bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mineral zoning and fluid inclusion studies in the Candego / Madeleine Mines area, Gaspe, Quebec
Authors: Stevens K
Published: November 2010

The Candego and Madeleine mines are the richest-known portions of a 80 km 2 vein system hosted by sedimentary rocks immediately northwest of the McGerrigle Mountains granitic complex in Gaspesie, Quebec. Zones in which veins are rich in quartz and/or Cu- and/or
Fe-sulphides and/or Fe-oxides (Type 1, 2, 2B veins) or are rich in quartz, Zn-sulphide and Pb-sulphide (Type 2A, 3A veins) occupy central
positions in vein-type zoning patterns; these central Type l-2-2B-2A-3A vein zones form elongate corridors which radiate out from the McGerrigle Mountains contact. Veins rich in carbonates and one or more of Zn-, Pb-, Cu-Fe, or Fesulphide (Type 3, 3B, 4, 4A, 4B veins) occur inside and outside of the
central Type 1-2-2B-2A-3A vein zones. The Type 3-3B-4-4A-4B vein zones probably overlie the Type 1-2-2B-2A-3A vein zones. Homogenization temperatures of aqueous fluid inclusions in vein quartz are from 110° to 550°C; final melting temperatures in these inclusions are typically -14° to
-2°C and rarely as high as +6-7°C. Homogenization and final melting temperatures of pure C02 inclusions in vein quartz are 18° to 26°C and -55° to -56°C respectively. Total homogenization or decrepitation temperatures of mixed aqueous/carbonic fluid inclusions in vein
quartz are 160° to 500°C. Homogenization and final melting temperatures of the C02 -rich portion of these inclusions are -74°C to +31 °C and 2_ -70° to -55°C respectively. Final melting points of clathrate hydrates in these inclusions range from 3° to 12°C.
Total homogenization or decrepitation temperatures of daughter-crystal-bearing inclusions in vein quartz are 235° to 335°C. Average sample-site homogenization temperatures and salinities are highest in the parts of the central portions of the Type l-2-2B-2A-3A vein zones nearest to the
McGerrigle Mountains. Spatial coincidence in the Candego/Madeleine mines area of a zone in which the McGerrigle metamorphic aureole bulges out further than usual from the McGerrigle Mountains contact, and hydrothermal centres of vein mineralization which radiate outwards from the latter contact
suggest that formation of the metamorphic aureole and vein mineralization were essentially contemporaneous.
Organic Geochemistry of Ordovician Collingwood Oil Shales On Manitoulin, Cockburn, Drummond and St. Joseph Islands, southern Ontario
Authors: Macauley G
Published: November 2010

Cores from three recent Ontario Geological Survey and four earlier industry coreholes of Collingwood oil shale beds on St. Joseph, Drummond, Cockburn and Manitoulin Islands were sampled and analyzed by Rock-Eval pyrolysis to gain a broader regional knowledge of
the kerogen type and thermal maturation history of that deposit. This was done in anticipation that better understanding will then be possible for other Ordovician organicrich beds of northern Canada which may be important source rocks for frontier off-shore petroleum accumulations. Kerogen has been
determined to be entirely Type II marine which has been increasingly matured west to east across southern Ontario. Maturation changes are reflected in reduced Hydrogen Indices, increased Tmax values, decreasing yield potential and
decreasing residual total organic carbon content. The changing relationships of these parameters with increasing maturation in this deposit will be an excellent guide to the evaluation of other similar oil shales.
An evaluation of portable combination breaker/driver/drills for use in Permafrost Environments
Authors: Egginton P A , Nixon F M
Published: November 2010

Three classes of portable breaker/driver/drill, which can be used either for sampling and pitting permafrost or for driving and emplacing shallow benchmarks, are evaluated. Field tests were conducted on Victoria Island, Northwest
Territoties.
New focal mechanisms for southeastern Canadian eEarthquakes - Volume II
Authors: Adams J , Vonk A , Pittman D , Vatcher H
Published: November 2010

Using P-wave polarities, Sv /P amplitude ratios, and the program FOCMEC, we have determined the focal mechanisms of 19 recent earthquakes in southeastern Canada. The mechanisms show thrust or thrust/strike-slip faulting is dominant in eastern Canada and is in
response to nearly-horizontal compression. Local differences in the direction of com­pression can be used to identify small areas of anomalous stresses. In addition, the strike of the fault planes provides valuable insights into the seismotectonics of the western Quebec, Charlevoix, Lower St
Lawrence, and northern Appalachian regions.
A 35 mm microfilm compilation of collected bathymetric and seismic data from Cruise 80004, Scotian Shelf
Authors: Sherin A G , Hardy I A , Merchant S , Beaver D E , Holt D , Cash M
Published: November 2010

The Atlantic Geoscience Centre (AGC) at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography (BIO) has investigated several methods ofreleasing to the public sector its massive collection (of over 150,000 lineal metres) of underway geophysical records collected since 1963. The
investigations and testing conducted by the Program Support Group, AGC in collaboration with the Public Archives of Canada indicated that the most cost-effective technique for distribution and for archiving such large volumes of irreplaceable data was to use microfilm. To maintain the continuous
nature of these records, which can be up to 30 metres in length, special equipment was required such as the Tameran 6000 continuous flow microfilm camera manufactured by Tameran Ltd. of Chagrin Falls, Ohio. All conversion of AGC's geophysical records using this camera was contracted to Manas Media
Ltd. of Ottawa, in consortium with Precision Microfilming Services of Halifax and Archimed Ltd. of Montreal. Operational filming began at the end of March 1987. A series of AGC cruise data will be released in 35 mm microfilm and distributed as Geological Survey of Canada Open File reports during
1988. Master microfilm is curated for each AGC cruise at the National Archives, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia with duplicates available for viewing at the Data Management Section (PSS), Atlantic Geoscience Centre and at all Geological Survey of Canada libraries in Ottawa, Calgary and
Vancouver.
Relocation of Earthquakes in the Labrador Sea and southern Labrador
Authors: Adams J , Simmons D G
Published: November 2010

