bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of the effect of decompression techniques on the range of motion of the vertebrae in the thoracolumbar spine in dogs
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Muracheva Olga V. , Kozlov Nikolay A. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Starynina Victoria S. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Lyaskovsky Igor D. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia
Published: March 2024

The work was carried out with the aim of conducting a comparative analysis of the effect of hemilaminectomy and mini-hemilaminectomy on the range of motion of the vertebrae in the thoracolumbar spine in dogs and to establish a correlation between changes in the range of motion of the vertebrae at the site of decompression and in adjacent spinal motion segments with the incidence of relapses of intervertebral disc extrusions and the emergence of a «domino effect». The research was carried out in 2023 on the basis of the Department of Veterinary Surgery of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education MGAVMiB – MBA named after K. I. Scriabin. The object of the study was sectioned material from dogs of chondrodystrophic breeds (n=5), the subject of the study was the thoracolumbar section of the spinal column Th10-S1. The range of motion of the vertebrae in each individual spinal motion segment was studied by comparing their positions in the neutral position, during flexion and during extension: in the native state – 3 samples, in the native state and after hemilaminectomy at the Th13-L1 level – 1 sample, in in the native state and after performing a mini-hemilaminectomy at the Th13-L1 level – 1 sample. At the site where the decompression technique was applied, the range of Th13-L1 vertebral motion increased by 51,66 % with hemilaminectomy and decreased by 0,76 % with mini-hemilaminectomy (the difference is statistically significant, p=0.001). In the adjacent spinal motion segment Th12– Th13, the range of vertebral motion increased by 22,25 % with hemilaminectomy and by 8,39 % with mini-hemilaminectomy (the difference is statistically significant, p=0,01). The correlation coefficient between the frequency of relapses of extrusions and changes in the range of motion of the vertebrae at the site of decompression is 0,71, which indicates a relationship between the average tightness between the analyzed indicators. The correlation coefficient for the risk of the «domino effect » and changes in the range of motion of the vertebrae in spinal motion segments adjacent to the site of decompression is 0,77, which indicates a strong correlation between the analyzed indicators.
Biochemical and hematological characteristics of blood of red steppe breed cows in Pavlodar region of Kazakhstan
Authors:   Toraigyrov University, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan, Dzhaxybayeva Gulnara G. , Bekseitov Toktar K. ,   Toraigyrov University, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan, Akhazhanov Erzhan K. ,   Toraigyrov University, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan, Kochnev Nikolay N. ,   Novosibirsk State Agricultural University, Novosibirsk, Russia, Syrovatsky Maxim V. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA named after K. I. Skryabin MBA, Moscow, Russia, Beketov Sergey V. ,   Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Published: March 2024

To predict the breeding and productive characteristics of cattle, along with molecular genetic markers, biochemical and hematological indicators are used. The purpose of the study is to conduct a hemato-biochemical analysis of the blood serum of red steppe cows in the Pavlodar region of Kazakhstan. Deviations of protein level from the norm indicates metabolic disorders in the body, ration of animals. The total protein in the blood serum of cows is in the upper limit of reference values and makes 81,07±4,28 g/L. Determination of bilirubin content in blood allows to find out the ability of the liver to secrete bile. Total bilirubin amounted to 1,58±0,26 umol/L, which does not exceed the specified values. Urea is the end product of protein metabolism. Its content in blood increases with delayed excretion by kidneys. In the blood serum of cows the concentration of urea is 4,91±0,22 mmol/L. In biochemical analysis, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase are an indicator of cell damage in internal organs. Aspartateaminotransferase was 105,9±8,46 U/L, is within the reference values, indicating the absence of disorders in nitrogen metabolism. The concentration of alanine aminotransferase enzyme was 47,3±4,07 U/L, also indicating the absence of damage in the liver. Cholesterol as an important structural element of cell membrane participates in the formation of complexes with proteins of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Total cholesterol content – 4,72±0,32 mmol/L. Decrease in blood sugar level is a symptom of serious disturbance of carbohydrate metabolism and lack of glycogen reserves in liver and muscles. Decrease of sugar content in blood of cows can be considered as a result of mismatch of energy intake with feed and its expenditure on metabolic processes and milk formation. Glucose concentration was 2,00±0,31 mmol/L. Insignificant deviation from the reference values of amylase enzyme, which hydrolyzes starch and glycogen, was detected. The level of these blood proteins is characterized by great stability and is subject to small fluctuations under normal conditions. The concentration of the enzyme totaled 73,7±6,37 U/L.
Preservation of raw milk samples with a food additive nizin (E-234)
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Malofeeva Natalya A. , Orlova Elena S. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Bachinskaya Valentina M. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia
Published: March 2024

