bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Baitouweng decoction combined with fecal microbiota transplantation alleviates DSS-induced colitis in rats by regulating gut microbiota metabolic homeostasis and the STAT3/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Gu Xin , Miao Zhiwei , Wang Yantian , Yang Yue , Yang Tongtong , Xu Yi
Published: November 2022

Aim of the study

We aimed to elucidate the synergistic effect and potential mechanism of New Baitouweng Decoction (NBD) combined with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in rats with DSS-induced ulcerative colitis (UC).

Materials and methods

Colitis was induced by 5% (w/v) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for 7 days. NBD or NBD combined with FMT were administered to the colitis rats. Body weight and disease activity index were measured, and the colon histological change was imaged to further examine the efficacy of NBD and FMT. The specific effects of NBD on STAT3/NF-κB signaling pathway and gut microbiota in rats with UC were also investigated.

Results

The efficacy of NBD in combination with FMT was demonstrated by the lower disease activity index scores; increased tight junction proteins expression; and a lower expression of macrophage marker (F4/80) in colon tissues. NBD combined with FMT elevated the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and inhibited activation of the JAK2/STAT3/NF-κB related proteins. Furthermore, 16SrDNA sequencing indicated that the gut microbiota in rats with UC was perturbed, in contrast to that in healthy rats. After treatment with NBD and FMT, the diversity and abundance of intestinal flora showed clear improvements. Spearman correlation analysis indicated a strong correlation between specific microbiota and fecal concentrations of acetate, propionate and butyrate.

Conclusions

The protective mechanism of NBD combined with FMT may be linked to regulation NF-κB/STAT3 and restoration of the intestinal flora.
Novel localization of folate transport systems in the murine central nervous system
Authors: Sangha Vishal , Hoque Md. Tozammel , Henderson Jeffrey T. , Bendayan Reina
Published: November 2022

Background

Folates are a family of B9 vitamins that serve as one-carbon donors critical to biosynthetic processes required for the development and function of the central nervous system (CNS) in mammals. Folate transport is mediated by three highly specific systems: (1) folate receptor alpha (FRα; FOLR1/Folr1), (2) the reduced folate-carrier (RFC; SLC19A1/Slc19a1) and (3) the proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT; SLC46A1/Slc46a1). Folate transport into and out of the CNS occurs at the blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB), mediated by FRα and PCFT. Impairment of folate transport at the BCSFB results in cerebral folate deficiency in infants characterized by severe neurological deficiencies and seizures. In contrast to the BCSFB, CNS folate transport at other brain barriers and brain parenchymal cells has not been extensively investigated. The aim of this study is to characterize folate transport systems in the murine CNS at several known barriers encompassing the BCSFB, arachnoid barrier (AB), blood–brain barrier (BBB) and parenchymal cells (astrocytes, microglia, neurons).

Methods

Applying immunohistochemistry, localization of folate transport systems (RFC, PCFT, FRα) was examined at CNS barriers and parenchymal sites in wildtype (C57BL6/N) mice. Subcellular localization of the folate transport systems was further assessed in an in vitro model of the mouse AB. Gene and protein expression was analyzed in several in vitro models of brain barriers and parenchyma by qPCR and western blot analysis.

Results

RFC, PCFT, and FRα expression was localized within the BCSFB and BBB consistent with previous reports. Only RFC and PCFT expression was detected at the AB. Varied levels of RFC and PCFT expression were detected in neuronal and glial cells.

Conclusions

Localization of RFC and PCFT within the AB, described here for the first time, suggest that AB may contribute to folate transport between the peripheral circulation and the CSF. RFC and PCFT expression observed in astrocytes and microglia is consistent with the role that one or both of these transporters may play in delivering folates into cells within brain parenchyma. These studies provide insights into mechanisms of folate transport in the CNS and may enhance our understanding of the critical role folates play in neurodevelopment and in the development of novel treatment strategies for disorders of brain folate deficiency due to impaired transporter function.
First autochthonous clinical case of Hepatozoon silvestris in a domestic cat in Italy with unusual presentation
Authors: Simonato Giulia , Franco Vittoria , Salvatore Giovanna , Manzocchi Simone , Dotto Giorgia , Morelli Simone , Grillini Marika , Cavicchioli Laura , Gelain Maria Elena , Zini Eric
Published: November 2022

Hepatozoon spp. is the causative agent of a vector-borne parasitic disease in many animal species. In felids, Hepatozoon felis, Hepatozoon canis and Hepatozoon silvestris have been molecularly isolated. Hepatozoonosis usually causes asymptomatic infections in domestic cats, but clinical cases have recently been reported in Europe. We describe the first Italian case of hepatozoonosis in a cat with an unusual presentation. An 11-year-old neutered European shorthair cat was urgently hospitalized for intestinal intussusception. Hematology, biochemistry, FIV-FeLV tests, blood smears and molecular investigation targeting the 18S rRNA gene of Hepatozoon spp. were performed on blood samples; in addition, histological and molecular investigations were performed to analyze surgical samples to identify Hepatozoon infection. Hepatozoon gamonts were detected in granulocytes in the blood smear, and Hepatozoon spp. DNA was confirmed by PCR on blood. The intussusception was caused by a sessile endoluminal nodule that was surgically removed. Histologically, many elements referring to parasitic tissue forms were identified in the intestinal cells, and then the specimens were molecularly confirmed to harbor H. silvestris. This is the first description of symptomatic hepatozoonosis in a domestic cat in Italy. Hepatozoon silvestris has been described in wild felids, which are usually resilient to the infection, whereas the domestic cat seems to be more susceptible. Indeed, H. silvestris in cats usually presents tropism for skeletal muscle and myocardium with subsequent clinical manifestations. This is the first description of a domestic cat with H. silvestris localized in the intestinal epithelium and associated with intussusception.

