bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smart specialization of regions as an innovative vector of industrial policy
Authors: Nosyriev Oleksandr
Published: January 2023

It is proven that the country’s post-war recovery policy should take into account previous development miscalculations, and the recovery itself should be considered as a “window of opportunity” for the formation of a new highly productive and high-tech “smart” and “green” economy, an important component of which should be modern industry. It is substantiated that smart specialization involves not so much the stimulation of innovations as the activation of long-term structural changes in the region’s economy with an orientation to the future, that is, the formation of such a policy that will enable the region to occupy important niches in global markets. The experience of implementing the strategy of smart specialization in the European Union is considered. Together with the development of entrepreneurship and the cluster structure of industry, it is part of the economic decentralization of Ukraine. Attention is focused on the fact that, against the background of a slight increase in the share of high-tech industries in the overall structure of the country’s industry, there is a decrease in the specific weight of medium-tech industries and an increase in the share of low-tech industries. The results of the application of the smart approach to the strategic planning of the development of regions should be the modernization of industry and its transition to a new technological structure, the activation of the innovative technological and “digital” potential of the territories. The necessity of implementing the concept of smart specialization for effective synergistic use of public investments, supporting countries/regions in building their innovation potential while simultaneously focusing limited human and financial resources on several competitive areas in order to promote economic growth has been proven. Ways to achieve and tasks of implementing the smart specialization approach in the national economic strategy are systematized. The strategic vectors of ensuring sustainable development and smart specialization of industry are substantiated.
MARY JEAN CHAN’İN “ANNE KIZININ BEDENİNİN DERİNLİKLERİNDE KENDİ KIZLIK GÜNLERİNDEN KALMA EL DEĞMEMİŞ, YİTİK BAŞLANGIÇLARINI BULUR” ADLI ŞİİRİNİN ANA KATLİ EDİMİ VE KADIN PSİKOLOJİSİ BAĞLAMINDA İRDELENMESİ
Authors: Yemez Öznur
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışma, Hong Konglu şair Mary Jean Chan’in “Annenin kızının bedeninin derinliklerinde kendi kızlık günlerinden kalma el değmemiş, yitik yanlarını bulmasıdır” adlı şiirini ana katli edimi ve kadın psikolojisi kavramları bakımından ele almaktadır. Otobiyografik detaylar içeren ve tarihsel yazarın kuir olduğunu itiraf etmesi üzerine annesiyle bozulan ilişkisini yeniden düzeltme umuduyla kaleme aldığı anlatı anne ve kız arasındaki başından beri sorunlu olan ilişkiyi ve çatışmayı konu edinmektedir. Bu bakımdan çalışma, örtük yazarın aslında ana katli ediminde başarısızlığa uğradığından bütüncül bir öznellik inşa edemediği ve bu nedenle anne nesnesi ve imgesini bir yitim olarak değil, bir eksiklik olarak deneyimlediğini ileri sürmektedir. Kendini annenin bir nesnesi olarak tanımlayan örtük yazar sembolikte katlini gerçekleştiremediği anneyi semiyotik düzlemde kelimelerle tekrar elde etmeye çalışmakta ve böylece öznellik inşa etmeyi ummakta, bir bakıma hak ettiğine inandığı ideal annenin de dolaylı olarak yasını tutmaktadır. Semiyotik düzlem şiirsel söylem aracılığıyla özneye anaç bir zemin sunmakta ve örtük yazar ürettiği anlatıyla annenin şefkatini ve sevgisini nevrotik bir biçimde geri kazanmaya çalışmaktadır. Çalışma, Horney’in kadın psikolojisi ve Kristeva’nın ana katli kavramlarını baz almaktadır. Buna göre, anneyle aşırı özdeşleşim yaşama ya da özdeşleşim kuramama ana katlinin başarısızlığa uğramasından kaynaklanmakta ve örtük yazar kuir olmasından dolayı suçluluk hissetmesini ya da anneye karşı duyduğu ontolojik kırgınlığı anneyi aşamadığı için deneyimlemektedir.
REPRESENTATIONS OF FOOD AND SEXUALITY IN GEOFFREY CHAUCER’S FABLIAUX
Authors: Pekşen Yakar Azime
Published: January 2023

This paper aims to analyze Chaucer’s use of food as a sexual metaphor in the carnal universe of his fabliaux, namely, The Miller’s Tale, The Reeve’s Tale, and The Merchant’s Tale. Fabliaux usually narrate the adulterous relationship revolving around a young wife, her old husband, and a young virile man. Therefore, sex plays an essential part in the dynamics of these tales. This paper argues that food is both associated with female characters’ sexual escapades in a positive way denoting their sexual power and also reveals their husbands’ unsuccessful efforts to satisfy their young wives sexually. Thus, metaphors of food implicitly reflect the husbands’ impotence because of old age. In this regard, this paper engages with Chaucer’s subversive use of food in The Miller’s Tale, The Reeve’s Tale, and The Merchant’s Tale and investigates how Chaucer overturns the gendered power struggle between wife and husband with regard to their sexual activities by employing metaphors of food.
ALİNİN BİRİ ROMANINDA TOPLUMSAL MESELELER
Authors: Şeker Aziz , Akdağ İnan
Published: January 2023