Ninety-eight earthquakes in Labrador and the Labrador Sea have been systematically relocated. Their revised locations show a good correlation between seismicity and geolog­ical structures. Most of the earthquakes occur on three structures: the extinct spreading
ridge and associated transform faults in the Labrador Sea; the rifted continental margin off Labrador and the transform continental margin southeast of Baffin Island; and a zone of crustal weakness extending from Sept-Iles across southern Labrador to the Cartwright Fracture
Zone.
Canadian Magnetic Observatory Network Equivalent Currents For 13 - 14 March 1989
Authors: Boteler D H , Jansen van Beek G
Published: November 2010

Equivalent overhead electric currents are calculated for the magnetic field variations observed in Canada during the magnetic disturbance of 13-14 March 1989. Plots of these equivalent currents show the spatial variation at a particular instant in time and are a
useful technique for studying the evolution of magnetic disturbances. Amongst other features, the plots indicate that the major magnetic field changes observed at the lower latitude observatories were produced by the rapid intensification of an in-situ current system, not by movement of a current
system from higher latitudes. The high electric currents induced by these magnetic field variations were the cause of the power system problems experienced in Canada and the U.S. during this disturbance.
Trial seismic hazard maps of Canada - 1995: preliminary values for selected Canadian cities
Authors: Adams J , Weichert D H , Halchuk S , Basham P
W
Published: November 2010

We summarize the methods being used for new seismic hazard maps of Canada, tabulate for major cities the 50th and 84th percentile ground motions, and give uniform hazard spectra, all for sites on firm soil at a 10% probability of exceedence in 50 years. The
availability of strong ground motion relations for spectral parameters allows computadon of spectral acceleration maps, which are being recommended as input to the seismic provisions of the National Building Code.
The Canadian crustal stress database: a compilation to 1994
Authors: Adams J
Published: November 2010

Stress data for Canada and adjacent areas have been compiled into a computer database. The data format is described, maps plotted, and a complete listing included of the 1828 entries current to 15 April 1994. A digital version is available on floppy disk. The
data strongly suggest that the whole of Canada east of the Cordillera is being compressed from the east-northeast quadrant.
Quaternary geology digital map of the Geikie River area (74H), Saskatchewan
Authors: Bélanger J R
Published: November 2010

This Open File contains a digital version of the polygon data (map units) of "Quaternary Geology of the Geikie River Area (74 H) Saskatchewan", Saskatchewan Research Council, Open File Report 84-11 (B.T. Schreiner, 1984), previously released on paper at a scale
of 1:250,000. The information has been processed by the GIS Arc/Info and is released in E00 and DXF formats with permission from the author.
The files 74HDXF.EXE and 74HE00.EXE are self extracting by copying the files to a hard drive and typing 74HDXF or 74HE00. The uncompressed 74HDXF.EXE file includes two files: S74H.DXF (surficial geology) and H74H.DXF (Hydrography), the 74HE00.EXE file includes two files: S74H.E00 (surficial
geology) and H74H.E00 (hydrography) The hydrography was obtained from the Digital Chart of the World at 1:1 000 000, and is included to serve as general reference for the geology (digitized at 1:250 000).
For further information on the format of the data please call Andrew Moore, Geological Survey of Canada, Tel.: 613-943-0776.
Regional lake sediment and water geochemistry of the northern Kechika Trough, British Columbia (NTS 94M/2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 12; 104P/8, 9, 10, 15, 16)
Authors: Cook S J , Jackaman W , Friske P W , Day S J , Coneys A M , Ferri F
Published: November 2010

The North Gataga Project is the final phase of a multi-year project of bedrock mapping and regional geochemical surveys in the Kechika Trough, where known sedimentary-exhalative type Zn-Pb-Ag deposits of the Gataga district include the Cirque, Akie and Driftpile
Creek deposits.

Open File 1997-15 presents new analytical results for 44 different metals from a regional lake sediment and water geochemistry survey conducted over the northern part of the Kechika Trough in 1996. The survey, conducted jointly by the B.C. Geological Survey Branch and the Geological Survey of
Canada, covers an area of approximately 5000 km2 over parts of eleven 1:50 000 map areas immediately south of the B.C.-Yukon border where exploration has been limited by extensive drift cover. Data for base metals, gold, precious metal pathfinders and rare earth elements from 445 sample sites are
included in the release, and new exploration targets for prospective Sedex-style Zn-Pb deposits are highlighted. The report provides listings of field and analytical data, summary statistics, metal distribution maps, and sample location maps. Digital data listings (ASCII format) are provided on a
3.5 inch high-density diskette. This release is also available as GSC Open File 3499.
Selected geoscience data from the Slave Province NATMAP project, District of Mackenzie, Northwest Territories, Volume II
Authors: Wilkinson L ,   Slave Province NATMAP Geoscience Team
Published: November 2010

