bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Scholar between Versatility and Specialization. Review of the Book by Peter Burke “The Polymath: A Cultural History from Leonardo da Vinci to Susan Sontag”
Authors: Egerev Sergey
Published: March 2023

The book by the famous British mediaevalist Peter Burke is perhaps the first detailed historical study of the phenomenon of versatile giftedness. The review notes the importance of the monograph. P. Burke has collected unique historical material about researchers of different centuries, who had wide interests and worked in interdisciplinary directions. It is shown that the information crises that have arisen in society throughout history were changing the practice of interaction between generalists and narrow scholars. An important observation about the convergence of the roles of polymaths and specialists in the course of scientific and technological development of society is made. The book is addressed to all those interested in the general history of science and the social history of the scientific community.
The Status of a Young Scientist: Between State Priority and Uncertainty
Authors: Ivanchenko Olga
Published: March 2023

The article examines the current paradox of the uncertainty of the status of young scientists in the context of the proclaimed state strategic importance of this socio-professional group. Based on the institutional and resource approach, the specific features of the status of young scientists and its group-forming criteria are characterized. Based on a systematic analysis of both existing regulatory legal acts and draft laws proposing to streamline and consolidate the concept of a young scientist in the legal field, the limitations of the proposed definitions of the concept of “young scientist” and its status positions have been revealed. The consequences of the uncertainty of the status of young scientists are indicated. The author's conceptualization of the socio-professional and legal status of young scientists is proposed.
Synergism of Scientific Teams in the Reflection of Scientometrics
Authors: Romanov Dmitry , Gerashchenko Alexander , Shaposhnikov Valery
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the study is to identify and substantiate the criteria for synergistic interaction of employees within the research team. The object of research is the scientific activity of micro–collectives (department collectives), the subject of research is the success of cooperation within collectives. Scientific cooperation is an important factor in increasing the success (efficiency) of research activities and obtaining high-quality scientific results. Efficiency of any activity, including research activity, is increased by means of synergistic interaction (the results of which can be presented as 1 + 1> 2). The authors consider synergistic interaction as a way of performing research activities by scientific teams based on cooperation as a factor in obtainingresults impossible without this interaction. The parameters reflecting the synergism of the research activities of scientific teams are its criteria as the subject of the specified activity (first of all, organizational readiness). Taking into account these parameters, the analysis of research activity results (reflected in publication activity and citation rate) achieved by academic researchers from higher educational institutions of the Krasnodar Territory (one of the federal subjects of Russia) is performed. The authors present their models and methods for the assessment of synergistic interaction within scientific teams. Primary mathematical modelsbased on set theory are proposed for the scientific team and its activities. Some difficulties in assessing the synergism of scientific teams – the impossibility to accurately assess the rating of scientific publications, malfunction of automated scientometric databases, problems with identifying the specific contribution of each author’s specific contribution, faked scientific activity, retraction of publications – are noted. Methodological foundations of the research: synergetic approach (considers scientific cooperation as a synergistic process leading to an increase in the effectiveness of research activities), systematic approach (considers the diagnosis of scientific cooperation as an integral component of monitoring research activities), sociological approach (considers the research team as a social system and environment for a researcher), qualimetric approach (proclaims the need for multi-criteria diagnostics of synergistic interaction within a research team) and probabilistic-statistical approach (considers the diagnosis of scientific cooperation as a statistical measurement based on the processing of primary information). Research methods: analysis of scientific literature, modeling, methods of set theory and graphs, methods of qualimetry, methods of mathematical statistics, including the method of rocky scree, on the basis of which the well-known Hirsch index iscalculated, methods of linear algebra.
Youth and Peacebuilding: Policy Implications of Conflict Resolution in Africa
Authors: Akinyetun Tope Shola , Bakare Kola , Adedini Sarah Olufunmilayo
Published: March 2023

