bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Delivery of Curcumin Using Zein-Gum Arabic-Tannic Acid Composite Particles: Fabrication, Characterization, and in vitro Release Properties
Authors: Zhang Yiquan , Liu Guiqiao , Ren Fazheng , Liu Ning , Tong Yi , Li Yi , Liu Anni , Wu Lida , Wang Pengjie
Published: March 2022

The application of curcumin (Cur) in fat-free food is limited due to its poor water solubility, stability, and bioaccessibility. In this study, zein-gum arabic-tannic acid (zein-GA-TA) composite particles with high physical stability were fabricated to deliver Cur (ZGT-Cur). Their stability and in vitro release properties were also evaluated. The results showed that the thermal and photochemical stability of Cur was improved after loading into composite particles. Meanwhile, the retention rate of Cur in ZGT-Cur composite particles was enhanced compared with Z-Cur or ZG-Cur particles. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed that the hydrogen bond within the particles was greatly enhanced after the addition of tannic acid (TA). The in vitro antioxidant activity of Cur in ZGT-Cur composite particles was higher in terms of 2,2'-azino-bis (ABTS) (93.64%) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (50.41%) compared with Z-Cur or ZG-Cur particles. The bioaccessibility of Cur in ZGT-Cur composite particles was 8.97 times higher than that of free Cur. Therefore, the particles designed in this study will broaden the application of Cur in the food industry by improving its stability and bioaccessibility.
Rheological Properties of Wheat Flour Modified by Plasma-Activated Water and Heat Moisture Treatment and in vitro Digestibility of Steamed Bread
Authors: Shi Miaomiao , Cheng Yanqiu , Wang Fei , Ji Xiaolong , Liu Yanqi , Yan Yizhe
Published: March 2022

The study investigated the effects of plasma-activated water (PAW) and heat moisture treatment (HMT) on the rheological properties of wheat flour and the in vitro digestibility of steamed bread partially replaced by the modified wheat flour. After HMT, the gelatinization temperature of wheat flour increased and the gelatinization enthalpy reduced. The solubility and swelling power of wheat flour increased after the heat-moisture treatment. The solubility of modified flour after PAW-HMT treatment was lower than that of distilled water (DW)-HMT at the same temperature. The wheat flour with HMT had higher storage modulus (G') and loss modulus (G“), and had better ductility and deformability. Common wheat flour was partially replaced by modified flour to make steamed bread. The results indicated that the volume, height, diameter and specific volume of steamed bread were significantly decreased with the addition of HMT flour. However, the hardness, viscosity and chewiness increased significantly. The resistant starch content of steamed bread with the modified wheat flour increased. The results provide new insights for the development of new functional steamed bread.
Platinum Chemotherapy Induces Lymphangiogenesis in Cancerous and Healthy Tissues That Can be Prevented With Adjuvant Anti-VEGFR3 Therapy
Authors: Harris Alexandra R. , Esparza Savieay , Azimi Mohammad S. , Cornelison Robert , Azar Francesca N. , Llaneza Danielle C. , Belanger Maura , Mathew Alexander , Tkachenko Svyatoslav , Perez Matthew J. , Rosean Claire Buchta , Bostic Raegan R. , Cornelison R. Chase , Tate Kinsley M. , Peirce-Cottler Shayn M. , Paquette Cherie , Mills Anne , Landen Charles N. , Saucerman Jeff , Dillon Patrick M. , Pompano Rebecca R. , Rutkowski Melanie A. , Munson Jennifer M.
Published: March 2022

Chemotherapy has been used to inhibit cancer growth for decades, but emerging evidence shows it can affect the tumor stroma, unintentionally promoting cancer malignancy. After treatment of primary tumors, remaining drugs drain via lymphatics. Though all drugs interact with the lymphatics, we know little of their impact on them. Here, we show a previously unknown effect of platinums, a widely used class of chemotherapeutics, to directly induce systemic lymphangiogenesis and activation. These changes are dose-dependent, long-lasting, and occur in healthy and cancerous tissue in multiple mouse models of breast cancer. We found similar effects in human ovarian and breast cancer patients whose treatment regimens included platinums. Carboplatin treatment of healthy mice prior to mammary tumor inoculation increased cancer metastasis as compared to no pre-treatment. These platinum-induced phenomena could be blocked by VEGFR3 inhibition. These findings have implications for cancer patients receiving platinums and may support the inclusion of anti-VEGFR3 therapy into treatment regimens or differential design of treatment regimens to alter these potential effects.
A Novel Gene Signature of Tripartite Motif Family for Predicting the Prognosis in Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma and Its Association With Immune Cell Infiltration
Authors: Zheng Di , Zhang Yunlong , Xia Yuqi , Cheng Fan
Published: March 2022

