bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A systematic review to determine the presence and effectiveness of shared decision making interventions for airway clearance techniques in adults with bronchiectasis
Authors:   Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK, McCallion Paul ,   The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK, Butler Jennifer ,   The Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK, Moloney Susan ,   Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK, Bradley Judy ,   School of Medicine, Dentristy and Biomedical Sciences, Wellcome Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Nothern Ireland, UK, DeSoyza Anthony ,   Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
Published: November 2022

Background Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung disorder, impaired muco-ciliary clearance and sputum retention are core elements in bronchiectasis pathophysiology. Airway clearance is regarded as the cornerstone of therapy in bronchiectasis. There is currently a lack of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) proving the efficacy of one specific airway clearance technique (ACT) over another. Shared decision-making (SDM) interventions are usually designed for situations where there is some uncertainty about the best treatment option and provide information about the advantages and disadvantages in as balanced a way as possible. Aims To determine if and how SDM is used when choosing ACTs for adults with bronchiectasis. To determine the effectiveness of SDM when choosing ACTs for adults with bronchiectasis. Effectiveness will be measured using clinical and patient outcomes including: exacerbation frequency, hospitalisation, adverse events and mortality, patient adherence, health related quality of life, patient preference and acceptance. Objectives To systematically search and identify all studies that include the use of SDM in ACTs in adults with bronchiectasis. To critically appraise and synthesise studies to provide a summary of the effectiveness on the use of SDM in ACTs in adults with bronchiectasis. Search criteria The following electronic databases were searched: CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. No limit was set for publication date. The review was limited to English language publications only. Results No studies were identified for inclusion in the review. Limitations With no studies meeting criteria for inclusion, it may appear to offer no conclusions or offer conclusions not based on evidence and may seem disappointing among some clinicians and policymakers. We argue that this empty review remains important and highlights a major research gap and has identified the state of the evidence at this point in time in SDM for ACTs in bronchiectasis. Conclusions Bronchiectasis is an increasingly prevalent disease. ACTs are the cornerstone of bronchiectasis management. We have presented clear justification for further research for development of a SDM intervention for ACTs in adults with bronchiectasis.
An exploration of patient perspectives and experiences of a 6-week outpatient rehabilitation programme following critical illness: A qualitative study
Authors: Brown Hannah
Published: November 2022

With improvements in medical health care, the likelihood of surviving critical illness is increasing. However, surviving critical illness can have long-term detrimental effects on physical and functional ability, alongside psychological implications. To address these long-term effects, outpatient rehabilitation programmes following discharge from critical care have been developed. There is therefore a need to explore the perspectives and experiences of those individuals that have participated in these programmes. The findings can support in continuing to develop such programmes. Objective To gain insight into patients’ perspectives and experiences of attending a 6-week outpatient rehabilitation programme following critical illness and to explore patients’ thoughts regarding its impact upon function and quality of life. Methods Ten of the potential 15 participants who completed the critical care rehabilitation programme in 2018 met the inclusion criteria. A total of five participants were available and consented to attend a focus group in February 2019. Findings Using thematic analysis, 3 main themes were identified: (1) barriers to exercise post critical illness; (2) benefits of the programme; (3) timings of the programme. Sub-themes were also identified within these. Conclusion Participants had an overall positive experience of the critical care rehabilitation programme and felt that this service is beneficial and needed for all of those who survive critical illness. Further exploration as to the timing of commencement following hospital discharge and the frequency and durations of the programmes is recommended.
Characteristics and therapy needs of COVID-19 survivors during an enhanced therapy service provision between critical care and discharge: A service evaluation
Authors:   School of Population Health & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London University, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK, Sayer Katie , Church Daniel ,   Barts Health NHS Trust, The Royal Hospital, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 1BB, UK, Grady Amelia ,   Barts Health NHS Trust, The Royal Hospital, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 1BB, UK, Thomas Amanda ,   Barts Health NHS Trust, The Royal Hospital, Whitechapel Road, London, E1 1BB, UK
Published: November 2022

Background There was a significant change in therapy structure at the Royal London Hospital in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This provided us with an opportunity to review the therapy interventions given to survivors between critical care and hospital discharge. Aims To describe the therapy needs and characteristics of COVID-19 survivors between critical care and acute hospital discharge during enhanced service provision. Method Notes screened retrospectively (30th March and 31st May 2020) and therapy interventions coded to allow a temporal analysis. This included 21 individual interventions provided by physiotherapists, occupational therapists and therapy support workers. Results Thirty-five patients were included. Demographics: 71% were male, average age was 53 (±13.7) and 55% identified as Black, Asian or Minority Ethnic (BAME). The mean length of stay was 23 days (±16.3). Critical care background: mean intubation time 13.6 (±6.4), 51% were delirious, 71% received oxygen therapy and three patients required tracheostomies. The mean Chelsea Critical Care Physical Assessment (CPAX) score was 30 (±11.3) following critical care. Therapy Interventions: 170 sessions were completed with a mean of 4.85 (±5). Mean time from step down to discharge was 9.74 days (±9.4). 57% returned to independence with the mean improvement of 9.7 (±8.7) on the CPAx score. Conclusion This descriptive analysis has helped the team gain a greater understanding of the therapy needs of COVID-19 survivors following a critical care admission and identified areas for development within the team. It has also demonstrated the resilience of the inpatient therapy team and redeployed staff in response to the first peak of the pandemic. Future work will explore the establishment of a critical care step down pathway to help establish individual rehabilitation complexity and therapy needs.
Physiotherapy-led awake proning for a frail elderly patients with COVID-19: A case study
Authors: Kelliher Trudy , Burke Aoife , O'Connell Kevin , Newell Evelyn , McNicholas Bairbe
Published: November 2022

