bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of a hemostatic preparation based on silver polyacrylate on the morphological features and energy status of bacteria
Authors: Kuznetsova Marina V. , Nesterova Larisa Yu. , Vasilchenko Alexey S. , Kuznetsova Marina P. , Samartsev Vladimir A.
Published: December 2024

This study evaluates the effect of the hemostatic surgical preparation, containing a 1% aqueous solution of partial silver salt of polyacrylic acid with silver nanoparticles, on the morphological features, viability, and energy status of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. Atomic force microscopy and bioluminescent determination of bacterial adenosine triphosphate were used to assess the morphological and functional reactions of bacterial cells. Exposure to the preparation was found to cause diverse reactions in different bacteria. Gram-positive cocci increased their volume, decreasing their relative surface area, thereby reducing their contact with the preparation. These changes can be considered one of the adaptive mechanisms of staphylococci to the toxic compound. Gram-negative bacteria (P. aeruginosa and E. coli) also changed their sizes in response to hemostatic preparation, but both exhibited an increase in relative surface area and cell surface roughness, which may indicate depletion of their adaptive potential.
Bacterial survival and intracellular adenosine triphosphate levels in cells exposed to hemostatic preparation showed that most staphylococci became non-viable, while the effect of the preparation was concentration-dependent. Exposure of Pseudomonas to the undiluted preparation resulted in their death, while a similar effect was observed for E. coli at a 10% concentration. The assessment of the viability and energy status of the studied strains confirmed the hypothesis of greater tolerance of staphylococci to hemostatic preparation, as they remained viable even after exposure to the undiluted preparation. The addition of the hemostatic preparation to a Pseudomonas suspension led to their death, whereas a similar effect was observed for E. coli even with the diluted preparation. Overall, the morphological changes in the bacterial cell wall and a decrease in their adenosine triphosphate content after exposure to the preparation demonstrate its antibacterial effect against certain types of clinically significant microorganisms.
Use of value-based and motivational parameters with artificial intelligence technology to predict cadet maladjustment
Authors: Yatmanov Alexey N. , Apchel Vasiliy Ya. , Ovchinnikov Dmitrii V. , Yusupov Vladislav V. , Ovchinnikov Boris V. , Starenchenko Yuri L. , Babin Yuri М. , Korzunin Andrey V. , Tsvetkov Denis S.
Published: December 2024

The paper demonstrates the potential for using value-based and motivational parameters with artificial intelligence technology to predict cadet maladjustment. A retrospective cohort study was conducted. For 2013–2021, 734 cadets of the Navy Military Training and Research Center “Soviet Union Fleet Admiral N.G. Kuznetsov Naval Academy” were examined, 48 of them were diagnosed with maladjustment. Neural networks were used for mathematical modeling of maladjustment prediction. The study included 8 cycles of neural network training and 7 cycles of neural network model testing. As the actual material increases, the sensitivity of the model for predicting cadet maladjustment using neural networks increases: 30.MLP 16-7-2; 28.MLP 16-13-2; 30.MLP 16-22-2; 29.MLP 16-31-2; 42.MLP 16-39-2; 19.MLP 16-45-2; 16.MLP 16-48-2; 30.MLP 16-30-2 from 0.43 to 1.00 conventional units (y = 0.017x2 – 0.0647x + 0.4898, R² = 0.8264); specificity: from 0.96 to 1.00 conventional units (y = –0.002x2 + 0.0211x + 0.9462, R² = 0.8923); predictive value increased from 91.8% to 99.45% (y = –0.1477x2 + 2.3309x + + 90.238, R² = 0.9368). When the models were tested on new samples, the mean sensitivity was 0.45 conventional units with an increasing trend (y = 0.0207x2 – 0.1214x + 0.5271, R² = 0,6945), specificity: 0.97 conventional units (y = –0.0048x2 + + 0.0388x + 0.9086, R² = 0.772), predictive value: 92.6% (y = –0.4962x2 + 3.5402x + 88.447, R² = 0.6598). Therefore, the model for predicting cadet maladjustment using neural networks can identify cadets who will experience maladjustment with an accuracy of 32% to 72%, whereas no more than 6% of cadets without maladjustment will receive a false prediction. The predictive value of the model is close to the absolute accuracy of vocational aptitude prediction with reference values of 65%–70%. The predictive ability of the models tested in the study, ranging from 89.7% to 96.4%, confirms the high effectiveness of using neural networks to predict maladjustment. The value-based and motivational parameters of the cadets, combined with the use of neural networks to predict their maladjustment, create a highly effective artificial intelligence system. Such an approach can be used in medical and psychological support activities for military personnel at a military university for their optimal selection and support.
Intraoperative evaluation of the intestinal wall viability
Authors: Adamenkov Nikita A. , Mamoshin Andrian V. , Dremin Viktor V. , Potapova Elena V. , Shupletsov Valery V. , Ivanov Yuri V. , Panchenkov Dmitry N. , Dunaev Andrey V.
Published: December 2024

