bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reducing Power Line Interference from sEMG Signals Based on Synchrosqueezed Wavelet Transform
Authors: Chen Jingcheng , Sun Yining , Sun Shaoming , Yao Zhiming
Published: May 2023

Power line interference (PLI) is a major source of noise in sEMG signals. As the bandwidth of PLI overlaps with the sEMG signals, it can easily affect the interpretation of the signal. The processing methods used in the literature are mostly notch filtering and spectral interpolation. However, it is difficult for the former to reconcile the contradiction between completely filtering and avoiding signal distortion, while the latter performs poorly in the case of a time-varying PLI. To solve these, a novel synchrosqueezed-wavelet-transform (SWT)-based PLI filter is proposed. The local SWT was developed to reduce the computation cost while maintaining the frequency resolution. A ridge location method based on an adaptive threshold is presented. In addition, two ridge extraction methods (REMs) are proposed to fit different application requirements. Parameters were optimized before further study. Notch filtering, spectral interpolation, and the proposed filter were evaluated on the simulated signals and real signals. The output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ranges of the proposed filter with two different REMs are 18.53–24.57 and 18.57–26.92. Both the quantitative index and the time–frequency spectrum diagram show that the performance of the proposed filter is significantly better than that of the other filters.
Computational Study of a Motion Sensor to Simultaneously Measure Two Physical Quantities in All Three Directions for a UAV
Authors: Siddique Kamran , Ogami Yoshifumi
Published: June 2023

Cross-axis sensitivity is generally undesirable, and lower values are required for the accurate performance of a thermal accelerometer. In this study, errors in devices are utilized to simultaneously measure two physical quantities of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in the X-, Y-, and Z-directions, i.e., where three accelerations and three rotations can also be simultaneously measured using a single motion sensor. The 3D structures of thermal accelerometers were designed and simulated in a FEM simulator using commercially available FLUENT 18.2 software Obtained temperature responses were correlated with input physical quantities, and a graphical relationship was created between peak temperature values and input accelerations and rotations. Using this graphical representation, any values of acceleration from 1g to 4g and rotational speed from 200 to 1000°/s can be simultaneously measured in all three directions.
SDAA: Secure Data Aggregation and Authentication Using Multiple Sinks in Cluster-Based Underwater Vehicular Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Erskine Samuel Kofi , Chi Hongmei , Elleithy Abdelrahman
Published: June 2023

Security is one of the major concerns while designing robust protocols for underwater sensor networks (UWSNs). The underwater sensor node (USN) is an example of medium access control (MAC) that should control underwater UWSN, and underwater vehicles (UV) combined. Therefore, our proposed method, in this research, investigates UWSN combined with UV optimized as an underwater vehicular wireless network (UVWSN) that can completely detect malicious node attacks (MNA) from the network. Thus, MNA that engages the USN channel and launches MNA is resolved by our proposed protocol through SDAA (secure data aggregation and authentication) protocol deployed in UVWSN. SDAA protocol plays a significant role in secure data communication, as the cluster-based network design (CBND) network organization creates a concise, stable, and energy-efficient network. This paper introduces SDAA optimized network known as UVWSN. In this proposed SDAA protocol, the cluster head (CH) is authenticated through the gateway (GW) and the base station (BS) to guarantee that a legitimate USN oversees all clusters deployed in the UVWSN are securely established for providing trustworthiness/privacy. Furthermore, the communicated data in the UVWSN network guarantee that data transmission is secure due to the optimized SDAA models in the network. Thus, the USNs deployed in the UVWSN are securely confirmed to maintain secure data communication in CBND for energy efficiency. The proposed method is implemented and validated on the UVWSN for measuring reliability, delay, and energy efficiency in the network. The proposed method is utilized for monitoring scenarios for inspecting vehicles or ship structures in the ocean. Based on the testing results, the proposed SDAA protocol methods improve energy efficiency and reduce network delay compared to other standard secure MAC methods.
Detection of Multiple Respiration Patterns Based on 1D SNN from Continuous Human Breathing Signals and the Range Classification Method for Each Respiration Pattern
Authors: Hong Jin-Woo , Kim Seong-Hoon , Han Gi-Tae
Published: June 2023