Promoting sustainable peace is a major concern for world regions, especially one enmeshed in recurring conflict and violence, such as in Africa. Ethnoreligious conflicts, boundary disputes, genocide, resource-based conflicts, and youth restiveness characterize many African nations. This idea has been made intricate by a surge in the youth population, massive unemployment, limited education opportunities, and widespread poverty that makes youth key factors in the generation of conflict in Africa. Despite these challenges, the youth of many African nations have distinguished themselves as agents of peace and conflict resolution. On this premise, this article examines youth as agents of peace and reconciliation in Africa. The paper adopts a thematic approach within a qualitative framework and relies on secondary data from briefs, newspapers, conference papers, government reports, and peer-reviewed journal articles. The paper found that shifting focus from the stereotypical prejudice of youth as agents of conflict to agents of peace is instrumental to unlocking their potential as actors in Africa's peace process and conflict resolution. It was also found that youth promote peace and inclusion through advocacy and civic engagement. They use tools such as music, arts, sports, education, storytelling, and interfaith dialogue to build cohesion, resilience, peace, and trust in various parts of Africa. Resultantly, the article made practical policy recommendations such as the establishment of an African Youth Assembly (AYA), African Youth Parliaments (AYP), Youth Participation Commission (YPC), and Youth Empowerment Commission (YEC) – among others.
Keywords: Conflict, Governance, Inclusion, Peacebuilding, Youth
The specifics of the embodiment of the author’s mask in the novel by V.P. Aksenova “Burn”
Authors: Osmukhina Olga Yu. , Kadeeva Regina A.
Published: March 2023

The specifics of the functioning of the author’s mask in the novel by V.P. Aksenov “Burn”. The author’s mask is considered as a means of positioning the author in the text. The concepts of “author’, “narrator”, “author’s mask” were used for the analysis. For the first time, the phenomenon of the author's mask in the novel “The Burn” was subjected to a holistic study. As a result of the study, it was found that in the novel by V.P. Aksenov, thanks to the branched system of author’s masks, a complex and multidimensional narrative space is created. Through the mask as an image of a “possible other”, the prose writer comprehends the topics provocative for the aesthetics of late socialism: the relationship of the artist with the authorities, the homeland, the existence of a creative personality in a totalitarian state. The system of Apollinarievich’s author’s masks demonstrates not only the possible options for the personal fate of the “author of the real”, but also the behavioral strategy for the survival of a thinking and thinking intellectual within the framework of a totalitarian system. The author’s mask of Tolya von Steinbock is introduced by Aksenov into the novel in order to fully reflect his own “Magadan” childhood, to present a complex psychological self-portrait. The key means of creating author's masks are, firstly, numerous autobiographical parallels and correspondences generated by the total reflection of the prose writer about himself; secondly, steady transitions from the first person to the third and, on the contrary, confusing the reader and turning the text into an experimental space of a literary game. The research materials and general conclusions can be used in university courses in the history of Russian literature of the twentieth century, special courses and special seminars dedicated to the work of V. Aksenov. Since the author’s mask is becoming quite a common technique in postmodern literature, the methodology used is quite applicable to comprehend the prose of the 1990s–2000s, where there is a play with the author’s “voices” (V. Pelevin, V. Sorokin, A. Kabakov and others.).
Mythopoetics and artistic intertextuality of Tamara Kryukova’s fairy tale “Prisoner of the Mirror”
Authors: Elepova Marina Yu. , Kabanova Natalia G.
Published: March 2023

