bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ИНСОН ВА ҚОНУН НОРМАТИВ-ҲУҚУҚИЙ ҲУЖЖАТЛАР ЛОЙИҲАЛАРИНИ ЭКСПЕРТИЗАДАН ЎТКАЗИШ ТАРТИБИ ВА УНИНГ АМАЛИЙ АҲАМИЯТИ
Authors: Ахрор Х.
Published: April 2023

Мақолада ҳуқуқ ижодкорлиги жараёнида экспертиза билан боғлиқ масалалар, жумладан ҳуқуқий экспертизанинг моҳияти ва унинг турлари, норматив-ҳуқуқий ҳужжатлар ижроси самарадорлигини таъминлашда уларни ҳуқуқий экспертизадан ўтказишнинг аҳамияти атрофлича таҳлил қилинган.

In the article, issues related to expertise normative legal acts in the process of law creation, including the nature and types of legal expertise, the importance of legal expertise in ensuring the effectiveness of the implementation of normative legal documents are analyzed in detail.

В статье подробно анализируются вопросы, связанные с экспертизой в процессе правотворчества, в том числе сущность и виды юридической экспертизы. Приводятся выводы о значение юридической экспертизы в обеспечении эффективности реализации нормативных правовых документов.
NATIONAL MECHANISMS FOR STIMULATING THE PARTICIPATION OF REPRESENTATIVES OF NATIONAL MINORITIES IN THE ELECTORAL PROCESS
Authors: Dilbar K.
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the following main directions of legal regulation for the participation of national minorities in political life: the system of granting advantages when participating in elections, quotas of seats in parliament, the establishment of proportions of representation of various ethnic groups in parliament, voting in parliament, taking into account the opinions of ethnic groups, the adoption of special legislative acts aimed at protecting the rights of representatives of national minorities, establishment of institutions of commissioners for the rights of national minorities, granting special privileges to autonomies, giving compatriots the opportunity to participate in elections.

Мақолада миллий озчиликларнинг сиёсий ҳаётдаги иштирокини ҳуқуқий тартибга солишнинг қуйидаги асосий йўналишлари таҳлил қилинган: сайловларда иштирок этишда имтиёзлар бериш тизими, парламентдаги депутатлик ўринларини квоталаш, парламентдаги турли этник гуруҳлар вакиллик нисбатини белгилаш, этник гуруҳларнинг фикрларини инобатга олган ҳолда парламентда овоз бериш, миллий озчиликлар вакилларининг ҳуқуқларини ҳимоя қилишга қаратилган махсус қонун ҳужжатларини қабул қилиш, миллий озчиликлар ҳуқуқлари бўйича ваколатли институтларни жорий этиш, мухториятларга алоҳида имтиёзлар бериш, ватандошларга сайловларда қатнашиш имкониятини тақдим этиш ва чет элдаги миллий диаспораларни қўллаб-қувватлаш.

В статье анализируются следующие основные направления правового регулирования учас тия национальных меньшинств в политической жизни: система предоставления преимуществ при участии в выборах, квотирование мест в парламенте, установление пропорций представительства различных этнических групп в парламенте, голосование в парламенте с учетом мнения этнических групп, принятие специальных законодательных актов, направленных на защиту прав представителей национальных меньшинств, учреждение институтов уполномоченных по правам национальных меньшинств, предоставление особых привилегий автономиям, предоставление возможности участвовать в выборах соотечественникам, поддержка национальных диаспор за рубежом.
Effect of Fiber Morphology and Elemental Composition of Ananas comosus Leaf on Cellulose Content and Permittivity
Authors: Abu Talip Yusof Nurhafizah , Zainol Norazwina , Hazwani Aziz Nor , Shaiful Abdul Karim Mohamad
Published: April 2023

