bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis de la actividad Comercial para la sostenibilidad en los negocios del CANTÓN SUCRE
Authors: Lemoine Quintero Frank Angel , Delgado Caicedo Yoselin Liceth , Hernández Rodríguez Norma Rafaela
Published: January 2020

La presente investigación persigue como objetivo el análisis de la actividad comercial para la sostenibilidad en los negocios que existen en Bahía de Caráquez. Se aplicó una técnica de muestreo para determinar la razón social de los negocios que aportó definir las actividades activas existentes. El método de observación identificó la situación existente en los negocios comerciales de la localidad y el método estadístico descriptivo accedió a identificar los tipos de actividades de los negocios, en el cual las tiendas representaron el 11,8%, los pequeños comedores y comidas rápidas el 17,2% y las empresas hoteleras el 6,5%. Se analizó el aporte tributario como política gubernamental existente y su nivel de cumplimiento, donde el 50,5% de los negocios activos posee Servicios de Rentas Internas del Ecuador (RUC), el 2,2 % cuenta con Servicios de Régimen de Incorporación Voluntaria del Ecuador (RISE) y el 20,4% de los establecimientos resultaron informales. El software REDATAM permitió analizar la correlación de las variables seleccionadas, donde se obtuvo como resultado que la agricultura, ganadería, silvicultura y pesca, que representan el 16,38%, es la principal fuente económica que aporta en la sostenibilidad del cantón.
Geographic trends in range sizes explain patterns in bird responses to urbanization in Europe
Authors: Ferenc Michal , Sedláček Ondřej , Fuchs Roman , Fraissinet Maurizio , Storch David
Published: January 2020

The probability of occurrence of bird species in towns/cities increases with their range sizes, and Rapoport’s rule states that range sizes increase with latitude. To test the hypothesis that the increasing number of bird species persisting in cities at higher latitudes of Europe is linked to their larger range sizes, we compiled data on bird communities of: a) 41 urban bird atlases; b) 37 city core zones from published sources; c) regions of nine grid cells of the EBCC Atlas of European Breeding Birds around each city. We tested whether the proportion of species from particular regional bird assemblages entering cities (i.e., proportional richness) was related to the geographical position, mean range size of regional avifaunas, proportion of vegetated areas and city habitat heterogeneity. The mean range sizes of the observed and randomly selected urban avifaunas were contrasted. The proportional richness of urban avifaunas was positively related to the geographic position and mean range size of birds in regional assemblages. The evidence favoured range sizes if considering the European range sizes or latitudinal extents, but was limited for global range sizes. Randomizations tended to show larger range sizes for the real avifaunas than in the randomly selected ones. For urban core zones, the results were less clear-cut with some evidence only in favour of the European range sizes. No role of vegetation or habitat heterogeneity was found. In conclusion, while vegetation availability or heterogeneity did not show any effects, spatial position and range sizes of birds in regional assemblages seemed to influence the proportional richness of cities and their core zones. Factors correlated with spatial position (e.g., climate) might increase the attractivity of particular cities to birds. However, the effects of range sizes indicated that urbanization possibly has more negative impacts on the avifauna in the regions occupied by less widespread species.
Nursing students’ experiences of caring for dying patients and their families: a systematic review and meta-synthesis
Authors: Wang Yan
Published: January 2020

Objective

Nurses play important roles in caring for dying patients and their families. Difficulties students confronted when facing dying patients challenge the quality of nursing education. A better understanding of students’ experiences would enhance teachers’ ability in helping students. This study aims to describe available evidence about nursing students’ experiences when caring for dying patients and their families.

Methods

A review of qualitative studies published between 2005 and 2017 was undertaken using the following databases: MEDLINE, CINAHL, ProQuest Central, ScienceDirect, and CNKI. The keywords included were nursing students, experience, care, end-of-life, and dying. Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument was used to assess the quality of the studies by two independent reviewers. The data from the studies were analyzed by meta-synthesis.

Results

Eighteen English and two Chinese studies were selected in this review. Four themes were emerged: (1) Students with dying patients: students did not have enough ability in symptoms control, comfort supply, and therapeutic communication for dying patients. (2) Students with the patients’ families: students advocated more caring for patients’ families. (3) Students with the surroundings: professional medical staffs, especially the nursing preceptors, were key roles in constructing a supporting system for students. (4) Students with themselves: nursing students underwent various negative feelings and adopted both negative and positive strategies to cope with such feelings; students experienced professional and personal development during the caring for dying patients.

Conclusions

Nursing students’ abilities in terminal symptom control, comfort supply, and therapeutic communication should be improved by more theoretic learning and simulation practice. The nursing preceptors were key roles in constructing a supporting system for students and helping them to control the negative emotions when facing dying patients.
Awareness and knowledge of human papillomavirus vaccination and their influential factors among Chinese women: a systematic review
Authors: Tang Gui-Dan , Zeng Gu-Qing , Zhao Bi-Xia , Li Yun-Li , Wang Rong , Wan Yan-Ping
Published: January 2020

Objectives

To systematically review the knowledge attitudes and the influential factors on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among Chinese women.

Methods

Published studies on knowledge and attitudes of HPV vaccination for preventing cervical cancer among Chinese female population were retrieved using the major Chinese and English databases. Meanwhile, handwork retrieval was also conducted and the references including in the literature were retrieved. The quality of the literature was rigorously evaluated and extracted independently by two researchers and the data were analyzed and described by review manager 5.3 (RevMan5.3) software.

