bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fluorescent Properties of Zn-Al Hydrotalcite and its Modified Products
Authors: Su Ji Xin , Dong Fei Fei , Zhang Ming Bo , Zhang Shen Ping
Published: November 2010

Zn-Al hydrotalcite exhibited fluorescence property without fluorescent substances intercalation. Its maximum excitation wavelength was 406nm and maximum emission wavelength was 523nm. In this study citric acid and adipic acid were introduced into the interlayer of LDH, which enlarged the interlayer spacing. It was found that the fluorescence property was influenced by anions in the interlayer of hydrotalcites. And it would be favorable to bind with other organic compounds to get photocatalysis materials for citric acid modified Zn-Al hydrotalcite. Meanwhile, the fluorescence intensity was enhanced greatly after modified by adipic acid, so it could be used as photocatalyst precursors.
Structure and Dielectric Tunability of Ba (Ti1-yZry)O3 Ferroelectric Ceramics
Authors: Guan Xiao Fen , Deng Xiang Yun , Lu Cheng , Tan Zhong Wen , Zhang Yan Jie , Yang Ren Bo , Han Li Ren
Published: November 2010

Barium zirconate titanate Ba(Ti1-yZry)O3 (BZT, y = 0.02, 0.07, 0.09, 0.12, 0.15) ceramics have been prepared by sol–gel process. All the BZTx ceramics exhibited perovskite phase detected by X-ray diffraction, and the diffraction peaks shift to lower angle with increasing the content of Zr. Dielectric susceptibilities are up to 15500, and tunability up to 74.9% under electric field 6.8 kV/cm at 100 Hz.
The Effect of Underfill Fillet Geometry to Die Edge Stress for Flip Chip Packaging
Authors: Jalar A. , Kornain Zainudin , Rasid Rozaidi , Abdullah Saifollah , Othman Norinsan Kamil
Published: November 2010

The possible source of die edge cracking for Flip Chip Ceramic Ball Grid Array (FC-CBGA) package due to thermal cycling have been investigated in this study. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) models were used to analyze the effect of underfill fillet geometry on interfacial stresses between die edge and the underfill fillet. The input parameters of FC-CBGA from industry was used for simulation and the properties of commercial underfill were extracted by using Thermal Mechanical Analyzer (TMA) and Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA). Die stress distribution for different fillet height were generated to depict variation of stress due thermal loading. The variation of tensile stress due different fillet height and width were discussed for parameters optimization.
Formation of Tricalcium Silicate Prepared by Electric and Microwave Sintering
Authors: Ke Kai , Ma Bao Guo , Wang Xiao Liang , Li Xiang Guo
Published: November 2010

A microwave sintering method was used to prepare C3S from Ca(OH)2, SiO2 and MexOy. f-CaO assay, X-ray diffraction and SEM were used to characterize the sintered samples.The results indicated that ion oxides played a very important role in C3S formation in conventional sintering, the use of MexOy as an additive was so effective in promoting C3S formation. The experimental results showed that samples were heated at an electric heating temperature(1500°C) and then further sintered with microwave for 30~60 min, tricalcium silicate could be formed with kilogram step. The new burning technique can greatly increase the forming speed of tricalcium silicate, MnO2, CuO and Ni2O3 could enhance the microwave sintering.
Study on High-Density-Copper Grain-Refining Cu-W Composites
Authors: Tan Dun Qiang , Chen Qiang , Yu Fang Xin , Li Wen Xian
Published: November 2010

By detecting microstructures and properties of Cu-W composites, effects of powder composition, sintering temperature and compacting pressure on sintered billets were studied, and sintering mechanism of Cu-W powders was discussed. Effective rules of process parameters have been preliminarily obtained: Sintered billets of Cu-40W and Cu-50W had a low density when compacted at 200MPa, sintered below the melting point of copper, and density, hardness enlarged with sintering temperature increasing; Hardness, density, electrical conductivity of Cu-40W enlarged with compacting pressure when compacted above 600MPa, sintered at 1100°C; But when compacted at 800MPa, sintered at 1100°C, Cu-40W sintered billets had a density of 11.37g/cm3, relative density of 99.6%, closed to the theoretical value.
Synthesis of Carambola-Like CuO via a Chemical Bath Method
Authors: Li Jian Peng , Sun Feng Qiang
Published: November 2010

By a simple chemical bath method, new carambola-like structured CuO had been fabricated in a solution composed of Cu(NO3)2, NaOH and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA). The formation of such structure was caused by in-situ dehydration and separation of flower-like petals composed of several pieces of copper hydroxide sheets. The corresponding electrochemical reactivity of structured CuO has been investigated, which demonstrated the potential application for lithium ion batteries.
A New 4H-SiC MESFET Utilizing N- Shielding and Field Plate Techniques Simultaneously
Authors: Jia Hu Jun , Yang Yin Tang , Chai Chang Chun
Published: November 2010

Some new techniques include n- shielding, buried channel and field plate are firstly adopted together for design and fabrication of 4H-SiC microwave MESFETs. The testing results show that a relatively broad and uniform transconductance versus gate voltage was obtained using a 0.1m n- shielding. 0.3mm gate periphery device shows good DC and RF performance such as 5.27W/mm power density, 6.7dB power gain and 43% power added efficiency at 2.3GHz under pulse operation. Compared to conventional SiC MESFETs, a gate lag ratio as high as 0.84 can be achieved for the developed devices even under a nearly actual operating condition.
Synthesis of Uranium Doped TiO2 Nanomaterial and its Visible Light Degradation Property
Authors: Liu Shao You , Feng Qing Ge
Published: November 2010

