bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive model development and optimization of surface roughness parameter in milling operations by means of fuzzy logic and artificial neural network approach
Authors: Vignesh M , Sasindran Visnu , Arvind Krishna S , Madusudhanan A , Gokulachandran J
Published: December 2019

The advancement of artificial intelligence in the field of manufacturing has led to innovative methods to enhance productivity. Introduction of soft computing and machine learning techniques in industries have played a major role in reducing costs and increasing process efficiency. Optimization of machining processes such as surface finish brings about significant reduction in manufacturing costs. This research paper develops an optimization model by comparing two approaches – fuzzy logic and artificial neural network (ANN). The experiment is designed using Taguchi approach and the model is developed using fuzzy logic and ANN techniques. The validation is done for both the techniques and the one that provides minimal error is selected for predictive and optimization analysis. The selected method is suggested to be used in industries to optimize surface finish.
Energy harvesting from flow induced vibration; study using a distributed parameter model
Authors: Hari Haran R B , Siddharth S , Adithian A , Santhosh B , Balaram B
Published: December 2019

Energy harvesting from ambient vibration gained attention in the last decade to self power devices which need very low electric input. This finds applications in powering wireless sensor networks, structural health monitoring and human implants. In this work, the possibility of harnessing vibration energy from flow induced vibration is investigated numerically. A fluid stream passing over a bluff body make the body to oscillate due to vortex shedding. Piezoelectric transduction can be used to capture this energy from the oscillator by proper design of a mechanism. The governing equation for the distributed system was obtained using extended Hamilton principle followed by modal analysis. Continuous system model with a rigid support at the joint in the fluid flow is considered. Different wake oscillator models are considered and its effectiveness is investigated. Facchinetti model gives better representative result for the wake. Optimization using genetic alogorthm is performed to identify the values of parameters for maximum energy harvesting and to reduce primary system vibration.
Synthesis of Magnetorheological Fluid using Electrolytic Carbonyl Iron Powder for Enhanced Stability
Authors: Jinaga Rakesh Erappa , Jagadeesha T
Published: December 2019

Magnetorheological (MR) fluids is synthesized using micron-sized electrolytic carbonyl iron (CI) particles and vacuum grease as additive and their rheological behaviours were investigated in terms of particle alignment by controlling magnetic field, also the effect of surfactant Triton X100 was investigated. The overall rheological characteristics and sedimentation characteristics of the synthesised samples of MR fluids were compared with Lord 132DR MR fluid using rotational Rheometer which has magnetic cell. It was establish that combination of electrolytic CI powder with vacuum grease and Triton X-100 improves the stability of the fluid by reducing sedimentation
To Study the Effect of Pretreatment on Dry Sugarcane Leaves
Authors: Patil R. A. , Deshannavar Umesh B.
Published: December 2019

It is anticipated that oil and natural gas will deplete within next 40-50 years. Moreover, the expected environmental damages such as the global warming, acid rain and urban smog due to the production of emissions from these sources have forced the world to try to reduce carbon emissions by 80% and shift towards utilizing a variety of renewable energy resources which are less environmentally harmful such as solar, wind, biomass etc. in a sustainable way. Biomass is one of the earliest sources of energy with very specific properties and abundantly available. The sources of biomass are forestry, agricultural and municipal waste and residues. The agriculture waste as biomass is either destroyed or burnt inefficiently causing air pollution. The use of agriculture waste for making briquettes to generate power can be an alternative solution to the problems related to their disposal & pollution. Various pretreatment techniques change the physical and chemical structure of the lignocellulosic biomass and improve hydrolysis rates. The present work high light on pretreating dry sugarcane leaves (biomass) with physical treatment (Mechanical Comminution) by using aggregate impact test apparatus. It was found that effects of number of drops had upgraded the lignin percentage and and reduces the moisture content and ash content.
Evaluation of Erosive Wear Rate of Al2O3-Cu Composite
Authors: Hussain M Z , Khan U , Sarmah P , Khan S
Published: December 2019

This paper presents the analysis of erosive wear rate of Al2O3-Cu composite with 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 wt% loading of Al2O3 particles. Composite samples were fabricated through cost effective powder processing technique. The surface morphology of the composites was analysed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and composition was examined by Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX). The density analysis show that the mass density increases with increase in wt% of Al2O3 particles up to 5 wt% and then decreases from 5 wt% to 7 wt% o. The decrease in mass density of composite at 7 wt% of Al2O3 particles may be due to agglomeration of Al2O3 particles. Hardness results show that the addition of Al2O3 particles, the hardness value increases up to an optimum level of wt% of Al2O3. The analysis of erosive wear shows that the erosive wear rate decreases with increasing wt% of Al2O3 from 0 wt% to 5 wt% of Al2O3 particles and then increases to 7 wt%. The erosive wear rate of the Al2O3-Cu composite depend on optimum level addition of Al2O3, sintered mass density, hardness value and distribution of Al2O3 particle in the composite.
FE approach for dynamic response of a functionally graded spinning shaft system containing a transverse fully open crack
Authors: Gayen D , Chakraborty D , Tiwari R
Published: December 2019

