bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Several Considerations on Improving Management of Environmental Performances of County and Municipal Party and Government Leaders - Take Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone as an Example
Authors: Zhou Jing Kun
Published: December 2011

This paper thinks that the reasons for ineffective management of environmental performances of Party and government leaders of the county and municipality in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone are that the leaders lack concept of sustainable development, have unclear understanding of purpose of performance evaluation, do not want to discover shortcomings, the evaluation subjects have serious thought of officialdom standard and deeply rooted thought of ruling by people, and the evaluation information is hard to collect and performance management guarantee system is incomplete; this paper provides measures including improving understanding of importance of performance management of county and municipal leaders in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone, constructing diversified evaluation subjects for environmental performances of the leaders, making evaluation indicators in a scientific way, using evaluation results comprehensively, improving basic guarantee system of performance management and cultivating nice performance management culture.
The Effects of Rolling Process on Microstructures of High Nb X70 Grade Pipeline Steel
Authors: Ye Xiao Yu , Zhang Kai Hua , Zuo Jun
Published: December 2011

In Gleele-3500 thermal simulation test machine, conduct thermal simulation experiment for high niobium X70 grade pipeline steel at different heating temperature, deformation temperature, deformation extent, cooling rate and coiling temperature. Analysis that the microstructure was influenced by different heating temperature and rolling process. The results showed that, For high niobium X70 grade pipeline steel, controlled heating temperature was1200±20°C, using HTP process, in large cooling rate range all can get the uniform acicular ferrite microstructures.
Effects of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria on the Corrosion of Q235
Authors: Li Fu Shao , An Mao Zhong , Duan Dong Xia
Published: December 2011

Various corrosion media were prepared by dual-cells experimental setup, including fresh sterilized culture medium, culture medium with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), and culture medium containing only SRB metabolites. Corrosion exposure tests of Q235 carbon steel were conducted in these media, and effects of SRB on the corrosion behavior of Q235 were studied by electrochemical methods and surface analyses. As the results, Q235 was uniformly corroded in the fresh sterilized culture medium in a mode of active dissolution; in the culture medium of SRB, Q235 was protected by the iron sulfides layer to some extent in the early stage of exposure, but severely localized corrosion subsequently occurred resulting from the localized breakdown of iron sulfides layer in presence of SRB and SRB biofilm; while in the culture medium containing only SRB metabolites, Q235 was well protected over the whole exposure period, suggesting that a uniform and stable layer of iron sulfides was formed in this medium.
The Development of Nanosecond Pulse Power Supply of Electrochemical Micromachining
Authors: Wang He Bin , Guo Zhong Ning , Luo Hong Ping , Liang Jin Fei , Han Zi Ping
Published: December 2011

This paper makes some research on designing and manufacturing a nanosecond pulse power supply of electrochemical micromachining, including DC power supply, waveform generation circuit, rectifier and filter circuit，power amplification and rapid protection circuit. This power supply can generate 5MHz maximum frequency and square wave of 100ns pulse width, stably. The voltage ranges from 0V to 10V, and duty ratio ranges from 0.1 to 0.5, continuously.
Analysis of Iron in Copper, Copper Oxide and Copper Nitrate by Solid-Phase Extraction ICP-AES Method
Authors: Chen Lu , Gong Qi , Wei Xiao Ling , Hou Qian
Published: December 2011

The reasearch shows that when the mass ratio of copper to iron is equal or greater than 100, the influence of copper on the determination of trace iron can not be ignored. To eliminate the interference, the polypropylene radical strong base anion ion exchange fiber was taken as the solid phase extraction solvent. Extraction and separation of trace iron (Ⅲ) from solution copper (Ⅱ) by the extraction solvent was studied. The extraction conditions including of adsorption and elution were optimized. The strong base anion ion exchange fiber was put into the analysis solution with the medium of 6mol/L HCl. After adsorption 1h by vibration on the oscillator, adsorptive iron(Ⅲ) was eluted with the 1mol/L HCl. The concentration of iron (Ⅲ) in the eluate solution was mesured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The results showed that the residual Cu (Ⅱ) in the eluate solution did not affected the accurate determination of iron. The iron in metal copper, copper oxide and copper nitrate were separated and determinated, and the RSDs(n=3) were between 2.3% and 4.2%, the recoveries were between 96% and 103%, the detection limit of the method was 0.011μg/mL.
Experimental Investigation on the Heat Transfer Characteristics of Nanofluids in Self-Exciting Mode Oscillating-Flow Heat Pipe
Authors: Shang Fu Min , Liu Jian Hong , Liu Deng Ying
Published: December 2011

The objective of this article is to provide the heat transfer characteristics of Cu-H2O nanofluids in self-exciting mode oscillating-flow heat pipe under different laser heating input, and to compare with the heat transfer characteristics of the same heat pipe with distilled water as working fluids. In this paper, the peculiarity of heat transfer rate of the SEMOS heat pipe with Cu-H2O fluid has been experimentally confirmed by changing the proportion of working fluid and Cu nanoscale particles in the heat pipe. As the results, it has been confirmed that the parameter of filling rate of working fluid determine the heat transfer rate of SEMOS heat pipe, although under certain condition heat transfer performance could be improved because of the addition of nanofluids.
Flow Patterns of Oil/Water Two-Phase Upflows in a Small Vertical Tube
Authors: Zhao Zhen Ying , Wang Jia Hao , Min Hai Yan , Yang Li Min , Yang Ji He
Published: December 2011

