bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethical Challenges in Journalism Practice: Balancing Media Ownership Interests and Public Responsibility
Authors:   Department of Management Kampala International University Uganda, Patricia Ezugwu Chinweuba
Published: March 2024

Ownership plays a pivotal role in the regulation of mass media, often presenting media managers with the delicate task of balancing the interests of media owners and the public, while adhering to legal and ethical standards. Journalists, like professionals in other fields, adhere to a code of ethics that outlines moral principles, guidelines, and rules governing their conduct and interactions with the public. Ethical challenges are pervasive in journalism, both globally and in Nigeria, requiring journalists to navigate complex decisions regarding their behavior and their interactions with various stakeholders. This study examines ethical issues in journalism practice and the challenges faced by journalists. It suggests that addressing the challenges stemming from media ownership requires greater press freedom. This would empower reporters and editors in government-owned media organizations to work without fear of reprisal from owners, while also enabling private media owners to operate without the fear of government interference. Keywords: Ethical challenges, Journalism practice, media ownership, Press freedom, public responsibility
Binary decisions are a real problem in a grey-scale world
Authors: Neylon Cameron
Published: March 2024

I recently made the most difficult decision Iâ€™ve had to take thus far as a journal editor. That decision was ultimately to accept the paper; that probably doesnâ€™t sound like a difficult decision until I explain that I made this decision despite a referee saying I should reject the paper with no opportunity for resubmission not once, but twice.
A use case scenario for Mark…a description of the first experiment on the ISIS LaBLog
Authors: Neylon Cameron
Published: March 2024

Two rather exciting things are happening at the moment. Firstly we have finally got the LaBLog system up and running at RAL (http://biolab.isis.rl.ac.uk). Not a lot is happening there yet but we are gradually working up to a full Open Notebook status, starting by introducing people to the system bit by bit.
Reflections on the Open Science workshop at PSB09
Authors: Neylon Cameron
Published: March 2024

In a few hours I will be giving a short presentation to the whole of the PSB conference on the workshop that we ran on Monday. We are still thinking through the details of what has come out of this and hopefully the discussion will continue in any case so this is a personal view. The slides for the presentation are available at Slideshare. To me there were a couple of key points that came out.
Why good intentions are not enough to get negative results published
Authors: Neylon Cameron
Published: March 2024

There are a set of memes that seem to be popping up with increasing regularity in the last few weeks. The first is that more of the outputs of scientific research need to be published. Sometimes this means the publication of negative results, other times it might mean that a community doesn’t feel they have an outlet for their particular research field. The traditional response to this is “we need a journal” for this.
Eduserv Symposium 2009 – Evolution or revolution: The future of identity and access management for research
Authors: Neylon Cameron
Published: March 2024

I am speaking at the Eduserv Symposium on London in late May on the subject of the importance of identity systems for advancing the open research agenda. From the announcement: The Eduserv Symposium 2009 will be held on Thursday 21st May 2009 at the Royal College of Physicians, London.
The failure of online communication tools
Authors: Neylon Cameron
Published: March 2024

Coming from me that may sound a strange title, but while I am very positive about the potential for online tools to improve the way we communicate science, I sometimes despair about the irritating little barriers that constantly prevent us from starting to achieve what we might. Today I had a good example of that. Currently I am in Sydney, a city where many old, and some not so old friends live.
A data pipeline with Apache Airflow and Dask
Authors: Eve Martin Paul
Published: March 2024

In my new role at Crossref I work on a series of data pipelines for research and development projects. These are resource-intensive data processing tasks that need to be executed periodically on a schedule, with good observability, but also with parallel processing capacity. Amazon’s Managed Workflows for Apache Airflow (MWAA) seems like an ideal solution for this.
Research competences of early-career researchers
Authors: Mihajlović Aleksandra , Kopas-Vukašinović Emina , Cekić-Jovanović Olivera
Published: March 2024

Development of human resources and empowerment of young scientists is one of the basic measures for achieving Serbia's current strategic scientific and technological development goals. The aim of our research was to determine which scientific production quality determinants (assumptions) of early-career researchers can strengthen their scientific research capacities and thus increase their scientific research quality. The research was performed using a descriptive method. An e-questionnaire for early-career researchers was prepared (N = 423). The results confirm that early-career researchers assess their scientific research competence differently depending on the scientific field in which they work, or have done their PhD. There are obvious differences in their assessments depending on the length of their work experience. Such results indicate that institutions and individuals need to intensify professional support for early-career researchers.
Association of catechol-O-methyltransferase gene polymorphisms with treatment response and levodopa-induced complications in Parkinson's disease: A summary of current knowledge
Authors: Radojević Branislava , Jančić Ivan , Savić Miroslav , Kostić Vladimir , Dragašević-Mišković Nataša
Published: March 2024