Uranium doped TiO2 (U-TiO2) nanomaterials, determined by scanning electron micro- graphy (SEM), were successfully synthesized via a simple, effective and environmental benign solid state reaction route. The characterizations via XRD and XPS showed that the uranium has been entered into the framework of anatase TiO2. The DRUV-Vis revealed that the adsorption region of U-TiO2 nanomaterials shifts to the visible light region compared with the pure TiO2. Moreover, the U-TiO2 nanomaterials for photodegradation of quinoline showed a good photocatalytic properties under visible light irradiation. At 298K, within 60 min visible light irradiation, 54.9 % of the initial quinoline was degraded by the U-TiO2 (U/Ti=3:20) catalyst. The visible light degradation rate of the U-TiO2 nanomaterials is negative to the pH value of surface but positive to the visible light absorption range.
Approximate Feedback Linearization Control for High Precision Hydraulic Parallel Machine Tool
Authors: Yang Chi Fu , Zheng Shu Tao , Ogbobe Peter O. , Han Jun Wei
Published: November 2010

Traditional feedback linearization approach (TFL) requires a priori knowledge of plant, which is difficult and the computational efficiency of controller is low due to complex dynamics of plant. In order to improve the tracking performance of hydraulic parallel machine tool and limit the drawbacks of TFL, a novel approximate feedback linearization approach is proposed in this paper. The mathematical models of hydraulic parallel machine tool are established using Kane method and hydromechanics. The approximate feedback linearization control is designed for the parallel machine tool in joint space, with the position and the stored data in the previous time step are employed, as a learning tool to yield improved performance. Under Lyapunov theorems, the stability of the presented algorithm is confirmed in the presence of uncertainties. Simulation results show the proposed control is readily and effective to realize path tracking, it exhibits excellent performance and high efficiency without a precision dynamics of plant. Moreover, the presented algorithm is well suitable for most industrial applications.
Self-Assembly of a Novel Cationic Porphyrin-Anthraquione Hybrid Investigated by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
Authors: Gao Ai Mei , Deng Wen Li , Chen Hong Yu
Published: November 2010

The self-assembly behaviour of a novel cationic porphyrin-anthraquione (Por-AQ) hybrid ([AQATMPyP]I3) on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) was studied at room temperature in air by scanning tunneling microscopy(STM). According to theoretical calculation, it is testified that [AQATMPyP]I3 molecule mainly exists in the closed structure. The STM results reveal the presence of large-scale domains of ordered adlayer of this hybrid compound on HOPG. The STM images show a structure constituted by parallel rows. The width of each row is approximately 2.5nm.
Experimental Research on the Abrasive Belt Grinding Blades Material 1Cr13 Stainless Steel
Authors: Yang Chun Qiang , Huang Yun , Huang Zhi , Li Xiao Zhen
Published: November 2010

Blades are the key parts of turbines. The materials used for making blades have many excellent performances such as high intensity, corrosion resistant and temperature resistant. They are of hard to machine materials. However, there is little information available in the literature related to abrasive belt grinding blades materials. And its mechanisms have not yet been fully explained. This paper aims to make a contribution to the understanding of the wear mechanisms of the abrasive belt and its influence factors. A series of tests were conducted on 1Cr13 stainless steel. The surface roughness and the surface topography of abrasive wear were observed. The influences of grinding force and grinding time on surface roughness were discussed. The wear mechanisms are revealed based on the model of abrasive grain’s wear. It revealed that existence of an optimum surface roughness reachable dependent of the grinding force and grinding time. It has also been shown that the type of abrasive and grinding depth have great influence on abrasive wear.
Experimental Preparation and Properties of Modified CNT Field Emitters for the Field Emission Display Panel
Authors: Li Hui , Zhou Xiao Gang , Yuan Chao , Dou Gen Sheng
Published: November 2010

Carbon nanotube used as the cathode material, the diode-type field emission display panel was developed with low-cost screen-printing method and precise photolithography process. The modified CNT field emitter was fabricated for improving the field emission characteristic, and the detailed fabrication process was also presented. The indium-tin-oxide film on the cathode back-plane was divided to form the CNT cathode electrode, and the insulation slurry was screen-printed to form the insulation layer. Field emission characteristic of whole display device was measured. The sealed field emission display panel showed good emission properties and high display image brightness.
Gelling Process of Ultrafine ZrO2 at Room Temperature
Authors: Wang Jin Feng , Liu Xin Hua , Wang Xiao Qing
Published: November 2010

Gelcasting is widely used in ceramic material preparation. A disadvantage of this technology is inhomogeneous structure and inner stress caused by temperature gradient owing to the heating of slurry. Theoretical analysis and experiments prove that gelling process of ultrafine ZrO2 can be completed at room temperature. When premixed solution/initiator/catalyst ratio is 100/1/0.5 (by volume), the gelcasting ZrO2 body with homogeneous structure and bending strength of 50.09MPa is prepared.
Numerical Simulation in Deep Drawing of Cylindrical Cup with Elliptical Shape Die Shoulder
Authors: Shi Yu Qing , Guan Ai Zhi
Published: November 2010