Given the importance of tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins in diverse cellular biological processes and that their dysregulation contributes to cancer progression, we constructed a robust TRIM family signature to stratify patients with kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). Transcriptomic profiles and corresponding clinical information of KIRC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. Prognosis-related TRIM family genes were screened and used to construct a novel TRIM family-based signature for the training cohort. The accuracy and generalizability of the prognostic signature were assessed in testing, entire, and external ICGC cohorts. We analyzed correlations among prognostic signatures, tumor immune microenvironment, and immune cell infiltration. The results of univariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses revealed 27 TRIMs that were robustly associated with the prognosis of patients with KIRC. We applied Lasso regression and multivariate Cox regression analyses to develop a prognostic signature containing the TRIM1, 13, 35, 26, 55, 2, 47, and 27 genes to predict the survival of patients with KIRC. The accuracy and generalizability of this signature were confirmed in internal and external validation cohorts. We also constructed a predictive nomogram based on the signature and the clinicopathological characteristics of sex, age, and T and M status to aid clinical decision-making. We analyzed immune cell infiltration analysis and found that CD8 T cells, memory resting CD4 T cells, and M2 macrophages were the most enriched components in the KIRC tumor immune microenvironment. A higher level of immune infiltration by plasma cells, follicular helper T cells, and activated NK cells, and a lower level of immune infiltration by memory resting CD4 T cells, M1 and M2 macrophages, and resting dendritic cells were associated with higher risk scores. Overall, our eight-gene TRIM family signature has sufficient accuracy and generalizability for predicting the overall survival of patients with KIRC. Furthermore, this prognostic signature is associated with tumor immune status and distinct immune cell infiltrates in the tumor microenvironment.
The Value of Shear Wave Elastography in the Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis and Its Correlation With Molecular Classification of Breast Masses
Authors: Luo Changyun , Lu Li , Zhang Weifu , Li Xiangqi , Zhou Ping , Ran Zhangshen
Published: March 2022

Objective

To explore the diagnostic value of shear wave elastography examination (SWE) on axillary node metastasis (ANM) in breast cancer, this study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the SWE features and different molecular types of breast cancer, and to check the elastic modulus differences among the molecular types.

Methods

Breast cancer patients from November 2020 to December 2021 were subjected to both conventional ultrasonic examination (CUE) and SWE before ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy or axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). We used the pathological results as the gold standard to draw the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results

SWE outperforms CUE, but their conjunctive use is the best option. No significant correlation was found between the elastic modulus values and the molecular types of breast cancer.

Conclusion

SWE can be used as an routine auxiliary method of CUE for ANM.
The iGreenGO Study: The Clinical Role of Indocyanine Green Imaging Fluorescence in Modifying the Surgeon’s Conduct During the Surgical Treatment of Advanced Gastric Cancer—Study Protocol for an International Multicenter Prospective Study
Authors: Lombardi Pietro Maria , Mazzola Michele , Nicastro Vincenzo , Giacopuzzi Simone , Baiocchi Gian Luca , Castoro Carlo , Rosati Riccardo , Fumagalli Romario Uberto , Bonavina Luigi , Staderini Fabio , Gockel Ines , Gregori Dario , De Martini Paolo , Gualtierotti Monica , Danieli Maria , Beretta Simona , Mutignani Massimiliano , Forti Edoardo , Ferrari Giovanni
Published: March 2022

Background

The near-infrared/indocyanine green imaging fluorescence (NIR/ICG) technology is showing promising results in several fields of surgical oncology. The clinical value of NIR/ICG technology in the surgical treatment of advanced gastric cancer (AGC) is not clearly established.

Methods

This is the protocol of the “iGreenGO” (indocyanine Green Gastric Observation) Study, a national prospective multicenter study. Western patients who undergo curative-intent gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy for AGC constitute the study cohort. All the patients undergo preoperative upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for submucosal peritumoral ICG injection at the most 20 h before surgery. Intraoperative endoscopic injection before starting surgical dissection is also allowed. The primary endpoint is the “change in the surgical conduct” (CSC), i.e., the need to perform further dissection after intraoperative NIR/ICG technology activation at the end of D2 lymphadenectomy. Secondary endpoints include the pattern of abdominal fluorescence distribution according to tumor and patient characteristics, the preoperative clinical variables potentially associated with CSC, and the incidence of stage migration due to NIR/ICG application.

Discussion

The iGreenGO Study is the first study to investigate the clinical role of NIR/ICG technology for the surgical treatment of AGC in a large cohort of Western patients. Results from the present study can further clarify the role of NIR/ICG technology in surgical lymphadenectomy for AGC.
mRNA-COVID19 Vaccination Can Be Considered Safe and Tolerable for Frail Patients
Authors: Lupo-Stanghellini Maria Teresa , Di Cosimo Serena , Costantini Massimo , Monti Sara , Mantegazza Renato , Mantovani Alberto , Salvarani Carlo , Zinzani Pier Luigi , Inglese Matilde , Ciceri Fabio , Apolone Giovanni , Ciliberto Gennaro , Baldanti Fausto , Morrone Aldo , Sinno Valentina , Locatelli Franco , Notari Stefania , Turola Elena , Giannarelli Diana , Silvestris Nicola
Published: March 2022

Background

Frail patients are considered at relevant risk of complications due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and, for this reason, are prioritized candidates for vaccination. As these patients were originally not included in the registration trials, fear related to vaccine adverse events and disease worsening was one of the reasons for vaccine hesitancy. Herein, we report the safety profile of the prospective, multicenter, national VAX4FRAIL study (NCT04848493) to evaluate vaccines in a large trans-disease cohort of patients with solid or hematological malignancies and neurological and rheumatological diseases.

