bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estrategias de neuromarketing en el ámbito digital para la Industria del chocolate: Caso Flaviópolis, Cantón Portoviejo, 2024
Authors: Nuñez-Flores Lizeth , Vidal-Fernández Pablo
Published: May 2024

En este artículo se presentan estrategias de neuromarketing para la marca de chocolate FLAVIOPOLIS, con el objetivo de fortalecer su posición competitiva en el mercado digital. Las estrategias se fundamentan en técnicas de neuromarketing destinadas adaptar los mensajes publicitarios a las preferencias y necesidades del consumidor. Se reconoce la importancia del neuromarketing para mejorar la navegabilidad, el diseño y el contenido de las plataformas digitales, influenciando así la percepción de la marca y atrayendo nuevos clientes. La investigación integra la revisión de conceptos y teorías sobre las emociones del consumidor y su relación con la marca. Además, se lleva a cabo un diagnóstico situacional sobre la presencia digital de la marca en el ecosistema digital. La investigación incluirá métodos cuantitativo y cualitativo a través de entrevista al personal de la empresa y encuesta aplicada a la población de la ciudad de Portoviejo, Ecuador. Los resultados revelan una baja conciencia de marca entre los consumidores encuestados, así como una escasa adopción del comercio electrónico en la compra de chocolates. A pesar de esto, se observa una preferencia por el chocolate en barra y una valoración positiva de factores como la calidad y el precio. Este estudio resalta la importancia de implementar estrategias efectivas de neuromarketing en el ámbito digital para mejorar la posición competitiva de FLAVIOPOLIS. Se destaca la necesidad de fortalecer la conciencia de marca y de mejorar la experiencia de compra en línea para atraer y retener clientes en el mercado digital.
Diseño de estrategias de marketing digital para el posicionamiento de la marca corporativa Joecesmill en la Parroquia Guaytacama en el 2024
Authors: Chancusig-Poma Henry , Santamaría-Manobanda Geovanny
Published: May 2024

El marketing digital está en auge en la actualidad y se considera una estrategia eficaz para las empresas que buscan posicionarse en el mercado captando nuevos clientes. Esta investigación fue de tipo mixta (cuantitativa y cualitativa), con la metodología descriptiva se direccionó a través de 70 encuestas a una muestra siendo la Parroquia Guaytacama de la Provincia de Cotopaxi, se han diseñado estrategias de marketing digital para posicionar la marca corporativa de la microempresa Joecesmil, también se entrevistó a tres expertas en el área textil. Como resultado se tiene que el 97,1% tiene acceso a internet todos los días, el 87,1% conoce o ha escuchado de las redes sociales, herramientas del marketing digital a su vez el 66.6% aprovecha de una plataforma digital con la intención de generar un ingreso y promocionar su identidad corporativa. Por consiguiente, los resultados conseguidos con base es la indagación documental como de los expertos en el sector textil, se menciona que las redes sociales es una estrategia de negocio factible obteniendo buenos resultados como es la red Facebook, Tik Tok por lo que sería conveniente diseñar la misma en la microempresa tomando el análisis de estudio en la presente investigación.
Influencia de la estrategia de social media marketing en la intención de compra del consumidor esmeraldeño de agua embotellada
Authors: Feijoo-Arroyo Gabriela , Uzcátegui-Sánchez Carolina
Published: May 2024

Este trabajo investiga la influencia de la estrategia de social media marketing en la intención de compra del consumidor esmeraldeño de agua, aborda el contenido generado por la empresa, por el usuario en redes sociales y el eWOM, resaltando su importancia para acercarse al cliente y generar interés en los productos y servicios. Se menciona la relevancia de las redes sociales en el ámbito publicitario y cómo estas pueden influir en la intención de compra del consumidor.
Se llevó a cabo una recolección de datos a través de un cuestionario diseñado para medir las variables de interés. Utilizando esta información, se desarrolló un modelo de regresión lineal que permitió estimar la influencia de estas variables en la intención de compra de agua embotellada de marca Nativa. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que el contenido generado por los usuarios y la comunicación electrónica boca a boca (ewom) tienen un impacto positivo y significativo en la intención de compra de la marca.
Manifestações orais em pacientes submetidos ao tratamento quimioterápico ou radioterápico: Uma revisão literária
Authors: Barros Camila Madeira de Sousa , Verde Giselle Maria Ferreira Lima , Araújo Lucas Pacheco de , Campos Marta Rosado de Oliveira , Moreira Thiago Henrique Gonçalves
Published: May 2024

