bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A constructive non-local means algorithm for low-dose computed tomography denoising with morphological residual processing
Authors: Lepcha Dawa Chyophel , Dogra Ayush , Goyal Bhawna , Goyal Vishal , Kukreja Vinay , Bavirisetti Durga Prasad
Published: September 2023

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has attracted significant attention in the domain of medical imaging due to the inherent risks of normal-dose computed tomography (NDCT) based X-ray radiations to patients. However, reducing radiation dose in CT imaging produces noise and artifacts that degrade image quality and subsequently hinders medical disease diagnostic performance. In order to address these problems, this research article presents a competent low-dose computed tomography image denoising algorithm based on a constructive non-local means algorithm with morphological residual processing to achieve the task of removing noise from the LDCT images. We propose an innovative constructive non-local image filtering algorithm by means of applications in low-dose computed tomography technology. The nonlocal mean filter that was recently proposed was modified to construct our denoising algorithm. It constructs the discrete property of neighboring filtering to enable rapid vectorized and parallel implantation in contemporary shared memory computer platforms while simultaneously decreases computing complexity. Subsequently, the proposed method performs faster computation compared to a non-vectorized and serial implementation in terms of speed and scales linearly with image dimension. In addition, the morphological residual processing is employed for the purpose of edge-preserving image processing. It combines linear lowpass filtering with a nonlinear technique that enables the extraction of meaningful regions where edges could be preserved while removing residual artifacts from the images. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm preserves more textural and structural features while reducing noise, enhances edges and significantly improves image quality more effectively. The proposed research article obtains better results both qualitatively and quantitively when compared to other comparative algorithms on publicly accessible datasets.
Visual representations of single- and multi-sport participation in a youth swimming sample: Implications for definitions and discussions of early specialization
Authors: Larson Heather K. , Young Bradley W. , McHugh Tara-Leigh F. , Rodgers Wendy M.
Published: September 2023

Academic literature and sport policy documents have cited concerns about an increasing prevalence of early sport specialization, with associated burnout, dropout, and injury. However, evidence to support such statements is limited. Definitions of early specialization vary, but a common criterion is continued participation in a single sport, prior to adolescence. We explored the prevalence of single-sport participation and other patterns of sport involvement from ages 6–12 in a Canadian swimming sample using retrospective longitudinal methods. Parents of 236 competitive swimmers (ages 12–17) completed surveys on their children’s sport backgrounds, including the number of sports participated in annually from age 6–12. A cluster heat map elucidated single- and multi-sport patterns over time. Mixed analyses of variance tested for differences by gender and club type. Fourteen percent of our sample showed stable participation in either one sport or multiple sports per year over time, 25% decreased their annual number of sports, and 60% increased. This trend of increasing, rather than decreasing the number of sports in their annual activity roster when approaching age 12 was particularly pronounced for girls. Only 10 participants (4% of the sample) consistently engaged in a single sport each year from age 6–12. Summer (seasonal) swimmers consistently did more sports than year-round swimmers. Overall, our findings showed highly idiosyncratic longitudinal patterns of sport participation that did not easily conform to current sport activity guidelines. We also found similar idiosyncrasy in an ad-hoc analysis of participants who had dropped out of swimming a year later. If single-sport participation is considered a key criterion for defining early specialization, our findings suggest the prevailing narrative around early specialization may be overstated in relation to the number of single-sport athletes. Alternatively, other components of early specialization may be more prevalent and deserving of attention due to possible associations with harmful outcomes.
Enteric virus removal by municipal wastewater treatment to achieve requirements for potable reuse
Authors: Polanco Julio A. , Safarik Jana , Dadakis Jason S. , Johnson Claire , Plumlee Megan H.
Published: September 2023

Primary and secondary treatment of municipal wastewater contributes to virus removal upstream of advanced purification to produce water for potable reuse. In this study, virus occurrence by cultivable and molecular methods was measured over a 24-month period in raw wastewater influents and secondary effluents from two municipal wastewater treatment plants that together provide the recycled water source for an advanced water purification facility. Using a rank-paired, covariance-based statistical approach, virus log removal values were determined for four wastewater treatment processes that operate in parallel at the two facilities (two activated sludge processes, trickling filter process, and trickling filter/solids contactor process). The trickling filter process exhibited the lowest observed removal of cultivable enteric virus with a median removal of 1.0 log10 (or 90% removal) and a 5th percentile log removal of 0.73 (or 82%), compared to the greatest removal observed for one of the activated sludge processes (median log removal of 2.4 or 99.6% and 5th percentile of 2.1 or 99.2%). Median log removal observed for male-specific (MS) and somatic (SOM) coliphage was 1.8 (98.6% removal) and 0.5 (70%), respectively, for trickling filter and 2.9 (99.9%) and 2.0 (99%) for activated sludge. Thus, coliphage removal was fairly similar to removal observed for cultivable enteric virus. The cultivable enteric virus 5th percentile removal (0.7) from the trickling filter treatment process was proposed to the state regulator for credit towards state requirements for virus removal related to groundwater augmentation with purified recycled water. Receiving pathogen removal credits for secondary wastewater treatment would allow for an improved margin (safety factor) of credits beyond the minimum required; and in this case may also increase the number of viable future groundwater recharge sites closer to drinking water production wells by reducing the underground travel time otherwise required to obtain sufficient credits.
Continuity and change: Journal of Applied Journalism & Media Studies
Authors: Lugo-Ocando Jairo , Barkho Leon
Published: September 2023

