bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Model for Metal Temperature Control during Hot Dip Galvanizing of Steel Strip
Authors: Ryabchikov M. Yu. , Ryabchikova E. S. , Novak V. S.
Published: August 2023

The paper proposes a hybrid model for predictive control under step disturbances that lead to a sharp jump in the state of the process. Similar changes occur when controlling the temperature of the steel strip on continuous hot-dip galvanizing units. Periodic changes in strip gauge or strip speed result in abrupt changes in the temperature of the steel at the outlet of the annealing furnace. During such periods deviation control is difficult requiring introduction of tolerances that limit productivity and leading to excessive heating of the metal. The paper shows that the existing proposals for controlling the temperature of the steel strip are not effective enough with a sharp change in the state of the process. The reasons for this are unknown disturbances operating in a wide frequency range and having low-frequency and trend components, as well as many influencing factors. It is shown that the problems of representativeness of the initial accumulated data make it difficult to create complex empirical models, and the level of uncertainty of the processes in the furnace makes it difficult to create complex interpretable models. The proposed hybrid model involves combining two types of simplified interpretable process models, as well as an empirical model based on an artificial neural network. The errors of the interpreted models are shown to be effectively predicted by a neural network in the presence of an additional signal from an observer of unknown disturbances. Computational experiments carried out on the data of one of the units of MMK PJSC in Russia showed that the hybrid model provides high accuracy of steel strip temperature prediction during technological disturbances and does not require frequent reconfiguration.
THE TROUBLE IN PUBLIC FINANCE: MORATORIUM IN THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY PERIOD (1950-1958)
Authors: Gümüş Öner
Published: August 2023

On August 4, 1958, a moratorium was declared in Turkey. Before this fiscal event arose, liberalization policies had been abandoned. After that, the Democrat Party had to adopt the policy of interventionism. Hence, the investments were realized by the public sector rather than the private sector. While importing became more profitable, this event caused foreign exchange reserves to run out. In addition, inflation increased. Put differently, the prices of goods and services showed quite a high increase. The common feature of these problems was that they were expense-oriented. This situation meant a budget deficit. Nevertheless, to meet the budget deficit, the method of borrowing was applied. However, because borrowing was not used efficiently, the moratorium arose. In this study, these points are explored and some suggestions are presented to avoid such problems in the future.
THE RELATIONSHIP RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION AND SUICIDE: A STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AT THE GLOBAL LEVEL
Authors: Kuran İbrahim , Özer Emre
Published: August 2023

Although there is a vast literature on the nexus between religion and suicide, there is yet no study that examines the relationship between religious affiliation and suicide rate at the global level. Besides, there is scarce empirical literature that investigates the influence of Islam, Christianity, and its denominations on suicide. In order to address fill these gaps, this article explores the relationship between religious affiliation and the suicide rate in all countries around the world. By constructing a comprehensive dataset through the Association of Religion Data Archives and the World Health Organization, we look at the relationship between religiously affiliated populations and suicide rates, then consider the homogenized religious affiliation index (HRAI), in order to measure the impact of religious affiliation on suicide rate at the country level. Our analysis shows that, as the Islamic population increases, the suicide rate decreases, whereas as the Christian population increases, the suicide rate increases. Nevertheless, HRAI is negatively related to the suicide rate. Furthermore, the analysis on the denominations ascertains that Catholicism is more likely to decrease the suicide rate than Protestantism. Finally, it is shown that religious commitment is more significant than religious practice and affiliation in decreasing the suicide rate.
The use of magnetic stimulation in neurogenic and psychogenic urination disorders
Authors: Borodulina Irina V. , Gerasimenko Marina Y.
Published: August 2023

Magnetic stimulation is a type of well-known method of magnetic therapy in physiotherapy practice. In contrast to electrical stimulation, in which afferent and efferent nerve fibers are directly excited, an alternating magnetic field causes an indirect secondary depolarization of the cell membrane due to the resulting potential difference.
Magnetic stimulation for the purpose of correcting the dysfunction of the lower urinary tract symptoms has become widespread since the 90s of the XX century in the form of the method of extracorporeal magnetic stimulation and stimulation of the sacral roots S3 area.
Magnetic stimulation of the pelvic floor and the area of the sacral roots is a promising method of rehabilitation with impaired lower urinary tract symptoms function and can be considered as one of the alternative safe measures in the treatment of this category of patients, which reduces the severity of symptoms. The effectiveness of this method is manifested mainly in irritative forms of disorders caused by the neurogenic and psychogenic nature of the lesion.
Hard-Rock κ0 at KiK-Net Sites in Japan
Authors: Haendel Annabel , Pilz Marco , Cotton Fabrice
Published: August 2023

