bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic predictive scores for cardiac surgery-associated agitated delirium: a single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Tian Yu , Ji Bingyang , Diao Xiaolin , Wang Chunrong , Wang Weiwei , Gao Yuchen , Wang Sudena , Zhou Chun , Zhang Qiaoni , Gao Sizhe , Xu Xinyi , Liu Jia , Wang Jianhui , Wang Yuefu
Published: July 2023

Background

Prevention, screening, and early treatment are the aims of postoperative delirium management. The scoring system is an objective and effective tool to stratify potential delirium risk for patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods

Patients who underwent cardiac surgery between January 1, 2012, and January 1, 2019, were enrolled in our retrospective study. The patients were divided into a derivation cohort (n = 45,744) and a validation cohort (n = 11,436). The AD predictive systems were formulated using multivariate logistic regression analysis at three time points: preoperation, ICU admittance, and 24 h after ICU admittance.

Results

The prevalence of AD after cardiac surgery in the whole cohort was 3.6% (2,085/57,180). The dynamic scoring system included preoperative LVEF ≤ 45%, serum creatinine > 100 µmol/L, emergency surgery, coronary artery disease, hemorrhage volume > 600 mL, intraoperative platelet or plasma use, and postoperative LVEF ≤ 45%. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values for AD prediction were 0.68 (preoperative), 0.74 (on the day of ICU admission), and 0.75 (postoperative). The Hosmer‒Lemeshow test indicated that the calibration of the preoperative prediction model was poor (P = 0.01), whereas that of the pre- and intraoperative prediction model (P = 0.49) and the pre, intra- and postoperative prediction model (P = 0.35) was good.

Conclusions

Using perioperative data, we developed a dynamic scoring system for predicting the risk of AD following cardiac surgery. The dynamic scoring system may improve the early recognition of and the interventions for AD.
TRIM32 reduced the recruitment of innate immune cells and the killing capacity of Listeria monocytogenes by inhibiting secretion of chemokines
Authors: OuYang Xuan , Liu Peng , Zheng Yuling , Jiang Hua , Lv Qingyu , Huang Wenhua , Hao Huaijie , Pian Yaya , Kong Decong , Jiang Yongqiang
Published: July 2023

Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a facultative, intracellular Gram-positive pathogenic bacterium that causes sepsis, a condition characterized by persistent excessive inflammation and organ dysfunction. However, the pathogenesis of Lm-induced sepsis is unknown. In this research, we discovered that TRIM32 is required for innate immune regulation during Lm infection. Trim32 deficiency remarkably reduced bacteremia and proinflammatory cytokine secretion in mice with severe Lm infection, preventing sepsis. Trim32−/− mice had a lower bacterial burden after Lm infection and survived significantly longer than wild-type (WT) mice, as well as lower serum levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-18, IL-12p70, IFN-β, and IFN-γ at 1 day post infection (dpi) compared to WT mice. On the other hand, the chemokines CXCL1, CCL2, CCL7, and CCL5 were enhanced at 3 dpi in Trim32−/− mice than WT mice, reflecting increased recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages. Furthermore, Trim32−/− mice had higher levels of macrophage-associated iNOS to kill Lm. Collectively, our findings suggest that TRIM32 reduces innate immune cells recruitment and Lm killing capabilities via iNOS production.

Graphical Abstract
Effect of harness design for tag attachment on the flight performance of five soaring species
Authors: Longarini Arianna , Duriez Olivier , Shepard Emily , Safi Kamran , Wikelski Martin , Scacco Martina
Published: July 2023

Background

Bio-logging devices play a fundamental and indispensable role in movement ecology studies, particularly in the wild. However, researchers are aware of the influence that attaching devices can have on animals, particularly on their behaviour, energy expenditure and survival. The way a device is attached to an animal’s body has also potential consequences for the collected data, and quantifying the type and magnitude of such potential effects is fundamental to enable researchers to combine and compare data from different studies, as much as it is to improve animal welfare. For over two decades, large terrestrial birds have been in the focus of long-term movement ecology research, employing bio-logging devices attached with different types of harnesses. However, comparative studies investigating the effects of different harness types used on these species are scarce.

Methods

In this study, we tested for potential differences in data collected by two commonly used harness types, backpack and leg-loop, on the flight performance of 10 individuals from five soaring raptor species, equipped with high resolution bio-logging devices, in the same area and time. We explored the effect of harness type on vertical speed, airspeed, glide ratio, height above sea level, distance travelled, proportion of soaring and flapping behaviour, and VeDBA (a proxy for energy expenditure) between and within individuals, all used as fine-scale measures of flight performance.

Results

Birds equipped with leg-loops climbed up to 0.36 ms$$^{-1}$$-1faster, reached 25.9% greater altitudes while soaring and spent less time in active flight compared to birds equipped with backpacks, suggesting that backpack harnesses, compared to leg-loops, might cause additional drag affecting the birds’ flight performance. A lower VeDBA, a lower rate of sinking while gliding and slightly higher glide ratio and airspeeds were also indicative of less drag using leg-loops, even though the effect on these parameters was comparable to inter-individual differences.