In order to preserve the initial organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological parameters, raw milk samples for veterinary and sanitary examination are transported to the laboratory in a chilled form within a short period of time. Preservatives, which eliminate the need to cool samples, affect the initial milk parameters, pose a danger to laboratory workers and change organoleptics. This paper presents data on the effect of the safe food additive nizin (E-234) at a concentration of 0,03 g/0,5 l on the initial organoleptic (taste, color, odor and consistency) and physico-chemical (mass fraction of fat, protein, skimmed milk residue (SOMO), density, titrated acidity) indicators milk stored at room temperature. It was found that nisin slows down the change in physico-chemical parameters due to spoilage, but causes an increase of 0,14 % in the mass fraction of protein, 1,28 kg/ m3 in density, 0,32 % in the mass fraction of SOMO after 24 hours of experiment. Two methods of reducing the concentration of nisin in the samples were tested: heat treatment of milk and dilution of the preservative before each application. Heat treatment had a weak effect, the indicators decreased by an average of 0,04 %, 0,07 %, 0,22 kg/m3 for protein, SOMO and density, respectively. The second method turned out to be simpler and more effective – the true values of protein, SOMO and density indicators were preserved for the first 6–18 hours of sample storage.
Current problems in the fight against Marek's disease and ways to solve them
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russia, Shashurina Victoriya M. , Ryazanov Igor G. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russia, Nikonov Ilya N. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin, Moscow, Russia
Published: March 2024

Marek’s disease virus (MDV) causes a deadly lymphoproliferative disease in chickens, resulting in huge economic losses in the poultry industry. MDV causes an economically important disease in chickens, and there is no evidence of MDV infections in humans. Vaccination forms the basis of the current MD control program. MDV replicates and sheds from feather follicle epithelial cells and intermediate epidermal layers of the foot skin in cell-free form into the environment. Vaccination induces anti-MDV T cell responses, which reduce host symptoms and prolong survival, but it fails to inhibit virus replication and shedding. Failure to induce sterile immunity has led to the emergence of more virulent strain. The virus is currently being studied in more detail for the further development of new effective vaccines. Immunodiffusion test, PCR and real-time PCR are used to isolate the virus from pathologic material.
The effect of domestication on the interior indicators of representatives of the marten family (Mustelidae)
Authors:   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Fedorova Oksana I. , Orlova Elena A. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia, Paraskiva Ekaterina E. ,   Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – MVA by K. I. Skryabin”, Moscow, Russia
Published: March 2024

The article examines the impact of domestication and selection of fur-bearing animals on live body weight and the absolute and relative weight of some internal organs of three representatives of the mustelidae family (Mustelidae): mink, ferret and sable. During the work, the parameters of the liver, spleen, heart, lungs and kidneys were studied in females and males of each species. It was established that over the past period of domestication in minks (both females and males), the parameters of the considered internal organs increased manifold (from 1,84 to 2,70 times). In farm ferrets, regardless of gender, enlargement of the studied organs was also noted, but to a lesser extent (from 1,35 to 2,20 times). In farm sables, during cage breeding, the size of the liver (1,6 times in females and 1,1 times in males), heart (1,1 times in females and 1,2 times in males), lungs increased slightly – in females (1,2 times) and kidneys in females and males (1,2 times). The size of the spleen did not change and a decrease in the lungs was noted in males (0,9 times). Thus, it can be stated that in the species of fur-bearing animals under consideration, the process of domestication has an impact to varying degrees: the greatest in American minks and the least in sables.
Prognostic Model of the State of GNSU Using Big Data Analysis and Neural Networks
Authors: Turchyn O.
Published: March 2024

This research aims at creation of a prognostic model for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNNS) by combination of big data analysis and refined neural networks. Problem solving comes to the front where we plan to improve the reliability and resiliency of satellite navigation systems with the help of data analytics and using both historical and real-time data. Methodology: Research methodologies cover the integrating of datasets on satellites telemetry, environment and historical system, involving processing and collection of the data systematically. Analyses of Big Data use to reveal hidden patterns inside GNSS data, moreover neural networks, and particularly deep learning networks are trained to recognize complex, nonlinear patterns which may possibly be symptoms of a problem. Result: The model exhibits a degree of disruption early on thus allowing us to take a proactive approach to the problem which reduces downtime and optimizes the system overall. The qualitative assessment involves criteria like accuracy, accuracy rate, recall, and F1 score which demonstrate the models capacity of non-GNSS prediction. By its design, the model is aligning with the development of GNSS technologies and raising new obstacles to be solved, so it will remain useful in changed environments. Conclusion: This research clearly shows that gap filling can be a possible solution whereby satellite navigation systems will be embedded with predictive capabilities regardless of the fast evolving technology environment. The results also demonstrate the ways GNSS may be applied for the development of new navigation service technologies, such as in the transport, mining and agriculture sectors. The model should be monitored and improved hardly, and adaptation to new problems is extremely important for the constant scalability and reliability of GNSS
Monitoring the Durability Issues of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures
Authors: Sarsam Saad Issa
Published: March 2024

