bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SEVERE COVID-19 IN PATIENT AT EARLY POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD AFTER WHIPPLE’S OPERATION WITH MARGINAL PORTAL VEIN RESECTION
Authors: KOPCHAK V. , MAZUR A , PERERVA L. , KHOMENKO О. , MAKSYMENKO L. , ZATSARYNNYY R. , AZADOV P
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Pancreatoduodenectomy (PDR or Whipple’s operation) remains the only effective radical method of surgery for tumors of the pancreatic head, distal common bile duct and Vater’s papilla. The most frequent complications of the early postoperative period are: gastrostasis, pancreatic fistula, postoperative bleeding and pulmonary complications. According to World Health Organization (WHO) and reviews, severe COVID-19 usually occurs in older age patients, and in patients with oncological diseases.
Case description. Patient V., 64 years old, due to a tumor of the head of the pancreas with invasion of the distal common bile duct and the development of obstructive jaundice, underwent PDR. Histopathologically, ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head, G-2, was confirmed. The PDR operation was performed within healthy tissues, which was confirmed by histopathology.
On the second day after surgery, patient was admitted to ICU because of respiratory failure, the SARS-CoV-2 antigen test was positive, we suggest that the patient was in the latent period of COVID-19 disease during the surgery. Patient received hormone therapy, anticoagulants in therapeutic doses, O2-therapy. On the 5th day, because of severe ARDS, the patient was intubated, on the 7th day - convalescent plasma transfused (1 dose). On the 9th day, a tracheostomy was applied for airways care and early activation. Respiratory support was provided twelve days. Patient received early activation, exercises, as well as early enteral nutrition. After ICU discharge, patient’s condition was complicated by the gastro-intestinal bleeding, blood transfusion and embolization of the dorsal pancreatic artery were performed. On the day 66th after surgery patient was discharged home in satisfactory condition.
Conclusion. General care and early activation of the patient within early tracheostomy, convalescent plasma usage and the well-coordinated work of the surgical and anesthesiological teams allows timely identification and elimination of early postoperative complications after Whipple’s operation with marginal resection of the portal vein.
Relevansi Utility Dan Mashlahah Dalam Mikro Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Rahmawati  , Husni Thamrin
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini membahas relevansi utility dan mashlahah dalam ekonomi mikro syariah. Permasalahan yang sering terjadi yakni teori utility belum menyentuh prinsip dan tujuan yang paling mendasar dari konsumen Muslim, yaitu memenuhi kebutuhannya yang bersifat material dan non material, sulit membedakan antara keinginan dan kebutuhan, tidak dapat menghindari perilaku berlebihan. Sehingga belum dirasakan terpenuhinya kebutuhan ini dalam kegiatan konsumsi yang disebut mashlahah. Masalah-masalah tersebut harus ditemukan solusi dalam mengatasinya. Kehadiran ekonomi mikro syariah mampu memberikan titik terang dalam how dan why sebuah pengambilan keputusan setiap unit ekonomi yang di batasi oleh batasan-batasan syariah. Penelitian ini bersifat penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan metode tematik. Konsep utility atau kepuasan sangat berbeda dengan konsep maslahah atau kemanfaatan yag menjadi tujuan dalam konsumsi yang Islam. Konsep utility bersifat sangat subjek karena bertolak dari pemenuhan kebutuhan yang memang bersifat subjek. Sementara konsep maslahah relatif lebih obyektif karena bertolak dari pemenuhan keinginan yang memang relatif lebih obyektif dibandingkan kebutuhan. Karena konsep konsumsi dalam ekonomi mikro syariah adanya batasan-batasan dalam mengkonsumsi suatu barang/jasa yang sudah diatur dalam Al-Qur’an dan Hadist.
Toxic Effects of Nanoparticles on Fish Embryos
Authors: Jhanani Gopalraaj , Pappuswamy Manikantan , Meyyazhagan Arun , Balasubramanian Balamuralikrishnan , Arumugam Vijaya Anand
Published: December 2021

Nanoparticles are used widely in the in-drug delivery, diagnostics, cosmetics, paints, electronics, fabrics, solar cells, medicines etc. Their wide application is due to their special properties which include minute size, high reaction rate, increased surface area and quantum effect. Despite their multiple applications, nanoparticles have harmful effects too due to their improper disposal causing their entry into the aquatic environment greatly threatening the ecological security as well as our health. Zebra fishes (Danio rerio) are used more commonly for the evaluation of toxicity and are considered a promising animal model. Studies on Salmon and Labeo rohita have also been used for toxicity evaluation. Nanoparticles affect the embryo more easily than the adult since the embryo are more sensitive. Hence it becomes important for us to study the effect of the nanoparticles on the embryo of the fishes. These nanoparticles have the ability to cross the chorion layer and affect the developing embryo. Since the fishes are a part of the food chain, when these organisms get affected they will eventually harm the humans too. This review focuses on the effect of metal nanoparticles (NPs) like gold(Au), silver(Ag), copper(Cu), platinum and metal oxides nanoparticles like titanium dioxide, aluminium oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide zinc oxide on the embryonic development of fish embryos. When compared to the other nanoparticles (NPs) like silver, copper and platinum, it has been observed that the gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) showed no toxicity to embryos of zebrafish though few studies contradict this. Aluminium nanoparticles showed no toxicity and role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in enhancing the toxicity of nanoparticles have also been discussed.
Serum Osteocalcin and Bone Mineral Density as Markers of Post-menopausal Osteoporosis: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Rai Tirthal , Adiga Usha , Hegde Rishabh
Published: December 2021

