bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Влияние эры диджитализации на банковские бизнес-модели
Authors: Диденко Валентина Юрьевна
Published: November 2016

С развитием технологий происходит сближение банковского сектора и сектора торговли. В статье рассмотрено влияние технологий на предоставление банковских услуг розничным клиентам. Проведен анализ эволюции применения технологий в банках. Дана характеристика мировым брендам по программному обеспечению, которые формируют цифровой банк для розничных клиентов. Представлены основные тенденции развития клиентоориентированного подхода к предоставлению розничных банковских услуг.
О регулировании региональной экспансии интегрированных торговых систем
Authors: Чеглов Вячеслав Петрович , Чеглов Александр Вячеславович
Published: November 2016

В статье рассматривается проблема распространения по территории страны типовых торговых объектов крупных интегрированных торговых систем федерального и межрегионального значения и вытеснения ими предприятий малого бизнеса.
Исследуются действующие механизмы регулирования дислокации новых торговых объектов в муниципальных образованиях, влияния местных предпринимателей и населения на принимаемые органами власти решения по развитию торговой инфраструктуры. Сформулированы предложения по совершенствованию инструментов регулирования региональной экспансии крупного бизнеса.
Exploring Communication and Course Format: Conversation Frequency and Duration, Student Motives, and Perceived Teacher Approachability for Out-of-Class Contact
Authors: Brooks Catherine F. , Young Stacy L.
Published: November 2016

This study explored how course instructional format (i.e., online, face-to-face, or hybrid) is related to the frequency and duration of out-of-class communication (OCC) between college instructors and students, to student motives for communicating with teachers, and to perceived teacher approachability for conversation outside of class. Though differences in frequency of and student motives for engaging in OCC were not significant, students enrolled in face-to-face courses reported significantly more ongoing/durative OCC with their instructors compared to students enrolled other course types (i.e., online or hybrid). Students in fully online courses reported instructors to seem less receptive to but also less discouraging of OCC than students in face-to-face or hybrid courses. Overall, this study offers a sense of how students who seek informal interaction with instructors beyond the classroom are faring amid the increased reliance on web-based learning environments in higher education.
Digital Curation as a Core Competency in Current Learning and Literacy: A Higher Education Perspective
Authors: Ungerer Leona M.
Published: November 2016

Digital curation may be regarded as a core competency in higher education since it contributes to establishing a sense of metaliteracy (an essential requirement for optimally functioning in a modern media environment) among students. Digital curation is gradually finding its way into higher education curricula aimed at fostering social media literacies. Teachers are urged to blend informal and formal learning and since most people informally use curation in their daily lives for compiling relevant information, it may be fairly easy to adopt digital curation in teaching and learning. Teachers, however, require considerable insight in incorporating various informal digital curation tools in educational practices.  The SECTIONS model may assist in guiding decisions around the suitability of digital curation tools for a higher education environment. Including digital literacy training in the professional development of academic staff members may sensitize them to the possibilities that incorporating digital approaches in curricula offer. The Five Cs of Digital Curation framework may guide academic staff members in compiling suitable digital material. There as yet appears not to be a pedagogy that fully acknowledges the various digital curation processes. A pedagogy of abundance, acknowledging that content often is freely available and abundant, may eventually prove relevant in this regard.
From Presences to Linked Influences Within Communities of Inquiry
Authors: Peacock Susi , Cowan John
Published: November 2016

Much research has identified and confirmed the core elements of the well-known Community of Inquiry Framework (CoIF): Social, Cognitive and Teaching Presence (Garrison, 2011). The overlap of these Presences, their definitions and roles, and their subsequent impact on the educational experience, has received less attention. This article is prompted by the acceptance of that omission (Garrison, Anderson, & Archer, 2010). It proposes enrichment to the Framework, by entitling the overlapping spaces uniting pairs of Presences as “Influences.”  These three spaces, linking pairings of Social, Teaching, and Cognitive Presences, can be labelled as “trusting,” “meaning-making,” and “deepening understanding.” Their contribution to the educational experience is to address constructively some of the challenges of online learning, including learner isolation, limited learner experience of collaborative group work and underdeveloped higher-level abilities. For these purposes we also envisage “cognitive maps” as supporting learners to assess progress to date and identify pathways forward (Garrison & Akyol, 2013). Such maps, developed by a course team, describe the territory that learners may wish to explore, signpost possible activities, and encourage the development of cognitive and interpersonal abilities required for online learning.    We hope that considering the Influences may also assist tutor conceptualisations of online community-based learning. Our proposals call on both learners and tutors to conceive of the Presences and Influences as working together, in unison, to enhance the educational experience whilst fostering deep learning. Our suggestions are presented to stimulate scholarly debate about the potential of these interwoven sections, constructively extending the Framework.
MOOCs, Graduate Skills Gaps, and Employability: A Qualitative Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Calonge David Santandreu , Shah Mariam Aman
Published: November 2016

The increasing costs of higher education (HE), growing numbers of flexible anytime, anywhere learners, and the prevalence of technology as a means to up-skill in a competitive job market, have brought to light a rising concern faced by graduate students and potential graduate employers.  Specifically, there is a mismatch of useful skills obtained by students through HE institutions which is evident upon graduation.  Faced with this dilemma, “graduate students,” or more specifically newly graduated students, with a with bachelor’s degree, and a growing number of employers are turning to Massive Open Online Courses, or MOOCs, as a complimentary mechanism through which this skills gap may be bridged. 