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is one of the cardinal enzymes in the degradation of catecholamines and levodopa. Genetic variants of the COMT gene may affect COMT enzyme activity. The most examined COMT gene polymorphism is the nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in exon 4 (Val108/158Met; rs4680). This highly functional polymorphism is responsible for fourfold variations in enzyme activity and Dopamine catabolism. Recent data suggested that even synonymous SNPs of the COMT gene can lead to changes in enzyme activity. Genetically determined COMT activity can affect an individual's response to levodopa therapy and carries the risk of complications from prolonged levodopa use in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Identifying at-risk individuals through genetic susceptibility markers could help to prevent the development of levodopa-induced complications in PD.
Role of lipoprotein lipase variants in metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Rafaqat Sana , Rafaqat Saira , Sharif Saima , Klisić Aleksandra
Published: March 2024

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is a glycoprotein that is produced and secreted into the interstitial space in various tissues, including the cardiac muscle, adipose tissue, macrophages, and skeletal muscle. LPL activity could be affected by genetic alterations which result in changes in lipid metabolism. This review article only focuses on reporting the recent studies which mainly explain the role of the LPL gene variants in metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. There are over 100 LPL gene variants, but this review article reported rs1801177, rs118204069, rs118204057, rs118204060, rs118204068, rs268, and rs328 as the most common in metabolic syndrome patients. In cardiovascular diseases, LPL variants rs1801177, rs268 and rs328 were the most prevalent. Therefore, it is suggested that further studies should be conducted to identify the LPL gene variants in other cardiovascular diseases, including cardiac arrhythmia. This review article concludes that LPL deficiency and dysfunction are associated with many diseases, such as obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes, chylomicronemia, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, and stroke.
Human papillomaviruses and cervical cancer from the perspective of the World Health Organisation initiative for cervical cancer elimination
Authors: Filipić Brankica , Rapajić-Moran Ivana , Nikolić Ines , Oljačić Slavica , Mandić Aljoša
Published: March 2024

Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the most common sexually transmitted pathogens worldwide, leading to infections with a wide range of clinical manifestations: from benign conditions to different types of cancer in women and men as well. Cervical cancer is highly correlated with persistent high-risk-HPV (HR-HPV) infection, which is the key factor in emergence of 99.99% of cervical cancer cases. The most effective way to prevent HPV-related cancers is vaccination. There are three available prophylactic HPV vaccines: bivalent, quadrivalent and nonavalent. The nonavalent vaccine is gradually replacing other HPV vaccines in most countries and can be given from year 9, but it is commonly routinely implemented at the age of 11 to 12. The World Health Organization has recognised cervical cancer as a global threat and has announced the so-called 90-70-90 strategy to reduce and even eliminate cervical cancer. This strategy implies that 90% of girls should be vaccinated by the age of 15, 70% of women should be screened for cervical cancer, and 90% of women diagnosed with cervical disease should receive adequate treatment. Although different treatment options are available: surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and advanced target therapy using monoclonal antibodies, great efforts are needed to achieve the goals set by the World Health Organization to eliminate cervical cancer.
Forming and examining the reading experience of a preschool child by reading versions of the fairy tale Little Red Riding Hood
Authors: Babić Danijela
Published: March 2024

