bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimisasi Perencanaan Produksi Menggunakan Metode De Novo Programming Dan Pendekatan Minimum-Maximum (Min-Max) Goal Programming
Authors: Nurmalinda Utami Siregar  , Rina Filia Sari  , Rima Aprilia
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan jumlah keuntungan dan kapasitas produksi yang maksimal berdasarkan pada 3 jenis produk yaitu paving block segi empat, paving block segi enam, dan paving block segi delapan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu model de novo programming dan pendekatan minimum-maximum (min-max) goal programming. Untuk membentuk model de novo programming dilakukan dengan menentukan jumlah variabel keputusan, fungsi tujuan, dan fungsi kendala, selanjutnya dilakukan pemodelan min-max de novo programming pada keuntungan dan kapasitas produksi agar mendapatkan solusi optimal maksimum dan minimum pada tiap fungsi tujuan dan langkah terakhir dilakukan perhitungan menggunakan model goal programming. Berdasarkan hasil olah data menggunakan software LINGO, diperoleh nilai d = 0 artinya keuntungan dan kapasitas produksi maksimal dengan jumlah poduksi paving block segi empat sebanyak 54.060 pcs, paving block segi enam sebanyak 52.700, dan paving block segi delapan sebanyak 49.620 pcs dengan keuntungan maksimum yang diperoleh sebesar Rp. 86.936.320.
Analisis Penjualan Produk Dengan Metode Winter Eksponensial Smoothing Dan Even Based
Authors: Tri Kartika Chaniago  , Rina Filia Sari  , Ismail Husein
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang peramalan penjualan produk. Peramalan penjualan digunakan untuk mengatur perencanaan operasional produksi dan distribusi yang berhubungan dengan biaya yang harus dikeluarkan dalam memproduksi suatu produk. Untuk melakukan peramalan digunakan metode Winter eksponensial smoothing dan event based. Berdasarkan penerapan dari kedua metode tersebut ditemukan bahwa nilai peramalan terhadap 4 varian produk yaitu produk A dengan tingkat akurasi 0,18%, produk B dengan tingkat akurasi 0,9%, produk C dengan tingkat akurasi 0,5 %, dan produk D dengan tingkat akurasi 0,75% yang dihasilkan dari penerapan Winter eksponensial smoothing, sehingga metode Winter eksponensial smoothing lebih baik diterapkan pada penjualan produk di PT. Z untuk menganalisis system penjualan produk.
K KARAKTERISASI PASIR BESI DAN SIFAT MAGNETIK PANTAI ROMANTIS KABUPATEN SERDANG BEDAGAI
Authors: Khairunnisa Umi Khairunnisa
Published: August 2024

Karakterisasi pasir besi dan sifat magnetik di Pantai Romantis merupakan bagian penting dari perlindungan lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakterisasi pasir besi dan Sifat Magnetik daerah Pantai Romantis Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Suhu yang diberikan pada treatment panas menggunakan oven pada suhu 500 oC dan 600 selama 3 jam dan treatment panas matahari yaitu dijemur di bawah sinar matahari selama 10 jam pada suhu cuaca sekitar 31oC selama 2 hari. Menggunakan X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Menggunakan Origin dan Digimizer untuk menganalisis data pada pasir besi. Hasil analisis yang didapat bahwa pasir besi didominasi oleh besi oksida (Fe2O3) dengan persentase sekitar 75,18% menunjukkan bahwa treatment oven pada suhu yang lebih rendah memiliki kecenderungan untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi Fe2O3. Tingginya kandungan besi menandakan bahwa pasir besi memiliki potensi ekstraksi besi yang sangat signifikan, menjadi sumber bahan baku penting dalam industri logam. Pada suhu 600°C komposisi mineral pasir besi relatif stabil, meskipun terjadi variasi kecil pada beberapa senyawa mineral akibat pemanasan.
MEKANISME ANGIN SIKLON DAN ANTISIKLON DAN DAMPAK PADA CUACA
Authors: Alia Elisa Rachma
Published: August 2024

Salah satu perubahan yang terjadi pada siklon tropis adalah intensitas dan frekuensinya, dan di beberapa wilayah di dunia intensitas dan frekuensi siklon tropis semakin meningkat yang berkaitan dengan perubahan iklim. Lautan yang memanas memberikan lebih banyak energi untuk membentuk dan mengintensifkan badai. Di sisi lain, salah satu inovasi antisiklon adalah stagnasi udara. Tekanan tinggi yang kuat dapat  memperburuk kualitas udara dengan menyebabkan stagnasi udara dan memerangkap polutan di dekat permukaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu pemahaman topik mengenai mekanisme dan dampak pada angin siklon dan antisiklon. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah literature review. Penelitian diawali dengan mencari artikel yang berkaitan dengan topik penelitian yang ingin dilakukan. Tahap selanjutnya adalah validasi artikel dengan menyaring artikel berdasarkan judul artikel yang sesuai dengan ide topik yang dibahas. Mekanisme  siklon adalah terbentuk di daerah bertekanan rendah di atmosfer tempat udara naik. Mekanisme terjadinya  antisiklon adalah angin bertekanan tinggi dihasilkan di daerah bertekanan tinggi di atmosfer tempat udara tenggelam. Pola siklon dan antisiklon mempengaruhi distribusi suhu, kelembapan, dan curah hujan di berbagai wilayah di dunia. Dampak cuaca lokal juga dapat bervariasi tergantung pada lokasi geografis, musim, dan faktor lingkungan lainnya.
Penerapan Metode Triple Exponential Smoothing Holt Winters dalam Meramalkan Jumlah Keberangkatan Penumpang Kapal di Pelabuhan Soekarno-Hatta Makassar
Authors: Abdy Muhammad , Irwan Irwan , Mayangsari Mayangsari
Published: August 2024

