bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thrombectomy and Thrombolysis of Isolated Posterior Cerebral Artery Occlusion
Authors: Strambo Davide , Bartolini Bruno , Beaud Valérie , Marto João Pedro , Sirimarco Gaia , Dunet Vincent , Saliou Guillaume , Nannoni Stefania , Michel Patrik
Published: November 2019

Background and Purpose—

We investigated efficacy and safety of acute revascularization with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and endovascular treatment (EVT) in ischemic stroke from isolated posterior cerebral artery occlusion, by assessing recanalization, disability, visual, cognitive outcomes, and hemorrhagic complications.

Methods—

For this retrospective single-center cohort study, we selected all consecutive patients with stroke with isolated posterior cerebral artery occlusion from the Acute Stroke Registry and Analysis of Lausanne registry between January 2003 and July 2018, and compared (1) IVT with conservative treatment (CTr) and (2) EVT to best medical therapy (BMT, ie, CTr or IVT) in terms of 3-month disability and visual field defect, and cognitive domains impaired after stroke. Unadjusted analysis, multivariable logistic regression, and propensity score matched analyses were performed.

Results—

Among 106 patients with isolated posterior cerebral artery occlusion, 21 received EVT (13 bridging), 34 IVT alone, and 51 CTr. Median age was 76 years, 47% were female and median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 7. Complete 24-hour recanalization was more frequent with IVT than CTr (51% versus 9%; OR [95% CI]=10.62 [2.13–52.92]) and with EVT compared with BMT (68% versus 34%; OR [95% CI]=4.11 [1.35–12.53]). Higher proportions of good disability, visual and cognitive outcomes were observed in IVT versus CTr,
adj
ORs (95% CI)=1.65 (0.60−4.52), 2.01 (0.58−7.01), 2.94 (0.35−24.4), respectively, and in EVT versus BMT,
adj
ORs (95% CI)=1.44 (0.51−4.10), 4.28 (1.00−18.29), 4.37 (0.72−26.53), respectively. Hemorrhagic complications and mortality did not increase with IVT or EVT.

Conclusion

s—We show increased odds of recanalization following IVT and even higher after EVT. We observed a trend for a positive effect on disability, visual, and cognitive outcomes with IVT over CTr and with EVT over BMT.
Insertion-based Decoding with Automatically Inferred Generation Order
Authors: Gu Jiatao , Liu Qi , Cho Kyunghyun
Published: November 2019

Conventional neural autoregressive decoding commonly assumes a fixed left-to-right generation order, which may be sub-optimal. In this work, we propose a novel decoding algorithm— InDIGO—which supports flexible sequence generation in arbitrary orders through insertion operations. We extend Transformer, a state-of-the-art sequence generation model, to efficiently implement the proposed approach, enabling it to be trained with either a pre-defined generation order or adaptive orders obtained from beam-search. Experiments on four real-world tasks, including word order recovery, machine translation, image caption, and code generation, demonstrate that our algorithm can generate sequences following arbitrary orders, while achieving competitive or even better performance compared with the conventional left-to-right generation. The generated sequences show that InDIGO adopts adaptive generation orders based on input information.
The Role of International Agreements in Organising Tax Imposed on Intellectual Property Rights in Egypt, Palestine, and Jordan
Authors: Falah Hasan , Hassan Amjad
Published: November 2019

Recognising the potential abundance of revenue and penetration of intellectual property as protected in various forms (copyrights, trademarks, patents, industrial designs, technical expertise, and trade secrets), into every aspect of society, states have endeavoured to regulate and protect these rights through national legislation and international agreements that emphasise the need to organise and protect these tax rights to support cooperation and integration among countries, as well as resolving international disputes on double taxation and combating tax evasion. This Article examines existing intellectual property legislation in Palestine, Jordan, and Egypt. Legislations in these three countries have agreed to subject to tax intellectual property revenues and activities, recognising them as one of the most important sources of state income. However, Palestinian legislation has not been clear in setting laws to deal with intellectual property revenues, contrary to counterparties in Egypt and Jordan.
Truthmakers against Correspondence
Authors: Asay Jamin
Published: November 2019

Many philosophers think that truthmaker theory offers a correspondence theory of truth. Despite the similarities, however, this identification cannot be correct. Truthmaker theory offers no theory of truth, nor can it be employed to offer an acceptable substantive theory of truth. Instead, truthmaker theory takes truth for granted. Though truthmaker theory is not a correspondence theory, it shares with it the same motivational basis—that truth is worldly—and accounts for what is pre-theoretically compelling about correspondence theories. As a result, those at all attracted to correspondence theory (including many deflationists) should reject it and accept truthmaker theory instead.
Stomatocyst diversity in the first years of the plankton species structure formation in Reservoir of Hydropower Plants (Boguchany Reservoir, Russia)

Authors: FIRSOVA ALENA D. , BESSUDOVA ANNA YU. , SOROKOVIKOVA LARISA M. , ZHYCHENKO NATALYA A. , ISTOMINA NATALYA A. , SEZKO NATALYA P. , LIKHOSHWAY YELENA V.
Published: November 2019

