bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECTS OF INTERNET-BASED PYCHODYNAMIC THERAPY ON THE PROCESS (A Mixed-Method Systematic Review) (Preprint)
Authors: Özkan Birgül , Karabulut Esra
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Psychodynamic therapy is one of the oldest methods of psychotherapy. By focusing on the unconscious processes of the person, it aims to reveal self-awareness and the impact of past experiences on current behaviours. In the past of therapy, it is seen that it is done face to face. However, today's technology and problems cause therapy to be done internet-based. Technological developments provide convenience in internet-based therapy processes. In addition, the pandemic period experienced in recent years has prevented therapies from being carried out face-to-face in a compulsory way. Especially in post-pandemic therapies, face-to-face therapies have been replaced by internet-based therapies.

OBJECTIVE

This study was conducted to determine the processes, results and impact levels of psychodynamic therapy on internet-based platforms.

METHODS

Within the scope of this study, care was taken to ensure that the interviewees were psychotherapists who had continuous face-to-face meetings beforehand. Data were obtained by searching Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Wiley Online Library, APA PsycNet and TR Index pages on the internet database between October 2023 and February 2024. The studies that were eligible for PICO(S) were examined, and research articles that were conducted within the last 5 years and shared the results of internet-based psychodynamic therapy in the subject content were included. ‘Psychodynamic therapy’, “internet-based” keywords and combinations were used. Descriptive studies, review articles and studies whose full text could not be accessed were not included in the study. This study was planned as a systematic review and was prepared in accordance with the PRISMA protocol.

RESULTS

It is seen that 23.1% of the studies were conducted during the COVID-19 process. 61.5% of the studies were internet-based psychodynamic therapy studies conducted with adolescents. It is seen that internet-based psychodynamic therapy studies were conducted with individuals diagnosed with Depression, Anxiety and Social Anxiety. It is seen that 23.1% of the studies included in the research were conducted using qualitative method and 61.5% were conducted using quantitative research methods. It is seen that scales for depression, generalised anxiety disorder and mood disorders were used in quantitative studies.

CONCLUSIONS

Positive results were obtained with internet-based therapies in depression and anxiety disorders. It is thought that proving the usefulness of internet-based therapy contributes a lot to the field of therapy. Individuals in need of therapy have been freed from stress sources such as transport and cost. Internet-based therapies have provided a saving support for individuals who have difficulty in accessing therapists. Likewise, since the costs of internet-based therapies are lower than face-to-face therapies, it has been a facilitator for individuals to reach therapy sessions.
The Effectiveness of the SP4N-LAPOR! as a National Public Service Complaint Management Application
Authors: Premaiswari Ni Made Widya , Siregar Ramlan , Ghazali Rusman
Published: August 2024

The implementation of the National Public Service Complaint Management System-Online Aspiration and Complaints Service (or Sistem Pengelolaan Pengaduan Pelayanan Publik Nasional- Layanan Aspirasi dan Pengaduan Online a.k.a SP4N-LAPOR!) as a national public service complaint management application is still facing several problems. Ministry of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reform (or Kementerian Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi a.k.a KemenPANRB) as a national admin of the SP4N-LAPOR! carries out monitoring and evaluation duties at the national level and forwards the reports to each government agency, thus playing an essential role in the effectiveness of SP4N-LAPOR!. This research aims to determine the effectiveness of implementing public service complaint management in the SP4N-LAPOR! by KemenPANRB in 2021. Qualitative and descriptive approaches as well as interview observation and documentation were used to collect data. The findings in the research show that the SP4N-LAPOR! has been planned and arranged according to applicable regulations. However, in practice, the implementation of SP4N-LAPOR! has not been optimal due to several factors: commitment, coordination, technical and operational capabilities, technology, and community involvement.
Land Use Change Monitoring and Carbon Storage Assessment in Qingyuan City Using the InVEST Model
Authors: Pan Shuxian , Wang Ruei-Yuan
Published: August 2024

To analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of land use change and carbon stock in Qingyuan City from 1990 to 2020 and the relationship between them, to provide theoretical decision-making references for balancing economic development and ecological civilization construction and promoting rural revitalization. Based on remote sensing data, ArcGIS was used for land use change visualization, and the Carbon module of the InVEST model was used to estimate carbon stocks to explore the impact of Land Use and Cover Change (LUCC) on carbon stocks. The results show that from 1990 to 2020, the area of cultivated land, forest land, and grassland in Qingyuan City decreased, the area of construction land and water area increased, and the size of the unused land area remained unchanged. The land use type with the largest share of carbon stocks is forest land, and the smallest is unused land. The total carbon stock was 132,300,135 Mg (mega gram) in 1990 and 131,613,007 Mg in 2020, a decrease of 687,128 Mg in total carbon stock. Changes in the area of grasslands leading to changes in the area of carbon stocks are the most obvious, and the conversion of cultivated land, forested land, and grasslands to construction land is the main cause of the loss of carbon stocks..
Photo Stress & Finite Element Analysis of Slip Yoke of Ashok Leyland Dost
Authors: Naik Mr. Ajit Sanjaykumar
Published: August 2024

