bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DNA barcoding reveals threatened and protected elasmobranchs in Tanzanian fish markets
Authors: Rumisha Cyrus , Simwanza Rehema J. , Nehemia Alex , Mdegela Robinson H. , Kochzius Marc
Published: August 2023

Western Indian Ocean countries have banned elasmobranch finning and enacted legislation to protect endangered elasmobranchs, however finned and morphologically deformed specimens are still landed and traded on Tanzanian fish markets. Such specimens are difficult to identify morphologically, and it is possible that protected elasmobranchs are among these. This study used DNA barcoding to uncover protected elasmobranchs in 102 specimens traded on Tanzanian fish markets. The sampled specimens revealed 23 elasmobranch species, 12 of which (52.1 %) were classified as endangered (EN) or critically endangered (CR) on the IUCN Red List. Three of the identified species (great hammerhead Sphyrna mokarran, oceanic whitetip shark Carcharhinus longimanus, and pelagic thresher Alopias pelagicus) are protected by Tanzanian laws. Hence, it is advised that steps be taken to strengthen law enforcement at landing sites and fish markets in the country. Furthermore, the Third Schedule of Fisheries (Amendment) Regulations of 2009 should be updated to include 11 EN and CR elasmobranchs that are not on the list. Additionally, national and regional elasmobranch conservation plans should be developed to prevent the exploitation of endangered elasmobranchs.
The Effectiveness of Wet Cupping Complementary Therapy to Decrease Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients at Kolaka
Authors: Jeni Lusiana , Tahiruddin Tahiruddin , Rosjidi Cholic Harun
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Cupping is one of the complementary therapies that can reduce blood pressure in people with hypertension. Wet cupping therapy is a cupping process by making a fine incision or stabbing to remove dirty blood in the epidermal capillaries and plays a role in controlling vasodilation so that blood pressure can decrease. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of complementary wet cupping therapy on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients at the Pomaala Public Health Center, Kolaka Regency. This study is a quantitative study, with a quasi-experimental design with a "pre-post test design" without a control group which was carried out in June to July 2022. The population in this study was carried out at the Pomalaa Health Center, Kolaka Regency with a total of 25 people. The statistical test method uses 2 different test models, namely the t test for systole and the Wilcoxon for diastole due to the normality test with the results of systole >0.05 and diastole <0.05. The results showed that pre-post obtained p value 0.001< 0.05, on diastolic blood pressure obtained p value 0.001< 0.05 indicating that Ha was accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that there is an effectiveness of complementary wet cupping therapy on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients. blood at the Pomalaa Health Center.
The Impact of Written Feedback in Geometry Problem Solving through a Gallery Walk
Authors: Santos Catarina , Barbosa Ana
Published: August 2023

Traditionally, students experience difficulties solving problems involving geometric shapes and their properties. In line with the current curricular guidelines, it’s important to reflect about the use of active learning strategies, which directly engage students in meaningful mathematical activity, that contribute to reverse this situation. This paper refers to a study that aims to understand the influence of peer written feedback on students' performance in a Gallery Walk context, in the scope of problem solving involving areas of plane figures. We followed a qualitative, interpretative approach and collected data in a 5th grade class, with 19 students, through participant observation, a questionnaire, interviews, written productions and photographic records. Results show that, when the sender of feedback is a student, different types of feedback are used, however not all of them promote the improvement of the receiver’s performance. It was noticed that the most effective feedback is focused mainly on the emerging mathematical content, commenting on the student's performance in terms of task solution, process and results. It was also found that the feedback must be clear and simple so that the receiver clearly understands what the sender wants to convey.
21st-century Skills as Predictors of Pre-Service Teachers' Professional Qualifications: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Yurt Eyüp
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to determine the impact of teacher candidates' 21st-century skills on their professional competence by controlling for gender, grade level, and income status. 380 teacher candidates from different classes and departments were selected to participate in the study. The data obtained using the Multidimensional 21st-Century Skills and Professional Competence Scales were analyzed using the structural equation modeling method. The results indicate that teacher candidates' 21st-century skills positively affect their professional competence when controlling for gender, grade level, and income status. These findings highlight the importance of teacher candidates acquiring 21st-century skills such as using information technologies to create modern learning environments, critical thinking, problem-solving, entrepreneurship and innovation, social responsibility and leadership, and career awareness. It is concluded that teacher education programs should be redesigned to support teacher candidates in acquiring 21st-century skills and enhancing their professional competence
Health Education during the Pandemic: Physical Fitness Course Applications and Personal Physical Fitness Test (PPFT) in University Students
Authors: Kristiyandaru Advendi , Al Ardha Muchamad Arif , Ristanto Kolektus Oky , Nur Lutfi
Published: August 2023

