bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial plastid DNA can cause DNA barcoding paradox in plants
Authors: Park Hyun-Seung , Jayakodi Murukarthick , Lee Sae Hyun , Jeon Jae-Hyeon , Lee Hyun-Oh , Park Jee Young , Moon Byeong Cheol , Kim Chang-Kug , Wing Rod A. , Newmaster Steven G. , Kim Ji Yeon , Yang Tae-Jin
Published: April 2020

The transfer of ancestral plastid genomes into mitochondrial genomes to generate mitochondrial plastid DNA (MTPT) is known to occur in plants, but its impacts on mitochondrial genome complexity and the potential for causing a false-positive DNA barcoding paradox have been underestimated. Here, we assembled the organelle genomes of Cynanchum wilfordii and C. auriculatum, which are indigenous medicinal herbs in Korea and China, respectively. In both species, it is estimated that 35% of the ancestral plastid genomes were transferred to mitochondrial genomes over the past 10 million years and remain conserved in these genomes. Some plastid barcoding markers co-amplified the conserved MTPTs and caused a barcoding paradox, resulting in mis-authentication of botanical ingredients and/or taxonomic mis-positioning. We identified dynamic and lineage-specific MTPTs that have contributed to mitochondrial genome complexity and might cause a putative barcoding paradox across 81 plant species. We suggest that a DNA barcoding guidelines should be developed involving the use of multiple markers to help regulate economically motivated adulteration.
Ablation of miR-144 increases vimentin expression and atherosclerotic plaque formation
Authors: He Quan , Wang Fangfei , Honda Takashi , Greis Kenneth D. , Redington Andrew N.
Published: April 2020

It has been suggested that miR-144 is pro-atherosclerotic via effects on reverse cholesterol transportation targeting the ATP binding cassette protein. This study used proteomic analysis to identify additional cardiovascular targets of miR-144, and subsequently examined the role of a newly identified regulator of atherosclerotic burden in miR-144 knockout mice receiving a high fat diet. To identify affected secretory proteins, miR-144 treated endothelial cell culture medium was subjected to proteomic analysis including two-dimensional gel separation, trypsin digestion, and nanospray liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. We identified 5 gel spots representing 19 proteins that changed consistently across the biological replicates. One of these spots, was identified as vimentin. Atherosclerosis was induced in miR-144 knockout mice by high fat diet and vascular lesions were quantified by Oil Red-O staining of the serial sectioned aortic root and from en-face views of the aortic tree. Unexpectedly, high fat diet induced extensive atherosclerosis in miR-144 knockout mice and was accompanied by severe fatty liver disease compared with wild type littermates. Vimentin levels were reduced by miR-144 and increased by antagomiR-144 in cultured cardiac endothelial cells. Compared with wild type, ablation of the miR-144/451 cluster increased plasma vimentin, while vimentin levels were decreased in control mice injected with synthetic miR-144. Furthermore, increased vimentin expression was prominent in the commissural regions of the aortic root which are highly susceptible to atherosclerotic plaque formation. We conclude that miR-144 maybe a potential regulator of the development of atherosclerosis via changes in vimentin signaling.
The role of attention in the relationship between early life stress and depression
Authors: Mao Yu , Xiao Hong , Ding Cody , Qiu Jiang
Published: April 2020

Early life stress (ELS) can be very harmful to an individual’s wellbeing and brain development. It is well established that childhood maltreatment is a significant risk factor for depression. ELS is positively correlated with depressive symptoms both in major depression disorder patients and healthy individuals, but the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying this association are still unclear. In the present study, we calculate the within/between-network connectivity in 528 college students, and Pearson correlation was performed to investigate the relationship between network measures and ELS. Additionally, the same method was applied to verify these results in another sample. Finally, mediation analysis was performed to explore the cognitive and neural mechanisms regarding the association between ELS and depression. Correlation analysis indicated that ELS was positively correlated with the within-network connectivity of the ventral attention network (VAN), the dorsal attention network (DAN), the salience network (SN), the somatosensory network (SMN) and the between-network connectivity of ventral attention network-dorsal attention network (VAN-DAN), ventral attention network- somatosensory network (VAN-SMN), and ventral attention network-visual network (VAN-VN). Validation results indicated that ELS is associated with the within-network connectivity of VAN and DAN. Mediation analysis revealed that attention bias and the within-network connectivity of VAN could mediated the relationship between ELS and depression. Both behavioral and neural evidence emphasize ELS’s influence on individual’s emotion attention. Furthermore, the present study also provides two possible mediation models to explain the potential mechanisms behind the relationship between ELS and depression.
The elusive dynamics of aqueous permanganate photochemistry
Authors: Haggag Omer S. , Malakar Partha , Pokhilko Pavel , Stanton John F. , Krylov Anna I. , Ruhman Sanford
Published: April 2020

Despite decades of investigation, mechanistic details of aqueous permanganate photo-decomposition remain unclear.
Diagnostics of laser induced plasmas at late delay times
Authors: Martino L. J. , D'Angelo C. A.
Published: April 2020

Implementation of the plasma diagnostic method to estimate the evolution of temperature and electronic density at advanced postbreakdown times.
A microfluidic platform for functional testing of cancer drugs on intact tumor slices
Authors: Rodriguez A. D. , Horowitz L. F. , Castro K. , Kenerson H. , Bhattacharjee N. , Gandhe G. , Raman A. , Monnat R. J. , Yeung R. , Rostomily R. C. , Folch A.
Published: April 2020

