bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hardware Design for Simulating the Chaos in Electric Arc Furnace
Authors: Wang Yu Fei , Zhang Jian Yun , Xue Hua
Published: December 2013

A chaotic circuit was designed to simulate the chaotic phenomenon observed in power supply system of electric arc furnace (EAF). Based on volt-ampere characteristic of the negative resistance converter (NRC) composed of the integrated operational amplifier (IOA), two NRCs with different parameters are connected in parallel in this circuit. The positive and negative power supply sources of the IOA are unequal in voltage amplitude. Experimental results show that the circuit has characteristics of general Chuas circuits and can generate an asymmetric double-scroll chaotic attractor, which helps establish the foundation for chaotic model of AC arc furnace used to study power quality.
Design of Driving Circuit of Area Array CCD with Interline Transfer Based on FPGA
Authors: Li Zhao , Xu Lei
Published: December 2013

In this paper, FPGA is chosen as the hardware design platform, on the base of sufficient analysis of ICX204AL's working principle and driving timing, the driving timing of CCD is described with Verilog HDL in the development environment of QuartusII 9.0. Finally, Modelsim SE 6.4a is employed to carry on the simulation to verify the accuracy of the design. The result shows that the driving circuit design can meet the demands of ICX204AL, and the CCD can work stably.
A Novel Pulse Frequency Modulation Technique for DC/DC Converter
Authors: Liu Shu Lin , Zhang Ni Na
Published: December 2013

In order to improve the efficiency of DC/DC converter and cut down its power loss, a novel pulse frequency modulation technique is put forward. Based on the traditional PFM, the turn-on time of the switch is reduced by current limit circuit in the case of light-load, short-circuit or other faults. Thus, the light-load loss and the short circuit current are diminished sharply. Applied the novel PFM technology, a monolithic DC-DC converter is designed, and the simulation analysis by Cadence and tape-out test results both verify the correctness and the feasibility of this design.
Research on a Nonlinear Control Strategy for Three-Phase Voltage Sources PWM Rectifier with Resistive and Inductive Load
Authors: Ma Xian Qin , Wang Jiu He , Dong Ting Ting
Published: December 2013

The mathematical model of three-phase voltage sources Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) rectifier is nonlinear, in view of the traditional linear control strategys weak disturbance-rejection ability with resistive and inductive load, a new passivity-based control strategy was proposed according to passivity-based control theory. Energy shaping method based on PCHD (Port Control Hamiltonian with Dissipation) model and the IDA-PBC (Interconnection and Damping Assignment Passivity Based Control) control algorithm is adopted to design passivity-based controller, which is able to make the energy function have the minimum value when rectifier is at the desired point, thus improving the stability and the load disturbance-rejection ability. Simulation results show that passivity-based control method can make this system possess the high-performance of robustness and dynamic.
The Application of Phase Shift Control Technology in the Ultrasonic Power supply
Authors: Zhang Jia Min , Hong Xuan , Zhu Wu , Zhai Cheng Qiang
Published: December 2013

With the increasingly wide use of power ultrasound technology in many department of the country, a new type of high-power ultrasound electric generator is urgently required. In this paper, UC3875 is used to be the core of the control system to generate the phase-shift that can control the waveform to drive IGBT so that the duty cycle of the full-bridge inverter can be changed. In this way, the output power can be controlled. Track the system frequency by using the principle of phase-locked loop and designing the frequency and tracking circuit properly. Compare the manual tuning with frequency automatic tracking by the experiment. As is shown in the experiment, the way to control can enable the stability of the power supply and the speed of dynamic response and the frequency tracking accuracy can reach 92.86%.
Modeling and Simulation of Pressure Control Logic Module in Pressurizer of Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Yu Miao Lei , Zhao Xian Ping , Niu Yong Zhe , Yang Ping
Published: December 2013

In view of the simulation problems of pressure control logic module in PWR nuclear power plant, a complete simulation model has been designed by using simulation software package Simulink. Based on the simulation test of the typical test signal, the model is proved to be effective and correct.
Improved GSA-GA Algorithm Based Bad Data Detection, Identification and Correction for Power Grid
Authors: Liang Hai Feng , Shen Ding Hui , Yu Xiao Lei , Zhang Jing , Wang Cheng Shan
Published: December 2013

This paper presents an improved GSA-GA algorithm to achieve bad-data detection, identification and correction in power grid. The algorithm combines BP neural network, K-means clustering algorithm, gap statistical algorithm (GSA) and genetic algorithm together. BP neural network preprocesses the data, K-means algorithm clusters the preprocessed data and GSA algorithm determines the optimal clustering number and identifies the presence of bad data. After identifying the bad data, GA-BP algorithm is used to correct the identified data. This paper takes simulation tests to verify the proposed algorithms correctness and effectiveness based on actual grid data considering multiple types of existed bad data.
Data Intergration of Power Information System Based on Ontology
Authors: Ruan Jun , Zhang Pan , Xiao Xing Ping
Published: December 2013