An analysis of data from national and foreign literature was carried out in terms of intraoperative determination of the intestinal viability in cases of developing the diseases in the abdominal cavity organs, associated with impaired intestinal blood supply. The basis of this work is the analysis of the modern literature on the methods of intraoperative evaluation of mesenteric ischemia. Impaired mesenteric blood supply is often the consequence of a number of reasons of developing critical conditions (mesenteric thrombosis, acute adhesive intestinal obstruction, incarcerated hernia etc.), also representing a high risk factor for lethal outcomes. Special attention is paid to the occlusion-related pathogenetic mechanism of developing mesenteric ischemia, which is accompanied by rapid development of irreversible morphological changes in the tissues and by significant disorders in the homeostasis systems of the organism. The generally available method for visual evaluation of the intestine viability is not always valid in terms of determining the degree of intensity of the ischemic changes in the intestinal wall. The algorithm of determining the intestine viability includes the determination of the intestine color, the peristaltic motions, the pulsation and the blood filling of mesenteric vessels with dynamic evaluation of these signs after the injecting the local anesthetic drug solution into the mesenterium and after “warming” the intestine with towels soaked in warm sodium chloride solution. In the current surgical conditions, a more precise method is required for intraoperative determination of the tissue viability. For the purpose of the objective evaluation of the intestinal blood supply, the recommendations include using intraoperative ultrasonic and laser Doppler flowmetry, as well as the regional transillumination angiotensometry of the intramural vessels in the small intestine. At the same time, a number of optical spectroscopy and visualization methods show high sensitivity to changes in blood microcirculation without using exogenous contrasting, which can also be successfully used when evaluating the intestinal circulation. According to data from modern literature, there is still controversy on the efficiency of various methods for intraoperative evaluation of disorders of the regional blood microcirculation and the intestine viability, which justifies the conduct of further research works.
Analysis of the genetic features of the structural organization of integrative conjugative (ICE) elements of Vibrio cholerae strains of various origins
Authors: Vodopyanov Alexey Sergeevich , Pisanov Ruslan Vyacheslavovich , Vodopyanov Sergey O. , Noskov Aleksey K.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Integrative conjugative elements (ICE) make a significant contribution to the spread of bacterial antibiotic resistance genes among cholera pathogen strains. However, at the moment there are no unified methods for typing ICE elements that allow analyzing a large number of genomes.
AIM: The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the genetic organization and identify features in the structure of integrative conjugative (ICE) elements with the development of new methods for automating their rapid typing in genome-wide sequencing data, followed by the study of a representative collection of genomes of V. cholerae strains of various origins.
METHODS: The work uses data from genome-wide sequencing (WGS) of toxigenic (ctxAB+tcpA+) 120 strains of V. cholerae O1 El Tor obtained on the MiSeq platform (Illumina, USA) and MinIon (Oxford Nanopore, UK), and from the NCBI databases (1887 strains) and the European Nucleotide Archive (441 strains). The software for detecting and typing the ICE element is developed in the Java programming language, version 11.0.13 and is located at http://antiplague.ru/ice-genotyper/.
RESULTS: A comparative analysis of ICE elements in toxigenic strains of cholera vibrions was carried out. An algorithm for typing ICE elements based on their genetic composition is proposed. Analysis of the genome collection of V. cholerae strains revealed three previously undescribed ICE elements, designated as ICEVchRus1, ICEVchHai3 and ICEVchLaos.
Discussion. The distribution of various types of ICE elements in Russia and the world has been studied. It is shown that some variants of ICE elements, despite their almost identical composition, have different designations in the world literature.
Use of negative pressure wound therapy in patients with early deep implant-associated spine infection
Authors: Tsiskarashvili Archil V. , Melikova Regina E. , Gorbatyuk Dmitry S. , Suleymanov Marat A.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Implantable metal fixators are widely used in modern spine surgery for surgical treatment of a wide spectrum of pathologies: degenerative pathology, neoplasms, spinal deformities, traumas. The increasing number of operations entails an increase in the number of complications, including implant-associated infection (IAI). The rate of IAI, according to the literature, accounts for up to 20% of cases. The treatment of such complications represents a significant burden on the healthcare system, since patients require multiple revision interventions, antibacterial therapy and other treatment measures requiring a comprehensive interdisciplinary approach. A single, generally accepted algorithm for treatment of deep spinal IAI has not yet been developed, but the use of negative pressure treatment systems (vacuum therapy) is becoming increasingly widespread. Despite the good results of the method reflected in the literature, the evidence base for treating deep IAI remains limited.
AIM: To evaluate the results of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) treatment of early deep implant-associated spine infection.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: An observational retrospective study included 28 patients with early deep implant-associated spine infection treated with surgical debridement combined with NPWT method in 2019–2023, among them 16 (57.1%) female and 12 (42.9%) male. Obtained data are presented as mean and standard deviation. Comparison of laboratory blood parameters at different time points was made using Wilcoxon W-test. Differences were considered significant at p 0.05.
RESULTS: In all patients, the remission of infection was achieved. The fixator was retained in 18 (64.3% of total) cases, partially removed in 1 case (3.6%), completely removed in 8 cases (28.6%), and replaced in 1 case (3.6%). On average 5.7±2.83 NPWT dressings were required to achieve the clinical cure. In 27 cases (96.4% of total) the wound was closed with the help of secondary sutures, in 1 case (3.6%) plastic surgery was provided. The average duration of antibiotic therapy was 38.2±18.1 days, the number of hospital days was 42.1±23.31. Relapse was noted in 1 (3.6%) patient with preserved metal structure one month after discharge. During microbiological tests, positive results (growth of microflora) were recorded in 26 (92.9% of total) patients, negative — in 2 casеs (7.1%). Among these, in 19 (67.9%) cases, a change of leading pathogen occurred during treatment period.
CONCLUSION: NPWT is an effective and safe method that can be characterized by good clinical results.
Application of additive technologies in the treatment of patients with gunshot wounds of the elbow joint
Authors: Kerimov Artur A. , Kukushko Evgeniy A. , Murzin Evgeniy A. , Onnitsev Igor E. , Khominets Igor V. , Besedin Vladimir D. , Kucherenko Anna A.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND: Management of patients with upper extremity gunshot wounds that have destroyed the elbow joint is a major challenge in modern traumatic and orthopedic surgery.
AIM: To assess medium-term surgical outcomes in patients with upper extremity gunshot wounds that have destroyed the elbow joint who received combination treatment using additive technology.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2022 and 2024, 25 patients with upper extremity gunshot wounds that have destroyed the elbow were treated using additive technology in the Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics of the Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Defense of Russia. All patients were male, with a mean age of 34.5±7.82 years. The mean time from injury to elbow replacement surgery was 193±39 days. The range of motion in the elbow joint was assessed. The QuickDASH and the Oxford Elbow Score were used to subjectively assess treatment outcomes after 3 and 6 months. CT examinations were performed at each stage.
RESULTS: A follow-up examination after 6 months showed an improvement in the range of motion in the majority of patients. The following criteria indicated a positive outcome: range of motion without limitations (Table 4, RF Government Decree No. 565 of July 4, 2013, On Approval of the Regulation on Military Medical Examination), QuickDASH score 45, and Oxford Elbow Score 70. The outcome was good in 17 (68%) patients and satisfactory in 5 (20%) patients. Three (12%) patients had postoperative complications (one patient’s elbow implant component was destroyed, and two patients developed deep periprosthetic infections), resulting in poor outcomes. Thus, the elbow joint function was successfully restored using additive technology in 22 (88%) patients.
CONCLUSION: In patients with upper extremity gunshot wounds that have destroyed the elbow joint, additive technology rapidly and completely restores the upper extremity function. However, the long-term outcomes of this treatment need to be investigated further.
Manifold learning-empowered lightweight unsupervised deep representation for edge-side fault detection
Authors: Mo Hangfeng , Chu Shilong , Liu Fengchun , Liu Jiameng , Zhang Ming , Mao Zhiwei
Published: December 2024

