bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical Study of a Bifacial Silicon Solar Cell Front Side Illuminated: Magnetic Field Effect on the Recombination Velocities Inducing the Short Circuit and Limiting the Open Circuit
Authors:   University Institute of Technology, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon., Péné A. D. , Barro F. I. , Kamta M. , Bitjoka L. , Nkeng G. E. , Kapseu C.
Published: February 2021

The aim of this work is to present a study of the recombination velocities at the junction initiating the shortcircuit (Sfsc) and limiting the open circuit (Sfoc) of a silicon solar cell under magnetic field in the static regime. From the continuity equation, the density of minority charge carriers in the base, the photocurrent density, and the phototension are determined. The study of the photocurrent density and the phototension, as a function of the junction recombination velocity, makes it possible to determine the recombination velocities at the junction initiating the short-circuit and limiting the open circuit respectively. From the profile of the variation of the photocurrent density and of the phototension as a function of the junction recombination velocity, a technique for determining the junction recombination velocities initiating the short circuit situation and limiting the open circuit is presented.
ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES DURING COVID-19 LOCKDOWN: A HOLISTIC REVIEW
Authors: Uyo CN , Iwuji KM , Asoegwu CR , Uyo NC , Acholonu CA , Ukpe AE
Published: February 2021

As an integral component of human, the environment is affected by every development effort in a particular way. From the very beginning of civilization, human beings gradually started manipulating the nature for their own benefit which has led to the degradation of the environment. As the novel corona virus disease pandemic (COVID-19) hit the world, human life has come to a halt as many Nations shut themselves off from work and other eminent life activities in order to curtail the spread of the virus, this indeed has grim implications for the world. Millions of deaths have occurred, social, economic and religious activities have been affected negatively. On the contrary, since numerous people’s activities and industrial operations have been shut off for several months in many parts of the globe, it is anticipated that there would be a rejuvenating process in the Biosphere, the Atmosphere and the hydrosphere. This study
Societies in Smart Cities: Lessons Learned from Waste Management
Authors: Earl Anna , Vas Chris , Beck Adam
Published: February 2021

Urbanization continues to gather pace creating wicked problems. Waste management is one such issue which is incongruent to the ambition of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goal 11 – Sustainable Cities and Communities. This paper draws on two case studies of local councils, Canterbury-Bankstown in Australia and Christchurch in New Zealand, to discuss how the councils are tackling the international waste management challenge as part of their creative smart city programs. In doing so, the paper identifies lessons that shine the light on the use of technology and data, funding, community, and government engagement.
Critical Discourse Analysis: A Critical Approach To Expose Hidden Realities In The Discourse Of Sustainable Development
Authors:   SZABIST, Ahmed Masood
Published: February 2021

The acceptability of sustainable development as the concept to response to increasing social environmental challenges has led many firms to adopt sustainable development in the form of corporate sustainability. However, the evidence show there is little impact of the so called sustainable activities of the firms on the society and environment and business as usual continues. In the paper it is suggested that to understand why such impact has not occurred we need to look at the current discourses on sustainable development and corporate sustainability through the lens of critical theory and its methodology of critical discourses analysis. Major discourses prevailing in Sustainable Development and Corporate Sustainability have been discussed. It is found out that dominant discourse of Business Case for Sustainability is marginalizing the other discourses that favor nature or society over economics as the central theme of sustainability. The implications of the findings is such that unless the dominant discourse Business Case for Sustainability is not challenged the goals of Sustainable Development would remain elusive and the path towards social and environmental degradation would continue.
DONMUŞ ÇATIŞMA ÇÖZÜMÜNE İKİ FARKLI YAKLAŞIM: AZERBAYCAN VE GÜRCİSTAN
Authors: KURT Selim
Published: February 2021

