bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diosmetin Targeted at Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Alleviates Advanced Glycation End Products Induced Neuronal Injury
Authors: Lai Mei Chou , Liu Wayne Young , Liou Shorong-Shii , Liu I-Min
Published: May 2022

The present study aimed to evaluate the role of diosmetin in alleviating advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-induced Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-like pathology and to clarify the action mechanisms. Before stimulation with AGEs (200 μg/mL), SH-SY5Y cells were treated with diosmetin (10 μmol/L), increasing cell viability. The induction of AGEs on the reactive oxygen species overproduction and downregulation of antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase, were ameliorated by diosmetin. Amyloid precursor protein upregulation, accompanied by increased production of amyloid-β, caused by AGEs, was reversed by diosmetin. In the presence of diosmetin, not only β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme1 expression was lowered, but the protein levels of insulin-degrading enzyme and neprilysin were elevated. Diosmetin protects SH-SY5Y cells from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response to AGEs by suppressing ER stress-induced glucose regulated protein 78, thereby downregulating protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase, eukaryotic initiation factor 2 α, activating transcription factor 4, and C/EBP homologous protein. Diosmetin-pretreated cells had a lower degree of apoptotic DNA fragmentation; this effect may be associated with B-cell lymphoma (Bcl) 2 protein upregulation, Bcl-2-associated X protein downregulation, and decreased activities of caspase-12/-9/-3. The reversion of diosmetin on the AGEs-induced harmful effects was similar to that produced by pioglitazone. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ antagonist T0070907 (5 μmol/L) abolished the beneficial effects of diosmetin on AGEs-treated SH-SY5Y cells, indicating the involvement of PPARγ. We conclude that diosmetin protects neuroblastoma cells against AGEs-induced ER injury via multiple mechanisms and may be a potential option for AD.
Vascular–Metabolic Risk Factors and Psychological Stress in Patients with Chronic Tinnitus
Authors: Boecking Benjamin , Klasing Sven , Walter Michael , Brueggemann Petra , Nyamaa Amarjargal , Rose Matthias , Mazurek Birgit
Published: May 2022

Little is known about molecular correlates of chronic tinnitus. We examined interrelationships between vascular–metabolic risk factors, perceived stress, and other routine blood values in patients with chronic tinnitus. Two-hundred patients (51% female) were screened for 49 blood parameters pertaining to vascular–metabolic risk, immune function, and redox processes. They further completed perceived stress- and tinnitus-related distress questionnaires. Following descriptive analyses, gender-specific sets of age- and tinnitus-severity-adjusted regression models investigated associations between perceived stress and blood parameters. Patients reported mildly elevated levels of perceived stress. Elevated levels of total cholesterol (65% and 61% of female and male patients, respectively), non-HDL-c (43/50%), LDL-c (56/59%), and lipoprotein_a (28/14%) were accompanied by high rates of overweight (99/100%) and smoking (28/31%). A low-level inflammatory state was accompanied by reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS)-neutralizing capacity (reduced co-enzyme Q10 and SOD1 levels). Most vascular risk factors were not correlated with perceived stress, except for fibrinogen (ß = −0.34) as well as C-reactive protein (ß = −0.31, p < 0.05) in men, and MCV (ß = −0.26, p < 0.05) in women. Interrelations between blood parameters and stress levels need to be investigated within psychobehavioural frameworks across varying distress levels. Alongside psychological interventions, a low-level inflammatory state may be a route for pharmacological therapeutics.
Synbiotic Compositions of Bacillus megaterium and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Salt Enable Self-Sufficient Production of Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators
Authors: Speckmann Bodo , Kleinbölting Jessica , Börner Friedemann , Jordan Paul M. , Werz Oliver , Pelzer Stefan , tom Dieck Heike , Wagner Tanja , Schön Christiane
Published: May 2022

Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) have emerged as crucial lipid mediators that confer the inflammation-resolving effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA). Importantly, SPM biosynthesis is dysfunctional in various conditions, which may explain the inconclusive efficacy data from n-3 PUFA interventions. To overcome the limitations of conventional n-3 PUFA supplementation strategies, we devised a composition enabling the self-sufficient production of SPM in vivo. Bacillus megaterium strains were fed highly bioavailable n-3 PUFA, followed by metabololipidomics analysis and bioinformatic assessment of the microbial genomes. All 48 tested Bacillus megaterium strains fed with the n-3 PUFA formulation produced a broad range of SPM and precursors thereof in a strain-specific manner, which may be explained by the CYP102A1 gene polymorphisms that we detected. A pilot study was performed to test if a synbiotic Bacillus megaterium/n-3 PUFA formulation increases SPM levels in vivo. Supplementation with a synbiotic capsule product led to significantly increased plasma levels of hydroxy-eicosapentaenoic acids (5-HEPE, 15-HEPE, 18-HEPE) and hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acids (4-HDHA, 7-HDHA) as well as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in healthy humans. To the best of our knowledge, we report here for the first time the development and in vivo application of a self-sufficient SPM-producing formulation. Further investigations are warranted to confirm and expand these findings, which may create a new class of n-3 PUFA interventions targeting inflammation resolution.
Prenatal Environmental Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants and Indices of Overweight and Cardiovascular Risk in Dutch Adolescents
Authors: Berghuis Sietske A. , Bos Arend F. , Sauer Pieter J. J. , Bocca Gianni
Published: May 2022

