bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Beneficios y limitaciones del Blockchain en contratos inteligentes en el sector salud. Una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Remolina-Medina Carlos E.
Published: December 2022

La aparición de los contratos inteligentes dentro de la tecnología Blockchain es clave por sus diversas aplicaciones en el sector salud, siendo de gran utilidad en procesos específicos, debido a que son protocolos informáticos automatizados, cuyo objetivo es ejecutar sus términos o acuerdos con seguridad y transparencia, sin la intervención de terceros, facilitando la lógica comercial. Algunos ejemplos de su uso son la gestión de identidad para controlar el acceso a las historias clínicas, la trazabilidad de productos farmacéuticos, la contratación de seguros médicos, el desarrollo de ensayos clínicos, entre otros. Identificar los beneficios y limitaciones que se pueden establecer para esta tecnología Blockchain y Smart contract en el sector salud, como nuevo paradigma contractual. Para el desarrollo se ha realizado una revisión de la literatura donde se expone cómo funciona la tecnología Blockchain y los Smart contracts. Conclusiones: Los beneficios que el Blockchain y los Smart contracts pueden dar al sector salud son muy amplios, abarcando diferentes áreas, mejorando y haciendo más eficientes los procesos, aportando a una problemática sensible que puede beneficiar la situación de los diferentes actores del sistema.
El puerto de Caddo Bossier y la Navegación Fluvial colombiana: un caso de estudio
Authors: González-Díaz Jaime E. , Riola-Rodríguez José M. , Molano-Dueñas Fernando
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el caso del Puerto de Caddo Boissier en Louisiana identificando diferencias y similitudes, por medio de la indagación documental, para evaluar la replicabilidad en el caso colombiano. La investigación que da como producto este texto se sitúa dentro del paradigma fenomenológico-hermenéutico, en el enfoque cualitativo, bajo un diseño documental, y metodológicamente fue un estudio de caso del Puerto Caddo Bossier en Louisiana - Estados. Este puerto tiene nueve pies de canal de profundidad y 200 pies de ancho mantenido por el Cuerpo de Ingenieros del Ejército, es un complejo multimodal de 2,000 acres, ubicado en el Río Rojo, con red vial interna, y acceso e interconexión terrestre con las vías interestatales, red ferroviaria, con aduana, zona franca, y la zona empresarial, edificios, almacenes, e instalaciones de apoyo, mueve carga general de 600 millones de toneladas con grúas, rampas de entrada y salida, y 90.000 pies cuadrados de almacén, bodegas. El caso del Puerto de Shreveport ratifica el potencial de los ríos de Colombia para desarrollar una red multimodal de puertos fluviales estratégicamente ubicados cerca de las troncales de las principales vías que conectan los centros de producción del país para aumentan la competitividad, la productividad, e impulsar y facilitar el comercio internacional del país; claro esta se hacen necesarias políticas públicas, que le apunten a la generación de diferentes incentivos; lo mismo que alcanzar la agregación de valor en las diferentes cadenas productivas relacionadas, astillero naval, metalmecánica, y logístico.
Análisis de los efectos Tributarios de la Facturación Electrónica en Colombia desde la expedición del Decreto 2224 de 2015
Authors: Guerrero-Colina Miguel
Published: December 2022

Con la implementación de la facturación electrónica en Colombia, a partir de la expedición de Decreto 2242 del 2015, se generan en torno al tema muchas expectativas, y de la misma forma, dudas; sobre todo en los sectores como el financiero, el comercial y el fiscal. La principal interrogante es si la facturación electrónica logrará cumplir los objetivos planteados. Partiendo de la incertidumbre, se hace necesario una investigación sobre el tema, que nos permita obtener un pronóstico con el fin de anticiparnos a los resultados que se puedan alcanzar. Es sabido que pueden presentarse inconvenientes. Sin embargo, conociendo y analizando posibles factores de riesgo que afectarían la implementación de la facturación electrónica, se propiciará un accionar oportuno y eficiente.
Лавр благородный как источник биологически активных соединений
Authors: Konovalov D. A.
Published: December 2022

Представлен обзор доступной современной литературы о выделении, идентификации, количественном определении биологически активных соединений листьев лавра благородного и установленных видах их фармакологической активности. Листья лавра благородного в качестве основных действующих веществ содержат компоненты эфирного масла, фенольные соединения и сесквитерпеновые лактоны. Качественный состав и количественное содержание этих групп природных соединений в этом сырье варьирует в зависимости от эколого-географических, эдафических, климатических факторов, фазы развития растений, технологии выращивания, способа сушки и т. д. Результаты известных фармакологических исследований извлечений, суммарных фракций и индивидуальных соединений листьев лавра благородного характеризуют данный вид сырья как перспективный источник для дальнейшего более глубокого исследования. Для биологов, ботаников, фармакогностов, может быть использована в научно-исследовательской работе студентов, аспирантов; представляет интерес и для широкого круга читателей: всех, кого интересует область изучения биологически активных соединений растений.
Миграция и адаптация. Особенности и практики межкультурного взаимодействия в Еврейской автономной области
Authors: Titova E. V. , Naumenko S. S. , Okolelova V. K. , Talpe V. A. , Rozovik E. E.
Published: December 2022

