bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and characterisation of a large animal transgenic tumor model for sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Rice Samuel L , Kapur Payal , Alnablsi Mhd Wisam , De Las Casas Luis , Osborne Joseph R , Beets-Tan Regina
Published: December 2024

Background

Sarcomatoid (and rhabdoid) dedifferentiation can occur in ∼5% of renal cell carcinomas (sRCC), a finding with significant therapeutic implications. sRCC is associated with increased aggressiveness, resistance to conventional targeted therapies, and increased sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Objective

There are no preclinical models for sRCC that can be used in research to better understand this disease. The pig has similar size, anatomy, immune system, and genetics, that can be employed to evaluate procedures or tumor specific drugs. We report on the creation of a large animal porcine model for sRCC.

Materials

In eight Oncopigs, a Cre-recombinase gene adenoviral vector (AdCre) was incubated with renal tissue obtained from an ultrasound (US) percutaneous biopsy and reinjected into the renal cortex. US was performed to assess growth and to obtain tumor tissue for pathologic and immunohistochemistry evaluation.

Results

Three weeks post inoculation renal tumors were successfully formed in 28 out of 32 sites (88%). Mean tumor size by imaging was 1.6 × 1.1 cm (range: 0.4–3.9 cm longest axis). Pigs remained clinically healthy up to 25 days after inoculation. On histology, tumors consisted of foci of infiltrating sarcomatoid and rhabdoid cells in a background of marked acute and chronic inflammation. The neoplastic cells showed positive immunoreactivity for PAX8, cytokeratin AE1/AE3 supporting a renal tubular origin. These cells were diffusely positive for p53 and showed high ki-67 (20–30%), and cleaved caspase 3 (20–30%) expression.

Conclusion

Rapid growing poorly differentiated neoplasms associated with a marked inflammatory reaction that have phenotypic and immunohistochemical features of sRCC were successfully developed. These may be suitable to study the response to local and systemic therapies.
The Future of Digital Finance: The Impact of Cryptocurrency and Blockchain on Digital Securities in Indonesia and Gen Z's Adoption Potential
Authors: Muhammad Sifaudin  , Nur Ayiyah
Published: December 2024

Research Aims: This study aims to examine the intention of the young generation in Indonesia to adopt cryptocurrency and blockchain instruments in Digital Securities.
Methodology: This study adopts a Mixed Methods (Sequential Explanatory Design) approach. This method begins with the collection of quantitative data in the first stage, followed by the collection of qualitative data in the second stage.
Research Findings: This disclosure emphasizes public trust in the ability of the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and the Central Bank (BI) to launch and regulate blockchain regulations in the digital capital market.
Theoretical Contribution: The results of the study revealed that the involvement of facilitation, institutional trust and technological trust have a significant effect on Gen-Z's intention to use digital securities in Indonesia.
Research limitation and implication: The existence of maximum literacy facilities and consultations provided can increase public trust in the authorities providing digital exchange to continue to develop technological innovation optimally.
Using Microblogging to facilitate Community of Inquiry
Authors: Sinnappan Sukunesan , Zutshi Samar
Published: December 2024

The usage of Twitter as part of tertiary learning is growing and is increasingly a common scene. However, most institutions use Twitter for social information exchange rather than deep pedagogical use. Here we experiment with Twitter based on the Community of Inquiry (CoI) approach using two undergraduate cohorts from Australia and America. Both cohorts were asked to exchange messages and discuss on a given topic for three weeks via Twitter. Our findings show that all three types of presence from the CoI model, viz. cognitive, social and teaching, can be facilitated by the use of Twitter in teaching. This demonstration of the use of microblogging for pedagogical use is a significant contribution to the higher education literature since previous studies' findings are largely limited to aspects of social presence.
Tutor Accessibility Support Kit (TASK)
Authors: Papadopoulos George , Pearson Elaine , Green Steve
Published: December 2024

Higher Education institutions around the world have seen a significant increase in the number of students with disabilities and it is evident that the needs of these students should be addressed. The use of accessible e-learning can be an enabling experience for disabled students, however, the development of inclusive e- resources in Higher Education is convoluted and poses significant challenges to educators, as developers of their own online materials, and to staff developers, who are responsible for the provision of on-going and valuable support to academics. This paper describes the results of an evaluation that explored the potential of TASK (Tutor Accessibility Support Kit) as a training and support tool for academics with little or no previous knowledge in developing accessible online learning materials, either as part of a Continuing Professional Development course or as an online standalone tool.
Working from the evidence of prior art and experience in curriculum database development
Authors: Lever Tim , Gluga Richard , Kay Judy
Published: December 2024

