bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations: the overlooked factor promoting SW Iberian Forest development across the LGM and the last deglaciation?
Authors: Gomes Sandra Domingues , Fletcher William , Stone Abi , Rodrigues Teresa , Rebotim Andreia , Oliveira Dulce , Sánchez Goñi Maria F. , Abrantes Fatima , Naughton Filipa
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Across the last deglaciation, the global atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (pCO2) increased from ~180 to ~280 ppm. However, the impact of pCO2 changes on vegetation across the last deglaciation remains poorly understood. Under full glacial low pCO2, plants experienced constraints on photosynthesis. Therefore, a significant reduction in pCO2 limitation should have impacted local and regional vegetation dynamics across deglaciation. We hypothesise that deglacial pCO2 rise could have (1) led to a gradual reduction of the physiological constraint promoting forest response when moisture availability was sufficient, despite low temperatures; and (2) amplified the response of forest development to warmer and wetter conditions. The high-resolution analysis of terrestrial (pollen, C29:C31 organic biomarker) and marine (alkenone-derived Sea Surface Temperature, C37: 4%, and long-chain n-alkanes ratios) indicators, using a direct land-sea direct comparison, in the Iberian margin site Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) U1385 ("Shackleton site") throughout the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and last deglaciation allowed us to track and compare the changes with shifts in global pCO2. The LGM is characterised by a grassland-heathland mosaic type ecosystem, triggered by cool and moderately humid conditions but low pCO2 levels may have exacerbated physiological drought and suppressed forest development. During Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1)the coldest and most arid conditions combined with sustained low pCO2 values precluded forest development and resulted in the dominance of Mediterranean steppe or semi-desert vegetation. The Bølling-Allerød (BA) is characterised by a temperature optimum (warmest SSTs and forest development) and variable moisture condition, while increasing pCO2 which contributed to the highest levels of forest development. Within the BA, significant SW Iberian forest development occurred at ~15 cal kyr B.P. associated with an increase in pCO2 above 225 ppm. During the Younger Dryas (YD), cool temperatures combined with sufficient moisture availability allowed the maintenance of a grassland-forest mosaic, the increasing values of pCO2 in this period should have offset the low temperature as well as the moisture levels and allow the forest to persist. The overlooked role of pCO2 could explain an intriguing feature observed in Site U1385 and other Iberian margin records, namely the near absence of forest during the LGM and HS1 but relatively high forest cover during the YD. Our study aims to shed light on the influence of climatic factors (temperature and moisture availability) together with pCO2 as thresholds on forest response to deglacial climate changes across the Iberian Peninsula.
Proceedings of the 2024 IAOM Convention
Authors:   International Association of Orofacial Myology
Published: November 2024

The International Association of Orofacial Myology (IAOM) held its 2024 Convention in Raleigh, North Carolina, from September 27-29. The Proceedings of the Convention contain abstracts and summaries of each presentation.
Working Together to Implement Gender-Responsive Policing: Gender Advisory Work in Timor-Leste
Authors: Howes Loene M , Preston Suzanne
Published: November 2024

For sustainable development to occur in post-conflict contexts, security concerns need to be addressed. Gender-responsive policing aims to provide policing for all community members. The Timor-Leste Police Development Program (TLPDP) is a bilateral partnership between Timor-Leste and Australia, supporting the Polícia Nacional de Timor-Leste (PNTL) to develop capacity in areas of identified need. This includes reducing sexual and gender-based violence. Delivered by the Australian Federal Police, the program is informed by a gender strategy that reflects international agreements on gender, security, and human rights. This article draws on program design, evaluations, reports, and experience, to explore how strategic objectives on gender have been translated into practical initiatives of the TLPDP. Initiatives include a gender audit of the PNTL, a scoping review of the vulnerable persons units, specialist training courses, and community awareness campaigns. The article highlights the role of strategic alignment, partnership, and collaboration within and beyond policing to amplify efforts.
The Development of Interactive Multimedia using Adobe Animate to Increase Student’s Learning Interest in Electrolyte and Non-Electrolyte Solution Material
Authors: Munawwaroh Putri , Dewi Fatria , Afrida Afrida
Published: November 2024

Education is a process of developing a person's strengths and abilities, in a conscious and planned way to create a learning process and atmosphere that allows students to actively develop their potential. Education provides everyone with the knowledge, abilities, and values they need to face difficulties and challenges in life. In the modern technological era, education and technology are two elements that are increasingly integrated and have an extraordinary impact on human life. The purpose of this study is to find out how effective the use of interactive multimedia using Adobe Animate is to increase students' interest in learning electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution materials. The method used in this study is Literature Review to compare data from several journals relevant to the research topic. This research relies on literacy data search websites, such as Jurnal Sinta, Google Scholar, and Mendeley. The results of the study show that using interactive multimedia using Adobe Animate as a fun learning medium can increase students' interest in learning.
The Effect of Students’ Metacognitive Awareness and Reading Comprehension in Narrative Text of Second-Grade Students
Authors: Sianturi Febiyola Sianturi Wina , Sinaga Nenni Triana , Sidabutar Usman
Published: November 2024

