bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of surface roughness and wall thickness in the incremental stamping process with variation in the degrees of freedom of the contact tool
Authors: Silva Gilmar Cordeiro , Souza Lucas Moraes Rufini , Patrício Lucio Flavio Santos
Published: May 2021

In this study, the performance of a rotating semi-spherical tool (with two degrees of freedom) is compared with another rigid semi-spherical tool, both with a diameter of 8.0 mm. The stamping is performed on AA1100 aluminium blanks with a thickness of 0.8 mm, using a helical strategy and single point incremental forming technique, with a feed rate of 1000 mm/min, a step depth of 0.1 mm, without rotation on the machine spindle and petroleum jelly as a lubricant. The behaviour of Ra and Rq roughness and wall thickness is evaluated during the tests. Scanning electron microscopy and dispersive energy spectroscopy are used to observe the wear mechanisms on the surface of the samples. On this basis, the tools for incremental stamping must promote continuous contact with the blank without generating excessive friction. Our results show that the rigid tool presents the best working conditions for the AA1100 aluminium sheets because it generates less roughness in the stamped parts, when compared with the rotating tool (~ 54% lower in the final average of the Ra roughness). The scanning electron microscopy image reveals the presence of adhesion both on the contact tip of the rotational tool and on the rigid tool, showing that the adhesive wear mechanism is predominant in the single point incremental forming process and influences the final roughness of the stamping cones.
The Potential of Papain and Zingibain Proteolytic Against β-amyloid (Aβ) Protein in Senile Cataracts
Authors: Cahyana Nugraha Wahyu
Published: May 2021

Purpose : The protein aggregation process that forms senile cataracts is related to the pathway for making amyloid structures. With age the increase in β-secretase activity increases. β- and γ-secretase are enzymes that catalyze Amyloid-β Precursor Protein (APP) into β-amyloid (Aβ) structure. So that the β-amyloid (Aβ) formed must be cleaved using an enzyme containing protease to break down the proteins contained in the enzyme papain (Carica papaya L.) and zingibain enzymes (Zingiber officinale). So the In silico test is needed to see the binding ability between the proteolytic effects of the papain enzyme and the zingibain enzyme on β-amyloid (Aβ) protein. Determining the proteolytic potential of the papain enzyme and Zingibain enzyme against β-amyloid (Aβ) protein. Methods : collecting data of papain, zingibain enzyme and protein from RSCB and NCBI predicting the proteolytic potential of papain and zingibain enzyme against β-amyloid (Aβ) with docking simulation by In Silico Study and data analysis was carried out. Results : The binding interaction model is 1 for the papain enzyme and 0 for the zingibain enzyme with the binding affinity value for the papain enzyme is -697.2 and for the zingibain enzyme is -873.5. Conclusion : The papain enzyme isolated from papaya latex (Carica papaya L.) and Zingibain found in ginger (Zingiber officinale) has the ability to form bonds with β-amyloid (Aβ) protein so it has the potential to be developed as a useful proteolytic as a preventive for senile cataracts.
Impact of long-term exposure to PM2.5 and temperature on coronavirus disease mortality: observed trends in France
Authors: Tchicaya Anastase , Lorentz Nathalie , Omrani Hichem , de Lanchy Gaetan , Leduc Kristell
Published: May 2021

Background The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) began in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and was declared a global pandemic on 11 March 2020. This study aimed to assess the effects of temperature and long-term exposure to air pollution on the COVID-19 mortality rate at the sub-national level in France.Methods This cross-sectional study considered different periods of the COVID-19 pandemic from May to December 2020. It included 96 departments (or NUTS 3) in mainland France. Data on long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM2.5), annual mean temperature, health services, health risk, and socio-spatial factors were used as covariates in negative binomial regression analysis to assess their influence on the COVID-19 mortality rate. All data were obtained from open-access sources.Results The cumulative COVID-19 mortality rate by department increased during the study period in metropolitan France—from 19.8/100,000 inhabitants (standard deviation (SD): 20.1) on 1 May 2020, to 65.4/100,000 inhabitants (SD: 39.4) on 31 December 2020. The rate was the highest in the departments where the annual average of long-term exposure to PM2.5 was high. The negative binomial regression models showed that a 1 µg/m³ increase in the annual average PM2.5 concentration was associated with a statistically significant increase in the COVID-19 mortality rate, corresponding to 24.4%, 25.8%, 26.4%, 26.7%, 27.1%, 25.8%, and 15.1% in May, June, July, August, September, October, and November, respectively. This association was no longer significant on 1 and 31 December 2020. The association between temperature and the COVID-19 mortality rate was only significant on 1 November, 1 December, and 31 December 2020. An increase of 1°C in the average temperature was associated with a decrease in the COVID-19-mortality rate, corresponding to 9.7%, 13.3%, and 14.5% on 1 November, 1 December, and 31 December 2020, respectively.Conclusion This study found significant associations between the COVID-19 mortality rate and long-term exposure to air pollution and temperature. However, these associations tended to decrease with the persistence of the pandemic and massive spread of the disease across the entire country.
Phosphorus and nitrogen co-doped carbon derived from Cigarette Filter for adsorption of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution
Authors: Macchi Samantha , Alsebai Zane , Watanabe Fumiya , Ilyas Arooba , Atif Shiraz , Viswanathan Tito , Siraj Noureen
Published: May 2021

