bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS ON THE PREVALENCE AND SEVERITY OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN YOUNG CHILDREN
Authors:   FSBEI HE "Dagestan State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Makhmudova A.G. , Akhmedova M.G. ,   FSBEI HE "Dagestan State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: February 2025

Respiratory diseases are one of the main reasons for seeking medical help among children. Our study aims to study these diseases in the pediatric emergency department and identify the factors influencing their severity and treatment outcomes. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of data from the medical records of 125 children admitted to the Children's City Clinical Hospital of Makhachkala from January 2022 to December 2023. Data on diagnoses, demographic characteristics, attendance, duration of hospitalization, and treatment outcomes were collected and analyzed. Results. Of the 125 children, 32 (25%) were hospitalized with respiratory diseases. The average age of the patients was 3.2 years. Boys were most often hospitalized (60%). The most common diseases were pneumonia (31.0%), acute bronchial asthma (25.7%) and rhinosinusitis (12.6%). Infectious diseases prevailed in both seasonal periods, but had a different structure depending on the season of the year. Conclusions. The results show the importance of focusing on early childhood in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases. Socio-economic factors must also be taken into account in order to develop more effective public health strategies.
Coaching y Cateterismo Vesical Intermitente. Una herramienta terapéutica enfermera
Authors: Cámara Llorente Natalia
Published: February 2025

El desempeño por parte del paciente de la autocateterización vesical
limpia es esencial para mantener un buen control del vaciado vesical sin
tener los inconvenientes del sondaje permanente. Sin embargo, se observa
que la adherencia a largo plazo es escasa.

Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de una intervención de coaching en
comparación con la metodología habitual, que será brevemente descrita,
utilizada en el adiestramiento del cateterismo vesical intermitente (CVI),
con la finalidad de aumentar la adherencia al tratamiento.

Método: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado (ECA) a simple ciego,
longitudinal, prospectivo con dos grupos: control (adiestramiento de forma
habitual) y de intervención (adiestramiento utilizando herramientas de
coaching). Al año de la finalización de la intervención, se medirá la
variable de resultado adherencia al CVI mediante la Escala ICAS
(Intermittent Catheterization Adherence Scale), una escala validada
específica de adherencia al cateterismo vesical intermitente.

Conclusiones: Pretendo demostrar que la técnica basada en coaching
es efectiva para aumentar la adherencia, por lo que podría incluirse como
una intervención enfermera estandarizada, incorporando así un nuevo
enfoque a la práctica clínica enfermera.
Editorial
Authors: Lorenzo García Carlos
Published: February 2025

De todos es conocido la disconformidad de las distintas
sociedades científicas enfermeras al sistema que tenemos creado en
España en cuanto a las especialidades de enfermería. No solo las
sociedades científicas, también los profesionales sanitarios que ven
como moneda de cambio entre los distintos servicios según las necesidades
del sistema en un momento determinado.
Seguridad a largo plazo del cateterismo intermitente
Authors:   Wellspect Education
Published: February 2025

Hemos recopilado una pequeña muestra de trabajos que nos hablan
de las complicaciones del cateterismo intermitente limpio a largo plazo y
cómo influye el tipo de sonda utilizada.
Resultados tras implantación de la GBP: “apoyo a adultos que esperan o viven con una ostomía”
Authors: Rivera Cabrero Mónica
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: analizar y evaluar los resultados obtenidos tras la
implantación de la GBP en una unidad de hospitalización. Método: estudio
de intervención pre-post tras la implantación de la guía. Resultados: el
marcaje preoperatorio mejora de un 44.44% a un 64.71%. La evaluación
integral preoperatoria sube de 33.33% a 71.43%. La evaluación y la educación
postoperatoria previa al alta, pasan de un 60% a un 80% y de un 70% a un 100%.
La adquisición de destrezas mínimas de automanejo al alta mejoró de un 77.78%
a un 100%. La programación de seguimiento tras el alta pasa de un 30% a un
94.12%, derivando en las mejoras de la evaluación y educación postoperatoria
en los primeros meses tras el alta, donde se partía de un 85.71% y un 42.86%,
alcanzando un 94.12%. La implantación de la guía ha supuesto un gran cambio
en la forma de aplicar los cuidados y un incremento de los indicadores de
salud evaluados.
Desafíos en las terapias domiciliarias en pacientes con cáncer de próstata
Authors: Florido Pérez Isaac
Published: February 2025

NOTA: transcripción de la ponencia (speech) realizada en el
Congreso de la EAU2023 en Milán sobre el papel de la enfermería en el
tratamiento del paciente con terapia de deprivación androgénica.
Consenso de Humanización en Consultas de Enfermería Urológica Funcional
Authors: Lorenzo García Carlos
Published: February 2025