Human respiratory information is being used as an important source of biometric information that can enable the analysis of health status in the healthcare domain. The analysis of the frequency or duration of a specific respiration pattern and the classification of respiration patterns in the corresponding section for a certain period of time are important for the utilization of respiratory information in various ways. Existing methods require window slide processing to classify sections for each respiration pattern from the breathing data for a certain time period. In this case, when multiple respiration patterns exist within one window, the recognition rate can be lowered. To solve this problem, a 1D Siamese neural network (SNN)-based human respiration pattern detection model and a merge-and-split algorithm for the classification of multiple respiration patterns in each region for all respiration sections are proposed in this study. When calculating the accuracy based on intersection over union (IOU) for the respiration range classification result for each pattern, the accuracy was found to be improved by approximately 19.3% compared with the existing deep neural network (DNN) and 12.4% compared with a 1D convolutional neural network (CNN). The accuracy of detection based on the simple respiration pattern was approximately 14.5% higher than that of the DNN and 5.3% higher than that of the 1D CNN.
Titanium Nitride Modified Fiber Optic Interferometer for Refractive Index Sensitivity Enhancement
Authors: Yi Duo , Zhang Bin , Geng Youfu , Li Xuejin
Published: June 2023

As one of the most well-established biocompatible transition metal nitrides, titanium nitride (TiN) has been widely applied for fiber waveguide coupling device applications. This study proposes a TiN-modified fiber optic interferometer. Benefiting from the unique properties of TiN, including ultrathin nanolayer, high refractive index, and broad-spectrum optical absorption, the refractive index (RI) response of the interferometer is greatly enhanced, which is desired all the time in the field of biosensing. The experimental results show that the deposited TiN nanoparticles (NPs) can enhance the evanescent field excitation and modulate the effective RI difference of the interferometer, which eventually results in the RI response enhancement. Besides, after incorporating the TiN with different concentrations, the resonant wavelength and the RI responses of the interferometer are enhanced to varying degrees. Benefitting from this advantage, the sensing performances, including sensitivity and measurement range, can be flexibly adapted based on different detection requirements. Since RI response can effectively reflect the detection ability of biosensors, the proposed TiN-sensitized fiber optic interferometer can be potentially applied for high-sensitive biosensing applications.
A Left-Null-Space-Based Massive Access Method for Cell-Free Massive MIMO IoT Systems
Authors: Wang Yang , Hu Die
Published: June 2023

Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is a promising technology for the Internet of Things (IoT) because it can increase connectivity and provide considerable energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE). However, pilot contamination caused by pilot reuse severely limits the performance of the system. In this paper, we propose a left-null-space-based massive access method that can significantly reduce interference among users. The proposed method includes three stages: initial orthogonal access, left-null-space-based opportunistic access and data detection of all accessed users. The simulation results show that the proposed method can achieve much higher spectral efficiency than the existing massive access methods.
Design Path for a Social Robot for Emotional Communication for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Authors: Cano Sandra , Díaz-Arancibia Jaime , Arango-López Jeferson , Libreros Julia Elena , García Matías
Published: June 2023

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have deficits in social interaction and expressing and understanding emotions. Based on this, robots for children with ASD have been proposed. However, few studies have been conducted about how to design a social robot for children with ASD. Non-experimental studies have been carried out to evaluate social robots; however, the general methodology that should be used to design a social robot is not clear. This study proposes a design path for a social robot for emotional communication for children with ASD following a user-centered design approach. This design path was applied to a case study and evaluated by a group of experts in psychology, human–robot interaction, and human–computer interaction from Chile and Colombia, as well as parents of children with ASD. Our results show that following the proposed design path for a social robot to communicate emotions for children with ASD is favorable.
Broadband Vibration-Based Energy Harvesting for Wireless Sensor Applications Using Frequency Upconversion
Authors: Li Jinglun , Ouro-Koura Habilou , Arnow Hannah , Nowbahari Arian , Galarza Matthew , Obispo Meg , Tong Xing , Azadmehr Mehdi , Halvorsen Einar , Hella Mona M. , Tichy John A. , Borca-Tasciuc Diana-Andra
Published: June 2023

