bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DAMPAK POSITIF AKTIVITAS PERTAMBANGAN NIKEL TERHADAP KONDISI SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT DI KECAMATAN TINANGGEA KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN
Authors: BB Suriyani
Published: July 2019

One sector that contributes to foreign exchange is the dominant mining sector. This mining sector contributes 36% of the country's revenue. Among the activities of the nickel mining industry, it has had a positive impact on the state treasury from taxes and royalties. Therefore, the existence of these natural resources has economic potential that must be utilized in order to prosper the lives of the people in accordance with the provisions of Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution (paragraph 2). This study tries to examine the positive impact of nickel mining activities on the socio-economic conditions of the community. The purpose of the study was to describe the positive impact of nickel mining activities on the socio-economic life of the community in Tinanggea sub-district. The research method uses a qualitative approach based on data collection with observation techniques, interviews with informants and review documents related to this research.the results showed that the positive impact of nickel mining activities in Tinanggea District was that it could accommodate local workers or increase the opportunity for people to get jobs in mining companies, increasing community income through monthly salary gains, increasing micro-businesses in the surrounding mining areas. buying and selling activities between the community and employees working in mining companies. While the conclusions of the study were that mining activities in Tinanggea Subdistrict had a positive impact on the people of the region. Keywords :  Positive impact of nickel mining activities, Socio-economic community.
PROBLEM BIROKRASI DALAM MENINGKATAN PELAYANAN PUBLIK PADA SEKRETARIAT DAERAH KABUPATEN MUNA
Authors: Muhammad Elwan La Ode
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to find out knowing the problem (inhibiting factors) of bureaucracy in improving the quality of public services at the Muna Regency Regional Secretariat.This study uses a type of qualitative research with descriptive analysis methods in order to describe the problem (inhibiting factors) of bureaucracy in improving the Quality of Public Services at the Muna Regency Regional Secretariat by using data collection methods through interviewing informants and observations.The conclusion of this study is that the problem (inhibiting factors) of bureaucracy in order to improve the quality of public services, namely, human resources that carry out service tasks are not optimal. Because most of those who served in the ministry had a high school education background (high school) which was as many as 19 people or 31.67 per cent. Then the supporting facilities owned by the Muna Regency Secretariat have met service needs, but their utilization is relatively not optimal, this is possible because of limited human resources that have not been able to utilize the facility optimally.   Keywords: Bureaucracy, Quality, Public Service
Perekayasaan Akuntansi Istishna’ Pada Produk Pembiayaan Apartemen
Authors: Maulidha Erina , Aminulloh Asrul
Published: July 2019

Adoption of PSAK 104 on Accounting Istishna, creating an obstacle for Islamic banks.Plus the difficulty of implementing the contract istishna itself in the banking business.PSAK related more appropriately applied to the real sector companies engaged insteadof banking services. This study aims to determine the constraints and associated engineering analysis accounting istishna ‘apartment on financial products in Islamic banks.The research method used is descriptive qualitative field research. Analysis was used tocompare the conditions obtained in the field by the recognition of regulated accountingunder PSAK 104 and the legislation in force. Based on the analysis, there are severalobstacles that arise in the application of financing istishna, which is related to information technology, human resources and the prevalence of apartment construction businessin Indonesia in the implementation of accounting standards. Consequently, in practice,Islamic banks have not fully adopted PSAK 104, especially in terms of disbursement offunds to the developer, the recognition of revenue on accrual basis and cash basis, andmargin recognition in installments during construction by the customer.
Rancangan Format Laporan Keuangan Usaha Mikro dan Form Aplikasi Pembiayaan untuk Analisa Keuangan Nasabah Pembiayaan pada BMT
Authors: Hidayat Taufik , Mulyati Sri
Published: July 2019

Pokok permasalahan yang dibahas adalah BMT dalam menilai aspek keuangan nasabahpembiayaan tidak secara komprehensif hanya menilai aspek arus kas saja. Oleh karenaitu BMT dalam menganalisis aspek keuangan nasabah harus memiliki form aplikasipembiayaan yang terhubung secara langsung ke laporan keuangan usaha mikro secarakomprehensif. Disatu sisi dengan rancangan tersebut akan membantu usaha mikro dalampembuatan laporan keuangan. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptifkualitatif. Dengan melihat aspek kejadian permasalahan dilapangan yaitu di BMT danUsaha Mikro yang menjadi nasabah BMT. Untuk melihat situasi sosial yang ada, laludibuatkan rancangan yang ideal. Hasil yang didapat dari penelitian ini adalah rancanganform aplikasi pembiayaan dan format laporan keuangan usaha mikro yang nantinyadigunakan BMT dalam menilai aspek keuangan nasabah pembiayaan secara komprehensifdan membantu usaha mikro dalam aspek pembuatan laporan keuangan.
Rancangan Sistem Siklus Akuntansi Pada Bank Sampah
Authors: Kurnia Anis Indah , Romansyah Dadang
Published: July 2019

