bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors and Opportunities in the Scale-Up of Basic Minimum Package of Health Services by the Basic Health Care Provision Fund in Kogi State
Authors: Anadavi (MBBS) Dr Abubakar Yakubu , Eneojo (MPH) Adah Patrick , Jonah K (MBBS, MPH) Dr Emmanuel Bola
Published: November 2024

The epidemiologic approach was used to conduct the cross-sectional survey to observe and identify supply-side risks qualitatively and quantitatively linked to the determinants of the outcomes for Basic Health Care Provision Fund (BHCPF) implementation.

The data analysis was conducted on survey datasets obtained from the stratified random sampling based on Integrated Supportive Supervision survey, (n=127) that received Decentralized Facility Financing (DFF) not after the 30th of September, 2022 from a population of 220 PHCs eligible for DFF) .

Evaluative research is crucial to improving systems and services at 220 BHCPF designated sites, to ensure that strengths are rewarded, weaknesses observed compared to the expectations for outcomes in the intervention linked to risk factors compared to SDGs targets
THE RELATIONSHIP OF SKIN TO EPIDURAL SPACE DEPTH WITH DIFFERENT PHYSICAL PARAMETERS IN OBSTETRIC PATIENTS
Authors: Fayaz, Fakher e , Iqbal Amjad , Khurshid Hana , Tariq Mohammad , Nawaid Amir , Adnan Ahmed , Haq Ihtisham ul
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of the study was to find out the correlation between the skin to epidural space depth and different physical parameters like age, height, parity, weight and Body mass index in obstetric patients.Study Design: Prospective non-probability purposive correlational study.Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care, Combined Military Hospital, Quetta, over duration of one year from may 2005 to April 2006.Patients and Methods: This was prospective correlational study and total of 100 obstetric patients belonging to ASA-I and II class were included. All patients received epidural anaesthesia with 16/18G Tuohy’s needle and an epidural catheter was passed at the level of L3-L4/L4-L5 interspace. The skin-to-epidural space depth was marked on the Tuohy’s needle with a marker and was subsequently measured with a scale.Results: This study was conducted on parturients undergoing Caesarean section having ages between 18-40 years with mean 27.27 + SD 4.90 years, weight between 44-92 kg with mean 62.73 + SD 9.37 kg, height 142-166 cm with mean 153 + SD 5 cm, parity between primigravida to gravida 9 with mean 2.43 + SD 2.24 and body mass index of 19-38 kg/m2 with mean 27 + SD 4 kg/m2. The skin-to-epidural space depth ranging between 31 mm to 78 mm with mean of 41.59 + SD 6.49 mm was noted. Pearson correlation coefficient for the relation of skin to epidural space depth with patient’s age was r=0.317 (p=0.001), with weight was r=0.618 (p=0.0001), with height was r= -0.004 (p=0.966), with body mass index was r=0.623 (p=0.0001) and with patient’s parity was r=0.210 (p=0.028).Conclusion: It was concluded that the skin-to-epidural space depth had statistically significant strong correlation with weight and body mass index but statistically significant weak correlation with age and parity, and statistically insignificant correlation with height.
EFFECT OF THE MOUTHWASH CONTAINING CHLORINE DIOXIDE AND CHLORHEXIDINE ON HYDROGEN SULFIDE GAS IN HALITOSIS TREATMENT
Authors: Tran Thi Phuong Thao , Dang Thi Tham , Huynh To Tram , Tran Dieu Linh , Pham Anh Vu Thuy
Published: November 2024

Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of mouthwash that contains chlorhexidine and chlorine dioxide in neutralizing hydrogen sulfide gas. Methods: Hydrogen sulfide was prepared from sodium sulfide and sulfuric acid, and the amount of gas was calculated by the standard curve method. Evaluate the interaction between hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) and chlorhexidine (CHX) by letting the H2S gas through the flask containing ClO2 0.05%, 0.1%, and the mixture of ClO2 0.05% + CHX 0.01%, ClO2 0.1% + CHX 0.01%, and performing the UV-vis absorption spectra change of dye solutions. The results were compared to the one when H2S gas passed through water. Results: When the volume of H2S was 0.262 µmol, over 90% of H2S reacted with the mouthwash containing ClO2. As the ClO2 concentration increases, the amount of responding H2S also increases. The CHX + ClO2 mixture did not affect the capacity of H2S neutralization. Conclusion: Chlorine dioxide was a potential agent to reduce the oral unpleasant breath.
The Impact of Quillbot as an Automated Writing Evaluation Tool on EFL learners
Authors: Gürbüz Nida
Published: November 2024

Automated Writing Evaluation (AWE) constitutes a machine-based approach employed in the evaluation of learners' writing proficiency. Recently, its widespread implementation has been geared towards enhancing learners' editing competencies. The primary objective of this research was to thoroughly assess QuillBot as an Artificial Intelligence (AI) tool system, specifically examining its utility for students in the context of paraphrasing and checking grammatical, mechanical and organizational mistakes. QuillBot stands as an online application designed to facilitate the paraphrasing of written content, mitigate the risk of plagiarism, condense lengthy sentences, and enhance grammatical precision to impart a professional appearance. This tool serves as a viable alternative for students confronted with the challenge of rephrasing content when manual efforts prove challenging or when innovative ideas for paraphrasing are not readily available. Employing a pre-post quasi-experimental research design with convenience sampling, the study focused on automated writing of a descriptive paragraph. A total of Turkish 48 English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners were distributed across two groups, encompassing control group and experimental group. The quasi-experimental design incorporated triangulation with qualitative data derived from retrospective notes and reflective journal notes, while quantitative data underwent analysis via non-parametric tests and SPSS. Findings indicated a positive impact of the Quillbot on experimental group. The qualitative data analysis underscored participants' favourable assessments of both the software and the automated writing experiences.
Swot Analysis of the Use of ChatGPT in Education
Authors: BUDAK DURMUS Fatmanur
Published: November 2024