This is the first description of chrysophycean stomatocysts in Boguchany Reservoir after its impoundment and the launch of a new hydropower plant on the Angara River, which has its headwaters in Lake Baikal. Thirty-five morphotypes of the stomatocysts were found, 10 of them were registered in Russia for the first time and nine morphotypes new to science are described. The list of chrysophycean stomatocyst morphotypes of the Baikal Region was expanded to 203 morphotypes. Hydrochemical indicators of the sampling site are given. The data obtained can be further used as an indicator of changes in the status of the reservoir.
Redescription of the ‘older Adelopsis’ species (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae: Ptomaphagini) based on the analysis of type specimens
Authors: GNASPINI PEDRO , PECK STEWART B.
Published: November 2019

As preparation for a revision of the Neotropical genera Adelopsis Portevin, 1907, Paulipalpina Gnaspini and Peck, 1996, and Parapaulipalpina Gnaspini, 1996, we review and redescribe the earlier named species and code characters of their genitalia. These characters are then used to redefine species groups. We review the following 22 “older” species: Adelopsis ascutellaris (Murray, 1856) (male lectotype here designated); Adelopsis aspera Jeannel, 1936; Adelopsis asperoides Szymczakowski, 1963; Adelopsis azzalii Szymczakowski, 1975 (here raised to specific status—previously as Adelopsis brunnea azzalii); Adelopsis bellator Szymczakowski, 1968; Adelopsis benardi (Portevin, 1923); Adelopsis brasiliensis Jeannel, 1936; Adelopsis brevicollis Szymczakowski, 1975 (here raised to specific status—previously as Adelopsis brunnea brevicollis); Adelopsis bruchi (Pic, 1926) (male lectotype here designated); Adelopsis darwini Jeannel, 1936; Adelopsis grouvellei Jeannel, 1936; Adelopsis heterocera Portevin, 1907 (the type species of Adelopsis, here considered a junior synonym of Adelopsis ruficollis (Portevin, 1903)); Adelopsis insolita Szymczakowski, 1961; Adelopsis luculenta Szymczakowski, 1963; Adelopsis orcina Szymczakowski, 1975 (here raised to specific status—previously as Adelopsis brunnea orcina); Adelopsis ovalis Jeannel, 1936; Adelopsis pteromoria Szymczakowski, 1975 (here raised to specific status—previously as Adelopsis brunnea pteromoria); Adelopsis ruficollis (Portevin, 1903) (male lectotype here designated) (here considered a senior synonym of Adelopsis heterocera Portevin, 1907); Adelopsis triangulifer Szymczakowski, 1961; Parapaulipalpina filicornis (Jeannel, 1936); Paulipalpina dispar (Portevin, 1903) (male lectotype here designated); and Paulipalpina simoni (Portevin, 1903). The status of Adelopsis brunnea Jeannel, 1936 is discussed, and is restricted to a single, nominal subspecies. Specific status is restablished for Adelopsis linaresi Szymczakowski, 1969 (previously as Adelopsis brunnea linaresi). The status of Paulipalpina claudicans (Szymczakowski, 1980) is discussed. To correct published misidentifications in museum collections, we also describe the following nine new species: Adelopsis claudina sp. n., Adelopsis mrazi sp. n., Adelopsis szymczakowskii sp. n., Adelopsis waclawi sp. n., and Paulipalpina jeanneli sp. n. (all from Brazil), Paulipalpina consuelo sp. n. from Peru, Adelopsis portevini sp. n. and Paulipalpina aragua sp. n. from Venezuela, and Paulipalpina coatepec sp. n. from Mexico. Iutururuca Gnaspini, 1993, described as a subgenus of Adelopsis, is here considered a junior synonym of Adelopsis Portevin, 1907, which is defined as having no subgenera.
Clinical Effect of Small-Dose Dexmedetomidine Combined with Oxycodone for Patient-Controlled Analgesia After Colon Cancer Surgery
Authors: Zhan Xi , Lei Chang-Cheng , Jiang Hai-Xia , Qiao Fei
Published: November 2019

This study aimed to elucidate the efficacy and safety of oxycodone combined with dexmedetomidine for patientcontrolled analgesia after colon cancer. Sixty patients were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups (n = 30 each). The control group received 0.5 mg/kg
oxycodone. The experimental group received 0.5 mg/kg oxycodone and 2 μg/kg dexmedetomidine. Both groups were administered normal saline (NS) up to 100 mL (via background infusion at 2 mL/h with a 0.5-mL bolus dose and 15-min lockout interval). Both groups received oxycodone 0.1 mg/kg
and tropisetron 5 mg, 20 min before the end of surgery. The MAP and HR of T1, T2, T3, and T4 were recorded in three groups. After the operation, a blinded observer assessed pain using the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, level of sedation (Ramsay score), and postoperative
nausea and vomiting score at 2, 6, 24, 48 h. Side effects included dizziness, shivering, headache, and pruritus. The results showed that, in the experimental group, the T2∼T5 activity pain and T2∼T4 visceral pain VAS scores of patients were obviously lower
than those in the control group (activity pain P T2∼T5 = 0.000, visceral pain P T2 = 0.018, P T3 = 0.001, P T4 = 0.010). The dosage of analgesic pump and number of rescue analgesia occurrences in the experimental group were far lower
than those in the control group (P = 0.000 and P = 0.029, respectively). The time of first anus exhaust of the patients in the experimental group was obviously earlier than that of the control group (P = 0.030), and the number of vomiting occurrences of the patients in
the experiment group was obviously lower than that in the control group (P = 0.023). No significant differences in the incidence of other adverse reactions were observed between the two groups within 48 h post-operation (P >0.05). In summary, oxycodone combined with dexmedetomidine
can be safely and effectively used for analgesia after laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer.
The Preoperative Endoscopic Ultrasonography Staging and Its Clinical Pathological Texture Feature in Patients Gastric Cancer
Authors: Wang Weijun , Xu Liansheng , Wu Yue
Published: November 2019