Graphical abstract
Contribution of variant subunits and associated factors to genome-wide distribution and dynamics of cohesin
Authors: Cuadrado Ana , Giménez-Llorente Daniel , De Koninck Magali , Ruiz-Torres Miguel , Kojic Aleksandar , Rodríguez-Corsino Miriam , Losada Ana
Published: November 2022

Background

The cohesin complex organizes the genome-forming dynamic chromatin loops that impact on all DNA-mediated processes. There are two different cohesin complexes in vertebrate somatic cells, carrying the STAG1 or STAG2 subunit, and two versions of the regulatory subunit PDS5, PDS5A and PDS5B. Mice deficient for any of the variant subunits are embryonic lethal, which indicates that they are not functionally redundant. However, their specific behavior at the molecular level is not fully understood.

Results

The genome-wide distribution of cohesin provides important information with functional consequences. Here, we have characterized the distribution of cohesin subunits and regulators in mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) either wild type or deficient for cohesin subunits and regulators by chromatin immunoprecipitation and deep sequencing. We identify non-CTCF cohesin-binding sites in addition to the commonly detected CTCF cohesin sites and show that cohesin-STAG2 is the preferred variant at these positions. Moreover, this complex has a more dynamic association with chromatin as judged by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), associates preferentially with WAPL and is more easily extracted from chromatin with salt than cohesin-STAG1. We observe that both PDS5A and PDS5B are exclusively located at cohesin-CTCF positions and that ablation of a single paralog has no noticeable consequences for cohesin distribution while double knocked out cells show decreased accumulation of cohesin at all its binding sites. With the exception of a fraction of cohesin positions in which we find binding of all regulators, including CTCF and WAPL, the presence of NIPBL and PDS5 is mutually exclusive, consistent with our immunoprecipitation analyses in mammalian cell extracts and previous results in yeast.

Conclusion

Our findings support the idea that non-CTCF cohesin-binding sites represent sites of cohesin loading or pausing and are preferentially occupied by the more dynamic cohesin-STAG2. PDS5 proteins redundantly contribute to arrest cohesin at CTCF sites, possibly by preventing binding of NIPBL, but are not essential for this arrest. These results add important insights towards understanding how cohesin regulates genome folding and the specific contributions of the different variants that coexist in the cell.
Ruptured innominate artery pseudoaneurysm presenting as hoarseness in Behçet’s syndrome: a case report
Authors: Johari Hamed Ghoddusi , Moein Seyed Arman , Shenavande Saeedeh , Amirian Armin , Nabavizadeh Sara Sadat
Published: November 2022

Background

Vascular involvement is an infrequent clinical manifestation of Behçet’s syndrome. Owing to the rarity of arterial involvement in Behçet’s syndrome, there is limited experience in managing this phenomenon.

Case presentation

Here, we report a 28-year-old Iranian man with a Behçet’s syndrome background, who presented with shoulder pain and hoarseness. Chest computed tomography angiography was conducted with a suspicion of a vascular pathology causing pressure on the recurrent laryngeal nerves. The patient was diagnosed with a ruptured innominate artery pseudoaneurysm. An innominate artery to the right common carotid artery bypass was performed, and the pseudoaneurysm was excised and replaced with an expandable polytetrafluoroethylene graft. Eventually, the patient was discharged after an uneventful hospital course.

Conclusion

It appears that we are still a long way from finding the optimal treatment for Behçet’s syndrome vascular involvement, and a combination of surgical and medicinal treatments is required.
Transformation of the Processes of Training, Attracting and Retaining Personnel in the High-Tech Business Environment of Modern Russia
Authors: Vladimirov I. , Maslov V. , Hangel'dieva I.
Published: November 2022

Objective: to analyze changes in the processes of training, attracting, hiring and retaining of personnel inside the high-tech business in modern Russia. Methodology: the author's concept of separation of transformational processes according to the essence of the changes is proposed (systemic and value). Various scientific methods were used to describe and analyze these changes: interdisciplinary, philosophical, sociological, analytical, expert. Results: the transformational processes of training, attracting, hiring and retaining personnel are divided into systemic and value-based. The drivers and barriers to the transformation of the system of university and corporate education (for successful renewal of personnel in knowledge-intensive business) are identified. These changes manifest themselves in the reform of the system of vocational education and personnel policy of companies and are generated by the technological revolution 4.0, as well as the new economy based on knowledge, technological and managerial innovations. Contribution of the authors: Vladimirov I.V. (the concept is proposed and described), Maslov V.I. (scientific consulting and expert evaluation from the side of "management evolution"), Khangeldieva I.G. (scientific consulting and expert evaluation from the side of "modern education").
Hybrid and Remote Work: How to Keep Project Team Efficient
Authors: Grigorian I.
Published: November 2022

