bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kalsium Sulfat sebagai Bone Graft
Authors: Eddy Eddy
Published: February 2022

Calcium sulfate, which is also known as gypsum or Plaster of Paris has been used widely for more than a century. The use of calcium sulfate is not limited only to industry or food, but also to medicine and dentistry. Furthermore, calcium sulfate can be used as a bone graft for bone regeneration after tooth extraction or other bone loss cases. The development of calcium sulfate has attracted much attention from researchers due to its full biodegradability in bone defects, stimulatory effect on angiogenesis, minimal inflammatory responses, and low cost of production. This article reviews the use of calcium sulfate as a bone graft in medicine and dentistry as well as the advantages and the disadvantages.
The Importance of Prosthetic Driven Approach for Implant Placement
Authors: Antono Jonathan , Suwandi Trijani
Published: February 2022

Background : Nowadays implants are becoming a crucial part of modern dentistry. The old “surgically driven approach’ has now evolved to a “prosthetically driven approach”. The accuracy to locate the implant fixture is determined by careful planning, evaluation, diagnostic aids and nonetheless operator experiences’ also play a big role in achieving the best possible outcome. Case report : a 22 years old woman wants implant placement on tooth 36 and 46 to restore the mastication function. Implant placements were done with 2 stages of surgery, and due to covid-19; the second stage was executed 1 year later. The final prosthesis outcome is not as ideal as planned earlier due to mesial shifting of tooth 37 and operator was not alerted when doing so. Conclusion : Evaluation and measurement of clinical condition throughout the whole treatment phases are playing an important part for achieving the best possible outcome in prosthetic driven approach implant.
Pengaruh Sterilisasi Ultraviolet-C Terhadap Perubahan Dimensi Hasil Cetak Alginat
Authors: Wijaya William , Adrian Nova
Published: February 2022

Background: Impression material is a material that is used to negatively replicate a patient's tooth structure and periodontal, and it is preferable to sterilize the negative model first before the casting process to avoid cross-contamination between the dentist and the patient. Then casts are made from the impression using type III gypsum, producing diagnostic cast or working cast. Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) sterilization was introduced as the lastest sterilization technology from UV rays with an effectiveness rate of 99.9% in lysing germs, viruses, and fungi. The wavelength of UV-C light itself is also the smallest at 200-270 nm compared to UV-A 320-400nm and UV-B 270-320nm. Objective: To determine the effect of UV-C sterilization on the changes in dimension of alginate impressions. Methods: The type of this research was experimental laboratory research. The samples were taken from the maxillary model which were divided into 2 groups, namely (A) the treatment group where cast was irradiated with UV-C and (B) the control group where casts were sprayed with disinfectant. Samples of the treatment and control groups were both sterilized first before casted. For the treatment group, casts were put in a UV-C box for 10 minutes. For the control group, casts were sprayed with disinfectant, then covered with a moistened tissue and put into a plastic seal. Result: UV-C sterilization did not show significant changes toward dimensional changes of alginate impressions. Conclusion: UV-C sterilization can be used to sterilize alginate impression materials because it does not cause significant dimensional changes of the impression
Pembentukan Jaringan Lunak Saat Pencetakan Implan dengan Laser Diode
Authors: Suliana Suliana , Suwandi Trijani
Published: February 2022

Background: Currently, the development of lasers in the medical world of dentistry is very rapid. There are many treatments in dentistry that we can use with lasers, one of which is implants. An effective, practical, and safe laser method for treatment in and around implants that requires soft tissues to either expose the implant for the restorative phase or reshape the gingival margin for aesthetics is the Diode Laser. Case report: a woman wants to have an implant placed on tooth 26 so that she can chew well and the other teeth do not shift. The implant installation technique with 2 stages of surgery can only be done one year later due to the covid 19 pandemic. The gingival opening is done using laser diode for healing installation with a diameter of 5 mm and 5 mm in height. Installation of healing is done without suturing because the diode laser method is minimally invasive and gives a good healing result for the soft tissue Conclusion: The diode laser method is very effective and safe for soft tissue formation during implant treatment it is minimally invasive.
Efek Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Pandan Wangi (Pandanus Amarylifolius) Terhadap Enterococcus Faecalis (In Vitro)
Authors: Subrata Aryadi , Lawrence Valencia
Published: February 2022

Background: Enterococcus faecalis is a bacterium that is commonly found in pulp necrosis and is difficult to get rid of, causing endodontic persistence. Irrigation materials which are often used these days still have some limitations that can lead to failure of root canal treatment. Pandanus amarylifolius leaf is an herbal ingredient that has several active compounds such as flavonoids, polyphenols, saponins, and alkaloids are known for having antibacterial effects which are expected to inhibit E. faecalis . Objective: To determine the antibacterial effect of ethanol extract of pandan wangi leaves on the growth of bacteria E. faecalis. Method: Experimental laboratory with well diffusion method. The ethanol extract of wangi pandan leaves was obtained by maceration method using 96% ethanol as a solvent. Aquades was used as a negative control, 0,2% chlorhexidine as a positive control, and the concentrations of ethanol extract of Pandan wangi leaves used were 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%. Results: The ethanol extract of pandan wangi leaves had an antibacterial effect on the growth of E. faecalis. Extract concentrations of 6.25%, 12.5%, and 25%, don’t have inhibiton zone. Extract concentrations 50% and 100% had an average inhibition zone diameter of 11,400 ± 2,621 mm; The positive control shows the average inhibition zone of 16,094 ± 2,981 mm, while the negative control does not have an inhibition zone. Conclusion: Ethanol extract of pandan wangi leaves has an antibacterial effectivity against E. faecalis with the concentration 50% and 100%.
Tingkat Kebutuhan dan Perubahan Hasil Perawatan Ortodonti Berdasarkan Indeks ICON (Kajian pada Pasien Klinik Ortodonti RSGM-P FKG USAKTI)
Authors: Savira Ibrahim Tika , Nofrizal Riko
Published: February 2022

