bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspirational Descent and the Creation of Family Lore: Race Shifting in the Northeast
Authors: Leroux Darryl
Published: October 2020

This article builds on work examining how hundreds of thousands of white French descendants in the northeastern part of the continent have been shifting into “Indigenous” identities in the past two decades or so. The first part of the paper explains the workings of “aspirational descent,” that is, when a French woman from the 1600s is turned into an “Indigenous” ancestor for the purpose of claiming indigeneity in the present. The second part of the paper explores the creation of “family lore” by several French descendants using aspirational descent in courtroom testimony. Overall, the author illustrates how stories about long-ago Indigenous ancestry in white settler families, such as that of Elizabeth Warren, often involve creative interpretations of childhood stories that rely on the logic of elimination inherent to settler colonialism.
Elementos que intervienen en el éxito –y en el fracaso– de la interacción oral en lengua extranjera en secundaria
Authors: Plasencia Carballo Zeus
Published: October 2020

A lo largo de las últimas décadas, la Didáctica de las Lenguas Extranjeras (DLE) ha gozado de un gran interés por parte de la esfera académica y profesional, indagando cómo mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje e implementar alternativas que permitan al docente cumplir con su rol de guía, y asistir a su alumnado durante dicho proceso. No obstante, de los cuatro modos de comunicación –Common European Framework of References for Languages. Companion Volume with New Descriptors– que fundamentan la enseñanza de las LE (recepción, producción, interacción y mediación), la interacción oral recibe una menor atención por parte del docente y ofrece resultados poco alentadores. Por esta razón, a lo largo de este artículo se ofreerán algunas de las razones por las que esto ocurre, en especial en la etapa de Secundaria, además de sugerir una serie de alternativas que faciliten el siempre arduo proceso de hablar e interactuar en un código distinto al materno.
Análisis de la percepción de las familias sobre la educación musical en la escuela
Authors: Chao-Fernandez Rocío , Pérez Crego María Cristina , Chao-Fernández Aurelio
Published: October 2020

Incluida en el sistema educativo español desde 1990 con la entrada en vigor de la Ley Orgánica de Ordenación General del sistema Educativo (LOGSE), la música es una de las materias menos valoradas en nuestro país, y ello a pesar de los innumerables beneficios que aporta a la formación integral de la persona. El objetivo de esta investigación consiste en averiguar la percepción que los padres de alumnado escolarizado en Educación Primaria tienen sobre su inclusión en la escuela. Los resultados muestran que a pesar de que la música se encuentra en el día a día del alumnado, la educación musical no es considerada prioritaria por sus progenitores, quizás porque se asocia con cuestiones técnicas y aptitudes tradicionalmente asociadas al virtuosismo. Finalmente se concluye que existe un desconocimiento importante sobre las posibilidades que la educación musical puede ofrecer al discente.
Serbest Etkinlik Uygulamalarının Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin Görüşlerine Göre Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: SARAÇOĞLU Mehtap , ÇİFTÇİ Yunus Emre
Published: October 2020

İlkokul 1, 2 ve 3. sınıflarda görev yapan sınıf öğretmenlerinin serbest etkinlikler dersi uygulamasına yönelik görüşlerini almayı amaçlayan bu araştırma betimsel bir çalışmadır. Araştırmanın örneklemi 372 öğretmenden oluşmaktadır. İlkokul öğretmenlerinin serbest etkinlikler dersini uygulama düzeylerinin; cinsiyete, mesleki kıdeme, okutulan sınıf mevcuduna, okutulan sınıf düzeyine, mezun olunan okul ve bölüme, lisansüstü eğitim alıp almama durumuna göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığının tespiti amacıyla bağımsız örneklemler için t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Kruskal-Wallis H testi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre öğretmenlerin serbest etkinlikler dersine yönelik görüşlerinin cinsiyet, mesleki kıdem, sınıf düzeyi ve mezun olunan fakülte değişkenine göre farklılaşmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenler etkinliklerin öğrenci düzeyine uygun olacak şekilde seçilmesi ve gerekli araç-gereç temininin önemine değinmişlerdir.
The Experiences of the Prospective Information Technology Teachers Taking the Multimedia Design and Production Course with Project-Based Learning Method: A Case Study
Authors: ÇOBAN Murat
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the opinions and experiences of the prospective information technologies teachers who are taught in multimedia design and production with project-based learning (PBL). In the study, 45 prospective teachers were divided into eight different study groups. These study groups developed projects with a 14-week syllabus based on the ADDIE design model. At the end of the study, qualitative data were obtained from the participants through the interview form. The collected data were analyzed by the content analysis method. According to the results, the vast majority of the participants emphasized that they are satisfied with the way that the PBL is applied and that the PBL should be taken as a basis in the learning process. They also stated that the PBL allows for collaboration, leads to research, supports skill development, and is a fun learning method. However, the participants complained about not finding sufficient resources, especially in the PBL process, lack of cooperation in the group, and the limited time allocated for the PBL process. The results of the study can be useful to educators and education politicians who want to use the PBL in the learning process.
E-Öğrenme Araştırmalarındaki Temel Eğilimler ve Bilgi Alanları: 2008-2018 Yılları Arasında Yayımlanan Makalelerle Konu Modelleme Analizi
Authors: GÜRCAN Fatih , ÖZYURT Özcan
Published: October 2020