Introdução: O câncer é caracterizado por manifestações anormais de células que ocasionam deterioração dos tecidos do corpo, é possível observar que pacientes submetidos ao tratamento apresentam necessidades odontológicas significativas que demandam atendimento prévio a oncoterapia. Objetivo: Avaliar as manifestações orais em pacientes oncológicos decorrentes de tratamentos quimioterápicos e radioterápicos através de revisão literária. Metodologia: A referida pesquisa é uma revisão literária integrativa. A fundamentação científica foi efetuada nas seguintes bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Scientific Electronic Library Online e PubMed, empregando expressões de busca como Odontologia, Oncologia, sintomas orais e tratamento quimioterápico, cobrindo o período de 2018 a 2023. Resultados: De acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade 125 artigos foram encontrados, após triagem da literatura, 10 artigos foram inclusos e tiveram dados tabulados. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o tratamento radioterápico e quimioterápico causam manifestações orais que influenciam negativamente na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos.
Re-evaluating the Need for Routine Maximal Aerobic Capacity Testing within Fighter Pilots
Authors: Zeigler Zachary , Acevedo Anthony M.
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION: There is a current belief in aviation suggesting that aerobic training may reduce G-tolerance due to potential negative impacts on arterial pressure response. Studies indicate that increasing maximal aerobic capacity (o2 max) through aerobic training does not hinder G-tolerance. Moreover, sustained centrifuge training programs revealed no instances where excessive aerobic exercise compromised a trainee’s ability to complete target profiles. The purpose of this review article is to examine the current research in the hope of establishing the need for routine o2-max testing in air force pilot protocols.

METHODS: A systematic search of electronic databases including Google Scholar, PubMed, the Aerospace Medical Association, and Military Medicine was conducted. Keywords related to “human performance,” “Air Force fighter pilots,” “aerobic function,” and “maximal aerobic capacity” were used in various combinations. Articles addressing exercise physiology, G-tolerance, physical training, and fighter pilot maneuvers related to human performance were considered. No primary data collection involving human subjects was conducted; therefore, ethical approval was not required.

RESULTS: The o2-max test provides essential information regarding a pilot’s ability to handle increased Gz-load. It assists in predicting G-induced loss of consciousness by assessing anti-G straining maneuver performance and heart rate variables during increased G-load.

DISCUSSION: o2-max testing guides tailored exercise plans, optimizes cardiovascular health, and disproves the notion that aerobic training hampers G-tolerance. Its inclusion in air force protocols could boost readiness, reduce health risks, and refine training for fighter pilots’ safety and performance. This evidence-backed approach supports integrating o2-max testing for insights into fitness, risks, and tailored exercise.

Zeigler Z, Acevedo AM. Re-evaluating the need for routine maximal aerobic capacity testing within fighter pilots. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(5):273–277.
Global Cardiovascular Risk and Associated Factors in 2792 French Military and Civilian Aircrew
Authors: Huiban Nicolas , Gehant Mélanie , Brocq François-Xavier , Collange Fanny , Mayet Aurélie , Monteil Marc
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are a major public health issue, the prevention of which plays a key role in promoting flight safety. However, few studies have looked at the determinants of the overall risk of CV morbidity-mortality within the various aeronautical occupations.

METHODS: A monocentric, observational, cross-sectional study was based on the retrospective data collected during 6 mo at the Toulon Aeromedical Center. From October 2017 to April 2018, 2792 professional aircrew ages 18–74 were included. The overall CV risk was estimated using the European Society of Cardiology SCORE and the Framingham model, as well as a summation model.

RESULTS: More than two-thirds of this mainly male population (86.2%) had no more than one CV risk factor [69.9% (68.2–71.6)]. In 82.5% of cases, this was dyslipidemia according to current European criteria [55.8% (52.4–59.1)] or smoking [26.7% (23.8-29.8)]. An overall risk level of “moderate” to “very high” concerned only one subject in five according to the SCORE model [20.1% (18.6-21.6)], one in six according to Framingham [16.3% (14.9-17.7)] and almost one in three according to the summation model [30.1% (28.4-31.9)].

DISCUSSION: Multivariate analyses found no significant associations between socio-professional criteria and overall risk levels. The results have underlined the effect of dyslipidemia and smoking on early risk among applicants. Beyond the illustration of favorable cardiovascular status among aircrews related to the standards of selection and close monitoring process, areas for improvement were identified, inviting the development of prevention strategies around the “moderate” overall CV risk.

Huiban N, Gehant M, Brocq F-X, Collange F, Mayet A, Monteil M. Global cardiovascular risk and associated factors in 2792 French military and civilian aircrew. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(5):233–244.
STRUCTURE, OPTICAL PROPERTIES AND PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVIYY OF UNDOPED, La2O3-DOPED ZnO NANOCOMPOSITES
Authors: Chudinovych Olga , Myroniuk Denys , Myroniuk Liliia , Danylenko Ihor , Olifan Olena
Published: May 2024