En España, aproximadamente 3.500 personas tienen prescrita una
pauta de Sondaje Vesical Intermitente. A pesar de ello, muchos profesionales
sanitarios, como médicos y enfermeras de Atención Primaria, no conocen bien
esta técnica y, por tanto, ni la fomentan ni la recomiendan. En algunos
casos, incluso, se cambia la pauta del SVI al paciente en Atención Primaria.
Por eso, es necesario transformar esa realidad a través del fomento del SVI.
Proyecto Sí, nace por la iniciativa de un grupo de enfermeras especializadas
en urodinámica con la finalidad de mejorar los tratamientos a personas con
disfunción del vaciado vesical. Se trata de un grupo de enfermeras a nivel
nacional especialistas en continencia que apoyándose en la práctica basada
en la evidencia desarrollan y difunden el cateterismo limpio intermitente
como el gold estándar de los tratamientos en pacientes con disfunciones
de vaciado.
Dolor percibido por el paciente en el tratamiento ambulatorio con toxina botulínica A
Authors: Alcaraz Zomeño Elena
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Identificar los factores implicados en el proceso del dolor percibido por pacientes tratados con Botox® A intradetrusor de forma ambulatoria. Metodología: Diseño, ámbito de estudio y población a estudio: Estudio descriptivo prospectivo de una muestra de pacientes con vejiga hiperactiva ideopática o neurógena, en tratamiento ambulatorio con tratados en el Servicio de Pruebas Especiales de Urología del Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal. Muestra: 123 pacientes que comenzaron el tratamiento con Botox® en 2014, a los que se les recogieron datos del dolor percibido mediante una EVA (hasta julio 2017). Variables de estudio: Se recogerán variables sociodemográficas y clínicas de interés como edad, sexo, puntuación de la EVA y, variables con posible influencia en el dolor durante el procedimiento, tales como el tipo de aguja, número de inyecciones, tipo cistoscopio, premedicación oral y anestesia. Análisis estadístico: Las variables continuas se presentarán en medias y desviación estándar para variables con una distribución simétrica, y mediana y rango intercuartílico para variables asimétricas en su distribución. Las variables categóricas se describirán en frecuencias y porcentajes. Resultados y conclusión: Los resultados pretenden poner de manifiesto los factores implicados en el dolor susceptibles de ser modificados. En una segunda fase, se podrá diseñar un estudio de intervención para establecer una comparación entre puntuaciones de EVA evaluando la eficacia de éstas, garantizando el mayor grado de calidad de vida en esta población, así como nuevas líneas de investigación relevantes para la práctica enfermera en la urología.
Assessing the Impact of Spent Engine Oil Contamination Soil on the Growth of Adansonia digitata Linneous Seedlings Compared to Top Soil
Authors: Adesanmi Seun V. , Salami Dele K. , Ogunbela Ayo A. , Apenah Olamide M. , Ajayi Kehinde O. , Agboola Olatunji J.
Published: February 2025

Some landscapes are known with soil pollutants and it is important to establish indigenous tree species to acclaim this substance. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the comparative effect of top soil and spent engine contaminated soil on the growth pattern of Adansonia digitata seedlings in the nursery which was done in year 2023. Complete Randomized Design was used for the study with two treatments and fifteen replicates. Independent sample T- test and descriptive statistics were used for the analysis. Experiment was conducted for three months while shoot height, stem diameter and number of leaves were measured. Top soil produced better morphological characteristics of the species. Adansonia digitata can grow and survive in both top and contaminated soil but better with top soil. Therefore, this study recommended that Adansonia digtata should be planted in top soil. However, this species performed closely to the top soil. Therefore, further study should be conducted to determine on the ability of the species to absorbed ion and cation for remediation of the pollutants in the savannah landscape.
COMPARISON OF EFFICACY OF DAPAGLIFLOZIN METFORMIN VERSUS SITAGLIPTIN METFORMIN IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE 2 DIABETES
Authors: Khan Humayun Riaz , Sajid Muhammad , Chughtai Tamoor
Published: February 2025

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive β-cell dysfunction, necessitating effective pharmacological interventions to achieve optimal glycemic control. While metformin is the first-line therapy, adjunct agents such as sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are increasingly utilized. Dapagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, has demonstrated glycemic benefits along with weight loss, whereas sitagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, primarily enhances insulin secretion. Limited data exist comparing these two regimens in newly diagnosed T2DM patients, particularly in the Pakistani population.
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of dapagliflozin plus metformin versus sitagliptin plus metformin in newly diagnosed T2DM patients, focusing on glycemic control, weight loss, and adverse effects.
Methods: This randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Endocrinology Department of Nishtar Hospital, Multan, from March 2023 to August 2023. A total of 130 newly diagnosed T2DM patients aged 18–65 years with HbA1c between 7.0–10.0% and BMI 25–40 kg/m² were randomized 1:1 to receive either dapagliflozin (10 mg) plus metformin (500 mg twice daily) or sitagliptin (100 mg) plus metformin (500 mg twice daily) for 12 weeks. Primary outcome was the change in HbA1c, while secondary outcomes included fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial blood glucose (PPG), weight loss, lipid profile, and safety assessments. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26.0, with a p-value <0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results: The dapagliflozin-metformin group demonstrated significantly greater reductions in FBG (128.4 ± 18.5 mg/dL vs. 145.2 ± 21.4 mg/dL, p = 0.001), PPG (179.5 ± 24.7 mg/dL vs. 202.1 ± 26.2 mg/dL, p = 0.004), and HbA1c (7.4 ± 1.0% vs. 8.2 ± 1.2%, p = 0.001) compared to the sitagliptin-metformin group. Weight loss was also significantly greater in the dapagliflozin group (4.2 ± 1.5 kg vs. 1.8 ± 1.2 kg, p < 0.001). The incidence of urinary tract infections was higher in the dapagliflozin group (10.8% vs. 3.1%, p = 0.048), while other adverse effects were comparable between groups.
Conclusion: Dapagliflozin plus metformin was superior to sitagliptin plus metformin in improving glycemic control and promoting weight loss in newly diagnosed T2DM patients. These findings suggest that dapagliflozin may be a more effective early-stage treatment option, particularly for individuals requiring weight management. Further long-term studies are warranted to confirm these benefits and assess their durability over time.
Civilization Borderlands as Spiritual Diversity Specially Protected Areas
Authors: Mikhalev Maxim
Published: February 2025

