bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unlocking Managerial Performance: The Impact of Organizational Culture and Employee Personality through Knowledge Sharing
Authors: Arizki Muta’aal Afrian , Abadiyah Rifdah
Published: December 2023

In the modern corporate landscape, the optimization of human resources stands as a pivotal concern for organizations. This study endeavors to explore the influence of organizational culture and employee personality on managerial performance, with knowledge sharing as a mediating variable. Employing rigorous empirical methods, our findings reveal that both organizational culture and employee personality exert both direct and indirect effects on managerial performance, mediated by knowledge sharing. This research underscores the significance of fostering a conducive organizational culture and understanding employee personalities to enhance overall managerial performance. These insights hold substantial implications for businesses striving to maximize their human resource potential in today's competitive environment.
Highlights:

Organizational Culture: Investigates the influence of organizational culture on managerial performance, emphasizing the importance of a conducive workplace environment.
Employee Personality: Explores how employee personality traits impact managerial performance, shedding light on the role of individual differences.
Knowledge Sharing: Highlights the mediating role of knowledge sharing in the relationship between organizational culture, employee personality, and managerial performance, emphasizing its significance for effective human resource management.

Keywords: Organizational Culture, Employee Personality, Managerial Performance, Knowledge Sharing, Human Resource Optimization
Prophetic Business Orientation in Corporate Law Efforts to Incorporate Aspects of Divinity and Justice in Business Law
Authors: Sadnyini Ida Ayu , Kurniawan I Gede Agus
Published: December 2023

This article explores the integration of prophetic business orientation, which combines religious and ethical values into corporate law, in the context of globalized modern economics. It employs a normative research methodology and legislative approach, analyzing the incorporation of values like transparency, ethics, and religious principles in Indonesian corporate law. The study reveals challenges related to legal uncertainty, corruption, unequal access to justice, and gender inequality in the workplace. Legal reforms and improved law enforcement are vital to promote ethical values and justice in contemporary business practices.
Highlights:

Ethics in Business: The study explores the concept of prophetic business orientation, emphasizing the integration of ethical and religious values into corporate law.
Multi-Faceted Implementation: It highlights the diverse aspects involved in the implementation of prophetic business orientation, from transparency to environmental sustainability.
Challenges and Necessity for Change: The research underscores the challenges, including legal uncertainty and corruption, and the need for legal reforms to promote ethical values and justice in modern business practices.

Keywords: Prophetic Business Orientation, Corporate Law, Ethical Integration, Values in Business, Legal Reforms
Individual Corporations in Indonesia: Fostering Economic Growth and Fairness through Simplified Business Formation
Authors: Faried Femmy Silaswaty , Putri Hanuring Ayu Ardhani , Arum Dyah Ayu Sekar , Az-Zahra Shaffanisa Alivia
Published: December 2023

In the pursuit of an organized and conducive business environment, the Indonesian government has ratified the Job Creation Law, introducing a legal concept of Individual Corporations for small and medium-sized entrepreneurs (UMK). This normative study employs a conceptual approach through Economic Analysis of Law, using primary, secondary, and non-legal materials to analyze the implications and orientation of this policy. The research findings suggest that the implementation of Individual Corporations, requiring only one founder or shareholder for establishment, leads to ease in creation and expansion of micro-small businesses, potentially impacting the ease of doing business index positively. This policy also fosters a proportionately growing, fair national economic structure, and is expected to enhance employment opportunities. The introduction of Individual Corporations represents a significant change in Indonesia's corporate law, aligning with national goals to improve investment conditions.Highlights: Introduction of Individual Corporations requiring only one founder simplifies business formation. Positive impact on the ease of doing business index and alignment with national investment goals. Fosterment of a proportionate, growing, and fair economic structure, enhancing employment opportunities. Keywords: Individual Corporations, Economic Growth, Small Entrepreneurs, Business Formation
Access and politics of higher education for refugees: Comparative contexts from Uganda and Ethiopia
Authors: Woldegiorgis Emnet Tadesse , Monari Kennedy
Published: December 2023

An intricate mesh of factors hampers students from refugee backgrounds from accessing and having success in higher education (HE). The paper examines HE within a broader framework of refugee education and the future politics of its provision. Much research is done on refugee children and youth in schooling contexts, but less is known about students from refugee backgrounds in HE. According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), an estimated 65 million people are currently displaced, of whom over 21 million meet refugee status criteria. Nevertheless, only five percent of this group has access to HE. Thus, access to HE and the success of students from refugee backgrounds are central to the discussion on the future of HE. The paper provides a comparative overview of difficulties regarding access to HE for refugee students in Uganda and Ethiopia, highlighting policy and settlement issues in their legislative and political contexts. It also interrogates students’ coping mechanisms, exploring their experiences through interviews. The study uses secondary data, document analysis, and interviews with a total of 30 students from refugee backgrounds, fifteen from Makerere University in Uganda and fifteen from Addis Ababa University in Ethiopia.
Sobrepeso, obesidad y consumo de azúcares en población escolar y adolescente de México. Ensanut 2020-2022
Authors: Shamah-Levy Teresa , Gaona-Pineda Elsa B , Rodríguez-Ramírez Sonia , Morales-Ruan Carmen , Cuevas-Nasu Lucía , Méndez-Gómez-Humarán Ignacio , Valenzuela-Bravo Danae G , Ávila-Arcos Marco Antonio
Published: December 2023