This research aims to determine students’ metacognitive and reading comprehension in narrative text. This study investigates whether metacognitive awareness affects students' reading comprehension of narrative text at SMA N 3 Binjai. This research applied a quantitative approach, the population was the second-grade students at SMA N 3 Binjai in the 2024 academic year, and the sample was XI MIA 1 and XI MIA 2. The first sample involves 34 students for the experimental group (XI MIA 1) and the second sample involves 36 students for the control group (XI MIA 2). The instruments for collecting data were tests and questionnaires. There were pre-tests and post-tests for collecting data and the researcher gave pre-tests and post-tests to both classes. Based on the data, it was found that the result of the t-test (t-calculated) was higher than the t-table value at a significance level of p = 0,05 (2,1 > 1,995). Therefore, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected. This indicates that metacognitive awareness was significantly influence the reading comprehension achievement of second-grade students at SMA N 3 Binjai.
Analysis of the Use of Differentiated Instruction Learning Strategies in Answering Diverse Learning Needs in the Classroom of MAS Darul Hadist Hutabaringin Kec. Siabu Kab. Mandailing Natal
Authors: Aisah Aisah
Published: November 2024

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the use of Differentiated Instruction (DI) strategies in responding to diverse learning needs in the classroom of students at MAS Darul Hadist Hutabaringin Kec. Siabu Kab. Mandailing Natal. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of DI can increase students' motivation, involvement, and understanding of the subject matter. Teachers apply grouping based on interests and abilities and vary learning methods to adjust to student characteristics, which contribute positively to their learning outcomes. The implementation of DI faces challenges in the form of limited time, resources, and learning facilities. Teachers need additional preparation to adapt materials and methods, and institutional support is needed so that the implementation of DI runs optimally. This study concludes that DI is an effective learning strategy in improving the quality of education in school environments with diverse learning needs, and recommends that schools support the implementation of DI through ongoing training and improving learning facilities.
Navigating Mental Health Challenges in Conflict Zones: A Mixed Method Literature Review
Authors: Nisa Zia-un , Talat Afsheen , Ellahi Khan Shaheer , Elahi Aqsa , Ghazanfar Iqra
Published: November 2024

According to the World Mental Health Report (2022), 22% of the population living in conflict-afflicted areas have mental health disorders, including anxiety, depression, and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Mental health disorders are one of the most serious and underrepresented effects of surviving in conflict-afflicted areas. To investigate the prevalence of mental health disorders and potential risk factors that impact individuals residing in conflict regions and explore their lived experiences. A mixed-method literature review of the studies was conducted between January 2015 to August 2024. It combined substantial evidence from 15 quantitative (n=8) and qualitative (n=6) studies that were exposed to large-scale conflicts in the past ten years. The data was gathered through a range of databases (Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO. Initially, 187 studies were identified, and 51 remained after screening. In total, 15 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results suggested that individuals in conflicted areas have a high prevalence of severe mental health disorders like PTSD, anxiety, and depression. Moreover, some risk factors that contributed were persistent exposure to violence, loss of livelihood, and displacement. Consequently, religious and psychosocial coping mechanisms did provide some relief. However, these mechanisms dominated the treatment-seeking decisions and prevented individuals from opting for biomedical healthcare practices. Conclusion: This review highlighted the need for a multidisciplinary approach to curb these areas' growing mental health imbalance. In addition to being a humanitarian right and necessity, providing adequate mental health facilities is a vital component of rebuilding and recovering the affected communities.
Judicial Inefficacies and Legal Inconsistencies in Addressing Honour Killings: A Human Rights Analysis of Pakistan's Legal Framework
Authors: Talha Ahmad , Noor Sehla , Mingfei MA , Sardar Tayyaba
Published: November 2024

In Pakistan, honor killings are tied to consequences, such as property disputes and other difficulties that occur after the death of the victim, as well as to shame and cultural practices. The annual growth in the honour killing justification can be traced to the faulty operation of the state's organs. The media manages to report on the crimes despite the fact that tribal councils are frequently more powerful than courts in Pakistan, where the number of recorded cases is exceptionally low because they typically involve the victim's own family. We undertook the research study to enhance awareness of honour crimes and educate the public, as well as to examine the causes of judicial injustice, the corrupt role of law enforcement, and defective legislation. We have also established that Islam condemns honour killing. Data was acquired with a supplementary technique. The issue arose about the judicial interpretation of a contentious plea, flawed legislation, human rights violations, and obligations, both national and international, notwithstanding notable amendments to criminal law post-2004. Tribal councils currently possess the authority to conduct business autonomously, owing to the comprehensive resolution of legislation, judicial interpretation, and police corruption that contributed to these issues. The flawed legislation highlighted the judges' empathy, as demonstrated by established precedents in their interpretation of provocation grounds that offenders exploit to obtain reduced sentences for egregious offences.
Exploring the Dynamics Between Leverage and Systematic Risk of Equity Stocks: The Mediating Influence of Profitability and the Moderating Impact of Firm Size
Authors: Siriwardena Wadumesthrige Don Lalith , Weerakoon Yatiwelle Koralalage , Anuradha Pullkkutti Arachchilage Niluka Surangi
Published: November 2024

