bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Studi Kelayakan Lokasi Budidaya Pembenihan di Desa Buko Poso, Mesuji, Lampung
Authors: Nurussalam Wildan , Nirmala Kukuh , Retnosari Retnosari
Published: December 2024

Buko Poso Village located in Way Serdang District, Mesuji Regency has a fairly good quantity and quality of water, but this potential has not been utilized for aquaculture activities. The purpose of this study is to analyze the feasibility of the location in Buko Poso Village, Mesuji, Lampung as a location for aquaculture activities. Field observation activities include direct (in situ) and indirect (ex situ) water quality measurements at four different locations, soil sampling, mapping using GPS and drones, market price surveys. Topographic map depicts Buko Poso Village included in the lowland area with a research area of 4.9 ha. The results of data analysis on water quality using the scoring method show that Buko Poso Village tends to be in class S3 (slightly appropriate), meaning that it has serious limiting factors so that to improve water quality, special treatment is needed. The soil condition in Buko Poso Village is mostly clay textured. Commodities that are suitable for cultivation include baung fish, jelawat fish, belida fish, snakehead fish, and tilapia which have a fairly high economic value.
Efektivitas Penambahan Molase dan Sari Tebu Sebagai Sumber Karbohidrat Terhadap Kelimpahan Plankton dan Performa Ikan Nila (Oreochromis nIloticus) Dalam Sistem Bioflok
Authors: Chairunisa Triyana , Sukarti Komsanah , Almady Ismail Fahmy , Pagoray Henny , Nikhlani Andi , Fitriyana Fitriyana
Published: December 2024

The current concept of aquaculture technology development prioritizes zero waste discharge fish/shrimp production systems through an in situ biofiltration process to maintain water quality and recycle aquaculture waste into a highly nutritious supplementary feed source. This study aims to 1) Analyze the abundance, diversity, and dominance of plakton in tilapia rearing tanks of biofloc system with the addition of molasses and sugarcane juice as carbohydrate sources, 2) Analyzing the growth rate of tilapia specifications, weight growth, and length of tilapia (O.niloticus) in biofloc systems treated with the addition of molasses and sugarcane juice as a carbohydrate source. This study used the t-student test with a confidence level of 95%, with 2 treatments namely; P1 giving molasses; P2 giving sugarcane juice. The results showed that the addition of different carbohydrate sources in tilapia enlargement resulted in the highest tilapia weight growth in the P1 treatment with the addition of molasses has an average value of 32.97 g. P2 treatment with the addition of sugar cane juice has an average value of 24.55 g. In length growth has the highest average value in the P1 treatment given the addition of molasses which is 2.37 cm while for P2 with sugar cane juice treatment has a value of 2.27cm. The specific growth rate of tilapia was highest in the P2 treatment with an average value of 1.79% / day, while the P1 treatment had an average value of 1.51% / day. From the results of statistical analysis on weight growth and specific growth of tilapia significantly different but not significantly different from the growth of tilapia length. Plankton abundance in this study showed differences in each treatment, the results of observations from research for 30 days found data that the treatment of molasses has a plankton abundance value of 3780 individual plankton / l while for the treatment of sugar cane juice has a value of 2772 individual plankton / l. The conclusion of this study is the abundance of plankton in the fish tank. The conclusion of this study is that the abundance of plankton in the molasses pond treatment shows more diverse results and a higher abundance index compared to the sugar cane juice treatment, so the molasses-treated pond shows more fertile waters than the sugar cane juice treatment. Then for the growth of length and weight of tilapia given additional molasses showed better results than sugar cane juice, due to the addition of molasses can accelerate the growth of tilapia
Pemberian Pakan Kombinasi Tepung Maggot BSF (Hermetia illuens) dan Tepung Daun Tarum (Indigofera sp) Bagi Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepinus B)
Authors: Syahrizal Syahrizal , Yulfiperius Yulfiperius , Ghofur Muarofah , Safratilofa Safratilofa , Novianti Vera
Published: December 2024

Quality feed is a determining factor of production in fish farming.This study aims to determine and analyse the best feed formulation combination of  Meggot Meal Black Soldier Fly (BSF), Hermetia illuens, and Tarum (Indigofera sp) leaf flour  for catfish (Clarias gariepinus B). The treatments in this study were Treatment A. MMB 80% (Maggot Meal Bsf 80%), Treatment B. MMB 60%+TF I20% (Maggot Meal Bsf 60% + Tarum Flour 20%), Treatment C.MMB 40%+TF40% (Maggot Meal Bsf 40% + Tarum Flour 40%), Treatment D.MMB 20%+TF 60% (Maggot Meal BSF 20% + Tarum Flour 60%). There were 12 aquarium containers measuring 50 x 40 x 30 cm. Data were analysed using SPSS 16. The results of parameter analysis of each observation of the test variables gave a significantly different effect (P < 0.05). The best average growth was A. MMB 80% (9.42 grams), followed by B. MMB 60%+TF 20% (7.95 grams), C. MMB 40%+TF 40% (7.36 grams) and D. MMB 40%+TF 40% (7.36 grams). MMB 20%+TF 60% (6.46 grams). The best absolute weight was also in treatment A (6.47±0.22 grams), followed by B (4.91±0.28 grams), C (4.44±0.64 grams) and D (3.81±1.18 grams). For the best length B. (3.67±0.15 cm) and A (2.49±0.14 cm), followed by C (1.74±0.17 cm), D. (1.45±0.18 cm). FC (Best survival in B. (95.55%) and A. (94.44%), respectively C. (77.77%), D. (37.77%). FCR (Feed Convertion Ratio) 1.56±0.12 and EPP (Feed Utilisation Efficiency) 54.88%±3.94 were best and lowest in D. FCR (2.48±0.34) and EPP (6.16%±8.90). Water quality was still in optimal condition for the maintenance of dumbo catfish (Clarias gariepinus B) found temperature 27.91-28.06 oC, pH 7.75- 7.63, DO 6.33-6.51 mg/l, and ammonia 0.550.71 mg/l.
Supply Chain Management Ayam Potong Ud Budi di Desa Dauh Puri Kaja Denpasar
Authors: Yudiarini Nyoman , Pratiwi Luh Putu Kirana , Amaral Ni Putu Anglila
Published: December 2024