Son yıllarda e-öğrenme konusunda, farklı alanlarda birçok çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. E-öğrenme alanında yapılan çalışmaların bütünleşik olarak geniş bir perspektif ile incelenmesi ve alanın genel bir resminin görülmesi son derece zordur. Bu çalışmada, e-öğrenme alanında son on yılda gerçekleştirilmiş olan tüm çalışmalar taranarak 27.735 dergi makalesi üzerinde olasılıksal konu modellemeye dayalı bir içerik analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Metin madenciliği yöntemleri ile yapılan analizler sonucunda e-öğrenmenin temel boyutları olarak değerlendirilebilecek beş ana boyut keşfedilmiştir. Ölçme ve değerlendirme, öğrenme ortamları, öğretim modelleri, öğretim alanları ve öğretim araçları olarak isimlendirilen bu beş ana boyutun e-öğrenme çalışmalarına ciddi katkılar sunabileceği öngörülmektedir.
Mesleki Eğitime Yönelik Yeni Nesil Öğrenme Nesnelerinin Tasarlanması, Geliştirilmesi ve Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÖZKÖK G. Alev , YILMAZ Tuğçe
Published: October 2020

Bu araştırmada mesleki eğitim öğrencileri için yeni nesil öğrenme nesnesi geliştirme sürecinin modellenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Sentezlenmiş tasarım-tabanlı araştırma yöntemiyle desenlenen araştırma, iki mezo döngüde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Birinci döngüde sıralı yapılandırılan geliştirme süreci, ikinci döngüde sarmal yapıda yeniden düzenlenmiştir. Uygulama, Bilişim Teknolojileri ve Matematik öğretmenleriyle işbirliği içerisinde yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya 2018-2019 öğretim yılı Güz ve Bahar dönemlerinde, kodlama deneyimi olmayan 25 11. sınıf öğrencisi katılmıştır. Geliştirme sürecinde öğrencilerin öğrenme nesnesine yönelik kalite algı düzeyleri, Öğrenme Nesnesi Kalite Rubriği ve öğrenci görüşme formu ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın, yeni nesil öğrenme nesnesi geliştirme sürecinin kalite düzeylerine katkı sağlamasına yönelik kapsamlı bir süreç modeli sunuyor olması nedeniyle alanyazındaki ilgili araştırmalardan ayrıldığı düşünülmektedir.
Kitlesel Açık Çevrimiçi Derslerle İlgili Yapılan Araştırmaların İncelenmesi: Tematik İçerik Analizi Çalışması
Authors: HAYMANA Burcu , DAĞHAN Gökhan
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, kitlesel açık çevrimiçi derslerle (KAÇD) ilgili olarak son yıllarda yapılan araştırmaların sonuçlarını toparlayıcı bir bakış açısıyla bütünleştirebilmek ve böylece genel eğilimleri belirleyebilmektir. Dolayısıyla nicel bir bakış açısıyla yürütülmüş olan bu araştırmada KAÇD’ler hakkında bir içerik analizi çalışması yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, bir içerik analizi türü olarak tematik içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Web of Science veritabanı üzerinden yapılan taramada, ulaşılacak olan makalelerin SSCI, AHCI, SCI-E ve ESCI atıf indekslerinde taranması beklenmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda elde edilen 123 makale, belirlenen ölçütler bakımından ele alınmış ve içerikleri analiz edilerek sınıflandırılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları KAÇD araştırmalarının var olan durumunun projeksiyonunu ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen bulgular ve sonuçlar ışığında geliştirilen önerilerin uygulayıcılara ve tasarımcılara dönük pratik ipuçları ve somut tavsiyeler sunması beklenmektedir.
Cardiotoxicity of anthracycline: Novel approach through down regulation of TLR-3 via TRAF/MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Wonder Robyn , Penzkofer Steliana , Hazen Evelyn G
Published: October 2020

Cardiotoxicity is one of the most important complications doxorubicin (DOX) and its pathomechanisms are not completely elucidated. We hypothesize that signaling via toll-like receptor (TLR)-3, a receptor that is activated upon binding of double-stranded nucleotides, might play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cardiac-toxicity following DOX treatment. Male adult C57BL6 wild-type mice and TLR-3 knock-out (-/-) mice were subjected to 20 mg/kg; administered intraperitoneally. TLR-3 down-stream signaling was activated in WT mice lead to strong pro-inflammatory response with significant monocyte cells invasion. In contrast, this effect was attenuated in TLR-3-/- mice. Moreover, the TLR-3 activation resulted in cardiac damage that was associated with significantly reduced LV function and increased monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP)-1 expression in WT mice. This finding was confirmed by increased MAPK and TRIF protein expression in WT mice. This study confirmed that the absence of TLR-3 is associated with lower heart injury and maintained LV function. Thus, we conclude that TLR-3 seems to participate in the pathogenesis of cardiotoxicity of DOX.
The effect of troponin values on prognosis in acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Ilkhan Gulay Dasdemir , Celikhisar Hakan
Published: October 2020

Background: The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical usefulness of cardiac troponin levels in acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) prognosis.

