bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A governance and legal framework for getting to “yes” with enterprise-level data integration
Authors: Hawn Nelson Amy , Hogle Paul , Zanti Sharon , Proescholdbell Scott , Tenenbaum Jessica D.
Published: August 2024

Public agencies routinely collect administrative data that, when shared and integrated, can form a rich picture of the health and well-being of the communities they serve. One major challenge is that these datasets are often siloed within individual agencies or programs and using them effectively presents legal, technical, and cultural obstacles. This article describes work led by the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (NCDHHS) with support from university-based researchers to establish enterprise-wide data governance and a legal framework for routine data sharing, toward the goal of increased capacity for integrated data analysis, improved policy and practice, and better health outcomes for North Carolinians. We relied on participatory action research (PAR) methods and Deliberative Dialogue to engage a diverse range of stakeholders in the co-creation of a data governance process and legal framework for routine data sharing in NCDHHS. Four key actions were taken as a result of the participatory research process: NCDHHS developed a data strategy road map, created a data sharing guidebook to operationalize legal and ethical review of requests, staffed the Data Office, and implemented a legal framework. In addition to describing how these ongoing streams of work support data use across a large state health and human services agency, we provide three use cases demonstrating the impact of this work. This research presents a successful, actionable, and replicable framework for developing and implementing processes to support intradepartmental data access, integration, and use.
What does a record have to do with it? Re-situating records management within Indian public data governance and policy
Authors: Sen Srijoni , Jindal Trishi
Published: August 2024

A number of data governance policies have recently been introduced or revised by the Indian Government with the stated goal of unlocking the developmental and economic potential of data. The policies seek to implement standardized frameworks for public data management and establish platforms for data exchange. However, India has a longstanding history of record-keeping and information transparency practices, which are crucial in the context of data management. These connections have not been explicitly addressed in recent policies like the Draft National Data Governance Framework, 2022. To understand if record management has a role to play in modern public data governance, we analyze the key new data governance framework and the associated Indian Urban Data Exchange platform as a case study. The study examines the exchange where public records serve as a potential source of data. It evaluates the coverage and the actors involved in the creation of this data to understand the impact of records management on government departments’ ability to publish datasets. We conclude that while India recognizes the importance of data as a public good, it needs to integrate digital records management practices more effectively into its policies to ensure accurate, up-to-date, and accessible data for public benefit.
Simulation and scaling analysis of periodic surfaces with small-scale roughness in turbulent Ekman flow
Authors: Kostelecky Jonathan , Ansorge Cedrick
Published: August 2024

Roughness of the surface underlying the atmospheric boundary layer causes departures of the near-surface scalar and momentum transport in comparison with aerodynamically smooth surfaces. Here, we investigate the effect of

$56\times 56$

homogeneously distributed roughness elements on bulk properties of a turbulent Ekman flow. Direct numerical simulation in combination with an immersed boundary method is performed for fully resolved, three-dimensional roughness elements. The packing density is approximately

$10\,\%$

and the roughness elements have a mean height in wall units of

$10 \lesssim H^+ \lesssim 40$

. According to their roughness Reynolds numbers, the cases are transitionally rough, although the roughest case is on the verge of being fully rough. We derive the friction of velocity and of the passive scalar through vertical integration of the respective balances. Thereby, we quantify the enhancement of turbulent activity with increasing roughness height and find a scaling for the friction Reynolds number that is verified up to

$Re_\tau \approx 2700$

. The higher level of turbulent activity results in a deeper logarithmic layer for the rough cases and an increase of the near-surface wind veer in spite of higher

$Re_\tau$

. We estimate the von Kármán constant for the horizontal velocity

$\kappa _{m}=0.42$

(offset

$A=5.44$

) and for the passive scalar

$\kappa _{h}=0.35$

(offset

$\mathbb {A}=4.2$

). We find an accurate collapse of the data under the rough-wall scaling in the logarithmic layer, which also yields a scaling for the roughness parameters

$z$

-nought for momentum (

$z_{0{m}}$

) and the passive scalar (

$z_{0{h}}$

).
Love Through Suffering
Authors: Ian C. Laurie
Published: August 2024

'Little children, love one another.' Do we really love our neighbours as we should? And are we to love them as the world thinks we should? How often do we hear people accuse us of appearing to be unkind, or harsh or callous. 'Look here', they say, pointing out some case of social injustice, or one or hardship. 'Do you call that loving your neighbour?' And they scoff: 'Call yourselves followers of Christ?' One old man I met told me that he believed that organized religion was the prime cause of all the trouble in the world today. We try to console ourselves that these people fail to understand Christ's teaching, but if that is so we should surely try to enlighten them.
Sensing Remote Realms of the Deep Ocean on Earth—and Beyond
Authors: Yanchilina Anastasia , Rodriguez Laura E. , Price Roy , Barge Laura , Sobron Pablo
Published: August 2024

A novel laser-equipped probe is collecting measurements of deep-sea geochemical environments that once seemed impossible to gather, pointing the way toward future explorations of other ocean worlds.
Operational Earthquake Forecasting – What is it and How is it Done?
Authors: Mizrahi Leila
Published: August 2024