Global access to sanitary water is of utmost importance to human health. Presently, textile dye water pollution and cigarette pollution are both plaguing the environment. Herein, waste cigarette filters are converted into useful carbon-based adsorbent materials via a facile, microwave-assisted carbonization procedure. The cigarette filters are co-doped with phosphorus and nitrogen using ammonium polyphosphate to enhance their surface characteristics and adsorbent capability. The adsorbents are characterized physically to examine their surface area, elemental composition, and surface charge properties. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to determine the maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbents. Additionally, the effects of various adsorption parameters— temperature, adsorbent dosage, pH, and time—on adsorption process were examined. The doped adsorbent showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 303.3 mg g− 1 respectively, which is three times that of the methylene blue adsorption capacity of commercially available activated carbon (~ 100 mg g− 1). Thus, the phosphorus and nitrogen co-doped carbonized waste cigarette filter adsorbent shows a profound potential as a sustainable solution to combat textile dye water pollution and cigarette filter pollution simultaneously, due to its low cost, simple preparation, and versatility in application.
Nicotinamide as potential biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease: a translational study based on metabolomics
Authors: Dalmasso Maria Carolina , Aran Martin , Galeano Pablo , Perin Silvia , Giavalisco Patick , Adami Pamela Victoria Martino , Castano Eduardo Migual , Cuello A. Claudio , Scherer Martin , Maier Wolfang , Wagner Michael , Reidel-Heller Steffi , Ramirez Alfredo , Morelli Laura
Published: May 2021

The metabolic routes altered in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain are poorly understood. We performed untargeted 1H-NMR metabolomics in hippocampus of McGill-R-Thy1-APP transgenic (Tg) rats, a model of AD-like cerebral amyloidosis. Three groups of 9 month-old rats were tested: hemizygous Tg+/-, displaying mild amyloid pathology characterized by intraneuronal amyloid β (iAβ) accumulation; homozygous Tg+/+, showing iAβ, senile plaques (extracellular Aβ deposition) and neuroinflammation, and wild-type (WT). Eighteen metabolites were detected, three of them showed significant differences among genotypes, but only two were specifically assigned to a known molecule: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide (Nam). Only Tg+/+ rats showed significantly decreased levels of total-NAD, NADH and NAD + as compared to WT, and a significant increase in NAD+/NADH ratio, suggesting an alteration of the redox state, alongside the reduction of all forms of NAD. Transcript levels of NAD-consuming (CD38 and PARP2) and NAD-synthesis (NMNAT2) enzymes were increased in both transgenic genotypes. Next, Nam and NAD were evaluated at the peripheral level by targeted 1H-NMR analysis in rat plasma, where NAD/H was undetectable, Nam levels were unchanged among genotypes, but Trigonelline (a metabolic product of Nam) was reduced in Tg+/+. Finally, the translational potential of these findings in the rat model was assessed by measuring Nam and Trigonelline levels in plasma of participants in the German longitudinal study on Aging, Cognition and Dementia (AgeCoDe), by targeted GC-EI/MS. While trigonelline was undetected, Nam was significantly reduced in AD demented patients respect to cognitively normal participants (controls). This finding in Nam was replicated in a second independent case-control sample drawn from the same AgeCoDe. Next, the predictive value of Nam on disease progression was analyzed in AgeCoDe. Herein, reduction of Nam levels was observed in AgeCoDe participants who progressed to AD dementia ~ 1 year after blood collection, whereas Nam level were not reduced in those who converted afterwards. In summary, this preclinical study suggests that dysregulation of NAD/Nam depends on cerebral amyloid burden, and support the hypothesis that changes observed in the hippocampus may be detected in plasma. Furthermore, the findings in AgeCoDe points toward the potential use of Nam as plasma biomarker for AD.
Geologically calibrated mammalian tree and the corresponding global events, including birth of human
Authors: Osozawa Soichi , Wakabayashi John
Published: May 2021

The robust timetree could be constructed using a calibration function of BEAST v1. X released in 2018 simply by applying times of the most recent (= the latest) common ancestors (tMRCAs) for specific monophyletic species groups (clades). The present research is probably the first trial to fully use the calibration function in BEAST X. The specific node age (child tMRCA) in BEAST X = “minimum age” in conventional MCMCTree, but the “maximum age” in MCMCTree can be equivalent to, e.g., the parent node age (parent tMRCA) in BEAST X. We applied 19 mammalian fossil calibration ages considering Benton et al. (2015; solely their minimum ages), including those of fossil Gorilla and Pan + one geologic event calibration age for otters (= Quaternary isolation time of the Ryukyu islands and start of vicariant speciation), and we estimated our targeted splitting age of Homo and Pan at 5.69 Ma (calibration dates by Benton et al., 2015 were incorrect). After the initial rifting at 120 Ma, the Atlantic Ocean spread over 500 km on Chron 34 (84 Ma), and Afrotheria (Africa) and Xenarthra (South America) started vicariant speciation at this time (~ 70 Ma), reflecting the progressed continental isolation. Ordinal-level differentiations started just after the K-Pg boundary (66.0 Ma), and this timing reconfirmed that mammalian radiation occurred by rapidly filling the niches left vacant by the non-avian dinosaurs. In addition, we made a base substitution rate vs age diagram using the BEAST X function and showed that the rate exponentially increased and accelerated toward the Holocene, other than having the 55 Ma mild peak reflecting the post K-Pg mammalian explosion. The increased rate might have consequently increased the biodiversity, and extensive adaptive radiation might have ultimately birthed Homo sapiens. The basic factor of radiation might be the generation and spreading of C4 grasses since 20 Ma, which has been linked to increasing carbon fixation, decreasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations, cooling Earth, and triggering the Quaternary (2.58 Ma ~) glacier-inter glacier cycle and severe climatic change. Note that Perissodactyla and Cetartiodactyla (Laurasiatheria) feed on C4 grasses (savanna), and Carnivora (also Laurasiatheria) is the predator, also suggesting coevolutions since 20 Ma.
The climate role of CO2 – nature’s telling from 400 Mio. years
Authors: Anderl Thomas
Published: May 2021

