bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organic Vegetable Crop Production in Controlled Environments Using Soilless Media
Authors: Rogers Mary A.
Published: May 2017

Organic vegetables produced in greenhouses and other controlled environments may fill a unique market niche as consumers demand local, high vegetables year round. However, limited technical information supports these production systems and more research is needed to provide recommendations for appropriate substrate mixes and nutrient management. Compost can be used as a substitute for peat-based media, and research results vary widely based on feedstock, compost method, and proportion used in mixes. Most studies consider compost in terms of peat-substitute or replacement and not as a source of fertility in soilless systems. Common challenges in using compost in soilless media are due to immaturity of the compost, poor water holding capacity, and unbalanced salinity and pH. It is possible to certify organic soilless production systems; however, the National Organic Program (NOP) of the U.S. Department of Agriculture has not yet provided clear rules and requirements supporting these systems. The objective of this article is to review the literature on soilless organic vegetable production, summarize results from the more widely studied topic of vegetable transplant production, and point to future research for organic agriculture.
Learning Preferences of Next Generation Hispanic/Latino Specialty Crop Growers
Authors: Baugher Tara , Estrada Montserrat Fonseca , Lowery Kelly , Contreras Héctor Núñez
Published: May 2017

A bicultural team of Penn State Extension professionals assessed educational method and learning style preferences of Hispanic/Latino stakeholders who aspire to be next generation specialty crop growers and specialized horticultural managers. During 2014–16, team members conducted and evaluated bilingual programs in various formats, including in-depth workshops, model demonstration plots, on-farm trainings and tours, fact sheets and field guides, and videos. Postprogram surveys indicated formats that provided opportunities for active learning of research-based information applicable to participant operations were most successful. Purposive surveys and interviews identified further ways to adapt extension outreach and education for next generation growers. The top-rated methods of learning for Hispanic/Latino growers were on-farm demonstrations and study circles, tours of other growers’ farms, self-paced on-line courses and videos, and interactive workshops. Factors Hispanic/Latino grower survey respondents felt limited them from participating in educational activities or using extension resources were timing of program, cost, and location. Survey participants suggested extension might improve education and engagement with Hispanic/Latino growers by increasing the use of social media in Spanish, holding educational programs specifically for Latino farmers to increase networking opportunities, and holding educational events at the farms of Latino growers.
Using Technology to Enhance Extension Education and Outreach
Authors: Barton Elizabeth T. , Barton Emily A. , Barton Susan , Boyer Cheryl R. , Brosnan Jim , Hill Paul , Hoyle Jared , Reid Judson , Seger Jamie , Stafne Eric
Published: May 2017

We held a technology session at the 2016 Annual Meeting of the American Society for Horticultural Science in Atlanta, GA, to provide guidance for technology choices in extension education and an opportunity to learn more about engaging new audiences, including the millennial generation (people born between 1982 and 2000). The use of technology is now an integral part of extension-client interaction. Presenters in the session gave examples of when technologies such as blogs, social media accounts, or web conferencing tools allowed extension personnel to increase engagement with online consumers and ultimately help fulfill extension’s mission of extending knowledge and changing lives. Effective engagement requires both educators and learners to be satisfied with the exchange. It is critical to monitor the quality of these digitally facilitated exchanges as compared with traditional face-to-face interactions. Additionally, it is possible to quantify digital engagement with readily available metrics, such as “retweets” (a reposted or forwarded message) or “likes” (indication an item is appreciated). These allow innovative and substantive reporting to further justify continued use of digital technologies for enhancing client-extension relations.
High‐Energy Resolution Fluorescence Detected X‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy: A Powerful New Structural Tool in Environmental Biogeochemistry Sciences
Authors: Proux Olivier , Lahera Eric , Del Net William , Kieffer Isabelle , Rovezzi Mauro , Testemale Denis , Irar Mohammed , Thomas Sara , Aguilar‐Tapia Antonio , Bazarkina Elena F. , Prat Alain , Tella Marie , Auffan Mélanie , Rose Jérôme , Hazemann Jean‐Louis
Published: May 2017

The study of the speciation of highly diluted elements by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is extremely challenging, especially in environmental biogeochemistry sciences. Here we present an innovative synchrotron spectroscopy technique: high‐energy resolution fluorescence detected XAS (HERFD‐XAS). With this approach, measurement of the XAS signal in fluorescence mode using a crystal analyzer spectrometer with a ∼1‐eV energy resolution helps to overcome restrictions on sample concentrations that can be typically measured with a solid‐state detector. We briefly describe the method, from both an instrumental and spectroscopic point of view, and emphasize the effects of energy resolution on the XAS measurements. We then illustrate the positive impact of this technique in terms of detection limit with two examples dealing with Ce in ecologically relevant organisms and with Hg species in natural environments. The sharp and well‐marked features of the HERFD–X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure spectra obtained enable us to determine unambiguously and with greater precision the speciation of the probed elements. This is a major technological advance, with strong benefits for the study of highly diluted elements using XAS. It also opens new possibilities to explore the speciation of a target chemical element at natural concentration levels, which is critical in the fields of environmental and biogeochemistry sciences.

Core Ideas

Study shows high‐resolution spectroscopic data for an improved speciation determination.

Speciation of trace elements down and below the μg g−1 level is shown.