Free vibration and stability analysis are studied for a rotor-disc-bearing system having a radially functionally graded (FG) shaft with a transversely fully open crack, based on finite element (FE) approach. Both internal viscous and hysteretic damping are incorporated in the FE model of FG cracked shaft using two nodded Timoshenko beam element having four degrees of freedom at each node. Material properties of the FG shaft are assumed temperature dependent and graded with different material law of gradation. Aluminium Oxide (Al2O3) and stainless steel (SS) are composed as FG material. Local flexibility coefficients (LFCs) are derived analytically as a function of crack size, power-law gradient index and temperature using Paris’s equation and Castigliano’s theorem to compute the stiffness matrix at each instant in the FE analysis. Using the developed MATLAB code, the FE formulation and the cracked model are verified with the published results. Parametric studies are conducted to study the influences of different material gradient index, temperature gradient, crack size, internal damping, slenderness ratio and boundary conditions on the vibration responses of the FG cracked shaft system.
A phenomenological model for the viscoelastic behaviour of natural rubber
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Lateefi Md Moonim , Sarangi Somnath
Published: December 2019

The present work is concerned with the study of the viscoelastic behaviour of natural rubber in relaxation tests. A phenomenological model is presented to predict the exact viscoelastic behaviour of natural rubber in a finite strain regime to enhance the experimental fit accuracy. A rate dependent multiplicative deformation gradient tensor is splitted into elastic and viscous parts during deformation. Viscoelastic behaviour of natural rubber is introduced through Jeffrey rheological model with Horgan and Sacoomandy type energy function. A thermodynamically consistent rate-dependent relaxation time scheme is introduced which results reduced material parameters, complexity level and the computational time. The developed constitutive model is validated with stress relaxation test data that depicts the rate-dependent viscoelastic behaviour of natural rubber.
Optimization of cutting parameters and prediction of surface roughness during hard turning of H13 steel with minimal vegetable oil based cutting fluid application using response surface methodology
Authors: Raj Anil , Leo Dev Wins K. , Varadarajan A. S.
Published: December 2019

The manufacturing industries in modern era are competing to reduce cost of production by employing innovative techniques, one being hard turning. In hard turning process, the work piece is heat treated to the required hardness in the initial stage itself and near net shape is arrived directly by hard turning process. Hard turning reduces manufacturing lead time by excluding the normal cost incurring processes such as, turning, heat treatment, finish grinding etc. In this experimental investigation hard turning process is assisted with minimal cutting fluid application technique, which reduces cutting fluid usage to a minimum of 6-8 ml/min. Soya bean oil based emulsion was used to make the hard turning environment friendly. The oil was prepared by adding additives, which will enhance the desirable properties of the oil for hard turning. Response surface methodology was used for optimization of cutting parameters and for the prediction of surface roughness. A central composite design was implemented to estimate the second-degree polynomial model. The cutting parameters considered for experimentation were cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. The surface roughness was considered parameter for prediction. Surface roughness predicted by the response Surface Methodology matched well with the experimental results.
Experimental study and characterization of coal gasification in a circulating fluidized bed gasifier
Authors: Dwivedi Krishna Kant , Pramanick A K , Karmakar M K , Chatterjee P K
Published: December 2019

In this study Indian coal material were used for the experiments and presents the results from gasification of Indian sub-bituminous coal in a (4.0 m tall X 0.75 m diameter) circulating fluidized bed gasifier. All the experiments were performed at the temperature range 700-800 °C. A number of experiments were carried out to see the effect of different parameters like coal feed rate, coal particle size on the quality of syngas production during the gasification of coal in circulating fluidized bed gasifier. All the above parametric study performed on three different superficial velocities of 5, 6 and 7 m/s. During the experiments coal feed rate was in the range of 0.036-0.073 g/s and coal particle size was varied from 80-212 mm respectively. With this experiment it is found that with increasing the superficial velocity, the solid circulation rate of material increases as well as with increases in solid inventory. It is observed that coal particle size also affect the heat transfer coefficient means it is decreases with increase the size of coal particle.
Solar distillation using heat pipes and heat exchanger
Authors: Vijayasarathy B , Kumar Dinesh , Vijayakrishnan K , Kumar Ajith , Kotebavi Vinod
Published: December 2019

This project focuses on obtaining distilled water using solar power. A non conventional design was given to the solar distillation by eliminating the basin and replacing it with a small tank with lid which has an outlet for evaporated steam. The arrangement consists of a tank of volume of 7.4 litres which is filled with water which is heated with the help of heat pipe placed inside evacuated tubes. The complete arrangement was made and experiment was conducted at Amrita school of engineering, Bangalore (Latitude: 12.97°N and Longitude: 77.59°E). The performance study was conducted i) Without compound parabolic concentrator ii) With compound parabolic concentrator. The maximum distilled water output obtained was of 560 ml without the use of compound parabolic concentrator with overall efficiency of 23.31%. The output was found to be increased to 680 ml with the use of compound parabolic concentrator which gave an overall efficiency of 27.23%. The hardness of the distilled water was 19ppm which was obtained by distilling brackish water of 390ppm.
Simulation and Comparative performance analysis of Modified Cyclone Dust Separator
Authors: Bhade Suveg , Hegde Sriharsha
Published: December 2019

