bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical issues in the conservation of contemporary art: on paradigms, ontological and constitutive elements in some practical cases
Authors: Llamas-Pacheco Rosario
Published: February 2023

This article provides an approach to some of the theoretical concepts necessary to deal with the conservation and restoration of contemporary art. In this sense, the status of four contemporary works after their restoration, or simply due to the passage of time, has been analysed in depth and from a theoretical point of view. The works chosen were made of chocolate; plastics such as latex, acrylic resins and epoxy; organic materials such as blood; liturgical fabrics; butterfly wings; natural flowers... all materials that degrade due to the natural passage of time and the effect of the agents of deterioration. The interesting thing about the work is that it establishes the need to situate each work of contemporary art in an appropriate paradigm before proposing a process of intervention. To do this, it is necessary to carry out a study of the constituent elements of the artworks, both material and immaterial. Furthermore, the study presents the different intervention processes carried out. Finally, we study how the state of conservation may have affected the consistency of the artwork, taking into account the artistic intention.
Comparative Study on Blood Pressure Status of Cigarette Smokers and Non-Smokers in Owerri Municipal of Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Olivia Ubah Ugochi , Okereke Chike Christopher , Winie Dozie Ugonma
Published: February 2023

Objectives: The work aimed to compare the blood pressure status, knowledge and attitude of cigarette smokers and non-smokers in Owerri Municipal LGA
Methodology: A community based; comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 respondents of above 15 years selected by multistage cluster sampling technique. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were done for the participants, together with questionnaire administration.
Results: Only 59(26.7%) of non-cigarette smokers and 11(6.1%) of cigarette smokers had a satisfactory knowledge level while and 22(10.0%) of non-cigarette smokers and 24(13.4%) of cigarette smokers had satisfactory attitudes towards blood pressure. The prevalence of hypertension among non-cigarette smokers (22.2%) was higher than that of cigarette smokers (9.5%). The multivariate logistic regression analysis reveals that systolic blood pressure (0.205 to 0.719, 95%CI, b=-0.956, p=0.003, AOR=0.384), body mass index (0.535 to 0.864, 95%CI, b=-0.386, p=0.002, AOR=0.680) and knowledge level (0.098 to 0.392, 95%CI, b=-1.630, p<0.001, AOR=0.196) was found to be a negative predictive variable for the smoking status of the respondents.
Conclusion: This study shows that a good number of the participants were not aware of the possible risk factors that could alter the blood pressure status of individual. This finding therefore highlights the urgent need to sensitize people (smokers and non-smokers) on blood pressure and factors that can alter or trigger a person blood pressure.

Key words: blood pressure, cigarette smoking,
A Cross Sectional Study on Effect of Physical Activity on Improving Sleep Quality Among Young Adults
Authors: Lakshmi Narayana Yeddu , Kumar Tadi Sunil , Yaswanthi T.
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of physical activity on improving sleep quality in student population.
Methods: Cross sectional study design. A total of 93 College students were taken, 60 subjects met the inclusion criteria and were allocated into two groups based on the 5-item physical activity questionnaire, very high level, high level and acceptable level are categorized in group– A (N= 20, Physically active) and low active level and inactive level are categorized in group – B (N= 40, Physically inactive/Sedentary). Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The questionnaire is valid, reliable and consists of ten main questions comprising of 19 self-rated subjective questions. The answers to the questions generate seven component scores. These components include sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, sleep medication use, and daytime dysfunction. The scores of these questions were dichotomized into the seven main components, with a range of 0 to 3 per each component, and a maximum score of 21 and a minimum of 0 for the whole questionnaire. A global PSQI score of 5 and total sleep time (TST) of 7 hours were used to differentiate between poor and good sleepers.
Results: Independent t test was used to differentiate the mean significance difference between continuous variables. Both the groups have shown difference in their global score as well as in component scores. Statistical analysis of the data revealed that physically active subjects showed better sleep quality when compared to physically inactive subjects.
Conclusion: The study showed a moderate inverse association between reported physical activity and PSQI, meaning that the more people report being physically active, the better their overall sleep quality. In addition, it was found that a high percentage of people who reported low physical activity also reported poor sleep quality on the PSQI. This may indicate that people with less physical activity are more likely to have overall poor sleep quality. Thus, this study concludes that physical activity has a significant effect in improving sleep quality in healthy individuals.

Key words: physically active, physically inactive, sedentary lifestyle, sleep quality, PSQI, young adults.
Contextual Role of Absolute and Relative Precision in Estimation of Sample Size for Single Proportion in Health Research
Authors: Ganapathy Sachit , MS Deepthy , Mishra Akash
Published: February 2023

Background: Sample size estimation is one of the key components in the initial stage of any health research. The validity of an observational study in estimating prevalence of an outcome of interest is primarily determined by the precision of the estimate. This is generally motivated by the method of sample size estimation. The choice of incorporating absolute precision or relative precision in estimating the sample size of proportions has been a grey area for many years. The objectives of the study were to investigate the role of relative and absolute precision in sample size estimation of proportion and also to provide an easy guide for estimation of sample size using relative and absolute precision using real life examples.
Materials and Methods: Sample sizes for different proportions using varying levels of relative and absolute precision were estimated and the variations in the sample size using both methods were graphically plotted.
Results: Sample size decreases exponentially with increase in anticipated prevalence in the case of relative precision whereas for absolute precision, it follows a bell-shaped curve.
Conclusions: The current study provides scenarios where and how absolute and relative precision can be used. Also, the relation between absolute and relative precision is provided.