The flow patterns of oil/water two-phase upward flows in a small vertical tube with an internal diameter of 0.010 m were investigated by high speed video system. Using stainless steel tube as test section, transparent plastic tube as observing section and deionized water and kerosene (density of 796kg/m3) as working fluids, 5 flow patterns, i.e., annular, churn, slug, bubble and dispersed droplets, were observed under the experimental conditions. The transition boundaries of these flow patterns were compared with the literature and theoretical models of Taitel et al [1] for gas-liquid upward flows. There are some differences of the transition boundaries between the present study and the literature of either gas-liquid or liquid-liquid systems. The theoretical models of Taitel et al can well predict the transition boundaries from annular to churn and from churn to bubble.
Investigation on the Transport Characteristics of Typical Biological Slender Particles in a Pilot-Scale Rotary Dryer
Authors: Zhu Wen Kui , Li Bin , Yu Chuan Fang , Chen Liang Yuan
Published: December 2011

The transport characteristics of cut tobacco as a typical biological wet slender particle were investigated in a pilot-scale rotary cylinder. Effect of solids and gas flow rate, moisture content of particles and rotating speed of cylinder was analyzed. The adaptability of the classical Friedman model for predicting average residence time of these type particles was also investigated. The result shows that the gas flow rate, moisture content of particles as well as rotating speed of cylinder have a significant influence on the axis transport velocity and forward step per cycle of cut tobacco in rotary cylinder. It’s difficult for Friedman model to accurately describe influence of gas flow rate and moisture content on transport of cut tobacco, which was associated with the particle characterize and influence of moisture content on the fluidity of particles.
Study on Corrosion Process of Lead Alloy Anode in Plating Solution of Tin Free Steel
Authors: Li Jian Zhong , Wang Yu Cheng , Tian Yan Wen , Li Ying , Sun Xiu Li
Published: December 2011

Plating solution of tin free steel (TFS) composes of Cr ions and F ions, which have a characteristic of strong corrosion. The weight loss/gain of the specimens immersed in the test solution was measured by using the electro-balance, to evaluate the erosion of the lead alloy in the corrosive solutions. The results show that lead alloy anode is eroded obviously by F- ions solution, and corrosion rates are constant throughout the examined time. The F- ions concentration have an insignificantly effect on corrosion rate. Corrosion product of anode materials in Cr6+ ions solution is partly deposited on anode materials surface, others might be dissolved into plating solution. This is leading to weight of anode materials remaining almost constant. But the weight of lead alloy anode firstly increases and decreases, then increases using the mixed solution of F- ions and Cr6+ ions as corrosive solution. Corrosion structure variation of lead alloy anode is investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD). XRD results indicate that corrosion product structure is different using different ions solution as corrosive solution.
Defectivity Reduction in the Silicon Tough Polishing with Polyamine and Nonions Surfactant Additives
Authors: Sun Ming , Tan Bai Mei , Niu Xin Huan , Wang Juan , He Yan Gang , Liu Yu Ling , Wang Na , Gao Bao Hong
Published: December 2011

The effects of the polyamine chelating agent and nonions surfactant additive on the surface defectivity reduction in the final polishing of the mono silicon wafers were investigated using high-purity nano colloidal silica based organic alkaline slurry. Experimental results reveal that the chemical enhanced silicon final polishing slurry containing FA/O polyamine chelating agent and FA/O nonions surfactant changed the chemistry character of silicon surface, can realize the chemical uniform etch the surface areas with defects and defect-free area, deeply lower the surface microroughness of silicon polished wafer, achieving defect-free with perfect quality of flat mirror-surface.
Study on Flow Friction Experimental Characteristics in Narrow Annuli
Authors: Sun Yue Qiu , Yan Shao Feng , Gao Qi Mei
Published: December 2011

Fluid friction characteristics were experimented and studied on four group narrow annuli with the gap size ranging from 0.50 mm to 2.5 mm which are composed of copper tube and PVC pipe, and distilled water used as working fluid in the experiment. The experimental results show comparing with circular pipe, the narrow annuli advance the Reynolds number from the laminar to the rapids and friction factor goes down with decrease of the gap size. It w as found that the critical gap size of the conventional annuli size and the narrow annuli approximately is 2.5 mm, friction factor increased with the increase of the gap size when the gap is smaller than 2.5 mm.
Photodegradation of Pentachlorophenol Using NiO-Coupled NiTiO3 Nanocomposites from Layered Precursor as Photocatalysts
Authors: Gao Zhi Yue , Zhang Hui
Published: December 2011

NiO-coupled NiTiO3 nanocomposites have been synthesized by calcining a precursor dodecylbenzensulfonate (DBS) modified Ni-Ti LDH (DBS-Ni5Ti) and characterized by XRD, ICP, TG/DTA, SEM and DRS methods. The results show that the photocatalytic activity is gradually enhanced with increasing calcination temperatures, consistent with the marked increase in the content of NiTiO3 phase. The pentachlorophenol (PCP) degradation percentage over DBS-Ni5Ti-800 is up to 66%. The NiTiO3 phase in the nanocomposites may act as a major one of the photocatalytic active phases in the degradation of PCP under UV-light irradiation.
Effects of Preparation Technology on the Microstructure and Thermal Conductivity of Cu-11Ni-2W Alloy
Authors: Lu Bai Ping , Liu Can Cheng , Xu Hui
Published: December 2011