This paper addresses the problem of fault diagnosis in rotating systems by monitoring and analysis of their vibration signals. To tackle the prevalent challenges posed by the scarcity of high-quality labelled data and the complexity of models in the context of intelligent fault diagnosis
for edge computing deployments, this research introduces a lightweight unsupervised deep representation method for edge-side fault detection. By leveraging manifold learning, this approach places a strong emphasis on unsupervised learning and model compactness. Firstly, the approach utilises
the non-linear fitting capabilities of deep learning to implement manifold learning's dimensionality reduction, which can efficiently extract structured relationships from high-dimensional data, enabling rapid mapping of unlabelled samples to a lower-dimensional space. Then, the proposed method
includes a clustering algorithm to refine the model's accuracy by correcting pseudo-labels near category centres, reducing intra-class distances and enhancing low-dimensional clustering. Finally, the model employs the isolation forest (iForest) algorithm for the rapid identification of both
known and novel fault types at the edge, an innovative step in fault detection technology. Experiments on an open-source dataset and a real-world fault dataset collected by a customised test-rig indicate that the model proves effective in complex scenarios involving unlabelled data, sample
imbalances and emerging fault categories. Its success underscores its significant potential for real-time online fault diagnosis in industrial environments, marking a substantial advancement in the field of intelligent fault identification.
Burnout parental, monitoramento parental e repertório comportamental das crianças
Authors: Dorna Casper Boer July , Dos Santos Elias Luciana Carla
Published: December 2024