The fiber morphology and elemental composition of pineapple leaf fibers were analyzed to understand their effect on the cellulose content and permittivity value. Cellulose fiber was extracted from pineapple leaf via the alkaline treatment method, and the content was determined using the Kurschner-Hanack method. The permittivity value of the developed cellulose fiber was measured based on the waveguide technique in the G-band. The surface morphology of the developed fiber was examined with scanning electron microscopy. Meanwhile, energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was used to identify the elemental composition of the pineapple leaf fibers. The findings were that the cellulose fibers with the least diameter and distance between fibers exhibited the highest permittivity value, which was 1.85. The EDX analysis demonstrated that carbon was the commonest elemental in all fibers, and was 55 wt.% of the total element composition. Furthermore, the results showed that the permittivity value increased as the carbon composition increased, and decreased as the oxygen composition increased. Hence, the morphological and elemental studies of the cellulose fiber are useful in determining the permittivity value of the cellulose fiber for material development. The high permittivity value of the pineapple leaf fibers is believed to have great potential for use in electronic components.
O impacto da suplementação proteica na manutenção de massa magra em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica
Authors: Cornelio Thiago da Silva , Nassif Paulo Afonso Nunes , Filho Jurandir Marcondes Ribas
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Obesity is a chronic disease that has become a global public health concern. Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment option for morbid obesity, providing weight loss and improved quality of life. However, postoperative lean mass loss is an important concern. Objective: Retrospective study on the impact of protein supplementation with whey protein on the loss of lean body mass in patients undergoing gastric bypass. Method: Patients aged 18-60 years without complications were followed up for at two years and divided into 2 groups: one received protein supplementation with whey protein (Group A, n=19) and another, control group, that did not receive supplementation (Group B , n=13). Demographic, anthropometric, clinical and laboratory data were collected and patients' assessment of quality of life before and after the operation. Results: The mean age was 38 years. The average loss of lean mass was 34.67 kg. There was no statistically significant difference in lean or total mass loss between groups (p=0.121 and p=0.072, respectively). The average quality of life before was 3.06 points and after the operation, 8.13 points. There was a statistically significant difference in quality of life between groups (p=0.018). The group that received supplementation had an average adherence to dietary guidelines of 8.06 points, while the one without an average of 6.14 points (p=0.045). Conclusion: The results indicated that protein supplementation had no significant effect on lean mass loss. However, improved patients' adherence to post-surgical dietary guidelines and did not affect quality of life.
Tumores neuroendócrinos pancreáticos: revisão histopatológica
Authors: Alencar Isabella Lins , Oliveira Julia Werner de , Vicelli Camilla Rodrigues , Miyawaki Luana Naomi , Biagini Giuliana , Mehanna Samya Hamad , Biagini Gleyne Lopes Kujew
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are considered rare. They are classified into functioning and non-functioning. Objective: To define and classify pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors according to their histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation, associated with diagnostic criteria. Method: This is a narrative review of publications found in PubMed, SciELO and Google Scholar. Results: These tumors can be well or poorly differentiated and have distinct microscopic characteristics. Well-differentiated cells are small in shape, have uniform round or oval nuclei, finely granular cytoplasm indicating strong secretory capacity, and maintain the organoid structure. Presence of tumor necrosis, increased mitotic activity and high Ki-67 index indicate a high probability of neuroendocrine neoplasia. Chromogranin A and synaptophysin favor the diagnosis of well-differentiated. The positive staining of BCL 10 together with the absence of expression of chromogranin A and synaptophysin show poor tumor differentiation. The presence of positive staining for hormone expressions does not define the tumor as functioning. Conclusion: There was an increase in the diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with the use of imaging techniques and awareness of the disease. Histopathological analysis with immunohistochemistry, especially when there are consuming symptoms, can indicate the type of carcinoma and lead to the most appropriate treatment.
Weekend warrior exercise model for protection from chronic mild stress‑induced depression and ongoing cognitive impairment
Authors: Öztürk Çiğdem Çantalı , Ataoğlu Serra Nur , Arvas Ayşenur , Tokol Hamide , Yaprak Havva , Gürel Sümeyra , Levent Hilal Nişva , Akakın Dilek , Şahin Ali , Çakır Barış , Kasımay Özgür
Published: April 2023

We aim to investigate the role and biological mechanisms of the weekend warrior (WW) exercise model on depression‑induced rats in comparison to the continuous exercise (CE) model. Sedentary, WW, and CE rats were subjected to chronic mild stress (CMS) procedure. CMS and exercise protocols continued for six weeks. Anhedonia was evaluated by sucrose preference, depressive behavior by Porsolt, cognitive functions by object recognition and passive avoidance, and anxiety levels by open field and elevated plus maze. After behavioral assessments, brain tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and GSH content, tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α), interleukin‑6 (IL‑6), IL‑1β, cortisol and brain‑derived neurotrophic factor levels and histological damage was assessed. CMS‑induced depression‑like outcomes with increases in anhedonia and decreases in cognitive measures that are rescued with both exercise models. The increased immobilization time in the Porsolt test was decreased with only WW. Exercise also normalized the suppression of antioxidant capacity and MPO increase induced by CMS in both exercise models. MDA levels also declined with both exercise models. Anxiety‑like behavior, cortisol levels, and histological damage scores were exacerbated with depression and improved by both exercise models. TNF‑α levels were depleted with both exercise models, and IL‑6 only with WW. WW was as protective as CE in CMS‑induced depression‑like cognitive and behavioral changes via suppressing inflammatory processes and improving antioxidant capacity.
Effects of varied‑intensity endurance exercise training on oxidative and antioxidant factors in the liver of rats with valproic acid‑induced autism
Authors: Mirzavandi Farzad , Sabet Nazanin , Aminzadeh Azadeh , Heidari Mahmoodreza , Pouya Fatemeh , Moslemizadeh Amirhossein , Parizi Ali Saeidpour , Bashiri Hamideh
Published: April 2023

Autism spectrum disorders are complex behavioral disorders that can be caused by exposure to valproic acid (VPA) during pregnancy. A therapeutic role for exercise training has been reported in many neurological diseases and problems, including autism. We aimed to evaluate various intensities of endurance exercise training and investigate its effects on oxidative and antioxidant factors in the liver of young males in a rat model of autism. Female rats were divided into a treatment (autism) and a control group. The autism group received VPA intraperitoneally on day 12.5 of pregnancy and the control pregnant females received saline. On the 30th day post‑birth, a social interaction test was performed on the offspring to confirm autistic‑like behavior. Offspring were divided into three subgroups: no exercise, mild exercise training, and moderate exercise training. Then the oxidative index of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the antioxidant indices of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and catalase in liver tissue were examined. The results of this study showed that both indices of sociability and social novelty decreased in the autism group. MDA levels in the liver of the autistic group increased, and moderate exercise training was shown to reduce the levels. Catalase and SOD activity as well as TAC levels decreased in the autism group, and moderate‑intensity exercise training was shown to increase the values. Parameters of hepatic oxidative stress were altered in VPA‑induced autism, and moderate‑intensity endurance exercise training was demonstrated to have beneficial effects on hepatic oxidative stress factors by modulating the antioxidant/oxidant ratio.
Peripheral and cerebral inflammation induced by repeated anesthesia and surgery do not cause impairment of learning and memory in middle‑aged mice
Authors: Lu Jian , Tao Xiaoyan , Dai Hongyu , Gao Sunan , Zhou Hongmei
Published: April 2023