T. Kryukova’s fairy tale “Prisoner of the mirror”, the central part of the tetralogy about Queen Zlata and Moon Knight, accumulates various mythological, folklore and literary models. It contains various forms of literary intertextuality, the most important role for understanding the hidden meanings of a fairy tale is played by mythopoetic images and representative allusions. The leitmotif of the looking-glass world, which is the main one for the fairy tale “Prisoner of the mirror”, continues the traditions of ancient mythology, and then Russian and European literature of the 19th–20th centuries, representing the world in a reflected form. The phenomenon of the dialogue of text with other texts, proposed by M.M. Bakhtin, makes it possible to reveal the deep content layers of the work in question. The technique of mythological bricolage, which is manifested in the use of characters and plot moves of ancient Greek mythology, makes it possible to demonstrate, according to Bakhtin, the “holiday of the meaning revival”: the characters of ancient myths Pan, Narcissus symbolize the demonic beginning and the hopelessness of sin, with the exception of the nymph Echo, who appears as the personification of selfless love and acts in an unusual role for her mythological status as a magical assistant to children. In the fairy tale there is also a mixture of heterogeneous characters, some combine the features of an ancient prototype and a character of Russian folklore (Odarka). The traditional characters of Russian folk tales (Bear, Fox, Cat) receive a new status of arbiters of judgment and punishment. Reminiscences from the fairy tales of Ch. Perrault and H.-C. Andersen, L. Carroll and V. Gubarev complicate the artistic drawing of the work. The fate theme, fate, which runs through the work, undergoes a serious transformation in the fairy tale. In ancient fate, as the plot develops, the features of divine providence in the Christian sense become more and more distinct. The position of Varga, who denies personal guilt and responsibility for sin, appears as untenable, the image of the Mirror of Judgment directly refers the reader to the ethical teachings of Christianity. Fairy tale discourse allows the author to declare the Christian paradigm of moral values in a complex interaction of borrowed and original characters, motives, plot moves.
Between utopia and tragedy: the convergence of Faustian motif of “homunculus” and the key images of the novel “Doctor Zhivago” by B. Pasternak
Authors: Kornienko Sergei A. , Afanas’eva Oksana V.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of study is to identify the semantic and figurative parallels of the second part of Goethe’s “Faust” and B.L. Pasternak’s novel “Doctor Zhivago”. The subject of study is the influence of Goethe’s text on the text of Pasternak, who started writing the novel simultaneously with the completion of Faust translation. The relevance of study is due to the significant interest of Russian literary criticism in translations performed by poets and prose writers of the 20th century and, in this regard, the study of conscious and unconscious intertextual dialogue penetrating into the author’s work of writers-translators. Using the comparative-historical and structural-semantic method, the “double optics” of writing “Doctor Zhivago” is revealed: the novel was created under the influence of the mystical text of the second part of Faust encrypted by the author and, in a certain sense, is a continuation of Faust on Russian soil. We prove that the two texts have homologous key themes: the theme of new people, revealed by Goethe in the images of Euphorion and the homunculus, Pasternak – in the images of the heroes of the novel by Yuri Zhivago and Pavel Antipov. We formulate semantic parallels between the image of the homunculus and the understanding of the Russian revolution as a whole: it is proved that reading the text “through Goethe” is a fruitful semantic key to Pasternak’s text.
Fake information markers in COVID-19 news
Authors: Bitkova Valeria V.
Published: March 2023

The relevance of the study is due to the interest of modern linguistics in the phenomenon of fake, the need for its comprehensive understanding and description. The aim of the work is to study the spread of fake information in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to create a classification of fake information markers based on the study of I.A. Sternin and A.M. Shesterina. For the analysis of fakes, the database “Fake News in Social Networks and Media” was created, the material was 252 Internet texts containing false statements about COVID-19 from January 2020 to February 2022. Texts were collected using a continuous sampling method, sources for collecting material served as social networks and media sites. All fragments are divided into six groups by content: “Vaccination” (32 %), “Conspiracy Theories” (20 %), “International News” (18 %), “Panic Reports and Warnings” (14 %), “Pseudo-medical advice” (9 %), “Reports of confirmed cases/deaths” (7 %). In addition, the distribution of fakes in each year is considered. In the above fragments of fakes, the following groups of typical markers of fake information were identified: Formal markers, Content markers, Lexical markers, Pragmatic markers, Information sources, Argumentation. Examples from the database are selected for each marker.
Problems of ethical communication in computer-mediated communication
Authors: Kovtunenko Inna V.
Published: March 2023

The problem associated with determining when interpersonal interaction of interlocutors in the format of computer-mediated communication leads to unethical verbal behavior and why this form of behavior is realized is analyzed. Based on the theoretical concept of B.N. Miroshnikov about the relationship between the Internet and society, it was not only found out why the interlocutors choose specific means of computer-mediated communication, but also the nature of the influence of this choice on the maintenance of interpersonal relationships and the ethical problems that could potentially arise in this case are traced. During the statistical analysis of the data obtained by the method of questionnaire survey, it was found that we can talk about external factors that influence the behavioral reactions of interlocutors in the course of communicative interaction. The choice of communication strategies aimed at maintaining interpersonal relationships with the addressee may be the result of the speaker’s increased awareness of his partner, the current communication environment, and the ability to adapt to this environment accordingly. Participants in virtual communication use a variety of methods to maintain communicative contact, depending on such factors as the psychological personality of the addressee. It is concluded that this factor is of particular importance in the course of maintaining fatal contact with an unfamiliar interlocutor in the format of computer-mediated communication.
Xerostomia and dysgeusia in the elderly
Authors: Guimarães Danielly de Mendonça , Parro Yeda Maria , Muller Herick Sampaio , Coelho Eduardo Barbosa , Martins Vicente de Paulo , Santana Rafael , Lia Érica Negrini
Published: March 2023

