bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 deficiency misguides venous thrombus resolution
Authors: Kellermair Joerg , Redwan Bassam , Alias Sherin , Jabkowski Joerg , Panzenboeck Adelheid , Kellermair Lukas , Winter Max P. , Weltermann Ansgar , Lang Irene M.
Published: October 2013

Key Points

PECAM-1 deficiency misguides venous thrombus resolution. PECAM-1 cell surface shedding occurs at the site of venous thrombosis.
RNA-Seq of Bacillus licheniformis: active regulatory RNA features expressed within a productive fermentation
Authors: Wiegand Sandra , Dietrich Sascha , Hertel Robert , Bongaerts Johannes , Evers Stefan , Volland Sonja , Daniel Rolf , Liesegang Heiko
Published: October 2013

Background

The production of enzymes by an industrial strain requires a complex adaption of the bacterial metabolism to the conditions within the fermenter. Regulatory events within the process result in a dynamic change of the transcriptional activity of the genome. This complex network of genes is orchestrated by proteins as well as regulatory RNA elements. Here we present an RNA-Seq based study considering selected phases of an industry-oriented fermentation of Bacillus licheniformis.

Results

A detailed analysis of 20 strand-specific RNA-Seq datasets revealed a multitude of transcriptionally active genomic regions. 3314 RNA features encoded by such active loci have been identified and sorted into ten functional classes. The identified sequences include the expected RNA features like housekeeping sRNAs, metabolic riboswitches and RNA switches well known from studies on Bacillus subtilis as well as a multitude of completely new candidates for regulatory RNAs. An unexpectedly high number of 855 RNA features are encoded antisense to annotated protein and RNA genes, in addition to 461 independently transcribed small RNAs. These antisense transcripts contain molecules with a remarkable size range variation from 38 to 6348 base pairs in length. The genome of the type strain B. licheniformis DSM13 was completely reannotated using data obtained from RNA-Seq analyses and from public databases.

Conclusion

The hereby generated data-sets represent a solid amount of knowledge on the dynamic transcriptional activities during the investigated fermentation stages. The identified regulatory elements enable research on the understanding and the optimization of crucial metabolic activities during a productive fermentation of Bacillus licheniformis strains.
Protective effect of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: Eicosapentaenoic acid/Docosahexaenoic acid 1:1 ratio on cardiovascular disease risk markers in rats
Authors: Lluís Laura , Taltavull Núria , Muñoz-Cortés Mònica , Sánchez-Martos Vanesa , Romeu Marta , Giralt Montse , Molinar-Toribio Eunice , Torres Josep Lluís , Pérez-Jiménez Jara , Pazos Manuel , Méndez Lucía , Gallardo José M , Medina Isabel , Nogués M Rosa
Published: October 2013

Background

High consumption of fish carries a lower risk of cardiovascular disease as a consequence of dietary omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA; especially EPA and DHA) content. A controversy exists about the component/s responsible of these beneficial effects and, in consequence, which is the best proportion between both fatty acids. We sought to determine, in healthy Wistar rats, the proportions of EPA and DHA that would induce beneficial effects on biomarkers of oxidative stress, and cardiovascular disease risk.

Methods

Female Wistar rats were fed for 13 weeks with 5 different dietary supplements of oils; 3 derived from fish (EPA/DHA ratios of 1:1, 2:1, 1:2) plus soybean and linseed as controls. The activities of major antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPX, and GR) were determined in erythrocytes and liver, and the ORAC test was used to determine the antioxidant capacity in plasma. Also measured were: C reactive protein (CRP), endothelial dysfunction (sVCAM and sICAM), prothrombotic activity (PAI-1), lipid profile (triglycerides, cholesterol, HDLc, LDLc, Apo-A1, and Apo-B100), glycated haemoglobin and lipid peroxidation (LDL-ox and MDA values).

Results

After three months of nutritional intervention, we observed statistically significant differences in the ApoB100/ApoA1 ratio, glycated haemoglobin, VCAM-1, SOD and GPx in erythrocytes, ORAC values and LDL-ox. Supplementation with fish oil derived omega-3 PUFA increased VCAM-1, LDL-ox and plasma antioxidant capacity (ORAC). Conversely, the ApoB100/ApoA1 ratio and percentage glycated haemoglobin decreased.

Conclusions

Our results showed that a diet of a 1:1 ratio of EPA/DHA improved many of the oxidative stress parameters (SOD and GPx in erythrocytes), plasma antioxidant capacity (ORAC) and cardiovascular risk factors (glycated haemoglobin) relative to the other diets.
The fabrication of large-scale sub-10-nm core-shell silicon nanowire arrays
Authors: Su Shiming , Lin Linhan , Li Zhengcao , Feng Jiayou , Zhang Zhengjun
Published: October 2013

