bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surveying Genetic Markers of Antibiotic Resistance and Genomic Background in Chlamydia trachomatis: Insights from a Multiplex NGS-Based Approach in Clinical Strains from Portugal
Authors: Lodhia Zohra , Silva Jorge Costa da , Correia Cristina , Cordeiro Dora , João Inês , Carreira Teresa , Schäfer Sandra , Aliyeva Elzara , Portugal Clara , Monge Isabel , Goncalves Elsa , Matos Susana , Dias Ana Paula , Côrte-Real Rita , Carpinteiro Dina , Duarte Sílvia , Vieira Luís , Gomes João Paulo , Borges Vítor , Borrego Maria José
Published: December 2024

Objectives: To survey genetic markers of potential antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to macrolides and fluoroquinolones among C. trachomatis-positive samples from the collection of the Portuguese National Reference Laboratory for STI and explore the application of a multiplex PCR approach coupled with Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) to provide complementary information regarding strain’s genomic backbone.
Methods: 502 C. trachomatis-positive samples were subjected to PCR and sequencing of five targets, including loci potentially driving AMR (23S rRNA, gyrAand parC) and loci potentially informative about strain’s genomic backbone with emphasis on LGV/non-LGV and L2/L2b differentiation (an 9bp insertion in pmpH, a 74bp insertion upstream from CT105 and the polymorphic CT442).
Results: No samples evidencing 23S rRNA mutations recognisably linked to macrolide resistant were found. Three samples harboured the Ser83Ile mutation in GyrA putatively driving fluoroquinolone resistance: two recombinant L2-L2b/D-Da (0.4%) and one L2 (0.2%). The screened regions inpmpH, upstream CT105, and CT442, were fully concordant with LGV/non-LGV differentiation. As expected, the pmpH L2b-specific genetic trait locus was detected in all L2b and recombinant L2-L2b/D-Da ompA-genotypes, but also in 96.0% of L2 specimens, which also likely possess an L2b genomic backbone. The insertion upstream CT105 exhibited full LGV-specificity, constituting a promising target for the development of rapid LGV diagnostic assays.
Conclusions: This study contributes to enhance the knowledge on C. trachomatis molecular epidemiology, suggesting that the known genetic determinants of AMR are not disseminated in clinical C. trachomatisstrains, and presents an exploratory approach that can be suitable for LGV/non-LGV and L2/L2b genomic background differentiation.
Zero-Knowledge Cross-User De-Duplication for Big Data Storage on Cloud
Authors: Karthika R N , Valliyammai C , Sundaravadivel P , Isaac R.Augustian
Published: December 2024

The rise of cloud computing and the prodigious volume of data in cloud storage has been a forerunner and expediter to the emergence of big data. Cloud computing has become the platform for centralized pools of resources such as applications, networks and storage services. As there is an enormous increase in data, it leads to duplicate/redundant copies of information on cloud servers. To eliminate that redundant information, data de-duplication has become the mainstream technology in cloud storage. In the view of removing redundant data, secure cross user source-based de-duplication and integrity auditing delegation technique have been perlustrated. In this paper, a pooled technique is proposed to perform both Zero-Knowledge and public integrity auditing of data in big data storage. De-duplication, along with data integrity, frees up the space in the cloud server and ensures the security of the stored data. The originality of the proposed methodology covers three folds. Firstly, an enhanced cuckoo hashing algorithm is used to identify duplicate chunks, which improves the overall performance as the time required to find is significantly less compared to traditional hashing algorithms. Secondly, after hashing, the de-duped data hash index is transmitted and checked for de-duplication in Cloud Service Provider (CSP). The missing hash values of the corresponding data chunk alone will be sent to the CSP. If there is any data loss during this transmission, it can be recovered through Reed-Solomon (RS) mechanism. Thirdly, the proposed key exchange algorithm inherits the security enhancement of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Several experiments are conducted on the proposed technique with state-of-art under various use cases and user scenarios. The proposed framework uses less computation power and frees up storage space up to 86.77 % which is higher than other state-of-the-art deduplication algorithms. The upload and download response time for file encoding is stable even when the file size is more prodigious. Subsequently, the proposed zero-knowledge cross-user data de-dupe mechanism is stable despite the variation in file size.
Toll-like receptor4 and 8 are overexpressed in lung biopsies of human non-small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Ceccarelli Silvia , Marzolesi Viola Pasqua , Vannucci Jacopo , Bellezza Guido , Floridi Claudia , Nocentini Giuseppe , Cari Luigi , Traina Giovanna , Petri Davide , Puma Francesco , Conte Carmela
Published: December 2024

