bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a Rapid Post-Code Debrief Quality Improvement Project in a Community Emergency Department Setting
Authors: Przednowek Tomasz , Stacey Camille , Baird Katherine , Nolan Robert , Kellar Jesse , Corser William D.
Published: April 2021

CONTEXT

Regular debriefing has been associated with improved resource utilization and measurable improvements in team performance in crisis situations. While Emergency Department (ED) staff have often stated that they would like to be provided a formal debriefing model after “code blue” and similar events, few EDs have such protocols in place.

METHODS

The study consisted of two data collection processes: (1) completion of a 7-item survey distributed pre-intervention, 6-months post-intervention, and 1-year post-intervention, and (2) completion of a Rapid Post-Code Debriefing form. Overall responses were measured on a possible 0-10 scale and individual responses were tracked. The debrief process was triggered by one of four criteria and followed a standard format using a readily available form.

RESULTS

A total of 178 pre- and post-debriefing protocol implementation survey responses were collected throughout the duration of the study. Of those, 79 (44.4%) were pre-protocol response surveys. The post-protocol responses were comprised of 51 (51.5%) six month and 48 (48.5%) 12-month surveys. The average overall satisfaction with code-response performance increased significantly following the implementation of the debriefing protocol, from M=6.661, SD=2.028 to M=7.90, SD=1.359 (independent t-test = 5.069, p<0.001). There was a statistically significant decrease regarding how respondents felt emotionally supported after a code by their staff, (Pearson Chi Square 14.977, df 4, p = 0.005).

CONCLUSION

During this study, implementation of a post-code debriefing resulted in increased overall satisfaction with how codes had been conducted and there was a significant change in how staff felt in regards to code team leaders and an expectation of “returning to work.” However, there a noted overall decrease in perceptions of feeling supported by other staff involved during the code. Further studies in both community and academic-based ED settings are needed to further explore these complex relationships.
Encouraging a Little Help from Our Friends: Resident Physician Burnout & Peer Communication Curriculum
Authors: Lovegrove Lepisto Brenda
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION

Resident physician burnout and depression rates are increasing faster than in the non-physician workforce. To foster a supportive community where such concerns may be addressed, residents can be educated in identification and first-line support of burnout in fellow residents. The literature has not described peer roleplaying applied toward aiding fellow residents with burnout.

METHOD

This pilot study evaluated an educational component aimed at fostering a strong emotional and informational social support system. The curriculum used peer roleplaying to develop self-awareness and social support, improve communication skills, and teach about existing mental health resources, thereby encouraging intervention. Residents listed behavioral manifestations of burnout and dysphoria that we developed into real-life scenarios. During experiential workshops, residents roleplayed “distressed” and “helper” residents and practiced communicating empathy. To tackle mental health stigma, all were required to practice expressing distress and seeking help. Residents completed a pre-roleplaying questionnaire, curriculum satisfaction questionnaire, and reflection essay.

RESULTS

All 42 Internal Medicine and Transitional Year residents (69% male, 93% international medical graduates) participated. Resident-reported comfort, competence, confidence, and knowledge increased, as did positive appraisals of the clinical teaching environment representing a safe atmosphere. Six themes were cited in >25% of essays: knowledge of communication techniques, knowledge of approach tactics or strategies, knowledge of hospital resources, commitment to helping colleagues, importance of burnout, and belief this training produced a better understanding of oneself.

CONCLUSION

As first-witnesses of resident physician distress, peers occupy an underutilized, yet crucial preventive and supportive role in burnout and mental health intervention, especially during times of shared crises such as the coronavirus pandemic. Creating roleplays from personal experiences facilitated meaningful discussion of burnout and dysphoric emotions. Roleplaying offered a low-cost, effective method to destigmatize and encourage discussion of burnout, educate on signs and symptoms, and learn available resources to offer an afflicted colleague in osteopathic and allopathic residency programs.
Evidence of a recent decline in UK emissions of HFCs determined by the InTEM inverse model and atmospheric measurements
Authors: Manning Alistair J. , Redington Alison L. , Say Daniel , O'Doherty Simon , Young Dickon , Simmonds Peter G. , Vollmer Martin K. , Mühle Jens , Arduini Jgor , Spain Gerry , Wisher Adam , Maione Michela , Schuck Tanja J. , Stanley Kieran , Reimann Stefan , Engel Andreas , Krummel Paul B. , Fraser Paul J. , Harth Christina M. , Salameh Peter K. , Weiss Ray F. , Gluckman Ray , Brown Peter N. , Watterson John D. , Arnold Tim
Published: April 2021