A combination of template-assisted metal catalytic etching and self-limiting oxidation has been successfully implemented to yield core-shell silicon nanowire arrays with inner diameter down to sub-10 nm. The diameter of the polystyrene spheres after reactive ion etching and the thickness of the deposited Ag film are both crucial for the removal of the polystyrene spheres. The mean diameter of the reactive ion-etched spheres, the holes on the Ag film, and the nanowires after metal catalytic etching exhibit an increasing trend during the synthesis process. Two-step dry oxidation and post-chemical etching were employed to reduce the diameter of the silicon nanowires to approximately 50 nm. A self-limiting effect was induced by further oxidation at lower temperatures (750°C ~ 850°C), and core-shell silicon nanowire arrays with controllable diameter were obtained.
Evaluation of remote monitoring of parturition in dairy cattle as a new tool for calving management
Authors: Palombi Claudio , Paolucci Marco , Stradaioli Giuseppe , Corubolo Mario , Pascolo Paolo B , Monaci Maurizio
Published: October 2013

Background

Proper calving management of dairy herds is a crucial aspect of the bovine life cycle, as it has profound effects on calf viability and on the post-partum course of the dam. The objectives of this study were to monitor the calving process through the use of a remote alarm system and to determine the impact of prompt emergency obstetric procedures in case of dystocia for the prevention of stillbirths and post-partum reproductive pathologies, and for improving herd fertility. Six groups of experimental animals were studied: monitored heifers (n = 60) and multiparous cows (n = 60) were compared with non-observed animals (n = 60 heifers and n = 60 multiparous) giving birth during the same time period and housed in the calving barn, and with unmonitored animals placed in a dry zone (n = 240 heifers and n = 112 multiparous cows).

Results

The incidence of dystocia ranged from a minimum of 23.4% (monitored multiparous cows) to a maximum of 33.3% (monitored heifers), and there were no differences compared with control groups. However, the rate of stillbirth was higher in control groups than in the monitored groups (P < 0.01). Among both heifers and multiparous cows, the incidence of post-partum uterine infections was higher in the unmonitored animals both in the calving barn (P < 0.01) and in the dry zone (P < 0.05) compared with monitored animals. Among both heifers and multiparous cows, the control groups showed higher rates of foetal membrane retention than did the monitored groups (P < 0.001). The calving-to-conception interval was shorter; in particular, observed heifers showed a significant advantage of approximately 46 days compared with the unmonitored group (P < 0.001) and 32 days compared with the group in the calving barn (P < 0.05). Multiparous cows also had a reduction in the number of days open.

Conclusions

The remote alarm system used to monitor the calving process assured the prompt presence of personnel, improving both the cow’s reproductive efficiency and neonatal viability.
Factors influencing time to diagnosis and initiation of treatment of endemic Burkitt Lymphoma among children in Uganda and western Kenya: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Buckle Geoffrey C , Collins Jennifer Pfau , Sumba Peter Odada , Nakalema Beccy , Omenah Dorine , Stiffler Kristine , Casper Corey , Otieno Juliana A , Orem Jackson , Moormann Ann M
Published: October 2013

Background

Survival rates for children diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) in Africa are far below those achieved in developed countries. Late stage of presentation contributes to poor prognosis, therefore this study investigated factors leading to delays in BL diagnosis and treatment of children in Uganda and western Kenya.

Methods

Guardians of children diagnosed with BL were interviewed at the Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital (JTRH) and Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) from Jan-Dec 2010. Information on sociodemographics, knowledge, attitudes, illness perceptions, health-seeking behaviors and prior health encounters was collected using a standardized, pre-tested questionnaire.

Results

Eighty-two guardians were interviewed (20 JTRH, 62 UCI). Median "total delay" (1st symptoms to BL diagnosis) was 12.1 weeks [interquartile range (IQR) 4.9-19.9] in Kenya and 12.9 weeks (IQR 4.3-25.7) in Uganda. In Kenya, median "guardian delay" (1st symptoms to 1st health encounter) and "health system delay" (1st health encounter to BL diagnosis) were 9.0 weeks (IQR 3.6-15.7) and 2.0 weeks (IQR 1.6-5.8), respectively. Data on guardian and health system delay in Uganda were only available for those with < 4 prior health encounters (n = 26). Of these, median guardian delay was 4.3 weeks (range 0.7-149.9), health system delay 2.6 weeks (range 0.1-16.0), and total delay 10.7 weeks (range 1.7-154.3). Guardians in Uganda reported more health encounters than those in Kenya (median 5, range 3–16 vs. median 3, range 2–6). Among Kenyan guardians, source of income was the only independent predictor of delay, whereas in Uganda, guardian delay was influenced by guardians’ beliefs on the curability of cancer, health system delay, by guardians’ perceptions of cancer as a contagious disease, and total delay, by the number of children in the household and guardians’ role as caretaker. Qualitative findings suggest financial costs, transportation, and other household responsibilities were major barriers to care.

Conclusions

Delays from symptom onset to BL treatment were considerable given the rapid growth rate of this cancer, with guardian delay constituting the majority of total delay in both settings. Future interventions should aim to reduce structural barriers to care and increase awareness of BL in particular and cancer in general within the community, as well as among health professionals.
A man with small vessel vasculitis presenting with brachial diplegia, multiple cranial mononeuropathies and severe orthostatic hypotension in diabetes mellitus: a case report
Authors: Zafar Sahar F , Goodman Jerry Clay , Ubogu Eroboghene E
Published: October 2013

Introduction

We report a rare case of fulminant vasculitic mononeuropathy resulting in brachial diplegia, with suspected brainstem and autonomic nervous system involvement in a patient with diabetes mellitus.