This inquiry embarks on a rigorous examination of the existing scholarly works to unravel the complex interplay between leverage and the inherent systematic risk on equity stocks, shedding light on how profitability mediates this relationship and how firm size further influences these dynamics in an organizational scale throughout many decades spanning 1979 to 2024. The study has three key objectives. 1). To aggressively examine and critically analyze prior studies that have explored the relationship between leverage and the systematic risk of equity stocks. 2). To meticulously scrutinize and evaluate studies exploring the intermediary impact of profitability on the correlation between leverage and the systematic risk of equity stocks. 3). To uncover previous studies that have examined the credible moderating effect of company size on the relationship between leverage and systematic risk of equity stock. Inquiry adopted the PRISMA 2020 benchmark in systematic review of the meticulous dissection of numerous prior studies and adoption ensured a structured and advanced academic approach in examining and synthesizing the extant body of literature. The findings starkly reveal a critical void in scholarly literature regarding exhaustive examinations of the intricate interplay between leverage and systematic risk in equity stocks. This void is glaringly evident due to the absence of a consolidated and robust framework that accommodates the diverse array of this study context. The mediating role of profitability in this relationship is largely unexplored across multiple contexts. Additionally, the moderating role of company size in the relationship between leverage and systematic risk has not been widely studied within a unified model.
Moderating Effect of Project Environment on Financial and Contract Management Practices and Construction Cost Overruns in Real Estate Project
Authors: Kepher Joanne Akinyi , Rambo Charles Mallans , Nyonje Raphael Ondeko
Published: November 2024

Understanding the complex relationship between a project's environment, financial governance, and community involvement is crucial for managing construction costs in real estate. This research work, therefore, seeks to identify the extent of moderation of project environment on the association of the financial and contract management practices with cost overrun in real estate construction projects. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis as well as the Pearson correlation coefficient were significant; this indicates that the project environment had a moderating effect on the relationship between financial and contract management practices and the occurrence of cost overruns in real estate projects. Future research should explore additional variables to gain a more comprehensive view of construction cost overruns.
Анализ трансграничных ареалов этнических групп Южного Дагестана и Губа-Хачмазского района Азербайджана
Authors: Гусейнов Гусейн Октаевич
Published: November 2024

Исследование анализирует трансграничные ареалы этнических групп в Южном Дагестане и Губа-Хачмазском экономическом районе Азербайджана, акцентируя внимание на социальные, экономические и политические процессы. В работе используется методология компаративного анализа для изучения демографических изменений и их влияния на этническое разнообразие. Особое внимание уделяется этнической идентичности лезгин, чьё присутствие в трансграничных регионах играет ключевую роль в формировании социально-политической атмосферы. Исследование выявляет вызовы и возможности для развития этих регионов, подчеркивая важность мультикультурной политики в обеспечении стабильности и интеграции в условиях глобализации.
Impacting Arable Farmers’ Perception of Processed Organic Fertilizer Use through Farm Demonstration: Evidence from Maize Farmers in Ogun State, Nigeria
Authors: D. A. Babalola, , O. O. Oyekale, , S. Fapohunda,
Published: November 2024

Fertilizer use supports productivity in arable farming. However, improper use of inorganic fertilizers can harm the environment, accelerate climate change and slow down the achievement of the 13th SDG. This study examined the use of farm demonstration in improving maize farmers’ perception of organic fertilizer use in the five major towns in Ikenne LGA of Ogun state. Sixty-five maize farmers were selected for the study using multistage sampling technique. Demonstration plots were established near the farmers to observe the agronomic impact of organic fertilizer use. Results showed that respondents’ average farm size was less than 1 hectare, 58% had undulating or sloppy lands which are vulnerable to degradation. Only 22% of the farmers mostly use organic fertilizers which they source from unprocessed animal waste. Only 32% of the farmers are aware of commercially processed organic fertilizers. Using the pair-sample t-test, the perception level of the farmers at the end of the demonstration was significantly higher than before the demonstration (t = 14.87, p <0.05). The study recommended that perception enhancing intervention be introduced to farmers in order to increase the use of clean and safe commercially available fertilizers.
Extending a Level Three Order Polynomial Probability Model
Authors: O. B. Amolo, , E. K. Guobadia, , J. K. Iwuchukwu,
Published: November 2024

Inverse and power extensions were derived for a three order polynomial probability distribution and studied in this paper as post-development. The two extensions serve to make up for the limitations of their baseline model. Some relevant properties—shape of the PDF, moments, survival function, hazard function, quantile function, stress-strength reliability, order statistics and parameter estimations—were studied. The hazard shapes of the distributions were found to be inverted bathtub for the former and three different shapes namely: increasing function, decreasing function and bathtub, for the latter. This implies that the distributions can altogether model many varieties of datasets emanating from different life phenomena. This statement “if S(∞)=0, then H(∞)=∞” was examined and was discovered to apply for exponential distribution but not any of the extended distributions, and the baseline distribution too. Finally, the extensions showed to be competent over both the baseline distribution and their respective counterpart distributions, with respect to the datasets used. For the latter, the superiority was accountably hinged on the extra parameters, since the dataset has an outlier.
On the Distribution of the Mixed-Lognormal-Weibull Option Pricing Model
Authors: C. A. Ugomma,
Published: November 2024

