bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-dose chemotherapy with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with isolated vitreoretinal lymphoma: A LOC network study
Authors: Mainguy Adam , Soussain Carole , Touitou Valérie , Bennedjai Amin , Kodjikian Laurent , GHESQUIERES Herve , Damaj Gandhi , Gressin Remy , Ducloyer Jean Baptiste , Chinot Olivier , Vautier Anaïs , Chabrot Cecile Moluçon , Ahle Guido , Taillandier Luc , Marolleau Jean Pierre , Chauchet Adrien , Jardin Fabrice , Cassoux Nathalie , Malaise Denis , Toutée Adélaïde , Touhami Sara , Garff-Tavernier Magali Le , Hoang-Xuan Khe , Choquet Sylvain , Houillier Caroline
Published: August 2024

Despite its indolent evolution, vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) has a poor prognosis due to a major risk of relapse in the central nervous system (CNS) and may necessitate aggressive therapy. However, the use of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation (HCT-ASCT) is poorly documented. We retrospectively analysed from the French LOC network database the adult immunocompetent patients treated with HCT-ASCT for isolated VRL. Thirty-eight patients underwent consolidation with HCT-ASCT for isolated VRL between 2008 and 2019 after induction chemotherapy. Twenty patients had primary VRL, and 18 had an isolated VRL relapse of a primary CNS lymphoma. Three patients underwent HCT-ASCT in first-line treatment, 24 in second-line treatment, and 11 in subsequent lines. At HCT-ASCT, the median age was 61 years, and the median KPSwas 90. Thirty-two patients (84%) received high-dose thiotepa-based HCT. One patient (3%) died from HCT-ASCT toxicity. Nineteen (50%) patients relapsed after HCT-ASCT, including 17 cases occurring in the brain. The median progression-free survival, brain-free survival and overall survival from HCT-ASCT were 96, 113 and 92 months, respectively. HCT-ASCT represents an effective therapeutic strategy for select VRL patients, with a tolerable safety profile. However, the risk of subsequent brain relapse remains significant.
Analyzing English and Thai Case Markers in Sentence Construction
Authors: Petchprasert Anongnad
Published: August 2024

Drawing from linguistic theories and methods, this study investigated the use of case markers in English and Thai sentences in double-object sentence construction. Forty-two participants were pre-service teachers majoring in English at a university in Thailand. A written text analysis was used to examine constructs in ditransitive and dative written texts by enabling the discovery of a variety of case markers found in sentences. The syntactic and semantic realizations available to the sentence structures across the languages were found to be associated with the background of their first language. A majority of the participants wrote sentences in transitive or intransitive verb forms with or without an object. Nominative cases (NOM), dative (DAT), and accusative (ACC) markers were most frequently found in sentences across the languages.
Knockdown of LOX-1 ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy in alcoholic cardiomyopathy via inactivating the p38MAPK pathway
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Yuan Bo , Xu Yue , Zhou Na , Wang Xin , Lv Xiaoyan , Feng Zhanbin
Published: August 2024

Background
One of the characteristics of alcoholic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is cardiac hypertrophy, which was reported to be related to lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 (LOX-1), but the mechanism needs to be explored. Here, we explored how LOX-1 facilitated ACM induced cardiac hypertrophy and its molecular mechanisms.
Methods
H9C2 cells and rats were treated with alcohol to establish ACM models in vitro and in vivo, and before alcohol treatment, H9C2 cells were transfected with sh/oe-LOX-1 and oe-P38MAPK adenovirus vector to knockdown or overexpression LOX-1 and P38MAPK. Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to quantify cardiomyocyte area and observe autophagosomes, respectively. RT-qPCR and western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of LOX-1, P38MAPK, p-P38MAPK, markers of cardiac hypertrophy, autophagy and apoptosis in H9C2 cells and rats, respectively. Furthermore, ACM rats were injected with of sh-LOX-1 to test whether LOX-1 knockdown could alleviate alcohol-induced heart injury by inhibiting the P38MAPK signaling pathway.
Results
Alcohol induced H9C2 cells hypertrophy, obvious autophagy as well as apoptosis, and increased the expression of LOX-1 and P38MAPK. LOX-1 overexpression enhanced the deleterious effects of alcohol, whereas sh-LOX-1 relatively counteracted. The rescure experiment showed that P38MAPK overexpression partially counteracted the protective effect of LOX-1 knockdown by promoting hypertrophy, autophagy and apoptosis in H9C2 cells. In addition, sh-LOX-1 ameliorated alcohol-induced cardiac injury in rats.
Conclusion
LOX-1 knockdown could inhibit P38MAPK signaling pathway to exert anti-hypertrophy, anti-autophagy and anti-apoptosis effects in ACM. LOX-1 is expected to be a potential target for the treatment of ACM.
Natural convective flow of CuO–Water nanofluid with variable thermophysical properties in a square-shaped cavity with an obstacle
Authors: Parvin Salaika , Roy Nepal Chandra
Published: August 2024