It is found in the literature that MOOCs are often discussed within the capacity of their development, their retention rates, institutional policies regarding their implementation, and other such related areas.  Examinations into their broader uses, benefits, and potential pitfalls have been limited to date.  Therefore, this paper aims to analyse the literature highlighting the use of MOOCs as a means to reduce the mismatch in graduate skills.  As such, this literature analysis reviews the following relevant areas: higher education and graduate skills gap, today’s graduates and employability, and MOOCs and graduate skills.  Through analysing the literature in these areas, this paper identifies gaps in the existing literature.                  
Determinants of Teachers’ Attitudes Towards E-Learning in Tanzanian Higher Learning Institutions
Authors: Kisanga Dalton Hebert
Published: November 2016

This survey research study presents the findings on determinants of teachers’ attitudes towards e-learning in Tanzanian higher learning institutions. The study involved 258 teachers from 4 higher learning institutions obtained through stratified, simple random sampling.  Questionnaires and documentary review were used in data collection. Data were analysed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). Chi-square was performed to examine the association of variables.

It was found that teachers have positive attitudes towards e-learning where computer exposure played a statistically significant contribution to their attitudes.  It is recommended that training in e-learning needs to be provided to teachers to widen their understanding of e-learning. There is also a need to strengthen factors associated with teachers’ positive attitudes towards e-learning. Results from this study are of particular importance to both teachers and the education stakeholders in Tanzania.
An Analysis of Technical Efficiency for Household's Rice Production in Cambodia: A Case Study of Three Districts in Battambang Province
Authors: Kea Sokvibol , Li Hua , Pich Linvolak
Published: November 2016

The aims of this study are to measure the technical efficiency (TE) of Cambodian household’s rice production and trying to determine its main influencing factors using the stochastic frontier production function. The study utilized primary data collected from 301 rice farmers in three selected districts of Battambang by structured questionnaires. The empirical results indicated the level of household rice output varied according to differences in the efficiency of the production processes. The mean TE is 0.34 which means that famers produce 34% of rice at best practice at the current level of production inputs and technology, indicates that rice output has the potential of being increased further by 66% at the same level of inputs if farmers had been technically efficient. Furthermore, between 2013-2015, TE of household’s rice production recorded -14.3% decline rate due to highly affected of drought during dry season of 2015. Moreover, evidence reveals that land, fertilizer, and pesticide are the major influencing input factors of household’s rice production, while disaster, education of household head, family size and other crops’ cultivated area are core influencing factors decreasing TE. Conversely, the main influencing factors increasing TE are irrigated area, number of plot area and sex of household head.
Study the Impact of Glucose-6-phosphatase Activity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients and Non Diabetic Counterparts
Authors: Jawad Alaa H. , Ibrahim Ammal E. , Alsayed Raghda , Hallab Zainab Salih , Al-Qaisi Zyad , Al-Amery Ahmed , Yousif Emad
Published: November 2016

Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), an enzyme found mostly in the kidneys and the liver, acting significant role of supplying glucose through starvation. This study includes (84) subjects, their age ranged from (40 to 54) years. (20) subjects were healthy chosen as control group and (64) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into three groups according to their type of anti diabetic therapy : (23) newly diagnosed group without therapy (Group1), (20) with metformin therapy (Group2) and (21) with metformin plus glibenclamide therapies( Group3). The study found that G-6-Pase activity is increased, thereby leading to an increase in endogenous glucose production (EGP) in patients with type 2 diabetes and, therefore FPG will increase. The result found that increasing G-6-Pase activity will increase the concentration of glucose in the blood and that will increase the long-term glycemic control (HbA1c%).
Total Joint Arthroplasty in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Shah Kalpit N. , Truntzer Jeremy N. , Touzard Romo Francine , Rubin Lee E.
Published: November 2016

➢ With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), total joint arthroplasty has become a safe and effective procedure for patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

➢ A correlation between a low CD4+ count (<200 cells/mm3) and major postoperative complications such as deep joint infection has been postulated, although high-level studies are not available in the literature.

➢ As most studies have not demonstrated an increase in the incidence of deep-vein thrombosis in patients with HIV/AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome), our recommendation is to use the standard prophylaxis that is followed by the operating surgeon.
Well Water Consumed and Urolithiasis in Gedangsari Subdistrict, Yogyakarta
Authors: Sulistyawati Sulistyawati , Astuti Fardhiasih Dwi , Trisasri Ruri , Rustiawan Asep
Published: November 2016