Кратко освещаются основные ключевые понятия и особенности миграции, адаптации мигрантов. Представлена учебная программа, содержащая тематику лекционных и практических занятий, краткий курс лекций, даны задания для самостоятельной и аудиторной работы студентов, типовые вопросы к экзамену, список литературы, а также информационных интернет-ресурсов для наиболее продуктивного и полного освоения дисциплины (модуля). Для студентов высших учебных заведений, обучающихся по направлениям 44.03.01 — Педагогическое образование (История), 46.03.01 — История (направленность — Историческое краеведение), 46.04.01 — История (направленность — Отечественная история), 44.04.01 — Педагогическое образование (направленность — История России).
История педагогики и образования
Authors: Manasytova M. A.
Published: December 2022

Составлена согласно требованиям ФГОС ВО по направлению 44.03.01 Педагогическое образование. Для студентов, обучающихся в учреждениях высшего образования по направлению «Педагогическое образование».
The Effect of the Therapy Program with Stories on the Emotional Management Skills of Children with Speech and Language Disorders
Authors: Kılıç Seda , Büyüktaşkapu Soydan Sema
Published: December 2022

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the Therapy with Stories Program on the emotional management skills of children with speech and language disorders. The study, in which a single group Pre-test-Post-test experimental design without control group was used, was conducted with 14 children aged 5-8 years with speech and language disorders. There are 9 stories (3 anger, 3 sadness, 3 anxiety) prepared by the researcher in the Therapy with Stories Program. The prepared stories were read to the children three times and the program was completed in 14 weeks. In the program, the strategies of asking questions and drawing pictures were used along with using figures while reading therapeutic stories. Before and after the application, Children's Emotional Management Skills Anger, Sadness and Worry Scales and semi-structured interview forms were applied to mothers. The obtained data were analysed with the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test. As a result of the research, the therapy program with stories increased the ability of children with speech and language disorders to cope with anger, sadness and anxiety; It has been found to be effective in suppressing and reducing the use of unregulated expression. According to the mother's observations, it was determined that the therapy program with stories decreased the unregulated expression of anger, sadness and anxiety in children with speech and language disorders, and increased their coping skills. In addition, while 10 children provided emotional regulation with parental support before the program, it was seen that 4 children provided emotional regulation with parental support after the program. According to these results, it can be said that the therapy program with stories is effective in helping children with speech and language disorders gain the ability to manage their emotions and control their emotions without parental support.
Examination of Anxiety Levels of 48-72 Months Children in Terms of Demographic Variables of Fathers and Children
Authors: Sağıroğlugil Selen , Erbay Filiz
Published: December 2022

In this study, it was aimed to examine the anxiety levels of 48-72 months old children in terms of demographic variables of fathers and children. The sample of the research consists of 300 fathers with 48-72 months old children who were randomly selected living in Istanbul in 2022.

The data of the study were collected with "Personal Information Form" and "Renewed Preschool Anxiety Scale". Survey model was used in the study to examine the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. As a result of the research, it was found that the variables of fathers' profession, fathers' education level, fathers' job and institution satisfaction, fathers' employment status, fathers' evaluation of their marriage, duration of marriage, average time spent with their children per day, and the gender of the child did not cause any difference in children's anxiety levels; it was seen that the marital status of the fathers, their assessment of their own stress and their perception of their relations with their children caused a significant difference in the anxiety levels of the children.
The Effectiveness of Dialogic Book Reading Technique in Order to Develop Social Skills to 4-5 Years Old Children
Authors: Kerigan Buse , Çelebi Öncü Elif
Published: December 2022

The aim of this emprical study is to examine the effectiveness of dialogical book reading technique reading on sharing, cooperation, collaboration, empathy and companionship skills to 4-5 years old children in preschool institutions by using subject related picture books. The sample group of the study was selected through simple random sampling technique from 4-5 years old kindergarden classes. It was selected from 17 children from 4-5 years old group using simple selective method., but only 9 children from the age group of 4-5 who participated regularly to the process were chosen as sample in the research. In the study, 4 picture books were read 3 times for 8 weeks using dialogic book reading technique. Therefore, children are aimed to developed the skills of "sharing, collaboration, cooperation, empathy and friendship". In order to ensure that the data in the study is obtained more healthily, "Social Behaviours Depicting Cards " was created by the researcher. " OSBED" was also used in the study. Pre-test and post-test was performed and the data was analyzed by a statistical program. According to the findings of the study, although no significant difference between the answers given by children in experimental group and children in control group to the Social Behaviours Depicting Cards was found, based on the findings of the Preschool Social Skills Assessment Scale, there was statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of children's social skills.
Investigation of the Effect of Keeping Pets at Home and Playing Musical Instruments on the Empathetic Tendencies of Children
Authors: Aral Neriman , Körükçü Özlem , Kadan Gül
Published: December 2022

The present study was carried out to investigate the empathetic tendencies of children with regard to keeping a pet at home and playing a musical instrument. The study was carried out with a total of 139 children, 72 girls and 67 boys, attending the third-fourth and fifth grades of a foundation primary school located in the city center of Denizli in Turkey. In the study, a Personal Information Form as developed by the researchers was used with an aim to obtain information about the child and family, and the "KA-Sİ Empathetic Tendency Scale for Children and Adolescents - Children's Form" was used in order to determine the empathetic tendency of children. Parametric (t-Test, One-Way Variance Analysis (ANOVA) and non-parametric (Mann-Whitney, Kuruskal Wallis) tests were applied based on whether the data demonstrated a normal distribution or not, in order to determine if the empathetic tendencies of children differ by the variables of keeping a pet and playing a musical instrument at home. As a result of the research; it was found that the variables of keeping a pet at home and playing a musical instrument were associated with a significant difference in the mean scores of children's empathetic tendency (p <0.05).Children can be given responsibilities about keeping pets, which makes important contribution to empathetic skill; children can be oriented to musical activities in line with their interests, and studies can be conducted with an aim to raise awareness of parents and the close environment.
The Relationship Between Preschool Children's Self-Regulation Skills and Their Mothers' Parental Attitudes
Authors: Aktaş Özge İrem , Sop Aylin
Published: December 2022