Abstract. National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (GHGI) are submitted annually to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). They are estimated in compliance with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodological guidance using activity data, emission factors and facility-level measurements. For some sources, the outputs from these calculations are very uncertain. Inverse modelling techniques that use high-quality, long-term measurements of atmospheric gases have been developed to provide independent verification of national GHGI. This is considered good practice by the IPCC as it helps national inventory compilers to verify reported emissions and to reduce emission uncertainty. Emission estimates from the InTEM (Inversion Technique for Emissions Modelling) model are presented for the UK for the hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) reported to the UNFCCC (HFC-125, HFC-134a, HFC-143a, HFC-152a, HFC-23, HFC-32, HFC-227ea, HFC-245fa, HFC-43-10mee and HFC-365mfc). These HFCs have high Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) and the global background mole fractions of all but two are increasing, thus highlighting their relevance to the climate and a need for increasing the accuracy of emission estimation for regulatory purposes. This study presents evidence that the long-term annual increase in growth of HFC-134a has stopped and is now decreasing. For HFC-32 there is an early indication its rapid global growth period has ended, and there is evidence that the annual increase in global growth for HFC-125 has slowed from 2018. The inverse modelling results indicate that the UK implementation of European Union regulation of HFC emissions has been successful in initiating a decline in UK emissions in the since 2018. Comparison of the total InTEM UK HFC emissions in 2020 with the average from 2009–2012 shows a drop of 35 %, indicating progress toward the target of a 79 % decrease in sales by 2030. The total InTEM HFC emission estimates (2008–2018) are on average 73 (62–83) % of, or 4.3 (2.7–5.9) Tg CO2-eq yr−1 lower than, the total HFC emission estimates from the UK GHGI inventory. There are also significant discrepancies between the two estimates for the individual HFCs.
Drought-induced biomass burning as a source of black carbon to the central Himalaya since 1781 CE as reconstructed from the Dasuopu ice core
Authors: Barker Joel D. , Kaspari Susan , Gabrielli Paolo , Wegner Anna , Beaudon Emilie , Sierra-Hernández M. Roxana , Thompson Lonnie
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Himalayan glaciers are melting due to atmospheric warming, with the potential to limit access to water for more than 25 % of the global population that resides in these glacier meltwater catchments. Black carbon has been implicated as a factor that is contributing to Himalayan glacier melt, but its sources and mechanisms of delivery to the Himalayas remain controversial. Here, we provide a 211-year ice core record spanning 1781–1992 CE for refractory black carbon (rBC) deposition from the Dasuopu glacier ice core that has to date provided the highest-elevation ice core record (7200 m). We report an average rBC concentration of 1.5 µg L−1 (SD=5.0, n=1628) over the 211-year period. An increase in the frequency and magnitude of rBC deposition occurs after 1877 CE, accompanied by decreased snow accumulation associated with a shift in the North Atlantic Oscillation Index to a positive phase. Typically, rBC is deposited onto Dasuopu glacier during the non-monsoon season, and short-lived increases in rBC concentration are associated with periods of drought within neighboring regions in northwestern India, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. Using a combination of spectral and back-trajectory analyses, as well as a comparison with a concurrent analysis of trace metals at equivalent depths in the same ice core, we show that biomass burning resulting from dry conditions is a source of rBC to the central Himalaya and is responsible for deposition that is up to 60 times higher than the average rBC concentration over the time period analyzed. We suggest that biomass burning is a significant source of rBC to the central Himalaya and that the rBC record can be used to identify periods of drought in nearby regions that are upwind of Dasuopu glacier.
Explicit and consistent aerosol correction for visible wavelength satellite cloud and nitrogen dioxide retrievals based on optical properties from a global aerosol analysis
Authors: Vasilkov Alexander , Krotkov Nickolay , Yang Eun-Su , Lamsal Lok , Joiner Joanna , Castellanos Patricia , Fasnacht Zachary , Spurr Robert
Published: April 2021

Abstract. We discuss an explicit and consistent aerosol correction for cloud and NO2 retrievals that are based on the mixed Lambertian-equivalent reflectivity (MLER) concept. We apply the approach to data from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) for a case study over northeastern China. The cloud algorithm reports an effective cloud pressure, also known as cloud optical centroid pressure (OCP), from oxygen dimer (O2−O2) absorption at 477 nm after determining an effective cloud fraction (ECF) at 466 nm. The retrieved cloud products are then used as inputs to the standard OMI NO2 algorithm. A geometry-dependent Lambertian-equivalent reflectivity (GLER), which is a proxy of surface bidirectional reflectance, is used for the ground reflectivity in our implementation of the MLER approach. The current standard OMI cloud and NO2 algorithms implicitly account for aerosols by treating them as nonabsorbing particulate scatters within the cloud retrieval. To explicitly account for aerosol effects, we use a model of aerosol optical properties from a global aerosol assimilation system and radiative transfer computations. This approach allows us to account for aerosols within the OMI cloud and NO2 algorithms with relatively small changes. We compare the OMI cloud and NO2 retrievals with implicit and explicit aerosol corrections over our study area.
Photochemical method for removing methane interference for improved gas analysis
Authors: Polat Merve , Liisberg Jesper Baldtzer , Krogsbøll Morten , Blunier Thomas , Johnson Matthew S.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The development of laser spectroscopy has made it possible to measure minute changes in the concentrations of trace gases and their isotopic analogs. These single or even multiply substituted species occur at ratios from per cent to sub-ppm and contain important information concerning trace gas sources and transformations. Due to their low abundance minimizing spectral interference from other gases in a mixture is essential. Options including traps and membranes are available to remove many speciﬁc impurities. Methods for removing CH4 , however, are extremely limited as methane has low reactivity and adsorbs poorly to most materials. Here we demonstrate a novel method for CH4 removal via chlorine-initiated oxidation. Our motivation in developing the technique was to overcome methane interference in measurements of N2O isotopic analogs when using a cavity ring-down spectrometer. We describe the design and validation of a proof-of-concept device and a kinetic model to predict the dependence of the methane removal efﬁciency on methane concentration [CH4], chlorine photolysis rate JCl2, chlorine concentration [Cl2], and residence time tR. The model was validated by comparison to experimental data and then used to predict the possible formation of troublesome side- and by-products including CCl4 and HCl. The removal of methane could be maintained with a peak removal efﬁciency > 98 % for ambient levels of methane at a ﬂow rate of 7.5 ml min−1 with [Cl2] at 50 ppm. These tests show that our method is a viable option for continuous methane scrubbing. Additional measures may be needed to avoid complications due to the introduction of Cl2 and formation of HCl. Note that the method will also oxidize most other common volatile organic compounds. The system was tested in combination with a cavity ring-down methane spectrometer, and the developed method was shown to be successful at removing methane interference.
HydroGFD3.0 (Hydrological Global Forcing Data): a 25 km global precipitation and temperature data set updated in near-real time
Authors: Berg Peter , Almén Fredrik , Bozhinova Denica
Published: April 2021