The high demand for broiler chickens has promising prospects for development. In 2023, broiler chicken production is projected to reach 5.8 million/ton/year, while chicken meat consumption is estimated to reach 7.46 kg/capita/year. Indonesia is actively trying to increase livestock productivity in an effort to meet the nutritional needs of the community. The main objective of this research is to analyze supply chain management and the level of efficiency of the broiler chicken supply chain implemented by UD Budi. The research methodology includes descriptive analysis and examination of marketing efficiency. Research findings reveal that broiler chicken supply chain management has three streams. The product flow moves downstream, starting from the supplier at the slaughterhouse and ending with the final consumer of the chicken. On the other hand, financial flows move upstream, namely flowing from consumers back to producers (RPH). The flow of information is reciprocal and occurs in each link of the chain. Among the various marketing channels, the level I marketing channel (Producer (Slaughterhouse) â€“ Wholesaler (UD Budi) â€“ Consumer) shows the highest efficiency, with an efficiency value of 3.13%.Â Keywords:Â Broiler Chickens, Marketing Efficiency, Supply Chain
The Effect of Labor, Capital and Land Area on Rice Farming Production in Bajeng District, Gowa Regency
Authors: Asriadi Andi Amran , Firmansyah Firmansyah , Husain Nailah
Published: December 2024

Rice farming is an agricultural activity with plant raw materials that are used for food, which is usually synonymous with smallholder agriculture. Then farmers harvest rice in part to get income. This research was conducted on rice farming in Bajeng District, Gowa Regency. The objectives of this study were 1) to determine the effect of labor, capital and land simultaneously on rice production in Bajeng District, Gowa Regency, 2). to determine the partial effect of labor, capital and land on rice production in Bajeng District, Gowa Regency. The sampling method used in this research is Slovin, the sampling technique used in this research is simple random sampling. The total population of 200 people is taken 15-20% accuracy and if the population is less than 40 farmers. This study uses descriptive and quantitative analysis. The results of the analysis showed the regression coefficient value of each independent variable of rice farming in Bajeng District, Gowa Regency, namely. The variables of labor (TK) and land area (LL) have a positive effect on rice income, while capital (M) has a negative effect on the income of rice farmers. The results of hypothesis testing show that labor and land together have a significant effect on the production of paddy rice. Capital variable has no significant effect on paddy production. While the variables of labor, capital and land partially affect rice paddy production, it can be seen from the results of the t test that there is no influence between rice paddy production. Decision making is done by looking at the importance value. In general, testing regression results is based on a 95% confidence level or a significance level of 5% (Î± = 0.05)
Pengaruh Produk dan Jasa Agrowisata Serta Teknologi Digital Terhadap Pendapatan Dan Kesejahteraan Petani Nanas Desa Tangkit Baru Kecamatan Sungai Gelam Kabupaten Muaro Jambi
Authors: Damhudi Dedi , Suandi Suandi , Wahyuni Ira
Published: December 2024

Agrotourism is an integration of two sectors that support each other holistically, namely the agricultural sector and the tourism sector. It is hoped that by designating a location as agrotourism, regional original income (PAD) will increase, which will be accompanied by an increase in the income of local farmers. Through agrotourism, pineapple gardens are able to make a good contribution to the economy of Tangkit Baru Village, more specifically, pineapple farming income. The aim of this research is to (1). find out the picture of pineapple plantation agrotourism, (2). to determine the level of farmer income and (3) to analyze the factors of agrotourism products and services as well as digital technology that influence the income of pineapple farmers in Tangkit Baru Village. Quantitative research analysis method using the SEM-PLS technique with a sample size of 99 people. The results of the research show that the income level of agrotourism pineapple farmers in Tangkit Baru Village is categorized as high with a monthly income greater than the 2024 Jambi Province UMP, and the community is also on average prosperous as seen from indicators of the level of fulfillment of basic needs, social needs and development needs. Agrotourism products and digital technology has a real significant effect on the income of agrotourism farmers, while agrotourism services have an influence but not significant on the income of agrotourism farmers, because income from agrotourism services is only collected individually, there is no standard governance and rules at agrotourism locations, especially parking services.
РЕКОМЕНДАЦІЇ ЩОДО ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ ОЗБРОЄННЯ ТА ВІЙСЬКОВОЇ ТЕХНІКИ УГРУПОВАННЯ ЗЕНІТНИХ РАКЕТНИХ ВІЙСЬК
Authors: Глоба Олександр , Мельниченко Василь , Скиба Андрій
Published: December 2024