Background: Malocclusion is a common oral health problem. Orthodontic treatment is needed to treat malocclusion so that the teeth can achieve a good occlusion. The need for orthodontic treatment and the outcome can be measured using an orthodontic index. One of the orthodontic indexes that can measure the need for orthodontic treatment and the outcome is ICON index. Purpose: To find out the level of need and changes in the outcome of orthodontic treatment in the RSGM-P FKG USAKTI’s orthodontic clinic based on the ICON index. Method: This research is a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design. Examination and measurement of the study model of patients aged 8 – 12 years old who came to the orthodontic clinic of RSGM-P FKG USAKTI in January 2018 – December 2019 was carried out based on the ICON component. a score was given based on the condition of the teeth in the study model. Result: the assessment of 48 patients showed that 36 patients (75%) were categorized as needing orthodontic treatment and 12 patients (25%) were categorized as not needing orthodontic treatment. Treatment result were assessed with improvement level. It was found that no subject was categorized as greatly improved, 5 patients (10,42%) were categorized as substantially improved, 15 patients (31,25%) were categorized as moderately improved, 15 patients (31,25%) were categorized as minimally improved, and 13 patients (27,08%) were categorized as not improved/worst. Conclusion: The research results illustrate that most of the patients treated at the orthodontic clinic RSGM-P FKG USAKTI require orthodontic treatment and the improvement level are mostly categorized as moderately improved and minimally improved.
Perbandingan Pemasangan Implan Dental Single-Tooth Loss: Faktor Risiko dan Penyulit
Authors: Ratri Suryoputri Jessica , Ariesanti Yessy
Published: February 2022

Background: Edentulous cases or missing teeth is one of the problems complained about by patients in daily dental practice. Missing teeth are mostly discovered in adult patients, especially in posterior teeth such as premolar and molar. Nowadays, dental implant restoration in posterior single-tooth loss cases has been stated as the best treatment option. Nevertheless, hypertension is one of the risk factors that might cause difficulties in the dental implant procedure. Purpose: to compare the insertion of a dental implant in single-tooth loss between a patient without any systemic disease and a patient with a history of hypertension, using the same dental implant system and in the same timeframe. Case and Procedure: Case # 1, female patient age 43 years old came to RSGM-P FKG Usakti to have a dental implant insertion in the lower right posterior region. There was an absence of system disease in this patient. There were no difficulties during the dental implant insertion in tooth 46, therefore the osseointegration occurred nicely and the restorative crown insertion was precisely inserted. Case # 2, male patient age 49 years old with a chief complaint of missing tooth in the lower left posterior region, wanted to have a dental implant insertion. The patient had a history of hypertension with a regular daily intake of Amlodipine 5 mg once a day. Osseointegration occurred well after the dental implant insertion in tooth 35. However, during the screw uncovering stage, there was bone growth covering the surface of the cover screw. Therefore, removal of the bone growth should be done by using a round bur. In the impression-taking stage, there was slight gingival enlargement or overgrowth that almost covered the path of crown insertion. Gingivectomy had to be done before taking the impression in order to achieve precise crown insertion. The risk factor in the second case is that the patient consumed Amlodipine 5 mg daily, which causes overgrowth of bone and soft tissue surrounding the cover screw and implant fixture. Conclusion: There are differences in the outcome of the dental implant insertion in a patient without systemic disease and a patient with a history of hypertension with a daily intake of Amlodipine 5 mg medication; the factor that caused difficulties in the prosthetic stage is the presence of the alveolar bone and soft-tissue overgrowth.
Pemasangan Implan Gigi 36 menggunakan Surgical Guide
Authors: Limantara Grace , Mega Lestari Marzella
Published: February 2022

Statistics provided by the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons show that adults have lost at least one permanent tooth to an accident, gum disease, a failed root canal, or tooth decay. Several other adults have lost all of their permanent teeth. Therefore, the use of dental implants is very much needed. Research on dental implant designs, materials, and techniques has increased in the past few years and is expected to expand in the future due to the recent growth of the global market for dental implants and the rising demand for cosmetic dentistry. The definition of a successful implant has been refined from just achieving effective osseointegration to a precise positioning and good prosthetic outcome. To achieve such outcomes, the use of appropriate treatment planning is increasingly becoming popular. Demand from implant patients for quality and efficient treatment is increasing. Suitable treatment plans aid in placing the implants in an optimal position, as dictated by the function and aesthetics of the definitive restoration, and to avoid biomechanical complications and failure .This case report shows the accuracy of the surgical guide. If each step of this protocol is followed precisely, it is possible to deliver an optimum implant installation in terms of position and diameter and later on function at a very much reduced rate and time
Gambaran Pengetahuan Orang Tua tentang Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut Anak di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 (Kajian pada TK Orchid Ciangsana)
Authors: Navlyn Ramadhany Vevian , Ratna Laksmiastuti Sri , Dwimega Arianne
Published: February 2022