The stimulus for the development of the project was the formation and examination of preschool aged child's reading experience, using the example of the fairy tale "Little Red Riding Hood". The backbone of the project is represented by four literary works. "Little Red Riding Hood", by the Brothers Grimm, as a reference text, and three other texts that are in intertextual dialogue with it: "Wrong telling of the fairy tale" by Gianni Rodari, "Nibbles: The Book Monster" by Emma Yarlett, " Wolf and the Other Little Red Riding Hood" by George Fisher. The aim of this research is to form and examine child's reading experience and encouraging children to notice the places that are deconstructed, and thus see the way in which they understand it. Based on the results obtained, we will determine how children understand the intertextual dialogue between the fairy tale and the texts that rely on it.
Detection of antibiotic resistance and capsular types of group B streptococci isolated from vaginal swabs of pregnant women
Authors: Paunović Bojana , Kekić Dušan , Kabić Jovana , Gajić Ina , Jovićević Miloš
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Group B streptococcus (GBS) is an opportunistic pathogen that colonizes the gastrointestinal and genital tract of 10 - 30% of healthy people. It can cause early or late-onset neonatal disease manifested as pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. Penicillins are the first-choice therapy and prophylaxis of mother-to-child transmission. In the case of penicillin allergy, macrolides or vancomycin are used. Aim: The objectives of study were to determine antimicrobial susceptibility and macrolides resistance phenotypes of GBS isolates, as well as to determine capsular types (CPS) and detection of hypervirulent ST17 clone. Material and methods: From January 1st to December 31st 2021, 134 GBS isolates were collected from vaginal swabs of pregnant women. Identification was performed using conventional microbiological methods and molecular detection of species-specific dltR gene. The disk diffusion method was used to test antibiotic resistance according to EUCAST standards. Capsular typing was conducted by multiplex PCR method. A hypervirulent ST17 clone was identified by the detection of the hvgA gene using PCR. Results: All isolates were susceptible to penicillin, vancomycin, and fluoroquinolones. Tetracycline resistance was the most common, detected in 81.3% (109/134) strains. Macrolide resistance was detected in 3.3% (50/134) of isolates, while 14.9% (20/134) showed resistance to high doses of gentamicin. Resistance to chloramphenicol was noticed in 1.5% (2/134) isolates. The most common macrolide resistance phenotype was cMLS (31/50, 62.0%). The most identified CPS were V found in 33 isolates (25.0%) and III identified in 30 strains (22.0%). A hypervirulent ST17 clone was detected in 12.7% (17/134) of isolates; 15 belonged to CPS III and 2 to CPS IV. Conclusion: The high frequency of macrolide resistance in group B streptococci isolated from colonized pregnant women is a severe public health concern. Also, the detection of numerous CPS III isolates and ST17 clones indicates the need for continuous screening and monitoring of the prevalence of GBS infections in pregnant women and neonates.
Frequency of Helicobacter pylori infection and antibiotic resistance in patients with acute liver decompensation
Authors: Ristić Milica , Korica Bojan , Milivojević Vladimir
Published: March 2024

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a global healthcare challenge. In its course of infection, Helicobacter pylori infection leads to a systemic increase of post-inflammatory cytokines and can have extra gastric manifestations, affecting the worsening of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and endangering normal liver function, especially when liver cirrhosis is present. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the frequency of H. pylori infection in patients with cirrhosis of the liver in stage AD or ACLF. The frequency of antibiotic resistance to clarithromycin and fluoroquinolones was also investigated. Material and methods: A prospective study with 45 patients was conducted which included both sexes. Samples of gastric mucosa were taken from all patients included in the study during the upper endoscopy and were sent to the Institute of Microbiology of the Faculty of Medicine University of Belgrade. A molecular method, Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect H. pylori and mutations responsible for resistance to clarithromycin and fluoroquinolones. Results: The presence of H. pylori infection was registered in 15 decompensated patients (33.33%), while 30 (66.67%) were negative. In H. pylori positive patients, PCR detection of genotypes responsible for antibiotic resistance revealed clarithromycin resistance in 11 patients (73.33%), while fluoroquinolone resistance was detected in 7 patients (46.66%). In 6 patients (40.0%), an associated resistance to clarithromycin and fluoroquinolones was found. Conclusion: The H. pylori infection in cirrhotic patients with acute decompensation or ACLF has no significant effect on the severity of the clinical condition, elevated laboratory parameters and survival. Resistance rates to fluoroquinolones and clarithromycin or both antibiotics are high in decompensated patients with cirrhosis. There is a need to increase awareness of the rational use of antibiotics based on further investigations.
Burnout syndrome in the medical profession: Organizational and individual factors
Authors: Vukmirović Marijana , Milić Nataša
Published: March 2024

The burnout syndrome represents a set of symptoms arising in a situation of prolonged stress at the workplace, in professionally demanding situations. It is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and a sense of reduced personal accomplishment. One of the tools used to measure the level of burnout is MBI. It has often been criticized for conceptual, methodological and practical reasons; however, it is still considered the gold standard for assessing burnout and is used in 88% of all empirical studies. Factors that contribute to the development of burnout can be divided into organizational and individual factors. The complexity of work organization, as the crucial external factor, is reflected in the shaping of interpersonal relations, the establishment of hierarchies among employees, timely personnel planning and the need for professional training, which indirectly affects the degree of burnout of doctors. If one adds the need of doctors to engage in academic work, the failures in the medical system organization of the work are reflected in excessive working hours, devaluation of teaching work, inappropriate academic ranking, accumulation of engagements outside of teaching, pressure to publish papers and dissatisfaction with the criteria of scientific success. Personality traits can speed up or slow down the occurrence of burnout due to the nature of their influence. They play a big role in making this syndrome noticeable in extroverted people and vice versa, causing it to remain unrecognized and hidden in introverted people. Thus, they make it difficult for this syndrome to be registered and delay the provision of timely assistance. The occurrence of a burnout, which develops as a response to chronic professional stress, coupled with greater opportunities for professional development, better earnings and working conditions, as well as higher quality standards, are the key triggers of the migration of healthcare workers.
Essential trace metals in health and disease
Authors: Makević Vedrana , de Luka , Ilić Anđelija
Published: March 2024

