bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Reintegration after the Implementation of Restorative Justice in the Indonesian Criminal Code
Authors: Amarini Indriati , Samhudi Gamalel Rifqi , Mukarromah Safitri , Ismail Noorfajri , Saefudin Yusuf
Published: May 2024

The current criminal code has been in force in Indonesia since 1918. Indonesia formulated criminal law reform in 1963 and in 2023, a law on the national criminal code was issued. The spirit of the Indonesian criminal code is reformative, progressive, and responsive to changes to the law. One of the strengths of criminal law is regulating criminal law from the perspective and achievement of justice to repair and restore the situation after the event and judicial process known as restorative justice. The desire to strengthen restorative justice programs takes a long time and is complicated. This research aims to analyze the development of the concept of social reintegration through the application of restorative justice in the criminal justice process. This research was conducted qualitatively using secondary data and doctrinal legal study methods. The results showed that changes in criminal law arrangements caused opinion differences since restorative programs are widely used as a substitute for traditional and retributive approaches. The application of restorative justice in national criminal law must be implemented. Social reintegration in the implementation of restorative justice as regulated in the Criminal Code can be successful through commitment and collaboration between the community, government and law enforcement officials
CONCENTRAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA DA INOVAÇÃO E OS INVESTIMENTOS PÚBLICOS NO ECOSSISTEMA DE INOVAÇÃO GOIANO
Authors: Oliveira Guilherme Resende , Godoi Cintia Neves
Published: May 2024

O objetivo do estudo foi mapear o ecossistema de inovação em Goiás, identificando as relações institucionais e socioeconômicas dos seus principais agentes, além de apresentar alguns indicadores relacionados a produção técnico-científica e o mercado de trabalho de ligado à área de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (CT&I). Também, pretendeu-se analisar o ecossistema estadual de inovação por meio das dimensões sugeridas pelo Guia de desenvolvimento de ecossistemas e Centros de Tecnologias Inovadoras (SANTA CATARINA, 2017b). Esse estudo se justifica por considerar recorrente os investimentos em concentração geográfica dos Ambientes de Inovação em países mais inovadores, e articulação de diferentes agentes para apoiar processos inovadores, e crescimento da economia. Como principais resultados se percebe a estruturação do ecossistema com indicadores de sucesso, como abertura e consistência das ações de Incubadoras, Parques Tecnológicos. Como sugestões para trabalhos futuros é possível avançar no diagnóstico para mapear os agentes privados e financeiros para fortalecimento do ecossistema.
CONFLITO SOCIOAMBIENTAL DO TURISMO NO PARQUE ESTADUAL DO JALAPÃO - TO*
Authors: Souza Maria Antônia Vadaladares de , Grácio Héber Rogério , Cançado Airton Cardoso
Published: May 2024

Este artigo objetiva analisar um conflito socioambiental oriundo da atividade turística no Parque Estadual do Jalapão (PEJ), Tocantins, Brasil. Criado em 2001, com o propósito de proteger a fauna e a flora e garantir o aproveitamento sustentado do potencial turístico, o parque, contudo, foi sobreposto ao território das comunidades quilombolas. Sob um olhar interdisciplinar, por meio da observação participante assistemática e da análise documental, a pesquisa tem uma abordagem qualitativa de caráter descritivo e analítico. Os resultados apontam um conflito socioambiental em uma unidade de conservação de proteção integral que, contraditoriamente, incentiva o turismo e não admite a permanência das comunidades tradicionais. Após 20 anos da institucionalização do PEJ, com a situação fundiária ainda não regularizada, o poder público iniciou um processo de concessão dos serviços turísticos à iniciativa privada, sem considerar novamente a realidade do território. Em 2021, mesmo em tempos da pandemia de Covid-19, o fluxo de turistas apresentou um crescimento de 180%. Nesse contexto, agravou-se o conflito socioambiental entre os vários atores no controle do uso dos recursos naturais.
CRIAÇÃO DA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE JUIZ DE FORA: ALTERNATIVA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO REGIONAL?
Authors: Guilherme Júnior Vicente dos Santos , Guimarães Inácio Andruski , Polli Simone Aparecida
Published: May 2024

Em 2015 foi proposta a criação da Região Metropolitana de Juiz de Fora (RMJF) visando impulsionar o desenvolvimento econômico local/regional. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a viabilidade daquela proposta enquanto instrumento capaz de contribuir para a promoção do desenvolvimento regional. De natureza qualitativa, delineado como estudo de caso e, apoiado em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, esse trabalho analisa os objetivos e argumentos relacionados à criação da RMJF. O referencial teórico consiste em autores como Franzoni (2015), Firkowiski (2015), Branco et. al. (2013), Santos (1990), entre outros. Constatou-se que a proposta analisada tende a ser pouco efetiva no sentido de promover desenvolvimento regional, estando mais relacionada à metrópole como fato institucional que ao processo socioespacial de metropolização.
A CONCENTRAÇÃO NO MERCADO MUNDIAL DE MILHO: EVIDÊNCIAS EMPÍRICAS
Authors: Wander Alcido Elenor , De Moura Cunha George Henrique
Published: May 2024