Site-specific seismic hazard studies require the knowledge of the shear-wave velocity VS and the high-frequency site attenuation parameter κ0 at the reference rock level at depth. The latter one (called κ0,ref) is often not available and hard to derive. In this study, we make use of the KiK-net database in Japan that consists of surface and colocated downhole sensors. We select 175 sites where the bottom sensor is deployed at rock or hard-rock conditions resulting in a database with many recordings at VS≥1500  m/s. This allows us to tackle two questions: first, is it possible to derive κ0,ref from surface recordings? Second, does κ0 reach an asymptotic level at high VS that could be used as a κ0,ref in site-specific seismic hazard studies? Our results show that measures of κ0 derived from S and coda waves are equivalent. Thus, it is not possible to obtain κ0,ref from surface recordings using coda waves. On the other hand, S-wave measurements of κ0 from surface rock sites are close to κ0,ref if VS≥760  m/s or if the sedimentary cover is thin. The values of κ0 decrease with increasing VS and reach an asymptotic value. The scatter in the so obtained κ0,ref is high, but it can be reduced by selecting subregions with similar geological conditions. Finally, we observe that borehole and surface κ0 are correlated, and that the variability of κ0,ref is only slightly reduced compared to κ0 at the surface. Although we cannot exclude any influence of source effects, our findings indicate that κ0,ref has to be considered as a deep site parameter.
A Statistical Approach to Estimate Seismic Monitoring Stations’ Biases and Error Levels
Authors: Radzyner Yael , Galun Meirav , Nadler Boaz
Published: August 2023

Magnitudes are common and important measures for the size of seismic events. The International Data Centre (IDC) of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test Ban Treaty Organization estimates an event magnitude by averaging the magnitudes calculated by individual stations that detected the event, excluding outliers. This approach assumes that all station magnitudes have the same error level and are unbiased, namely, they have no systematic errors. We show that the body-wave and surface-wave magnitudes published in the Reviewed Event Bulletin (REB) of the IDC are inconsistent with these assumptions. We thus consider a model where each station has an unknown bias and error level. Given a large collection of reported event magnitudes by a network of monitoring stations, we propose a novel approach to estimate each individual station’s bias and error level. From a statistical perspective, this is a challenging problem involving a huge number of variables, because in addition to the stations’ biases and error levels, the event magnitudes are also unknown. Our approach is based on analyzing differences between reported magnitude values at pairs of stations, which cancels out the unknown event magnitudes and allows us to derive a simple and computationally efficient algorithm. We use the estimated station biases as station correction terms and the estimated error levels to compute weights for event magnitude estimation. Using a large data set from the REB with millions of reported station magnitudes, we show that our approach yields more consistent station and event magnitudes.
Spatial variability of physical attributes of a Oxisol related to garlic productivity
Authors: Teixeira de Oliveira Job , Alves de Oliveira Rubens , Milena Rojas Plazas Gloria , Garcia Roque Cassiano
Published: August 2023

Garlic is a product with high demand in Brazil and worldwide, being highly valued in the cuisine of several countries and is a culture with high added economic value. In 2018, this work was carried out in the irrigation and drainage area of the Federal University of Viçosa, in Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, in a Oxisol. The objective was to characterize the structure and magnitude of the spatial distribution of physical attributes of a Oxisol, perform the mapping, and evaluate the spatial correlation between garlic bulb yield, lateral shoot growing and soil characteristics. The attributes studied were garlic bulb yield, lateral shoot growing, soil moisture on a dry basis, soil moisture on a humid basis, volumetric soil moisture, particle density, free soil porosity, sampled in a 90-georeferenced grid. Data analysis using statistical techniques and geostatistics made it possible to verify that the garlic yield and other soil physical attributes studied showed spatial dependence. There was an emphasis on the spatial correlation between garlic bulb yield and free-soil porosity. The lateral shoot growing of garlic has a direct and positive relationship with free soil porosity, soil moisture on a dry basis and soil moisture on a humid basis.
The Impacts of Innovation and Facilitating Condition of Logistics 4.0 Technology on Logistics Safety Participation and Safety Performance
Authors:   Korean Academy Of International Commerce, Inc., Kim Young-min
Published: August 2023

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the impact of innovation and facilitating condition of logistics 4.0 technology on logistics safety participation and safety performance for logistics companies. Research design, data and methodology : Based on previous studies related to logistics 4.0 and logistics safety, measurements for each variable were derived, and a survey was conducted on employees of logistics companies. Also exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were conducted. Results : The innovation and facilitating condition of logistics 4.0 technology had a significant impact on logistics safety participation, and the facilitating condition of logistics 4.0 technology had a meaningful impact on safety performance, but innovation did not. In addition, logistics safety participation had a significant effect on safety performance. Conclusions : Logistics companies need to induce participation in logistics safety by actively introducing and utilizing logistics 4.0 technology, thereby prevent the occurrence of safety accidents.
Los académicos de posgrado de una universidad mexicana y su visión de la pandemia Covid-19
Authors: Izarra Vielma Douglas , Hirsch Adler Ana
Published: August 2023