Essential trace metals (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Mo, Co) are involved in high number of physiological and metabolic activities and therefore have a substantial role in organisms. Thus, their balance is tightly regulated by levels of absorption, transport, and storage in the organism. They can alter human health in both deficiency and overload conditions. On one hand, deficiency health problems are due to reduction of their physiological activities. On the other hand, Fe, Cu and Co are redox active metals and their increase can cause severe tissue damage through oxidative stress. Numerous well-established diseases like iron and copper deficiency anemia, hemochromatosis, Menkes and Wilson disease, acrodermatitis enteropathica are consequence of essential metal alterations. Nowadays, trace metals alterations are also found to be implicated in neurodegenerative disease, cancers, atherosclerosis, and diabetes. Those diseases represent enormous health problems in contemporary society and trace metals might help to further elucidate their pathogenesis and potentially even treatment. In the present study, essential trace metals kinetic and physiology are reviewed, as well as their roles in disease pathophysiology.
Accumulation of metal(loid)s in myocardial tissue and the mechanisms underlying their cardiotoxic effects
Authors: Ćirović Ana , Tasić Nebojša
Published: March 2024

Heavy metals could exert a strong cardiotoxic effect, since cardiomyocytes are vulnerable cells in general, very sensitive to heavy metals-induced toxicity. The correlation between exposure to heavy metals and their contribution to the pathophysiology of diverse cardiovascular disorders, such as coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiomyopathies (CMPs), has gained recognition primarily through clinical investigations wherein metal(loid) levels were quantified in the blood or urine of individuals afflicted with aforementioned disorders. However, a crucial perspective is absent due to lack of studies that investigate the accumulation of heavy metals within cardiac tissue. These studies, whether post-mortem or involving heart samples obtained during invasive procedures, are currently lacking. To achieve a comprehensive understanding of the potential involvement of metal(loid)s in the genesis of e.g. CMPs or CAD, these inquiries are indispensable. Furthermore, certain comorbidities like iron deficiency may expedite the bioaccumulation of myocardial heavy metals by augmenting the density of transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1). The impact of heavy metals on the heart's contractile machinery, coupled with their potential to initiate mitochondrial apoptosis through triggered pathways, forms part of the intricate pathophysiological landscape. Central to these mechanisms is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the peroxidation of macromolecules. This review highlights the research findings on the bioaccumulation of heavy metals within the myocardium and elucidates the molecular mechanisms through which metal(loid) s induce cardiotoxicity
Effect of proteolytic enzymes and insulin sensitiser in treatment of joint osteoarthritis in diabetic patients
Authors: Atia Yasir , Al-Thamiree Safaa , Salah Shatha , Al-Attar Zaid
Published: March 2024

Background/Aim: Knee osteoarthritis is a frequently crippling chronic condition. Numerous pharmacological medications have been successfully utilised to treat knee osteoarthritis. This research aimed to compare the efficiency of metformin and serratiopeptidase in treating and preventing osteoarthritis development via distinct mechanisms. Methods: Between 1 January and 30 May 2019, a randomised-clinical-trial was done at Al-Kindy Hospital on 80 osteoarthritis patients, divided in two groups. Group I was given metformin 850 mg orally, whereas Group II was given serratiopeptidase 20 mg and metformin 850 mg orally. Parameters in these groups were compared with forty healthy normal controls. Results: Following treatment, patients in Group II have shown a significant decrease in pain levels (p = 0.001). Interleukin 8 (IL-8), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1ß) levels were significantly decreased in Group II (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The combination of serratiopeptidase and metformin was effective and safe in treating knee osteoarthritis.
Complementary therapies and factors related to dysmenorrhoea in adolescents: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Rejeki Sri , Pranata Satriya , Yanto Arief , Wahyuni Sri
Published: March 2024

