bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Derechos humanos y derecho a la comunicación
Authors: Chamorro Garcés Fernando
Published: October 2019

Dos temas son inherentes a los derechos humanos: la dignidad y la libertad. La dignidad es una característica propia de los seres humanos y aunque es un término cuya definición no resulta fácil, se lo asocia con ciertas características que identifican la existencia humana y se relacionan con su individualidad y su particular forma de sociabilidad. Para algunos filósofos, como Kant, la dignidad humana deriva de su naturaleza racional, atributo exclusivo de las personas. A nadie se le ocurriría hablar de un mueble digno o de la dignidad de una hormiga o una termita.
Entre los discursos, los intereses y las realidades
Authors: Eugenia Garcés María
Published: October 2019

Empezando por el final: entre los discursos, los intereses y las realidades es la conclusión a la que se arriba luego del recorrido de revisión de información que permita determinar la coherencia entre los discursos y acciones de los y las principales integrantes, o más destacados de Alianza País.
El genoma humano y las enfermedades raras
Authors: Jijón Milton
Published: October 2019

En junio 26 del año 2000, Bill Clinton y Tony Blair, entonces presidente y primer ministro de USA y Gran Bretaña, respectivamente, anunciaron el descubrimiento del genoma humano: los tres mil millones de pares de bases nitrogenadas (adenina – timina y guanina- citosina) que componen nuestro ADN. Se consideró el hecho más trascendente de la historia de la humanidad.

El estudio del genoma humano se completó, sin embargo, solo en el año 2003. Su advenimiento transformó el curso de todas las ramas de las ciencias. Pero la biología, y particularmente la medicina, iban a sufrir descomunales cambios. La clonación, los seres transgénicos, el uso de células madre, los fármacos adaptados a los genes, la genética molecular, la paleogenómica son capítulos en vertiginoso avance, que van modificando la faz viviente del planeta.
El enga˜ño de Sokal
Authors: Weinberg Steven
Published: October 2019

En mayo de 1996 leí una historia en The New York Times sobre un delicioso engaño académico llevado a cabo por el físico Alan Sokal. Éste había enviado un artículo a Social Text, una revista de estudios culturales ahora de moda, y después, tras ser publicado, reveló que había construido su artículo de forma intencionada con pretendidos sinsentidos. Yo conocía ligeramente a Sokal; como estudiante de la licenciatura en Harvard se había matriculado en el curso de doctorado sobre teoría cuántica de campos que yo había impartido en el curso 1974-1975, y había continuado haciendo un buen trabajo de física matemática, parte del cual yo había citado en mi tratado sobre teoría cuántica de campos. Tuve curio- sidad por ver qué clase de travesura había cometido Sokal, así que leí su artículo de Social Text.  Me pareció que Sokal había hecho un gran servicio exponiendo y satirizando los fallos de aquellos posmodernos y relativistas culturales a los que había citado. Escribí a Robert Silvers, editor de The New York Review of Books, para proponerle un artículo sobre el engaño de Sokal; el ensayo que sigue fue el resultado.
El peor cuento antirrealista de Borges: El Sur
Authors: Viscaíno Santiago
Published: October 2019

En “El escritor argentino y la tradición”, dice Borges que “lo verdaderamente nativo suele y puede prescindir del color local”. Así, su literatura no se desentiende del papel que sus detractores advertían en la formación de la identidad argentina y latinoamericana, sino que posibilita la construcción, desde el proceso de sublimación o la “sublimación en proceso”, como la llama Alejandro Moreano, de lo individual hacia lo absoluto, y viceversa.
Estado Constitucional de Derechos y Acción Paradójica
Authors: Milan Fernando Lopez
Published: October 2019

El ejercicio del poder en un Estado de Derecho se encuentra limitado por la ley y los derechos constitucionales de los individuos. Cuando se rompe este equilibrio, el Estado comienza a actuar en contra de sus fines declarados, y se convierte en un Estado para- clónico, es decir, en un Estado que se subvierte a si mismo. Se rompe, de esta manera, el principio de transferencia, según el cual son los derechos humanos los que dotan de contenido a la ley y a la política. El método de acción de un Estado parad6jico es la acción paradójica, acción que, muchas veces, coloca, de manera discrecional, unos derechos sobre otros o ciertos valores sobre los derechos fundamentales. El uso de la accion parad6jica como principal mecanismo de la accion estatal es cada vez mss noto- rio en el gobierno de Refael Correa, especialmente, en lo relativo al uso del sistema penal para frenar los delitos cometidos por los adolescentes. El uso de la accion paradojica, en este campo, se expresa en la adopcion de una propuesta puramente represi-va, que no considera que el procesamiento del delito debe exceder el sistema penal, cuya respuesta es puramente casuistica, y Ilegar al ambito de la politica econ6mica y de la politica social, desde donde el delito puede, realmente, constituirse en un asunto public° y las respuestas tienen la posibilidad de it mss alla de los casos individuales, para centrarse en las condiciones que gene- ran el desafio social expresado en el delito.
Cuento
Authors: Flores Flores Gabriel
Published: October 2019