In order to study the clinical value of small probe endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in preoperative pathological staging and pathological texture features of gastric cancer, we selected some patients with gastric cancer to prospectively analyze and all patients were confirmed by postoperative
pathological examination. The postoperative pathology and preoperative texture analysis were compared so as to determine the difference in pathological stage and depth of tumor invasion. The results have shown that the coincidence rate of preoperative EUS judgment and postoperative pathology
degree was: the coincidence rate of 1/3 of the lesion site was 90.00%, the coincidence rate of middle 1/3 was 89.47%, and the coincidence rate of the lower 1/3 was 95.65%; Diameter: the coincidence rate of ≥3 cm is 91.84%, the coincidence rate of <3 cm is 89.09%; the type of lesion differentiation:
82.80% of differentiated type, 72.73% of undifferentiated type; Kappa value = 0.680, P < 0.001. Therefore, EUS has a high degree of consistency and coincidence with pathology in preoperative pathological staging and pathological features of gastric cancer.
Modified Rolling-Ball Method for Pulmonary Parenchyma Segmentation
Authors: Mao Qi , Zhao Shuguang
Published: November 2019

Background: Computer-aided detection/diagnosis (CAD) of lung nodules is a practical approach to improve the relative survival of lung cancer patients. Pulmonary parenchyma segmentation is an essential part of the CAD systems for detecting lung cancer. Methods: To solve
the problems of improper segmentation and incomplete repair with the traditional rolling-ball method (RBM), we proposed a novel method with a multi-scale rolling-ball for pulmonary parenchyma segmentation. The traditional RBM suffers from the problem that there is often a mismatch between
the rolling-ball radius and the size of the boundary defect. Additionally, the shapes of the rolling-ball and lung parenchyma are mismatched, which results in incomplete restoration of the boundary of lung parenchyma. Therefore, to address these issues, a novel multi-scale elliptic RBM (ME-RBM)
is proposed for pulmonary parenchyma segmentation in this work. Results: The proposed approach was used to segment the lung parenchyma in 60 computed tomography (CT) images. The results revealed an area overlap measure (AOM) of 96.34%, dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 97.83% and
sensitivity (Sens) of 98.93%. Conclusion: A novel modified rolling-ball method was proposed and developed in this work for pulmonary parenchyma segmentation on chest CT images. The experimental results showed that the proposed approach was accurate and reliable.
A Determination Scheme for Quasi-Identifiers Using Uniqueness and Influence for De-Identification of Clinical Data
Authors: Jung Jipmin , Park Phillip , Lee Jaedong , Lee Hyein , Lee Geon Kook , Cha Hyo Soung
Published: November 2019

Background: The accumulation and usefulness of clinical data have increased with IT development. While using clinical data that needs to be identifiable to obtain meaningful information, it is essential to ensure that data is de-identified. Methods: To formulate such a
method, first, primary quasi-identifiers were selected by classifying information in 20 clinical personal information database tables into Direct-Identifier (DID), Quasi-Identifier (QI), Sensitive Attribute (SA), and Non-Sensitive Attribute (NSA) according to its type. Secondary QIs were then
selected by assessing the risk for outliers by measuring uniqueness values of the selected data and scoring re-identification by calculating equivalence class of the influence on other data on QI removal. Third, the risk of re-identification of data users was numeralized and classified. Lastly,
the final QI according to user class was determined by comparing the calculated re-identification scores to the threshold values of user classes. Results: Eventually, final QIs ranging 17 to 28 were selected by making an assumption. Conclusions: Therefore, clinical data users
can securely and efficiently use clinical data containing personal information by objectively selecting QIs using the method proposed in the present study.
Real World and Tropical Cyclone World. Part I: High-Resolution Climate Model Verification
Authors: Sharmila S. , Walsh K. J. E. , Thatcher M. , Wales S. , Utembe S.
Published: November 2019