Borderlands are normally taken into consideration only as entities that
separate and not as objects of inquiry per se. This is the result of the fact
that most of researchers fail to recognize that borders are not just abstract
lines between two plates; they are ‘immaterial bodies’ that develop
according to their own inner logic. Borderland civilization should receive
the special status of Sacred Reserves, that would imply a set of regulations
and policies, both restricting and encouraging, in the same way as it is done
with regards to Nature Reserves.
Compassion in Times of Crisis. The Best Expression of Intercultural Concern. Reflections for Covid Times.
Authors: Menamparampil Thomas
Published: February 2025

In a crisis situation, people try to tap every bit of resource available for
mere survival: economic, psychological, cultural. Even when the first two
run short, the last rushes to help as a last resort: the cultural heritage of
every community. Cultural convictions play a greater role in human
decisions and social processes than individual choices and personal
preferences. Intellectuals with a sense of responsibility do a great service
to humanity when they try to stimulate a community’s cultural sensitivity
and strengthen its cultural convictions with regard to values that
repeatedly stood with humanity in its most challenging times, and which
are urgently needed in these difficult days. One such value is compassion.
La Virgen de Aguas Santas de Villaverde y la ciudad de Sevilla. Análisis de una devoción mariana en la periferia hispalense
Authors: Hernández González Salvador , Rodríguez Becerra Salvador
Published: February 2025

Una de las devociones más antiguas del Reino de Sevilla fue la de la Virgen de Aguas Santas de Villaverde del Río, nacida en la Edad Media e impulsada a lo largo de la Edad Moderna por el convento franciscano de la provincia de los ángeles que se estableció aledaño a la ermita. El origen legendario de esta devoción y de la ermita se vincula al relato prototípico de aparición a un pastor. El poder milagroso de la imagen se manifestó en un territorio o área de gracia en la Vega del Guadalquivir y en la ciudad de Sevilla. Tras la exclaustración se redujo su devoción al ámbito local, aunque con un elaborado programa ritual heredero de la labor pastoral franciscana. Este fenómeno religioso ha dejado una amplia huella escrita que nos permite nuevas aproximaciones que constituyen el objeto de este trabajo.
El marqués de Tous, noble, capitular y mercader sevillano
Authors: Márquez Redondo Ana G.
Published: February 2025

El marqués de Tous es un personaje clave en la Sevilla del siglo XVIII. En torno a su persona se reúnen una serie de circunstancias que justifican sobradamente su importancia para la investigación histórica y para el conocimiento de la ciudad. Este hecho adquiere particular relevancia teniendo en cuenta que Sevilla, al menos en lo que a la centuria dieciochesca se refiere, carece de estudios biográficos que ayuden a conocer y entender la política, la economía y la sociedad de la época. Lope Tous de Monsalve fue un miembro destacado de la nobleza titulada hispalense, caballero de Santiago, Gentilhombre de Cámara de S.M, caballero maestrante, hermano de la Soledad y descendiente del fundador de la Hermandad de la Hiniesta. Pertenece a una ilustre saga capitular, los Tous de Monsalve, fue alguacil mayor y procurador mayor en la Corte, además de protagonista activo para la restitución de las instituciones del comercio con Indias a Sevilla. A la vez, fue un hombre acaudalado por su condición de cosechero, olivarero y cargador en el Consulado. En suma, reúne todas las características del estamento privilegiado de la Sevilla del siglo XVIII.
Antipredator Behavioural Responses of Tadpoles of the Indian Painted Frog Uperodon taprobanicus (Parker, 1934) (Microhylidae) to Kairomones from the Predatory Tadpoles of the Indian Bullfrog Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (Daudin, 1803) (Dicroglossidae)
Authors: Mogali M. Santosh , Shanbhag A. Bhagyashri , Saidapur K. Srinivas
Published: February 2025

In aquatic systems, many prey animals, including anuran tadpoles, predominantly use chemical cues to assess predation threat. In such systems, an array of chemical cues (e.g., kairomones, alarm, dietary) affects the behavioural responses of the prey tadpoles. The study on the behavioural responses of tadpoles belongs to the family Microhylidae to predators are very less hence the outcome of this study will provide a novel information in the field of behavioural ecology of anuran tadpoles with reference to prey-predator interactions. The behavioural responses of tadpoles of Indian painted frog Uperodon taprobanicus (Microhylidae) to its naturally co-existing predatory tadpoles of the Indian bullfrog Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (Dicroglossidae) were studied in the laboratory. The predator’s kairomones (water conditioned by a starved predator) was used to simulate predation threat. The results of the experiment showed that U. taprobanicus tadpoles exhibited strong antipredator behavioural responses, i.e. drastically reduced swimming movements and overall time spent in swimming as well as had a higher burst speed in response to kairomones of predators. Thus, U. taprobanicus tadpoles consider H. tigerinus tadpoles as potential predators. This may be because of long ecological co-existence of U. taprobanicus tadpoles with sympatric carnivorous tadpoles, H. tigerinus may have led to the evolution of antipredator defence strategies in response to kairomones of these predators. In summary, tadpoles of U. taprobanicus perceive predation risk by detecting kairomones emanating from the predator H. tigerinus and showed appropriate antipredator behavioural responses.
Low Probability of Attacks by Hooded Crows Corvus cornix L., 1758 (Passeriformes: Corvidae) during the Nest-attendance Period: A Pilot Study
Authors: Novčić Ivana , Žnidaršič Karan Tamara , Knežević Slobodan , Vukićević Aleksa , Radišić Dimitrije
Published: February 2025

