bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La educación multigrado en El Salvador : breve diagnóstico.
Authors: Ventura Edgar
Published: October 2018

El presente trabajo evidencia las disparidades que existen actualmente entre la oferta educativa que brinda el área urbana respecto del área rural en el sistema público de educación. Para demostrar tal disparidad, el análisis se concentra en las modalidades de educación multigrado, las cuales son prototípicas de la oferta educativa en el área rural. Las limitantes que presentan dichas modalidades tienen una incidencia directa en la calidad de la educación que recibe esta población, reﬂejada en la limitada capacidad docente para atender las asignaturas del currículo: una jornada lectiva inferior, limitados materiales educativos que faciliten el proceso formativo, limitada infraestructura, entre otros. El trabajo propone una lectura contextualizada de los procesos socioeducativos, a fin de captar los problemas específicos según se manifiestan en los territorios del país.Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales, n° 8, julio-diciembre 2016: 51-84
La construcción de la cultura de paz en El Salvador.
Authors: Canjura Linares Carlos Mauricio
Published: October 2018

Revista de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales, n° 9, enero-junio 2017: 15-24
INDICADORES CLIMÁTICOS DE DESERTIFICAÇÃO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO PAJEÚ, PERNAMBUCO
Authors: Soares Deivide Benicio , Nóbrega Ranyére Silva , Galvíncio Josiclêda Domiciano
Published: October 2018

Apesar de o tema da desertificação ser estudado em âmbito internacional desde a década de 1970, o consenso sobre o assunto ainda é muito restrito, especialmente quando se trata da definição dos indicadores de desertificação. Desde a realização da Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre Desertificação em 1977, em Nairóbi, no Quênia, os indicadores de desertificação constituem tema de estudos e discussões tanto no meio acadêmico/científico, quanto no meio técnico, representado pelas entidades governamentais. Dentre os indicadores de desertificação consensuados na atualidade estão os indicadores abióticos, representados pelos aspectos climáticos, edáficos e hídricos. Neste contexto está fundamentado o objetivo deste trabalho: analisar os indicadores climáticos de desertificação na bacia hidrográfica do rio Pajeú, buscando-se identificar tendência climática na Precipitação, no Índice de Aridez e no Índice de Precipitação Padronizada. Através da aplicação do teste de Mann-Kendall em séries históricas de pluviometria do período de 1965 a 2014 de 12 localidades, foram encontradas tendências negativas (de diminuição) com significância estatística de 95% para a precipitação e os índices de aridez e de precipitação padronizada de três postos pluviométricos situados na porção sul da bacia.
MOTIVOS DA NÃO ADESÃO DE CRIANÇAS À CAMPANHA DE VACINAÇÃO CONTRA A INFLUENZA
Authors: Siewert Josiane Steil , Clock Dayane , Mergner Poliana Giacomin , Da Rocha Patrícia Fernandes Albeirice , Da Rocha Marceli Diana Helfenstein Albeirice , Alvarez Angela Maria
Published: October 2018

Objetivo: conhecer os motivos da não adesão dos pais/responsáveis de crianças à campanha de vacinação contra ainfluenza. Método: pesquisa quantitativa, tipo descritiva. Critérios de inclusão: pais ou responsáveis de crianças de6 meses até 4 anos, residentes no município de Joinville. Foram entrevistados 380 responsáveis de crianças entre 6meses e 4 anos, por meio de questionário semiaberto, em 2016, e realizada análise descritiva dos dados. Resultados:a campanha atingiu a meta, com 89% das crianças vacinadas. Os motivos da não adesão à campanha foram: medoda reação adversa (21; 51,3%); informação de que a criança estava gripada (10; 24,3%); e desconhecimento sobre aCampanha cinco (12,4%). Conclusão: a enfermagem tem papel fundamental na elaboração, planejamento e execuçãodas campanhas de vacinação. Este estudo evidenciou a necessidade de melhorar as estratégias de educação em saúdereferentes à vacinação contra o vírus da influenza e ampliar o acesso na Atenção Primária.
Sambo’s Boys: The Rise and Fall of the New Orleans Jazz, 1974–79
Authors: Aiello Thomas
Published: October 2018

The New Orleans Jazz was founded by California restaurant owner Sam Battistone, whose chain of restaurants known as Sambo’s featured racist iconography in its establishments. Race too undoubtedly played a role in the demise of the Jazz, as it had in the dismantling of the Atlanta Hawks after its move from St. Louis, but such was not the team’s principal failing. Neither had race been the principal failing of the city’s American Basketball Association (ABA) predecessor, the Buccaneers. Ultimately, the Jazz was shaped by the histories of the Deep South’s first National Basketball Association team and its first ABA team. Racism and the foreignness of a “black sport” like professional basketball, then, combined with an overexuberant civic ideal that sought a place for New Orleans in the burgeoning Sunbelt by bringing in professional sports to bolster a reputation that the city was not ready to embrace.
Cuckoo Collins: The Crooked Path of a Nineteenth-Century Professional Sprinter
Authors: Lindell Lisa R.
Published: October 2018