Purpose Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide which includes two main types of carcinoma distinguished in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involving epithelial cells, and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) affecting neuronal cells and hormone secreting cells. Studies have shown a causal link between inflammation/innate immunity and onset of NSCLC. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), in particular TLR4 and TLR8 in patients with NSCLC.Methods Patients surgically treated for NSCLC with anatomical resections and patients with benign disease were enrolled. The expression levels of TLR4 and TLR8 were determined by real time PCR and by immunohistochemical analysis in PBMC and in lung tissues, respectively. A preliminary in silico analysis included 1194 arrays from healthy and cancer tissues extracted by Genevestigator database. The association between TLRs gene expression and survival outcome was also investigated.Results Bioinformatics analysis showed a downregulation of TLR4 and TLR8 which positively impacts the survival in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). However, no significant differences between case and control groups were observed for gene expression of TLR4 and TLR8 in PBMC. A positive correlation was found in their expression levels. Interestingly, immunohistochemical analysis showed that the levels of TLR4 and TLR8 were higher in the lung tissues of patients with NSCLC than in the control group either as staining intensity and as positive cells.Conclusions Albeit the precise role of TLRs is not fully defined, this study identified the expression of TLR4 and TLR8 in the pathogenesis of NSCLC. Our data support a possible role for TLR4 and TLR8 in increase overall survival and may serve as a potential biomarker with a diagnostic and prognostic value in NSCLC.
Kritik der Ästhetik und Ästhetik der Kritik
Authors: Spengler Andreas
Published: December 2024

Der Beitrag diskutiert die Rolle von Kritik und Ästhetik in der Erziehungswissenschaft und Medienpädagogik. Darüber hinaus wird ein Modus von Kritik als «Konstellative Bildungstheorie» entwickelt und vorgestellt, der darauf zielt, zwischen Urteils- und Einbildungskraft zu vermitteln und diese zu fördern, was ebenfalls als zentrale Aufgabe einer (Medien)Pädagogik begründet wird.
КОЛИИВЩИНА В ИСТОРИЧЕСКОЙ ПАМЯТИ
Authors: Таирова Т.Г.
Published: December 2024

В статье поднимаются вопросы исторической памяти и определяются места памяти еврейского, польского и украинского народов, связанные с событиями Колиивщины – гайдамацкого восстания на Правобережной Украине в 1768 г. Рассматривается, какое отражение получили эти события в произведениях литературы, молитвах, преданиях, исторических думах и песнях. Автор делает вывод о различиях между тремя народами не только в восприятии событий, но и в местах памяти, а также основных действующих лицах. Многие предания имеют историческую ценность, так как подтверждаются источниками.

The article raises questions of the historical memory and the places of memory of the Jewish, Polish and Ukrainian people, associated with the events of Koliivshchyna – the Hajdamak uprising at the Right-Bank Ukraine in 1768. The author examines the reflections of these events in literature, prayers, stories, historical songs. It is concluded that the three peoples had not only different perception of the events, but also different places of memory and different heroes. Despite the fantastic nature of many legends, some of them have the historical value being confirmed by documents.
Genetic Analysis of Flowering Time in Pansies Using Mixed Major Gene Plus Polygene Inheritance Model
Authors: Liu Jiayi , Ji Xiaolong , Ye Xinyu , Zhu Xiaopei , Mu Jinyan , Du Xiaohua , Liu Huichao
Published: December 2024

The flowering time of pansy cultivars determines their ornamental application period and the profits of seedling growers. Revealing its genetic basis will be useful for breeding pansy cultivars with desired flowering times. In this study, three inbred pansy lines, DSRFY (D), XXL-YB (X), and EYO (E), with various blooming times were used to generate 12 genetic populations with two hybrid combinations (D × E and X × E). A mixed hereditary model of major and polygenic genes was used to uncover the genetic control of flowering time in pansies. The findings suggested that the flowering times of pansies are characterized by complex traits with continuous variations and normal distributions in the population and are controlled by multiple genes. The genetic basis of flowering time differed between the two hybrid combinations. The trait was governed by minor polygenes with additive-dominant-epistatic effects for D × E crossing combinations hybridized from two parents with a 10-day difference in flowering time, resulting in low heritability. The trait was regulated by two major genes and polygenes exerting additive-dominant-epistatic effects in the X × E hybridization from two parents with a 4-day difference in character, leading to high heritability. Our findings elucidate the genetic basis of pansy flowering time and provide a promising approach to detecting major genes or quantitative trait loci.
Boron coordination in omphacite and glaucophane derived from inter-mineral B isotope fractionation in natural rocks
Authors: Xu Jie Dodo , Marschall Horst R. , Gerdes Axel , Meixner Anette , Kasemann Simone A. , Woodland Alan B.
Published: December 2024

Boron coordination in omphacite and glaucophane was determined by indirect means through the B isotope fractionation among coexisting minerals. Samples from tourmaline-bearing reaction zones in the high-pressure metamorphic mélange on the island of Syros were investigated. These metasomatic zones formed at approximately 0.7 GPa, 415 ±15 °C. Equilibrium B isotope fractionations among paragenetic dravite, phengite, omphacite, and glaucophane were determined by in-situ B isotope analyses using laser-ablation multi-collector ICPMS. The proportions of trigonally and tetrahedrally coordinated B in omphacite and glaucophane were estimated by comparing their boron isotope fractionation relative to dravite (94.6% [3]B and 5.4% [4]B) and phengite (100% [4]B).