Methods: Thorax computed tomography (CT) angiography was performed and reported by the radiologist as pulmonary embolism and 193 patients older than 18 years of age who were considered PTE by the physician of chest diseases were included in the study. Patients diagnosed with PTE were divided into two groups as those who died within 30 days and did not die within 30 days. As a result of the statistically significant relationship between troponin and mortality, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the prognosis level of troponin and appropriate sensitivity and specificity cut-off values were determined.

Results: We determined that troponin levels of patients diagnosed with PTE in the emergency department were statistically significantly higher in the group with mortality (p=0.031). Since the area under the curve (AUC) value was calculated as 0.636, troponin value was found to have a weak-medium significance in terms of predicting 30-day mortality.

Conclusions: Troponin values are statistically significantly higher in patients with a one-month period than the survivor group in this period. However, we concluded that troponin values are not clinically usable as mortality markers due to their low sensitivity and specificity rates. However, due to its significant relationship with increased mortality, patients with PTE with high troponin values should be hospitalized and monitored closely.
Association of hearing loss in the patients with treated with lamivudine: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Joshi Kalpesh , Belhekar Mahesh
Published: October 2020

Background: Hearing loss has been reported with lamivudine therapy. The World Health Organization (WHO) international database of suspected adverse drug reactions (Vigibase) prioritised clinical review of lamivudine and hearing loss in 2015. This manuscript provides the details of research protocol for a systematic review of association of lamivudine with hearing loss.

Methods: English-language publications that assess hearing loss within patients who are receiving lamivudine therapy will be included. All study types like clinical trial designs, case-control study, cohort study, retrospective study, case-series or a case report will be included. Preclinical studies, studies enrolling patients with known differential diagnosis such as presbycusis etc will be excluded. Electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane reviews, Embase and Google scholar), international clinical trials registry, clinicaltrials.gov and pharmaceutical company clinical study registries will be searched for key words related to lamivudine and hearing loss. After a thorough electronic/manual search of manuscript they will undergo a screening process and selected articles will be assessed for risk of bias using online ROBINS-I tool. We will explore outcomes as an observational systematic review.

Conclusions: This review will provide detailed benefit-risk analysis of lamivudine with respect to hearing loss in patients with chronic conditions such as Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

Trial Registration: PROSPERO registration number is CRD42018112205.0.001.
Validation and equivalency of electronic clinical outcomes assessment systems
Authors: Gary Sarah T. , Otero Antonio V. , Faulkner Kenneth G. , Dias Nadeeka R.
Published: October 2020

The US food and drug administration (FDA) has long called for clinical outcomes assessments (COA), such as patient-reported outcomes (PRO), to be ‘fit-for-purpose’ meaning the COA has been validated to support the context of use. The FDA’s recent patient-focused drug development guidance series has renewed the importance of ensuring that COA is ‘fit-for-purpose’ and valid.  In addition, the FDA has recommended that COA be collected electronically and that the electronic (eCOA) system and devices also be validated. Advancing technology requires eCOA systems and devices to evolve; eCOA devices may change over time. As bring your own device (BYOD) models gain popularity and acceptance, devices may also be mixed within trials. Changes in eCOA devices or mixing devices may require equivalence testing to prove validity across platforms. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the different types of validation at both the assessment level and the eCOA system (device) level to help clinical trial sponsors determine the appropriate level of validation or equivalence testing required for COA used in their clinical trials.   
Fine needle aspiration cytology diagnostic accuracy corelation to histopathology of head and neck swelling in Manipal teaching hospital
Authors: Dhungana Inclub , Koirala Krishna , Khadgi Ashish , Sapkota Niraj Khatri
Published: October 2020

Background: Palpable neck swelling is a common clinical manifestation in otolaryngology. Rapid, inexpensive and simple method of examination for the diagnosis of such superficial masses is fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Objectives were to evaluate the usage of fine needle aspiration cytology as a first-line tool for diagnosis, accuracy compared with histopathology.

Method: A hospital based prospective cross sectional was conducted by taking 65 patients with neck swelling presentation thyroid swelling were highest in number followed by lymph node and salivary, in which female were 43 (66.15%) and male were 22 (33.85%), the age group ranged from 6 to 75 years in ear, nose, throat (ENT) OPD of Manipal teaching hospital between 15th November 2015 to 15th May 2017. FNAC along with histopathological examination (HPE) were done and compared. For data analysis SPSS 20 version was used. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy rates were calculated. The Cohen’s Kappa statistical test was employed.

Results: The overall sensitivity and specificity of FNAC was 90.76% and 98.075% respectively in determining the various pathologies. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAC in comparison to histopathology was 92.25%. This study showed almost perfect correlation (measure of agreement) between FNAC and final histopathology diagnosis of neck swellings from Cohen’s Kappa test.

Conclusions: FNAC is a safe, simple and rapid method with a high sensitivity and specificity that can be done in diagnosing wide range of neck swellings.
A cross sectional study on the knowledge, attitude and practices of medical and paramedical staff regarding the bio-medical waste management in a tertiary care institute in Lucknow
Authors: Mishra Sandhya , Chopra Deepak , Jauhari Nidhi
Published: October 2020

Background: The bio-medical waste products create particularly serious problems for the municipalities and its safe disposal is becoming a serious environmental problem. The concern regarding medical wastes is mainly due to the presence of pathogenic organisms and organic substances in hospital solid wastes in significantly higher concentrations. About one fourth of biomedical waste is considered as hazardous and may affect the health of both medical personnel and general community. Aim and objectives of the research was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about the biomedical waste management among the staff (medical and paramedical) of a tertiary care medical institute.