The asphalt concrete mixture is prone to environmental issues such as moisture damage and ageing. This may exhibit a great significance in the service performance of asphalt concrete pavement mixtures which may be more susceptible to many types of early distresses throughout its fatigue life. In the present investigation, asphalt concrete mixtures were prepared and compacted with the aid of laboratory roller compaction into a slab samples. optimum binder content was implemented. Extra samples were prepared at higher and lower binder content of 0.5 % (above and below the optimum). Asphalt concrete beam specimens were obtained from the prepared slab samples with the aid of a diamond saw. Part of the Asphalt concrete beam specimens were tested under four point’s repeated flexural stresses after practicing moisture damage while another part was subjected to long term ageing. The rate of change in the flexural strength was monitored and compared among the various testing conditions at 20 ºC environment and under constant micro-strain level of 750. It was observed that the lower flexural strength was observed for moisture damaged specimens while higher flexural strength could be detected for aged specimens as compared with the control mixtures. The binder content exhibits a significant influence on flexural strength of the asphalt concrete specimens since it declines significantly at higher or lower binder content as compared with that of specimens prepared at the optimum.
Seismic Risk Assessment of Existing Buildings of HSTU Campus in Dinajpur
Authors: Mostazid Md. Ibrahim
Published: March 2024

Bangladesh is at high risk of earthquakes due to its geographic location. Earthquakes can cause widespread damage to buildings and infrastructure, as well as significant loss of life, due to the sudden release of energy in the form of seismic waves. Therefore, identifying and assessing the vulnerability of existing buildings is crucial for earthquake risk reduction. Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU) is situated just 13 kilometers from Dinajpur, which falls under zone II, a medium-risk zone according to the Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC, 1993). This study aims to evaluate the seismic vulnerability of HSTU's existing buildings. A widely used seismic assessment technique, the Turkish two-level assessment procedure, was employed in this study to identify seismically vulnerable buildings. A total of 79 buildings were surveyed at level I, considering vulnerability parameters such as soft storey, heavy overhanging, pounding effect, topographic effect, short column, shape of building, number of storeys, apparent quality of building, and soil type. Based on these parameters, performance scores were assigned to each building, and they were classified into damage categories of safe, moderate, and unsafe at level I. Digital photographs of each building from at least two directions were taken for easy identification. All 79 buildings on the HSTU campus were found to be safe after the level I survey. Level II assessment was conducted on only one building to validate the level I findings, and it was classified as a low-risk structure. A significant outcome of this study is the identification of damage categories and the potential to reduce seismic risk at HSTU by creating a comprehensive building inventory.
Behavior of Steel Sections with Different Geometries Under Impact Load
Authors: Ağcakoca Elif
Published: March 2024

In this article, experimental and finite element analysis studies were carried out at different impact heights of steel beams with different geometric cross-sections. The behavior of elements with varying cross-sectional properties was examined when subjected to hammer loads dropped from different heights. In the experimental study, boundary conditions were established using a 2000 mm long rectangular cross-section beam element with pin and roller supports. The behavior of the steel beam under impact load was analyzed using Abaqus Explicit three-dimensional finite element models. Subsequently, a validation process ensuring convergence was performed before conducting a parametric study. 6 finite element models were constructed for the parametric study, comprising circular and ellipse-section steel elements with approximately equivalent unit weights. The cross-sectional geometry and hammer height were varied while keeping the boundary conditions consistent with the samples examined. As the height of the hammer drop increased, the displacement value, Von-Mises stress, and PEEQ (plastic equivalent strain) values of the elements also increased. When transitioning the cross-sectional shape of the beam element from a circle to an ellipse at a constant hammer height, it resulted in a decrease in the displacement value, Von-Mises stress, and PEEQ values. The results indicate that the maximum displacement, highest stress, and PEEQ value are observed in the E#2000 scenario. Similarly, the smallest displacement, lowest stress, and PEEQ value are exhibited in the C#1400 case.
Investigation of the Mechanical and Physical Properties of Structural Lightweight Concrete Produced with Expanded Clay Aggregate from Söğüt Region
Authors: Yildiz İsmail
Published: March 2024

The use of mild materials shows an increasing tendency in industrial areas. These materials are also preferred to reduce the unit weight of the building elements in the construction sector. Various light aggregates are used to produce light concrete with a lower density than normal concrete, and the properties of these light aggregates significantly affect the properties of the concrete. In this study, the use of expanded clay aggregate (ECA) produced in the Söğüt region in structural lightweight concrete was examined. Expanded clay, sand, and crushed stone aggregate were used as aggregates in concrete mixtures. The mixture granulometry was kept the same for each group. For this purpose, 60 samples were prepared for a total of 4 mixtures with different contents. Slump and unit volume weight tests were carried out on fresh concrete samples, and compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strength tests were carried out on 7- and 28-day-hardened concrete samples. Some of the concrete mixture samples were subjected to tests after being kept in the curing pool for 7 days, and some for 28 days. As a result of the experiments, the unit weight and compressive strength values obtained from the samples produced with ECA as coarse and fine aggregate in order to achieve the highest strength target are 1413 kg/m³ and 30 MPa, respectively. The same values were found to be 1652 kg/m³ and 39 MPa in the samples produced with river sand as fine aggregate and ECA as coarse aggregate. In the samples produced using ECA as fine aggregate and crushed stone aggregate as coarse aggregate, these values were also found to be 1689 kg/m³ and 50 MPa.
Cultural Introduction Application in Lembata Regency, NTT Using Android-Based Augmented Reality
Authors: Kusumo Bagus Wibowo , Hermawan Arief
Published: March 2024