We have developed a digitally-manufacturable microfluidic platform that allows for multiplexed drug testing of intact tumor slices.
The fabrication of a chemical sensor with PANI-TiO2 nanocomposites
Authors: Karim Mohammad R. , Alam M. M. , Aijaz M. O. , Asiri Abdullah M. , AlMubaddel F. S. , Rahman Mohammed M.
Published: April 2020

The conjugated conducting polyaniline was fabricated onto PANI-TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by microwave-accelerated reaction system for the development an efficient and sensitive electrochemical sensor to protect the environment and healthcare fields in a broad scale.
Rapid characterization of neutral polymer brush with a conventional zetameter and a variable pinch of salt
Authors: Youssef Mena , Morin Alexandre , Aubret Antoine , Sacanna Stefano , Palacci Jérémie
Published: April 2020

We take advantage of the nanoscopic nature of the Debye length and used it as a probe to characterize polymer brushes on colloidal particles.
A high-throughput SAMDI-mass spectrometry assay for isocitrate dehydrogenase 1
Authors: Anderson Sarah E. , Fahey Natalie S. , Park Jungsoo , O'Kane Patrick T. , Mirkin Chad A. , Mrksich Milan
Published: April 2020

This paper reports a SAMDI-mass spectrometry assay that can evaluate antagonists of cancer-associated isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 in high throughput.
GSH-triggered release of sulfur dioxide gas to regulate redox balance for enhanced photodynamic therapy
Authors: Zhang Yu , Shen Wei , Zhang Peng , Chen Li , Xiao Chunsheng
Published: April 2020

Herein, a promising strategy is explored to regulate redox balance in tumor cells by simultaneously consuming GSH and releasing SO2 gas for enhanced photodynamic therapy.
Controlling defects in crystalline carbon nitride to optimize photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Li Han , Zhu Bicheng , Cao Shaowen , Yu Jiaguo
Published: April 2020

Defect engineering in crystalline carbon nitride promotes the charge carrier transfer and CO2 adsorption and activation for enhanced CO2 photoreduction.
Cobalt-catalyzed 2-(1-methylhydrazinyl)pyridine-assisted cyclization of thiophene-2-carbohydrazides with maleimides: efficient synthesis of thiophene-fused pyridones
Authors: Zhao Hua , Wang Taimin , Qing Zhineng , Zhai Hongbin
Published: April 2020

A cobalt-catalyzed direct C–H/N–H functionalization of thiophene-2-carbohydrazides with maleimides by utilizing 2-(1-methylhydrazinyl)pyridine (MHP) as an easily removable bidentate directing group has been developed.
Agglomeration enhancement of AlN surface diffusion fluxes on a (0 0 0 1)-sapphire substrate grown by pulsed atomic-layer epitaxy techniques via MOCVD
Authors: Abd Rahman Mohd Nazri , Yusuf Yusnizam , Anuar Afiq , Mahat Mohamad Raqif , Chanlek Narong , Talik Noor Azrina , Abdul Khudus Muhammad I. M. , Zainal Norzaini , Abd Majid Wan Haliza , Shuhaimi Ahmad
Published: April 2020

An atomically flat covering with a dense and crack-free surface of aluminium nitride films was successfully deposited on a sapphire-(0 0 0 1) substrate through a pulsed atomic-layer epitaxy technique via horizontal metalorganic chemical vapour deposition.
A multiporous carbon family with superior stability, tunable electronic structures and amazing hydrogen storage capability
Authors: Xie Lianfang , Wang Zheng , Xu Xuechun , Cai Yingxiang
Published: April 2020

The traditional view that natural allotropes are more stable than artificially synthesized structures is broken.
Energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) for operando materials characterization within batteries
Authors: Marschilok Amy C. , Bruck Andrea M. , Abraham Alyson , Stackhouse Chavis A. , Takeuchi Kenneth J. , Takeuchi Esther S. , Croft Mark , Gallaway Joshua W.
Published: April 2020

This review highlights the efficacy of EDXRD as a non-destructive characterization tool in elucidating system-level phenomena for batteries.
Four resonance structures elucidate double-bond isomerisation of a biological chromophore
Authors: Gromov Evgeniy V. , Domratcheva Tatiana
Published: April 2020

Four resonance structures determining the electronic structure of the chromophore’s ground and first excited states. Changing the relative energies of the structures by hydrogen-bonding interactions tunes all chromophore’s photochemical properties.
The effect of crystallite size on low-temperature hydrothermal stability of Cu-SAPO-34
Authors: Du Jinpeng , Shi Xiaoyan , Shan Yulong , Wang Yingjie , Zhang Wenshuo , Yu Yunbo , Shan Wenpo , He Hong
Published: April 2020

Two Cu-SAPO-34 catalysts with different crystallite sizes were obtained, and catalyst with smaller crystallite size had better low-temperature hydrothermal stability because of less Cu2+ species on the surface.
An alternative for the anode materials of nickel metal hydride batteries: an AB3-type La0.6Gd0.2Mg0.2Ni2.6Co0.3Al0.1hydrogen storage alloy
Authors: Gao Zhijie , Meng Qingwu , Zhang Ying , Zhang Faliang , Luo Yongchun , Li Hai-Wen
Published: April 2020

In this work, AB3-type La0.6Gd0.2Mg0.2Ni2.6Co0.3Al0.1alloys with approximately single PuNi3phase and PuNi3-/Ce2Ni7-type multiphase were designed and characterized.
Chemoselective oxidative addition of vinyl sulfones mediated by palladium complexes bearing picolyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands.
Authors: Scattolin Thomas , Santo Claudio , Demitri Nicola , Canovese Luciano , Visentin Fabiano
Published: April 2020