While earthquakes cannot be deterministically predicted, operational earthquake forecasting systems can provide valuable insights into the likelihood of future quakes.
Assessing the Optimal Tsunami Inundation Modeling Strategy for Large Earthquakes in Subduction Zones
Authors: Scala A. , Lorito S. , Escalante Sánchez C. , Romano F. , Festa G. , Abbate A. , Bayraktar H. B. , Castro M. J. , Macías J. , Gonzalez‐Vida J. M.
Published: August 2024

Tsunamis are rare events involving several complex physical phenomena. Due to this complexity and the relative scarcity of observations, tsunami research makes extensive use of numerical simulations. For seismogenic tsunamis, the source is often modeled as an instantaneous sea‐floor displacement (IS), while the tsunami propagation and inundation is computed through a shallow water approximation (SW). Here, we investigate what is the best tsunami inundation modeling strategy for different realistic earthquake source size and duration. We use 1D earthquake‐tsunami coupled simulations of large M > 8 earthquakes in Tohoku‐like subduction zone to test for which conditions the IS and/or the SW approximations can simulate with enough accuracy the tsunami evolution. We use as a reference a time‐dependent (TD), multi‐layer, non‐hydrostatic (NH) 1D model. Source duration, and size, are based on 1D dynamic rupture simulations with realistic stress drop and rigidity. We show that slow ruptures, generating slip in the shallow part of subduction zones (e.g., tsunami earthquakes), and very large events, with an along‐dip extent comparable with the trench‐coast distance (as occurs for megathrust events) require a TD‐NH modeling, especially for regions with steep coastal bathymetry. Conversely, deeper, higher stress‐drop events can be modeled through an IS‐SW approximation. We finally show that: (a) steeper bathymetries generate larger runups and, (b) a resonant mechanism emerges with runup amplifications associated with larger source size on flatter bathymetries. These results, obtained with 1D modeling, can serve as a guide for the appropriate 2/3D simulation approach for applications ranging from fundamental tsunami science to computational‐intensive hazard assessments.
Machine learning in paediatric haematological malignancies: a systematic review of prognosis, toxicity and treatment response models
Authors: Gurumurthy Gerard , Gurumurthy Juditha , Gurumurthy Samantha
Published: August 2024

Background

Machine Learning (ML) has demonstrated potential in enhancing care in adult oncology. However, its application in paediatric haematological malignancies is still emerging, necessitating a comprehensive review of its capabilities and limitations in this area.

Methods

A literature search was conducted through Ovid. Studies included focused on ML models in paediatric patients with haematological malignancies. Studies were categorised into thematic groups for analysis.

Results

Twenty studies, primarily on leukaemia, were included in this review. Studies were organised into thematic categories such as prognoses, treatment responses and toxicity predictions. Prognostic studies showed AUC scores between 0.685 and 0.929, indicating moderate-high predictive accuracy. Treatment response studies demonstrated AUC scores between 0.840 and 0.875, reflecting moderate accuracy. Toxicity prediction studies reported high accuracy with AUC scores from 0.870 to 0.927. Only five studies (25%) performed external validation. Significant heterogeneity was noted in ML tasks, reporting formats, and effect measures across studies, highlighting a lack of standardised reporting and challenges in data comparability.

Conclusion

The clinical applicability of these ML models remains limited by the lack of external validation and methodological heterogeneity. Addressing these challenges through standardised reporting and rigorous external validation is needed to translate ML from a promising research tool into a reliable clinical practice component.

Impact

Key message: Machine Learning (ML) significantly enhances predictive models in paediatric haematological cancers, offering new avenues for personalised treatment strategies. Future research should focus on developing ML models that can integrate with real-time clinical workflows.

Addition to literature: Provides a comprehensive overview of current ML applications and trends. It identifies limitations to its applicability, including the limited diversity in datasets, which may affect the generalisability of ML models across different populations.

Impact: Encourages standardisation and external validation in ML studies, aiming to improve patient outcomes through precision medicine in paediatric haematological oncology.
Exploring impact of green finance and natural resources on eco-efficiency: case of China
Authors: Fang Xu , Khalaf Osamah Ibrahim , Guanglei Wu , Cristia Juan Felipe Espinosa , Almasabi Salwa
Published: August 2024

China ranks 160 out of 180 countries in terms of ecological efficiency, with an EPI score of 28.40 and a 10-year average change in score of 11.40. This article examines the impact of green finance and China’s natural resources on regional ecological efficiency using the Tobit regression model. The study uses the average yearly exchange rate to normalize dollar-related values and GDP to 2012 RMB using the price deflator. Variables used as explanatory tools include green financing, the availability of natural resources, and regional eco-efficiency. The results of the study imply that natural resources in eastern region of China are better managed as and have avoided the resource curse as compared to central and western regions. Resources temporarily support area economic and social growth. However, resource agglomeration locks many elements in the resource industry and degrades regional industrial development, generating environmental and social difficulties that may hinder regional economic progress. Given that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increases regional eco-efficiency after accounting for adjustment. The FDI positively correlated with ecological efficiency in the east zone, while central and western zones have negative correlations. The industrial development of the nation negatively impacts ecological efficiency in the East, Midwest, and West regions. Western results are distinctive, with ecological efficiency and regional economic growth frequently going hand in hand.
CTNet: a convolutional transformer network for EEG-based motor imagery classification
Authors: Zhao Wei , Jiang Xiaolu , Zhang Baocan , Xiao Shixiao , Weng Sujun
Published: August 2024

Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology bridges the direct communication between the brain and machines, unlocking new possibilities for human interaction and rehabilitation. EEG-based motor imagery (MI) plays a pivotal role in BCI, enabling the translation of thought into actionable commands for interactive and assistive technologies. However, the constrained decoding performance of brain signals poses a limitation to the broader application and development of BCI systems. In this study, we introduce a convolutional Transformer network (CTNet) designed for EEG-based MI classification. Firstly, CTNet employs a convolutional module analogous to EEGNet, dedicated to extracting local and spatial features from EEG time series. Subsequently, it incorporates a Transformer encoder module, leveraging a multi-head attention mechanism to discern the global dependencies of EEG's high-level features. Finally, a straightforward classifier module comprising fully connected layers is followed to categorize EEG signals. In subject-specific evaluations, CTNet achieved remarkable decoding accuracies of 82.52% and 88.49% on the BCI IV-2a and IV-2b datasets, respectively. Furthermore, in the challenging cross-subject assessments, CTNet achieved recognition accuracies of 58.64% on the BCI IV-2a dataset and 76.27% on the BCI IV-2b dataset. In both subject-specific and cross-subject evaluations, CTNet holds a leading position when compared to some of the state-of-the-art methods. This underscores the exceptional efficacy of our approach and its potential to set a new benchmark in EEG decoding.
Thermokarst landscape exhibits large nitrous oxide emissions in Alaska’s coastal polygonal tundra
Authors: Hashemi Josh , Lipson David A. , Arndt Kyle A. , Davidson Scott J. , Kalhori Aram , Lunneberg Kyle , van Delden Lona , Oechel Walter C. , Zona Donatella
Published: August 2024

Global atmospheric concentrations of nitrous oxide have been increasing over previous decades with emerging research suggesting the Arctic as a notable contributor. Thermokarst processes, increasing temperature, and changes in drainage can cause degradation of polygonal tundra landscape features resulting in elevated, well-drained, unvegetated soil surfaces that exhibit large nitrous oxide emissions. Here, we outline the magnitude and some of the dominant factors controlling variability in emissions for these thermokarst landscape features in the North Slope of Alaska. We measured strong nitrous oxide emissions during the growing season from unvegetated high centered polygons (median (mean) = 104.7 (187.7) µg N2O-N m−2 h−1), substantially higher than mean rates associated with Arctic tundra wetlands and of similar magnitude to unvegetated hotspots in peat plateaus and palsa mires. In the absence of vegetation, isotopic enrichment of 15N in these thermokarst features indicates a greater influence of microbial processes, (denitrification and nitrification) from barren soil. Findings reveal that the thermokarst features discussed here (~1.5% of the study area) are likely a notable source of nitrous oxide emissions, as inferred from chamber-based estimates. Growing season emissions, estimated at 16 (28) mg N2O-N ha−1 h−1, may be large enough to affect landscape-level greenhouse gas budgets.
Intravascular ICG-enhanced NIRF-IVUS imaging to assess progressive atherosclerotic lesions in excised human coronary arteries
Authors: Rauschendorfer Philipp , Lenz Tobias , Nicol Philipp , Wild Léa , Beele Alicia , Sabic Emina , Klosterman Grace , Laugwitz Karl-Ludwig , Jaffer Farouc A. , Gorpas Dimitris , Joner Michael , Ntziachristos Vasilis
Published: August 2024

Indocyanine green (ICG)-enhanced intravascular near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging enhances the information obtained with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) by visualizing pathobiological characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques. To advance our understanding of this hybrid method, we aimed to assess the potential of NIRF-IVUS to identify different stages of atheroma progression by characterizing ICG uptake in human pathological specimens. After excision, 15 human coronary specimens from 13 adult patients were ICG-perfused and imaged with NIRF-IVUS. All specimens were then histopathologically and immunohistochemically assessed. NIRF-IVUS imaging revealed colocalization of ICG-deposition to plaque areas of lipid accumulation, endothelial disruption, neovascularization and inflammation. Moreover, ICG concentrations were significantly higher in advanced coronary artery disease stages (p < 0.05) and correlated significantly to plaque macrophage burden (r = 0.67). Current intravascular methods fail to detect plaque biology. Thus, we demonstrate how human coronary atheroma stage can be assessed based on pathobiological characteristics uniquely captured by ICG-enhanced intravascular NIRF.
Membrane-free sequential paired electrosynthesis of 1,4-hydroquinone from phenol over a self-supported electrocatalytic electrode
Authors: Zhang Wei-Ling , Li Ya-Jing , He Yingchun , Zhang Shao , Li Haohong , Zheng Huidong , Zhu Qi-Long
Published: August 2024

The membrane-free sequential paired electrolysis over a self-supported PbO2/CF electrode achieves the high-performance electrosynthesis of 1,4-hydroquinone from phenol.
Novel application of silicon multi-vacancy satellite peaks for silicate minerals analysis in igneous rocks using WD-XRF coupled with chemometrics analysis
Authors: Maurya Ashok Kumar
Published: August 2024