Cu-11Ni-2W alloys have been prepared by vacuum non-consumable arc-melting and high-frequency induction melting injection moulding. The effects of melting processes on the resultant microstructure were studied. The results show that the grain of Cu-11Ni-2W alloy prepared by vacuum non-consumable arc-melting is coarse and the microstructure includes α solid solution and W particles. As for the sample prepared by high-frequency induction melting injection moulding, the grain is superfine and the microstructure is α solid solution. Moreover, the thermal conductivity coefficient for the sample prepared by vacuum non-consumable arc-melting is 67.2 W/(m•K), while that for high-frequency induction melting injection moulding is 47.8 W/(m•K). The melting point of Cu-11Ni-2W alloy prepared by vacuum non-consumable arc-melting is 1157.27°C.
pH Sensitive Polysulfone Membranes Prepared by Homogeneous Photo-Initiated Graft Copolymerization
Authors: Hua He Lin , Zhang Jun Chao , Li Na , Wei Li An
Published: December 2011

The copolymers of polysulfone-graft-acrylic (PSF-g-PAAc) acid were synthesized by homogeneous photo-initiated graft copolymerization method. Variable affecting the degree of grafting (DG), such as the ultraviolet irradiation time, and the concentrations of the acrylic acid monomer and photoinitiator, were investigated. The graft copolymers were characterized by chemical titration, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. It is verified that acrylic acid groups were present on the polysulfone polymer. Then, membranes were prepared from the PSF-g-PAAc powder with different DG using phase inversion method. It is found that the flux properties of the membranes were dependent on the pH value of the aqueous solution.
Investigation on Preparation and Performance of Self-Assembly Nanofiltration Based on the Coordination
Authors: Su Bao Wei , Han Shan Shan
Published: December 2011

Layer-by-layer self-assembly technology has been widely used and developed recently. However, most assembly was directly carried out using polyamions and polycations which is simply based on electrostatic force. In this work, a coordination multilayer with PS ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as substrate was explored by the alternate deposition of a transition-metal-containing polyelectrolyte and a ligand-containing polymer via the formation of complexes. Desalination experiments showed that for single salt solution filtration, the prepared metal-ligand-coordinated multilayer membrane has a 85% rejection of Na2SO4 and a solution flux of 60 L/m2h at 1.0MPa, while the rejection of NaCl was only 20% and the solution flux was about 85 L/m2h at the same pressure. Continuous test indicated that the performance of the membrane is basically unchanged during the two weeks, so the prepared membrane has excellent stability and resistance to swelling.
Recovery Technology of Zinc from Hydrometallurgical Zinc Residues
Authors: Zhang Ya Li , Yu Xian Jin , Guo Xiao Na , Li Xiao Bin
Published: December 2011

In this work, it was aimed to select and propose a feasible as well as an applicable method, or series of methods for the extraction of zinc. After determination of the components of the residue, water leaching, acid leaching and roasting-leaching were performed to reclaim Zn. Roasting-leaching was found to be effectively for Zn extraction by controlling acid mass, roasting duration and temperature as parameters. At the optimum conditions, 0.7 times the amount of H2SO4 at 250 °C for 150 min in roasting, 82.05% of initial Zn content was extracted.
Particle Velocity Distribution in a Novel Draft Tube-Lifted Gassolid Air Loop Reactor
Authors: Shen Zhi Yuan , Yang Li Jun , Liu Meng Xi , Lu Chun Xi , Liu Xiao Na
Published: December 2011

The hydrodynamics in a gas-solid draft tube-lifted air-loop reactor (GSALR) was investigated systematically using experimental measurements. To demonstrate the gas-solid flow pattern, the upward particle velocity, downward particle velocity and time-averaged particle velocity in four regions of the GSALR were measured by optical fiber probe under different superficial gas velocities. The experimental results show that the downward particle velocity distributes uniformly along the radius in the four regions, but the radial distributions of upward particle velocity and time-averaged particle velocity are core-annulus or heterogeneous structure in the three regions (distributor affect region, draft tube, gas-solid diffluence region), which have the common feature of aggregative fluidization occurred in normal fluidized beds. The operating condition such as superficial gas velocity in draft tube has different effects on the radial distributions of upward particle velocity, downward particle velocity and time-averaged particle velocity in each region. Analysis of the distributions of upward particle velocity, downward particle velocity and time-averaged particle velocity leads to suggestions regarding optimization of the design and provides further theoretical basis for industry application of GSALR.
Study on the Evaporation of Histidine-Water System
Authors: Han Yuan Yuan , Weng Lian Jin , Geng Di , Yang Xin
Published: December 2011

The evaporation rate of histidine-water system was measured and the influence of pressure, temperature, His concentration, pH value of solution and the existence of NH4Cl salt was investigated. The results showed that operating pressure and temperature have significant influence on evaporation rate. Increasing vacuum and temperature could increase the rate. In contrast, the rate value was insensitive to the change of concentration of His, solution pH value and the existence of NH4Cl salt at the operating pressure and temperature. In connection with the operating conditions, properties of the research system and evaporation vessel geometry factors, a new mass transfer coefficient model, based on the dimensional analysis of experimental data, was proposed with relative error of ±10%. Check results showed that agreement between model predictions and experimental data is quite reasonable. The results obtained appear to be used to predict evaporation rate of histidine-water system for industrial reference.
Resin: A Kind of Novel Material Used for Oxidative Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel
Authors: Luo Ying Wei , Li Chun Hu , Zhu Jian Peng , Wang Liang
Published: December 2011