Results

In all, 19 articles including 8 articles in Chinese and 11 in English were chosen. A total of 30,176 participants were included and the sample size ranged from 64 to 6,024. The overall awareness of HPV and HPV vaccine among Chinese women was at a low level. Chinese women generally showed poor knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccine. Acceptance of HPV vaccination among Chinese women was at a high level. Vaccination intentions were influenced by the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and measured by attitudes subjective norms and perceived behavioral control.

Conclusions

The health authorities may evaluate and develop TPB-based interventions to increase HPV vaccination intentions of Chinese women. HPV vaccination programs should focus on carrying out multi-level and targeted health education and developing effective public health strategies after balancing the cost and benefit of HPV vaccine program. Medical staff should play the positive role in promoting the use of HPV vaccines in China. Integration of policy and community perspectives and multi-level interventions are essential to maximize the public health benefits of HPV vaccination.
Implementation of National Technological Absorptive Capacity framework to Motivate High Technology Application in Bac Kan Agricultural Production
Authors: Huu Buong Duong
Published: January 2020

The application of high technology in agricultural production plays an important role in agricultural development, promoting economic growth, minimizing natural resources depletion, reducing environmental pollution, creating high quality and competitive products that meet the market demand. However, this implementation faces certain difficulties. This article will analyze the national technology absorption capacity and the struggles of its execution in Bac Kan province, and at the same time, proposes criteria for applying the national technology absorptive capacity framework in Bac Kạn.
Managerial Communication System for the Operation of Learning Acceleration Programs
Authors: Huda Miftakhul
Published: January 2020

Research on managerial communication in special classes was essential because it has unique characteristics and need specialized administrative too. This study aimed to find out the mixture of communication in the managerial communication system for the implementation of accelerated classes at State Senior High School 3 Surakarta. The type of this research was descriptive qualitative. The research subjects consisted of the school principals, the administrators of the acceleration program, and the parents of accelerated students at State Senior High School 3 Surakarta. The Data collection techniques in this study used interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The mixture of communication, which was consists of four components, those are advertising (socialization), personal sales, sales promotion, and public relations contained in the managerial communication system for the acceleration of learning programs. There were three forms of socialization programs for accelerating programs; visiting schools, maximizing brochures and web utilization. Types of socialization itself include selective demand advertising and indirect socialization. Based on the school's potential, a socialization model can be developed in the form of making school magazines, parent/guardian forums, and holding event activities.

Keywords: Managerial Communication System, Operation of Learning Acceleration Programs
Where Would the Federal Funds Rate Be, If It Could Be Negative?
Authors: Talman Ellis W. , Zaman Saeed
Published: January 2020

In the wake of Great Recession, the Federal Reserve engaged in conventional monetary policy actions by reducing the federal funds rate. But soon the rate hit zero, and could go no lower. In such environments, policymakers still think in terms of where the federal funds rate should be, were it possible to go negative. To project the "unconstrained path" of the funds rate—ignoring the zero lower bound—and to identify the key underlying shocks driving that path, we employ a statistical macroeconomic forecasting model. We find that the federal funds rate would have been extremely negative during 2009-2010.
Relating Learner Empowerment with Learner Self-Regulation Learning in Higher Education
Authors: Tahira Batool  , Ghazala Noureen  , Zobia Ayuob
Published: January 2020

The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship of Learner empowerment and Self-regulation at university level. The researcher conducted a survey by administering the questionnaire to collect a data on a sample of 300 students in which 150 male students and 150 female students in District Lahore were included. Data were analyzed by using inferential and descriptive statistics. Researcher has used two instruments first one learner empowerment and second students’ self- regulation. Learner empowerment composed of three factors and students’ self-regulation also has three factors. Sample was selected by random sampling technique. There were 22 statements of Learner empowerment questionnaire and 23 statements of Self-regulation questionnaire. The Study revealed that students’ level of Self- regulation was high. The study also revealed that most of students were much empowered on overall learner empowerment scale and its three components. The study was also found positive and strong relationship between Learner empowerment and students’ Self-regulation at university level. It can be concluded from the findings of the study that Self-regulation and Learner empowerment are correlated and strengthen to each other.
El desplazamiento forzado interno en México y la ineficacia de las normas de protección
Authors: Martínez Montoya Hugo
Published: January 2020

El desplazamiento forzado interno en México, como consecuencia de la violencia generalizada y los conflictos generados por el control que ejerce el crimen organizado, es un problema que se ha incrementado con el paso del tiempo. Esta incidencia crimina que desplaza familias enteras, se ha fortalecido por la inacción de la administración pública. La ausencia de políticas públicas por parte del Estado ha provocado un éxodo forzado colectivo en la entidad federativa de Guerrero. Este artículo trata uno de los temas más importantes en la sociedad fronteriza del norte de México.
MENGKRITISI PEMBERLAKUAN TEORI FIKSI HUKUM (Criticising Enactment Of Law Fiction Theory)
Authors: HSB Ali Marwan
Published: January 2020

