bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Experience and local memory of older people in the face of disasters: a systematic review
Authors: Navarrete-Valladares Camila , Sandoval-Díaz José , Sandoval-Obando Eduardo
Published: May 2023

Introduction

The increase in population aging establishes new risk scenarios in the face of the intensification of disasters due to climate change; however, previous experiences and collective memory would generate opportunities for older people to acquire adaptive and coping capacities in the face of these events.

Objective

To analyze the theoretical-methodological characteristics presented by the studies carried out between the years 2012 and 2022 about the experience and collective memory of the older adult in the face of climate change.

Method

A systematic literature review (SLR) was carried out following the guidelines of the PRISMA statement. The databases consulted were Web of Science, Scopus, EBSCO host, and Redalyc, selecting 40 articles in Spanish, English, and Portuguese.

Results

The importance of experience and collective memory in the face of disasters as an adaptive factor in older people was identified. In addition, sharing experiences allows them to give new meaning to what happened, emphasizing confidence in their personal resources and self-management capacity and fostering perceived empowerment.

Discussion

It is essential that in future studies the knowledge provided by the older adult can be privileged, recognizing the importance of their life histories and favoring the active role in their development and wellbeing.
Transformative community projects in East Germany's rural spaces: exploring more sustainable forms of learning, working, and living
Authors: Broecher Joachim , Painter Janet F.
Published: May 2023

Increasingly people experience alienation in educational institutions, in work life, and fragmentation in their personal life. This study explores more self-determined, healthy, and sustainable forms of working, learning, and living through a dynamic process that began in 2020 with the purchase of an old homestead in Eastern Germany. Through the remodeling of the buildings and grounds, the first social and cultural references emerged. Along with practical uses, the farm project sees itself as a future workshop or think tank. The resulting consideration includes ideas of compulsory schooling woven into a self-designed format and the introduction of an unconditional basic income. These components could lead to thousands of such projects in rural and urban areas. Drawing from communitarianism, the belief is that an active civil society must take on social, economic, and educational responsibilities and offer children and young people improved conditions in which to grow up. Theory development on the individual components exists, such as entrepreneurship, transformation, community-building, basic income, or self-directed learning but not on the interaction of these variables in the overall context. We tentatively call this integrated design a transformative community project.
Impacts of self-confidence cultivation combined with family collaborative nursing on the hope level, stigma and exercise tolerance in patients undergoing radical resection of pulmonary carcinoma
Authors: Ye Fei , Wu YouHong
Published: May 2023

Objective

To analyze the impacts of self-confidence cultivation combined with family collaborative nursing on the hope level, stigma and exercise tolerance in patients undergoing radical resection of pulmonary carcinoma.

Methods

In this expeirment, 79 patients who underwent radical resection of pulmonary carcinoma in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2021, were selected as research objects, and they were divided into two groups according to the date of admission. The control group (n = 39) was given routine care, while the study group (n = 40) was given self-confidence cultivation combined with family collaborative nursing on the basis of the control group. The hope level, stigma, exercise tolerance, and cancer-related fatigue of the two groups were comparatively analyzed.

Results

The scores of T, P, I dimensions in Herth Hope Inventory (HHI) as well as the total score in the two groups were higher after intervention than before intervention (all P < 0.05).The scores of T, P, I dimensions and total scores of the HHI in the study group were higher as compared with the control group (all P < 0.05). After intervention, the scores of each dimension of the Chinese version of the Lung Cancer Stigma Scale (CLCSS), the modified British Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC), and the scores of each dimension of the Cancer Fatigue Scale (CFS) were lower than before intervention (P < 0.05); the 6-min walk test (6 MWT) result was longer than before intervention (P < 0.05); the scores of each dimension of CLCSS scale, mMRC score, and each dimension of CFS scale in the study group were lower as compared with the control group (P < 0.05) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Self-confidence cultivation combined with family collaborative nursing can promote the hope level of patients undergoing radical resection of pulmonary carcinoma, reduce stigma, enhance exercise endurance, and relieve cancer-related fatigue.
An unusual finding after adrenal surgery: a case series of adrenal schwannomas
Authors: Kostek Mehmet , Unlu Mehmet Taner , Caliskan Ozan , Aygun Nurcihan , Iscan Yalin , Dural Ahmet Cem , Sormaz Ismail Cem , Tunca Fatih , Giles Senyurek Yasemin , Uludag Mehmet
Published: May 2023

Adrenal schwannomas are rare benign tumors with no specific imaging and laboratory findings to diagnose preoperatively. Due to the limited number of cases in the literature, clinical, imaging, and pathological findings are presented in this study. Case 1 is a 61-year-old woman patient who has a 31-mm mass in the right adrenal gland. This mass was nonfunctional; in imaging studies, this mass had a cystic necrotic component, and high 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake was seen. There was no metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) uptake. Laparoscopic transabdominal right adrenalectomy was performed, and the pathology result was consistent with adrenal schwannomas. Case 2 is a 63-year-old man patient who presented with a 38-mm mass in the left adrenal gland. This mass was nonfunctional and similar to that in Case 1; this mass had a cystic component. Laparoscopic transabdominal left adrenalectomy was performed. The diagnosis of adrenal schwannoma with degeneration was revealed. Case 3 was a 72-year-old woman patient admitted to the hospital for a 125-mm left adrenal mass. Similar to Case 1, this mass also had a cystic necrotic component in imaging studies. High FDG uptake was seen, and the patient underwent conventional adrenalectomy due to the suspicion of malignancy. After pathological evaluation, a diagnosis of adrenal schwannoma was made. A main diagnostic challenge in adrenal schwannomas is the preoperative diagnosis. These masses have no pathognomonic finding or specific hormonal function. Imaging findings of these masses may increase the suspicion of malignancy, which may affect decisions for surgery and the surgical technique.
Mutant IDH in Gliomas: Role in Cancer and Treatment Options
Authors: Solomou Georgios , Finch Alina , Asghar Asim , Bardella Chiara
Published: May 2023

