bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The use of polyethylene terephthalate waste as modifiers for bitumen systems
Authors: Aitkaliyeva Gulzat , Yelubay Madeniyet , Yerzhanova Dana , Ismailova Aiganym , Massakbayeva Sofya
Published: July 2022

This study examined the suitability of polyethylene terephtal (PET) waste to provide an alternative modification to bitumen and reduce waste accumulation. The chemical structure and physical properties were evaluated for modified bitumen with different PET flakes content from 2 to 10 %. The effect of PET waste content on bituminous systems was analyzed using IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy, differential thermal (DTA) and thermogravimetric (TGA) analyses. The study of change in the microstructure as a result of bitumen modification was carried out using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Regularities of changes in the structural-group composition of bituminous binders after their modification with PET waste have been established. It is noted that the chemical interaction of the base bitumen with PET  flakes occurs due to the formation of associative bonds between the oxygen-containing components of the modifier and bitumen.
The influence of the modifier on the physical and mechanical properties was evaluated using standard methods (penetration, extensibility and softening point). Based on the physical and mechanical properties of bitumen, such as needle penetration depth (penetration), ductility and softening point, it was found that the optimal dosage of PET waste in terms of asphalt binder characteristics is 3 %. It has been established that PET waste and original bitumen interact both at the chemical and physical levels and can be considered as a suitable alternative for changing the properties of bituminous binders. Thus, the obtained samples of modified bituminous binders have improved physical and mechanical properties, which makes it possible to produce high-strength asphalt concrete pavements based on them.
The influence of different drying methods on the quality attributes of beetroots
Authors: Liu Yan , Sabadash Sergei , Duan Zhenhua , Deng Chunli
Published: July 2022

Beetroot is recognized as a health-promoting vegetable due to its abundant source of bioactive compounds. Drying methods significantly influence the quality of products. Therefore, it is important to choose a suitable drying method to obtain high quality of dried beetroots. The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of different drying methods on the quality attributes of beetroots. Fresh beetroots were dehydrated by freeze drying (FD), heat pump drying (HPD), vacuum drying (VD), microwave drying (MD) and microwave vacuum drying (MVD), respectively. The drying time, final moisture content, rehydration ratio, color, microstructure, betalain content and total flavonoids content of beetroots prepared by different drying methods were analyzed. The results showed that MVD and MD were superior to VD, HPD and FD in terms of drying time. The drying time (0.77±0.03 h) of MD was reduced by 97.40 % compared with FD, which was only 9.83 % of VD and 11.27 % of HPD. No significant differences in the final moisture content among beetroots dried using different drying methods were observed. Beetroots dried by FD showed the most desirable color and porous structure. Besides, beetroots dried by MVD exhibited the largest rehydration ratio, while the lowest rehydration ratio appeared in the beetroots obtained using MD. In addition, beetroots prepared by HPD illustrated the highest contents of betacyanin, betaxanthin and total flavonoids, which were 5.48±0.03 mg/g, 2.40±0.02 mg/g and 24.71±0.47 mg rutin equivalent/g, respectively. These results identify that it is difficult to achieve the best quality dried beetroots using a single drying method. Therefore, considering the quality attributes, the combined drying method (HPD+MVD) would be a very promising alternative method for obtaining dehydrated beetroots
Devising a methodology for X-ray image contrast enhancement by combining CLAHE and gamma correction
Authors: Omarova Gulmira , Aitkozha Zhangeldi , Sadirmekova Zhanna , Zhidekulova Gulkiz , Kazimova Dinara , Muratkhan Raikhan , Takuadina Aliya , Abdykeshova Damesh
Published: July 2022

Increasing image contrast is very important for the visual analysis of X-ray images. To improve the contrast of medical images, various contrast enhancement methods are used, such as histogram equalization and histogram modifications, gamma correction, etc. The paper explores adaptive methods for enhancing the contrast of digital X-ray images. Research was carried out on 1000 images from the open Kaggle database. Combinations of sequential application of several methods for enhancing image contrast were evaluated. Experiments using gamma image correction allowed us to select ranges of input and output parameters of the brightness conversion function. To obtain a better result, before performing gamma correction, it is proposed to use the method of equalizing the histogram of an X-ray image. Possibilities of adaptive image histogram equalization are explored. The performed experiments allow us to propose an improved version of increasing the contrast of X-ray images. Combining the adaptive histogram equalization algorithm with contrast clipping has a visually noticeable effect of improving the contrast of X-ray images. Contrast improvement is supported by objective NIQE and BRISQUE quantifications that do not require reference images. A feature of this work is the use of objective non-reference assessments to determine the quality of images. The performed experiments indicate that the NIQE score correlates better with the visual assessment of image contrast changes. As a result of the experiments, recommendations were proposed for choosing the parameters of the gamma correction and adaptive histogram equalization methods, which make it possible to enhance the contrast without the intensification of noise in the image
Using a neural network in the second stage of the ensemble classifier to improve the quality of classification of objects in images
Authors: Galchonkov Oleg , Babych Mykola , Zasidko Andrii , Poberezhnyi Serhii
Published: July 2022

