bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mitochondrial ncRNA targeting induces cell cycle arrest and tumor growth inhibition of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through reduction of key cell cycle progression factors
Authors: Fitzpatrick Christopher , Bendek Maximiliano F. , Briones Macarena , Farfán Nicole , Silva Valeria A. , Nardocci Gino , Montecino Martín , Boland Anne , Deleuze Jean-François , Villegas Jaime , Villota Claudio , Silva Verónica , Lobos-Gonzalez Lorena , Borgna Vincenzo , Barrey Eric , Burzio Luis O. , Burzio Verónica A.
Published: May 2019

The family of long noncoding mitochondrial RNAs (ncmtRNAs), comprising sense (SncmtRNA), and antisense (ASncmtRNA-1 and ASncmtRNA-2) members, are differentially expressed according to cell proliferative status; SncmtRNA is expressed in all proliferating cells, while ASncmtRNAs are expressed in normal proliferating cells, but is downregulated in tumor cells. ASncmtRNA knockdown with an antisense oligonucleotide induces massive apoptosis in tumor cell lines, without affecting healthy cells. Apoptotic death is preceded by proliferation blockage, suggesting that these transcripts are involved in cell cycle regulation. Here, we show that ASncmtRNA knockdown induces cell death preceded by proliferative blockage in three different human breast cancer cell lines. This effect is mediated by downregulation of the key cell cycle progression factors cyclin B1, cyclin D1, CDK1, CDK4, and survivin, the latter also constituting an essential inhibitor of apoptosis, underlying additionally the onset of apoptosis. The treatment also induces an increase in the microRNA hsa-miR-4485-3p, whose sequence maps to ASncmtRNA-2 and transfection of MDA-MB-231 cells with a mimic of this miRNA induces cyclin B1 and D1 downregulation. Other miRNAs that are upregulated include nuclear-encoded hsa-miR-5096 and hsa-miR-3609, whose mimics downregulate CDK1. Our results suggest that ASncmtRNA targeting blocks tumor cell proliferation through reduction of essential cell cycle proteins, mediated by mitochondrial and nuclear miRNAs. This work adds to the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms behind cell cycle arrest preceding tumor cell apoptosis induced by ASncmtRNA knockdown. As proof-of-concept, we show that in vivo knockdown of ASncmtRNAs results in drastic inhibition of tumor growth in a xenograft model of MDA-MB-231 subcutaneous tumors, further supporting this approach for the development of new therapeutic strategies against breast cancer.
Exosomes derived from M1 macrophages aggravate neointimal hyperplasia following carotid artery injuries in mice through miR-222/CDKN1B/CDKN1C pathway
Authors: Wang Zeng , Zhu Hong , Shi Hongtao , Zhao Huan , Gao Rifeng , Weng Xinyu , Liu Rongle , Li Xiao , Zou Yunzeng , Hu Kai , Sun Aijun , Ge Junbo
Published: May 2019

The role of M1 macrophages (M1M)-derived exosomes in the progression of neointimal hyperplasia remains unclear now. Using a transwell co-culture system, we demonstrated that M1M contributed to functional change of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC). We further stimulated VSMCs with exosomes isolated from M1M. Our results demonstrated that these exosomes could be taken up by VSMCs through macropinocytosis. Using a microRNA array assay, we identified that miR-222 originated from M1M-derived exosomes triggered the functional changes of VSMCs. In addition, we confirmed that miR-222 played a key role in promoting VSMCs proliferation and migration by targeting Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) and Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 1C (CDKN1C) in vitro. In vivo, M1M-derived exosomes significantly aggravated neointima formation following carotid artery ligation injury and wire injury and these effects were partly abolished by miR-222 inhibitor 2′OMe-miR-222. Our findings thus suggest that exosomes derived from M1M could aggravate neointimal hyperplasia through delivering miR-222 into VSMCs. Future studies are warranted to validate if the post-injury vascular neointimal hyperplasia and restenosis could be attenuated by inhibiting miR-222.
Superconductor to resistive state switching by multiple fluctuation events in NbTiN nanostrips
Authors: Ejrnaes M. , Salvoni D. , Parlato L. , Massarotti D. , Caruso R. , Tafuri F. , Yang X. Y. , You L. X. , Wang Z. , Pepe G. P. , Cristiano R.
Published: May 2019

We report on measurements of the switching current distributions on two-dimensional superconducting NbTiN strips that are 5 nm thick and 80 nm wide. We observe that the width of the switching current distributions has a non-monotonous temperature dependence, where it is constant at the lowest temperatures up to about 1.5 K, after which it increases with temperature until 2.2 K. Above 2.5 K any increase in temperature decreases the distribution width which at 4.0 K is smaller than half the width observed at 0.3 K. By using a careful analysis of the higher order moments of the switching distribution, we show that this temperature dependence is caused by switching due to multiple fluctuations. We also find that the onset of switching by multiple events causes the current dependence of the switching rate to develop a characteristic deviation from a pure exponential increase, that becomes more pronounced at higher temperatures, due to the inclusion of higher order terms.
The time course of auditory recognition measured with rapid sequences of short natural sounds
Authors: Isnard Vincent , Chastres Véronique , Viaud-Delmon Isabelle , Suied Clara
Published: May 2019