The experiences of sprinter James “Cuckoo” Collins provide a frontline view into the history and popular perception of professional foot racing in late nineteenth-century America. Collins’s colorful career embodies both the openness and the excesses of this freewheeling chapter in track and field history and coincides with the final years of professional running as it transitioned to the more regulated and narrowed focus of amateurism. The convergent trajectory of an individual career and a once flourishing sport emerges through an examination of newspapers and other contemporary accounts, along with current scholarship on the rise and fall of pedestrianism.
Was Royce Christian?
Authors: Clendenning John
Published: October 2018

All of those acquainted with the philosophy of Josiah Royce know that he was—in both thought and person—intensely religious, but no one has explored this subject more profoundly and fruitfully than Frank Oppenheim. Throughout his scholarly career—spanning more than a half-century—Oppenheim has illuminated, more fully than any of his predecessors, the essential “Christian doctrine of life” that Royce professed: the interlaced triad of Loyalty, the Beloved Community, and the Realm of Grace. In what follows, I do not dispute Oppenheim’s interpretation of Royce’s religious philosophy. His sharp eye and rigorous scholarship have been constant guides in my research. However, I do approach this subject—as will be apparent—from a different viewpoint, one that I hope will complement Oppenheim’s enduring studies.
A rare complication of Port-A-Catheter fracture
Authors: Milyani Asmaa Adel , Alharbi Samah M. , Bustanji Nasser , Asaad Walid , Al-Agha Abdulmoein Eid
Published: October 2018

Background: Obtaining a central line access is an essential procedure that is necessary in various settings to facilitate the administration of medication. An implantable central line, also known as a portacath, is a subtype with a reservoir installed into a subcutaneous pocket and attached to a catheter.Case presentation: This is a case of a fractured portacath implanted for the administration of calcium in a two year old female resulting from high syringe pressure.Discussion: Complications range from immediate injury to vascular and surrounding structures to a delayed manifestation of infection and device malfunction. Catheter fracture in vivo is a very rare complication especially in the paediatric population.Conclusions: Appropriate size of syringe should be checked with the portacath manufacturer prior to use in order to avoid fracture as a result of high syringe pressure.
Metaphoric Perceptions of School Principals towards Physical Education Term
Authors: Araç Ilgar Ebru , Cihan Bekir Barış
Published: October 2018

Abstract It is very crucial to know how the notion of physical education is perceived by the Principals who are responsible for the school administration and to know the mission and visions they have put on these concepts. The aim of this study is to reveal the metaphoric perceptions of school Principals about physical education concept. The research group is consisted of 153 school principals in Ankara in 2017-2018 academic year. The datum is like “Physical Education is like .........., it is because .......” It was gathered with an open-ended survey containing the sentence. Content analysis technique was used in data analysis and interpretation. In this research, the data were analyzed under the headings of coding and sorting, category development, validity and reliability, data interpretation by taking into consideration the content analysis stages. Metaphors were gathered in 6 different categories as a result of the grouping formed according to the common characteristics of 66 metaphors produced by school Principals related to the concept of Physical Education. Among the metaphors produced by the school principals, it is seen that the most used ones are lesson, activity, power, socialization, discharge and need.  Keywords: school management, physical education, metaphor
Identification of Internet Usage and Dependency Level of Physical Education and Sport Teaching Students
Authors: Murathan Talha
Published: October 2018

The excessive internet usage that interrupts social relations, physical characteristics and mental conditions of individuals is called as internet addiction. At the previous studies, it is reported that university students are at risk of Internet addiction due to their uncontrolled lives without families and killing their time surfing the internet. The objective of this study is to identify the addiction level of university students’ internet usage within the framework of some variables. A total of 463 students, 194 girls and 269 boys, who study at different 7 Departments of Physical Education and Sport Teaching within School of Physical Education and Sports and Faculties of Sport Sciences, attended this study in 2016-2017 Academic Years. “Personal Information Form” is used to determine the internet addiction of students “Internet Addiction Scale” developed by Young (1998) and to determine the demographic features and the data regarding the internet usage. In this study, the risk average for internet addiction of students is determined 2.55. It has been observed that the individuals who addict the internet constitute 3.9% of my samples. It is confirmed that internet addiction of male students is considerably higher than female students. It is ascertained that students who have Internet and a social media account are under higher risk of internet addiction. It has been emerged that there is no significant relation between the age/ monthly income of the family and the internet addiction level.
Considerations on prospects for increasing the effectiveness of organizational management
Authors: Bucata George , Rizescu Alexandru - Marius
Published: October 2018

In order to remain competitive in the current market, organizations must change. There are several ways to accomplish changes by adapting to the market, and one of the most effective tools is adopting an efficient management and performance strategy. The process appears to be a managerial overview of interventions through which a manager provides, organizes, coordinates, and controls the decisions of their employees, for the attainment of unity in terms of economic profitability and social utility.
The Manchester Coded Data Based OFDM (MCOFDM)
Authors: Mazić Igor , Bonković Mirjana , Bjelopera Anamaria
Published: October 2018

This paper shows a new DWT based OFDM algorithm which significantly simplifies signal processing in the transmitter and receiver. Unlike conventional DWT based OFDM a new algorithm does not use digital modulation of subcarriers either IDWT in the transmitter. The output signal from the transmitter is formed by summing the signals on the individual subchannels, encoded with the Manchester code and sampled at appropriate frequencies. In the receiver, the channel signal and data is reconstructed using DWT and Haar wavelet. Although the signal transmission is achieved using amplitude modulation, the paper shows that BER performance is commensurable to BPSK or DMWT based OFDM in the presence of AWGN.
Environmental deformations dynamically shift the grid cell spatial metric
Authors: Keinath Alexandra T , Epstein Russell A , Balasubramanian Vijay
Published: October 2018