X-ray spectra are pivotal for understanding chemical bonding and atomic interactions in materials.
A universal framework for determining the effect of operating parameters on piezoionic voltage generation
Authors: Xu Jiangang , Li Qiang , Ho Derek
Published: August 2024

A novel universal framework is presented to describe the effect of operating parameters on the spatial-temporal profile of the generated voltage of piezoionic devices.
Metal-free three-component amino- and carbotrideuteromethylthiolation of alkenes in water
Authors: Han Siyu , Zhao Lin , Zhou Xinyu , Zhang Kemeng , Ma Yunfei , Wu Ge
Published: August 2024

Three-component amino- and carbotrideuteromethylthiolation of alkenes in water.
Bis(pentafluorophenyl)borane catalyzed atom-economic formation of alkenyl- and (homo)allyl boronates from dienes and boronic esters
Authors: Wech Felix , Koch Niklas , Müller Tizian , Gellrich Urs
Published: August 2024

The transition metal-free, atom-economic formation of cyclic alkenylboronates with normal ring size and (homo)allylboronates from dienes and dioxaborolanes catalyzed by bis(pentafluorophenyl)borane is reported.
Replacing sulfuric acid with water in electrochemical metal-free mild aromatic C–H amidation: a direct route to N-phenylamides
Authors: Kononov Alexander I. , Strekalova Sofia O. , Morozov Vladimir I. , Boyko Konstantin V. , Timashev Vladimir I. , Medvedev Michael G. , Babaeva Olga B. , Kobeleva Ekaterina V. , Ivshin Kamil A. , Babaev Vasily M. , Budnikova Yulia H.
Published: August 2024

In this work, we describe a mild electro-oxidative metal-, oxidant- and acid-free direct amidation of aromatic C–H bonds using nitrile solvents as a source of amide and amine moieties.
Bioinspired photo-driven hydrogen evolution systems based on hydrogenases and their mimics
Authors: Gupta Rahat , Pal Amlan K.
Published: August 2024

Photocatalytic HER using hydrogenases and their mimics in conjugation with artificial photosensitizers like metal complexes, dyes, and semiconductors is showcased. These systems exhibit robust and sustainable solar energy-to-H2 conversion.
Anion exchange membrane water electrolysis over superparamagnetic ferrites
Authors: Fernandes Tiago , Mohan Ramsundar Rani , Donk Laura , Chen Wei , Biz Chiara , Fianchini Mauro , Kamali Saeed , Alizadeh Siavash Mohammad , Kitayev Anna , Ashdot Aviv , Page Miles , Salonen Laura M. , Kopp Sebastian , Gutelmacher Ervin Tal , Gracia José , Figueiredo Marta Costa , Kolen’ko Yury V.
Published: August 2024

The large-scale batch synthesis of several superparamagnetic spinel ferrites is reported to investigate their performance as catalysts for industrial-scale anionic exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMEL).
Inter‐Cloud Data Security Framework to Build Trust Based on Compliance with Controls
Authors: Akhtar Syed Imran , Rauf Abdul , Amjad Muhammad Faisal , Batool Ifra
Published: August 2024

Prospects of cloud computing as a technology that optimizes resources, reduces complexity, and provides cost‐effective solutions to its consumers are well established. The future of cloud is the “cloud of clouds,” where cloud service providers (CSPs) collaborate with each other to provide ever‐scalable solutions to their customers. However, one of the most restricting factors toward the use of the cloud by its consumers is their concerns about data security. Most sensitive to any organization is its data, thus, to give confidence to these organizations to put their data in the cloud requires a trustworthy framework. Therefore, this paper proposes an inter‐cloud data security framework, which is a set of controls and a mechanism to measure trust for data sharing based on compliance with the controls. The proposed framework for building inter‐cloud trust for data security (FBI‐TDS) defines a set of data security controls extracted to cover the possible data‐related threats linked with various inter‐cloud use cases. As part of FBI‐TDS, a mechanism is suggested that would enable CSPs to view compliance with data security controls and the overall trustworthiness of other CSPs. This would enable them to decide the level of interaction that they might undertake, depending upon their data security commitments. A data security compliance monitor service is proposed which measures compliance with data security controls. This service communicates with data trust as a service (DTaaS), which measures the trustworthiness of a CSP based on its total compliance value, users’ feedback rating, and cloud security auditor rating. CSPs who subscribe to DTaaS would be able to view the trustworthiness of other CSPs, yet they would be bound to provide access to the service to measure theirs as well. This new approach to data security in inter‐cloud is a mix of data security controls, their measure of compliance, and based on this trust value of a CSP for handling data. The proposed solution thus promotes the cloud of clouds by securing inter‐cloud interactions for data‐related use cases.
Unsaturated fat supplemented in the form of Ca-soap and prill fat in dairy cattle ration: In vitro study
Authors: Riestanti Lolita Udin , Despal  , Retnani Yuli , Andarwulan Nuri
Published: August 2024

