bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
𝑉-filtrations and minimal exponents for local complete intersections
Authors: Chen Qianyu , Dirks Bradley , Mustaţă Mircea , Olano Sebastián
Published: April 2024

We define and study a notion of minimal exponent for a local complete intersection subscheme 𝑍 of a smooth complex algebraic variety 𝑋, extending the invariant defined by Saito in the case of hypersurfaces.
Our definition is in terms of the Kashiwara–Malgrange 𝑉-filtration associated to 𝑍.
We show that the minimal exponent describes how far the Hodge filtration and order filtration agree on the local cohomology

H
Z
r

⁢

(

O
X

)

\mathcal{H}^{r}_{Z}(\mathcal{O}_{X})

, where 𝑟 is the codimension of 𝑍 in 𝑋.
We also study its relation to the Bernstein–Sato polynomial of 𝑍.
Our main result describes the minimal exponent of a higher codimension subscheme in terms of the invariant associated to a suitable hypersurface; this allows proving the main properties of this invariant by reduction to the codimension 1 case.
A key ingredient for our main result is a description of the Kashiwara–Malgrange 𝑉-filtration associated to any ideal

(

f
1

,
…
,

f
r

)

(f_{1},\ldots,f_{r})

in terms of the microlocal 𝑉-filtration associated to the hypersurface defined by

∑

i
=
1

r

f
i

⁢

y
i

\sum_{i=1}^{r}f_{i}y_{i}

.
Results on solutions of several systems of the product type complex partial differential difference equations
Authors: Liu Xiao Lan , Xu Hong Yan , Xu Yi Hui , Li Nan
Published: April 2024

This article is devoted to exploring the solutions of several systems of the first-order partial differential difference equations (PDDEs) with product type

u

(

z
+
c

)

[

α

1

u

(

z

)

+

β

1

u

z

1

+

γ

1

u

z

2

+

α

2

v

(

z

)

+

β

2

v

z

1

+

γ

2

v

z

2

]

=
1
,

v

(

z
+
c

)

[

α

1

v

(

z

)

+

β

1

v

z

1

+

γ

1

v

z

2

+

α

2

u

(

z

)

+

β

2

u

z

1

+

γ

2

u

z

2

]

=
1
,

\left\{\begin{array}{l}u\left(z+c){[}{\alpha }_{1}u\left(z)+{\beta }_{1}{u}_{{z}_{1}}+{\gamma }_{1}{u}_{{z}_{2}}+{\alpha }_{2}v\left(z)+{\beta }_{2}{v}_{{z}_{1}}+{\gamma }_{2}{v}_{{z}_{2}}]=1,\\ v\left(z+c){[}{\alpha }_{1}v\left(z)+{\beta }_{1}{v}_{{z}_{1}}+{\gamma }_{1}{v}_{{z}_{2}}+{\alpha }_{2}u\left(z)+{\beta }_{2}{u}_{{z}_{1}}+{\gamma }_{2}{u}_{{z}_{2}}]=1,\end{array}\right.

where

c
=

(

c

1

,

c

2

)

∈

C

2

c=\left({c}_{1},{c}_{2})\in {{\mathbb{C}}}^{2}

,

α

j

,

β

j

,

γ

j

∈
C
,

j
=
1
,
2

{\alpha }_{j},{\beta }_{j},{\gamma }_{j}\in {\mathbb{C}},\hspace{0.33em}j=1,2

. Our theorems about the forms of the transcendental solutions for these systems of PDDEs are some improvements and generalization of the previous results given by Xu, Cao and Liu. Moreover, we give some examples to explain that the forms of solutions of our theorems are precise to some extent.
Quenching of Disk-Shaped Components in Aqueous Polymer Solutions
Authors: Lübben T. , Frerichs F. , Barbieri M. , Buss L. , Riefler N. , Fritsching U.
Published: April 2024

In addition to various advantages over oil quenching, quenching in aqueous polymer solutions can also have disadvantages. Under certain conditions, “explosive” phenomena can occur when quenching steel components in such solutions, leading to pressure waves and vibrations in the quenching tank, which can even destroy the weld seams of the tank in the long term. After these processes were analyzed in the past when quenching cylindrical shafts, the processes occurring with horizontally charged disks have now been investigated. The main difference between these two geometries lies in the size of the lower disk end face, which significantly impedes the outflow of evaporated portions of the aqueous polymer solutions and thus has a pronounced influence on the cooling behavior of disk-shaped components. The investigations to be presented here were carried out in a laboratory quenching tank. The type and concentration of the polymer, the flow type and the diameter of the inner bore of the disks were varied. Temperature and conductivity were measured and audio and video recordings were made to characterize the resulting cooling processes. Selected quenching variants are presented in detail in the article. Furthermore, key figures for characterizing the various cooling variants are compared and discussed.
Carbon composites in the mitigation of micro and nanoplastics
Authors: Samiappan Sumathi C , Mahesh Narayanan , Pandiyan Rajesh , Balakumar Srinivasan
Published: April 2024