Silicon-based kinetic energy converters employing variable capacitors, also known as electrostatic vibration energy harvesters, hold promise as power sources for Internet of Things devices. However, for most wireless applications, such as wearable technology or environmental and structural monitoring, the ambient vibration is often at relatively low frequencies (1–100 Hz). Since the power output of electrostatic harvesters is positively correlated to the frequency of capacitance oscillation, typical electrostatic energy harvesters, designed to match the natural frequency of ambient vibrations, do not produce sufficient power output. Moreover, energy conversion is limited to a narrow range of input frequencies. To address these shortcomings, an impacted-based electrostatic energy harvester is explored experimentally. The impact refers to electrode collision and it triggers frequency upconversion, namely a secondary high-frequency free oscillation of the electrodes overlapping with primary device oscillation tuned to input vibration frequency. The main purpose of high-frequency oscillation is to enable additional energy conversion cycles since this will increase the energy output. The devices investigated were fabricated using a commercial microfabrication foundry process and were experimentally studied. These devices exhibit non-uniform cross-section electrodes and a springless mass. The non-uniform width electrodes were used to prevent pull-in following electrode collision. Springless masses from different materials and sizes, such as 0.5 mm diameter Tungsten carbide, 0.8 mm diameter Tungsten carbide, zirconium dioxide, and silicon nitride, were added in an attempt to force collisions over a range of applied frequencies that would not otherwise result in collisions. The results show that the system operates over a relatively wide frequency range (up to 700 Hz frequency range), with the lower limit far below the natural frequency of the device. The addition of the springless mass successfully increased the device bandwidth. For example, at a low peak-to-peak vibration acceleration of 0.5 g (peak-to-peak), the addition of a zirconium dioxide ball doubled the device’s bandwidth. Testing with different balls indicates that the different sizes and material properties have different effects on the device’s performance, altering its mechanical and electrical damping.
Longitudinal and Lateral Control Strategies for Automatic Lane Change to Avoid Collision in Vehicle High-Speed Driving
Authors: Zhang Senlin , Liu Xinyong , Deng Guohong , Ou Jian , Yang Echuan , Yang Shusong , Li Tao
Published: June 2023

The vehicle particle model was built to compare and analyze the effectiveness of three different collision avoidance methods. The results show that during vehicle high-speed emergency collision avoidance, lane change collision avoidance requires a smaller longitudinal distance than braking collision avoidance and is closer to that with a combination of lane change and braking collision avoidance. Based on the above, a double-layer control strategy is proposed to avoid collision when vehicles change lanes at high speed. The quintic polynomial is chosen as the reference path after comparing and analyzing three polynomial reference trajectories. The multiobjective optimized model predictive control is used to track the lateral displacement, and the optimization objective is to minimize the lateral position deviation, yaw rate tracking deviation, and control increment. The lower longitudinal speed tracking control strategy is to control the vehicle drive system and brake system to track the expected speed. Finally, the lane changing conditions and other speed conditions of the vehicle at 120 km/h are verified. The results show that the control strategy can track the longitudinal and lateral trajectories well and achieve effective lane change and collision avoidance.
A Review of Evolving Paradigms in Youth Studies
Authors: Guerrero Puerta Laura
Published: May 2023

This article focuses on the changes experienced by European youth because of the neoliberal globalised model. It analyses the impact of these socio-economic changes on school-to-work transitions and explores different theoretical perspectives (from the linear to pinball models) to understand them from a critical point of view centred on the individual. These transformations have caused the traditional markers of passage to adulthood to become diluted, generating de-standardised trajectories with possible “round-trip” states. The aim is to provide an understanding of youth-related phenomena under models described with the sociology of transition, exploring aspects such as reversibility and contextual influence on their life course.
Sustainable Quality-Incentive Contract Design of Public Technology Innovation Procurement under Asymmetry Information
Authors: Liang Yunjuan , Liang Xin , Wei Hua
Published: May 2023

Public technology innovation procurement plays an essential role in alleviating current major social challenges. In the process of government procurement, the hidden adverse selection and moral hazard caused by the unobservable technology types and efforts of enterprises are not conducive to the sustainable improvement of technology innovation quality. To sustainably encourage enterprises to improve the quality of public technology innovation procurement, based on principal-agent and incentive regulation theories, this paper designs quality-incentive contracts under single- and dual-asymmetric information conditions. We discuss the impact of various relevant factors on contract design and the level of effort by solving and analyzing the model. Furthermore, we validate the effects of the proportion of enterprise technological type, the uncertainty of technological innovation, and the quality-benefit coefficient on the contract parameters and the expected profits of both parties through numerical simulation. The results show that under dual-asymmetry information, the government can motivate enterprises to realize self-selection and improve the quality of technological innovation by designing information screening contracts. The government’s revenue is closely related to the proportion of enterprises’ technology types in the market, and information rents can swamp the government’s expected revenues when the market proportion of high-type enterprises is small. The uncertainty of technological innovation will reduce the effort of enterprises and the incentive effect of the contract. The quality-benefit coefficients of the government and enterprises have different impacts on the intensity of contract incentives with higher quality-benefit coefficients of the government, therefore having better incentive effects for enterprises. The research conclusion provides a reference for the government to design a sustainable incentive contract to improve the quality of public technology innovation.
Can Implementing the New Development Concept Reduce Carbon Emissions? An Empirical Study from China
Authors: Wang Hua , Zhang Zenglian
Published: May 2023

