bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The multimorbidity of hypertension and osteoarthritis and relation with sleep quality and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia in China’s rural population
Authors: Ran Li , Chen Qi , Zhang Jingyi , Tu Xinlong , Tan Xiaodong , Zhang Yuting
Published: August 2021

Hypertension (HTN) and osteoarthritis (OA) are frequent in middle-aged and elderly people, and the co-occurrence of these two diseases is common. However, the pathogenesis of the multimorbidity of both diseases and the relation with sleep quality, hyperlipemia, and hyperglycemia is unclear. We conducted a cross-sectional study to make sense of the multimorbidity of HTN and OA and the relation with sleep quality, hyperlipemia, and hyperglycemia. The relation between sleep quality and OA and its joint effect with hyperlipemia or hyperglycemia was evaluated with logistic regression models. The additive interaction was assessed with the relative excess risk due to interaction (REEI), the attributable proportion (AP), and the synergy index (S). According to this research in a remote rural area, approximately 34.2% of HTN patients are accompanied with OA and 49.1% are suffering poor sleep. Both hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia and sleep quality were related to OA prevalence with crude ORs of 1.43 (95% CI 1.014–2.029) and 1.89 (95% CI 1.411–2.519, P < 0.001) respectively. An observed additive effect was found greater than the sum of the effects of sleep quality and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia posed on OA prevalence alone. This additive interaction was observed in females (OR = 3.19, 95% CI 1.945–5.237) as well as males ≥ 65 years old (OR = 2.78, 95% CI 1.693–4.557), with RERI, AP, and S significant. Therefore, poor sleep and hyperlipemia/hyperglycemia are associated with OA, and further studies on the additive interaction among females and males ≥ 65 are warranted.
Microendoscopic calcium imaging of the primary visual cortex of behaving macaques
Authors: Oguchi Mineki , Jiasen Jiang , Yoshioka Toshihide W. , Tanaka Yasuhiro R. , Inoue Kenichi , Takada Masahiko , Kikusui Takefumi , Nomoto Kensaku , Sakagami Masamichi
Published: August 2021

In vivo calcium imaging with genetically encoded indicators has recently been applied to macaque brains to monitor neural activities from a large population of cells simultaneously. Microendoscopic calcium imaging combined with implantable gradient index lenses captures neural activities from deep brain areas with a compact and convenient setup; however, this has been limited to rodents and marmosets. Here, we developed miniature fluorescent microscopy to image neural activities from the primary visual cortex of behaving macaques. We found tens of clear fluorescent signals from three of the six brain hemispheres. A subset of these neurons showed clear retinotopy and orientation tuning. Moreover, we successfully decoded the stimulus orientation and tracked the cells across days. These results indicate that microendoscopic calcium imaging is feasible and reasonable for investigating neural circuits in the macaque brain by monitoring fluorescent signals from a large number of neurons.
Hazard assessment of oil spills along the main shipping lane in the Red Sea
Authors: Mittal H. V. R. , Langodan Sabique , Zhan Peng , Li Shihan , Knio Omar , Hoteit Ibrahim
Published: August 2021

This study investigates the risk from oil spills along the main shipping lane in the Red Sea based upon oil spill model trajectories forced by the outputs of validated high resolution regional met-ocean data. Following the intra-annual variations in the met-ocean conditions, the results are presented by classifying the basin into three regions: northern, central and southern Red Sea. The maximum distance traveled by the slick is presented for 1, 2, 5, 10, 14 and 20 days after the commencement of a spill. Different measures of hazard assessment in terms of the concentration of beached oil alongside the corresponding probability maps are also analyzed. The volume fractions of beached, dispersed and evaporated oil, 20 days after the commencement of a spill are quantified. The Red Sea general circulation is characterized by rich mesoscale eddies, which appear to be the most prevailing dynamics in oil transport in the basin. Two case events are analyzed to closely examine the effects of the mesoscale circulations on the fate of spilled oil. The results of this study provide a comprehensive assessment of oil spill hazards in the Red Sea, stemming its main shipping lane and identifies the areas at high risk that require timely mitigation strategies.
Effects of dietary forage to concentrate ratio on nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation and rumen bacterial composition in Angus cows
Authors: Chen Hao , Wang Chunjie , Huasai Simujide , Chen Aorigele
Published: August 2021

This study evaluated effects of dietary forage to concentrate ratio (F:C) on the body weight, digestibility, ruminal fermentation and rumen bacterial composition in Angus cows. Three diets with different F:C (LCD: 65:35, MCD:50:50, and HCD: 35:65) were fed to ninety Angus cows (3.2 ± 0.18 years old, 387.2 ± 22.6 kg). The average daily gain (ADG) and ammonia nitrogen concentration increased (P = 0.039 and P = 0.026, respectively), whereas the acetate to propionate ratio (P = 0.027) and the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility decreased with increasing concentrate level. The acetate concentration and ruminal pH (P = 0.033 and P = 0.029, respectively) decreased by feeding HCD diet. Serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (Hp) and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) increased under the HCD. The relative abundances of Bacteroidetes, Fibrobacterota, Prevotella and Prevotellaceae UCG-003 decreased, whereas the relative abundances of Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group, Saccharofermentans and Spirochaetota increased with increasing dietary concentrate level. Our study provides a better understanding of rumen fermentation parameters and microbiota under a wide range of dietary F:C ratios, supporting the potential dietary manipulation of microbes, which could enhance feed digestibility associated with cow rearing.
Enhanced visible-light photoactivities of porous LaFeO3 by synchronously doping Ni2+ and coupling TS-1 for CO2 reduction and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol degradation
Authors: Khan Iltaf , Luo Mingsheng , Guo Lin , Khan Shoaib , Wang Chunjuan , Khan Aftab , Saeed Muhmmad , Zaman Saeed , Qi Kezhen , Liu Qing long
Published: August 2021