O burnout parental é um estado físico e psicológico de exaustão, caracterizado por um cansaço extremo devido às atividades diárias de cuidado. Esse estado pode levar a comportamentos negligentes e até violentos, atuando como um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento das crianças. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as relações entre burnout parental, monitoramento parental e as habilidades sociais e comportamentais das crianças. Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, transversal, com 108 cuidadoras e suas crianças de 6 a 10 anos. Os dados foram coletados por meio do Inventário de Burnout Parental, a versão traduzida e adaptada do Social Skills Rating System, e o Questionário de Monitoramento Parental. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais, com o auxílio do software JASP. Os resultados mostraram sinais significativos de burnout parental, especialmente na dimensão de exaustão. As cuidadoras relataram que as crianças apresentaram níveis médios a altos de habilidades sociais, mas também sinais de problemas comportamentais, sobretudo externalizantes. Esses achados reforçam a importância de intervenções preventivas que reduzam a exaustão parental e promovam práticas educativas positivas, contribuindo para melhorar as habilidades sociais e mitigar os problemas de comportamento das crianças, além de fortalecer as dinâmicas familiares.
Prevalence and risk factors of depression among medical students: a cross sectional study from Central India
Authors: Shaikh Sattar , Golawar Samir , Narlawar Uday , Thakre Subhash , Padyal Pratik , Jain Mudita
Published: December 2024

Background: Depression is a significant mental health concern among medical students, often attributed to academic pressure, lifestyle changes, and lack of coping strategies. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of depression and identify associated risk factors among medical students in Central India.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 190 medical students from a tertiary care hospital in Central India. Participants were assessed using the patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), a validated tool for screening depression. Data on sociodemographic and related variables were collected through a structured questionnaire. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors.
Results: The prevalence of depression was found to be 67%, with 43% of students experiencing mild symptoms. Key risk factors included years lost in academics, lack of parental support, lack of economic support and interpersonal conflicts.
Conclusions: Depression is highly prevalent among medical students in Central India, with significant associations to gender, academic stress, and lifestyle factors. These findings underscore the need for targeted mental health interventions, including stress management workshops, peer support programs, and routine mental health screenings in medical institutions.
Efecto de las variables meteorológicas en la evapotranspiración de referencia mediante métodos estadísticos multivariados en la cuenca del río Mosna
Authors: Acevedo Cruz Adan Alcides , Reyes Roque Esteban Pedro
Published: December 2024

La estimación precisa de la evapotranspiración de referencia (ETo) es fundamental para una adecuada planificación y gestión de los recursos hídricos para el riego. El modelo de FAO56 Penman-Monteith es el método estándar para la predicción de ETo, no obstante, su aplicación es muy restringida en muchas áreas geográficas por la falta de datos meteorológicos completos, por ende, el objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue determinar las variables que más afectan la variación de la ETo en la cuenca del río Mosna. Los datos meteorológicos fueron proporcionados por el SENAMHI (1964-2023) y NASA POWER (1981-2021). Como resultados de los modelos del análisis de componentes principales (PCA) y clasificación jerárquica ascendente (CJA) se encontró que las variables más importantes en la estimación de ETo son la temperatura máxima, radiación solar, humedad relativa y la velocidad del viento; mientras que la temperatura mínima tiene menor importancia en el cálculo de ETo con una varianza de 92,80 % en los dos primeros componentes (PCA1 y PCA2). Por lo tanto, este estudio permitió reducir la dimensionalidad de las variables de cinco a cuatro variables más significativas en el modelado de ETo, con la limitante de que la velocidad del viento debe ser validado en el campo.
"Dressing Old Words New": Shakespeare, Science, and Appropriation
Authors: Holderness Graham
Published: December 2024

This paper confronts the central question for studies of "appropriation": Is the appropriated work still the same work amended, or an entirely new and different cultural construction? Is appropriation about exploiting the immanent potentialities of the classic work, or rather about foregrounding the struggle between the work and its appropriator? If Shakespearean meaning were immutable, it would always resist and survive appropriation. If, however, Shakespeare does not "mean," in Terence Hawkes's phrase, "but it is we who mean by [him]," then there is nothing other than appropriation. In its search for models to illuminate the process of appropriation, this paper draws on the scientific metaphors found in critical language and on some simple paradigms from philosophy, biosciences, chemistry, and physics: Descartes on stability and change; mutability in the substance of protein; the molecular structure of metals and creation via the Big Bang.
Avant-garde Technique and the Visual Grammar of Sexuality in Orson Welles's Shakespeare Films Authors
Authors: Gil Daniel Juan
Published: December 2024

This essay argues that Orson Welles develops an avant-garde visual grammar that is perfectly calibrated to represent the felt reality of an asocial sexuality that runs through Shakespeare's plays. Welles's films systematically depart from the norm of language-based, face-to-face intimacy that is represented by the shot/reverse shot convention. In turning against this social and cinematic norm, Welles opens a filmic space in which to show non-linguistic or pre-linguistic forms of bonding that are rooted in profound connections between bodies that combine aggression and love and that, unlike the normative ties embodied in the conventional shot/reverse shot, are framed as anything but foundational components of a functional social life.
Shakespeare, the Movie II, edited by Richard Burt and Lynda E. Boose Authors
Authors: Johnson Jared
Published: December 2024