We monitored 15 nests of hooded crows Corvus cornix while simultaneously recording the activity of birds at their nests and the number and activity of people in the vicinity of nests, to examine (1) how often crows attack people during the nest attendance period, (2) whether people and their activity close to crows’ nests increase the probability of attacks and (3) whether people around nests increase the probability of crows’ vocalisation. In total, we conducted 130 hours of observation, during which we recorded the presence and behaviour of nearly 30,000 people close to the crows’ nests. Despite intensive human activities in the vicinity of crows’ nests, we did not record aggression toward humans or pet animals, indicating that attacks are rare before fledglings leave their nests. In addition, vocalisation by crows was affected by the number of conspecifics in the nest vicinity but not by the human presence or activities.
Which Bat Species are Captured by the Long-eared Owl Asio otus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Aves: Strigiformes) in Poland?
Authors: Lesiński Grzegorz , Kowalski Marek , Stolarz Przemysław , Cichocki Jan
Published: February 2025

Twenty-two bat individuals were identified to the species level in published and unpublished data based on diet samples of Asio otus from Poland collected between 1989 and 2022. Of the seven species that made up the owl prey, Myotis nattereri (9 cases) and Plecotus auritus (6 cases) were by far the most numerous. The proportion of bats in the vertebrate prey was very low. In the central and north-eastern parts of the country, it was 0.05% between 1980 and 2002 and 0.04% between 2010 and 2024, although the differences were not statistically significant. The hypothesis that bat species associated with foraging in open areas are more abundant in the diet of this owl species, which hunts mainly in agricultural landscapes, could not be confirmed. The vast majority of prey were species that hunt near trees, in forests or over bodies of water. This indicates that the bats are mostly caught in situations other than typical foraging, e.g. near their roosts or resting places of owls. The fact that typical forest bats (Myotis bechsteinii, Barbastella barbastellus) were found in the winter diet of A. otus suggests that they were caught near underground hibernacula, which may be located in open areas away from forests.
In memoriam Professor Mitko Subchev (1945–2023)
Authors: Toshova B. Teodora
Published: February 2025

In April 2023, Bulgarian science lost an eminent zoologist and leading researcher who played a pivotal role in advancing insect chemical ecology in Bulgaria. Dr Mitko Subchev was a professor at the Institute of Zoology (now Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences.
La valorización de los recursos territoriales turísticos de Molise (Italia) mediante el diseño de un itinerario regional
Authors: Moreno Latorre Marina del Carmen , Mayordomo Maya Sandra
Published: February 2025

En las últimas décadas, el turismo se ha consolidado como un factor esencial para el desarrollo territorial, ya que proporciona beneficios socioeconómicos relevantes en las regiones en las que se promueve. En las áreas interiores y rurales, el aprovechamiento turístico de los recursos territoriales es una de las principales estrategias de desarrollo local sostenible. En Italia, los espacios rurales disponen de significativos recursos que pueden representar un reclamo para visitantes y turistas. Sin embargo, estos espacios se configuran como áreas marginales afectadas por procesos de despoblación. La región de Molise es una de las menos conocidas de Italia, y alberga numerosos municipios rurales. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los recursos territoriales de esta área con el propósito de diseñar una propuesta de puesta en valor que diversifique la oferta turística existente. Para ello, se ha realizado una consulta de referencias bibliográficas y fuentes estadísticas, y se han visitado in situ los recursos identificados. Asimismo, se han efectuado entrevistas con actores locales clave, con objeto de consensuar la propuesta de valorización. Los resultados demuestran que Molise posee numerosos recursos endógenos y un gran potencial turístico. No obstante, las estrategias de promoción en la región son limitadas e ineficientes. La estrategia de puesta en valor propuesta consiste en el diseño de un itinerario destinado a promover los recursos territoriales y su integración en una oferta turística coherente. La ruta atraviesa las principales cuencas hidrográficas de la región y sugiere la visita a diversos poblados y ciudades durante 7 días. En el trayecto se enfatiza la arquitectura defensiva, dada su relevancia histórica y patrimonial en la región. Actualmente se está trabajando en la difusión del itinerario, mediante su divulgación a través del diseño de una cartografía digital y la publicación de obras de divulgación.
ПРИЛОГ ИСТРАЖИВАЊУ КУЛТУРНОГ ИМПЕРИЈАЛИЗМА У БОСНИ И ХЕРЦЕГОВИНИ – СЛУЧАЈ ЗЕМАЉСКОГ МУЗЕЈА
Authors: Николић Ања
Published: February 2025