The cyclone separator is industrial equipment that is in use for a long time. Because of its industrial importance, a lot of extensive research work has been done. This paper discusses the efficiency of cyclones by considering the pressure loss and collection efficiency (cutoff diameter). The simulation of fluid-dust flow field in a cyclone is carried out using computational studies. The gas flow rate and temperature and geometrical parameters governing the efficiency of cyclone are the focus of this study. In this paper, the influence of the geometry on flow field pattern and performance of the tangential inlet cyclone separators are analyzed using computational work. The current work is carried out in three steps. First phase is dedicated to study the Stairmand’s optimized design to appreciate the pressure and speed fluctuations. This study if followed by examining the cyclone separator by varying the inlet width and height; and the cyclone total height. Finally, mathematical study to determine the efficiency of the dust separator is done.
Heat Transfer Augmentation in Solar Air Heater using Trapezoidal Winglets
Authors: Akash Nawin A R , George Ajin P , Sanjeev J R V , Kotebavi Vinod
Published: December 2019

In this paper we will investigate about the thermal effectiveness of a solar air heater which consists of trapezoidal type vortex generators by experimentation and validating with numerical simulation. The trapezoidal type vortex generator is placed inside the duct having a test section of 400*300*30mm. Trapezoidal vortex generators are placed in 3 different arrangements inside the duct, and having an array of 5 winglets in each row. The vortex generator is categorized as a winglet and the height of the winglet is half the height of the air duct. The analysis of trapezoidal winglet is done for wide range of Reynolds Number ranging from 3500 to 25000. Thermal performance factor is calculated by Webb’s correlation factor equation for roughness of surface, which considers Nussult Number and friction Factor as a parameter for thermal effectiveness. Numerical simulation was carried out using Ansys Fluent Software. Comparison of experimental and numerical results was done. Experimental and Numerical results showed that an increase in heat transfer rate of upto 65% was obtained when compared to smooth channel duct.
An Experimental Investigation of Fracture Toughness and Volume Resistivity of Symmetric Laminated Epoxy/Glass Fiber/CNT multiscale composites
Authors: Lakshmanan Mahadevan , Jayanarayanan Karingamanna , Joesph Joyal
Published: December 2019

In this work an attempt is made to improve the fracture toughness and electrical conductivity of epoxy/glass fiber based laminates by the inclusion of carbon nanotube (CNT) fillers. The fiber orientation of the epoxy/glass fiber (GF) fabric laminates was optimized based on estimation of mechanical properties. The carboxylic acid functionalized CNTs were incorporated into epoxy matrix by ultra-sonication method. The nano filled epoxy resin was used to prepare laminates with 30/45 GF fabric orientation. The CNT content was varied and its effect on the tensile properties was determined. The fracture toughness of multiphase composites was estimated using single edge notch bend (SENB) test. The presence of CNTs improved the fracture toughness by a crack bridging mechanism. The volume resistivity of multiphase composites was found to be superior to the conventional epoxy/CNT composite. The presence of glass fabric reduces the number of inter-tube contacts contributing to the reduction in volume resistivity.
Synthesis, characterization of Cr-Gd nanocomposites doped with yttrium possessing dielectric properties
Authors: Adimule Vinayak , Bhowmik Debdas , Suryavanshi Anusha
Published: December 2019

We report here, a set of perovskite oxide nanomaterials that has been prepared through co precipitation methods. Synthesis of nanocomposite material, chromium-gadolinium doped with various concentrations of yttrium was investigated for their dielectric properties. Nanocompositional hybrid materials were prepared by co precipitation method with composition of Cr0.3 Gd0.3 (Y2O3) x moles. In the present study yttrium is doped with x = 0.1-0.5 moles, the gelated precipitate of hybrid nanomaterials were calcinated at different temperatures and characterized by XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis, SEM spectroscopic techniques. The doped Y2O3 to chromium and gadolinium multi component nanocomposite with different concentrations (0.1-0.5%). The dielectric constants of the pelletalized samples were examined at 300K and 320K temperature and materials showed variable dielectric polarization with respect to temperature and frequency. The precursor material used for the synthesis is chromium sulphate and gadolinium carbonate which are reduced in presence of triethanol amine (TEA).The aqueous mixture of greenish brown precipitate was filtered, washed with ethanol-water mixture (1:9 volume %) to remove any impurities present with the precipitate, dried at 50-100°C, heat treated at 650-750 °C and obtained pure nanocomposite.
Findings:
Spectroscopic studies showed that Y2O3 grain size was 12-60 nm in diameter and it’s over layer is 85% optically transparent. XRD pattern demonstrated the formation of hexagonal yttrium and dopant addition moderately affect the crystal structure. Higher dielectric constants were obtained with larger grain size of the nanocomposites.
Optimization of Process Parameters That Affects Hole Quality Characteristics in Drilling Of Syntactic Foams Using Artificial Neural Network Model and Particle Swarm Optimization
Authors: Lakkundi Anand , Gaitonde Vinayak. N. , Karnik S. R. , Deshpande Anand. S.
Published: December 2019