Case presentation

A 58-year-old Hispanic Caucasian man with diabetes mellitus presented with a 1-year history of progressive bilateral upper extremity weakness, orthostatic intolerance and progressive memory decline. Diagnostic evaluation including laboratory tests for progressive encephalopathies, systemic inflammatory and non-inflammatory neuropathies, cerebrospinal fluid analyses, electrodiagnostic studies, and nerve biopsy were performed. Clinical examination revealed moderate cognitive deficits on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale, bilateral facial weakness and weakness of bilateral shoulder girdle and intrinsic hand muscles. Cerebrospinal fluid analyses revealed elevated protein and an elevated immunoglobulin G synthesis rate, suggesting an immune-mediated process. Further laboratory work up was non-diagnostic. Electrodiagnostic studies demonstrated chronic asymmetric axonal mononeuropathies with ongoing denervation. A superficial radial nerve biopsy showed a chronic vasculitic neuropathy. Glucocorticosteroid treatment, symptomatic pharmacologic and supportive non-pharmacologic therapies resulted in improved clinical outcomes despite challenges with glycemic control.

Conclusions

This case report emphasizes the importance of a thorough evaluation of atypical or uncommon neuromuscular presentations in diabetic patients without etiological presumptions. This is necessary in order to promptly establish a diagnosis, initiate appropriate therapies and prevent irreversible nerve injury.
Hematologic and plasma biochemical reference values of the yellow pond turtle Mauremys mutica and the effects of sex and season
Authors: Yu Pin-Huan , Yang Pu-Yu , Chiu Yun-Shan , Chi Chau-Hwa
Published: October 2013

Background

The International Union for Conservation of Nature considers the yellow pond turtleMauremys muticato be an endangered species. Hematologic analyses are useful tools for monitoring the health, disease processes, and physiologic status of reptiles by clinicians and conservationists. The objectives of this study were to measure plasma biochemical values in healthy captive yellow pond turtles, determine reference values, and evaluate the effects of sex and season on the results. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of 53 adult captive individuals (18 males and 35 females) in four different months that represented summer, winter, fall, and spring in Taiwan. Plasma biochemical assays were performed using an automatic analyzer. Descriptive statistics and distributions of each data variable were analyzed using SAS software.

Results

Hematological and plasma biochemical reference values of the yellow pond turtle were determined in this study. There were no significant sex differences in hematological values; however, there were seasonal differences, and interactions between sex and season were observed. In females, lactate dehydrogenase, uric acid, calcium, cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher than in males. There were seasonal differences but no sex and season interactions in serum biochemical values.

Conclusions

This information can serve as baseline reference data for future health assessment studies of free-ranging and captiveM. mutica, and for epidemiologic, conservation, and captive-breeding studies.
Structured sedation programs in the emergency department, hospital and other acute settings: protocol for systematic review of effects and events
Authors: McCoy Siobhán , Wakai Abel , Blackburn Carol , Barrett Michael , Murphy Adrian , Brenner Maria , Larkin Philip , Crispino-O’Connell Gloria , Ratnapalan Savithiri , O’Sullivan Ronan
Published: October 2013

Background

The use of procedural sedation outside the operating theatre has increased in hospital settings and has gained popularity among non-anesthesiologists. Sedative agents used for procedural pain, although effective, also pose significant risks to the patient if used incorrectly. There is currently no universally accepted program of education for practitioners using or introducing procedural sedation into their practice. There is emerging literature identifying structured procedural sedation programs (PSPs) as a method of ensuring a standardized level of competency among staff and reducing risks to the patient. We hypothesize that programs of education for healthcare professionals using procedural sedation outside the operating theatre are beneficial in improving patient care, safety, practitioner competence and reducing adverse event rates.

Methods/Design

Electronic databases will be systematically searched for studies (randomized and non-randomized) examining the effectiveness of structured PSPs from 1966 to present. Database searches will be supplemented by contact with experts, reference and citation checking, and a grey literature search. No language restriction will be imposed. Screening of titles and abstracts, and data extraction will be performed by two independent reviewers. All disagreements will be resolved by discussion with an independent third party. Data analysis will be completed adhering to procedures outlined in theCochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions. If the data allows, a meta-analysis will be performed.

Discussion

This review will cohere evidence on the effectiveness of structured PSPs on sedation events and patient outcomes within the hospital and other acute care settings. In addition, it will examine key components identified within a PSP associated with patient safety and improved patient outcomes.

Systematic review registration

PROSPERO registration number:CRD42013003851
Mutational pressure dictates synonymous codon usage in freshwater unicellular α - cyanobacterial descendant Paulinella chromatophora and β - cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC6301
Authors: Nair Rahul Raveendran , Nandhini Manivasagam Bharatha , Sethuraman Thilaga , Doss Ganesh
Published: October 2013

Background

Comparative study of synonymous codon usage variations and factors influencing its diversification in α - cyanobacterial descendant Paulinella chromatophora and β - cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC6301 has not been reported so far. In the present study, we investigated various factors associated with synonymous codon usage in the genomes of P. chromatophora and S. elongatus PCC6301 and findings were discussed.

