bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence in Early Science Fiction and Films: A Literary Exploration
Authors: Pattnaik Avisek ,   Research Scholar, Dept of Humanities  VSSUT, Burla, Padhi *Dr. Prasanta Kumar ,   Asst. Professor, Dept of Humanities VSSUT, Burla
Published: July 2024

The early science fiction and films have been deeply fascinated using Artificial Intelligence (AI). This abstract basically adhered by exploring AI which usually acts as a catalyst in early science fiction and films. And this study depicts the development of AI concepts and societal implications in various works and highlights their lasting influence with respect to Artificial Intelligence. We can trace out the emergence of AI in early science fiction and films in the early 19th century, which played a pivotal role in shaping fiction in a different way. Writers like Mary Shelly, in her novel “Frankenstein” (1818) and Karel Capek, with his work “R.U.R” (1920), enhanced audiences to the idea of creating artificial life, raising questions about the moral and ethical entanglement of playing God. We can also witness in the most iconic film “Metropolis” (1927) which was well directed by Fritz Lang which featured the character Maria, a robot; indeed, offering a glimpse of fear and fascination engaging AI. The portrayal of Maria created a lasting image of AI in a gracious manner as well as a potential threat, reflecting the anxieties of a rapidly industrializing world. Films like “Forbidden Planet” which presents Robby the robot and in Stanley Kubrick’s “2001: A space Odyssey” (1968) introduces HAL 9000 a sentinel AI, these presentations symbolize AI’s potential to assist and interact with humans in a different manner. In a drastic and dramatic manner, the literary exploration of AI in early science fiction and films offers invaluable insights into the origins of AI narratives and their enduring impact on our understanding of artificial intelligence. And these early works in the 90’s serve as a foundational text in the ongoing discourse about AI’s role in society and the responsibilities that come with the development. Key Words: futuristic, implications, ethical considerations, explorations
A REVIEW ON: “FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ORANGE PEEL HERBAL FACE WASH”
Authors: DESHMUKH SHARVARI S ,   SSJP’s Ojas College of Pharmacy, Ambewadi, Rewgaon Road, Jalna – 431203
Published: July 2024

The aim of the study is to formulate face wash using natural ingredients. The aim of this study is to create and assess the herbal products, face wash that uses natural components to promote glowing skin. Everyone aspires to have lovely, light skin. Because natural medicines are thought to be safer and have less adverse effects than synthetic ones, they are more widely accepted. The study's findings provided scientific confirmation that a herbal face wash had the capacity to effectively brighten skin. Because of the entire study's beneficial effects on people, it can be used to support claims made about products.
Development of a Robotic Arm with Vision-Based Pick and Place Functionality
Authors: Murthy Jayanthi K ,   Associate Professor, Electronics and Communication Engineering, BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a robotic arm system equipped with both manual and automated control capabilities, facilitated by an Arduino Uno microcontroller and various peripheral modules. The robotic arm is constructed using three SG90 and three MG996R servo motors, providing multi-degree-of-freedom movement for precise manipulation tasks. Integration of an HC- 05 Bluetooth module enables wireless communication, allowing remote control and programming flexibility. A key feature of our system is its vision-based pick and place functionality, enabled by the inclusion of an OV7670 camera module. Utilizing image processing algorithms, the camera captures real- time footage of the arm's surroundings, facilitating object recognition and localization. This enables autonomous operation, where the arm can identify and manipulate objects based on predefined criteria. The versatility of our robotic arm system makes it suitable for a wide range of applications, including industrial automation, educational purposes, and research endeavours. By combining mechanical design, electronics, and software development, we demonstrate a comprehensive approach to the creation of intelligent robotic systems. Key Words: Robotic Arm, 6-DOF, Image Recognition
Peak To Average Power Ratio (PAPR) Reduction Technique Using Selective Mapping in OFDM System
Authors: S Nandini ,   Department of ECE, BGS Institute of Technology, Adichunchanagiri University, B. G. Nagara, Karnataka, India.
Published: July 2024

OFDM is an excellent, interference-free multicarrier modulation technique that is very efficient with the available spectrum. When practical power amplifiers are employed at the transmitter, the high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of OFDM systems causes power inefficiency and signal distortion, which is a significant disadvantage. A distortion-free method that successfully lowers PAPR without sacrificing data speed or using more power is called selective mapping (SLM). The results of the simulation indicate that the suggested SLM strategy minimises PAPR more successfully. Keywords: peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), complementary CDF (CCDF), selective mapping (SLM), and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM).
The Nawawi al-Bantani's Hadith Thought in Tanqih al-Qaul al-Hatsits fi Syarh Lubab al-Hadits
Authors: 'Azima Muhammad Fauzhan , Nur Zunaidi
Published: July 2024