Complementary therapies for decreasing dysmenorrhoea and factors behind dysmenorrhoea in adolescents is not clear enough. Researchers need information about trends and novelties for the future research topic of complementary therapies and factors related to dysmenorrhoea in adoles-cents. Thus, the purpose of this study was to identify the complementary therapies for decreasing dysmenorrhoea and factors related to dysmenorrhoea in adolescents by analysing network visualisation, overlay visualisation and density visualisation on the topic through bibliometric analysis. The data sources used in this study were based on online searches via https://app.dimensions.ai/. The literature search used the stages following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flowchart. Paper restricted in publications years 2014-2023, focus in the field of health sciences, nursing, public health, clinical sciences and publication type were included as criteria for inclusion in the study. The data were analysed using VOSviewer. After identifying the clusters, the types of complementary therapies that were able to reduce dysmenorrhoea were acupressure, acupuncture, calcium sufficiency, curcumin, yoga, aromatherapy, massage and physical activity. Moreover, factors related to dysmenorrhoea were HIV, reproductive coercion, reproductive health, oxytocin, prolactin, trauma, metformin, anxiety and breast cancer. Moreover, the newest topics that were being widely researched related to adolescent dysmenorrhoea were education, non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), prolactin and physical activity. On the other hand, topics that were rarely researched related to the topic of adolescent dysmenorrhoea were topics about sexual health, reproductive coercion, inflammation, curcumin and physical activity. Complementary therapies and factors that are still rarely studied offer potential novelty in results in future studies.
Perception and utilisation of information and communication technology (ICT) in the management of diabetes in children: Insights from health students in Indonesia
Authors: Cherry Mustamu
Published: March 2024

Background/Aim: The management of diabetes in children necessitates active involvement from diverse stakeholders, encompassing parents, lecturers, medical experts, nutritionists and technology-facilitated information and communication technology (ICT). In this context, medical students play a crucial role in the management of diabetes in children. Aim of this study was to delineate the perceptions and utilisation of ICT in the management of diabetes in children among students in Indonesia. Methods: This study employed the cross-sectional method, enlisting participants from bachelor and diploma programs in midwifery, nursing and nutrition at the Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health, Indone-sia. Data were gathered through the distribution of questionnaires via the WhatsApp platform. The questionnaire encompassed respondent demo-graphics, knowledge about diabetes in children, perceptions and utilisation of ICT in the management of paediatric diabetes, factors influencing ICT perception and utilisation and the efficacy of ICT implementation in paediatric diabetes management. The collected data were subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses, employing structural equation model-ling with partial least squares. Results: The analytical findings revealed a noteworthy correlation be-tween perception factors and the effectiveness of managing diabetes in children. Nevertheless, ICT utilisation and knowledge about paediatric diabetes did not exhibit significant individual influences on the effectiveness of diabetes management in children. These findings underscored the significance of a comprehensive understanding of diabetes, a favourable perception towards ICT utilisation and engagement in activities involving ICT to enhance the effectiveness of paediatric diabetes management. Conclusion: The utilisation of ICT in the management of paediatric dia-betes by health students holds significant potential for enhancing effec-tiveness in management. This necessitates a profound understanding of diabetes, a favourable perception regarding ICT utilisation and active engagement in ICT-related activities as integral components of paediatric diabetes management strategies.
Ioannis Chrysospathis, theodoros Garofalidis and Georgios Hartofilakidis: The pioneers of orthopaedics in Greece
Authors: Drakoulakis Emmanouil , Michaleas Spyros , Laios Konstantinos , Lampropoulou-Adamidou Kalliopi , Tosounidis Theodoros , Kontakis George , Karamanou Marianna
Published: March 2024

The aim of the present paper was to highlight the work of Chrysospathis, Garofalidis and Chartofylakidis, who dedicated themselves to the emergence of orthopaedics as an independent branch of medical science in modern Greece. The ancient Greek physicians Hippocrates, Galen and Paulus of Aegina laid the foundations for the emergence of orthopaedics and ancient Greek civilisation undoubtedly played a significant role in the evolution of this medical art throughout the following centuries. In modern Greece, Ioannis Chrysospathis fought for orthopaedics to be a separate medical branch rather than a practice within the context of general surgery. Theodoros Garofalidis also contributed to the evolution of orthopaedics in Greece, while Georgios Hartofilakidis brought pioneer knowledge to the Greek area, contributed to the creation of specialised orthopaedic departments and internationally contributed to the study of hip diseases and the art of total hip arthroplasty.
Diuretic activity of the hydroalcoholic extracts of rhizomes and leaves of Artemisia abyssinica sch. Bip. Ex A. Rich: In silico and in vivo study
Authors: Abdu Nebiyu , Alebachew Yonatan
Published: March 2024