In recent years, artificial intelligence technologies that take on human abilities or jobs have become a current issue. ChatGPT, a chatbox developed by the OpenAI artificial intelligence company, has been one of the important developments in this field. Educational environments that are directly affected by these technological developments have gained a new dimension. The introduction of artificial intelligence technologies to the service of the whole world and their use in the educational environment has made it necessary to examine the strengths and weaknesses of the current situation, the opportunities it offers and the threats it creates. The aim of the research is to examine the use of ChatGPT in education with SWOT analysis. A qualitative research method was used in order to reveal the thoughts of the participants about the use of ChatGPT in education. The study group of the research is composed of educators using GPT in educational environments. The data was obtained with the semi-structured interview technique to be used as a data collection tool. The data was analyzed by content analysis and within the scope of the research, the views of the participants on the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the use of GPT in education are presented in written and visually.
Semantica periferiei în Sînt o babă comunistă și Voci la distanță
Authors: Popescu Stelian
Published: November 2024

Representations of the periphery in contemporary Romanian literature appear in various forms. The novels I’m an Old Communist Hag by Dan Lungu (2007) and Voices from Afar by Gabriela Adameșteanu (2022) are based on a less obvious representation of two types of peripheries. Containing the reflections of two female characters on the communist period in Romania and, in the latter case, also on the pandemic situation in recent years, the structure of the two novels is configured by relating the narrative essences to peripheral frames. In Dan Lungu’s writing, the periphery suggests the self-exclusion of the female character from the natural course of post-December society due to deeply rooted beliefs in the protagonist’s mentality. The peripheral space is significant not for examining the communist regime but for shaping a complex image of the transition to another world, hindered by nostalgia for security and, ultimately, by an identity crisis. In Gabriela Adameșteanu’s text, the periphery takes on different valences: it becomes a space that offers the protagonist the opportunity to distance herself from the daily life disrupted by the pandemic, to contemplate the present and, in the second part of the novel, the last decade of communism. On the other hand, the structure of the two novels is synonymous through the identification of another common element, complementary to the peripheries. Voices constitute an important coordinate of the narrative fabric in both cases, as the protagonists dialogue with other characters from various types of distances, spatial or mental. These distances between the voices of the characters finalize the outlining of the peripheries as spaces from the midst of which the structure of the novels is built. In other words, this paper aims to draw a parallel between the two novels, considering the relationship created between their peripheral spaces and the voices that not only dialogue but become a constitutive aspect of the mechanisms through which the authors provide images of the transition and evolution of post-December Romanian society.
Weekend Offenders: Clubs, Drugs and Deviant Leisure in Post-socialist Romania
Authors: Guțu Dinu
Published: November 2024

During recent years, leisure can no longer be strictly associated with the concepts of ‘good’ and ‘pleasure’: a critical perspective offered by the recent theory of ‘deviant leisure’(Smith and Raymen, 2016; Ayres, 2019) shows how the relationship between leisure, freedom and pleasure is no longer clear, and how, in the context of late capitalism consumption, a part of leisure activities imply harm, exploitation and vulnerability. Throughout the article I tried to follow the deviant cultural component of the drug use leisure activity in the context of clubbing, going through the concept of depressive hedonia (Fisher, 2009). The depressive hedonism scene among Bucharest clubbers is defined by extended club ‘marathons,’ FOMO (‘fear of missing out’), and the ‘injunction to enjoy,’ where harm and hedonism go hand in hand. For Romanian youth, recreational drug use becomes an element of subcultural capital which is different from their parents’ culture, as well as an (experience) consumption marker of class distinction, Western and trendy.
Sara Barros Leitão: “Cabe aos artistas descobrir a flor que cresce no asfalto”
Authors: Rosa Marta Brites , Mateus Sandra
Published: November 2024

Entrevista a Sara Barros Leitão.
Adopting a Holistic Approach: International Legal Perspectives on Safeguarding the Rights of Migrant Children in Africa
Authors: Abdulraheem Musa
Published: November 2024

The protection of migrant children in Africa presents a complex challenge requiring a holistic approach encompassing legal, social, and economic dimensions. This research explores international legal perspectives on safeguarding the rights of migrant children in Africa, emphasizing the necessity of a comprehensive strategy to address their unique vulnerabilities. It also explores the imperative for adopting a holistic approach to safeguard the rights of migrant children in Africa within the realm of international law.

Key international legal frameworks, such as the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (ICRMW), provide crucial guidelines for ensuring the protection and well-being of migrant children. However, these frameworks often operate in silos, leading to fragmented approaches that fail to address the multifaceted needs of migrant children comprehensively.

The need for a holistic approach arises from the complex nature of migrant children’s experiences and vulnerabilities. A holistic approach involves integrating these frameworks with regional instruments, such as the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACRWC), and incorporating principles of non-discrimination, best interests of the child, and child participation. Furthermore, it requires collaboration between governments, international organizations, civil society, and communities to address the root causes of migration, provide access to education, healthcare, and social services, and combat discrimination and xenophobia.

Despite these legal frameworks, challenges remain in ensuring the effective protection of migrant children’s rights in Africa. These include gaps in implementation, lack of awareness of rights, and inadequate access to services. Addressing these challenges requires a holistic approach that involves cooperation between states, international organizations, civil society, and the private sector

This research underscores the importance of adopting a holistic approach to safeguarding the rights of migrant children in Africa, highlighting the need for coordinated efforts at the international, regional, and national levels to ensure their protection, well-being, and inclusion in society. By addressing the root causes of migration and addressing the specific needs of migrant children, a holistic approach can help create a more inclusive and protective environment for migrant children in Africa.
Prohibition of Discriminatory Laws and Practices Against Women’s Rights in Nigeria
Authors: Kehinde Obaoye Justina , Abdulraheem Musa
Published: November 2024

Nigeria has ratified several international and regional treaties; and other protocols in order to fulfill its obligation in promoting and protecting the rights of Nigerian women. However, women in Nigeria still face many discriminatory practices under the law. Nigeria is inherently patriarchal, this can be attributed to the influence of customs and various religions practiced in Nigeria. Women and girls are often victims of discriminatory practices by the state and the society which is mostly done by men.