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a postoperative complication of the central nervous system that reduces quality of life and increases mortality in perioperative patients, especially among elderly patients. Many studies have shown that the incidence of postoperative cognitive impairment in adults induced by one‑time anesthesia and surgery is very low, while multiple experiences of anesthesia and surgery can induce cognitive impairment in the developing brain. However, the effect of multiple experiences of anesthesia and surgery on cognitive function over a short period in middle‑aged mice, i.e., 6 to 8 months old, remains unclear. In this study, we explored whether the cognitive function of mice aged 6–8 months is impaired after multiple operations. Middle‑aged mice (6 to 8 months old) healthy male C57BL/6 mice underwent exploratory laparotomy under isoflurane anesthesia. Morris water maze testing was performed after the operations. Blood and brain samples were collected at 6 h, 24 h, and 48 h after the operations. Serum IL‑6, IL‑1, and S‑100β concentrations were detected by ELISA. The expressions of ChAT, AChE, and Aβ in the hippocampus were  measured by western blot. Up‑regulation of Iba1 and GFAP, respectively, indicated activation of microglia and astrocytes in the hippocampus. Expression of Iba1 and GFAP was examined by immunofluorescence. The present results revealed that serum IL‑6, IL‑1β, and S‑100β concentrations were enhanced after multiple instances of anesthesia and surgery, and microglia and astrocytes in the hippocampus were activated. However, learning and memory were not impaired in the middle‑aged mice by multiple experiences of anesthesia and surgery. There were no changes in ChAT, AChE, and Aβ in the hippocampus after multiple experiences of anesthesia/surgery. Taken together, we suggest that although multiple anesthesia/surgery procedures can induce peripheral inflammation, neuroinflammation, and transient cerebral injury, it is insufficient to impair learning and memory in middle‑aged mice.
Effect of milnacipran on brain‑derived neurotrophic factor and oxidative stress biomarkers in patients of major depressive disorder
Authors: Gupta Rachna , Ghosh Rupanwita , Bhatia Manjeet S , Tripathi AK , Gupta Lalit K
Published: April 2023

Emerging hypotheses in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) suggest important role of neurotrophicfactors and oxidative stress. This study assessed the effect of milnacipran (a dual serotonin‑noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor) onbrain‑derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and oxidative stress biomarkers i.e., malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione‑S‑transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) in patients of MDD. Thirty patients (aged 18 to 60 years) with MDD diagnosed by DSM‑IV criteria, with Hamilton Depression Rating scale (HAM‑D) score ≥ 14 were included in the study. Patients were given milnacipran in the doses of 50‑100 mg once daily. Patients were followed up for 12 weeks. HAM‑D score at the start of treatment was 17.8±1.7 which significantly reduced to 8.9±3.1 at 12 weeks of treatment. In responders, the plasma BDNF levels increased significantly at 12 weeks post treatment. There was no significant change in the pre‑ and post‑treatment values of oxidative stress parameters (MDA, GST and GR) after 12 week treatment. Milnacipran is effective and well tolerated in MDD patients, and its therapeutic response is associated with an increase in plasma BDNF levels. However, milnacipran did not affect oxidative stress biomarkers.
An update of 4‑aminopyride as a useful model of generalized seizures for testing antiseizure drugs: in vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Mejía Consuelo Ventura , Nuñez‑Ibarra Brandon H. , Medina‑Ceja Laura
Published: April 2023

Aminopyridines constitute a drug family with the ability to enhance synaptic transmission. In particular, 4‑aminopyridine (4‑AP) has been used as a model of generalized seizures. 4‑AP is a K+ channel blocker, but its mechanism of action has not yet been fully described; some evidence has shown that it acts on the K+ channel types Kv1.1, Kv1.2, Kv1.4 and Kv4, which are localized in the axonic terminals of pyramidal neurons and interneurons. When 4‑AP blocks the K+ channels it triggers depolarization and prolongs the action potential in the neuron, which causes nonspecific neurotransmitter release. Among these neurotransmitters, glutamate is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter released in the hippocampus. Once glutamate is released, it reaches its ionotropic and metabotropic receptors continuing the neuronal depolarization chain and propagation of hyperexcitability. This brief review is focused on the use of 4‑AP as an effective seizure model for testing antiseizure drugs in relevant in vitro and in vivo studies.
Fasudil alleviates cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury by inhibiting inflammation and improving neurotrophic factor expression in rats
Authors: Guo Min‑Fang , Zhang Hui‑Yu , Zhang Pei‑Jun , Zhao Yi‑Jin , Yu Jing‑Wen , Meng Tao , Li Meng‑Di , Li Na , Ma Cun‑Gen , Song Li‑Juan , Yu Jie‑Zhong
Published: April 2023