Dalam sistem pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia, masih kita temui adanya pemberlakuan teori fiksi hukum.Dimana semua orang dianggap tahu hukum apabila sudah diundangkan dalam lembaran resmi dan ketidaktahuan seseorang atas hukum atau peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku tidak membebaskan seseorang itu dari tuntutan hukum (igronantia iuris neminem excusat).Hal ini tentu bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai keadilan yang ada di masyarakat.Diperlukan upaya-upaya untuk mengikis keberlakuan teori fiksi hukum ini.Hal inilah yang menjadi pokok permasalahan dalam tulisan ini.Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif dan untuk memperoleh data digunakan studi perundang-undangan dan telaah kepustakaan.Dari hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa teori fiksi hukum masih diberlakukan dalam sistem peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Untuk mengikis keberlakuan teori fiksi hukum dapat dilakukan 2 (dua) upaya baik dari pemerintah maupun dari masyarakat, yaitu publikasi oleh lembaga pembentuk peraturan perundang-undangan dan partisipasi aktif dari masyarakat dalam proses pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan tersebut.AbstractIn Indonesia, we still find an enactment of law fiction theory in the system of legislation formation. Where everyone is regarded to know the law when it is legislated in the official gazette and one`s ignorance on the law or provisions of legislation do not make one free of prosecution (igronantia iuris neminem excusat). It is against the justice values in the society. It is needed effort to erase its enactment, that is the main problem in this research. It uses normative law method. Collecting data by literature and legislation search. The result of this research shows that Indonesia still enact law fiction theory in legislation system. To efface its efficacy can be conducted 2 (two) attempts, both government and society as well, that is publication by lawmaker or legislator and society participation in the establishment of legislation process.
KESADARAN BADAN HUKUM YAYASAN PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA (Persepsi dan Kesadaran Hukum Masyarakat) Awareness Of Legal Entity Of Education Foundation In Indonesia (Perception And Society Legal Awareness)
Authors: Simatupang Taufik H
Published: January 2020

Salah satu faktor memperburuk citra pendidikan swasta di Indonesia adalah banyaknya orang mendirikan yayasan pendidikan untuk mencari keuntungan pendiri dan pengurusnya tanpa memperhatikan kualitas pendidikan yang dikelola. Tujuan pendirian yayasan bersifat sosial, namun pada akhirnya disalahgunakan oleh kalangan yang kurang memahami dunia pendidikan. Permasalahan penelitian adalah bagaimana persepsi pengurus yayasan pendidikan dan notaris terkait undang-undang yayasan, kesadaran dan kendala yang dihadapai dalam pelaksanaannya. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analisis yang bertujuan menggambarkan kondisi sebenarnya dilapangan tentang bagaimana pelaksanaan penyesuaian anggaran dasar yayasan sesuai dengan ketentuan UU Nomor 28 Tahun 2004 tentang Yayasan. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan secara umum setiap yayasan pendidikan (pendiri, pengawas dan pengurus) mengetahui keberadaan dari UU nomor 28 Tahun 2004 Tentang Perubahan UU Nomor 16 Tahun 2001 Tentang Yayasan. Namun pemahaman dimaksud belum sampai kepada hal-hal yang bersifat substantif terutama kewajiban untuk menyesuaikan anggaran dasar dan pengesahannya kepada Kementerian Hukum dan HAM. Yayasan pendidikan yang sudah berdiri sebelum dikeluarkannya UU Yayasan umumnya belum menyesuaikan anggaran dasarnya karena ada anggapannya akta pendirian yayasan yang dikeluarkan oleh notaris adalah bentuk badan hukum. Disamping alasan lain adanya tarik menarik kepentingan antar pendiri yayasan.AbstractOne of the factors that make worse private education imagery in Indonesia is people establish education foundation to get advantage/profit for its owner and its administrator without paying attention to its quality. But, sometimes, they who understand less about education make abuse of foundation establishment purpose as socially concerned, turn into personal interests. The problem of this research is how the perception of education foundation administrators and notary related to Foundation Act, awareness, and obstacles faced in its implementation. It is an analysis descriptive aimed to describe a real condition in the field on how adjustments implementation of the foundation article of association as stipulated in the Act Number 28 Year 2004 on the Foundation. The research concludes that, generally each education foundation (founder, supervisor, and administrator) know the existence of the Act Number 28 Year 2004 on Amendment the Act Number 16 Year 2001 on the Foundation. But, understanding of it has not come to substantive terms especially obligation to adjust the article of association and its legitimation to the Ministry of Law And Human Rights. Education foundations that establish before stipulating the Act have not adjusted its article of association because there is an assumption that deed of establishment of foundation issued by a notary is a legal entity. Beside other excuses that are the conflict of interests among the founders.
PENYELESAIAN KONFLIK SOSIAL (Studi Kasus Tawuran Warga Berlan dengan Palmeriam) (Social Conflict Completion According To The Law Number 7/2012 (Case Study of Brawl Between Berlan And Palmeriam Residents))
Authors: Yuliyanto Yuliyanto
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dua permasalahan: Pertama,konflik antara warga Berlan dan Palmeriam yangsudah berlangsung sejak lama dan masih terjadi sampai sekarang; Kedua,bagaimana menyelesaikan konflikantara warga Berlan dengan Palmeriam dan apaakar permasalahannya. Ketiga, apa dampak dari terjadinyakonflik antara warga Berlan dengan Palmeriam; Keempat,upaya penyelesaian yang telah dilakukan olehPemerintah dalam menyelesaikan tawuran antar warga Berlan dengan Palmeriam sesuai dengan amanat Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 2012. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data, peneliti menggunakan teknikwawancara kepada beberapa informan, yakni: tokoh masyarakat (Ketua RW dan Ketua FKDM), pemerintahdaerah (Lurah Kebon Manggis dan Lurah Palmeriam, Kepala Seksi Pemerintahan dan Kamtib KelurahanKebon Manggis dan Kelurahan Palmeriam, dan Kepala Sub Bidang Kewaspadaan Kantor Kesbangpol JakartaTimur, dan Kepala Kepolisian Sektor Matraman. Penelitian ini merupakan wujud dari peran serta Pemerintahdalam memenuhi hak atas rasa aman bagi masyarakat. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa, meskipun adabeberapa faktor yang menyebakan konflik antara warga Berlan dengan Palmeriam, namun kesalahpahamandan kenakalan remaja merupakan faktor yang dominan penyebab konflik tersebut. AbstractThis research identifies two issues: firstly: conflict between Berlan and Palmerian residents has been occurredfor long times until now; secondly: need a solution in finishing the conflict and find sources of problem. Fromidentification above, it will elaborate into items that is (1) what causative factors of conflict; (2) what theimpacts of that conflict; (3) what efforts of government to finish the conflict according to mandate of the ActNumber 7 Year 2012. The method in collecting data is interview with relevant informant to research issues.This research is role of government to satisfy rights of society security. It concludes that find some factorscause its conflict between Berlan and Palmeriam residents, but misunderstanding and juvenile delinquency aredominant factors lead that conflict.
Aspek Hukum Kebijakan Penyuluhan Hukum dalam Rangka Pelaksanaan Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak
Authors: Pardede Marulak
Published: January 2020