Wrinkling and tearing are the main failure modes in sheet-metal forming. The radius of die is important for deep-drawing because of an effective way to promote deep formability sheet metal .This paper presents an attempt to determine the effect of various elliptical shape die shoulder on the fracture and wrinkling and was investigated using 08Al sheet metal .The ellipse with minor axis of b=4.5mm and major axis of a=6.5mm,a=7mm,a=8mm ,a=10mm were analyzed to eliminate wrinkling and fracture in deep-drawing .The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of elliptical major axis and elliptical minor axis variables in elliptical shape die shoulder on formability in the deep-drawing process and to obtain useful date from the industrial field .The experiment show that limit formability promote with elliptical shape die shoulder in deep-drawing process.
Modeling of Thermal Exposure Effect on the Microstructure Evolution and Properties of High Cu/Mg Ratio Al-Cu-Mg-Ag Alloys
Authors: Hou Yan Hui , Liu Zhi Yi , Li Guang Qiang , Xia Qing Kun
Published: November 2010

This work aims to develop a physically based numerical model to predict the microstructure evolution and residual yield strength of high Cu/Mg ratio Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys after thermal exposure. Based on the established interfacial energy model and the classical nucleation and growth theories, a thermodynamically based precipitation model had been established to describe competitive precipitation of two phases, being of different stability, in under-aged and the subsequent thermally exposed Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys. And the strengthening model based on Orowan mechanism was deduced to predict the residual yield strength after thermal exposure. The microstructural evolution and yield strength predictions of the model in this work are generally in good agreement with the experimental result.
Fabrication of Various ZnO Nanostructures and their Photoelectric Properties
Authors: Mi Ou Yang , Hu Bin , Bai Ru , Lv Xiao Jing , Zhang Cheng , Ma Chun An , Chen Hong Zheng
Published: November 2010

Various morphologies of ZnO nanostructures, including nanoparticle (NP), nanopetal and nanorod (NR) array, were fabricated via solution-phase approaches. The morphology and crystallization of resulting Nano-ZnO were investigated by Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), High resolution-transmission electronic microscope (HR-TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. A dual-layered photoreceptor containing the nanostructures film as the charge generation layer (CGL) were designed and fabricated. It was found that the photoreceptor based on ZnO NR array as CGL exhibited better photoelectric performance than that from ZnO NP or nanopetal.
Preparation and Properties of a Novel Azobenzene-Based Polyacrylamide Hydrogels with Photoresponse
Authors: Wang Hai Tao , Zhao Yi Ping , Chen Li , Wei Jun Fu , Zhao Hai Yang
Published: November 2010

A novel photoresponsive hydrogels of poly(acrylamide-co-acrylamido azobenzene) (p(AAm-co-AAAB)) consisting of acrylamide (AAm) and acrylamido azobenzene (AAAB) was prepared via a free-radical copolymerization route by using 2,2’-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator, and N,N-methylene bisacrylamide (MBAA) as a crosslinking agent. The photoresponsive behaviors were studied. The variations of volume and swelling ratio of p(AAm-co-AAAB) hydrogels under UV or visible light irradiation indicated that PAAm hydrogels have no UV light sensitivity, but with the increase of the time of UV irradiation, the volume and swelling ratio of p(AAm-co-AAAB) hydrogels decreased, and then increased with the extending of the time after UV irradiation for the isomerization. The results disclosed that the copolymer hydrogels possess good photoresponsive property to UV irradiation, and the photoresponsive behavior is reversible with the transformation between UV and visible light irradiation.
Stability and Bifurcation of Nonlinear Bearing-Flexible Rotor System with a Single Disk
Authors: Hei Di , Zhang Yong Fang , Zheng Mei Ru , Jia Liang , Lu Yan Jun
Published: November 2010

Dynamic model and equation of a nonlinear flexible rotor-bearing system are established based on rotor dynamics. A local iteration method consisting of improved Wilson-θ method, predictor-corrector mechanism and Newton-Raphson method is proposed to calculate nonlinear dynamic responses. By the proposed method, the iterations are only executed on nonlinear degrees of freedom. The proposed method has higher efficiency than Runge-Kutta method, so the proposed method improves calculation efficiency and saves computing cost greatly. Taking the system parameter ‘s’ of flexible rotor as the control parameter, nonlinear dynamic responses of rotor system are obtained by the proposed method. The stability and bifurcation type of periodic responses are determined by Floquet theory and a Poincaré map. The numerical results reveal periodic, quasi-periodic, period-5, jump solutions of rich and complex nonlinear behaviors of the system.
Effect of Ultrasonic Disperse on the Properties of Carbon Nanotubes Supercapacitors
Authors: Yuan Xin Sheng , Zhang Hai Yan , Chen Yi Ming
Published: November 2010

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of different diameter were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition using LaNi5 alloy of micrometer magnitude as catalyst. High-power ultrasonic grinder was employed to disperse CNTs for various time. CNTs with different dispersion levels were obtained and their impacts on the performance of CNTs supercapacitor electrode were researched as well. Constant current charge-discharge, Cycle Votammetry was employed to study the supercapacitors properties of carbon nanotubes. And the results showed that the specific capacitance of CNTs electrode without ultrasonic was 95.88F/g. However CNTs electrode has preferable electrochemistry properties with 16 hours ultrasonic dispersion, CNTs diameter about 30-50nm and well dispersibility: the specific capacitance had enhanced 69.9%, as high as 162.88F/g.
Asymmetry Analysis of Water Level Measured on Two Ends of Drum Boiler
Authors: Zhou Bo , Fei Chao Yang
Published: November 2010

