bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nisin activity against methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus and risk of resistance acquisition
Authors: Silva César Matos Ribeiro da , Albuquerque Waleska da Silva , Oliveira Jucyara Natállia Araujo de , Carneiro Maria Regina Pires , Jain Sona , Dolabella Silvio Santana , Barbosa Ana Andréa Teixeira
Published: June 2021

The objective of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial effect of nisin against MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) and MSSA (Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus), and at the same time examine the possibility of the bacteria to develope nisin resistance. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the strains was tested using the agar diffusion and/or microdilution methods. To select nisin-resistant strains, bacteria were grown consecutively at sublethal concentrations of the bacteriocin. Nisin showed bactericidal activity against most of the tested strains. MRSA required higher doses of bacteriocin compared to MSSA both for inhibition and cell death. However, transfers in the presence of nisin could completely eliminate nisin activity with an increase in minimal inhibitory concentration value of up to 250 times. Nisin-resistance could be maintained in MRSA and MSSA even in the absence of the bacteriocin. Nisin resistance affected antibiotic susceptibility of both MRSA and MSSA to mainly Cefoxitin, Oxacillin, and Erythromycin. These results indicate that nisin-resistance is a complex trait among MSSA and MRSA and must be elucidated before the therapeutic recommendation of nisin to treat infections caused by these bacterial species.
Espécies medicinais do Brasil com potencial anti-inflamatório ou antioxidante: Uma revisão
Authors: Pereira Joedna Cavalcante , Martins Analina Beserra , Rocha Melissa Carvalho Franca , Cavalcante Júnior Salomão Mascarenhas , Feitosa Chistiane Mendes
Published: June 2021

As plantas medicinais são utilizadas pela população desde tempos imemoriais, representando uma fonte notável para o tratamento de diversas doenças humanas, que podem ter seu risco reduzido pela ingestão de produtos à base destas plantas, benefícios que são atribuídos a alguns metabólitos secundários que apresentam uma diversidade de atividades, dentre elas destacam-se a antiinflamatória e/ou antioxidante. O objetivo desse trabalho é realizar um levantamento bibliográfico buscando as espécies mais utilizadas de plantas medicinais do Brasil com potencial anti-inflamatório e antioxidante da última década. Foram utilizadas publicações indexadas nas bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct e Scielo nos últimos 10 anos, utilizando os seguintes descritores: “Brazilian medicinal plants”, “anti-inflammatory activity” e “antioxidant activity” Utilizando o marcador booleano “AND” assegurando a especificidade nas buscas. Foram identificados 1.185 artigos, onde 1.140 foram eliminados por não atenderem aos critérios de inclusão ou exclusão. O total de 45 artigos foram incluídos, categorizados de acordo com a utilização para atividade anti-inflamatória e atividade antioxidante. Dentre os compostos ativos com atividades anti-inflamatórias tem-se alguns compostos polifenólicos, além de alcalóide, terpenóide e esteróides. Estes metabólitos secundários atuam em diferentes alvos envolvidos no processo inflamatório. Os estudos têm demonstrado que os compostos polifenólicos, principalmente os flavonoides, apresentam propriedades antioxidantes que podem ser utilizados para fins terapêuticos em doenças como crônico-degenerativas. Esses resultados sugerem as perspectivas de estudos futuros para se obter uma melhor compreensão dos componentes individuais e o uso desses compostos como um possível agente terapêutico para patologias como a inflamação e aumento de radicais livres.
Perfil sociodemográfico e clínico do paciente com doença crônica atendido em um serviço de emergência
Authors: Ferro Denise , Fabriz Luciana Aparecida , Schönholzer Tatiele Estefâni , Viola Carolina Grigolato , Valente Silvia Helena , Zacharias Fabiana Costa Machado , Pinto Ione Carvalho
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Identificar as características sociodemográficas e clínicas de usuários com Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT) atendidos em um serviço de emergência hospitalar. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal quantitativa, realizada no prontuário eletrônico de 364 pacientes diagnosticados em pelo menos um dos quatro principais grupos de DCNT, conforme a Classificação Internacional de Doenças (CID-10), em um serviço de emergência de um hospital público de alta complexidade localizado no noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva para análise dos dados. Resultados: Houve predominância de pacientes do sexo masculino (53,3%), casados (56,0%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (49,2%) com idade média de 62,7 anos. O diagnóstico com maior predominância (77,7%) foram as Doenças Cardiovasculares (DCV).  As comorbidades associadas com maior frequência entre os participantes do estudo foram Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS) (31,9%), seguido de tabagismo (22,3%), dislipidemia (19,2%) e etilismo (16,5%). Dos participantes do estudo, 80,4% possuíam complicações relacionadas ao seu diagnóstico principal, sendo a principal complicação Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) prévio (18,4%). O medicamento mais utilizado para tratamento entre os participantes foi a classe de anti-hipertensivos. Além disso, encontraram-se extensivos erros nos registros dos prontuários clínicos dos usuários, acarretando em subnotificações. Conclusão: Conhecer o perfil dos usuários que frequentam serviço de emergência hospitalar torna-se fundamental considerando que se trata, muitas vezes, da agudização de DCNT, as quais poderiam ser minimizadas caso houvesse um acompanhamento mais eficaz do usuário na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), reduzindo internações não planejadas, bem como gastos e superlotação dos serviços de emergência.
Metodologias Ativas na Educação Bilíngue e Bicultural no curso de Letras Libras da Universidade Federal do Ceará: Percepção dos alunos
Authors: Nascimento Antonio Daley Marques do , Marques Cauê Jucá Ferreira , Munguba Marilene Calderaro
Published: June 2021

