bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEGAL CHALLENGES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ROBOTICS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors: Chidiogo Uzoamaka Akpuokwe  , Adekunle Oyeyemi Adeniyi  , Seun Solomon Bakare  , Nkechi Emmanuella Eneh
Published: March 2024

The paper presents an insightful overview of the intricate legal challenges posed by the proliferation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Robotics. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted dimensions of the evolving legal landscape, addressing issues at the intersection of technology and law. Key focal points include the accountability and liability frameworks for autonomous AI systems, ethical considerations in the deployment of intelligent machines, and the complex dynamics of data privacy in the age of pervasive automation. The review delves into the intricate legal nuances surrounding intellectual property rights, particularly as AI systems contribute to creative outputs and innovation. It navigates the blurred lines between human and machine authorship, raising fundamental questions about ownership and protection in this digital era. Moreover, the paper emphasizes the global nature of these challenges, highlighting the imperative for international cooperation to formulate harmonized legal standards. As AI and robotics revolutionize industries and societal frameworks, the analysis underscores the critical need for adaptive and anticipatory legal frameworks. It explores how existing legal paradigms are grappling with the unprecedented speed of technological advancements and the ethical dilemmas arising from the delegation of decision-making to intelligent algorithms. The paper sets the stage for a thorough examination of the legal intricacies surrounding AI and robotics. It advocates for a proactive and collaborative approach, involving legal experts, technologists, ethicists, and policymakers in crafting robust frameworks that balance innovation with ethical, privacy, and accountability considerations. This review serves as a foundational resource for understanding and addressing the legal challenges inherent in the transformative era of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics.

Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Robotics, Legal, AI challenges, Ethics, Review.
STRATEGIES FOR LEVERAGING BIG DATA AND ANALYTICS FOR BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ACROSS SECTORS
Authors: Nneka Adaobi Ochuba  , Olukunle Oladipupo Amoo  , Enyinaya Stefano Okafor  , Olatunji Akinrinola  , Favour Oluwadamilare Usman
Published: March 2024

In today's data-driven world, the ability to effectively leverage big data and analytics has become a key driver of business development across sectors. This comprehensive review explores strategies for leveraging big data and analytics to drive business development, focusing on key trends, challenges, and best practices. The review begins by highlighting the importance of big data and analytics in enabling companies to gain actionable insights from vast amounts of data. It then examines various strategies for leveraging big data and analytics, including data collection, processing, analysis, and visualization. Key trends in the field of big data and analytics are discussed, such as the increasing use of artificial intelligence and machine learning to automate data analysis processes. The review also addresses challenges associated with big data and analytics, such as data privacy and security concerns, and offers solutions to overcome these challenges. Best practices for leveraging big data and analytics for business development are outlined, including the importance of data quality, governance, and collaboration across departments. Case studies from various sectors, such as healthcare, finance, and retail, are presented to illustrate successful implementations of big data and analytics strategies. In conclusion, the review emphasizes the importance of leveraging big data and analytics to drive business development in today's competitive landscape. It highlights the need for companies to adopt a strategic approach to data management and analytics to unlock the full potential of their data and gain a competitive edge in their respective industries.

Keywords: Strategies, Big Data, Analytics, Business Development: Leveraging.
FINTECH, TAXATION, AND REGULATORY COMPLIANCE: NAVIGATING THE NEW FINANCIAL LANDSCAPE
Authors: Omotoya Bukola Adeoye  , Wihelmina Afua Addy  , Olubusola Odeyemi  , Chinwe Chinazo Okoye  , Onyeka Chrisanctus Ofodile  , Adedoyin Tolulope Oyewole  , Yinka James Ololade
Published: March 2024

The emergence of financial technology (Fintech) has revolutionized the global financial landscape, offering innovative solutions that challenge traditional banking systems and investment practices. This review explores the intersection of Fintech, taxation, and regulatory compliance, highlighting the complexities and opportunities within this dynamic ecosystem. Fintech encompasses a wide range of technologies, including blockchain, artificial intelligence, and mobile payment systems, which have streamlined financial services and expanded access to capital markets. However, this rapid evolution poses significant challenges for taxation and regulatory frameworks. Traditional tax laws struggle to keep pace with the speed and complexity of digital transactions, leading to uncertainties in tax treatment and enforcement. Navigating the tax implications of Fintech requires a nuanced understanding of digital assets, decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms, and cross-border transactions. Tax authorities worldwide are grappling with these challenges, seeking to balance innovation and compliance while ensuring a fair and transparent tax regime. The review examines various approaches adopted by governments and regulatory bodies to address Fintech taxation, including legislative reforms, international cooperation, and the use of advanced data analytics. Furthermore, regulatory compliance remains a critical concern for Fintech firms, as they must navigate a labyrinth of rules and standards across jurisdictions. Compliance requirements vary widely, ranging from anti-money laundering (AML) regulations to data protection laws, presenting operational and legal challenges for market participants. The review discusses strategies for achieving regulatory compliance in the Fintech sector, emphasizing the importance of proactive risk management, regulatory engagement, and technological solutions such as RegTech. Despite these challenges, the convergence of Fintech, taxation, and regulatory compliance offers immense opportunities for innovation and growth. By embracing digital transformation and adopting agile regulatory frameworks, governments and businesses can unlock the full potential of Fintech while safeguarding financial stability and integrity. This review provides insights into the evolving landscape of Fintech taxation and regulatory compliance, highlighting key trends, challenges, and best practices for navigating this new frontier in finance.