The aim of “The Applied Ethics and Education Project” that is taking place at the National Autonomous University of Mexico is to continue the construction of the theoretical framework of applied ethics, especially research ethics, and to pursue empirical work with the postgraduate academics of the institution. We designed and validated an instrument of twelve open questions, of which one referred to the effects of the Covid 19 pandemic on their academic performance and the strategies used to cope with it. To meet the accessibility and heterogeneity criteria the sample consisted of an intentional selection of 291 academics from the four areas of knowledge in which the university classifies its 41 postgraduate degrees. We used Google Forms to collect the empirical information from November 2021 to April 2022 and reviewed the specialized literature on the subject. The publications were classified into two aspects: Consequences in the academic work, and emotional and health problems. The results indicate the positive and negative effects of the pandemic on the academic work. The positive assessment shows the inclusion of new strategies, especially in relation to technology and time management, while the negative ones are related to difficulties in interaction access to laboratories and equipment, and an increased bureaucratic burden.
Estilos educativos familiares (EEF) y trastorno de déficit de atención con o sin hiperactividad (TDAH)
Authors: Clavijo Zapata Sandra Juliet , Pino Montoya Jose Wilmar , Betancur Arias Juan Diego , Bisquert Martínez María de las Mercedes
Published: August 2023

This study focuses on carrying out an analysis of the main theoretical tendencies, problematic situations, methods and contributions between family education styles and attention deficit disorder (ADD), regardless of whether it includes hyperactivity or not. As a neuropsychological condition in childhood that can result in behavior and relational difficulties in education environments. It was a qualitative study carried out under a documentary research design. The results establish that there is not enough research regarding the influence of family education styles on the development of behavioral problems such as ADD, especially regarding the interaction among family, school, and this condition in education proposals in school environments. The study concludes that even though there is a possible influence of parent’s education styles and the development of behavior disorders, as well as the prevalence of deficit disorder (ADD) in classrooms and its effect on the development of children’s social and cognitive abilities, the research available is very limited which could provide a multimodal intervention focused on the needs of children and their families and the characteristics of contemporary schools.
Los conceptos de autoridad y libertad: Una lectura en clave pedagógica
Authors: Gomez Sofia , Olarte Güiza Cindy Mayerly
Published: August 2023

This article is a reflection that attempts to problematize the apparent contemporary crisis of education, generally linked both to confusing understandings about authority, as well as the primacy given to individual freedom in different social institutions. From there, the question arises as to how the concepts of authority and freedom are understood from the educational field, for which the methodology of documentary analysis applied to a selection of articles from six Colombian university journals was published during the period 2010–2020, using thematic reading as a methodological tool. Therefore, studying the concepts of authority and freedom from a pedagogical perspective, involved conducting a tensional and conceptual study to understand the intimate relationship between the two, finding as a articulating axis the concept of autonomy, which implies a self-awareness, which in turn allows us to decide for a collective consciousness. From this perspective, it is found that the various understandings about authority and freedom have caused social transformations that affect the pedagogical practice and the way in which education is conceived today.
Chemical Characteristics of Exchangeable Al, Fe, Mn, and Inorganic P Fraction Ultisols at Forest, Dry Land and Rice Fields Land Use in Jasinga, Indonesia
Authors:   Study Program of Agroecotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Muhammadiyah University Jakarta and Departement of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Indonesia, Rahmayuni Erlina , Anwar Syaiful , Nugroho Budi , Indriyati Lilik T.
Published: August 2023

Different land use at the study site such as forest, dry land and rice fields originating from the same soil type, affects the presence of various phosphorus (P) fractions in the soil profile. The purpose of this study was to study the chemical characteristics of Al, Fe, Mn, exchangeable and inorganic P fractions of the soil on the Ultisol soil profile using forest, dry land and rice fields in Jasinga. Soil samples were taken on three horizons (Ao or Ap, AB and B) at profiles of forest soil and dry land, while in paddy fields taken at a depth of 0–20 cm, 20–40 cm and 40–60 cm from the ground surface. The chemical properties of the soil analyzed were soil pH, C-organic, exchangeable-Al, exchangeable-Fe, exchangeable-Mn and P fractionation. The results showed that the soil in the study site had a cleavage texture with a pH range of very acidic to slightly acidic. The highest exchangeable-Al levels were found in forest land at 433 ppm, the highest exchangeable-Fe was in rice fields at 0.019 ppm and the highest exchangeable-Mn was in dry land use at 0.063 ppm. The significant correlation of the (Ca, Mg)-P fraction with soil pH of selected chemical properties on dry land showed that this fraction would increase with increasing pH and vice versa would decrease with increasing exchangeable-Al and exchangeable-Mn.
Process Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology for the Removal of Cu(II) and Co(II) from Aqueous Solution Using Gelatin-Cellulose Nanocrystals Hydrogel Membrane
Authors:   the Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa, Kabuba John , Lukusa Trésor
Published: August 2023

