bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Equity and Driving Factors of Medical Service Supply–Demand Balance for the Elderly in Rapidly Urbanized Communities Based on Big Data Analysis—A Case Study of Xiamen City
Authors: Sui Jinling , Lin Tao , Zhang Guoqin , Ye Hong , Lin Meixia , Geng Hongkai , Zhang Yukui
Published: May 2023

Against the backdrop of rapid population aging and significant demographic changes, cities are facing great challenges in providing healthcare resources for the elderly. Understanding the equity and spatial differentiation mechanisms between the demand and supply of healthcare resources for the elderly in cities, especially in rapidly urbanized areas, can help policymakers to promote the planning and construction of a ‘Just City’ and ‘Age-Friendly City’, safeguarding the human well-being of the elderly. This study combines outpatient appointment data classified by service type with community-scale demographic data to assess the equity in the supply of medical resources for the elderly in the city using a refined two-step moving search method. Taking Xiamen City as an example, we analyzed the spatial heterogeneity in the equity in the supply of different types of health care services for potential elderly patients in each community in the city. Then, we selected six driving factors to explore the underlying driving factors. The results showed that there were 308 communities (61.11%) with a high medical service balance of the internal medicine type for the elderly in Xiamen City, concentrated in the southwest of the whole area. There are only 157 communities with high medical service balance for the surgical type of medical services, concentrated in the central part and southwest of Xiamen City. For these two types of medical services, the number of communities with low medical service balance is 30 (5.95%) and 182 (36.11%), respectively. These communities are far away from the central city. Economic vitality is the most important driving factor in the spatial distribution pattern of equity in the balance of medical services for the elderly. Our study can provide quantitative information on the current situation evaluation and decision support for the development and design of a ‘Just City’ and ‘Age-Friendly City’ Planning.
Can We Extend the Indications for Multilevel Surgery to Non-Ambulatory Children with Neuromuscular Diseases? A Safety and Efficacy Study
Authors: Galán-Olleros María , Martínez-Caballero Ignacio , Chorbadjian-Alonso Gonzalo , Egea-Gámez Rosa M. , Sánchez-López David , Ramírez-Barragán Ana , Fraga-Collarte Manuel , Lerma-Lara Sergio
Published: May 2023

A retrospective study that aims to analyze the safety and efficacy of single-event multilevel surgery (SEMLS) involving bifocal femoral osteotomy (BFO) performed in nine non-ambulatory children with neuromuscular diseases (NMD), with a median age of 12.86 years, to resolve both hip subluxation and ipsilateral knee flexion contracture that impaired standing, and to evaluate patient and caregiver satisfaction. Results: Median surgical time was 4 h 15 min (2 h 35 min–5 h 50 min). Hip flexion deformity improved by a median of 30° (15–35), while median improvement in knee flexion deformity was 30° (20–50). Only two patients could use a standing frame prior to surgery, although with increasing difficulty, while all children could use it following SEMLS. Mean follow-up was 27.47 months (24.33–46.9). Significant blood loss requiring transfusion was the only complication recorded (8/9). All caregivers reported slight, moderate, or significant improvement in all domains of the questionnaire, and all would undergo the procedure again and recommend it to others, as nearly all (8/9) were very satisfied. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that SEMLS including BFOs in non-ambulatory children with NMD can correct hip, knee, and foot deformities and simultaneously realign lower limbs to restore functional standing and wheelchair transfer. The functional results, safety, and degree of satisfaction achieved justify offering this strategy to families.
Wobbling Motion in Nuclei
Authors: Lv Bingfeng , Petrache Costel Marian
Published: May 2023

Wobbling motion as an exotic collective mode in nuclei without axial symmetry, was intensively discussed during the last few years. The observation of the newly proposed transverse wobbling, first reported in 135Pr and soon after in nuclei from other mass regions, was considered as a significant discovery in low-spin nuclear structure. However, both the reported experimental results and the proposed theoretical models were actively questioned in work devoted to the study of the low-spin wobbling mode in the same nuclei. We recently re-measured the electromagnetic character of the ΔI=1 transitions connecting the one- to zero-phonon and the two- to one-phonon wobbling bands in 135Pr, showing their predominant M1 magnetic character, which is in contradiction with the wobbling interpretation. These new experimental results, which were reproduced by either the quasiparticle-plus-triaxial-rotor model and interacting boson-fermion model calculations, are against the previously proposed wobbling nature of the low-spin bands in 135Pr. On the other hand, we obtained conclusive experimental evidence for the theoretically proposed transverse wobbling bands at medium spin in 136Nd. The comparison of the experimental data with calculations using the triaxial projected shell model as well as a new particle-rotor model with frozen orthogonal geometry of the active nucleons, supports the description in terms of transverse wobbling of medium-spin bands in triaxial even-even nuclei.
A Review and Comparative Study of Differential Evolution Algorithms in Solving Inverse Kinematics of Mobile Manipulator
Authors: Li Minghao , Qiao Lijun
Published: May 2023