Досвід застосування військових частин і підрозділів ЗРВ у складі угруповань ЗРВ свідчить про те, що рівень відновлення ОВТ не задовольняє існуючим потребам війни. Це підкреслює актуальність пошуку шляхів підвищення ефективності відновлення ОВТ вже сьогодні. Метою статті є відображення результатів дослідження ефективності відновлення ОВТ в угрупованні ЗРВ змішаного складу та надання рекомендацій щодо підвищення ефективності відновлення під час виконання завдань з ППО в зоні ведення бойових дій.
Під час оцінювання ефективності відновлення ОВТ, були враховані наступні внутрішні фактори: кількісний склад та кваліфікація ремонтного персоналу, наявність ефективної інформаційної підтримки при виконанні складних технологічних операцій ремонту, забезпеченість інструментами та матеріалами, необхідними для проведення ремонту. Стаття може бути корисною для фахівців ЗРВ, а також всіх осіб, зацікавлених питаннями відновлення ОВТ в сучасних умовах ведення бойових дій.
EVALUASI PENGGUNAAN PREFABRICATED VERTICAL DRAIN (PVD) PADA TANAH YANG MEMILIKI KARAKTERISTIK LUNAK
Authors: Darmawan Angga , Sutrisno Widarto , Faylani Leo
Published: December 2024

Penurunan tanah yang terjadi pada suatu area konstruksi merupakan tantangan yang harus diselesaikan dalam perencanaan sebelum dilakukan suatu konstruksi. Setiap jenis tanah memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda sehingga penanganannya juga harus disesuaikan. Pada lokasi yang dilakukan penelitian, jenis tanah yang ada adalah tanah lunak dengan material pembangunnya yang sudah tidak baik untuk dijadikan area konstruksi karena terjadi amblasan. Penggunaan Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) pada tanah lunak telah menjadi solusi yang efektif dalam mempercepat proses konsolidasi tanah dan mengurangi risiko penurunan yang berlebihan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas penggunaan PVD pada tanah lunak melalui analisis data lapangan yang diperoleh dari suatu kegiatan konstruksi. Metodologi penelitian melibatkan studi kasus di area dengan kondisi tanah lunak, pemasangan PVD dengan pola tertentu, serta pengukuran penurunan tanah sebelum dan sesudah pemasangan PVD. Akan tetapi, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tahap sebelumnya yang telah dilakukan pemasangan PVD dan penimbunan tahap 1, penurunan tanah yang terjadi belum secara signifikan teratasi. Dengan penurunan tanah yang masih bisa diizinkan maksimal 1,85 meter, pada area tersebut masih mengalami penurunan tanah hingga 1,75 meter. Selanjutnya, dilakukan penimbunan tahap 2 namun penurunan tanah yang terjadi belum teratasi serta penurunan yang terjadi semakin dalam, yaitu sebesar 4,35 meter. Hal ini mungkin disebabkan oleh terjadinya kerusakan platform konstruksi dan PVD akibat amblasan yang terjadi terlalu dalam, dengan keseluruhan mencapai 6,064 meter setelah dilakukan pemadatan (preloading) hingga 3 tahap. Dengan demikian, penggunaan PVD bukan berarti tidak menjadi solusi namun terjadinya faktor lain seperti kondisi tanah yang sudah terlalu cacat.
Post-covid syndrome as a dysfunctional pain disorder: current data
Authors: Aronova E. S. , Belov B. S. , Gridneva G. I.
Published: December 2024

The concept of post-COVID syndrome (PCS) as an independent nosological entity underlies the search for criteria for establishing this diagnosis. To date, there is an idea of two clinical phenotypes of the post-COVID state, occurring with different pathogenetic mechanisms. One of them is probably the consequences of damage to organs and systems and / or iatrogenic factors suffered during COVID-19. The pathogenesis of the other is not entirely clear, and the clinical manifestations are like those of a number of dysfunctional pain disorders, such as fibromyalgia (FM) and chronic fatigue syndrome / myalgic encephalomyelitis. The article is devoted to the analysis of literary data indicating the similarity of PCS and FM. The need to revise the diagnostic criteria for PCS is substantiated.
Hypovitaminosis of vitamin D in patients with gout (data from a pilot study)
Authors: Eliseev M. S. , Zhelyabina O. V. , Kuzmina Ya. I. , Chikina M. N. , Panina E. V. , Salyanova E. P.
Published: December 2024

The relationship between serum levels of vitamin D and uric acid (UA) in the blood may be bidirectional, yet remains unexplored in patients with gout.

   The aim of this study was to identify the association between serum levels of UA and vitamin D deficiency in patients with gout.

   Materials and Methods. This single-center observational study included 79 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of gout (72 [91.1 %] men and 7 [8.9 %] women) who were not receiving urate-lowering therapy (ULT). All patients underwent evaluation of uric acid (UA), vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, C-reactive protein (СRP), creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and serum calcium levels, alongside calculating the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The levels of vitamin D and the frequency of vitamin D deficiency were compared across groups with different levels of UA in blood (quartiles): <426 µmol/L, 427 to 479 µmol/L, 480 to 540 µmol/L, and ≥ 540 µmol/L.