Nawawi al-Bantani is known as a great scholar from Banten, on the west coast of Java who has expertise in various Islamic disciplines, including hadith science. This paper explores Nawawi al-Bantani's thoughts in the field of hadith science as contained in his book, namely the book Tanqih al-Qaul al-Hatsits fi Syarh Lubab al-Hadits. The book Tanqih al-Qaul is a book written by al-Bantani to lecture on the content of the book Lubab al-Hadits by as-Suyuthi. Although it is a type of syarah book, the book of Tanqih al-Qaul not only contains lectures on the hadiths in the book Lubab al-Hadits, but also contains al-Bantani's own thoughts as the author of the book Tanqih al-Qaul, in the field of hadith science.  The research method used in this paper is a qualitative method with the type of library research. Meanwhile, as a data analysis knife, an analytical descriptive method is used with the type of analysis used, namely critical analysis.  The results of the study show that the thinking of al-Bantani hadith is: the ability to use dha'if hadith in terms of fadhail al-a'mal and not in the field of law and creed, the importance of sanad for the validity of hadith narration, as well as the explanation of the definitions of basic terms in hadith science which include shahih, isnad, sanad, and matan. Al-Bantani's thinking in the field of hadith science also shows his independence from as-Suyuthi. This means that al-Bantani not only re-copied all the thoughts of as-Suyuthi in the book Lubab al-Hadits, but also gave rise to his own thoughts.
Yeni BİRLİK Dergisi: Türk Milliyetçiliğinin Dönemsel Yansımaları ve İdeolojik Söylemler
Authors: Sekman Nimet
Published: July 2024

Yeni BİRLİK Dergisi, Türkiye'de milliyetçilik anlayışını derinlemesine ele alan bir yayın organıdır. Öncülüğünü yaptığı bir önceki Orkun dergisinin devamı niteliğinde bir yayın organı olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu önceki dergi, belli bir ideolojik çizgiyi benimsemiş ve bu çizgi üzerinden bir takım sosyo-politik tartışmalara ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Derginin çıkarıldığı dönemin siyasi şartlarına baktığımızda, Türkiye, ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde birçok değişiklik ve dönüşüm sürecinin içerisindedir. Bu süreçte, milliyetçilik anlayışı ülkenin siyasi ve toplumsal gündemini şekillendiren önemli bir tematik olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Dergi, ırkçılık ve Türk milliyetçiliği temalarını, dönemin siyasi ve sosyal bağlamıyla uyumlu bir şekilde işlemiştir. Özellikle Türk milliyetçiliğinin, ülkenin ulusal ve uluslararası politikalarındaki yerini, dergi üzerinden detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmıştır. Sosyalizm karşıtı söylemler, derginin en belirgin özelliklerinden biridir. Dergi, sosyalizm karşıtı söylemleri, hem ideolojik bir perspektiften ele almış hem de dönemin toplumsal ve siyasi bağlamında sosyalizmin Türkiye'deki yansımalarını kritik bir gözle değerlendirmiştir. Dergi içerisinde, birçok yazarın önemli alıntılarına rastlanmaktadır. Bu alıntılar, derginin ideolojik çizgisini ve tematik odaklanmasını daha iyi anlamamıza olanak tanımaktadır. Bu araştırmada Yeni BİRLİK dergisi, içerik ve konuları bakımından incelenerek verdiği mesajlar ve dönemin milliyetçilik hareketleri içerisindeki konumu ortaya konulmaya çalışılacaktır.
Türk Resim Sanatında Geometrik Soyutlamanın Temelleri ve Erol Akyavaş’ın Eserlerine Yansımaları
Authors: Angay Ercan , Çakar Nurtaç
Published: July 2024

Sanatın oluşum süreci tamamen içsel bir arayış veya ifade etme gücünün estetik bir kaygıyla hayat bulmasıdır diyebiliriz. Estetik değerler temelinde yansıtılan sanat, birçok evreden geçmiş, son noktada eserin üzerinde bir etkiyle sanatçının ruhsal ve içsel durumu dikkate alınarak bir yorum kazanmıştır. Soyut sanat algısı, içsel ve ruhsal yönü itibariyle, insanda sonsuz bir hayal dünyasına yolculuk imkânı sunarak, güçlü bir ifade şekline öncülük etmiştir. Batı Resim sanatında Soyut sanatın öncü isimleri arasında yer alan Kandinsky, Mondrian, Maleviçh ve Klee gibi sanatçılar incelenmiş, kavramsal anlamda etkilenmiş oldukları Teosofi düşünce yapısı araştırılarak etkilendikleri noktalar tespit edilmiştir. Birçok düşünce yapısını içinde barındıran Teosofi öğretileri, Tasavvuf düşünceleriyle karşılaştırılıp, Türk resim sanatında geleneksel anlayışa çağdaş bir yaklaşımla ifade kazandırmış olan, Erol Akyavaş’ ın sanat anlayışı incelenmiştir.
Mevlana’da İranî Kültürel Motifler
Authors: Polat Mahmut
Published: July 2024

Mevlana’nın din anlayışı çoğulcu, kuşatıcı, sevgi temellidir. O insanlara, farklı kültürlere hoşgörüyle bakmış, onlardaki güzel ve yararlı bulduğu yönleri görmezden gelmemiştir. Farsça konuşan toplulukların zamanla Müslüman oluşu nedeniyle dönemin Fars edebiyatı, kültürü İslamîleşmiştir. Mevlana, eserlerinde Farsça kullandığından dolayı İranî ve Mecusî/Zerdüştî kökenli dinî, teolojik, edebî kavramlarla, sembollerle meramını ifade etmiş ve betimlemelerde bu unsurlara sıkça yer vermiştir. O eserlerinde Zerdüştîler tarafından da benimsenen İranî mitolojik, tarihî kahraman ve şahsiyetleri de eserlerinde işlemiştir. Bunda da dinen ve kültürel açıdan bir beis görmemiştir. Mevlana, Mecusîliğin/Zerdüştîliğin dinsel açıdan taşıdığı özsel hakikat yönünü göz ardı etmemiş, çelişkili, yanlış olarak gördüğü anlayış ve tutumları da eleştirmiştir.
Sinema İzleyicisinden Sinema Kullanıcısına; Seyretmenin Kısa Tarihçesi
Authors: Uğur Ufuk , Çanğa Bayer Elif
Published: July 2024