Conclusions

Our results add to the existing literature highlighting the design-related advantages of leg-loops, and support the use of leg-loops as a better alternative to backpack harnesses for large soaring birds, when possible. Our study also highlights how apparently small changes in device attachment can lead to notable improvements in tagging practice, with implications for animal welfare, data interpretation and comparability.
Phase II Trial of Olaparib in Patients With Metastatic Urothelial Cancer Harboring DNA Damage Response Gene Alterations
Authors: Doroshow Deborah B. , O'Donnell Peter H. , Hoffman-Censits Jean H. , Gupta Sumati V. , Vaishampayan Ulka , Heath Elisabeth I. , Garcia Philip , Zhao Qianqian , Yu Menggang , Milowsky Matthew I. , Galsky Matthew D.
Published: July 2023

PURPOSE

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have demonstrated clinical benefit for patients with solid tumors bearing germline or somatic alterations in DNA damage response (DDR) genes. Somatic alterations in DDR genes are common in advanced urothelial cancer, raising the possibility that PARP inhibition may confer therapeutic benefit in a molecularly selected subgroup of patients with metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC).

METHODS

This single-arm, open-label, multi-institutional, investigator-initiated phase II study evaluated the antitumor activity of olaparib 300 mg twice a day in participants with mUC harboring somatic DDR alterations. Patients had progressed despite previous platinum-based chemotherapy, or were cisplatin-ineligible, and harbored somatic alterations in at least one of a prespecified list of DDR genes. The primary end point was objective response rate; secondary end points were safety, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

RESULTS

Overall, 19 patients with mUC were enrolled and received olaparib; the trial closed early before slow accrual. The median age was 66 years (range, 45-82). Nine patients (47.4%) had received previous cisplatin chemotherapy. Ten patients (52.6%) had alterations in homologous recombination (HR) genes: eight patients (42.1%) had pathogenic BRCA2 mutations and two patients carried alterations in other HR genes. No patients achieved a partial response although six patients achieved stable disease lasting 2.13-16.1 months (median, 7.69). The median PFS was 1.9 months (range, 0.8-16.1), and the median OS was 9.5 months (range, 1.5-22.1).

CONCLUSION

Single-agent olaparib showed limited antitumor activity in patients with mUC and DDR alterations, which may be related to poorly characterized functional implications of particular DDR alterations and/or cross-resistance with platinum-based chemotherapy in a disease where such therapy represents standard first-line treatment.
Problems With Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Conditional Anesthesia Machine During Routine Imaging: A Near-Miss Case Report
Authors: Sun George , Min Kevin J.
Published: July 2023

Delivering safe anesthesia care in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner presents many unique challenges. We present a case report of how an MRI-conditional anesthesia machine malfunctioned after being pulled toward an MRI scanner during routine imaging, not previously reported in the literature. This near-miss event emphasizes the continued need for staff education and vigilance.
Teaching the Russian language in the Second Grade in Accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of the Primary General Education and the Federal Education Program
Authors: Kuznetsova M.
Published: July 2023

The article discusses the features of teaching the Russian language in the second grade, associated with the adopted Federal State Educational Standard for Primary General Education 2021 and the Federal Educational Program for Primary General Education 2022. Changes in subject content and subject results are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the content of the "Word Composition" section, in particular, to such substantive results of its development as the expansion of the vocabulary of younger students, the conscious assimilation and application of spelling rules by them. The main directions of work on the content line of the section "Development of speech" are revealed. The potential of Russian language lessons in achieving meta-subject results is substantiated, the connection between the development of subject content and the formation of functional literacy is shown.
Las personas mayores jubiladas y desplazadas en el territorio comunitario. Una revisión de mecanismos jurídicos articulados para salvar el abismo de la pobreza.
Authors: Salas Porras María
Published: July 2023

El estudio que de seguida se presenta tiene como objetivo fundamental realizar una relectura de las medidas de sostenimiento económico articuladas desde el ordenamiento jurídico español respecto de las personas mayores que han hecho uso del derecho a la libertad de circulación y establecimiento en el territorio comunitario. A través de esta foto fija es nuestra intención reflexionar acerca de su idoneidad cuando lo que se persigue es una vejez digna independientemente del país de origen del ciudadano solicitante.
¿Hacia dónde se dirigen los cuidados de larga duración?: Análisis al amparo del Convenio de la ONU.
Authors: Gil Blázquez Alberto
Published: July 2023

La Convención de Naciones Unidas para las personas con discapacidad ha supuesto la ruptura de la visión paternalista y asistencialista que ha marcado la implementación de los sistemas de atención destinados a las personas que precisan cuidados de larga duración. La importancia histórica de este documento se ha visto reflejada en las legislaciones nacionales e internacionales, haciendo hincapié en la autonomía personal en la toma de decisiones. Este cambio de paradigma derivado de la Convención entronca con la nueva filosofía de los cuidados, basados en conceptos más centrados en la persona y principios vinculados con la vida independiente y la toma de decisiones autónoma en detrimento de soluciones vinculadas al asistencialismo. En este documento conectará los principios aportados por la Convención con el nuevo marco de referencia de filosofía de los cuidados, analizando las características y novedades de este nuevo modelo y las repercusiones a nivel legislativo nacional y europeo.
Sequential Learning and Economic Benefits from Dynamic Term Structure Models
Authors: Dubiel-Teleszynski Tomasz , Kalogeropoulos Konstantinos , Karouzakis Nikolaos
Published: July 2023