Traditionally, geoscience data is stored in analog format, however, with the advent of easy to use GIS software, more and more data is now generated and stored in digital format. This allows for easier archiving of the data and for easier sharing of information,
a key factor with fewer resources available to both public and private sectors. A large component of all NATMAP (National Mapping Programme) projects is the compilation of a digital database of geoscience data, and the release of this data to the public as quickly as possible. The goal of the
"Selected Geoscience Data from the Slave NATMAP Project, District of Mackenzie, Northwest Territories - Volume II" CD-ROM release is thus to provide second installment of digital Slave NATMAP data, building on the previous release of Bowie (1995). Data is provided in standard, easy to use formats
that allow both novice and expert GIS users to quickly extract and use the information they need. The data contained on this CD-ROM incorporates Geological Survey of Canada (GSC), Resource, Wildlife and Economic Development (RWED) of the Government of the Northwest Territories (GNWT) and Department
of Indian and Northern Affairs (DIAND) geoscience data compiled and re-formatted under the auspices of the Slave NATMAP project. Each data set on the CD-ROM is an independent Open File (GSC) or EGS- series (GNWT or DIAND) data set published by the authors noted in the user guide and metadata files.
In all cases, the digital data presented on this CD-ROM are also available in analog format from the appropriate agency. Detailed information and references for each data set are provided on the CD-ROM. The data are provided in Arc/Info and common interchange formats (DXF and Arc/Info E00, DBF,
Microsoft Excel) in a standard UTM zone 12, NAD 27 projection. ArcExplorer is provided on the CD-ROM as a data viewer for PC-clients (see http://www.esri.com/software/ for more information). The CD-ROM conforms to the ISO-9660 system-independent standard and works identically on a PC, Macintosh or
UNIX workstation, however, no viewer is provided for Macintosh or UNIX users. Data sets provided include bedrock geology, surficial geology, whole rock geochemistry, indicator minerals, till geochemistry, P-T data, geochronology, mineral occurrence and assay data.
Surfical geology of the Red Lake-Confederation Lake area, Ontario
Authors: Russell H A J , Sharpe D R , Stacey P
Published: November 2010

The principal objectives of this project were to develop a regional till geochemical profile of the area and to complete a regional 1:100 000
airphoto interpretation of the Quaternary geology. This 1:100 000 map is a compilation of three existing Ontario Geological Survey (OGS)
maps and new mapping completed in the NODA project. The polygon detail on the three previous 1:50 000 OGS maps has been
generalized to conform to a 1:100 000 publication scale. Organic deposits overlying unit 5 may be under-represented on this map particularly
on the Pakwash sheet. The distribution of mineral occurrences has been edited for clarity; in some areas one symbol may represent a number
of occurrences. Users requiring higher resolution than this 1:100 000 scale are referred to the original publications (Prest, 1981, 1982; Ford,
1982).
Geology, Noomut River area, Nunavut
Authors: Aspler L B , Chiarenzelli J R , Barham B A
Published: November 2010

In the central part of the Ennadai- Rankin belt, Neoarchean iron formation units of the Henik Group have been mapped from the Ducker lake area ca. 35 km north to the area west of the Henik lakes (Fig. 1; Aspler and Chiarenzelli, 1997 a). New mapping in the Noomut
River area (65 H10 and 11) confirm that these iron formations continue east for an additional 60 km, from Magnet Bay on South Henik Lake across the Noomut River area to Harling Lake. Paleoproterozoic rocks of the Hurwitz Group are infolded with the Henik Group north of Noomut River and Ameto
Lake.
Trial seismic hazard maps of Canada - 1999: 2%/50 year values for selected Canadian cities
Authors: Adams J , Weichert D H , Halchuk S
Published: November 2010

We summarize the methods being used for new seismic hazard maps of Canada, tabulate final values of the 50th and 84th percentile ground motions for major cities, and give uniform hazard spectra, ail for sites on firm soil for both 10% and 2% probabilities
of exceedence in 50 years. The availability of strong ground motion relations for spectral parameters allows computation of spectral acceleration maps, which are being recommended as input to the seismic provisions of the National Building Code.
Benefits from expenditures on earthquake research at Natural Resources Canada
Authors: Swan N
Published: November 2010

The study calculates benefits and costs of a key application of earthquake research in Canada. Modifications to building codes, flowing from that research, reduce losses from shaking and fire damage to buildings and their contents, caused by earthquakes, and
reduce loss of life and injuries. Benefits are calculated, net of the cost of stronger construction to comply with the modified codes, at an annualized value of 42 million constant 1992 dollars. This is ten times the cost of the associated earthquake research. Two objections of principle to the
analysis are considered. The possibility that Canada might "free-ride" on foreign earthquake research is one. That is discussed, and rejected as impractical. The other is the view that earthquake research is necessary for modifying building codes but not sufficient, so that its benefits are being
overstated. This is found to be incorrect.
Sequence stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Paleoproterozoic Baker Lake Group in the Baker Lake Basin, Thirty Mile Lake, Nunavut
Authors: Hadlari T , Rainbird R H
Published: November 2010