Power system data distributed in different locations of heterogeneous information systems on the multiple network . These systems are different in the architecture and also in different areas of expertise. In view of the above questions thispaper has proposed a power system integrated research plan baseed on ontology, mainly discussed on local ontology mapping between the data source. Focus on how to convert from the database relational model to OWL ontology and gives the ER model to OWL ontology from the conversion algorithm. Compared with the similar method, this method is automated build ontology, and overcomed the manually created ontology can bring a lot of tedious work.
Study on Rush-Repair Scheme for Distribution Network Fault
Authors: Zhang Wen Bin , Chen Xin He , Zhou Jing , Wang Jing Tao
Published: December 2013

The subject addressed is the rush-repair scheme for distribution network fault. Organization structure of rush-repair scheme is first built and rush-repair process is proposed. Confronted with the need of higher quality and higher efficiency of distribution network fault rush-repair, rush-repair command platform is developed for command center to enhance the rush-repair efficiency. The information exchanged between command platform and related various application systems is also described in detail. The proposed rush-repair scheme will provide practical techniques for efficiency improvement of fault rush-repair work of distribution network, and thus mostly abbreviate power recovery time.
3D Remodeling of Molds Broken Area Based on Reverse Engineering
Authors: Li Jin Hua , Zhang De Qiang , Zhang Jian Li , Cheng Jie , Yao Fang Ping
Published: December 2013

The mold’s broken area is irregular, so it is difficult to model by traditional method. It puts forwards to remodel the mold’s broken area by Reverse Engineering technology. Non-contact measurement and contact measurement are both used to measure the broken mold. The pretreatment tasks are done including the point cloud data reduction Chord where the deviation sampling method is used. The surface model of the mold is remodeled and solidified. The broken area is extracted and solidified, and it provides the important data for the following repairing work.
Dynamics Simulation Research of Planar Four-Bar Mechanism with Multi-Joint Clearance
Authors: Bo Shao Jun , Wang Xiao
Published: December 2013

On the basis of dynamics simulation software ADAMS, we built dynamics models of planar four-bar mechanism, it built the model of contact force and friction to analysis the dynamics simulation of mechanism. we made a preliminary study on the effect on the flexible components and the backlash of the kinematic pair on mechanical system dynamics characteristics. The result showed that mechanism with single joint clearance had little influence on the mechanism speed and had some impact on mechanism acceleration. Mechanism with multi-joint clearance had bigger effect on the mechanism and acceleration appeared noticeable fluctuation, this model was closer to the phenomenon of objects movements in reality. The simulation results provided reliable reference of mechanical design.
Structure Design of Inner Lubricating Wheel with Vane Impeller Base on Green Grinding
Authors: Huo Wen Guo , Cai Lan Rong , Shao Juan , Yang Feng
Published: December 2013

The new wheel could reduce grinding friction and prevent of chip adhesion by lubrication between wheel and workpiece surface. Lubrication mechanism of inner impeller wheel has been analyzed; the entrance of the impeller diameter, number of leaves and leaf shape and other parameter has been calculated also. It makes use of airflow force and centrifugal force of high speed rotating wheel, solid lubricant filled in wheel inner room through lateral grooves, end distribution of fine holes penetrate into wheel surface.
Optimization Allocation of Standalone Microgrid Capacity Based on the Complementary Characteristic of Wind and Solar
Authors: Li Cheng , Yang Xiu , Zhang Mei Xia , Fu Chen Zhao , Wang Hai Bo
Published: December 2013

For the optimal sizing problem of solar-wind-diesel-battery hybrid microgrid, the economic model of optimal sizing was built with the objective that takes daily costs of equipment, operation and maintenance, fuels, environment protection into account. Meanwhile the blackout penalty fee and wasted energy penalty fee also are included in the economic model. The optimal capacity configurations of different power sources in the system were solved by genetic algorithm under optimal investment condition and considering constraints of the reliability of power supply, the complementary of wind and solar, battery charge and discharge times. The reasonableness of the proposed models is verified by case study results.
Shift Control Strategy of Three-Parameter for AMT
Authors: Zhao Zhen , Chen Yong , Cai Yu Xi
Published: December 2013

The shift strategy affects the vehicle dynamic performance, ride quality directly. On the basis of the shift control strategy analysis for the traditional ICE vehicle, throttle, speed and acceleration were chosen as control parameters to determine the shift strategy. The determined three-parameter shift strategy was simulated in the CRUISE software environment. The shift quality was evaluated by two criteria. The simulation results show that the design of the shift control strategy can effectively improve the vehicle dynamic performance and shifting comfort.
Parking Guidance System Based on RFID
Authors: Sun Rong Chun , Piao Yan
Published: December 2013

With the rapid increase of vehicles, the problem of parking has become very serious. So to guidance drivers to park is significant. A parking guidance system was proposed. Firstly, parking place is divided into different regions. Then the state of the parking space in a parking region is detected by ultrasound sensor, and the state of the parking region in a parking is detected by RFID reader. Through the internet of things, the state information is transmitted to the control center in real time that mainly is an industrial computer and is responsible for dealing with the state information and sending guidance commands to displaying signs, which are at crossroad and guidance passing cars. The experiment results show that the parking guidance system works well, and has the value of application and promotion to some extent.
Combining AHP and TOPSIS Methods to Evaluate Investment for Wind Farm Construction
Authors: Zhang Xiang Feng
Published: December 2013