The present study aimed to determine the link between self-regulation skills of pre-school children and mothers’ attitudes towards parenting. The research was performed with 392 mothers living in Hatay/Turkey with children aged 4-6. The data were collected using “The Self-Regulation Skills Scale for 4-6 year-old Children” and “The Parental Attitude Scale-Mother Form”. The results indicate that girls have higher attention and behavioral regulation skills compared to boys. While children’s working memory varies by age, it was seen that the order of birth did not change self-regulation scores. Parental attitudes are more negative among mothers aged 40 and over than those of younger ones, and mothers who completed primary education have lower levels of efficacy perceptions and show less affection to their children compared with high school and higher education graduates. A moderate positive correlation was discovered between the self-regulation skills of children and mothers’ parental attitudes. The results are discussed within the scope of the related literature and recommendations are offered.
Dialogische Klassengesprächsführung im Geschichtsunterricht
Authors: Zimmermann Matthias C.
Published: December 2022

Klassengespräche haben ein großes Lernpotenzial hinsichtlich der Förderung von fachlichen und überfachlichen Kompetenzen im Geschichtsunterricht. Zentrale Qualitätskriterien sind dabei eine dialogische Gesprächsleitung und ein diskussionsanregender Gesprächsanlass. Diese Studie untersucht wie sich die Gesprächsleitungskompetenz von drei Geschichtslehrer*innen im Lauf einer einjährigen Fortbildung zu dialogischer Gesprächsführung veränderte. Es wird dabei aufgezeigt, wie gelingende dialogische Klassengespräche im Geschichtsunterricht gestaltet werden können. Aus der Untersuchung können zudem Merkmale für erfolgreiche Fortbildungen abgeleitet werden.
Gender differences in Performance in Integrated Science among Pre-Service Science Teachers: A Case of a University in Ghana
Authors: Sakyi–Hagan Nelly , Hanson Ruby
Published: December 2022