Measurements are made in vivo or at natural concentration.
Progressive Collapse Assessment of the Steel Moment-frame with Composite Floor Slabs Based on Membrane Action and Energy Equilibrium
Authors: Shi Fengwei , Wang Lai , Dong Shuo
Published: May 2017

Background and Objective:

Progressive collapse resistance of the steel moment-frame with composite floor slabs can be assessed by sudden column loss scenarios. In order to investigate the progressive collapse-resistant capacity of the steel moment-frame with composite floor slabs, a simplified approach based on the theory of membrane action and energy equilibrium principle is presented, which assessed the behaviour of progressive collapse resistance of this frame subjected to the removal of a penultimate column via the static and dynamic analysis.

Mateial and Method:

The residual vertical bearing capacity model considering of the membrane action and tie force (TF) method of composite floor slabs is developed to evaluate the force mechanism of the composite floor slabs. An energy-based theoretical framework is proposed for calculating the maximum allowable dynamic demands based on the nonlinear static Pulldown analysis, which is used to explore the relationship between of dynamic and static response in the progressive collapse process. Furthermore, the finite element software SAP2000 is used to calculate the numerical example to verify the reliability of this simplified approach.

Results:

The results show that the composite floor slabs significantly improve the structural progressive collapse-resistant ability and this simplified approach evaluates the progressive collapse resistance of the whole structure effectively.

Conclusion:

The existence of the floor can increase the ductility of the structure, and increase the progressive collapse-resistant ability. The appropriate value of the DIF depends on the ductility and amount of inelastic action the structure would experience during the column removal scenario.
Role of Yoga in gastro-intestinal problems w.s.r. to Constipation (Vibandha) in geriatrics.
Authors: Satani Kishor G. , Raghvani Hemang , Raghvani Kunjal
Published: May 2017

Jararoga can be incorporated in Geriatrics in modern parlance which is a branch of medicine concerned especially with problems of ageing and diseases of elderly people. It tends to vary in different age groups by genetic factors, dietary habits, socio-economically conditions, life style, occurrence of diseases etc. Ayurveda has considered aged or elderly as Jara or Vardhakya, a natural disease. During this period of life, due to Dhatukshaya, Vatavriddhi etc., Vatika disorders related to Gastro-intestinal tract like indigestion, abdominal distention, flatulence, diarrhoea, joint pain, backache, tremors in limbs, Insomnia are common problems. Among these constipation (Vibandha) is commonly complained by every second elder person. So, to treat this problem completely various Yogic procedures which are economically almost free can be a good alternative to treat constipation holistically. Management of geriatric G.I.T. problems especially constipation by Yoga can be done in two ways, by Yogic Ahara and by Yogic Vihara as Acharya Charaka says “Ahara Sambhavam Vastu Roga Aahar Sambhava”. Yogic Vihara means by various Yogic Kriyas and Asanas like Surya-namaskar, Vajrasana, Pashchimotanasana, Dhanurasana, Pranayama, Pratyahara and various Agnisarakriyas through one can get control over Apana Vayu by correcting Jatharagni successfully.
Kupipakwa Rasayana: Unique Metalo-Mineral preparation
Authors: Khedekar Kishor , Barve Mayur , Khedekar Sanjay , Chondikar S.
Published: May 2017

Kupipakwa Rasayana is used as therapeutic agents in the Indian system of Medicine, Ayurveda. It is unique due to its method of preparation. Kupipakwa Rasayana are prepared in the specially designed device Valuka Yantra. Parada (Mercury) and Gandhaka (Sulphur) are the chief ingredients in this medicine along with other metals and minerals. These Kupipakwa Rasayana are used in the different disorders like Rajyakshma, Kushtha, Prameha, Arsha, Vatvikara etc. Here in the present study it was decided to screen and review its reported experimental efficacy studies. On screening, it was revealed that numerous Kupipakwa Rasayana showed significant anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, immune-modulatory, anti-hyperglycemic properties. The observed encouraging results shows the further scope for broad spectrum research era in Kupipakwa Rasayana.
Pengembangan digital book interaktif mata kuliah pengembangan multimedia pembelajaran interaktif untuk mahasiswa teknologi pendidikan
Authors: Mawarni Sella , Muhtadi Ali
Published: May 2017

