bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
El aporte educativo de una estética de la andinidad: consideraciones sobre una reciente investigación filosófica y literaria
Authors: Martin-de-Blassi Fernando G.
Published: August 2020

Propósito: en este artículo se busca reflexionar críticamente sobre los temas y las ideas propuestas por Liliana Mannina de Gamero en El silencio andino: huella de identidad. Hacia una estética de la andinidad. Descripción: se privilegia la metodología hermenéutica, que consiste en interpretar textos seleccionados para su análisis, a partir de los cuales se intenta descubrir los diversos niveles de comprensión articulados en el estudio de Mannina de Gamero, los interrogantes que plantea y las problemáticas suscitadas a raíz de tales cuestiones. Punto de vista: la estética de la autora se establece a partir de un análisis crítico de los aportes humanísticos de tres poetas argentinos: Juan Draghi Lucero, Manuel J. Castilla y Héctor D. Gatica. El presente artículo no se limita a un público especializado, sino que busca estimular la lectura placentera de estos tres poetas. Conclusiones: el enfoque elaborado por Mannina de Gamero acerca de la estética de la andinidad contribuye a replantear, sobre la base conceptual del binomio poetizar y pensar, la pregunta existencial por la identidad y el reconocimiento histórico que presupone todo fenómeno educativo situado en América Latina.
La gamificación en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Vélez-Osorio Iris María
Published: August 2020

Introducción: El propósito del presente artículo es describir la gamificación como una nueva metodología de enseñanza-aprendizaje, que permite a los estudiantes cumplir con objetivos específicos de aprendizaje y desarrollar habilidades. Metodología: Se efectuó un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo, realizando observación entre dos grupos de individuos a los que se les aplicó metodología magistral y metodología de gamificación en una misma asignatura, complementando con un análisis numérico de su desempeño académico. Resultados: Este estudio presenta una comparación entre la metodología de gamificación y la tradicional clase magistral para conocer sus efectos en la motivación de los estudiantes. Conclusiones: se concluye que la gamificación afecta positivamente el proceso de aprendizaje dado que permite estimular la motivación en los estudiantes, particularmente por la interacción positiva entre profesor y estudiantes.
Procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la universidad: perspectiva de los estudiantes
Authors: Cardona-Henao José Fernando
Published: August 2020

Introducción: La necesidad de pasar de la enseñanza al aprendizaje, hace reflexionar el tema en aulas universitarias, desde las exigencias de la educación para el siglo XXI, lo que reclama estrategias didácticas con procesos abiertos, flexibles e interdisciplinares. Desde una investigación descriptiva, con unidad de trabajo de 1.000 estudiantes de pregrado de tres universidades pereiranas, una muestra probabilística aleatoria simple de 100 estudiantes de ambos sexos, 30 de UniCatólica, 30 de UniAndina y 40 de UniLibre, a quienes se aplicó cuestionario Likert, para medir la enseñanza desde tres funciones específicas: a partir de la experimentación y el trabajo colaborativo; desde la correcta expresión y gesticulación del docente y de la motivación al estudiante; y a partir de buenas relaciones interpersonales y del control al aprendizaje del estudiante; cada función fue valorada desde diez indicadores. Resultados: Se encontró que en la universidad privada pereirana, en programas de pregrado, la enseñanza-aprendizaje ofrecida es un proceso efectivo, dinámico y proactivo desde la perspectiva del estudiante y desde el análisis hecho a las metodologías y estrategias didácticas utilizadas por los docentes. Conclusiones: En la universidad pereirana en programas de pregrado, se ofrece enseñanza-aprendizaje a partir de la experimentación y del trabajo colaborativo grupal; desde una correcta expresión y gesticulación del docente y de la motivación del estudiante; a partir de buenas relaciones interpersonales y control al aprendizaje del estudiante. De igual manera se observa que en dichas instituciones, la enseñanza-aprendizaje es un proceso efectivo, dinámico y proactivo desde la perspectiva del estudiante.
De la retroalimentación al seguimiento en el tercer turno de las secuencias irf: Un desafío para promover la interacción genuina en las clases efl
Authors: Pinzón-Jácome Laura Margarita , Lozano-Jaimes Carlos Augusto , Dueñas-Angulo Laura Cristina
Published: August 2020

Introducción: en este artículo presentamos un análisis de los patrones de interacción maestro-alumno en las clases de inglés como lengua extranjera (efl por sus siglas en inglés) de una universidad privada colombiana. Metodología: este análisis se realizó durante un estudio de caso cualitativo en el que se efectuaron 36 observaciones de clase. Los datos obtenidos se codificaron y categorizaron con la ayuda del software Nvivo10. Resultados : la interacción maestro-alumno fue el tipo más común de intercambio en el aula, siendo la secuencia de tres pasos,comúnmente conocida como irf por sus siglas en inglés, la forma reinante. En un intercambio irf el maestro (I) inicia la interacción, el estudiante (R) responde y el maestro proporciona (F) retroalimentación (feedback). El tercer paso de los intercambios irf apenas se utilizó de forma escasa para hacer seguimiento a las respuestas de los estudiantes. Adicionalmente, presentamos las implicaciones de utilizar el tercer paso tanto para retroalimentación como para seguimiento. Conclusiones : dado el análisis realizado, los autores concluyen que los profesores deberían utilizar el tercer paso para hacer seguimiento si el objetivo es promover una genuina interacción lingüística y comprometer a los estudiantes en una comunicación significativa
Editorial
Authors: Pacheco-Gualdrón Jorge Eliécer
Published: August 2020

