bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Current status, challenges and perspectives of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for cardiac regeneration
Authors: Docshin P. M. , Bairqdar A. , Malashicheva A. B.
Published: September 2021

Modern methods of treating heart failure are similar to the palliative care, since they mostly relieve the symptoms of the disease. The discovery of resident cardiac stem cells gave impetus to the development of “second generation” cell therapy, which quickly moved from animal research to clinical trials with critically ill patients. Many cardiac side population cells have been identified to have stem cells characteristics and some additional individual characteristics, both in vitro and in vivo. The results of clinical studies demonstrated that the stem cell treatment is safe, however, this type of cell-based therapy did not restore cardiac function. Its effects were limited to mildly improving left ventricular systolic pressure and reducing the scar area. Despite that, the promising nature of these therapeutic approaches for heart diseases have contributed to the development of next-generation cell therapy.
Antimicrobial vascular grafts: experimental development and implementation in clinical practice
Authors: Krivkina E. O. , Мatveeva V. G. , Antonova L. V.
Published: September 2021

Prosthetic vascular graft infections, followed by severe complications and high mortality rates, remain one of the main issues in cardiovascular surgery. Therefore, the development of antimicrobial coating for vascular prostheses that is capable of preventing the infection is a very relevant field. This review outlines the main factors of development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the main directions in the development of vascular prostheses with an antimicrobial coating, and the prospects for the application of antimicrobial peptides and cationic amphiphiles as antimicrobial coating to develop an infection-resistant vascular prosthesis.
The Legal Basis For Control in the Sphere of Use And Protection of the Animal World in Ukraine
Authors: Marchenko Svitlana
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the legal bases for control in the sphere of use, reproduction and protection of the animal world. legislative support of environmental control in the fild of use, reproduction and protection of wildlife was considered. Th system and powers of state authorities and bodies of local self-government concerning the implementation of the control function in the field of use, reproduction and protection of the animal world were investigated. On the basis of the analysis of legal literature and legislation of Ukraine, the peculiarities of legal regulation of control in the fild of use, reproduction and protection of wildlife were singled out, the classifiation of environmental control in the sphere of use, reproduction and protection of the animal world by subjects of its implementation and the areas of the use of animal objects has been made. Particular attention was paid to the implementation of control in the field of fisheries as one of the types of agricultural production. It was concluded that control in the sphere of use, reproduction and protection of wildlife is one of the most important functions of the state in ensuring the right to an environment that is safe for life and health and compensation for damage caused by violation of this right, stipulated in Art. 50 of the constitution of Ukraine. Proper regulation of control activities in the fild of use, reproduction and protection of wildlife can become a guarantee of observance of the norms of the current legislation, and substantially balance the relationship between the subject and the object of control.
Issues on the Definition of Administrative-Legal System of Principles for Regulation of Natural Monopoly Subjects’ Activities in the Sector of Electric Power Engineering in Ukraine
Authors: Berlach Anna Viktorivna
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the analysis of modern scientific views on determining the content of the principles for legal regulation development. In particular, the author investigates issues of administrative and legal regulation of natural monopoly entities activity in the field of electric power engineering in Ukraine. Ths way of author’s approach can be explained by the peculiarities of relations in the sector of electric energy production in Ukraine. These peculiarities include: the necessity to regulate competition on electricity market, prevention of corruption and other negative consequences of the monopoly, as well as the increasing of investment attractiveness in the electric power sector. Th author shows that the relevance of this research is determined by the dynamic development of legislation within this industry along with conditions of legal relations in the field of electricity, in particular, the launch of new entities into the electricity market. There it is shown that the current legislation of Ukraine defines the relevant standards of functioning of the electricity market, concerning general approaches to the content of state policy in this sector of economy. At the same time, it was emphasized that the system of principles for administrative and legal regulation of the subjects of natural monopolies activity in the field of electricity is subject to further investigation. The content of sectoral legislation governing the electricity sector and anti-monopoly one that defines the legal status of natural monopoly entities are analyzed in detail. It is shown that at present time the authorities that are to legislate these principles have established them just in some certain areas of administrative and legal regulation in this field without proper systematic and scientifically grounded approach. According to the author’s idea, such a situation may complicate the law enforcement practice, since the question of the application of a particular system of principles remains dim. Th author has formulated the conclusion on the need for improvement of sectoral legislation, which would ensure balance of interests between manufacturers and consumers of electricity, taking into account the whole economic system of the country.
Suspension of Administrative Court Proceedings Due to Extraordinary Administrative Proceedings
Authors: Polanowski Jakub
Published: September 2021