The scientific article presents the results of an analysis of the tools used to improve the efficiency of project teams when employees are involved through a hybrid and remote form of work. The relevance of the study on the selected issue is due to the fact that in the new reality, project work includes the management of teams whose members work in a hybrid and remote format. Flexibility in working hours and the absence of employees in the workplace can lead to lower results. Therefore, instructions for achieving results and maintaining the effectiveness of project teams are important. The principles of managing an effective project team in the new reality are considered. The influence of remote work on the effectiveness of project teams is analyzed. In conclusion, it was found that the key principles for the effective work of the project team in the new reality are freedom of thought and decision for each employee of the company, as well as the use of flexible project management technologies.
The relationship between maternal personal growth during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment
Authors: Puertas-Gonzalez Jose , Romero-Gonzalez Borja , Caparros-Gonzalez Rafael , Mariño-Narvaez Carolina , Peralta-Ramirez María
Published: November 2022

Optimal adaptation to changes that occur during pregnancy is essential to prevent possible negative effects on maternal psychological health (such as stress or postpartum depression). In fact, an adequate adaptation to the new life situation has implications on the subsequent offspring´s development. Thus, the objective of the present study was to investigate the potential association between levels of personal growth and maternal age during pregnancy with the subsequent cognitive and motor neurodevelopment of the offspring at 6 months of age. Twenty-three pregnant women participated in this longitudinal study. The participants were assessed during the three trimesters of pregnancy using the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 1989). The neonates´ neurodevelopment was assessed using the BSID-III at 6 months of age. A multiple linear regression analysis was carried out using maternal growth during pregnancy and gestational age as independent variables, and the levels of cognitive and motor neurodevelopment of the babies at 6 months of age as dependent variables. The results showed that personal growth during pregnancy predicted cognitive neurodevelopment. Personal growth was also positively related with the scalar score of the fine motor subscale. Findings from this study suggest that maternal personal growth during pregnancy is a predictor of the later infants´ neurodevelopment at 6 months of age.
The GGDEF-EAL protein CdgB from Azospirillum baldaniorum Sp245, is a dual function enzyme with potential polar localization
Authors: Viruega-Góngora Víctor I. , Acatitla-Jácome Iris S. , Zamorano-Sánchez David , Reyes-Carmona Sandra R. , Xiqui-Vázquez María L. , Baca Beatriz Eugenia , Ramírez-Mata Alberto
Published: November 2022

Azospirillum baldaniorum Sp245, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium, can form biofilms through a process controlled by the second messenger cyclic diguanylate monophosphate (c-di-GMP). A. baldaniorum has a variety of proteins potentially involved in controlling the turnover of c-di-GMP many of which are coupled to sensory domains that could be involved in establishing a mutualistic relationship with the host. Here, we present in silico analysis and experimental characterization of the function of CdgB (AZOBR_p410089), a predicted MHYT-PAS-GGDEF-EAL multidomain protein from A. baldaniorum Sp245. When overproduced, CdgB behaves predominantly as a c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) in A. baldaniorum Sp245. It inhibits biofilm formation and extracellular polymeric substances production and promotes swimming motility. However, a CdgB variant with a degenerate PDE domain behaves as diguanylate cyclase (DGC). This strongly suggest that CdgB is capable of dual activity. Variants with alterations in the DGC domain and the MHYT domain negatively affects extracellular polymeric substances production and induction of swimming motility. Surprisingly, we observed that overproduction of CdgB results in increased c-di-GMP accumulation in the heterologous host Escherichia coli, suggesting under certain conditions, the WT CdgB variant can behave predominantly as a DGC. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that CdgB is anchored to the cell membrane and localizes potentially to the cell poles. This localization is dependent on the presence of the MHYT domain. In summary, our results suggest that CdgB can provide versatility to signaling modules that control motile and sessile lifestyles in response to key environmental signals in A. baldaniorum.
O MOVIMENTO COOPERATIVISTA NO BRASIL: UMA REFLEXÃO SOBRE FORMAÇÃO, DESENVOLVIMENTO E PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: Souza Murilo Mendonça Oliveira
Published: November 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo compreender o processo de formação e desenvolvimento do movimento cooperativista, em especial, do cooperativismo agropecuário no Brasil. Busca-se analisar, ainda, a função do cooperativismo no processo de acumulação capitalista no campo e a conseqÃ¼ente diferenciação dos produtores cooperados. Para isso, foram delimitados quatro cortes temporais, a saber: surgimento e consolidação do cooperativismo no Brasil (1889-1930), desenvolvimento e consolidação do cooperativismo agropecuário (1930-1964), cooperativismo agropecuário empresarial no Brasil (1970-1980) e abertura e integração cooperativista (1988- atual). A partir dessa periodização e da realidade do cooperativismo agropecuário na mesorregião do Triângulo Mineiro/Alto Paranaíba, foram traçadas as reflexões e análises aqui apresentadas.
ESTADO DA ARTE DO SISTEMA AQUÍFERO GUARANI - SAG
Authors: Oliveira Luiz Antonio de , Vieira Andréa Santos
Published: November 2022

O principal objetivo desse trabalho é apresentar o estado da arte do Sistema Aquífero Guarani - SAG em sua área de ocorrência na América do Sul. O aquífero ocupa um área de 1.210.000 km2 ao longo das Bacias do Paraná e Chaco, porção meridional da América do Sul, sendo 822.717 km2 em território brasileiro. O SAG é composto principalmente por arenitos de idades triássica e jurássica. As Formações Rosário do Sul, Pirambóia e Botucatu ocorrem no Brasil, Formação Misiones no Paraguai e Argentina, Formação Buena Vista no Uruguai e Argentina e Formação Tacuarembó na Argentina. A formação Botucatu é considerado o principal aquífero em termos regionais de potencial quantitativo.
MODELOS DE SIMULAÇÃO DINÂMICA DO DESMATAMENTO NA AMAZÔNIA
Authors: Ruhoff Anderson Luis , Fantin-Cruz Ibraim , Collischonn Walter
Published: November 2022