Abstract. HydroGFD3 (Hydrological Global Forcing Data) is a data set of bias-adjusted reanalysis data for daily precipitation and minimum, mean, and maximum temperature. It is mainly intended for large-scale hydrological modelling but is also suitable for other impact modelling.
The data set has an almost global land area coverage, excluding the Antarctic continent and small islands, at a horizontal resolution of 0.25∘, i.e. about 25 km.
It is available for the complete ERA5 reanalysis time period, currently 1979 until 5 d ago.
This period will be extended back to 1950 once the back catalogue of ERA5 is available.
The historical period is adjusted using global gridded observational data sets, and to acquire real-time data, a collection of several reference data sets is used.
Consistency in time is attempted by relying on a background climatology and only making use of anomalies from the different data sets.
Precipitation is adjusted for mean bias as well as the number of wet days in a month.
The latter is relying on a calibrated statistical method with input only of the monthly precipitation anomaly such that no additional input data about the number of wet days are necessary.
The daily mean temperature is adjusted toward the monthly mean of the observations and applied to 1 h time steps of the ERA5 reanalysis.
Daily mean, minimum, and maximum temperature are then calculated.
The performance of the HydroGFD3 data set is on par with other similar products, although there are significant differences in different parts of the globe, especially where observations are uncertain.
Further, HydroGFD3 tends to have higher precipitation extremes, partly due to its higher spatial resolution.
In this paper, we present the methodology, evaluation results, and how to access the data set at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3871707 (Berg et al., 2020).
SPEAD 1.0 – Simulating Plankton Evolution with Adaptive Dynamics in a two-trait continuous fitness landscape applied to the Sargasso Sea
Authors: Le Gland Guillaume , Vallina Sergio M. , Smith S. Lan , Cermeño Pedro
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Diversity plays a key role in the adaptive capacity of marine ecosystems to environmental changes.
However, modelling the adaptive dynamics of phytoplankton traits remains challenging due to the competitive exclusion of sub-optimal phenotypes and the complexity of evolutionary processes leading to optimal phenotypes.
Trait diffusion (TD) is a recently developed approach to sustain diversity in plankton models by introducing mutations, therefore allowing the adaptive evolution of functional traits to occur at ecological timescales. In this study, we present a model called Simulating Plankton Evolution with Adaptive Dynamics (SPEAD) that resolves the eco-evolutionary processes of a multi-trait plankton community. The SPEAD model can be used to evaluate plankton adaptation to environmental changes at different timescales or address ecological issues affected by adaptive evolution. Phytoplankton phenotypes in SPEAD are characterized by two traits, the nitrogen half-saturation constant and optimal temperature, which can mutate at each generation using the TD mechanism.
SPEAD does not resolve the different phenotypes as discrete entities, instead computing six aggregate properties: total phytoplankton biomass, the mean value of each trait, trait variances, and the inter-trait covariance of a single population in a continuous trait space. Therefore, SPEAD resolves the dynamics of the population's continuous trait distribution by solving its statistical moments, wherein the variances of trait values represent the diversity of ecotypes. The ecological model is coupled to a vertically resolved (1D) physical environment, and therefore the adaptive dynamics of the simulated phytoplankton population are driven by seasonal variations in vertical mixing, nutrient concentration, water temperature, and solar irradiance. The simulated bulk properties are validated by observations from Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Studies (BATS) in the Sargasso Sea.
We find that moderate mutation rates sustain trait diversity at decadal timescales and soften the almost total inter-trait correlation induced by the environment alone, without reducing the annual primary production or promoting permanently maladapted phenotypes, as occur with high mutation rates. As a way to evaluate the performance of the continuous trait approximation, we also compare the solutions of SPEAD to the solutions of a classical discrete entities approach, with both approaches including TD as a mechanism to sustain trait variance. We only find minor discrepancies between the continuous model SPEAD and the discrete model, with the computational cost of SPEAD being lower by 2 orders of magnitude. Therefore, SPEAD should be an ideal eco-evolutionary plankton model to be coupled to a general circulation model (GCM) of the global ocean.
Mapping and evaluating kinematics and the stress and strain field at active faults and fissures: a comparison between field and drone data at the NE rift, Mt Etna (Italy)
Authors: Tibaldi Alessandro , Corti Noemi , De Beni Emanuela , Bonali Fabio Luca , Falsaperla Susanna , Langer Horst , Neri Marco , Cantarero Massimo , Reitano Danilo , Fallati Luca
Published: April 2021