Methods

Between March 3 and September 2, 2021, 566 patients were evaluable for safety endpoint: 105 received the mRNA-1273 vaccine and 461 the BNT162b2 vaccine. Frail patients were defined per protocol as patients under treatment with hematological malignancies (n = 131), solid tumors (n = 191), immune-rheumatological diseases (n = 86), and neurological diseases (n = 158), including multiple sclerosis and generalized myasthenia. The impact of the vaccination on the health status of patients was assessed through a questionnaire focused on the first week after each vaccine dose.

Results

The most frequently reported moderate–severe adverse events were pain at the injection site (60.3% after the first dose, 55.4% after the second), fatigue (30.1%–41.7%), bone pain (27.4%–27.2%), and headache (11.8%–18.9%). Risk factors associated with the occurrence of severe symptoms after vaccine administration were identified through a multivariate logistic regression analysis: age was associated with severe fever presentation (younger patients vs. middle-aged vs. older ones), female individuals presented a higher probability of severe pain at the injection site, fatigue, headache, and bone pain; and the mRNA-1237 vaccine was associated with a higher probability of severe pain at the injection site and fever. After the first dose, patients presenting a severe symptom were at a relevant risk of recurrence of the same severe symptom after the second one. Overall, 11 patients (1.9%) after the first dose and 7 (1.2%) after the second one required postponement or suspension of the disease-specific treatment. Finally, two fatal events occurred among our 566 patients. These two events were considered unrelated to the vaccine.

Conclusions

Our study reports that mRNA-COVID-19 vaccination is safe also in frail patients; as expected, side effects were manageable and had a minimum impact on patient care path.
Ferroptosis-Mediated Formation of Tumor-Promoting Immune Microenvironment
Authors: Bi Qing , Sun Ze-jia , Wu Ji-yue , Wang Wei
Published: March 2022

Ferroptosis is a newly proposed programmed cell death that has great potential in limiting tumor progression and malignancies that are resistant to conventional therapies. However, recent reports have shown that ferroptosis in the tumor microenvironment can provide a favorable environment to promote tumor survival and progression, which is induced by the infiltration and polarization of pro-tumor immune cells and the dysfunction of anti-tumor immunity. In this mini-review, we introduce the mechanisms of ferroptosis, describe the crosstalk between ferroptosis and cancer, demonstrate the potential ways in which ferroptosis shapes the pro-tumor immune microenvironment, and present our thoughts on ferroptosis-based cancer therapies.
Case Report: Novel Anchoring Technique and Surgical Nuances for Trigeminal Ganglion Stimulation in the Treatment of Post-Herpetic Trigeminal Neuropathic Facial Pain
Authors: Gupta Kunal
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Trigeminal ganglion stimulation is a neuromodulatory surgical procedure utilized to treat trigeminal neuropathic pain. This technique involves the placement of a stimulating electrode adjacent to the trigeminal ganglion and can be trialed before permanent implantation. Wider adoption by surgical practitioners is currently limited by complications such as lead migration from the trigeminal ganglion, which can result in loss of therapy and cannot be rectified without repeat surgery. We describe a novel surgical modification that successfully anchors the trigeminal ganglion electrode long-term.

Objective

To describe a novel surgical technique for the anchoring of trigeminal ganglion stimulation electrodes and a case report of a patient with post-herpetic trigeminal neuropathic pain treated with this approach.

Methods

An electrode was inserted percutaneously through the foramen ovale into Meckel's cave, adjacent to the trigeminal ganglion. The lead was anchored using a modification of an existing anchoring device, which was inserted into the buccal incision. The lead was connected to a generator for therapeutic stimulation. The location of the lead was followed radiographically using serial lateral skull radiographs.

Results

A 74-year-old male with post-herpetic trigeminal neuropathic pain, who had failed prior surgical therapies, underwent trigeminal ganglion stimulation. The trial lead was anchored using standard techniques and migrated outward within 7 days, rendering the trial electrode ineffective. The permanent lead was anchored using the described novel technique and remained in position without clinically significant outward migration nor loss in targeted stimulation until the last follow-up at 6 months.

Conclusion

Trigeminal ganglion stimulation is an effective therapeutic option for medically refractory trigeminal neuropathic pain. The novel surgical adaptation described prevents the outward migration of the lead and enables stable long-term lead placement.
Medication Management of Anxiety and Depression by Primary Care Pediatrics Providers: A Retrospective Electronic Health Record Study
Authors: Lester Talia R. , Bannett Yair , Gardner Rebecca M. , Feldman Heidi M. , Huffman Lynne C.
Published: March 2022

Objectives

To describe medication management of children diagnosed with anxiety and/or depression by primary care providers within a primary care network.

Study Design/Methods

We performed a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of electronic health record (EHR) structured data from all children seen at least twice in a 4-year observation period within a network of primary care clinics in Northern California. For children who had visit diagnoses of anxiety, depression, anxiety+depression or symptoms characteristic of these conditions, we analyzed the rates and types of medications prescribed. A logistic regression model considered patient variables for the combined sample.