In familiar environments, the firing fields of entorhinal grid cells form regular triangular lattices. However, when the geometric shape of the environment is deformed, these time-averaged grid patterns are distorted in a grid scale-dependent and local manner. We hypothesized that this distortion in part reflects dynamic anchoring of the grid code to displaced boundaries, possibly through border cell-grid cell interactions. To test this hypothesis, we first reanalyzed two existing rodent grid rescaling datasets to identify previously unrecognized boundary-tethered shifts in grid phase that contribute to the appearance of rescaling. We then demonstrated in a computational model that boundary-tethered phase shifts, as well as scale-dependent and local distortions of the time-averaged grid pattern, could emerge from border-grid interactions without altering inherent grid scale. Together, these results demonstrate that environmental deformations induce history-dependent shifts in grid phase, and implicate border-grid interactions as a potential mechanism underlying these dynamics.
A Case Study Color as a Visual Language: Focused on TV Commercial
Authors: Muljosumarto Cindy
Published: October 2018

Color is an important element of a visual design, it also an essential element in a TV Commercial (TVC). This paper examined color as a ‘language’ to convey the TVC message to the audience, using Kobayashi’s Color Image Scale to be the color descriptor combined with psychological colors theory and some data from professionals. To gain more specific result the data also compared with an experimental method that has been done with a group of potential target audience of this product. The last step is an analysis and conclusion. The result will be a new finding about color function in advertising and hopefully could lead into new creative ideas of TVC ads.
Antara Pengrajin dan Desainer
Authors: Bangsa P. Gogor
Published: October 2018

Dunia desain mengenal beberapa metode desain dalam proses penciptaan karya desain. Metode-metode desain tersebut menjadi acuan cara kerja bagi para desainer. Sebagai contoh pembahasan adalah dalam penciptaan logo yang dilakukan oleh para desainer grafis otodidak di kecamatan Salaman, Magelang, desainer grafis profesional dan korporasi desain grafis dan dalam ranah akademik. Sebagai contoh kasus untuk perbandingan metode tersebut adalah fenomena kontes desain online dan pengerjaan logo dalam branding perusahaan multinasional oleh korporasi desain grafis
Faktor Terpenting dalam Membangun Unique Selling Proposition untuk Menjangkau Konsumen Kelas Menengah Indonesia
Authors: Anggrianto Christian , Shaari Nassiriah , Abdul Hamid Norsiah Binti
Published: October 2018

Indonesia mampu mencatat angka pertumbuhan ekonomi yang relatif tinggi dan konsisten meski dunia dilanda krisis keuangan global serta memiliki peningkatan angka konsumsi domestik yang kuat. Pertumbuhan kelas menengahnya membuat Indonesia menjadi salah satu negara berkembang yang menarik perhatian para Investor dan pebisnis, hal tersebut secara tidak langsung menimbulkan persaingan yang makin tajam untuk merebut pasar kelas menengah Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor terpenting dalam membangun unique selling proposition untuk menjangkau konsumen kelas menengah indonesia. Landasan teori penelitian ini adalah teori Unique selling proposition, postioning, branding, dan kelas menengah Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang akan digunakan adalah metode penelitian triangulasi, yang sering digunakan dalam penelitian sains sosial yang mengacu pada aplikasi dan kombinasi beberapa metode penelitian dalam studi fenomena yang sama, dan melakukan wawancara pada narasumber yang berpengalaman dalam bidang.
Bioimaging of Intact Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles Using Aggregation‐Caused Quenching Probes: Size‐Dependent Translocation via Oral Delivery
Authors: He Haisheng , Xie Yunchang , Lv Yongjiu , Qi Jianping , Dong Xiaochun , Zhao Weili , Wu Wei , Lu Yi
Published: October 2018

The limited information on biological fate impedes the development of more efficient polymeric nanoparticles for oral delivery of bio‐macromolecules. In this study, the in vivo fate as well as the trans‐epithelia transport of polycaprolactone (PCL) nanoparticles is explored by labeling with aggregation‐caused quenching probes, which is capable of identifying intact nanoparticles. Live imaging and confocal laser scan microscopy confirm size‐dependent absorption of PCL nanoparticles. In general, reducing particle size favors a faster and more oral absorption. Nanoparticles larger than 200 nm, such as 600 and 2000 nm, cannot be efficiently transported across the intestinal membrane. The absorbed nanoparticles (50 and 200 nm) mainly accumulate in the liver. Lymph may be the main absorption route for PCL nanoparticles, transporting 2.39 ± 1.81% and 0.98 ± 0.58% of administered 50 and 200 nm nanoparticles, respectively. Cellular uptake and transportation of PCL nanoparticles are also size dependent. Both enterocytes and M cells mediated transcytosis are involved in the transport of 50 nm PCL nanoparticles, while the M cell pathway is dominative for other nanoparticles. In conclusion, the study provides a valuable tool for bioimaging of intact polymeric nanoparticles as well as solid evidence supporting size‐dependent translocation of the nanoparticles via oral delivery.
Efficient Metal‐Free Electrocatalysts from N‐Doped Carbon Nanomaterials: Mono‐Doping and Co‐Doping
Authors: Gao Kun , Wang Bin , Tao Li , Cunning Benjamin V. , Zhang Zhipan , Wang Shuangyin , Ruoff Rodney S. , Qu Liangti
Published: October 2018