Object recognition in images is used in many areas of practical use. Very often, progress in its application largely depends on the ratio of the quality of object recognition and the required amount of calculations. Recent advances in recognition are related to the development of neural network architectures with a very significant amount of computing that are trained on large data sets over a very long time on state-of-the-art computers. For many practical applications, it is not possible to collect such large datasets for training and only computing machines with limited computing power can be used. Therefore, the search for solutions that meet these practical restrictions is relevant. This paper reports an ensemble classifier, which uses stacking in the second stage. The use of significantly different classifiers in the first stage and the multilayer perceptron in the second stage has made it possible to significantly improve the ratio of the quality of classification and the required volume of calculations when training on small data sets. The current study showed that the use of a multilayer perceptron in the second stage makes it possible to reduce the error compared to the use of the second stage of majority voting. On the MNIST dataset, the error reduction was 29‒39 %. On the CIFAR-10 dataset, the error reduction was 13‒17 %. A comparison of the proposed architecture of the ensemble classifier with the architecture of the transformer-type classifier demonstrated a decrease in the volume of calculations while reducing the error. For the CIFAR-10 dataset, an error reduction of 8 % was achieved with a calculation volume of less than 22 times. For the MNIST dataset, the error reduction was 62 % when winning by the volume of calculations by 50 times
Utilization of poultry droppings in terms of non-waste technology
Authors: Hajiyev Rovshan Mustafa , Saidov Rasim , Mammadov Gabil , Allahverdiyeva Gahira , Taghiyev Urfan
Published: July 2022

The processing of poultry droppings under anaerobic conditions, in special hermetic reactors – methane tanks is considered to be the most promising technology in terms of efficiency in agrochemical, environmental, and energy fields. Organic fertilizer in the methane tank is in the form of concentrated liquid, purified from disease causatives and weed seeds. It is easily absorbed by fermented plant mass and contains macro and micronutrients, amino acids and phytohormones that stimulate the development of the plant. The rare utilization of such facilities is explained by the lack of funds for their purchase. On the other hand, it is assumed that biogas is not a dominant factor in terms of economic efficiency, and organic fertilizer is also important. In this respect, the utilization of poultry droppings has also gained practical relevance.
The paper covers the discussion of the feasibility of utilizing poultry droppings as a non-waste technology. The methodological approach is based on the evaluation of more rational technological projects. In logical modeling, the rules drawn up by highly qualified specialists are used. The rules determine how to act in a certain situation. Such rules are considered favorable for non-skilled performers. The results of the studies have allowed analyzing the dynamics of nitrogen preservation depending on the utilization technology of poultry droppings and impact factors. Based on a mathematical model, a computer methodology for research on improving the energy efficiency of a poultry farm has been developed. The number of LEDs (α=200, I0=20 kd) for a 66×12 m poultry house using a computer program N=273 pcs., the number of LEDs (α=200, I0=20 kd) for a building with dimensions of 78×18 m N=259 pcs. The design parameters of the lamps are substantiated
Development of an atrioventricular block prediction of method for portable heart monitoring system
Authors: Bekbay Ainur , Alimbayeva Zhadyra , Alimbayev Chingiz , Bayanbay Nurlan , Ozhikenov Kassymbek , Mukazhanov Yerkat
Published: July 2022

The object of the study is a portable system that allows real-time monitoring of the state of the heart for the timely provision of medical care. The task of detecting atrioventricular (AV) blocks in the conditions of free motor activity of the patient is being solved. To develop a method for detecting AV block, models of the electrical activity of the heart were used to take into account the spatiotemporal organization of the process of spreading excitation, analyze the dynamics of the behavior of the cardiovascular systems (CVS) for any value of the period of atrial excitation, and assess the degree of fitness of the CVS. The proposed method made it possible to determine the heart rate (HR) at which the development of AV block is possible. AV block of the III degree – heart rate 304 bpm; AV block of the II degree with the loss of half of the impulses – heart rate 260 bpm; AV block II degree with loss of individual impulses – heart rate 234 bpm; AV block of the 1st degree – heart rate 200 bpm. Prediction of AV block allows assessing the degree of “training” of the patient’s heart. The obtained quantitative results are consistent with the heart rate values known to modern health care. The developed method was implemented on the basis of a portable ECG monitoring system previously developed by the authors. Tests of the portable ECG monitoring system indicate an increase in the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing cardiac arrhythmia and confirm the achievement of the goal of this study: improving the efficiency of diagnostics and expanding the functionality of the portable ECG monitoring system
Improving an analytical gyroscope azimuth mode to compensate for the ballistic deviation of a marine gyrocompass
Authors: Ivanov Sergiy , Oliinyk Pavlo , Virchenko Gennadii
Published: July 2022