O presente trabalho visou determinar o grau de concentração do mercado internacional de milho em grão. Foram utilizadas as seguintes variáveis: (a) Quantidade produzida (t) por país, (b) Quantidade (t) exportada por país, e (c) Quantidade (t) importada por país. Foram determinados os seguintes índices de concentração: (a) razão de concentração CR(k); (b) quartéis de concentração; e (c) Índice de Herfindahl-Hirschman (IHH). Os resultados mostram que a produção de milho em grão foi reportada por 166 países, apresentando baixa concentração (IHH = 1623), com razões de concentração CR2 de 54%, CR5 de 70% e CR10 de 80% no triênio 2018-2020. As exportações de milho em grão foram registradas por 150 países, também com baixa concentração (IHH = 1732), com razões de concentração CR2 de 48%, CR5 de 82% e CR10 de 91% no mesmo período. As importações de milho em grão foram realizadas por 192 países, denotando ausência de concentração (IHH – 401), com razões de concentração CR2 de 18%, CR5 de 35% e CR10 de 55%. Portanto, produção e exportação apresentam algum grau de concentração, enquanto nas importações não foi observada concentração entre países.
CIDADES INTELIGENTES: UMA FERRAMENTA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO URBANO HUMANO E SUSTENTÁVEL
Authors: Barreto Vitória Rodrigues , Andrade Diogo de Calasans Melo
Published: May 2024

O presente artigo visa investigar as cidades inteligentes como uma possível ferramenta de viabilização do objetivo de desenvolvimento sustentável (ODS) nº 11 e a efetivação do direito ao desenvolvimento dentro do ambiente urbano. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, de método qualitativo e técnica dedutiva, com fins descritivos e meios bibliográficos. Parte-se da premissa de que as cidades inteligentes têm o potencial de auxiliar na efetivação do direito ao desenvolvimento e da ODS nº 11 diante de seus objetivos e finalidades semelhantes a ambos, tornando as metas abstratas e gerais do ODS nº 11 mais concretas e realizáveis, além de contribuir na mensuração do progresso de cada uma das 17 ODS pela utilização das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação – TICs. Conclui-se, todavia, que na prática os objetivos das cidades inteligentes costumam ser desvirtuados. O uso de novas tecnologias em si toma a posição central que pertence ao ser humano e isso impede a concretização do potencial que essa forma de planejamento detém. A pesquisa apresenta originalidade, uma vez que apresenta contribuições para o estudo da implantação das cidades inteligentes cenário jurídico, onde ainda não há muitas pesquisas sobre o tema, e apresenta uma nova abordagem ao analisá-las sob ótica do direito ao desenvolvimento.
Travessias de conhecimento
Authors: Martins de Almeida Santos Sandro , Pinheiro de Andrade Paulo Ricardo
Published: May 2024

Nosso objetivo é apresentar os desafios educacionais e políticos inerentes à realização do “Intercâmbio Intercultural das Escolas da Fronteira", projeto executado anualmente por professores de escolas públicas de Bonfim (BR) e Lethem (GY), mobilizando instituições de ensino fundamental e médio dos dois países. Trata-se de atividade escolar que articula não somente estudantes e profissionais de educação das duas cidades, mas sim múltiplos níveis de integração transfronteiriça. O intercâmbio é tratado como um ritual de integração transnacional. Rituais mobilizam constelações de símbolos que dão sentido à vida coletiva. Aos professores, de ambos os lados da ponte que une/separa os países, cabe o papel de artífices de relações internacionais extra oficiais, afirmando as continuidades do cotidiano transfronteiriço face às descontinuidades colocadas pelas burocracias nacionais.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic and psychological resilience among undergraduate medical students
Authors: Sahoo Rashmirekha , Soe Htoo Htoo Kyaw , Sahoo Soumendra
Published: May 2024

Pandemic always has negative impact on students in higher education. Especially when learning emphasises on hands-on experience. Due to movement The social distancing and online teaching during COVID-19 pandemic had impact on student learning, We aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety, depression and resilience of medical students to COVID-19 related worries during pandemic.

We conducted a cross-sectional study among 1200 undergraduate medical students. The survey questionnaires has six parts; demography information, modified version of COVID-19 related worries, the impact of COVID-19 in teaching and learning, resilience using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, generalized anxiety disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale & lastly patient health questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of GAD-7 was 0.930 and PHQ-2 was 0.811. We used multiple linear regression to determine the association between resilience and anxiety, depression, and COVID-19 related worries. All the statistical tests were two-sided, and the level of significance was set at 0.05.

Most of the students showed a moderate amount of COVID-19 related worries about contracting, dying or unintentionally infecting others, having financial burden following pandemic, affecting their study. Around 32.8% of the medical students had minimal anxiety while 35.7% had mild, 14.1% had moderate and 17.4% had severe anxiety disorder. The mean resilience score was 23.1 (SD 7.3). There was statistically significant negative association between resilience and anxiety with regression coefficient of -0.36 (95% confidence interval -0.43 to -0.29), P<0.001. Female students had significantly higher anxiety (regression coefficient 2.03; 95% confidence interval 0.92 to 3.15; P<0.001) and COVID-19 related worries (regression coefficient 2.91; 95% confidence interval 1.48 to 4.35; P<0.001) than male students.

