bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using SCADA to Detect and Locate Bursts in a Long-Distance Water Pipeline
Authors: Cheng Weiping , Fang Hongji , Xu Gang , Chen Meijun
Published: November 2018

Pipe bursting is a serious problem for water supply systems. We propose a two-step burst detection and localization method for a long-distance water transportation pipeline. First, we use the Dempster–Shafer theory, an effective inference method for processing uncertain information, and combine two risk functions to identify a pipe burst. Then we identify the location of the burst point using a hydraulic model. The method is prototyped on a transportation pipeline in Guangzhou, China and tested with one-year historical records. The detection system correctly identified all the bursts and the alarm rate is acceptable for the system inspectors (average: two alarms/month). The burst location is identified within the acceptable limits of accuracy.
Les hydroxydes d'aluminium des argiles bauxitiques de l'Ayrshire (Écosse)
Authors: Lapparent Jacques de
Published: November 2018

Les bauxitic clays de l'Ayrshire contiennent en grande quantité la bœhmite et, en petite quantité le diaspore. Du fait de leur charge d'hydroxydes d'aluminium elles justifient leur nom d'argiles bauxitiques.

Le diaspore s'y est formé après la bœhmite. Il doit son origine à la subsidence des sédiments qui eut pour effet de mettre au niveau d'isogéothermes élevées l'aire bauxitique.

Mais la bœhmite bien formée est le premier effet de cette subsidence : elle résulte de l'envahissement de l'aire bauxitique par les eaux humiques qui favorisaient la formation de beaux cristaux.

Les gores et tonstein du bassin houiller de la Sarre et de celui de la Loire ont, eux aussi, élaboré leurs matériaux dans des eaux humiques ; mais ces matériaux n'avaient pas été préalablement latéritisés.

Le minéral caractéristique des gores et tonstein auquel on a donné le nom de leverriérite est un édifice épitaxique de kaolinite et de muscovite.
Étude de perturbations cristallines produites par des ions de moyenne énergie
Authors: Jouffrey Bernard
Published: November 2018

Des bombardements ioniques ont été effectués sur des monocristaux d'or maintenus à la température ambiante ou à une température plus élevée et observés ensuite au microscope électronique par transmission. A la température ambiante, on observe des boucles de dislocations allongées si le bombardement correspond à une charge ionique assez forte sur l'échantillon. L'étude du comportement de ces défauts au cours de recuits montre que ce sont des dipôles de dislocations. Le bombardement d'un échantillon porté à la température de 200° C entraîne la formation de nouveaux défauts. Ces défauts sont des bulles de gaz. Il est possible d'obtenir une condensation de telles bulles sur des boucles de dislocations.
La digénite sélénifère de Musonoï (Katanga)
Authors: Oosterbosch Robert , Picot Paul , Pierrot Roland
Published: November 2018

La digénite sélénifère a été découverte dans la partie inférieure de la zone d'oxydation du gisement de cuivre de Musonoï situé près de Kolwezi (Katanga).

Isostructurale de la digénite normale cubique, avec a = 5,62 Å, raies intenses du diagramme de poudre = 1,986 (FFF), 3,24 (F), 2,82 et 1,695 (mF). Les pouvoirs réflecteurs sont donnés en fonction des différentes longueurs d'onde.

La teneur en sélénium, obtenue à la microsonde électronique varie de 8 à 18 %. Pour la digénite la plus riche, la formule s'écrit Cu₇,₀₅ S₂,₅₆ Se₁,₄₄ ou Cu₇ (S, Se)₄.

Les minéraux associés sont représentés par : malachite, kasolite, cuprosklodowskite, wulfénite et divers sélénites en cours d'étude.
Certaines particularités minéralogiques des tactites à scheelite du nord-est du Brésil
Authors: Goñi Juan C. , Picot Paul
Published: November 2018

Dans la mine Barra Verde, qui fait partie de la province tungstifère du Nord-Est brésilien, nous avons trouvé des cristaux de scheelite noire, ainsi qu'une tactite à biotite, qui font l'objet de la présente note.

Ces observations préliminaires permettent de mettre en évidence la coexistence, dans ce gisement, de deux types de tactite à scheelite, l'une normale à gros cristaux (association grossulaire˗quartz˗épidote˗diopside˗vésuvianite˗fluorine˗tourmaline), et l'autre, similaire à celle trouvée à Sangdong (Corée) composée essentiellement de biotite, associée accessoirement à l'épidote, la hudsonite, l'apatite et le zircon, toujours en petits cristaux, et disséminés dans la masse de la biotite.

La minéralisation tungstifère apparaît dans certains niveaux calcaires (formation Serido, Précambrien) sans relation directe avec des roches plutoniques.
Evolution spatio-temporelle du chimisme des eaux thermominérales des monts de la cheffia (nord-est algérien)
Authors: Alayat Hacène , Lamouroux Claude
Published: November 2018

Spatio-temporal chemical evolution of thermo-mineral springs in Monts

of Cheffia (north-east of Algeria)

The Mounts of Cheffia, located at the extreme Algerian north-east, are the seat of thermomineral springs. The most visited by the curists are Hammam Sidi Trad, Zatout and Beni Salah. The others are forsaken for lack of arranged accesses. The preliminary results of the study of water of these griffons are presented in this note. The first analyses, of which we are informed, go up at 1968. The data collected (2001, 2002) allowed the physicochemical characterization of water, illustrated by their projection on the diagram of Piper and by the statistical analysis. We could identify several chemical fades and distinguish two groups of griffons :

- One characterizes unsalted water or not very mineral-bearing and with odor

of hydrogen sulphide represented by Sidi Trad.