One of the main errors of the gyrocompass is ballistic deviance, which occurs when maneuvering a vessel. This is an important aspect related to solving the issue of navigational safety, which is the object of this research. As part of the study, it is proposed to improve the regime of analytical gyroscope azimuth to compensate for the ballistic deviance of marine gyrocompass, which is the subject of current scientific research.
When using the classic technique for reducing ballistic deviance (physical switching of the device to the mode of gyroscope azimuth), under certain conditions the gyrocompass after the maneuver may not return to the meridian and lose its performance. At the same time, classical algorithmic compensation by calculating ballistic deviance requires information from external devices, such as a lag and/or a GPS receiver (Global Positioning System). To compensate for ballistic deviance, this work has improved the mode of analytical gyroscope azimuth, designed to enhance the accuracy of the marine gyrocompass on the maneuver, by using a third-order filter accelerometer for filtration. This makes it possible to compensate for ballistic deviance and reduce intercardinal deviance during pitching. The current paper proposes a procedure for calculating the switching time between gyrocompass modes, which makes it possible to obtain the predefined value of ballistic deviance. As a result, the improved technique to reduce deviance demonstrates an accuracy comparable to the classical one. When using this technique, the loss by gyrocompass of the properties of selectivity relative to the meridian (indication of the course) is excluded because the device does not switch to a gyroscope azimuth mode.
The proposed observation device can be used on standard gyrocompasses without the need for reconfiguration and achieve the desired value of the residual error of deviance compensation (according to calculations, up to 0.3°)
Devising preventive actions in the production of broiler chickens using ultraviolet radiation for long-term storage based on risk analysis
Authors: Tungyshbayeva Ulbala , Uazhanova Raushangul , Tyutebayeva Kamilya , Balev Desislav
Published: July 2022

The development of local poultry farming and import substitution are the main solutions to ensuring the safety of products in any state. For the effective development of poultry farming, it is necessary to overcome one of the constraining factors ‒ the insufficiency of a modern safety monitoring system throughout the food chain. Especially in the development of the system of deep processing of poultry meat ‒ starting from pre-slaughter keeping, cutting, preparation of semi-finished products, etc. In this regard, the current study has considered the effect of treatment with ultraviolet radiation under a non-stationary mode at such a control-critical point as the process of pre-slaughter aging in the production of broiler chickens. Additionally, this study was conducted in order to reduce the risks of increasing microbiological hazards at the production stage. As a result of the study, intermediate production control was established, and it was proved that in order to increase the shelf life of chilled meat of broiler chickens, it is advisable to sterilize with UV radiation in doses of 200 mJ/cm to 254 mJ/cm. A reduction in the risks of reproduction of potentially pathogenic microflora in poultry meat has been achieved at a cooling temperature of the carcass from +2 °C to +25 °C for no more than 135 days of risk. Research into the microbiological indicators of slaughter products of broiler chickens makes it possible to conclude that it is possible to use a given treatment in order to improve the quality and safety of finished products. Additionally, studying the effect of ultraviolet radiation on the inactivation of a number of microorganisms is very important for reducing pathogenic microbiological indicators in intermediate production control. The data reported here make it possible to prolong the period of sale and storage of the resulting product
Characteristics investigation of composite electrochromic films based on Ni(Oh)2, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinylpyrrolidone
Authors: Kotok Valerii , Kovalenko Vadym , Mikolasek Miroslav , Ondrejka Peter , Zima Oleksandra , Anataichuk Inna , Vodopyan Dmitriy , Sukhyy Kostyantyn
Published: July 2022