This study aims to formulate a system of accounting cycle on trash bank. This studyused descriptive methods and qualitative data. This study’s subjects consisted of respondents and the data library that collected by interviews, documentation and literature. Analysis was done by analyze the data to understand the process of accounting cycle, preparing the system, the last summed up the results of analysis. The study found a system of financial records and financial statements based on SAK ETAP and some contract in PSAK Sharia. Accounting system has a preparation, recording and classification stage. The preparation stage such as chart of account, price list and customers list. The recording stage such as ledgers: trash inventory, savings cooperatives, list of net income cooperatives, list of savings, list of lending, list of electrical and pulse supplies and special journals: purchase of trash, sales of trash, saving of trash, cash receipts and cash payments. The classification stage such as general ledger, adjusting entries, trial balance. Then the system of financial statements consist of balance sheet, income statement, equity statement, cash flow statement and notes to the financial statements. Finally, for the preparation next period there are after closing journal and trial balance after closing.
Faktor Financial -Non Financial Dan Tingkat Pengungkapan Islamic Social Reporting (ISR)
Authors: Anggraini Anita , Wulan Mulyaning
Published: July 2019

This study examines financial factors namely Size, Profitability and Leverage as wellas non-financial factors, namely Industrial Type and Size of Board of Commissionerthat affect the level of disclosure of ISR. ISR (Islamic Social Reporting) is an index ofsocial responsibility disclosure in accordance with Islamic principles. For users ofcorporate reports that Muslims, disclosure of social responsibility is a form ofaccountability to Allah and is also used as one of the sources of information taken intoconsideration. Therefore, the object of observation in this study is Jakarta IslamicIndex (JII), which is an index that describes Islamic stocks in Indonesia. The results ofthis study demonstrate that the Company Size, Profitability, Leverage, Industry Type,and Size of Board of Commissioners has a significant positive effect on the level ofdisclosure of ISR
Pengukuran Efisiensi Asuransi Syariah Dengan Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
Authors: Tuffahati Hulwah , Mardian Sepky , Suprapto Edy
Published: July 2019

This research is aimed to measure the efficiency of Islamic Insurance Companies in Indonesia by using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The sample used in this research are the Islamic Insurance Companies that publishes their full financial statements from the years 2012-2014. The variables in this study consists of two kinds of variables, namely input variables and output variables. The variable input is the total assets and the cost of commissions. While the variable output is the gross contribution and investment income. This study uses the intermediation approach with input orientation and use three types of measurements are the measurement of the efficiency of technical efficiency, pure technical and scale. The results of this study are in the groups of Islamic General Insurance Companies and Islamic Life Insurance Companies there are no company that achieve optimal efficiency levels in the three types of measurements.Whereas in the group Syariah General Insurance Unit are 2 companies optimally efficient in 3 measurements or by 28.57% of the total companies sampled in this group. And the group Syariah Life Insurance Unit are 4 companies optimally efficient in 3 measurements or 25% of total companies sampled in this group.
Board Diversity, Ukuran Perusahaan Dan Intellectual Capital Disclosure Bank Umum Syariah
Authors: Ilhamdi Ilhamdi , Arianti Neng Evi Silvia
Published: July 2019

This study aims to analyze the factors that affect the disclosure of intellectual capital, namely board diversity and firm size. The samples used were secondary data from Annual Report of Islamic Banks that registered in the BI during the observation period 2011-2015. Sampels were taken with a purposive sampling method, and who meet the criteria for sample selection. Content analysis was employed in this study to determine the Intelectual Capital Disclosure (ICD). The study used panel data analysis to investigate the influence of board diversity and firm size on ICD. Content analysis show that the ICD indeks of Islamic banks has increased over period of study. Panel data analysis indicate that board diversity and firm size simultaneously affect the ICD indeks. Partially, firm size has positive significant effect to ICD. Board diversity namely women directors show negative significant effect to ICD. However, board diversity namely independent directors is not influence to ICD
Integrasi Unsur Spiritualitas Dalam Prinsip Good Cooperative Governance: Revitalisasi Nilai Koperasi
Authors: Rilah Fitri Nur , Riwajanti Nur Indah
Published: July 2019

The aim of this research was to examine the integration of spirituality element in Good Cooperative Governance (GCG) priciples. This was a qualitative post-modernist research. The research was conducted in one of small towns in East Java often called ‘Kota Santri/Islamic Student City’, namely Pasuruan City. The informants in this research were Head of Empowerment Section and Head of Institutional Section in Department of Cooperative and SMEs of Pasuruan; Cooperative Board and Manager in one of the cooperative in Pasuruan. Data collection was conducted with in-depth interview. The data used was primary data as qualitative data. Thematic analysis was used as analysis technique. The qualitative information was coded (translated) into qualitative data; followed by arrangement of pattern/theme; then encoding process (classifying pattern/theme into the relationships between categories); defining and describing the categories; and the last conclusion drawing. The result indicates that GCG has the uniqueness that enables its principles integrated of spirituality element.  The essence of the spirituality value is cooperative values and its embodiment as an effort to revitalyze the cooperative values. The finding of this research was Fishbone Diagram of Spirituality Values on GCG Principles
Perilaku Etis Individu Dalam Pelaporan Keuangan: Peran Pendidikan Berbasis Syariah Dan Komitmen Religiusitas
Authors: Rahma Nadia , Yulianti Rahmani Timorita , Sofyani Hafiez
Published: July 2019