In the Thirty Mile Lake area of the Baker Lake Basin, lithofacies assemblages representing alluvial fan, gravel- and sand-bed braided stream, lacustrine, and ephemeral lacustrine depositional environments characterize the lower part of the ca. 1.83 Ga Baker Lake
Group. Five depositional sequences that unconformably overlie Archean basement are identified from this interval. These depositional sequences record the following accommodation cycles: initial base-level drop, subsequent base-level rise, increase in gradient as accommodation increased, decrease in
gradient as accommodation space filled, and continued base-level rise. Sequences stack in a retrogradational pattern indicating that, for the interval recorded, accommodation space creation exceeded sediment flux and the basin was underfilled. Subsidence probably was due mainly to normal faulting on
the southern margin of the basin. Alkalic volcanism occurred throughout the early depositional history of the Baker Lake Basin.
Field evidence for commingling between ca. 1830 Ma lamprophyric, monzonitic, and monzogranitic magmas, MacQuoid-Gibson lakes area, Nunavut
Authors: Sandeman H A , Lepage L D , Ryan J J , Tella S
Published: November 2010

Although it has been recognized that ca. 1830 Ma, mantle-derived ultrapotassic and mildly alkaline, granitic crustal melts are broadly coeval in the northwest Hearne domain of the western Churchill Province, details of their petrogenetic relationships remain
enigmatic. Field observations from a number of localities demonstrate that a range of magmatic compositions coexisted at that time ranging from spessartite lamprophyre and/or phlogopite clinopyroxenite through hornblende+phlogopite gabbro, diorite, and quartz monzonite to biotite granodiorite and
biotite+magnetite±fluorite monzogranite. Mutual crosscutting relationships between many of the rock types, typified by irregularly shaped intrusive bodies having diffuse contacts and, scalloped enclaves of lamprophyre and monzonite in monzogranite imply diverse magma commingling, and that the
potassic, mantle-derived melts possibly initiated the widespread, ca. 1830 Ma granite bloom in the region.
Spectral characteristics of bedrock map units using LANDSAT TM and topographic data: application to bedrock mapping in Borden Peninsula, Nunavut
Authors: Rencz A , Harris J , Sangster D , Budkewitsch P
Published: November 2010

The ability to characterize rock types based on spectra from remotely sensed data is being evaluated for an area of Arctic Canada. Training sites from fourteen previously identified bedrock map units (scale of 1:250 000) were used to test the separability of each
rock type based on LANDSAT TM bands 1 7 and topographic data. Box and whisker plots using one variable at a time versus 14 bedrock map units showed differences between the rock units. Discriminant analyses based on the training sites correctly classified 91% of all classes when LANDSAT and
topographic data were integrated. An accuracy of 79.1% was found using the seven channels of LANDSAT TM data. It is postulated that the satellite data are responding to mineralogical and/or chemical differences between the map units.loom in the region.
Late Cenozoic geology, Ancient Pacific Margin NATMAP Project, Report 1: long-baseline, dual-frequency GPS static positioning trial, Stewart River map area, Yukon Territory
Authors: Shimamura K , Froese D , Jackson L E
Published: November 2010

A dual-frequency GPS receiver was used to establish benchmarks along the Yukon River between Dawson City and its confluence with the White River as a field trial of this technology. Conventional static GPS occupations with long baselines (>300 km)
obtained decimetre-scale accuracy in horizontal and vertical positions after post-processing. These benchmarks will be applied to a ground-penetrating- radar survey of fill thickness below the Yukon River that will look for indications of recent subsidence or uplift along the river's
channel.
Structural investigation of an exposure of the Teslin Fault, northwestern British Columbia
Authors: de Keijzer M , Mihalynuk M G , Johnston S T
Published: November 2010

In the Teslin Lake map area (NTS 104-O), northwestern British Columbia, the steeply oriented Teslin Fault juxtaposes Cache Creek Terrane ribbon chert and wacke against mafic metavolcaniclastic and meta-intrusive greenstone of the Yukon-Tanana Terrane. A section
~250 m wide of washed, almost continuous, exceptional exposure along the Jennings River is oriented at high angle to the southeasterly trending steep fault zone. Structural analysis reveals two episodes of shearing. Dominantly transcurrent, sinistral ((?)transpressive) motion (D1), indicated by
a variety of shear-sense and sense-of-vorticity indicators, was associated with pervasive (ultra)mylonitization in the greenstone package. A younger set of more localized, dominantly brittle(-ductile) structures overprinting D1 fabrics probably formed during dextral transpression (D2). D1
deformation was penetrative in the Yukon-Tanana rocks; however, it did not (significantly) affect the currently exposed Cache Creek rocks. Juxtaposition of these differently D1-strained rock packages is attributed to D2.
Intercalibrated conodont-radiolarian biostratigraphy and potential datums for the Carnian-Norian boundary within the Upper Triassic Peril Formation, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia
Authors: Carter E S , Orchard M J
Published: November 2010

The succession of nasellarian radiolarians around the Carnian-Norian (Upper Triassic) boundary in Queen Charlotte Islands indicate their potential as tools for global correlation. Faunal similarities with central Oregon and Japan are noted, as are diagnostic
European taxa. The boundary interval reflects a time of gradual radiolarian change, new taxa appearing synchronously with both Communisti and Primitius conodont zone faunas. The base of the Communisti Zone and the Macrolobatus ammonoid Zone are broadly coincident and hence this datum can be
recognized with all three fossil groups. The base of the Primitius Zone falls within the Macrolobatus Zone and does not correspond to a clear ammonoid datum, whereas the base of the succeeding Kerri ammonoid Zone does not correspond to a clear microfossil signal.
Norigondolella navicula, a conodont formerly used to subdivide the Primitius Zone, is facies controlled and cannot be used as a reliable indicator of the boundary.
Late Cretaceous ages for the Chelaslie River and Tetachuck-north plutons, northern Tetachuck Lake map area, central British Columbia
Authors: Friedman R M , Anderson R G , Billesberger S M
Published: November 2010