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may have obesogenic effects. Knowledge about the effects of prenatal exposure to POPs on anthropometric measurements and metabolic parameters into adolescence is limited. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to determine whether prenatal environmental exposure to several POPs is associated with indices of overweight and cardiovascular risk in 13–15-year-old children. In this Dutch observational cohort study, 194 mother–infant pairs were included (1998–2002). Maternal pregnancy serum levels of PCBs, OH-PCBs, PBDEs, and other POPs were measured. At follow-up (2014–2016), levels of cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, fasting insulin, fasting glucose, leptin, and adiponectin were measured in their children. The children’s height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, and blood pressure were measured. In total, 101 adolescents (14.4 ± 0.8 years; 53.7% of invited) participated of which 55 were boys. Mean BMI was 19.1 ± 3.6 kg/m2 and mean BMI z-score 0.13 ± 1.14. Higher prenatal levels of PCBs were associated with lower levels of HDL-C and adiponectin in boys and higher levels of PBDEs with higher triglycerides in girls. We found significant differences by sex in the associations with OH-PCBs, with lower HDL-C and adiponectin, higher LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, fasting glucose, HOMA2-IR, height, and weight for boys. Our study indicates that higher prenatal exposure to PCBs, OH-PCBs, and PBDEs was associated with adolescent levels of some metabolic cardiovascular risk markers and hormones associated with the development of obesity and cardiovascular disease.
Attitude towards the Promotion of Healthy Eating among Secondary School Teachers—Construction and Validation of a Questionnaire
Authors: Garrido-Fernández Almudena , García-Padilla Francisca María , Ramos-Pichardo Juan Diego , Romero-Martín Macarena , Sosa-Cordobés Elena , Sánchez-Alcón Miriam
Published: May 2022

Health promotion activities in secondary schools are scarce and have little involvement of the teaching staff. Most often, activities are developed from the curriculum that appears in school materials, with little capacity for adaptation and innovation. The aim of this study was to construct and validate a tool to find out teachers’ attitudes towards activities to promote healthy eating in secondary schools. For this purpose, a descriptive study was conducted. The total sample of the study consisted of 200 teachers from secondary schools. Internal consistency was determined by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient globally and by dimension, and with the corrected item–test correlation. The construct validity of the questionnaire was assessed by means of an exploratory factor analysis, for which the principal components method with Varimax rotation was used. A Likert-type scale with nine items and four response options about attitude was designed. The exploratory factor analysis showed a nine-factor solution, of which two had eigenvalues greater than 1. These two factors explained 63.4% of the variance. The Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency index obtained for the global scale was 0.81, and 0.75 and 0.85 for each component. The results obtained with this structure confirmed an adequate reliability and validity of the questionnaire.
Network Pharmacology and Bioinformatics Approach Reveals the Multi-Target Pharmacological Mechanism of Fumaria indica in the Treatment of Liver Cancer
Authors: Batool Sara , Javed Muhammad Rizwan , Aslam Sidra , Noor Fatima , Javed Hafiz Muhammad Faizan , Seemab Riffat , Rehman Abdur , Aslam Muhammad Farhan , Paray Bilal Ahamad , Gulnaz Aneela
Published: May 2022

Liver cancer (LC), a frequently occurring cancer, has become the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality. The small number of reported data and diverse spectra of pathophysiological mechanisms of liver cancer make it a challenging task and a serious economic burden in health care management. Fumaria indica is a herbaceous annual plant used in various regions of Asia to treat a variety of ailments, including liver cancer. Several in vitro investigations have revealed the effectiveness of F. indica in the treatment of liver cancer; however, the exact molecular mechanism is still unrevealed. In this study, the network pharmacology technique was utilized to characterize the mechanism of F. indica on liver cancer. Furthermore, we analyzed the active ingredient-target-pathway network and uncovered that Fumaridine, Lastourvilline, N-feruloyl tyramine, and Cryptopine conclusively contributed to the development of liver cancer by affecting the MTOR, MAPK3, PIK3R1, and EGFR gene. Afterward, molecular docking was used to verify the effective activity of the active ingredients against the prospective targets. The results of molecular docking predicted that several key targets of liver cancer (along with MTOR, EGFR, MAPK3, and PIK3R1) bind stably with the corresponding active ingredient of F. indica. We concluded through network pharmacology methods that multiple biological processes and signaling pathways involved in F. indica exerted a preventing effect in the treatment of liver cancer. The molecular docking results also provide us with sound direction for further experiments. In the framework of this study, network pharmacology integrated with docking analysis revealed that F. indica exerted a promising preventive effect on liver cancer by acting on liver cancer-associated signaling pathways. This enables us to understand the biological mechanism of the anti liver cancer activity of F. indica.
Novel High-Throughput Fluorescence-Based Assay for the Identification of Nematocidal Compounds That Target the Blood-Feeding Pathway
Authors: Marchand Anthony , Van Bree Joyce , Taki Aya , Moyat Mati , Turcatti Gerardo , Chambon Marc , Smith Adam , Doolan Rory , Gasser Robin , Harris Nicola , Bouchery Tiffany
Published: May 2022