Background/Aim: The majority of communities in developing nations utilise traditional medicine as an alternative or a combination therapy with a clinically approved diuretic regimen. The present study aimed to investigate the in vivo and in silico diuretic properties of the 80 % methanol extracts of the rhizomes and leaves of Artemisia abyssinica, an indigenous traditional diuretic medicinal plant of Ethiopia. Methods: Acute oral toxicity tests of 80 % methanol rhizome and leaf extracts of the plant were conducted in mice. For the diuretic test, six treatment groups were administered 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg doses of rhizome and leaf extracts of the plant. The negative and positive control groups were treated with distilled water (2 mL/100 g) and furosemide (10 mg/kg), respectively. Cumulative urine volume, diuretic action, diuretic activity and saluretic index were then determined. In addition, virtual screening and molecular docking study of the compounds of the genus Artemisia were done. Results: The rhizome and leaf extracts of A abyssinica were found safe at a dose of 2000 mg/kg. Moreover, both extracts showed a significant diuretic action (p < 0.05). However, compared to the standard drug furosemide, the extracts had lower diuretic activity. The rhizome extract in-creased electrolyte excretion at all doses; particularly at the 200 and 400 mg/kg doses, it exhibited a profound natriuretic, chloruretic and kaliuretic effect with the concentration of 109 and 110 mmol/L for Na + , 93 and 106 mmol/L for Cl -and 79 and 86 mmol/L for K + , respectively. These sug-gested inhibition of Na + -K + -2Cl cotransporter as the potential mechanism of action of the extracts. Accordingly, virtual screening and a molecular docking analysis of the compounds of the genus Artemisia revealed that a few of them displayed a strong binding interaction with the cation-chloride cotransporter NKCC1 (PDB: 7S1Y), further indicating the cation-chloride cotransporter as a diuretic target of the constituents of the plant. Conclusion: The current study supports the traditional claim of the plant for diuresis and recommends further isolation of the active constituents.
Quantitative evaluation of mitochondrial dynamics during maintenance of cellular bioenergetics using ImageJ
Authors: Mehrotra Arpit , Sood Abhilasha , Kanwar Diksha
Published: March 2024

Background/Aim: Mitochondria are one of the most dynamic organelles essential for maintaining cellular energy demands, including execution of several vital cellular processes. This feature is attributed to rapid adaptation in morphological features which dictates their functionality. Depending on the cellular status, mitochondria can be rod shaped, branched, spherical , interconnected or can exist as a network. Aim of this study was to analyse mitochondrial morphological appearance under normal vs stress condition in mitochondria. Methods: The study evaluated mitochondrial morphology under normal and experimentally generated cellular stress condition by utilising ImageJ software, a versatile image analysis tool. Live-cell imaging technique was employed to capture high-resolution images of mitochondrial dynamics in SH-SY5Y cells and subsequent ultra-structural changes were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy. The images were later processed using ImageJ software, with inbuilt plugins designed for image processing. Results: The present study identified alterations in mitochondrial morphology ranging from elongated, rod and interconnected mitochondria indicative of healthy mitochondrial network in controls to punctate, large/ rounded and fragmented mitochondria in stress induced treated condition. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy confirmed significant abber-ation of mitochondrial structure with disapperance of outer mitochondrial membrane, decrease in matrix space and increase in mitochondrial size, with concomittant decrease in the cristae length and simultaneous increase in cristae lumen width in treated sections. Conclusion: The study implicates existence of a mutual association between mitochondrial morphology and execution of cellular functions occurring during several pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, by utilising such a tool for quantitative analysis , a deeper understanding of mitochondrial dynamics and potential advancement in development of mitochondria-targeted drugs is suggested.
Oswald Spengler and Prussian socialism resume
Authors: Dostanić Dušan
Published: March 2024

In this article, the author examines Oswald Spengler's concept of Prussian socialism. In the first part of the work, Spengler is presented as a political writer, and his political thought is connected with his philosophical ideas. As a political writer, Spengler belonged to the stream of conservative revolution. In the second part, the author tries to emphasize the difference between this current of conservative thought and liberal conservatism, pointing out that the roots of Spengler's understanding of socialism lie in the older conservative criticism of the market. In the last part, the author considers Spengler's conservative understanding of socialism, its influence on the German conservative revolution, and its importance in today's times.
National interest of the Republic of Serbia for participation of Serbian Armed Forces in peacekeeping operations
Authors: Radojević Slobodan , Blagojević Srđan
Published: March 2024

Peacekeeping operations are one of the instruments for resolving crises in the world and preventing armed conflicts that threaten global peace and security. This article argues that the participation of the Serbian Armed Forces in UN missions contributed to peacekeeping in the world and produced positive benefits for the country. Namely, the Serbian Armed Forces inherits the tradition of many years of participation in UN and EU peacekeeping operations. This article first provides an overview of the most important contributions of the Republic of Serbia to peacekeeping operations, focusing on the important role that this activity plays in the achievement of foreign policy goals, national development and international relations. This is followed by the presentation of national legislation that regulates the Serbian Armed Forces participation in peacekeeping operations. Therefore, peacekeeping operations are recognized as a type of multilateral mechanism for achieving cooperation between the Republic of Serbia and the UN/EU and a contribution to building trust and the position of a reliable partner in international relations. The theory of international relations that explains such actions of states is the realism theory. In accordance with realists school of thought, state national interests for participation in peacekeeping operations are military security issues, national and strategic interests as well as economic interests, and increased credibility and power of states in international relations. Starting from the fact that global security is comprehensive and indivisible, states are even more interested in participating in peacekeeping operations and perceive it as their national interests and an element of foreign and security policy. This is the initial thesis from which the authors base their analysis presented in the paper.
Institutional education for dialogue and tolerance in Serbia
Authors: Sekulić Bojana
Published: March 2024