Art. 124 § 1 point 6 in conjunction with Art. 56 of the Act on Proceedings Before Administrative Courts should be understood in accordance with Art. 2 and 45 of the Polish Constitution, in such a way that the suspension of proceedings on this basis requires prior consideration of all the circumstances of the case, including the circumstances justifying its immediate examination. This especially applies to cases where the court finds the possibility of abuse of procedural law. The circumstances which constitute the basis for the suspension of court proceedings, pursuant to Art. 125 § 1 point 1 of the Act on Proceedings Before Administrative Courts, must objectively condition the court’s decision. When applying the above-mentioned provisions, the court is obliged to consider the effects of possible waiting for a decision on a preliminary ruling. The purpose of the article is to draw attention to the need for a rational adjudication on the suspension of court and administrative proceedings, in order to maintain the principle of the speed of proceedings.
Reputation of a Local Government Unit – Legal Aspects
Authors: Szczotka Wojciech
Published: September 2021

The issue of reputation of a local government unit is located on the border of two important branches of law – civil and administrative. Reputation is a category of civil law – it is a personal right vested in legal persons, while the issue related to local government units concerns institutions in the field of administrative law. Reputation of a local government unit may be violated in two cases. Th first of them consists in spreading false information about the entity, which also undermines its reputation. In the second case, there is a violation of good name when publishing evaluative statements in which the respective subject is criticized, lacking in the constructive feature. In order for the reputation of a municipality, poviat or voivodeship to be violated, it can be addressed to both their organs, self-government organizational units and their employees, as well as the general public of their residents as well as a local government unit as an unspecified whole. Local government units have the same legal remedies as all other civil law entities provided for in the Civil Code, i.e. claims under Art. 24 and 448.
Evolution of Polish Legal Regulations Devoted to the Issue of Licensing Business Activities
Authors: Wołoszyn-Cichocka Agnieszka
Published: September 2021

The concession is considered to be the most important and most distressing form of business activity control for the entrepreneur. In the Polish legal order, it was the subject of regulation of every legal act which was considered to be the so-called economic constitution. The purpose of this study is to bring closer Polish legal regulations devoted to the issue of licensing business activities from the interwar period to the current law. Particular emphasis should be placed on how to regulate concessions in the applicable Entrepreneurs Law, which significantly differs from previous legal regulations. The legislator’s intention was to create an act of a very general nature, regulating only problems of fundamental importance for the issue of concessions. Other issues are regulated by special laws.
Conditions for Medical Use of Marijuana in Poland – Aspects of Administrative Law
Authors: Kuna Michał
Published: September 2021

Since the criminalization of the use of marijuana in Poland, introduced in 1985, various controversies and understatements have been taking place, as a result of which it was punishable to use this substance also for medical purposes. Th subject of the article is the analysis and assessment of administrative and legal solutions adopted by the legislator, in particular changes from November 1, 2017, formally permitting the legal marketing of marijuana as a pharmaceutical raw material, as well as its use in the treatment and alleviation of symptoms accompanying specific diseases. Th issues discussed were presented on the basis of European law, current legal regulations contained, among others, in the Pharmaceutical act of September 6, 2001, and in the act on counteracting Drug addiction of July 25, 2005, as well as regulations issued on their basis. In the final part of the article, de lege lata, proposals of factual and legal solutions are presented, aimed at actually facilitating the medical use of marijuana to patients.
Vocational and Social Activation of People with Disabilities in the Modern Labor Market – Vocational Development Centers
Authors: Łubianka Beata , Mariańczyk Katarzyna
Published: September 2021

The article is for an overview. It presents the issues of vocational rehabilitation of people with disabilities on the example of vocational development centers. Th work is based on publications about vocational development centers from the last ten years. Th purpose of the article is to present the current state of functioning of vocational development centers as one of the contemporary forms of professional activation of disabled people in Poland. Th social, legal and organizational aspects of the activity of vocational development centers were analyzed, with particular reference to the local labor market of the Lublin Voivodeship.
Universal Service and Competition
Authors: De Ridder John
Published: September 2021

The author is advising the Cook Islands on how to introduce mobile competition, drawing on the experience of Australia. In both countries the impact of infrastructure competition on mandated geographically uniform pricing is being (or proposed to be) addressed with a levy. The different approaches to measuring costs and setting the levy are contrasted.
The paper proposes that a universal service levy has to be coupled with consistent access pricing to have efficient competition consistent with universal service policy. Interconnection between networks is free but the pricing of resold wholesale services should be consistent with the aims of the levy; to ensure universal service and efficient competition.
Novel sweeps technology in endodontics — A review
Authors: Vishwaja Uppalapati , Panthangi Sindhuja , Lakshmi Charan Reddy Chavva , Basavaiah Babu Mattapudi , Podili Srivalli
Published: September 2021

A novel SWEEPS® Er:YAG laser modality was recently introduced with the purpose of improving the disinfecting and activating efficacy of SSP laser assisted endodontic procedures by permitting the generation of primary and secondary shock waves throughout the complicated root canal system. The SWEEPS method greatly improves the efficacy of removing debris and medications from the root canal system. In the most current Er:YAG dental laser devices, the complimentary combination of SSP and SWEEPS® technology constitutes a distinct solution for modern endodontics. The aim of this review is to: (i) Offer the most relevant data on a novel SWEEPS (shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming) technology, its relative advantages, with an emphasis on single-pulse SSP laser-assisted irrigation and dual pulse SWEEPS technology; (ii) Provide recommendations for the use of SWEEPS technology in Endodontics based on current evidence; (iii) Highlight the areas in which more research is required.
Endodontic management of multiple roots and root canals in mandibular canine: A case report series
Authors: Nivas Varatharajan Pradeep , kumar thirunavukkarasu Manoj , Babu Kurian Athul , Madhuram K.
Published: September 2021