Key words: sample size, prevalence, health research, relative precision, absolute precision
Biomedical Waste Management during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Medical Institute Perspective
Authors: Kaur Mohi Gursimran , Yadav Bhavana , Bora Ishani
Published: February 2023

Background: The existing considerable lack of awareness about general waste management in low-income countries like India imposes a significant challenge during the COVID-19 pandemic when due to outbreak of novel coronavirus, burden on health agencies has significantly increased.
Objectives: In present review article, we aim to highlight the medical institute’s perspective towards the management of biomedical waste in COVID-19 pandemics. We also aim to analyze the challenges faced during the management of biomedical waste and mentioned the novel strategies which could be applied at the ground level to cope with the challenge of biomedical waste management.
Methods: Data was gathered from government repositories and by interviewing the biomedical waste management staff in our hospital.
Results: Apart from the regular biomedical waste, now the hospitals are generating huge COVID-19 waste in the form of used personal protective equipment, disposable gloves and face masks. The patient overload has also increase in the hospitals, leading to the generation of biomedical waste of used syringes and other disposables like cotton, tissue and blood samples.
Conclusion: The present article will help the health agencies to analyze the critical factors involved in biomedical waste management in a medical institute and help in devising new strategies to approach the problem of biomedical waste management during pandemics.

Key words: Pandemic, Coronavirus, Biomedical waste, PPE Kits, Face mask
Optical and Structural Properties of Carbon Dots Synthesized From 3 Juices (Lemon, Onion and Papaya) By Green Synthesis Method
Authors: CM Dinesh , M Girish , Y Shivaprakash
Published: February 2023

CQD are required tool for traceable targeted delivery, biomedical research, and different therapy applications. In this work, we use lemon, papaya and onion which is commonly found in street markets are used for synthesis of carbon dots. Structural and optical properties of synthesized dots were characterized using XRD, Raman, UV – Vis and FTIR spectroscopic methods. Carbon dots suspended in DI water exposed to Mid UV (255 nm – 312 nm) emits fluorescent light of green color confirmed the formation of CDs. UV-Vis characterization showed and absorption prominent peak between 220 to 375 nm. The energy gap of CDs is found to be 3.241 eV. Its refractive index is estimated to be 2.0745. Showing that these CDs are potential candidate for detector applications. XRD spectra depicts that the absorption heap between 2q values 15 to 25 indicate the formation of nanoparticles. It gives an additional information that the powder contains crystalline structure (peaks at 2q values = 24.2, 28.34, 29.8, 30.84, 31.32, 34.08, 40.5, 43.22, 50.16, 58.58, 66.36, 73.66). Raman characterizations indicated the presence of prime functional groups. It is observed that the peaks in the region 1000 – 1250 cm-1 having functional group υ(C=S) and is Raman strong and IR weak. The peak region around 1400-1470 cm-1 δ(CH2) δ(CH3) is in Raman medium and in IR medium. FTIR Characterization the sample is Indicated as two regions finger print and Group and identifying functional Group. In this paper, we explain the current progress of CQD in the biomedical field, focusing on their synthetic methods and characterization with critical insights into facilitating their potential in various applications.

Keywords: Carbon Dots, CQD, Green Synthesis Method, Lemon, Onion, Papaya.
Effects of Information Asymmetry, Leverage, Audit Tenure and Managerial Ownership of Earnings Management with Profitability as a Moderating Variable in the Mining Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Br Surbakti Nenni Lestari , Br Bukit Rina , . Sirojuzilam
Published: February 2023

The research aims to determine whether information asymmetry, leverage, audit tenure, and managerial ownership affect earnings management in the mining companies listed on IDX (Indonesia Stock Exchange) and to reveal whether profitability can be used as a moderating variable in the research model. The research employs the associative casual method and takes nine mining companies listed on IDX from 2013 to 2020 as the sample by using a purposive sampling technique, with a total of 72 observation data. The gathered data are analysed by using panel data regression analysis with E-Views software. The research results demonstrate that information asymmetry has positive yet insignificant effects on earnings management and audit tenure, and managerial ownership has a positive and significant impact on earnings management. Meanwhile, leverage has negative and significant effects on earnings management. It is also found that profitability can only moderate the effects of leverage on earnings management while the other independent variables are not.

Keywords: information asymmetry, leverage, audit tenure, managerial ownership, earnings management
Development of Local Culture-Based Pop-Up Book Media to Improve Students' Reading Literacy in Elementary Schools
Authors: Layyina Hilwa , Erni Suharini , Barokah Isdaryanti
Published: February 2023

This study aims to develop local culture-based pop-up book media to improve the reading literacy of grade V students in elementary school. This type of research is development or Research and Development (RD) using a design model from Borg Gall. Data collection is carried out by observation, interviews, questionnaires, tests and documentation. The research was conducted at SD Muhammadiyah 1 Kudus. The data analysis technique used is a quantitative data analysis technique. The results showed that the practicality of the media obtained an average percentage of practicality of 97% of the "very practical" category and the results of the T test on the pre-test and post-test of reading literacy achieved a Sig.(2-tailed) score of 0.000. The score showed that there was a difference in the average of pre-test and post-test results in the reading literacy of the students of this study. Then the results of the N-Gain pre-test and post-test reading literacy obtained a score of 0.567 with the category "Medium". The N-Gain score identified an increase in students' reading literacy towards a better one. So it can be concluded that the Local Culture-based Pop Up Book media is effective for improving students' reading literacy.

Keywords: [Media Pop Up Book, Local Culture, Reading Literacy]
Anti-Nutritional Factors in Animal Feedstuffs:
A Review
Authors: Jacob Nte Iyakutye , Joseph Owen Onyema , Owuno Friday
Published: February 2023

Plants naturally co-exist with their predators and have therefore developed certain defense mechanisms against them. These include production of secondary metabolites, which are not directly involved in their growth processes (as opposed to primary metabolites), but act as deterrents to their predators. Some of these metabolites, known as anti-nutritional factors, affect the nutritive value of forages and feedstuffs, and hence animals (including humans) that feed on them. Although they are generally not lethal, their effects may be contrary to optimum nutrition, making them undesirable for human and animal nutrition as they may interfere with feed utilization, health and productivity of animals. Their wide distribution in plants is determined by age, cultivar, geographic distribution, and storage condition after harvesting. Certain characteristics which they possess, together with other reasons make them to be found at some levels in almost all plants and plant products used as animal feedstuffs. The major classes of anti-nutritional factors include glycosides, alkaloids, protease inhibitors, amylase inhibitors, phenolic compounds, phytohaemagglutinins, phytates, terpenes/triterpenes, non-protein amino acids, oxalates, and glucosinolates. The varied chemical structure and composition of these metabolites which are diverse in their abundance in different plants and their products, result in an array of direct and indirect effects which impinge on animal productivity and health. They occur in various quantities in plants, with alkaloids as the most abundant in higher plants. Alkaloids are among the most important drugs used by human beings and have also been adjudged to be the most useful and most dangerous products of nature. The effects of these anti-nutrients may be physical such as alopecia or physiological such as disruption of metabolic reactions and synthesis of important biochemical components of tissues. Their structures, occurrence, effects, and other related issues are reviewed herein.