New U-Pb isotopic data indicate Late Cretaceous crystallization and cooling ages for zircon and titanite from two plutons in the northern Tetachuck Lake map area (NTS 93 F/05). The Chelaslie River biotite-hornblende diorite and monzodiorite intruded Middle
Jurassic Naglico and Entiako formations of the Hazelton Group and are nonconformably overlain by Tertiary volcanic rocks. Zircon in the pluton has a crystallization age of 80.3 ± 0.2 Ma and an equivalent but less precise titanite age indicates rapid postcrystallization cooling.
Hornblende-biotite quartz monzodiorite of the Tetachuck-north pluton is inferred to intrude the Middle Jurassic Naglico formation. Uranium-lead ages for titanite indicate a minimum crystallization and cooling age of 76.6 ± 0.9 Ma; a maximum crystallization age of 79.3 ± 0.2 Ma derives from
a single concordant zircon analysis. The newly recognized Late Cretaceous intrusions are correlated with and extend eastward the distribution of the metallogenically important Bulkley plutonic suite.
Volcanic stratigraphy and petrology of the eastern margin of the Kamloops Group near Enderby, British Columbia
Authors: Breitsprecher K , Thorkelson D J , Schwab D L , Thompson R I
Published: November 2010

The eastern margin of the Eocene Kamloops Group consists of several outliers extending from the northern Okanagan Valley east to the Shuswap area, in southern British Columbia. Recent field and petrographic investigations on the Enderby Cliffs outlier provide
new descriptions of volcanic stratigraphy and petrology. The volcanic succession is underlain by conglomeratic units. The lower and middle parts of the volcanic succession consist of mafic to intermediate, sheet-like, lava of variable thickness and texture. Monomictic diamictite, interpreted as a
lahar, and minor finer grained clastic rocks occur at the top of the succession. These lithologies are texturally and compositionally similar to those reported from the main successions of Kamloops Group strata to the west. Differences in volcanic stratigraphy between the Enderby Cliffs and
adjacent areas near the Shuswap River suggest a history of synvolcanic faulting. The Eocene successions are fault bounded, and surrounded by Paleozoic rocks.
New field studies of the Chapperon Group, Vernon southwest map area, British Columbia
Authors: Daughtry K L , Thompson R I , Erdmer P
Published: November 2010

The Chapperon Group comprises a succession of tightly folded metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks exposed in a southerly-trending belt of five inliers between Westwold and Whiterocks Mountain in south-central British Columbia (NTS 82 L/4W and 82 L/5W). The
Chapperon Group rocks are interfolded with rocks of the Upper Paleozoic Harper Ranch Group and are unconformably overlain by the Upper Triassic Nicola Group. The base of the group is unknown.
Previous workers have suggested correlations between the Chapperon Group and various units with either pericratonic or oceanic affinities.
A new field study was initiated in 1999 to investigate the Chapperon Group with respect to its age, provenance, internal stratigraphy, relationships with adjoining units, and possible correlations with established units in other areas.
A preliminary interpretation of surficial marine geology of central and northern Strait of Georgia, British Columbia
Authors: Barrie J V , Conway K W
Published: November 2010

Six acoustic and sedimentary facies have been mapped in the central and northern Strait of Georgia that reflect the late Quaternary development of the region. During the Vashon Stade of the Fraser Glaciation, a Quaternary, preglacial deposit that filled most of
the basin was eroded by glacial ice moving south down the strait. Ice-proximal and ice-distal glaciomarine deposition over glacial till occurred during the rapid deglaciation of the strait with development of marine conditions by 12.4 ka BP. Sea level fell during deglaciation from a relative high
stand and continued to fall after all ice had left the strait reaching a low stand sometime after 10 ka BP. Holocene deposition within the strait has been dominated by the Fraser River plume and coastal and nearshore processes.
Neotectonics in the Strait of Georgia: first tentative correlation of seismicity with shallow geological structure in southwestern British Columbia
Authors: Mosher D C , Cassidy J F , Lowe C , Mi Y , Hyndman R D , Rogers G
C , Fisher M
Published: November 2010

Multichannel seismic reflection data within the Strait of Georgia provide the first tentative correlation of geological structure with recent seismicity. Reflection data show broad folding of sedimentary rocks in the southernmost part of the strait. To the north
are two broad (5-10 km wide) deformation zones with interpreted normal faults. Both zones have an associated magnetic anomaly. The northern deformation zone, 30 km west of Vancouver, correlates with the location of a number of recent shallow earthquakes. Detailed analyses of an M=4.6 event at this
site (June 1997) describe a shallow (2-4 km depth) reverse thrust on a northern dipping (~50°), east-trending fault plane. The fault dip direction and strike agree with seismic reflection interpretations and the magnetic anomaly trend. These data are required to provide fundamental
geological information for addressing issues of strain partitioning in the Cascadia forearc.
Climate change, permafrost degradation, and infrastructure adaptation: preliminary results from a pilot community case study in the Mackenzie valley
Authors: Couture R , Robinson S D , Burgess M M
Published: November 2010