Atualmente, a Amazônia é foco de diversos estudos científicos que buscam analisar impactos da ocupação humana sobre a cobertura florestal. Os principais questionamentos relacionados a esta temática diz respeito à evolução do processo de desmatamento e a maneira de prevê-los. Por isso, este trabalho teve por objetivo simular e validar a dinâmica do desmatamento em uma região Amazônica. Para tanto, são ajustados dois modelos de simulação: (1) Cadeias de Markov, e, (2) Redes Neurais Artificiais, com dados de uso e cobertura da terra extraídos de imagens LANDSAT, nos períodos de 1997 e 2001. Para validação dos modelos, foram comparados os valores simulados e observados do ano de 2004. Dados de uso e cobertura da terra indicam que na área estudada as taxas absolutas de desflorestamento diminuíram de 4,71% para 1,43%, enquanto as taxas de regeneração florestal aumentaram de 0,14% para 2,53%, durante o estudo. A simulação por Cadeias de Markov apresentou menores variações (12,5%) quando compradas as redes neurais (23%) para áreas de não-florestas entre dados observados e simulados. Os modelos de simulação não mostraram-se eficientes uma vez que o processo de desmatamento não ocorreu de forma estacionária.
O PAPEL DA EMBRAPA NAS TRANSFORMAÇÕES DO CERRADO
Authors: Franco José Benjamin Severino
Published: November 2022

Through the reading of a suitable bibliography this work presents auspiciously in a

simplified way, as it was idealized and implanted the modernization of the agriculture in the countries in development (outlying) and for extension in Brazil. The countries that incorporated the idea of the "Green Revolutionâ€?, they took the responsibility of implanting it, creating for its end research centers. In Brazil EMBRAPA was created (Federal) and EMATER (State), both with the objective of disseminating the technological package contained in the "Green Revolution.â€?
ASPECTOS HISTÓRICOS DA EXPANSÃO URBANA NO SUDESTE DO MUNICÍPIO DE FORTALEZA, CEARÁ - BRASIL
Authors: Fuck Júnior Sérgio César de França
Published: November 2022

Através da (re)produção social do espaço urbano (mediação pelo trabalho, ao longo do tempo), a sociedade se apropria da natureza, transformando-a e transformando a si própria. A partir dessa premissa, analisamos a expansão urbana atual no Município de Fortaleza, especificamente no sudeste desse território (o Distrito de Messejana, como entidade histórica). Assim, este artigo relata e discute este processo de expansão espacial de Messejana-Fortaleza - resgatando-se alguns aspectos de sua formação histórica à atualidade. Apresentamos e discutimos alguns aspectos sócio-demográficos, infra-estruturais, político-administrativos e ambientais relativos à atual expansão da malha urbana em Messejana-Fortaleza (sudeste do município), mostrando o processo e suas feições atuais e recuperando o histórico de formação de seu espaço intra-urbano (de Messejana e da própria Cidade de Fortaleza, desde núcleos "urbanosâ€? independentes até a presente configuração territorial intra-urbana), entendendo a fase atual a partir dessa relação Messejana-Fortaleza.
OCUPAÇÃO DE ENCOSTAS E LEGISLAÇÃO URBANÍSTICA EM VIÇOSA (MG)
Authors: Carneiro Patrício Aureliano Silva , Faria André Luiz Lopes
Published: November 2022

Este artigo teve como objetivo mostrar as relações contraditórias entre as questões sócio-ambientais e as legislações urbanísticas, por meio da análise de leis federais e municipais, e da aplicação de questionários ambiental e sócio-econômico num bairro denominado Maria Eugênia na cidade de Viçosa (MG). Esse bairro é caracterizado por adensamentos populacionais de baixa renda, com condições precárias de urbanização, e ocupação de áreas de preservação permanente, entre elas, encostas e topos de morros. A análise dos questionários nos permitiu inferir que a maioria dos entrevistados carece de informações a respeito do impacto ambiental causado pela ocupação de encostas e topos de morros no bairro, enquanto o estudo das legislações urbanísticas do município admitiu apontar que as mesmas não condizem com a configuração espacial observada no bairro estudado. É imprescindível que o Poder Público aja para concretizar a função social da propriedade urbana, prevista na legislação, combatendo a especulação imobiliária e promovendo a desapropriação para interesse social. Julga-se ainda necessário, a construção participativa de projetos de inclusão social para conscientização da importância do ambiente e redução dos problemas sociais. Tais medidas contribuirão para a melhoria da qualidade sócio-ambiental dos moradores do bairro.
ANÁLISE ESPACIAL DAS ÁREAS VERDES URBANAS DA ESTÂNCIA DE ÁGUAS DE SÃO PEDRO – SP
Authors: Jesus Silvia Cristina de , Braga Roberto
Published: November 2022