A significant proportion of medical students experienced anxiety and depressive symptoms, with varying degrees of severity. We emphasize the need for targeted support and interventions to address anxiety, depression, and promote resilience.
Discurso, memória e violência de gênero
Authors: Araújo Ana Luiza Nogueira de
Published: May 2024

Com o presente texto busca-se analisar a persistência de uma memória discursiva e sentidos sobre o sujeito mulher em relatos de mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica e familiar. A partir do referencial teórico-analítico da análise de discurso de filiação materialista, e em diálogo com os estudos de gênero, serão tratados os conceitos de memória discursiva e os processos discursivos que conduzem à construção de formas de identificação. Nesta conjuntura, é atribuída especial atenção às relações de poder entre homens e mulheres, as quais são patriarcais e desiguais, com os corpos trazendo discursos que permeiam diversas searas, jurídicas, políticas e econômicas. A condição feminina nas relações de poder nos remete a um trajeto por discursos que se cruzam através dos fios da memória, indicando representações socialmente aceitas e marcando lugares que foram legitimados em situação de embate, luta e resistência A questão atinente às contradições sociais, bem como as marcas de interdição e reivindicação de direitos e espaços de expressão terminam impedindo que as mulheres sejam vistas pelo seu traçado de conquistas, inscrevendo-as atualmente como alvo de violência doméstica e familiar, potencializada durante a pandemia de Covid 19.
linguística aplicada e a opção decolonial como bases para um estudo em políticas linguísticas e internacionalização universitária
Authors: Guth Alencar , Sambugaro de Mattos Brahim Adriana Cristina
Published: May 2024

A partir do lançamento do Programa Institucional de Internacionalização da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (PrInt/Capes), em 2017, a internacionalização universitária e as políticas linguísticas ganharam um novo capítulo nas pesquisas acadêmicas no Brasil. A fim de se enquadrarem no programa, as universidades passaram a especificar as suas concepções teóricas, epistemológicas e ideológicas em torno dessas práticas que, junto com outros elementos, constituem a comunidade universitária. Nesse cenário, com o objetivo principal de problematizar alguns discursos em políticas linguísticas e internacionalização universitária, realizamos uma pesquisa a partir da triangulação analítica entre alguns pressupostos da linguística aplicada, dos estudos decoloniais e resultados de uma pesquisa sobre o projeto de internacionalização (PrInt) de uma universidade brasileira. Entre os conceitos estudados e algumas considerações construídas estão a possibilidade de diálogo entre a linguística aplicada brasileira e os estudos decoloniais latino-americanos, a ligação entre as práticas de linguagem cotidianas e as políticas e ideologias linguísticas institucionais, além da internacionalização compreensiva e em casa. Além dos resultados alcançados, neste artigo damos ênfase ao percurso da pesquisa, isto é, ao modo como desenvolvemos essa articulação teórico-epistemológica na prática. Mostramos como as escolhas conceituais e de categorias de análise fazem parte das orientações epistemológicas e ideológicas dos pesquisadores.
Combinational Toxic Effect of Insecticide and Fungicide on Hematological Indicators in Mice
Authors: Beg Shahwaj , Lonare Milindmitra K. , Sharma Manjinder , Singla Saloni , Dumka Vinod Kumar
Published: May 2024

Exposure to two or more compounds in a living system may result in unexpected outcomes. The present study was planned to investigate the effect of two pesticides, Imidacloprid (IMI) and Carbendazim (CBZ), when exposed alone and in combination, on hematological indicators. All mice were equally divided into six different groups consisting of normal control, IMI-L & IMI-H (45.5 & 90.0 mg/kg feed, respectively), CBZ-L & CBZ-H (1.4 and 2.8 g/kg feed, respectively) alone, and in combination (IMI-L+CBZ-L). Blood was collected, and hematology was performed upon completion of the 28-day feeding period. Results revealed that exposure to IMI and CBZ did not show apparent signs and symptoms of toxicity except for the IMI high dose alone. The net average feed and water consumption per mouse were comparatively less in the IMI-H and CBZ-H groups compared to the control group. A dose-dependent significant change (p<0.05) in TLC, TEC, PCV, and Hb values was noticed in treatment groups. Non-significant changes (p>0.05) in the percent lymphocyte, eosinophil, and monocyte were noticed between all the treatment groups. No significant change (p>0.05) in the values of Hb, PCV, MCV, and MCH of the IMI-L+CBZ+L treated group was noticed when compared with the respective IM-L and CBZ-L groups. A non-significant change (p>0.05) in studied parameters was noticed when compared between IMI-L+CBZ-L treated groups with corresponding CBZ-L and IMI-L alone treatment groups. Based on the interactive index, the study concluded that a combination of IMI and CBZ exposure via the dietary medium has no definitive additive or synergistic toxic effect on hematological indicators.
Molybdenum-Induced Oxidative Stress and Histopathological Alterations in the Epididymis
Authors: Pandey Geeta , Jain G. C.
Published: May 2024

Molybednum is one of the trace elements required for proper functioning of the human body. The present study was designed to assess the effects of molybdenum on accessory reproductive organ i.e. epididymis. Male Wistar rats were administered with three different doses of molybdenum (50, 100 and 150 mg/kg body weight) for 60 days. A recovery study was also conducted in the highest dose group for which half the animals of the group were left untreated for the next 60 days. Exposure to molybdenum induced a significant decline in superoxide dismutase, ascorbic acid and glutathione while lipid peroxidation revealed a significant increase in epididymis in dose-dependent manner. Significant reduction in epididymal epithelial cells height, short sterocilia, increased intertubular stroma, decreased epididymal sperm reserve in the lumen and reduction in the diameter of cauda epididymal tubules with a relatively large amount of intertubular stroma was observed in epididymis of mice treated with molybdenum which might be correlated with enhanced oxidative stress. In the recovery group, significant improvement in antioxidant parameters and histoarchitecture of epididymis was observed indicating toxic effects of molybdenum can be reversed by cessation of exposure.
Proteolytic Profile Alterations as One of the Scorpion’s Leiurus macroctenus Envenomation Effects on Kidneys
Authors: Ruzhena Matkivska , Serhii Shchypanskyi , Nataliia Raksha , Tetiana Vovk , Tetiana Halenova , Oleksandr Maievskyi , Olexiy Savchuk , Liudmyla Ostapchenko
Published: May 2024