While pre-service science teachers are an important group of stakeholders in a nation’s pursuit of scientific literacy, scientific development and technological advancement in this modern era, this study sought to determine any gender differences in performance in Integrated Science among third year pre-service senior high school science teachers at the University of Education, Winneba, Ghana using the descriptive research design. The study used the sample of 168 students in five courses taken by the students at that level. The study employed the SPSS version 22.0 software to conduct an independent samples t-test so as to determine differences in performance between male and female students. Evidence from this study proves no gender gap in integrated science achievement among pre-service secondary school science teachers of the Department of Integrated Science Education of the University of Education, Winneba. The study recommends the need to conscientize females on the need to put up more positive attitudes towards the study of science and related courses, especially the physical sciences.
Language Policies in Nigeria and Ghana: A Plurilingual Perspective
Authors: Julius Achike Kelechi , Samuel Olaniyan Ayomiku , Tiwalade Atofarati Yemisi
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this paper was to reveal the linguistic situations in Nigeria and Ghana by examining language policies in both countries so as to establish how plurilingualism is accommodated and implemented. Plurilingualism has been identified as a leeway for attaining linguistic democracy which offers inclusive opportunities. In this dimension, language in education policy is very sacrosanct as it gives a blueprint for language use in mostly educational settings. A design adopted for this paper is qualitative study approach in a case study form. Data was retrieved from Google scholar database and time filter was applied to select articles between 2015 to 2022 in addition to other inclusion criteria. Articles were analyzed in line with the theme that guided the study. Findings show that both countries have not adequately integrated the concept of plurilingualism in their language policies. Lack of proper implementation of language policies has largely marred the multilingual reality in those countries, thereby allowing English language to exert an excessive influence. However, Ghana was found to fare better in terms of implementation. It is therefore recommended that both countries should review their language policies and accommodate plurilingualism by creating room for both majority and minority languages to thrive through translanguaging in educational settings.
Illocutionary Speech Act Analysis in Nipashe Newspapers’ Headlines
Authors: Ramadhani Nyagani Msei , Musa Nasibu
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to look at headline writers’ intentions from Tanzanian Nipashe newspapers and classify them in accordance with illocutionary speech acts Taxonomy by Searle (1979). The study employed a qualitative research approach and a descriptive research design. The study involved the population of 1095 front-page newspaper headlines. A sample of 130 headlines was chosen and each headline was classified according to the taxonomy of illocutionary Speech Act. Out of the five categories of speech acts developed by J.R. Searle (1979), which served as the theoretical foundation for the study, four speech acts were found to be executed in the sampled newspaper headlines, with the representative speech act type predominating. Claiming, urging, remembering, reporting, recommending, assuring, bragging, concluding and deducing were some of the assertives' or representatives' illocutionary acts that appeared in the headlines. Directive headlines surveyed were used by copy editors to request, order, command, question and suggest that readers of the newspapers do something. Some headlines included commissive speech acts, which copy editors used to commit themselves to future actions. The headlines with expressive illocutionary acts were used by the editors to thank, pardon, apologize, blame, deplore, congratulate, regret and praise. There was no declarative speech act performed in the Nipashe newspaper headlines. The study recommends that the newspaper writers continue executing assertive speech acts in their headlines if they wish to tell the truth, use commissive speech acts if they want to make commitments about future events, use directive speech acts if they want readers to do something, use expressive speech acts to draw the attention of their readers and express their emotions and feelings and use declarative speech acts if they want to change the world and the attitudes of their readers at large.
Film ve İzleyici İlişkisi Bağlamında Anlam Yaratımına Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: AYDIN Cemre Su , PEMBECİOĞLU Nilüfer
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışma anlam çatısı altında film-izleyici ilişkisini çift yönlü olarak ele almaktadır. İzleyicinin filmi izlerken oluşturduğu anlam ile filmin yaratıcısı tarafından oluşturulan anlam ne derece örtüşmektedir? Toplumsal olayların film izlerken yaratılan anlamda yeri nedir ya da aynı içerik iki farklı zaman diliminde izlenirse anlam durumdan nasıl etkilenir gibi sorular çalışmanın kavramsal çerçevesini oluşturmaktadır. Bu sorulara cevap bulmak adına katılımcılara sinema salonuna benzer karanlık bir ortamda projeksiyonla Less Than Human adlı kısa film seyrettirilmiş daha sonra aynı katılımcılarla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu görüşmelerin gerçekleştiği sırada Covid-19 pandemisi devam etmektedir. Toplumsal “normalleşme” başladıktan yaklaşık bir sene sonra aynı katılımcılarla araştırma tekrarlanmış, iki görüşmede edinilen veriler karşılaştırılmıştır. Ek olarak kısa filmin yaratıcı ekibinden üç kişiyle görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş filmin anlamına dair edinilen bilgiler katılımcı cevaplarıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Çıkan bulgulara göre yaş, cinsiyet ve eğitim durumu anlam oluşturmada farklılıklar yaratırken sinemaya gitme, film ve kısa film izleme sıklığı anlam yaratımında farklılık yaratmamıştır. İzleyiciler kendi hayat deneyimlerine göre filmden anlamlar çıkarmış dolayısıyla aynı sahne hakkında farklı seyirciler farklı anlamlar ortaya koymuştur. Kısa filmin yaratıcıları ve katılımcıların kültürel kod farklılıklarına rağmen filmin yaratıcıları tarafından oluşturulan anlam ile katılımcıların ortaya çıkardıkları anlam büyük oranda eşleşmektedir. Aradan zaman geçince aynı içeriğin tekrar izlenmesi anlamın değişmesinde etkilidir. Toplumsal olaylar ve sürecin etkileri anlam yaratımında fark yaratır. Araştırmanın yapıldığı dönemdeki Covid-19 pandemisinin seyircilerin filmden çıkardıkları anlamı etkilediği gözlemlenmiştir.
FUSION RESEARCH IN STELLARATOR DEPARTMENT OF IPP NSC KIPT
Authors: Moiseenko V.Е. , Dreval M.B. , Kovtun Yu.V. , Kulyk Yu.S. , Glazunov G.P. , Kazakov Ye.O. , Ongena J. , Sharapov S.E. , Thomsen H. , Garkusha I.E.
Published: December 2022

This paper briefly describes intrinsic and collaborative scientific activities in the Stellarator Department of the Institute of Plasma Physics of the National Science Center “Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology” in last two years. These activities include experiments on JET tokamak, stellarators Wendelstein 7-X and Uragan-2M, TOMAS toroidal device and theoretical studies related to modeling of radio-frequency fields in plasma and conceptual development of the stellarator-mirror fission-fusion hybrid.
NON-AXISYMMETRIC NEOCLASSICAL TRANSPORT FROM MIS-ALIGNMENT OF EQUIPOTENTIAL AND MAGNETIC SURFACES
Authors: Markl M. , Heyn M.F. , Kasilov S.V. , Kernbichler W. , Albert C.G.
Published: December 2022

Coefficients of neoclassical transport in tokamaks and stellarators with non-axisymmetric equipotential surfaces mis-aligned with magnetic flux surfaces are derived for the 1/ν regime. In the general case, they are given by integral expressions including field line integrals similar to those defining the effective helical ripple [V.V. Nemov et al. // Phys. Plasmas. 1999, v. 6, p. 4622]. For small mis-alignments in a tokamak with a simplified geometry, they are reduced to simple analytical expressions.
COIL DESIGN FOR THE STRAIGHT FIELD LINE MIRROR
Authors: Ågren O. , Moiseenko V.Е.
Published: December 2022

This paper briefly describes numerical design of 3D super-conduction coils aimed to mimic analytically derived magnetic field for the Straight Field Line Mirror (SFLM) concept. The paper is based on a manuscript for a previous IAEA report, i.e. IAEA-TECDOC-1998.
THE INFLUENCE OF THERMAL MOTION OF PARTICLES ON THE FORMATION OF CAVITIES IN PLASMA
Authors: Azarenkov N.A. , Chibisov A.D. , Chibisov D.V.
Published: December 2022

