vs. static lighting conditions based on MDS measure (4.8% tuned, 14.5% static, p < .10); no difference was observed using the SDI (33.9% tuned, 37.1% static). Sleep disturbances were less frequent in the tuned vs. static lighting conditions for both the MDS and SDI measures (p < .10). No significant differences were observed for agitated behaviors.
Conclusions
Results suggest that the available MDS sleep measure under detects disturbances compared to the gold standard staff interview. Efficacy trials should consider staff interview as primary study outcome. Sensitivity to change in the MDS-based sleep measure could be tested in Stage III trial to determine appropriateness for Stage IV, pragmatic trial.
Rh and Kell blood group antigen prevalence in a multi-ethnic cohort in Nigeria: implications for local transfusion service
Authors: Adewoyin A.S. , Lee G.M. , Adeyemo T.A. , Awodu O.A.
Published: April 2021

Antigens belonging to the Rh and Kell blood group systems are of major clinical significance because of their immunogenicity and the potential of their consequent antibodies to cause in vivo destruction of exogenous red blood cells (RBCs). Despite the wide-spread use of transfusion, there are sparse data on the prevalence of Rh and Kell system antigens and their ethnic variability in Nigeria. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of the five major Rh (D, C, c, E, e) and Kell (K) system antigens in Nigeria with the goal of understanding alloimmunization risk in transfusion recipients and improving transfusion safety through the availability of resources, such as antisera for extended RBC typing and antigen panels for alloantibody detection. A multi-ethnic cohort of 302 healthy Nigerian individuals was created to study RBC antigen prevalence. The antigen status of these individuals for Rh and K antigens was determined using commercially prepared antisera and conventional tube agglutination methods. The prevalence of the Rh antigens in the study cohort was found to be: D (92.7%), C (20.5%), c (97.7%), E (19.5%), and e (97.4%). Dce was the most common Rh phenotype (53.3%). The prevalence of K was 0 percent. For all antigens, there was no association between ethnicity and antigen prevalence. This study is the first to document the prevalence of the major Rh and K antigens in the Nigerian population, using a multi-ethnic cohort. Serologic testing demonstrates a zero prevalence of K antigen, which has never been described. C and E pose the higher risks of alloimmunization, hence showing a need for extended RBC typing and matching in at-risk blood recipients. This study demonstrates that phenotyping for major Rh and K antigens within the Nigerian population can potentially improve transfusion safety and prevent alloimmunization.
Immunohematology

2018;34:61–65.
Utility of chloroquine diphosphate in the blood bank laboratory
Authors: Aye T. , Arndt P.A.
Published: April 2021

Chloroquine diphosphate (CDP) is a helpful tool in the blood bank for two main applications. The most common application is to render direct antiglobulin test–positive red blood cells (RBCs) free from membrane-bound IgG; these treated RBCs can then be used for autologous adsorption and/or to determine the patient’s RBC phenotype. Another common use of CDP is to remove human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) from RBCs to help identify or exclude the presence of antibodies to HLAs expressed on RBCs, for example, Bennett-Goodspeed (Bg) antigens. In this review, the principles, applications, and limitations of using CDP are discussed.
Immunohematology

2018;34:98–102.
Blood chimerism in twins
Authors: Tavares L. , Da Costa D.C. , Batschauer A.P.B. , Jobim L.F.J. , Ewald G.M. , Mello C. , Velazquez E.S.A. , Geraldo A.
Published: April 2021

Chimerism is a phenomenon in which an individual has cells with different genetic content from different zygotes. In dizygotic twins (DTs), chimerism is believed to occur through placental anastomoses that enable the bidirectional exchange of hematopoietic stem cells. Little is still known about chimerism frequency in twins, but several studies have shown a relation between chimerism and some conditions such as autism, Alzheimer’s disease, and a group of autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and systemic sclerosis. In addition to chimerism of ABO blood groups being possibly mistaken for ABO subgroups, these autoimmune diseases may affect other serologic immunohematologic tests. This study aimed to determine the frequency of chimerism in DTs through ABO and D testing using the tube method, column agglutination, and short tandem repeat (STR) assays. Among the 103 subjects assessed for this study, 24 subjects (12 pairs) were excluded because STR assays showed they were monozygotic; of the remaining, 70 subjects (35 pairs) were DTs and 9 subjects came from gestations of trizygotic triplets. No ABO or D chimerism was detected in any subject through serologic assays, and STR assays did not detect any blood chimerism. Although there was no evidence of chimerism found in this study, we emphasize the importance of observing the family background of individuals with suspected ABO subgroup in complex immunohematologic studies because ABO antigen–antibody reactions are similar in both circumstances, and chimerism can be overlooked. Moreover, the use of the STR analysis method in chimerism studies can be important to help differentiate chimerism and ABO subgroups.
Immunohematology