Control of the water level in the drum of the boiler system is a critical operation consideration, because asymmetric dynamics of water level measured leads to measuring errors. This phenomenon is testified by field data from a 400t/h drum boiler with natural circulation in a power plant of China. Some equations are developed and several related factors are focused on, and two of which become critical ones accounting for asymmetry of measured value. With the study of structure of distribution pipes in drum, it is found that feed-water flows distributed on the opposite ends of drum are obviously asymmetric, where measurement systems are positioned. When more feed-water is supplied at one end of drum, the rate of steam in water and water temperature become lower, and measured level get higher. Through the simulation, the important factors for asymmetric of water level are found out, which is necessary to minimize the measuring errosrs.
Influence of External Factors on Anisotropic Growth Habit of ZnO Crystal
Authors: Xie Juan , Zhao Wei , Bian Li , Feng Ru Bin , Xie Yan
Published: November 2010

Monodispersed ZnO micro/nanocrystals with various morphologies were successfully prepared via a simple solution route at low temperature. The products were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). Results suggest a close relationship between the morphology of ZnO and the external factors. Possible mechanisms for the controllable synthesis of ZnO particles are preliminarily discussed.
Study on the Shape Memory Effect of Styrene Copolymer
Authors: Zhang Da Wei , Zhang Yan Hua , Zhang Li Hua , Hu Shui
Published: November 2010

This paper is concerned about the synthesis of shape memory styrene copolymer and the investigation of the influence of cross-linking degree on its shape memory effect. The influence of cross-linking degree on shape memory effect of styrene copolymer was investigated through altering the dosage of cross-linking agent. The Tg increased from 65 to 80.7 with the gel content increase from 35% to 80% which is achieved by increasing the dosage of cross-linking agent from 1% to 4%. Moreover, the SMP experienced good SME and the largest reversible strain of the SMP reached as high as 150%. When the copolymer was heated above Tg+30 (different copolymers performed different Tg), the shape recovery speed of the copolymers increased with the gel content increase.
Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Properties of (1-x)BaTi0.8Zr0.2O3-xBa0.7Ca0.3TiO3 Ceramics Prepared by Sol-Gel Technique
Authors: Tan Zhong Wen , Fu Wei Guo , Deng Xiang Yun , Yang Ren Bo , Guan Xiao Fen , Lu Cheng , Zhang Yan Jie , Han Li Ren
Published: November 2010

The(1-x)BaTi0.8Zr0.2O3-xBa0.7Ca0.3TiO3 ceramics have been prepared by sol-gel technique, where x is from 0.2 to 0.6. It reveals that the dense ceramics can be obtained when the sintered temperature is above 1250°C. It is lower than that of solid state reaction ceramics. In particular, when x=0.3, at which is near the MPB composition, the ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties are more excellent than the others. The maximum dielectric constant is above 9000, which can be observed in the butterfly shape curves of dielectric constant as a function of electric field. The maximum piezoelectric coefficient d33 can reach 400 pm/V, and it is obtained from the piezoelectric response loops.
Experimental Study on Extraction of Vanadium from Stone Coal by Microwave Pretreatment
Authors: Chen Xiang Yang , Lan Xin Zhe , Zhang Qiu Li , Tian Yu Hong , Ma Hong Zhou , Li Lin Bo
Published: November 2010

The microwave is the electromagnetic radiation with the frequency in the between 300 MHz~300GHz. The microwave technology in metallurgy application research are mainly in heating, drying, oxide reduction, mineral processing such as the pretreatment of refractory gold and waste treatment, and metal recovery. The stone coal vanadium ore grinded was dealt with the microwave pretreatment in this article, in order to study the effect of factors such as the heating-up characteristics and weightlessness rate of this ore, and then the ore by pretreatment was carried on the leaching experiments, compared with the vanadium mine with no microwave pretreatment, the results was shown that every different microwave pretreatment way were able to improve leaching rate. The ore pretreated by microwave with heating 5 minutes, the leaching rate was improved almost 13% compared with the routine leaching. If the time for no treatment was increased, the stone coal vanadium ore had been already sintered, instead, reducing the leaching rate.
Study on Reverse Micro emulsion Method Applied in Preparation of Catalyst MnBaAl11O19-δ for Dimethyl Ether Combustion
Authors: Yu Qian , Yu Lin , Diao Gui Qiang , Sun Ming , Huang Ying Min , Li Yong Feng
Published: November 2010

Reverse micro emulsion method showed some advantages in the preparation of the catalyst MnBaAl11O19-δ with large surface area and high activity, when compared with sol-gel method or co-precipitation method. The influences of water content in reverse micro emulsion on nanostructure catalyst MnBaAl11O19-δ were discussed in this paper. The catalyst MnBaAl11O19-δ was prepared by reverse microemulsion method with a system consisted of 55% of n-heptane, 15% of emulsifier OP-10, 15% of 1-octanol and 15% of water (volume ratio). It resulted in the catalyst a length of 10-30nm plated-like phase and large surface area of 106 m2/g. The catalyst was applied in dimethyl ether combustion and it showed high activity with T10% at 160 °C and T90% at 300 °C. The recycle reverse micro emulsion was reused to prepare the catalyst MnBaAl11O19-δ. The catalyst MnBaAl11O19-δ prepared with that, still showed large surface area of 65m2/g and high activity with T10% at 170 °C and T90% at 320 °C in dimethyl ether catalytic combustion.
Study on Ultrasound Assisted Preparation of Nano Rice Starch
Authors: Hu Ai Jun , Wu Cong , Zheng Jie , Zhang Zhi Hua , Hu Xiao Hua , Chen Qiong Xi
Published: November 2010