The Rho kinase inhibitor fasudil exerts neuroprotective effects. We previously showed that fasudil can regulate M1/M2 microglia polarization and inhibit neuroinflammation. Here, the therapeutic effect of fasudil on cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion (I/R) injury was investigated using the middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R) model in Sprague‑Dawley rats. The effect of fasudil on the phenotype of microglia and neurotrophic factors in the I/R brain and its potential molecular mechanism was also explored. It was found that fasudil ameliorated neurological deficits, neuronal apoptosis, and inflammatory response in rats with cerebral I/R injury. Fasudil also promoted the polarization of microglia into the M2 phenotype, in turn promoting the secretion of neurotrophic factors. Furthermore, fasudil significantly inhibited the expression of TLR4 and NF‑κB. These findings suggest that fasudil could inhibit the neuroinflammatory response and reduce brain injury after I/R injury by regulating the shift of microglia from an inflammatory M1 phenotype to an anti‑inflammatory M2 phenotype, which may be related to the regulation of the TLR4/ NF‑κB signal pathway.
Alinhamento entre discurso e práticas de gestão estratégica de pessoas: estudo de caso em uma empresa de tecnologia da informação
Authors: Silva Fabia Caroline Ferraz Monteiro , Brauer Marcus , Da Costa Isabel de Sá Affonso , Oriol Ettore de Carvalho
Published: April 2023

Este estudo qualitativo e descritivo teve como objetivo verificar se há alinhamento entre a teoria da Gestão Estratégica de Pessoas – GEP (Becker & Huselid, 2016), o discurso e a prática. O método aplicado foi o estudo de caso na empresa Nasajon Sistemas. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de (i) entrevistas semiestruturadas, (ii) técnica projetiva de frases evocadoras e (iii) documentos públicos e registros internos. Os dados coletados foram tratados por análise de conteúdo, auxiliado pelo software NVIVO, sendo que a validade dos achados foi realizada por triangulação das análises das entrevistas, técnicas projetivas evocadoras e documentos públicos e registros internos. Os resultados evidenciam que há alinhamento entre a teoria da Gestão Estratégica de Recursos, discurso organizacional e práticas na organização estudada, apoiado pela força da cultura organizacional (Morgan, 2006). As contribuições principais do estudo referem-se à diminuição da lacuna de conhecimento sobre as articulações entre discurso e prática da GEP nos contextos organizacionais.
Unidades fraseológicas: Fraseologismos, frasemas, expressões pluri ou poliverbais, formas cristalizadas, idiomatismos, expressões idiomáticas
Authors: Souza Ivan Pereira de , Pinto Antônio Sérgio da Costa , Márcia Goretti Pereira de Márcia Goretti Pereira de
Published: April 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo revisitar o referencial teórico sobre Fraseologia e fraseologismos. A partir de um breve relato histórico dos estudos das unidades fraseológicas nas Ciências do Léxico, essas unidades são identificadas de acordo com os conceitos atribuídos a elas por teóricos como Casares (1950); Zuluaga (1980), Carneado-Moré e Tristá-Pérez (1985); Corpas-Pastor (1996) dentre outros e, no Brasil, em especial, Xatara (1994, 1995, 1998a, 1998b, 2002), Ortíz-Alvarez (2000, 2003, 2004a, 2004b, 2009), Durão et al. (2004), Durão e Rocha (2005), Silva (2011), Monteiro-Plantin (2011a, 2011b). Destacam-se a eliminação das composições no estudo das unidades fraseológicas e a distinção entre estas e as colocações. Por outro lado, há uma discussão sobre os termos “locução” e “expressão idiomática” na análise das unidades fraseológicas. Sobre as expressões idiomáticas, suas características e classificação, ressaltam-se também as pesquisas, no Brasil, de Xatara (1994, 1998a, 1998b), Ortíz-Alvarez (2000, 2003, 2004a, 2004b, 2009), Durão et al. (2004), Durão e Rocha (2005), Monteiro-Plantin (2011a, 2011b). À guisa de conclusão, neste artigo considera-se a expressão idiomática como uma unidade lexical, pluriverbal ou frasal, com sentido metafórico, alto grau de idiomaticidade e certo grau de fixação. Essas expressões podem encontrar equivalentes em outras línguas se houver correspondência semântica.
Influence of transpersonal brief psychotherapy on depression and anxiety in patients with Crohn's disease
Authors: Acciari Arlete Silva
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Crohn’s disease is a chronic illness with continuous and longstanding treatment, being these patients more vulnerable to develop psychological disorders. Objectives: Evaluating the effects of Transpersonal Brief Psychotherapy over anxiety and depression on patients with Crohn’s disease. Method: The sample was composed by 11 Crohn’s disease patients of both sexes and mean age of 40 years old. It was used the clinical method and the procedure consisted of treatment with Transpersonal Brief Psychotherapy based on the theoretical reference of the Transpersonal Integrative Approach with data collection before and after the psychotherapy. The following instruments were used: Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory and the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index. In order to evaluate the results, it was applied descriptive analysis and the statistical methodology with Wilcoxon test. Results: The procedure turned out to be effective to all instruments (p<0.05) and the most significant result was to depression (-76.8%), followed by anxiety (-62%) and the disease activity (-35%). Conclusion: The Transpersonal Brief Psychotherapy has brought meaningful benefits to patients with Crohn’s disease, reducing the levels of anxiety, depression and the severity of Crohn’s disease and, consequently, it has improved their life quality.
Therapeutic perspective of COVID-19 against corticosteroids
Authors: Lima Mercia Mendes de , Rodrigues William Augustine , Vasconcelos John Peter , Araújo Igor Gomes de , Morais Arlandia Cristina Lima Nobre de
Published: April 2023