The 1999 Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria prohibits discrimination on the basis of gender. However, customary laws and religious laws continue to threaten and restrict women’s rights; these factors have contributed significantly to the discrimination women face. In as much as the 1999 constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and others laws have been promulgated to improve the status of women in Nigeria, still many laws and statues condone domestic violence against women and discriminate against women in Nigeria.
GPS-tracking reveals winter short-stopping and large differences in individual migratory distance among Greylag Geese (Anser anser) breeding in Denmark
Authors: Heldbjerg Henning , Clausen Kevin K. , Cao Lei , Fox Anthony David
Published: November 2024

The exponential increase in the ‘NW/SW European Greylag Goose population’ (NGGP) has created demands for more precise estimates of the national breeding populations and improved understanding of their movements to support its effective management. Increased NGGP abundance has been associated with a northeast-ward shift in wintering centre of gravity, suggesting major changes in migratory and wintering patterns. Greater numbers of wintering Greylag Geese wintering numbers in Denmark could originate from increases in the Danish breeding population showing a more sedentary habit and/or from a higher incidence of “winter short-stopping” by birds from elsewhere. Data from the first 16 Greylag Goose deployed with GPS/GSM tracking collars in 2021 and 2022 were used to test the hypothesis that birds in newly colonised Danish breeding areas were more sedentary than the long-distance migratory geese in traditional nesting areas. Contemporary migration patterns showed that some Danish breeders (including examples from newly colonized breeding areas) still migrate to their traditional wintering quarters in southern Spain, but most tagged Greylag Geese stayed in Denmark throughout the annual cycle. These data also provided the first evidence of the occurrence of winter short-stopping among individual Danish Greylag Geese, which after one winter in Spain subsequently wintered in Denmark and the Netherlands, indicating that some individuals can shift between new wintering areas every autumn. Overall, these results show that while most Danish summering Greylag Geese are now largely resident within Denmark, some move to Germany and the Netherlands and a few still undertake the traditional long migration to southern Spain, making assignment of breeding provenance to migrating birds challenging.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DA TOXINA BOTULÍNICA NA BIOMEDICINA ESTÉTICA
Authors: Nascimento Thayna Almeida do , Braga Gabriela Almeida , Pereira Gabriella Prestes , Silva Jessica Soares da
Published: November 2024

O envelhecimento é um processo natural que causa várias mudanças no organismo e na aparência, afetando a autoestima e, para auxiliar nesta situação, foram desenvolvidos procedimentos estéticos, sendo a aplicação da toxina botulínica um dos mais conhecidos, em que o biomédico esteta surge como um profissional importante neste contexto, comprometido com a saúde e a beleza dos pacientes. Diante disso, esta pesquisa buscou entender a origem e a aplicação da toxina botulínica na biomedicina estética. A metodologia utilizada foi revisão de literatura, cuja pesquisa de materiais foi por meio de bibliotecas virtuais e bancos de dados como Periódicos CAPES, Google Acadêmico e Scientific Electronic Library online (SCIELO), com os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): biomedicina estética, toxina botulínia tipo A. O artigo traz embasamento científico que reforça que o biomédico esteta se apresenta como um profissional habilitado e qualificado para lidar com tratamentos envolvendo a toxina botulínica, conseguindo promover bons resultados, utilizando-se dos benefícios da substância e prevenindo os efeitos adversos.
UTILIZAÇÃO DA METODOLOGIA DMAIC PARA REDUÇÃO DE TEMPO DE SETUP EM LINHA DE RETÍFICA EM FÁBRICA DE ROLAMENTOS
Authors: Santos Diego da Silva , Silva Isabela Martins , Sousa Jéssica de , Santis Sandra Helena da Silva de , Nunes Samuel Fernandes
Published: November 2024

Este estudo aborda a redução de tempo de setup em uma empresa fabricante de rolamentos, utilizando a metodologia DMAIC. Sabendo que o tempo de setup é definido pela qualidade, uma vez que ao ultrapassá-lo são necessários realizar estudos para identificação de sua causa raiz e eliminá-la para o atendimento do plano de produção. Contudo, o objetivo deste trabalho é estudar os principais motivos que causaram o aumento do tempo de setup de uma linha de retífica que causou o não atendimento do plano da produção. Como método escolheu-se o DMAIC, ferramentas da qualidade como diagrama de Pareto, diagrama de causa e efeito, e plano de execução do setup. Os resultados demonstraram que com o plano de execução, o tempo de setup diminuiu e atingiu o esperado, não ultrapassando o tempo estabelecido pela norma da qualidade da empresa. Concluiu-se que os planos de ação foram efetivos e geraram resultados positivos em relação ao cenário anterior.
OS 7 IS DA GERIATRIA: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Medrado Ana Luiza Galdino , Lima Jaffia Pereira , Sousa Lucas Gabriele Paz Carvalho , Costa Maria Bárbara Pimentel da , Leal Lílian Filadelfa Lima dos Santos , Nascimento Jorge Messias Leal do
Published: November 2024