In this editorial we reflect on the first ten years of our journal’s mission to bring together voices from the Global North and Global South as a platform for scholars and practitioners to discuss and debate the key issues affecting journalism. We acknowledge the great vision and work of our founding editor, professor Leon Barkho, who is stepping down in his role as principal editor. He has developed and implemented the ideas that have shaped our journal and who championed cultural diversity and gender balance as reflected in our editorial board, from the outset. Stepping up to the role of main editor, Jairo Lugo-Ocando talks about the powerful legacy of the journal in making important and critical contributions to academic debates and practitioners’ work and then explains how we will meet the challenges that lie ahead. We outline our continued commitment to a robust peer-review process, a refresh of our editorial board with younger faces to renew and connect the journal to new trends and areas from the emerging scholarship. We highlight a series of Special Issues that will add to our unique collection and focus on specific themes and our intention to relaunch a prize for best article submitted, in conjunction with a major partner. We introduce the six articles for our latest publication bringing together a selection of themes and authors that opens a series of discussions in new areas.
Thalassemia and Its Problems in the Adolescent Age
Authors: Wahidiyat I. , Abdulsalam Maria , Markum A.H. , Mz. Muslichan
Published: September 2023

Due to better facilities and management in facing thalassemic children it is expected that there will be more surviving patients reaching the adult age. But on the other hand there appears many new problems, such as physical, emotional and social problems. Forty cases of thalassemia major and thalassemia Hb E disease who reached the adult age were discussed in this paper. Face deformity, growth disturbance and skin discoloration were seen in 82,5.%, 95% and 85% of the cases respectively.

Inferiority complexes and physical disability were found in about 50% of them. Frequent mild to moderate infections were seen in 25% of the patients. No one suffered from severe or overwhelming infections. Twenty seven (27) out of 40 cases had been splenectomized at the age of more than 5 years. Only 4 cases (10%) showed signs of puberty. The growth disturbance might be due to 2 factors a) failure in maintaining the hemoglobin content at about IO g%, and b) disturbance of gonadotropin hormone due to iron overload. It is therefore highly recommended to put the child at high transfusion regime as early as possible and administer to the child regularly iron chelating agents to prevent the iron overload. Every infection should be promptly eradicated especially in those whose spleen have been removed.

Depression which is common among them should be overcome by giving equal opportunities in educations, vocational training and employment. They should be helped to become integrated into adult society.
Utility of Tuberculin Testing in Children Under 5 Years of Age
Authors: Gaind B.N. , Berry A.M. , Ghosh S.
Published: September 2023

The usefulness of the tuberculin sensitivity in children as an index of tuberculosis was evaluated in terms of the conversion index. Out of 62 children, 27 had abnormal X-rays. Family surveys lead to picking up of nine children who had radiological evidence of the disease. Lymph node biopsy in one of the subjects showed tuberculous lymphadenitis. How relevant this index of tuberculin conversion is as an indicator of tuberculous disease in childhood is clear from the present study. It is an important procedure for screening and can considerably reduce the work load and increase case yield. It also gives us a good idea about the prevalence and epidemiology of tuberculous infection in children.
„az a vállalat lesz sikeresebb, aki üzleti stratégiai kérdésként tekint a fenntarthatósági kihívásokra” : Interjú Veisz Ákossal
Authors: Szabó Dorottya , Trautmann László
Published: September 2023

Interjú Veisz Ákossal, a BDO Magyarország ESG üzletág ügyvezetőjével. A BDO a világ egyik legnagyobb nemzetközi lefedettségű könyvvizsgáló és professzionális tanácsadói hálózata, Magyarországon 32 éve van jelen. A Világpolitika és közgazdaságtan a BDO Magyarország ESG üzletágának ügyvezetőjével, Veisz Ákossal készített interjút az ESG és a compliance közötti összefüggésekről.
(Un)doing home: exploring home-making and identity – an example of a project in a London higher education classroom
Authors: Rifeser Judith , Puntil Donata , Borelli Elena
Published: September 2023

In this article we discuss the lived, embodied experience of home-making in relation to identity and belonging through the example of a service-learning project conducted during the Covid-19 pandemic in a higher education setting in London, UK. We also explore the notion of belonging-not-belonging as a cultural, material and embodied construct, inspired by critical pedagogy. We draw on posthumanism, new materialism, intercultural studies, (auto-)ethnography and creative practice research as possible lines of flight in deconstructing the dichotomy between home and a ‘foreign’ territory-other-than-home that sits at the core of intercultural discourses. We present this project as a possible alternative discourse to (un)do more traditional considerations of home-making as a much more complex construct; in the encounter with new territories, humans and other-than-human artefacts, objects, machines and landscapes, we argue that home-making is a continuous, never-finished process that moves the learner and their teachers continuously. We aim to bring to the forefront new emerging considerations of intercultural studies at the intersection with interdisciplinary, cross-disciplinary and cross-institutional discourses, breaking away from a more traditional and neoliberal view about what belonging means within the context of higher education.
Establishment of withdrawal time and analysis of tiamulin residue in tissues of orally dosed broiler chickens
Authors: Kim Woo H. , Kim Jun Young , Park Kwang Il , Jin Yeung Bae , Kim Suk , Lee Hu-Jang
Published: September 2023