The pervasive issue of micro and nanoplastics (MNPs) in the environment has escalated into a global concern, necessitating the exploration of innovative and efficient removal strategies. This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the application of carbon composites in mitigating MNPs, drawing upon a wide array of studies and technological advancements in the field. Carbon composites, known for their high surface area, porosity, and functional ability, offer a promising avenue for the adsorption, degradation, and removal of MNPs from various environmental matrices. We delve into the mechanisms underlying the interaction between carbon composites and MNPs, including physical adsorption, chemical binding, and photocatalytic degradation, highlighting the factors that influence these interactions, such as composite structure, surface chemistry, and environmental conditions. The review further categorizes carbon composites, such as activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and biochar-based composites, examining their efficacy, limitations, and potential environmental impacts. A critical analysis of recent field and laboratory studies provides insights into these composites’ practical applications and performance in real-world scenarios. Additionally, we discuss the challenges and future directions for developing carbon composites, including scalability, regeneration, and the sustainable production of these materials. Carbon composites hold significant potential for efficient mitigation of MNPs, offering a viable solution to one of our time’s most pressing environmental challenges. However, further research is needed to optimize these materials for widespread application, enhancing their selectivity, capacity, and durability while minimizing unintended environmental consequences. This review aims to catalyze further investigation and innovation in the field, paving the way for developing more effective and sustainable technologies for mitigating micro and nanoplastics.
An archaeology of the Pomeranian Crime of 1939: collecting the material evidence
Authors: Kobiałka Dawid , González-Ruibal Alfredo
Published: April 2024

‘An archaeology of the Pomeranian Crime of 1939’ is a multidisciplinary scientific project that focuses on collecting the material evidence of the Nazi German mass execution committed in the first months of the Second World War in the Gdańsk Pomerania region in Poland. Since 2023, it has excavated mass graves containing material evidence of crimes against humanity.
What Is Probation, Anyway? Reflections from a Decade of Research
Authors: Phelps Michelle S.
Published: April 2024

Observers of the criminal legal system in the U.S. have increasingly looked beyond prisons to map the expansion and consequences of mass supervision, or the role of probation and parole in people’s lived experiences of correctional control. In this commentary, I reflect on the lessons learned from a decade of research on mass probation, focusing in particular on how drug testing helps us understand the risks and potential benefits of supervision. In light of the concerns about the harms of supervision, I argue that scholars and advocates should reconsider the fundamental purpose of probation and ask what it might look like to abolish supervision as we know it.
General Practice or Evidence-Based? Exploring Drug Testing for People without a Substance Use Disorder
Authors: Lovins Brian
Published: April 2024

The criminal justice system is enthralled with drug testing. It is a billion dollar industry fueled by drug courts, swift certain, and fair strategies, and the idea that probation is a privilege. It has become so pervasive that even people without an identified drug problem are often tested on a regular basis. While the field has accepted drug testing as a key component, this paper suggests that the data, while limited, is not as pervasive as the practice itself. This paper will explore the current research on drug testing, how effective it is for people without an identified substance use issue, and what are some of the collateral consequences to testing that may offset any perceived or real benefit to the practice.
The Cost of Testing
Authors: Myers LaTonya
Published: April 2024

An edited and condensed version of remarks delivered by LaTonya Myers as a panelist at the “Drug Testing and Community Supervision: Interrogating Policy, Practice, and Purpose” convening in Columbus, Ohio, in November 2023. Myers discusses her experiences—mostly negative—of probation and drug testing in Philadelphia, which began at age 12 after she intervened in a domestic violence incident involving her mother, and outlines a very different model of supervision. Myers is the founder of Above All Odds, an organization dedicated to supporting those harmed by mass supervision and incarceration in Philadelphia and to advocating for systemic change.
Combining Frequent Alcohol Testing with Swift-Certain-Fair Sanctions
Authors: Kilmer Beau , Midgette Greg , Nicosia Nancy
Published: April 2024

24/7 Sobriety programs largely focus on reducing alcohol consumption among justice-involved individuals whose alcohol use has led them to repeatedly threaten public safety. Participants are ordered to abstain from alcohol use and subject to frequent alcohol testing (e.g., twice daily breathalyzers, remote alcohol monitoring); those testing positive face an immediate sanction, typically a night or two in jail. Unlike drug courts and other forms of coerced substance use disorder treatment, 24/7 does not require participants to enter a treatment program or attend self-help group meetings; however, these approaches are not necessarily mutually exclusive. The empirical evidence suggests that participants largely abstain from heavy drinking while in the program and that 24/7 participation is associated with lower probability of criminal legal involvement and mortality. This evidence is largely based on research in the Great Plains states with large rural populations. Several questions remain about these programs (e.g., optimal program length, possible benefits of incorporating positive incentives, efficacy of different alcohol testing technologies), many of which can best be answered in an experimental setting. In addition to reviewing the existing research on 24/7, this paper highlights additional research questions and ideas for conducting randomized controlled trials with the program, especially in more urban areas.
Study on Alcoholysis of Waste PET and Its Application in Wood Modification
Authors: Xiang Wenli , Li Zhibin , Zhang Baoyin , Tang Hui , Yuan Xinbing , Xu Tianle
Published: April 2024