Bu çalışma, seyir kültürünün kısa tarihçesine sinema alanı özelinde yaklaşmaktadır. Öncelikle, sinema izleyicisinin sinema öncesi dönemdeki bireysel izleme pratiklerinin kitlesel izleme pratiklerine nasıl dönüştüğü açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Erken dönemde hareketli görüntünün deneyimlenmesini sağlayan ilk araçlar kısıtlı seyirlik tekniklere sahiptir. Sinema öncesi dönemde büyülü fener, gölge oyunları ve çeşitli oyuncaklar ile deneyimlenen harekete dair merak, sinemanın icadından sonra geniş kitlelerde kendini göstermektedir. Özellikle kitlesel seyirlik halini almaya başladığı dönemden itibaren sinemanın kültürel, ideolojik ve ticari getirileri teknolojik gelişmelerle ilerletilmiş ve sinemanın evrelerini belirlemiştir. Sinemanın eğlendirme yönü ideolojileri iletme özelliği ile birleştiğinde, iktidarların ideolojik bir aygıt olarak sinemadan faydalanmalarını ve ticari çıkar ilişkilerinin bu yapıya dahil olmalarını sağlamıştır. Endüstrileşen sinemanın yeni iletim araçları, izleyicinin farklı şekillerde konumlandırmasına sebep olmuştur. Sinemadan kitlesel seyirlerle verim alan endüstri, ilerleyen zamanda bireysel uygulamalara yönelik yeni araçlardan teknoloji dolayımı ile faydalanmıştır. İlk dönemlerdeki mekanik gelişmelerin yerini alan teknolojik ilerleme ise dijital kültürü doğurmuştur. Gelinen aşamada ise seyirciden kullanıcıya dönüşen toplum bireyleri kendine üretici bir konum yaratma eğilimindedir. Makale tarihsel sürecin, sinema seyircisini farklı şekillerde nasıl konumlandırdığını tartışmaktadır.
Bahtiyâr-nâme Kullanılan Deyimlerin Öge Kullanımı ve Kelime Gruplarına Göre Sınıflandırılması
Authors: Sevinçli Veysi , Akman Hami
Published: July 2024

Bahtiyâr-nâme, dil açısından Eski Anadolu Türkçesi özelliklerini gösterse de içerisinde barındırdığı pek çok Arapça ve Farsça kelimenin varlığı sebebi ve de Pir Mahmûd’un bir dîvân şâiri olarak gösterilmesi, eserin bir divan şiiri olarak kabul edilmesine yol açmıştır. Ancak belli başlı eserlerde onun bir divan şairi olduğuna dair herhangi bir bilgiye rastlanmamıştır. Manzûm olan söz konusu eserin bugüne kadar tek nüshası dışında başka bir nüshasına ulaşmak mümkün olmamıştır. Bahtiyâr-nâme’nin, içinde barındırdığı birçok özelliğinin yanında; dikkati çeken hususiyetlerinden biri de zengin bir deyim varlığına sahip olmasıdır. Bu çalışmada söz konusu eserde yer alan deyimler, detaylı bir şekilde ele alınmış ve bunlar ögeler ve kelime gruplarıyla kullanılışlarına göre olmak üzere başlıca iki ana başlıkta toplanmıştır. Ögelerle kullanımına göre deyimlerde, nesne + fiil bağlantısıyla (99), yer tamlayıcısı + fiil bağlantısıyla (59), özne + fiil (26) ve zarf + fiil bağlantısıyla kurulanlar (26) sayısal fazlalıklarıyla dikkat çekmektedir. Kelime gruplarıyla kullanılışları bakımından ise deyimlere; isim tamlaması, sıfat tamlaması, isnat grubu, edat grubu ve tekrar grubu gibi kalıplarda tesadüf edilmektedir.
Discussing Social Media Using Affordance of Young Chinese Ethnic Minority Group Users
Authors: Li Lifu , Kang Kyeong
Published: July 2024

The study explores young Chinese ethnic minority group (EMG) users’ social media using affordance for engagement when they engage in intercultural contact on social media platforms. Grounded on the affordances theory, the relationships between influencing factors and using affordance have been presented in the research framework. Through interviewing fourteen EMG participants, critical findings in this paper have also been discussed in the final section, such as young Chinese EMG users who understand the original language supporting multi-language engagement, focusing on cultural content and following EMG influencers. Based on the comparison among various influencing factors, several suggestions have been provided for social media platform designers and related departments.
Politics of a cell
Authors: Sengupta Saubhik
Published: July 2024

The world is divided into countries, countries into states, states into districts, and districts into administrative blocks. The governanceand success of a country also is defined by global affairs, the functioning of its neighbours, the inputs it receives from outside and howit accommodates and adjusts accordingly. Similarly, if we consider the human body as a country, it is constantly in exposure to theenvironment and its changes, and is built up of systems that are developed by organs and organs are subdivided into tissues and tissuesare made up of cells. This complex degree of organization gives rise to the physiology and / or pathology or an individual.
Prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorder: a potential threat to clay doll making sculptors
Authors: Basu Sunanda , Das Sananda , Dey Arindam , Paul Goutam , Sahu Subhashis
Published: July 2024