Triple exponential smoothing Holt-Winters adalah suatu metode peramalan untuk data yang memiliki pola musiman dan memiliki dua cara perhitungan yaitu secara additive dan multiplicative.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi mengenai jumlah calon penumpang, agar pihak Pelindo (Pelabuhan Indonesia) dapat mempersiapkan atau melakukan penambahan jumlah kapal jika terjadinya suatu lonjakan jumlah penumpang. Metode yang tepat untuk meramalkan jumlah keberangkatan penumpang kapal di Pelabuhan Soekarno-Hatta Makassar untuk 12 bulan ke depan (Januari 2023 - Desember 2023) menggunakan metode triple exponential smoothing Holt-Winters. Pemilihan model terbaik berdasarkan hasil perbandingan nilai akurasi prakiraan MSE, RMSE dan MAD yang terkecil. Hasil peramalan pada penelitian ini menunjukkan model terbaik yang tepat untuk digunakan adalah model additive dengan nilai parameter   , , dan  dengan tingkat nilai akurasi prakiraan MSE=161718521, RMSE=12583,6952 dan MAD=8584,4011 yang lebih rendah bila dibandingkan dengan model Holt-Winters multiplicative.
Improving the Properties of Construction Plaster Mortar by using Portland Cement
Authors: J. Ismaeel Abaas
Published: August 2024

The study was conducted to investigate the physical properties of plaster by adding different percentages of the normal cement and white cement. These were 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% of the weight of the plaster. All the required laboratory tests were performed and the results were compared to the Iraqi Standard No. (27) for the year 1988 and also compared the results with the results of plaster mortar without adding any ratios of normal and white cement  in order to know the extent of change in the properties of plaster. The outcomes of the plaster softness test showed that the residual weight of the plaster on the sieve (1.18 mm) was equal to zero. This means that the  softness of the plaster used was  (0%)  and conformed to the Iraqi standard. Also, the results of the test of the cohesion time of plaster when adding percentages of normal cement, it is clear that the best proportion was (5%) because the time of cohesion decreased clearly and this decline is acceptable and in accordance with the Iraqi standard, However, the results of the test of the cohesion  time of plaster when adding percentages of White cement showed a huge reduction in the time of cohesion in comparison to those of normal cement and was contrary to the Iraqi standard. So, it can be said that it is possible to rely on the addition of ratios from normal cement better than the percentages of white cement due to a logical coherence time and conform to the standard . The results of the test of compressive strength of plaster showed and for all the cases mentioned that they were all in accordance with the Iraqi standard, and the best proportion was when adding (5%) normal cement because it gave the highest compressive strength from the other ratios. As for the addition of percentages of white cement, there was no increase in compressive strength when compared with the first and second cases, except at the ratio of (7.5%).
Applying GeoPlanner for ArcGIS in Urban planning
Authors: Khaleefah Hanoon Sadeq
Published: August 2024

The science of urban planning emerged clearly after World War II, in the wake of the massive destruction of European cities. Because Iraq suffered from the results of more than three decades of wars and wrong policies, the urgent need for urban planning has emerged to address the consequences of war as well as large population growth with the lack of services and infrastructure. In addition, the use of traditional and old methods in planning has increased the problems of cities, it is therefore necessary to find modern scientific methods to discover the causes of problems and to develop appropriate solutions. These methods should use modern techniques such as GIS techniques and remote sensing, to enable the study of the present state of cities and the problems they suffer.
 At present, GIS has evolved tremendously and has been used in many fields, including field of urban planning, where GIS is the cornerstone of urban planners because it simulates reality, explores points of vulnerability and gives timely solutions at low cost. There are different GIS applications according to the stages and levels of sectors and functions of the various urban planning. With increased ease of use and reduced GIS prices, GIS has become the practical and reasonable system for planners and an important component in supporting planning systems.
Recent developments in the integration of geographic information systems with planning models, visualization, and the internet, make GIS more useful in urban planning. It is known that data collection is difficult and costly task   in the planning process. Today it is possible to obtain a lot of data required at no cost through the websites specialized in GIS.
This research highlights the process of collecting and filtering processes, analysis and presentation of geographical data as well as a data collection method of specialized websites, easily and free of charge, using GeoPlanner for ArcGIS Application which is one of GIS applications online. I found GeoPlanner for ArcGIS application has been the appropriate tools and assistance in the urban planning process, because its tools can explore, collect, analyze, process, and provide information in a variety of easy to understand formats capable of performing complex and difficult tasks such as Nassiriyah city problems.
 I think that this research is the first paper which highlights GeoPlanner for ArcGIS application in Iraq and Arab countries, therefore I wrote the details of how we can use it.
Improvement of Gypsum Soil Properties by using Novolac polymer
Authors: Waddy Mohammed Dhay , A. Ahmed Balqeea , Th. AL-Hadidi Maysam
Published: August 2024