This study was conducted to investigate tiamulin (TML) residues in the edible tissues of orally dosed broiler chickens and to re-establish the withdrawal time (WT). Thirty-six healthy Ross broiler chickens were administered 0.5 (TML-1) and 2.5 kg (TML-2) per ton feed, respectively, of the drug containing TML 78 g/kg for 10 days. Twenty-four tissue samples were collected from 6 chickens in each of the TML-1 and TML-2 groups on 0, 1, 3, and 5 days after drug administration, respectively. The residual concentrations of TML were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The correlation coefficient of the calibration curves was 0.9978 to 0.9998, and the limits of detection and the limits of quantification (LOQ) were in the range of 0.03 to 0.06, and 0.1 to 0.2 µg/kg, respectively. Recoveries ranged between 89.0% to 116.7%, and the coefficients of variation were less than 13.9%. After the drug administration, TML in the TML-1 and TML-2 groups was detected above the LOQ in 1 and 6 samples of liver, respectively, at day 0, and in 1 liver sample from both groups on day one. At 3 days after administration, TML was detected below the LOQ in all samples of TML-1 and TML-2. The calculated WT of TML in both TML-1 and TML-2 using the WT calculation program WT 1.4 was 0 days. In conclusion, the developed analytical method is suitable for detection, and the calculated WT of TML in poultry edible tissues is shorter than the current recommended WT of 7 days for TML in broiler chickens.
Anti-lice activity of Citrullus colocynthis fruits against Pediculus humanus capitis in vitro
Authors: Anah Saad Aziz
Published: September 2023

The increasing resistance of head lice Pediculus humanus capitis to many drugs has highlighted the need for new alternatives to control head lice in adults. The effect of two types of extracts (aqueous and alcoholic) of Citrullus colocynthis fruit on adult lice was tested in vitro. The results showed that the alcoholic extract with a concentration of 20% showed similar efficacy in killing adult lice to that of Natroba 9% w/w, with values ranging between 87% to 98% within 18 minutes, followed by a 20% aqueous extract with a 44% to 79% death rate. A 10% concentration of both types of extracts had moderate lethality for lice, while a 5% concentration did not show strong lethality for adult lice. These results revealed significant differences between the control group and those treated with alcoholic and aqueous extract concentrations of C. colocynthis fruits at the probability level p ≤ 0.05.
Chemical Properties of Liquid Broth Extracted from Freshwater and Marine Shrimp Shells Waste
Authors: Fadhallah Esa Ghanim , Koesoemawardani Dyah , Indraningtyas Lathifa
Published: September 2023

Indonesia's shrimp industry is growing rapidly, but a surge in shrimp waste such as shells and heads shrimps are increasing as well. These waste products contain important components such as protein, minerals, and amino acids. This study aims to determine the chemical properties of liquid broth extracted from freshwater and marine shrimp shells, including ash, protein, fat, monosodium glutamate (MSG), and antioxidant. The liquid broth was extracted by boiling shrimp shells and heads in water with a ratio of 1:2 for 1 hour at 80oC. Results indicate that the type of shrimp used did not affect the broth's ash, fat, protein, MSG, or antioxidant content. Marine and freshwater shrimp liquid broths contain 0.56% and 0.28% ash, 0.10% and 0.50% fat, 2.19% and 1.97% protein, 1.5291% and 1.6274% MSG, and 2263.73 ppm and 2786.2 ppm antioxidant.
Antioxidant Activity Test (DPPH) and Cytotoxicity of Jengkol Peel Ethanol Extract (Pithecellobium jiringa) on Shrimp Larvae (Artemia salina Leach)
Authors: Wibowo Glen Arya , Afriani Tika , Rahmi Azimatur
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of the ethanol extract of jengkol peel (Pithecellobium jiringa). Jengkol peel ethanol extract (Pithecellobium jiringa) was obtained by maceration using 70% ethanol as a solvent. In the phytochemical screening test it was found that chemical compounds contained in jengkol peel (Pithecellobium jiringa) including alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. The antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract was tested using the 35 ppm DPPH method. The test results on the ethanol extract showed moderate antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 209.45 µg/mL. The cytotoxic activity of the ethanol extract was tested by the BSLT method using shrimp larvae (Artemia salina L.). The results showed that the ethanol extract of jengkol peel (Pithecellobium jiringa) has cytotoxic activity with LC50 value minimum of 17.875 mg/L and LC50 a maximum of 360.714 mg/L with an average of 180.136 mg/L.
The Correlation Between Widal Diagnostic Test, Total Leukocyte Count, and Platelet Count in Suspected Typhoid Fever Patients at RS Aura Syifa Kediri
Authors: Loviana Novi , Savitri Lisa , Krissanjaya Rochmad , Kasimo Elfred Rinaldo
Published: September 2023