Рад тежи да укаже на деловање Земаљског музеја у Са- рајеву и његову улогу у културној политици Аустро-Угарске у Босни и Хер- цеговини. Приказани и анализирани су основни правци истраживања историјско-археолошког одељења Земаљског музеја, као и деловање не- колицине запослених који су се показали као кључни у процесу спровође- ња прокламоване културне мисије унутар Босне и Херцеговине. Деловање кровне културне институције у окупираној Босни и Херцеговини стављено је у контекст империјалног и колонијалног деловања Двојне монархије на тлу Балкана.
УПОРЕДНИ ПРЕГЛЕД ГОВЕДАРСТВА РУСИЈЕ/СОВЈЕТСКОГ САВЕЗА И КРАЉЕВИНЕ СРБА, ХРВАТА И СЛОВЕНАЦА/ЈУГОСЛАВИЈЕ ИЗМЕЂУ ДВА СВЈЕТСКА РАТА
Authors: Савановић Жељко
Published: February 2025

У раду се говори о говедарству на територији Русије/Са- веза Совјетских Социјалистичких Република и Краљевине Срба, Хрвата и Словенаца/Југославије у XIX вијеку пред Први свјетски рат, за вријеме рата и између два свјетска рата, на основу објављених извора и релевант- не домаће и стране литературе. Наведене су расе говеда, анализиран је и упоређен укупан број говеда, број на km², број на 1.000 становника, као и проценат заступљености у оквиру главних сточних врста. Упоређен је про- ценат крава, волова, бикова, јунади и телади у оквиру стада говеда засту- пљених у објема земљама. Посебан акценат дат је учешћу пољопривреде у укупном бруто националном дохотку земаља, стању пољопривреде у Совјетском Савезу за вријеме колективизације и извозу говеда из Краље- вине Југославије.
The Role of Japan’s Labor and Social Security Attorney (Sharoushi) in Expanding Social Security Coverage; A Benchmark Model for Indonesia’s Perisai, Kader JKN, and Agenalis"
Authors:   Kansai University, Ono Yoshihiko
Published: February 2025

This study examines the role of Japan's Labor and Social Security Attorney, known as Sharoushi, in expanding social security coverage and ensuring the effective collection of insurance premiums and providing Human Resources Consultation. The Sharoushi system, alongside Japan’s labor insurance office associations, has significantly contributed to the inclusivity and sustainability of Japan's social security framework, especially for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The study mainly analysis Sharoushi system and compares the Sharoushi system with Indonesia's similar professions, such as Perisai, Kader JKN, and Agenalis, which were inspired by Japanese models and implemented to support informal sector workers. This comparative analysis highlights the importance of intermediary professionals in bridging informational asymmetries, facilitating access to social security, and improving administrative efficiency. Drawing from institutional and practical perspectives, the study offers insights for other nations aiming to bolster their social security systems through qualification-based professional support. It underscores the Sharoushi's role in adapting Japan’s social security systems to broader, evolving needs, serving as a model for effective, inclusive coverage.
Proses Pembentukan Kampung Tematik Di Kampung Budaya Tehyan, Kelurahan Mekarsari, Kecamatan Neglasari, Kota Tangerang
Authors:   University of Indonesia, Jasmine Rossiana , Fawzi Indra Lestari ,   University of Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Poverty is a problem that continues to exist in urban and rural areas. With the ‘1 RW 1 Kampung Tematik’ movement, Tangerang city government makes the thematic village an effort to improve environmental conditions while at the same time elevating the socio-economic potential of the community and ultimately alleviating poverty. Kampung Budaya Tehyan is one of the thematic villages located in RW 04, Mekarsari Village, Neglasari District, Tangerang City and it focuses on the cultural theme and potential of the minority Benteng Chinese ethnic community. This article discusses the establishment process of Kampung Budaya Tehyan together with its supporting and hindering factors. The descriptive study uses a qualitative approach with interviews, field observations, and documentation studies as forms of the data collection method. The study result shows that the establishment process of Kampung Budaya Tehyan begins as the Benteng Chinese community feel the perceived need to conserve and showcase the culture that they have preserved for hundreds of years while improving their social and economic condition. In addition, the establishment process is supported by cultural and tourism potential which is very suitable to be the village’s unique theme, and also full support from several stakeholders related to thematic village establishment in Tangerang city. However, several hindering factors such as the community’s indifference and misperception of the existence of Kampung Budaya Tehyan and the limited number of staff who can manage several activities in Kampung Budaya Tehyan also affect the slow development progress of Kampung Budaya Tehyan as a tourism destination.
EFEKTIVITAS NEUROMUSCULAR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION PADA PENDERITA ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEKUATAN OTOT: STUDI LITERATUR
Authors:   Universitas Indonesia, Pratama Aditya Denny , Williati Etik ,   Universitas Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction is the surgical replacement of the anterior cruciate ligament with a tissue graft to restore function. The anterior cruciate ligament injury is one of the main ligaments in the knee that serves to maintain the stability of the knee joint so that it does not move too freely. ACL Injuries are a relatively common knee injury among athletes who play sports involving. The type of intervention that can be done is the use of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation. The method can help deal with problems of decreased muscle strength and muscle contraction. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) on muscle physiology of ACLR patients. This research is a literature review study in narrative form, where 5 articles were reviewed after searching and selecting four database data. The review found that 100 Anterior Cruciate Ligamnet Reconstruction (ACLR) patients aged 18- 50 years were given an intervention in the form of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) with a frequency of 3-5 days per week. After the intervention for 6-12 weeks, the evaluation data analysis found an increase in muscle strength and muscle contraction in ACLR patients. Based on the results of the review, it can be concluded that Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) provides physiological effects that are suitable for Post-Op ACLR conditions with impaired muscle strength.
Application of Remote Sensing for Mapping Soil Organic Matter Content
Authors:   Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia, Sukojo Bangun Muljo , Wahono Wahono ,   Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Kampus ITS Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, Indonesia
Published: February 2025