Dalam perkembangan sistem hukum pidana di Indonesia, khususnya tindak pidana anak, dikenal dengan istilah diversi yaitu pengalihan penyelesaian perkara anak  dari proses peradilan pidana ke proses di luar peradilan pidana. Diversi ini, dapat dilakukan atas persetujuan korban dan ancaman pidananya dibawah 7 (tujuh tahun) dan bukan merupakan pengulangan pidana. Namun demikian, apabila korban tidak menghendaki diversi maka proses hukumnya akan terus berlanjut. Berat ringannya perbuatan, keadaan pribadi anak, atau keadaan pada waktu dilakukan perbuatan atau yang terjadi kemudian dapat dijadikan dasar pertimbangan hakim untuk tidak menjatuhkan pidana atau mengenakan tindakan dengan mempertimbangkan segi keadilan dan kemanusiaan. Usia anak, berat ringannya perbuatan melawan hukum dapat dijadikan pertimbangan bahwa anak tersebut dipidana atau tidak. Dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan yuridis sosiologis; dan tipe penelitian ini adalah deskriptif; serta alat penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah studi kepustakaan/Library Studies, dan studi dokumen dari bahan primer dan sekunder, dan metode analisis data kualitatif, dapat dikemukakan bahwa: Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2011 tentang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak, merupakan terbosan hukum dalam sistem peradilan pidana, karena dimungkinkan pengalihan penyelesaian perkara anak dari proses peradilan pidana ke proses di luar peradilan pidana, melalu diversi. Undang-undang ini, memberikan peran serta kepada masyarakat untuk berperan aktif. Pembinaan peradilan dan lembaga penegak hukum lainnya ditujukan untuk mewujudkan lembaga pengadilan, khususnya Mahkamah Agung, kepolisian, dan kejaksaan yang mandiri dan bebas dari pengaruh penguasa dan pihak manapun, tidak memihak (imparsial), transparan, kompeten dan memiliki akuntabilitas, partisipatif, cepat dan mudah diakses. Dengan demikian, diharapkan badan peradilan akan sungguh-sungguh menjadi badan yang independen atau mandiri, lepas dari pengaruh atau campur tangan kekuasaan eksekutif dan elemen kekuasaan manapun. Sehingga lembaga peradilan menjadi benteng keadilan sebagaimana diharapkan oleh masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, penyuluhan hukum terpadu sangat diperlukan karena paling tidak hal ini akan dapat menjembatani perbedaan persepsi antara pembuat peraturan tingkat pusat dan daerah.
Pelaksanaan Putusan Arbitrase Nasional di Indonesia
Authors: Situmorang Mosgan
Published: January 2020