- The other characterizes salted water, rich in bicarbonate and out of dissolved C02.
Les Microcodium : un traceur naturel des écoulements karstiques dans les craies champenoises à proximité des formations paléocènes (Marne, France)
Authors: Lejeune Olivier , Devos Alain , Fronteau Gilles , Roche David , Lefèvre Anthony , Sosson Christelle
Published: November 2018

Le GEGENA a été recommandé pour étudier les écoulements karstiques de la craie de Champagne dans le cadre d'un programme de recherche (AQUAL) sur les pollutions agricoles du bassin de la Vesle. L'absence de conditions optimales à la réalisation de traçages hydrogéologiques colorimétriques a amené à rechercher un traceur naturel afin de démontrer l'existence de circulations de type karstique. Ainsi, l'étude fine de la stratigraphie a permis d'isoler un fossile (Microcodium) qui est présent dans la partie supérieure de la craie du Campanien et qui est susceptible de constituer un traceur naturel dans les karsts de la craie sur le pourtour de la Montagne de Reims. Ce traceur est localement accompagné d'éléments archéologiques permettant de montrer que les modalités d'écoulement sont de type karstique. La source de Trépail a constitué un site pilote pour la validation de la méthode proposée dans cet article : les sédiments prélevés dans cette source, ainsi que dans plusieurs autres grandes sources de la région, ont en effet livré de nombreux restes de Microcodium.
Variable Outer Disk Shadowing around the Dipper Star RXJ1604.3–2130*
Authors: Pinilla P. , Benisty M. , Boer J. de , Manara C. F. , Bouvier J. , Dominik C. , Ginski C. , Loomis R. A. , Aguilar A. Sicilia
Published: November 2018

Low brightness dips have recently been observed in images of protoplanetary disks, and they are believed to be shadows by the inner disk. We present VLT/SPHERE polarimetric differential imaging of the transition disk around the dipper star RX J1604.3–2130. We gathered 11 epochs that cover a large temporal baseline, to search for variability over timescales of years, months, weeks, and days. Our observations unambiguously reveal two dips along an almost face-on narrow ring (with a width of ∼20 au), and the location of the peak of this ring is at ∼65 au. The ring lies inside the ring-like structure observed with ALMA, which peaks at ∼83 au. This segregation can result from particle trapping in pressure bumps, potentially due to planet(s). We find that the dips are variable, both in morphology and in position. The eastern dip, at a position angle (PA) of ∼83.°7 ± 13.°7, has an amplitude that varies between 40% to 90%, and its angular width varies from 10° to 34°. The western dip, at a PA of ∼265.°90 ± 13.°0, is more variable, with amplitude and width variations of 31% to 95% and 12° to 53°, respectively. The separation between the dips is 178.°3 ± 14.°5, corresponding to a large misalignment between the inner and outer disks, supporting the classification of J1604 as an aperiodic dipper. The variability indicates that the innermost regions are highly dynamic, possibly due to a massive companion or to a complex magnetic field topology.
Fast-spinning Black Holes Inferred from Symmetrically Limb-brightened Radio Jets
Authors: Takahashi Kazuya , Toma Kenji , Kino Motoki , Nakamura Masanori , Hada Kazuhiro
Published: November 2018

This paper theoretically investigates the relations between the structure of relativistic jets and produced synchrotron images, by using a steady, axisymmetric force-free jet model. We especially focus on the limb-brightened jets that are largely symmetric to the jet axes and observed in some active galactic nuclei, such as M87, Mrk 501, Cyg A, and 3C84. We find that symmetrically limb-brightened images can be produced when magnetic field lines of the jet penetrate a fast-spinning black hole (BH), as motivated by the Blandford–Znajek mechanism. On the other hand, jets with magnetic field lines that pass through a slowly spinning BH or the Keplerian accretion disk produce highly asymmetric radio images. In addition, the edge of a counterjet tends to be luminous in the accretion-disk model even for rather small viewing angles, which may be problematic for some observed jets. We also suggest that the site of particle accelerations in relativistic jets can be constrained by fitting the radio images to observations. This kind of study focusing on the jet images far away from the central engine is complementary to those concentrating directly on the innermost region with upcoming data from the Event Horizon Telescope.
The Physical and Chemical Properties of the ρ Ophiuchi A Dense Core
Authors: Chen Yu-Ching , Hirano Naomi
Published: November 2018

The physical and chemical properties of the ρ Ophiuchi A core were studied using 1.3 mm continuum and molecular lines such as C18O, C17O, CH3OH, and H2CO observed with the Submillimeter Array. The continuum and C18O data were combined with the single-dish data obtained with the IRAM 30 m telescope and the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, respectively. The combined 1.3 mm continuum map reveals three major sources, SM1, SM1N, and VLA 1623, embedded in the extended emission running along the north–south direction, and two additional compact condensations in the continuum ridge connecting SM1 and VLA 1623. The spatial distribution of the C18O emission is significantly different from that of the continuum emission; the C18O emission is enhanced at the eastern and western edges of the continuum ridge, with its peak brightness temperature of 40–50 K. This supports the picture that the ρ-Oph A core is heated externally from the nearby stars Oph S1 and HD 147889. In contrast, the C18O intensity is lower than 15–20 K at the center of the ridge, where the continuum emission is bright. The C18O abundance decreases inside the ridge and shows anticorrelation with the N2H+ abundance. However, both C18O and N2H+ show strong depletion at the Class 0 protostar VLA 1623, implying that the dense gas surrounding VLA 1623 is colder than the freeze-out temperature of N2. The blue- and redshifted components of CH3OH and H2CO lines are seen at SM1, suggesting outflow activity of an embedded source in SM1, although the spatial distributions do not show clear bipolarity.
Candidate List of Edge-on Galaxies with Substantial Extraplanar Dust
Authors: Shinn Jong-Ho
Published: November 2018