Methods: The design of the study was observational, descriptive and cross-sectional. It was conducted in a 500 bedded private sector tertiary care medical institute in Lucknow. The study unit consisted of medical and paramedical staff (doctors, staff nurses, and ward boys) and sample size was 241 who consented to be a part of the study. All the study units who had been in the job for atleast 6 months in IIMSR who consented for the study were included; purposive convenience sampling was implemented and study period was from January 2018 to March 2018.  

Results: Majority across all the types of study participants were males, married, residing in urban areas and having not undergone any formal training. Our study found that though all the study participants in various groups were having the relevant level of knowledge but attitude and practices were variable.

Conclusions: This study showed that knowledge may be higher but attitude and practices are variable and are not related to educational level.
Comparison of labial frenectomy procedure with conventional surgical technique and diode laser
Authors: Tabinda Nabi Aaysha , Fatima Qalbi , Tarique Naseem Md. , Anand Kumar , Verma Abhishek
Published: October 2020

High frenum is very common in function and esthetics. It is manage by procedure such as frenectomy and frenotomy. Most common is the conventional frenectomy which is done by the use of scalpel, now a day's laser is widely spread and can be used to perform surgeries.

To compare the degree of postoperative pain experienced by patients during frenectomy procedure with surgical scalpel and diode laser technique.

A total of 20 patients with the age range from 16-40 years old had participated in this study, they were all Systemically healthy, nonsmoker and who required labial frenectomy. That were divided into two groups. Group l includes 10 patients in which frenulectomy was done using the diode laser. Group ll with 10 patients in which scalpel had been used to perform conventional frenectomy. Parameters such as pain is evaluated at intervals of 1week, & 1 month.

Intergroup comparison of the mean VAS scores for discomfort and pain for both the groups showed significant difference between the groups. Patients treated with the diode laser had less postoperative pain and required fewer analgesics as compared to patients treated with the conventional scalpel technique.

Based on this study outcome, the diode laser is a dependable alternative as it is an efficient and satisfactory option for procedures like frenectomy.
Manifiesto jurídico por los animales y el medio ambiente
Authors: Gil Botero Enrique
Published: October 2020

En el presente articulo argumento el papel que tiene el derecho como fuerza transformadora para revocar o al menos aliviar los síntomas que padece la naturaleza. Está claro que se puede hacer mucho para aliviar las dolencias que aquejan al planeta y a su biodiversidad. Sobretodo en Colombia, el quinto país más biodiverso del planeta y donde coexisten más de 340 ecosistemas diferentes de especies animales y vegetales.  El posconflicto plantea retos en materia ambiental y por ello debemos avanzar hacia una nueva ética  que transforme el Estado y el derecho, una ética en la que los animales y demás sujetos de la naturaleza ocupen un lugar de respeto y empatía y no sean visto como meros instrumentos.
Adicción y metabolismo digital. Una mirada desde la filosofía de la tecnología
Authors: Baranzoni Sara
Published: October 2020

Propósito/Contexto. Este artículo tiene como propósito analizar los fenómenos de adicción digital en el contexto contemporáneo, que se caracteriza por transformaciones tecnológicas en continua expansión.

Metodología/Enfoque. El análisis se lleva a cabo desde el punto de vista de la filosofía de la tecnología y siguiendo la perspectiva farmacológica que formula el filósofo Bernard Stiegler en el marco de los estudios digitales, esto es, una visión de la tecnología, siempre y al mismo tiempo, como veneno y remedio para el ser humano.

Resultados/Hallazgos. El artículo arroja luz sobre los orígenes y las consecuencias de semejante situación adictogénica, enfocándose en las causas socioeconómicas y en las posibilidades de escape que la tecnología misma nos proporciona; el problema ético se pone en relación con los estilos de vida de los usuarios y la pregunta es si las tecnologías actuales dejan lugar para un mejoramiento de las condiciones cotidianas o si solo amplifican el malestar que la vida contemporánea crea.

Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. Finalmente, se proporcionan algunos ejemplos enfocados en la reeducación y la comprensión del farmakon, para devolver autonomía y capacidad de toma de decisiones a los adictos, desarrollando en ellos un “saber consumir” que alivia los efectos tóxicos de la relación con los dispositivos y los dota de una capacidad de inventar nuevas posibilidades para encontrar una forma distinta de relación en y con la sociedad.
Lessons from leading through COVID-19: Secondary principals’ perspectives
Authors: Thornton Kate
Published: October 2020

School principals were required to engage in crisis leadership throughout New Zealand’s first COVID-19 Alert Level 4 lockdown that began in March 2020. Eighteen school principals from a range of secondary schools were interviewed about their experiences and the findings of this study are discussed in relation to the leadership capability framework. This research reveals that principals acted with empathy in prioritising wellbeing over learning, demonstrated community responsiveness by using multiple ways of communicating, encouraged collective leadership, led with optimism, demonstrated resilience, and took opportunities to shift practice in their schools.
МИРОВОЕ ПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ ПЕРВИЧНЫХ ЭНЕРГОНОСИТЕЛЕЙ: ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ВО ВТОРОМ ДЕСЯТИЛЕТИИ XXI В.
Authors: Вазим Андрей Александрович
Published: October 2020