Mobile manipulator robots have become important pieces of equipment due to the high mobility of mobile subsystems and the high flexibility of manipulator subsystems. Considering the increasing degrees of freedom and the need to avoid singular locations, one of the most challenging problems is solving the inverse kinematics problem of mobile manipulator robots (IKMM). Of all the popular optimization algorithms, the differential evolution (DE) algorithm is the most effective method for quickly solving the IKMM problem with sufficient solutions. Currently, many strategies have been proposed for DE algorithms to improve the performance of solving mathematical problems; some symmetry strategies or symmetry functions have been introduced to DE algorithms. However, the effects of various DE algorithms on solving the actual IKMM lack a comprehensive explanation. Therefore, we divide various DE algorithms into three categories considering the control parameter selection and compare the specific optimization of various DE algorithms. Then, we compare the performance of various DE algorithms when solving the inverse kinematics problems of mobile manipulators with different degrees of freedom. Considering the effectiveness and the speed of the DE algorithm on the IKMM problem, we determine the best DE algorithm by comparing the error and time required to reach 100 random mission points and tracking the typical trajectories. Finally, the best-performing DE method is further improved by studying the selection of fundamental parameters in the best DE algorithm. Valuable conclusions are obtained from these experimental simulations, which can help with choosing an algorithm that is suitable for solving the inverse kinematics problem of mobile manipulator robots in practice.
Relapse after Orthodontic-Surgical Treatment: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: Matos João , Travassos Raquel , Caramelo Francisco , Ribeiro Madalena Prata , Marques Filipa , Marto Carlos Miguel , Paula Anabela Baptista , Nunes Catarina , Francisco Inês , Vale Francisco
Published: May 2023

Long-term stability is a crucial point in order to keep the patient’s aesthetic and functional balance. The aim of this study was to evaluate dental and skeletal relapse in patients who underwent orthodontic-surgical treatment. This retrospective study included 25 patients who corrected their dentofacial deformity through orthodontics and orthognathic surgery. The dental casts and lateral cephalograms were evaluated prior to orthodontic treatment (T0), final of orthodontic-surgical treatment (T1) and long-term retention phase (T2). The Wilcoxon test with p-value corrected by the Benjamini–Hochberg method was used to assess differences between the groups. The influence of retention duration was assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis method. The association of nominal variables and differences between quantitative variables were assessed using the Fisher and Mann–Whitney tests, respectively. No dental or skeletal variable presented statistically significant differences between the final orthodontic-surgical treatment and the long-term retention phase. Eight patients presented dental relapse (32–95% CI [12.4%; 51.7%]), but no skeletal relapse was observed in any of the 25 individuals. The type of malocclusion did not influence the relapse rate of orthodontic-surgical treatment (Fisher, p = 0.202). No differences were found between the different retention times, sex and age at the end of treatment. Orthodontic-surgical treatment showed long-term stability in the present study group.
Complexity Review of NIMBY Conflict: Characteristics, Mechanism and Evolution Simulation
Authors: Cui Luxin , Chen Yu , Wang Xing , Liu Shiyu
Published: May 2023

In the process of modernization and urbanization, some government projects or facilities with negative externalities have caused the psychology of residents nearby to “Not in My Backyard” (NIMBY). That is, adopting strong and resolute, sometimes highly emotional collective opposition or even resistance behavior. This triggered a NIMBY conflict. From the perspective of Complexity, this study re-examines the characteristics and evolution mechanism of NIMBY conflict and draws the following conclusions: (1) NIMBY conflict is a complex system that interacts between multiple subjects and the environment; (2) Adaptability is the driving force for the evolution of NIMBY conflict. Through detectors, regularizers, and effectors, NIMBY subjects can be encouraged to gradually adapt to changes in the external environment and maximize their own interests; (3) In NIMBY conflict, the government conflict response method is more important than the intervention time. Residents’ communication efficiency and connection probability will affect residents’ behavior choices. The lower the residents’ communication efficiency, the less likely it is to form a NIMBY conflict.
Battlefield Tourism: Exploring the Successful Marriage of History and Unforgettable Experiences: A Systematic Review
Authors: García-Madurga Miguel-Ángel , Grilló-Méndez Ana-Julia
Published: May 2023

Battlefield tourism is an increasingly popular form of travel, where visitors seek to connect with history and cultural heritage by exploring locations famous for their battles. Battle tourism is found in different places, specifically, those involved in ancient world battles. Research has shown that battle tourism has a significant impact on local economies as visitors spend money in hotels, restaurants, and shops. It has also proven to be an effective tool for education, allowing visitors to learn about history in an interactive and exciting manner. However, there are also concerns about the impact of battle tourism on historic sites and how cultural sensitivity is managed. Our research discusses battle tourism, including its economic and educational impacts, as well as the challenges and opportunities in managing tourism at these historic sites. In addition, it discusses how battlefield tourism relates to other types of historical tourism and how visitors’ experiences in these places can be enhanced. With these objectives, the main success stories referenced in the academic bibliography have been analyzed from a systematic review conducted using the PRISMA methodology.
Acute Toxic Effects of Tetrodotoxin in Mice via Intramuscular Injection and Oral Gavage
Authors: Wang Fan , Zhang Fuhai , Song Juxingsi , Zou Shuaijun , Li Jie , Huang Yichao , Zhang Liming , Wang Qianqian
Published: May 2023