The adsorption efficiency of gelatin-cellulose nanocrystals hydrogel membrane (GCHM) for the removal of Cu(II) and Co(II) from aqueous solution was studied in batch experiments. The interactive effect of independent variables such as pH, contact time, temperature, and ratio of gelatin and cellulose nanocrystals on Cu(II) and Co(II) adsorption were investigated. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the response surface quadratic model is highly impressive and can successfully predict the experimental results. The optimization results of the process variables by response surface methodology- central composition design (RSM-CCD) model was obtained at pH 6, temperature of 52.50 ℃, time of 67.50 min. and ration gelatin-CNCs of 3:1. The maximum removal percentage was 86.95% and 89.77% for Cu(II) and Co(II), respectively.
Creating a Desktop-Based Learning Resource with an Educational Game Application for the Introduction to Accounting Course
Authors:   the Accounting Department, State Polytechnic of Malang, Malang, East Java, Indonesia, Susilowati Kartika Dewi Sri , Eltivia Nurafni , Rahmawati Firda
Published: August 2023

The objective of this study was to create a desktop-based educational gaming medium for the Introduction to Accounting course in order to improve students’ interest in learning the material delivered. Research and development (R&D) was the technique employed, and the stages of the development model began with needs analysis, design, and development. A needs analysis was conducted to determine the needs and traits of the students who will be the target users of this computer game. Interviews and the distribution of questionnaires were used to conduct the analysis. The purpose of the analysis of students was to gather data on what the students need from their accounting classes. The initial design was transformed into a storyboard design during the design stage, and the game was developed in accordance with the design that was made during the development stage. The application system that was developed was then tested and validated. The validation was performed on seven individuals: one lecturer, one IT developer, and five students. The validation results indicated that the product was very feasible with an average validator assessment score of 82.3%. The scores of 75%, 82.7%, and 89.3% assigned by the media expert, material expert, and users, respectively, served as evidence for this. This educational game was created to add variation to teaching methods; however, it is not able to take the place of the lecturer in the process of teaching. Since the development of this instructional game is still in its early stages, additional research can be carried out by adding new materials with a more attractive appearance using added animation or music in the background.
Personalized Learning in the Online Learning from 2011 to 2021: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors:   Center for Education Accreditation, Viet Nam National University (VNU-CEA), Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Hoa-Huy , Nguyen Viet Anh
Published: August 2023

This paper has analyzed research trends on personalized learning by bibliometric analysis method through a study of 928 articles from the Scopus database. The following issues are investigated: (1) Development scale, growth trajectory and geographical distribution of the research; (2) Outstanding authors and works on Personalized Learning; (3) Outstanding magazines and books on the topic; (4) Key themes found in these documents, and (5) Prominent methods/technologies used for personalized learning. Research results show that personalized learning is a fascinating topic in education and has been overgrown in recent years. Many researches on personalized learning comes from countries such as the United States and China. Our bibliometric analysis has revealed the main themes in the research works on Personalized Learning, such as artificial intelligence, learning style, and learning technology. The research has observed cognitive aspects of learners like knowledge level, learning style, preferences, etc. In most cases, the recommended tools and methods combined the content-based filtering, collaborative filtering, ontological approaches, etc. In addition, future research goals, difficulties, and concerns are highlighted in our work by examining the trends in several personalized learning elements.
Strategies for Enhancing the Impact of Blended Instruction in Chinese Colleges and Universities
Authors: Song Qianqian , Agnawa Jr. Marcelino M.
Published: August 2023

Due to the rapid development of information technology, traditional classroom teaching is not able to meet the needs of students. Therefore, colleges and universities are paying more and more attention to cultivating students’ individuality and comprehensive quality. The “student-centered, teacher-led” online and offline hybrid teaching mode emerged as the times require, and has become a new teaching method, which has gradually become the focus of attention of colleges and universities. In the teaching practices of colleges and universities, blended instruction has made some progress, but issues with instruction quality also arise. Upon review of the relevant literature and interviews with teachers and students, this study determined that outmoded teaching practices, lack of awareness of students’ independent learning, and absence of external conditions in colleges and universities are the most influential factors affecting the quality of mixed teaching. Based on these, corresponding measures are proposed from the perspectives of teachers, students, and schools to aid the development of blended teaching in colleges and universities and improve its effects. Teachers should continuously improve their hybrid teaching skills and ensure quality. Moreover, students should improve their sense of participation in teaching activities and develop a consciousness of independent learning. Finally, the school should improve the support structure to implement blended teaching seamlessly.
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: a review
Authors: Vázquez-González Juan C. , Granados-Romero Juan José , Montalvo-Hernández Jorge , Palacios-Rodríguez Patricia M. , Mendizabal-Velazquez Alondra , González-Martínez Itaty C. , Abundez-Pliego Ana L. , Valderrama-Treviño Alan I. , Barrera-Mera Baltazar
Published: August 2023