   Results. The mean level of vitamin D was below the normal reference values, at 22 (17–27) ng/mL (Median). Among the patients, 63 (80 %) exhibited vitamin D levels indicative of deficiency (< 30 ng/mL). A moderate correlation was found between vitamin D levels and serum calcium (ρ = 0.343, p = 0.002), while weak correlations were also noted between vitamin D levels and CRP (ρ = –0.204, p = 0.071) as well as parathyroid hormone (ρ = –0.216, p = 0.056). The levels of uric acid were categorized into quartiles: < 426 µmol/L, 427 to 479 µmol/L, 480 to 540 µmol/L, and ≥ 540 µmol/L. The analysis of vitamin D levels among different quartiles of UA revealed no significant relationship (p = 0.672).

   Conclusions. Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in the majority of patients with gout (80 %); however, the severity of hyperuricemia is not associated with serum vitamin D levels. Further investigations are required to identify the causes of the high frequency of vitamin D deficiency in patients with gout.
Myeloma in real clinical practice
Authors: Tikhomirova N. Yu. , Eliseeva L. N. , Belozerova N. P. , Kameneva E. S. , Bocharnikova M. I.
Published: December 2024

Multiple myeloma (MM) has a large number of nonspecific clinical manifestations, which also include manifestations from the bone system. MM is more common mainly in people over 50 years of age. In this age period, patients often seek medical help due to the development of degenerative-dystrophic changes in the musculoskeletal system (osteochondrosis), which can mask early clinical stigmata of MM. The prognosis for MM depends on the stage of the process at the time of diagnosis. Patients with stage I can live for many years without any treatment, while patients with stage III renal complications do not live long. Currently, advances in pharmacotherapy can improve patient survival. In this regard, the issue of early diagnosis of this condition comes to the fore. The proposed clinical observation considers the interpretation of individual clinical signs that allow MM to be suspected in patients with degenerative-dystrophic spinal disease. Thus, the clinical case we observed is interesting not only from the point of view of the importance of the clinical diagnosis, but also the timeliness of the start of treatment, which largely determines the prognosis of the disease.
Respiratory system involvement in rheumatic diseases: literature analysis and original data
Authors: Kalinina E. V. , Goloskova V. P. , Babaeva A. R.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the data of current publications on the problem of respiratory lesions in immune-mediated inflammatory rheumatic diseases and the results of our own studies on the frequency and spectrum of bronchopulmonary pathology in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), systemic connective tissue diseases, and ANCA vasculitis. Respiratory system lesions are detected in 24.5–70.2 % of patients with inflammatory RD according to different authors. Interstitial lung diseases, pulmonary fibrosis, and bronchial obstruction prevail in the structure of respiratory disorders. Polymorphism of pulmonary manifestations of RD includes pulmonary hypertension, which is recorded in more than a third of patients with systemic connective tissue diseases. As our own clinical data showed, respiratory lesions occurred in 33 people (27.5 %) out of 120 patients with immune-mediated inflammatory RD. The leading form of damage was interstitial pneumonia and interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Among the patients with determined lung involvement were individuals with RA, SSc, ANCA vasculitis, AS and Sjogren's disease. The article presents a clinical case of the interstitial pneumonia in a patient with RA. The contribution of uncontrolled rheumatoid inflammation and disease-modifying therapy to the manifestation of pulmonary involvement is discussed. The positive effect of IL-6 inhibitor in abolishing RA activity and pulmonary lesion is shown.
Loan repayment performance on cotton out grower scheme. Case of Mashonaland West Province in Zimbabwe
Authors: Mvura Brendon , Mafuse Never
Published: December 2024

Improving cotton production is undoubtedly one of the greatest challenges facing the Zimbabwean government today. Since cotton is an important cash crop for the country and for individual households, it has important implications for livelihoods of rural people. In order to achieve this, several interventions in the sector are done in an attempt to improve production. Some of the strategies include financing the out grower cotton schemes through private players. However, rural farmers are experiencing challenges in loan repayment to lending organizations. Poor loan repayment performance had become a norm amongst the out grower farmers and has resulted in institutional failure in the implementation of correct measures and credit policies by the merchants. The study therefore examined factors affecting the poor performance of cotton farmers in loan repayment. A total of 400 respondents were administered with structured questionnaires to provide the relevant information. The information was gathered from respondents in Sanyati District using the multistage sampling technique. A two limit Tobit regression model was applied to analyze the socio-economic factors that influenced loan repayment performance by cotton out grower farmers and the multinomial logistic model was also used to analyze factors that influence loan defaulting among cotton out grower farmers. The results show that farmers did not receive their loans on time and also there was no loan supervision for grower farmers. Two limit Tobit model shows that 5 out of 14 variables included in the model were statistically significant at 5% significance. The variables include other loans due, household size, land size and farming experience. It is concluded that, there is serious poor loan repayment performance among cotton out grower farmers in the study area, which discourages private companies in extending credit facilities to cotton farmers.
Insights into polyethylene biodegradative fingerprint of Pseudomonas citronellolis E5 and Rhodococcus erythropolis D4 by phenotypic and genome-based comparative analyses
Authors: Zampolli Jessica , Collina Elena , Lasagni Marina , Di Gennaro Patrizia
Published: December 2024