The effect of the thermal motion of ions and electrons on the formation of plasma density cavities which appear due to inhomogeneous stochastic electric fields is considered. Using the equation of motion of plasma particles in a constant magnetic field and in an inhomogeneous stochastic electric field with a frequency of the order of lower
hybrid oscillations, taking into account the thermal motion of particles, the diffusion coefficients and drift velocities of ions and electrons are obtained. These values are used in the Fokker-Planck equation to determine the stationary distribution of the plasma density due to the effect of an inhomogeneous stochastic electric field. The conditions for
the thermal velocities of particles under which the formation of a cavity is possible are obtained.
TRIVELPISE-GOULD MODES OF WAVEGUIDE PARTIALLY FILLED WITH NEUTRAL OR NON-NEUTRAL PLASMA
Authors: Yeliseyev Yu.N.
Published: December 2022

The frequency spectra of eigenmodes with azimuthal number m = 1 are determined by numerical methods for a waveguide partially filled with neutral or non-neutral plasma. Calculations are performed within the entire permissible range of electron density or magnetic field strengths, for different values of the degree of charge neutralization and the longitudinal wave vector. Areas of existence of bulk and surface electronic modes of waveguide are also defined. The results are presented in the form of dependences on the parameter q = 2ωpe 2/ωce2.
DISCHARGING OF DUST PARTICLES OF DIFFERENT SIZES IN AN ARGON AFTERGLOW PLASMA
Authors: Denysenko I.B. , Mikikian M. , Azarenkov N.A.
Published: December 2022

The dust charge distribution function (DCDF) in an argon plasma afterglow is obtained by solving numerically the master equation describing dust discharging as a one-step stochastic process. The calculated DCDFs are compared with Gaussian distributions, and it is found that the dust charge distribution functions can be approximated quite well by the latter ones for different external conditions. It is found how the DCDF, mean dust charge, variance and charging time depend on dust size. For late afterglow times, it is also analyzed how the emission of electrons in the collisions of excited argon atoms with dust particles affects the DCDF. It is shown that the emission effect is
more essential for larger nanoparticles than for smaller ones.
HEATING OF NANOPARTICLES IN LOW-PRESSURE PLASMA JETS
Authors: Kravchenko O.Yu. , Maruschak I.S.
Published: December 2022

The heating of nanoparticles in a low-pressure plasma jet was studied with the help of computer simulation. Modeling of the expansion of a plasma jet with a dispersed phase, which was a mixture of nanoparticles of two sizes, was carried out within the framework of a multi-fluid axisymmetric hydrodynamic model.As a result of the calculations, the spatial distributions of the plasma parameters at different times after the plasma jet injection were obtained. The simulation results show that the temperature of nanoparticles in the plasma jet depends not only on their size, but also on the percentage composition of the mixture of dust particles. The reason for this is the influence of the size of nanoparticles on the spatial distribution of ion concentration, which play a decisive role in the heating
of dust particles due to recombination on their surfaces.
SIMULATION OF PLASMA WAKEFIELD FOCUSING AND SELF-FOCUSING OF A SHORT SEQUENCE OF ELECTRON BUNCHES DEPENDING ON THE BUNCH LENGTH, SHAPE AND DISTANCE BETWEEN BUNCHES
Authors: Bondar D.S. , Maslov V.I. , Onishchenko I.N.
Published: December 2022

By using two-dimensional numerical simulation, the ratio between the effects of wakefield focusing and selffocusing during the propagation of a short sequence of electron bunches in plasma has been simulated. Cases of dominant wakefield focusing have been demonstrated. In addition, the collection data is presented on the parameters
of the bunch length, shape and distance between bunches correspond to certain ratios of wakefield focusing and selffocusing that can be used in further studies.
MULTIPLE RECYCLE FUEL CYCLE FOR SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL COMPONENTS INCINERATION IN FUSION-FISSION HYBRID
Authors: Moiseenko V.Е. , Chernitskiy S.V. , Ågren O.
Published: December 2022

A multiple recycle fuel cycle (MRFC) is analyzed using a simple numerical model. A straightforward approach to MRFC has some unfavorable features like strong variation of the neutron multiplication factor and accumulation of americium isotopes which would likely hamper its practical usage. A solution proposed here is addition of 238U both
to initial fuel and the recycled fuel.
RELATIVISTIC KINETICS AND HYDRODYNAMICS OF HOT COLLISIONAL PLASMAS
Authors: Marushchenko I. , Azarenkov N.A.
Published: December 2022

In the paper, relativistic equations of local hydrodynamics for the laboratory fusion plasmas are obtained. Relativistic effects in the physics of electron transport appear primarily because of macroscopic features of relativistic thermodynamic equilibrium given by the Maxwell-Jüttner distribution function, and the characteristic
velocity of plasma flow is significantly small: 𝑉 ≪ 𝑣𝑡𝑒 < 𝑐. We propose an approach in which the plasma electrons are treated as fully relativistic and the hydrodynamic flow is treated in the weakly relativistic approximation. For convenience, the obtained relativistic effects are divided between “quasi-relativistic” terms, which in the nonrelativistic limit coincide with well-known expressions, and fully relativistic terms, which disappear at 𝑐 → ∞.
The considered mixed approach can be useful for construction of transport models for numerical studies of both astrophysical objects and hot fusion plasma.
NATURE OF DEVIATIONS FROM THE REGULARITIES OF THREE-PARTICLE RECOMBINATION IN DENSE PLASMA
Authors: Zhovtyansky V.A.
Published: December 2022