China is the world’s largest carbon emitter, causing severe environmental damage. In order to enhance the sustainability of economic development, the Chinese government proposed a new development concept, including innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing. Based on the government work reports of 285 cities in China from 2010 to 2019, this study measures the implementation of the new development concept using a textual analysis method and investigates the impact of the implementation of the new development concept on carbon emissions. The results show the following: (1) The implementation of the new development concept can significantly reduce the scale and intensity of carbon emissions, and after a robustness test, the above conclusion is still valid; (2) Technological progress and industrial structure upgrading play mediating roles between the implementation of the new development concept and carbon emissions; and (3) The city’s characteristics can affect the impact of implementing the new development concept on carbon emissions, and in the eastern region, as well as in large-sized, resource-based, and high-administrative-level cities, the inhibiting effect of the implementation of the new development concept on carbon emissions is more pronounced compared with other cities. The findings of this study contribute to understandings of the relationship between the new development concept and carbon emissions and help policymakers design differentiated policies to reduce carbon emissions.
Field-Based Evaluation of Rice Genotypes for Enhanced Growth, Yield Attributes, Yield and Grain Yield Efficiency Index in Irrigated Lowlands of the Indo-Gangetic Plains
Authors: Gawdiya Sandeep , Kumar Dinesh , Shivay Yashbir S. , Bhatia Arti , Mehrotra Shweta , Chandra Mandapelli Sharath , Kumawat Anita , Kumar Rajesh , Price Adam H. , Raghuram Nandula , Pathak Himanshu , Sutton Mark A.
Published: May 2023

Nitrogen (N) fertilizers are widely used worldwide to increase agricultural productivity. However, significant N losses contributing to air and water pollution ultimately reduce the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of crops. Numerous research studies have emphasized the use of a low dose of N fertilizer, but few have focused on screening N-efficient rice genotypes. This study aimed to identify and screen ten rice genotypes that are N-use-efficient under different N fertilization treatments using the surface placement of neem-oil-coated urea: N0 (control), N60 (½ of recommended N), and N120 (recommended N) for two consecutive years (2020 and 2021) under a split plot design. In both growing seasons, the application of N120 yielded the highest panicles m−2 (PAN = 453), filled grains panicle−1 (FGP = 133), leaf area index (LAI = 5.47), tillers m−2 (TILL = 541), grain yield t ha−1 (GY = 5.5) and harvest index (HI = 45.4%) by the genotype ‘Nidhi’, being closely followed by the genotype ‘Daya’. Four genotypes (‘Nidhi’, ‘Daya’, ‘PB 1728’ and ‘Nagina 22’), out of the ten genotypes evaluated, responded well to different fertilization treatments with N with respect to the grain yield efficiency index (GYEI ≥ 1). Regarding N fertilization, N60 and N120 recorded the highest increase in PAN (28.5%; 41.4%), FGP (29.5%; 39.3%), test weight (29.5%; 45.3%), LAI at 30 days after transplanting (DAT) (143.7%; 223.3%), and LAI at 60 DAT (61.6%; 70.1%) when compared with N0. Furthermore, the application of N60 and N120 improved GY and HI by 47.6% and 59.4%, and 3.4% and 6.2%, respectively, over N0. Nitrogen addition (N60 and N120) also significantly increased the chlorophyll content at 60 DAT (8.8%; 16.3%), TILL at 60 DAT (22.9%; 46.2%), TILL at harvest (28%; 41.4%), respectively, over N0. Overall, our research findings clearly indicate that ‘Nidhi’ and ‘Daya’ could be efficient candidates for improved nitrogen use, grain yield and GYEI in the Indo-Gangetic plains of India.
Bacteriophage Delivery Systems for Food Applications: Opportunities and Perspectives
Authors: Costa Maria J. , Pastrana Lorenzo M. , Teixeira José A. , Sillankorva Sanna M. , Cerqueira Miguel A.
Published: May 2023