The cost of electrochromic “smart” windows ranges from 200–800 USD/m2. The high cost is determined by the small volume of production and the high cost of vacuum methods for applying device layers. The development of other methods could lead to lower costs and further mass use of “smart” windows.
The paper presents the work on improving the electrochemical method of deposition of electrochromic films based on Ni(OH)2. Composite electrochromic films were deposited from Ni(NO3)2 solutions with the addition of water-soluble polymers – polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and mixtures thereof. Two PVA grades and one PVP grade were used in the experiments. As a result, six films were obtained from solutions of different compositions and concentrations of polymers.
An investigation of the optical properties of the films in the initial state showed that there is no intense absorption of light in the entire visible spectrum and the transmission corresponds to a glass substrate. Thus, the formed electrochromic films will not produce tints and visible light absorption in the finished electrochromic element.
The electrochemical and electrochromic characteristics of the films differed significantly depending on the amount and specific polymers used. The film obtained from a solution containing PVA grade 24-99 was the most electrochemically active, while the best electrochromic characteristics were in the film deposited from a solution of a mixture of PVP grade 24-99 and PVP. Moreover, the films obtained in solutions containing separately PVA grade 24-99 and PVP had worse electrochromic characteristics, and the electrochemical characteristics were the same or worse relative to the film obtained in a mixture of polymers.
The results of the method of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed compliance with the found electrochromic and electrochemical characteristics of the formed films.
Determining the effect of fire from external air conditioning units on buildings' facades
Authors: Ballo Yaroslav , Yakovchuk Roman , Nizhnyk Vadym , Borysova Anna
Published: July 2022

This paper considers the issue of assessing the possible impact of fire in external air conditioning units on the evolution of façade fires using the example of a typical façade of the building. Current methods for assessing the effectiveness of limiting the spread of façade fires do not take into account the possibility of external fire load. Existing methods of studying the effects of combustible components in façade systems are intended only to investigate the reaction to the fire of façade systems. At the same time, it should be understood that modern façade systems include additional components that not only have a significant fire load but can be the cause of a fire. Taking that into consideration, a study was conducted on the impact of a possible fire of external air conditioning units on the development of its evolution by vertical structures in buildings. During the FDS modeling, the possibility of facing materials from a low combustibility group, which are typical for modern façade systems, is taken into account. Analysis of the fire load of the components included in the design of air conditioning units has made it possible to recreate the model of the combustion reaction of the main components and determine the value of its maximum intensity. The data on the thermal distributions on the surface of the façade made it possible to make assumptions about the necessary structural parameters that should be observed when determining the places of installation of baskets for air conditioners. The established dependences are a prerequisite for revising the criteria for assessing the potential fire danger of façade systems, which may include additional engineering systems. The derived dependences will make it possible to revise approaches to existing field procedures for assessing the fire danger of façade systems. The practical result of the implementation of these data may be amendments to building codes to increase the level of fire protection of façade systems and buildings in general
Ensuring the economic and environmental efficiency in managing the flows of construction and demolition waste by using tools of economic and mathematical modeling
Authors: Shuvaiev Anton , Arutiunian Irina , Anin Victor , Ichetovkin Artem , Sylenko Serhii
Published: July 2022

This paper argues that in the context of transformation from the linear to circular model of the economy, the issues of managing the flow of construction and demolition waste (C&DW) are becoming increasingly relevant, which is primarily due to the increase in prices for building materials, as well as resource saving and interest of stakeholders in the creation of eco-cities.
The tools and methods to manage C&DW flows have been examined in the context of simultaneous ensuring the environmental and economic efficiency of the process. It is substantiated that the expediency of implementing the C&DW flow management process exists only within the framework of the system of integrated management of waste flows from construction and demolition of real estate in compliance with logistical principles and coverage of the interests of all stakeholders of the process.
Tools, methods to forecast and plan C&DW volumes within IFMS have been proposed, which contributed to the construction of a model for forecasting the volume of C&DW formation and, therefore, determining the amount of total costs for the creation of appropriate technological capacities; the development of a model for assessing information risks in the process of logistics management of C&DW flows (based on solving the transport problem according to Kolmogorov's differentiated equations) and constructing an algorithm for its application, the introduction of which in practice will ensure the balancing of the interests of each stakeholder interested in the processing of C&DW; solving the problem of synthesis of reducing the cost of managing C&DW flows and reducing environmental pressure. In order to combine the goals of minimizing costs and minimizing environmental damage within the framework of SIWFM, a two-purpose dynamic optimization model is proposed, as well as restrictions on the possibility of its introduction and validation of this study's results. It is substantiated that the tools and methods of economic and mathematical modeling proposed in the current study could solve an important scientific and practical task to effectively manage C&DW flows
Formation of scientific and methodological aspects of evaluation transformation of targets economic development of countries
Authors: Al-Ababneh Hassan Ali , Al-Dhaimesh Hel , Alshira’h Ahmad Farhan , Alibraheem Mohammad Haider , Mugableh Mohamed Ibrahim , Alhosban Amal , Katuse Paul , Vasylyshyna Liubov , Popova Olga , Mizina Olena
Published: July 2022