Coronaviruses belong to a broad family called Coronoviridae, they are simple RNA viruses. In SARS-CoV-2 infection, a cytokine storm occurs in the body, responsible for tissue damage, and pulmonary and systemic inflammation. For this reason, corticosteroids appear as a viable option. This study conducted a systematic review of the pharmacotherapy of steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. The study was conducted in January 2023, using the SCIELO and PUBMED databases. The keywords were: corticosteroid, SARS-CoV-2, therapy, corticosteroids, hospitalized, and COVID-19 combined with the Boolean operators AND and OR. Articles published from 2020 to 2022 in the languages Portuguese and English were included. Of the 8 articles included in this review, 50% (n=4) are cohort studies, 37.5% (n=3) are clinical studies, and 12.5% (n=1) are observational studies. As for the year of publication, 25% (n=2) are from 2020, 62.5% (n=5) are from 2021 and 12.5% (n=1) are from 2022. Of the country where the survey was conducted, 37.5% (n=3) were conducted in Iran. China, South Africa, Spain, Colombia, and Lisbon had 12.5% (n=1) of studies each. The population samples visualized in the 8 studies ranged from 62 patients to 774 patients, with a mean age ranging from 53.5 to 64 years, 55.8% men, and 44.1% women. Among the comorbidities observed in each study, Diabetes Mellitus and hypertension were the most common, followed by cardiovascular events, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, dyslipidemia, and obesity or HIV. Regarding the severity of COVID-19, 50% (n=4) of the studies were done with patients who had the severe form of the disease, 37.5% (n=3) moderate to severe, and 12.5% (n=1) of the studies reported that 63.6% of the sample (49/77) evolved to the severe form of the disease. Among the corticosteroids included in the studies, those that presented the best clinical outcomes were methylprednisolone in 50% (n=4) of the studies with doses ranging from 80mg/day to 500mg/day during the range of 3 to 14 days of treatment. Prednisolone was followed in 12.5% (n=1) of the studies at a dose of 25mg/day for 5 days of treatment and dexamethasone in 25% (n=2) of the studies. The therapeutic benefit of corticosteroids for the control of moderate and severe cases caused by the so-called "cytokine storm" that occurred in the body of human beings infected by SARS-CoV-2 is evident.
Development of phytocosmetics based on the hydroalcoholic extract of Myrciaria cauliflora (jabuticaba)
Authors: Tupy Isabela Carvalho , Nascimento Gyzelle Pereira Vilhena do , Mota Alberto de Andrade Reis , Longatti Simone Cruz
Published: April 2023

Brazil holds the largest reserves of natural resources in the world, being an international highlight in biological diversity, it is estimated that 20% of the total species already inventoried are in Brazil. However, the literature indicates that there are few studies related to the use and development of technologies from native plants, mainly in the cosmetic industry. This work aims to develop a cosmetic product based on the hydroalcoholic extract of the bark of Myrciaria Cauliflora (jabuticaba) and carry out its quality control. As an extraction methodology, cold maceration was used, with distilled water as the extracting liquid. Three different concentrations of extract incorporation were tested [1.5%], [3.5%] and [4.0%], in triplicate, and centrifugation tests, temperature stress, organoleptic assays, pH, density, and spreadability. All samples were stable in most tests, with changes being observed in centrifugation tests (creaming) in all samples, and temperature stress at 70°C, where there was flocculation of concentration samples [4.0%]. The moisturizer obtained from the hydroalcoholic extract of Myrciaria cauliflora bark has a potential cosmetological profile, being an economical alternative for the cosmetic industries due to the possible reuse of waste from the food industry, and encompasses the new market of consumers who value the ecological footprint of companies.
Common breeding sites surrounded in the region of the araucaria forests
Authors: Campigoto José Adilçon
Published: April 2023

Investigations in the area of the history of traditional peoples, specifically of the faxinalenses, tend to the scope of the present time, either because of the emphasis on the aspect of territorialities, or due to the lack of written documents that go beyond the field of memories and images. For this reason, we suppose, it has been difficult to understand the collective fence that surrounds the common breeding facilities located in cleaning areas, as an event restricted to a region of the current state of Paraná. We investigate how this distinct way of organizing the relations between the chamber of humans and that of nonhumans was constituted. It is assumed that, due to the model of occupation of the Brazilian territory by the Portuguese, the rocios served as a certain pattern to the common breeding sites surrounded by the sharing of the inhabited space between domestic animals and human beings. As the elevation of the parishes to the category of villages marks the beginning of the local legislation regarding the use of the rocios, and the terms of the municipalities, the documentary body of this project is constituted by these legislations. Curitiba because it is an important urban center in which communities are organized in the form of faxes in the area of metropolitan coverage will have centrality in terms of spatial cut.
O papel da educação e dos valores científicos na divulgação do conhecimento
Authors: Hümmelgen Bruno , Signorelli Keylla Thaís
Published: April 2023