Altered metabolism is a common feature of many cancers and, in some cases, is a consequence of mutation in metabolic genes, such as the ones involved in the TCA cycle. Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is mutated in many gliomas and other cancers. Physiologically, IDH converts isocitrate to α-ketoglutarate (α-KG), but when mutated, IDH reduces α-KG to D2-hydroxyglutarate (D2-HG). D2-HG accumulates at elevated levels in IDH mutant tumours, and in the last decade, a massive effort has been made to develop small inhibitors targeting mutant IDH. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge about the cellular and molecular consequences of IDH mutations and the therapeutic approaches developed to target IDH mutant tumours, focusing on gliomas.
Durability Study of Frequent Dry–Wet Cycle on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: Wang Dan , Min Haitao , Sun Weiyi , Zeng Bin , Wu Haiwen
Published: May 2023

Durability is the key issue for the proton exchange membrane fuel cell application and its commercialization. Current research usually uses the accelerated stress test to decrease the experiment time, whereas the performance evolution—especially the internal state evolution—under real use may be different from that under the accelerated stress test. In addition, studies rarely report this kind of durability in real decay scenarios. This paper investigates the seldom-reported impact of dry–wet cycles on durability in terms of open circuit voltage (OCV), inner resistance, and hydrogen crossover current at the condition of 20,000 cycles or the equivalent 400 h, while simultaneously running the test for the same time interval in the control experiment. The mechanical and chemical test is independent. Frequent dry–wet cycles make the OCV decay over 14% compared to 6.9% under the normal decay. Meanwhile, the dry–wet cycle helps to alleviate deterioration in terms of the inner resistance decline (61% vs. 37%) and in terms of the hydrogen crossover current increase (−64% vs. 15%). The inner state evolution is irregular and against common sense. The relationship between the crack, platinum transfer, and the moisture which heals the crack is the potential reason for the above-mentioned phenomena. These findings are beneficial to navigating fuel cell storage.
Digital Art and the Metaverse: Benefits and Challenges
Authors: Hurst William , Spyrou Orestis , Tekinerdogan Bedir , Krampe Caspar
Published: May 2023

As a concept that is somewhat under emergence, the notion of the Metaverse varies across different academic articles. Yet there is a shared view on the benefits to its ongoing implementation, particularly for digital art, where the technology can provide a new metric for artists to showcase and sell their artwork to a global audience with minimal barriers, and for consumers to have an unbounded experience not limited by physical space or museum entry fees. In this article, a contribution is provided to a broader conversation about the future of the digital art and the Metaverse and its role in shaping our online culture. We discuss the concept of the Metaverse, its structure, the role of artificial intelligence and the benefits (and limitations) the technology holds for digital art. For a case study, we develop a 3D art gallery housing an art collection generated using artificial-intelligence-based techniques such as diffusion models. A total of 67 individuals are surveyed from three pools (two in-person and one online-based), with questions relating to the future of digital art, the Metaverse and artificial intelligence. Findings include that the majority of participants were familiar with the concept of the Metaverse and overall, they had a predominately optimistic view of both the use artificial intelligence for art, and the use of the Metaverse to support digital art, with 85.3% of the participants having already seen artificial-intelligence-based artwork. The identification of consumer segments further highlights the importance of finding customised solutions, considering consumers’ heterogenous preferences for AI-generated art. Research presented in this article will be beneficial for those looking to explore the Metaverse for artwork and develop virtual galleries, and the findings further highlight the Metaverse as a potential democratising force in the art world.
Expression of PnSS Promotes Squalene and Oleanolic Acid (OA) Accumulation in Aralia elata via Methyl Jasmonate (MeJA) Induction
Authors: Xu Honghao , Dai Wenxue , Xia Meiling , Guo Wenhua , Zhao Yue , Zhang Shunjie , Gao Wa , You Xiangling
Published: May 2023

