bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of InP/ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots for photo-emissive color conversion
Authors: Chen Wandi , Wang Wenwen , Sun Lei , Chen Shiyao , Yan Qun , Guo Tailiang , Zhou Xiongtu , Wu Chaoxing , Zhang Yongai
Published: March 2022

In this paper, a InP/ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots photoresist (QDPR) film has
been successfully prepared after the as-synthesized InP/ZnSe/ZnS
quantum dots (QDs) were mixed with the photoresist, where the molar
ratio of P3- : In3+: Se2- was
6:1:3 and the reaction time the ZnS shell was 60 min. The influence of
the thickness of the film and the mass ratio of InP/ZnS QDs to
photoresist on the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) was
investigated. The results show that the PLQY changes from 39.9%
to 52.6% and the CIE color coordinates could vary from (0.28,
0. 10) to (0.65, 0.32) with the assistance of 5.5 pairs of DBR
structures when the thickness of the InP/ZnSe/ZnS QDPR films is 7.82
µm and the mass ratio (wt%) of the InP/ZnSe/ZnS QDs to
the photoresist is 25%. Compared with the InP/ZnSe/ZnS QDs
film, the PLQY of the patterned InP/ZnSe/ZnS QDs layer can reach to be
47.2% and the CIE color coordinates of is varied from (0.28,
0.10) to (0.35, 0.14). Furthermore, the PLQY of the patterned
InP/ZnSe/ZnS QDs layer can be improved to 65.1% at 5.5 pairs of
DBR structures. Based on these results, the InP/ZnSe/ZnS QDs films,
especially patterned QD layer, show great potential for the
fabrication of high-quality QD color filter and full-color
displays.
Retention in care and predictors of attrition among HIV-infected patients who started antiretroviral therapy in Kinshasa, DRC, before and after the implementation of the ‘treat-all’ strategy
Authors: Mayasi Nadine , Situakibanza Hippolyte , Mbula Marcel , Longokolo Murielle , Maes Nathalie , Bepouka Ben , Ossam Jérôme Odio , Moutschen Michel , Darcis Gilles
Published: March 2022

The retention of patients in care is a key pillar of the continuum of HIV care. It has been suggested that the implementation of a “treat-all” strategy may favor attrition (death or lost to follow-up, as opposed to retention), specifically in the subgroup of asymptomatic people living with HIV (PLWH) with high CD4 counts. Attrition in HIV care could mitigate the success of universal antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings. We performed a retrospective study of PLWH at least 15 years old initiating ART in 85 HIV care centers in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), between 2010 and 2019, with the objective of measuring attrition and to define factors associated with it. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics recorded at ART initiation included sex, age, weight, height, WHO HIV stage, pregnancy, baseline CD4 cell count, start date of ART, and baseline and last ART regimen. Attrition was defined as death or loss to follow-up (LTFU). LTFU was defined as “not presenting to an HIV care center for at least 180 days after the date of a last missed visit, without a notification of death or transfer”. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to present attrition data, and mixed effects Cox regression models determined factors associated with attrition. The results compared were before and after the implementation of the “treat-all” strategy. A total of 15,762 PLWH were included in the study. Overall, retention in HIV care was 83% at twelve months and 77% after two years of follow-up. The risk of attrition increased with advanced HIV disease and the size of the HIV care center. Time to ART initiation greater than seven days after diagnosis and Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis was associated with a reduced risk of attrition. The implementation of the “treat-all” strategy modified the clinical characteristics of PLWH toward higher CD4 cell counts and a greater proportion of patients at WHO stages I and II at treatment initiation. Initiation of ART after the implementation of the ‘treat all” strategy was associated with higher attrition (p<0.0001) and higher LTFU (p<0.0001). Attrition has remained high in recent years. The implementation of the “treat-all” strategy was associated with higher attrition and LTFU in our study. Interventions to improve early and ongoing commitment to care are needed, with specific attention to high-risk groups to improve ART coverage and limit HIV transmission.
Mechanism for the photodegradation of 9,10-dibutoxyanthracene in the presence of air
Authors: Seto Ryotaro , Sato Arisa , Iuchi Keita , Himori Shunichi , Gotoh Hiroaki
Published: March 2022

The photoreactivity of anthracene has been previously verified for a range of its derivatives. 9,10-Dibutoxyanthracene is commonly used as an electron transfer sensitizer for photopolymerization because of its favorable optical properties. This study experimentally demonstrated that 9,10-dibutoxyanthracene produces an endoperoxide species upon reaction with the oxygen present in air. A secondary decomposition product formed during the photodecomposition of the endoperoxide species was also isolated and identified. The proposed reaction pathway is supported by singlet oxygen scavenger studies and calculations of the singlet–triplet transition energies. Our findings suggest that 9,10-dibutoxyanthracene can be used as a photo-induced oxygen scavenger.
The impact of reusable tableware packaging combined with environmental propaganda on consumer behaviour in online retail
Authors: Gu Chao , Chen Jiangjie , Wei Wei , Sun Jie , Yang Chun , Jiang Liao , Hu Jingyue , Lv Baiwan , Lin Shuyuan , Jiang Qianling
Published: March 2022

With the development of the takeaway industry, the demand for disposable cutlery is increasing, posing a heavy burden on the environment. Helping reusable tableware increase market share is important because it helps preserve the natural environment while making commercial gains. Given the additional cost to consumers of using reusable tableware in many settings, this article examines the impact of incorporating environmental propaganda into packaging design on consumer behaviour. The results show that the new packaging with high environmental propaganda satisfaction improves consumers’ brand loyalty, purchase intention and continuance intention. The packaging of low environmental propaganda satisfaction may have negative effects and should be used with caution.
Spatial variation and determinant of home delivery in Ethiopia: Spatial and mixed effect multilevel analysis based on the Ethiopian mini demographic and health survey 2019
Authors: Hailegebreal Samuel , Gilano Girma , Simegn Atsedu Endale , Seboka Binyam Tariku
Published: March 2022

Background

Health facility delivery is vital in reducing maternal mortality however, the percentage of deliveries taking place in health facilities were remained below 50%. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess spatial variation and determinant factors of home delivery in Ethiopia.