We have examined in depth the features of oxidative addition of (E)-1,2 ditosylethene on palladium(0) complexes bearing picolyl-N-heterocyclic carbenes.
Crystal melting and vitrification behaviors of a three-dimensional nitrile-based metal–organic framework
Authors: Das Chinmoy , Horike Satoshi
Published: April 2020

A 3D porous MOF containing a tripodal nitrile ligand was found to show crystal melting at 271 °C and vitrification.
In-flow measurement of cell–cell adhesion using oscillatory inertial microfluidics
Authors: Mutlu Baris R. , Dubash Taronish , Dietsche Claudius , Mishra Avanish , Ozbey Arzu , Keim Kevin , Edd Jon F. , Haber Daniel A. , Maheswaran Shyamala , Toner Mehmet
Published: April 2020

Cell–cell adhesion strength of freely suspended cell clusters can be measured using an oscillatory inertial microfluidic system.
Correction: A smart indwelling needle with on-demand switchable anticoagulant and hemostatic activities
Authors: Wu Yuanhao , Wang Hongbo , Fan Chuanchuan , Xu Ziyang , Liu Bo , Liu Wenguang
Published: April 2020

Correction for ‘A smart indwelling needle with on-demand switchable anticoagulant and hemostatic activities’ by Yuanhao Wu et al., Mater. Horiz., 2020, DOI: 10.1039/c9mh01619h.
Synthesis and enantioseparation of proline-derived helical polyacetylenes as chiral stationary phases for HPLC
Authors: Shi Ge , Dai Xiao , Zhou Yue , Zhang Jie , Shen Jun , Wan Xinhua
Published: April 2020

Proline-derived aliphatically substituted polyacetylenes with stable helical conformations exhibit an excellent enantioseparation ability as chiral stationary phases of HPLC.
Nitrogen-doped porous carbon from biomass with superior catalytic performance for acetylene hydrochlorination
Authors: Shen Zhaobing , Liu Yue , Han Yejun , Qin Yejun , Li Jinhua , Xing Ping , Jiang Biao
Published: April 2020

A green, highly efficient and low-cost nitrogen-doped soybean metal carbon (SBMC) catalyst obtained from the simple carbonization of biomass soybean meal (SBM) in the presence of zinc chloride.
A platinum promoted Ag/SBA-15 catalyst effective in selective oxidation of methanol – design and surface characterization
Authors: Wisniewska Joanna , Dziedzic Izabela , Ziolek Maria
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study was better understanding of surface properties of Ag–Pt catalysts and to verify if addition of platinum promoter to silver loaded on SBA-15, would improve the catalytic properties of Ag–Pt materials in selective oxidation of methanol to methyl formate.
The tripeptide GHG as an unexpected hydrogelator triggered by imidazole deprotonation
Authors: Hesser Morgan , Thursch Lavenia , Lewis Todd , DiGuiseppi David , Alvarez Nicolas J. , Schweitzer-Stenner Reinhard
Published: April 2020

The tripeptide glycyl-histidyl-glycine (GHG) self-assembles into long, crystalline fibrils forming a strong hydrogel (G′ ∼ 50 kPa) above a critical concentration of 40 mM upon the deprotonation of its imidazole group.
Correction: Preparation of electrospray ALG/PDA–PVP nanocomposites and their application in cancer therapy
Authors: Xu Yangjie , Zhao Jiulong , Zhang Zhilun , Zhang Jing , Huang Mingxian , Wang Shige , Xie Pei
Published: April 2020

Correction for ‘Preparation of electrospray ALG/PDA–PVP nanocomposites and their application in cancer therapy’ by Yangjie Xu et al., Soft Matter, 2020, 16, 132–141.
Electrochemically deposited Sn catalysts with dense tips on a gas diffusion electrode for electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Lim Jinkyu , Kang Phil Woong , Jeon Sun Seo , Lee Hyunjoo
Published: April 2020

Productivity of formates from electrochemical CO2 reduction was enhanced by using a Sn catalyst with dense tips electrodeposited on a gas diffusion electrode.
Sodium phthalate as an anode material for sodium ion batteries: effect of the bridging carbonyl group
Authors: Wang Liang-Yu , Ma Chao , Wei Xiao , Chang Baobao , Wang Kai-Xue , Chen Jie-Sheng
Published: April 2020

The bridging carbonyl group initiates the insertion of sodium ions and activates the ortho-carbonyl functional groups of sodium phthalate.
Hierarchical architectures of mesoporous Pd on highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays for electrochemical CO2 reduction
Authors: Zou Jinshuo , Iqbal Muhammad , Vijayakumar Amruthalakshmi , Wang Caiyun , Macfarlane Douglas R. , Yamauchi Yusuke , Lee Chong-Yong , Wallace Gordon G.
Published: April 2020

A novel hierarchical structure was achieved by pulsed electrodeposition of mesoporous Pd onto highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays. We examined the implications of mass transfer limitations of this architecture towards product selectivity of CO2 electroreduction.
Enhanced growth of Nd3+:MgGdB5O10 laser crystals with intense multi-wavelength emission characteristics
Authors: Sun Shijia , Wei Qi , Huang Yisheng , Yuan Feifei , Lou Fei , Zhong Degao , Zhang Lizhen , Lin Zhoubin , Teng Bing
Published: April 2020