There are a lot of ways to conserve the Indonesian cultures, like using traditional things to create clothes, traditional houses, cultures, traditional dances, etc. The newest way to introduce Indonesia cultures is by making an application that can introduce the traditional culture. This research will focus in introducing the culture of Lembata Regency in Nusa Tenggara Timur using augmented reality technology. The application will use augmented reality technology based on android to show 3D product. This idea occurs because the limitation of information that shared by the government of Lembata Regency through its website. The understanding of local culture can give new experience to citizen and pushed them to filter the foreign culture that entering Indonesia by using virtual understanding. The Indonesian culture that localized in Lembata Regency NTT started to pushing back and threatened to be replaced by the foreign culture. That will make the citizen of Lembata Regency will loses their identity. The lack of information that provide by the local government, like the unavailability of local website that can be used to introduce the local culture is become the main idea for this research. The outcome of this research is an augmented reality application that can turned picture into 3D form. This application is mainly use to attract young generation awareness of the local culture.
L’antibiogramme : interprétation, pièges et nouveautés
Authors: Barnier Jean-Philippe , Lebeaux David
Published: March 2024

L’évolution rapide de la résistance aux antibiotiques, en particulier chez les bactéries à Gram négatif, nécessite des outils fiables pour guider l’antibiothérapie. La détermination de la sensibilité aux antibiotiques est donc une activité centrale des laboratoires de microbiologie clinique. Le but est d’assurer l’adéquation entre le traitement antibiotique et la sensibilité des isolats bactériens, de détecter les résistances acquises, et de fournir des données pour le suivi de l’épidémiologie de la résistance aux antimicrobiens. De nombreuses méthodes d’antibiogramme sont disponibles : microdilution en milieu liquide, méthode automatisées, diffusion en milieu gélosé. Toutes ces techniques offrent des résultats qualitatifs :  catégorisation des isolats bactériens en sensible, intermédiaire ou résistant et certaines des résultats quantitatifs (concentration minimale inhibitrice). De plus, l’antibiogramme est un outil essentiel pour la détection de mécanismes de résistance émergents, malgré les progrès de la génomique. Si de nombreux outils permettant la détection rapide des mécanismes de résistance sont aujourd’hui disponibles, il est probable que l’antibiogramme gardera une place importante dans la prise en charge des infections bactériennes dans les prochaines années. Son interprétation, parfois complexe, impose un dialogue entre le microbiologiste et le clinicien.
Dysfonction énergétique au cours du sepsis
Authors: Préau Sébastien , Pierre Alexandre , Favory Raphael , Brassart Benoit , Durand Arthur , Bourel Claire , Lancel Steve
Published: March 2024

Le sepsis est caractérisé par une libération massive d’hormones de stress et de cytokines, qui modifient profondément le métabolisme de l’organisme induisant un déséquilibre énergétique. Une première phase d’atténuation du métabolisme permet à l’organisme de reprioriser les postes de dépense énergétique afin de lutter contre l’infection. Cet état est suivi par un hypermétabolisme chez les patients survivants accompagnant les processus de récupération cellulaire. Un catabolisme intense s’instaure rapidement afin de survivre, puisant dans les réserves énergétiques et altérant le métabolisme des glucides, des lipides et des protéines. La mitochondrie, véritable centrale énergétique de la grande majorité de nos cellules, est profondément endommagée et participe directement aux dysfonctions d’organes et au devenir des patients. La récupération mitochondriale dépend de ses voies de contrôle qualité, qui sont mises en défaut face à aux situations extrêmes observées chez les patients les plus graves. Cette revue abordera des éléments de physiologie du métabolisme puis détaillera les perturbations du métabolisme induites par le sepsis et enfin discutera de l’implication de la mitochondrie.
Usages et mésusages du Doppler transcrânien
Authors: Ritzenthaler Thomas , Dailler Frédéric
Published: March 2024

Le Doppler transcrânien, au même titre que l’examen ultrasonographique des autres organes, s’est imposé dans la prise en charge des patients critiques. Il se révèle utile pour le diagnostic du vasospasme dans les suites des hémorragies sous-arachnoïdiennes, dans la recherche d’une hypertension intracrânienne ou la recherche de facteur de mauvais pronostic dans les suites d’un traumatisme crânien, ou encore dans la recherche d’un arrêt circulatoire cérébral. Cet examen ne peut toutefois se concevoir qu’en complet de l’examen clinique et du bilan morphologique radiographique, et s’il est facile d’obtenir des valeurs, leur interprétation nécessite un minimum de connaissances physiopathologiques et d’expérience.
Discovering Differences in Consciousness of Facial Features Among Japanese University Students in the Year of Admission According to COVID-19
Authors: Komiya Nozomi
Published: March 2024

Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine the significant differences in students' awareness of appearance between those admitted to universities during the COVID-19 pandemic and those admitted when the pandemic was deemed controlled in Japan.