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan: (1) menghasilkan produk digital book interaktif yang didesain untuk mata kuliah Pengembangan Multimedia Pembelajaran Interaktif untuk mahasiswa Teknologi Pendidikan FIP UNY, dan (2) mengetahui tingkat kelayakan produk yang dikembangkan. Metode penelitian ini mengacu pada model pengembangan Allesi & Trollip yang dikelompokkan atas tiga prosedur pengembangan, yakni: (a) planning, (b) design, dan (c) development yang dilengkapi dengan komponen atribut mencakup standards, ongoing evaluation, dan project management. Penelitian ini menghasilkan produk digital book interaktif berupa Compact Disk (CD) berserta buku petunjuk. Hasil skor penilaian kelayakan produk melalui uji alpha pada ahli materi sebesar 3,39 (sangat layak) dan pada ahli media sebesar 3,54 (sangat layak). Selanjutnya pada uji betha kelompok kecil diperoleh skor hasil penilaian sebesar 3,64 (sangat layak) dan pada kelompok besar sebesar 3,37 (sangat layak). Penilaian kelayakan produk pada aspek pembelajaran didukung oleh perolehan rerata skor hasil belajar mahasiswa dan hasil unjuk kerja mahasiswa sesuai capaian pembelajaran.Kata kunci: digital book interaktif, multimedia pembelajaran interaktif, mahasiswa Teknologi Pendidikan DEVELOPING INTERACTIVE DIGITAL BOOK FOR "THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA LEARNING COURSE" FOR EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY STUDENTSAbstractThis developmental research aims to: (1) develop an interactive digital book designed for the Development of Interactive Multimedia Learning course for Educational Technology students in faculty of science education Yogyakarta State University, and (2) reveal the feasibility of the developed product. This study refers to the developmental phases developed by Allesi & Trollip that was grouped into three development procedures, consisting of: (a) planning, (b) design, and (c) development that was equipped with component attributes including standards, ongoing evaluation, and project management. This research has produced interactive digital book in the form of Compact Disk (CD) along with manual. The results of the feasibility assessment scores of products through alpha testing on materials experts are 3.39 (very decent), and the media expert of 3.54 (very decent). Later, the betha test in the small group obtained an assessments score of 3.64 (very decent) and in the large group of 3.37 (very decent). The assessment of the feasibility of the product in the learning aspect is supported by the cognitive learning outcomes and of students performance according to the learning outcomes.Keywords: interactive digital book, interactive multimedia learning, Educational Technology students
Pengembangan multimedia pembelajaran interaktif berbentuk game untuk menstimulasi aspek kognitif dan bahasa
Authors: Widyatmojo Galih , Muhtadi Ali
Published: May 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menghasilkan produk multimedia pembelajaran interaktif berbentuk game, (2) mengetahui kelayakan produk multimedia pembelajaran interaktif, (3) mengetahui kebermanfaatan produk multimedia pembelajaran interaktif berbentuk game untuk menstimulasi aspek kognitif dan bahasa anak TK Kelompok B. Penelitian ini merupakan penilitian dan pengembangan (R&D) diadaptasi dari model Alessi dan Trollip. Prosedur pengembangan meliputi tahap perencanaan, desain, dan pengembangan. Pada uji alpha dilakukan penilaian oleh 2 ahli materi dan 2 ahli media untuk mengetahui kelayakan produk. Selanjutnya pada uji beta dilakukan terhadap 18 anak kelompok B5 sebagai subjek uji coba di TK Negeri 2 Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil sebagai berikut: (1) produk yang dihasilkan memiliki karakteristik sebagai berikut: game dapat digunakan untuk menstimulasi aspek kognitif dan bahasa yang sesuai dengan kurikulum sekolah, terdiri atas 4 jenis permainan, bersifat portable dan standalone, dapat berjalan dengan komputer spesifikasi rendah. (2) produk yang dihasilkan memenuhi kriteria sangat layak digunakan, (3) produk yang dihasilkan sangat layak digunakan untuk menstimulasi aspek kognitif dan bahasa anak TK Kelompok B ditinjau dari kebermanfaatan.Kata kunci: multimedia pembelajaran interaktif, game, kognitif dan bahasa DEVELOPING INTERACTIVE TEACHING MULTIMEDIA IN THE FORM OF GAMES TO STIMULATE THE COGNITIVE AND LINGUISTIC ASPECTS OF KINDERGARTEN STUDENTSAbstractThis research study is aimed to: (1) produce interactive teaching multimedia in the form of games kindergarten students, and (2) identify the appropriateness of the developed interactive teaching multimedia. (3) identify the usefulness of the the developed interactive teaching multimedia to stimulate the cognitive and linguistic aspects of group B.This study was a research and development (R&D) study adapting Alessi and Trollip’s model. The procedures of the study were planning, design, and development. In the alpha test, two materials experts and two media experts examined the product to determine its appropriateness. Then, in the beta test, 18 students of group B5 TK Negeri 2 Yogyakarta participated. The results of the study are as follows (1) The developed interactive teaching multimedia in the form of games have the following characteristics: the games can be used to stimulate the cognitive and linguistic aspects of the students,  they match the school curriculum, there are four kinds of game, they are portable and standalone, and they can be operated by computers with low specifications. (2) The developed interactive teaching multimedia in the form of games fulfill the appropriateness criterion so that they are appropriate to be used, (3) the developed interactive teaching multimedia are useful to stimulate the cognitive and lingustic aspects of Group B kindergarten students, viewed from its usefulness.Keywords: interactive teaching multimedia, game, cognitive and linguistic
Vigilancia tecnológica de plantas aromáticas: de la investigación a la consolidación de la agrocadena colombiana
Authors: Tofiño Rivera Adriana Patricia
Published: May 2017