Education for dialogue and tolerance in institutional schools in the Republic of Serbia began intensively at the time of the beginning of the education reforms in 2001, first by introducing the subjects Religious Education and Civic Education into the educational process, and then by redefining the teaching content in general education subjects in basic and secondary schools. There are many different public debates about the effects of the Religious Education and Civic Education subjects, as well as some partial researches, which indicate different results. The subject of this paper is the consideration of the basic characteristics of education for dialogue and tolerance, as well as educational models of their implementation, with special attention being paid to primary and secondary education in Serbia. In this research, the method of content analysis was applied, which was approached from a holistic point of view, which entailed a detailed study of certain contents in the scientific literature, analysis of relevant documents and published results of previous research. At the same time, special attention was always focused on understanding the meaning of those contents and their structure in the context of the topic of this paper. The results of this research show that institutional education for dialogue and tolerance in Serbia is consistent with: cultural and social values; ideological and political goals of the development of society; and that such education is correlated with relevant international documents and experiences of European democratic societies, all of which should contribute to the development of the neoliberal model of political culture. The potential of education for dialogue and tolerance in Serbia is great, but the reliable effects of such education are still questionable.
Census 2022: Population of Serbia according to nationality
Authors: Raduški Nada
Published: March 2024

Ethno-demographic and ethno-statistical studies of the population of Serbia according to nationality are based on the census as the most important official source of data, which is held every ten years and provides information on demographic trends, the number and characteristics of all ethnic communities in Serbia, but also provides a database for the adoption of necessary measures population, social, economic, minority and other state policies important for the stable, even and prosperous development of the country. The paper highlights the impact of various factors on national declaration, as well as the buoyancy of this feature, whose subjectivity has influenced large fluctuations in the number of individual ethnic communities, as well as the accuracy and possibility of comparing census results. Changed census methodology, new methodological solutions, criteria, classifications, definitions, often as a result of national ideology, political decisions and social circumstances, had a great immediate impact on the changes in the population dynamics of all, and especially some nationalities. The paper analyzes the national composition of the population of Serbia (without Kosovo and Metohija) according to the data of the last census from 2011, as well as the significant demographic changes that occurred in the period between the two censuses (2011-2022), while looking at the similarities and differences between the regions. of Serbia (Belgrade region, Vojvodina region, Šumadija and Western Serbia region and Southern and Eastern Serbia region). The focus of the research is on the most important factors that influenced the change in the ethnic structure, such as differences in the rates of natural increase and migration balance according to nationality, but also ethnic alternation under the influence of numerous non-demographic, namely political, social, economic, religious, psychological and other factors. The different population dynamics of ethnic communities, i.e. the increase in the number and share of some, while at the same time the decrease in the number of others, determined the direction and intensity of changes and affected the national composition of the population, as well as the process of ethnic homogenization or dispersiveness of individual nationalities, which created and changed everything the ethnic image of Serbia.
The roles of women in contemporary terrorism: Perpetrators, victims or something else?
Authors: Đorić Marija
Published: March 2024

The author analyzes all the roles that women can play in modern terrorism. Until now, science has mostly focused on the role of women as perpetrators and victims in terrorist activities. However, the author also pays special attention to the third role of a woman, which has not been sufficiently investigated so far - as a mothers. Viewing the role of women as mothers in terrorism has a dual character: while on the one hand, mothers can play a significant role in the prevention of terrorism (especially with sons), on the other hand they can also encourage their children in terms of terrorist activities, especially if they are and radicalized ones. The author gives a series of examples that specifically concern Islamist terrorism and the role of the mother in preventing or encouraging this phenomenon. The role of a woman as a mother has not been explored to a large extent in other forms of terrorism, which would represent a significant contribution for future scientific research. Also, this role of the mother is mainly related to certain so-called conservative regions, such as the Balkans or the Middle East, where the role of the mother is specific, especially in the upbringing of male children. Numerous prejudices are a complicating factor in elaborating the role of women in terrorism. One of them is that women are exclusively members of the "gentler" and "weaker" sex, and that as such they cannot be linked to terrorism. Another prejudice that is rooted in human society concerns the gender relationship to politics. Namely, since ancient Greece, politics was explicitly seen as a public job and a "male activity", while women were reserved for the oikos, as a private sphere. Hence, terrorism as a political phenomenon is mostly seen as a "male phenomenon." The subject of the research is directed towards different ideologies of terrorism, which condition accordingly, and different approaches towards women. The author points out that just as terrorism does not know race, religion and nation, it does not know gender either, and that attention should also be paid to the gender dimension when researching this phenomenon.
Production of indolic compounds by rhizobial bacteria
Authors: Milićević Milica , Delić Dušica , Rasulić Nataša , Pešić Mila , Avdović Merisa , Stajković-Srbinović Olivera , Nikolić Biljana
Published: March 2024