Nano rice starch was synthesized by ultrasonic-assisted inverse suspension polymerization, using N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA) as the cross-linker, span 80 as the emulsifier and soybean oil as the oil phase. The effects of starch concentration, oil/water ratio, ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time on adsorption of methylene blue were studied separately. The optimal conditions were obtained as followings: starch concentration 2%, ultrasonic power 320W, ultrasonic time 30min and oil-water ratio 8:1. Under above conditions, the average diameter of the prepared nanoparticles tested by particle size analyzer was 96.2 nm.
Simulation and Experiment Study of Hybrid Actuators Five-Bar Mechanism Kinematics Parameter
Authors: Shan Ning
Published: November 2010

The kinematics model of planar closed-loop five-bar mechanism is established in this paper. The influence of mechanism’s input parameters on the output kinematics parameters is investigated by simulation. The five-bar mechanism is designed. The experimental system of hybrid actuators five-bar mechanism is established based PID control method. The experiment investigates the influence of mechanism’s input parameters on the output kinematics parameters. The results show that the mechanism’s output kinematics parameters depend on input parameters. The original angle of input bar is bigger, curves of kinematics parameters of output bar change more acutely. Applying PID control algorithm to control the hybrid actuators linkage, the real kinematics parameters of linkage are almost consistent with theory values and the error is less.
Structural Optimization and Verification for SPF/DB Process
Authors: Shao Jie , Han Xiao Ning , Li Zhi Qiang , Han Xiu Quan
Published: November 2010

With increasing applications of SPF/DB structural components in the fields of aeronautics and astronautics, a large amount of new products are researched and developed. The traditional manufacture mode depending on experiences can not satisfy the new requirements. In this paper, a method of structure optimization design and manufacturing for multilayer load-carrying parts is proposed. Based on the given outlines of the components and the characteristics of SPF/DB process, the form of internal hollow structures are designed and modeled by CAE software before forming and the result of calculating is used to direct the SPF/DB process. It is verified that the optimized structure can satisfy the requirements of strength, stiffness, light weight of parts, which agrees well with the results of simulation. And it is also showed that this method is effective to decrease the quantity of tests, shorten the development cycle and reduce the development costs.
The Absorption of TiO2 Nanotube-Dye Sensitization Solar Cells by Thermo-Compression Systems in Dye Molecules
Authors: Jheng Wern Dare , Chen Chien Chon
Published: November 2010

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) are currently under development worldwide. Photoelectric conversion efficiency cannot yet rival the efficiency levels of commercial silicon solar cells. Nonetheless, due to the advantages of simple production, low cost and accessibility which allows for large-scale production, photoelectric conversion efficiency is still one of the technologies under urgent development in the next stage of new solar energy. Usually, laboratories adopt the method of absorbing dyes on film electrodes by placing the specimen sample in the dye for a lengthy soaking period (12 hours). Such an approach merely yields the result of the dye molecules being absorbed on the TiO2 Nanotube, which does not produce time efficiency conducive to future commercialization. Such an improvement in efficiency could have a major impact on the mass production process. Consequently, this study employs a hot-pressure system on a jack with molding to distinguish pressurization, temperature and heating in the pressurization processes; we discovered from the experimental results that the best performance resulted from the heating process. This process not only sped up the diffusion velocity of the dye molecules being absorbed on the tube but also enhanced the photoelectric efficiency for solar cells. This could thereby lead to substantial time saving in the dye soaking process and greatly enhanced the economic benefits of products.
Optimization Design of Extrusion Die Channels for Polymer Profile
Authors: Wang Qi Bing , Wang Zhi Ming , Peng An Hua
Published: November 2010

The objective function is the same flow speed of each sub-filed of product section at exit of the extrusion die for the complexity of hollow polymer profile, and design variables are impact on the flow uniformity of the space above the compression, the example based on finite element numerical simulation and based on the CAD/CAE/ERP database system, the result showed the velocity is obviously improved after the optimization, well positioned to meet the requirements of customer.
Structure and Electrical Properties of Lead-Free (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-Ba(Sn,Ti)O3 Ceramics
Authors: Wang Chun Huy
Published: November 2010

Extending the investigations on (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-based solid solution for lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, this paper consider the complex solid-solution system (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-Ba(Sn,Ti)O3. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that, during sintering, all of the Ba(Sn,Ti)O3 diffuses into the lattice of (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 to form a solid solution, in which a rhombohedral phase with a perovskite structure was found. It was found that the samples with a low content of Ba(Sn0.06Ti0.94)O3 exhibit relatively good physical and electric properties. For 0.98(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.02Ba(Sn0.06Ti0.94)O3 ceramics, the electromechanical coupling coefficients of the planar mode kp and the thickness mode kt reach 0.16 and 0.57, respectively, at the sintering of 1100oC for 3 h. The ratio of thickness coupling coefficient to planar coupling coefficient is 3.56. For 0.98(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-0.02Ba(Sn0.06Ti0.94)O3 ceramics, the relative density and the thickness coupling coefficient kt reach 98.1% and 0.58, respectively, at the sintering of 1100oC for 5 h. With suitable Ba(SnxTi1-x)O3 concentration and sintering condition, a dense microstructure and good electrical properties were obtained.
Preparation of Pb/Polyaniline Coating Electrode and its Electrocatalytic Effect on Anodic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Long Jin Ming , Guo Zhong Cheng , Zhu Xiao Yun
Published: November 2010