The current study involves numerical simulation to analyze the effect of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) forces on natural convection within a square enclosure containing an inner corrugated circular cylinder. Additionally, the effect of nonlinear thermal radiation is considered. In this model, the nanofluid composed of copper oxide (CuO) and water is diffused all throughout the porous medium of the enclosure. It is considered that the nanofluid's temperature and nanoparticle volume concentration both affect the dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity. The outer square-shaped enclosure is supposed to be cold, while the inner corrugated cylinder is presumed hot. Flow and thermal patterns inside the enclosure are visualized through the distribution of streamlines and isothermal contours. Heat transfer rates are estimated based on the local (NuL) and average (Nuavg) Nusselt number. Computational results are generated for several parameters, including Rayleigh number (Ra), Darcy number (Da), Hartmann number (Ha), surface temperature parameter (χ), radiation parameter (Rd), and solid volume concentration of nanoparticles (ϕ). The fluid flow intensity is noticeably improved by increasing the Rayleigh number, radiation, surface temperature, and concentration of nanoparticles, but an increasing Hartmann number counteracts this phenomenon. The heat transfer rate throughout the enclosure can be significantly reduced by filling it with a porous substance.
Marginal Adaptation of Customized Gutta Percha Cone With Calcium Silicate Based Sealer Versus MTA And Biodentine Apical Plugs In Simulated Immature Permanent Teeth (An In Vitro Study)
Authors: Mina Mary M. , Moussa Sybel M. , Aboelseoud Mahmoud R.
Published: August 2024

Background: This study aimed to compare the marginal adaptation of a single customized gutta percha cone with calcium silicate-based sealer versus mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine apical plugs in simulated immature permanent teeth.
Methods: Thirty-nine extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were selected, prepared to simulate immature permanent teeth with an apical diameter 1.1 mm, placed in moist foam and divided into three groups. Group 1: Obturation with a single customized gutta percha cone and calcium silicate sealer. Group 2: MTA apical plug. Group 3: Biodentine apical plug. After incubation, teeth were horizontally sectioned at 1 mm and 3 mm from the apex and marginal adaptation was evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Results: Biodentine showed the least mean gap size at both 1 and 3 mm from the apex with no statistically significant differences compared to MTA (p > 0.05). The single customized cone with calcium silicate based sealer showed the greatest mean gap size at both 1 and 3 mm from the apex with a statistically significant difference compared to the other groups (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Biodentine and MTA apical plugs provide a significantly better marginal adaptation to the dentinal walls than a single customized gutta percha cone with calcium silicate based sealer in simulated immature permanent teeth.
ASIC Design of Area Efficient Analog Frontend for Image Sharpening Applications
Authors: Vijeyakumar K N , Dharmalingam Silambarasan , Jessy Talluri Vineel , Manjubala M , Priya Bhagavathi
Published: August 2024

In this research article we propose a new analog sharpening filter analog frontend (SAF) for image enhancement. The SAF is built using a bulk-controlled datum pair (BC-DP), enabling threshold equalization between amplifying and load MOSFETs and achieving better linearization in the processed output signal. The reported SAF incorporates a differential weight mask to achieve bias currents in cascaded BC-DPs. To process the 3×3 kernel of the input image, the proposed SAF utilizes nine BC-DP cells connected in parallel. The parallel operation of BC-DP cells achieves better processing speed compared to their digital counterparts, which employ adders and multipliers to realize the filter structure whose processing capability is bottlenecked by the carry propagation delay of adder units. Furthermore, to achieve area efficiency, we omit the corner pixels in the input kernel for processing, and the truncated version of the SAF (SAFTrun) is realized using five BC-DP cells. Simulations reveal that the reported SAF and its truncated version are able to achieve better operating frequencies when compared to the few other AFEs proposed for image processing applications. Semi-Conductor Laboratory (SCL) 180nm MOSFETs are used to implement the reported SAFs.
Investigation of Superconducting Quantum Interference Readout Electronics based on Self-feedback Differential Low-noise Amplifier
Authors: Yang Zhenyu , Zhai Changwei , Yang Hongxing , Zhao Jianting , Lu Yunfeng
Published: August 2024

Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) has been widely applied in various metrology and precision applications, owing to its excellent magnetic sensitivity. The stable and accurate readout circuit is crucial for SQUID applications. In this paper, we designed the self-feedback differential low-noise amplifier (SDLA) and relied on the flux-loop lock (FLL) to construct the direct readout circuit. This weakens feedback current interferences and maintains the balance between SQUID two terminals, which in turn minimizes the influence of wire resistors. The SDLA is composed of matched transistors and two amplifiers that maintain stable amplification performance and low noise performance through current feedback. In a series of experiments, the feedback current is reduced to the pA level, minimizing wire resistor influences; the voltage white noise of the readout circuit is around 0.65 nV/Hz1/2. The SQUID characteristics can be measured clearly and the total noise of the readout system remains low.
Access and Barriers to Treatment and Counseling for Postpartum Women With and Without Symptoms of (CB-)PTSD Within the Cross-Sectional Study INVITE
Authors: Jehn Valentina , Seefeld Lara , Schellong Julia , Garthus-Niegel Susan
Published: August 2024