There are many potential benefits from systematic documentation of university degree curricula, including facilitation of curriculum review, accreditation reporting and better information for students, lecturers and administrators. The importance of such documentation and its growing complexity has motivated many attempts to create software systems to manage it more effectively. However, there has been little reported on the process of creating such systems and experience of using them. This paper describes the 10 year evolution of the CUSP curriculum database at the University of Sydney's Faculty of Engineering & TT, from a 200 unit, engineering- specific repository, to a multi-faculty platform for 169 degree pathways and over 2000 units of study. The paper contributes to the understanding of challenges of large scale curriculum modeling and curriculum information management and shares lessons learnt in building systems to support these processes and the people involved.
Using game-based inquiry learning to meet the changing directions of science education
Authors: Kennedy-Clark Shannon , Galstaun Vilma , Anderson Kate
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the results of a study designed to develop pre-service teachers' skills and pedagogical understanding of how game-based learning can be used in a classroom. The study used a technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) conceptual model. 18 pre-service science teachers participated in the study that used Death in Rome, a point and click inquiry-based game to learn how to teach scientific inquiry. In the workshop the participants were required to complete several activities using game-based learning that included the evaluation of a range of online games and virtual worlds. Participants were required to complete pre-and post-tests. The results of the pre-and post-tests indicate that there was a significant shift in pre-service teachers' attitudes towards game-based learning as a result of the workshop. Overall, this study showed a positive change in attitudes towards game-based learning in science education.
Student perspectives of eportfolios
Authors: Gerbic Philippa , Lewis Lyn , Amin Norasieh Md
Published: December 2024

Universities are currently under pressure to provide evidence of graduate attributes and at the same time to improve learner engagement. Eportfolios and their associated pedagogies have the potential to support students' learning and development and to provide evidence of their progress against standards or attributes. Research reports about eportfolio introductions provide guidance on this new technology however student voices are underrepresented and most studies occur over a single course. This paper reports early data from a three-year longitudinal study of students in a Bachelor of Education. Survey results across four semesters, which included first-time users in each semester, indicated (1) increasing recognition of the eportfolio for learning in the areas of evaluation, reflection on the learning process, and keeping track of learning experiences and (2) decreasing concerns about using the technology and technology as a barrier. There were also a steady increase of enthusiasm and positive feelings and a decrease in feelings of uncertainty, confusion, anxiety and negativity.
i-Survive Project
Authors: Willems Julie
Published: December 2024

The aim of the forthcoming i-Survive project is to evaluate the use of messages, images and videos sent by participating representatives of key community stakeholders during recent Australian and New Zealand disaster and emergency situations from Internet-enabled mobile phones to Web 2.0 social networking websites to seek help or educate others. It is anticipated that the research findings will help guide and instruct the development of m-learning strategies, including applications and protocols, in order to help better plan and prepare for the use of these technologies in future disaster situations.
Blueprint For The Future
Authors: Sachs Judyth , Gosper Maree
Published: December 2024

The issues around engagement, equity and evidence-based decisions posed for exploration at the conference play out at all levels within universities: individual academics working with students; faculties developing programs; and institutional level mechanisms designed to support learning and teaching. This paper takes an institutional level perspective to the issues through the development of a quality enhancement framework for learning technologies at Macquarie University. Developed over three years, the framework is based on a continuous cycle of evidence-based goal setting, planning, managing and reviewing within a governance structure which is representative of key stakeholders across the university. Enhancing the student experience, providing quality learning and teaching and developing sustainable infrastructure are key outcomes. The impetus for developing the framework and the key elements which promote engagement, accessibility and evidence-based practices will be discussed.
The Personal Learning Space
Authors: Poot Alison , Austin Lilian
Published: December 2024

The Personal Learning Space, conceptually positioned between the Institutional and Personal Learning Environments, can be thought of as an 'eportfolio PLUS'. It is institutionally provided but personally controlled, providing a unique balance between direction and independence that encourages student engagement. Action research demonstrates that the scaffolding and templates, sharing and collaboration, formative and summative feedback, reflective structure, and privacy and security all enable engaging pedagogy in a manner previously not available to tertiary educators. This paper includes two examples from practice at La Trobe University that illustrate the opportunities the PLS is providing for both teachers and students.
Reform, Quality Agendas and Professional Development
Authors: Pocknee Catherine , Mulvany Julie , Schier Mark
Published: December 2024

Major policy reforms within Australian Higher Education coupled with important advances in e- learning technologies have created a highly stressful environment for teaching academics. Faculty learning and teaching leaders responsible for the delivery of professional development face demanding new challenges. The authors outline the relative success of strategies they have trialed, including those using new technologies, to assist staff with their learning and teaching practice. Although the use of new technologies to assist staff has resulted in some success, problems associated with the initiatives are identified. The assumption that the uncritical use of new technologies will necessarily provide the solution to the current dilemmas faced by teaching academics is questioned. The paper concludes with a discussion of new ways of thinking about professional development where a strong focus is placed on the prudent use of new technologies and where staff are given greater responsibility for their learning and teaching development.
Reinventing the 21st century educator
Authors: McLoughlin Catherine
Published: December 2024