Results

Mutational pressure was identified as the major force behind codon usage variation in both genomes. However, correspondence analysis revealed that intensity of mutational pressure was higher in S. elongatus than in P. chromatophora. Living habitats were also found to determine synonymous codon usage variations across the genomes of P. chromatophora and S. elongatus.

Conclusions

Whole genome sequencing of α-cyanobacteria in the cyanobium clade would certainly facilitate the understanding of synonymous codon usage patterns and factors contributing its diversification in presumed ancestors of photosynthetic endosymbionts of P. chromatophora.
Combination technology of ceramic microfiltration and biosorbent for treatment and reuse of tannery effluent from different streams: response of defence system in Euphorbia sp.
Authors: Bhattacharya Priyankari , Ghosh Sourja , Mukhopadhyay Aniruddha
Published: October 2013

Background

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficiency of combined technology involving ceramic microfiltration and biosorbent for the treatment of tannery effluent from different streams, viz. composite effluent, effluent from primary clarifier and secondary clarifier. The membranes were prepared from a cost-effective composition of alumina and clay.

Results

The effluents had high organic loading of 12,895, 3,890 and 410 mg/L, respectively, in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD). Apart from these, the effluents consisted of toxic heavy metals, turbidity, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), etc. It was observed that COD reduction was about 96.5% for effluent 1, 96.6% for effluent 2 and 96.9% for effluent 3. Considerable reduction in suspended solids, total nitrogen, and total organic carbon was obtained. Turbidity for all three types of effluent was below 1 NTU. The average flux value for effluents 1, 2 and 3 was about 13, 19 and 24 L/m2/h (LMH), respectively. Response of the antioxidative defences ofEuphorbia hirtawas observed which resulted in considerable decrease in the activity of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase.

Conclusions

The treatment resulted in the reduction of toxicity thereby restoring normal activity when compared to control values. Changes in various biochemical parameters like protein, amino acid, carbohydrate, DNA, RNA and chlorophyll content were observed.
Foreign national mentally disordered offenders' care pathways through UK secure services
Authors: Spencer Sarah-Jane , Gilluley Paul , Hillier Bradley
Published: October 2013

Over recent years UK immigration legislation and procedures have changed significantly. Although these developments affect many foreign national mentally disordered offenders, the professionals caring for them are often unaware of the implications of these changes and the possible alternative care pathways. In this article we explore the amendments and the options available for this patient group, and highlight the ethical difficulties that professionals can face.
Análise do índice BODE em pacientes com DPOC severa submetidos a um programa de reabilitação pulmonar
Authors: Da Silva Juliana Roberto Gomes , De Vasconcelos Thiago Brasileiro , Macena Raimunda Hermelinda Maia , Bastos Vasco Pinheiro Diógenes , Morano Maria Tereza Aguiar Pessoa , Rocha Emília Maria Matos , Farias Maria do Socorro Quintino
Published: October 2013

Introdução: A doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica (DPOC) é classificada atualmente como importante causa de morbidade e mortalidade no mundo e está associada a importantes manifestações sistêmicas. O body mass index airway obstruction, dyspnea and exercise capacity (BODE) é um índice prognóstico de mortalidade mais utilizado atualmente, pois avalia as manifestações respiratórias e sistêmicas da DPOC. Objetivo: Analisar, através do índice de BODE, os pacientes com DPOC severa participantes de um Programa de Reabilitação Pulmonar. Metodologia: Estudo documental, retrospectivo e quantitativo. Analisou-se o índice BODE e suas relações com outras variáveis fisiológicas. A amostra foi composta por 29 prontuários do Programa de Reabilitação Pulmonar, e investigaram-se os seguintes registros: idade, sexo, índice de massa corporal, VEF1, índice de dispneia modificada, Teste de caminhada de seis minutos, SF-36 e do índice BODE. Resultados: Dos pacientes analisados, 48,3% (n = 14) eram do sexo feminino e 51,7% (n = 15) masculino; idade 66 ± 8,8 anos; IMC 25,1 ± 4,4 kg/m². Verificaram-se as seguintes diferenças VEF1 0,98 ± 0,4 e 0,95 ± 0,3 (p = 0,26); MRC 2,40 ± 1,0 e 1,76 ± 0,6 (p = 0,005); BODE 4,0 ± 1,7 e 3,29 ± 1,1 (p = 0,009); TC 6min 404,58 ± 110,4 e 439,96 ± 97,3 (p = 0,02) antes e após o Programa de Reabilitação respectivamente. A correlação entre o índice BODE e o TC6’ foi r = -0,51 e do índice BODE e VEF1 foi r = -0,81. Conclusão: Pode-se inferir que o Programa de Reabilitação Pulmonar modificou, de forma significativa, o índice de BODE influenciando a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES BANKS IN UTILIZING THE POTENTIAL OF SECURITIES IN CONDITIONS OF ELIMINATING THE EFFECT OF GLOBAL FINANCIAL CRISIS
Authors: ABDULLAEV SAIDULLO
Published: October 2013