Cuento
Debate en un solo lado
Authors: Villarruel Acosta Marco
Published: October 2019

El texto hace una breve relación histórica de las fuentes periodísticas en el nuevo marco de las significaciones de la economía política del periodismo. El autor recurre a una amplia casuística para ejemplificar sus aseveraciones. Los géneros periodísticos, las técnicas de redacción, y los aspectos de las fuentes así como los de la Deontología periodística son examinados a la luz de una metodología que explica su origen y evolución a partir de las fuerzas del mercado y de las disputas por el poder político. Aspecto destacado es el análisis del origen de la técnica llamada “Pirámide invertida”, ampliamente utilizada en la redacción informativa.
Tradición y modernidad en el Taller de Metalúrgica
Authors: Burbano Angel Bolívar
Published: October 2019

En una ciudad polarizada, hecha de apellidos y blasones, surge el cholo como una expresión étnica diferente. Entre una de las más importantes colectividades que este configura a comienzos del siglo XX está el artesanado, el mismo que llega a constituir un foco económico que se encuentra en manos de hombres que de generación en generación deciden sobre la unidad doméstica y sobre clases subalternas a su cargo.
Maternidades compartidas
Authors: Carrera Pavlova
Published: October 2019

E1 motivo de mis primeras investigaciones sobre el transcurrir histórico de la población afro-esmeralde- Im' cercana a las poblaciones afrocolombianas', y el cómo de estos procesos, se desprende de mi inter& por una sociedad cuyo desarrollo sucedió de modo paralelo al de la capital republicana. Mi primera investigación sobre esta sociedad, que parece ser de orden matrilineal, surge a partir de un proyecto de recuento histórico para la materia Historia del Ecuador2, en el que a tra y& de memorias familiares contrastadas con investigación bibliográfica, se logró situar históricamente a un familiar, dando cuenta de su contexto, los roles a los que fue sujeto en la sociedad y comic, estos le permitieron ser partícipe de la historia.
El arte de la invención
Authors: Recalde Marcelo
Published: October 2019

Este artículo tiene como propósito fundamental analizar y contrastar el modo en que aparecen representadas las nociones de Historia y Literatura en el cuento El tema del traidor y del héroe, de Jorge Luis Borges. Sobre tales nociones y las relaciones que mantienen en el texto, recaerá nuestro análisis pues pensamos que las diferencias y semejanzas que les suelen asignar las convenciones sociales y académicas son puestas en tela de juicio, e incluso paro- diadas, por el escritor argentino. Desde este punto de vista no se puede dejar de notar que para Borges tanto la Historia como la Literatura (e, incluso, lo que solemos llamar realidad), no son sino modos de relato, es decir, versiones e interpretaciones del mundo.
Significaciones del cuerpo y lo erótico
Authors: Alvear Mariana
Published: October 2019

Este documento explora las categorías de control y displinamiento del cuerpo, a través de un acercamiento a la revista “erótica” para caballeros, Soho. Misma que refleja un debate de las sociedades contemporáneas en torno al cuerpo y a un tipo de cuerpo estetizado y delimitado por cánones armónicos que el mercado impone. En ese sentido, se busca establecer ciertos diálogos entre una propuesta corporal y comunicativa que exhiba de qué manera se están llevando a cabo procesos biopoliticos, no mediados por dispositivos violentos y castigadores.
Cytomorphological spectrum of pleomorphic adenoma in association with clinical parameters.
Authors: Iqbal Fatima , Bashir Nasiha , Saleem Abbas , Mumtaz Khan Muhammad , Naushin Tehmina , Alam Sadaf
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Superficial swellings in the head and neck region pose great difficulties in deciding about their nature. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is of great help in the initial assessment of these lesions. The aim of the article is to help the surgeons in diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma in line with clinical information. Study Design: Retrospective analysis. Setting: Histopathology lab of PMC. Period: 2016 to 2018. Materials and Methods: 60 aspirates of pleomorphic adenoma recruited. All cases were reviewed independently by two pathologists for cytomorphological findings. Results: Spindle shaped myoepithelial cells were more frequently observed in 78% followed by epithelioid 20% and plasmacytoid 1.7% variants. Duct formation was seen in 81.6% and myxoid background in 88.3% aspirates. Out of total 60 cytological smears 56.6% were cellular and 13.3% were hypocellular. In 30% cases the smears showed predominant matrix. Conclusion: Our study concludes that cytomorphological features on FNAC in the light of clinical findings can greatly help the surgeons in management of the patients with salivary gland tumors.
Frequency of placental infarcts in patients with severe placental abruption.
Authors: - Dureshahwar , Afridi Sanodia , Akhter Rubina , Ahmad Irshad , Guftaar Sajida , Naheed Saniya
Published: October 2019