Embora a quantificação de áreas verdes seja um instrumento útil na avaliação da qualidade ambiental de uma cidade, não é suficiente quando não se considera a distribuição das mesmas pelo espaço urbano. Para uma maior eficiência ecológica e social a cobertura vegetal deve estar distribuída de maneira homogênea. A distribuição das áreas verdes públicas no espaço urbano da Estância de Águas de São Pedro – SP foi avaliada a partir do mapeamento e determinação dos raios de influência dos espaços verdes. A inexistência de espaços não atingidos pelo raio de influência das áreas verdes urbanas aponta para uma distribuição homogênea destes espaços. A maioria das áreas verdes urbanas da Estância de Águas de São Pedro desempenha função predominantemente socioeconômica, com o objetivo de proporcionar o lazer e o convívio social, bem como o turismo. Todavia, estas mesmas áreas são eficientes no que se refere à atenuação dos impactos provocados pela urbanização e contribuem para a diversidade da paisagem.
GEOGRAFIA ESCOLAR: QUAL O SEU PROBLEMA?
Authors: Bomfim Natanael Reis
Published: November 2022

Esse artigo, resultado de uma pesquisa de doutorado em educação, tem como objetivo abordar os principais problemas da geografia escolar e apresentar algumas reflexões pedagógica que possam auxiliar o trabalho do professor de Geografia.
DISPONIBILIDADE HIDRICA E VOLUME DE ÁGUA OUTORGADO NA MICRO-BACIA DO RIBEIRÃO ABÓBORA, MUNICÍPIO DE RIO VERDE, ESTADO DE GOIÁS
Authors: Garcia Abilene Vieira , Oliveira Elaine Cristina Alves de , Silva Glicélia Pereira , Costa Priscilla Pires da , Oliveira Luiz Antonio de
Published: November 2022

O objetivo principal deste trabalho é avaliar a situação atual, bem como estabelecer projeções futuras com relação à demanda e a oferta de água na Micro-bacia do Ribeirão Abóbora, Rio Verde/GO, Brasil. Na cidade de Rio Verde, 83% do total de água distribuída à população pelo sistema público de abastecimento provém de captação superficial, sendo que os 13% restantes correspondem à exploração de água subterrânea. O Ribeirão Abóbora é a principal fonte de fornecimento de água para a população, sendo utilizada também no processo produtivo da Perdigão Industrial e abastecimento das propriedades rurais. No estado de Goiás o coeficiente utilizado para cálculo do volume máximo de água a ser outorgado é o índice Q95, ou seja, a vazão com garantia de permanência em 95% (noventa e cinco por cento) do tempo. Considerando ainda que a soma das vazões outorgadas na bacia, à montante do ponto requerido para captação não poderá exceder a 70% da vazão de referência definida pelo Q95. Desta forma, definido o valor de Q95 = 1,5 m3/s, o volume que poderá que poderá ser outorgado será: 1,5* 70 = 1,05 m3/s. Relacionando o volume de 440 l/s, referente às captações da Perdigão Industrial (120 l/s) e o suprimento de água para a população (320 l/s) e não levando-se em conta as captações das propriedades rurais, com o valor do Q95, não há risco de escassez de água, não havendo portanto, situações de conflito.
DIMENSIONAMENTO E ESTUDO DOS FATORES CONDICIONANTES DE DUAS VOÇOROCAS LOCALIZADAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE SOROCABA (SP)
Authors: Ikematsu Priscila , Da Silva Alexandre Marco , Paula Fabíolla Pereira de , Nogueira Davi Pajaro , Silveira Felipe Muniz , Alves Sérgio Henrique , Bomback Michele
Published: November 2022

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar os solos da área de entorno de duas voçorocas localizadas no município de Sorocaba (SP), bem como estimar o volume destas voçorocas e também descrever e explicar as principais características que iniciaram e aceleram os processo erosivos. Em campo realizaram-se coletas de solo para fins de análise física e química e medições da largura e profundidade em vários setores das feições, a fim de calcular seu volume. A voçoroca localizada em área urbana (V1) apresentou volume médio de 13.307,0 m3 e forma predominantemente trapezoidal, tendo como principal condicionador do processo uma canaleta localizada na beira da rodovia próxima a feição erosiva. Já a feição erosiva localizada em área rural (V2) apresentou um volume de 20,4 m3, e forma aproximadamente retangular, tendo como causa principal característica a ausência de vegetação e mau manejo do gado. Apesar de diferenças na forma e fatores condicionantes, ambas necessitam de monitoramento contínuo e urgentes providências para minimização do processo e recuperação das áreas degradadas, pois encontram-se em áreas com grande interferência antrópica, que intensifica os processos erosivos através da abertura de estradas, compactação do solo e manejo do solo inadequado.
O ESPAÇO INTRA-URBANO DE UMA CIDADE MÉDIA E SUAS CENTRALIDADES: UMA ANÁLISE DE MONTES CLAROS NO NORTE DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: De França Iara Soares , Soares Beatriz Ribeiro
Published: November 2022

O presente trabalho analisa o processo de expansão urbana de Montes Claros, cidade média localizada no Norte de Minas Gerais, por meio da formação de novas centralidades e da redefinição de funções do núcleo central. Até meados da década de 1970, Montes Claros concentrava no núcleo central parte expressiva de suas atividades, especialmente comércio e prestação de serviços. Desde então, essa cidade apresenta uma configuração urbana caracterizada, entre outros processos, pelo surgimento de novas centralidades não restritas ao núcleo principal. Partindo dessa premissa, esse trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a dinâmica recente do núcleo central de Montes Claros, contextualizando-a enquanto cidade média norte-mineira e enfocando suas transformações territoriais, demográficas e econômicas. Diante disso, examinar-se-á o surgimento de novas centralidades, a partir do estudo dos subcentros Major Prates e Esplanada. Para tal, a metodologia utilizada consiste em análise e revisão teórica sobre as temáticas cidades médias, expansão territorial urbana, descentralização econômica e subcentros; a observação empírica na área de estudo e confecção de mapas de uso e ocupação do solo, bem como registro iconográfico.
DIAGNOSTICO AMBIENTAL E ANÁLISE MORFOMÉTRICA DA MICROBACIA DO CÓRREGO LANHOSO EM UBERABA - MG
Authors: Torres Jose Luiz Rodrigues , Fabian Adelar José , Da Silva Ariana Lucia , Pessoa Elisângela de J , Resende Eliene de F
Published: November 2022