The physical fitness course is a mandatory subject for undergraduate students at Universitas Negeri Surabaya, Indonesia. However, there is limited physical activity possibly performed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, conventional physical fitness tests and measurements could not be conducted in a conventional way. This study aimed to test the possibility of the Personal Physical Fitness Test (PPT) being implemented by college students who were enrolled in a physical fitness course. There were 1.639 college students aged 18 ± 0.81 years old who participated in this study. The independent physical fitness test was designed to represent several physical components i.e., standing board jump (lower body strength). Plank (core strength), push-ups (upper body strength), and one-minute skipping (cardiorespiratory). The data were in the normal distribution. Male students performed better than females in every test (p 0.05). Furthermore, the data were categorized on each test based on gender. The categories are excellent, good, fair, poor, and very poor. In a further study, the personal physical fitness test could be implemented in a larger sample size.
Analysis of Teachers' Research Competencies, Scientific Process Skills and the Level of Using Information and Communication Technologies
Authors: Katayev Yerdan , Saduakas Gulbanu , Nurzhanova Sazhila , Umirbekova Akerke , Ospankulov Yernar , Zokirova Sokhiba
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study is to examine the research and ICT competencies and scientific process skills of teachers in different branches in Kazakhstan and the relationship between these three variables. The sample of the study consists of 258 teachers working in different cities of Kazakhstan in the 2022-2023 academic year. Teacher Research Competence Scale, Scientific Process Skills Scale and Information and Communication Technologies Competence Scale were used as data collection tools. Arithmetic mean, unrelated sample t test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple linear regression analysis methods were used to analyze the data obtained. As a result of the research, it was determined that the participant teachers had moderate level of competencies in using research and information communication technologies and scientific process skills. Participant teachers' competencies in using research and information communication technologies and scientific process skills show significant differences according to their gender and branches. In particular, it was observed that teachers working in science and mathematics branches exhibited high research and ICT competencies and scientific process skills. Finally, significant relationships were observed between participant teachers' research and ICT competencies and scientific process skills. Scientific process skills were found to be the most important factor affecting teachers' research skills and competencies.
Impact of Low-Fidelity Simulation Based Learning in a Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy Module
Authors: Pegram Angela , Griffiths Carrie , Rice Kendra
Published: August 2023

To determine the impact of low-fidelity simulation (LFS) on the comprehension of 5 major cardiovascular diseases in a pharmacotherapy module. Study population included pharmacy students enrolled in the cardiovascular pharmacotherapy from 2020-2022. Baseline knowledge was obtained by comparing practice quiz answers to corresponding exam questions. Near the course end, answers from the LFS patient case involving the 5 diseases were compared to corresponding final exam questions. The percentage correct was compared to see if LFS has more impact than practice quizzes on exam grades. All groups showed approximately the same percentage correct exam questions from practice quizzes. LFS was superior to practice quizzes in percentage correct on exam questions in 4/5 disease states for the class enrolled in 2021. However, opposite results were shown for the class enrolled in 2022, with practice quizzes showing a larger improvement over the LFS activity on exam questions in all 5 disease states. Although data was mixed, the use of LFS is a viable addition to classroom learning in complicated pharmacotherapy courses. There is a paucity of literature published to date in the health sciences literature on the use of LFS; therefore, this adds to the body of evidence to support learning via simulation.
An Evaluation of Mathematical Models and Stability Analysis of Learning Based on Reaction Kinetics
Authors: Foss Mary , Liu Yucheng , Yarahmadian Shantia
Published: August 2023

Human cognition and consciousness are perhaps the most confounding mystery. Somehow it has a linkage to the process of learning and storage of short-term and long-term memory in the form of knowledge. This paper examines a brief background of early models in learning presented by Atkinson and Shriffrin (1965) and related stochastic models utilizing probability functions. Each of these learning models capture certain facets of the learning process but are ineffective in describing the physical basis in which learning occurs. For this reason, this paper explores analogous mathematical models based on reaction kinetics that have been shown to represent chemical reactions found in nature. Six learning models are presented of unitary, binary, reversible binary, reversible binary with mass action, and enzyme learning model reactions with and without decay. Preliminary analysis of time series plots, phase line diagrams, and phase plane plots were conducted to illustrate equilibrium conditions and stability of the models. Each model is examined in terms of its limitations in the philosophy and inability to capture certain elements that are understood about the learning process. Finally, this paper concludes that the feasibility of understanding behavior such as stability through the tools of applied mathematics and thereby illuminating certain layers of human cognition and learning is a useful tool in examining the suitability of a possible deterministic model that could describe the learning process. Further analysis with empirical data would validate the suitability of the presented models.
Probability-Based Two-Stage CNN for Pulmonary Embolism Detection in Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography
Authors: Yeh Jinn-Yi , Wu Sheng-You
Published: August 2023