Scorpion envenomation becomes a serious challenge for the healthcare systems in tropical and subtropical regions. Among the variety of organs being affected by the venom, kidneys can accumulate most of the toxins recently after the sting, therefore, the homeostasis, including the proteolytic homeostasis of the renal system during the envenomation is under question. Using the SDS-PAGE and zymography methods we have investigated the proteolytic profile in the rats’ kidneys during the Leiurus macroctenus scorpion envenomation. As it turned out, envenomation leads to the increase of the relative activity of enzymes with collagenolytic, gelatinolytic and fibrinogenolytic properties with molecular weights of 30-50 kDa and 50-70 kDa, simultaneously decreasing the relative activity of proteases with higher molecular weight (70-100 kDa). We have also observed the major changes occurring in 24 hours after the envenomation. We may assume that the obtained results are most likely related either to the formation of proteolytically active fragments of proteases with higher mass, or the excessive expression of proteases with lower mass, yet additional tests need to be conducted to prove these hypotheses. Significant changes in assessed parameters in 24h after the envenomation suggest the increased danger in this period of envenomation for the proteolytic homeostasis in kidneys and the integrity of the renal system overall. Therefore, the described effects can be an important reason for the kidney dysfunctions during the Leiurus macroctenus envenomation.
Interactions of HRLCMS-QTOF Detected Plant Metabolites of Abrus precatorius L. Seeds with EGFR and the Effect of Classically Detoxification Process
Authors: Vikram E. N. T. , Kamaraj R. , Ilavarasan R.
Published: May 2024

Abrus precatorius L. is one of the most important medicinal plants with toxic principles which has been reported for many cases of poisoning throughout the globe. Shodhana is an important technique in Ayurveda which includes a set of procedures to detoxify the toxic herbal raw drugs. Hence three varieties of unprocessed and shodhana processed Abrus precatorius L. seeds were chosen and the hydro alcoholic extracts were prepared by maceration. These extracts were subjected to HRLCMS-QTOF analysis and the receptor-specific action of all the major components selected with the cutoff range of more than 0.2x106 counts was analyzed with GLIDE (Schrodinger 2021-1, maestro v13.6) software. Totally 570 molecules were identified in HRLCMS, and 299 molecules were docked against EGFR downloaded from the RCSB database with the crystal structure of 5XDK. The HRLCMS has revealed the presence of many unknown compounds in extracts and the major compounds identified were Indoleacrylic acid, PABA, Galangin 3- [galactosyl-(1->4), Chrysoeriol 7-O-neohesperidoside, gallic acid, calendoflaside, etc. In docking studies, the glide scores of the ligands were compared with the standard ligand 8JK and it was found that the compounds present in the extracts have shown good binding scores in comparison with the standard ligand. It is concluded that the shodhana processed seed extracts show a wide range of phytochemical variation and a notable in silico docking score and hence the raw drug after shodhana can be considered promising for research and development of cancer management therapies.
Isolation and Characterization of a Triterpenoid Compound from Sodhita Semecarpus anacardium L. Drupe Ethanolic Extract and its Anticancer Potential In Vitro
Authors: Gopinath Pandian  , Rathinam Arunadevi , Vajiravelu Sivamurugan
Published: May 2024

Semecarpus anacardium is listed in Schedule E1 of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, of 1940. It is purified (sodhana) and used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases, including gulma (hard mass/cystic growth or lump). Studies on Semecarpus anacardium in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cell lines are hitherto unavailable, hence this study was conducted. The drupes of sodhita Semecarpus anacardium were extracted with solvents of different polarity, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of each extract was determined in the NSCLC cell line (A549). The ethanolic extract with an IC50 of 47.09±0.032 μg/ml was found to be better than the other extracts and, therefore subjected to compound isolation by wet-pack column chromatography. The fractions (6-9 and 15-19) with a single spot identified by thin-layer chromatography were crystallized (56 mg) and used for spectral techniques. The probable compound structure of C30H50O2, elucidated by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR revealed it as a triterpenoid derivative. The IC50 of the isolated compound was 15.73±0.019 μg/ml which was further used to investigate anti-cancer properties The treated cells showed apoptotic features like cell blebbing, loss of cell adhesion and membrane integrity. A semi-fragmented piece of unresolved DNA and G2/M phase arrest was observed in the treated cells. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that the expression of the NSCLC biomarkers c-ROS oncogene-1 (ROS1) and proinflammatory factor nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was significantly (p<0.05) downregulated in the treated cells. Based on these observations, it was concluded that the isolated compound could be a potential candidate for lung cancer therapy.
Navigating perils at the US-Mexico border: an illustrated exploration of trauma among southern border migrants
Authors: Greenhill Mark , Natali Stefano , Mushtaq Raza , Schmit Berndt P
Published: May 2024

Surge in migrants at the US-Mexico border, intensified by Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has led to over 2.7 million U.S. Border patrol encounters in 2022. This article explores trauma among Southern border migrants, categorizing injuries from desert crossing, border wall traversal, fleeing, and train travel.
 
Desert migration poses risks from harsh terrain, extreme temperatures, and dehydration. The border wall, covering a quarter of the border, results in varying falls, correlating with increased morbidity at greater heights. Motor vehicle use introduces dangers, including high-speed chases and altercations, causing significant morbidity. "La Bestia," cargo trains, expose passengers to assault, coercion, and injuries during boarding attempts.
 