Keywords:  Fintech, Taxation, Financial, Technology, Review.
EBÛ DÂVÛD’UN CERH VE TA‘DÎL METODU
Authors: Kaya Halil
Published: March 2024

Kur’ân-ı Kerim’den sonra İslam dininin en önemli kaynağı şüphesiz sünnettir. Sünnet; sonraki nesillere, uygulama ve rivâyetler üzerinden ulaşmıştır. Bir rivâyetin sağlam olup olmadığını tespit etmek için hem sened hem de metin yönünden araştırılması gerekir. Senedin ana iskeletini oluşturan unsur ise isnadda yer alan râvilerdir. Râvileri merkeze alan ilim ise cerh ve ta‘dîldir. Bu nedenle ilk dönemlerden itibaren bu ilme önem verilmiş ve bu alanda eserler telif edilmiştir. Daha sonraki dönemlerde ise cerh ve ta‘dîl ilmi sistematik bir hale getirilmiştir. Son dönemlerde de bu alanla ilgili birçok akademik çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmaların bir kısmında cerh ve ta‘dîl ilmi usul yönünden ele alınırken; diğer bir kısmında ise bu ilim ile ilgili görüş beyan eden münekkitler esas alınmıştır. Râvilerle ilgili değerlendirmelerde bulunan muhaddislerden biri de Yaḥyâ b. Ma‘în, Aḥmed b. Ḥanbel gibi dönemin meşhur münekkitlerinin rahle-i tedrisatında bulunan Ebû Dâvûd’dur. Bu çalışmada Ebû Dâvûd’un cerh ve ta‘dîl ile ilgili verdiği bilgilerden ve zikrettiği örneklerden hareketle onun cerh ve ta‘dîl metodu tespit edilecektir. Bununla birlikte râvi değerlendirmelerinde kullandığı cerh ve ta‘dîl lafızlarına da değinilecektir. Ayrıca Ebû Dâvûd’un cerh ve ta‘dîl kaynaklarına ve bu alandaki konumuna da kısaca temas edilecektir.
IMPLEMENTASI NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA DALAM PROSES PEMBELAJARAN DI MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH
Authors: ARIANY FARIDA , ROHIYATUN BAIQ , GARNIKA ENENG
Published: March 2024

This research aims to describe the implementation of Pancasila values in learning activities at MTs Darunnajah Al-Falah. This type of research is qualitative descriptive research. The research subjects were school principals, teachers and students. Data collection was carried out by interviews, observation and documentation. Data was analyzed by means of data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. The data validity checking technique uses triangulation techniques. The research results show that the implementation of Pancasila values in the learning process is quite good. Teachers implement Pancasila values by including them in teaching methods, attitudes towards students, and routine school activities. Teachers always remind students who violate Pancasila values. Supporting factors for implementing Pancasila values are awareness and support from school principals, teachers and a supportive school environment. The obstacles faced by schools are that there are several children who are difficult to advise and the habits of children outside of school are not good. Schools overcome these obstacles by continuing to familiarize, guide and coach children.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di MTs Darunnajah Al-Falah. Jenis Penelitian ini yaitu penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah kepala sekolah, guru dan siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan cara reduksi data, display data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Teknik pemeriksaan keabsahan data menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam proses pembelajaran sudah cukup baik. Guru mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai Pancasila dengan memasukkannya dalam metode mengajar, sikap terhadap siswa, dan kegiatan rutin sekolah. Guru selalu mengingatkan siswa yang melanggar nilai-nilai Pancasila. Faktor pendukung dari implementasi nilai-nilai Pancasila yaitu adanya kesadaran, dan dukungan dari kepala sekolah, guru, serta lingkungan sekolah yang mendukung. Hambatan yang dihadapi sekolah yaitu adanya beberapa anak yang sulit dinasehati dan kebiasaan anak di luar sekolah yang kurang baik. Sekolah mengatasi hambatan tersebut dengan terus melakukan pembiasaan, bimbingan, dan pembinaan kepada anak.
MODEL DAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: MUBAROK MUSLIM
Published: March 2024