The B isotope fractionation of omphacite and phengite against dravite are −12.0 ±1.2 ‰ and −13.4 ±2.2 ‰, respectively, where δ11B values of omphacite are 1.9 ±1.6 ‰ higher than in coexisting phengite. No significant isotopic difference was observed between glaucophane and phengite. Consequently, we concluded that in clinopyroxene (omphacite), 88 ±9 % of boron is incorporated in tetrahedral coordination, for example via the B(F,OH)Si-1O-1 substitution, with the remaining 12 ±9 % entering by replacement of SiO4 tetrahedra with BO3 triangles. In contrast, B in glaucophane is exclusively incorporated in the tetrahedrally coordinated sites. The boron coordination in high-pressure minerals that host boron in subducting rocks (clinopyroxene, amphibole, mica) is relevant for modelling B isotope fractionation during slab dehydration in subduction zones.
Financial literacy, technological progress, financial attitudes and investment decisions of Gen Z Indonesian investors
Authors: Putri Susanto Kiandra , Candra Mandagie Wenny , Endri Endri , Wiwaha Arjuna
Published: December 2024

Rapid technological advances have made financial markets more accessible and encouraged individual investors to engage in investment decision-making actively. Generation Z, or Gen Z, characterized by higher levels of digital literacy, a high sense of curiosity, and acceptance of innovation, tends to make investment decisions quickly. This study aimed to analyze the effect of technological progress, financial literacy, and financial attitudes on investors’ investment decisions. There are 125 Gen Z investors in Jakarta, Indonesia, selected as research samples using the non-probability sampling method. The survey method was employed to collect data, and the study instrument was a questionnaire. For data analysis, Partial Least Squares version 4.0 was used. The study’s findings revealed that financial literacy and financial attitude positively influence Gen Z investment decisions. Technological progress does not affect Gen Z in determining investment in the financial market. Financial literacy and financial attitude are more dominant for Gen Z investors than technological progress in determining investment allocation. This finding implies that Gen Z must improve their understanding of correct financial literacy and financial attitudes that align with individual investors’ character. Further investigation needs to reveal the insignificance of technological progress in determining investment decisions. Technological progress and financial literacy likely have the same factor characteristics related to three dimensions: knowledge, skills, and attitudes. The attitude of Gen Z investors towards the progress of financial technology by investors is preceded by good financial literacy. Therefore, it is necessary to test the relationship between variables, both mediation and moderation, in investment decisions.
Interrelations between transparency of local authorities and corruption: Evidence from municipal surveys in Ukrainian regional cities
Authors: Artyukhov Artem , Yehorova Yuliia , Lyeonov Serhiy , Tykhonchuk Lesia , Vasylyshen Yuriy , Drozd Serhii , Reshetniak Yaroslаv
Published: December 2024

Considering Ukraine’s corruption scandals at all levels of public governance, combating corruption and enhancing transparency have become a pivotal factor in maintaining the trust of Ukrainian citizens and foreign partners in central and local authorities. It is also an essential prerequisite for Ukraine’s prospective membership in the EU and the allocation of financial assistance from external donors. The study aims to examine how transparency in local governance influences the level of corruption in regional cities of Ukraine. The paper examines how transparency in local authorities relates to different types of corruption, including bribery within municipal services, healthcare, and other public sectors. Utilizing panel data from 24 Ukrainian cities collected between 2017 and 2020 (all-Ukrainian sociological municipal survey and project ‘Transparent, Financially Sound and Competitive Local Governments in Ukraine’), the study employs both random and fixed-effects panel regression analyses to assess the impact of various governance indicators on corruption levels across different sectors, including municipal services, healthcare, and education. The findings suggest that higher transparency of the local authorities is generally associated with lower levels of bribery in the housing and communal services sector (estimation coefficient = –0.204226), in registration and licensing institutions (–0.5353756), in healthcare institutions (–0.2032171), and experience of bribing local authorities (–0.2505674). The analysis concludes that enhancing transparency may significantly reduce corrupt practices within local government operations, thereby strengthening public trust and bringing Ukraine closer to meeting European Union standards.
AcknowledgmentSerhiy Lyeonov, Serhii Drozd, and Yaroslаv Reshetniak thank the project 0123U101945 “National security of Ukraine through prevention of financial fraud and money laundering: war and post-war challenges” for carrying out their part of this research. This study was funded by the European Union grant “NextGenerationEU through the Recovery and Resilience Plan for Slovakia” (No. 09I03-03-V01-00130) and project VEGA – 1/0392/23 “Changes in the approach to the creation of companies’ distribution management concepts influenced by the effects of social and economic crises caused by the global pandemic and increased security risks.”
«BLACK RHETORIC» IN A LOGICAL CONTEXT
Authors: Nevelska-Hordieieva Olena , Sobieshchanska Yelyzaveta
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of «black rhetoric», which is considered as the application of a complex of rhetorical, dialectical, polemical and rabble-rousing techniques that allow you to direct the conversation in the desired direction. The prevention of the use of «black rhetoric» is logical consistency and logical correctness, which are achieved by the spread of logical knowledge.
ESTABLISHMENT OF POLITICAL SCIENCE IN THE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT
Authors: Polishchuk Ihor
Published: December 2024