This paper is a tamped to improve the engineering properties of gypseous soil by adding novolac polymer. The soil  samples  brought from the west of Karbala city with 36% of gypsum content. The research was carried out by adding a different percentage of novolac polymer (3%, 6%, 9% w/W) respectively and comparing the results with other samples treated with cement in the same percentages. The targeted engineering properties are permeability, shear strength, and collapsibility. The results showed that 3% w/W of novolac gives the best improving in collapsibility which is improved to 57.8 while 6% w/W of novolac improved both the bearing capacity and the permeability which improved to (25.2  and 86.2% ) respectively.
Optimization Of Surface Roughness Of Stainless Steel AISI 440 C Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM).
Authors: Saleh Marsool Kadhim , Esmaeel Radhi Hazim
Published: August 2024

Because of its high corrosion resistance and ability to preserve mechanical qualities at high temperatures, Stainless steels are used in a variety of applications, including automotive, aerospace, and marine. In metal turning, cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut are all essential  machining parameters . The settings of these parameters determine the quality of the final turning results. The goal of this research is to see how changing these parameters affects the output factor (Surface Roughness). In addition, the behavior of stainless steel 440 C in dry turning conditions is being investigated for purpose to improve cutting conditions. In response surface methodology (RSM), the box-behnken design (BBD) technique is used, the surface roughness was modeled as a result to the parameters of cutting. The 17 trial runs were built using Design Expert (v12) to develop and test the empirical surface roughness mathematical model. The results indicated that the roughness is strongly affected by the feed rate, followed by cutting speed and depth of cut.
Calculation of the Total Solar Radiation for City of Nasiriyah per Month during the Year
Authors: A.A. Hammoud Mustafa , M. Hannun Rafid
Published: August 2024

Solar energy is the sun-emitting light and heat that man has used a wide variety of developing technologies since ancient times techniques for solar energy include the use of solar thermal energy, whether for direct thermal heating or as part of the process of mechanical conversion for movement or electric energy, or the use of photovoltaic panels for electricity through photovoltaic panels.
Alongside secondary energy sources like wind energy, wave energy, hydroelectric power and biomass, most of the renewables accessible on the Earth's surface are attributable to solar radiation. It should be pointed out that in our lives just a little of the solar energy accessible has been utilized Solar energy produced by heat engines or photovoltaic converters produces electricity .electricity only human genius regulates its applications after solar energy is transformed into electric power heating and cooling systems in architectural designs depending on the exploitation of solar energy are among the applications created utilizing solar energy. Drinking water, sunshine, water heating, solar cooking and heating for industry uses, during distillation and disinfection .In general, solar technologies are described as passive solar energy systems or passive solar energy systems depending on how sunlight is used, processed and dispersed. The use of photovoltaic panels and a solar thermal collector with mechanical and electrical equipment for converting sunlight into other usable energy sources are technologies that rely auf the use of positive solar energy .this is done by using passive solar energy to direct a structure to the sun, use materials with the corresponding thermal mass or light disseminating characteristics and create spaces , which circulate the air naturally. In this research, the total solar energy calculations for the city of "Nasiriya" are found from the total direct and dispersed energy as well as reflected through its own laws, and the geographical location and the angles of inclination of solar radiation and the angles of inclination of the receiving solar complex to the sun for three times during a day in every month over the course of The year is in addition to the ground reflectivity factor, and some other factors such as clouds, humidity, dust and smoke have been excluded from the calculations.
Using Geno-Iterative Approach to Identify Weiner and Hammerstein Models
Authors: H. Hasan Ali
Published: August 2024

This paper presents a novel method for identification of the Weiner and Hammerstein models and the model's parameters by the application of genetic algorithm optimization method and an iterative search through a lock up Table. The coefficient values of both linear and nonlinear parts are estimated by the GA while the type of nonlinearity and degree of delay of the linear part are determined by the iterative search through the lock up Table. The simulation results show the effectiveness and ability of the proposed algorithm for identification and realization of the Weiner and Hammerstein models that describe the real system.
Experimental and Theoretical Studies on Mechanical Properties Abstract of Composite Materials
Authors: Talib Abidzaid Al-Sharify Zainab
Published: August 2024

Resistible composites have been suggested to be used instead of carbon steel pipes to overcome a number of common problems during commercial applications, especially the problem of fixing dead-beat carbon steel pipes within these systems. The new composites used are resistible materials of unsaturated polyester sponsored with glass fiber and aluminum honeycomb. Mechanical properties of resistible composites have been studied using ASTM in order to find the best conditions to create a system of pipes. It have been seen clearly that the best concentration of aluminum powder is 3٥ % of the composite mixture, which represent the most suitable mechanical properties. Also, it was found that aluminum honeycomb samples were a very good mechanical properties suitable for certain applications.
Estimation of Flow in Horizontal Elliptic Channels with Free Overfall at the End of the Channel
Authors: Khalaf Eraebee Iqbal
Published: August 2024

The aim of this work is to calculate the flow discharge in horizontal elliptic channels with free overfall at the end of the channel. Two methods are used, the first one is Boussinesq approximation to calculate the End- Depth – Ratio ( EDR ) .The second one is a theoretical procedure applied to compute the flow over a sharp – crested weir.The available experimental data are used to verify the proposed End – Depth – Discharge (EDD) relationship. The calculated discharges, using the proposed EDD relationship, show excellent agreement with the experimental values in subcritical flows. However, the agreement is not so good in supercritical.
Analytical Study of Combined Convection Heat Transfer for Flow in a Horizontal Annulus
Authors: J. Shkarah Ahmed . , .I. Hasan Mushtaq , K. Eraebee Iqbal .
Published: August 2024