Osteocalcin (OC) and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements determine the bone mass and microarchitecture of bone. Both are used for diagnosing osteoporosis and their role as a biomarker in postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) remains controversial. To determine the relationship between serum OC and PMO and compare BMD vs OC, a metaanalysis was carried forward with case-control studies. Studies reporting mean/median and standard deviation of osteocalcin in post-menopausal women with and without osteoporosis were included. From the same studies, BMD measurements in both groups were included. Fifteen studies were included with 1864 postmenopausal women. We found significant increase in serum OC (Standardized Mean Difference of 0.918 and SE of 0.476 (p=0.054), confidence interval (CI) (-0.015 to 1.852) and significant decrease in BMD values (SMD of -2.321 and SE of 0.345 (p= <0.001) (CI - 2.998 to -1.643)) in PMO. T score also significantly decreased in PMO (SMD <0 (-3.785). Heterogeneity was observed in all parameters analyzed for more than 90%. We concluded that in our metanalysis, there was a significant increase in serum osteocalcin levels with SMD> 0 and significantly low BMD/t score levels with SMD <0 in postmenopausal osteoporotic women as compared to healthy postmenopausal women. Osteocalcin gives the current status of bone remodeling and is not influenced by multiple factors whereas BMD measures the bone mass, yet techniques vary and are influenced by many factors. SMD < 0 alone cannot be used to detect osteoporosis or predict osteoporotic fractures. Increased osteocalcin and low BMD/T score after menopause together are good indicators to detect osteoporosis. This conjunction can economically burden the patient and thus our study concludes that SMD > 0 serum osteocalcin solely can be implemented as a promising marker for diagnosing osteoporosis.
An insight into anti-arthritic property of phytochemicals against Rheumatoid arthritis using molecular modelling and docking approach
Authors: Nathan Bharathi , Mohammed Sudheer M.M.
Published: December 2021

Arthritis literally refers “joint inflammation”, it is a condition where one or more joints are inflamed. More than 100 different types of Arthritis were identified, most common types are rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. The present study mainly focuses on the development of the novel phytochemical inhibitors against rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis using an integrative cheminformatics drug discovery platform. In this study, we identified potential 405 phytochemical drug candidates, screened against eight selected targets of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis using molecular docking tool AutoDock. Three phytochemicals Withanolide, Diosgenin and bamyrin exhibited promising binding towards multiple drug targets selected for this study. When comparing with the binding between reference drugs, withanolide showed highest activity against Interleukin-23, Matrix metalloproteinase-3 and Interleukin 8 with binding energies -11.6, -9.4 and -8.3 kcal/mol respectively. Diosgenin also exhibited best activity against three targets that were Interleukin-23, JNK alpha and MMP-3 with -11.3, -10.4, -9.5 kcal/mol binding energies respectively. This study may be important contributing factor to develop new therapeutic drugs for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
PROSPECTS AND POSSIBILITIES OF TRANSDISCIPLINARY APPROACH IN LAW
Authors:   Sumy State University, Telizhenko Liudmyla , Murach Dmytro ,   Sumy State University
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the analysis of the prospects and possibilities of using the transdisciplinary approach in modern law. It is proved that at the heart of the modern crisis, including law, is the crisis of the person himself, the overcoming of which can become a way out of a difficult situation in all spheres of life and activities of the society. This requires a new understanding of the man himself as an inalienable element from the whole world, as well as a rethinking of the meaning of universal and civilizational values as meta-legal. It is shown that such opportunities open up from the standpoint of transdisciplinarity as a new way of developing scientific knowledge, for the first time overcoming the subject-object discontinuity, a traditional feature of European rationality, and rises to a higher level of comprehension of any problem formed by a person and/or threatening him. The work highlights the first attempts in jurisprudence through the human "dimension" to reach a higher level of understanding of the problems of law through its combination with psychology and sociology, which exceeded narrow disciplinary boundaries, formed a common humanitarian field, and gave research signs of transdisciplinarity. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of those legal problems that today can be solved using a transdisciplinary approach, in particular, the problems of the relationship between legal positivism and natural law, the infinity of normative and legal deviations in the regulation of public relations in the state, international legal formations and their legitimation. The conclusion is made that since all the indicated problems of modern law are valuable, their solution requires going beyond the "pure" jurisprudence by means of a transdisciplinary synthesis of social sciences and humanities, requiring lawyers to acquire new theoretical and practical knowledge and skills.
PENALTIES PROVIDED FOR SERIOUS CRIMES IN THE CRIMINAL CODE OF UKRAINE
Authors:   Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs, Skok Oleksandra
Published: December 2021