Desde la Editorial continuamos planteándonos retos que fortalezcan cada día más la labor científica y académica de la Universidad y del país. Por ello, estamos comprometidos con la autoevaluación permanente y con la gestión pertinente de los procesos editoriales de la revista.
Arquitectura y cine en Valladolid. Estrategia de protección y gestión del patrimonio cultural moderno
Authors: Alonso-García Eusebio , Rincón-Borrego Iván , Pérez-Barreiro Sara
Published: August 2020

Patrimonio arquitectónico y audiovisual son dos recursos culturales de enorme importancia en la región deCastilla y León y, específicamente en su capital, la ciudad de Valladolid. El Grupo de Investigación Reconocidade Arquitectura y Cine de la Universidad de Valladolid (GIRAC), la Fundación Do.Co.Mo.Mo Ibérico,el Ayuntamiento de Valladolid y la Valladolid Film Office (VAFO) han llevado a cabo diversas iniciativaspara poner en valor y relacionar ambos campos de conocimiento. La riqueza cultural y económica queemana de dicha relación se ha consolidado mediante un proceso de protección municipal del patrimonio delMovimiento Moderno en Valladolid. El presente trabajo explica la estrategia de difusión y rentabilizacióneconómica de dicho patrimonio como sets de rodaje orientados a la producción de audiovisuales.
Metodologías participativas y patrimonio cultural inmaterial en los barrios
Authors: Nebot-Gómez de Salazar Nuria , Morales-Soler Eva , Rosa-Jiménez Carlos
Published: August 2020

La protección del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial (PCI) resulta fundamental como herramienta de cohesiónsocial en las comunidades locales, al infundir en ellas un sentimiento de identidad y continuidad, y promoverel respeto a la diversidad y creatividad humana. Sin embargo, la salvaguardia de este tipo de patrimonioes algo muy reciente y existe todavía una falta de consenso acerca de criterios comunes y metodologíaspara su protección. De ahí la importancia de diseñar y poner en práctica metodologías participativas quepermitan crear espacios de participación en torno a la gestión del PCI en los barrios. Este artículo muestralos resultados de una experiencia real llevada a cabo en el barrio de la Fontanalla en Málaga (España). Sepropone una serie de acciones metodológicas innovadoras y abiertas, basada en la participación e implicación de vecinos/as y entidades locales en el propio diseño del proceso participativo a desarrollar. Los resultados confirman la idoneidad de dicha metodología para crear espacios de participación. Las conclusiones recogen algunas particularidades de la gestión comunitaria del PCI, mecanismos utilizados, dificultades encontradas y su impacto en la gobernabilidad participativa del barrio malagueño.
Experiencias sobre el acercamiento del patrimonio malagueño a la ciudadanía
Authors: Santana-Guzmán Antonio Jesús
Published: August 2020

El presente trabajo expone una serie de procesos para la defensa del patrimonio arquitectónico y urbanísticode la ciudad de Málaga donde se ha participado de manera activa. Desde el rol del historiador delArte como docente se pretende el acercamiento de la ciudadanía a los bienes culturales a través de unvínculo emocional que los convierta en imprescindibles. Lo que provocará que, en el caso de producirseactuaciones en cuyos procesos estos elementos se pusieran en peligro de desaparición o pudiesen sufriralgún tipo de mutilación, sean los propios habitantes los que procedan a defender cada una de estas causas.En este estudio se han considerado dos sectores, en primer lugar el alumnado universitario, con unaformación específica; por otro lado el habitante, permanente o eventual, que se ubica en otros círculospero que desarrolla su actividad en el territorio donde se localizan estos elementos arquitectónicos. Laparticipación en el aula ha sido positiva y ha derivado en un aumento del interés y de la colaboraciónde los estudiantes en actos de defensa, mientras que en el trabajo con la ciudadanía ha resultado máscomplicada la implicación del residente, a pesar de que se han estudiado los perfiles de público y se hanadaptado las herramientas de difusión y divulgación.
Explicación del ethos discursivo de Lenín Moreno y Rafael Correa en 2018
Authors: Andino-Veloz Byron Pacífico
Published: August 2020

Este artículo aborda el análisis de discurso de Rafael Correa y Lenín Moreno en un nuevo contexto deEcuador con una variación de articulaciones políticas, en el que las estrategias discursivas tienen unarenovada formación del nosotros y los otros. El objetivo es indagar la construcción del ethos discursivode ambos políticos durante 2018, a través de lo dicho por ellos sobre sí. Es un análisis cualitativo deun corpus de 16 discursos televisivos (de diferentes tipos) de Moreno y 9 de Correa. En los resultadosaparece una fuerte carga de valores personales y políticos en lo manifestado por Moreno para sustentarsu propuesta del diálogo y ser refundador de la institucionalidad del país, mientras que Correa enfatizasu integridad moral, se declara perseguido y se construye como un redentor de la patria para salvarla.El estudio permitió conocer cómo estas estrategias discursivas buscaron construir su imagen sobre loshechos del pasado y el presente para formarlos de manera diferencial ante sus opositores construidos.
Rebelión social en la ciudad Notas sobre significaciones políticas del octubre chileno
Authors: Rodríguez-Mancilla Marcelo , Vargas-Muñoz Roberto , Contreras-Osses Paulo , Quiroz-Rojas Rodolfo
Published: August 2020

