bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inspiring lifelong learners in the NQN year
Authors: Roberts Elly
Published: July 2023

Imogen Stopforth, newly qualified Nanny from Norland College, discusses her fourth and final year of the practical Norland diploma, the Newly Qualified Nanny (NQN) year, looking after a two-year-old girl in London. She considers how important it is to listen to the voices of young children in our care and to always make learning fun.
Johnny
Authors: Davis Lauren Cassani
Published: July 2023

Abstract: The Summer 2023 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Summer 2023 Issue, guest-edited by Tom Perrotta, features poetry and prose by Marianne Leone, Cheryl Lu-Lien Tan, Andre Dubus III, Fabio Morabito, Jen Trynin, Olufunke Grace Bankole, and Jess Walter, among others.
Gary's Way
Authors: Dubus Andre
Published: July 2023

Abstract: The Summer 2023 Issue. Ploughshares is an award-winning journal of new writing. Since 1971, Ploughshares has discovered and cultivated the freshest voices in contemporary American literature, and now provides readers with thoughtful and entertaining literature in a variety of formats. Find out why the New York Times named Ploughshares "the Triton among minnows." The Summer 2023 Issue, guest-edited by Tom Perrotta, features poetry and prose by Marianne Leone, Cheryl Lu-Lien Tan, Andre Dubus III, Fabio Morabito, Jen Trynin, Olufunke Grace Bankole, and Jess Walter, among others.
El debate de la sucesión del Líder Supremo en Irán: la influencia de los P?sd?r?n en el imaginario político post ‘Al? Jameneh??
Authors: Garduño García Moíses
Published: July 2023

Este artículo aborda el debate de la sucesión de ‘Al? Jamen?? como Líder Supremo en Irán. Se pretende demostrar que el cargo político más importante de la República Islámica lo ostentará un personaje que actúe a favor de los intereses de los P?sd?r?n y no a favor del principio del “más docto” que, constitucionalmente, es el prioritario y más deseable para tener el cargo. Los candidatos de los P?sd?r?n deberán competir con los candidatos provenientes de otros centros de poder importantes en Irán tales como la Asamblea de Expertos o las redes informales del propio ‘Al? Jameneh??, actores que, con sus propias fichas, intentarán imponer a aquel ??atollah que mejor se adecúe a sus intereses en la coyuntura actual iraní. AbstractThis paper discusses the succession of ‘Al? Khamenei as a Supreme Leader in Iran. It shows that the most important political Office of the Islamic Republic will be held by people acting in favor of the interests of the P?sd?r?n rather than supporters of "the most learned" principle which, legally, is the most desirable requirement to have the office. So, P?sd?r?n´s candidates will have to compete with those who come from other centers of power in Iran such as r???ni??t, and the informal networks of 'Al? Jameneh??, actors who, with their own means, will try to impose one ??atollah that responds to their political and economical interests in the current context of the Iranian politics.
Mechanical and chemical modification of wood materials - Compressed wood and oxidized charcoal
Authors: Patyakin Vasily I. , Sugaipov Uzum U. , Birman Alexei R. , Bazarov Sergei M. , Pilshikov Yuri N. , Spitsyn Andrei A. , Mettee Howard D.
Published: July 2023

Mechanical compression and electrolyte infusion of wood, pyrolysis, and chemical activation of the resulting charcoals produced enhanced abilities to adsorb lead ion and benzene from model polluted water solutions. Iodine number (F) and methylene blue (E) indices also showed enhancement of surface activity. Ultrasonic techniques revealed a loss of pore structure during wood compression, as water infiltration likewise indicated for the resulting charcoals, but there was not necessarily a loss of adsorption ability for the above adsorbents on subsequent charcoals. Aspen based charcoals activated by pressurized H2O2 showed the most promise among those tested.
Advancements in N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) catalysis for benzoin reactions: A comprehensive review from past to present
Authors: Noppawan Pakin , Phungpis Baramee , Worawut Kanokkan
Published: July 2023

N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) catalyze benzoin condensation, which is a unique carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction. It entails a coupling reaction between two aldehydes catalyzed by NHCs that produce a-hydroxycarbonyl compounds (acyloins). NHCs have emerged as a potent class of organocatalysts, catalyzing numerous benzoin and benzoin-type reactions. This review provides an overview of the historical development of NHCs and their application in benzoin reactions. Additionally, recent advancements in NHC catalysis, including the use of chiral NHCs, are discussed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state of NHC catalysis for benzoin reactions and its potential for future developments in synthetic chemistry.
Educación en Competencias Financieras, Administrativas y de Marketing para la Comunidad
Authors: Abad Candy , Valencia Paola
Published: July 2023