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a highly fatal marine biotoxin. Constantly increasing intoxications and the lack of specific antitoxic drugs in clinical applications highlight the need for further research into the toxic effects of TTX. Current reports on poisoning cases and the TTX toxicity mechanism suggest that the blocking of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) by TTX is probably reversible, but direct evidence of this is lacking, as far as we are aware. This study explored the acute toxic effects of TTX at sub-lethal doses via different routes, analyzing variations in muscle strength and TTX concentration in the blood in mice. We found that the loss of muscle strength in mice caused by TTX was dose-dependent and reversible, and the death time and muscle strength variations after oral gavage with TTX appeared to occur later and were more variable than those after intramuscular injection. In conclusion, we systematically compared the acute toxic effects of TTX for two different administration routes at sub-lethal doses, directly verifying the reversible reaction of TTX blocking VGSCs and speculating that averting a complete block of VGSCs by TTX could be an effective strategy for preventing death from TTX poisoning. This work may provide data for the diagnosis and treatment of TTX poisoning.
Alternative Non-Drug Treatment Options of the Most Neglected Parasitic Disease Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Orabi Mohamed A. A. , Lahiq Ahmed A. , Awadh Ahmed Abdullah Al , Alshahrani Mohammed Merae , Abdel-Wahab Basel A. , Abdel-Sattar El-Shaymaa
Published: May 2023

With more than 12 million cases worldwide, leishmaniasis is one of the top 10 neglected tropical diseases. According to the WHO, there are approximately 2 million new cases each year in foci in around 90 countries, of which 1.5 million are cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a complex cutaneous condition that is caused by a variety of Leishmania species, including L. (Leishmania) major, L. (L) tropica, L. (L) aethiopica, L. (L) mexicana, L. (Viannia) braziliensis, and L. (L) amazonensis. The disease imposes a significant burden on those who are affected since it typically results in disfiguring scars and extreme social stigma. There are no vaccines or preventive treatments available, and chemotherapeutic medications, including antimonials, amphotericin B, miltefosine, paromomycin, pentamidine, and antifungal medications, have a high price tag, a significant risk of developing drug resistance, and a variety of systemic toxicities. To work around these limitations, researchers are continuously looking for brand-new medications and other forms of therapy. To avoid toxicity with systemic medication use, high cure rates have been observed using local therapy techniques such as cryotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and thermotherapy, in addition to some forms of traditional therapies, including leech and cauterization therapies. These CL therapeutic strategies are emphasized and assessed in this review to help with the process of locating the appropriate species-specific medicines with fewer side effects, lower costs, and elevated cure rates.
Leishmaniasis: Immune Cells Crosstalk in Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Almeida Fernanda Silva , Vanderley Shayenne Eduarda Ramos , Comberlang Fernando Cézar , Andrade Arthur Gomes de , Cavalcante-Silva Luiz Henrique Agra , Silva Edson dos Santos , Palmeira Pedro Henrique de Sousa , Amaral Ian P. G. do , Keesen Tatjana S. L.
Published: May 2023

Leishmaniasis is a complex infectious parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, belonging to a group of neglected tropical diseases. It establishes significant global health challenges, particularly in socio-economically disadvantaged regions. Macrophages, as innate immune cells, play a crucial role in initiating the inflammatory response against the pathogens responsible for this disease. Macrophage polarization, the process of differentiating macrophages into pro-inflammatory (M1) or anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotypes, is essential for the immune response in leishmaniasis. The M1 phenotype is associated with resistance to Leishmania infection, while the M2 phenotype is predominant in susceptible environments. Notably, various immune cells, including T cells, play a significant role in modulating macrophage polarization by releasing cytokines that influence macrophage maturation and function. Furthermore, other immune cells can also impact macrophage polarization in a T-cell-independent manner. Therefore, this review comprehensively examines macrophage polarization’s role in leishmaniasis and other immune cells’ potential involvement in this intricate process.
Epidemiology of Respiratory Infections during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Principi Nicola , Autore Giovanni , Ramundo Greta , Esposito Susanna
Published: May 2023

To face the COVID-19 outbreak, a wide range of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) aimed at limiting the spread of the virus in communities, such as mask-wearing, hand hygiene, social distancing, travel restrictions, and school closures, were introduced in most countries. Thereafter, a significant reduction of new asymptomatic and symptomatic COVID-19 cases occurred, although there were differences between countries according to the type and duration of the NPIs. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by significant variations in the global incidence of diseases due to the most common non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory viruses and some bacteria. In this narrative review, the epidemiology of the most common non-SARS-CoV-2 respiratory infections during the COVID-19 pandemic is detailed. Moreover, factors that could have had a role in modifying the traditional circulation of respiratory pathogens are discussed. A literature analysis shows that NPIs were the most important cause of the general reduction in the incidence of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infection in the first year of the pandemic, although the different sensitivity of each virus to NPIs, the type and duration of measures used, as well as the interference among viruses may have played a role in modulating viral circulation. Reasons for the increase in the incidences of Streptococcus pneumoniae and group A Streptococcus infections seem strictly linked to immunity debt and the role played by NPIs in reducing viral infections and limiting bacterial superimposed infections. These results highlight the importance of NPIs during pandemics, the need to monitor the circulation of infectious agents that cause diseases similar to those caused by pandemic agents, and the need to make efforts to improve coverage with available vaccines.
False-Positive Screening and Confirmatory HIV Diagnostic Test in a Patient with Cured SARS-CoV-2 Infection Is Not Mediated by Env/Spike Cross-Reactive Antibodies
Authors: Elsner Carina , Appeltrath Gwenllian A. , Konik Margarethe , Parreuter Janine , Broecker-Preuss Martina , Krawczyk Adalbert , Esser Stefan , Sammet Stefanie , Karsten Christina B.
Published: May 2023