O presente estudo adotou como objetivo descrever a percepção de alunos do curso de licenciatura em Letras Libras da Universidade Federal do Ceará quanto ao uso de metodologias ativas na mediação da educação bilíngue e bicultural. Trata-se de um estudo Survey, descritivo qualitativo, realizado no período de 10 a 30 de setembro de 2020, com 24 alunos. Como critério de inclusão adotou-se a condição de haver vivenciado presencialmente as metodologias ativas na mediação da aprendizagem, no período de 2018.1 a 2019.2, em pelo menos uma das cinco disciplinas definidas. A amostragem de 24 respondentes foi intencional, no universo de 64 alunos que se distribuiu em 6 (25%) Surdos e 18 (75%) ouvintes. Aplicou-se um questionário misto digital por meio da plataforma Google Forms, contendo 10 perguntas fechadas e 2 abertas, todas em Língua Portuguesa e em Libras, para cada uma das sete técnicas de Metodologias Ativas. Os resultados apontam para a efetividade das técnicas no processo de ensino e aprendizado de turmas bilíngues, sobretudo na consolidação da autonomia discente e desenvolvimento da criticidade. Sugere-se pesquisas que avaliem, de mesmo modo, a percepção dos discentes quanto ao uso das Metodologias Ativas como estratégias de avaliação da aprendizagem.
Estratégias e desafios em manter a saúde mental dos profissionais de enfermagem no contexto da pandemia Covid-19
Authors: Leite Airton César , Gomes Bárbara Pereira , Silva Mariana Pereira Barbosa , Alves Rayssa Stéfani Sousa , Silva Marciele de Lima , Almeida Danielle Sousa , Avelino Juliana Torres , Barbosa Flávia Nunes , Santos Tagila Andreia Viana dos , Rodrigues Maria da Conceição , Morais Andressa Oliveira das Chagas , Pinheiro Andréia Santos de Carvalho , Santos Vitória Beserra dos , Vieira Carmem Valéria Silva , Maniçoba Aryanna Quadros , Santos Jéssica Lara Cipriano , Sousa Bianca Barroso de , Mendes Annarelly Morais , Santos Marilia Alves do Nascimento , Sousa Neta Raimunda da Silva , Farias Shandallyane Ludce Pinheiro de , Prudêncio Laiana Dias
Published: June 2021

Analisar as evidências científicas publicadas sobre as estratégias e desafios em manter a saúde mental dos profissionais de enfermagem no contexto da pandemia Covid-19. O presente estudo trata de uma revisão bibliográfica do método revisão integrativa da literatura, realizado nos meses entre janeiro a maio de 2021. A busca efetuou-se, através da Plataforma da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde - BVS, utilizando as bases de dados (LILACS), (BDENF), por meio da   (SCIELO). Aderindo-se através dos descritores/palavras chaves: “Enfermagem”, “Saúde Mental”, “Covid-19”, combinados com o operador booleano “AND”. O profissional fica exposto e pode levar à ocorrência de desgastes psicológicos, estresse elevado, ansiedade, depressão. Essas comorbidades, quando se fazem presentes, podem impactar negativamente na satisfação com o trabalho, resultando em prejuízos na assistência, qualidade do cuidado e segurança do paciente. É comum atualmente identificar sintomas de ansiedade e depressão e o grande impacto que essas manifestações causam sobre o bem-estar e as atividades diárias dos trabalhadores da saúde. Na enfermagem, percebe-se um grande índice dessas manifestações psíquicas entre os profissionais. Destaca-se que todos esses fatores estressores relacionados à atuação da enfermagem tendem a se exacerbarem diante de um cenário de calamidade como o qual têm se instalado nos últimos tempos, pois o mundo atualmente está passando por um período de turbulência decorrente da pandemia ocasionada pelo novo coronavírus. Diante desse contexto, faz – se necessário que sejam implementadas intervenções de suporte psicológico para esse grupo, tendo em vista que os profissionais de saúde correm um risco significativamente elevado e apresentam psicopatologias como: ansiedade, depressão, estresse, insônia, medo, TEPT, síndrome de Burnout.
Necessidade de rede de apoio para usuários com nefrostomia: Relato de experiência
Authors: Pagliarini Ana Maria , Paczek Rosaura Soares , Casarin Rafaela Garbini , Tanaka Ana Karina Silva da Rocha , Matzenbacher Lisiane Paula Sordi , Espírito Santo Débora Machado Nascimento do , Galvan Carina , Pereira Nathalia Lima
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de acadêmicas de enfermagem e enfermeiras no atendimento a usuários com    nefrostomia. Metodologia: estudo tipo relato de experiência realizado em 2021 num centro de referência para atendimento a usuários com estomias numa cidade do sul do Brasil, sendo selecionados dados sobre usuários com nefrostomia, analisando qual o motivo da procura por atendimento com a enfermeira estomaterapeuta, durante a consulta de enfermagem. Resultados: foram observadas dificuldades na realização do autocuidado associados a troca do sistema coletor, pois a localização da estomia não favorece a fixação adequada da bolsa frente a tentativa do próprio usuário realizar a troca do equipamento coletor, dependendo sempre de uma outra pessoa para realizar essa troca.  Os usuários do serviço relatam que mesmo com auxílio de espelhos, a manobra a ser utilizada impossibilita o posicionamento adequado do equipamento coletor, favorecendo vazamentos e diminuindo o tempo útil das bolsas coletoras. Considerações finais: o profissional enfermeiro deve avaliar a pessoa com nefrostomia, as condições do estoma e da pele periestomal, prescrevendo o equipamento coletor e adjuvantes mais adequados para cada caso, a posição da bolsa coletora deve proporcionar o esvaziamento da mesma pelo próprio usuário, sendo necessário realizar treinamento de familiar para auxiliar nas trocas.
Estudo exploratório das dimensões dos riscos em empreendimentos da construção civil
Authors: Freitas Andrey Pimentel Aleluia , Santos João Alberto Neves dos , Oliveira Eliã Pereira de , Fernandes Danilo Rangel , Oliveira Nylvandir Liberato Fernandes de
Published: June 2021