Актуальность исследования определяется необходимостью повышения энергоэффективности и выполнением требований устойчивого развития. Цель работы: анализ тенденций по основным характеристикам на рынке энергоносителей: цене и объему потребления. Потребление выбрано по основным видам первичных энергоносителей: нефть, природный газ, ядерное топливо, возобновляемые источники энергии, гидроэлектроэнергия, каменный уголь. Анализ и прогноз цен проводятся только для нефти марки «Брент». Также необходимо изучить влияние требований устойчивого развития на потребление энергоносителей по макрорегионам: Северная Америка, Южная Америка и Карибы, Азиатско-Тихоокеанский регион, страны СНГ, Средний Восток, Европейский регион, Африка. Методы: прогнозная экстраполяция, основанная на анализе трендов, определяющих на уровне макрорегионов готовность к отказу от устаревших и развитию современных видов первичных энергоносителей; метод аналогии при построении циклической модели цен на нефть. Результаты. Выделены и охарактеризованы четыре цикла динамики цен на нефть в первые два десятилетия XXI в. Спрогнозированы два варианта ценовых уровней на 2020−2021 гг. Дана характеристика основным тенденциям в потреблении первичных энергоносителей отдельно по каждому их виду и каждому региону мира.
Estudio comparativo de los dermatoglifos digitales de los zoques y otros grupos indígenas del sureste de México
Authors: Serrano Sánchez Carlos
Published: October 2020

Los zoques constituyen un importante grupo indígena asentado principalmente en la región centro-occidental del Estado de Chiapas (Fig. 1), aunque abarca también algunos municipios de Tabasco y Oaxaca. El numero actual de hablantes de la lengua zoque sobrepasa los 20,000 sujetos (Thomas, 1974), y la vitalidad cultural del grupo, a pesar de su declinación paulatina, puede considerarse aún muy fuerte. Sin embargo, como se ha señalado recientemente (Navarrete, 1970), los zoques permanecen prácticamente desconocidos en sus diversos aspectos antropológicos; pero la carencia de información sobre este grupo quizá sea mas patente en campo de la Antropología Física; se pueden citar únicamente dos trabajos realizados sobre, los zoques: el de Starr, que data de principios de siglo (1902), sobre características antropométricas, y el de Matson y Swanson, sobre topología sanguínea, efectuado en 1960 y al parecer aún inédito (algunos datos publicados en Matson, 1970). Nuestro trabajo corresponde pues, a un propósito de ampliar este parco conocimiento de los zoques en sus características somáticas, que pueda conducir eventualmente a la comprensión de las relaciones biológicas de este grupo con otros pueblos indígenas mesoamericanos, especialmente los de la zona maya, de los cuales son vecinos. Con este interés examinaremos aquí algunas características dermopapilares de los zoques, comparativamente a las que se encuentran en otros grupos del sureste de México.
La cerámica de Yalmuz, Chiapas
Authors: Daltabuit Magalí , Álvarez Carlos
Published: October 2020

Este trabajo se realizó durante el mes de septiembre de 1972, y fue sugerido por el Profesor Carlos Navarrete, con el fin de reunir material para un futuro proyecto de investigación en los Altos Orientales de Chiapas y en los Altos Cuchumatanes del Departamento de Huehuetenango, Guatemala. Como por ahora solamente se están conjuntando esfuerzos para dar a conocer toda clase de material cultural de la región, creemos conveniente publicar nuestras observaciones, realizadas durante una corta temporada de campo, motivada por la necesidad de obtener muestras cerámicas contemporáneas, que ayuden a un mejor conocimiento de la antigua alfarería de Chincultik, sitio arqueológico donde se han centrado los principales esfuerzos de investigación del área planteada. Por otra parte, de 1972 a la fecha, se han suscitado importantes cambios económicos en Yalmuz, que durante nuestra estancia era un pequeño poblado bastante aislado y con una economía basada únicamente en la agricultura y las artesanías. Actualmente esta comunicado por una carretera con las poblaciones de las Margaritas y Cornitan; además, se ha instalado un aserradero que constituye una nueva fuente de trabajo. Por .otra parte, también existe el proyecto de construir un complejo turístico a orillas del lago Yalmuz, en un futuro no muy lejano. Estas recientes condiciones ameritarían una investigación, ya que seguramente han afectado la vida de la comunidad repercutiendo en la producción artesanal local. Por el momento, pensamos que es adecuado dar a conocer los datos obtenidos sobre la técnica tradicional de la manufactura de cerami.ca en esa pequeña comunidad tojolabal.
Étude des Glyphes Locatif dan l’Epigraphie Maya
Authors: Davoust Michel
Published: October 2020

Nous verrons dans une autre étude, le problème de la fonction des glyphes emblèmes comme nom dynastique ou nom de lieu.
Reconocimiento arqueológico en los valles cercanos a Las Margaritas, Chiapas
Authors: Álvarez A. Carlos
Published: October 2020