The article examines important aspects of the formation of world political science, its innovative and creative potential. The most influential concepts and ideas in world political science are analyzed, which decisively influenced the formation of modern political reality among civilized countries that profess the principles of international law and democratic governance.
Language Policy in Post-Soviet Latvia
Authors: Lyu Chao , Sun Chao
Published: December 2024

Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Republic of Latvia has been altering its language policy towards the Russian language as a language of national minority. The article describes the evolution of language-related laws, as well as the social and role of the Russian language in Latvia. The authors combined various methods of linguistics, history, and politics to establish the importance of the Russian language in Latvian education and socio-cultural life. The current language policy focuses on consolidation, self-identity, and historical memory of the Latvian population. The resulting social tension requires more diversity and inclusivity to maintain the balance between the languages and preserve the cultural heritage. Stronger language rights for ethnic minorities could improve the social development and unity of Latvia. Latvia’s experience is important for China as a multinational country as it strives to find a balance between promoting the state language and protecting the languages of national minorities. The study of Latvia’s modern language policy and its historical roots contributes to the mutual cooperation between Latvia and China in economics, education, and culture. A good understanding of the national language is a key factor for business communications and cultural exchange.
Imaginary Political Reality: Constructing the National Image
Authors: Scherbinina Nina , Avanesova Elena
Published: December 2024

The ontology of contemporary political reality is subjective, because it is an artificial national world that provides a vivid semantic reality in order to resist the deconstruction of political semantics. A nation is an imaginary construct that can be analyzed at two levels. Theoretical research covers some general characteristics of imaginary worlds and identifies them. Empirical level provides the symbolic practice of constructing imaginary political realities. The authors studied the example of Arab-Israeli antithetical representations to define the concept of imaginary political world, as well as to identify the semantic practices of constituting the national image. The study relied on the political-constructivist approach to reconstruct the nation as a narrative in order to identify the semantic structure of the imaginary world based on myths and heroic symbols applied as facts aka. constructs to a particular political reality. The authors came up with an idea of a modern nation reassembled as a new structure and an imaginary political reality renovated symbolically and axiologically as a result of a protracted legitimacy crisis. The new images of nations get incorporated in the communicative sphere of mediatized politics to become a new political reality.
Regional Anti-Corruption Policy: Modern Management Practices
Authors: Bannyh Galina , Palivoda Ilya
Published: December 2024

The current transformation of Russia’s state administration reveals the need to update the instruments and mechanisms for implementing state policy in the regions. Anti-corruption policy has been developing since 2008, but corruption still lacks a clear definition and remains a crisis phenomenon for modern society. The article describes the current management practices of regional anti-corruption policy in the Russian Federation. Anti-corruption measures are part of federal goals and directions determined by the President of the Russian Federation; however, they require an individual approach based on the socio-economic, political, and cultural characteristics of each region. The process needs a coherent system for monitoring, control, and analysis to measure the effectiveness of the measures taken. Such a system could fuel the fight against corruption, as well as make its management transparent and accountable. The research included the methods of document, statistic, formal legal, and comparative data analysis. The authors developed their own methodology for studying management practices of anti-corruption policy implementation. Its most important areas included coordinating the efforts between federal and regional authorities and a more active interaction with civil society institutions. The main management practices involved coordinated structures for policy implementation, a closer interaction between territorial federal and regional bodies, a wider range of civil society institutions, more innovative technologies, etc. Some regions demonstrated unique practices in variability, responsibilities, anti-corruption measures, control of the authorities and employees, etc.
Assessing Financial Management Centralization in Multicorporate Enterprises (Groups of Companies): Methodological Potential of Traditional Financial Performance Indicators
Authors: Vasikov Ramil' , Yudina Svetlana
Published: December 2024

In conditions of volatile cash flow caused by external factors, multicorporate enterprises need to look for new methods of optimal financial distribution. This is especially important for multi-industry organizational entities that want to ensure their solvency and liquidity. Centralized financial management eases the complex distribution of management objects, i.e., subsidiaries and dependent companies. The article describes the process of financial management centralization in large Russian conglomerates. The research objective was to develop a methodology for efficiency assessment based on open data and official financial statements of three groups of companies in the domestic fuel and energy sector. An attempt was made to assess the manageability of liquidity, stability, and profitability. Most manageability indicators were distributed unevenly among the enterprises within the conglomerates, more than a third of them sliding below the standard. However, the groups proved quite successful in managing receivables and payables, which indicates good prospects for further search for methodological solutions in centralization efficiency assessment for multicorporate enterprises.
Digital Development of Economic Systems in BRICS Countries
Authors: Ponomarev Sergey , Usanov Alexander , Pokamestov Il'ya , Kuz'menko Natal'ya
Published: December 2024