Article is dedicated to unleashing the potential of securities used by banks of CIS in the post-crisis period for the purposes of restructuring of capital, to strengthen its resource base and improve liquidity.
REFLECTING QUESTIONS ON THE REDUCING OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND ACCOUNT PAYABLE OF ENTERPRISES IN THE CONDITIONS OF ECONOMIC MODERNIZATION
Authors: TUYCHIYEV ALISHER J
Published: October 2013

In modernization condition reduction of debtor and creditor debts will give the chance to improve of their financial situation and promote financial stability. In this statement explored the essence of debtor and creditor debts, peculiarity of liabilities, and ways reduction of debtor and creditor debts. Giving offers in this statement use in practices will give to develop of accounting debtor and creditor debts in enterprises, improve their financial situation.
WAYS OF IMPROVING SOCIAL SUPPORT OF THE AGED POPULATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF SENILITY TENDENCY DEEPENING
Authors: ABDURAMANOV KHAMID KH
Published: October 2013

In the article the process of ageing of the population of Uzbekistan has been statistically researched and analyzed. The recommendations and proposals for improvement of the social protection system of the aged are also given.
Priority Guidelines Of The Service Sphere Development In Uzbekistan
Authors: Safarov Bakhtiyor
Published: October 2013

The present research article is devoted to study the priorities of service sphere development in Uzbekistan. The comparative analysis of service sphere development during 1996-2009 were presented, survey of disperse territories, analysis and generalization methods used to identify trends in services sphere. Disperse markets were grouped into markets with high, medium and low development level.  Retail trade is identified one of the most important components of service sphere in Uzbekistan. Retail turnover figures were predicted until 2013 used retrospective data for forecasting. Linear trend - trends of increase or decrease of index, visual analysis of time series dynamics(graphic presentation) were used to solve the studied problem. Main priorities and targets in service sphere in Uzbekistan and it’s role in economy were determined.
Organization Order Of Investigation And Evaluation Of The Inner System Control
Authors: Ilkhamov Shavkat
Published: October 2013

The existence of weaknesses in the internal control system should concern auditors because it provides an indication of risk that a material misstatement in the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected by the system of internal controls. Therefore, the knowledge of a problem in the internal controls should cause auditors to adjust their risk assessment and/or level of testing. If so, risk-adjusted audit pricing should yield higher audit fees for companies with problems ineffective disclosure controls.
Trends in Budget Capacity Building and Development
Authors: Ishina Irina
Published: October 2013

In the article is regarded the question concerning the mechanism of budgetary regulation of cumulative budgetary potential of regions. The economic maintenance of forms and methods of budgetary regulation, proceeding from specificity of construction of budgetary and tax system of theRussian Federationis opened.
Issues Of Labour Potential Growth And Effective Formation Of Employment Structure In Uzbekistan
Authors: Mirzakarimova Muyassar
Published: October 2013

This article studies how to bring the human labour potentials in compliance with the demand in labour market both qualitatively and quantitatively.  Since the early years of the Independence a great attention is being paid to a human factor in Uzbekistan. A human potential is determined by such indicators as population size, their physical and intellectual, spiritual wellness and educational level. Society is related with labour potential growth, demographic processes, degree of public economic activeness. Due to expanded human reproduction, the amount of work resource is increasing.  In the article the impact of demographic condition in Uzbekistan and training system of skilled personnel on labour market was analyzed.  Such research methods as systematic approach, economic analysis, quantity, comparative and structural analysis were broadly used throughout the article.
Strategies For Turkish Automotive By-Products Industry
Authors: Bütüner Hakan , Özcan Suzan Sarper
Published: October 2013

Automotive industry is comprised of the industry which produces vehicles, and the industry which, as dominated by Small and Medium Scale Enterprises, produces parts, modules, and systems of such vehicles according to the technical documentation. Having been established through technical and economic supports of the major manufacturers, and developed in the course of time, the by products industry is involved its activities as a significant potential for the domestic economy at present. In this article, general characteristics of Turkish automative by products industry, its weak aspects, aspects need to be improved, and dominant strategies that need to be considered for the improvement are discussed.
The New Legal Regime On Minority Shareholder Protection In Albania
Authors: Rustemaj Jonida
Published: October 2013

This article aims at introducing the main changes brought by  the new Albanian Company Law on  minority shareholders’ protection. Due to the harmonization of our legislation with the acqui, new pieces of laws were introduced in commercial law. In 2008 the new law “On entrepreneurs and commercial companies” was enacted. The latter introduced new practices and concepts, some of them not  familiar  to  the Albanian  legal  system. I  was motivated  to   write  a  paper on   minority   shareholders protection  in  order to  emphasize  the new regime  and instruments of protection granted by the new laws. A matter which concerns investors and especially foreign ones is the protection of minority  shareholders. This paper discusses the instruments  of  protection  of  minority   shareholders bringing the novelties of the newly introduced laws because of  the unclear regime under the repealed law using the analytical and comparative method. Few rights which  were known by the former Albanian company law were usually compromised, but  under the law in  force, minorities are much more protected. Does the new law strengthen the position of such category of   shareholders?   What  are   the   rights   of   minority shareholders  conferred  by  the  law?  These  and other questions will be addressed herein.
AREAS OF PRIORITY DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES IN THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY
Authors: Prigulnyy Andrey
Published: October 2013