This paper intends to test whether the Mixed-Lognormal-Weibull Distribution (MLWD) option pricing model comes from the same distribution and whether the model is a good fit in Black-Scholes option pricing model. The data for this study were obtained from Australian Clearing House of Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) which consist of 50 enlisted stock as products of monthly market summary for long term options collected from January, 3rd 2017 to December, 31st 2017, comprising 720 trading days arranged in accordance to 25, 27, 28, 29 and 30 maturity days. Maximum Likelihood Estimate was used to obtain the parameters of both the lognormal and Weibull distributions which were applied in Black-Scholes model. The data were test Wilcoxon Rank Sum test since the mixture model became distribution and Chi-square goodness-of-fit test for the model fit, and the result shows that the mixture model does not follow any of the lognormal or Weibull distributions. The result also shows that the mixture model is a good fit in Black-Scholes option pricing model with the P-value>0.05 when they are shorter maturity days with small sample sizes than longer maturity days with larger sample sizes. Hence, the model is recommended to be used for financial practitioners who are interested in modeling option pricing.
A Proactive Approach to Fault Tolerance Using Predictive Machine Learning Models in Distributed Systems
Authors: Haroon Mohd , Siddiqui Zeeshan Ali , Husain Mohammad , Ali Arshad , Ahmad Tameem
Published: November 2024

In the era of cloud computing and large-scale distributed systems, ensuring uninterrupted service and operational reliability is crucial. Conventional fault tolerance techniques usually take a reactive approach, addressing problems only after they arise. This can result in performance deterioration and downtime. With predictive machine learning models, this research offers a proactive approach to fault tolerance for distributed systems, preventing significant failures before they arise. Our research focuses on combining cutting-edge machine learning algorithms with real-time analysis of massive streams of operational data to predict abnormalities in the system and possible breakdowns. We employ supervised learning algorithms such as Random Forests and Gradient Boosting to predict faults with high accuracy. The predictive models are trained on historical data, capturing intricate patterns and correlations that precede system faults. Early defect detection made possible by this proactive approach enables preventative remedial measures to be taken, reducing downtime and preserving system integrity. To validate our approach, we designed and implemented a fault prediction framework within a simulated distributed system environment that mirrors contemporary cloud architectures. Our experiments demonstrate that the predictive models can successfully forecast a wide range of faults, from hardware failures to network disruptions, with significant lead time, providing a critical window for implementing preventive measures. Additionally, we assessed the impact of these pre-emptive actions on overall system performance, highlighting improved reliability and a reduction in mean time to recovery (MTTR). We also analyse the scalability and adaptability of our proposed solution within diverse and dynamic distributed environments. Through seamless integration with existing monitoring and management tools, our framework significantly enhances fault tolerance capabilities without requiring extensive restructuring of current systems. This work introduces a proactive approach to fault tolerance in distributed systems using predictive machine learning models. Unlike traditional reactive methods that respond to failures after they occur, this work focuses on anticipating faults before they happen.
Energetics and Economics of Rabi Maize as Influenced by Smart Nutrient Management Under South Odisha Conditions
Authors: Sairam Masina , Ray Sumit , Shankar Tanmoy , Pal Arunabha , Priya Karthika Vishnu , Maitra Sagar
Published: November 2024

Cereal crop cultivation is one of the essential agricultural practices adopted worldwide to feed human beings, providing dietary energy and food security. Maize is important in different cereal crops' areas, production, and productivity. In high-input-demanding crops like maize, it is mandatory to evaluate the energy input and output along with the economics of the study for better optimization of resources and efficient management of inputs in maize cultivation. The present study was conducted at the Postgraduate Research Farm of Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India, for two consecutive years during the Rabi season (November-March) of 2021-22 and 2022-23. The experiment was carried out in brown forest soil, sandy loam in texture and a Randomized Complete Block Design with 13 treatments, and each treatment was replicated thrice. The treatments comprise various graded fertilizer levels, precision nitrogen management treatments, decision support systems-based nutrient management and nano nitrogen treatment. The results revealed that among the nutrient management treatments, the highest input energy (21546.8 MJ ha-1) was recorded in the treatment T4: 150% RDF. In terms of output energy and net energy, the highest values were recorded in the treatments T10: CCM-based sufficiency index at 90%-95% and T4: 150% RDF. The energy use efficiency and energy productivity were recorded as the highest values in the treatments T9: CCM-based sufficiency index at 85%-90%. Further, among the nutrient management treatments, the maximum cost of cultivation was incurred in the treatment T4: 150% RDF and it was closely followed by T9: CCM-based sufficiency index at 85%-90% and T10: CCM-based sufficiency index at 90%-95%. The highest gross and net returns were recorded in the treatment T10: CCM-based SI at 90%-95%. In the case of the benefit-cost ratio, the highest value (1.29 and 1.24 for two consecutive years of the study, respectively) was recorded in the treatment T10: CCM-based sufficiency index at 90%-95%. The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of precision nutrient management through the CCM Sufficiency index in Rabi maize cultivation under South Odisha for more sustainability and productivity with the highest profitability.
Evaluating Mobile Wallet Adoption Barriers Using Fuzzy Mathematical Model
Authors: Kumari Archana , Kumari Deepa , Agarwal Reema
Published: November 2024