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can cause significant damage to the lungs, potentially resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (Weatherald et al. 2020). An adjunct of treatment for this is awake proning to improve oxygenation and may prevent intubation (Paul et al. 2020). This case report describes a self-ventilating 85-year-old gentleman with COVID-19 and acute hypoxemia, who experienced significant improvements in oxygenation with proning. His ceiling of care was high flow oxygen therapy (HFNC) on the ward and it was deemed clinically appropriate to commence a trial of physiotherapy led awake proning. Although the patient failed to meet the criteria outlined by the Intensive Care Society (ICS) guidelines for awake proning, after multi-disciplinary (MDT) discussion, it was felt a trial of awake proning should be piloted in the patient’s best interest. He was on 15L oxygen via non-rebreather mask for a number of days as he was acutely delirious and not tolerating HFNC. With proning, an average reduction in oxygen of nearly 20% was noted with an increase in SpO2 of 4.6%. Over a 3-week period his oxygen requirements and saturation levels improved dramatically which could be assosicated with awake proning. Our case study illustrates that awake proning can form a vital part of the COVID-19 management plan. It played a crucial role in the patient’s recovery despite not meeting the criteria set out by the ICS. This highlights that guidelines are recommendations and need to be considered on a case-to-case basis along with clinical judgement and MDT discussion.
D- and z- values of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica, and Listeria monocytogenes in Heated Orange Juice
Authors: Pagal Gladess , Gabriel Alonzo
Published: November 2022

This study was conducted to determine the decimal reduction times (D) and the thermal resistance parameter (z) values of relevant foodborne pathogens linked with fruit juice consumption – namely Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica, and Listeria monocytogenes. Cocktails of different strains of the same bacterial species were prepared and thereafter subjected to thermal inactivation studies at 50, 53, 55, 57, and 60 °C heating temperatures in orange juice. Survivor populations were determined by surface-plating onto a non-selective medium, after which the inactivation behavior and kinetic parameters were determined. Results showed that for all tested organisms, the D-values significantly (P < 0.05) decreased with increasing heating temperature. In all heating temperatures, E. coli O157:H7 exhibited the significantly greatest heat resistance, with D-values ranging from 324.60 s to 95.12 s. At 50 °C, L. monocytogenes (D-values 152.32 s to 11.84 s) was significantly more resistant than S. enterica (D-values 106.55 s to 19.29 s). At higher heating temperatures, the D-values of S. enterica and L. monocytogenes were not significantly different (P > 0.05). The calculated z-values significantly varied across the test organisms, which ranged from 9.40 °C (L. monocytogenes) to 18.78 °C (E. coli O157:H7). These results may be used in the establishment of new, and validation of existing, thermal process schedules to ensure safety against the test pathogens.
Low-cost Recovery of Bromelain Solids from Industrial Pineapple Peel, Pulp, and Core Wastes Using Ethanolic Cashew Leaf Polyphenol
Authors: Dolino Le Grande , Montecastro Doris , Basilio Antonio
Published: November 2022

Bromelain, a valuable protease present in all parts of the pineapple fruit, was previously shown to be separated from pineapple juice and protected by complexation with polyphenols. This study aimed to establish a simple, low-cost procedure for the collection of solids with bromelain using industrial pineapple waste and polyphenols extracted from cashew leaf. An alternative method was introduced that allows for solids that have higher protease activities from pineapple core and pulp to be obtained from pineapple extract compared to typical extraction and purification methods. Using this modified method, solids were obtained from pineapple waste with the following protease activities: 5343 CDU/g (core), 5147 CDU/g (peel), and 5732 CDU/g (pulp). Given the simplicity and low cost of the procedure, this method can be of benefit to smaller pineapple producers who could profit from obtaining an otherwise expensive material using their production’s waste.
Impact of Water Pollution in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Inbaraj J. Jacob Stanley , Kannappan A.
Published: November 2022

Water resource is one of the important natural resources it essential for the survival of living organisms. The adequate safe water is essential to human lives and it is required in day to day life. Water pollution may take place due to natural causes such as silt carried by run-off, organic wastes of plants and animals, minerals leaching through soils, thermal pollution and algal blooms. In most of the developing countries are being polluted beyond their capacity because of high population growth. Increasing the urbanization and industrialization has reason for create a very large point of water pollution. Agro – based industries has seriously damaged surface water quality’s, even in many rivers and groundwater has been contaminated. Polluted water is like poison for human beings. A large number of diseases in Tamil Nadu can attributed to drinking of sewage mixed water. Various diseases like polio, cholera, patches, jaundice, fever, viral fever etc are spread through polluted water.
A Comparative Analysis of Solid Waste Management in Rural and Urban Areas of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Karthikeyan R. , Rani S. Usha
Published: November 2022

This paper will discuss the problem of environmental pollution and waste management. Everything that surrounds us is directly or indirectly connected to the environment. Not only the man, but also other living beings as well as the nature (volcanic eruption)
Mitigating the Risk of Disaster Through Community Engagement and Disaster Preparedness Training – With a Special Reference to Samiyarpettai- A Model Village at Cuddalore District, Tamilnadu
Authors: Jayabalan Rajan
Published: November 2022