O envelhecimento populacional é um fenômeno global que traz desafios significativos para a saúde dos idosos, exigindo atenção especial para as síndromes geriátricas conhecidas como os "7 I's": Incapacidade cognitiva, Instabilidade postural, Imobilidade, Incontinência esfincteriana, Iatrogenia, Insuficiência familiar/social e Incapacidade comunicativa. Estas síndromes afetam a qualidade de vida dos idosos e requerem intervenções multidisciplinares para prevenir complicações e promover o bem-estar. Este estudo, baseado em uma revisão bibliográfica abrangente, investigou as implicações dessas síndromes na saúde e na qualidade de vida dos idosos, explorando intervenções e estratégias de cuidado que possam preservar a autonomia e melhorar o suporte social necessário. A pesquisa abrangeu trabalhos publicados entre 2014 e 2024, utilizando descritores relacionados à saúde do idoso em bases de dados como PubMed e SciELO. Os resultados destacados evidenciam a importância da detecção precoce e do tratamento adequado das síndromes geriátricas, mostrando que uma abordagem multidisciplinar é essencial para a manutenção da funcionalidade e qualidade de vida dessa população vulnerável. Onde, o estudo evidencia que o suporte familiar e social é fundamental para o cuidado do idoso, contribuindo na redução do isolamento e da depressão. Assim, a integração de esforços entre profissionais de saúde, familiares e comunidade é crucial para atender às crescentes demandas dessa população em envelhecimento. O estudo ainda ressalta, a importância da promoção de um ambiente seguro e adequado para idosos, minimizando riscos de quedas e promovendo práticas que reduzam as ocorrências. Com isso, esses esforços coordenados podem resultar em um modelo de cuidado mais inclusivo e humanizado.
IMPACTOS DA TRICOMONÍASE NA SAÚDE DA MULHER: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Sacaria Esther Antonella de Jesus , Santos Francine Pinto dos
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A tricomoníase é a mais frequente Infecção Sexualmente Transmissível (IST) não viral do mundo. Seu agente etiológico é o protozoário anaeróbio facultativo, Trichomonas vaginalis, que infecta o trato geniturinário de homens e mulheres. É transmitido, na maioria dos casos documentados, por meio de contato sexual direto. A tricomoníase é um problema para a saúde pública, principalmente pelo aumento na prevalência em mulheres em idade reprodutiva, que resulta em casos com complicações graves como infertilidade, doença inflamatória pélvica e câncer cervical. Objetivo: O presente artigo tem como objetivos descrever, através de revisão literária, a influência do Trichomonas vaginalis na transmissão do HIV e HPV e identificar os impactos da tricomoníase na saúde da mulher e no desenvolvimento gestacional. Materiais e Métodos: Esta pesquisa trata-se de uma revisão integrativa realizada através de análises de artigos e outros documentos encontrados em bibliotecas virtuais como sciELO (Scientific Library Online) e Google Acadêmico. Através disso, foram discutidos os resultados sobre os impactos da tricomoníase na saúde da mulher. A busca pelos artigos realizou-se utilizando os descritores “IST”, “Infecção vaginal”, “Período Gestacional”, “Saúde da Mulher” e “Tricomoníase”. Resultados: Deve-se considerar questões como fatores de risco, onde os mais afetados são indivíduos com alguma forma de vulnerabilidade, sendo a socioeconômica a mais contributiva para a questão em debate. Por fim, são necessárias políticas e campanhas que orientem a população a respeito da tricomoníase e das demais IST, promovendo assim a educação sexual por meio de palestras educativas, redes sociais, TV’s e outros meios de comunicação, com o intuito de divulgar informações sobre.
FISIOTERAPIA PÉLVICA NO TRATAMENTO DA DIÁSTASE ABDOMINAL EM MULHERES NO PÓS-PARTO
Authors: Marques Giselle Dias , Lima Ronaldo Nunes
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A diástase abdominal em mulheres no pós-parto é uma condição que afeta a integridade e funcionalidade da musculatura abdominal, com impactos na estabilidade e qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Este estudo objetiva investigar a eficácia da fisioterapia pélvica como abordagem terapêutica no tratamento dessa condição, proporcionando orientações para reabilitação adequada. Materiais e Métodos:  O método envolve uma revisão de estudos clínicos sobre técnicas de fortalecimento do transverso abdominal e exercícios de estabilização pélvica. Resultado: Resultados preliminares indicam que a fisioterapia pélvica é eficaz na redução da diástase, promovendo a recuperação da função muscular e contribuindo para o bem-estar da paciente. Conclusão: A conclusão destaca que a intervenção fisioterapêutica focada nos músculos pélvicos e abdominais contribui significativamente para o tratamento da diástase abdominal no pós-parto, auxiliando na reabilitação e prevenção de complicações futuras.
A INFLUÊNCIA DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19 NA VACINAÇÃO CONTRA A POLIOMIELITE: UMA ANÁLISE DE 2019 A 2022
Authors: Magnagnagno Odirlei Antonio , Saito Vinicius Yukio , Griep Rubens
Published: November 2024

Introdução: A poliomielite, uma infecção viral aguda causada pelo poliovírus, afeta principalmente crianças menores de cinco anos e pode levar à paralisia flácida aguda e, em casos graves, à morte. A vacinação com a Vacina Oral Poliomielite (VOP) e a Vacina Inativada Poliomielite (VIP) é crucial para a prevenção da doença, mas a pandemia de COVID-19 impactou negativamente a cobertura vacinal, levando a uma redução nas taxas de imunização globalmente. Objetivo: O estudo visa analisar o impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 na cobertura vacinal contra a poliomielite no Brasil de 2019 a 2022, identificando variações regionais e tendências, e propor melhorias para as estratégias de imunização. Métodos: O estudo, de natureza quantitativa descritiva e do tipo série temporal, analisou dados secundários do Sistema de Informação do Programa Nacional de Imunização (SI-PNI), disponibilizados pelo DATASUS, sobre a imunização contra poliomielite no Brasil. Os dados, coletados em julho de 2024, abrangem o período pré-pandêmico (2019) e pandêmico (2020-2022). Foram analisadas variáveis como cobertura vacinal, regiões geográficas, anos e esquemas vacinais (VIP, VOP 1º e 2º reforço). A análise descritiva incluiu cálculos de médias e identificação de tendências de variação anual da cobertura vacinal por região, além de comparações regionais.Resultados: Entre 2019 e 2022, a cobertura vacinal da poliomielite no Brasil apresentou variações regionais. A Região Sul teve a maior média, enquanto a Região Norte registrou a menor. Para o 1º reforço, a cobertura caiu de 74,62% para 60,50% antes de uma leve recuperação; já para o 2º reforço, a média nacional foi de 64,46%, com a Região Sul destacando-se. É necessário implementar estratégias regionais, especialmente no Norte e Nordeste, para melhorar os índices. Discussão: A vacinação infantil é essencial para prevenir a poliomielite, mas enfrenta desafios. A pandemia de COVID-19 prejudicou a cobertura vacinal, ampliando desigualdades e hesitação vacinal. Em 2021, 80% das crianças no mundo receberam três doses da vacina, enquanto 25 milhões não completaram o esquema primário, com maior impacto em áreas rurais e países de renda média. Conclusão: Para manter a erradicação da poliomielite, é fundamental adaptar políticas de vacinação para enfrentar desafios, reduzir desigualdades no acesso e promover a conscientização sobre a importância das vacinas.
DETECÇÃO AUTOMATICA DE DEFEITOS EM TRILHOS FERROVIARIOS ATRAVÉS DE VISÃO COMPUTACIONAL
Authors: Barroso Matheus Sousa , Queiroz Jonathan Araujo
Published: November 2024