A tremendous amount of research has been done on the factors influencing mobile wallet adoption as mobile wallet technology has seen rapid growth. Using expert opinion and Fuzzy PROMETHEE approach, this study investigates the key barriers to mobile wallet adoption. Mobile wallet adoption is constrained by Technological, security and infrastructural barriers, making adoption more challenging when user acceptance is skewed in emerging markets. In this study, we use the F-PROMETHEE to rank these barriers based on expert opinions. A panel of fintech and digital payments experts assessed the key adoption obstacles. Included in the PROMETHEE method were methods for handling variability or uncertainty through fuzzy logic and through subjective expert judgments. The results suggest that the major barriers to the adoption of mobile wallets were identified as risk and usage constraints. Moreover, value barriers are a leading factor. This study found that the risk and value barriers are the two principal risks that must be overcome to raise the client accepted rate of m-wallet services. A step forward in the assessment of such obstacles is the innovative use of a fuzzy mathematical model, which provides a more complex and adaptable approach than traditional methods. This study has learnt a few lessons that can help policy makers and industry players understand how to overcome the main barriers to mobile wallet adoption.
Epiploic Appendigitis – Presenting as Acute Abdomen: Diagnostic Pitfalls and Clinical Insights
Authors: Hafeez Hooria , Aslam Huma , Kumar Aneel , Qureshi Imran , Albusaidi Hamed Sultan , Nathani Parmanand , Al Sadairi Fatema Mohammed Khamis , Bughio Sanobar , Al Hatmi Omar Rashid , Naqi Jaweria
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Epiploic appendigitis is a rare, benign, self-limiting inflammatory process of the epiploic appendices. The epiploic appendices are small pouches of the peritoneum filled with fat and situated along the colon, mainly the transverse and sigmoid parts, but are absent in the rectum and have an unknown function. These appendages can become acutely inflamed as a result of torsion or venous thrombosis.
Case Report: A young patient came to emergency department of our hospital with complain of pain in abdomen at left lumber region since five days. On Physical examination revealed lump at left lumber region at the site of pain. Further investigated by radiological.
Discussion: Epiploic appendigitis is an uncommon condition first described by Lynn et al in 1956 and is one of the rare causes of acute abdomen secondary to the inflammation and necrosis of small finger like projections along the colon. These appendages refer to adipose structures that rise in the surface of the colon and project into the abdominal cavity.
Conclusion: Given the rarity of this condition, its elusive nature and tendency to mimic acute appendicitis, diverticulitis or cholecystitis, which all may require surgical intervention, it is increasingly apparent that we should educate medical professionals on this important differential diagnosis, as early and accurate diagnosis can prevent unnecessary invasive treatments and misdiagnosis.
Biological activities of quercetin and other flavonols: A mini-review
Authors: SILVA Edson Pablo , HERMINO Vanessa Leal de Queiroz , RODRIGUES Leticia , BARBOSA Josiane , FREITAS Flávio Augusto de , SOUZA Cesar , CARVALHO Rosany Piccolotto , MADURO Isolda Prado de Negreiros Nogueira , MACAMBIRA Simone Garcia , SOARES Milena
Published: November 2024

There are countless benefits arising from the consumption of vegetables, which can present significant levels of compounds with bioactive properties, effectively acting in the promotion of human health. Bioactive compounds that play an antioxidant role have been widely studied since most of the diseases that affect humans can be derived from the presence of free radicals in the body, leading to a series of metabolic disorders. Quercetin has several pharmacological activities and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, vasodilator, and anticancer effects. Despite the efficacy and safety of its consumption, the limited bioavailability of this phenol continues to be highlighted as a main concern, where factors such as solubility, absorption, and metabolism have a direct influence on this process and its beneficial effects. Among the compounds with antioxidant activity are flavonoids, such as quercetin, which have shown great effectiveness and are even associated with very positive responses against some types of tumor cells. Quercetin is shown to be a powerful ally in promoting health and a better quality of life. However, further studies are needed to be able to accurately state the benefits resulting from the consumption of this compound.
Effects of photooxidation exposure time on the modification of cassava starch: a comprehensive study on chemical, functional, structural, and morphological properties
Authors: EKAFITRI Riyanti , PALUPI Niken Widya , WIJAYA Muhammad Eka , SARIFUDIN Achmat , RATNAWATI Lia , INDRIANTI Novita , KUMALASARI Rima , FURQON Maulana , PUTRI Siti Khudaifanny Dasa Febrianti Asna , SETIABOMA Woro
Published: November 2024

Photooxidation is one of the green technologies that can be used to modify starch. This process produces oxidized starch which induces alterations in the starch structure and functional properties. Photooxidation of starch can be influenced by hydrogen peroxide concentration, exposure time, slurry concentration, ultraviolet (UV) intensity, addition of lactic acid, and temperature. This study aims to evaluate the effect of photooxidation exposure time on the chemical, functional, structural, and morphological properties of cassava starch. Cassava starch was modified using a UV catalysator reactor and treated with photooxidation using a combination of hydrogen peroxide and UV irradiation for 15, 30, and 45 min. The result showed that the longer exposure time produced starch with higher amylose, carboxyl contents, solubility, water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, and color L*. Moreover, the longer time of the photooxidation process caused a decrease in the pH value, swelling power, and pasting properties. Photooxidation decreased the relative crystallinity values and damaged the granule morphology of the modified cassava starch. These results showed that photooxidation successfully modified cassava starch.
Evaluation of clarification process of Indonesia’s sweet sorghum juice by ultrafiltration membrane and the physicochemical and sensorial properties of the sugar product
Authors: CAHYADI Wisnu , GHAFFAR Rizal Maulana , DARNIADI Sandi , SARIFUDIN Achmat , SAGITA Diang , BUDIHARTI Uning , Hari Hariadi  , NURHASANAH Ana , WIDODO Puji , HARIADI Hari , HARYANTO Aidil , ANDRIANTO Moeso , NURHADI Bambang
Published: November 2024