The broader public demand reproducibility of scientific results particularly related to hot societal topics such as climate change. Our studies focus on the 80:20-rule to identify the essentials from the readily observable. It is found that the paleo-records on the past 400 Mio. years well constrain the compound universal climate role of CO2, this being represented by a very simple formula in line with previous sophisticated simulation results.
MANAGEMENT DECISIONS AND THE EFFICIENCY OF THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Kostin Yu. , Tkachova T.
Published: May 2021

The subject of research is to develop a mechanism for making effective management decisions in the liberalization of the engineering market. The purpose of the study is to Identifying the main trends and contradictions that arise in the operation of machine-building industrial enterprises. The methodological basis of the study The article shows and substantiates the need to improve existing scientific approaches and the organization of mechanisms for training and decision-making in industrial enterprises. Results. The article analyzes the existing approaches to understanding the concept of "mechanism of making effective management" in the industrial enterprises. On the basis of the conducted research the author's approach to formation and realization of model of acceptance of administrative decisions at the enterprise with use of artificial neural networks is proved. It is proposed to use existing software products and international standards for analysis and forecasting to develop the company's strategy, without which it is impossible to build an adequate mathematical model with given parameters, which in turn will help to describe each process in production. The use of created elements of mathematical and software allows to save time to obtain adequate mathematical models to reduce energy and computational costs for the study of real objects, to improve the quality of management and prediction of their behavior. Conclusions. The proposed scientific and practical developments can be used by industrial enterprises, and the study of the functioning of both individual enterprises and industry complexes, requires a systematic approach that focuses not only on the enterprise itself but also on its environmental factors. In this case, the object of study is not considered as an isolated and independent structure, but as an open socio-economic system.
Information transfer with a gravitating bath
Authors: Geng Hao , Karch Andreas , Perez-Pardavila Carlos , Raju Suvrat , Randall Lisa , Riojas Marcos , Shashi Sanjit
Published: May 2021

Late-time dominance of entanglement islands plays a critical role in addressing the information paradox for black holes in AdS coupled to an asymptotic non-gravitational bath. A natural question is how this observation can be extended to gravitational systems. To gain insight into this question, we explore how this story is modified within the context of Karch-Randall braneworlds when we allow the asymptotic bath to couple to dynamical gravity. We find that because of the inability to separate degrees of freedom by spatial location when defining the radiation region, the entanglement entropy of radiation emitted into the bath is a time-independent constant, consistent with recent work on black hole information in asymptotically flat space. If we instead consider an entanglement entropy between two sectors of a specific division of the Hilbert space, we then find non-trivial time-dependence, with the Page time a monotonically decreasing function of the brane angle---provided both branes are below a particular angle. However, the properties of the entropy depend discontinuously on this angle, which is the first example of such discontinuous behavior for an AdS brane in AdS space.
Twisted holography of defect fusions
Authors: Oh Jihwan , Zhou Yehao
Published: May 2021

In the twisted M-theory setting, various types of fusion of M2 and M5 branes induce coproducts between the algebra of operators on M2 branes and the algebra of operators on M5 branes. By doing a perturbative computation in the gravity side, which is captured by the 5d topological holomorphic U(1) Chern-Simons theory, we reproduce the non-perturbative coproducts.
In vitro Photoprotective Evaluation and Development of Novel Nanoemulsion with Chromone Derivative
Authors: Antunes Amanda , Gouveia Ana Paula , Diogo Gabriela , Taylor Jason , Sousa Lucas , Amparo Tatiane , Perasoli Fernanda , dos Santos Orlando , Cazati Thiago , Vieira Paula , Penido Ricardo , dos Santos Viviane
Published: May 2021

Chromone derivatives exhibiting high absorbance values in the UVA/UVB region were synthesized, and their photoprotective properties were evaluated. Chromones were prepared according to known literature procedures and characterized by high resolution mass spectrometry, infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The in vitro solar protection factor (SPF) was determined by the Mansur method and cytotoxicity was evaluated using the sulforhodamine B assay. Two of the chromones synthesized demonstrated suitable SPF values and displayed no cytotoxic effect towards MRC-5 human fibroblasts at the tested concentrations, indicating great potential for future in vivo assays and clinical trials. Finally, the lead compound was incorporated into a nanoemulsion. Nanoemulsions showed high droplet size homogeneity and excellent stability. Chromones bearing methoxy substituents were found to be the most promising compounds with ideal photoprotective properties desirable for utilization and incorporation in sunscreen formulations.
Hierarchization of Zeolites A and X Using Bacterial Cellulose as Macroporous Support
Authors: Bessa Raquel , Pereira André Luís , Rosa Morsyleide , Anderson Michael , Loiola Adonay
Published: May 2021