En este ensayo se proponen algunas notas sobre las significaciones políticas de la rebelión social, ocurridaa partir del 18 de octubre del año 2019 en diversas ciudades de Chile. Se argumenta que el actual escenariode movilizaciones es una respuesta al proceso histórico de neoliberalización de la sociedad chilena.Entre las características más importantes de esta rebelión, se encuentra la diversificación de los usos políticos del espacio urbano y la reapropiación subalterna de la articulación social en la ciudad. Este procesointensifica y extiende la conflictividad social producto de la profundización de las contradicciones delpatrón de acumulación de capital impuesto en la dictadura cívico-militar, y muestra el agotamiento delEstado subsidiario y de la democracia semi-soberana. A partir de un análisis de coyuntura, complementadacon la descripción de los principales ciclos de movilizaciones sociales en el espacio urbano desde lasegunda mitad del siglo XX, se sostiene que la actual rebelión social evidencia, parcialmente, la rupturadel consenso neoliberal, la politización de lo social y el fortalecimiento del poder local en las ciudades.Se concluye que lo novedoso de la rebelión social es la intensidad, amplitud y diversificación de formasy contenidos del ejercicio político de diversos sectores sociales y territoriales.
Small-scale Expression and Solubility Testing of Proteins in BL21 E. coli v2 v1
Authors: A Bielinski Vincent
Published: August 2020

Scaled-down solubility screen for bacterial overexpression constructs.
Towards the doctrine of the normal and narrow pelvis of the Russian woman
Authors: Rymsh L.
Published: August 2020

If you follow closely the course of the birth act consistently in many women in labor and you are critical of each deviation from the normal course, you cannot fail to notice that most of these deviations are more or less closely related to the spatial discrepancy between the capacity of the pelvic canal and the head of the fetus.
Pregnancy statistics with a two-legged uterus
Authors: Shtol' K. G.
Published: August 2020

The rarity of cases of a two-legged uterus, in general, and in particular of pregnancy of one of its horns, justifies the report of the case below, which is instructive in many respects.
Medical report on the Havana maternity hospital since August 17, 1888 To may 1, 1892
Authors: Massen V. N.
Published: August 2020

During the period from August 17, 1888 to may 1, 1892, only 1957 women were admitted to the Havana Maternity Hospital. Of this number, 1921 were allowed in the Shelter and 36 were discharged before the permit. The reason for the discharge of these last in most cases, the termination of labor pains. Of the 36 discharged, some were re-admitted to the shelter and were included in the number (1921) allowed in the Shelter
Several controversial issues in the doctrine of ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Werder X. O.
Published: August 2020

Mrs. R. 38 years old, V para; last birth 4 years ago; 4 miscarriages, of which the last one was 2 years ago. I always enjoyed good health, and only the regulations were not quite correct.
Amputation of the vaginal part of the cervix in cases of suspected cancer
Authors: Currier A. F.
Published: August 2020

The success of the surgical treatment of malignant diseases of the uterus very often depends on their early recognition.
Unsafe abortion among secondary school girls in a local authority in South-South Nigeria
Authors: Abah Matthias G. , Bassey Emem E. , Edu Emmanuel B. , Ovie Okupa D.
Published: August 2020

Background: Voluntary abortion for social reasons is illegal in Nigeria; however, the practice remains mostly clandestine and unsafe with varying consequences and determinants yet to be studied in all settings.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used to assess the prevalence, practice and determinants of termination of pregnancy amongst 119 female Secondary School students in South-South Nigeria.Results: The prevalence of abortion was 57.1%. Most of the students were above 18years (58.8%), Christian (95.8%) and of rural residence (66.4%). While 58.8% had experienced an unwanted pregnancy, 61.4% had used some form of contraceptive with condom being the commonest (39.5%). Most (89.1%) have heard of abortions while 67.6% and 16.2% have had abortions once and twice respectively with the top reasons for abortion being that they were still in school (33.8%), too young (25.9%) and to avoid shame or stigma associated with the pregnancy (11.7%). Dilation and curettage was the predominant method employed (40.2%) mainly by medical doctors (34.1% and pharmacists (35.6%) while 51 (75%) had post-abortal complaints such as pain (41.2%) and bleeding (21.6%). There was a significant association between having an abortion and place of residence (rural more than urban), (p=0.04), being pregnant more than once (p<0.001), mothers` level of education (p=0.03), fathers` level of education (p=0.02) and mothers occupation (p=0.04).Conclusions: The prevalence of abortion is high and complicated by high morbidity rate despite a higher contraceptive prevalence rate whose major determinants were the socio-demographic characteristics of the parents. There is a need for early sex education from parents as this can influence abortion perception and practice in later years.
Prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum and associated risk factors among pregnant women in a tertiary health facility in Northeast, Nigeria
Authors: Aminu Muhammad B. , Alkali Mohammed , Audu Bala M. , Abdulrazak Toyin , Bathna Dauda
Published: August 2020