Sovyetler Birliği’nin dağılmasının Sovyet coğrafyasında neden olduğu güç boşluğu, pek çok çatışmanın fitilini ateşlemiştir. Balkanlardan Kafkasya’ya tarihsel temeli bulunan birçok anlaşmazlık 1990’lı yılların başında birer birer sıcak savaşa dönüşmüştür. Söz konusu savaşların sonunda imzalanan ateşkes anlaşmaları ise ne savaşın ne de barışın olmadığı bir ortam yaratarak, bahsi geçen çatışmaların Donmuş Çatışmalar olarak nitelendirilmesine neden olmuştur. Söz konusu çatışmaların üzerinden yaklaşık 20 yıla yakın bir süre geçse de bu durumda herhangi bir değişiklik olmamıştır. Ta ki, 2020 yılının Kasım ayına kadar… Söz konusu Donmuş Çatışmalar’dan biri olarak nitelenen ve diğerleri gibi kısa ve orta vadede çözümlenmesi çok da beklenmeyen Azerbaycan ile Ermenistan arasındaki Dağlık Karabağ Sorunu 27 Eylül tarihinde tekrar sıcak çatışmaya dönüşmüş ve 10 Kasım’da Ermenistan Devlet Başkanı Nikol Paşinyan’ın yenilgiyi kabul eden anlaşmanın imzalandığını tüm dünyaya duyurmasıyla çözümlenme yoluna girmiştir. Bahsi geçen anlaşmayla Azerbaycan işgal altındaki topraklarına yeniden kavuşmuştur. Böylelikle Dağlık Karabağ Sorunu’nun bir Donmuş Çatışma olmaktan çıkışına yönelik adım atıldığına şahitlik edilmiştir. Ancak Kafkaslar’daki diğer Donmuş Çatışma alanları olan Gürcistan sınırları içerisindeki Abhazya ve Güney Osetya da ise ters yönde bir akım gözlemlenmektedir. Özellikle Ağustos 2008 Savaşı’nın ardından her iki ayrılıkçı bölgenin bağımsızlığının Rusya Federasyonu tarafından tanınmasıyla sorunun daha da içinden çıkılmaz bir hal aldığı görülmektedir. Esasen bu zıtlığın nedeni olarak anılan süreçte ilgili ülkelerin sorunların çözümlerine yönelik olarak takip ettikleri iç ve dış politikalardaki farklılık gösterilebilir. Bu noktada Azerbaycan’ın doğal kaynak zenginliğini Rusya’nın kontrolü altında olmayan rotalardan dünya pazarlarına arz ederek elde ettiği geliri askeri gücünü desteklemek için kullanmasının yanı sıra Haydar Aliyev ve oğlu İlham Aliyev’in iktidarı döneminde uygulanan dengeli dış politikanın Dağlık Karabağ Sorunu’nun diğer örneklerden farklı bir şekilde bir Donmuş Çatışma olmaktan çıkarılmasında önemli bir rol oynadığı söylenebilir. Diğer taraftan Gürcistan, Azerbaycan gibi Rusya’nın kontrolü altından çıkmasını sağlayacak ve ordusunu güçlendirecek bir ekonomik zemine sahip değildir. Ayrıca özellikle batı destekli bir Renkli Devrim sonucunda iktidara gelen Mihail Saakaşvili’nin yakın ve güçlü komşusu Rusya’yı dikkate almayan tek taraflı (Batı yönelimli) dış politikası, diplomatik olarak Gürcistan’ı elini zayıflattığı gibi, Rusya’nın da tepkisini çekmiştir. Ekonomik zayıflık, dış politikada atılan yanlış adımlarla birleşince doğrudan Rusya’nın müdahil olduğu Abhazya ve Güney Osetya sorunları daha da derinleşerek, çözümsüzlüğünü korumuştur.
44 GÜNÜN ARDINDAN: 2020 KARABAĞ SAVAŞI’NIN ASKERİ AÇIDAN ANALİZİ
Authors: ÖZGEN Cenk
Published: February 2021

2020 Karabağ Savaşı, dar bir alanda yaşanan nispeten küçük ölçekli bir bölgesel savaş niteliğindedir. Ancak son dönemde yaşanan silahlı çatışmaların büyük bölümünde taraflardan en az birisinin devlet dışı aktör olması göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, Karabağ pratiği, günümüz dünyasında klasik devletler arası savaşları anlama açısından önemlidir. Bilhassa Azerbaycan Silahlı Kuvvetlerinin savaşta kullandığı bazı taktik ve silah sistemlerinin, 21. yüzyılda muharebe ortamının değişen doğasına ilişkin mühim ipuçları sunduğu değerlendirilmektedir. Harekât planı gereği sıklet merkezini cephenin güneyinde oluşturan Azerbaycan, esasen bir kuşatma manevrası icra etmiş ve nihai hedef olarak Ermeni kuvvetlerinin ana ikmal ve geri çekilme yolları üzerinde yer alan Şuşa kentini seçmiştir. Buna mukabil, Ermeni tarafının ise arazinin dağlık yapısından istifade ederek mevzi savunması yaptığına şahit olunmuştur. 2020 Karabağ Savaşı’na dair gözlemlerde en dikkat çekici hususlardan biri, klasik bir manevra harbi olmamasıdır. Ateş gücünün öne çıktığı savaşın tayin edici unsurları arasında insansız hava aracı sistemlerinin olduğuna ise şüphe yoktur. Bu çalışmada, 2020 Karabağ Savaşı’nın askeri açıdan analiz edilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
ARAP DEVLETLERİNİN İKİNCİ KARABAĞ SAVAŞI'NA YÖNELİK TUTUMU
Authors: MEHMED Ayten
Published: February 2021

Bu çalışmada Arap devletlerinin İkinci Karabağ Savaşına yönelik tutumu incelenerek bölgesel güvenlik politikalarında değişime dikkat çekmek hedeflenmiştir. Arap devletlerinin Karabağ Sorununa yönelik tutumunda son yıllarda önemli bir değişim yaşandığı görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda iki bölge arasında güvenlik alanında bağlılığın ve sınırların geçişkenliğinin artmasına paralel olarak yeni ilişki kalıplarının ortaya çıktığı iddia edilmiştir.
İRAN’IN İKİNCİ KARABAĞ SAVAŞI TUTUMU: TAKKE DÜŞTÜ KEL GÖRÜNDÜ
Authors: SARIKAYA Yalçın
Published: February 2021

2020 yılının sonunda yaşanan İkinci Karabağ Savaşı ile Azerbaycan 28 yıl boyunca Ermenistan’ın işgalinde kalmış olan topraklarını bu işgalden kurtarmak yönünde önemli bir kazanım elde etmiştir. Ateşkesi getiren Kasım 2020’deki mutabakat Rusya arabuluculuğunda imzalanmış, Türkiye ise bu mutabakat metninde belirtilmese de barış misyonunun gözetimi maksadıyla Karabağ’a asker gönderme imkânı elde etmiştir. Literatürde Güney Kafkasya’nın en önemli bölgesel aktörlerinden kabul edilen İran, bu savaş süresince izlediği siyaseti denge anlayışı ile izah etmeye çalışsa da, hem Azerbaycan kamuoyunun güçlü tepkisi ile karşılaşmış, hem kendi içindeki Türk nüfusun tepkisine maruz kalmış, hem de sonuca etki eden bir aktör olma imkânını yitirmiştir. Savaş başlayana kadarki İran resmi söylem ve yaklaşımı, savaşın başlamasıyla büyük bir testten geçmiş, İranlı yetkililerin ikilemler içeren, mütereddit ve şüphe içeren adımları Tahran’ın Azerbaycan’a ilişkin tutumundaki kusurları gün yüzüne çıkarmıştır. Bununla birlikte Azerbaycan’ın ve Türkiye’nin savaştan sonra ve tesis edilmesi muhtemel barışta İran’ı da bir paydaş olarak görmek istedikleri tespit edilmektedir.
Statistical Analysis of the effect of Changes in Pump Price on Consumption of Petrol in Owerri Municipal, Imo State Nigeria 1973-2016
Authors: Nwosu UI , Okonkwo CA
Published: February 2021