Learning for the professions has grown beyond mere consumption of knowledge and become a knowledge creation process. The new effective teacher must think more about process than content, enabling learners to operate in the digital world rather than learn a discrete body of facts. The paper will present the teaching and learning possibilities accompanying the social, participatory and collaborative tools that have emerged in the Web 2.0 era. For beginning teachers, competence in e-learning and the capacity to employ these tools to support lifelong professional learning is essential. As technologies continue to change, there is a now a stronger emphasis on teacher learning and that is proactive, experiential and mediated by digital tools. The complexity of teachers learning and teachers' knowledge is acknowledged and theorised, and evidence is presented that digital tools and their affordances can enable and support teacher learning in a number of productive ways.
Teacher engagement in a Web 2.0 world
Authors: Flagg Edward , Ayling Diana
Published: December 2024

Recent developments in web-based tools have presented new opportunities for teachers and learners to engage in new ways, not only with their specific discipline, but also with themselves, with each other, and their learning. Online Communities of Practice (CoPs) serve not only as clearinghouses for what teachers already know about a discipline, but also as places where new knowledge and skills are developed. They can be a place where professional identities can be shared and grown as knowledge and skills are grown; they can provide space for ideas to be shared, considered, developed, and then used by all members of the CoP; and they are certainly a place where we are able to confront and develop the ways in which we learn. The researchers are two academic developers currently at Unitec Institute of Technology. In the Spring of 2009, the researchers, as technology stewards, created "The Teaching and Learning Community at Unitec' (T & L Community), an online CoP (http://tlcommunityunitec.ning.com/). The T&L Community is where teachers share and develop teaching and professional resources as well as announce events such as professional development opportunities, conferences, and other gatherings. Members participate in conversations through blog posts and comments, real-time chat and themed chat sessions. This new tool for engaging teachers with each other and their profession resonated with the early members and the CoP began to grow twice as fast as the technology stewards had anticipated. This paper explores the background, context and aims of the research, presents preliminary findings, and presents the methodology for further data collection. The paper draws early conclusions and implications about using online communities of practice in a teaching and learning environment.
'Because I said so'
Authors: Chukhlomin Valeri
Published: December 2024

At the SUNY Empire State College's Center for Distance Learning (CDL), the majority of students come from the State of New York, whereas international distance learners were historically a tiny fraction. This is currently being changed, with the ongoing rebranding of the College as New York's Open University. Seeking to enhance its curriculum to better accommodate international distance learners, CDL has engaged in the development of bridging bilingual/bicultural courses such as "International eLearning Skills for Russian Speaking Students". The course designed and taught by bilingual/bicultural professors helps students overcome linguistic, cultural, technological, and organizational barriers and adapt to the North American learning environment. In this paper, I will briefly describe the project, problems discovered and solutions found, including the use of scaffolding techniques, such as teaching- centred pedagogy.
Fostering institutional change through learning leadership
Authors: Childs Merilyn , Keppell Mike , Brown Mark , Hunter Carole , Hard Natasha , Hughes Helen
Published: December 2024

This paper discusses the significance of a research project between Charles Sturt University (CSU) and Massey University (MU) which aims to build knowledge and understanding of the impact of distributive leadership approaches to transforming teaching and learning in relation to distance education. Authentic, situated approaches to change offer a powerful conduit for building "street level leadership", the sharing of knowledge, skills and information within and between schools and as a basis for whole-of-institution cultural change driven through practice. This research provides an opportunity for evaluation of authentic, situated approaches as a mechanism for institutional renewal of learning and teaching practices in relation to distance education (DE). Such a reorientation of practice affords CSU and MU a chance to increase the equity of student experience and engagement in learning through blended and flexible delivery.
Auditing education courses using the TPACK framework as a preliminary step to enhancing ICTs
Authors: Campbell Chris , Baroutsis Aspa
Published: December 2024

The Teaching Teachers for the Future (TTF) project is a Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR) project that involves all 39 Australian teacher education universities. This study uses the TPACK framework and focuses on future teachers to ensure they are afforded the best learning opportunities in an increasingly online world. Specifically, the project supports the ongoing development of information and communication technology (ICT) proficiency of graduate teachers across Australia by building the ICT capacity of teacher educators and through the development of appropriate resources. This paper focuses on the initial auditing and mapping of the electronic course profiles (unit outlines) that occurred at The University of Queensland's School of Education which in turn provided a basis for the specifics of the project. The initial findings of the mapping process indicate that generally, course coordinators under- represent the technology components in their courses.
Paper, Rock, Shotgun?
Authors: Kerr Thomas , Groom Dean
Published: December 2024

This poster looks at the taxonomy of game development tools mapped against games-based learning theories in order to suggest the most promising directions to take in online educational software design.
Locating Technology Innovation within the Scholarship of Teaching
Authors: Doherty Ian , Honey Michelle , Stewart Lisa
Published: December 2024

We present a project that involves undergraduate nursing students working in small groups using a wiki to develop a collaborative glossary of health specific terminology. We locate our research - using a randomized control trial - within the scholarship of teaching and provide the rationale for adopting this approach to our research. We then provide two alternative evidenced-based approaches to innovating with technology -scholarly teaching and reflective teaching - and show how the three approaches can provide multiple pathways for technology innovators to take an evidence-based approach to their work so that we learn from the past and inform future teaching practice.
Visualizing Aphasia in Linguistics From 2000 to 2019
Authors: Wang Huili , Zhang Shurong , Guo Hanning , Liu Bo
Published: December 2024