Este artigo objetiva aprofundar a análise sobre os elementos de risco presentes em empreendimentos da construção civil, identificando, detalhando, avaliando e classificando os eventos mais relevantes presentes nesse ambiente complexo e dinâmico. A questão central destacada no estudo considera a presença de elementos de risco e seus relativos impactos em projetos de construção, sobretudo nos aspectos relacionados ao atendimento de cronogramas e orçamentos. Para responder ao problema citado, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa exploratória do tipo Survey junto a uma amostragem não probabilística, caracterizada por 105 engenheiros e profissionais que atuam com temas correlatos à gestão de riscos no setor de construção civil brasileira, complementada por uma análise estatística multivariada, sob a estrutura da análise fatorial exploratória. Os resultados apontam para uma distribuição e classificação dos elementos observados, onde são configurados 205 eventos de risco, devidamente classificados por categorias e fatores. Esse detalhamento possibilita auxiliar futuras abordagens que necessitem, por meio do nível de importância, dimensionar e mensurar, de forma mais detalhada, potenciais aspectos de risco presentes em projetos destinados a empreendimentos construtivos.
Regulatory role of nitric oxide on the cardiac Na,K-ATPase in hypertension
Authors: Vlkovičová J , Javorková V , Mézešová L , Pecháňová O , Vrbjar N
Published: June 2021

The present study was focused on regulatory role of nitric oxide on functional properties of the cardiac Na, K-ATPase in three various animal models of hypertension: spontaneously hypertensive male rats (SHR) with increased activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) by 60 % (Sh1), SHR with decreased activity of NOS by 40 % (Sh2) and rats with hypertension induced by L-NAME (40 mg/kg/day) with depressed activity of NOS by 72 % (LN). Studying the utilization of energy substrate we observed higher Na, K-ATPase activity in the whole concentration range of ATP in Sh1 and decreased activity in Sh2 and LN. Evaluation of kinetic parameters revealed an increase of Vmax value by 37 % in Sh1 and decrease by 30 % in Sh2 and 17 % in LN. The KM value remained unchanged in Sh2 and LN, but was lower by 38 % in Sh1 indicating increased affinity of the ATP binding site, as compared to controls. During the activation with Na+ we observed increased Vmax by 64 % and increased KNa by 106 % in Sh1. In Sh2 we found decreased Vmax by 40 % and increased KNa by 38 %. In LN, the enzyme showed unchanged Vmax with increased KNa by 50 %. The above data indicate a positive role of increased activity of NOS in improved utilization of ATP as well as enhanced binding of Na+ by the cardiac Na, K-ATPase.
Aged male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats benefit from n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation
Authors: Mitašíková M , Šmidová S , Macsaliová A , Knezl V , Dlugošová K , Okruhlicová Ľ , Weismann P , Tribulová N
Published: June 2021

Hypertension-induced myocardial metabolic, structural and electrophysiological remodeling deteriorates with aging and contributes to both heart failure and occurrence of malignant arrhythmias. It has been shown in clinical trials that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) reduce the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and sudden cardiac death. We investigated the cardioprotective effects of n-3 PUFA in aged spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and possible cellular mechanisms involved. Male and female 14-moth-old SHR were fed with n-3 PUFA (Vesteralens, Norway, 20 mg/day for two months) and compared with untreated SHR. Results showed that n-3 PUFA supplementation led to 1) significant decline of blood pressure; 2) suppression of inducible ventricular fibrillation (VF) by 57 % (male) and 67 % (female), although the arrhythmogenic substrates, like fibrosis, hypertrophy and abnormal gap junctions distribution were not eliminated; 3) preservation of the cardiomyocytes and the integrity of their junctions; 4) enhancement of energetic metabolism enzyme activity; 5) augmentation of capillary density associated with increased alkaline phosphatase and decreased dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) activity and 6/ increase in gap junction channel connexin-43 expression. Thus, aged male as well as female SHR benefit from n-3 PUFA supplementation that results in decrease in VF susceptibility, partly due to an improvement of myocardial metabolic state, cardiomyocyte and cell-to-cell junctions integrity and Cx43 up-regulation.
Seasonal variations in properties of healthy and diabetic rat heart mitochondria: Mg2+-ATPase activity, content of conjugated dienes and membrane fluidity
Authors: Mujkošová J , Ferko M , Humeník P , Waczulíková I , Ziegelhoffer A
Published: June 2021