2018;34:151–157.
INTENSITAS CAHAYA ALAMI PADA RUANG KELAS PERKULIAHAN
Authors: Hamdy Muh. Awaluddin , Jamala Nurul , Rahim Ramli , Hamzah Baharuddin , Mulyadi Rosady , Kusno Asniawaty
Published: April 2021

Title: Natural Light Intensity Analysis in Classroom; Case Study: Classroom at Bosowa University

Lighting is an important part of buildings in supporting the productivity of human labor. Insufficient lighting can interfere with human activities and could cause health problems, like eye disorders. Building design must consider the functions and needs so that residents can feel comfortable. Good lighting levels can be achieved by utilizing natural and artificial lighting. The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of illumination in a room that is directly related to the openings of the building envelope and to analyze the different levels of illumination in classrooms with different orientations. Quantitative research methods by distributing measurement data in the form of tables, diagrams and graphs. Data analysis was performed using statistics and data analysis techniques, the results of the measurement were statistically descriptive. This study analyzed the differences in the level of illumination in the northern orientation and southern orientation classrooms. Based on the results of the analysis it can be concluded that the orientation of the building affects the level of illumination in the room. During the day the level of illumination is higher in the direction of orientation north than the direction of orientation south, especially the measurement point in the area close to the openings of the building envelope, but in this study the direction of classroom orientation towards the south is higher the level of illumination compared to the north orientation classrooms. This is understood by the treatment of building glass sheaths in the north orientation direction in the form of the use of frosted glass wallpaper, so it can be concluded that changes to the building facade affect the level of room illumination. The results of this study are expected to be a reference in building facade concepts and designing energy-efficient buildings.
IDENTIFIKASI ARSITEKTUR TROPIS PADA BANGUNAN LAMA DI JALAN SITI KHADIJAH KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Wardhani Fitrianty , Oktavallyan Dwi
Published: April 2021

Title: Identify tropical architecture in the old building at Jalan Siti Khadijah Bengkulu City

Tropical architecture tries to deal with the tropical climate problems characterized by heavy rain, blazing sun, high air temperatures, high humidity (for humid tropics), and low wind speeds. The realization of a sustainable tropical city requires building environmentally responsive designs. The efforts could be made, such as selecting materials and models on buildings' external and internal appearance that suit to tropical city. Old buildings used to be built to adapt to the local climate. One of them is the old buildings on Khadijah street, which the existence is almost gone now. This study aims to identify the tropics element in old buildings that have adapted to the tropical climate. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method in case studies through observation and identification of the application of tropical architectural elements in the external appearance (building and roof orientation) and the internal appearance in the building (space, floor, wall, and opening patterns). The aim of this research is to fulfill the arguments for the community about the significance of maintaining the old buildings. This finding is needed to provide a logical reason for the community and government to conserve the old buildings in Bengkulu City.
IDENTIFIKASI PEMANFAATAN ARKADE DAN IMPLEMENTASI GSB NOL DI JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Jayanti Theresia Budi , Darmady Irene Syona , Priatmodjo Danang
Published: April 2021

Title: Identification of Arcade Utilization and Implementation of Zero Setbacks in West Jakarta
Perda No. 1 - 2014 about Jakarta’s Zoning Regulation mentioned about guidance which control building setback, streets, and right of way; in the way to achieve well-ordered cityscape in terms of urban design and architecture. However, there are unclear statement about area characterized with arcade and zero setbacks. In actual condition, there is location dominated by zero setbacks appearance based on necessary needs. This issue trigerred visual cluttering in cityscape. Based on that condition, this study tried to understand and identify location in administrative West Jakarta area which indicate arcade and zero setbacks due to its affected aspects. Site observation and mapping used as a method to finding data and analyze the process to get overall trend and tendency. Findings about this study represent such condition wtih incontinuity pattern about arcade and zero setbacks in some area or corridor. Proposal about spatial planning in conclusion of this study role as suggestion to evaluate the regulation.
KESIAPAN KAMPUS UNTUK KEGIATAN PERKULIAHAN YANG BERADAPTASI DALAM ERA NEW NORMAL
Authors: Sudharsono Edward S. , Bawole Paulus
Published: April 2021