Polyethylene (PE) is the most-produced polyolefin, and consequently, it is the most widely found plastic waste worldwide. PE biodegradation is under study by applying different (micro)organisms in order to understand the biodegradative mechanism in the majority of microbes. This study aims to identify novel bacterial species with compelling metabolic potential and strategic genetic repertoires for PE biodegradation. Pseudomonas citronellolis E5 is newly isolated from solid organic waste contaminated with plastic debris, and Rhodococcus erythropolis D4 was selected for its promising potential in biodegradable plastic determined by its genetic repertoire. P. citronellolis E5 was selected for its ability to grow on PE as the only carbon and energy source. Meaningful extracellular secreted laccase activity was also characterized for D4 during growth on PE (E5 and D4 strains have a laccase activity of (2 ± 1)×10–3 U mg−1 and (3 ± 1)×10–3 U mg−1, respectively). Despite the highest level of cell numbers recorded at 7 days of growth on PE for both strains, the patterns of the metabolic products obtained and degraded during 60 days on PE were dissimilar in the two bacteria at different sampling times. However, they mainly produced metabolites belonging to carboxylic acids and alkanes with varying numbers of carbons in the aliphatic chains. Whole-genome sequence analyses of P. citronellolis E5 compared to R. erythropolis D4 and genetic determinant prediction (by gene annotation and multiple sequence alignment with reference gene products) have been performed, providing a list of 16 and 42 gene products putatively related to different metabolic steps of PE biodegradation. Altogether, these results support insights into PE biodegradation by bacteria of the Pseudomonas and Rhodococcus genera from metabolic and genetic perspectives as a base to build up novel biotechnological platforms.
MLPhishChain: a machine learning-based blockchain framework for reducing phishing threats
Authors: Trad Fouad , Semaan-Nasr Elie , Chehab Ali
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Phishing attacks pose a significant threat to online security by deceiving users into divulging sensitive information through fraudulent websites. Traditional anti-phishing approaches are centralized and reactive, exhibiting critical limitations such as delayed detection, poor adaptability to evolving threats, susceptibility to data tampering, and lack of transparency.

Methods

This paper presents MLPhishChain, a decentralized application (DApp) that integrates blockchain technology with machine learning (ML) to provide a proactive and transparent solution for URL verification. Users can submit URLs for automated phishing analysis via an ML model, with each URL’s status securely recorded on an immutable blockchain ledger. To address the dynamic nature of phishing threats, MLPhishChain features a re-evaluation mechanism, enabling users to request updated assessments as URLs and website content evolve. Additionally, the system incorporates data from external security services (e.g., VirusTotal) to offer a multi-source validation of phishing risk, enhancing user confidence and decision-making.

Results

The system was built using Ganache and Truffle, and performance metrics were computed to evaluate its efficacy in terms of latency, scalability, and resource consumption. Results indicate that the proposed system achieves rapid URL verification with low latency, scales effectively to handle increasing user submissions, and optimizes resource usage.

Discussion

By leveraging the strengths of decentralized blockchain technology and intelligent ML algorithms, MLPhishChain addresses the shortcomings of traditional anti-phishing methods. It delivers a reliable and adaptable solution capable of addressing the evolving nature of phishing threats. This approach establishes a new standard in phishing detection, characterized by enhanced transparency, resilience, and adaptability.
Construction and validation of coronary heart disease risk prediction model for general hospitals in Tacheng Prefecture, Xinjiang, China
Authors: Xu Yikang , Ma Jingru , Yang Yang , Liu Limin , Zhao Xinran , Wang Yu , Mijiti Alimu , Cheng Qiangru , Ma Jun
Published: December 2024

Objective

To analyze the risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) in patients hospitalized in general hospitals in the Tacheng Prefecture, Xinjiang, and to construct and verify the nomogram prediction model for the risk of CHD.

Methods

From June 2022 to June 2023, 489 CHD patients (CHD group) and 520 non-CHD individuals (control group) in Tacheng, Xinjiang, were retrospectively selected. Using a 7:3 ratio, patients were divided into a training group (706 cases) and a validation group (303 cases). General clinical data were compared, and key variables were screened using logistic regression (AIC). A CHD risk nomogram for Tacheng was constructed. Model performance was assessed using ROC AUC, calibration curves, and DCA.

Results

In the training group, non-Han Chinese (OR = 2.93, 95% CI: 2.0–4.3), male (OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.0–2.7), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.2–2.9), hyperlipidemia (OR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.7–3.5), smoking (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.0–2.6), diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.1–2.4), stroke (OR = 2.39, 95% CI: 1.6–3.7), older age (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.1–1.2), and larger waist circumference (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.0–1.1) were the risk factors for coronary heart disease (all P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the work characteristics of the subjects in the training group and the validation group were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.8–0.8) and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.8–0.9), respectively. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test indicated P = 0.325 for the training group and P = 0.130 for the validation group, with calibration curves closely fitting the ideal curve. The predicted values aligned well with actual values, and decision curve analysis results suggest that the model offers a net clinical benefit.