The main focus in thematic learning is on student understanding and the development of relevant skills along with understanding the concept. The article also discusses the importance of distinguishing between teaching and learning, where teaching refers to the teacher's efforts in facilitating the achievement of students' learning goals, while learning highlights the interactions between teachers and students. There are three main models in thematic learning: Connection Model, Spider Web Model, and Integration Model, each of which has advantages and disadvantages in integrating subjects. The Spider Web Model adopts a thematic approach by using themes as a link between subjects. The Integration Model seeks to create connections between concepts, skills, topics, ideas, and activities within a particular field of study, but requires greater collaboration between teachers and a mature curriculum. The Connectedness Model, basically, creates connections between concepts, skills, topics, ideas and activities in a particular field of study by utilizing themes as a link.
ABSTRAKFokus utama dalam pembelajaran tematik adalah overpada pemahaman siswa dan perkembangan keterampilan yang relevan seiring dengan pemahaman konsep tersebut. Artikel juga membahas pentingnya membedakan antara pengajaran dan pembelajaran, di mana pengajaran merujuk pada upaya guru dalam memfasilitasi pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran siswa, sementara pembelajaran menyoroti interaksi antara guru dan siswa. Terdapat tiga model utama dalam pembelajaran tematik: Model Keterhubungan, Model Jaring Laba-laba, dan Model Keterpaduan, yang masing-masing memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan dalam mengintegrasikan mata pelajaran. Model Jaring Laba-laba mengadopsi pendekatan tematik dengan menggunakan tema sebagai pengikat antara mata pelajaran. Model Keterpaduan berusaha menciptakan keterhubungan antara konsep, keterampilan, topik, ide, dan kegiatan dalam satu bidang studi tertentu, namun memerlukan kolaborasi yang lebih besar antara guru dan kurikulum yang matang. Model Keterhubungan, pada dasarnya, menciptakan keterkaitan antara konsep, keterampilan, topik, ide, dan kegiatan dalam satu bidang studi tertentu dengan memanfaatkan tema sebagai penghubung.
EMPATI, KUALITAS PERTEMANAN DAN CYBERBULLYING PADA REMAJA AKHIR PENGGUNA TIKTOK
Authors: YUSTININGSIH FATIMA
Published: March 2024

The increasingly rapid development of information and communication technology has had both positive and negative impacts, one of which is the emergence of the phenomenon of cyberbullying as a negative impact of this development. This study aims to determine the influence of empathy and friendship quality on cyberbullying in late adolescent TikTok users. This research involved 103 late teenage TikTok users. The sampling technique was determined using a non-probability sampling technique, namely purposive sampling, with the criteria of late teens using TikTok. Data collection in this research used a questionnaire method. The results of this study show that there is an influence between empathy and friendship quality on cyberbullying of 0.349 (p<0.05). This research shows that empathy has a greater influence than the quality of friendship.
ABSTRAKBerkembangnya teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang semakin pesat, memberikan dampak positif dan negatif, salah satunya muncul fenomena cyberbullying sebagai dampak negatif dari perkembangan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh empati dan kualitas pertemanan terhadap cyberbullying pada remaja akhir pengguna TikTok. Penelitian ini melibatkan 103 orang remaja akhir pengguna TikTok. Teknik pengambilan sampel ditentukan dengan teknik non-probability sampling yaitu purposive sampling, dengan kriteria remaja akhir yang menggunakan TikTok. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara empati dan kualitas pertemanan terhadap cyberbullying sebesar 0,349 (p<0.05). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa empati memiliki pengaruh yang lebih besar dibandingkan kualitas pertemanan.
AS HISTÓRIAS EM QUADRINHOS COMO RECURSO PEDAGÓGICO PARA O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Vieira Talita Cavalcante , Silva Junior João Batista Araujo da , Mota Lauro Araujo , Ferreira Daniele Alves , Nunes Rodolfo de Melo , Mota Ana Paula de Araújo
Published: March 2024

Na formação inicial, o pensamento reflexivo é essencial, pois o futuro docente precisa refletir sobre sua atuação no ambiente educativo, pensando em metodologias e estratégias para contribuir com o ensino e aprendizagem. As histórias em quadrinhos são aliadas valiosas para os professores, devido à sua linguagem atrativa e divertida, que permite abordar várias temáticas, incluindo ciências. Este estudo busca entender como estudantes de pedagogia percebem o uso de histórias em quadrinhos no ensino de ciências. O trabalho visa apresentar as concepções dos alunos sobre as dificuldades e possibilidades da produção de HQs para trabalhar os conteúdos de ciências da natureza. A pesquisa utilizou uma abordagem quali-quantitativa, incluindo análise documental, questionários, observações e narrativas da pesquisadora. Os resultados destacam que, apesar dos desafios, a produção de HQs é um recurso rico para abordar diversos conhecimentos, temas de ciências e outras disciplinas de forma lúdica, contribuindo para a formação dos participantes ao incentivá-los a explorar estratégias e recursos diversificados em sua prática profissional.
MANEJO CIRÚRGICO DA DOENÇA DE CROHN: UMA REVISÃO DAS INDICAÇÕES, TÉCNICAS DE ABORDAGEM E CUIDADOS PÓS-OPERATÓRIOS
Authors: Gomes Filho Paulo Afonso Vieira , Urankar Luísa Akl , Aguiar Kamila Rabelo Carneiro Cury , Rodrigues Lara Rayana Pereira , Melo Isabela Miranda de , Vamszer Marco Vidal Assad Machado , Andrade Carolina Guerra Fagundes de , Teixeira Marcela Larissa Miranda de Paulo , Magalhães Gabriela Fernandes Dayrell , Martins Lethycia Milhomem , Fé Luana Moura Luz , Gomes Neto Adoaldo Fernandes , Pereira Bruno de Freitas Ricardo , Caeiro Arthur Moreira
Published: March 2024