Toplumcu gerçekçi edebiyat, toplum meselelerini işleyen bir yaklaşımı benimser. Toplumsal yapıda yaşanan sosyal sorunlar, sosyal-ekonomik eşitsizlikler, yoksulluk gibi konular genel olarak toplumcu gerçekçi edebiyat türlerinde işlenir. Bu edebiyatın önemli bir yanını ise toplumsal gerçeklere eğilen romanlar oluşturur. Son yıllarda eserleri gündeme gelen Fahri Erdinç de toplumcu gerçekçi edebiyatın bir temsilcisi olarak yaşadığı toplumun sorunlarını romanlarına taşımıştır. Ege coğrafyasında yetişmiş olması romanlarında Eğe bölgesinde yaşanan sosyal olguları malzeme olarak kullanmasını sağlamıştır. Bu açıdan Ege’de geçen Alinin Biri romanı belli bir tarihsel dönemde yaşanan sosyal ilişkileri roman kahramanı Ali’den hareketle verir. Ayrıca roman, Tek Parti döneminin sonları ile Demokrat Parti’nin iktidara geldiği süreçte Daylım köyünde yaşanan ağa-köylü çelişkisine dikkat çekerken değişen siyasal iktidarın kırsal toplumsal yapıdaki yansımalarına odaklanır. Bu çalışmada, Alinin Biri romanı edebiyat sosyolojisinin olanaklarıyla çözümlenirken dönemin tarihsel ve toplumsal koşullarının kırsal toplumsal yapıda ortaya çıkardığı toplumsal meseleler değerlendirilmiştir.
İNANÇ TURİZMİ KAVRAMININ TARİHSEL UYGULAMALARINA BİR ÖRNEK: İNKUBASYON
Authors: Uygun Yazıcı Selda
Published: January 2023

Çalışmada, Antik çağ ve Bizans dünyasındaki "inkubasyon" uygulamaları, literatürdeki tanımlamalara dayanarak "inanç turizmi" kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. İnkubasyon, en genel tanımla, rüya ile tedavi olarak açıklanabilir. Rüya sırasında veya rüyanın etkisiyle tedavi olmak, iyileşmek; inancın sağladığı gücün tesiriyle mümkün olabilir. Rüyaya yatılacak yerin kutsal mekan; rüyayı yorumlayan kişinin din görevlisi olması gerekir. İnsanlar, maddi dünyada çektikleri acıları maneviyat ile gidermeyi umarlar. Bu doğrultuda Antik dünyada Asklepieionlar, Bizans’ta da kiliseler bu amaca hizmet eden yapılar olarak karşımıza çıkar. Belirli ritüellere göre yapılan uygulamaların insanlar tarafından her yüzyılda tercih ediliyor olması inanç turizmi içerisinde değerlendirildiğinde; geçmişin izlerini sürmek, benzerlik ve farklılıklarıyla buluştukları ortaklığı anlamak açısından önemlidir. İnkubasyon’un dinsel geçerliliği ve uygulamanın mekânsal açılımı öznelinde örnekler bulacağınız bu çalışma, inanç turizminin nedenselliğine başka bir açıdan bakabilmeyi amaçlar.
Relación del patrón de crecimiento maxilo mandibular vertical y sagital con el ancho faringeo
Authors: González Campoverde Lorena , García Abad Rafael Eduardo , Soto Cantero Luis
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: relacionar el patrón de crecimiento maxilo mandibular vertical y sagital con el ancho faríngeo en pacientes de 8 a 20 años de la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador. Materiales y métodos: estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, relacional, retrospectivo de corte transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 400 radiografías cefálicas laterales de pacientes de 8 a 20 años, se determinó el biotipofacial mediante el índice de Vert, la clase esqueletal mediante el ángulo ANB y el ancho faríngeo mediante el análisis de McNamara. Resultados: se observó el ancho faríngeo superior e inferior aumentados en la clase esqueletal III, seguido de la clase I y clase II, con una correlación muy baja entre los anchos faríngeos y la clase esqueletal y biotipofacial, con significancia estadística entre la clase esqueletal y el ancho faríngeo (p≤0,05). Conclusiones: se determinó correlación muy baja entre el ancho faríngeo, clase esqueletal, y el biotipofacial.
Inclinación del incisivo inferior respecto al biotipo facial en radiografías cefálicas laterales en pacientes de 8 a 20 años en la ciudad de Cuenca- Ecuador, durante el periodo abril junio 2021
Authors: Cualchi Albarracín Samantha , González Campoverde Lorena , García Abad Rafael
Published: January 2023

Los incisivos centrales inferiores (ICI) tienen un papel importante dentro de la oclusión dentaria debido a que su inclinación en el arco inferior es indispensable dentro del diagnóstico y la planificación del tratamiento ya que determinan la estabilidad, función masticatoria, la armonía y el balance facial. Objetivo: Relacionar la inclinación del incisivo inferior respecto al biotipo facial en radiografías cefálicas laterales en pacientes de 8 a 20 años en la ciudad de Cuenca- Ecuador, durante el periodo abril junio 2021. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio de carácter descriptivo, documental y retrospectivo. La muestra estuvo constituida de 390 radiografías laterales de cráneo según los criterios inclusión y exclusión, se utilizó el análisis cefalométrico de Ricketts para la identificación del biotipo facial e inclinación del ICI y la cefalometría de Steiner para la obtención de la clase esqueletal, posteriormente se realizó estadística inferencial. Resultados: se obtuvo que la relación entre la inclinación de los ICI con respecto al biotipo facial no es estadísticamente significativa (p< 0,05) (r= -0,054). Sin embargo, el estudio demuestra que el sexo femenino presenta una mayor frecuencia especialmente a los 16 años, en cuanto a la prevalencia el biotipo dolicofacial es representativo en un 41,5%, al igual que la clase esqueletal I en un 48,9% e inclinación normal en un 52,8%. Conclusión: Se determinó que, de acuerdo con la población estudiada el ICI no presenta relación respecto al biotipo facial.
El silencio administrativo negativo en los recursos extraordinarios de revisión según el COA, frente al derecho de recibir respuestas motivadas
Authors: Domínguez Cruz Johana Maricela
Published: January 2023