El sector de plantas aromáticas, medicinales y
condimentarias reúne una amplia variedad de especies
nativas e introducidas con potencial agroindustrial.
Para contribuir al diagnóstico tecnológico del sector
en Colombia y brindar elementos de planificación
estratégica hacia mejores niveles de desarrollo e
internacionalización, se priorizaron ciertas especies
aromáticas en este artículo y se planteó una vigilancia
tecnología del 2004 al 2014. Se hizo una búsqueda
de artículos científicos y patentes en ocho bases
de datos en el ámbito nacional, iberoamericano y
mundial según temáticas priorizadas. Los datos se
procesaron mediante Microsoft Excel, EndNote,
Vantage Point (2014) y Thomson Data Analyzer.
A nivel nacional, la temática más registrada fue el
Abstract
The sector of aromatic, medicinal and seasoning
herbs brings together a wide variety of native and
introduced species with agroindustrial potential. In
order to contribute to the technological assessment
of the sector in Colombia and provide elements
of strategic planning towards higher levels of
development and internationalization. We prioritized
certain aromatic species in this article and a
technological surveillance was made during 2004-
2014. A searching scientific articles and patents was
made in eight national, iberoamericanand worldwide
databases according prioritized issues. Data processing
was performed using Microsoft Excel, EndNote,
Vantage Point (2014) Thomson Data Analyzer
programs. At National level, the planting material
material de siembra y el mejoramiento genético,
mientras que en Iberoamérica y el mundo, fue el
efecto biocida. Los países líderes en investigaciones
sobre las aromáticas vigiladas fueron Brasil, Colombia
y Cuba. A nivel internacional, los líderes en producción
científica en PubMed y Scopus fueron India, EE. UU.,
Brasil y Colombia. La tendencia mundial de patentes
es creciente, y su principal enfoque es “Necesidades
corrientes de la vida”. En conclusión, la vigilancia
tecnológica ofreció una visión global de avances y
tendencias en investigación y desarrollo tecnológico
en áreas temáticas vinculadas con las plantas aromáticas.
Además, se identificaron posibles aliados
investigativos y fluctuación de la producción científica
a través del tiempo.
DOKTER GOOGLE: INTERAKSI DOKTER-PASIEN DI ERA TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
Authors: Nugroho Arief Priyo
Published: May 2017

Kehadiran teknologi informasi membuat perubahan yang cukup berpengaruh dalam interaksi antara dokter-pasien. Teknologi informasi tidak hanya sekedar menyediakan keterbukaan akses informasi atas pengetahuan mengenai dunia kesehatan akan tetapi juga hadir menjadi komplementer dari pelayanan kesehatan kovensional. Perubahan tersebut berimplikasi pada relasi konvensional dalam pelayanan kesehatan yang telah ada. Pertama, adanya pemberdayaan semu pasien atas pemberian sumber daya informasi mengenai kesehatan menjadikan dokter bukan lagi satu-satunya pemilik informasi tentang kesehatan. Kedua, mulainya pergeseran pola mencari sehat masyarakat dari tipe konvensional beralih menggunakan media-media yang disediakan oleh teknologi informasi. Dua perubahan mendasar tersebut menghasilkan pola mediatisasi relasi dokter-pasien yang perlahan melebarkan jarak sosial antara pasien terhadap dokter dalam bidang pelayanan kesehatan. Alih-alih, terbukanya akses informasi dan pengetahuan tentang kesehatan mendorong pada otonomi pasien yang selama ini bergantung pada dokter, pasien beralih tersub-ordinasi oleh mediatisasi dari produk-produk teknologi informasi.
La interdisciplina en la Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, un desafío impostergable. La experiencia de la Facultad de Filosofía
Authors: Belmont Cortés Edgar , Ribeiro Palacios Mónica , Espinosa Blas Margarita
Published: May 2017

Más allá de justificar la pertinencia del conocimiento interdisciplinario, resulta conveniente reflexionar sobre los marcos institucionales y los mecanismos de regulación
que encuadran la formación académica y la producción científica. El propósito de este ensayo es compartir las estrategias desarrolladas por la planta académica de la Facultad de Filosofía de la Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro (uaq), que favorezcan el trabajo colaborativo, en la construcción del Programa de Doctorado en Estudios Interdisciplinarios
sobre Pensamiento, Cultura y Sociedad y del Centro de Investigación Interdisciplinaria. Ambos proyectos se articulan y soportan entre sí. A partir de estos esfuerzos se busca
crear una plataforma institucional que ponga a debate la lógica sectorizada que impera en los programas actuales tanto en el interior de la uaq como en los sistemas de financiamiento
externo. La articulación de ambas experiencias busca la generación de lenguajes, metodologías e ideologías compartidas entre disciplinas, pero también reafirmar la importancia de generar conocimiento con una clara pertinencia y compromiso ético y social, el objetivo es que las investigaciones tengan impacto en los diversos sectores y no sólo en las estadísticas institucionales.
Jorge Rafael Videla en Japón
Authors: Quartucci Guillermo
Published: May 2017

La visita a Japón, en octubre de 1979, del teniente general Jorge Rafael Videla, dictador de Argentina entre 1976 y 1981, constituye un hecho histórico poco conocido y menos analizado por los especialistas. Basándose en las notas periodísticas de la época publicadas por el periódico japonés en lengua inglesa, The Japan Times, el artículo analiza las notas publicadas a lo largo de la visita de Videla y su comitiva, así como tres fotografías (desde la perspectiva semiótica), tendientes, sin excepción, a maquillar la verdadera cara represora del régimen castrense que encabezaba Videla.
El nativo americano en Bartolomé de las Casas: la proto-etnología “colegida” de la polémica
Authors: Teglia Alonso Vanina María
Published: May 2017