Background
Although childbirth is frequently described as a positive experience, the transition to parenthood can be challenging and many postpartum women suffer from mental health problems. Nevertheless, the utilization of treatment and counseling services remains low. To improve this, it is necessary to examine the likelihood of and barriers to help-seeking among postpartum women. There is a paucity of research on postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), that addresses these issues, especially when considering both types of postpartum PTSD, namely childbirth-related PTSD (CB-PTSD) and general PTSD (gPTSD). Thus, we examined differences in the likelihood of and barriers to help-seeking between postpartum women with CB-PTSD, gPTSD, and women who were not affected by clinically relevant symptoms of these two mental health problems.
Methods
Data from the cross-sectional study INVITE were used, consisting of n = 3,875 telephone interviews with women between 6 weeks and 6 months after childbirth. CB-PTSD was assessed using the City Birth Trauma Scale and gPTSD using a short version of the Primary Care Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Screen for DSM-5. Women were asked about their likelihood of and specific barriers to help-seeking through self-developed questionnaires. Analyses of covariance were conducted to examine group differences and multiple regression analyses to investigate associations between symptom severity and the likelihood of help-seeking.
Results
Groups did not differ in their likelihood of help-seeking. Additionally, the severity of the symptoms did not predict the likelihood of help-seeking. Post-hoc comparisons revealed more overall barriers among women with CB-PTSD compared to non-affected women. Concerning different types of barriers, women affected by CB-PTSD or gPTSD reported more instrumental barriers than non-affected women. More barriers related to fears about treatment and stigmatization were only reported by women with CB-PTSD compared to non-affected women but not by women with gPTSD. Significant associations with socio-demographic confounders were found in all analyses.
Conclusions
Reducing instrumental barriers, e.g. through outreach services or financial subsidies, seems to be key in order to improve access to services for postpartum women with CB-PTSD or gPTSD. Since women with CB-PTSD reported more fears about treatment and stigmatization, education about CB-PTSD among perinatal women and health professionals may also be important.
Differentiable Neural-Integrated Meshfree Method for Forward and Inverse Modeling of Finite Strain Hyperelasticity
Authors: Du Honghui , Guo Binyao , He QiZhi
Published: August 2024

The present study aims to extend the novel physics-informed machine learning approach, specifically the neural-integrated meshfree (NIM) method, to model finite-strain problems characterized by nonlinear elasticity and large deformations. To this end, the hyperelastic material models are integrated into the loss function of the NIM method by employing a consistent local variational formulation. Thanks to the inherent differentiable programming capabilities, NIM can circumvent the need for derivation of Newton-Raphson linearization of the variational form and the resulting tangent stiffness matrix, typically required in traditional numerical methods. Additionally, NIM utilizes a hybrid neural-numerical approximation encoded with partition-of-unity basis functions, coined NeuroPU, to effectively represent the displacement solution and streamline the model training process. NeuroPU can also be used for approximating the unknown material fields, enabling NIM a unified framework for both forward and inverse modeling. For the imposition of displacement boundary conditions, this study introduces a new approach based on singular kernel functions into the NeuroPU approximation, leveraging its unique feature that allows for customized basis functions. Numerical experiments demonstrate the NIM method’s capability in forward hyperelasticity modeling, achieving desirable accuracy, with errors among 10-3∼ 10−5 in the relative L2 norm, comparable to the well-established finite element solvers. Furthermore, NIM is applied to address the complex task of identifying heterogeneous mechanical properties of hyperelastic materials from strain data, validating its effectiveness in the inverse modeling of nonlinear materials. To leverage GPU acceleration, NIM is fully implemented on the JAX deep learning framework in this study, utilizing the accelerator-oriented array computation capabilities offered by JAX.
An elite allele TaDT1-AhapI enhances drought tolerance via mediating autophagic pathways in wheat
Authors: Hu Zhaorong , Liu Xingbei , Li Jinpeng , Zhang Chenji , Zhao Danyang , Peng Xiao , Yang Qun , Liu Zehui , Miao Lingfeng , Chu Wei , Lin Jingchen , Chang Shumin , Liu Debiao , Liu Xiaoyu , Wang Wenxi , Wang Xiaobo , Xin Mingming , Yao Yingyin , Guo Weilong , Xie Xiaodong , Peng Huiru , Ni Zhongfu , Sun Qixin
Published: August 2024

Drought stress constitutes a major threat for the global wheat production. Identification of the genetic components underlying drought tolerance in wheat is of great importance. Through a genome-wide association study, we identified a natural allele of a zinc finger-type transcription factor TaDT1-A in chromosome 2A of wheat genome that confers drought tolerance without imposing trade-offs between tolerance and yield. This allele, named as TaDT1-AhapⅠ, causes an 899-bp deletion in the promoter of the TaDT1-A gene, which results in enhanced expression of the gene through escaping the binding of the repressive MYC transcription factor and, consequently, a promotion of stomata dynamics and water use efficiency via enhancing autophagy activity. Our discovery highlights genetic insights into the natural variation of wheat drought tolerance. The identified loci or genes can serve as direct targets for both genetic engineering and selection for wheat trait improvement.
On how to determine surface roughness power spectra
Authors: Rodrigues N , Gontard L , Ma C , Xu R , Persson B.N.J.
Published: August 2024