Typhoid fever is an acute systemic infectious disease that is related to poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. The diagnosis of typhoid fever is established through laboratory examinations, including serological, hematological, and bacteriological tests. This research aims to determine the correlation between the Widal diagnostic test and the total leukocyte count and platelet count in suspected typhoid fever patients at RS Aura Syifa Kediri. The study design used in this research is quantitative descriptive analysis with a cross-sectional approach. The data was collected retrospectively from secondary sources, specifically medical records of patients from August 1, 2021, to March 31, 2022, at RS Aura Syifa Kediri. The total population comprised 157 patients, and a purposive sampling method was used to select 41 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The statistical analysis using the Spearman correlation test resulted in p-values ≥ α = 0.05 for the following correlations: Widal test O with leukocytes (0.538 ≥ 0.05), Widal test H with leukocytes (0.915 ≥ 0.05), Widal test O with platelets (0.476 ≥ 0.05), and Widal test H with platelets (0.965 ≥ 0.05). These findings indicate that there is no significant correlation between the Widal test O and H with the platelet count in patients with typhoid fever. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is no significant relationship between the Widal test O and H results and the platelet count in typhoid fever patients.
Scholastic Hylomorphism and Dean Zimmerman
Authors: Pawl Timothy
Published: September 2023

I present Dean Zimmerman’s conceptualization of the varieties of substance dualism. I then focus attention on a form of dualism that he has discussed briefly in a few places, Thomistic dualism as he calls it, or hylomorphic dualism, as I call it. After explicating hylomorphic dualism, I consider the two places where Zimmerman says the most about it, finding, in one case, a way to alleviate a worry he raises using the resources internal to hylomorphism, and, in the other case, a general agreement with his categorizing hylomorphic dualism as an intermediary position between substance dualism and materialism. Since hylomorphic dualism is something of an intermediary position between substance dualism and materialism, it stands to reason that it could be susceptible to attack from both sides. Thus, in the last portions of this article I consider the arguments Zimmerman answers against dualism and levels against materialism. I argue that the hylomorphic theorist can answer the charges against dualism at least as well as the other dualists can. I find that the main argument against materialism that Zimmerman provides, if sound, would also show any composite form of dualism to be false, too. Happily, the hylomorphic thinker has a method of denying the truth of the first premise of that argument, and so, of denying the soundness of the argument.
Cyberspace Serves Culture: Experiences from Iran During the COVID-19 Crisis
Authors: Aliakbari Farzaneh
Published: September 2023

During the last two years, we have witnessed incredible advancement in the growth of research on E-culture. Because of the COVID-19 outbreak, this advancement was not only a Eurocentric development but could also be seen in non-European countries like Iran, which has accelerated rapidly towards digitalization. This paper is the first attempt to present a comprehensive review of Iranian digital cultural initiatives during the quarantine period of the COVID-19 outbreak (March 2020 to May 2020). This study uses VOSviewer software to analyze the digitalization trend in Iran from a thematic and geographic perspective. The results reveal that there was a significant ascending trend in the number of launched digital cultural projects in Tehran province during the quarantine period. Based on the data sourced from the General Directorate of Islamic Culture and Guidance of Tehran province ‘’اداره کل فرهنگ و ارشاد اسلامی استان تهران’’, 30 digital projects with a socio-cultural scope were identified. This result is in line with the development of digital capabilities in the country. A key finding was the dominance of research related to social media platforms, as highlighted by the high number of digital cultural activities that were launched through Instagram, WhatsApp, and Telegram. This has clear implications for the improvement of E-culture in the country and the development of this domain by recognition of its social, economic, and environmental values. Moreover, the majority of cultural activities revolved around virtual festivals celebrating Iran's intangible cultural heritage, including prominent events like Nowruz (the Persian New Year). This has revealed the dominant role of cultural heritage in the progress of digitalization. These results enabled us to provide an initial framework of digital tendencies in Iran that could potentially contribute to E-culture promotion through the development of new digital tools and formats.
Photogrammetry for Digitization and Digital Display as a Sustainable Way to Develop Vietnam’s Museum Sector?
Authors: Duester Emma , Teague Michal , Pui Ondris
Published: September 2023

This paper explores how photogrammetry and free, open-source software can be used to sustainably develop museum sector capacity to digitize and publish Vietnam’s cultural heritage online. This approach was developed and applied during a digitization project as a solution to overcome challenges experienced in Vietnam concerning a lack of human, technical and financial resources. This paper draws on findings from a co-designed action research project between RMIT University Vietnam (RMIT) and the Vietnamese Women’s Museum (VWM) that developed an approach to create 3D (3 Dimensional) digital artifacts of their Betel Nut Collection using free, open-source software and applying the technique of photogrammetry. The aim was to co-design and co-produce a sustainable solution focused on readily available and easy-to-use digital technologies. However, not all artifacts could be digitized using this method, which sheds light on the challenges and opportunities of digitizing cultural heritage in the Global South. Overall, this sustainable approach can be applied by other museums and cultural institutions and can be a way to empower museums in the Global South to digitize and digitally display cultural heritage artifacts.
Conservation Science Education Online (CSEO) – A heritage science resource
Authors: Murray Alison , Biggs Kyna , Shugar Aaron , Ploeger Rebecca , Uffelman Erich , Stols-Witlox Maartje , Gonzales Patricia , Smith Gregory D. , Loubser Maggi , López Laura Fuster , Di Pietro Giovanna , Sah Anupam , Nevin Austin , Sardarli Arzu , Wei Shuya , Casanova-González Edgar
Published: September 2023