This paper aims to visualize the research of aphasia from a linguistic perspective for the two decades from 2000 to 2019, identifying the changes in research focus and the future emerging trends of aphasia studies in linguistics. Applying the bibliometric approach, the present study reviewed 3,004 publications with the topic word “aphasia” in the framework of linguistics. The dataset was created from the Web of Science database ranging from 2000 to 2019. Using the CiteSpace tool, document co-citation analysis, betweenness centrality (BC) measurement and citation burst detection were conducted to explore and determine the thematic patterns, critical studies, and emerging trends of this knowledge domain. Twelve thematic patterns in these two decades were identified, indicating that researchers have focused on language impairment in aphasia, aphasia therapy and other topics associated with aphasia. Meanwhile, papers with high BC reveal the connections among different research clusters. In addition, bursts of detected citations demonstrate that treatment aiming at the enhanced quality of daily life, the utilization of discourse tasks and treatments at the discourse level, deeper exploration of primary progressive aphasia in terms of clinical data and the application of working memory assessment, and the role of working memory (WM) training in rehabilitation will possibly attract more attention in the future. On the basis of the cluster landscape, BC and citation bursts, the review found that scholars paid extensive attention to the alleviation of communication deficits in the linguistic exploration of aphasia.
Effects of stress hormones on digestibility and performance in cattle: A review
Authors: Besharati Maghsoud , Ahmad Sibtain , Jabbar Muhammad , Palangi Valiollah , Esen Selim , Esen Vasfiye Kader , Eseceli Hüseyin , Mammadov Ayaz , Lackner Maximilian
Published: December 2024

Various stress factors affect the physiology of cattle. Environmental stressors include heat, cold, wind, humidity, nutrition, endocrine disruptors, and management. Several negative health effects are associated with the hormones produced under stress conditions. In cattle, cortisol has been associated with reduced rates of reproduction, lowered milk production, and suppression of the immune system causing greater disease susceptibility. For a better understanding of how stress hormones impact feed digestibility and animal performance, this review has been divided into four sections (feed digestibility, milk production, milk composition, and meat quality). In dairy cows, the transition period is challenging because of a shortage of energy and nutrients, inflammation, increased lipid peroxidation, as well as hormonal and metabolic changes. Stress hormones decrease milk yield, but cortisol affects arteriovenous pressure, which is essential for milk production (due to stressful conditions or other factors such as the use of steroid medicines). Higher cortisol levels have been observed in the hotter and more stressful months of the year. On the other hand, in early lactation, reduced feed intake can lead to acidosis, reduced milk fat, and lameness in cattle. Heat stress (HS) influences milk composition negatively, especially a decrease in milk protein. In fattening animals, HS reduces feed intake, animal growth, and production efficiency. These extreme events have short-term effects and can last a day or two. Practical solutions can be adopted to reduce HS by modifying the diet, increasing the amount of water for drinking, providing shade, and a good air exchange in the barn and installing sprinklers. It is possible to increase animal welfare and product quality based on the conclusions of this review.
Heidegger’s Critical Confrontation with the Concept of Truth as Validity
Authors: Fahmy-Hooke Joshua
Published: December 2024

My primary goal in this article is to provide a historical reconstruction of Heidegger’s relationship to Hermann Lotze’s logic of validity (Logik der Gültigkeit). Lotze’s characterization of truth’s “actuality” solidifies the fallacious presupposition that the essence of truth is to be understood primarily in terms of logical assertions. In Heidegger’s view, the predicates “true” and “false,” as the paradigmatic attributes of propositions and judgments, are derivatives of a fundamental and “primary being of truth” known as disclosedness (Erschlossenheit). Heidegger marks this decisive position in §44 of Being and Time and gains its methodological purchase by deconstructing traditional logic (kritischer Abbau der überlieferten Logik). Heidegger’s treatment, however, is abbreviated, and his sources remain notoriously concealed. For this reason, much is to be gained by examining the supplement provided one year earlier in a lecture course titled Logic: The Question of Truth (WS 1925–26). Heidegger devotes nearly 100 pages to the contemporary situation of philosophical logic. In this course, Heidegger critically evaluates a core principle of both phenomenology and neo-Kantian Erkenntnistheorie: the concept of validity (Geltung). This term originates from Lotze’s Platonic Ideenlehre, which asserts that Platonic “ideas” correspond to thoughts through a logical necessity. Consequently, they are deemed valid and eternally self-identical but do not need to exist in the world. For the purposes of this study, I show the historical significance and influence of Lotze’s Logic on twentieth-century Neo-Kantianism and Phenomenology. I provide a detailed account of Lotze’s interpretation of the Platonic theory of ideas, which supports his theory of validity. By returning to Lotze’s text, I provide an in-depth review of Heidegger’s reading of Lotze, whom he charges with misleading twentieth-century epistemology. If successful, this article provides the necessary and historical context to understand what is left unsaid and concealed in §44 of Being and Time. This article also serves the auxiliary purpose of acting as a prolegomenon for Heidegger’s urgent return to Aristotle’s thought and accurately determining the essence of truth.
Intrikusábrázolási jellegzetességek Szigligeti Ede és Balázs Sándor A strike című darabjában
Authors: Kovács Viktor
Published: December 2024