The drilling is known popular and common mechanical operation which is performed frequently during manufacturing of automotive and aerospace related parts, it is important to study the manufacturability of any novel engineering materials developed and subjected for machining more often as drilling a hole which is required for the purpose of assembly. In this regard the proposed work aims at study of drilling process parameters on newly developed class of polymer based composites. Cenosphere or fly ash acts as a filler material which is a by-product of coal combustion used along with epoxy to produce syntactic foam. The preparation of cenosphere based epoxy composites is done using hand layup technique. The controllable factors in the presented study identified such as cutting speed, feed rate and drill diameter are suspected to have effect on drilled hole quality characters, such as surface roughness and delamination factor. Syntactic foams of 40% by weight are fabricated. A complete factorial design has been selected to perform drilling experiments and recommended drilling quality aspects are analyzed using RSM based quadratic relationships. The relationship of RSM revealed that Ra and Fd are varying non-linearly for selected input variables. The optimization of selected parameters is performed and it is seen that Ra of 0.2 microns and Fd 0.99 are achieved at cutting speed of 55m/min, feed rate of 0.05mm/rev and using drilling tool of diameter 16mm.
Realization of vertically aligned 1-D Ferrous nanorods using template assisted electrochemical deposition
Authors: Anu Roshini R , Kannan E S
Published: December 2019

In this work, we report on the synthesis of vertically aligned ferrous (Fe) nanorods using aluminium oxide template (AAO). Initially, a thick layer of gold was deposited on one side of the anodic aluminium oxide template to realize a good electrically conductive surface. The other side of the AAO is subjected to pore widening technique using phosphoric acid before electrochemically depositing Fe inside the pores. After deposition, the template was removed and the resulting free-standing Fe nanorods were found to have grown along the 110 plane. We controlled the dimensions of the Fe nanorods by varying parameters such as the concentration of electrolyte solution and the rate of electrodeposition. This growth technique is advantageous since there is uniformity in the sizes of nanorods and the free-standing nanorods provides an ideal platform for making Fe nanorod based memories.
Integrating FMEA, QFD and Lean for Risk management in hospitals
Authors: Harikumar Priya , Saleeshya P G
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this paper is to help hospital administrative managers or decision makers understand and effectively mitigate the hospital wide risks by developing and implementing strategies, before they turn detrimental to the firm. This paper done as a case study deals with risk identification, measurement, assessment, mitigation and control of risks present in hospitals. We have applied FMEA and Quality function deployment (QFD) methods for risk quantification and assessment. Using these techniques critical risk agents which create risk events in the hospital were identified. Mitigation plans were developed based on expert opinions. We analysed the integration of lean thinking principles in the risk control process and found that the risk control by implementating lean techniques has a scope for productivity improvement and better customer satisfaction in hospitals.
Microstructural and Mechanical behaviour of Nickel Aluminum Bronze alloys
Authors: Kuppahalli Prabhakar , Keshavamurthy R. , Sriram P. , Kavya J.T
Published: December 2019

The present investigation reports on microstructure and mechanical characterization of permanent and shell moulded Nickel Aluminum Bronze alloy Castings (NAB) (AB2) melted in Medium Frequency coreless Induction furnace. The mechanical properties studied consisted of Tensile strength, Yield Strength, ductility on one hand, Optical microscopy and grain size measurements on the other. Effect of zirconium addition on the microstructure and mechanical characteristics of Permanent and shell moulded castings have been studied. The results of this investigation reveal that microstructures consisted of dispersed particles in the matrix of copper solid solution both in permanent and shell moulded castings. Shell moulded castings exhibited extensive grain refinement compared to Permanent moulded castings. Very high values of Tensile Strength, Yield strength and Elongation values are obtained for the Nickel Aluminum Bronze alloys. Shell moulded castings have exhibited superior mechanical properties than Permanent moulded castings in all the characteristic/property values obtained.
Performance analysis of solar air dryer for drying different spices
Authors: Sharma Darshana , Rajesh VR
Published: December 2019

The present work is confined to the fabrication of a solar dryer for drying spices and evaluates the performance of the collector and dryer system. The materials for each component of the dryer system is chosen considering different parameters effecting the performance of the dryer which includes design, operational, meteorological and environmental parameters. The experiments were carried out for 1 kg of two different types of spices and the drying efficiency is estimated to be 3.81 % for red chilly and 2.04 % for turmeric. The collector temperature is varying between 58ºC to 90ºC and the drying chamber temperature is varying between 46ºC to 60ºC during the entire observation period for an ambient temperature of 36ºC to 41ºC. The collector efficiency is varied from 28% to 45 %. The variation in moisture content and drying rate over the drying period are analysed and presented.
Rotational dynamics of Bacillus subtilis in an optical trap
Authors: Bhat Ashwini V , Parthasarathi Praveen , Iyengar Shruthi S , Yendeti Balaji , Mohana D C , Vudayagiri Ashok , Ananthamurthy Sharath
Published: December 2019

The swimming of a bacterium in fluids occurs in a low Reynolds number regime. The ability to confine the swimming motion by trapping a bacterium in laser light, can give information on the propulsion coefficients, which are important in explaining the efficiency of swimming of these bacteria. In this work, we report the results of an optically trapped Bacillus subtilis in an optical tweezer and the studies on the rotatory motion of the bacterium. The data is gathered and analysed using video microscopy. The propulsion coefficients of such swimming bacterium are determined through a power spectral analysis of the rotatory motion of the bacterium in the trap.
Development of Polymer Microneedle upon Exposure of Hollow Gaussian Beam on Unconstraint Depth Resin
Authors: Londhe B U , Bhole K S , Sharma C , Bhole D K
Published: December 2019