Background : Oral health is an essential component of general health. Mother is an important figure for children's character building, providing support and role model to children, influencing children’s oral health. Parents’ knowledge about oral health, especially mothers, will affect children’s oral health. Many studies have reported there is a relationship between children’s oral health behavior, and their mother’s knowledge and oral health behavior. Aim: To assess parents’ knowledge about children’s oral health during the Covid-19 pandemic in Orchid Kindergarten Methods: A descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted on 36 persons. The data were obtained using google form questionnaire and presented in the form of frequency distribution tables. The reliability and validity test is based on Cronbach’s Alpha and correlation’s coefficient value. Results: 30 respondents (93.75%) have a good level of knowledge and 2 respondents (6.25%) have a sufficient level of knowledge. Conclusion: The level of knowledge of parent in Orchid Kindergarten were categorized as good.
Student’s communication privacy management on Facebook
Authors: Yayu Sriwartini
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the management of communication privacy of Facebook users . The research used the Theory of Communication Privacy Management from Santro Petronio. The research approach was quantitative with a survey method. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires distributed online via google.doc to around 304 samples of Students of Universitas National who were active users of Facebook. The datas were presented in a frequency distribution table and analyzed by descriptive statistics. The result shows (1) most respondents were selective in publishing their personal data on Facebook. Only date of birth and religion were considered non- privacy; (2) In conveying certain information or messages through various features on Facebook, most of the respondents applied collective limitation, but still controlled the boundaries. It meant allowing others to view or read various posts, but limiting the active activities of others on their timeline; (3) Overall, the results of the study indicate that there were a communication privacy management activity of respondents on their facebook.
ВКЛЮЧЕНИЕ ПАМЯТНИКОВ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОЙ АРХИТЕКТУРЫ В СОВРЕМЕННУЮ ГОРОДСКУЮ СРЕДУ. АРХИТЕКТУРНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ
Authors: Чайко Д.С.
Published: February 2022

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с интеграцией исторического промышленного наследия в современную городскую среду. Выявлены новые тенденции интеграции и новые приёмы.Анализ теоретических исследований в области истории архитектуры, реконструкции и градостроительства, гра­достроительной экологии, территориальной организации промышленных ком­плексов, промышленной архитектуры выявил ряд тенденций и закономерно­стей формирования архитектурно-планировочных структур городских про­мышленных территорий и промышленно-селитебных комплексов, что позволя­ет совершить теоретическую разработку комплексной градостроительной реконструкции промышленных территорий в четырех аспектах (как наиболее полно отвечаю­щих специфическим градостроительным проблемам приречных городов): градостроительном, архитектурно-композиционном, социокультурном, функционально-планировочном.

The article deals with the issues related to the integration of the historical industrial heritage into the modern urban environment. New integration trends and new techniques are revealed.The analysis of theoretical studies in the field of the history of architecture, reconstruction and urban planning, urban ecology, territorial organization of industrial complexes, industrial architecture revealed a number of trends and patterns of formation of architectural and planning structures of urban industrial territories and industrial and residential complexes, which allows us to make a theoretical development of a comprehensive urban reconstruction of industrial territories in four aspects (as most fully meet the specific urban planning problems of riverine cities): urban planning, architectural and compositional, socio-cultural, functional planning.
STUDY OF GENES-PREDICTORS OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN THE YAKUT POPULATION
Authors: Дьяконова А.Т. , Павлова Н.И. , Алексеев В.А. , Куртанов Х.А. , Миронова Л.С. , Додохов В.В. , Ушницкий И.Д.
Published: February 2022

Целью нашего исследования явилось изучение распределения частот аллелей полиморфизма rs9939609 гена FTO, полиморфизма rs738409 гена PNPLA3 и полиморфизма rs58542926 гена TM6SF2 среди якутской популяции. Протестировано всего 86 образцов ДНК здоровых добровольцев якутской национальности. Анализ распределения частот аллелей и генотипов полиморфного варианта гена FTO (rs9939609) в исследованной группе не выявил достоверных отличий. Мутантная аллель А наиболее чаще встречалась в выборке женщин. В выборке женщин, распределение частот аллелей и генотипов выявил достоверное (р <0,01) преобладание генотипа TT (13%) и аллели T (26%). Анализ распределения частот аллелей и генотипов полиморфного варианта гена PNPLA3 (rs738409) не выявил достоверных отличий, в обоих группах преобладал аллель G и гомозиготный генотип GG. Результаты анализа распределение частот аллелей и генотипов полиморфизма rs58542926 гена TM6SF2 в группе мужчин и женщин выявил преобладание лиц с генотипом СС (89 % и 90 % соответственно).

The aim of our study was to study the frequency distribution of alleles of the rs9939609 polymorphism of the FTO gene, the rs738409 polymorphism of the PNPLA3 gene, and the rs58542926 polymorphism of the TM6SF2 gene among the Yakut population. A total of 86 DNA samples of healthy volunteers of Yakut nationality were tested. Analysis of the frequency distribution of alleles and genotypes of the polymorphic variant of the FTO gene (rs9939609) in the study group did not reveal significant differences. Mutant allele A was most common in the sample of women. In the sample of women, the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies revealed a significant (p <0.01) prevalence of the TT genotype (13%) and the T allele (26%). Analysis of the frequency distribution of alleles and genotypes of the polymorphic variant of the PNPLA3 gene (rs738409) did not reveal significant differences; the G allele and the homozygous GG genotype prevailed in both groups. The results of the analysis of the frequency distribution of alleles and genotypes of the rs58542926 polymorphism of the TM6SF2 gene in the group of men and women revealed the prevalence of persons with the CC genotype (89% and 90%, respectively).
BREEDING ASSESSMENT OF STERILE TOBACCO HYBRIDS
Authors: Баранова Е.Г. , Иваницкий К И. , Сучков В И.
Published: February 2022

Коллекция источников цитоплазматической мужской стерильности на восьми цитоплазмах диких видов Nicotiana поддерживается в ФГБНУ ВНИИТТИ и используется для изучения взаимодействий ядерных и цитоплазматических детерминантов в разных генотипах растений табака. Получены стерильные гибриды, и проведена морфо-биологическая и селекционная оценка их семей ВС4 на основе трёх сортов табака разных сортотипов. Выделены лучшие цитоплазмы и гибридные семьи по количеству и размерам листьев среднего яруса, по завязываемости семян при искусственном опылении.