Conservation Science Education Online (CSEO) is a new online resource that shares strategies for teaching science in art conservation and related cultural heritage fields. An overview will be given of how undergraduate chemistry curricula in the United States have used examples from cultural heritage. The field of art conservation will then be described with an emphasis on the science curricula taught in art conservation programs around the world. Challenges include relating theoretical learning to real-world applications and teaching scientific terminology and concepts to students who may have limited science backgrounds; as well, there is a lack of textbooks and resources with appropriate case studies. The newly launched CSEO online resource offers freely available, effective teaching methods in the form of modules developed by international educators in the field. The inaugural CSEO Conference 2022 served as an introduction to the online resource for a global audience and was the first dedicated conference to bring together heritage science educators to discuss challenges and teaching strategies with the goal of building such a resource. The conference facilitated discussions among participants about teaching strategies, with the intention that these topics would become modules for the online resource, available to all science educators.
“I Seek the Stars in the Daytime”: Citation, Recitation, and Leah Goldberg’s Hidden German Poem
Authors: Almagor Michal Peles
Published: September 2023

This article examines the German poem inserted in Leah Goldberg’s debut novel Mikhtavim minesi’ah medumah (Letters From an Imagined Journey 1936/37). I argue that the novel serves as a framework through which Goldberg can momentarily become a German poet, stretching the limits of her Jewish subjectivity and of the monolingual Hebrew literary sphere. Whereas studies have addressed the intertextual references in Goldberg’s novel, scholarly discussions have failed to attend Goldberg’s German poem, overlooking her non-Hebrew poetic voice and the literary genealogy to which she ascribes herself. To understand this moment, I attend Ruth’s intercultural relations with Erich Kästner and Rainer Maria Rilke, whom she quotes over the course of her travels. In so doing, Goldberg points to Ruth’s imagined literary genealogy while putting herself into this tradition as a way to form her voice as a German poet. Written by the protagonist, the poem is recalled and recited in German by Shnithalel, Ruth’s friend from India. This German poem, I argue, offers a key to understanding Goldberg’s prose as a dialogic mode of writing that grapples with Jewish subjectivity and voice, emerging poetically between self and other (Ich and Sie) and interlinguistically between Hebrew and German.
Improvement of inverse characteristics of silicon varicap by using low-temperature gettering
Authors: Litvinenko V. N. , Shutov S. V.
Published: September 2023

Varicaps are widely used in radio electronics as a variable capacitance, the value of which is controlled by voltage. However, it should be noted that the cost of varicaps remains relatively high due to a low yield of suitable devices. This is caused by high levels of reverse currents and low breakdown voltages of varicaps, which is determined by the significant dependence of the reverse characteristics of varicaps on the density of structural defects and heavy metal impurities in their active regions.
This study aimed to discover the causes and mechanisms of degradation of the reverse characteristics of varicaps with an ohmic contact based on nickel during annealing of a nickel film during the formation of an ohmic contact. Another goal was to determine the possibility of using gettering operations to prevent degradation of the reverse characteristics of varicaps and increase the yield of suitable devices.
The conducted experimental studies have shown that the reason for the degradation of the reverse characteristics of varicaps during the formation of a nickel-based ohmic contact is that, during the annealing of the nickel film, the excess nickel atoms not involved in the formation of NiSi silicide penetrate into the region of the space charge of the p-n junction.
The authors consider in detail the proposed technology for manufacturing nickel-based varicap structures with an ohmic contact using gettering of excess nickel atoms by carrying out additional low-temperature annealing of varicap structures using a ready-made “intrinsic geter” — the Si-NiSi interface.
It is shown that the developed technology for fabricating varicap structures using gettering makes it possible to clean the active regions of varicaps from nickel atoms, which ensures a significant decrease in the level of varicap reverse currents and an increase in the yield of suitable devices.
Inhabiting the Atmosphere: The Architecture of the Queen Alexandra Sanatorium
Authors: Altenhof Tim
Published: September 2023

Drawing on both archival research and recent scholarship, this article examines how medical thinking and a scientific understanding of the atmosphere shaped the design of the Queen Alexandra Sanatorium in Davos, Switzerland, designed by Pfleghard & Haefeli from 1905 onward. While the sanatorium is noteworthy in terms of both its construction and its reception in the historiography of modern architecture, this study reassesses the rationale behind the design. Proposing an environmental cure, the institution did away with the idea of architecture as a protective wrapper, and instead presented the atmosphere itself as the primary realm for human habitation. This study thus situates the sanatorium in the atmosphere rather than in the landscape, even though the building appeared to grow from the ground. Conceived with the atmosphere as its proxy envelope, the sanatorium was designed to expose its patients to the celebrated air of Davos, praised for its purity and perfect stillness.
Daily rhythms of diabetogenic factors in men: role of type 2 diabetes and body weight
Authors: Isherwood Cheryl M , Robertson M Denise , Skene Debra J , Johnston Jonathan D
Published: September 2023