Introduction: Peripheral infarcts on maternal side are relatively common and are not thought to be clinically sig­nificant. However those that occupy more than 5% of the placental mass or are more than 3cm in di­ameter in size are associated with perinatal mortality and morbidity. Objectives: To determine the frequency of placental infracts and its different severity grades among women with severe placental abruption. Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Setting: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. Period: January 2016 to July 2016. Material and Methods: Patients admitted in hypovolemic shock or intrauterine fetal death was considered as severe abruption. Placenta of the subject was collected from labour room of the wards and was fixed in 10% formalin. Gross examination of placenta performed and then the section of placenta was stained with hematoxylin & eosin stain. The consultant pathologist reviewed the slides. All the data was recorded on predesigned Performa and analyzed through SPSS version 11.0. Results: Among 124 cases, majority of women (41.93%) were in the age group 30-40 years and presented at gestation age more than 37 weeks. 21.77% of patients were having placental infarcts of less than 3 cm and 18.54% of cases were having placental infarcts of more than 3 cm. 79.03% of babies born alive, 41.12% were preterm and stillbirth was a finding in 20.96% of cases. Overall frequency of placenta infarcts in patients was 40.32%. Conclusion: Placental infarcts were seen in about 40.32% placentae of women with placental abruption. Association between placental infarcts and preterm babies and stillbirths was also significant.
Perinatal outcomes in pregnant patients presenting with antepartum hemorrhage: Our experiences at a teaching hospital in Central Punjab.
Authors: Mushtaq Rabia , Abbas Afroza , Ahmed Waqas
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Antepartum Hemorrhage is bleeding from or into the genital tract from the period of viability of fetus (28 weeks) till the end of second stage of labor. Antepartum hemorrhage is associated with a very high perinatal mortality rate. We present our experience of perinatal outcomes in cases of antepartum hemorrhage with the aim of highlighting the cause of antepartum hemorrhage and the adverse outcomes. Study Design: Descriptive Cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Sargodha Medical College, Sargodha. Period: Jan 2018 to Jun 2018. Material and Methods: Ninety six pregnant patients between ages of 15-45 years diagnosed as cases of antepartum hemorrhage were enrolled. Patients with coagulation disorders, twin pregnancies, abnormal lie or presentation, previous scar and any known congenital anomaly. Cause of antepartum hemorrhage and mode of delivery was recorded. Perinatal outcomes were determined in terms of frequencies of perinatal mortality, stillbirth and low birthweight babies. Results: The etiology of antepartum hemorrhage in our setup was placenta previa (43.75%); placental abruption (37.5%); Toxemia (10.41%) and unclassified causes in 8.33% patients. The perinatal mortality rate was 43.75% in our study. The overall frequency of low birthweight babies and stillbirth was 62.5% and 27.08% respectively. Conclusion: Antepartum hemorrhage is a major cause of perinatal mortality in our country. A prompt diagnosis of the cause followed by early cesarean section can help reduce the overall mortality.
Frequency of post-operative complications of thyroidectomy.
Authors: Pathan Muhammad Rafique , Mallah Muhammad Qasim , Abbasi Mujeeb Rehman
Published: October 2019

Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of post-operative complications of thyroidectomy. Study Design: Observational study. Setting: LUMHS Jamshoro at the Surgery Department. Period: January 2016 to December 2017. Material and Method: During these two years all the patients visiting surgery department with thyroid swelling were assessed. Assessment of thyroid swelling was done by detailed history and clinical examination. For further assessment of the swelling thyroid function tests (serum T3, T4, TSH level), ultrasound, isotope scanning and FNAC was performed.  Assessed post-operative complications of thyroidectomy. Results: After assessment thyroidectomy was performed in 143 patients. Among them there were 37 males and 106 females. The ages of patients were in the range of 15-55 years and mean age was found to be 38 years. All of these patients have visited us due to complain of thyroid swelling. After complete assessment it was found that most commonly diagnosed thyroid swelling was multinodular goitre (51.04%). On ultrasound findings 60% of patients showed solid consistency whereas cystic and mixed were found in less patients. Post-operative complications were found in 61 patients (42.6%). Hypocalcaemia was the most frequent complication found in 14.68% of patients. Conclusion: Thyroidectomy is a commonly performed procedure in endocrine surgery with low morbidity and mortality. Despite improvements in surgical techniques and anaesthetic equipment, the rate of complications in thyroidectomy is constant. Post-operative measurement of calcium levels in susceptible patients can prevent tetany and emergency room admissions.
Iron deficiency anemia in patients with hypothyroidism, a single center, cross sectional study.
Authors: Zehra Syeda Nosheen , Ali Hamid , Fatima Zaidi Syeda Farheen , Kareem Shahid , Zahir Abdul , Abid Muhammad
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is commonly encountered in patients with hypothyroidism. Many studies demonstrate valuable association between the two; therefore further investigation was required to understand the frequency and association in order to ensure better disease outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of IDA in patients with hypothyroidism, in a tertiary care hospital of Karachi. This Study Design: Single center, cross sectional study. Setting: Department of General Medicine, Liaquat National Hospital Karachi. Period: Feb 2018 to July 2018. Material and Methods: Two hundred seventy four patients with hypothyroidism were selected. Serum iron profile was sent to the institutional laboratory to assess the outcome variable i.e iron deficiency anemia. All the collected information was entered in the prescribed Performa. Results: Out of 274 hypothyroid patients 106 (38.7%) were male and 168 (61.3%) were female with the mean age was 38.82 + 4.009. Anemia was present in 40(14.4 %) patients and amongst them, IDA was observed in 20 (7.2%) patients. Conclusion: From the findings in the study, it was noted that free T4 had an influence on erythrocyte indices, namely hemoglobin levels, mean corpuscular volume and packed cell volume. This outcome therefore demonstrates some association of IDA with hypothyroidism. It is thus prudent to assess individuals with chronic IDA who have already been found negative for common causes of IDA like chronic blood loss menorrahgia in females nutritional deficiencies and worm infestations for hypothyroidism.
Association between obesity and periodontal disease among young and middle aged adults groups.
Authors: Attaullah Khurram , Ahmed Khan Zubair , Sibghatullah Muhammad , Chachar Zaheer Hussain , Shaikh Muhammad Ilyas , Ahmed Shabir
Published: October 2019