Acute SARS-CoV-2 infection has been associated with false-positive HIV screening tests. The underlying mechanism is unclear, and for clinical cases, evidence beyond a temporal connection is missing. However, several experimental studies point toward SARS-CoV-2 spike/HIV-1 envelope (Env) cross-reactive antibodies (Abs) as a cause. Here, we present the first case of an individual with convalescent SARS-CoV-2 infection testing false positive in both an HIV screening and confirmatory test. Longitudinal sampling showed that the phenomenon was temporary but lasted for at least 3 months before waning. After excluding a multitude of common determinants for assay interference, we further show by antibody depletion studies that SARS-CoV-2-spike-specific Abs did not cross-react with HIV-1 gp120 in the patient sample. No additional case of HIV test interference was identified in a cohort of 66 individuals who presented to a post-COVID-19 outpatient clinic. We conclude the SARS-CoV-2-associated HIV test interference to be a temporary process capable of disturbing both screening and confirmatory assays. The assay interference is short-lived and/or rare but should be considered by physicians as a possible explanation for unexpected HIV diagnostic results in patients with a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Interactions of Equine Viruses with the Host Kinase Machinery and Implications for One Health and Human Disease
Authors: Anderson Carol , Baha Haseebullah , Boghdeh Niloufar , Barrera Michael , Alem Farhang , Narayanan Aarthi
Published: May 2023

Zoonotic pathogens that are vector-transmitted have and continue to contribute to several emerging infections globally. In recent years, spillover events of such zoonotic pathogens have increased in frequency as a result of direct contact with livestock, wildlife, and urbanization, forcing animals from their natural habitats. Equines serve as reservoir hosts for vector-transmitted zoonotic viruses that are also capable of infecting humans and causing disease. From a One Health perspective, equine viruses, therefore, pose major concerns for periodic outbreaks globally. Several equine viruses have spread out of their indigenous regions, such as West Nile virus (WNV) and equine encephalitis viruses (EEVs), making them of paramount concern to public health. Viruses have evolved many mechanisms to support the establishment of productive infection and to avoid host defense mechanisms, including promoting or decreasing inflammatory responses and regulating host machinery for protein synthesis. Viral interactions with the host enzymatic machinery, specifically kinases, can support the viral infectious process and downplay innate immune mechanisms, cumulatively leading to a more severe course of the disease. In this review, we will focus on how select equine viruses interact with host kinases to support viral multiplication.
The Dimeric Peptide (KKYRYHLKPF)2K Shows Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activity by Inhibiting Different Steps of Chikungunya and Zika Virus Infection
Authors: Ayusso Gabriela Miranda , Lima Maria Letícia Duarte , da Silva Sanches Paulo Ricardo , Santos Igor Andrade , Martins Daniel Oliveira Silva , da Conceição Pâmela Jóyce Previdelli , Carvalho Tamara , da Costa Vivaldo Gomes , Bittar Cíntia , Merits Andres , Santos-Filho Norival Alves , Cilli Eduardo Maffud , Jardim Ana Carolina Gomes , de Freitas Calmon Marilia , Rahal Paula
Published: May 2023

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) are important disease-causing agents worldwide. Currently, there are no antiviral drugs or vaccines approved to treat these viruses. However, peptides have shown great potential for new drug development. A recent study described (p-BthTX-I)2K [(KKYRYHLKPF)2K], a peptide derived from the Bothropstoxin-I toxin in the venom of the Bothrops jararacussu snake, showed antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we assessed the activity of this peptide against CHIKV and ZIKV and its antiviral action in the different stages of the viral replication cycle in vitro. We observed that (p-BthTX-I)2K impaired CHIKV infection by interfering with the early steps of the viral replication cycle, reducing CHIKV entry into BHK-21 cells specifically by reducing both the attachment and internalization steps. (p-BthTX-I)2K also inhibited the ZIKV replicative cycle in Vero cells. The peptide protected the cells against ZIKV infection and decreased the levels of the viral RNA and the NS3 protein of this virus at viral post-entry steps. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of the (p-BthTX-I)2K peptide to be a novel broad-spectrum antiviral candidate that targets different steps of the replication cycle of both CHIKV and ZIKV.
Molecular Characterization of Canine Parvovirus Variants CPV-2a and CPV-2c, Associated with Vaccinated Dogs at Libreville, Gabon
Authors: Maganga Gael Darren , Labouba Ingrid , Milendz Ikapi Serda Zita , Nkili-Meyong Andriniaina Andy , Ngonga Dikongo Audrey Michel , Boundenga Larson , Ngoubangoye Barthelemy , Memvie Christelle , Kumulungui Brice Serge
Published: May 2023