Regional studies show that permafrost will disappear partly or completely over large areas of the north should predicted climate change occur. Much of the infrastructure in northern communities relies on the properties of frozen materials for stability. Ground
warming could degrade the performance of existing structures. The Geological Survey of Canada is initiating an assessment of infrastructure needs in the north, by examining sensitivity to impacts of permafrost degradation under climate warming, using a community-level approach in the Mackenzie
valley. Over the last century, this area has undergone the most warming in Canada and mean annual air temperatures are predicted increase up to 4° or 5°C in the next century. Preliminary results are presented of the pilot study at Norman Wells, Northwest Territories, where surficial
geology, permafrost, and geotechnical conditions are described, and performance and sensitivity of infrastructure are examined.
Correlation of the Hazen Formation (Lower Cambrian through Silurian) on northeastern Ellesmere Island, northern Nunavut
Authors: Harrison J C , Dewing K , Lee C C
Published: November 2010

The Carbonate Member of the slope-and-basin facies Hazen Formation has five subdivisions on northeastern Ellesmere Island. Four of these can be mapped individually and correlated over at least 100 km. The same units are lithologically indistinguishable from
strata of North Greenland. Correlated units include the lower and upper parts of the Aftenstjernesø Formation (subdivisions A and B, respectively) and the Henson Gletscher (subdivision C) and Kap Stanton (subdivision D) formations of adjacent Nyboe Land. Biostratigraphic data from the North
Greenland sections indicate that the four lower subdivisions of the Hazen Formation are equivalent in age to the Scoresby Bay, Parrish Glacier, and Cass Fjord formations of the adjacent Franklinian shelf succession. An additional constraint on the local upper age limit of the Hazen Formation is
provided by a gradational contact with the Cape Clay Formation along the shelf margin.
Organic petrography and Rock-Eval characteristics of the Cenozoic fossil forest litter of Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut, and their implications for hydrocarbon generation
Authors: Hawke M I , Stasiuk L D
Published: November 2010

An investigation of the organic petrography and hydrocarbon generative potential of the Eocene fossil forests of Axel Heiberg Island was conducted. Huminite (39-75%) and liptinite (17-42%) are the dominant macerals. Rock-Eval pyrolysis indicates moderate
hydrocarbon potential in selected samples.
Neither Rock-Eval pyrolysis nor organic petrography alone can adequately assess the hydrocarbon generative potential of terrigenous source rocks. Rock-Eval pyrolysis measures anomalously high oxygen indices for unhumified samples. Organic petrography data do not necessarily directly correlate with
the hydrocarbon potential of the fossil-forest sediments. When results from both methods are examined in combination, however, a more accurate interpretation of the nature of the organic matter and its hydrocarbon generative potential is possible.
Precambrian geology, Victory and Mackenzie lakes, Nunavut and significance of 'Mackenzie Lake metasediments', Paleoproterozoic Hurwitz Group
Authors: Aspler L B , Armitage A E , Ryan J J , Hauseux M , Surmacz S , Harvey B J A
Published: November 2010

Siliciclastic remnants in the Victory-Mackenzie lakes area ('Mackenzie Lake metasediments') correlate with the lower Hurwitz Group (Paleoproterozoic; Noomut and Padlei formations; Maguse Member, Kinga Formation). Hurwitz strata and basement are tightly infolded
about steeply dipping axial surfaces. However, northwest of Mackenzie Lake, screens of mafic volcanic and immature supracrustal rocks within leucogranite are likely Kaminak Group (Neoarchean), and display shallowly dipping folds, fabrics, and shear zones. The Mackenzie Victory lakes area may
represent a suprastructure preserving the Hurwitz Group in basement-cover infolds; the northwestern area may represent an infrastructure with intrabasement high-strain zones. Deformation occurred before ca. 1.85 1.83 Ga (age of pristine lamprophyre dykes), and after ca. 2.45 Ga (age of foliated
Kaminak dykes). Clasts in Hurwitz conglomerate lack internal tectonic fabrics despite penetratively deformed source rocks, hence the primary tectonic imprint was Paleoproterozoic. Base-metal prospects discovered by Comaplex Minerals Corp. in Kaminak Group volcanogenic strata display features
characteristic of volcanic massive sulphide deposits.
Proterozoic reworking in a portion of the western Churchill Province, Akunak Bay area, Nunavut
Authors: Tella S , Ryan J J , Sandeman H A , Hanmer S , Mills A , Wilkinson L
Published: November 2010

Neoarchean polydeformed lithologies in the study area comprise amphibolite-facies sedimentary and mafic volcanic supracrustal rocks, tonalitic orthogneiss, and variably deformed gabbro to granite plutons. Metamorphosed ca. 2.19 Ga mafic dykes, and relatively
undeformed ca. 1.83 Ga granite and (?)co-magmatic lamprophyre dyke-swarms record Proterozoic igneous events. A mylonitized layered anorthosite-gabbro-mafic granulite suite, the Uvauk complex, structurally overlies part of the orthogneiss terrane.
At least four deformation events (D1-D4) are recognized. Associated structures include an isoclinal, doubly plunging, east-southeast-trending fold set (F1) which is coaxially refolded by open to tight folds (F2). They are modified by northeast-trending open F3 and north-trending F4 fold sets.
Amphibolite-facies, east- and north-northeast-trending, high-strain zones, and east- and northwest-trending faults transect the region. The ca. 2.19 Ga mafic dykes cut the D2 fabrics and the Akunak Bay shear zone and were affected by D3 and D4. The ca. 1.83 Ga magmatism, in part, postdates
D4.
Observations on the North Caribou terrane-Uchi Subprovince interface in western Ontario and eastern Manitoba
Authors: Percival J A , Whalen J B
Published: November 2010