Analytical contact mechanics theories depend on surface roughness through the surface roughness power spectrum. In the present study, we evaluated the usability of various experimental methods for studying surface roughness. Our findings indicated that height data obtained from optical methods often lack accuracy and should not be utilized for calculating surface roughness power spectra. Conversely, engineering stylus instruments and atomic force microscopy (AFM) typically yield reliable results that are consistent across the overlapping roughness length scale region. For surfaces with isotropic roughness, the two-dimensional (2D) power spectrum can be derived from the one-dimensional (1D) power spectrum using several approaches, which we explored in this paper.
The plasma membrane H+-ATPase promoter enables highly efficient production of punicic acid in Rhodotorula toruloides cultivated on glucose and crude glycerol
Authors: Krajciova Daniela , Holic Roman
Published: August 2024

Background
Punicic acid is a conjugated fatty acid with a wide-range of nutraceutical properties naturally present in pomegranate seed oil. To meet the rising demand for pomegranate seed oil, a single-cell oil enriched in punicic acid provides a sustainable biomass-derived alternative. This study describes the production of a punicic acid-enriched single-cell oil through the engineering of the red yeast Rhodotorula toruloides grown in glucose and a low-cost substrate, crude glycerol.
Results
The gene for Punica granatum fatty acid conjugase, PgFADX, was randomly integrated into the genome of R. toruloides without disrupting the carotenoid synthesis. In shake flask studies, the effects of three promoters (PPGI1, PNAR1, and PPMA1) on punicic acid production were evaluated. A punicic acid titer of 105.77 mg/L and 72.81 mg/L was obtained from engineered cells expressing PgFADX from the PPMA1 promoter cultivated for 72 hours in glucose and for 168 hours in crude glycerol, respectively. Furthermore, the detailed lipid analysis revealed a high enrichment of punicic acid in the triacylglycerol lipid structures, even without substantial modifications to the metabolic pathways.
Conclusions
This report demonstrates the high potential of R. toruloides in the biotransformation of a low-cost substrate, crude glycerol, into a value-added products such as punicic acid. The findings support the feasibility of using engineered R. toruloides as a sustainable and efficient platform for the production of punicic acid-enriched single-cell oil.
Genetic and dietary determinants of gut microbiome-bile acid interactions in the BXD recombinant inbred mouse population
Authors: Auwerx Johan , Li Xiaoxu , Perino Alessia , Morel Jean-David , Wang Qi , Sulc Jonathan , Jalil Antoine , von Alvensleben Giacomo , Rapin Alexis , Li Hao , Schoonjans Kristina
Published: August 2024

The gut microbiome is crucial in regulating overall physiology and communicates with the host through various microbial-derived metabolites, including secondary bile acids (BAs). However, mechanisms underlying the gut microbiome-BA crosstalk (gMxB) are still poorly understood. Here, we assessed the postprandial cecal microbiome, BA levels, and colon transcriptome of a genetically diverse population of 32 BXD mouse strains fed with a chow or high-fat diet, and found that genetic and dietary factors shift microbiome composition and gMxBs. Four diet-dependent co-mapping genetic loci associated with gMxBs, such as the interaction between Turicibacter-plasma cholic acid, were identified using systems genetics approaches. By integrating human MiBioGen database, we prioritized PTGR1, PTPRD, and GABRB3 as candidate genes potentially regulating gMxBs. The human relevance of these candidates on metabolic health was demonstrated using the UK biobank, FinnGen, and million veteran program. Overall, this study illustrates potential modulators regulating gMxBs and provides insights into gut microbiome-host communication.
Formation of Logical Universal Learning Activities of Young Schoolchildren at Environmental Science Lessons Through Digital Laboratories
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Kopylova Lyubov V. , Patlataya Sitora M. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: August 2024

Today, one of the conditions for the formation of a comprehensively developed personality is the achievement of metasubject educational results, involving the mastery of universal educational actions by students: cognitive, regulatory, communicative. The need for the formation of logical universal learning activities (LULA), as one of the groups of cognitive universal learning activities, is indicated in the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary General Education. The article presents the results of a study aimed at theoretical and practical substantiation of the possibilities of forming logical universal learning activities of younger schoolchildren in the lessons of the surrounding world through digital laboratories. The methodological basis of the study consisted of: a system-activity approach in teaching; the concept of the universal learning activities development in primary school; theoretical and practical foundations of digitalization of education. To achieve this goal, theoretical (analysis, synthesis, generalization of literary sources on the research problem), empirical (observation, research, pedagogical experiment, measurement, comparison, description) and mathematical (qualitative and quantitative analysis of results) research methods are applied. The authors present the diagnostic base of the study, which allowed determining the level of formation of students’ logical universal learning activities. The diagnostic results revealed the need for further formation of logical universal learning activities of younger schoolchildren. Examples of lessons of the surrounding world aimed at the formation of logical minds of younger schoolchildren through digital laboratories are given. The results of repeated diagnostics of the level of logical universal learning activities formation of younger schoolchildren according to the methods of the ascertaining stage are presented. Comparative results showed positive dynamics in the formation of logical universal learning activities of students, which indicates the validity of using digital laboratories in the lessons of the surrounding world as a means of forming logical universal learning activities of younger schoolchildren. The perspective of the research consists in the inclusion of other types of digital technologies in the educational process, as well as in the development of a bank of after-school recommendations, practical and laboratory work in accordance with the program of primary general education.
Potential for Teaching Intellectual Activities to Schoolchildren in Culture-Oriented Linguistic Methodology
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Vasilyeva Natalya V.
Published: August 2024