An explanation is proposed for the phenomenon of deviations from the functional laws of three-particle recombination in dense electric arc plasma of argon at an initial electron density of ~ 1016 cm-3. Experimental data, which are the basis of the work, were obtained by spectral and probe methods during the study of plasma decay of a microsecond pulse electric arc in argon 6 µs at an initial pressure of 70...700 Pa and a discharge current amplitude of 6 kA. Theoretical estimates show that the reason of the observed effects is the self-absorption of resonant spectral lines of argon, which significantly limits the recombination flow of electrons in the energy structure of atoms.
PLASMA AND MAGNETIC FIELD DYNAMICS IN POS: PIC SIMULATIONS
Authors: Manuilenko O.V. , Onishchenko I.N. , Pashchenko A.V. , Pashchenko I.A. , Yuferov V.B.
Published: December 2022

2D3V particle in cell computer simulations for plasma, magnetic field and current density spatio-temporal dynamics in plasma opening switch (POS) are presented for various initial plasma densities. The current channel formation in the POS’s plasma, its passage through the plasma bridge, and its destruction at the boundary of the plasma jumper are studied. It is shown, that during the penetration of the magnetic field into the POS's plasma and
current channel formation, electron vortices are excited. The passage speed of the POS's plasma by vortices decreases with increasing plasma density, which is qualitatively consistent with estimates based on classical electron magnetohydrodynamics (EMHD).
Management of Recurrent Fistula-in-Ano (Bhagandara) Extending upto Thigh, by Partial Fistulectomy and Ksharasutra Application: A Case Report
Authors: Sheetal Rana  , Gaurav Parmar  , Anil Dutt
Published: December 2022

In the present modern day's world, anorectal disorders are increasing in number due to sedentary lifestyle. They cause great discomfort and make one’s life miserable. Among these fistula in ano is most common. It is challenging to treat due to its recurrent nature. Fistula-in-ano is an inflammatory tract that is lined by unhealthy granulation tissue and has two openings, an external opening present in perianal skin and an internal opening in the anal canal or rectum. Fistula in ano is correlated with Bhagandara in Ayurveda. Acharya Sushruta has mentioned it among Ashta Mahagada and explained five types of Bhagandara. Many treatment modalities have been given for the treatment of fistula in ano, Ksharasutra application is one of them. It is a minimally invasive para-surgical procedure and induces both mechanical as well as chemical cutting and healing of the fistulous tract. This technique has a high success rate but it is time-consuming and causes minimal complication. A 73 years old male patient came to RGGPG Ayurvedic College and Hospital, with a complaint of pain and pus discharge from his left thigh for 7-8 years, he has been diagnosed with a case of recurrent fistula in ano. The patient was treated with partial fistulectomy along with Ksharsutra application and recovered well with complete excision of the tract.
Understanding Osteoporosis and its Ayurvedic Management - A Review
Authors: R Sreelekshmi
Published: December 2022

Osteoporosis is a generalized skeletal disorder of low bone mass and deterioration in its architecture causing susceptibility to fracture. Multiple etiological factors like physical, hormonal, nutritional and life style contribute to the development of disease. It usually generates along with senile and postmenopausal changes in the body. Morbidity associated with Osteoporotic fracture is on the rise. Currently the disease is increasing in much earlier groups, owing to present lifestyle. So preventive strategies should be adopted much earlier as maintaining a healthy life style itself can protect against fractures in later life. As disease prevention and treatment have improved over last two decades, public awareness of Osteoporosis remains minimal particularly in rural areas. Conventional medications are often effective for symptomatic relief only. However this provides much scope to Ayurveda, which aims at treatment as well as disease prevention. It can be considered as a disease characterized by localization of vitiated Vata in Asthi Dhatu i.e.; ‘Asthigata Vata’ resulting in Asthi Kshaya. Vata Kopa and Asthikshaya can result in osteoporosis. Condition can be managed in Ayurveda adopting Asthigata Vata Chikitsa, Asthikshaya chikitsa, Bhagna chikitsa and usage of drugs with Brimhana, Rasayana and Vata Hara property.
Ayurvedic Management of Artavakshaya w.s.r. to Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Preeti Garg  , Jyotsna Thakur
Published: December 2022

Normal menstrual cycle is a crucial physiological phenomenon for maintaining woman’s health during reproductive years. Nowadays, menstrual disarrayed are the main reasons for gynecological consultations worldwide owed to faulty dietary habits and lifestyle. Oligomenorrhea is one among all menstrual disorders with a prevalence of 13.5% in general population and is characterized by irregular, inconsistent menstrual blood flow. In Ayurveda it can be correlated with Artavakshaya due to their strong symptom equality. Prevalence of Artavakshaya is rising in present gynecological practice which may leads to terrifying sequel of infertility. In modern science, only hormonal preparations are used as treatment strategies but only offer short term symptomatic management. Methodology: A female patient of 17 years of age came to OPD of National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, on 29/01/2022 with chief complaints of irregular (delayed) menses with prolonged interval of 4-5 months since last 1 year along with USG findings of Bilateral Polycystic Ovarian Disease with simple Ovarian cyst in left Ovary. In this case study, patient was treated with some oral Ayurvedic preparation for 2 consecutive cycles having Strotoshodhak, Kapha- Vatashamak, and Vataanulomaka properties. Result: Patient had her menstruation regularly with normal duration during and after treatment.
Pharmacognostical, Pharmaceutical and Microbiological Analysis of Mrudwika Sharkara
Authors: Pooja Abhani  , Mandip Goyal  , Harish C.R  , V.J. Shukla
Published: December 2022