Pulmonary embolism (PE) can impede the normal flow of blood, which can result in reduced oxygen levels in vital organs and be life-threatening. Therefore, early detection and treatment of PE can effectively reduce mortality. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the clearest and most immediate tool available for PE diagnosis. With an increase in the CTPA image quality and number of slices, physician fatigue associated with interpreting these images during the diagnostic process has also increased. Therefore, this study proposes a modified two-stage convolutional neural network-based approach to automatically detect areas suspected of containing PE in CTPA images to reduce the burden of diagnosis on doctors. The main functions for eliminating false positives include principal component analysis, enlarged feature map (EFM), and probability-based anchor point extraction (PAE). Experimental results showed that although EFM can slightly improve the accuracy for small-object detection, it significantly increases the time required for training. PAE can reduce the training time and slightly improve detection accuracy. But the simultaneous use of EFM and PAE can significantly increase sensitivity (10.57%) with an increase of only 29 min in the training time.
EEG Neuro-markers to Enhance BCI-based Stroke Patients Rehabilitation
Authors: Al-Qazzaz Noor Kamal , Aldoori Alaa A. , Buniya A.
Published: August 2023

Stroke is the second largest cause of death worldwide and one of the most common causes of disability. However, several approaches have been proposed to deal with stroke patient rehabilitation like robotic devices and virtual reality systems, researchers have found that the brain-computer interfaces (BCI) approaches can provide better results. In this study, the electroencephalography (EEG) dataset from post-stroke patients were investigated to identify the effects of the motor imagery (MI)-based BCI therapy by investigating sensorimotor areas using frequency and time-domain features and to select particular methods that help in enhancing the MI-based BCI systems for stroke patients using EEG signal processing. Therefore, to detect the imagined movements that are typically required within conventional rehabilitation therapy with good identification accuracies, the conventional filters and wavelet transform (WT) denoising technique was used in the first stage. Next, attributes from frequency and entropy domains were computed. Finally, support vector machine (SVM) classification techniques were utilized to test the motor imagery (MI)-based BCI rehabilitation. The results demonstrate the capability of the WT denoising technique together with the used features and SVM classifier to discriminate the tested classes of the left hand, right hand and foot MI-based BCI rehabilitation. This study will help medical doctors, clinicians, physicians and technicians to introduce a good rehabilitation program for post-stroke patients.
Development of an Educational Fuel Cell System for Mechanical Engineering Course
Authors: Khan Jorian X. , Biswas Mohammad , Awotwe Tabbi Wilberforce
Published: August 2023

Although there is growth in electrochemical system applications such as batteries and fuel cells to power land and air transportation and the current push for hydrogen technology, modeling and control design of thermal and power aspects of such systems is not commonly taught. To incorporate such content, an educational learning hardware system with software interface had been constructed to teach process dynamics and control in selected undergraduate mechanical engineering courses. Given a fuel cell is an energy conversion unit that uses chemical fuel to produce electricity without combustion, a set of student groups developed an educational laboratory system that ensured reliable and consistent power delivery from fuel cell as well as stable hydrogen production using cost-effective and off-the-shelf resources. A 100W Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) system was constructed through integration of hardware components, and user software interface like MATLAB for accessibility and ease of use in a laboratory course setting. The interface accessed remotely or face-to-face allowed for flow rate, pressure, and temperature measurements to be recorded for student analysis related to understanding of thermal and power performance and management of fuel cell and/or electrolyzer at different operating conditions. The system performed well based on initial testing by a pilot group of other students. It will be implemented in an upcoming course offering related to energy conversion and/or thermal fluid laboratory.
Detection of Streptococcus Mutans in Saliva Using PCR Technique
Authors: Bakiri Fjoralda , Xhetani Merita , Parllaku Brikena , Karaboja Sindi , Lika (Çekani) Mirela
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this paper was to detect Streptococcus mutans in saliva in a group of students of the Faculty of Natural Sciences through the PCR technique. The oral cavity is a dynamic environment that undergoes large and rapid fluctuations in pH, nutrient source and availability, oxygen tension, temperature, and osmolality. The ability of Streptococcus mutans to survive in such an environment is attributed to its ability to produce acids as well as glucans from carbohydrates, implicating it in the etiology and progression of dental caries. Detection of Streptococcus mutans using rapid, sensitive and specific methods is very important for early diagnosis and effective assessment of an individual's risk for dental caries. In this study, 30 students, aged 18-20, participated voluntarily, where the average age is 19.07 years, with a standard deviation of 0.57. From analyzing the saliva samples, we found that 86.7% (26/30), SE =0.033, 95%CI (83.7%-89.7%), of them were positive for S. mutans. From the analysis of the χ2 test to see the relationship between the variables taken in the study and the presence of S. mutans, we did not find reliable relationships. PCR, as a molecular biology method, proved to be quite efficient, sensitive and rapid for the detection of Streptococcus mutans from saliva.
Possible Warehouse Management Model According to Turkish Customs Regime Codes
Authors: Erdogdu Mehmet , Canitez Murat
Published: August 2023