The land in Gedangsari Subdistrict area composes of limestone. Many local people consume drinking water from wells that contain high levels of calcium. Many people suffer from urolithiasis. This study aimed to describe calcium or Ca(OH)2 distribution in the well water and explain its relation with urolithiasis incidence. This study was conducted in Gedangsari Subdistrict, Gunung Kidul District from July to November 2013. The study was cross sectional confirmed with titration test in laboratory. Samples were 94 wells of 3,849 well population as selected randomly. Criteria of sample selection included wells used for drinking by the population aged older than 30 years already, with less than 15 meter of depth. Laboratory test of Ca (OH)2 level was conducted by titration. Suspect urolithiasis was clinically diagnosed by doctor and data analysis used chi-square test. Results showed relation between water hardness and urolithiasis (RP = 2.27), although statistically not significant. In conclusion, there was no relation between mineral water consumption, age, and length of stay with urolithiasis incidence in Gedangsari Subdistrict, Gunungkidul District.AbstrakTanah di wilayah Kecamatan Gedangsari mengandung batuan kapur. Masyarakat di daerah ini banyak yang mengkonsumsi air minum dari sumur gali yang mengandung kadar kalsium tinggi, dan banyak yang menderita urolithiasis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran distribusi kalsium atau Ca(OH)2 pada air sumur dan menjelaskan hubungannya dengan kejadian urolithiasis. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Gedangsari, Kabupaten Gunungkidul selama Juli sampai November 2013. Penelitian dilakukan secara potong lintang dengan konfirmasi uji titrasi di laboratorium. Sejumlah 94 sampel sumur dipilih secara acak dari populasi 3.849 sumur. Kriteria pemilihan sampel adalah sumur gali yang telah digunakan untuk minum oleh penduduk berusia lebih dari 30 tahun, dengan kedalaman kurang dari 15 meter. Pemeriksaan laboratorium kadar kalsium dilakukan dengan titrasi. Dugaan urolithiasis didiagnosis melalui pemeriksaan klinis oleh dokter. Data dianalisis dengan uji kai kuadrat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan hubungan antara kesadahan air dengan urolithiasis (RP= 2.27) namun tidak bermakna secara statistik. Konsumsi air putih, usia, dan lama tinggal tidak berhubungan dengan kejadian urolithiasis di Kecamatan Gedangsari Kabupaten Gunungkidul.
Role of Hearth Program with Undernutrition Incidence among Toddlers in Tangerang City
Authors: Gizella Gizella , Hilmanto Dany , Rachmadi Dedi
Published: November 2016

Toddler is a group at risk of undernutrition in which World Health Organization (WHO) stated that toddler mortality because of undernutrition was 54% in 2002. In Indonesia, the prevalence increased from 17.9% in 2010 to 19.6% in 2013. In Tangerang City, there was 1.43% of toddlers suffering from undernutrition in 2013. This study aimed to prove in valid the correlation between Hearth Program covering food-providing behavior, toddler’s hygiene behavior, health care seeking behavior and toddler parenting behavior with undernutrition incidence among toddlers. This study was quantitative, cross sectional, using primary data, analyzed in univariate, bivariate and multivariate in a month on September. Samples were taken by total sampling as many as 60 toddlers suffering from undernutrition in Tangerang City. Results showed that 12 (20%) of 60 toddlers suffered from very underweight nutrition and the remaining amounted to 48 toddlers (80%) suffered from underweight nutrition. There was a correlation between food providing behavior and health care seeking behavior with undernutrition among toddlers. Variable food-providing behavior was the dominant factor influencing undernutrition among toddlers with OR = 4.655 (CI = 1.052 – 20.6) after controlled by the variable health care seeking behavior. Improvement on food providing and health care seeking is hopefully able to improve and decrease undernutrition among toddlers.AbstrakKelompok yang rentan terhadap gizi kurang adalah balita. World Health Organization (WHO) menyatakan kematian anak bawah lima tahun (balita) akibat gizi kurang sebesar 54% pada tahun 2002. Di Indonesia, prevalensinya mengalami peningkatan dari 17,9% pada tahun 2010 menjadi 19,6% pada tahun 2013. Di Kota Tangerang, terdapat 1,43% balita yang mengalami gizi buruk pada tahun 2013. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan secara valid hubungan antara Program Pos Gizi yang meliputi perilaku pemberian makan, perilaku kebersihan balita, perilaku mencari pelayanan kesehatan dan perilaku pengasuhan balita dengan kejadian gizi kurang pada balita. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, potong lintang, menggunakan data primer serta dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat selama satu bulan pada bulan September 2015. Sampel diambil secara total sampling sebanyak 60 balita yang mengalami gizi kurang di Kota Tangerang. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dari 60 balita yang mengalami gizi kurang, sebanyak 12 balita (20%) mengalami gizi sangat kurus dan sisanya sejumlah 48 balita (80%) mengalami gizi kurus. Terdapat hubungan antara perilaku pemberian makan dan perilaku mencari pelayanan kesehatan dengan gizi kurang pada balita. Variabel perilaku pemberian makan merupakan faktor dominan yang memengaruhi gizi kurang pada balita dengan OR = 4,655 (CI = 1,052 – 20,6) setelah dikontrol oleh variabel perilaku mencari pelayanan kesehatan. Perbaikan pemberian makan dan pencarian pelayanan kesehatan diharapkan mampu memperbaiki dan menurunkan gizi kurang pada balita.
Measles Immunization and Vitamin A for Prevention of Pneumonia in Indonesia
Authors: Widoyo Ratno
Published: November 2016