Methods

We used cross-sectional survey data from Ethiopian Mini Demographics and health 2019. A total of 5,527 reproductive-age women were included in this study. ArcGIS 10.7 was applied to explore the spatial distribution of home delivery and Sat scan 9.6.1 version software was used for spatial cluster analysis. A mixed effect multilevel binary logistic regression model was fitted for determinant factors due to the hierarchical nature of the data. Finally, an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence level was used to declare significant determinants of home delivery.

Result

According to EMDHS 2019, the spatial variation of home delivery was non-random across the country. Somali, Afar, SNNPR, and part of Amhara were hot spot areas, where some parts of Benishangul, central Oromia, Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, and Harari were identified as cold spot areas. The odds of women who had primary, secondary and higher education was decreased by 50% (AOR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.42–0.61), 72% (AOR = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.19–0.40) and 90% (AOR = 0.10; 95% CI: 0.05–0.19) as compared to women no-education respectively. Mothers who had ANC visits were 70% (AOR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.26–0.36) less likely to have a home birth as compared to women who had no ANC visit. The odds of having home birth among rural residents were 5.2 times (AOR = 5.2; 95% CI: 3.11–8.55) more likely higher compared to the counterpart.

Conclusion

The prevalence of home delivery in Ethiopia was still more than half percent. The spatial distribution was varied across the region. Maternal age, religion, wealth status, had ANC visit, birth order, region, and residence were significant factors with home delivery. Therefore, improving maternal educational status, interventional design in hotspot region, and inspire the mother to take antenatal care is essential to reduce the prevalence of home delivery.
Prevalence and potential determinants of chronic disease among elderly in India: Rural-urban perspectives
Authors: Jana Arup , Chattopadhyay Aparajita
Published: March 2022

Chronic diseases are the leading causes of disability and premature death among the elderly population in India. The study, using data from the 75thround of the NSSO survey (N = 44,631), examined the prevalence and determinants of chronic diseases among the population aged 60+ in India by applying bivariate and logistic regression analyses and used a non-linear decomposition technique to understand the urban-rural differences in the prevalence of chronic diseases. About 21% of the elderly in India reportedly have at least one chronic disease. Seventeen percent elderly in rural areas and 29% in urban areas suffer from a chronic disease. Hypertension and diabetes account for about 68% of all chronic diseases. The prevalence of chronic diseases is the highest in Kerala (54%), followed by Andhra Pradesh (43), West Bengal (36), and Goa (32). Those with higher levels of education, staying in urban areas, those who are economically dependent on others, staying alone or without spouse and children, and belonging to wealthy households have a higher likelihood of having a chronic disease. The probability of having a chronic disease is 1.15 times higher among urban residents as compared to their rural counterparts. Elderly rural women, compared to elderly rural men, and never-married, widowed, and divorced elderly urban women, compared to married elderly urban men, are significantly more likely to suffer from chronic ailments. Differences in education, wealth status, and caste are the three most significant contributors to the urban-rural gap in chronic diseases. The high risk of chronic diseases among certain subsets of the elderly population must be recognized as a key public health concern. The findings of our study will likely help promote healthy ageing in India.
Telehealth versus face-to-face visits: A comprehensive outpatient perspective-based cohort study of patients with kidney disease
Authors: Androga Lagu A. , Amundson Rachel H. , Hickson LaTonya J. , Thorsteinsdottir Bjoerg , Garovic Vesna D. , Manohar Sandhya , Viehman Jason K. , Zoghby Ziad , Norby Suzanne M. , Kattah Andrea G. , Albright Robert C.
Published: March 2022

Background

Telenephrology has become an important health care delivery modality during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, little is known about patient perspectives on the quality of care provided via telenephrology compared to face-to-face visits. We aimed to use objective data to study patients’ perspectives on outpatient nephrology care received via telenephrology (phone and video) versus face-to-face visits.

Methods

We retrospectively studied adults who received care in the outpatient Nephrology & Hypertension division at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, from March to July 2020. We used a standardized survey methodology to evaluate patient satisfaction. The primary outcome was the percent of patients who responded with a score of good (4) or very good (5) on a 5-point Likert scale on survey questions that asked their perspectives on access to their nephrologist, relationship with care provider, their opinions on the telenephrology technology, and their overall assessment of the care received. Wilcoxon rank sum tests and chi-square tests were used as appropriate to compare telenephrology versus face-to-face visits.

Results

3,486 of the patient encounters were face-to-face, 808 phone and 317 video visits. 443 patients responded to satisfaction surveys, and 21% of these had telenephrology encounters. Established patients made up 79.6% of telenephrology visits and 60.9% of face-to-face visits. There was no significant difference in patient perceived access to health care, satisfaction with their care provider, or overall quality of care between patients cared for via telenephrology versus face-to-face. Patient satisfaction was also equally high.

