bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biofilm forming ability of coagulase-positive staphylococci isolated from animals in Ukraine
Authors: Shevchenko M. , Andriichuk A. , Bilyk S. , Dovhal O. , Mazur T. , Tsarenko T.
Published: February 2024

Staphylococcal biofilms are an important virulence factor that allows for effective infectious effects and colonization of the animal body. This study was devoted to the evaluation of the biofilm forming ability of different strains of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from animals in Ukraine. In addition, the presence of extracellular adhesin genes icaA and icaD in S. pseudintermedius strains was determined. The density of the biofilms was determined by culturing microorganisms in 96-well plates and staining the resulting structures with crystal violet. The genes responsible for biofilm formation were identified by classical polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers selected from the literature. The data obtained from this study showed a direct correlation between the density of the biofilm and the number of viable cells involved in its formation. Thus, 23.1% of S. pseudintermedius strains and 25% of S. aureus strains isolated from dogs demonstrated the ability to form a dense biofilm, while 46.2% of S. pseudintermedius strains and 50% of S. aureus strains formed a weak biofilm. The origin of the isolates had no significant effect on the biofilm characteristics. Coagulase-positive staphylococci obtained from cats did not form dense biofilms. 42.9% of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from cows with mastitis had moderate to strong biofilm forming properties. Isolates that showed resistance to three or more antibiotic groups tended to form denser biofilms. In addition, 73.3% of the studied S. pseudintermedius strains were found to contain the icaA gene, and 90% – the icaD gene. A genotypic profile combining both icaA and icaD genes was present in 66.7% of the bacteria, while one strain lacked both genes. Understanding the biofilm forming properties of staphylococcal isolates is important in the context of developing optimal treatment strategies and effective antibiotic use, which will contribute to better control of infections caused by these microorganisms.
Na prática a teoria é outra
Authors: Zibordi Marcos Antônio
Published: February 2024

O artigo apresenta resultados parciais de pesquisa sobre a presença, em obras jornalísticas, das quatro características do “novo jornalismo”, definidas por Tom Wolfe (2005). Verificamos empiricamente se existe a presença de atributos que seriam literários em livros-reportagem mais citados por teóricos estadunidenses e, sobretudo, brasileiros. Estamos constatando que a narração não ocorre alternando cenas, os narradores não são personagens, os diálogos são raros e os detalhes significativos, quando existem, dificilmente podem ser qualificados como realistas.
Das römerzeitliche Gräberfeld von Mannersdorf am Leithagebirge, NÖ
Authors: Ployer René
Published: February 2024

Die Gräber lassen sich in mehrere räumlich voneinander getrennte, zeitlich aber teilweise parallel genutzte Gräberfeldzonen fassen, die sich um ein System von wabenförmig aneinandergereihten Grabgärtchen anordnen. Während das Gräberfeld in Teilen als Bestattungsplatz für die Bewohner einer nahe gelegenen Villa rustica diente, ist es in der mittleren Kaiserzeit vor allem als Nekropole einer größeren Ansiedlung zu sehen. Einfache Grabbeigaben deuten auf eine provinzielle, von römischer Lebensart geprägten ländlichen Bevölkerung, die sich aus verschiedenen Ethnien zusammensetzte. Für die Spätantike gibt es Hinweise auf einen gewissen Wohlstand. Neben einer archäologisch-kulturhistorischen Auswertung beinhaltet die Arbeit auch naturwissenschaftliche Analysen von Textilresten, Farbpigmenten sowie menschlichen Knochen und Tierknochen.
Association between leisure screen time and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in a representative sample of Spanish children: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tahiri I. , de Paz-Cantos S. , González-Marrón A. , Cartanyà-Hueso À. , Navarrete-Muñoz E.M. , Martín-Sánchez J.C. , Lidón-Moyano C. , Pérez-Martín H. , Martínez-Sánchez J.M.
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study was to assess the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and daily leisure screen time. We carried out a cross-sectional study using a representative sample of the Spanish population aged from 3 to 14 years recruited for the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey (n = 4,633). We derived the adherence to the Mediterranean diet according to a modified Mediterranean Diet Score and computed daily leisure screen time. We estimated crude and adjusted prevalence ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of high versus low, high versus medium and medium versus low adherence to the Mediterranean diet, according to categories of daily leisure screen time, using Poisson regression models. We found that the adjusted probabilities of having high adherence to the Mediterranean diet, versus low and medium adherence, were 23% (aPR 0.77; 95% CI 0.69, 0.86) and 14% (aPR 0.86; 95% CI 0.76, 0.97) lower, respectively, in children spending at least 180 minutes of daily leisure screen time in comparison with children spending less than one hour of daily screen time. This association was also observed when stratifying by age, except for children 12–14 years. In conclusion, high leisure screen time may be associated with lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
Az építésautomatizálás technológiai lehetőségei
Authors: Vidovszky István , Szögi Tamás
Published: February 2024