Hookworm infections cause a neglected tropical disease (NTD) affecting ~740 million people worldwide, principally those living in disadvantaged communities. Infections can cause high morbidity due to their impact on nutrient uptake and their need to feed on host blood, resulting in a loss of iron and protein, which can lead to severe anaemia and impaired cognitive development in children. Currently, only one drug, albendazole is efficient to treat hookworm infection and the scientific community fears the rise of resistant strains. As part of on-going efforts to control hookworm infections and its associated morbidities, new drugs are urgently needed. We focused on targeting the blood-feeding pathway, which is essential to the parasite survival and reproduction, using the laboratory hookworm model Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (a nematode of rodents with a similar life cycle to hookworms). We established an in vitro-drug screening assay based on a fluorescent-based measurement of parasite viability during blood-feeding to identify novel therapeutic targets. A first screen of a library of 2654 natural compounds identified four that caused decreased worm viability in a blood-feeding-dependent manner. This new screening assay has significant potential to accelerate the discovery of new drugs against hookworms.
Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro, In Silico and In Cellulo Evaluation of New Pyrimidine and Pyridine Amide and Carbamate Derivatives as Multi-Functional Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Authors: Bortolami Martina , Pandolfi Fabiana , Tudino Valeria , Messore Antonella , Madia Valentina Noemi , De Vita Daniela , Di Santo Roberto , Costi Roberta , Romeo Isabella , Alcaro Stefano , Colone Marisa , Stringaro Annarita , Espargaró Alba , Sabatè Raimon , Scipione Luigi
Published: May 2022

Alzheimer disease is an age-linked neurodegenerative disorder representing one of the greatest medical care challenges of our century. Several drugs are useful in ameliorating the symptoms, even if none could stop or reverse disease progression. The standard approach is represented by the cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) that restore the levels of acetylcholine (ACh) by inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Still, their limited efficacy has prompted researchers to develop new ChEIs that could also reduce the oxidative stress by exhibiting antioxidant properties and by chelating the main metals involved in the disease. Recently, we developed some derivatives constituted by a 2-amino-pyrimidine or a 2-amino-pyridine moiety connected to various aromatic groups by a flexible amino-alkyl linker as new dual inhibitors of AChE and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Following our previous studies, in this work we explored the role of the flexible linker by replacing the amino group with an amide or a carbamic group. The most potent compounds showed higher selectivity against BChE in respect to AChE, proving also to possess a weak anti-aggregating activity toward Aβ42 and tau and to be able to chelate Cu2+ and Fe3+ ions. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic studies proposed possible binding modes with the enzymes. It is noteworthy that these compounds were predicted as BBB-permeable and showed low cytotoxicity on the human brain cell line.
Antipsoriatic Potential of Quebecol and Its Derivatives
Authors: Bouchard Corinne , Grenier Alexe , Cardinal Sébastien , Bélanger Sarah , Voyer Normand , Pouliot Roxane
Published: May 2022

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease mainly characterized by the hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation of the epidermal keratinocytes. An interesting phenolic compound, namely quebecol (2,3,3-tri-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanol) (compound 1, CPD1), was isolated from maple syrup in 2011 and was recently synthesized. Quebecol and its derivatives ethyl 2,3,3-tris(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propenoate (compound 2, CPD2) and bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methane (compound 3, CPD3) have shown antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory potential, making them promising candidates for the treatment of psoriasis. This study aimed to evaluate the antipsoriatic potential of quebecol and its derivatives on psoriatic skin substitutes produced according to the self-assembly method. A sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay determining the concentration that inhibits 20% of cell growth (IC20) was performed for CPD1, CPD2 and CPD3, and their IC20 values were 400, 150 and 350 μM, respectively. At these concentrations, cell viability was 97%, 94% and 97%, respectively. The comparative control methotrexate (MTX) had a cell viability of 85% at a concentration of 734 μM. Histological analyses of psoriatic skin substitutes treated with CPD1, CPD2 and CPD3 exhibited significantly reduced epidermal thickness compared with untreated psoriatic substitutes, which agreed with a decrease in keratinocyte proliferation as shown by Ki67 immunofluorescence staining. The immunofluorescence staining of differentiation markers (keratin 14, involucrin and loricrin) showed improved epidermal differentiation. Taken together, these results highlight the promising potential of quebecol and its derivatives for the treatment of psoriasis.
RETRACTED: Fluoxetine Ecofriendly Nanoemulsion Enhances Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats: In Vivo Efficacy Assessment
Authors: Alhakamy Nabil , Caruso Giuseppe , Privitera Anna , Ahmed Osama , Fahmy Usama , Md Shadab , Mohamed Gamal , Ibrahim Sabrin , Eid Basma , Abdel-Naim Ashraf , Caraci Filippo
Published: May 2022