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a thermoplastic polyester, is frequently used in plastic packaging such as bottles, films, and synthetic fibers. Due to its slow degradation in the natural environment, the accumulation of PET in large quantities poses a serious threat to the ecosystem. In this study, camphor pine wood was impregnated with these products by first alcoholyzing the waste PET, followed by the creation of a functional resin. The process of PET binary alcoholysis and unsaturated polyester (UPR) synthesis successfully incorporated certain characteristic groups from the PET raw material structure into the subsequent products of each stage, and cured them into a bulk unsaturated polyester with p-phenylene structure. The curing reaction primarily occurred in the carbon-carbon double bonds, according to the FTIR analysis of the PET raw material and the products at each stage. Under ideal conditions, the vacuum impregnation enhancement modification of camphor pine led to a 52.1 % increase in compressive strength and a decrease in water absorption from 103.8 % to 42 %, effectively enhancing the wood’s compressive strength and resistance to water absorption.
A Simple Hybrid Approach for the Synthesis of Heat Exchanger Networks Involving Internal Utility Exchangers
Authors: Soltani Hadi , Pirzadeh Zahra
Published: April 2024

This study aims to present a simple hybrid approach for synthesizing heat exchanger networks (HENs). The synthesis of HEN structures employs a genetic algorithm based

on a modified node representation, closely resembling the stage-wise superstructure

model. This modified representation allows for addressing the internal utility exchangers

throughout the entire network. Despite the nonlinear nature of the model governing the

continuous variables of each structure, a relatively simple linear formulation is developed

to handle these variables. This novel formulation comprises a linear programming model

for maximum energy recovery, a linear correction procedure (COP), and two search

loops. The COP focuses on determining the optimal values of exchangers’ heat loads and

stream split ratios to reach the minimum total annual cost of the network. The study investigates four extensively studied medium- to large-scale networks from the literature.

Despite the simplicity of the proposed approach, a comparison of results demonstrates its

potential effectiveness.
Current Progress on the Microalgae-mediated Treatment of Pharmaceutical Active Compounds
Authors: Ahmed Siraj , Mujtaba Ghulam , Rizwan Muhammad , Ahmed Sheeraz , Raza Muhammad , Ali Syed Wamiq
Published: April 2024

Pharmaceutical active compounds (PACs) are under consideration due to their potential risk to human health and the ecosystem. Researchers are exploring economical and effective wastewater treatment methods to address these issues. Conventional wastewater treatment facilities cannot successfully remove PACs. The co-existence of several PACs and various microalgal species provides an opportunity for microalgae-based bioremediation of PACs. This review paper focuses primarily on antibacterial resistance genes (ARGS), removal of PACs through microalgal systems, essential factors influencing PACs removal, ecotoxicity of microalgae, bioprospecting strategy for microalgae, and challenges and future aspects for microalgae in PACs removal.
Successful Selective Biliary Cannulation Using Biopsy Forceps during Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: A Case Report
Authors: Chang Sung Hoon , Park Jin Myung
Published: April 2024

Periampullary diverticulum is a risk factor for the occurrence and recurrence of gallstone diseases. It is controversial whether periampullary diverticulum affects the success rate of elective biliary cannulation. In some cases, periampullary diverticulum makes selective biliary cannulation difficult. We report a case in which selective biliary cannulation was possible using biopsy forceps in the presence of periampullary diverticulum.
Concept Map-Assisted Learning: An Effective Strategy for Building Knowledge Structures
Authors: Cheng Xiaoqiao
Published: April 2024

Concepts are generally understood as fundamental building blocks underlying principles, thoughts, and beliefs (Goguen, 2005), playing a central role in all facets of cognition. For students, conceptual understanding is the foundation of the development of disciplinary knowledge. Thorough comprehension of core concepts is critical to the mastery of relevant knowledge and skills and their practical applications (Wang & Miao, 2023). From teachers’ point of view, successful conceptual instruction can significantly increase teaching efficacy and aid students in developing legitimate knowledge structures. Through in-depth analysis of concepts, teachers guide students to discover the relations between knowledge, fostering their learning interest and thinking ability (Yan, 2022). In order for students to grasp core concepts more efficaciously, educators have experimented with a wide variety of teaching methods, including cooperative learning, project-based learning, concept mapping, and more (Wang, 2016). Among them, concept mapping is recognized as an effective device for students mastering major concepts and developing connections between new and prior knowledge.
Online Teaching Research in China in the Context of Educational Digitization
Authors: Zhou Changheng
Published: April 2024

Against the backdrop of digital transformation in education and the implementation of the “Three Links and Two Platforms Program,” teaching research among Chinese teachers has exhibited a growing tendency towards informatization. Information technology has been increasingly leveraged by teachers not only to organize teaching research activities and analyze research data but also to demonstrate their research outcomes. This article aims to give an overview of the history of online teaching research in China and pinpoint the promotional factors underlying its development. Inadequacies in current online teaching research are also discussed.
A virtual reality exploration of library services: Affordances and perceptions
Authors: Rojas Alfaro Roberto
Published: April 2024

Community college libraries provide valuable resources and services to both students and local residents. However, these libraries are not used as much as they could be, partly because people can find them hard to access and are unaware of what they offer. This study used both qualitative and quantitative methods to measure how well people remembered information from a virtual reality (VR) library tour compared to a traditional public presentation about the library’s offerings. The study found no statistical difference in user knowledge retention between the control and experimental groups. Additionally, VR participants described positive experiences of autonomy and immersiveness while using the interface, expressed desires for a wider range of actions during the tour, and at times reported motion sickness and discomfort using the VR interface. While such VR tours afford access to students and members of the public not able to physically travel to the library, VR tours should be utilized as augmentations, not replacements, for ways of sharing what libraries offer. Future research should specifically investigate gendered differences in user experiences.
СПОСОБИ ЗАХИСТУ ПОРУШЕНИХ ПРАВ НА ТЕХНОЛОГІЮ: ЦИВІЛЬНО-ПРАВОВИЙ І ГОСПОДАРСЬКО-ПРАВОВИЙ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: Rozghon Olha
Published: April 2024