Application of Remote Sensing for Mapping Soil Organic Matter Content. Information organic content is important in monitoring and managing the environment as well as doing agricultural production activities. This research tried to map soil organic content in Malang using remote sensing technology. The research uses 6 bands of data captured by Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper) satellite (band 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7). The research focuses on pixels having Normalized Difference Soil Index (NDSI) more than 0.3. Ground-truth data were collected by analysing organic content of soil samples using Black-Walkey method. The result of analysis shows that digital number of original satellite image can be used to predict soil organic matter content. The implementation of regression equation in predicting soil organic content shows that 63.18% of research area contains of organic in a moderate category.
T3SS translocon induces pyroptosis by direct interaction with NLRC4/NAIP inflammasome
Authors: Zhao Yan , Zhu Hanshuo , Li Jinqian , Xu Hang , Sun Li
Published: February 2025

Type III secretion system (T3SS) is a virulence apparatus existing in many bacterial pathogens. Structurally, T3SS consists of the base, needle, tip, and translocon. The NLRC4 inflammasome is the major receptor for T3SS needle and basal rod proteins. Whether other T3SS components are recognized by NLRC4 is unclear. In this study, using Edwardsiella tarda as a model intracellular pathogen, we examined T3SS−inflammasome interaction and its effect on cell death. E. tarda induced pyroptosis in a manner that required the bacterial translocon and the host inflammasome proteins of NLRC4, NLRP3, ASC, and caspase 1/4. The translocon protein EseB triggered NLRC4/NAIP-mediated pyroptosis by binding NAIP via its C-terminal region, particularly the terminal 6 residues (T6R). EseB homologs exist widely in T3SS-positive bacteria and share high identities in T6R. Like E. tarda EseB, all of the representatives of the EseB homologs exhibited T6R-dependent NLRC4 activation ability. Together these results revealed the function and molecular mechanism of EseB to induce host cell pyroptosis and suggested a highly conserved inflammasome-activation mechanism of T3SS translocon in bacterial pathogens.
Context-Dependent Modulations of Subthalamo-Cortical Synchronization during Rapid Reversals of Movement Direction in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Winkler Lucie , Butz Markus , Sharma Abhinav , Vesper Jan , Schnitzler Alfons , Fischer Petra , Hirschmann Jan
Published: February 2025

The role of beta band activity in cortico-basal ganglia interactions during motor control has been studied extensively in resting-state and for simple movements, such as button pressing. However, little is known about how beta oscillations change and interact in more complex situations involving rapid changes of movement in various contexts.To close this knowledge gap, we combined magnetoencephalography (MEG) and local field potential recordings from the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in Parkinson’s disease patients to study beta dynamics during initiation, stopping, and rapid reversal of rotational movements. The action prompts were manipulated to be predictable vs. unpredictable.We observed movement-related beta suppression at motor sequence start, and a beta rebound after motor sequence stop in STN power, motor cortical power, and STN-cortex coherence. Despite involving a brief stop of movement, no clear rebound was observed during reversals of turning direction. On the cortical level, beta power decreased bilaterally following reversals, but more so in the hemisphere ipsilateral to movement, due to a floor effect on the contralateral side. In the STN, power modulations varied across patients, with patients revealing brief increases or decreases of high-beta power. Importantly, cue predictability affected these modulations. Event-related increases of STN-cortex beta coherence were generally stronger in the unpredictable than in the predictable condition.In summary, this study reveals the influence of movement context on beta oscillations in basal ganglia-cortex loops when humans change ongoing movements according to external cues. We find that movement scenarios requiring higher levels of caution involve enhanced modulations of subthalamo-cortical beta synchronization. Further, our results confirm that beta oscillations reflect the start and end of motor sequences better than movement changes within a sequence.
Integration of sensory and fear memories in the rat medial temporal lobe: advancing research by Wong et al. (2019)
Authors: Wong Francesca S , Thomas Alina B , Killcross Simon , Laurent Vincent , Westbrook R Frederick , Holmes Nathan M
Published: February 2025

Wong et al. (2019) used a sensory preconditioning protocol to examine how sensory and fear memories are integrated in the rat medial temporal lobe. In this protocol, rats integrate a sound-light (sensory) memory that forms in stage 1 with a light-shock (fear) memory that forms in stage 2 to generate fear responses (freezing) across test presentations of the sound in stage 3. Here, we advance this research by showing that: 1) how/when rats integrate the sound-light and light-shock memories (online in stage 2 or at test in stage 3) changes with the number of sound-light pairings in stage 1; and 2) regardless of how/when it occurs, the integration requires communication between two regions of the medial temporal lobe: the perirhinal cortex and basolateral amygdala complex. Thus, “event familiarity” determines how/when sensory and fear memories are integrated but not the circuitry by which the integration occurs: this remains the same.
Genome Restructuring around Innate Immune Genes in Monocytes in Alcohol-associated Hepatitis
Authors: Kim Adam , McMullen Megan R , Bellar Annette , Streem David , Dasarathy Jaividhya , Welch Nicole , Dasarathy Srinivasan
Published: February 2025