The statistics of the Prosecutor General's Office on registered criminal offenses in the form of serious crimes for 2020 and 2021 were reviewed. Based on this, the number of serious crimes registered by the National Police of Ukraine during the reporting periods was determined. The provisions of the current Criminal Code of Ukraine, the Criminal-Executive Code of Ukraine, the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court No 7 of October 24, 2003 are analyzed, as well as some scientific positions of domestic scientists Knyzhenko O. O are taken into account. and Berezhnyuk V. M In addition, a review of the case law of the Supreme Court of Cassation on sentencing was studied. A thorough criminal-legal analysis of the sanctions of the articles of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in the part of punishments established for the category of serious crimes was carried out. Based on the analysis, it was determined which main and additional punishments are regulated in the sanctions of the articles of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine for the investigated category of crimes. The quantitative and qualitative indicator of sanctions for serious crimes has been determined, which include: imprisonment for a definite term; punishments alternative to imprisonment; additional penalties. Legislative and doctrinal provisions on punishments in the form of imprisonment for a definite term, restriction of liberty, fine, correctional labor, arrest are considered. The judicial practice of Ukraine in the part of certain issues related to the execution of a penalty in the form of a fine and the replacement of a penalty in the form of a fine with a penalty in the form of correctional labor is analyzed. It is established that the Criminal Code of Ukraine, in the sanctions of the articles, provides for the application to a person who has committed a serious crime, punishment in the form of imprisonment, restriction of liberty, fine, correctional labor, arrest - as the main punishment. The range of additional punishments is defined, which determine: confiscation of property, deprivation of the right to hold certain positions or engage in certain activities and a fine.
GLOBALISASI EKONOMI DAN PENGANGGURAN: STUDI KASUS INDONESIA
Authors: Setyawan Ari , Suparta I Wayan , Aida Neli
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACTThis study aims to examine the effect of economic globalization on the unemployment rate in Indonesia and the relationship of other macroeconomic variables such as economic growth, inflation rate, and real wage with unemployment. The data used is in the form of annual time series data from 1986 to 2018, whose research results are analyzed using the ARDL method. This study concludes that economic globalization can reduce the unemployment rate in Indonesia in the short term, although in the long term, it increases the unemployment rate. Economic growth and inflation in the short and long term have not been able to reduce the current unemployment rate, while the increase in real wages has reduced the unemployment rate in the short term, although not in the long term. By looking at these results, we need to be wary of economic globalization because economic globalization has a destructive impact in the long term. So that concrete and consistent efforts are needed from the government, the private sector, and other stakeholders so that Indonesia gets the maximum benefit from economic globalization, especially in job creation and reducing unemployment.JEL : B22, E22.Keywords : unemployment, economic globalization, economic growth, inflation, real wages. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan melihat pengaruh tingkat globalisasi ekonomi terhadap tingkat pengangguran di Indonesia serta hubungan variabel makroekonomi lain seperti tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi, tingkat inflasi dan tingkat upah riil dengan tingkat pengangguran. Data yang dipergunakan berupa data time series tahunan dari periode 1986 hingga 2018 yang hasil penelitiannya dianalisis menggunakan metode ARDL. Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu globalisasi ekonomi mampu mengurangi tingkat pengangguran di Indonesia dalam jangka pendek meskipun dalam jangka panjang malah meningkatkan tingkat pengangguran. Pertumbuhan ekonomi dan inflasi baik dalam jangka pendek dan jangka panjangnya belum mampu menurunkan tingkat pengangguran yang ada sedangkan naiknya upah riil mampu menurunkan tingkat pengangguran dalam jangka pendek meskipun tidak dalam jangka panjang. Dengan melihat hasil ini, kita perlu waspada terhadap globalisasi ekonomi karena globalisasi ekonomi ini memiliki dampak buruk dalam jangka panjang sehingga dibutuhkan upaya kongkrit dan konsisten baik dari pemerintah, swasta maupun para stakeholder lain agar Indonesia memperoleh manfaat yang sebesar-besarnya dari globalisasi ekonomi khusunya dalam upaya penciptaan lapangan kerja dan mengurangi pengangguran.
Preliminary Study of Using Colloidal SiO2@ZrO2 Particles in Recovering Actinides from Water and Immobilizing them in a Glass-Ceramic
Authors: Arnal Pablo , Salvia Ariana
Published: December 2021

Actinides, which are toxic for humans, increased their presence in the hydrosphere over the last 80 years. Though actinide recovery from water and immobilization for safe storage is technically feasible, it remains a complex process. Herein, we preliminary studied SiO2@ZrO2 in recovering actinides from water and trapping them in a glass-ceramic upon thermal treatment. To simplify our experimental work, we surrogated radioactive actinides with stable cerium. In the first part of the work, we tested SiO2@ZrO2's ability to recover Ce from water in batch systems. Then, we thermally treated SiO2@ZrO2 with Ce to form a glass-ceramic. All batch experiments showed that SiO2@ZrO2 removes Ce from water. Moreover, all experiments show that SiO2@ZrO2 with Ce converts into a glass-ceramic upon thermal treatment. When heated up to 1000 °C, particles remained spherical, and Ce remained trapped within the structure of crystalline spheroids located between the outer surface and a 50 nm depth. When heated up to 1450 °C, sintering produced bigger particles than the original colloid, and Ce remained trapped within the structure of crystalline spheroids having a broad size distribution located everywhere in the particles.
In-vitro antibacterial activity of sequential crude extracts from Datura stramonium seeds
Authors: Powar Priyatama V  , Powar Trupti A
Published: December 2021

The growing phenomenon of antibiotic resistance, particularly to pathogenic microorganisms, in current medicine, has directed the concern of scientists for finding novel antimicrobial agents from plant origin with negligible side effect. The present study was aimed to phytochemical investigation and antimicrobial activity of seed extract of Datura stramonium in sequentially with different organic solvents. For this, antimicrobial properties were tested against bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Bacillus subtilis by cup plate method. Among the tested bacterial Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most inhibited majorly with the chloroform extract. Datura stramonium chloroform seed extract produced maximum zone of inhibition 26 mm against Klebsiella pneumoniae and 12 mm against Bacillus subtilis and 13 mm against Escherichia coli. Datura Stramonium methanol seed extract produced maximum zone of inhibition 27 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 15 mm against Bacillus subtilis, 14 mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 19 mm against Escherichia coli. Datura stramonium petroleum ether seed extract produced 16 mm zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli. Datura stramonium aqueous seed extract exhibits 24 mm zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilis. All the experienced solvent extracts showed potential antimicrobial activity Index against various tested microorganisms. Owning to the results, it can be concluded that the extracts of the Datura stramonium can be used to design different herbal antimicrobial agents.
In situ study on the settlement of biofoulers employing wooden test panels
Authors: Fany Caduthuz
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study is to analyze the antifouling properties of different timbers, and thus to identify the wood which shows the most antifouling activity. The chemical component present in that wood which is responsible for its antifouling property can be extracted and used in the manufacture of natural antifouling paints, thus saving the marine environment from the effects of heavy metal antifouling paints. Wood species used in this study were, 1) Tectona grandis 2) Prosopis juliflora 3) Strychnos nux-vomica 4) Lagerstroemia microcarpa 5) Mangifera indica 6) Artocarpus hirsutus 7) Milicia excelsa 8) Swietenia mahagoni 9) Anigre 10) Terminalia arjuna 11) Artocarpus heterophyllus 12) Albizia lebbeck 13) Acacia mangium. Four sets of panels were exposed for a period of 1 month and 20 days. The identification of fouling organisms obtained from wooden panels revealed the presence of 5 species belonging to Barnacles, Tubeworms, Bivalves, Bryozoans, and Hydroids. The study showed promising results, out of the thirteen species of wood used in the study, it was found that Albizia lebbeck and Lagerstroemia microcarpa showed the most biofouling resistance. The chemical extracts from these wood can be used in the preparation of environmental friendly antifouling coatings.
THE SUBSURFACE STRUCTURES IN KOCR FIELD IN THE NIGER DELTA, NIGERIA, USING 3D SEISMIC TIMELAPSE DATA
Authors: Chinyere L. Igwenagu , Etim D Uko , -Ari I. Tamunobereton , Arobo R.C. Amakiri
Published: December 2021

The subsurface structures in KOCR Field, in the Coastal Swamp Niger Delta, Nigeria, are here presented, using seismic 3D timelapse. The KOCR Field lies on latitudes 4o50’58’’-4o55’19’’N and longitudes 6o18’41’’- 6o26’41’’E with aerial extent of 840km2. The base (1997) and the monitor (2009) seismic surveys resulted in a 4D response difference. The Base and Monitor data have a root-mean-square repeatability ratio (RRR) of 0.38 implying a very good repeatability when considering the acquisition, processing and environmental noises. Data processing and interpretation were carried out using Petrel software. The average thickness of the reservoir is about 69m at the depth of 3932m. Reservoir pressure decline rate of 0.062psi/day resulted in production decline rate of 1192.21bbl/day. Structural interpretation of seismic data reveals a highly-faulted field. Fault and horizon interpretation shows closures that are collapsed crestal structures. All the interpreted faults are normal synthetic and antithetic faults which are common in the Niger Delta basin. The lengths, dips and orientations of the faults and horizons, in the base and monitor stacks, are equal indicative of no faults reactivation that could have resulted from hydrocarbon production. The results of this work can be used in reservoir, field and environmental management in the area of study.
A GIS – BASED OPTIMIZATION FOR THE FUEL LOCATION-ALLOCATION TO FACE THE PROBABLE TSUNAMI: CASE OF PADANG CITY
Authors: Inca Liperda Rahmad , Rizqy Aulya Anisha , Sukarno Iwan , Lusiani Mirna , Sirivongpaisal Nikorn
Published: December 2021

The Mentawai Megathrust is predicted to cause a tsunami with the tremendous effects to societies and environments. As the coastal area located across the epicenter, Padang City is expected to have a high vulnerability to be surged by this future hazard. This issue has gradually grown in importance to provide an effective disaster countermeasure for minimizing losses and suffering. As the fuel is one of the most critical items required in the aftermath of disaster, this study seeks to propose the disaster relief planning in Padang City, particularly in the fuel location-allocation decisions to cope with the effects caused by the probable tsunami. In this research the Geographic Information System (GIS)-based optimization is utilized to generate the appropriate number of facilities as well as its allocated capacity to serve several demand points (e.g. hospitals and refugee camps) during the emergency periods. This paper initially considers the potential inundation area based on the worst-case scenario developed by the disaster countermeasure agency to identify the likelihood of the impassable paths and the candidate facilities in the safe zone. By using P-Median analysis, this work recommends 9 strategic facilities to handle 18 demand points during the critical periods. This study provides an exciting opportunity to comprehensively obtain the suitable facilities in order to fulfill the fuel needs in the disaster aftermath. Due to practical constraints, this paper may be further improved to be Decisions Support Systems (DSS) with the consideration to the real time conditions during emergency periods.
DEVELOPMENT OF STAGE-DISCHARGE RATING CURVE AND RATING TABLE OF PIYARO MINOR AND DILWARO MINOR
Authors: Ali Shah Shoukat , Kiran Madeeha , Dars Rabia , Nazir Aleena , Hassan Ashrafani Shaharyar
Published: December 2021

Developing a gauge-discharge relationship in rivers, canals, and minor flow is vital for controlling floods, managing water resources, Spatio-temporal analysis, socio-economic development, and sustaining the ecosystem. Accurate and consistent data of irrigation networks are perilous to scheduling and managing for accurate application of irrigation water. Most of the hydrologic engineering activities like hydraulics structure, designs, flood monitoring, surplus water, reservoir, canal, and minor’s operation depend on flowing water derived from Rating Curve (RC). The effective management of irrigation water is necessary for crop water requirements and seepage losses estimation. In this context, the present study showed the actual field level work tested at two minors of the Ghotki feeder canal namely Pyaro minor and Dilwaro minor. The main object of the study is to develop gauge-discharge relation and development of RC and Rating Table (RT). The current meter was used for taking discharge measurements with the area velocity technique in both minors. Moreover, stage-discharge RC and RT were developed for different flows of water for both minors in Origin Software. From the calculated results, Power equations were developed for both minors for the actual requirement of crop water in the command area. The results of the study calculated in RT of Piyaro minor between 0.5-5ft stage gave discharge 0.053 cusecs to 90.616 cusecs. While the RT of Dilwaro minor showed the range between 0.5ft-4ft stage gave 26.575cusec to 168.888 cusecs. Hence, the present study suggested that for both minors, automatic gauging stations should be established for the actual demand of irrigation water in the command area and di-siltation should be done on both minors to make availability of water at the tail section.
CHANGE DETECTION IN LAND USE AND LAND COVER OF DISTRICT CHARSADDA PAKISTAN ALONG RIVER KABUL (2010 FLOOD): TAKING ADVANTAGE OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM AND REMOTE SENSING
Authors: Fida Misbah , Hussain Irshad , Rashid Abdur , Amir Ali Shah Syed , Khan Sardar
Published: December 2021

This study aims to quantify land use and land cover changes before and after the 2010 flood in district Charsadda, Pakistan. Advanced geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing techniques (RST) evaluate land use and land cover changes. The purpose of this research is to estimate and compare the pre-and post-flood changes and their influences on land use and land cover changes. Land use land cover data studies are important for sustainable management of natural resources; they are becoming increasingly important for assessing the environmental impacts of economic development. Moreover, some remedial measures are adopted to develop the area’s land cover to overcome future problems. Land use and land cover changes are measured using satellite images. Two instances, i.e., pre-flood and post-flood, are compared to analyze the change in land use and land cover of district Charsadda within 5 km along the Kabul River. Comparative analysis of pre-flood and post-flood imageries highlighted some drastic changes over the water body, built-up area, agricultural land, and bare land during flood instances. The study area is rural and agricultural land is dominant as compared to other land uses. We evaluated the percentage of different land use and land cover within our study area. The agricultural land found about 68.5%, barren land 22.5%, and the water body 8.8% before the flood. After inundation, the water body raised to 16.4%, bare soil increased to 26.3%, agricultural land degraded up to 57.0%, and settlements (villages) along the Kabul River were severely damaged and finished by this flood. 2010’s flood heavily damaged approximately four villages in district Nowshera, six in district Peshawar, and twenty-seven Charsadda District villages.
REPRESENTATIVES OF SOME DIAGNOSTIC AGGLUTINATED FORAMINIFERAL GENERA OF THE SUBCLASS MONOTHALAMANA (BATHYSIPHON, ORBULINELLOIDES, REPMANINA, MILIAMMINA, AGGLUTINELLA, DENTOSTOMENIA, AMMOMASSILINA, PSAMMOLINGULINA) IN THE TETHYS
Authors: Salim Anan Haidar
Published: December 2021

The present study deals with the paleontology, stratigraphy, paleogeography and paleoenvironment of the sixteen representatives of the Paleogene agglutinated benthic foraminifer Monothalamana of eight genera: Bathysiphon Sars, Orbulinelloides Saidova, Repmanina Suleymanov, Miliammina Heron-Allen & Earland, Agglutinella El-Nakhal, Dentostomina Cushman, Ammomassilina Cushman, Psammolingulina Silvestri. One species Orbulinelloides kaminskii is believed here to be new. As a whole these faunae are rarely described in the micropaleontological literatures, that’s why this study is detected. The recorded species are distributed on both sides of the Northern Tethys (Hungary, France), Southern Tethys (Egypt, UAE, Pakistan), Pacific and Atlantic Ocean. It seems that the changes in paleoceanographic conditions should accentuate the benthic faunal changes. Some of the recorded species are mostly confined to that mention localities in the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean, Northern and Southern Tethys, and it was recorded by a few authors. The deeper water species have smooth tests, while the shallow water specimens are coarser grained. The number differences of the recorded species between the different localities in the Tethys may be due to one or more parameters: the deficiency of available literatures, differences in ecological or environmental conditions (depth, salinity, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, nutrient, land barrier) and not homogeneity in the generic or species concept according to different authors.
THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL LITERATION IN MODERATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACCESS TO FINANCIAL AND THE GROWTH OF MSMES IN WEST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE – INDONESIA
Authors: Permata Gusti Girang , Agustira Yudis , Tawakkal Muhammad Rheza
Published: December 2021

The low rate of financial literacy in West Kalimantan has triggered a study to explore the role of this variable, can it moderate the relationship between financial access and the growth of MSMEs in West Kalimantan Province?. This research uses a descriptive method with an associative research design and 390 MSMEs respondents. The distribution of the questionnaires used postal services, electronic mail, and social media. The results of this study are financial literacy can moderate the relationship between financial access and the growth of MSMEs and financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on the growth of MSMEs. An interesting finding from this research is access to finance has a negative and significant effect on the growth of MSMEs, this result is due to the lack of knowledge of MSMEs about how to manage money obtained from bank loans.
SITUATION OF FOREIGN EMPLOYMENT AND REMITTANCE IN NEPAL: A CASE STUDY OF SIMTA RURAL MUNICIPALITY OF NEPAL
Authors: Man Thapa Dhirendra
Published: December 2021

The study aims to explore the situation of foreign employment and remittance on social and economic status in households. For this purpose, a total of 116 households having migrant family members (at least one) were selected in Simta Rural Municipality of Surkhet District, Nepal. The information was collected via interview by using a structured interview schedule. Descriptive as well as inferential statistics were carried out to analyze the impact of remittance. The impact of remittances on both economic status and the social status of the sampled households is remarkable. At a time when the country’s major economic indicators are not favorable, remittances have played a vital role in maintaining macroeconomic stability and keeping the economy afloat. Though remittances sent home by migrant workers are a boon to the economy, the facilities are inadequate to back up the increasing trend of migration. Inadequate information on foreign employment, lack of skill training, and lack of assurance of safe working environment and rights of the migrant workers have obstructed foreign employment. Formulation and effective implementation of pro-poor migration policy is the need of today. The government should play a proactive role to promote foreign employment by inducting and adhering to the policy of economic diplomacy. Replicating the best practice of the region has to be endorsed in our national context for promotion and regularization of foreign employment, to encourage the official transfer of remittance, and to streamline the asset and skill of the returnees for the economic development of the country.
TRADE DEFICIT IN NEPAL: A REVIEW ON CURRENT TRADE DEFICIT, CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS
Authors: Mahat Dikshya , Shumsher Kunwar Lenin
Published: December 2021

With globalization, world trade has been growing at a rapid pace. In most developing countries like Nepal, the problem of trade deficit has always been a part of the concern. The objective of this paper is to articulate the historical trend of the trade deficit in Nepal, the major imports and exports, the causes of the trade deficit, and some recommendations to solve the trade deficit. Nepal expanded its trade relationship after becoming a member of WTO on 23rd April 2004. Nepal mainly exports readymade garments, pashmina products, leather products, pulses, handicrafts, spices, medicinal herbs. The main imports are cereals, vehicles, pharmaceuticals, Mineral fuels, oils, iron & steel, plastics, gems, machinery. Major trading partners of Nepal are India, China, the USA, UAE, Canada, Indonesia, Argentina, France, Malaysia, and Ukraine. In the fiscal year 2019/20, imports decreased by 15.63%, and export increased by 0.62%. As a result, the total trade deficit decreased by 16.83%. Landlockedness, higher production cost, political instability, devaluation of currency are the factors impeding Nepal from coming out from the labyrinth of trade deficit. Fortification of the agricultural sector, focus on hydropower, improvement of infrastructures, modified trade policy, prioritization on export potential goods can solve the trade deficit. The country should strive towards specialization, strengthening the rural economy, gaining economies of scale, exploiting entrepreneurial and management skills of the labor force.
REPETIÇÃO COMO PSICOLOGIA EXPERIMENTAL
Authors: Bartholo Gomes Arthur
Published: December 2021

O presente ensaio visa adentrar na temática kierkegaardiana da repetição através da noção de psicologia experimental, que é designada no subtítulo do livro A Repetição ”“ ensaio em psicologia experimental. O eixo interpretativo principal será dado por meio do livro de Niels Nymann Eriksen Kierkegaard's category of Repetition: a reconstruction, que aborda este tema no primeiro capítulo. O problema da definição da estrutura do livro de Kierkegaard como um experimento psicológico pode somente ser colocado simultaneamente a toda a gama de questões que tangenciam o conceito de repetição, mas o escopo deste ensaio limitar-se-á a uma relação mais estreita entre o que é concebido ali como psicologia experimental e o conceito de repetição, bem como salientar e delinear os limites concernentes aos aspectos estéticos ”“ ou daquilo que mais propriamente é designado por Kierkegaard como sendo o estético ”“ que se fazem presentes em vários momentos nessa relação.
CONSTITUIÇÃO DA IDENTIDADE NARRATIVA NA OBRA “O SI-MESMO COMO UM OUTRO” DE RICOEUR
Authors: Gubert Paulo Gilberto
Published: December 2021