We studied the simulation, experimental behaviour of slip yoke under loading condition. Slip yoke used for transmitting torque and rotation, is one of the most important components in motor vehicles. It is required to connect the other components of the drivetrain such as transmission and differential to each other. Basically, a slip yoke comprises of yoke parts, splined parts. Each component on slip yoke is exposed to torsion while they perform their functions such as angular and axial movement. Therefore, each component should be strong enough against to torsion in the design and analysis processes. In this study, experimental and simulation methods were used to design the slip yoke, investigated, and compared with each other. In the simulation studies, finite element analysis (FEA) was implemented by using three different loading conditions. photo elastic stress analysis (experimental method) is carried out. The comparative analysis of both methods is done & failure cause of slip yoke is found out.
Research Paper on Analytical Investigation of the Effect of 3d Printing Process Parameters on Anisotropic Mechanical Behaviour of Additively Constructed Concrete
Authors: Tomar Milan
Published: August 2024

This research identifies key challenges in additively constructed concrete, including the need for understanding the scalability of mechanical behaviour from small to large structures, addressing variability in material properties, and predicting failure mechanisms. It highlights the need for improved finite element modelling for accurate 3DCP simulation, and further investigation into concrete foundation interactions and initial imperfections. The study acknowledges difficulties in simulating complex shapes and calls for refinement of the numerical model for better predictive accuracy. It also emphasizes the need to understand long-term behaviour, durability, and the impact of the 3DCP process on microstructural morphology and mechanical properties. The influence of pores and time gaps between layers on the overall capacity of the specimen, and the development of a model considering different properties of 3D concrete material are also identified as areas for future research.
Quantum computation from dynamic automorphism codes
Authors: Davydova Margarita , Tantivasadakarn Nathanan , Balasubramanian Shankar , Aasen David
Published: August 2024

We propose a new model of quantum computation comprised of low-weight measurement sequences that simultaneously encode logical information, enable error correction, and apply logical gates. These measurement sequences constitute a new class of quantum error-correcting codes generalizing Floquet codes, which we call dynamic automorphism (DA) codes. We construct an explicit example, the DA color code, which is assembled from short measurement sequences that can realize all 72 automorphisms of the 2D color code. On a stack of N triangular patches, the DA color code encodes N logical qubits and can implement the full logical Clifford group by a sequence of two- and, more rarely, three-qubit Pauli measurements. We also make the first step towards universal quantum computation with DA codes by introducing a 3D DA color code and showing that a non-Clifford logical gate can be realized by adaptive two-qubit measurements.
CONTROLLING THE BORROWER POPULATION OF P2P LENDING MODELS
Authors: Handayani Dewi , Gunadi Audri Utami
Published: August 2024

P2P lending, commonly called online lending, is a service provider institution that provides borrowing and lending services in rupiah currency through an electronic system. The growth of P2P lending has increased rapidly since the pandemic of COVID-19 and led to an increase in the number of borrowers. Meanwhile, crime has also increased as many people can’t repay their loans. The chain of P2P lending must be controlled to suppress the growth of the population of people with online loans. This study constructs two P2P lending models by modifying the Kermack-McKendrick Epidemic Model. The population is divided into three sub populations: potential individuals, borrowers, and payers. Optimal control is used to suppress the population growth of borrower individuals through socialization with potential individuals or people with work potential and providing payment assistance for borrowers. This study constructs several optimal control scenarios for the two P2P lending models. From the comparison of optimal control scenarios, the optimal control recommendations that can suppress the population growth of borrower is to provide socialization to people with work potential and payment assistance for the borrower population.
Pengaruh Latihan Pliometrik Terhadap Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai Pada Atlet Atletik Klub Stadion Mini Kota Jambi
Authors: Anggraini Dwi Tiansi , Hasibuan Mhd. Usni Zamzami
Published: August 2024

Masalah penelitian ini adalah penurunan prestasi olahraga yang dialami oleh atlet atletik Klub Stadion Mini Kota Jambi. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua variabel, yatu metode latihan pliometrik dan daya ledak otot tungkai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Latihan Pliometrik Terhadap Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai. Jenis Penelitian ini adalahÂ  penelitian eksperimen. Populasi seluruh atlet atlet atletik Klub Stadion Mini Kota Jambi yang berjumlah 16 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel ini adalah secara purposive sampling sebanyak 12 orang atlet. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan vertical jump test. Teknik analisis data yaitu menggunakan uji t. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh latihan pliometrik terhadap kemampuan daya ledak otot tungkai pada Atlet Atletik Klub Stadion Mini Kota Jambi, dimana t hitung > t tabel (9.73 > 1.860).
Mengenal Cara Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Dengan Menggunakan Media
Authors: Haris Andi
Published: August 2024