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto realizar un análisis desde el ámbito administrativo y constitucional sobre la aplicabilidad del artículo 234 del Código Orgánico Administrativo (COA) que regula el silencio administrativo negativo dentro del recurso extraordinario de revisión, ya que en esta norma legal se incluyó la denegación tácita; es decir, que si la entidad pública no responde el pedido de un ciudadano, la solicitud se entenderá negada al administrado, problemática que se viene presentando en la actualidad en Ministerios entre otras  entidades públicas a las cuales se les ha conferido  la potestad de  sustanciar y tramitar recursos extraordinarios de revisión. En la investigación a través de la aplicación de los métodos: jurídico-doctrinal y jurídico-analítico y utilizando los tipos de estudio: descriptivo, explicativo y no experimental, con un enfoque cualitativo, se ha llegado a la conclusión de que el silencio administrativo negativo en los recursos extraordinarios de revisión según el COA, si vulnera el derecho constitucional de petición y de recibir respuestas motivadas que se encuentra establecido en el artículo 66 numeral 23 de la Constitución de la República del Ecuador, así como también limita el derecho constitucional a recurrir, por cuanto, con la negativa tácita, el ciudadano y su defensa técnica no podrá conocer los motivos por los cuales su recurso fue negado, lo cual incide negativamente para fundamentar su impugnación y ejercer el derecho a la defensa ante el superior, lo cual se deja en evidencia en la presente investigación.).
Inovasi Pendidikan Karakter dalam Mengatasi Learning Loss pada Masa Transisi Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Amalia Rizkia , Nurbayani Siti , Malihah Elly
Published: January 2023

This study aims to describe character education innovations in overcoming learning loss during the transition period of the Covid-19 pandemic. This research used a case study method with a qualitative approach. The selection of this informant used a purposive sampling technique. Direct observation, structured interviews, and documentation were used to collect data. Data analysis techniques were used in the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. According to the findings of this study, innovations in overcoming Learning Loss included (1) home visits which aim to learn more about the obstacles students face and to establish cooperation with parents, (2) emergency face-to-face learning to assist students who were unable to do online learning and (3) Assignments in groups that aimed to arouse the spirit of motivation in learning and raise the value of student responsibility.
Efektivitas Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Mandiri Perdesaan (PNPM-MP) Dalam Meningkatkan Perekonomian Masyarakat
Authors: Ardajaya I Gusti Lanang
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses pelaksanaan PNPM-MP dalam meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat khusus Simpan Pinjam kelompok Perempuan (SPP) dan dampak PNPM-MP dalam meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat khusus Simpan Pinjam kelompok Perempuan (SPP) di Dusun Belencong Desa Midang Kecamatan Gunungsari. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, karena penelitian berupaya untuk menggambarkan fenomena atau gejala-gejala yang terjadi di lingkungan masyarakat kaitan dengan pelaksanaan PNPM-MP dan dampak ekonomi masyarakat yang ditimbulkannya. Hasil penelitian ini adalah dengan adanya SPP ini perekonomian masyarakat khususnya para anggota kelompok SPP di Dusun Belencong menjadi meningkat. Terutama kaum ibu-ibu yang menjadi anggota SPP tersebut, mereka mengaku sangatlah terbantu dengan pinjaman tambahan modal dari SPP tersebut, dari usahanya yang akan mulai bangkrut bisa terbantu dengan pinjaman tambahan modal yang didapat dari SPP, sehingga usahanya bisa lancar kembali dan perekonomian keluarga bisa lebih sejahtera lagi. Hal ini dapat kita lihat dari terpenuhinya kebutuhan mendasar keluarga seperti kebutuhan akan makanan, pakaian, pendidikan dan biaya kesehatan.Kata Kunci: PNPM Mandiri Perdesaan, Perekonomian Masyarakat.
Evaluasi Implementasi Program Pendidikan Kesetaraan Paket B di Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat (PKBM) Al-Kautsar Kota Mataram
Authors: Maskun Maskun
Published: January 2023

Evaluasi program adalah keseluruhan kegiatan baik berupa pengukuran maupun penilaian (pengukuran data dan informasi), pengolahan, penafsiran dan pertimbangan untuk membuat keputusan untuk mengetahui pencapaian tujuan program yang telah dilaksanakan selanjutnya hasil evaluasi program digunakan sebagai dasar untuk melaksanakan kegiatan tindak lanjut atau untuk melakukan pengambilan keputusan berikutnya. Tujuan dari Penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan evaluasi program pendidikan kesetaraan Paket B di PKBM Al-Kautsar yang meliputi; 1) komponen konteks; untuk mengetahui dukungan atau partisipasi masyarakat dalam pelaksanaan program pendidikan kesetaraan paket B. 2) komponen input; (a) Untuk mengetahui karaktristik warga belajar program pendidikan kesetaraan paket B, (b) Untuk mengetahui karakteristik tutor program pendidikan kesetaraan paket B, (c) Untuk mengetahui karakteristik pengelola program pendidikan kesetaraan paket B, (d) Untuk mengetahui kurikulum program pendidikan kesetaraan paket B, dan (e) Untuk mengetahui sarana dan prasarana program pendidikan kesetaraan paket B. 3) komponen proses; untuk mengetahui proses pembelajaran pendidikan kesetaraan paket B. 4) komponen produk; untuk mengetahui pencapaian kompetensi warga belajar dalam mengikuti program pendidikan kesetaraan paket B di PKBMAl-Kautsar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriftif dengan jenis penelitian evaluasi. Jenis evaluasi yang digunakan adalah metode CIPP dari Stuflebeam, dan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriftif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, diketahui bahwa implementasi program pendidikan kesetaraan paket B dalam meningkatkan kompetensi warga belajar sudah sesuai dan efektif menurut kriteria dari masing-masing evaluasi yang meliputi evaluasi konteks, evaluasi input, evalusai proses dan evaluasi produk yang berada di lembaga PKBM Al-Kautsar.Kata-kata kunci: Evaluasi Program, Pendidikan Kesetaraan, Paket B, PKBM.
Konstruktivisme: Sebuah Analisis Perspektif Pembelajaran
Authors: Mawardi Mawardi Saleh
Published: January 2023