Impaired diabetic wound healing is a major concern for health care professionals worldwide, imposing an intense financial burden and reducing the quality of life of patients. A dysregulation of this process can be responsible for the development of intractable ulcers and the formation of excessive scars. Therefore, the identification of novel pharmacological strategies able to promote wound healing and restore the mechanical integrity of injured tissue becomes essential. In the present study, fluoxetine ecofriendly nanoemulsion (FLX-EFNE) was prepared and its potential efficacy in enhancing wound healing was tested in diabetic rats. The Box–Behnken response surface design was used to select the optimized formulation that was prepared by the high-shear homogenization-based technique. A Zetasizer was used for the characterization of the optimized formulation, providing a FLX-EFNE with a globule size of 199 nm. For the in vivo study, a wound was induced by surgical methods, and diabetic rats (streptozotocin-induced) were divided into five groups: untreated control, vehicle-treated, FLX, FLX-EFNE, and positive control receiving a commercially available formula. The treatment continued from the day of wound induction to day 21. Then, the animals were sacrificed and skin tissues were collected at the site of wounding and used for biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and mRNA expression assessments. In the FLX-EFNE treated group, the rate of wound contraction and signs of healing were significantly higher compared to all other groups. In addition, angiogenesis, proliferation, and collagen deposition were enhanced, while oxidative stress and inflammation decreased. The present data highlight the enhanced wound healing activity of the optimized FLX-EFNE formulation.
Immunomodulatory Properties of Pomegranate Peel Extract in a Model of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Culture
Authors: Čolić Miodrag , Bekić Marina , Tomić Sergej , Đokić Jelena , Radojević Dušan , Šavikin Katarina , Miljuš Nataša , Marković Milan , Škrbić Ranko
Published: May 2022

Pomegranate peel extract (PoPEx) has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its effect on the adaptive immune system has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, the treatment of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with PoPEx (range 6.25–400 µg/mL) resulted in cytotoxicity at concentrations of 100 µg/mL and higher, due to the induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress, whereas autophagy was reduced. At non-cytotoxic concentrations, the opposite effect on these processes was observed simultaneously with the inhibition of PHA-induced PBMC proliferation and a significant decrease in the expression of CD4. PoPEx differently modulated the expression of activation markers (CD69, CD25, ICOS) and PD1 (inhibitory marker), depending on the dose and T-cell subsets. PoPEx (starting from 12.5 µg/mL) suppressed the production of Th1 (IFN-γ), Th17 (IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22), Th9 (IL-9), and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in culture supernatants. Lower concentrations upregulated Th2 (IL-5 and IL-13) and Treg (IL-10) responses as well as CD4+CD25hiFoxp3+ cell frequency. Higher concentrations of PoPEx increased the frequency of IL-10- and TGF-β-producing T-cells (much higher in the CD4+ subset). In conclusion, our study suggested for the first time complex immunoregulatory effects of PoPEx on T cells, which could assist in the suppression of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Novel Eye Drop Delivery Systems: Advance on Formulation Design Strategies Targeting Anterior and Posterior Segments of the Eye
Authors: Wang Yaru , Wang Changhong
Published: May 2022

Eye drops are the most common and convenient route of topical administration and the first choice of treatment for many ocular diseases. However, the ocular bioavailability of traditional eye drops (i.e., solutions, suspensions, and ointments) is very low because of ophthalmic physiology and barriers, which greatly limits their therapeutic effect. Over the past few decades, many novel eye drop delivery systems, such as prodrugs, cyclodextrins, in situ gels, and nanoparticles, have been developed to improve ophthalmic bioavailability. These novel eye drop delivery systems have good biocompatibility, adhesion, and propermeation properties and have shown superior performance and efficacy over traditional eye drops. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to systematically present the research progress on novel eye drop delivery systems and provide a reference for the development of dosage form, clinical application, and commercial transformation of eye drops.
Combined Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling to Unravel Osimertinib, CARP-1 Functional Mimetic (CFM 4.17) Formulation and Telmisartan Combo Treatment in NSCLC Tumor Xenografts
Authors: Nimma Ramesh , Kalvala Anil Kumar , Patel Nilkumar , Surapaneni Sunil Kumar , Sun Li , Singh Rakesh , Nottingham Ebony , Bagde Arvind , Kommineni Nagavendra , Arthur Peggy , Nathani Aakash , Meckes David G. , Singh Mandip
Published: May 2022