Artikel ini didasarkan pada ulasan literatur yang dipadukan dengan observasi lapangan yang meneliti proses aktivitas pemberdayaan komunitas. Diketahui bahwa pemberdayaan komunitas adalah topik utama yang banyak dibahas oleh berbagai pihak, dengan tujuan utama adalah pengembangan komunitas. Melalui aktivitas pemberdayaan ini, kelompok sasaran dapat meningkatkan standar hidup dan kesejahteraan mereka dengan diberikan edukasi, pelatihan, dan aktivitas lainnya yang bertujuan untuk membebaskan mereka dari ketidakberdayaan, isolasi, dan ketertinggalan. Selanjutnya, melalui aktivitas pemberdayaan ini, diharapkan klien dapat bekerja secara independen sehingga kebutuhan dasar mereka dapat tercukupi
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Di Kabupaten Jepara Oleh Mahasiswa Dan Dosen Iain Kudus
Authors: Purwanti Purwanti , Sumardi Agus , Maryono Atiul
Published: August 2024

Program pemberdayaan masyarakat di Kabupaten Jepara yang diinisiasi oleh mahasiswa dan dosen Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Kudus merupakan inisiatif multidisiplin yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas ekonomi dan kesadaran lingkungan lokal melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan. Menghadapi tantangan dari keterbatasan keterampilan, dampak lingkungan industri, dan kebutuhan ekonomi yang belum terpenuhi, program ini mengimplementasikan serangkaian workshop dan pelatihan yang dirancang untuk meningkatkan keterampilan desain dan teknik pemasaran digital para pengrajin, serta mengadopsi praktik industri yang berkelanjutan. Hasil dari program ini mencakup peningkatan signifikan dalam pendapatan lokal, peningkatan kesadaran terhadap praktik berkelanjutan, dan adopsi metode produksi yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Studi ini mengevaluasi dampak program tersebut, dengan menyoroti keterlibatan komunitas dan dukungan institusional sebagai faktor kunci keberhasilannya. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kolaborasi efektif antara institusi pendidikan, masyarakat, dan pihak-pihak terkait lainnya dapat memperkuat kapasitas masyarakat dalam menghadapi tantangan sosial dan ekonomi modern, sekaligus mendukung keberlanjutan lingkungan.
Meneropong Sukses Program: Refleksi Kualitatif atas Kegiatan Pelatihan Teknologi Pendidikan FKIP Universitas Jambi
Authors: Saudagar Ferdiaz , Sadikin Ali
Published: August 2024

Artikel ini mengkaji efektivitas program pelatihan teknologi pendidikan yang diinisiasi oleh FKIP Universitas Jambi dalam meningkatkan literasi teknologi di kalangan pendidik. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini mengevaluasi feedback dari peserta untuk mengidentifikasi manfaat dan area yang memerlukan peningkatan dalam program. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam pengetahuan dan wawasan teknologi, khususnya penggunaan AI dan ChatGPT, serta persiapan magang dan pengembangan kreativitas. Meskipun demikian, terdapat kebutuhan untuk peningkatan materi dan metode pengajaran, serta penekanan pada etika penggunaan teknologi. Artikel ini juga menyoroti pentingnya integrasi AI dalam pendidikan dan tantangan etis yang menyertainya, mengusulkan rekomendasi untuk implementasi AI yang efektif dan etis dalam pendidikan.
Economic Competitiveness of SMEs: Digital Literacy, The Mediating Role of Digital Transformation and Innovation Capability
Authors: Firmansyah Deri , Ahman Eeng , Wahdiniwaty Rahma
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The objective of this study is to predict and analyze the mediating role of digital transformation (DT) innovation capability (IC) and digital literacy (DL) on the relationship between digital literacy (DL) and economic competitiveness (CP) of SMEs, by proposing a model construction.Methodology: The survey method was carried out by distributing research instruments to 99 respondents, the collected data was used to analyze the relationship between digital literacy, digital transformation, innovation ability, and competitiveness, and also used to test hypotheses. Evaluation of predictions through structural equation models with partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).Finding: DL directly has a significant positive effect on CP. DL has a significant positive influence on DT. DL has a significant positive effect on IC. DT has a significant positive effect on CP. DT has a significant positive effect on IC. DT and IC serially have a mediating effect on the effect of DL on CP, each moderately mediating effect. Conclusion: The results of model measurement and the results of the evaluation of model suitability show that model suitability is achieved and guarantees model suitability. The results of the structural model path analysis show that all hypotheses are accepted, DT and IC serially have a mediating effect on the influence of DL on the economic competitiveness of SMEs. The novelty findings of this research produce a model of the economic competitiveness of SMEs in the digital economy era, which involves DL, DT, and IC. The implication is that to improve the effectiveness of highly competitive businesses in this era, DL, digital competence and digital transformation capabilities of human resources (HRDT) among SMEs need to be carefully prepared, and IC must be improved.
The Effect of Work-Family Conflict, Work Overload, and Perceived Organizational Support towards Work Stress and Its Impact on Turnover Intentions in the Private Bank Employees
Authors: Sunatar Bambang
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The objective of this research is to determine how work-family conflict, work overload, and perceived organizational support affect work stress and subsequently influence turnover intentions in private bank employeesMethodology: The study employs a quantitative approach to test known hypotheses and involves collecting data via questionnaires from 120 participants in Sorong, West Papua, Indonesia. The data is analyzed using a structural equation model (SEM) with the aid of smart PLS and 100 samplesFinding: The results indicate that work-family conflict and work overload have significant positive effects on work stress and turnover intentions. Additionally, perceived organizational support has a significant positive impact on both work stress and turnover intentions. The study further finds that work stress mediates the relationship between work-family conflict, work overload, perceived organizational support, and turnover intentions. Therefore, organizations must address work-family conflict, and work overload to provide perceived organizational support to reduce work stress and turnover intentions among their employeesConclusion: According to this research, the implications are that managers should implement measures to minimize work-family conflicts and workload to enhance employee well-being and reduce their intentions to leave the organization and the need to ensure that employees perceive support from the organization in different aspects such as compensation, promotion, and recognition
The Influence of Organizational Culture and Emotional Intelligence on the Employee Performance and with the Employee Engagement as the Mediating Variable
Authors: Hermawan Lisa Bella , Abadi Ferryal
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The objective of this study is to explore the influence of organizational culture and emotional intelligence on employee performance with employee engagement as a mediating variable.Methodology: This research involved the questionnaire survey of employees at a multi-finance company. The data collected was then analyzed with a structural model approach, using quantitative methods. The population in this study involved 240 employees at a multi-finance company in the Jakarta area.Finding: In the variable of Employee Engagement influenced by the variables of Organizational Culture and Emotional Intelligence, an R-Square value of 0.455 was obtained. This explains that the percentage of the predictor variables, Organizational Culture and Emotional Intelligence, can explain 45.5% of Employee Engagement. In the variable of Job Performance influenced by the variables of Organizational Culture, Emotional Intelligence, and Employee Engagement, an R-Square value of 0.380 was obtained. This explains that the percentage of the predictor variables, Organizational Culture, Emotional Intelligence, and Employee Engagement, can explain 38% of Job Performance.Conclusion: The results indicate that Organizational Culture and Emotional Intelligence in multifinance companies influence Employee Performance, and Employee Engagement has a mediating effect. This research has practical implications for multifinance companies in building Organizational Culture and Emotional Intelligence and increasing Employee Performance through Employee Engagement.
Enhancing the Organizational Innovation: The Role of HRM Practices and Transformational Leadership in SMEs
Authors: Asraf Asraf , Hakim Abdul , Yuana Indira , Roslan Astil Harli
Published: August 2024

Objective: The objective of this  research is to reveal the relationship between Human Resource Management (HRM) practices and organizational innovation, mediated by Collective Organizational Engagement and moderated by Transformational Leadership, in the context of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Kendari City.Methodology: This study employs a quantitative methodology using Structural Equation Modeling, specifically Partial Least Squares (SEM PLS). The data is cross-sectional, collected at a single point in time through the distribution of questionnaires. The study involves a total of 260 SMEs located in Kendari City.Findings: The study indicates that effective HRM practices foster organizational innovation by creating a supportive work environment. HRM enhances collective employee engagement, contributing to innovation through active participation in idea development. Transformational leadership strengthens this relationship by motivating employees to excel.Conclusion: Efficient HRM practices promote organizational innovation by creating a supportive work environment and enhancing employee engagement. Transformational leadership further accelerates innovation by motivating employees. Integrating effective HRM with transformational leadership creates a conducive environment for sustainable innovation within the organization.
The Antecedents of the Rural Bank Patronage in Indonesia
Authors: Hayati Sri , Setyanto Refius Pradipta
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The objective of the studies is to test the causal models of rural banking patronage behavior are still under research and this study is also aimed at filling the empirical gap. This study operationalizes constructs that better reflect the characteristics and uniqueness of rural banking business processes.Methodology: Data collection was carried out directly by distributing questionnaires to consumers or customers of BPR BKK banks in Banyumas Regency, Purbalingga Regency, and Banjarnegara Regency. The number of samples in this study was determined by the purposive sampling method of as many as 373 people. The analysis tool used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and processed using AMOS software.Finding: The findings of this study stated, among others, the following: (1) Relational benefits have a positive effect on business friendship (2) Relational benefits have a positive effect on brand intimacy (3) Business friendship mediates the effect of relational benefits on brand intimacy (4) Business friendship has a positive effect on brand intimacy (5) Brand intimacy has a positive effect on patronage intention.Conclusion: Customer loyalty to the bank greatly determines the sustainability of the bank's business, especially rural banks which generally have fewer resources than national banks. This study confirms the importance of bank management paying attention to five antecedent variables, namely relational benefits (symbiotic benefits, special treatment benefits, and confidence benefits), business friendships, and brand intimacy.
PENGENALAN MS. WORD DAN PENGGUNAAN INTERNET UNTUK USAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH (UKM) DI KECAMATAN KEMBANGAN
Authors: Ratnasari Anita , Hartanto Alen Boby , Gata Grace
Published: August 2024

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi informasi, menuntut kecamatan untuk lebih efektif  dan efisien dalam kegiatan operasionalnya. Kegiatan surat-menyurat di kecamatan terutama untuk Usaha  Kecil  dan  Menengah (UKM) memerlukan bantuan komputer agar lebih rapi dan cepat dalam pengerjaannya. Kemudahan pembuatan berbagai surat yang menjadi salah satu kegiatan rutin di Kecamatan Kembangan untuk memberikan laporan ataupun undangan kepada para warga dan pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan akan menjadi lebih mudah dan cepat dengan bantuan microsoft word 2010. Internet saat ini sudah menyita sebagian besar waktu bagi masyarakat luas. Usaha  Kecil  dan  Menengah (UKM) merupakan  salah  satu  potensi  bagi  pertumbuhan perekonomian negara, tentu  UKM  perlu  memanfaatkan  teknologi informasi dalam memasarkan produknya. Penggunaan internet dan perkembangan teknologi data digital dalam bidang pemasaran dan penjualan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir berkembang dengan cepat. Di era globalisasi informasi bergerak sangat cepat dan menjadi pelaku bisnis untuk memenangkan persaingan. Pemanfaatan internet membuka peluang bagi usaha kecil dan menengah (UKM) untuk memasarkan dan menumbuhkan jaringan usaha di seluruh belahan dunia usaha. Dengan adanya internet, proses pemasaran dan penjualan dapat dilakukan kapan saja tanpa terikat ruang dan waktu.
The Effectiveness of Marriage Dispensation Requests at the Religious Court of Palu
Authors: Rahman Aan Asgari , Susilawati Susi , Mubarak Ayyub
Published: August 2024

Dispensation to marry is a dispensation granted by the Religious Court to a bride and groom who are not old enough to enter into marriage for a man and woman who have not reached 19 (nineteen) years of age. If the two prospective husband and wife are both Muslims, then both of them can apply for marriage dispensation to the Religious Court. The formulation of the problem above is how the increase in applications for dispensation of marriage after the enactment of Law Number 16 of 2019 concerning amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 that occurred in the Palu Religious Court and what factors submitted applications for dispensation of marriage at the Palu Religious Court. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in marriage dispensation at the Palu Religious Court and to find out what factors submitted to marriage dispensation at the Palu Religious Court. The research method used is empirical juridical. Based on the results of the study, there is an increase in marriage dispensation in the Palu Religious Court due to several factors, namely: pregnancy, fear/fear, economy, culture/custom, and arranged marriage these factors occur because there are no detailed rules on the Marriage Law regarding the reasons that can be submitted to apply for marriage dispensation, lack of public understanding of the impact of marriage dispensation, and lack of counseling from related institutions to provide comprehensive socialization to various places about the Marriage Law. Whether or not this Marriage Law is effective can also be influenced by several factors, namely: legal factors, law enforcement factors and related institutions, facilities and facilities, community factors, and cultural factors.
Developing Flipbook Benadaku with YouTube videos to improve students' learning outcomes in natural and social sciences
Authors: Jannah Nila Rohmatul , Ahmadi Farid
Published: August 2024

This research was motivated by the low learning outcomes of students in natural and social sciences subjects on the material of norms in regional customs. Consequently, this study aims to develop and determine the effectiveness and feasibility of the Flipbook Benadaku media with YouTube videos to improve the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students in these subjects. Research and Development (R&D) is the type of research conducted, utilizing the research model design from Dick and Carey. The research subjects consisted of 27 fourth-grade students. To collect data, both test and non-test techniques were employed. Specifically, the test technique involved pre-tests and post-tests, while non-test techniques included observation and interviews. As a result, the development of the Flipbook Benadaku with YouTube videos was achieved. The feasibility results of the Flipbook Benadaku with YouTube videos indicate that the media is suitable for use, as evidenced by the assessments of material experts and media experts, with percentages of 92% and 90.4% respectively. Furthermore, the learning outcomes of the fourth-grade students improved significantly, with an average pretest score of 45.83 and a post-test score of 86.67, resulting in an N-gain of 0.77, which is categorized as high. Thus, the media is considered quite effective. In conclusion, Flipbook Benadaku with YouTube videos is validated as effective for use in natural and social sciences learning and can significantly enhance students' learning outcomes on the material of norms in regional customs.
Use of Degludec in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes and Recurrent Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Vakharia Mili , Huang Xiaofan , Minard Charles , Patel Tracy , Lyons Sarah K. , McKay Siripoom
Published: August 2024

This article describes a pediatric diabetes center quality improvement initiative to switch youth with type 1 diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) from insulin glargine to longer-duration insulin degludec to determine whether this change would reduce DKA recurrence. Overall, the change in DKA recurrence with degludec was not statistically significant. However, subgroup analysis showed that race/ethnicity and insurance status were significantly associated with change in DKA rates. The association of degludec and decreased rates of repeat DKA in Hispanics and privately insured individuals requires further exploration.
Effectiveness of Multilevel and Multidomain Interventions to Improve Glycemic Control in U.S. Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Falk Eli M. , Staab Erin M. , Deckard Amber N. , Uranga Sofia I. , Thomas Nikita C. , Wan Wen , Karter Andrew J. , Huang Elbert S. , Peek Monica E. , Laiteerapong Neda
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Racial and ethnic disparities in type 2 diabetes outcomes are a major public health concern. Interventions targeting multiple barriers may help address disparities.

PURPOSE

To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of diabetes self-management education (DSME) interventions in minority populations. We hypothesized that interventions addressing multiple levels (individual, interpersonal, community, and societal) and/or domains (biological, behavioral, physical/built environment, sociocultural environment, and health care system) would have the greatest effect on hyperglycemia.

DATA SOURCES

We performed an electronic search of research databases PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsycINFO (1985–2019).

STUDY SELECTION

We included randomized controlled trials of DSME interventions among U.S. adults with type 2 diabetes from racial and ethnic minority populations.

DATA EXTRACTION

We extracted study parameters on DSME interventions and changes in percent hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c).

DATA SYNTHESIS

A total of 106 randomized controlled trials were included. Twenty-five percent (n = 27) of interventions were exclusively individual-behavioral, 51% (n = 54) were multilevel, 66% (n = 70) were multidomain, and 42% (n = 45) were both multilevel and multidomain. Individual-behavioral interventions reduced HbA1c by −0.34 percentage points (95% CI −0.46, −0.22; I2 = 33%) (−3.7 [−5.0, −2.4] mmol/mol). Multilevel interventions reduced HbA1c by −0.40 percentage points (95% CI −0.51, −0.29; I2 = 68%) (−4.4 [−5.6, −3.2] mmol/mol). Multidomain interventions reduced HbA1c by −0.39 percentage points (95% CI −0.49, −0.29; I2 = 68%) (−4.3 [−5.4, −3.2] mmol/mol). Interventions that were both multilevel and multidomain reduced HbA1c by −0.43 percentage points (95% CI −0.55, −0.31; I2 = 69%) (−4.7 [−6.0, −3.4] mmol/mol).

LIMITATIONS

The analyses were restricted to RCTs.

CONCLUSIONS

Multilevel and multidomain DSME interventions had a modest impact on HbA1c. Few DSME trials have targeted the community and society levels or physical environment domain. Future research is needed to evaluate the effects of these interventions on outcomes beyond HbA1c.
Isometric muscle force and anthropometric values in normal children aged between 3.5 and 15 years
Authors: Bäckman E , Odenrick P , Henriksson KG , Ledin T.
Published: August 2024

Isometric muscle force was measured in 217 normal children aged 3.5-15 years. The standard error of a single determination made by the same observer was ca. 9% of the muscle force. When two measurements were made by different observers the standard error of the difference was estimated at ca. 17%. Reference values for isometric force are given for boys and girls separately. With regard to 7 of the 10 muscle groups tested the force was significantly greater in boys than in girls as early as at ca. 10 years of age. Age and weight were the most important predictors of muscle force.
The cumulative structure of personal and instrumental ADL. A study of elderly people in a health service district
Authors: Asberg KH , Sonn U.
Published: August 2024

Katz' Index of ADL has been supplemented by five well-defined instrumental activities, namely cooking, washing, transportation, cleaning, and shopping. Eighty-five persons, mainly elderly, who had consecutively consulted a district occupational therapist, were assessed in their homes in order to study the reliability, the scalability, and the validity of the expanded index. The inter-observer reliability was high. The coefficient of scalability was well above the acceptance level, indicating construct validity. No person was dependent in personal ADL and totally independent in instrumental ADL. Persons who were dependent in both personal and instrumental ADL were older and lived in sheltered accommodation more often than persons who were dependent only in instrumental ADL, indicating external validity. This study shows that there was a cumulative relationship between certain well-defined instrumental activities and between personal and instrumental activities. This supplemented index can be useful for assessing and differentiating the need for personal assistance and homecare among disabled elderly people.
Wheelchair propulsion technique at different speeds
Authors: Veeger HE , Van der Woude LH , Rozendal RH.
Published: August 2024

To study wheelchair propulsion technique at different speeds, five well-trained subjects propelled a wheelchair on a treadmill. Measurements were made at four belt speeds of 0.56-1.39 m/s and against slopes of 2 and 3 degrees. Cardiorespiratory data were collected. Three consecutive strokes were filmed. Using markers on subject, wheelchair and treadmill frame a kinematic analysis was performed. Considerable inter-individual differences in propulsion style were found, but also general changes relative to speed occurred in the group as a whole. Cycle time decreased with speed, predominantly as the result of a shorter push time while push angle remained constant and the movement ranges of trunk and arms shifted with speed. It is concluded that despite different propulsion styles, general and continuous adaptations to speed changes occurred, mainly by flexion of the trunk and arms.
Reproducibility of nine tests to measure spinal mobility and trunk muscle strength
Authors: Hyytiäinen K Salminen JJ
Published: August 2024