The main purpose of the study is to develop scientific and methodological aspects of assessing the transformation of the target indicators of the economic development of countries, the argumentation of the impact of information technology on the economic growth of countries using the tools of multidimensional cluster analysis. The object of the study is the models of economic development of countries and the assessment of the impact of ICT on them. The relevance and necessity of studying this issue lies in the development of scientific and methodological aspects for assessing the transformation of the target indicators of the economic development of countries. The main results of the study are characterized by the following:
the main types of modern economic models are systematized, which made it possible to highlight their features and specifics of application in different countries of the world, depending on the political and socio-economic directions of development; it is substantiated that the key factor of sustainable development of the country is economic growth; for the first time, the specifics of the transformation of the main indicators of the economic development of countries under the influence of innovative information technologies are argued. The presented results made it possible to form the scientific and methodological aspects of conducting a multidimensional cluster analysis of the transformation of the target indicators of the economic development of countries, which ensured the identification of homogeneous groups of clusters of countries by the level of economic development (global indices of economic development of countries), taking into account the peculiarities of their functioning and development strategies. The practical application of the research results will ensure the effectiveness of the formation of economic policies and strategies for the economic development of countries, taking into account the application of the developed scientific and methodological aspects
Application of mathematical methods and machine learning algorithms for classification of X-ray images
Authors: Shekerbek Ainur , Serikbayeva Sandugash , Tulenbayev Murat , Bakanov Galitdin , Beglerova Svetlana , Makovetskaya Anastassiya
Published: July 2022

The relevance of the topic, in particular, if to take one of the information flows, whether it is the action of a human factor or a specific object, then it is true that special processing of the machine learning language and automatic information output significantly optimize human life. With the help of neural networks and their chest radiography is one of the most accessible radiological studies for screening and diagnosis of many lung diseases a special machine learning language is to study the flow of information about it and the same object in real time using neural networks.
The article describes the terminology of the problem of X-ray recognition using machine learning methods and algorithms, examines the relevance of the problem, and analyzes the current state of the problem in the field of X-ray recognition. The aspects of the problem being solved, identified during the analysis, in the form of solved problems, approaches, methods, information technologies used, tools and software solutions to the problem are noted
The paper is devoted to the description of a modified method of fuzzy clustering of halftone images, which at each iteration performs a dynamic transformation of the source data based on a singular decomposition with automatic selection of the most significant columns of the matrix of left singular vectors. The results of experimental studies were obtained by processing X-ray images.
As a result of testing a neural network model, in the output layer of which a sigmoidal activation function was used to activate neurons, and an algorithm was used as an optimization method, the best values of accuracy and completeness were obtained: accuracy – 94.2 During testing, the neural network showed an accuracy of pneumonia recognition equal to 94,27 %
Development of the method of increasing the efficiency of information transfer in the special purpose networks
Authors: Sova Oleg , Radzivilov Hryhorii , Shyshatskyi Andrii , Shevchenko Dmytro , Molodetskyi Bohdan , Stryhun Vitalii , Yivzhenko Yurii , Stepanenko Yevhen , Protas Nadiia , Nalapko Oleksii
Published: July 2022

The features of modern military conflicts require significantly increasing requirements for the efficiency of determining a rational route for the transmission of information. It is necessary to develop algorithms (methods and techniques) that are able for a limited time and with a high degree of reliability to determine the rational route of information transmission in complex hierarchical information transmission systems. The following tasks were solved in the research: the task of information transfer in special purpose networks was set; the algorithm of realization of a method of efficiency increase of information transfer is defined; simulation of the process of information transfer in the communication networks of a group of troops (forces) was carried out. The essence of the proposed method is to use the ant algorithm and their further training.
The method has the following sequence of actions: input of initial data; determining the degree of uncertainty and noise of the original data, determining the set of acceptable solutions, determining belonging to a certain class. The next step is to determine the route of information transfer, taking into account the impact of destabilizing factors, taking into account computing power and training ants.
The novelty of the method is to take into account the type of uncertainty and noise in the data and take into account the available computing resources of the communication network. The novelty of the method also lies in the use of advanced training procedures using the apparatus of evolving artificial neural networks and selective use of system resources by connecting only the required number of agents (ants).
The method allows to build a rational route of information transfer taking into account the influence of destabilizing factors. The use of the method allows to achieve an increase in the efficiency of information transfer at the level of 11-16% through the use of additional advanced procedures
Development of technology for obtaining coal-water fuel
Authors: Nussupbekov Bekbolat , Khassenov Ayanbergen , Nussupbekov Ulan , Akhmadiyev Bektursin , Karabekova Dana , Kutum Bayan , Tanasheva Nazgul
Published: July 2022