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is highly expressed in many non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), necessitating the use of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as first-line treatments. Osimertinib (OSM), a third-generation TKI, is routinely used in clinics, but T790M mutations in exon 20 of the EGFR receptor lead to resistance against OSM, necessitating the development of more effective therapeutics. Telmisartan (TLM), OSM, and cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory protein 1 (CARP-1) functional mimetic treatments (CFM4.17) were evaluated in this study against experimental H1975 tumor xenografts to ascertain their anti-cancer effects. Briefly, tumor growth was studied in H1975 xenografts in athymic nude mice, gene and protein expressions were analyzed using next-generation RNA sequencing, proteomics, RT-PCR, and Western blotting. TLM pre-treatment significantly reduced the tumor burden when combined with CFM-4.17 nanoformulation and OSM combination (TLM_CFM-F_OSM) than their respective single treatments or combination of OSM and TLM with CFM 4.17. Data from RNA sequencing and proteomics revealed that TLM_CFM-F_OSM decreased the expression of Lamin B2, STAT3, SOD, NFKB, MMP-1, TGF beta, Sox-2, and PD-L1 proteins while increasing the expression of AMPK proteins, which was also confirmed by RT-PCR, proteomics, and Western blotting. According to our findings, the TLM_CFM-F_OSM combination has a superior anti-cancer effect in the treatment of NSCLC by affecting multiple resistant markers that regulate mitochondrial homeostasis, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
Multicore Photonic Complex-Valued Neural Network with Transformation Layer
Authors: Wang Ruiting , Wang Pengfei , Lyu Chen , Luo Guangzhen , Yu Hongyan , Zhou Xuliang , Zhang Yejin , Pan Jiaoqing
Published: May 2022

Photonic neural network chips have been widely studied because of their low power consumption, high speed and large bandwidth. Using amplitude and phase to encode, photonic chips can accelerate complex-valued neural network computations. In this article, a photonic complex-valued neural network (PCNN) chip is designed. The scale of the single-core PCNN chip is limited because of optical losses, and the multicore architecture of the chip is used to improve computing capability. Further, for improving the performance of the PCNN, we propose the transformation layer, which can be implemented by the designed photonic chip to transform real-valued encoding to complex-valued encoding, which has richer information. Compared with real-valued input, the transformation layer can effectively improve the classification accuracy from 93.14% to 97.51% of a 64-dimensional input on the MNIST test set. Finally, we analyze the multicore computation of the PCNN. Compared with the single-core architecture, the multicore architecture can improve the classification accuracy by implementing larger neural networks and has better phase noise robustness. The proposed architecture and algorithms are beneficial to promote the accelerated computing of photonic chips for complex-valued neural networks and are promising for use in many applications, such as image recognition and signal processing.
Paper-Based Biosensor System for Fast and Sensitive Phenolic Compounds Detection
Authors: YILDIRIM TİRGİL Nımet
Published: May 2022

In this original paper, the development of a paper-based, sensitive, low-cost, quantitative and consistent biosensor system was demonstrated for the suitable “naked-eye” detection of phenolic compounds (specifical catechol). The Paper-based system depends on the enzymatic color-changing reaction that observed by using chromogenic agent of 4-AAP (4-aminoantipyrine) which has a specific color changing reaction in the presence of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme, phenol and H2O2. The visual result was associated with the catechol concentration by using image processing software to evaluate the quantitative detection. The developed biosensor system demonstrated a linear detection range from catechol between 2,5 µM to 100 µM with 2.6% to 9.3 % of sd results. The detection limit was also calculated as 2,25 µM. Specificity, selectivity, stability and direct real sample analysis demonstrated the potential applicability of the developed paper-based biosensor system for catechol detection in food samples with minimal investment and an easy-to-use method.
Evaluation of handwashing technique held by medical interns in the educational and medical centers of Guilan university of medical sciences in Rasht
Authors: Zia Ziabari Seyyed Mahdi , Asadi Payman , Ghasemi Maryam , Sadeghi Joni Saeid , Akasteh Shadi , Tavakoli Ilnaz
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Hand hygiene is a significant strategy in preventing and controlling infections with a great impact on nosocomial infections and preventing microbial resistance. Objectives: The main goal of this study was to investigate the performance of medical interns in handwashing in the educational and medical centers of Guilan University of Medical Sciences. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, which was conducted in 2020 in Rasht city. The study population consisted of all medical interns. The handwashing was observed in medical interns after obtaining their permission and separately at a suitable time and place. They were given a grade based on a poster approved by the Ministry of Health of Iran. Results: A total number of 147 medical interns were enrolled in this study. We also found out that the mean score of study population in handwashing steps was 7.11± 1.97. The lowest rate of correct performance was for 5th (tying the fingertips and washing them) (32%), 8th (washing around the wrist) (49.7%) and 7th (washing the palm lines with the fingertips) (53.1%) steps. The performance score of female interns had a higher average than male interns (7.4 versus 6.8) (P=0.028). Conclusion: Considering the importance of handwashing in preventing the transmission of diseases, especially in the COVID-19 pandemic and the repeated recommendations to wash hands properly as a simple and accessible way to prevent further transmission of the virus, the review of the awareness and practice of medical interns about the handwashing seems to be critical.
Impact of various doses of curcumin on contrastmedia induced nephrotoxicity: a histopathological andbiochemical study
Authors: Safi Hossein , Kafeshani Marzieh , Mansouri Esrafil , Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud , Nasri Hamid , Nematbakhsh Mehdi
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a cause of acute renal failure (RF) that canlead to certain complications such as chronic RF. Acute and chronic RF may need to dialysis andthe need for dialysis, elongates hospital stay, increases costs, and finally increases mortality rate.Currently, the use of different antioxidants to prevent nephrotoxicity is the main focus of manystudies in this field. Curcumin (CUR) is one of these compounds as the main isolated compoundfrom the essential oil of turmeric underground stem. CUR has numerous pharmaceuticalproperties such as antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various doses of CUR onbiochemical and histopathological parameters in CIN.Materials and Methods: To conduct this study, 36 Wistar rats were divided into six groups of 6each; negative control (NC) did not receive any drugs. Positive control (PC) was intraperitoneallyinjected with 10 ml/kg contrast media. CUR 50 and 250 mg/kg/d (CUR50, CUR250) groups werereceived intraperitoneally CUR suspended in corn oil for 10 days. CUR 50 or CUR 250 plus contrastmedia (CUR50 + CM, CUR250 + CM) groups were received intraperitoneally CUR + CM with 10mL/kg/d of contrast media and CUR suspension for 10 days. Results: The results showed that CUR caused a significant decrease in serum creatinine (Cr),blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and the percentage of debris, vacuolization, dilatation and renal tissuedegeneration of renal tubules (P < 0.05). Conclusion: We found the positive impact of CUR to protect kidney against the adverse effectsof contrast media. Hence this compound might be useful against contrast induced acute kidneyinjury in patients at risk of contrast media induced nephrotoxicity.
Protective effect of vitamin E on nickel sulfate-induced renal dysfunction in rats
Authors: Boroun Raziyeh , Fouladi Dehagه Behzad , Ahmadizadeh Massumeh
Published: May 2022