Xerostomia is defined as the perception of dry mouth, and dysgeusia, as a change in taste. Both are common complaints in the elderly, especially among those making use of polypharmacy drug combinations. Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of xerostomia and dysgeusia and to investigate their association with polypharmacy in the elderly. Methods: older people under follow-up at the Multidisciplinary Elderly Center of the University Hospital of Brasília were interviewed and asked about health problems, medications used, presence of xerostomia and dysgeusia. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the prevalence of the symptoms surveyed. The chi-square test was used to investigate the relationship between xerostomia and dysgeusia and polypharmacy. Secondary associations were performed using binomial logistic regression. Results: Ninety-six older people were evaluated and of these, 62.5% had xerostomia and 21.1%, had dysgeusia. The average number of medications used was 4±3 medications per individual. Polypharmacy was associated with xerostomia but not dysgeusia. It was possible to associate xerostomia with the use of antihypertensive drugs. Conclusion: Xerostomia was a frequent complaint among elderly people making use of polypharmacy, especially those using antihypertensives. Antihypertensives and antidepressants were used most drugs by the elderly and exhibited interactions with drugs most prescribed in Dentistry. Two contraindications were found between fluconazole and mirtazapine; and between erythromycin and simvastatin.
Pendaftaran Tanah Bekas Tanah Partikelir
Authors: Sekarmadji Agus
Published: March 2023

Pada masa Pemerintahan Hindia Belanda terdapat dualisme hukum di bidang pertanahan, ada tanah yang tunduk pada hukum adat dan ada tanah yang tunduk pada hukum barat. Salah satu hak atas tanah yang tunduk pada hukum barat adalah tanah Hak Eigendom Patikelir atau sering disebut Tanah Partikelir Partikelir. Permasalahan yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah terkait eksistensi dan status tanah bekas tanah partikelir dan pihak yang berhak mengajukan permohonan pendaftaran tanah bekas tanah partikelir tersebut. Pendekatan masalah yang digunakan adalah pendekatan perundang undangan, pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan studi kasus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa eksistensi tanah partikelir sudah dihapus dengan UU No. 1 Tahun 1958 dan status tanahnya dinyatakan sebagai tanah negara. Pihak yang berhak mengajukan permohonan hak dan pendaftarannya untuk tanah bekas partikelir bagian tanah kongsi adalah Pemerintah Desa atau Pemerintah Daerah setempat jika Desa tersebut telah berubah menjadi kelurahan. Sedangkan bagian tanah bekas partikelir yang merupakan tanah usaha maka pihak yang mampu menunjukkan Surat Tanda Bukti Hak Milik yang diterbitkan berdasarkan Pasal 5 UU No. 1 Tahun 1958 adalah pihak yang berhak mengajukan permohonan hak dan mendaftarkannya.
Ratio Legis Pemberian Hak Milik untuk Rumah Toko: Sebuah Evolusi Hukum
Authors: Sumardji  , Abidin Izzah Khalif Raihan , Puspanita Dinda Ajeng , Nugraha Xavier
Published: March 2023

Pada awalnya dasar kepemilikan atas ruko tidak dimungkinkan sebagai hak milik, karena dianggap hak milik hanya untuk tempat hunian, sedangkan ruko untuk kegiatan usaha. Namun, dalam perkembangannya ruko juga dimungkinkan sebagai hunian. Hal ini dianggap bertentangan dengan landasan filosofis adanya hak milik yang notabene hanya untuk hunian. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, maka rumusan masalah di dalam artikel ini adalah pertama karakteristik hak milik di Indonesia dan kedua karakteristik hak milik terhadap rumah toko. Metode penelitian di dalam artikel ini adalah penelitian hukum dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus. Adapun hasil dari artikel ini adalah pertama Adapun karakteristik hak milik di Indonesia adalah turun temurun, terkuat, dan terpenuh. Kedua, selaras dengan teori legal evolution dalam konsep hak milik atas tanah dan bangunan ruko di Indonesia, maka kepemilikan atas ruko dapat berupa hak milik dengan syarat: (1) tanah dan bangunan tersebut memiliki izin pendirian sebagai rumah tinggal sekaligus untuk tujuan komersial yang berupa pertokoan; (2) Hak Guna Bangunan atau Hak Pakai masih berlaku atau telah berakhir; dan/atau (3) atas nama pemegang hak yang masih hidup atau meninggal dunia.
Development of an accurate “composition-process-properties” dataset for SLMed Al-Si-(Mg) alloys and its application in alloy design
Authors: Gao Tianchuang , Gao Jianbao , Zhang Jinliang , Song Bo , Zhang Lijun
Published: March 2023