Higher quality Nd:GMB crystals were obtained using enhanced K2Mo3O10–B2O3 flux. Intense multi-wavelength emissions reveal their potential in THz technology.
Ferrocene-based hyperbranched polymers: a synthetic strategy for shape control and applications as electroactive materials and precursor-derived magnetic ceramics
Authors: Wei Zhuoxun , Wang Dong , Liu Yurong , Guo Xuyun , Zhu Ye , Meng Zhengong , Yu Zhen-Qiang , Wong Wai-Yeung
Published: April 2020

Ferrocene-based hyperbranched polymers were prepared with different shapes of spheres and hollow polyhedra, and the 3D topological structures were studied as electroactive materials and precursor-derived magnetic ceramics, respectively.
Inorganic polyphosphate is produced and hydrolyzed in F0F1-ATP synthase of mammalian mitochondria
Authors: Baev Artyom Y. , Angelova Plamena R. , Abramov Andrey Y.
Published: April 2020

Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a polymer present in all living organisms. Although polyP is found to be involved in a variety of functions in cells of higher organisms, the enzyme responsible for polyP production and consumption has not yet been identified. Here, we studied the effect of polyP on mitochondrial respiration, oxidative phosphorylation and activity of F0F1-ATPsynthase. We have found that polyP activates mitochondrial respiration which does not coupled with ATP production (V2) but inhibits ADP-dependent respiration (V3). Moreover, PolyP can stimulate F0F1-ATPase activity in the presence of ATP and, importantly, can be hydrolyzed in this enzyme instead of ATP. Furthermore, PolyP can be produced in mitochondria in the presence of substrates for respiration and phosphate by the F0F1-ATPsynthase. Thus, polyP is an energy molecule in mammalian cells which can be produced and hydrolyzed in the mitochondrial F0F1-ATPsynthase.
A local α-helix drives structural evolution of streptococcal M-protein affinity for host human plasminogen
Authors: Qiu Cunjia , Yuan Yue , Lee Shaun W. , Ploplis Victoria A. , Castellino Francis J.
Published: April 2020

Plasminogen-binding group A streptococcal M-protein (PAM) is a signature surface virulence factor of specific strains of Group A Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) and is an important tight binding protein for human plasminogen (hPg). After activation of PAM-bound hPg to the protease, plasmin (hPm), GAS cells develop invasive surfaces that are critical for their pathogenicity. PAMs are helical dimers in solution, which are sensitive to temperature changes over a physiological temperature range. We previously categorized PAMs into three classes (I–III) based on the number and nature of short tandem α-helical repeats (a1 and a2) in their NH2-terminal A-domains that dictate interactions with hPg/hPm. Class II PAMs are special cases since they only contain the a2-repeat, while Class I and Class III PAMs encompass complete a1a2-repeats. All dimeric PAMs tightly associate with hPg, regardless of their categories, but monomeric Class II PAMs bind to hPg much weaker than their Class I and Class III monomeric counterparts. Additionally, since the A-domains of Class II PAMs comprise different residues from other PAMs, the issue emerges as to whether Class II PAMs utilize different amino acid side chains for interactions with hPg. Herein, through NMR-refined structural analyses, we elucidate the atomic-level hPg-binding mechanisms adopted by two representative Class II PAMs. Furthermore, we develop an evolutionary model that explains from unique structural perspectives why PAMs develop variable A-domains with regard to hPg-binding affinity.
MIR600HG suppresses metastasis and enhances oxaliplatin chemosensitivity by targeting ALDH1A3 in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yao Yi , Li Nan
Published: April 2020

Background: Metastasis and chemoresistance indicate a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, the mechanisms that lead to the development of chemoresistance and metastasis in CRC remain unclear.

Materials and methods: We combined clinical and experimental studies to determine the role of MIR600HG in CRC metastasis and chemoresistance. The statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism software, version 8.0.

Results: We detected down-regulated expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MIR600HG in CRC specimens and cell lines compared with normal controls, and the expression level of MIR600HG was inversely correlated with the overall survival of CRC patients. The inhibition of MIR600HG stimulated CRC cell metastasis and chemoresistance. In addition, our data showed that the inhibition of MIR600HG stimulated CRC stemness, while the overexpression of MIR600HG suppressed stemness. Importantly, our animal experiments showed that MIR600HG inhibited tumour formation and that the combination of MIR600HG inhibition and oxaliplatin (Oxa) treatment significantly inhibited tumour growth compared with that with either intervention alone. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MIR600HG exerts its anticancer role by targeting ALDH1A3 in CRC.

Conclusions: Our data suggest that MIR600HG functions as a tumour suppressor and that the overexpression of MIR600HG inhibits tumour invasion and enhances chemosensitivity, providing a new strategy for CRC treatment.
Targeting perivascular and epicardial adipose tissue inflammation: therapeutic opportunities for cardiovascular disease
Authors: Rafeh Rim , Viveiros Anissa , Oudit Gavin Y. , El-Yazbi Ahmed F.
Published: April 2020