As the global political landscape keeps changing, digital development becomes even more important for the BRICS integration. The article describes the benefits of digitalizing the economic systems of the BRICS countries, as well as outlines the opportunities of strengthening their digital potential. The authors analyzed the current dynamics of the digital development in the BRICS countries and assessed the ability of digital technologies to compensate for the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the BRICS economy. They used a set of standard research methods combined with economic, statistical, and graphic analyses to identify the main integrative directions between the countries that may improve their digital potential. The pandemic widened the gap between Internet use in urban and rural areas but diversified it as e-commerce continued to grow and more and more public services went digital. China and India increased their exports of information and communication goods and services. The article contains some ideas on strengthening the intra-integration cooperation between the BRICS countries in order to expand their digital potential. The indicators of digital development in all BRICS countries increased after the pandemic, and the integration proved effective as a new center of influence in the global economy.
Russian Practice of Marketing Management by Value Proposition
Authors: Suvorova Tat'yana
Published: December 2024

As a method of marketing management, value proposition means that the business strategy relies on a promise of value. It is a value offer that represents the product or service as unique, thus increasing the customer loyalty. This approach is regarded as efficient both by marketeers and entrepreneurs because a well-designed value proposition is usually profitable for the company. The author developed an up-to-date definition for value proposition and analyzed specific cases of successful value propositions as a marketing strategy. Standard research methods made it possible to describe the stages of managing the company’s value proposition management, define the existing model of value proposition tools, and identify the goals of value proposition. The illustrative part of the research involved a comprehensive analysis of Russian value proposition practice, i.e., presentation methods, promotion tools, stages, and customer orientation. Value proposition creates a lasting connection between the brand and the consumer, ensuring loyalty and repeat sales as companies employ multiple marketing channels to ensure optimal conversion metrics and deliver the product’s value proposition to the customer.
Cooperating with Higher Education Institutions as Part of Innovative Strategizing of Science-Based Companies
Authors: Galayko Vladimir , Yurkovskaya Galina , Harebin Artem
Published: December 2024

Science-based enterprises may cooperate with universities to increase their competitive advantage in the radio-electronic industry. The article describes advantages and disadvantages of this strategy on the market of civil products with patent protection for high-tech radio-electronic enterprises. The academic cooperation may offer a solution to the problem of increasing the percentage of high-tech civilian products in the total volume of a high-tech enterprise. The authors interpreted numerous definitions of the concept of strategy of innovative development to develop one of their own. The new strategy of cooperation between high-tech enterprises and universities presupposes creating an innovative ecosystem at university departments. The resulting definition of the concept of the innovative ecosystem of a university department was compared with those available. By obtaining a new line of civilian products with competitive advantages, science-based enterprises are sure to benefit from the cooperation with universities in the fieldof radio-electronic production.
Psychophysiological, Cognitive, and Regulatory Processes in University and College Students
Authors: Churikov Il'ya
Published: December 2024

This article describes psychophysiological, cognitive, and regulatory processes demonstrated by students of higher and vocational education in modern academic environment, as well as the factors affecting their academic performance. The research included 42 students that majored in Informatics at Kemerovo State University and 90 students of similar specializations from Siberian Polytechnic Technical College. The empirical part relied on R. Amthauer’s Intelligence Structure Test, motivational questionnaires, emotional state tests, and psychophysiological tremormetric and visual motor tests. Cognitive and regulatory processes proved to correlate with psychophysiological indicators. The university students showed a stronger correlation between mathematical skills and academic achievements. Being more practically oriented, the college students demonstrated better stress resistance and hand-to-eye coordination. The university students were guided mostly by intrinsic motives related to personal development while the college students concentrated on financial rewards and career growth. In both groups, cognitive abilities went down under stress. Individualized approach in training and the need to develop self-control can enhance the intellectual productivity and maintain psychological health in students.
Association Experiment and Its Role in Cognitive Studies
Authors: Fedorceva Irina , Tubalova Inna
Published: December 2024

The method of association experiment makes it possible to study human cognition and consciousness. The article reviews the particularities of the association experiment and its significance for cognitive sciences. It analyses the methods and principles of association experiment as a method of studying the bonds between psychical processes, cognitive functions, and speech. The author combined standard research methods with those of psycholinguistics to describe various types of association experiments. Association experiments yield important empirical results for the analysis and interpretation of human cognitive structures, thus boosting the development of cognitive sciences. Being interdisciplinary in nature, they provide data about the psychological, cultural, and linguistic personality, i.e., speech and mental operations. Association experiments can be of four types: free, chain, directed, and with continuous reaction. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. As auditory or visual, they can be written-to-written, oral-to-oral, written-to-oral, and oral-to-written. The stimulus can be verbal, nonverbal, or heterosemiotic.
Facilitating Academic Activity at Teachers’ Training College: Methods and Forms
Authors: Gubanova Margarita , Prihod'ko Elena
Published: December 2024