Mankind has been in motion since its existence. The known history, dating back to 10,000 years ago, includes an adventure that started with hunter-gatherer and later became an agricultural society and settled-life after rehabilitating plants, and finally, today's lifestyle was formed with industrial and technological revolutions. In almost every step of this adventure, it is seen that human beings need to store the products they need in order to continue their life. After the hunter-gatherer living human beings catch their prey and gather the food they need, after the settled human beings harvest their products, and the human beings who buy the products they need today, they think about the future and feel the need for storage by nature. Just as individuals have storage needs at the micro level, businesses at the macro level want to keep various products such as raw materials, spare parts and intermediate products related to their business activities in their warehouses when needed, and they store certain product groups for this purpose. When we look at it today, it is seen that warehousing activities, which are a part of logistics processes as much as in-house warehouse activities, have an important place. Considering the product inventory costs, businesses want to buy the goods or products needed in the production process "on-time" by outsourcing the warehousing service, rather than keeping the goods or products they need within their own structure. At this point, it is seen that warehousing and warehousing activities as a part of the supply chain have gained more importance than ever, especially with the effect of technological developments in international trade. Warehouses and customs warehouses, which were seen as a cost element in both domestic and international logistics activities, respectively, today appear as economically effective structures that reduce shipment and customer order time cycles and most importantly provide value-added services. In short, we can see this pillar of logistics activities, which we encounter as a warehouse in domestic logistics activities and a customs warehouse in international logistics, as "the gear without moving that enables the machine to work all parts of a machine-like non-moving gear". In this study, after defining the warehouse, which is an important link of the supply chain, and focusing on its importance, the concept of warehouse used in international logistics will be explained and the effect of customs regime codes on the storage of goods in the customs warehouse will be explained
Rivalry and Group Member Behavior among Fans of Sport Teams and Theme Parks
Authors: Havard Cody T. , Baker Carissa , Wann Daniel L. , Grieve Frederick G. , Ryan Timothy D.
Published: August 2023

The current study investigated how group members react to favorite and rival brands among sport teams and theme parks. Specifically, fans of sport teams perceptions of favorite and rival brands were compared to that of theme park fans. Results showed that fans of sport teams reported more positivity toward their favorite brands and more negativity toward their rival brands than did fans of theme parks. Additionally, identifying as a fan of both a sport team and theme parks influenced more positive attitudes toward the favorite theme park brand. Finally, the current study places the group member behavior of theme park fans in the Hierarchy of Out-Group Derogation (HOD) and Out-group Derogation Spectrum (ODS) using the Group Behavior Composite (GBC, Havard, Grieve, Peetz, 2021). Implications for research and practice are discussed, along with future research avenues presented. A version of this study was presented at a previous conference, however with inaccurate data analysis. This presentation will focus on analysis using correct data points and the inclusion of the results in the HOD and ODS.
Enhancing Scientific Literacy of Lower Secondary Students through Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge Framework
Authors: Pratumsala Khuanshanok , Nuangchalerm Prasart
Published: August 2023