The system-activity approach as a methodological basis of modern general education updates schoolchildren’s learning in activity. Methods of teaching Russian native language describe special features of forming knowledge, abilities, skills and competences in educational, cognitive, speech and problem-solving, textual and other types of activity. At the same time, culture-oriented linguistic methodology has not sufficiently studied the potential for teaching intellectual activities to schoolchildren. The study aims at identification of this potential. The author has suggested a hypothesis according to which intellectual activity of schoolchildren is cognitive, research and creative, aimed at the development of students’ intelligence. It is also assumed that in culture- oriented teaching of Russian it is possible to teach schoolchildren intellectual activity through the enrichment of their mental experience, development of intellectual abilities, and formation of cognitive style. The methodological basis of the study is the system-activity approach to teaching and the ontological theory of intelligence by M. A. Kholodnaya. Based on the analysis of scientific literature on the topic of the study, generalization and systematization of the data obtained; it is concluded that intellectual activity is student’s educational and cognitive, research and creative activity, which enriches student’s cognitive, conceptual, metacognitive and emotional-evaluative experience, develops his intellectual abilities, forms his cognitive style. In culture-oriented teaching of Russian, it is possible to promote the formation of students’ declarative and procedural schemes, to develop semantic, categorical and conceptual abilities of schoolchildren, to teach arbitrary control of activity, to form student’s worldview attitudes and value orientations as a basis for beliefs. The results of the study can be used in culture-oriented teaching of the Russian (native) language to design the process of teaching intellectual activity to schoolchildren. Further research is needed to substantiate and develop an effective technology that will allow us to implement this kind of teaching.
Development of Socially Significant Skills of High School Students in the Process of Implementing Project Activities
Authors:   Banzarov Buryat State University, Dagbaeva Nina Zh. , Osipova Maria V. ,   North-Eastern Federal University M. K. Ammosov
Published: August 2024

In modern pedagogical science and the difficult conditions of sociocultural transformations, problems of preparing the younger generation for conscious participation are being raised in the life of society, the formation and development of its social competence. This article examines the problem of developing socially significant skills in high school students in line with the project-contextual approach in the context of global education, which allows them to obtain theoretical and practical knowledge and skills necessary for life in rapidly changing conditions.The purpose of this article is to identify opportunities and organizational and pedagogical conditions for the development of socially significant skills of high school students in the process of implementing project activities. The tasks defined are a theoretical review of the research topic, an analysis of the experience of extracurricular activities for students of the MOBU Gymnasium of the Center for Global Education of the City of Yakutsk, identification of the level of critical skills and determination of the content and structure of the pedagogical experiment among high school students on their increase. The study took place during the academic year, and the measurements were carried out during the period of 3 quarters of students, where 111 schoolchildren from 8th to 11th grade took part. The study clarifies the issues of the development of communication skills and critical thinking skills of high school students in the process of implementing project activities, analyzes the primary sections according to the level of their formation in high school students. The following research methods will be used in the article: theoretical (theoretical analysis of literature, synthesis, comparisons); practical (testing, observation, conversation, pedagogical experiment, methods of quantitative processing of empirical material). According to the results of the pedagogical experiment, it has been indicated that project activity is one of the directions that helps to form a certain type of thinking ‒ as critical.
American Association of Bovine Practitioners 36th Annual Conference (2003): Part 2
Authors: Bovine Practitioners American Association of
Published: August 2024

Description and highlights of the 36th Annual Convention American Association of Bovine Practitioners (2003), information about, events, awards, receptions, etc.
Predicting total upland sediment yield using regression and machine learning models for improved land management and water conservation
Authors: S. M. Shravan Kumar , Pandey Manish , Umamahesh N. V.
Published: August 2024

In this study, various regression models were utilized to predict total sediment yield in tons, while their performance was evaluated for accuracy and reliability. The dataset utilized contains numerous predictors that have been standardized and processed through principal component analysis to improve model performance. Models evaluated here include linear regression, normalized linear regression, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) with generalized ridge regression, kernel ridge regression, multivariate regression, lasso regression approaches such as artificial neural network Cellular Automata-Artificial Neural Network (CA-ANN or ANN), and more. Results suggest that the ANN model achieved the lowest mean squared error (MSE), 113.641; this suggests superior predictive capability compared to other models. Although environmental data were complex and relationships complex, an ANN model showed less error, followed closely by CA-ANN with an MSE of 124.83. Traditional models such as linear or lasso regression revealed larger errors with negative squared values that indicated poor fits to data. This analysis highlights the effectiveness of advanced machine learning in environmental modeling, emphasizing the importance of selecting models suited to data and specific phenomena, aiding environmental planners in predicting and managing soil erosion and sediment transport.
O USO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NA GESTÃO DE DOCUMENTOS E DE DADOS
Authors: Berno Adriana , Maria Miguel Peixe Adriana , Balsan Jorge
Published: August 2024