A Doença de Crohn (DC) é uma condição crônica que afeta o trato gastrointestinal, caracterizada por inflamação que pode ocorrer em várias partes do sistema digestivo. Embora sua causa exata não seja totalmente compreendida, fatores como alterações na microbiota intestinal, predisposição genética e disfunção imunológica desempenham papéis importantes em seu desenvolvimento. O diagnóstico da DC é feito por meio de uma combinação de exames clínicos, endoscópicos, radiológicos e histológicos. O tratamento visa reduzir a inflamação intestinal e induzir remissão dos sintomas, através de medicamentos como. Em casos graves ou refratários, a cirurgia pode ser necessária. Após a intervenção cirúrgica, o manejo pós-operatório é crucial e requer uma abordagem individualizada.  A vigilância pós-operatória é essencial para detectar precocemente qualquer recorrência da doença, permitindo intervenções rápidas. Com uma abordagem multidisciplinar e estratégias de tratamento individualizadas, é possível melhorar a qualidade de vida e reduzir complicações em pacientes com DC.
PENAFSIRAN AYAT PERANG DAN DAMAI DALAM PERSPEKTIF MUHAMMAD QURAISH SHIHAB
Authors: Rokan Muhammad Ade Maulana
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The war verses contained in the Koran essentially have a content and purpose for a purpose. Thus it is not appropriate to confront between the verses of peace and the verses of war. Some people misunderstand that the verses of war have invalidated the verses about peace. He also reminded that do not ever think that a Muslim is obliged to Islamize the whole world. The war to convert people to Islam never existed. The war is to defend religion, to defend belief in order to achieve peace. He emphasized that the war verse was basically aimed at peace. Therefore, if there is a war between the Muslims and other people and then ask for peace, then the Muslims must accept the invitation for peace.

 

Keywords: War and peace
RAGAM EKSPRESI BERAGAMA: AGAMA DALAM PERSPEKTIF SOSIOLOGI
Authors: Rambe Toguan , Sari Seva Maya , Rambe Nurhayani
Published: March 2024

Abstrack

Religion is understood as a universal phenomenon in human life as a whole, from the primitive to the ultra-modern, with such conditions humans are often defined as religious creatures. In a sociological perspective, religion is seen as a belief system that is manifested in certain social behaviors related to human religious practice. So that every behavior he plays will be related to the belief system of the religious teachings he adheres to. Human religious behavior in social studies is played by the strength of the values of religious teachings that were internalized before. This study uses a sociological approach to religion which is understood from a sociological perspective as a social phenomenon displayed by humans and community groups. Religion and religious behavior grow and develop from a sense of human dependence on supernatural powers which they feel as a source of life. Therefore, in a sociological perspective, there are several efforts and aspects that are very important in religion, namely: Belief (Religious Belief, Ritual and Ceremony (Religious Ritiual), Personal Experience (Religious Experience), Moral Community (Religious Community). The purpose of this study is to understand social phenomena related to various human expressions in religion, both in worship and muamalat. The importance of a sociological approach in understanding religion can be understood because there are many religious teachings related to social problems, so this study is a contribution and solution to the social problems of religious communities.

 

Keywords: Expression, Religion and Sociology.
RESOLUSI KONFLIK RUMAH IBADAH (STUDI KASUS ATAS KERUSAKAN MASJID AL AMIN)
Authors: Arifinsyah Arifinsyah , Siregar Husna Sari , Nasution Rahmad Syahputra
Published: March 2024

Abstarck

In dealing with a conflict between two groups, it is necessary to respect each other and be willing to listen to each other's opinions. Such as the social disparity in the community in KenanganBaru Village, Percut Sei Tuan District, regarding the sense of intolerance between Muslims who are worshiping and customers of the taverns who make a fuss by singing while music as loud as possible, so that a sense of intolerance and lack of other people's opinions. To get complete information about the problems that occur in the Kelurahan, I use a type of qualitative research method, namely research that aims to get closer to the in-depth description of the perpetrators, parties, victims and also observe from one individual to another in certain settings that are studied from the point of view. comprehensive social and religious sciences. The methodology used in this study is a sociological approach, which is an approach that focuses on the interaction of religion and society. After the holding of mediation by the BKM, FKUB and traditional leaders to resolve the problems between the mosque and the taverns, they held a peace agreement dialogue to tolerate and respect the opinions of others, and as a result, the life of the people of KenanganBaru Village has reached the peak of peace and there is no more rioting. as well as the destruction of places of worship.
Keyword : Conflict Resolution, Religion, Houses of Worship.
MARARI SABTU DALAM UGAMO MALIM PADA KOMUNITAS PARMALIM DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Insani Kori , Syahminan Mhd. , Jailani Muhammad
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine the process of the Marari Saturday ritual ceremony and to find out the impact or influence of Marari Saturday in the lives of the people of Ugamo Malim adherents. In this study, the author uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. And the theory used in this study uses the structural-functional theory proposed by Bronislaw K. Malinowski. The process of collecting data using observation, direct interviews accompanied by documentation. From the results of the research, it is known that the Saturday Marari process is an action that is usually carried out by Parmalim people to honor Ompung Debata Mulajadi Nabolon. Every Saturday, Parmalim parishioners gather at a predetermined place in the Medan City branch, namely Bale Parsantian to worship and be grateful for Ompung Debata Mulajadi Nabolon and at that time these individuals are given poda or directions to be more firm in their behavior in carrying out their Ugamo . In the ritual ceremony of Marari Saturday, it is influential in the life of the people of Ugamo Malim followers. Which is influential in social life, such as, influencing social ties or solidarity that exists between fellow adherents and local residents and can be useful for those around them, in religious life it affects the life of community harmony and blessings in carrying out the life given by Ompung Debata Mulajadi Nabolo, especially the community. Parmalim. In economic life, it affects the lives of its adherents, and in Parmalim's teachings, Patik ordered his followers to work hard, think logically, and not expect the mercy of others. And in the field of education, the ritual ceremony of the Saturday Marari has a fairly important influence, because Parmalim always emphasizes that knowledge is very much needed in the development of the education of its adherents.
PERAN FORUM KERUKUNAN UMAT BERAGAMA (FKUB) DALAM MENYELESAIKAN KONFLIK PENDIRIAN RUMAH IBADAH DI ASIA MEGA MAS
Authors: Fitriani Fitriani , Siregar Khoirul Azhar
Published: March 2024