La-doped ZnO nanocomposites with di­ffe­rent content of La2O3 (1–5%) were obtained by the Pechini method from their nitrate solutions. The solutions of Zn2+ and La3+ nitrates were preliminary obtained by dissolving of zinc and lanthanum oxides with a content of the main component of 99.99% in nitric acid. The influence of lanthanum doping the on the microstructure, morphology, optical pro­perties and photocatalytic activity of the ZnO nanopowders were examined. The properties of the nanopowders were studied by using X-ray phase analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The samples were subjected to X-ray powder diffraction using a DRON-3 diffractometer (Cu-K radiation) at room temperature. The scan angle was 0.05–0.1 ° in the range 2 = 15–90 °. X-ray phase ana­lysis confirms the formation of single phase of La2O3-doped ZnO powders on diffractograms. Raman light scattering and photoluminescence spectra were recorded using a Horiba Jobin‑Yvon T64000 spectrometer equipped with a CCD detector at room temperature in the inverse scattering geometry. According to SEM results, the powders characterized a conglomerate structure. The undoped ZnO has an average particle size of 43 nm, while the average particle size of La3+-doped ZnO ranges from 64 to 80 nm. It was established that the morphology of powder particles primarily depends on the content of La3+ in the material. An increase in the amount of La3+ in zinc oxide leads to an increase in the specific surface area (from 3.8 to 11.8 m2/g). In the photoluminescence spectra of ZnO powders, with increasing La2O3 concentration, bands at 400 nm are observed due to the appearance of impurities that cause of interstitial zinc and zinc vacancy defects and their broade­ning with a shift to the long-wave region. Photocatalytic properties of ZnO pow­ders doped with lanthanum oxide were in­vestigated using Methyl Orange as a model dye under Osram Ultra-Vitalux lamp (300 W) irradiation. A present result indicates that the obtained powders are potential candidate for the practical application in photocatalysis.
Analisis Implementasi Corporate Culture Bank Sumut Syariah KCP Rantauprapat Prapat
Authors: Ulfah Djuhair Nadya , Armayani Hasibuan Reni Ria , Adinata Uzlan , Reyfandy Mohammad
Published: May 2024

Tujuan Peneilitian ini adalah untuk memahami dan menemukan cara penerapan budaya atau culture di tinjau dari perspektif ekonomi islam. Dalam penelitian akan dikaji rumusan masalahnya yaitu bagaimana implementasi budaya perusahaan berbasis perspektif Islam pada Bank Sumut Syariah Kcp Rantau Prapat. Metode metode kualitatif dengan deskriptif menggunakan data sekunder dan primer. Pengumpulan datanya berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Selain itu, penelitian ini menemukan tiga bagian dalam penerapan budaya perusahaan di Bank Sumut Syariah KCP Rantau Prapat. Pertama, nilai-nilai perusahaan, visi, misi, dan motto perusahaan (singkatnya TERBAIK). Kedua, penguatan pegawai terkait budaya perusahaan Bank Sumut Syariah KCP Syariah RantauPrapat. Ketiga, Bank Sumut Syariah KCP Rantau Prapat telah mengembangkan strategi untuk menciptakan budaya perusahaan yang baik dengan menyebarkannya ke seluruh karyawan. Sosialisasi ini berlangsung saat rapat kerja atau saat apel pagi.
PERAN TABUNGAN DALAM MENGHIMPUN DANA PIHAK KETIGA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA BANK SUMUT KCP SYARIAH SIMPANG KAYU BESAR
Authors: Yusuf Yusuf , Jannah Nurul , Achmad Hamdani
Published: May 2024

The development of banking in Indonesia is currently relatively stable and continues to grow; this study aims to determine the role of savings in raising third-party funds at Bank Sumut Syariah KCP Simpang Kayu Besar. The research method used in this research is qualitative research with descriptive analysis technique. The source of the data in this research is the primary data is interviewed by the bank, and the secondary data in this study is a literature study. The bank usually collects third-party funds from the public by using the bank's products consisting of demand deposits, savings and time deposits. At PT. Bank Sumut Syariah KCP Simpang Kayu Besar DPK was very high on deposit products in 2019; during the Covid-19 pandemic, stakes could have been more helpful in increasing the bank's DPK. Savings are essential in growing third-party funds at Bank Sumut Syariah KCP Simpang Kayu Besar.
JASA GESTUN SHOPEE PAYLATER SISTEM BARCODE DI E-COMMERCE MARKETPLACE SHOPEE PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI SYARI’AH
Authors: Indah Retno , Mahfudz Masyhuri
Published: May 2024

The existence of Shopee Paylater is a form of development in the world of technology that makes it easy for everyone to shop from anywhere and at any time through the Shopee Paylater marketplace. The limit provided at Shopee Paylater also makes it easier for buyers who don't have money to use the existing limit on Shopee Paylater, which ranges from 750,000 to tens of millions. The system implemented in Shopee Pay later is buy now pay later. However, as time went on, many did not follow the existing regulations at Shopee Paylater with the emergence of a cash swipe service or commonly called a gestun which was used to withdraw the existing limit on Shopee Paylater. Actions like this clearly violate the regulations in the Shopee application itself. The purpose of this study is to find out whether the Shopee Paylater gesture service is in accordance with the principles of the Shari'ah Economy. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method in which the researcher describes how the practice of gestune barcode services on Shopee Paylater and a review of Islamic law is in accordance with the principles of shari'ah. The results of this study are that the practice of gestune services is not allowed because it has violated the rules in the Shopee Paylater marketplace. From the point of view of Islamic law, withdrawing the limit on e-money is one of the conditions if you want to use e-money. However, in terms of liquidating the limit on Shopee Paylater it is not allowed because it has clearly violated the regulations in the Shopee marketplace.
A clinical case of a continuous course of ulcerative with extra-intestinal manifestations
Authors: Bikbavova G. R. , Livzan V. A. , Akhmedov V. A. , Tretyakova T. V. , Voyat V. A. , Telyatnikova L. I.
Published: May 2024