Methodology: The author hypothesized notable variations in the change of self-consciousness regarding appearance, particularly facial appearance, contingent upon the year of admission. To test this hypothesis, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 428 students in Japan attending universities as of Fiscal Year 2023 to gauge their facial self-consciousness.

Main Findings: The initial analysis focused on changes in body image and facial self-consciousness. However, due to the predominant focus on facial aspects, a chi-squared test was allowed to determine the relationship between the year of admission and changes in facial self-consciousness. The results indicated a significant difference between the admission year and changes in facial self-consciousness, with the largest difference between 2020 and 2023.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The author used Cross-tabulation and Chi-Square analyses to compare previous years with 2023. The findings showed significant differences in facial self-consciousness depending on the admission year, with a p-value of less than 0.05. The results indicated statistically significant differences in facial self-consciousness among students admitted in 2020. (p < .05,  =.005, =.014, ­­ =.016).
A Comparison of Hilbert and Fast Fourier Transform Techniques for Reciprocating Motors
Authors: Fatkhurrokhman Abdillah , Subekti Subekti  , Nur Indah
Published: March 2024

Human existence has been significantly impacted by the growth of information and technology, particularly in relation to the requirement for effective mobility. But as a car ages, symptoms that affect its performance and safety start to show. These symptoms are a serious worry. Interference with car parts, such coils, is one issue that can have a major effect on driving safety and performance. Vibration analysis techniques have been successful in addressing this problem by detecting damage to different car parts. With the intention of comprehending piston motor vibration characteristics at different rotational speeds. The piston motor was used to collect vibration data at three distinct speeds: 900 rpm, 1500 rpm, and 3500 rpm. Both the Hilbert approach, which offers profound insight into frequency energy, and an FFT analyzer, which produces clear frequency spectrum information, were used in the analysis. The findings demonstrated that vibration characteristics changed in response to variations in reciprocating motor speed. On the other hand, the average frequency energy tends to remain constant across a range of speeds, suggesting that the features of reciprocating motors may be complicated and not very affected by variations in speed. According to this study, different perspectives on the vibration characteristics of piston motors operating at different speeds can be gained by utilizing vibration analysis techniques like FFT and Hilbert. Improved comprehension of this phenomenon could have a significant impact on maintenance initiatives and performance analysis of vehicles. To fully understand the complexity of vibration characteristics in reciprocating motors at various speed conditions, more research will be needed
Redesign of venting machine to reduce scrap defect crease in tires manufacture company
Authors: Aziz Fajar Abdul , Subekti Subekti
Published: March 2024

An apparatus for venting or perforating green tires in order to release trapped air is known as a-venting machine. Productivity will drop in May and July of 2023 as a result of scrap issues brought on by green tire defect creases. The term "defect crease" refers to a flaw in which the operator's manual hand rotation causes silicon to adhere to the side or tread ending of the green tire. Modifications were made with the intention of reducing scrap brought on by defect creases in order to lessen this issue. In order to eliminate the need for the operator to manually rotate the green tire, the roll driver that was initially fixed was replaced with one that can rotate automatically. The scrap defect decrease was 93.15% lower as a result of the modification, going from 73 ppm in the May–July 2023 period to 5 ppm in the September–November 2023 period
SimCoDe-NET: Similarity Detection in Binary Code using Deep Learning Network
Authors: Poornima S. , Mahalakshmi R.
Published: March 2024

Binary code similarity detection is a fundamental task in the field of computer binary security. However, code similarity is crucial today because of the prevalence of issues like plagiarism, code cloning, and recycling in software due to the ongoing increase of software scale. To resolve these issues, a novel SIMilarity detection in binary COde using DEep learning NETwork (SimCoDe-NET) has been proposed. Initially, op-code features are extracted from the input data by using reverse engineering process and the opcode embedding is generated using N-skip gram method. The extracted features are fed into Bi-GRU neural network for classifying the similarity of the binary codes. The Bi-GRU neural network compares two data samples in feature space to identify whether they belong to similar data or non-similar data. The SimCoDe-NET framework is evaluated by using generated dataset to assess the efficiency of this method. The efficacy of the proposed SimCoDe-NET framework is assessed in terms of precision, accuracy, sensitivity, recall, similarity detection time and similarity detection rate. The accuracy of the proposed method is 99.10% which is relatively high compared to the existing method. The proposed SimCoDe-NET approach improves the accuracy by 84.9%, 88.58%, and 93.9% better than jTrans, UPPC, and HEBCS respectively.
Nutrient Deficiency of Paddy Leaf Classification using Hybrid Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Jesie R Sherline , Premi M S Godwin
Published: March 2024