Keywords: Secondary metabolites, Anti-nutritional factors, Animal Feedstuffs, Molecular and Cellular Targets, Phytoanticipins and Phytoalexins.
Autopsy Pathology of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma of the Breast: A Case Report
Authors: A.U. Offiah, , A.N. Amadi, , Y.C. Azuamah,
Published: February 2023

The cause of death can be determined by performing an autopsy. This study reviewed the autopsy pathology performed on a 54 year old woman who died of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast. The autopsy was performed at Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba, Nigeria. She presented with fever and generalized body weakness of one week duration and was being treated for malaria and typhoid fever. Her condition deteriorated in two days of hospitalization despite the treatment given and she later passed away. Autopsy findings revealed that the breasts were symmetrical and the overlying skin was grossly normal. There was no area of ulceration or change in the skin. The nipples were not retracted. Cut sections of both breasts showed diffuse white fibrous tissue in areas and no obvious lymphadenopathy was noted. Histologic sections of the breast tissue showed uniform small bland cells with round nuclei and inconspicuous nucleoli invading a fibrotic fibrocollagenous stroma and adipocytes in single files. There was poor attempt at tubule formation. Histological section of the lungs showed infiltration by malignant epithelial cells similar to ones seen in the breast. There were haemorrhages, congestion and edema in the alveolar interstitium, and some of the alveolar were filled with fibrinous material. Also seen were numerous mixed inflammatory cell infiltrates. The final diagnosis was invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast, with widespread metastasis to the lungs, pleural and peritoneum. The cause of death was ruled as invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast. A thorough autopsy of deaths of women of postmenopausal age was recommended in other to identify associated pathologies.

Keywords: Breast cancer, Invasive lobular carcinoma, Invasive ductal carcinoma, Autopsy
Administration of Maggot Flour (Hermetia Illucens) from Layer Chicken Manure as a Substitution of Fish Meal in Rations for Quality Growth and Quail Digestion
Authors: . Warisman , Siregar Dini Julia Sari , Wiranto Widi
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of maggot flour (Hertmetia illucens) from laying hens' manure on the growth and digestibility of quail. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The highest average body weight gain (g) was in treatment P0, which was 113.92 grams, while the lowest average body weight gain was in treatment P3, which was 112.90 grams and showed results that were not significantly different (P>0.05). The best ration conversion average during the study was in P1 and P2 which was 4.30 while the worst ration conversion average during the study was in P3 which was 4.42 and showed very significantly different results (P<0.01). The lowest protein digestibility of P3 was 33.68%. The highest fat digestibility was at P4 88.60% which was very significantly different (P<0.01) from the lowest fat digestibility at P3 82.00%. The highest energy digestibility was found at P2 75.70% which was not significantly different (P>0.05) with the lowest energy digestibility at P1 73.06%.

Keywords: Maggot flour, quail, ration consumption, protein digestibility, fat digestibility, energy digestibility.
The Influence of Company Size, Dividend Payout Ratio, Capital Structure on Company Value with Profitability as a Moderation Variable in Lq45 Companies at Bei Period 2018-2021
Authors: Fransiska Sipayung Ester Juwita , Toni Nagian , Ariesa Yeni
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of company size, dividend payout ratio (DPR), capital structure on company value with profitability as a moderator variable in LQ45 companies on the IDX for the 2018-2021 period. This study uses qualitative techniques. The population used in this study all came from LQ45 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2021 period, totaling 45 companies. Company Value with Profitability as a Moderating Variable in LQ45 Companies on the IDX for the 2018-2021 period.

Keywords: Company Value, Company Size, Dividend Payout Ratio (DPR), Capital Structure & Profitability
Effect of Cataract Extraction with Intraocular Lens Implant on Contrast Sensitivity, Colour Vision and Photostress Recovery Time
Authors: M.C. Odinkemelu, , A.U. Megwas, , Y.C. Azuamah,
Published: February 2023

A cataract is a cloudy area in the lens of the eye that can lead to a reduction in vision and visual functions. This study was a clinical study aimed at determining the effect of cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implant on contrast sensitivity, color vision and photostress recovery time. A total of 70 patients who visited Ajeromi General Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria were used for the study. Contrast sensitivity was assessed using the Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity chart. The colour vision of the subjects was assessed using Ishihara Pseudochromatic colour vision chart and the photostress recovery time was assessed using a bright ophthalmoscope light. Results showed that the mean contrast sensitivity of the subjects before cataract extraction with IOL implant was 1.04±0.08. After cataract extraction, the mean was 2.19±0.07. The mean colour vision test value before cataract extraction with IOL implant was 14.41±0.53. After cataract extraction, the mean was 16.00±0.00. The mean Photostress Recovery Time before cataract extraction with IOL implant was 55.77±1.81 seconds. After cataract extraction, the mean was 29.11±0.83 seconds. SPSS data analysis with the Paired sample T-Test at 0.05 level of significance showed a significant improvement (P<0.05) in contrast sensitivity, color vision and photostress recovery time before and after cataract extraction with IOL implant. It was recommended that all patients with monocular and bilateral cataract be referred for cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implant.