Em todos os níveis educacionais, os manuais científicos e os materiais didáticos apresentam as teorias científicas e os conhecimentos técnicos como informações validadas pela ciência e com bom grau de confiança dentro de cada campo científico, sugerindo o estágio mais avançado do conhecimento. Em essência, a ciência busca explicações verdadeiras sobre os fenômenos observáveis, porém a partir de uma perspectiva falibilista, o empreendimento científico não possui meios para garantir a sua veracidade, trabalhando apenas com teorias aproximadamente verdadeiras. O conhecimento científico existe, mas é provisório. O problema emerge quando os livros didáticos e os manuais científicos apresentam essas teorias não como algo provisoriamente aceito pela comunidade científica, mas como conhecimentos quase inquestionáveis, cuja disseminação adota uma postura dogmática e doutrinária. Nos moldes como a educação está instaurada em nossa sociedade, ela surge como um instrumento institucionalizado pelo qual, desde as crianças até os especialistas, a memorização do conhecimento é priorizada frente à liberdade de pensamento e ao estímulo ao raciocínio crítico, pela utilização desses materiais e livros científicos. A conclusão deste trabalho sugere que, uma vez que não há maneiras de garantir a veracidade de uma teoria científica, apenas seu caráter provisório pela boa confiança em seus resultados vigentes, os materiais didáticos, independentemente do nível educacional, devem apresentar as teorias científicas a partir da visão falibilista da ciência, buscando o estímulo ao racionalismo crítico, à liberdade de pensamento e ao poder criativo.
Investigating Gasoline Contamination Effects on Daphnia’s Heartbeat in a Simulated Lake
Authors: Won Junseo
Published: April 2023

Gasoline evaporates quickly on the water's surface compared to other liquid agents. Gasoline, even in trivial amounts, can adversely affect fish and plants that live there. Its vapors may be toxic to birds and mammals at high concentrations. On land, spilled gasoline can rapidly diffuse into the soil, potentially causing groundwater or surface water contamination. And, the gasoline swept with water should be collected into the much larger water body such as lakes and rivers, in which Daphnia thrives while assisting the healthy ecology of so many other aquatic organisms.

This study used groups of beakers filled with gasoline-contaminated water, vegetable-ground organic materials, and a magnetic stirrer, simulating water currents and organic components in freshwater reservoirs. The effects of gasoline concentrations, organic matter existence, and temperature were investigated. The results showed that the gasoline was highly toxic for the survival of Daphnia, considering their death at a relative concentration of less than 0.1mL of 0.01 ml gasoline/water solution. The heartbeat change% and survival% in 1.0-hour incubation were mathematically proportional to the variables of gasoline concentration, temperature and organic matter amounts, and stirring forces in the gasoline-contaminated water. The dependency of each variable was quantitatively identified. Further study might be needed to understand deeper for mutual relationships of the variables.
Colorectal cancer testing rates after implementation of an organised screening programme in Vaud, Switzerland
Authors: Hempel-Bruder Christina , Syrogiannouli Lamprini , Schneider Rémi , Bissig Sarah , Senn Oliver , Tal Kali , Bulliard Jean-Luc , Ducros Cyril , Schmid Christian P. R. , Auer Reto , Selby Kevin
Published: April 2023

AIMS OF THE STUDY: Canton Vaud, Switzerland, implemented an organised colorectal cancer  screening programme with colonoscopy and faecal occult blood tests in 2015, 4 to 6 years ahead of neighbouring cantons. Before its implementation, nearly half of Swiss citizens were already up to date with screening, primarily from opportunistic colonoscopies. We hypothesised that earlier implementation of an organised programme would be associated with greater increases in colorectal cancer testing rates. METHODS: We analysed Swiss health insurance claim data from CSS, a Swiss health insurer covering 16% of the Swiss population and 10% of canton Vaud. We stratified 50–69-year-olds into groups from Vaud, its four neighbouring cantons (Fribourg, Geneva, Neuchâtel and Valais), and the rest of Switzerland. We analysed overall, faecal occult blood test and colonoscopy testing rates for each year between 2010 and 2018. RESULTS: The overall testing rate increased from 7.6% in 2010 to 11.6% in 2018 (+4.0%) in Vaud, from 6.1% to 9.3% (+3.2%) in neighbouring cantons and from 7.4% to 8.6% (+1.2%) in the rest of Switzerland. The faecal occult blood test rate increased between 2016 and 2018 from 2.9% to 4.1% (+1.2%) in Vaud and from 1.7% to 2.6% (+0.9%) in neighbouring cantons, but it decreased from 3.1% to 1.5% (–1.6%) in the rest of Switzerland. The colonoscopy rate increased in all cantons, from 4.7% to 7.5% in Vaud (+2.8%), from 4.4% to 6.7% in neighbouring cantons (+2.3%) and from 4.3% to 7.1% in the rest of Switzerland (+2.8%). By 2018, 40% of faecal occult blood tests and 26% of colonoscopies in Vaud occurred in the organised programme. Those who completed an faecal occult blood test within the Vaud programme were younger, had fewer comorbidities and were more likely to have a high-deductible health plan than those tested outside the programme. CONCLUSIONS: Colorectal cancer testing rates increased between 2010 and 2018, with greater absolute increases in Vaud than in neighbouring cantons or the rest of Switzerland. Faecal occult blood test use increased in both Vaud and neighbouring cantons, possibly reflecting changes in testing patterns by general practitioners. By 2018, 40% of colonoscopies and 26% of faecal occult blood tests occurred within the screening programme.
Das Evangelium nach Markus
Authors: Söding Thomas
Published: April 2023