A collection of sources of cytoplasmic male sterility on eight cytoplasms of wild Nicotiana species is maintained at the institute of tobacco, makhorka and tobacco products and is used to study the interactions of nuclear and cytoplasmic determinants in different genotypes of tobacco plants. Sterile hybrids were obtained and a morpho-biological and breeding assessment of their BC4 families was carried out on the basis of three varieties of tobacco of different varieties. The best cytoplasms and hybrid families have been identified according to the number and size of leaves of the middle layer, according to the setting of seeds during artificial pollination.
AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM OF TRAIN BRAKING TAKING INTO ACCOUNT ITS DYNAMIC MODEL
Authors: Узенгер А.А.
Published: February 2022

В статье рассматривается вопрос модернизации расчета программной траектории движения железнодорожного состава при активной работе системы автоматического управления торможением, с учетом его динамической модели.

The paper discusses the issue of modernizing the calculation of the programmed trajectory of the movement of the train with the active operation of the automatic braking control system, taking into account its dynamic model.
DETECTION OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS ANOMALIES USING NEURAL NETWORKS WITH LSTM ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Колпинский С.В. , Гурина А.О. , Елисеев В.Л.
Published: February 2022

Рассматривается задача обнаружения аномалий в сложных технологических процессах. Предлагается подход по обнаружению аномалий, основанный на применении рекуррентных нейронных сетей в качестве инструмента для построения модели нормы. Строится нейросетевая модель нормы двухрежимного процесса, полученного на реальном объекте автоматизации. Приводятся результаты экспериментов и демонстрируется выявление аномалий в тестовом сигнале.

The problem of detecting anomalies in complex technological processes is considered. An approach to detecting anomalies based on the use of recurrent neural networks as a tool for constructing a model of the norm is proposed. A neural network model of the norm of a two-mode process obtained on a real automation object is constructed. The results of experiments are presented and the detection of anomalies in the test signal is demonstrated.
ФЕНОМЕН «ИНВОЛЮЦИЯ» СТУДЕНТОВ В КИТАЕ
Authors: Ли Л.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлен анализ феномена «инволюция» студентов в китайских университетах. Особое внимание уделено причине и выходу из дилеммы китайских студентов.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ПРОЕКТНОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ КАК СРЕДСТВО ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ У ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ ВОЕННЫХ ВУЗОВ
Authors: Махина Л.А.
Published: February 2022

В статье описаны этапы проведения обучающимися военных вузов самостоятельной работы над проектом, а также рассмотрены особенности формирования у них универсальных компетенций посредством применения технологии проектного обучения в рамках изучения дисциплины «Иностранный язык». Анализ выполнения проектных материалов в военном вузе позволяет сделать вывод о необходимости поощрения проектных работ в малых группах от четырех человек, поскольку групповой тип реализации проектов позволяет более полно сформировать командные и лидерские универсальные компетенции, нивелируемые при выполнении обучающимися индивидуальных работ.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЦИФРОВОГО РАЗРЫВА НА ОНЛАЙН-ОБУЧЕНИЕ В СФЕРЕ ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬНОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В СЕЛЬСКИХ РАЙОНОВ КИТАЯ НА ФОНЕ ВОЗРОЖДЕНИЯ СЕЛЬСКИХ РАЙОНОВ
Authors: Чэнь Я.
Published: February 2022

Under the background of rural revitalization, online teaching has become a keyway to promote the balanced development of compulsory education and the integration of urban and rural areas. But online teaching will also lead to a new digital gap in rural compulsory education. Therefore, this paper analyzes the background of digital gap and the digital gap in rural compulsory education from three aspects: physical gap, use gap and knowledge gap, and puts forward some suggestions to bridge the digital gap.
A C-H Activation-Based Enantioselective Synthesis of Lower Carbo[n]helicenes (n = 4-6)
Authors: Guo Shu-Min , Huh Soohee , Coehlo Max , Shen Li , Pieters Grégory , Baudoin Olivier
Published: February 2022

The unique three-dimensional structure of carbohelicenes have fascinated generations of molecular chemists and has been exploited through a wide range of applications. In particular, their strong circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) has raised much attention in recent years due to promising applications in the design of new optical materials. Whereas a number of important precedents report enantioselective syntheses of fused carbo- and heterohelicenes, a direct catalytic enantioselective method allowing the synthesis of lower, nonfused carbo[n]helicenes (n = 4-6) is still lacking. We report that Pd-catalysed enantioselective C–H arylation in the presence of a unique bifunctional phosphine-carboxylate ligand provides a simple and general access to these simple carbo[n]helicenes. Computational mechanistic studies indicate that both the C–H activation and reductive elimination steps contribute to the overall enantioselectivity. In addition, the observed enantio-induction seems to arise from a combination of noncovalent interactions and steric repulsion between the substrate and ligand during the two key reductive elimination steps. Moreover, the current method allows a comparative study of the CPL properties of lower carbo[n]helicenes, which led to the discovery that carbo[4]helicenes actually display CPL responses comparable to the higher carbo[6]helicene congeners.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids: omega-3 and omega-6 and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Berezhnaya Irina V. , Zakharova Irina N. , Simakova Mariia A. , Sgibneva Aleksandra I.
Published: February 2022