O objetivo do artigo foi evidenciar as diversas aplicações da inteligência artificial na gestão de documentos e de dados e analisar potenciais benefícios para as organizações. Na metodologia para alcançar o intuito do estudo efetuou-se uma revisão de literatura, a Inteligência Artificial – (IA) é considerada uma ferramenta gradativamente em evolução, onde tem a função de revolucionar a forma como lida-se com a gestão tanto de documentos como de dados, oferecendo soluções avançadas para captura, classificação, indexação, armazenamento e recuperação de informações e tratamento de dados. Além de automatizar tarefas repetitivas e reduzir erros, capacita sistemas a perceber e interpretar o conteúdo dos documentos, gerando insights valiosos. A Interseção da IA na gestão de documentos e dados resulta em inúmeras aplicações e benefícios. A gestão dos documentos e dados é um instrumento essencial para ser usada em qualquer organização, pois pode ser realizada, seja em formato físico ou digital o tratamento do documento e dados, pois contém informações valiosas que requerem armazenamento, organização, acesso e proteção eficientes. A gestão documental e de dados atualmente enfrenta desafios como volume de dados, falta de padronização, perda de tempo e vulnerabilidade a erros e fraudes. Nesse contexto, infere-se que a IA surge como uma solução inovadora, trazendo vantagens tanto para as empresas quanto para os usuários. A aplicação da IA na gestão documental e de dados representa uma mudança duradoura, proporcionando praticidade, conveniência e segurança aos usuários, e fortalecendo a competitividade e o valor das entidades públicas e privadas.
Germacrone: A Multi-targeting Sesquiterpene with Promising Anti-cancer and Chronic Disease Applications
Authors: Tailor Navin Kumar , Grewal Ajmer Singh , Deswal Geeta , Dhingra Ashwani Kumar
Published: August 2024

Background:

Germacrone, a naturally occurring active compound found in essential oils extracted
from medicinal plants within the Zingiberaceae family, has garnered attention for its potential therapeutic applications.
Extensive research has highlighted its multi-targeting capabilities, positioning it as a promising treatment
for various chronic diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular conditions, and neurodegenerative disorders like
Alzheimer's disease.

Objective:

This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of germacrone as a scaffold for developing
multi-targeting drugs with therapeutic potential against a range of chronic disorders. The study delves into the
molecular mechanisms that underlie the therapeutic effects of germacrone and explores its potential targets, including
NF-κB, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, p53, JAK/STAT, caspase, apoptosis, and autophagy induction.

Methods:

A systematic review of literature databases was conducted to gather relevant studies on germacrone and
its therapeutic applications. The molecular mechanisms and potential targets of germacrone were examined to
elucidate its multi-targeting capabilities.

Results:

Germacrone exhibits significant potential in the management of chronic diseases, with demonstrated
effects on various cellular pathways. The review highlights its impact on NF-κB, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, p53,
JAK/STAT, caspase, apoptosis, and autophagy induction, showcasing its versatility in targeting multiple pathways
associated with chronic conditions. Germacrone has emerged as a promising candidate for the treatment of
diverse chronic diseases. The understanding of its multi-targeting capabilities, coupled with its natural origin,
positions it as a valuable scaffold for developing therapeutics.

Conclusion::

The exploration of germacrone as a structural framework for multi-targeting drugs offers a potential
avenue to enhance efficacy while minimizing potential side effects. Further research and clinical trials are warranted
to validate the therapeutic potential of germacrone in diverse medical contexts.
Relationships of Prodiginins Mechanisms and Molecular Structures to their Antiproliferative Effects
Authors: Ayoub El Abbassi , Azoubi Zineb , Nadia Zougagh , Assia Mouslim , Mohammed Menggad
Published: August 2024

:

The Prodiginins (PGs) natural pigments are secondary metabolites produced by a broad spectrum of
gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, notably by species within the Serratia and Streptomyces genera. These
compounds exhibit diverse and potent biological activities, including anticancer, immunosuppressive, antimicrobial,
antimalarial, and antiviral effects. Structurally, PGs share a common tripyrrolic core but possess variable
side chains and undergo cyclization, resulting in structural diversity. Studies have investigated their antiproliferative
effects on various cancer cell lines, with some PGs advancing to clinical trials for cancer treatment. This
review aims to illuminate the molecular mechanisms underlying PG-induced apoptosis in cancer cells and explore
the structure-activity relationships pertinent to their anticancer properties. Such insights may serve as a foundation
for further research in anticancer drug development, potentially leading to the creation of novel, targeted
therapies based on PGs or their derivatives.
The Impact of Community-based Mental Health Interventions on Mental Disorders
Authors: Noronha Flavia Sharlet , Jose Tessy Treesa , George Linu Sara , Bhandary Rajeshkrishna , Praharaj Samir
Published: August 2024

Introduction:

Common Mental Disorders (CMD) cause significant impairment
in socio-occupational functioning, leading to dreadful socio-economic consequences on the
individual, family, and society. Even though mental illness is prevalent worldwide, the
public health burden of mental illness seems to be the highest in low- and middle-income
countries (LMICs). In these countries, lack of access to essential mental health services has
also led to a significant treatment gap in psychiatric disorders. In such a situation, reaching
out to the community and utilizing community-based resources to decentralize mental
health care is essential.