For billions of people worldwide, enhancing the quantity and quality of paddy production stands as an essential goal. Rice, being a primary grain consumed in Asia, demands efficient farming techniques to ensure both sufficient yields and high-quality crops. Detecting diseases in rice crops is crucial to prevent financial losses and maintain food quality. Traditional methods in the agricultural industry often fall short in accurately identifying and addressing these issues. However, leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) offers a promising avenue due to its superior accuracy and speed in evaluation. Nutrient deficiencies significantly impact paddy growth, causing issues like insufficient potassium, phosphorus, and nitrogen. Identifying these deficiencies in paddy leaves, especially during the mid-growth stage, poses a considerable challenge. In response to these obstacles, a novel approach is proposed in this study—a deep learning model. The methodology involves gathering input images from a Kaggle dataset, followed by image augmentation. Pre-processing the images involves using the Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) model, while the extraction of features utilizes the GLCM model. Subsequently, a hybrid convolutional neural network (HCNN) is employed to classify nutrient-deficient paddy leaves. The simulation is conducted on the MATLAB platform, and various statistical metrics are employed to assess overall performance. The results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed HCNN model, achieving an accuracy of 97.5%, sensitivity of 96%, and specificity of 98.2%. These outcomes surpass the efficacy of existing methods, showcasing the potential of this AI-driven approach in revolutionizing disease detection and nutrient deficiency identification in paddy farming.
Developing a Rubric for Interactional Competence Using Many-Facet Rasch Measurement
Authors:   Kwansei Gakuin University, Stones Thomas
Published: March 2024

The teaching and assessment of interactive speaking skills is a key aim in many English-language programs, and the right assessment rubric is a key component of any effective course. There is no one-size-fits-all approach and rubrics need to be validated, feedback collected, and revisions made. This paper reports on a small-scale, exploratory study undertaken to develop and improve a rubric for assessing interactive discussion skills. Utilizing many-facet Rasch measurement (MFRM), the paper reports on an analysis of the rubric originally used on the course. Based on these findings, the rubric was revised and subject to a second round of analysis. The findings indicate that the revisions led to considerably improved rubric function, due primarily to a reduced number of scale points and more clearly defined rubric categories. Finally, the paper suggests a number of recommendations for rubric creation that can be applied to a range of assessment contexts. 概要インタラクティブなスピーキングスキルの指導と評価は、多くの英語学習プログラムにおいて重要な目標であり、適切な評価ルーブリックは効果的な授業の重要な要素である。万能なアプローチは存在しない為、フィードバックを収集し、ルーブリックは検証、改善される必要がある。本稿では、対話型ディスカッションのスキルを評価するためのルーブリックを開発・改善するために行われた、小規模で探索的な研究について考察する。多相ラッシュ測定（MFRM）を活用し、当初コースで使用されていたルーブリックの分析について報告する。その結果に基づき、ルーブリックが改訂され2回目の分析が行われたところ、ルーブリックの機能に大幅な改善が見られた。その主な理由は、尺度点数を減らし、ルーブリックのカテゴリーをより明確に定義したことにあることがわかった。最後に、本論文は様々な評価の文脈に適用可能なルーブリック作成に関する多くの提言を提示している。
Young Learner L2 Vocabulary Acquisition: Does the Revised Hierarchical Model Apply to Child Learners?
Authors:   Akita International University, Williams Clay , Naganuma Naeko ,   Akita International University
Published: March 2024

Vocabulary learning is a process requiring the connection of mental concepts to new word-labels. The Revised Hierarchical Model claims that beginning learners recognize the meaning of L2 words via a process of translation, needing considerable time and effort to forge direct connections between L2 words and mental concepts. However, might young children, as they are still rapidly acquiring L1 vocabulary, be able to bypass the L2-to-L1 translation required by adult L2 learners, and instead link new L2 words directly to pre-existing mental concepts? This study tested over 1,000 4th-6th graders in Japanese elementary schools on their ability to match newly learned L2 words with corresponding pictures or L1 translations. The results demonstrate that students connect L2 vocabulary to pictures more quickly, and this effect becomes more robust when students are taught via pictures, which suggests that young learners are indeed capable of accessing concepts without translating from their L1. 語彙学習とは学習者の脳内に存在する概念を新しい語彙に連結するという過程である。改訂階層モデルによると、初級者は翻訳という過程を経ることで第二言語(L2)での意味を認識する。そのため、L2語彙と脳内概念への直接連結するにはかなりの時間と努力を要する。しかし、まだ急速に第一言語(L1)語彙習得過程にある子どもたちはどうだろうか。成人学習者が必要とするL2からL1への翻訳を介さずに、脳内概念とL2語彙へ直接連結することが可能なのではないだろうか。本研究では四年生から六年生の日本人小学生千人以上を対象に、新出L2語彙を対応する絵または日本語へ照合する能力について検証した。結果として、L2語彙に対応する日本語への照合よりもイメージへの照合がより早く行われ、またこの効果が絵を用いて教わった場合により強く見られた。このことから、年齢が低い学習者はL1への翻訳することなしに脳内に存在する概念にアクセス可能であることが示唆できる。
Generative Artificial Intelligence and Applied Linguistics
Authors:   National Research Council, Canada, Vajjala Sowmya
Published: March 2024