This paper analyses; how the community based approach and orientation on Disaster mitigation and preparedness program has tremendously helped the communities to survive through the course of natural calamities, such as Tsunami. Furthermore, the paper engages to study the effectiveness of community engagement and their active participation in the Disaster mitigation management program. In turn how, the program devolved the community members to take precautionary action and as a result to safe guard their lives from the perilous disaster situations. Taking the” Samiyarpettai” – a small marine village exist in coastal line of Cuddalore district, Tamilnadu, as a special reference. And how the initiative in disaster management training to the people of Samiyarpettai has empowered to survive when tidal waves of tsunami struck the village in 2004,Dec
3 - Moving forward to African Monetary Integration: Lessons from the CFA Franc
Authors: Sylla Ndongo Samba
Published: November 2022

The CFA franc was established in 1945 as a colonial currency. As such, its rationale was to transfer economic surpluses from the French colonies in West and Central Africa to the metropolis. Despite formal decolonisation, this currency shared by 14 countries still performs the same function and remains under the political control of the French government. Recently, the CFA franc has been increasingly challenged by a growing number of African intellectuals and Pan-Africanist social movements demanding its abolition. The objective of this article is to derive lessons about African monetary integration, building on this special but heuristic case. Following a brief history of the CFA franc currency arrangement and a description of its economic shortcomings, this article discusses the options for moving out of the monetary status quo. The author argues that, in the current circumstances, a system of solidary national currencies is the best way forward for African monetary integration.

Ndongo Samba Sylla, Rosa Luxemburg Foundation, Dakar, Senegal. Email: ndongo.sylla@rosalux.org
2 - Acquiring Pedagogic Authority While Learning to Teach
Authors: McDonald Zahraa , Sayed Yusuf , De Kock Tarryn , Hoffmann Nimi
Published: November 2022

The quality of an education system and the quality of its teachers and teaching are interconnected. Learning to teach and teach meaningfully and equitably is a core priority of education reforms. In this article we reflect on what the process of learning to teach might mean for teachers in an education system. We ask how and to what extent initial teacher education mitigates and reduces education inequities. In particular, we examine the relationship between teaching practice as a core component of initial teacher education and education inequities. The article draws on data examining the nature of student teachers’ experiences of teaching practice in the Western Cape of South Africa. We argue that the data illustrates that teaching practice does indeed invest future teachers with pedagogic authority. As such, it does indeed legitimate the position of student teachers in the classroom and within the education system, albeit with varying and differentiated outcomes for equity.

Zahraa McDonald, University of Johannesburg, South Africa. Email: zahraamcdonald@hotmail.com

Yusuf Sayed, University of Sussex and Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Email: sayed.cite@gmail.com

Tarryn de Kock, Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC), South Africa. Email: tarryngabidekock@gmail.com

Nimi Hoffmann, University of Sussex and Cape Peninsula University of Technology. Email: nimi.hoffmann@gmail.com
7 - Confrontations des « grammaires » de la « participation » communautaire en contexte d’urgence sanitaire d’Ebola en Guinée-Conakry
Authors: Faye Sylvain Landry
Published: November 2022

Cet article rend compte de la diversité des manières d’écrire, de faire, de parler de la participation communautaire dans la lutte contre Ebola en République de Guinée, souligne leurs paradoxes et éclaire la compréhension des réactions violentes observées lors de l’épidémie. Les données sont tirées d’une recherche anthropologique sur les expériences sociales de lutte contre l’épidémie d’Ebola (2015 à 2017) à Coyah, Forécariah et Conakry. Les résultats indiquent que les populations ont été mobilisées par les organisations internationales ou par l’entremise d’organisations communautaires pour réaliser des activités d’engagement communautaire. Cette grammaire officielle ne les a pas réellement engagées dans la lutte parce que ses ontologies de base ne favorisent pas les principes de l’agentisation et de la membralité. Elle a plutôt exacerbé les inégalités que contribué à développer leurs capacités d’initiative et pouvoir de résilience. D’un autre côté, diverses communautés ont pris des initiatives et se sont auto-organisées, de manière plus revendicative, critique, que collaborative. Cette grammaire pragmatique est l’affirmation d’un besoin de reconnaissance et les réactions dites de « réticence » rappellent les revendications de pouvoir des malades voulant être des acteurs et non de simples patients de leur maladie.

Sylvain Landry Faye, Professeur Titulaire des Universités, Socio-Anthropologue, Département de Sociologie, Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines (FLSH), Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar, Sénégal. Email : fayesylvain@yahoo.fr ; sylvain.faye@ucad.edu.sn
relações sociais de travestis e mulheres transgênero em favela de uma cidade metropolitana brasileira registradas pelo Ecomapa
Authors: Gonçalves Gabriela Persio , Lima Eloísa Helena de
Published: November 2022