Al-Si-Mg series alloys are the most common alloys available for additive manufacturing forming with low cracking tendency. However, there is no systematic study on the computational design of SLMed Al-Si-(Mg) alloys due to the huge parameter space of composition and processes. In this paper, a high-quality dataset of SLMed Al-Si-(Mg) alloys containing 176 pieces of data from 50 publications was first established, which recorded the information, including alloy compositions, process parameters, test conditions, and mechanical properties. A threshold value of 35 J/mm3 for energy density (Ed) was then proposed as a criterion to clean the data points with lower ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation (EL). The cleaned dataset consists of a first training/testing dataset with 142 data for model construction and a second testing dataset with 9 data for model verification. After that, four machine learning models were applied to establish the quantitative relation of “composition-processes-properties” in SLMed Al-Si-(Mg) alloys. The MLPReg model was chosen as the optimal one considering its best performance and subsequently utilized to design novel compositions and process parameters for SLMed Al-Si-(Mg) alloys. The UTS and EL of the designed alloy with a maximum comprehensive mechanical property are 549 MPa and 16%, both of which are higher than all the available experimental data. It is anticipated that the present design strategy based on the machine learning method should generally be applicable to other SLMed alloy systems.
On the Maximum Apollonian Sets
Authors: Ekmekçi Süheyla , Yıldırım Damla
Published: March 2023

In this study, the Apollonian sets are analytically examined in the plane equipped with the maximum distance function. It is
determined that the maximum Apollonian set is not a maximum circle, but the closed simple rectilinear figure. Also, the classifications
of the maximum Apollonian sets are given. In the case that the pair of points is on the gradual line or the steep line, the maximum
Apollonian set is classified with respect to the condition.
Duality Principles and Numerical Procedures for a Large Class of Non-convex Models in the Calculus of Variations
Authors: Botelho Fabio
Published: March 2023

This article develops duality principles and numerical results for a large class of non-convex variational models. The main results are based on fundamental tools of convex analysis, duality theory and calculus of variations. More specifically the approach is established for a class of non-convex functionals similar as those found in some models in phase transition. Finally, in the last section we present a concerning numerical example and the respective software.
Aiding Cancer’s “Sweet Tooth”: Role of Hexokinases in Metabolic Reprogramming
Authors: Farooq Zeenat , Ismail Hagar , Bhat Sheraz , Layden Brian , Khan Md. Wasim
Published: March 2023

Hexokinases (HKs) convert hexose sugars to hexose-6-phosphate, thus trapping them inside cells to meet the synthetic and energetic demands. HKs participate in various standard and altered physiological processes, including cancer, primarily through the reprogramming of cellular metabolism. Four canonical HKs have been identified with different expression patterns across tissues. HKs 1-3 play a role in glucose utilization, whereas HK 4 (glucokinase, GCK) also acts as a glucose sensor. Recently, a novel 5th HK, hexokinase domain containing 1 (HKDC1), has been identified, which plays a role in whole-body glucose utilization and insulin sensitivity. Beyond the metabolic functions, HKDC1 is differentially expressed in many forms of human cancer. This review focuses on the role of HKs, particularly HKDC1, in metabolic reprogramming and cancer progression.
Thoron gas measurement using an airflow-through scintillation cell with consideration for progeny deposition
Authors: Zhao Chao , Liu Jiayu , Chen Yanliang , He Linfeng , Tang Fangdong , Zhuo Weihai
Published: March 2023