Human listeners are able to recognize accurately an impressive range of complex sounds, such as musical instruments or voices. The underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. Here, we aimed to characterize the processing time needed to recognize a natural sound. To do so, by analogy with the “rapid visual sequential presentation paradigm”, we embedded short target sounds within rapid sequences of distractor sounds. The core hypothesis is that any correct report of the target implies that sufficient processing for recognition had been completed before the time of occurrence of the subsequent distractor sound. We conducted four behavioral experiments using short natural sounds (voices and instruments) as targets or distractors. We report the effects on performance, as measured by the fastest presentation rate for recognition, of sound duration, number of sounds in a sequence, the relative pitch between target and distractors and target position in the sequence. Results showed a very rapid auditory recognition of natural sounds in all cases. Targets could be recognized at rates up to 30 sounds per second. In addition, the best performance was observed for voices in sequences of instruments. These results give new insights about the remarkable efficiency of timbre processing in humans, using an original behavioral paradigm to provide strong constraints on future neural models of sound recognition.
Compton Scattering of Hermite Gaussian Wave γ Ray
Authors: Maruyama Tomoyuki , Hayakawa Takehito , Kajino Toshitaka
Published: May 2019

One of candidates for the generation mechanism of high linearly polarized γ rays in γ-ray bursts is synchrotron radiations from high energy electrons under strong magnetic fields. If this scenario is true, Hermite Gaussian (HG) wave photons, which are one of high-order Gaussian modes, are also generated by high-order harmonic radiations in strong magnetic fields. The HG wave γ rays propagating along the z-direction have quantum numbers of nodes of nx and ny in the x- and y-directions, respectively. We calculate the differential cross sections for Compton scattering of photons described by HG wave function in the framework of relativistic quantum mechanics. The results indicate that it is possible to identify the HG wave photon and its quantum numbers nx and ny and by measuring the azimuthal angle dependence of differential cross section or the energy spectra of the scattered photon as a function of the azimuthal angle.
Serum Magnesium is associated with Carotid Atherosclerosis in patients with high cardiovascular risk (CORDIOPREV Study)
Authors: Rodríguez-Ortiz M. Encarnación , Gómez-Delgado Francisco , Arenas de Larriva Antonio P. , Canalejo Antonio , Gómez-Luna Purificación , Herencia Carmen , López-Moreno Javier , Rodríguez Mariano , López-Miranda José , Almadén Yolanda
Published: May 2019

This study aimed to ascertain whether there is an independent association between serum magnesium (Mg) and the Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (IMT-CC), a well-accepted atherosclerotic-biomarker surrogate of cardiovascular disease (CVD), in a population with high cardiovascular risk. Serum Mg and traditional atherosclerotic risk factors were recorded in 939 patients (mean age, 59.6 ± 0.3 years, 83.2% men) with coronary heart disease (CHD) enrolled in the CORDIOPREV trial. Serum Mg strongly associated with IMT-CC. Before adjusting for potential confounding factors, IMT-CC decreased by 0.111 ± 0.011 mm per mg/dl increase in serum Mg (p < 0.001). After adjustment, the effect of Mg did not appear mediated through factors related to glucose metabolism, the lipid profile or the mineral metabolism and renal function. Multivariate models showed the lower Mg levels (quartile 1) as a strong independent factor contributing to IMT-CC along with age, sex, SBP, HDL-C, and diuretic use. Logistic regression analysis confirmed the predictive ability of serum Mg to differentiate patients at higher atherosclerotic risk as defined by an IMT-CC ≥ 1.0 mm, yielding a OR for the lower quartile of 10.623 (95%CI 2.311–48.845; P = 0.002) and a ROC-derived cutoff of 1.61 mg/dl. Therefore, our findings outline low serum magnesium as a possible independent risk factor for carotid atherosclerosis.
Thermodynamic reasoning for colossal N supersaturation in austenitic and ferritic stainless steels during low-temperature nitridation
Authors: Sasidhar K. N. , Meka S. R.
Published: May 2019

Colossal N supersaturation of ferritic as well as austenitic stainless steels during low temperature gaseous nitridation treatments has lately gained much technological significance. However, available thermodynamic models to calculate the N paraequilibrium solubility limits have failed to explain the levels of colossal N supersaturation observed in several cases of nitrided ferritic/austenitic stainless steels. In this work, we show that consideration of N dissolution induced spinodal decomposition is essential in calculating the N paraequilibrium solubility limit for both ferritic and austenitic stainless steels. This modification in the thermodynamic model has led to the successful explanation of the thermodynamic cause for the colossal N supersaturation in ferritic and austenitic stainless steels. Available experimental observations in literature support the occurrence of spinodal decomposition.
Immunostimulatory functions of adoptively transferred MDSCs in experimental blunt chest trauma
Authors: Kustermann Monika , Klingspor Malena , Huber-Lang Markus , Debatin Klaus-Michael , Strauss Gudrun
Published: May 2019