TOC showing the enhanced visible-light photoactivities of porous LaFeO3 by synchronously doping with Ni2+ and coupling with TS-1 for CO2 reduction and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol degradation.
Initial-position-driven opposite directional transport of a water droplet on a wedge-shaped groove
Authors: Hao Shaoqian , Xie Zhang , Li Zheng , Kou Jianlong , Wu Fengmin
Published: August 2021

The direction of water droplet transport on a grooved surface is related to its initial position.
TMSOTf-mediated synthesis of skipped dienes through the addition of olefins to imines and semicyclic N,O-acetals
Authors: Feng Yi-Man , Nie Xiao-Di , Sun Jian-Ting , Xu Wen-Ke , Wei Bang-Guo
Published: August 2021

A novel approach to skipped dienes has been developed through the TMSOTf-mediated addition–substitution of olefins 2a, 2f and 2g with imines 1a–1g, and a series of aryl substituted skipped dienes 3aa–3gf were accordingly obtained in 62%–94% yields.
Polyesters with bio-based ferulic acid units: crosslinking paves the way to property consolidation
Authors: Pospiech Doris , Korwitz Andreas , Komber Hartmut , Jehnichen Dieter , Arnhold Kerstin , Brünig Harald , Scheibner Holger , Müller Michael T. , Voit Brigitte
Published: August 2021

A bio-based ferulic acid monomer is inserted in random terpolyesters with high molar mass and offers the possibility of crosslinking after processing. Both ferulate monomer and solvent-free polycondensation make the new materials more sustainable.
Investigating the effect of α-pinene on the ROMP of δ-pinene
Authors: Yarolimek Mark R. , Coia Brianna M. , Bookbinder Heather R. , Kennemur Justin G.
Published: August 2021

Ring opening metathesis polymerization of δ-pinene with varying amounts of α-pinene is explored.
Unprecedentedly high active organocatalysts for the copolymerization of carbonyl sulfide and propylene oxide: steric hindrance effect of tertiary amines
Authors: Kiriratnikom Jiraya , Yue Xin-Chen , Yang Jia-Liang , Wang Ying , Chen Shuo-Hong , Zhang Ke-Ke , Zhang Cheng-Jian , Khan Munir Ullah , Zhang Xing-Hong
Published: August 2021

The TEB/DMCHA pair shows exceedingly high turnover frequency of 69 800 h−1 for organocatalytic COS/PO copolymerization at 60 °C under solvent-free conditions.
Dimroth-type N/S-interchange of N-aminothioglycolurils in the synthesis of 2-hydrazonoimidazo[4,5-d]thiazolones
Authors: Vinogradova Ekaterina E. , Gazieva Galina A. , Izmest'ev Alexei N. , Karnoukhova Valentina A. , Kravchenko Angelina N.
Published: August 2021

An original method for the synthesis of 2-hydrazonoimidazo[4,5-d]thiazolone derivatives has been developed based on an acid-induced Dimroth-type N/S-interchange of N-aminothioglycolurils formed in situ into 2-hydrazonoimidazo[4,5-d]thiazolones.
Hollow mesoporous carbon nanocages with Fe isolated single atomic site derived from a MOF/polymer for highly efficient electrocatalytic oxygen reduction
Authors: Wang Congcong , Chen Yixin , Zhong Mengxiao , Feng Tanglue , Liu Ying , Feng Siyang , Zhang Nan , Shen Lin , Zhang Kai , Yang Bai
Published: August 2021

Hollow mesoporous carbon nanocages with Fe isolated single atomic site derived from a MOF/polymer for highly efficient electrocatalytic oxygen reduction.
Subphthalocyanine-based electron-transport materials for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Labella Jorge , Momblona Cristina , Klipfel Nadja , Kanda Hiroyuki , Kinge Sachin , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja , Torres Tomás
Published: August 2021

Here, we explore the potential of subphthalocyanines (SubPcs) as ETMs in PSCs, where the perovskite is deposited by either solution processing or thermal evaporation. A maximum PCE of 10.8% was achieved with the champion device.
Flattened structures of dwarf satellites around massive host galaxies in the MATLAS low-to-moderate density fields
Authors: Heesters Nick , Habas Rebecca , Marleau Francine R. , Müller Oliver , Duc Pierre-Alain , Poulain Mélina , Durrell Patrick , Sánchez-Janssen Rubén , Paudel Sanjaya
Published: August 2021