Wind is one of the most promising sources of alternative energy. The construction of wind farms grows quickly in China. It is necessary for stakeholders to estimate investment costs and make good decisions on a wind power project by making a budget for the investment. However, the identification of rational investment practices is technically challenging because of the lack of scientific tools to evaluate optimal decisions. A multi-criteria evaluation method was proposed to select rational investment strategy for wind farm construction. The method is based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) together with a technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). A decision problem hierarchy with three layers were investigated. The top layer is an objective layer for evaluating the investment rationality. The intermediate layer includes three evaluation criteria, that is, configuration of wind turbine generator systems, physical environment and social environment. Some relative and important indicators for each criterion are in the low layer. The evaluation results illustrate that the proposed method is practical and helpful to indentify the investment rationality for wind farms.
An Improved Fast Normalized Cross Correlation Algorithm
Authors: Dong Yu Bing , Li Ming Jing , Li Guo Xin
Published: December 2013

Using logical criterion based on the characteristics of binary image, the normalized cross-correlation algorithm is improved. First, the binary of gray image is carried out. The target and the background are made a distinction between 0 and 1. Second, through the logic correlation matching, two images of the same location value equal to 1, otherwise 0. Finally, the correlation coefficient is calculated. The experimental results show that the improved normalized cross-correlation algorithm can speed up the matching, without affecting the accuracy of the matching.
On Boundedness of Random Solutions of Perturbed Stochastic Discrete Systems
Authors: Wang Wu Sheng , Wang Ming Jian , Lin Yuan Hua
Published: December 2013

Using finite difference inequalities, we study the boundedness of random solutions of the stochastic perturbation discrete system of the linear stochastic discrete system. The stochastic perturbation discrete system includes an operator. We obtain the conditions under which the random solutions of the stochastic perturbation discrete system are bounded.
Research of Location Technology Based on Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Zheng Mei Lin , Zhai Pei Pei , Zou Xu
Published: December 2013

The node localization algorithms based on distance measurement are mainly studied in this paper.A stepwise weighted positioning algorithm based on distance measurement is designed on the basis of analyzing several typical positioning algorithms,static nodes positioning under natural environment is achieved. On this basis,with STMS32 selected as a core chip in the paper,the basic system circuit and peripheral interface circuit of node device is designed,and then using the development software BeeKit and CodeWarrior for node software design,localization algorithm is testedthrough experiment.After analyzing the results,the algorithm is mostly influenced by the RSSI ranging error,the coarse positioning of node can be achieved.
Construction Materials Management System Design Based on Barcode
Authors: Guo Jing
Published: December 2013

There are many Problems which Affect the Enterprise’s Operation Efficiency Seriously and Result in Material Purchase Backlog, such as the Building Materials of Data Statistics are Not Accurate, which can Not Reflect the Company's Material Inventory; Inventory Check is Time-Consuming and Tedious; Lack of Timely Feedback of Information and so on. Based on the above Reasons we Put Forward to Manage the Building Materials by Barcode Technology. this Method can Effectively Improve the Working Efficiency and make the Statistical Data Accurate, Speed up the Capital Turnover and Improve the Economic Benefit.
Design of Intellectualized Monitoring Module Based on CAN Fieldbus for Air Pipeline of Marine
Authors: Cui Liang Zhong , Guo Fu Liang , Ang Chao Qun , Zhou Gang
Published: December 2013

An intelligent module is design for monitoring air pipeline pressure on ship. The project is proposed adopting DSP as control core and employing redundant CAN bus to ensure the data transmission reliability. The key solution such as power supply, signal conditioning and communication are introduced in detail. The intelligent diagnosis and communication protocol are also discussed in the end.
Based on Wireless Sensing Network Electronic Car License System Design and Research
Authors: Liu Qiang , Yang Shu Chen , Wang Jun , Zhao Hang
Published: December 2013

The article main introduction take the STC monolithic integrated circuit as master control MCU,through MCU in car license inserting realization to vehicles information read,as well as carries on localization tracing to the vehicles,and through special-purpose equipment read car license in information.
The Research on Cloud Manufacturing Service Discovery Strategy Based on Mapping Reuse
Authors: Zhao Zhen
Published: December 2013

In view of the heterogeneous gulf between service providers and resource service demanders in cloud manufacturing platform, an ontology mapping reusing algorithm was proposed to improve the performance of service discovery. Firstly, a semantic bipartite graph between the concepts profile was built to get the similarity of neighboring concepts from the best match of the bipartite graph. Then inspired by the similarity transmission between neighboring concepts, whether the new mapping should be established was decided by the existing mapping and the similar degree between the neighboring concepts. Finally, I testified the algorithm by an experiment.
A Fractional-order Sobel Operator for Medical Image Structure Feature Extraction
Authors: Tian Dan , Wu Jing Fei , Yang Ya Jie
Published: December 2013

This paper proposes a novel fractional-order gradient operator for medical image structure feature extraction. The proposed operator can be seen as generalization of the first-order Sobel operator. The goal is to utilize the frequency characteristic of the fractional derivative for extracting more structure feature details. A thresholding is set based on the average fractional-order gradient for marking the edge points, and then the image structure can be extracted. Experiments show that the proposed fractional-order operator yields good visual effects.
Topic Detection and Tracking Method for Tibetan Network
Authors: Deng Jing Wei , Deng Kai Ying , Li Ying Xing
Published: December 2013

Internet has become an important tool to gain information; how to effectively detect hot topics from a lot of network information sources, e.g., Tibetan network, seems to be an urgent issue. Traditional hot topic is mainly based on the number of comments to get and the topic contents are usually not considered. In this letter, we study the approach of content-based relevance, i.e., based on user browsing behavior and the topic attention degree to discover the hot topic. And use the complex network theory to analyze the tracking model.
The Application Research on Logistics of Dangerous Chemical Cargoes Based on the Technology of Internet of Things
Authors: Lin Hui Dan , Gao Geng Jun
Published: December 2013

The technology of Internet of things would realize information transfer and sharing of global cargos and represent the development trend of future network, which at the same time will become the important foundation of economic development, social progress and scientific and technological innovation. Combined with the characteristics of the logistics industry of dangerous chemical cargoes this paper analyzes the key requirements of the transportation process and on this basis, it also tries to apply the technology of Internet of things on monitoring the process of logistics of dangerous chemical cargoes. In this reason, the paper designs the corresponding framework and its safety monitoring management information platform on its transportation process in order to give some hinder for safety and work efficiency of the logistics of dangerous chemical cargoes.
Reliability Analysis of Suspension Bridge Using Gaussian Process Based Response Surface Method
Authors: Zhao Wei , Su Guo Shao , Hu Li Hua
Published: December 2013

Aiming to the problems of low precision using traditional response surface method for structural reliability analysis with high nonlinear implicit performance function, Gaussian process regression (GPR) model reconstructing response surface was hybridized into the checking design point method for solving the reliability. Then, an iterative algorithm is presented to reduce the errors of GPR response surface self-adaptively. Thus, a new method namely Gaussian process based response surface for reliability analysis of suspension bridge was proposed. The research results show that the proposed method is feasible. The proposed method has advantages of high efficiency and excellent adaptability for reliability analysis of the complex structural such as suspension bridge.
The Optimal Spinning Reserve Considering Wind Power Prediction Deviation
Authors: Jin Xiao Ming , Zhao Dong Mei , Li Long Long , Zhang Dong Hui
Published: December 2013

With the capacity of wind power into power system increasing year by year, the impact of wind power characteristics (random and intermittent) on the system stable equilibrium is outstanding. To configure spinning reserve properly, this paper establishes a relatively complete optimization model of spinning reserve for power system with wind integrated. Using the similar samples to train prediction model, the precision of prediction is improved. The equivalent load duration curve (ELDC) considering load fluctuations and unit outage, is revised by analyzing the probability density of wind power prediction deviation. And the last, this paper gives an example to verify the theory.
Oral English Teaching Context Construction Based on New Media Environment
Authors: Cao Dong Bo
Published: December 2013

Along with the increasing requirement of society to the students English ability, college students' English learning should focus on students' practical English comprehensive ability, especially for the purpose of the ability of oral communication. This paper discussed the important role of the construction of university spoken English context to oral capability, and it proposed the strategies of the university English context construction based on new media environment.
Performance Testing and Dimensional Analysis of Multi-Blade Wind Turbine for Low Wind Speed Applications
Authors: Keawsuntia Yuttachai
Published: December 2013

This article is to present the study results of small multi blade wind turbine for use in low wind speed area. In this experiment, the wind turbine has a diameter is 1 m, 30 blades. Each blade has the chord length of 6.5 cm, the length of 0.25 m, which has a curvature plate ratio of 0.15, and blade setting angle of 30 degree. Wind turbine was tested by wind tunnel at wind velocity of 3, 4 and 5 m/s. The results from the test run of, this the wind turbine give maximum mechanical power in each wind velocity of 3.66, 9.91 and 21.76 watts, respectively. From the dimensional analysis of wind rotor turbine by using Buckingham Pi theorem, the wind turbine is up to two times as large that is 2 m diameter; give maximum mechanical power increased to 14.64, 39.24 and 87.04 watts, this power can be generate electric power or use for water pumping for a household.
A Decision Model to Estimate Contingency Budget for Complex Equipment Development Projects
Authors: Zeng Jun Wei , Wei Fa Jie , Wu Fang
Published: December 2013

Development of equipment is a complex process, which exposures to a great number of risks. Hence, many researchers suggest that organizations need to improve their ability to identify and to manage associated risks. To improve the risk management in complex equipment development projects, a pragmatic procedure is suggested to determine the size of a project's contingency plan budget at any specified level of certainty. Considering the interaction among risk factors, a method based on common risk factors and copula functions is used to model and quantify positive dependence between risks.
The Struture Model and Empirical for the Satellite Navigation Engineering Project Risk Management
Authors: Yang Chao
Published: December 2013

Project risk management is a vital dimension of project management. Based on the theory of metasynthesis, this dissertation analyses the risk of some satellite navigation engineering project from three aspects of "time", "module" and "risk management logic". Taking this frame as outline, the paper forms a three-dimensional structure model and conducts the empirical research with approaches of grade holographic modelling method, AHP and various risk management techniques. At last, the study concludes some significant guidance on methodology and application for the satellite navigation engineering project.
Analysis on the Policies of Wind Power Generation Industry in China - In the Perspective of Externality Theory
Authors: Ren Ping , Zuo Yi Shu
Published: December 2013

Policies of the burgeoning wind power industry in China are sorted out and a comparative analysis on such policies and those in countries advanced in wind power development is made in the perspective of externality theory in the paper; then, disadvantages are summarized and constructive suggestions are proposed combined with foreign experience and these disadvantages in China.
A MPPT Strategy for Wind Power PMSG System with Full Power Converter
Authors: Qu Ke Qing , Yang Chong , Zhao Jin Bin
Published: December 2013

The direct-drive permanent-magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) system with full power converter can achieve wind maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in wide range variation of wind-speed. In this paper an operating characteristic of PMSG is investigated, a MPPT strategy based on hill climbing method for PMSG are present. Simulation and experimental results show that the controllers can extract maximum wind power in good dynamic performance.
A Solar Powered Battery Charger with Pulse Charging Method and Maximum Power Point Tracking Method
Authors: Li Xiao Gang , Zheng Yi Hui , Wang Xin , Li Li Xue , Liu Yan
Published: December 2013

Due to today's energy shortage and low efficiency of the photovoltaic conversion, the solar charging technology becomes more and more important. In this paper, the design of a solar powered battery charger with both pulse charging method and maximum power point tracking method is proposed. While the photovoltaic panels output power is small, the pulse charging method is used to prevent lead-acids sulfation reaction. The maximum power point tracking method is used while the photovoltaic panels output power is large to increase the charging efficiency. In the end, an application result is given out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the solar charger.
Feature Analysis during Corn Stover being Enzymatic Hydrolyzed into Fermentable Sugars
Authors: Zhang Xia , Ma Xiao Jian
Published: December 2013

Abstract. The feature change of corn stover and sugar concentration have been studied during it being enzymatic hydrolyzed. The feature change of corn stover during enzyme hydrolysis process is analyzed by the biological microscope and scanning electron microscopy. The sugar concentration is tested by ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometer. The sugar concentration is obvious rising in enzyme hydrolysis 1h and will keep rising during the whole enzyme hydrolysis process. The reducing concentration of 15%(w/w) corn stover steam explosion is 57.5g/L. Fibrous grain size gradually decreases and its quantity also reduces in enzyme hydrolysis process. Globular solid particles significantly increase in enzyme hydrolysis 48 h. The shapes of corn stover steam explosion are mainly fibrous. But there are a lot of slivers and cracks on the fiber surface, the fiber bundles are separated, and there are some cavity structures. Fiber is gradually broken into small particles, the particles internal cavity further increase, but the splitting and crack quantity decreases in enzyme hydrolysis 12 h. However, in enzyme hydrolysis 48 h, the internal cavities of the grains increase, and the quantity of slivers and cracks also increase, which shows that that parts of the crystallization cellulose are catalyzed into soluble glucose by enzyme in later enzyme hydrolysis reaction stage.
Electricity Generation from Crystal Violet Using a Single-Chambered Microbial Fuel Cell Inoculated Aeromonas hydrophila YC 57
Authors: Cheng Chiu Yu , Liang Fang Yu , Chung Ying Chien
Published: December 2013

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) provides a new opportunity for the sustainable production of energy from the textile wastewater. However, limited studies revealed the high electricity generation using a single-chambered MFC in treating crystal violet (CV) containing wastewater. This study isolated an exoelectrogen Aeromonas hydrophila YC 57, inoculated to a single-chambered MFC and intended to achieve a high power output. The results showed that the removal efficiency of CV and coulombic efficiency of MFC by A. hydrophila YC 57 were achieved at 82.5±0.7% and 57.2±0.5% at initial CV concentration of 100 mg/L, respectively. The maximum power generation of MFC was 240±5.6 mW/m2. Results of cyclic voltammogram hinted the intermediate products of CV dye played roles of mediators. Toxicity studies revealed that metabolites of CV produced by A. hydrophila YC 57 were nontoxic. To our knowledge, this is the first time to demonstrate the electricity characteristics of a single-chambered MFC inoculated A. hydrophila YC 57.
Predicting Main Fatty Acids, Oil and Protein Content in Intact Single Seeds of Groundnut by near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Chuan Tang , Wang Xiu Zhen , Tang Yue Yi , Wu Qi , Xu Jian Zhi , Hu Dong Qing , Qu Bo
Published: December 2013

Eighty-four, 61 and 105 groundnut seeds, including high oleate genotypes and F2 seeds of normal oleate × high oleate crosses, genotypes with high or low oil and F2 seeds from high oil × low oil crosses, and randomly selected samples representing various origins, different seed sizes, and varied seed coat color and protein content, were used to develop the NIRS models for main fatty acids, oil and protein. For oleic, linoleic and palmitic acid, the optimized spectrum pretreatment method was first derivative plus multiplicative scattering correction; for stearic acid and the four bad fatty acids, first derivative plus vector normalization. The Rcal2 and RMSECV for oleic acid were 97.20% and 2.65%; for linoleic acid, 96.90% and 2.40%; and for palmitic acid, 93.39% and 0.53%, respectively. The best spectrum pretreatment method for oil and protein was first derivative plus multiplicative scattering correction and min-max normalization. For oil and protein, the Rcal2 was 89.06% and 91.45%, and RMSECV, 0.89% and 0.78%, respectively. The NIRS models can be used to develop groundnut cultivars both with high oil and with high oleate to cater the growing need for biodiesel production.
Effects of Primary Settling Tank on Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal in a Full-Scale AAO Process
Authors: Zhou Zhen , Qiao Wei Min , Muhemaiti Rezihan , Li Zhen , Jiang Ling Yan , Wei Hai Juan
Published: December 2013

Effects of primary settling tank (PST) on phosphorus removal and the ratio of denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteria (DPB) to phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) in a full-scale anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic (AAO) process were investigated by field survey and batch test. The AAO process without PST showed higher phosphorus removal efficiency than that with PST. In the anoxic tank, the phenomenon of anoxic phosphorus uptake and anaerobic phosphorus release were observed in the AAO process without and with PST, respectively. The DBP/PAOs ratio was 46% and 39% in the AAO process with and without PST, respectively. The AAO process with PST yielded higher microbial activities than that without PST.
Unconventional Type of Biomass Suitable for the Production of Biofuels
Authors: Blinová Lenka , Bartošová Alica , Sirotiak Maroš
Published: December 2013

Production of biofuel from renewable sources is considered to be one of the most sustainable alternatives to petroleum sourced fuels. Biofuels are also viable means for environmental and economic sustainability. Biofuels are divided into four generations. At present microalgae are presented as an ideal third generation biofuel feedstock because of their rapid growth rate and they also do not compete with food or feed crops, and can be produced on non-arable land. Microalgae have broad bioenergy potential because they can be used to produce liquid transportation and heating fuels (bioethanol, biodiesel). In this paper we present an overview about biofuels generation, especially about using duckweed for bioethanol production.
Economic Analysis of Biogas Cogeneration Systems of Medium-Sized Breeding Plants
Authors: Liao Lina , Liu Qing Rong , Ruan Ying Jun , Wu Jia Zheng , Zhang Ya Peng
Published: December 2013

More and more countries are focusing on the lack of resources with the consumption of large quantities of fossil energy. The Chinese government is actively promoting the policies related to the transformation of the energy structure which will increase the proportion of clean energy consumption and reduce the proportion of fossil energy consumption in order to relieve the pressure on domestic energy. Interest in the generation of biogas from agricultural residues is increasing rapidly due to its climate benefits. This article is committed to analysis the economic performance of the biogas cogeneration energy supply system of livestock and poultry breeding plants in southern China. The model of the biogas cogeneration energy supply system of livestock and poultry breeding plants in southern China and the advices to the government will also been proposed as a result. According to the results, biogas cogeneration system is feasible in economy with reasonable device configuration and operating strategy.
New Approach to Fabricate Microcapsules with Comb-Like Copolymer Shell by Phase Separation Method
Authors: Tang Xiao Fen , Li Wei , Zhang Xing Xiang
Published: December 2013

Microcapsules containing n-octadecane (MicroC18) with n-octadecyl methacrylate (ODMA)-methacrylic acid (MAA) copolymer shell were fabricated through phase separation method, in which the shell-forming copolymers synthesized by free-radical solution polymerization. Meanwhile, theses copolymers were employed as the surfactant during microencapsulation. The crystallization temperature and crystallinity degree of comb-like copolymer display a gradual decrease with an increase the molar ratio of MAA. MicroC18 with spherical profiles and the diameter ranging from 3 to 20 μm were fabricated. In addition, the system pH value plays an important role in the formation process of microcapsules and the optimum value of pH in the range of 8.5-10.5.
Thermal Conductivity Enhancement in a Latent Heat Storage Device
Authors: Guo Cha Xiu , Wang Ding Bao , Hu Gao Lin
Published: December 2013

High conductivity porosity materials are proposed to enhance the phase change materials (PCM) in order to solve the problem of low conductivity of PCM in the latent heat storage device (LHSD), and two-dimensional numerical simulation is conducted to predict the performance of the PCM by CFD software. During the phase change process, the PCM is heated from the solid state to the liquid phase in the process of melting and from the liquid phase to the solid state in the solidification process. The results show that porosity materials can improve heat transfer rate effectively, but the effect of heat transfer of Al foam is superior to that of graphite foam although the heat storage capacity is almost the same for both. The heat transfer is enhanced and the solidification time of PCM is decreased since the effective thermal conductivity of composite PCM is increased.
Investigation of Annealing Effect on Optoelectronic Performance of Active Layer in Poly Organic Solar Cell
Authors: Wang Chuan Kun , Ma Heng , Li Meng , Gong Xiu , Li Chen Xi
Published: December 2013

This paper reports mainly a work of the influence of annealing on the solar cell which the active layer is made from poly (3-hexylthiophene) and [6,-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester. XRD analysis of the active layer indicates that the layer annealing can improve the film crystallization. With the reducing of light reflection rate, the light transmittance rate improves due to the annealing treatment of the active layer. Comparing in various annealing temperature, it is found that a better result can be obtained when the annealing temperature is 140 °C. At this annealing temperature, the organic solar cell brings out relatively high conversion efficiency in the experiment.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Validation of a Vertical U-Tube Ground Heat Exchanger
Authors: Gao Yi Ke , Gao Yan , Yu Yong , Lin Xin Xing
Published: December 2013

Vertical U-tube ground heat exchanger (GHE) is a key component in geothermal energy utilization systems like ground source heat pump (GSHP). This paper used a two-dimensional transient mathematical model for predicting the heat extraction rate of a vertical U-tube GHE, which also took into account the temperature distribution under the ground. Furthermore the modelling predictions were validated using experimental data. The experimental validation on the model was performed in a GSHP system with a double U-tube GHE, which was of 55m depth. For temperature distribution under the ground, the absolute error and relative error between experiment and simulation are within 0.62°C and 3.71 %. Simulation results agreed well with the experimental results that validate the feasibility of the mathematical model.
The Dispatch Method Based on Demand Response under the Pressure of Energy-Saving
Authors: Wang Shu Xiang , Liu Ji Chun , Deng Chuang , Zheng Wei Dong , Xu Hou Dong , Zhang Fang , Zhang Peng
Published: December 2013

To promote the development of energy-saving dispatch under the pressure of energy saving and environmental protection, this paper proposes an energy-saving dispatch method based on considering demand response, which establishes a bi-level optimization model based on the optimal allocation plan of thermal units and interruptible loads, and solve the problem with improved NSGA-II and sensitivity analysis between unit interrupt capacity and thermal unit output. The case study shows that this model can decrease the pollutants at both generation side and demand side significantly with guaranteeing the economic of power grid operation. The model can also give the dispatch schedule of thermal units and interruptible loads accurately and thus has some use value.
Review of Economic Operation Optimization Strategy of Photovoltaic Grid-Connected System
Authors: Du Yang , Cao Wei , Li Wan Xin
Published: December 2013

Economy is one of the main factors for the development of photovoltaic grid-connected system. From the view of economic operation in this article, four aspects of photovoltaic grid-connected system are reviewed, including the component modeling, the objective function, constraints and optimization strategies. Typical research methods used in economic operation are analyzed, and the key issues about photovoltaic grid-connected system operation are pointed out.
Aspen Optimization of Heat Exchange Network for the Conversion System of Sulphuric Acid Made with the Sulphur
Authors: Wang Bin , Luo Kang Bi , Jia Yu , Li Hu Ping
Published: December 2013

This paper takes the conversion system of sulphuric acid plant made with the sulphur as research object, utilizes Aspen Energy Analyzer software and pinch technology to improve and optimize for the current heat exchange network of conversion system. The heat exchange network optimized by Aspen software is under the premise of reaching the requirement of heat exchange, its heat transfer area, utilities and operating cost reaches the minimum, achieving energy saving, and it provides a new approach for the optimal design of heat exchange network.
Research on Resistance Spot Welding of DP980 Dual Phase Steel
Authors: Feng Qiao Bo , Zhu Yun Feng , Zhao He Xin
Published: December 2013

The process parameters and quality of resistance spot welding for DP980 dual phase steel were studied through the orthogonal experiment method, and the influence of welding current, welding time and electrode force on the strength of welding joint has been discussed. The results show that the welding current has the greatest influence on the quality of welding joint for DP980 dual phase steel, and it needs relatively lower welding current for the DP980 dual phase steel as it has high resistivity, and appropriate increasing of electrode force is a feasible way to avoid the defect of shrinkage and it improves the joint strength.
A Review of Pt-Based Anode Catalysts Preparation for Direct Ethanol Fuel Cell
Authors: Zhou Yang , Xu Qun Jie
Published: December 2013

Due to the intensifying energy crisis, the fuel cell research gradually becomes a hot spot, because it is non-toxic, cleaning, inexpensive and easy to obtain. However, there are still many problems in DEFC research, such as cathode, anode catalyst, battery electrode preparation and others. This paper reviews the preparation methods of DEFC anode catalyst, including impregnation reduction method, microemulsion method, and the other methods.
Electrical Characterization of YSZ/YSZ-NiO Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Liu Wen De , Kang Zhen Feng , Li Qiang , Zheng Ping Ping , Ding Tie Zhu
Published: December 2013

This study is focused on the elaboration of 8 mol.% yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) thin films onto porous supporting NiOYSZ anode substrates using pulsed laser deposition (PLD),and their microstructural and electrical characterizations. Better crystallinity and grain connectivity is observed increasing the deposition temperature until best values are obtained at 500°C. The greater relative conductivity enhancement is found at 300-500°C. The observed an increased conductivity at lower temperatures may be caused by a combination of nanoscaled effect of the YSZ thin film and interfacial effects between YSZ thin film and substrate.
Progress of Research on Modification in Polybutylene Terephthalate
Authors: Wang Rui Yuan , Chen Xiao Dong , Xu Qun Jie
Published: December 2013

This paper introduces the characteristics and application of polybutylene terephthalate, and then focus on the researches to remove its disadvantages. On this basis, we discuss the influence of different modification methods on the properties of polybutylene terephthalate, and the prospect of the modification has been described as well.
Synthesis, Characterization and Electrochemistry of Cathode Material Li [Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 Nanofibers Prepared by Electrospinning for Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Yu Fei , Wu Bo Rong , Xu Hong Liang , Wu Feng
Published: December 2013

Nanofibers of Li [Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 with high crystallinity were easily synthesized by electrospinning. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that precursor wires were glossy, and the diameters of oxide calcined at 800°C were 50-200 nm. And X-ray diffraction (XRD) exhibited perfect crystal structure. The electrochemical properties of materials with the specific morphology were significantly improved. The first charge/discharge capacity was around 309.3 and 270.2 mAh·g-1 at 25 mA·g-1, and the first coulomb efficiency (87.4%) represented a good efficiency for Li2MnO3-type electrodes. After 20 cycles, discharge capacity was over 200 mAh·g-1 at 25 mA·g-1, and capacity retention was 79.8% at 250 mA·g-1.Owing to its simplicity and applicability, the electrospinning method is an promising method to fabricate high performance Li [Li0.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13]O2 materials for lithium ion batteries.
Contrastive Analysis on Low Temperature Carbonization of Longkou and Yaojie Oil Shale in Aluminum Retort
Authors: Xiong Yao , Ma Ming Jie , Wang Guan Yu , Huang Shan Xiu , Cai Guang Yi , Guo Wei Jie
Published: December 2013

Lots of basic analyses carried on YJOS (Yaojie oil shale) and LKOS (Longkou oil shale) consist of proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, XRF analysis and shale oil yield in aluminum retort. Besides, TGA are used on YJOS, LKOS and shale oil, gas chromatographic analysis is used on retorting gas. The results show that LKOS and YJOS have the same hydrogen-to-carbon ratio, but LKOS has higher volatile component and its oil yield in aluminum retort is much higher than YJOS. Ca content in LKOS is much higher than YJOS, however, Al and Fe content in LKOS are lower than YJOS. Two kinds of shale oil after destructive distillation have similar composition and relative content, in addition, they all produce more low boiling point distillates, combustible component of their destructive distillation gas are H2 and CH4, the second are CO and C2H6. Aluminium retort experimental findings, The carbonization temperature is the main influence factor on oil shale destructive distillation process in aluminum retort. Residence time has small influence on shale oil yield but need to choose appropriate heating rate and particle size. Best carbonization parameters of LKOS in aluminum retort: Temperature 500~550°C, heating rate 5°C/min, particle size 2~4mm, Residence time 10~20min;the best parameters of YJOS: Temperature 500~550°C, heating rate 5°C/min, particle size0.2~0.9mm, residence time 10~20min.
N2 and CO Desorption from Interaction between NO and Nitrogen-Containing Char
Authors: Zhang Xiu Xia , Zhou Zhi Jun , Zhou Jun Hu , Cen Ke Fa
Published: December 2013

A comprehensive molecular simulation study on heterogeneous reaction mechanisms of NO with nitrogen-containing char is carried out using density functional theory. NO chemisorption and subsequent possible reaction pathways are proposed. Geometries of reactants, products, stable intermediates and transition states are optimized at B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. It is found that NO molecule chemisorption with its bond axis parallel to the edge line of nitrogen-containing char is a weakly exothermic process. The N-O bond in NO molecule tends to dissociate after chemisorption. N2 and CO are desorbed when NO molecules are chemisorbed with the formation of N-N bond. N2 desorption is exothermic, while CO desorption is endothermic. So we conclude that N2 is the dominant product from interaction between NO and nitrogen-containing char.
Process Simulation on Crude Naphthalene Purification by Extractive Distillation
Authors: Yu Zhao Xiang , Wang Yi Jun , Huang Heng Bo
Published: December 2013

The impurity of benzothiophthene can be removed by extractive distillation in the crude naphthalene purification process. A process simulation has been studied on the crude naphthalene purification. In the case of ensuring each fraction's naphthalene concentration, a sensitivity analysis is made to determine the optimal conditions by varying extractive distillation parameters such as the feed stage, the reflux ratio and the distillate rate. Besides controlling of the sensitive plate for the recovery section is also discussed.
Distribution and Trend Analysis of DIN in Marine Environment Waters under Reclamation
Authors: Zhao Ying Jie , Li Ming Chang , Li Guang Lou , Jiao Run Hong , Cao Yuan Yuan
Published: December 2013

Marine environment is an essential aspect for the regional sustainable development. The distribution and trend of pollutant factors is a key guidance to environmental management. In this paper, the distribution and trend of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in marine environment waters is researched for guiding and improve the environmental impact assessment in the Caofeidian marine district, Tangshan Bay. The natural neighbor grid method and the least squares fitting method are used for the distribution and the trend respectively. The research results show that the part of DIN exists exceeded forth level of water quality and the trend of DIN is on the rise in recently.