We explore the statistical and economic importance of restrictions on the dynamics of risk compensation from the perspective of a real-time Bayesian learner who predicts bond excess returns using dynamic term structure models (DTSMs). The question on whether potential statistical predictability offered by such models can generate economically significant portfolio benefits out-of-sample is revisited while imposing restrictions on their risk premia parameters. To address this question, we propose a methodological framework that successfully handles sequential model search and parameter estimation over the restriction space in real time, allowing investors to revise their beliefs when new information arrives, thus informing their asset allocation and maximizing their expected utility. Empirical results reinforce the argument of sparsity in the market price of risk specification since we find strong evidence of out-of-sample predictability only for those models that allow for level risk to be priced and, additionally, only one or two of these risk premia parameters to be different than zero. Most importantly, such statistical evidence is turned into economically significant utility gains, across prediction horizons, different time periods and portfolio specifications. In addition to identifying successful DTSMs, the sequential version of the stochastic search variable selection scheme developed can be applied on its own and offer useful diagnostics monitoring key quantities over time. Connections with predictive regressions are also provided.

This paper was accepted by Kay Giesecke, finance.

Funding: T. Dubiel-Teleszynski acknowledges the support of the Economic and Social Research Council.

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4801 .
Future Projections of Precipitation and Temperature in Northeast, Thailand using Bias-Corrected Global Climate Models
Authors:   Department of Environment, Faculty of Environmental Culture and Ecotourism, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand, Tammadid Wittanan , Nantasom Ketmanee ,   Department of Environment, Faculty of Environmental Culture and Ecotourism, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand, Sirksiri Wichayaporn ,   Department of Environment, Faculty of Environmental Culture and Ecotourism, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand, Vanitchung Supika ,   Department of Environment, Faculty of Environmental Culture and Ecotourism, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand, Promjittiphong Chaiwatchara ,   Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand, Limsakul Atsamon ,   Environmental Research and Training Center, Department of Environmental Quality Promotion, Technopolis, Klong 5, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand, Hanpattanakit Phongthep ,   Department of Environment, Faculty of Environmental Culture and Ecotourism, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, 10110, Thailand
Published: July 2023

The increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) has resulted in global climate change, with the Northeast region of Thailand experiencing the highest rate of change. This poses signifi cant risks of drought and its impact on crop yield production. To better understand the potential consequences of climate change and devise suitable adaptation strategies, this study aims to project precipitation and temperature data for Northeast Thailand from 2015 to 2055, using bias-corrected global climate models under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5. The results showed that the annual precipitation and temperature increased from 2015 to 2055 under both RCPs. The annual average (minimum-maximum) of precipitation from the CanESM, GFDL, MIROC5, NorESM, and ensemble mean from four models under RCP4.5 were 1,238.83 (904.28-1,629.70), 1,227.82 (865.49- 1,721.31), 1,312.78 (876.60-1,616.38), 1,350.21 (985.55-1,625.00), and 1,282.41 (1,088.43-1,461.49) mm and RCP8.5 were 1,267.96 (864.24-1,712.86), 1,222.20 (863.79-1,835.43), 1,294.07 (843.04-1,752.41), 1,353.14 (1,059.50-1,827.23), and 1,284.34 (1,116.55-1,541.63) mm, respectively. While, those of temperature under RCP4.5 were 29.27 (28.15-30.35), 29.59 (27.98-31.20), 29.12 (27.65-30.70), 28.09 (26.96-29.14), and 29.02 (28.08-29.90) °C and RCP8.5 were 29.50 (28.12-31.40), 29.68 (28.23-31.50), 29.11 (27.51-30.26), 28.37 (27.11-29.88), and 29.17 (28.08-30.66) °C, respectively. These fi ndings suggest that the annual precipitation is lower under RCP4.5 compared to RCP8.5, while the temperature shows an increasing trend under both RCPs. Therefore, it is evident that climate change will manifest differently in Northeast Thailand, depending on local contexts and the measures implemented today. Understanding the impacts and risks of future climate change at a local scale and identifying adaptive solutions pose signifi cant challenges for the future.
Proximate Analysis of Vegetable and Fruit Waste Collected from the Kadi Vegetable Market, Gujarat
Authors: Gupta Pooja J. , Trivedi Minal J. , Soni Harsha P.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT: Vegetable and fruit waste are produced in huge quantities in the market. These wastes are also nutritionally very rich and, can be a viable option to be used as a substrate for the generation of value-added products. However, there is a need to characterize these wastes before using them as raw materials for the production of any value-added product. In this regard, the present study was taken up to determine the proximate analysis of vegetable and fruit waste. Proximate analysis is a way to determine the distribution of moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon when the samples are heated under specified conditions. The discarded vegetable and fruit waste was collected from Kadi municipal vegetable market. The proximate analysis was carried out for 23 waste samples viz, 20 samples were a wet waste of individual fruits and vegetables and 3 samples were of consolidated sundried vegetable and fruit waste. Presented Proximate analysis of vegetable and fruit waste includes the determination of moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon via standard test methods. The result revealed that for wet waste moisture content was in the range from 6.56 % to 77.57 %. Percentage of volatile matter was in the range from 8.06% to 86.46 %. Percentage Ash content was in the range from 1.32 % to 20.18 %.Percentage Fixed carbon was in the range from 1.76 % to 28.63 %. The moisture content in sundried consolidated waste was in the range from 5.83 % to 8.86 %. The percentage of the volatile matter was in the range from 62.06 % to 72.33 %. Percentage Ash content was in the range from 11.16 % to 12.83 %. Percentage Fixed carbon was in the range from 8.79 % to 16.27 %.
Zwischen Mündlichkeit und Schriftlichkeit: lettische Rufnamen in der Revision von 1638
Authors: Siliņa-Piņķe Renāte
Published: July 2023