[The Gospel According to Mark] This large commentary makes the Gospel of Mark accessible as a commemoration of Jesus, both historically-critically and canonically. In light of the Easter faith, it makes the connections between the ministry and the passion of Jesus present for the first time in narrative form. Jesus embraces his mission to communicate the kingdom of God, as the Son of God in the midst of people, as a Jew for all peoples. The Gospel responds to a profound crisis of society and church, which is brought to a head by the Jewish War. It reveals the topicality of Jesus’s preaching: Faith colors all areas of life because, by following Jesus, it unites the saving relationship to God with social responsibility for one's neighbor. This orientation develops in the tradition of a living community, which Mark summarizes and maintains. The Gospel of Mark is interpreted as a fundamental testimony of personal Christology, which has had a lasting impact on the image of Jesus and continues to stimulate discussion of him to this day.
Role of Traceability Systems for Food Safety within Post-Harvest Systems: Indian Context
Authors: Arunfred N. , Bini Marin V.
Published: April 2023

The chapter deals with an understanding of the safety and traceability systems available for perishable food products in India. It represents various traceability standards for production, post-harvesting, pest control and product traceability. Moreover, global standards like GAP, GMP and HACCP are explained in the Indian context in a detailed way, right from production to post-harvesting of perishable food products. The drivers for the traceability system and the lack of infrastructural facilities that drags behind the proper implementation of traceability system in developing and vast nation like India has also been discussed. Finally, a recommendation has been made to the supply chain players in the food supply chain for the implementation of proper safety standards so that traceability and safety guidelines can be followed to meet the global standards in the Indian context. The conclusion part explores the digital advancements in India that are the driving force of the food traceable ecosystem.
Fragile Landscape. Sacrifice of the Russian land
Authors: Caprioglio N.
Published: April 2023

This essay analyses the individual’s alienation from the natural environment prompted by the commodification of nature. The analysis focuses on the novels “Proshchanie s Matyoroi” (Farewell to Matyora, 1976) by Valentin Rasputin and “Zona zatopleniya” (Flood Zone, 2015) by Roman Senchin and demonstrates how literature, both in the Soviet Union and in contemporary Russia, deals with the critical discourse on environmental issues, the protection of nature, human freedom, and the dignity of living beings. The two novels, written forty years apart, share the same subject: to build a hydroelectric power plant, a river is diverted from its path, vast territories are flooded, and the inhabitants of a Siberian village are be forced away from their homes. In the light of this affinity, this essay explores an eco-critical view as to how the conflict between nature and culture in Soviet and in present-day Russia can be represented through the motives of the clash between the old and the new world, civilization and wild nature, the urban and the natural environment. In particular, the two novels are linked by four cultural criteria: the mythography of a betrayed Eden, the representation of a world that offers no refuge from ecological disasters, the threat of a hegemonic oppression conducted either by the State or by powerful corporations at the expense of the local communities, and the ‘gothicization’ of the environment. Zona zatopleniyia can be read as a remake of Proshchanie s Materoi insofar as it denounces a system in which the technological innovations achieved in over half a century do not seem to be considered. At the same time, however, Senchin’s novel, starting from the end of the Soviet Union, highlights the environmental problems that have contributed to the end of the régime and suggests that old political models are no longer tenable in the new era. This starting point plays an important role for it defines nature no longer as a shelter from politics, but as a potential form of civil activity.
A case study of engineering instructor adaptability through evidence of course complexity changes
Authors: Diefes-Dux Heidi , Panther Grace
Published: April 2023

Use of a wide array of teaching practices and strategies has been shown to improve students’ conceptual understanding, appeal to a diverse set of students, and preparation for engineering work. Adaptability theory provides a lens for understanding changes instructors make and can be useful for conceptualizing faculty development going forward. How an instructor’s adaptability plays out in the face of new demands lies in the complexity of the courses they teach. Course complexity refers to both the extent of the array of teaching practices/strategies used in a course and the challenge to implement those practices/strategies. The purpose of this paper is to begin to examine what information is embedded in syllabi that may be used to quantify complexity via a Course Complexity Typology. This work is a case study of a single instructor-course pairing and their course syllabi from multiple semesters.
Teaching advanced quantitative techniques through a competitive project
Authors: Domenech Léga Bruno , García Villoria Alberto , Maquirriain Antoñanzas Javier , Pastor Moreno Rafael
Published: April 2023