La Historia de las Indias de Bartolomé de las Casas es un texto constitutivamente polémico. Sus episodios narrativos intentan ser pruebas refutadoras, particularmente, de la Historia General y natural de las indias de Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo y también de los textos de Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda escritos para el Debate de Valladolid. De esta polémica, resulta una particular representación del nativo americano. Estudiaremos detenidamente las estrategias de inversión del fraile dominico sobre ciertas imágenes estigmatizadoras de la incapacidad, carencia e imperfección del indio: su “ociosidad”, carácter “bestial”, “inferioridad” e idolatría. Para su discurso adversativo, Las Casas se sirve de ciertas técnicas de refutación y de algunas figuras de la agresión: la retorsión, la metástasis, la desmitificación, las disociaciones, la injuria, entre otros.
Economía y conflicto armado en Colombia: los efectos de la globalización en la transformación de la guerra
Authors: Mantilla Valbuena Silvia
Published: May 2017

El conflicto armado colombiano ha sufrido en las dos últimas décadas, un proceso de transformación que se encuentra íntimamente ligado a los efectos y dinámicas económicas producidas por el fenómeno de la globalización. Esto ha sido posible fundamentalmente por dos razones: 1. Por el impacto del modelo de apertura económica que reconfiguró al Estado nación colombiano, propiciando el surgimiento de nuevos factores asociados al conflicto; y 2. Por las nuevas oportunidades que la globalización le ofreció a los actores armados para desarrollar su economía de guerra, a través de las economías ilegales de carácter global y de los repertorios globales de la seguridad internacional.
Corporate Libraries: Bellwether of Change for the Library World at Large
Authors: Matarazzo James  M. , Pearlstein Toby
Published: May 2017

In this article, the authors argue that the lessons learned from the increasing closures of corporate li- braries that began in the 1980s can be applied to the wider library community. These closures have accelerated since the 1990s due to corporate cost cutting measures and the ever increasing availability of internet services that bypass the information professional. Above all, the authors argue that corporate librarians have often failed to align their services to the priorities of the companies they serve. This has resulted in their institutional marginalization and the eventual closure of the library. The authors make the case that, among other types of libraries, the sacrosanct place of the academic library at the center of the university is not guaranteed. The information era with its vast digital resources has and will under- mine the physical assets of traditional libraries as well as the customary role of librarians who staff them. Academic librarians will increasingly be expected to show administrators that their services are aligned to their institution’s strategic priorities and that their libraries are providing added value to its customers, namely, the students, faculty and staff of their college or university. If they do not do so, they very well may face, in the not so distant future, what may now seem unimaginable –the reduction or closure of the academic library in favor of customer-accessed digital information services.
Estrone, 17β-estradiol and progesterone concentrations in processed milk with different fat contents
Authors: Snoj Tomaz , Majdic Gregor , Kobal Silvestra , Zuzek Monika , Cebulj-Kadunc Nina
Published: May 2017

Introduction. The aim of this study was to determine estrone (E1),
17?-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) concentrations in processed milk
with different fat contents and to compare the concentrations of these
hormones in commercial ultrahigh temperature (UHT) processed milk and
commercial pasteurized milk. Materials and Methods. Commercial milks with
different fat contents (UHT 0.5 %, UHT 1.5 %, UHT 3.5 % and pasteurized 3.5 %
(10 samples of each type of milk)) were purchased in local stores. E1, E2 and
P4 concentrations were determined by commercial ELISA kits. Results and
Conclusions. E1 concentrations were below the limit of detection (15 pg mL-1)
in all milks except in two UHT 3.5 % (out of 10) and two pasteurized 3.5 %
(out of 10) milk samples. Mean E2 and P4 concentrations in UHT 3.5 % milk
(25.37 ? 1.15 pg mL-1 and 10.76 ? 0.43 ng mL-1, respectively) were
significantly higher than in UHT 0.5 % milk (19.38 ? 0.79 pg mL-1 and 7.06 ?
0.26 ng mL-1, respectively). Significant positive correlations were
determined between hormone concentrations and milk fat contents. Relatively
high E2 and P4 concentrations indicate that the bulk of milk in the
commercial milks examined originated from pregnant cows.
Changes in the buccolingual inclination of first molars with growth in untreated subjects: A longitudinal study
Authors: Sayania Bhavendrasinh , Merchant Mehreen , Josephs Philip , Chung Chun-Hsi
Published: May 2017

Objectives:

To assess longitudinal changes in the buccolingual inclination of the maxillary and mandibular first molars in untreated male and female subjects.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-seven male and 48 female subjects whose longitudinal dental casts were available at ages 6–16 years, with normal maxillary and mandibular arch forms were included. The original casts at ages 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, and 16 years were digitized and standardized. Measurements were recorded as the differences in cusp heights in the vertical dimension for the mandibular and maxillary first molars using OrthoInsight software.

Results:

On average, for boys from age 6 to 16 years, both maxillary and mandibular first molars uprighted with age. Maxillary molars uprighted 0.403 mm on the left and 0.418 mm on the right; mandibular molars uprighted 0.441 mm on the left and 0.589 mm on the right. Similarly, for girls from age 6 to 16, both maxillary and mandibular molars uprighted with age. Maxillary molars uprighted 0.67 mm on the left and 0.574 mm on the right; mandibular molars uprighted 0.358 mm on the left and 0.329 mm on the right.