The reproducibility of nine back function tests suitable for use in the occupational health service was determined in 30 male employees. The correlation of three tests made with a tape measure--forward bending, modified Schober, and side bending--was high in both intra- and inter-observer comparisons (r = 0.82-0.96). Immediate repetition of the testing procedure improved the performance in the forward and side bending tests. The reproducibility was also good for the tests of dynamic (K = 0.57-0.78) and endurance (r = 0.90-0.96) strength of the abdominal muscles and quite good for the test of endurance strength of the back muscles (r = 0.74-0.80). The differences between the examiners must be taken into account in the modified Schober test, and in testing the flexibility of the hip flexors and hamstrings and the endurance strength of the back muscles.
Lung volumes in tetraplegic patients according to cervical spinal cord injury level
Authors: Anke A , Aksnes AK , Stanghelle JK , Hjeltnes N.
Published: August 2024

Fifty-six tetraplegic patients with motor complete lesions (Frankel A and B) underwent spirometric measurements more than 6 months after injury. The results were evaluated according to the level of transection of the cervical cord. A pronounced restrictive respiratory dysfunction was demonstrated in all patients. The expiratory reserve volume (ERV) was zero or markedly reduced in patients at all lesion levels. Systematic increases in both ERV and vital capacity (VC) were found with lower lesion level. The inspiratory capacity (IC) was reduced at all injury levels, but there were no systematic differences in IC between injury levels C4-C8. The total lung capacity (TLC) was reduced and the ratio residual volume/total lung capacity (RV/TLC) was increased in patients at all injury levels. The lung function of patients tested > 12 months after injury was not significantly different from the function in those tested 6-12 months after injury. A respiratory rehabilitation programme for tetraplegic patients should take into account the fact that the respiratory function, especially the forced expiration, is dependent upon injury level.
Lymphoedema post-mastectomy: is elevation alone an effective treatment?
Authors: Swedborg I , Norrefalk JR , Piller NB , Asard C.
Published: August 2024

In an attempt to obtain information about the efficacy of arm elevation on the reduction of lymphoedema following mastectomy, a study on 33 patients was carried out in which both the control, contralateral and lymphoedematous arms were elevated for periods of 1 and 5 h. There were statistically significant (p < 0.05) reductions in the volumes of the control and lymphoedematous arms after 1 and 5 h of elevation. After 1 h of elevation, significantly more fluid was removed from the control arm (2.7%) than the lymphoedematous one (1.3%). At 5 h there was no significant difference in the volume of fluid removed from the control arm (3.3%) compared with the lymphoedematous one (3.1%).
Validity of five common manual neck pain provoking tests
Authors: Sandmark H , Nisell R.
Published: August 2024

The purpose of the present study was to assess five manual tests for pain provocation of the neck to determine their suitability for epidemiological investigations. To 75 randomly selected men, five manual pain-provoking tests were applied in a single-blind design. Prevalence of reported neck dysfunction, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predicted value for each test were calculated. 22 of the 75 reported present neck pain, while the remainder reported freedom from neck pain for at least one year. Palpation over the facet joints in the cervical spine was found to be the most appropriate screening test to corroborate the replies in self-reported questionnaires on dysfunctions of the neck. The outcome of this test was quite consistent with the reported neck pain. The test of the formina intervertebralia and the upper limb tension test caused pain in almost all subjects with reported neck dysfunctions, though not causing referred pain in the arm as an indication of neurogenous tissue origin, as it was aimed to. Neither the neck rotation test nor the active flexion/extension test was sufficiently provocative to confirm the reported neck pain in these subjects, as both were insufficiently sensitive.
Rasch analysis of Visual Analog Scale measurements before and after treatment of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome in women
Authors: Thomeé R , Grimby G , Wright BD , Linacre JM.
Published: August 2024

The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) can be used to record subjectively experienced pain in different situations (items). By a mathematical method, the Rasch analysis, the original VAS recordings can be converted to an interval scale. Forty women with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) reported their pain on the VAS from 12 different situations (items) before and after 12 weeks of rehabilitation. The items recorded pain during the last 3 months, during provocation tests, and during activities such as walking up stairs, jumping and strength testing. It was concluded that the items used for the patients with PFPS were hierarchically ordered in a statistically equivalent manner before and after rehabilitation. Subjectively reported pain after 12 weeks of rehabilitation was significantly alleviated for 23 (58%) of the 40 patients, compared with before rehabilitation. The patients with PFPS did not use the VAS as a linear scale over the full range. Rasch analysis of recordings made with the VAS gave a more detailed pain assessment.
Knee extensor and flexor strength in elderly women after recent hip fracture: assessment by the Cybex 6000 dynamometer of intra-rater inter-test reliability
Authors: Madsen OR , Lauridsen UB.
Published: August 2024