Background: One of the commonest symptoms observed in pregnant women before the 20th week of gestation is nausea and vomiting, an exaggeration of these symptoms hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) could result in maternal and fetal catastrophes and even death. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for hyperemesis gravidarum among pregnant women at booking.Methods: A prospective institutional based study design was done among 452 pregnant women seen at booking in a tertiary hospital in Northeast Nigeria from the 1st February 2019 to 30th June 2019. Data was summarized using descriptive statistics. OR was used to measure significant risk.Results: The observed prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum among pregnant women in the study is 44.9%. The Majority (81.4%) of these women were between the age range of 21 and 35 years. Mean age of 27 years. Multiparity (33.4%), previous (44.9%) and family history of HEG (31.6%) were identified as important risk factors for developing HEG. Grand multiparity (11.5%) and gestational age less than 13 weeks (6.64%) were however less likely observed to be risks for HEG.Conclusions: HEG is a common problem in pregnancy with almost half of the number of pregnant women at booking affected. Multiparity and past history of HEG are pointers to developing the condition and it should be looked out for among at risk group of pregnant women, so that early intervention can be instituted to avoid any possible adverse outcome.
Implementation of active management of the third period of childbirth for the prevention of immediate post-partum bleeding in four regional maternity hospitals of Conakry, Guinea
Authors: Balde Ousmane , Balde Ibrahima S. , Sylla Ibrahima , Diallo Fatoumata B. , Sow Alhassane II. , Haidara Sidi M.
Published: August 2020

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the frequency, skills level of health care service providers; to identify complications and difficulties related to the implementation of AMTPC/GATPA.Methods: It was about prospective study, descriptive of 6 months (1st March to 31st August 2014) carried out in the maternity hospitals of Faranah, Kindia, Mamou and Nzérékoré. It concerned the parturient women who had recently given birth and the personnel that carried out AMTPC/GATPA in these hospitals.Results: During the study period of 1,254 out of 1,305 births had benefited of AMTPC/GATPA, a frequency of 96.1%. The midwives were the most represented personnel in the implementation of GATPA (44.1%). In 46.4% of the cases, the health care service providers acquired this competence from the initial training. The release was obtained in the first trial in 64.9% cases. The duration of implementation of GATPA was less than 5 minutes in 72.6% cases. The different stages were respected in 91.5% cases. Complications were dominated by retention of placental fragments (10.2%). Lack of oxytocin was the main difficulty (36.6%).Conclusions: The sustainability of this achievement would depend on the systematic and correct implementation of AMTPC/GATPA at all childbirth attendants and the effective management of oxytocin.
Pregnant women’s knowledge and practice of preventive measures against COVID-19: a study from Mysore city, Karnataka, India
Authors: Shivanagappa Mamatha , Bhavana Yerva Sai , Chandrashekarappa Smitha Malenahalli
Published: August 2020

Background: The presently ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has not spared any segment of society including pregnant women. It is absolutely essential that pregnant mothers and their caregivers be fully aware of accurate facts about COVID-19. Objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and practice of preventive measures against COVID-19 infection among pregnant women of Mysore City.Methods: This was a cross sectional study, conducted among pregnant women attending prenatal care at a tertiary care centre. Data was collected using a validated questionnaire administered via google form to consenting pregnant women. The variables assessed were knowledge about aetiology, mode of spread and preventive measures to protect against COVID-19. Data was also collected on socio-demographic characteristics, which included age, parity, marital status, residence, occupation, participant’s education, husband’s education.Results: Out of the 93 responders, majority 71 (76.3%) were in the age group 20-30 years. 17 (18.3%) were in the 30-40 years age group. Regarding number of children 41 (44.1%) had one child 16 (17.2%) had 2 children and 32 (34.3%) were primigravida. With respect to educational status 70 (75.26%) were having graduate degree. 19 (20.4%) were non graduates, but had completed high school. Educational level of the husbands of the respondents was along similar lines with 62 (66.66%) having completed graduation, and 28 (30.1%) had completed high school. 91(97.8%) respondents were correct in identifying virus as the cause of COVID-19. 88 (94.6%) rightly chose mode of spread by sneezing or cough. 1 (0.1%) respondent wrongly indicated that injections were the mode of spread. Main symptoms cough and fever were correctly identified by 80 (86%) respondents. The practice of preventive medicine was low with respect to all aspects of covid prevention. Only 27 (29.7%) were following frequent washing recommendation. Only 26 (28.6%) were following staying indoors advise. 28 (30.8%) of the respondents were wearing masks. However, 82 (90.1%) were following at least one of the preventive measures. There was a positive association of age and knowledge about covid causation. Respondents of higher age group having more correct answers than those of lower age groups.Conclusions: The knowledge levels of pregnant women were satisfactory However this was not translated into practice by majority of the respondents.
A prospective randomized comparison of mifepristone with misoprostol and prostaglandin E2 gel with misoprostol for medical termination of pregnancy between 13-20 week of gestation
Authors: Tanwar Meenakshi , Zuthsi Vijay
Published: August 2020