Introduction: The kidney is a major organ for nickel induced toxicity. Objectives: The purpose of this investigation was to determine the protective impact of vitamin E on nickel sulfate (NiSO4 ) caused kidney dysfunction in rats using biochemical and histopathological approaches. Materials and Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were selected as animal models and randomly divided into four groups (five rats in each group) as follows; group 1. The animals received orally (gavage) 250 mg/kg vitamin E (dissolved in corn oil) 30 minutes before inhalation exposure to1mg NiSO4 /m3 . This experiment was performed for 6 hours daily for 10 consecutive days. Group 2; the rats received by gavage corn oil (vehicle) 30 minutes before inhalation exposure to1mg NiSO4 /m3 . This experiment was performed for 6 hours daily for 10 consecutive days. Group 3; animals of this group were given by gavage 250 mg/kg vitamin E only (without exposure to NiSO4 ) for 10 consecutive days. Group fourth were received by gavage an equal volume of vehicle (corn oil) for 10 consecutive days. All animals were killed 24 hours after the last treatments with sodium pentobarbital. Kidney tissues were removed. One part of the tissues were used for glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) determination, other parts were fixed and processed for light microscopy. Results: The levels of MDA significantly increased and GSH decreased in rats exposed to NiSO4 in comparison to those in non-exposed rats. Histopathological observations also indicated that NiSO4 induced damage in the kidney. Additionally, administration of vitamin E prior to exposure to NiSO4 markedly decreased renal damage-induced by NiSO4 . Conclusion: The study showed that respiratory inhalation of NiSO4 induced oxidative stress and caused cell damage in rats’ kidney. Vitamin E effectively alleviated Ni-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. These observations suggest that vitamin E may have a protective effect against Ni-induced oxidative stress in the rats’ kidney.
Computational Model for Electrical Motors Condition Analysis and Monitoring
Authors: Álvaro Souza de Melo  , Oberdan Pinheiro Rocha  , Alex Álisson Bandeira Santos
Published: May 2022

Predictive maintenance uses several methods to monitor the conditions of electric motors applied in industrial plants. Among these methods, vibration analysis stands out as a widely used method due to the possibility of identifying a wide chance of failures. This work presents the development of a computational model endowed with a classifying algorithm to receive vibration readings from electric motors and determine if the machine has a fault behavior and, if so, which fault. For the algorithm to detect which type of failure, a dataset with readings from several engines in different failure conditions should be developed for training the model.
Influence of the Driver Profile on the Autonomy of Electric Vehicles
Authors: Cleovano Gonçalves Batista  , Thomaz Barros de Carvalho Prado  , Júlio César Chaves Câmara  , Lilian Lefol Nani Guarieiro
Published: May 2022

In response to the growing pressure from civil society on the automotive industry and governments regarding the sustainability and reduction of environmental impacts of vehicular fleets, there has been a substantial increase in the application and development of technologies applied to vehicular electrification. Among the efforts to massify electric vehicles there are aspects of their reduced autonomy compared to combustion vehicles. The studies concerning vehicle aspects that influence vehicle autonomy become imperative so that the best driving practices and energy management strategies are mapped and known. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of the driver profile on the autonomy of electric vehicles. Data were obtained through a device connected to the OBDII port and collected significant information for vehicle parameters evaluation such as speed, battery level, distance covered, autonomy, and so on. The results obtained, albeit preliminary, indicate that the profile of the driver influences the autonomy of electric vehicles.
Phylogenetic Relationship within the Genus Carcharhinus on the Basis of Lemon shark (N. brevirostris) Position
Authors: DOSAY-AKBULUT Mine
Published: May 2022