Este proyecto intenta conocer el patrón de asentamiento prehispánico en la región de Las Margaritas, comparándolo con asentamientos coloniales y modernos; aspecto que considero importante para el estudio de problemas demográficos y de movimientos de población, en la zona tojolabal de los Altos de Chiapas y en el área Chuj de los Cuchumatanes de Guatemala. Una parte de la poca información que se conoce se encuentra principalmente en las obras de Blom y La Farge (1926) y Palacios ( 1928) ; estos autores describen cinco zonas arqueológicas con arquitectura monumental e inscripciones jeroglíficas, denominadas: Hunchabin, Chinkultic, Tenam Puente, Tenam Rosario y Santa Elena Poco Uinic. Estos grandes centros mayas pueden ser considerados como el {mico foco de atención respecto a la arqueología de la zona tojolabal.
Los ordinales en la familia mayance y algunas lenguas túrquicas
Authors: Frankie Eleanor
Published: October 2020

Cada categoría morfológica y sintáctica expresa y refleja, en alguna forma especifica, el pensamiento de los hablantes. Por estudios conducidos por Ivar Aasen en el siglo XIX sobre el idioma noruego, Haugen aclara precisamente que "a través del estimulo de su percepción creciente de la gramática se le indujo dar énfasis a la morfología que consta de los criterios realnente más importantes de un idioma" (1965: 193). Siguiendo este punto de vista, podemos captar el cuadro autentico del grupo mayance que nos ofrecen los ordinales. Empezamos con la definición de Lázaro de un ordinal como "adjetivo o sustantivo numeral que expresa el lugar que algo ocupa en una serie o sucesión, primero, segundo, tercero, etc." (l971: 305), que es hasta cierto punto clara. El omitió mencionar un aspecto morfológico de suma importancia, es decir, el hecho de que los ordinales nunca existen como raíces primarias, sino resultan de derivaciones denominales. Y así, al igual que el leitmotivo en la música permite oír las variaciones del tema principal, también se pueden apreciar los ordinales con sus tonos de variaciones.
An Analysis of the Possibility to Develop Trolleybus Current Brushes From Recycled Materials
Authors: Jakubas Adam , Chwastek Krzysztof , Cywiński Artur , Gnatowski Adam , Cywiński Artur
Published: October 2020

The paper presents an analysis of the possibility of producing traction brushes from waste materials. Brushes are used to ensure good electrical contact between the rail and the pantograph. Slides are produced in the process of hot pressing, with parameters of heating up to max 175 ⁰C, at the minimal pressure value of 200 MPa. The developed brushes with a high (55-60%) content of recycled materials have comparable characteristics to commercial brushes, and some of the prototypes are even more durable and break-resistant.
A Computational Model to Inform Effective Control Interventions against Yersinia enterocolitica Coinfection
Authors: Mostolizadeh Reihaneh , Dräger Andreas
Published: October 2020

The complex interplay among pathogens, host factors, and the integrity and composition of the endogenous microbiome determine the course and outcome of gastrointestinal infections. The model organism Yersinia entercolitica (Ye) is one of the five top frequent causes of bacterial gastroenteritis based on the Epidemiological Bulletin of the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) published on September 10, 2020. A fundamental challenge in predicting the course of an infection is to understand whether co-infection with two Yersinia strains differing only in their capacity to resist killing by the host immune system may decrease the overall virulence by competitive exclusion or increase it by acting cooperatively. Herein, we study the primary interactions among Ye, the host immune system and the microbiota, and their influence on Yersinia population dynamics. The employed model considers two host compartments, the intestinal mucosa and lumen, commensal bacteria, the co-existence of wild-type and mutant Yersinia strains, as well the host immune responses. We determine four possible equilibria: the disease-free, wild-type-free, mutant-free, and co-existence of wild-type and mutant equilibrium. We also calculate the reproduction number for each strain as a threshold parameter to determine if the population may either be eradicated or persist within the host. We conclude that the infection should disappear if the reproduction numbers for each strain fall below one, and the commensal bacteria’s growth rate exceeds the pathogens’ growth rates. These findings will help inform public health control strategies. The supplement includes MATLAB source script, Maple workbook, and figures.
Optimizing N Fertilizer Use for Sesame Under Rain Fed and Irrigation Conditions
Authors: Gebregergis Zenawi , Sibhatu Fiseha Baraki , Teame Goitom
Published: October 2020

Inappropriate use of fertilizers is one of the major production constraints in sesame. Studies to optimize the use of N fertilizer on sesame were conducted at Humera Agricultural Research Center (HuARC) under rain fed and irrigation conditions. Thirteen (13) N doses were evaluated in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) during 2016, 2017 and 2018. In the rain fed condition; results showed higher number of days to 50% flowering on the higher N application. The 31-121.5 kg N ha-1 have scored higher seed yield, where the lower (18 kg N ha-1) and higher (156 kg N ha-1) N doses scored lower seed yield. In the irrigation condition; higher N application rate prolonged the flowering time to some extent and days to 90% maturity was reduced as N rate increased. Heavier seed weights and maximum seed yield were recorded on 64 and 75 kg N ha-1 and the lower N doses scored low seed yield. Agronomic efficiency of N fertilizer (N-AE) was higher on 64 kg N ha-1 under both growing conditions. The partial budget analysis revealed that 64 kg N ha-1 (rain fed) and 75 kg N ha-1 (irrigation) had the higher net profit, MRR and residual ranking. Therefore, for the greater sesame productivity 64 kg N ha-1 has to be recommended for rain fed and 64 to 75 kg N ha-1 for the irrigated sesame.
Maternal Docosahexaenoic Acid Status During Pregnancy and Its Impact on Infant Neurodevelopment
Authors: Basak Sanjay , Mallick Rahul , Duttaroy Asim K
Published: October 2020