Teachers’ training colleges prepare future school teachers for professional activities in the context of the current modernization of the education system. The article describes the results of an experiment in raising the efficiency of academic activities in college students of pedagogy using modern education technologies. By activating their academic activities, future teachers facilitate the acquisition of theoretical material, as well as develop various practical skills. The project involved interactive, reverse, problem-based, and project-based learning technologies. The article illustrates successful cases of applying reverse learning technology and active forms of constructive interaction at a teachers’ training college. It offers optimal organizational and pedagogical conditions that allow students to master vital professional and personal competencies. The key methods included project-based learning, business games, and problem-based learning; forms of in-class activities involved lecture feedback discussions, seminars, workshops, and tutorials. These methods and forms develop creative and critical thinking, as well as provide experience of independent work. Interactive methods and digital technologies guarantee a visual and comprehensible academic process. The project resulted in a systematic approach to the organization of academic activities, in which students control their own learning process while acquiring analytical, communicative, and professional competencies. The authors believe that modern teachers’ training colleges should provide a wider range of methods and forms of organizing academic activities.
Discussion on Prospects for E-Justice
Authors: Gavrilov Evgeniy
Published: December 2024

Digital technologies are important in modern society. However, the prospects of e-justice still seem quite controversial. Electronic justice has already entered scientific circulation and is gradually receiving legal formalization. E-justice in practice should be considered as an international project for global digital transformation of politics and law. Following this global trend, Russia has been introducing digital services and legislative changes. Currently, e-justice causes discussions regarding certain aspects of its implementation in court. Doubts are expressed that digital justice will ensure accessibility, not to mention compliance with international and constitutional human and civil rights and judicial proceedings. Unassisted participation of artificial intelligence at all trial stages, including sentencing, is the most controversial issue, including the possibility of making a final decision. E-justice has a risk of replacing a human judge with an electronic one in an electronic simulation of justice, which might destroy the traditional concept of justice as such. Further digital transformation of justice may affect the very foundations of law.
Russian National Legal System: Comparative Analysis of Soviet and Post-Soviet Stages
Authors: Amirov Kamran
Published: December 2024

The author used the methods of comparative jurisprudence to compare the formation and functioning of the Russian state and law as parts of the Soviet and post-Soviet national legal systems. Certain conditions influenced the formation and development of the modern legal system. The trends and patterns of the Soviet legal system affected the post-Soviet one. As a result, they share some features while being profoundly different. The comparative legal method and theoretical analysis were in line with civilizational and systemic approaches, which allowed the author to develop a position in relation to the problems of post-Soviet law through the prism of civil society and strong legal institutions. The article focuses on the current development of the Russian state and law. A comprehensive analysis of historical and political science sources yielded an objective and holistic picture of the phenomena and events in question. Despite its diversity, the national legal system of the Soviet and post-Soviet periods demonstrated both common and special features.
Socio-Legal Conditions of Expanding Criminal Law against Illegal Alcohol Trafficking
Authors: Sorokina Ol'ga
Published: December 2024

The legal regulation of alcohol turnover has a tendency for expansion. This research featured the recent tightening in regulatory and criminal legislation against illegal turnover of alcoholic beverages, which led to a significant decrease in alcohol consumption per capita. The author studied the dynamics of crimes in the field of illegal alcohol trafficking and assessed the efficiency of law enforcement agencies as part of state policy to reduce alcohol abuse and prevent social alcoholism, which was in effect until 2019. The article gives a forecast of the Program for Reducing Alcohol Consumption in Russia through 2030. The author believes that measures against alcohol trafficking should be strengthened further despite the current preventive state policy of healthy lifestyle and shaping negative public attitude to alcohol consumption. Criminal legislation aimed at countering illegal alcohol trafficking remains diverse and chaotic. The research resulted in a classification of crimes in this area.
Excess bio-sludge and contamination load minimisation: A comparative study on conventional activated sludge (CAS) and integrated treatment of CAS–AnMBR for environmental optimisation
Authors: Hegazy Mohamed H. , Rizk Ola , Hassan Aya , Ghoneim Sherif S. M. , Zerouali Bilel , Ali Enas , Bailek Nadjem , Tariq Aqil , Wong Yong Jie
Published: December 2024