Many doubts have not been answered about the phylogenetic relationship of the sharks. The morphological models and molecular studies, frequently used these days, can put some species into different order or suborder. The sharks contain about 1% of all fishes, separated into 8 orders. Within these, the largest group is the genus Carcharhinus, which includes economically important sharks. A lot of different analyses were done to determine the relationship among these genera. Most of them indicate that phylogenetic relationships at most taxonomic levels remain mysterious for this genera. This study was applied to determine the interrelationship between Carcharhinus and Negaprion genera based on the lemon shark position and to find out the possible paraphyletic situation of genus Carcharhinus, via using ribosomal ITS2 region and mtDNA D-loop for comparison and to get more reliable findings. As a result, based on the ribosomal ITS2 analyses, the lemon shark is placed within the genus Carcharhinus, on the other hand, the lemon shark finds a place outside of the genus Carcarhinus according to the mtDNA D-loop analyses results. Different findings regarding the position of the lemon shark indicate that it is necessary for more accurate results of the study by using more samples and more gene data.
Investigation of the Effect of Retinal Pathologies on the Success of Multifocal IOL Implantation
Authors: Альноелати А.M.A. , Стебнев В.С.
Published: May 2022

Цель. Оценить влияние мультифокальных интраокулярных линз (ИОЛ) на остроту зрения у пациентов с заболеваниями сетчатки.Материалы и методы. Проведены сравнение и систематизация результатов исследований, направленных на изучение применения интраокулярных линз среди пациентов с заболеваниями сетчатки, с использованием баз данных PubMed, Web of Science и прочих онлайн-ресурсов.Результаты. У пациентов с заболеваниями сетчатки мультифокальные ИОЛ либо не оказывают никакого эффекта, либо приводят к ухудшению зрительных характеристик в условиях низкой освещенности и более высоких пространственных частот по сравнению с монофокальными ИОЛ. Тем не менее мультифокальные ИОЛ поддерживают уровень контрастной чувствительности в пределах соответствующего возрасту нормального диапазона. Некоторые исследования показали, что пациенты, которым были имплантированы мультифокальные ИОЛ в один или оба глаза, сообщили о значительном улучшении визуальных результатов. При этом большее удовлетворение было получено у пациентов с имплантированной монофокальной ИОЛ в одном глазу и мультифокальной ИОЛ в другом глазу.Вывод. Нет прямых доказательств того, что мультифокальные ИОЛ не подходят пациентам с заболеваниями сетчатки. Необходимы дополнительные исследования, чтобы устранить существующие проблемы и оптимизировать использование этого типа линз при наличии заболеваний сетчатки.

Purpose of the study. To evaluate the effect of multifocal IOLs on visual acuity in patients with retinal pathologies.Materials and methods. Comparison and systematization of the results of studies aimed at studying the use of intraocular lenses among patients with retinal pathologies, using PubMed databases, Web of Science and other online resources.Results. In patients with retinal disorders, multifocal IOLs either have no effect or lead to deterioration of visual characteristics in low light conditions and higher spatial frequencies compared to monofocal IOLs. Nevertheless, multifocal IOLs maintain the level of contrast sensitivity within the age-appropriate normal range. Some studies have shown that patients who were implanted with multifocal IOLs in one or both eyes reported a significant improvement in visual results. At the same time, greater satisfaction was obtained in patients with implanted monofocal IOL in one eye and multifocal IOL in the other eye.Conclusion. There is no direct evidence that multifocal IOLs are not suitable for patients with retinal diseases. Additional research is needed to eliminate existing problems and optimize the use of this type of lenses in the presence of retinal pathologies.
The Significance of Diagnosis Methods in the Early Detection of Ophthalmological Signs of Atherosclerosis (Review of the Literature)
Authors: Махкамова Д.К.
Published: May 2022

При системном атеросклерозе одним из первых страдает орган зрения, зачастую оставаясь гиподиагностированным. Симптомы очень часто стертые, невыраженные и многообразные, что в свою очередь приводит к упущению или неправильной диагностике заболевания. При этом методы диагностики при своевременном их применении могут служить ранним диагностическим инструментом, который позволит предупредить развитие грозных осложнений, приводящих не только к слабовидению и слепоте, но и к состояниям, угрожающим жизни пациента. Нарушения гемодинамики и параметров перфузии могут служить одним из важных критериев развития сосудистых осложнений органа зрения, которые возникают при системном атеросклерозе. При изучении литературных данных было выявлено, что на сегодняшний день отсутствуют исследования, посвященные изучению ранних и дифференциально-диагностических признаков поражения органа зрения при атеросклерозе, которые могли бы дать возможность выявить развитие данного патологического состояния.