Розглянуто технологію як об’єкт правового регулювання та виділено способи захисту порушених прав на технологію. Визначено, що технологію можна розглядати як об’єкт цивільно-правових і господарсько-правових відносин. Водночас технологія не є об’єктом права інтелектуальної власності, оскільки вичерпний перелік об’єктів інтелектуальної власності надано у ст. 420 Цивільного кодексу України. Однак об’єктом технології можуть бути об’єкти права інтелектуальної власності (зокрема об’єкти промислової власності). У статті підкреслено, що процес передавання технологій та її складових, що передаються, обов’язково оформлюються через укладення договору трансферу технологій. Зазначено, що оскільки серед істотних умов договору про трансфер технологій є відповідальність сторін за порушення умов договору та порядок вирішення спірних питань стосовно виконання умов договору, то у разі порушення умов договору можуть застосовуватися загальні способи захисту учасників договірних відносин у сфері трансферу технологій. Підкреслено, що технологія — це об’єкт правового регулювання, окремі складові якого наділені правовим статусом інших об’єктів цивільно-правового регулювання, тому в разі порушення прав інтелектуальної власності на технологію застосовують як загальні, так і спеціальні способи захисту прав на технологію.
ОЗНАКИ СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ЯКОСТІ ЖИТТЯ ВОЄННОГО ЧАСУ В УКРАЇНІ Й ЗАВДАННЯ ЇЇ ПОВОЄННОГО ПІДНЕСЕННЯ
Authors: ГЕЄЦЬ Валерій
Published: April 2024

Розкрито, як у контексті забезпечення процесів демократизації господарської влади актуалізується проблема соціальної якості життя не тільки як певного стандарту, а і як інституційної характеристики соціального суб’єкта, що соціалізується в логіко-історичному контексті процесів соціалізації.
Охарактеризовано соціовимірний контекст розвитку «дружніх стосунків» шляхом використання інструментів виробничої демократії у країнах Європейського Союзу, розкрито важливість цих процесів для України, яка прагне вступити до ЄС. «Виробнича демократія» розглядається як така, що має характер соціального діалогу, який виходить на загальнонаціональний рівень, а тому соціальна взаємодія і соціальна співпраця між державою, роботодавцями і найманими працівниками дають на рівні суспільства окремої країни результати щодо сприяння розвитку економіки в цілому. Показано, що соціальний фактор, поряд з виробничою функцією продуктивної праці й соціальною функцією діяльності, формує продуктивну функцію соціальної взаємодії, оскільки розвиток і окремих бізнесів, і економіки в цілому досягається також і завдяки соціальному співробітництву (взаємодії).
Обґрунтовано, що в результаті соціальної взаємодії виникає ефект дії, тобто соціальна взаємодія є соціальним конструктором дії, оскільки масовість «виробничої демократії» завдяки демократизації господарської влади стає однією з успішних форм соціального розвитку бізнесу і всього суспільства.
Поряд з моделлю соціальної держави, на основі ідеологеми «суспільство участі» розвивається модель соціальної взаємодії держави, бізнесу і населення з використанням соціальних опор суспільства. Показано, як в Україні (за досвідом окремих країн, таких як Велика Британія і Японія) формувати, ефективно залучаючи соціальні опори суспільства та їх інститути, успішну модель повоєнного відновлення й розвитку економіки на засадах політико-економічної моделі солідаризації основних партнерів, на принципах консенсусу між державною, бізнесом і населенням з метою побудови високоефективної моделі повоєнного відновлення.
МОДЕЛЬ «НАЛЕЖНОГО УРЯДУВАННЯ» ЯК ШЛЯХ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ПУБЛІЧНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: КОРОЩЕНКО Микола
Published: April 2024

Досліджено модель «належного урядування» у контексті потреб реформування публічної політики в Україні з урахуванням сучасних реалій і можливостей держави. Актуальність даної проблеми пов’язана з тим, що перехід до модернової системи державного управління з сильними інституціями, підкріпленими верховенством права, вимагатиме від українського уряду кроків, які мають бути здійснені вже за часів військових дій, опрацювання тих стратегічних пріоритетів, які спрямують державу на траєкторію демократизації і євроінтеграції. Аргументовано, що нині модель «належного урядування» є однією з найпривабливіших альтернатив моделі державного управління, реалізація якої буде можливою тільки за виконання низки умов, додержання яких в Україні є проблемним з огляду на наслідки військової агресії. Утім, і сьогодні держава може зробити кроки для впровадження моделі «належного урядування». При цьому її базові постулати дозволяють говорити про те, що це не просто один з варіантів державного управління, а філософія життя в державі, яка передбачає співпрацю як основну форму взаємодії між різними учасниками тих процесів (соціальних, економічних, політичних, інформаційних), які характеризують усю різноманітну діяльність сучасної держави. Виокремлено проблеми, які заважають активному переходу  України до даної моделі, але її імплементація повинна вирішити такі стратегічні завдання державного управління, як боротьба з корупцією, свобода ЗМІ, підвищення професіоналізму службовців, що неминуче постануть перед країною в післявоєнний час.
A National Quality Improvement Collaborative to Improve Antibiotic Use in Pediatric Infections
Authors: McCulloh Russell J. , Kerns Ellen , Flores Ricky , Cane Rachel , El Feghaly Rana E. , Marin Jennifer R. , Markham Jessica L. , Newland Jason G. , Wang Marie E. , Garber Matthew
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Nearly 25% of antibiotics prescribed to children are inappropriate or unnecessary, subjecting patients to avoidable adverse medication effects and cost.