Conclusions:

Maxillary molars erupted with buccal crown inclination at age 6 in both boys and girls and uprighted lingually with growth. At age 16, maxillary molars were not completely upright but rather maintained some buccal crown inclination. Mandibular molars erupted with lingual crown inclination at age 6 and uprighted buccally with age. At age 16, mandibular molars were not completely upright but rather maintained some lingual inclination.
Effect of Different Protocols in Preconditioning With EDTA in Sclerotic Dentin and Enamel Before Universal Adhesives Applied in Self-etch Mode
Authors: Martini EC , Parreiras SO , Gutierrez MF , Loguercio AD , Reis A
Published: May 2017

Objectives:

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different protocols of 17% ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA) conditioning on the etching pattern and immediate bond strength of universal adhesives to enamel and sclerotic dentin.

Methods and Materials:

Forty bovine teeth with sclerotic dentin and 20 human third molars were randomly divided into eight groups resulting from the combination of the main factors surface treatment (none, two-minute EDTA conditioning manual application, 30-second EDTA manual application, 30-second EDTA sonic application) and adhesives systems (Scotchbond Universal Adhesive [SBU] and Prime & Bond Elect [PBE]). Resin-dentin and enamel-dentin bond specimens were prepared and tested under the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) and microshear bond strength (μSBS) tests, respectively. The etching pattern produced on the unground enamel and the sclerotic dentin surfaces under the different protocols and adhesive systems was evaluated under scanning electron microscopy.

Results:

For enamel, only the main factor adhesive was significant (p<0.0001), with SBU showing the highest μSBS. In sclerotic dentin, the lowest mean was observed for the group without EDTA application and the highest mean in the group with EDTA application with the sonic device for 30 seconds. Regardless of the EDTA protocol, the highest means of μTBS were observed for SBU (p<0.05).

Conclusions:

EDTA conditioning improves the bonding performance of universal adhesives in the self-etch mode on sclerotic dentin, mainly when applied for 30 seconds with the aid of a sonic device. EDTA pretreatment also improves the retentive etching pattern of enamel, but it does not result in higher enamel bond strength.
Electrical losses in multi-MW wind energy conversion systems
Authors: A. Madariaga  , C. J. Martínez de Ilarduya  , S. Ceballos  , I. Martínez de Alegría  , J.L. Martín
Published: May 2017

This paper proposes a procedure to assess the electrical losses in Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECSs) with different electrical topologies. Those losses are evaluated in an annual basis considering the randomness of the wind with a Rayleigh probability distribution function. Due to the lack of specific standards, the analysis is based on standards applicable to low voltage (LV) and medium voltage (MV) installations. After reviewing the WECSs offered in main manufacturers’ portfolio, three electric topologies have been studied with the proposed calculation procedure. The main difference among alternatives is the position of the power transformer and, therefore, the characteristics of the voltage in the wiring going down the tower. Another two alternative topologies with direct current (DC) output have also been studied. The parameters of the base case study are commented in detailed and the results of several sensitivity analyses are also presented.
Controlled power distributed photovoltaic system using solar energy forecast
Authors: D. Díaz  , J.A. Souto  , A. Rodríguez  , S. Saavedra  , J.J. Casares  , A. García-Loureiro  , R. Varela  , M.J. Rodríguez-Legarreta  , J. Rodríguez-Aneiros
Published: May 2017

The use of renewable energy sources to supply electricity in customer grids is a current practise in developed countries and, particularly, in the case of distributed solar energy generation grids. Even though, the environmental benefits of the practise drive to economic incentives to increase the renewable energies. However, because of the unsteady behaviour of the renewable electric energy sources [1], as wind energy and solar photovoltaic production, the increment in the use of these sources produces severe fluctuations in the electric grids. Then, their electric supply to the electric grid is limited and at the same time, an accurate renewable energy production forecast is required.
In this work, the feasibility of a new approach to reduce this problem is tested by the application (on a yearly basis) of a simulator of a production-storage controlled system, namely FOTOV, to be applied in the design of a photovoltaic (PV) installation
Study of an Outer-Rotor PMSG for use in Small Wind Applications
Authors: P. M. García  , V. Moreno  , O. Azurza  , I. Arrambide
Published: May 2017

Among the renewable energies, wind power has reached undoubtedly the greatest degree of maturity, although such maturity is based on the development of large-scale installations using larger machines every time. In recent years interest has grown in small wind generators, which allow access to this type of energy to small farms and to areas with difficult access. In this work, is performed the study of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) using finite elements for such small applications. Various tests have been carried out to simulate no-load and short circuit conditions at different speeds in order to obtain data from these trials about their future behaviour.
Output DC Voltage Control Strategy for Switched Reluctance Generator
Authors: G.P.Viajante  , D.A.Andrade  , A. W. F. V. Silveira  , L.C.Gomes  , V. R. Bernardeli  , M.A.A.Freitas
Published: May 2017