Pneumonia is the major cause of child death in Indonesia after diarrhea. Increasing coverage of measles, pertusis, Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) and Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib) immunization substantially cancontrol pneumonia. Spn and Hib vaccines have not been included in category of mandatory immunization in Indonesia. Measles vaccine has more direct effect on prevention of pneumonia than pertusis vaccine. Providing immunization followed by providing vitamin A will increase the specific antibody titer among children. This study aimed to determine effects of measles vaccine and vitamin A to pneumonia incidence among toddlers. Method of study was cross sectional using 13,062 data of children drawn from 2012 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. Data were analyzed using poisson regression test. Analysis results showed that prevalence of pneumonia among Indonesian children was 5.4%, measles immunization coverage was 82.57%, and vitamin A supplementation coverage was 74.9%. Furthermore, providing measles immunization and vitamin A could prevent pneumonia incidence among toddlers (12 – 59 months old) up to 26.5%. Providing measles immunization then followed by providing vitamin A can be used as a preventive action in attempt to decrease pneumonia incidence.AbstrakPneumonia merupakan penyebab kematian tertinggi pada anak di Indonesia setelah diare. Pengendalian pneumonia dapat dilakukan dengan peningkatan cakupan imunisasi campak, pertusis, Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn), dan Haemophilus influenzae b (Hib). Vaksin Spn dan Hib belum masuk ke dalam kategori imunisasi wajib di Indonesia. Vaksin campak lebih memiliki pengaruh langsung terhadap pneumonia dibandingkan dengan vaksin pertusis. Pemberian imunisasi yang disertai pemberian vitamin A akan meningkatkan titer antibodi pada anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian imunisasi campak dan vitamin A terhadap kejadian pneumonia. Metode penelitian adalah potong lintang dengan menggunakan 13.062 data anak yang terdapat pada data Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2012. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji regresi poisson. Hasil analisis menunjukkan prevalensi pneumonia pada anak di Indonesia adalah 5.4%, cakupan imunisasi campak sebesar 82.6%, dan cakupan pemberian vitamin A sebesar 74.9%. Pemberian imunisasi campak disertai dengan pemberian vitamin A dapat mencegah terjadinya kejadian pneumonia pada anak usia 12 – 59 bulan sebesar 26,5%. Pemberian imunisasi campak yang disertai dengan pemberian vitamin A dapat digunakan sebagai tindakan pencegahan dalam upaya penurunan kejadian pneumonia.
Good Corporate Governance Implementation and Performance of Civil Servant
Authors: Hasan Muhammad , Ayuningtyas Dumilah , Misnaniarti Misnaniarti
Published: November 2016

In order to achieve the vision and mission, every hospital must implement Good Corporate Governance (GCG). Its implementation aims to optimally improve performance of employees that will finally improve organizational performance. This study aimed to analyze the relation between principles of GCG and performance of civil servants of the Natuna Field Hospital in Anambas Islands District. This analytical descriptive study using cross sectional design involved 56 civil servants as samples. Data was collected in 2012 using a structured questionnaire. This study used chi square and logistic regression tests. Multivariate model was simplified by eliminating the confounding variables using backward stepwise method. This study found two variables significantly related to performance of civil servants, namely implementation of fairness and transperancy principles. Both were the most related variables to the performance of civil servants.AbstrakDalam rangka mencapai visi dan misi, setiap rumah sakit harus menjalankan tata kelola perusahaan yang baik (Good Corporate Governance/GCG). Penerapan GCG sendiri bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kinerja pegawai secara optimal, yang akhirnya akan meningkatkan kinerja organisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan penerapan prinsip-prinsip GCG terhadap kinerja pegawai negeri sipil (PNS) Rumah Sakit Umum Lapangan Natuna Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan desain potong lintang pada 56 PNS. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada tahun 2012 dengan kuesioner terstruktur. Digunakan analisis dengan uji kai kuadrat dan regresi logistik, dan untuk penyederhanaan model dilakukan eliminasi terhadap faktor perancu dengan menggunakan metode backward stepwise. Penelitian ini menemukan dua variabel yang signifikan berhubungan dengan kinerja PNS, yaitu penerapan prinsip fairness dan penerapan prinsip transparancy. Keduanya merupakan variabel yang paling berhubungan dengan kinerja pegawai negeri sipil.
Filariasis Limfatik di Kelurahan Pabean Kota Pekalongan
Authors: Ramadhani Tri
Published: November 2016