Objectives: Developed and developing countries are facing an obesity epidemic with various health consequences. Few studies have addressed the relationship between obesity and periodontal health. The present study assessed the association of ideal weight, overweight and obese patients in two age groups. To compare frequency of periodontal disease among ideal weight, overweight and obese patients presenting in a tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study. Setting: Medical outdoor at tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Period: 15th January to 14th July 2017. Materials & Methods: A total 100 patients came to the medical outpatients department between 25 to 45 years of age were included. Patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria, subjects BMI score was determined by classifying him/her obese, overweight or normal weight. Periodontal pocket depth was determined by WHO probe of at least one tooth from each sextant under supervision of my supervisor and three senior trainees. Frequency of periodontal disease was seen in ideal weight, overweight and obese subjects in both age groups. Results: Age range in his study was from 25 to 45 years with mean age of 36.9 ±7.51 years. Out of 100 patients 66 (66%) were females & 34 (34%) were males and with male to female ratio 1.9:1. Periodontal disease was present in 47 female patients (71%) and in 24 male patients (70%). Periodontal disease was present in over weight and obese patients more than normal weight. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is positive correlation of periodontal disease in overweight and obese patients. The frequency of periodontal disease was highest in old obese patients.
Positive predictive value (PPV) of computed tomography in diagnosing wilms’ tumor using histopathology as gold standard.
Authors: Rasool Mumtaz , Saeed Pansota Mudassar , Mumtaz Fariha , Saleem Muhammad Shahzad , Tabassum Shafqat Ali
Published: October 2019

CT can also accurately identify vascular invasion that will impact surgical approach along with identification of the preoperative parameters associated with increased risk of intraoperative Wilms’ tumor spill. Objectives: To determine positive predictive value of CT scan in diagnosing wilm’s tumour, taking histopathology as gold standard. Study Design: Descriptive, cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Urology & Renal Transplantation Centre, Bahawal Vitoria Hospital, Bahawalpur. Period: From July 2017 to June 2018. Materials & Methods: A total of 81 patients with suspected wilm’s tumour on ultrasonography of age 1-12 years of either gender were included. Patients with recurrent tumour and undergoing pre-op chemotherapy were excluded. All the patients were then underwent CT scan and looked for presence or absence of wilm’s tumour. The results were compared with histopathology. Results: Mean age was 5.23 ± 3.28 years. Majority of the patients 56 (69.14%) were between 1 to 6 years of age. Out of these 81 patients, 61 (75.31%) were female and 20 (24.69%) were males with female to male ratio of 2.9:1. CT scan supported the diagnosis of wilm’s tumour in all 46 patients. Histopathology confirmed wilm’s tumour in 41 (true positive) cases where as 05 (False Positive) had no wilm’s tumour on histopathology. Positive predictive value of CT scan in diagnosing wilm’s tumour, taking histopathology as gold standard was 89.13%. Conclusion: This study concluded that positive predictive value of CT scan in diagnosing wilm’s tumour is quite high.
HCV infection and frequency of distribution.
Authors: Aslam Nighat , Asif Khalid Nadeem , Zafar Sadia , Jamil Amer
Published: October 2019

Worldwide, an estimated 130-170 million people are infected with Hepatitis C. The geographic distribution of HCV infection is highly variable between and within countries. To start the antiviral therapy, it is necessary to find the genotype in order to get better forecast about observed duration of treatment. This also provides the load of virus. Treatments for patients with chronic HCV infection have recently advanced with newly licensed antivirals, which specifically target HCV. Objectives: To find out the prevalence of HCV in Faisalabad region of Pakistan and to evaluate the frequency distribution of various HCV genotypes among those with HCV infection. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional.  Settings: Blood samples were received from Biotech Lab, Pinum cancer hospital Faisal Laboratory, Alshafa lab Jaranwala, Mehran Lab, Samundari, Rashid Lab, Shahkot and Molecular care, Human Molecular Diagnostic Department of Biochemistry University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Period: May 2016 to April 2017. Material and Methods: The data for this study included a total of 382 anti-HCV positive blood sera samples, collected from different collection centers. Nested reverse transcription (RT) PCR was done for the qualitative detection of HCV. RNA using primers that correspond to the relatively conservative 5'UTR noncoding region of the highly mutable HCV were used. Data was analysed using the descriptive statistics. Results: 233 samples were found to be confirm positive for HCV RNA by qualitative PCR.  98 (42%) were females and 135 (58%) were males. The age-group of 36-45 years bear the largest number of HCV patients (37.08%) and smallest number of patients was in the 56-65 years age-group. A total of 87.55% patients belong were below 45 years of age. The genotype 3a, 135 (77%) was the most prevalent form of all HCV genotypes in Faisalabad. A peripheral area of Faisalabad almost same distribution has been observed. The other strains detected were 2a, 29% 3b 11% were males and 5% were female), and none of the patient was detected with 2b, 4a, 5a and 6a genotype of HCV. Conclusion: This data analysis shows that there is no specific relationship of age-groups or genders in case of prevalence of different HCV Genotypes but female patients were found to have higher frequency of HCV infection.
Frequency and severity of depression in primary caregivers of psychotic patients.
Authors: Gul Shehla , Bashir Muhammad Adnan , Ali Sohail
Published: October 2019