This paper presents characterization of unconstraint depth photopolymerization yielding different forms of cured voxel under exposure of hollow Gaussian beam. The governing model consists of nonlinear Schrodinger equation along with transient diffusion phenomenon and intensity dependent refractive gradient is considered in predicting the curing behaviour. The effect of various process parameters viz; intensity of and degree of hollowness of Gaussian beam, time of exposure on the formation of cured voxel is presented in this paper. Typical of cured voxel resembles hollow microneedle under certain conditions of exposure. The study proposes potential possibility to be used as one of the methods to develop hollow microneedle being used in many biomedical applications for effective drug delivery.
Impedance Spectroscopy of Pb0.8La0.2Fe0.1Cr0.1Ti0.8O3
Authors: Nayak Amrita , Patri S K , Behera B , Deepti P L
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we have focused on the structural and electrical properties of Pb0.8La0.2Fe0.1Cr0.1Ti0.8O3 ceramic through complex impedance spectroscopy method. It was synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction technique. Detailed analysis of complex impedance and modulus plot was done, which proposed the semiconducting nature (NTCR) of the sample. Temperature dependant relaxation processes are going on inside the material, which is of non-Debye type.
Investigating Sedimentation and Rheological properties of Magnetorheological Fluids using various carrier fluids
Authors: Aruna M N , Rahman M.R. , Joladarashi Sharnappa , Kumara Hemantha
Published: December 2019

The present paper focuses on the preparation of Magnetorheological (MR) fluids samples with three types of carrier fluids are silicone, light paraffin and Poly-alpha-olefin (5, 30 and 400 cSt) viscosity oils with 25% volume fraction of carbonyl iron particles and 3% fumed silica as a thixotropic agent to improve sedimentation of the MR fluid. The morphology, magnetic saturation and phase of the carbonyl iron particles were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), super quantum interface interference device (SQUID), X-ray diffraction (XRD) respectively. The results found that obtained powder particles spherical in shape, and a high magnetic saturation of 270 (emu/gm) with the applied field of 15000 (Oe). The prepared MR fluids rheological properties were tested using Anton Paar MCR702 Twin drive rheometer fitted with a magneto-rheological module. Sedimentation stability examined using direct observation method.
Synthesis, Characterization and antibacterial activity of Magnesium Oxide (MgO) nanoparticles.
Authors: Almontasser A , Parveen A , Azam A
Published: December 2019

Magnesium nitrate hexahydrate Mg (NO3)2.6H2O, ammonia and distilled water were used for preparation magnesium oxide (MgO) via a precipitation method, where magnesium nitrate is used as a precursor, distilled water as a solvent and ammonia is used to maintain pH of the sample. The MgO was characterized by an X-ray diffractometer microscopy and a UV-Vis spectroscopy. In this study, The average particle size has been investigated by XRD spectroscopy, which came out to be 7 nm by using Scherrer’s equation. The samples had good crystallinity with a preferred orientation in the (222) direction. The energy band gap was estimated using UV-Vis spectroscopy, which is equal to be 4.8eV. As well as, in the present paper, the main goal for preparation Magnesium oxide is to study the antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide. Antibacterial was testing by analyzing the diameter of inhibition zone appeared in disk diffusion tests and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of samples dispersed in media. The results of bacterial sensitivity of nanoparticles vary depending on the type of bacteria E. coli and S. aureus, hence revealed the efficacy of magnesium oxide nanoparticles.
Investigating the morphology and thermophysical properties of Al2O3 and CuO nanofluids
Authors: Singh Vinay , Gupta Munish , Kumar Ajay
Published: December 2019

Presently researches on nanofluids are high due to the owing interest and increasing day to day demand. The aim of the present investigation is to examine the size and morphology of nanoparticles using SEM and HRTEM and also calculate the thermophysical properties of alumina/water and CuO/water nanofluids. Nanofluids with weight concentration of 0.02 wt% and 0.05wt% were made using distilled water by adding appropriate amount of nanoparticle and base fluid. Thermophysical properties were measured at different temperatures using different concentration of nanofluids. Addition of nanoparticles in base fluid improves the thermal conductivity at increasing concentrations with temperature rise however, viscosity decreases with temperature increase.
Compression behaviour of brick masonry strengthened with Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC) – A preliminary study
Authors: Lakshmi Anuhya C , Anand K B , Gopinath Smitha , Madheswaran C K , Prabhakar J , Thivya Devi K G
Published: December 2019