West of the Red Lake belt, boundaries between Mesoarchean rocks of the North Caribou terrane and Neoarchean rocks of the Uchi Subprovince are both intrusive and tectonic. Old plutonic units (>2.8 Ga) occur as remnants in younger plutons within broad
lobes flanked by greenstone belts. The English Lake magmatic complex, exposed obliquely by an extensional detachment north of the Wanipigow Fault, provides insight into the crustal architecture. Tonalite (3.0 Ga) gives way downward to interlayered quartz diorite, diorite, and gabbro that show
increasing metamorphic effects with depth. Neoarchean plutons commonly occupy higher structural levels. The fault-block-like geometry north of the Wanipigow Fault may have formed during early sinistral displacement that offset the Black Island and Hole River sequences in Lake Winnipeg from
correlative units 65 km to the east in the Rice Lake belt.
Late Archean alkaline magmatism in the western Quetico belt, Superior Province, Ontario
Authors: Lassen B , Hattori K , Percival J A
Published: November 2010

The Quetico alkaline province of the western Quetico metasedimentary belt comprises at least 20 small intrusions with distinct alkaline affinity that were emplaced during a short period of time in the late Archean. Bulk compositions vary from ultramafic, through
mafic, intermediate and felsic rocks, which display mutual intrusive relationships. Carbonatite dykes form a minor component of the intrusions. The alkaline affinity of the magma(s) parental to the intrusive bodies is suggested by the presence of phlogopitic biotite inclusions in high Na2O augite,
together with the occurrence of secondary, blue-alkali amphibole along fractures, and evidence for early crystallization of apatite.
Toward a revised stratigraphic and structural framework for the Obonga Lake greenstone belt, Ontario
Authors: Percival J A , Stott G M
Published: November 2010

Located on-strike between the Sturgeon-Savant belt of the western Wabigoon Subprovince and Onaman-Tashota belt to the east, the Obonga greenstone belt holds keys to stratigraphic and structural correlation across the central Wabigoon Subprovince. Postulated
unconformable relationships between Mesoarchean basement and Neoarchean volcanic cover sequences were found to be tectonic, although geochemistry of volcanic rocks indicates continental contamination. Volcanic and intrusive rocks of the southern assemblage (2734-2726 Ma) are bordered to the north by
a south-facing northern assemblage of sedimentary, mafic and felsic volcanic rocks with younger ages, negating simple synformal geometry. Significant east-trending shear zones that bound and occur within the belt range from ductile phyllonite and mylonite zones with dip-slip and strike-slip
geometry, to cataclastic dip-slip zones. The Wig Creek conglomerate, containing volcanic and granitic clasts, may be a Timiskaming-type deposit.
Geology of the Mountain Grove pluton, Central Metasedimentary Belt, Grenville Province, Ontario
Authors: Davidson A
Published: November 2010

The predominantly mafic Mountain Grove pluton, one of the youngest and most northwesterly members of the 1180-1150 Ma Frontenac plutonic suite, comprises two distinct intrusions. Both cut a previously folded succession of amphibolitic schist, siliceous schist,
and marble. Coarse-grained norite and leuconorite characterize the northern unit, whereas hornblende gabbro and diorite with subordinate commingled monzonite and syenite characterize the southern, younger one. Commingled intrusions in the northern unit and its country rocks, and foliated biotite
quartz syenite to the south, are probably both related to the southern unit. The northern unit likely formed from relatively uncontaminated magma, whereas the southern unit evolved from gabbro by magma mixing, incomplete where commingled. Copper-nickel-iron sulphide mineralization is associated with
the northern unit, and sphalerite with marble enclaves in the southern unit. The Mountain Grove pluton is intruded by the Leggat Lake and McLean granite-syenite plutons to the east and southwest respectively.
Some observations on the effects of length of sample storage, sample type, and sample depth on the determination of pH in soils collected in the vicinity of the Horne smelter at Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec
Authors: Knight R D , LaPointe M , Kyer T , Henderson P J
Published: November 2010

As a routine part of laboratory practice, soil pH is commonly measured several months after sample collection. To determine the effect of sample storage time on soil pH, samples were analyzed the same day as collection, and in the laboratory at one, two, and six
months after collection. The samples were collected as part of the Metals in the Environment (MITE) research at Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec.
The pH of A-, B-, or C-horizon soils did not change with storage time, although the pH of humus was less acidic by 0.65 six months after collection. The pH of humus and A-horizon soils collected from sites underlain by clay are less acidic than sites underlain by till, whereas B- and C-horizon
samples have a similar pH for samples underlain by clay or till. In general soils become less acidic with depth.
Pleistocene ice outlets on the central Scotian Slope, offshore Nova Scotia
Authors: Piper D J W
Published: November 2010

The style of Quaternary sedimentation on the central Scotian Slope near the Shelburne G-29 well is interpreted from seismic reflection profiles. Three types of shelf-edge ice margin produced different styles of sediment accumulation in the later Quaternary on the
slope. 1) Ice margins of ice streams persisted for many thousands of years at the shelf edge and resulted in active sedimentation of coarse, channelled deposits, and debris flows. 2) Seaward of outer shelf banks, ice advance onto the upper slope was short lived and sedimentation was dominated by
fallout from ice-margin plumes. 3) Under intermediate conditions, ice advance deposited upper slope till and subglacial meltwater cut gullies, but active sedimentation seaward of a broad ice front was lacking. These ice-margin facies overlie an early Quaternary prodeltaic margin and a major
debris-flow deposit. The Quaternary sediments are offset by slope-parallel faults that have provided pathways for mud diapirs.
Relationship of sediment properties to failure horizons for a small area of the Scotian Slope
Authors: Campbell D C
Published: November 2010