Currently, one-third of all food produced worldwide is wasted or lost, and bacterial contamination is one of the main reasons. Moreover, foodborne diseases are a severe problem, causing more than 420,000 deaths and nearly 600 million illnesses yearly, demanding more attention to food safety. Thus, new solutions need to be explored to tackle these problems. A possible solution for bacterial contamination is using bacteriophages (phages), which are harmless to humans; these natural viruses can be used to prevent or reduce food contamination by foodborne pathogens. In this regard, several studies showed the effectiveness of phages against bacteria. However, when used in their free form, phages can lose infectivity, decreasing the application in foods. To overcome this problem, new delivery systems are being studied to incorporate phages and ensure prolonged activity and controlled release in food systems. This review focuses on the existent and new phage delivery systems applied in the food industry to promote food safety. Initially, an overview of phages, their main advantages, and challenges is presented, followed by the different delivery systems, focused in methodologies, and biomaterials that can be used. In the end, examples of phage applications in foods are disclosed and future perspectives are approached.
A Recent SARS-CoV-2 Infection Enhances Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity against Several Omicron Subvariants following a Fourth mRNA Vaccine Dose
Authors: Beaudoin-Bussières Guillaume , Tauzin Alexandra , Dionne Katrina , Gendron-Lepage Gabrielle , Medjahed Halima , Perreault Josée , Levade Inès , Alfadhli Laila , Bo Yuxia , Bazin Renée , Côté Marceline , Finzi Andrés
Published: May 2023

Since the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, several variants of concern (VOCs), such as the Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron variants, have arisen and spread worldwide. Today, the predominant circulating subvariants are sublineages of the Omicron variant, which have more than 30 mutations in their Spike glycoprotein compared to the ancestral strain. The Omicron subvariants were significantly less recognized and neutralized by antibodies from vaccinated individuals. This resulted in a surge in the number of infections, and booster shots were recommended to improve responses against these variants. While most studies mainly measured the neutralizing activity against variants, we and others previously reported that Fc-effector functions, including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), play an important role in humoral responses against SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we analyzed Spike recognition and ADCC activity against several Omicron subvariants by generating cell lines expressing different Omicron subvariant Spikes. We tested these responses in a cohort of donors, who were recently infected or not, before and after a fourth dose of mRNA vaccine. We showed that ADCC activity is less affected than neutralization by the antigenic shift of the tested Omicron subvariant Spikes. Moreover, we found that individuals with a history of recent infection have higher antibody binding and ADCC activity against all Omicron subvariants than people who were not recently infected. With an increase in the number of reinfections, this study helps better understand Fc-effector responses in the context of hybrid immunity.
The Impact of Rotavirus Vaccination on Discharges for Pediatric Gastroenteritis in Italy: An Eleven Year (2009–2019) Nationwide Analysis
Authors: Isonne Claudia , Petrone Daniele , Del Manso Martina , Iera Jessica , Caramia Alessandra , Bandini Lorenzo , Fadda Giulia , Grossi Adriano , Baccolini Valentina , Costantino Claudio , Pezzotti Patrizio , Siddu Andrea , D’Ancona Fortunato
Published: May 2023

In Italy, despite the documented positive effects of rotavirus (RV) vaccination on reducing the burden of RV disease, an updated national assessment of its impact on clinical outcomes is still lacking. This study aims to analyze the implementation of RV vaccination in Italy, evaluating its impact on discharges for acute pediatric gastroenteritis (AGE). A retrospective analysis, including hospital discharge records and data on vaccination coverage for children aged 0–71 months from 2009 to 2019, was conducted. We examined trends in hospital discharge standardized incidence before and after vaccine introduction using a negative binomial mixture model with fixed effects to evaluate the impact of universal vaccination. The percentage of vaccination coverage increased over the years, from <5% between 2009 and 2013 to 26% in 2017, reaching 70% in 2019. The standardized incidence of discharges decreased over the period from 16.6/100,000 inhabitants in 2009–2013 to 9.9/100,000 inhabitants in 2018–2019. In this phase, about 15% of the estimated hospital discharges were avoided compared with those estimated in the first phase. The implementation of RV vaccination reduced AGE incidence discharges in children aged 0–71 months. Further efforts are needed to continue monitoring the vaccination effect over time and to increase vaccination coverage.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: A Content Analysis of Nigerian YouTube Videos
Authors: Sadiq Mohammed , Croucher Stephen , Dutta Debalina
Published: June 2023

Vaccination is key to developing herd immunity against COVID-19; however, the attitude of Nigerians towards being vaccinated stalled at the 70% vaccination target. This study engages Theory of Planned Behaviour to analyse the tone of Nigerian YouTube headlines/titles, and the tone of YouTube users’ comments to examine the causes of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. YouTube videos uploaded between March 2021 and December 2022 were analysed using a content analytic approach. Results show 53.5% of the videos had a positive tone, while 40.5% were negative, and 6% neutral. Second, findings indicate most of the Nigerian YouTube users’ comments were neutral (62.6%), while 32.4%, were negative, and 5% were positive. From the antivaccine themes, analysis shows the people’s lack of trust in the government on vaccines (15.7%) and the presence of vaccine conspiracy theories mostly related to expressions of religion and biotechnology (46.08%) were the main causes of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Nigeria. The study presents implications for theory and recommends ways for governments to develop better vaccination communication strategies.
Analysis on Mode and Benefit of Resource Utilization of Rural Sewage in a Typical Chinese City
Authors: Gui Zihan , Wen Jinhua , Fu Lei , Wang Shiwu , Zheng Baoxian
Published: May 2023