The author chose five kinds of commercial resins for blank experiment and then added oxidants.We studied that how removal rate changed under different temperature and picked the D001-cc as the best supporter in desulfurization procedure. And heteropolyacid was supported onto D001-cc with different loadings,the results showed 30% was the optimal condition.
Development and Application of Shotcreting Castable for Steel Ladle
Authors: Qin Yan , Liu Guo Tao , Tong Ze Ming , Chen Yong
Published: December 2011

The article mainly introduct the development and application of shotcreting castable for metallurgical steel ladle. The shotcreting castable mainly use tabular alumina, white fused corundum, fused spinel, aluminate cement, alumina micro powder, fused magnesium as raw material, After studied by the workability and physical properties of gunning machine, it is proved by application in steel ladle, the shotcreting castable has a good workability, with higher adhesive rate, faster hardening speed, better thermal shock resistance and stronger erosion resistance ability. So the shotcreting castable has a higher service life.
Deep Oxidative Desulfurization of Model Fuel with H2O2 Catalyzed by Ce-Mo/SiO2 Catalysts
Authors: Wang Ning , Wang Guang Hui , Qiu Jiang Hua , Li Qi Na , Zhang Yu Qin , Zhang Qi Gang , Bao Yun Cheng , Zeng Dan Lin
Published: December 2011

The catalysts of HPMo/SiO2 modified with Ce3+ were prepared by the sol-gel method. The catalysts were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM and pore structure parameters and evaluated for the oxidative desulfurization of model fuel using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. Results showed that the catalysts kept the Keggin structures and the introduction of CeCl3 promoted the high dispersion of MoO3 over SiO2 and increased the specific surface area of the catalysts. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the desulfurization rate for dibenzothiophene (DBT) and benzothiophene (BT) achieved 98.9% and 43.4%, respectively.
Research on Properties of Recycled Fine Aggregate from Waste Recycled Aggregates Concrete
Authors: Zhu Ping Hua , Wang Xin Jie , Feng Jin Cai
Published: December 2011

The properties of recycled fine aggregate(RFA) from waste recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) were determined. In this study, five series of parental concrete mixtures using natural coarse and fine aggregates were prepared, which had the same target slump value from 35mm to 50mm and different compressive strengths ranging from 25MPa to 60 MPa. These concretes were used as recycled aggregates to prepare RACs with a compressive target strength of 30MPa. After that, these RACs were used as secondly recycled aggregates to produce RACs with the same compressive target strength of 30MPa. The physical properties of RFAs including apparent density, compacted bulk density and water absorption were tested. At the same time, fineness modulus of natural fine aggregates and RAFs were calculated and their mineral compositions were analyzed. The results showed that RAFs from waste RACs were not adequate to structural concrete alone because they belonged to coarse tape and their mineral compositions were adverse to the best growth of strength of RACs.
One-Pot Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Mg (II) Complex Material with 5-Bromosalicylaldehyde- 4,4’-Diaminodiphenylamine
Authors: Wang Li Hua
Published: December 2011

Using 5-bromosalicylaldehyde, 4, 4’-Diaminodiphenylamine and MgCl2•6H2O as starting materials, a new Mg (II) complex material was synthesized. This method is a convenient and efficient way to the synthesis of Mg (II) complex materials. The luminescent properties of the Mg (II) complex material were studied in solid state and in organic solvents. The effect of organic solvents and three carboxylate derivatives on the luminescent properties are also investigated. The results show that the Mg (II) complex material emits light green fluorescence 550 nm when excited at 328 nm at room temperature.
Theoretical Study on the Mechanism of NH + HCNO Reaction
Authors: Niu Xiao Di , Sun Can Can , Tang Jing Long , Wang Hong Su
Published: December 2011

DFT B3LYP calculations with the 6-311G(d, p) basis set were carried out to explore the mechanism of the NH (X3Σ-) + HCNO reaction. On the basis of calculated reaction paths, the three reaction channels are predicted to occur via the following reaction steps. The NH radical initially attacks C atom of the HCNO radical, leading to an intermediate HC(NH)NO (a1), followed by formation of a bond between the H atom of NH (X3Σ-) radical and the N atom of HCNO, leading to the formation of product HNO + HCN. In addition to the H atom of NH (X3Σ-) radical migration in the intermediate HC(NH)NO (a1), the H atom migration from C atom to N atom leads to an intermediate HN(H)CNO (b), followed by rupture of H2N－CNO bond, leading to the products NH2 + CNO. The NH radical initially attacks N atom of the HCNO radical, leading to an intermediate HCN(NH)O (a3), followed by formation of the products CH2O + N2, through the intermediates d1, d2, d3, d4, e1, e2 and f. The CCSD(T)/ 6-311G(d,p) energetic results indicated that the total barrier of product 1, product 2 and product 3 is 32.8 kcal/mol, 89.5 kcal/mol, 40.0 kcal/mol, respectively. It is shown that P1(CH2O + N2), P3 (HCN + HNO) are the major product channels with a minor contribution from P2 (NH2 + CNO).
Preparation of Cross-Linked Sodium Hyaluronate Gels with Different Molecular Weights of PEG and Research for its Viscoelasticity and Enzyme-Resistant Properties In Vitro
Authors: Wang Wei Guo , Cui Yu Jia , Li Peng , Zhao Yong Liang , Gu Ya Nan , Wan Jia Li
Published: December 2011