Konstruktivisme merupakan salah satu aliran filsafat pengetahuan yang menekankan bahwa pengetahuan merupakan hasil bentukan (konstruksi) kita sendiri. Pengetahuan bukanlah konten idiologi yang bersifat given dan instan melainkan dia adalah hasil dari olah pikir dan olah tindak yang disertai dengan proses permentasi pendidikan itu sendiri. Dalam prosesi pendidikan (baca; pembelajaran) untuk mendapatkan sejumlah pengetahuan, sudah pasti terjadi berbagai peristiwa pembelajaran silih berganti oleh peserta didik maupun pendidik. Kedua unsur peserta didik dan pendidik menjadi pihak yang paling aktif terlibat dalam mencari, mengamati, mendiskusikan, menggambar, merancang, sebagai keseluruhan aktivitas pembelajaran untuk memperoleh sejumlah pengalaman dan pengetahuan. Disamping itu, eksistensi media, sumber dan metode juga relatif menentukan berjalannya aktivitas pembelajaran secara efektif. Alhasil, pembelajaran yang didasarkan pada faham konstruktivis mewajibkan kepada peserta didik khususnya untuk berperan serta secara aktif dalam kegiatan pembelajaran agar mereka menemukan dan merakit sendiri pengetahuannya tersebut.Kata kunci: Konstruktivisme, Pembelajaran.
Pengaruh Pelatihan Tata Boga Terhadap Sikap Berwirausaha Warga Belajar di SKB (Sanggar Kegiatan Belajar) Gerung Kabupaten Lombok Barat Tahun 2016.
Authors: Utariyani Ni nyoman Trisna , Rizka Muhammad Arif , Maskun Maskun
Published: January 2023

Kondisi ekonomi masyarakat yang masih kuarang seperti minimnya keterampilan khususnyayang dimiliki masyarakat, serta rendahnya tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat dalam bidang tata bogayang bisa dijadikan bekal untuk berwirausaha. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalahBagaimana Pengaruh Pelatihan Tata Boga Terhadap Sikap Berwirausaha Warga Belajar di SKB(Sanggar Kegitan Belajar) Gerung Kabupaten Lombok Barat Tahun 2016. Tujuan penelitian tujuan yangdicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahaui bagaimanakah pengaruh pelatihan tata bogaterhadap sikap berwirausaha warga belajar di SKB Gerung Kabupaten Lombok Barat. Tujuan yangdicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Bagaimanakah Pengaruh Pelatihan Tata BogaTerhadap Sikap Berwirausaha Warga Belajar di SKB Gerung Kabupaten Lombok Barat Tahun 2016Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu metode angket sebagai metode pertama dandokumentasi metode pelengkap. Sedangkan metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah Chi Kuadrat.Hasil dari penelitian adalah berdasarkan analisa nilai signifikansi 9.866>9.488 maka Ho ditolak dan Haditerima, yang berarti ada pengaruh yang positif program pelatihan tata boga terhadap sikapberwirausaha warga belajar di SKB Gerung Kabupaten Lombok Barat 2016 artinya hasil penelitian iniadalah “signifikan”.Kata kunci: Pengaruh, Pelatihan Tata boga, Sikap Berwirausaha
Verbal and Numerical Ability: Their Correlation with Mathematical Modeling Ability
Authors: Sarjana Ketut , Kertiyani Ni Made Intan
Published: January 2023

This study focuses on analyzing the relationship between verbal and numerical abilities in the ability to make mathematical models. The population of this study is junior high school students who use the 2013 curriculum in Mataram City. The research sample was taken with a stratified cluster sampling system. The sample used was 411 students. Data were taken using 3 tests, namely verbal ability test, numerical ability, and ability to make mathematical models. The data was collected using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, namely multiple linear regression analysis. Descriptive statistics show that more than half of the respondents are in the medium or high category for the three abilities tested. Furthermore, based on the results of inferential statistics, it is found that verbal and numerical abilities have a significant effect on the ability to make mathematical models. The relationship between the three variables, namely Y=0.355X1+0.204 X2-5.446, where Y is the score of the ability to make mathematical models, X1 is the score of verbal ability and X2 is the score of numerical ability. Together, verbal and numeric abilities affect the ability to make mathematical models by 61.2%. Meanwhile, the verbal ability has a direct effect on the ability to make mathematical models at 35.5%. The numerical ability has a direct effect on the ability of mathematical models by 56.6%. The findings imply that enhancing both verbal and numerical abilities at the same time can boost the effectiveness of mathematical models more effectively than enhancing each ability separately.
Pembelajaran Dasar-Dasar Statistik Mengacu Pada Teori Beban Kognitif (Cognitive Load Theory) Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar
Authors: Sari Fifi Fitriana
Published: January 2023

Pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan di perdosenan tinggi biasanya dilakukan dengan penyampaian materi dan dilanjutkan dengan latihan soal, biasanya untuk matakuliah matematika, mahamahasiswa tidak memiliki kebebasan untuk mengeluarkan idenya karena pembelajaran dirasa sulit dan didominasi oleh Dosen. Mahamahasiswa cenderung menghafal rumus-rumus matematika yang diberikan saat perkuliahan dan mereka juga cenderung menyelesaikan masalah dengan cara prosedural. Mahamahasiswa tidak diberi kesempatan untuk menemukan dan memahami sendiri rumusnya pembelajaran dasar-dasar statistik. Dengan demikian, hasil belajar mahasiswa mengenai konsep dan implementasi cenderung rendah. Pembelajaran ini tidak efektif karena beban intrinsik tidak dikelola dengan baik sehingga dapat menambah beban luar. Untuk itu diperlukan upaya yang sungguh-sungguh dalam membangun pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap materi dasar-dasar statistik. Dalam penelitian ini pembelajaran dilakukan mengacu pada teori beban kognitif dengan tujuan untuk menciptakan pembelajaran yang efektif dengan mengelola beban kognitif intrinsik, mengurangi beban kognitif asing dan meningkatkan beban kognitif erat.
Pengembangan buku ajar mata kuliah matematika dasar untuk fisika
Authors: Nissa Ita Chairun , Pangga Dwi , Febrilia Baiq Rika Ayu
Published: January 2023

Kebutuhan terhadap buku ajar matematika dasar yang terintegrasi dengan konten dan konteks masalah fisika ternyata sangat diperlukan oleh pengajar maupun mahasiswa program studi pendidikan fisika yang menempuh mata kuliah matematika dasar. Mata kuliah matematika dasar yang diajarkan kepada mahasiswa program studi pendidikan fisika harus memiliki karakteristik implementasi konsep matematika dasar terhadap penyelesaian masalah-masalah fisika. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengembangkan suatu buku ajar matematika dasar untuk fisika. Pengembangan dilakukan melalui model Hannafin and Peck dalam tiga fase yaitu fase analisis kebutuhan, fase desain, dan fase pengembangan dan implementasi. Data dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan tes dan angket dan dianalisa secara statistik deskriptif. Pengujian buku ajar terdiri dari uji kelayakan (validitas dan reliabilitas) buku ajar, uji kepraktisan buku ajar, dan uji keefektifan buku ajar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buku ajar matematika dasar untuk fisika telah memenuhi kriteria layak, praktis, dan efektif sebagai alternatif buku referensi untuk perkuliahan
Network Planning Analysis Using CPM and PERT Methods on Optimization of Time and Cost
Authors: Aulia Surayya , Cipta Hendra
Published: January 2023

The shipbuilding industry is the most important industry to support sea transportation in the context of maritime development. As a company engaged in shipping, the function of the shipyard is as a place for shipbuilding, ship repair, and ship maintenance. One of the activities carried out by PT. DNC as a shipyard company is to repair TK Aek Sigala-gala. Ship repair is a process of repairing or replacing ship materials that cannot be used to avoid risks that occur in the sea when the ship sails. In the implementation of project activities, the company must understand the right network so that there are no problems scheduling, planning and controlling project activities. This study aims to solve the problems faced by the company, is the delay in completion time. The data used is secondary data related to the sequence and relationship of activities, execution time, and cost budget plan (RAB). This study uses CPM and PERT methods to determine the optimal turn around time using critical path and probability concepts. The results of the CPM and PERT methods are activities on the critical path with an optimal duration of 98 days. The crashing method is to reduce the duration to 72 days with savings of Rp. 16,351,708. if the project implementer does not crash, the penalty that must be paid is Rp. 3,072,963,905.
Are ChatGPT’s knowledge and interpretation ability comparable to those of medical students in Korea for taking a parasitology examination?: a descriptive study
Authors: Huh Sun
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to compare the knowledge and interpretation ability of ChatGPT, a language model of artificial general intelligence, with those of medical students in Korea by administering a parasitology examination to both ChatGPT and medical students. The examination consisted of 79 items and was administered to ChatGPT on January 1, 2023. The examination results were analyzed in terms of ChatGPT’s overall performance score, its correct answer rate by the items’ knowledge level, and the acceptability of its explanations of the items. ChatGPT’s performance was lower than that of the medical students, and ChatGPT’s correct answer rate was not related to the items’ knowledge level. However, there was a relationship between acceptable explanations and correct answers. In conclusion, ChatGPT’s knowledge and interpretation ability for this parasitology examination were not yet comparable to those of medical students in Korea.
New Drug Treatments for Osteoarthritis: What Is on the Horizon?
Authors: Watt Fiona E. , Gulati Malvika
Published: January 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, yet has historically lagged far behind rheumatoid arthritis in terms of drug development. Despite the many challenges presented by clinical trials in OA, improvements in our understanding of disease pathogenesis and a move to treat pain, as well as underlying disease process, mean there are now many new pharmacological therapies currently in various stages of clinical trials. The medical need for these therapies and the evidence for recent tissue and molecular targets are reviewed. Current therapeutic examples in each area are discussed, including both novel therapeutics and existing agents which may be repurposed from other disease areas. Some challenges remain, but opportunities for improving symptoms and disease process in OA in the clinic with new pharmacological agents would appear to be on the close horizon.
Low-dose aspirin in the prevention of preeclampsia in twin pregnancies: A real-world study
Authors: Zhou Qiongjie , Zhao Xingzhong , Xu Jinghui , Xiong Yu , Barrett Jon F. R. , Zhao Xing-Ming , Li Xiaotian
Published: January 2023