Objetivo. Analizar la asociación de la contribución de los azúcares con sobrepeso y obesidad (Sp+Ob) en población escolar y adolescente. Material y métodos. En una muestra de 2 844 escolares y adolescentes de 5 a 19 años se determinó el estado de Sp+Ob según los patrones de crecimiento de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, así como el consumo de azúcares totales, añadidos e intrínsecos (%kcal/día) con información de un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos. Se estimó la probabilidad ajustada de presentar Sp+Ob mediante modelos de regresión logística con interacción entre el consumo de azúcares y la condición de bienestar. Resultados. La prevalencia de Sp+Ob fue del 41% en la población de 5 a 19 años y más de 60% excedió el límite recomendado de consumo de azúcares añadidos del 10% de energía; las bebidas endulzadas fueron el grupo que más contribuyó a este consumo elevado. La probabilidad de presentar Sp+Ob a mayores consumos de azúcar añadido fue significativamente mayor en el tercil alto de condición de bienestar (0.59) vs. el bajo (0.30). Conclusiones. El Sp+Ob y el consumo de azúcares añadidos son elevados en la población de 5 a 19 años en México. Se requiere fortalecer, focalizar y diversificar las estrategias de atención a estos problemas considerando las diferencias sociodemográficas de la población.
New Benchmarks on Protocol Amendment Experience in Oncology Clinical Trials
Authors: Botto Emily , Smith Zachary , Getz Kenneth
Published: December 2023

Background The drug development industry’s focus on cancer-related treatments continues to rise; however, narrow patient populations and complex procedures have increased the complexity of oncology protocols at an accelerated rate compared to non-oncology drugs. Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development utilized data from a study investigating the impact of protocol amendments to compare how oncology clinical trials differ from non-oncology and identify opportunities to optimize performance in oncology clinical trials.Methods Sixteen drug development industry companies contributed data from 950 protocols and 2,188 amendments to a study conducted in 2022 investigating protocol amendments. Analysis compared differences in amendment impact and causes between 249 oncology and 701 non-oncology protocols.Results Compared to non-oncology, oncology protocols had a significantly higher prevalence (72.1% and 91.1%, respectively) and number (3.0 and 4.0, respectively) of protocol amendments. Oncology protocols with amendments had significantly lower participant completion rates compared to oncology protocols without amendments, while no significant differences were found among non-oncology. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the study found an increased number of substantial amendments, lower completion rates, and higher dropout rates among oncology protocols compared to before the pandemic.Conclusions Efforts to prevent avoidable protocol amendments in the industry have not been effective in oncology, where increasingly complex designs are reflected in difficult to predict cycle times, barriers to recruitment and retention and an increase in protocol amendments.
CAF-related miR-642a-3p supports the migration, invasion, and EMT of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting SERPINE1
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Cao Gang , Shen Shuijie , Wu Yu , Tan Xiying , Jiang Xiaoyan
Published: December 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most deadly malignancies. Due to the late detection of HCC, the treatment are not satisfactory, accompanied by poor prognosis. Therefore, early detection has important value for HCC treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), the intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment, are widely accepted as molecular markers of HCC. However, there are few studies on miRNAs involved in the crosstalk between cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) and HCC cells. In the study, transcriptome sequencing, siRNA, co-culture, reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), western blot, dual-luciferase reporter system, and xenograft tumor model, were used to explore the role of miR-642a-3p/SERPINE1 axis in HCC progression. The results showed that in co-culture with CAF, the expression of SERPINE1 mRNA decreased, whereas miR-642a-3p expression increased in Huh7 cells. SERPINE1 knockdown significantly enhanced the invasion ability and increased miR-642a-3p expression in Huh7 cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay discovered that miR-642a-3p had a binding effect with SERPINE1, suggesting that SERPINE1 was a target of miR-642a-3p. In addition, miR-642a-3p mimics inhibited SERPINE1 expression and promoted the migration, invasion, and EMT of Huh7 cells, whereas miR-642a-3p inhibitor had the opposite effect. More importantly, miR-642a-3p knockdown inhibited the proliferation and spread of xenograft tumors in the liver. miR-642a-3p knockdown significantly inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in the liver. These findings reveal that the miR-642a-3p/SERPINE1 axis plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of HCC, and can be used as a novel therapeutic target for HCC.
Tracking magma pathways and surface faulting in the Southwest Rift Zone and the Koaʻe fault system (Kīlauea volcano) using photogrammetry and structural observations
Authors: Mannini Stefano , Ruch Joël , Hazlett Richard W. , Downs Drew T. , Parcheta Carolyn E. , Lundblad Steven P. , Anderson James L. , Perroy Ryan , Oestreicher Nicolas
Published: December 2023