Abstract: Purpose To screen out the optimal conditions of cross-linking reaction of preparing for an injectable cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gel(CHA-gel) with higher resistance to hyaluronidase and research for its viscoelasticity and anti-enzyme degradation properties. Methods The CHA hydrogels were prepared with different molecular weights of PEG as cross-linking agent, such as PEG400, PEG1000, PEG6000, PEG10000, PEG20000. The optimal preparing conditions were determined by single factor test and orthogonal experiment. The Enzyme-resistant degradation properties in vitro of CHA-gels were analysed by carbazole and spectrophotometry. Its viscoelasticity was also compared with natural HA-gel by Stabinger method. Results the results of range analysis and variance analysis show that the pH of CHA solution and the ratio of cross-linking agent to HA were significant factors. The optimal preparing conditions of the parameters are 1.5% of HA, 0.001mol/L NaOH, at 37°C, reacting 4hr and 1:15 PEG20000/HA (g/g). Under these conditions, the CHA-gel has excellent Enzyme-resistant properties, R=85.1%, an high percentage of enzyme-resistant property. Its viscoelasticity can reach 61.3×104mPa.s, three times as much as natural HA-gel. Conclusion The CHA-gel with excellent physicochemical properties can be prepared under the optimal conditions, which can set foundation for developing better mechanical and Enzyme-resistant properties products of CHA-gel.
Finite Element Simulations of Working Characteristics of Solid Expandable Tubular Threaded Joint
Authors: Zhang Jian Bing , Jia Ying Lin , Lv Xiang Hong
Published: December 2011

The performance of solid expandable tubular threaded joint is affected by complicated factors such as material property change, large deformation of geometric dimension and residual stress. Given material nonlinearity, geometrical nonlinearity and contact nonlinearity in the operational process of solid expandable tubular threaded joint, MSC/Marc software was adopted in this paper to conduct simulation study on the sealing property of the threaded joint during expansion and joint strength of the threaded joint after expansion. It was recognized that the solid expandable tubular threaded joint should adopt hook-shaped thread with a negative angle for the bearing surface, the sealing property of metal-to-metal cone seal would decline after expansion of the joint, and the solid expandable tubular threaded joint ought to adopt the rubber-seal-orientated sealing form. Furthermore, it was also found out that the internal thread and the root of the external thread were the vulnerable parts of the solid expandable tubular threaded joint, and the joint would first break down and cease to be effective on these parts under excessive tensile load.
Zinc Removing from Aluminum Alloy by Vacuum Distillation
Authors: Wei Qin Shuai , Yang Bin , Li Yi Fu , Dai Yong Nian
Published: December 2011

This paper summarizes the fundamental regularities and characteristics of vacuum distillation of aluminum alloy. It includes the vapor pressure values of aluminum alloy, the possibility and extent of distilling separation of the alloy, the proper temperature and time of distillation. With the temperature higher than 750°C，the distillation time longer than 30min，the content of zinc in the residue can be less than 0.3%．In this paper, the use of vacuum distillation resolved the difficulties of removing zinc from aluminum alloy, which is friendly to the environment and will not cause secondary pollution.. The theoretical analyses are in correspondence with the experimental data closely.
An Approach to Sustainable Homes by Applying Control Science
Authors: Fujihira Kazutoshi
Published: December 2011

This study shows a Two-Step method for smooth design of control systems for sustainable homes. First, we select important elements of the standard home on the basis of two factors, material and space, and determine the relationship between these elements and sustainable development. Next, we demonstrate the second step, a sustainability checkup on a home as an object. The results of the sustainability checkup can smoothly identify necessary system components and help to design control laws, which confirms the effectiveness of this method.
The Design and Implementation Based on Embedded Tcp/Ip with CAN Protocol Conversion System
Authors: Yan Lian Long , Xu Sheng Hua
Published: December 2011

This paper first analyzed embedded protocol converter system, then the system involved in the TCP/IP data structure ,data reporting format and frame format of CAN protocol was designed, protocol conversion was achieved by defining network interface data structure.
Research of Intelligent Multi-Role Collaborative Virtual Surgery Simulation Training System Based on TCP / IP
Authors: Liu Yan Fei , Jiang Xiao Yu , Shen Feng Ting
Published: December 2011

The paper researchs on the TCP/IP based Multi-Role virtual surgery simulation training system, which is an intelligent surgery simulation training platform .It make a comprehensive application of visual simulation technology, force feedback technology and Human-Computer interaction technology. Visual simulation technology includes virtual reality, artificial intelligence and dynamic modeling. The use of the TCP/IP interfaces expands the number of user and realizes Multi-Roles collaborative in the same virtual simulation surgery training.
The Application of Lock-in Amplifier in Weak Signal Detection
Authors: Zhang Jia Tian , Liu Gang
Published: December 2011