Objective:

The aim of this narrative review was to appraise the impact of community-based
mental health interventions on CMD. This review also highlights the impact of the rightsbased
approach in mental health care and the psychosocial determinants of mental health.

Methods:

A thorough search of databases, such as PubMed/Medline, CINHAL, and Scopus,
was done to gather articles published between January 2001 and July 2023. Studies
answering the central theme of the review, such as the trends and existing mental health
services in the community and their impact on CMD, were included in the review. The
relevant articles were analyzed in detail.

Results::

Involvement of people at the grassroots level through peer support programs or in
recovery camps, addressing the social determinants like poverty, housing, and unemployment,
and a rights-based approach in every mental health service were found to be beneficial
and effective in running community mental health services. These approaches are the
need of the hour and are well accepted by the people in the community.

Conclusion:

In order to overcome the treatment gap in LMICs, a well-utilized community
mental health service is the only way out. The allocation of adequate funds by policymakers,
the development of infrastructure, and investment in manpower need to be scaled up
tremendously.
Egyetemi hallgatók tanulási szokásairól
Authors: Burján-Mosoni Boglárka , Vámosiné Varga Adrienn
Published: August 2024

What kind of electronically available content can students prefer? We conducted a questionnaire survey in which we asked about the study habits of university students: where, how, with whom, when, how much, where do they study? Do they use problem-solving software? We need to find out about it, since learning habits and strategies have changed significantly in recent years. Taking into account the answers to the questionnaire, we draw attention to some activities that improve the quality of education.
Typhoons and Tigers—flood risk in the Sundarbans
Authors: Need S. F.-S. , Metcalfe A. V. , Sen D. J. , Bhaskaran P. K. , Lambert M. F.
Published: August 2024

The many small inhabited islands of the Sundabarn region in north east India and Bangladesh, are subject to sea water flooding during cyclones. The objective is to predict flood risk so that improvements to flood defences can be prioritised. There are a few records of flood heights at a very limited set of locations, but there are long term data on cyclones that can be used to drive a simulation model to estimate flood risk at any points in the Sundarbans. The cyclone data is used to fit a stochastic model for cyclones. The cyclone model is combined with a deterministic storm surge model that provides sea level at the boundary of the Sundarbans. A hydraulic routing model, MIKE–21, is then used to predict water levels over a grid of interior points. The combined deterministic surge and routing models are approximated by a regression type model, so the stochastic simulation can quickly generate thousand of years of flood events. Results from a simulation are presented.
References

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S. K. Dube. Prediction of storm surges in the Bay of Bengal. Trop. Cyclone Res. Rev. 1.1 (2012), pp. 67–74. doi: 10.6057/2012TCRR01.08
R. Gayathri, P. K. Bhaskaran, and D. Sen. Numerical study on storm surge and associated coastal inundation for 2009 AILA Cyclone in the head Bay of Bengal. Aquatic Proc. 4 (2015), pp. 404–411. doi: 10.1016/j.aqpro.2015.02.054
A. F. Rahman, D. Dragoni, and B. El-Masri. Response of the Sundarbans coastline to sea level rise and decreased sediment flow: A remote sensing assessment. Remote Sen. Environ. 115.12 (2011), pp. 3121–3128. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2011.06.019
WCRP Global Sea Level Budget Group. Global sea level budget 1993–present. Earth Sys. Sci. Data 10.3 (2018), pp. 1551–1590. doi: 10.5194/essd-10-1551-2018
Summary Measure of Health-Related Quality of Life and Its Related Factors Based on the Chinese Version of the Core Healthy Days Measures: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Shi Yulin , Wang Baohua , Zhao Jian , Wang Chunping , Li Ning , Chen Min , Wan Xia
Published: August 2024

Background

The core Healthy Days measures were used to track the population-level health status in the China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance; however, they were not easily combined to create a summary of the overall health-related quality of life (HRQOL), limiting this indicator’s use.

Objective

This study aims to develop a summary score based on the Chinese version of the core Healthy Days measures (HRQOL-5) and apply it to estimate HRQOL and its determinants in a Chinese population.

Methods

From November 2018 to May 2019, a multistage stratified cluster survey was conducted to examine population health status and behavioral risk factors among the resident population older than 15 years in Weifang City, Shandong Province, China. Both exploratory factor analyses and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to reveal the underlying latent construct of HRQOL-5 and then to quantify the overall HRQOL by calculating its summary score. Tobit regression models were finally carried out to identify the influencing factors of the summary score.