Hal terpenting dalam suatu sengketa adalah pelaksanaan putusan atas sengketa tersebut atau sering disebut dengan istilah eksekusi. Adalah sia-sia apabila dalam suatu perkara yang sudah mempunya kekuatan hukum yang tetap, akan tetapi pada akhirnya tidak dapat dieksekusi. Di dalam perkara perdata paling tidak ada dua lembaga penting yang dapat menjadi tempat penyelesaian suatu perkara, yakni lembaga pengadilan dan arbitrase. Badan Arbitrase dapat melaksanakan pemeriksaan sengketa secara adil dan lebih cepat akan tetapi Badan Arbitrase tidak punya organ untuk dapat memaksa pihak yang kalah melaksanakan putusannya, seperti layaknya pengadilan yang mempunyai juru sita untuk melaksanakan eksekusi. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan peranan pengadilan negeri. Agar pengadilan dapat melakukan eksekusi maka ada syarat yang harus dipenuhi yakni dalam waktu paling lama 30 (tiga puluh ) hari terhitung sejak tanggal putusan diucapkan, lembaran asli atau salinan otentik putusan arbitrase diserahkan dan didaftarkan oleh arbiter atau kuasanya kepada panitera pengadilan negeri. Tidak dipenuhinya ketentuan tersebut berakibat putusan arbitrase tidak dapat dilaksanakan. Adapun yang menjadi ruang lingkup permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah yang pertama, bagaimanakah peran pengadilan dalam pelaksanaan putusan arbitrase nasional dan yang kedua apakah manfaat pendaftaran putusan arbitrase di pengadilan negeri. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode Normatif Yuridis dengan demikan datanya adalah data sekunder. Dari penelitian dapat disimpukan banwa ada dua hal pokok yang menjadi peran Pengadilan Negeri yakni yang pertama untuk menerima pendaftaran putusan dan yang kedua adalah untuk melakukan eksekusi apabila para pihak tidak melaksanakan secara suka rela. Konsekuensi suatu perkara arbitrase yang tidak didaftarkan oleh Arbiter dalam jangka waktu 30 hari sejak diputus berakibat putusan arbitrase tidak dapat dilaksanakan. Dari hasil penelitian, perlu dilakukan revisi terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 1999 Tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa khususnya ketentuan mengenai pendaftaran putusan arbitrase.
Penyelesaian Konflik Penodaan Agama dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana di Indonesia
Authors: Jazuli Ahmad
Published: January 2020

Tingginya angka kasus terkait pelanggaran kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan (“penodaan agama”) baik yang dilakukan atas nama organisasi, aparat, maupun individu, serta ambigunya peraturan terkait kedudukan agama dalam negara menimbulkan polemik di masyarakat yang mengancam intoleransi dan diskriminasi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif dan penelitian hukum kepustakaan yang ditujukan untuk menjawab permasalahan bagaimanakah penyelesaian konflik penodaan agama dalam perspektif hukum pidana di Indonesia, dengan mengkaji peraturan hukum pidana yang berlaku dan untuk mendapatkan suatu gambaran (deskriptif analitis) bagaimanakah seharusnya penyelesaian konflik tersebut dalam sistem peradilan di Indonesia guna mewujudkan restorative justice. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Peraturan nasional terkait kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan masih bersifat parsial dan cenderung subyektif sehingga menimbulkan multi tafsir di kalangan pemerintah dan masyarakat; konflik penodaan agama yang terjadi karena tidak tegasnya pemerintah dalam mengimplementasikan kebebasan beragama dan berkeyakinan sesuai peraturan yang ada; serta peraturan yang ada masih sangat normatif baik isi maupun konsep sehingga masih belum terimplementasi dengan baik.
Penerapan Asas Ultimum Remedium dalam Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana Penyalahgunaan Narkotika
Authors: Sari Novita
Published: January 2020

Permasalahan penyalahgunaan dan peredaran gelap narkotika memerlukan perhatian serius dari pemerintah terutama masalah kebijakan yang dapat diterapkan dalam pemberian sanksinya. Banyaknya permasalahan yang terjadi dalam penanganan kasus Tindak Pidana Narkotika menjadi alasan penulis untuk membuat penelitian terkait kebijakan yang telah dijalankan oleh Pemerintah dan kendalanya, serta kebijakan apa yang lebih sesuai untuk diterapkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian Yuridis Normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan dianalisa secara kualitatif melalui studi pustaka dan pengalaman di lapangan. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa adanya asas ultimum remedium memberikan ruang bagi Pemerintah untuk menerapkan kebijakan alternatif dari sekedar pemberian sanksi pidana. Penerapan sanksi rehabilitasi bagi tersangka kasus Tindak Pidana Narkotika merupakan bentuk realisasi dari asas ultimum remedium namun dalam penerapannya masih terdapat banyak kendala diantaranya adalah kurangnya koordinasi diantara Kementerian/Lembaga terkait yang menangani tersangka kasus Tindak Pidana Narkotika dalam proses peradilan. Melalui revisi peraturan yang sudah ada maka diharapkan penerapan asas ultimum remedium ini dapat tepat sasaran dan terlaksana dengan baik.
Increasing Prediction Accuracy with the Backpropagation Algorithm (Case Study: Pematangsiantar City Rainfall)
Authors: Prayoga Yogi , Hartama Dedy , Jalaluddin Jalaluddin , Sumarno Sumarno , Nasution Zulaini Masuro
Published: January 2020

The more advanced science and technology from various disciplines, currently rainfall can be predicted by carrying out various empirical approaches, one of which is by using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). This study aims to apply ANN with backpropogation algorithm in predicting rainfall. The research data used is BPS data of the transfer city. The results of the study state that of the 6 models (4-5-1, 4-10-1, 4-25-1, 4-5-10-1, 4-5-25-1 and 4-5-50-1) architecture that was trained and tested using Matlab 6.1 application software, the results showed that the 4-5-25-1 architectural model was the best model for making predictions with 75% truth accuracy, Training MSE 0.001004582, Testing MSE 0.021882712 and Epoch 59,076 . It is expected that research can provide input to the government, especially BMKG Pematangsiantar city in predicting Rainfall based on computer science so as to improve the quality of services in the fields of Meteorology, Climatology, Air Quality and Geophysics in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
Blood Pressure Reference Intervals for Ketamine-sedated Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Brownlee Rachel D , Kass Philip H , Sammak Rebecca L
Published: January 2020