The first detection of canine parvovirus type-2 (CPV-2) was in the early 1970s, when it was known to cause severe gastroenteritis in dogs. However, it has evolved over the years into CPV-2a within 2 years, into CPV-2b after 14 years, into CPV-2c after 16 years and more recently CPV-2a-, 2b- and 2c-like variants reported in 2019, with a global distribution. Reports on the molecular epidemiology of this virus are missing in most African countries. The report of clinical cases among vaccinated dogs in Libreville in Gabon triggered the execution of this study. The objective of this study was to characterize circulating variants from dogs showing clinical signs suggestive of CPV that were examined by a veterinarian. A total of eight (8) fecal swab samples were collected, and all had positive PCR results. Sequencing, Blast analysis and assembly of two whole genomes and eight partial VP2 sequences were performed, and the sequences submitted to GenBank. Genetic characterization revealed the presence of CPV-2a and CPV-2c variants with predominance of the former. Phylogenetically, the Gabonese CPVs formed distinct groups similar to Zambian CPV-2c and Australian CPV-2a sequences. The antigenic variants CPV-2a and CPV-2c have not yet been reported in Central Africa. However, these CPV-2 variants circulate in young, vaccinated dogs in Gabon. These results suggest additional epidemiological and genomic studies are required in order to evaluate the occurrence of different CPV variants in Gabon and effectiveness of the commercial vaccines used against protoparvovirus in the country.
Vaccination against HBV and HAV as Mode of Hepatitis Prevention among People Living with HIV—Data from ECEE Network Group
Authors: Aimla Kerstin , Kowalska Justyna Dominika , Matulionyte Raimonda , Mulabdic Velida , Vassilenko Anna , Bolokadze Natalie , Jilich David , Antoniak Sergii , Oprea Cristiana , Balayan Tatevik , Harxhi Arjan , Papadopoulos Antonios , Lakatos Botond , Vasylyev Marta , Begovac Josip , Yancheva Nina , Streinu-Cercel Anca , Verhaz Antonija , Gokengin Deniz , Dragovic Gordana , Sojak Lubomir , Skrzat-Klapaczyńska Agata
Published: May 2023

(1) Background: Viral hepatitis C (HCV) and viral hepatitis B (HBV) are common co-infections in people living with HIV (PLWH). All PLWH should be vaccinated against HBV and hepatitis A (HAV) and treated for HBV and HCV. We aimed to compare testing, prophylaxis and treatment of viral hepatitis in PLWH in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) in 2019 and 2022. (2) Methods: Data was collected through two on-line surveys conducted in 2019 and 2022 among 18 countries of the Euroguidelines in CEE (ECEE) Network Group. (3) Results: In all 18 countries the standard of care was to screen all PLWH for HBV and HCV both years; screening of HAV was routine in 2019 in 54.5% and in 2022 47.4% of clinics. Vaccination of PLWH against HAV was available in 2019 in 16.7%, in 2022 in 22.2% countries. Vaccination against HBV was available routinely and free of charge in 50% of clinics both in 2019 and 2022. In HIV/HBV co-infected the choice of NRTI was tenofovir-based in 94.4% of countries in both years. All clinics that responded had access to direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) but 50% still had limitations for treatment. (4) Conclusions: Although testing for HBV and HCV was good, testing for HAV is insufficient. Vaccination against HBV and especially against HAV has room for improvement; furthermore, HCV treatment access needs to overcome restrictions.
Evaluation of a Tilt-Based Monitoring System for Rainfall-Induced Landslides: Development and Physical Modelling
Authors: Paswan Abhishek Prakash , Shrivastava Amit Kumar
Published: May 2023

Landslides in northern India are a frequently occurring risk during the rainy season resulting in human, animal, and property losses as well as obstructing transportation facilities. Usually, numerical and analytical approaches are applied to predicting and monitoring landslides, but the unpredictable nature of rainfall-induced landslides limits these methods. Sensor-based monitoring is an accurate and reliable method, and it also collects accurate and site-specific required data for further investigation with a numerical and analytical approach. This study developed a low-cost tilt-based rainfall-induced landslide monitoring system using the economical and precise MEMS sensor to record displacement and volumetric water content. A self-developed direct shear-based testing setup was used to check the system’s operational performance. A physical slope model was also prepared to test the monitoring system in real scenarios. A debris failure occurred at Kotrupi village in the Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh, India, which was chosen for the modelling to investigate the failure mechanism. A rainfall generator was developed to simulate the rainfall, equipped with a flow sensor for better simulation and data recording. The tilt angle records the deviation in terms of angle with a least count of 0.01 degrees, and the moisture content was recorded in terms of percentage with a least count of 1. The results show that the developed system is working properly and is very effective in monitoring the rainfall-induced landslide as it monitors the gradual and sudden movement effectively. This study explains the mechanism behind the landslide, and it can be helpful in monitoring the slope to enable the implementation of preventative actions that will mitigate its impact.
A Review of Nitrogen Export and Its Eco-Environmental Significance in the Superficial Karst Desertification Zone
Authors: Xiong Kangning , Zhang Renkai , Liu Ziqi , Lyu Xiaoxi , Hu Chenpeng
Published: May 2023