Draksha (Mrudwika) is best among all fruits as per Ayurveda. It is also indicated in different diseases as a medication and used in diets in fresh and dry forms. Draksha is a fruit that is only available during certain times of the year. Sharkara dosage form of it can be prepared to make that is palatable. Draksha is used in dry form i.e., Munakka (Mrudwika, raisins). Commonly, Munakka, Kismis, and Currants are three varieties with slight differences in their characteristics and nutritional content. They own property in Mridu Rechana, Vatahara, Pittahara, Brimhana, Vrishya, and Rasayana. For health promotion, disease prevention, and a wide range of Vata, Pitta, and Raktaja Vyadhis and Apatarpana Vyadhis, Draksha should be regularly incorporated into diet in either dry or fresh form. In the present study, an attempt has been made to develop pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical standards for Mrudwika Sharkara for assurance of quality of herbal compounds pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical analysis should be done. Methods: Mrudwika Sharkara was subjected to microscopic evaluation for pharmacognostical study, analysis physic-chemical analysis includes specific gravity, pH value, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and total sugar and high Performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Mrudwika Sharkara was assessed for microbiological which include smear examination and culture study. Results: Pharmacognostical study showed the presence of certain identifying characters of Mrudwika and Sharkara. In pharmaceutical study, preliminary physico-chemical analysis showed specific gravity is 1.160, pH value is 4, reducing sugar 21.1%, non reducing sugar 48%, total sugar content 69.1%. HPTLC analysis showed eight spots in 254nm and six spots in 366nm. From date of preparation 23/06/21 to 18/10/22 no fungal contamination was found in Mrudwika Sharkar Conclusion: Present work was carried out to standardize the formulation Mrudwika Sharkara in terms of its identity, quality and purity. All of the preparation's active ingredients were identified by pharmacognostic and physicochemical examination. Self life of Mrudwika Sharkara showed that the quality of syrup in standard condition.
Formulation and Antimicrobial Evaluation of A Novel Anti-Acne Herbal Hydrogel
Authors: Lekshmy M  , Yadevendra Yadav  , Deepak N. Kapoor  , Shuchi Mitra
Published: December 2022

Objective: The present study evaluates anti-microbial effect of hydrogel formulated with the extracts of some indigenous drugs against Propionibacterium acne.

Material and Method: Procured Manjishtha (Rubia Cordifolia L.), Shalmali (Salmalia malabarica (DC. Schott & Endl) Schott & Endl.), Daruharidra (Berberis aristate DC), Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller), Yashthimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra L). Extracts of all drugs except Aloe vera were collected by hydroalcoholic extraction using the Soxhlet apparatus. Aqueous extract of Aloe vera was collected by drying method. Two types of hydrogels were prepared with the extracts of these drugs, one with 5% extract and the other with 10% extract. Propionibacterium acne strains were collected from CSIR-Imtech Chandigarh. Culturing of bacteria was done by using nutrient broth. Nutrient agar was used for preparing the culture media. The antibacterial efficacy of the hydrogels was evaluated by comparing them with standard gentamycin. Result: The prepared hydrogel showed an anti-bacterial effect, but it is comparatively less when compared with the standard gentamycin. Conclusion: The prepared gel has anti-microbial activity. 10% hyrdogel showed better results than 5% hydrogel.
Effect of Yashtimadhu Suppository with Cocoa Butter Base in the Pain Management of Parikartika
Authors: Aisewariya. A  , Reddy Vasudeva
Published: December 2022

Parikartika is one of the common ano-rectal anomalies observed in clinical practise. In Ayurveda Samhitas, this condition is mostly mentioned as an Upadrava of Grahani, Atisara, Arshas and as Vamanavirechanavyapat. ‘Kartanavatvedhana’ is described as predominant symptom of Parikartika which means cutting type of pain in the anus. As per the description of signs and symptoms, Parikartika can be co-related to fissure-in ano in modern contexts. Yashtimadhu is the most widely used drug for Parikartika. Acharya Susruta has mentioned the drug Yashtimadhu in Trividhakarma Adhyaya in post-operative pain management and in treatment for Parikartika in Vamana virechana vyapat. Yashtimadhu in the form of Thaila and Ghrita are commonly used. Here, Yashtimadhuchurna was used to prepare a suppository with cocoa butter as its base for the management of Parikartika. Objectives: The objective of the clinical study is to evaluate any difference in the efficacy of Yashtimadhu suppository in treating Parikartika. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted as an open labelled, randomized, single arm clinical study. 40 Patients who are fulfilling the inclusion, exclusion, diagnostic criteria and complying with the informed consent was selected from OPD and IPD of Sri Jayendra Saraswathi Ayurveda College and Hospital [IEC NO- IEC/ SJSACH/ 09/2021, CTRI NO- CTRI/2021/07/035252]. Case proforma was prepared with all the appropriate details of the patient along with history and physical, rectal examination was done to diagnose Parikartika. Relevant laboratory investigations were performed. Yashtimadhu suppository was given twice per day for about 14 days to 40 patients along with 4 follow-ups once a week for one month after the treatment i.e., 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th day. The subjective parameter was pain and objective parameter were ulceration, sphincter tone. Grading was done according to the specified assessment criteria and was statistically analysed. Results: On completion of the study, statistical analysis was done on the data collected. The intervention, Yashtimadhu suppository showed significant difference in the outcome.
An Open-Label Non-Randomized Clinical Trial on Siddha Purgation Therapy (Bhedhi) for Pacifying Vatha disease using diagnostic tool Neikuri
Authors: Suguna. M  , Arthi. G  , Mohanaprabha. G  , Dhineshraman. G  , Manjula. V  , Kavitha. S  , Krishnaveni. M
Published: December 2022