A tanulmány középpontjában egy kísérleti drámatípus, a városi népszínmű egyik jellegzetes darabja, Szigligeti Ede és Balázs Sándor műve, az 1871-ben bemutatott A strike áll. A dráma intrikusalakjainak tárgytörténeti és karakterológiai vizsgálatán keresztül azt szemléltetem, hogy a társadalmi változások milyen alakábrázolási sajátosságokkal bővítették a népszínmű jellemző típusainak mozgásterét, gesztusrendszerét. Az értekezés első fele a darab recepciótörténetének főbb pontjait ismerteti; kérdésem, hogy miként értelmezte a korabeli sajtókritika A strike tematikai újításait, illetve a darabnak a francia eredetihez, Fraçois Coppée A kovácsok sztrájkja (La Grève des forgerons) című költeményéhez való ellentmondásos viszonyát. Ezt követően a darab releváns jeleneteit elemzem, megállapítva, hogy a szöveg intrikusfigurái a társadalmi változások közepette a maguk személyes státuszváltozását újfajta identitásképző kommunikációval kezelik, s ezen keresztül próbálnak érvényesülni a megreformált szabályok szerint működő közösségben.
Um olhar sobre as fake news e o enredo da difamação de Marielle Franco
Authors: Albuquerque Andréa Moreira Gonçalves de , Brito de Faria Evangelina Maria , Oliveira Christiane Maria da Bôa Viagem
Published: December 2024

As fake news devastam reputações nas redes sociais digitais. A partir de um levantamento do Laboratório de Estudos sobre Imagem e Cibercultura (Labic-UFES), verificamos que os enunciados deflagradores da difamação de Marielle Franco (PSOL-RJ) continuam acessíveis, multiplicáveis e constituem um enredo difamatório, mais de quatro anos depois da execução da vereadora. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar cinco enunciados desse enredo, com base nas noções de cronotopos e axiologia, formuladas por Bakhtin, Medviédev e Volóchinov e na concepção de pontos de vista, articulada por estudiosos da teoria dialógica. Devido à esfera da atividade discursiva, também lançamos mão de teorias da comunicação e da cultura. Concluímos que a replicabilidade, a buscabilidade e o maniqueísmo, típicos das redes sociais digitais, favorecem a disseminação das fake news, do discurso do ódio, valores e comportamentos contrários aos pobres, negros, mulheres, pessoas LGBTQIA+, ideias e grupos políticos defensores dos direitos desses segmentos da sociedade.
Note from the Davis Fellow
Authors: Parker Grace Anne
Published: December 2024

A brief note from the Davis Fellow, Grace Anne Parker
Time to onset of organ failure determines outcomes in acute severe pancreatitis- a prospective post HOC analysis
Authors: CP Lakshmi , Choudhuri Gourdas , Sharma Zubin Dev , Sehgal Alok , Saraswat VA
Published: December 2024

Introduction: High mortality rates in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) have been attributed for quite some time to number and severity of organ failure (OF), rather than on their period of onset. We investigated whether rapidity of onset of organ failure determines the outcomes in SAP.

Patients and methods: We performed a post hoc analysis from a prospectively maintained database of 331(66.1%) of 501 consecutive patients (mean age 41.3 ± 15.2 years, 69.5% males) of acute pancreatitis over a three-year period, who fulfilled revised Atlanta criteria for SAP. Patients were divided into early severe acute pancreatitis (ESAP: 115, 34.7 %) and late severe acute pancreatitis (LSAP: 216, 65.3 %) if OF developed within or after 7 days of disease onset. ESAP was subdivided into fulminant (FAP: 49 of 115, 42.6%) and sub-fulminant (SFAP: 66, 57.4%) groups with onset of organ failure within 72 hours and 72 hours to 7 days of disease respectively.

Results: Within the overall mortality rate of 27% (89 of 331) in SAP, significantly higher deaths occurred in ESAP group (49.6%, 57/115) compared to LSAP (15.7%, 34/216, p< 0.05). Within ESAP, it was significantly higher in those with FAP (63.3%, 31/49) than those with SFAP (39.4%, 26/66). Respiratory failure accounted for 50.9% (29/57) of deaths in ESAP, but only in 20.6% (7/34) in LSAP (p<0.01). Sepsis, on the other hand, accounted for only 31.6% (18/57) in ESAP but 70.6% (24/34) in LSAP (p<0.01).