Volcanic islands are often subject to flank instability, resulting from a combination of magma intrusions along rift zones, gravitational spreading and extensional faulting observed at the surface. Here we study the Kīlauea volcano in Hawaiʻi, one of the most active volcanoes on Earth, prone to flank instability. Two rift zones and the Koaʻe fault system are major structures controlling volcano flank instability and magma propagation. The connection between surface faulting and magma intrusions at depth is poorly studied despite the importance of faults in controlling magma pathways and forecasting future eruptions. In March 2022, we completed a helicopter photogrammetric survey covering part of the south flank of Kīlauea. We generated a high-resolution DEM (~ 8 cm) and orthomosaic (~ 4 cm) to map the fracture field in detail. We also collected ~ 1000 ground structural measurements of extensional fractures during our three field missions (2019, 2022, 2023) to better understand the kinematics of the Kīlauea’s south flank. In our analysis, we include many small, interconnected grabens, monoclines, rollover structures, and en-echelon fractures that were in part previously undocumented. Additionally, we estimate the cumulative displacement across the Koaʻe fault system during the last 600 years and found an average of 6 cm and 3 cm per year for vertical and horizontal directions, respectively, consistent with short-term GNSS data. These data provide a clearer picture of the structural linkages between the fault zone, which is largely a tectonic feature, and the rift zones, which are largely magmagenic. Finally, we propose a kinematic model of Kīlauea’s south flank suggesting a clockwise rotation and translation of a triangular wedge in response to the gravitational spreading and the nearby rift zones.
Forecasting the ecological footprint of G20 countries in the next 30 years
Authors: Eufrasio-Espinosa Rafael , Koh Lenny
Published: December 2023

The Ecological Footprint evaluates the difference between the availability of renewable resources and how much of these resources humans consume. During the last few decades, historical records show an accelerated decline in resource availability. Based on the national footprint and biocapacity accounts, this analysis aims to further develop the forecasting of the G20 countries' ecological footprint over a 30-year time frame. We used a time series forecasting approach implemented in Python, considering modular regression (Prophet) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA & Auto-ARIMA) methods, and evaluated and combined the performance of the three methods. The results showed that within the largest economies of the G20, only four countries will have a positive footprint balance by 2050, with a common denominator of large land areas and a moderate projection of population growth. However, the general trend of the indicator shows that it will continue to decline.
Evaluation of Four Deep Learning-Based Postoperative Survival Prediction Models for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on SEER
Authors: Cao Guangwen , Jing Chunxia , Liu Wenbin , Wang Weijun , Yang Zhiyu , Zeng Huixian , Niu Zheyun
Published: December 2023

Accurate prognosis prediction is crucial for treatment decisions in HCC patients, but there is limited research investigating the combination of deep learning with time-to-event analysis. This study assessed four models, including deep learning survival neural network (DeepSurv), neural multi-task logistic regression model (N-MTLR), random survival forest (RSF), and traditional Cox proportional hazards (Cox-PH) models in predicting postoperative survival in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Utilizing data from the US SEER database 2004–2015 to, extract and analyze 5420 patients’ baseline demographic and tumor characteristics. The fellow was randomly divided into a training set and an internal testing set in a ratio of 8:2. Four algorithms were employed to build the predictive models after variable selection and was internally validated using metrics such as Harrell's concordance index (C-index), Brier Score, Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROC) curve, and calibration curve. DeepSurv, N-MTLR, RSF exhibited greater robustness compared to traditional Cox-PH models. These models aid in identifying patients who can benefit from HCC surgery and facilitates early intervention and the reliability of individual treatment recommendations.
Single cell spatial transcriptomics reveals distinct patterns of dysregulation in non-neuronal and neuronal cells induced by the Trem2R47H Alzheimer’s risk gene mutation
Authors: Johnston Kevin , Berackey Bereket B , Tran Kristine Minh , Gelber Alon , Yu Zhaoxia , MacGregor Grant , Mukamel Eran A , Tan Zhiqun , Green Kim , Xu Xiangmin
Published: December 2023

INTRODUCTIONThe R47H missense mutation of the TREM2 gene is a strong risk factor for development of Alzheimer’s Disease. We investigate cell-type-specific spatial transcriptomic changes induced by theTrem2R47Hmutation to determine the impacts of this mutation on transcriptional dysregulation.METHODSWe profiled 15 mouse brain sections consisting of wild-type,Trem2R47H, 5xFAD andTrem2R47H; 5xFAD genotypes using MERFISH spatial transcriptomics. Single-cell spatial transcriptomics and neuropathology data were analyzed using our custom pipeline to identify plaque andTrem2R47Hinduced transcriptomic dysregulation.RESULTSTheTrem2R47Hmutation induced consistent upregulation ofBdnfandNtrk2across many cortical excitatory neuron types, independent of amyloid pathology. Spatial investigation of genotype enriched subclusters identified spatially localized neuronal subpopulations reduced in 5xFAD andTrem2R47H; 5xFAD mice.CONCLUSIONSpatial transcriptomics analysis identifies glial and neuronal transcriptomic alterations induced independently by 5xFAD andTrem2R47Hmutations, impacting inflammatory responses in microglia and astrocytes, and activity and BDNF signaling in neurons.
Close negative correlation of local and circulating Dickkopf-1 and Sclerostin levels during human fracture healing
Authors: Starlinger Julia , Santol Jonas , Kaiser Georg , Sarahrudi Kambiz
Published: December 2023