A small area west of Verrill Canyon on the Scotian Slope, between the Shubenacadie H-100 and Acadia K-62 deep-water well sites, was examined to address the question of whether sedimentological and geomechanical features of piston cores would explain the localized
occurrence of sediment failures. The seabed in the area was divided into zones of disturbed, undisturbed, and erosional areas. Six continuous acoustic reflectors were traced throughout the area from high-resolution acoustic records. The acoustic surveys showed that failure planes are restricted
to specific horizons. Nine sediment cores, providing a composite stratigraphy of the acoustic section, were described for lithological variation and measured for a suite of physical properties. Failure planes appear to correlate with sandier intervals in cores. This provides some predictive
capabilities elsewhere on the slope.
L'utilisation d'un vidéorestituteur numérique comme outil de cartographie détaillée (Saguenay, Québec)
Authors: Paradis S J , Boutin M
Published: November 2010

A digital video plotter (DVP) has been used in surficial mapping in the Saint-Fulgence and La Baie sector, Saguenay, Quebec. Internal orientation, relative orientation, and absolute orientation are the three main steps in digital videoplotting. These steps are
important because they control the amount of displacement of the features captured on airphotos and transferred to the digital topographic base. The use of stereoscopic pairs and corresponding sketched maps from recent work carried out in the Saguenay area shows that this method of transferring
data is accurate and fast and could have multidisciplinary applications.
Tertiary geology of the Takysie Lake and Marilla map areas, central British Columbia
Authors: Anderson R G , Snyder L D , Grainger N C , Resnick J , Barnes E M
Published: November 2010

Takysie Lake (NTS 93 F/13) and Marilla (NTS 93 F/12) map areas are underlain by Mesozoic to Tertiary stratified and intrusive rocks segmented by Jura-Cretaceous and Tertiary faults. Heterogeneous Eocene (hornblende ) biotite quartz alkali-feldspar phyric
rhyolitic and rhyodacitic flows, tuff, and volcaniclastic rocks (Ootsa Lake Group) and (olivine-) clinopyroxene-plagioclase-phyric, amygdaloidal, basaltic andesite flows and hyaloclastite (Endako Group) are associated with fault-controlled aphanitic, porphyritic, and phaneritic felsic intrusions.
Physiographic expression, ubiquitous olivine content, and content of ultramafic and crustal xenoliths help distinguish Neogene olivine basalt intrusive, flow, and volcaniclastic rocks from closely similar Endako Group rocks.
(?)Jurassic and (?)Late Cretaceous, porphyritic and phaneritic, mafic, intermediate, and felsic intrusions locally crosscut a pre-Eocene reverse fault, and are cut by northwest- and northeast-trending Eocene block faults.
Takysie Lake (NTS 93 F/13) and Marilla (NTS 93 F/12) map areas are underlain by Mesozoic to Tertiary stratified and intrusive rocks segmented by Jura-Cretaceous and Tertiary faults. Lower to Middle Jurassic Hazelton Group includes heterolithic coarse-grained volcaniclastic rock; lesser, finer
grained greywacke and mudstone; and clinopyroxene-phyric, coarse-grained laharic volcanic conglomerate characteristic of the Naglico formation. Jura-Cretaceous siliciclastic rocks, rich in chert and felsic volcanic fragments, are correlated with Bowser Lake or Skeena groups. Hornblende-phyric
volcaniclastic rocks of the Cretaceous Kasalka Group are rare.(?)Jurassic and (?)Late Cretaceous, porphyritic and phaneritic, mafic, intermediate and felsic intrusions locally crosscut a pre-Eocene reverse fault, and are cut by northwest- and northeast-trending Eocene block
faults.
Geological setting of the Samatosum and Rea massive-sulphide deposits, Eagle Bay Assemblage, south-central British Columbia
Authors: Bailey S L , Paradis S , Johnston S
T
Published: November 2010

Highly deformed, low-grade metamorphic sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Eagle Bay Assemblage host the (?)volcanogenic massive-sulphide Twin Mountain, Samatosum, and Rea deposits. The Twin Mountain deposit comprises sulphide-bearing quartz-carbonate-barite
lenses in sericitized and silicified schists of volcanic origin. The Rea deposit consists of at least two massive-sulphide lenses. The Samatosum deposit is an overall stratabound sulphide-rich quartz-vein system that could be interpreted as a stockwork zone. The Rea and Samatosum deposits occur
within an overturned metasedimentary sequence of sericitized and silicified argillites structurally overlain by mafic volcaniclastic rocks and flows. The stratigraphic sequences at Rea and Samatosum are very similar. We suggest that structural repetition by faulting occurred, and that the
sedimentary and volcanic succession is Devonian-Mississippian.
Groundwater resources near Vanderhoof, British Columbia
Authors: Mayberry J
Published: November 2010

Water well records were used to interpret and assess groundwater resources near Vanderhoof, British Columbia. The variable quality and shortage of data in the well records complicated the assessment; however, a solid interpretation was developed. The geology of
the study area is dominated by hydrogeologically significant glacial deposits of sand, gravel, till, and clay. A basalt flow southeast of Vanderhoof has yielded sufficient quantity and flow rates for domestic and agricultural use, and could prove to be of greater importance in the
future.