Recent global climate models with sufficient resolution and physics offer a promising approach for simulating real-world tropical cyclone (TC) statistics and their changing relationship with climate. In the first part of this study, we examine the performance of a high-resolution (~40-km horizontal grid) global climate model, the atmospheric component of the Australian Community Climate and Earth System Simulator (ACCESS) based on the Met Office Unified Model (UM8.5) Global Atmosphere (GA6.0). The atmospheric model is forced with observed sea surface temperature, and 20 years of integrations (1990–2009) are analyzed for evaluating the simulated TC statistics compared with observations. The model reproduces the observed climatology, geographical distribution, and interhemispheric asymmetry of global TC formation rates reasonably well. The annual cycle of regional TC formation rates over most basins is also well captured. However, there are some regional biases in the geographical distribution of TC formation rates. To identify the sources of these biases, a suite of model-simulated large-scale climate conditions that critically modulate TC formation rates are further evaluated, including the assessment of a multivariate genesis potential index. Results indicate that the model TC genesis biases correspond well to the inherent biases in the simulated large-scale climatic states, although the relative effects on TC genesis of some variables differs between basins. This highlights the model’s mean-state dependency in simulating accurate TC formation rates.
Does ENSO Regularity Increase in a Warming Climate?
Authors: Berner Judith , Christensen Hannah M. , Sardeshmukh Prashant D.
Published: November 2019

The impact of a warming climate on El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is investigated in large-ensemble simulations of the Community Earth System Model (CESM1). These simulations are forced by historical emissions for the past and the RCP8.5-scenario emissions for future projections. The simulated variance of the Niño-3.4 ENSO index increases from 1.4°C2 in 1921–80 to 1.9°C2 in 1981–2040 and 2.2°C2 in 2041–2100. The autocorrelation time scale of the index also increases, consistent with a narrowing of its spectral peak in the 3–7-yr ENSO band, raising the possibility of greater seasonal to interannual predictability in the future. Low-order linear inverse models (LIMs) fitted separately to the three 60-yr periods capture the CESM1 increase in ENSO variance and regularity. Remarkably, most of the increase can be attributed to the increase in the 23-month damping time scale of a single damped oscillatory ENSO eigenmode of these LIMs by 5 months in 1981–2040 and 6 months in 2041–2100. These apparently robust projected increases may, however, be compromised by CESM1 biases in ENSO amplitude and damping time scale. An LIM fitted to the 1921–80 observations has an ENSO eigenmode with a much shorter 8-month damping time scale, similar to that of several other eigenmodes. When the mode’s damping time scale is increased by 5 and 6 months in this observational LIM, a much smaller increase of ENSO variance is obtained than in the CESM1 projections. This may be because ENSO is not as dominated by a single ENSO eigenmode in reality as it is in the CESM1.
Of Migrant Slaves and Underground Railroads: Movement, Containment, Freedom
Authors: Stierl Maurice
Published: November 2019

This article explores the figure of the “migrant slave” that appears to conjoin antithetical notions—migration, often associated with intentionality and movement, and slavery, commonly associated with coercion and confinement. The figure of the migrant as slave has been frequently mobilized by “antitrafficking crusaders” in debates over unauthorized forms of trans-Mediterranean crossings to EUrope. Besides scrutinizing the depoliticized and dehistoricized ways in which contemporary migrant journeys have come to be associated with imaginaries of the trans-Atlantic slave trade, this article draws other, actual, comparisons between historic slavery and contemporary forms of migration. It argues that there does exist a historical resonance between the former and the latter. By remembering slave rebellions on land and at sea, the article makes the case that if one had to draw comparisons between historic slaves and contemporary migrants, beyond often crude visual associations, one would need to do so by enquiring into moments in which both enacted escape to a place of perceived freedom. It is shown that the fugitive slave escaping on the “underground railroad” resembles most closely the acts of escape via the Mediterranean and its “underground seaways” today.
Vibrational Dynamics of Carbamazepine: Studies Based on Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction
Authors: Dołęga Agnieszka , Juszyńska-Gałązka Ewa , Deptuch Aleksandra , Jaworska-Gołąb Teresa , Zieliński Piotr M.
Published: November 2019

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to thoroughly study phase transitions taking place during heating–cooling–heating cycle of carbamazepine (CBZ), a well known and commonly used antiepileptic drug. Both techniques revealed cold crystallization taking place during second heating. Moreover, XRD studies for the first time proved the coexistence of CBZ (form I) and iminostilbene (product of the degradation of CBZ) after a heating–cooling cycle. Moving window two-dimensional correlation (MW 2D-COS) spectroscopy and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy were shown to be effective tools to reveal phase sequences and to provide information about the order of sequential changes of bands’ intensities during each phase transition, respectively.
Is There Benefit in Identifying Asthma Triggers During an Exacerbation?
Authors: James Pushpom , Cornish Anna , Brady Kaylan , Morrison Jennifer , Giunta Yvonne , Zuckerman Batya , Hahn Barry
Published: November 2019

Introduction. Allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) testing provides an objective assessment of sensitization to an allergen. Goal. To identify the time when serum measurements of sIgE would be most sensitive. Methods. This was a prospective study conducted between September 1, 2015, and February 25, 2019. Subjects ≥5 and ≤18 years of age, seen in the ED or admitted with an asthma exacerbation, were tested for total IgE and 8 perennial sIgE levels. Subjects with elevated sIgE were tested again after symptom resolution. Results. A total of 104 subjects were enrolled; 50 subjects were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. There were statistically significant differences between the visits for all sIgE, except Alternaria alternatum. Conclusions. In pediatric patients, serum sIgE levels measured during an asthma exacerbation were elevated compared with when their asthma was in better control. sIgE testing during an asthma exacerbation may help identify asthma triggers, mitigate exposure, and hence improve asthma control.
Changing the guard: The dissolution of the nationalist–Marxist orthodoxy in the agrarian and agricultural history of India
Authors: Dewey Clive
Published: November 2019

Shubhra Chakrabarti and Utsa Patnaik, eds, Agrarian and Other Histories: Essays for Binay Bhushan Chaudhuri, New Delhi: Tulika Books, 2017, 326 pp.