This study aims to examine whether there are differences in ethical behavior on financial reporting by an individual who studied economics and business based on sharia and non-sharia curriculum. In addition, this study also examine whether religiousity commitment influencing ethical behavioron financial reporting. The study employs 2x2 factorial experiments design with research subjects are students from Department of Economics and Islamic Banking and Department of Accountancy. The study reveals that ethical behavior on financial reporting of an individual is affected by sharia education which he/she attended. Detail explanation about the results study can be read in the paper
Analisis Determinan Tingkat Proporsi Dana Tabarru’ Pada Asuransi Jiwa Syariah
Authors: Nuraini Nuraini , Kamal Mustafa
Published: July 2019

This research aims to determine influence of the claim risk, retakaful contribution, operating expenses, exchange rate, inflation rate and BI rate toward proportion of tabarru’ funds on Islamic life insurance companies. Sampling is done by purposive sampling technique to get 138 data from different starting ranges data and periods, with the final sample of 23 Islamic life insurance companies during 2010-2017. The method of analysis used in this research is multiple linear regression using unbalanced panel data that processed by using Eviews 9. The result showed that the best estimation model for this research is Random Effect Model (REM). Simultaneously all of the independent variables have significant influence towards proportion of tabarru’ funds. While partially, claim risk has positive significant, retakaful contribution and operating expenses has negative significant influence towards proportion of tabarru’ funds. As for the macroeconomic variables, namely exchange rate, inflation rate and BI rate have no significant influence towards proportion of tabarru’ funds
Kenapa Muzakki Percaya Kepada Lembaga Amil Zakat?
Authors: Assa’diyah Halimah , Pramono Sigit
Published: July 2019

The study aimed to examine the influence of accountability, transparency of the Zakat Organization towardz Muzakki's Trust. The respondents are the muzakki who registered in the Central BAZNAS and Baitul Maal Hidayatullah LAZ. Baitul Maal LAZ and Central BAZNAS was taken by using non-purposive sampling. Data were collected by the questionnaire. The data are analyzed by the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the PLS approach. The study indicated that accountability do not has any significant affect towards the muzakki's trust otherwise the  transparency has a significant effect  towards the muzakki's trust
Penerapan Kode Etik Auditor Dalam Menjaga Kerahasiaan Data Klien: Studi Kasus Kantor Akuntan Publik TGS
Authors: Ismail Hary Akbar , Kurniawan, SST., Ak., M.E-Bizz., MBA Didik
Published: July 2019

Tantangan untuk menjaga kerahasiaan data klien semakin meningkat seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi teknologi informasi. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keinginan untuk memotret praktik penerapan kode etik dalam hal penjagaan rahasia data klien oleh auditor, terutama di era digital sekarang ini. Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai praktik penerapan kode etik tentang kerahasiaan data klien oleh auditor.Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan rujukan untuk melihat sisi praktikal atas penerapan kode etik. Bagi kalangan  akademisi, tulisan ini berguna untuk melihat praktik nyata penerapan kode etik auditor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik wawancara dan observasi.Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan informasi yang diperoleh, disimpulkan bahwa pada umumnya Kantor Akuntan Publik (KAP) telah memiliki standar khusus yang mengatur tentang kerahasiaan data klien. Pada praktiknya, KAP telah berupaya untuk mematuhi dan menjaga kerahasiaan data klien. Namun demikian, dari penelitian ini terungkap pula bahwa KAP belum memiliki suatu sistem berkala untuk mereviu atau memastikan bahwa kode etik terkait dengan kerahasiaan data klien telah efektif diterapkan.
Examining the Relationship Among Experience, Perceived Value, and Satisfaction in Exhibitions
Authors: Lee Dae-Hui
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship among experience, perceived value, and attendance satisfaction in exhibitions. It used structural equation modeling (SEM) technique to examine the causal relationships and develop a structural model that identified the influencing
dimensions of experience and perceived value on attendance satisfaction, both directly and indirectly. The results of structural equation modeling analyses uncovered significant relationships among experience, perceived value, and satisfaction. First, relatively important factors of both experience
(i.e., entertainment, escapism, and education) and perceived value (i.e., emotional value, economic value, and social value) applied in the exhibition industry were discovered. Second, a clear experience–perceived value–satisfaction chain was confirmed, with direct and indirect
effects. Third, the mediating role of perceived value between experience and attendance satisfaction was identified. Lastly, identifying the significant direct and indirect relationships between experience and perceived value can be the key to discovering marketing strategies of how to ultimately
maximize satisfaction of exhibition attendees. The findings provide the opportunity to derive both theoretical and managerial implications.
The Interaction between Shear and Fingering (Thermohaline) Convection
Authors: Garaud P. , Kumar A. , Sridhar J.
Published: July 2019