Conclusion: Our observation suggests that the time of onset of organ failure in SAP is an important determinant of death, mortality being higher in those with a fulminant (SFAP) or rapid course (ESAP) than those where the disease progresses slowly (LSAP).
Late diagnosis of congenital anal canal stenosis. Case report and literature analysis
Authors: Levin, MD, PhD, DSc Michael D , Mendelson MD Gad
Published: December 2024

We describe a case of congenital stenosis in the anal canal (ACS) in an elderly woman who suffered from severe constipation since early childhood. Digital examination revealed a thin membrane in the anal canal with an opening through which only the index finger could fit. An X-ray examination revealed a narrowing in the anal canal at 1.9 cm from the normally formed anus. The Foley catheter balloon was stuck above the membrane. We found only one article describing delayed diagnosis of congenital rectal stenosis in a 17-year-old adolescent. But she also had a membrane in her anal canal. A PubMed search identified 14 articles that published radiographic studies of rectal atresia and rectal stenosis in children. In all cases radiometric analysis revealed atresia or stenosis not in the rectum, but in the anal canal. In 8 cases it was possible to determine the exact location of the membrane. It was located approximately 1 cm from the anal verge. Conclusion. An analysis of articles proved that in all cases the membrane was not in the rectum, but in the anal canal. This discovery allows the membrane to be excised through the anal approach without damaging the anal canal and the innervation of the anorectal area. It has been shown that in a significant number (≈5%) of children with functional megacolon, ACS may be the cause of the pathology. Scientifically based methods for diagnosing and treating ACA/ACS are proposed. The localization and form of the defect suggests that it occurs in the embryonic period due to a violation of the rupture of the membrane in embryos 13.5–135 cm long.
Is cancer autoimmune disease and can cancer be prevented?
Authors: Kuman Maria
Published: December 2024

The article gives positive answer to both questions. 1/ Cancer could be considered autoimmune disease because it is related to the lymph liquid, which fills the space between the cells. Since in the lymph liquid are dump the amyloid proteins, which the immune system produces to fight invading viruses, cancer could be considered autoimmune disease because the immune system is turned against itself. If so, 2/ cancer could be prevented by flushing the lymph system or/and restoring the EMF (or more precisely the NEMF) between the cells, which has been gobbled by stress.
Impact of geology on hydrogeological and hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater in tropical environments: a narrative review
Authors: Wali Saadu Umar , Usman Abdulqadir Abubakar , Usman Abdullahi Bala , Abdullahi Umar , Mohammed Ibrahim Umar , Hayatu Jamil Musa
Published: December 2024

Groundwater is critical in sustaining ecosystems, agriculture, and human livelihoods, particularly in tropical regions where it is often the primary source of freshwater. However, the management of groundwater resources is increasingly threatened by over-extraction, contamination, and the compounding effects of climate change. This review synthesizes critical challenges and future directions in understanding hydrogeology, hydrochemistry, and groundwater management in tropical environments, explicitly focusing on case studies from the Global South. Groundwater quality is shaped by natural geological factors and anthropogenic activities, with trace elements such as arsenic, fluoride, and heavy metals significantly contributing to contamination in several regions. Human-induced pollution, particularly from agricultural practices, mining, and urbanization, further degrades water quality, posing serious public health risks. Through case studies from Bangladesh, East Africa, Latin America, and coastal regions of India, this review explores the diverse ways in which natural and human-induced factors intersect to affect groundwater quality and availability. Each case highlights the complexity of managing groundwater resources in diverse geological and socio-economic contexts. In Bangladesh, the widespread issue of arsenic contamination due to naturally occurring elements mobilized by groundwater extraction has resulted in severe health impacts. High fluoride concentrations in the groundwater of East Africa, exacerbated by volcanic geology, have led to widespread dental and skeletal fluorosis. In Latin America, mining activities have contaminated aquifers with heavy metals, threatening human and agricultural water supplies. In coastal India, excessive groundwater extraction has caused saltwater intrusion, further complicating water security. This review identifies over-extraction, poor water quality, climate change impacts, and weak governance as significant challenges in groundwater management. Future directions include integrating advanced monitoring technologies, interdisciplinary research, community participation, and policy reforms to promote sustainable use and protection of groundwater. Effective management will require a combination of scientific innovation, robust regulatory frameworks, and increased public awareness to ensure long-term water security in tropical regions and beyond.
Application of fluoride refractories to obtain functional alloys containing chemically active components Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, V
Authors:   I. M. Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NAS  of Ukraine, Kyiv, Krasovskaya N. O. , Krasovskyy V. P. ,   I. M. Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: December 2024

Refractory crucibles, cups and other products made of material based on alkaline earth metals fluorides, which are used for casting, isothermal melting, high-temperature homogenization of chemically aggressive alloys containing a large amount of Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, have been developed and manufactured. However, due to the large difference in coefficients of thermal linear expansion (KTLE) of fluorides and metals, mechanical compression of the crystallizing alloy in the crucible occurs.Such a difference in KTLE leads to cracking and destruction of crucibles. Crucibles that can be disassembled into several parts have been developed. This makes it possible to use such crucibles a large number of times for high-temperature homogenization and melting of chemically active alloys containing Ti, Zr, V, Nb.The developed refractory and special cups made from it also provide new opportunities for scientific research: studying the capillary characteristics (surface tension) of metal melts with a high content of reactive metals, which was previously practically impossible, as well as determining thermodynamic properties (enthalpy of mixing and formation of alloys, activity of components) for these alloys.