In the course of several centuries, Latvian personal names were recorded only in foreign-language texts and their spelling was adapted to the languages of these sources – namely, it did not reflect Latvian pronunciation. Nevertheless, it is known that since the 13th century the increasingly widespread Christian personal names (just like lexical borrowings) were adapted to the Latvian language and pronunciation.

This article is looking at the Latvian personal names recorded in the substantial 1638 revision of manors in the so-called Swedish Livonia, and in the first German-Latvian dictionary published in the same year. On the basis of the limited material of personal names in the dictionary and on the usual patterns of loanword adaptation, we are trying to identify or reconstruct the Latvian personal names of the 17th century.

According to the rules, the auditors carrying out the revision had to swear in the peasants they were questioning to obtain information, thus the procedure certainly involved spoken communication. Meanwhile, the text of the revision is written in Early New High German, and the personal names are also „translated“. For instance, the name Šķērsts (< Middle Low German Kersten < Christian) in the revision appears as Skärst(h), Skerst(e) and Skierst (namely, transcriptions of the Latvianized version) as well as Kerste and Kersten (replaced by its German equivalent). In most cases, the names subjected to this treatment are the most widespread ones and those acquired via the German language. Meanwhile, some lesser-used names (probably borrowed from or via other languages) cannot be deciphered – e. g., Bhegke, Sunze or Tursche.
de Stoiber Edmund und Fischers Helene.
Authors: Schweden Theresa
Published: July 2023

In rural speech communities, where locals know each other, dialectal and unofficial names in which the surname precedes the first name (der Müller Peter, (s) Müllers Peter) are used to refer to absent referents. The occurrence of these forms is highly pragmatic and determined by the degree of familiarity of referent, speaker and hearer. Also, they are only used within the respective speech communities. It is all the more surprising to find these reference forms in internet forums, social media and online newspapers, where they refer to prominent figures. This study explores diatopic as well as diaphasic variation of the structure surname + first name in the German webcorpus DECOW16b, and shows that while, especially referring to Bavarian celebrities, it is used to express familiarity with the referents and to present them in private rather than professional contexts, it can also mark depreciation and a denial of professionality. The latter applies to politicians in particular, while sportspersons are generally depicted positively. The use of dialectal register on the internet can be interpreted as a form of enregisterment, transferring the most prominent pragmatic conditions for surname + first name in dialectal registers to new contexts. Since the respective forms are used by speakers of other registers, we also find sociolinguistic crossing.
Adolescent-onset Local Kyphosis with Anterior Column Hypoplasia and Subluxation of the Facet Joints of the Lumbar Spine: A Case Report
Authors: Takahashi Kohei , Hashimoto Ko , Onoki Takahiro , Handa Kyoichi , Kanno Haruo , Aizawa Toshimi
Published: July 2023

Introduction:Hypoplasia of the anterior portion of the vertebral body is a relatively rare subtype of juvenile vertebral deformity. The common manifestations of this type of deformity are scoliosis and kyphoscoliosis, while kyphosis without scoliosis is rare. Here, we present a very rare case of adolescent-onset local kyphosis with anterior column hypoplasia and subluxation of the facet joints of the lumbar spine, as demonstrated by dynamic lateral radiograms, which was successfully treated by spine-shortening osteotomy. Case Report:A 16-year-old male adolescent presented with low back pain with progressive protrusion of the lumbar spinous process 3 years before the first visit. The protrusion was not found in his back until the age of 13 years. His chief complaint was lower back pain and a protruding spinous process in the upper lumbar spine. The anteroposterior radiogram of the whole spine revealed no obvious scoliosis. The lateral radiogram showed hypoplasia of the anterior portion of the L2 vertebral body with local kyphosis at L1–3 of 23°. The global alignment was posteriorly shifted, with hypokyphosis of the thoracic spine and hyperlordosis of the lower lumbar spine. In the dynamic lateral radiograms, the facet joints at the L2–3 spinal level were subluxated in the flexed position. Computed tomography showed symmetrical hypoplasia of the anterior portion of the vertebral body of L2. Spine-shortening osteotomy at L2 and L1–3 posterior fusion was performed for local stabilization and correction of sagittal malalignment. The lateral radiogram at the 2-year post-operative follow-up demonstrated that the global alignment was normal, with local kyphosis at L1–3 of -2°. The improvement of hypokyphosis of the thoracic spine and hyperlordosis of the lower lumbar spine was achieved. Conclusions:Adolescent-onset local lumbar kyphosis with anterior column hypoplasia and segmental subluxation of the facet joints is very rare. Local correction by spine-shortening osteotomy with short fusion can also improve the global alignment. Keywords:Anterior column hypoplasia, congenital, developmental, kyphosis.
Characterization of the Polarization Fluctuations in Gain-Switched VCSELs for Quantum Random-Number Generation
Authors: Valle Angel , Quirce Ana , Valle-Miñón Marcos , Gutiérrez Jaime
Published: July 2023