Slaughterhouse wastewater (SWW) contains high levels of biodegradable organic compounds, posing significant environmental hazards. The wastewater often exceeds regulatory discharge limits for contaminants, exacerbating eutrophication. Thus, biological treatment methods like activated sludge and anaerobic digestion remain preferable over physical or chemical processes for handling this wastewater. This study evaluated an integrated conventional activated sludge (CAS) and anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) system for SWW to achieve high treatment efficiency while minimising excess sludge production. The wastewater was initially treated by a CAS system operated at a food-to-microorganism ratio of 0.2; the effluent then underwent anaerobic digestion in the AnMBR with an organic loading rate of 0.5 g COD/L/h. The integrated system achieved over 90% removal for COD and suspended solids and over 80% for nitrogen and phosphorus removal. It also reduced excess sludge by 30% compared to standalone CAS. Estimated biogas production was 0.6 m3/h with 50–70% methane content. The high pollution removal, sludge minimisation, and renewable energy generation indicate that the integrated CAS–AnMBR system is a promising sustainable SWW treatment approach. The positive initial results warrant further examinations of methane yields, cost-effectiveness, and optimisation.
Deciphering geospatial variations in water quality of a perennial river for human consumption and agricultural application
Authors: Yadav Aneet Kumar , Anita  , Monu Kumar  , Raw Kamla Pat , Kumar Narendra
Published: December 2024

Present study was conducted on Basuhi River to evaluate the suitability of water for domestic and irrigational use by calculating water quality index (WQI), nutrient pollution index, permeability index, Kelly ratio, soluble sodium percentage, sodium absorption ratio, chloro-alkaline indices, and magnesium adsorption ratio. Major cations; Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ were found between 4.1 to 23, 0.85 to 7.5, 12.26 to 112.26, 13.7 to 87.5 and 6.3 to 28.1, 0.7 to 7.8, 46.2 to 168, 8.8 to 82.56 mg/L, while major anions SO42−, HCO3−, Cl−, PO43−, F−, and NO3− were found to be 23.5 to114.5, 1 to 51.98, 11.60 to 169.15, 0.198 to 1.598, 0.19 to 0.71, and 0.35 to 8.76 and 47.0 to 147.0, 4.0 to 24.02, 19.30 to 178.82, 0.012 to 3.61, 0.32 to 0.95, and 0.048 to 3.80 mg/L during pre and post monsoon season, respectively. Electrical conductivity, total hardness, Ca2+, and Mg2+ have exceeded the maximum desirable limit recommended by BIS (2012) and WHO (2017). WQI revealed that the water belongs to ‘moderate’ to ‘very poor’ category for drinking, however, majority of water samples were found fit for irrigational usage. Findings shall be helpful in determining the future environmental cost of development along the riverine ecosystem.
Growth and productivity of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) intercropped with maize as affected by cropping pattern and weed control in Forest –Savanna transition Agro-ecological zone of Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Falade Amos , Iyanda Joseph , Lagoke Segun
Published: December 2024

Se llevaron a cabo experimentos de campo dentro de las temporadas de cultivo de 2014, 2015 y 2016 en la Universidad Federal de Agricultura, Abeokuta, Nigeria para evaluar la influencia de los métodos de cultivo intercalado y control de malezas en el crecimiento y rendimiento de pepino. Los tratamientos se dispusieron en un arreglo de parcelas divididas en un diseño de bloques completos aleatorizados (RCBD) con tres repeticiones. La parcela principal fue un patrón de cultivo de maíz intercalado con pepino sembrado a 100 cm x 37.5 cm, y 75 cm x 50 cm, pepino único sembrado a 75 cm x 75 cm. Los tratamientos de las subparcelas fueron métodos de control de malezas: aplicación de pre-emergencia del ingrediente activo Propaben a 2 kg.ha-1, 1.6 kg.ha-1, y 1.6 kg.ha-1seguido de (fb) desyerbe suplementario con azada (SHW), Superunion a 2 kg.ha-1, 1.6 kg.ha-1, y 1.6 kg.ha-1 fb SHW, dos bodas con azada, y el testigo de malezas. Los datos recogidos se sometieron a análisis de varianza, mientras que las medias significativas se separaron mediante la prueba de rangos múltiples de Duncan (p<0.05). A las 3 semanas después de la siembra (SSA) en 2015, y a las 3 y 6 SSA en 2016, el pepino plantado solo dio lugar a una masa de cultivo significativamente mayor de 82 100, 67 800 y 56 000 plantas per hectare que el cultivo intercalado correspondiente en los mismos períodos. Los resultados indicaron que el pepino intercalado con maíz a 75 cm x 50 cm redujo significativamente la materia seca de las malas hierbas en 2014 en comparación con el cultivo único. Todas las combinaciones de herbicidas de preemergencia redujeron la biomasa seca de malas hierbas en comparación con el control de malas hierbas. Aunque no hubo diferencias significativas en la producción entre el cultivo de pepino como cultivo único y como cultivo intercalado con maíz, escardar dos veces a las 3 y 6 semanas después de la siembra, resultó en el mayor rendimiento de pepino de 437 kg.ha-1 en 2014 y 315 kg.ha-1 en 2015. En conclusión, la aplicación de Propaben y Superunion causó una reducción en el rendimiento de fruto de pepino entre 48.9 % a 97.8 % en el cultivo intercalado de maíz y pepino.
A Critical Review on Lipid Nanoparticle-based siRNA Formulations for Breast Cancer Management
Authors: Chandra Phool , Rastogi Vaibhav , Porwal Mayur , Sharma Himanshu , Verma Anurag , Sachan Neetu
Published: December 2024