Filariasis limfatik masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, khususnya di Kota Pekalongan. Hal ini ditandai dengan semakin meningkatnya angka mikrofilaria dan perluasan daerah dengan kasus filariasis limfatik.Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui situasi filariasis limfatik diKelurahan Pabean Kota Pekalongan. Penelitian ini meliputi penduduk dan agent, dalam periode sekitar enam bulan (Juli-Desember 2007) dengan disain studi cross sectional. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pemeriksaan klinis, survei darah jari dan identifikasi parasit penyebab filariasis limfatik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan angka mikrofilaria (3,4) angka kesakitan akut filaria (0,4 %) yang tinggi, tetapi angka kesakitan kronis filaria rendah (0,00 %). Parasit penyebabfilariasis di Kelurahan Pabean adalah jenis Wuchereria bancrofti dengan kepadatan rerata mikrofilaria yang tinggi. Pengendalian filariasis limfatik di Kelurahan Pabean perlu dilakukan dengan pengobatan massal dan perubahan perilaku masyarakat.Kata kunci : Filariasis limfatik, kelurahan pabean, mikrofilaria.AbstractLymphatic filariasis is still being a public health problem in Indonesia, especially in Pekalongan district. This problem marked by the increasing rate of microfilaria and areas with lymphatic filariasis. The aim of this study is to know the epidemiologic situation of lymphatic filariasis in Pabean village Pekalongan district. The research was a cross-sectional design and covered host and agent within the period of July-Desember 2007. Data were collected through clinical survey of acute and chronic filariasis symptoms, blood survey and identification of lymphatic filariasis parasite. The result showed that microfilaremia rate was 3,4%, acute disease rate (ADR) 0,4 % and the chronic disease rate (CDR) 0,00 %. The average of microfilaria density in 1 ml blood was 465,63. Based onmicrofilaremia identification in the blood, the lymphatic filariasis agent in Pabean village is Wuchereria bancrofti type. Lymphatic filariasis control in Pabean village need to focused on Mass Drug Administration (MDA) and community behavior for healthy life.Key words : Lymphatic filariasis, pabean village, microfilaria.
Kehamilan Pranikah Remaja di Kabupaten Sumedang
Authors: Omarsari Sri Dwi , Djuwita Ratna
Published: November 2016

Kehamilan pranikah remaja adalah fenomena kehidupan remaja yang dapat mengganggu kesehatan reproduksi secara fisik, mental dan sosial serta komplikasi dan kematian ibu dan bayi. Secara psikososial, remaja dapat terkucil, merasa malu, depresi, putus sekolah, sulit bekerja, miskin dan menambah pertumbuhan penduduk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran epidemiologi dan faktor determinan dengan kehamilan pranikah remaja di Kabupaten Sumedang. Rancangan studi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah rancangan studi cross sectional. Penelitian ini menemukan prevalensi kehamilan pranikah remaja di Kabupaten Sumedang tinggi (40,5%). Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kehamilan pranikah remaja meliputi usia ketika hamil, frekuensi pacaran, pola asuh orang tua, keutuhan pernikahan orang tua dan keterpaparan teman. Disarankan untuk melakukan peningkatan metoda pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi dan seksualitas dikalangan remaja, menambah jumlah kader remaja (peer educator) melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan. Meningkatkan keterlibatan orang tua mendampingi remaja melalui masa transisi kehidupan, mendirikan pusat konsultasi dan youth centre.Kata kunci : Kehamilan pranikah, remaja, kabupaten sumedang.AbstractPre-marital pregnancy among teenagers is one phenomenon occurred in adolescent’s life that can affect the reproductive health status physically, mentally and socially. It causes complication leading to death risk for both mother and her infant. Psycho-socially, teenagers could be isolated, felt ashamed, deppressed, being dropped out of school, difficult to find job, sunk into poverty, and increase population growth rate. This research objective is to describe the epidemiologic situation of pre-marital pregnancy among teenagers and to investigate its determinant factors in Sumedang District. This research found prevalence of pre-marital pregnancy of 40.5%. There are several factors related to pre-marital preganncy, that is, age, frequency of having a dating relationship, parental control, success of parental marriage, and peer exposure. Parental control has the highest OR of 2,90. Based on this research it is suggested to improve reproductive health services including teenage sexual education, to increase the number of peer educator through adequate education and training,and to improve parent’s involvement to accompany their teenagers through difficult phase of life’s transition, and to establish consultation for teenager center.Key words : Pre-marital pregnancy, teenagers, sumedang district.
Pemanfaatan Pos Pelayanan Terpadu di Perumahan Pondok Cilegon Indah
Authors: Raharyanti Fenny , Jubaedi Ahmad , Feriyanto Feriyanto
Published: November 2016

Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu) yang pada periode pemerintahan orde baru populer dan berkontribusi besar pada kesehatan ibu dan anak, kini meredup dan mengalami penurunan peran. Ketika kasus-kasus bayi kurang gizi bermunculan, banyak pihak yang menyadari bahwa posyandu merupakan faktor yang berkontribusi pada perbaikan gizi balita. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui keberadaan posyandu, pengetahuan dan kesadaran ibu balita, membawabalita ke posyandu, keaktifan kader menghidupkan posyandu, dan kelayakan fasilitas pendukung Posyandu di komplek Perumahan Pondok Cilegon Indah dengan karakteristik sosial ekonomi penduduk yang beragam. Penelitian yang dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2006 mengamati populasi ibu balita dan kader bermukim di PCI dan mengikuti kegiatan posyandu yang telah dijadwalkan pada bulan Desember 2006. Ditemukan bahwa keberadaan Posyandu di Pondok Cilegon Indah masih dipertahankan hingga kini.Tingkat kemampuan ibu menerima penjelasan posyandu cukup baik, tetapi kesadaran ibu membawa balita ke posyandu rendah. Keaktifan kader menghidupkan kegiatan posyandu cukup baik dan kelayakan fasilitas pendukung program posyandu masih terbatas pada pelayanan posyandu minimal.Kata kunci: Posyandu, komplek perumahan, kualitas kesehatan.AbstractPosyandu is a community-based health care program to improve the quality of life in Indonesia. This research is conducted to study the roles of posyandu in a community unit by observing the awareness of mothers and their satisfaction on the program activities and the quality of services provided. The community unit observed in this research is the one in Pondok Cilegon Indah Housing Complex (PCI) which consists of people with various income levels. This research is a descriptive study with a survey design which was conducted in December 2006 at PCI. The population is mothers living in the housing complex who are involved in the posyandu program activities. Samples are taken from two posyandu groups. Results show that posyandu programs in PCI have been beneficial since its inception in 1990. However, the number of mothers actively involved in the programs is of small portion compared with the total number of residents in the housing complex. Satisfaction on the programs is incredibly high, even though the services provided are quite limited to children weight monitoring, health food provision, vitamin A distribution, and children immunization.Keywords: Posyandu, housing complex, health quality.
Dampak Cadmium dalam Ikan terhadap Kesehatan Masyarakat
Authors: Purnomo Agus , Purwana Rachmadi
Published: November 2016