Conclusion

The CHD risk prediction model developed in this study for general hospitals in Tacheng Prefecture, Xinjiang, demonstrates strong predictive performance and serves as a simple, user-friendly, cost-effective tool for medical personnel to identify high-risk groups for CHD.
FSH/LH co-stimulation in Advanced Maternal Age (AMA) and hypo-responder patients – Arabian gulf delphi consensus group
Authors: Awwad Johnny , Peramo Braulio , Elgeyoushi Bohaira , Melado Laura , Salame Anastasia , Chawla Monika , Jibrel Salam , Detho Sajida , Al Rumaih Hazem , Tomsu Mustapha , Fahim Khaled , Abd-ElGawad Mohamed , Fouad Alaa , Humaidan Peter
Published: December 2024

Background

In a global effort to assess expert perspectives on the use of recombinant gonadotropins, recombinant human luteinizing hormone (r-hLH) and recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone (r-hFSH), a consensus meeting was held in Dubai. The key aim was to address three critical questions: What are the factors that influence follicle response to gonadotropins? Which categories of patients are most likely to benefit from LH supplementation? And what are the optimal management strategies for these patients?

Methods

A panel of thirty-six experts reviewed and refined the initial statements and references proposed by the Scientific Coordinator. Consensus was defined as agreement or disagreement by more than two-thirds (66%) of the panel members for each statement.

Results

Thirty-five statements were formulated, of which thirty-one reached consensus. For patients with Hypo-Response to Gonadotropin Stimulation (20 statements), all identified risk factors, including advanced age, high BMI, and chronic conditions, achieved unanimous agreement. Diagnostic approaches, such as the inclusion of POSEIDON criteria and hormone level monitoring, were endorsed by the majority, with over 90% agreement. Management strategies, particularly individualized stimulation protocols and optimized scheduling, garnered broad consensus, with only one statement falling short of the threshold. Additionally, in cases of severe FSH and LH deficiency, combining r-hFSH with r-hLH was found to improve pregnancy rates and cost efficiency compared to human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG). For patients with Advanced Maternal Age (AMA) (15 statements), there was strong agreement on the use of oral contraceptive pills and estrogen priming. Recommendations concerning antagonist protocols and dosing of r-hLH and r-hFSH also achieved high levels of consensus. Significant agreement supported r-hLH supplementation and a tailored approach to luteal phase support. However, there were mixed opinions on the route of progesterone administration, with some experts expressing neutral or disagreeing views. Despite these differences, unanimous consensus was reached on markers of treatment success, particularly live birth rates, pregnancy rates, and embryo development, underscoring the importance of these outcomes in evaluating treatment efficacy.

Conclusion

This consensus provides a practical clinical perspective to a wide range of global professionals on the strategies employed during key phases of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) treatment. To further improve outcomes, incorporating additional clinical insights on ART approaches, alongside existing guidelines and policies, may offer valuable guidance for optimizing patient care.
Enhancing mental health literacy and care through community-driven solutions in rural Bangladesh
Authors: Afreen Ryan , Surya Sanjna L. , Jara Tasnim , Islam Ima , Parvin Rahana , Ferdousuzzaman S. M. , Salah Uddin Masum , Ahmed Nahreen
Published: December 2024

Women in rural Bangladesh encounter significant barriers to seeking mental healthcare, primarily due to stigmatization rooted in a lack of knowledge about mental health. To address this issue, community-based participatory research (CBPR) has been identified as a promising approach. CBPR involves the active collaboration of community members and stakeholders in the research process to tackle pressing community issues. This study examines the application of CBPR to enhance mental health awareness and education among women. The program described in this study leverages local technology centers and community health workers to boost participation in improving access to equitable mental healthcare and increasing health literacy. Implemented across three rural districts in Bangladesh, the program began with a needs assessment survey to evaluate participants' knowledge, experiences, and stigmatization of psychological conditions such as depression, anxiety, psychosis, suicide, and postpartum depression. This survey assessed baseline knowledge, personal experiences, and the perceived impact of mental wellness as a community issue. Additionally, five focus group discussions were conducted at local tech hubs with trained community health workers to explore participants' perceptions and attitudes toward mental health. These discussions highlighted the role of medical misinformation, the shortage of professionals, and other factors contributing to mental health stigmatization. The study's second phase would focus on developing digital medical content for screening at tech hubs, followed by live Q&A sessions with Bangladeshi health experts. This initiative aims to familiarize women with user-friendly telehealth services, fostering healthcare literacy and improving well-being in rural Bangladesh.
Case report: Microsatellite instability-high pancreas adenosquamous carcinoma with postoperative liver metastasis recurrence treated with multimodality therapy achieving complete pathological response
Authors: Liu Qinghua , Li Ruoyun , Zhu Wei , Zheng Pengfei
Published: December 2024

Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma (PASC) is a rare subtype of pancreatic cancer (PC), with no established consensus on the optimal treatment for postoperative liver metastasis recurrence. We report a case of a 48-year-old male patient who underwent radical surgery and was pathologically diagnosed with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) PASC. The patient experienced liver metastasis recurrence following single-agent gemcitabine adjuvant chemotherapy. After one session of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and epirubicin, followed by six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel combined with sintilimab immunotherapy and bevacizumab targeted therapy, complete pathological regression of the liver metastasis was achieved. The patient has now reached a 24-month survival period and continues to be monitored at our center. This case illustrates the promise of the proposed treatment regimen, highlighting the significant potential of multimodality strategies in managing metastatic recurrence of MSI-H PASC.
Picolinate-mediated immunomodulation: insights from Mendelian randomization on the role of NK cell percentage in the pathogenesis of lichen planus
Authors: Cao Jianye , Du Tiantao , Li Jian , Chen Baiyu , Xie Xianting , Zhang Guoshu , Feng Jia , Xu Tao
Published: December 2024

Background

Lichen planus (LP), an autoimmune disorder, remains incompletely understood in terms of its etiological mechanisms. This study aims to elucidate causal relationships among immune cell populations, plasma metabolites, and lichen planus using Mendelian randomization (MR) techniques.