Breast cancer poses a formidable challenge due to its inherent difficulty in treatment.
Recognizing the imperative need for new therapeutic approaches, this study focuses on a groundbreaking
technique that has the potential to reshape breast cancer treatment: siRNA formulations
based on lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). This novel method holds promise for transforming the landscape
of breast cancer therapy. The primary objective of this research is to conduct a comprehensive
assessment of the current state of the art in the field, specifically exploring the potential applications
of siRNA treatments encapsulated in LNPs for breast cancer. The research methodology involves
a detailed literature review covering breast cancer, siRNA therapy, and lipid nanoparticles.
The study investigates the fundamental principles of siRNA therapy, highlighting its capacity to
selectively silence genes critical to breast cancer development. Additionally, the application of
LNPs in delivering therapeutic siRNA payloads is explored, with an emphasis on the benefits of
LNPs, including their biocompatibility and effective siRNA incorporation. Safety and effectiveness
characteristics of LNP-based siRNA formulations are also assessed to pave the way for potential
therapeutic applications. Findings from the study illuminate the promising characteristics of
LNP-siRNA formulations in the treatment of breast cancer. The investigation provides insights into
targeting strategies, such as the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and the utilization
of ligand-conjugated nanoparticles. The study outlines potential avenues for therapeutic
use, drawing attention to the safety and effectiveness of LNP-based siRNA formulations. In summary,
this study aims to reveal intricate interactions between lipid nanoparticle-based siRNA formulations
and breast cancer treatment, fostering a transformation in the field by highlighting current
developments, future trends, and innovative strategies for next-gen LNP-based siRNA formulations.
Impact of 3D Printing Settings on Polylactic Acid Filament Mechanical Behaviors Based on the Taguchi Method
Authors: Nhassa Ghalia , Khalifa Romdhane Ben , Snoussi Ali
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

3D printing has become an activity changer in some sectors allowing the
creation of personalized parts. With its growing popularity in areas needing mechanical capabilities,
it is essential to grasp how the printing settings impact the mechanical traits of the printed pieces.

Method:

This paper presents a novel investigation into the impact of critical 3D printing parameters
on the mechanical characteristics of polylactic acid (PLA), a widely used biocompatible and biodegradable
polymer. Our experimental approach systematically evaluated the effects of various printing
parameters including infill density, raster orientation, outline overlap, and print speed on the
printed parts' tensile strength and Young's modulus.

Result:

The results consistently showed that increasing the infill density and outline overlap improved
tensile strength and Young's modulus. However, higher print speeds decreased both underscoring
the practical application of our unique findings. This research is a pioneering effort providing
engineers and designers with valuable direction for working with 3D-printed PLA parts in aerospace,
automotive, and biomedical applications.

Conclusion:

It significantly adds to the expanding corpus of research on the connection between
3D printing process variables and the mechanical characteristics of advanced polymeric materials.
Parasites in the Cardiovascular System
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Jaiswal Amit Kumar , Singh Alok Kumar , Agarwal Vivek , Verma Gaurav Kumar
Published: December 2024

Goats play an important role in providing supplementary income in a
landless farming system. Nowadays, goat farming has converted into a profitable
industry. Goats suffer from various diseases, especially parasitic diseases, that
adversely impact this industry. The cardiovascular system is a very important system
for communication between different parts of the body in all animals. Several parasites,
which are found in the cardiovascular system, cause morbidity and mortality in the goat
population. These parasites may cause myocarditis, pericarditis and cardiomyopathy,
which are the major causes of heart failure in goats. Some other protozoan and
rickettsial parasites found in blood produce severe harm to goats. The present chapter
elaborates on the various parasites of the goat's cardiovascular system. This chapter
helps to understand the morphological identification, life cycle, pathogenesis, clinical
signs, diagnostic methods, treatment and control aspects of parasites in the
cardiovascular system of goats.
Parasites in the Integumentary System of Goats
Authors: Dasmabai Banothu , Gopala Lunavat
Published: December 2024

The ectoparasites that affect the skin, such as ticks, mites, fleas, and lice, are
integumentary parasites. Diseases spread by various ectoparasites are distinguished by
their distinctive morphology, while symptoms are caused by interactions between the
parasite and the host. Parasites from outside the body eat bodily surface tissues like
skin, blood, and hair. Ectoparasite wounds, as well as skin irritation, cause animal
discomfort and irritability and function as an attractant for myiasis by blood-sucking
flies. As they impair animal health, growth, and productivity, these ectoparasites have a
substantial economic impact on goat farmers. In general, it is impossible to effectively
handle infected livestock. Since there is a strong correlation between the climate,
management techniques, and the prevalence of ectoparasitism in animals, it is
imperative that biological control agents rather than chemical treatments should be
used to control flies.