Since the advent of ChatGPT in November 2022, there has been a growing interest and widespread speculation on how Artificial Intelligence (AI), more specifically generative AI, has the potential to revolutionize research and applications across disciplines, with real-world implications. Applied linguistics researchers and practitioners have long adapted to the use of technology in language learning and teaching, where AI already plays a role in the form of Natural Language Processing (NLP), Machine Learning (ML), and other related technologies. This Expositions article introduces generative AI, explains how it works and what distinguishes it from other AI technologies, and discusses its growing influence in the applications relevant to applied linguists. The article concludes with some guidance on how to navigate the generative AI space as an applied linguist while acknowledging the current limitations, including how to use generative AI in research and practice. 2022年11月のChatGPTの登場以来、人工知能（AI）、より具体的には生成AIが、現実の世界にどのような影響を及ぼし、分野横断的な研究や応用に革命をもたらす可能性があるのか、関心が高まり、さまざまな憶測が現在広がっている。応用言語学の研究者や実践者は、自然言語処理（NLP）、機械学習（ML）、その他の関連技術の形でAIがすでに役割を果たしている言語学習や教育における技術の使用に、長い間適応してきた。このExpositionsの論文では、生成AIを紹介し、その仕組みと他のAI技術との違いを説明し、応用言語学にどのように影響をもたらすのかについて論じている。最後には、応用言語学者として、現在の限界を認識しながら、生成AIをどのように研究・実践に活用するかなど、生成AIの空間をどのようにうまく使っていけるかを紹介している。
ONOMASTIC UNITS USED IN SHAVKAT RAHMAN'S POETRY
Authors:   Doctorof Philosophy in Philology (PhD), assistant professor, Jizzakh State Pedagogical University, Uzbekistan, Akramovna Abduvalieva Dilnoza
Published: March 2024

Famous nouns, by their nature, are extremely stable, less variable material of the language that can be transferred to other languages without translation. Due to this feature, famous nouns are the most reliable evidence for scientific research from a historical, linguistic and rhetorical point of view. This article talks about the onomastic units used in the poetry of the Uzbek poet Shavkat Rahman.
LINGUISTIC AND COGNITIVE THEORIES, COMMUNICATION RESEARCH, COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
Authors:   The senior teacher of Fergana Branch of Tashkent University of Information Technologies, Uzbekistan, Ikromovna Toshpo‘latova Mahbuba , qizi Jurаyevа Muqaddam Abdug’ofur ,   The assistantof Fergana Branch of Tashkent University of Information Technologies, Uzbekistan, qizi Nabijonova Nilufar Mirmuxsin ,   The assistantteacher of Fergana Branch of Tashkent University of Information Technologies, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2024

This article aims to provide an extensive analysis of linguistic and cognitive linguistic theories, communication research, and cognitive neuropsychology. These interrelated fields of study offer valuable insights into the complexities of human language and communication, encompassing language structure, cognitive processes, social interaction, and the impact of neurological disorders on language and cognition. By examining the theories, methodologies, and empirical findings from each discipline, this essay highlights the significance of an integrated perspective in advancing our understanding of language and cognition.
GUARANTEES OF INDEPENDENCE OF THE LEGAL PROFESSION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN AND THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Independent researcher of Tashkent State University of Law,Uzbekistan, Nurjanovna Mamaeva Makbal
Published: March 2024

In this article, the author examines the analysis of recommendations of international standards regarding further ensuring the independence of the legal profession in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Republic of Uzbekistan. The author proposes to provide lawyers with the opportunity to get acquainted with a secret protected by law or a certain part of it, both in the course of criminal, and in the course of civil or other proceedings, it is also necessary to introduce amendments regarding the terms for consideration of lawyer requests towards reduction. Based on theresults of the study, the author presents theoretical findings and conclusions.
COVID-19 AND CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN WOMEN
Authors:   Assistant, Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Danyarovna Kamalova Dilafruz , Charoskhon Norkhujayeva ,   Resident, Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2024

The study included 254 Covid-19 positive patients, from which 105 eligible patients were selected. The aim of the study was to determine the damage to the oral cavity in various degrees of severity of coronovirus infection, for early prediction of the clinical course of COVID-19 by using modern methods for studying local immune and inflammatory responses of the oral mucosa. During the study, the state of the oral cavity, laboratory data, including the determination of the level of IgA and IL-17, were studied, as well as bacteriological culture was carried out. During the study, an oral manifest was determined, indicating a high expression of ACE-2 receptors in the oral cavity, an inverse correlation with the clinical course of the disease and the state of the oral cavity, a complete blood count is less informative compared to determining the level of IgA and IL-17.
GESTATIONAL PYELONEPHRITIS ACCORDING TO SAMARKAND INDICATORS
Authors:   Assistant, Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Abdukhamidovna Khasanova Dilafruz
Published: March 2024