Obesity is a major cause of type 2 diabetes. Transition from obesity to type 2 diabetes manifests in the dysregulation of hormones controlling glucose homeostasis and inflammation. As metabolism is a dynamic process that changes across 24 h, we assessed diurnal rhythmicity in a panel of 10 diabetes-related hormones. Plasma hormones were analysed every 2 h over 24 h in a controlled laboratory study with hourly isocaloric drinks during wake. To separate effects of body mass from type 2 diabetes, we recruited three groups of middle-aged men: an overweight (OW) group with type 2 diabetes and two control groups (lean and OW). Average daily concentrations of glucose, triacylglycerol and all the hormones except visfatin were significantly higher in the OW group compared to the lean group (P < 0.001). In type 2 diabetes, glucose, insulin, C-peptide, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 increased further (P < 0.05), whereas triacylglycerol, ghrelin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 concentrations were significantly lower compared to the OW group (P < 0.001). Insulin, C-peptide, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide and leptin exhibited significant diurnal rhythms in all study groups (P < 0.05). Other hormones were only rhythmic in 1 or 2 groups. In every group, hormones associated with glucose regulation (insulin, C-peptide, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, ghrelin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1), triacylglycerol and glucose peaked in the afternoon, whereas glucagon and hormones associated with appetite and inflammation peaked at night. Thus being OW with or without type 2 diabetes significantly affected hormone concentrations but did not affect the timing of the hormonal rhythms.
Evaluación por resultados y la cultura de la “performatividad”: la evaluación docente en la escuela pública del estado de San Pablo (Brasil)
Authors: Calderón Adolfo Ignacio , De Oliveira Junior Rafael Gabriel
Published: September 2023

En el presente artículo abordamos la forma de evaluación docente adoptada en la red estadual de enseñanza primaria y secundaria del Estado de San Pablo (Brasil) en los últimos quince años. Se trata de una estrategia de evaluación que comenzó a ser implantada en la década de los 90 y fue perfeccionada bajo las influencias teórico-conceptuales de la Reforma del Estado y la Administración Pública Gerencial (new public management). Defendemos la tesis que la cultura de la “performatividad” (performativity culture), basada en la evaluación por resultados, acabó arraigándose en la evaluación de la docencia a los largo de los 15 años de funcionamiento del Sistema de Evaluación y Rendimiento Escolar del Estado de San Pablo (SARESP), estableciéndose una relación simbiótica, mutuamente dependiente, entre la evaluación a larga escala de desempeño de los alumnos con la evaluación del desempeño de los docentes, en un contexto de hiperpragmatismo gerencial. Este artículo está dividido en tres partes. En la primera, describimos históricamente el SARESP y la forma de evaluación de la docencia acoplado a ese sistema. En la segunda, analizamos los métodos de evaluación a la luz de la evaluación por resultados y la cultura de la “performatividad”. En la tercera parte, analizamos los consensos, disensos y debates teórico emergentes a respecto del tema enfocado en este artículo.Palabras Clave: Evaluación docente, Evaluación por resultados, Cultura de la performatividad, Evaluación educativa, Evaluación a gran escala.In this article we discuss the form of teacher evaluation adopted in the state of elementary and secondary education in the State of São Paulo (Brazil) in the last fifteen years. This is an evaluation strategy that began to be implemented in the 1990s and has been refined under the influence of theoretical and conceptual of the State Reform and the Public Administration Management (new public management). We defend the thesis that the culture of performativity (performativity culture), based on evaluation results, ended taking root itself in the teacher evaluation to the broad of the 15 years of the running of the System Evaluation of Educational Achievement of São Paulo (SARESP), by establishing a symbiotic relationship, mutually dependent, between the large-scale evaluation of student performance with the performance evaluation of teachers, in a context of hyper managerial pragmatism. This article is divided into three parts. At first, we describe historically the SARESP and teaching evaluation form attached to this system. In the second, we analyze the strategies of evaluation in light of the evaluation results and the culture of performativity. In the third part, we analyze the consensus, dissent and emerging theoretical debates about the topic focused in this article.Keywords: Teacher evaluation, Evaluation by results, Culture of performativity, Educational evaluation, Evaluation in large scale.
La evaluación de la docencia en dos universidades públicas latinoamericanas: Cuba y México
Authors: Aguilar Riveroll Ángel Martín , Carbonell Duménigo Alejandro , Cisneros-Cohernour Edith J.
Published: September 2023