Title: Campus Readiness Toward Lecture Activities in the New Normal Era

The Covid-19 pandemic, which has been going on for so long, is not yet known when it will end. Under these conditions, all activities that involve large numbers of people need to seek prevention against the risk of disease transmission. Lecture activities that are usually carried out face-to-face (offline) are currently conducted online. However, at certain times the lecture activities must be done offline. At the Department of Architecture – Duta Wacana Christain University (UKDW), some of the offline lecture activities are carried out in the studio room. Although not every day, this activity still has a chance for disease transmission. For this reason, offline lectures at UKDW need to be reviewed so that all activities that take place on campus can prevent disease transmission as much as possible. Regulation of the Minister of Health regarding health protocols and other related regulations are used to identify the readiness of lecture rooms, especially studio rooms in which the lecture activities in the Architecture Department - UKDW are carried out. The problem that happens is the risk of transmission due to the level of readiness of the studio room and the layout of the furniture in fulfilling the standard health protocol. This study applies a descriptive - qualitative method with data taken from observation and interviews. The results of the examination of the studio rooms show that the studio rooms still need to be adapted to standard health protocols and other applicable regulations.
PERCEPCION POR PARTE DE LOS USUARIOS DEL SERVICIO Y CALIDAD EN EL PARQUE NATURAL DE S ALBUFERA (SPAIN)
Authors:   Universidad IBN Zohr., Zahra Fakir Fatima , Izikki Brahim ,   Universidad IBN Zohr., Erraoui Elhoussaine ,   Universidad IBN Zohr., Segui llinas Miguel ,   Universidad de las Islas Baleares.
Published: April 2021

Es bien sabido que las Ã¡reas protegidas ofrecen una amplia gama de beneficios ecologicos, sociales y economicos. Sin embargo, en algunos casos, la creacion de estas Ã¡reas protegidas tambiÃ©n podria tener una combinacion de impactos positivos y negativos (por ejemplo, estos impactos se revelan por primera vez en la instalacion de infraestructuras como centros de visitantes, o la construccion de pistas que conducen a una degradacion del paisaje y la destruccion del hÃ¡bitat y los ecosistemas (Belsoy et al., 2012)). El objetivo de este trabajo es comprender la percepcion de los residentes sobre la conservacion de la naturaleza en general y la oferta de ecoturismo del Parque Natural en particular. Para ello, se realizo un estudio exploratorio de una muestra de 78 residentes para tener una idea del comportamiento de nuestro objetivo que visita el parque natural de SAlbufera. Dicho esto, los resultados del estudio muestran que los residentes (65.4%) tienen un gran interÃ©s en la conservacion de la naturaleza y tambiÃ©n estÃ¡n satisfechos con la calidad de la oferta ofrecida por el parque natural de Salbufera, mientras que el resto, ya sea el 50% de los entrevistados, admite que es necesario realizar mejoras para mejorar la calidad de la oferta del parque natural. Se discutieron recomendaciones y sugerencias hacia el final que se necesitarian para cumplir mejor las expectativas de los visitantes del parque natural de SAlbufera.
NEUTRAL ZONE RECORDING USING DIE PINS AND TISSUE CONDITIONER: A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Post Graduate Student, Department of Prosthodontics, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, KSR Kalvi Nagar, Tamil Nadu 637215., Saravanan Soundaria , Abraham Mathew Chalakuzhiyil ,   Professor and Head, Department of Prosthodontics, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, KSR Kalvi Nagar, Tamil Nadu 637215., K.A Biju ,   Senior Lecturer, Department of Prosthodontics, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, KSR Kalvi Nagar, Tamil Nadu 637215.
Published: April 2021

The primary goal of providing complete denture prosthesis is to restore function and esthetics. Arbitrary placement of teeth may cause dislodgment during function. Neutral zone is a concept which emphasize on placing the teeth in a zone where the forces between the tongue and cheeks or lips are equal. In this case report a novel dental technique is to be discussed which uses, used die pins to retain the tissue conditioning material to record the neutral zone.
ANTI-CANCER POTENTIAL OF COPPER OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AGAINST MURINE MAMMARY ADENOCARCINOMA (AMN-3) CELLS
Authors:   Department of Medical Laboratories, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha,Al Nakhil, Bisha67714, Saudi Arabia., A. A. Khalil Khalil , T. Tawfeeq Amer ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Hodeidah,Hodeidah, Yemen., M. Sulaiman Ghassan ,   Department of Molecular Biology, Iraqi Centerfor Cancer and Medical Genetic Research, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq., D. Jaaffer Marwa ,   Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq.
Published: April 2021