Background

The use of low-dose aspirin for women with twin pregnancies remains controversial. This study was to describe the frequency of preeclampsia and aspirin use in twin pregnancies in real practice.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study based on real-world data was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University between 2013 and 2020. Women with twin pregnancies who received prenatal care before 20 weeks of gestational age were included. They were divided into those using low-dose aspirin (LDA group) and those not using aspirin group (N-LDA group). The primary outcome was the frequency of preeclampsia, and secondary outcomes included early-onset and preterm mild and severe preeclampsia.

Results

A total of 2,946 women had twin pregnancies, and 241 were excluded due to missing information. Of 2,705 eligible women, 291 (10.75%) were administered aspirin and the other 2,414 (89.25%) did not. The patients in the LDA group were significantly more likely to be older, have a higher rate of use of ART, have a previous history of hypertension, and have gestational diabetes (p < 0.05). In the LDA group, aspirin compliance ≥50% was relatively low (14.43%, 42/291). Preeclampsia occurred in 106 of 291 participants (36.43%) in the LDA group, as compared to 449 of 2,411 (18.62%) in the N-LDA group (OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.62–2.82; p < 0.01). The association was confirmed (OR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.26–2.4; p < 0.01) in the 1:2 case-matched analysis. Higher odds of ratio in the LDA group were demonstrated (aORs > 1, p < 0.01), except for early-onset and preterm mild preeclampsia (p > 0.05). This association was confirmed in a subgroup analysis of methods of conception (aORs ≥ 1, p > 0.05).

Conclusion

Aspirin prescription of 75 to 100 mg in twin pregnancies was associated with no significant reduction of preeclampsia, which may be due to poor compliance with the aspirin used. Further randomized controlled or prospective cohort studies are required.
Micro-topographies formed by erosion can drive seedling emergence by rebuilding micro-habitats on weathered waste dumps in northeastern China
Authors: Wang Dongli , Qiao Jingting , Zhang Ye , Liao Mingji , Wang Dong , Zhao Xiaoliang , Qiao Yan
Published: January 2023

Restoring vegetation on waste dumps is imperative because soil erosion heavily impacts these areas and creates erosion micro-topographies, including bare slopes, rills, ephemeral gullies, and deposit bodies. These micro-topographies may affect seedling emergence by forming special micro-habitats, although the mechanism is vague. This study determined the substrate chemical (i.e., pH and electrical conductivity) and physical (i.e., capillary porosity, capillary water content, and mechanical composition) properties of different micro-topographies. In addition, the temporal dynamics of micro-climates (i.e., air temperature and air humidity), substrate hydrothermal conditions (i.e., substrate temperature and water content), and seedling emergence were investigated. Redundancy analysis (RDA), random forest (RF), and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were then used to identify the main factors affecting seedling emergence and clarify the relationships among the environmental conditions. Our results demonstrate that seedling densities in the rill, ephemeral gully, and deposit body were 1.78 times, 3.42 times, and 3.97 times higher than those on the bare slope, respectively. More species were found in the rill, ephemeral gully, and deposit body (Artemisia annua, Salsola collina, Setaria viridis, and Tribulus terrestris) than on the bare slope (Salsola collina). The main factors affecting seedling emergence were air humidity, substrate temperature, and substrate water content. The mechanical composition may have affected substrate water content during the initial stage of seedling emergence and substrate temperature during the entire period. We demonstrate that the ephemeral gully and deposit body may provide micro-habitats with a lower substrate temperature and higher substrate water content, which are favorable to seedling emergence, thus guiding vegetation restoration on waste dumps or other disturbed areas.
Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion modeling of different lithological combination source rocks from the Funing Formation in the Subei Basin
Authors: Peng Jinning , Li Longlong , Du Chongjiao , Liu Xu , Zhu Jianhui , Liang Shiyou , Qiu Qi , Wang Dongyan
Published: January 2023

The oil expulsion efficiency and retention efficiency of shale affect the enrichment and preservation of shale oil. Two series of semi-closed hydrous pyrolysis experiments were performed under in situ geological conditions on a Paleogene shale sample as a comparable analog to evaluate the generation and preservation potential of shale oil in the Funing Formation shale in the Subei Basin. The results show that 1) the oil-generation capacity evolution of different lithological combination source rocks in the Funing Formation of the Subei Basin can be roughly divided into four stages: a) relatively slow oil-generating and slow gas-generating, b) relatively fast oil-generating and slow gas-generating, c) oil cracking into gas, and d) kerogen cracking into gas; 2) different lithological combinations have different hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, and retention efficiencies. The total oil generation rate and gas generation rate of pure shale are higher than those of shale with a silty interlayer, and the exchange point between the oil expulsion rate and retention rate of pure shale is earlier than that of shale with the silty interlayer, which indicates that the pure shale experienced the expulsion and retention process earlier. Oil retention mainly occurs at an EqVRo of 0.84%–1.12%, while oil is mainly discharged to the adjacent siltstone at an EqVRo of 1.12%–1.28%. Based on the simulation under geological conditions, it is recognized that for shale oil exploration in the Subei Basin, the favorable thermal maturity is at an EqVRo of 0.84%–1.12%, and the favorable lithology is the shale with the silty interlayer. On one hand, the siltstone interlayer can provide pore space for the early generated oil, and the concentration difference of hydrocarbons between the shale and the interlayer can be formed so that the generated shale can continuously enter the interlayer. On the other hand, the shale above the interlayer can be used as a cap rock to preserve shale oil. The favorable area for shale oil exploration in the Subei Basin is the area with relatively high maturity (at a VR value of about 1.1%)
Faunal exploitation during the Proto-Zhou period in the Jing River Valley: Evidence from Sunjia and Xitou
Authors: Festa Marcella , Dou Haifeng , Monteith Francesca , Orton David , Wang Qianwen , Zong Tianyu , Liu Bin , Li Yue
Published: January 2023