We present a list of edge-on galaxies that might have substantial extraplanar dust. Twenty-three edge-on galaxies were selected as target galaxies from an edge-on galaxy catalog, and their Galaxy Evolution Explorer far-ultraviolet images were fitted with a three-dimensional radiative transfer galaxy model. The galaxy model is described by two disks: one for the light source and the other for the dust. The best-fit parameters were found by employing a global optimization method called differential evolution. To find the galaxies with substantial extraplanar dust using the best-fit parameters, we plotted the ratio of scale height to galactic diameter: z

s
/D
25,ph (light source) versus z

d
/D
25,ph (dust). We found that 17 and 6 galaxies fall on the region of (z

s
/D
25,ph × 100) >0.2 and (z

s
/D
25,ph × 100) < 0.2, respectively. The former is labeled “high-group” and the latter is labeled “low-group.” We conclude that “high-group” galaxies likely have substantial extraplanar dust, while “low-group” galaxies likely have little extraplanar dust, i.e., typical galactic thin disks, based on the following points: (1) the relative positions of “high-group” and “low-group” on the plot z

s
/D
25,ph versus z

d
/D
25,ph with respect to the reference values from optical radiative transfer studies; (2) the lower scale height of the young stellar population than the old stellar population; and (3) a test result that shows the existence of extraplanar dust causes z

s
and z

d
to be overestimated in the fitting results. We also examined the dependence of the group separation on the surface density of far-ultraviolet luminosity (

), but found no strong dependence.
WINERED High-resolution Near-infrared Line Catalog: A-type Star
Authors: Sameshima Hiroaki , Ikeda Yuji , Matsunaga Noriyuki , Fukue Kei , Kobayashi Naoto , Kondo Sohei , Hamano Satoshi , Kawakita Hideyo , Yasui Chikako , Izumi Natsuko , Mizumoto Misaki , Otsubo Shogo , Takenaka Keiichi , Watase Ayaka , Asano Akira , Yoshikawa Tomohiro
Published: November 2018

We present a catalog of absorption lines in the z′, Y, and J bands that we identified in 21 Lyn, a slowly rotating A0.5 V star. We detected 155 absorption features in the high-resolution (0.90–1.35 μm, R = 28,000) spectrum obtained with the WINERED spectrograph after the telluric absorption was carefully removed using a spectrum of a B-type star as a telluric standard. With a visual comparison with synthetic spectra, we compiled a catalog of 219 atomic lines for the 155 features, some of which are composed of multiple fine structure lines. The high-quality WINERED spectrum enabled us to detect a large number of weak lines down to ∼1% in depth, which are identified for an A-type star for the first time. The catalog includes the lines of H, C, N, O, Mg, Al, Si, S, Ca, Fe, and Sr. These new lines are expected to be useful for spectral classification and chemical abundance analyses, while the line catalog is useful for observers who plan to use A-type stars as telluric standards because it is necessary to distinguish between stellar lines and telluric absorption lines in high-resolution spectra. ASCII versions of the spectra are available in the online version of the journal.
Effect of Low Temperature Steel Ball Peening on the Hardness of SS 316L
Authors: Widodo Teguh Dwi , Raharjo Rudianto , Sugiono  , Wahyudiono Arif
Published: November 2018

The aim of this research is to investigate the hardness of implant material Stainless Steel (SS) 316L due to ball peening at low temperature. In this paper, SS316L ball peening was conducted in various cryogenic temperature. The steel ball peening mechanism was bombarded on metal surface using peening ball. The shot peening treatment was performed for 10 minutes using steel balls with the size of 5 mm and 6 Bar compressed air flow. The treatment temperatures were carried out at-35°C, -45°C, and-55°C respectively. The results show that the hardness of SS316L after steel ball peening processes increasing as decreasing temperature treatment.
FTIR and XRD Evaluation of Magnesium Doped Hydroxyapatite/Sodium Alginate Powder by Precipitation Method
Authors: Kanasan Nanthini , Abu Bakar Sharifah Adzila Syed , Rahman Hamimah Abdul , Bano Nazia , Panerselvan G. , Hidayati Nafisah Arina
Published: November 2018

Composites material were developed to acquire the desired material properties for biomedical applications in the recovery of defect bone by using Mg-doped HA/SA. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is the major constituent and essential component in bone and teeth. The stability of Mg doped HA/SA is influenced by starting precursor powders, preparation condition and method of preparing the samples for implant materials. The precipitation method was employed to prepare Mg-doped HA/SA powders by varying the composition of Mg at temperature 1300 C. The influence of Mg-doped HA/SA on phase composition, chemical structure and a functional group at various weight percentages (0.5wt%-1.5wt %) were accomplished through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. Based on the XRD and FTIR analyses, there is the presence of different peaks intensity and adsorption bands which indicates the shifted of peaks due to the doping process and a chemical interaction were observed between the inorganic and organic phase. Furthermore, the transformation of β-TCP due to increase in sintering temperatures are caused by the presence of magnesium ions. The OH stretching bands of HA/SA are trace by FTIR that identified the decomposition of Mg-doped HA/SA.
Politics and tourism development: The case of Northern Province - Sri Lanka
Authors: Sivesan S.
Published: November 2018