Background: Sculpture is one of traditional art forms of the Indian subcontinent that are made entirely by hand or with some primitive toolsfrom local and natural raw materials without using modern machines. However, these sculptors complain about work-related physicalpain, respiratory difficulties, noise-induced hearing difficulties, fatigue, and stress. They are compelled to work long hours because mostsmall enterprises fail to recruit the required workforce. Objective: The study's goal is to examine musculoskeletal pain caused by awkwardposture and long periods of labor, as well as possible solutions. Methods: This study took place in Ghurni, Krishnanagar; district Nadia,in West Bengal. Fifty sculptors and thirty non-sculptors of similar socio-economic backgrounds participated in this study. The ModifiedNordic Musculoskeletal Disorder and the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire were used to collect the data. Student t-testwas employed for statistical processing. Results: Analysis revealed that sculptors suffered mostly from musculoskeletal disorders. Thesculptors raised maximum complaints about the pain from the shoulder and lower back. Conclusion: Based on the investigation andcomplaints, work posture and workstation modification is required. The design of a newly developed ergonomic workstation and itsusability is proposed for review.
A community based comparative study on menopausal health issues of urban and rural women of tripura, North-east india
Authors: Pal Sudipta
Published: July 2024

Background: Menopause health issues may differ in diverse socioeconomic groups and among the urban and rural populations. Objectives:The present cross-sectional study was carried out on a small population of urban and rural menopausal women from Tripura, a Stateof North-East India, to evaluate the average age of menopause and to examine prevalence and variations in menopausal featuresbetween the rural and urban women above the age of 40 years. Methods: Data on socio-demographic variables, reproductive historyand menopausal symptoms were collected from 400 menopausal women of Tripura by questionnaire method. Observation: Variationsin menopausal symptoms among rural and urban women were observed. Muscle and joint pain were the most common symptoms inrural (86%) and urban (80%) women, and 32% of both groups reported having breast pain. Hot flushes followed it, sleep disturbancesand night sweating. Due to lack of awareness, the majority of rural women thought that menopausal symptoms are very natural andneed not require any attention until severe complications arise. Conclusion: Such regional studies thus helped to corroborate data withhealth status of menopausal women and also created awareness among middle-aged women regarding self-care for better managementof their menopausal discomforts.
High-casein diet restores the redox balance in the liver and pancreatic health of mice when exposed to radiation during call mode from mobile phones
Authors: Biswas Prerona , Bhattacharya Debajyoti , Gangopadhyay Somnath , Sikdar (née Bhakta Mausumi
Published: July 2024

Introduction: The current lives of human beings cannot be imagined without cellular phones and electronic gadgets. Still, the probabilityof being exposed to their harmful radiation is unabated which demands an immediate intervention to shield humankind from beingaffected by using such devices. In our current investigation, we aimed to check the role of a high-casein diet as a protective measureagainst the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) emerging from mobile phones on hepatic and pancreatic systemsMethods: Swiss albino mice (n=24) were fed on a standard laboratory diet (ND; n=12) and an isocaloric high-casein diet (HCD; n=12).Six mice from each dietary group were exposed to mobile phone radiation for 3 hours/day within a 3 months span. Histopathologicalalterations were studied in hepatic and pancreatic tissues by using Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-hematoxylin and routine H&E stainingmethods. Biochemical evaluation of total serum protein, lipid profile and glucose, total glutathione, oxidized glutathione, and antioxidantenzymatic activities of hepatic tissues were performed. Results: Hyperglycemia was noticeable along with a reduced number and areaof islets of Langerhans in radiation-exposed mice when compared to other groups. This was supported by the observation of depletedglycogen reserves in their liver. Additionally, distorted hepatic morphology with nuclear degeneration was suggestive of apoptoticprogression. The total glutathione pool was reduced on radiation exposure, hint at redox imbalance. HCD was competent in preservingthe normal pancreas and liver functioning in radiation-exposed mice.
Mitochondrial microprotein PIGBOS1 is possibly associated with cellular calcium homeostasis and neuro-protection
Authors: Seemanti Aditya , Bera Amal K.
Published: July 2024

Background: Calcium ion (Ca2+) plays a vital role in many physiological processes like memory formation, cell-cell communication,secretion, neurotransmission, cell survival, and death. The concerted activities of several transporters and ion channels maintain anoptimum concentration of Ca2+ inside the cell. Disruption of calcium homeostasis may cause abnormal protein aggregation, leading toseveral neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Objective: Several pieces of evidence indicatethat altered calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are intimately related to the development of PD.PIGBOS1, a recently discovered mitochondrial microprotein, has been shown to play an essential role in ER stress response through itsinteraction with an ER-resident chloride channel CLCC1. Materials and Methods: In the present study, we investigated the role of PIGBOS1in cellular calcium homeostasis by monitoring Ca2+ dynamics in the ER, cytoplasm, and mitochondria using genetically encoded Ca2+indicators. Results: In the resting state, PIGBOS1-overexpressed HEK-293T cells exhibited a higher level of basal Ca2+ in the ER. Further,cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca2+ rise following ionomycin/ histamine treatment was higher in PIGBOS1-overexpressed cells. Conclusion:Taken together, it implies that PIGBOS1 is an integral part of the cellular Ca2+ signaling network. We have discussed the possible role ofPIGBOS1 in neurodegenerative diseases like PD.
A novel unified model of fetal hemoglobin induction by pharmacological agents: An in silico approach
Authors: Paul Sanjay Kumar , Haldar Rajen
Published: July 2024