Keywords: functional metal materials, refractory materials, fluorides of alkaline earth metals, collapsible crucibles, chemically aggressive metals.
Structure and properties of Fe—Al—Ga materials in the region of iron-enriched concentrations
Authors:   I. M. Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NAS  of Ukraine, Kyiv, Honcharuk D. A. , Bahliuk G. A. ,   I. M. Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Khomenko O. I. ,   I. M. Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science of NAS  of Ukraine, Kyiv, Hripachevsky O. M. ,   H. V. Kurdyumov Institute of Metallophysics  of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Novychenko V. M. ,   Technical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: December 2024

The structure and mechanical properties of materials of the Fe—Al—Ga system (in the concentration range of 78—82% (wt.) Fe), obtained by sintering at 1150 oC in Ar medium for 1 hour, were studied. The starting materials were mixtures of Fe, Al powders and crushed Fe—Ga ligature alloy of equiatomic composition. Seven mixtures were produced, of which two mixtures had a binare compo¬sition (% (wt.)): Fe—17,5Al and Fe—21,4Ga; and all the others were three-component, with gradual substitution of Al for Ga. The phase composition of the samples was studied by the methods of X-ray diffraction and local X-ray microspectral analyses. To determine the mechanical characteristics, the Brinell method was used, microdurometric studies were carried out, and mechanical tests of the samples were carried out under conditions of uniaxial compression. The effect of Al on the change in the porosity of Fe—Al—Ga ternary alloys and the maximum manifestation of the “swelling” effect for Fe—Al composition samples was established. It is shown that the main phase of the obtained materials is a solid solution based on Fe, in which Al and Ga are dissolved in the appropriate proportions. In the Fe—Al samples and in the samples of the ternary composition, there are local separations of phases containing, in addition to the main metals, carbon and oxygen in significant quantities. In the structure of Fe—Ga samples, carbon is not detected, and oxygen is present in a small amount. The results of the mechanical compression tests showed that the Fe—21,4Ga composition samples, like the pure Fe samples, are quite plastic and do not break up to a degree of compression of 75—82%. For materials with binary composition with Ga, an increase in the elastic range was recorded compared to pure Fe, and the replacement of a small proportion of Ga with Al (up to 2% by weight) in the material composition contributes to its strengthening.

Keywords: Fe, Al, Ga, microstructure, phase formation, microhardness, mechanical compression characteristics.
Evolution and Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Advanced Defense Strategies in Cybersecurity
Authors: Wołoszyn Jacek
Published: December 2024

This article presents a detailed analysis of the use of AI in various aspects of cybersecurity, from training, threat detection and response, through identity and access management, to future directions and inherent challenges. It examines how this technology is transforming the field of digital security. The aim is not only to present the opportunities offered by AI, but also to draw attention to the need for a conscious and responsible approach to its implementation and exploitation.
Investment in Plant Protection with an Initial Copper Deposit
Authors: Mabbett Terry
Published: December 2024

The impact and influence of copper fungicides is large and as durable as their deposits against the most intense weathering pressures planet earth has to offer. Copper fungicide has been at the forefront of plant disease control since the establishment of copper’s activity as
a biocide in 1885. Several supreme ironies surround discovery of copper as a highly effective broad-spectrum fungicide. Like many other major discoveries, including Penicillin by Sir Alexander Fleming, it was an accidental milestone in science and technology. In the late nineteenth century
vineyard owners in the M??doc region of southern France were splashing grapevines alongside public footpaths with a concoction of copper sulphate and slaked lime ‐ CuS04 .5H2 O + Ca(OH)2. The unsightly water resistant deposits left on the foliage
and bunches deterred the pilfering of grapes.
MEASURES TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF HOP CROPS IN ROMANIA
Authors: Muntean Leon Sorin
Published: December 2024

In this paper there is presented the nowadays situation of hop culture in Romania and the national development program for this culture during the period 2005 – 2010.
ENTOMOFAUNA OF HOP GARDENS IN CLUJ-NAPOCA AREA
Authors: Bunescu Horia , Olteanu Ioan , Duda Marcel , Varban Dan , Bodis Ilonka , Pop Oana , Dinuta Alexandru
Published: December 2024

The researches concerning the hop’s entomofauna carried out between 1995-2007 in the ecological conditions of Cluj-Napoca, on cultivated hop, in the Hops Collection of Discipline of Phytotechny (Faculty of Agriculture – University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca) and on spontaneous hop. The aim of the researches was to study the entomofauna of hop (Humulus lupulus L.) following a classical methodology. The detemination of the biological collected material was made in the Laboratory of Discipline of Entomology/Zoology of USAMV Cluj-Napoca.
BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES FROM HOPS – XANTHOHUMOL
Authors: Mudura Elena , Tofana Maria , Muste Sevastita , Socaci Sonia
Published: December 2024