This study was designed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of copper nanoparticles in murine adenocarcinoma cells (AMN-3). The exposure period of cell line was performed at 24 hr in a microtitration plate under complete sterile conditions. Different concentrations were used started from 0.39 Î¼gmL-1to 50 Î¼gmL-1 in three independent experiments. First, the cells were stained by MTT and the absorbance were measured using Elisa reader at 492 nm. The treatment with nanoparticles showed a significant inhibition (P< 0.05) on cells and the effect was concentration dependent, the highest inhibition was 88% at 50 Î¼gmL-1, while was 15% at 0.39 Î¼gmL-1 and the inhibitory concentration 50 was 1.5 Î¼gmL-1. The cell death was evaluated in cell line after a treatment with CUNPs through two types of assessments, which were mitochondrial membrane potential assay and acridine orange- ethidium bromide dual staining assays. Results revealed that the tested substances showed a potent inhibitory cytotoxic effect against the proliferation of AMN-3 cells through apoptosis.
ETAPAS FENOLOGICA, CONDICIONES CLIMATICAS Y PROGRAMA FITOSANITARIO SOBRE LA INCIDENCIA DE PRODIPLOSIS LONGIFILA EN TOMATE
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Santo Domingo, Ecuador., Ramon Sabando Garcia Angel , Ugando Penate Mikel ,   Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Santo Domingo, Ecuador., Maria Celi Pinza Doris ,   Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Santo Domingo, Ecuador., Xavier Sabando Garcia Bosco ,   Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí, Ecuador.
Published: April 2021

El estudio se llevó durante la época seca del 2019 (Mayo-Septiembre) en el Cantón Bolívar, Provincia de Manabí, Ecuador. Su objetivo fue determinar el efecto de las etapas fenológica, condiciones climáticas y programa fitosanitario sobre la incidencia de Prodiplosis longifila en el cultivo de tomate. Este cultivo comprende cuatro etapas fenológica: inicial (20 días), desarrollo (35 días), media (35 días), y final (20 días).Se utilizó un diseño de Bloque Completamente al Azar (DCA), con cuatros tratamientos y seis repeticiones. El cultivo estaba sometido a un riego por goteo, con un distanciamiento de siembra de 1,3 m entre hilera y 0,60 m entre planta, resultando aproximadamente 12820 plantas/ha.Los datos climáticos de temperatura (máxima, mínima y media) precipitación, heliofanía y humedad relativafueron tomados diariamente de la Estación Agrometereológica de la ESPAM y el análisis físico químico del suelo realizados en el INIAP “Pichilingue,”. Se evaluó el número de brotes sanos/planta, número de brotes con daño por P. longifila, número de brotes con presencia de larvas vivas y muertas del insecto, y número de larvas vivas o muertas por brote. Con respecto a la variable número de brotes con presencia de larvas vivas se correlacionó con los datos climáticos para cada etapa del cultivo, las misma se analizaron estadísticamente mediante correlación de Pearson y el ADEVA al 95 y 99% de confianza.Los resultados permiten inferir que las altas infestaciones de Prodiplosis longifila se posesionan en la etapa desarrollo, intermedia y final del cultivo y a la vez, se ven correlacionadas por las condiciones climáticas: precipitación, heliofanía y con mayor prevalenciatemperatura y humedad relativa. Con las evaluaciones de las infestaciones de P. longifila y condiciones climáticasacompañada por un programa racional de plaguicidas, solo fue necesario realizar 11aplicaciones de sustancia de diversa naturaleza con un umbral del 10% de infestación, que permiten contrastar con 30 a 35 realizada por el agricultor.
A METAGENOMIC ASSESSMENT OF BACTERIAL CONTAMINATION OF DUST EVENTS IN SENEGAL
Authors:   Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Industrial Engineering (MAGI), Polytechnic School), Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal., Marone Alioune , Mbengue Malick ,   Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Industrial Engineering (MAGI), Polytechnic School), Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal., Jenkins Gregory ,   Department of Mineral Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, Usa., Ndao Niang Demba ,   Laboratory of Atmospheric and Ocean Physics Simeon FONGANG, Polytechnic Higher School., Simina Drame Mamadou ,   Laboratory of Atmospheric and Ocean Physics Simeon FONGANG, Polytechnic Higher School., Kanteh Abdoulie ,   Medical Research Council (MRC), Gambia., Khan Dam ,   Medical Research Council (MRC), Gambia., Antonio Martin ,   Medical Research Council (MRC), Gambia., Toure-Kane Coumba ,   University Sine Saloum El Hadj Ibrahima Niass (USSEIN), Kaolack, Senegal.
Published: April 2021