Los textos presentados en esta publicación corresponden a los diversos temas tratados en las charlasacadémicas radiales del CADE-USFQ de los participantes al programa “Exponential Set”. Tambiénincluyen los aportes de profesores y estudiantes invitados a colaborar con esta edición. Estos artículos,en su mayoría, están redactados en un lenguaje coloquial que permite un fácil y claro entendimientopara que los propietarios o administradores de micronegocios puedan desarrollar habilidades degestión empresarial.
Assessment of Dysmenorrhea using WaLIDD Score Instruments on Nursing Students
Authors: . Juwitasari , Dhea Erlita Rilen , Lestari Handayani Tri , Harini Ririn
Published: July 2023

Dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain is pain or cramps in the lower abdomen that occurs during menstruation in some women, experienced primarily at ages 18-25 years, ending at around the age of 40. The impact of dysmenorrhea can affect nursing students’ performance during class, causing concentration difficulties, anxiety, and psychological stress. The variety of respondents’ characteristics caused the different capacities to adapt to the dysmenorrhea sign and symptoms. Menstrual pain can be measured by the WaLIDD score, which consists of Working ability, location, intensity, and day of pain. This cross-sectional study identified the level of dysmenorrhea using the WaLIDD Score Instrument. This research was carried out starting October 11, 2021, with nursing student respondents from the 2019 and 2020 batches. The population in this study was 313 nursing students. The accidental sampling technique was used in this study, and as many as 180 female students who met the inclusion criteria participated. The analysis of 91 female students who experienced severe dysmenorrhea showed that most female students had severe dysmenorrhea based on the WaLIDD Score table. As many as 80 (44.4%) female students felt that, at the time of dysmenorrhea, their activities were disrupted. 64 (35.6% ) female students felt pain in four locations during dysmenorrhea. 83 (46.1%) female students at the time of dysmenorrhea felt the intensity was excruciating. 71 (39.4%) of female students felt dysmenorrhea for 1-2 days. Adolescent and young adult women often experience severe dysmenorrhea. Female students stated that dysmenorrhea constantly interfered with work activities, and many had more than four locations of pain.
Keywords: Assessment, Dysmenorrhea, WaLIDD Score, Nursing Students
The Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) Exercise on Blood Pressure Reduction in Hypertensive Clients: A Literature Review
Authors: Ubaidillah Zaqqi , Ruhyanudin Faqih , Al Husna Chairul Huda , Purwanto Edi , Agustyaningsih Titik , Tri Rahayu Henik , Ika Nur Rahmah Anis , Intan Anggraeni Devilia
Published: July 2023

Compliance with taking antihypertensive drugs is low amongst patients with hypertension. Uncontrolled blood pressure causes heart disease, kidney failure, diabetes, and stroke. It is necessary to have alternative support in controlling blood pressure by using progressive muscle relaxation exercises. This study aimed to determine the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension. The research design used was a literature study with a sample size of 20 journals: Pubmed (n=2), Proquest (n=4), Science Direct (n=8) and Biomed Central (n=6). By using the keyword search data “Progressive Muscle Relaxation AND Blood Pressure AND Hypertension OR Hypertensive” and using analysis techniques with thematic analysis, 95% of the results of the study reported that there was a decrease in systolic and diastolic values in hypertensive patients before and after the progressive muscle relaxation intervention and 5% reported that there was no change. Progressive muscle relaxation is effective for lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients.
Keywords: Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Blood Pressure, Hypertension
Factors Affecting Coping Strategies in Post-Stroke Patients: A Literature Study
Authors: Ika Nur Rohmah Anis , Muslimah Marlianti , Ruhyanudin Faqih , Ari Arfianto M.
Published: July 2023

Strokes can cause disability and death. The disability experienced causes post-stroke stress syndrome, which results in maladaptive coping strategies. Coping strategies is important because it affects the patient’s outcome and recovery. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence coping strategies in post-stroke patients based on the results of a literature study. Journals from several databases such as Google Scholar (n=8), ProQuest (n=5), Science Direct (n=1), PubMed (n=1), and Springer Link (n=3) were selected. The data search used several keywords and conjunctions (AND and OR). Based on specified criteria such as journals within the last 5 years (2016-2020), in English, research articles, open access, and full text, post-stroke patient population, intervention, and comparison according to research methods, journal findings, and outcomes that discuss coping strategies. Journal findings were tested for quality using the adjusted JBI and analysed using thematic analysis. The results showed that several factors influenced coping strategies in post-stroke patients such as psychological (16%), social support (13%), self-ability (13%), sequelae (10%), spiritual (9%), stroke severity (9%), material (6%), dependence (6%), rehabilitation (6%), care (3%), gender (3%), lack of information (3%), and perception of disease (3%). Coping strategies for post-stroke patients that focus on problems and emotions.
Keywords: Post Stroke, Coping Strategies, Patient
Identifying the Use of Indonesian Nursing Diagnosis Standards In COVID-19 Patients In Malang Private Hospital
Authors: Wahyu Mashfufa Erma , Freeska Dwi Marta Ollyvia , . Nur Aini , Setyowati Lilis , Femmil Saputri Lizbeth , Djauhari Thontowi
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to determine the number and name of the diagnoses that often appear in COVID-19 patients in 2020-2022 at RIC-19, one of the private hospitals in Malang, as seen from medical records. The method used was a descriptive retrospective with a quantitative approach. This study used secondary data in the form of medical records of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in private hospitals in Malang from March 2020 to March 2022. The results found that there were eight nursing diagnoses including hyperthermia, ineffective airway clearance, impaired gas exchange, acute pain, diarrhoea, risk of ineffective cerebral perfusion, nausea, and risk of nutritional deficits. The nursing diagnoses that often appear in COVID-19 patients in private hospitals in Malang are the same as the results of the study according to Hidayati et al. (2022) which states that the nursing diagnosis “cleansing ineffective airway” is the most dominant. However, these results do not include the signs and symptoms of minor and major patients in detail. The findings above illustrate that the documentation of nursing care by nurses is still not optimal, not structured assessment of initial nursing performed by the nurse on duty affects the implementation of nursing care. This can be an input for hospitals to continue to improve quality in documenting nursing care in the future.
Keywords: Standard Indonesian Nursing Diagnosis; COVID-19; Nursing care
The Effect of Institutional Ownership, Family Ownership, and Thin Capitalization on Tax Avoidance
Authors: Tarmizi Achmad , Hikmah Perkasa Didin , Meliantari Dian , Annisa Wahdiawati Siti
Published: July 2023

Taxpaying companies in Indonesia aim to maximize profit to increase the company’s shares value so that more investors are interested in investing in the company. This practice causes companies to try to pay taxes to a minimum by carrying out tax management without violating tax laws. This study examines and analyzes the effect of institutional ownership, family ownership, and thin capitalization on tax avoidance. Data used were from the manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2021, using a purposive sampling technique. In the sample of this study, 6 companies met the criteria. This research uses the panel data regression analysis method which is a combination of time series and cross data to get more informative data. The table of the coefficient regression test result shows that the significant value for Institutional Ownership is 0.0295, <0.05 (alpha 5%) with a positive beta value in accordance with the hypothesis proposed in this study. Therefore, it can be stated that institutional ownership has a significant positive effect on tax avoidance at the 95% confidence level. The significant value for family ownership is 0.2213, >0.05 (alpha 5%) with a negative beta value and is not in accordance with the hypothesis proposed in this study. So, it can be stated that family ownership has no effect on avoidance. And, the significant value for thin capitalization is 0.0103, <0.05 (alpha 5%) with a positive beta value in accordance with the hypothesis proposed in this study. So, it can be stated that thin Capitalization has a significant positive effect on tax avoidance at the 95% confidence level. The F-statistic test was used to measure the accuracy of the sample regression function in estimating the actual value (goodness of fit). The F-test analyzes whether the independent variables are able to explain the dependent variable well or whether the model used is fit or not. The F-test in this study uses a significance level of 5%. From the table, it is known that the significant value is 0.005389 <0.05, which means that institutional ownership, family ownership, and thin capitalization simultaneously affect the dependent variable tax avoidance.
Keywords: tax avoidance, institutional ownership, family ownership, thin capitalization
The Factors that Influence the User Intention to Use SI APIK Application by UMKM in Kabupaten Garut Using UTAUT2 Model
Authors: Susilawati Wati , Adisti Tirania , Turipanam Alamanda Dini , Noura Athiya
Published: July 2023

A lack of knowledge about the correct procedures for financial recording in UMKM can cause the performance problem for a company. Thus, Bank Indonesia together with the Indonesian Accounting Association (IAI) created SI APIK (Sistem Informasi Aplikasi Pencatatan Informasi Keuangan) to help expand business capacity and access to capital for UMKM in Indonesia. This study analyzes the factors that influence the user intention to use the SI APIK application by UMKM in Kabupaten Garut using the UTAUT2 model. The framework is based on research from Eneizan et al. who stated that business expectations, social influences, performance expectations, hedonic motivation, facilitation conditions, price values, and habit variables affect behavioral intentions. The analytical method used in this study is a quantitative method with a descriptive method. Data were collected by questionnaires to 100 respondents using the accidental sampling technique. The collected data was then analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results of the study revealed that the variables of performance expectancy, price value, and habit have a positive and significant effect on behavioral intention. While the variables effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions have no significant effect on behavioral intention.
Keywords: behavioral intention, PLS-SEM, UTAUT2
Post-pandemic Adaptation: Impact and Challenges on Income Tax, Value Added Taxes, and Fiscal Policy
Authors: Irawadi Barus Irwan , Mareta Sigit , . Lestari , . Yolfiandri , Suryadi Edy
Published: July 2023