Deepak Kumar and Bipasha Raha, eds, Tilling the Land: Agricultural Knowledge and Practices in Colonial India, Delhi: Primus Books, 2016, 323 pp.
Multiculturalism Under Confinement: Prisoner Race Relations Inside Western Canadian Prisons
Authors: Tetrault Justin EC , Bucerius Sandra M , Haggerty Kevin D
Published: November 2019

What do race relations among Canadian prisoners tell us about national mythology, liberal multiculturalism, and racial colour-blindness? Drawing from almost 500 semi-structured interviews conducted with male prisoners inside four provincial institutions in Western Canada as part of the University of Alberta Prison Project, we analyse prisoners’ perceptions of race and detail how their beliefs in Canada’s national mythology – particularly multiculturalism – foster racial colour-blindness in daily prison life. Our data speak to both support for, and critiques of, liberal multiculturalism as a lived political philosophy. For instance, racial colour-blindness helps reduce ethnic conflict and encourages inter-group relations among racially diverse prisoners. As critics of liberal multiculturalism suggest, however, our participants individualized racism, focusing on what is often called ‘overt racism’ (such as white supremacy). Few participants acknowledged ‘structural racism’ or dwelled on the overrepresentation of people of colour in the prison system (even when housed on a unit that could contain over 60 per cent Indigenous prisoners). Some prisoners expressed a belief that Canada had overcome racism.
Subjective Causality and Counterfactuals in the Social Sciences: Toward an Ethnographic Causality?
Authors: Abell Peter , Engel Ofer
Published: November 2019

The article explores the role that subjective evidence of causality and associated counterfactuals and counterpotentials might play in the social sciences where comparative cases are scarce. This scarcity rules out statistical inference based upon frequencies and usually invites in-depth ethnographic studies. Thus, if causality is to be preserved in such situations, a conception of ethnographic causal inference is required. Ethnographic causality inverts the standard statistical concept of causal explanation in observational studies, whereby comparison and generalization, across a sample of cases, are both necessary prerequisites for any causal inference. Ethnographic causality allows, in contrast, for causal explanation prior to any subsequent comparison or generalization.
Chicago Unions Building a Left-Labor-Community Coalition, United Working Families, to Restore Working-Class Democracy
Authors: Farmer Stephanie , Noonan Sean
Published: November 2019

Neoliberal political institutions are beholden to the interests of capital and professional classes, leaving working people and communities of color without a voice to shape priorities that benefit their interests. To counteract this elite-dominated political system, the Service Employees International Union Health Care Indiana and Illinois (SEIU-HCII) and the Chicago Teachers Union (CTU), worked with community organizations to form the United Working Families (UWF) Party of Illinois in 2014. UWF is a model of labor-led working class organizing in the electoral system. UWF brings together a left-labor-community alliance under an independent political party formation to champion a left-wing social democratic platform to empower working class people in their workplaces and communities, and to fight against Black and Brown oppression. UWF has provided leadership trainings for a cadre of working class, people of color and women and has been successful electing their leaders to municipal, county and state level government offices.
Lessons from Lithuania: Teacher beliefs and behaviors in teaching young children to sing
Authors: Hedden Debra G.
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this naturalistic case study was to uncover beliefs and behaviors of successful teachers who produced excellent children’s singing in Lithuania. The research questions guiding the study were: What particular beliefs did music teachers hold about their ability to teach children to sing and the necessary components to teach children good singing? What specific behaviors did music teachers exhibit and embrace in public and singing school music classes to achieve good singing that is accurate, tuneful, resonant, expressive, and in head voice? In this naturalistic case study, data from informants ( N =18) consisted of interviews ( n = 12) and observations in their classrooms ( n = 22) and concerts ( n =7) in an urban area in a city in Lithuania. The conceptual framework underpinning the study was supported by the data, relating to their beliefs and behaviors about their knowledge and skill in teaching, their use of a variety of teaching strategies, and their use of highly sequenced literature. Of most importance was that they emphatically lived their beliefs in order to achieve success with children’s singing. Implications are offered that relate to music teacher preparation.
Prosopography, Networks, Life Course Sequences, and so on. Quantifying with or beyond Bourdieu?
Authors: Rossier Thierry
Published: November 2019