A Inteligência Artificial tem se mostrado uma ferramenta promissora na área de visão computacional. Neste trabalho, propõe-se a construção de uma solução utilizando técnicas de Machine Learning para a detecção de defeitos superficiais em trilhos. A partir de um conjunto de dados obtidos por meio de imagens dos trilhos, será desenvolvido um modelo capaz de identificar defeitos, visando aumentar a segurança e eficiência na manutenção ferroviária. Como resultados preliminares, foi criado um modelo de classificação que apresenta métricas de avaliação satisfatórias, evidenciando o potencial da aplicação para auxiliar nas inspeções de trilhos ferroviários.
A new aggregation and riming discrimination algorithm based on polarimetric weather radars
Authors: Blanke Armin , Gergely Mathias , Trömel Silke
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The distinction between riming and aggregation is of high relevance for model microphysics, data assimilation and warnings of potential aircraft hazards due to the link between riming and updrafts and the presence of supercooled liquid water in the atmosphere. Even though the polarimetric fingerprints for aggregation and riming are similar qualitatively, we hypothesize that it is feasible to implement an area-wide discrimination algorithm based on national polarimetric weather radar networks only. Quasi-vertical profiles (QVPs) of reflectivity (ZH), differential reflectivity (ZDR) and estimated depolarization ratio (DR) are utilized to learn about the information content of each individual polarimetric variable and their combinations for riming detection. High-resolution Doppler spectra from the vertical (birdbath) scans of the C-band radar network of the German Meteorological Service serve as input and ground-truth for algorithm development. Mean isolated spectra profiles (MISPs) of the Doppler velocity are used to infer regions with frozen hydrometeors falling faster than 1.5 ms-1 and accordingly associated with significant riming. Several machine learning methods have been tested to detect riming from the corresponding QVPs of polarimetric variables. The best performing algorithm is a fine-tuned gradient boosting model based on decision trees. The precipitation event on 14 July 2021, which led to a catastrophic flooding in the Ahr valley in western Germany, was selected to validate the performance. Considering balanced accuracy, the algorithm is able to correctly predict 74 % of the observed riming features and thus, the feasibility of reliable riming detection with national radar networks has been successfully demonstrated.
Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan, Inklusi Keuangan, Dan Finansial Teknologi Terhadap Kinerja Umkm Di Kota Sukabumi
Authors: Heliani  , Salwa Aulia Novitasari
Published: November 2024

Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) telah memainkan peran penting dalam perkembangan ekonomi di global. Kontribusi UMKM berpengaruh sangat besar bagi perekonomian Indonesia karena sektor ini memiliki kontribusi PDB yang besar. UMKM dapat dikatakan sebagai entitas yang rapuh dan mudah terguncang oleh masalah eksternal seperti krisis ekonomi dan keuangan, bencana, ataupun perubahan-perubahan mendadak dari lingkungan bisnis itu sendiri. Namun pada dasarnya banyak perubahan yang perlu diikuti oleh UMKM. Ada pentingnya mereka mulai memperkaya pengetahuan, mengikuti digitalisasi, mendalami tentang pengelolaan keuangan agar mereka bisa bertahan dalam masa sekarang yang penuh ketidakpastian. Dengan penelitian ini dapat mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh literasi keuangan, inklusi keuangan, dan finansial teknologi terhadap kinerja UMKM. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dan data primer yang disebarkan dengan kuesioner. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah pelaku UMKM di Kota Sukabumi sebanyak 160 responden. Metode pengambilan sampel dengan metode simple random sampling, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan regresi linear berganda dengan SPSS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel literasi keuangan, inklusi keuangan, dan finansial teknologi memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja UMKM di Kota Sukabumi.
A Pesquisa Histórica em Publicidade & Propaganda
Authors: Oliveira Santana Dhione , Marques Carriço Ferreira Raquel
Published: November 2024

A pesquisa sobre a História da Mídia presente nos anais dos Encontros Nacionais de Pesquisadores de História da Mídia, promovidos pela Associação Brasileira de Pesquisadores de História da Mídia – ALCAR está fortemente ligada ao desejo de resgatar a memória da comunicação de massa no Brasil. A publicidade ganha destaque nesse espaço por ser instrumento basilar de sustentação econômica dos veículos de comunicação no país, e obteve desse modo, o interesse investigativo promovido pelo evento. Este artigo apresenta um estudo bibliométrico da produção acadêmica em publicidade e propaganda entre os anos 2003-2021, e demonstra as principais abordagens de estudos adotados ao analisar a publicidade brasileira; os principais objetos tratados em estudo; as principais áreas de conhecimento referenciadas para se entender o fenômeno da propaganda (sociologia, psicologia, antropologia, política, economia); os anos mais produtivos para o objeto em estudo (propaganda); o perfil do pesquisador da publicidade entre outros com apontamentos sobre os trabalhos destacados nas categorias desenvolvidas.
التنظيم القانوني الدولي والمحلي لحماية البيئة البحرية من التلوث (دراسة تحليلية)
Authors:   باحثة ماجستير، قسم القانون العام، كلية الحقوق، جامعة الملك عبد العزيز، المملكة العربية السعودية, الشمراني ريسه
Published: November 2024