The history of the study of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) began over 100 years ago. In 1909. P. Hartley isolated arachidonic acid. Later, 21 years later, Burr and Burr in 1930 showed its positive effect on the growth and development of rats. The important thing about this work was that after reintroduction of PUFAs into the diet of rodents, body functions began to recover. It took over 60 years from the time of the discovery of arachidonic acid to prove its effect on the cardiovascular system. Today, research into the effects of long-chain PUFAs on human health, intelligence, the immune system, neuronal connections, the course of pregnancy and infant health has led to recommendations for the widespread use of foods or supplements containing omega-3 PUFAs. Unbalanced diets in children and adolescents, selective appetite, and eating disorders lead to the development of deficit conditions, cognitive impairment, obesity, and metabolic syndrome with liver damage. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are asymptomatic in the early stages, but it is during this period that the prognosis in children can be changed. This article reviews international recommendations for the integrated use of long-chain PUFAs in the treatment of NAFLD and NASH in children. Supplementation of the diet with high-quality purified fish oil replenishes the requirement, improves disease prognosis, reduces insulin resistance and the level of liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD and NASH.
Human BRCA pathogenic variants were originated during recent human history
Authors: Li Jiaheng , Zhao Bojin , Huang Teng , Qin Zixin , Wang San Ming
Published: February 2022

BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA) play essential roles in maintaining genome stability. BRCA germline pathogenic variants increase cancer risk. However, the evolutionary origin of human BRCA pathogenic variants remains largely elusive. We tested the 2,972 human BRCA1 and 3,652 human BRCA2 pathogenic variants from ClinVar database in 100 vertebrates across eight clades, but failed to find evidence to show cross-species evolution conservation as the origin; we searched the variants in 2,792 ancient human genome data, and identified 28 BRCA1 and 22 BRCA2 pathogenic variants in 44 cases dated from 45,000 to 300 yr ago; we analyzed the haplotype-dated human BRCA pathogenic founder variants, and observed that they were mostly arisen within the past 3,000 yr; we traced ethnic distribution of human BRCA pathogenic variants, and found that the majority were present in single or a few ethnic populations. Based on the data, we propose that human BRCA pathogenic variants were highly likely arisen in recent human history after the latest out-of-Africa migration, and the expansion of modern human population could largely increase the variation spectrum.
MODEL MANAJEMEN RESIKO PROYEK INSFRASTRUKTUR PERDESAAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN SISTEM PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Zainuddin Zainuddin , Sujiat Sujiat
Published: February 2022

Dalam kegiatan pembangunan proyek Insfrastruktur Perdesaan terdapat dua kelompok besar resiko yaitu Resiko internal, dimana resiko ini ada pada Tim Pelaksana Kegiatan (TPK) / LPMD, Pendamping Lokal Desa dan Pendamping Desa. Dan yang kedua Resiko eksternal, yaitu ada pada kendali Kepala Desa dan Perangkat Desa dan Team dari Pemerintah Kabupaten yang tidak terlibat langsung dalam kegiatan pembangunan.

Penelitian ini diawali dengan pembagian kuisener pertama yaitu mencari nilai probabilitas faktor resiko yang terjadi, sedangkan identifikasi resiko di ambil dari kuisioner utama kemudian didapat besar risiko, kemudian tahap pengukuran risiko dipetakan dengan diagram treshold of risk levels untuk mengetahui posisi risiko yang terjadi dan sebagai dasar dalam penyusunan pengelolaan risiko. Dan didapat nilai risiko terbesar 25, terkecil 1 dan rata-rata 6 dan dari observasi, dari hasil wawancara lapangan didapat bahwa risiko belum dikolola secara maksimal oleh tim pelaksana kegiatan ataupun pemerintah desa/pengelola, sedangkan dari Pemkab manajemen risiko pengelolaannya masih terbatas pada penyerapan anggaran untuk mengurangi silpa, jadi secara khusus selain dari penyerapan anggaran ADD, DD dan DHB masih belum tampak pengelolaannya.

Model Manajemen Resiko pada penelitian ini diselesaikan dengan sistem dinamik menggunakan sofware Vensim didapat sistem pembangunan berkelanjutan sangat mempengaruhi hasil identifikasi resiko dengan semakin banyak faktor keberanjutan semakin menurun tingkat risiko dan perbaikan pada tingkat Manajemen, SDM, Material dan Peralatan, akan mempengaruhi tingkat Resiko, sebagaimana ditunjukkan dalam grafik sebelum berubahan skenario SFD dan setelah diadakan berubahan skenario SFD.
Abu Arang Sebagai Campuran Beton Dapat Mengurangi Berat
Authors: Purwanti Hani , Latif Muhammad , Handajani Mudjiastuti
Published: February 2022

Beton merupakan bagian konstruksi yang sangat penting, konstruksi yang mememiliki kekuatan maksimal dengan berat yang ringan perlu di kembangkan. Tujuan dari kegiatan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh penambahan abu arang terhadap berat beton dan kuat tekan beton. Komposisi campuran semen yang akan digantikan dengan abu arang sebesar nol%, lima % dan sepuluh% dengan berat beton dan  kuat tekan beton yang diharapkan memiliki mutu fc=20Mpa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen untuk pengambilan sampel data. Terdapat masing – masing 30 (tigapuluh) benda uji di setiap persentase penambahan abu arang. Hasil uji kuat tekan beton dengan rentang usia beton 7 hari, 21 hari dan 28 hari dalam kondisi normal tanpa campuran sebesar  20 Mpa. Kuat tekan beton yang dicampur abu arang sebanyak 5 % sebesar 21 Mpa. Pada beton campuran abu arang 10% sebesar 17 Mpa.  Kesimpulan komposisi penambahan agregat abu arang 5% bisa mengurangi berat beton sebesar 3,6% dengan nilai kuat tekan yang memenuhi.
Desain dan Analisis Flat Slab dengan Software Matlab
Authors: Hasibuan Samsul A Rahman Sidik , Kurniati Dwi , Sari Mega Puspita
Published: February 2022