Our previous preliminary results pointed to possible seasonal variations in Mg2+-ATPase activity of rat heart mitochondria (MIT). It is not too surprising since seasonal differences were already reported in myocardial function, metabolism and ultrastructure of the intact as well as hemodynamically overloaded rabbit hearts and also in other tissues. The present study is aimed to elucidate whether seasonal differences observed in rat heart MIT Mg2+-ATPase activity will be accompanied with changes in membrane fluidity and in the content of conjugated dienes (CD) in the lipid bilayers of MIT membranes as well as whether the above seasonal differences will also be present in the diabetic heart. Our results revealed that values of Mg2+-ATPase activity in the winter/spring-period (W/S-P) exceeded significantly (p<0.05-0.001) those in the summer/autumn-period (S/A-P). Similar trend was also observed in hearts of animals with acute (8 days) streptozotocin diabetes. With the exception of values of CD in the S/A-P, all values of Mg2+-ATPase activities, membrane fluidity and CD concentrations in diabetic hearts exceeded those observed in the healthy hearts. Our results indicate that seasonal differences may play a decisive role in the evaluation of properties and function of rat heart MIT.
The effect of chronic doxorubicin treatment on mitogen-activated protein kinases and heat stress proteins in rat hearts
Authors: Šimončíková P , Ravingerová T , Barančík M
Published: June 2021

The study has been designed to characterize protein systems involved in the responses of rat hearts to chronic doxorubicin (DOX) treatment. We investigated the influence of DOX on cardiac function, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and heat stress proteins (HSPs). Doxorubicin was administered to rats by intraperitoneal injections over a period of 6 weeks. In control and DOX-treated hearts exposed to 20 min global ischemia and 40 min reperfusion the recovery of contractile function after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) was determined. The levels and phosphorylation state of proteins in tissue samples were analyzed using specific antibodies. We found an activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) in rat hearts exposed to DOX treatment and better recovery of contractile function after I/R. Analysis of HSPs showed that DOX induced up-regulation of the levels of HSP60 and down-regulation of HSP70 levels. The levels and/or specific phosphorylation of other studied proteins (p38-MAPK, HSP27, HSP90) were not influenced by DOX. The results point to the possible role of ERKs and some HSPs in mechanisms underlying the response of rat hearts to chronic DOX treatment.
Küreselci Reformların Sonrası
Authors: AYMAN GÜLER Birgül
Published: June 2021

Küreselci yönetsel reformlar dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de 1980-1995 yılları arasında ‘yapısal uyarlama reformları’, 1995-2010 yılları arasında ‘düzenleyici reformlar’ adı altında yürütülmüştür. Bu reform süreci 2008 yılından itibaren çökmüştür. Türkiye’de küreselci reformların özelleştirme politikasında amacına eriştiği, ancak egemen devlet olgusu üzerinde herhangi bir etki yaratamadığı görülmüştür. 2010 yılından bugüne bazı kuralların uygulamasına son verilmiş, başlıca kurumların ise işlevleri değiştirilmiştir. Bununla birlikte egemen devlet anlayışına uygun kapsamlı yeni reformlara gidilmemiştir. Bu nedenle kamu yönetimi yapısında ve zihniyetinde birbiriyle çelişkili ve çatışmalı durumlar yaygındır. Küreselci reform tortularının temizlenmesi ve kamu yönetiminin küreselcilik sonrası dünyanın yeni koşulları da göz önünde bulundurularak derlenip toplanması gerekir.
Effect of Applying Case Method to Anti-Corruption Education on Learning Motivation and Learning Effectiveness
Authors: HUANG Cheng-Hsun , HSIAO Luke H.C. , KO Shin-Lin
Published: June 2021

Corruption does not simply occur in developing countries, but is often heard in developed countries. Several domestic government officials and enterprise executives involving in corruption in past years reveals that the corruption style is different from public employees with public power changing money with power in the past, and the method of operation is updating to challenge the case handling ability of prosecutors. Corruption prevention refers to developing the functions of deterrence and warning through related procedures and systems. Anti-corruption, on the other hand, induces public awareness of anti-corruption through education and promotion to have people realize the badness of corruption and appeal citizens to collaboratively strike corruption and shape the complete anti-corruption network. With experimental design model to precede the quasi-experimental study, total 202 college students in central and southern Taiwan, as the research subjects, are preceded the 16-week (3 hours per week for total 48 hours) anti-corruption education with case method. The research results show that case method would affect learning motivation, case method would affect learning effectiveness, learning motivation presents significantly positive effects on learning effect in learning effectiveness, and learning motivation reveals remarkably positive effects on positive gain in learning effectiveness. According to the results to propose suggestions, it is expected to deliver certain social value and concept to the public and that the civil society, from bottom-up, could play the role for supervision and accountability, stress on the seriousness and destruction of the negative effect of corruption on the nation and society, and further cultivate the social value to affirm integrity but despise corruption so that people genuinely anticipate integrity.
Effects of Digital Media Integrated Reciprocal Teaching on Students’ Reading Ability and Motivation
Authors: CHU Zhenlong
Published: June 2021