The treatment of rural domestic sewage is essential for the comprehensive improvement of the rural environment. At present, the rate of resource utilization of rural domestic sewage is generally low in China, which fits with the actual situation of rural areas, and low cost is becoming the requirement for the development of rural sewage treatment technologies. Adopting a tailored approach based on local conditions for utilising sewage resources is the best option for rural sewage management. Therefore, it is very important and urgent to explore and evaluate the mode of rural domestic sewage resource utilisation. This paper analyzes the current status of sewage resource utilization in rural China. It researches and explores sewage treatment technology and resource utilization models based on 10 study sites in Yongkang City, Zhejiang Province. At the same time, this article evaluates pollution control effectiveness and environmental emission reduction benefits. The results show that the effluent quality of the treated wastewater by the skid-mounted resource utilization equipment met the reuse requirements and maintained stable water quality. The project can save 251,900 tons of high-quality water resources annually, reducing COD by 78.51 tons, reducing NH3-N and TP by 5.62 tons and 0.39 tons, respectively, and reducing carbon emissions by more than 134 tons. The project has achieved significant comprehensive benefits in water conservation, pollution reduction, and carbon reduction.
Off-label drug use in pediatrics. Literature review
Authors: Badertdinova D. I. ,   KSMA — branch of the FSBEI CPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Zvegintseva A. A. , Maksimov M. L. ,   KSMA — branch of the FSBEI CPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia, SAHI Republican Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, SAHI City Clinical Hospital No. 7, Kazan,   KSMA — branch of the FSBEI CPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia, FSAEI CPE Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Pharmacology Department, FSAEI HE Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia, chief freelance specialist in clinical pharmacology of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan
Published: May 2023

At present, due to the accumulated developments in pharmacology and pharmacotherapy, there is a huge variety of drugs for the effective treatment and prevention of many common diseases. This makes it possible to control and manage many pathological conditions. However, each drug should be comprehensively studied, as well as its systemic action, side effects, toxicity, effect when interacting with other drugs, and especially when it accumulates in the body, must be taken into account. There are groups of patients in which clinical trials of drugs are difficult and limited. These are pregnant women, children, and newborns, especially premature ones. A serious deterrent is both severe economic restrictions and ethical issues, such as the protection of the rights of minors and the negative attitude of society towards clinical trials as «experiments on people».
Statutory regulation of keeping medical records in the healthcare of the Russian Federation
Authors: Goel P. S. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Vyatkina N. Yu. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2023

In the conditions of rapid digitalization in the healthcare system, legal regulation of the transition to electronic medical document management at the state level is an important mechanism. However, an analysis of the current legislation revealed the need to regulate the organization of the proper storage of archival medical documents. Moreover, in the context of the development of a medical information system (MIS), it is essential to realize that its effective functioning and successful integration into medical activities require not only technical solutions, but also an appropriate legislative and regulatory framework. In addition to the MIS creation and implementation, it is necessary to pay due attention to the improvement of legal and regulatory documents that govern the procedure for working with documents in a mixed workflow. Thus, the transitional stage from paper carriers to electronic documents will inevitably become the reason for the emergence of new legal acts in the field of ensuring long-term preservation and timely deletion of data by means of a medical information system used in a medical organization.
Sinophobia during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lebed O.L. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Vershinina V.A. ,   I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2023

The paper is devoted to the phenomenon of stigmatization of people from China during the worldwide spread of the coronavirus infection (COVID-19). The crisis rallied society in search of someone to be blamed for the pandemic, as a result of which China and its people became victims of stigmatization. The outbreak of the coronavirus infection led to the formation of not only epidemiological, but also cultural barriers that became the basis for stigmatization and contributed to segregation.
Manifestations of post-COVID syndrome
Authors: Zvegintseva A. A. ,   KSMA — branch of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Malinnikova E.Y. , Maksimov M.L. ,   FSBEI FPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Moscow),   KSMA — branch of the FSBEI FPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia, FSBEI FPE RMACPE of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Moscow), FSAEI HE Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia
Published: May 2023