This study examines faunal assemblages from the Proto-Zhou sites of Sunjia and Xitou, in the Jing River Valley (Central Shaanxi Province), to address questions concerning the exploitation of different animal resources in the context of the Shang-Zhou dynastic transition in the 11th century BCE. Although the assemblages from Sunjia and Xitou were small and sub-optimally preserved, this study demonstrates that the inclusion of such assemblages is essential to building upon our understanding of the human exploitation of animal resources. Our zooarchaeological analysis shows an increase in husbandry, with pig farming being complemented by extensive caprine and cattle herding. A diversified use of animal resources, and especially the larger number of bovids, could have been prompted by the need for a wider and more efficient exploitation of the immediate environment, in response to growing climatic deterioration, in addition to an increase in interactions with northern pastoral communities. Identified patterns of livestock biometry and relative taxonomic abundance show various degrees of agricultural engagement and a relatively complex livestock economy, suggesting the development of socio-economic complexity in the Jing River Valley in the late second millennium BCE.
Bioinformatic analysis identifies the immunological profile of turner syndrome with different X chromosome origins
Authors: Qi Xiao , Wang Qinghua , Yu Mingdong , Kong Yujia , Shi Fuyan , Wang Suzhen
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Turner syndrome (TS) is a chromosomal disorder that affects phenotypic females who have one intact X chromosome and complete or partial absence of the second sex chromosome in association with one or more clinical manifestations. However, the immunological profile of TS with different X chromosome origins is incompletely understood.

Methods

In this study, transcriptomic expression profiles of 26 TS (45,X) samples and 10 normal karyotype (46,XX) samples derived from GSE46687 cohort were employed. Differentially expressed immune-related genes (DEIRGs) between monosomy X TS patients with different X chromosome origins and normal females were investigated respectively. Subsequently, functional annotation, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, immunocyte infiltration evaluation, tissue-specific gene expression and Weighted gene co expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to explore the immunological characteristic in TS with different X chromosome origins.

Results

34 and 52 DEIRGs were respectively identified in 45,Xm and 45,Xp patients compared with normal individuals. The identified DEIRGs in Xm group were significantly enriched in pathways associated with cancer. In Xp TS patients, the most enriched signals were immune response-related. A majority of genes involved in the above pathways were downregulated. PPI analysis identified 4 (FLT3, IL3RA, CSF2RA, PIK3R3) and 6 (PDGFRB, CSF2, IL5, PRL, CCL17 and IL2)hub genes for Xm and Xp groups, respectively. CIBERSORT results showed that the proportion of Tregs in the Xm group and the naive B cells and resting NK cells in the Xp group significantly increased, respectively. Tissue-specific expression results indicated that BDCA4+_dentritic cells and CD19+ B cells were the prominent specific expressed tissues in Xp patients. Results of WGCNA support the above analysis.

Conclusions

This study aims at studying the immunological characteristics of TS with different X chromosome origins. Pathways in cancer in Xm group and immune response in Xp group were suppressed. 4 and 6 hub IRGs were identified as biomarkers for Xm and Xp patients, respectively. B cells played important roles in Xp patients. Further studies are needed to draw more attention to the functional validation of these hub genes and the roles of B cells.
Large-scale power inspection: A deep reinforcement learning approach
Authors: Guan Qingshu , Zhang Xiangquan , Xie Minghui , Nie Jianglong , Cao Hui , Chen Zhao , He Zhouqiang
Published: January 2023

Power inspection plays an important role in ensuring the normal operation of the power grid. However, inspection of transmission lines in an unoccupied area is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Recently, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) inspection has attracted remarkable attention in the space-ground collaborative smart grid, where UAVs are able to provide full converge of patrol points on transmission lines without the limitation of communication and manpower. Nevertheless, how to schedule UAVs to traverse numerous, dispersed target nodes in a vast area with the least cost (e.g., time consumption and total distance) has rarely been studied. In this paper, we focus on this challenging and practical issue which can be considered as a family of vehicle routing problems (VRPs) with regard to different constraints, and propose a Diverse Trajectory-driven Deep Reinforcement Learning (DT-DRL) approach with encoder-decoder scheme to tackle it. First, we bring in a threshold unit in our encoder for better state representation. Secondly, we realize that the already visited nodes have no impact on future decisions, and then devise a dynamic-aware context embedding which removes irrelevant nodes to trace the current graph. Finally, we introduce multiply decoders with identical structure but unshared parameters, and design a Kullback-Leibler divergence based regular term to enforce decoders to output diverse trajectories, which expands the search space and enhances the routing performance. Comprehensive experiments on five types of routing problems show that our approach consistently outperforms both DRL and heuristic methods by a clear margin.
The synthesis of higher alcohols from CO2 hydrogenation over Mn-Cu-K modified Fe5C2 and CuZnAlZr tandem catalysts
Authors: Huang Jiamin , Zhang Guanghui , Wang Mingrui , Zhu Jie , Ding Fanshu , Song Chunshan , Guo Xinwen
Published: January 2023