This paper presents a proposed generated voltage control for a Switched Reluctance Generator (SRG). The strategy developed uses a PI controller to vary the magnetization angle of the machine phases, acting in the top switches opening angle (θoff) of the converter. The strategy is used together with the freewheel intermediate step, between the steps of magnetization and demagnetization of the phases. The main vantage is decrease the input power of the excitation source and to get the better use of mecanic energy to increase the phase current of the generator, maximizing the electric energy production. Is used the classic half-bridge converter without the need to alteration in your project, changing only the switching strategy. A nonlinear model of the SRG and the control strategy were implemented in MatLab/Simulink. The experimental platform was developed to validate the proposal presented.
Space Vector Fundamental Frequency Modulation Compared with the Selective Harmonic Elimination Method
Authors: G. Mehlmann  , R. Wendt  , G. Herold
Published: May 2017

A new modulation strategy for three-phase multilevel-converters, called Space Vector Fundamental Frequency Modulation will be presented. Derived from conventional Space Vector PWM, it was developed to overcome Selective Harmonic Elimination Method in mathematical complexity. Besides the harmonic optimization, the method offers a variable modulation index and is applicable for real-time applications. But in contrast to Selective Harmonic Elimination Method it is an approximation procedure. In this paper, both methods are compared, concerning several criteria such as voltage quality and mathematical complexity. Also, a classification with reference to EN 50160 is presented.
Ferroresonant Configurations in Power Systems
Authors: V. Valverde  , G. Buigues  , A. J. Mazón  , I. Zamora  , I. Albizu
Published: May 2017

Over the last decades, power disturbances have become an important factor on the increase throughout electrical networks, which can exert an important influence over power quality ratios. Amongst them, it is worth mentioning ferroresonance, which is a special case of resonance involving non-linear inductances that mainly affects the functionality of transformers. Its effects are characterized by high sustained overvoltages and overcurrents with maintained levels of current and voltage waveform distortion, producing extremely dangerous consequences. The first step against ferroresonance is always to prevent it from appearing, so it is important to identify those electrical configurations prone to the appearance of the phenomenon. Therefore, this paper analyzes different ferroresonant configurations that may take place in power systems, highlighting some of the most relevant aspects of each configuration.
Rural electrification based on renewable energies. A Review
Authors: Olatz Azurza  , Iñaki Arranbide  , Itziar Zubia
Published: May 2017

Rural environments present different electrification needs compared with the urban industrial areas. Those particularities imply rethinking electrification strategies taking into consideration economical, social and environmental aspects. In that respect, renewable distributed generation linked with microgrids presents interesting features for remote or sparsely populated areas. This paper presents the environmental advantages of using renewable generation, and displays a comparative characterization of rural/urban loads, a discussion of the most extended microgrid topologies, a comparative of available storage techniques and a literature review of the main steps in the process of designing a new microgrid.
Technological improvement with solar assistance for starch extraction
Authors: P. A. Buriticá Henao  , P. A. Buriticá Henao  , P. A. Gómez Aldana  , G. O. Porras Rey
Published: May 2017

This project develops a solution for the processing of starch, taking into account the socio-economic aspects of the small-scale starch producers in Colombia. The proposed idea pretends to design a cheap and efficient system, which reduces the water consumption and the time of the sedimentation process, and does not require to be powered by the electricity network because it is managed with a solar pump. The purpose is to implement a productive and sustainable technology, capable of being easily replicated in isolated communities with low water and electric supply
Voltage inverter with push-pull topology to inject energy into electrical systems with modulation spwm
Authors: SILVA. Emerson.C.M  , TREVISO.Carlos.H.G
Published: May 2017

his paper presents a proposal for a voltage inverter topology based on the push-pull converters, high-frequency switching to inject energy into the grid from a source of DC power. A system using two reverse voltage static converter provides the power grid, energy in the form of alternating current that can work in conjunction with the utility supply of energy with a view to possible use of renewable energy sources that can be stored in the form of voltage continuous, such as wind, solar, hydroelectric and others. It is shown the operation of the topology, power and control circuits, as well as design of components, theoretical and practical results achieved by mounting a prototype of 100W of power and switching in 40Khz, which after filtering provides the frequency of 60Hz is compatible with the Brazilian electrical system.
An optimization power method for Photovoltaic array by tracking Maximum Average Current through Diode of Boost Converter
Authors: X.L. Dang  , E. Hoang  , M. Petit  , H.T. Pham  , H. Ben Ahmed
Published: May 2017

In this paper, a method to optimize the power delivered by the Photovoltaic array (PV array) is presented by tracking the Maximum Average Current (MAC) passing through the diode of DC/DC boost converter. The main difference between the proposed method and the other Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) methods is that instead of tracking maximum power point directly on PV array, this method enables to search the maximum power of PV array by tracking the maximum power output of the DC/DC converter with only one current sensor. An hybrid power system, which includes a PV array, a DC/DC boost converter, an ideal battery and a resistor, is built and simulated in MATLAB/Simulink. The comparison between analytical and simulated results has proven that this method could be applied under various irradiation and photovoltaic temperature conditions.
Separation of common and differential mode conducted emission: Power combiner/splitters
Authors: Dennis Nielsen  , Ole Cornelius Thomsen  , Michael A. E. Andersen
Published: May 2017