The concept of tourism development has become the focus of increasing attention among tourism practitioners and scholars alike. Little research, however, has been undertaken to investigate the relationship between politics and tourism development in Sri Lanka from the perspective of stakeholders. The main objective of this study is to explore the relationship between politics and tourism development in Northern Province – Sri Lanka. Drawing on study in Northern Province in Sri Lanka, it reveals the ways in which political instability and political interferences have viewed as major obstacles to tourism development. Further, this study concludes that stakeholders, including the state, the provincial authorities and investors, have a willingness to promote the industry. This study offers meaningful information for developing strategy on the part of tourism management in the absence of political interferences.
Hippo Pathway Kinase Mst1 Is Required for Long-Lived Humoral Immunity
Authors: Bagherzadeh Yazdchi Sahar , Witalis Mariko , Meli Alexandre P. , Leung Joanne , Li Xin , Panneton Vincent , Chang Jinsam , Li Joanna , Nutt Stephen L. , Johnson Randy L. , Lim Dae-Sik , Gu Hua , King Irah L. , Suh Woong-Kyung
Published: November 2018

The protein kinase Mst1 is a key component of the evolutionarily conserved Hippo pathway that regulates cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and migration. In humans, Mst1 deficiency causes primary immunodeficiency. Patients with MST1-null mutations show progressive loss of naive T cells but, paradoxically, mildly elevated serum Ab titers. Nonetheless, the role of Mst1 in humoral immunity remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that early T cell–dependent IgG1 responses in young adult Mst1-deficient mice were largely intact with signs of impaired affinity maturation. However, the established Ag-specific IgG1 titers in Mst1-deficient mice decayed more readily because of a loss of Ag-specific but not the overall bone marrow plasma cells. Despite the impaired affinity and longevity of Ag-specific Abs, Mst1-deficient mice produced plasma cells displaying apparently normal maturation markers with intact migratory and secretory capacities. Intriguingly, in immunized Mst1-deficient mice, T follicular helper cells were hyperactive, expressing higher levels of IL-21, IL-4, and surface CD40L. Accordingly, germinal center B cells progressed more rapidly into the plasma cell lineage, presumably forgoing rigorous affinity maturation processes. Importantly, Mst1-deficient mice had elevated levels of CD138+Blimp1+ splenic plasma cell populations, yet the size of the bone marrow plasma cell population remained normal. Thus, overproduced low-affinity plasma cells from dysregulated germinal centers seem to underlie humoral immune defects in Mst1-deficiency. Our findings imply that vaccination of Mst1-deficient human patients, even at the early stage of life, may fail to establish long-lived high-affinity humoral immunity and that prophylactic Ab replacement therapy can be beneficial to the patients.
RORγt Represses IL-10 Production in Th17 Cells To Maintain Their Pathogenicity in Inducing Intestinal Inflammation
Authors: Sun Mingming , He Chong , Chen Liang , Yang Wenjing , Wu Wei , Chen Feidi , Cao Anthony T. , Yao Suxia , Dann Sara M. , Dhar T. G. Murali , Salter-Cid Luisa , Zhao Qihong , Liu Zhanju , Cong Yingzi
Published: November 2018

The role of retinoid-related orphan receptor γ t (RORγt) in Th17 cell differentiation has been well established; however, how it regulates other T cell lineages is still not clearly understood. In this study, we report that in mice, while promoting Th17 cell differentiation, RORγt inhibited IL-10 production by T cells, thereby preserving the pathogenicity of Th17 cells. Treatment with RORγt-specific inhibitor suppressed Th17 cell signature cytokines, but promoted IL-10 production. RORγt inhibitor–treated Th17 cells induce less severe colitis compared with control Th17 cells. Mechanistically, the RORγt inhibitor induced T cell expression of Blimp-1 (encoded by Prdm1). Prdm1−/− T cells produced significantly fewer IL-10 when treated with RORγt inhibitor compared with wild-type T cells. Furthermore, RORγt inhibitor–treated Prdm1−/− Th17 cells induce more severe colitis compared with RORγt inhibitor–treated wild-type Th17 cells. Collectively, our studies reveal a novel mechanism by which RORγt drives and maintains pathogenic Th17 cell development by inhibiting IL-10 production.
Luščenje definicijskih kandidatov iz specializiranih korpusov
Authors: Pollak Senja
Published: November 2018

Predstavljamo metodo za luščenje definicij iz specializiranih korpusov. Metoda je bila razvita za slovenščino in angleščino, sestavljajo pa jo trije pristopi: v prvem definicije luščimo z leksikoskladenjskimi vzorci, drugi uporablja avtomatsko izluščeno terminologijo, tretji pa lušči stavke, v katerih se nahajata pojem in njegova nadpomenka iz semantičnega leksikona wordnet. Metodologijo smo preizkusili na primeru področja jezikovnih tehnologij. Za namene modeliranja izbranega področja smo zgradili primerljivi slovensko-angleški Korpus jezikovnih tehnologij, izluščene kandidate pa smo uporabili pri gradnji Glosarja jezikovnih tehnologij. Celotno metodologijo smo strnili v prosto dostopen delotok, implementiran v spletnem okolju za gradnjo delotokov Clowdflows. V delotok lahko uporabnik prek spleta naloži korpus v različnih formatih, ga jezikoslovno označi, izlušči terminologijo in kandidate za definicije ter rezultate vizualizira ali shrani.
Macmillan English Dictionary: The End of Print?
Authors: Rundell Michael
Published: November 2018