Objectives: The study aimed at determining the frequency and severity of depression in primary caregivers of psychotic patients. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Out-patient as well as in-patient setting of Department of Psychiatry, Military Hospital Rawalpindi. Period: Six months, from 20th April 2017 to 19th October 2017. Material and Methods: Purposive, non-probable sampling technique was used. A total of 246 caregivers of the same number of psychotic patients were studied after consent, using the General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28) and Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI). The mean total BDI scores were calculated and correlated with the socio-demographic variables. Results: The mean total GHQ-28 score of 246 caregivers was 7.32 (cut off score is >7) which indicate definite psychopathology among them. Out of 246 caregivers, 175 (71.1%) showed scores greater than 7 (GHQ positive) while 71 (28.9%) showed scores less than 7 (GHQ negative). The mean total BDI score of 175 caregivers (who were GHQ positive) was 17.83 (cut off score for depression is >9). Out of 175 GHQ positive caregivers, 72 (41.14%) showed subclinical or no depression, 49 (28%) showed mild depression, 40 (22.86%) showed moderate depression and 14 (8%) showed severe depression on BDI. The results show that there is considerable caregiver burden in relatives of psychotic patients. Conclusion: Caregivers of psychotic patients suffer clinical depression with obvious negative outcomes for the patient. Younger age group, female gender and illiteracy typically carry a greater risk of experiencing higher burden in terms of depression.
PENDUGAAN BIOMASSA DAN KARBON TERSIMPAN MANGROVE Rhizopora apiculata DAN Sonneratia alba DI DESA SIMAU
Authors: Lembang Ronald K , Huliselan Stenly , Adji Fifin
Published: October 2019

Global warming is now a global issue marked by the increase of carbon dioxide content in the Earth's atmosphere, so that the impact of climate change can affect the ecological, social and economic aspects. The existence of forests is very important as a reducer of CO2

gas through photosynthesis process and can store carbon in the form of biomass, one of mangrove forest. This study aims to determine the total amount of biomass on surface and carbon stored in Rhizoporan apiculata mangrove and Sonneratia alba. The method used is a pathway method by creating a path along 100 meters and then dividing it in 10 x 10 meters randomly determined plots. Biomass estimation uses previously developed allometric equations in both types. The results showed that the biomass on

surface contained in the Rhizopora apiculata type was 7.80 tons/ha and the total carbon deposit was 3.67 tons/ha, while in the Sonneratia alba type, the amount of surface biomass was 3.33 tons/ha and the total carbon storage of 1.5 tons / ha.
Peningkatan Kapasitas Masyarakat Dalam Mengurangi Risiko Bencana Di Desa Bandung Rejo Kabupaten Gorontalo
Authors: Koem Syahrizal , Akase Noviar , Muis Irwan
Published: October 2019

The community capacity building program in reducing disaster risk aims to realize the Bandung Rejo village as a disaster resilient village. Efforts made to achieve community capacity building include: (1) institutional aspects through the establishment of Disaster Risk Management forums (DRR) and Community Disaster Preparedness Teams (CDPT), (2) aspects of capacity building through dissemination and training in the preparation of disaster management plans and contingency plans , (3) aspects of the implementation of disaster management through a program to create a threat map and create disaster warning signs. The establishment of DRR and CDPT forums has a strategic role in minimizing disaster risk. The results achieved from the socialization and training were the availability of Bandung Rejo village disaster risk analysis document. The document can be a reference in making development policies in the village. Based on the results of the analysis conducted by the forum that Bandung Rejo village had a flood hazard level in the medium category. The results of identification and analysis obtained two flood-prone points that were able to reach agricultural land and facilities and infrastructure facilities. The implementation of community capacity building programs in Bandung Rejo village can provide stimulus to local governments and the public about the importance of disaster anticipation.
Workshop Penjurian Dalam Kompetisi Penulisan Kaligrafi Al Qur’an
Authors: Hidayat Nur
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this activity was to improve the calligraphers’ understanding and ability of judging in Al-Qur’an Calligraphy competition which was developed. The subjects of this activity were calligraphers from Gresik East Java. The method that used in this activity was: lecture, question and answer, discussion and practice. The result of this activity showed that the workshop of judging Al-Qur’an calligraphy competition was able to improve the participants’ ability in judging calligraphy, adding the knowledge and applying judgment method in calligraphy competition especially in Musabaqah Khattil Qur’an (Qur’an calligraphy competition).
Analisis Tindakan Preventif Penggunaan Narkoba Pada Remaja Usia Produktif di Surabaya menggunakan PYD Logic Model Studi Kasus: Rumah RANJAU SMAN 21 Surabaya
Authors: Mulyaningsih Sri , Pertiwi Citra
Published: October 2019