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XP), first described in 1916, is a rare form of chronic granulomatous inflammation. The etiology is still unclear; however, the development of the disease is associated with chronic urinary obstruction secondary to lithiasis, tumors and urological malformations, among others. This leads to the destruction of the renal parenchyma and its replacement by solid sheets of lipid-laden macrophages. Female gender, diabetes and obesity are attributed as predisposing factors to the development of XP. It is estimated that the incidence presents a maximum peak between 50 and 70 years, with a ratio of 2:1 women-men respectively. Computed tomography (CT) is described as the mainstay in the evaluation. However, the definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological study, where a mixture of lipid-laden foamy macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils, giant cells, and plasma cells can be seen. Nephrectomy (open or laparoscopic) continues to be the first-line treatment. The laparoscopic approach is associated with an increase in operating time; however, the recovery time is shorter compared to the open approach. Given the natural history of the disease and the associated complications, this makes it a challenging approach for the surgeon. Therefore, a surgeon experienced in laparoscopic skills is necessary. This review seeks to synthesize existing information regarding the appropriate surgical approach in conjunction with the clinical context.
Biliary atresia: a review
Authors: Palacios-Rodríguez Patricia M. , Granados-Romero Juan José , Montalvo-Hernández Jorge , Vázquez-González Juan C. , Mendizabal-Velazquez Alondra , González-Martínez Itaty C. , Abundez-Pliego Ana L. , Valderrama-Treviño Alan I. , Barrera-Mera Baltazar
Published: August 2023

Bile duct atresia (BA) is a severe, progressive cholangiopathy characterized by fibrous and inflammatory obliteration of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts. It leads to liver failure, scarring, and end-stage cirrhosis if timely treatment is not achieved. It represents the number one indication for pediatric liver transplantation as a single disease worldwide. Various etiological factors have been associated with BA, such as structural malformations, viral, immune-mediated, and genetic infections. The incidence of BA varies around the world. Untreated BA patients have a 2-year mortality of nearly 100%. The clinical picture is characterized by jaundice, acholia, and jaundice that persists beyond the first 2 weeks of life. Direct or conjugated bilirubin remains the primary screening laboratory test for BA; elevated values ​​occur within the first 2 days of life. Currently, the primary treatment of choice is the Kasai portoenterostomy; the success of surgery has been based on the restoration of bile flow and the elimination of jaundice. However, more than 70% of patients develop liver cirrhosis secondary to persistent liver inflammation, which will require liver transplantation. The following review of the literature aims to collect relevant information from what has been published in recent years on bile duct atresia; focused on the study of etiology, pathophysiology, advances in genetics and immunology. As well as the results associated with surgical treatment and the requirement for liver transplantation.
Contextualized Logging of On-Task and Off-Task Behaviours During Learning
Authors: Biedermann Daniel , Ciordas-Hertel George-Petru , Winter Marc , Mordel Julia , Drachsler Hendrik
Published: August 2023

Learners use digital media during learning for a variety of reasons. Sometimes media use can be considered “on-task,” e.g., to perform research or to collaborate with peers. In other cases, media use is “off-task,” meaning that learners use content unrelated to their current learning task. Given the well-known problems with self-reported data (incomplete memory, distorted perceptions, subjective attributions), exploring on-task and off-task usage of digital media in learning scenarios requires logging activity on digital devices. However, we argue that logging on- and off-task behaviour has challenges that are rarely addressed. First, logging must be active only during learning. Second, logging represents a potential invasion of privacy. Third, logging must incorporate multiple devices simultaneously to take the reality of media multitasking into account. Fourth, logging alone is insufficient to reveal what prompted learners to switch to a different digital activity. To address these issues, we present a contextually activated logging system that allows users to inspect and annotate the observed activities after a learning session. Data from a formative study show that our system works as intended, and furthermore supports our assumptions about the diverse intentions of media use in learning. We discuss the implications for learning analytics.
Extended BCK-Ideal Based on Single-Valued Neutrosophic Hyper BCK-Ideals
Authors: Hamidi Mohammad
Published: August 2023