Aralia elata is an important herb due to the abundance of pentacyclic triterpenoid saponins whose important precursors are squalene and OA. Here, we found that MeJA treatment promoted both precursors accumulation, especially the latter, in transgenic A. elata, overexpressing a squalene synthase gene from Panax notoginseng(PnSS). In this study, Rhizobium-mediated transformation was used to express the PnSS gene. Gene expression analysis and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used to identify the effect of MeJA on squalene and OA accumulation. The PnSS gene was isolated and expressed in A. elata. Transgenic lines showed a very high expression of the PnSS gene and farnesyl diphosphate synthase gene (AeFPS) and a slightly higher squalene content than the wild-type, but endogenous squalene synthase (AeSS), squalene epoxidase (AeSE), and β-amyrin synthase (Aeβ-AS) gene were decreased as well as OA content. Following one day of MeJA treatment, the expression levels of PeSS, AeSS, and AeSE genes increased significantly. On day 3, the maximum content of both products reached 17.34 and 0.70 mg·g−1, which increased 1.39- and 4.90-fold than in the same lines without treatment. Transgenic lines expressing PnSS gene had a limited capability to promote squalene and OA accumulation. MeJA strongly activated their biosynthesis pathways, leading to enhance yield.
Alternative Evolutionary Pathways in Paspalum Involving Allotetraploidy, Sexuality, and Varied Mating Systems
Authors: Schedler Mara , Reutemann Anna Verena , Hojsgaard Diego Hernán , Zilli Alex Leonel , Brugnoli Elsa Andrea , Galdeano Florencia , Acuña Carlos Alberto , Honfi Ana Isabel , Martínez Eric Javier
Published: May 2023

The genetic systems of Paspalum species have not been extensively studied. We analyzed the ploidy, reproductive mode, mating system, and fertility of four Paspalum species—Paspalum durifolium, Paspalum ionanthum, Paspalum regnellii, and Paspalum urvillei. An analysis of 378 individuals from 20 populations of northeastern Argentina was conducted. All populations of the four Paspalum species were pure tetraploid and had a sexual and stable reproductive mode. However, some populations of P. durifolium and P. ionanthum showed low levels of apospory. Populations of P. durifolium and P. ionanthum had low seed sets under self-pollination but were fertile under open pollination, showing that self-incompatibility likely caused self-sterility. In contrast, populations of P. regnellii or P. urvillei showed no evidence of apospory, and seed sets in both self- and open pollination conditions were high, suggesting that they are self-compatible due to the absence of pollen–pistil molecular incompatibility mechanisms. The evolutionary origin of the four Paspalum species could explain these differences. This study supplies valuable insights into the genetic systems of Paspalum species, which could have implications for their conservation and management.
Bridging Gaps in Peripheral Nerves: From Current Strategies to Future Perspectives in Conduit Design
Authors: Stocco Elena , Barbon Silvia , Emmi Aron , Tiengo Cesare , Macchi Veronica , De Caro Raffaele , Porzionato Andrea
Published: May 2023

In peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) with substance loss, where tensionless end-to-end suture is not achievable, the positioning of a graft is required. Available options include autografts (e.g., sural nerve, medial and lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerves, superficial branch of the radial nerve), allografts (Avance®; human origin), and hollow nerve conduits. There are eleven commercial hollow conduits approved for clinical, and they consist of devices made of a non-biodegradable synthetic polymer (polyvinyl alcohol), biodegradable synthetic polymers (poly(DL-lactide-ε-caprolactone); polyglycolic acid), and biodegradable natural polymers (collagen type I with/without glycosaminoglycan; chitosan; porcine small intestinal submucosa); different resorption times are available for resorbable guides, ranging from three months to four years. Unfortunately, anatomical/functional nerve regeneration requirements are not satisfied by any of the possible alternatives; to date, focusing on wall and/or inner lumen organization/functionalization seems to be the most promising strategy for next-generation device fabrication. Porous or grooved walls as well as multichannel lumens and luminal fillers are the most intriguing options, eventually also including the addition of cells (Schwann cells, bone marrow-derived, and adipose tissue derived stem cells) to support nerve regeneration. This review aims to describe common alternatives for severe PNI recovery with a highlight of future conduits.
Protein Posttranslational Modification in Stemness Remodeling and Its Emerging Role as a Novel Therapeutic Target in Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: Wang Yifei , Tong Man
Published: May 2023

The posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, as critical mechanisms for protein regulation, are well known to enhance the functional diversity of the proteome and dramatically participate in complicated biological processes. Recent efforts in the field of cancer biology have illustrated the extensive landscape of PTMs and their crosstalk with a wide range of pro-tumorigenic signaling pathways that decisively contribute to neoplastic transformation, tumor recurrence, and resistance to oncotherapy. Cancer stemness is an emerging concept that maintains the ability of tumor cells to self-renew and differentiate and has been recognized as the root of cancer development and therapy resistance. In recent years, the PTM profile for modulating the stemness of various tumor types has been identified. This breakthrough has shed light on the underlying mechanisms by which protein PTMs maintain cancer stemness, initiate tumor relapse, and confer resistance to oncotherapies. This review focuses on the latest knowledge of protein PTMs in reprogramming the stemness of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. A deeper understanding of abnormal PTMs in specific proteins or signaling pathways provides an opportunity to specifically target cancer stem cells and highlights the clinical relevance of PTMs as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for patients with GI malignancies.
An Epidemiological Model for Tuberculosis Considering Environmental Transmission and Reinfection
Authors: Li Qiuyun , Wang Fengna
Published: May 2023