In third world countries, controlling the use and consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and types of drugs that can influence other awareness becomes an important national issue. In the first stage, the use of illegal drugs can be associated with an increased risk of criminal activity caused by loss of awareness and disorders of the psychiatric condition. Including Indonesia, which showed an increasing trend in the BNN report in 2010-2015. In following up on these problems, researchers used a qualitative methodology using the Positive Youth Development (PYD) model and produced a tool called a Mine House. As a result, the formation of a Mine House as one of the real implementations of the development of the PYD model has proven to be able to improve the capabilities of young people including students of SMAN 21 Surabaya. Therefore, it can be concluded that the PYD logic model that has been applied in many developing countries is proven to be able to be applied in Indonesia, one of which is at SMAN 21 Surabaya with the Mine Houses tool as a medium for young communities to contribute positively.
On the Problem of the Universality of Modern Western Philosophy Conceptual Framework: The Japanese Case
Authors: Karelova Liubov B.
Published: October 2019

Many years the academic community has been discussing issues of a universal metalanguage as the general conceptual framework of modern social and humanitarian research, especially of philosophy. The article questions the claim that the language of Western philosophy was already accepted as a unified tool in the 20th century. The peculiarities of perception and further application of Western philosophical terminology in Japan in late 19th – first half of the 20th centuries are investigated here as a factual evidence base of argumentation. Special attention is given to examples of translation and interpretation of some concepts of Western origin, such as metaphysics, ethics, logic, substance, subject, etc., as observed in the works of eminent thinkers Nishi Amane, Inoue Tetsujiro, Nishida Kitaro, and Watsuji Tetsuro. The paper provides examples of new original concepts (as they did not have Western equivalents) developed by modern Japanese philosophers, such as Kimura Bin, Hiromatsu Wataru et al. The author concludes that the general conceptual framework that modern philosophy operates with is a very dynamic and open system, capable of transforming in different cultural contexts and in keeping with newly emerging issues that require analysis. The article identifies factors that provide philosophical communication between different cultures at the conceptual level, that is, the presence of a common circle of problems and presence of partial overlap between the key concepts. The author poses the problem of the emergence of new approaches and ideas in a situation of “conflicting interpretations,” or incomplete equivalence of similar notions when used by the parties in a dialogue, casting doubt on possibility, necessity and reasonability of exact reproduction of meanings and “complete domestication” in other cultures.
The Luoshu Magic Square as Evidence of the Rational and Mathematical Orientation of the Chinese Style of Thinking
Authors: Pushkarskaya Natalya V.
Published: October 2019

This article considers the meaning of the ancient Chinese magic square Luoshu. It is known that this square is the most ancient of this type of squares. The importance of the magic square in the philosophical tradition and in the whole culture of China is large. The ancient understanding of number differs from the modern one by its dual character, combining the features of philosophical symbolism and mathematical constructions. Unfortunately, modern interpretations of the Luoshu as well as other numerical constructions preserved by the Chinese tradition are too often limited to a superficial statement of their symbolic, “numerological” nature, ignoring the effects of the mathematical structure represented by them. At the same time, some scholars strongly emphasize the intuitive aspects of numerology, which do not presuppose accuracy. On the contrary, Leibniz saw in the Chinese binary system of thinking the beginning of an exact universal language. The author, appealing to the concept of A.A. Krushinskiy, analyzes the arithmetic laws of the structure of the square. The article shows that the magic square Luoshu is not a numbers game. Without any doubt, its main meaning lies in the application of arithmetic. Chinese magic square is an illustrative implementation of one of the main features of Chinese language and traditional thinking – its rational and mathematical basis. The Luoshu square is a vivid example of visual constructivism in the Chinese style of thinking. By means of the magic square’s scheme, the procedure of generalization that is a basis of concepts formation is carried out. This procedure uses a mathematical magic square algorithm based on the numerical codes of the five elements. The quinary spontaneous symbolism is rooted in the Chinese traditional culture of thinking and life order.
Methodological and Substantial Arguments Against “Conceptual Eurocentrism”
Authors: Paribok Andrew V. , Pskhu Ruzana V.
Published: October 2019