This paper introduces the concept of single-valued neutrosophic hyper \(BCK\)-subalgebras as a generalization and alternative of hyper \(BCK\)-algebras and on any given nonempty set constructs at least one single-valued neutrosophic hyper \(BCK\)-subalgebra and one a single-valued neutrosophic hyper \(BCK\)-ideal. In this study level subsets play the main role in the connection between singlevalued neutrosophic hyper \(BCK\)-subalgebras and hyper \(BCK\)-subalgebras and the connection between single-valued neutrosophic hyper \(BCK\)-ideals and hyper \(BCK\)-ideals. The congruence and (strongly) regular equivalence relations are the important tools for connecting hyperstructures and structures, so the major contribution of this study is to apply and introduce a (strongly) regular relation on hyper \(BCK\)-algebras and to investigate their categorical properties (quasi commutative diagram) via single-valued neutrosophic hyper \(BCK\)-ideals. Indeed, by using the single-valued neutrosophic hyper \(BCK\)-ideals, we define a congruence relation on (weak commutative) hyper \(BCK\)-algebras that under some conditions is strongly regular and the quotient of any (single-valued neutrosophic)hyper \(BCK\)-(sub)algebra via this relation is a (single-valued neutrosophic)(hyper \(BCK\)-subalgebra) \(BCK\)-(sub)algebra.
Simulation studies of fleet vehicle selection in terms of pollutant emissions
Authors: Szczepański Emilian , Jachimowski Roland , Rudyk Tomasz
Published: August 2023

This article presents the vehicle selection problem in the vehicle fleet of a retail and service company. In practical solutions, fleet managers focus on minimising TCO (total cost of ownership) while ignoring the impact of the fleet on the environment. Therefore, a literature review of current solutions in fleet selection and their determinants is presented. Considering the latest trends and regulations, an optimisation model for vehicle selection was developed, considering the issues of emissions and external costs. The developed model was implemented in a simulation environment, and a sensitivity analysis of the solutions obtained was carried out. The research made it possible to indicate the impact of the pollutant emission factor on the fleet structure.
Difficulties of Cataract Surgery in Lens-Induced Glaucoma Due to Subluxated Cataract
Authors: Aristanti Meidiana Devira , Nurwasis  , Jamaluddin
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Cataract is a disease of the eye in which the normal clear lens has opacified and obscured the passage of light. A mature cataract occurs when the lens is opacified. Lens subluxation is a condition when the crystalline lens is not in its anatomical position that can result in decreased anterior chamber depth. It is a potentially high risk of developing pupillary block, leading to lens-induced glaucoma (secondary angle closure glaucoma). In this case, the definitive therapy is lens extraction, which is challenging for cataract surgeons. This case report aims to expose the difficulties of cataract surgery in lens-induced glaucoma due to subluxated cataract. Case Presentation: A 56-year-old male presented with unable to see in his right eye, followed by foggy vision, glare when seeing the light, and a history of an acute glaucoma attack. His right best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1/300, and the intraocular pressure (IOP) was 5 mmHg on therapy with glaucoma medications. Slit lamp examination of the right eye showed a shallow anterior chamber, irradiated iris, mid-dilated pupil, completely cloudy lens, and a capsular instability around 12 to 6 clock hours (180°/2 quadrant). This patient was diagnosed with mature cataract and lens-induced glaucoma due to subluxated mature cataract and was given glaucoma medications also underwent phacoemulsification (PE) along with Intraocular lens (IOL) and capsular tension ring implantation due to the lens instability and excessive lens movement. Conclusions: Cataract surgery for subluxated mature cataract and lens-induced glaucoma is challenging because of the shallow anterior chamber, capsular instability, and excessive lens movement. A thorough diagnosis, preoperative evaluation, postoperative monitoring, and evaluation are essential for safe cataract surgery, reducing the risk of complications and achieving a good result.
Successful Management of Malignant Glaucoma with Pars Plana Vitrectomy and Glaucoma Drainage Device Implant
Authors: Malika Rosalia Adriani , Vivin Noviana K. , Rosarina Dewi
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Malignant glaucoma is a rare condition with challenging management. It is diagnosed by central and peripheral shallowing or flattening of the anterior chamber and increased intraocular pressure (IOP) without posterior segment abnormality (suprachoroidal effusion or hemorrhage of patent iridotomy). It can be managed by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Case Presentation: A 59-year-old man presented to the emergency unit in Undaan Eye Hospital, Surabaya complaining of pain and blurry vision in his left eye after being hit by a rope. Secondary glaucoma with posterior lens luxation was diagnosed in the left eye. The patient was given topical and oral glaucoma medications. Vitrectomy with endo laser and endo fragmentation was performed three months later with normal IOP. A retinal break was detected at five o’clock, and sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) was given during vitrectomy. Malignant glaucoma was diagnosed by flattening the anterior chamber after vitrectomy with left eye IOP of 31 mmHg. The left eye IOP remained elevated in the following months, and the pain persisted. However, topical and oral anti-glaucoma medications, topical cycloplegics, and steroids were already given. The cornea became hazy due to uncontrolled IOP. A left eye PPV with a glaucoma drainage devices (GDD) implant was conducted. Nevertheless, his left eye visual acuity did not improve (1/300). Besides, his left eye IOP was normal without topical and oral glaucoma medications. Conclusions: PPV offers reliable and prompt treatment for malignant glaucoma with a low complication rate. The patient’s vision can be preserved by lowering the IOP, preventing further optic nerve damage.
Open Globe Injury with Corneal Laceration Full-Thickness, Anterior Lens Capsule Rupture, and Traumatic Cataract
Authors: Akbar Rahadi , Surakhman Budy , Widyastuti Damaryati
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Ocular trauma is a common, preventable cause of visual impairment. Mechanical eye injuries affect the eye in many ways ranging from mild to severe morbidity. In this case, we inform the sequence of what we found in this ocular trauma and how we treat this case. Case Presentation: A 26-year-old male patient presented with pain and stiffness in the right eye. The patient was involved in an accident 16 hours before being admitted to the emergency room. Previously, the patient had been taken to a secondary hospital. No medications were given. The patient was referred directly to a tertiary hospital for further management. The visual acuity of the right eye and left eye were 1/300 and 6/6. Soft palpation indicated decreased intraocular pressure (IOP) on the right eye. Slit lamp examination found conjunctival hyperemia, full-thickness corneal laceration, irregular iris, posterior synechiae, declining pupil reflex, and hazy lens. Fundus reflex declined. The right eyeball exploration showed a membrane at the camera oculi anterior and a suspected hazy lens with mass and capsule of the lens. Doubtful prognosis on the right eyeball. Conclusions: The outcome of ocular trauma might be debatable and vary in any condition. Proper management can avoid unprecedented complications and improve patient visual results. A good perspective will also make satisfied both the patient and the physician.
Incidence of the exposure to blood and blood products and its relationship with the medical education accreditation among last grade medical students in Turkey
Authors: ARSLAN Mücahid Alp , GÜRPINAR Erol , DONMEZ Levent
Published: August 2023