All students today attach a great deal of importance to having access to a technologically-enhanced education. As a result, teachers are pressured to integrate their teaching, material, and technological expertise into their classes. The TPACK framework was utilized to teach science in lower secondary schools as part of this action research. For this investigation, the most significant individuals were 19-year-old students from on school. As study methods, a test of scientific literacy, observations of behavior patterns, and eight TPAC lesson plans were utilized. During the first academic year of 2022, the spiraling action plan was implemented twice. Results indicated that TPACK played a significant role in increasing students' scientific literacy. The first cycle of instruction, the scientific literacy levels of students were high, and after the second cycle, they were very high. There is potential for TPACK implementation in contemporary schools, however, teachers will need to provide instructional materials that are appropriate for student learning and apply instructional approaches that are adapted to the individual academic pursuits of their students
Coping with A Year of Online Education in Lock-Down: Impact of Prolonged COVID-19 Stressors On Problematic Drinking in College Students
Authors: Barton Emily A. , Cital Magaly , Shortle Lillian , Goldey Katherine L.
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic brought about unprecedented stressors for college students. Early reports found the immediate onset of these stressors led to increased problematic drinking and psychological distress in university students. However, it has remained unclear what lasting effects the pandemic will have on drinking and coping mechanisms. The current study examined the impact of prolonged COVID-19 stressors on the drinking behavior of college students a year into the pandemic. College students (N = 377) completed an online survey in the spring of 2021 that assessed their drinking during the pandemic, coping styles, and level of stress on 8 COVID-19 specific stressors developed by the research team. Our results showed a large percentage of college students continued to report problematic and increased drinking a year into the pandemic. Stress concerning online education was the strongest predictor of increased drinking, problematic drinking, and using substances to cope. These results suggest that students may be sensitive to abrupt changes in learning modality, and many may turn to negative coping mechanisms. This is an important consideration for educators when making changes to their instructional plans and suggests helping students regain an internal locus of control concerning their academics could be beneficial.
Exploring the Contribution of the Steps of Progress (SPM) and Arc of Drama (ADM) Models in Developing Student Teachers' Adoption of Drama Education
Authors: Lähdesmäki Sirkku
Published: August 2023

Teacher training should promote the professional competence of student teachers to plan drama education. This study focuses on how designing a drama course based on the Steps of Progress (SPM) and Arc of Drama (ADM) models can promote the adoption of drama education as described by student teachers. Research data was collected from the synthesis of student teachers (N=39) who participated in the 2019 drama education course in adult teacher education. The research method is qualitative content analysis. The research question is how does SPM and ADM-based drama education contribute to student teachers' understanding of drama education practices? The results suggest that drama teaching based on the SPM and ADM design principles promotes the adoption of drama teaching by student teachers and that the models also develop an understanding of drama teaching design. The results support the perspective that SPM and ADM work in drama education planning by enabling grouping, cohesion, and the adoption of the drama methods themselves Furthermore, the role of the teacher as a designer and sensitive facilitator of drama education is essential as it is important to maintain interaction and the power of presence.
Building a Restorative Justice Diversion Program for Youth in Rural Areas
Authors: Stevenson Erin , Saulnier Stephanie
Published: August 2023

Restorative Justice (RJ) models of diversion from the criminal justice system have been used successfully with adults and youth charged with minor offenses. Professionally mediated RJ conferences bring together the offender and the person(s) harmed to discuss the impact of their actions and develop a plan to restore community safety and make amends. An RJ model aimed at diverting youth from the juvenile justice system for minor offenses has successfully worked in an urban region in Kentucky for over a decade. The same RJ model was piloted in a very rural region of the state.  The program goal was to decrease youth involvement in the criminal justice system and create positive change within the communities and families involved in youth-initiated crimes. Interestingly, the rural location of the RJ program has run into unique challenges not experienced in the urban area. This paper examines preliminary outcomes data. Differences in juvenile justice and community involvement approaches that need to be addressed when establishing an RJ program in a geographically rural area are highlighted. Suggestions for how to incorporate RJ diversion programs into rural communities are provided.
Implementation of 21st Century Skills in EFL Classroom: Perceptions of Lecturers and Students
Authors: Monib Wali Khan
Published: August 2023