In this work, we studied the formation of hierarchical porous cartridges by means of bacterial cellulose impregnation with the zeolites A and X. Cellulose was successfully produced by Komagataeibacter genus and the zeolites were obtained by hydrothermal route. The composites were formed using both oxidized and non-oxidized cellulose. Different characterization techniques were used to analyze the resulting materials like powder X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic techniques (infrared vibrational spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance), electron microscopy, thermal analyses, as well as ionic exchange experiments. The results show that the composites present layers with large voids among them, formed by cellulose nanofibrils tangling the particles in the oxidized samples, and shiftings in the bands referent to the carboxilyc groups and hydrogen bondings. The oxidation step for the cellulose seems to be important for the hierarchization and a positive effect on the cartridges is found for Ca2+ ionic exchange tests. Thus, these components can be successfully mixed to form cartridges with potential use at gas and liquid adsorption technologies.
Número especial en investigación en Psicología ambiental
Authors: Tapia-Fonllem Cesar Octavio , Navarro-Carrascal Oscar
Published: May 2021

Con el ánimo de recoger experiencias de investigación y aportes de la psicología ambiental en torno a los cambios sociales y ambientales actuales, nace este número especial. En él se presentan algunas reflexiones teóricas y metodológicas respecto a la relación de los individuos con su entorno, fruto del trabajo de investigadores de diferentes contextos institucionales y culturales. El resultado final nos permite reconocer autores y co-autores, todos ellos investigadores del campo de la Psicología Ambiental de diversos países: Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, México, España, Francia e Indonesia; y temáticas como el abordaje y estudio de las actitudes y comportamiento pro-ambientales, conducta sostenible, conectividad con la naturaleza, cosmovisión ambiental, gestión del riesgo, apego e identidad al lugar, felicidad, bienestar y futuro trascendente.
El futuro trascendental como determinante de las conductas sustentables y la percepción de felicidad
Authors: Barrera-Hernández Laura Fernanda , Corral-Verdugo Víctor , Fraijo-Sing Blanca Silvia
Published: May 2021

La perspectiva temporal es una variable psicológica que se ha asociado con múltiples comportamientos, entre ellos la conducta sustentable (CS). Son escasos los estudios sobre la relación entre la orientación temporal denominada futuro trascendental y la CS. Objetivo: estimar las relaciones entre dos perspectivas temporales (orientación al futuro y orientación al futuro trascendental) y la conducta sustentable; y su asociación, con el autocuidado y la felicidad. Metodología: estudio correlacional, con un diseño no experimental, transeccional. Participaron 209 personas de una ciudad al noroeste de México, con una edad promedio de 30.33 años, quienes respondieron a un instrumento que constó de ocho escalas Likert que evaluaron perspectiva de futuro, perspectiva temporal de futuro trascendental, conducta proecológica, altruismo, frugalidad, equidad, comportamientos de autocuidado y felicidad subjetiva. Las interrelaciones entre las variables se estimaron mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Resultados: las orientaciones temporales al futuro y al futuro trascendental influyen en las conductas sustentables (conducta proecológica, altruismo, frugalidad, equidad), que, a su vez, impactan en la felicidad y el autocuidado de las personas. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos aportan información valiosa que ayuda a elucidar las características que posee un individuo que orienta su conducta a los ideales de la sostenibilidad.
Exploring the Factor Structure of Environmental Attitudes Measure in a Sample of Indonesian College Students
Authors: Hayat Bahrul , Hidayat Rahmat , Putra Muhammad Dwirifqi Kharisma
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to validate and evaluate the factor structure of the instrument for measuring attitudes towards the environment using factor analysis and multidimensional polytomous Rasch model. Participants in this study were 595 Indonesian university students (293 male and 302 female) with an age range of 18-24 (mean age = 21.01, SD = 1.65). The 22-items of Environmental Attitudes Measure were administered using online survey systems. This study generates a three-dimensional factor structure of environmental attitudes in the Indonesian college samples and supports the original scale's theoretical basis. The results of the multidimensional analysis of the polytomous Rasch model show that the psychometric characteristics of this instrument are excellent and have high separation reliability, both for items and person. The findings of this study can be used in future research to examine the interrelationship of environmental attitudes with other variables in the Indonesian sample. Limitations of this study are also discussed.
implicit meaning in Surat Yusuf of the Glorious Quran: pragmatic perspective
Authors: Sallal Hind Majeed , Hussein Abbas Lutfi
Published: May 2021

Implicit meaning is a sort of meaning that is not overtly identified in a communication. This definition gives rise to a problem of fragmentation. Thus, this paper aims to delimit the range of implicit meaning and to shed light on its types and devices utilized to express this meaning, detecting the functions behind the hidden meaning. Applying Larson’s (1984) and Verschueren’s (1999) approaches, eight extracts are selected from Surat Yusuf to be analyzed in terms of implicit meaning used. The paper concludes that implicit meaning is not a fixed entity; it can be molded and remodeled in the linguistic interaction and consequently its functions vary according to the situation in which they occur. Furthermore, implicit meaning appears to function as focusing on new information, avoiding redundancy and repetition, demanding politeness, suspense and motivation, using ironically and metaphorically, avoiding discomfort, and giving more explanation for the sake of warning or intimacy.
Crecimiento económico del Perú (2006-2010):competitividad precaria con riesgos de sostenibilidad
Authors: Pezo Paredes Alfredo
Published: May 2021

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Estrategia macrorregional para la transformación del sistema productivo peruano: 2011-2021
Authors: Aranaga Manrique David
Published: May 2021

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José María Arguedas: el Perú pluricultural, un mundo real e imaginario
Authors: Aranda Dioses Edith
Published: May 2021

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La economía: la mano invisible y los vicios públicos Víctor Carranza
Authors: Carranza Víctor
Published: May 2021

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La cooperación internacional y la transición hacia un nuevo orden energético mundial
Authors: Sánchez Albavera Fernando
Published: May 2021

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Booms o burbujas económicas: nuevas oportunidades para el crecimiento sostenible
Authors: Álvarez Falcón César
Published: May 2021

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Sobre la sostenibilidad del modelo económico de los Estados Unidos de América
Authors: Luyo Jaime E.
Published: May 2021

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Gobernabilidad en el Perú : hacia la republica para todos
Authors: Velasco Fernández Otoniel
Published: May 2021

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Planeamiento débil y captura del Estado
Authors: Alarco Germán , Amayo Enrique
Published: May 2021

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Cuestionando los Mitos: El rol de las Instituciones sobre la "Maldición de los Recursos Naturales"
Authors: Colonia Barrenechea Henry , Aguirre Gutierrez John , Núñez Mucha Joel
Published: May 2021

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Crisis financiera y sus efectos en el sector artesanal de Lima Metropolitana
Authors: León Robles Walter
Published: May 2021

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"Enverdecer" La economía ¿es la solución?
Authors: Bejarano Rodolfo
Published: May 2021

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El crecimiento económico en el Perú: Un modelo de proyección y de evaluación de sus determinantes
Authors: García Sandoval Carlos
Published: May 2021

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Distribución espacial de un índice de la pobreza multidimensional urbana en Lima Metropolitana
Authors: Ordóñez Mercado Alipio
Published: May 2021

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Víctor Carranza: La producción y gestión del conocimiento en el Perú: Balance y perspectivas
Authors: Temoche Tania
Published: May 2021

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Crimen en Lima: una aproximación con datos distritales
Authors: Hernández Breña Wilson
Published: May 2021

Lima no solo mantiene niveles delictivos preocupantes sino también heterogéneos entresus distritos. Pese a ello, son pocas las respuestas que se han dado a la pregunta máselemental: ¿qué causa el crimen en los distritos de Lima? Se usó el pool de datos delos siete años de la Encuesta Nacional de Programas Estratégicos (2010-2016) a fin deobtener artificialmente una muestra representativa de 35 distritos de Lima (N=53,787).Solo así fue posible responder a los dos objetivos de esta investigación: (1) analizar quétan homogéneo es el crimen (y sus causas) entre un distrito y otro en Lima (análisis de

clúster) y (2) identificar las razones que hacen que un distrito de Lima tenga más victimi-zación que otro (modelación multinivel). Los resultados indican que, con el propósito de

explicar las causas del crimen, es incorrecto tratar a Lima como un bloque homogéneo dedistritos; estos, por el contrario, se pueden clasificar en tres grupos: protección latente,protección limitada y desprotección abierta, cada uno con una relación distinta con lastres teorías del crimen evaluadas (desorganización social, actividades rutinarias y capitalsocial). Las implicancias apuntan a brindar mayor importancia a la multicausalidad deldelito, mejorar y evaluar la participación local de la policía y contar con una mejor gestiónde los incentivos económicos entregados a las municipalidades.
El Uso de las Encuestas en Opinión Pública como Instrumento Político
Authors: Quiroz Vera Eduardo Fernando
Published: May 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo ofrecer una reflexión teórica sobre los alcances de las encuestas de opinión pública. Aunque es evidente que su uso generalizado se deriva de su naturaleza instrumental, poco se ha profundizado en nuestro medio acerca de la naturaleza política que subyace en el uso de este mecanismo.
Correlaciones y Ponderaciones en los Exámenes de Admisión-UNI
Authors: Ordóñez Mercado Alipio
Published: May 2021

La selección de los mejores alumnos en el proceso de adminisión es una tarea compleja y delicada. En este trabajo se propone una nueva ponderación para obtener el puntaje general de ingreso, usando la técnica multivariada de "Análisis de Factores". Los resultados hallados revelan tres importantes componentes: El Soporte Científico, con 56%, la Cultura General, con 29% y Habilidades y Destrezas con 15%. Esta ponderación preserva una alta concorcondacia con la forma tradiciona, pues existe una modificación en los órdenes de mérito de apenas el 12% de los casos.
La Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería y la Formación de Especialistas en Proyectos de Inversión
Authors: Ísmodes Alegría Julio César
Published: May 2021