Supplementing vegetable oils in dairy ration containing polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) as an energy source tend to increased fatty acid profiles. This study aimed to identify the effect of supplementing vegetable oil encapsulated in Ca-soap and prilled on rumen fermentability and digestibility. The experiment used a 4x4x2 factorial randomized block design with three replications. Rumen liquor was obtained from fistulated dairy cow Frisien Holstein. The first factor was the vegetable-based oil (sunflower, soybean, sesame, and canola), the second factor was the level of protected vegetable oils supplementation (0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%) and the third factor was the protection forms. The results showed that supplementing Ca-soap and prill fat significantly decreased (p<0.05) in rumen fermentability and ration digestibility. The variation of oil used, protection forms and level supplementation were significantly influenced pH score and protozoa population. Interaction effects between two factors were found in volatile fatty acid, ammonia, dry matter digestibility (DMD) and organic matter digestibility (OMD). Interaction effects between three factors were found in total rumen bacteria. It is concluded that Ca-soap and prilled fat-protected vegetables oil addition in dairy ration can be used up to 3% to reach the optimum result and less adverse effect on rumen microbial.
Comparative Analysis of Calcium Sources for Enhancing Protection in Coconut Fatty Acid Distillate Ca-soap Production using FTIR
Authors: Zahera Rika , Pratiwi Mega Indah , Fitri Ainissya , Koike Satoshi , Permana Idat Galih , Despal
Published: August 2024

Coconut fatty acid distillate (CFAD) is a by-product of the coconut oil process which rich medium-chain fatty acid and can be utilized in dairy ration as a protected form. Calcium soap (Ca-soap) is a protected fat method that is affordable to apply in dairy farms. This study compared the quality of Ca-soap with different calcium sources using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy. There were two Ca-soap of CFAD using CaO by modified fusion method and CaCl2 by double decomposition process. Comparative analysis was conducted in FTIR spectra and transmittance peaks of CFAD, CaO-CFAD, and CaCl2-CFAD. The results showed transmittance peak of carboxylic acids and water functional molecules were different in CFAD compared to Ca-soap. There was no peak transmittance of O-H and H-O-H on CFAD. However, the presence peak on Ca-soap products showed water production of saponification reaction. As for carboxylic acid molecules, C=O decreased after the reaction to Ca-soap. The transmission value of C=O bond showed 47.10% and 89.34% in CFAD and CaO-CFAD respectively. However, there was no peak in CaCl2-CFAD. The no peak transmittance of carboxylic acids indicated higher Ca-soap conversion. In conclusion, the Ca-soap of CaCl2-CFAD was of higher quality than CaO-CFAD.
Retention and concentration of Reticulitermes speratus feeding-deterrent from fungus-decayed Japanese red pine extract
Authors: Kamaluddin Nadia Nuraniya , Nakagawa-Izumi Akiko , Matsuyama Shigeru , Ismayati Maya
Published: August 2024

Wood-feeding termites and wood-decaying fungi share a niche and likely interact, impacting wood degradation processes. Prior research has primarily examined termite the preferences for decayed wood species, revealing instances of termite feeding deterrence in response to fungal decay products. The compound that caused the deterrence effect was extracted and studies regarding the suspected compound and its toxicity has been previously conducted. In this study, further observation of the extract retention and concentrations were asessed against Reticulitermes speratus. Result indicated that the decayed wood extract retains its deterrent activity for up to four days post-application, with a peak effect observed within the initial hours. Furthermore, the concentration of the extract correlates with both feeding deterrence and termite mortality, suggesting a concentration-dependent relationship. Results show a significant decrease in feeding and increase in mortality with longer exposure durations, indicating sustained deterrent activity for up to four days. Higher extract volumes correlate with reduced feeding and increased mortality, supporting concentration-dependent deterrence. Highest mortality was observed after 24 hours of exposure, suggesting continued toxicity despite diminished deterrence.
The potential of indigenous microbes from beef cattle waste to convert organic materials into macronutrients in liquid organic fertilizer
Authors: Marlina Eulis Tanti , Hidayati Yuli Astuti , Badruzzaman Deden Zamzam
Published: August 2024

Implementing effective waste management practices involves using an aerobic fermentation system to produce liquid organic fertilizer. The study investigates the chemical and microbiological properties of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) made from beef cattle waste, which is extracted and filtered using rice straw as a carbon source for decomposer microbe growth. The research experimented with three C/N ratio treatments (P1= C/N 22.5, P2= C/N 25, and P3= C/N 27.5). The parameters tested include the dynamics of bacterial and mold populations in the initial decomposition process, macronutrients and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and phosphate-solving bacteria in the LOF. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's Test. The study found that a C/N ratio of 25 produced the highest average total bacteria on day 5 and the highest mold population on day 7 of initial decomposition. The macronutrient content of the LOF was N: 1.00 - 2.13%, P2O5: 0.46 - 0.53%, and K2O: 1.42 - 1.68%. The highest population of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was found at a C/N ratio of 27.5, while the population of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria did not differ in all treatments. The LOF meets Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 01/2019's quality requirements for liquid organic fertilizers, with a content of N+P+K >2%.
The evaluation of body weight and morphometric traits in local and crossbred sheep at birth age
Authors: Rinaldi Rizal , Novianti Irida , Nurgiartiningsih Veronica Margareta Ani
Published: August 2024