Covid-19 has impacted various industrial sectors and the decision-making of the Indonesian government. The government’s decision also has an impact on the global economy; therefore, tax recipients in Indonesia trading in goods and services nationally and internationally have decreased. This study aims to determine the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on tax revenues, as well as the need for fiscal incentives in the context of economic recovery. The method used in this study is a descriptive quantitative method using a secondary data analysis approach. Based on the results of the study, the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has caused a significant decrease in tax revenues, so that after the pandemic, fiscal incentives for income tax and value added tax are still needed to make it easier for business people to get additional economic capabilities that can be used to encourage economic turnover.
Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic, income tax, value added tax, fiscal policy
Dividend Policy: Analyzed from Stock Prices and Firm Size in Indonesia's Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Wufron Wufron , Silva Siti Parwati Neng , Alam Hamdani Nizar , Sri Utami Wulan
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of stock prices and firm size on dividend policy in manufacturing companies in Indonesia. In this quantitative researchinferential statistical analysis was used to test hypotheses. Based on certain criterias, purposive sampling technique was used. The data were taken from the company’s financial statements from 2018 to 2021. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis in order to test the research model and the influence between variables. The results showed that the stock price and firm size on dividend policy is a fit research model. Stock prices had a positive effect on dividend policy, whereas firm size had a negative effect on dividend policy. Stock prices had a significant effect on dividend policy,while firm size had a significant effect on dividend policy. The findings in this study showed that the assets of manufacturing companies in Indonesia during 2018 to 2021 experienced fluctuations, this will directly affect the welfare of investors. The importance of this research is to jointly maintain the existence of all manufacturing companies in Indonesia because companies engaged in the manufacturing sector are very influential in the economic sector.
Keywords: company size, dividend policy, manufacturing sector company, stock price
Digital Communication Management Government of the Republic of Indonesia for Inclusive and Sustainable Economic Recovery in Indonesia
Authors: . Saktisyahputra , Evitha Yuli , Novita Sari Sukarni , Suprayitno Degdo , Irrianda Jhulianfika
Published: July 2023

Since 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected not only Indonesia but also other countries in the world. The economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has been felt by the Indonesian people since the implementation of the large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) on March 15, 2020. Community activities are forced to be carried out through digital transformation in services, transactions, and work, for example, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. This research was conducted to determine the digital communication management planning, activities, and evaluation of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia in an inclusive and sustainable economic recovery in Indonesia. The objective of this research is the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. This study uses the method of Phenomenology of Edmund Husserl. Having the concept of phenomenology as a scientific method that does not start with doubt, direction, and the truth of an experience. Data were collected by means of observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques in this study use data reduction, data display, and verification of Miles and Huberman. Based on the data findings, data results, and discussions that the researchers have submitted, it can be concluded that the Government of the Republic of Indonesia has implemented Digital Communication Management both from planning, activities, and evaluation in inclusive and sustainable economic recovery through the importance of directed and coordinated digital communication planning through agenda setting and framing are well conceptualized. Digital communication planning of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia through the Ministry of Communication and Information of the Republic of Indonesia, the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy of the Republic of Indonesia and the Ministry of Cooperatives of MSMEs of the Republic of Indonesia has been going well with many trainings held so that there are many benefits for the community.
Keywords: management, communication, digital, government, indonesia, economy
Tax Compliance: Development of Artificial Intelligence on Tax Issues
Authors: Dwianika Agustine , Paramita Sofia Irma , Retnaningtyas Ika
Published: July 2023

The development of robotic technology, especially AI, is able to forecast and present statistical analysis for almost all purposes, including taxes. This study aims to explore the various breakthroughs presented that helped managers and policymakers determine alternatives to improve corporate tax compliance by the qualitative method. The results of this study showed that the implementation of AI has been adapted quite a lot, but it is still not enough, especially in measuring the right tax compliance model for the manufacturing industry, which is the largest tax contributor in Indonesia. AI is said to help managers make more complex judgments with simulated risks. Early detection of tax fraud, leakage of year-end tax shocks, and misuse of tax costs can be minimized by AI optimization. However, there is a discussion about this AI threat on the security aspect that needs to be understood, so that the AI optimization strategy in taxes can mitigate the level of tax audit risk. The recommendation for next study is the exploration of ultimate expectations of corporate tax compliance are apparent.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, development, tax issues, digitalization, manufacture
Empowering Change at the Grassroots: Community-Led Initiatives for Local Environmental Protection
Authors: Eslit Edgar
Published: July 2023