Background: Worldwide mid-trimester abortion constitutes 10-15% of all induced abortions. Similar trend is seen in India where mid-trimester abortion accounts for 12.9% of all abortions. Prostaglandins have been used for therapeutic termination of pregnancy from 9-22 weeks of gestation since 1970s. The ideal method for mid-trimester abortion with best efficacy and acceptability and least side effects are still to be found. Objective of this study was to compare two drug regimens for mid trimester abortion using mifepristone with intra-vaginal misoprostol and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) gel with intra-vaginal misoprostol for efficacy and side effects.Methods: This prospective randomized comparative clinical study was conducted on 50 women seeking mid trimester abortion, in two groups. One group received PGE2 gel and misoprostol, second group received mifepristone and misoprostol. Induction abortion interval, side effects were compared between two groups.Results: The mean induction-abortion interval in Group 1 was 6.50±3.54 hours and in Group 2 was 7.33±2.5 hours. In Group 1, success rate at 15 hours was 88%. In Group 2, success rate was 92% both at 15 and 24 hours. Surgical evacuation was required in 8% women in both groups.Conclusions: Both regimens are safe and has a few minor side effects. There was no major side effect and blood loss was within acceptable limits in both groups. The cost of abortifacients and hospital stay was lessor in group1 (prostaglandin gel and misoprostol) making it more economical.
A comparative study of intracervical foley’s catheter with oxytocin and vaginal misoprostol for induction of labour
Authors: . Priyanka , Arya Shashi Bala , Sinha Mirdu , Goel J. K.
Published: August 2020

Background: Induction of labour implies stimulation of uterine contraction before spontaneous onset of labour with or without ruptured membranes. Aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of intracervical Foley’s catheter with oxytocin and vaginal misoprostol for labour induction at term.Methods: A total 100 term pregnant women were chosen with bishop score <6 and divided into two groups: Foley’s catheter with oxytocin (Group A) and vaginal misoprostol (Group B). In Group A, a 16 F Foley’s catheter introduced beyond internal os and traction applied every 4 hourly to check for expulsion with simultaneous oxytocin infusion (2 mU/min up to 32 mU/min). In Group B, 25 mcg misoprostol administered every 4 hourly (maximum 6 doses or 150 mcg). Data analysed using SPSS software 20.0. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: No statistical difference found between demographic variables between two groups. Both primigravida and multigravida had poor pre-induction bishop score in both groups. Foley’s catheter (80%) and misoprostol group (96%) had successful induction and was statistically significant (p<0.05). Foley’s catheter took more time from induction-delivery both in primigravida and post-dated pregnant women. The rate of cesarean in Foley’s catheter group was high (62.5%) including 33% cases with failed induction. Foley’s catheter had less maternal and neonatal complications, less NICU admission as compared to misoprostol (p>0.05).Conclusions: Misoprostol was found better for successful induction, decreases induction-to-delivery interval and increases vaginal delivery as compared to Foley’s catheter but it needs constant supervision in view of hyperstimulation and tachysystole.
Impact of parenting style and upbringing on menstrual stress in adolescent South Indian girls
Authors: Vijay Christy , Ramesh Naveen , Gonsalves Kavita Peter
Published: August 2020

Background: School absenteeism because of major symptoms like dysmenorrhea has ranged from 14% to 51% and this has affected the participation of school going girls in school related activities. In developing countries, adolescent girls face health issues due to socio-economic, environmental conditions and gender discrimination. The parenting style has been explained by Baumrind, which harbours a particular coping mechanism. This study aimed to determine the level of stress in adolescent girls during menstruation using one of these standardised scales. Objective of this study was to assess stress levels during menstrual period among adolescent girls, problems faced during menstrual period and parenting skill effect on menstrual stress.Methods: This was a cross sectional study done on adolescent girls 13 to 19 years of age. The tool used in this study included demographic details, parenting style, (PSDQ scale), prevalence of stress (PSS). All the adolescent girls aged 13-19 years.Results: The study participants 54 (24.9%) felt stressed during the days of the menstrual period, 186 (85.7%) regarded their mother as the major source for menstruation related health issues, 112 (49.3%) did not get support from their family during the time of the menstrual period. Girls with parents who are very authoritarian 28 (31.5%) and very involved 34 (34%), had stress during the menstrual period.Conclusions: Parents play a very important role during the growing phase of an adolescent girl. The communication between parents and children related to menstrual health issues is dependent on educational status of the parents and their knowledge about menstrual health.
Fetomaternal outcome in COVID-19 infected pregnant women: a preliminary clinical study
Authors: Shah Parul T. , Shah Sapana R. , Shah Sushma R. , Yadava Pushpa A. , Patel Babulal S. , Chudasama Tanmay J.
Published: August 2020

Background: WHO has declared COVID-19 infection a health emergency of international concern on 11th March, 2020. It is not clear whether clinical characteristics of pregnant women with COVID-19 differ from those of nonpregnant women and whether it aggravates COVID-19 symptoms and whether antiviral therapy is necessary for COVID-19 infected pregnant women.Methods: This is prospective study of 125 cases based on the compiled clinical data for pregnant women with COVID-19 between 15th April 2020 and 10th June 2020. A laboratory confirmed positive case of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women were included.Results: The most common symptoms at presentation were cough in 61.6% (77/125) and fever in 46.4% (58/125). Other reported symptoms were sore throat in 13.6% (17/125), myalgia in 10.4% (13/125) while 38.4% (48/125) were asymptomatic. There were total 97 deliveries (including 2 twins’ deliveries) among which 3 cases had IUD. Present study reported 96 live births. The incidence of missed abortion was 2.4% (3/125). The incidence of preterm birth before 37 weeks was 8.2% (8/97). Ninety-six (96.9%) of neonates were tested for SARS-CoV-2 viral nucleic acid on nasopharyngeal and pharyngeal samples and 16.67% (16/96) were resulted positive.Conclusions: At present, there is no evidence regarding the greater risk of pregnant women to succumb to COVID-19 infection and experience severe pneumonia. The risks of spontaneous abortion and preterm birth are not increased as reported in this study but shows possibility of vertical transmission when it manifests during the third trimester of pregnancy.
Which is better for pfannensteil skin incision closure in caesarean section? Interrupted mattress suture or continuous subcuticular suture
Authors: S. Shridevi A , Bhovi Madhusoodana R. , Prabhudeva Prema , . Renuka , Maitra Camelia
Published: August 2020