The 21st century is the knowledge economic era decided by brains. Reading is the sole tactic to rapidly accumulate knowledge and effectively absorb others’ research results. The level of reading ability is closely related to individual future learning and employment and even economic development. A competitive nation nowadays would invest large amount of resources and plans in reading. Students could broadly absorb distinct knowledge through reading to make up inadequate teaching hours of teachers, i.e. entering the time, space, and culture in books through reading, without which people could merely live in personal time and space. With experimental design model to precede the quasi-experimental study, total 216 elementary school students in Jiangsu, as the research objects, are preceded the 16-week (3 hours per week for total 48 hours) digital media integrated reciprocal teaching. The research results show that digital media integrated reciprocal teaching would affect reading ability, digital media integrated reciprocal teaching would affect reading motivation, and reading ability reveals significantly positive effects on reading motivation. According to the results, suggestions are proposed, expecting to apply previously mentioned reciprocal teaching principles to readers’ animation design, to cultivate students’ learning strategy through “man”-“machine” interaction, and to enhance reading comprehension.
The 7th international conference “Economic scientific research – theoretical, empirical and practical approaches”, Espera 2020, 26-27th of November 2020
Authors: Mihăilescu Adina
Published: June 2021

The International Conference ESPERA (“Economic Scientific Research – Theoretical, Empirical and Practical Approaches”) is organized by “Costin C. Kirițescu” National Institute for Economic Research in partnership with the National Bank of Romania and the Center for Economic Information and Documentation, yearly since 2013. On the 26th and 27th of November 2020 in Bucharest, the Romanian Academy hosted the 7th edition of the ESPERA international conference, which took place under the title “30 Years of Inspiring Academic Economic Research – From the Transition to Market Economy to the Interlinked Crises of 21 Century”. This year, the Proceedings of the conferences ESPERA are published by EBSCO, in view of the evaluation and inclusion in Conference Proceedings Citation Index by Clarivate, Web of Science.
Which one to trust? Exploratory analysis on astrology, science and religiosity among students in Bucharest
Authors: Obreja Dragoș
Published: June 2021

Confidence in astrology remains a visible phenomenon in contemporary society, and this is a constant topic of academic interest. A survey based on 512 valid questionnaires were obtained from a non-probability sample of university students from Bucharest, in order to observe possible statistical relations between confidence in astrology, confidence in sciences such as medicine and mathematics, but also fields such as astronomy and horoscope. On the other hand, several statements have been used to measure the level of religiosity. Notable is the moderate positive correlation obtained between astrology and astronomy, but also the strong correlation between astrology and horoscope (this last correlation was expected). Broadly speaking, it is observed that astrology correlates positively with the variables that constitute the ‘inward’ component of religiosity, while the ‘outward’ component shows a rather negative correlation, but which does not enjoy a similar statistical significance. Astronomy, like medicine, outlines negative relation with the level of religiosity. Instead, the correlations that involve trust in medicine have a negative and moderate value, in relation to religiosity. In conclusion, it is observed that the trust in “strong sciences” generates more prompt correlations compared to the trust in astrology, while further studies are needed to clarify the reasons for such uncertain correlations between astrology and religiosity.
The Relationship Between Organizational Commitment and Readiness to Change for Employee of PT X
Authors: Prastiti Zaretta Dias
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of organizational commitment and readiness to change. This study is a quantitative research with an explanatory method. The subject for this research conducted to 75 employee of PT X Jatimbalinusra. Data collection using Organizational Commitment Scale developed by Allen and Mayer (1991) and READ 3 Readiness for Change Scale belongs to Hanpacern (1997). Data analysis using IBM SPSS Statistic 22. From the result of this study showed the correlation between the value of organizational commitment and readiness for change is 0,000 which is worth less than the significance level of 0,05. The strenght of the correlation between two variables is strong with a value of 0,856. This indicate that there is a significant correlation between organizational commitment and readiness to change.
Factors Affecting The Selection of Fair Value Methods for Investment Property
Authors: Setijaningsih Herlin Tundjung , Handoyo Sarwo Edy , Sundari Novia
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of leverage, profitability, information asymmetry, and the gain on the fair value difference on the selection of the fair value method for investment property by PSAK 13. The population of this study is all companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2016-2018. The sample selected by purposive sampling amounted to 53 companies. The data processing technique uses the STATA 14.2 program. Logistic regression is used to analyze the hypothesis. Findings. The results of this study indicate that leverage, profitability, and information asymmetry do not affect the selection of the fair value method for an investment property. However, the gain on fair value difference negatively affects the choice of the fair value method for an investment property.
Microbial Cell Factories for Green Production of Vitamins
Authors: Wang Yanyan , Liu Linxia , Jin Zhaoxia , Zhang Dawei
Published: June 2021

Vitamins are a group of essential nutrients that are necessary to maintain normal metabolic activities and optimal health. There are wide applications of different vitamins in food, cosmetics, feed, medicine, and other areas. The increase in the global demand for vitamins has inspired great interest in novel production strategies. Chemical synthesis methods often require high temperatures or pressurized reactors and use non-renewable chemicals or toxic solvents that cause product safety concerns, pollution, and hazardous waste. Microbial cell factories for the production of vitamins are green and sustainable from both environmental and economic standpoints. In this review, we summarized the vitamins which can potentially be produced using microbial cell factories or are already being produced in commercial fermentation processes. They include water-soluble vitamins (vitamin B complex and vitamin C) as well as fat-soluble vitamins (vitamin A/D/E and vitamin K). Furthermore, metabolic engineering is discussed to provide a reference for the construction of microbial cell factories. We also highlight the current state and problems encountered in the fermentative production of vitamins.
Novel Biomaterial for Artery Patch in Swine Model With High-Fat Diet
Authors: Lu Xiao , Han Ling , Guo Xiaomei , Wang Mengjun , Baradarian Sam , Golts Eugene , Kassab Ghassan S.
Published: June 2021

Objective

We evaluated swine and bovine pulmonary visceral pleura (PVP) in artery patch-angioplasty in swine model of high-fat diet.