Flat slab adalah pelat beton bertulang yang didukung oleh kolom ditambah drop panel atau mungkin kolom ditambah kepala kolom atau tanpa kepala kolom dan drop panel. Metode desain dan analisis flat slab yang akan digunakan adalah metode desain langsung dimana metode tersebut adalah menentukan tebal minimum pelat yang tinjau berdasarkan mutu baja yang akan digunakan pada analisis ini. Distribusi momen pada analisis dengan metode desain langsung menghasilkan momen total yang kemudian akan didistribusi ke masing-masing panel untuk lajur kolom dan lajur tengah. Kegagalan geser (punching shear) terjadi pada area penampang kritis di sekitar kepala kolom dan drop panel sehingga kekuatan geser akan dihitung berdasarkan nilai kekuatan geser yang terjadi dan akan di kontrol dengan kekuatan geser dari mutu beton yang digunakan. Dalam tulisan ini desain dan analisis akan dilakukan secara numerik berdasarkan SNI 2847:2019 dengan menggunakan software Matlab. Selanjutnya hasil analisis yang telah diperoleh dari software Matlab menunjukan bahwa panel internal yang didesain aman dari kegagalan punching shear.
Mudanças climáticas, interdisciplinaridade e Educação de Jovens e Adultos no desenvolvimento de unidades de ensino potencialmente significativas: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Ferreira Rafaella Cruz , Sthel Marcelo Silva , Castro Maria Priscila Pessanha
Published: February 2022

A compreensão da natureza complexa e global das mudanças climáticas demanda um diálogo entre as áreas do conhecimento sob uma perspectiva interdisciplinar. Neste sentido, a adoção de metodologias diversificadas pode se configurar como útil aliada na implementação de ações efetivamente interdisciplinares. Sob essa perspectiva, o presente trabalho visa fornecer um panorama do estado da arte relacionado à elaboração de Unidades de Ensino Potencialmente Significativas (UEPS), que consideraram três aspectos fundamentais no contexto de seu desenvolvimento: interdisciplinaridade, mudanças climáticas e Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA). Com esta finalidade, foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica utilizando-se termos descritores relacionados à pesquisa, na qual foram consultadas as seguintes bases de dados: Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações, Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, Web of Science e Scopus. Dos 80 trabalhos encontrados, quatro utilizaram UEPS com enfoque interdisciplinar, três foram implementados na modalidade EJA de ensino e nenhum abordou o tema mudanças climáticas. O cenário retratado no levantamento bibliográfico revelou a escassez de publicações relacionadas à temática desta pesquisa e evidenciou a necessidade de futuras investigações que reforcem a potencialidade das UEPS para a promoção da aprendizagem significativa na EJA, abrangendo tanto a interdisciplinaridade quanto o tema mudanças climáticas no seu processo de elaboração.
O conhecimento especializado do professor que ensina medidas de tempo na Educação Infantil: um caso formativo
Authors: Cassimiro Silvia Regina Silva , Alencar Edvonete Souza , Flor Anildo Soares , Silva Gerciane Gercina Araujo
Published: February 2022

As investigações sobre o conhecimento do professor para o ensino de matemática nos últimos anos têm sido uma área de crescente interesse, tendo em vista os desafios inerentes à formação de professores. Neste artigo, apresentamos um excerto de uma formação continuada, on-line via Meet, na qual tivemos como objetivo identificar as evidências dos conhecimentos revelados nas respostas dadas por um grupo de professores da Educação Infantil sobre medidas de tempo. O referencial teórico utilizado foi o Mathematics Teacher’s Specialized Knowledge (MTSK). Os dados foram coletados por meio de registros das informações obtidas por um questionário e tarefas que foram analisadas posteriormente. A pesquisa revela os desafios encontrados pelos professores em planejar e refletir sobre ações articuladas com a literatura para o ensino de medidas de tempo, assim como sua preocupação acerca do conhecimento necessário para a realização dessa estratégia nessa fase de aprendizagem infantil.
Para Uma Museologia do Sul Global: multiversidade, descolonização e indigenização dos museus
Authors: Porto Nuno
Published: February 2022

Neste texto proponho que devemos entender os museus como uma instituição ativa na vida das nossas comunidades, e defendo que a descolonização do conhecimento é um engajamento simultaneamente acadêmico e de cidadania participativa para o qual os museus estão particularmente aptos. Para explicitar este argumento faço uso de uma etnografia do Museu de Antropologia da Universidade da Columbia Britânica em Vancouver, no Canadá, em articulação com as noções de etnografia das ausências e etnografia das emergências, inspiradas pelo trabalho de Boaventura de Sousa Santos. Termino ilustrando o meu argumento com a proposta de uma instalação etnográfica para o Museu Théo Brandão, em Maceió, sobre a Lei da Mordaça, como meta-comentário museológico e estratégia pragmática de oposição ao golpe contra a democracia, em curso no Brasil.
Indígena e Quilombolas: crianças em circulação ou em situação de violência?
Authors: Beltrão Jane Felipe
Published: February 2022