Results

A total of 26,269 participants (male: n=13,571, 51.7%; mean age 55.9, SD 14.9 years) were included in this study. A total of 71% (n=18,663) of respondents reported that they had excellent or very good general health. One summary factor was extracted to capture overall HRQOL using exploratory factor analysis. The confirmatory factor analysis further confirmed this one-factor model (Tucker-Lewis index, comparative fit index, and goodness-of-fit index >0.90; root mean square error of approximation 0.02). Multivariate Tobit regression analysis showed that age (β=–0.06), educational attainments (primary school: β=0.72; junior middle school: β=1.46; senior middle school or more: β=2.58), average income (≥¥30,000 [US $4200]: β=0.69), physical activity (β=0.75), alcohol use (β=0.46), self-reported disease (β=−6.36), and self-reported injury (β=–5.00) were the major influencing factors on the summary score of the HRQOL-5.

Conclusions

This study constructs a summary score from the HRQOL-5, providing a comprehensive representation of population-level HRQOL. Differences in summary scores of different subpopulations may help set priorities for health planning in China to improve population HRQOL.
Pediatric Sedation Assessment and Management System (PSAMS) for Pediatric Sedation in China: Development and Implementation Report
Authors: Zhu Ziyu , Liu Lan , Du Min , Ye Mao , Xu Ximing , Xu Ying
Published: August 2024

Background

Recently, the growing demand for pediatric sedation services outside the operating room has imposed a heavy burden on pediatric centers in China. There is an urgent need to develop a novel system for improved sedation services.

Objective

This study aimed to develop and implement a computerized system, the Pediatric Sedation Assessment and Management System (PSAMS), to streamline pediatric sedation services at a major children’s hospital in Southwest China.

Methods

PSAMS was designed to reflect the actual workflow of pediatric sedation. It consists of 3 main components: server-hosted software; client applications on tablets and computers; and specialized devices like gun-type scanners, desktop label printers, and pulse oximeters. With the participation of a multidisciplinary team, PSAMS was developed and refined during its application in the sedation process. This study analyzed data from the first 2 years after the system’s deployment.

Implementation (Results)

From January 2020 to December 2021, a total of 127,325 sedations were performed on 85,281 patients using the PSAMS database. Besides basic variables imported from Hospital Information Systems (HIS), the PSAMS database currently contains 33 additional variables that capture comprehensive information from presedation assessment to postprocedural recovery. The recorded data from PSAMS indicates a one-time sedation success rate of 97.1% (50,752/52,282) in 2020 and 97.5% (73,184/75,043) in 2021. The observed adverse events rate was 3.5% (95% CI 3.4%‐3.7%) in 2020 and 2.8% (95% CI 2.7%-2.9%) in 2021.

Conclusions

PSAMS streamlined the entire sedation workflow, reduced the burden of data collection, and laid a foundation for future cooperation of multiple pediatric health care centers.
Association Between Particulate Matter Exposure and Preterm Birth in Women With Abnormal Preconception Thyrotropin Levels: Large Cohort Study
Authors: Xu Ting , Ni Haobo , Cai Xiaoyan , Dai Tingting , Wang Lingxi , Xiao Lina , Zeng Qinghui , Yu Xiaolin , Han Lu , Guo Pi
Published: August 2024

Background

Prior research has linked exposure to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) with preterm birth (PTB). However, the modulating effect of preconception thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels on the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and PTB has not been investigated.

Objective

This study aimed to assess whether preconception TSH levels modulate the impact of PM2.5 exposure on PTB.

Methods

This cohort study was conducted in Guangdong, China, as a part of the National Free Pre-Pregnancy Checkups Project. PM2.5 exposure was estimated by using the inverse distance weighting method. To investigate the moderating effects of TSH levels on trimester-specific PM2.5 exposure and PTB, we used the Cox proportional hazards model. Additionally, to identify the susceptible exposure windows for weekly specific PM2.5 exposure and PTB, we built distributed lag models incorporating Cox proportional hazards models.

Results

A total of 633,516 women who delivered between January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019, were included. In total, 34,081 (5.4%) of them had abnormal preconception TSH levels. During the entire pregnancy, each 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was linked to elevated risks of PTB (hazard ratio [HR] 1.559, 95% CI 1.390‐1.748), early PTB (HR 1.559, 95% CI 1.227‐1.980), and late PTB (HR 1.571, 95% CI 1.379‐1.791) among women with abnormal TSH levels. For women with normal preconception TSH levels, PM2.5 exposure during the entire pregnancy was positively associated with the risk of PTB (HR 1.345, 95% CI 1.307‐1.385), early PTB (HR 1.203, 95% CI 1.126‐1.285), and late PTB (HR 1.386, 95% CI 1.342‐1432). The critical susceptible exposure windows were the 3rd-13th and 28th-35th gestational weeks for women with abnormal preconception TSH levels, compared to the 1st-13th and 21st-35th gestational weeks for those with normal preconception TSH levels.

Conclusions

PM2.5 exposure was linked with a higher PTB risk, particularly in women with abnormal preconception TSH levels. PM2.5 exposure appears to have a greater effect on pregnant women who are in the early or late stages of pregnancy.