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) expand during inflammation and exhibit immunomodulatory functions on innate and adaptive immunity. However, their impact on trauma-induced immune responses, characterized by an early pro-inflammatory phase and dysregulated adaptive immunity involving lymphocyte apoptosis, exhaustion and unresponsiveness is less clear. Therefore, we adoptively transferred in vitro-generated MDSCs shortly before experimental blunt chest trauma (TxT). MDSCs preferentially homed into spleen and liver, but were undetectable in the injured lung, although pro-inflammatory mediators transiently increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Surprisingly, MDSC treatment strongly increased splenocyte numbers, however, without altering the percentage of splenic leukocyte populations. T cells of MDSC-treated TxT mice exhibited an activated phenotype characterized by expression of activation markers and elevated proliferative capacity in vitro, which was not accompanied by up-regulated exhaustion markers or unresponsiveness towards in vitro activation. Most importantly, also T cell expansion after staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) stimulation in vivo was unchanged between MDSC-treated or untreated mice. After MDSC transfer, T cells preferentially exhibited a Th1 phenotype, a prerequisite to circumvent post-traumatic infectious complications. Our findings reveal a totally unexpected immunostimulatory role of adoptively transferred MDSCs in TxT and might offer options to interfere with post-traumatic malfunction of the adaptive immune response.
Runx2 stimulates neoangiogenesis through the Runt domain in melanoma
Authors: Cecconi Daniela , Brandi Jessica , Manfredi Marcello , Serena Michela , Dalle Carbonare Luca , Deiana Michela , Cheri Samuele , Parolini Francesca , Gandini Alberto , Marchetto Giulia , Innamorati Giulio , Avanzi Francesco , Antoniazzi Franco , Marengo Emilio , Tiso Natascia , Mottes Monica , Zipeto Donato , Valenti Maria Teresa
Published: May 2019

Runx2 is a transcription factor involved in melanoma cell migration and proliferation. Here, we extended the analysis of Runt domain of Runx2 in melanoma cells to deepen understanding of the underlying mechanisms. By the CRISPR/Cas9 system we generated the Runt KO melanoma cells 3G8. Interestingly, the proteome analysis showed a specific protein signature of 3G8 cells related to apoptosis and migration, and pointed out the involvement of Runt domain in the neoangiogenesis process. Among the proteins implicated in angiogenesis we identified fatty acid synthase, chloride intracellular channel protein-4, heat shock protein beta-1, Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1, D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, myosin-1c and caveolin-1. Upon querying the TCGA provisional database for melanoma, the genes related to these proteins were found altered in 51.36% of total patients. In addition, VEGF gene expression was reduced in 3G8 as compared to A375 cells; and HUVEC co-cultured with 3G8 cells expressed lower levels of CD105 and CD31 neoangiogenetic markers. Furthermore, the tube formation assay revealed down-regulation of capillary-like structures in HUVEC co-cultured with 3G8 in comparison to those with A375 cells. These findings provide new insight into Runx2 molecular details which can be crucial to possibly propose it as an oncotarget of melanoma.
Extreme multi-valence states in mixed actinide oxides
Authors: Epifano E. , Naji M. , Manara D. , Scheinost A. C. , Hennig C. , Lechelle J. , Konings R. J. M. , Guéneau C. , Prieur D. , Vitova T. , Dardenne K. , Rothe J. , Martin P. M.
Published: May 2019

To assure the safety of oxide-fuel based nuclear reactors, the knowledge of the atomic-scale properties of U1−yMyO2±x materials is essential. These compounds show complex chemical properties, originating from the fact that actinides and rare earths may occur with different oxidation states. In these mostly ionic materials, aliovalent cationic configurations can induce changes in the oxygen stoichiometry, with dramatic effects on the properties of the fuel. First studies on U1−yAmyO2±x indicated that these materials exhibit particularly complex electronic and local-structure configurations. Here we present an in-depth study of these compounds, over a wide compositional domain, by combining XRD, XAS and Raman spectroscopy. We provide evidences of the co-existence of four different cations (U4+, U5+, Am3+, Am4+) in U1−yMyO2±x compounds, which nevertheless maintain the fluorite structure. Indeed, we show that the cationic sublattice is basically unaffected by the extreme multi-valence states, whereas complex defects are present in the oxygen sublattice.
Light-promoted synthesis of highly-conjugated crystalline covalent organic framework
Authors: Kim Soyoung , Choi Hee Cheul
Published: May 2019

Low electrical conductivity caused by low degree of π-conjugation and structural disorders induces critical limitations in electronic applications of covalent organic frameworks (COFs). Here we focus on improving the electrical properties of COFs by synthesis of highly conjugated and crystalline COF (hcc-COF). Addition of a small amount of water and acetic acid induces the efficient reversible dynamic imine condensation reaction that is required to obtain uniform and crystalline products. Also, simulated sunlight irradiation facilitates the reversible imine condensation reaction, and achieves formation of hcc-COF with high-yield within short reaction time. The obtained hcc-COF has an extended π-conjugated structure along the lateral direction and an inclined stacking structure. The intrinsic electron transport properties along the in-plane direction are evaluated using a hcc-COF film grown on a water surface from a polarity-controlled precursor solution. To the best of our knowledge, our hcc-COF film shows the highest reported electrical conductivity for highly conjugated organic porous polymers.
Targeting Marine Toxins and Other Adulterants in Fish
Authors: Murphy Caroline
Published: May 2019

Seafood quality is directly related to the condition of the water from which it originates. Concerted efforts are being made by government bodies to ensure the best-quality seafood reaches consumers, but this is an ongoing and evolving struggle as climates and environments are changing, the global population is increasing and the marine environment is progressively becoming contaminated. More information is required on the effects of acute and long-term exposure of fish, shellfish and humans to harmful marine toxins and the presence of other adulterants such as viruses, bacteria, pharmaceuticals, microplastics, microfibers and industrial chemicals. Humans can be affected by the presence of marine contaminants due to working in close proximity with fish, consuming fish or swimming in contaminated water. Outbreaks of seafood poisoning can be attributed to the consumption of material contaminated with marine biotoxins or pathogens such as viruses, bacteria or other agents; all must be detected effectively. This chapter reviews how antibodies are now being used in multi-analyte screening programs, and how antibody-based detection platforms and immunosensor devices are well positioned with a view to providing point-of-need and automated sample acquisition and contaminant detection.
Provenance of drinking water revealed through compliance sampling
Authors: Ascott Matthew J. , Stuart Marianne E. , Gooddy Daren C. , Marchant Ben P. , Talbot John C. , Surridge Ben W. J. , Polya David A.
Published: May 2019