La formulación y evaluación de proyectos de inversión es un adecuado instrumento metodológico que contribuye a la correcta asignación de los escasos recursos del Estado, en un marco de eficiencia y equidad. En nuestro país es dirigida por el Sistema Nacional de Inversión de Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas (MEF). La Maestría en Proyectos de Inversión de la UNI - FIEECS forma especialistas que aportan a la realización de este importante objetivo.
Modelo de monitoreo y alerta temprana. Caso distrito de Pueblo Libre, 2013-2018
Authors: Garrafa Aragón Hernán Belisario , Soto Rodríguez Iván
Published: May 2021

La inseguridad ciudadana originada por un crecimiento de la violencia es un fenómeno social que está afectando el modo y calidad de vida de las personas, En la ciudad de Lima la inseguridad tiene su origen en múltiples factores: sociales, económicos, políticos, entre otros. Actualmente se está generalizando y replicando no solamente a nivel provincial sino a nivel regional y nacional, sobre todo en capitales de departamento, esto ha traído como consecuencia el incremento de la delincuencia en sus diferentes modalidades: homicidios, lesiones, robo, tráfico ilícito de drogas, secuestro, violencia familiar, los cuales pueden ser catalogadas en violencia urbana y violencia organizada. Esta investigación presenta un modelo de monitoreo y alerta temprana basado en cuatro fases: a) Levantamiento de información mediante una encuesta, b) Determinación de factores asociados a la percepción de inseguridad, haciendo uso de correlaciones y árbol de decisión c) Determinación de zonas inseguras, basadas en los factores asociados a la percepción de inseguridad, usando indicadores de inseguridad, d) Mapeo de zonas inseguras, con el propósito de apoyar a la gestión efectiva de la seguridad ciudadana.
Editorial
Authors: IECOS Editor
Published: May 2021

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Estrategia de Desarrollo Alternativo para la Economía Peruana
Authors: López-Chau Alfonso
Published: May 2021

El presente artículo es una reflexión sobre la estrategia de desarrollo que examina la relación crucial entre las teorías del crecimiento y el concepto de globalización; por otro lado, es una crítica a la práctica vigente que privilegia el déficil fiscal como ancla conceptual de la política macroeconómica.
La Burguesía Industrial en las Publicaciones de la Sociedad Nacional de Industrias durante la "República Aristocrática"
Authors: Sato Kuroda Enrique
Published: May 2021

El artículo presenta algunos planteamiento sobre el surgimiento de la burguesía industrial en el país, desarrollados a partir de una revisión de las primeras publicaciones de la Sociedad Nacional de Industrias a fines del siglo XIX e inicios del XX, y en particular de su vocero oficial "La Industria".
Crisis del saber social y rescate del sujeto moral y ético en tiempos de globalización
Authors: Villa Becerra Irene
Published: May 2021

El artículo parte de algunas precisiones conceptuales en torno a las bases epistemológicas implícitas en el quehacer del saber social. Tiene como objetivo determinar los dos grandes retos que a mi juicio constituirían los problemas centrales del debate contemporáneo en el contexto de postmodernidad y la globalización: de un lado, los cambios y nuevas visiones epistemológicas para abordar la crisis de la racionalidad del saber social y su reconstrucción; de otro lado, cómo abordar, manejar y rescatar la pérdida del fundamento de la ética.
Perú 2007-2025: Una aplicación de los modelos de crecimiento de Harrod, Solow y Thirlwall
Authors: Erquizio Espinal Alfredo
Published: May 2021

Con el propósito de establecer una prospectiva de la economía peruana hasta el año 2025 a partir de los modelos de crecimiento de Harrod, Solow y Thirlwall, el autor aplica sus parámetros al Perú y calcula dos escenarios de crecimiento del PIB y del PIB por persona: inercial y deseable. Luego reflexiona osbre las implicancias de las tasas obtenidas en términos de su viabilidad, teniendo en cuenta el pasado reciente, los resultados de otros ejercicios de prospectiva y la agenda de reformas económicas pendientes.
El Arancel Óptimo: Una aproximación formal y cuatro observaciones
Authors: Coaguila Jonathan
Published: May 2021

Considerando que sólo el Estado tiene interés en una distribución equitativa de la riqueza, los autores determinan un arancel que maximiza la recaudación fiscal y minimiza la pérdida de eficiencia. Luego examinan aspectos particulares del surgimiento y aplicación de aranceles.
A propósito del movimiento indígena ecuatoriano en la última década del siglo XX
Authors: Ismodes Alegría Julio
Published: May 2021

Desde 1990 al 2000 los indígenas ecuatorianos protagonizaron un movimiento social y político que alcanzó a participar en el primer plano de la lucha por el poder. Por primera vez, miles de comuneros obligaron a las autoridades a reconocerlos y negociar directamente con ellos; en el momento culminante uno de sus líderes llegó a ser incorporado en la cúspide del gobierno. El autor expone los antecedentes, rebelión la describe indigena, discute sus características culturales plantea los desafios que siguen pendientes para alcanzar una sociedad inclusiva, quizás, el reto más importante que afrontan las sociedades latinoamericanas con importante población e historia indigena.
Benchmarking, la competitividad
Authors: Chiri Fernández Adolfo
Published: May 2021