Az építőipar a munkaerő hiánya és az egyre fokozódó minőségi elvárások miatt a hagyományos, jellemzően emberi erőforrást alkalmazó vagy emberek által közvetlenül működtetett technológiák irányából apró lépésenként az automatizált technológiák irányába fordul. Az ezzel együtt járó változás csak úgy lehet zökkenőmentes, ha az építőipar résztvevői aktív részesei a változási folyamatnak. A cikk az építőipar fejlődési irányait, annak problematikáját és lehetőségeit kívánja bemutatni a területtel kapcsolatos kutatások és a már alkalmazott technológiai megoldások elemzésével a közeljövőben lehetséges változások, további lehetőségek, illetve problémák feltérképezésére és megvilágítására törekedve.
Diagnosis of air distribution in a room
Authors: Voznyak Orest , Spodyniuk Nadiia , Sukholova Iryna , Savchenko Olena , Kasynets Mariana , Shostak Serhii
Published: February 2024

This article is dedicated to diagnosis of damage to air distribution in a room with twisted, compact, and flat air jets, and to searching of ways to solving the problem. It was found that in order to avoid damage to the air distribution system in rooms of different purposes and dimensions; it should be air streams of the appropriate types and with the appropriate characteristics. Parameters of a swirled, compact, flat, rectangular air jet when creating comfortable climatic conditions in the rooms of different purposes and dimensions are determined. The relationship between the angle of inclination of the rotating plates (for twisted jets), ratio of sides of the slit (for all rectangular including compact and flat streams) and a long-range of these flows is established.
Processing of organic electrochemical transistors
Authors: Barbosa Henrique Frulani de Paula , Asyuda Andika , Skowrons Michael , Schander Andreas , Lüssem Björn
Published: February 2024

Since the advent of Organic Electrochemical Transistors (OECTs) back in the 80s, research focus has shifted from understanding the working mechanism and expanding the materials library to finding new applications and building larger integrated circuits. Given the strong dependency of these devices’ performance on their geometrical dimensions and considering the increasing need for larger scale and low cost fabrication, research on novel processing methods is paramount. Here, we review the most common processing techniques used for OECT fabrication, starting from classic methods such as spin coating and electropolymerization to more recent and complex ones like orthogonal lithography and 3D printing. We also provide a brief outlook on how these techniques are enabling integrated circuits and large scale circuitry in general.

Graphical abstract
The Caucasian War (1817–1864) as a Range for the Combat Use Rocket Artillery
Authors: Viktoria Popova
Published: February 2024

The article is devoted to the experience of using combat missiles in the Caucasian War (1817–1864). Today, rocket artillery is one of the most advanced and rapidly developing branches of artillery, but this type of weapon has come a long way to take its place in the arsenals of the world’s armies . The purpose of this article is to analyze the use of rocket artillery by all parties to the Caucasian War of 1817-1864. The research objectives are: to consider the features of the missile weapons production and identify the course of rocket artillery participation in military campaigns in the Caucasus in the 19th century. The methodological basis of the article is the methods of historicism and objectivity. The author turns to a systematic scientific analysis that allows us to consider the entire complex of factors. As European powers developed the production of military rockets, Russia also became interested in them. The military considered rocket artillery as a promising weapon capable of replacing all land smooth-bore artillery. The Military Scientific Committee promoted developments in domestic rocket science. But the issue of industrial production of missiles for the needs of the army was not resolved for a long time due to their low military efficiency compared to European counterparts. The impetus for the creation of the first rocket manufacturing enterprise - the St. Petersburg Rocket Establishment - was given by the war that started in the Caucasus. Light and mobile combat missiles demonstrated their undeniable superiority in the mountainous terrain. Shamil, the Imam of the Caucasus, was also interested in rocket artillery. He tried to establish the production of this type of weapon. The production of gunpowder and iron casting was organized in the Imamate, but they failed to succeed in this endeavor. Most of the rocket artillery of Shamil's army was captured shells. For a long time, military rockets were used exclusively in the Caucasus, but with the development of tactical and technical qualities of weapons, many military districts began to form permanent missile companies. With the defeat in the Crimean War (1853–1856), interest in rockets waned, and by 1886 the production of rocket artillery had declined. But the theoretical and practical developments made during this period became the basis of international and domestic rocket science.
Unknown Weapon of the Red Army: Dogs and Birds
Authors: Sergey Bezuglov
Published: February 2024

The Red Army command sought to use for military purposes not only scientific discoveries and technical achievements of Soviet inventors and scientists but also trained dogs and pigeons as an effective and cheap means of solving military problems. The decision to use animals and birds was born after rethinking the results of their combat application on the fields of the First World War, where they were mainly employed to maintain communications, search for the wounded, and protect military facilities. In the Red Army, dogs and birds began to be trained in order to expand the capabilities of troops during the organization of communications, supply of ammunition, sanitary evacuation of the wounded from the battlefield, chemical and biological reconnaissance, combating enemy armored vehicles, and carrying out sabotage actions. In a short time, breeding and training kennels and pigeon stations were established in the Soviet Union. Efforts to popularize dog and pigeon breeding among the civilian population were made. The article presents the views of the Red Army command on the use of animals and birds trained to destroy enemy manpower, military equipment, and communications. The author shows unknown aspects of preparing dogs and pigeons for sabotage operations in the prewar period and during the Great Patriotic War at military training grounds and facilities. Some cases of testing the destructive agents intended for use by trained birds and animals are presented. Assuming that the enemy would use similar weapons (dogs and pigeons), the Red Army command took measures to develop means and methods of protecting its equipment and personnel. The article examines the means of protecting military equipment from damage by dogs developed by scientific institutions. The author touches upon the issue of training dogs to organize the sanitary evacuation of wounded soldiers from the battlefield. As the experience of the Great Patriotic War showed, dog sanitary carts turned out to be indispensable in a number of cases and saved tens of thousands of wounded soldiers.
"The Country was not Ready for Creating the Lot" (on Flight Development Tests of Ocean-Spanning Missile 8K99)
Authors: Alexander Tolochko
Published: February 2024