In pyelonephritis, the pathogenic factor affecting the chronic stage of inflammation loses its leading role; processes that influence changes in the rheological properties of blood and microcirculation play an important role, which leads to the development of a chronic condition. occurs -the causes of this disease are a risk factor for the mother and fetus, leading to perinatal losses.In patients with acute pyelonephritis, significant changes are observed in the hemostatic system, clinical and laboratory parameters. The above changes intensify during the transition from the serous stage of kidney inflammation to the purulent stage.
EVALUATION CRITERIA OF MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE OF SCHOOL PRINCIPALS
Authors:   Doctoral student of the National Research Institute named after A. Avloni,Uzbekistan, Abdunosirovna Sultonova Lobar
Published: March 2024

In this article, various approaches to evaluating the management activity of school principals are highlighted, and the opinions and scientific views of foreign and domestic scientists on the problem are analyzed. Also, the criteria for evaluating the management activity of general secondary school principals are indicated.
DIDACTIC PROVISION OF DISTANCE LEARNING IN THE SUBJECT DESCRIPTIVE GEOMETRY
Authors:   Associate Professor of Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami, Uzbekistan, Erpolatovich Tashimov Nurlan
Published: March 2024

This article highlights the didactic significance of distance learning in the process of teaching descriptive geometry in higher educational institutions. At the same time, the concept of distance learning, definitions, types of distance learning, and recommendations for distance learning are given.
THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON EMPLOYEE WELL-BEING AND PRODUCTIVITY: INSIGHTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR VIETNAMESE ORGANIZATIONS
Authors:   Faculty of Marine Economics -Logistics, Ba Ria -Vung Tau University, Vietnam, Ngo Tuyet, Thi , Vu Huong, Xuan ,   (PhD)Faculty of Educational Sciences, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Nguyen Chau, Dang ,   Faculty of Engineering -Technology, Ba Ria -Vung Tau University, Vietnam
Published: March 2024

The impact of organizational culture on employee well-being and productivity is a crucial factor in determining the success of an organization. This study aims to investigate the relationship between organizational culture, employee well-being, and productivity, with a specific focus on Vietnamese organizations. By conducting an extensive review of literature and analyzing empirical evidence, the research identifies key cultural dimensions and organizational practices that influence employee well-being and productivity within the Vietnamese context. This paper delves into how cultural values, leadership styles, communication patterns, and organizational structures shape employee satisfaction, motivation, engagement, and performance. It also sheds light on the unique cultural nuances prevalent in Vietnamese organizations, such as collectivism, hierarchy, and uncertainty avoidance, and how these factors impact employee experiences. Additionally, the research examines case studies from selected Vietnamese companies to gain insights into their organizational cultures and management strategies. Through this analysis, it identifies the challenges and opportunities that exist in enhancing employee well-being and productivity within the Vietnamese cultural landscape. Expanding on these insights, the article presents practical suggestions for cultivating a favorable organizational culture that nurtures the well-being, engagement, and efficiency of employees. These recommendations encompass the promotion of trust, transparency, and inclusivity, the implementation of initiatives to enhance employee well-being, the alignment of organizational objectives with employee values, and the fostering of supportive and empowering leadership. Furthermore, the article puts forth tailor-made workshop sessions for Vietnamese companies, providing guidance on comprehending organizational culture, fostering employee well-being, improving productivity, and honing leadership skills to create a supportive work environment. By addressing the distinct cultural dynamics and offering actionable strategies, this research enables organizational leaders to establish a positive and productive work atmosphere, thereby contributing to the overall success of Vietnamese organizations.
THE EDUCATIONAL DIRECTION "FINE ARTS AND ENGINEERING GRAPHICS" IN THE FORMATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC WORLDVIEW OF STUDENTS THE ROLE OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS ENGINEERING SCIENCE
Authors:   (PhD), Associate Professor at the General Professional department at Alfraganus University, Uzbekistan, Rustamovich Hakberdiev Bakhtiyor , Qabiljanovich Rustamov Umrzak ,   Teacher of the Departmentof visual Arts and music education, Faculty of social and Humanities, Andijan State Pedagogical Institute, Uzbekistan
Published: March 2024

The sources covered in the article are quite full of information about the existence of a large number of computer graphics programs today, their capabilities, their application during the lesson and the formation of students' scientific worldview through them, the possibilities of modern computer tools and technologies, the successful formation of professional competencies, graphic training, independent and free student development and development his creative abilities.
Implementation Of Educational Discipline In Synergy Between Parent and Teacher In Schooling In Babussalam Lombok East SMK
Authors: Ariani Silvia
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research is to further describe how the implementation of the character education discipline students. The type of research used is a qualitative approach that uses descriptive methods, data collection techniques that are observations, interviews and documentation. Primary data sources are obtained from observations and interviews with teachers, head of school and some parents of pupils, and primary data resources are derived from previous research journals that investigate disciplinary character education. The results of the research showed that there are four ways that schools are trying to support student character education, namely, performing character education programming at school, setting up school rules and class rules, monitoring student disciplinary behavior at home Through the recording of daily activities and the involvement of parents in supporting the character education programme of this discipline by the school.