The reliability of knee extensor and flexor strength measurements was assessed in 20 women (aged 68-88 years) who had experienced a hip fracture two to four weeks before but who were otherwise healthy. Using the Cybex 6000 isokinetic dynamometer, isokinetic knee extensor and flexor strength (peak torque, total work and power) at 30 and 120 degree/second and isometric knee extensor and flexor strength (peak torque) were measured by the same examiner in both legs, successively, on four separate days within one week. Compared with the non-involved leg, the median reduction in peak extensor and flexor torque of the involved leg was 50% (p
Micro- and macrocirculatory, and biohumoral changes after a month of physical exercise in patients with intermittent claudication
Authors: Pancera P , Prior M , Zannoni M , Lucchese L , De Marchi S , Arosio E.
Published: August 2024

We studied 15 subjects with intermittent claudication, classed as stage II according to Leriche-Fontaine. The patients were subjected to laser Doppler flowmetry, strain gauge plethysmography, Doppler velocimetry, and blood sampling, in basal conditions and after one month of physical training. Symptom-free walking distance at the end of the training period showed a significant increase, while there was no major change in maximal walking distance or the Windsor index. Laser Doppler flowmetry showed no significant change in cutaneous blood flow at rest, after the month of physical training. On the other hand, strain gauge plethysmography showed a significant decrease in rest flow at the end of the training period, while peak flow of postischemic hyperemia did not change appreciably. Biohumoral evaluations showed a significant decrease of white blood cell count, triglycerides and uric acid. Platelet count, prothrombin time, aPTT and plasminogen were unchanged. On the other hand, we recorded a small, but significant, rise of fibrinogen. Our study confirmed the importance of scheduled physical activity in the patient with intermittent claudication, showing that clinical improvement is not accompanied by an increase in the circulatory reserve. The unchanged levels of plasminogen suggest that the fibrinolytic activity does not vary significantly after a course of physical exercise.
Recovery of finger sensibility and somatosensory evoked potentials following digit-to-digit replantation in man
Authors: Chu NS.
Published: August 2024

Recovery of finger sensation and digital nerve function following digit-to-digit replantation was studied in 14 patients by clinical sensory evaluation and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) to digital nerve stimulation. The mean interval between injury and surgery was 8 +/- 3h; that between surgery and study was 25 +/- 7 months. Sensory examination revealed a mild hypersensitivity to cold. Pinprick, touch and hot sensations had nearly complete recovery, while vibration and two-point discrimination were impaired. In digital SEPs from the replanted side, the N9 component was present and normal in 8 patients (57%), whereas the N13 and N20 components had prolonged latency with normal central conduction time. Absence of the N9 component appeared to correlate with a more proximal level of injury and poor surgical outcome. The present data indicate that sensory recovery of the replanted digits was in general satisfactory but incomplete, and that over half of the patients had normal digital nerve conduction.
Disability and quality of life in individuals with muscular dystrophy
Authors: Ahlström G , Gunnarsson LG.
Published: August 2024

In the county of Orebro, Sweden, 32 individuals with myotonic disorders and 25 with other types of muscular dystrophy were examined. Disability was assessed with functional tests and standardized observations of muscle function (mainly based on those proposed by Dr. Brooke), a new self-administered questionnaire regarding the Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and the ADL staircase (based on Katz ADL index). The results of the different tests of disability were highly correlated. The Sickness Impact Profile and the Kaasa test were used for assessing the quality of life, and no significant differences were found between the groups of muscular dystrophy. In an explanatory factor analysis three main factors of disability were found. The factors "walk and move" and "finger function" were fair to good associated with the quality of life. This study offers an approach for research on the consequences of muscular dystrophy using established as well as new methods.
Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on H-reflex and spinal spasticity
Authors: Goulet C , Arsenault AB , Bourbonnais D , Laramée MT , Lepage Y.
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS; 99 Hz; 250 ms pulses) on H-reflex and spinal spasticity. Considering the reflex hyperexcitability commonly displayed in spinal cord-injured subjects, it was hypothesized that repetitive low threshold afferent stimulation would have an inhibitory effect on the triceps surae H-reflexes which could also be reflected by a decrease in plantarflexor spasticity. Clonus, Achilles tendon reflex and modified Ashworth evaluations were performed on 14 spinal cord-injured subjects prior to and after 30 minutes' application of TENS. Non-parametric statistical analyses (n = 14; alpha = 0.05) failed to reveal significant effects of TENS on H-reflex amplitude. However, there was a significant decrease in scores for the Achilles tendon reflex and the modified Ashworth test. The clonus score decreased in most subjects post-TENS, although not in a statistically significant manner. The present pilot results thus suggest that TENS appears to be effective in reducing spinal spasticity, as measured clinically.