Keywords: Cataract, Intraocular lens, Contrast sensitivity, Color vision, Photostress recovery time
Data Security Techniques Using Square Block Keys in Text Format
Authors: Utama Siahaan Andysah Putera
Published: February 2023

The text format is a character format that can be read directly with any software. This format is used in sending data to facilitate sending and speed up sending data to message recipients. The text format is the message storage format with he least security because it can be directly read by the person who gets the message. The author wants to build a cryptographic application that can secure text formats using the character transposition technique. Character transposition is used based on the formation of a square matrix which is used as a key in the encryption and decryption process. The size of the matrix used is 4 x 4. The results of the study found that the text format was successfully transformed into ciphertext so as to avoid the possibility of data theft.

Keywords: square, security, block, encryption
The Cultural Identity of the Characters in the Film Scenario Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap by Bene Dion Rajagukguk
Authors: Amelia Nur , Supriyanto Teguh , Doyin Mukh
Published: February 2023

Clash and cultural identity fighting in film scenarios Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap karya Bene Dion Rajagukguk is a phenomenon of a very perfect cultural identity conflict. Cultural identity can affect social relations between characters. For this reason, it is very important to know the cultural identity of each character. Cultural identity can be known through semiotic studies. By knowing the language code, literary code, and cultural code we can find out the cultural identity of the character. This research uses Teeuw's semiotic theory. The data collection method used is the first level of semiotics reading. The results of this study are the language code used by the characters in the film scenario Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap karya Bene Dion Rajagukguk using Indonesian, but its use is mixed with the term Batak. The literary code is found from the facts of the story namely elements of characters and characterizations, plot, and background. Cultural code can be seen in cultural elements such as traditional ceremonies sulang-sulang pahoppu, tor-tor dance and ulos, Batak special songs, and special food mie gomak. From these codes can be seen the social relationships of the characters in accordance with the theory of social relations between individuals, and social relations between individuals and groups. This research is expected to be able to motivate the community to protect the culture they have but do not close themselves to the times.

Keywords: identity; cultural; semiotic; scenario; figure
АНАЛИЗ СТЕПЕНИ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК НАДЕЖНОСТИ И СКЛОННОСТИ К ЛАВИНООБРАЗНОМУ РАЗРУШЕНИЮ
СТЕРЖНЕВЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ
Authors: Mushchanov Vladimir Filippovich , Orzhekhovskiy Anatoliy Nikolayevich
Published: February 2023

В статье анализируются основные тренды в области обеспечения устойчивости несущих строительных конструкций к лавинообразному разрушению. Анализируются действующие нормативные документы. Отмечаются спорные моменты в методике назначения элемента, удаление которого может вызвать лавинообразное разрушение конструкции. Предложен алгоритм определения наиболее ответственного элемента или группы наиболее ответственных элементов системы, случайные параметры которых и будут определять надежность всей конструкции в целом. Данная методика реализована с использованием метода конечных элементов в геометрически и конструктивно нелинейной постановке. Приведены поправочные функции для локальной матрицы жесткости стержневого элемента, используемые в геометрически нелинейном расчете. Данный алгоритм реализован на программном языке MATLAB. Описан пример использования предложен-ной методики на структурном покрытии типа МАРХИ с размерами в плане 24 × 24 метра и ячейкой в виде пентаэдра (высота 3 метра).
التقاضي الإلكتروني في قضاء دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة
Authors: النقيبي علي خميس , سميران محمد علي
Published: February 2023

المستخلص :

يدرس هذا البحث التقاضي الإلكتروني في قضاء دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة، ويهدف إلى معرفة موقف السلطة القضائية في الدولة من التقاضي الإلكتروني، وكذلك معرفة جهود وزارة العدل في الانتقال إلى التقاضي الإلكتروني، ومستقبل القضاء الإلكتروني في الدولة، وقد اتبعت في البحث المنهج الاستقرائي، والمنهج الوصفي،وقد  قُسِّمَ البحث إلى مقدمة، ومبحث تمهيدي، وثلاثة مباحث، وخاتمة، وقد أفرد المبحث التمهيدي لتعريف التقاضي الإلكتروني، والمبحث الأول لبيان الأساس القانوني للقضاء الإلكتروني في الدولة، والمبحث الثاني لبيان المحاكم والنيابات الإلكترونية في الدولة، والمبحث الثالث لبيان جهود الدولة في سبيل التحول للنظام التقاضي الإلكتروني ، وأما الخاتمة فتضمنت نتائج عدة، أهمها: أن القضاء الإلكتروني في الدولة يرتكز على أساس قانوني قوي؛إذ هناك جملة من القوانين، والقرارات الوزارية، نظمت وحددت إجراءات التقاضي الإلكتروني. ومنها : أن الدولة بذلت جهودا جبارة وعظيمة في سبيل التحول إلى نظام التقاضي الإلكتروني، ومنها: أن التقاضي الإلكتروني في الدولة في تطور مستمر، مما سيجعل الجيل القضائي القادم إلكترونيا بدرجة تفوق بكثير ما هو عليه اليوم .
العفو والصلح في القصاص في القانون السوداني والسعودي (دراسة مقارنة)
Authors: بيزي نجم الدين إدريس
Published: February 2023

المستخلص :

      هذا البحث بعنوان (العفو والصلح في القصاص في القانون السوداني والسعودي-دراسة مقارنة) بحثٌ يتناول التعامل الاستثنائي مع الجريمة والمجرم إذ أن الأصل في الجريمة إذا وقعت وثبتت مسؤولية الجاني عنها أن يُجازى بجنس عمله ( وَكَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهَا أَنَّ النَّفْسَ بِالنَّفْسِ وَالْعَيْنَ بِالْعَيْنِ وَالْأَنفَ بِالْأَنفِ وَالْأُذُنَ بِالْأُذُنِ وَالسِّنَّ بِالسِّنِّ وَالْجُرُوحَ قِصَاصٌ ج فَمَن تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَفَّارَةٌ لَّهُ ج وَمَن لَّمْ يَحْكُم بِمَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ) الآية:45، سورة المائدة ولكن الله – شرع الشرع الحنيف - بعد أن كفلَ للمجني عليه  وأولياءِ دمه حق المطالبة بالقصاص - و هو الأصل لمواجهة الجريمة والمجرمين - وكفل َلهم حق أخرفي قبول الدية أو أكثر من الدية أو أقل وذلك على سبيل التنازل أو العفو عن ذلك دون مقابل، فنجد أن الشرع الحنيف نَبَهَ إلى أهمية مراعاة جانب الجـاني في شرع الله فيما شرعها من جزاءات بأن حضَ إلى الصلح مع تغليب جانب العفو فكان في ذلك بيان مكانة العفو و الصلح في الإسلام، وتأكيد سماحته عندما دعا إلى ذلك، فبيان خيرية العفو والصلح والتسامح في استيفاء الحق سبيلٌ للسعادة والإصلاح والعدل وإبراز الصورة الحقيقية للإسلام ورغبته الأكيدة في الحفاظ على حقوق الأفراد والجماعات وكرامتهم الإنسانية إلى غير ذلك مما يعكس أهمية البحث وأهدافه.