In this paper a numerical investigation is made to study the axially symmetric, laminar air flow in the entrance region of an annulus by solving the two dimensional governing equations of motion ( continuity, momentum & energy ) using implicit finite difference method and the Gauss elimination technique. A STAR CCM + program is used. The results obtained for velocity and temperature profile revealed that, the secondary flow created by natural convection have a significant effect on the heat transfer process. A comparison has been made for results which show a good agreement.
Prediction of Power Chimney Parameters Influenced the Operation at Nassiriya City
Authors: M. Hannun Rafid , A. A. Adnan , Adnan Abd Ghassan
Published: August 2024

The power chimney tower is one of modern promised energy which may be developed by low losses, simple and has high facilities. In this paper, many parameters were studied for prediction of system operation. Velocity distribution is the important parameter which gives the first prediction to put the position of erection of power turbine, made or not. The numerical analysis was presented by using GAMBIT and FLUENT 6.3 to predict that high velocity at the expansion of chimney near the solar collector place. This position is very suitable for promoting and building the power turbine since the velocity range was between (33 - 54 m/s) for different solar flux 200W/m2, 400W/m2, 600W/m2 and 800W/m2. So, the other factors, temperature and pressure were studied to coincide with previous papers in this field.
آليات الربط في لحام المونة والبرصمة للإسلاك المضفورة
Authors: عباس هاشم فاضل , هيلان سر محمد , توما عمران أسعد
Published: August 2024

Galvanized steel stranded ropes ( 10.3 mm diameter ) were welded by brazing and soldering , also stranded copper cables ( 9.5 mm diameter ) using Socket – Butt joint with capillary gap between 50 – 100 um , and 2 mm butt gap . Welding was completed by torch technique with commercial fluxes . The filler – metal alloy are copper – phosphors for brazing and tin-lead eutectic for soldering . The bonding mechanisms are generally the same . Bonding phase I will be created at the interface , while the intermediate phase II is the remainder . Mechanisms are different in spreading , wetting and bonding strength .
استخدام لوحات السيطرة الإحصائية ومقدرة العمليات الإنتاجية في تطوير اعمال السيطرة النوعية في معامل القابلوات في شركة أور العامة للصناعات الهندسية
Authors: عبد الحسين عدنان
Published: August 2024

This paper investigates the use of statistical control techniques such as (statistical control charts and process capability) in quality control of the electrical wires and cables which were produced in Ur Company (Cable factories) and in order to evaluate the performance of the manufacturing machines. Two types of manufacturing processes were selected namely (drawing and insulation) by testing diameter, max. tensile strength, elongation, and electrical resistance of wires, and testing of nominal thickness, strength, and elongation of insulation and sheathing of cables, for evaluating of quality control and process capability by using control charts namely (Average-Range) chart and process capability calculations and statistical analysis based on histogram technique. The results showed that some of machines are unable to satisfy the specification tolerances due to wide differences in the resulted values of the statistical parameter. Therefore, it is important to carry out the total maintenance for these machines, and increase the quality control activities such as testing the raw materials by chemical analysis.
Study of the Condenser Performance in Al-Nassiriyah Thermal Power Plant
Authors: N. Hassan Khalid , A. Rishack Qais , K. Mohammed Ahmed
Published: August 2024

This paper includes a study of the performance of Al-Nassiriyah thermal power plant condenser. Which includes a calculations of the main variables of condenser (heat transfer,condensation rate, overall heat transfer coefficient and vapour pressure) by applying two dimensional mathematical model and depending on the empirical equations of heat transfer.Comparison was made between the theoretical results for Al-Nassiriyah thermal power plant condenser before operation it (standard power plant) with practical data which taken from the plant for the second unit in year 2007. The comparison showed that there was a large difference between theoretical results and the values taken from the plant as a result to the effect of operation conditions.
Prediction of the Shear Strength of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Fiber Reinforced Polymer Bars Using Artificial Neural Networks Model
Authors: A. Mashrei Mohammed
Published: August 2024

In this paper an Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) model is developed to predict the shear strength of concrete beams reinforced with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars. An experimented data set collected from the experimental studies on  concrete beams reinforce with FRP bars are used in the artificial neural network. They are arranged in a format of six input parameters including the width and depth of beams, compressive strength of concrete, modulus of elasticity, reinforcement ratio of FRP and the shear span to depth ratio and one output parameter which is shear strength. A parametric study is carried out using ANN to study the influence of each parameter on the shear strength of concrete beams reinforced with fiber reinforced polymers; the results showed that the shear strength increases with increasing all parameters used in ANN model except the shear span to depth ratio. In this case, as the shear span to depth ratio decreases, the shear strength increase. The results of this study indicate that the ANN provides good prediction as compared to the experimental data and the empirical equations.
المنحني الناتج من دوران دائرة على مسار قاعدة مخروط قائم عند دورانها دورة كاملة بحيث تكون كل نقط محيط الدائرة مماسه دائما لسطح المخروط - دراسة رسم حالة المنحني من نقطة ثابتة على المحيط الخارجي لدائرة
Authors: هادي منشد العصامي ليث
Published: August 2024

This paper is an attempt to study the case that a new type of curves through rolling (not sliding) of the geometric shape on the path to, a specific research was to study the composition of a special case of rounded shapes-circle by making them in contact permanently with the surface of rounded surface of the R-Cone based as a case study especially to search for study a current research, the paper continues with the new curves resulting from the fixed point on the circumference of a circle which was plotter curves of"cycloids" and its derivatives, which uses it in this study purpose to renew the designs of bulbar form domes, especially in Islamic architecture dome in shapes in past and present .The paper aimed to develop these cases, as a standard curves over the study status of the three coordinates not in two as previously studied by the extraction of a new type of curve which can generate for its ratio a new architecture domes or roofs of three-dimensional curves in new formations provided by the researcher as models of past forms that was researched in depth.The paper is focused for the first time the formation of this type of curves within the three-dimensional space by using the cone surface-based path of the movement of a circular situation of complete contact with the surface of the cone existing at any moment of his side induced in this research to be adopted to configure circular shape ,the status of the inter section of ball perpendicular (i.e. the case of the search) and tangent to complete each point with three-dimensional surface as the surface of the cone has been studied from a specified paths with the base of the cone, to consist of the intersection curve is closed symmetrical circular where all the points surrounding in contact permanently with surface of the cone-based,,which makes a circle plotter in the special case where flattens all points around the surface of the cone from the two sides parallel with the base (horizontal), and axis inclination surface of the cone (angle-slop surface of the cone with the line of the horizon of its base=(u), which gives the distinctive shape of the area intersection in the Departments of the plotter flat,perfectly with the points of angle-slop surface of the cone of any situation of complete contact with the points in which case that have been studied in 3d-space, relying on the case of the intersection of a sphere or cylinder (the case outside the field of research), the spiral new curve based is the shop geometric closed to all points of intersection cylinder or ball and perpendicular with them so there is only one point at the base of the cone.
Experimental Enhancement of the Thermal Conductivity for Mortar Concrete by Adding Polystyrene
Authors: Wahhab Aljibory Mohammed
Published: August 2024

This paper gives an experimental study for the thermal conductivity of mortar concrete material by adding polystyrene (styropr) as granules for different volume percentages (0%,5% , 10% and 15 %). Polystyrene considered as a polymeric thermal isolative material. The specimens of 343 cm3 are made with a mixing percentages of 22.72% cement, 68.18% sand and 9.1% water which they accredited according to the Iraqi standardization No. (5 /1984).Tests are carried out in the laboratories of the engineering college– Karbalaa university to determine the thermal conductivity, compressive strength, porosity and the density for the specimens. The results showed that the polystyrene leads to decrease the thermal conductivity of the mortar concrete. The thermal conductivity of the (5%) polystyrene specimen is decreased by (2.6%), (10%) polystyrene specimen is decreased by (10.4%), and for the specimen of (15%) polystyrene is decreased by (20.28%).The compressive strength of the specimen is decreased by increasing the polystyrene percentages and this clearly appear in the 10% and the 15% specimens but it isn't exceed the permissible range according to the Iraqi standardization No. 5/1984 (compressive strength≥23 Mpa).
Perspective the Use of Thermal Energy Lost From an Engine Cooling System to Run an Absorption Refrigerator for Vehicle Air Conditioning
Authors: Salman Shihab Abdulwadood
Published: August 2024

This paper is addressed to investigate the possibility of using a waste heat to drive absorption refrigeration system as an alternative system for automobile air conditioning. LiBr-water absorption refrigerator is suggested for this application. A theoretical analysis of the system has been carried out to maximize its cooling potential. This study includes also an actual experimental test to measure the available waste heat that is rejected from water cooling system of a 6-cylinder petrol engine fitted to Toyota Land Cruiser vehicle. The test was performed directly on the vehicle using out-city high way roads. It is found that the wasted energy from the engine cooling system is ranged between 10 kW for idling engine speed and 68 kW when loading. The engine cooling water temperature is ranged between 71  and 84 . The reject heat available in the cooling water system is measured and found to be adequate for producing cooling up to 34 kW, but the low level of the water temperature did not allow the refrigeration system to produce continuous cooling corresponding to engine and vehicle speeds at a refrigeration temperature of 5 to 10 , especially at hot weather condition
Use of Neural Networks to Predict Ultimate Strength of Circular Concrete Filled Steel Tube Beam-Columns
Authors: Sagban Saadoon Ahmed , Zuboon Nasser Kadhim
Published: August 2024

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are useful computing system which can be trained to learn complex relationship between two or more variables. It learns from examples and storage the knowledge for future use. In this study, a model for predicting the ultimate strength of circular concrete filled steel tube (CCFST) beam-columns under eccentric axial loads has been developed in ANN. The available experimental results for 181 specimens obtained from previous studies were used to build the proposed model. The predicted strengths obtained from the proposed ANN model were compared with the experimental values and current design provision for CCFST beam-columns (AISC and Eurocode4). Results showed that the predicted values by the proposed ANN model were very close to the experimental values and were more accurate than the AISC and Eurocode4 values. As a result, ANN provided an efficient alternative method in predicting the ultimate strength of CCFST beam-columns.
Mixed Convection Heat Transfer Inside A vented Square Enclosure with Concentric Rotation Inner Cylinder
Authors: K. Alshara Ahmed , A. Abood Falah , A. Al-mayahi Huda
Published: August 2024