Accurate measurement of low-level thoron gas and high-accuracy calibration of thoron measurement devices are essential for assessing and preventing thoron radiological risks. This study aimed to develop a thoron gas measurement technique using an airflow-through scintillation cell for both low-level measurement and high-accuracy calibration. To achieve this, a compartment model was developed to estimate the influence of progeny deposition and accumulation on the wall of the scintillation cell to prevent overestimation of thoron. A self-developed scintillation cell was utilized to implement and validate this technique. The lower detection limit and measurement uncertainty were then evaluated to assess the feasibility of the technique for low-level measurement and high-accuracy calibration. The results showed that the compartment model effectively addressed the influence of the progeny deposition. The measurement technique achieved a lower detection limit below 100 Bq m-3 even with the coexistence of 100 Bq m-3 of radon and attained a measurement uncertainty (k = 2) below 10% when the concentration of thoron exceeded 1,000 Bq m-3. In summary, this study developed a reliable and practical thoron gas measurement technique using an airflow-through scintillation cell with consideration for progeny deposition, and is expected to contribute to the assessment and prevention of thoron radiological risk.
Gasset Felsefesinde Kitleselleşme Sorunu, Kültür Eğitimi ve Üniversitenin Misyonu
Authors: KOCAMAN Ayşe Çiğdem
Published: March 2023

İspanya’nın önemli düşünürlerinden José Ortega y Gasset’e göre, Avrupa’da 19. yüzyılda başlayan kitleselleşme, 20. yüzyılda da toplumsal, kültürel, siyasal alanda önemli bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Çağının toplumlarına, kültürden siyasete, yargı işlevlerinden ahlaka, ekonomiye, dine, gelenek göreneklere kadar, hatta giyim kuşam dahil keyif alma tarzıyla, yani kamusal yaşama bütünüyle kültürden yoksun, niteliksiz kitle insanının/kitlelerin hâkim olduğunu ileri süren Gasset, kitlelerin bu anlamda ayaklandığına, insanın kendini ve yaşamını yapılandırıp şekillendiren ortam koşullarının belirleyicisi haline geldiğine dikkat çekmektedir. Kitlelerin kamusal yaşam üzerindeki egemenliğini, kitleselleşme sorunu olarak nitelendiren Gasset, kendilerini dahi yönetmekten aciz olan kitlelerin ayaklanmasıyla birlikte, insanın kökten gerçekliği olarak gördüğü yaşamın her alanında sorumsuzluğun, başıboşluğun, yararcılığın hüküm sürdüğünü düşünmektedir. Bu durumun, insanlığın geleceğini tehdit ettiğini, tarihsel bir bunalımın kapısını araladığını, dolayısıyla kitle insanını yeni baştan düzenlemenin, karakterini iyileştirmenin, ona sorumluluk ruhu, yaşamsal birtakım değerleri aşılamanın şart olduğunu belirten Gasset’e göre, bu da ancak üniversiteler aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilecek olan kültür eğitimiyle mümkündür. Bu bağlamda yaşadığı dönemin toplumsal koşullarını şaşırtıcı bir berraklıkla tespit eden Gasset, kitleselleşme sorununa ilişkin ileri sürdüğü görüşleriyle güncelin ötesinde düşünebilen bir filozof ve eğitimcidir. Onun kitleselleşme sorununa yaklaşımının hem 21. yüzyılın dünyası hem de insanlığın geleceği açısından yol gösterici olabileceği, bu bakımdan özgün bir yer teşkil ettiği düşünülmektedir. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma, Gasset’in felsefesinin odak noktasını oluşturan kitleselleşme sorununun doğasını, nedenlerini, bu sorunun çözümüyle bağlantılı olarak öne sürdüğü kültür eğitimiyle ilgili görüşlerini ve bu doğrultuda üniversiteye yüklediği misyonu ele almayı konu edinmektedir. Çalışmada Gasset’in, kitleselleşme sorunu ile kültür eğitimi ve üniversite, yükseköğrenim arasında nasıl bir bağ kurduğunu ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır.
Exploration of two polymer nanocomposite structure-property relationships facilitated by molecular dynamics simulation and multiscale modeling
Authors: Pisani William , Wedgeworth Dane , Roth Michael , Newman John , Shukla Manoj
Published: March 2023