As tuberculosis (TB) patients do not have lifetime immunity, environmental transmission is one of the key reasons why TB has not been entirely eradicated. In this study, an SVEIRB model of recurrent TB considering environmental transmission was developed to explore the transmission kinetics of recurrent TB in the setting of environmental transmission, exogenous infection, and prophylaxis. A more thorough explanation of the effect of environmental transmission on recurrent TB can be found in the model’s underlying regeneration numbers. The global stability of disease-free and local equilibrium points can be discussed by looking at the relevant characteristic equations. The Lyapunov functions and the LaSalle invariance principle are used to show that the local equilibrium point is globally stable, and TB will persist if the basic reproduction number is larger. Conversely, the disease will disappear if the basic reproduction number is less than one. The impact of environmental transmission on the spread of tuberculosis was further demonstrated by numerical simulations, which also demonstrated that vaccination and reducing the presence of the virus in the environment are both efficient approaches to control the disease’s spread.
In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation of Red Algae Laurencia obtusa Anticancer Activity
Authors: Monteiro Jéssica Raquel Borges , Rodrigues Ricardo Pereira , Mazzuco Ana Carolina , de Cassia Ribeiro Gonçalves Rita , Bernardino Angelo Fraga , Kuster Ricardo Machado , Kitagawa Rodrigo Rezende
Published: May 2023

Studies estimate that nearly 2 million new cases of gastric cancer will occur worldwide during the next two decades, which will increase mortality associated with cancer and the demand for new treatments. Marine algae of the Laurencia genus have secondary metabolites known for their cytotoxic action, such as terpenes and acetogenins. The species Laurencia obtusa has demonstrated cytotoxicity against many types of tumors in previous analyses. In this study, we determined the structure of terpenes, acetogenins, and one fatty acid of Laurencia using mass spectrometry (ESI-FT-ICR/MS). In vitro cytotoxicity assays were performed with adenocarcinoma gastric cells (AGS) to select the most cytotoxic fraction of the crude extract of L. obtusa. The Hex:AcOEt fraction was the most cytotoxic, with IC50 9.23 µg/mL. The selectivity index of 15.56 shows that the Hex:AcOEt fraction is selective to cancer cells. Compounds obtained from L. obtusa were tested by the analysis of crystallographic complexes. Molecular docking calculations on the active site of the HIF-2α protein showed the highest affinity for sesquiterpene chermesiterpenoid B, identified from HEX:AcOEt fraction, reaching a score of 65.9. The results indicate that L. obtusa presents potential compounds to be used in the treatment of neoplasms, such as gastric adenocarcinoma.
Polymineralic Inclusions in Loparite-(Ce) from the Lovozero Alkaline Massif (Kola Peninsula, Russia): Hydrothermal Association in Miniature
Authors: Mikhailova Julia A. , Pakhomovsky Yakov A. , Selivanova Ekaterina A. , Kompanchenko Alena A.
Published: May 2023

Polymineralic inclusions in loparite-(Ce) in alkaline rocks from the Lovozero massif (Russia) were investigated using electron microprobe analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. A total of 21 mineral species and two groups of minerals (pyrochlore- and labuntsovite-group minerals) were found in these inclusions. Minerals in loparite-hosted inclusions can be divided into two groups: (1) minerals found typically in rocks bearing loparite-(Ce) grains (groundmass minerals) such as aegirine, magnesio-arfvedsonite, potassic feldspar, albite, fluorapatite, etc.; and (2) minerals that were not found in the rock outside of the loparite-(Ce) grains. The latter include lorenzenite, labuntsovite-group minerals, minerals of the neptunite–manganoneptunite series, vinogradovite, catapleiite, fluorite, britholite-(Ce), barylite, genthelvite, and barite, found in the studied samples exclusively inside loparite-(Ce) crystals. The minerals of the second group are typical hydrothermal minerals. We assume that the skeletal crystals of loparite-(Ce), when growing, captured both co-crystallizing minerals and small drops of the mineral-forming solution. Such drops subsequently crystallized within the loparite-(Ce), resulting in the formation of a hydrothermal mineral association.
Self-Potential as a Tool to Monitor Redox Reactions at an Ore Body: A Sandbox Experiment
Authors: Revil André , Su Zhaoyang , Zhu Zhongmin , Maineult Alexis
Published: May 2023

Ore bodies generate natural electrical fields that are measurable at the ground surface. The ground surface signature of this electrical field is called a self-potential anomaly. We developed a sandbox experiment to monitor the evolution of a self-potential anomaly associated with redox processes mediated by bacterial activity at the surface of a buried metallic object crossing the water table. A Bio-Electrochemical Cell (BEC) is formed by a metal bar connecting the upper, oxygen-rich, part of the tank and an aquifer containing an electron donor in the form of acetate. The self-potential response was observed during a period of 327 days. The tomography of the self-potential signature confirms that self-potential tomography is able to locate the metallic target acting as a BEC. In addition, we performed redox potential, pH, and electrical potential measurements over a vertical cross-section of the tank at several time steps to obtain an idea of where the redox front is located. The distributions of the redox potential and pH further demonstrated the development of the oxidation-reduction chemical processes facilitated by the BEC as bacterial communities developed around the metallic bar. The electrical potential anomaly shows that the bacterial communities followed a short period of exponential growth, then a longer period of a sustained population. These results demonstrate the usefulness of the self-potential method in monitoring redox processes at the surface of a buried ore body. Further works will need to combine such self-potential anomalies with induced polarization anomalies through joint inversion.
Seaweeds and Corals from the Brazilian Coast: Review on Biotechnological Potential and Environmental Aspects
Authors: dos Santos Gustavo Souza , de Souza Thais Luz , Teixeira Thaiz Rodrigues , Brandão João Pedro Cezário , Santana Keila Almeida , Barreto Luan Henrique Santos , Cunha Samantha de Souza , dos Santos Daniele Cristina Muniz Batista , Caffrey Conor R. , Pereira Natan Silva , de Freitas Santos Júnior Aníbal
Published: May 2023