The main attention regarding the issue of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 is given to timely diagnosis and pharmacotherapy, which focus on patients’ resuscitation, weakening the cytokine storm [1], and immediate treatment with antiviral drugs. But, in essence, COVID-19 looks like a metaphorical iceberg, being a public health disaster in disguise. By analogy with the post-resuscitation syndrome, this pathological condition is characterized by a clinically significant deterioration in the quality of life and an increased risk of death within 1 year, which are associated with a combination of effects that persist long after the resolution of infectious symptoms.
Hypervitaminosis D: an approach to the choice of doses and therapy regimens
Authors: Rozenson R. I. ,   Astana Medical University, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
Published: May 2023

Vitamin D is a well-known prohormone, which plays an important role not only in calcium metabolism, but also in cell differentiation and immune modulation. It has a wide therapeutic window. Because of that, toxicity is observed only at relatively high doses. Certain diseases predispose patients to vitamin D toxicity. Mechanisms of this predisposition, together with treatment options and possible vitamin D toxicity outcomes are discussed.
UMNO dan PAS dalam Persaingan Politik Sekuler-Islam di Malaysia
Authors: Andri Adetia
Published: May 2023

This article aims to look at the political competition between the United Malay National Organization (UMNO) and the Se-Malaysia Islamic Party (PAS) in political dynamics in Malaysia. These two parties are the two largest parties in Malaysia which both consider themselves to represent the voices of the Malay-Islamic community. In writing, this article uses historical research methods in four steps: heuristics, criticism, verification, and historiography, using a political approach. This approach is used to view a historical event from a political point of view. While in terms of data collection techniques, this article uses library research to collect sources related to the topics discussed. The results of the study show that, since their inception, UMNO and PAS have experienced differences in their political goals. UMNO prioritizes the Malay side of its political strategy, while PAS makes Islam its main strategy. These two parties are trying to win most ethnic Malay votes as the largest ethnic group in Malaysia. Mutual claims and criticisms continue to be carried out by the two parties. Another result is that competition between UMNO and PAS has implications for political stability in Malaysia. The arrest of political opponents between the two parties is unavoidable, resulting in the erosion of the Malay majority vote in the Malaysian general election.
Melayu Islam dan Batak Kristen: Labelisasi Keagamaan Terhadap Identitas Kesukuan di Sumatera Timur pada Awal Abad Ke-20
Authors: Anwar Syaiful
Published: May 2023

This article discusses the religious labelling of ethnicity on Malay and Batak identities in East Sumatra in the early 20th century. The labelling refers to the mention of Malay as Islam and Batak as Christian. The labelling of religious identity strengthened along with the start of Dutch East Indies colonization of East Sumatra. The colonization of the Dutch East Indies changed various religious social lives between the inland people who were often called the Bataks with the coastal people called the Malays. Significant changes to the labelling have occurred since the arrival of European zending to the North Tapanuli region and influenced the social life of the Batak people in the inland at the end of the 19th century. Meanwhile, the Malay identity as Islam has become an inseparable unit, even before the colonization of East Sumatra. This article uses the historical method. Heuristics or collection of sources for this article are primary and secondary sources that discuss social situations in the contemporaries. Furthermore, source criticism and interpretation of historical facts will be carried out using theories or concept from the social sciences. the results of the study show that the religious labelling of Malay and Batak identities has two different poles. Malay as an Islamic identity that occurs because of labelling carried out internally. The Malay community identifies itself as Islam which means that Malay is the same as Islam. Meanwhile, Batak identity as a Christian is more likely to emerge due to external consequences. The attitude of the Dutch East Indies colonial politics that wanted to orbit Batak culture has formed various institutions that are mostly filled by zending parties. Therefore, the Batak identity as a Christian is more likely to be carried out by people outside the Christian religion, even though the person who does it is a Batak ethnic but having Islam as his/her religion.
Ittihadoel Oelama: Integrasi Sosial Keagamaan di Palembang, 1939-1942
Authors: Ramadoni M. Desta , Ghofur Alfian
Published: May 2023

The entry of various Islamic modern movements in Palembang in the early second decade of the 20th century brought changes, especially in the socio-religious aspect. Islamic modernists who carried a mission of change were rejected by traditionalist clerics who were rooted in differences in religious views. The dualism of the modernists and traditionalists continued into the early 1930s. Attempts at reconciliation by Islamic education leaders in Palembang emerged as a result of concern over the condition of Muslim relations that had not improved. This idea was realized with the establishment of the Islamic Religious Consideration Council (MPII) institution, although this institution eventually found a dead end after surviving nearly a decade. Then a positive response emerged from Islamic education leaders in Palembang by forming the Ittihadoel Oelama institution which has a vision and mission similar to the MPII institution. Several religious problems were successfully resolved both in the downtown area and in the rural areas. Ittihadoel Oelama quickly spread to various areas in Palembang. This study focuses on explaining the socio-religious integration efforts of Islamic education leaders in Palembang from 1939 to 1942. This research is divided into four stages, gathering sources, critiquing sources, interpreting and historiography or writing history. The research results cover two things, namely, first, the background to the emergence of social integration that started in the city center and second, the emergence of various Islamic educational institutions in Palembang became a supporting factor for the rapid process of social integration.
Нанодиагностика и сенсорика: достижения и перспективы в области флуоресцентной наноскопии и поверхностно-усиленного комбинационного рассеяния света
Authors: А.В. Наумова
Published: June 2023