Successful endodontic treatment depends upon the clinician’s precise knowledge and ability to manage complex internal anatomy in order to avoid failure during endodontic treatment. Mandibular canines normally have single root with centrally placed single canal and internal anatomy as simple as could be expected, but there are such canines with a single root with two canals, two roots or fused roots. The occurrence of two canal joining to one for a men may be a rare entity with 4-15% prevalence. Canine is the cornerstone of mouth due to its position and very important as abutment for any type of restoration, so long term success of the restorative depend directly on the quality of endodontic treatment. This article presents a case series of successful endodontic management of mandibular canine with two canals which merge into one canal with one foramina and mandibular canine with two roots and two canals.
Customizing the prefabricated fiber post: A case report
Authors: Satija Ritika , Singla Meenu G
Published: September 2021

Customizing the prefabricated fiber post to direct anatomic post possesses advantages of intimate adaptation of the cast metal post and similar modulus of elasticity of prefabricated fiber post, thus optimizing the properties of both. This report presents the case of a 30-year-old female patient with a grossly decayed upper right central incisor having a history of intermittent pain and swelling since 2 weeks. Patient presented with a history of trauma 2 years back and recurring sinus formation since 6 months. A diagnosis of chronic periapical abscess was established and the endodontic treatment followed by direct anatomic post and crown were recommended for the affected tooth. One year conclusive outcome of the presented case highlights that customizing the prefabricated fiber post is relatively simple, minimally invasive and requires only few additional steps in single appointment beyond those needed to lute a prefabricated fiber post.
Covid-19 and Poverty Assessment in Nigeria – The Vulnerability Approach
Authors: Onuka Onwuka Ifeanyi , Oroboghae Ozegbe Roseline
Published: September 2021

The aim of the study was to abstract from the vulnerability theory to predict the likelihood of more people in Nigeria falling into the poverty trap as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. The study used a parametric technique to obtain estimates of the mean and variance of one-period ahead log-consumption. In doing this, the study hypothesized that estimating household consumption function is important in making inferences about the future and in assessing the vulnerability of household to shocks. The simulation analysis shows that of the 82 percent of the households that are vulnerable to poverty, only about 13 percent are in transitory poverty while the rest are in structural poverty. The implication of this finding is that poverty situation in Nigeria is widespread, entrenched and inter-generational. The current coronavirus pandemic has merely worsened the poverty situation and is not the fundamental cause of poverty in Nigeria. The study recommended among others, that anti-poverty intervention measures of the government, going forward, must be forward-looking and aim largely to increase the productive capacity of the populace instead of merely aiming to alleviate their current state of poverty.
Access to Finance and Legal Framework in Female Entrepreneurship Development in Bangladesh: The Mediating Role of Self-Leadership
Authors: Yingjun Zhu , Jahan Sharmin , Qamruzzaman Md
Published: September 2021

The growing need for entrepreneurship is considered to be a prominent segment of an economy's evolution, especially female entrepreneurs. This study's motivation is to unleash the critical determinants for female entrepreneurs' evolution in the economy of Bangladesh by following institution and self-leadership theory. The study adopted a quantitative method and a structured questionnaire for data collection from female entrepreneurs in Bangladesh. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied to explore the causal effects of access to finance and legal framework. The study revealed that women's entrepreneurial activities are immensely influenced by access to finance, legal constraints, and entrepreneurial skills. The mediating effects of self-leadership behavior also influence women's participation in business activities. Based on the results, it is recommended that the government and other institutions should take the initiative in female entrepreneurship that affect women's self-leading behavior and policymakers should consider the financial aspects relating to women’s business activities. This study is also helpful for empowering women financially and helping them to understand their legal rights by formulating a women-centric strategic plan.
Irrigation Water Use Efficiency in Olive Trees in Kairouan, Tunisia
Authors: Kamiyama Hajime , Kefi Mohamed , Kashiwagi Kenichi
Published: September 2021