Heuristics, metaheuristics and matheuristics are quantitative techniques that can be used to solve complex combinatorial optimisation problems for many engineering applications (industry, logistics, supply chain, scheduling, services, etc.). The course Quantitative Methods of Industrial Process Management II from the Master's Degree in Industrial Engineering of the Technical University of Catalonia addresses such topic. The course is organised into 3 session typologies: (1) master classes, where lecturers provide students the theoretical concepts; (2) practical classes, where students solve small-size problems based on real cases; and (3) competitive project, which is the core of the evaluation. On this regard, a real-based combinatorial optimisation problem is provided and, in 3-member groups, students have to develop an ad hoc (meta/math/hiper)heuristic, based on the theory concepts, and code it with standard language (Python, Java, C++, etc.). For the evaluation, each group solves 10 exam-instances of the problem. The qualification is based on the result achieved by each group for each instance in comparison with a minimum quality threshold, defined by the lecturers, and the results of the other groups. In this manner, students learn very complex concepts in a friendly but competitive environment, which invites them to work hard on the application of theory concepts into a problem close to those they will find in their professional career. Students' assessments show an increase in their performance and interest regarding the course.
The increasing necessity of skills diversity in team teaching
Authors: Craig Tracy , Redeker Stach
Published: April 2023

The advantages of including technological tools, for example dynamic graphing software, into the teaching and learning of technical subjects have long been recognised. Using such tools effectively in the classroom is at least partially constrained by the teacher’s knowledge and skills. Any teaching team benefits from skills diversity and always has, however, in recent years the skills needed for effective use of the tools available are becoming more numerous and more varied. Using a range of tools for assessment, rather than for in-class teaching and learning, demands an extra burden of care. Using an example from our own recent experience we illustrate the need for skills diversity in teams teaching and raise questions related to traditional assessment in mathematics.
Developing engaging engineering education resources based on students learning and educators’ teaching styles
Authors: Chakrabarti Soma , Fredriksson Claes
Published: April 2023

The learning styles of engineering students have evolved over the years with the advent of technology-enhanced education. Educators have also changed their teaching styles to incorporate student-centric pedagogy and educational technology. While the COVID-19 pandemic proliferated online teaching worldwide, often forcing educators to conceptualize and convert face-to-face teaching materials to online learning modules, Ansys academic endeavours have also pivoted to support educators and digital learning. This paper highlights the Ansys Education Resources, aimed at helping undergraduate materials and simulation-based design educators teach and inspire students. These are also perfect for students and self-learners who are looking to complement classroom content. Moreover, these help professors in assigning supplemental homework or capstone projects. The resources, of which 80% are openly accessed, are categorized as lectures, case studies, micro-projects, exercises, etc., and make the educators’ job easier in inspiring and engaging the students’ digital learning process throughout the undergraduate curricula. Solutions to exercises and projects are restricted to educators with current Granta EduPack product licenses. In developing these resources, the content developers consider different teaching and learning styles with special emphasis on project-based learning and incorporating questions that inspire students to consider societal impact and ethical choices. Some resources are purposely prepared for discussions and debates.
The UPV Design Factory. What is it good for?
Authors: Collado López M. Francisca , Villalonga Grañana Inmaculada , Giménez Carbó Esther , Gómez Martín M. Esther
Published: April 2023

Universities have the challenge and responsibility to society to train good professionals. Moreover, they must adapt to current demands. They must do so not only by improving the contents of the different degree programs but also by incorporating new programs and activities that help students develop soft skills, teamwork, connections between the university and real life, making them the best professionals and excellent citizens. To this end, in 2014, the UPV launched a program called Design Factory to channel and frame initiatives carried out by students to develop their prototypes and participate in student competitions. The program facilitates the creation of interdisciplinary learning communities in which students are committed to their goals, their teams, and the university. The program's spirit is to encourage learning in an eminently practical way. Students have to lead the projects, attract and select candidates, manage a budget, carry out their activities and try to achieve their goals, which involves many soft skills. For the program's operation, the university provides a team including management, technical and administrative staff, facilities, and economic endowment to the teams to carry out their activities. Funds are distributed in terms of the quality proposal, impact on the university, and results from the previous edition. More than 2,000 students participate in more than 60 engaged teams whose coordinators show high satisfaction with their roles in the current academic year.
It's your day! Take action and click on the video zone: understanding, imagining, doing and reviewing
Authors: Carmona Mejías Ángeles , Claverol Aguas Mercè , Encinas Bachiller Andrés Marcos , Jiménez Jiménez María José , Martin Llopis Álvar , Mas Blesa Albert , Mitjana Riera Margarida , Ruiz Ordóñez Magda
Published: April 2023

This paper summarizes the results obtained in a project conceived to improve remote and face-to-face teaching of Calculus in the fields of industrial and biomedical engineering. The project consists of developing teaching videos that treat key topics of Calculus subject through some engineering problems at a first level university course. We focus on achieving the goal of learning by setting it in the approach and solution of a subject, making it more experiential. This type of practice should be the central focus of activities inside and outside the classroom. In this way we will be able to consolidate the students' mathematical skills, but at the same time acquire other skills that will be vital for their professional and personal development. The evaluation process must be formative, as the assessment should provide teacher-student feedback in order to adjust teaching or learning based on the information received. We propose two main types of activities: Production of audiovisual material for the improvement of teaching and completion of Wiris questionnaires for self-assessment. The didactic video is very useful in class and has a motivating intention because rather than transmitting exhaustive and systematized information on the subject, it aims to open questions, raise problems, arise the interest of students, disturb and generate a participatory dynamic. With the elaboration of these videos, we promote that students be able to understand through specific problems and with the help of graphic material, a specific problem and then move on to the abstraction of more general situations.