Methods

Employing a two-sample, two-step MR approach, with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) serving as genetic instruments for both exposures and mediators, this study minimizes biases from confounding and reverse causality. Leveraging summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) involving 731 immune cell traits (N = 3757), 1091 plasma metabolite traits (N = 8299), and lichen planus (N = 367668), inverse variance weighting (IVW) is adopted as the primary MR analytical method. The total effect of immune cells traits on LP is decomposed into direct and indirect effects mediated by plasma metabolites.

Results

MR analysis reveals causal associations for 28 immune cell traits and 38 plasma metabolites with LP (PIVW < 0.05). Specifically, NK % lymphocyte shows a negatively correlated causal effect with LP (ORIVW = 0.952; 95% CI: [0.910, 0.995], PIVW= 0.030). Among mediators, Picolinate significantly contributes, explaining 16.4% (95% CI: [28.3%, 4.54%]) of the association between NK % lymphocyte and LP.

Conclusion

These findings support a potential protective causal effect of NK % lymphocyte on LP, partially mediated by Picolinate levels. Thus, interventions targeting Picolinate levels may mitigate LP burden attributed to low NK % lymphocyte counts. This study provides new evidence and insights into the pathogenesis of lichen planus, advancing our understanding of its underlying mechanisms.
Targeting T cell exhaustion: emerging strategies in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Xianqiang , Xi Xiaowei , Xu Shengshan , Chu Hongyu , Hu Penghui , Li Dong , Zhang Bin , Liu Hejie , Jiang Tianxiao , Lu Zhuming
Published: December 2024

Lung cancer continues to be a major contributor to cancer-related deaths globally. Recent advances in immunotherapy have introduced promising treatments targeting T cell functionality. Central to the efficacy of these therapies is the role of T cells, which are often rendered dysfunctional due to continuous antigenic stimulation in the tumor microenvironment–a condition referred to as T cell exhaustion. This review addresses the critical challenge of T cell exhaustion in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), offering a detailed examination of its molecular underpinnings and the resultant therapeutic ineffectiveness. We synthesize current knowledge on the drivers of T cell exhaustion, evaluate emerging strategies for its reversal, and explore the potential impact of these insights for enhancing the clinical efficacy of immunotherapies. By consolidating reported clinical trials and preclinical studies, this article highlights innovative approaches to modulate immune responses and improve patient outcomes, thus providing a roadmap for future research and therapeutic development in lung cancer immunotherapy.
Prognostic significance of early alpha fetoprotein and des-gamma carboxy prothrombin responses in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing triple combination therapy
Authors: Zhang Teng , Li Wengang , Chen Qian , He Weiping , Sun Jing , Li Dong , Wang Quan , Duan Xuezhang
Published: December 2024

Background

Recent advancements in combination therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) have shown promise, but reliable serological prognostic indicators are currently lacking for patients undergoing triple combination therapy of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), immunotherapy, and targeted therapy. We aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of early alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) responses in these patients.

Methods

This retrospective research included 115 uHCC patients treated with SBRT in combination with immunotherapy and targeted therapy (triple therapy) at our institution from April 2021 to December 2022. Participants were categorized into high AFP and high DCP cohorts based on baseline levels. AFP and DCP responses were defined as decreases from baseline of over 50% and 70%, respectively, according to ROC curve analysis. Differences in overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and objective response rate (ORR) were assessed between the tumor biomarker response and non-response groups.

Results

Multivariate analysis indicated that AFP or DCP response at 6-8 weeks post-therapy significantly influenced ORR (high AFP cohort: odds ratio [OR] 5.50, 95% CI 2.04-14.83, p=0.001; high DCP cohort: OR 7.99, 95%CI 2.82-22.60, p<0.001). The median PFS was notably longer in tumor biomarker response groups (high AFP cohort: 13.7 vs 6.2 months, hazard ratio [HR] 0.36, 95% CI 0.20-0.62, p<0.001; high DCP cohort: 15.6 vs 9.3 months, HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.26-0.74, p=0.002). AFP or DCP response was associated with prolonged OS (high AFP cohort: not reached vs. 21.9 months, HR 0.47, 95% CI 0.22-0.99, p=0.047; high DCP cohort: not reached vs. 20.6 months, HR 0.35, 95% CI 0.14-0.86, p=0.022).