Abstract. We collected drone data to quantify the kinematics at extensional fractures
and normal faults, integrated this information with seismological data to
reconstruct the stress field, and critically compared the results with
previous fieldwork to assess the best practice. As a key site, we analyzed a
sector of the northeast rift of Mt Etna, an area affected by continuous
ground deformation linked to gravity sliding of the volcano's eastern flank
and dike injections. The studied sector is characterized also by the
existence of eruptive craters and fissures and lava flows. This work shows
that this rift segment is affected by a series of NNE- to NE-striking,
parallel extensional fractures characterized by an opening mode along an
average N105.7∘ vector. The stress field is characterized by a
σHmin trending northwest–southeast. Normal faults strike parallel to the
extensional fractures. The extensional strain obtained by cumulating the net
offset at extensional fractures with the fault heave gives a stretching
ratio of 1.003 in the northeastern part of the study area and 1.005 in the
southwestern part. Given a maximum age of 1614 CE for the offset lavas,
we obtained an extension rate of 1.9 cm yr−1 for the last 406 years. This value
is consistent with the slip along the Pernicana Fault system, confirming
that the NE rift structures accommodate the sliding of the eastern flank of the volcano.
Sentinel-1 time series for mapping snow cover and timing of snowmelt in Arctic periglacial environments: Case study from the Zackenberg Valley, Greenland
Authors: Buchelt Sebastian , Skov Kirstine , Ullmann Tobias
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Snow cover (SC) and timing of snowmelt are key regulators of a wide range of Arctic ecosystem functions. Both are strongly influenced by the amplified arctic warming and essential variables to understand environmental changes and their dynamics. This study evaluates the potential of Sentinel-1 (S-1) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) time series for monitoring SC and snowmelt with high spatiotemporal resolution to capture their understudied small-scale heterogeneity. We use 97 dual-polarized S-1 SAR images acquired over north-eastern Greenland in the interferometric wide swath mode from the years 2017 and 2018. Comparison of S-1 intensity against SC fraction maps derived from orthorectified terrestrial time lapse imagery indicates an increase of the SAR intensity before a decrease of SC fraction is observed. Hence, increase of backscatter is related to changing snowpack properties during the runoff phase as well as decreasing SC fraction. We here present a novel approach using backscatter intensity thresholds to identify start and end of snowmelt (SOS and EOS), perennial snow and wet/dry SC based on the temporal evolution of the SAR signal. Comparison of SC with orthorectified time lapse imagery indicate that HV polarization outperforms HH when using a global threshold. With a global configuration (Threshold: 4 dB; polarization: HV), the overall accuracy of SC maps was in all cases above 75 % and in more than half cases above 90 % enabling a large-scale SC monitoring at high spatiotemporal resolution (20 m, 6 days) with high accuracy.
Multilayer observation and estimation of the snowpack cold content in a humid boreal coniferous forest in eastern Canada
Authors: Parajuli Achut , Nadeau Daniel F. , Anctil François , Alves Marco
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Cold content (CC) is an internal energy state within a snowpack and is defined by the energy deficit required to attain isothermal snowmelt temperature (0 °C). For any snowpack, fulfilling the cold content deficit is a pre-requisite before the onset of the snowmelt. Cold content for a given snowpack thus plays a critical role because it affects both the timing and the rate of snowmelt. Estimating the cold content is a labour-intensive task as it requires extracting in-situ snow temperature and density. Hence, few studies have focused on characterizing this snowpack variable. This study describes the multilayer cold content of a snowpack and its variability across four sites with contrasting canopy structures within a coniferous boreal forest in southern Québec, Canada, throughout winter 2017–18. The analysis was divided into two steps. In the first step, the observed CC data from weekly snowpits for 60 % of the snow cover period were examined. During the second step, a reconstructed time series of CC was produced and analyzed to highlight the high-resolution temporal variability of CC for the full snow cover period. To accomplish this, the Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS; featuring a single-layer snow model) was first implemented to obtain simulations of the average snow density at each of the four sites. Next, an empirical procedure was used to produce realistic density profiles, which, when combined with in situ continuous snow temperature measurements from an automatic profiling station, provides a time series of CC estimates at half-hour intervals for the entire winter. At the four sites, snow persisted on the ground for 218 days, with melt events occurring on 42 of those days. Based on snowpit observations, the largest mean CC (−2.62 MJ m−2) was observed at the site with the thickest snow cover. The maximum difference in mean CC between the four study sites was −0.47 MJ m−2, representing a site-to-site variability of 20 %. Before analyzing the reconstructed CC time series, a comparison with snowpit data confirmed that CLASS yielded reasonable estimates of the snow water equivalent (SWE) (R2 = 0.64 and percent bias (Pbias) = −17.1 %), bulk snow density (R2 = 0.71 and Pbias = 1.6 %), and bulk cold content (R2 = 0.90 and Pbias = −2.0 %). A snow density profile derived by utilizing an empirical formulation also provided reasonable estimates of cold content (R2 = 0.42 and Pbias = 5.17 %). Thanks to these encouraging results, the reconstructed and continuous CC series could be analyzed at the four sites, revealing the impact of rain-on-snow and cold air pooling episodes on the variation of CC. The continuous multilayer cold content time series also provided us with information about the effect of stand structure, local topography, and meteorological conditions on cold content variability. Additionally, a weak relationship between canopy structure and CC was identified.
Drought-tolerant cyanobacteria and mosses as biotechnological tools to attain land degradation neutrality
Authors: Adessi Alessandra , De Philippis Roberto , Rossi Federico
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The induction of biocrusts through inoculation-based techniques has gained increasing scientific attention in the last 2 decades due to its potential to address issues related to soil degradation and desertification. The technology has shown the most rapid advances in the use of biocrust organisms, particularly cyanobacteria and mosses, as inoculants and biocrust initiators. Cyanobacteria and mosses are
poikilohydric organisms – i.e., desiccation-tolerant organisms capable of
reactivating their metabolism upon rehydration – that can settle on bare soils in abiotically stressing habitats, provided that selected species are used and an appropriate and customized protocol is applied. The success of inoculation of cyanobacteria and mosses depends on the inoculant's physiology, but also on the ability of the practitioner to
identify and control, with appropriate technical approaches in each case
study, those environmental factors that most influence the inoculant
settlement and its ability to develop biocrusts. This review illustrates the current knowledge and results of biocrust
induction biotechnologies that use cyanobacteria or mosses as inoculants. At the same time, this review's purpose is to highlight the current
technological gaps that hinder an efficient application of the technology in the field.
Analisis Tingkat Selektifitas Jaring Rajungan di Perairan Kabupaten Pangkep
Authors: Adam Adam , A. Ghaffar Mukhlisa
Published: April 2021