In β-thalassemia patients or in patients of sickle cell disease (SCD), the presence of mutant β globin gene is the absolute cause for alpha-beta globin chain imbalance, resulting in severe anemia in them. This condition can be ameliorated by inducing the production of γ globin chain which is mainly expressed in the fetus and thereby producing the fetal hemoglobin (α2γ2) in adults. In normal adults, usually a very low amount of fetal hemoglobin is present, since the transcription of the γ globin gene is gradually repressed as the development progresses. However, several pharmacological agents have been reported to derepress the γ globin gene transcription or induce fetal hemoglobin, but the precise molecular mechanism underlying this potential is yet to clear. Here, we have performed a bioinformatic study with a specific aim of revealing the molecular pathways involved in fetal hemoglobin induction following exposure to hydroxyurea – the only FDA approved drug for this purpose. Microarray gene expression data from bone marrow samples of rats exposed to hydroxyurea have been analyzed through bioinformatic methods which revealed that a novel signal transduction pathway downstream to G-protein coupled neurotransmitter receptors is possibly involved. Along with that several other pathways which were reported in earlier studies also found to be activated and interrelated. Combining these findings and linking the identified molecular pathways we have formulated a comprehensive model of fetal hemoglobin induction by pharmacological agents. We hope this model would light up the way for the development of targeted drugs for thalassemia and SCD.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Physiology
Authors: Sarbadhikari Suptendra Nath
Published: July 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is threatening to pervade all domains and Physiology or Medicine is no exception. There are two ways that we can look at it: (i) AI applications being used to understand and modify physiological functions, and (ii) Understanding (neuro)physiology well to apply the principles for improving algorithms that power AI applications. Across multiple biological systems in human physiology, AI can integrate with traditional diagnostic tests in medicine, and AI can sometimes determine additional findings missed by traditional diagnostic tests. Many intelligent healthcare systems are now being used for automated and real-time patient monitoring.  The obvious question is whether automated AI applications will replace human physiologists or not. The answer is that physiologists using AI will replace physiologists not using AI, since computer plus brain is greater than either alone. Also, we need to be concerned about the ethical issues related to the use of AI in physiology and medicine.
Role of melatonin as a protective antioxidant in the amelioration of oxidative stress mediated tissue injury: a new vision for futuristic medicine
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Debasish
Published: July 2024

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxy tryptamine) is ubiquitous in almost every creature; diatoms, bacteria, plants, and animals. During thecourse of organic evolution, melatonin (a pineal secretory product in vertebrates and mammals, including humans) never changed itsstructure and thus remain conserved as an ancient molecule in nature. Since discovery of the antioxidant properties of melatonin byDr. Dun-Xian Tan in 1993, its antioxidative efficacy in various situations of oxidative stress in plants, animals and humans has been wellestablished. It is clear that melatonin has evolved much earlier than other antioxidants. Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and consequential myocardial infarction (MI) is a health problem of global concern and its ubiquitous prevalence is increasing worldwide annually. The involvement of oxidative stress in myocardial ischemia has long been recognized around the globe. Moreover, the prescribed medicines for cardiac tissue well-being sometimes became detrimental for gastric epithelium. Though endogenous gastric melatonin plays a protective role in offering protection to the entire gastric system, stress-mediated challenged melatonin level brings about threats to the gastric system. Mitigation of oxidative stress in the myocardium and gastric system as well, by antioxidants, may play an effective role in protection and the results of our studies carried out through several years have revealed that melatonin offers extensive protection toward the said systems when subjected to stress by physiological as well as synthetic molecules. Further, we have extrapolated our studies to check whether its protective action is extended toward erythrocytes, the first exposed cellular system to various exogenous and endogenous stressors. Moreover, melatonin was also found to exhibit cardio-protection when ISO aggravated high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress-mediated myocardial onslaught. Our studies revealed the association of a unique pathway in cardio-protection by melatonin. These findings further strengthen the role of melatonin as a cardio-protective antioxidant with no or minimal side effects, recognized globally and having immense future therapeutic relevance
Neutralization of TGF-β in combination with IL-6 ameliorates septic arthritis by altering RANKL/OPG interaction in murine lymphocytes
Authors: Ghosh Rituparna , Bishayi Biswadev
Published: July 2024

Septic arthritis is an inflammatory joint disease caused by S. aureus. Hematogenous entry of the bacteria to the joint space secretespro-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β and IL-6, which alter the Th17/Treg switch. Inhibition of TGF-β and IL-6 to modulate Th17/Treghomeostasis and RANKL/OPG interaction are not done so far in septic arthritis. Role of lymphocyte-derived TGF-β, IL-10, IL-21 alongwith OPN, OPG, cellular H2O2, SOD and catalase activities, and the expressions of RANKL and MMP2 were studied in total lymphocytesof blood, spleen and synovial tissues of Swiss albino mice treated with antibody against TGF-β along with IL-6 Ab after induction ofseptic arthritis. Simultaneous neutralization of TGF-β along with IL-6 is effective in shifting the Th17 cell into Treg cell of the arthriticmice and modulates RANKL and MMP2 expression that leads to the down-regulation of osteoclastic activity and reduces the production of OPN. Additionally, such treatment reduces oxidative stress via enhancing the activities SOD and catalase enzymes in lymphocytes. So, simultaneous neutralization of TGF-β and IL-6 reduces S. aureus infection-associated inflammatory joint damage by increasing Treg numbers and decreasing the number of pro-inflammatory Th17 cells.
Application of ergonomic interventions in the informal sectors of India
Authors: Gangopadhyay Somnath
Published: July 2024

A large proportion of the labor force in India (90%) is directly employed in the informal sector, which is notably higher than in othercountries. Most employees work on a contract or temporary basis. Labor laws are generally not applicable to informal sectors.Among them, there is a lack of awareness of occupational safety and health, which includes less attention to industrial hygiene, poorhousekeeping, and poor employee protection. In 2001, the problem of integrating the informal economy with the formal economy waswidely discussed at the International Labor Conference. We need to include one more issue: work comfort applications in the informalsectors. Many of these workers suffer from various types of work-related disorders. It is noted that through the use of low-cost measures, their conditions can be improved. Several interventions have been developed and applied across various informal sectors in India through an ergonomics-involved approach. A detailed study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of these interventions. It is necessary and important to apply precise interventions and find out the behavioral approaches of users to the use of interventions. As the informal sector grows steadily in various developing countries, ensuring the comfort of workers is becoming a challenge in these parts of the world. Surprisingly, low-cost health interventions can increase the productivity of the informal sector by up to 30%. Workrelated musculoskeletal disease (WMSD) is also prevented. Proper implementation of ergonomic interventions can ultimately improve the occupational health of informal workers as well as the nation's economy.
Role of exercise physiologists in talent identification, training and monitoring performance in sports
Authors: Manna Indranil
Published: July 2024

Exercise Physiology is the branch of 'Sports Science', which involves the study of adaptation to exercise. Exercise physiologists monitor thephysical and physiological variables of the sports persons, which are used for talent identification, training, and evaluation of performance.Sports talent may be identified from young children when they show interest in sports. Proper nutrition and training during the growthand development phase of life help improve the athletes' performance. Training has to be formulated according to the principles ofperiodization to achieve the best possible performance. Long-term training and participating in competitions brought changes withinthe sports persons. Regular monitoring of athletes' anthropometric, physical fitness and physiological variables provides valuableinformation about their fitness, health, metabolic and cardio-respiratory status. This would enable the coaches to assess the currentstatus of the athletes and the degree of training adaptability and provide an opportunity to modify the training schedule accordinglyto achieve the desired performance. Exercise physiologists suggest optimal training strategies to enhance athletic performance. Thedemand for an athlete's success and fitness awareness within society increases the responsibility of exercise physiologists to optimizeathletes' sports performance, health, and safety.
Reactive oxygen species linked diabetes mellitus management by natural products: A Pre-clinical study in rat
Authors: Ghosh Debidas , Mitra Dipanwita
Published: July 2024

The environment has a great impact on health maintenance. Environmental stress factors generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) inour bodies. As a result, pro-oxidant status of our body is dominated over the antioxidant status that induces health disorders. Diabetesmellitus (DM), a common metabolic cum lifestyle disease, is now considered as X syndrome. Environmental stressors through ROSgeneration can impose point mutation for the production of mutant enzymes, leading to cellular metabolic disorders, especiallycarbohydrate metabolism, an important cause of diabetes. Moreover, free radicals through cellular signaling system down-regulategene expression of antioxidant enzymes that produce high levels of cellular free radicals in metabolic organs, which may lead to DM.Natural products with strong antioxidant activities have a major role in managing diabetes. Nutraceuticals in E. jumbulana, Camelliasinensis, H. antidysenterica majorly contribute to such management by increasing gene expression of antioxidant enzymes andcarbohydrate metabolic enzymes that favor glucose utilization in cell. It has also been established that such nutraceuticals can generate β cells from hepatic stem cells, so plasma insulin and c-peptide levels are elevated. Insulin receptor gene expression is also corrected by such nutraceuticals in diabetic model animals. The efficacy of such nutraceuticals is comparable with antidiabetic gold standard drugs. Such studies have been confirmed by genomics and proteomics studies using real-time PCR followed by western blotting studies. This field of research unfolds a new domain known as ‘Neutrogenomics’ in health science.It is concluded that natural products may be the parallel management process of modern therapy as per the guideline of WHO.
An overview of normal human gut microbiota and dysbiosis
Authors: Adak Atanu , Mondal Keshab C. , Sinha Anirban
Published: July 2024

In modern science, “gut health” is becoming very popular for its success in various therapeutic aspects. Human gut microbiota starts to colonize during birth, grows in parallel with host, and develops at 3-5 years of age like an adult. Ecological and evolutionary pressure determined the composition and diversity of gut microbiota. However, gut microbiota depends on an individual’s ethnicity, diet, lifestyle and health conditions. It may vary from person to person and from population to population. The established gut microbiota plays an important role in the protective, metabolic and structural landscape. Disturbance of ecological balance, known as “dysbiosis” linked with unhealthy diet, antibiotic uses, stress, etc., may profoundly influence various diseases. Research on gut microbiota explores exciting developments in therapeutics, such as prebiotics, probiotics, drugs and fecal transplantation for improved health
A brief report on eugenol oleate is an oral immunomodulatory molecule against visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Hazra Raghunath , Raja MR Charan , Mahapatra Santanu Kar
Published: July 2024

Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a life-threatening infectious disease and is acclaimed as a neglected tropical disease, caused by Leishmania donovani. It leads to severe immune suppression in the host defense system. Higher cytotoxicity, rigorous side effects, and lower therapeutic indexes (TI) of current antileishmanial drugs have created a necessity to develop new molecules with better antileishmanial activity and high TI value. We synthesized a plenty number of derivatives of Eugenol and screened them for their activity against promastigote and amastigote forms of L. donovani. Among the synthesized derivatives, Eugenol oleate showed better antileishmanial activity against extracellular promastigotes (IC50- 20.13 ± 0.91 μM) and intracellular amastigotes (EC50-4.25 ± 0.26 μM). The TI value (82.24 ± 3.77) was found to improve by 10 to 13-folds compared to amphotericin B and miltefosine, respectively. Treatment with Eugenol oleate activated the PKC-βII–p38 MAPK and produced IL-12 and IFN-γ, which activated the iNOS2 to produce NO free radicals that cleared the intracellular parasite. Eugenol oleate was found safe with an appreciable pharmacokinetic profile for the oral anti-VL agent. This molecule increased the Th1 cytokine profile and decreased the Th2 cytokine profile observed from ELISA and qPCR, suggesting that the Eugenol oleate induced the parasite clearance through the activation of the host immune system. Hence, this study represented that Eugenol oleate, an oral immunomodulatory molecule, could induce a host protective immune response against visceral leishmaniasis through enhanced NO generation and Th1 response, essential against this deadly disease.
Mushroom as new repository for small bioactive molecules for anticancer efficacy
Authors: Paul Santanu
Published: July 2024

Approximately 270 species of mushrooms have been reported as potentially useful for human health. However, few mushrooms havebeen studied so far in treating various diseases. Like other natural regimens, the mushroom treatment appears safe, as could be expectedfrom their long culinary and medicinal use. At present, cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Nearly 10 million deaths wererecorded globally from different cancers in 2020. We have screened the anti-proliferative and apoptotic potentials of more than thirtyspecies of mushroom for their anticancer activity. The result reflects that a wild and edible mushroom, Astraeus hygrometricus, selectivelyinduces robust apoptosis in MOLT-4 cells by targeting the G0/G1 stage of the cell cycle. A unique triterpene, astrakurkurone, isolatedfrom this mushroom induces robust apoptosis by disrupting the mitochondrial membrane potential, augmenting reactive oxygenspecies (ROS) and RNS production. Induction of apoptosis is through activation of the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway by upregulatingBIM, a pro-apoptotic protein, and down-regulating XIAP, a survival protein. It also downregulates the phosphorylated AKT, which downregulatesphosphorylated FOXO and phosphorylated GSK3 β in the treated cells leading to apoptosis. Therefore, it can be envisagedthat mushroom-derived bioactive molecules will hold great promise in cancer treatment in the future.
Obesity in India: Challenges and way forward
Authors: Dey Sanjit , Bharati Kaushik
Published: July 2024

Obesity is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by excessive fat accumulation that can trigger many health issues in the long run. The global burden of obesity has tripled since the seventies. As of 2016, there were 1.9 billion overweight adults, of which 650 million were obese.1 In the same year, 135 million individuals were affected by obesity in India.2 It is projected that the prevalence of obesity in India will triple by 2040. Importantly, the prevalence of obesity in India by 2040 will be 9.5% in men and 13.9% in women.3Therefore, the obesity scourge can be considered to be a “ticking time bomb,” ready to explode at any moment and will impact large populations across all age groups in both rural and urban areas
Effect of body mass index (BMI) on electrocardiographic P-wave dispersion among healthy adults
Authors: Kumari Amita , . Sunita , Kumar Manish , Kumari Anita , Kumar Siddharth , Dipankar Satish
Published: July 2024

Background: According to the results of an electrocardiogram (ECG), a higher body mass index (BMI) indicates body fat and is linked toa higher risk of cardiovascular illnesses. A noninvasive ECG signal called P-wave dispersion (Pd) can predict the likelihood of an atrialarrhythmia and reflects atrial remodeling. Pd is calculated by computing the difference between the maximum and minimum P-wavelengths captured from the 12 ECG lead recordings. To assess the early-stage risk of acquiring cardiovascular illnesses, we investigatedthe effect of BMI on P-wave dispersion in healthy, overweight, and obese adults. Materials and Methods: Depending on their body massindex (BMI), we divided 200 participants into three groups (normal weight, overweight, and obese) during a comparative cross-sectionalstudy. We measured 12-lead surface ECG and P-wave dispersion in study participants. Results: Mean P-wave lengths were 33.23(±6.08), 33.15(± 5.16), and 46.15 (± 5.37), respectively, for people who were normal weight, overweight, and obese. Between the normalweightand obese groups and the overweight and obese groups, there was a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001), according toTukey’s post-hoc analysis. However, the normal-weight and overweight groups showed no statistically significant difference (P = 0.997).Pearson’s correlation analysis shows that P-wave dispersion and BMI showed a significant positive connection (r = 0.632). Conclusion:A higher BMI is linked to a longer P-wave duration and dispersion, even in healthy adults. The likelihood of left atrial hypertrophy andatrial arrhythmia increases with a prolonged P-wave duration. This study emphasizes the importance of raising awareness about theneed to adopt healthy lifestyles to avoid the harmful effects of obesity on the heart
A search towards alternative ways: replacing conventional chelation therapy against arsenic-induced female reprotoxicity: A review
Authors: Chattopadhyay Sandip
Published: July 2024