Conclusions

Patient satisfaction was equally high amongst those patients seen face-to-face or via telenephrology.
A novel group of negative-sense RNA viruses associated with epizootics in managed and free-ranging freshwater turtles in Florida, USA
Authors: Waltzek Thomas B. , Stacy Brian A. , Ossiboff Robert J. , Stacy Nicole I. , Fraser William A. , Yan Annie , Mohan Shipra , Koonin Eugene V. , Wolf Yuri I. , Rodrigues Thais C. S. , Viadanna Pedro H. O. , Subramaniam Kuttichantran , Popov Vsevolod L. , Guzman-Vargas Veronica , Shender Lisa A.
Published: March 2022

Few aquatic animal negative-sense RNA viruses have been characterized, and their role in disease is poorly understood. Here, we describe a virus isolated from diseased freshwater turtles from a Florida farm in 2007 and from an ongoing epizootic among free-ranging populations of Florida softshell turtles (Apalone ferox), Florida red-bellied cooters (Pseudemys nelsoni), and peninsula cooters (Pseudemys peninsularis). Affected turtles presented with similar neurological signs, oral and genital ulceration, and secondary microbial infections. Microscopic lesions were most severe in the softshell turtles and included heterophilic/histiocytic meningoencephalitis, multi-organ vasculitis, and cytologic observation of leukocytic intracytoplasmic inclusions. The virus was isolated using Terrapene heart (TH-1) cells. Ultrastructurally, viral particles were round to pleomorphic and acquired an envelope with prominent surface projections by budding from the cell membrane. Viral genomes were sequenced from cDNA libraries of two nearly identical isolates and determined to be bi-segmented, with an ambisense coding arrangement. The larger segment encodes a predicted RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRP) and a putative zinc-binding matrix protein. The smaller segment encodes a putative nucleoprotein and an envelope glycoprotein precursor (GPC). Thus, the genome organization of this turtle virus resembles that of arenaviruses. Phylogenetic analysis shows that the RdRP of the turtle virus is highly diverged from the RdRPs of all known negative-sense RNA viruses and forms a deep branch within the phylum Negarnaviricota, that is not affiliated with any known group of viruses, even at the class level. In contrast, the GPC protein of the turtle virus is confidently affiliated with homologs from a distinct group of fish hantaviruses. Thus, the turtle virus is expected to become the founder of a new taxon of negative-sense RNA viruses, at least with a family rank, but likely, an order or even a class. These viruses probably evolved either by reassortment or by intrasegment recombination between a virus from a distinct branch of negarnaviruses distant from all known groups and a hanta-like aquatic virus. We suggest the provisional name Tosoviridae for the putative new family, with Turtle fraservirus 1 (TFV1) as the type species within the genus Fraservirus. A conventional RT-PCR assay, targeting the TFV1 RdRP, confirmed the presence of viral RNA in multiple tissues and exudates from diseased turtles. The systemic nature of the TFV1 infection was further supported by labeling of cells within lesions using in situ hybridization targeting the RNA of the TFV1 RdRP.
Essential role of hyperacetylated microtubules in innate immunity escape orchestrated by the EBV-encoded BHRF1 protein
Authors: Glon Damien , Vilmen Géraldine , Perdiz Daniel , Hernandez Eva , Beauclair Guillaume , Quignon Frédérique , Berlioz-Torrent Clarisse , Maréchal Vincent , Poüs Christian , Lussignol Marion , Esclatine Audrey
Published: March 2022

Innate immunity constitutes the first line of defense against viruses, in which mitochondria play an important role in the induction of the interferon (IFN) response. BHRF1, a multifunctional viral protein expressed during Epstein-Barr virus reactivation, modulates mitochondrial dynamics and disrupts the IFN signaling pathway. Mitochondria are mobile organelles that move through the cytoplasm thanks to the cytoskeleton and in particular the microtubule (MT) network. MTs undergo various post-translational modifications, among them tubulin acetylation. In this study, we demonstrated that BHRF1 induces MT hyperacetylation to escape innate immunity. Indeed, the expression of BHRF1 induces the clustering of shortened mitochondria next to the nucleus. This “mito-aggresome” is organized around the centrosome and its formation is MT-dependent. We also observed that the α-tubulin acetyltransferase ATAT1 interacts with BHRF1. Using ATAT1 knockdown or a non-acetylatable α-tubulin mutant, we demonstrated that this hyperacetylation is necessary for the mito-aggresome formation. Similar results were observed during EBV reactivation. We investigated the mechanism leading to the clustering of mitochondria, and we identified dyneins as motors that are required for mitochondrial clustering. Finally, we demonstrated that BHRF1 needs MT hyperacetylation to block the induction of the IFN response. Moreover, the loss of MT hyperacetylation blocks the localization of autophagosomes close to the mito-aggresome, impeding BHRF1 to initiate mitophagy, which is essential to inhibiting the signaling pathway. Therefore, our results reveal the role of the MT network, and its acetylation level, in the induction of a pro-viral mitophagy.
Urban risk and crisis communication in post-human cities: A media ecology approach
Authors: Hestdalen Austin
Published: March 2022