This article focuses on the importance of quantifying Bourdieu’s “research programme”, linked with the concepts of field, habitus, and capital. It presents possible ways of doing statistics within this framework and argues that continuous methodological development should be pursued. To support this argument, the article highlights the methodology and empirical results of a doctoral dissertation on the Swiss field of economic sciences. It stresses the relevance of using a prosopographical strategy and advocates further development of multiple correspondence analysis, and the use of sequence analysis and social network analysis. The main contributions of these methods concern the investigation of subgroup profiles in fields, the trajectories of accumulation and conversion of capitals and the structure of social capital. When asking whether or not we should think with or beyond Bourdieu when suggesting new methodological developments to his programme, this article argues that we ought to think beyond his strict written work, but still within his theoretical framework, which proves particularly relevant to the study of power relations among individuals.
Prevalence and Predictors of Intimate Partner Violence Among Married Women in Egypt
Authors: Yaya Sanni , Hudani Alzahra , Buh Amos , Bishwajit Ghose
Published: November 2019

Intimate partner violence (IPV) among married women of childbearing age can significantly enhance their risk of adverse health outcomes such as injury and disability, depression and anxiety, unwanted pregnancies, premature labor, complications with delivery, and perinatal and neonatal mortality. The objective of this study was to examine the prevalence and individual and societal factors associated with IPV among Egyptian women. Cross-sectional data on 12,205 ever-married women between the ages of 15 to 49 years were collected from the Egypt Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). Data from the 2005 and 2014 EDHS were pooled and analyzed. Self-reported responses on violence by husbands were classified into physical, sexual, and emotional violence. The factors of association were quantified using logistic regression methods. The prevalence of experiencing any form of violence among ever-married women in Egypt was 29.4%. Overall, women reported experiencing physical, emotional, and sexual violence at 26.7%, 17.8%, and 4.6%, respectively. Women in the age group of 25 to 29 years had the highest odds (odds ratio [OR] = 1.539, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.327, 1.785]) of suffering from any form of IPV. Women residing in urban areas (OR = 1.149, 95% CI = [1.046, 1.262]), having only a primary-level education (OR = 1.756, 95% CI = [1.543, 1.999]), being followers of Islam (OR = 1.713, 95% CI = [1.379, 2.126]), and having husbands with no education (OR = 1.422, 95% CI = [1.263, 1.601]) reported having higher odds of experiencing any form of IPV. Nearly one third of married women of childbearing age are exposed to IPV of any form in Egypt. IPV intervention programs should pay special attention to the socioeconomically vulnerable segments of the population and promote educational status among men and women to curb the occurrence of IPV.
Aging With Disability: Populations, Programs, and the New Paradigm An Introduction to the Special Issue
Authors: Molton Ivan R. , Ordway Anne
Published: November 2019

Objective: The purpose of this article is to introduce a special issue dedicated to research at the intersection of aging and disability. Method: We provide some context for the importance of cross-disciplinary collaboration among aging and disability researchers and summarize the nine articles in this issue. Results: Articles in the special issue are centered around several overarching themes. These include meaningful social and community participation, goals and values in the context of disability, and the reach and effectiveness of programs and policies on rehabilitation and service utilization. Conclusion: As care models continue to merge aging and disability services, collaboration among traditional aging and disability research networks can lead to improved outcomes for adults aging with long-term disability.
Technological and economical consideration for turbine blade tip restoration through metal deposition technologies
Authors: Ciappi A , Giorgetti A , Ceccanti F , Canegallo G
Published: November 2019

In the oil and gas industry, repair activities are critical to keep the maintenance costs of turbomachinery equipment down. Several repair technologies can be applied to various components of turbomachines. When dealing with gas turbines, the repair of turbine rotor blades has always been a very sensitive topic, given their critical application and their impact in terms of cost on the whole turbine lifecycle. Specifically, cracking and wearing of blade tips are some of the most common failure modes. Thus, the repair of these failure modes is of paramount importance, both for the original manufacturer as well as its aftermarket competitors. The present paper describes blade tip repair technologies from an original equipment manufacturer standpoint. Three different approaches are introduced and described for tip restoration. Laser cladding is presented first, since it is one of the most common technologies for this application, and then original equipment manufacturer which is currently being applied is presented. Then, cold metal transfer and direct metal laser melting technologies are investigated. A technologic and financial assessment is made to drive the technology selection for the turbine blades restoration.
The lupus patient traveller: a guide to the rheumatologist
Authors: Oliveira D S , Hillal J P D , Cordova D D P , de Araujo D B
Published: November 2019

With an increasing number of international journeys occurring daily, there is also an increase in the need for appropriate medical advice for patients who will undertake such travel. In this context, the lupus patient presents a great challenge to the rheumatologist. However, the demand for such information by patients is low, and it has proven difficult for the medical community to adequately provide it. In this article, we carried out a literature review of the medical recommendations made for the lupus patient in order to guide the rheumatologist through the topic of travel medicine.
Penalized estimation of semiparametric transformation models with interval-censored data and application to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Li Shuwei , Wu Qiwei , Sun Jianguo
Published: November 2019