Este artículo describe las características de la evaluación de la docencia en dos universidades públicas Latinoamericanas de Cuba y del Sureste de México. De antemano se reconoce que la docencia es una actividad compleja que al igual que la manera en la que ésta se evalúa existen factores contextuales imprescindibles de considerar, de tal forma que se cuenten con distintos referentes que fortalezcan y amplíen la concepción de lo que significa evaluación de la docencia.El análisis de los sistemas de evaluación indica que ésta se realiza en diferentes momentos y con diferentes propósitos. Los autores enfatizan las diferencias y fortalezas de los dos sistemas de evaluación y hacen recomendaciones para su mejora. Es importante examinar con mayor detenimiento los procesos de la evaluación y el uso de los resultados en instituciones de educación superior en América Latina, así como su validez y consecuencias. Aun cuando la evaluación formal de la docencia presenta avances importantes, todavía se encuentra en una etapa incipiente después de más de 30 años de esfuerzos continuos, por lo que vale la pena continuar trabajando en su consolidación.Palabras clave: Evaluación, Enseñanza universitaria, Latinoamérica.This article describes the characteristics of the evaluation of college teaching in two universities from Cuba and Southern Mexico. Because teaching is a complex activity, its evaluation needs to give special attention to contextual factors, and different sources of evidence that provide us with a deeper and broad conception about the meaning of evaluation results.The analysis of both evaluation systems indicates that the evaluation of teaching takes place in different moments and has different purposes. The authors stress the differences and strengths of the two evaluation systems and make recommendations for its improvement. In addition, they stress the need for examining more deeply the evaluation processes and the use of evaluation results in Latin American higher education institutions, as well as its validity and consequences. It is important to examine more closely the processes of evaluation and use of results in institutions of higher education in Latin America and its validity and implications. Although formal evaluation of teaching has significant advances, is still in an incipient stage after more than 30 years of continuous efforts, so it is worth continuing to work on its improvement.Keywords: Evaluation, College teaching, Latin America.
Reflexión pedagógica y auto evaluación docente: ¿Simbiosis o depredación?
Authors: Salazar Ascencio José , Salazar Valenzuela Pamela , Hidalgo Standen Carolina , Villalobos Claveria Alejandro , Marín Álvarez Pedro , Coloma Manrique Carmen , Mendivil de Peña Luzmila , Pesci Rivara Graciela , Oscar Páez Roberto
Published: September 2023

Se trata de un trabajo que recoge la opinión de profesores chilenos, sobre la autoevaluación que realizan docentes municipales sometidos al programa nacional de evaluación docente. Los resultados de dicho programa revelan que en el quinquenio 2007-2011, existe una marcada diferencia en los promedios nacionales obtenidos en la autoevaluación que se asignan los docentes (3,9 sobre 4), con las ocho dimensiones que evalúa el portafolio, donde su promedio no alcanza el mínimo de aprobación (2,5 sobre 4). Se aplicó una entrevista semiestructurada a 38 profesores pertenecientes a establecimientos particulares subvencionados (los que no tienen obligación alguna de participar del programa nacional de evaluación). La explicación que otorgan en relación a esta discrepancia, es en su mayoría a la falta de reflexión y autocrítica de los docentes con respecto a su desempeño, mientras que un porcentaje no menor, mencionan que los instrumentos de evaluación no se acercan a la realidad nacional y son fácilmente manipulables. Cabe destacar, que existe cierto desconocimiento en relación a las prácticas evaluativas utilizadas por el programa, sin embargo, aun así, se plantea como una forma de abordar el problema, brindar mayor capacitación y supervisión de las prácticas docentes.Palabras Claves: Autoevaluación, Evaluación del profesor, Calidad de la enseñanza.It’s about a work that piles the opinions of several Chilean professors, on self-assessment made by educators municipal submitted to national teacher evaluation program. The results of this program shows that in the period of 2007-2011, there is a marked difference in the national averages obtained in the self-assessment that teachers are assigned (3,9 over 4) with the 8 dimensions that are evaluated on the briefcase, where the average don’t reach the minimum of approbation (2,5 over 4). A semi structured interview was applied to 38 professors belonging to private subsidized schools (the ones who had no obligations so ever in participate in the national program of evaluation). The explanation they give regarding this discrepancy is mostly a lack of reflection and self-criticism of teachers with regard to their performance, meanwhile a not minor percentage, mentions that the instruments of evaluations are not close to the national reality and are easily manipulable. Remarkably, there is some dark regarding assessment practices used by the program, however, still is seen as a way to address the problem, provide more training and supervision of teaching practice.Keywords: Self-Evaluation, Teacher appraisal, Teaching quality.
Condiciones contextuales para el desarrollo de la práctica docente
Authors: Rueda Beltrán Mario , Canales Sánchez Alejandro , Leyva Barajas Yolanda E. , Luna Serrano Edna
Published: September 2023

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar los factores contextuales que inciden sobre la actividad docente en el salón de clases en la universidad pública en México. El estudio se realiza de acuerdo con tres dimensiones de análisis: la dimensión macro, incluye las condiciones y políticas nacionales de evaluación docente; la dimensión meso, revisa las condiciones y políticas institucionales de evaluación docente y el nivel micro examina las condiciones del aula que afectan la práctica docente. Argumenta a favor de realizar un diagnóstico que proporcione información específica que permita comprender las condiciones en las que trabajan los profesores en las instituciones públicas de educación superior mexicanas, así como las situaciones que promueven la calidad de la docencia.Palabras clave: Evaluación docente, Políticas de evaluación, Evaluación de profesores, Docencia universitaria.This study analyzes the public university context elements that influence the teaching practice inside the classroom in Mexico. This research has three analysis dimensions: macro level, which includes national teachers’ evaluation policies and conditions; meso level, reviews institutional teachers’ evaluation policies and conditions, and micro level that examine the classroom conditions that affect teaching practice. This research argues in favor of having a diagnosis that provides specific information that allows the understanding of the teachers work conditions in public Mexican higher education institutions and the situations that promote quality teaching.Keywords: Faculty evaluation, Evaluation policy, University faculty, Higher Education teaching.
Differential geometry of nonholonomic complexes NGr(1, n, 2n − 4) in n-dimensional affine space
Authors: Navickis Kazimieras
Published: September 2023