Planning and policy leaders often rely on technical expertise and technological advancement to manage urban crises, privileging smart city developments that iron out the complex and contradictory textures of urban experience. Smart cities, as post-human cities, often abstract risk and crisis phenomena from the everyday contexts of communication in which they emerge and inform the historically situated identities of urban stakeholders. Smart city environments are, therefore, biased against the complexities and contradictions of urban media ecologies that create mosaics of experience and more dynamic responses to risk and crisis phenomena. It is found herein that the mosaic identities of urban stakeholders emerge in networks of communication and commerce that contrast the efficiencies of smart city systems and cultivate dialogically complex relations among publics dwelling in urban contexts.
„A helyzet kezelésére a korábbi eszköztárakból a bizalomerősítés lehet a megoldás.”
Authors: Trautmann László , Kovács Zoltán
Published: March 2022

A Mesterséges Intelligencia (MI) és más technológiák jelentős mértékben átalakították a jelenlegi gazdasági és társadalmi rendszereket. E változások értékelése, elemzése, az ehhez szükséges alkalmazkodás vizsgálata alól egyetlen ország sem vonhatja ki magát, hiszen az új technológia feltételezi a részvételt a technológia alkalmazásában. A helyzet jobb megértése érdekében a Honvédelmi Minisztérium átfogó, külső kutatók által támogatott hároméves kutatási programot indított, amelynek vezetője dr. Kovács Zoltán alezredes. Őt kérdeztük a kutatásról.
Magyarországot nem a közepes jövedelmi, hanem a közepes fejlettségi csapda fenyegeti = Hungary is threatened not by the middle-income trap but by the mediumdevelopment trap
Authors: Csath Magdolna
Published: March 2022

A gazdasági csapdahelyzetbe kerülés okainak kutatása hosszú időre tekint vissza. Alapvetően a kutatók azt vizsgálják, hogy milyen fejlődési utakat választanak az egyes országok, és annak következtében, hogy alakul az egy főre jutó GDP értékük. Ha ennek növekedése lelassul vagy stagnálni kezd, akkor azt valószínűsítik, hogy az ország közepes jövedelmi csapdaveszélybe került. Korunkban azonban a GDP mutató már nem méri megbízhatóan egy ország gazdasági-társadalmi működésének eredményességét. A gyorsan változó körülmények között a fejlettségi mutatók alakulása ad megbízhatóbb képet arról, hogy egy ország teljesítménye nemzetközi összehasonlításban javul-e vagy stagnál. Éppen ezért indokolt a fejlettségi csapdaveszélybe kerülés esélyeit kutatni. A cikk széleskörű statisztikai adatelemzésre támaszkodva vizsgálja a V4-ek és közöttük Magyarország fejlettségi mutatóit a versenyképességi listákon vezető helyen lévő EU-s országok fejlettségi mutatóihoz viszonyítva. Az elemzés következtetése, hogy Magyarországot és más V4 országokat is, fejlettségi mutatóik alapján, a fejlettségi csapdába kerülés veszélye fenyegeti, ha nem fordítanak jelentősen többet ezen mutatók értékének javítására. Research in the field of falling into economic trap has a long history. The basic scope of research is the investigation of what development path is chosen by the different countries, and in consequence how will the value of the GDP per capita develop. In case the growth of the GDP per capita value slows down, or stagnate the researchers suggest a potential danger for the country to fall into a middle income gap. Nowadays however the GDP is not any more appropriate for measuring reliably the economic-social performance of a country. In the rapidly changing environment only the development indicators can properly demonstrate in international comparison whether the performance of a country is improving or stagnating. Therefore it is more convincing to measure the potential danger for a country to fall into a development gap. The article examines the development indicators of the V4 countries on a wide statistical basis, and compares them to those of the developed EU countries beiing in leading positions on the competitiveness rankings. The article concludes by proving that if Hungary and other V4 countries do not invest considerably into improving the value of their development indicators they will be at danger to fall into the development trap.
Development and characterization of concentrated and fermented whey beverages
Authors: Souza Rafael Oliveira , Olmi Silva Vanessa Riani , Martins José Manoel , Costa Fabiano Freire , De Sá Leila Francisca Campos , Da Silva Cleuber Raimundo
Published: March 2022

O trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e caracterizar as propriedades físico-químicas, microbiológicas e sensoriais de bebidas concentradas e fermentadas, feitas com soro de leite. Foram utilizados: soro de leite, cultura termofílica liofilizada, sacarose, bicarbonato de sódio e goma xantana. Os tratamentos foram: T1 (soro concentrado e fermentado), T2 (soro concentrado e fermentado adicionado com 8% p/p de sacarose), T3 (soro concentrado e fermentado adicionado com bicarbonato de sódio) e T4 (soro concentrado e fermentado adicionado com 8% p/p de sacarose e bicarbonato de sódio). As preparações foram inoculadas, incubadas (45°C/ácido lático 0,75% v/v) e adicionadas com 0,05% de goma xantana. As bebidas foram submetidas a avaliações físico-químicas, microbiológicas e de aceitabilidade sensorial. As composições físico-químicas encontradas para as bebidas foram: T1 - lactose 9,7%, gordura 2,3% e proteína 2,4%, T2 - lactose 10,6%, gordura 2,0% e proteína 2,8%, T3 - lactose 9,9%, gordura 2,0% e proteína 2,3% e T4 - lactose 10,8%, gordura 2,1% e proteína 2,3%. A caracterização microbiológica indicou o número mais provável (NMP) para coliformes abaixo de 3 NMP/mL nos tratamentos. Os tratamentos T2 e T4 não apresentaram diferença significativa entre si (p 0,05), mas foram mais bem aceitos que os demais tratamentos. A adição de sacarose melhorou a aceitação das bebidas e refletiu positivamente na intenção de compra. As bebidas mostraram-se adequadas ao consumo, dentro das condições avaliadas
case study of student learning spaces during the pandemic
Authors: Griffiths Teri-Lisa , Dickinson Jill , Fletcher Anna
Published: March 2022