توضح الدراسة مفهوم البيئة البحرية وتحديد مصادر التلوث التي تهددها، بالإضافة إلى تناول الأطر القانونية والإجراءات المتبعة لحمايتها وفقًا للأنظمة المحلية والدولية، حيث تم تعريف البيئة البحرية وفهم تلوث المياه بمختلف أشكاله، كما تم تسليط الضوء على مصادر التلوث البحري بالإضافة إلى ذلك، تناقش الدراسة المسؤولية الدولية المتعلقة بالتلوث البيئي البحري، مع توضيح الحدود البحرية للدول ودورها في حماية البيئة. كما تُعنى بتقديم رؤية شاملة حول الحماية القانونية للبيئة البحرية من التلوث، لذا تم استعراض آليات الحماية القانونية والتدابير المتخذة على المستوى الدولي والوطني، بالإضافة إلى إدراج نماذج من الكوارث التي أثرت سلبًا على البيئة البحرية. استخدام البحث المنهج الوصفي لتوضيح ماهية البيئة البحرية وتحديد مفهومها، بالإضافة إلى تحديد المصادر الرئيسية لتلوثها ونطاق الحماية المطلوب لها كما تم استخدام المنهج التحليلي لدراسة المسؤوليات الدولية لحماية البيئة البحرية، ودراسة الآليات القانونية والتدابير المتبعة لضمان حماية البيئة البحرية من التدهور وتحليل فعالية هذه التدابير في الحد من التلوث وضمان استدامة النظم البيئية البحرية. وخلصت الدراسة إلى أن البيئة البحرية تشمل المسطحات المائية المالحة وما تحتويه من كائنات وموارد طبيعية، ويحدث التلوث نتيجة إدخال مواد ضارة فيها وفقاً لاتفاقية قانون البحار لعام 1982، وتعتبر تسربات النفط والمخلفات الصناعية والإشعاعية من أبرز مصادر التلوث، مما يستدعي فرض المسؤولية الدولية على الملوثين وفق مبدأ "الملوث يدفع"، لحماية البيئة البحرية، كذلك تعتمد القوانين الدولية على الاتفاقيات الملزمة، ومراقبة الأنشطة البحرية، وتعزيز التعاون الدولي لتحقيق التنمية المستدامة وحماية الموارد للأجيال القادمة، وفي ضوء ما توصلت له الدراسة قدمت الباحثة مجموعة من التوصيات من أبرزها: إنشاء برامج تدريب إلزامية للعاملين في قطاعات النقل البحري والصناعة حول أهمية الحد من التلوث البحري وطرق الامتثال للمعايير البيئية.
Translating Style and the Compromise of Text Coherence (The Case of Najib Mahfouz’ Al Midaq Alley)
Authors:   PhD in Literature, Faculty of Letters, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Morocco, Nakhli Habiba
Published: November 2024

Style poses serious difficulties for translators. Stylistic intricacies can result in ST misinterpretation and hence misrepresentation of meaning. Clearly, reproducing the writer’s stylistic choices in a way that makes sense to the target text (TT) reader goes beyond reproducing the source text (ST) meaning as faithfully as possible. Stylistic features can be a distinctive property of the writer or the text. This article explores the stylistic challenges involved in the translation of style and the potential compromise of text meaning and coherence. The study approaches this issue through comparative analysis of Le Gassick’s translation of Mahfouz’ Al Midaq Alley, underscoring the stylistic nuances that faced the translator. The significance of this study lies in highlighting certain stylistic features unique to Najib Mahfouz's style, and analyzing the difficulties they implied for the translator. Adopting a descriptive-analytical approach, the first section of the study explores the distinctive features of the author’s style and the challenges in translating them. The second section examines the impact of translating style on the coherence and meaning of the text, including potential mistranslations or under-translations, and suggests a set of strategies that can help translators convey meaning while maintaining the text’s coherence and stylistic uniqueness. Finally, the study emphasizes the importance of understanding the stylistic dimensions of a text, as meaning extends beyond the text itself to engage the reader’s cultural and religious context. It follows that the translator's relationship with the target reader mirrors the author's relationship with ST reader. Therefore, translators must strive for accuracy in conveying meaning while offering the same aesthetic reading experience to their audience.
Using Ted-talks Videos to Enhance Students’ Communication and Critical Thinking Skills
Authors:   PhD Researcher, Curriculum and Teaching Methods, College of Arts and Education, Sohar University, Sultanate of Oman, Al-Siyabi Salama , Al-Aliyani Muna ,   PhD Researcher, Educational Administration, College of Arts and Education, Sohar University, Sultanate of Oman
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to investigate the impact of TED Talks on improving communication and critical thinking (CT) skills among seventh-grade Omani students. The study selected a convenient sample of 71 seventh-graders from Welayyat Bidbid School in the Dakhiliya Governorate of the Sultanate of Oman. Data collection methods included a questionnaire, observations, and focus group discussions. Approximately 10 TED Talk videos were shown to two experimental group classes to assess their effectiveness in enhancing students' communication and CT skills. The study employed a descriptive design to collect and interpret the data. The findings revealed that students with high and above-average proficiency in English demonstrated noticeable improvements in communication skills, particularly in speaking and listening. These improvements were evident in several linguistic domains, including vocabulary, pronunciation, self-correction, and presentation skills, especially in body language. In terms of CT, students exhibited self-regulated learning skills such as planning, self-monitoring, and note-taking. Conversely, low-achieving students remained mostly silent during the implementation, struggling to engage with the content due to their lower proficiency levels, which hindered their ability to reflect on the authentic language presented in the TED Talks. The study also highlighted challenges faced by the teacher during the implementation, including the need to empower students with cognitive, metacognitive, and socio-affective listening skills. Additionally, selecting TED Talk videos that were age-appropriate, aligned with students' interests, and matched their proficiency levels proved challenging. The shift to TED Talk-based lessons also widened the gap between students, creating additional challenges for the teacher.
مسارات التطور في المعاجم العربية (دراسة بين الأصالة والابتكار)
Authors:   أستاذ مساعد في علم اللغة، وزارة الأوقاف والشئون الإسلامية، دولة الكويت, المطيري سلمى
Published: November 2024