Brazil has a megadiversity that includes marine species that are distributed along 800 km of shoreline. This biodiversity status holds promising biotechnological potential. Marine organisms are important sources of novel chemical species, with applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, chemical, and nutraceutical fields. However, ecological pressures derived from anthropogenic actions, including the bioaccumulation of potentially toxic elements and microplastics, impact promising species. This review describes the current status of the biotechnological and environmental aspects of seaweeds and corals from the Brazilian coast, including publications from the last 5 years (from January 2018 to December 2022). The search was conducted in the main public databases (PubChem, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar) and in the Espacenet database (European Patent Office—EPO) and the Brazilian National Property Institute (INPI). Bioprospecting studies were reported for seventy-one seaweed species and fifteen corals, but few targeted the isolation of compounds. The antioxidant potential was the most investigated biological activity. Despite being potential sources of macro- and microelements, there is a literature gap regarding the presence of potentially toxic elements and other emergent contaminants, such as microplastics, in seaweeds and corals from the Brazilian coast.
Preparation of Naphthalene-Based Flame Retardant for High Fire Safety and Smoke Suppression of Epoxy Resin
Authors: Huang Ziqin , Li Fangli , Huang Mingyan , Meng Wenqiao , Rao Wenhui , Lei Yuan , Yu Chuanbai
Published: May 2023

One of the current challenges in the development of flame retardants is the preparation of an environmentally friendly multi-element synergistic flame retardant to improve the flame retardancy, mechanical performance, and thermal performance of composites. This study synthesized an organic flame retardant (APH) using (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (KH-550), 1,4-phthalaadehyde, 1,5-diaminonaphthalene, and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) as raw materials, through the Kabachnik-Fields reaction. Adding APH to epoxy resin (EP) composites could greatly improve their flame retardancy. For instance, UL-94 with 4 wt% APH/EP reached the V-0 rating and had an LOI as high as 31.2%. Additionally, the peak heat release rate (PHRR), average heat release rate (AvHRR), total heat release (THR), and total smoke produced (TSP) of 4% APH/EP were 34.1%, 31.8%, 15.2%, and 38.4% lower than EP, respectively. The addition of APH improved the mechanical performance and thermal performance of the composites. After adding 1% APH, the impact strength increased by 15.0%, which was attributed to the good compatibility between APH and EP. The TG and DSC analyses revealed that the APH/EP composites that incorporated rigid naphthalene ring groups had higher glass transition temperatures (Tg) and a higher amount of char residue (C700). The pyrolysis products of APH/EP were systematically investigated, and the results revealed that flame retardancy of APH was realized by the condensed-phase mechanism. APH has good compatibility with EP, excellent thermal performance, enhanced mechanical performance and rational flame retardancy, and the combustion products of the as-prepared composites complied with the green and environmental protection standards which are also broadly applied in industry.
Hydrangea serrata Hot Water Extract and Its Major Ingredient Hydrangenol Improve Skin Moisturization and Wrinkle Conditions via AP-1 and Akt/PI3K Pathway Upregulation
Authors: Yoon Ji Hye , Park Sang Hee , Yoon Si Eun , Hong Seong Yoon , Lee Jun Bae , Lee Jongsung , Cho Jae Youl
Published: May 2023

Hydrangea serrata is a plant grown in Korea and Japan with a particular natural compound, hydrangenol. H. serrata has been researched for its anti-fungal properties, and ability to attenuate allergies and promote muscle growth. Its ability to reduce skin dryness is poorly understood. For that reason, we investigated whether H. serrata hot water extracts (Hs-WE) can moisturize keratinocytes. In clinical studies (Approval Code: GIRB-21929-NY and approval Date: 5 October 2021), skin wrinkles and skin moisturizing levels were improved in subjects applying 0.5% Hs-WE compared to the placebo group. We confirmed the components of Hs-WE from the LC/MS-MS analysis. Hs-WE and hydrangenol did not show cytotoxicity in HaCaT cells at all concentrations. Cell growth was also promoted by Hs-WE (5–20 µg/mL) and hydrangenol (15–60 µM) in a wound healing assay. Skin moisturizing factors were upregulated by the presence of Hs-WE or hydrangenol, and the hyaluronidases (HYAL) were inhibited at the mRNA level. Meanwhile, COL1A1 was increased by the presence of Hs-WE or hydrangenol. MAPK, AP-1, and Akt/PI3k signaling proteins, which are associated with cell proliferation and moisturizing factors, were increased by the administration of Hs-WE and hydrangenol. Has-1, 2, and 3 levels were enhanced via JNK when using the inhibitors of MAPK proteins and Hs-WE and hydrangenol, respectively. Taken together, Hs-WE could be used as cosmeceutical materials for improving skin conditions.
Twelve Weeks of Oral L-Serine Supplementation Improves Glucose Tolerance, Reduces Visceral Fat Pads, and Reverses the mRNA Overexpression of Renal Injury Markers KIM-1, IL-6, and TNF-α in a Mouse Model of Obesity
Authors: Tran Duyen , Ishaq Muhammad , Yang Cheng , Ahmad Tauseef , Ronci Maurizio , Zuccarini Mariachiara , Myers Stephen , McGowan Courtney , Eri Rajaraman , Henstridge Darren C. , Sonda Sabrina , Caruso Vanni
Published: May 2023