Xanthohumol (3’-[3,3–dimetyl allyl]-2’,4’,4-trihydroxy-6’-methoxychalcone) is the principal prenylated flavonoid of the female inflorescences of the hop plant (‘ Humulus lupulus L.), an ingredient of beer. Xanthohumol has been characterized a cancer chromoprotective agent in in vitro studies, while other prenylate compounds are potent phitoestrogen know to date. These biological activities suggest that prenylflavonoids from hops have potential for application in cancer prevention program, in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, methabolic sindroms and other farmaceutical applications. Human explosure to xanthohumol and related prenylflavonoids is primarily through beer consumption.
OENOTHERA –ORNAMENTAL CROP AND MEDICINAL PLANT
Authors: Cantor Maria , Buta Erzsebet
Published: December 2024

Evening primrose (Oenothera spp.) has in recent years become a recognized oilseed crop. The seed oil contains at maturity approximately 7-10% gamma-linolenic acids (GLA), an essential fatty acid proven value as a nutrient and pharmaceutical for humans (Horrobin, 1990). World sales of the oil therefore demand for seed have multiplied approximately 10 to 15 fold during the last 15 years and current world production of seed is estimated at 3,000-5,000 tonnes per year (Simpson & Fieldsend, 1993). Young roots can be eaten like a vegetable (with a peppery flavour), or the shoots can be eaten as a salad. The whole plant was used to prepare an infusion with astringent and sedative properties. It was considered to be effective in healing asthmatic coughs, gastro-intestinal disorders, and whooping cough and as a sedative pain-killer. Poultices containing O. biennis were at one time used to ease bruises and speed wound healing. One of the common names for Oenothera, “Kings cureall”, reflects the wide range of healing powers ascribed to this plant, although it should be noted that its efficacy for these purposes has not been demonstrated in clinical trials.
TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS REGARDING THE CULTIVATION OF SOME MARIGOLD’S VARIETIES (TAGETES SP.) IN CLUJ-N.
Authors: DUDA Marcel , Varban Dan , Muntean Sorin , Falticeanu Marcela
Published: December 2024

Research aimed at identifying the marigold cultivars with the best production and quality results, as well as the easiest cultivars to harvest with a view to medicinal valorisation. In order to reach these objectives, we made up a collection of 8 marigold cultivars of 2 species – Tagetes patula and Tagetes erecta – and we studied their morphological, productive, and qualitative features. We made observations and measurements concerning the size and colour of the inflorescences, production, and carotenoid content. We also assessed the necessary labour force to harvest the inflorescences taking into account that it must be done manually. Marigold inflorescences are important both in phyto-therapy and in obtaining some extracts for the ecological protection of agricultural crops. Among the cultivars we studied, to note the Focul cultivar developed at the SCDL Bac?u, with intensely orange coloured inflorescences rich in carotenoids.
MEDICINAL PLANTS IDENTIFIED IN NERA'S CANYON AND USED FOR HEALING THE ILLNESSES OF THE DIGESTIVE APPARATUS
Authors: Danet Carmen , Borcean Ioan
Published: December 2024

Nera river is situated in the south of Anina Mountains. The quay of this river have a length of 18 – 19 km, a small altitude of 160 180 m. The pluviometric regiune presentes annual quantities of 750 – 800 mm. The annual regiune of the air temperature have values of 10°C-11°C. The soils from the basin teritory have a mosaic disposition considering the relief forms and bioclimatic conditions. In this teritory with a surface of over 5000 hectares were identified over 84 of species with therapeutic effect. The paper involves references to 12 species frequently met in the mentioned teritory.
HOP FARMERS MEETING AT SYMPOSIUM ON UASMV CLUJ-N. IN 27 TO 28 JUNE 2008
Authors: Duda Marcel Matei , Muntean Leon Sorin , Cernea Solovăstru , Vârban Dan Ioan , Muntean Sorin
Published: December 2024

In this paper present the results of the experts meeting hop farms in Romania, which took place on 27-28 June 2008 on the University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, held a symposium titled "Current and future prospects in the cultivation and use of hops and medicinal plants" in the project CEEX 104/2006 funded of the CNMP Bucharest. For restoration and modernization of Romania hops to be taken a series of measures, including: Planting of indigenous and foreign varieties recommended for our country, using root material, free of virus; Special facilities are preferred grinding cones and transformation into granules (pellets), vacuum packed in containers (which ensures the preservation of quality for three years), and hops-grade transformation in concentrated liquid extract (retention time within 2 years), both prepared and ensuring fair treatment at lower specific fuel consumption; elimination of customs duties on imported hops cuttings, subsidies for replanting areas with existing support system and flavorful varieties superalfa support for amalgamation of land under hops support system; Implementation of legislation relating to hops, the organization Hop Advisory Council (through the Ministry of Agriculture, Hops Growers and Employers Association of Beer).
RESULTS OF RESEARCH REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF THE PERIOD AND WAY OF STUMP CUTTING ON HOPS PHENOLOGY
Authors: Cotârlă Rareș , Salontai Alexandru
Published: December 2024

The research results Â present the influence of the period and way ofÂ  stump cutting on hops phenology in two ecological areas of hops culture