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى إحياء التراث اللغوي وتطويره ليصبح أداة تعليمية مرنة، والحفاظ على الأصالة اللغوية والتراث العربي، وتعزيز دور المعاجم الحديثة في دعم عمليتي التعلم والتعليم بما يلبي احتياجات المؤسسات التعليمية والأفراد، وكذلك ذكر الروافد العلمية المدعمة للصناعة المعجمية. حيث أن التحدي الأساسي في تحديث المعاجم يكمن في الحفاظ على توازن بين القيم التراثية والتحديث التكنولوجي. تناولت الدراسة المعجم في ضوء النظريات اللسانية الحديثة والمعلومات النحوية الصرفية، وعلم المعجمات والمعجم والقاموس وتم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في البحث. تؤكد الدراسة أن تطوير المعاجم لا يتطلب التخلي عن التراث، بل يمكن دمج الابتكار بطريقة تعزز من فعالية المعاجم دون التأثير على هوية اللغة العربية، وأن الحوسبة اللغوية والتقنيات الرقمية يمكن أن تسهم في إحياء التراث اللغوي وتطويره ليصبح أداة تعليمية مرنة. كما يؤكد البحث على أهمية المعاجم في توثيق وحفظ اللغة العربية، ويشير إلى أن تحقيق التوازن بين التراث والتحديث في المعاجم يعتبر ضرورة ملحة للحفاظ على الهوية الثقافية واللغوية العربية. إن دعم وتطوير المعاجم الرقمية يُعد خطوة أساسية نحو تعزيز دور اللغة العربية في التعليم والثقافة، ويؤكد على إمكانيات التحديث لتعزيز حضور اللغة العربية على الساحة العالمية. كما أن دمج الابتكار مع الأصالة يمكن أن يُسهم في دعم التعليم والتعلم، وإثراء البحث الأكاديمي، وزيادة انتشار اللغة العربية عالميًا. وتوصي الدراسة بتكثيف الجهود في مجال تطوير المعاجم الرقمية، وإجراء المزيد من الأبحاث حول التحديات التي تواجه اللغة العربية في هذا السياق، بما يضمن استمرار المعاجم في لعب دورها الحيوي كأداة مرجعية تلبي تطلعات الناطقين بالعربية والمتعلمين من غير الناطقين بها، وتظل رابطًا يجمع بين تراث الماضي وآفاق المستقبل.
تأثير سياسة الحوافز على الرضا الوظيفي للعاملين (دراسة تطبيقية على قطاع الطفولة المبكرة في محافظة الأحساء في المملكة العربية السعودية)
Authors:   ماجستير إدارة الأعمال، كلية الإدارة، جامعة ميدأوشن، المملكة العربية السعودية, النغموش منيره
Published: November 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى بيان أثر الحوافز على الرضا الوظيفي في قطاع الطفولة المبكرة بالأحساء في المملكة العربية السعودية، حيث يعتبر موضوع الحوافز عاملاً مهما في تحديد سلوك الفرد في العمل وتوجيهه في الاتجاه الذي يتوافق مع تحقيق أهداف المنظمة، كما يعتبر وسيلة لإثارة سلوك الأفراد بما يحقق الأداء الناجح، ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة تم الاعتماد على المنهج الوصفي المسحي، حيث يدرس المنهج الوصفي المسحي الواقع كما هو في الطبيعة ويهتم بوصفه بشكل دقيق من خلال جمع المعلومات وتصنيفها وتنظيمها والتعبير عنها. وقد تم الاعتماد على الاستبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات. وطبقت الدراسة على العاملين في قطاع الطفولة المبكرة بالأحساء في المملكة العربية السعودية خلال تم العام 2024م، حيث تم توزيع استبانة إلكترونية لعينة من أفراد المجتمع بلغ عددها (185) معلمة وبنسبة (20.6%) من المجتمع. وقد أظهرت النتائج أثر الحوافز المادية على الرضا الوظيفي لدى العاملين في قطاع الطفولة المبكرة جاء بدرجة مرتفعة بمتوسط حسابي (3.94) وبانحراف معياري (0.618)، و أثر الحوافز المعنوية على الرضا الوظيفي لدى العاملين في قطاع الطفولة المبكرة جاء بدرجة مرتفعة بمتوسط حسابي (4.10) وبانحراف معياري (0.574)، كما تبين عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) لأثر الحوافز على الرضا الوظيفي في قطاع الطفولة المبكرة تبعا لمتغير الخبرة. بينما وجدت فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) لأثر الحوافز على الرضا الوظيفي في قطاع الطفولة المبكرة تبعا لمتغير القطاع والعمر. وفي ضوء ذلك توصي الدراسة بضرورة الحرص على تفعيل نظام الحوافز بأنواعه على العاملين في قطاع الطفولة المبكرة، ومراعاة مناسبة الأجور للمعلمات على الجهد المبذول، وعلى الإدارة دراسة الحاجات الحقيقية للعاملين ومن ثم السعي لتحقيقها قبل وضع نظام الحوافز.
الكبت الجنسي (جذور وآثار مشروع فرويد الإفسادي)
Authors:   أستاذ مساعد في كلية جدة العالمية، المملكة العربية السعودية, قارة عبير
Published: November 2024