long-term intake of contaminated water and poses the greatest public health threat from arsenic. Depending on the degree of exposure,its drastic effects might take years to manifest in developing skin lesions and peripheral neuropathy. Major radical changes occur withthe onset of developmental toxicity and reproductive health hazards in both sexes. Arsenic causes cellular damage by promotingoxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, resulting in chromosomal aberration and DNA damage. Managing thehealth risks brought on by arsenic has now become a global challenge. Available therapeutic strategy against arsenicosis is mainlyconcerned with using chelating agents that very often redistribute arsenic in the brain. This chelating treatment approach also needsa painful and invasive route that discourages affected individuals from continuing the therapy. Hence, we focused on alternative noninvasivestrategies in managing female reproductive ailments in arsenicated animals. We used different micronutrients, herbal extracts,phytochemicals, etc. The studies established that arsenic-nutrients/arsenic-phytomolecules interaction efficaciously reduced toxicitylevels by correcting the components of the s-adenosine-methionine pool (SAM) on the way of endorsing probable elimination ofarsenic from the system. Natural non-enzymatic antioxidants like vitamin C, vitamin E, and selenium were investigated against arsenictoxicity and proved to be beneficial for scavenging free radicals. These nutrients also enhance female gonadal function by regulatingovarian steroidogenesis and gonadotropin levels by controlling the brain’s biogenic amines. Phyto compounds such as curcumin,N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), arjunolic acid, extracts of green tea leaves (Camellia sinensis), pectic polysaccharide (CCPS) from bitter gourd(Momordica charantia) and functional foods such as probiotics and spirulina have been studied. These have been shown to mitigatearsenic toxicity via regulating various inflammatory markers such as NF-κB, MT-1, TNF-α, IL-6, etc. The potential benefits of these werealso shown against arsenic toxicity by upregulating Bcl-2 gene expression accompanied with suppression of pro-apoptotic genes BAX,p53 caspase-3, PARP, PCNA, AKT, etc., and eventually corrected female reproductive stress with improved fertility in arsenicated rats.Hence, these findings may pave the way for the development of a new drug as well as nutraceuticals with more effective and noninvasivetherapeutic approaches for arsenic toxicity.
Impacto del entrenamiento deportivo en la salud cardiovascular
Authors: Rosero Parra Luis Gabriel , Granizo Jara José Luis , Carrillo Cando Luis Edison , Moreno Tapia Cintya Belén
Published: July 2024

Introducción: El entrenamiento físico regular es crucial para mejorar la salud cardiovascular y reducir el riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV), una de las principales causas de mortalidad global. Este estudio revisa el impacto del ejercicio aeróbico, de resistencia y de alta intensidad en indicadores clave de salud cardiovascular.
Objetivos: Analizar los efectos del entrenamiento deportivo regular en la salud cardiovascular, evaluar diferentes tipos de entrenamiento físico y examinar barreras y facilitadores para adoptar un estilo de vida activo.
Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sistemática de estudios relevantes publicados en bases de datos científicas. 
Resultados: El ejercicio aeróbico mostró mejoras significativas en el VO2 máx. y reducciones moderadas en la presión arterial, con mejoras en el perfil lipídico. El entrenamiento de resistencia demostró incrementos en la fuerza muscular, con resultados variables en la presión arterial. 
Conclusiones: Diferentes modalidades de entrenamiento físico ofrecen beneficios específicos para la salud cardiovascular. La combinación de ejercicios aeróbicos, de resistencia y HIIT puede mejorar la capacidad aeróbica y controlar la presión arterial. Es crucial individualizar los programas de entrenamiento para optimizar el perfil lipídico y promover un estilo de vida activo, mitigando así las enfermedades cardiovasculares a nivel global.
Embarazo en Adolescentes: Consecuencias en el Ámbito Familiar, Escolar y Psicosocial
Authors: Jácome Vera Angélica María , Román Proaño Jimmy Vinicio , Cadena Figueroa Marcela Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

Introducción: El embarazo adolescente es un desafío significativo para la salud pública global, afectando negativamente la salud física y emocional de los jóvenes, su educación, su entorno social y familiar. A pesar de los avances en el acceso a métodos anticonceptivos, la tasa de embarazos en adolescentes de 15 a 19 años ha aumentado. El embarazo adolescente es un problema complejo para la familia, la sociedad y el sistema de salud.
Objetivo: Analizar las repercusiones del embarazo en adolescentes en los contextos familiar, escolar y psicosocial.
Métodos: Este estudio adoptó un enfoque cualitativo con una revisión literatura, empleando un diseño narrativo y un método inductivo-deductivo para comprender las repercusiones de este fenómeno.
Resultados: Se analizaron las causas y consecuencias del embarazo adolescente, como el inicio temprano de la actividad sexual, la falta de información sobre sexualidad y anticonceptivos, y la inadecuada gestión del tema por parte de los padres. Las consecuencias abarcan desafíos emocionales, baja autoestima, depresión y ansiedad.
Conclusiones: Se sugiere implementar una educación integral en sexualidad, facilitar el acceso a servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva, y promover políticas públicas que fomenten la salud sexual, la igualdad de género y la reducción de la violencia de género.
THE INFLUENCE OF FINANCIAL LITERACY ON STUDENT BEHAVIOR IN MANAGING FINANCIAL KIP-KULIAH SCHOLARSHIP FUNDS
Authors: Irpan Irpan , Nasrullah Nasrullah , Abdul Khaliq
Published: July 2024

This study aims to examine the effect of financial literacy on student behavior in managing financial smart Indonesian card scholarship funds (Kip-Kuliah), this study uses quantitative methods, the sample in this study was taken from students receiving smart Indonesian card scholarships (Kip-Kuliah) semester 3, 5, and 7 in the Management study program of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Unismuh Makassar. This research data was obtained from a questionnaire (primary data). The results of research from data processed using SPSS statistical calculations, based on the results of SPSS output partially, the results showed that financial literacy variables have an influence on student behavior in managing the finances of the Smart Indonesia Card scholarship fund (Kip-Kuliah)