This study evaluated the technical efficiency and irrigation water use efficiency of olive farms in Tunisia, using Data Envelopment Analysis. In order to calibrate and validate the findings, data related to area, water use, water quality, cultivar, input, and yield were collected based on interviews from 45 irrigated olive farms in Kairouan Governorate. The results show that average input-oriented water use efficiency under the CRS and VRS specifications is 17.2% and 36.3%, respectively, indicating that the sampled olive farms could reduce the use of water by an average of 82.8% and 63.7% by improving the performance of irrigation systems. Also, it was found that there are large differences in irrigation water use efficiency between the CRS and VRS specifications. Consequently, this indicates that a number of olive farms can enhance overall efficiency by improving the scale of operation. In practical terms, this study provides significant insights for the olive growers in this study regarding the importance of removing scale inefficiency. Specifically, they need to consider the effects of water and soil quality on irrigated fields to improve the efficiency of irrigation water use.
Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in Iran
Authors: Bazm Soheila
Published: September 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
The Relationship between Blood Type and Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Iran (A Review)
Authors: Hesami Arani Mohsen , Abedzadeh Mohammadreza , Nasiri Mehnoosh , Mohammadzadeh Mahdiyeh
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one of the health concerns in Iran. Numerous studies have examined the role of blood type in people with the disease. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of leishmaniasis in different blood groups as a review in Iran.
Materials and Methods: For this review, two researchers evaluated the extracted articles in terms of relevance to the purpose of the study after searching four databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Science Direct. Literature reports on the prevalence of leishmaniasis in different blood groups in Iran until the end of March 2021. Relevant information included study time, study tool, number of subjects, mean age, and the relationship between blood type and infection which were recorded in Excel form.
Results: After searching, screening, and qualitative evaluation of the studies, out of 135 identified articles, five papers met the required requirements. These five articles were published from 1999 to 2012, three studies examined the relationship between cutaneous leishmaniasis with different age groups. Also, three studies experimentally evaluated the relationship between cutaneous leishmaniasis with different human blood groups.
Conclusion: According to the results of the present review, cutaneous leishmaniasis is more common in some blood groups. Studies have shown that Rh-negative blood groups with B alleles are more affected by cutaneous leishmaniasis than others; however, more studies are required.
Hazard Analysis of Trace Metals in Muscle of Sarotherodon Melanotheron and Chrysichthys Nigrodigitatus from Okulu River, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Omozemoje Aigberua Ayobami , Chibueze Izah Sylvester , Richard Glory
Published: September 2021

Introduction: An instance of fish deaths in marine waters surrounding some communities in Bonny and Andoni Local Government Areas in Rivers State was reported in March-April 2020. This study investigated trace metals hazard in muscle of Tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) and Silver Catfish (Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus) from Okulu River, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: Tissues of 24 samples of Sarotherodon melanotheron and Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus obtained from the river were analyzed using atomic adsorption spectrophotometer, and the health risk was estimated based on estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), and total target hazard quotient (TTHQ).
Results: The concentration (mg/kg) of iron, zinc, manganese, copper, cadmium, lead, and chromium in both species ranged 4.00 – 197.30, 9.20 – 35.30, 0.20 – 5.00, 0.00 – 73.10, 0.00 – 1.30, 0.00 – 54.70, and 0.00 – 0.50, respectively. The EDI of trace metals resulting from the consumption of both fish species was higher than the permissible tolerance intake (PTI) mg/day/60kg body weight. The THQ and TTHQ were < 1, indicating that the consumption of this food fish portends no known health concern. However, the carcinogenic risks exceeded the threshold level of 10-6 - 10-4, thus, reflecting carcinogenic tendency. Based on the results obtained, it must be ensured that the effluents discharged into open water bodies meet the recommended limits.
Conclusion: There is a need to create awareness among consumers of food fish in the study area. There should be periodic monitoring of trace metals in surface waters and its food fish population to forestall potential health impact on humans.
Mg-Al–layered Double Hydroxide as Promising Sustainable Nanoadsorbent for Application in Water/Wastewater Treatment Processes; Diethyl Phthalate Removal
Authors: Dolatabadi Maryam , Ghorbanian Akram , Ahmadzadeh Saeid
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Since phthalate esters and their derivatives have the potential to disrupt proper endocrine function, these compounds are considered as one of the most important groups of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. The presence of these compounds in various aquatic environments has caused main concerns about human and animal health and causes problems in the environment.
Materials and Methods: The treatment process was carried out in a glass reactor containing 200 mL polluted water at room temperature. The Mg-Al layered double hydroxides (Mg-Al-LDH) were successfully synthesized and were applied as adsorbents for the removal of Diethyl Phthalate (DEP) from polluted water. The kinetics and isotherm of the process were investigated to determine the exact mechanism of DEP removal from the water medium.
Results: The Mg-Al-LDH was a surface area of 673 (m2 g-1), a total pore of 0.716 (cm3 g-1), and microspore volumes of 0.627 (cm3 g-1), and a pore diameter of 8.64 nm. The maximum DEP removal efficiency of 96.7% was obtained at the DEP concentration of 10 mg L-1, Mg-Al-LDH dosage of 0.50 g L-1, and the reaction time of 30 min. The second-order kinetic model well depicted the kinetics of DEP adsorption (R2 = 0. 99). The Langmuir isotherm model best described the data by predicting the maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of 95.6 mg g-1 and R2 of 0.99.
Conclusion: All the results demonstrate that the Mg-Al-LDH is an efficient, safe, and efficient adsorbent in water and wastewater treatment.
Assessment of residential housing choices, quality, and affordability in Calabar Metropolis, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Okon Inah Eteng , Ikelegu Mark Egbe
Published: September 2021