Dietary components are important for the structural and functional development of the brain. Among these, docosahexaenoic acid,22:6n-3 (DHA) is critically required for the structure and development of the growing fetal brain in utero. DHA is the major n-3 long-chain fatty acid in brain gray matter representing about 15% of all fatty acids in the human frontal cortex. DHA affects neurogenesis, neurotransmitter, synaptic plasticity & transmission, and signal transduction in the brain. Studies in animals and humans show that adequate levels of DHA in neural membranes are important for cortical astrocyte maturation and vascular coupling, and helps cortical glucose uptake and metabolism. In addition, specific metabolites of DHA are bioactive molecules that protect tissues from oxidative injury and stress in the brain. A low DHA level in the brain results in behavior changes and is associated with learning problems and memory deficits. In humans, the third trimester-placental supply of maternal DHA to the growing fetus is critically important as the growing brain obligatory requires DHA during this window period. Besides, DHA is also involved in the early placentation process, essential for placental development. This underscores the critical importance of maternal DHA intake for the structural and functional development of the brain. This review describes DHA's multiple roles during gestation, lactation, and the consequences of its lower intake during pregnancy and postnatally on the children's brain development and function.
Development of Non-Wearing Type Pneumatic Power Assist Device – Basic Concept and Performance Evaluation –
Authors: Yokota Masashi , Takaiwa Masahiro ,   Graduate School Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University 2-1 Minamijyousanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan,   Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University 2-1 Minamijyousanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
Published: October 2020

In Japan, where aging is faster than ever, the shortage of a young labor force is a serious problem, especially in the nursing field to support care recipients and in the primary industrial field to support heavy labor. Hence, the use of power assist devices that mechanically reduce the burden on the body is drawing increasing attention. This study focuses on the lifting motion, which can be performed by two methods, the squat method and the stoop method; the former involves bending the knee and the latter involves using the waist. The squat method is recommended because the burden on the waist is lower than that in the case of the stoop method. Currently, many types of wearable power assist devices to reduce the burden on the waist have been developed; however, they are based on the stoop method because of their assist mechanism. In this study, we developed a non-wearing type pneumatic power assist device that allows the squat method. After describing the basic concept and assist mechanism, the support effects are confirmed through experiments.
A CRITICAL VIEW OF ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING REVISITED: A RESEARCH FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TRAINING PROCESSES IN ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: KIZILDAĞ Duygu , YAŞAR UĞURLU Özlem
Published: October 2020

Organizational learning has been considered as an interesting concept since the 1960s both for the literature and the business world. It can be observed that the studies which examine organizational learning processes are focused more on the positive results of organizational learning such as knowledge creation, improvement, skills development, providing a competitive advantage; and attaining a structure where their employees learn and develop continuously. From the late 1990s and early 2000s, studies, examined the concept with a critical perspective. have also come to light. These studies assess whether organizations actually learn, who learns, whether there is actually an organizational structure in which continuous learning occurs, and whether there is actually a desire for continuous learning. In this study, it is tried to investigate organizational learning from a critical point of view and determine how the unexpected results of organizational learning were perceived in organizations in accordance with the relevant literature. A focus group meeting was held with 11 senior managers received MBA and asked to evaluate the organizational learning process in the focus of the trainings in their companies. Similar with the literature, unexpected results were found due to different dimensions of learning barriers in the organizational learning process.
Hip Dysplasia and Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Authors: Mandel Mark , Saloky Kaitlin , Mirenda William , Seeley Andrea , Seeley Mark
Published: October 2020

Case:

A 1-week-old female patient presented to our clinic with bilateral dislocated hips and was subsequently treated in a Pavlik harness. Harness treatment failed requiring a closed reduction and spica cast application. In the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU), the patient was found to have a right humerus fracture. Six weeks after cast application, the patient was found to have nondisplaced bilateral femur fractures prompting a genetics evaluation. The patient was subsequently found to have osteogenesis imperfecta type 3.

Conclusion:

Perioperative fractures in pediatric patients should raise suspicion for osteogenesis imperfecta. Early diagnosis can improve the management of hip dysplasia and allow for early bisphosphonate therapy.
Influence of abrasive materials on the quality of analytical surfaces during preparation of samples for spectral analysis
Authors: Lagoyskaya M. V.
Published: October 2020

The article considers the possibility of contamination of the surface of steel samples with abrasive materials when preparing samples for determining the chemical composition on optical emission spectrometers.

The standards for sample preparation methods describe in detail the methods of surface treatment, the materials used, and the requirements for the quality of the analyzed surface. The sample surface can be milled or sanded using various abrasive materials. In practice, the laboratory found that the surface of samples during sample preparation is contaminated with aluminum and calcium.

In order to determine how the contamination of analytical surfaces occurs, the chemical composition of all materials used in the preparation of samples was studied, and an experiment was conducted to establish a method for preparing the sample surface that does not lead to contamination of the surface with aluminum and calcium. For the experiment, three standard samples of steel composition were selected with certified values of the mass fraction of aluminum and calcium in different ranges. The surface of each sample was processed in three ways and optical emission spectral analysis was performed on each analytical surface at five points to determine the value of the mass fraction of aluminum and calcium and to estimate the spread of the results obtained.

