bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The BINGO project
Authors: Fornazier Karin S. F. , Abdalla Filipe B. , Remazeilles Mathieu , Vieira Jordany , Marins Alessandro , Abdalla Elcio , Santos Larissa , Delabrouille Jacques , Mericia Eduardo , Landim Ricardo G. , Ferreira Elisa G. M. , Barosi Luciano , Queiroz Amilcar R. , Villela Thyrso , Wang Bin , Wuensche Carlos A. , Costa Andre A. , Liccardo Vincenzo , Paiva Novaes Camila , Peel Michael W. , dos Santos Marcelo V. , Zhang Jiajun
Published: January 2022

Context.Observing the neutral hydrogen distribution across the Universe via redshifted 21 cm line intensity mapping constitutes a powerful probe for cosmology. However, the redshifted 21 cm signal is obscured by the foreground emission from our Galaxy and other extragalactic foregrounds. This paper addresses the capabilities of the BINGO survey to separate such signals.

Aims.We show that the BINGO instrumental, optical, and simulations setup is suitable for component separation, and that we have the appropriate tools to understand and control foreground residuals. Specifically, this paper looks in detail at the different residuals left over by foreground components, shows that a noise-corrected spectrum is unbiased, and shows that we understand the remaining systematic residuals by analyzing nonzero contributions to the three-point function.

Methods.We use the generalized needlet internal linear combination, which we apply to sky simulations of the BINGO experiment for each redshift bin of the survey. We use binned estimates of the bispectrum of the maps to assess foreground residuals left over after component separation in the final map.

Results.We present our recovery of the redshifted 21 cm signal from sky simulations of the BINGO experiment, including foreground components. We test the recovery of the 21 cm signal through the angular power spectrum at different redshifts, as well as the recovery of its non-Gaussian distribution through a bispectrum analysis. We find that non-Gaussianities from the original foreground maps can be removed down to, at least, the noise limit of the BINGO survey with such techniques.

Conclusions.Our component separation methodology allows us to subtract the foreground contamination in the BINGO channels down to levels below the cosmological signal and the noise, and to reconstruct the 21 cm power spectrum for different redshift bins without significant loss at multipoles 20 ≲ ℓ ≲ 500. Our bispectrum analysis yields strong tests of the level of the residual foreground contamination in the recovered 21 cm signal, thereby allowing us to both optimize and validate our component separation analysis.
The Cetus-Palca stream: A disrupted small dwarf galaxy
Authors: Thomas Guillaume F. , Battaglia Giuseppina
Published: January 2022

We present a new fully data-driven approach to derive spectro-photometric distances based on artificial neural networks. The method was developed and tested on Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration survey (SEGUE) data and will serve as a reference for the Contributed Data Product SPDISTof theWilliam HershelTelescope Enhanced Area Velocity Explorer (WEAVE) survey. With this method, the relative precision of the distances is of ∼13%. The catalogue of more than 300 000 SEGUE stars for which we have derived spectro-photometric distances is publicly available on the Vizier service of the Centre de Données de Strasbourg. With this 6D catalogue of stars with positions, distances, line-of-sight velocity, andGaiaproper motions, we were able to identify stars belonging to the Cetus stellar stream in the integrals of motion space. Guided by the properties we derived for the Cetus stream from this 6D sample, we searched for additional stars from the blue horizontal and red giant branches in a 5D sample. We find that the Cetus stream and the Palca overdensity are two parts of the same structure, which we therefore propose to rename the Cetus-Palca stream. We find that the Cetus-Palca stream has a stellar mass of ≃1.5 × 106 M⊙and presents a prominent distance gradient of 15 kpc over the ∼100° that it covers on the sky. Additionally, we also report the discovery of a second structure almost parallel to the Cetus stream and covering ∼50° of the sky, which could potentially be a stellar stream formed by the tidal disruption of a globular cluster that was orbiting around the Cetus stream progenitor.
Small-scale magnetic fields of the spectroscopic binary T Tauri stars V1878 Ori and V4046 Sgr
Authors: Hahlin A. , Kochukhov O.
Published: January 2022

Aims. The goal of this study is to investigate the small-scale magnetic fields of the two spectroscopic binary T Tauri stars V1878 Ori and V4046 Sgr. This is done to complete the observational characterisation of the surface magnetic fields of these stars because only their large-scale magnetic fields have been studied with Zeeman Doppler imaging (ZDI) so far.

Methods. To investigate the small-scale magnetic fields, the differential Zeeman intensification of near-infrared Ti I lines was investigated using high-resolution archival spectra obtained with the ESPaDOnS spectrograph at the CFHT. In order to study the binary components separately, the spectra were disentangled by considering observations taken at different orbital phases. The Zeeman-intensification analysis was performed based on detailed polarised radiative transfer calculations aided by the Markov chain Monte Carlo inference, treating magnetic field filling factors and other stellar parameters that could affect the spectra as free parameters.