Abstract:

Backgrounds: The primary aim of this study was to investigate the blood contact and needle-stick injury rates of final-year (year-6) medical students receiving their education and training at medical schools in different regions of Turkey and to analyse the relationships between blood contact and needle-stick injury and the personal variables of students and accreditation certifications of medical schools.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, self-reporting questionnaires were completed anonymously by consenting final-year medical students. The study population (N = 7900) included all final-year medical students attending the 76 medical schools of Turkey. Of the 76 medical schools, 13 were selected by stratified random sampling, according to their accreditation certification and geographical location, which resulted in 2786 final-year medical students being contacted for participation. The dependent variable was percutaneous contact and the timing of the contact. The independent variables were the personal characteristics, occupational health and safety knowledge, invasive medical procedure skills, and blood-borne disease knowledge of final-year medical students, as well as, the accreditation certification of medical schools. Comparisons between groups were analysed using Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results: 83.8% (n = 2334) of 2786 final-year medical students contacted, consented to participate. Blood contact rates of 75.2% for intact skin contact, 20.0% for mucosal contact, and 35.4% for percutaneous contact were reported; with27.0% of medical students reporting contaminated blood contact. The average percutaneous time-to-contact was 8.95 ± 0.09 months, with the percutaneous contact rate approaching 50% in the 12th month of the hazard analysis. Percutaneous contact was significantly higher in students who received no formal occupational health and safety training (OR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.11-1.50) and who attended non-accredited medical schools (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.26-1.66). Percutaneous contact increased significantly in medical students with increasing invasive medical procedure applying scores (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.04-1.09).

Conclusion: The final year of medical education and training is a high-risk period for percutaneous contact, with the evidence suggesting that the high risks could be mediated by implementing appropriate occupational health and safety education and training. The accreditation certification of medical schools is a significant independent variable in exposure risk. The low blood-contact reporting rate among medical students is a serious concern that requires the implementation of appropriate interventional measures.