The juice derived from Sorghum bicolor L. exhibits a notable sugar content, rendering it a promising candidate for use as a sweetening agent. The presence of impurities in sorghum juice encompasses several substances such as non-sugar molecules, non-fermentable reducing agents, starch, and minerals like salt, magnesium, and calcium. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes on the physicochemical properties of sorghum juice and sugar granules, as well as to identify customer preferences for these products. The study consisted of three primary phases. The first phase involved investigating the impact of 0–3 cycles of UF treatment on the physicochemical properties of the sorghum juice. The second stage involved comparing the characteristics of sugar granules obtained through UF and non-ultrafiltration (non-UF) methods. The third one focused on examining the preference of sorghum sugar granules in their natural state and as a sweetener for steeped black tea. A 5% significance level was employed in this work to conduct multivariate methodology of variance and the Friedman nonparametric test. The findings of the study indicate that the use of UF treatment has a simultaneous impact on the turbidity and color of sorghum juice. Non-UF sorghum sugar granules exhibit a superior aroma in comparison to UF granules while maintaining identical color, taste, and texture. Consumers exhibited a preference for steeped black tea sweetened with palm sugar, followed by rock sugar, granulated sugar, UF sorghum sugar granules, and non-UF.
Understanding lipid oxidation in dried meat and cured dried meat: Insights from peroxide index analysis
Authors: SAMPAIO Aryele Nunes da Cruz Encide , CARON Evelyn Fernanda Flores , CÉZAR Camila Koutsodontis Cerqueira , RAGHIANTE Fernanda , POSSEBON Fabio Sossai , PEREIRA Juliano Gonçalves , MARTINS Otávio Augusto
Published: November 2024

The lipid oxidation process is one of the main food spoilage reactions, resulting in the appearance of unpleasant flavors and odors, known as rancidity. This study aimed to evaluate the lipid oxidation activity through the peroxide index, together with some chemical and biochemical constituents, of meat products with a high sodium content that underwent salting process and were sold to consumers. Samples of dried meat/charqui (CA: n = 22 and CB: n = 22) and jerked beef (JBA: n = 27 and JBB: n = 27) were analyzed. The peroxide index, rancidity test, formaldehyde test, sodium chloride, sodium, nitrite, proximate composition, and calories were analyzed. The main results demonstrated a high peroxide index and nitrite concentrations in jerked beef samples (JBA and JBB). The high concentrations of moisture and nitrite probably increased lipid oxidation in jerked beef samples, and lipid oxidation activity was inhibited by high concentrations of sodium chloride in dried meat samples.
Finding wholegrain pasta quality: what are the challenges and opportunities?
Authors: SCARTON Michele , FERREIRA Amanda Rios , TAGLIAPIETRA Bruna Lago , BEHRENS Jorge Herman , CLERICI Maria Teresa Pedrosa Silva
Published: November 2024

This review approaches the challenges and opportunities regarding wholegrain pasta’s quality. Bibliometric maps were created to help visualize wholegrain pasta studies’ main themes and chronology. Most research findings have focused on digestibility and nutritional enhancement, although concerns such as raw materials and processing conditions require further investigation. The main challenges are regulatory harmonization and developing quality standards to evaluate and produce wholegrain pasta. Thus, further research is necessary to overcome these challenges and improve technological and sensory quality of wholegrain pasta.
Optimalisasi Adopsi Teknologi 4.0 Penggunaan Aplikasi Kasir Pintar Berbasis Android Terhadap Kualitas Laporan Laba Rugi Di UMKM Kepripunyecerite
Authors: Novrina Putri Dwi , Satria Hendy , Meifari Vanisa , Indriaty Novica , Syahputra Daniel Ramando
Published: November 2024

Perekonomian Indonesia mengalami perubahan yang cepat dan fundamental, terutama dalam konteks krisis global saat ini. Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) memegang peranan penting dalam menjaga stabilitas ekonomi, terbukti dengan ketahanannya menghadapi krisis moneter dan pandemi Covid-19. Dengan lebih dari 65 juta unit yang tersebar di berbagai sektor, UMKM diharapkan dapat berkontribusi signifikan pada perekonomian nasional. Penggunaan Aplikasi Kasir adalah salah satu bentuk optimalisasi adaptasi teknologi di era 4.0 yang dapat membantu UMKM dalam menyusun dan menganalisis perubahan bsinsi yang terjadi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan analisis data yang berkaitan dengan hubungan antar variabel yang sedang diinvestigasi. Hasil dari penelitian bahwa UMKM Kepripunyecerite sebelumnya menggunakan metode manual seperti nota penjualan dan pencatatan stok yang tidak rutin, yang terbukti kurang efisien dan rentan terhadap kesalahan pencatatan. Dengan implementasi aplikasi Kasir Pintar, UMKM dapat memantau keuangan dan stok secara real-time, yang menghasilkan laporan keuangan lebih akurat dan komprehensif. Aplikasi ini memungkinkan rekap transaksi, menghubungkan dengan mesin cetak, dan memiliki fitur barcode yang mempermudah proses transaksi.
Comparison of postoperative pain during caesarean section under general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia
Authors: Baraqaan Hani
Published: November 2024

This study presents a number of ideas and comparisons regarding whether there is a difference between the degree of postoperative pain in cesarean sections with epidural anesthesia compared to spinal anesthesia, focusing on comparing intraoperative desflurane in general anesthesia. In the comparison, the primary outcome regarding postoperative pain levels over 24 hours showed that there is no significant difference in postoperative pain between groups. Regarding postoperative secondary outcomes, the recovery time and remifentanil cumulative dose were different intraoperatively between groups. From this study's results, we can conclude that there is no significant difference in postoperative pain during cesarean sections in general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia. The increase in intraoperative opioids and depth of anesthesia in both groups reduces the incidence of VRS 1-24 hour postoperative pain equally. However, a longer time for the first analgesic request was obtained with the caudal technique compared to general anesthesia. These results could discourage the routine use of general anesthesia for analgesic purposes in comparison to other anesthetic approaches in cesarean sections. However, further randomized controlled studies should be conducted across health institutions or populations to confirm and extend these findings.
Performance of bread wheat advanced lines under late sowing and hydric stress during the crop season 2020-2021
Authors: Guillermo Fuentes-Dávila  , María Monserrat Torres-Cruz  , Pedro Félix-Valencia  , Ivón Alejandra Rosas-Jáuregui
Published: November 2024

Thirty four advanced bread wheat lines and cultivar Borlaug 100 were sown on January 15 and 30, 2021, at the Norman E. Borlaug Experimental Station, in the Yaqui Valley, Sonora, México. Plots consisted of 1 bed 2 m long with two rows and 0.80 m apart with two replications, and a seed density of 100 kg ha-1 with two complementary irrigations. Average daily temperature (°C), maximum, minimum, relative humidity, rainfall, heat and cold units were recorded from January 1 to May 15, 2021. The average days for heading of the group was 69 for the first sowing date and 66 for the second one, while days for physiological maturity were 99 and 90, respectively. The average plant height of the group for the first date was 97.5 cm and 94 for the second one; the sister line SOKOLL/5/W15.92/4/PASTOR//HXL7573/2*BAU/3/ WBLL1/6/SOKOLL/3/PASTOR//HXL7573/2*BAU (PTSS12SHB00020T-0TOPB-099Y-099B-25Y-020Y-0B) consistently reached the maximum height with 107.5 and 110 cm in each date, respectively. The average grain yield per plot was 294 g; line BAJ #1*2/4/BETTY/3/CHEN/AE.SQ//2*OPATA showed the highest yield with 345.4 g which was above 4.3 t ha-1, followed by SOKOLL/3/PASTOR//HXL7573/2*BAU/4/ASTREB/5/PIHA//WORRAKATTA/2*PASTOR /3/PRL/2*PASTOR, also above 4.3 t ha-1. The average hourly temperature was 18.4 °C with a maximum of 40.8 °C and a minimum of 3.9 °C, and the number of heat and cold units was 203 and 393, respectively.
The operating principles in an EIA process
Authors: Temitope Samuel Moses  , BUSOLA GLORY AJILORE  , Adijat Adenike Moronkola  , Oluwatobiloba Olusumbo Paul  , Abdulraheem Ahmed
Published: November 2024

The Environmental Impact Assessment, often known as the EIA, is an essential process that is designed to evaluate the potential environmental repercussions of proposed projects before they are put into action. An examination of the key operational principles of the EIA process is presented in this article, with an emphasis placed on the significance of these concepts in promoting sustainable development. Purposiveness, rigor, practicability, cost-effectiveness, and public participation are some of the topics that are discussed. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process ensures that environmental considerations are included into decision-making by adopting these principles, which in turn reduces the risk of adverse consequences on the environment. The purpose of this article is to examine the role that legal and institutional frameworks play in facilitating effective Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) and to assess case studies that highlight how these frameworks are actually put into practice. Throughout the course of the article, topics such as the relevance of Social Impact Assessment, the need of environmental audits, and the development of new technologies in Environmental Impact Assessment are discussed. The purpose of this article is to underline the need of adhering to the fundamental operational principles of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) in order to achieve environmentally responsible and sustainable development. This is accomplished via a comprehensive literature review and analysis.
Metalloproteinase inhibitors in the adhesion process dental
Authors: Henriques Nathália Yvia Assis , Santos Jamily Alves Vieira dos , Gonçalves Rhuan Isllan dos Santos , Silva André Rodrigo Justino da , Freire Waldênia Pereira , Catão Maria Helena Chaves de Vasconcelos , Dantas Darlene Cristina Ramos Eloy
Published: November 2024