Major shifts in human lifestyle and dietary habits toward sedentary behavior and refined food intake triggered steep increase in the incidence of metabolic disorders including obesity and Type 2 diabetes. Patients with metabolic disease are at a high risk of cardiovascular complications ranging from microvascular dysfunction to cardiometabolic syndromes including heart failure. Despite significant advances in the standards of care for obese and diabetic patients, current therapeutic approaches are not always successful in averting the accompanying cardiovascular deterioration. There is a strong relationship between adipose inflammation seen in metabolic disorders and detrimental changes in cardiovascular structure and function. The particular importance of epicardial and perivascular adipose pools emerged as main modulators of the physiology or pathology of heart and blood vessels. Here, we review the peculiarities of these two fat depots in terms of their origin, function, and pathological changes during metabolic deterioration. We highlight the rationale for pharmacological targeting of the perivascular and epicardial adipose tissue or associated signaling pathways as potential disease modifying approaches in cardiometabolic syndromes.
Exocomets: A spectroscopic survey
Authors: Rebollido I. , Eiroa C. , Montesinos B. , Maldonado J. , Villaver E. , Absil O. , Bayo A. , Canovas H. , Carmona A. , Chen Ch. , Ertel S. , Henning Th. , Iglesias D. P. , Launhardt R. , Liseau R. , Meeus G. , Moór A. , Mora A. , Olofsson J. , Rauw G. , Riviere-Marichalar P.
Published: April 2020

Context.While exoplanets are now routinely detected, the detection of small bodies in extrasolar systems remains challenging. Since the discovery of sporadic events, which are interpreted to be exocomets (falling evaporating bodies) aroundβPic in the early 1980s, only ∼20 stars have been reported to host exocomet-like events.

Aims.We aim to expand the sample of known exocomet-host stars, as well as to monitor the hot-gas environment around stars with previously known exocometary activity.

Methods.We have obtained high-resolution optical spectra of a heterogeneous sample of 117 main-sequence stars in the spectral type range from B8 to G8. The data were collected in 14 observing campaigns over the course of two years from both hemispheres. We analysed the Ca IIK&H and Na ID lines in order to search for non-photospheric absorptions that originated in the circumstellar environment and for variable events that could be caused by the outgassing of exocomet-like bodies.

Results.We detected non-photospheric absorptions towards 50% of the sample, thus attributing a circumstellar origin to half of the detections (i.e. 26% of the sample). Hot circumstellar gas was detected in the metallic lines inspected via narrow stable absorptions and/or variable blue- and red-shifted absorption events. Such variable events were found in 18 stars in the Ca IIand/or Na Ilines; six of them are reported in the context of this work for the first time. In some cases, the variations we report in the Ca IIK line are similar to those observed inβPic. While we do not find a significant trend in the age or location of the stars, we do find that the probability of finding CS gas in stars with largervsiniis higher. We also find a weak trend with the presence of near-infrared excess and with anomalous (λBoo-like) abundances, but this would require confirmation by expanding the sample.
SiO maser astrometry of the red transient V838 Monocerotis
Authors: Ortiz-León Gisela N. , Menten Karl M. , Kamiński Tomasz , Brunthaler Andreas , Reid Mark J. , Tylenda Romuald
Published: April 2020

We present multiepoch observations with the Very Long Baseline Array of SiO maser emission in the v = 1, J = 1−0 transition at 43 GHz from the remnant of the red nova V838 Mon. We modeled the positions of maser spots to derive a parallax of 0.166 ± 0.060 mas. Combining this parallax with other distance information results in a distance of 5.6 ± 0.5 kpc, which is in agreement with an independent geometric distance of 6.1 ± 0.6 kpc from modeling polarimetry images of V838 Mon’s light echo. Combining these results, and including a weakly constraining Gaia parallax, yields a best estimate of distance of 5.9 ± 0.4 kpc. The maser spots are located close to the peaks of continuum at ∼225 GHz and SiO J  =  5−4 thermal emission detected with the Atacama Large (sub)Millimeter Array. The proper motion of V838 Mon confirms its membership in a small open cluster in the Outer spiral arm of the Milky Way.
Tinea Corporis: An Evidence-Based Case Report Treated with Homoeopathic Medicine Sepia
Authors: Dixit Ashish Kumar , Giri Nibha
Published: April 2020

Tinea corporis or ringworm is common presenting complaint in daily practice. This disease has great physical and psychological impact on social life. Ringworm spreads in a circular form with central clearing. This is a case of a 48-year-old male having several coin like eruption on chest and widespread on shoulder and back. The homoeopathic medicine Sepia was prescribed in 200 potency on the basis of totality of symptoms and after repertorisation. Case has been followed up to 17 weeks; there was marked improvement in eruption from baseline and other associated complaints.
Velocimetry and response surface regression analysis of a swirling bed tested with mesh-coupled axial blade distributor
Authors: Shukrullah S. , Javed M. A. , Naz M. Y. , AbdEl-Salam N. M. , Ibrahim K. A. , Ghaffar A.
Published: April 2020

Fluidized bed technology is being used in several industrial processes. The well-controlled fluidization of a bed material is a prerequisite for successful implementation of this technology. Several variants of distributors are being tested for fluidized beds; however, scant information is available on their working regimes. In this study, an annular distributor was constructed by fixing blades between two concentric rings and covering the assembly with a wire mesh. This new distributor design was tested for fluidization of batches of a spherical bed material at different blade angles and superficial air velocities (SAVs). High-speed imaging and MATLAB supported velocimetry techniques were used to generate velocity vector fields of fluidized beds. These fields were analyzed further for bed velocity measurements at different bed zones. A response surface regression model was applied on the data to predict the response of the bed parameters. Statistically, the bed velocity was predicted to be about 0.497 m/s with the confidence interval in the range of 0.4948–0.4999. The experimental bed velocity remained between 0.531 m/s and 0.538 m/s under an optimized blade angle of 60°, SAV of 2.3 m/s, and bed weight of 500 g.
Frenkel–Holstein Hamiltonian applied to absorption spectra of quaterthiophene-based 2D hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites
Authors: Janke Svenja M. , Qarai Mohammad B. , Blum Volker , Spano Frank C.
Published: April 2020