Appropriate calculation and use of reference intervals have widespread clinical and research implications. Unfortunately, reference intervals for blood pressure in one of the most commonly used NHP species, rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), have never been calculated. Although
anesthetic drugs and noninvasive methods of blood pressure measurement both have known effects on blood pressure values, their use provides the safest, fastest, and most widely used approach to clinical evaluation and blood pressure collection in this species. We analyzed noninvasive blood
pressure measurements from 103 healthy, ketamine-sedated, adult (age, 8 to 16 y) rhesus macaques, representing both sexes, with various body condition scores by using 2 types of sphygmomanometers at 3 different anatomic locations. Reference intervals were calculated for each device, in each
location, thus establishing normative data beneficial to clinical veterinarians assessing animal health and encouraging researchers to use noninvasive methods. Age, body condition score, sex, type of sphygmomanometer, and location of cuff placement were all found to influence blood pressure
measurements significantly, providing important information necessary for the appropriate interpretation of noninvasive blood pressure values in rhesus macaques.
COMPRENSIÓN Y REPARACIÓN
Authors: Garcés Marina
Published: January 2020

Las filosofías feministas han puesto en el centro del debate filosófico la cuestión ética y política de los cuidados y la condición ontológica de la vulnerabilidad. Este artículo tiene el propósito de vincular la reflexión sobre los cuidados al problema del daño. El Mal es el escándalo del pensamiento, eso que no se deja pensar sin caer en el peligro de la banalización o de la justificación. Sin embargo, si queremos entender la violencia y nuestra relación con sus consecuencias sobre la vida hay que enfrentarse a la posibilidad siempre abierta y concreta que tenemos de hacer y hacernos daño. Para ello, en este artículo, hemos abordado una reflexión, la de Paul Ricoeur sobre el mal, y una situación: la que presenta Georg Büchner en la pieza dramática La muerte de Danton. En ella nos invita a pensar la situación radical de la revolución como realización política de la virtud a través de una cadena imparable de daño cometido. ¿Cómo atravesar esta paradoja?
DESCUBRIENDO LA IMPORTANCIA ÉTICA DEL CUIDADO
Authors: Busquets Montserrat
Published: January 2020

La ética del cuidado surge al reconocer la vulnerabilidad y la dependencia del ser humano cuando, a lo largo de su vida, pasa por momentos en los que no puede cuidar de sí mismo y precisa de otros para vivir y encontrar su bienestar. Este artículo relaciona la dimensión ética del cuidado con las formas y maneras con las que se ha llevado a cabo, mayoritariamente por las mujeres. Tanto en el hogar como profesionalmente las mujeres se han ocupado de cuidar a los demás. A partir de la perspectiva feminista del cuidado del hogar, de la perspectiva enfermera del cuidado profesional y de las últimas aportaciones de la teoría social se muestran los principales factores y dimensiones que configuran la ética del cuidado hoy en día. El valor ético del cuidado se presenta como clave para encontrar respuestas a las preguntas y dilemas éticos de la sociedad de hoy, aportando un marco de referencia y una forma de actuar para aplicar principios universales a las situaciones reales y viceversa reformular los principios universales de acuerdo a las situaciones concretas.
FARMACO-CONTAMINACIÓN
Authors: Medrano Juan
Published: January 2020

Gran parte de los medicamentos utilizados cotidianamente, como los psicofármacos, siguen siendo medicamentos "sucios" que actúan con la táctica del perdigonazo. Y es que cada vez que una molécula entra en contacto con el organismo se asemeja a una nube de proyectiles que golpean en diferentes dianas (receptores), deseadas o no. El perdigón, que acierte en el blanco, deseado producirá el efecto terapéutico, pero los otros muchos que inciden en otros sistemas o reacciones bioquímicas darán lugar a la pléyade de secundarismos que tan a menudo convierten a los fármacos en un problema.  En el presente artículo repasamos el impacto de algunos de estos fármacos en el medio ambiente.
Determinantes sociales de la Salud y enfermedades prevalentes.
Authors: Pérez Solís Pablo
Published: January 2020

Los modelos de determinantes sociales de la salud forman parte desde hace décadas de las estrategias de Salud Pública y debería ser elemento fundamental de la orientación de los sistemas sanitarios. A lo largo del tiempo, diversos estudios epidemiológicos han mostrado la relación de los determinantes sociales con enfermedades prevalentes, por lo que es necesario reducir la brecha entre este modelo y la práctica clínica de los/las profesionales de la salud. En este artículo intentaremos señalar la importancia de aplicar una visión de determinantes en el abordaje de los problemas de salud desde la organización sanitaria a la consulta individual.
Una nueva vitalidad para el futuro de los Comités de Ética Asistencial
Authors: Altisent Rogelio
Published: January 2020

Los comités de ética asistencial se encuentran en una fase determinante para su consolidación. Es necesario mejorar su conocimiento entre los profesionales y la sociedad, así como la accesibilidad y la sintonía con las auténticas necesidades de su entorno asistencial. Es muy conveniente articular procedimientos para dar agilidad de respuesta a quienes solicitan asesoramiento, donde la figura de los consultores puede ser de ayuda. La evaluación de la calidad con indicadores que permitan establecer comparaciones será un aspecto clave de esta etapa en la que los comités deben demostrar su eficiencia. Los centros sanitarios necesitan gerentes con capacidad de liderazgo y sensibilidad para entender la trascendencia de lo que es un comité de ética asistencial y su potencial contribución a la vida del sistema sanitario, lo cual se traducirá en proporcionar los recursos necesarios para garantizar su adecuada actividad.
Efforts to Increase The Students' Level of Confidence in Mathematics Learning Using Numbered Head Together (NHT) Model
Authors: Hendrastuti Zuida Ratih
Published: January 2020