Variable selection or feature extraction is fundamental to identify important risk factors from a large number of covariates and has applications in many fields. In particular, its applications in failure time data analysis have been recognized and many methods have been proposed for right-censored data. However, developing relevant methods for variable selection becomes more challenging when one confronts interval censoring that often occurs in practice. In this article, motivated by an Alzheimer’s disease study, we develop a variable selection method for interval-censored data with a general class of semiparametric transformation models. Specifically, a novel penalized expectation–maximization algorithm is developed to maximize the complex penalized likelihood function, which is shown to perform well in the finite-sample situation through a simulation study. The proposed methodology is then applied to the interval-censored data arising from the Alzheimer’s disease study mentioned above.
“Be Realistic. Hope for a Miracle”: On the Coexistence of Grief and Optimism Among Caregivers of Patients With Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness
Authors: Yehene Einat , Neeman Yasmin , Zaksh Yael , Elyashiv Maya
Published: November 2019

This cross-sectional study explored caregivers’ views on patient prognosis, alongside dispositional optimism and grief in prolonged disorders of consciousness. Participants were 64 primary family caregivers (aged 34–80 years) of patients diagnosed with either persistent vegetative state or minimal conscious state, all hospitalized in a long-term medical–rehabilitative institute. Caregivers’ views on prognosis were derived from questions designed to assess belief in improvement (Question 1) and medical prospect 5 years forward (Question 2). Grief was assessed using selected scales from the Two-Track Bereavement Questionnaire and dispositional optimism by the Life Orientation Test-Revised. While caregivers’ optimism was significantly higher than the normative population, their grief levels resembled death. Classification based on belief in improvement (Question 1) indicated that despite an equivalent time since injury, caregivers conveying a positive prognosis exhibited intensified grief and were more optimistic, religious, and patient-oriented, relative to those conveying a negative prognosis. Our findings point to caregivers’ utilization of optimism and highlight the importance of seeing hope as a dynamic process in such continuous medical states of uncertainty. Thus, clinical interventions should be attuned to the role dispositional versus unrealistic optimism plays in caregivers’ hope-related goal setting, while working through mitigating their grief.
Are Clinical Outcomes Associated With Medication Regimen Complexity? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Alves-Conceição Vanessa , Rocha Kérilin Stancine Santos , Silva Fernanda Vilanova Nascimento , Silva Rafaella de Oliveira Santos , Cerqueira-Santos Sabrina , Nunes Marco Antônio Prado , Martins-Filho Paulo Ricardo Saquete , da Silva Daniel Tenório , de Lyra Divaldo Pereira
Published: November 2019

Background: Current evidence of the influence of the medication regimen complexity (MRC) on the patients’ clinical outcomes are not conclusive. Objective: To systematically and analytically assess the association between MRC measured by the Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) and clinical outcomes. Methods: A search was carried out in the databases Cochrane Library, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Open Thesis, and Web of Science to identify studies evaluating the association between MRC and clinical outcomes that were published from January 1, 2004, to April 2, 2018. The search terms included outcome assessment, drug therapy, and medication regimen complexity index and their synonyms in different combinations for case-control and cohort studies that used the MRCI to measure MRC and related the MRCI with clinical outcomes. Odds ratios (ORs), hazard ratios (HRs), and mean differences (WMDs) were calculated, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 test. Results: A total of 12 studies met the eligibility criteria. The meta-analysis showed that MRC is associated with the following clinical outcomes: hospitalization (HR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.14 to 1.27; I2 = 0%) in cohort studies, hospital readmissions (WMD = 7.72; 95% CI = 1.19 to 14.25; I2 = 84%) in case-control studies, and medication nonadherence (adjusted OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.07; I2 = 0%) in cohort studies. Conclusion and Relevance: This systematic review and meta-analysis gathered relevant scientific evidence and quantified the combined estimates to show the association of MRC with clinical outcomes: hospitalization, hospital readmission, and medication adherence.
Writing Group Increases Quality Improvement Writing Competency
Authors: Balch Samora Julie , Spencer Sandra P. , Valleru Jahnavi , Bartman Thomas , Brilli Richard J. , Davis Melody , Davis J. Terrance , McClead Richard , Crandall Wallace
Published: November 2019

Quality improvement (QI) is critically important in current medical practice. Although many QI courses teach improvement science and methods, formal education in writing QI manuscripts for academic journal publication is lacking. The authors developed a QI Writing program, consisting of educational sessions with both coach and peer mentors, to improve comfort and productivity in preparing QI manuscripts for publication. Program participants conducted pre- and post-course QI writing skills self-evaluations in 4 competency domains: SQUIRE guidelines, writing for peer-reviewed journals, QI publication submission steps, and critically examining QI results. Course success was measured by the number of manuscripts submitted for publication. QI writing competencies doubled in 3 of 4 domains and increased 70% in the fourth. Fifteen of 17 (88%) course participants submitted manuscripts to a peer-reviewed journal, and 12 have been accepted to date. A formal writing group with didactic content and committed mentors increases QI writing competencies and manuscript submissions to peer-reviewed journals.
Effects of Cross-Age Tutors With EBD for Kindergarteners At Risk of Mathematics Difficulties
Authors: Watts Gavin W. , Bryant Diane Pedrotty , Roberts Garrett J.
Published: November 2019