Rhizobial bacteria, besides nitrogen fixation in symbiosis with legumes, can colonize the roots of nonlegumes and promote their growth by different mechanisms, independently of N2 fixation. Owing to this, rhizobia are considered a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Some of the mechanisms of PGPR activity are phytohormone production. Selection of rhizobia which possess some of PGP traits in vitro is an important step prior to testing their effects on plants in controlled conditions or field. In this work the ability of indole-3-acid (IAA) production, one of the most important phytohormone of the auxin class, was evaluated in different rhizobial strains. The investigated rhizobial strains were isolated from alfalfa (belonged to the genera Ensifer and Rhizobium) and from soybean (Bradyrhizobium and Rhizobium). Strains of all investigated genera produced IAA in the presence of L-tryptophan as precursor, where Ensifer strains produced the highest amount of IAA (more than 200 µg ml-1 ), followed by Rhizobium, while Bradyrhizobium strains produced the least amount of IAA (with some exceptions up to 15 µg ml-1 ). With the increase of L-tryptophan concentration, the amount of IAA produced usually grew. Strains with high IAA production indicate their plant growth promoting potential and represent the candidates for evaluation of their effects in non-legumes in controlled and field conditions.
Piercing the corporate veil from the angle of case law
Authors: Sekulić Aleksandra
Published: March 2024

Piercing the corporate veil represents one of the most contraversal institutes in company law because it represents a deviation from the rules on limited liability. As this institute became part of the judicial practice, the judicial practice is very important in the analysis of the given institute. There are some comparative legal systems in which this institute is often applied in judicial practice. On the other hand, there are systems, including domestic ones, in which this institute is rarely and cautiously applied in practice. The main goal of the research in this paper is the analysis of the institute of piercing the corporate veil and its significance in Company law, with a special reference to domestic judicial practice and the analysis of certain characteristics of comparative judicial practice.
Internet Of Things-Based Applied System Development Cookbook
Authors:   Assistant Professor  University of Technology & Applied Sciences Al Musana, Oman, Mirza Mr. Agha Urfi , Irfan Mr. Mohammed ,   Assistant Professor  University of Technology & Applied Sciences Al Musana, Oman, Chandapeta Mr. Praveen Kumar ,   Lecturer  University of Technology & Applied Sciences Al Musana, Oman
Published: March 2024

‘Internet of Things-based Applied System Development Cookbook’ gives students and professionals a place to start when designing Internet of Things (IoT) systems and a means to comprehend how their individual components function inside and interact with one another. Given the interdisciplinary nature of the Internet of Things (IoT), it is crucial to possess a wide range of skills and knowledge. These include, but are not limited to, sensors, embedded systems, real-time systems, control systems, communications, protocols, the Internet, cloud computing, large-scale distributed processing and storage systems, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and ideally, domain experience in the desired area of application, such as building or manufacturing
Establishing Factors Leading to the Pre-service Education Students’ Choice of Teaching as a Career
Authors:   University of Eastern Africa, Baraton, Mwangi Petronila Ndungwa
Published: March 2024

This paper established factors leading to the pre-service education student’s choice of teaching as a career. The third and fourth year pre-service education students from six public and private universities in Kenya were the respondents. Concurrent mixed method approach was employed in this study. Purposive, cluster and convenience sampling methods were used. Data were gathered using questionnaires and interviews. In data analysis, frequencies, means and standard deviation were used. The study established that the following factors affected pre-service education student’s decision to become teachers. (i) Fallback, (ii) External factors, (iii) Self-concept (iv) Altruistic reasons (v) Extrinsic reasons and (vi) Intrinsic motivation. The findings established that all the influential factors were important to the pre-service education students to join the teaching profession. None of the influential factors was very important to their decision to choose teaching as a career. The pre-service education students pointed out that their high school grade is what really determines their career path. Fallback as one of the influential factors was found to have been slightly important in their decision to enter the teaching profession.