Kandungan Chemicals Oxygen Demand (COD) dan logam Cadmium pada air laut di Indonesia, dalam kisaran 123-398 ppm dan 0,024-0,044 ppm berada di luar batas yang diizinkan (COD ² 40 ppm dan Cd ² 0,01 ppm). Masyarakat Teluk Lampung setiap hari terpajan dengan ikan Kurisi (Nomipterus hexodon), ikan Kembung (Rastrelliger neglectus), dan ikan Tongkol (Auxis thazard) dengan kadar rata-rata kandungan cadmium 0,146; 0,144; dan 0,137 mg/kg. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan analisis risiko dampak pencemaran cadmium pada ikan terhadap kesehatan masyarakat Pulau Pasaran yang berada tepat di hadapan Kota Bandar Lampung di Teluk Lampung. Disain studi yang digunakan adalah disain cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 284 orang. Hasilpenelitian menemukan besar risiko gangguan kesehatan bagi masyarakat pulau Pasaran di Kota Karang-Bandar Lampung yang mengkonsumsi ikan tiga kali sehari adalah 0,574. Disamping itu, secara statistik terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara besar risiko itu dengan faktor-faktor konsentrasi cadmium dalam ikan, laju asupan ikan, durasi pajanan, dan berat badan responden. Faktor yang berhubungan paling erat adalah konsentrasi cadmium dalam ikan dan durasi pajanan. Masyarakat pulau Pasaran kota Karang-Bandar Lampung telah berisiko mengalami gangguan kesehatan akibat keracunan cadmium kronis yang dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sistem urinaria, respiasi, sirkulasi darah, jantung, kelenjar reproduksi, sistem penciuman dan kerapuhan tulangKata kunci : Analisis risiko, cadmium, studi kasus, kesehatan masyarakat.AbstractThis is a risk analysis research of the health impact of cadmium contamination in fish among the community in Pasaran Island. The Pasaran Island lies right across the Bandar Lampung City in the Lampung Bay. On average, the community in the island consumed fish 3 times a day. Study in 2004 reported three types of fishes that were regularly consumed and caught by the community around the Lampung Bay were contaminated by cadmium. Those contaminated fishes were the Kurisi fish (Nomipterus hexodon), Kembung fish (Rastrelliger neglectus), and Tongkol fish(Auxis thazard). In their daily life the community in the Pasaran Island were posed to the risk of exposure to cadmium from the fish (risk agent). This cross-sectional study on 284 samples of the population verifies that the health risk for the community at the Pasaran Island in the Karang-Bandar Lampung City is 0.574. Besides, statistical analysis showed that the risk is significantly related to factors such as concentration of cadmium in fish, rate of fish consumption, duration of exposure, and respondents body weight.Key words : Risk analysis, cadmium, case study, public health.
Tinjauan Filsafat Kesehatan Reproduksi
Authors: Agustina Farida Mutiarawati Tri
Published: November 2016