Twenty-first century skills refer to a broad set of skills that are critically important in the educational system to meet the complex and rapid changes around the world. Of particular concern in the context of Afghanistan is the failure to produce graduates with the essential competencies necessary for success in the workplace. In education, incorporating these skills is important to meet the current and future demands of society. This study investigates Afghan lecturers’ and students’ perceptions toward the implementation of 21st century skills in EFL classrooms. Quantitative approach was used, whereby data were collected through questionnaires from 197 participants at three public universities in Afghanistan. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25 was used for descriptive and inferential analyses. The findings revealed that all of the eight 21st century skills were implemented to some degree in the EFL classrooms. In addition, the level of implementation varied between key skills, subcategories, and specific practices listed within each domain whereby none of the skills were fully and consistently incorporated into the classroom. The findings of this study will provide EFL lecturers and students, educationists, and curriculum developers with insights into implementing 21st century skills at tertiary level education.
Why Do You Engage with Brand on Instagram? Consumer Motivations for Engaging with Global Brands
Authors: Choi Jung Hwa , Kang Mihyun , Choi Tae Rang
Published: August 2023

The primary goal of this research is to provide the social and psychological motivational factors that lead consumers to engage with commercial brands on SNS. Specifically, this study addresses consumers’ motivations in terms of why they follow a brand’s account on Instagram, helping us to understand what specific motives and needs consumers have regarding their use of the Instagram platform. Within the theoretical framework of UG, this study found that individuals who follow Instagram brand accounts have seven social and psychological motives: Social Interaction, Brand Love, Affinity for Instagram, Brand Admiration, Entertainment, Decision Making, And Information that lead consumers to engage with commercial brands on Instagram. To further investigate the relationship between identified motives and consumer involvement in SNS brand accounts, Study 2 measured involvement outcome variables such as eWOM frequency, attitude toward brand, brand trust, brand satisfaction, pass along intention, and willingness to buy. The overall findings of this research point to the importance of applying social presence theory to understanding consumer behavior in the Instagram context. Brand account followers’ intrinsic motivations may reduce the psychological distance that they perceive between themselves and the brand they are following.
Investigation of Studies on Behavior Management in Special Education
Authors: Kizilkaya Hasan , Kocak Fatih , Erdogan Ibrahim
Published: August 2023

Problem behaviors negatively affect the lives of special education students in different ways. Individuals with special needs may exhibit problem behaviors such as aggression, harming themselves or others, and excessive hyperactivity in general. It can be said that intervening, taking precautions, and changing these behaviors in a positive way before the emergence of problem behaviors are of critical importance in facilitating these children’s lives. In this sense, the examination of postgraduate theses in the field of behavior management in special education is important in terms of describing the innovations, developments, current trends, and, if any, incomplete situations in the field of behavior management. Within the scope of the research, it is aimed to examine the studies on behavior management in the field of special education in Turkey between the years 2016-2022 in terms of various variables (type of publication, publication year, publishing university, research method, subject, study group). Document analysis, one of the qualitative research methods, was preferred in this study. According to the research findings, it was concluded that most master studies were done as postgraduate publications, the most publications were made in 2019, the university that made the most publications was Eskişehir Anadolu University and the most used research method in the studies carried out was the quantitative research method. It has been revealed that it is important for other universities to design behavior management studies in special education.
What Coping Strategies do Parents of Children with Autism use to Cope with Stress?
Authors: Karnas Mustafa
Published: August 2023

Parents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have higher levels of stress compared to parents of children with other disabilities and parents of typically developing children. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the prevalence of ASD in U.S. children increased from 1 in 150 in 2000 to 1 in 54 in 2016, which means that for every 1 out of 54 children, there might be at least one parent who is facing higher levels of stress. Parents use some coping strategies to manage their stress. Studies that have investigated the association between stress levels of parents and their coping strategies have often grouped coping strategies together and have not examined them individually. This study surveyed 144 parents to investigate the association between stress levels of parents and the individual coping strategies they use. The Parental Stress Index-Short Form-fourth edition (PSI-4-SF) and the adapted Brief COPE inventory were used to gather the data. Descriptive statistics and the chi-square test of independence were employed for the analysis of the data. Results of the study indicated that there was a statistically significant association between parental stress and six coping strategies including behavioral disengagement, self-blame, humor, venting, instrumental support, and denial.
Examination the Opinions of Pre-Service Teachers on the Concept of Creativity
Authors: Er Zübeyde
Published: August 2023