Purpose of the study: This paper examined the housing quality, its affordability as well as the housing choices which residents of Calabar can make. Housing needs in the city continue to rise in response to rapid urbanization rates and thus lead to high housing demands. Methodology: About 384 questionnaires were distributed randomly within six purposively delineated housing districts in Calabar with a 78 percent success rate. The stratification covered all the housing types, from the low to medium and the high classes. The coordinates of respondents were also collected for spatial analyses in which the inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation method was used to create housing choice maps in the identified districts of the city. The Chi-square statistics were used to test the statistical significance of the created contingency tables. Main Findings: Significant relationship exist between housing affordability and housing quality ((f) = 11.463, p-value = 0.022 (p < 0.05)), and between average monthly income and expenditure on rented residential housing in Calabar ((f) = 539.473, p-value = 0.000 (p < 0.05)). Housing in the metropolis is not affordable to about 80% of residents who expend more than 30% of their income on housing.      Applications of this study: This study helps shape the policy direction of government in housing provision and such, encourage private developers in the sector. Novelty/Originality of this study: Previous studies only addressed housing cost and provision, not a choice, quality, and affordability. This is the first study to address residential housing choices, quality, and affordability in the Calabar metropolis, involving a cross-sectional survey questionnaire. The results will be helpful to developers, homebuyers, and policymakers alike towards affordable housing delivery in Calabar and others. African cities.
Prevalence and Pathology of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Free Range Pigs
Authors: Charitha V. Gnani , Venkatesh K. , Reddy C.V. Sesha , Ramya V. , Sharma S.V.R.
Published: September 2021

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) parasitism in pigs is often associated with subclinical infections leading to poor weight gain and reduced market value. One of the most significant risks is pigs being the host for many zoonotic parasites and thereby threatening human health. Despite the epidemiological data being available from different states of the country, records from Andhra Pradesh are scanty. Hence, a study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in free range pigs of Proddatur municipality Andhra Pradesh, India. Methods: About 142 fecal samples were collected from free range pigs slaughtered in four localities of Proddatur municipality over a period of six months. The fecal samples were later subjected for parasitological examination and the tissue pieces of intestines collected from the slaughtered animals with the embedded parasites and those with pathological changes were subjected to histological staining procedure for identification. Result: Fecal examination revealed 80.98% (115/142) positivity for parasitic ova or occysts. About eleven species of parasites were identified; of them nine were helminths (83.8%) and two were protozoan (10.5%) parasites. Infection with Ascarops spp. (28.2%) and Fasciolopsis buski (17.6%) was found to be significantly (P less than 0.05) higher. The tissue sections of the intestines with pathological lesions revealed embedded parasites in intestinal mucosa infiltrated with eosinophils and mononuclear cells. The higher prevalence of GI parasites in slaughtered pigs in Proddatur region rises concern towards the impact on the health of pigs and as well as pork consumers suggesting a strategic control for GI parasites in pig farming.
Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Chicken Astrovirus Associated with Poultry Enteritis
Authors: Patidar C. , Sharma D.K. , Singathia R. , Suthar P. , Saraswat A. , Singh G. , Purva M. , Sain A.
Published: September 2021

Background: Poultry enteritis is an important multifactorial disease. Chicken Astrovirus (CAstV) usually associated with enteritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of CAstV in poultry enteritis cases, its molecular characterization, phylogenetic analysis and gross and microscopic examination of intestine and liver specimen affected with CAstV. Methods: Total 604 dead poultry birds from commercial poultry farms affected with enteritis were examined for presence of CAstV. Intestinal samples of four birds were pooled to make one biological sample. CAstV was detected by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) using ORF-1b gene specific primers. Molecular characterization was carried out by partial gene sequencing. Result: CAstV was detected in 20.52% (31/151) of samples. Highest prevalence (49.29%) was observed in 0-1 week old chicks. The partial molecular characterization revealed high similarity of the nucleotide sequence from India (97% to 93%) and from USA, Brazil, Poland and Korea (94 to 92%). Further similarity of amino acid sequences of CAstV from India (100% to 98%) and from USA, Brazil, Poland and Korea (98 to 97%) was observed. Histopathological examination revealed villous atrophy, congestion and atrophic cystic glands in sub-mucosa of intestine. Further severe congestion and hemorrhages along with infiltration of inflammatory cells in liver parenchyma was observed.
The Effects of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid and α-Naphthaleneacetic Acid on Biomass Increment, Rhizogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis of Suspension-cultured Dinh Lang Cells [Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms]
Authors: Phuong T.T.B. , Trung V.P. , An N.H. , Tuan N.D. , Nguyen P.T.T.
Published: September 2021