The paper introduces the lock-in amplifier, the basic concept of weak signal detection, and analyzes its application in weak electric signal detection.The results show that: lock-in amplifier has a very strong resistance to noise. Compared to band-pass filter, the output signal is not amplify input signal, but amplify the AC signal and turn it into DC signal.
A Study Using a Risc Core for 100 Gbps Ethernet Network Interfaces
Authors: Elbeshti M , Dixon M
Published: December 2011

The performance of the current and the next generation server applications such as E-Commerce, Storage and Web server that employ TCP/IP and UDP/IP as the communication protocol of choice depends upon the efficiency of the Protocol Stack Processing within this node. As the speed of networks exceeds one GBPS, the design and implementation of high-performance Network Interfaces (NI) for servers become very challenging. It is observed that using programmable NI with a general purpose processing core to offload some of the TCP/IP or UDP/IP protocol functions can deliver some important features which include scalability, short development times and reduced costs. In this paper, we proposes a new NI-programmable based model that support the Large Segment Offload (LSO) for sending side and a novel technique called Receiving Side Amalgamating (RSA) for receiving side and which is used for incoming packets. The core engine assigned to handle these functions is single specialized embedded processors utilizing RISC cores in each side. As a result, a 240 MHz RISC core can be used in Ethernet Network Interface ENI card for wide range of transmission line speed up to 100 Gbps. These results are based on the use of a specialized RISC core that we developed and simulated. Also, the author has discussed some of the design issues that are related to RISC core based NI and the data movement type.
Study of Cellular Adhesion by Means of Micropillar Surface Topologies
Authors: Boccafoschi Francesca , Rasponi Marco , Mosca Cecilia , Bocchi Erica , Vesentini Simone
Published: December 2011

It is well-known that cellular behavior can be guided by chemical signals and physical interactions at the cell-substrate interface. The patterns that cells encounter in their natural environment include nanometer-to-micrometer-sized topographies comprising extracellular matrix, proteins, and adjacent cells. Whether cells transduce substrate rigidity at the microscopic scale (for example, sensing the rigidity between adhesion sites) or the nanoscopic scale remains an open question. Here we report that micromolded elastomeric micropost arrays can decouple substrate rigidity from adhesive and surface properties. Arrays of poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microposts from microfabricated silicon masters have been fabricated. To control substrate rigidity they present the same post heights but different surface area and spacing between posts. The main advantage of micropost arrays over other surface modification solutions (i.e. hydrogels) is that measured subcellular traction forces could be attributed directly to focal adhesions. This would allow to map traction forces to individual focal adhesions and spatially quantify subcellular distributions of focal-adhesion area, traction force and focal-adhesion stress. Moreover, different adhesion intracellular pathways could be used by the cells to differentiate toward a proliferative or a contractile cellular phenotype, for instance. This particular application is advantageous for vascular tissue engineering applications, where mimicking as close as possible the vessels dynamics should be a step forward in this research field.
The Role of Collagen Type I on Hematopoietic and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expansion and Differentiation
Authors: Çelebi Betül , Pineault Nicolas , Mantovani D.
Published: December 2011

The three dimensional scaffold of the bone marrow (BM) niches is composed of various elements including extracellular matrix proteins and cell types, such as collagen type I (Col I) and stroma cells. Interaction of stem cells with their microenvironment is important for their regulation. In the marrow, Col I is mostly localized in the endosteal regions. The objective of this work was to investigate the role of Col I in the regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSC) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) growth. Col I was extracted from rat tail tendons and its purity confirmed. Human BM MSCs and umbilical cord blood (UCB) CD34+cells were used as Stem Cell sources. MSCs were cultured in medium with serum while CB CD34+cells were cultured without serum with cytokines. The impact of increasing concentrations of Col I (0-50 µg mL-1for coating) on the growth of Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells (HPC) and MSCs was investigated by cytometry, microscopy and clonogenic progenitor assays. Only a minority of CD34+cells expressed the Col I receptor α2β1prior to culture, while the opposite was observed when hematopoietic cells were placed in culture. Col I coated surfaces reduced the expansion of hematopoietic cells by 25% compared to control, while expansions of myeloid and MK progenitors were either unchanged or negatively affected by Col I, respectively. The differentiation of HPCs was also affected on Col I as demonstrated by differences in the frequencies of various cell lineages, such as CD34+cells, megakaryocytes (MK), erythrocytes and others. In contrast to HPCs, Col I surfaces increased MSCs proliferation but had little impact on osteoblasts derived from MSCs. Taken together, this study provides new insights into the regulatory activities of Col I on Stem Cells residing in the marrow.
Influence of Post Weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir-Welded 2014Al-T6 Alloy
Authors: Zhang Z. , Xiao B.L. , Ma Zong Yi
Published: December 2011

5 mm thick 2014Al-T6 alloy plates were friction stir welded at the welding speeds of 100-400 mm/min and the rotation rates of 400-800 rpm. The influence of post weld artificial aging and T6 treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of FSW 2014Al-T6 joints were investigated. It was found that artificial aging did not alter the grain structure but T6 heat treatment caused the abnormal grain growth at the nugget zone. The tensile strength of the joints could not be enhanced by the artificial aging treatment but were improved by the T6 treatment. The effectiveness of T6 treatment is related with the distribution of “S” line.
Grain Boundary Embrittlement of Fe Induced by P Segregation: First-Principles Tensile Tests
Authors: Yuasa Motohiro , Mabuchi Mamoru
Published: December 2011