The catalytic production of higher alcohols (HAs) is a promising path for converting CO2 into value-added chemical products. The application is still limited by the low selectivity of HAs (less than 10%) on most catalysts. Here, we report a tandem catalyst consisting of Mn-Cu-K modified iron carbide and CuZnAlZr catalyst. The modification of iron carbide with Mn, Cu and K promoters improves the formation of HAs (13.5% Sel.), and the construction of tandem catalysts with CuZnAlZr can further enhance the catalytic performance. By examining different catalyst filling methods and the filling ratio of the tandem catalyst, it was found that the powder mixing resulted in a higher selectivity of HAs with a mass ratio of the two components of 1:1, and a synergistic effect leads to a higher selectivity of HAs (15.5%) with about 40% of propanol and butanol among HAs.
Research on the impact of China’s urban rail transit on economic growth: Based on PSM-DID model
Authors: Xing-lei Guo , Qian Zhang , Zhen-lei Yin , Zhong-hui Li , Chang-zheng Shao
Published: January 2023

By the end of 2020, 45 cities in the Chinese mainland operated 244 urban rail transit lines with a total length of 7,969.7 km, Urban rail transit in Chinese cities witnessed a steady growth both in operating scale and passenger traffic in 10 years. Recent studies have explored the environmental and social effects of urban rail transit; however lack in-depth discussion on economic growth. As a quasi-natural experiment, this paper empirically tests the effect of the opening of urban rail transit on urban economic growth based on the panel data of 286 prefecture-level cities in China from 2008 to 2020 and PSM-DID Model. Analysis results show that, rail transit drives urban economic growth. This effect has scale heterogeneity and regional heterogeneity. The findings of this study can provide a valuable reference for the government when it plans the layout of urban rail transit for construction.
Time to death and its predictors among adult patients with COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study in Ethiopia
Authors: Atamenta Tegene , Cherie Amsale , Alemu Wudma
Published: January 2023

Background

Coronavirus (COVID-19) disease affected people throughout the globe and has become a severe threat to the health and wellbeing of the global community. Time to death and predictors of mortality vary across settings. So far, no or few related studies have been undertaken in Ethiopia. Studying the time to death from COVID-19 and its predictors is essential to understand the characteristics of the disease and thereby contribute to the identification of indicators for early detection and initiation of treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate time to death and its predictors among adults with COVID-19 in Ethiopia.

Methods

A retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 602 adults with COVID-19 attending Eka Kotebe General Hospital, COVID-19 Treatment Center, between 13 March 2020 and 13 November 2020. The data were entered by Epi-data version 4.2 while the analysis was carried out using STATA version 16. A Kaplan–Meier survivor curve was computed to estimate the survival probabilities. A log-rank test was used to compare the difference in survival curves. Cox proportional hazard models were fitted to identify the predictors of time to death.

Results

The overall median time to death was 21 days. Older adults (aged ≥65 years) [adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 2.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–4.86], being men (AHR 3.04, 95% CI 1.61–5.74), shortness of breathing at admission (AHR 2.29, 95% CI 1.16–4.54), comorbidity (AHR 2.23, 95% CI 1.04–4.80), diabetes mellitus (AHR 2.31, 95% CI 1.30–4.08), altered cardiac function (AHR 2.07, 95% CI 1.21–3.43), and baseline white blood cell count of greater than 10 (103/µl) (AHR 2.62, 95% CI 1.55–4.44) were independent predictors of COVID-19 mortality.

Conclusion

Male sex, older adults, shortness of breathing at admission, patients with comorbidities, and higher blood cell count were significant predictors of time to death from COVID-19. Therefore, concerned stakeholders should focus on those predictors of mortality and design interventions accordingly to enhance the survival of patients with COVID-19.
Cross-talk between cuproptosis and ferroptosis regulators defines the tumor microenvironment for the prediction of prognosis and therapies in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Shen Yefeng , Li Deyu , Liang Qiong , Yang Mengsi , Pan Youguang , Li Hui
Published: January 2023

Cuproptosis, a newly identified form of programmed cell death, plays vital roles in tumorigenesis. However, the interconnectivity of cuproptosis and ferroptosis is poorly understood. In our study, we explored genomic alterations in 1162 lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohort to comprehensively evaluate the cuproptosis regulators. We systematically performed a pancancer genomic analysis by depicting the molecular correlations between the cuproptosis and ferroptosis regulators in 33 cancer types, indicating cross-talk between cuproptosis and ferroptosis regulators at the multiomic level. We successfully identified three distinct clusters based on cuproptosis and ferroptosis regulators, termed CuFeclusters, as well as the three distinct cuproptosis/ferroptosis gene subsets. The tumor microenvironment cell-infiltrating characteristics of three CuFeclusters were highly consistent with the three immune phenotypes of tumors. Furthermore, a CuFescore was constructed and validated to predict the cuproptosis/ferroptosis pathways in individuals and the response to chemotherapeutic drugs and immunotherapy. The CuFescore was significantly associated with the expression of miRNA and the regulation of post-transcription. Thus, our research established an applied scoring scheme, based on the regulators of cuproptosis/ferroptosis to identify LUAD patients who are candidates for immunotherapy and to predict patient sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs.