bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A quality factor of forecasting error for sounding data in MBES
Authors: Zhou Tian , Yuan Weijia , Sun Yang , Xu Chao , Chen Baowei
Published: March 2022

The multi-beam sounding system achieves ultra-wide coverage and high-resolution measurement. Its significantly increased data density has great advantages in accurately depicting the topography of the seabed. However, this requires processing large amounts of data. A preprocessing method that performs in real time automatically identifies outliers in multi-beam bathymetry data, and provides corresponding bathymetry estimates, is able to provide a lot of effective information for the post-processing to improve the data processing efficiency and ensure data quality. In this work, we propose a quality factor (QF) forecasting error (QE) for detecting outliers and forecasting depth in multi-beam bathymetry data. On the basis of the existing QF model for a seabed detection method, and under the assumption of smooth seafloor terrain, we use the QF to select a suitable seabed detection method and eliminate the sounding points that correspond to poor echo characteristics. The uncertainty inferred by the QF is used as the initial parameter for Kalman filter estimation and the depth-value prediction model is formulated. The sounding sequence is sorted by the median value by using the sliding window method. After a second fitting and Kalman filtering, the depth of each point is predicted. A QF model based on forecasting errors is adopted to simplify and unify the outlier detection standards. The selection rules of window length and detection threshold are deeply studied on the basis of simulations performed in this work. For appropriate parameters, the proposed algorithm shows good detection capability for impulse anomalies, cluster anomalies and seabed topography undulations. In addition, the proposed method gives smooth depth-prediction values. Simulation results and analysis show that the proposed algorithm further detects outliers in depth sequences on the basis of the QF and forecasts the sounding points in real time. The QE threshold based on the relative depth is easy to select and is suitable for different sounding systems. This provides effective outlier detection information for post-processing.
Strong reduction of thermal conductivity of WSe2 with introduction of atomic defects
Authors: Wang Bowen , Yan Xuefei , Yan Hejin , Cai Yongqing
Published: March 2022

The thermal conductivities of pristine and defective single-layer tungsten diselenide (WSe2) are investigated by using equilibrium molecular dynamics method. The thermal conductivity of WSe2 increases dramatically with size below a characteristic of ~5 nm and levels off for broader samples and reaches a constant value of ~2 W/mK. By introducing atomic vacancies, we discovered that the thermal conductivity of WSe2 is significantly reduced. In particular, the W vacancy has a greater impact on thermal conductivity reduction than Se vacancies: the thermal conductivity of pristine WSe2 is reduced by ~60% and ~70% with the adding of ~1% of Se and W vacancies, respectively. The reduction of thermal conductivity is found to be related to the decrease of mean free path (MFP) of phonons in the defective WSe2. The MFP of WSe2 decreases from ~4.2 nm for perfect WSe2 to ~2.2 nm with the addition of 0.9% Se vacancies. More sophisticated types of point defects, such as vacancy clusters and anti-site defects, are explored in addition to single vacancies and are found to dramatically renormalize the phonons. The reconstruction of the bonds leads to localized phonons in the forbidden gap in the phonon density of states which leads to a drop in thermal conduction. This work demonstrates the influence of different defects on the thermal conductivity of single-layer WSe2, providing insight into the process of defect-induced phonon transport as well as ways to improve heat dissipation in WSe2-based electronic devices.
Optimization of laser deposited silver nanoparticle substrates for surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy
Authors: Paul Tristan C , Hagen Guy M , Pinchuk Anatoliy O , McNear Kelly L
Published: March 2022

Creating sensitive and reproducible substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been a challenge in recent years. While SERS offers significant benefits over traditional Raman spectroscopy, certain hindrances have limited their commercial use, especially in settings where low limits of detection are necessary. We studied a variety of laser-deposited silver microstructured SERS substrates with different morphology as a means to optimize analyte detection. We found that using a 405 nm laser to deposit lines of silver nanoparticles (AgNPS) from a 2 mM silver nitrate and sodium citrate solution offered not only the best enhancement, but also the most consistent and reproducible substrates. We also found that the probability of deposition by laser was wavelength dependent and that longer wavelengths were less likely to deposit than shorter wavelengths. This work offers a better understanding of the laser deposition process as well as how substrate shape and structure effect SERS signals.
Proteretic device: modelling and implementation in electronics and optical domain
Authors: Khan Salma , Azeemuddin Syed , Sohel Mohammed Arifuddin
Published: March 2022

This paper discusses the phenomena of proteresis, commonly known as inverse hysteresis, and the various methods to implement it. Proteresis generates an advanced response when compared to hysteresis, which improves the system’s speed, maintaining the noise immunity intact. This feature of proteresis is seen in multiple naturally occurring phenomena. The paper implements proteresis in domains of electronics and optics, keeping in view essential constraints like area, power, throughput, and speed. The electronic domain consists of two models, one using CMOS circuits and the other using discrete components. The transistor-level design of a proteretic device is on 180 nm CMOS technology, and proof of concept is demonstrated using post-layout simulations. This design is operated on a supply voltage of 1.8 V and consumes significantly less power of 633 µW at a moderate frequency of 10 MHz. The second implementation utilizes discrete components wherein the operational amplifier (op-amp) is utilized to realize the proteretic design. A discussion on the boundary conditions for switching from hysteretic to proteretic is also presented. This design operates at a supply voltage of 12 V from −6 to +6 V and has a high drive current. Finally, the third implementation is in the optical field using semiconductor ring lasers (SRLs). Rate equations are used to model SRL’s and injection locking phenomenon is applied for switching, which is used for high-speed operations.
Interdisciplinary approach by IT-technologies implementation into the civil procedure
Authors: Chernykh I I
Published: March 2022

This article substantiates that the demand for large research projects of the mega class in the field of social sciences is very high today. The system of regulators of public relations is faced with unprecedented challenges: from the need to develop state and world policies regarding the regulation of the use of AI and cyberspace to the determination of the boundaries of the possible replacement of humans with information technologies. The key aspect in this discourse is the activity of the state to ensure the protection of the rights in civil procedure. In this area, there is a need for an interdisciplinary and transnational nature of research. World legal practice needs a uniform approach to the digitalization of the law, to the status of IT-information, to its use in the cognitive activity of the court1. Introduction
Model of interaction with foreign and national scientific, profit and non-profit organizations, as well as individual scientists within the framework of research infrastructures established in the territory of the Russian Federation
Authors: Malyshev A S , Kolesnikova E A , Nurakhov N N , Balyakin A A , Nurbina M V , Tsvetus N Yu , Zaplatina T S
Published: March 2022

The article considers the issues of methodological and regulatory support for interaction with foreign and national scientific, profit and non-profit organizations, as well as individual scientists in the framework of research infrastructures established in the Russian Federation. The research infrastructures in the neutron field serves as an example, based on which a promising model of international cooperation, aimed at mitigating the negative impact of basic factors that arise when organizing effective interaction with foreign scientific organizations, is considered. The model represents the mechanisms that determine the properties and states of interactions between subjects and describes the processes of forming connections within the framework of the research infrastructure. The article also examines the successful experience of implementing multilateral scientific and technical cooperation within the framework of the activities of existing platforms, associations, forums, etc.
Problems of legal regulation of the protection of the results of scientific activity and technological transfer: the experience of the European Organization for Nuclear Research
Authors: Ponomareva D V , Kubyshkin A V
Published: March 2022

In this article, the authors have made an attempt to identify the main problems associated with the legal regulation of the protection of the results of scientific activities and technological transfer on the example of the experience of the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). The authors formulate the key directions of the development of intellectual property law in relation to the protection of the results of scientific activity, especially objects of the “megascience” class. In conclusion, the possibility of using the European experience of legal regulation of the protection of intellectual property rights to these objects in the Russian Federation is considered, including in the context of technology transfer.
Protection of the results of scientific activity: ethical and legal aspects
Authors: Barabashev A G , Ponomareva D V
Published: March 2022

Within the framework of this article, the authors make an attempt to analyze the ethical and legal foundations of regulating the issues of protecting the results of scientific activities, including those created by artificial intelligence systems. In the introduction, the authors analyze the general issues of regulating the protection of scientific results created through the use of the latest advances in technology. The article also draws attention to the experience of foreign states and supranational organizations in the field of patenting the results of scientific activities created by artificial intelligence systems, patent trolling as a vivid manifestation of the ethical and legal issues of protecting intellectual property rights, with particular emphasis on relevant judicial practice. In conclusion, the authors note the main trends in the development of legislation in the field under study, formulate recommendations to the domestic legislator based on the study of foreign experience in the legal regulation of artificial intelligence. This article will be useful for researchers, legal practitioners, graduate students, students and everyone who is interested in the problems of intellectual property rights in the context of using the latest technologies.
Megascience, Metascience and Genomic Research – Convergence, Synergy and Correlation. Common points in legal regulation
Authors: Kubyshkin A V , Ponomareva D V
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the interaction of various branches of knowledge from the point of view of their convergence, the achievement of a synergistic effect and correlation. Metascience in Western sources is often viewed as a methodological discipline, a kind of science about science, which contributes to increasing the authenticity and reliability of scientific results. Nevertheless, metascience can also be viewed as a result of the transition from quantity to quality in one or several branches of knowledge. Both the first and second approaches are methodologically promising. The authors trace the relationship between megascience and genomic research, for example, in the technological basis of these areas of scientific research - the latest and rapidly developing technologies, the use of complex and expensive scientific complexes that allow for unique research of a high degree of complexity. The conclusion is made that the similarity of the technological basis gives rise to the similarity of the emerging social relations and the challenges facing the legal regulation of these relations. Based on the results of the research, the authors offer recommendations on the formulation of principles and approaches to legal regulation.
Improving the legal mechanisms of interaction between national, international and foreign entities in the implementation of the Megascience projects
Authors: Gorlova E
Published: March 2022

A present-day scientific experiment requires organized and self-organizing interaction of hundreds and thousands of specialists. We can offer some recommendations for improvement of the legal mechanisms of international scientific and technical cooperation. The creation of a unified national infrastructure supporting international scientific and technical cooperation of Russian organizations and research teams should be singled out as a separate project within the framework of a federal target program. It seems necessary to develop a special contract system for organizations participating in the Megascience projects, as well as a procedure for selection, monitoring and reporting standards. The issues of recruitment and training of the personnel involved in the functioning of the infrastructure of the Megascience projects are of particular relevance: competency profiles of experts in the management of international research projects should be developed, and the issues of their educating should be resolved as well. An important mechanism of interaction between national, international and foreign entities within the framework of the implementation of the Megascience projects is the creation of a single specialized web portal that would combine the resources of all the participants, simplify and accelerate interaction between research teams, and provide users with the necessary methodological support, in the national language as well. The improvement of legal mechanisms for attracting international and foreign entities for the implementation of the Megascience projects should be based on the creation of an infrastructure that provides administrative, financial, organizational, and legal support for research teams. At the same time, this activity should take into account the opinion of scientists themselves and never directly interfere in scientific and technological processes, allowing for a flexible approach to solving various issues.
Research on Architecture of Local Domain Application Based on Radio Frequency Identification
Authors: Li Tingshun , Liu Zesan , Wang Dadi , Ma Suling
Published: March 2022

Along with the speedy improvement of sensing systems, wireless transmission technology, and faster and faster chip, the scope of application of the Internet of things (IoT) has substantially and rapidly increased, and research and innovation that integrate artificial intelligence. At same time, campus application construction as the foundation of intelligence education is being on the march, which demands newly emerging computer technologies support, such as IoT, AI, Big data and so on. In this study, we provide an architecture of smart campus based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) which can offer new solutions to solve some problems such as position, identification, store information and so on because of its strong anti-interference capability and non-intrusiveness, as core technology of IoT. Then based on this architecture, a kind of intelligent campus application system scheme is proposed, which can realize the function of automatic identity recognition, book reading, internal consumption, student positions. Moreover, for some special exact location demands, this paper proposes a method to precisely measure RFID tag location based on triangulation principle, which is embedded in the architecture. The application of Internet of things technology can better promote some origination or company efficiency, such as more efficient service for teachers’ and students’ work, study and life.
Hierarchical Attention Networks for Multimodal Machine Learning
Authors: Liang Haotian , Wang Zhanqing
Published: March 2022

The Visual Question Answering (VQA) task is to infer the correct answer to a free-form question based on the given image. This task is challenging because it requires model handling both visual and textual information. Most successful attempts on VQA task have been achieved by using attention mechanism which can capture inter-modal and intra-modal dependencies. In this paper, we raise a new attention-based model to solve VQA. We use question information to guide model concentrate on special regions and attribute and hierarchically reason the answer. We also propose multi-modal fusion strategy based on co-attention method to fuse both visual and textual information. Under the same experimental conditions, extensive experiments on VQA-v2.0 dataset illustrate our method performance exceeds the performance of some state-of-the-art methods of the same experimental conditions.
Design of Large Monitoring System Based on Heterogeneous Network
Authors: Liu Shuai , Tang Xubo , Zang Chunhua
Published: March 2022

In order to ensure the quality of tobacco products, it is necessary to strictly control the environment of tobacco during storage. In order to save manpower and material resources and realize accurate monitoring of the storage environment, a large-scale tobacco storage monitoring system based on heterogeneous network was designed. Combining the cross-regional characteristics of NB-IoT and low-frequency characteristics of LoRa, NB-IoT was used as a wide area network and LoRa as a subordinate local area network to form a two-layer network structure. Its structure includes sensor node and gateway node, and the gateway node is composed of LoRa gateway and NB-IoT module. This paper introduces the composition and working mode of each part in detail.
An IoT Assisted Early Warning System for Smart Grid
Authors: Xie Jinglong , Xiao Xinxiu , Xu Yao , Jin Bing
Published: March 2022

Safety monitoring is an important component in early-warning system, and it is crucial to ensure safe operations in various industries. However, the majority of the existing safety monitoring system suffer some limitations, either they cannot cover the whole working area or their intelligence is inadequate to provide effective early warnings. In order to ensure safe operations in smart grid, we propose an IoT assisted early-warning system. The system employs some latest technologies, such as electronic fence, video surveillance, UWB positioning and the SVM model, to achieve real-time accurate positioning of operators. Moreover, it can detect the distance between operators and dangerous areas, and the system can alert the operators when they are approaching the dangerous areas. Our proposed approach helps to make the early warning system more intelligent and more automated, improving safety supervision and providing effective security management for smart grid.
Indoor Target Detection and Pose Estimation Based on Point Cloud
Authors: Zhang Di , Zhang Weimin , Li Fangxing , Guo Ziyuan , Nie Fuyu , Jin Jiahao , Wang Yang , Shi Yongliang , Huang Qiang
Published: March 2022

The indoor environment faced by service robots is complex, with plenty of objects and mutual occlusion, traditional algorithms cannot detect the target and estimate its pose accurately. We propose a set of target detection and pose estimation algorithm based on point cloud templates to solve the above problems. Through the segmentation and clustering of scenes, the application of the algorithm in complex scenes is realized. Based on the key points to estimate the pose of the target, we achieve the adaptation to mutual occlusion. Besides, we propose an improved RANSAC algorithm, which maintains the accuracy of the original algorithm while greatly improving the speed. Finally, we test the algorithm through the open source model library, simulated and actual scenarios, compared with the SAC-IA algorithm, our algorithm improves the time by 89%, and in the application of complex scenes, the error of the pose estimation is at the millimeter level.
Pattern Recognition and Analysis: Neural Network using Weighted Cross Entropy
Authors: Guo Bingting , Chen Shuixuan , Hong Zhaobin , Xu Guoqi
Published: March 2022

In order to identify arrhythmia more simply and efficiently, one-dimensional convolutional neural network is used to extract electrocardiogram signal features and a neural network model based on cardiac beat is established, which can identify eight major ECG arrhythmia types. The cross entropy loss function is weighted according with the data distribution to solve the data imbalance problem. Experiments verify the effectiveness of the weighted cross-entropy loss function in ECG recognition, which improves the accuracy of all kinds to more than 99.5% and the sensitivity of all kinds to more than 90%. Compared with other models, this model can improve the performance of ECG arrhythmia recognition.
Visual Pattern Recognition: Identity Authentication Technology Based on Eye Movement Patterns
Authors: Zhao Jingjing , Wang Xiaoming
Published: March 2022

Existing identity authentication techniques are primarily based on passwords or physical characteristics and are therefore prone to theft and forgery. This can lead to potential security risks for identity recognition. In this paper, we propose a new identity authentication technique based on reading eye movements by introducing eye tracking technology. In this approach, a deep neural network based on multi-input architecture is used to construct a computational model. The model uses the text sequence, the fixation point sequence, and the linguistic feature as inputs, and output the recognition by a neural network. The simulation results showed a recognition accuracy of 89.9%. The eye tracking technique developed in this study may be used as a new and efficient identity authentication method. The data set used in the experiment and the associated codes have been released on GitHub.
Research on an Improved Sliding Extracting Algorithm of Composite Deviation for Wind Turbine Gear
Authors: Zhang Bai , Liu Haofang , Gao Feng
Published: March 2022

One tooth radial composite deviation and one tooth tangential composite deviation are important parameters of wind turbine gears whose operation life cycle can be influenced. An improved sliding extracting algorithm of composite deviation is proposed. It just only calculates those parts that need to be recalculated, avoids a large number of invalid searching calculations, and greatly improves the efficiency. The experimental results show that the improved sliding extracting algorithm of composite deviation has the same results as the traditional extracting algorithm, and the efficiency of the extracting algorithm is improved nearly 100 times. The improved sliding extracting algorithm of total composite deviation is proposed in this paper, and theoretically the algorithm efficiency is one time than traditional algorithm. The algorithms proposed in this paper can improve the efficiency of radial composite deviation and tangential composite deviation, and can be applied to gear singleflank rolling tester and gear double-flank rolling tester, especially in wind turbine gear field.
Application of Similarity Theory and Dimensional Analysis for Helical Gear Fatigue Model Test
Authors: Zhu Chengli
Published: March 2022

Gear fatigue test is an important way to verify the reliability of gears, but the test period is too long and costly, especially for the high-speed and heavy-load helical gears, the working process of them are difficult to simulate in the laboratory. For reducing the cost of gear fatigue test, we can use the scaled similar model to replace full-size gear in the fatigue test, process and the results can be applied to the full-size gear according to the similarity principle. In this paper, the similarity principles of helical gears are established with dimensional analysis method. A scale-up and a scale-down similarity gear models are designed for a helical gear pair, and the fatigue damages of them are analysed under eight-stage load spectrum. The results show that the scaled similarity gear models and the full-size gears have nearly the same fatigue damages. This study can bring us an economic and effective fatigue test method for the helical gears.
Research on Microgrid Connected and Islanded Switching Control Based on Switched System
Authors: Sun Liying , Liu Yang
Published: March 2022

This paper focuses on the switching stability control of microgrid in the process of grid-connected and island operation. Firstly, the grid-connected operation model and island operation model are established, and they are regarded as two subsystems of switched system; then the cross backstepping method is used to design the switching controllers of the two subsystems, and the common Lyapunov function is constructed at the same time. Finally, matlab simulation verifies the effectiveness of the designed controller and switching law.
Inspection of Synchronous Belt in Lifting Appliances
Authors: Chen Hu , Hu Peng , Zhang Pengzhao , Lv Qin , Zhang Qin
Published: March 2022

Introduced the inspection requirements of the main transmission components in the hoisting machinery in the current special equipment regulation; Checked the technical requirements related to safety in the relevant standards of the synchronous belt. Based on the physical structure, failure mode and regulatory standard requirements of the synchronous belt, summarized the inspection method of the synchronous belt.
Design of New Charging Pile Based on Pro/E
Authors: Tan Fenfang , Tan Zhihang , Wu Song , Peng Youping
Published: March 2022

This paper uses Pro/E, CAD and 3Ds max software to complete the modeling design of the new charging post.Firstly, 3D modeling, process analysis and calculation of the new charging pile parts were carried out. Then a solid model was established, according to the injection capacity, clamping force and injection pressure, the injection machine was initially selected, the cycle diagram of injection molding production process was drawn, and the mold opening and closing simulation was carried out. Finally, mold flow software was used to analyze the manufacturing process of the charging pile, virtual simulation of the problems of the injection machine during the injection process, and checking the feasibility of the design.A new type of charging pile is designed which has certain guiding significance for actual production.
Simulation System of Aircraft Surveillance in Airport Terminal Area
Authors: Shen Xiaoyun , Zhai Haosong , Zhang Shuo , Cui Peng
Published: March 2022

Because ordinary users cannot quickly obtain the three-dimensional space position of aircraft in the airport terminal area through a two-dimensional display navigation map, the aircraft surveillance simulation system in the airport terminal area based on virtual reality technology is designed. Through analyzing the Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) data, the aircraft motion model is established. The three-dimensional aircraft surveillance simulation system for the airport terminal area is realized by Unreal Engine 4 (UE4). Especially, the changes in flight track and flight attitude about aircraft in the three-dimensional scene are designed. The results show that the aircraft movements can be visualized smoothly and correctly based on ADS-B data. It is helpful for users to observe the aircraft of the airport terminal area and analyze the operation status of the plane.
Research on dynamic aerodynamic characteristics of flying wing model with low aspect ratio
Authors: Zeng Weiyi , Zhao Zhongliang , Yang Haiyong , Li Hao
Published: March 2022

The flying wing with low aspect ratio removes the horizontal and vertical tails and adopts configuration of wing-body fusion, which has better lift and drag characteristics and stealth than the traditional wing-body split configuration. In this paper, with the help of the semi-reflux transient transonic wind tunnel of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, a single-degree-of-freedom pitching dynamic force test is carried out on the standard model of flying wing with low aspect ratio, and the mechanism of some cases is analyzed through numerical calculation. The study found that when the fuselage is forced to pitch at f=1Hz: The normal force coefficient curve will form a hysteresis loop in the shape of a spoon; during the pitching process, the angle of attack of stall is delayed from the 40° which is the angle of attack of stall in static case to 45°; the pitching movement will delay the dissipation of the energy of leading edge vortex along the flow direction and increases the vortex suction at the rear of the wing; the flow pattern of the suction surface is similar during the upward elevation process, and spanwise flow is more severe than the static case under the same angle of attack.
A Relative Pose Estimation Method of Non-Cooperative Space Targets
Authors: Liu Ke , Wang Ling , Liu Hanhan , Zhang Xiang
Published: March 2022

In many space missions such as fly-around observing and approaching the targets, the relative pose estimation of non-cooperative space targets is one of the key technologies. In this paper, a relative pose estimation method of non-cooperative space targets based on a monocular camera and a laser rangefinder is proposed. The monocular camera is used to obtain the sequence image of the target. The laser rangefinder is used to solve the scale fuzziness problem of the monocular camera and construct the world coordinate system in real scale during initialization. The camera data and the laser rangefinder data are fused in a tightly coupled form to optimize the estimated pose in continuous pose estimation. The non-cooperative space target images generated by Blender are used for simulation. The results show that the method proposed in this paper has good real-time performance and can estimate the relative pose of non-cooperative space targets accurately and robustly. Compared with the existing methods based on monocular vision, the proposed method does not require the initial pose assumption and can effectively improve the accuracy of the pose estimation.
Experimental Investigation on High Frequency Perturbation to Combustion Instability by Low Frequency Actuator in a Backward-facing Step Combustor
Authors: Wang Chen , Cui Tao , Zheng Yao
Published: March 2022

Compared with the quasi-steady combustion process, the large pressure oscillation in the combustion unstable process contains rich physical characteristics and more severe structural damage phenomenon. The active control method is more flexible and efficient by controlling some parameters of the combustion system through the actuator, so as to destroy the coupling between heat release oscillation and acoustic disturbance. However, the existing active control method is limited by the lack of model and actuator frequency, which has limitations on the control ability of the unsteady process. In this paper, a low-frequency actuator is used to stimulate the fuel injection system of the rear step combustors, and the time series of the experimental pressure measurement of the combustors is analyzed qualitatively. It is found that the periodic excitation signal will trigger the modal conversion of the frequency and amplitude of the combustors, which makes the intermittent state of the system appear obviously in advance or lag phenomenon. Through the analysis of the pressure sequence recursion diagram, it is considered that the low frequency actuator excited by the high frequency periodic signal has an effect on the combustion state transition of the combustor.
Tension Calibration Technique for Pre-tightened Wire Rope with Both Ends Fixed Measured by Tensiometer
Authors: Wang Jie , Wang Hong , Du Jianghua , Zhou Shan , Li Xiaochun
Published: March 2022

The tension precision of pre-tightened wire rope with both ends fixed (PWRBEF) was very important for closed loop configuration (CCL) module of the satellite solar array. A high-precision, high-reliability and high-efficiency tension calibration technology for PWRBEF measured by tensiometer was presented in this paper. With the technique, a portable tension calibration system was established to carry on the calibration experiments, which can decouple the measurement error caused by all factors. The single or multiple factors relationship were analysed to eliminate the measurement error of PWRBEF. Depending on the experiments results, the calibration database was built to test and adjust the tension of the PWRBEF in the CCL module. The high compliance and consistency between the adjustment results of tension and the design requirements had been achieved. The deployment synchronization and deployment reliability of the solar array were effectively ensured.
Research on Safety Assessment Method on Integrated Modular Avionics Based on Cascading Effect Analysis
Authors: Cheng Ni , Shi Zhijian , Wang Yuqing
Published: March 2022

As a key airborne electronic system of civil aircraft, the safety of IMA is very important. IMA has many interconnected systems and wide influence scope, the influence of its failure consequences is difficult to determine, and therefore a method for IMA safety assessment based on IMA has many interconnected systems and wide influence scope, the influence of its failure consequences is difficult to determine, and therefore a method for IMA safety assessment based on Firstly single and combined IMA equipment failure modes are identified, and then for each IMA failure mode, Firstly single and combined IMA equipment failure modes are identified, and then for each IMA failure mode, direct effect on user system and indirect effect on interconnected system are analysed, multiple round interactions until all effects are captured, Finally aircraft-level effect is analysed, and through simulation experiment to further verify.
Research on methods of enhancing physical layer security of optical fiber communication system in the smart grid
Authors: Chen Wenhui , Mu Penghua
Published: March 2022

We investigate numerically the security enhanced optical communication which can be used in smart grid, while the time-delay signature suppression, intelligent control and high quality communication are reached at the same time. In this paper, the communication system includes the driven part, national dispatching control centre (NDCC) and the controlled substations (CSs). To enhance the security of communication system, the driven part which includes two semiconductor lasers, is employed to suppress the time-delay signature. Also, the chaos synchronization between NDCC and different CSs can be selectively realized by controlling the injection parameters. Finally, the high quality communication between NDCC and CS1 is discussed. This research paves the way to the application of chaotic communication in smart grid.
Distributed dispatching method of active distribution network considering multiple regulation resources
Authors: Lu Shuijin , Mo Yujie
Published: March 2022

In view of the low capacity of distribution network to accept renewable energy such as wind power and photovoltaic, which leads to the failure of active distribution network to achieve the expected economic benefits, a distributed scheduling method of active distribution network considering multiple regulation resources is proposed in this paper. In the case of multiple coupled energy access, the resource collaborative scheduling principle is designed, the business process of adjustable resources participating in the emergency coordination control of auxiliary distribution network is proposed, and the supply side resources and demand side resources are planned. The installation location and initial capacity of distributed generation are determined by network sensitivity factor method. After optimizing the capacity, the location and scale of distributed generation are obtained. Considering the load response and distribution of distributed generation, the distributed dispatching model of active distribution network is established with the goal of minimizing output cost and dispatching cost. The net annual value method is used to calculate the operation benefit increment of distribution network, so as to evaluate the effect of control. Taking the pilot project in Zhejiang as an example, the maximum operating benefit increment of this method is 367600 yuan, which is 32800 yuan and 45300 yuan higher than the scheduling method based on power load temporal and spatial correlation and risk distribution respectively, which can improve the operating benefit for the power grid company.
Research on magnetizing inrush current of microgrid based on Grey identification
Authors: Huang Qiyue , Jia Lizhu
Published: March 2022

With the large-scale access of wind and light energy, the power system is gradually developing towards the micro grid with low inertia. AC microgrid often uses multiple parallel transformers to supply power to the load at the same time. In case of power failure due to a fault or maintenance, the parallel transformer needs to be powered on and closed without load to restore power supply. The parallel transformer is easier to saturate, the core remanence is higher, and the peak value of inrush current is larger, which has an impact on the stability of microgrid. It will also lead to misoperation of transformer differential protection and affect the safe and stable operation of power system. Therefore, a switching method of parallel transformer based on Grey recognition is proposed. Firstly, the generation mechanism of inrush current is analyzed theoretically, and then the waveform shape characteristics are analyzed. The grey whitening weight clustering method is used to identify the feature set to complete the magnetizing inrush current locking and ensure that the protection does not misoperate. Finally, the PSCAD simulation model is established to simulate the AC microgrid to verify the feasibility of this method.
A Simple Method of Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring Based on BP Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Luhao , Zhu Hongwei
Published: March 2022

Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) is a method to breakdown the total power consumption into individual application, and it has great value for improving energy utilization. Deep-learning methods on high frequency data usually have a complex structure. Here, we use BP network with single hidden layer to achieve the task of NILM and get great results. The methods in this paper include event detection, feature extraction to get event-based differential current, data augmentation and application classification. BLUED dataset is used for this experiment. Our method has a good performance in BLUED dataset, with above 95% accuracy on phase A and B for application classification.
Simulation analysis of metal sheath and Armor loss of DC submarine cable based on COMSOL
Authors: You Yu-ning
Published: March 2022

The construction of submarine cable is recognized as a highly complex and difficult subject and project all over the world. Due to the special environment of the seabed, the submarine photoelectric composite cable needs protection. So armor was added. This makes the structure more complex and restricts the current carrying capacity. The loss of armor and metal sheath is the key factor restricting the current carrying capacity. Based on the finite element analysis method and COMSOL Multiphysics, this paper simulates and analyses the single core DC cable, and quantitatively explores the influence of different properties of armor materials on metal sheath and armor loss. It is concluded that the relative permeability of steel wire armor has a greater impact than conductivity in practical engineering, and the total loss of cable tends to be stable under high permeability. It has practical value and special significance for cable engineering construction.
Research on primary frequency modulation control strategy of wind power based on energy storage
Authors: Suo Dongnan
Published: March 2022

As a renewable energy, the uncontrollability of wind energy resources will cause the instability of the power grid. The research on the primary frequency modulation control strategy of wind power has become an urgent problem to be solved. Doubly fed wind power generation is the mainstream generator. The main methods of participating in frequency modulation include inertia control method and load shedding control method. This paper analyzes the doubly fed wind turbine model, analyzes its problems in the process of frequency modulation, and establishes the frequency modulation control strategy of wind turbine in the whole wind speed range by selecting the critical wind speed point. Energy storage technology has the advantages of instantaneous accurate response, safety and reliability. Based on the above, this paper studies the primary frequency modulation of wind power energy storage.
Flow separation sensing on airfoil using a 3D printed biomimetic artificial hair sensor
Authors: Rajasekaran Keshav , Bae Hyung Dae , Bergbreiter Sarah , Yu Miao
Published: March 2022

Small-scale unmanned air vehicles require lightweight, compact, and low-power sensors that encompass a variety of sensing modalities to enable flight control and navigation in challenging environments. Flow sensing is one such modality that has attracted much interest in recent years. In this paper, a micro-scale artificial hair sensor is developed to resolve both the direction and magnitude of airflow. The sensor structure employs a high-aspect ratio hair structure and a thin flexible membrane to facilitate the transduction of directional airflow to membrane deflection. The sensor readout is based on capacitive sensing and two pairs of electrodes orthogonal to each other are used to obtain airflow directional information. The sensor structure was fabricated using two-photon polymerization and integration onto a miniature printed circuit board to enable simple measurement. The sensor’s responses to static displacement loading from different directions were characterized. The experimental results are in good agreement with the simulation results. Furthermore, the sensor’s capability to measure the direction and magnitude of flow was demonstrated. Finally, the sensor was mounted on an airfoil and its ability to detect flow separation was verified.
Plant-inspired multi-stimuli and multi-temporal morphing composites
Authors: Le Ferrand Hortense , Riley Katherine S , Arrieta Andres F
Published: March 2022

Plants are inspiring models for adaptive, morphing systems. In addition to their shape complexity, they can respond to multiple stimuli and exhibit both fast and slow motion. We attempt to recreate these capabilities in synthetic structures, proposing a fabrication and design scheme for multi-stimuli and multi-temporal responsive plant-inspired composites. We leverage a hierarchical, spatially tailored microstructural and compositional scheme to enable both fast morphing through bistability and slow morphing through diffusion processes. The composites consisted of a hydrogel layer made of gelatine and an architected particle-reinforced epoxy bilayer. Using magnetic fields to achieve spatially distributed orientations of magnetically responsive platelets in each epoxy layer, complex bilayer architectural patterns in various geometries were realised. This feature enabled the study of plant-inspired complex designs, via finite element analysis and experiments. We present the design and fabrication strategy utilizing the material properties of the composites. The deformations and temporal responses of the resulting composites are analysed using digital image correlation. Finally, we model and experimentally demonstrate plant-inspired composite shells whose stable shapes closely mimic those of the Venus flytrap, while maintaining the multi-stimuli and multi-temporal responses of the materials. The key to achieving this is to tune the local in-plane orientations of the reinforcing particles in the bilayer shapes, to induce distributed in-plane mechanical properties and shrinkage. How these particles should be distributed is determined using finite element modelling. The work presented in this study can be applied to autonomous applications such as robotic systems.
Air pollution and economic growth nexus in Nigeria: the case for environmental sustainability
Authors: Nchege Johnson , Okpalaoka Chijindu
Published: March 2022

This research investigates the link between air pollution and economic growth in Nigeria from 1985 to 2019 using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) methodology. Air pollution was captured by nitrous oxide emission and carbon dioxide emission, while economic growth was proxied by gross domestic product (GDP). Empirical results showed that gross fixed capital formation (domestic investment) had a significant positive impact on the gross domestic product, butnitrous oxide emission and carbon dioxide emission had negative and insignificant impacts on gross domestic product. Based on the above, the study recommended the introduction and proper implementation of more policies like carbon taxingin specific industries emitting large volume of greenhouse gases – like cement and petrochemical industries. Also, revenue from this form of tax should be invested in projects that would generate employment opportunities for the people, especially the youths.The study also suggests that the government implement policies to promote domestic green hydrogen investments.
Investigating the epidemiological factors responsible for malaria transmission dynamics
Authors: Adegbite Gbenga , Edeki Sunday , Isewon Itunuoluwa , Dokunmu Titilope , Rotimi Solomon , Oyelade Jelili , Adebiyi Ezekiel
Published: March 2022

Despite concerted efforts by the World Health Organization (WHO) to control malaria, it is still being diagnosed in patients visiting hospitals in Tropical Countries of the World. Hence, this study investigated the risk factors responsible for malaria transmission dynamics through a hospital case study. Data of patients that presented with malaria from June 2019 to December 2020 were acquired from Covenant University Medical Centre in Ota, South West Nigeria. Descriptive statistical analyses were carried out so as to examine the factors associated with malaria incidence rate such as age, gender and travel history using the R programming platform. 14% of the total outpatient visits from June 2019 to December 2020 presented with malaria. Furthermore, the mean of the ages of those that presented with malaria, was 23.10 whereas the median of their ages was 22.0. Out of the total malaria cases, 57.7% were males whereas 42.3% were females. Results also showed that there was a significant positive correlation between malaria and travel. In conclusion, it is recommended that malaria control policy formulators should focus on the most vulnerable group of individuals as identified in this study. Further, more efforts should be geared towards curbing malaria importation as a result of human travel, by the different health authorities across the globe.