It was first observed in the 1970s that the dwarf galaxies surrounding our Milky Way, so-called satellites, appear to be arranged in a thin, vast plane. Similar discoveries have been made around additional galaxies in the local Universe such as Andromeda, Centaurus A, and potentially M83. In the specific cases with available kinematic data, the dwarf satellites also appear to preferentially co-orbit their massive host galaxy. Planes of satellites are rare in the lambda cold dark matter paradigm, although they may be a natural consequence of projection effects. Such a phase-space correlation, however, remains difficult to explain. In this work we analyzed the 2D spatial distribution of 2210 dwarf galaxies around early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the low-to-medium density fields of the “Mass Assembly of early-Type GaLAxies with their fine Structures” (MATLAS) survey. Under the assumption that the dwarfs are satellite members of the central massive ETG, we identified flattened structures using both a variation in the Hough transform and total least square fitting. In 119 satellite systems, we find 31 statistically significant flattened dwarf structures using a combination of both methods with subsequent Monte Carlo simulations with random data. The vast majority of these dwarf structures lie within the estimated virial radii of the massive host. The major axes of these systems are aligned better than 30° with the estimated orientation of the large-scale structure in nine (50%) cases. Additional distance measurements and future kinematic studies will be required to confirm the planar nature of these structures and to determine if they are corotating systems.
Chi-squared test for planetary orbits after the impact of a single flyby and multiple stellar flybys
Authors: Jiménez-Torres Juan J.
Published: August 2021

Aims. In this work, I present the cumulative effects of passing stars on planetary disks and I explore the orbital modification of their components as a consequence of multiple stellar encounters. I analyze the effects of masses of the passing stars and look for differences between the effects of four encounters with low masses of 0.1 M⊙, as well as a single 0.4 M⊙ stellar encounter on a 100 a.u. planetary disk.

Methods. I applied the chi-squared (χ2) test to estimate the correlation between the resulting parameters of orbits after single and multiple impacts. I found that the χ2 value is equal to 0.666 and the probability index is equal to 0.955.

Results. This first approach suggests that three or four low-mass multiple encounters can produce comparable orbits of planets as produced by a single massive encounter.
Diversity and Distribution of Molluscs in the Intertidal Zone of Nglambor Beach, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Fera Rahmawati Yunita , Apriani Putri Rizka , Bagus Putra Prakarsa Tatag , Annisa Muflihaini Milade , Putra Aliyani Yoga
Published: August 2021

The intertidal zone is the area between the highest and lowest tides, which represents the transition from ocean conditions to land conditions. This study aimed to determine the diversity and distribution of mollusks that exist along the intertidal zone of Nglambor Beach, between August and November 2020. Observations of all molluscs were carried out at two random stations using 10 plots measuring 1 x 1 m2with 5 meters. A total of two classes of Mollusca (Gastropod and Bivalvia) belonging to twelve families and 19 species were found from upper to lower an intertidal zone. The upper intertidal zone was recorded to have the highest diversity and an evenness index (Shannon-Wiener diversity index: H ’= 2.524 and Pielou evenness index: J’ = 0.932) compared to the middle and lower zones. It can be concluding that the diversity index in the study location is categorized as medium and its evenness is high.Thais hippocastanumis the most dominant species found in the upper and middle zones, whileThais tissotidominates in the lower zone. This research contributed to a preliminary checklist on molluscs, which will support a baseline study on the intertidal in future.
Plumage colours Stability in Inbreed Pelung Chicken
Authors: Saragih Hendry T.S.G. , Perdamaian Ayudha B.I. , Sadiman  , Roosdianto Iwan , Daryono Budi S.
Published: August 2021

Pelung is one of the most importance local chicken in Indonesia. Genetic introgression and inbreeding depression were the major threat for local chicken gene pool. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of serial inbreeding mating to plumage colours of Pelung chicken. Pure Pelung chicken which purchased from Cianjur sub-district was undergo full-sib mating through five generation. All offspring phenotypes was recorded. The results show gradual plumage phenotype change of inbreed Pelung chicken. Initially, adult male chicken had Black-red coloured as wildtype (WT) shifted to partridge and black-silver coloured in later generations. The current findings indicating that inbreeding made recessive traits to be expressed which some of them might had deleterious effect. Random mating should be maintained to preserve genetics stability of Pelung chicken
The Effect of Biofertilizer and Salinity Stress on Amaranthus tricolor L. Growth and Total Leaf Chlorophyll Content
Authors: Umi Siswanti Dwi , Athaya Khairunnisa Nadhifa
Published: August 2021

Amaranth is one of the most consumed vegetables in Indonesia. Meanwhile, the productions of plants are affected by productivity and environmental factors such as abiotic stresses. One of these is salinity, which affects plant growth and becomes an issue in the agricultural sector. Moreover, biofertilizer contains microbial elements that are necessary for plant growth and play an important role in the nutrient cycle of the soil. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of biofertilizer combined with NaCl on Amaranthus tricolor L. growth. The biofertilizer doses used were 10 L/ha, 20 L /ha, and 30 L /ha, each combined with manure fertilizer and 2500 ppm, 5000 ppm, 7500 ppm, and 10.000 ppm of NaCl. The parameters were measured using quantitative methods while a UV-vis spectrophotometer was used for the chlorophyll content. Meanwhile, the results were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA method at a 95% of confidence level. This analysis showed that the highest amaranth growth was found in 0 l/ ha of biofertilizer combined with 7500 ppm Na Cl treatment, a number of leaves in 10 l/ha biofertilizer, and 2500 ppm NaCl, and chlorophyll content in 30 l/ha biofertilizer. Based on the results, biofertilizer had an insignificant effect on plant growth while fertilizer had, while the most appropriate biofertilizer dose for chlorophyll content was 30 l/ha.
The Increase of Ruminant Population Based on Agricultural Waste Potential as Feed in Aceh Tamiang District
Authors: Yusriani Yenni , Usrina Nora , Sabri Mustafa
Published: August 2021