Prispevek predstavlja prehod slovarja Macmillan English Dictionary (MED) iz tiskanega v spletni medij s poudarkom na odločitvi, da bo slovar na voljo zgolj v spletni obliki. Pojasnjeno je ozadje odločitve, ki je povezana s tehnološkimi spremembami ter spremembami v navadah in potrebah slovarskih uporabnikov. Ali je bila takšna poteza neizogibna? Bodo podobno pot (prej ali slej) ubrali tudi ostali izdajatelji slovarjev? Predstavljen je razmislek o slabih plateh opustitve tiskane različice slovarja in prednostih digitalnih medijev. Splet sicer ponuja mnoge čudovite priložnosti (od katerih so številne še neraziskane), vendar pa prinaša tudi nove zahteve. Slovarski uporabniki imajo danes na voljo mnogo prostodostopnih strani referenčnih virov in s tem veliko izbire pri iskanju leksikalnih informacij. Ravno zato so založniki pod pritiskom, da morajo nenehno dodajati nove vrste vsebin, izboljševati kakovost oblikovanja slovarskih vmesnikov ter s tem uporabniško izkušnjo in – kar je najpomembneje – ohranjati vsebino aktualno, tj. čim hitreje ponuditi informacije o spremembah v jeziku. Kot je prikazano v prispevku, je posodabljanje slovarja precej več kot le dodajanje novih besed. Med izdajatelji slovarjev, zlasti med komercialnimi založbami, ki si ne morejo privoščiti izgub, je selitev v digitalni medij povzročila nemir; trenutno vlada precejšnja negotovost o dolgoročnem preživetju slovarja kot avtonomnega vira, kakšnega vsi poznamo. Kljub temu je zaključek prispevka optimističen: komunikacijske potrebe ljudi bodo tudi v prihodnosti zagotavljale potrebo po kvalitetnih leksikalnih podatkih – razlika bo le v tem, da bodo ti podatki ponujeni in se bo do njih dostopalo povsem drugače, kot smo bili vajeni doslej.
Fran: pameten in intuitiven?
Authors: Kosem Iztok
Published: November 2018

Slovarji so uporabnikom pogosto ponujeni (tudi) prek slovarskih portalov, ki združujejo različne slovarje in pogosto tudi ostale referenčne vire. Portali so odgovor na potrebe sodobnega slovarskega uporabnika, ki je vajen hkratnega dostopa do različnih vrst informacij na enem mestu. Slovarski portali so že nekaj časa prisotni tudi v slovenskem prostoru, vendar pa se je šele nedavno vzpostavljeni portal Fran Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU prvi osredotočil samo na (sicer lastne) enojezične slovarske vire in tako povzročil pomemben premik v rabi enojezičnih slovarjev pri nas. V prispevku najprej pregledamo nekatere tuje in slovenske slovarske portale, nato pa se osredotočimo na pregled ter evalvacijo portala Fran. Preverili smo način predstavljanja slovarskih informacij z vidika preglednosti in jasnosti, preizkusili različne možnosti iskanj ter ocenili funkcionalnosti portala in pomoč uporabnikom. Evalvacijo smo opravili tudi z vidika dognanj študij slovarskih uporabnikov. V zaključku prispevka povzamemo glavne ugotovitve in podamo razmisleke o pomenu portala za prihodnost slovenske leksikografije.
Wittgenstein on Freud’s Psychoanalysis
Authors: Franciotti Marco Antonio
Published: November 2018

In this article, I endeavor to analyze Wittgenstein’s remarks on certain aspects of Freud’s theory in the hope to show that his criticism can be epistemologically fruitful to pinpoint some insurmountable theoretical difficulties in the metapsychological aspect of psychoanalysis, especially with regard to Freud’s insistent remarks that his deep psychology must be viewed as a scientific approach of psychic phenomena.
A beleza está nos olhos de que a vê? A percepção de realidades abstratas
Authors: Dutra Luiz Henrique De Araújo
Published: November 2018

This paper argues for a version of perspectival realism as to abstract objects. Differently from bodies and mental states, abstract realities are supposed to be always unobservable objects, things never given in perception. Contrary to this received view, this paper tries to show that abstract objects can be perceived, even though people aren’t currently aware of perceiving them. Moreover, in order to perceive abstract objects we must be accordingly equipped. Our equipment to perceive abstract objects involves not only retino-cortical elements, but mental and cultural conditions as well.
Humeanism and Exceptions in the Fundamental Laws of Physics
Authors: Wheeler Billy
Published: November 2018

It has been argued that the fundamental laws of physics do not face a ‘problem of provisos’ equivalent to that found in other scientific disciplines (Earman, Roberts and Smith 2002) and there is only the appearance of exceptions to physical laws if they are confused with differential equations of evolution type (Smith 2002). In this paper I argue that even if this is true, fundamental laws in physics still pose a major challenge to standard Humean approaches to lawhood, as they are not in any obvious sense about regularities in behaviour. A Humean approach to physical laws with exceptions is possible, however, if we adopt a view of laws that takes them to be the algorithms in the algorithmic compressions of empirical data. When this is supplemented with a distinction between lossy and lossless compression, we can explain exceptions in terms of compression artefacts present in the application of the lossy laws.
The Dissolution of Bar-Hillel-Carnap Paradox by Semantic Information Theory Based on a Paraconsistent Logic
Authors: Gorsky Samir
Published: November 2018