The article aims to consolidate information regarding flight development tests of the 8K99 missile at the 53rd field research facility of the USSR Ministry of Defense (Archangelsk Region, Mirnyj). Besides official and technical documentation, archive papers of testing military units and test participants’ memories are used. The ocean-spanning missile 8K99 was developed in the Yuzhnoe Design Office (Dnepropetrovsk City) during the first half of the 1960s . It was intended for combat use within the Strategic Missile Forces as part of mobile and fixed missile systems. For the flight development tests of the 8K99 missile, there was built an experimental testing base (including technical and missile launch sites, command, measurement and computer complexes, etc.) and infrastructure facilities (roads, bridges), prepared drop areas for separated missile’s parts along its motion path and training target areas, set up testing military units, and trained engineering and technical personnel. During 1967-69, there were carried out flight development tests of the 8K99 missile as a part of the 15П699 mobile ground missile system. Despite overall positive results, the missile’s tests were discontinued. The 8К99 missile was not accepted for service, but its creation contributed to the development of national missilery. A set of ingenious engineering solutions are being used up to now in developing ocean-spanning missiles and space rockets. During flight development tests, testing military units’ personnel gained experience in operating complicated, dangerous, and sensitive systems
The Historical Environment of Motovilikha Plants at the Begining of the XXI Century
Authors: Vladimir Veretenov
Published: February 2024

The article examines the historical environment of the Motovilikha Plants in the context of the formation of cultural heritage sites in the Motovilikha District - places of interest, monuments, and ensembles. The purpose of the study is to determine the place and importance of the Motovilikha factories as an industrial heritage in the context of the city of Perm. With this goal, the following tasks are put forward: 1) to consider the formation of the historical environment of the plant and the district in the context of identifying cultural heritage sites; and 2) to examine potential cultural heritage sites in the factory area. Based on these problems,the study uses a constructivist approach, including the technique of interpretation, comparison, and generalization. The challenge of integrating industrial facilities into the modern urban environment is relevant for Perm. The gradual development of society and a change in its attitude to the industrial heritage, the level of wear and tear on old factories, modernization, and the need to create more advanced production facilities at new sites lead to a natural question of what to do with the objects of industrial heritage? Motovilikha Plants are no exception. The enterprise specifics are such that the factory located in the structure of the city, like many defense-oriented factories, is inaccessible to most Permians and guests of the city, storing the fruits of engineering, samples of products and production, and unique archival materials. Many of the industrial buildings that have survived to our time are in disrepair, which increases the likelihood of their complete destruction with every year. The situation is complicated by the fact that the mechanisms of the city administration's influence on the enterprise in order to preserve historical buildings do not allow them to begin restoration; at the same time, the plant is not able to carry out repairs on its own in the current situation. This leads to the fact that industrial heritage sites continue to be cut off from society which does not have the opportunity to study their history, revealing the industrial potential of the city of Perm. It turns out that formally being in the urban space, the objects of industrial heritage are outside it. It is for this reason that the problem of integrating industrial heritage sites into the urban environment and the society is relevant and requires consideration
A Novel Dental Implant Approach for Crestal Sinus Elevation: A Case Series Study
Authors: Fettouh Ahmed Ibrahim Aboul , Shemais Nesma , Keraa Khaled , Mina Nael Adel , Abdelmalak Mariam Samy , Abdelrahman Abdelrahman Ali Gamaleldin , Ghallab Noha Ayman
Published: February 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the radiographic and clinical outcomes of patients undergoing sinus membrane elevation via a minimally invasive crestal approach utilizing the dental implant.

Material and methods

Twenty patients having one or more missing posterior teeth were included. The maxillary sinus membrane was elevated using a dental implant via a crestal approach in areas with insufficient residual bone. CBCT scans were used to measure the amount of newly formed bone, implant length inside the sinus, bucco-palatal sinus width, and bone thickness. Surgical and post-surgical complications, along with implant survival, were also measured.

Results

The mean (±SD) values for the newly formed bone after one year were 2.4 (±1.87) mm, while values for implant length inside the sinus were 4 (±1.49) mm. The results showed that the percentage of implant length inside the sinus and the palatal bone thickness were statistically significant positive predictors of the newly formed bone. The higher percentage of implant length inside the sinus and increased palatal bone thickness were associated with more significant amounts of newly formed bone. High patient satisfaction was reported, along with a 100% implant survival.