The study details organ-based injuries, emphasizing distinct patterns in facial trauma, thoracic injuries, abdominopelvic injuries, and lower extremity injuries. Controlled and uncontrolled falls have diverse outcomes, with pediatric populations facing increased morbidity.
 
In conclusion, migrants face serious risks, including heat-related illnesses, violent crimes, and traumatic injuries. Southern border migrants, often deported without complete care, represent an underserved population. This exploration sheds light on their unique healthcare needs, urging attention to their challenges in a concise manner.
Emerging Technology Integration - Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) for Predictive Analysis for Safety and Toxicity Assessment in Environmental Toxicology
Authors: Okechukwuyem Ojji Stephen
Published: May 2024

Environmental toxicology is facing unprecedented challenges due to the escalating complexity of environmental issues. Traditional methodologies for safety and toxicity assessment are struggling to keep pace with the rapid evolution of pollutants and their impacts on ecosystems and human health. In response to this pressing need, there has been a paradigm shift in the field towards the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques. This research article delves into the transformative potential of AI and ML in environmental toxicology, elucidating how these advanced computational tools offer promising solutions for predictive analysis.
By leveraging vast datasets and sophisticated algorithms, AI and ML enable more efficient, accurate, and timely assessment of environmental risks. They empower researchers and policymakers to anticipate and mitigate potential hazards before they escalate into crises. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse applications of AI and ML in environmental toxicology, ranging from predictive modeling of chemical hazards to early detection of environmental threats.
Furthermore, it highlights the potential of AI and ML to revolutionize decision-making processes in environmental management and policy formulation. By synthesizing vast amounts of data and identifying complex patterns and correlations, these technologies offer invaluable insights for crafting evidence-based policies and strategies to safeguard the environment and public health.
This research article underscores the pivotal role of AI and ML in addressing the multifaceted challenges of environmental toxicology. Through their integration, we have the opportunity to enhance our understanding of environmental risks, optimize resource allocation, and ultimately, pave the way towards a more sustainable and resilient future.
Demographic Insights into Migraine Prevalence and a Cost-Effective Analysis of Various Prophylactic Medications
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, Saran Divya , Sharma Lokendra , Bansal Alka , Kumar Susheel , Rathore Rajveer Singh , Joshi Priyanka
Published: May 2024

Headache, a common human experience, has been classified since antiquity. Migraine, a prevalent disabling primary headache condition, has significant personal and societal consequences. Understanding its demography is critical for creating effective prevention and treatment methods. An observational study of 387 persons with chronic migraine was conducted over a six-month period. They were divided into three groups and given a separate prophylactic drug. Demographic information was collected at the outset, and patients were assessed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. The study population had an average age of 38.20 ±12.78 years, with 90% of the participants being female. Migraine was most common in those under 30 (37%), followed by those between 31 and 40 (28%). The most common co-morbidity (43.5%) was anxiety. Propranolol alone was the most cost-effective preventative medication, followed by propranolol plus escitalopram. This study sheds light on the intricate relationship between migraine and demographic characteristics, underlining the significance of individualized care. Because females are more vulnerable, age-specific therapies are critical, as are gender-sensitive approaches. The potential benefits of preventative drugs in decreasing both personal and society burdens are highlighted by socioeconomic factors and cost-effectiveness analyses. To optimize outcomes and cost allocation, this study advocates for a patient-centered, comprehensive approach to migraine care. Keywords Migraine, Prevalence, Prophylactic Medications, Demographics, Cost­effectiveness Analysis
Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) of Hydroxychloroquine(HCQ) in the -Preexposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) of COVID-19 in Health Care Professionals in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Jadhav Pranav S , Tamboli Saleem B , Parsode Rahul B
Published: May 2024

In December 2019 an outbreak of emerging COVID-19 due to the SARS CoV-2 infection started in Wuhan, China and rapidly spread throughout the world. WHO declared COVID-19 as PANDEMIC on 12th March 2020. Various drugs were introduced to treat and prevent this pandemic. Hydroxychloroquine gained widespread attention due to its antiviral action and inhibitory effect. HCQ was preferred which has antiviral effect similar to that of Chloroquine. ICMR and FDA has advocated their use in severe COVID-19 disease. There are uncertain and limited data to support the beneficial effect of this drug. Our study was aimed to investigate the adverse drug reaction of HCQ given prophylactically for COVID-19 to the health care professional. After taking ethical committee approval, a study was conducted among the health care professional from 1st April 2020 to 31st May 2020. The participants were given an online pretested, validated questionnaire to ascertain the adverse effects while taking HCQ. Due to the nature of COVID-19 and restrictions on personal interview and examination, only online symptom questionnaire for adverse effects was given. 183 participants were involved in the study who were working as a health care professional in COVID-19. Out of these 9 participants were excluded based on the exclusion criteria. 73 adverse drug reaction were found in 56 participants. Most common and frequent side effects were headache, nausea, loose stools and dizziness. Almost 22 participants required some painkillers to treat the adverse effects. Data was entered in MS Excel and presented in the form of frequencies and percentages. Almost 32.18% reported adverse effects. So utmost care should be taken before using HCQ prophylactically in health care professionals working in COVID-19. Keywords Adverse Drug Reaction, Preexposure Prophylaxis, COVID 19, Hydroxychloroquine, Health Care Professionals
Analytical QBD Approach to Redefine the Quality of Pharmaceuticals: A Review
Authors:   Hindu college of pharmacy, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, Ameen Shaik Ayesha , Pappula Nagaraju
Published: May 2024