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the most serious and poor-studied problems of modern gastroenterology. This nosology is a diffuse inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, limited to the colon with a predominant lesion of the rectum and sigmoid colon. Due to the progressive nature of the disease, patients require lifelong drug therapy and monitoring. Extra-intestinal manifestations are often found in patients with UC and represent a complex problem that requires the close attention of specialists and the appointment of modern pathogenetically-based treatment, including genetically engineered biological drugs. This clinical observation reflects the importance of early diagnosis of UC with extra-intestinal manifestations – primary sclerosing cholangitis and arthropathy, as well as the effectiveness of treatment with ustekinumab.
Features of the management of patients with biliary dysfunctions with spasm of the sphincter of Oddi
Authors: Shelukhina S. V. , Vasilevskaya A. S. , Markova E. V. , Butov M. A. , Maslova O. A. , Zagravskaya I. A.
Published: May 2024

The aim. Assessment of clinical manifestations of biliary dysfunction, duodenal hypertension. The analysis of data on the effect of drugs of various pharmacological groups on the motor function of the gallbladder is carried out.

Materials and methods. We were examined 60 patients (18–50 years old, mean age 41±4.6 years), mostly women (44). All patients underwent a general clinical examination, including blood and urine tests, biochemical blood parameters, ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs and monitoring of gallbladder contractility, esophagogastroduodenoscopy. The examined patients were divided into 2 groups of 30 patients.

Results and conclusion. The use of choleretics for spasm of the sphincter of Oddi and symptoms of duodenal hypertension is not always justified. The leading link in the treatment of this type of biliary dysfunction are antispasmodics, which eliminate spasm of the sphincter zones, which restores the passage of bile through the biliary tract and reduces the phenomena of biliary insufficiency. Mebeverine hydrochloride also eliminates the phenomena of duodenal hypertension, which facilitates the removal of bile from the biliary tract. When choleretics are prescribed for the treatment of patients with biliary dysfunction with spasm of the sphincter of Oddi, it is quite possible that the course of this pathology will worsen.
A clinical case of an atypical clinical pattern of renal colic in a nonverbal patient
Authors: Frantsev R. S. , Derevyanko T. I. , Pavlenko I. V. , Hadzhiev O. G. , Osipov A. V. , Karaseva N. V. , Krupina O. O. , Tkachenko D. M.
Published: May 2024

Renal colic is a condition caused by the passage of a concretion from the kidney through the ureter into the bladder, which is accompanied by a pronounced pain syndrome. Patients with renal colic often seek emergency help with complaints of severe pain, nausea, dysuria. However, there is a category of people who, for various reasons, cannot verbally express their feelings. Such patients are called nonverbal. Nonverbal patients are people with severe cognitive impairments or those who are temporarily unable to speak due to surgery or illness, but they can still demonstrate pain using nonverbal signals.In this article, we present an observation of an atypical clinical picture of renal colic in a nonverbal elderly patient. In the observed woman, an acute attack of renal colic lasted 5 days and passed first under the «mask» of acute pancreatitis. Without receiving pathogenetic therapy, the patient developed acute obstructive pyelonephritis, septic shock, which was initially mistaken for an acute violation of cerebral circulation. The performed computed tomography (CT) helped to identify a concretion in the upper third of the ureter on the left, a violation of the outflow of urine from the left kidney. The patient urgently had a stent installed in the pelvis of the left kidney, urine outflow was restored, anti-inflammatory, detoxification, litolytic therapy was prescribed. After that, the patient's condition improved significantly, and after 3 months, a decrease in the size and fragmentation of the concretion was observed during the control CT scan.

Conclusion. Nonverbal patients are a special group of patients whose clinical picture may be blurred or atypical. Assessment of pain symptoms in nonverbal patients is difficult, which can lead to an incorrect diagnosis and lengthen the period of diagnosis of the disease. The timely diagnosis of renal colic in nonverbal patients is also affected by the localization of pain, since its irradiating nature can direct the diagnostic search «on the wrong track».
Schisandra chinensis in Liver Disease: Exploring the Mechanisms and Therapeutic Promise of an Ancient Chinese Botanical
Authors: Addissouky Tamer A. , El Sayed Ibrahim El Tantawy , Ali Majeed M. A. , Alubiady Mahmood Hasen Shuhata , Wang Yuliang
Published: May 2024

Background: Schisandra chinensis is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been used for centuries for liver health. The active lignans in Schisandra, including schisandrin and gomisins, have exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties in preliminary studies. With rising rates of chronic liver diseases globally, there is interest in the potential therapeutic role of Schisandra.
Purpose: To comprehensively review the current evidence for Schisandra chinensis in treating liver injury and disease and synthesize implications for future human research.
Main body: Schisandra extracts decreased inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers and increased endogenous antioxidant activity in animal models, suggesting utility in mitigating liver inflammation and damage. Additional preclinical studies demonstrated attenuated liver enzyme levels, necrosis, and fibrosis progression in chemical-induced hepatotoxicity with Schisandra treatment. Enhanced cytochrome P450 activity, glutathione production, and glycogen synthesis were also observed, improving detoxification and regeneration capacity. Small human trials in hepatitis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease showed improved liver enzymes and symptoms with Schisandra supplementation but were limited in quality and sample size.
Conclusion: Schisandra chinensis has biologically relevant mechanisms that warrant further human research on its role as a hepatoprotective phytotherapy. Well-designed, large-scale clinical trials are needed to establish efficacy and safety for liver disease applications.
Supervivencia o extinción de la especie aristocrática en el Ochocientos: El Gatopardo y la Casa de Salina
Authors: Fernández Blanco Patricia
Published: May 2024