Conflict is a phenomenon that often occurs in society. Be it conflicts over religious nuances or conflicts regarding social and culture, likewise with the phenomenon that occurred at the Amal gathering mosque on asia street. There is a plan demolish the mosque, conflik can usually be resolved by means of deliberation by summoning traditional leaders. Relegius, leader and local government officials, and summoning mass organizations so that they can mdiate between those in conflict.Bath from the government and the police, and the religious hormony forum. The goal is so that conflict does not occur prolongend which wiil relult in bloods shed. The method, with the sociology of conflict approach is an approach to seeing the reality of how phenomena occur in the community and seeing how life is. From this researcher, the researcher knows how the eerly history of the conflict in the establish ment of houses of worship on jalan asia. The asia mega mas complex. And how the religious harmony forum deals with conflicts over eviction of houses of worship, and what are the inlibiting factor in resolving conflict is over the construction of houses of worship. As for the results achieved in resolving conflicts over the construction of houses of worship, namely by making reconciliation between the local community and the state enterprise so that there is no prolonged conflict which wiil result in prolonged en mity.
FENOMENA SAMPURAGA PERSFEKTIF MASYARAKAT DESA SIRAMBAS KABUPATEN MANDAILING NATAL
Authors: Harahap Indra , Ashani Sholahuddin , Alawiyah Tuti
Published: March 2024

Every religious teaching and any dogma to do good or to be devoted to both parents is a teaching obligation for every child, How many incidents of children disobeying their parents, God quickly cursed this despicable act. The Sampuraga phenomenon is found in Sirambas Village which tells the story of a child who is disobedient to his mother. His treatment of not acknowledging his biological mother and ordering the ulubalang to drag and expel his pregnant mother until her clothes tore into a problem point in this study. The formulation of the problem in this study is the view of the people of Sirambas Village on the Sampuraga phenomenon. And the effectiveness of the Sampuraga phenomenon in realizing the noble character of the Millennial Generation. This problem is studied through field research methods with a phenomenological approach. And use interaction theory. The data collection techniques in this study using interview and documentation techniques. The results of this study found that some of the people of Sirambas Village, Panyabungan Barat District, believed that the phenomenon of the hot springs of Sampuraga was the incarnation of Sampuraga who was disobedient to his mother. this is illustrated when Sampuraga does not recognize his biological mother. Even ordered the ulubalang to expel the mother.some people think the story is just a folk tale. The people of Sirambas Village agree that there is a positive influence from the Sampuraga phenomenon to realize the noble character of children. There are moral and religious messages contained in the Sampuraga phenomenon that can be used as learning media in realizing noble character in children.
PANDANGAN MASYARAKAT SEI KEPAYANG TERHADAP ILMU PERBANDINGAN AGAMA
Authors: Harahap Indra , Afni Lidia
Published: March 2024

Religion and religious life are inseparable elements of human life and the cultural system of mankind. Since the beginning of human culture, religion and religious life have been symptomatic in life, even giving the style and form of all cultural behavior. Religion and religious behavior grow and develop from a sense of human dependence on supernatural powers that they feel as the source of their life. Comparative Religion Science is a science that studies the origin of the formation of a religion, the characteristics and structure of a religion as well as what problems are contained in that religion. It is also stated that, Comparative Religion is a branch of science that has an effort to investigate the symptoms and understand the religious aspects or attitudes of a belief as well as its relationship with other religions including similarities and differences. Thus, it will be possible to compare a religion/belief with other religions/beliefs with the aim of recognizing various religions/beliefs and also being able to mediate between the problems that exist in the religious community. So far, the people of Sei Kepayag are still very layman and most of them do not know or even know nothing about Comparative Religion.
TINJAUAN SURAH AL-BAQARAH 221 TERHADAP RELEVANSI PERNIKAHAN BEDA AGAMA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Bariki Yusril , Afifah Nur
Published: March 2024