METHODS

We conducted a quality improvement initiative across 118 hospitals participating in the American Academy of Pediatrics Value in Inpatient Pediatrics Network 2020 to 2022. We aimed to increase the proportion of children receiving appropriate: (1) empirical, (2) definitive, and (3) duration of antibiotic therapy for community-acquired pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, and urinary tract infections to ≥85% by Jan 1, 2022. Sites reviewed encounters of children >60 days old evaluated in the emergency department or hospital. Interventions included monthly audit with feedback, educational webinars, peer coaching, order sets, and a mobile app containing site-specific, antibiogram-based treatment recommendations. Sites submitted 18 months of baseline, 2-months washout, and 10 months intervention data. We performed interrupted time series (analyses for each measure.

RESULTS

Sites reviewed 43 916 encounters (30 799 preintervention, 13 117 post). Overall median [interquartile range] adherence to empirical, definitive, and duration of antibiotic therapy was 67% [65% to 70%]; 74% [72% to 75%] and 61% [58% to 65%], respectively at baseline and was 72% [71% to 72%]; 79% [79% to 80%] and 71% [69% to 73%], respectively, during the intervention period. Interrupted time series revealed a 13% (95% confidence interval: 1% to 26%) intercept change at intervention for empirical therapy and a 1.1% (95% confidence interval: 0.4% to 1.9%) monthly increase in adherence per month for antibiotic duration above baseline rates. Balancing measures of care escalation and revisit or readmission did not increase.

CONCLUSIONS

This multisite collaborative increased appropriate antibiotic use for community-acquired pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infections, and urinary tract infection among diverse hospitals.
Experiencias y dinámicas de (des)vinculación escolar en contextos de inmigración: una perspectiva socioantropológica
Authors: Ballestín González Beatriz
Published: April 2024

Este artículo se centra en las aportaciones de la investigación etnográfica sobre las expe­riencias y dinámicas de vinculación/desvinculación escolar de la infancia en contextos de especial visibilidad en términos de diversidad étnico–cultural y desigualdad social, como son los configurados por los flujos migratorios. Sostiene la necesidad de incorporar, de forma rigurosa, una perspectiva socioantropológica del concepto que complemente y en­riquezca, tanto teóricamente como metodológicamente, el enfoque tradicional desde el cual ha sido analizado y «medido» en las propuestas de corte psicologista o psicopedagó­gico. Para ello, se realiza una revisión de literatura en la materia, relevante a nivel inter­nacional, incluyendo algunos resultados de investigación propios. Se analiza la influencia clave, tanto de los estilos de enseñanza y prácticas organizativas (sobre todo en relación a la atención a la diversidad cultural), como de las dinámicas relacionales presentes en los centros escolares.
Las condiciones de éxito con adolescentes afectados por el fracaso escolar
Authors: Arranz Núñez Belén , Barros Díez Antía , González Avión Santiago , Pajero Alonso Ana Isabel
Published: April 2024

A partir de una serie de experiencias, la Asociación Diversidades puso en marcha, en otoño de 2016, un proyecto de Escuela de Segunda Oportunidad, todavía pendiente de consolidarse. En su desarrollo tuvimos ocasión de indagar sobre las causas del abandono escolar prematuro y también sobre las condiciones de éxito en adolescentes afectados por el fracaso que no habían obtenido ninguna titulación académica y que veían la necesidad de tener una formación mínima para acceder al mercado de trabajo. La iniciativa ofrece la ocasión de desarrollar un «Proyecto de Vida» que les permite introducirse en las diferentes esferas de la sociedad de forma satisfactoria y a la vez les proporciona la posibilidad de acceder a nuevas oportunidades sociales. Los resultados obtenidos, hasta el momento, son suficientemente significativos como para afirmar que los participantes han sido capaces de realizar algún cambio importante en sus vidas.
Aproximaciones a una pedagogía comunitaria e intercultural en la era de las diferencias
Authors: Rozas Ossandón Germán
Published: April 2024

Lo comunitario se corresponde con un espacio de la población en el que existe un estilo de vida con experiencias del pasado y una fuerte convivencia especialmente rescatable. Sin embargo, la perdurabilidad de ese estado satisfactorio depende de que cuente con las herramientas que le pueda entregar la educación. Pero la misma, la mayoría de las veces, se encuentra en manos de las orientaciones del Estado, de modo que se privilegia una relación de beneficio para éste y no para la comunidad. El artículo plantea la posibilidad de seguir un camino inverso poniendo acento en una pedagogía que trabaje para la comunidad. En esa perspectiva se asume el diagnóstico que las sociedades monoculturales, centradas en la república y la modernidad, están en retirada y que, por lo tanto, nos encontramos en la era de las diferencias. Es así como la pedagogía debe aprender a trabajar con diversos colectivos, muchos de ellos en pugna, pero de aquí se desprende el énfasis en desarrollar una pedagogía intercultural y comunitaria.
Surrealismo curricular en tiempos de patrones neoliberales
Authors: Andrade–Molina Melissa , Popkewitz homas S.
Published: April 2024