يدور هذا البحث حول قضية الكبت الجنسي وما يفرضه هذا الموضوع من إشكاليات متشعبة، تتعلق بعاملين اثنين، الأول داخلي عميق، له علاقة بالتكوين الشخصي والنفسي للمسلم، وجذور هذا التكوين والبناء ومدى صلابته، وقابليته للتأثر بالعامل الخارجي ثانياً، والمتمثل بالمذاهب والتيارات المتخبطة والمتناقضة في آرائها، والقائمة على أساس من الإفساد للعقول والنفوس، وأبرز من يجسد مسار الإفساد في هذا الباب هي - مدرسة فرويد في التحليل النفسي ـ لذا تناولتُ في بحثي الطبيعة الإنسانية بجانبها النفسي، وحاجاتها ضمن المنظومة الدينية المتكاملة في طرق تلبيتها وتهذيبها لتلك الحاجات، وعن ماهية مدرسة فرويد في التزييف والإضلال، واتبعتُ في هذا الطرح منهجاً تحليلياً نقديّاً لإشكالية الكبت الجنسي، بتتبع نشأته وجذوره ومَن تبناه كمُنطلق له لبثّ سمومه الفكريّة والعقديّة، وقمتُ بنقد تلك الأفكار وبيان زيفها من خلال عرض منظومة الرّشد والسّوية والفضيلة. توصلت من خلال هذه الدراسة إلى إن السبب الرئيسي لنشأة الاضطراب النفسي هو مخالفة سنن العافية والصحة التي أمر الله عز وجل عباده أن يأخذوا بأسبابها ضمن ضوابط وحدود الشريعة، والمنظومة الدينية الإسلامية تكفلت للمؤمنين بتحصيل السعادة النفسية في أسمى صورها، وليس على مستوى الدنيا فقط بل سعادة الدنيا والآخرة، ولم تفلح آراء فرويد في معركة البقاء ونفع البشرية، لأجل جذورها الفاسدة والمفسدة والنوايا الخبيثة في إضلال الناس، ترحب المنظومة الإسلامية بالعلوم التي تؤدي للغايات نفسها التي وجدت لأجلها الشريعة، وهي تحقيق مصلحة الإنسان العاجلة والآجلة، وفوزه بالجنة ورضوان الله عز وجل والنجاة من النار. وفي ضوء ذلك توصي الدراسة بأن على المسلم أن يتحرى الحقائق ضمن دائرة تكليفه وإحساسه بالمسؤولية، فلا يغتر بالعلوم التي تدعي شفاء الإنسان ونجاته من الهلاك، بل عليه أن يكون يقظاً في كل ما يأخذ ويرد، وعلى الآباء أن يدركوا مسؤوليتهم في التربية وبناء الأسرة.
مفهوم الأخلاق في الفكر الإسلامي والفكر الغربي (دراسة وصفية)
Authors:   دكتوراه في الأصول الإسلامية للتربية، جامعة أم القرى، مكة المكرمة، المملكة العربية السعودية, القثامي سلطان
Published: November 2024

جاءت هذه الدراسة تحت عنوان مفهوم الأخلاق في الفكر الإسلامي والفكر الغربي، وهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى بيان مفهوم الأخلاق في الفكر الإسلامي، وبيان مفهوم الأخلاق في الفكر الغربي، وتكمن أهمية هذه الدراسة في كونها تساعد في فهم الأصول الفلسفية والأخلاقية لكل من الفكر الإسلامي والفكر الغربي، مما يعزز فهمنا لكيفية تطور مفاهيم الأخلاق، وأهمية الأخلاق في توجيه سلوك الأفراد والمجتمعات، وأن الأخلاق ليست مجرد نظرية فلسفية، بل هي أساس لبناء مجتمعات سليمة ومتوازنة. واتبعت هذه الدراسة المنهج الوصفي، وكان من أبرز نتائجها أن الأخلاق في الفكر الإسلامي تستمد قيمتها من الوحي الإلهي، وتتميز بكونها شاملة ومتكاملة، وتغطي جميع جوانب الحياة الفردية والاجتماعية، ويؤكد الفكر الإسلامي على أهمية التوازن بين حقوق الفرد ومسؤولياته تجاه المجتمع، بينما تتنوع المفاهيم الأخلاقية في الفكر الوضعي بشكل كبير، حيث يركز بعض الفلاسفة على العقل، والبعض الآخر على المجتمع، يفتقر الفكر الوضعي إلى مرجعية إلهية واضحة للأخلاق، ويعتبرها نسبية. وفي ضوء ما توصلت له الدراسة يوصي الباحث بأن يجب على الفرد أن يجعل القرآن الكريم والسنة النبوية الشريفة مرجعًا أساسيًا في حياته، وأن يسعى لتطبيق تعاليمهما في جميع جوانبها، كما يجب تربية النشء على الأخلاق الإسلامية منذ الصغر، من خلال الأسرة والمدرسة والمسجد، وتقديم القدوات الحسنة لهم، ويجب على الأسرة أن تعزز الترابط بين أفرادها، وأن تبني بيئة آمنة ومحبة تحفز على الأخلاق الحميدة، وعلى المؤسسات التعليمية أن تدرج مادة الأخلاق الإسلامية في مناهجها، وأن تهتم بتعليم الطلاب القيم الأخلاقية، بالإضافة لوسائل الإعلام يجب أن تساهم في نشر القيم الأخلاقية، وأن تتجنب كل ما من شأنه أن يفسد الأخلاق.
25. CHẤT LƯỢNG CUỘC SỐNG CỦA NGƯỜI BỆNH PHẪU THUẬT CẮT TÚI MẬT TẠI BỆNH VIỆN HỮU NGHỊ ĐA KHOA NGHỆ AN NĂM 2024
Authors: Hải Lê Hồ Thị , Bình Trần Ngọc
Published: November 2024

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Phân tích sự thay đổi chất lượng cuộc sống (CLCS) của người bệnh (NB) trước và sau phẫu thuật (PT) cắt túi mật tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Đa khoa Nghệ An năm 2024.
Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang có phân tích. Nghiên cứu toàn bộ 170 NB PT cắt túi mật tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Đa khoa Nghệ An từ tháng 1 đến tháng 7 năm 2024.
Kết quả nghiên cứu: Điểm trung bình CLCS của NB sau PT được cải thiện hơn trước PT trongtất cả các lĩnh vực: CLCS chung (72,36 ± 9,97 so với 82,17 ± 8,37; p < 0,001), các triệu chứng cơ bản (64,52 ± 10,88 so với 66,15 ± 10,34; p < 0,001), sức khỏe tinh thần (56,96 ± 19,54 so với 81,23 ± 12,00; p < 0,001), sức khỏe thể chất (56,15 ± 20,37 so với 76,84 ± 16,38; p < 0,001), hoạt động xã hội (66,62 ± 16,18 so với 74,08 ± 15,51; p < 0,01) và các triệu chứng đặc trưng khác (92,02 ± 6,92 so với 96,15 ± 3,38; p < 0,001). Sau PT cắt túi mật NB có CLCS tốt hơn chiếm 71,8%; 27,6% NB có CLCS không đổi; 0,6% BN có CLCS xấu hơn.
Kết luận: Điểm số CLCS trung bình của NB sau PT cao hơn trước PT (85,66 ± 7,11 so với 72,36 ± 9,97, p < 0,001) và được cải thiện trên cả 5 lĩnh vực CLCS chung, các triệu chứng cơ bản, sức khỏe tinh thần, sức khỏe thể chất, hoạt động xã hội.