Livestock management includes the systems of maintenance, reproduction, and waste utilization. This study aims to examine the potential of feed sources for ruminants (cows and buffaloes) and efforts to maintain continuous feed availability associated with ruminant livestock development strategies. The data used were primary and secondary data of feed sources. Furthermore, the variables observed include cattle and buffalo population, agricultural waste production, digested dry matter (DDM), and carrying capacity. The results showed that Seruway sub-district had the highest population of cattle with 8,378 cows (4,933 ST) or 20.35% while Karang Baru sub-district had the highest population of 70 buffalo (34 ST) or 40.23%. Meanwhile, Manyak Payed sub-district produced the highest agricultural waste with 5,029.32 DDM tons/year while the low district was Kuala Simpang city. Moreover, the commodity that produces the highest agricultural waste is rice which is scattered in all districts with a total of 19,370.65 DDM tons/year. Although the cassava plant was not in all districts, it has the potential of producing 48,154.5 tons/year DDM. Furthermore, the sub-district with a great opportunity was Karang Baru which produces an unutilized potential of 2,718.23 tons/year and a carrying capacity of 2,384.41 (ST/year). This showed that Kejuruan Muda subdistrict has insufficient agricultural waste for cattle and buffalo, therefore, breeders in this sub-district get feed from the plantation and other wastes. Based on the results, Aceh Tamiang district has the potential to increase the ruminants population by utilizing forage feed from agricultural waste.
The Effect of Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGP) on Antibiotic Resistance and the Digestive System of Broiler Chicken in Sleman, Yogyakarta
Authors: Untari Tri , Herawati Okti , Anggita Marla , Asmara Widya , Endang Tri Hastuti Wahyuni Agnesia , Haryadi Wibowo Michael
Published: August 2021

Chicken is a major source of animal protein consumption in Indonesia. The problem facing the poultry industry is the incidence of resistance which increases mortality of the chicken production. One of the causes of resistance case is the use of antibiotics in feed additives. The public understanding about the effects of the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in chickens in antibiotic resistance and the digestive tract of chicken needs to be done to avoid the impact on economic losses and health problems. This study aims to provide an understanding of the effects of the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) on antibiotic resistance and the digestive tract of broiler chickens. This study was carried out at a broiler chicken farm in Sleman, Yogyakarta. Based on the histopathological result of the digestive tract of chickens that were given antibiotics as AGP, there was no inflammation occurs, but the administration of antibiotics caused antibiotic resistance in various type of antibiotics including tetracycline (90% resistance), streptomycin (60% resistance), amoxicillin (50% resistance), erythromycin (80% resistance), and no resistance for gentamycin.
Placenta Expulsion-time on Different Age and Breed Cows
Authors: Maha Nugraha Setyawan Erif , Kristian Adi Yosua , Wicaksono Priyo Topas , Agus Prihatno Surya , Gustari Sri , Kusumawati Asmarani , Budiyanto Agung
Published: August 2021

The third stage of birth is placenta expulsion which can occur about 30 minutes after the release of the fetus but is more likely to occur between 180 to 300 minutes later. This research is expected to provide an understanding about the different time on placenta expulsion, the number of cotyledon and placenta weight that faced up by veterinarian. Cows with a body condition score between 2.5 to 3.5 and ready to give birth from various breeds were used in this study. The results showed that young cows (<5 years old; 366,50 ± 30,97 minutes) significantly had a longer placenta expulsion time than old cows (>5 years old; 251,29 ± 7,55 minutes; p<0,05). While the amount of cotyledon and placenta weight did not differ between the two age groups. Based on breeds, the young Ongole cows showed significant different on placenta expulsion time compared with old ones (397,25 ± 61,60 vs 250,80 ± 14,79 minutes; p<0,05) but had no difference with the young and old crossbreed cows. Young cows need more time for placenta expulsion than the old ones and the young Ongole cows take the longest time compared to other age and breed groups.
Farmers’ empowerment through managing organic waste as fertilizer in Camplong II Village, Kupang Regency, NTT
Authors: Gaina Cynthia Dewi , Amalo Filphin Adolfin , Sanam Maxs U.E. , Datta Frans Umbu , Benu Imanuel , Tophianong Tarsisius Considus , Simarmata Yohanes Trmr.
Published: August 2021

Camplong II is one of the villages in the Kupang regency dominated by cattle farmers with limited knowledge and skill in managing animal waste. These farmers have the habit of burning organic material that can be used as a fertilizer source, which adversely affects the environment. Therefore, this study aims to improve the knowledge and skills of farmers by training them to make organic fertilizer from a natural compound such as animal manure. Furthermore, the purpose of implementing this community service is to manufacture organic bokashi using organic fertilizers and vegetable products. Other important aspects affecting this community are the level of education, the role of farmers, and the source of information. The result showed that community service activities have provided positive benefits on organic fertilizer and skills in the form of increased knowledge by producing bokashi fertilizer. The final product has benefited from improving household income for farmers in Camplong II village in Kupang, NTT.
Effects of biofertilizer and manure application on growth rate and chlorophyll content of spinach (Amaranthus tricolor L.) under salinity stress condition
Authors: Siswanti Dwi Umi , Riesty Okky Shavira
Published: August 2021