Objective
This study investigates the role of Wnt signaling in human fracture healing by examining local and circulating levels of Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) and its association with sclerostin (SOST).
Methods
This study includes 69 patients who underwent surgical stabilization of long bone fractures, with six experiencing impaired healing. Patient data on factors influencing DKK1 and SOST were recorded. DKK1 and SOST concentrations were measured at the fracture site and in circulation using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results
A negative correlation between DKK1 and SOST was observed. Immediately after trauma and in the fracture hematoma, DKK1 levels decreased significantly, while SOST levels increased compared to healthy controls. Postoperatively, DKK1 peaked at week 2, and SOST peaked at week 8, demonstrating a negative correlation. Age and smoking influenced the DKK1-SOST balance, while type 2 diabetes and sex showed no impact. In younger patients (< 50 years), non-union was associated with early postoperative elevation of SOST without compensatory DKK1 decrease.
Conclusion
The study highlights the inverse correlation and rapid dynamics of DKK1 and SOST during human fracture healing. The findings support the idea that dual-blockade of DKK1 and SOST could be essential for the therapeutic efficacy of Wnt-targeted therapies in fracture healing.
Sleep and ultramarathon: exploring patterns, strategies, and repercussions of 1,154 mountain ultramarathons finishers
Authors: Kishi Anthony , Millet Guillaume , Desplan Matthieu , Lemarchand Bruno , Bouscaren Nicolas
Published: December 2023

Background Sleep and physical performance are strongly related and mutually influence each other. Athletes, particularly in disciplines like offshore sailing and ultra-endurance sports, often suffer from sleep deprivation due to factors like irregular training times, travel, and the extended duration of events like 100-mile mountain races. Despite growing interest in sleep's role in sports science, few studies have specifically investigated the sleep patterns of ultramarathon runners. This study aimed to investigate sleep patterns and sleep management strategies in ultramarathons, and the repercussions of sleep deprivation during and after races.Results A total of 1,154 finishers from two ultramarathons (a 165 km race with 9,576 m positive elevation; 2018 finish time [23:18:48–66:04:00], and a 111 km race with 6,433 m elevation ; [15:34:56 − 41:54:16]) were enrolled and completed an e-survey post-race. The results revealed that 58% of the runners reported implementing sleep management strategies before or during the race. Most runners began the race with some level of sleep debt (-50 minutes a week before the race). During the races, 77% of runners slept, with the cumulative sleep duration varying based on race duration and the number of nights spent on the race (76 min at 165 km and 27 min at 111 km). Short naps lasting less than 30 min were the most popular strategy. The prevalence of symptoms attributed to sleep deprivation during the race was high (80%), with reported falls and hallucinations. After the race, runners reported recovering a normal state of wakefulness relatively quickly (within two days); 22% believed that sleep deprivation during the race increased the risk of accidents in everyday life.Conclusion This study provides valuable insights into sleep patterns and strategies in ultramarathon running and emphasizes the importance of adequate sleep management for performance and post-race recovery.
A Consideration of Viable Mineral Phases in Modeling Pit Lake Chemogenesis
Authors: Davis Andy , Lengke Maggy , Sims Nate , Roth Martin
Published: December 2023

Mine permitting requires an analysis of reasonably forseeable impacts. In pit lake models, precipitates may be invoked which reduce dissolved aqueous concentrations, and thereby perceived groundwater impacts in the event of a throughflow pit lake after mine closure. The phases selected by modelers are generally based on geochemical theory rather than empirical data, and there is little information on the phases that actually precipitate in USA pit lakes. This paper focuses on the mineralogy of the former acidic Liberty pit pond mineral assemblage, predominantly amorphous ferric hydroxide and gypsum, while the former pH-neutral Cortez pit pond sediment contained barite, with biogenic calcite replacing the vascular cavities of horsetail with Ba, Mg, Mn and Zn in solid solution. Floc collected from the once-acidic, now pH neutral Lone Tree pit lake profile demonstrated trona dissolution with precipitation of an amorphous Fe, Al and Ca solid, with attendant As, Mn and Zn. Based on these data, appropriate authigenic precipitates in predictive pit lake studies should generally be constrained to amorphous, poorly crystalline solids, with reliance on exotic mineral phases appearing unwarranted.
Analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block with or without rectus sheath block in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Yoon Jung-Pil , Kim Hee Young , Jung Jieun , Lee Ji-Min , Park Seyeon , Byeon Gyeong-Jo
Published: December 2023