Transportation fare increases when motorists pay more for petrol and this occurs even when the case is marginal. In cases where the cost of petrol doubled, reports have shown that the increase in transportation was astronomical. This in turn affected everything else, including school fees and house rent. The present study considered statistical analysis of the effect of changes in pump price on consumption of petrol in Owerri municipal, Imo State Nigeria 1973-2016. The study statistically checked whether the number of individuals who buy petrol will decrease irrespective of need, if the price of petrol increases. The population of the study was made up of residents of Owerri municipal who buy and use fuel. A sample of 100 individuals were taken in which 67 were males and 33 were females. A pretest was conducted and the outcome yielded r = 0.78 indicating degree of consistency and reliability. Primary and secondary data were collected and used for the study. Regression model was used to confirm formulated hypothesis. Findings revealed that pump price determines consumption rate of petrol. The study recommends that government should deregulate the price of petrol to favour economy of consumers and facilitate the construction of domestic refineries.
FLOATING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM: A REVIEW
Authors: Archana Tomar  , Arpita Singh  , Amresh Gupta  , Satyawan Singh
Published: February 2021

The main motto of working on that article on floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) is to make a compiled report on the recent studies and research with special consideration on the principle mechanism of flotation to achieve gastric retention. The scientiﬁc and technological advancements were made in the last few years in the research and development of rate-controlled oral drug delivery systems by overcoming physiological difficulties, like short gastric residence times (GRT) and unpredictable gastric emptying times (GET). This review also epitomized the in-vitro procedure, in-vivo to assess the pursuance and implementation of floating systems, and applications of these systems. These methods are useful to various queries experienced during the development of a pharmaceutical dosage form.
BAURAN ORIETASI STRATEGI BERBASIS DEMOGRAFI UNTUK MENGOPTIMALKAN KINERJA UMKM : VARIABEL MODERASI ORIENTASI PERUBAHAN, MEDIASI KEUNGGULAN BERSAING PADA UMKM DI JAWA TENGAH INDONESIA
Authors: Darmanto  , Wardaya Sri
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian menganalisis pengaruh variabel demografi pada variabel anteseden orientasi pelanggan. orientasi strategi, kinerja UMKM,  pengaruh orientasi kewirausahaan, reward dan pembelajaran pada orientasi pelanggan, pengaruh orientasi pelanggan, pesaing pada orientasi inovasi, pengaruh orientasi pelanggan, pesaing, keunggulan bersaing pada Kinerja UMKM, peran perubahan organisai dalam memoderasi pengaruh orientasi pelanggan, pesaing pada orientasi inovasi. peran keunggulan bersaing dalam memediasi orientasi pelanggan, pesaing dan inovasi pada kinerja UMKM.  Populasi penelitian ini yaitu UMKM makanan di Jawa tengah. Sampel 750 dipilih dengan teknik convenience sampling, Analisis Cros tab dugunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variabel demografi pada variabel anteseden orientasi pelanggan, dimensi orientasi strategi dan kinerja organisasi. Pengaruh variabel anteseden pada orientasi pelanggan, dimensi orientasi strategi pada kinerja organisasi, peran variabel perubahan memoderasi orientasi pelanggan dan pesaing pada orientasi inovasi, peran variabel keunggulan bersaing memediasi orientasi pelanggan, inovasi dan pesaing pada kinerja organisasi di gunakan analisis Struktural Equation Model (SEM). Hasil analisis menunjukkanGender, usia, pedidikan, pengalaman dan jumlah karyawan berpengaruh pada variabel anteseden orientasi pelanggan, Gender, usia, pedidikan, pengalaman dan jumlah karyawan berpengaruh pada variabel orientasi strategi, Gender, usia, pedidikan, pengalaman dan jumlah karyawan berpengaruh pada kinerja, Kewirausahaan, reward dan pembelajaran berpengaruh pada orientasi pelanggan, Orientasi pelanggan dan pesaing berpengaruh pada orientasi inovasi, Orientasi pelanggan, pesaing, keunggulan bersaing berpengaruh pada Kinerja, Perubaahan organisai berperan memperkuat pengaruh orientasi pelanggan, pesaing pada orientasi inovasi, Keunggulan bersaing bersaing berperan memediasi pengaruh orientasi pelanggan, pesaing dan inovasi pada kinerja.
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI,PEMANFAATANSISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI DAN KEPERCAYAAN SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN
Authors: Astutik Tiyas Yuli , Marsono Shandy
Published: February 2021