As per the present scenario traditional techniques of quality by testing of finished pharmaceutical products have proved to be unsatisfactory, although focus on 'Total quality assurance can be attained only by in-process testing and analysis. The Quality by Design (QbD) idea has already been established and applied in all nations that adhere to the International Conference on Harmonization Guidelines. The proposed ICH Guidelines Q8 for pharmaceutical development, Q9 for quality risk management, and Q10 for pharmaceutical quality systems offer a foundation for incorporating quality into the product. Other components are being added and integrated into the analytical method development process, including as Quality Risk Management, the Pharmaceutical Quality System, and Process Analytical Technology (PAT) guidelines. The Quality by Design (QbD) idea has already been established and applied in all nations that adhere to the International Conference on Harmonization Guidelines. The proposed ICH Guidelines Q8 for pharmaceutical development, Q9 for quality risk management, and Q10 for pharmaceutical quality systems offer a foundation for incorporating quality into the product. Other components are being added and integrated into the analytical method development process, including as Quality Risk Management, the Pharmaceutical Quality System, and Process Analytical Technology (PAT) guidelines. They are widely acknowledged in the business as AQbD (Analytical Quality by Design) ideas. This paper attempts to summarize QbD achievements to date, regulatory perspectives on QbD, a comparative examination of conventional and analytical QbD techniques in method development, and issues about its fundamental application. Keywords Quality by Design, Design of Experiments, Analytical Quality, Critical Quality Attributes Analytical Target Profile, Process Control
Fediverse
Authors: Polančič Gregor , Brdnik Saša , Perša Tomi
Published: May 2024

Družbeni mediji so postali temeljni del sodobnega sveta, izjemno vplivajo na način komunikacije, oblikovanje mnenj, trženje in interakcijo. Decentralizirani družbeni v primerjavi s centraliziranimi rešujejo problematiko zasebnosti podatkov in monopolnega nadzora. Trenutno največji ekosistem decentraliziranih družbenih medijev predstavlja Fediverse, ki povezuje instance različnih decentraliziranih družbenih medijev, kjer imajo uporabniki nadzor nad lastnimi podatki in vsebino. V prispevku so predstavljene značilnosti Fediversa, razlika med centraliziranimi in decentraliziranimi družbenimi mediji, ključni predstavniki slednjih in skupna tehnična izhodišča. Opisane so prednosti in izzivi njihove implementacije skupaj s primeri uporabe v domačem in širšem okolju. V zaključku so orisani prihodnji obeti in smernice ter predlogi za uporabo Fediversa. Priložnosti za prihodnjo uporabo so prepoznane predvsem v iniciativi federativne komunikacije za javne organe, odpravi groženj svobodnega govora in izboljšanju nadzora nad zasebnostjo.
Misskey
Authors: Gergič Tine , Čeh Tanaja , Završnik Jaš , Jurine Žan
Published: May 2024

Misskey je japonska decentralizirana odprtokodna spletna platforma za mikrobloging, ki se v številnih pomembnih vidikih razlikuje od primerljivih centraliziranih družbenih omrežij, kot je na primer X. Misskey je del decentraliziranega omrežja Fediverse, kjer platforme niso odvisne od interesov korporacij. Medij je bil zasnovan kot rešitev za težave in pomanjkljivosti centraliziranih družbenih omrežij, kot so pomanjkanje zasebnosti, nadzor nad osebnimi podatki in prioritete prikazovanja vsebine. Misskey ponuja visoko prilagodljiv uporabniški vmesnik in omogoča ustvarjanje lastnih skupnosti ter povezovanje z drugimi družbenimi omrežji Fediversa, kot sta Mastodon in Pixelfed. Na Misskeyu je implementiranih več konceptov družbenih medijev, in sicer tako osnovni, kot so identiteta, pogovori, deljenje, prisotnost, odnosi, sloves in skupine, kot tudi napredni, kot so video vsebine, shramba v oblaku (angl. cloud storage), zasebne skupine in povezovanje z drugimi platformami. Od drugih omrežij, kot sta Reddit in X, se Misskey razlikuje predvsem po decentralizaciji in svobodi identitete. Analitika uporabniškega profila Misskey vključuje različne metrike za merjenje uspešnosti, kot so odzivni čas, število sledilcev, všečkov, komentarjev, delitev, omemb, klikov na oglas in ogledov objav ter velikost strežnikov. Te metrike uporabniku omogočajo vpogled v interakcije uporabnikov z njegovimi objavami in pomagajo pri ocenjevanju učinkovitosti platforme.
PeerTube
Authors: Matjašič Ana , Koščak Aneja , Kranjčec Gošnjak Teja
Published: May 2024