Fingering convection is a turbulent mixing process that can occur in stellar radiative regions whenever the mean molecular weight increases with radius. In some cases, it can have a significant observable impact on stellar structure and evolution. The efficiency of mixing by fingering convection as a standalone process has been studied by Brown et al., but other processes such as rotation, magnetic fields, and shear can affect it. In this paper, we present a first study of the effect of shear on fingering (thermohaline) convection in astrophysics. Using direct numerical simulations, we find that a moderate amount of shear (that is not intrinsically shear unstable) always decreases the mixing efficiency of fingering convection, as a result of the tilt it imparts to the fingering structures. We propose a simple analytical extension of the Brown et al. model in the presence of shear that satisfactorily explains the numerically derived turbulent compositional mixing coefficient for moderate shearing rates and can trivially be implemented in stellar evolution codes. We also measure from the numerical simulations a turbulent viscosity and find that the latter is strongly tied to the turbulent compositional mixing coefficient. Observational implications and caveats of the model are discussed.
Will China’s “Two-child in One Family” Policy to Spur Population Growth Work?
Authors: Lieming Fang
Published: July 2019

The population problem has always been a fundamental, overall and strategic issue faced by the human society. While China’s family planning policy has promoted China’s economic development and social progress, the “two-child” policy failed to receive satisfactory result. Confronted by China’s low fertility rate, efforts must be done from many aspects to spur population growth: establish the National Population Security Council, strengthen the selection and appointment of population policy makers, strengthen the family values, adopt incentive measures to increase fertility, and so on. The “two-child” policy has been carried out for more than three years, and the policy is still facing the test of time. China’s “two-child” policy is still a transitional policy, and the final solution will be to abandon birth control.
Reflections on demographic theories
Authors: Andreev Evgeny M.
Published: July 2019

Abstract

The article presents the author’s reflections on theories in general and demographic theories in particular. The epidemiological transition, i.e. periodization of changes in the structure of causes of death, proposed by A.R. Omran in 1971 and later raised to the rank of theory, is taken as an example. The author points out the insufficiency of Omran’s concept to explain the contemporary mortality trends and suggests possible directions of theorizing that would enable correlating the new stage of life expectancy growth with the notion of “epidemiological transition”.
Two new camaenid land snails (Eupulmonata) from Central China
Authors: Wu Min , Chen Zheyu , Zhu Xiaoran
Published: July 2019

Two new camaenid land snails are reported from Central China. The new genus, represented by Sinochloritislii Wu & Chen, gen. & sp. nov., the type of the genus from Sichuan, is close to Yakuchloritis Habe, Nipponochloritis Habe, Neochloritis Minato and Trichochloritis Pilsbry, but is well characterized by the smooth adult shell, highly developed epiphallic papilla, absence of penial caecum, and the presence of an epiphallus-binding muscle that binds the proximal epiphallus to the distal penis. A new species Bradybaenalinjun Wu & Chen, sp. nov. is described from Hubei Province and is characterized by having two shell bands, a spoon-shaped love dart and the proportionally shortest mucous glands among Chinese congeners.
Zhezhoulinyphia gen. nov. (Araneae, Linyphiidae) from Yunnan, China
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Zhou Gu-chun , Peng Xian-jin
Published: July 2019

A new Linyphiinae genus Zhezhoulinyphiagen. nov. from Yunnan Province is described together with its two new species: Z.caperatasp. nov. (♂) and Z.denticulatasp. nov. (♂, ♀). Centromerusyadongensis Hu & Li, 1987 is transferred to Zhezhoulinyphiagen. nov. and a new combination, Z.yadongensis (Hu & Li, 1987), comb. nov. is proposed.
Aphaenogaster illyrica, a new species from the mountains of the Balkan Peninsula (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Authors: Bračko Gregor , Lapeva-Gjonova Albena , Salata Sebastian , Borowiec Lech , Polak Slavko
Published: July 2019

Aphaenogasterillyricasp. nov., a member of the A.subterranea species group, is described from Dinaric Alps of Slovenia and Croatia, from Golešnica Mt. in north Macedonia, Osogovo-Belasica Massif of southwestern Bulgaria, and from Kerkini Mts. of Greek Macedonia. It is characterised by large body size, moderately sculptured head, elevated mesonotum, and long propodeal spines. Its habitat preferences are discussed. A key to the Aphaenogastergraeca complex is provided.
Notes on Lagothrix flavicauda (Primates: Atelidae): oldest known specimen and the importance of the revisions of museum specimens
Authors: Serrano-Villavicencio José Eduardo , Silveira Luis Fabio
Published: July 2019