Conclusions

Using the novel dental implant approach for crestal sinus elevation demonstrated predictable clinical and radiographic outcomes. This novel technique is simple for both patients and clinicians, rendering it a promising and cost-efficient procedure.
Reform or Necessary Change? The Attempt to Translate the Ketubah into Hebrew and the Reactions to it
Authors: Radzyner Amihai
Published: February 2024

The original language of the Jewish ketubah is Aramaic, a language not understood by the average Jew in recent generations. Therefore, in various Jewish communities, translations of the ketubah into the spoken language of community in question have been proposed. This article examines proposals made during the latter half of the twentieth century to translate the ketubah into Hebrew – and the fate of these proposals. The main focus of this article surrounds the most significant of these translation initiatives, which was undertaken by the Religious Kibbutz Movement (HaKibbutẓ HaDati) in the 1950s when members of the Kevuẓat Yavneh Kibbutz advocated that their new Hebrew ketubah be used as Israel’s formal ketubah, to be given to all Jewish couples entering into marriage in the country. They tried to attain the approval of the Israeli Chief Rabbinate, but to their surprise, they were met with complete rejection. An examination of the justifications given by the Rabbinate for their decision to reject the translation initiative shows that their opposition was not based purely on halakhic considerations – rather, the changes made to the ketubah within Conservative Judaism at around the same time played a major role in determining the Rabbinate’s position. Expressing strong opposition to the new “Conservative ketubah”, Israel’s Chief Rabbinate stated that no change should be made to the text’s traditional form.
Spread of Ponto-Caspian Macro-Invertebrates along the European Invasion Corridors: Preconditions, Consequences, Prospects
Authors: Pligin Yu. V. , Zheleznyak N. I.
Published: February 2024

The preconditions, consequences and prospects of the Ponto-Caspian macroinvertebrates spread along the European invasive corridors westward and northward to Europe and North America are analyzed. During the XIX-XX century, the Ponto-Caspian invertebrates actively invaded the water bodies of the Western Europe via the Central (Dnieper) corridor. The appearance of species of the families Dreissenidae, Gammaridae, Corophiidae in the inland waters of North America is associated with the long-term functioning of the Southern "Ponto-American" invasion corridor.
Antiproliferative and Antibacterial Activity of Polyporoid Fungi from Veracruz, Mexico
Authors: González-Solís Rosalba , Mendoza Guillermo , Ramos Antero , Bandala Victor M. , Montoya Leticia , González-Bakker Aday , Padrón José M. , Lagunes Irene , Trigos Ángel
Published: February 2024

Polyporoid fungi represent a vast source of bioactive compounds with potential pharmacological applications. The importance of polyporoid fungi in traditional Chinese medicine has led to an extensive use of some species of Ganoderma for promoting health and longevity because their consumption is associated with several bioactivities. Nevertheless, bioactivity of some other members of the Polyporaceae family has also been reported. This work reports the antiproliferative and antibacterial activity of crude extracts obtained from fruiting bodies of polypore fungi collected from the central region of Veracruz, Mexico, aimed at understanding the diversity of polypore species with potential pharmacological applications. 29 collections were identified macro- and microscopically in 19 species of polyporoid fungi, belonging to 13 genera. The antiproliferative activity screening of extracts against solid tumor cell lines (A549, SW1573, HeLa, HBL-100, T-47D, WiDr) allow us to identify four extracts with strong bioactivity [half-maximal growth inhibition (GI50) ≤ 50 μg/mL]. After this, a phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences from the ITS region obtained from bioactive specimens allowed us to identify three extracts as Pycnoporus sanguineus (GI50 = ≤ 10 μg/mL) and the fourth bioactive extract as Ganoderma oerstedii (GI50 = < 50 μg/mL. Likewise, extracts from P. sanguineus showed mild or moderate antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Xanthomonas albilineas. Bioprospecting studies of polyporoid fungi add to the knowledge of the diversity of macrofungi in Mexico and allow us to select one of the bioactive P. sanguineus to continue the pursuit of bioactive compounds through mycochemical studies.
USE OF INTERACTIVE, INNOVATIVE METHODS OF CONDUCTING CLASSES
Authors:   Bishkek State University named after K. Karasaev, Ustabaeva Gulnar
Published: February 2024

Today, interesting activities for the younger generation is relevant. As a result of globalization, our young people develop a lot of vector-wise along with these well and have mastered the language of technology at the highest level. However, despite this, methodological manuals are being developed for the worldview, the craving for the development of internal natural knowledge, as well as for an interesting and comprehensive development. Some of them, depending on perception, give different influences on the educational and scientific interests of students. In this connection, the increased interest in conducting a lesson using interactive methods, which is currently used in world practice, would meet modern requirements, and would also be the most effective.
A TRADITIONAL PHENOMENON OF THE PECULIARITIES OF THE NATIONAL UPBRINGING OF CHILDREN IN A KYRGYZ FAMILY
Authors:   Osh State University, Ergeshova Kunduz , Alieva Kanyshay ,   Osh State University
Published: February 2024