Several logical puzzles, riddles and problems are defined based on the notion of games in informative contexts. Hintikka argues that epistemology or the theory of knowledge must be considered from the notion of information. So, knowledge cannot just be based on the notions of belief and justification. The present proposal will focus on the logical structure of information, and not only on the quantification of information as suggested by Claude A. Shannon (1916-2001) (Shannon 1948). In many cases, the information bits, although seemingly or factually contradictory, are quite relevant. The paraconsistent systems of logic offer a formalization of reasoning that can support certain contradictions. The well-known “Bar-Hillel–Carnap Paradox” (Bar-Hillel, 1964) causes embarrassment when it concludes that the informational content of a contradiction would be maximum, opposing the traditional notion that the semantic information must be true, and that contradictions are necessarily false.
Translation and adaptation of the physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES) in a sample of Portuguese athletes, invariance across genders nature sports and swimming
Authors: Monteiro Diogo , Nunes Gilberto , Marinho Daniel Almeida , Couto Nuno , Antunes Raúl , Moutão João , Cid Luis
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study was to translate and validate of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), from Mullen et al. version in Portuguese athletes, invariance across genders and nature sports and swimming, as well as, external validity, through the Portuguese version of BRSQ. Athletes (n=1032; 273 nature sports, 759 swimming) with an average age of 18,95 ± 6,59 years participated in this study. Confirmatory factor analysis (maximum likelihood), multigroup analysis (measurement invariance) and correlation analysis were used for data analyzed. Results supported the suitability of the models (one factor which eight items) showing an adequate fit to the data in each sample (general:χ²=181,96, p=<0,01, df=20, SRMR=0,04, NNFI=0,94, CFI=0,96, RMSEA=0,07, RMSEA 90% IC=0,06-0,08; male: χ²=113,27, p=<0,01, df=20, SRMR=0,04, NNFI=0,95, CFI=0,97, RMSEA=0,07, RMSEA 90% IC=0,06-0,08; female: χ²=67,59, p=<0,01, df=20, SRMR=0,03, NNFI=0,94, CFI=0,96, RMSEA=0,07, RMSEA 90% IC=0,06-0,09; nature sports: χ²=42,32, p=0,02, df=20, SRMR=0,037, NNFI=0,96, CFI=0,98, RMSEA=0,06, RMSEA 90% IC=0,04-0,08; swimming: χ²=130,14, p=<0,01, df=20, SRMR=0,04, NNFI=0,94, CFI=0,96, RMSEA=0,07, RMSEA 90% IC=0,06-0,08), as well as, were invariant across genders and nature sports and swimming (ΔCFI≤0,01). Enjoyment was, on the one hand, found to be positively and significantly correlated with identified regulation (r=0,82), integrated regulation (r=0,62) and intrinsic motivation (r=0,90). On the other, it was negatively and significantly correlated with amotivation (r=-0,25) and external and introjected regulation (r=-0,42; -0,38), respectively. Those findings allow concluding that PACES can be used to measure enjoyment in the future studies, thus filling an existing gap to date.
Assessment of bone mineral density in young female handball players
Authors: Krahenbühl Tathyane , Borges Juliano Henrique , Barros-Filho Antonio de Azevedo , Guerra-Junior Gil , Gonçalves Ezequiel Moreira
Published: November 2018

Optimizing bone mass gain during childhood and adolescence may help prevent bone diseases in advanced ages. The aim of this study was to verify the bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in female adolescent’s handball players. This is a cross-sectional study where 68 female adolescents (12–17 years) were allocated into two groups: handball players (n = 29) (HG) and control group (n = 39) (CG). BMC and BMD from total body (TB), total body less head (TBLH), lumbar spine (L1–L4), femoral neck (FN), Ward’s triangle (WT) and respectively Z-scores were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Sexual maturity, menarche, PHV, time of sun exposure, physical activity level and Calcium and vitamin D intake were assessed. The HG showed significantly higher BMC, BMD as well Z-scores values (p≤0.05) of total body, TBLH, femoral neck, hip and lumbar spine than the CG. When the values were adjusted for lean soft tissue (LST) the HG showed significantly higher BMC of femoral neck (p≤0.05), as well as BMD of TBLH and femoral neck (p≤0.05) and Z-score values all bone sites except hip, than the CG. We conclude that handball players have significantly higher bone mass values compared to group of girls of the same age.
Do paralympic track and field athletes have low energy availability?
Authors: Joaquim Daniel Paduan , Juzwiak Claudia Ridel , Winckler Ciro
Published: November 2018

One of the greatest challenges when working with athletes is to achieve the energy demands for physiological processes and exercise expenditure. The aim of this study was to assess the energy availability (EA) of Paralympic track and field athletes (sprinters). Seventeen athletes (9 male and 8 female) with visual impairment (VI, n=10), cerebral palsy (CP, n=4) and limb deficiency (LD, n=3) were assessed for energy intake (EI) (4-day food photographic record), energy expenditure with exercise (EEex) (motion sensor), and body composition (skinfolds method). Energy availability was estimated using the equation: EA = (EIkcal - EEexkcal) / fat-free mass (FFM) / day, and values ≤ 30kcal/kgFFM/day were considered as low energy availability (LEA). EEex varied from 130 to 477kcal/h and athletes trained in average for 3.2 hours per day. Mean EA for VI, LD and CP were 36 (2.19), 37 (1.90) and 38 (3.38) kcal/kgFFM/day, respectively. Most (82.3%) participants presented EA below ≥ 45kcal/kgFFM/day, throughout the days, which are the recommended values for athletes without disability. Athletes should be encouraged to consume adequate EA to avoid consequences related to low energy availability. There is need of further research to identify cut-off values adequate for this population.
Profiling and predicting performance of indoor rock climbers
Authors: Arazi Hamid , Rashidlamir Amir , Zahed Abolhasani Mohammad , Askari Hosaini Somayeh
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study is to establish somatotype and profile the anthropometric and biomotor characteristics of indoor rock climbers. Fourteen elite level male and ten recreational female Iranian indoor rock climbers completed a battery of tests. All anthropometric measurements were performed according to the recommendations of international standards for anthropometric assessment. Upper body strength and endurance were assessed by isometric tests. Explosive power and balance were also evaluated by Sargent jump and Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), respectively. Samples’ somatotypes were calculated by the method of Heath and Carter. Pearson’s correlation coefficient and partial correlations were calculated and stepwise multiple regression analyses were implemented to determine a set of best predictors of elite male climbers’ ability. Shoulder width, body fat content, upper-body strength and endurance for females, showed the most correlation with the climbing ability (range: r = 0.46–0.7, p ≤ 0.05), while among the male samples, these correlations with the climbing ability were mostly between WHR, absolute and relative to body mass handgrip strength, SEBT performance and the left-hand digit ratio. The results of stepwise multiple regression revealed that the SEBT performance in the posterior direction of right foot stance and Upper Extremity Girth Index are able to explain 62% of the variance of climbing ability. It is likely that decreasing the fat mass has no direct impact on the climbers’ performance. Also, SEBT performance is able to predict 35% of climbing performance. Hence, it seems balance exercises could be effective in improvement of climbing performance.
Greater volumes are required to reduce muscle performance in well-trained individuals
Authors: Lima Filipe Dinato de , Vieira Amilton , Correia Ana Luiza Matias , Lima Ricardo Moreno , Fonseca Andrew Correa da , Bottaro Martim
Published: November 2018