The yellow-tailed woolly monkey,Lagothrixflavicauda(Humboldt, 1812), is a large atelid endemic to the cloud forests of Peru. The identity of this species was uncertain for at least 150 years, since its original description in 1812 without a voucher specimen. Additionally, the absence of expeditions to the remote Peruvian cloud forests made it impossible to collect material that would help to confirm the true identity ofL.flavicaudaduring the 19th and first half of the 20th century. Until now, the specimens ofL.flavicaudacollected by H. Watkins, in 1925, in La Lejía (Amazonas, Peru) were thought to be the oldest ones deposited in any scientific collection. Nevertheless, after reviewing the databases of the several international museums and literature, we found one specimen ofL.flavicaudadeposited at the Muséum National d’histoire Naturelle (Paris, France) collected in 1900 by G.A. Baër, in the most eastern part of San Martín (Peru), where the presence of this species was not confirmed until 2011. Thus, Baër’s specimen represents the oldest known specimen of the yellow-tailed woolly monkey and the only one coming from the eastern part of the species’ distribution. Finally, we highlight the importance of online scientific databases for easily diagnosable species. However, caution needs to be taken when using them. We also discuss the value of scientific collections as sources of new discoveries.
Comparing handline and trolling fishing methods in the recreational pelagic fishery in the Gulf of Oman
Authors: Eighani Morteza , Yousef Paighambari Seyed , Bayse Shannon M.
Published: July 2019

The choice of fishing gear and catching strategy should be taken into consideration in the management of fish stocks. Here, paired fishing trials in a pelagic recreational fishery compared the catch composition, catch rate and size selectivity between handline and trolling fishing methods in Iranian coastal waters of the Gulf of Oman. Total catch rate was 1.06 fish hr–1 vs 0.88 fish hr–1 for handline and trolling, respectively, a 17% difference which was significant (p < 0.05). Generally, the handline method captured more fish than trolling for most species, but size selectivity tended to be species-specific per gear type. The handline fishing method captured larger talang queenfish (Scomberoides commersonnianus), while trolling captured larger narrow-barred Spanish mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson), pickhandle barracuda (Sphyraena jello) and Indian threadfish (Alectis indicus). Technical measures, such as gear restrictions, could be applied to recreational pelagic fisheries management in the Gulf of Oman. Such measures could improve species-specific exploitation patterns.
Les voyages de François Mitterrand
Authors: Bonnin Judith
Published: July 2019

Avant d'être élu à deux reprises président de la République, François Mitterrand forgea avec soin sa stature nationale et internationale. À partir d'archives et de témoignages inédits, Judith Bonnin dévoile un pan méconnu de cette activité politique : les 88 voyages à l'étranger du Premier secrétaire du Parti socialiste et candidat à la présidentielle entre 1971 et 1981.

Ces voyages sont des circulations politiques hybrides, à mi-chemin entre le tourisme militant et le déplacement diplomatique. À travers leur étude précise, c'est toute une diplomatie de parti qui se dessine, des faisceaux de représentations géopolitiques qui s'esquissent et la genèse de la future diplomatie présidentielle de François Mitterrand qui se donne à voir. À la lumière du renouveau de l'histoire des relations internationales, cette histoire du temps présent éclaire la politique internationale du PS dans sa globalité, à un moment où son internationalisme, comme ses autres marqueurs identitaires, est refondé en rupture avec l'héritage de la SFIO. Cet ouvrage propose, à partir de ces voyages, une interprétation nouvelle du projet socialiste, centré sur l'Europe et appuyé sur une certaine image du monde (« tiers-mondisme », intérêt pour l'Amérique latine et Israël, anti-américanisme nuancé). Enfin, il renouvelle l'histoire de la politique intérieure française dans une décennie clé, celle des années 1970, et notamment de l'union de la gauche dans le contexte transnational de la fin de la guerre froide.
Effect of NaOH Concentration Treatment on Tensile Strength, Flexure Strength and Elasticity Modulus of Banana Fiber Reinforced Polyester Resin
Authors: Wijianto Wijianto , Diar Ibnu Rijal Muhamad , Adityarini Hepy
Published: July 2019

Banana fiber is agricultural waste that can be obtained after harvesting the fruit with no additional cost. Banana fiber has major drawbacks in composite product such as low interfacial bond strength between fiber and matrix as comparison with synthetic fiber. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of alkaline concentration treatment conditions on tensile strength and flexural strength properties of banana fiber reinforced polyester resin composite. Banana fiber was treated using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment. There are four variations of NaOH concentration treatment, 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% for 1 hour immersion time at room temperature. Hand lay-up technique was used in composite fabrication with 40% fiber volume fraction at random orientation of banana fiber. Based on this research result can be concluded that composite with NaOH treatment has a better tensile strength and flexural strength if compared with untreated fiber. Banana fiber composite treated with 5% NaOH concentration show the highest tensile and elasticity modulus, and also flexural strength and flexural modulus better compare the other treatment. Banana fiber composite specimens on macro picture observation show that the untreated fiber has a lot of fiber pull-out, it is occur the weak interfacial bond between matix and fiber. On the other hand, the treated banana fiber composite shows a slight fiber pull out, because composite has high interfacial bond between matrix and fiber.
Effect of Latex to Minimize the Use of Asphalt in Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course
Authors: Siswanto Henri
Published: July 2019