Background: Dinh Lang [Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms] is a medicinal plant widely grown in Vietnam, with proven note-worthy health benefits. However, Dinh Lang’s amounts of triterpenoid saponins could not meet the need of the pharmaceutical industry. Thus, this study’s purpose is to figure out the optimal condition for raising Dinh Lang’s cell biomass, rhizogenesis and somatic embryogenesis to provide materials for bioactive compound productions. Methods: Different 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and α-naphthaleneacetic acid concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L) were examined to determine the best amount of each plant growth regulator for raising cells’ biomass, rhizogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. In each treatment, two grams of eight-week-old calli were cultured in 50 mL of liquid MS medium. Result: It is demonstrated by the results that liquid MS medium containing 1.5 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid has the capacity of producing the highest numbers of somatic embryos (489 embryos per flask) and rooted cells (259.5 cells per flask), while the fresh weight of cells cultured in the medium given 1.5 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid reached its peak of 5.7 g.
MODEL SISTEM ANTRIAN PADA PELAYANAN RESTORAN CEPAT SAJI (Studi Kasus di KFC Gajah Mada Kabupaten Jember)
Authors: Purnomo Bambang Herry , Suryadharma Bertung , Ekasari Nurma Yunita
Published: September 2021

KFC is one of the fast food restaurants in the Jember Regency which is never deserted of visitors, especially that on Gajah Mada Street. The purposes of this study were to determine the characteristics of the queuing system, analyze the queuing applied at KFC, formulate recommendations for improving the queuing system to reduce queuing, and minimize costs. The Data analysis was performed to compare manual calculations and simulation methods using ARENA 14.0. The characteristics of the current queue at KFC are random and unlimited arrival patterns, FIFO (first in first out) queue discipline, and the design of the single phase multi channel queuing system. The queuing distribution used for arrival and service time was the exponential distribution. The queuing model notation at the M/M/2 cashier: FIFO/∞/∞. The recommended queuing model that can be applied was to add 1 cashier to 3 cashiers at a cost of Rp 150,560 from the scenario made. The performance variable in the scenario becomes less than the initial condition, which was ρ cashier becomes 188%, total Wq about 0.92 minutes, and Lq about 2 people. Adding these facilities changes the queuing model notation to (M/M/3: FIFO/∞/∞).

Keywords: ARENA, FIFO queuing discipline KFC Jember, queuing system
DESAIN KEMASAN SEKUNDER PADA PRODUK PROL TAPE DENGAN METODE QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT (QFD) (Studi Kasus di UD. Purnama Jati, Kabupaten Jember)
Authors: Suryaningrat Ida Bagus , Mahardika Nidya Shara , Firlanarosa Mela Eriana
Published: September 2021

Packaging refers to an object to protect and secure certain products within the package as well as giving a particular image to persuade the customers. The research objectives were to identify customers’ desires and satisfaction levels to prol tape product packaging using the quality function deployment (QFD) method, designing packages, determining the type of packaging, and determining the compressive strength of the packaging using a universal testing machine (UTM). The research findings were 4 important attributes found for secondary packaging, namely the attributes of strength, appearance, price, and protection. Based on the attributes, the researcher designed a new secondary packaging using the RSC (regular slotted container) type of packaging consisting of two parts; BC flute type for outer packaging and B flute type for inner packaging. Meanwhile, the old secondary packaging only consisted of one part, namely B flute type for outer packaging. According to the compressive strength test results, the new packaging has a compressive strength value of 189.6 kgf with a maximum stack number of 40 stacks, and the old packaging has a compressive strength value of 82.7 kgf with a maximum stack number of 18 stacks.

Keywords: compressive strength, packaging, prol tape, QFD
KARAKTERISTIK FISIK DAN ORGANOLEPTIK FRIED FROZEN CASSAVA DENGAN VARIASI LAMA WAKTU PEREBUSAN DAN PERENDAMAN NATRIUM BIKARBONAT
Authors: Leseni Ni Ketut , Yuwana Nugraha
Published: September 2021

The abundance of cassava, especially during the main harvest, triggers the accumulation of damaged cassava due to lack of processing and storage. An alternative solution to overcome this problem is by processing it into fried frozen cassava. The freezing process could extend product shelf life. In addition, it is necessary to have additional materials such as sodium bicarbonate to improve physical characteristics because it can form air cavities which make the product becomes more crispy outside and soft inside. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of variations in boiling time and sodium bicarbonate on the characteristic of fried frozen cassava. This study used 8 types of sample variation, 4 levels of factor A (boiling time: A0=0 min; A1=10 min; A2=20 min; A3=30 min) and 2 levels of factor B (sodium bicarbonate: B1=without soaking in sodium bicarbonate; B2=with soaking in sodium bicarbonate). Based on the results of the study, soaking in sodium bicarbonate and boiling time variations gave a significant effect on the texture of fried frozen cassava (value range 4-56 g/mm) but not on lightness (value range 64-71). The assessment from organoleptic characteristic (value range on color/lightness 2.63-3.48, aroma 2.51–3.40, flavor 1.75–3.92, texture 1.51–3.94, overall 1.81–3.81), showed that the fried frozen cassava with 30 minutes boiling time was preferred by consumers, especially those which soaked in sodium bicarbonate.