We report a characterization of the polarization fluctuations observed when gain-switching vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) for quantum random number generation (QRNG) applications. We compare our experimental measurements with the results obtained from a stochastic rate equations model that incorporates the intrinsic parameters of the VCSEL found using the state-of-the-art experimental techniques. The good agreement obtained between our experiments and simulations can be used to establish a validation process that permits to monitor the device behaviour to detect malicious intrusion or malfunctioning of the QRNG. Simulations of the model are used to look for parameters that maximize the QRNG performance. Along this direction we consider the performance when considering a VCSEL with vanishing values of the amplitude and phase anisotropies. We show that in this system the obtained raw bits have a low bias value that is independent on the sampling time chosen to obtain the random bit and on the parameters of the modulation. We also use the simulations of the model to predict the QRNG performance at high modulation frequencies. We show that random bits obtained at several Gbps rates, after appropriate post-processing, fully pass the NIST statistical test.
Assessing the prevalence of Female Genital Schistosomiasis and comparing the acceptability and performance of health worker-collected and self-collected cervical-vaginal swabs using PCR testing among women in North-Western Tanzania: The ShWAB study
Authors: Ursini Tamara , Scarso Salvatore , Mugassa Stella , Othman Jeffer Bhuko , Yussuph Amina Jumanne , Ndaboine Edgar , Mbwanji Gladys , Mazzi Cristina , Leonardi Martina , Prato Marco , Pomari Elena , Mazigo Humphrey Deogratias , Tamarozzi Francesca
Published: July 2023

Background

Female Genital Schistosomiasis (FGS) is a neglected disease of the genital tract due to the inflammatory response to the presence of Schistosoma haematobium eggs in the genital tract. The WHO has prioritized the improvement of diagnostics for FGS and previous studies have explored the PCR-based detection of Schistosoma DNA on genital specimens, with encouraging results. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of FGS among women living in an endemic district in North-western Tanzania, using PCR on samples collected though cervical-vaginal swabs, and to compare the performance of self-collected and healthcare worker–collected (operator-collected) samples, and the acceptability of the different sampling methods.

Methods/Principal findings

A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 211 women living in 2 villages in the Maswa district of North-western Tanzania. Urine, self-collected and operator-collected cervical-vaginal swabs were obtained from participants. A questionnaire was administered, focusing on the comfortability in undergoing different diagnostic procedures. Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis, as assessed by eggs in urine, was 8.5% (95%CI 5.1–13.1). DNA was pre-isolated from genital swabs and transported at room temperature to Italy for molecular analysis. Prevalence of active schistosomiasis, urinary schistosomiasis, and FGS were 10.0% (95% CI 6.3–14.8), 8.5% (95%CI 5.1–13.1), and 4.7% (95%CI 2.3–8.5), respectively. When real-time PCR was performed after a pre-amplification step, the prevalence of active schistosomiasis increased to 10.4% (95%CI 6.7–15.4), and FGS to 5.2% (95%CI 2.6–9.1). Of note, more cases were detected by self-collected than operator-collected swabs.

The vast majority of participants (95.3%) declared that they were comfortable/very comfortable about genital self-sampling, which was indicated as the preferred sampling method by 40.3% of participants.

Conclusions/Significance

The results of this study show that genital self-sampling followed by pre-amplified PCR on room temperature-stored DNA is a useful method from both technical and acceptability point of views. This encourages further studies to optimize samples processing, and identify the best operational flow to allow integration of FGS screening into women health programmes, such as HPV screening.
Multi-center validation of Catquest-9SF visual function questionnaire in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Kabanovski Anna , Shah Bindra , D’Silva Chelsea , Ma Julia , Minotti Simona C. , Qian Jenny , Hatch Wendy , Reid Robert , Chaudhary Varun , El-Defrawy Sherif , Ahmed Iqbal Ike , Schlenker Matthew B.
Published: July 2023

Purpose

To investigate the psychometric performance and responsiveness of Catquest-9SF, a patient-reported questionnaire developed to evaluate visual function as related to daily tasks, in patients referred for cataract surgery in Ontario, Canada.

Methods

This is a pooled analysis on prospective data collected for previous projects. Subjects were recruited from three tertiary care centers in Peel region, Hamilton, and Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Catquest-9SF was administered pre-operative and post-operatively to patients with cataract. Psychometric properties, including category threshold order, infit/outfit, precision, unidimensionality, targeting, and differential item functioning were tested using Rasch analysis with Winsteps software (v.4.4.4) for Catquest-9SF. Responsiveness of questionnaire scores to cataract surgery was assessed.