Background

Arterial patch-angioplasty is frequently used for repair or reconstruction of arteries. An autologous patch is often limited by the number and dimension of donor tissue and can result in donor complications. Furthermore, mechanical mismatch is a cause of poor performance of vascular reconstruction. Here, we introduce a readily available patch biomaterial with similar compliance as native arteries.

Methods

The PVP was peeled from swine and bovine lungs by hydro-dissection. The swine and bovine PVPs were crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and then sterilized. The swine PVP (sPVP) patches were implanted in the carotid and femoral arteries of six Yorkshire pigs that were fed a regular diet and euthanized at 2 and 4 months postoperative. The bovine PVP (bPVP) patches were implanted in the carotid artery of six Yucatan pigs that were fed a high-fat diet and euthanized at 4 months postoperative. Patency was evaluated by ultrasound and angiography. Neo-endothelium and media were evaluated by histologic examination.

Results

All arteries in patch-angioplasties remained patent with no adhesions, inflammation, or aneurysms. Biomarkers of endothelial cells (e.g., Factor VIII and eNOS) were detected in the neo-endothelial cells. We observed endothelial cell–cell junctions in the confluent neo-endothelium in the PVP patches. Neo-media composed of vascular smooth muscle developed similar as native arteries. In the hypercholesterolemic model, we observed the accumulation of cholesterol in both arterial tissues and in the neo-vascular tissues in the PVP patches. Protein expressions of lipid transport and metabolism (e.g., APOE-1, ABCA, and PACK9) were also observed in both arterial and neo-vascular tissues.

Conclusion

The PVP patch-angioplasty overcomes the pitfalls of compliance mismatch of synthetic patches and has a non-thrombogenic surface. The proliferation of vascular cells assembled to generate the neo-endothelium and media in the patch-angioplasties to support long-term patency. The neo-vascular tissue in PVP patch-angioplasty also developed similar cellular functions for lipid transport and metabolism compared with native arteries in hypercholesterolemia.
Role of Apoptosis in Wound Healing and Apoptosis Alterations in Microgravity
Authors: Riwaldt Stefan , Corydon Thomas J. , Pantalone Desiré , Sahana Jayashree , Wise Petra , Wehland Markus , Krüger Marcus , Melnik Daniela , Kopp Sascha , Infanger Manfred , Grimm Daniela
Published: June 2021

Functioning as the outermost self-renewing protective layer of the human organism, skin protects against a multitude of harmful biological and physical stimuli. Consisting of ectodermal, mesenchymal, and neural crest-derived cell lineages, tissue homeostasis, and signal transduction are finely tuned through the interplay of various pathways. A health problem of astronauts in space is skin deterioration. Until today, wound healing has not been considered as a severe health concern for crew members. This can change with deep space exploration missions and commercial spaceflights together with space tourism. Albeit the molecular process of wound healing is not fully elucidated yet, there have been established significant conceptual gains and new scientific methods. Apoptosis, e.g., programmed cell death, enables orchestrated development and cell removal in wounded or infected tissue. Experimental designs utilizing microgravity allow new insights into the role of apoptosis in wound healing. Furthermore, impaired wound healing in unloading conditions would depict a significant challenge in human-crewed exploration space missions. In this review, we provide an overview of alterations in the behavior of cutaneous cell lineages under microgravity in regard to the impact of apoptosis in wound healing. We discuss the current knowledge about wound healing in space and simulated microgravity with respect to apoptosis and available therapeutic strategies.
Navigating the Controversies of Retromer-Mediated Endosomal Protein Sorting
Authors: Tu Yingfeng , Seaman Matthew N. J.
Published: June 2021

The retromer complex was first identified more than 20 years ago through studies conducted in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Data obtained using many different model systems have revealed that retromer is a key component of the endosomal protein sorting machinery being necessary for recognition of membrane “cargo” proteins and formation of tubular carriers that function as transport intermediates. Naturally, over the course of time and with literally hundreds of papers published on retromer, there have arisen disparities, conflicting observations and some controversies as to how retromer functions in endosomal protein sorting – the most note-worthy being associated with the two activities that define a vesicle coat: cargo selection and vesicle/tubule formation. In this review, we will attempt to chart a course through some of the more fundamental controversies to arrive at a clearer understanding of retromer.
High IER5 Gene Expression Is Associated With Poor Prognosis in Glioma Patients
Authors: Wu Zijun , Wang Dan , Zeng Fanxin , Zhang Yanrong , Zhu Guannan , Ma Yiqi , Song Bin , Lui Su , Wu Min
Published: June 2021

Objective

Immediate early response 5 (IER5) plays a core role in cell cycle and response to irradiation. However, its role in glioma remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate its prognostic significance in glioma based on The Cancer Genome Atlas data resource.