Kesehatan reproduksi tidak dapat dipisahkan dari kesehatan seksual yang menyangkut peran dua aktor utama laki-laki dan perempuan yang harus dalam kondisi sehat untuk mendapat hasil reproduksi yang sehat. Dari sudut pandang filsafat, ontologi berupaya memahami, mendalami dan mengembangkan pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi pada tingkat individu dan tingkat masyarakat. Secara epistemologi, kesehatan reproduksi banyak mengalami kemajuan, sejak dari teknologi kontrasepsi sederhana sampai teknologi cloning yang kontroversial. Secara aksiologi, kesehatan reproduksi mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan pemenuhan kebutuhan hidup manusia sesuai perkembangan teknologi. Pemanfaatan dan keberhasilan kesehatan reproduksi dipengaruhi berbagai faktor yang saling terkait dan saling tergantung. Landasan perkembangan ranah kesehatan reproduksi adalah serangkaian konferensi kependudukan dunia sepuluh tahunan. Dimulai pada tahun 1954 di Roma, dilanjutkan 1965 di Belgrade, 1974 di Bucharest, 1984 di Mexico City, dan terakhir tahun 1994 di Cairo. Hingga kini, penerapan berbagai hasil konferensi untuk peningkatan kesejahteraan umat manusia terus berlangsung. Di seluruh negara di dunia, diharapkan hak-hak kesehatan reproduksi dan kesehatan seksual semakin dipenuhi dengan pemanfaatan maksimal teknologi dan sesuai norma dan nilai-nilai kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab.Kata kunci : Kesehatan reproduksi, tinjauan filsafat.AbstractThe Reproductive Health can not be separated from Sexual Health as there is two main actors of male and female has to be related to. Both of them are must be in a healthy condition, in order to produce a healthy reproductive result. From philosophies stand point, the ontology of reproductive health is tried to understand, to explore and to develop reproductive knowledge in the individual and community levels. Epistemologi of reproductive health show highly progress related to contraceptive technology starting from the simplest one to the most controversial of cloning technology. Axiologically, the reproductive health enables to improve the human prosperity and fulfill the human needs in association with technological development. The utilization and the successfull of reproductive health are determined by several interrelated and interdependent factors. The fundamental of reproductive health field development is in a series of world population conferences that held every tens years. Started in 1954 in Roma, continues to 1965 in Belgrade, 1974 in Bucharest, 1984 in Mexico City, and the latest in 1994 in Cairo. Until now, the implementation of several conference results for improvement of human kind properties is continuously occurred. All over the world, it is hoped that reproductive rights and sexual rights can be continuously fulfilled with a highest utilization of technology and in the line with fairness and enlightened norms and values.Key words : Reproductive health, philosophical foundation.
Studi Kualitatif : Pelayanan Rujukan Asfiksia Bayi Baru Lahir di Kabupaten Cirebon Jawa Barat
Authors: Hadi Ella Nurlaella
Published: November 2016

Pada tahun 2005, studi penatalaksanaan asfiksia bayi baru lahir (BBL) oleh bidan di desa Kabupaten Cirebon menemukan kematian asfiksia BBL yang dirujuk ke rumah sakit masih tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi yang mendalam tentang proses rujukan, alur penanganan rujukan kasus asfiksia BBL di RS dan kualitas pelayanan di RS rujukan Kabupaten Cirebon. Untuk itu, digunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan BdD sudah menangani asfiksia BBL dengan benar, tetapi rujukan sering terlambat karena adanya faktor penghambat dari keluarga (ekonomi dan keputusan merujuk harus melibatkan keluarga besar) dan faktor lingkungan (transportasi di desa terpencil sulit terutama pada malam hari).Disamping, karena penanganan rujukan asfiksia BBL di RS belum optimal, karena masih kurangnya keterampilan petugas bagian UGD dalam manajemen asfiksia BBL dan tidak tersedianya alat resusitasi neonatus di bagian UGD, padahal prosedur penanganan kasus rujukan pertama kali di bagian UGD.Kata kunci : Pelayanan rujukan, asfiksia, BBL.AbstractIn Cirebon district (2005) research on village midwives’s experience in managing birth asphyxia showed mortality of newborns with asphyxia who were referred to the hospitals were still high. This research was aimed to assess referral process, management procedure of referral birth asphyxia cases and quality of care given in the referral hospitals. This study was conducted using qualitative approach focusing on case study method. The result of this study showed that village midwives managed birth asphyxia correctly, but referral of newborn cases was often delayed, because of community factors (finance and delayed decision making by whole family to refer the newborn to the hospitals) and environmental factor (transportation in remote villages was difficult, especially at night. Besides that, referral hospitals were not yet providing adequate emergency care for referral cases of birth asphyxia. These were primarily due to lack of skills in management of birth asphyxia and unavailability of resuscitation device in emergency room.Keywords : Referral health services, Asphyxia, newborn.
Manajemen Penyakit Berbasis Wilayah
Authors: Achmadi Umar Fahmi
Published: November 2016

Secara universal, kejadian penyakit merupakan inti permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat yang harus dicegah guna menampilkan wilayah yang sehat dan negara yang kuat. Kejadian penyakit merupakan fenomena yang bersandar pada basis wilayah yang mencakup ekosistem dalam dimensi ruang dan waktu Tulisan ini membahas kepentingan, makna, lokasi dan metoda manajemen penyakit berbasis wilayah. Asumsi dasar yang dianut adalah bahwa keberhasilan mengendalikan faktor risiko dan kejadian penyakit akan mampu meningkatkan dan memelihara kualitas kehidup masyarakat. Pembangunan kesehatan Wilayah dapat dilakukan dengan merujuk konsep MPBW dan rancangan SKK setiap wilayah pemerintahan otonom. Secara lebih terperinci, perlu disusun suatu pedoman MPBW kabupaten dan kota yang dapat dijadikan panduan oleh para perancang dan pelaksana. MPBW diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesehatan penduduk di suatu Kabupaten Kota tertentu secara bertahap dan berkesinambungan. Terakhir dan yang tidak kalah pentingnya adalah bahwa pelaksanaan MPBW harus menggunakan prinsip-prinsip Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat.Kata kunci : Basis wilayah, manajemen penyakit, pembangunan kesehatan masyarakatAbstractIt is universally accepted that disease occurrence is the nucleus of public health problem and should be prevented to achieve healthy area and strong country. Disease occurrence is a phenomenon that is area-based and include ecosystem both spatial and temporal dimensions. This paper tries to explain the importance, meaning, location and method of area-based disease management. The important basic assumption is that the successful risk and disease control can increase ability to increase and maintain life quality of the people. Area-based development could be implemented by referring to MPBW concept and SKK design for each and every autonomous government. Furthermore, there is a need to develop MPBW guidelines in district level to be used by development designer and planner. It is expected that MPBW could improve community health in a district gradually and continuously. Last but not least, the implementation of MPBW should utilise Public Health sciences principles.Keywords: Area-based, disease management, public health devlopment
Gambaran Spasial Diare untuk Upaya Sistem Kewaspadaan Dini Kota Tangerang
Authors: Yunita Yunita
Published: November 2016