Siddha system granting preventive, curative and rejuvenating healthcare. According to Siddha system three humours- Vatham, Pitham and Kapham- mediate the body’s physiological function. Derangements of trihumour lead to diseases. Vatha diseases are the most common diseases presenting in Siddha hospitals nowadays. In Siddha system the primary goal of the treatment is to restore the balance of trihumours. The first and foremost treatment for Vatha disease is Bhedhi (purgation). The quote ‘BhedhiyaalVathamthaalum’ indicates purgation therapy will reduce Vatham. For this study the purgative drug Agasthiyarkuzhambu is used. Aim and Objective: To make a validation of purgation therapy to alleviate Vathaim balance. To describe purgation therapy in alleviate Vathaim balance by giving Agasthiyarkuzhambu to outpatient and inpatient Department, Govt. Siddha Medical College, Palayamkottai. To observe the increased Vatha symptoms and Neikuri changes before and after treatment. Materials and methods: ANon randomized clinical trial was done with 40 patients, data were collected by interviewing with structured questionnaire about increased Vatha symptoms and samples of urine were collected to the analysis. The data will be analysed using SPSS. Results: Out of 40 patients, based on relief of Vatha symptoms 45% of cases reported good relief and 13% of cases reported better relief from their symptoms. In Neikuri before treatment 40% of cases had typical Vathaneikuri (fast, irregular, Aravu pol) and after treatment the Neikuri pattern changed to Pithavatham, Pitham and Kapham and only 10% of cases had Vathaneikuri. Neikuri and Vatha symptoms are better parameter for assessing alleviated Vatha imbalance in this study.
Receptor Activator of NF-kB Ligand Induced Osteoclastogenesis in Cervical Spondylosis - Role of Balamula Ghritam (A Powerful Antioxidant Drug) as Uttarabhaktika Sneha
Authors: S. Ranjani  , Pradeep Kumar Moharana  , S. Swaminathan
Published: December 2022

The discs which are located in between the vertebras to act as shock absorbers during jolts to prevent spine injuries get either dislocated, bulged out or get thinned on continuous pressure being exerted upon them either by travel or a posture that is unsuitable to their alignment. In cases of discs getting thinned out and the height of these discs get reduced due to various causes produce undue pressure over the cervical spine resulting in oxidative stress and production of free radicals in the body causing deterioration of bone tissue and bone mass leading to regulation of RANKL/OPG ratio levels causing degeneration of bone. It is possible to resurrect the dehydrated discs with rehydration using Balamula (Sida cordifolia root) with the help of its properties and actions that it can positively act upon the area by refilling the gaps of erosions and assure a recovery with the proper administration of it in the form of ghee which has been processed with it and its intake being after food. Material & Methods: Various Ayurvedic classical textbooks and published journal articles were reviewed and analysed. Results: Evidences from various studies show that the phytochemicals obtain from Balamula (Sida cordifolia root) and Go- Ghritam (cow’s ghee) acts as antioxidant, reduces the activity of osteoclast and bone resorption by inhibiting RANKL receptor pathway. It also has anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-analgesic effect that found to be effective in reducing the symptoms of cervical spondylosis.
A Pharmaceutico-Analytical and Antimicrobial Study of Trivargtrityadi Yoga (TTY)
Authors: Sharma Ravi  , Shukla Govind Sahay  , Agarwal Rajaram  , Goyal Manisha  , Tyagi Vijay Pal
Published: December 2022

In current scenario herbal formulations containing natural ingredients is more acceptable in public belief than chemical based synthetic formulations due to their safety and efficacy in reducing dental caries, pyorrhoea and preventing other dental and oral issues to which this generation is prone to. Clinically more effective and tolerable treatments should improve patient compliance with oral hygiene practices, further supporting medical professionals' efforts to avoid disease. Controlling the creation of dental plaque is the most efficient method of preventing the onset of dental disease. Microbes have an impact on its formation. Ayurveda recommends some daily use therapeutic procedures for the prevention and maintenance of oral health. These include: Pratisarana (gentle massage over tissue), Dant Dhavani (brushing), Jivha Lekhana (tongue scrapping) and Gandoosha (gargling) or oil pulling. The present study focused on preparation and validation of the classical formulation Trivargtrityadi yoga (TT yoga) which mentioned in Ashtang Sangraha by Acharya Vagbhata described in Dantadhawanacharya. It Contains Triphala, Trikatu, Trijatak and Kuth. These extracts have a variety of beneficial characteristics, including those that are anti-cancer, anti-fungal, and anti-ulcer, anti-caries, anti-bacterial and wound healing. The preparation of the formulation in accordance with traditional references and evaluation of its analytic and antibacterial properties are the objectives of this study.