Comorbidities associated with obesity, including diabetes and kidney diseases, greatly increase mortality rates and healthcare costs in obese patients. Studies in animal models and clinical trials have demonstrated that L-serine supplementation is a safe and effective therapeutic approach that ameliorates the consequences of obesity. However, little is known about the effects of L-Serine supplementation following high-fat diet (HFD) consumption and its role in the mRNA expression of markers of kidney injury. We provide a descriptive action by which L-serine administration ameliorated the consequences of HFD consumption in relation to weight loss, glucose homeostasis as well as renal mRNA expression of markers of kidney injury. Our results indicated that L-Serine supplementation in drinking water (1%, ad libitum for 12 weeks) in male C57BL/6J mice promoted a significant reduction in body weight, visceral adipose mass (epididymal and retroperitoneal fat pads) as well as blood glucose levels in mice consuming a HFD. In addition, the amino acid significantly reduced the mRNA expression of the Kidney Injury Marker 1 (KIM-1), P2Y purinoceptor 1 (P2RY1), as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNFα). L-serine administration had no effect on mice consuming a standard chow diet. Collectively, our findings suggest that L-serine is an effective compound for long-term use in animal models and that it ameliorates the metabolic consequences of HFD consumption and reduces the elevated levels of renal pro-inflammatory cytokines occurring in obesity.
Longitudinal Study of the Occurrence of Usutu Virus and West Nile Virus Infections in Birds in a Zoological Garden in Northern Germany
Authors: Bergmann Felicitas , Schmoock-Wellhausen Martina , Fast Christine , Holicki Cora M. , Michel Friederike , Wysocki Patrick , Sadeghi Balal , Groschup Martin H. , Ziegler Ute
Published: May 2023

Usutu virus (USUV) and West Nile virus (WNV) are known to cause diseases and mortalities in bird populations. Since 2010/2011, USUV has circulated in Germany and spread nationwide, while WNV was only introduced into East Germany in 2018. The zoological garden investigated is located in Northern Germany, where USUV infections in wild birds have been detected for several years. In this longitudinal study conducted over a four-year period, zoo birds were sampled biannually and screened for molecular and serological evidence of USUV and WNV. USUV genomes were detected in eight of the sampled birds and whole-genome sequences revealed the circulation of USUV lineages Europe 3 and Africa 3. Of the eight birds infected with USUV during the study period, four died after the infection, while four survived without displaying clinical signs. Furthermore, in a few of the birds, a USUV (re-)infection was confirmed on a serological level with three birds producing USUV-neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) over a period of four years. Nonetheless, in two birds sampled throughout this longitudinal study, neither a USUV nor a WNV infection was evident. In 2022, WNV nAbs were detected for the first time in a juvenile zoo bird, indicating the introduction of the virus into this region.
Conjugation, Prodrug, and Co-Administration Strategies in Support of Nanotechnologies to Improve the Therapeutic Efficacy of Phytochemicals in the Central Nervous System
Authors: Rassu Giovanna , Sorrenti Milena , Catenacci Laura , Pavan Barbara , Ferraro Luca , Gavini Elisabetta , Bonferoni Maria Cristina , Giunchedi Paolo , Dalpiaz Alessandro
Published: May 2023

Phytochemicals, produced as secondary plant metabolites, have shown interesting potential therapeutic activities against neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Unfortunately, poor bioavailability and rapid metabolic processes compromise their therapeutic use, and several strategies are currently proposed for overcoming these issues. The present review summarises strategies for enhancing the central nervous system’s phytochemical efficacy. Particular attention has been paid to the use of phytochemicals in combination with other drugs (co-administrations) or administration of phytochemicals as prodrugs or conjugates, particularly when these approaches are supported by nanotechnologies exploiting conjugation strategies with appropriate targeting molecules. These aspects are described for polyphenols and essential oil components, which can improve their loading as prodrugs in nanocarriers, or be part of nanocarriers designed for targeted co-delivery to achieve synergistic anti-glioma or anti-neurodegenerative effects. The use of in vitro models, able to simulate the blood–brain barrier, neurodegeneration or glioma, and useful for optimizing innovative formulations before their in vivo administration via intravenous, oral, or nasal routes, is also summarised. Among the described compounds, quercetin, curcumin, resveratrol, ferulic acid, geraniol, and cinnamaldehyde can be efficaciously formulated to attain brain-targeting characteristics, and may therefore be therapeutically useful against glioma or neurodegenerative diseases.
Medical Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Current Approaches and Investigational Drugs
Authors: Jin Qi , Chen Dandan , Zhang Xiaochun , Zhang Feng , Zhong Dongxiang , Lin Dawei , Guan Lihua , Pan Wenzhi , Zhou Daxin , Ge Junbo
Published: May 2023