The anodic electrodeposition of polyaniline (PANI) on Pb substrate was performed by both potentiostatic and galvanostatic method. Influences of the applied potential and current density on the formation of PANI were investigated. The electrocatalytic effect of Pb electrode modified by PANI on the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in sulfuric acid was examined via anodic polarization measurements. The results indicated that a significantly enhanced catalytic activity was obtained on Pb electrodes modified by PANI. The overpotential for OER drops 0.14V~0.42V and the exchange current density rises by one to three orders of magnitude compared to the blank Pb electrode. As a new kind of OER anodes in acidic electrolytes, the Pb electrode coated by PANI shows a potential application prospect in the electrowinning of non-ferrous metals.
Tailor-Welded Blanks Manufactured and Stamping Properties of Magnesium Alloy
Authors: Wang Zhong Tang , Zhang Shi Hong , Qi Guang Xia , Chang Rong Hui
Published: November 2010

Magnesium alloy tailor-welded blanks(MTWBs) of AZ31 and AZ80 sheet had been manufactured by gas tungsten arc welded(GTAW), which the thickness were 0.8mm. The welding properties of Magnesium alloy sheet had been analyzed, and the technology parameters of GTAW were determined by experiment study, which was that welding thread being Φ2.0mm, welding electricity 50A, welding voltage 9V, welding rate 12—13cm/min. The research results presented that the grain in welded seam was isometric crystal, and the grains were branching crystal in heat-affected zone (HAZ). For MTWBs of AZ31and AZ80 sheet which the thickness was 0.8mm, the forming parameters were that the forming temperature of AZ31 being 190-220°C, and forming temperature of AZ80 being 310°C-350°C, and the temperature of tools is 180°C~200°C.
Specific Energy Requirement for Compacting Corn Cobs
Authors: Jin Zhi Qiang , Wang Shun Xi
Published: November 2010

Corn cobs are potential feedstock for producing heat, power, fuels, and chemicals. Densification of corn cobs into briquettes/pellets would improve their bulk handling, transportation, and storage properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the densification characteristics and specific energy requirements for the compression of corn cobs under four pressure levels (10, 12, 14, 16MPa) and with two particle size levels (2.41mm, 0.86mm). The compression behavior of ground corn cobs was studied using a hydraulic press briquetteing machine whose cylindrical die diameter was about 30 mm. The corn cobs moisture content and preheat temperature before compaction was 10% (w.b.) and 75 °C, respectively. The cylindrical die temperature was maintained at 90 ± 5 °C. It was found that the briquette density ranged from 809 to 1043 kg m-3; while the total specific energy requirement to compress and extrude briquette ranged from 17 to 26 MJ t-1, with an increase in pressure. Particle size had also a significant effect on briquette density and specific energy requirement. The finer corn cob grinds (0.86mm) resulted in higher density and lower specific energy requirement than the coarser corn cob grinds (2.41mm). New statistical models were developed to describe the total specific energy consumption of ground corn cobs during densification using a multiple linear regression analysis.
Research on Network Manufacturing Resource Discovery Based on Joint Mechanism
Authors: Zheng Li Bin , Gu Ji Nan , Liv Xiao Feng
Published: November 2010

The disadvantages of discovery mechanism of current network manufacturing resource were analyzed. A joint discovery mechanism based on UDDI (Universal Description, Discovery and Integration) and WSIL (Web Services Inspection Language) was put forward. Two-level matching was put forward. Basic process features are matched in UDDI and corresponding feature values are matched in local WSIL .Network manufacturing resource discovery architecture was built. Basic principles and characteristics of the integrated architecture were analyzed. Key technologies for realizing the integrated architecture were studied. The joint discovery mechanism prototype platform for manufacturing resource was developed by borrowing ideas from this model. The framework improves retrieval efficiency, greatly reduces the load on UDDI.
Preparation of a Sulfate-Based Complex Coagulant from Boiler Slag and its Application in Domestic Sewage Treatment
Authors: Li Jin Ping , Gan Jin Hua , Chen Ying Ming
Published: November 2010

This paper presents a new way of recycling aluminum and iron in boiler slag derived from coal combustion plants for the production of a sulfate-based complex coagulant containing ferric sulfate and aluminum sulfate. The boiler slag sample was determined for more complete characterization by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD), X-ray fluorescence(XRF) and other techniques. An analysis for the boiler slag sample collected from Baotou Steel Plant located in Inner Mongolia, PR China showed that the quantity of iron and aluminum oxides, in general, accounted for about 35% of the boiler slag. XRD analysis indicates that predominate minerals such as kaolinite, quartz, calcium silicide, hematate and metakoalin exist in this boiler slag. This boiler salg was evaluated to determine the efficiency of converting the iron and aluminum components of the material into a sulfate-based complex coagulant when heated with sulfuric acid at different temperatures and reaction times. The maximum concentrations of Fe3+ and Al3+ in the complex coagulant prepared from the boiler slag were obtained at 130 and after 3 h of reaction time. These concentrations were 0.04 M Fe3+ and 0.46 M Al3+, respectively. The corresponding conversion efficiencies of aluminum and iron were 66.2 and 95.0% in the boiler slag, respectively. Finally, the prepared sulfate-based complex coagulant proved to be an effective agent for reducing the turbidity and chemical oxygen demand(COD) of a typical domestic sewage sample.
Numerical Simulation Study on Damage Mechanism of Throat Armor
Authors: Zhang Xiu Mei , Cui Di , Jia Hui Jun , Liang He
Published: November 2010