N‐doped carbon nanomaterials have rapidly grown as the most important metal‐free catalysts in a wide range of chemical and electrochemical reactions. This current report summarizes the latest advances in N‐doped carbon electrocatalysts prepared by N mono‐doping and co‐doping with other heteroatoms. The structure–performance relationship of these materials is subsequently rationalized and perspectives on developing more efficient and sustainable electrocatalysts from carbon nanomaterials are also suggested.
A Multilayer Film Based Selective Thermal Emitter for Infrared Stealth Technology
Authors: Peng Liang , Liu Dongqing , Cheng Haifeng , Zhou Shen , Zu Mei
Published: October 2018

Engineering the radiation characteristics for the design of selective thermal emitters has been a hot topic for decades and is of great value in the fields of thermophotovoltaic systems, radiative cooling, and infrared stealth. In this paper, a Ag/Ge multilayer film based selective emitter for infrared stealth is demonstrated using an ultrathin metal film and impedance matching to tune the radiation characteristics. Herein, a novel approach for infrared stealth that relies on the combination of emissivity (ε) reduction in the atmospheric windows (3–5 and 8–14 µm) and radiative cooling in a nonatmospheric window (5–8 µm) is proposed. The fabricated selective emitter has low emissivity (ε3‐5 µm = 0.18; ε8‐14 µm = 0.31) in the atmospheric windows for infrared “invisibility” and high emissivity (ε5‐8 µm = 0.82) outside the atmospheric window for radiative cooling and functions from ambient temperature to 200 °C. Compared with low‐emissivity materials, the selective emitter exhibits higher radiative cooling efficiency in vacuum and practical environments and presents lower apparent temperatures on infrared cameras. Moreover, the proposed selective emitter, with a planar and simple structure, is scalable, allowing flexible large‐area fabrication. The work demonstrates that selective emissive materials have promising applications in infrared stealth technology.
Electrochemical Dehydrogenative Cross‐Coupling of Quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones with Amines for the Synthesis of 3‐Aminoquinoxalinones
Authors: Li Ke‐Jing , Xu Kun , Liu Yong‐Guo , Zeng Cheng‐Chu , Sun Bao‐Guo
Published: October 2018

An efficient protocol for the synthesis of 3‐aminoquinoxalinones via the electrochemical dehydrogenative C‐3 amination of quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones was developed. With aliphatic amines and azoles as the nitrogen sources, a series of 3‐aminoquinoxalinones was obtained in up to 99% yield. This direct electrolytic method avoids the use of transition metals and external oxidants, and represents an appealing alternative for the synthesis of 3‐aminoquinoxalinones.

magnified image
Efficient Activation of Nanomechanical Resonators
Authors: Hafiz Md. Abdullah Al , Jaber Nizar , Kazmi Syed Naveed Riaz , Hasan Mohammad , Alsaleem Fadi , Younis Mohammad
Published: October 2018

Electrostatically transduced nano‐electromechanical system resonators operating in the very high and ultra‐high frequency bands are promising for many practical applications. However, electrostatically transduced nanoscale devices commonly suffer from poor transduction efficiency due to the reduced capacitive area for actuation and detection. Also, the requirement of ultra‐high actuation forces renders exploitation of their higher‐order vibration modes and the desirable nonlinear behaviors practically beyond reach. Hence, it is imperative to develop a methodology that efficiently actuates nano and sub‐micrometer scale highly stiff resonators with low voltages available in a standard integrated circuit. Here, the utilization of the passive voltage amplification across the inductor of an inductor–capacitor LC tank resonant circuit to efficiently actuate nanoresonators with high forcing amplitude is proposed and demonstrated. The proposed technique is simple and flexible in its implementation, and does not require any active electronic components. A forcing amplification up to 19 times (≈25 dB) is experimentally shown, which can be improved further by reducing the electrical damping in the tank circuit. In addition, two independent ports on the same device for force amplification are shown, which, if simultaneously activated, can increase the overall forcing amplitude by an order of magnitude exceeding hundreds of amplification gain.
Symmetry‐Broken Atom Configurations at Grain Boundaries and Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysis in Perovskite Oxides
Authors: Heo Yoon , Choi Seungkyu , Bak Jumi , Kim Hye‐Sung , Bae Hyung Bin , Chung Sung‐Yoon
Published: October 2018