Mixed convection heat transfer for laminar air flow inside a vented square enclosure with rotation inner cylinder is studied numerically The bottom wall is heated at constant temperature (Th ) while the other walls and the surfaces of the inner cylinder are adiabatic. An external flow enters the square cavity through an opening located down the left vertical wall and exits from an opening located in the upper right wall. The conservation governing equations (continuity, momentum and energy are solved by finite element method using Flex PDE software package. Results of  velocity curves, isotherms and average Nusselt number show the effect of the variables: Richardson number (Ri = 0,6,10), Reynolds number (Re = 20, 50, 100 ), Prandtl number (Pr = 0.7), the dimensionless angular velocity (? = 0 –3) and dimensionless radius of rotating cylinder (R= 0 - 0.3) on heat transfer and flow filed. The results show that, the average Nusselt number increases with increasing  Ri, Re, R and decreases with increasing ?. The results are compared with other authors in the literature and give  a good agreement.
الحركات المرورية ومحدداتها في التقاطع أسفل مجسر القيثارة في مدينة الناصرية
Authors: هادي محمد علي امير
Published: August 2024

The intersection is the most important part in the road system .The intersection may be at the same level which named " AT GRADE INTERSECTION" where all the vehicles are at the same level, or at different level which called "GRADE  SEPERATION" The choosed intersection "Al –Qithara Intersection" is one of the important intersections in the city therefore it was selected to evaluate traffic movements in this intersection. The filed measurements was conducted to collect the traffic data to find out the possible remedies to improve the traffic operation in the intersection. Two suggestions were submitted to improve the intersection performance. The first one depends on departure the traffic movements while the second suggestion includes the use of traffic signals. The main conclusion that in spite of the presence of al-Qithara Bridge the intersection is congested with many conflict points. The study recommended that the traffic movement should be modified and the intersection should be modified to signalized intersection.
Pola Pertumbuhan Dan Kebiasaan Makan Ikan Janggut (Esomus metallicus) Di Sungai Ogan Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Rosanti Dewi , Mutiara Dian , Maryani Sri
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT
 
Research on the growth patterns and eating habits of bearded fish (Esomus metallicus) in the Ogan River was carried out in April-May 2024. This research aims to study the growth patterns of bearded fish and analyze the types of food of bearded fish that live in the Ogan River, Palembang City. The research uses a survey method. Sampling was carried out at 3 stations. Station I is around water vegetation or is a natural habitat for fish, station II is around residential areas and station III is around a rubber factory. The fish obtained were taken as samples from 5 individuals each from each station. Each fish was measured for total length and weight. The sample was then dissected, the stomach was taken. The contents of the stomach are examined to see the composition of the types of food, and measure the total volume of food eaten and the volume of each type of food to determine the largest type of food (Index of Preponderance). The research results showed that the composition of the jangut fish's food was phytoplankton (44.39%), leaf debris (27.26%), zooplankton (0.26%) and unidentified (28.07%). The growth pattern of beard fish is negative allometric or growth in length is faster than growth in weight.
 
Keywords: Esomus metallicus, Index of Preponderance, allometric
Peran Mediasi Kesadaran dalam Pengaruh Pengetahuan Perpajakan dan Sanksi Perpajakan Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak
Authors: Marampa Exzel Junianto , Febriani Eka
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menguji keberpengaruhan pengetahuan perpajakan serta sanksi perpajakan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak secara langsung dan tidak langsung melalui kesadaran sebagai pemediasi. Pemilihan sampel berdasarkan metode incidental sampling. Diperoleh 160 responden dari kuesioner yang didistribusikan secara online dan offline dengan alat analisis software SmartPLS 4.0. Responden berupa wajib pajak orang pribadi pekerja bebas yang berfokus pada tenaga ahli, merupakan kebaharuan pada penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menemukan pengetahuan perpajakan dan sanksi perpajakan tidak mempengaruhi kepatuhan wajib pajak secara langsung, akan tetapi pengetahuan perpajakan dan sanksi perpajakan mempengaruhi kepatuhan wajib pajak secara tidak langsung melalui kesadaran sebagai pemediasi.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Laba Bersih pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Kosmetik dan Keperluan Rumah Tangga
Authors: Angraini Anggun , Ernawati  , Annisa Fitri Nuri
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui beberapa faktor yang mampu mempengaruhi laba bersih suatu perusahaan, dengan mengkaji lebih dalam mengenai bagaimana variabel X1 biaya produksi, variabel X2 harga jual dan variabel X3 volume penjualan. Objek penelitian berupa Perusahaan Manufaktur pada Sub Sektor Kosmetik dan Keperluan Rumah Tangga yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Penelitian ini mengambil 6 sampel perusahaan. Pada penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan data sekunder yang dapat diakses melalui web resmi BEI. Metode Purposive Samping menjadi metode yang digunakan penulis untuk menentukan cara pengambilan sampel penelitian. Penulis melakukan pengujian perhitungan variabel menggunakan software SPSS 26. Hasil akhir penelitian, penulis menemukan bahwa hipotesis pertama, variabel X1 yaitu biaya produksi mempengaruhi variabel Y yaitu Laba Bersih. Hipotesis kedua, variabel X2 yaitu harga jual tidak mampu mempengaruhi variabel Y yaitu Laba Bersih. Hipotesis ketiga, variabel X3 yaitu volume penjualan mempengaruhi variabel Y yaitu Laba Bersih. Hipotesis keempat, semua variabel independent (X1,X2 dan X3) mempengaruhi variabel dependen (Y).
Pengembangan E-Modul Interaktif Berbasis Heyzine pada Mata Pelajaran Dasar-Dasar Akuntansi dan Keuangan Lembaga Kelas X Akuntansi
Authors: Nawang Sari Wulan , Pratiwi Vivi
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan mengembangkan media pembelajaran berupa e-modul interaktif berbasis Heyzine pada mata pelajaran dasar-dasar akuntansi dan keuangan lembaga kelas X akuntansi dan guna mengetahui kelayakan media yang dibuat. Penelitian ini memakai model pengembangan ADDIE, diantaranya tahap analisis, desain, pengembangan, implementasi dan evaluasi. Aktivitas uji coba produk dilaksanakan pada 10 orang peserta didik kelas X Konsentrasi Keahlian Akuntansi. Berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli didapatkan kriteria sangat layak pada rata-rata persentase sebesar 95,26% untuk ahli materi, dan persentase kelayakan sebesar 94,29% untuk ahli media. Sementara hasil respon peserta didik didapatkan kriteria sangat baik pada persentase sebesar 97,83%. Maka didapatkan hasil akhir berupa produk e-modul interaktif berbasis Heyzine sangat layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran pada aktivitas pembelajaran dengan rata-rata persentase kelayakan lebih dari 61%. Penelitian ini terbatas pada materi perusahaan jasa. Sehingga pada penelitian berikutnya bisa dikembangkan pada materi lainnya.
Pengaruh Literasi Ekonomi dan Pemanfaatan Media Sosial Terhadap Minat Berwirausaha Siswa di SMA N 8 Palembang
Authors: Purnama Sari Pesi , Hodsay Zahruddin , Aradea Riswan
Published: August 2024