For the prototypical two-dimensional hybrid organic–inorganic perovskites (2D HOIPs) (AE4T)PbX4 (X = Cl, Br, and I), we demonstrate that the Frenkel–Holstein Hamiltonian (FHH) can be applied to describe the absorption spectrum arising from the organic component. We first model the spectra using only the four nearest neighbor couplings between translationally inequivalent molecules in the organic herringbone lattice as fitting parameters in the FHH. We next use linear-response time-dependent density functional theory (LR-TDDFT) to calculate molecular transition densities, from which extended excitonic couplings are evaluated based on the atomic positions within the 2D HOIPs. We find that both approaches reproduce the experimentally observed spectra, including changes in their shape and peak positions. The spectral changes are correlated with a decrease in excitonic coupling from X = Cl to X = I. Importantly, the LR-TDDFT-based approach with extended excitonic couplings not only gives better agreement with the experimental absorption line shape than the approach using a restricted set of fitted parameters but also allows us to relate the changes in excitonic coupling to the underlying geometry. We accordingly find that the decrease in excitonic coupling from X = Cl to Br to I is due to an increase in molecular separation, which in turn can be related to the increasing Pb–X bond length from Cl to I. Our research opens up a potential pathway to predicting optoelectronic properties of new 2D HOIPs from ab initio calculations and to gain insight into structural relations from 2D HOIP absorption spectra.
Ergodicity, mixing, and recurrence in the three rotor problem
Authors: Krishnaswami Govind S. , Senapati Himalaya
Published: April 2020

In the classical three rotor problem, three equal point masses move on a circle subject to attractive cosine potentials of strength g. In the center of mass frame, energy E is the only known conserved quantity. In earlier works [Krishnaswami and Senapati, Indian Acad. Sci. Conf. Ser. 2(1), 139 (2019), and Chaos 29(12), 123121 (2019)], an order–chaos–order transition was discovered in this system along with a band of global chaos for 5.33g≤E≤5.6g. Here, we provide numerical evidence for ergodicity and mixing in this band. The distributions of relative angles and angular momenta along generic trajectories are shown to approach the corresponding distributions over constant energy hypersurfaces (weighted by the Liouville measure) as a power-law in time. Moreover, trajectories emanating from a small volume are shown to become uniformly distributed over constant energy hypersurfaces, indicating that the dynamics is mixing. Outside this band, ergodicity and mixing fail, though the distributions of angular momenta over constant energy hypersurfaces show interesting phase transitions from Wignerian to bimodal with increasing energy. Finally, in the band of global chaos, the distribution of recurrence times to finite size cells is found to follow an exponential law with the mean recurrence time satisfying a scaling law involving an exponent consistent with global chaos and ergodicity.
The ground and ionic states of cyclohepta-1,3,5-triene and their relationship to norcaradiene states: New 1H and 13C NMR spectra and analysis of a new experimental photoelectron spectrum by ab initio methods
Authors: Palmer Michael H. , Aitken R. Alan , Coreno Marcello , de Simone Monica , Grazioli Cesare , Hoffmann Søren Vrønning , Jones Nykola C.
Published: April 2020

The strong inter-relationship between cyclohepta-1,3,5-triene (CHT) and norcaradiene (NCD) systems observed in some reactions has been extended to include the energy surfaces for some low-lying ionic states. Equilibrium structures for ionic states of CHT with 2A′ symmetry were routinely found; the structures emerging with 2A′′ symmetry were NCD ionic states. A detailed analysis of these surfaces as a function of the C1 to C6 distance showed that while minima occurred for both state symmetries, curve crossing occurs in CS symmetry, which is avoided by distortion to C1 symmetry. The CHT → NCD structural change is attributed to initial conrotatory closure of the singly occupied molecular orbital. A new synchrotron-based photoelectron spectrum (PES) for CHT up to 25 eV shows little vibrational structure. We have assigned the PES up to 17 eV using a variety of theoretical methods. The calculated lowest ionic state, X2A′, is predicted to have a very low vibrational frequency of 87 cm−1, leading to a high density of vibrational states. The Franck–Condon envelopes calculated for the two lowest states are almost completely contained within the envelope of the lowest PES band. A comparison of the predicted PES of CHT and NCD showed much closer agreement of the PES with that of CHT. An analysis of the 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of CHT showed no evidence of NCD. The increased chemical shifts arising from the higher frequencies used here lead to significant changes in appearance when compared with earlier NMR spectra.
Two-photon pumped spaser based on the CdS/ZnS core/shell quantum dot–mesoporous silica–metal structure
Authors: Zhan Zi-Jun , Ma Li , Li Jian-Fei , Zhang Yu-Qin , Liu Chun-Xiang , Zhang Rui-Rui , Zeng Xiang-Yu , Cheng Chuan-Fu , Cheng Chen
Published: April 2020