Amaranthus tricolor L. is a widely consumed and cultivated vegetable in Indonesia. Meanwhile, one of the agriculturally usable areas in the country is coastal land. However, the salinity in this land needs to be considered for proper plant growth, therefore, biofertilizer solutions are applied to enhance the growth of plants under salinity stress. This fertilizer is made from livestock urine and microbial strains. In this study, the biofertilizer was applied at a dose of 0, 10, 20, and 30 liters/ha while the stress treatment was carried out with NaCl at a concentration of 0, 2,500 5,000, 7,500, and 10,000 ppm. In addition, manure was also given as a basic fertilizer. The highest growth rate observed in the form of increase in plant height and number of leaves was found in the biofertilizer treatment of 30 and 0 liters/ha. Meanwhile, the highest mean total chlorophyll content was found in plants treated with a dose of 30 liters/ha. Based on the results, it was concluded that the application of biofertilizer affects the growth rate and chlorophyll content of spinach, but only at a certain concentration of salinity levels.
Disease incidence of freshwater fish in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Kristianingrum Yuli Purwandari , Sutrisno Bambang , Widyarini Sitarina , Sugiyono Kurniasih
Published: August 2021

The potential of freshwater farming in the Special Region of Yogyakarta is very high. Infectious and non-infectious diseases can cause significant economic losses. The main problem of infectious disease is caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. This study was conducted to identify diseases that attack freshwater fish using data analysis on fish disease cases in the Laboratory of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UGM in 2019. A total of 239 cases of fish diseases were examined by the Laboratory Diagnostic Co-assistance students in 2019 from the Special Region of Yogyakarta which includes Sleman district, Kulonprogo district, Yogyakarta City, Bantul district and Gunungkidul district. Based on data analysis, it showed that the highest fish sample was tilapia (52%), came from Sleman Regency (94%). The highest disease infection was caused by bacterial infections (54%) followed by parasite infections (35%). Macroscopic changes were observed in the liver (25%), skin (19%). and gills (26%). These changes included a yellow swollen liver, ulcer in the skin, fragile consistency and nodules in the surface of kidneys, attachment lamella and necrosis of gill lamellas. The parasite identification resulted in following parasite taxa/species Dactylogyrus., Trichodina sp., Gyrodactylus sp. and Ichtyopthirius sp. in the Parasitology Laboratory. The histopathological changes were identified using the the Hematoxillin & Eosin st aining technique, the organs showed dermatitis (18%), hepatitis (27%) and branchitis (23%). It can be concluded that in this research the highest cases of freshwater fish disease in Yogyakarta Special Region were caused by bacterial infections of tilapia from the Sleman district.
The Effect of Natural Aromatase Blockers on the Testicle Weight, Size of Wattle and Histopathological of Testis In Bangkok
Authors: Astuti Pudji , Airin Claude Mona , Hana RR Amelia , Yuneldi Rizki Fitrawan , Sarmin
Published: August 2021

The aromatase enzyme is an enzyme that converts testosterone to estrogen. This means that by administering aromatase blockers, testosterone levels increase and estrogen levels decrease. The problem faced is how the spermatogenesis process occurs because estrogen is needed as well in the process. This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological features of the testes due to the administration of natural aromatase blockers (NAB). Fifteen male Bangkok chickens were divided into 5 groups, namely: control group (C); testosterone continues (Tc 0.4 mg/bird/day); natural aromatase blockers 33 (NAB 3.3 g/bird); natural aromatase blockers 66 (NAB 6.6 g/bird); zinc (Zn): 0.45 mg/kg body weight (BW). The oral treatment was given for 35 days. The results showed that NAB did not affect wattle growth, but significantly affected testicle weight (p-value < 0.05). The NAB 66 group had the heaviest testis weight, followed by zinc, continuous testosterone, NAB 33 group, and the control group. This results was confirmed by HE staining on the testes which showed the thickness of the thickest spermatogenic and spermatid cell layers in the NAB 66 group. It was concluded that giving NAB did not harm the spermatogenesis process.
Case Report: Diagnosis and Treatment of Enteritis Caused by Bacterial in a Dog
Authors: Ramadhani Mungky Ema , Indarjulianto Soedarmanto , Yanuartono  , Nururrozi Alfarisa , Raharjo Slamet , Nakkeeran Alagenthirah
Published: August 2021