In this article the differential geometry of the nonholonomic complex NGr(1, n, 2n − 4) in the n-dimensional affine space is studied. The classification of such complexes and geometric interpretations are given.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЕКОНОМІКО-ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ СТАЛОГО ВЕДЕННЯ ЛІСОВОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ЗМІН КЛІМАТУ
Authors: ВОЛКОВСЬКА Юлія , ДУБОВІЧ Іон
Published: September 2023

Розглянуто глобальні проблеми, пов’язані із зменшенням біорізноманіття лісів, які призводять до руйнування і виснаження природних лісових ресурсів. Доведено, що деградація і втрата лісових екосистем неминуче призведуть до негативного впливу на якість життя і здоров’я населення. Виявлено основні прогалини економіко-правового регулювання, які ускладнюють забезпечення сталого ведення лісового господарства в Україні в умовах зміни клімату. Підкреслено, що основними причинами їх виникнення в лісовому секторі є недосконалість системи управління і стратегії сталого розвитку лісового господарства.
Показники лісистості в Україні розглянуто згідно з національною екологічною політикою. Обґрунтовано, що сьогодні для України характерними є лісодефіцитність і, відповідно, неспроможність забезпечувати екологічну рівновагу й потреби в деревині. В умовах війни РФ проти України неможливо забезпечити стале ведення лісового господарства на тимчасово окупованій російськими військами території, а також у регіонах з підвищеним ризиком небезпеки, де здійснюються постійні обстріли. Підтверджено, що проблеми збіднення і знищення лісових екосистем позначаються на якості життя, здоров’ї та добробуті населення, отже, вони займають особливе місце серед сучасних економіко-правових аспектів. В умовах євроінтеграційного процесу Україна має забезпечити стале ведення лісового господарства відповідно до принципів і стандартів Європейського Союзу. Сформовано рекомендації щодо забезпечення інтегрованого економіко-правового підходу до охорони, збереження й відновлення біорізноманіття лісів, а також сталого управління лісовим господарством в Україні.
Prácticas de comunicación política del movimiento campesino en Colombia
Authors: Valderrama-Higuera Carlos-Eduardo
Published: September 2023

En este artículo se abordó la comunicación política del movimiento campesino en Colombia y la disputa por los sentidos de sus luchas a través del uso de las redes sociales de internet. Para ello se analizaron algunos de los momentos más significativos de las protestas de campesinos y campesinas desde principios del siglo XX, se describieron las disputas por el sentido de sus luchas y se discutió de modo concreto sobre las prácticas y estrategias de comunicación mediadas por las redes sociales de internet, la ampliación de la esfera pública y las dinámicas de comunicación en los modos de organización y participación. Se concluyó la necesidad de resaltar el papel de la comunicación en la ampliación de la comunidad política de los movimientos sociales.
Paz y polarización en Colombia: encuadre informativo sobre las objeciones a la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz (JEP), 2019
Authors: Lombana-Bermúdez Andrés , García-Ramírez Diego
Published: September 2023

En el artículo se analizó el encuadre informativo que medios colombianos realizaron al trámite de las objeciones a la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz (JEP) planteadas por el presidente Iván Duque. A partir de la fuente de 13 medios y de 1496 piezas informativas publicadas entre febrero y junio de 2019, así como de un análisis de contenido a las 121 noticias más compartidas en Facebook, se pudo evidenciar que los medios recurren a un marco confrontacional para producir información relacionada con la JEP. Fue posible identificar el uso de este encuadre en 85 textos caracterizados con posturas a favor y en contra de esta entidad. En contraste, las 36 piezas en las que no se identificó el encuadre de conflicto se caracterizaron por una postura de pretensión de equilibrio.
Una visión alternativa del conflicto ucraniano: Stephen F. Cohen sobre los orígenes de la Nueva Guerra Fría
Authors: Gaido Daniel
Published: September 2023

Este artículo examina el análisis del historiador Stephen F. Cohen (1928-2020) sobre lo que llamó la “Nueva Guerra Fría”, es decir, la confrontación entre Estados Unidos y Rusia provocada por la expansión, impulsada por Estados Unidos, de la OTAN a Europa del Este. El marco teórico es la teoría del imperialismo y la metodología consiste en el análisis de fuentes primarias, trabajos académicos y artículos periodísticos. La conclusión es que el análisis de Cohen fue vindicado por el estallido de la guerra actual en Ucrania, pero que su visión “ruso-céntrica” es demasiado estrecha, por lo que su análisis debe ser colocado en el contexto global más grande dentro del cual la guerra en Ucrania tiene lugar: la doble agresión de Estados Unidos contra Rusia y China.