Previous work in the Caribbean and West Africa have shown that air samples taken during dust events contain microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, viruses), including human pathogens that can cause many respiratory diseases. To better understand the potential downstream effect of bacteria dust on human health and public ecosystems, it is important to characterize the source population. In this study, we aimed to explore the bacterial populations of African dust samples collected between 2013-2017. The dust samples were collected using the spatula method, then the hypervariable regions (V3 and V4) of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified using PCR followed byMiSeq Illumina sequencing. Analysis of the sequencing data were performed using MG-RAST. At the phylum level, the proportions of Actinobacteria (22%), Firmicutes (20%), Proteobacteria (19%), and Bacteroidetes (13%) were respectively predominant in all dust samples. At the genus level, Bacillus(16%), Pseudomonas(10%), Nocardiodes and Exiguobacterium (5%) are the most dominated genera in African dust samples collected in this study.The study showed that molecular characterization of dust microbial population remains a very efficient method, also applicable to the search for viruses and fungi in this type of sample. It is important to note that the majority of microorganisms identified in this study can cause respiratory diseases.
THE EXPRESSIONISTIC TECHNIQUE OF PRESENTING NARRATOR AND MEMORY IN TENNESSEE WILLIAMS THE GLASS MENAGERIE
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of English, Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Auragabad., Batul Fatema Mubarak Pathan
Published: April 2021

Expressionism was a movement in art and literature which presented a very subjective view of the world. The movement itself revolted against realism and naturalism, while the technique distorted reality, displayed the human emotions and tried to reveal the psycho-spiritual truth in the Modern world. The Glass Menagerie (1944) tells the story of a broken modern family with three characters- Tom, Laura and Amanda, all of whom live in their own reality. This familys encounter with another worldly character Jim, however, crashed their fragile world around them. In the modern era, when people are often fed extraordinary dreams through different channels, The Glass Menagerie tells the story of sufferings, unfulfilled desires, purposes, ambition, and fear of losing self, familial discord and exposes the reality to them. Tennessee Williams in his play uses expressionism to give his audiences a look into this undetected reality of the world.
O IDEB E SEUS EFEITOS NA ORGANIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO ESCOLAR
Authors: Richter Leonice Matilde , Vieira Silva Maria
Published: April 2021

O artigo analisa os efeitos do Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica na organização do trabalho pedagógico de 29 escolas estaduais mineiras. Pesquisa realizada por meio da análise dos índices e entrevistas com os/as profissionais das instituições. Os resultados evidenciam que os índices incitam as escolas a produzirem estratégias pedagógicas e gestoriais para garantir ou melhorar o desempenho. Contudo, existem diferenças nos efeitos de acordo com as metas e os resultados alcançados pelas escolas envolvidas na pesquisa.
Elaboração de um instrumento para avaliar motivos que podem levar à evasão na educação superior em enfermagem: um estudo metodológico.
Authors: Mattos Larissa Merino de , Barlem Edison Luiz Devos , Bordignon Simoní Saraiva , Tomaschewski-Barlem Jamila Geri , Castanheira Janaína Sena , Rocha Sabrina Santos da
Published: April 2021

Objetivou-se elaborar um instrumento para avaliar os motivos que podem levar à evasão nos cursos de graduação em enfermagem. Tratou-se de estudo metodológico, seguindo cinco etapas para a elaboração de instrumentos de aferição. Participaram 182 estudantes de uma Universidade Pública. A coleta de dados ocorreu em agosto de 2018 e a análise deu-se a partir de estatística descritiva. Foi elaborado um instrumento composto de 24 questões, cujos fatores foram relacionados ao curso; universidade; professores e colegas; pessoais e/ou sociais; familiares; e referentes a profissão.
Política de Cotas: Uma democratização ao acesso para cursos de graduação na Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Authors: Wagner Ykaru Gomes , Borges Cardoso Leonardo Chaves , Rodrigues Cristiana Tristão
Published: April 2021