Community-led initiatives have emerged as powerful drivers of change in the realm of local environmental protection. This qualitative study, conducted in Acmac, Iligan City in 2020, delves into the motivations, strategies, challenges, and outcomes of community-led initiatives, shedding light on their transformative potential. Through interviews, participant observations, and document analysis, the study explores the themes of community empowerment, collaborative decision-making, environmental justice, sustainable practices, and policy advocacy. The findings reveal the significance of bottom-up approaches, emphasizing the role of community engagement in achieving environmental sustainability. The study contributes to the literature by filling gaps in understanding and providing insights into the dynamics and effectiveness of community-led initiatives. The implications of the findings extend beyond the local context, highlighting the need for inclusive environmental practices and policy frameworks. By fostering community empowerment and collaborative action, this research sets the stage for future research and the promotion of community-led initiatives worldwide.
Influence of Humidity and Temperature on Mechanical Properties of Corrugated Board – Numerical Investigation
Authors: Cornaggia Aram , Gajewski Tomasz , Knitter-Piątkowska Anna , Garbowski Tomasz
Published: July 2023

Paper is a material whose mechanical properties are highly dependent on humidity and temperature. Which naturally also builds the relationship between the stiffness and strength of corrugated board and changing weather conditions. In this paper, attention is focused on the dependence of the physical properties of the cardboard on changes in humidity and temperature, which undergo dynamic fluctuations both during the production of corrugated board and during its storage. Two techniques were used to test this effect, namely numerical homogenization and global sensitivity analysis. Both methods were implemented to determine the theoretical relationships between the change in humidity and/or temperature in each layer of corrugated board and its global bending, compression and shear stiffness. The procedure was used to analyze different types of 5-ply and 3-ply cardboard. The obtained results allowed to build a complete map of the relationship between the change in humidity of selected layers and the strength characteristics of the full assembly.
In vitro and in silico evaluation of the anti-amyloid and anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin and a V (IV) – curcumin complex in LPS-stimulated primary rat neurons-microglia mixed cultures
Authors: Katsipis Georgios , Lavrentiadou Sophia , Geromichalos George D. , Tsantarliotou Maria , Halevas Eleftherios , Litsardakis George , Pantazaki Anastasia A.
Published: July 2023

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria are mediators of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration that have been detected in close association with aggregations of brain amyloid beta (Aβ) and microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT). LPS induce the release of cytokines by microglia, the residing immune cells of the brain, and mediate the upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) – a mechanism associated with amyloidosis and MAPT destabilization. Curcumin is a natural product possessing several medicinal effects; however, its pharmaceutical exploitation is hindered by low bioavailability. V-Cur, a novel hemocompatible Vanadium (IV)-curcumin complex with higher solubility and pharmaceutical activity than curcumin, has been employed in the present study. Mixed cultures of primary rat brain neurons and microglia stimulated LPS presented increased levels of amyloid precursor protein (APP), an effect inhibited by either curcumin or V-Cur. V-Cur was also proved a more potent inhibitor of amyloid aggregation than curcumin, by both insulin aggregation assay and in silico studies. Cell stimulation with LPS increased full-length, inactivated, and total iNOS levels, and the inflammation markers IL-1β and TNF-α. Both curcumin and V-Cur alleviated these effects, with V-Cur reducing iNOS levels more than curcumin, whereas curcumin and V-Cur increased the MAPT levels in LPS-stimulated cells. Complementary insights into possible bioactivity mechanisms of both curcumin and V-Cur were provided by in silico molecular docking calculations on iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, Aβ1−42, APP and Aβ fibrils. This study renders curcumin-based compounds a promising anti-inflammatory intervention that may be proven a strong tool in the effort to mitigate neurodegenerative disease pathology and neuroinflammatory conditions.
Practice and Outcomes of Endotracheal Intubation in the Emergency Department at National Referral Hospital: An Experience from Bhutan
Authors: Tshering Ugyen , Wangdi Sherab , LeVine Shankar , Tenzin Karma , Choeda Tshering , Yeshi Sonam
Published: July 2023