Introdução: A Organização Mundial da Saúde tem trabalhado com a premissa da equidade com respeito universal pela dignidade humana, assumindo o compromisso de “não deixar ninguém para trás”, e por esse motivo direciona um olhar especial para a população de lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, transgêneros, queer e intersexuais. Sabe-se que a população transgênero é especialmente atingida por diversos estigmas sociais que impactam seu processo de saúde e adoecimento. Entendendo a Atenção Primária à Saúde como espaço primordial para a garantia de direitos dessa população, é necessário que os Centros de Saúde intensifiquem os esforços para acolher essas pessoas; um passo importante pode ser entender como é seu relacionamento familiar e sua inserção comunitária. Objetivo: Auxiliar na construção da visibilidade das representações que as mulheres transgênero e travestis assistidas em um Centro de Saúde têm sobre suas relações sociais. Métodos: Foram entrevistadas as travestis e mulheres transgênero moradoras de comunidade assistida pelo Centro de Saúde. As entrevistas foram feitas em profundidade e com a elaboração de ecomapa, sistematizadas com as participantes e posteriormente enviadas para sua aprovação. Os ecomapas individuais foram sintetizados em um único. Resultados: Todas as cinco travestis e mulheres transgênero que residiam na área foram entrevistadas. A média de idade foi de 27,5 anos. Sobre a autodeclaração de raça/cor, uma é branca, duas são pardas e duas, negras. Duas encontravam-se com vínculo de trabalho formal e três sem ocupação. Quatro apresentavam ensino médio completo e uma, ensino fundamental incompleto, conforme indicado na Tabela 1. Para a maioria das travestis e mulheres trans dessa comunidade, é notável o suporte familiar como ponto de apoio. No que concerne a equipamentos de proteção social, o mais citado foi a Defensoria Pública, uma organização não governamental e o Centro de Referência da Assistência Social. Todas fazem seu acompanhamento no Centro de Saúde, e uma referiu estar mais afastada por não ter demanda. A religiosidade candomblecista também foi fator de suporte para duas das entrevistadas. A maior dificuldade foi relativa à empregabilidade, com relatos de situações de transfobia. Uma das entrevistadas identificou que tem um problema relacionado à drogadição. Conclusões: Ainda há muito a evoluir em políticas públicas que promovam equidade e saúde para as mulheres trans e travestis, especialmente na garantia de cuidados com a saúde, de incentivos à empregabilidade trans e de combate à transfobia, porém as mulheres da comunidade estudada e suas famílias indicam-nos como o acolhimento e o apoio podem ser fatores diferenciais nessas trajetórias de vida.
Evaluation of citrus fiber as a natural alternative to sodium tripolyphosphate in marinated boneless broiler chicken breast and inside beef skirt (transversus abdominis)
Authors: Howard Kendal R. , Runyan Cheyenne L. , Poe Allen B. , Cassens Andrew M. , Kinman Lea A.
Published: November 2022

Objective: This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of citrus fiber (CF) as a natural alternative to sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) in marinated broiler boneless chicken breast and inside beef skirt on overall retention rate, shear force, and consumer sensory attributes.Methods: Five different marinade formulations were targeted to include 0.9% salt, either 0.25% or 0.50% STPP or CF and water on a finished product basis. Water and salt only were considered the negative control (CON). Chicken breasts (n = 14) and inside beef skirt (n = 14) were randomly assigned to a treatment, raw weights recorded and then placed in a vacuum tumbler. Marinated weights were recorded, individually packed, and randomly assigned to either retail display for 10-day retention rate, shear force analysis, cook loss, or consumer sensory panel.Results: Pickup percentage, and overall retention was similar among treatments for chicken breast and inside beef skirt. Citrus fiber treatments resulted in higher cooking loss compared to the CON in chicken breast; though, CF050 resulted in similar cooking loss compared to STPP025 in inside beef skirt. No differences were found in sensory attributes for chicken breast, however, WBSF data showed CF025 was tougher than CF050, STPP050, and CON. Inside beef skirt with CF050 were least liked overall by the consumer panel.Conclusion: Citrus fiber included in marinades at a lower percentage rate can produce similar texture characteristics, and sensory properties compared with those marinated with STPP.
Monitoring changes in the genetic structure of Brown Tsaiya duck selected for feeding efficiency by microsatellite markers
Authors: Chang Yi-Ying , Liu Hsiu-Chou , Chen Chih-Feng
Published: November 2022

Objective: Few studies have genetically monitored chickens over time, and no research has been conducted on ducks. To ensure the sustainable management of key duck breeds, we used microsatellite markers to monitor Brown Tsaiya ducks over time genetically.Methods: The second, fourth, sixth to eighth generations of the Brown Tsaiya duck selected for feeding efficiency and control lines were included in this study to investigate the genetic variations, effective population size, population structure and the differentiation between populations over time with 11 microsatellite markers derived from Brown Tsaiya duck.Results: The results showed there were a slight decrease in the genetic variations and an increase in within-population inbreeding coefficient (FIS) in both lines, but no consistent increase in FIS was observed in each line. The effective population size in the second and eighth generations was 27.2 for the selected line and 23.9 for the control line. The change in allele richness showed a downward trend over time, and the selected line was slightly lower than the control line in each generation. The number of private alleles (Np) in the selected line were higher than in the control line. Moderate differentiation was observed between the second and eighth generations in the selected line (FST = 0.0510) and the control line (FST = 0.0606). Overall, differentiation tended to increase with each generation, but genetic variation and structure did not change considerably after six generations in the two lines.Conclusion: This study provides a reference for poultry conservation and helps to implement cross-generation genetic monitoring and breeding plans in other duck breeds or lines to promote sustainable management.
SAMVEL ANETSI EXTRACTS FROM THE WORKS OF HISTORIANS FOR IDENTIFYING CHRONOLOGY FROM ANCIENT TO PRESENT TIMES
Authors: Hayrapetyan Anahit
Published: November 2022