Challenges with numerical proficiency at an early age can lead to substantial gaps in learning and are associated with detrimental long-term outcomes. In addition, students with emotional–behavioral disorders (EBD) can have some of the most challenging behavioral and academic needs to address. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects and collateral outcomes of utilizing cross-age tutors (i.e., older students) with/at risk of EBD to deliver a number line board game intervention to kindergarten students at risk of mathematics disabilities. A multiple baseline design across participants was utilized to evaluate the following research questions: (a) What are the effects of a number line game delivered by a cross-age tutor with EBD on the mathematics performance of kindergarten students with mathematics difficulties? (b) Can students with EBD implement tutoring procedures with fidelity? (c) What are the effects of the cross-age tutoring training and implementation on the tutors’ classroom behaviors and risk-status for EBD? Tutoring sessions took place for 25–30 min, 3 times per week, over 10 weeks. Results suggest cross-age tutoring to be an effective and feasible model for improving mathematics performance of at-risk kindergarteners and, to a lesser extent, the behavioral performance of students with EBD.
Efficacy and Safety of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Asians With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xiong Qinmei , Wang Cen , Liu Hualong , Tan Zhaochong , Chen Chen , Li Juxiang , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Hong Kui
Published: November 2019

There are few head-to-head trials directly comparing non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) against one other. A network meta-analysis (NMA) was performed to examine the indirect comparisons among NOACs in Asians with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). STATA 15.0 and ADDIS 1.16.8 softwares were used to perform the statistical analysis. Odds ratios with 95% credible intervals were applied to evaluate the end points. The probabilities of treatment rank were used to understand which interventions are more effective and safe, and the total rank probability was 1. In our NMA, the rank probabilities of apixaban in the case of stroke or systemic embolism, death from any cause, major bleeding, and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) were 0.47, 0.49, 0.42, and 0.51, respectively. For cases of myocardial infarction, the rank probabilities of rivaroxaban were 0.40. This NMA indirectly compares the main efficacy and safety end points among NOACs in Asians with NVAF, and the rank probability analysis showed that apixaban likely performs best in cases of stroke or systemic embolism, death from any cause, and ICH; rivaroxaban may have the best performance for myocardial infarction.
The Promise of the Trans* Body: Twisted Liminalities of Gender in Transparent
Authors: Carlson David Lee , Sweet Joseph David
Published: November 2019

This article employs the feminist thought of Helene Cixous to explore the liminality of gender. It does so through the story of Maura in the popular television show, Transparent. The article begins with a review of the history of the term “transgender” and links it to Cixous’s theory. After explicating Cixous’s theory, we “wander” through the character of Maura. We use Cixous’s notion of wandering to show how Maura moved from being the patriarch of the family to being a trans* woman. The article illustrates how liminality of gender exists as a whirlpool and as a promise for gender to be written as text as flesh.
Regulating Bodies: Children and Sexual Violence
Authors: Hlavka Heather R.
Published: November 2019

The interdisciplinary silences on sexual violence and the omission of children and youth from social science research speak volumes of the power of the child as a flexible, cultural signifier. In this article, I argue that dominant frameworks of children and childhood make child sexual assault a discursive impossibility for most young people. The epistemic violence of silencing matters, and it is these erasures that are fundamental to understanding violence and power. I argue it is paramount for feminist researchers to call attention to the undermining qualities of Institutional Review Boards that act as gatekeepers of representation and voice.
Twenty-Five Years of Research and Advocacy on Violence Against Women: What Have We Accomplished, and Where Do We Go From Here? A Conversation
Authors: Raphael Jody , Rennison Callie Marie , Jones Nikki
Published: November 2019

This article is a conversation between two academic experts, Callie Rennison and Nikki Jones, who endeavor to sum up what has been accomplished in eliminating violence against women in the United States during the 25 years of the journal’s existence. Domestic violence, rape, and sexual harassment are discussed. Although prevalence rates are down in domestic violence, rape and sexual harassment remain persistent problems. Looking at violence against women from an analysis of President Trump voters in the 2016 U.S. presidential election, Rennison and Jones observe the extent to which the current ideas and attitudes of women—both young and old—will need to change before violence can be eliminated. Rather than viewing events in the United States as totally negative, they see them as presenting new opportunities for greater understanding of violence against women and for new methods of prevention and perpetrator accountability.
Critical Masculinity Studies and Research on Violence Against Women: An Assessment of Past Scholarship and Future Directions
Authors: Morris Edward W. , Ratajczak Kathleen
Published: November 2019

This article investigates the role of critical masculinity theory on the field of violence against women (VAW). We conduct a meta-analysis to discern which theories of masculinity have been used within the journal Violence Against Women over the past 25 years. This search revealed that many articles use masculinity concepts but do not always articulate explicit theories of masculinity. We review hegemonic masculinity and male peer support, two of the most commonly used theories of masculinity and violence. We then discuss new developments within masculinity scholarship, including theories of manhood acts, inclusive masculinity, and hybrid masculinity, and consider how these perspectives can enhance the already robust scholarship on masculinity and VAW.