Background: Caesarean delivery is one of the most commonly performed operations in obstetrics. Postoperative comfort of the woman largely depends on the method of skin closure. Wound complications from caesarean delivery such as dehiscence or infection cause a significant emotional and economic burden in obstetric care. There are many methods and techniques for skin wound closure in caesarean section. Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. The aim and objective of this study was to compare the wound outcomes in Pfannensteil incisions closed with mattress sutures using nonabsorbable suture and subcuticular sutures using absorbable sutures in caesarean deliveries.Methods: It is a prospective observational study done on 216 consecutive pregnant women who were admitted to labor room for elective or emergency caesarean section. Patients undergoing caesarean section with Pfannensteil incision between February 2019 to October 2019 were included in this study. Among 216 women, 108 women had mattress sutures and 108 women had subcuticular sutures for skin wound closure. The primary outcome studied was wound complications including erythema, wound dehiscence, burst abdomen, infection and pain which was studied on postoperative day 3-7. The secondary outcome was assessed at 6 weeks follow-up in terms of pain, cosmetic appearance of scar and patient satisfaction about scar.Results: A total of 216 pregnant women undergoing caesarean section were studied who had similar baseline characteristics and risk factors. However, women with previous caesarean section were more in mattress group. The overall incidence of erythema, surgical site infection, wound dehiscence, resuturing and pain was more in mattress group and was statistically significant. During follow-up at 6 weeks, women with subcuticular sutures had cosmetically better scar and more satisfied with their scars than women with mattress sutures but the pain level was same in both groups.Conclusions: Authors conclude that compared to mattress sutures, subcuticular sutures cause significantly fewer wound complications and pain in postoperative period. Also, subcuticular sutures are associated with cosmetically appealing scars and higher patient satisfaction. But there was no difference in pain level at 6 weeks in both methods of skin closure.
Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and its relation with adverse pregnancy outcome
Authors: Prabha Jyoti , Kumar Abhijeet
Published: August 2020

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent in all parts of the world. Pregnant women and neonates are highly vulnerable to vitamin D deficiency. Pregnant women receive very less amount of sunlight especially in parts of Southeast Asia due to traditional norms and customs. A strong positive correlation was found between low maternal vitamin D levels with gestational hypertension/preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm labour, low birth weight, intra uterine growth restriction, neonatal intensive care unit admission and Apgar score. Therefore, the present study was designed to know the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant females and to evaluate adverse effects associated with it.Methods: Total 250 nulliparous pregnant females attending Tirath Ram Shah Hospital for delivery and carrying a viable (>/28 weeks) singleton pregnancy were selected. Women with serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level <10 ng/ml, 10-20 ng/ml and <20 ng/ml, were diagnosed as vitamin D deficient, insufficient and sufficient groups respectively and the adverse outcomes was correlated.Results: In this study, out of 250 cases, 159 cases (63.6%) had vitamin D deficiency, 43 cases (17.2%) had insufficiency, and 48 cases (19.2%) had sufficient vitamin D levels (vitamin D ≥20 ng/ml). And, Vitamin D deficiency was associated with preeclampsia, preterm labour and increased risk of caesarean section.Conclusions: This study indicates that vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in pregnant females thus implicating the need of a uniform strategy of vitamin D supplementation to pregnant females.
Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus among reproductive age group females presenting with genital ulcer: study from a tertiary care centre in India
Authors: Kaur Tanreet , Shergill Harbhajan K.
Published: August 2020

Background: The co-existence genital ulcers either in the recipient or donor could potentially increase the risk of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Hence the meticulous clinical and serologic evaluation of females presenting with genital ulceration is important to curb the future spread of HIV.Methods: A total 80 female patients within the age group 15-45 years presenting with genital ulceration were enrolled in the study done at tertiary care centre in Amritsar for a period of one year. Various investigations such as Tzanck smear, VDRL, gram staining, genital mucosal biopsy, HSV serology and HIV testing - ELISA and Tri dot were done on study participants.Results: Out of 80 females, 8 patients with genital ulceration tested positive for HIV. Most common cause of genital ulceration in HIV positive female patients was herpes progenitalis (50%). Only 25% of HIV seropositive females were married rest were widowed or unmarried. History of condom use was absent in 62.5% of HIV positive females.Conclusions: Pre-existing genital ulcers due to sexually transmitted diseases (STD) or due to non-STDs, inconsistent condom use, urbanization and pre/extra marital affairs are risk factors for the acquisition of HIV.
Laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy: an experience at a Fortis Escorts hospital
Authors: Rajput Neelu , Yadav Sahab Singh , Narwade Pratibha
Published: August 2020