La innovación tecnológica es el fundamento último de la competitividad. La competitividad de un país supone el mejoramiento permanente del ambiente en que operan las empresas, que puede medirse considerando la investigación y desarrollo, la fuerza laboral con alta capacitación y otros indicadores como las solicitudes de patentes y los aumentos en la producción no atribuibles a incrementos en los factores productivos como mano de obra, capital y recursos naturales.
La lucha por la nación en el Perú
Authors: Humala Tasso Ulises
Published: May 2021

El advenimiento de la república no trajo ninguna mejora real para las grandes etnias. Se sustentó en los principios liberales y aparentemente tenía argumentos contra la servidumbre del indígena, pero en la práctica debilita al indígena al atacar su comunidad. La población peruana es mayoritariamente mestiza y amerindia. En la práctica cuanto más intensos y notorios son los rasgos indígenas de un individuo, mayor es la discriminación que sufre. Hace falta una refundación de la República que elimine definitivamente esa discriminación.
Las cadenas productivas en la actividad agroindustrial alimentaria : Región Arequipa
Authors: Aranaga Manrique David , Álvarez Rojas Cirilo
Published: May 2021

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Ciencia, innovación tecnológica y actividad emprendedora
Authors: Pezo Paredes Alfredo
Published: May 2021

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ADMINISTRATIVE SUPERVISION OVER THE ACTIVITIES OF THE CITY SELF-GOVERNMENTS OF THE EKATERINOSLAV PROVINCE (1870 – 1913)
Authors: Korobka Vadym , Korobka Yulia
Published: May 2021

It has been stated that in the practice of the Ekaterinoslav provincial presence for the zemstvo and city affairs, there are cases of detection of significant violations in the activities of public administrations of cities. The result was the initiation of criminal cases or the imposition of or disciplinary action against employees and even heads of communal institutions. There were also cases of unjustified prosecution of municipalities, which was accompanied by many years of litigation. It has been determined that the Governor, the Provincial Presence, the Senate in their control and appeal practice sought to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of individuals and urban communities. According to the interested party, the legality of acts of municipal self-government could become the object of judicial control, which was conducted within the judicial process. It has been revealed that one of the most important aspects of state supervision was the budget policy of city self-governments, the ways of income supplement of the city estimates and the expenditure. It has been proved that the vast majority of city public administrations of the Ekaterinoslav Province had cases of cancellation of decisions by the Provincial Presence in their practice. At the same time, the decisions of the supervisory institution during their appeal by local governments found support in the decisions of the Senate. It is shown that due to misinterpretation of the laws, the Presence made wrong decisions. This was the result of insufficient legal training of governors and other members of the Presence, unsatisfactory dissemination of information about the Senate’s practice in urban affairs. The scientific novelty of this study is implemented through the use of unpublished archival documents and published sources, which have not yet been introduced into scientific circulation and not used by scientists for historical analysis in order to reveal the essence of administrative supervision over municipal self-governments in the Ekaterinoslav Province (1870-1914).
CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF RESEARCH OF THE PROBLEMS OF ADAPTATION AND INTEGRATION OF MUSLIM FEMALE REFUGEES IN GERMANY
Authors: Frotveit Maryna , Anna Shkodych
Published: May 2021

The article is devoted to the processes of Muslim women fleeing to Germany. In the article, the authors consider the Muslim women fleeing to Germany in conditions of increased conflict in their countries of origin as a separate type of refugees. An attempt has been made to characterize the psycho-social condition of refugee women who arrived in Germany and to determine their qualitative and quantitative characteristics. The authors paid attention to what factors affect their involvement in society. Our study has proved that refugees are a separate component of German society because they directly affect the demographic and socio-economic situation in Germany. Ensuring the stable and effective socio-economic development of Germany with the involvement of all categories of the population is directly related to the implementation of public policy. The study of the gender aspects of refugees may help to identify key issues, the solution of which will facilitate the rapid adaptation and integration of Muslim refugees in German society, and, in prospect, to actively involve them in the development of German society.The results of the study helped in the analysis of the integration and adaptation processes of Muslim refugees as a separate part of refugees. Women refugees are a more vulnerable category of refugees, so they can be easily manipulated and abused. Identifying problems during integration may help to improve mechanisms for the protection of refugees and asylum seekers.In this article, the authors focused on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the reception and adaptation of refugees, as well as the establishment of new rules to meet the basic needs of refugees in shelters, the lack of which is unsanitary norms and the impossibility of distancing. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the decision-making process and refugee reception procedures, so the analysis of the challenges points to weaknesses in human rights mechanisms for refugees.
CHARTERS AND UNIVERSALS OF UKRAINIAN METROPOLITANS AND ARCHBISHOPS GIVEN TO THE NIZHYN GREEK COMMUNITY: SOURCE-STUDY DISCOURSE
Authors: Hedo Anna , Sarajeva Olga
Published: May 2021