Retrato de una clase social en decadencia, El Gatopardo refleja los sentimientos y reacciones de una familia noble sometida a los profundos e inevitables cambios del devenir histórico. El presente trabajo busca situar al lector dentro de la cambiante sociedad del Ochocientos italiano y retratar las características de la Casa aristocrática siciliana a través del romanzo italiano por excelencia. Su autor, Giuseppe Tomasi de Lampedusa, experimentó un siglo más tarde los mismos cambios que asolaron a su protagonista. Su única novela es un reflejo de los pensamientos, inquietudes y debates internos de ambos. Tras una breve biografía de su vida y la presentación de la obra, el artículo se centrará en la identificación de los principales pilares de la aristocracia y de la Casa de los Salina: el cabeza de familia y sus descendientes, las posesiones, el sentimiento de clase, su distinción social, y los rituales y ceremoniales que daban orden a todo. De este modo, se analizará el detallismo de la obra de Lampedusa y se ofrecerá un retrato preciso de la familia aristocrática italiana durante los años finales del siglo XIX.
¿Hobbes o Confucio? El cambio climático y las formas de identidad
Authors: Prada García Aurelio de
Published: May 2024

En tiempos de cambio climático antropogénico descontrolado que pone en peligro la supervivencia de la propia especie humana, parece obligado tener en cuenta una religión, política, filosofía… conocida habitualmente como “confucianismo” o “escuela de los letrados” pero cuya denominación literal 儒 家 rú jiā, alude precisamente al control humano 亻rén, de la lluvia, 雨 yǔ, para las plantas recién brotadas, 而 er, i.e., al control humano del clima. Así las cosas, en este trabajo analizaremos la compatibilidad de esa filosofía, política, religión… con el modelo político hoy dominante: el estado nación que tendría su expresión metafórica en el Leviatán hobbesiano y ello desde las maneras de ser, desde las formas de entender la identidad que comportan respectivamente y de cara a una posible solución que permita controlar dicho cambio climático antropogénico hoy por hoy fuera de control.
Dimensiones de la participación ciudadana en el ámbito local. Estudio de caso. La Región de Murcia.
Authors: Clavero Mira Esther , García Egea Agustín
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo busca describir las dinámicas que afectan a la intervención de la ciudadanía en la gestión pública local en la Región de Murcia, teniendo en cuenta que la intensidad participativa puede verse afectada por variables como el tamaño de los municipios, la ideología de sus gobiernos o la estructura asociativa que en ellos se haya desarrollado. Desde la perspectiva de los actores de la participación ciudadana (políticos, los funcionarios públicos y la ciudadanía) se traslada la necesidad de establecer un nuevo sistema de relaciones que mejore la gobernabilidad y recupere la legitimidad en las decisiones tomadas en el ámbito institucional como estrategia para dar mayor estabilidad al sistema político. Sin embargo, no se puede obviar que resignificar el mundo de las relaciones supone generar nuevas tensiones y conflictos en relación con el poder, aunque hay quien piensa que establecer mecanismos participativos y canalizar el descontento o las demandas sociales, sirve para silenciar de alguna forma esos conflictos que ya existen.
Swirling flow field reconstruction and cooling performance analysis based on experimental observations using physics-informed neural networks
Authors: Huang Weichen , Zhang Xu , Shao Hongyi , Chen Wenbin , He Yihong , Zhou Wenwu , Liu Yingzheng
Published: May 2024

The design of thermal protection modules (such as film cooling) for combustion chambers requires a high-fidelity swirling flow field. Although numerical methods provide insights into three-dimensional mechanisms of swirling flow, their predictions of key features such as recirculation zones and swirling jets are often unsatisfactory due to inherent anisotropy and the isotropic nature of the Boussinesq hypothesis. Experimental methods, such as hot wire, laser Doppler velocimetry, and planar particle image velocimetry (PIV), offer more accurate reference data but are limited by sparse or planar observations. In this study, considering the outperformed capability of solving inverse problems, physics-informed neural network (PINN) was adopted to reconstruct the mean swirling flow field based on limited experimental observations from two-dimensional and two-component (2D2C) results. It was found that adding partial information characterizing the swirling flow, such as the swirling jet, could significantly improve the reconstruction of flow field. In addition, film cooling effectiveness was the key variable to evaluate the film cooling performance, which was relatively measurable in the scalar field. To further improve the accuracy of the reconstruction, the multi-source strategy was adopted into the neural network, where the film cooling effectiveness (FCE) of the effusion plate was imported as the scalar source. It was found that the prediction of the flow field near the target plate was improved, where the highest error reduction could reach 76.5%. Finally, through the reconstructed three-dimensional vortex distribution, it was found that swirling flow vortex structures near the swirler exit had a significant impact on cooling effectiveness, causing a non-uniform cooling distribution. This study aims to diagnose the three-dimensional swirling flow field with deep learning by leveraging limited experimental data and deepen the understanding of effusion cooling under swirling flow condition so that obtains a more accurate reference in the design of thermal protection modules.
Chemical approach "structure-conformation" of regular gasoline in the ecuadorian fuel market
Authors:   Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Santana Romo Fabián Mauricio , Basantes Moreano Luis Fredy ,   Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Trujillo Sánchez Sergio Fabricio ,   Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Delgado Montenegro Ibeth de los Ángeles ,   Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Moncayo Espín Cristian Roberto ,   Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE
Published: May 2024