The spaser (a plasmonic nanolaser) has rapidly advanced as a subwavelength light source candidate. Herein, we introduce a spaser based on a quantum-dot, mesoporous-oxide, and metal structure from top to bottom consisting of CdS/ZnS core/shell quantum dots, a mesoporous silica film (MSF), and an Au film, respectively. Two-photon pumping using femtosecond laser pulses at 800 nm creates amplified spontaneous emission at approximately 451 nm. The advantages of MSF as a dielectric gap layer are examined through numerical simulations. Measuring the dependence of the luminescence intensity on the average pump power confirms the occurrence of two-photon up-conversion luminescence.
Mid-infrared dual-comb spectroscopy with room-temperature bi-functional interband cascade lasers and detectors
Authors: Sterczewski L. A. , Bagheri M. , Frez C. , Canedy C. L. , Vurgaftman I. , Meyer J. R.
Published: April 2020

Interband cascade (IC) laser structures offer attractive potential for operation at room temperature as both broadband coherent sources of mid-infrared light and fast photodetectors. This makes the realization of extremely compact spectrometers on a monolithic platform possible, and even dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) configurations. IC comb devices are perfect candidates for this configuration, since they develop near-THz-wide optical frequency comb spectra from a millimeter-sized cavity, using a multi-stage structure that can also function as a very fast photodetector. In this work, we leverage IC photodetectors with a gigahertz bandwidth to demonstrate a self-contained, free-running, room-temperature DCS system in the mid-infrared. The DCS system used detection by the same bi-functional IC device structure to measure 1,1-difluoroethane over ∼600 GHz of optical coverage around 3.6 µm. These results show that the IC platform is suitable for full integration as a broadband, high-resolution on-chip spectrometer in a future chemical sensing system.
Study of the flow and impingement of water droplets inside an inertial particle separator
Authors: Chen Ningli , Du Jianmin , Hu Yaping , Ji Honghu , Yuan Yongqing
Published: April 2020

An inertial particle separator (IPS) mounted before a helicopter engine faces the danger of ice accretion caused by the impingement of super-cooled water droplets. This paper shows the results of a numerical study on the flow and impingement of water droplets in the IPS using the Eulerian–Eulerian method. Cases for different medium volume diameters (MVDs = 5 μm, 10 μm, and 20 µm), liquid water contents (LWCs = 0.5 g/m3, 2 g/m3, and 4 g/m3), and incoming velocities (U0s = 40 m/s, 65 m/s, and 90 m/s) are examined to study their effects on the flow and impingement of water droplets in the IPS. The results indicate that the IPS can reduce the water that enters the core flow path by trapping the water on the inner walls and separating it into the scavenge flow path. The ratio between the flow rate of water at the outlet of the core flow path and that at the inlet (ṁc/ṁinlet) decreases with an increased MVD or incoming velocity, which, however, does not change with the LWC. The results also show that the water collection coefficient (β) on the hub and shroud walls increases with a greater MVD, while the β on the splitter wall reaches its maximum at an MVD of 10 µm in the studied cases. The LWC does not have any effect on β for any of the IPS walls, while β increases on all IPS surfaces with the incoming velocity.
Temporal evolution of sample entropy in thermal lens system
Authors: Raj Vimal , Swapna M. S. , Satheesh Kumar K. , Sankararaman S.
Published: April 2020

The photothermal phenomenon resulting in thermal lens formation in liquid media involves complex molecular dynamics responsible for temperature and refractive index variation. As a thermodynamic system, the entropy of the medium also changes. In this paper, the time series and phase portrait analysis of the thermal lens signal is carried out to understand the molecular dynamics. The study reveals the increase in complexity, disorder, and antipersistance nature through fractal dimension, sample entropy, and Hurst exponent, respectively. The analysis of the signal on segmentation reveals the evolution of sample entropy and the stochastic nature of the system with time. The phase portrait analysis also is in support of these observations. Thus, the study suggests that the temporal evolution of sample entropy is similar to the temperature-dependent refractive index.
The rotation of two-dimensional elliptical porous particles in a simple shear flow with fluid inertia
Authors: Liu Jiajia , Li Chenggong , Ye Mao , Liu Zhongmin
Published: April 2020

The motion of porous particles in fluid flow is of fundamental importance in both natural and industrial processes. Recent work shows that fluid inertia can essentially alter the rotation of spherical porous particles in a simple shear flow. In this contribution, we examined the influence of fluid inertia on the rotation of elliptical porous particles in shear flow by solving the volume-averaged macroscopic equations with a two-dimensional lattice Boltzmann model. It is confirmed that the Darcy number Da has only a minor effect on the rotation of elliptical porous particles if fluid inertia is neglected. At finite fluid inertia, the elliptical porous particles, however, manifested time-periodic rotation with a non-uniform angular rate. For particles with small to intermediate Da, the period of rotation increases with Reynolds number Re up to a critical Rec above which the particle would stop rotating. It is shown that the maximum and minimum angular rates, as well as the inclination angle at which the particle has a minimum angular rate, are significantly affected by Da. A scaling law for the period of rotation initially proposed for solid impermeable particles can be extended to elliptical porous particles at finite fluid inertia. For a highly permeable ellipse, however, Rec has not been observed, and thus, the scaling law breaks down. We calculated the relative viscosity and intrinsic viscosity for simple shear flow containing elliptical porous particles. A formula developed for suspensions with vanishing Re can also be extended to correlate the intrinsic viscosity to Da at finite Re.
Luminescence and temperature sensing properties of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped Ba3.75Sr1.24-xEr0.01Ybx Nb10O30 at the tetragonal-orthorhombic phase boundary
Authors: Wang Simiao , Li Yanxia , Zhao Yan , Hu Rui , Wang Xusheng , Yao Xi
Published: April 2020