Na Antropologia o tema “circulação de crianças” é chave para a compreensão das infâncias, na Amazônia e, em especial no Pará, o tema é trabalhado, mas as crianças etnicamente diferenciadas, cujas vidas são marcadas por encontrarem-se em situação de violência dificilmente são referidas. Os depoimentos das meninas, hoje mulheres, em situação de violência foram oferecidos pelas protagonistas dos episódios descritos ao lembrarem de quando foram vitimadas pelas ações de pessoas que praticaram violações e violências de gênero, em que pesem tomarem as crianças para supostamente fazê-las estudar. Entregues por suas próprias famílias, as indígenas e as quilombolas meninas circulavam entre outras famílias que dificilmente as respeitavam e as meninas tornavam-se mulheres à força e “pagavam com o corpo” o fato de um dia sonharem em estudar vivendo longe de seus coletivos de origem.
Povos indígenas e a legislação sobre ética em pesquisa no Brasil: relatos de uma pesquisa em saúde indígena
Authors: Guimarães Silvia
Published: February 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir como em determinada instância do Estado brasileiro são posicionados os povos indígenas com relação a resoluções e normativas que tratam da ética em pesquisa em seres humanos. Foram realizadas análises do conteúdo das resoluções que tratam da ética em pesquisa no Brasil e, também, da experiência de ter submetido um projeto de pesquisa no campo da saúde indígena ao sistema CEP-CONEP. Na esfera da pesquisa com povos indígenas, o Estado mais uma vez não consegue acompanhar a dinamização do universo indígena. A tutela marca a relação do Estado brasileiro com os povos indígenas no campo da ética em pesquisa, situando-os como incapazes e vulneráveis e, portanto, dependentes do Estado que deve responder por eles.
Antropologia crítica e cartografias do poder soberano nas fronteiras do Cone Sul
Authors: Martins Moraes Alex
Published: February 2022

Esta intervenção se propõe a fundamentar e a exemplificar uma estratégia de análise antropológica baseada na crítica imanente das realidades do poder. Para tanto, recupero alguns relatos construídos durante uma pesquisa de campo realizada nas adjacências da divisa política entre Brasil e Uruguai. Tais relatos evidenciam os itinerários de deslocamento transfronteiriço empreendidos por duas famílias de classe popular, uma delas instalada do lado uruguaio e a outra do lado brasileiro da fronteira seca. A situação migratória irregular dos integrantes de ambas as famílias deu origem a processos de exclusão que revelam os paradoxos inerentes à operatória da razão de Estado em zonas fronteiriças. Abordo os itinerários dos meus interlocutores como uma espécie de cartografia crítica que evidencia as exclusões e as possibilidades imanentes à articulação entre experiência de classe e poder soberano nas fronteiras do Cone Sul.
Os novos desafios da etnografia: Para além da resolução n° 510/2016
Authors: Harayama Rui Massato
Published: February 2022

Passados 20 anos da criação do Sistema CEP-CONEP, apontamos novas configurações de tradicionais impasses éticos da pesquisa em Ciências Humanas, a saber: o processo de entrada em campo, a publicação dos resultados e o uso de dados obtidos na experiência profissional. A consolidação da lógica neoliberal da cultura das avaliações associada às novas legislações sobre o Consentimento Prévio, Livre e Informado, Acesso à Informação e Transparência, e sua interface com a profissionalização da antropologia e as novas ferramentas de obtenção da informação digital, colocam novas discussões sobre a ética em pesquisa não contempladas pela Resolução 510/2016. Por fim, ressaltamos a ausência de um controle social da pesquisa, que ainda permanece no campo ideal do Sistema CEP-CONEP, mas que não é a realidade encontrada.
Tribu – Imágenes para una antropología de la posteridad
Authors: Cova Massimo
Published: February 2022

El proyecto fotográfico propuesto, titulado Tribu – Imágenes para una antropología de la posteridad, consiste en una serie de retratos de personas de nuestro propio entorno socio-cultural, que pretenden, a la vez, evocar el carácter antropológico de modelos antiguos e insinuar una posteridad de mutaciones genéticas y de trans-humanización de la especie. Una síntesis entre la herencia del pasado y las espectativas de un incierto futuro en la construcción presente de nuestra identidad.La intención de estas obras es provocar una reflexión sobre identidades contemporáneas a través de seres humanos representados como vestigios significativos de nuestra historia, los cuales se entrelazan con los temores y con los miedos que proyectamos hacia el futuro. Un juego de contracción espacio-temporal en que desaparece la noción lineal de historia y afloran relatos sobre la quiebra de modelos sociales actuales y sobre las imprevisibles consecuencias de un progreso insostenible. Retratos observados con una mirada retrospectiva desde un hipotético futuro como espejos de nuestro propio presente en alusión al discurrir no lineal del tiempo de nuestra existencia.
Sertões
Authors: Karwatzki Walter
Published: February 2022