O núcleo desta pesquisa consiste em demonstrar quais são as condições de compreensão do conceito de identidade narrativa em Paul Ricoeur, a partir da obra: “O si-mesmo como um outro”. Inicialmente, num aspecto puramente descritivo, é apresentado um “si” que tem possibilidade de agir, sendo necessária a “identidade pessoal” para estabelecer a temporalidade da existência humana, por meio de duas noções de permanência no tempo: a identidade “idem” e a identidade “ipse”. Estas, respectivamente, equivalem ao “caráter” e Ã  “promessa”. Cabe Ã  “narrativa”, garantir a unidade da vida e apontar os limites entre o poder de agir e a imputabilidade inerente Ã  ação.
FENOMENOLOGIAE A CRISE DE IDENTIDADE NA FILOSOFIA
Authors: Cogo Moor Rudinei
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo procura analisar o surgimento da fenomenologia como tentativa de superação de uma crise de identidade que se encontrava nas estruturas da filosofia, resultado do desgaste do idealismo hegeliano e emancipação das ciências positivas do início do século XIX. Procura-se também mostrar como Husserl dialoga com a tendência psicologista, a qual, durante o citado período considerou-se como fundamento suficiente para a compreensão do conhecimento. A proposta husserliana de reabilitação da Filosofia, através da fenomenologia, consiste em elevá-la ao patamar da rigorosidade, com intuito de torná-la fundamento das demais ciências. Segundo Husserl as ciências positivas não são capazes de autofundamentação. Para tanto, ele busca “o retorno Ã s coisas mesmas”, a fim de garantir o solo seguro para seu empreendimento, visto que, segundo ele, as ciências positivas não o atingem por si só. Assim, com a fenomenologia, a filosofia ganha novos modos de acesso aos objetos e passa a ser sinônimo de fenomenologia.
RELEVÃ‚NCIA DA DIALÉTICA E DO PENSAMENTO DA DIFERENÇA NA CONSTITUIÇÃO DO PENSIERO DEBOLE VATTIMIANO
Authors: Dalla Rosa Soares Cláudia
Published: December 2021

No século XX, inaugura-se certa orientação filosófica como expressão de uma outra forma de se pensar, despojada das características autoritárias do pensamento fundacionista: o pensiero debole. Tal proposta filosófica, na qual se insere o filósofo Gianni Vattimo, segue uma orientação estético-hermenêutica como resposta aos problemas atuais, considerando as transformações ocorridas na sociedade contemporânea. Para Vattimo, a contemporaneidade é o momento em que se experiencia a Verdade e seu valor absoluto apenas como justificação ideológica da dominação e da violência. Tal acontecimento possibilita a vivência de "significações difusas" como potencialidade positiva de uma experiência "declinante" dos valores. Nesse sentido, o pensiero debole é uma filosofia que nasce como reconhecimento dos riscos do pensamento fundacionista, sendo, dessa forma, a reposta mais adequada Ã  época do pluralismo da modernidade avançada. O objetivo deste artigo é expor a relevância do pensamento dialético e daquele da diferença na constituição do pensiero debole. Defende-se aqui que a relação existente entre pensiero debole, o pensamento dialético e o da diferença não se apresenta unicamente como uma "superação", ao contrário,define-se pela Verwindung, a saber, uma espécie de "ultrapassamento" como reconhecimento de vínculo que tem em si as características de aceitação e aprofundamento.
RICHARD SWINBURNE E A POSSIBILIDADE DE FUNDAMENTAÇÃO RACIONAL DA CRENÇA EM DEUS
Authors: Oliveira Gomes João Víctor
Published: December 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo responder até que ponto a proposta de justificação teísta apresentada por Richard Swinburne responde as críticas de Hume e Kant quanto Ã  possibilidade de fundamentação racional da crença na existência de Deus. Para isso, a seguinte metodologia será adotada: em primeiro lugar, serão apresentadas as objeções dos dois autores citados; em seguida, terá lugar uma exposição das respostas de Swinburne, com ênfase em aspectos específicos da sua versão do argumento teleológico e no princípio da simplicidade adotado como critério de escolha entre hipóteses conflitantes. Na sequência, serão expostas e discutidas algumas das críticas contemporâneas ao trabalho de Swinburne. Por fim, com base na discussão realizada, será dada uma resposta Ã  questão inicial do artigo.Este artigo tem como objetivo responder até que ponto a proposta de justificação teísta apresentada por Richard Swinburne responde as críticas de Hume e Kant quanto Ã  possibilidade de fundamentação racional da crença na existência de Deus. Para isso, a seguinte metodologia será adotada: em primeiro lugar, serão apresentadas as objeções dos dois autores citados; em seguida, terá lugar uma exposição das respostas de Swinburne, com ênfase em aspectos específicos da sua versão do argumento teleológico e no princípio da simplicidade adotado como critério de escolha entre hipóteses conflitantes. Na sequência, serão expostas e discutidas algumas das críticas contemporâneas ao trabalho de Swinburne. Por fim, com base na discussão realizada, será dada uma resposta Ã  questão inicial do artigo.
EQUIVALÊNCIA ENTRE MASSA E ENERGIA
Authors: Lapa Raphael Santos
Published: December 2021

Tradução de artigo do Professor Francisco Fernflores no SEP (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
NELSON GONÇALVES GOMES
Authors: Revista de Estudantes de Filosofia Pólemos
Published: December 2021

Entrevista concedida pelo Professor Doutor Nelson Gonçalves Gomes, aos integrantes da revista, Felipe Castelo Branco Medeiros, Alexandre Mello e Gilmar Mendes Junior, por ocasião de sua aposentadoria da Universidade de Brasília em 2012/13. A entrevista também está disponível no canal da Pólemos, no YouTube (http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCpuC-gCbv6lp6S_zssoE0TQ)
CATEGORIA DO INDIVÍDUO COMO DECISIVA PARA A CRÍTICA KIERKEGAARDIANA À CRISTANDADE
Authors: Tórma Alan David dos Santos
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo é resultado de um projeto de pesquisa no qual a figura central é o pensador dinamarquês Søren Aabye Kierkegaard (1813-1855), o qual se instaura no âmbito de uma ampla crítica à cristandade de seu tempo e, de modo mais geral, ao cristianismo e ao que é ser cristão. Kierkegaard está inserido em um contexto pós-hegeliano, romperá com principalmente a dialética e a lógica inerentes ao legado de Hegel. Ao que irá se contrapor em sua obra O Instante, evocando a precedência da categoria do Indivíduo e do pessoal ao oficial, como decisivo para dirimir a ilusão da cristandade.
FALÁCIAS E TEORIA DA ARGUMENTAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Almeida David Wilkerson
Published: December 2021