Com objetivo de diagnosticar a deterioração socioeconômica, ambiental e avaliar as características morfométricas da microbacia do Córrego Lanhoso. Visitou-se a área de estudo, aplicou-se questionários numa amostra da população local e fez-se uma análise morfométrica da área numa carta topográfica do IBGE (Folha Uberaba). A deterioração calculada para o fator social (S) foi 43%, índice este considerado médio. Para o fator econômico (E) obteve-se 54 %, valor médio-alto. Para o fator tecnológico (T) obteve-se 47%, valor médio. Para o fator sócio-econômico (S+E+T) obteve-se 45%, valor médio. Para o fator ambiental obteve-se 37%, valor ainda baixo na região. Observa-se a preservação das cabeceiras da nascente e algumas práticas de manejo e conservação do solo, porém ocorre um alto índice de desmatamento ao longo do Córrego, inclusive da mata ciliar. A caracterização morfométrica da microbacia descreve uma forma mais alongada, sendo comprovado pelo Ic de 0,50, Kc de 1,40 e Kf de 0,50, além da Dd de 1,46 km/km2 e a declividade da bacia de 1,86%. Estes valores associados mostram uma área sem problemas de enchentes e erosões ao longo do córrego. Os índices obtidos não caracterizaram uma deterioração ambiental elevada.
Efficient maximum
k
-plex computation over large sparse graphs
Authors: Chang Lijun , Xu Mouyi , Strash Darren
Published: November 2022

The
k
-plex model is a relaxation of the clique model by allowing every vertex to miss up to
k
neighbors. Designing exact and efficient algorithms for computing a maximum
k
-plex in a graph has been receiving increasing interest recently. However, the existing algorithms are still inefficient due to having major limitations. We in this paper design a new algorithm kPlexS for the maximum
k
-plex problem, with three novel contributions. Firstly, we propose a new framework for computing maximum
k
-plex over large sparse graphs, by iteratively extracting small dense subgraphs from it and then solving each of the extracted dense subgraphs by a branch-and-bound search. Secondly, we propose an efficient reduction algorithm CTCP to reduce the input graph size by exhaustively conducting vertex reduction and edge reduction. CTCP computes a smaller reduced graph and also has a lower time complexity than the existing techniques. Moreover, we iteratively invoke CTCP to reduce the input graph once a vertex has been processed and removed from it. Thirdly, we develop a branch-and-bound algorithm BBMatrix specifically targeting the dense subgraphs that are extracted from the input graph. BBMatrix represents its input graph by an adjacency matrix, and utilizes both first-order (i.e., individual vertices) and second-order information (i.e., pairs of vertices) for reduction and upper bounding. In addition, incremental techniques are proposed to efficiently apply the reduction and upper bounding during the recursion. Extensive empirical studies on large real graphs demonstrate that our algorithm kPlexS outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms BnB, Maplex, and KpLeX.
Models and mechanisms for spatial data fairness
Authors: Shaham Sina , Ghinita Gabriel , Shahabi Cyrus
Published: November 2022

Fairness in data-driven decision-making studies scenarios where individuals from certain population segments may be unfairly treated when being considered for loan or job applications, access to public resources, or other types of services. In location-based applications, decisions are based on individual whereabouts, which often correlate with sensitive attributes such as race, income, and education.

While fairness has received significant attention recently, e.g., in machine learning, there is little focus on achieving fairness when dealing with location data. Due to their characteristics and specific type of processing algorithms, location data pose important fairness challenges. We introduce the concept of
spatial data fairness
to address the specific challenges of location data and spatial queries. We devise a novel building block to achieve fairness in the form of
fair polynomials.
Next, we propose two mechanisms based on fair polynomials that achieve individual spatial fairness, corresponding to two common location-based decision-making types:
distance-based
and
zone-based.
Extensive experimental results on real data show that the proposed mechanisms achieve spatial fairness without sacrificing utility.
Fries
Authors: Wang Zuozhi , Ni Shengquan , Kumar Avinash , Li Chen
Published: November 2022

A computing job in a big data system can take a long time to run, especially for pipelined executions on data streams. Developers often need to change the computing logic of the job such as fixing a loophole in an operator or changing the machine learning model in an operator with a cheaper model to handle a sudden increase of the data-ingestion rate. Recently many systems have started supporting runtime reconfigurations to allow this type of change on the fly without killing and restarting the execution. While the delay in reconfiguration is critical to performance, existing systems use epochs to do runtime reconfigurations, which can cause a long delay. In this paper we develop a new technique called Fries that leverages the emerging availability of fast control messages in many systems, since these messages can be sent without being blocked by data messages. We formally define consistency in runtime reconfigurations, and develop a Fries scheduler with consistency guarantees. The technique not only works for different classes of dataflows, but also works for parallel executions and supports fault tolerance. Our extensive experimental evaluation on clusters show the advantages of this technique compared to epoch-based schedulers.
Approximating probabilistic group steiner trees in graphs
Authors: Yang Shuang , Sun Yahui , Liu Jiesong , Xiao Xiaokui , Li Rong-Hua , Wei Zhewei
Published: November 2022