Background:
Airway management is a critical skill required in the Emergency Department (ED). We conducted an observational airway registry-based study to report the practice and outcome of endotracheal intubations in the ED at a national hospital in Thimphu.
Methods:
All patients who were intubated in the ED and recorded on the registry data form between May 2020 to November 2022 were studied. Variables such as indications, type of physician performing intubations, success rate, complications, medications, and disposition were captured. Descriptive analysis was presented in frequency and proportions.
Results:
There were a total of 336 intubations during the study period.
First pass success rate was 87.80% and complication rate was 19.64%. 40 patients (11.90%) needed a second attempt and only 1 patient required a third attempt. Most intubations were performed by emergency medicine (EM) residents (54.17%), followed by medical officers (37.8%). Emergency Physician (EP) performed the least number of intubations, 27 (8.04%). 64.5% (n=217) patients received positive pressure ventilations during preoxygenation and 119 (35.42%) did not.
Conclusion:
Physicians working in the ED are the primary airway provider. First pass success rate was 87.80%. 40 patients (11.90%) needed a second attempt and only 1 patient required a third attempt.
B7-H6 promotes the killing activity of NK cells against cervical cancer through the downstream ERK pathway of NKp30
Authors: Guo Ruimeng , Chai Ou , Li Changying , Xu Yanying , Guo XueWang , Liu Xueying , Xu Yu
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE
As a ligand of NKp30, B7 homolog 6 (B7-H6) is involved in the immune regulation of various tumors. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of B7-H6 expressed in HeLa cells on NK cell killing function.
METHODS
The expression of B7H6 was changed in HeLa cells using short hairpin RNA. Furthermore the effect of B7-H6 on the killing function of NK cell was analyzed after cell co-culture. Flow cytometry was used to detect NKp30 expression, degranulation function, perforin (PFP) and Granzyme B (GZMB) secretion function of NK cells. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect interferon-γ (INF-γ) production function. The cytotoxicity of NK-92 cells was determined using the CytoTox 96 Non-Radio active Cytotoxicity Assay. Western blotting (WB) detection was used to detect the ERK phosphorylation level in NK cells.
RESULTS
When NK-92 cells co-cultivated with HeLa cells with different expression levels of B7-H6, the expression of NKp30, NK-92 cell killing rate, PFP and INF-γ production, and degranulation function were correspondingly changed in NK cells, but there is no effcet on GZMB production. After cell co-culture, ERK phosphorylation level in NK cells was increased gradually with the up-regulation of B7-H6 expression.
CONCLUSIONS
B7-H6 can enhance the killing function of NK cells to HeLa cells by activating the NKp30 downstream ERK signaling pathway.
A systematic assessment of Leishmania donovani infection in domestic and wild animal reservoir hosts of zoonotic Visceral Leishmaniasis
Authors: Pandey Ramendra Pati
Published: July 2023

Background
Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease with a global spread that affects both domestic and wild animals in addition to people. Leishmania donovani is the suspected anthroponotic cause of VL in India, where it is an endemic disease. The reservoir hosts play a crucial role in the life cycle of the Leishmania parasite. The complicated connection between the pathogen, vector, and reservoir exhibits geographical and temporal diversity. Human-to-human and, to a lesser extent, human-to-animal transmission is the principal mechanism for the maintenance of anthroponotic diseases.
Scope and approach
A deliberate, systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar using keywords such as "Leishmania donovani," "zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis," and "wild animal reservoir for leishmania donovani." 530 potentially significant references were obtained from these 507 were disallowed due to copy avoidance, irrelevant titles, research publications from nations other than India, or modified compositions. The remaining 20 investigations were later rejected because they did not meet the criteria for inclusion. Finally 3 research papers with 867 goats, 161 cattles, 106 chickens, 26 sheep, 3 buffaloes, 406 dogs and 309 rats were reported.
Conclusion
According to the review, goats are the epidemic's primary host and possible reservoir in several regions of India. In the endemic regions of the disease, some species of rodents along with the canines appear to be maintaining the L. donovani transmission cycle.
Parameterization of Educational Activities in an Educational Institution of Higher Education
Authors: Mosalev A. I.
Published: July 2023

Purpose of the study. The formulation of a program of educational work in universities is one of the most important in the framework of the formation of the personality of a graduate. However, the rules for the formation of such a program are framework and are based on the state strategy of educational activities, as well as in accordance with the profile of the educational institution itself. Such an «open» state of the formation of programs, of course, gives advantages in the freedom to choose the trajectories of educational work with students; however, it also leaves an imprint on the possibility of fully considering the interests of all aspects of the educational process. It is important to form a vision of how, what parameters will consider the opinion of not only the leadership of the educational institution, the teaching staff, but also the students themselves, as well as their parents.

Materials and methods. The basis for the study was the materials of the regulatory framework and theoretical articles in the field of educational activities. Emphasis was placed on a systematic analysis of the relationship of educational practices with an eye on the value orientations of today’s youth. In terms of developing proposals, the method of an online questionnaire survey of students, parents and legal guardians, teaching staff, faculty management, as well as representatives of departments in whose competence are issues of educational activities was used.