Er3+ doped BaxSr0.998-xEr0.002Nb2O6 (SBNx, x = 0.25, 0.40, 0.50, 0.60, 0.75) and Er–Yb co-doped Ba3.75Sr1.24-xEr0.01YbxNb10O30 (SBN75, x = 0, 1:10, 1:20, 1:25, 1:30) ferroelectric ceramics were synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. With the change in stoichiometric x, upconversion (UC) luminescence and temperature sensing properties of the SBN were investigated. The sample (SBN75) at the morphotropic phase boundary is found to obtain the highest emission intensity. For Er–Yb co-doped Ba3.75Sr1.24-xEr0.01YbxNb10O30 ceramics, bright UC green and red emissions originated from a two-photon energy-transfer process were observed under 980 nm laser excitation. The temperature sensing properties were measured by means of a fluorescence intensity ratio technique, and the maximum sensitivity was approximately 0.0074 K−1 at 631 K in the sample SBN75:0.01Er/0.20Yb. From these findings, Er3+ ions doped in SBN ceramic, at the O-T phase boundary, have potential applications for temperature sensors.
Computational study on the electronic g-tensors of hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanodiamonds interacting with water
Authors: Masys Š. , Rinkevicius Z. , Tamulienė J.
Published: April 2020

Hydrogenated and hydroxylated nanodiamonds (NDs) are modeled by putting emphasis on the most common paramagnetic impurities—dangling bonds as well as single substitutional nitrogen atoms—and their interaction with water. It is shown that, despite its overall hydrophobicity, hydrogenated ND can become locally hydrophilic due to the introduced defects; therefore, water molecules may be attracted to the particular sites at its surface. To assess the direct influence of water on the magnetic behavior of NDs, the solvent-induced shift of the g-tensor was employed, indicating that for the same types of impurities, the impact the water has strongly depends on their positions in ND. In addition, water molecules at the locally hydrophilic sites of hydrogenated ND may influence the magnetic behavior of defects to the same extent as it may be influenced in the case of hydroxylated ND. Moreover, the overall hydrophilic nature of the latter does not necessarily guarantee that water, although being strongly attracted to the vicinity of impurity, will form a hydrogen bond network with a substantial impact on the local environment of the unpaired electron. The obtained data imply that in the context of the Overhauser effect, for which the solvent-induced shift of the g-tensor is proposed as a tool to reveal whether some NDs are more favorable for it to occur compared to the others, hydrogenated NDs should perform no worse than hydroxylated ones, despite only the local hydrophilicity of the former.
Predicting the phase behavior of mixtures of active spherical particles
Authors: van der Meer Berend , Prymidis Vasileios , Dijkstra Marjolein , Filion Laura
Published: April 2020

An important question in the field of active matter is whether or not it is possible to predict the phase behavior of these systems. Here, we study the phase coexistence of binary mixtures of torque-free active Brownian particles for both systems with purely repulsive interactions and systems with attractions. Using Brownian dynamics simulations, we show that phase coexistences can be predicted quantitatively for these systems by measuring the pressure and “reservoir densities.” Specifically, in agreement with the previous literature, we find that the coexisting phases are in mechanical equilibrium, i.e., the two phases have the same pressure. Importantly, we also demonstrate that the coexisting phases are in chemical equilibrium by bringing each phase into contact with particle reservoirs and show that for each species, these reservoirs are characterized by the same density for both phases. Using this requirement of mechanical and chemical equilibrium, we accurately construct the phase boundaries from properties that can be measured purely from the individual coexisting phases. This result highlights that torque-free active Brownian systems follow simple coexistence rules, thus shedding new light on their thermodynamics.
Energy transport analysis in a Ga0.84In0.16N/GaN heterostructure using microscopic Raman images employing simultaneous coaxial irradiation of two lasers
Authors: Okamoto Shungo , Saito Naomichi , Ito Kotaro , Ma Bei , Morita Ken , Iida Daisuke , Ohkawa Kazuhiro , Ishitani Yoshihiro
Published: April 2020

Anisotropic heat transport in a Ga0.84In0.16N/GaN-heterostructure on a sapphire substrate is observed from microscopic Raman images obtained by utilizing coaxial irradiation of two laser beams, one for heating (325 nm) in the GaInN layer and the other for signal probing (325 nm or 532 nm). The increase in temperatures of the GaInN layer and the underlying GaN layer is probed by the 325-nm and 532-nm lasers, respectively, by analyzing the shift in the Raman peak energy of the higher energy branch of E2 modes. The result reveals that energy diffuses across a considerable length in the GaInN layer, whereas the energy transport in the perpendicular direction to the GaN layer is blocked in the vicinity of misfit dislocations on the heterointerface. This simultaneous irradiation of two lasers for heat generation and probing is effective in the microscopic analysis of energy transport through heterointerfaces.
Assessing the structural heterogeneity of supercooled liquids through community inference
Authors: Paret Joris , Jack Robert L. , Coslovich Daniele
Published: April 2020

We present an information-theoretic approach inspired by distributional clustering to assess the structural heterogeneity of particulate systems. Our method identifies communities of particles that share a similar local structure by harvesting the information hidden in the spatial variation of two- or three-body static correlations. This corresponds to an unsupervised machine learning approach that infers communities solely from the particle positions and their species. We apply this method to three models of supercooled liquids and find that it detects subtle forms of local order, as demonstrated by a comparison with the statistics of Voronoi cells. Finally, we analyze the time-dependent correlation between structural communities and particle mobility and show that our method captures relevant information about glassy dynamics.