One aspect that needs to be considered in the application of asphalt pavement is the fact that asphalt is a non-renewable resource which requires constant maintenance throughout its lifetime. Thus, developing a mix with asphalt contents reduced to the minimum is a challenge in and of itself. Latex, in this case, would seem to be potentially viable additives. The aim of this research is to investigate the effects of using latex as an additive to minimize the use of asphalt in asphalt concrete wearing courses (ACWC). Four varying amounts of latex were mixed with asphalt at 0%, 2%, 4%, and 6% of the total weight of an asphalt binder. A wet process was then employed to blend the mixtures together. Afterward, the latex-asphalt mixtures were added to an aggregate to form various mixtures ranging from 5% to 7% of the aggregate and the incremental weight of 0.5% of the latex-asphalt ACWC. For each latex-asphalt-aggregate mixes, the optimum binder content was determined based on stability, flow, Marshall quotient, voids in the mineral aggregate (VMA), voids in the mixture (VIM) and voids filled by the binder (VFB). The results of this experiment indicated that the addition of latex reduces the need for asphalt contents.
Synthesis and Characteristics of Inorganic Polymer Materials Geopolymerized from Ash of Brickyard
Authors: Nguyen Hoc Thang
Published: July 2019

Inorganic polymer materials known as geopolymer-based materials are always interesting topics for researchers. Geopolymer is environmentally friendly material which has been potential applications for many different fields such as technical materials, building materials, insolation or refractories, and others. This study used ash of brickyard (AB) as a raw material for geopolymerization process to develop novel materials with high porosity. AB is industrial waste of the brick factories that need to be managed to reduce their negative impact to the environment. AB contains high alumino-silicate resources were mixed with sodium hydroxide solution for 10 minutes to obtain the geopolymer pastes. Sodium hydroxide solution was used as an alkaline activator to form geopolymer paste. The geopolymer paste was filled into 5-cm cube molds according to ASTM C109/C109M 99, and then cured at room temperature for 28 days. These products were then tested for compressive strength, volumetric weight, and water absorption. Results indicated that the material can be considered lightweight with a compressive strength at 28 days that are in the range of 8.1 to 15.4 MPa, volumetric weight around 600kg/m3 and water absorption is under 210.65 kg/m3. The properties of geopolymer products were also determined by analytical techniques that included mineral composition by X Ray Diffraction (XRD) and microstructure by scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Experiment on Hardness and Impact Strength of Recycled Aluminum Alloys by Metal Casting Process
Authors: Ahmad Farhan , Akhyar Akhyar , Masri Ali
Published: July 2019

In this present work, the effects of recycled aluminum scraps on the impact and hardness properties and microstructures with a melting process are studied. The method was conducted to determine an impact toughness by Charphy pendulums; hardness materials by Vickers's test; and chemical composition by spectroscopy. Four types of aluminum scraps have been recycled using a metal casting process. They are beverage cans, aluminum profile bar waste, gasoline engine piston, and scrap pans. The results show that the maximum hardness obtained is 54.13 VHN on the material of the gasoline engine piston. The lowest hardness is 26.88 VHN which is obtained for pan aluminum recycle. The highest impact test result is obtained on an aluminum pan material which is 40.3 J/mm2 in average and the lowest value obtained is on the gasoline engine piston material which is 1.7 J/mm2 in average. The microstructure of the gasoline piston shows finer compared to the pans after cast.
Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the nasopharynx: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Aluko Abdul Akeem Adebayo , Hasheem Ghazali , Auwal Adamu
Published: July 2019

Plasmocytoma is a monoclonal neoplasm derived from progenitor B lymphocyte lineage. It rarely occurs as solitary plasmacytoma in 5-10% of all plasma cell tumors. Extramedullary plasmacytoma is even rarer, accounting for 3% of solitary plasmacytoma. Extramedullary plasmacytoma of the nasopharynx was found to be the cause of emergency presentation with upper airway obstruction and dysphagia in a 50 years old man. The patient had an emergency tracheostomy and feeding gastrostomy. Tumor biopsy and histology confirmed plasmacytoma. He was treated with chemoradiation without prior surgical excision and he had satisfactory improvement. This report highlights that a high index of suspicion is needed for early diagnosis and prompt treatment.
Abdominal belts for manual handling in industry: The evidence for and against
Authors: Bridger R. S.
Published: July 2019

The paper reviews research on the use of abdominal belts for industrial back injury prevention programmes. The evidence for biomechanical, physiological and psychophysical effects of belt use is presented, following a brief theoretical discussion. Although there is some laboratory evidence that abdominal belts protect the spine when lifting, the findings of field studies are equivocal. Previously injured workers seem to benefit the most both from "back school" training combined with wearing abdominal belts at work. However, far from being the solution to industrial manual handling problems, abdominal belts have only a small part to play in comprehensive risk management programmes aimed at reducing back problems in the workplace.
Effectiveness of cervical stabilisation training and correction of muscle imbalance, following reduction of atlanto-axial rotatory subluxation: A single case study
Authors: Davidson Debbie
Published: July 2019