Against the backdrop of a dynamic Higher Education (‘HE’) environment and challenges compounded by the Covid-19 pandemic, this ‘on the horizon’ paper will outline initial findings from a study which seeks to explore students' perceptions of their transitions to a blended learning environment. Subsequently, this paper examines two research questions. First, what can be learned from initial findings about students’ perceptions regarding the approaches taken by the Higher Education Institution (‘HEI’) to support the imposed changes to their learning? Second, with a particular focus on spaces, how do students perceive their early experiences of the changes to teaching and assessment necessitated by the pandemic? To achieve the richness of data required, the research adopts a case study approach in focusing on a post 1992 HEI in the North of England. Drawing on the theoretical framework provided by sociomateriality, the paper will offer a reflective voice on the interaction, adjustment, opportunities, and conflicts arising from adapting residential dwellings into learning spaces. The variation in student living situations will be considered in the context of access to HE and student experience. The study draws on creative, photovoice methods to facilitate participant-led discussions in both focus groups and interviews. Illustrative images produced by participants will be included in this paper to add context to the initial analysis. Finally, future directions for the study will be outlined and considered in the context of the ongoing changes in the HE sector.
Early adopters versus the majority: Characteristics and implications for academic development and institutional change
Authors: Dale Vicki Harcus Morgan , McEwan Michael , Bohan Jason
Published: March 2022

The diffusion of innovation curve has become common parlance when considering the adoption of technology-enhanced learning in higher education. Innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority and laggards indicate the different rates of technology adoption. This study explored the views and experiences of staff at one research-led institution within one of four colleges, to determine whether there were differences between the characteristics and digital academic practices of teachers, based on their self-identification as one of the five types in a questionnaire. Subsequently, two focus groups allowed comparisons between early adopters and early majority.

The questionnaire found differences in terms of using a VLE to foster deep thinking through discussion, teachers’ digital practices and attributes, previous engagement with developmental TEL opportunities, perceived level of support from management, and perceived usefulness of CPD events. Focus groups revealed qualitative differences in terms of the amount of time participants invested in learning new technologies, sources of TEL support, preference for different types of academic development, and how they engaged with exemplars in their own or other disciplines.

In addition to recommendations for different types of academic development for different groups, the study highlighted the importance of early adopters in leading digital practice. Institutions need to recognise and support the unique contribution made by early adopters. They contribute to the resilience, agility and digital capabilities of an institution in responding to rapid changes, such as the Covid19 pandemic, in terms of supporting and leading other staff, and prompting the institution to expand its digital education infrastructure.
Inhibition of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 (HER-2) from Pomelo (Citrus maxima) Flavonoid Compounds: an In Silico Approach
Authors: Mutiah Roihatul , Dewi Tanaya Jati Dharma , Suryadinata Arief , Qonita Kesimira
Published: March 2022

Citrus maxima or pomelo is a plant that has potential as an anticancer because it contains flavonoids. One of the targets of breast anticancer receptors is the HER-2 protein. This research aims to determine the anticancer activity, the toxicity of the compound, and the prediction of physicochemical properties of flavonoids contained in Citrus maxima through in silico approach. Flavonoid compounds were screened using SwissADME with Lipinski's rule of five, Torsion, TPSA, and P-Gp Non-Substrate. Compounds that passed the screening were carried out molecular docking to the HER-2 receptor (PDB ID: 3PP0) using the Molegro Virtual Docker (MVD). The HER-2 receptor (GDP ID: 3PP0) was declared valid because it had RMSD<2Å. The results showed that there were 11 flavonoid compounds that passed the screening and had a lower rerank score than the comparison compound Trastuzumab. Toxicity was predicted using the Protox II online tool and the results showed that the flavonoid compounds were in the safe limits, namely classes 5 and 3. Based on this research, it can be concluded that acacetin, diosmetin, honyucitrin, isosinensetin, nobiletin, sinensetin, and tangeretin can be candidates for breast cancer drugs based on natural ingredients.Keywords: breast cancer, Citrus maxima, HER-2, in silico.
Im Bild bleiben
Authors: Weiß Monika , Stollfuß Sven
Published: March 2022

Die Methoden veraltet, die Konzepte unzureichend, die Gegenstände nebulös. In den Augen ihrer Kritiker ist die Medienwissenschaft den aktuellen Anforderungen, die durch die »Neuen Medien« nochmals gestiegen sind, nicht gewachsen. Die jüngsten Debatten haben es deutlich zutage gefördert: Die Medienwissenschaft teilt nicht nur die Krisensymptome ihrer Nachbarfächer, sondern leidet zudem unter spezifischen Strukturproblemen. Ist die junge, einst so erfolgversprechende Disziplin etwa schon vorzeitig gescheitert? Keineswegs. Eine differenzierte, interdisziplinär ausgerichtete Medienwissenschaft, wie sie in diesem Band verfolgt wird, verfügt sehr wohl über das nötige Rüstzeug, um sich aktuellen Fragestellungen erfolgreich anzunehmen. Dass sie darüber hinaus in der Lage ist, neue Forschungsperspektiven aufzuzeigen, unterstreichen die hier versammelten Beiträge.
CO2 sequestration: microalgae genome analysis and its application of effective green source technology
Authors: Ranjith Kumar R , Jency Monika S , Bhavatarini G , Devapriya M. Jeslyn Priscilla
Published: March 2022