Keywords: cassava, frozen, boiling time, sodium bicarbonate
PENINGKATAN NILAI GIZI PRODUK PANGAN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN BUBUK DAUN KELOR (Moringa oleifera): REVIEW
Authors: Angelina Clarita , Swasti Yuliana Reni , Pranata Franciscus Sinung
Published: September 2021

In several countries, moringa leaves are starting to be widely used in food products as an alternative to overcome malnutrition. Malnutrition occurs due to a lack of energy and protein balance which disrupt human physiological function. The lack of micronutrient intakes, such as vitamin A, iron, and zinc, can also cause malnutrition. Moringa oleifera is referred to as the most economical tree. Almost every part of the tree contains abundant nutrients and plays an important role in meeting human nutritional needs. Moringa leaves contain high protein, vitamins, and minerals, to be used as an alternative to overcome nutritional problems. Various studies have concluded that moringa leaves can be used in food products. This review aims to determine the use of moringa leaves to increase the nutritional content in food products. The addition of moringa leaf powder causes a significant increase in protein, fiber, and mineral content in several food products. The addition of moringa leaf powder with the highest concentration resulted in the best increase in protein, fat, fiber, and mineral content in several food products. However, the acceptable concentration of moringa leaf powder addition is not more than 5%.

Keywords: mineral content, moringa leaf, nutrient
APLIKASI VARIASI SUKROSA DAN PERBANDINGAN GELATIN-KARAGENAN PADA PERMEN JELI KOPI ROBUSTA (Coffea canephora P.)
Authors: Handayani Septy , Lindriati Triana , Kurniawati Fuji , Sari Puspita
Published: September 2021

Robusta coffee is widely cultivated in Indonesia, and it is often processed into ground coffee. In this study, coffee jelly candy was made for product diversification of coffee. In this case, gel forming agents and sugar are needed to build jelly candy texture, aroma, and taste. The aim of this research was to study the characteristics of coffee jelly candy as affected by sucrose concentration and the ratio of carrageenan to gelatin. A completely randomized design using two factors (sucrose concentration of 40% and 60%; and gelatin to carrageenan ratio of 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25 w/w) was employed. The result showed that sucrose concentrations and gelatin to carrageenan ratio significantly (α > 5%) affected texture, color, moisture content, ash content, and organoleptic parameters (preference towards color, texture, taste, and overall). However, sucrose concentration and the ratio of gelatin to carrageenan not significantly (α < 0,05%) affect antioxidant activity and polyphenol concentration. The effectiveness test showed that coffee jelly candy with 40% sucrose concentration and the ratio of gelatin:carrageenan 50:50 had the highest score with L (lightness) value of 46.79, hardness of 54.53 g/mm, moisture content of 19.26%, ash content of 1.36%, antioxidant activity of 26.63%, total polyphenol of 0.46 mg GAE/mL, preference towards color of 5.60 (rather like), preferences towards aroma of 5.83 (rather like), preferences towards taste of 5.10 (rather like), preferences towards texture of 5.13 (rather like), and overall preference of 5.57 (rather like).

Keywords: carrageenan, gelatin, jelly candy, organoleptic, robusta, sucrose
KAJIAN EMISI DAN KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR DALAM PENGGUNAAN CAMPURAN BAHAN BAKAR BIOSOLAR PADA KENDARAAN PENUMPANG
Authors: Rochmanto Budi , Setiapraja Hari , Ekasari Mutia
Published: September 2021

Research has been conducted to determne the effect of using biodiesesl on emission and fuel efficiencyin diesel engine vehicle. Testing was conducted on vehicle 2500 cc fuelled with 2 base fuel of diesel fuel 48 and diesel fuel Euro4 standard in which both of base fuel was blended with biofuel in form of FAME and HVO with ratio of 30% (B30). Test method was using United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, yakni UN ECE R83 and R10. The results showed the addition of 30% FAME and 30% HVO in petrodiesel and diesel fuel 48, was able to reduce CO and HC emissions. While for NOx emissions there has not been a significant change. The addition of FAME to both base fuels was able to reduce particulate emissions, but conversely with the addition of HVO, particulate emissions were higher. The addition of FAME and HVO to petrodiesel has not been able to save fuel consumption, instead there was a slight increase of 0.1% for FAME and 0.5% HVO. Meanwhile for diesel fuel 48 the addition of FAME is more economical around 5.5%, while the addition of HVO is a little extravagant around 1.8%.%.
RANCANG BANGUN SIMULATOR SISTEM TREATMENT BAHAN BAKAR BIODISEL B20 PADA TANKI INDUK BAHAN BAKAR KRI YOS SUDARSO
Authors: Prasutiyon Hadi , Winarno Arif , Criptosan Edlyn
Published: September 2021