In the era of globalization, the appeal to the traditional pedagogical culture of each nation - shows the greatness of this nation, their need for the present. In this article we have for the first time united the concepts of "traditional family" and "traditional upbringing" to educate children in the family following their age. To illustrate that this represents a traditional family, we used ethnographic research (SM Abramzon, NH Kalemin) and the works of writer Chingiz Aitmatov as examples. In our study, traditional education was compared with modern classical education. The main factors affecting the upbringing of Kyrgyz children have been identified. The study carries an ethno pedagogical character and is aimed at teachers of modern schools and educational institutions, as well as people engaged in all educational work. The conclusion of our article is as follows: upbringing in a traditional Kyrgyz family taught children to be patriotic, polite, respect their parents, and care for the environment.
PERSPECTIVES ON USING TOOLS TO CONTROL POLYPHARMACY IN PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: Kirilochev Oleg O , Umerova Adelya
Published: February 2024

The study aimed to evaluate the risk of developing adverse drug reactions in patients aged 65 years and older who received drug treatment for mental disorders. The analysis demonstrated the potential of specific tools for assessing drug therapy appropriateness in a mental health setting. An assessment using «Trigger Tool for Measuring Adverse Drug Events in a Mental Health Setting» and «The GerontoNet ADR Risk Score» showed that more than half of hospitalized elderly patients are at risk of adverse reactions. In the majority of cases, this risk was associated with two major factors characterizing drug therapy in the study group: age and psychopharmacotherapy. These results highlight the importance of careful control over drug therapy safety in patients aged 65 years and older and therapy optimization when a high risk of adverse drug events is identified.
Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis
Authors:   Autor(en)
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Brot und politische Spiele. Arthur Schnitzler überweist 100 000 Kronen
Authors: Nottscheid Mirko
Published: February 2024

Arthur Schnitzlers Tagebucheintrag vom 20. Dezember 1921 enthält eine merkwürdige Fehlleistung: «Leonhard Frank und Werfel legen mir einen Aufruf für die hungernden Künstler in Rußland vor, ich mache Vorschläge dazu.» Nicht um hungernde russische Künstler ging es bei dem Aufruf, für den Frank und Werfel bei ihrem berühmten Wiener Kollegen warben, sondern um die katastrophale Hungersnot, die seit Frühjahr 1921 Russland erfasst hatte und in deren Folge bis Ende 1922 mindestens zwei Millionen Menschen ihr Leben verloren. Ursächlich waren Spätfolgen des Kriegs, jahrelange Misswirtschaft und nicht zuletzt die Zwangsrequirierungen von Lebensmitteln während des Bürgerkriegs, der auf die Oktoberrevolution folgte.
Mehlbrei, Sehnsucht, Heimweh. Mascha Kaléko streicht den Hunger durch
Authors: Herweg Nikola
Published: February 2024

«[E]ine aus Sentimentalität und Schnoddrigkeit großstädtisch gemischte, mokante, selbstironisierende Art von Dichtung [voll] Anmut und Spielerei, hinter der soviel Traurigkeit und Sehnsucht nach einem echteren und edleren Leben steckt», urteilte Hermann Hesse 1936 über die frühen Gedichtbände Mascha Kalékos und stellte die Lyrikerin in eine heitere Nachfolge Heinrich Heines; die Nazis sahen es ähnlich, nur ins Negative verkehrt: «Asphaltliteratur» wurde zum Kampfbegriff und Kaléko – noch bevor ihre jüdische Herkunft registriert wurde – als eine typische Vertreterin dieser Strömung attackiert.
Hunger
Authors: Sahl Hans
Published: February 2024

«1,50 Frcs» – dachte Robert, während er in die rue de Rennes einbog. Er sah die Briefmarke vor sich, die er in seinem Notizbuch trug, eine schöne blaue Briefmarke im Werte von 1 Franc, 50 Centimes. Sollte er den Brief an Marschner abschicken, das heißt also, den einzigen Wert, den er noch mit sich umhertrug, nämlich die Briefmarke, dem geistigen Verkehr mit der Aussenwelt dienstbar machen, oder wäre es nicht besser, unter Verzicht auf solche ideellen Werte, deren Fragwürdigkeit ihm mit jedem Tag klarer wurde, die Briefmarke einfach in Geld umzuwechseln? 1,50 Fr – was konnte man sich nicht alles dafür kaufen! Für 1,50 Francs bekam man in dem Bistro, in dem er zu frühstücken pflegte, eine Tasse Kaffee und eine große, mit Butter bestrichene Semmel, 1,50 Francs – das waren 10 Stück Regiezigaretten oder zwei Metrofahrten oder fünf Bogen weißen Kanzleipapiers, auf dem er seinen Roman schreiben würde. 1,50 Frs = 3 Telefongespräche.
The Life of a Russian Newspaper: From Its Origin to the Digital Age
Authors: Demina Irina
Published: February 2024