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a malignant pulmonary vascular syndrome characterized by a progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure, which eventually leads to right heart failure and even death. Although the exact mechanism of PAH is not fully understood, pulmonary vasoconstriction, vascular remodeling, immune and inflammatory responses, and thrombosis are thought to be involved in the development and progression of PAH. In the era of non-targeted agents, PAH had a very dismal prognosis with a median survival time of only 2.8 years. With the deep understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism of PAH as well as advances in drug research, PAH-specific therapeutic drugs have developed rapidly in the past 30 years, but they primarily focus on the three classical signaling pathways, namely the endothelin pathway, nitric oxide pathway, and prostacyclin pathway. These drugs dramatically improved pulmonary hemodynamics, cardiac function, exercise tolerance, quality of life, and prognosis in PAH patients, but could only reduce pulmonary arterial pressure and right ventricular afterload to a limited extent. Current targeted agents delay the progression of PAH but cannot fundamentally reverse pulmonary vascular remodeling. Through unremitting efforts, new therapeutic drugs such as sotatercept have emerged, injecting new vitality into this field. This review comprehensively summarizes the general treatments for PAH, including inotropes and vasopressors, diuretics, anticoagulants, general vasodilators, and anemia management. Additionally, this review elaborates the pharmacological properties and recent research progress of twelve specific drugs targeting three classical signaling pathways, as well as dual-, sequential triple-, and initial triple-therapy strategies based on the aforementioned targeted agents. More crucially, the search for novel therapeutic targets for PAH has never stopped, with great progress in recent years, and this review outlines the potential PAH therapeutic agents currently in the exploratory stage to provide new directions for the treatment of PAH and improve the long-term prognosis of PAH patients.
Identification of High Tolerance to Jujube Witches’ Broom in Indian Jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) and Mining Differentially Expressed Genes Related to the Tolerance through Transcriptome Analysis
Authors: Xu Yaru , Wang Chao , Kong Decang , Cao Ming , Zhang Qiong , Tahir Muhammad , Yang Ying , Yang Shuang , Bo Wenhao , Pang Xiaoming
Published: May 2023

The jujube witches’ broom (JWB) disease is a severe threat to jujube trees, with only a few cultivars being genuinely tolerant or resistant to phytoplasma. The defense mechanism of jujube trees against phytoplasma is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the tolerance mechanism of Indian jujube ‘Cuimi’ to JWB and identify the key genes that contribute to JWB high tolerance. Based on the symptoms and phytoplasma concentrations after infection, we confirmed the high tolerance of ‘Cuimi’ to JWB. Comparative transcriptome analysis was subsequently performed between ‘Cuimi’ and ‘Huping’, a susceptible cultivar of Chinese jujube. Unique gene ontology (GO) terms were identified in ‘Cuimi’, such as protein ubiquitination, cell wall biogenesis, cell surface receptor signaling pathway, oxylipin biosynthetic process, and transcription factor activity. These terms may relate to the normal development and growth of ‘Cuimi’ under phytoplasma infection. We identified 194 differential expressed genes related to JWB high tolerance, involved in various processes, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), Ca2+ sensors, protein kinases, transcription factors (TFs), lignin, and hormones. Calmodulin-like (CML) genes were significantly down-regulated in infected ‘Cuimi’. We speculated that the CML gene may act as a negative regulatory factor related to JWB high tolerance. Additionally, the cinnamoyl-CoA reductase-like SNL6 gene was significantly up-regulated in infected ‘Cuimi’, which may cause lignin deposition, limit the growth of phytoplasma, and mediate immune response of ‘Cuimi’ to phytoplasma. Overall, this study provides insights into the contribution of key genes to the high tolerance of JWB in Indian jujube ‘Cuimi’.
Joint User Clustering and Graph Coloring Based Pilot Assignment for Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems
Authors: Huang Xinyu , Wang Yubo , Chen Shiyong , Li Yan , Wu Yucheng
Published: May 2023

Pilot contamination due to pilot reuse seriously mitigates the performance of the cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. In this paper, we propose a joint pilot assignment scheme that employs user clustering and graph coloring (UC-GC) to reduce pilot contamination. The proposed method consists of two steps: firstly, we utilize AP selection to classify all users; secondly, we assign pilots to users with more severe pilot contamination using the graph coloring algorithm and then assign pilots to the remaining users. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms existing pilot assignment schemes and significantly improves throughout with low complexity.
Coal Mine Fire Emergency Rescue Capability Assessment and Emergency Disposal Research
Authors: Lei Kejiang , Qiu Dandan , Zhang Shilong , Wang Zichao , Jin Yan
Published: May 2023