A source of chemical energy storage is fossil fuels that in Ecuador are represented by two derivatives: regular gasoline -EcoPlus- (89 octanes), premium -EcoPremium- (96 octanes), and diesel. This shows that the market is not only focused on automobiles but also on agricultural and industrial machinery. There is currently a remission of the sale price to the public as there are subsidies from the Ecuadorian government. Regular 89-octane gasoline is the most widely used for the abovementioned purposes and for implementing and adapting new proposals in modifying 4-stroke engines. This gasoline mixture's composition and octane isomers were analyzed for physicochemical properties related to its liquid state and intermolecular interactions concerning variables such as boiling points and volatility. With the three-dimensional conformation obtained, it was possible to correlate the variables, as mentioned earlier, with the stabilized structures in the gasoline mixtures.
Clinical outcomes and risk factors for mortality in recipients with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli infections after kidney transplantation treated with ceftazidime-avibactam: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Fei , Li Pengfei , Zhong Jinbiao , Ding Handong , Liao Guiyi , Liang Chaozhao
Published: May 2024

Background

Ceftazidime-avibactam is a treatment option for carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) infections. However, the risk factors associated with ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) treatment failure in kidney transplant (KT) recipients and the need for CAZ-AVI-based combination therapy remain unclear.

Methods

From June 2019 to December 2023, a retrospective observational study of KT recipients with CR-GNB infection treated with CAZ-AVI was conducted, with the primary outcome being 30-day mortality and secondary outcomes being clinical cure, microbiological cure, and safety. Risk factors for 30-day mortality and clinical failure were also investigated.

Results

A total of 81 KT recipients treated with CAZ-AVI were included in this study. Forty recipients (49.4%) received CAZ-AVI monotherapy, with a 30-day mortality of 22.2%. The clinical cure and microbiological cure rates of CAZ/AVI therapy were 72.8% and 66.7%, respectively. CAZ-AVI alone or in combination with other medications had no effect on clinical cure or 30-day mortality. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score (odds ratio [OR]: 4.517; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.397-14.607; P = 0.012) was an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality. Clinical cure was positively associated with the administration of CAZ-AVI within 48 hours of infection onset (OR: 11.009; 95% CI: 1.344-90.197; P=0.025) and negatively associated with higher APACHE II scores (OR: 0.700; 95% CI: 0.555-0.882; P=0.002). Four (4.9%) recipients experienced recurrence within 90 days after the initial infection, 3 (3.7%) recipients experienced CAZ-AVI-related adverse events, and no CAZ-AVI resistance was identified.

Conclusion

CAZ-AVI is an effective medication for treating CR-GNB infections following kidney transplantation, even as monotherapy. Optimization of CAZ/AVI therapy (used within 48 hours of infection onset) is positively associated with potential clinical benefit. Further larger-scale studies are needed to validate these findings.
Lactylproteome analysis indicates histone H4K12 lactylation as a novel biomarker in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Cui Zhaolei , Li Yanhong , Lin Yingying , Zheng Chaoqiang , Luo Lingqing , Hu Dan , Chen Yan , Xiao Zhenzhou , Sun Yang
Published: May 2024

Objective

The established link between posttranslational modifications of histone and non-histone lysine (K) residues in cell metabolism, and their role in cancer progression, is well-documented. However, the lactylation expression signature in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains underexplored.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive lactylproteome profiling of eight pairs of TNBC samples and their matched adjacent tissues. This was achieved through 4-Dimensional label-free quantitative proteomics combined with lactylation analysis (4D-LFQP-LA). The expression of identified lactylated proteins in TNBC was detected using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) with specific primary antibodies, and their clinicopathological and prognostic significance was evaluated.

Results

Our analysis identified 58 lactylation sites on 48 proteins, delineating the protein lactylation alteration signature in TNBC. Bioinformatic and functional analyses indicated that these lactylated proteins play crucial roles in regulating key biological processes in TNBC. Notably, lactylation of lysine at position 12 (H4K12lac) in the histone H4 domain was found to be upregulated in TNBC. Further investigations showed a high prevalence of H4K12lac upregulation in TNBC, with positive rates of 93.19% (137/147) and 92.93% (92/99) in TNBC tissue chip and validation cohorts, respectively. H4K12lac expression correlated positively with Ki-67 and inversely with overall survival (OS) in TNBC (HR [hazard ratio] =2.813, 95%CI [credibility interval]: 1.242-6.371, P=0.0164), suggesting its potential as an independent prognostic marker (HR=3.477, 95%CI: 1.324-9.130, P=0.011).