A specific drop jumps (DJs) protocol (using 100 jumps) has been largely used to induce muscle damage. However, it failed to show relevant drop in performance in well-trained individuals. Trained subjects may require a protocol with greater volume to induce decrease of muscle performance. The aim of this study was to assess muscle performance after two DJs damaging protocols with different volumes in well-trained individuals. Eighteen strength and/or power-trained males (4.92 ± 2.78 years of training experience) were randomly assigned into one of two groups: DJ100 (five sets of 20 DJs) or DJ140 (seven sets of 20 DJs), with 2-min of rest interval. DJs were performed from a 60-cm box. After landing, the volunteers performed a maximal vertical rebound jump. Muscle swelling increased significantly on both DJ100 and DJ140 (p < 0.001). Maximal isometric torque (MIT) decreased significantly on both DJ100 (p = 0.005) and DJ140 (p < 0.001). MIT showed no between-group difference on pre-assessment (p = 0.815). However, on post-assessment, MIT was significantly lower on DJ140 than DJ100 (p = 0.043). Countermovement jump (CMJ) decreased significantly on DJ140 (p = 0.001), but not on DJ100 (p = 0.802). There was no between-group difference on pre-assessment (p = 0.978). However, on post-assessment, CMJ was significantly lower on DJ140 than DJ100 (p = 0.038). DJ140 induced greater drop in isometric strength than DJ100 and only DJ140 significantly reduced jump performance. These results demonstrated that well-trained individuals require a great volume of DJs to reduce substantially muscle performance.
Reliability of a laboratory-based long sprint cycling test: applications of the smallest worthwhile changes in performance for repeated measures designs
Authors: Cruz Rogério Santos de Oliveira , Aguiar Rafael Alves de , Turnes Tiago , Lisbôa Felipe Domingos , Raimundo João Antônio Gesser , Caputo Fabrizio
Published: November 2018

The aims of the present study were to assess the reliability of long sprint cycling performance in a group of recreationally trained cyclists and to provide thresholds for changes in performance for this particular group of subjects in repeated measures designs through a scale of magnitudes. Repeatability of mean power output during a 1-min cycling time trial was assessed in a group of 15 recreationally trained cyclists (26 ± 5, years, 176 ± 5 cm, 78 ± 8 kg). They were tested on separate days, approximately one week apart. The test and retest values for the whole group of cyclists were 7.0 ± 0.5 W/kg and 6.9 ± 0.6 W/kg (systematic change and 90% confidence limits of -1.0% ± 1.1%). Our results indicated good test-retest reproducibility (typical error of 1.8%, 90% confidence limits of 1.4% to 2.6%; intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.96, confidence limits of 0.91 to 0.99), but suggested a reduction of mean power for the “slower” subjects on retest (-2.0%, 90% confidence limits of ±1.8%). If not monitored, this systematic decrease could interfere in results of studies utilizing groups with similar performance levels, particularly investigating strategies to improve performance in sprint cycling exercises around 1 min. The thresholds for moderate, large, very large and extremely large effects for mean power output on long sprint cycling performance are about 0.4%, 1.3%, 2.3%, 3.6%, and 5.8%, respectively.
A Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde (CIF) – um caminho para a Promoção da Saúde
Authors: Castaneda Luciana
Published: November 2018

The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is a classification of the World Health Organization (WHO). It is a reference document for the description of phenomena related to functioning and disability. The aim of the present study is to assess the relationship between the theoretical assumptions of ICF and the field of Health Promotion. The dissemination of ICF has been widely documented in literature over the last few years, however, there is a large gap between enthusiasm with the paradigm change that the classification proposes and its effective incorporation in the different environments of health care. This study presents an example of ICF operationalization. The biopsychosocial evaluation model of ICF presented is a strategy of light technology in health that advances towards the proposals of the field of Health Promotion.
Oportunidades para a prática de atividade física em escolas públicas e privadas de Curitiba, Brasil
Authors: Prado Crisley Vanessa , Farias Júnior José Cazuza de , Czestschuk Bruno , Hino Adriano Akira Ferreira , Reis Rodrigo Siqueira
Published: November 2018