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) in terms of demographic data of patients, indications, uterine size, intraoperative and postoperative complications, amount of blood loss, operative time and duration of hospital stay.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 160 cases, who underwent laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy in the period between October 2018 to November 2019 at the Fortis Escorts Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India.Results: Majority of patients (58.75%) belongs to age group between 40-50 year. Only 30.62% cases had a history of one previous abdomino-pelvic surgery. Majority of cases (52.5%) in the study group had uterine size between 6-12 weeks. Most common indication of hysterectomy in this study was fibroid uterus which account for 49.37% of cases followed by dysfunctional uterine bleeding (16.87%) cases. Mean time of surgery in this study was 114.4±0.59 min and average blood loss was 135.62±47.63 ml. The mean weight of uterus was 243.75±82.94 gm. 5% cases had major intraoperative complications while minor postoperative complications were seen in 16.87% cases. Bladder injury was seen in 1.25%. Major haemorrhage occur in 1.25%. In this study conversion to laparotomy rate was 1.25%. Only one case of ureteric injury and one case of bowel injury was noted. Among minor complications fever (6.25%) and urinary tract infection (5.62%) were mainly seen. Mean duration of hospital stay was 2.82±1.17 days.Conclusions: LAVH enables the surgeon to convert most of the abdominal hysterectomies into vaginal ones and hence decreases postoperative pain, decreases complications, lesser duration of hospital stay and rapid return to normal activity.
The bleeding mother and her baby: a study to determine the fetomaternal outcome in cases of placenta previa
Authors: Lewis Preeti Frank , Bijapur Sana Tarannum , Gurnani Deepika
Published: August 2020

Background: Placenta previa is one of the major causes for obstetric hemorrhagic morbidity and mortality with increasing incidence in recent times. This study aims at determining risk factors, maternal and fetal outcome associated with placenta previa.Methods: This was an observational, retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai from May 2017 to March 2020. A total of 102 women with placenta previa during the study period were included, their case records critically analyzed to identify risk factors, maternal outcome in relation with blood transfusion required, ICU admission, obstetric hysterectomy and fetal outcome pertaining to prematurity, asphyxia and mortality.Results: A total of 102 patients were analyzed. Placenta previa was more common in >26 years of age, multipara (64.7%), with previous history of caesarean sections (21.5%) and previous curettage (11.7%), 44.2% babies born were preterm, 4.4% stillbirths and 8.5% neonatal deaths. Maternal complications like antepartum hemorrhage was seen in 58.8% patients and postpartum hemorrhage in 33.3%, blood transfusion was required in only 18 patients post operatively, bladder rent was seen in 3 patients and there was no maternal mortality. 44 patients required uterine artery ligation, Ashok Anand stitch was taken in 37 patients, uterus compression sutures in 10, obstetric hysterectomy in 7 patients and internal iliac artery ligation in 2 patients.Conclusions: Early identification of women at risk, obstetric preparedness and simple techniques like uterine artery ligation, Ashok Anand stitch and uterine compression sutures can help in effectively reducing need for multiple blood transfusions and morbidity.
Medical management of ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Bhutia Tseten Zangmu , Tamang Zigmee Dorjee , Giri Goutam
Published: August 2020

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is a commonest cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy. Clinical presentation of ectopic pregnancy has changed from life threatening disease to a more benign condition for which nonsurgical treatment options are available with methotrexate administered systemically or locally. The study was done to evaluate the outcome of medical management of ectopic pregnancy with single regimen methotrexate.Methods: A cohort study was conducted over 18 months on 60 unruptured ectopic pregnancies who were treated with methotrexate injection.Results: Out of 60 unruptured ectopic pregnancies, 53 (88.3%) were successfully treated with methotrexate. Failure rate was 11.7% (7/60) patients who underwent laparotomy. Success of medical treatment was dependent on pretreatment β-hCG (≤4102.5 mIU/mL), period of gestation (≤5 weeks), size of gestational sac (≤3 cm) above which the failure rate increases. No correlation was seen between fall of β-hCG from day 4 to 7 and the success rate. Mean time to resolution of β-hCG seen was 4.3±1.25 weeks. Mean duration of hospital stay was 8.85±1.603 days. Single dose regimen of methotrexate was given to all patients and only 1/60 patients required second dose of methotrexate for suboptimal decrease of β-hCG.Conclusions: The result showed that pretreatment β-hCG level and period of gestation were good predictors for success of medical treatment.
Pregnancy outcome in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: an observational case control study
Authors: Maiti G. D. , Pal Arup Ratan , Jose Tony , Saraswat Monica
Published: August 2020

Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (IHCP) is the most common cholestatic liver disease, which may impact the foeto-maternal health. The present study is conducted to determine various factors including maternal and neonatal outcome in IHCP comparing with the controls.Methods: In this prospective case control study, pregnancy with IHCP is compared with asymptomatic non-IHCP controls. Classical pruritus, icterus, elevated liver enzymes were considered in diagnostic criteria of IHCP. Dermatological lesion, acute or chronic liver disease, and other causes of pruritus were excluded from study.Results: Out of 100 patients, 50 cases and 50 controls were included in this study. Incidence of IHCP was seen 3.914% of which 66% were primi presented maximum at 31-33 weeks. 86% of IHCP responded to medication. Mean value of ALT, AST and ALP was found significantly raised (p value-<0.001) in IHCP patients. 66% in IHCP and 64% in non-IHCP group had normal delivery and remaining 34% and 36 % had caesarean delivery respectively. There was no significant increase in foetal distress or low Apgar (<7 at 5 min) at birth or adverse neonatal or maternal outcome in IHCP group. However, there was a statistically high meconium stained liquor (MSL), neonatal jaundice, IUGR and NICU admission were noted in the IHCP group in comparison to non-IHCP group.Conclusions: There is a significant incidence of IHCP in the obstetrical population. The biochemical changes, meconium stained liquor, neonatal jaundice, IUGR and NICU admission were significantly high in IHCP in pregnancy.
Prevalence of menopausal symptoms and its association with various factors among women in post menopausal age group: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Satapathy Sushree Priyadarsini , Karmee Nivedita , Dash Rabinarayan
Published: August 2020

Background: Menopause is an important time in women's life and it is a natural event in the process of aging. The onset of menopause heralds a time of diminished estrogen exposure, which may have both acute and chronic effect on health and quality of life.Methods: It was a cross sectional study, conducted for a period of 3months i.e. June to August 2018 among post menopausal women in 8 selected villages with a sample size of 247.Results: The common post- menopausal symptoms were joint and muscular discomfort, bladder problems, symptoms of dryness of vagina, physical and mental exhaustion. Factors like education, occupation, socio-economic status, marital status, parity, mode of delivery, age at menopause and BMI was related to one or more menopausal symptoms.  Conclusions: Proper and timely intervention among post menopausal women will help to reduce the symptoms and lead a better quality of life.
Study of malignant tumours of the uterine corpus: histopathology and immunohistochemistry
Authors: A. Zahida O. , Niaz Mohammad , Upadhyaya Krishnaraj
Published: August 2020

Background: The uterine corpus represents the second most common site for malignancy in the female genital tract. This study was performed to ascertain the profile of malignant tumours of the uterine corpus reported at our centre.Methods: A retrospective analysis of cases retrieved from the archives of the department of pathology from January 2014 to December 2016. Clinical information of the patients was collected from the hospital records.  Classification and grading of the tumours were done according to the current WHO classification.Results: Nineteen cases were studied. There were ten cases of endometrial adenocarcinoma, five cases of leiomyosarcoma, three cases of endometrial stromal sarcoma and one case of carcinosarcoma(malignant mixed mullerian tumour). The age range of endometrial adenocarcinoma was 55 to 85 years and presented with post menopausal bleeding, whereas endometrial stromal sarcomas occurred in women above 45 years of age. Leiomyosarcomas had age range from 26 to 65 years. All leiomyosarcomas were clinically diagnosed as fibroid. Majority of endometrial adenocarcinomas were well differentiated endometroid type. Out of the three endometrial stromal sarcomas two were high grade, one with metastasis. All leiomyosarcomas showed mitotic rate above 10/10hpf.Conclusions: Endometrial carcinomas form the majority of malignant tumours of uterine corpus and occur in older age group followed by leiomyosarcomas. Endometrial stromal sarcomas are less common and occur in middle aged and older patients. Leiomyosarcomas and stromal sarcomas are usually misdiagnosed as fibroids clinically unless metastases are present.
Gastrointestinal symptoms in COVID-19 patients: a case series
Authors: Naghma Shahida , Kumar Deepak
Published: August 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), presents an ongoing global threat. Common clinical features reported in early confirmed infections included fever, cough, and myalgias or fatigue. But as testing capacity and case numbers have increased worldwide, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as diarrhoea, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite have been increasingly recognized. Authors present a case series of gastrointestinal symptoms in COVID-19 patients and how they were managed at the hospital. However, correlations between the presence of fecal virus RNA and severity of digestive symptoms, namely, diarrhoea severity could not be established due to unavailability of the test in the hospital setting. Although knowledge about the viability of SARS-CoV-2 is limited, the virus could remain viable in the environment for days, which could lead to faeco-oral transmission. Various studies conducted on COVID-19 patients recommended routine stool sample testing with real-time RT-PCR after the clearance of viral RNA in a patient’s respiratory samples. Strict precautions to prevent transmission should be taken for patients who are in hospital or self-quarantined if their faecal samples test positive. Optimally, testing for COVID-19 should be performed using both respiratory and stool samples, if available.
Synchronous endometrial and ovarian cancer: a rare presentation
Authors: Yadav Reena , Jaiswal Nishtha , Yadav Ruby , Kumar Manisha
Published: August 2020

Synchronous primary cancers are relatively uncommon in the general population. About 0.5 -1.7% of gynecological malignancies have synchronous primary cancer of female genital tract. Amongst the synchronous gynecological malignancies synchronous endometrioid carcinoma is most common and has good prognosis. Patients with synchronous endometrioid tumors of endometrium and ovary are usually younger, have low grade number, and their prognosis is better than other histologic types. The authors are presenting a case of 38 years old nulliparous obese woman with pain in abdomen and heavy menstrual bleeding for a duration of four months. The MRI pelvis was suggestive of well defined, lobulated, complex, solid cystic multiseptated lesion measuring 8.8×7.7×8.8 cm in right adnexa, with anteverted uterus, and a bulky indistinct emdomyometrial junction. Histopathology revealed synchronous endometrial carcinoma of both uterus and ovary.