A conducted emission measurement contains a common and a differential mode component. Accurate separation of these two components is critical, when designing the input filter of a switch mode power supply. Many techniques exists for performing such separation. Some authors suggested the use of wideband transformers, while other prefer current probes. In this paper the use of commercial power splitters/combiners as noise separators are considered. The performance of the noise separators are analyzed and validated based on scattering parameters (S-parameters). Impedance and rejection ratios (common and differential mode) are shown. The results based on S-parameters are used to propose a complete noise separator design. This separator is verified through experimental measurements. Finally an example on how to use the separator, when measuring conducted noise is given.
Determining Maximum Impedance Limits At A Point of Connection For Different Current Capacity Installations
Authors: S. Bhattacharyya  , Y. Cai  , J.F.G. Cobben
Published: May 2017

Modern customers use many power electronics based devices that are often sensitive to power quality (PQ) related disturbances. Those devices produce current harmonics that in combination with the network’s impedance at a customer’s point of connection (POC) influence the network’s voltage quality. With a distorted supply voltage, many devices produce more current pollutions. Therefore, the network’s impedance at a POC is quite important and can have significant impact on the network’s power quality. At present some standards specify requirements of the voltage and/or current quality at a POC. However, only few requirements are given for the network’s impedance (short circuit power) which can highly influence the PQ performance at a POC. In this paper, estimation is made to determine the maximum impedance limits at the medium voltage (MV) and the low voltage (LV) customer’s POC. The network operators should be responsible to limit the maximum impedance value at a POC while approving a specific capacity connection to a customer.
Small Hydro Plant Developments
Authors: Péter Kádár
Published: May 2017

The exploitation of the renewable sources is a challenge for all the engineers. Hydro power application is ranging from a kW to order of GW. The technical solutions have a wide spectra, such as turbines and dam constructions. The hydro power potential of Hungary is modest. Óbuda University cooperates with the patent owner in the development of new devices. In this paper we introduce the latest development for the mini hydro applications capable of deploying low heading watercourses and small size rivers. The fast mountable flowing through arrangement and the anchored floating Sagebien wheel devices have 5-10 kW output power. These days the operations are in the test phase.
APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT INDICES OF PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF FORECAST FOR WIND SPEEDS
Authors: J. C.P. Dominguez  , F. D. L. Silva  , P. C. M. Carvalho
Published: May 2017

In this study, firstly, we´ll see an introduction about wind energy and its current use in Brazil, giving an overview of the development of the treatment of wind forecasting through two techniques for forecasting. One of the data sources available are predictions from numerical models, due to the large volume of information, it were saved only prediction´s images made. Worked these images you can retrieve a value of wind speed forecast for a specific city. We´ll show the used methodology, seeing how processed data were taken, we´ll also see the accumulator´s installations, which will contain for the same date, actual values and projected wind speeds, and we’ll conclude with the indexes’ calculations for evaluating performance working with three indexes: “MAPE”, “RMSE”, “MAE”, in the range of a year in four quarters and 45 samples in each quarter. Then we'll see according to several articles, the most used indexes evaluation, which are “MAPE", "RMSE" and "MAE", that´s the reason in this study we’re also going to work with these ones. Finally, we´ll proceed to the analysis of the results. In the rainy season and the dry season, we will see what was the numerical model that best approached to the reality.
Fall-related injuries among Canadian seniors, 2005–2013: an analysis of the Canadian Community Health Survey
Authors: Do M. T. , Chang V. C. , Kuran N. , Thompson W.
Published: May 2017

Introduction

We describe the epidemiology and trends of fall-related injuries among
Canadian seniors aged 65 years and older by sex and age, as well as the circumstances
and consequences of their injuries.

Methods

We analyzed nationally representative data from the 2005, 2009/2010 and 2013
samples of the Canadian Community Health Survey to calculate the number and rates of
fall-related injuries for each survey year. Where possible, we combined data from two or
more samples to estimate the proportion of fall-related injuries by type of injury, part of
body injured, type of activity and type of treatment.

Results

The rate of fall-related injuries among seniors increased from 49.4 to 58.8 per
1000 population between 2005 and 2013, during which the number of fall-related injuries
increased by 54% overall. Women had consistently higher rates than men across all
survey years, while rates increased with advancing age. The upward trend in fall-related
injury rates was more prominent among women and younger age groups. The most
common type of injury was broken or fractured bones (37%), and the shoulder or upper
arm (16%) was the most commonly injured body part. Many fall-related injuries
occurred while walking on a surface other than snow or ice (45%). Over 70% of seniors
seeking treatment for their injuries visited a hospital emergency department.

Conclusion

Given the increase in both the number and rates of fall-related injuries over
time, there is a need to continue monitoring trends and injury patterns associated with falls.
Specific Heat of Dy.40 Cu.37 Y.23 Amorphous Alloy at Low Temperatures
Authors: Mohammed K.A.
Published: May 2017

The low temperature specific heat of the magnetic Dy0.40Cu0.37Y0.23 amorphous alloy have been investigated in the temperature range 2 to 50 K. The magnetic contributions to the specific heat, magnetic entropy changes, ordering temperatures and the effective magnetic spin have been estimated for this magnetic amorphous alloy. The magnetic specific heat show broad anomaly at a certain temperature, Tm of about 28 K. The value of Tm is higher than Tf (=23.5 K) determined from low field ac susceptibility measurements. The magnetic entropy changes between 0 K and Tm are estimated to be 84 %  of the maximum theoretical value. The behaviors of this amorphous alloy agree quit well with those of condensed rare earth amorphous systems.