Menumbuhkan minat dan semangat berwirausaha pada peserta didik adalah solusi yang tepat untuk mengatasi tingkat pengangguran, melalui pengetahuan literasi ekonomi dan memanfaatkan media sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan 1) untuk mengetahui adakah pengaruh literasi ekonomi terhadap minat berwirausaha, 2) adahkah pengaruh pemanfaatan media sosial minat berwirausaha, 3) adakah pengaruh literasi ekonomi dan pemanfaatan media sosial terhadap minat berwirausaha. Penelitian ini jenis kuantitatif dengan pendekatan asosiatif kasual. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI IPS SMA N 8 Palembang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa baik variabel literasi ekonomi dan pemanfaatan media sosial mempengaruhi minat berwirausaha secara bersamaan. Sedangkan literasi ekonomi secara parsial mempengaruhi  minat berwirausaha. Dan variabel pemanfaatan media sosial secara parsial mempengaruhi minat berwirausaha.
Synthesis and Thermodynamic Characteristics of Molybdenum Carboxylates Мо2((СH3)3CCOO)4, Мо2(СF3COO)4, МоО2((СH3)3CCOO)2
Authors: Kayumova D. B. , Malkerova I. P. , Yambulatov D. S. , Sidorov A. A. , Eremenko I. L. , Alikhanyan A. S.
Published: August 2024

Dimolybdenum tetratrimethylacetate (tetrapivalate) and tetratrifluoroacetate are synthesized, and their evaporation is studied by the Knudsen effusion method with mass spectral analysis of the gas phase. The standard enthalpies of formation of crystalline and gaseous Мо2(СF3COO)4 are estimated for the first time by the study of dissociative ionization. The solid-phase reactions of silver pivalate (CН3)3СCOOAg with molybdenum are studied by thermography (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mass spectrometry. The reaction in a temperature range of 410–480 K affords molybdenum oxopivalate МоО2Piv2. The obtained experimental data make it possible to estimate the standard enthalpy of formation of this compound: ΔfH°298 (МоО2Рiv2, cr) = –1476 kJ/mol.
Palladium Complexes of Pyrimidine-2-thiones: Synthesis, Structures, and Properties
Authors: Kuzovlev A. S. , Gordeeva N. A. , Pastukhova Zh. Yu. , Chernyshev V. V. , Buzanov G. A. , Dunaev S. F. , Bruk L. G.
Published: August 2024

Complexes [PdL2Cl2] (I) and [PdL2Вr2] (II) (L is 5-acetyl-6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-2-thione) are synthesized and characterized by spectral methods (1Н, 13С NMR and IR spectroscopy). The crystal structure of complex I is determined (CIF file ССDС no. 2233053) in which the palladium atom is coordinated by two halide ions and two sulfur atoms of two ligands L in a distorted square planar geometry. The catalytic activity of the synthesized palladium(II) complexes in the model epoxidation of allyl alcohol is estimated in comparison with the catalytic activity of the corresponding palladium halides and titanium-containing zeolite TS-1.
Gold(I) Chloride Complexes with 4-Halo-substituted Phenyl Isocyanide Ligands
Authors: Gavrilov G. A. , Davletbaeva K. N. , Kinzhalov M. A.
Published: August 2024