Salah satu upaya mewujudkan kegiatan perikanan yang bertanggung jawab adalah melalui penerapan teknologi yang ramah lingkungan. Kriteria ramah lingkungan dalam teknologi penangkapan, diantaranya adalah alat tangkap yang digunakan selektif terhadap target species baik jenis maupun ukurannya (Monintja dan Yusfiandayani, 2001). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat selektifitas unit penangkapan jaring rajungan di perairan Kabupaten Pangkep berdasarkan jenis hasil tangkapan, komposisi ukuan rajungan yang tertangkap dan penanganan hasil tangkapan oleh nelayan. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah ukuran rajungan yang diukur dengan menggunakan mistar geser (mm). Berat rajungan diukur dengan menggunakan timbangan elektrik  (gram). Penentuan unit penangkapan jaring insang tetap yang digunakan dilakukan secara purposive. Alat tangkap yang digunakan merupakan alat tangkap yang biasa digunakan oleh nelayan setempat tanpa diberikan perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Jumlah hasil tangkapan jaring insang tetap yang di gunakan selama penelitian adalah 142 ekor,  dengan komposisi jenis sebanyak 6 spesies. Rajungan sebagai target utama hasil tangkapan jaring rajungan memberikan proporsi sebesar 55,6% dari total hasil tangkapan. Hal ini berarti bahwa proporsi hasil tangkapan sampingan relatif lebih rendah yaitu 44,4% (di bawah 60%). Dari hasil tersebut, menunjukkan bahwa jaring rajungan yang digunakan selama penelitian memiliki tingkat selektifitas terhadap hasil tangkapan yang cukup baik. Distribusi ukuran rajungan yang tertangkap baik betina maupun jantan menggambarkan adanya ukuran yang sangat beragam. Untuk ukuran lebar karapas rajungan betina dan jantan sebesar 37,5% dan 36%.  Ukuran panjang karapas betina dan jantan sebesar 37,5% dan 32 %, dan Ukuran berat masing-masing sebesar 25% untuk betina dan 26 % untuk jantan. Dari hasil tersebut,  sangat sulit untuk menentukan selektivitas jaring rajungan yang digunakan terhadap ukuran hasil tangkapan. Hal ini,  mengingat rajungan yang tertangkap secara terpuntal. Rajungan yang tertangkap selama penelitian semuanya berada pada ukuran kedewasaan, baik rajungan betina maupun jantan. Sedangkan untuk ukuran layak tangkap 90 % untuk rajungan jantan dan 95% rajungan betina. Berdasarkan penanganan hasil tangkapan yang dilakukan oleh nelayan termasuk dalam kategori selektif karena jumlah biota yang berpeluang hidup sebesar 75%.  (lebih besar dari 60%).
Meister Eckhart. Principio existencial y principio esencial de la creatura
Authors: Castello Sofía
Published: April 2021