Kota Tangerang berkembang cepat dengan angka pertumbuhan (1,94%) dan tingkat urbanisas yang tinggi serta angka kejadian diare setiap tahun yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kerawanan diare berdasarkan faktor fasilitas air bersih yang tersedia, rumah tangga sehat dan berperilaku hidup bersih dan sehat (PHBS), tempat umum dan pengelolaan makanan (TPUM) yang sehat, kepadatan penduduk, dan cakupan pelayanan kesehatan. Kerentanan diare dinyatakan dalam kategori tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis spasial yang merupakan analisis berdasarkan wilayah kecamatan. Secara umum, status kerentanan diare pada wilayah kecamatan di Kota Tangerang yang berada pada kategori rendah adalah Kecamatan Tangerang dan Larangan dan yang berstatus kerentanan tinggi adalah Cipondoh, Karawaci, dan Cibodas. Kecamatan lainnya berada pada status kerentanan sedang. Diharapkan pada masa mendatang, tingkat kebersihan, cakupan air bersih dan cakupan sarana pelayanan kesehatan akan lebih merata dan memadai, sehingga kasus diare di Kota Tangerang dapat ditekan.Kata kunci: Kerawanan diare, analisis spasialAbstractTangerang City is a developing township with high population growth (1.94%) and has high urbanization rate as well. The cases of diarrhea in Tangerang City were quite high. The objective of this study was to measure the diarhea susceptibility level based on the availability of clean water, the percentage of healthy household, the percentage of community personal hygiene, healthy public facilities and food vendors, and the coverage of public health services. The diarrhea susceptibility was catagorized into three levels that is high, moderate, and low. This study employs spatial analysis method based on sub-district level. Sub-districts with low level of diarhea susceptibility were Tangerang and Larangan, while sub-districts with high level of susceptibility were Cipondoh, Karawaci, and Cibodas. Others were in moderate level of diarrhea susceptibility. In the future, it is expected that Tangerang City could increase the availability of clean water facilities, percentage of healthy household, and more equally distributed health services as to prevent diarrhea.Keywords: Diarrhea susceptibility, spatial analysis
Kekerasan dalam Pacaran pada Siswi SMA di Jakarta
Authors: Ariestina Dian
Published: November 2016

Kekerasan terhadap perempuan berhubungan dengan ketimpangan gender dan berdampak pada kesehatan dan hak asasi manusia. Di Jakarta, pada periode 2000-2002, sekitar 264 perempuan melaporkan mengalami KDP dan sekitar 11,6 % kekerasan tersebut terjadi pada masa pacaran. Secara menyeluruh, satu dari sepuluh perempuan mengalami kekerasan dalam pacaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi tentang kejadian KDP pada siswi SMAN 37 Jakarta serta faktor-faktor yang berhubungan. Penelitian dengan desain potong lintang ini mengunakan sampel 418 siswi SMAN 37 Jakarta. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara terstruktur menggunakan kuisioner yang sengaja dirancangg untuk penelitian ini. Ditemukan sekitar 72,1% dari 337 siswi yang pernah mengalami KDP, berupa kekerasan fisik, psikis, seksual, dan ekonomi. Umumnya faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian KDP adalah sosiodemografi, kelemahan fisik, pengetahuan, sikap, keterpaparan terhadap informasi, konflik dalam keluarga, teman sebaya, persepsi sosial yang terdapat pada korban, sedangkan dari pelaku kekerasan ada karakteristik, penggunaan alkohol, dan penggunaan narkoba. Namun variabel – variabel yang berhubungan bermakna hanya variabel kelemahan fisik, sikap terhadap kekerasan, konflik dalam keluarga, keterpaparan terhadap informasi, dan penggunaan alkohol oleh pacar.Kata kunci : Kekerasan, pacaran, pelajar SMAAbstractViolence against women is related to gender inequality and influencing health and human rights aspects. In Jakarta, in 2000-2002 period, around 264 women had reported violence and around 11.6% of that violence were happened during dating. In general, one out of ten women experience violence during dating. This study aims at collecting information on violence during dating among high school girls in Senior High School 37 Jakarta and its related factors. The study used cross-sectional design with 418 girl students as sample. Data were collected through structured interview using questionnaire. The study found around 72.1% of 337 students has experienced violence during dating in form of physical violence, psychological violence, sexual and economical violence. Factors related to violence during dating include social-demographic factors, physical weakness, knowledge, attitude, exposure to information, conflict in family, peers, and social perception. While from the actor of violence, factors related to violence include alcohol and drug abuse. Variables with statistical significant relationship were physical weakness, attitude toward violence, conflict in family, exposure to information, and alcohol abuse by boyfriend.Keywords: Violence, dating, high school student