Results

934 patients (mean age = 71.6, 492[52.7%] female) completed the pre- and post-operative Catquest-9SF questionnaire. Catquest-9SF had ordered response thresholds, adequate precision (person separation index = 2.01, person reliability = 0.80), and confirmed unidimensionality. The infit range was 0.75–1.29 and the outfit range was 0.74–1.51, with one item (‘satisfaction with vision’) misfitting (outfit value = 1.51). There was mistargeting of -1.07 in pre-operative scores and mistargeting of -2.43 in both pre- and post-operative scores, meaning that tasks were relatively easy for respondent ability. There was no adverse differential item functioning. There was a mean 1.47 logit improvement in Catquest-9SF scores after cataract surgery (p<0.001).

Conclusion

Catquest-9SF is a psychometrically robust questionnaire for assessment of visual function in patients with cataract in Ontario, Canada. It is also responsive to clinical improvement after cataract surgery.
Validation of the person-centered maternity care scale at governmental health facilities in Cambodia
Authors: Naito Yuko Takahashi , Fukuzawa Rieko , Ganchimeg Togoobaatar , Afulani Patience A. , Aiga Hirotsugu , Kim Rattana , Katsumata Asako Takekuma
Published: July 2023

Background

Women’s childbirth experience of interpersonal care is a significant aspect of quality of care. Due to the lack of a reliable Cambodian version of a measurement tool to assess person-centered maternity care, the present study aimed to adapt the “Person-Centered Maternity Care (PCMC) scale” to the Cambodian context and further determine its psychometric properties.

Methods

The PCMC scale was translated into Khmer using the team translation approach. The Khmer version of PCMC (Kh-PCMC) scale was pretested among 20 Cambodian postpartum women using cognitive interviewing. Subsequently, the Kh-PCMC scale was administered in a survey with 300 Cambodian postpartum women at two governmental health facilities. According to the COnsensus-based Standards for the Selection of health status Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) standard, we performed psychometric analysis, including content validity, construct validity, criterion validity, cross-cultural validity, and internal consistency.

Results

The preliminary processes of Kh-PCMC scale development including cognitive interviewing and expert review ensured appropriate levels of content validity and acceptable levels of cross-cultural validity of the Kh-PCMC scale with four-point frequency responses. The Scale-level Content Validity Index, Average (S-CVI/Avg) of 30-item Kh-PCMC scale was 0.96. Twenty items, however, performed optimally in the psychometric analysis from the data in Cambodia. The 20-item Kh-PCMC scale produced Cronbach’s alpha of 0.86 for the full scale and 0.76–0.91 for the subscales, indicating adequately high internal consistency. Hypothesis testing found positive correlations between the 20-item Kh-PCMC scale and reference measures, which implies acceptable criterion validity.

Conclusions

The present study produced the Kh-PCMC scale that enables women’s childbirth experiences to be quantitatively measured. The Kh-PCMC scale can identify intrapartum needs from women’s perspectives for quality improvement in Cambodia. However, dynamic changes in and diverse differences of cultural context over time across provinces in Cambodia require the Kh-PCMC scale to be regularly reexamined and, when needed, to be further adjusted.
USA vs Russia in the scientific arena
Authors: Abramo Giovanni , D’Angelo Ciriaco Andrea , Di Costa Flavia
Published: July 2023

This work contrasts the scientific standing of the USA and Russia in 146 scientific disciplines. We consider four dimensions of competitive positioning: the contribution to global scientific advancement, the researchers’ productivity, the scientific specialization indexes, and the efficiency in resource allocation across disciplines. Differently from previous literature, we use discipline-normalized output to input indicators, thus avoiding distortions due to different intensities of publication across disciplines. Results show that the USA outperforms Russia in contribution to world scholarly impact in all but four disciplines, and is more productive in all but two disciplines. The USA is less efficient in allocating resources to the disciplines where it performs better, probably due to its higher research diversification.
Storytelling an eco-Islamic future/past: Oral tradition(s), environmentalism and personal responsibility in the Omani public sphere
Authors: Curtis Maria F.
Published: July 2023

During the global COVID-19 pandemic, the Omani government relied heavily on circulating information and entertainment through multiple forms of social media to keep citizens informed and to promote social distancing. This study explores the 2021 Ramadan Instagram campaign created by Be’ah, the Oman Environmental Services Holding Company, which blended performance genres and Omani traditional storytelling. This case study examines ‘multiplex’ hybrid styles of verbal art that mirrored governmental policy and practice across social media and created a forum where citizens discussed identity, national heritage and what it means to be eco-conscious. A central question in this research concerns the possibilities for social media as a space to communicate, preserve and archive local linguistic diversity and vernacular performative genres.
El desarrollo emocional en el trastorno de déficit de atención e hiperactividad: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Terol Sánchez Lidia , Navarro Soria Ignasi , Collado Valero Joshua , Torrecillas-Martínez Manuel
Published: July 2023