Interfaith marriage is widely discussed and researched by kiyais or ustadz as well as scholars from various places. But none of the answers were lasting and the issues kept coming. By using the library research method or library research, it means collecting data using books or journals etc. It could be interpreted that related to interfaith marriages finds Surah Al-Baqarah: 221 that it is expressly prohibited, in the opinion that is pro-argument, that when you are not married it will have a worse impact, because you both like each other. As for the cons, they defended that in religious rules it is not permissible to marry someone who is not of the same faith.
KONSTRUK HATI MASYARAKAT IMOGIRI TERHADAP RITUAL MONG-MONG PEDET (APLIKASI TEORI EVANS-PRITCHARD)
Authors: Fauziah Wiwi
Published: March 2024

His study examines sacred phenomenon of the Imogiri village community inBantul district, Yogyakarta. This phenomenon is a ritual to welcome the birth oflivestock such as goats, cows and buffalo or called mong-mong pedet. Using theEvans-Pritchard's viewofempiricalanthropologicalapproach, this researchwill thoroughly examine the mong-mong pedet ritual by going directly to thefield. Thus, focus of this research does not only touch on religion, but all aspectssurrounding the sociology of the Imogiri village community. This research is aqualitative-empirical study that uses two sources of material. The primary datasourcesfrominterviewswith residentsofImogiri.Thenthe secondarydatasources come from support information such as books, journals and other. Thisstudyfoundthatthemong-mongpedetritualisanacculturationofreligionsand cultures thatstillexistandare sacredinthemidstofincreasingly moderndevelopments.Eventhoughtheritualseenasprimitive,theconstructoftheheartoftheImogiripeopleseesthemong-mongcalfritualasaformofcommunity gratitude for something received, namely the birth of a child fromtheir livestock. It shows the position of reasoning of the Imogiri people that theritualarerational and normalfor them.
Description and validation of the ice sheet model Nix v1.
Authors: Moreno-Parada Daniel , Robinson Alexander , Montoya Marisa , Alvarez-Solas Jorge
Published: March 2024

We present a physical description of the ice-sheet model Nix v1.0, an open-source project intended for collaborative development. Nix is a 2D thermomechanical model written in C/C++ that simultaneously solves for the momentum balance equations, mass conservation and temperature evolution. Nix's velocity solver includes a hierarchy of Stokes approximations: Blatter-Pattyn, depth-integrated higher order, shallow-shelf and shallow-ice. The grounding-line position is explicitly solved by a moving coordinate system that avoids further interpolations. The model can be easily forced with any external boundary conditions, including those of stochastic nature. Nix has been verified for standard test problems. Here we show results for a number of benchmark tests from standard intercomparison projects and assess grounding-line migration with an overdeepened bed geometry. Lastly, we further exploit the thermomechanical coupling by designing a suite of experiments where the forcing is a physical variable, unlike previously idealised forcing scenarios where ice temperatures are implicitly fixed via an ice rate factor. Namely, we use atmospheric temperatures and oceanic temperature anomalies to assess model hysteresis behaviour with active thermodynamics. Our results show that hysteresis in an overdeepened bed geometry is similar for atmospheric and oceanic forcings. We find that not only the particular sub-shelf melting parametrisation determines the temperature anomaly at which the ice sheet retreats, but also the particular value of calibrated heat exchange velocities. Notably, the classical hysteresis loop is narrowed for both forcing scenarios (i.e., atmospheric and oceanic) if the ice sheet is thermomechanically active as a results of the internal feedback among ice temperature, stress balance and viscosity. In summary, Nix combines rapid computational capabilities with a Blatter-Pattyn stress balance fully coupled to a thermomechanical solver, not only validating against established benchmarks but also offering a powerful tool for advancing our insight on ice dynamics and grounding line stability.
ECS (Extremely compact sources) potential field filtering. The case of Greenland and Antarctica ice mass balance (2002-2017).
Authors: Maiolino Marco , Fedi Maurizio , Florio Giovanni
Published: March 2024

We introduce a novel estimation technique to assess the overall mass variations of the Greenland and Antarctica ice sheets. Interpreting GRACE data encounters a significant challenge due to the leakage effect resulting from the presence of outlying melting ice bodies, causing gravitational effects to interfere with each other. Our estimation employs an innovative approach that leverages the non-uniqueness of the gravity field, using a hypercompact model of the sources through an iterative inversion. Furthermore, thanks to to the extreme compactness of the sources, our method enables a more unambiguous quantification of total mass loss in the study area. We apply our method to time-varying NASA GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) Stoke's coefficient data spanning from 2002 to 2017. Over a 15-year period, the GRACE and subsequent GRACE-FO missions provided a distinctive to map the Earth's gravitational field time variations. In recent years, recognizing the ice sheet's total mass response to climate change has become pivotal in comprehending phenomena such as sea level rise associated with grounded ice melting and quantifying the retreat of ice sheet fronts in polar regions, offering the scientific community a fresh perspective on unknown ice sheet dynamics.
Estimating marine carbon sink in an Arctic shelf Sea using machine learning and remotely sensed data
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed , Duke Patrick , Else Brent , Papakyriakou Tim
Published: March 2024