Atlanto-axial rotatory subluxation is a rare, controversial and frequently misdiagnosed condition occurring primarily in children. A single case study design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of cervical stabilisation training and correction of muscle imbalance, following reduction of this condition, in a nine-year-old boy. The study was conducted over a six-week period during which the subject maintained a daily diary to record his symptoms. The programme consisted of various muscle relaxation and lengthening techniques, endurance training of the deep cervical flexors and lower scapular stabilisers, as well as postural re-education. No treatment was directed at the articular component. The patients signs and symptoms were greatly reduced during the study period. This study supports the importance of correcting the muscle dysfunction component in cervicogenic pain sufferers.
Knowledge and skill of patients with regard to amputation stump bandaging, prior to a prosthesis
Authors: Visser C.
Published: July 2019

A swollen or poorly coned stump makes it impossible fo r the prosthetist to provide a patient who had an amputation with a prosthesis.It is both costly, and time consuming for the patient and the amputation team if the patient needs to make repeated visits to the clinic. The purpose of this study is to determine the knowledge and skill of patients with regard to amputation stump bandaging. Thirty-three lower limb amputees, who visited the amputation clinic, were randomly chosen to participate in this survey. The investigation included a questionnaire and a physical evaluation by a physiotherapist on the effectiveness of the bandaging.Results: Only 16 (49%) of subjects received information, education and demonstration on bandaging for their stump. Three of the 16 subjects were judged to have had effective stump bandaging. From this study it is clear that there is a lack of knowledge and skills relating to bandaging amongst amputation patients and that this urgently needs to be rectified to ensure maximal functional outcomes.
The Challenges, Methods and Results of Teaching GB Pronunciation to Slovene EFL Students
Authors: Komar Smiljana
Published: July 2019

The paper presents and discusses the results of a study whose main purpose was to test the oral production of General British (GB) sounds in connected speech by Slovene BA students of English. Previous studies in contrastive English-Slovene pronunciation were mainly concerned with the perception and production of individual sounds. Our study, on the other hand, focused on the production of GB sounds in connected speech. We were interested in the state of affairs of English pronunciation before and after a 60-hour intensive and systematic theoretical and practical instruction of English pronunciation. The results confirmed out initial two hypotheses that the influences of L1 phonological and phonetic system, orthography and General American pronunciation were stronger before the instruction, and that the phonemic transcription has a very positive influence on the acquisition of foreign sounds in EFL students.
Helping Turkish EFL Learners with the Pronunciation of Four General British Vowels
Authors: Şen Serkan
Published: July 2019

The paper presents a contrastive analysis of Turkish and English with respect to their vowel systems and orthography. The author then focuses on effective ways to teach four General British (GB) vowels, /i:/, /ɪ/, /ʊ/, and /u:/, to twenty Turkish university students of English as a Foreign Language. The paper presents a practical approach to teaching the perception and production of the four vowels through a set of classroom activities. As practice shows, Turkish students experience difficulties in the recognition and pronunciation of the observed vowels, which can be mitigated using the described activities.
Duration as a Phonetic Cue in Native and Non‑Native American English
Authors: Čubrović Biljana
Published: July 2019

This vowel study looks at the intricate relationship between spectral  characteristics and vowel duration in the context of American English vowels, both from a native speaker (NS) and non-native speaker (NNS) perspective. The non-native speaker cohort is  homogeneous in the sense that all speakers have Serbian as their mother tongue, but have been long-time residents of the US. The phonetic context investigated in this study is /bVt/, where V is one of the American English monophthongs /i ɪ u ʊ ε æ ʌ ɔ ɑ/. The results of the acoustic analysis show that the NNS vowels are generally longer than the NS vowels. Furthermore, NNSs neutralise the vowel quality of two tense and lax pairs of vowels, /i ɪ/ and /u ʊ/, and rely more heavily on the phonetic duration when prononuncing them.
Trainee Translators’ Perceptions of the Role of Pronunciation and Speech Technologies in the Technology-Driven Translation Profession
Authors: Hirci Nataša
Published: July 2019

We live in a world of rapid technological advances which constantly affect the work of professional translators. Suitable training is therefore required for future translators to be able to compete on the translation market. With the rise of translation technologies, new ideas have been put forward on how to make translators faster and more efficient. Among the technologies that future translators may not be adequately familiar with are speech recognition tools; these enable translators to dictate their sight translation and have it typed out, allowing more time to focus on the content. However, as with all digital tools, the quality of input is important; a question thus arises on the role pronunciation assumes in such work. The present study aimed to establish how much awareness there is amongst the trainee translators of the possibilities afforded by speech technologies and to explore their perceptions of the role played by pronunciation.
The Sounds of English: Introduction
Authors: Fabijanić Ivo , Stopar Andrej
Published: July 2019

Introduction to the special issue of ELOPE (Vol. 16, No. 1) "The Sounds of English".
The Threat of Communism during the Cold War: A Constraint to Income Inequality?
Authors: Anna Andŕe Albuquerque Sant' , Weller Leonardo
Published: July 2019