Diagnosis of the cause of enteritis in dogs greatly influences the success of its treatment. This case report describes the management of a male dog, 5 months old, 4.8 kg body weight which reported diarrhea, fever and no appetite. The physical examination showed the dog had diarrhea, lethargy, anemic mucous membranes, body temperature of 39.6 °C and an increase in intestinal peristalsis. The results of blood tests showed normochromic microcytic anemia, decreased hemoglobin and PCV, lymphocytopenia, and eosinopenia. The results of the stool examination identified Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila and coliform. The dog is diagnosed with bacterial enteritis with a good prognosis. Treatment is given for 5 days with intramuscular injection of amoxicillin at a dose of 10 mg/kgBW bid, diphenhydramine HCl at a dose of 2 mg/kgBW bid, multivitamin syrup 0.1 ml/kgBW bid orally, and intramuscular injection of iron dextran at a dose of 10 mg/kgBW only on the fifth day. It was concluded that the dog had enteritis due to bacterial infection, and it recovered after 5 days of treatment.
Oral subchronic toxicity of (+)-2,2’epicytoskyrin a on male mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Phadmacanty Ni Luh Putu Rischa , Wulansari Dewi , Agusta Andria , Widyarini Sitarina , Kurniasih
Published: August 2021

(+)-2,2’Epicytoskyrin A (EpiA) is a secondary metabolite derived from an endophytic fungus Diaporthe sp. associated with the Gambier plant. EpiA has been reported to possess anticancer, antifungal, and antibacterial activities. In a mouse model, EpiA was also shown to low oral toxicity. Until now, there is no negative effect of EpiA reported yet. This study aimed to study the subchronic toxicity of this component in mice. This study used 60 male mice (Mus musculus) which were divided into four groups of treatments. Parameters that were analyzed were body weight, food consumption, blood chemicals, and histology. The results showed no significant difference in body weight gain and food consumption in all groups. Blood chemicals analysis showed increasing AST and ALT in dosage 12.5 mg/kg BW groups at day 90. Histological changes showed fatty degeneration and hydropic degeneration in the liver and mild inflammation in the kidney. No irreversible toxic effect of this component. So it can be beneficial for plant-based drug discovery. On the other hand, this study provides information about the safety of the development of EpiA as a drug candidate.
Isolation, Identification, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test of Bacteria from Vulva Swab of African Pygmy Hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) and Sunda Porcupine (Hystrix javanica)
Authors: Dwi Ash-Santri Anindya , Cantya Prakasita Vinsa , Kristian Adi Yosua , Budipitojo Teguh , Endang Tri Hastuti Wahyuni Agnesia
Published: August 2021

Atelerix albiventris and Hystrix javanica are currently traded as pets or consumed in Indonesia, but there has been no research about bacteria from the vulva swab before. This research aims to isolate and identify bacteria from the vulva swabs of Atelerix albiventris and Hystrix javanica, and identify their antibiotic susceptibility. Samples were isolated by blood agar plates and selective media and identified by biochemical tests. Kirby Bauer’s disk diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial susceptibility test. The result showed that from Atelerix albiventris was isolated and identified Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis, while from Hystrix javanica was isolated and identified Escherichia coli. The identified Escherichia coli was sensitive to Amikacin, Amoxycillin, Ampicillin, Enrofloxacin, Fosfomycin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, Trimethoprim, and Kanamycin; intermediate to Streptomycin; and resistant to Erythromycin and Penicillin G. The identified Proteus mirabilis was sensitive to Amikacin, Amoxycillin, Kanamycin, Enrofloxacin, and Fosfomycin; and resistant to Erythromycin, Penicillin G, Streptomycin, Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, and Trimethoprim. This research concludes that Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis were isolated from vulva swab of Atelerix albiventris and Hystrix javanica, Escherichia coli was sensitive to eight antibiotics, while Proteus mirabilis was sensitive to five antibiotics.
Neutrophil and Lymphocyte (N/L) Ratio of Gestation and LactationSaperaGoats at Kambing Farm, Sukoharjo, Ngaglik, Sleman
Authors: Nareswari Anggitya , Winarsih Sugi , Hana Amelia , Anggraeni Devita , Widiyono Irkham , Sarmin
Published: August 2021

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is used to analyse stress levels before the method of measuring glucocorticoid levels in blood plasma exists. The study aims to determine the neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L) ratio in Sapera goats during a clinically normal gestation and lactation period. The samples were obtained from 12 Sapera goats in three-month gestation period and 12 Sapera goats in three-month lactation period. Blood samples taken via jugular veins were used as the preparation of blood smears to calculate the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio. The average calculation result of theN/L ratio in the lactation group (0.47 ± 0.23) was higher (p<0.05) than the gestation group (0.19 ± 0.12) with a positive moderate correlation (r = 0.59). The conclusion of this study indicates that while being in the normal range, the N/L ratio in Sapera goats during lactation period was higher than the ratio in Sapera goats during gestation period.
Ecohealth Approach in Anticipating Japanese Encephalitis in Tulungagung District, East Java Province
Authors: Ikawati Bina , Wijayanti Tri , Widiastuti Dyah , Pramestuti Nova , Isnani Tri , Ramadhani Tri
Published: August 2021

Japanese-B-encephalitis (JE) is a disease caused by theJapanese encephalitisvirus from the Flavivirus group, the Flaviviridae family. In Indonesia, JE cases have not been widely reported in both animals and humans, although encephalitis in humans is common. Yamanaka reported positive for anti-JE antibodies in 96 (6%) pigs in Tulungagung District. Environmental elements need to be identified to support the establishment of a healthy ecosystem to minimize the potential of JE transmission. This study aims to identify the environment that can support JE transmission and conceptualize possible approaches. The method is carried out by conducting environmental observations of risky environmental conditions in April November 2016 and searching for supporting literature. The results showed that there were many puddles in the environment of chicken and pig farms. Besides that, there were many open puddles of household waste in the residential areas. This place is the habitat forCulexSp. mosquitoes. Another research reported 19.05% of pigs who were positive for Ab JE in Tulungagung District. Environmental improvement can be done by cultivating fish that is resistant to dirty water, for example, catfish in ponds in chicken and pig farms and the construction of closed disposal facilities.
Molecular Screening of Salmonella sp. from fecal sample of Sparrows (Passer domesticus) in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Anggita Marla , Herawati Okti , Artanto Sidna
Published: August 2021