Biodiesel B20 is a mixture of 80% fossil diesel fuel and 20% biofuel. When using B20, the fuel has problems in the form of jelly or mud deposition, so it needs to be overcome by treatment. The treatment that is used today uses a circulation pump but has shortcomings and is not efficient so it needs to be modified using a stirrer. In this research, an analysis of the stirrer treatment using ANSYS software simulation method was carried out to determine the change of sediment before and after stirring, with stirring speed 150 rpm. The use of a stirrer simulation is to make 2 simulation models in the main tank as the largest volume and the daily tank as the smallest volume aims to determine the differences in the results of stirring in the largest and smallest tank.. At the time of stirring, the result is a decrease in sediment from 0 minutes to 4 minutes, then 4 minutes to 8 minutes, then 8 minutes to 12 minutes, then 12 minutes to 16 minutes, then 16 minutes to 20 minutes the fuel has decreased very much and the sediment is almost gone. When stirring is carried out for 20 minutes, the sediment in the fuel tank has not reached 0% so it needs to be stirred continuously until the deposit is 0%. After the fuel has not settled, the fuel is transferred to the main engine using a transfer pump.
ANALISIS OVERALL EQUIPMENT EFFECTIVENESS (OEE) PADA MESIN CNC CUTTING
Authors: Hidayat Hidayat , Jufriyanto Moh. , Rizqi Akhmad Wasiur
Published: September 2021

PT PAL Indonesia (Persero) is one of the state-owned industries and manufactures engaged in the maritime sector. This company has production equipment complete enough to carry out its production of ship components. There is a problem in this machine, it can be seen by the frequency of damage that occurs to machines or equipment due to the damage so that the production target is sometimes not achieved. Another consequence caused by damage to machines or equipment is in terms of the quality of the resulting product, where products that do not comply with quality standards will be reprocessed. Increasing production efficiency at this company is to measure the effectiveness of CNC Cutting machines using the OEE (Overall Equipment Effectiveness) method. The results of this study suggest that the company should pay more attention to factors of use of production time, work according to standards, operator knowledge, and maintenance of machines. By paying attention to these factors, it is expected that the company's productivity will increase and the production process will run effectively and efficiently.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT PENGASAPAN IKAN DENGAN SIRKULASI ASAP TERSEBAR MERATA
Authors: Fiatno Aris , Kusuma Yanti Yantri
Published: September 2021

The processing of smoked fish that is carried out by the XIII Koto Kampar community is still relatively simple, the weaknesses caused by traditional fish smoked include the appearance of being less attractive (partially charred) difficult temperature control and polluting the air. In this research, a fish smoking system was designed using and oven model with a separate combustion chamber, the smoke is flowed through a pipe equipped with a filter and piping design to circulate the smoke evenly to the smoke cabinet. Retrieval of test data in the form of; Efficiency of smoking time by measuring temperature on each shelf and air humidity (RH) in the fumigation chamber, taking proximate content test data to determine moisture, ash, protein and fat content. Temperature testing for 480 minutes while maintaining the temperature between 30-40 ◦C. Humidity at 55% during the curing process and moisture content from 65-48%.
ANALISA PERFORMA DAN KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR PADA MESIN 4-TAK 113CC MENGGUNAKAN BAHAN BAKAR CAMPURAN PREMIUM DAN ETHANOL
Authors: Priatama Muhamad Hafidz Firdaus , Rosyadi Imron , Yusuf Yusvardi
Published: September 2021

The use of a fuel mixture of gasoline and ethanol can reduce the PM2.5 (Particulate Matter) value in the air by 0.3-0.4 µg m-3. This research aims to see the performance of a 4-stroke engine 113cc in standard conditions using a mixture of premium and ethanol. This research learns 5 types of mixture, E0, E10, E15, E20, and E25. The fuels was tested at 5 engine speed 4000, 4500, 5000, 5500, and 6000 rpm, at prony brake dynamometer to measuring performance, fuel consumption and Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC). The results of research show that the highest torque and power is the E15 mixture, that is 8.90 Nm at 5500 rpm and the power obtained is 5.529 kW at 6000 rpm. Meanwhile, the lowest fuel consumption value is found in the E10 with a value of 169.78 gr/hour at 4500 rpm. The lowest SFC value of all fuels is the E15 at 5000 rpm on 27.565 gr/kW.h. This is the lowest of any other fuel, because the  Research Octane Number value is following the compression ratio of the engine, so there is no delay in ignition symptoms that occur during the combustion system. The viscosity value also contributes to the difference in data.
As lutas hegemônicas nos saques em Abreu e Lima (PE) em 2014
Authors: Benzaquen Guilherme Figueredo
Published: September 2021

Em 2014, aconteceu uma greve da Polícia Militar pernambucana, em cujo período se destacam os saques em Abreu e Lima. A cidade nunca tinha vivido algo similar e seus moradores se impressionaram com a forma como os saques se deram. Após o evento, houve uma série de articulações com o intuito de reconstituição de um “apropriado” no contexto local. Entendendo esse processo como lutas hegemônicas a partir de teorias pós-marxistas, é objetivo central deste artigo analisar as mobilizações e ações coletivas que ocorreram durante e após os saques, explorando seu caráter político e suas articulações e equivalências. A pesquisa realizada incluiu trabalho de campo, com entrevistas semiestruturadas, e análise de jornais e vídeos. Assim, o artigo expõe aspectos relevantes dessa suspensão relativa do cotidiano e da disputa posterior em torno da reconstituição da hegemonia na cidade.