Did the threat of communism influence income distribution in developed capitalist economies during the Cold War? This article addresses this question by testing whether income inequality in OECD countries was related to events linked to the spread of communism—revolutions and
Soviet interventions—around the world. We argue that the threat of the spread of communism acted as an incentive for the elites and governments to keep economic inequality low. This article provides an empirical contribution to the recent literature on inequality, which highlights the
role of domestic institutions but ignores the role of the Cold War in redistributing income. We find a robust relationship between income inequality and the distance to communist events. The results, reinforced by cases studied, suggest that the spread of communism fostered income redistribution
deals between domestic elites and workers. Finally, we show that these effects were reinforced by strong unions and the presence of strong communist parties.
Proxy surrogate reconstructions for Europe and the estimation of their uncertainties
Authors: Bothe Oliver , Zorita Eduardo
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Combining proxy information and climate model simulations allows reconciling both sources of information about past climates. This, in turn, strengthens our understanding of past climatic changes. The analogue or proxy surrogate reconstruction method is a computationally cheap data assimilation approach to benefit from the advantages of both data sources. We use the approach to reconstruct European summer mean temperature from the 13th century until present using the Euro 2k set of proxy-records and a pool of global climate simulation output fields. Previous applications of the analogue method to combine proxy records and simulations did not provide uncertainty ranges. Here, we provide several ways of estimating reconstruction uncertainty for the analogue method, which take into account the non-climate part of the variability in each proxy record. In general, our reconstruction agrees with the Euro 2k reconstruction, which had been conducted with two different statistical methods and using no information from model simulations. At interannual timescales, differences between our reconstruction and the Euro 2k reconstructions may be large, but they are much smaller at multi-decadal timescales. In both methodological approaches, the decades around year 1600 CE were the coldest. The approaches do not agree, however, on the warmest preindustrial decades, which the Euro 2k reconstruction places in the early 15th century and the analogue approach in the early 18th century. The surrogate reconstructions also represent the local variations of the observed proxies even under uncertainty but local uncertainties of the temperature reconstructions tend to be large in areas that are poorly covered by the proxy records. Uncertainties highlight the ambiguity of field based reconstructions constrained by a limited set of proxies.
An integrated data compilation for the development of a marine protected area in the Weddell Sea
Authors: Teschke Katharina , Pehlke Hendrik , Siegel Volker , Bornemann Horst , Knust Rainer , Brey Thomas
Published: July 2019

Abstract. The Southern Ocean may contribute a considerable part to the proposed global network of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) that should cover about 10 % of the world oceans in 2020. In the Antarctic, the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) is responsible for this task, and currently Germany leads a corresponding scientific evaluation of the wider Weddell Sea region. Compared to other marine regions within the Southern Ocean, the Weddell Sea is exceptionally well investigated. A tremendous amount of data and information has been produced over the last four decades. Here, we give a compilation of these data that were acquired in the context of the Weddell Sea MPA planning process. The data compilation comprises data produced by scientists/institutions from more than twenty countries and were either available within our institutes, provided by our collaborators, downloaded via data portals, or transcribed from the literature. It is the first data compilation for this area that includes abiotic data, such as bathymetry and sea ice, and ecological data from zooplankton, zoobenthos, fish, birds and marine mammals. The final data layer products based on this data compilation, including metadata description, are available from the data publisher PANGAE via the five persistent identifiers at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899520 (Pehlke et al., 2019a), https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899591 (Teschke et al., 2019a), https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899595 (Pehlke and Teschke, 2019), https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899619 (Pehlke et al., 2019b), https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899645 (Teschke et al., 2019b) and https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899667 (Teschke et al., 2019c). This data compilation with the final data layer products will serve future research and monitoring well beyond the current MPA development process.
Technical note: the caRamel R package for Automatic Calibration
by Evolutionary Multi Objective Algorithm
Authors: Monteil Céline , Zaoui Fabrice , Le Moine Nicolas , Hendrickx Frédéric
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Environmental modelling is complex, and models often require the calibration of several parameters that are not directly evaluable from a physical quantity or a field measurement. The R package caRamel has been designed to easily implement a multi-objective optimizer in the R environment to calibrate these parameters. A multiobjective calibration allows to find a compromise between different goals by defining a set of optimal parameters. The algorithm is a hybrid of the Multiobjective Evolutionary Annealing Simplex method (MEAS) and the Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (ε-NSGA-II algorithm). The optimizer was initially developed for the calibration of hydrological models but can be used for any environmental model. The main function of the package, caRamel(), requires to define a multi-objective calibration function as well as bounds on the variation of the underlying parameters to optimize. CaRamel is well adapted to complex modelling. As an example, caRamel converges quickly and has a stable solution after 5,000 model evaluations with robust results for a real study case of a hydrological problem with 8 parameters and 3 objectives of calibration. The comparison with another well-known optimizer (i.e. MCO, for Multiple Criteria Optimization) confirms the quality of the algorithm.