A grain boundary forms as an internal interface when two crystalline grains with mutually different crystallographic orientations are in direct contact with each other. As a result, atomic arrangement at grain boundaries differs from that of the bulk, showing serious displacements deviating from the original symmetric positions. As these symmetry‐broken configurations are difficult to achieve in the bulk crystals, grain boundaries are considered distinctive platforms that can exhibit new physical properties. By using both sintered polycrystals with various grain sizes and thin films on bicrystal substrates, it is directly verified that surface‐terminating grain boundaries in LaCoO3 and LaMnO3 are exceptional in oxygen evolution electrocatalysis, showing more than an order of magnitude higher activity. A combination of atomic‐scale structure observation and density functional theory calculations demonstrates that the displacement of atoms in metal–oxygen octahedra correlates with significant splitting of the degenerate transition‐metal 3d orbitals, and subsequently much easier charge transfer between metals and oxygen is attained. In addition to identifying the grain boundaries as strikingly active sites, the findings suggest that symmetry breaking by atom displacements in metal–oxygen octahedra is an efficient approach to remarkably enhance the oxygen electrocatalytic efficiency in perovskite oxides.
PRICKLE1‐related early onset epileptic encephalopathy
Authors: Mastrangelo Mario , Tolve Manuela , Martinelli Martina , Di Noia Sofia P. , Parrini Elena , Leuzzi Vincenzo
Published: October 2018

The PRICKLE1 (Prickle Planar Cell Polarity Protein 1‐MIM 608500) gene is involved in different phases of human development. The related diseases include autosomal recessive progressive myoclonus epilepsy ‐ ataxia syndrome, neural tube defects associated with heterozygous mutations, agenesis of corpus callosum, polymicrogyria, and autistic spectrum disorder. Reported here is a young boy with a new variant (NM_153026.2:c.820G>A, p.Ala274Thr) presenting with an early infantile epileptic encephalopathy with developmental arrest.
Expanding the phenotype of MED 17 mutations: Description of two new cases and review of the literature
Authors: Agostini Annalisa , Marchetti Daniela , Izzi Claudia , Cocco Isabella , Pinelli Lorenzo , Accorsi Patrizia , Iascone Maria Rosaria , Giordano Lucio
Published: October 2018

We report the case of two siblings presenting with failure to thrive in early years, progressive microcephaly, moderate intellectual disability, developmental delay, ataxic gait and seizures with an identical EEG pattern, and minimal cerebellar atrophy. We ruled out the syndromic and metabolic causes of microcephaly and subsequently conducted a panel of genetic diagnostic tests, including the clinical exome sequencing which revealed compound heterozygous mutations in MED 17 gene in both patients. p.Glu16fs was found to be inherited from the mother and p.Gly253Arg from the father. This case along with review of the literature suggests that mutations in MED17 may define a phenotype characterized by progressive microcephaly, intellectual disability, seizures, cerebellar atrophy of variable degree, and ataxia. More cases are needed to define the phenotype–genotype correlation in MED17 mutations. However, basing on our findings, we recommend testing MED17 mutations in any patient presenting with two or more of the aforementioned signs and symptoms.
SPARC acts as a mediator of TGF‐β1 in promoting epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition in A549 and H1299 lung cancer cells
Authors: Sun Weichao , Feng Jianguo , Yi Qian , Xu Xichao , Chen Ying , Tang Liling
Published: October 2018

Migration and metastasis of tumor cells greatly contributes to the failure of cancer treatment. Recently, the extracellular protein secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has been reported closely related to tumorigenesis. Some articles have suggested that SPARC promoted metastasis in several highly metastatic tumors. However, there are also some studies shown that SPARC acted as an antitumor factor. SPARC‐induced epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in melanoma cells and promoted EMT in hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, the role of SPARC in tumorigenesis and its relationship with EMT is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the expression change of SPARC in A549 and H1299 lung cancer cells undergoing EMT process. Our study indicated that SPARC was upregulated in A549 and H1299 cells EMT process. We further investigated the function of SPARC on proliferation, migration, and EMT process of A549 and H1299 cells. Overexpression of SPARC promoted the migration and EMT of A549 and H1299 cells. Knockdown SPARC inhibited the EMT of A549 cells. Overexpression of SPARC induced the increased expression of p‐Akt and P‐ERK. Furthermore, exogenous SPARC peptide promoted transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1‐induced EMT of A549 and H1299 cells. SPARC knockdown partially eliminated TGF‐β1 function in inducing EMT of A549 cells. SPARC follistatin‐like functional domain reduced the expression of E‐cadherin, but had no effect on the expression of p‐Akt and p‐ERK. In conclusion, we elucidated that SPARC contributes to tumorigenesis by promoting migration and EMT of A549 and H1299 lung cancer cells. These results will provide some new suggestion for lung cancer treatment. © 2018 BioFactors, 44(5):453–464, 2018
Device closure of atrial septal defect with severe pulmonary hypertension in adults: Patient selection with early and intermediate term results
Authors: Dalvi Bharat , Jain Shreepal , Pinto Robin
Published: October 2018

Objective

To describe a subset of atrial septal defect (ASD) with severe pulmonary hypertension (PHT) that is suitable for closure.

Background

As per American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines, ASD with elevated pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) >2/3rd systemic is considered as a contraindication for closure.

Methods

Patients with anatomically large ASD measuring >25 mm and a high probability of reversible pulmonary vascular disease were subjected to fenestrated device closure, despite severe PHT and elevated PVR. They were discharged on pulmonary vasodilators and were followed for 39.5 ± 8.5 months. Four patients had repeat cardiac catheterization.