Polyamide 6 (PA6) is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic used in many engineering applications due to good strength, stiffness, mechanical damping, wear/abrasion resistance, and excellent performance-to-cost ratio. In this report, two structure-property relationships were explored. First, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene (G) were used as reinforcement molecules in simulated and experimentally prepared PA6 matrices to improve the overall mechanical properties. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with INTERFACE and reactive INTERFACE force fields (IFF and IFF-R) were used to predict bulk and Young's moduli of amorphous PA6-CNT/G nanocomposites as a function of CNT/G loading. The predicted values of Young's modulus agree moderately well with the experimental values. Second, the effect of crystallinity and crystal form (α/γ) on mechanical properties of semi-crystalline PA6 was investigated via a multiscale simulation approach. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center's micromechanics software was used to facilitate the multiscale modeling. The inputs to the multiscale model were the elastic moduli of amorphous PA6 as predicted via MD and calculated stiffness matrices from the literature of the PA6 α and γ crystal forms. The predicted Young's and shear moduli compared well with experiment.
Assessment of the vulnerability of zemmouri bay to coastal erosion, diachronic study between 1957 and 2017
Authors: Mouhoubi Nour el Imène , Belkessa Rabah , Otmani Housseyn
Published: March 2023

The analysis and understanding of coastline variability and coastal erosion trends, and accretion are essential to scientists and local decision-makers to guide shoreline management regulations and decisions. This study focuses on detecting and analyzing historical changes in the Zemmouri (Central Algeria) shoreline position between 1957 and 2017. We collected all the necessary data related to the Zemmouri bay to achieve our objective, such as satellite images, aerial photos, and topographical surveys carried out by the DGPS, all between 1957 and 2017 DSAS calculation tool. Diachronic analysis of aerial photographs and satellite images of Zemmouri Bay revealed that only 39% of sandy beaches are eroding while 3% have some stability. The maximum erosion at Mazer East beach is -1.25m/year. The maximum accretion rate of +1.40m/year at Blue Waves beach, mainly due to the implantation of breakwaters at this beach which created tombolos favoring sand accumulation and beach widening.
Prácticas sostenibles en un hotel tres estrellas en el departamento de Huánuco
Authors:   , Revolledo Palermo Nilda
Published: March 2023

Este artículo se realizó teniendo en cuenta la preocupación por el cuidado del medio en el que vivimos, asimismo, pretende mostrar las prácticas sostenibles que se están dando en un establecimiento hotelero con categoría de tres estrellas en el departamento de Huánuco, con la intención de impulsar el concepto de sostenibilidad en empresas hoteleras que se encuentran fuera de las principales ciudades con mayor acogida de turistas. La metodología tiene enfoque cuantitativo, la técnica utilizada fue la encuesta que se aplicó al personal que labora en el hotel. Se concluye que el establecimiento hotelero es una empresa que está realizando prácticas sostenibles y que podría mejorar con la implementación de las prácticas recomendadas.
Plan de negocios, para el lanzamiento de un aplicativo móvil de entretenimiento deportivo
Authors:   , Geri Nolasco Cesar Javier , Chávez Flores Jhosimar Julio , Ramírez Guamuro Ruth Coraima , Chávez Cárdenas Pool Junio
Published: March 2023

Actualmente en la localidad de Ate-Vitarte, encontramos necesidades insatisfechas en el rubro del entretenimiento deportivo, puesto que los jóvenes que quieren jugar al futbol, no siempre tienen el conocimiento de la disponibilidad de las canchas sintéticas que existe en su distrito o alrededores, por consecuente se cancelan partidos a última hora, o existen número desiguales al momento de jugar contra otro equipo, es por ello que nace nuestra idea de negocio, el diseñar una aplicación móvil para encontrar canchas sintéticas en tiempo récord y otros beneficios más. La fuente de ingreso de SOCCER NOW radica en la app, ya que se cobrará un porcentaje del 10 % de los alquileres en los turnos mañana, tarde y noche (la app reservará canchas y el usuario tendrá que alquilar utilizando nuestra aplicativo), así como también el uso masificado de las redes sociales como Facebook e Instagram y canales tradicionales de publicidad. Se necesita de una inversión inicial de S/ 89,221.10 para dar inicio al lanzamiento y desarrollo del aplicativo móvil de entretenimiento deportivo, así mismo para recuperación de dicha inversión serán en aproximado 1 año; Por otro lado, se necesita un aproximado 9 alquileres por día en los 3 turnos para así llegar al lumbral de rentabilidad.
Importancia de la enzima "L-Asparaginasa" en la industria alimentaria y en salud pública
Authors:   , Urquizo Acevedo Yadira Cinthya
Published: March 2023