Russia's economic development over the past two decades has low rates. This situation is due to technological many systems, which complicates the timely reallocation of resources for the development of new techniques and technologies. Technological backwardness of Russian production entailed finding ways to update the scientific and technical potential, active transition to an innovative economy, methods of redistribution of resources to the development of new techniques and technologies. In the article the practice of implementing different directions out of the situation of scientific and technical gaps and create an innovative economy. As one of the most effective ways of saving the author considered scientific-industrial complex in the nuclear and aviation industries. The problem is to create a macroeconomic environment for the development of new technology industries, a further expansion that would generate intellectual rent worldwide. To resolve this issue on a priority basis to overcome a decline in innovation potential through the sharp increase investment in science and education.
New Technology In The Surgery Of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Khudoyorov S , Navruzov S , Juraev M , Eshonov A
Published: October 2013

Objective: To prevent the possible functional complications after gastrectomy, to improve the quality of life and the process of early rehabilitation.Material and Methods: The study included 165 patients with gastric cancer of stage III (T3N1-2M0), which, depending on the method of recovery divided into 2 groups: Group 1 - n = 80 patients who, after an extensive gastrectomy had reservoir formed, II group - n = 85 patients who had gastrectomy performed without forming a reservoir.Results: There were no incidence of reflux esophagitis and dumping syndrome observed in the main group, while in the control group, these complications were respectively 61.2% and 25.8%. Weight gain in the main group was observed in 83.7% of patients, in the control group in 4.7%. Assessment of physical activity on the Karnovsky scale in the study group was 85.0%, while 62.0% in the control group.Within 3 months, physical rehabilitation was observed in 90.0% of patients of the main group, while in the control group it was 25.7%.Three-year survival rate in the main group was 71.4+0.4%, while in the control group, 57.2+0.3% (P> 0.05).Conclusions: Creation of a stomach replacing reservoir after gastrectomy is adequate way in ridding patients from possible complications.Method improves the quality of life, the process of early recovery and significantly increases the indices of 3-year survival.
Preliminary Study Results Of Multiple Drug Resistance In Patients With Advanced Types Of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Navruzov S , Abdujapparov S , Pulatov D , Islamov H , Matniyazova Sh , Akbarov E
Published: October 2013

In the department of coloproctology of NORC MH RUz 17 patients with disseminated forms of colorectal cancer was made the study of oncogenes and complex treatment by 2 protocols using FOLFOX-4 regime and FOLFIRI regime. In second protocol there used 2 sessions of endolymphatical polychemotherapy FOLFOX-4 regime against EHF-hyperthermia. All patients were performed additional investigations directed to study the presence of multiple drug resistance in them where definition of р53, bcl-2 oncogene expression. In our observations we followed resistance to FOLFOX-4 scheme in 4 patients, and to FOLFIRI scheme in 2 cases. In our studies hyperexpression of oncoproteine  р53 was correlated with the effect of conducted therapy whereas hyperexpression of oncoproteine bcl-2 showed therapy resistance.
Comprehensive Treatment For Brain Meningiomas And Their Recurrences Using Proton Therapy
Authors: Alimov Jamshidjon , Alimov Rustamjon
Published: October 2013

This article presents results of using proton therapy after operation of patient with brain meningioma. After operation brain meningiomas is known to not rarely recur due to certain localization and growth of tumor into main cerebral vessels, nerves and other main brain structures. This creates certain difficulties in operative access and surgical intervention, i.e. tumor resection. Proton therapy sharply reduces complications and improves the quality of life of patients.
Endogenous Intoxication In Inflammatory Diseases Of Paranasal Sinuses In Patients With Hemoblastosis
Authors: Bakieva Shakhlo
Published: October 2013

According to our study, diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses were found in 59.4% of patients with acute and chronic leukemias. In chronic leukemia purulent-inflammatory diseases had abortive clinical manifestation. In acute leukemia, especially during the induction of remission, purulent-inflammatory diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses were associated with significant signs of purulent process. Inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses are manifested by pronounced shift of hematological indices of intoxication that indicates increase of autointoxication, disturbance of adaptation mechanisms and transition of adaptive-compensatory immunological reactions in damaging ones.
Effect Of Drd2/Ankk1 Taqia Allelic Polymorphism On The Risk And Prognosis Of Cervical Precancer And Cancer
Authors: Cseh József , Orsós Zsuzsa , Pázsit Emese , Marek Erika , Huszár András , Ember István , Kiss István
Published: October 2013