Conclusion

AFP or DCP response at 6-8 weeks post-therapy predicts better oncological outcomes in patients with uHCC treated with triple therapy.
Immune imbalance in Lupus Nephritis: The intersection of T-Cell and ferroptosis
Authors: Fan Yunhe , Ma Kuai , Lin Yumeng , Ren Junyi , Peng Haoyu , Yuan Lan , Nasser Moussa Ide , Jiang Xuan , Wang Ke
Published: December 2024

Ferroptosis is a novel form of cell death characterized by unlimited accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides. It is often accompanied by disease, and the relationship between ferroptosis of immune cells and immune regulation has been attracting increasing attention. Initially, it was found in cancer research that the inhibition of regulatory T cell (Treg) ferroptosis and the promotion of CD8+ T cell ferroptosis jointly promoted the formation of an immune-tolerant environment in tumors. T-cell ferroptosis has subsequently been found to have immunoregulatory effects in other diseases. As an autoimmune disease characterized by immune imbalance, T-cell ferroptosis has attracted attention for its potential in regulating immune balance in lupus nephritis. This article reviews the metabolic processes within different T-cell subsets in lupus nephritis (LN), including T follicular helper (TFH) cells, T helper (Th)17 cells, Th1 cells, Th2 cells, and Treg cells, and reveals that these cellular metabolisms not only facilitate the formation of a T-cell immune imbalance but are also closely associated with the occurrence of ferroptosis. Consequently, we hypothesize that targeting the metabolic pathways of ferroptosis could become a novel research direction for effectively treating the immune imbalance in lupus nephritis by altering T-cell differentiation and the incidence of ferroptosis.
Inclusion of Salicornia ramosissima biomass in diets for juvenile whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) induces favourable but transient effects in the immune and oxidative status
Authors: Ramos-Pinto Lourenço , Marçal Raquel , Barreto André , Laranjeira Adriana , Machado Marina , Fernández-Boo Sérgio , Teixeira Carla , Oliveira Joana , Couto Ana , Dias Jorge , Guilherme Sofia , Veríssimo Ana C. S. , Pinto Diana C. G. A. , Pacheco Mário , Rocha Rui J. M. , Costas Benjamín
Published: December 2024

The whiteleg shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, is a highly valued and globally produced crustacean species. However, the rising cost of shrimp feed, exacerbated by increasing cereal prices, prompts the exploration of cost-effective and sustainable formulations. This study investigates the potential of Salicornia ramosissima biomass by-product (the non-edible part) as a substitute for wheat meal in juvenile shrimp diets, aiming to create sustainable formulations. Particularly to assess the impact of incorporating S. ramosissima into shrimp aquafeeds on various aspects of shrimp development, including growth performance, survival, immune status, and oxidative status. A commercial-like diet was formulated and served as control, whereas four other diets contained S. ramosissima stems or a combination of leaves and seeds, both at inclusion levels of 5% and 10%. Shrimps were fed the experimental diets for 31 and 55 days, followed by a bacterial bath challenge test to gauge their immune response to pathogens. At the end of the feeding period, growth performance and survival rates remained consistent across all diets. However, shrimp fed diets with S. ramosissima consumed more feed to achieve similar weights of those fed the control diet, particularly in diets containing leaves and seeds at a 10% inclusion level, likely due to lower digestibility of dry matter, lipids, and energy. While S. ramosissima biomass inclusion did not affect shrimp weight, relative growth rate, or survival, it did lead to higher feed conversion ratios and feed intake. Additionally, S. ramosissima inclusion affected shrimps’ overall body composition, particularly moisture and ash content. S. ramosissima inclusion modulated antioxidant enzyme activity in the shrimp’s hepatopancreas, indicating potential health improvements. The observed gene expression changes related to antioxidant enzymes, points to an overall down-regulation with the inclusion of S. ramosissima. Despite challenges in feeding efficiency, the inclusion of S. ramosissima, especially stems, shows promise in reducing feed costs by utilizing a food agro-industrial by-products (non edible parts). Furthermore, S. ramosissima inclusion led to subtle changes in certain plasma humoral parameters. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of this halophyte as a functional feed ingredient capable of enhancing shrimp’s antioxidant response, aligning with global resource optimization and sustainability initiatives.
The effects of community-based education programs on empathy, emotional intelligence, and caring behaviors among nursing students: a scoping review
Authors: Jing Ma , Chui Pinglei , Chong Mei Chan , Maoting Tang
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Community-based learning approaches are gaining recognition in nursing education as a means to address the needs of aging societies by fostering empathy, emotional intelligence, and caring behaviors among nursing students. These attributes are essential for enhancing the quality of care and building strong interpersonal connections with older adults. While community-based education programs offer promising benefits, there is still limited understanding of their impact on nursing students’ empathy, emotional intelligence, and caring behaviors. This scoping review aims to examine how community-based educational interventions can assist nursing students in developing these essential competencies, ultimately contributing to better outcomes in geriatric care.

Method

A scoping review was conducted following the framework of Arksey and O’Malley. The following electronic databases were searched: Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), MEDLINE, Web of Science, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Gray literature was also searched through Google Scholar and ProQuest. Studies included reports on nursing students’ emotional changes due to educational engagements with older adults.

Results

A total of 3,001 abstracts were screened, with 78 full texts reviewed, resulting in 9 studies being included in the analysis. The results demonstrate that interactions with older adults enhance nursing students’ empathy and emotional intelligence while fostering positive changes in their caring behaviors. Participants reported greater sensitivity to the feelings and physical discomforts of older adults, contributing to improved care and stronger relational dynamics.

Discussion

Community-based education programs involving older adults represent an effective strategy for enhancing nursing students’ empathy, emotional intelligence, and caring behaviors, suggesting valuable implications for nursing education methodologies.