Este artículo está inspirado en el filme Hombre duplicado, del director Denis Villeneuve, basado en el libro homónimo de José Saramago. En éste se nos presenta a Adam, un profesor con una vida bastante rutinaria hasta que, en una película, reconoce a un actor que es idéntico a él (Anthony). De esta manera, el personaje se obsesiona con la posibilidad de experimentar una existencia diferente a la que llevaba. Consecuentemente con ello, la narrativa de este texto, se desenvuelve como una historización del presente para el estudio del currículum chileno enmarcado en el sistema de razón neoliberal. La historia apunta a moverse, atemporalmente, hacia la problematización de lo no–humano en la configuración y reconfiguración de modos de vida. Las ideas neoliberales se toman como un patrón que se repite a lo largo de las progresiones. El currículum es abordado desde el surrealismo, en el sentido de una visión esquizofrénica y distópica, en torno a sus reestructuraciones basadas en un futuro utópico aspiracional y descontextualizado.
Para una hermenéutica del currículum centrada en necesidades prescritas, emergentes e históricas
Authors: López López Leticia , Silva María Consuelo , Villanueva Gutiérrez Oscar
Published: April 2024

El presente artículo profundiza acerca del significado y el sentido que adquiere la configuración del currículum prescrito en tiempos postmodernos y globalizados. A partir del concepto de acontecimiento en Husserl se realiza una indagación fenomenológica y hermenéutica que conduce al reconocimiento de los registros actuales del significante «necesidad» en la multiplicidad de representaciones, reformas, políticas, declaraciones y recomendaciones educativas actuales; con el propósito de plantear una posible reestructuración de ese significante en el currículum presente en el acontecimiento educativo en la escuela. Se busca, de esta manera, distinguir las condiciones de significación en las que está involucrado y expuesto el profesorado respecto a un currículum centrado en necesidades prescri- tas, emergentes e históricas, de acuerdo a los planteamientos educativos de Durkheim. Las conclusiones tienden a señalar a la integración, como concepto suficiente, para indicar la inconmensurable tarea que tiene, en la actualidad, la educación; además de evidenciar que la necesidad de saber del profesorado y el currículum prescrito carecen de sintonía.
Múltiples y necesarias relaciones entre las didácticas: una aproximación desde el paradigma de la complejidad
Authors: Baraldi Victoria
Published: April 2024

En este artículo se busca ratificar la necesaria vinculación y complementariedad existente entre la Didáctica General y las didácticas específicas. Para respaldar este argumento se ha optado por emplear diversos planos de análisis. Primeramente, nos remitimos a la Didáctica Magna de Juan Amos Comenio, un texto clásico en el que se aborda la especificidad de los objetos y los ámbitos de enseñanza, en el marco de un proyecto pedagógico general. En segundo lugar, retomamos evidencias de complementariedad a través de algunas líneas de investigación y de los modos en que, históricamente, la didáctica ha construido su propio conocimiento. En tercer término, describimos una experiencia de enseñanza cuyo criterio de organización principal fue el principio de complementariedad entre distintas didácticas. Para finalizar, hacemos uso de un conjunto de afirmaciones planteadas desde la perspectiva del pensamiento complejo, en tanto estimamos que este paradigma en construcción, aporta elementos ineludibles para comprender la diversidad de las prácticas de enseñanza.
Lo jurídico y lo ético en el campo de la educación: la enunciación de la diversidad y las relaciones de alteridad
Authors: Skliar Carlos , Pérez Andrea
Published: April 2024

El trabajo reflexiona en torno de la ética, el lenguaje jurídico y lo común en contextos educativos, a partir de un análisis acerca de los usos que se hace del concepto diversidad en el marco legal vigente en las últimas décadas en la República Argentina. Las inquietudes pretenden problematizar la supremacía que, en muchas ocasiones, asume la lógica técnico-normativa por sobre la dimensión ética, contingente y singular de la experiencia humana, contribuyendo a una profundización del debate acerca de la alteridad, de lo propio y de «lo otro» en contextos educativos.
The Concerns of Nation-State Sovereignty and International Commercial Law: A Path to Harmonisation
Authors: Vang-Phu Tran , Anh Son Duong
Published: April 2024

The current body of literature on international business and commercial laws demonstrates the inherent conflict between the legal system and the sovereignty of nation-states. The phenomenon of globalization has amplified the influence of non-state actors, regional organizations, and free trade agreements, resulting in a significant demand for international arbitration. The incorporation of international commercial laws into the current standard is increasingly prevalent, as nation-states discover the benefits of adhering to such laws. Conversely, the concept of national sovereignty, which exerted significant influence in recent years, appears to be facing substantial challenges due to the emerging trends in an increasingly interconnected globalized world. Nevertheless, the nation-state and its sovereignty maintain a significant impact on the dynamics of power and trade between different nation-states. This study undertakes an examination of the substantial discord between principles of international commercial law and the sovereignty attributed to nation-states, with specific attention directed towards the prospects of achieving harmonization. Moreover, it delves into the intricacies and challenges inherent in the pursuit of harmonization within this specific domain.
Digital technologies and reported language practices in Russophone families in Estonia, Germany, and Sweden
Authors: Ringblom Natalia , Ritter Anna , Zabrodskaja Anastassia
Published: April 2024