First use of drinking water compliance samples for hydrochemistry. Distinct groundwater–surface water split. Samples show water provenance.
[Ba13Sb36Cl34O54]8−: high-nuclearity cluster for the assembly of nanocluster-based compounds
Authors: Wu Zhao-Feng , Hu Bing , Fu Zhi-Hua , Wang Hao , Xu Gang , Gong Liao-Kuo , Zou Guo-Dong , Huang Xiao-Ying , Li Jing
Published: May 2019

Two unprecedented barium–antimony–oxohalide compounds are assembled from the largest Sb(iii)-based oxohalide cluster [Ba13Sb36Cl34O54]8−.
Oriented attachment of VNAR proteins, via site-selective modification, on PLGA–PEG nanoparticles enhances nanoconjugate performance
Authors: Nogueira João C. F. , Greene Michelle K. , Richards Daniel A. , Furby Alexander O. , Steven John , Porter Andrew , Barelle Caroline , Scott Christopher J. , Chudasama Vijay
Published: May 2019

Conjugation of Variable New Antigen Receptors (VNARs) to PLGA–PEG nanoparticles in a site-selective manner provides superior nanoparticle–protein constructs
Access to 2-naphthols via Ru(ii)-catalyzed C–H annulation of nitrones with α-diazo sulfonyl ketones
Authors: Kong Lingheng , Han Xi , Li Xingwei
Published: May 2019

Efficient synthesis of 2-naphthols was realized by Ru(ii)-catalyzed C–H activation of aryl nitrones and intermolecular [3+3] annulation with α-diazo sulfonyl ketones under redox-neutral conditions.
Correction: Boron-based stimuli responsive materials
Authors: Mellerup Soren K. , Wang Suning
Published: May 2019

Correction for ‘Boron-based stimuli responsive materials’ by Soren K. Mellerup et al., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00153k.
Iridium-promoted conversion of terminal epoxides to primary alcohols under acidic conditions using hydrogen
Authors: Rainsberry Alena N. , Sage Jarrod G. , Scheuermann Margaret L.
Published: May 2019

Terminal aliphatic epoxides can be converted to primary alcohols rather than the more commonly formed secondary alcohols.
Direct determination of soil texture using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and multivariate linear regressions
Authors: Goueguel Christian L. , Soumare Adja , Nault Charles , Nault Jacques
Published: May 2019

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) offers a promising alternative approach to soil science and agronomy to determine soil textural classes.
Artificial and wearable albumen protein memristor arrays with integrated memory logic gate functionality
Authors: Zhou Guangdong , Ren Zhijun , Wang Lidan , Sun Bai , Duan Shukai , Song Qunliang
Published: May 2019

Ultra-flexible egg albumen protein paper with a permittivity of 15–21, which is an improvement of nearly 300% compared with native egg albumen, and the protein-based memristor arrays and photoelectric logic gates are developed.
Synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of multipod-shaped cobalt ferrite nanocrystals
Authors: Hennous Mohammed , Ramana E. Venkata , Tobaldi David M. , Costa Benilde F. O. , Valente M. A. , Labrincha Joao , Karmaoui Mohamed
Published: May 2019

A non-aqueous sol–gel route followed by oriented attachment to make multi-pod CoFe2O4 nanocrystals showing large room temperature saturation magnetization.
Phonon confinement and spin-phonon coupling in tensile-strained ultrathin EuO films
Authors: Pradip Ramu , Piekarz Przemysław , Merkel Dániel G. , Kalt Jochen , Waller Olga , Chumakov Aleksandr I. , Rüffer Rudolf , Oleś Andrzej M. , Parlinski Krzysztof , Baumbach Tilo , Stankov Svetoslav
Published: May 2019

Reducing the material sizes to the nanometer length scale leads to drastic modifications of the propagating lattice excitations (phonons) and their interactions with electrons and magnons.
Accelerated crystallization and encapsulation for the synthesis of water- and oxygen-resistant perovskite nanoparticles in micro-droplets
Authors: Long Zi , Wang Yan , Fu Qiang , Ouyang Jin , He Lixin , Na Na Na Na
Published: May 2019

Water- and oxygen-resistant perovskite nanoparticles (PC-PNPs) were synthesized in milliseconds via a single-step microdroplet reaction.
Tailored Ni2P nanoparticles supported on N-doped carbon as a superior anode material for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Guo Huinan , Cai Haichao , Li Weiqin , Chen Chengcheng , Chen Kai , Zhang Yan , Li Yunwei , Wang Mengying , Wang Yijing
Published: May 2019

The Ni2P/NPC composite effectively buffers volume expansion and improves electrochemical performances by creating more defects on the surface, indicating overwhelming superiority in energy storage applications.
A comprehensive review of recent developments in 3D printing technique for ceramic membrane fabrication for water purification
Authors: Dommati Hitesh , Ray Saikat Sinha , Wang Jia-Chang , Chen Shiao-Shing
Published: May 2019

Additive manufacturing (AM), which is also commonly known as 3D printing, provides flexibility in the manufacturing of complex geometric parts at competitive prices and within a low production time.
Biological reduction of nitroimidazole-functionalized gold nanorods for photoacoustic imaging of tumor hypoxia
Authors: Umehara Yui , Kageyama Toki , Son Aoi , Kimura Yu , Kondo Teruyuki , Tanabe Kazuhito
Published: May 2019