Background
Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is commonly used for pain control in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, significant pain persists, affecting patient recovery and sleep quality on the day of surgery. We compared the analgesic effect of ultrasound-guided TAP block with or without rectus sheath (RS) block in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy using the visual analog scale (VAS) scores.
Methods
88 American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status I-III patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were divided into two groups. RS-TAP group received right lateral and right subcostal TAP block, and RS block with 0.2% ropivacaine (30 mL); Bi-TAP group received bilateral and right subcostal TAP block with same amount of ropivacaine. The primary outcome was visual analogue scale (VAS) for 48 h postoperatively. Secondary outcomes included the use of rescue analgesics, cumulative intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) consumption, patient satisfaction, sleep quality, and incidence of adverse events.
Results
There was no significant difference in VAS score between two groups for 48 h postoperatively. We found no difference between the groups in any of the secondary outcomes: the use of rescue analgesics, consumption of IV-PCA, patient satisfaction with postoperative pain control, sleep quality, and the incidence of postoperative adverse events.
Conclusion
Both RS-TAP and Bi-TAP blocks provided clinically acceptable pain control in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, although there was no significant difference between two combination blocks in postoperative analgesia or sleep quality.
Endocrine sequelae after pediatric craniopharyngioma treatment: a single-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Papy Marie , Jacobs Sandra , Rochtus Anne
Published: December 2023

Introduction:
Craniopharyngiomas (CP) are rare brain tumors with a low mortality rate, but with significant morbidity, in part due to the various long-term endocrine sequelae related to hypothalamic/pituitary deficiencies. Our objective was to assess the prevalence of endocrine dysfunction and outcome after treatment of CP at our institution and to apply the novel diagnostic criteria for hypothalamic syndrome (HS). In addition, we give an overview of treatments already attempted for hypothalamic obesity (HO).
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included children treated and followed up for CP at the pediatric oncology and endocrinology department at University Hospitals Leuven between January 2000 and December 2020. Clinical and endocrine characteristics were collected during a 5-year period following diagnosis of CP. The Müller radiological criteria and the novel diagnostic criteria for HS were applied. A brief literature review regarding treatments already attempted for HO was conducted.
Results
Fifteen patients were included and all of them developed endocrine sequalae over time, with 7 patients (47%) experiencing failure of at least one endocrine axis at diagnosis of CP and 7 patients (47%) developing panhypopituitarism. The diagnosis of HO was clinically made in 8 patients (54%). Ten patients (67%) met the diagnostic criteria for HS. Although novel therapeutic approaches provide promising perspectives, no therapy for HO in children has been proven to be effective.
Conclusion
Long-term pituitary deficiencies and HO after pediatric CP are highly prevalent. Continuing multidisciplinary care to improve the quality of life of these patients is necessary. International cooperation and further long-term prospective trials for the treatment of HO are needed.
Insight into the Action Mechanism of Ce4+ Doping in Improving Cycling Stability of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 from Internal Stress and Structure Stability
Authors: Zhang Jian , Li Haiyao , Huang Hui , Gao Chao
Published: December 2023

The higher requirements for power sources in electric vehicles promote the further research on high voltage cathode material LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4(LNMO), especially for its cycle stability. As previously reported, doping has achieved some promotion in enhancing cycle stability, but little attention paid to the side effects on the change of internal stress induced by the diﬀerences in ionic radius between Mn4+ and doping elements, leading to the little cognitive advances in enhancement mechanism. Thus, in this paper, Ce4+ ion was chosen as the research subject, the effect of Ce4+ doping on the internal stress change was investigated through monitoring lattice parameter changes by in-situ XRD. In addition, the content of Ce4+ doping on electrochemical property was explored, the results exhibit that LNMCO-0.01 shows superior cycling stability compared with LNMO for its better crystal structure stability during cycle process, as demonstrated by SEM and TEM. For example, under 10C the 1000th discharge capacity is 88.2 mAh·g-1 much larger than that of LNMO (73.5 mAh·g-1). This work provides new perspectives for chosing doping element for cathode material in improving its cycling stability, which may contribute a lot to the further application of high voltage LNMO as cathode material in LIBs.
Surgery Challenges and Postoperative Complications of Lung Cancer after Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy: A Cohort Study
Authors: Bai Guangyu , Chen Xiaowei , Peng Yue , Ji Ying , Bie Fenglong , Liu Yang , Yang Zhenlin , Gao Shugeng
Published: December 2023