The article is a review of the monograph by A.A. Grabelnikova and T.S. Rodionova “Russian newspaper, digital environment and audience”. On the basis of the statistically used analysis in the literature, a conclusion was made about the broadest theoretical and practical basis for a monographic study. The main thesis of the book: newspapers develop where and when civil rights of the audience develop. The authors consistently and extensively show the process of the emergence and functioning of Russian newspapers, at each stage of which they trace the role of the audience and the transformations that subject-subject relations were subjected to in the media-audience system. The monograph is of theoretical and methodological significance for further media research both in the field of media history and in general theoretical research. In practical terms, the monograph is extremely useful for teachers of the history of Russian journalism.
“Fake News” in Social Networks: Media Practices of Students
Authors: Barinov Dmitry , Nesina Victoria
Published: February 2024

With the expansion of the space of online communications and the growth of their social significance, it seems relevant to study the attitude to fake publications, which not only distort the facts, but also generate negative consequences in relation to various aspects of activity. In this regard, theoretical and practical relevance is gained by the study of possibilities to counter fakes, forming, first of all, the ability to identify false information and distinguish it in the flow of news messages among young people as the main consumer of social networking content. The goal of this article is to present the results of an empirical study of the media practices of student audience of Smolensk and their attitude to fake news in social networks. In the course of the study it was determined that the media consumption practices of the regional student audience correspond to national trends: preference of Internet resources, and among them — social networks as sources of news information. At the same time, the goals of using social networks and thematic preferences of students are related not only to the current media agenda, but also to involvement in the educational process and leisure activities, which also reflects the all-Russian characteristics of the media behavior of young people. The study revealed an ambiguous role of online comments in the process of fact-checking a news publication and forming an opinion about the credibility of the news publication. We found that despite a proper understanding of the essential features of fake news and the consequences of its replication in the media, the behavioral impact of fake news was stronger than the impact of real news. The study also revealed that the majority of the regional student audience of social networks demonstrates susceptibility to fake news and has difficulty recognizing it.
Soviet Journalism of the 1960s–1980s and Russian Journalism of the 1990s: Historical Myths and Real Correspondents Practice
Authors: Bityutskaya Valeria
Published: February 2024

In the article, the author attempts to rethink some aspects of the work of Soviet journalists. The need for such an analysis is caused by the growing controversy in Russian society about the situation in the Russian media environment. Quite often, the participants of the discussion and opinion leaders turn to the images of the «free 90s» that have become entrenched in the mass consciousness as a golden time for journalism in Russia, comparing them with the «Soviet propaganda» that existed earlier and did not give an opportunity to objectively cover events and life in the country. The romanticization of one era and the demonization of another distort the images of journalism and journalists in historical memory. At the same time, one of the fundamental rules of journalism is an objective reflection of events: coverage of different points of view, demonstration of pros and cons. The Soviet school of journalism has left a rich legacy. Soviet journalists often became writers, perfectly mastering the art of words. The essay, a complex, interesting and almost forgotten genre today, occupied leading positions in newspapers in the USSR. The TASS news agency was not inferior in quality to the world's news agencies. Journalists had the opportunity to write about the painful, to raise acute questions, to polemize, despite the rather strict censorship carried out by Glavlit. Newspapers developed and increased circulation even in the absence of a market economy. This study debunks some of the myths about the work of Soviet journalists on the example of editors and employees of allied publications, as well as correspondents of TASS — the leading information actor in the media system of the Soviet Union.
Information Confrontation Between the USSR and the USA During the Cold War: A Review of Current Foreign Studies
Authors: Filatkina Gelia , Maslina Maria , Putseva Maria , Kireeva Polina
Published: February 2024

The paper reviews current research on the study of information confrontation between the USSR and the USA during the Cold War, published in leading foreign journals in the field of communications over the past 15 years. The authors systematized English-, French- and German-language academic discourses, thus presenting the global view of the academic community on the information dimension of the Cold War and the peculiarities of national research approaches. The theoretical research reveals the main themes, theoretical frameworks and methods used in foreign studies. The main topics for research papers were the role of the media in the ideological confrontation between East and West and the influence of the Cold War context on the coverage of international events. Foreign researchers most often used the methods of content analysis, analysis of archival documents and case studies in their works. To identify the specifics of the information confrontation between East and West, researchers analyze the content of press, radio, television and cinema. It is noteworthy that the French and German academic discourses are dominated by the examination of the Soviet-American information confrontation on the example of audiovisual content. A characteristic feature for papers of researchers from the UK and the USA is the study of the mechanisms of journalistic working practice in times of the Cold War.
Editorial
Authors: Michavila Pitarch Francesc , Grau Vidal Francesc Xavier
Published: February 2024

Editorial
A Systems Theory of Multimodality
Authors: Gee James
Published: February 2024

This paper offers a tentative theory of how to approach the analysis of multimodal “texts” (using the word loosely for any integrated set of symbols that resemble written texts in communicative power).  Much work on multimodality is new and many key issues are not yet broached, let alone settled.  The theory I produce treats modes as semiotic systems (sets of social conventions about meaning) and multimodality as a system of systems.  A theory in a new domain helps us understand what we take the “things” we are going analyze to be (our “ontology”).  In turn, our choice of “things” determines the sorts of tools we will need for analysis and the sorts of questions we will ask, a number of which are delineated in this paper.  The theory developed here is based on the correspondences between linguistic systems and non-linguistic modal systems.  The paper closes with a discussion of the implications of the approach I propose for work on design and learning.
El Paréntesis Pandémico hacia una Escuela Transmedia. Directrices para pensar una nueva escuela post COVID19
Authors: Bonetti Sandra
Published: February 2024