Accurately quantifying carbon sinks and sources in coastal regions is essential for global carbon budgeting, but it can be a challenging task. This is especially true for rapidly changing sub-Arctic and Arctic seas where baseline observations of seawater CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) are limited. Hudson Bay, Canada, is a prime example of an area with sparse data geographically and temporally. To bridge this gap, we utilized a novel approach by integrating predictor variables from satellite imagery and reanalysis data with advanced machine learning algorithms to provide more precise regional estimates of pCO2. In addition, we examined the ocean's carbon uptake and spatiotemporal fluctuations over different periods by incorporating wind speed and atmospheric CO2 data. Our study not only reveals insights into the dynamics of Hudson Bay CO2 sources and sinks but also demonstrates the potential of machine learning in extrapolating ship observations over space and time.
Quantifying the State Dependency of Climate Sensitivity Across Cenozoic Warm Intervals
Authors: Albright Mary Grace , Weitzel Nils , Inglis Gordon N. , Steinig Sebastian , Renoult Martin , Reichgelt Tammo , Fletcher Tamara , Tindall Julia , Feng Ran
Published: March 2024

Equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS) quantifies the amount of warming resulting from a doubling of the atmospheric CO2 forcing. Despite recent advancements in climate simulation capabilities and global observations, there remains large uncertainty on the degree of future warming. To help alleviate this uncertainty, past climates provide a valuable insight into how the Earth will respond to elevated atmospheric CO2. However, there is evidence to suggest that ECS is dependent on background climate warmth, which may interfere with the direct utilization of paleo-ECS to understand present-day ECS. Thus, it is important that a range of different climate states are considered to better understand the factors modulating the relationship between CO2 and temperature. In this study, we focus on three time intervals: the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (3.3 – 3.0 Ma), the mid-Miocene (16.75 – 14.5 Ma), and the early Eocene (~50 Ma), in order to sample ECS from Cenozoic coolhouse to hothouse climates. Here, we combine the Bayesian framework of constraining the ECS and its uncertainty with several published methods to estimate the global mean surface temperature (GMST) from sparse proxy records. This framework utilizes an emergent constraint between the simulated GMST changes and climate sensitivities across the model ensemble. For each time interval, we employ a combination of parametric and non-parametric functions, coupled with a probabilistic approach to derive a refined estimate. Preliminary results for the Pliocene indicate a GMST reconstruction of approximately 19.3°C, which is higher than previous estimates that were derived using only marine records. Using this estimate, we calculate an ECS that is also higher than previously published values, especially due to the inclusion of high-latitude terrestrial temperature records into our estimates. Intriguingly, using the consistent methodology, our calculated ECS for the early Eocene is lower than that of the mid-Pliocene. This result does not support an amplified ECS in hothouse climate, and points to a potentially important role of ice albedo feedback in amplifying the ECS in coolhouse climate. Ongoing work will apply the same methodology to the mid-Miocene and further investigate the source for the estimated ECS state dependency between these climate intervals.
A data fusion approach to produce daily, high resolution snow albedo using multispectral and hyperspectral imagery
Authors: Palomaki Ross T. , Rittger Karl , Lenard Sebastien J. P. , Dozier Jeff , Skiles S. McKenzie
Published: March 2024

Snow albedo data are required for various research and applications at a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Typically, spatially-distributed snow albedo measurements are generated using multispectral satellite data, including MODIS, Sentinel-2, and Landsat imagery. While a number of algorithms can be employed to create snow albedo products from multispectral satellite imagery, a recent MODIS-focused analysis shows that spectrally-based approaches result in the most accurate snow albedo. These approaches use spectral libraries of snow, vegetation, and rock reflectance to solve for snow fraction, grain size, and the impact of light absorbing particles (LAP) on snow albedo; snow albedo is estimated by combining the grain size with darkening due to LAP.Spectral unmixing algorithms produce more accurate snow albedo measurements when applied to hyperspectral data because the additional spectral information removes ambiguities associated with sparser multispectral imagery. Various airborne sensors and satellite missions EnMAP, EMIT, and PRISMA provide hyperspectral data with spatial resolutions on the order of tens of meters, but depending on the platform have repeat periods between 8-29 days, and may miss important albedo changes related to early season snow accumulation and late season dust events.In this presentation, we show initial results from a data fusion approach to produce daily snow albedo data at high spatial resolutions using multispectral and hyperspectral imagery. Our model fuses snow albedo measurements directly instead of reflectance data to take advantage of the improved ability of the spectral unmixing algorithm to address mixed pixels and better discern clouds from snow. To demonstrate our approach, we train a random forest model on snow albedo measurements generated from airborne hyperspectral data at 50 m resolution. Predictor variables include daily, 463 m MODIS snow albedo generated using a spectral unmixing algorithm, as well as terrain characteristics and solar illumination. The fused snow albedo data take advantage of the more accurate and finer resolution hyperspectral data will maintaining the daily temporal resolution of multispectral MODIS imagery. Additionally, our fusion approach is flexible and can incorporate snow albedo measurements from additional airborne or satellite sensors, including multispectral VIIRS data and hyperspectral data from the upcoming SBG and CHIME satellite missions.
On the uncertainty of the uncertainty of long-term trends derived from geophysical and climate time series
Authors: Gobron Kevin , Rebischung Paul , Hohensinn Roland , Bogusz Janusz , Klos Anna
Published: March 2024