Richard Burt and Lynda E. Boose, eds. Shakespeare, the Movie II: Popularizing the Plays on Film, TV, Video, and DVD. London and New York: Routledge, 2003. xi + 328 pp. ISBN (paperback) 0-415-28299-3. ISBN (hardcover) 0-415-28298-5.
Model of reed valve dynamics in unsteady flow, solution algorithm, and validation on a single-cycle rig
Authors: Enikeev R. D. , Chernousov A. A.
Published: December 2024

The results of studying an application model of unsteady flow through the reed valve assembly of a two-stroke piston engine are presented. The main goal was to develop and validate a model based on the check valve calculation scheme in the ALLBEA software package. The principles of modeling the valve motion dynamics in conjunction with a one-dimensional model of gas dynamics, as well as the algorithmic presentation of calculations for their implementation in the package, are briefly discussed. An approach to valve model identification and the proposed method for adjusting the model coefficients are considered. For the identification and validation of the model the data obtained from a single-cycle experimental setup were used, in which flow through the reed valve with finite amplitude waves in the pipeline was organized. The conducted research contributes to the analysis and optimization of processes in pipelines, pumps, and engines, promotes the development of applied models, software tools, and calculation methods in the specified areas.
Methodology of calculating on-board equipment arranging coordinates with preliminary estimate of on-board cable system mass
Authors: Belyakov A. A. , Shulepov A. I. , Papazov V. М. , Prihodko V. I. , Fedosov A. V.
Published: December 2024

The article proposes a method for optimizing the layout of on-board equipment in spacecraft compartments according to the criterion of the minimum mass of the on-board cable system. The purpose of the work is to create a unified methodology for placing devices and verifying compliance with technical requirements. Methodological calculations are presented regarding the accounting of connections between devices and with other elements of systems, as well as a preliminary estimate of the mass of the on-board cable system, as a problem of variational calculus with elements of topological optimization. An algorithm for placing devices is based on their connection diagram with the ability to control the implementation of ergonomic, installation, size, mass centering requirements for the layout. Testing was carried out using the example of a spacecraft with a cylindrical compartment. It was organized in several stages in order to trace the change in the mass of the on-board cable system when the devices were displaced to meet the ergonomic, installation, and size requirements. The results of the tests made it possible to improve the procedure for determining the coordinates of instrument arrangement and the values of overall clearances. They also made it possible to compare the resulting mass of cables with statistics. The proposed methodology continues to be used in experimental testing by design engineers; some of its provisions will be developed in further research.
TÜRKİYE’S TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, e-GOVERNMENT AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Çeliksoy Emine , Canga Haydar Doğukan
Published: December 2024

A major technological change is taking place in the world. Technological developments have significantly affected public administrations in Türkiye, as in many states. In terms of public administration in Türkiye, e-Government implementation in the 2000s appears as an important development in this regard. Changing technology also changes the relationship between citizens and the state, and e-Government application can also be evaluated in this context. Many concepts are used to express technological developments, including the information age, the fourth industrial revolution, e-Government, digital transformation and artificial intelligence. Although steps related to technological developments have been taken at various times in Türkiye, addressing technological transformation as a public policy can be initiated with e-Government. In this context, the study includes the emergence process of e-Government, the elements of e-Government, its objectives, application examples of e-Government in Türkiye, e-Government in development plans and top policy documents, digital transformation office, the positive effects of technological development in Turkish public administration, Turkish The negative effects of technological change in public administration are included under the headings. It is qualitative research based on examining and evaluating legal and administrative texts related to e-Government in Türkiye.
PSI-MEREC-MACONT HİBRİT MODELİ İLE TÜRKİYE SAĞLIK SİGORTA BRANŞININ YILLARA GÖRE PERFORMANS SIRALAMASI
Authors: Aydın Ünal Esra
Published: December 2024

Sağlık sigortası; hastalık, yaralanma gibi sağlık riskleri ile karşılaşılması durumunda sigortalının tedavi ve ilaç masraflarının tamamını veya bir kısmının karşılandığı bir sigorta türüdür. Devlet hastanelerin yoğunluğu, ilaç ve cerrahi tedavilerin yüksek maliyetleri nedeniyle özel sağlık sigortası veya tamamlayıcı sağlık sigortası talepleri artış göstermektedir. Yıllar içerisinde giderek önem kazanan ve sigorta sektöründen önemli bir ekonomik paya sahip olan sağlık sigorta branşının gelişiminin incelendiği çok fazla çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada amaç, sağlık sigorta sektörünün 2011-2022 yılları arasındaki performansının PSI, MEREC ve MACONT yöntemlerini içeren hibrit bir karar modeli ile değerlendirilmesidir. Belirlenen kriterlerin objektif ağırlıklarını belirlemek için PSI ve MEREC yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Bu ağırlıklar ortak ağırlıklandırma yöntemi ile birleştirilmiştir. Belirlenen objektif kriter ağırlıkları dikkate alınarak MACONT yöntemi kullanılarak sağlık sigorta branşı verilerinin 2011-2022 yılları arasındaki performans sıralaması yapılmıştır. Ayrıca önerilen yöntemin tutarlılığını ve geçerliliğini göstermek için bir duyarlılık analizi yapılmıştır. Sağlık sigorta branşı için en yüksek performansın 2021 yılında gerçekleştiği görülmüştür.
DERİN ÖĞRENME VE EKONOMETRİK MODEL İLE BİTCOİN FİYAT TAHMİNİ: LSTM ve ARIMA
Authors: Büyükkör Yasin
Published: December 2024

Dünyada en çok rağbet gören kripto para birimi olması nedeniyle Bitcoin (BTC), yatırımcılar ve araştırmacılar için son yıllarda dikkat çekici hale gelmiştir. Merkezi bir para birimi olmaması ve spekülasyonlara açık olması BTC fiyatında yüksek oynaklığa sebep olmaktadır. BTC fiyatının oynaklığının dikkate alınarak tahminlenmesi özellikle yatırımcılar için büyük önem taşımaktadır. Son yıllarda Makine Öğrenmesi (ML) yöntemlerinin gelişmesiyle birlikte birçok finansal alanda olduğu gibi kripto paraların fiyat tahminlemesinde sıklıkla ML yöntemlerine başvurulmaktadır. ML yöntemleri geleneksel ekonometrik yöntemlerin aksine veri setinde meydana gelen dalgalanmaları herhangi bir varsayıma ihtiyaç duymadan dikkate almakta ve çoğu zaman daha iyi sonuçlar vermektedirler. Bu çalışmada, 01.01.2018 ile 21.12.2023 tarihleri arasında BTC fiyatı geleneksel ekonometrik yöntem olan ARIMA ile ML yöntemi olan LSTM kullanılarak tahminlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Yöntemler karşılaştırılırken performans kriterleri olarak RMSE, MAE ve MAPE kriterleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre LSTM yöntemi en düşük RMSE ve MAPE değerlerine sahip olmuştur.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of colistin plus meropenem therapy for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia
Authors: Moradi Hazhir , Sajadi-Javan Zahra Sadat , Mousavi Sarah , Rostami Soodabeh , Khaniabadi Bita Moradi
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives: Nosocomial pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria presents a sig- nificant challenge for healthcare systems, as there are limited effective treatments available. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate the outcomes of colistin plus meropenem combination therapy on nosocomial pneumonia.
Materials and Methods: An exhaustive search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WOS), and Embase databases was conducted, resulting in the extraction of 5 studies for qualitative assessment and meta-analysis. The study sample included
991 patients admitted with nosocomial pneumonia. The outcomes evaluated were clinical improvement, microbiological response, mortality, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, procalcitonin (PCT) levels, and intensive care unit (ICU) duration.
Results: The results demonstrated that colistin plus meropenem combination therapy significantly improved clinical out- comes (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.04-1.81, p = 0.027), reduced SOFA scores (OR = -0.28, 95% CI = -0.44 to -0.11, p = 0.001), and increased CCI scores (OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.02-0.29, p = 0.021) compared to other medications. However, other eval- uated parameters did not show significant differences.
Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicates that colistin-meropenem combination therapy is superior to other colistin-based treatments for nosocomial pneumonia in terms of clinical improvement, SOFA score reduction, and CCI score increase. Nevertheless, other variables assessed did not exhibit remarkable differences between the treatment regimens.
High prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes in multidrug-resistant-ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae post-COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rahimzadeh Golnar , Rezai Shaghayegh , Abbasi Ghazal , Soleimanpour Saman , Valadan Reza , Vahedi Laleh , Sheidaei Somayeh , Movahedi Faezeh Sadat , Rezai Raha , Rezai Mohammad Sadegh
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common pathogen associated with healthcare-related infections. It is particularly notable for its ability to develop resistance to multiple antibiotics, making treatment challenging. During the COVID-19 pandemic, increased antibiotic use to manage critically ill patients was contributed to the rise of multidrug-resis- tant Klebsiella pneumoniae. This study evaluated the antibiotic resistance patterns of multidrug-resistant, ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in northern Iran after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2022 and October 2023. Clinical samples were collected from patients with nosocomial infections at hospitals in Sari. This study included 114 multidrug-re- sistant ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed using broth macro-dilu- tion, and resistance genes were detected by multiplex PCR.
Results: Gentamicin, ampicillin-sulbactam, co-amoxiclav, and ceftazidime displayed the lowest activity against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. In contrast, piperacillin-tazobactam showed the highest activity. The prevalence of resistance genes was as follows: bla OqXA -B (67.54%).
Conclusion: This study identified over 50% of antibiotic-resistance genes. Over half of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneu- moniae isolates showed resistance to antibiotics except piperacillin-tazobactam, which is recommended for treating multi- drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections
Antiviral activity of Ferula assa-feotida on HSV-1, 2 in vitro
Authors: Charostad Javad , Navidfar Tahere , Kiani Masoumeh , Schinitzler Paul , Astani Akram
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives: Medicinal plants are the primary treatment for many infectious and non-infectious diseases. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of Ferula assa-feotida against herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, and compared it with the antiviral drug acyclovir.
Materials and Methods: In our experimental study, Ferula assa-feotida was dissolved in DMSO, then diluted in DMEM medium. Acyclovir was used at a concentration of 100 μM in all procedures. The antiherpetic activity and Antiviral activity of Ferula were evaluated in Vero cells (African green monkey kidney cells) by using the plaque reduction assay.
Results: Inhibitory concentrations of 50% (IC) of Ferula assa-feotida for HSV-1 and HSV-2 were determined at 0.00025%and 0.00015%, respectively. Ferula was introduced at various stages of viral infection and significantly inhibited HSV-1 and HSV-2 infectivity by > 95.5% and 89%, respectively, when virus was pre-treated before addition to the cells. No HSV-1 or HSV-2 activity was detected in cells treated prior to and following viral infection.
Conclusion: These results indicate that Ferula assa-feotida demonstrates antiherpetic activity in the early phase of viral infection and could be used as potential antiviral agent.
Comparison of the synthesis of the alpha-amylase enzyme by the native strain Bacillus licheniformis in immobilized and immersed cells
Authors: Mahmoudnia Fahimeh
Published: December 2024