Results

Six patients underwent successful device closure of large ASD with severe PHT. Their basal Qp:Qs was 2.8 ± 0.3:1 while the systolic PAP and the PVR index (PVRI) were 102.6 ± 11.5 mm Hg and 9.6 ± 1.6 Wu m2, respectively. Post 100% oxygen inhalation, the Qp:Qs increased to 3.5 ± 0.3:1, systolic PAP remained 103.5 ± 7.6 mm Hg while the PVRI dropped to 5.4 ± 1.1 Wu m2. The postballoon occlusion systolic PAP decreased to 86.6 ± 8.8 mm Hg. At the last follow‐up, their pulmonary artery systolic pressure by tricuspid regurgitation (TR) jet decreased from 105.6 ± 12.6 mm Hg to 45 ± 7.0 mm Hg. During follow‐up cardiac catheterization (n = 4), the systolic PAP and PVRI were 55.7 ± 9.2 mm Hg and 3.2 ± 0.4, respectively.

Conclusions

Patients with anatomically big defect and a large left to right shunt at baseline with a high probability of reversible PVR benefit with ASD closure and pulmonary vasodilators, despite significantly elevated PAP and PVRI.
Clinical and angiographic outcomes of true vs. false lumen stenting of coronary chronic total occlusions: Insights from intravascular ultrasound
Authors: Sabbah Mahmoud , Tada Takeshi , Kadota Kazushige , Kubo Shunsuke , Otsuru Suguru , Hasegawa Daiji , Habara Seiji , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Fuku Yasushi , Goto Tsuyoshi
Published: October 2018

Objectives

The clinical implications of subintimal stenting (SS) of the recanalized chronic total occlusion (CTO) segment have not been characterized. We evaluated the in‐hospital and the long‐term clinical and angiographic outcomes of drug‐eluting stents (DESs) deployed in true vs. false lumen of successfully recanalized CTO.

Methods and results

Two independent reviewers analyzed the intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) images of 173 successfully recanalized CTO lesions (157 patients), between August 2011 and October 2012. After successful guidewire (GW) crossing, lesions were classified according to IVUS evaluation into two groups: (1) true lumen (TL) stenting group and (2) SS group; and compared with regards to in‐hospital and long‐term clinical outcomes. In 154 lesions, DESs were deployed in the TL; and in 19 (11%) lesions, DESs were deployed in the subintimal space (95% confidence interval: 6.3–15.6%). False GW tracking in the SS group resulted in increased rates of IVUS‐detected dissection flaps (84% vs. 42.6%, P ≤ 0.001), intramural hematoma (32 vs. 11%, P = 0.01), and minor perforations 6/19 (31.6% vs. 8.4%, P = 0.002). At 1‐year follow‐up, both groups had similar cumulative rates of binary restenosis and target lesion revascularization (P = 0.73 and P = 0.97, respectively). Six patients (4.6%, 6/129 patients) in the TL group and none in the subintimal group died at 1 year.

Conclusions

Acknowledging some limitations, our observations may suggest that, subintimal stent deployment in a recanalized CTO segments, using second generation DES and IVUS guidance, might have a comparable success rate and long‐term angiographic and clinical outcomes as TL stenting.
Design concept for cold bent shell structures made of thin glass
Authors: Nehring Gordon , Siebert Geralt
Published: October 2018

Spatial load bearing structures in the building sector are usually built with the help of aligned steel‐glass elements in the form of a net. The installed glass elements are flat and have a large glass thickness, in order to achieve sufficient plate stiffness. This implied a less economical use of materials. Nowadays, due to new manufacturing techniques it is possible to use resource saving materials, e.g. thin‐walled laminated safety glass (ttotal ≤ 5.38 mm). For this purpose, the thin‐walled laminated safety glass consists of thin glasses (t < 3 mm) and interlayer materials. The thin‐walled laminated safety glass is cold bent onto shaping frame girder elements (uniaxial or double curved) at the installation site with subsequent continuous supports. In general, this leads to a spatial load bearing capacity of the single element under pressure and suction loads. The process of cold bending is easily feasible due to the lower resetting effect of the thin‐walled laminate. For this case, a state of cold bending is activated in the glazing. With additional loading perpendicular to their shell level a state of loading is generated. To this, the load‐bearing capacity depends on many parameters (time‐ and temperature‐dependent material behaviour, geometry and supporting conditions). The aim of curved single elements is to achieve maximum geometric stiffness more specifically maximum static resistance ERd. For this reason, the influencing parameters were mathematically, numerically and experimentally investigated and discussed plus transferred to a design method for two exemplary cold bent structures (uniaxial or double curved).
Façade Brackets for Blast Enhancement
Authors: Wellershoff Frank , Förch Matthias , Lori Guido , Zobec Marc , Casucci Daniele , Grosser Philipp
Published: October 2018