As a result of tests it was found that by grinding the sample surface by using abrasive white corundum and abrasive paper grit P40 is the surface contamination of the analyzed sample in aluminum and calcium, therefore, when determining the mass fraction of aluminium and calcium in steel are required for surface preparation to use the method of milling.
Analysis of modern composite materials used in the manufacture of model kits for small-scale foundry production, obtained using bonding technology
Authors: Kalinichenko M. L. , Dolgiy L. P. , Kalinichenko U. A.
Published: October 2020

The article presents modern data on the materials used to create model kits, the method of their installation for use on any foundries, specializing in the repair and creation of castings by experimental or small-scale batches. The analysis of the used materials, adhesive compositions for their fastening, as well as economic indicators of the costs necessary for their production was made. The properties of glued joints used for manufacturing components of model kits from plastics and its combinations with metal parts are shown.
Production of metal cord construction size 7 x 7 x 0,22 on root machines type RIR –15
Authors: Matveev O. M. , Shapovalov V. V. , Muzychenko I. V. , Starkina O. A.
Published: October 2020

Since the appearance of the reinforcing material for automobile tires and rubber products, such as metal cord, you can observe its constant development. Tougher competition among the tire manufacturers makes it a priority to develop new and unique types of these products with improved technical characteristics. The article describes the development trend in the production of metal cord for large and super – large tires in Belarus since 2007 and up to the present.

The purpose of this project is to ensure the delivery of large – diameter metal cord to Belshina OJSC in the required volume. The solution to the problem of fulfilling the volume of deliveries of metal cord with a limited number of equipment while maintaining the quality of products is considered. In the process of work, an alternative scheme for manufacturing metal cord was developed, the selection of technological parameters for tuning and twisting was carried out, and the rope equipment was modernized.
The use of the Hungarian Test Your Memory (TYM-HUN), MMSE, and ADAS-Cog tests for patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in a Hungarian population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Garbóczy Szabolcs , Magócs Éva , Szőllősi Gergő , Harsányi Szilvia , Anikó Égerházi , Kolozsvári László
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) often presages the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Accurate and early identification of cognitive impairment will substantially reduce the burden on the family and alleviate the costs for the whole society. There is a need for testing methods that are easy to perform even in a general practitioner’s office, inexpensive and non-invasive, which could help the early recognition of mental decline. We have selected Test Your Memory (TYM), which has proven to be reliable for detecting AD and MCI in several countries. Our study was designed to test the usability of the TYM-HUN comparing with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog) in MCI recognition in the Hungarian population.METHODS: TYM test was translated and validated into Hungarian (TYM-HUN) in a previous study. The TYM-HUN test was used in conjunction with and compared with the MMSE and the ADAS-Cog. For our study, 50 subjects were selected: 25 MCI patients and 25 healthy controls (HC). Spearman’s rank correlation was used to analyse the correlation between the scores of MMSE and ADAS-Cog with TYM-HUN.RESULTS: MCI can be distinguished from normal aging using TYM-HUN. We established a 'cut-off' point of TYM-HUN (44/45points) where optimal sensitivity (80%) and specificity (92%) values were obtained to screen MCI. The total TYM-HUN scores significantly correlated with the MMSE scores (ρ=0.626; p<0.001) and ADAS-Cog scores (ρ=-0.723; p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that the Hungarian version of TYM (TYM-HUN) is a reliable, fast, self-administered questionnaire with the right low threshold regarding MCI and can be used for the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment.
Myopia-26, the female-limited form of early-onset high myopia, occurring in a European family
Authors: Széll Noémi , Feher Tamas , Maróti Zoltán , Kalmár Tibor , Latinovics Dóra , Nagy István , Orosz Zsuzsanna Z. , Janáky Márta , Facskó Andrea , Sohajda Zoltán
Published: October 2020

Background: Female-limited early-onset high myopia, also called Myopia-26 is a rare monogenic disorder characterized by severe short sightedness starting in early childhood and progressing to blindness potentially by the middle ages. Despite the X-linked locus of the mutated ARR3 gene, the disease paradoxically affects females only, with males being asymptomatic carriers. Previously, this disease has only been observed in Asian families and has not gone through detailed investigation concerning collateral symptoms or pathogenesisResults: We found a large Hungarian family displaying female-limited early-onset high myopia. Whole exome sequencing of two individuals identified a novel nonsense mutation (c.214C>T, p.Arg72*) in the ARR3 gene. We carried out basic ophthalmological testing for 18 family members, as well as detailed ophthalmological examination (intraocular pressure, axial length, fundus appearance, optical coherence tomography, visual field- testing) as well as colour vision- and electrophysiology tests (standard and multifocal electroretinography, pattern electroretinography and visual evoked potentials) for eight individuals. Ophthalmological examinations did not reveal any signs of cone dystrophy as opposed to animal models. Electrophysiology and colour vision tests similarly did not evidence a general cone system alteration, rather a central macular dysfunction affecting both the inner and outer (postreceptoral and receptoral) retinal structures in all patients with ARR3 mutation. Conclusions: This is the first description of a Caucasian family displaying Myopia-26. We present two hypotheses that could potentially explain the pathomechanism of this disease.