Abstract

The aim to be achieved from this study is to provide empirical evidence that the effect of the effectiveness of accounting information systems, the use of accounting information systems, accounting information system trust significantly influence employees at PT. Delta DuniaTekstil II. The population in this study were all employees of the administrative staff produced by PT. Delta DuniaTekstil II. The sample of this study was 30 employees of the administration of the production of CD units. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The analysis technique consists of classic assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, t test, F test, and R. Questionnaires in the Test using Validity Test and Variable Test obtain valid and reliable results. The results of hypothesis testing indicate that the effectiveness of the SIA variable has a positive and significant effect on employee performance variables. The variable utilization of SIA has a positive and significant effect on employee performance variables. The SIA trust variable has a positive and significant effect on employee performance variables. Normality test results show that the assumption of normality, multicollinearity test does not have multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity test there are no variables that occur heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation test does not occur symptoms of autocorrelation. The adjusted R2 value of 82.5% means that the variability of employee performance can be explained by the variable effectiveness of the application of SIA, the use of SIA and the trustworthiness of the SIA while the remaining 17.5% is influenced by other factors outside the variables studied.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN BANK PEMERINTAH DENGAN BANK UMUM SWASTA NASIONAL
Authors: Widiyaningsih Vitalis Ari , Suwasono Heru
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa perbedaan kinerja antara bank pemerintah dan bank umum swasta nasional periode 2017-2019. Perbandingan kinerja diukur dari Capital, Aset Quality, Earning & Efficiency, dan Liquidity. Populasi daam penelitian ini adalah semua bank yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode penelitian yang berjumlah 33 bank. Metode sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah  4 bank pemerintah dan 4 bank umum swasta nasional. Teknik analisis data adalah uji beda yang dilakukan dengan independent sample t-test. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi empiris mengenai perbandingan kinerja bank pemerintah dengan bank umum swasta nasional. Kinerja yang dimasksud adalah dari nilai Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) yaitu mengenai kecukupan modal perbankan, Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) yaitu mengenai likuiditas perbankan, Non Performing Loan (NPL) yaitu mengenai kredit bermasalah, dan Net Interest Margin (NIM) yaitu mengenai profitabilitas perbankan.kinerja keuangan
BAGAIMANA MEMBUAT “BANTAL LEHER dan TAS JAGONG” DARI LIMBAH PERCA KAIN BATIK?
Authors: Hariyanti  , Nuryati
Published: February 2021

Pelatihan Pembuatan Bantal Leher dan Tas Batik ini berlokasi di kantor kelurahan Manahan dan di RW 3 Joglo dengan dihadiri total ibu-ibu PKK kurang lebih 50 dengan dihadiri para ibu pengurus tiap-tiap RT se-kecamatan Banjarsari Surakarta pada tanggal 27 Maret 2020, dan di Joglo tanggal 15 Juli 2020. Adapun metode yang digunakan ceramah, praktek, tanya jawab.. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberdayakan ibu-ibu PKK kecamatan Banjarsari Surakarta dengan memberi pengetahuan dan ketrampilan tentang pemanfaatan limbah perca kain batik diubah menjadi produk yang bernilai jual tinggi, sehingga dapat menambah pendapatan  keluarga dan berkembang menjadi usaha yang menjanjikan pada masa mendatang. Hasil akhir agar ibu-ibu PKK kecamatan Banjarsari Surakarta dapat membuat sendiri produk yang berbahan utama perca batik menjadi produk yang bermanfaat secara mandiri dirumah.. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi yang dilakukan ternyata secara umum ada peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan peserta dalam mengolah perca batik. Target setelah dilaksanakan pelatihan cukup menggembirakan 75% tujuan pelatihan tercapai dan sisanya perlu ditindak lanjuti dengan pendampingan untuk Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat berikutnya.
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE INTEREST OF ACCOUNTING STUDENTS TO BECOME EXTERNAL AUDITORS
Authors: Purwaningsih Endang , Chrismawati Agastasia
Published: February 2021

This research aims to analyze the influence of the intrinsic value of work, social values, work environment, personality, financial rewards, considerations job market, professional recognition, professional training on accounting student interests in choosing a career into an external audit. Samples used in 113 accounting students in the final semester or already following auditing course 1 and auditing course 2, from 7 colleges in Solo, Salatiga, Semarang, and Yogyakarta. Analysis techniques used multiple linear regression analysis.

As a result of this study, the intrinsic value of the work financial rewards, and job market considerations have a significant positive effect interest in accounting students in choosing a career to be external audit. Variables of social values, work environment, personality, professional recognition, and professional training are not and insignificant to the interest of accounting students in selecting career to become an external audit.
Comparison of OSCE Scores of Surgical Clinical Education after Face-to-face vs. Blended Learning Methods among undergraduate medical students
Authors: Masood Jawaid  , Lubna Baig  , Syed Moyn Aly  , Admin
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Objective: Clinical education is an important component of undergraduate medical education. This study compares the efficacy of blended learning (BL) with contemporary face to face (F2F) teaching among medical students by assessing their OSCE scores at end of clinical posting.

Methods: This experimental study was conducted in Dow University of Health Sciences from March to August 2014. Third-year medical students posted in the surgical units were divided into two groups. In the first month, one group in the unit was taught by BL while the second group posted in another unit was taught by F2F teaching. Both groups were assessed by same OSCE. In the second month, teaching method was flipped for both the groups with new learning contents. assessment was by the same OSCE for both groups. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 23 with inferential statistics with independent sample t test.

Results: A total of 28 students were assessed at the end of posting OSCE in F2F group and 31 students in blended group. There was significant difference in OSCE score [p value = 0.049] after F2F teaching method (78.01 ± 13.29) as compared to BL (85.12 ± 13.77). The domain of “log book” and “clinical examination” scored higher in F2F as compared to BL group.

Conclusion: This study showed that student performance can be improved with a blended surgical learning program. BL has proven to be more effective in comparison to face-to-face teaching alone, even in the setting of skill based curriculum like surgery.
BLANCHE DUBOIS AND STELLA KOWALSKI: VICTIMIZED SISTERS IN A MALE DOMINATED WORLD DEPICTED IN A STREETCAR NAMED DESIRE BY TENNESSEE WILLIAMS
Authors: SONAL Emine
Published: February 2021

This study examines the male attitudes towards the women in the play, A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams. This play will be examined based on Raewyn Connell’s concept of “hegemonic masculinity”. Tennessee Williams is a pioneer of modern American drama whose characters were inspired by members of his own family. His characters were portrayed eloquently in his plays and many of his plays were adapted for the screen. Williams was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Drama for A Streetcar Named Desire. In the play, financially and psychologically deprived, Blanche decides to reunite with her sister Stella who lives in New Orleans. Upon her arrival at her sister’s home, her life becomes more complicated after meeting her sister’s husband, Stanley. In this study, the gender stereotypes that Blanche and Stella fit into and Stanley’s patriarchal power over the two sisters will be discussed. The reasons for Stanley’s rude, violent and bullying behavior will be analyzed from the point of view of Connell’s concept of “hegemonic masculinity” under the following subheadings: gender stereotypes of Blanche DuBois and Stella Kowalski in A Streetcar Named Desire and the concept of “hegemonic masculinity” in relation to the protagonist Stanley Kowalski.
Narratological Analysis of Temporality in Novel
Authors: Abdulrraziq Nasr M. A. , Geedallah Ayman E. M.
Published: February 2021

This paper definitely attempts to intermingle them with regard to structural analysis. It adopted the theory of Gerard Genette,  the analysis of the famous novel  Great Expectations  by Charles Dickens, the main discussion concerns order and duration whereas frequency is ruled out. Consequently, order can be presented by two different narrative techniques; through the profound analysis of analepsis and prolepsis to show the chronological and anachronological order of the novel. A further analysis of the novel also includes the alternation of the four narrative movements of duration which are divided into techniques of deceleration; descriptive pause and scene whereas techniques of accelerations; ellipsis and summary. The diagrams and tables of the study aim to reach semi-statistical deduction for the chronological techniques of anachronism and its effect on the structure of the narrative time of the novel as whole, which gives a general idea about the system of the time in novel.
Depresyon ve Anksiyete Bozuklukları Üzerine Bir Bakış
Authors: KAFES Ali Yasin
Published: February 2021

Depresyon ve anksiyete toplumda en sık karşılaşılan iki hastalıktır. Bu hastalıkların beraber görülme olasılığı da oldukça yüksektir. Yapılan araştırmalarda depresyon hastalarının %75’inde aynı zamanda anksiyete bozukluğu da olduğu tespit edilmiştir. DSM 5 ile anksiyete bozuklukları başlığı altında birçok anksiyete hastalıkları belirlenmiştir. Depresyonun tanı grubunda yer alan semptomlara göre eşlik eden anksiyete bozukluğu da değişebilir. Bununla beraber depresyon tedavisinde eğer hastalığa anksiyete bozukluğu eşlik ediyorsa anksiyete göz ardı edilmemelidir. İlaç kullanımında sadece depresyon hastalarına göre ilacın miktarı daha fazla verilmelidir. Terapi sürecinde ise her iki hastalıkla koordineli olarak gidilmelidir. Makalenin amacı bu iki hastalık arasındaki ilişkiye literatür kapsamında ışık tutmaktır. Ayrıca hangi semptomun hangi anksiyete bozukluğu ile ilişkisi olabileceğine dair görüş bildirmektir.
Thyroid Hormone Resistance due to a Novel De Novo Mutation in Thyroid Hormone Receptor Alpha: First Case Report from the Middle East and North Africa
Authors: Al Shidhani Azza , Ullah Irfan , AlSaffar Hussain , Al Kindi Adila , Al Nabhani Hameeda , Al Yaarubi Saif
Published: February 2021

The physiological actions of thyroid hormone (TH) are mediated through TH alpha and TH beta receptors. Resistance to TH (RTH) is characterized by a lack of peripheral tissues’ response to the active form of TH. TH receptor beta has been extensively studied. Mutations in this receptor were considered the main reason for TH resistance for some time up until the discovery of mutations in TH receptor alpha (TRα) that has attained more focus and interest in recent years. A 13-year-old child with classic hypothyroidism features (coarse facies, growth and developmental delay, skeletal dysplasia, generalized muscular hypertrophy, and severe constipation) associated with near-normal thyroid hormone levels, which did not support the diagnosis of hypothyroidism biochemically. Therefore, progressing with whole-exome sequencing had revealed a de novo heterozygous mutation in a gene encoding TRα that establishes a diagnosis of RTHα. This case report demonstrates a rare form of TH resistance due to mutation of TRα. It also emphasizes that THs act through distinctive receptor subtypes in different target tissues. Moreover, this report aims to raise awareness about this genetic mutation, which is thought to be more common than expected. However, due to its subtle features and insidious presentation, many cases remain undiagnosed; hence, the disorder’s exact incidence is unknown.
Mediação de leitura literária digital com crianças
Authors: Araujo Mônica Daisy Vieira , Moro Roberta Gerling
Published: February 2021

Nos últimos anos, temos visto um aumento na produção de obras digitais para crianças e, devido à sua singularidade e complexidade, abrem novas discussões sobre a prática da leitura mediada. Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir acerca das demandas de mediação necessárias para garantir o envolvimento das crianças em situações de leitura literária digital. Apresentamos análises de duas pesquisas, realizadas no Brasil, a primeira envolvendo a leitura literária em dispositivos móveis, no contexto familiar, por crianças entre três e dez anos de idade, e a segunda, na leitura de obras digitais no computador por crianças de cinco anos de idade, no contexto escolar. As descobertas dos dois estudos apontam categorias e modos de mediação distintos que se relacionam aos tipos de dispositivos que foram realizadas as leituras, assim como às especificidades semióticas e de interação de cada obra. Verificamos que as crianças leitoras necessitam de orientação e motivação do adulto mediador para a execução de estratégias leitura para compreender o funcionamento da obra digital e conseguir se engajar de forma efetiva e autônoma.
Early results of laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection in rectal cancer surgery
Authors: Tran Duc Huy ,   Nguyen Huu Thinh, Le Trung Kien, Pham Ngoc Truong Vinh, Le Trinh Ngoc An, Nguyen Hoang Bac
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Introduction: There are controversies over the treatment options for pelvic lymph node metastasis in low rectal cancer. The role of neoadjuvant radiotherapy in radical treatment of pelvic lymph node metastasis is still unidentified. Total mesorectal excision (TME) with Laparoscopic pelvic lymph node dissection (LPLND) provides lower pelvic recurrence in 5 years than TME only.

Material and Methods: Prospective, uncontrolled clinical trial for patients with low rectal cancer (below peritoneal fold), who had suspected lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis on MRI scan and the patients did not have contraindication for laparoscopic surgery.

Result: From January 2017 to February 2018 we performed 12 cases of LPLND. There was no con-version to open surgery. The average time for lymphadenectomy is 75 minutes with an average amount of blood loss of 97ml. Only 1 case had postoperative urinary retention (8%). The rate of pos-itive pelvic node was 5.8%, with an average of resected nodes of 4.9 nodes. Lymph nodes size on MRI scan in the positive pelvic node group was 20.6mm, compared to 7mm in the negative group.

Conclusion: Laparoscopic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection is a feasible and safe technique and should be done by experienced colorectal surgeons. Aging, female sex and pelvic lymph node size on MRI are related to pelvic lymph node metastasis.
Robotic-assisted surgery for low rectal cancer: Initial experiences from 15 consecutive cases at Cho Ray Hospital
Authors: Lam Viet Trung ,   Tran Phung Dung Tien , Nguyen Vo Vinh Loc
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Conventional laparoscopic surgery for low rectal cancer has several challenges regarding the technique issues such as a limited range of motion instruments. With the advantages, Robotic-assisted surgery has resolved this problems compared with the conventional laparoscopic surgery because it’s dexterity could improve the range of motion instruments. To evaluate the short-term and early oncological outcomes of robotic-assisted surgery for low rectal cancer.

Material and Methods: Prospective study to describe one consecutive series of robotic-assisted laparoscopic resection for low rectal cancer at Department of Digestive Surgery of Cho Ray hospital.

Results: Between October 2017 and June 2018, robotic-assisted laparoscopic resection with total mesorectal excision has performed on 15 consecutive patients with rectal cancer at Cho Ray hospital. The mean age was 50. Male/ female ratio was 2.75/1. The types of procedures performed were: 13 low anterior resections (LAR), 1 intersphincteric resection with coloanal anastomosis, and 1 abdominoperineal resection (APR). The overall mean operation time was 240 minutes. None of the cases was converted to open procedure. Mean harvested lymph nodes were 12. There was no surgical morbidity or mortality. On the postoperative day 1 and 2, mean visual analog scale (VAS) scores were 3.5. Mean postoperative hospital stay was 7.5 days.
Conclusion: Robotic-assisted laparoscopic resection for low rectal cancer is a feasible and safe procedure with acceptable oncological results.
Initial outcomes of laparoscopic Heller-Dor myotomy fundoplication for (esophageal) achalasia at Nghe An Friendship General Hospital
Authors: Nguyen Van Huong ,   Dinh Van Chien, Nguyen Van Thuy, Xong Ba Dia
Published: February 2021

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study is to evaluate the outcomes, feasibility and safety of laparoscopic Heller – Dor method in treatment of esophageal achalasia or achalasia .

Material and Methods: it’s a descriptive cross-sectional study. The patients diagnosed an achalasia and underwent laparoscopic Heller myotomy and Dor fundoplication from 2014 to July 2019 enrolled.

Results: 12 patients diagnosed an achalasia were operated on by laparoscopic Heller myotomy and Dor fundoplication. Age mean 40.8 ± 4.2 (18 -65), male 58.3% and female 41.7%. 83.3% of patients have dysphagia, mean dysphagia time 12.8 ±5.2 (2-60) months, vomiting: 41.7% and weight loss: 100%, average weight loss was 6.7 ± 5.5 (3-15) kg ???.=> does not make sense ! X-ray with contrast of esophageal revealed bird beak sign: 41.7%, sigmoid form 16.7% normal or slight dilation 41.6%. ?? The average operation time was 138.8 ± 9,4 (77-180) mins. The complication occurred during the surgery (bleeding converted to open surgery). No other complications such as perforation occurred during and after the surgery. The average length of postoperative hospital stay was 7.5 ± 0.5 (5-11) days. Quality of life after surgery was very good and good in 83.3% and average 16.7%.

Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery in treatment of achalasia by Heller – Dor technique was safe and effective, with less postoperative pain, fast recovery and short hospital length stays. Almost patients satisfied with the results of this procedure. However, due to the sample size of this study is small so it is necessary to conduct other studies with larger sample size.
Impact of Acquisition on cost efficiency, operational hedging and returns of acquirer firms in Pakistan
Authors: Awan Tahira , Rizwan M. Faisal , Shah Syed Zulfiqar
Published: February 2021

The current study is aimed at checking the impact of the acquisition on the various short-run and long-run firm characteristics like abnormal returns, cost efficiency, and operational hedging of acquirer firms. Results have been analyzed for Pakistan Stock Exchange for a period of 2006 to 2019.  The acquisition may signal the future prospects of both acquirer and target firms.  The event study technique indicates the significant abnormal returns after 3 days of the acquisition announcement. However, pre-event statistics indicate abnormal returns for 5 out of 7 days before acquisition announcement. Researchers have calculated the cost efficiency scores for bidding firms three years prior to the acquisition and three years post-acquisition. Overall results suggest an improvement in the efficiency of the financial firms' overtime period. The non-financial sector is indicating opposite results where most of the firms are showing a declining trend in efficiency after the acquisition. Next, the impact of the acquisition on the operational volatility is checked. The empirical results have shown a large level decrease in the operational income volatility after the takeover deal. It shows that combined firms after acquisition brings the benefit of diversification thus reducing volatility and increasing operational hedging which may ultimately reduce financial hedging. The findings of the study may help regulators as well as acquiring companies to know the potential effects of the acquisition announcement.
SANTO TOMÁS DE VILLANUEVA: ESPIRITUALIDAD MARIANA Y SACERDOTAL
Authors: Máximo Lledó José
Published: February 2021

En el presente artículo se expone y se muestra la conexión entre la devoción a la Santísima Virgen María y la formación de los futuros sacerdotes en la espiritualidad de Santo Tomás de Villanueva, la íntima unión entre dos de sus grandes amores, la Virgen María y los sacerdotes. Siguiendo el evangelio del Buen Pastor y los sermones de su padre San Agustín sobre cuáles deben ser las cualidades del buen sacerdote, que tiene como modelo al único Pastor, que es el Señor Jesús, y para mejorar la formación de los sacerdotes ya desde el seminario, él funda el suyo propio, en 1550, el Colegio de la Presentación de la B. V. María en el Templo, que después delCapránica de Roma, es el primero del mundo, adelantándose al mandato de Trento que crea los seminarios. Finalmente, se resalta que lo más notable de su episcopado fue, sin duda, su misma vida, que gasta entregado a la santidad en el trabajo personal. Toda su persona es una predicación, un signo, una llamada. El mejor pasto que pudo ofrecer es el ejemplo de su vida entregada y desgastada en amorosa solicitud por la salvación de las almas.
SANTO TOMÁS DE VILLANUEVA Y LA CARIDAD COMO CENTRO DE SU TEOLOGÍA
Authors: Sánchez García José Luis
Published: February 2021

En este artículo partimos de algunos datos biográficos conocidos sobre los orígenes familiares del santo, como su vinculación con la ciudad de Alcalá de Henares, su labor como profesor universitario, sus diversas responsabilidades pastorales y de gobierno, su enorme influencia mediante la prédica en la sociedad de su tiempo, que alcanzó desde el pueblo llano hasta los más altos estamentos sociales, llegando al propio Emperador Carlos V que le hizo su consejero y predicador. A partir de todos estos datos y testimonios sobre su vida, intentamos vislumbrar y descubrir el sentido último de su teología de la caridad: Santo Tomás no predicaba solo con la palabra, a pesar de su capacidad de conmover a las personas, sino, ante todo, con el propio ejemplo iluminado y motivado por la lectura y la reflexión personal del Evangelio, madurado en la oración y en el sacrificio personal. Ciertamente, Santo Tomás hizo grandes obras de caridad y vivió en una gran austeridad personal, que todavía son recordadas, aunque siempre consideró que la mayor pobreza era realmente no tener a Dios. Su profundo sentido de la caridad iluminó la evangelización de su época, como sigue marcando la de la nuestra, por lo que podemos descubrir en el ejemplo y en la doctrina del santo, un precedente y fundamento para la teología de la caridad que encarna el Papa Francisco en nuestro tiempo.
Typhoon rainstorm simulations with radar data assimilation on the southeast coast of China
Authors: Tian Jiyang , Liu Ronghua , Ding Liuqian , Guo Liang , Zhang Bingyu
Published: February 2021

Abstract. As an effective technique to improve the rainfall forecast, data assimilation plays an important role in meteorology and hydrology. The aim of this study is to explore the reasonable use of Doppler radar data assimilation to correct the initial and lateral boundary conditions of the numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is applied to simulate three typhoon storm events on the southeast coast of China. Radar data from a Doppler radar station in Changle, China, are assimilated with three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3-DVar) model. Nine assimilation modes are designed by three kinds of radar data and at three assimilation time intervals. The rainfall simulations in a medium-scale catchment, Meixi, are evaluated by three indices, including relative error (RE), critical success index (CSI), and root mean square error (RMSE). Assimilating radial velocity at a time interval of 1 h can significantly improve the rainfall simulations, and it outperforms the other modes for all the three storm events. Shortening the assimilation time interval can improve the rainfall simulations in most cases, while assimilating radar reflectivity always leads to worse simulations as the time interval shortens. The rainfall simulations can be improved by data assimilation as a whole, especially for the heavy rainfall with strong convection. The findings provide references for improving the typhoon rainfall forecasts at catchment scale and have great significance on typhoon rainstorm warning.
The effect of abuse of the using of husband for his righ to discipline his wife (comparative study between fiqh and law)
Authors:   Mustaqbal University, KSA, Abdel Aziz Dalia Kadry , AL sayed Rehab Moustafa ,   Mustaqbal University, KSA
Published: February 2021

We have discussed the position of both Islamic jurisprudence and the law from effect of the effect of abuse of the the using of husband for his righ to discipline his wife , in Islamic jurisprudence, there are special effects that vary according to the method that the husband abused whether preaching, leaving or beating and there are general effects whatever the method used to the discipline of the wife. The personal status laws did not discuss this matter, but we can conclude the right of wife to divorce for this reason through expansion of texts discuss the divorce for damage. The positions of criminal laws in Arab countries differed in the recognition of the right of husband to discipline his wife, there are who explicitly recognize this right and there are who refers the matter to the provisions of Islamic low, and there are who silent about this matter although it mentioned the others reasons for using the right. Western criminal laws did not recognize the right of husband to discipline his wife, so he is fully responsible for any attack on his wife.
The Most Important Legislative Amendments Related to the Effect of the Contract Towards the Third Party in the French Civil Code Amended in 2016 and 2018
Authors:   Ajman University - UAE, Fattal Raghid
Published: February 2021

The French decree no. 131/2016 promulgated on Feb.10, 2016, and the Law no. 287/2018 promulgated on April 20, 2018 have amended many issues in the French Civil Code, including the doctrine “the contract has effect towards the parties only”. However, this doctrine is not very clear, and needs to be interpreted according to the new legislations. This shall include the idea that “the third party shall respect the legal status created by the contract”, and the idea that the third party can benefit from the legal status created by the contract as well. The doctrine according to which the simulated contract does not have effect towards the third party, and the nullity of the contract that simulates the true price, and how the amendments of the articles 1199 and 1200 of the French Civil Code affect the courts decisions that allow the third party to oblige the seller to execute the sale contract. It is also important to mention the conditions that allow the third party to sue for damages, the debtor who did not perform his/her contractual duties. We would like also to mention the opinions of the Law projects makers, and to compare the laws with the UAE Civil Transactions Law. The new doctrine of “binding himself on behalf of a third party” and the doctrine of “stipulation for the benefit of a third party” shall be interpreted according to the new legislations.
Unexceptional Violence in Exceptional Times: Disablist and Ableist Violence During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Thorneycroft Ryan , Asquith Nicole L
Published: February 2021

It is well established that violence and oppression towards vulnerable and marginalised communities are intensified and compounded during times of social upheaval, and the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated disablist and ableist violence against disabled people. During the first year of the pandemic, we have been confronted with instances of violence meted out to disabled subjects. In this article, we provide a theorisation of such violence. Based on an assemblage of our collective readings of Butler, Campbell and Young, as well as our own observations and experiences, we suggest that added anxieties currently confronting people’s fragile corporeal embodiment are licensing abled subjects to violate disabled subjects to put them back in their place. Through an excavation of ‘Norms, Binaries, and Anxieties’, ‘Abjection, Substitutability, and Disavowal’, and ‘Ableism and (Un)grievability’, we trace the social contours of disablist and ableist violence, both within and beyond the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and provide a way of imagining otherwise to resist this violence.
Wyjść z milczenia. Dekolonialne zmagania kultury i literatury ukraińskiej XXI wieku z traumą posttotalitarną
Authors:   University of Wroclaw, Matusiak Agnieszka
Published: February 2021

W książce tytułowe milczenie symbolizuje treści wyparte z ukraińskiej świadomości społecznej w sferę kolektywnego nieświadomego, zaś wyparcie to, podążając tropem myśli freudowskiej, staje się przyczyną wyniknięcia traum(y) społecznych, które swoje przełożenie znajdują w praktykach kulturowych. W przekonaniu moim trauma, doznana przez społeczeństwo ukraińskie pod wpływem totalitaryzmów oraz jej posttraumatyczne symptomy, manifestujące się po rozpadzie imperium sowieckiego w szeregu narracji, dyskursów i doświadczeń politycznych, ekonomicznych, gospodarczych, społecznych i kulturowych, należy, podobnie jak w innych krajach byłego bloku wschodniego, do centralnych problemów społeczno-kulturowych [...]. Rozgrywające się na Ukrainie od końca 2013 roku dramatyczne wydarzenia: Rewolucja Godności, aneksja Krymu oraz wojna we wschodnich obwodach ukraińskich tragicznie zaktualizowały i zaktywizowały tę kwestię, pokazując, jak nieprzepracowane/(za)milczane traumy totalitarnej opresji - zwłaszcza z czasów II wojny światowej, kiedy to na Ukrainie skumulowało się w sposób ekstremalny oddziaływanie dwóch totalitaryzmów: sowietyzmu i nazizmu, symbiotycznie rzutujące w pewnym zakresie na niemalże pierwsze dziesięciolecie powojnia – nieja-ko «przygotowały grunt» w przestrzeni społecznej współczesnej Ukrainy pod zaistnienie konfliktu, w którym sfera memorialna stała się swoistym zaczynem dla pączkowania i wcielania w życie neoimperialnych zamysłów putinowskiej Rosji
TOWARDS ACTIVATION OF THE EMPATHIC RESOURCES DURING TERMINAL CARE – AN ART AND/OR A NECESSITY?
Authors:   Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria., Mihaylova Vanina , Liochkova Mariana ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria., Bivolarski Iliya ,   Department of General and Clinical Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Medicine Faculty, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria., Tarnovska Miglena ,   Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria., Shopov Dimitar ,   Department Health Management and Economy of Health, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria., Alakidi Adolf ,   Department of Epidemiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: February 2021

A brief historical-analytical review of the origin, essence, and development of empathy has been made. The theoretical measurements in the study of the empathic ability are subject to special attention. On the basis of topical definitions of the concept, the application of the approach in different spheres of life, and more specifically in medical practice, has been discussed. The types of communicative behavior in primary medical practice have been differentiated. A theoretical, applied method of communication intervention within the framework of operationalization and scaling of the empathic interaction is proposed. On the basis of the assumption of a genetically determined property of co-experience, the preconditions for the establishment of optimal interpersonal context upon exchange of information between the physician and the patient and making medical decisions have been outlined. Led by the so systematized and analyzed models and considering the specification of the transformed and activated empathic resources in cases of terminal conditions, an attempt has been made for the presentation of an extensive type of empathic interaction, applied in palliative medicine. The outlining of key messages in cases of terminal conditions in the specified model is complex and at the same time an open, dynamic process, requiring adaptation and enrichment with parameters of religious, ethnical and social nature, and other factors of psychological, spiritual and bio-ethical type in the complex interactive space of palliative medicine.