The school represents an space with opportunities for physical activity (PA) practice in children and adolescents. However, there is still limited evidence on local strategies, structures and policies for PA in the school environment in Brazil. The aim of the study was to identify PA opportunities in public and private schools in Curitiba, Brazil. A total of one hundred sixty one schools were identified from a household survey conducted with adolescents from Curitiba, Brazil from which 107 (72.6% publics) participated in this study. One physical education teacher from each participant school was interviewed. Nearly all schools offered two weekly PE classes (97.1%), lengthing 45 to 50 minutes (95.7%). PE annual training was more frequent among public schools (92.9%). Most schools offered one recess interval (92.3%). However, recess interval of 16-30 minutes (75.0%), supervised (65.6%) and with PA equipment (65.6%) were more frequent among private schools. After school activities were offered in eight out of ten schools, and PA opportunities in other contexts were more frequent in private schools (40.0% vs. 14.3%, p = 0.003). However, more public schools participated in state sponsored programs (57.6% versus 31.2%, p = 0.011). Opportunities for PA in the investigated schools is offering by insufficient frequency and length for promoting PA at the recommended levels in this context.
Efeito do treinamento de caminhada no declive em variáveis neuromusculares
Authors: Oliveira Thiago Pires de , Lima Leonardo Coelho Rabello de , Oliveira Felipe Bruno Dias de , Denadai Benedito Sérgio , Greco Camila Coelho
Published: November 2018

Walking involves small adjustments to maintain body balance. However, the demand for these adjustments may be different during downhill walking. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of periodized downhill walking training on neuromuscular responses of knee flexors (KF). Seventeen active males (Age = 22.9 ± 3.9 years) were randomly assigned into two groups: control, level walking (CG, N = 8) and downhill walking (DWG, N = 9). Individuals performed the following procedures, in different days: 1) Maximal voluntary contractions to determine peak torque (PT) and rate of torque development (RTD) at different time intervals from the onset of muscle contraction. The test was performed before (Pre) and after (Post) a 4-week downhill walking training period. PT and peak RTD did not change after the training period (p > 0.05). However, there was significant increase in RTD at 150 ms and 200 ms after the onset of muscle contraction (p < 0.05). Additionally, the electromyographic activity (root mean square) of the biceps femoris and semitendineous muscles presented an increase after the training period (p < 0.05). Thus, downhill walking training can promote improvement RTD and muscle activity in the late phase of muscle contraction, which can have important implications during downhill walking, in which a rapid action of KF can help body balance against the disturbance generated by the slope.
Relationship between propulsive force of the arm, body composition and isokinetic muscle strength indicators in surfers
Authors: Geber Sidarta Oliveira , Cavalcante Bruno Remígio , Germano-Soares Antonio Henrique , Montes Raysa Catarina Cavalcante Figueiredo , Silva Arthur Henrique Oliveira , Veloso Túlio Samuelson Martins , Silva José Raphael Leandro da Costa , Santos Marcos André Moura
Published: November 2018

This study aimed to evaluate the potential relationship between body composition (percentage of fat mass (FM %), fat mass and lean mass), muscle function (e.g., muscles; deltoid side and front, pectoralis major and teres major) and the propulsive force of the arm (PFA). Sixteen competitive surfers (29.1 ± 7.3 years; 1.72 ± 0.06 m; 74.2 ± 1.4 kg) were assessed for height, body mass, body composition (dual-energy-DXA), muscle function and PFA. Pearson correlation analyses were used to verify the relationship between all variables. An inverse correlations were found between PFA and isokinetic parameters to 60o/s: external rotation (peak torque: r = -0.71; p = 0.014; total work: r = -0.75; p = 0.007; power: r = -0.72; p = 0.011) and internal rotation (peak torque: r = -0.61; p = 0.045; total work: r = -0.73; p = 0.010; power: r = -0.61; p = 0.045) and 300o/s: external rotation (peak torque: r = -0.79; p = 0.003; total work: r = -0.84; p<0,001; power: r = -0.81; p = 0.002) and internal rotation (peak torque: r = -0.69; p = 0.017; total work: r = -0.72; p = 0.011; power: r = -0.69; p = 0.017). There was no significant correlation between body composition components and PFA (p>0.05). Although correlations do not imply cause and effect, PFA is not correlated with body composition in surfers and these relationships are inversely related to the parameters of muscle function.
É tempo de cuidar das crianças e dos adolescentes brasileiros
Authors: Silva Diego Augusto Santos , Tremblay Mark Stephen
Published: November 2018

Editorial - without abstract
Community and environment for physical activity among young people: a systematic review of the Report Card Brazil 2018
Authors: Manta Sofia Wolker , Silva Kelly Samara da , Minatto Giseli , Lopes Marcus Vinicius Veber , De Mello Gabrielli Thais , Barbosa Filho Valter Cordeiro
Published: November 2018

The aim of this study was to identify evidence about the prevalence of the community and environment indicators related to physical activity (PA) among young Brazilian people. A systematic review was carried out using eight databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, BIREME, Scielo, and Google Scholar) with descriptors in Portuguese and English. Community and environment Indicators included access, presence, proximity, quality, safety and pollution of/in spaces, facilities, programs available for PA among young people (up to 18 years-old), which may be measured subjectively and/or objectively. A total of 23 documents were included, representing 15 different studies. There were more studies in the South region (n=8), followed by the Northeast (n=3) and Southeast (n=3). Self-reported instruments were more frequently used (n=15). The studies reported prevalence of perception (positive and/or barrier) for access to facilities, programs and/or parks (n=13); presence of sidewalks and bicycle lanes (n=4); proximity to residence (n=5); quality (n=5); safety from crime and traffic (n=14) and pollution (n=6); number of spaces and/or facilities around the residence (n=1); and observation of adolescents using public spaces for PA (n=3). The prevalence rates showed high variability according to environmental indicator. No studies are available for the North and Midwest of the country. Distinct environmental measures were used in selfreported studies, impairing data comparability. To date, no studies have been identified that provide information about the prevalence of combined environmental measures (perceived and objective).