This study aims to examine the opinions of the pre-service teachers, who are studying in the department of mathematics, on creativity and the concept of mathematical creativity. The study group of the study consisted of 32 pre-service teachers studying in the 4th grade in the department of mathematics teaching in a province located in the southern region of Turkey in the 2022-2023 academic year. In this study, qualitative research method was used. In the study, semi-structured interview technique, one of the qualitative data collection techniques, was used. Content analysis technique was employed to analyze the data obtained from the interviews. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained in the research, pre-service teachers stated that creativity is a different and original way of thinking, it is a case of adding a new one on top of the existing situation, and mathematical creativity is the ability to produce different and new solutions. In addition, the opinions of pre-service teachers about the characteristics that should be in a creative teacher are gathered in two themes as professional and personal characteristics. In addition, it was concluded that the majority of the opinions of the pre-service teachers about their self-sufficient and inadequate situations in terms of creativity considered themselves at a sufficient level in this regard.
The Effects of Shared Reading Approach on Improving Students’ Comprehension
Authors: Altamimi Moza Obaid , Ogdol Robin
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to research the significance of using shared reading approach on improving KG students’ reading comprehension. The research was implemented with five students from KG2 who attend government kindergarten in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. The research followed a mixed methods research design, considering both quantitative and qualitative data. A reading comprehension rubric and cloze test were used as quantitative data collection tools to masseur the students’ comprehension progress. An observation note was considered to observe students’ interaction while implementing the shared reading approach and recorded the occurrences of behaviors. A rating scale were utilized to further explore the students’ interactions. Additionally, an interview investigated English teachers’ perspectives about the shared reading and their outlook on its significant and strategies. Graphs were used to compare students’ progress. The findings showed a significant growth in students’ comprehension abilities. Results from reading comprehension rubric and cloze tests exhibited a substantial increase in comprehension. Observation notes and rating scale results showcased a positive improvement in students’ interaction skills. Implications from this study indicate the positive effects of using the shared reading approach to improve the students’ comprehension. Therefore, it is encouraged to further explore the impact of this approach on students with autism spectrum disorders (ASDS), and the students’ fluency skills
The Relationship between Perceived Autonomy and Work Burnout amongst EFL Teachers
Authors: Alamoudi Khadija
Published: August 2023

This research investigates the level of work autonomy and work burnout perceived by EFL teachers. It also examines the relationship between autonomy and burnout in the context of EFL teaching. The study participants were 158 EFL teachers from four Saudi universities. To measure teachers’ perceived autonomy and work burnout, two questionnaires were administered to the teachers. The results indicate that EFL teachers’ perceived method autonomy is high, while both scheduling and criteria autonomy are medium. In addition, EFL teachers’ emotional exhaustion and depersonalization are found to be low, whereas personal accomplishment is high. A negative relationship between autonomy and burnout is also found according to the results of the study. The perception of having high or moderate levels of autonomy is connected to lower rates of burnout. According to the results, the autonomy of teachers can be seen as a particular personality trait of EFL teachers that helps mitigate burnout. The findings of this research may be beneficial for language teachers as it can increase their understanding of their own autonomy, burnout at work, and how to enhance these areas based on the suggestions provided.
Insights to Improve Online Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Sessions on Biorefineries: A Case Study for University Students in Spain
Authors: Nogales-Delgado Sergio , Roman Suero Silvia , Encinar Martín Jose María
Published: August 2023

The implementation of educational programs that tackle specific contents and promote English skills is convenient, especially in areas where English skills are not properly developed at universities, such as Spain. Indeed, some subjects are currently presented in English for this purpose. CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), where students learn English as a part of specific subject goals of their degree, could be a suitable way to improve English skills while acquiring the corresponding competences. Moreover, online lessons are becoming important, especially during the COVID-19 outbreak, when it was an alternative for face-to-face teaching. The aim of this work was the implementation of an online CLIL course about biorefineries for chemistry, chemical engineering, and mechanical industrial engineering students. The course was a first approach presented as a specialization course that could be merged with related subjects in the future. The main objective of this session was the gradual introduction of English grammar and vocabulary (specific terms) and the promotion of students’ participation on oral discussions. The results were successful, showing that the students got motivated and obtained good grades. As possible improvements, the introduction of terms should be less continuous, otherwise the students could lose track of the lesson.
Upper Secondary School Students’ Experiences of How Exercise Breaks Affect their Well-being and Ability to Study: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Fred Niina , Mikkonen Kristina , Pramila-Savukoski Sari , Hylkilä Krista , Kuivila Heli-Maria
Published: August 2023