Wild birds is one of the reservoir agent of some of various zoonotic diseases. The study was aim to see the potential of sparrow as the reservoir agent of Salmonella sp. using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. We detected the invA gene of Salmonella sp. from faecal sample of sparrows (Passer domesticus) in local area of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A total of 30 faecal dropping samples were collected from sparrows. DNA was extracted from the faecal samples, then amplified by PCR for the target genes. The amplicons were electrophorized to see the visualization of DNA on the agarose gel. The result showed the prevalence of the positive result of Salmonella sp. was 3,3%. The study indicated that sparrows can spread zoonotic pathogens and this necessitates monitoring for the epidemiologic status of these pathogens among birds, also applying the appropriate intervention measures to prevent the transmission of zoonotic diseasesfrom birds to humans.
Seismic performance of brick masonry infilled frame structures with bed joint reinforcements
Authors: Maidiawati  , Tanjung Jafril , Hayati Yulia , Agus  , Rangga Satria
Published: August 2021

This paper presents the evaluation of the seismic performance of brick infilled RC frame structures with bed joint reinforcements based on reversed cyclic lateral load tests. Three specimens of the structural model of 1/4 scale-down single-story single-bay brick infilled RC frame was prepared, which were brick infilled RC frames with and without bed joint reinforcements. Two specimens of brick infills with bed joint reinforcements were different in the spacing of bed joint rebars. The specimens were tested by applying a reversed cyclic lateral loading in-plane direction. During the tests, the crack propagation was observed at the peak and residual drifts of each loading cycle to recognize the failure mechanisms of the specimens. As the results, although the use of the bed joint reinforcements ineffective to increase the lateral strength of the overall infilled frame structure. The rebars in mortar bed joints role to sustain the lateral strength in plastic deformation, and provide the whole structure with high ductility. It seemed that the rebars in mortar bed joints confined the brick infills. Therefore, the infilled RC frames can survive in large deformation without failure of the infills in out of the plane direction.
Prediction of tsunami inundation impact in Padang city
Authors: Purnawan  , Surtia Bachtiart Vera , Kurniati Titi
Published: August 2021

Sumatera Barat has predicted by experts will be hit by earthquake due to subduction of Indo-Australian and Eurasian tectonic plates, this earthquake would result tsunami that will hit Padang city. The tsunami will cause inundation in the several areas of city near the coast. The area of tsunami inundation in Padang city has predicted by expert, this prediction result is displayed on a tsunami inundation map. This paper discusses the impact of tsunami inundation on housing and public facilities in those areas, this result could be used to prepare evacuation planning. The method of study, is by identification of impact tsunami inundation on housing and public facilities. This is carried out with superimpose of tsunami inundation map to Padang city map, submerged housing and public facilities are identified manually. The data then were verified in the field. From result of identification, the depth of inundation in subdistrict are classified, then the public facilities that affected by tsunami inundation are classified in each of subdistrict. Total 27.228 unit house and public facilities that affected by tsunami inundation, 86.3% is housing and 13.4% public facilities. The most affected subdistrict by tsunami inundation is Bungo Pasang, it is 2.899 house and public facilities submerged.
The effect of seismic base isolation on structural response of a 12-story hotel building in Padang, Indonesia
Authors: Fauzan  , Ihsan Afdhalul , Putri Monika Mutia , Al Jauhari Zev
Published: August 2021

The amount of potential investment in Padang City, Indonesia since 2017 attracted many investors to contribute to the city. One of the investments is a 12-story hotel that will be constructed in By Pass Street of the city. The hotel is located in a high seismic zone area, so the seismic base isolation has been proposed to be used in the hotel building. The main aim of using a seismic base isolation device is to reduce the inertia forces introduced in the structure due to earthquakes by shifting the fundamental period of the structure out of dangerous resonance range and concentration of the deformation demand at the isolation system. An analytical study on the Reinforced Concrete (RC) hotel building with and without rubber bearing (RB) base isolation is carried out using the response spectrum and time history analysis methods. The results show that internal forces and inter-story drift of the building with high damping rubber bearing (HDRB) are lower than that of the fixed base with a remarkable margin. From this study, it is recommended to use the HDRB base isolation for medium and high rise buildings with soft soil in Padang City, Indonesia.
The Challenges of Open Source Software Alternatives
Authors: Chionis-Koufakos Aristofanis , Dimou Maria , Kolodziejski Michal
Published: August 2021

Developing an Open Source Software application is a challenge. Mainly because there are commercial alternatives that have an army of expert developers behind them, experienced supporters and wellestablished business processes in their development and promotion. Nevertheless, web-based applications, that securely handle the users’ personal data are an area of freedom and ease of use, features that make such applications very attractive. The “ease-of-use” part is very hard to achieve, for the developers and the end-users. Dependencies change often in OSS packages, so the fear that something breaks is always around the corner.