Microalgae genome technology for CO2 sequestration is an appropriate vehicle for articulating the importance of the current need and solution for reduction of CO2 at the atmospheric level. In comparison with C4 plants, microalgae have greater capability to fix atmospheric CO2.The rate of CO2 fixation differs in different strains of microalgae. The photosynthetic enzyme RuBisCO is widely responsible for photosynthetic carbon assimilation in all plants including phototrophic algae.The gene rbcL encodes this enzyme. The catalytic activity of carbonic anhydrase achieves the CO2 generation in the RuBisCO. CAH3 gene is essential for generating CO2 concentration for RuBisCO by dehydration of accumulated inorganic carbon. There are also few other microalgae genes which involves for carbon assimilation. Genomic resource databases and several other nucleotide databases are being used for sequencing the microalgal genomes. Even though, recent advances in genomic studies are providing thrust to enhance the research on microalgal species, they are expensive and resources available for microalgal genomic studies are limited. This review article attempts first as a combined revise on microalgae CO2 sequestration in the field of basic science, applied aspects, and the role of specific gene(s) in the algal system is well defined which could be a supportive involvement of carbon dioxide reduction as “Green-Gene Technology”. This Green biotechnology could be used for Global warming reduction as well as creating wealth from the waste through valuable by-products from the selected microalgae strains in future.
Influence of advanced footwear technology on sub-2 hour marathon and other top running performances
Authors: Arderiu Andreu , de Fondeville Raphaël
Published: March 2022

In 2019, Eliud Kipchoge ran a sub-two hour marathon wearing Nike’s Alphafly shoes. Despite being the fastest marathon time ever recorded, it wasn’t officially recognized as race conditions were tightly controlled to maximize his success. Besides, Kipchoge’s use of Alphafly shoes was controversial, with some experts claiming that they might have provided an unfair competitive advantage. In this work, we assess the potential influence of advanced footwear technology and the likelihood of a sub-two hour marathon in official races, by studying the evolution of running top performances from 2001 to 2019 for long distances ranging from 10 km to marathon. The analysis is performed using extreme value theory, a field of statistics dealing with analysis of rare events. We find a significant evidence of performance-enhancement effect with a 10% increase of the probability that a new world record for marathon-men discipline is set in 2021. However, results suggest that achieving a sub-two hour marathon in an official race in 2021 is still very unlikely, and exceeds 10% probability only by 2025.
Modeling, simulation and measurement of radiation exposure using electronic personal dosimeters on realistic and ICRU phantoms
Authors: Fülle D. , Wahl W.
Published: March 2022

Exposure studies with voxel phantoms were carried out to understand the new personal dose measurand Hp(10) measured by personal dosimeters under realistic wearing conditions. Two simulated realistic voxel phantoms and the dosimeter assembly are described in a first step. Conditions such as photon fluence, radiation field geometry, and photon energy for simulating the external photon fields at the realistic model are specified. Person-related effective doses are calculated to evaluate the personal dose. The relation between measured deep personal dose and effective dose is demonstrated and discussed by means of the simulated response function of the dosimeters at realistic phantoms.
Recent trends in radioanalytical purification procedures and application to decommissioning of nuclear facilities
Authors: Schupfner Robert
Published: March 2022

The decommissioning of nuclear facilities demands an optimisation of analytical procedures to determine a variety of radionuclides in a variety of different materials on a wide activity scale ranging from very low to very high activities. Severe analytical problems arise from disadvantageous decay properties of a number of radionuclides. In the following the opportunities and limitations of recently developed analytical and nuclear detection methods are presented which has been applied successfully determining radionuclides like 55Fe, 59Ni, 63Ni, 90Sr, Th, U, Pu, Am, Cm. The applied analytical methods have to fulfil high quality standards including very low lower limits of detection, very high selectivity, sufficient precision and accuracy even in samples containing enhanced amounts of interfering elements. A new powerful tool is the application of collimated in-situ-γ-spectrometry. A recently developed calibration phantom named K-RISK is presented.
SrAl5Pt3 and Sr2Al16Pt9 – two new strontium aluminum platinides
Authors: Engel Stefan , Bönnighausen Judith , Stegemann Frank , Touzani Rachid S. , Janka Oliver
Published: March 2022

During attempts to synthesize new platinides in the ternary system Sr–Al–Pt, single crystals of SrAl5Pt3 and Sr2Al16Pt9 were obtained from a reaction of the elements with the nominal composition Sr4Al13Pt9. Both orthorhombic structures were refined based on single crystal x-ray diffraction data (SrAl5Pt3: Pnma, Wyckoff sequence c
9, a = 2065.04(7), b = 413.74(1), c = 738.98(3) pm, wR2 = 0.0310, 867 F
2 values, 56 variables; Sr2Al16Pt9: Immm, Wyckoff sequence l
4
j
2
ihga, a = 416.69(2), b = 1193.53(6), c = 1832.38(9) pm, wR2 = 0.0517, 671 F
2 values, 49 variables); full atomic ordering was observed in both cases. In order to analyze the bonding situation of these new platinides, quantum-chemical calculations were conducted. According to density functional theory both compounds are polar intermetallics with high negative charges on the Pt atoms and covalently bonded [Al5Pt3]/[Al16Pt9] networks showing strong Pt–Al alongside of weak Al–Al and Pt–Pt bonding.
Entscheidungsunterstützung im Produktionsmanagement
Authors: Müller Kai , Buschmann Daniel , Cramer Simon , Enslin Chrismarie , Fischer Markus , Janke Tim , Kemmerling Marco , Pelzer Lukas , Pourbafrani Mahsa , Samsonov Vladimir , Schlegel Peter , Schmitz Seth , Schopen Marco , Schmitt Robert , Gries Thomas
Published: March 2022