The article analyzes the charters of the Kyiv metropolitans, archbishops of Kyiv and Chernihiv as act materials on the history of the Greeks of Ukraine in the second half of the 17th – 18th centuries. On the basis of source study and comparative-typological analysis, their evolution and significance for the church structure of the Nizhyn Greek Brotherhood, which was under the authority of the Metropolitan of Kyiv and the Archbishop of Chernihiv up to the end of the 17 century, and from the beginning of the 18 century it was subordinate only to the Kyiv metropolitanate, is considered. From the very beginning of the Greek settlement in Nizhyn, the church authorities looked positively on their needs and provided them with all possible assistance. Evidence of this were the numerous charters, universals, orders, “oprichna letters” of the Kyiv metropolitans, archbishops of Kyiv and Chernihiv, orders of the Kyiv Orthodox Consistory Church. Most of them were published in the collection of acts by Professor A.A. Fedotov-Chekhovsky, which was published from the archives of St. Michael’s Church in Nizhyn. The collection contains Greek and Slavic texts of 24 charters of Orthodox Greek and Ukrainian hierarchs of 1680-1784, which gave the Greeks the right to establish their own church brotherhood or confirmed such a right. Textological and source analysis of A.A. Fedotov-Chekhovsky’s publication and five universals given to the Nizhyn Greeks by L. Baranovich, published by an unknown author in 1865 in the “Chernihiv Eparchial News”, and M. Storozhevsky’s materials has revealed textual and chronological differences.
A Rapid Assessment of the Impact of COVID-19 on Asian Americans: Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Quach Thu , Ðoàn Lan N , Liou Julia , Ponce Ninez A
Published: May 2021

Background

The diverse Asian American population has been impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, but due to limited data and other factors, disparities experienced by this population are hidden.

Objective

This study aims to describe the Asian American community’s experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the Greater San Francisco Bay Area, California, and to better inform a Federally Qualified Health Center’s (FQHC) health care services and response to challenges faced by the community.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional survey between May 20 and June 23, 2020, using a multipronged recruitment approach, including word-of-mouth, FQHC patient appointments, and social media posts. The survey was self-administered online or administered over the phone by FQHC staff in English, Cantonese, Mandarin, and Vietnamese. Survey question topics included COVID-19 testing and preventative behaviors, economic impacts of COVID-19, experience with perceived mistreatment due to their race/ethnicity, and mental health challenges.

Results

Among 1297 Asian American respondents, only 3.1% (39/1273) had previously been tested for COVID-19, and 46.6% (392/841) stated that they could not find a place to get tested. In addition, about two-thirds of respondents (477/707) reported feeling stressed, and 22.6% (160/707) reported feeling depressed. Furthermore, 5.6% (72/1275) of respondents reported being treated unfairly because of their race/ethnicity. Among respondents who experienced economic impacts from COVID-19, 32.2% (246/763) had lost their regular jobs and 22.5% (172/763) had reduced hours or reduced income. Additionally, 70.1% (890/1269) of respondents shared that they avoid leaving their home to go to public places (eg, grocery stores, church, and school).

Conclusions

We found that Asian Americans had lower levels of COVID-19 testing and limited access to testing, a high prevalence of mental health issues and economic impacts, and a high prevalence of risk-avoidant behaviors (eg, not leaving the house) in the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings provide preliminary insights into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Asian American communities served by an FQHC and underscore the longstanding need for culturally and linguistically appropriate approaches to providing mental health, outreach, and education services. These findings led to the establishment of the first Asian multilingual and multicultural COVID-19 testing sites in the local area where the study was conducted, and laid the groundwork for subsequent COVID-19 programs, specifically contact tracing and vaccination programs.
Nursing Students’ Perceptions about Effective Pedagogy: Netnographic Analysis
Authors: De Gagne Jennie C , Koppel Paula D , Park Hyeyoung K , Cadavero Allen , Cho Eunji , Rushton Sharron , Yamane Sandra S , Manturuk Kim , Jung Dukyoo
Published: May 2021

Background

Effective pedagogy that encourages high standards of excellence and commitment to lifelong learning is essential in health professions education to prepare students for real-life challenges such as health disparities and global health issues. Creative learning and innovative teaching strategies empower students with high-quality, practical, real-world knowledge and meaningful skills to reach their potential as future health care providers.

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore health profession students’ perceptions of whether their learning experiences were associated with good or bad pedagogy during asynchronous discussion forums. The further objective of the study was to identify how perceptions of the best and worst pedagogical practices reflected the students’ values, beliefs, and understanding about factors that made a pedagogy good during their learning history.

Methods

A netnographic qualitative design was employed in this study. The data were collected on February 3, 2020 by exporting archived data from multiple sessions of a graduate-level nursing course offered between the fall 2016 and spring 2020 semesters at a large private university in the southeast region of the United States. Each student was a data unit. As an immersive data operation, field notes were taken by all research members. Data management and analysis were performed with NVivo 12.

Results

A total of 634 posts were generated by 153 students identified in the dataset. Most of these students were female (88.9%). From the 97 categories identified, four themes emerged: (T) teacher presence built through relationship and communication, (E) environment conducive to affective and cognitive learning, (A) assessment and feedback processes that yield a growth mindset, and (M) mobilization of pedagogy through learner- and community-centeredness.

Conclusions

The themes that emerged from our analysis confirm findings from previous studies and provide new insights. Our study highlights the value of technology as a tool for effective pedagogy. A resourceful teacher can use various communication techniques to develop meaningful connections between the learner and teacher. Styles of communication will vary according to the unique expectations and needs of learners with different learning preferences; however, the aim is to fully engage each learner, establish a rapport between and among students, and nurture an environment characterized by freedom of expression in which ideas flow freely. We suggest that future research continue to explore the influence of differing course formats and pedagogical modalities on student learning experiences.