Results

Of all patients 6–18 years old (N = 59,484), 4.4% (n = 2,635) had a diagnosis of anxiety only, 2.4% (n = 1,433) depression only, and 1.2% (n = 737) both anxiety and depression (anxiety + depression); 18% of children with anxiety and/or depression had comorbid ADHD. A total of 15.0% with anxiety only (n = 357), 20.5% with depression only (n = 285), and 47.4% with anxiety+depression (n=343) were prescribed a psychoactive non-stimulant medication. For anxiety and depression only, the top three medications prescribed were sertraline, fluoxetine, and citalopram. For anxiety + depression, the top three medications prescribed were citalopram, sertraline, and escitalopram. Frequently prescribed medications also included benzodiazepines. Logistic regression modeling showed that the depression only and anxety + depression categories had increased likelihood of medication prescription. Older age and mental health comorbidities were independently associated with increased likelihood of medication prescription.

Conclusions

In this network, ~8% of children carried a diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression. Medication choices generally aligned with current recommendations with the exception of use of benzodiazepines.
Case Report: Clinical and Hematological Characteristics of εγδβ Thalassemia in an Italian Patient
Authors: Fotzi Ilaria , Pegoraro Francesco , Chiocca Elena , Casini Tommaso , Mogni Massimo , Veltroni Marinella , Favre Claudio
Published: March 2022

Introduction

εγδβ thalassemia is a rare form of β-thalassemia mostly described in children originating from Northern Europe. Only anecdotic cases from the Mediterranean area are reported. The diagnosis is challenging, considering the rarity of the disease and its heterogeneous clinical presentation. Most patients have neonatal microcytic anemia, sometimes requiring in utero and/or neonatal transfusions, and typically improving with age.

Case Description

We report on an Italian newborn presenting with severe neonatal anemia that required red blood cell transfusion. After the first months of life, hemoglobin levels improved with residual very low mean corpuscular volume. β and α thalassemia, IRIDA syndrome, and sideroblastic anemia were excluded. Finally, a diagnosis of εγδβ thalassemia was made after microarray analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms revealed a 26 kb single copy loss of chromosome 11p15.4, including the HBD, HBBP1, HBG1, and HBB genes.

Conclusions

Despite its rarity, the diagnosis of εγδβ thalassemia should be considered in newborns with severe neonatal anemia requiring in utero and/or neonatal transfusions, but also in older infants with microcytic anemia, after excluding more prevalent red blood cell disorders.
Accuracy and Trending Ability of Electrical Biosensing Technology for Non-invasive Cardiac Output Monitoring in Neonates: A Systematic Qualitative Review
Authors: Van Wyk Lizelle , Gupta Samir , Lawrenson John , de Boode Willem-Pieter
Published: March 2022

Background

Electrical biosensing technology (EBT) is an umbrella term for non-invasive technology utilizing the body’s fluctuating resistance to electrical current flow to estimate cardiac output. Monitoring cardiac output in neonates may allow for timely recognition of hemodynamic compromise and allow for prompt therapy, thereby mitigating adverse outcomes. For a new technology to be safely used in the clinical environment for therapeutic decisions, it must be proven to be accurate, precise and be able to track temporal changes. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and analyze studies that describe the accuracy, precision, and trending ability of EBT to non-invasively monitor Left ventricular cardiac output and/or stroke volume in neonates.

Methods

A qualitative systematic review was performed. Studies were identified from PubMed NCBI, SCOPUS, and EBSCOHost up to November 2021, where EBT technologies were analyzed in neonates, in comparison to a reference technology. Outcome measures were bias, limits of agreement, percentage error for agreement studies and data from 4-quadrant and polar plots for trending studies. Effect direction plots were used to present results.

Results

Fifteen neonatal studies were identified, 14 for agreement and 1 for trending analysis. Only thoracic electrical biosensing technology (TEBT), with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) as the comparator, studies were available for analyzes. High heterogeneity existed between studies. An equal number of studies showed over- and underestimation of left ventricular output parameters. All studies showed small bias, wide limits of agreement, with most studies having a percentage error >30%. Sub-analyses for respiratory support mode, cardiac anomalies and type of technology showed similar results. The single trending study showed poor concordance, high angular bias, and poor angular concordance.

Discussion

Overall, TEBT shows reasonable accuracy, poor precision, and non-interchangeability with TTE. However, high heterogeneity hampered proper analysis. TEBT should be used with caution in the neonatal population for monitoring and determining therapeutic interventions. The use of TEBT trend monitoring has not been sufficiently studied and requires further evaluation in future trials.
Metformin Inhibits NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP)-Relevant Neuroinflammation via an Adenosine-5′-Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK)-Dependent Pathway to Alleviate Early Brain Injury After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice
Authors: Jin Lei , Jin Fa , Guo Shenquan , Liu Wenchao , Wei Boyang , Fan Haiyan , Li Guangxu , Zhang Xin , Su Shixing , Li Ran , Fang Dazhao , Duan Chuanzhi , Li Xifeng
Published: March 2022

Neuroinflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Previous studies have shown that metformin exerts anti-inflammatory effects and promotes functional recovery in various central nervous system diseases. We designed this study to investigate the effects of metformin on EBI after SAH. Our results indicate that the use of metformin alleviates the brain edema, behavioral disorders, cell apoptosis, and neuronal injury caused by SAH. The SAH-induced NLRP3-associated inflammatory response and the activation of microglia are also suppressed by metformin. However, we found that the blockade of AMPK with compound C weakened the neuroprotective effects of metformin on EBI. Collectively, our findings indicate that metformin exerts its neuroprotective effects by inhibiting neuroinflammation in an AMPK-dependent manner, by modulating the production of NLRP3-associated proinflammatory factors and the activation of microglia.
Effectiveness of Urate-Lowering Therapy for Renal Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Liang Xiuping , Liu Xiang , Li Duohui , Qin Wei , Liu Yi
Published: March 2022

Background and Objective: Hyperuricemia is closely related to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The effects of urate-lowering therapy (ULT) on renal outcomes are uncertain, and whether it is warranted in CKD patients is currently unclear. The aim of our meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was to assess the effectiveness and safety of ULT for improving kidney function in patients with CKD.

Methods: RCTs were retrieved from the PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. The meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager and Stata/SE software. The outcomes were changes in renal function and serum uric acid (SUA), serum creatinine, and adverse events.

Results: Twelve RCTs with 1,469 participants were included in the meta-analysis. ULT was found to effectively lower SUA (standard mean difference (SMD): -2.70; 95% confidence interval (CI): -3.71, -1.69) but the renoprotective effects were not superior to those of control therapy (placebo or usual therapy), which were stable in the subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. Regarding adverse events, their risks did not increase in the ULT group compared with the control group and were stable in the sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion: The findings of our meta-analysis suggested that ULT can effectively lower SUA, but there is insufficient evidence to support the renoprotective effects of ULT in CKD patients. In addition, ULT is safe for patients with CKD.

Systematic Review Registration:https://clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier PROSPERO (CRD42020200550).
Effectiveness Comparisons of Drug Therapy on Chronic Subdural Hematoma Recurrence: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Yu Wanli , Chen Weifu , Jiang Yongxiang , Ma Mincai , Zhang Wei , Zhang Xiaolin , Cheng Yuan
Published: March 2022

Objectives: We aim to compare the effectiveness of different drug treatments in improving recurrence in patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH).

Methods: Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective trials were searched in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase, from database inception to December 2021. After the available studies following inclusion and exclusion criteria were screened, the main outcome measures were strictly extracted. Taking the random-effects model, dichotomous data were determined and extracted by odds ratio (OR) with 95% credible interval (CrI), and a surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was generated to calculate the ranking probability of comparative effectiveness among each drug intervention. Moreover, we used the node-splitting model to evaluate inconsistency between direct and indirect comparisons of our network meta-analysis (NMA). Funnel plots were used to evaluate publication bias.

Results: From the 318 articles found during initial citation screening, 11 RCTs and 3 prospective trials (n = 3,456 participants) were ultimately included in our study. Our NMA results illustrated that atorvastatin + dexamethasone (ATO+DXM) (OR = 0.06, 95% CrI 0.01, 0.89) was the most effective intervention to improve recurrence in patients with CSDH (SUCRA = 89.40%, 95% CrI 0.29, 1.00). Four drug interventions [ATO+DXM (OR = 0.06, 95% CrI 0.01, 0.89), DXM (OR = 0.18, 95% CrI 0.07, 0.41), tranexamic acid (TXA) (OR = 0.26, 95% CrI 0.07, 0.41), and ATO (OR = 0.41, 95% CrI 0.12, 0.90)] achieved statistical significance in improving recurrence in CSDH patients compared with the placebo (PLB) or standard neurosurgical treatment (SNT) group.

Conclusion: Our NMA showed that ATO+DXM, DXM, ATO, and TXA had definite efficacy in improving recurrence in CSDH patients. Among them, ATO+DXM is the best intervention for improving recurrence in patients with CSDH in this particular population. Multicenter rigorous designed prospective randomized trials are still needed to evaluate the role of various drug interventions in improving neurological function or outcome.

Systematic Review Registration: (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=299491), identifier (CRD 42022299491).
So Similar, yet so Different: The Case of the Ionic Liquids N-Trimethyl-N (2-methoxyethyl)ammonium Bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide and N,N-Diethyl-N-methyl-N(2-methoxyethyl)ammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide
Authors: Palumbo Oriele , Sarra Angelo , Brubach Jean-Blaise , Trequattrini Francesco , Cimini Adriano , Brutti Sergio , Appetecchi Giovanni Battista , Simonetti Elisabetta , Maresca Giovanna , Fantini Sébastien , Lin Rongying , Falgayrat Anaïs , Roy Pascale , Paolone Annalisa
Published: March 2022