Tumor-selective accumulation of gold nanorods (GNR) has been demonstrated for visualization of tumor hypoxia by photoacoustic imaging.
Preparation and characterization of multilayered superfine fibrous mat with the function of directional water transport
Authors: Xu Jinhao , Xin Binjie , Chen Zhuoming , Liu Yan , Zheng Yuansheng , Zhang Fuli
Published: May 2019

Multilayered superfine fibrous mat with the function of directional water transport is prepared by dual-mode electrospinning.
The visual detection of anesthetics in fish based on an inverse opal photonic crystal sensor
Authors: Chen Shili , Sun Hui , Huang Zhenjian , Jin Zhenkai , Fang Siyang , He Jiahua , Liu Yangyang , Zhang Yi , Lai Jiaping
Published: May 2019

A novel smart sensor for the rapid and label-free detection of benzocaine has been developed based on the combination of photonic crystal (PC) and molecular imprinting polymer (MIP) techniques.
Efficient acylation of gastrodin byAspergillus oryzaewhole-cells in non-aqueous media
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Ma Maohua , Xin Xuan , Tang Yuqian , Zhao Guanglei , Xiao Xinglong
Published: May 2019

Gastrodin, a bioactive compound extracted from the plant source ofGastrodia elataBlume, has a wide range of therapeutic effects on central nervous system (CNS) diseases, but suffers from poor brain permeability and short half-life in plasma.
The solid-state proton NMR study of bone using a dipolar filter: apatite hydroxyl contentversusanimal age
Authors: Kaflak Agnieszka , Moskalewski Stanisław , Kolodziejski Waclaw
Published: May 2019

Mineral hydroxylation in whole bone can be accurately studied using proton MAS NMR with a multiple-pulse dipolar filter.
Fluorescent probe for Cu2+ and the secondary application of the resultant complex to detect cysteine
Authors: Yang Meipan , Ma Lifeng , Li Jing , Kang Longli
Published: May 2019

A special fluorescent probe has been developed with high selectivity toward Cu2+ in living cells and mice, and the probe–Cu2+complex could detect cysteine without obvious interference.
A nonlinear optical switch induced by an external electric field: inorganic alkaline–earth alkalide
Authors: Li Bo , Peng Daoling , Gu Feng Long , Zhu Chaoyuan
Published: May 2019

The inorganic alkaline–earth alkalide M(NH3)6Na2 (M = Mg or Ca) can serve as a potential candidate for a nonlinear optical switch.
The TiO2 topotactic transformation assisted trapping of an atomically dispersed Pt catalyst for low temperature CO oxidation
Authors: He Yunping , Song Xue-Zhi , Ding Feng , Kang Xiaolan , Sun Feifei , Su Qiaofeng , Tan Zhenquan
Published: May 2019

Atomically dispersed Pt catalysts are deposited on the rough surface of TiO2, which is synthesized via topotactic transformation from a NH4TiOF3 mesocrystal.
Robust fabrication of nanomaterial-based all-solid-state ion-selective electrodes
Authors: Liu Kaikai , Jiang Xiaojing , Song Yuehai , Liang Rongning
Published: May 2019

For the first time, a general and facile approach for the robust fabrication of nanomaterial-based solid contact ISEs is reported.
Preparation of two different crystal structures of cerous phosphate as solid acid catalysts: their different catalytic performance in the aldol condensation reaction between furfural and acetone
Authors: Li Wenzhi , Su Mingxue , Yang Tao , Zhang Tingwei , Ma Qiaozhi , Li Song , Huang Qifu
Published: May 2019

Liquid fuel intermediates can be produced via aldol condensation reactions through furan aldehydes and ketones driven from biomass.
Highly enhanced discharged energy density of polymer nanocomposites via a novel hybrid structure as fillers
Authors: Pan Zhongbin , Xing Shuang , Jiang Haitao , Liu Jinjun , Huang Shuangwu , Zhai Jiwei
Published: May 2019

Novel Ag@BaTiO3@PDA@Ag/P(VDF-HFP) composite films exhibited excellent discharged energy density (17.25 J cm−3) and ultrafast discharge time (∼139 ns).
The 3d–5d orbital repulsion of transition metals in oxyhydroxide catalysts facilitates water oxidation
Authors: Wang Lie , Wen Yunzhou , Ji Yujin , Cao Hanjie , Li Shangyu , He Sisi , Bai Haipeng , Liu Gejun , Zhang Longsheng , Bao Hongliang , Wang Jianqiang , Li Youyong , Zhang Bo , Peng Huisheng
Published: May 2019

We have developed a powerful strategy to achieve a high-efficiency NiFeIr electrocatalyst for water oxidation by using 3d–5d orbital repulsion to tune the electronic structures, combining the DFT calculations and experimental verifications.
A self-healing elastomer based on an intrinsic non-covalent cross-linking mechanism
Authors: Chen Jun , Li Fanzhu , Luo Yanlong , Shi Yijun , Ma Xiaofeng , Zhang Meng , Boukhvalov D. W. , Luo Zhenyang
Published: May 2019

Introduction to new approaches to self-healing, proper characterization methods for dynamic noncovalent bonds, and demonstration of simulations.
Efficient tandem polymer light-emitting diodes with PTPA-P/ZnO as the charge generation layer
Authors: Xu Jin , Peng Feng , Hu Zhicheng , Yu Lei , Huang Fei , Yang Wei , Cao Yong
Published: May 2019

By using the ether-solublePTPA-Pand alcohol-soluble ZnO as the charge generation layer, the solution-processed tandem PLEDs realized a double efficiency value compared with that of the relevant single-emitting-layer device.
Responsive charge transport in wide-band-gap oxide films of nanostructured amorphous alkali-gallium-germanosilicate
Authors: Remondina J. , Paleari A. , Golubev N. V. , Ignat’eva E. S. , Sigaev V. N. , Acciarri M. , Trabattoni S. , Sassella A. , Lorenzi R.
Published: May 2019

Ga-Oxide nano-segregation in alkali-germanosilicate amorphous films gives rise to a responsive material with nonlinear electric conduction and hysteretic charging mechanisms.
Single-phase white-emitting phosphors based on apatite-type gadolinium silicate, Gd9.33(SiO4)6O2 doped with Dy3+, Eu3+ and Tb3+
Authors: Rodríguez-García Melissa M. , Williams J. A. Gareth , Evans Ivana Radosavljevic
Published: May 2019

Two series of new apatite-type silicate materials were synthesised and characterised with the aim of achieving white light emission from single-phase phosphors.
Increased expression of lncRNA FTH1P3 predicts a poor prognosis and promotes aggressive phenotypes of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yuan Haozhan , Jiang Hong , Wang Yanting , Dong Yameng
Published: May 2019

Laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC) is a highly aggressive malignancy in the head and neck region. Recent studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are novel transcripts that play an important role in the progression of LSCC. However, the overall pathophysiological regulation of lncRNAs to LSCC is largely unknown. The present study aimed to determine the clinical significances of lncRNA ferritin heavy chain 1 pseudogene 3 (FTH1P3) and to identify its potential roles in LSCC. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that FTH1P3 expression was significantly up-regulated in LSCC tissues than that in non-neoplastic tissues. High FTH1P3 expression was positively correlated with the poor differentiation, high T classification, positive lymph node metastasis, and advanced clinical stage. Overall survival analysis showed that high levels of FTH1P3 predicted a poor prognosis in LSCC patients. Moreover, elevated expression of FTH1P3 was found to increase LSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and to inhibit cell apoptosis, Conversely, knockdown of FTH1P3 suppressed LSCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and induced cell apoptosis. In addition, overexpression of FTH1P3 resulted in an increase in cells in S phase and a decrease in cells in G0/G1 phase, whereas inhibition of FTH1P3 did the opposite effects. Taken together, these results suggested that increased expression of FTH1P3 predicts a poor prognosis and promotes aggressive phenotypes of LSCC by regulating cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and cell cycle, indicating FTH1P3 may serve as a promising therapeutic biomarker for the treatment of LSCC.
Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for early-onset colon cancer
Authors: Yu Chaoran , Zhang Yujie
Published: May 2019

The present study was to develop a prognostic nomogram to predict overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in early-onset colon cancer (COCA, age < 50). Patients diagnosed as COCA between 2004 and 2015 were retrieved from the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) database. All included patients were assigned into training and validation sets. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to identify independent prognostic variables for the construction of nomogram. The discrimination and calibration plots were used to measure the accuracy of the nomogram. A total of 11220 patients were included from the SEER database. The nomograms were established based on the variables significantly associated with OS and CSS using cox regression models. Calibration plots indicated that both nomograms in OS and CSS exhibited high correlation to actual observed results. The nomograms also displayed improved discrimination power than tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and SEER stage both in the training and validation sets. The monograms established in the present study provided an alternative tool to both OS and CSS prognostic prediction compared with TNM and SEER stages.
Molecular profiling of the tumor microenvironment in glioblastoma patients: correlation of microglia/macrophage polarization state with metalloprotease expression profiles and survival
Authors: Gjorgjevski Marko , Hannen Ricarda , Carl Barbara , Li Yu , Landmann Emilie , Buchholz Malte , Bartsch Jörg W. , Nimsky Christopher
Published: May 2019

Due to poor prognosis of glioblastoma (GBM), there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies. Besides eliminating GBM tumor cells and stem cells, a novel therapeutic approach aims to target Glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs). We investigated the molecular profile of GAMs correlated with patient prognosis by exploiting M1/M2-like polarization markers in a cohort of 20 GBM patients. Using quantitative PCR (qPCR), the markers CXCL10 (M1) and CCL13 (M2) were validated in human macrophages and applied to a global analysis of GBM tissue. Furthermore, proteinase genes, known to be associated with GBM progression (ADAM8, MMP9, MMP14, ADAM10, ADAM17), were analyzed in correlation to M1/M2 markers. Notably, expression levels of ADAM10 and ADAM17 are significantly correlated with an M1-like phenotype and are positively associated to patient survival. Whilst ADAM8 mRNA expression was equally correlated with M1- and M2-like markers, genes for MMP9 and MMP14 are significantly associated with an M2-like phenotype and association to impaired prognosis in the GBM patient cohort. Thus, we provide a robust and reliable combination of qPCR markers to characterize global microglia/macrophage status and the associated proteinase profiles in GBM patients that can be used to analyze the tumor microenvironment, the patients’ prognosis and preselect those GBM patients for which targeting the microglia/macrophage population by repolarization might be beneficial.
CD14 dictates differential activation of mesenchymal stromal cells through AKT, NF-κB and P38 signals
Authors: Jiang Menghui , Gao Tianlin , Liu Yuansheng , Cao Xue , Li Yanting , Li Jianyu , Liu Yuanjiao , Piao Jinmei
Published: May 2019

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) widely exist in many tissues and have multiple differentiation potential and immunomodulatory capacities. Recently, MSCs have become promising tools for the treatment of various degenerative disorders and autoimmune diseases. The properties of MSCs could be modified in different microenvironments. Thus, it is important to explore the factors controlling MSC function. The presence of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in MSCs was demonstrated according to previous studies. Consistently, we also illustrated the expression of TLRs in both murine and human MSCs, and displayed that the expression patterns of TLRs in MSCs from different sources. Furthermore, we explored the role of TLR and TLR signaling pathway in MSCs. Interestingly, activation of TLR4-induced expression of cytokines and some specific genes in MSCs. However, MSCs retained much lower mRNA level compared with macrophages. We explored the expression of CD14 in MSCs from different sources, which played a vital role in TLR4 signaling pathway, and found that MSCs are almost negative for CD14. Moreover, only partial activation of TLR4 signaling pathway was observed in MSCs, with no activation of AKT, NF-κB and P38. Here, in the study we defined TLR expression, function and activation in MSCs, which is critical for designing MSC-based therapies.
Application of DR and co‐simulation approach for renewable integrated HEMS: a review
Authors: Rajendhar Puppala , Jeyaraj Belwin Edward
Published: May 2019

The evolvement of sustainable smart grid (SG) technology, advanced metering infrastructure, bidirectional communication and information infrastructure has revolutionised advancement in home energy management system (HEMS). The intelligent monitoring and control of renewable generation and distribution have their positive impact on the ease and convenience of the consumers to reduce overall energy consumption and to improve the comfort level. This study presents an overview of existing HEMS and their feasibilities. It also explores different controlling techniques and their functionalities that have been adopted to bring out future perspectives on the advancement of HEMS. The existing hardware implementations for HEMS along with communication protocols are discussed. Different demand response (DR) programmes and their compatibility are well‐classified for HEMS, and also the range of application for HEMS has been discussed. Optimisation techniques that are used for different objectives of DR and HEMS are well‐furnished in this study. The motivation, setbacks and their solutions for co‐simulation approach along with the different power system simulators and communication network simulators and their compatibility for SG environment and HEMS are explored in the study.
Winding arrangement and design development for fault tolerant EPS systems
Authors: Al‐Jaf Ari A. , Mecrow Barrie C. , Moule David
Published: May 2019

Driverless cars are expected to become a reality over the next 20 years. The sub‐systems within these vehicles will require increased fault tolerance and capability. This is in addition to the already high reliability, efficiency, and performance of today's systems such as electric power steering (EPS). This paper presents a motor design development of such an auxiliary system. Predicted performance of various double‐layer and single‐layer options are presented and contrasted.
High‐resolution FPGA‐pulse width modulation applied to PFC 2 MHz converter using eGaN field effect transistor
Authors: Arbugeri José Augusto , Arbugeri Cesar Augusto , Mussa Samir Ahmad
Published: May 2019

This study proposes an implementation based on a low‐cost field‐programmable gate array (FPGA) of a high‐resolution pulse width modulation applied on a single‐phase power factor correction (PFC) converter operating with 2 MHz switch frequency. The PFC was implemented using a half‐bridge enhancement‐mode Gallium Nitride (eGaN) field effect transistor with on‐board gate drives (EPC9003 development board) and the MAX10 FPGA.
Hardware‐in‐the‐loop test for real‐time economic control of a DC microgrid
Authors: Doroudchi Elahe , Feng Xianyong , Strank Shannon , Hebner Robert E. , Kyyrä Jorma
Published: May 2019

Microgrids (MGs) utilising both renewables and energy storage to optimise onsite energy consumption rather than importing power form the utility grid, require a tertiary‐level energy management system (EMS). The EMS must monitor and control the energy exchange within the nodes of MG to maximise any solar energy generation and benefit from installed storage. This paper considers a single‐family house as the MG that has DC distribution circuit model. The look‐ahead EMS is formulated as a linear programming problem, which has been tested in both offline simulation and hardware‐in‐the‐loop (HIL) simulation environment. The simulation results indicate that the proposed look‐ahead EMS can effectively reduce the DC MG operation cost without any operational constraint violation. In addition, the proposed look ahead energy optimisation approach has the potential to be used in a large‐scale system such as a community MG with multiple buildings.
Design and evaluation of an energy storage system for helicopters
Authors: Klumpner Christian , Rashed Mohamed
Published: May 2019

This paper presents the design and evaluation of an energy storage system (ESS) for helicopters with the aim to recover the kinetic energy in the rotor available after landing and to be able to control the 270 V DC bus voltage during load disturbances. A study is conducted in order to identify the suitable mix of commercially available energy storage devices with the aim of obtaining the minimum weight, exploring also the possibility to implement a hybrid supercapacitor‐battery system. On the converter side, commercially available Silicon and Silicon‐Carbide devices have been evaluated to achieve also the smallest size/weight.
Integrated approach to NVH analysis in electric vehicle drivetrains
Authors: Holehouse Robert , Shahaj Annabel , Michon Melanie , James Barry
Published: May 2019

This paper presents an approach to noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) analysis suitable for electro‐mechanical rotating systems, whereby both the electrical and mechanical sources of excitation are included and the response of the system is calculated. Focus is placed on modelling methods for the stator structure. The stator is considered to be a transversely isotropic structure and the effect that material properties can have on dynamic response is presented for a stator, both in isolation and in the full drivetrain model. NVH predictions are shown for a full drivetrain model of a prototype EV city car and compared to test data, demonstrating good correlation between test results and simulation with the described method.
Current and voltage shaping method via modified d –q transformation for the torque ripple compensation in PMSMs
Authors: De Soricellis Milo , Rapp Holger
Published: May 2019

This study deals with a novel control strategy for permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) to incorporate disturbance compensation features in the existing current controller maintaining at the same time the integrity of the reference tracking performances. The torque produced by a PMSM arises from the interaction of stator currents and rotor magnetic flux, therefore an intrinsic disturbance is propagated to the output, in case the flux is not perfectly sinusoidal. In particular, the authors focus is to propose the effective correction of undesired harmonic effects generated on the torque from the non‐ideal machine rotor. With the knowledge of the back electromagnetic force waveform, it is possible to determine the current waveforms necessary to produce a smooth torque in normal operation and through model‐base considerations, the required voltage harmonic waveforms are also computed. The method is also extended to the flux weakening operation of the machine. The analytical solutions found are used in place of the classical αβ /dq transformations, without modifying the field‐oriented control performance of the main controller. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by means of test‐bench measurement.
Multi‐physics design optimisation of a GaN‐based integrated modular motor drive system
Authors: Uğur Mesut , Keysan Ozan
Published: May 2019

Here, a multi‐physics approach is presented for the design optimisation of an integrated modular motor drive (IMMD). The system is composed of a modular permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and a GaN‐based modular motor drive power stage. The multi‐physics model includes motor drive inverters and DC‐link capacitor bank (electrical model), stator windings and rotor magnets (electromagnetic model), heat sink (thermal model), and a geometrical model. The main purpose of the design optimisation is to obtain the highest power density possible, which is quite critical in integrated drives. Due to the integrated structure, the system has several interdependencies and parameters are selected based on those relationships. An 8 kW IMMD system design is proposed from the developed optimisation tool and evaluated. The resultant system has a power density of 0.71 kW/lt, drive efficiency of 98.3%, and motor efficiency of 96.6%.
DBSCAN‐based coherency identification of generators using complex wavelet transform
Authors: Singh Ajeet Kumar , Fozdar Manoj
Published: May 2019

The coherency of generators in a multi‐machine power system is identified by determining the instantaneous phase difference between their rotor angles using a complex wavelet transform. A new phase difference matrix is proposed that represents the relative phase difference between the dominant frequency components of each pair of oscillating rotor angles and maps it into a higher dimensional space where data points corresponding to coherent generators lie in proximity. Next, density‐based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) algorithm is used for automated grouping of coherent generators. A new objective function is proposed for the determination of control parameters of the clustering algorithm. The proposed approach is tested on the New England (NE) 39‐bus test system and IEEE 145‐bus test system.
An improved cloud recognition and classification method for photovoltaic power prediction based on total‐sky‐images
Authors: Tang Jiacheng , Lv Zeyan , Zhang Yong , Yu Miao , Wei Wei
Published: May 2019

The rapid variation of irradiance due to cloud movements and occlusions is the main factor causing the fluctuation of photovoltaic (PV) power generation. Accurate recognition and classification of cloud is the prerequisite of improving the prediction accuracy of irradiance. Total‐Sky‐Images (TSIs) taken by ground‐based cameras are a good solution to analyse the distribution of cloud in real‐time and is suitable for ultra‐short‐term PV power prediction. Images are often processed by threshold‐based segmentation algorithm, which is based on the brightness or greyscale value of pixels. However, the sunlight can change the brightness or greyscale distribution of those pixels which represent cloud and cause misclassification. This paper proposes a novel cloud classification method based on greyscale compensation values (GCVs) and Otsu algorithm to solve this problem and divides the total sky into three parts: clear sky, thin cloud and thick cloud. GCVs are greyscale values which extract from clear‐sky TSIs. Experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the accuracy of cloud classification.
Influence of Road Geometry on Driver’s Gaze Behavior on Motorways
Authors: Hristov Borislav
Published: May 2019

Driver’s gaze is a highly selective dynamic process, which ensures a precise perception of moving objects, speeds and spatial expansions in road traffic. Thus, the gaze behavior of drivers determines largely their driving behavior, and is crucial for traffic safety. With the aid of modern technology, the gaze behavior can be precisely recorded during driving. This paper describes part of the research, which has been undertaken in order to investigate the relationship between driver’s gaze behavior and horizontal alignment geometry. It is known, that driver’s stress state and gaze concentration are not the same when steering a vehicle along straight stretches and within curves. The stress is higher in curves and this leads to an increased attention. The gaze behavior in left and right horizontal curves is characterized by certain gaze patterns, which clearly differ from each other. In this respect, appropriate investigations and analyzes have been also carried out. Different parameters have been calculated in order to assess and quantify the gaze behavior. By evaluating these parameters, the spatial and temporal concentration of the driver’s gaze as well as the intensity of information acquisition and processing have been analyzed along straight stretches, left and right horizontal curves.
Model of bifurcation prediction and innovation sustainability of energy facilities
Authors: Slesarev Mikhail , Kovrigin Artur
Published: May 2019

Innovative technological order is predicted, defined by “mechatronics” - an integrating structure for power engineering, mechanics, and artificial intelligence, which together with “green” technologies of production, accumulation, transformation and transmission of information, energy and materials, generate smart houses, smart cities, smart energy objects. A model is proposed for predicting bifurcations and innovative sustainability of energy facilities with an acceptable reliability of research provided by the mathematical apparatus of motion stability.