Conclusions

Lactylation is a significant post-translational modification in TNBC proteins. H4K12lac emerges as a promising biomarker for TNBC, offering insights into the lactylation profiles of TNBC proteins and linking histone modifications to clinical implications in TNBC.
Case report: GLP1RA for the treatment of diabetes in liver transplanted people. Do they increase the risk of pancreatitis?
Authors: Grancini Valeria , Cogliati Irene , Gaglio Alessia , Resi Veronica , Orsi Emanuela
Published: May 2024

The incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) in liver transplanted people is reported to be 1.5-8%. On the other hand, the evidence for a causal relationship between glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1RAs) and pancreatitis in people with type 2 diabetes is still weak. In addition, there are currently no data on a possible increased risk of AP in liver-transplanted individuals with diabetes treated with GLP1RAs. In a population of liver-transplanted individuals with diabetes receiving GLP1RA-based therapy, we reported an incidence of AP of 3.0% (two subjects). No cases were reported in liver-transplanted individuals with diabetes receiving SGLT2 inhibitors, insulin or metformin, neither in kidney or lung-transplanted patients treated with GLP1RAs. In both patients with AP, the only additional risk factor for its development was a history of re-transplantation (liver or combined kidney/liver). For this reason, we suggest particular caution when considering GLP1RAs-based therapies in liver transplanted patients with multiple risk factors for AP, such as a history of repeated and complex abdominal surgery.
Heterogeneity and plasticity of tissue-resident memory T cells in skin diseases and homeostasis: a review
Authors: Liu Guomu , Wang Ziyue , Li Shanshan
Published: May 2024

Skin tissue-resident memory T (Trm) cells are produced by antigenic stimulation and remain in the skin for a long time without entering the peripheral circulation. In the healthy state Trm cells can play a patrolling and surveillance role, but in the disease state Trm cells differentiate into various phenotypes associated with different diseases, exhibit different localizations, and consequently have local protective or pathogenic roles, such as disease recurrence in vitiligo and maintenance of immune homeostasis in melanoma. The most common surface marker of Trm cells is CD69/CD103. However, the plasticity of tissue-resident memory T cells after colonization remains somewhat uncertain. This ambiguity is largely due to the variation in the functionality and ultimate destination of Trm cells produced from memory cells differentiated from diverse precursors. Notably, the presence of Trm cells is not stationary across numerous non-lymphoid tissues, most notably in the skin. These cells may reenter the blood and distant tissue sites during the recall response, revealing the recycling and migration potential of the Trm cell progeny. This review focuses on the origin and function of skin Trm cells, and provides new insights into the role of skin Trm cells in the treatment of autoimmune skin diseases, infectious skin diseases, and tumors.
Phospho-mimetic CD3ε variants prevent TCR and CAR signaling
Authors: Woessner Nadine M. , Brandl Simon M. , Hartmann Sara , Schamel Wolfgang W. , Hartl Frederike A. , Minguet Susana
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Antigen binding to the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) leads to the phosphorylation of the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) of the CD3 complex, and thereby to T cell activation. The CD3ε subunit plays a unique role in TCR activation by recruiting the kinase LCK and the adaptor protein NCK prior to ITAM phosphorylation. Here, we aimed to investigate how phosphorylation of the individual CD3ε ITAM tyrosines impacts the CD3ε signalosome.

Methods

We mimicked irreversible tyrosine phosphorylation by substituting glutamic acid for the tyrosine residues in the CD3ε ITAM.

Results

Integrating CD3ε phospho-mimetic variants into the complete TCR-CD3 complex resulted in reduced TCR signal transduction, which was partially compensated by the involvement of the other TCR-CD3 ITAMs. By using novel CD3ε phospho-mimetic Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) variants, we avoided any compensatory effects of other ITAMs in the TCR-CD3 complex. We demonstrated that irreversible CD3ε phosphorylation prevented signal transduction upon CAR engagement. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that glutamic acid substitution at the N-terminal tyrosine residue of the CD3ε ITAM (Y39E) significantly reduces NCK binding to the TCR. In contrast, mutation at the C-terminal tyrosine of the CD3ε ITAM (Y50E) abolished LCK recruitment to the TCR, while increasing NCK binding. Double mutation at the C- and N-terminal tyrosines (Y39/50E) allowed ZAP70 to bind, but reduced the interaction with LCK and NCK.

Conclusions

The data demonstrate that the dynamic phosphorylation of the CD3ε ITAM tyrosines is essential for CD3ε to orchestrate optimal TCR and CAR signaling and highlights the key role of CD3ε signalosome to tune signal transduction.
Asymmetry response of storm surges along the eastern coast of the Taiwan Strait
Authors: Zhang Ruijie , Shen Junqiang , Li Li , Wang Yuting , Huang Jiang , Zeng Mingzhang , Guo Xiaogang
Published: May 2024