Results. The obtained average magnetic field strengths of the components of V1878 Ori are 1.33 ± 0.08 and 1.57 ± 0.09 kG, respectively. Previous ZDI studies of V1878 Ori recovered about 14 and 20% of this total magnetic field strength. For V4046 Sgr, the magnetic field strengths are 1.96 ± 0.18 and 1.83 ± 0.18 kG, respectively. In this case, about 12 and 9% of the total magnetic field strength was detected by ZDI.

Conclusions. The small-scale magnetic field strengths obtained from Zeeman intensification are similar for the two components of each binary. This is in contrast to the large-scale magnetic fields obtained from ZDI investigations, performed using the same observations, which found that magnetic field strengths and topologies vary significantly in the components of the two binaries. While the large-scale field might look significantly different, the overall magnetic energy, primarily carried by the small-scale magnetic fields, appears to be quite similar. This indicates that the efficiency of the magnetic dynamo is comparable for the components of the two binaries.
Observation-based modelling of the energetic storm particle event of 14 July 2012
Authors: Wijsen N. , Aran A. , Scolini C. , Lario D. , Afanasiev A. , Vainio R. , Sanahuja B. , Pomoell J. , Poedts S.
Published: January 2022

Aims. We model the energetic storm particle (ESP) event of 14 July 2012 using the energetic particle acceleration and transport model named ‘PArticle Radiation Asset Directed at Interplanetary Space Exploration’ (PARADISE), together with the solar wind and coronal mass ejection (CME) model named ‘EUropean Heliospheric FORcasting Information Asset’ (EUHFORIA). The simulation results illustrate both the capabilities and limitations of the utilised models. We show that the models capture some essential structural features of the ESP event; however, for some aspects the simulations and observations diverge. We describe and, to some extent, assess the sources of errors in the modelling chain of EUHFORIA and PARADISE and discuss how they may be mitigated in the future.

Methods. The PARADISE model computes energetic particle distributions in the heliosphere by solving the focused transport equation in a stochastic manner. This is done using a background solar wind configuration generated by the ideal magnetohydrodynamic module of EUHFORIA. The CME generating the ESP event is simulated by using the spheromak model of EUHFORIA, which approximates the CME’s flux rope as a linear force-free spheroidal magnetic field. In addition, a tool was developed to trace CME-driven shock waves in the EUHFORIA simulation domain. This tool is used in PARADISE to (i) inject 50 keV protons continuously at the CME-driven shock and (ii) include a foreshock and a sheath region, in which the energetic particle parallel mean free path, λ∥, decreases towards the shock wave. The value of λ∥ at the shock wave is estimated from in situ observations of the ESP event.

Results. For energies below ∼1 MeV, the simulation results agree well with both the upstream and downstream components of the ESP event observed by the Advanced Composition Explorer. This suggests that these low-energy protons are mainly the result of interplanetary particle acceleration. In the downstream region, the sharp drop in the energetic particle intensities is reproduced at the entry into the following magnetic cloud, illustrating the importance of a magnetised CME model.
A New Method for the Parametric Identification of DC Machines Using MATLAB Identification Toolbox and Experimental Measurements
Authors: Hamza Boudjemai , Sid Ahmed El Mehdi Ardjoun , Houcine Chafouk , Mouloud Denai
Published: January 2022

This paper proposes a new approach for the identification of a DC machine (DCM) parameters to build a mathematical model considering different dynamic regimes, which characterize the operation of the studied machine. The proposed solution is simple and is based on the combination of classical identification methods and those available in the identification toolbox of MATLAB. The results obtained experimentally are significantly better and clearly show that the proposed approach is simple to implement and the DCM model is obtained quickly with a reasonable accuracy.
Influence of the mixing water rate on the plaster thermo physical properties: Experimental and dynamic study
Authors: Touil Mohamed , Lachheb Amine , Saadani Rachid , Sanbi Mustapha , Rahmoune Miloud
Published: January 2022

The construction industry has long been one of the most energy intensive sectors in the world. Therefore, the development of building materials appears to be one of the effective solutions to this challenge. Plaster is considered among the materials widely used in construction because of its advantageous properties. The present article includes in its entirety two sequential studies. The first one, deals with an experimental analysis of the plaster thermo-physical properties formed by two different mixing water rates, in order to evaluate its effect. While, the second, presents a dynamic simulation results of an individual building subjected to different climatic conditions of Morocco and in which no energy efficiency measures were carried out, through simulations series realized by using TRNSYS software. The latter study was intended to quantify the developed materials impact, on the energy required to maintain the occupants comfort. The findings obtained in this work, revealed the positive influence of increasing the mixing water rate. Thus, reducing the plaster thermo-physical properties, delaying the heat transmission, and significantly decreasing the building energy consumption devoted to heating and cooling.
New approach to optimize the cost and interconnections of wind turbines using the PSO algorithm
Authors: Bellat Abdelouahad , Tyass Ilham , Mansouri Khalifa , Raihani Abdelhadi
Published: January 2022

Wind power’s current growth rates are among the fastest in the world. Research on techniques to make wind farms more energy efficient is warranted for this reason. Optimizing the location of wind turbines within wind farms makes the use of wind energy more efficient and makes wind farms more competitive with other energy sources. The investment expenses for the only substations and electrical infrastructures of the offshore wind farms represent between 15 and 30% of the overall investment cost of the project, this leads us to study the optimization of the location of the substation. can reduce these expenses, which also reduces the total cable length inside the wind farm. Our objective is therefore to study the optimization of wind farms with two objective functions aimed at minimizing the costs of installing wind turbines and reducing connectivity between wind turbines using a metaheuristic PSO algorithm.
Impact of using an axial magnetic field of 1.5T in carbon ion therapy for the diagnosis of head cancers
Authors: Mohammed Yjjou , Hassane Dekhissi , Eddine Derkaoui Jamal , Abdessamad Didi , Adil Aknouch
Published: January 2022

To improve the irradiation accuracy in hadrontherapy, a lot of studies are in the evaluation uncluding how to integrate MRI and PET at the treatement of cancer patients. These two future techniques will offer simultaneously the monitoring of the beam during the irradiation. In this study and for the first time, we calculated the dose distribution in a voxel of the head for several carbon ion energies at B=1.5T using fluka MC code. Afterwards, either longitudinal or radial dose deflection was simulated with and without B. The maximum longitudinal deviation of bragg pick depth was 0.672 mm at 200 MeV and the the maximum radial deflection was almost 4.23 cm at 100 MeV. Both of them are in the presence of B=1.5T. Our results are in a good agreement with previous experimental results (a maximum relative error founded of 2.08%). The results of this study will offer the monitoring of the dose deposition with good accuracy in the presence of a magnetic field in carbon ion therapy.
Raman spectra of carbon nanowires made of single walled carbon nanotubes encasing polyynes
Authors: Kensi Y. , Fakrach B. , Rahmani AH. , Boutahir M. , Rahmani A. , Chadli H.
Published: January 2022

In this work, the Raman spectra of LCCs encapsulated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are calculated using the spectral moment’s method. To derive the optimum configurations of the linear carbon chains inside nanotubes, the minimum energy calculations using a convenient Lennard-Jones expression of the van der Waals intermolecular potential is devoted. The optimized structures show that the minima correspond to nanotubes configurations with diameter close to 0.68nm. The influence of the nanotube diameter and chirality are investigated. We also address the important question of the effect of filling degree using the frequency of Raman active modes. These predictions are useful to interpret the experimental data.
Overview of piezoelectric energy harvesting technology in the tire condition monitoring systems
Authors: Alla Rajae , Bybi Abdelmajid , Benhiba Ayoub , Drissi Hilal , Chater El Ayachi
Published: January 2022

Over the past decade, energy harvesting from the surrounding resources has been a hot topic for numerous researches. The automotive industry is one field that pays attention to this clean energy which plays a primary role in the vehicle’s safety. Moreover, a cost-efficient monitoring structure to better track tires conditions is required to fill the tires safety requirements. The main objective of this paper is to present a state of the art about the techniques of vibrational energy harvesting from car’s tires for the embedded self-power sensors and tires condition monitoring systems (TCMS).
Experimental analysis of an improved cascade solar desalination still with modified absorber plate
Authors: Mouhsin Nidal , Bouzaid Mariam , Taha-Janan Mourad
Published: January 2022

Solar desalination is becoming more reliable and common especially in developing countries where receive sufficient sunshine throughout the year. In addition, solar still devices are considered as one of the cheapest and simplest desalination methods depends on solar energy, but suffer from low productivity. This work presents an experimental analysis of the performance and productivity of novel cascade solar still with a modified absorber plate with additional baffles on the slope surfaces as a new attempt to enhance the productivity of solar stills. The solar intensity was taken as input and the productivity as output are considered for evaluating the solar still in order to examine the effect of the modified absorber plate on the performance and productivity of novel cascade solar still.
Evaluation methodologies of damage related issues for heat exchangers in the thermal storage energy system
Authors: Aboulhassane Otmane , El Hakimi Abdelhadi , Chamat Abderrahim , Touache Abdelhamid
Published: January 2022

Thermal oil is used as a heat transfer fluid in many thermal solar power systems, while molten salts are used to store thermal energy. The oil absorbs solar energy and transports it to a water-steam cycle via heat exchangers, where it is transformed into electric energy via a turbo-generator or stored in a thermal energy storage device for subsequent transmission to the water-steam cycle. The complexity of these thermal solar plants is rather significant, as they mix conventional engineering used in power stations (water-steam cycle) or petrochemical (oil pipeline) with modern solar (parabolic trough collector) and heat storage (molten salts) technology. This paper focuses on modelling in heat exchanger tubes in molten salt energy storage systems, and it offers a comprehensive model of the process. By developing such a model, the groundwork for future study into heat exchangers model failure analysis is established.
Energy harvesting from seismic waves for electricity production
Authors: Díaz-Mora Felipe , González-Fallas Andrés
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the generation of clean energy using the waves of telluric movements is studied. The characteristics of earthquakes are described, including the types of waves and the power of these waves. Following, the equations that describe how the kinetic energy of the earthquakes transforms into potential energy, and a mechanism that takes advantage of this effect to produce energy is described. The physical properties for this mechanism are determined, and an approximation of the electricity that this mechanism could produce is computed. Currently, after a seism, the affected areas remain without electricity for several days. This energy source could partially solve this issue, in the short and long term.
Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithm of MPPT Controller for PV system application
Authors: Yaich Mohamed , Dhieb Youssef , Bouzguenda Mounir , Ghariani Moez
Published: January 2022

The Maximum Power Point Tracking controller (MPPT) is a key element in Photovoltaic systems (PV) since it allows maintaining the PV operating point at its maximum under different temperatures and sunlight irradiations. Metaheuristic algorithms such as the ant colony optimization (ACO) are adopted and have shown their superiority to many other techniques. The perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm is a simple and efﬁcient technique, and is one of the most commonly employed MPPT schemes for PV power generation systems. Which executed by manipulating direct duty ratio of the boost converter. P&O method miserably fails to recognize various MPPT controllers. This paper proposes ACO technique to solve real-life problems.
Modelling Investigation of the Heat Transfer in a Polycrystalline Photovoltaic Module
Authors: Lamaamar Ibtissam , Tilioua Amine , Benzaid Zaineb , Hamdi Alaoui Moulay Ahmed
Published: January 2022

The heat transfer inside a photovoltaic (PV) module is affected by the thermo-physical properties of the module layers, the weather conditions and the surrounding environment. In this work, the heat transfer inside a PV module is described in detail, taking into account realistic boundary conditions at the module surface. We have developed a one-dimensional (1D) thermal model using the finite volume (FV) method. The results of the developed model were validated with the results of the literature. We then tested the reliability of the developed model by comparison with experimental data from the climatic conditions of the region of Errachidia Drâa-Tafilalet, and the data obtained by other empirical and analytical models of the literature. We found that the results of the developed model are in good agreement with the experimental data, and calculates better the temperature of cells.
Toward the Optimization of a PMSG Wind Energy Conversion System On-Grid by a Robust Mixed Controller
Authors: Jai Andaloussi Zakariae , Raihani Abdelhadi , Elmagri Abdelmounime , Lajouad Rachid
Published: January 2022

The grid interconnected Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) remains a major challenge. To deal with the effect of the intermittent nature of wind speed. This paper presents the design of a combined nonlinear controller based on a sliding mode controller (MSMC) for a wind system. This control technique includes a smooth switching sliding mode observer (SS-SMO) and a non-singular terminal sliding mode controller (NT-SMC). The SS-SMO is used to observe the torque/speed disturbances, while the NT-SMC is used as a regulator. A voltage control technique is adopted to maintain the voltage at the common DC-link. To control the electrical power injected into the grid a Backstepping controller is proposed. The WECS is built around a wind turbine coupled to a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG). The proposed technique is robust against model uncertainties and external disturbances. In addition, the complexity of the system is reduced by replacing the mechanical speed and position sensors with the estimated parameter. The simulations results show the performances in terms of monitoring of set point, stability, and robustness with respect to the variation of wind speed.
MPPT Based Artificial Neural Network Versus Pertub & Observe For Photovoltaic Energy Conversion System
Authors: Et-torabi Karima , Mesbahi Abdelouahed
Published: January 2022

In this paper, we present a study of maximisation power tracking for photovoltaic energy conversion chain. We give a comparison between two techniques of tracking maximum power; Perturb &Observe (P&O) as first method versus a second method using artificial neural network (ANN). The two methods are designed, modelled and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The simulation results are discussed involving performance and constraints of these two algorithms.
Electrochemical behavior of spray deposited nickel oxide (NiO) thin film in Alkaline electrolyte
Authors: Brioual Bilal , Rossi Zaid , Aouni Abdessamad , Diani Mustapha , Addou Mohammed , Jbilou Mohammed
Published: January 2022

Nickel oxide (NiO) Thin film was successfully deposited on the glass substrate using an inexpensive spray pyrolysis (SP) technique. The structural, morphological, and optical properties have been studied, thus the electrochemical behavior of NiO film in Alkaline electrolytes has been investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that NiO thin film exhibit a polycrystalline cubic rock-salt structure with a preferential orientation on the plane (111). This result was confirmed using Raman spectroscopy. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images exhibit a smooth and dense surface without major cracks. Optical analysis shows an average transmission of about 55% in the visible light range, and the optical band gap energy was estimated by Tauc’s method and showed a value of 3,71 eV. Electrochemical properties as specific capacitance (Csp), optical density variation (ΔOD), and Coloration efficiency (CE) were studied using cyclic voltammetry in 1M KOH and 1M NaOH electrolytes. The results indicated that the behavior of the NiO layer in KOH is more effective than in NaOH electrolytes.
Maximum Power Extraction of Solar PV system using DC-DC Buck converter and backstepping control based on P&O MPPT algorithm
Authors: Kouihi Manal , Moutchou Mohamed , Ait Elmahjoub Abdelhafid
Published: January 2022

This paper presents the system allowing the extraction of maximum power from a sun based on solar photovoltaic module and backstepping control based on a P&O MPPT algorithm for a DC-DC buck converter. The aim of this research work is to determinate quickly the optimal PV Module working point which allowed to extract the maximum power. This work, based on a usage of a DC-DC buck converter to control the working point by adjusting PV voltage trough a duty cycle. In order to achieve our goal, we used the combination of perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm and DC-DC buck converter with backstepping control. This model was implemented in Matlab/Simulink software, the results of simulation prove its effectiveness in term of maximum power tracking dynamics for different irradiance and temperature profiles.
Modeling and simulation of piezoelectric generator with indirect contact excited by vortex-induced vibration
Authors: Mazar Hajar , Rzine Bouchra , Bahsine Saida , Radouani Mohammed , Elfahime Benaissa , El Gadari M’hammed
Published: January 2022

In the last years, the new research papers piezoelectric energy harvesting from vortex-induced vibration (PEH-VIV) are focused on indirect contact between airflow and piezoelectric transducer. Where some researchers have noticed that is difficult to establish an accurate analytical model that could describe precisely the behavior of the piezoelectric generator including the indirect interaction with airflow. Due to these difficulties, new studies are concentrating directly on the experimental investigations to get results of energy harvesters of the indirect-contact piezoelectric wind energy harvesters (IC-PWEHs). However, this paper presents an analytical model that can provide good results according to experimental tests. The obtained results concern the displacement of the piezoelectric transducer indirectly excited by a vortex-induced vibration (VIV) and the generated voltage according to a different mass of cylindrical shell. The numerical results of the model show a significant agreement with the experimental results due to the good estimation of the system’s parameters, where the computing is done numerically using the MATLAB Simulink. Additionally, the optimal mass value of the piezoelectric transducer was determined approximately by the proposed analytical model. Where this mass is equivalent to the highest voltage amplitude according to the experimental tests.
A New Maximum Power Point Tracking Based on Neural Networks and Incremental Conductance for Wind Energy Conversion System
Authors: El aissaoui Hayat , El ougli Abdelghani , Tidhaf Belkassem
Published: January 2022

This work presents a new Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for the connection of the wind turbine system (WT) to the synchronous permanent magnet generator (PMSG). To search the maximum power of the wind turbine, we have proposed a new MPPT which combines two techniques: Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and incremental conductance (IncCond) method. The advantage of ANN-based WT model method is the fast MPP approximation base on the ability of ANN according the parameters of WT that used. The advantage of IncCond method is the ability to search the exactly MPP based on the feedback voltage. In our case the ANN is employed to predict the maximum voltage of the WT, under different values of wind speed, and the control of DC–DC boost converter operation is executed by applying incremental conductance (IncCond) technique. The proposed system includes a wind turbine associated to a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), a rectifier and a DC-DC converter with MPPT control. The proposed algorithm is tested under MATLAB SIMULINK.
Design of a versatile diagnostic test bench of an electric vehicle’s powertrain for educational purpose using a Model-based system engineering
Authors: El hadraoui Hicham , Chebak Ahmed , Zegrari Mourad
Published: January 2022

With the rapid development of the sustained economy, the sales of electric vehicles are increasingly pressing, and today the maintenance has severely impeded the marketing and usage of electric vehicles. The maintenance procedure for electric vehicles is considered a critical process, tell its affect the security and availability directly with the passengers. Many of research efforts are still devoted to develop and innovate on electric traction systems diagnostic and prognostic. Furthermore, in high-quality education, especially engineering education, topics concerning the vital and actual concerns should comprise more than theoretical knowledge, in purpose to close the relationship between the present technology and the student’s environment and provides hands-on engineering experience and training of general engineering skills, in order to avoid non-standard, unskilled maintenance work. The paper presents a first step towards designing a test bench of a fully electric vehicle’s Powertrain used for research and educational purposes using model-based systems engineering (MBSE) and systems modelling language (SysML) thorough the CESAM architecting and modelling framework. As the first step of the system’s design, an operational perspective layout of the diagnostic and prognostic’s test bench is built and presented using this technique.
CFD-simulation of gas-solid flow in bubbling fluidized bed reactor
Authors: El ajouri Oumaima , Lahlaouti Mohamed Lhassane , Kharbouch Bousselham
Published: January 2022

The hydrodynamic behaviour of gas-solid flow has been studied in a two-dimensional bubbling fluidized bed reactor filled with particles of 275 µm in size, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The two-fluid model (TFM) approach based on the concept of Eulerian–Eulerian in combination with Kinetic Theory of Granular Flow (KTGF) is used to represent the fluid mechanics involved in the flow. The computational implementation was realized by the commercial software ANSYS FLUENT. Interphase momentum exchange between gas and solid phases were calculated using the modified Syamlal O’Brien drag force function. The simulation predictions have been comprehensively validated with experimental data measurements of bed expansion rate, pressure drops and average gas volume fraction profiles. The pressure drops predicted by the simulations were in comparatively strong agreement with the experimental data at higher superficial gas velocities. The bed expansion ratio of the simulation results is closer to that of the experimental data. This work provides a scalable means to assist in the design and operation of fluidised bed reactors and fluidisation processes.
Optimization of transport costs and CO2 emissions reduction policies in a continuous cycle supply chain: case study
Authors: Harrir Mohamed Mounir , Sari-Triqui Lamia
Published: January 2022

In this paper we analyze a distribution network and a waste collection network that adopt the same fleet of vehicles. This fleet is owned by a company that provides logistics and transport services in the Algerian territory. The objective of this work is to propose a logistics chain in circular economy (continuous cycle) by combining the transports of the two studied networks, taking advantage of the empty returns, in order to minimize the travel costs and to reduce the CO2 emissions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of optimal vehicle usage in distribution networks and its influence on total supply chain costs and environmental effects.
Simulation of the performance of organic solar cells based on D1-BT-EDOT-BT-D2-A/PCBM structures
Authors: EL Mhamedi Imane , El Karkri Anass , El Malki Zakaria
Published: January 2022

The analysis of microelectronic and photonic structures-one dimension (AMPS-1D) was used to study and simulate the performance of organic heterojunction solar cells based on D1 –B-Edot-B-D2-A as electron donors, and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as an electron acceptor. The organic photovoltaic cell devices using T3-B-Edot-B-T3-A/PCBM showed the improved open-circuit voltage Voc, short-circuit current density Jsc, fill factor FF, and power conversion efficiency PCE values for the optimum thickness of 120 nm and the effective state density of electrons and holes of 1021cm−3.The P3-B-Edot-B-T3-A/PCBM and P3-B-Edot-B-P3-A/PCBM based devices exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.295% and 8.735%, respectively, which outperformed the corresponding T3-B-Edot-B-T3-A/PCBM, Cbz-B-Edot-B-T3-A/PCBM, F-B-Edot-B-T3-A/PCBM, and A-B-Edot-B-T3-A/PCBM based devices (7.330, 6.622, 7.226, and 7.327%). More importantly, the P3-B-Edot-B-T3-A/PCBM and P3-B-Edot-B-P3-A/PCBM -based device delivered the highest PCE of 14.432% and 15.031% respectively, when we deposit a layer of PEDOT between the indium tin oxide (ITO) and the active layer, which is a clear improvement over other results in the literature.
Multi-Rotors Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Power Supply and Energy Management
Authors: Elouarouar Salwa , Medromi Hicham
Published: January 2022

Interest in electric unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has grown rapidly in recent years, and their applications have expanded and diversified considerably since they first appeared, for both commercial and private purposes. Thanks to their ability to perform challenging and hazardous tasks with high mobility, safety, and low cost. As academic researchers, we are concerned with commercial multi-rotor UAVs, which are revolutionizing many public services, including search and rescue operations, wireless coverage, delivery services, precision agriculture, wildlife surveys, and real-time surveillance. One of the UAVs main issues when it comes to mobility is the limited energy autonomy/endurance. Many types of power supplies can be implemented in UAVs, each with its specific strengths and shortfalls in terms of size, charging/discharging time, energy density and power density. This paper focuses on UAVs energy aspect, with a comprehensive review of the main power sources available for multi-rotors UAVs, and energy management systems to uncover gaps and provide further insights and guidelines for future research.
Using the investment projects management in developing residential in Baghdad
Authors: Asfoor H.M.A. , AL-Jandeel A.A.T. , Igorevich K.K. , Ivanovna L.A.
Published: January 2022

There are many heritage residential neighborhoods in Baghdad some of them belong more than thousand years because this city is taken the important cultural and social place for hundreds years. In last decades, the issue of preserving, rehabilitating and investing heritage residential neighborhoods has received increasing attention at all political, cultural and academic studies. The biggest problem that prevent the developing design in these places are the historical privacy, the weakness in the structures, the high cost because the rehabilitation and maintenance require the high and special skills experiences. Because of the historical and cultural value and what it represents a wealth of all humanity, the studies and researches that studied these subjects avoided the wading in make bold decisions to get the new design of these places , but limited their interest to the study of job investment in those neighborhoods in particular. In addition to, the role of maintenance and rehabilitation operations in supporting this investment, and from the reality of the shortcomings in the study of economic investment policies in dealing with these neighborhoods and the mechanism of protecting them. The importance comes of studying the maintenance and investment policies of these neighborhoods.
Shocks and Discontinuities Treatment in Multi-species Flows Using a Riemann Solver
Authors: Benakrach Hind , Bounouib Mohamed , Taha-Janan Mourad , Zeriab Essadek Mohamed
Published: January 2022

The diversity of industrial configurations presenting a flow of mixtures of several species calls on researchers to develop a reliable, easily usable tool capable of treating this type of flow in the presence of an interface. The present work contributes to the numerical solution of multi-species equations in the presence of shocks and contact discontinuities. A shock capture-type method based on the separation of roe flux differences is associated with a two-parameter equation of state. The results presented here show that the model has the ability to correctly capture the present shocks and discontinuities and provide an accuracy compatible with the requirements zones of discontinuity existing in the flow.
Energy Consumption in the Transport Sector: Trends and Forecast Estimates in Morocco
Authors: Oubnaki Hasnaa , Haouraji Charifa , Mounir Badia , Mounir Ilham , Farchi Abdelmajid
Published: January 2022

The increase in energy consumption in the transport sector in Morocco makes it necessary to develop reliable energy demand forecasting models. Thus, in this study, five mathematical models were selected to estimate the energy demand of this sector using regression methods for the next ten years. In the development of the models, the gross domestic product, population, vehicle fleet on the road, vehicle registration, activity rate by gender and category, and the rate of working women were taken as parameters. Historical data from 1990 to 2014 were used for the training and testing phases of the models. Using the Partial Least Squares Regression method, the energy consumption in the transport sector is about 8095.49 Ktoe in 2030, and therefore Morocco must continue to strive to reduce energy consumption in order to reduce CO2 emissions by respecting with its national and international commitments.
The mm-to-cm SED of spiral galaxies
Authors: Bianchi Simone , Murgia Matteo , Melis Andrea , Casasola Viviana , Galametz Maud , Galliano Frédéric , Govoni Federica , Jones Anthony , Madden Suzanne , Paladino Rosita , Xilouris Emmanuel , Ysard Nathalie
Published: January 2022

The mm-to-cm range of the Spectral Energy Distribution of spiral galaxies remains largely unexplored. Its coverage is required to disentangle the contribution of dust emission, free-free and synchrotron radiation and can provide constraints on dust models, star-formation rates and ISM properties. We present the case for a synergy between NIKA2 observations of nearby spirals and those from planned and current instrumentation at the Sardinia Radio Telescope, and report on a pilot K-band program to search for Anomalous Microwave Emission, an elusive emission component which is presumably related to dust.
Searching for high-z DSFGs with NIKA2 and NOEMA
Authors: Bing L. , Adam R. , Ade P. , Ajeddig H. , André P. , Artis E. , Aussel H. , Beelen A. , Benoît A. , Berta S. , Béthermin M. , Bourrion O. , Calvo M. , Catalano A. , De Petris M. , Désert F.-X. , Doyle S. , Driessen E. F. C. , Gomez A. , Goupy J. , Kéruzoré F. , Kramer C. , Ladjelate B. , Lagache G. , Leclercq S. , Lestrade J.-F. , Macías-Pérez J.-F. , Maury A. , Mauskopf P. , Mayet F. , Monfardini A. , Muñoz-Echeverría M. , Neri R. , Omont A. , Perotto L. , Pisano G. , Ponthieu N. , Revéret V. , Rigby A.J. , Ritacco A. , Romero C. , Roussel H. , Ruppin F. , Schuster K. , Shu S. , Sievers A. , Tucker C. , Zylka R.
Published: January 2022

As the possible progenitors of passive galaxies at z=2-3, dusty starforming galaxies (DSFGs) at z>4 provide a unique perspective to study the formation, assembly, and early quenching of massive galaxies in the early Universe. The extreme obscuration in optical-IR makes (sub)mm spectral scans the most universal and unbiased way to confirm/exclude the high-z nature of candidate dusty star-forming galaxies. We present here the status of the NIKA2 Cosmological Legacy Survey (N2CLS), which is the deepest wide-area singledish survey in the millimeter searching for high-z DSFGs. We also introduce a joint-analysis method to effciently search for the spectroscopic redshift of high-z DSFGs with noisy spectra and photometric data and present its success in identifying the redshift of DSFGs found in NIKA2 science verification data.
On the dynamical and morphological state of the CHEX-MATE clusters
Authors: Campitiello Maria Giulia , Ettori Stefano , Lovisari Lorenzo ,   the CHEX-MATE collaboration
Published: January 2022

The CHEX-MATE sample was built to provide an overview of the statistical properties of the underlying cluster population and to set the stage for future X-ray missions. In this work, we perform a morphological analysis of the 118 clusters included in the sample with the aim to provide a classification of their dynamical state which will be useful for future studies of the collaboration.
Generalised scalar-tensor theories of gravity and pressure profiles of galaxy clusters
Authors: Haridasu Balakrishna S. , Karmakar Purnendu , De Petris Marco , Cardone Vincenzo F. , Maoli Roberto
Published: January 2022

In the current proceedings, we summarise the results presented during the mm Universe@NIKA2 conference, taken from our main results in [1]. We test the Degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor(DHOST) theory as a generalised platform for scalar-tensor theory at galaxy cluster scales to predict in such static systems small scale modification to the gravitational potential. DHOST theory is not only a good alternative to ΛCDM for the background evolution but also predicts small-scale modification to the gravitational potential in static systems such as galaxy clusters. With a sample of 12 clusters with accurate Xray Intra Cluster Medium (ICM) data (X-COP project) and Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) ICM pressure (Planck satellite), we place preliminary constraints on the DHOST parameter (Ξ1) defining the deviation from GR. Moreover, we also collect a few supplementary analyses we have performed during the course: i) Gaussian process reconstruction without parametric assumptions, ii) PSZ-only data analysis not aided by the X-ray data. Finally, we present possible extensions to the current work which may benefit from future high sensitivity and spatial resolution observations.
Internal dark matter structure of the most massive galaxy clusters since redshift 1
Authors: Le Brun Amandine M. C. , Teyssier Romain
Published: January 2022