Design requirements for bomb blast protection are a challenge for façade engineers because of complex interaction of various elements with different mass and nonlinear stiffness. There are different mitigation techniques available depending on the hazard rating. Rigid protecting structures are neither accepted by architectural design demands, nor by occupants who do not want to be affected by obvious protection in daily life. As a result, smart blast enhanced façade solutions that cannot be distinguished from conventional facades are required, being capable of providing the required safety level. With introduction of dissipative façade brackets the dynamic analysis of the MDOF system of the façade can be balanced due to beneficial inertia effects. The dissipative bracket attracts the blast wave energy in lieu of the glazing, so that a switch of the typical load chain becomes possible. The probability that the glazing remains in uncracked state increases while the dissipative bracket dissipates the energy. In addition, the reaction to the primary structure can be mitigated. Finally, the anchor channel that connects the bracket to the concrete slab can be designed to stay in the elastic range. This reduces the refurbishment costs after a blast event. Experimental test results of different crash absorbing materials, dissipative brackets, and anchor channels are used for the development of combined design charts for the selection of adequate brackets and anchor channels.
Design and Construction with Curved Glass
Authors: Fildhuth Thiemo , Schieber Roman , Oppe Matthias
Published: October 2018

Curved glass is increasingly used in modern architecture, driven by free‐form design, the desire for smooth, continuously curved facades and new or improved manufacturing methods. Permanent curvature is obtained by thermal bending, whereas elastic cold bending results in a reversible curved glass shape stabilized either by fixing upon a substructure or by lamination with shear‐stiff interlayers. However, for the application in building projects many mutually depending factors such as the achievable geometrical shape and curvature, glass dimensions, potential residual stress, load bearing behavior, applicability for IGUs, coating options, cost, necessary supports, lamination, interlayer type or the optical quality have to be respected. The present paper contributes to creating a design basis regarding the use of curved architectural glass by comparing the typical properties, assets and limitations of the above‐mentioned types and by illustrating their application through project examples.
Design of damage identification algorithm for mechanical structures based on convolutional neural network
Authors: Wang Guang
Published: October 2018

Damage identification, location, and estimation of engineering structures are very popular research topics in recent years. Structural damage detection technology has been widely used in aerospace, civil engineering, machinery, and nuclear industry. It is a multi‐disciplinary and comprehensive technology based on damage mechanism, sensor technology, signal analysis technology, computer technology, and convolutional intelligence technology. Compared with the traditional structural damage detection methods, this paper mainly studies the theory and application of structural damage detection technology based on convolutional neural network. In this paper, the damage location and damage degree of a frame structure are numerically simulated by the combined parameter method, which is suitable for structural damage identification. At the same time, the input parameters of the improved convolutional neural network are constructed by a suitable method, and the structure damage detection and identification are carried out by using the trained convolutional neural network.
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of the BACE1 Inhibitor Verubecestat (MK‐8931) in Healthy Japanese Adults: A Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Study
Authors: Chris Min K. , Dockendorf Marissa F. , Palcza John , Tseng Jack , Ma Lei , Stone Julie A. , Kleijn Huub J. , Hodsman Peter , Masuo Kazuko , Tanen Michael , Troyer Matthew D. , van Vugt Marianne , Forman Mark S.
Published: October 2018

β‐site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is required for the production of β‐amyloid (Aβ) peptides and is considered a potential treatment target for Alzheimer's disease (AD). To support Japan's participation in the global clinical development program, we characterized the safety, pharmacokinetics (PKs), and pharmacodynamics of the BACE1 inhibitor verubecestat (MK‐8931) in 24 healthy Japanese adults in a two‐part, single‐center, randomized, placebo‐controlled phase I trial (protocol MK‐8931‐007) and compared the results with historical data from non‐Japanese subjects. Both single (20, 100, and 450 mg) and multiple (80 and 150 mg once daily for 14 days) doses of verubecestat were well tolerated. Verubecestat's PK profile was similar in Japanese and non‐Japanese subjects. Verubecestat also reduced mean cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of the Aβ proteins Aβ40, Aβ42, and soluble β fragment of amyloid precursor protein; the level of reduction was comparable between Japanese and non‐Japanese subjects. These results support the continued global development of verubecestat as a potential disease‐modifying agent for Japanese and non‐Japanese subjects who are at risk for developing AD.
Carbon nanotube/metal oxide dispersed poly(ortho‐aminophenol) as a ternary nanocomposite film: Facile electrosynthesis, surface characterization, and electrochemical pseudocapacitive performance
Authors: Ehsani A. , Bigdeloo M. , Lorparizangene A. , Hadi M. , Safari R. , Mohammad Shiri H. , Heidari A.A.
Published: October 2018

In this work, CNT‐NiCo2O4 was first synthesized via a chemical strategy in order to fabricate the ternary nanocomposite of a p‐type conductive polymer. Subsequently, hybrid poly(o‐aminophenol) POAP/CNT‐NiCo2O4 ternary composite films were prepared via the electropolymerization of POAP in the presence of CNT‐NiCo2O4 to be used in electrochemical storage devices as the active electrode. Electrochemical analyses including galvanostatic charge–discharge experiments, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were conducted to study the system performance. Furthermore, surface analyses were carried out to characterize the POAP/CNT‐NiCo2O4 composite film. Novel nanocomposite materials with the merits of extraordinarily high active surface area, ease of fabrication, and superior stability in aqueous electrolytes are presented for use in electrochemical redox capacitors.
Recommendation for terminology: Nodules without arterial phase hyperenhancement and with hepatobiliary phase hypointensity in chronic liver disease
Authors: Motosugi Utaroh , Murakami Takamichi , Lee Jeong Min , Fowler Kathryn J. , Heiken Jay P. , Sirlin Claude B. ,   for the LI‐RADS HBA Working Group
Published: October 2018