      فالبحثُ جاء في هذا السياق تبيانٌ له وقد تم تقسيمه إلى خمسة مباحث؛ المبحث الأول: مفهوم العفو والصلح والتصالح والقصاص والفرق بينهم، والمبحث الثاني: أهمية العفو والصلح وحكمه وأركانه، والمبحث الثالث: أطراف الصلح وآثاره وحدوده في النظام السعودي، المبحث الرابع: شروط العفو في القصاص وأحكامه، المبحث الخامس: حق العفو والصلح ووقته ومن يملكه وعفو المقتول خطأ عن الدية اندرج تحت كل منها مطالب وانتهى البحث إلى نتائج أهمها:. أن في العفو والصلح إحياء لشخص ٍكان يمكن أن يلحق بالمجني عليه بالقص منه فيكون في عداد الموتى أو عداد ذوي الإعاقة البدنية إذا كانت جناية فيما دون النفس فيفقد المجتمع شخصاً أو عضواً آخر بعد فقده للمجني عليه أو عضوه هذا وقد أوصى البحث بتوصيات أهمها؛ أن يتذكر كل صاحب حقٍ مضرور مجني عليه فيما دون نفسه؛ وعلى أولياء الدم تذكر قوله سبحانه وتعالى: (وَلَكُمْ فِي الْقِصَاصِ حَيَاةٌ يَا أُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ) الأية:179،سورة البقرة، وقوله تعالى :( مَن قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَوْ فَسَادٍ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَكَأَنَّمَا قَتَلَ النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا وَمَنْ أَحْيَاهَا فَكَأَنَّمَا أَحْيَا النَّاسَ جَمِيعًا). الآية:32، سورة المائدة.
الربط القرآني بين زمني الدنيا والآخرة
Authors: حسن إيهاب محمد أحمد
Published: February 2023

المستخلص :

في الخطاب القرآني للثقلين تتحاور عدة عناصر على طرفي ثنائية المقدمة والنتيجة التي تؤدي إلى ثنائية العمل والجزاء. لنصبح في ضوء هذا التحاور أمام عمل دنيوي وجزاء أخروي، والدنيا والآخرة ذواتا زمنين مختلفين يربط بينهما المسار الزمني المتجه للأمام، مما يجعل مخاطب الكتاب الحكيم سائراً باتجاه الآخرة وهو جاهل بما يحدث له في زمانها فالعلم والتجربة الإنسانية يثبتان أن الزمن لا يُسْتَبَقُ ولا يعود للوراء.

وهنا تأتي أهمية التعرف على صلة زمن الآخرة بزمن الدنيا باعتبار ثنائية العمل الدنيوي والجزاء الأخروي.

فكيف يتحقق هذا التعرف والزمن يتخذ صورة المسار الأمامي خياراً بشرياً واحداً؟ لا سبيل سوى اللغة، فالقرآن نص لغوي، ولغويته تمثل العنصر المفضي إلى بقية أشكال إعجازه.

أهم النتائج:

خرج هذا البحث بأن القرآن الحكيم ينشئ في مخاطباته نمطين من التعامل مع الأزمنة الثلاثة الواقعة بين الماضي والحاضر والمستقبل: نمط تبادل الأزمنة، ونمط امتزاج الأزمنة.

كلا النمطين، ولاسيما ثانيهما، مشعر بقوة الصلة الرابطة بين طرفي ثنائية العمل والجزاء. فالدنيا هي دار العمل والآخرة هي دار الجزاء، وتداخل أزمنة تلك الثنائية يشعر بقوة الصلة بين طرفيها: العمل والجزاء.

بالنظر إلى ارتباط مفهوم العمل بالدنيا، وارتباط مفهوم الجزاء بالآخرة فإن تداخل الأزمنة بين التبادل والامتزاج يحمل قارئ القرآن إلى الزمن الأخروي، ويطلعه هناك على الواقع المستقبلي تحت مفهوم الجزاء، وهو لم يزل في الدنيا يعمل ما سيجازى عليه، مما يجعل حياته الحالية متصرفة بين كلا طرفي الثنائية رغم أنها على الطرف الأول منها (العمل) لم تنتقل إلى زمن الطرف الثاني (الجزاء).
تطبيق مؤشرات التنمية المستدامة في السودان (دراسة تحليلية الفترة2010-2019م)
Authors: عبدالرحيم محمد حماد عبدالله
Published: February 2023

المستخلص :

تأتي هذه الدراسة لمعرفة مفهوم التنمية المستدامة ومؤشراتها ومدى إمكانية تطبيقها على السودان ومن ثم إجراء تحليل علمي يقوم على البيانات التى تم الحصول عليها بغرض الوصول إلي نتائج منطقية تساعد متخذي القرار في وضع سياسات إقتصادية تحقق التنمية التى تحقق رغبات أجيال الحاضر مع ضرورة الحفاظ على حقوق الأجيال القادمة

 تمثلت مشكلة الدراسة في البحث عن إجابة عن السؤال المطروح وهو ما مدي تطبيق مؤشرات التنمية المستدامة في السودن2010-2019م؟

ثم تفرعت عدة أسئلة من السؤال الرئيسي منها ماهي مؤشرات التنمية المستدامة الاقتصادية والاجتماعية والبيئية والمؤسسية؟