Den Kern des Exzellenzclusters Internet of Production bildet die domänen- und disziplinübergreifende Forschung in der Produktionstechnik. Der Fokus der Gruppe Short-Term Production Management liegt dabei insbesondere auf der Erhöhung von Entscheidungsqualität und -geschwindigkeit im Produktionsumfeld durch die datenbasierte Unterstützung der Anwender:innen. Dazu werden geeignete, kontextspezifische Daten aus Entwicklung, Produktion und Anwendung in Echtzeit und mit angemessener Granularität bereitgestellt, zusammengeführt und analysiert.
Schadensdiagnose an angetriebenen Werkzeugen mittels MEMS-Sensorik
Authors: Brecher Christian , Neus Stephan , Christoffers Daniel
Published: March 2022

Kernthema des vorliegenden Beitrags ist die Schadensdiagnose von angetriebenen Werkzeugen mittels MEMS- (Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems) und Piezo-Sensoren. Mithilfe beider Typen werden verschlissene angetriebene Werkzeuge untersucht. Es steht zum einen die Frage im Raum, ob MEMS-Sensoren generell vergleichbare Ergebnisse wie die teureren Piezo-Sensoren liefern. Zum anderen wird untersucht, wie sich unterschiedliche Werkzeuge auf die Signalqualität auswirken. Es zeigt sich, dass der untersuchte MEMS-Ansatz ähnliche Effekte wie der Piezo-Sensor erfasst. Zudem zeigt sich ein Einfluss der Werkzeugmasse und -geometrie. So unterscheiden sich die Amplituden je nach Werkzeug um bis zu 200 Prozent.
Planung von Assistenzsystemen für die industrielle Montage
Authors: Petzoldt Christoph , Keiser Dennis , Schöbel Nils , Freitag Michael
Published: March 2022

Aufgrund der zunehmenden Variantenvielfalt in der industriellen Montage spielen informatorische Assistenzsysteme eine immer stärkere Rolle zur kognitiven Unterstützung von Mitarbeitenden sowie zur Qualitätssicherung innerhalb von Montageprozessen. Ergänzend bieten physische Assistenzsysteme Potenziale zur Entlastung von Mitarbeitenden bei monotonen und ergonomisch ungünstigen Tätigkeiten. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Vorgehensmodell zur anforderungsorientierten Planung von Montageassistenzsystemen vorgeschlagen und evaluiert, welches – ausgehend von einer methodischen Bedarfserfassung – eine systematische Auswahl von notwendigen Assistenzfunktionen ermöglicht.
Optimierung der Lieferfähigkeit und Feinplanung
Authors: Kemmner Götz-Andreas
Published: March 2022

Bei Aufgabenstellungen des Supply Chain Managements, wie z. B. bedarfsorientierte Sicherheitsbestandsberechnungen oder die Produktionsfeinplanung gegen begrenzte Ressourcen, sind die Variablen so vielfältig, dass konventionelle Berechnungsmethoden – selbst wenn sie vollautomatisch mit voller Datencenter-Rechenleistung angegangen werden – einfach zu viel Zeit in Anspruch nehmen. Künstliche Intelligenz kann in wesentlich kürzerer Zeit bessere Ergebnisse liefern.
Legitimizing Putin’s Regime
Authors: Malinova Olga
Published: March 2022

This article follows the transformations of the official narrative about Russia’s post-Soviet transition over 20 years of Putin’s stay in power. To detect how the gradual evolution of political regime toward authoritarianism was legitimized, it focuses on comparison of concise narratives articulated in the Presidential Addresses to the Federal Assembly between 2000 and 2020. The method of research is computer-assisted qualitative content analysis. The article reveals how the declared stages of modern Russia’s development correlated with the evolving representations of the West. The initial goals of establishing democracy, the market economy, and the rule of law over time were either reinterpreted or dissolved into minor practical tasks. The most often articulated policy goal was raising the people’s living standards, which was narrated as overcoming the trauma of the collapse of the Soviet Union and the hard 1990s. In the Addresses, Russia became represented as a country that completed its transition between 2012 and 2018, with restoring its international positions and military strength, as well as resources for better social welfare. The “democratic society” was declared to be instituted; however, this term was associated with formal elections and facilitating civic participation, not with the alternation and accountability of power.
Against Putin and Corruption, for Navalny and the “Revolution”?
Authors: Fomin Ivan , Nadskakuła-Kaczmarczyk Olga
Published: March 2022