Nowadays, underground coal mine accidents occur frequently, causing huge casualties and economic losses, most of which are gas explosion accidents caused by fires. In order to improve the emergency rescue capability of coal mine fires and reduce the losses caused by coal mine fires, this article is dedicated to the assessment of coal mine fire rescue capability. Taking the fire emergency rescue system of Lugou mine as an example, based on the introduction of gray system theory and gray evaluation method, an evaluation model was established to assess the risk of the fire emergency rescue index system of Lugou mine. Four primary and 19 secondary indicators were delineated, and a hierarchical structure model of the fire emergency rescue capability of the Lugou mine was established by combining expert opinions, and the weights of indicators at all levels were calculated by using hierarchical analysis. We then used the gray system evaluation method and expert scoring to judge the safety level of various indicator factors in the index system. The evaluation results show that the risk level of the emergency rescue system of the Lugou mine fire is higher than the fourth level. The main risk indicator factors are firefighting equipment, decision-making command, emergency education and training, and fire accident alarm. In response to this evaluation result, corresponding control measures were formulated in four aspects: rescue organization guarantee, personnel guarantee, material guarantee, and information guarantee, which optimally improved the emergency rescue capability of the Lugou mine fire and reduced the loss caused by fire.
The SEED Team journey: A phenomenological study of a multidisciplinary healthcare team's experience using the new creative tool ‘photovoice’ for critical reflection.
Authors: Marjoribanks Christopher , Cummins Leanne , Pai Padmini
Published: May 2023

Purpose 
This paper describes how a newly formed multidisciplinary healthcare team used photovoice as a creative way to improve team bonding and explore individual and team wellbeing
Methodology
A phenomenological methodology was used to explore connections and team bonds in the Stability Encompassing Endurance Direction (SEED) Team, a newly formed team of healthcare professionals, using photovoice.  
Findings
The SEED Team’s reflections provide insights into using creative photography as a way to express feelings and the importance of wellbeing. The process encouraged individuals to take time away from their cognitive task state.
Research implications 
The use of photovoice in a newly formed team highlighted the effectiveness of reflective practice that can strengthen team connections and provide opportunities to take a break.
Originality
This study explored a simple yet powerful tool from an experiential perspective. The tool has potential for use in future wellbeing activities and initiatives. The process added value to the participants’ existing facilitation skills and fostered awareness of their surroundings while taking creative photographs.
Keywords: Photovoice, SEED, reflection, connections, wellbeing
ЗВІЛЬНЕННЯ ВІД ПОКАРАННЯ ЗАСУДЖЕНИХ, ЯКЩО ЇХ ВКЛЮЧЕНО У СПИСКИ НА ОБМІН ЯК ВІЙСЬКОВОПОЛОНЕНИХ: ТЕОРІЯ ТА ПРАКТИКА
Authors: Коваленко А. , Шаблистий В.
Published: May 2023

Авторами проаналізовано особливості звільнення від покарання засу-джених якщо їх включено у списки на обмін як військовополонених крізь призму теоретичних напрацювань вчених і дослідників, а також нормативно-правового забезпечення відповідної галузі (інституту) права в соціально-правових відносинах. З’ясовано, що інституту звільнення від покарання не є новим для науки й правозастосовної практики в галузі кримінального права України, утому числі містить низку норм і положень, що за замовчуванням врегульовують деякі процедури та питання пов’язані з міжнародним гуманітарним правом, що є досить розповсюдженим і актуальним, зокрема, з огляду на широкомас-штабне вторгнення росії на суверенну територію України та значне збільшення кількості осіб-військовополонених.
The problem of the cultural crisis in today's information-digital society
Authors: Obukh Liudmyla , Bannikova Kateryna , Tsurkan Ihor , Khudiakova Anastasiia , Kotorobai Stanislav
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the paper is to highlight the crisis phenomena that are an integral part of the socio-cultural space and, together with elements of progress towards well-being, form civilizational progress. The crisis of culture has several manifestations, determining its existential and axiological dimensions. The purpose of scientific exploration is to characterize the crisis phenomena in modern culture in the information and digital section. The methodology that most fully reveals the content of the cultural crisis is scientific-philosophical dialectical and synergetic in nature. Consequently, man and society use informatization and digitalization of socio-cultural space as principles, revealing the problematic aspects of cultural development. The formation of innovative sociocultural development strategies, the main task of which is to promptly identify the crisis aspects of culture, should be considered as a novelty. It is the dynamism that is the main practically oriented criterion in the modern scientific and philosophical analysis of the cultural crisis. Conclusion. Thus, the information and digital society has developed the actual value constants of its development, which allow promptly recognizing the cultural processes that are potentially or presently in crisis.
Transformation of labour relations in the field of education during military conflicts (International experience)
Authors: Miroshnychenko Oksana , Nelipa Dmytro , Kotova Victoria , Lazarenko Alla , Sokorynskyi Iurii
Published: May 2023

Ongoing military conflicts necessitate changes in the regulation of labor relations in the education sector. Normal labor laws are partially disregarded during this period due to special wartime acts. Many education workers and students, who have become refugees, are seeking employment and opportunities to continue their education. Host countries should make effective decisions to improve labor relations in this field. The research employed forecasting, observation, and legal modulation as methodological tools. The EU aims to integrate Ukrainian education workers, including refugees and those seeking legal protection, into the education systems of member states. Efforts are made to simplify employment procedures, recognize professional qualifications, and offer additional educational specializations. Poland's experience demonstrates the possibility of swift development and implementation of legislative initiatives to employ Ukrainian education workers in Polish institutions. The Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange (NAWA), functioning as an ENIC-NARIC center, facilitates recognition and internationalization of higher education, assisting with the recognition of Ukrainian qualifications in Poland. Poland's legislative initiatives in transforming labor relations in the education sector amid the conflict in Ukraine can serve as an example for other nations. Ukraine has developed and implemented necessary components of legal regulation for labor relations in the studied area during martial law.