Masonry is one of the most widely used conventional materials throughout the world but its failure mainly occurs due to low tensile resistance. The main objective of this study is to observe the effectiveness of the relatively new construction material Textile Reinforced Concrete (TRC), in strengthening the brick masonry prism. In the present work TRC consisting of an overnight cementitious curing mortar (OCCM) along with alkali resistant glass textile which can resist high tensile stress is used for strengthening of unreinforced brick masonry. The technique adopted in this work is not time consuming and is also practically feasible. Tests were carried out to study the axial compressive behaviour of prisms strengthened with cast-in-place TRC overlays and pre-cast TRC laminae with varying reinforcement ratios. Detailed investigations were carried out to observe failure patterns and ultimate failure load. From observations, 4 ply TRC overlays were found to be more effective. Among all strengthening methods mortar bonded TRC laminae exhibited enhancement in terms of compressive strength. It is concluded that this technique may benefit many applications in the area of masonry retrofit.
Parkinson’s Tremor Suppression Using Active Vibration Control Method
Authors: Lekshmi A , Ramachandran K I
Published: December 2019

Parkinson’s disease is the second most common neuro-degenerative disorder. The hallmark symptom of Parkinson’s disease known as tremor, affects the patients in carrying out most of their daily life activities. In this paper, a biodynamic model of human arm is used to imitate the behavior of Parkinson’s tremor and suppression of this tremor is performed using a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller which is optimized using Genetic Algorithm (GA) to obtain better performance. Active vibration controlling technique which incorporates sensors and actuators to detect and counteract the tremor is implemented with the help of PID controller.
Magnetoelectric 0.2(CoFe2O4)-0.8(Ba0.85Ca0.15 Zr0.1Ti0.9O3) lead free composite for spintronic applications
Authors: Suresh Pittala , Vishnunarayanan S. , Anil Kumar P S
Published: December 2019

Lead free (0.2) CoFe2O4 (CFO) – (0.8) Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (BCZT) composite is prepared by mechanical mixing of CFO and BCZT phases. The constituent phases, CFO and BCZT are prepared by sol-gel technique. XRD data shows characteristic peaks of both magnetic and piezoelectric phases without any secondary phases confirming the formation of the composite. Polarization (P) versus Electric field (E) measurements show a proper ferroelectric loop for BCZT with P
max ∼ 4.3 μC/cm2 whereas composite shows a leaky behaviour. Room temperature M-H loops show a decrease of magnetization from ∼ 80 emu/g for pure CFO to 17 emu/g for composite. Thus, 0.2 CFO-0.8 BCZT composite shows both electric and magnetic properties at room temperature.
Synthesis and electrical properties of lead-free piezo electrics for magnetoelectric applications
Authors: Pullarao Teneti , Vishnunarayanan S. , Suresh Pittala , Nagaraju G
Published: December 2019

The Lead-free piezoelectric polycrystalline materials, BaTiO3 (BTO) and Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (BCZT) ceramic are prepared by sol-gel synthesis method. The synthesis dynamics and the effect of sintering temperature on the purity and the formation of morphotropic phase boundaries in these samples are investigated. X-ray Diffraction studies show the cubic phase for the BTO at low temperature, whereas it transforms into the tetragonal for high-temperature synthesis. The BCZT exists in the mixed phases of tetragonal and orthorhombic structures. Formation of MPBs in BCZT are observed for the sintering temperature above 1350 °C. Polarization (P) versus electric field (E) measurement shows enhanced polarization values for the BCZT in comparison to the BTO.
Structural and Magnetic Studies of Zinc Substituted Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles prepared by Sol–Gel Technique
Authors: Lakshmi V K , Kumar Gangothri S , Anugraha A , Raguram T , Rajni K S
Published: December 2019

All Magnetic nanoparticles are newly explored materials due to its large surface to volume ratio, smaller grain size, quantum confinement effect, large uni-axial anisotropy and superparamagnetism. In the present study, Zinc substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are prepared by sol-gel auto-combustion method with copper concentration varies from 0.0 to 0.0. Structural studies are taken by XRD, it was confirmed that the sample has pure cubic spinel phase structure and the crystallite size decreases from 25nm to 15nm as the Zn content increases. Raman spectroscopy confirming the spinel structure and in the case of Co1-xZnxFe2O4, the Raman bands show a shoulder-like feature at the lower wavenumber which are Raman active bands in Fe3O4 all the tetrahedral and octahedral sites are occupied by Fe ions. From FTIR Analysis, the peak observed at 433 cm−1 and around 580 cm−1 it confirms the metal oxygen vibration at octahedral and tetrahedral site. Morphological analysis shows that the spherical sized particles with pores due to the evolution of gases during the annealing process at higher temperature. The magnetic studies reveals that as the ratio of metal nitrates increases, the coercivity and remanence decreases following a hysteresis path. By the above characterization technique we were successfully able to confirm the substitution of Zinc in the octahedral sites of cobalt ferrite.
Studies on the Effect of Process Parameters in Turning of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Using Topsis
Authors: Rao Charitha M , Rao Shrikantha S , Herbert Mervin A
Published: December 2019