Epikarst is connected with a “binary” geological structure, and the hydrogeochemical processes are complex. Nutrients play an important role in the restoration of the surface ecosystem in the desertification area, which is prone to loss and leakage, and the transport and transformation of nitrogen is crucial to the growth and development of plants in the ecosystem and the safety of drinking water for the residents. In this study, we reviewed nitrogen research in the past 20 years in the “Web of Science (WOS)” and “China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI)”, and we reviewed nitrogen research in the following areas. From the results of the systematic review, (1) We found that nitrogen-related research literature has been growing over time, and the growth has been faster in the past five years, mainly in the fields of agriculture, public health, and environmental science; (2) In karst water systems, researchers are mostly concerned with the sources of nitrate, distribution characteristics, and pollution of karst water, and the dual isotope techniques of δ15N and δ18O are used to identify these; (3) In karst water systems, surface water bodies and underground rivers are the main objects of study, relatively few studies have been conducted on karst springs, and NO3−-N, NO2−-N, and NH4+-N are the main forms of nitrogen presence. The study of nitrogen in karst water systems ignores the unique subsurface leakage problem of karst areas, and the study of the relationship between nitrogen and nutrient leakage in karst water systems should be strengthened for karst desertification management and ecological restoration. This review may provide some insights for researchers working in related fields.
Knowledge Domain and Development Trend of Urban Flood Vulnerability Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Lu Shuang , Huang Jianyun , Wu Jing
Published: May 2023

Floods have become the most prevalent and catastrophic natural hazard that plagues cities worldwide. As an inherent characteristic of an urban system that reflects the degree of effect of flooding and the capacity to cope with it, urban flood vulnerability is of great significance when analyzing and managing flood disasters. To produce a better profile of the current status and the development trend of urban flood vulnerability research, this study conducted a bibliometric analysis using CiteSpace software based on 1134 articles sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The results showed that the annual publication number exhibited an ascending trajectory, which was characterized by three stages: the sprouting stage, the stable development stage and the rapid development stage. The United States, China and England were the most productive countries. Among the top co-cited journals were Natural Hazards, Natural Hazards and Earth System Science, Global Environmental Change and the Journal of Hydrology. In addition, the focus of this research can be succinctly summarized as vulnerability assessments and mapping, the impact of climate change and urbanization on urban flood vulnerability and the integration of urban flood vulnerability with flood risk and urban resilience. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the current status and development trends of research related to urban flood vulnerability, and it contributes an understanding of the key areas of focus in this field as well as insights into potential prospects for future investigation for researchers and practitioners.
PENANGANAN LIMBAH MEDIS PADAT DAN LIMBAH MEDIS CAIR
Authors: Septiani Rida Almira , Nurhayati Ati , Pujiono Pujiono
Published: May 2023

Rumah duka X merupakan salah satu tempat yang digunakan untuk kegiatan kedukaan di Kota Bandung. Kegiatan yang berlangsung di rumah duka X melibatkan banyak orang sehingga pengendalian kesehatan harus diperhatikan guna mencegah terjadinya penularan penyakit dari limbah medis padat dan cair yang dihasilkan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui penanganan limbah medis padat dan limbah medis cair di rumah duka X. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan metode observasi kondisi rumah duka, serta dilakukan metode survey dengan adanya suatu riset yang dilengkapi dengan nilai atau angka hasil observasi. Hasil penelitian di rumah duka terdapat kegiatan pemandian jenazah yang menghasilkan limbah medis padat dengan rata-rata besar timbulan sebesar 1,41 kg/hari dan limbah medis cair dengan besar volume 200 liter/pemandian jenazah. Rumah duka X belum sepenuhnya menjalankan penanganan yang sesuai dengan ketentuan, dimana terdapat hasil 75% tidak memenuhi syarat pada tahap penanganan limbah medis padat, dan 50% tidak memenuhi syarat pada tahap penanganan limbah medis cair. Rumah duka X disarankan dapat menjalankan penanganan limbah medis padat dan limbah medis cair sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku, yaitu menyediakan kantong plastik warnanya disesuaikan dengan karakteristik limbah untuk pewadahan, memasang label peringatan limbah B3, memisahkan TPS dan bak penampung sementara antara limbah medis dengan limbah domestik, serta segera menyelesaikan perizinan penanganan limbah B3 agar dapat menjalankan penanganan dengan baik.
The Effect of Foreign Exchange Differences on the Statement of Cash Flow Analytical Study
Authors: YILDIZ Ferah , İSMAİLOĞLU Yusran , TOPTAN Merve , YANIK Ahmet
Published: May 2023

This study investigates the effect of foreign exchanges differences on the cash flow statement, the applied part of this study depends on the actual real data of one of the banks in Syria related to 2013. There have been significant fluctuations in exchange rates as a result of the Syrian crisis, these fluctuations have affected all financial transactions, especially banks transactions. The study aims to investigate that effect on the cash flow statement practically to provide more transparency and fairness with related to the statement of cash flow. This investigation has been done depending on the financial statements of an Islamic bank located in Syria for the year 2013, during the investigation it has been noticed that some accounts in foreign currency have been fixed balances with no changes during the year such as deposits, but because of the fluctuations in foreign exchange rates those accounts have shown a change in the balance in local currency, which was reflected on the financial statements, especially cash flows statement. The main conclusion of this study is that changes in foreign exchange rates that affect the value of fixed balances should be considered separate from actual changes and should not be included in the preparation of financial statements. Instead, they should be shown as separate items, specifically in the cash flow statement. Additionally, the study recommends that these effects should be disclosed and explained in the financial report to provide more transparency, clarity, and fairness for readers.
Requirement-Oriented TT&C Method for Satellite Based on BDS-3 Short-Message Communication System
Authors: Li Chao , Liu Peijie , Fu Shiyuan , Jiao Yiwen , Zhang Wei
Published: May 2023