Consider an edge-weighted graph, and a number of properties of interests (PoIs). Each vertex has a probability of exhibiting each PoI. The joint probability that a set of vertices exhibits a PoI is the probability that this set contains at least one vertex that exhibits this PoI. The
probabilistic group Steiner tree
problem is to find a tree such that (i) for each PoI, the joint probability that the set of vertices in this tree exhibits this PoI is no smaller than a threshold value,
e.g.
, 0.97; and (ii) the total weight of edges in this tree is the minimum. Solving this problem is useful for mining various graphs with uncertain vertex properties, but is NP-hard. The existing work focuses on certain cases, and cannot perform this task. To meet this challenge, we propose 3 approximation algorithms for solving the above problem. Let |Γ| be the number of PoIs, and ξ be an upper bound of the number of vertices for satisfying the threshold value of exhibiting each PoI. Algorithms 1 and 2 have tight approximation guarantees proportional to |Γ| and ξ, and exponential time complexities with respect to ξ and |Γ|, respectively. In comparison, Algorithm 3 has a looser approximation guarantee proportional to, and a polynomial time complexity with respect to, both |Γ| and ξ. Experiments on real and large datasets show that the proposed algorithms considerably outperform the state-of-the-art related work for finding probabilistic group Steiner trees in various cases.
The Society of Singularities—10 Theses
Authors: Reckwitz Andreas
Published: November 2022

The article summarizes the content of Andreas Reckwitz’s bookThe Society of Singularitiesin 10 theses and briefly links it to the author’s overall work.The Society of Singularitiesapplies a practice theory approach in order to outline a theory of Western (late-)modernity which recognizes in it a basic rivalry between two logics of social evaluation: a social logic of the general and a social logic of the particular/ singular. The question arises which historical causes for the surge of the social logic of uniqueness since the 1980s can be discerned, which structural features this type of society unfolds and which social and political consequences it has.
Social perception and support – An international sports event from the perspective of the residents of the host city
Authors: Máté Tünde
Published: November 2022

With the increase of international sports events in Hungary, their number, size, coverage, required investments, social impacts, the number of stakeholders, and people's involvement have also grown, while social support has bottomed out. How can we achieve social support? What are the factors that determine the perception of the residents of the organising city, thus, their social support? This question is answered by analysing the case of the European Youth Olympic Festival in Győr. The empirical research used quantitative methods, obtaining residents' opinions of international sports events before and after the event. The paper shows that a general positive opinion of international sports events is positively correlated with high levels of both spectator and participation sports consumption. Also, those who are personally satisfied with their quality of life generally support the organisation of international sports events and think positively of their impact. The level of satisfaction with life is correlated with satisfaction with the city and a positive opinion of its services. The regression model shows that personal involvement (e.g., interest, participation, and volunteering) is positively related to the evaluation of the impacts of sports events.
Socially Responsible Management of Human Resources in SMEs during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Stec-Rusiecka Jolanta , Warmińska Agata
Published: November 2022

Objective: The paper examines whether the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced SMEs to take socially responsible actions in their HR management.Research Design & Methods: The paper reviews the literature with regard to human resources management in SMEs and corporate social responsibility. Empirical research was carried out with a survey, with respondents filling out an online questionnaire. The research covered 241 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in south-eastern Poland.Findings: The main research problem was the analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the continuation of socially responsible activities in HR management at SMEs. The first hypothesis – that there is a correlation between the application of social responsibility before the COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of socially responsible human resources management activities during the pandemic – was verified. The second hypothesis – that the implementation of socially responsible activities does not depend on the location of SMEs – was not confirmed.Implications / Recommendations: The results of the research show that during the COVID-19 pandemic companies continued to combine employee performance assessments with CSR activities, rewarding socially responsible activities undertaken by employees, providing employees with favourable working conditions, and supporting them in training and professional development.Contribution: The research and analysis both enrich the current scientific knowledge base on social responsibility with data on the social commitment of employers to employees in a crisis situation.
PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATION IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING IN COLLEGE
Authors:   Multidisciplinary College named after I. T. Karasev, Dudova N. A. , Aparsheva V. V. ,   Tambov State Technical University
Published: November 2022

The article deals with the current issues of the design of methodology of teaching the general subject “Foreign language” based on the professional orientation. The most effective educational technologies and techniques for teaching professio- nally oriented English are determined. The model of foreign language teaching has been de- veloped on the basis of a regional multidisciplinary college. The methodology that includes practice-oriented tasks in the process of teaching the general subject “Foreign Language” and promotes the formation of students’ professional competence has been tested.
FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF RELIGIOUS SITUATION IN THE BURYAT-MONGOLIAN (BURYAT) ASSR IN THE POST-WAR SOVIET TIMES
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, E. V. Drobotushenko
Published: November 2022