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes involved in tooth physiological development, caries processes, and hybrid layer degradation, in addition to being associated with dentin collagen breakdown. The interplay of MMP activity, masticatory forces, and biofilm action may, over time, compromise composite resin restorations. To reduce hybrid layer degradation by endogenous proteases and extend the longevity of resin restorations, MMP inhibitors and collagen cross-linking agents have been extensively studied. This work aims to identify, through a literature review, agents capable of inactivating MMPs at the dentin adhesive interface. This integrative review, based on studies retrieved from PUBMED/MEDLINE, LILACS, BBO, and VHL databases, identified 19 agents able to inhibit MMP activity at the adhesive-dentin interface in studies published between January 2018 and June 2023. It can be concluded that several agents can partially or completely block MMP activity, thereby enhancing restoration longevity. However, further studies are required to facilitate the clinical use of these agents, beyond chlorhexidine, in dental practice, with the application techniques suited to dentists’ daily clinical routines.
Pengembangan Budaya Jemparingan Melalui Pelatihan Pembuatan Video dan Poster di Desa Karangasem, Bulu, Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Muk’adzin Rif’an , Mahdami Muti’ah , Pratiwi Nunik , Ariska Amanda Maya , Komariah Ainur
Published: November 2024

Jemparingan Mataraman atau panahan gaya Mataraman merupakan salah satu seni tradisi yang ada di masyarakat Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Tim PPKO Universitas Veteran Bangun Nusantara tergerak untuk turut melestarikan tradisi ini dengan mengadakan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Dengan maksud untuk lebih mengenalkan tradisi ini kepada masyarakat luas, Tim PPKO melaksanakan pelatihan pembuatan video dan poster pada komunitas Jemparingan Desa Karangasem, Kecamatan Bulu, Kabupaten Sukoharjo Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Kegiatan ini memberikan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan komunitas Jemparingan dalam pembuatan poster dan video promosi. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dilakukan melalui observasi, sosialisasi/ceramah, diskusi, pelatihan, pendampingan, dan evaluasi. Dari hasil kegiatan, diperoleh poster dan video promosi. Poster dipasang di tempat latihan jemparingan, sedangkan video promosi diunggah di akun media sosial komunitas jemparingan. Video promosi yang dibuat berisikan profil dari komunitas dan aktivitas jemparingan. Poster kegiatan berisi identitas komunitas, hadits nabi mengenai aktivitas memanah, sponsor, dan contact person. Melalui kegiatan ini, diharapkan dapat mengenalkan budaya jemparingan kepada masyarakat luas.
Pemanfaatan Media E-Assessment bagi Guru SMP di Kecamatan Sukamakmur, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi , Khaerudin Khaerudin , Ariani Diana , Musqyla Mafie , Syifa Aura Nada
Published: November 2024

Berdasarkan hasil observasi yang dilakukan terhadap guru – guru SMP di Kecamatan Sukamakmur, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat diperoleh data bahwa masih belum diimplementasikannya kurikulum merdeka. Sehingga perlu dilakukannya pengabdian Masyarakat ini dengan upaya pemberdayaan guru dalam pegembangan Media Pembelajaran berbasis E-Assessment dalam rangka Implementasikan[i] Kurikulum Merdeka. Sasaran dari kegiatan pengabdian Masyarakat ini adalah guru SMP di Kecamatan Sukamakmur, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah pendekatan pemberdayaan Masyarakat. Hasil pengabdian ini menunjukan bahwa setelah diberikannya pelatihan dan pendampingan terhadap materi E-Assessment, kemampuan guru dalam pengembangan E-Assessment menggunakan Quizizz termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa guru SMP di Kecamatan Sukamakmur, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat, bisa mengembangkan E-Assessment dengan platform Quizizz dengan menerapkan berbagai macam fitur yag ada.
Pengolahan Burung Puyuh Presto sebagai Alternatif Sumber Gizi Masyarakat Desa Batu Belah Kecamatan Kampar Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau
Authors: Azis Yelmida , Amri Idral , Nurfatihayati Nurfatihayati , Al’farisi Cory Dian , Utama Panca Setia , Irianty Rozanna Sri , Pradana Muhammad Ichwan , Aldori Adam Rafif
Published: November 2024

Daging burung puyuh merupakan sumber protein hewani yang dibutuhkan oleh manusia. Harganya yang relatif murah dapat menjadi alternatif sumber gizi bagi masyarakat. Daging burung puyuh yang tipis dan alot menyebabkan sumber protein ini kurang diminati di masyarakat. Penyuluhan dan pelatihan tentang pengolahan burung puyuh presto bagi msyarakat Desa Batu Belah dilakukan agar masyarakat dapat mengkonsumsi daging puyuh dengan nikmat tanpa rasa alot. Proses pengolahan dilakukan dengan memasak daging burung puyuh yang telah dilengkapi dengan bumbu ungkep dalam panci presto selama 20 menit. Selanjutnya setelah uap panas daging burung puyuh presto tidak ada lagi, daging puyuh digoreng dan dapat dimakan. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini dapat dicapai dengan baik berdasarkan ketertarikan masyarakat terhadap topik pengolahan burung puyuh presto sebesar 92% peserta dan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan 75% peserta yang belum mengetahui.