В настоящем докладе обсуждается экспериментальная техника криогенной спектромикроскопии одиночных квантовых излучателей
«Cultural values»: concept and application of the relevant term in the legislation
Authors: Shulha Viktoriia ,   Yaroslav the Wise National University of Law
Published: May 2023

The article examines the concept of «cultural values» and the use of the corresponding term in international legislation. The term «cultural values» is increasingly used in the research discourse, and at the same time is one of the categories of philosophy, culture, ethics, cultural studies, and, of course, law. At the same time, the term «cultural values» denotes a multifaceted concept, which covers a wide range of phenomena and objects of a spiritual and material nature. It was noted that in international legal documents the term «cultural values» occurs in two meanings. First, to denote tangible and intangible objects - objects, movable and immovable monuments, that is, elements of cultural heritage. The second value is a qualitative indicator of the importance, significance, value of the element of cultural heritage. The analysis of the texts of international documents shows that the terminology of legislation in the field of protection of cultural values has been developing for many years, gradually changing and clarifying. The author noticed that in the authentic texts of international acts, regulatory documents of foreign states and works of foreign researchers, in addition to the terms «cultural values», «cultural heritage», «cultural property», the following terms are also used: «cultural goods», «cultural resources», «cultural artifacts», «cultural items», «cultural products». This state of affairs is obviously related to the diversity of legal systems, different national approaches to the designation of the same legal phenomena and objects. It is obvious that the concepts of "cultural heritage" («cultural values») and «cultural property» reflect not so much different terminology, but different legal and social concepts. In general, today the terminology regarding the concepts of cultural values and cultural heritage is not unified. International documents are mostly based on the concept of «cultural values» given in the Convention of 1954. This is the broadest definition of the concept of "cultural values" as material objects. In some cases, the concepts of «cultural values» and «cultural heritage» are used interchangeably and are used as the same terms. It is concluded that when translating international documents, there are significant difficulties with the interpretation of terms. Obviously, the translation of such terms should be carried out in the context of the legal norms and legal systems of a particular state. Therefore, already at the stage of negotiations regarding the drafting of a bilingual international text, it is important for the authorized subjects to make sure that the different language versions not only convey the same content, but also take into account and express the relevant legal traditions.
Criminal liability for forgery of vaccination documents and their using
Authors: Shebanits Diana ,   Mariupol State University
Published: May 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of national legislation, in particular numerous by-laws on the problematic issues of vaccination, identification of existing conflicts and gaps that prevent its effective legal regulation. It has been established that in recent years, due to the pandemic caused by the spread of the coronavirus infection among the legal scientific community, the issue of investigating criminal liability in the field of forgery of medical documents has become topical. At the same time, an active dialogue between the state and society on vaccination issues has begun in Ukraine. Cause of increase in the number of representatives of the anti-vaccination movement, publicity and dissemination in the mass media of certain health complications allegedly caused by the vaccine against the infection of COVID-19, the leadership of the country: the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Education and Science, the Commissioner of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine with of human rights and other representatives of the state authorities were faced with the spread of mistrust among the population on the issue of vaccinations. The urgent need for mass vaccination is not mostly supported by society, so there is a demand for illegal buying of fake vaccination documents and their further use. The data from the Unified State Register of Pre-Trial Decisions regarding the decisions issued for forgery and the use of forged medical documents, in particular, COVID certificates and PCR tests, are provided. It is noted that the current national criminal legislation contains norms that provide for criminal liability for forgery of documents, seals, stamps and forms, sale or use of forged documents, seals, stamps, including official medical documents. The research provides a legal overview of the provisions of the draft Law on Amendments to the Criminal Code of Ukraine on establishing liability for forgery of documents related to preventive vaccinations, as well as outlined the experience of leading European countries regarding criminal liability for forgery and use of vaccination documents. A conclusion was reached regarding the impracticality of introducing enhanced liability for forgery of documents related to prophylactic vaccinations.