Many inflammatory genes in the immune system are clustered in the genome. The 3D genome architecture of these clustered genes likely plays a critical role in their regulation and alterations to this structure may contribute to diseases where inflammation is poorly controlled. Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is a severe inflammatory disease that contributes significantly to morbidity in alcohol associated liver disease. Monocytes in AH are hyper-responsive to inflammatory stimuli and contribute significantly to inflammation. We performed high throughput chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) technology on monocytes isolated from 4 AH patients and 4 healthy controls to better understand how genome structure is altered in AH. Most chromosomes from AH and healthy controls were significantly dissimilar from each other. Comparing AH to HC, many regions of the genome contained significant changes in contact frequency. While there were alterations throughout the genome, there were a number of hotspots containing a higher density of changes in structure. A few of these hotspots contained genes involved in innate immunity including the NK-gene receptor complex and the CXC-chemokines. Finally, we compare these results to scRNA-seq data from patients with AH challenged with LPS to predict how chromatin conformation impacts transcription of clustered immune genes. Together, these results reveal changes in the chromatin structure of monocytes from AH patients that perturb expression of highly clustered proinflammatory genes.
Oxytocin receptor controls promiscuity and development in prairie voles
Authors: Sharma Ruchira , Berendzen Kristen M , Everitt Amanda , Wang Belinda , Williams Gina , Wang Shuyu , Quine Kara , Larios Rose D , Long Kimberly LP , Hoglen Nerissa , Sulaman Bibi Alika , Heath Marie C , Sherman Michael , Klinkel Robert , Cai Angela , Galo Denis , Caamal Lizandro Chan , Goodwin Nastacia L , Beery Annaliese , Bales Karen L , Pollard Katherine S , Willsey Arthur Jeremy , Manoli Devanand S
Published: February 2025

Oxytocin receptor (Oxtr) signaling influences complex social behaviors in diverse species, including social monogamy in prairie voles. How Oxtr regulates specific components of social attachment behaviors and the neural mechanisms mediating them remains unknown. Here, we examine prairie voles lacking Oxtr and demonstrate that pair bonding comprises distinct behavioral modules: the preference for a bonded partner, and the rejection of novel potential mates. Our longitudinal study of social attachment shows that Oxtr sex-specifically influences early interactions between novel partners facilitating the formation of partner preference. Additionally, Oxtr suppresses promiscuity towards novel potential mates following pair bonding, contributing to rejection. Oxtr function regulates coordinated patterns of gene expression in regions implicated in attachment behaviors and regulates the expression of oxytocin in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, a principal source of oxytocin. Thus, Oxtr controls genetically separable components of pair bonding behaviors and coordinates development of the neural substrates of attachment.
MFI-Net: multi-level feature invertible network image concealment technique
Authors: Cheng Dapeng , Zhu Minghui , Yang Bo , Gao Xiaolian , Jing Wanting , Mao Yanyan , Zhao Feng
Published: February 2025

The utilization of deep learning and invertible networks for image hiding has been proven effective and secure. These methods can conceal large amounts of information while maintaining high image quality and security. However, existing methods often lack precision in selecting the hidden regions and primarily rely on residual structures. They also fail to fully exploit low-level features, such as edges and textures. These issues lead to reduced quality in model generation results, a heightened risk of network overfitting, and diminished generalization capability. In this article, we propose a novel image hiding method based on invertible networks, called MFI-Net. The method introduces a new upsampling convolution block (UCB) and combines it with a residual dense block that employs the parametric rectified linear unit (PReLU) activation function, effectively utilizing multi-level information (low-level and high-level features) of the image. Additionally, a novel frequency domain loss (FDL) is introduced, which constrains the secret information to be hidden in regions of the cover image that are more suitable for concealing the data. Extensive experiments on the DIV2K, COCO, and ImageNet datasets demonstrate that MFI-Net consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods, achieving superior image quality metrics. Furthermore, we apply the proposed method to digital collection images, achieving significant success.
Comparative mitogenomics of Cheiracanthium species (Araneae: Cheiracanthiidae) with phylogenetic implication and evolutionary insights
Authors: Li Zhaoyi , Zhang Feng
Published: February 2025