Selection and crossbreeding were implemented by the breeders to improve the livestock performance in Indonesia. The study was aimed to evaluate the progeny performance of crossbred and local sheep, specifically the fat-tailed sheep (FTS) and Garut sheep at birth age. The research method used was a case study in the field with observation variables at birth age such as body weight (BW), chest girth (CG), body length (BL), and body height (BH). The material in this study was 92 sheep aged at birth. The data was analysed using analyses of variance (ANOVA), applying R Studio software. The statistical analysis demonstrated that the breeds exhibited highly significant differences (P<0.01) in BW, BH, CG, and BL corrected for single birth, except the BL for twins birth. Additionally, there were significant differences (P<0.05) in CG for both single and twin birth. Fat-tailed sheep (FTS) exhibited superior performance in BW, BH, BL, and CG. Crossbred sheep also showed advantages in BW, BH, and CG. The best birth performance in this study was local sheep, specifically the FTS.
The effect of nursery media and growth regulatory substance on the success of eucalyptus cuttings at PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia
Authors: Firmansyah Muhammad Alam , Sagita Wulan Fitri , Wulandari Syarifah Raihan , Putra Fernanda Reza , Ridwan Muhammad , Suharto Faizzal Fadly , Raihan Muhammad , Insani Rahmania
Published: August 2024

Eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendra) is a fast-growing species with a good adaptation level and is widely grown, especially on marginal land. Eucalyptus seedling production is done through shoot cuttings. This study aims to determine the effect of nursery media and plant growth regulators (PGR) on the success of eucalyptus cuttings. The research was conducted for seven weeks using various nursery media and PGR. The research design used a completely randomized design and one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s test. Results showed that the percentage of live shoot cuttings was 77%. Shoot cuttings that sprouted showed a total rate of 65%, with a total percentage of roots reaching 34%. The ability of shoot cuttings to sprout and roots simultaneously showed a total percentage of 32%. The treatment of nursery media only really affects the percentage of life and sprouting, while the ability to take root and sprout does not have real effects. Applying PGR significantly influences the rate of life, the ability to sprout and roots, and the ability to root sprouts on the cuttings. The interaction of those factors influences the percentage of life and sprout cuttings.
Extraction of Bioactive Compounds in Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera Lam.) using Modified Sonication Technique
Authors: Azra Wafa Nida Faida , Susilo Bambang , Izza Ni’matul , Rohim Abd. , Samudra Rizki Putra
Published: August 2024

Moringa oleifera Lam. is well-known for its health benefits due to its rich antioxidants, anti-hypertensive, and anti-inflammatory properties. Extraction methods are crucial in unlocking the medicinal potential of Moringa leaves. While traditional maceration methods are common, they are inefficient, requiring significant time and solvent usage. This study explores sonication as an alternative extraction method, utilizing specific wave frequencies to disrupt cell walls and release bioactive compounds without compromising integrity. Sonication offers a faster, more efficient process with reduced solvent usage, enhancing overall effectiveness. Results showed that fresh moringa leaf extraction without grinding using the maceration method yieled 99 metabolic compounds. In contrast, powdered moringa leaf extraction using the maceration method produced 117 compounds and sonication extraction resulted in 143 metabolic compounds. Dominant bioactive compounds include trigonelline, acetophenone, kaempferol, etc. Sonication is recommended for identifying bioactive compounds in Moringa leaf extract.
Mandarin citrus (Citrus reticulata Blanco cv. Terigas) peel essential oil as a potential nanoemulsion ingredient: Formulation, physicochemical characterization, and antibacterial activity
Authors: Ikarini Imro’ah , Yuwono Sudarminto Setyo , Putri Widya Dwi Rukmi , Winarti Christina
Published: August 2024

Citrus peel essential oil can be a complementary component in food and cosmetics. Volatile molecules, such as limonin, can be useful as antibacterial agents. The hydrophobic nature of essential oils causes problems when used in commodities under normal storage conditions. Nanoemulsion technology is the most effective method to increase hydrophilicity and facilitate the application of substances to various products. This study aims to utilize Mandarin cv. Terigas citrus peel waste into essential oils using hydrodistillation with aquades solvent. The essential oil is then processed into a nanoemulsion to characterise its physicochemical and antimicrobial properties against Listeria monocytogenes bacteria. Essential oils are formulated as nanoemulsions with several concentrations (1.5%, 2%, 2.5%). The nanoemulsions obtained were then tested for their physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial activity. The results showed that the essential oil yield was 3.661%, and 40 volatile compounds were found from GC-MS analysis. Nanoemulsion at 2% essential oil concentration has a viscosity of 2,650 mPa.S, total dissolved solids of 4,877 brix, and activity to inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes of 7.6 mm. Research on the utilisation of this waste can help increase the added value of waste into products with high economic value.
Correlation between macronutrition and micronutrition intake in stunting children at Babakan Mandang Region
Authors: Kusumo Pratiwi Dyah , Surbakti Agina , Wiharianti Yosephine Vania
Published: August 2024