Methods

The Kruskal–Wallis test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and logistic regression were employed to explore the relationship between IER5 expression and clinicopathological features. Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses were implemented to investigate the relationship of IER5 with prognosis. A nomogram to estimate the impact of IER5 on prognosis was created based on the Cox multivariate data. We performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to determine the key signaling cascades associated with IER5. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine IER5 expression in a tissue microarray (TMA) of glioma samples.

Results

Immediate early response 5 gene expression was elevated in glioma patients. The level of IER5 was significantly correlated with WHO grade [OR = 6.71 (4.34–10.68) for G4 vs. G2 and G3], IDH (isocitrate dehydrogenase enzyme) status [OR = 13.35 (8.92–20.46) for wild-type (WT) vs. mutated (Mut)], epidermal growth factor receptor status [OR = 8.42 (4.32–18.43) for Mut vs. WT], age [OR = 0.27 (0.18–0.41) for ≤ 60 years vs. >60 years], and histological type [OR = 7.13 (4.63–11.31] for glioblastoma vs. astrocytoma, oligoastrocytoma, and oligodendroglioma). Univariate analyses revealed that high IER5 expression was linked to short overall survival (OS) [hazard ratio (HR): 3.747; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.847–4.933; and P < 0.001]. High IER5 expression was linked to poor OS in multivariate analyses (HR: 2.474; 95% CI: 1.552–3.943; and P < 0.001). TMA results showed that high IER5 protein levels were related to short OS (HR: 1.84; 95% CI: 1.10–3.07; and P = 0.021) and poor disease-specific survival (HR: 1.82; 95% CI: 1.09–3.04; and P = 0.023). GSEA showed that many tumor related pathways were enriched differentially in the IER5-high expression group. The C-index and calibration plots of the nomogram showed an effective estimation performance in glioma patients.

Conclusion

Herein, we established that IER5 plays a critical role in glioma progression and prognosis, which might be an important biomarker for the prognosis of glioma patients.
Cardiac Overexpression of XIN Prevents Dilated Cardiomyopathy Caused by TNNT2 ΔK210 Mutation
Authors: Li Bin , Guo Yifan , Zhan Yongkun , Zhou Xinyan , Li Yongbo , Zhao Chao , Sun Ning , Xu Chen , Liang Qianqian
Published: June 2021

TNNT2 mutation is associated with a range of cardiac diseases, including dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the mechanisms underlying the development of DCM and heart failure remain incompletely understood. In the present study, we found the expression of cardiac XIN protein was reduced in TNNT2-ΔK210 hESCs-derived cardiomyocytes and mouse heart tissues. We further investigated whether XIN protects against TNNT2 mutation-induced DCM. Overexpression of the repeat-containing isoform XINB decreased the percentage of myofilaments disorganization and increased cell contractility of TNNT2-ΔK210 cardiomyocytes. Moreover, overexpression of XINB by heart-specific delivery via AAV9 ameliorates DCM remodeling caused by TNNT2-ΔK210 mutation in mice, revealed by partially reversed cardiac dilation, systolic dysfunction and heart fibrosis. These results suggest that deficiency of XIN may play a critical role in the development of DCM. Consequently, our findings may provide a new mechanistic insight and represent a therapeutic target for the treatment of idiopathic DCM.
Genomic Analysis of Delftia tsuruhatensis Strain TR1180 Isolated From A Patient From China With In4-Like Integron-Associated Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Cheng Cong , Zhou Wangxiao , Dong Xu , Zhang Peiyao , Zhou Kexin , Zhou Danying , Qian Changrui , Lin Xi , Li Peizhen , Li Kewei , Bao Qiyu , Xu Teng , Lu Junwan , Ying Jun
Published: June 2021

Delftia tsuruhatensis has become an emerging pathogen in humans. There is scant information on the genomic characteristics of this microorganism. In this study, we determined the complete genome sequence of a clinical D. tsuruhatensis strain, TR1180, isolated from a sputum specimen of a female patient in China in 2019. Phylogenetic and average nucleotide identity analysis demonstrated that TR1180 is a member of D. tsuruhatensis. TR1180 exhibited resistance to β-lactam, aminoglycoside, tetracycline and sulphonamide antibiotics, but was susceptible to phenicols, fluoroquinolones and macrolides. Its genome is a single, circular chromosome measuring 6,711,018 bp in size. Whole-genome analysis identified 17 antibiotic resistance-related genes, which match the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of this strain, as well as 24 potential virulence factors and a number of metal resistance genes. Our data showed that Delftia possessed an open pan-genome and the genes in the core genome contributed to the pathogenicity and resistance of Delftia strains. Comparative genomics analysis of TR1180 with other publicly available genomes of Delftia showed diverse genomic features among these strains. D. tsuruhatensis TR1180 harbored a unique 38-kb genomic island flanked by a pair of 29-bp direct repeats with the insertion of a novel In4-like integron containing most of the specific antibiotic resistance genes within the genome. This study reports the findings of a fully sequenced genome from clinical D. tsuruhatensis, which provide researchers and clinicians with valuable insights into this uncommon species.
The Effect of Differential Weathering on The Magnetic Properties of Paleosols: A Case Study of Magnetic Enhancement vs. Magnetic Depletion in the Pleistocene Blackwater Draw Formation, Texas
Authors: Stine J. , Geissman J.W. , Sweet D.E. , Baird H.
Published: June 2021