Objectives: The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of dopamine receptor D2 / ankyrin repeat and protein kinase domain containing 1 (DRD2/ANKK1) TaqIA allelic polymorphism in the HPV-induced cervical carcinogenesis.Methods: 1. Effect on the risk of cervical precancer: After an 8-year follow-up, out of 214 women with persisting high-risk HPV infection, 102 developed high-grade cervical dysplasia or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade III, while 112 did not. The subjects were genotyped for the DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA polymorphism by PCR-RFLP, and the allelic distributions were compared between groups with and without high-grade dysplasia. 2. Prognostic value: Two hundred and thirty nine women with cervical precancer/cancer were followed for 5 years. Complete remission was achieved at 182 women. To assess the prognostic value of the TaqIA polymorphism, genotype frequencies were compared between patients reaching and not reaching complete remission.Results: The frequency of A1/A1+A1/A2 genotypes was higher among women who developed high-grade cervical dysplasia (OR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.05-3.33; p=0.034) than in the other group. Occurrence of the A1 allele was more frequent among women who did not reach complete remission (OR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.07-3.74; p=0.030) than in women with complete remission.Conclusions: This is the first report on the possible involvement of DRD2/ANKK1 TaqIA polymorphism in cervical carcinogenesis. The A1 allele seems to increase the risk of cervical precancer, and it may also be associated with a worse prognosis in women with HPV-induced cervical cancer. The results need further validation in large-scale molecular epidemiological studies.
How The Educational Climate Can Influence The Psychometric Parameters Of Preschool Children?
Authors: Saliaj Aurela , Kola Ermira , Lazaj Lorena , Rakipaj Majlinda , Çorraj Emiljana
Published: October 2013

Background:There are several environmental factors which influence the preschoolers’ psychomotor development and the most considerable ones are socio-economic status and day care’s learning&care environment.Aim of this study is to assess how the change of socio-economic gradient and the quality of care environment influence the average and the differences in psychometric domains of ASQ-3 in preschoolers.Method:We assessed the psychometric parameters of all preschoolers enrolled in some of day cares in Vlora city, Albania using the ASQ-3. We also assessed the quality of care environment according to ECERS-R and the socio-economic statusupon the father’s occupation.Results:In the end of this research we found that not only a considerable percentage of preschoolers included in this study have psychomotor delays, but also that these delays and the average of psychomotor development have a significant relationship with the environment factors, as socio-economic status and care environment.Conclusions: Children development depends more on instructing capacities of kindergartens’ staff than mothers. So the public health workers should work more with mothers in this direction, focusing in the lowest socioeconomic classes.
Peculiarities Of Hepatobiliary System Functioning Depending On The Severity Of Preeclampsia
Authors: Simrok Vasily Vasilievich , Koryavaya Tatyana Fyodorovna
Published: October 2013

The article presents results of peculiarities of the hepatobiliary system in pregnant women with preeclampsia. It is set in the pregnant with preeclampsia of mild severity the frequency and combination of two and more complaints was reliably lower comparing to the frequency and combination of complaints in the pregnant with preeclampsia of mean severity. It must be mentioned that the received laboratory data positively correlated with the clinical manifestations of hepatobiliary dysfunction and the level of severity of preeclampsia that makes the further scientific researches necessary in future. Among the ultrasound signs of the dysfunction of the hepatobiliary system the following were detected: hepatomegaly, diffuse changes in the liver, increasing the density of the gallbladder against the decrease in contractility of the formation of sludge.
Analysis Of Social Adaptation And Friend Relationships Among Adolescents Living In Orphanage And Adolescents Living With Their Family
Authors: Bıçakç Müdriye Yıldız
Published: October 2013

In this study, it is intended to investigate social adaptation and friend relationships of adolescents living in orphanageand the ones living with their family; to determine if there isa relationship between their social adaptation and theirrelationships with friends and accordingly to offersuggestions for supporting adolescents’ social adaptationand relationships with their friends in a positive way. Theresearch has been conducted with136 adolescents whovoluntarily involved in the study including 68 adolescentsliving in orphanage and 68 adolescents living with their family between the ages 13-17. In order to evaluate the social adaptation of adolescents, Hacettepe PersonalityInventory-Social Adaptation Subscale developed byÖzgüven (1992) has been used. For analyzing adolescents’relationships with their friends Friend Relationship Scaledeveloped by Kaner (2000) has been used. These scaleshave been tested in terms of validity and reliability. Theresearch concludes that living in orphanage causessignificant differences in adolescents’ both social adaptationand friend relationships and there is a positive correlationbetween social adaptation and friend relationship (p<.05).
Methodological features of modern institutional economics
Authors: Kovalenko Boris
Published: October 2013

This paper reviews stages in evolution of economics and premises for institutional economics as a new trend indevelopment of social sciences during scientific-technicalrevolution. Strengths and weaknesses of “mainstream” neoclassical theory are adequately treated. Moderninstitutionalism is not opposed to neoclassical economics,but is considered as its natural extension, an independentresearch program that undergoes development.
Process Of Teaching Reading In Middle And High Schools – An Approach Of Programs That Work
Authors: Mërkuri Zamira
Published: October 2013