Esta investigación consiste en una búsqueda sistemática de información relacionada con el Desarrollo Emocional de los alumnos con sintomatología del Trastorno de Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH), el cual está caracterizado por un patrón persistente de inatención y/o hiperactividad-impulsividad que dificulta el desarrollo y el funcionamiento normal de la persona. El método que se ha llevado a cabo para esta investigación está basado en la búsqueda sistemática en diferentes plataformas empleando diversas palabras clave hasta aproximarnos a la información más relevante en relación a nuestro objetivo principal. Se obtuvo un total de 26 artículos y los resultados de todos ellos se encuentran reflejados en la “Tabla 1”, en el que se especifican aspectos como las conclusiones de los estudios, herramientas de evaluación utilizadas y objetivo del estudio. La discusión que se ha establecido tras la investigación indica que los alumnos con TDAH tienden a tener un desarrollo emocional pobre, problemas de autoestima y autoconcepto, una personalidad más extrovertida e impulsiva y menor empatía. Las conclusiones sugieren que se encuentra muy poca información al respecto y sería conveniente estudiar más sobre el tema para extraer información con base verídica y poder compararla con otros estudios.
Conocimientos, concepciones erróneas y lagunas de los docentes españoles/italianos y estudiantes acerca del trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad
Authors: Martínez Boix Nuria , Collado Valero Joshua , Orts Roche Arancha , Redondo Navarro María , Fernández García Sergio , Torrecillas Martínez Manuel , Navarro Soria Ignasi
Published: July 2023

El presente estudio se ha ocupado de examinar los conocimientos (aciertos), concepciones erróneas (fallos) y lagunas (no sé) sobre el Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) en base a tres áreas de contenido específicas: información general, sintomatología y tratamiento. Para ello, se ha empleado el cuestionario del KADDS (Knowledge of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder), cumplimentado por un total de 58 maestros/as españoles y boloñeses y 53 estudiantes. Los resultados del KADDS respecto a los docentes muestran un porcentaje de aciertos del 47,3%, 39,2% en fallos y 13,2% en lagunas. En estudiantes el porcentaje es del 56,6%, 26,6% y 16,8% respectivamente. Se observan diferencias entre el profesorado español e italiano. Respecto al porcentaje de aciertos, los docentes españoles puntúan menos en las tres áreas respecto a los docentes italianos: información general (54,5% vs. 78,4%), sintomatología (63,2% vs. 77%) y tratamiento (50,1% vs. 72,7%). Además, se observa que los docentes con estudios específicos en educación especial puntúan mejor en las tres áreas. Debido a la alta prevalencia del TDAH y el posible desconocimiento para su diagnóstico, manejo y tratamiento, sería recomendable una mayor formación a los docentes.
La transición ecosocial en las cadenas generalistas de televisión en España: presencia y temáticas
Authors: Espinar Lara-María , López-Gómez Sara , Peralta-García Lidia
Published: July 2023

La transición ecosocial es la transformación de las sociedades hacia modos de vida armónicos con la naturaleza, especialmente en el contexto actual de crisis ecosistémica. Resultan fundamentales en este proceso las dinámicas y rutinas mediáticas relacionadas con la configuración de la agenda setting, avaladas por las teorías del framing y el priming, pudiendo los medios convertirse en un referente inspirador para la sociedad, o por el contrario actuar de parapeto, tal y como asumimos en este artículo. Esta investigación analiza la presencia de temáticas de transición ecosocial en las programaciones y los principales informativos de las cadenas generalistas de televisión con cobertura estatal en España: TVE1, La2, Antena3, Cuatro, Telecinco y LaSexta. El diseño metodológico se basa, por un lado, en el análisis cuantitativo de las parrillas de programación durante cuatro semanas. Por otro lado, se han analizado los informativos de las cadenas citadas, cuantificando aquellas noticias relacionadas con temáticas que puedan favorecer la transición ecosocial, ya sea por poner el enfoque en problemáticas ecosistémicas o por presentar alternativas de la economía circular, entre otros mecanismos. Los resultados muestran que solamente las cadenas públicas difunden programas de tipo ecológico, y en ningún caso esta programación supera el 2% del total de sus parrillas. En relación con la presencia en los informativos de cobertura nacional, no alcanza el 4% de sus contenidos. Esta ínfima incidencia indica que aún queda mucho por hacer. Investigación derivada de la aplicación de Irscom (Indicador de Rentabilidad Social en Comunicación, LabCOMandalucía, Universidad de Málaga) a cadenas de televisión.
Mímesis de acción y significado existencial en videojuegos a través de What Remains of Edith Finch
Authors: Encinas-Cantalapiedra Arturo , Reviejo-Martín Eva
Published: July 2023

En los ámbitos de la teoría de los mundos posibles y de los Game Studies hay un interés creciente por el significado existencial en las obras de ficción. Precisamente la mímesis de mundo que estudia la teoría de los mundos posibles poéticos puede ser útil para alcanzar este tipo de conocimiento. Con el objeto de comenzar a responder a este interrogante, el artículo ensaya una aproximación hermenéutica al juego What Remains of Edith Finch. Para ello, como novedad metodológica, se incorpora a la teoría de los mundos posibles el estudio de las estructuras dramáticas en el contexto ludonarrativo. Constatamos, en primer lugar, que el origen causal de la muerte de cada personaje se encuentra en su manera de afrontar el conflicto (valorada como yerro trágico) y no en la maldición en la que creen los Finch. Este hallazgo cambia la imagen de un mundo sometido por la fatalidad a uno que permite una mayor libertad de los personajes. El mundo circundante del personaje, de ordinario, está marcada desde el comienzo por los problemas familiares, suele tener personajes que presentan rasgos obsesivos y se desarrolla bajo el signo de la soledad. La naturaleza metafórica del videojuego sugiere una lectura analógica de estos datos. La auténtica referencia semántica de fondo estaría vinculada con el mal moral difícil de evadir, ese que en ocasiones pareciera una maldición de la que es imposible escapar, pero que, paradójicamente, es inseparable de las decisiones libres de la persona.
Educomunicación contra las fake news: una experiencia en sMOOC para el desarrollo de la alfabetización mediática crítica.
Authors: Feltrero Roberto , Hernando Saeta , Acosta-Sznajderman Leticia
Published: July 2023