Quantifying the uncertainty associated with parameter estimates is crucial for a wide range of geophysical and climate applications. This is particularly important for interpreting the long-term trends of quantities of interest, such as ground displacement, sea level, and water storage (among others), estimated from geophysical time series. Unfortunately, our imperfect understanding of measurement error sources and of the intrinsic stochastic behavior of the quantities of interest often makes it difficult to realistically assess the uncertainty of long-term trend estimates. One pragmatic approach to obtaining realistic trend uncertainties is to model all the stochastic variations observed in the time series (that is, the “noise”) by stochastic processes, and then derive the trend uncertainty using the variance propagation law. In practice, such noise models often include unknown stochastic parameters controlling, e.g., the amplitudes or time correlations of the stochastic processes, which need to be estimated from the observations. Estimated stochastic parameters, however, come with uncertainty, just like any estimated quantity. And an uncertainty on the parameters of the noise model implies an uncertainty on the long-term trend uncertainty based on that noise model. In view of trend analysis from geophysical and climate time series data, the importance of considering such “uncertainty on the uncertainty” remains so far to be investigated.In this study, we address this issue by assessing, using numerical simulation, how the uncertainty of stochastic models derived from sparse geophysical time series (a few hundred data points) translates into the uncertainty of long-term trend uncertainty estimates. We demonstrate that uncertainty in the time-correlation structure can result in significant uncertainty on trend uncertainty estimates. We then discuss the impact of such “uncertainty on the uncertainty” on the assessment of long-term trend significance from geodetic time series and provide recommendations on how to deal with the issue in practice.
Use of Sentinel-1 SAR data in assessing the accuracy of LISFLOOD-FP in modelling (compound) flooding in estuaries
Authors: Barada Mirko , Robins Peter , Skov Martin , Lewis Matthew
Published: March 2024

Estuaries are among most vulnerable parts of our planet in terms of flood risk because they are constantly exposed to flood sources from at least two directions. While different flood modelling tools are helping us to be better prepared for flood events, state-of-the-art space technologies are providing useful high resolution (temporal and spatial) data to quantify and monitor real flood impacts and consequences, regardless of night and cloudiness.In this study we are: a) applying LISFLOOD-FP hydrodynamic model for modelling compound flood event in the Dyfi estuary, Wales (UK) and b) using Sentinel-1 SAR data to map flood event from the same period and to validate flood inundation model. The selected flood event (> 300 m3/s and around 70 cm surge) caused large flooding along the estuary, particularly in the upper parts. Modelled results are shown as water surface elevation and water depth classified raster maps, which are used later for comparison with the SAR image.Raw Sentinel-1 SAR (GRD) image downloaded from Copernicus Browser had to be pre-processed in ArcGIS PRO (The Synthetic Aperture Radar toolset) to remove unwanted noise and correct distortions. Further, RGB color composite was produced from the calibrated SAR image and used for extracting water bodies/flooded areas. It was achieved by applying deep learning tools integrated in ArcGIS PRO which classify pixels (wet/dry) based on a previously trained sample. Resulting raster was then compared with the modelled flood extent, quantifying the differences. Matching was very good in the upper parts where major flooding was recorded (> 80 % agreement), while the model was slightly less accurate in the lower estuary and along the salt marsh zone due to larger DEM uncertainty in those areas. However, when selected shallow areas (e.g. 0-1 cm or 0-2 cm class) were removed from the model, matching between modelled and observed flood extent was higher.
An improved Copula-Based Framework for Efficient Global Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Liu Hongli , Clark Martyn , Gharari Shervan , Sheikholeslami Razi , Freer Jim , Knoben Wouter , Marsh Christopher , Papalexiou Simon Michael
Published: March 2024

Global sensitivity analysis (GSA) enhances our understanding of computational models and simplifies model parameter estimation. VISCOUS (VarIance-based Sensitivity analysis using COpUlaS) is a variance-based GSA framework. The advantage of VISCOUS is that it can use existing model input-output data (e.g., water model parameters-responses) to estimate the first- and total-order Sobol’ sensitivity indices. This study improves VISCOUS by refining its handling of marginal densities of the Gaussian mixture copula model (GMCM). We then evaluate VISCOUS using three types of generic functions relevant to water system models. We observe that its performance depends on function dimension, input-output data size, and non-identifiability. Function dimension refers to the number of uncertain input factors analyzed in GSA, and non-identifiability is the inability to estimate GMCM parameters. VISCOUS proves powerful in estimating first-order sensitivity with a small amount of input-output data (e.g., 200 in this study), regardless of function dimension. It always ranks input factors correctly in both first- and total-order terms. For estimating total-order sensitivity, it is recommended to use VISCOUS when the function dimension is not very high (e.g., less than 20) due to the challenge of producing sufficient input-output data for accurate GMCM inferences (e.g., more than 10000). In cases where all input factors are equally important, a rarity in practice, VISCOUS faces non-identifiability issues that impact its performance. We provide a didactic example and an open-source Python code, pyVISCOUS, for broader user adoption.