  تمكن أهمية الدراسة نظراً  لأساب عدة منها:

-يعد موضوع التنمية المستدامة واحد من أكثر الموضوعات إثارة للنقاش في الوقت الراهن في كل دول العالم

انطلاقاً من مشكلة البحث المطروحة تم صياغة عدة فرضيات منها:

-يوجد تطبيق متعثر لمؤشرات التنمية المستدامة في السودان

توصلت الدراسة إلي عدة نتائج منها:

وجود ضعف شديد جدا في معظم مؤشرات التنمية المستدامة في السودان

توصلت الدراسة إلي العديد من التوصيات منها ضرورة الاهتمام بتطبيق مؤشرات التنمية المستدامة في السودان
المسؤولية الجنائية لجريمة الاجهاض (دراسة مقارنة)
Authors: القضيبي خالد بن محمد بن عبدالعزيز
Published: February 2023

المستخلص :

تناول البحث المسؤولية الجنائية لجريمة الاجهاض دراسة مقارنة، وتظهر أهمية البحث من خطورة الإجهاض على الأم والمجتمع،

 ولحرمة الاجهاض في الشريعة الإسلامية إلا لضرورة ثابتة، ويهدف البحث إلى تعريف الإجهاض وأنواعه ووسائله ومخاطره، وبيان حكم الإجهاض والمسؤولية الجنائية المترتبة عليه، وبيان عقوبة جريمة الإجهاض في الأنظمة والقوانين الوطنية، واتبعت في هذا البحث المنهج الاستقرائي والوصفي والتحليلي، وقسم البحث لثلاثة مباحث، تناول المبحث الأول تعريف الإجهاض وأنواعه ووسائله ومخاطره، وتناول المبحث الثاني حكم الإجهاض في الفقه الإسلامي والقانون وتناول المبحث الثالث المسؤولية الجنائية لجريمة الإجهاض، وخلص البحث لعدة نتائج أهمها أن الاجهاض يضر بالمجتمع حيث يؤدي إلى تناقص النسل وشيوع الزنا لسهولة التخلص من آثارها كما يؤدي إلى قلة الزواج، وأن الفقهاء اختلفوا في حكم الإجهاض قبل نفخ الروح فيرى فقهاء الحنفية إباحة اسقاطه، واختلف المالكية فيه فمنهم من قال بالإباحة مطلقاً ومنهم من قال بالتحريم، أما الشافعية فيرون إباحته مع الكراهة، ويرى بعض فقهاء الحنابلة وقوع الإثم في الإجهاض، كما أجمع فقهاء الحنفية والمالكية والشافعية والحنابلة بحرمة الاجهاض بعد نفخ الروح بل وأوجبوا عليها الغرة وهي دية الوليدة، وأن القوانين ترى أن الضرورة الوحيدة لإجراء عملية الاجهاض هي إنقاذ حياة الأم، وأن جريمة الإجهاض لم يصدر بها نظام خاص في المملكة العربية السعودية وبالتالي فهي خاضعة للمحاكم الشرعية التي تطبق أحكام الشريعة الإسلامية ، وأن القوانين تعتبر الاجهاض - خاصة بعد التخلق – جريمة وتوجب عليها عقوبة تأخذ أشكالاً مختلفة في القوانين مثل السجن في بعض القوانين كالسوداني والأماراتي والأردني والمصري، والغرامة في بعض القوانين الأخرى مثل القانون الفرنسي، والجمع بين السجن والأعمال الشاقة كما في الأردني والمصري، وأوصى البحث الأسر بإحسان تربية الأبناء والمحافظة على العفة وحفظ العرض حتى يسد باب الإجهاض المترتب غالباً على الزنا، وأوصى كذلك أهل الاختصاص بتطبيق عقوبة الزنا على كل من ثبت ارتكابه لهذه الجريمة حتى تقل حالات الإجهاض غير المشروع، كما أوصي المجامع الطبية بربط المسائل الطبية المعاصرة بالفقه الإسلامي وتأصيلها.
منتجات الطاقة الشمسية بين الأحكام الفقهية والريادة الإماراتية
Authors: شحاته أسماء فتحي عبد العزيز
Published: February 2023

المستخلص :

يهدف البحث إلى بيان أهمية الاستفادة من الطاقة الشمسية، والحكم الشرعي في إنتاج أجهزة تعمل بالطاقة الشمسية، والعقوبة الشرعية المستحقة لمن يحاول الاستيلاء على هذه المنتجات، سواء كانت عامة أم خاصة، ويبرز ريادة دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة في تصدرها العالم في تحقيق أقصى استفادة ممكنة منها.

ويتمثل منهج البحث في اتباع المنهجين الاستقرائي والاستنباطي، أما المنهج الاستقرائي فلبيان ماهية الطاقة الشمسية، وأنواعها، وأهميتها، ونماذج من منتجاتها، والدور الريادي لدولة الإمارات في الاستثمار الشمسي، وأما المنهج الاستنباطي، فللوقوف على حكم الشرع في استعمال الماء المشمس، وإنتاج أجهزة تعمل بالطاقة الشمسية، وبيان التكييف الفقهي والعقوبة الشرعية لمن يستولي على منتجات الطاقة الشمسية العامة والخاصة، مع المقارنة بين المذاهب الفقهية.