El paréntesis pandémico trajo aparejado numerosos inconvenientes a la educación, pero también, originó un espacio de oportunidades para repensar y rediseñar la escuela.
Así, este artículo reúne las líneas de pensamiento en torno a la gestación de una nueva escuela, partiendo del análisis de lo sucedido a partir del COVID19 y tomando como referencia la situación escolar en la provincia de Misiones, Argentina.
Aborda, de manera superficial, temas generales respecto de la incorporación de las TIC a la educación, para adentrarse en la cuestión de la interfaz escuela que necesita ser rediseñada a fin de responder a las demandas de la sociedad digital.
Propone la metáfora y pedagogía de la migración como respuesta explicativa y concluye con la revisión de los procesos de mediamorfosis, remediación y convergencia necesarios para pensar una escuela transmedia, donde el devenir entre el mundo analógico y el digital se vehiculice a través de diferentes narrativas que permitan propuestas pedagógicas multidireccionales, multimodales y significativas necesarias para el aprendizaje en el siglo XXI.
Las metodologías activas enriquecidas con tecnología
Authors: Palau Ramon , Santiago Raúl
Published: February 2024

El aprendizaje activo, aunque no constituye un elemento nuevo, ha ganado popularidad en los últimos años dentro de los colectivos docentes tanto por la necesidad de buscar respuestas a los nuevos retos como por la incorporación de la tecnología en la educación. Este artículo presenta una aproximación conceptual a las metodologías activas, poniendo en valor la práctica docente basada en evidencias como método y herramienta para la mejora de la educación, realizando para ello un recorrido histórico del concepto, y finalmente destacando cómo estas metodologías y estrategias se enriquecen e implementan con la tecnología. Para finalizar esta presentación al monográfico, se presenta un modelo de éxito de integración de las metodologías activas enriquecidas con tecnología.
Efecte de la relació pedagògica sobre el compromís cognitiu d'estudiants universitaris en context de cursos en línia mixtos
Authors: Kozanitis Anastassis
Published: February 2024

L'objectiu d'aquest estudi és examinar com la relació pedagògica influeix en el compromís cognitiu dels estudiants d'educació superior en cursos mixtos en línia que combinen activitats d'ensenyament i aprenentatge en modes sincrònics i asincrònics. Les anàlisis estadístiques permeten verificar limpacte de la relació pedagògica sobre les dimensions del compromís cognitiu, en particular la relació de confiança i el suport emocional que brinda el docent. Un ambient de confiança condueix a interaccions i comportaments col·laboratius, que al seu torn influeix sobre el compromís cognitiu.
COMPETENCIA DIGITAL DOCENTE EN LA EDUCACIÓN CONTINUA DE UNA UNIVERSIDAD PERUANA
Authors: Chang Prado Diego
Published: February 2024

El estudio buscó medir la competencia digital docente (CDD) en la línea de educación continua de una universidad privada en Perú. Para ello, se usó el cuestionario COMDID para Latinoamérica, propuesto por Lázaro et al. (2018), el cual fue aplicado en línea durante los meses de febrero y marzo de 2021. La muestra obtenida fue de 148 docentes (10% de la población). Para el análisis, se consideraron los resultados a nivel de las cuatro dimensiones propuestas por el cuestionario, medidas en porcentaje, a través de una clasificación por cuartiles. Seguidamente, se usó el indicador Top Two Box (T2B) para determinar el volumen de docentes cuyos resultados recayeron en los dos cuartiles más altos. De las cuatro dimensiones, las que resultaron mejor evaluadas fueron Didáctica, curricular y metodológica (69%), y Planificación, organización y gestión de espacios y recursos tecnológicos digitales (58%). Por el contrario, las dimensiones con puntuaciones más bajas fueron Personal y profesional (41%), y Relacional, ética y seguridad (36%). Asimismo, se observó que los docentes de mayor edad y de las áreas de Derecho, Política y Sostenibilidad, y Arte, Cultura y Sociedad tenían menos desarrollada la CDD.
EDUCACIÓN MAKER EN LAS ESCUELAS: CARACTERÍSTICAS DEL PROCESO DE IMPLEMENTACIÓN
Authors: Hanna Carrasco Constanza , Valls Bautista Cristina
Published: February 2024