Optimization of process parameters in turning process is the fundamental machining operation which leads to better machining performance. This study has applied Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method to obtain the optimum process parameters in turning of Ti-6Al-4V alloy using Polycrystalline Diamond (PCD) cutting tool insert. The process parameters chosen for optimization were cutting velocity, feed rate and depth of cut. The objective is to minimize cutting temperature, tool wear, and surface roughness. TOPSIS is employed to analyze the input parameters on output performance characteristics. Nine experiments were conducted under MQL (Minimum Quantity Lubrication) environment based on an L9orthogonal array, respectively. The optimization results indicate turning Ti-6Al-4V alloy at cutting velocity of 150 m/min, the feed rate of 0.5 mm/rev and depth of cut of 0.5 mm as optimum parameters obtained by TOPSIS technique. From the Analysis of variance (ANOVA), it was identified that depth of cut parameter is the most influencing process parameter on turning performance characteristics.
Room temperature multiferroic properties of hexagonal Lu0.85Sr0.15FeO3 ceramics
Authors: Poojitha K U , Suresh Pittala , Anil Kumar P S
Published: December 2019

The structural, electric and magnetic properties of bulk hexagonal Lu1-x
Sr
x
FeO3 (x = 0 and 0.15) ceramics are investigated. XRD data and rietveld refinement confirm the hexagonal structure with P63cm space group. Magnetic measurements for Sr-doped sample indicate a ferromagnetic-like behavior at the room temperature with a very high coercivity of the order of ∼ 4.4 kOe. P-E hysteresis loops show an enhanced ferroelectric property with Sr doping. Hence, towards the realization of applications, the multiferroic properties of hexagonal LuFeO3 are improved remarkably by 15% Sr substitution at Lu site.
Role of spin-orbit coupling in semimetallic bulk Bismuth
Authors: Jena Soumyasree , Datta Sanjoy
Published: December 2019

Ever since the prediction of nontrivial topological band structure in Bi1-xSbx and its subsequent experimental verification, semimetallic bismuth (Bi) has been used quite regularly in a large class of topologically nontrivial materials. On top of it, the recent unexpected discovery of superconductivity in the bulk Bismuth has made it an even more enigmatic material. Although, bulk bismuth has been studied quite extensively both theoretically and experimentally, the observation of superconducting ground state in bulk Bismuth at ambient pressure demands elaborate cross-examination of the electronic structure of Bi. Here, we have used density-functional-theory based first principle calculation to probe the system systematically and obtained qualitative agreement with the experimental result. Int erestingly, we have observed the presence of electron pocket close to the symmetry point L and hole pocket near the symmetry point T albeit without the inclusion of spin-orbit coupling. Furthermore, when spin-orbit interaction is taken into account the hole pocket at T disappears and reappears close to Г rather strongly. We demonstrated the importance of structural optimization and proper Brillouin zone sampling in reproducing the semimetallic behaviour of Bi.
Structural, Optical, Functional, Morphological and Compositional Analysis of Ni - doped TiO2Nanofibers Prepared by Electrospinning Technique
Authors: Amritha C , Kurian Silpa , Raguram T , Rajni K S
Published: December 2019

In the present work, three different concentration of Nickel is doped with TiO2/PVA nanofibers by electrospinning method which can be used as photoanode in DSSC applications. The samples are annealed at 2000C for one hour. XRD results show the anatase phase of the prepared samples. FESEM images of different concentration of nanofibers show that diameter of nanofibers depends on the concentration of Ni. Large concentrations of nanofibers show fewer diameters of nanofibers. The EDX spectrum clearly confirmed that the TiO2composite nanofibers are consists of nickel, titanium and oxygen elements. From UV-DRS studies, redshift is observed with the increase in dopant concentration. The transitions are direct and indirect allowed and the calculated bandgap finds to be decreasing with increase in dopant concentration. PL spectra of Ni-doped samples show less intensity, which indicates the low recombination rate and intensity decreases with increase in dopant concentration. It is concluded that Ni is doped with TiO2/PVA gives better energy conversion efficiency in DSSC compare to undoped TiO2.
Analysis of surface hardness and surface roughness in diamond burnishing of 17-4 PH stainless steel
Authors: Sachin B , Narendranath S , Chakradhar D
Published: December 2019

Burnishing is a chipless secondary finishing operation which yields excellent surface finish. The present work focuses on multi-response optimization of diamond burnishing on 17-4 precipitation hardenable stainless steel under dry environment by using Taguchi based grey relation analysis (TGRA) to simultaneously minimize surface roughness and maximize surface hardness. The effect of the process parameters such as burnishing speed, burnishing feed and burnishing force on performance characteristics like surface roughness and surface hardness were studied. Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array has been adopted for the experimental design. The optimal burnishing process parameters were found to be burnishing speed of 73 m/min, burnishing feed of 0.048 mm/rev and burnishing force of 150 N. Burnishing feed is the most significant parameter on burnishing performance characteristics. It has been proved that the performance characteristics of a diamond burnishing process have been improved by effective use of this technique.
Preparation and Characterisation of PVA+TiO2 Nanofiber by Electrospinning Technique
Authors: Kurian Silpa , Amrita C , Raguram T , Rajni K S
Published: December 2019