School exhaustion among upper secondary school students has increased at an alarming rate in recent years. There is evidence that this exhaustion affects students’ ability to study, and that students experience their studies as burdensome. Distance learning has further weakened students’ ability to study. This study aimed to describe upper secondary students' experiences of how exercise breaks affect their studying and well-being. The data were collected through thematic interviews with 15 first-year upper secondary students in the spring of 2021. The data were analyzed by inductive content analysis. The results indicate that exercise breaks positively influenced students’ subjective experiences of their studying ability and well-being. This insight could be relevant to planning secondary education, teacher training, and school health care, along with the development of services to support well-being among upper secondary students.
Ethnography in Early Childhood Education and Care
Authors: Köngäs Mirja , Määttä Kaarina
Published: August 2023

Childhood research is increasingly being conducted from different disciplines, and research methods for showing the child's world are also increasing and evolving. This article examines the challenges and opportunities of childhood research in an early childhood education and care (ECEC) environment from an ethnographic approach. The purpose of the article is to create a vision of what ECEC ethnography is, which can be used to make visible the culture of an under-school-age child, his or her experience, feelings, voice, and actions. A key challenge in ECEC ethnography is that the researcher is a representative of adult culture, emphasizing the need for reflexivity. We highlight five key themes for the researcher: the acquisition of material, the degree of researcher participation, taking on the role of a researcher, reaching the child's voice, and describing the results in a child-centered and ethically sustainable way. Respect for the child and earning the child's trust are essential. When successful, ECEC ethnography provides knowledge and understanding of childhood in a way that can contribute to supporting children's development and overall well-being.
Determination of Mistakes Made by Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers in Fermi Problem-Solving Performance and Solutions
Authors: Er Zübeyde
Published: August 2023

One of the reasons why students fail in mathematics courses is that the problems used in the lessons are abstract. In this context, it is important to embody the problems used in the lessons. Fermi problems are open-ended problems, a type of problem that reflects real-life situations that are solved by making a series of predictions. In the future, with these problems involving real-life situations, it is today’s pre-service mathematics teachers who are primarily responsible for carrying out an effective teaching process in school mathematics. This research was carried out within the scope of the case study design, which is one of the qualitative research designs, which aims to determine the errors made by primary school mathematics teacher candidates in their performance and solutions to solve the Fermi problem. The study group of the study consisted of 44 pre-service teachers studying in the 4th grade in the department of primary school mathematics teaching in a province located in the southern region of Turkey in the 2022-2023 academic year. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the scores obtained by the pre-service mathematics teachers from the solutions of Fermi problems were not at the desired level, and the performance of the teacher candidates was at a medium level. From the error detection, it was find that the source of this situation is mostly due to the weakness in the dimensional estimation process.
School Students’ Experience of Using the Internet
Authors: Niraula Khadga Bahadur
Published: August 2023

The Internet has significant impact on students’ learning outcomes. This paper outlines an examination of school students’ understanding of using Internet facilities. As qualitative research, it employed Internet-based semi-structured interviews to accumulate data and the investigation of various archived documents allocated a ground for analysis. The study examined how school students use Internet to improve collaborative learning, advance technological skills, and explore digital resources. The Internet has become an alternative means to physical classrooms to continue educational activities during the COVID-19 crisis. During the study, limited ICT infrastructure, weak Internet services, parents’ unreliable source of income and teachers’ inadequate ICT skills have been recognized as major challenges to supplying education for all through online mode. The findings indicated that students from disadvantaged and marginalized groups in rural areas can get support in distance learning and foster equal access to high-quality education if the concerned authority develops a minimal ICT skilled workforce and infrastructure.
Examining the Relationships of the Students’ Participation Patterns with their Learning Satisfaction and Learning Achievement in Asynchronous Online Discussions
Authors: Choi Beomkyu
Published: August 2023

Examining how people learn in various learning environments is at the core of the science of learning. The more we understand how students learn from different dimensions and aspects, the better equipped we are to support their learning. This study aims to expand our understanding of how learning occurs within the context of an asynchronous online discussion. Several studies have investigated and reported on how to effectively structure and facilitate an asynchronous online discussion to promote high-quality discourse from an interventionist perspective. From the situative, participatory perspective on knowing and learning, this study aims at examining the quality of participation in an asynchronous online discussion. This includes the examination of students’ participation patterns in asynchronous online discussions and the analyses of how these patterns explain their learning satisfaction and achievement. The present study identified the following participation patterns: Efficientist, Facilitator, Synthesizer, and Slacker found that there was a strong relationship of the participation patterns with learning satisfaction and learning achievement. The results indicate that participation patterns could be an important factor influencing student learning experience in an asynchronous online discussion. Future directions for research are discussed, including the analysis of social dynamics that could have an impact on participation patterns