With the increasing number of satellites being launched in China, the demand for Telemetry, Tracking, and Command (TT&C) resources is also increasing. Because of the global coverage and resource requirements of TT&C management, this paper proposes a TT&C scheme based on the Global Short-Message Communication System (GSMCS) of the BeiDou-3 Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3). The system composition, workflow, and functions of satellite TT&C are analyzed using the GSMCS of BDS-3. Through the coverage analysis of the Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) constellation of BDS-3, scheme’s applicability is pointed out, and the correctness of the analysis results is verified via simulation. The value range of the link distance is derived by calculating the range of the distance variation between any 2 satellites in the BDS-3 MEO constellation and combining the intersatellite routing scheme. The calculation results show that the response time range of the autonomous request management application of in-orbit satellites based on the GSMCS of BDS-3 is 1.407 to 2.448 s. This can meet the requirements of TT&C service.
An Analysis of the Studies on the Effect of Language Transfer on Teaching Turkish as a Foreign Language
Authors: KAYA Musa
Published: May 2023

The present research, meticulously constructed to scrutinize the studies related to
language transfer in teaching Turkish as a foreign language from various perspectives,
employed a qualitative research methodology. Data were gathered utilizing a document
analysis technique, and the interpretation of the gathered data was conducted employing
a descriptive analytical approach. The studies conducted on the effect of language
transfer on teaching Turkish as a foreign language (TTAFL) were examined in terms of type,
year, learning fields, language level, distribution by country, and how the transfer is
discussed. It was found that 61.8% (f=81) of the scientific studies on the transfer in TTAFL
are articles, 30.5% (f=40) are master’s theses, 6.1% (f=8) are doctoral theses, and 1.5%
(f=2) are academic papers. The first study on this subject was observed to have been
conducted in 1998, the maximum number of studies (f=25) was carried out in 2019, and
there has been a significant increase in interest in the subject since 2007. The maximum
number of studies by nationality (f=29) was carried out on Syrians, followed by Afghani,
Palestinian, Kazakh, Iraqi, and Bosnian students. 95 studies focused on the learning of
writing, 35 on speaking, 18 on reading, 11 on listening, and seven on grammar. Six articles,
two master’s theses and a doctoral thesis, a total of nine studies, in which the language
transfer was presented under different headings, were identified; and there was no
classification in 122 studies.
Discrete-Time Gompertz Model for Adana Breed Pigeons
Authors: ÖZBEK Levent
Published: May 2023

The mathematical animal growth models in the literature are not in the form of linear models. These growth models in the literature are not in linear form. There are different numerical analysis methods for the estimation of the parameters found in these functions and specific software have been produced to estimate the unknown parameters in these mathematical models and to apply these methods. In these nonlinear mathematical growth models, there may be more than one parameter. For these and other reasons, the number of mathematical numerical operations in estimating parameters is quite high. In this study, the discrete time stochastic Gompertz model (DTSGM) was considered to determine the growth of Adana pigeons. A model is used in which the parameter in the model is estimated by an adaptive Kalman filter (AKF). The aim of this research is to reveal the validity of both the model and the estimation method for Adana breed domestic pigeons. Daily weight measurements of 28 Adana pigeons were considered and estimated using DTSGM and AKF methods in this framework. DTSGM in conjunction with AKF has been shown to provide a convenient analysis tool for modeling daily weight estimates of Adana pigeons.
Tree to predict if students want to continue with their high school studies by implementing machine learning
Authors: López-García Lourdes
Published: May 2023

The timely identification of students who do not wish to continue their high school studies is a problem that should be addressed urgently since it is possible to recognize those factors that are determining their decision, through the psychologists of the educational institutions can offer personalized advice to each student. To address this problem, a decision tree was developed using machine learning techniques to predict whether students are interested in continuing with their high school studies, a data set of student performance in secondary education was implemented. The data attributes include social demographic characteristics and are related to two schools, collected through school reports and questionnaires.
Bakaikuko euskal hitzak, esaerak etab.
Authors: Ondarra Frantzisko
Published: May 2023

Lan honetan Bakaikun bilduak izan ziren euskarazko gaiak ematen dira. 1970 urtearen inguruan egindako lanaren fruitu dira, 1951 urtekorik ere badela. Orain arte argitaratu gabe egon dira, salbuespenen bat izan arren. Informatzaileek esan bezala jasotzen eta eskaintzen ahalegindu gara. Zati nagusia hitzen aurkezpenak osatzen du, horiekin batera fonetika eta morfosintaxiko gertakari asko agertzen direla. Toponima, oikonimia, gramatika, aditz-formak, esaerek eta ipuinek betetzen dute beste zatia. Espero dugu herri euskararen ezaguera handitu egingo dela diakronian.
Historia social e institucional de las lenguas (especialmente del euskera) en Fontes Linguae Vasconum (1969-2005)
Authors: Jimeno Aranguren Roldán
Published: May 2023

Se analizan los artículos publicados en Fontes Linguae Vasconum en torno a la Historia social e institucional de las lenguas, siendo el euskera la principal de ellas. Se realiza un recorrido por las diferentes épocas históricas, subrayando en cada caso los trabajos más significativos que, desde diferentes disciplinas y metodologías, se han venido publicando. Se incluye una bibliografía final a la que remiten todas las citas mencionadas a lo largo del estudio.
La copla de Etxaleku
Authors: Urrizola Hualde Ricardo
Published: May 2023