The object of the study is coal sludge and coal fines of the Shubarkol deposit and the Kuznetsk coal basin (Republic of Kazakhstan) for the production of coal-water fuel, which allows replacing liquid and gaseous expensive products. The resulting fuel (after treatment of coal seams and burial) from industrial waste should not harm the environment, which requires certain economic investments. For crushing coal and coal sludge in the crushing and grinding unit, an electrohydroimpulse device for fine grinding of materials was used, consisting of a control unit with a protection system, a pulse capacitor and a high-voltage generator (capacitor bank capacity 0.75 µF, pulse discharge voltage 15–30 kV, length of the interelectrode distance 7–10 mm). After grinding, fine coal particles rise to the surface of the water, and impurities settle at the bottom of the device, which allows enriching the product (flotation). Surface structures and coal fraction sizes were obtained using a Tescan Mira 3 scanning electron microscope. The main characteristics of coal-water fuel during vortex combustion were: the diameter of the fraction 0–250 microns – 63–74 %, process water – 36–24 %, special additive – 1–2 %. Coal-water fuel is similar to liquid fuel, and when transferring heat-generating plants to combustion of suspension, no significant changes in the design of boilers (units) are required. This makes it easy to mechanize and automate the processes of receiving, feeding and burning fuel, and the vortex combustion technology at a temperature of 950–1,050 °C guarantees fuel efficiency of more than 97 %. The given optimal parameters of electrohydroimpulse technology when introduced into production will allow not only grinding, but also enriching the coal product
Determining the rational parameters for processing spent etching solutions by ferritization using alternating magnetic fields
Authors: Kochetov Gennadii , Samchenko Dmitry , Lastivka Oles , Derecha Dmitry
Published: July 2022

This paper reports the results of studying the application of a ferritization method for the integrated purification of used etching solutions. A feature of this work is the use of energy-saving activation of the process by alternating magnetic fields. Its advantages are shown in comparison with traditional thermal activation. The influence of magnetic induction amplitude and key technological parameters of ferritization on the quality of cleaning an etching solution has been studied. The qualitative and quantitative composition of sediments obtained after the ferritization of etching solutions was investigated.
Used etching solutions are large-tonnage waste of industrial enterprises. They contain harmful pollutants that have a detrimental effect on the environment. It is promising to treat these solutions in order to obtain valuable commodity products.
It is established that with an optimal value of magnetic induction amplitude of 0.1 Tl, the degree of extraction of iron ions from the solution reaches a value of 99.99 %. The best values for the main technological parameters of the process have been determined: the concentration of iron ions in the reaction mixture is 6.6 g/dm3; pH, 11.5; the duration of ferritization is 15 min. The residual concentration of iron ions in purified solutions does not exceed 0.3 mg/dm3. Thus, according to the norms of current standards, they can be reused in production. Comparative analysis indicates the advantages of electromagnetic activation of the reaction mixture. The phases of magnetite Fe3O4 and iron monohydrate δ ‒ FeOОН were detected by the method of X-ray phase analysis in ferritization sediments. It is established that with an amplitude of 0.1 Tl, the sediment contains only magnetite. The study's results indicate the possibility of further use of sediments for the manufacture of important ferromagnetic substances.
The application of the improved ferritization process in production will achieve less energy consumption compared to well-known processing technologies
Ensuring the seismic resistance of a building using a geotechnical seismic insulating screen
Authors: Bessimbayev Yerik , Zhambakina Zauresh , Niyetbay Sayat
Published: July 2022

This paper considers the issue related to the protection of buildings and structures against seismic influences and the prevention, exclusion, or reduction of seismic hazards. The catastrophic destruction of modern «earthquake-resistant» buildings in Turkey and Taiwan has shown that existing methods of strengthening and reinforcing structures are not perfect and require further study. Analysis of existing approaches to ensuring seismic resistance showed that seismic insulation and seismic suppression systems still do not have a scientific and technical justification for the effectiveness of their operation from the point of view of ensuring the stability of structures. The estimation-dynamic models of the «base-seismic insulation-structure» system developed to date do not always make it possible to simulate the joint work of their interaction during an earthquake and account for the transformation of the seismic impact on the structure. An alternative technique has been devised, a geotechnical seismic insulation screen, as a seismic insulation system that reduces the intensity of seismic loads on the structure and ensures its seismic resistance. In a specific example, the effectiveness of this seismic insulation system is confirmed. This seismic insulation technique in the form of damper screens is characterized by reliability and manufacturability in ensuring the seismic resistance of objects under construction.
The results of computational and experimental modeling of the interaction of an earthquake-insulated structure with a ground base found that the values of axial forces and bending moments in a building with a seismic insulating screen are less than in a building without seismic insulation by 30‒40 %.
The geotechnical seismic insulation screen makes it possible to advance the development of new seismic insulation techniques and determine their effectiveness. This technique will also be effective when strengthening the base and seismic insulation systems of historical monuments, protecting them against seismic and dynamic influences.
Using deep learning to design an intelligent controller for street lighting and power consumption
Authors: Bakri Bilal Ibrahim , Abid Yaser M. , Ali Ghaidaa Ahmed , Mahdi Mohammed Salih , Omran Alaa Hamza , Jaber Mustafa Musa , Jalil Mustafa A. , Kadhim Roula AJ.
Published: July 2022