Spatiotemporal variation of storm surges in the Taiwan Strait (TWS) is studied using water level datasets from 14 tidal gauge stations located in the TWS from summer to fall of 2016. The effects of bathymetry on storm surges and tropical cyclone (TC)-induced continental shelf wave (CSW) are explored. By comparing water level response along the east coast of TWS, it is found that storm surges are asymmetric on the north and south sides of the Zhan-Yun Ridge (ZYR), regardless of the different categories and tracks of TCs passing by. Observations indicate that the ZYR could modulate the storm surges and the CSW propagation; ZYR can not only amplify the storm surges that generally peak around the ZYR, but also block the CSW propagation by dramatically dissipating its kinetic energy as revealed by the dispersion relation for the first mode CSW. Moreover, local wind work and the remote forcing, which are induced by TCs and cold fronts, respectively, can also modulate the synoptic variations of water level in the TWS.
Current status, challenges and prospects of antifouling materials for oncology applications
Authors: Zhang Yingfeng , Sun Congcong
Published: May 2024

Targeted therapy has become crucial to modern translational science, offering a remedy to conventional drug delivery challenges. Conventional drug delivery systems encountered challenges related to solubility, prolonged release, and inadequate drug penetration at the target region, such as a tumor. Several formulations, such as liposomes, polymers, and dendrimers, have been successful in advancing to clinical trials with the goal of improving the drug’s pharmacokinetics and biodistribution. Various stealth coatings, including hydrophilic polymers such as PEG, chitosan, and polyacrylamides, can form a protective layer over nanoparticles, preventing aggregation, opsonization, and immune system detection. As a result, they are classified under the Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) category. Serum, a biological sample, has a complex composition. Non-specific adsorption of chemicals onto an electrode can lead to fouling, impacting the sensitivity and accuracy of focused diagnostics and therapies. Various anti-fouling materials and procedures have been developed to minimize the impact of fouling on specific diagnoses and therapies, leading to significant advancements in recent decades. This study provides a detailed analysis of current methodologies using surface modifications that leverage the antifouling properties of polymers, peptides, proteins, and cell membranes for advanced targeted diagnostics and therapy in cancer treatment. In conclusion, we examine the significant obstacles encountered by present technologies and the possible avenues for future study and development.
Functional studies of plant transcription factors and their relevance in the plant root-knot nematode interaction
Authors: Domínguez-Figueroa Jose , Gómez-Rojas Almudena , Escobar Carolina
Published: May 2024

Root-knot nematodes are polyphagous parasitic nematodes that cause severe losses in the agriculture worldwide. They enter the root in the elongation zone and subtly migrate to the root meristem where they reach the vascular cylinder and establish a feeding site called gall. Inside the galls they induce a group of transfer cells that serve to nurture them along their parasitic stage, the giant cells. Galls and giant cells develop through a process of post-embryogenic organogenesis that involves manipulating different genetic regulatory networks within the cells, some of them through hijacking some molecular transducers of established plant developmental processes, such as lateral root formation or root regeneration. Galls/giant cells formation involves different mechanisms orchestrated by the nematode´s effectors that generate diverse plant responses in different plant tissues, some of them include sophisticated mechanisms to overcome plant defenses. Yet, the plant-nematode interaction is normally accompanied to dramatic transcriptomic changes within the galls and giant cells. It is therefore expected a key regulatory role of plant-transcription factors, coordinating both, the new organogenesis process induced by the RKNs and the plant response against the nematode. Knowing the role of plant-transcription factors participating in this process becomes essential for a clear understanding of the plant-RKNs interaction and provides an opportunity for the future development and design of directed control strategies. In this review, we present the existing knowledge of the TFs with a functional role in the plant-RKN interaction through a comprehensive analysis of current scientific literature and available transcriptomic data.
Response of beech and fir to different light intensities along the Carpathian and Dinaric Mountains
Authors: Čater Matjaž , Adamič Pia Caroline , Dařenova Eva
Published: May 2024

Predicting global change mitigations based on environmental variables, like temperature and water availability, although yielding insightful hypothesis still lacks the integration of environmental responses. Physiological limits should be assessed to obtain a complete representation of a species’ fundamental niche. Detailed ecophysiological studies on the response of trees along the latitudinal gradient are rare. They could shed light on the behaviour under different light intensities and other studied traits. The forests of the Dinaric Mountains and the Carpathians represent the largest contiguous forest complexes in south-eastern Europe. In uneven-aged Carpathian (8 plots) and Dinaric Mountain (11 plots) forests, net assimilation (Amax) and maximum quantum yield (Φ) were measured for beech and fir in three predefined light intensity categories according to the indirect site factor (ISF%) obtained by the analysis of hemispherical photographs in managed and old growth forests, all located above 800 m a.s.l. The measurements were carried out under fixed environmental conditions in each light category per plot for three consecutive years. Data from the last 50-year average period from the CRU TS 4.01 dataset were used for the comparison between Amax, Φ, and climate. The highest Φ for beech were observed in the central part of the Dinaric Mountains and in the south westernmost and northwesternmost part of the Carpathians for both beech and fir, while they were highest for fir in the Dinaric Mountains in the northwesternmost part of the study area. The Φ-value of beech decreased in both complexes with increasing mean annual temperature and was highest in the open landscape. For fir in the Carpathians, Φ decreased with increasing mean annual temperature, while in the Dinaric Mountains it increased with higher temperature and showed a more scattered response compared to the Carpathians. Short-term ecophysiological responses of beech and fir were consistent to long-term radial growth observations observed on same locations. The results may provide a basis and an indication of the future response of two tree species in their biogeographical range to climate change in terms of competitiveness, existence and consequently forest management decisions.