A exposição “Sertões” foi selecionada por edital e exposta na Sala da Fonte na Prefeitura de Porto Alegre – RS. A mostra foi composta um painel de 200 x 320 cm, formado por vinte e uma (21) imagens de tamanhos de 50 x 60 cm e de 60 x 80 cm. Além deste painel, cinco (5) outras imagens de tamanho 60 x 80 cm, formavam a exposição. Todas as imagens foram impressas pelo processo eco-solvente em tecido de poliéster. Completam a mostra cinco [5] frases em adesivos com definições de sertão extraídas de livros de João Guimarães Rosa.  A exposição apresenta o sertão em sua magnitude espacial e seus aspectos físicos – a vegetação, o relevo, a aridez – e os seus significados antropológicos – o homem, a casa, a igreja, o boi, o carro de boi... Este é o sertão palpável e visível. Estes aspectos físicos e antropológicos tornam o cenário uma espécie de labirinto, como se este fosse uma metáfora da vida. A travessia deste labirinto pode ser interpretada, por analogia, como a travessia da nossa própria existência... [...] Sertão é dentro da gente. O sertão é sem lugar. O verdadeiro sertão é aquele que nos habita. É aquele de nossa aridez diária em relação aos outros e a nós mesmos. É aquele que dificulta nossa fertilidade de bem estar. Percorrer sertões é um exercício de crescimento pessoal. Este ensaio fotográfico é resultado de andanças pelos sertões dos estados de Alagoas e Sergipe a partir das margens do rio São Francisco, ora para um sertão, ora para outro. O grande painel formado por imagens dos sertões visitados formam o meu sertão. No centro a igreja, símbolo de toda religiosidade que sustenta o sertanejo. Sua fé em um Deus que não o abandona jamais... [...] sertão é onde manda quem é forte, com as astúcias. Deus mesmo. Quando vier, que venha armado!. Casa de Deus que o abriga, casa dos santos que o acompanham. Acima e nos lados, caminhos e horizontes unidos que se somam em composições, agora, únicas. Caminhos de ex-rios, resistência de vegetações... O sertão aceita todos os nomes, aqui é o gerais, lá o chapadão, acolá a caatinga.... Xique-xique, facheiro, mandacaru, olho d’água que ninguém mais sabe. Abaixo da igreja o alimento, o boi, o trabalho... [...] Sertão: quem sabe dele é urubu, gavião, gaivota, esses pássaros: eles estão sempre no alto, apalpando ares com pendurado pé, com o olhar remedindo a alegria e as misérias todas. O boi sofrido de pouca carne, jurado pela vida, para morte. Dando base à pirâmide de um lado a morada, o abrigo... Os lugares sempre estão aí em si, para confirmar. Casa? Do outro o homem em seu acanhamento, escondido, disfarçado... Homem do sertão... Quanto mais ando, querendo pessoas, parece que entro mais no sozinho do vago.... De tão sertão que se confunde que se funde... As outras imagens isolam o sertão: a imensidão, os planos, as serras, o céu e sua aridez. O carro de boi, roda que canta e o eixo que queima com o cocão apertado criando um som exclusivo em notas de dor. O abrigo de terra em a casa de sapé. O rio São Francisco e suas águas só molham os pés do sertão. Espinhos que o protege...
Vamos ver quem é que acaba, o resto da empleitada: Arte Indígena entre os Potiguaras da aldeia Catu dos Eleotérios e Sagi-Trabanda.
Authors: Ferreira Flávio Rodrigo Freire , Bezerra Nilton Xavier
Published: February 2022

Desde o final dos anos 1990, os grupos indígenas da etnia Potiguara localizados no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, têm afirmado publicamente sua identidade. O povo Potiguara pertence linguisticamente ao tronco tupi e há séculos habitam o litoral dos estados da Paraíba e do Rio Grande do Norte. Como territórios dos Potiguaras do RN estão compreendidas as aldeias Catu dos Eleotérios e Sagi-Trabanda, a primeira está localizada nos municípios de Canguaretama e Goianinha, às margens do rio Catu; a segunda situa-se no município de Baía Formosa na divisa com o estado da Paraíba. Ambas, vivem processos de resistência e enfrentamentos, buscando visibilidade e o fortalecimento de suas identidades. Nesse contexto de resistência, o artesanato indígena aparece como uma forma representativa de suas culturas e adquire fundamental importância para as duas comunidades. Diante desse cenário, a pesquisa etnográfica buscou – a partir da valorização dos patrimônios étnicos dos grupos e reconhecendo a cultura como forma de resistência desses povos – contribuir com o processo de fortalecimentos de suas identidades, elegendo a produção artesanal/artística indígena como representação cultural a ser investigada.
Desafios contemporâneos para a antropologia no Brasil: Sinais de uma nova tradição etnográfica e de uma relação distinta com os seus “outros”
Authors: Pacheco de Oliveira João
Published: February 2022

A história de uma “antropologia periférica”[1] nunca começa no próprio país, mas sim nos espaços metropolitanos, onde foram instituídas as galerias de “pais-fundadores” e se constituíram as genealogias científicas. Nessa linha os cursos de graduação em ciências sociais, descritos como momentos iniciais de profissionalização, foram seguidos mais tarde pela implantação de programas de pós-graduação, demarcando o conhecimento como um produto exclusivamente universitário. Tudo aquilo que os precede é pensado apenas como “pré-história”, a qual poderia ter apenas a limitada utilidade de uma certa erudição, mas não contribuiria com conhecimentos científicos nem com instrumentos analíticos que pudessem colaborar de maneira efetiva para a investigação e o trabalho antropológico. Numa perspectiva provinciana e colonizada os historiadores da disciplinas buscam sempre o ponto zero da antropologia nesses países. Ou seja, procuram separar em definitivo e de maneira pretensamente inequívoca, de um lado, as formas legítimas de produção de conhecimento e os parâmetros profissionais pensados como os únicos corretos, uma pura reprodução de antropologias metropolitanas, e de outro lado, as práticas não científicas, não legítimas e puramente de amateurs, que identificam com os autores e tradições nacionais.[1] Expressão utilizada por Roberto Cardoso de Oliveira (1999) para designar antropologias (como as latino-americanas) que emergem fora da Europa Ocidental e dos Estados Unidos, ou seja, de contextos hegemônicos em termos econômicos e políticos, nos quais se desenvolvem as "antropologias centrais".
Atlas de terras indígenas de Alagoas
Authors: Amorim Siloé
Published: February 2022

Resumo