ويخلص البحث إلى أن الطاقة الشمسية هي طاقة نظيفة متجددة، والاستثمار فيها يحقق الأمن البيئي والرقي الاقتصادي، وإلى جواز استخدام الماء المشّمس مطلقًا في التطهر وغيره، وجواز إنتاج أجهزة تعمل بالطاقة الشمسية، كالألواح الشمسية، والسخانات والمكيفات والمضخات الشمسية؛ وما يترتب عليها من الحد من مخاطر الطاقة التقليدية وتقليص انبعاث غازات الاحتباس الحراري، كما يخلص إلى أن عقوبة من يستولي على منتجات الطاقة الشمسية العامة هي التعزير بما يراه الحاكم أنه ينزجر به، أما من يستولي على منتجات الطاقة الشمسية الخاصة، وهي المملوكة للأفراد فهو سارق، عقوبته هي عقوبة حد السرقة، طالما تحقق فيه أنه تلصص وأخرج هذه الأجهزة من حرزها، كما يُبرز البحث الدور الريادي لدولة الإمارات في الاستثمار الشمسي في خطفها قصب السبق، في مبادرتها الاستراتيجية لتحقيق الحياد الكربوني بحلول 2050، ومشاريعها العملاقة كـ مجمع محمد بن راشد آل مكتوم للطاقة الشمسية، وتأسيس محطة الظفرة للطاقة الشمسية الكهروضوئية، ومحطة شمس 1، ومشروع الطاقة الشمسية المركزة (CSP)، ومحطة أم النار بأبو ظبي، وغيرها من المشاريع البحثية  الجاري تنفيذها.

ويوصي البحث بضرورة تنمية الوعي المجتمعي بالفوائد الناجمة من الطاقة الشمسية كبديل آمن ونظيف للطاقة التقليدية، والسعي الحثيث نحو رفعة المجتمعات بتوجيه الاستثمار إلى الطاقة الشمسية لتكون صديقة للبيئة، والتصدي للمخالفين بمحاولة الاستيلاء على منتجات الطاقة الشمسية العامة والخاصة بتشريع القوانين الرادعة وإيقاع العقوبات المناسبة، ودعم وتشجيع البحوث والدراسات التي تساعد على تطوير أبحاث الطاقة الشمسية، وعقد المؤتمرات والندوات ذات العلاقة بالاستثمار فيها والعلاقة الوطيدة بينها وبين حماية البيئة وتنمية الاقتصاد.
OPTIMALISASI UNJUK KERJA GAS ENGINE WARTSILA 20V34SG PT PJB UBJOM PLTMG ARUN
Authors: Bustami Gebry Prayogi , Aji Ferro
Published: February 2023

PT PJB UBJOM PLTMG ARUN merupakan unit pembangkit listrik yang menggunakan mesin gas pembakaran internal tipe Wärtsilä 20V34SG yang disuplay gas yang berasal dari PT PERTA ARUN GAS yang merupakan perusahaan milik pertamina. Wärtsilä 20V34SG merupakan Generator set buatan Finlandia berbahan bakar gas dengan kerja 4 langkah dan memiliki output hingga 9.795 kW diputaran 750 rpm. Pada kondisi sekarang terjadi penurunan performa pada mesin dengan indikasi Low Temperature Exhaust sehingga mengakibatkan nilai output mengecil mencapai 7600 kW dengan effisiensi thermal 40,8 %. Setelah dilakukan Analisa Low Exhaust pada Engine 3 Cylinder A3 disebabkan oleh permasalahan pada mesin sehingga dilakukan optimalisasi dengan cara mengganti part-part pembantu pembakaran setelah dilakukan optimalisasi didapatkan output sebesar 7996,01 kW dengan effisiensi thermal 43,8%.
ANALISIS KESTABILAN PENGENDALIAN LEVEL PADA DEMISTER DI PLTP DENGAN METODE NYQUIST STABILITY
Authors: Praptiwi Cellin Dhea , Budi Suka Handaja
Published: February 2023

Pada salah satu  pembangkit listrik tenaga panas bumi yang mempunyai suatu kelebihan yaitu steam yang dihasilkan dari reservoir sangat kering dengan persentase 90 persen. Sehingga tidak memerlukan separator untuk memisahkan fase uap dan fase liquid dari setiap sumur produksi, tetapi menggunakan suatu perangkat khusus yang disebut demister. Demister merupakan sebuah alat yang mirip dengan separator yang mana fungsinya untuk memisahkan fasa cair dan fasa steam agar steam yang masuk ke proses selanjutnya (Turbin) dalam keadaan benar – benar kering. Demister ini terletak pada jalur main steam line yang mana fluida yang berasal dari sumur produksi ini dialirkan menuju demister dan langsung mengenai cone, dikarenakan perbedaan tekanan dan berat jenis maka tetesan air kondensat serta partikel padat yang terbawa oleh steam akan jatuh ke dasar demister. Komponen pengendalian level pada demister terdiri dari Level Trasmitter, Level Indicated Controller, proses demister serta control valve yang akan diatur bukaannya oleh controller. Pada PID operasi terdapat overshoot maka dari itu penulis melakukan penalaan dengan metode direct sythesis. Serta melakukan analisa kestabilan dengan menggunakan metode Nyquist Stability pada sistem pengendalian level di Demister dengan controller PID actual dan sistem dapat dikatakan stabil.
Modeling walkability by remote sensing as latent walking speed extracted from multiple digital trail maps
Authors: Šerić Ljiljana , Tavra Marina , Racetin Ivan , Ivanda Antonia
Published: February 2023

Coordinating and managing teams searching for missing persons in wilderness areas is challenging. Local terrain characteristics and environmental conditions strongly influence how searchers accomplish their search tasks. When making decisions, searchers consult various maps of the area. In this paper we proposed a methodology for mapping characteristics of the area that influence user behavior when walking the area, and define a walkability model of the terrain. We define walkability as a measure of how fast a person can walk through terrain. The observed walking speed depends on factors such as the fitness and motivation of a person walking through the terrain, as well as on assistive features and the configuration of the terrain. In our method, walkability is predicted only as a feature of terrain configuration. We used singular value decomposition (SVD) to transform datasets to extract latent features of the terrain and users from multiple Global Positioning System (GPS) trails. We define the walkability measure as a latent component of walking speed, which is a function of terrain features. Finally, we use a  polynomial regression algorithm to build a model for predicting terrain walkability based on remote sensing imagery from the Sentinel-2 mission. The application of the proposed model is demonstrated in the Kozjak mountain region in the Republic of Croatia.
Britanya İstisnacılığının Adasallığı: Eleştirel Jeopolitik Perspektifinden Bir İnceleme
Authors: UZ-HANÇARLI Pınar , PARLAK İsmet
Published: February 2023