Two ethoxy containing ionic liquids (ILs) sharing the same anion, N-trimethyl-N (2-methoxyethyl)ammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (N111(2O1)-TFSI) and N,N-diethyl-N-methyl-N (2-methoxyethyl)ammonium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (N122(2O1)-TFSI), and their mixtures are studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry and infrared spectroscopy combined with DFT calculations. The two ILs, slightly differing only for the length of two short chains, diverge significantly in the thermal properties: N111(2O1)-TFSI undergoes to a crystallization upon cooling, whereas N122(2O1)-TFSI is likely to become a glass. Experimental results indicate that in N111(2O1)-TFSI the occurrence of hydrogen bonding is energetically favored, and become particularly evident in the solid phase. The comparison with computational results indicates that it could be ascribed to the CH bonds involving the C atoms directly linked to the central N atom. In N122(2O1)-TFSI, DFT calculations suggest that hydrogen bonding could take place; however, IR measurements suggest that hydrogen bonding is not energetically favored. Moreover, in N122(2O1)-TFSI there is a larger conformational disorder that prevents from the alignment of cation and anion that contributes to the detection of clear hydrogen bonding infrared active bands. The mixtures rich in N111(2O1)-TFSI crystallize at lower temperatures than the pure ionic liquid. Progressively, the energy gain due to the instauration of hydrogen bonding decreases as the concentration of N122(2O1)-TFSI increases.
Effects of Cardiac Telerehabilitation During COVID-19 on Cardiorespiratory Capacities in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Fanget Marie , Bayle Manon , Labeix Pierre , Roche Frédéric , Hupin David
Published: March 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic led to the closure of most cardiac therapy centers. One of the solutions was to adapt the existing cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program in an institute to a remote approach offered by home-based telerehabilitation. The aim of this study was to measure the cardiorespiratory effects of telerehabilitation compared to conventional center-based CR.

Methods

Patients were assigned to two 3-week CR programs: telerehabilitation and conventional center-based CR. The telerehabilitation group wore a connected watch to monitor heart rate (HR) and gave their perception of effort according to a modified Borg scale. The exercise training (four sessions/week) consisted of 1-h aerobic endurance and strength training session at the target HR zone determined by results based on cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and perception of effort, respectively. The exercise protocol was the same for conventional CR participants except the duration of session that lasted 2 h instead of one. The week before and after the training program, peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak), oxygen uptake at first ventilatory threshold (VO2 at VT1), peak workload, percent of predicted maximum HR, and the absolute differences in HR and systolic blood pressure between maximum and recovery at 1 and 3 min were measured using a CPET. A two-way ANOVA with one repeated measure and one independent factor was performed.

Results

Fifty-four patients (mean age: 61.5 ± 8.6 years, 10 women) equally split in the two groups were included in this experiment. A significant increase was observed in both groups on VO2 peak (telerehabilitation: 8.1 ± 7.8% vs. conventional: 10.1 ± 9.7%, p < 0.001), VO2 at VT1 (telerehabilitation: 8.8 ± 4.4% vs. conventional: 7.3 ± 19.0%, p = 0.02) and peak workload (telerehabilitation: 16.6 ± 18.9% vs. conventional: 17.2 ± 7.0%, p < 0.001) after the 3-week telerehabilitation and conventional CR, respectively. No significant difference was noticed between both groups.

Conclusion

A 3-week exercise program improved patients’ cardiorespiratory fitness. Telerehabilitation was as effective and represents a safe alternative CR program during the COVID-19 period. In the future, this approach could facilitate the continuity of care for patients unable to participate in center-based CR.
An Investigation of the Altered Textural Property in Woody Breast Myopathy Using an Integrative Omics Approach
Authors: Welter Amelia A. , Wu Wan Jun , Maurer Ryan , O’Quinn Travis G. , Chao Michael D. , Boyle Daniel L. , Geisbrecht Erika R. , Hartson Steve D. , Bowker Brian C. , Zhuang Hong
Published: March 2022

Woody breast (WB) is a myopathy observed in broiler Pectoralis major (PM) characterized by its tough and rubbery texture with greater level of calcium content. The objective of this study was to investigate the functionality/integrity of WB sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), which may contribute to the elevated calcium content observed in WB and other factors that may influence WB texture. Fourteen Ross line broiler PM [7 severe WB and 7 normal (N)] were selected, packaged, and frozen at −20°C at 8 h postmortem from a commercial processing plant. Samples were used to measure pH, sarcomere length, proteolysis, calpain activity, collagenase activity, collagen content, collagen crosslinks density, and connective tissue peak transitional temperature. Exudate was also collected from each sample to evaluate free calcium concentration. The SR fraction of the samples was separated and utilized for proteomic and lipidomic analysis. The WB PM had a higher pH, shorter sarcomeres, lower % of intact troponin-T, more autolyzed μ/m calpain, more activated collagenase, greater collagen content, greater mature collagen crosslinks density, and higher connective tissue peak transitional temperature than the N PM (p ≤ 0.05). Exudate from WB PM had higher levels of free calcium than those from N PM (p < 0.05). Proteomics data revealed an upregulation of calcium transport proteins and a downregulation of proteins responsible for calcium release (p < 0.05) in WB SR. Interestingly, there was an upregulation of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), and cholinesterase exhibited a 7.6-fold increase in WB SR (p < 0.01). Lipidomics data revealed WB SR had less relative % of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and more lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC; p < 0.05). The results indicated that upregulation of calcium transport proteins and downregulation of calcium-release proteins in WB SR may be the muscle’s attempt to regulate this proposed excessive signaling of calcium release due to multiple factors, such as upregulation of PLA2 resulting in PC hydrolysis and presence of cholinesterase inhibitors in the system prolonging action potential. In addition, the textural abnormality of WB may be the combined effects of shorter sarcomere length and more collagen with greater crosslink density being deposited in the broiler PM.
CONSTANS Polymorphism Modulates Flowering Time and Maturity in Soybean
Authors: Awal Khan Mohammad Abdul , Zhang Shouwei , Emon Reza Mohammad , Chen Fulu , Song Wenwen , Wu Tingting , Yuan Shan , Wu Cunxiang , Hou Wensheng , Sun Shi , Fu Yongfu , Jiang Bingjun , Han Tianfu
Published: March 2022