Background
In China, real-world data on surgical challenges and postoperative complications after neoadjuvant immunotherapy of lung cancer is limited.
Methods
Patients were retrospectively enrolled from January 2018 to January 2023, whose clinical and pathological characters were subsequently analyzed. Surgical difficulty was categorized into a binary classification, namely challenging or routine. Postoperative complications were graded using Clavien-Dindo grades. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors affecting the duration of surgery and postoperative complications greater than Clavien-Dindo grade 2.
Results
In total, 261 patients were included. Of these, phase Ⅲ patients accounted for 62.5% (163/261) at initial diagnosis, with 25.3% (66/261) at phase ⅢB. Central-type NSCLC accounts for 61.7% (161/261). One hundred forty patients underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, and lobectomy accounts for 53.3% (139/261) of patients. Challenging surgeries account for 43.7%. The postoperative complications rate of 261 patients was only 22.2%. Smoking history (OR = 9.96, CI:1.15–86.01, P = 0.03), chemoimmunotherapy (OR = 2.89, CI:1.22–6.86, P = 0.02), and conversion to open surgery (OR = 11.3, CI:1.38–92.9, P = 0.02) were identified as independent risk factors for challenging surgeries, while pneumonectomy (OR = 0.36, CI:0.15–0.86, P = 0.02) a protective factor. Meanwhile, pneumonectomy (OR = 7.51, CI:2.40-23.51, P < 0.01) and challenging surgeries (OR = 5.53, CI:1.50-20.62, P = 0.01) were found to be risk factors for postoperative complications greater than Clavien-Dindo grade 2.
Conclusions
Compared to immunotherapy alone or in combination with apatinib, neoadjuvant immunotherapy could increase the difficulty of surgery while the incidence of postoperative complications remains acceptable.
High-Performance Wearable Supercapacitors with the Enhanced Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activity of Poly(o-phenylenediamine)/Mn 3O4 Composite
Authors: S. Darshini K. , Chakraborty Sohini , Sam Dona Mary , L. Mary N.
Published: December 2023

The development of flexible and wearable supercapacitors (SCs) has recently garnered a lot of attention owing to their ease of fabrication, low cost, flexible integration into textiles, long cycle life, fast charging and discharging, high efficiency and ability to bridge the energy and power gap between conventional capacitors and batteries. The present study focuses on the functionalization of Poly(o-phenylenediamine) with green-synthesized manganese oxide nanoparticles. They were characterized using spectroscopic techniques such as UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform-Infrared spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction studies, and Scanning Electron Microscopy to confirm the incorporation of metal oxide nanoparticles into the polymer matrix. Thermal analysis was performed using Thermogravimetry Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry to analyse the thermal stability. The electrochemical performance of these materials was studied using cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, and impedance spectroscopy techniques. A large specific capacitance of 213 Fg-1 was achieved at a current density of 1 Ag-1 for the polymer nanocomposite and a capacitance retention of 89% even after 1000 cycles. These materials also exhibited enhanced antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity, thereby enabling them to function as wearable supercapacitor devices.
Do more pregnancies increase the risk of periodontal disease?
Authors: Aljoghaiman Eman , H. Helmi
Published: December 2023

Background Periodontal disease is multifactorial. Although the dental biofilm initiates periodontal disease, the progression of the disease depends on several local and systemic factors. Hormonal changes in pregnancy and their induced effect on periodontal health are well documented. However, the effect of multiple pregnancies on the periodontal tissue is lacking and not well reported in the literature. The present study is aimed at the potential repercussions of multiple pregnancies on periodontal health. Materials and methods The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) is a comprehensive, cross-sectional survey conducted in the United States. Our study utilized data from key sections of the NHANES. All the pertaining and relevant data for the study is collected. Our exposure variable was the number of pregnancies and the outcome variable was periodontal disease. The number of pregnancies is classified as one, two, three, four, or more. Age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, poverty/income ratio, marital status, occupation, smoking habits, alcohol consumption, dental insurance coverage, dental visit frequency, and body mass index (BMI)are considered covariate variables and recorded appropriately. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were employed to assess the impact of multiple pregnancies on periodontal disease. The multiple regression model included age, sex, race, income, and education level as explanatory variables. The selection of these potential confounders was based on either current literature evidence or their association with insurance and dental care utilization variables observed in bivariate analysis. Result The crude and multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that none of the variables were significantly associated with the prevalence of periodontitis. In univariate analysis, patients with two pregnancies had higher odds of experiencing periodontitis (OR 1.154, 95% CI 0.748–1.779), and those with one pregnancy had odds of having periodontitis (OR 1.464, 95% CI 0.864–2.483). However, these associations did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion Within the limitation of the study, there is no significant relationship between parity and the prevalence of periodontitis, the longitudinal study may be warranted to delve deeper into any potential associations.
Immune Dysfunction and Systemic Inflammatory infiltration Exist in Neuronal Intranuclear Inclusion Disease
Authors: Bao Lei , Zuo Dandan , Qu Xiaoying , Cui Yingying , Li Keke , Dong Jing , Chen Renjin , Zhang Zunsheng , Cui Guiyun , Chen Hao
Published: December 2023

Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is primarily recognized as a neurodegenerative disorder due to the production of a neurotoxicity protein, uN2CpolyG. However, evidence suggests its systemic nature, prompting an exploration of the immune and systemic inflammatory aspects of NIID in this study. A cohort of 32 diagnosed NIID patients participated in a comprehensive study involving clinical presentations, and tissue specimen analyses. Peripheral blood monocyte cells (PBMCs) were collected to detect uN2CpolyG expression in NIID patients by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting. NIID patients showed varied neurological and extra-neurological symptoms alongside systemic inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, including ulcerative colitis, Sjögren's syndrome, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, and IgA nephropathy. 19 previous tissue specimens from these patients displayed evidence of inflammatory cell infiltration. Notably, our observations unveiled the novel presence of eosinophilic inclusions within the nuclei of these infiltrating inflammatory cells, primarily concentrated in mononuclear cells. Additionally, uN2CpolyG aggregates, identified as ubiquitin-positive inclusions, were detected in peripheral blood monocyte cells (PBMCs) from NIID patients for the first time, contrasting with the weak signal observed without inclusions in the control group. The detection of uN2CpolyG as a 30 to 40 kDa protein in the PBMCs from three NIID patients further supports our findings. This study highlights NIID's systemic nature, emphasizing immune dysfunction and systemic inflammatory infiltration. The detection of uN2CpolyG aggregates in the PBMCs of NIID patients suggests that it may have a toxic potential and alter the immune response of these cells.
Characterization of a Perturbed Skin Microbiome in Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Keum Hye Lim , Sul Woo Jun , Kim Suyeon , Chung In-Young , Koh Ara , Kim Hei Sung
Published: December 2023

Increasing amount of evidence links dysbiosis to various human disease states, which includes cancer. This study aimed to examine the skin microbiome in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and compare it with that of the healthy-looking skin within the same individual to identify skin cancer-associated changes in the skin microbiome. We performed high resolution analysis of full-length 16S rRNA amplicons, and utilized both skin swabs and biopsy samples which were analyzed separately and altogether. Sequencing of the total 56 samples identified the most abundant species as C. acnes which was significantly more prevalent in Control (biopsy dataset; combined dataset) than in BCC. Random Forest analysis identified 24 microbes that discriminated BCC with C. acnes being the most discriminative taxa (G = 2.08). Using PICRUSt2, we observed diminishment of Vitamin B6 metabolism in the BCC lesions. Absolute quantification of Radical oxygenase of Propionibacterium acnes (roxP, a strong antioxidant unique for C. acnes ) gene by qPCR revealed a significant drop in the relative copy number of roxP to the 16S rRNA gene in the BCC lesion (swab samples, P < 0.05). Our study identified transitional microbial dysbiosis form healthy skin to BCC and support further investigation of how these microbes may influence skin cancer progression.
Accessory posterior cerebral artery (hyperplastic anterior choroidal artery) associated with contralateral accessory middle cerebral artery incidentally diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography
Authors: Uchino Akira , Irie Tadanobu
Published: December 2023

Purpose
To describe a case of accessory posterior cerebral artery (PCA) [hyperplastic anterior choroidal artery (AChA)] associated with contralateral accessory middle cerebral artery (MCA) incidentally diagnosed by magnetic resonance (MR) angiography.
Methods
A 71-year-old man with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation underwent cranial MR imaging and MR angiography of the intracranial region using a 1.5-T scanner for the evaluation of brain and vascular lesions.
Results
On MR angiography, two right PCAs of equal size arose from the internal carotid artery instead of the basilar artery. Additionally, a small left MCA branch arose from the proximal A2 segment of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA).
Conclusion
One of the branches of the PCA rarely arises from the AChA. This variation is referred to as a hyperplastic AChA or accessory PCA. The latter name was recently proposed and may be more appropriate than the former name. An MCA branch arising from the ACA is called an accessory MCA. It is a frontal branch of two types: proximal-origin and distal-origin. The distal-origin accessory MCA arises from the distal A1 segment, A1-A2 junction or proximal A2 segment. Distal-origin accessory MCAs are rare. Our patient had two rare variations: an accessory right PCA and a distal-origin accessory left PCA. To identify cerebral arterial variations, especially accessory MCA, volume-rendering images are more useful than maximum-intensity projection images on MR angiography.
Advanced chronic rheumatic heart disease is associated with substantial myocardial and valvular fibrosis on cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Authors: Aremu Olukayode O. , Samuels Petronella , Jermy Stephen , Lumngwena Evelyn N. , Mutithu Daniel W. , Familusi Mary , Herbert Estelle , Speelman Aladdin , Skatulla Sebastian , Ntusi Ntobeko A.B.
Published: December 2023

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a major public health concern, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, with a reported 33.4 million cases globally and 319,400 annual deaths. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is a reliable non-invasive technique that detects fibrosis and inflammation in cardiovascular diseases. We assessed myocardial tissue characteristics in chronic RHD using multiparametric CMR. Forty-seven (47) patients with severe, advanced RHD booked for valve replacement surgery, diagnosed on echocardiography, and matched with thirty healthy controls, were scanned using a 3T Siemens Magnetom Skyra. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, CMR findings including late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), T1 mapping and ECV measurements were reported. Mean age of patients was 42 ± 12.8 years; 62% (39 ± 12.1 years) female. LGE CMR detected focal myocardial fibrosis in 100% of RHD patients vs. 7% of controls (p < 0.001). In all RHD patients, LGE involving all segments was observed. Patterns of LGE were linear (26%), patchy (36%) and diffuse (38%). We also report elevated mean native T1 (p < 0.004) and ECV (p < 0.001) in all RHD patients compared to controls, respectively. Myocardial fibrosis is abundant in patients with severe, chronic RHD. CMR can be utilised for non-invasive diagnosis of fibrosis and for tracking of disease progression.
Block of coconut fiber and peanut shell agglomerated with cement
Authors: Echeverría-Maggi Eddie , Vásconez Andrés Vásconez , Viña-Buestán Manuel , Dueñas-Barberán Maria Eugenia
Published: December 2023