Este trabalho visa analisar a política de cotas implementada pela Lei nº 12.711/2012 nos cursos de graduação da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, comparando a incidência dos candidatos cotistas aprovados na primeira chamada do Sistema de Seleção Unificada e a incidência desses indivíduos em uma simulação sem o sistema de cotas. A comparação foi auxiliada por meio da estatística qui-quadrado e pelo modelo Logit interpretado pelas razões de chances (Odds Ration). Os resultados mostram que na ausência da política, a incidência de alunos egressos do ensino médio público se reduziria expressivamente.
Nova Gestão Pública e Gestão Democrática da Escola: as experiências da primeira fase de implementação do Programa Ensino Médio Inovador
Authors: Körbes Clecí , Da Silva Monica Ribeiro
Published: April 2021

O artigo analisa as implicações das abordagens de gestão democrática e de gestão gerencial na experiência de implementação do Programa Ensino Médio Inovador em sua primeira fase. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de questionário junto a 2006 escolas utilizando-se da técnica de análise de conteúdo. O estudo evidenciou que as experiências mais próximas das intenções do Programa estiveram associadas a vivências participativas. Detectou que o principal entrave à formação integral foi a adoção de práticas inspiradas na abordagem de gestão gerencial focadas na padronização, na adaptação e no controle.
Symbolic Actions and Anti-royal Propaganda during a Political Crisis
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Năstăsoiu Dragoş Gh. ,   Central European University
Published: April 2021

On Christmas Eve 1402, Hungarian noblemen gathered in the Cathedral of Nagyvárad, where St. Ladislas’ tomb was located, and swore an oath on the holy king’s relics. They proclaimed thus their allegiance to King Ladislas of Naples and conspired against the ruling King Sigis mund of Luxemburg. By swearing an oath on St. Ladislas’ relics, the conspirators united their minds and forces around the ideal figure of the holy king and knight who became the symbol of a political cause and the embodiment of the kingdom which King Sigismund was no longer suited to represent. The symbolic gesture of oath-swearing on St. Ladislas’ relics took place in the midst of a three-year political crisis (1401–1403) that seized the Kingdom of Hungary as a consequence of the barons’ dissatisfaction with King Sigismund’s measures, which jeopardized their wealth and political influence. By relying on both written accounts and visual sources, the present paper examines the utilizing by Hungarian noblemen during this political crisis of important political and spiritual symbols associated with the Kingdom of Hungary. These included: the cults, relics, and visual representations of St. Ladislas, the Hungarian Holy Crown, or the kingdom’s heraldry. The propagandistic usage of these spiritual and political symbols was reinforced by their insertion into elaborated rituals and symbolic actions, such as coronations or oath-swearing on relics. By activating the link between secular and religious spheres through these rituals and symbolic actions, their performers hoped to attract the divine approval. By discussing such instances, the present paper seeks to illustrate how the ideal figure of St. Ladislas became the catalyzing force behind a political cause.
The Experience of Employing the Slave Narrative Genre in Describing the History of the Caucasus
Authors:   Joint Laboratory of the International Network Center for Fundamental and Applied Research, Peretyatko Artyom Yu. ,   Volgograd State University
Published: April 2021

The genre of the slave narrative is unique, and is essential to African-American culture. Yet, up to now, personally written stories describing the journey to freedom traveled by “heroic slaves”, writings that could well qualify as nonfiction, have received little attention outside of the US and UK. This makes all the more interesting the attempt by prominent Russian historian A. A. Cherkasov to employ the slave narrative genre in describing the history of the Caucasus, undertaken in his collection of documents “Circassian Slave Narratives”. This review of the collection attempts to analyze the phenomenon of the slave narrative and determine the degree to which it could be transposed to Russia. It is shown that while a portion of the documents published by A. A. Cherkasov, specifically interviews with slaves who escaped from Russia to Circassia, do seem to fit in with the slave narrative genre in theme, most of the Russian-Circassian slave narratives are completely different from classic slave narratives in content and style. These are not publicistic memoirs written for abolitionist purposes but documentation maintained to keep records of fugitives. In the end, the author of the article draws the conclusion that it is impossible to have an exact analogue of the slave narrative for Russian history as the figure of the heroic slave is not something that is typical for Russian history. Accordingly, despite the fact that fugitive slaves’ testimonies were widely written down at the time, as was the case in Circassia, the outcome was a completely different type of writing typologically. However, if the slave narrative is viewed in a broad sense, as an aggregate of first-hand slave accounts that can help provide the reader with a comprehensive documentary picture of the life of actual slaves, “Circassian Slave Narratives” may well be considered a worthy representative of the genre. A. A. Cherkasov provides 180 interviews with slaves and over 1,000 thematically contiguous record-keeping documents, which offer a unique insight into Circassian slavery specifically. Consequently, while it is hardly possible to use the classic slave narrative in describing Russian history, there may be considerable potential in its creative reconceptualization, as has been well substantiated by A. A. Cherkasov.
Flow control in a multichamber settling basin by sluice gates driven by a CFD and an ancillary analytical model
Authors: Nikolić Miloš V. , Karamarković Rade M.
Published: April 2021