Algumas abordagens formais e informais sobre o tema são aqui elencadas na tentativa de abrir um panorama no qual uma teoria da argumentação possa ser concebida, sendo esta um conjunto de modelos esquemáticos de raciocínio em que algumas normas são necessárias como forma de evitar as falácias. E, mais especificamente, o projeto de van Eemerene Rob Grootendorst é aqui criticado via ataque à noção de validade lógica, que é tomada por eles sem nenhuma problematização, e serve de base às suas regras.
TESTEMUNHO COMO FONTE DE CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Colares Lorrayne Bezerra Vasconcelos
Published: December 2021

Tendo grande importância em diversos aspectos da nossa vida, o testemunho está presente desde quando pedimos informação a alguém ou meramente acreditamos em nossas datas de nascimento. Porém, durante um enorme período na história da epistemologia, sua importância como fonte epistêmica geradora de conhecimento foi negligenciada. Analisando essa tradição e suas críticas, em primeiro lugar, analisaremos o trabalho de David Hume, no qual encontramos o primeiro ataque à noção de testemunho como fonte transmissora de informação e geradora de conhecimento, e, além disso, o estabelecimento das bases do individualismo epistemológico. Em seguida, serão expostos alguns dos mais recentes trabalhos a respeito da justificação testemunhal que se caracterizam como alternativas à visão humeana, como o não-reducionismo de C. A. J. Coady, o dualismo de Jennifer Lackey, o comunitarismo de Martin Kusch e o confiabilismo de Sanford C. Goldberg. Com esse panorama estabelecido, por fim, analisaremos se estamos ou não justificados em acreditar e conhecer a partir do testemunho de alguém e se o testemunho possui ou não importância epistêmica.
SOBRE A ESSÊNCIA DA TÉCNICA EM HEIDEGGER
Authors: Carvalho Vitor Orquiza de
Published: December 2021

Este artigo discute a técnica do modo como foi pensada por Martin Heidegger, filósofo que contribuiu para o desvelamento do sentido filosófico do termo “técnica” ao investigá-lo no âmbito do pensamento ou da linguagem buscando demonstrar a sua essência por meio de um caminho rigoroso de pensamento. Repensou-a ao considerar as implicações provindas da relação entre a técnica e as ciências modernas, o que o fez se contrapor ao sentido corrente desta relação e o possibilitou a pensar no amanhã, no futuro da técnica. Neste artigo focamos o texto escrito por Heidegger em 1953, A questão da técnica, apresentando-o por meio de reflexões e indagações.
MOUSIKÊ E PAIDEIA NA REPÚBLICA DE PLATÃO
Authors: da Silva Aguiar Cardoso Heloíse
Published: December 2021

Esse artigo propõe uma reflexão acerca do valor filosófico da música nos livros II e III da República de Platão. A poesia é tratada como parte da educação musical e Platão prescreve regulamentos e vigilância à criação poética. Após analisar os conteúdos das histórias, nos detemos na análise platônica de como se deve utilizar a palavra, a melodia e o ritmo, que juntos unem poesia e música no conceito platônico de cultura ideal.
DEBATE COM ANTÔNIO CARPINTERO E FLÁVIO KOTHE
Authors: PÓLEMOS
Published: December 2021

48 anos depois, em 18 de outubro de 2013, o Grupo de Estudos e de Pesquisas Darcy Ribeiro (GEP-DR), para recordar esses trágicos dias da Universidade, reuniu no Departamento de Filosofia da UnB os professores Antônio Carlos Carpintero (FAU-UnB) e Flávio Renê Kothe (FAU-UnB), que vivenciaram todo esse processo de invenção e de descaminho da Universidade de Brasília, para uma mesa-redonda, coordenada pelo professor Alex Calheiros (FIL-UnB), com o tema: “Do início ao fim, a Filosofia e os efeitos do Golpe Civil-Militar sobre o projeto político e científico da Universidade de Brasília.”
MITO DE PROMETEU
Authors: Pinto Ravazi Guilherme
Published: December 2021

Pretendo, no presente artigo, apresentar a discussão do diálogo Protágoras de Platão sobre questões políticas envolvendo a democracia e a possibilidade de a virtude ser ensinada. Irei expor os pontos onde o personagem Sócrates concorda com Protágoras e em quais aspectos eles discordam. Ademais, explicitarei conceitos importantes, como ‘justiça’ e ‘pudor’ que ocorrem no diálogo, além de mostrar como a versão platônica do mito prometeico contribuiu para a filosofia política posterior.
SOBRE A VERDADE QUE CONVÉM AO EXISTENTE
Authors: Da Cruz Lopes Marques José
Published: December 2021

Este artigo busca esclarecer a crítica feita por Kierkegaard à filosofia hegeliana, a partir de dois conceitos, a saber: sistema e verdade. O filósofo dinamarquês demonstra a impossibilidade, na esfera da existência, de uma verdade plena e, consequentemente, de um sistema que seja capaz de conter toda a realidade, pois isto seria contraditório em relação a uma existência marcada pela possibilidade e em constante devir.