This study aims to improve the students’ confidence through the Numbered Head Together (NHT) learning model in learning mathematics in class VIII D of SMP N 3 Depok. This research is a classroom action research (CAR) using NHT model. The stages in this study consist of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subjects include 32 students. The data collection techniques used are a test, questionnaires, and observation. The data collection instruments used are written tests to measure the students’ cognitive learning outcomes, self-confidence questionnaire, and observation sheets to determine the feasibility of learning using the NHT technique. The data analysis technique uses percentages for the learning outcomes using observation sheets, data analysis of descriptive study completeness describing individual and group students’ outcomes, and scoring for self-confidence questionnaire using Likert scale with five criteria intervals. The results of the analysis of this research indicate that mathematics learning increases student confidence by 10.22%. The students’ outcomes (cognitive) have decreased, and one of them is the learning material that is more difficult than the cycle I. The basic competence for cycle I is to complete SPLDV (Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel) while for cycle II, the basic competence is to make and complete mathematical models of problems related to SPLDV. The implementation of learning using the NHT learning model has increased from 81.3% in the first cycle to 96.9% in the second one. It can be concluded that the NHT cooperative learning model is proven to improve the students’ confidence.
Prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders among people with autism spectrum disorder: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Authors: Hossain Md Mahbub , Khan Nusrat , Sultana Abida , Ma Ping , McKyer E. Lisako J. , Ahmed Helal Uddin , Purohit Neetu
Published: January 2020

With ever-increasing
prevalence of various mental disorders worldwide, a comprehensive evaluation of
the prevalence of co-occurring psychiatric disorders among individuals with
autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is needed to strengthen the knowledge base. This
umbrella review aims to summarize the current evidence on the prevalence of
comorbid psychiatric disorders among people with ASD. A systematic search of 12
major databases and additional sources was conducted. Any systematically
conducted narrative, qualitative, or meta-analytic review reporting the
prevalence of psychiatric disorders among people with ASD with no age or
geographical restriction were included. From a total of 2755 records, 26
articles representing 14 systematic reviews and 12 meta-analyses met the
criteria of this review. The synthesized findings reveal a high burden of
comorbid psychiatric disorders among people with ASD, including anxiety
disorders, depressive disorders, bipolar and mood disorders, schizophrenia
spectrum, suicidal behavior disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity
disorder, disruptive, impulse-control and conduct disorders amongst diverse age
groups, with a majority in younger participants. Most studies were conducted in
developed nations, with limited evidence from low and middle-income countries.
These synthesized findings provide high-quality evidence for clinical and
policy-level decision-making from a global overview of the status of comorbid
psychiatric disorders among people with ASD.
The Hungarian Revolution of 1848-1849 in the historical retrospective after 170 years
Authors: Stykalin Alexander
Published: January 2020

The Revolution of 1848-1849 in Hungary was a serious challenge to the entire European order established at the Congress of Vienna in 1815 as the result of the Napoleon wars. The unfavorable outcome of the revolution was first of all a result of the lack of interest of the major European powers (Russia including) in destroying the Habsburg monarchy, which was a guarantor of stability on the continent due to its middle position in Europe. The main lesson of the events in the Habsburgs monarchy (including Hungary) in 1848-1849 is seen in the fact that for the first time in the European history, they showed so clearly the destructive power of nationalism. The mismatch of the goals of the national movements with their specific programs led to the sharp collisions. Later this experience was taken into consideration by the ideologues of the national movements of various peoples of the Danube region. This report not only evaluates the international significance of the Hungarian revolution of 1848-1849 in a retrospective after 170 years and assesses its place in the Hungarian historical memory. An attempt is made to dispel some stereotypes concerning the policy of the Russian Empire in the region. It is established that its non-interference in the internal affairs of the neighboring empire was of a fundamental nature due to the fear of creating a new “European question”. The choice in favor of the military action was made only after long hesitations for the fear of the collapse of the Habsburg Empire.
“Currently it is in general risky to be friends with anybody”: The military specialists of Kiev United school of commanders of the Red army named after S. S. Kamenev under the supervision of state security agencies in 1924-1926
Authors: Ganin Аndrey
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the materials of agent monitoring on former officers who served in the mid-1920s in the Kiev United school of commanders of the Red army named after S. S. Kamenev. These documents are stored in the Departmental archive of the Security Service of Ukraine and have not yet been subjected to an indepth study by specialists. Meanwhile, the materials of intelligence surveillance are a fairly objective historical source about the moods of former officers. The analysis of the observation data allowed to draw conclusions about the mood of military experts of the Kamenev school and their attitude to the Soviet power. The study of the materials of agent surveillance in the future will make a comprehensive view of the moods and everyday life of the Red army commanders. The focus of the observers was the former major general Vladimir Alexandrovich von Olderogge, as well as his entourage. Intelligence surveillance showed that the professors did not conduct anti-Soviet underground work, but were disloyal, and in their statements directly hostile to the authorities. Hostility toward the White military experts was not experienced. On the contrary, former officers kept in touch with the white emigration and compared whose situation was better. Not being able to speak openly against the situation in the country, the military experts were forced to passive resistance.
A reflection of the polyethnic phenomenon in the Slovak novel of the 21 st century
Authors: Shirokova Lyudmila
Published: January 2020