Throat armor is very important for blast furnace in metallurgical industry, and its quality determines whether the procedure of blast furnace smelting can be carried out steadily for a long time. In this paper, the methods of mathematical simulation and actual production of blast furnace are applied, and the damage mechanism for throat armor is analyzed and studied. The results show that, the high temperature erosion and heat stress are the main reasons for throat armor damage, which make it upwarp falling, deform and fall off. According to the research of practical usage of throat armor, it proves that the result of mathematical simulation is reasonable. So the design parameters should be adjusted and optimized in processes of throat armor casting, and it is also reasonable and necessary to use the water-cooling throat armor.
The Study on Mixed-Combustion of Diesel-Biodiesel Oil in Different Proportions
Authors: Xing Pu , Yin Xiu Jie , Zhao Jing Yun , Zhang Chuan Long
Published: November 2010

In this paper, the pressure of s195 diesel engine was forecast and analyzedthrough the equation of combustion established accordingly. And the result was evaluated by the test, which based on the different proportions of the diesel and bio-diesel fuel, then, the very inosculated result was received at last. And more, by measuring the content of soot and NOX, it was found that the waste let became better along with the increase of biodiesel, but was lower in dynamical nature. Through the synthesis value the content of biodiesel about 10% was the best.
Research on Accuracy Analysis and Simulation for Typical Parts with PRS-XY NC Hybrid PMT
Authors: Chen Yue Peng , Fu Hong Wei , Wang Biao
Published: November 2010

The paper presented a set of PRS-XY hybrid PMT, made up of a set of 3-PRS parallel mechanism and an X-Y table. For advancing the motion accuracy of the PRS-XY type hybrid CNC machine tool, the forward kinematics model and inverse kinematics model have been made, and main error sources affect to machine tool’s precision was established. The relative position of workpiece and the tool of PRS-XY PMT wad discussed, and the coordinate of tool surface was calculated in various process models. The chamfer shape with variation of main error sources was drawn in simulation software, and the processing experiment results prove the correctness of analysis and simulation.
A Computation Software on Diffusion and Solid State Reactions Kinetics
Authors: Luo Shi Yong , Xu Wen Cai , Liu Zun Zhong , Zhang Jia Yun
Published: November 2010

A computer software on solid/solid reaction kinetics, KinPreSSR, is one of subsystems in the software, Intellectualized Database Management System on Kinetics of Metallurgy (IDMSKM). KinPreSSR is a Windows application developed using Visual C++ and FoxPro, and includes two main modules, “DIFFUSION” and “REACTION”. KinPreSSR deals with the kinetics on the diffusion in solid state as well as solid/solid reactions. In the ‘REACTION’ module, the system has organized the commonly recognized kinetic models, parameters and employed both numerical and graphical methods for data analyses. The proper combination between the kinetic contents and the analytical methods enables users to use KinPreSSR for the evaluation and prediction of solid/solid reactions interested. The ‘DIFFUSION’ module includes two sub-modules of “database management system (DBMS)” and "Evaluation & prediction". The “DBMS” deals with the diffusion coefficients gathered from reported documents and the data evaluated according to some rules, besides, it can provide users with retrieval of diffusion coefficients. Based on the solutions to the Fick’s first law and the Fick’s second law in the four typical critical conditions, the "Evaluation & prediction" sub-module gives the predication of concentration distribution after diffusion process in solids or computation for diffusion coefficient.
The Equation of Instantaneous Speed Ratio between Roller and Workpiece
Authors: He Tao , Wang Bao Yu , Hu Zheng Huan
Published: November 2010

The instantaneous speed ratio between roller and workpiece is not only the basis of the relative movement relationship but also the key to deriving the curve of non-rotating shafts with cross wedge rolling. In the paper, the instantaneous speed ratio was analyzed by using FEM. Then, the equation of instantaneous speed ratio equation was regressed by using the statistical analysis software. In the meantime, the experimental rolling equipment was designed to verify the accuracy of the regression equation. Satisfactory consistency was demonstrated by comparison of the theoretical values and results obtained from experiments.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Semi-Solid Formed Magnesium Alloy AZ91D
Authors: Li Dong Nan , Chen Wen Zhe , Tian Jun
Published: November 2010

The semi-solid slurry of AZ91D magnesium alloy was prepared by twin-screw stirring mixer, the microstructure and mechanical properties of semi-solid formed magnesium alloy AZ91D produced by rheo-diecasting and conventional liquid die casting were investigated, respectively. The strengthen mechanism of the semi-solid formed magnesium alloy after heat treatment was analysed by EDS. The results show that the mechanical properties of semi-solid formed magnesium alloy can be enhanced markedly by T4 and T6 heat treatment, owing to decrease of the porosity and less segregation in casting, brittle eutectic compounds dissolves gradually into α-Mg matrix, and the primary phase α-Mg decomposes in the course of heat treatment. In as-cast state, the tensile strength, elongation and hardness of semi-solid formed magnesium alloy AZ91D are 222MPa, 2.3% and 74 HBS, respectively. In T4 heat treatment state, the tensile strength and elongation are increased by 13% and 210%, and in T6 heat treatment state, the tensile strength and hardness are increased by 11% and 16%. The mechanical properties of castings formed by conventional liquid die casting are deteriorated distinctly after T6 heat treatment due to its porosity and crack defects.
Applied Research of Simulation Method in Calculate the Hit Probability of Acoustic Homing Torpedo
Authors: Song Bao Wei , Li Nan
Published: November 2010