The genus Cheiracanthium C. L. Koch, 1839 is the most species-rich genus of the family Cheiracanthiidae. Given the unavailability of information on the evolutionary biology and molecular taxonomy of this genus, here we sequenced nine mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of Cheiracanthium species, four of which were fully annotated, and conducted comparative analyses with other well-characterized Araneae mitogenomes. We also provide phylogenetic insights on the genus Cheiracanthium. The circular mitogenomes of the Cheiracanthium contain 37 genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs) and one putative control region (CR). All genes show a high A+T bias, characterized by a negative AT skew and positive GC skew, along with numerous overlapped regions and intergenic spacers. Approximately half of the tRNAs lack TΨC and/or dihydrouracil (DHU) arm and are characterized with unpaired amino acid acceptor arms. Most PCGs used the standard ATN start codons and TAR termination codons. The mitochondrial gene order of Cheiracanthium differs significantly from the putative ancestral gene order (Limulus polyphemus). Our novel phylogenetic analyses infer Cheiracanthiidae to be the sister group of Salticidae in BI analysis, but as sister to the node with Miturgidae, Viridasiidae, Corinnidae, Selenopidae, Salticidae, and Philodromidae in ML analysis. We confirm that Cheiracanthium is paraphyletic, for the first time using molecular phylogenetic approaches, with the earliest divergence estimated at 67 Ma. Our findings enhance our understanding of Cheiracanthium taxonomy and evolution.
Evaluation of the Immunomodulatory Effect of an Organometallic Formulation of Laghumalini Vasant by using Cell Culture: A Research Protocol
Authors: Wanjari Anita , Rathi Bharat , Naik Amit
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The immune system serves as the body’s defence mechanism and aids in maintaining homeostasis by defending against infections and foreign bodies. Immunomodulation, either through stimulation or suppression, is useful in disease prevention. During Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, significant immunity and preventive measures were considered of prime importance.

Need of the Study: During the pandemic, an organometallic formulation, Laghumalini Vasant (LMV), was prescribed by AYUSH advisory to control mild to moderate fever. Under the Indian system of medicine, it is recommended for pyrexia, diarrhoea, piles, ophthalmic diseases and diabetes mellitus. While many review articles claim that LMV is an immunomodulator, this has not been evident. LMV is rich in zinc. Hence, it might affect immunity. Considering this, the study is undertaken to assess the immunomodulatory effect of LMV through cell line experiments. The LMV will be assessed for Immunoglobulin G (IgG), Immunoglobulin M (IgM), Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) and Cytokinase. If evidence of the immunomodulatory effect is generated, this drug could be prescribed to patients for immunomodulation.

Aim: To evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the organometallic formulation, LMV, using cell culture.

Materials and Methods: An in-vitro experimental study will be conducted at Central India Institute of Medical Sciences (CIIMS), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India from November 2024 to January 2026. The immunomodulatory effect will be assessed by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Phytohemagglutinin (PHA)- induced immune deregulation in the cell culture model system via assays for IgG, IgM, ADA and Interleukins. Statistical analysis will be performed using MedCalc software (version 10). Each experiment will be carried out in triplicate and repeated three times to ensure data reliability. Results will be expressed as Mean±SD. The experimental and the control group will be compared using a t-test. A p-value <0.05 will be considered statistically significant.
Paradoxes of manganese geochemistry
Authors: Yudovich Yakov
Published: February 2025

The article describes the paradoxical feature of manganese geochemistry, which was first pointed out in 1934 by V. I. Vernadsky. It is explained by the powerful influence of bios, which provides an unusual character of the processes of concentration and scattering, oxidation and reduction of Mn, which would seem to contradict the laws of thermodynamics. Based on the generalization of modern data, in addition to the mai paradox discovered by Vernadsky, the article identifies and describes 9 other paradoxical features of Mn geochemistry, named after A. B. Ronov, G. N. Baturin and J. Buchanan, V. S. Savenko and Yu. A. Tkachev. Five relate to Mn ore concentrations and four relate to the clarke geochemistry of Mn, including the distribution of Mn in igneous rocks, on the facies profile and its behavior in carbonaceous bioliths.
Mummy of a saber-toothed cat cub from the Pleistocene of Yakutia
Authors: Lopatin Alexey
Published: February 2025

The frozen mummy of a saber-toothed cat Homotherium latidens cub was found in the Upper Pleistocene permafrost of the Yedoma deposits on the Badyarikha River (the right tributary of the Indigirka River) in the northeast of Yakutia. For the first time in the history of paleontology, the external appearance of an extinct mammal species that has no analogues in the modern fauna has been studied by direct observation. The very massive neck muscles, shortened body and elongated forelimbs of the cub reflect the characteristic features of the body structure of adult Homotherium individuals, known from skeletal finds. The wide paws may be adapted to moving through snow, and the small low auricles may be related to the cold climate. The enlarged mouth opening and high upper lip of the cub are associated with the subsequent development of hypertrophied upper canines and very large incisors, atypical for modern cats.
Modern geochemical studies of gases on the shelf of the Russian Arctic
Authors: Voropaev Sergey
Published: February 2025

In the last expedition of the research vessel Akademik Mstislav Keldysh, extensive sediment material was selected from the seas of the European part of the Russian Arctic. After their lithological description, the samples selected from different horizons will be analyzed for the content of the main gases - methane, carbon dioxide and light hydrocarbons. The issue of the origin and distribution of gases in the marine sediment layer on the continental shelf of the European part of the Russian Arctic, covering the Barents and Kara Seas, is of great interest both for practical purposes of exploration of hydrocarbon reserves and for understanding the general geophysical and geochemical processes in the shelf-sea-atmosphere system affecting the climate of our planet.
On the 120th anniversary of the awarding of the Nobel Prize to I. P. Pavlov
Authors: Poliakov Yevgeniy
Published: February 2025

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Ivan Petrovich Pavlov on October 7/20, 1904. The article presents materials about the beginning of I.P. Pavlov’s path to the first Nobel Prize, the award ceremony, nominations for the second Nobel Prize from 1925 to 1930, further scientific activity of the great physiologist, as well as the history of creation of his monument and museum-apartment in St. Petersburg.