In the present work PVA+TiO2 nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning technique. Structural and Functional groups were carried out by X-Ray diffraction and FTIR technique. The optical analysis was analysed by UV-DRS and Photoluminscence studies. Morphology and compositional were characterized by FESEM and EDS analysis. From Structural analysis shows PVA+TiO2 anatase crystal structure and crystallite size are nanometers. The FTIR technique was used to find out the functional groups present in the prepared set of samples. The optical analysis shows above 70% transparency in the visible region. From the PL analysis titanium and oxygen vacancies are found to be 375 and 526 nm. FESEM analysis of the annealed samples shows the uniformity of nanofibers without any beads which is attributed to the interaction of TiO2 particles with the PVA matrix. From the compositional analysis, the atomic weight percentage of Ti and O increases with the TiO2 loading in PVA.
Investigations on Wire Electro Discharge Machining (WEDM) characteristics of NiTi Shape Memory Alloy
Authors: Kulkarni Vinayak N , Gaitonde V N , Nalavade K S , Patil M S
Published: December 2019

NiTi(Nickel Titanium) Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) are expeditiously replacing conventional materials in aerospace, automobile, robotics and bio-engineering fields due to its distinctive characteristics like shape memory effect, pseudo elasticity and biocompatibility. Machining of these alloys is strenuous by traditional methods. The unconventional methods like wire electro discharge machining (WEDM) can competently machine these SMAs. But improper selection of WEDM parameters may lead to undesirable results such as poor surface finish and higher machining time. The present study attempts to explore the influence of three system variables; pulse on time, pulse off time and wire feed on performance criteria’s like material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (SR) during WEDM of NiTi SMA. Experiments were conducted in accordance with Full Factorial Design (FFD) and results were analysed using Response surface methodology (RSM) based mathematical models. The investigation outcomes revealed that pulse on time has more influence on MRR and SR than pulse off time and wire feed. Maximum MRR is achieved at higher pulse on time with the combination of higher pulse off time and lower wire feed rate. Better surface finish is observed at decreased pulse on time, increased pulse off time and minimum wire feed rate.
Polymer-iron tungstate-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for microwave absorption
Authors: Sanjay Krishna M , Balaji S , Vadamalai Raj G , Pravin P A , Sathish Kumar M , Kothurkar Nikhil K , Ramani Prasanna , Sabarish Narayanan B , Moorthy Arjun
Published: December 2019

Three polymers were used in the preparation of three-component nanocomposites. Sulphonated poly(ether-ether-ketone) (SPEEK) was synthesized by sulphonation of powdered poly(ether-ether-ketone) (PEEK) using concentrated sulphuric acid. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used as purchased. Polyaniline (PANI) was synthesized using aniline, hydrochloric acid and ammonium persulphate. Three nanocomposite films based on SPEEK, PVA and PANI were synthesized through solution casting from N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) solutions with a magnetic filler, iron tungstate (FeWO4) and a conductive filler, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) dispersed in them. The synthesized PANI was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the nanocomposites (RGO/PANI, FeWO4/PANI, FeWO4-RGO/PANI) were characterized by FTIR, TGA, DSC and SEM. The nanocomposite films based on SPEEK and PVA containing 2% RGO and 2% FeWO4 showed the electromagnetic interference (EMI) reflection loss of only -0.5 dB for a 0.1 mm thick sample. The PANI based nanocomposite film containing 2% RGO and 2% FeWO4 showed the maximu m EMI reflection loss of -4.5 dB for a 0.1mm thick sample.
Colloidal Synthesis and Characterization of Nanowires of Triclinic Cu3SnS4
Authors: Mathew Maya , Preetha KC
Published: December 2019

In this paper we report the colloidal synthesis and characterization of triclinic nanowires of Cu3SnS4. The XRD pattern of the as - prepared sample matches well with JCPDS No. 33-0501. Triclinic crystals of average crystallite size of about 3.7 nm were formed. The absorption spectrum consists of two SPR peaks which are characteristic of nanowires, corresponding to the axial and longitudinal vibrations of electrons on its surface. The bandgap of Cu3SnS4 nanowire is found to be 1.66 eV and so it can find application in the absorber layer of solar cells.
A facile route for the synthesis of nickel foam modified WSe2:CdS nanohybrid as an efficient catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)
Authors: Karfa P , Majhi K C , De S , Madhuri R
Published: December 2019

Nickel foam was synthesized via a easy and time consuming method with the help of microwave, the nickel foam was then modified with very impressive rod shaped nanoparticle WSe2-CdS. The pores of the nickel foam are very clear and uniform in size with the nanoparticle attached in the surface of the foam. The prepared nanohybrid foam (Nifoam@WSe2-CdS) shows good performance towards hydrogen evolution reaction with small onset potential of -0.30 V and very low tafel slope that is 44 mV/dec. The electrocatalyst was prepared with earth abundant material with low cost of synthesis. Prepared electrocatlyst shows high durability over acidic medium for several time periods with unchanged electrochemical behavior.
Synthesis, Structural and Electrical Properties of Y1-xCaxFeO3 (X = 0.03 and 0.05) Ceramics
Authors: Suthar L , Bhadala F , Roy M , Singh R P
Published: December 2019

The single-phase ceramic samples of Perovskite Y1-xCaxFeO3 (YCFO) were synthesized successfully by solid state reaction method. The prepared samples of YCFO were analyzed by roo m temperature X-ray diffraction techniques and the data were fitted with FullProf program which confirmed the orthorhombic symmetry with Pn ma space group. To estimate electrical parameters the samples were analy zed by I-V and dielectric measurement techniques and observed that the overall conductivities enhances with increase in temperature as well as with doping concentration.