Unequal flow distribution between the chambers of a three-chamber settling basin causes its malfunction and endangers the turbines of a small hydropower plant. To equalize the flows, sluice gates are used. To find their positions, the following methodologies are considered: (1) measurements combined with trial-and-error method (TAE), (2) measurements with regression analysis (RA), (3) CFD model combined with TAE, (4) CFD model with RA, (5) CFD model supported by a one-dimensional flow model, and (6) CFD model with an analytical model. The additional models and RA are intended to speed up the solution finding. From the previous list, only the sixth methodology is applicable. The first four are not because of the weir design, and the fifth because of the three-dimensional flow character. Initially, the CFD model of the side-weir intake was developed and validated. Afterward, the analytical model, which consists of a system of three pressure drop equations for three parallel and partly imaginary streams, is formed. The local flow resistances in the analytical model are determined by the CFD model combined with RA. To equalize the flows, three solutions with (i) fix, (ii) fix in a range of flows, and (iii) variable positions of the sluice gates are analyzed.
A practical tool to support ecosystem-based management in a river ecosystem: a case study of the Yellow River in China
Authors: Zhao Zhongnan , Yu Lili , Zhang Yue , Tian Ying , Yuan Yong , An Nan
Published: April 2021

Ecosystem-based management (EBM) is widely applied in marine and coastal ecosystems. However, its implementation in river basins is limited. This limitation is attributed to the lack of practical tools, which combine the general principles of EBM and the unique features of river ecosystems, to provide information for policy-making. A method to support EBM in rivers is proposed in the present study. This method analyzes the ecosystem by quantifying multiple relationships among natural and human components and considering the spatial heterogeneity in external activities and ecosystem resilience. Using this method, policies are prioritized in an EBM plan by systematically evaluating the effects of external activities on the ecosystem services. The application of this method in policy-making in the EBM context is presented in a case study using the Yellow River in China. As a practical tool, this method can help practitioners improve the implementation of EBM in river ecosystems.
REPRODUCTION OF THE URBAN POPULATION OF THE TYUMEN REGION IN 1959-1970: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: DASHINAMZHILOV Odon B.
Published: April 2021

The study of fertility and mortality in the regions where Soviet territorial-production complexes were formed is of great interest. Such studies make it possible to answer the question in which direction the demographic dynamics changed in the conditions of profound economic and social changes that were taking place in them at that time. Demographic processes in the Tyumen region during the formation of the West Siberian oil and gas complex interested many researchers. However, in their works, the main attention was paid to migration movements, the formation of labor collectives. Much less attention has been paid to the analysis of natural movement. In addition, it was produced using general indicators that have a high error. In this regard, it is still not clear how much the birth rate and mortality rate of city dwellers actually changed. The aim of the article is to study the dynamics of the total fertility rate and life expectancy in the 1960s. in urban settlements of the Tyumen region. For solving it, there were used the method of conditional generation, historical-comparative and historical-genetic methods.
The study revealed that initially in 1958-1959 fertility and mortality of the urban population were approximately at the level of Western Siberia. After the beginning of the Western Siberian Oil And Gas Complex formation in the social-class structure, there was a slight increase in the share of workers, in the system of urban settlement the role of the regional center decreased. As a result, the birth rate among the townspeople of the Tyumen region in 1969-1970 became the highest among the West Siberian regions. The harsh climate, low rates of construction of housing and social infrastructure facilities, poorly organized medical services, the development of industries characterized by high injuries, an increase in alcohol consumption have led to the fact that life expectancy in the region has become the lowest among the Western Siberian regions. All of these changes in reproduction occurred taking into account the fact that the share of the northern regions in 1970 still did not exceed one third of the urban population of the region.
Novel Treatment for Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation in a Patient with Novel Homozygote Mutation of PMM2: A Case Report and Review Literature
Authors: Madani Sedigheh , Sayarifard Fatemeh , Tajdini Parisa , Mohsenipour Reihaneh , Khoram khorshid Hamid Reza , Rezaei Nima
Published: April 2021

Background:

In Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation (CDG) type Ia, homozygous mutations of the PMM2 gene cause phosphomannomutase 2 dysfunction.