The GB embrittlement mechanism of Fe enhanced by P segregation has been investigated by first-principles tensile tests because a P atom is a famous GB embrittler in Fe. The first-principles tensile tests have been performed on Fe with two P-segregated GBs, where P atoms are located at the different sites, and with a nonsegregated GB. The tensile strength and the strain to failure in the P-segregated GBs were lower than those in the nonsegegated GB. The first bond breaking occurred at the Fe-P bond owing to the covalent-like characteristics, although the charge densities were high at the Fe-P bonds even just before the bond breaking. This premature bond breaking of Fe-P was independent of the location of the P atom.
Disclosing the Mechanical Properties of Green Calcium-Silicate-Hydrates by Statistical Nanoindentation Techniques
Authors: Sorelli Luca , Vallée Daniel , Alizadeh Aali R. , Beaudoin James , Randall Nicholas
Published: December 2011

In order to reduce CO2emissions, the cement industry has developed a new class cements. The Calcium-Silicate-Hydrates (CSH) that form are generally characterized by a low stoichiometric ratio for CaO and SiO2. This low C/S ratio affects the C-S-H layer structure and has a significant effect on the mechanical properties. This work exploits a novel statistical nanoindentation technique (SNT) to study the effect of the C/S ratio on the mechanical properties of synthetic CSH. Different CSH types were prepared by varying the C/S ratio of the starting materials. After undertaking a grid nanoindentation approach for each sample, the statistical analysis allowed extracting the mechanical properties, such as elastic modulus, hardness and creep. The results of this preliminary work shed new light on the implications of C-S-H stoichiometry on mechanical properties.
Interfacial Bonding in a Nanoclay/Polymer Composite
Authors: Chan Mo Lin , Lau Kin Tak , Wong Tsun Tat
Published: December 2011

In this study, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was conducted to analyze the chemical composition between epoxy matrix and nanocomposite. This experiment revealed that a chemical bonding at an interface between the matrix and nanoclay of the composites did exist. Thus, such bonding can enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of resultant polymer composites as reported in many literatures.
Comparative Study to Analyze the Effect of Tempering during Cryogenic Treatment of Tungsten Carbide Tools in Turning
Authors: Kalsi Nirmal S. , Sehgal Rakesh , Sharma Vishal S.
Published: December 2011

Cryogenic treatment of cutting tool material has been reported improving properties of the materials, resulting improved performance. Tungsten carbide is most accepted and widespread cutting tool material in the industry. Cryogenically treatment of tungsten carbide has shown favorable results. However, still much is unknown about the treatment for improvement in properties of the materials, to make the process identical to the existing conventional heat-treatment process in implementation. Importance of tempering during cryogenic treatment has also been reported, however hardly we find any documentation regarding the effect of the number of tempering cycles during cryogenic treatment. This work is based upon to know the effect of the number of tempering cycles during cryogenic treatment of tungsten carbide tool material. Comparison study was done for untreated and cryogenically treated tungsten carbide inserts following variable number of tempering cycles during the treatment, in turning process. The performance was evaluated in terms of tool wear, power consumption and surface roughness achieved. Cryogenically treated inserts have shown favorable results. At low cutting conditions, performance was better and has not got affected by the number of tempering cycles whereas the number of tempering cycles during cryogenic treatment does effects at high cutting conditions, and two or three tempering cycles has shown better results.
Properties of SnO-B2O3-SiO2 Lead-Free Glass Powder
Authors: Zhu Hua , Gan Guo You , Yan Ji Kang , Du Jin Hong , Yi Jian Hong , Zhang Jia Min , Zhang Dai Bing
Published: December 2011

SnO-B2O3-SiO2 glass powders, in which the different contents of SnO and B2O3 were 35% ~ 70%wt and 26% ~ 61% wt respectively, were prepared through high-temperature melting, water quenching and Ball milling. XRD showed that the performance of forming glass was very good and the range of extension was very wide. The effect of the contents of SnO and B2O3 on Tg, acidoresistant and density of prepared glass was studied. IR showed that it generates the heavy metal oxide generated glass. The density of glass powder decrease with increase of B2O3 content, but increase with increasing SnO content. SnO-B2O3-SiO2 glass had excellent chemical stability. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) shown that, with increasing SnO content, glass transition temperature first lower and then decreased.
Preparation and Photoluminescence of In2O3 Nanofibers by Electrospinning
Authors: Hu Ya Wei , He Hui Rong , Ma Yang Min
Published: December 2011

Ultra-thin fibers of indium oxide (In2O3) were prepared by sol-gel processing and the electrospinning technique using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and indium nitrate as precursors. The fibers were characterized by the thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and room temperature photoluminescence spectra. It was observed that the In2O3 nanofibers exhibited photoluminescence peaks centered at 526 and 590 nm, corresponding to the defeat-related deep-level emission.
Effect of Applied Voltage on the Electrokinetic Removal of Chromium from Soils
Authors: Meng Fan Sheng , Wang Ye Yao , Leng Ling Li , Wang Ju Ling
Published: December 2011