At present, in the field of engineering calculation, the methods of calculation "probability" is the important analytical method. However, these are many uncertainties in the actual work; the results of analytical methods are often more serious deviation from the actual situation. With the development of computers, computing staff find out a new approach to calculation "probability" - simulation method. This method simulates the whole process of practical work through to calculate the probability. However, this method has not been verified whether or not to apply in the calculation of torpedo hit probability. To address this situation, this paper find out an acoustic homing torpedo for hit probability simulation methods, with the Matlab Simulink simulation module, and verified by example to prove that equally can be applied in the calculation of torpedo hit probability.
Effects of Hydrogen on Machinability of BT25y Alloy
Authors: Hua Xiao Zhen , Peng Xin Yuan , Zhou Xian Liang , Chen Qing Jun
Published: November 2010

Effects of hydrogen on machinability involving cutting force, surface roughness and chips morphology of BT25y alloy with semi finish machining were carried out. The microstructures and phase composition of different concentrations were studyed by metallurgical microscopy, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X-ray diffractions (XRD). The results show that existing a optimum hydrogen concentration (0.20wt.%) for machinability of BT25y alloy in which cutting force decreases 179N and surface roughness reduces about 24%, in addition, chips morphology are transferred from continuous to segmental. The grain refinement, hydride precipitations and thermal conductivity resulting from hydrogen can improve the machinability of BT25y alloy.
A Mathematical Model for Gas Transmission through Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) Film
Authors: Li Xi Hong , Li Li
Published: November 2010

A mathematical model to predict oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapour exchanges in non-perforated and micro-perforated modified atmosphere packaging films has successfully been proposed.
CAD of Gating System for Injection Mold Based on the Secondary Development Technology of PRO/E
Authors: Ge Zheng Hao , Qu Yi , Zhou Ya Nan
Published: November 2010

The gating system is usually made up of the sprue, the runner, the gate and the slag well. It is an important component of the mold. On the basis of relationship among runner’s geometry, the pressure fall of plastic melt flowing in runner, flow rate and material properties, we can use the UDF library features and Pro / Toolkit functions in PRO / E software to do the second development of PRO / E software. As a result, we can establish the CAD module of gating system for the injection mold. The module has the perfect function and good generality and can help the designer for cost reduction. It may be used whenever you want to use. The PRO / E software has a powerful function to design mold. Taking these as a base, it is very convenient for the module to design the gating system of injection mold.
Study on Inclinable-Pour Process of No-Bake Resin Sand Mould
Authors: Zhang Hong Feng , Yang Yang
Published: November 2010

Al-Si alloy casting used in high-voltage switch is of various types, small quantities and high quality, so it is difficult to meet the quality requirement to adopt general production technique in practice. Inclinable-pour technique of no-bake resin sand mould is realized successfully by means of inclinable-pour auxiliary means designed in the paper. This method not only can shorten the processing cycle and decrease the manufacture cost of casting die, but also can improve obviously mechanical characters and quality standards in total of Al-Si Alloy casting.
Research on Effect of Aggregate Variety on Concrete Volume Deformation
Authors: Shi Yan , Li Jia Zheng , Yang Hua Quan
Published: November 2010

This Using same cementitious materials and mix parameters, effects of aggregate variety on volume deformation of concrete are analyzed and essential causes are explored. Results shown that given the aggregate content, linear expansion coefficient of concrete increase with that of aggregate; aggregate variety has significant impact on autogenous volume deformation of concrete primarily caused by different water absorption of aggregate over long time, which was confirmed by qualitative and quantitative analysis. Paper looks forward to providing technical support for anti-cracking study of dam concrete.
Design Optimization of Flame E-Retarded Plastics Pyrolysis
Authors: Guan Jie
Published: November 2010

In this paper, the parameters which influence the pyrolysis of Printed Circuit Board (PCB) are studied with Taguchi experimental method. Matrix experiments used L9 (34) orthogonal allays are employed to evaluate the effects of parameters in recycling of PCB by pyrolysis approach. A statistical analysis of Extreme difference and signal-to-noise ratio is followed performing an analysis of variance (ANOVA), the result shows that the critical factor for the loss of weight is final temperature and temperature change rate. The contribution of final temperature is about 97.16% to the loss of weight; while the influence of other parameters is very small.
The Experimental Study on a New Kind of High Temperature Solid Lubricant Coating
Authors: Jia Xiao Ming , Chai Jin Rong
Published: November 2010

A new kind of high temperature solid lubricant coating was synthesized by adopting new technique and using graphite, MoS2, Sb2O3 and Al2O3. Its tribological behaviors and lubricate mechanism were studied by means of wear testers. The experiment results show that the friction coefficient of the solid lubricant coating decreases with the increase of load and slightly increases with the raise of temperature. The solid lubricant coating still has good lubrication in 400 .