Key words:blood contact,needle-stick injury, medical students, accreditation, occupational health and safety
Modeling of the process of development of the competence of morphogenesis for the bachelor of design
Authors: Chupina V. A. , Mikova T. E.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. In conditions of economic and social instability, the predictable future fluctuates from the spread of the sixth technological order to the advent of the new Middle Ages and low-tech. To feel yourself confident in the unpredictable situation, a designer has to be able to integrate professional and personal competencies into related specializations, work with tasks solved by designers in other scientific fields, have developed professional thinking, master the fundamental components of the profession, in particular, the ability to use professional tools and laws of morphogenesis to solve a variety of professional tasks. The development of competence of morphogenesis of a bachelor of design will allow him to create fundamental general professional training. Purpose setting. The purpose of the research is to develop and give a theoretical methodological substantiation of the structural and content model of the development of the competence of the morphogenesis of bachelor of design. The development of competence of morphogenesis allows us to transfer consciously the specialized competencies of a designer to the general professional field. Methodology and methods of the study. The methodological basis of the study includes practice-oriented, integrative, competence-based and personality-oriented approaches, as well as the principles of professional orientation, integrativity, personal orientation, reflexivity. As the leading research method the modelling method was used. Results. A structural-content model of the process of development of competence of morphogenesis of the bachelor of design has been created. The model makes it possible to develop the competence of morphogenesis for the bachelor of design, which is necessary to conduct professional activities in conditions of economic and social uncertainty and instability. Conclusion. The scientific novelty consists in the following: the principles and methods of development of the competence of morphogenesis are substantiated; a structural and content model has been developed; organizational and pedagogical conditions have been described. Prospects for further research are as follows: the practical implementation of the model, the development of components of the competence and the introduction of technologies for its developing in disciplines. The results can be used in the process of professional education of designers.
Educational potential of Russia as a guarantee of preservation of socio-cultural identity
Authors: Panarin V. I. , Yatsenko M. P. , Puchkov O. E.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The article examines the education system as a basis for understanding socio-cultural identity. The authors show that globalization levels the socio-cultural identity of people, so its revival should begin with the educational system. The way out of the crisis of the modern educational system is directly related to the preservation of the socio-cultural identity of a particular society. Purpose setting. The chaotization of the social space of recent decades has caused serious problems in the relationship between various social institutions, including education. The authors highlight the ways of preserving the identity not only of an individual, but also of the whole society. They also show the problems faced by the subjects of the educational process under the influence of the digitalization of the social space. Methodology and methods of the study. The authors investigate the factors that create the appropriate basis for structural changes in the educational sphere. According to the authors, in the information society, the conditions for the preservation of sociocultural identity should be formed at the level of a specific educational system. Results. As shown in the article, modern education is not always able to fulfill its ideological function. The lack of a holistic worldview among students does not contribute to the awareness of their socio-cultural identity. Education is a social institution, so it is actively involved in the socio-cultural movements of our time. Building a new social system on the European model involves the complete destruction of the traditional system of values, including education. Of particular importance is the humanitarian aspect of the problem of continuity of generations, which lies in the urgent need to preserve in Russian society its traditional spiritual values, patriotism and a sense of responsibility for the fate of the country. The system of education and upbringing can ensure the transfer of the value system to the younger generation of Russian citizens, using the best examples of Russian culture. Conclusion. According to the authors, the loss of identity is perceived as a crisis of the values of Russian spiritual culture, which can be seen at the level of the educational system. The system of «universal values» carries with it the destruction of the socio-cultural identity of individual peoples, therefore, the preservation of socio-cultural identity in a multipolar world is possible only through the revival of local and regional values.
The role of new media in forming the consciousness and worldview of Generation Z
Authors: Shamrin Ya. Yu. , Koshel V. A.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Introducing into the system of work of traditional media, new information and digital technologies have become the reason for the development of new media. Purpose setting. The evolution of new media in the era of technological progress involves the constant introduction of advanced digitalization technologies. In this regard, it is necessary to study the impact of new media on the minds of young people in order to identify positive and negative factors. Methodology and methods of the study. The factors of influence of information messages on the behavior of an audience of young people subject to regular and excessive media consumption, which causes certain behavior and reactions, are substantiated. Results. In the process of forming opinions and attitudes of Generation Z to information messages in the media space, the emotional factor and emotional thinking prevail. Conclusions. The consciousness and worldview of the younger generation is subject to informational and psychological impact due to the high degree of activity of the audience in social media and the Internet.
Proteases and Intestinal Health in Non-ruminants: A Perspective
Authors: Broom Leon
Published: August 2023

Exogenous proteases are well established for hydrolysing proteins and improving the digestibility of amino acids, which, in animal production, enhances growth performance and diet formulation flexibility. Attention has now turned to the wider, or ‘extra-proteinaceous’, benefits of proteases. Both host and (gut) microbiome utilise amino acids for diverse functions beyond just cellular growth and proliferation. For example, the host produces a diverse array of proteinaceous secretions that seek to modulate the activity of the intestinal microbiome and opportunities to interact with host (e.g., epithelial) receptors. Reciprocally, the microbiome utilises various protein-based components to perform individual lifestyle traits, such as colonising gut niches, production of virulence traits, etc., which can be influenced by protease activity and amino acid availability. In addition, microbial fermentation of proteins and amino acids produces metabolites that may be considered undesirable (e.g., toxic) for the host’s cells or, for example, can act as signalling molecules, shaping the secretion of gut hormones and function. Parallels may also exist between various antibiotic growth promoters and proteases, in that both can target/impact microbial proteins (synthesis and degradation, respectively). There are many aspects to consider, such as determining optimal intestinal levels and spectra of proteolytic activity under various scenarios, but great potential exists.