The ability to read, write, speak, listen, and think effectively - enables adolescents to learn and to communicate clearly in and out of school.Adolescents need to have strong reading skills so that they can understand academiccontent, communicate in a credible way, participate in cultural communities,and negotiate the world. The standards movement asserts that all students shouldunderstand content at deeper, more complex levels than have been advocatedpreviously. A variety of teaching andlearning strategies have been shown to be effective in assisting adolescent learnersto develop their capacity as readers. Nevertheless, according to thispaper, there is an “ever-deepening crisis in adolescent reading.” (Department of Education, “EqremÇabej” University of Gjirokastra 2004). The paper considershow effective content-based reading instruction can be brought to life in theclassroom in ways that will make a positive difference for learners.
Methodological Features Of Life-Long Professional Development Of Scientific And Pedagogical Personnel
Authors: Vozgovai Zinaida
Published: October 2013

The  lifelong  learning  theory  examines  professionaldevelopment of all those working in community learning anddevelopment, further education, higher education, and workbased learning.  The lifelong professional development canbe understood as a an organized purposeful process aimedat  the  raising  the  level  of  professional  skills  by  improving professional  competences  in  compliance  with  the  new social­and­economical,  technological  and/  or  international requirements and standards. However, not much research currently  exists  on  the  process  of  lifelong  professional development  of  scientific­and­pedagogical  personnel.The goal of this study was to examine methodological bases of life­long  professional  development  model  of  scientific­and­ pedagogical  personnel  on  the  general  scientific,  specific scientific  and  methodological­and­technological  levels.                                            Research  indicates  that  integration  of  the  andragogicalapproach,  the  competence­based  approach  and  themodular  approach  into  pedagogical  conceptual  model  ineducational  practice  of  Chelyabinsk  State  PedagogicalUniversity  provided  a  significantly  positive  development  oflifelong  advanced  training.    These  results  provide  generalsupport for lifelong professional development hypothesis
How Can Volunteering Improve The Individual And Social Life Of The Elderly
Authors: Pavelek Lukas
Published: October 2013

The paper presents several outcomes from a qualitative research study on the topic of senior volunteering. The author presents selected findings and conclusions from qualitative data, which was collected from coordinators working with volunteers in various non-profit organizations across Slovak republic and from senior volunteers themselves. Grounded theory according to Strauss and Corbin was the main research design. Semi-standardized interviews were realized and complemented with various other textual data sources. The findings support the thesis that volunteering in a higher age can significantly improve the individual life of seniors, although many barriers and obstacles were identified too. The paper focuses on effects of senior volunteering, motivation, barriers and other interesting facts.
Debasing the voice: Subversive vocality in Harmony Korine’s Trash Humpers
Authors: Inouye Shaun
Published: October 2013

Harmony Korine, one-time enfant terrible of the American cinema, returns to infamy with the uncategorizable Trash Humpers (2009), a ‘found footage’-style, faux home-movie that documents the abhorrent acts of four sociopathic ‘elders’ in the nondescript suburbs of the American South. It is a film that has garnered attention due to its goading amateur aesthetic (the film is shot on VHS and purportedly edited on two VCRs), non-narrative approach and pro-filmic oddities, including the titular characters literally humping trash while donning lifelike geriatric masks. However, despite its arresting and oft-perplexing visual content, it is the film’s unusual treatment of the soundtrack – or more specifically, the voice – that intimates meaning beyond mere provocation. Drawing on Michel Chion’s theories of vocal disembodiment in the cinema, as well as Korine’s continued remarks on the film’s childhood origins, this article proposes that by intentionally decoupling the voice from the body and divesting it of its linguistic capabilities, Trash Humpers presents a version of vocality regressed to a pre-lingual state, before its ideological subjugation to the body through language. This, in turn, informs the childlike rendering of the trash humpers, who seem to revel in libidinal fixations of the past. By utilizing the voice as a non-verbal, autonomous entity, Trash Humpers demonstrates the voice’s capacity to incite meaning outside the image, and furthers Korine’s stature as a boundary pushing film-maker.
Abbas Kiarostami: A cinema of silence
Authors: Tabarraee Babak
Published: October 2013

Abbas Kiarostami’s cinema has been described as a cinema of ‘evidence’ (Nancy), ‘delay and uncertainty’ (Mulvey), ‘ellipsis and omission’ (Saeed-Vafa and Rosenbaum) and “displaced allegories’ (Mottahedeh). This article suggests that by applying a new and interdisciplinary interpretation of ‘silence’ as an umbrella term, the variety of these readings will converge into a cohesive system and result in a better understanding and appreciation of the oeuvre of this Iranian auteur. The focus of this article is mainly on the auditory configurations of silence and their performative functions and possible ideological implications. One of the conclusions of this research is that in these present absences we not only ‘hear things because we cannot see everything’ (Žižek), but we are provided with a forced freedom to find and perceive experiences through silences that otherwise would be hardly imaginable. Also, in addition to the role of the audio-viewer/interpreter, silence will be regarded as the main vehicle of representing a poetic and philosophical Weltanschauung that seeks ‘to be without being’ and ‘present without showing’. This is a cinema of silence, indeed, in which silence acts as a space for (re)birth of philosophical questions (Chion, Nancy), aesthetic emphases, and ‘witnessing and passing’ as an inevitable option.
Review
Authors: Burns Lori
Published: October 2013

Music Video and the Politics of Representation, Diane Railton and Paul Watson (2011) Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh Press, 176 pages, ISBN 978-0-7486-3323-4 (U.S. $35 paperback)