Forty-five Russophone families in Estonia, Germany and Sweden answered semi-structured questionnaires about their sociolinguistic characteristics and participated in in-depth interviews regarding language use, language transmission and maintenance, and attitudes to all these processes. This comparative analysis of the family context helps to explain the variation in the development of linguistic identities and language-use strategies. We identified clear similarities and differences between these families, especially regarding reported digital language practices among immigrant families. The data analysis showed that the use of digital technologies has an impact on the reported language practices among the families but not necessarily on the use of Russian as a heritage language. Most families highlighted the intensification of internet-based communication with extended family members and the supportive effect of digital technologies on intergenerational heritage language transmission, since younger family members gained more access to Russian via the internet. But the role of digital technologies alone is limited when it comes to intergenerational heritage language transmission and other factors, such as the efforts of parents and the agency of children, seem to be more important. Still, the joint use of digital technologies has a positive effect, especially in those families where the children are actively involved in digital communication.
Family Language Policy in the minority and migration contexts of Cyprus
Authors: Karpava Sviatlana
Published: April 2024

This article investigates the Family Language Policy (FLP) of minority and immigrant families in Cyprus. The participants in our study were 30 immigrant and minority families in Cyprus with various first language (L1) backgrounds, namely, Russian, Georgian, Ukrainian, Bulgarian, Romanian, English, and Arabic and minority speakers of Armenian, Lebanese, and Pontic Greek. The data were collected via written questionnaires and oral, in-depth, semi-structured interviews with a focus on the FLP, cultural and linguistic identities, heritage language (HL) (incomplete) acquisition, attrition, use maintenance and transmission, linguistic interaction patterns and the material culture at home. The analysis of the data revealed that minority and immigrant speakers in Cyprus had hybrid language and cultural identities, different perceptions regarding citizenship, inclusion, and belonging, as well as the attrition, use, maintenance, and transmission of the HL, which reflected their FLPs, agency, practices, and negotiations. They attempted to assimilate into the target society but also had strong links to the community of residence, to their L1 country, and to their heritage or home language. The participants also employed hybrid language practices, as they used mixed/multiple languages both in the home and outside it. Overall, they had a positive attitude towards multilingualism in Cyprus.
Blurring the binaries of home/school in Family Language Policy
Authors: Maseko Busani
Published: April 2024

The persistence of the COVID-19-induced lockdowns resulted in increased parent-child encounters as parents worked from home while children learnt through remote platforms. This blurred the binaries of home/school as parents assumed the role of teachers by participating in children’s schooling more formally. By focusing on the role of parents as teachers in heritage language tasks, this study discusses family language ideologies and how they are infused into the teaching and learning of Ndebele, a historically minoritised and marginalised language in Zimbabwe. Data is drawn from a linguistic ethnography of a Ndebele heritage language family residing in the city of Bulawayo. Data consists of audio-recorded Ndebele language lessons and parental interviews. By drawing on the concepts of Family Language Policy and Bourdieu’s notion of ‘legitimate language’, the study exposes how children’s heritage language tasks became important aspects of family’s language transactions, contestations and negotiations. Parents build on their temporary teacher authority to assert their agency in reinforcing a Ndebele identity by endeavouring to teach Ndebele to their children through a ‘Ndebele lens’. Children’s stances towards parents’ monolingual practices and ideologies reveal their resistant agency. Their appeals for explanations and translations of some Ndebele words and expressions into English reproduce school language practices and ideologies that project English as the legitimate language. Parents’ insistence on monolingual practices and children’s language negotiations also reproduces the tensions that exist between English and indigenous languages at school and in the community at large. The study concludes that despite these tensions, these heritage language tasks present opportunities for productive language concordant parent-child encounters that reinforce children’s linguistic identities.
Family Language Policy in the Polish Diaspora: A Focus on Australia, Piotr Romanowski (2021)
Authors: Baily Angie
Published: April 2024

Family Language Policy in the Polish Diaspora: A Focus on AustraliaPiotr Romanowski (2021)New York: Routledge, Taylor and Francis. Pp. 246ISBN: 9780367706449 (hbk)ISBN: 9780367706487 (pbk)ISBN: 9781003147343 (eBook)
From gamer niche to mainstream media: Twitch’s most popular media figures and content
Authors: Castro-Agirre Itziar , Martínez-Fernández Gemma
Published: April 2024