Electrokinetic remediation, variably named as electrochemical soil processing, electromigration, ectrokinetic decontamination or electroreclamation, uses electric currents to extract radionuclides, heavy metals, certain organic compounds, or mixed inorganic species and some organic wastes from soils and slurries. This paper presents the experimental study on the effect of applied voltage on the electrokinetic removal of the chromium from kaolin at laboratory scale. Potassium dichromate was chosen as the pollutant and its initial concentration was 100 mg·kg-1 and 500mg·kg-1, the moisture content of samples is 50%. The experiments were operated 48 hours and the pH of cathode was control at 4-7 with of acetic acid. And a series of voltages were applied. The results indicate the removal efficiencies increase with the increase of applies voltage, when the voltage is 1V/cm, the efficiencies increase significantly, the efficiency reach up to 76.7% and 89.8% of two studied samples. The electric energy consumptions also increase significantly due to the increase of applied voltage. The experiment data show 1-1.5V/cm is cost effective voltage range for the soils studied.
Cement-Based Solidification/Stabilization of High Concentration Chromium-Contaminated Soil
Authors: Yang Wei , Wang Li'ao , Tan Wen Hua , Chen Da Yong , Li Jia Xiang
Published: December 2011

In this paper, contaminated soil collected from chromium waste landfill has been investigated, and the cement-based solidification/stabilization (S/S) of the chromium-contaminated soil was also discussed by single-factor and orthogonal experiments. The cement can effectively solidify Cr in soil, and this can be classified into three stages: slow improvement, accelerated improvement, and technically stable limit. It is technically and economically feasible when the proportion of cement is 30%–40%. Cr (VI) dissolution can be further reduced through adding up appropriate stabilizer in the cement briquette. The results of orthogonal experiments indicate that cement proportion is the most important factor of Cr S/S, then the ratio of stabilizer, and the kind of stabilizer is the least important. In analyzing the factors of cement-based S/S of the polluted soil, the optimum parameters are as follows: the ratio of cement to soil is 35% and that of FeSO4 (stabilizer) is 2.5%. Moreover, the ultimate leaching concentration of Cr (VI) is 0.89 mg/l and curing rate is 98.27%.
Corrosion Behavior of CrN/AlSiN Multilayer Coatings on AISI 304 Stainless Steel in Aluminum Alloy Melt
Authors: Ho Wei Yu , Tsai Chia Hang , Hsu Cheng Hsun , Ho Woei Yun
Published: December 2011

In recent years, advances in coating deposition technologies have led to the development of nano-structured coating materials with unique properties. Among the many systems, Cr-Al-Si-N coatings have a variety of interesting properties such as the superhardness (~40 GPa), thermal stability with high-temperature oxidation resistance. These coatings were characterized as nanocomposites consisting of nanocrystalline CrN or CrAlN embedded in amorphous Si3N4 matrix. Nevertheless extensive discussion has been focused on the mechanical and thermal properties of Cr-Al-Si-N coating, the corrosion resistance at higher temperature is not reported yet. Therefore, the main target of this study is to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the CrN/AlSiN multilayer coating which was synthesized by cathodic arc deposition with Cr and Al88Si12 dual cathodes. The as-deposited coating was following conducted with heat treatment in nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature of 400 oC, 600 oC and 800 oC for 1 hour, respectively. Microstructure of the heated films is analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscope, X-ray diffractometer and scanning electron microscopy. The corrosion resistance of the heated CrN/AlSiN coatings was studied by dipping in the aluminum alloy melt for 3 hours. The results turned out that the better corrosion resistance of CrN/AlSiN multilayer coated stainless steel was obtained by post deposition annealing treatment in nitrogen at 400 oC and 600 oC if compared to that of the other samples.
Mechanism and Effect of Electrochemical Modification on Physicochemical Soft Rock
Authors: Li Jian Sheng , Wang Dong , Kang Guan Xian , Kang Tian He
Published: December 2011

Two mechanisms about electrochemical modification of clay minerals are summarized: one of electroosmotic dewatering and stabilization and the other of cation substitutions, structures and properties change, forming new minerals. The analyses of physicochemical soft rock (PCSR) indicate that physicochemical property of PCSR is dominated by physicochemical property of clay minerals. Therefore, it is possible to indurate PCSR in the coal-mine soft rock roadway with the electrochemical method.
A Modified Method of Life Analysis Based on Unascertained Theory
Authors: Chu Zhu Li , Yang Zi Chun , Liang Jie , Peng Mao Lin , Zhou Zong He
Published: December 2011

Against data dispersion processing of electronic component life, this paper introduced the unascertained theory to eliminate variable data, which avoid the missing and distortion of information, and we can get more accurately data through small sample. By choosing different neighborhood radius to control the final results this method improved the anti-interference ability of the data variation, and optimized the stability of the data.
Numerical Simulation of Thixo-Diecasting Al6061 Alloy Automobile Part
Authors: Shang Shu Zhen , Wang Jiao Jiao , Lu Gui Min , Zhang Wan Ning , Tang Xiao Ling
Published: December 2011

Parameters of Bingham model had been verified according to the thermal simulation compression tests of semi-solid 6061 aluminum and the equations presented by Stefan. The effects of the mold filling temperature of semi-solid slurry of 6061 aluminum during thixo-diecasting were analyzed. The results showed that such conditions of the mold filling temperature about 625°C, the injection speed changing to 2 m/s from 0.4 m/s when 60% of die cavity had been filled, were ideal to gain solidification in sequence and beneficial to get fully filled semi-solid parts with clear contour. The thixo-diecasting experiments were performed under above optimized conditions.