The type-section of the Blackwater Draw Formation (BDF) consists of a series of five paleosol horizons developed on eolian deposits and an overlying surficial soil. Previous work has shown that magnetic properties (e.g., χ, ARM, and IRM) as a function of depth in this type-section, display both magnetically enhanced and magnetically depleted signals for different paleosols. To better understand the magnetic mineralogy responsible for these varying responses, various rock-magnetic experiments, scanning electron microscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy were conducted on representative samples from the six soil units which constitute the BDF type-section. Our results show that sub-micron hematite [with a minor contribution from single-domain sized hematite (Hc = ∼500 mT) dominates all the soils in terms of weight percent concentration. Whereas, low coercivity (Hc = ∼35 mT or less) magnetite/maghemitized-magnetite grains, largely in the PSD state (Mr/Ms=∼0.14 +/– 0.03588, Hcr/Hc=∼2.68 +/– 0.298789), dominate the magnetic signal. Magnetically depleted soils show a relatively higher proportion of goethite, while magnetically enhanced soils show an increased contribution from SP/SSD magnetite/maghemite phases.By combining our data-set with geochemically-derived climofunctions, we have correlated the magnetically preserved, depleted, and enhanced sections of the type-section to three distinct environmental phases (I-III). The basal sediments of Phase I displays relatively homogenous (neither enhanced nor depleted) magnetic properties due to relatively arid conditions and minimal alteration of southerly derive eolian sands. Conversely, Phase II-III represents a change in weathering intensities and provenance, resulting in a mix of southerly derived sands and northerly derived silts. Phase II, experienced greater precipitation levels, resulting in the dissolution of Fe-oxide phases and thus magnetic depletion. The uppermost Phase III experienced intermediate precipitation intensities resulting in magnetic enhancement.Using previously published age models we tentatively interpret these changing environmental conditions to be influenced by the Middle-Pleistocene Transition (1.2-0.7 Ma), where the Earth’s climatic cycles shifted from a ∼41 kyr to ∼100 kyr cycles. However, ambiguities persist due to uncertainties in the currently published age model. Due to the complexity of the magnetic signal, we recommend future studies utilize a holistic approach, incorporating rock-magnetic, geochemical, and microscopy observations for more accurate reconstruction of regional paleoenvironments.
Combining Argo and Satellite Data Using Model-Derived Covariances: Blue Maps
Authors: Oke Peter R. , Chamberlain Matthew A. , Fiedler Russell A. S. , Bastos de Oliveira Hugo , Beggs Helen M. , Brassington Gary B.
Published: June 2021

Blue Maps aims to exploit the versatility of an ensemble data assimilation system to deliver gridded estimates of ocean temperature, salinity, and sea-level with the accuracy of an observation-based product. Weekly maps of ocean properties are produced on a 1/10°, near-global grid by combining Argo profiles and satellite observations using ensemble optimal interpolation (EnOI). EnOI is traditionally applied to ocean models for ocean forecasting or reanalysis, and usually uses an ensemble comprised of anomalies for only one spatiotemporal scale (e.g., mesoscale). Here, we implement EnOI using an ensemble that includes anomalies for multiple space- and time-scales: mesoscale, intraseasonal, seasonal, and interannual. The system produces high-quality analyses that produce mis-fits to observations that compare well to other observation-based products and ocean reanalyses. The accuracy of Blue Maps analyses is assessed by comparing background fields and analyses to observations, before and after each analysis is calculated. Blue Maps produces analyses of sea-level with accuracy of about 4 cm; and analyses of upper-ocean (deep) temperature and salinity with accuracy of about 0.45 (0.15) degrees and 0.1 (0.015) practical salinity units, respectively. We show that the system benefits from a diversity of ensemble members with multiple scales, with different types of ensemble members weighted accordingly in different dynamical regions.
Beyond Translation: Caregiver Collaboration in Adapting an Early Language Intervention
Authors: Rumper Brooke M. , Alper Rebecca M. , Jaen Julia C. , Masek Lilian R. , Luo Rufan , Blinkoff Elias , Mogul Marjie , Golinkoff Roberta Michnick , Hirsh-Pasek Kathy
Published: June 2021

Spanish-speaking families in the United States must often overcome multiple challenges to support their young children’s early language development (e.g., language and cultural barriers, financial stress, limited learning resources, etc.). These challenges highlight the need for early language interventions tailored to the needs of Spanish-speaking families and developed in collaboration with them. For diverse populations, early language interventions which are both translated into the relevant languageandculturally responsive are the most effective for improving child outcomes. However, few interventions meet both criteria, demonstrating a need for materials that are accessible across both language and culture. The current study describes the five-phase process of creating a linguistically and culturally relevant Spanish adaptation of Duet, an early language intervention. The adaptation of the Duet intervention modules involved multiple language experts, including Spanish-speaking developmental psychologists, a translation company, and Spanish-speaking caregivers of infants and toddlers. Fourteen caregivers were recruited to participate in two, 3-h focus groups. Input from caregivers was a particularly important step in the adaptation process, as caregivers hold knowledge about everyday experiences with their children. Through this process, the authors aim to shed light onto the importance of collaborating with the community and present a possible framework for others who are adapting interventions.