This article seeks to provide a better understanding of the dynamics of the nationwide protests that appeared in Russia as a result of the large-scale political campaigns of 2017–18. On the basis of an original database devoted to six protests, organized in this period by different anti-systemic opposition leaders and organizations, the study explores the turnout and geographic scope of these events and the repertoire of frames that were used to mobilize the protesters. The analysis contrasts three types of frames (an anti-corruption protest frame, election campaign event frame, and anti-systemic protest frame) and demonstrates that appropriate framing was a necessary condition of successful protest mobilization. In combination with other factors, such as the quality of protest organization and the impact of repressive actions of the authorities, the changes of protest frames contributed to the protests’ turnout dynamics. Alexei Navalny, the most popular anti-systemic leader, succeeded in organizing the initial mobilization by framing it as an anti-corruption protest, but then, under increasing repression, the opposition failed to convert this dissent into a longer-term campaign with broader electoral or anti-systemic frames.
The magnetic properties dependence on temperature of Li-ferrite nanoparticle
Authors:   Al-Karkh University of science/ Department of registrations / Baghdad / Iraq/, Al-Dharob M. H. , Abdulmajeed I. M. ,   University of Baghdad/ College of Science / Department of Physics / Baghdad / Iraq, Taha A. H. ,   Koya University/ Faculty of Science and Health/ Department of Physics/ Kurdistan region/ Iraq, AL-Shakarchi E. K. ,   Al-Nahrain University/ College of Science / Department of Physics / Baghdad / Iraq, Elouadi B. ,   Polyscience and Technology/ La Rochelle University/ La Rochelle / France/
Published: March 2022

The chemical formula Li0.5Fe2.5O4 of lithium ferrite prepared by two different chemical methods mentioned as low temperature solid state reaction (LTSSR) and modified combustion method (MCM). The samples showed nanoparticle scale with spinal structure. The magnetic analyses have done by the vibrating sample magnetometer VSM device, and both samples have the same magnetic properties represented by the magnetic saturation, remanence magnetization, and coercive magnetic field. The shape of hysteresis loop showed a soft ferrite and its area decreased with temperature increasing. On the other hand, the magnetic susceptibility decreased with increasing temperature for both samples of ferrite Li0.5Fe2.5O4 prepared. The sample of LTSSR exhibited a magnetic moment of about 0.410-3 JT-1 at applied magnetic field 50 kOe which is approaching the same for the sample prepared by MCM method.
Association of serum stromal cell-derived factor 1 levels with EZSCAN score and its derived indicators in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Liu Wang-shu , Hua Ling-yan , Zhu Su-xiang , Xu Feng , Wang Xue-qin , Lu Chun-feng , Su Jian-bin , Qi Feng
Published: March 2022

Background

The aim of the study was to explore whether plasma stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) levels are associated with the EZSCAN score and its derived indicators in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods

From July 2020 to December 2020, a total of 253 patients with T2D were consecutively recruited. Serum SDF-1 levels were measured by sandwich ELISA. EZSCAN test was applied to evaluate the sudomotor function of each patient, and based on the results, EZSCAN score, cardiac autonomic neuropathy risk score (CANRS) and cardiovascular risk score (CVDRS) were calculated by particular algorithms. In addition, other relevant clinical data were also collected.

Results

With increasing tertiles of serum SDF-1 levels, the CANRS and CVDRS significantly increased (both Pfor trend <0.001), while the EZSCAN score significantly decreased (Pfor trend <0.001). Moreover, serum SDF-1 levels were significantly and positively correlated with the CANRS and CVDRS (r = 0.496 and 0.510, respectively, both P  < 0.001), and negatively correlated with the EZSCAN score (r = −0.391, P  < 0.001). Furthermore, multivariate linear regression analyses were constructed, and after adjusting for other clinical covariates, serum SDF-1 levels were independently responsible for EZSCAN score (β = −0.273, t = −3.679, P  < 0.001), CANRS (β = 0.334, t = 5.110, P  < 0.001) and CVDRS (β = 0.191, t = 4.983, P  = 0.003).

Conclusions

SDF-1 levels in serum were independently associated with the EZSCAN score and its derived indicators, such as CANRS and CVDRS in patients with T2D.
Placental vascularization in middle and late gestation in the pig
Authors: Fiorimanti Mariana Rita , Cristofolini Andrea Lorena , Moreira-Espinoza María José , Rabaglino Maria Belén , Barbeito Claudio Gustavo , Merkis Cecilia Inés
Published: March 2022

The aims of this study were to determine the changes in the capillary area density in relation to fetal development, to determine immunoexpression of angiogenic factors and to compare their mRNA expression throughout pig gestation. Samples were collected from the maternal-chorioallantoic interface at days 40, 77, 85 and 114 of pregnancy for immunohistochemistry analysis and the measurement of mRNA expression of VEGFA, ANGPT1, ANGPT2, FGF2 and its receptors KDR, TEK, FGFR1, FGFR2 respectively. Morphometric measurement of blood vessels was performed. We found a significant increase in capillary area density throughout gestation (P < 0.05). On the maternal side, at day 77, we observed a significant increase in the number of vessels from small vascular areas (P < 0.05) and the vascular area was significantly higher on day 85 (P < 0.05). On the fetal side, the number of vessels and the vascular area increased between days 40 and 77 (P < 0.05) and between days 77 and 114 (P < 0.05), respectively. Immunohistochemical findings revealed intense VEGFA staining and a trend for increased expression towards the end of gestation (P < 0.05). We also demonstrated a high VEGFA, FGF2, FGFR1, ANGPT1 and ANGPT2 mRNA expression at day 77 (P < 0.05). In conclusion, our findings suggest that an active angiogenesis would be present even until late-middle gestation at day 77 of pregnancy with the predominance of angiogenic stimulation by VEGFA / KDR, FGF2 / FGFR1 and a balance between ANGPT1 and ANGPT2/ TEK.