Background and Objectives: The study focused on the amylase enzyme, widely used in the industrial starch liquefaction process. We looked into the best way to immobilize the native strain Bacillus licheniformis, which is the only alpha-amy- lase-producing bacterium, by trapping it in calcium alginate gel. This is a promising way to increase enzyme output.
Materials and Methods: We examined the effects of alginate content, biomass age, initial cell loading (ICL), bead size, and solidification duration in calcium chloride solution on enzyme synthesis. We conducted batch fermentations using both immobilized and free cells.
Results: Alpha-amylase production significantly increased with the alginate concentration ratio, achieving a maximum en- zyme yield of 23.5 U/mL at a 30 g/l alginate concentration, utilizing an initial cell loading of 1.5 g in 150-200 beads per flask. These involved cells from a 12-hour culture with a bead size of 5.0 mm, were solidified for 24 hours in a 2.5% (w/v) calcium chloride solution. The yield of the immobilized cells was approximately 111.71% higher than that of the free cells, which produced 11.1 U/ml. The immobilized cells consistently generated alpha-amylase over five repeated cycles, attaining a peak value of 23.5 U/ml during the first cycle, which was 2.2-fold more than the control (free cells).
Conclusion: We used a basic mass balance analysis to understand the growth of both fractions and the dynamics of amylase production in free cells and cells immobilized in Ca-alginate beads. The production of alpha-amylase in immobilized cells results in enhanced volumetric activities during fermentation. Notable advantages of this technique encompass prolonged stability, reuse and recycling, and the potential for adaptable regeneration.
Investigating the Impact of the Hospital Information System on the Performance of Management Units at Pasteur Hospital in Bam from the Perspective of Managers
Authors: Akbarian Bafghi Mohammad Javad , Shafa Shaghayegh , Baghdervazeh Saeideh , Khosravi Sajjad , Pourhamidi Rasheed
Published: December 2024

Background: The Hospital Information System (HIS) is a comprehensive information management system in hospitals that plays a significant role in the quality of managers' decisions. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the impact of the HIS on the performance of management units at Pasteur Hospital in Bam from the managers' perspective in the year 2023.
Method: The present study was an applied, descriptive, and cross-sectional study conducted in  2023. The performance of management units was examined in three clinical, human resources, and financial indicators. The study population consisted of all the managers at Pasteur hospital in Bam at three levels: executive, middle, and top management, who were entered into the study through a census (38 individuals). Information was collected using a standardized questionnaire, and for data analysis, SPSS 27 software and appropriate descriptive and analytical statistical tests (independent t-test and ANOVA) were used.
Results: Participating managers were 76.30 % women and 23.70 % men. 73.70 % of them had a bachelor's degree and most of them were in the category of operational and middle managers. From the point of view of the managers of the HIS, the greatest impact on the indicators of the trend of treatment activities (28.60 ± 5.35), cost (50.00 ± 3.60), productivity and training (32.35 ± 12.81) and the least impact on the indicators of information exchange (25.50 ± 4.67), income (32.33 ± 0.57), salary and wages (10.50 ± 5.00). In this study, three components—clinical, financial, and human resources—were examined separately by gender, education level, and management levels. The results of the independent t-test indicated that there was a significant difference only in the clinical component based on gender (p = 0.04)
Conclusion: To enhance the effectiveness of the HIS on managers' performance, it is essential to first conduct a comprehensive needs assessment of all management units. This needs assessment should identify the essential tasks and specific needs of each unit, and based on that, the enhancement of the HIS should be aligned with these needs. Moreover, paying special attention to the dimensions and indicators that receive less impact from this system can help improve the overall performance of the system and enhance its effectiveness in all aspects.
The Policy-Making Model Based on Conflict of Interest Management in Crisis Conditions in the Country's Health System (Case of Study: The Experience of COVID-19)
Authors: Sabzi Mahnaz , Monavarian Abbas , Abbasi Tayebeh
Published: December 2024