CONSTANS (CO) plays a critical role in the photoperiodic flowering pathway. However, the function of soybean CO orthologs and the molecular mechanisms in regulating flowering remain largely unknown. This study characterized the natural variations in CO family genes and their association with flowering time and maturity in soybeans. A total of 21 soybean CO family genes (GmCOLs) were cloned and sequenced in 128 varieties covering 14 known maturity groups (MG 0000-MG X from earliest to latest maturity). Regarding the whole genomic region involving these genes, GmCOL1, GmCOL3, GmCOL8, GmCOL9, GmCOL10, and GmCOL13 were conserved, and the remaining 15 genes showed genetic variation that was brought about by mutation, namely, all single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertions-deletions (InDels). In addition, a few genes showed some strong linkage disequilibrium. Point mutations were found in 15 GmCOL genes, which can lead to changes in the potential protein structure. Early flowering and maturation were related to eight genes (GmCOL1/3/4/8/13/15/16/19). For flowering and maturation, 11 genes (GmCOL2/5/6/14/20/22/23/24/25/26/28) expressed divergent physiognomy. Haplotype analysis indicated that the haplotypes of GmCOL5-Hap2, GmCOL13-Hap2/3, and GmCOL28-Hap2 were associated with flowering dates and soybean maturity. This study helps address the role of GmCOL family genes in adapting to diverse environments, particularly when it is necessary to regulate soybean flowering dates and maturity.
Acculturation and Anger Expression Among Iranian Migrants in Germany
Authors: Gilan Donya , Werner Antonia M. , Hahad Omar , Lieb Klaus , Frankenberg Emily , Bongard Stephan
Published: March 2022

Cultural and biographical influences on the expression of emotions manifest themselves in so-called “display rules.” These rules determine the time, intensity, and situations in which an emotion is expressed. To date, only a small number of empirical studies deal with this transformation of how migrants, who are faced with a new culture, may change their emotional expression. The present, cross-sectional study focuses on changes in anger expression as part of a complex acculturation process among Iranian migrants. To this end, Iranian citizens in Iran (n = 61), German citizens (n = 61), and Iranian migrants in Germany (n = 60) were compared in terms of anger expression behavior and acculturation strategy (assimilation, separation, integration, marginalization) was assessed among the migrants, using the Frankfurt Acculturation Scale (FRACC). A questionnaire developed in a preliminary study was used to measure anger expression via subjective anger experience and anger expression within 16 hypothetical situations. Multivariate Analyses of Variance (MANOVA) revealed that Iranians and Iranian migrants reported higher anger experience ratings than Germans and directed their anger more often inward (anger-in). Further findings suggest that transformation processes may have affected Iranian migrants in terms of suppressed anger (anger-in): Iranian migrants with a higher orientation toward German culture reported lower average anger-in scores. These results suggest that there was different emotional expression among Iranian migrants, depending on their acculturation. The results provide new insight into socio-cultural and individual adjustment processes.
How Determinants of Employee Innovation Behavior Matter During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Investigating Cross-Regional Role via Multi-Group Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling Analysis
Authors: Cao Caixia , Peng Michael Yao-Ping , Xu Yan
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic cropping up at the end of 2019 started to pose a threat to millions of people’s health and life after a few weeks. Nevertheless, the COVID-19 pandemic gave rise to social and economic problems that have changed the progress steps of individuals and the whole nation. In this study, the work conditions for employees from Taiwan, Malaysia, and the Chinese mainland are explored and compared, and the relationship between support mechanisms and innovation behaviors (IB) is evaluated with a view of the social cognitive career theory. This study adopts the cross-sectional survey and purposive sampling to collect questionnaires. A total of 623 copies of a questionnaire from Taiwanese, 440 copies from Malaysians, and 513 copies from mainlanders were collected in this study to compare the three groups in developing employees’ IBs. Smart-partial least squares for partial least squares structural equation modeling was applied in the structural model to conduct a verification of the hypotheses and comparative analysis in this study. According to the findings, compared with employees from the Chinese mainland, the Taiwanese and Malaysian samples show more significant paths regarding employee employability, IB, prior knowledge, perceived organizational support, self-efficacy, and job performance. Our results will offer more insights and advice concerning theories of human resource.
Teaching Strategies and Psychological Effects of Entrepreneurship Education for College Students Majoring in Social Security Law Based on Deep Learning and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Zhu Qinlei , Zhang Hao
Published: March 2022