Առաջին անգամ տպագրւում է ԺԲ. դարի պատմիչ Սամուէլ Անեցու «Հաւաքմունք ի գրոց պատմագրաց յաղագս գիւտի ժամանակաց անցելոց մինչեւ ի ներկայս ծայրաքաղ արարեալ» ժամանակագրութեան հեղինակային համեմատական բնագիրը: Սամուէլ Անեցու այս երկը Հայոց պատմութեան կարեւոր սկզբնաղբիւրներից է. սկսւում է Ադամից եւ հասնում մինչեւ 1163 (լրացումներով՝ 1173) թուականը:
Dominica Kwéyòl Orthography
Authors:   Kreyolis Dominikè - Manm Konmite pou Etid Kweyol, Rabess Gregory
Published: November 2022

Using the Orthography In recent years, with the advent of social media, there is evidence of greater use of written Kwéyòl, for example, in messaging and chat applications. There is also a more significant presence and visibility of Kwéyòl on signage, posters, billboards, banners, brochures, product labels, and other promotion or identification material. Kwéyòl texts are seen on buses (bus identification), other private vehicles, and in public spaces as graffiti. Occasionally one would find articles, special features, and even front page headlines in various newspapers in Kweyol. There is also an increased presence of Kwéyòl hymns in religious service pamphlets and handouts. The music industry, too, is driving the use of written Kwéyòl. This is seen in CD album covers, liner notes, music videos especially lyric videos, print, and other music/artiste promotional material. In the broader entertainment industry, there is greater use of Kwéyòl for naming and branding music and entertainment events and festivals. All these examples highlight diverse situations and practical reasons for using Kwéyòl texts. This also reflects a new awareness and a more positive attitude to Kwéyòl among the population. At the same time, there is often no adherence to the standard orthography hence the need to promote the standard orthography.
Levolisyon lortograf Kreol Seselwa
Authors:   Liniversite Sesel, Vel Aneesa , Lespoir Reuban ,   Lenstiti Formasyon Ansenyan Sesel
Published: November 2022

Seychelles creole, a language that was officialized in 1978, is one of the first creole languages to receive the status of language and to become a written language. This fully fledged language with its orthography, grammar, lexicon has gone through some changes since the first written document was published in this language. Since then, much has been done to standardize, modernize and keep track of what is going with and within this language. Furthermore, this French-based creole with a heavy influence of English has evolved as both a spoken and a written language. This evolution is more obvious in writing when it comes to adapting to the orthography and existing phonetic system of the language with the different phenomena brought about by language contact. In this article we take a look at what has been happening with the language across the century since the first written text in creole and also to shed some light on the problems related to the current and standard orthography. Key words: phonemic orthography, Seychellois Creole, linguistic evolution, written language, anglicism.
Yon istwa òtograf kreyòl ayisyen
Authors:   City University of New York (CUNY), Saint-Fort Hugues
Published: November 2022

Atik sa a bay yon apèsi sou istwa òtograf lang kreyòl ayisyen (Kreyòl). Li divize an 3 pati. Premye pati a fè yon rale tou piti sou ki jan yo te konn ekri kreyòl sou tan lakoloni, epi li eksplore ki jan yo te ekri kreyòl sòti nan ane 1940 yo pou rive nan mitan ane 1950 yo. Dezyèm pati a konsidere devlòpman òtograf kreyòl pandan ane 1950 yo jiska ane 1980. Twazyèm pati a etidye evolisyon òtograf kreyòl depi ane 1980 jiska epòk kontanporen an. Istwa sa a montre evolisyon yon òtograf ki, malgre enfliyans ekriti lang franse nan sosyete ayisyen an ansanm avèk yon kontèks sosyal difisil, reyisi tounen yon veritab sistèm grafik regilye, otonòm, epi fasil pou tout moun aprann san pwoblèm. Mo kle: Òtograf fonemik/fonolojik, fonèm, grafèm, refòm òtografik, lang kreyòl ayisyen.
Mitbestimmung, Corona und Soziale Klasse
Authors: Niehoff Steffen , Holst Hajo
Published: November 2022

Auf der Basis der 3. und 4. Erhebungsrunde des Arbeitswelt-Monitors „Arbeiten in der Corona-Krise“ untersucht der Beitrag, wie abhängig Beschäftigte den Umgang ihrer betrieblichen Interessenvertretung mit der Pandemie erleben. Insgesamt zeigt sich eine Mehrheit der Arbeitenden zufrieden mit dem Pandemiehandeln der Betriebs- und Personalräte. Sie machen die Erfahrung, dass die Betriebs- und Personalräte auch in der Pandemie ein offenes Ohr für ihre Sorgen und Nöte haben und ihre Interessen vertreten. Zugleich weisen die Mitbestimmungserfahrungen aber auch deutliche Klassenungleichheiten (Oesch) auf: Mit den qualifizierten Dienstleistenden, den Routine-Dienstleistenden und den Routine-Arbeiter*innen bewerten gerade jene Klassen die Responsivität und Repräsentativität der Interessenvertretungen signifikant schlechter und zeigen sich seltener zufrieden mit dem Betriebs- und Personalratshandeln, die auch von den negativen Arbeitsfolgen der Pandemie stärker betroffen sind. Die Ergebnisse sind nicht nur wissenschaftlich von Interesse, sondern auch von mitbestimmungspolitischer Relevanz, verstärken die Teilhabedefizite in der Mitbestimmungsarena doch tendenziell die arbeitsweltlichen Benachteiligungen der unteren Klassen in der Pandemie.
Bedside Fluorescence Microangiography for Frostbite Diagnosis in the Emergency Department
Authors: Raleigh Sarah , Samson Margot , Nygaard Rachel , Endorf Fredrick , Walter Joseph , Masters Thomas
Published: November 2022