Background: Policy-making is one of the management functions in the health system, and according to the main goal of the health system, which is health promotion, health system approaches are advancing in the light of presenting a policy-making model based on conflict of interest management. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to present a policy-making model based on conflict of interest management in crisis conditions in the country's health system during the period of the COVID-19 crisis.
Methods: This research is an applied research in terms of purpose, and has a qualitative approach, and the multi-grounded theory method was used as the research method. This study was conducted by collecting data, through library studies and semi-structured interviews with 12 experts of the country's health system through theoretical sampling until the saturation point was reached. The inclusion criteria were familiarity with the policy-making process in the health system and having at least a master's degree related to policy-making, and the exclusion criterion was lack of desire and motivation. Data analysis was done in three stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding using MaxQDA10 software. In order to obtain the reliability and validity of the data, 2 methods of reviewing the participants and Lincoln and Guba (1985) approach were used.
Results: The findings showed that the policy-making model based on conflict of interest management includes 74 sub-categories in the form of 18 main categories of causal, contextual, intervening conditions, central phenomenon, consequences, and strategies. It indicates that selecting policy-maker, the personality characteristics of the policy-maker, the principles of health system policy-making, and medical resources and equipment are causal factors affecting policy-making based on conflict of interest management, which predicts consequences at the micro and macro levels.
Conclusion: The policy-making model based on conflict of interest management comprehensively identifies factors such as the personality characteristics of policymakers and health system resources as influential factors. This model shows that considering these factors, consequences can be predicted at the micro and macro levels. Therefore, effective conflict of interest management requires attention to various conditions and factors, so that decisions can be made optimally and without conflict.
Identifying and prioritizing the key factors affecting waste management in the healthcare sector using the Fuzzy Dematel method
Authors: Naeini Mehdi Kabiri , Elahi Zeynab , Zarch Ahmad Kamali
Published: December 2024

Background: Hospital wastes are very important as one of the most dangerous pollutants. With the ever-increasing amount of healthcare waste and the increasing awareness and demands of the people, sustainable management of healthcare waste has become increasingly important. The purpose of this research is to identify and prioritize effective and efficient factors on sustainable waste management in the healthcare sector.
Methods: The current research is a quantitative-qualitative (mixed) research. First, by reviewing the available literature, 10 factors affecting the sustainable management of health waste were identified. Sampling in both quantitative and qualitative parts has been done purposefully and through available observations. The qualitative part included open interviews with experts and managers. Then, these factors were prioritized by collecting opinions and using the fuzzy Dimetal technique.
Results: In this study, by reviewing the existing literature and conducting interviews, 10 factors were identified. These factors were divided into two general categories of influential factors and influential factors by implementing the fuzzy DEMATEL technique, which were prioritized as follows; Influential factors include green healthcare organization culture and encouraging waste recycling, promoting best practices for sustainable waste management, strengthening sustainable waste management training programs, improving environmental awareness of healthcare workers, planning for sustainable waste management, and creating a positive attitude towards sustainable waste management; influential factors include appropriate legal framework to support sustainable waste management, creating the necessary infrastructure for waste management, environmentally friendly waste management technologies, and purchasing based on environmental requirements.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this research, in order to reduce the risks related to health pollutants, it is necessary to design educational programs related to this issue in hospitals, so that on the one hand, a positive attitude towards the importance of paying attention to health waste control for employees is created, and on the other hand, appropriate activities is taught to them. Also, the government should implement controlling laws and periodic audits related to this issue.
Synthesis of acylglycerols structured with n3 PUFA in a packed bed reactor with recirculation: Op-timization by response surface
Authors: Noriega Rodríguez Juan Antonio , Correa-Leyva Cristian , Carrillo-Perez Esther , García Galindo Hugo Sergio
Published: December 2024

The enzymatic esterification of n-3 PUFA and glycerol (G) catalyzed by a Candida antarctica lipase was studied in a recirculating packed-bed reactor for the synthesis of acylglycerols. An n-3 PUFA concentrate was prepared by chemical hydrolysis of Menhaden's oil followed by urea treatment. A rotatable central composition design was used to evaluate the effect of molar ratio (0.47 – 5.52 mol n-3 PUFA / mol G), temperature (28.14 – 71.86°C) and time (0.24 – 2.76 h) on the production structured acylglicerols. The analysis of variance shows that all principal factors have a significant effect in the different responses (p<0.05). It was determined through response surface methodology that around 80% of global esterification can be reached, by operating with a molar ratio of 0.5 mol PUFA/mol G, 70°C and 2.75 h. In general, models have had a good adjust to experimental data (R2>0.92) and the optimal operating conditions for the formation of the different acylglycerols produced during the esterification (MAG, DAG and TAG) can be established.