The article based on the archival documents characterizes the general features of religious processes on the territory of the Buryat-Mongolian (Buryat since 1958) Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the post-war Soviet period. We have analyzed the development of religious situation, as well as the features of religious processes. It is noted that currently the history of religious teachings in the region at the time under con-sideration is poorly studied. There are separate publications that do not give a holistic pic-ture. We suggest that the religious processes on the territory of the Buryat-Mongolian (Buryat) ASSR in the post-war Soviet period are similar to those on the territory of the neighboring Chita Oblast: only one functioning Orthodox church, a few clergymen, one Buddhist datsan, similar quantitative data on the rituals and income of the registered reli-gious associations. It is noted that the problem stated in the article requires serious further analysis based on reliable sources, primarily on archival documents. Given the small number of archival affairs on religious processes in the territory of the Buryat (Buryat-Mongolian) Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the post-war Soviet period in the regional archives, the emphasis should be placed on the funds of national repositories.
HALF A CENTURY OF REBELLIONS IN TRANSBAIKALIA
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, R. A. Evtekhov
Published: November 2022

The article presents a brief history of rebellions of the military service popula-tion of Transbaikalia in the 17th century in the context of security and police functions of the administrative apparatus. We have identified the officials who ensured police order, court and supervision. Among the key competent authorities are clerks and voivodes, who were mainly supported by the Cossacks. We have made an attempt to identify not only the characteristic historical features of the rebellions, but also the reasons that gave rise to them. One of the most important reasons for the events that took place on the territory of Transbaikalia during the second half of the 17th century was undoubtedly malversation of responsible officials, as well as the important for this period request for justice. We be-lieve that, despite the extreme geographical distance and transboundariness of the region, Transbaikalia experienced the same difficulties in socio-political development as other Russian regions in the 17th century, which received the name of the Rebellious Age in his-toriography. At the same time, there were also features, which are typical for the regions of Eastern Siberia, Transbaikalia and the Far East, such as an extreme remoteness of the region from decision-making centers, high concentration of the military service popula-tion, the lack of regular police services capable of detecting threats to law and order and transboundariness.
POTENCIAL ALELOPÁTICO DOS EXTRATOS DE AZEVÉM (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), ESTRELA-AFRICANA (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst), NABO (Raphanus sativus L.), E MIX DE COBERTURA NO CRESCIMENTO INICIAL DO MILHO (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Rodrigo RENSCH Diogo , BUSNELLO Fábio José , Olias Caroline , SAUER Aline Vanessa , Reschke LAJÚS Cristiano
Published: November 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o potencial alelopático dos extratos de Azevém, Estrela- Africana, Nabo e Mix de Cobertura no crescimento inicial do Milho. O experimento foi conduzido na área do Viveiro Florestal da Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó – UNOCHAPECÓ. Para a preparação dos extratos aquosos, foram coletadas no campo Azevém, Estrela-Africana, Nabo e Mix de cobertura em estádio de florescimento. Os testes foram realizados com 4 repetições cada, dispostas em Delineamento Inteiramente Casualizado, com 5 tratamentos (Azevém, Estrela-Africana, Nabo e Mix de cobertura e testemunha), sendo que cada repetição (recipiente) contou com 50 sementes. O híbrido que foi utilizado é o P3565 PWU®. De acordo com os procedimentos padrões de Brasil (2009) e Floss (2011) foram realizadas as avaliações comprimento da radícula e estatura da parte aérea. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) pelo teste F e as diferenças entre as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (P≤0,05). Nas condições em que o experimento foi conduzido pode-se concluir que o mix de cobertura proporciona efeito estimulador positivo para o comprimento da radícula e estatura da parte aérea das plântulas de milho.
AVALIAÇÃO FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DE QUEIJO COALHO MATURADO E DEFUMADO PRODUZIDO COM OS LEITES DE CABRA
Authors: Alexandre Lignalva , Rufino José , Silva Rikelyne , Leite Mércia , Barbosa Neila
Published: November 2022

O queijo coalho que está presente no dia-a-dia dos pernambucanos, é um produto obtido pela coagulação do leite bovino. Porém, atualmente, outras matrizes são utilizadas na sua produção como leites de cabra, ovelha e búfala. Como inovação, utilizou-se como matérias-primas para produção do queijo coalho maturado e defumado a mistura dos leites bovino e caprino. Este trabalho teve como objetivo inicial o desenvolvimento de um queijo do tipo coalho produzido com as matérias-primas leite bovino e leite caprino. O leite caprino utilizado para produção do queijo foi submetido à pasteurização lenta (65ºC por 30 minutos) e misturado com o leite bovino pasteurizado tipo A. Posteriormente adicionou-se o cloreto de cálcio, o coagulante e o sal. Depois de elaborado, o queijo foi maturado por 10 dias a uma temperatura de 12ºC e umidade relativa do ar de 95%, a defumação foi realizada em um defumador artesanal confeccionado a partir de latas de tinta reaproveitadas e utilizou-se a serragem como material de queima. Os processos de maturação e defumação do queijo conferiram características especiais ao produto como atenuações de sabor, odor, textura e consistência que vão se acentuando com o envelhecimento. Foram realizados ensaios físico-químicas para avaliar a qualidade do queijo produzido: pH, acidez titulável, lipídios, umidade, cinzas e proteínas). Baseado nos resultados físico-químicos, obteve-se 46,16% de umidade caracterizando o queijo de coalho produzido como queijo de alta umidade e 52,93% de gordura no extrato seco (GES) caracterizando-o como queijo gordo.  Os valores médios para o pH compreenderam 5,73 a 6,18 e para o parâmetro de acidez titulável, entre 0,33 e 0,59g ácido lático/100g para um período de acompanhamento de seis semanas. O rendimento associado a produção do queijo maturado foi de 9,69L/Kg, após 10 dias de maturação o queijo perdeu cerca de 30% de sua massa inicial.