En el presente artículo se da noticia de una copla en euskera cantada por los vecinos del navarro pueblo de Etxaleku. Por el año en que fue compuesta, 1491, puede ser considerada como el cantar vasco más antiguo recogido en territorio navarro, pues es anterior a los versos que se cantaron en honor a los reyes Juan de Labrit y Catalina de Navarra que dio a la luz Francisco Alesón en los Annales de Navarra, fechados en 1494. La copla de Etxaleku es una composición burlona hacia un hombre que, tras quedarse sin bienes y ser abandonado por su mujer, desaparece del pueblo sin rumbo conocido.
Erronkari eta Ansoko toponimiaz zenbait ohar
Authors: Lopez-Mugartza Iriarte Juan Karlos
Published: May 2023

Erronkaribarko eta Anso Ibarreko toponimiaren azterketak erakusten duenez Nafarroako ekialdeko muga herri eta kultura anitzen bilgunea izan dela. Herri hauen behar komunikatiboak antzekoak ziren, baina hainbat hizkuntza diferente erabili behar zituzten haiek asetzeko; alde batetik, latinetiko bi hizkuntza (gaskoiera eta nafar-aragoiera) eta beste alde batetik erromatarren aurreko hizkuntza zahar baten bi euskalki (erronkariera eta zuberera).

Euskara oraindik bizirik dago Ansoko toponimian (aztertu diren leku izenen %23 euskaratikoak edo euskarak eragindakoak dira), eta, ordainez, nafar-aragoiera bizirik dago Erronkaribarko toponimian. Lur hauetako toponimiaren azterketatik ondorioztatzen denez, Anso ibarrean Behe Erdi Aroan erabiltzen zen euskarak inguruko euskaren ezaugarri semantiko eta morfologiko berberak ez, baina oso antzekoak izanen zituela. Orobat, erronkarierarekin antzekotasun fonetikoak izanen zituen azentuari eta tinbreari zegokienez.

Hala eta guztiz ere, ikusteke dago ea erronkariera horren urrunkor egin duten ezaugarri bereizleak Anson bertan ere gertatzen ote ziren. Ez dirudi hala denik, ordea. Alde batetik, agiriren bidez erlazio hori baieztatzeko modurik ez dago eta, bestetik, erronkarieraren garapen bokalikoak, sabaikaritze bereziak, asimilazioak, oso bizkortasun handikoak dira. Asimilazioa, zubererarengan baitan ere, ez da ezta heltzen ere erronkarierarengan heltzen den lekuetara, bizitasun handikoa baita. Nekez onar daiteke, garapen horiek guztiak gertatzen zirela, hiltzear zegoen XVI. mendeko Ansoko euskaraz. Dena den, toponimoek ematen diguten informazioa kontuan harturik, argi eta garbi nabaritzen da Erronkariko eta Ansoko toponimoak, hango euskarak, itur bakar batetik, enbor beretik atera zirela. Izan ere, morfologiak eta atzizkien eta oinarri lexikoen azterketak erakusten digunez, batzuen eta besteen jokabideak oso antzekoak ziren. Honek esan nahi dezake frankoen menperakun - tzaren eta Nafarroako eta Aragoiko erreinuan sorreraren eta indartzearen urte - ak gertatu arte, bi ibar hauen erlazio oso estua izan zela eta, orduan bai, an - tzeko euskara erabiltzen zutela.
Los modos impersonales del verbo vasco
Authors: Domene Verdú José Fernando
Published: May 2023

Los modos impersonales vascos utilizaron la 3ª persona singular de nominativo y ergativo del pasado para nombrar a los verbos, es decir, como infinitivo, y no al contrario, como se ha propuesto recientemente. La raíz verbal se utilizaría como infinitivo en la época más primitiva, pero después se utilizó la 3ª persona singular de nominativo y ergativo del pasado, formada sólo por el radical. Los modos impersonales primitivos fueron, entonces, el infinitivo, formado sólo por el radical (el prefijo e- más la raíz, con morfema ø), al que se le añadió el sufijo derivativo -te para formar el sustantivo verbal; el sufijo -i para formar el participio o adjetivo verbal, ya que el sufijo -i tendría la función de adjetivizar otras palabras y está presente en muchos adjetivos antiguos; y el caso inesivo del sustantivo verbal, con sufijo -n añadido al -te, se utilizó como gerundio.
Des inégalités pour atteindre l’excellence dans l’enseignement supérieur et la recherche ?
Authors: Harroche Audrey
Published: May 2023

Afin d’améliorer la compétitivité du système d’enseignement supérieur et de recherche, l’État a effectué des investissements ciblés à l’échelle des établissements au nom de l’excellence. Les initiatives d’excellence (IDEX) constituent la mesure principale de cette réforme. Il s’agit d’un appel à projets qui concentre des fonds importants et de façon pérenne sur moins de dix consortiums universitaires. Dans cet article, nous montrons de quelle façon les IDEX remanient les écarts entre les établissements, comment elles amplifient les inégalités et en créent de nouvelles, à l’intérieur des universités.