31 Ocak 2020’de Avrupa Birliği’nden resmi olarak ayrılma sürecini tamamlayan Britanya’nın tarihsel olarak Topluluk ile kurduğu ilişki “tuhaf/isteksiz ortak”, “yarı-ayrık ilişki” gibi tanımlamalar çerçevesinde sürdürülmüştür. Bu ilişkide istisnacılık söylem ve siyasetini benimseyen bir ülke olarak Britanya, ada ülkesi olma halini ve adasallığını hem ulusal kimliğin oluşumuna dahil etmiş hem de Avrupa Ekonomik Topluluğu/Avrupa Birliği politikalarının dışında kalma ya da bunu talep etme meşruiyetini sağlamak için kullanmıştır. Meşruiyetini coğrafyanın doğal ve verili olması kabulünden alan Britanya adasallığının istisnacılık söylem ve siyasetine nasıl bir katkı yaptığı bu çalışmanın temel araştırma sorusudur. Sosyal bilimlerin coğrafi incelemelerindeki tarihsel boşluğu doldurmaya çalışan eleştirel jeopolitik perspektifin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada, araştırma sorusunun cevaplanması için Britanya Parlamentosu’ndaki milletvekillerinin Avrupa Ekonomik Topluluğu/Avrupa Birliği üyelik dönemi boyunca yaptıkları konuşmalar “ada ülkesi olma hali” temelinde incelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda incelenen söylem örneklerinin Britanya kimliğini Avrupa’nın karşıtı olarak yeniden üretme amacının yanı sıra, Ortak Balıkçılık Politikası ile sınır ve göç politikaları gibi alanlarda istisnacı bir yaklaşımla muafiyet meşruiyeti oluşturmaya katkı sağladığı söylenebilir.
CONCEPT OF HYPOTHYROIDISM [QILLAT-E-IFRAZ-E-DARQIYA] IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE
Authors: Iqbal Tabassum S. M , Farooqui A.H. , Salma Shaikh , Khan Shoeb Pathan Tausif S. , Qureshi Quaasim Ahmed
Published: February 2023

As the cases of hypothyroidism is increasing in India, one woman after other women getting affected, it is very essential to know more about this condition and prevalence, early detection of this condition and early management of the disease resulting in good recovery. Population growths, rapid urbanization, are playing a major role in disease spread. Measures should be taken to control the aforementioned causes to prevent disease spread and Hypothyroidism (Qillat-e-ifraz-darqiya) is a clinical state resulting due to structural and functional abnormalities of thyroid gland caused by thyroid hormone deficiency by reduced production. In simplest term it can be defined as deficient production of thyroid hormone. It's caused mainly in women and less number in men.
MANAGEMENT OF FACIAL PALSY (LAQWA) THROUGH UNANI MEDICINE: A CASE SERIES
Authors: Qaiyyum Ifra Abdul , Qayyum Sameena Abdul , Kalam Mohd Afsahul
Published: February 2023

Laqwa (facial palsy) is the most common cranial nerve motor neuropathy and it results in a characteristic facial distortion that is determined in part by the nerves branches involved. In majority of cases the cause is idiopathic. Rabban Tabri has originally described facial palsy entitled it as “laqwa” and explained its treatment. Thousands of people each year develop facial paralysis, a relatively common disorder with many different origins (infectious, traumatic, neoplastic, inflammatory, metabolic or idiopathic). The annual incidence has been estimated to be approximately 70 cases per 100,000 populations. Incidence of unilateral facial paralysis is 1,000 cases per 5 million populations per year. Unani scholars from various part of the world have been treating this condition since centuries successfully. Improvement of facial muscle function begins within first 3 weeks after onset of disease. Different effective regimes are available in Unani system of medicine (USM) for the treatment of Laqwa (facial palsy). Those treatments are effective and having fewer side effects. In the present paper the case studies of two male patients suffering from Laqwa (facial palsy). After series of investigation no definitive etiology could be traced out, hence considered as unilateral Facial palsy of left side, treated with Unani formulations is reported. This case series documented the successful treatment and prevention of recurrence of Laqwa (facial palsy) through Unani medicines. It concluded that the Unani regimen was effective and safe in the management of Laqwa (facial palsy).In most cases, Bell's palsy has a good prognosis and the patient will recover with outpatient therapy without complication.
THERAPEUTIC APPLICATION OF TANKAR (BORAX) ACCORDING TO UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE: A REVIEW
Authors: Qaiyyum Ifra Abdul , Qayyum Sameena Abdul
Published: February 2023

Borax is a mineral origin drug belongs to traditional system of medicine. It is a color less, translucent monoclinic crystalline with irregular shape. Chemically it is composition of boric acid and sodium. Its important component is Boron. It is also called as Sodium biborate. Borax contains 11.3% boron. Turkey is the largest source of borax about 73% of world. Vegetables, Fruits and salts are the main source of boron. Borax is used as a medicine because of its various therapeutic purposes such as Antimicrobial, Anticancer, Osteogenesis, Genotoxic, Vermicidal, Hemostatic, Analgesic and Healing properties. The information about this drug was extracted from traditional, modern drugs and electronic resources. Borax naturally present in crude form known as “sohagroo or tinkala”. After purification sohagroo called as Tankar (borax) and used for multiple therapeutic purposes. Borax is pentahydrate with specific gravity 1.73 having wide range of actions in Unani System of Medicine (USM) such as Jali(Cleanser/Detergent), Dafe-taaffun ( Antiseptic), Hazim ( Digestive), qatil-e-Jaraseem (Insecticides), Akkal (Corrosive), Munaffis-e-balgham (Expectorant), Mudir-e-hydz (Emmenogogue), Mudir-e-bowl (Diuretic), Kasir-i-Riyah (Carminative) and Daf-esamoom (Antidot). Traditionally used orally in the treatment of acidity, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, puerperal convulsions (PIH). Locally beneficial for ulcers, piles, cystitis, leucorrhea, gonorrhea, cervical erosion also treat skin disease such as ringworm, acne, Pityriasis and melasma. Borax has temperament hot and dry temperament.