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition condition caused by a variety factors, including poor nutritional intake, poor parenting practices, restricted health services, insufficient family access to nutritious food, and a lack of access to clean water and sanitation. In December 2023, a crosssectional study of 23 stunted children (mean Z score SD, -2 to -5) aged 1 to 5 years was conducted to examine the relationship between macronutrient and micronutrient consumption. Two days food recall analized with nutrisurvey conducted to determine macronutrient characteristics (total energy, carbohydrate, protein, and lipid), as well as micronutrients, vitamins (A, D, E, K, B12, C), mineral (Fe, Zinc, Calcium), and folic acid. According to the Spearman rho correlation test, there is a substantial association (p < 0.01) between loss total energy and carbohydrate, lipid, vitamin D, vitamin C, ferrum, and calcium. Also, correlation at level (p < 0.05) with vitamin A, zinc, and folic acid. Conclusion of this correlation is that total energy shortage in stunted children was affected by dietary inadequacies, which considered to be related to bone growth in stunted children.
Assessing Permeate Water Quality in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Using Nanofiltration Membrane Technology and Various Pre-Treatment Configurations
Authors: Hasby Ahmad Rijani , Fadhlurrahman Fauzan , Nugrahardo Humaira Amirani , Assiddiqi Teuku Devan , Astuti Ariani Dwi , Kurniawan Allen
Published: August 2024

The nanofiltration (NF) membrane technology used in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) encounters fouling issues. Fouling can be mitigated by incorporating pre-treatment units such as multimedia filters (MMF) and activated carbon filters (CF). This research aims to optimize the RAS configuration using MMF, CF, and NF90-4040 membranes to identify the most effective treatment system for reducing organic contaminants in aquaculture water. The performance of RAS was monitored and evaluated by the decrease in membrane flux and the efficiency of each configuration in reducing concentrations of ammonia, nitrite, and total suspended solids (TSS). The combination of MMF, CF, and NF (V1) demonstrated the highest overall efficiency, reducing ammonia concentration by 97.5% and nitrite by 100%. The MMF unit in V1 reduced ammonia and nitrite levels by 36.25% and 35.48%, respectively, while the CF unit further reduced ammonia and nitrite levels by 86.27% and 10%, respectively. The NF unit reduced ammonia by 71.43% and nitrite by 100%. Moreover, V1 exhibited a smaller decrease in flux value compared to the combination of MMF and NF (V2) and CF and NF (V3). The optimized RAS reactor in V1 achieved a 100% reduction in nitrate and TSS, highlighting its superior performance in treating aquaculture water effectively.
Analysis of Rainwater and Runoff Water Quality on Vegetated and Unvegetated Green Roof
Authors: Jati Advent Cahyo , Luthfi Abdillah , Mahendra Idham Ilyas Budhi , Puwanto Yohanes Aris , Kurniawan Allen , Chadirin Yudi
Published: August 2024

Green roof is a green technology innovation in the form of a roof planted with vegetation on a substrate that is an effective solution to replace the role of green open space (GOS) lost due to construction and development. As the main component of green roof, vegetation can significantly affect the quantity and quality of runoff water. This research aims to analyze the quality of rainwater and green roof runoff water on green roofs planted with Portulaca grandiflora (PG) and unvegetated green roof (UV) as a control. Runoff samples were analysed to determine the value of water quality parameters used, especially temperature, TDS, pH, BOD, COD, DO nitrite, ammonia. Water quality status is determine by applying the STORET (Storage and Retrieval) Method. Based on the quality standards of "Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No 22 Tahun 2021", the STORET value in rainwater is categorized as moderately contaminated with a value of -20. While the STORET value in green roof runoff water planted with Portulaca grandiflora and unvegetated green roof, both are categorized as lightly contaminated with a value of -8 and -10 respectively. While based on the quality standards of "Peraturan Menteri kesehatan No 22 tahun 2023", the STORET value in rainwater is categorized as lightly contaminated with a value of -8. While the STORET value in green roof runoff water planted with Portulaca grandiflora and green roofs that are not planted, both are categorized as meet the quality standards.
Strengthening applied rural innovation in rural-urban linkages
Authors: Tanjung Dahri , Kriswantriyono Agit , Purnamadewi Yeti Lis , Suhardjito Didik , Wulandari Yulia Puspadewi
Published: August 2024

Efforts to reduce the rural-urban gap are expected to be able to erode the poverty gap, grow job opportunities, and increase rural economic growth. This research aims to analyze strategies for strengthening rural innovation and reducing the rural-urban development gap. This research itself was conducted in 2022-2023 in 4 provinces: West Java, Central Java, Yogyakarta, and Jakarta. The analytical methods used are the Location Quotient, Sustainable Livelihood Approach (SLA), and Quintuple Helix Innovation (QHI). Based on the LQ analysis, the study villages are centers of superior agricultural commodities. Agribusiness activities are related to the socio-economic areas of the surrounding cities, such as upstream (production facilities) to downstream (marketing) activities. The results of the SLA analysis show several innovations supporting the development of superior commodities, starting from the cultivation subsystem to digital-based marketing infrastructure. Furthermore, QHI's analysis shows that these more developed villages are supported by the synergistic strength of the five pillars driving innovation, where village government figures and reformers have an important role and are key to accelerating the village economy. Strengthening cooperation on these five pillars also strengthens applied rural innovation so that accelerating rural economy and rural-urban economic linkages are sustainable.
Experience in developing a multicomponent reservoir with a thin oil rim
Authors: Nazarov Ulugbek , Shevtsov Vladimr , Igamberdieva Lobar
Published: August 2024