The elaboration of a masonry block reinforced with coconut fiber and peanut shells is the focus of this research work. The fibers are obtained after the harvest, which, due to poor management of the disposal of these agricultural residues , pollute the environment by their free decomposition and open burning, producing greenhouse gases. This sustainable material formation will also contribute to reducing the carbon footprint produced by buildings during their lifetime , which requires a high consumption of energy and raw materials. Three 10 cm x 20 cm test cylinders were made, composed of coconut fiber and peanut shells agglomerated with cement, which were submerged in water for 28 days for curing, of which the best compressive strength was 20.33 kg/cm2.
Analysing the demographics and adherence to topical eye drops among Ghana glaucoma patients attending a deprived eye-care centre
Authors: Tasiame Esther Fafali , Kweku Margaret , Gmanyami Jonathan Mawutor , Maalman Raymond Saa-Eru , Ali Mahamudu Ayamba
Published: December 2023

Background Glaucoma describes a group of ocular disorders with multi-factorial aetiology characterised by raised intraocular pressure and associated optic neuropathy. Globally, it is the leading cause of irreversible blindness. Several studies on clients’ adherence to medications have shown that many clients do not adhere to medication regimens, and this is a significant factor leading to the various complications of the disease. This study determined the factors that influenced the adherence of glaucoma patients to topical eye drops in Ho Teaching Hospital (HTH).Methods This cross-sectional study involved glaucoma patients aged 18 years and above on topical eye drops who attended the eye clinic of HTH. The questionnaires administered obtained data from the patients and exported to STATA version 16 for cleaning and analysis at a significant level of 0.05.Results More than half (59.7%), 25.8% (32) and only 14.5% (18) showed low, moderate, and high adherence, respectively. There was a significant association between clients’ response to glaucoma leading to blindness, glaucoma treatment preventing complications and adherence (χ2 = 6.25, p = 0.044) and (χ2 = 6.26, p = 0.044), respectively. The length of glaucoma medication usage (χ = 25.29, p = 0.001), number of drugs (χ 2 = 15.25, p = 0.002), distance from the place of residence to the hospital (x2 = 10.02, p = 0.007), coming for regular review (x2 = 33.81, p = < 0.001) and number of times medication is applied to the eye per day (χ 2 = 15.95, p = 0.001) were statistically associated to adherence to glaucoma medication.Conclusion The level of adherence to medication among respondents was low. Factors influencing medication adherence included proximity to the health facility and reporting for regular reviews. Having glaucoma, being on medication over a more extended period and providing further clarification on the drug regimen influenced the adherence rate among respondents. We recommend that health workers offer detailed and clear instructions on instilling medication to improve glaucoma medication adherence.
Comparison of chest radiological findings between coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia and anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody- positive interstitial pneumonia by artificial intelligence-based quantitative computed tomography image analysis
Authors: Hamao Nobuyoshi , Ito Isao , Yamazoe Masatoshi , Hasegawa Yoshinori , Yamamoto Shungo , Emura Masahito , Endo Kazuo , Hirabayashi Masataka , Tanabe Naoya , Tanizawa Kiminobu , Handa Tomohiro , Nakashima Ran , Oi Issei , Shirata Masahiro , Nishioka Kensuke , Hirai Toyohiro
Published: December 2023

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia and anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive interstitial pneumonia (MDA5-IP) share many similarities; however, the treatment and management of the two diseases are different. In the early stages of developing a treatment plan, it is crucial to distinguish between the two diseases. This study was conducted to compare the radiological findings between COVID-19 pneumonia and MDA5-IP.
Methods
We recruited patients with COVID-19 pneumonia between January and June 2020. The control group comprised patients with MDA5-IP admitted between April 2013 and December 2019. Patients with thin-slice computed tomography (CT) images within 2 days of admission were enrolled. The CT images were analyzed using an artificial intelligence-based quantitative CT software program. Radiological findings were classified as faint ground-glass opacity (GGO), GGO, reticulation, consolidation, honeycombing, nodules, hyperlucency, or interlobular septum. The volumes of these radiological findings were compared between the two groups. A classification and regression tree algorithm was used to develop a prediction model to stratify the risk of COVID-19 pneumonia.
Results
We enrolled 72 and 15 patients in the COVID-19 pneumonia and MDA5-IP group, respectively. Faint GGO and consolidations were observed more extensively in patients with MDA5-IP. The prediction model was developed at cut-off values of faint GGO, < 30%; GGO, ≥ 10%, and consolidation < 1%. This prediction model contributed to changing post-test probability in 26% of cases.
Conclusion
The COVID-19 group showed fewer faint GGO and consolidation volumes than the MDA5-IP group. We developed a predictive model to stratify the risk of COVID-19 pneumonia.