Results. Maps for assessing the parameters of educational work have been developed in the context of spiritual, moral, and socio-axiological parameters. Based on the analysis, it was possible to structure both the strengths of the educational practice of the university, as well as weaknesses that are important to pay attention to. As a result, the approach described in the article allows an educational institution, when forming its own program of educating students, determining the development trajectories of each student, to understand what problems and misunderstandings may arise in the system plan, and to determine for themselves what individual parameters of educational contexts are important to focus on.

Conclusion. The author is working on the systematization of the practices of the educational process through the systemic decomposition of the individual components of the programs of educational work with students at the university. Questions that require further research – what should be the indicative indexes and tools for measuring them, as well as the frequency of such work. Therefore, for example, it draws attention to what metrics will allow assessing the degree of development of internal feelings among students as will, justice, faith in goodness, etc.
Machine Learning for Prediction of Tuberculosis Detection: Case Study of Trained African Giant Pouched Rats (Preprint)
Authors: Jonathan Joan , Barakabitze Alcardo Alex , Fast Cynthia D , Cox Christophe
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND

Technological advancement has led to the growth and rapid increase of tuberculosis (TB) medical data generated from different health care areas, including diagnosis. Prioritizing better adoption and acceptance of innovative diagnostic technology to reduce the spread of TB significantly benefits developing countries. Trained TB-detection rats are used in Tanzania and Ethiopia for operational research to complement other TB diagnostic tools. This technology has increased new TB case detection owing to its speed, cost-effectiveness, and sensitivity.

OBJECTIVE

During the TB detection process, rats produce vast amounts of data, providing an opportunity to identify interesting patterns that influence TB detection performance. This study aimed to develop models that predict if the rat will hit (indicate the presence of TB within) the sample or not using machine learning (ML) techniques. The goal was to improve the diagnostic accuracy and performance of TB detection involving rats.

METHODS

APOPO (Anti-Persoonsmijnen Ontmijnende Product Ontwikkeling) Center in Morogoro provided data for this study from 2012 to 2019, and 366,441 observations were used to build predictive models using ML techniques, including decision tree, random forest, naïve Bayes, support vector machine, and k-nearest neighbor, by incorporating a variety of variables, such as the diagnostic results from partner health clinics using methods endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO).

RESULTS

The support vector machine technique yielded the highest accuracy of 83.39% for prediction compared to other ML techniques used. Furthermore, this study found that the inclusion of variables related to whether the sample contained TB or not increased the performance accuracy of the predictive model.

CONCLUSIONS

The inclusion of variables related to the diagnostic results of TB samples may improve the detection performance of the trained rats. The study results may be of importance to TB-detection rat trainers and TB decision-makers as the results may prompt them to take action to maintain the usefulness of the technology and increase the TB detection performance of trained rats.

CLINICALTRIAL
Crowding as a Reliable and Scalable Predictor of Social Distancing Compliance: Exploring the Benefits of Surveillance Footage and Computer Vision (Preprint)
Authors: Liebst Lasse Suonperä , Bernasco Wim , Ejbye-Ernst Peter , van Herwijnen Nigel , van der Veen Thomas , Koelma Dennis , Snoek Cees , Lindegaard Marie Rosenkrantz
Published: July 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Social distancing behavior has been a critical non-pharmaceutical measure for mitigating the COVID-19 pandemic. For this reason, there has been widespread interest in the factors determining social distancing violations, with a particular focus on individual-based factors. In this paper, we examine an alternative, less appreciated, and scalable indicator of social distancing violations, the “situational opportunity” for keeping interpersonal distance in crowded settings. Data were a large body of video clips of public places recorded by municipal surveillance cameras throughout the first year of the pandemic. Using a computer vision algorithm to automatically recognize pedestrian presence and behavior, we recorded social distancing violations of more than half a million individuals in more or less crowded street contexts. Results showed a close positive association between crowding and social distancing violations. This relationship indicates that potential transmission situations can be identified by simply counting the number of people present in a location. Our findings thus provide a tool for epidemiologist to easily incorporate real-life behavior in predictive models of airborne contagious diseases. Our findings, furthermore, suggest that scholars and public health agencies should appreciate the situational basis of social distancing violations afforded by people crowding in public settings.
The Role of Large Language Models in Medical Education: Applications and Implications (Preprint)
Authors: Safranek Conrad W , Sidamon-Eristoff Anne Elizabeth , Gilson Aidan , Chartash David
Published: July 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have sparked extensive discourse within the medical education community, spurring both excitement and apprehension. Written from the perspective of medical students, this editorial offers insights gleaned through immersive interactions with ChatGPT, contextualized by ongoing research into the imminent role of LLMs in health care. Three distinct positive use cases for ChatGPT were identified: facilitating differential diagnosis brainstorming, providing interactive practice cases, and aiding in multiple-choice question review. These use cases can effectively help students learn foundational medical knowledge during the preclinical curriculum while reinforcing the learning of core Entrustable Professional Activities. Simultaneously, we highlight key limitations of LLMs in medical education, including their insufficient ability to teach the integration of contextual and external information, comprehend sensory and nonverbal cues, cultivate rapport and interpersonal interaction, and align with overarching medical education and patient care goals. Through interacting with LLMs to augment learning during medical school, students can gain an understanding of their strengths and weaknesses. This understanding will be pivotal as we navigate a health care landscape increasingly intertwined with LLMs and artificial intelligence.
Maximal matching cover pebbling number for variants of hypercube
Authors: Sarah Surya S. , Mathew Lian
Published: July 2023