Frostbite leads to progressive ischemia eventually causing tissue necrosis if not quickly reversed. Patients with frostbite tend to present to the emergency department (ED) for assessment and treatment. Acute management includes rewarming, pain management, and (when indicated) thrombolytic therapy. Thrombolytic therapy in severe frostbite injury may decrease rates of amputation and improve patient outcomes. Fluorescence microangiography (FMA) has been used to distinguish between perfused and non-perfused tissue. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential role of FMA in the acute care of patients with frostbite, specifically its role as a tool to identify perfusion deficit following severe frostbite injury, and to explore its role in time to tissue plasminogen activator (tPA).

Methods: This retrospective analysis included all patients from December 2020–March 2021 who received FMA in a single ED as part of their initial frostbite evaluation. In total, 42 patients presented to the ED with concern for frostbite and were evaluated using FMA.

Results: Mean time from arrival in the ED to FMA was 46.3 minutes. Of the 42 patients, 14 had clinically significant perfusion deficits noted on FMA and received tPA. Mean time to tPA (measured from ED arrival to administration of tPA) for these patients was 117.4 minutes. This is significantly faster than average historical times at our institution of 240-300 minutes.

Conclusion: Bedside FMA provides objective information regarding perfusion deficits and allows for faster decision-making and improved times to tPA. Fluorescence microangiography shows promise for quick and efficient evaluation of perfusion deficits in frostbite-injured patients. This could lead to faster tPA administration and potentially greater rates of tissue salvage after severe frostbite injury.
Effects of Emergency Transfer Coordination Center on Length of Stay of Critically Ill Patients in the Emergency Department
Authors: Moon Sun Wook , Lee Ji Hwan , Lee Hyun Sim , Kim Ha Yan , Lee Myeongjee , Park Incheol , Chung Hyun Soo , Kim Ji Hoon
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Critically ill patients are frequently transferred from other hospitals to the emergency departments (ED) of tertiary hospitals. Due to the unforeseen transfer, the ED length of stay (LOS) of the patient is likely to be prolonged in addition to other potentially adverse effects. In this study we sought to confirm whether the establishment of an organized unit — the Emergency Transfer Coordination Center (ETCC) — to systematically coordinate emergency transfers would be effective in reducing the ED LOS of transferred, critically ill patients.

Methods: The present study is a retrospective observational study focusing on patients who were transferred from other hospitals and admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of the ED in a tertiary hospital located in northwestern Seoul, the capital city of South Korea, from January 2019 – December 2020. The exposure variable of the study was ETCC approval before transfer, and ED LOS was the primary outcome. We used propensity score matching for comparison between the group with ETCC approval and the control group.

Results: Included in the study were 1,097 patients admitted to the ICU after being transferred from other hospitals, of whom 306 (27.9%) were transferred with ETCC approval. The median ED LOS in the ETCC-approved group was significantly reduced to 277 minutes compared to 385 minutes in the group without ETCC approval. The ETCC had a greater effect on reducing evaluation time than boarding time, which was the same for populations with different clinical features.

Conclusion: An ETCC can be effective in systematically reducing the ED LOS of critically ill patients who are transferred from other hospitals to tertiary hospitals that are experiencing severe crowding.
Opioid Analgesic Use After an Acute Pain Visit: Evidence from a Urolithiasis Patient Cohort
Authors: Wentz Anna , Wang Ralph , Marshall Brandon , Shireman Theresa , Liu Tao , Merchant Roland
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Urolithiasis causes severe acute pain and is commonly treated with opioid analgesics in the emergency department (ED). We examined opioid analgesic use after episodes of acute pain.

Methods: Using data from a longitudinal trial of ED patients with urolithiasis, we constructed multivariable models to estimate the adjusted probability of opioid analgesic use 3, 7, 30, and 90 days after ED discharge. We used multiple imputation to account for missing data and weighting to account for the propensity to be prescribed an opioid analgesic at ED discharge. We used weighted multivariable regression to compare longitudinal opioid analgesic use for those prescribed vs not prescribed an opioid analgesic at discharge, stratified by reported pain at ED discharge.

Results: Among 892 adult ED patients with urolithiasis, 79% were prescribed an opioid analgesic at ED discharge. Regardless of reporting pain at ED discharge, those who were prescribed an opioid analgesic were significantly more likely to report using it one, three, and seven days after the visit in weighted multivariable analysis. Among those who were not prescribed an opioid analgesic, an estimated 21% (not reporting pain at ED discharge) and 30% (reporting pain at discharge) reported opioid analgesic use at day three. Among those prescribed an opioid analgesic, 49% (no pain at discharge) and 52% (with pain at discharge) reported using an opioid analgesic at day three.