This article examines the effectiveness of the implemented development systems at the South Kemachi oil and gas condensate field. As a result of the analysis and assessment of the effectiveness of the implemented development systems in the field, it was revealed that the joint development system of the deposit as a single development object leads to the loss of part of the reserves in the total share of the deposit's reserves and the reduction in recovery factors occurs in inverse proportion to the reserves of the combined horizons. In addition, it has been established that large amounts of material resources are spent on the discovery and development of hydrocarbon deposits. Therefore, the complete extraction of gas, oil, condensate and other components from the reservoir is important. Consequently, when designing various development systems and justifying the optimal option, due attention must be paid to the predicted gas and component recovery coefficients. Based on the results of many years of operation of the oil and gas condensate fields of South Kemachi, Kukdumalak, Ilim, Kruk, Zheynov, Umid and others, with the achievement of relatively high gas and oil recovery values, they demonstrate the effectiveness of the design and joint development of their oil rims and gas condensate parts.
Finite element analysis of double pipe heat exchanger using nanofluids
Authors: Balaji Viswanadhapalli , Padala Sridhar , Josh Sanjeev Kumar , Muhsen Muntadar , Singh Satyendra , Isroilova Baxtjon , Israilova Dildora
Published: August 2024

Heat exchangers are now a necessary part of practically all contemporary industries. Heat exchangers have become especially important in an era of scarce resources and fierce market rivalry. In order to study a counterflow heat exchanger's thermal performance, this work modifies the compositions of the coolant and nanofluid that contain iron particles. To evaluate the efficacy of heat exchangers, analysis findings including heat transfer rates, total heat transfer coefficients, and heat exchanger effectiveness have been computed. This project's goal is to ascertain whether using nanofluids enhances heat exchanger performance.
Investigation the formation of a spark discharge from a layer of deposited dust on a grounded electrode and dependence of air purification degree on the potential electrode voltage
Authors: Muzafarov Shavkat , Balitsky Vladlen , Babayev Aziz , Кilichov Оrifjon , Toshpulatov Nusratillo , Tabaev Azamat , Sattorov Orifjon
Published: August 2024

This article presents the methodology and results of experimental studies of the formation of a spark discharge from a layer of deposited dust on a grounded electrode and the dependence of the degree of air purification on the voltage at the potential electrode. Based on the research results, the limiting density of the deposited dust and the need to clean the precipitation electrode from the deposited dust layer, as well as the use of spark protection circuits, were determined. It was also revealed that the level of fluctuation of the mains voltage practically does not affect the degree of purification of the air stream from dust.
Influence of temperature and humidity of the air on discharge processes in electric filters
Authors: Muzafarov Shavkat , Balitsky Vladlen , Babayev Aziz , Kilichov Orifjon , Ruzikulov Zafar , Tashkhodzheva Gulnoza , Rakhmataliev Muzaffar
Published: August 2024

The article presents the results of an analysis of data sources of information on the use of electric fields in the processes of air purification from small dust particles (aerosols), and it is found that when developing existing devices for air purification from aerosol particles, the influence of the parameters of the purified air on the operation of electric precipitators was not taken into account. There is also no unified methodology for determining the parameters of electric precipitators, which is confirmed by the significant difference in the geometric and energy parameters of the developed electrostatic precipitators. The advantage of using a streamer form of corona discharge in electric gas cleaning processes is described. A methodology for conducting experimental studies to determine the influence of pressure, temperature and humidity is presented. Purified air on discharge processes in discharge gaps when powered by constant voltage and unipolar high voltage pulses with a duty cycle of more than 5. The results of experimental studies are presented.
Differential entropy and thermokinetics of ammonia molecule adsorption on CaA zeolite (M-22)
Authors: Kokhkharov Mirzohid , Rakhmatkarieva Firuza , Bakhronov Khayot , Rakhmatullaeva Makhirakhon , Absalyamova Ilmira , Karimov Yusuf
Published: August 2024

In This paper presents the results of differential entropy and adsorption equilibrium establishment time as a function of the magnitude of ammonia adsorption in zeolite CaA (M-22) at a constant temperature of 303 K. To measure the thermokinetics of adsorption, a system consisting of a universal high-vacuum adsorption apparatus coupled to a Tian-Calvet type differential microcalorimeter, DAC-1-1A, was used. A correlation between adsorption-energy and thermokinetic characteristics was found, and the molecular mechanism of ammonia adsorption in CaA (M-22) zeolites in the whole filling region was also revealed. A stepwise change in the differential entropy and thermokinetics of adsorption depending on the amount of sodium and calcium cations in the zeolite was found. Ammonia molecules initially form tetrameric ion-molecular complexes 4NH3:Na+ in the first coordination sphere with sodium cations and dimeric ion- molecular complexes 2NH3:Ca2+ with calcium cations. The average molar integral entropy of ammonia adsorption on zeolite CaA (M-22) was found to be -71 J/mol- K and indicates that in the zeolite the mobility of ammonia molecules is lower than the liquid phase and close to the solid phase mobility, leading to a strong inhibition of the mobility of adsorption on ammonia cations.