In systemic atherosclerosis, the organ of vision is one of the first to suffer, often remaining underdiagnosed. Symptoms are very often blurred, unexpressed and diverse, which, in turn, leads to omission or misdiagnosis of the disease. At the same time, diagnostic methods, with their timely application, can serve as an early diagnostic tool that will prevent the development of formidable complications, leading to the development of not only low vision and blindness, but also to conditions that threaten the life of the patient. Violations of hemodynamics and perfusion parameters can serve as one of the important criteria for the development of vascular complications of the organ of vision that occur in systemic atherosclerosis. When studying the literature data, it was found that to date there are no studies devoted to the study of early and differential diagnostic signs of damage to the organ of vision in atherosclerosis, which could make it possible to identify the development of this pathological condition.
The Effect of Learning Gamelan Art on Emotional Intelligence
Authors: Jarmani Jarmani
Published: May 2022

Adolescents are increasingly confronted with emotional issues, demanding a solution such as adolescent emotional intelligence development. Traditional Indonesian music, notably Javanese gamelan, can help adolescents develop emotional intelligence. People who follow a set of rules and limits undertake Javanese gamelan exercises. When practicing gamelan, the individual must hit his gamelan tool and listen to the gamelan played by his colleagues in the gamelan group to generate a harmonic gamelan sound. The study's findings revealed a link between the severity of Javanese gamelan music training and emotional intelligence, with the higher the intensity of Javanese gamelan music training, the higher the emotional intelligence. The intensity variable of Javanese gamelan music training can contribute 30.25 percent to the emotional intelligence variable. In contrast, the remaining 69.75 percent is influenced by elements other than the intensity variable of Javanese gamelan music training. Beyond the intensity variables of Javanese gamelan music training, the family, non-family, physical, and psychological environments all have a role.
The Effect of Job Training, Motivation, and Work Ethic to the Workforce Performance
Authors: Wardhani Rike Kusuma
Published: May 2022

Problems focussed of the research are job training, work motivation, and work ethic of employees at UD. Semanggi Mas Sejahtera. The study took the sample with predetermined criteria of 51 respondents who had carried out training activities, with the sampling technique using purposive sampling. The technique used to analyze the data is the validity and reliability test, multiple linear regression test, classical assumption test, and hypothesis test through t-test and F-test. The results indicated that the regression equation Y = 11.205 + 0.173 X1 + 0.462 X2 + 0.631 X3. Partially job training has a significant effect on workforce performance at UD. Semanggi Mas Sejahtera. Partially work motivation has a significant effect on workforce performance at UD. Semanggi Mas Sejahtera. Partially work ethic has a essential effect on workforce performance at UD. Semanggi Mas Sejahtera. Simultaneously job training, motivation, and work ethic have a significant effect on workforce performance at UD. Semanggi Mas Sejahtera. It is hoped that the company will further increase the intensity of job training in the company, and pay attention to policies regarding work motivation and work ethic so that workforce performance can be achieved.
Study on the customer oriented modern hotel management system using fuzzy analytic Hierarchical process (FAHP)
Authors: Dadapeer M. Syed , Shrinivasan Dr. J.
Published: May 2022

The hotel undertaking, as an explanation of the tertiary region, is making at a quick, taking into account fast cash related new turn of events and strong associate for the improvement business experience. In the mean time, it's far up towards strong block each locally and all around. In the records age, a reliably making number of lodgings are picking informationalized control to certifiable strong regions for reflect for them of view through wandered forward liabilities, extra show, and sensible costs. The cutting edge standing control device is all around picked in all pieces of motel control, joining get, behind the scenes cash related making due, and surface gaining errands obviously into an unmarried contraption that basically suits the longings of each and every day hotel control. Standing undertaking information is exploding couple with the improvement of the housing records technique. These information, on the elective hand, have now everything considered unquestionably not an extraordinary clarification for what was in store been progressed and applied to their unwavering potential. This various gives the Warm from an overall perspective based totally Clever Different leveled out Cycle (FAHP), that is used to outline individual thought while generally picking. Hotel control's business undertaking information coordinating is restricted to work with mix, making due, and examinations. The records amassed is brief and timetable, and it falls expedient of the hotel's contemporary-day "support focused" publicizing plan. This subject is by and large settled totally on a standard housing control contraption, and it uses information mining age to take out essential records from present motel undertaking information that grants you to set up a help division mix and guide the decision in with layering in focusing in on information from more than one places and levels across the confirmation making point, that licenses you to thoroughly see the "triviality focused" thought, further help hotel carrier levels, and finish association focus validity.
Online Fruits and Vegetables Recycling and Reuse System
Authors: Sowjanya V. Reddy , Kumar Dr. Naveen
Published: May 2022

This paper pursuits to lessen the Traffic incidents entitled “ONLINE FRUITS AND VEGETABLES RECYCLING AND REUSE SYSTEM” . Online culmination and veggies recycling and reuse gadget refers back to the technique of creating reuse of unsold veggies and culmination.These unsold ones are processed in numerous bureaucracy through grading them in exclusive classes like healthy, 1/2 of spoiled and waste.In this we've got taken a few culmination like mango and custered apple for culmination for veggies, we've got taken Eggplant or brinjal and sour defend through appearing the deep mastering approach. CNN classify it as Grade A or Grade B or Grade C. Grade A kind Fruits are used to sale and vegetable used to make curries, B grade culmination or vegetable are used to make Pickles and ultimate grade used to make herbal fertilizers.The predominant goal of the gadget is to advantage the farmers for the unsold ones.