This study aims to achieve the goal of cultivating and reserving emerging professional talents in social security law, improve the curriculum and mechanism of entrepreneurship education, and improve students’ entrepreneurial willingness and entrepreneurial ability. Deep learning technology is used to study the psychological effects of entrepreneurship education for college students majoring in social security law. Firstly, the concept of entrepreneurial psychology is elaborated and summarized. A related model is designed using the theory of proactive personality and planned behavior through questionnaire survey and regression analysis to explore the relationship between students’ entrepreneurial psychology and entrepreneurial intention. Secondly, an entrepreneurship education method based on deep learning is proposed, and a teaching model of multi-dimensional collaborative entrepreneurship education practice is constructed. On this basis, the deep learning algorithm combines the characteristics of the personalized recommendation algorithm to construct an efficient Problem-Based Learning (PBL) learning resource recommendation algorithm. Finally, the proposed method is tested. The results show that the Significant (Sig.) value of students who have participated in PBL deep learning courses is less than 0.05, indicating that PBL significantly improves students’ learning ability and the ability to deal with entrepreneurial environments. The results verify the impact of entrepreneurial learning on entrepreneurial intentions. The research on PBL online learning recommendation system shows that the proposed recommendation algorithm is superior to the traditional recommendation algorithm in both roots mean square error value and mean absolute error value on both datasets. The proposed method provides a new idea of reform and innovation to cultivate social security law professionals and the cultivation of the reserve model.
Flourishing Beyond Borders: Facilitating the Well-Being of Accompanying Expatriate Partners
Authors: Botha Truida , Potgieter Johan C. , Botha Karel F. H.
Published: March 2022

One of the leading causes for failing at expatriate assignments is the accompanying expatriate partners’ (AEPs) unhappiness with life abroad or inability to adjust to the challenges of the host country. Strength-based therapeutic interventions have the potential to increase individuals’ mental health and well-being. The current study formed part of a multimethod study consisting of three related but independent sub-studies. The first sub-study identified the strengths of Gratitude, Curiosity and Hope to be positively associated with AEPs’ resilience and well-being. These results were used to construct a quantitative model that illustrates the interplay between these constructs. In the second sub-study, the proposed model was qualitatively reviewed by a smaller group of AEPs to inform and enrich our understanding of AEPs’ personal experiences of these constructs. In the current study, a panel of practicing psychologists who provide counselling services for South African expatriates and AEPs were asked to qualitatively review a proposed quantitative model. A cross-sectional, interpretive descriptive research design, applying purposive sampling was used to identify and recruit participants. The objective for the current study was firstly to ascertain why participants thought strengths of Gratitude, Curiosity and Hope featured so prominently in the model. Secondly, the study aimed to determine how these participants would, from their experience in working with AEPs, enhance these strengths and AEPs’ resilience in therapy, and ultimately facilitate greater well-being and successful adjustment abroad. Participants completed an online questionnaire consisting of two semi-structured, open-ended questions. The data were analyzed using primary and secondary cycle coding to ultimately develop themes. Results indicated that strengths of Curiosity, Gratitude and Hope featured prominently because these strengths include elements that form part of the process of expatriation. Participants were able to suggest practical strength-based therapeutic techniques which would assist in enhancement of strengths, resilience and ultimately well-being. It is proposed that the therapeutic techniques and approaches suggested in this study could contribute to the success rate of expatriate assignments.
Health Literacy and Health Outcomes in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: An Explorative Study
Authors: Azkan Ture Deniz , Bhattacharya Sudip , Demirci Hakan , Yildiz Tekin
Published: March 2022

Aim

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between health literacy (HL) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity.

Methods

Pulmonary function test, sociodemographic features, Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale, COPD assessment test (CAT), and the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire were used. The study examined 13,760 patients who underwent a pulmonary function test. Out of 13,760 patients, 673 patients had FEV1/FVC values less than 70%. Those with FEV1/FVC< 0.70 (n = 336) after the reversibility test were included in the study.

Results

There was a significant decrease in HL and an increase in COPD severity (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the risk of severe COPD was 2.74 times higher in patients in the poor income level than in patients in the good income level. In patients with inadequate HL, the risk of developing severe COPD was 1.80 times higher. A significant difference was found in HL index scores among the groups in terms of education level and income level (p < 0.001; p < 0.001, respectively). The most difficult topics for patients with COPD were periodic health examinations, good practices in mental health, and adult vaccinations.

Conclusions

Patients with COPD were found to be at a HL level well below the expected level. The risk of severe COPD increased with poor income and inadequate HL. Healthcare providers should be careful in accessing, understanding, and interpreting the health information of patients with inadequate HL. Therefore, patient education should be prioritized in the follow-up and in the treatment of patients with COPD. Physicians should pay maximum attention to patients with COPD in the regular use of drugs, their proper use, in taking preventive measures, and in adult vaccination.