This article presents the main features of the Spanish streamers with the most followers on Twitch, as well as their content. The aim of the research is to identify the streamers who hold the most appeal for young people on one of the social networks that has experienced the highest growth in recent years. To this end, based on the selection of the main profiles in terms of number of followers, along with other indicators that help to categorise the content, a portion of the platform’s most influential offering has been analysed. The results show that young people have created a personal space on this platform with features that belong exclusively to their age group, which are part of their youth culture. The streamers act as figureheads by offering spontaneous content to which young people can relate, and the interaction enriches the experience and reinforces a sense of community. Moreover, the latter aspect is essential to the success of the platform, as it occurs at a crucial moment when identity and relationships with peers take on special importance. Our analysis reveals a gender bias consistent with other international research. This is evidenced by the scarce presence of women as content creators, which is an unbalanced distribution that occurs on a national and global scale.
Sustancia, razón, libertad y pasión en Descartes: lecturas desde la modernidad temprana a la postmodernidad
Authors: Lázaro-Cantero Raquel , Llinàs-Begon Joan-Lluís , Sanfélix-Vidarte Vicente
Published: April 2024

Los artículos de este segundo número monográfico dedicado a Descartes son un fruto más del proyecto de investigación -financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, [Referencia PID2021-126133NB-I00]- que lleva por título: Éticas y metafísica de los afectos. Las génesis modernas del presente actual (EMAP). Se ofrecen a continuación relecturas cartesianas que ponen el acento en la revisión de ciertos tópicos atribuidos al pensamiento del padre de la modernidad, más mencionado que leído y estudiado.
Descartes en el último Foucault. A propósito del supuesto abandono de la filosofía como forma de vida
Authors: Barroso-Fernández Óscar
Published: April 2024

En este trabajo se analiza la tesis foucaultiana de la reducción de la filosofía a forma de conocimiento en Descartes y el consecuente abandono de la espiritualidad clásica, es decir, de la filosofía concebida como forma de vida basada en el cuidado de sí. A partir de aquí, además de observar que el propio Foucault matizará esta tesis, se demostrará que en Descartes la filosofía sigue esencialmente unida a la espiritualidad.
Descartes and the ownership of the world
Authors: Kambouchner Dennis
Published: April 2024

This article aims to contribute to counteracting the negative perception of Descartes’ philosophical legacy. The article addresses a specific aspect of the supposed human dominance over nature, that of the animal question. Against the accusation of “speciesism,” a hierarchy that considers humans superior and justifies their domination and cruelty towards animals, it is argued that Descartes did not regard animals as completely insensible, that his position was not as categorical as often presented, and that he can be interpreted not as a speciesist but as an environmental advocate.
El sabio según Descartes: del fortalecimiento del yo y del lugar del otro
Authors: Lázaro-Cantero Raquel
Published: April 2024

Descartes consolida el paso de la ciencia de la verdad a la ciencia del hombre. En esta prima un cura sui, que acabará fortaleciendo al sujeto interiormente y desenfocando al otro. Todo hombre podría ser sabio; si bien, no desde la experiencia de la conciencia como ejercicio metódico y teórico del alma; pero sí como forma de vida que educa el fortalecimiento de la voluntad. La generosidad será la forma de la virtud, y si bien esta incluye las formas del amor, el cogito cartesiano no logra salir de la auto-referencialidad.
Un secreto gozo: Descartes y la filosofía como forma de vida
Authors: Raga-Rosaleny Vicente
Published: April 2024

Es tópica la interpretación de un Descartes desinteresado en temas morales. Así lo lee Foucault, para quien la Modernidad supuso la separación entre el nuevo tema central del conocimiento y el, ahora secundario, de la praxis. En este artículo defiendo que la obra de Descartes puede entenderse como una versión moderna del filosófico arte de vivir, en donde conocerse y cuidar de uno mismo siguen unidos por un eje central, el de la libre voluntad.
Habilidades Aritméticas nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental e sua Relação com Senso Numérico, Memória Operacional e Dificuldade de Leitura
Authors: Fernandes Katarina Duarte , Carthery-Goulart Maria Teresa , Leite Naimi Moreira Nobre , Lima Juliane Kristine de , Olalla Camilo Ernesto Subenko , Lukasova Katerina
Published: April 2024

Resumo Na escola, a alfabetização matemática, iniciada pelo desenvolvimento de habilidades aritméticas nas quatro operações, ao lado da leitura e escrita, constitui um papel de fundamental importância no desenvolvimento cognitivo da criança e na sua inserção na sociedade. A literatura da área aponta a memória operacional fonológica e visuoespacial, além do senso numérico e habilidades linguísticas como sendo alguns dos aspectos cognitivos que mediam o desempenho aritmético. O presente estudo teve como objetivos: (1) caracterizar o desempenho na resolução de operações aritméticas e investigar se esse desempenho é diferente entre crianças com e sem dificuldade de leitura; (2) investigar se o modo de registro da resolução (escrito ou mental) se associa com os acertos nas operações aritméticas; e (3) verificar a associação desse desempenho aritmético com testes que avaliam senso numérico e memória operacional fonológica e visuoespacial. Os participantes foram 131 alunos dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental com e sem dificuldades de leitura. Os resultados indicam que as crianças da amostra possuem defasagem no desempenho aritmético comparando com o esperado pelo currículo das respectivas séries escolares. O estudo mostrou também que tanto o desempenho em aritmética quanto o senso numérico e memória operacional foram menores no grupo com dificuldade em leitura. O uso dos diferentes modos de registro das resoluções identificados teve relação com os acertos em aritmética apenas para a adição de 2 dígitos. Encontrou-se também uma associação entre as funções cognitivas avaliadas e o desempenho aritmético, essa associação variou conforme os diferentes anos escolares.