La investigación presentada en este artículo tiene como objetivo determinar los factores que inciden en la implementación de la educación Maker en las escuelas. Se trata de un proceso de investigación de paradigma interpretativo y metodología cualitativa, mediante un estudio de caso del cambio educativo iniciado en una escuela de Barcelona. Se ha indagado en las fases del proceso de implementación de la educación Maker, los retos que éste afronta, el impacto de la formación universitaria de Grado de Educación primaria en la capacitación de la docente, las características de la formación Maker recibida, y la definición de la estructura organizativa y relacional empleada en la transformación educativa del centro. Los resultados obtenidos detallan las fases empleadas para una implementación exitosa de la educación Maker, exponiendo las características de la formación Maker recibida, y evidenciando el bajo impacto de la educación universitaria de la docente en el empleo de la metodología. Se detectan retos respecto al sistema educativo, en los materiales y espacios del centro educativo, en la actitud, experiencia y formación de los docentes, así como en la misma educación Maker y en los Fab Labs como organización externa experta en la materia; y se define una posible estructura organizativa y relacional que potencie y asegure el cambio educativo de los centros. Se concluye que el análisis obtenido expone los posibles factores del proceso de implementación a considerar para la expansión exitosa del uso de la educación Maker en las escuelas, facilitando un modelo de referencia para tal fin.
Investigating Reliability and Criterion Validity of the Chinese Version of the Assessment of Physical Activity in Frail Older People: A Cross-Sectional Study v1
Authors: li yuelin
Published: February 2024

- This study aims to determine the reliability and criterion validity of the Chinese version of the APAFOP (APAFOP-C). - Sampling and Participants Future recruitment will involve convenience sampling of community-residing older adults with frailty in northeastern China, aged 65 years or older and scoring ≥2 on the FRAIL scale. Recruitment methods will include flyers on public boards and word-of-mouth. Exclusions will apply to institutionalized or hospitalized individuals, or those unable to communicate during interviews. The target sample size will be determined through an a-priori calculation using G*Power software, aiming for 120 participants to account for potential dropouts and enhance generalizability. - Ethical Considerations The study will adhere to the Declaration of Helsinki principles, with protocol approval by the Institutional Review Board of Lishui University's School of Medicine (Approval No. 2022-0001). Informed consent will be obtained from all participants, ensuring their right to confidentiality and withdrawal without penalty. - Data Collection Data collection will involve face-to-face interviews and objective measurements using tools like pedometers. Participants will complete a sociodemographic questionnaire and undergo anthropometric measurements for BMI classification. An investigator triangulation method will assess inter-rater reliability with three raters. Additionally, participants will wear a pedometer for direct PA comparison, with follow-up assessments for intra-rater reliability after 7–14 days. - Objective and Subjective physical activity Assessment The objective PA assessment will utilize a Yamax SW-200 pedometer. Subjective PA will be assessed using the APAFOP-C, covering six domains of PA, with intensity rated according to a MET-based scoring system. The questionnaire will be adapted for cultural relevance to the Chinese context. - Data Analysis Data will be analyzed using SPSS software, with results reported as mean±SD or medians and IQRs. The Mann-Whitney U test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test will assess the representativeness of selected days and normality, respectively. Intra- and inter-rater reliability will be evaluated using ICC and Kendall’s W test, with criterion validity assessed via ICC. Bland-Altman plots will determine the Limit of Agreement for both reliability measures and criterion validity. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients will interpret the strength of relationships, with a significance level set at .05. Missing data will be handled through mean or multiple imputations, depending on the nature of the missingness. - Expected Results It is expected that the APAFOP-C will demonstrate substantial intra-rater reliability, with acceptable inter-rater reliability and criterion validity compared to pedometer readings, suggesting its suitability for assessing physical activity in frail older adults.
Removal of macronutrients in the avocado fruit cv. Hass in Antioquia and Caldas, Colombia
Authors: Mejía-Jaramillo Luz María , Montoya-Areiza Camila , Saavedra-Porras Susan , Salazar-García Samuel , Osorio-Vega Nelson Walter
Published: February 2024

In recent years, Colombia have become globally as one the major producer of Hass avocado. Contributions of all nutrients are made in the fertilization plans, but it is not known if the additions made have been adequate and opportune. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of site and year of productions on the removal of nutrients during the harvest stage of different tissues of the Avocado fruit cv. Hass in two farms (El-Sinaí and La-Escondida) located in the high-Andean tropical zone of Colombia in three years of production (2018-2020). For this purpose, fruit samples were taken at the harvest stage of highly productive trees from two sites in Colombia (i) El-Sinaí (Anserma, Caldas; altitude 2,000 m, average annual temperature and precipitation 18.65°C and 1,837 mm) and (ii) La-Escondida (Rionegro, Antioquia; altitude 2,200 m, average annual temperature and precipitation 16.84°C and 2,091 mm). The fruit tissues (peel, pulp, seed-coat and seed) were subjected to elemental composition analysis. Significant (P<0.05) differences were detected for each element between tissues, years, sites and their interactions. The total removal range for macronutrients was: N 1.53-2.57, P 0.21-0.38, K 2.53-3.51, Ca 0.20-0.56, Mg 0.15-0.24 and S 0.13-0.18 (kg t-1). These results indicate that the order of nutrient accumulation in the fruit was K > N > Ca > P >Mg > S and they may be used as a reference for elaboration of fertilization programs in the regions studied, particularly in terms of the doses and ratios of nutrients. Also, the nutrient concentration in the different fruit tissues may be used as a reference of fruit nutritional status of productive trees for farmers interested in monitoring and improving nutritional of low-yield trees.