An edge pebbling move is defined as the removal of two pebbles from one edge and placing one on the adjacent edge. The maximal matching cover pebbling number, fmmcp(G), of a graph G, is the minimum number of pebbles that must be placed on E(G), such that after a sequence of pebbling moves the set of edges with pebbles forms a maximal matching regardless of the initial configuration. In this paper, we find the maximal matching cover pebbling number for variants of hypercube.
Development of The Solution Focused Brief Counseling (SFBC) to Improve The Autonomy of Vocational School Students
Authors: Swandevi Ni Kadek Ayumi , Suranata Kadek , Dharsana I Ketut
Published: July 2023

This study was aimed to know the procedure of implementing a solution focused brief counseling to improve student autonomy and to study and validating the contents of guidebook for a solution focused brief counseling model. This type of research is research and development (R&D), the research model using Four-D (4D). The Four-D model consists of four stage of research that is defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. Data analysis to test the validity of the manual book content using the Lawshe CVR and CVI formulas. Tests carried out by 5 experts who are competent in Counseling and Psychological Guidance. The results of the research based on validity analysis of the content are, the CVR values per item obtained between +1 to 0 (CVR> 0). Furthermore, the results of the Lawshe CVI analysis obtained a score of 0.97 greater than 0 (0.97> 0). Based on the analysis of these data, the validity value of the manual book content is high.
Physiotherapy for pain, jaw mobility, and oral health-related quality of life in patient with trismus following radiation therapy for jaw cancer: A case report
Authors: Wani Surendra , Burnwal Shreshthi Pramod , Mungikar Sanket , Garg Kapil , Katage Goutami
Published: July 2023

Background:

Trismus is a painful condition that restricts the temporomandibular joint range of motion (ROM) causing difficulty in eating, chewing, speaking, etc., affecting the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL). It often presents as a complication during pre-malignancy stage or after oral cancer treatment. Its prevalence is between 28% and 79%, and it is 8 times more common in edentulous patients.

Case Presentation:

The 57-year-old male complained of continuous tongue and jaw pain with difficulty in chewing, eating, and speaking 1 year before and gradually developed small ulcers over the right jaw. After complete investigation, the patient was diagnosed with jaw cancer and underwent radiotherapy for 2 months. This patient came with complaints of pain, difficulty in mouth opening to physiotherapy department, 3 months following radiotherapy, diagnosed as a case of trismus. A comprehensive physiotherapy protocol including LASER, mobilization, Myofascial release, active exercises for the period of 4 weeks was given. Outcomes for pain, jaw mobility, and OHRQOL were evaluated at baseline and 4 weeks.

Conclusion:

Four weeks of comprehensive physiotherapy protocol was found effective in reducing pain and improving jaw mobility and OHRQOL in patients with trismus following radiation therapy.
Staffing of monitoring studies of functional literacy of rural schoolchildren
Authors: Ефремова-Шершукова Н. А. , Приступа Т.Ю. , Цыренова В.Б.
Published: July 2023

В статье описывается проблема формирования проектирования и реализации мониторинга функциональной грамотности в системе российского образования, систематизированы ведущие способы его реализации; обоснована система кадрового обеспечения данного процесса. Указывается, что процесс подготовки кадров должен осуществляться в практико-ориентированной форме средствами внутриорганизационной инновационной деятельности и внешней, поддерживаемой со стороны региональных научно-методических центров, организаций высшего и дополнительного профессионального образования. Только в этом случае совместная деятельность по подготовке педагогических кадров будет продуктивной, позволит педагогическому коллективу создать собственную систему мониторинга функциональной грамотности сельских школьников.

The article describes the problem of designing and implementing the monitoring of functional literacy in the system of Russian education, systematizing the leading methods for its implementation; substantiated the system of staffing of this process. It is indicated that the process of personnel training should be carried out in a practice-oriented form by means of intra-organizational innovation and external, supported by regional scientific and methodological centers, organizations of higher and additional professional education. Only in this case, joint activities in the training of teaching staff will be productive, will allow the teaching staff to create their own system for monitoring the functional literacy of rural schoolchildren.