En el presente trabajo presentamos la exposición de Meister Eckhart de la estructura metafísica del mundo creado a través del relevo de algunos pasajes nucleares de su obra, centralmente en el Comentario al Evangelio de Juan. Para ello, en primer lugar buscamos trazar paralelismos entre su argumentación y la presente en el Liber de Causis I.1-I.11 para señalar la impronta de este texto en el pensamiento eckhartiano. En segundo lugar, exponemos el modo abstracto de acceso al orden jerárquico que se edifica entre el esse, el vivere y el intelligere. Finalmente, presentamos el modo concreto, señalando sus particularidades y su distinción respecto al modo abstracto.
Justicia divina y jerarquía: la naturaleza humana en Anne Conway”.
Authors: Strok Natalia
Published: April 2021

Anne Finch Conway (1631-1679) es una de las filósofas del siglo XVII que discutió con los filósofos destacados de su época. La única obra con la que contamos de esta autora es Principia Philosophiae Anticissimae et Recentissimae (1690) o The Principle of the Most Ancient and Modern Philosophy (1692). En este artículo me propongo dar cuenta del rol que la naturaleza humana tiene en su metafísica, de modo de encontrar un lugar más específico para el dolor y el sufrimiento en un mundo que parece ante todo gobernado por el amor recíproco y la simpatía. El concepto de hombre microcosmos y la relación de este con Cristo tiene una importancia poco destacada por la bibliografía sobre nuestra filósofa. Con esta meta, presentaré su metafísica prestando especial atención a la sustancia creada y su relación con la sustancia media, Cristo, y la sustancia primera, Dios. De este modo, además, daré cuenta de la responsabilidad que la naturaleza humana tiene con el mundo de la creación, por lo cual me permito mencionar también lo “ecológico” en el pensamiento de Conway, ya que el perfeccionamiento de la naturaleza humana es el perfeccionamiento de toda la naturaleza.
SOBRE LINGUAGENS, CORPOS E (CONTRA) POLÍTICAS: PRAXIOLOGIAS E LETRAMENTOS QUEER EM TEMPOS SOMBRIOS
Authors: URZÊDA-FREITAS Marco Túlio de
Published: April 2021

Neste ensaio, que combina diferentes gêneros e vozes textuais, apresento uma reflexão situada sobre o potencial das praxiologias e letramentos queer na elaboração crítica destes tempos sombrios, marcados por crises sociais que têm estimulado a circulação de repertórios autoritários e neofascistas, assim como a banalização do mal e da vida no Brasil. Embasado por minhas memórias sobre alguns acontecimentos políticos que se deram no país entre 2013 e 2020, e movido pelos entrecruzamentos fomentados pela ideia de imundície praxiológica, proponho o estranhamento de um conjunto de atos de fala e oposições binárias que produziram e atravessam este cenário de crises. Em seguida, compartilho algumas premissas sobre o trabalho com letramentos queer, as quais são exemplificadas por duas experiências em um Instituto de Ensino Superior, na cidade de Goiânia-GO. Para concluir o ensaio, apresento a minha percepção dos letramentos queer como contrapolítica, isto é, como espaço de construção de resistências afetivas a projetos políticos institucionalizados que (re)produzem enquadres de autoritarismo, violência e morte.
Use of thiopurines in inflammatory bowel disease: an update
Authors: Singh Arshdeep , Mahajan Ramit , Kedia Saurabh , Dutta Amit Kumar , Anand Abhinav , Bernstein Charles N. , Desai Devendra , Pai C. Ganesh , Makharia Govind , Tevethia Harsh Vardhan , Mak Joyce WY , Kaur Kirandeep , Peddi Kiran , Ranjan Mukesh Kumar , Arkkila Perttu , Kochhar Rakesh , Banerjee Rupa , Sinha Saroj Kant , Ng Siew Chien , Hanauer Stephen , Verma Suhang , Dutta Usha , Midha Vandana , Mehta Varun , Ahuja Vineet , Sood Ajit
Published: April 2021

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), once considered a disease of the Western hemisphere, has emerged as a global disease. As the disease prevalence is on a steady rise, management of IBD has come under the spotlight. 5-Aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents and biologics are the backbone of treatment of IBD. With the advent of biologics and small molecules, the need for surgery and hospitalization has decreased. However, economic viability and acceptability is an important determinant of local prescription patterns. Nearly one-third of the patients in West receive biologics as the first/initial therapy. The scenario is different in developing countries where biologics are used only in a small proportion of patients with IBD. Increased risk of reactivation of tuberculosis and high cost of the therapy are limitations to their use. Thiopurines hence become critical for optimal management of patients with IBD in these regions. However, approximately one-third of patients are intolerant or develop adverse effects with their use. This has led to suboptimal use of thiopurines in clinical practice. This review article discusses the clinical aspects of thiopurine use in patients with IBD with the aim of optimizing their use to full therapeutic potential.
Social conditions, defining premises of the learning context
Authors:   Institute of Educational Sciences, Balici Veronica
Published: April 2021