The historical polyethnicity of the Slovak society and the connected problems of the interrelations of cultures, ethics, interpersonal relations, are reflected in the works of modern Slovak prose. They are represented most clearly in the novels of middle generation writers P. Rankov, S. Lavrík, P. Krištúfek. They dwell upon the dramatical events of the 20 th century. They cover wide range problems, from the fruitful coexistence of various ethnic groups and their representatives to national contradictions and racial repressions. The artistic quality of the mentioned works, their composition, the way of narrating, the type of the main character, can be highly evaluated. For example, in a novel by P. Rankov the plot, in spite of its linearity, is a chain of episodes in the span of 30 years from the life of the main characters. It reflects not only their fates, but also the historical and political changes of the world they live in. The main female character of a S. Lavrík ’s novel narrates about everyday life and tragedies in the lives of the dwellers of a Slovak town in the Slovak Republic during the war. P. Krištúfek in his novel focuses on several decades from the life of a Slovak-Jewish family and dwellers of a Slovak provincial society with types and relations specific for this milieu.
Poetics of pluralism: The literature of independent Slovenia
Authors: Bodrova Anna
Published: January 2020

The review deals with the monography of N. N. Starikova dedicated to the latest Slovenian prose and poetry since Slovenia gained statehood (1991) to the present day.
PESONA PALAWAN BEACH DI SINGAPURA
Authors: Prasetya Dwi Eko
Published: January 2020

Makalah ini merupakan hasil laporan Foreign Case Study untuk syarat publikasi ilmiah di Sekolah Tinggi Pariwasata Ambarrukmo Yogyakarta dengan Judul Pesona Palawan Beach di Singapura.
Jurnal TEKINFO VOL. 20 No. 2
Authors: Gustina Dian
Published: January 2020

Dimasa ini perawatan rambut menjadi salah satu faktor penampilan yang kerap diperhatikan oleh pria. Hal ini semakin diperkuat dengan meningkatnya bisnis salon khusus pria atau yang biasa dikenal dengan istilah barbershop, dilihat dari tren startup gaya rambut saat ini, dapat melakukan hipotesa bahwa user yang menggunakan aplikasi memiliki sifat yang konsumtif dan ingin di permudah dalam melakukan reservasi (Booking). Menurut survei rata-rata pengunjung barbershop berkisar antara 35 orang dalam 1 hari berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan perlunya membangun aplikasi reservasi (Booking) berbasis mobile android yang dapat membantu permasalahan pelanggan barbershop dan pengusaha barbershop yang sudah di paparkan sebelumnya. Aplikasi yang dibangun menangani Booking, dan pengunjung dapat memilih sendiri siapa barberman yang melakukan cukur dan waktu kedatangannya, aplikasi ini adalah aplikasi client server, yaitu perangkat mobile android yang terhubung internet sebagai client dan dengan PHP sebagai server dengan metode UML.Dari hasil rancang bangun aplikasi Booking ini barbershop dapat meningkatkan Produktifitas dan Kreatifitas dalam meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan dan pendapatan untuk dapat bersaing dalam dunia bisnis Barbershop yang semakin ketat, sistem Booking ini pelanggan dapat menghemat waktu dan agar menjadi lebih nyaman, dan bagi penulis menambah pengalaman dalam membangun Aplikasi berbasis Android.
Supervisi pendidikan
Authors: SANTIKA ELMI
Published: January 2020

Educational supervision administration is to provide guidance and development to all school staff, especially teachers, so that the quality of learning increases. With the increase in the quality of learning, it is expected that student learning outcomes will also increase, and that means the quality of school output will also increase.
Prinsip, teknik dan proses administrasi husemas
Authors: SANTIKA ELMI
Published: January 2020

the relationship between the school and the community is a relationship that is carried out with good cooperation in order to create a good work as well. Between the school are inseparable because all are sourced in the community without the exsistence of the community will not run well. To achieve the goals of education and planning held in certain environments using resources, both human and on human, school sponsored by the community. husemas is a process of communication between school ang the community understanding of educational needs and activities and that encourage community interest and cooperation in school improvement and development
Pengertian dan proses administrasi ketatausahaan sekolah
Authors: SANTIKA ELMI
Published: January 2020

This article aims to describe how education administration should run in general. This article was prepared using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, which begins with gathering study materials on the basic concepts of educational administration (understanding of educational administration, the importance of educational administration and the purpose of education administration), educational administration processes and the scope of educational administration. The material is in the form of books, articles, journals and various other sources. After the study material is collected, then the material is examined and studied in depth by the author, then the author concludes a new knowledge of the results of the analysis of the study materials
proses supervisi pendidikan
Authors: Yulia Rahmah
Published: January 2020

Educational Administration is the whole process of collaboration of two or more people by utilizing all available personnel and material resources and appropriate to achieve the educational goals that have been set effectively and efficiently.All resources used will be regulated for use, so that there is no waste in achieving the goals that have been determined together. The purpose of administration in general is that all activities support the achievement of educational goals or in other words the administration used in the world of education is sought to achieve educational goals.