El proyecto europeo YouVerify! tiene como objetivo desarrollar un programa de cursos y actividades para estimular la alfabetización mediática e informacional (AMI) entre estudiantes, profesionales de la información y profesores de todos los niveles educativos.  El diseño de recursos pedagógicos AMI requiere contextualizar el trabajo del estudiante en el mismo tipo de medios y tecnologías de comunicación social en los que hoy accede a la información, y que son parte de sus actividades educomunicativas. El modelo de diseño de cursos masivos en línea sociales, sMOOC, es como una herramienta educomunicativa capaz de implicar a los estudiantes e interesados en actividades colaborativas a través de medios y herramientas sociales. Con una metodología de análisis cuantitativo, a partir de los datos del cuestionario de satisfacción voluntario que aportaron los participantes que realizaron el sMOOC, se estudia el interés de los mismos en los mecanismos de desinformación y las herramientas para la verificación y refutación de noticias falsas. Se revisa su percepción de la metodología social y abierta del sMOOC y su interés en difundir estas nuevas competencias entre sus estudiantes o colaboradores.  Como conclusión, se destaca el alto grado de satisfacción que suscitó la iniciativa en la alfabetización con espíritu crítico. También, y gracias al componente social del sMOOC, destacó el interés que mostraron los participantes para desarrollar sus propios proyectos AMI como profesores o influencers.
Reinventando la enseñanza de la Historia Moderna en Secundaria: la utilización de ChatGPT para potenciar el aprendizaje y la innovación docente
Authors: Carrasco Rodríguez Antonio
Published: July 2023

Este artículo tiene como objetivos principales utilizar ChatGPT para crear contenidos teóricos, ejercicios y actividades prácticas en el ámbito de la enseñanza de la Historia Moderna en la educación secundaria, y valorar la calidad de sus aportaciones. En la introducción, se expone el contexto y la relevancia del tema, así como una breve revisión de la literatura existente sobre la aplicación de la inteligencia artificial a los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. La metodología detalla el enfoque pedagógico del trabajo y el papel de ChatGPT en su desarrollo. Los resultados muestran los contenidos teóricos y prácticos generados. En las conclusiones, se resumen los principales hallazgos del trabajo y las aportaciones que puede realizar la inteligencia artificial al campo de la enseñanza de la Historia Moderna, se destaca el potencial para adaptar el uso del chatbot a otros contextos y temáticas históricas, se reflexiona sobre las ventajas y limitaciones del uso de ChatGPT en el ámbito educativo, y se ofrecen sugerencias para futuras investigaciones y desarrollos en este campo.
Ecos del océano Índico. Las campañas otomanas de 1532 y 1538 contra la Corona de Portugal a través de las fuentes del espionaje hispánico en el mar Mediterráneo
Authors: Casillas Pérez Álvaro
Published: July 2023

Como consecuencia del conflicto mantenido con el Imperio otomano durante el siglo XVI, la Monarquía hispánica desarrolló un servicio de espionaje para obtener información sobre cualquier decisión o actuación política y militar de su adversario que pudiera dañar a sus reinos a través de Hungría y del mar Mediterráneo. Sin embargo, los espías incluyeron también en sus informes noticias sobre otras acciones que no afectaban directamente a sus intereses, ocurridas en espacios alejados de sus fronteras.
En este artículo se ha partido de estas fuentes para examinar dos campañas navales que tuvieron por objetivo enfrentar el expansionismo de la Corona de Portugal en el océano Índico, la primera en 1532, finalmente no realizada, y la segunda en 1538, que culminó con el asedio de Diu. Con ello, se ha pretendido completar el cuadro ofrecido por la historiografía y las crónicas del momento, sobre todo respecto a la preparación de ambas expediciones. Además, se ha reflexionado sobre las causas que explican la mayor o menor aparición de avisos con esta temática en la documentación analizada.
Edad Moderna en el currículo: Evolución y actualización historiográfica
Authors: Simón García M.ª del Mar
Published: July 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es detallar la evolución de los contenidos sobre Edad Moderna en el currículo español, en comparación con la trayectoria de la historiografía modernista en el siglo XXI. Para ello, se ha realizado un análisis bibliométrico de los artículos publicados en Web of Science (WoS) para conocer cuáles son las temáticas más abordadas por los investigadores modernistas en los últimos años. Por otro lado, se han analizado la organización y naturaleza de los contenidos sobre Historia Moderna en los currículos de Educación Secundaria desde 1990, y se ha comparado con la introducción de temas y problemáticas de la actual historiografía modernista. Esta propuesta curricular ha sido cuestionada en diversos debates, como se refleja también en las concreciones curriculares realizadas por diversas comunidades autónomas, y que encierra las diferentes finalidades sobre la enseñanza de la Edad Moderna en Educación Secundaria.