Level of Evidence: 5

Technical Efficacy Stage: 3

J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1169–1171.
Spatiotemporal patterns of snow depth within the Swiss‐Austrian Alps for the past half century (1961 to 2012) and linkages to climate change
Authors: Schöner Wolfgang , Koch Roland , Matulla Christoph , Marty Christoph , Tilg Anna‐Maria
Published: October 2018

Our current knowledge on multi‐decadal to centennial changes of snow in different parts of the world is based largely on observations of snow depth and depth of snowfall from national weather and hydrographic services. Studies analysing these snow observations in the European Alps are predominantly based on national data and are therefore limited by their respective borders in the detection of robust, spatiotemporal snow trends. In order to overcome this limitation, data from Austria and Switzerland, which cover a substantial fraction of the Alps when taken together, are merged for this study (196 station‐records). Additionally, it is the first time that such an analysis is based on homogenized data. Our homogenization study shows that, although the detection of breaks in snow depth series works quite well with the existing methods, further research is needed to adequately correct snow depth series at a daily resolution. Roughly, 70% (139 station‐records) of the snow depth series could be homogenized and are used for further trend analysis. The findings concern seven climatologically different areas that are identified by a regionalization (using empirical orthogonal functions) using station records from 1961 to 2012. These regions share a high degree of inner similarity and outer separation, and the temporal trends detected are rather different across the Swiss‐Austrian domain. Regions in the south show a clear decrease in the snow depth of up to −12 cm/decade on average, while those in the northeast are characterized by almost no change. The declining trend in the southern regions intensifies as altitude increases. Comparisons of these variations in depth changes with concurrent changes in air temperature and precipitation totals reveal a clear dichotomy with respect to elevation. Snow depths in low elevated areas are highly sensitive to air temperature changes, whereas those at high elevations strongly depend on alterations in precipitation totals.
Method for quantitative assessment of acetabular bone defects
Authors: Hettich Georg , Schierjott Ronja A. , Ramm Heiko , Graichen Heiko , Jansson Volkmar , Rudert Maximilian , Traina Francesco , Grupp Thomas M.
Published: October 2018

The objective of the study was to suggest a novel quantitative assessment of acetabular bone defects based on a statistical shape model, validate the method, and present preliminary results. Two exemplary CT‐data sets with acetabular bone defects were segmented to obtain a solid model of each defect pelvis. The pathological areas around the acetabulum were excluded and a statistical shape model was fitted to the remaining healthy bone structures. The excluded areas were extrapolated such that a solid model of the native pelvis per specimen resulted (i.e., each pelvis without defect). The validity of the reconstruction was tested by a leave‐one‐out study. Validation results showed median reconstruction errors of 3.0 mm for center of rotation, 1.7 mm for acetabulum diameter, 2.1° for inclination, 2.5° for anteversion, and 3.3 mm3 for bone volume around the acetabulum. By applying Boolean operations on the solid models of defect and native pelvis, bone loss and bone formation in four different sectors were assessed. For both analyzed specimens, bone loss and bone formation per sector were calculated and were consistent with the visual impression. In specimen_1 bone loss was predominant in the medial wall (10.8 ml; 79%), in specimen_2 in the posterior column (15.6 ml; 46%). This study showed the feasibility of a quantitative assessment of acetabular bone defects using a statistical shape model‐based reconstruction method. Validation results showed acceptable reconstruction accuracy, also when less healthy bone remains. The method could potentially be used for implant development, pre‐clinical testing, pre‐operative planning, and intra‐operative navigation. © 2018 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research® Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 9999:1–9, 2018.
Radiographic cortical thickness parameters as predictors of rotational alignment in proximal femur fractures: A cadaveric study
Authors: Zeckey Christian , Bogusch Miriam , Borkovec Martin , Becker Christopher A. , Neuerburg Carl , Weidert Simon , Suero Eduardo M. , Böcker Wolfgang , Greiner Axel , Kammerlander Christian
Published: October 2018

Radiographic assessment tools such as the cortical step sign (CSS) or the diameter difference sign (DDS) aim to identify clinically relevant rotational malalignment after long bone fracture fixation. We aimed to analyze the effect of rotational malalignment on CSS and DDS parameters in a subtrochanteric fracture model and to construct a prognostic model to identify clinically relevant rotational malalignment. A subtrochanteric transverse osteotomy was set in human femora. Rotation was set stepwise from 0° to 30° in internal and external rotation. Images were obtained using a C‐arm and transferred for measuring the medial cortical thickness (MCT), lateral cortical thickness (LCT), femoral diameter (FD) in AP and the anterior cortical thickness (ACT) as well as the posterior cortical thickness (PCT) and the FD of the proximal and the distal main fragment. There were significant differences between the various levels of rotation for each of the absolute values of the evaluated variables. MCT, PCT and FD (AP & lat.) were the most affected parameters. In internal rotation, the MCT, PCT and the FD were the most affected variables. The parameters with the highest correlation with femoral rotation were ACT, PCT and FD. A model combining ACT, LCT, PCT and FD AP was most suitable model in identifying rotational malalignment. The best prediction of clinically relevant rotational malalignment was obtained with the FD and the PCT. The CSS and the DDS are promising tools for detecting rotational deformities of the proximal femur and should be used intra‐ and postoperatively. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res