We investigate the evolution of the dark matter density profiles of the most massive galaxy clusters in the Universe. Using a ‘zoom-in’ procedure on a large suite of cosmological simulations of total comoving volume of 3 (h-1 Gpc)3, we study the 25 most massive clusters in four redshift slices from z ~ 1 to the present. The minimum mass is M500 > 5:5 × 1014 M⊙ at z = 1. Each system has more than two million particles within r500. Once scaled to the critical density at each redshift, the dark matter profiles within r500 are strikingly similar from z ~ 1 to the present day, exhibiting a low dispersion of 0.15 dex, and showing little evolution with redshift in the radial logarithmic slope and scatter. They have the running power law shape typical of the NFW-type profiles, and their inner structure, resolved to 3:8 h-1 comoving kpc at z = 1, shows no signs of converging to an asymptotic slope. Our results suggest that this type of profile is already in place at z > 1 in the highest-mass haloes in the Universe, and that it remains exceptionally robust to merging activity.
Galactic Star Formation with NIKA2 (GASTON): Evidence of mass accretion onto dense clumps
Authors: Rigby A.J. , Adam R. , Ade P. , Ajeddig H. , Anderson M. , André P. , Artis E. , Aussel H. , Bacmann A. , Beelen A. , Benoît A. , Berta S. , Bing L. , Bourrion O. , Bracco A. , Calvo M. , Catalano A. , De Petris M. , Désert F.-X. , Doyle S. , Driessen E. F. C. , García P. , Gomez A. , Goupy J. , Kéruzoré F. , Kramer C. , Ladjelate B. , Lagache G. , Leclercq S. , Lestrade J.-F. , Macías-Pérez J.-F. , Maury A. , Mauskopf P. , Mayet F. , Monfardini A. , Muñoz-Echeverría M. , Peretto N. , Perotto L. , Pisano G. , Ponthieu N. , Revéret V. , Ristorcelli I. , Ritacco A. , Romero C. , Roussel H. , Ruppin F. , Schuster K. , Shu S. , Sievers A. , Tucker C. , Watkins E.J. , Zylka R.
Published: January 2022

High-mass stars (m*≳ 8M⊙) play a crucial role in the evolution of galaxies, and so it is imperative that we understand how they are formed. We have used the New IRAM KIDs Array 2 (NIKA2) camera on the Institut de Radio Astronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) 30-m telescope to conduct high-sensitivity continuum mapping of ~ 2 deg2of the Galactic plane (GP) as part of the Galactic Star Formation with NIKA2 (GASTON) large program. We have identified a total of 1467 clumps within our deep 1.15 mm continuum maps and, by using overlapping continuum, molecular line, and maser parallax data, we have determined their distances and physical properties. By placing them upon an approximate evolutionary sequence based upon 8 μm Spitzer imaging, we find evidence that the most massive dense clumps accrete material from their surrounding environment during their early evolution, before dispersing as star formation advances, supporting clump-fed models of high-mass star formation.
Constraining hydrostatic mass bias and cosmological parameters with the gas mass fraction in galaxy clusters
Authors: Wicker Raphaël , Douspis Marian , Salvati Laura , Aghanim Nabila
Published: January 2022

The gas mass fraction in galaxy clusters is a convenient tool to use in the context of cosmological studies. Indeed this quantity allows to constrain the universal baryon fraction Ωb/Ωm, as well as other parameters like the matter density Ωm, the Hubble parameter h or the Equation of State of Dark Energy w. This gas mass fraction is also sensitive to baryonic effects that need to be taken into account, and that translate into nuisance parameters. Two of them are the depletion factor ϒ, and the hydrostatic mass bias B = (1 - b). The first one describes how baryons are depleted in clusters with respect to the universal baryon fraction, while the other encodes the bias coming from the fact that the mass is deduced from X-ray observations under the hypothesis of hydrostatic equilibrium.

We will show preliminary results, obtained using the Planck-ESZ clusters observed by XMM-Newton, on both cosmological and cluster parameters. We will notably discuss the investigation on a possible redshift dependence of the mass bias, which is considered to be non-existent in hydrodynamic simulations based on Λ-CDM, and compare our results with other studies.
Optimal convergence rates for the invariant density estimation of jump-diffusion processes
Authors: Amorino Chiara , Nualart Eulalia
Published: January 2022

We aim at estimating the invariant density associated to a stochastic differential equation with jumps in low dimension, which is for d = 1 and d = 2. We consider a class of fully non-linear jump diffusion processes whose invariant density belongs to some Hölder space. Firstly, in dimension one, we show that the kernel density estimator achieves the convergence rate 1/T, which is the optimal rate in the absence of jumps. This improves the convergence rate obtained in Amorino and Gloter [J. Stat. Plann. Inference 213 (2021) 106–129], which depends on the Blumenthal-Getoor index for d = 1 and is equal to (logT)/T for d = 2. Secondly, when the jump and diffusion coefficients are constant and the jumps are finite, we show that is not possible to find an estimator with faster rates of estimation. Indeed, we get some lower bounds with the same rates {1/T, (logT)/T} in the mono and bi-dimensional cases, respectively. Finally, we obtain the asymptotic normality of the estimator in the one-dimensional case for the fully non-linear process.