Conclusion: Urolithiasis patients who received an opioid analgesic at ED discharge were more likely to continue using an opioid analgesic than those who did not receive a prescription at the initial visit, despite the time-limited nature of urolithiasis.
Worsening COVID-19 Disease Course After Surgical Trauma: A Case Series
Authors: Cuypers Quinten , Vandebergh Vincent , Stessel Bjorn , Callebaut Ina , Depauw Ilse , Saldien Vera , Vrancken Dirk
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Current guidelines from the American Society of Anesthesiologists recommend postponing elective surgery on COVID-19-positive patients for a minimum of four to twelve weeks. However, literature focusing on the outcomes of COVID-19-positive patients undergoing surgery is scarce. In this case series, the outcome of asymptomatic COVID-19 patients undergoing acute or semi-urgent surgery was evaluated. Case Presentation: A case series of four patients between 32 and 82 years old with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection undergoing acute or semi-urgent surgery was presented here. All four patients were asymptomatic for COVID-19, developing severe respiratory failure following endo CABG, caesarian section, a thyroidectomy, or abdominal surgery. ICU admission, together with invasive ventilation, was necessary for all patients. Two patients required venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment. A mortality of 50% was observed. Conclusions: In conclusion, the present case series suggests that elective surgery in asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infected patients might elicit an exacerbated COVID-19 disease course. This study endorses the current international guidelines recommending postponing elective surgery for SARS-CoV-2-positive patients for seven weeks, depending on the severity of the surgery and perioperative morbidities, to minimize postoperative mortality.
Evaluation of Umbilical Cord Thickness and Its Association with Antenatal Maternal Risk Factors: A Cross Sectional Prospective Study
Authors: Narayan Jaiprakash , Bangalia Deepali , Charan Laxman Singh , Sonkariya Satyendr , Barolia Dinesh Kumar , Garg Pukhraj
Published: November 2022

Background: We measure the umbilical cord thickness of newborn just after delivery with digital Vernier caliper and correlate the association with antenatal maternal risk factors. This helps the pediatricians to predict which newborn need close monitoring. Objectives: The aim of indexed study to evaluate the umbilical cord thickness, maternal antenatal risk factors and determines the association between umbilical cord thickness and antenatal maternal risk factors. Methods: This is a cross sectional prospective study conducted between 2020 and 2021 at Rajkiya Mahila Chikitsalaya, J L N Medical College, Ajmer, India. Total 303 newborn subjected for this study. Out of these 189 newborn enrolled as control group for this study. Enrolment of sample was simple as our convenience during the study period. Results: Mean umbilical cord diameter was found smaller in newborns which associated with antenatal risk factors as compared to controls without antenatal risk factors (cases: 9.89 ± 2.53 mm; controls: 10.56 ± 2.26 mm) and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.03). Oligohydramnios and meconium-stained liquor were found to be associated with the smaller umbilical cord diameter (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Oligohydramnios and meconium-stained liquor were found to be significantly associated with the thin umbilical cord.
Detection of Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamases (ESBLs), Carbapenemase, Metallo-β-lactamase Production Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in Hospitalized Patients with Ventilator-associated Pneumonia
Authors: Riyahi Zaniani Fatemeh , Moazen Javad , Anaam Marzieh
Published: November 2022

Background: Due to the increase in microbial resistance, nosocomial multidrug resistance infections, including ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), are presently one of the main causes of death in hospitals since they are difficult to treat. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the bacterial etiology of VAP and their microbial resistance pattern in Dezful Hospital, southwest of Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 131 bacterial isolates were isolated from the respiratory secretions of the patients with VAP in ICU wards. Antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) of all isolates was carried out after the identification. Then the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), carbapenemase, and metallobetalactamase were identified by phenotyping and genotyping. Results: The most frequent isolates were Staphylococcus aureus (30.5%), Acinetobacter baumannii (25.2%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (24.4%). All strains of S. aureus were sensitive to vancomycin, ticoplanin, quinupristin-dalfopristin, and linezolid. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella showed high resistance to cephalosporins. More than 93% of Acinetobacter isolates were resistant to carbapenem and quinolones. The overall prevalence of ESBLs and carbapenemase producing bacteria were 80.43% and 73.6%, respectively. The most frequent ESBLs gene was blaCTX-M gene (78.3%) followed by blaAMP-C gene (67.5%), blaSHV gene (64.8%), and blaTEM gene (54%). Conclusions: In sum, there was a possibility that the treatment of nosocomial multidrug resistant infections such as VAP would become a major challenge. Therefore, it was recommended that AST results should always be considered when selecting the appropriate treatment regimen. Furthermore, it was found important to emphasize the principles of antibiotic stewardship and to constantly monitor the pattern of microbial susceptibility.
Bioética Ambiental e a Proteção Animal: identificando ruídos de comunicação
Authors: Luciane Fischer Marta , Bicudo Molinari Renata
Published: November 2022

A Proteção animal tem composto as pautas do Ativismo, Academia e Público leigo.Embora comunguem de interesse comum, diferenças de linguagem culminam emconcepções distorcidas, potencializado conflitos e atrasando as mudanças. Objetivouse identificar a representação destes atores a respeito uns dos outros e sobre si,indicando concepção idealizada e negativa da Ciência, realista e positiva para oAtivismo e realista negativa para o Público leigo. As representações condicionadas aogênero, nível de ensino e área de moradia, indicaram uma imprecisão do papel decada ator atestando a existência de ruídos na comunicação e conclamando por umaferramenta como a Bioética Ambiental que promova a educação e paute as decisõesno valor intrínseco do animal não humano.
Coronavirus COVID-19. Aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio. Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Ruax Lucas
Published: November 2022