This paper summarized the basic results of the philosophical discussion that was held in the Institute of Philosophy of Russian Academy of Sciences on April 25, 2019. The authors had been the main opponents of Andrey Krushinskiy approach, according to which there are processes of monopolization of discourse domain by the European conceptual apparatus of philosophy in the contemporary Chinese philosophy. In other words, in opinion of Andrey Krushinskiy, this “conceptual Eurocentrism” is the future of every possible attempt of philosophizing in any national philosophical tradition, and there is no possibility to philosophize outside this European philosophical terminology. This approach is to be balanced by two critical arguments, which can be conventionally named as “civilization bound argumentation” (Andrew Paribok) and argumentationad professionem(Ruzana Pskhu). The first one states that all things which can confirm Krushinskiy approach have extrinsic value, not philosophical or conceptual. And the second one states that the double professionalism, which could include both European approach and the absolute competency in non-European tradition, compared with the level of its representative, is beyond the possibilities of any human mind (exceptional geniuses are excluded). Demonstration of this assertion is accomplished on the base of investigation of Sanskrit by European scholars.
Is the Conceptual Eurocentrism So Much Frightening?
Authors: Kanaeva Nataliya A.
Published: October 2019

The article is a response to the criticism of “conceptual Eurocentrism” expressed in the paper by A.A. Krushinsky at the Round Table on the Geography of Rationality on April 25, 2019. It deals with the main thesis of A.A. Krushinsky that in cross-cultural philosophical studies the Western conceptual matrix currently defines a single conceptual space for all participants, the language of Western philosophy acts as a trans-civilizational language in the world philosophy. The author of the article agrees with the main thesis, however she does not agree with its arguments and two consequences: (a) it is necessary to consider Western rationality as “rationality as such,” and (b) there is no multi-polarity in the current philosophy though there are a lot of traditions of philosophical discourse, which identify and articulate themselves by means of Western conceptuality (that is why we may speak on so-called “philosophical geography” only). The arguments do not stand comparison with the search of future philosophy, conducted now by the world philosophical community. The search is aiming to equality of all philosophical traditions. The article proves that conceptual Eurocentrism is not so much a danger as an objective necessity. Its spread is a manifestation of tendency to creative mutual borrowing of cultural inventions. The tendency always had place, but it was not so obvious in the conditions of preglobal history. The consequences of Krushinskiy’s thesis are refuted by the evidence that the Western philosophers denied to use the concept universal rationality and began studies of the various types of rationality. The author also provides an example of the creative borrowing and use of European concepts “rationality,” “positive knowledge,” “truth,” “scientific method,” “hypothesis” by the Indian philosopher of science B. Seal, who applied these concepts to the Indian material.
ASSESSMENT OF CALCULATION ACCURACY OF BUCKWHEAT WATER CONSUMPTION BY BIOCLIMATIC METHODS
Authors: Kruzhilin I. P. , Kolotova Yu. I.
Published: October 2019

The accuracy of determining the total water consumption in buckwheat crop sowing was estimated using bioclimatic methods taking into account the sum of daily average temperatures and air humidity deficit (control - water balance method). Field experiments were carried out in 2010 - 2014 on the irrigated plot of DalGAU in the village of Gribsky, Blagoveshchensk district, Amur region. The water regime of the active layer (0.4 m) was maintained by irrigation of at least 70% HB. The fertilizers dose (N40P80K20) is determined to obtain a yield of 1.5 t / ha of grain. The Amurskaya mestnaya variety buckwheat was sown with 0.15 m row-spacings under winter ploughing with a focus on the maximum use of monsoon rains in the first two years of June 15 and 14, and the third and fourth on June 19. Comparison of soil moisture consumption by the sum of daily average temperatures and air humidity deficit during the growing and interphase periods was in favor of the temperature method. Deviations of water consumption, determined by the temperature indicator, did not exceed 10% of the control, while by the sum of air humidity deficits in the interphase periods they exceeded 20%, and in some years even 50%. It has been established that in the conditions of the southern agricultural zone of the Amur Region, the bioclimatic method based on the correlation of soil moisture consumption with the sum of average daily air temperatures gives closer to the control measurement of this indicator by the method of water balance. The temperature bioclimatic coefficient of evaporation is less variable over the years than the coefficient of correlation of soil moisture consumption with the sum of air humidity deficits. The use of short- and medium-term weather forecasts to determine the water consumption flow by cultivated plants makes it possible to plan irrigation dates and program the management of soil water regime.
IMPACT OF GAMMA RADIATION ON STORAGE TIME AND QUALITY OF GRAPES
Authors: Loy N. N. , Sanzharova N. I. , Chizh T. V. , Gulina S. N.
Published: October 2019