If the application looks attractive, additional user requirements fall like rain. This poses a problem of continuity, maintenance and operational quality of the packages. In this paper and presentation we shall share our experience in building such a tool, using https://cern.ch/slides, as a showcase and a learning exercise. We shall describe what was available, what was missing, how it was put together, how much effort it took, and what was achieved.
Exploring the self-service model to visualize the results of the ATLAS Machine Learning analysis jobs in BigPanDA with Openshift OKD3
Authors: Stan Ioan-Mihail , Padolski Siarhei , Lee Christopher Jon ,   on behalf of ATLAS Software and Computing
Published: August 2021

A large scientific computing infrastructure must offer versatility to host any kind of experiment that can lead to innovative ideas. The ATLAS experiment offers wide access possibilities to perform intelligent algorithms and analyze the massive amount of data produced in the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. The BigPanDA monitoring is a component of the PanDA (Production ANd Distributed Analysis) system, and its main role is to monitor the entire lifecycle of a job/task running in the ATLAS Distributed Computing infrastructure. Because many scientific experiments now rely upon Machine Learning algorithms, the BigPanDA community desires to expand the platform’s capabilities and fill the gap between Machine Learning processing and data visualization. In this regard, BigPanDA partially adopts the cloud-native paradigm and entrusts the data presentation to MLFlow services running on Openshift OKD. Thus, BigPanDA interacts with the OKD API and instructs the containers orchestrator how to locate and expose the results of the Machine Learning analysis. The proposed architecture also introduces various DevOps-specific patterns, including continuous integration for MLFlow middleware configuration and continuous deployment pipelines that implement rolling upgrades. The Machine Learning data visualization services operate on demand and run for a limited time, thus optimizing the resource consumption.
Anomaly detection in the CERN cloud infrastructure
Authors: Giordano Domenico , Paltenghi Matteo , Metaj Stiven , Dvorak Antonin
Published: August 2021

Anomaly detection in the CERN OpenStack cloud is a challenging task due to the large scale of the computing infrastructure and, consequently, the large volume of monitoring data to analyse. The current solution to spot anomalous servers in the cloud infrastructure relies on a threshold-based alarming system carefully set by the system managers on the performance metrics of each infrastructure’s component. This contribution explores fully automated, unsupervised machine learning solutions in the anomaly detection field for time series metrics, by adapting both traditional and deep learning approaches. The paper describes a novel end-to-end data analytics pipeline implemented to digest the large amount of monitoring data and to expose anomalies to the system managers. The pipeline relies solely on open-source tools and frameworks, such asSpark, Apache Airflow, Kubernetes, Grafana, Elasticsearch. In addition, an approach to build annotated datasets from the CERN cloud monitoring data is reported. Finally, a preliminary performance of a number of anomaly detection algorithms is evaluated by using the aforementioned annotated datasets.
The GridKa tape storage: latest improvements and current production setup
Authors: Musheghyan Haykuhi , Ambroj Pérez Samuel , Petzold Andreas , Ressmann Doris , Sundermann Jan Erik
Published: August 2021

Tape storage remains the most cost-effective system for safe long-term storage of petabytes of data and reliably accessing it on demand. It has long been widely used by Tier-1 centers in WLCG. GridKa uses tape storage systems for LHC and non-LHC HEP experiments. The performance requirements on the tape storage systems are increasing every year, creating an increasing number of challenges in providing a scalable and reliable system. Therefore, providing high-performance, scalable and reliable tape storage systems is a top priority for Tier-1 centers in WLCG.

At GridKa, various performance tests were recently done to investigate the existence of bottlenecks in the tape storage setup. As a result, several bottlenecks were identified and resolved, leading to a significant improvement in the overall tape storage performance. These results were achieved in a test environment and introduction of these achievements in to the production environment required a great effort, among many other things, a new software had to be developed to interact with the tape management software.

This contribution provides detailed information on the latest improvements and changes on the GridKa tape storage setup.
The new (and improved!) CERN Single-Sign-On
Authors: Ahmad Adeel , Aguado Corman Asier , Fava Maria , Georgiou Maria V. , Rische Julien , Schuszter Ioan Cristian , Short Hannah , Tedesco Paolo
Published: August 2021

The new CERN Single-Sign-On (SSO), built around an open source stack, has been in production for over a year and many CERN users are already familiar with its approach to authentication, either as a developer or as an end user. What is visible upon logging in, however, is only the tip of the iceberg. Behind the scenes there has been a significant amount of work taking place to migrate accounts management and to decouple Kerberos [1] authentication from legacy Microsoft components. Along the way the team has been engaging with the community through multiple fora, to make sure that a solution is provided that not only replaces functionality but also improves the user experience for all CERN members. This paper will summarise key evolutions and clarify what is to come in the future.
CERN AFS phaseout: status & plans
Authors: Iven Jan , Pace Alberto
Published: August 2021

In 2016, CERN decided to phase out the legacy OpenAFS storage service due to concerns for the upstream project’s longevity, and the potential impact of disorderly service stop on CERN’s computing services. Early 2019, the OpenAFS risks of the project collapsing have been reassessed and several early concerns have been allayed. In this paper we recap the work done so far, highlight some of the issues encountered, and present current state and planning.