PeerTube je decentraliziran družbeni medij, ki služi kot odprtokodna alternativa centraliziranim platformam za deljenje videoposnetkov. Njegov razvoj se je začel v letu 2015 in ključni doprinos je bila funkcija decentralizacije leta 2017, ki je spremenila uporabniško izkušnjo in spodbudila priljubljenost med konkurenčnimi platformami. Skozi čas so se razvijale nove funkcionalnosti, monetizacija vsebin, ter spremembe uporabniškega vmesnika. Kljub manjši priljubljenosti v primerjavi z YouTubom, PeerTube ostaja pomembna alternativa, predvsem zaradi decentralizacije, kar omogoča uporabnikom večji nadzor nad vsebino. Nadalje so analizirani osnovni koncepti in napredni koncepti PeerTuba, vključno z decentralizacijo, odprtokodnostjo, Mastodon integracijo, ter kategorizacijo in skupnostmi. Primerjava z YouTubom poudarja prednosti PeerTuba v anonimnosti, nadzoru nad vsebinami ter manjši nagnjenosti k cenzuri. Analiza naprednih konceptov zajema prenos v živo, video vsebine in še bolj podrobno opiše pomembnost decentralizacije in odprtokodnosti. Poglavje zaključuje s primeri uporabe na globalni in lokalni ravni, SWOT analizo ter slabosti v manjši prepoznavnosti in omejenih finančnih sredstvih za razvoj. Na koncu pa sledijo ugotovitve in morebitne težave ter možnosti nadaljnjega raziskovanja o decentraliziranih družbenih medijih.
Pleroma
Authors: Novak Domijan Tinkara
Published: May 2024

Pleroma je decentralizirani družbeni medij za ustvarjanje mikrobloga ter del Fediversa. V tem prispevku predstavljamo analizo Plerome iz različnih pogledov. Predstavili smo pregled nastanka Plerome in njen razvoj skozi čas. Predstavili smo jo iz vidika priljubljenosti danes in med obstojem. Izvedli smo analizo prisotnosti osnovnih ter naprednih konceptov družbenih medijev. Primerjali smo jo z njeno centralizirano alternativo X-om oz. nekdanjim Twitterjem glede na uporabnike, vsebine in prisotnost osnovnih konceptov. Proučili smo jo tudi iz vidika konceptov in metrik, s katerimi je možno ugotoviti uspešnost družbenega medija v interakciji z občinstvom, pri čemer smo tudi navedli nekaj orodij za analizo metrik. Raziskali smo, kako se je Pleroma uveljavila med uporabniki spleta na lokalni in globalni ravni ter izvedli SWOT analizo. Podali smo tudi nekaj primerov priljubljenih instanc.
Twetch
Authors: Kavka Klemen , Kramberger Neli , Senekovič Maja , Topolovec Urh
Published: May 2024

Twetch je decentralizirano družbeno omrežje, ustanovljeno leta 2019, ponuja pa funkcionalnosti po katerih so ravno ta znana: uporaba kriptovalut in varnost podatkov. Deluje s tehnologijo veriženja blokov, po funkcionalnosti je zelo podoben Facebooku in še posebej Twitterju (dandanes znan pod imenom X). Lahko rekli, da si skoraj delita videz uporabniškega vmesnika, funkcionalnosti, naročnino za odklep naprednih funkcionalnosti itd. Za razliko od Twitterja oz. X, pa je Twetch na trgu družbenih omrežij prisoten le štiri leta, glavno poslanstvo platforme so kriptovalute in dobičkonosnost, kar je vzporedno z njihovim ciljem, da bodo vsi uporabniki postali milijonarji. To pa bi bilo mogoče po zaslugi dejstva, da sta vsaka objava in interakcija z objavo (všeček, poobjava itd.) in tudi funkcije kot npr. temen izgled uporabniškega vmesnika plačljivi, plačila pa lahko uporabniki izvedejo le s kriptovalutami, same interakcije se pa kot transakcije shranijo na BSV verigo. Twetch je beležil oktobra 2023 skoraj 60 000 uporabnikov, zaradi popularnosti in napovedanih rasti decentraliziranih družbenih omrežji, pa lahko sklepamo, da bo to število samo naraščalo [16, 28].
arcX
Authors: Skok Anita , Šolinc Eva , Žabrl Patrik
Published: May 2024

ARCx je inovativen decentraliziran družbeni medij, ki presega tradicionalne okvire s svojo vlogo analitičnega orodja za organizacije. Začeli smo z globokim raziskovanjem razvoja družbenih medijev in njihovega izvora. Primerjali smo ARCx z alternativnimi centraliziranimi družbenimi mediji, kot sta Bereal in Threads, s ciljem ugotoviti skupne točke ter razlike med njimi. Kot analitično orodje ima ARCx obsežno paleto meril in metrik, ki smo jih natančno definirali in analizirali. S številnimi obstoječimi analitičnimi orodji smo raziskali najboljše prakse uporabe tega medija. Na koncu smo izvedli analizo SWOT, da bi identificirali moči, pomanjkljivosti, priložnosti in grožnje ARCx. Ta celovita analiza nam je omogočila boljše razumevanje funkcionalnosti in potencialov družbenega medija, pripomogla k izboljšanju strategij uporabe ter prispevala k celostni oceni njegove vloge v sodobnem digitalnem okolju.
Funkwhale
Authors: Lorenci Larisa , Stepišnik Lia , Košica Tija
Published: May 2024

Ta analiza se osredotoča na decentraliziran družbeni medij za poslušanje glasbe, ki se imenuje Funkwhale. Odprtokodna platforma je nastala leta 2017, njen glavni cilj pa je zagotavljanje alternative tradicionalnim glasbenim storitvam, kot so Spotify in Apple Music. Podrobno je opisan tudi razvoj Funkwhale-a, njegove ključne značilnosti in kako se platforma razlikuje od drugih, bolj priljubljenih glasbenih storitev. Izvedena je tudi primerjava Funkwhale-a s Spotify-jem, ki temelji na konceptih družbenih medijev. Naloga vključuje tudi analizo SWOT, ki izpostavlja Funkwhale-ove prednosti, slabosti, priložnosti in grožnje.
Hubzilla
Authors: Potočnik Blaž , Maroh Jernej , Leskovar Timi , Kovač Žan
Published: May 2024