The effect of gamma radiation in the dose range of 0.5-3.0 kGy (dose rate of 100 Gy / h) on the shelf life and quality of the grapes was studied. It has been established that storage of irradiated grapes under different conditions for temperature and humidity: 1 mode - t - 3-50 С, humidity 76%, 2 - t - 10.80 С, humidity 83.4% and 3 - t – 17.50 С, humidity 73%, influenced the efficiency of irradiation. It was noted that with 1 mode, the smallest weight loss of the fetuses was observed at a dose of 1.5 kGy (1%), with 2 mode losses were at the control level (dose 3.0 kGy) or exceeded it by 3-3.5 times (doses 0.5 and 1.5 kGy). In the third mode, with radiation doses of 0.5 and 1.5 kGy, weight loss on day 3 reached 2 and 4%, respectively, and remained unchanged throughout the experiment, which was 5 and 3 times lower than in the control, and when irradiated with a dose The mass loss at 3.0 kGy on the date of the last counting, as in the control variant, was 14%. It was shown that with the first storage mode, with the irradiation doses of 0.5-3.0 kGy, the sugar content increased by 13-31%, and with the second mode - by 4-8%. In the third mode, the sugar content was at the control level at a dose of 3.0 kGy and 10 and 5% below the control when irradiated with doses of 0.5 and 1.5 kGy. Irradiation of grapes in the range of 0.5–3.0 kGy resulted in a statistically significant increase in ascorbic acid by a factor of 2–2.5 in 1 mode, a decrease of 18–36% in 2 mode and multidirectional effects in 3 mode.
ALLOCATION OF SOURCES AND DONORS OF ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE TRAITS FROM THE COLLECTION MATERIAL OF CUCUMBER TO CREATE HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS
Authors: Kulyakina N. V. , Kuzmitskaya G. A. , Yurechko T. K.
Published: October 2019

The downy mildew (peronosporosis) is the most dangerous and harmful cucumber disease in the Far-Eastern region. Its harmfulness is the highest during the period of flowering – fruiting, because it may completely ruin the cucumber plants both in open and protected ground. Use of cucumber sorts with effective genes that are resistant to the disease is the most efficient way to fight cucumber peronosporosis. In this connection the publication adduces the facts of study the sorts and hybrids of different ecological and geographical origin from the genetic resources collection of the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) in comparison with three zoned sorts of DV NIISH selection – Mig, Khabar, Amurchonok. The aim of researches – to identify the sort samples cucumber according to the main economically valuable traits and also to the degree resistance of genetypes to the main disease of the culture in the region – downy mildew (peronosporosis), for allow to select the source material for the creation of sorts and hybrids, highly productive and resistant to biotic and abiotic stress environmental factors in the monsoon climate conditions of Khabarovsk region. The perspective genetypes having both the resistance to the diseases and productivity are not revealed as a result of the evaluation of the collection of cucumber samples according to their susceptibility by fungus diseases and productivity. Slavyanskiy (Belarus) is more resistant to peronosporosis, especially in 2016 year conditions, although it was inferior to the damage degree of disease to the zoned sorts – Mig, Khabar, Amurchonok. This perspective sample is planned to be used as a source of donors of the main economically valuable traits in a further selective work.
SCREENING OF WHEAT LR-GENES FOR RESISTANCE TO PUCCINIA TRITICINA IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS REGION CONDITIONS
Authors: Volkova G. V. , Kudinova O. A. , Vaganova O. F.
Published: October 2019

Currently, more than 70 wheat rust resistance genes are known, but few of them are effective. The purpose of this work is to screen lines of Lr gene carriers for resistance to leaf rust under conditions of the North Caucasus region. Investigations were carried out in 2016-2018 at the infectious site of VNIIBZR. Research material was 49 near isogenic lines of winter wheat cultivar Thatcher. Infectious material was the combined populations of P. triticina, obtained as a result of route surveys of industrial and breeding crops of winter wheat in the areas of the Krasnodar, Stavropol Territories and the Rostov Region, conducted in 2016-2018. According to the assessment, the genes are ranked as follows: - highly efficient genes (plants with no signs of damage): Lr9, Lr42, Lr43 + 24 and Lr50; effective (1R-5R) Lr genes: 19, 24, 29, 36, 37, 38, 45, 47; moderately effective (10MR-20MR) Lr genes: 17, 18, 21, 22a, 28, 32, 41, 52. The remaining Lr-lines were susceptible to P. triticina (25 MR - 90S) to varying degrees. Highly efficient and effective genes Lr9, Lr19, Lr24, Lr29, Lr38, Lr42, Lr43 + 24, Lr47 and Lr50 showed resistance in the seedling phase and can be recommended for inclusion in breeding programs to protect wheat from leaf rust in different phases of plant ontogenesis in the North Caucasus region.
PRECLINICAL STUDY OF THE VETERINARY DRUGS TOXICITY
Authors: Rakhmatullin E. K. , Sklyarov O. D.
Published: October 2019

Preclinical study of the drugs toxicity was analysed it allows predicting the safety of veterinary drugs in laboratory animals. The fundamental normative instruments in the field of preclinical study of drugs for veterinary medicine and animal husbandry are Order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation dated 06.03.2018 N 101 and GOST 33044-2014 Principles of Good Laboratory Practice. An important indicator of the preclinical study of the veterinary drugs is the determination (calculation) of median lethal dose value (lethal dose for half of the animals tested) or concentration (LD50 or LC50). Existing methods for determining this indicator make it possible at the initial study stage to determine the degree and class the drug of toxicity. Studying the symptoms of intoxication in the analysis of pharmacological substances one obtains significant information about the nature of the action of the future drug. The clinical manifestations of intoxication with damage to various organ systems are presented. As criteria for assessing the toxic effects of veterinary drugs it is recommended to determine LD50, cumulation coefficient, latitude index of therapeutic effects, dose level of toxic effects in the experiment which allows predicting the nature and degree of toxic effects of the drug even at the stage of preclinical veterinary drugs study.