Case presentation:

Herein, a 10-month-old girl is presented with severe hypotonia along with inappropriately normal mental status and normal facies. High 2-ketoglutaric acid was detected in her urine; therefore the diagnosis of 2-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (KDHC) deficiency was made for this patient. High dose of vitamin B1 was administered, because thiamine is considered as a co-factor in this inborn error of metabolism. She responded very well to daily administration of 500 mg/day vitamin B1 and stood up without help 5 months later. She had experienced seizure, which responded well to pyridoxine. Now, she is a 3.5-years-old child, who could talk and walk normally. Recently, whole exome sequencing was performed for her, which showed homozygote mutation of PMM2; therefore the diagnosis was changed from KDHC deficiency to PMM2-CDG.

Conclusion:

Attention to the pathophysiology of inborn errors of metabolism is necessary, while considering the defective enzymes co-factor may help us to find an option for treatment of such rare diseases.
Enhancing Data Linkage to Break the Chain of COVID-19 Spread: The Taiwan Experience
Authors: Lo Wei-Cheng , Wang Fu-Chung , Lin Li-Yin , Jyan Hong-Wei , Wu Hsuan-Chien , Huang Yao-Liang , Parng I-Ming , Chiou Hung-Yi
Published: April 2021

Digital technology has been widely used in health care systems and disease management, as well as in controlling the spread of COVID-19. As one of the most successful countries in combating the COVID-19 pandemic, Taiwan has successfully used digital technology to strengthen its efforts in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Taiwan has a well-established National Health Insurance System (NHIS), which provides a great opportunity to develop a nationwide data linkage model in an agile manner. Here we provide an overview of the application of data linkage models for strategies in combating COVID-19 in Taiwan, including NHIS centralized data linkage systems and “from border to community” information-driven data linkage systems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, we discuss the dual role of digital technologies in being an “enabler” and a “driver” in early disease prevention. Lastly, Taiwan’s experience in applying digital technology to enhance the control of COVID-19 potentially highlights lessons learned and opportunities for other countries to handle the COVID-19 situation better.
Characterization of an Open-Access Medical News Platform’s Readership During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Chan Alex K , Wu Constance , Cheung Andrew , Succi Marc D
Published: April 2021

Background

There are many alternatives to direct journal access, such as podcasts, blogs, and news sites, that allow physicians and the general public to stay up to date with medical literature. However, there is a scarcity of literature that investigates the readership characteristics of open-access medical news sites and how these characteristics may have shifted during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective

This study aimed to assess readership and survey data to characterize open-access medical news readership trends related to the COVID-19 pandemic and overall readership trends regarding pandemic-related information delivery.

Methods

Anonymous, aggregate readership data were obtained from 2 Minute Medicine, an open-access, physician-run medical news organization that has published over 8000 original, physician-written texts and visual summaries of new medical research since 2013. In this retrospective observational study, the average number of article views, number of actions (defined as the sum of the number of views, shares, and outbound link clicks), read times, and bounce rates (probability of leaving a page in <30 s) were compared between COVID-19 articles published from January 1 to May 31, 2020 (n=40) and non–COVID-19 articles (n=145) published in the same time period. A voluntary survey was also sent to subscribed 2 Minute Medicine readers to further characterize readership demographics and preferences, which were scored on a Likert scale.

Results

COVID-19 articles had a significantly higher median number of views than non–COVID-19 articles (296 vs 110; U=748.5; P<.001). There were no significant differences in average read times (P=.12) or bounce rates (P=.12). Non–COVID-19 articles had a higher median number of actions than COVID-19 articles (2.9 vs 2.5; U=2070.5; P=.02). On a Likert scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), our survey data revealed that 65.5% (78/119) of readers agreed or strongly agreed that they preferred staying up to date with emerging literature about COVID-19 by using sources such as 2 Minute Medicine instead of journals. A greater proportion of survey respondents also indicated that open-access news sources were one of their primary sources for staying informed (86/120, 71.7%) compared to the proportion who preferred direct journal article access (61/120, 50.8%). The proportion of readers indicating they were reading one or less full-length medical studies a month were lower following introduction to 2 Minute Medicine compared to prior (21/120, 17.5% vs 38/120, 31.6%; P=.005).

Conclusions

The readership significantly increased for one open-access medical literature platform during the pandemic. This reinforces the idea that open-access, physician-written sources of medical news represent an important alternative to direct journal access for readers who want to stay up to date with medical literature.