Ob mnogo polemikah in primerih cenzure, vdorih v podatke in kršitvah zasebnosti ter zmeraj močnejšem korporativnem nadzoru nad prevladujočimi popularnimi družbenimi mediji, mnogi uporabniki pogledujejo k bolj decentraliziranim, zaprtim, alternativnim družbenim omrežjem, z večjim poudarkom na varovanju identitete in objavljenih vsebin. Raziskovanju takšnega decentraliziranega družbenega medija, imenovanega Hubzilla, smo se posvetili tudi v pričujočem prispevku.. V raziskavi smo s konceptualno analizo, primerjavo s centraliziranimi alternativami, proučevanjem primerov dobre prakse in z analitiko družbenega medija, preučili strukturo, funkcionalnosti, koncepte in druge značilnosti Hubzille. Z zbiranjem in sistematičnim urejanjem mnogih dostopnih podatkov in s pomočjo analize različnih virov smo v prispevku oblikovali osnovno ogrodje za boljše razumevanje in približanje platforme Hubzilla širšemu občinstvu. Poskušali smo nakazati tudi morebitne izboljšave, ki bi lahko koristile platformi. Skozi raziskavo smo ugotovili, da so zasnova platforme, uporabniški vmesnik in upravljanje pooblastil ter nastavitev še zmeraj prekompleksni za navadne internetne uporabnike, zaradi česar je število aktivnih uporabnikov zelo majhno.
Z dziejów prasy łódzkiej. „Kurier Łódzki” i „Echo” - wydawnictwa Jana Stypułkowskiego (1919-1939)
Authors: Olejnik Leszek
Published: May 2024

In this article the history of one of two biggest Lodz publishing houses in the 2nd Rzeczpospolita (Republic) was presented. The lawyer Jan Stypulkowski played the main role in it, although at first he had a few partners (1920-1923 cx-Primc Minister Leopold Skulski). Since December 1919 the company edited „Kurier Łódzki” newspaper which arose on the base of the paper of the same title, bought from the previous publisher - Stanisław Książek - and of „Straż Polska”. In 1925 Jan Stypulkowski started publishing his sensational afternoon paper „Łódzkie Echo Wieczorne” (1928-1939 - „Echo”). In the early 1930’s on the intersection of 195 Piotrkowska Street and 2 Żwirki Street a modem building, containing a printing firm and offices of both newspapers, was built. In the 1930’s basing on many local mutations of „Echo” the newspaper company owned by Jan Stypułkowski successfully competed for the readers’ market on almost the whole teritory of Poland. The newspapers of the discussed above company underwent in the interwar period a significant ideological and political evolution. Until 1922 „Kurier Łódzki” was connected with the National Peasants’ Union and then it represented the Christian-Democratic direction. From the close of the 1920’s both newspapers gradually passed on to pro-sanacional positions.
Assessment of Transgressive Segregants for Yield and its Component Traits in French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Pramanik K. , Kumari M. , Sahu G.S. , Acharya G.C. , Tripathy P. , Dash M. , Jena C.
Published: May 2024

Background: Extreme phenotypes carried on by transgressive segregation are, moreover, heritably stable in contrast to heterosis. It has been hypothesized that the development of extreme or “transgressive” traits in segregating hybrid populations assists in the adaptive divergence of hybrid taxa. The investigation on French bean was experimented to evaluate transgressive segregants generated in the F2 generation for yield and related traits. Methods: The present study on French bean was conducted during rabi 2019 to 2022 to elicit data on transgressive segregants produced for yield and related traits in F2 generation. Fertile F1 hybrids were developed from three crosses: IC 632961 × Arka Sukomal, IC 632961 × Arka Arjun and Arka Arjun × IC 63296. Heterosis was estimated for yield and related traits in these hybrids. The F2 progeny were evaluated in open field condition. Mean, standard deviation and percentage of transgressive segregants were estimated for quantitative traits under investigation. Result: Transgressive segregants were observed in all three crosses, with the highest number of transgressive segregants for yield traits found in the progeny of the cross IC 632961 × Arka Sukomal. The identification and isolation of such transgressive segregants indicate that the parents possess favourable alleles and genes governing the traits of interest, which can be consolidated into a single or a few genotypes through stringent selection. Superior and desirable transgressive segregants were observed for all sixteen yield and its component traits, except for leaf length, in the two cross combinations Arka Arjun × IC 632961 and IC 632961 × Arka Arjun. The highest percentage of transgressive segregation was observed for the number of inflorescences per plant (79.49%), followed by the number of pods per plant (78.46%) and pod yield per plant (75.61%) in the F2 generation.
Pengaruh Struktur Modal, Likuiditas, Aktivitas, Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Kesulitan Keuangan
Authors: Pamungkas Wihandaru Sotya , Akmalia Alien , Saputri Silvia Dian Rizki
Published: May 2024

This study aims to find empirical evidence of the effect of capital structure, liquidity, activity, and company size on financial distress (KK). The sample used is companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) engaged in the consumer goods sector in 2016-2020. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling with financial statement criteria in rupiah and explicitly lists operating profits. The number of samples analyzed was 305 units. The analysis tool uses binary logistic regression. The results obtained are that the capital structure (SM) has a significant positive effect on KK, liquidity (LIK) has a significant negative effect on KK, activity (AKT) has a significant negative effect on KK, and company size (UP) has a significant negative effect on KK.
Keywords: Financial Distress, Capital Structure, Liquidity, Activity, Firm Size