Resumen fotográfico del aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio por la Pandemia Coronavirus COVID-19 en la ciudad de Córdoba, Argentina.
Gravidez na adolescência: perfil sociodemográfico de adolescentes grávidas no período de 2015 até 2019
Authors: Andrade de Souza Melo Tayná , Tadeu Gomes André , Fernando Antunes Gomes Lucas , Da Penha Herculano Débora , Morceli Glilciane , Da Cunha Januário Gabriela
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: analisar o perfil sociodemográfico de adolescentes grávidas no Brasil entre os anos de 2015 até 2019. Método: estudo transversal descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, proveniente do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. A análise de dados utilizou frequências absolutas e relativas (%). Resultados: foram registradas 2.405.248 adolescentes grávidas. A maioria das gestações ocorreram em meninas de 15 a 19 anos (95,2%), de cor parda (65,4%), solteiras (64,9%), com 8 a 11 anos de instrução materna (66,9%). Quanto as características da gestação, 98,7% foram gravidez única, com duração de 37 a 41 semanas (81,7%) e tipo de parto vaginal (61,2%). A análise temporal apresentou queda de 2015 a 2019. Conclusão: a gravidez na adolescência constitui-se como um evento complexo em que a atenção deve abordar um contexto biopsicossocial.  Assim, delinear o perfil sociodemográfico dessas adolescentes é necessário, pois possibilita conhecer a população em estudo e suas condições de vulnerabilidade.
Case Study of Polygamy in the Old Kingdom
Authors: McCorquodale Kim
Published: November 2022

The tomb of Metjetji, which was dismantled before 1947, depicts two “eldest sons” on the entrance doorway thicknesses. The presence of two eldest sons is usually an indicator of the premature death of the chronological eldest son with the second son taking over the role or an indicator that the tomb owner had more than one wife—either through death, divorce, or polygamy. Both Goedicke and Kaplony argued for the death of the eldest son, although they disagreed on which son died. Kaplony based his assumptions about the family on the groupings of the children on the entrance, but he incorrectly identified the left and right doorway thicknesses. Careful reexamination of the iconography of the children shows that Metjetji depicts two separate groups of children, as do many tomb owners who have more than one wife. He appears to have had two wives concurrently, practicing polygamy as his unidentified wife had both the eldest and the youngest of the children shown at the entrance to the tomb.

 

تصورمقبرةمثثي،التيتمتفكيكهاقبلعام1947،الإبنينالكبيرينعندالمدخل.عادةمايكونوجوداثنينمنالأبناءالبكرمؤ ًشراعلىالوفاة المبكرة للابن الأكبر حسب الترتيب الزمني مع تولي الابن الثاني الدور أو مؤشر على أن صاحب المقبرة كان لديه أكثر من زوجة - إما بسبب الوفاة أو الطلاق أو تعدد الزوجات. رجح كل من جوديكا وكابلوني فكرة موت الابن الأكبر، على الرغم من أنهما اختلفا حول الابن الذي توفى. بنى كابلوني افتراضاته عن عائلة مثثي على مناظر تجمعات الأطفال عند المدخل، لكنه حدد بشكل غير صحيح سماكة المدخل الأيمن والأيسر. تظهر إعادة الفحص الدقيق للمناظر التي تمثل الأطفال بالمقبرة أن مثثي يصور مجموعتين منفصلتين من الأطفال، كما يفعل العديد من أصحاب المقابر الذين لديهم أكثر من زوجة واحدة. يبدو أنه كان لديه زوجتان في نفس الوقت، مما يعني أن مثثي كان يمارس تعدد الزوجات لأن زوجته

المجهولة الهوية هي أم كل من الأبن الأكبر والأصغر عند مدخل المقبرة.
Crossing the Gates of tA-Dsr
Authors: Pellini Jos´é Roberto
Published: November 2022

The scenes of the Sacred District are characterized by the presence of a group of buildings that appear in a compact form and where there is no activity of human agents or of the deceased. According to some scholars, the scenes refer to the Butic funerary rituals. The purpose of this text is to present a study of the scenes of the Sacred District comparing those in Theban Tomb 123 to other Theban tombs. The article also proposes to think of images not as representations, but as alternative forms of existence that set in motion a series of affective flows. The affective flows generated by the encounters between bodies, allowed the dead person to leave his state of latency and become a manifest being.

 

تتميز مشاهد الحي المقدس بوجود مجموعة من المباني التي تظهر بشكل مدمج ولا يوجد فيها نشاط للبشر أو للمتوفى. وبحسب بعض العلماء، تشير المشاهد إلى ما يعرف ب»الطقوس الجنائزية البوتية». الغرض من هذا البحث هو تقديم دراسة لمشاهد الحي المقدس ومقارنة تلكالموجودةفيمقبرةبمTT123قابرأخرىفيمدينةطيبة.تقترحالدراسةأيًضاالتفكيرفيالصورليسعلىأنهاتمثيلات،ولكنكأشكالبديلة

للوجود التي تطلق سلسلة من النتائج. سمحت تلك النتائج للميت أن يترك حالة الكمون ليصبح كائ ًنا له وجود واضح.