Having analyzed the state of modern society and formal education, we have highlighted the following phenomena: the irrelevance, the accelerated change, the complexity, the erosion of human relations, the global crisis of education, the disappearance of responsibility, the adaptive stress etc. These findings are grounds for foreseeing a reconfiguration of the learning process in language education. The unique purpose of education/learning is social integration by personal fulfillment. In order to achieve this, the educational process should be based on promoting learning through communion, which aims to form sociable students, aware of and responsible for the communicative act.
Mechanisms for acquiring mathematical in integrated way
Authors:   Şcoala Gimnazială Chinteni, Barbos (Kiss) Iulia-Cristina
Published: April 2021

There is a growing talk of a reorientation of education. Educational innovations aim to revolutionize the field of information, its transfer and storage. It will re-establish education to provide the tools of guidance in this ever-changing society. Quality learning can only take place by developing students’ skills. In order to acquire these skills, it is necessary to select the acquisition mechanisms to eliminate the problems that the student may face, the theoretical or practical difficulties, the cognitive gaps that intervene in the thinking path that are required to be solved.
The necessity of teaching Psychology in vocational institutions
Authors:   Arts College „Nicolae Botgros”, Rusnac Tatiana
Published: April 2021

This article highlights the importance of psychology in the educational process for pupils. The proofth at teaching the discipline of Psychology would be effective in technical education institutions becomes apparent when former graduates begin to have their first difficulties at the beginning of their professional life. It is essential to approach psychology in the context of methodologies aimed at the individual, personal and socio-professional development of young people. Students are incorporated into vocational education at an age suitable for learning future trades. The formation of their personality in these periods is greatly influenced by the relationship with their peers and parental authority, obviously still very important, when professional life is still just an abstract notion.
Can a Skill be Measured or Assessed?
Authors: Shtaltovna Yuliya
Published: April 2021

This paper reviews historic and current definitions of skill as a concept, as well as frameworks that have been applied to analyse levels of skills development across the academic and professional spectrum. The author proposes a 6-level chart of skill development based on the “can-do descriptors” approach by CEFR, also known as the ability assessment approach, for further discussion, development, and application. The proposed chart is based on six levels. These are organized into two Entry levels, two Operational Use levels and two Strategic Vision levels. Further debate on the typology of skills by Deloitte, LinkedIn Research and World Economic Forum is presented as of 2020 documentation. Its dynamic manner of paradigms changing the importance of a wide array of skills (alternatively denominated as employability skills, soft skills and/or 21st Century skills) are analysed, both for educators and employers.
Digital Marketing Soft Skills and University Students’ Perceptions of Employability
Authors: Kovacs Ildiko
Published: April 2021

Over the past several decades, the digital transformation of businesses has revolutionized the role of the digital marketing environment within organizations. Consumer behaviour has also fundamentally changed, affecting important requirements for marketing professionals, and therefore, new hard and soft skills are needed to become successful. In digital marketing, basic soft skills are increasingly becoming more valued by employers and are relevant factors affecting employability. Business graduate students need to develop appropriate skills to succeed in their career and to have a right balance of skills. The aim of the study is to explore the gap between the most relevant digital marketing employability skillset and the perceptions of graduate university students based on the analytics of previous managerial quantitative research and the findings of the current research. A quantitative study was conducted to explore the perceived importance of soft skills related to employability and the difference between students work experience. The demand of soft skills courses focusing on Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) demand was examined focusing on the most relevant soft skills in digital marketing. Key findings of the research explored categories of the perceived importance of soft skills and differences between working students and their perceived skills and the usage of MOOCs. Implications of the results for further academic research is to explore gaps between students’ perceptions of soft skills according to employability research on managerial requirements.
Getting Closer to the Needs of the Labour Market
Authors: Tóth Zsuzsanna , Balázsné Lendvai Marietta , Beke Judit
Published: April 2021

A key measure of higher education’s success is the extent to which it can provide the labour market with graduates that excel not only in terms of their professional training but also in terms of their soft skills. To that end, the competences of students entering university must first be diagnosed. This paper presents a pilot study of such a measurement system, together with first-year results obtained by a rural university faculty. Equipped with better information about its freshman students, such a university can begin to address the revealed competence deficiencies actively, and, over the course of an entire training cycle, further improve the labour market value of the young people when they come to graduate. Provisional recommendations are made at the end of this paper; however, further data analysis, once undertaken, may lend further support to the practical approach outlined here.
Modeling projects interdependencies to measure their synergic impacts on a project portfolio
Authors: Nabati Mohammad Mahdi , Ashrafi Maryam
Published: April 2021

One of the most critical factors used to evaluate the efficiency of the portfolio selection process is the ability of the model to measure interdependencies among projects. Varieties of interactions among projects lead to several kinds of synergies in the whole portfolio, such as re-sources and knowledge interdependencies. There are few studies focused on project portfolio selection accompanied by modeling and estimating the impact of synergies between projects. Hence, this paper presents a model to select the best project portfolio applying a particular model to measure the effects of several types of interdependencies between paired projects. Then, the Promethee II method is used to prioritize projects. Then, the portfolio selection model, which is a non-linear integer model, is solved to find the best set of projects. Finally, numerical examples are addressed to illustrate the method results and validity.
Critical success factors for human resource management of construction project
Authors: Leilaee Sepideh , Rezaeian Javad
Published: April 2021

The characterization of project critical success factors is a multidimensional construction that relies upon numerous components. This investigation analyzes the various criteria and components that impact the accomplishment of the tasks in the human resource region of the development project. This examination utilizes a comparative method, the analytic network process method is used to recognize the significant weight of models lastly, the positioning is finished by the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution technique, to analyze 27 critical success factors in the human resource management in project, and thinks about a wide scope of progress rules and basic achievement factors. The outcomes and assessment of specialists illustrate, select increasing trust and certainty among employees and project team managers, and it has the most effect on the accomplishment of Human Resource Management in projects. Contributing to these factors will improve the effectiveness of the activities.
Prioritizing risk events of a large hydroelectric project using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process
Authors: Elshaboury Nehal
Published: April 2021

The existence of hydroelectric plants along Amazon River tributaries is a solution to satisfy the energy demand in Brazil. However, these plants are subjected to multiple risk events because of the geographic and socioeconomic characteristics of this region. In helping to address these escalating challenges, this paper presents a framework that assesses the risk events of service packs relevant to the plant. This framework presents a transparent approach for prioritizing risk events in large projects. The weights of importance of risk events are estimated using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. Chang’s extent analysis method takes into consideration the vagueness and imprecision of subjective human judgments. The convergence of decisions is evaluated using two aggregation approaches, namely the maximum-minimum method based on an arithmetic mean and a geometric mean. The performances of the original and modified extent analysis methods are compared using group Euclidean distance and distance between weights metrics. The degree of similarity between the evaluation metrics is examined using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient and average overlap approaches. Due to the inconsistency of the reported results, the final rankings of the aggregation approaches are determined using a new aggregated multiple criteria decision making method. The results indicate that the original extent analysis method using the maximum-minimum method (arithmetic mean) is the best aggregation method. A Santo Antonio hydroelectric plant in Brazil is used to demonstrate the application of the proposed framework.
State Management in Building a New Rural Area in Vietnam: A Research in Muong Tra District, Dien Bien Province
Authors: Linh Pham Nguyen My , Long Pham Thai , Khanh Tran Le Quoc , Hương Nguyen Thi Thu , Nang Do Thi , Sang Nguyen Quang
Published: April 2021

Vietnam's rural area accounts for 65% of the population, providing over 70% of the labor force for the national economic sectors, of which 51% of the workforce is working in the agricultural sector. This is a sector that creates many jobs for rural areas, contributing 30% of GDP to the national economy. In the current period and the coming years, Vietnam's rural agriculture still plays an important role in the country's socio-economic development. However, Vietnam's rural areas are facing new difficulties and challenges, the growth of agriculture is slow and unsustainable; Farmers' living standards are low and slowly being improved; The disparity in living standards between urban and rural areas, and between regions and regions is tending to expand, especially in mountainous rural areas with unfavorable natural conditions, with many ethnic minorities living together, the gap between the rich and the poor is increasing. That creates conflicts and instability in society, threatening the sustainable development of the country. This article focuses on analyzing the state management situation on new rural construction in Muong Cha district, Dien Bien province, Vietnam, pointing out the achievements, limitations, causes and some recommendations for improvement. State management on the construction of a new countryside in Muong Cha district, Dien Bien province, Vietnam in the context of world economic integration.
Leitura em licenciaturas: a história de leitor de estudantes universitários
Authors: Zanatta Deisi Luzia , Verardi Fabiane
Published: April 2021

A leitura deve ser uma preocupação em todas as áreas do conhecimento, contudo os futuros professores de Letras e de Pedagogia atuarão com questões que envolvem a interpretação e a formação do pensamento crítico dos seus alunos. Por isso, neste texto, objetivamos descrever e analisar algum fato, sujeito, objeto, espaço, prática, experiência ou rotina que influenciaram na história de leitores de acadêmicos iniciantes em cursos superiores de Letras e de Pedagogia de três universidades brasileiras. Este artigo é resultado de uma pesquisa desenvolvida na Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), de 2015 a 2019, que se originou de um Projeto de Cooperação Acadêmica Interinstitucional – Procad – cujas instituições integrantes foram: Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), campus universitário de Assis, de Marília e de Presidente Prudente, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES) e da Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF). A análise do resultado evidenciou que diversos elementos como livros, espaços, mídias digitais e sujeitos como pai, mãe, irmão, professor, amigo fizeram parte da história de leitor dos respondentes da pesquisa. Logo, conhecer esse contexto de leitura dos estudantes de Letras e de Pedagogia das instituições que participaram do Procad se torna relevante para conscientizar os docentes universitários dessas licenciaturas para a necessidade de aprimorarem as práticas leitoras durante a formação inicial desses estudantes, futuros professores.