A series of gold(I) monoisocyanide [AuCl(C6H4–4-X)] (X = Cl (IIa), Br (IIb), I (IIc) and bis-isocyanide [Au(C6H4–4-X)2](PF6) (X = Cl (IIIa), Br (IIIb), I (IIIc) complexes were prepared by the reaction of [AuCl(Tht)] (Tht = tetrahydrothiophene) with the specified isocyanide. The molecular structure of IIa – IIc was established by X-ray diffraction (CCDC no. 2253450 (IIa), 2253447 (IIb), 2253448 (IIc)). The crystals of IIb and IIc are isostructural; they were found to have several types of intermolecular interactions, particularly, C–X⋯Cl – Au halogen bonds, π-hole (CCNR) ⋯ (Au) interactions, and Au⋯Au aurophilic contacts, which form together a two-layer 2D supramolecular polymer. The crystals of IIb, IIc and IIIa, IIIb exhibit phosphorescence at room temperature; compounds IIa and IIIc do not possess luminescent properties; and mechanical grinding of IIa – IIc and IIIa – IIIc powders does not change the photophysical properties.
Evaluación de violencias basadas en género en jóvenes universitarios
Authors: Ceballos Sánchez Gineth Rufina , Guerrero Gómez Karen Brigitte , Flórez Madroñero Andrea Carolina , Mera Romo Erica Nathalia
Published: August 2024

El presente manual pone a disposición de la comunidad académica, la metodología que se utilizó para la evaluación de Violencias Basadas en Género [VBG] en estudiantes universitarios. El proceso de construcción y validación de los instrumentos se orienta desde la teoría ecológica de Bronfenbrenner (1976), que permite reconocer la interacción y desarrollo de las personas en los diferentes ambientes; y, que contribuye con una lectura integral de las VBG en los diferentes sistemas en los que se involucran jóvenes universitarios. Las VBG aluden a las acciones que buscan hacer daño, discriminar, agredir y/o maltratar a una persona por su género, las cuales están sustentadas bajo una cultura social patriarcal, heteronormativa, cisnormativa, basada en un sistema de binarismos de género que se materializan en relaciones de poder desigual, brechas sociales y vulneración de derechos. Este fenómeno representa un problema de interés social y comunitario que trasciende a nivel local, nacional y mundial (Organización de las Naciones Unidas [ONU], 2017); Organización Panamericana de la Salud [OPS] y Organización Mundial de la Salud [OMS], 2016). El proyecto que enmarca esta metodología corresponde al proceso de práctica formativa en Psicología realizado en la Zona de Orientación Universitaria - ZOU Mariana, dependencia adscrita a la Vicerrectoría de Desarrollo Humano Integral de la Universidad Mariana. Así mismo, se fundamenta en las disposiciones de la Resolución 014466 de 2022 por la cual el Ministerio de Educación Nacional (MEN) fija los lineamientos de prevención, detección, atención de violencias y cualquier tipo de discriminación basada en género en instituciones de educación superior (IES) para el desarrollo de protocolos en el marco de las acciones de política de educación superior inclusiva. Las herramientas construidas para la evaluación de las VGB se consideran relevantes para el contexto social y educativo, dado el creciente interés por comprender la problemática y atenderla de forma pertinente, evitando que continúen hechos de violencia que afectan la convivencia y el bienestar integral de las personas. La metodología propuesta consta de un instrumento para la evaluación cuantitativa, el cual es una encuesta gráfica basada en historietas; y, varias técnicas cualitativas, como: la cartografía corporal, la cartografía social, la lista de chequeo, herramientas que contribuyen a comprender cómo las y los jóvenes universitarios perciben las VBG en los diferentes sistemas en los que participan, tales como la cultura (macrosistema), sociedad (exosistema), familia, trabajo y vida social (mesosistema) y, relaciones entre individuos (microsistemas). Se procura que la aplicación de esta metodología permita la evaluación integral de las VBG y, a su vez, ello pueda orientar acciones de prevención, su detección y atención, desde el enfoque de Derechos Humanos y la promoción de igualdad de género.
Exploring the Roots of the Crisis of the Modern State. A View from Roman Law
Authors: Vanney Maria Alejandra
Published: August 2024

Contrary to what may appear at first glance, classical Roman law provides today’s legal and political thought with relevant tools to address the current crisis of the state. This was the understanding of Álvaro d’Ors, an eminent Spanish scholar of Roman Law during his long academic career. Starting from the distinction between auctoritas and potestas as it prevailed in classical Rome, he explained the effects that their later entanglement provoked in socio-political life.
Indeed, auctoritas and potestas should never be embodied by the same person or united in a single role. Thus, while right (ius) must be guided by the former (the judges’ knowledge, socially recognized), without pressure or political interests, the political government acts on the basis of potestas, i.e. a socially recognized power.
The distinction between power and authority was lost over time, with serious consequences for the legal tradition. In the absence of the original sense of authority, right came to be considered as consisting only of lex (with no place for ius, i.e., for a right based on auctoritas, on knowledge). Moreover, it is a lex established according to principles of justice decided by the potestas of the legislator, leaving the judges with the mere task of “fitting” the legal conflict to the appropriate legal norm.
Faced with this situation, d’Ors advocated the need to reestablish a “case-based” right in which the prudentia auctoritatis of judges would resolve conflicts without reducing ius to lex.