Street lighting is very important now-days especially at dangerous areas and highways but it consume a lot of power and it became challenging for many researchers in the past few years. Enormous efforts have been placed on the issue of reducing power consumption in illuminating cities and streets, researchers had various approaches and methods in tackling this challenging matter, till now there is no ideal system that has been developed to reduce the electricity usage. In this paper intelligent controller based on deep learning proposed to control the light at the street from sunset to sunrise, the system will decrease the light used to illuminate the streets in the absence of movements, the network trained based on deep learning with several image of different objects to help the system detecting any moving objects in the street to provide the street with the exact amount of light needed in order to reduce the waste of electrical energy resulting from street lighting and to help reduce accidents hence high percentage of criminal activity and life threatening conditions occur in the absence of light. The system was trained with a vast and diverse dataset to assure the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed system, the trained system showed a result of 90 precision of detecting moving objects, the proposed system was tested with a new dataset to assure the reliability and dependency of the system and reducing the errors to the minimum, the system shows promising results in detecting movements and objects, after the detection being complete, the system will send a pulse width modulation causing a 20 % light dimming, leading to enormous reduction in the power consumption, adding to that the proposed system is easy to use
Devising resource-saving technologies for the production of casting from magnesium alloys using waste of metallurgical enterprises
Authors: Shalomeev Vadim , Greshta Viktor , Liutova Olga , Bovkun Svitlana
Published: July 2022

Based on the study of the chemical composition and analysis of the physicochemical properties of waste from a number of metallurgical enterprises in the Zaporizhzhya region, the possibility of using waste as charge materials for the production of magnesium-based alloys has been established.
The possibility of using solid salt chlorinator melt (SCM) from ZTMC as a flux in the smelting of magnesium alloy instead of the flux VI-2 has been studied; its effect on the structure and mechanical properties of casting was investigated. The technological possibility of using these chloride wastes in the smelting of the ML5 alloy is shown. It was established that the use of SCM as a flux in the smelting of magnesium alloy contributes to the grinding of the structure and improvement of the mechanical properties of the metal of experimental smelting.
The possibility of modification of foundry magnesium alloy with graphite powder (GP), which is the waste from JSC "Ukrgrafit", is investigated. It is shown that the optimal GP additive in the volume of 0.05...0.3 % contributes to the grinding of metal grain and increases its strength characteristics due to additional strengthening of both solid solution and eutectoid. It is established that carbon changes the parameters of eutectic transformation, as a result of which, with an increase in its concentration in the alloy, the volume of eutectoid of type δ+γ (Mg4Al3) decreases markedly.
Testing the proposed waste for the smelting of the M5 alloy showed that no changes in melting technology are required while the environmental safety of the devised technological process meets the established standards; their quality was improved while increasing the strength limit by 25 %, and plasticity by 30 %.
At the same time, the use of waste in the smelting of magnesium alloys can reduce costs in its production, and improve the environmental situation due to the fact that waste is not disposed of at landfills but reused in metallurgical industries
Development of methods for evaluating the effectiveness of smart cities under the conditions of digitalization of city governance
Authors: Dunayev Igor , Petrovska Iryna , Safronova Olha , Darovanets Oleksandr , Darovanets Kateryna , Mital Оlena , Nosyriev Oleksandr
Published: July 2022

This paper considers the processes of digitalization of urban management, which forms the prerequisites for solving the problem of the development of the concept of smart cities. As a result, the historical aspects of the formation of the Smart City concept are distinguished. Based on this, elements of the Smart City concept are highlighted at the present stage, such as vision, ecosystem, management, technological background, and financing. Generalization of the results of the study of the processes of digitalization of smart city management has made it possible to distinguish its traditional components, which include transport, energy, utilities, urban environment, security, and "smart" house. In order to ensure effective monitoring of the implementation and development of digital services in the smart city management system, it is proposed to use "city smartophores". The systematization of the Smart City formation experience provided an opportunity to distinguish the relevant models of digitalization of urban governance – decentralized, centralized, and local. The scope of application, initiators, advantages and disadvantages, and prospects for the development of each of them are determined. Unlike other results of the study of the effectiveness of the development of smart cities, it is suggested that the most vivid picture of ensuring a comfortable life in the city is demonstrated by the size of its population. It is proved that it is in the developed cities of any country in the world that there are positive rates of population growth. Quantitative criteria for determining the upper and lower limits of the efficiency of smart city development according to the selected indicator have been developed. The practical application of the results of the study is the possibility of predicting further directions of development of the smart city based on a quantitative assessment of the level of its digital transformation
Phytochemicals profile and in-vitro antidiabetic potentials of fractionated extracts of Entada Africana and Leptadenia Hastata
Authors: Adewole Ezekiel , Yusuf Bashira , Ebitimitula Ogola-Emma , Ojo Abiodun , Adewumi Deborah Funmilayo , Oludoro Oluwatosin , Akinwale Hope , Adejori Abiodun , Oyinloye Babatunji E.
Published: July 2022

Aim: To confirm their use in the management of diabetes and to determine the numerous phytochemicals present that may be connected to the active performance of the plants, the fractionated extracts of Leptadenia hastata and Entada africana were subjected to an in vitro experiment.
Material and methods: The plant leaves were dried, pulverized with a Sumeet CM/L 2128945 grinder, the particle size was 45.85 μm and extracted with methanol. The crude extracts were fractionated using a 30×8 cm diameter column and 60g of silica gel 60 F254 grade, using methanol as eluent and fractions were concentrated using a rotary evaporator, the fractionated extracts were run on thin layer Chromatographic plate (TLC) and their retardation factors (RF) were determined. Fractions of similar RF were pulled together and spotted again using TLC plate and the final (RF) were calculated. The crude extracts were quantified for the content of phytochemicals and the phytochemicals present in the fractionated extracts (LH1 and EA2) were identified using HPLC-UV detector. The extracts (LH1 and EA2) were tested for antidiabetic potentials using α -glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes in an in-vitro antidiabetic assay.
Results: The yields of the fractionated extracts were 10.0 mg (Leptadenia hastata) and 11.5.0 mg (Entada Africana) and designated as LH1 and EA2, the RF for LH1 and EA2 were 0.75±0.01 and 0.77±0.03 respectively. The maximum amount of alkaloid was found in E. Africana (14.50±0.25 mg/g), while tannin was not found in L. Hastata. In the portion of L. Hastata (LH1), thirteen phytochemicals were discovered and out of these three were alkaloids. Thirteen phytochemicals were found in the E. Africana fraction (EA2), with eight of them being alkaloids and flavonoids. When compared to the usual acarbose, the plants' anti-diabetic properties were superior. EA2 had EC50 of 0.950.17 g/ml (α-amylase) and 0.970.41 g/ml (α-glucosidase), while LH1 had EC50 of 1.00±0.11 g/ml (α-amylase) and 0.90±0.35 g/ml (α-glucosidase). The presence of the detected phytochemicals may be linked to the active qualities of the plants' leaves.
Conclusion: The phytochemical profile of fractionated extracts classified as flavonoids and alkaloids are stated to be antidiabetic agents, and this has proved that the researched plants have antidiabetic potential
Preventive activity with children registered with the police
Authors: Kapuliak Vitalii , Kovalova Olena
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes the problematic issues of preventive work with children in conflict with the law, who are registered with the police, and conducts a scientific search for possible solutions. Based on the analysis of the scientific literature, it was established, that the organizational and legal support of preventive activities of juvenile police officers with children who are registered with the police needs to be improved. A systematic approach to the study of regulatory and legal support of preventive activities of juvenile police allowed to identify its main stages and taking into account the personal experience of the authors in the field of juvenile prevention to analyze the organizational and legal aspects of each. As a result of the research, the challenges, faced by juvenile police officers during preventive work with children who are registered with the police, were identified, and the legal and organizational directions for overcoming them were proposed. The legal direction includes: review of the grounds for preventive registration of a child, including in cases of release of the child from liability due to insignificance, non-attainment of the age of administrative responsibility by the child, the use of courts in accordance with Art. 24-1 UCaO measures of educational influence; introduction of a form of risk assessment of recidivism by a child, registered with the police; establishing responsibility for non-compliance with the conditions of preventive registration; providing for the obligation to agree on preventive measures in the event that a child is simultaneously registered with the police, children's services and/or probation authorities; determination of the grounds and procedure for extending the term of a child's stay on preventive registration. The organizational direction provides for: the need to develop guidelines for juvenile police officers on the specifics of drawing up a plan of individual work and taking measures of individual prevention based on the results of risk assessment of offenses; development of training programs and training of juvenile police officers to conduct individual prevention activities to work with children who are registered with the police; creation of child-friendly places in police departments for individual prevention measures. The importance of changing the paradigm of perception of preventive accounting of the police from punitive to prophylactic tools, aimed at eliminating the causes and conditions of children's offenses, is emphasized