La L-asparaginasa (L-Aase), es la primera enzima estudiada con características antineoplásicas. Propiedades que ha tomado mucha relevancia dentro de dos industrias: alimentaria y de salud pública. En el presente trabajo se abarcará información que data del año 1904, año donde se descubrió la actividad citotóxica que contiene esta enzima, para luego realizar diversos experimentos verificando cómo responde frente ciertas líneas celulares cancerígenas, además, se ha venido buscando las características óptimas de la enzima, viendo los factores que afectan su estabilidad. Asimismo, a lo largo de los años se ha venido encontrando múltiples fuentes para obtener la L-asparaginasa, teniendo hoy en día varias opciones para poder disponer de ella, como fuentes animales y vegetales. Sin embargo, los procesos cinéticos que se producen en el organismo por el uso de esta enzima aún no están totalmente descritos, del mismo modo tampoco se conoce con exactitud lo que todos los procesos que la enzima genera en el organismo. Dentro de la salud pública, se viene investigando el efecto citotóxico de la L-Aase frente a diversas líneas celulares y también, se viene estudiando el mejor protocolo usando la enzima para el tratamiento frente a diferentes afecciones oncológicas. Puesto que, se ha visto múltiples reacciones adversas en pacientes con un tratamiento prolongado, por lo que se sugiere realizar más estudios. En la industria alimentaria, se ha visto la presencia de un compuesto orgánico llamado acrilamida, sustancia que ha sido clasificada como “posiblemente cancerígena”, formándose en un grupo de alimentos expuestos a ciertas condiciones. Llamando la atención de la comunidad científica, puesto que genera diversas lesiones en el organismo por su consumo excesivo. Es por ello, que se está en realizando muchos estudios para ver la mejor manera de mitigar los niveles de este compuesto usando la enzima L-Aase.
Miedo a la atención odontológica en pacientes adultos que acudieron a centros odontológicos - Lima 2020
Authors:   , Vela Fernández Anel Antia
Published: March 2023

En la práctica clínica odontológica muchos de los tratamientos que se realizan pueden llegar a presentar dolor, es por ello que a lo largo del tiempo se ha observado pacientes que presentan miedo al tratamiento dental. El odontólogo puede ser temido o visto como una persona torturante, y puede ser causa de inasistencias a las citas odontológicas. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el miedo a la atención odontológica en pacientes adultos que acudieron a centros odontológicos– Lima 2020. Se realizó el cuestionario de Miedos Dentales de Navarro y Ramírez (1996) de forma virtual, se envió el cuestionario por redes sociales a pacientes adultos en donde se excluyó a estudiantes de odontología u odontólogos, y aquellos que presentan algún problema en el sistema nervioso. Se recopiló 350 respuestas, de las cuales se excluyeron 26. El análisis estadístico dio resultados para el nivel de miedo en general fue elevado (68.2%), el miedo a la atención dental fue mayor en pacientes de edades entre 20 a 29 años (37.7%), en el género femenino (48.5%) y pacientes procedentes de Lima Centro (26.9%). Por ello se concluye que existe un elevado miedo a la atención odontológica (68.2%) en pobladores de Lima – Perú en el año 2020. En cuanto a las dimensiones del miedo, solo en la dimensión aspectos inherentes, la población presentó un miedo medio, en el resto de dimensiones fue elevado.
Asociación entre síndrome de Burnout y la frecuencia de lesiones deportivas en futbolistas de divisiones inferiores de clubes profesionales del Perú
Authors:   , Figueroa Solórzano Miguel Angel , Patiño Bautista Katiuska Vanessa
Published: March 2023

Introducción: Actualmente la práctica del deporte en la alta competencia puede generar en el deportista un cierto grado de desgaste profesional y estrés por las altas demandas o exigencias que existen, provocando de esta manera Síndrome de Burnout. Existen varios estudios que relacionan al Síndrome de Burnout con diversas disciplinas deportivas, encontrándose una asociación entre este síndrome y lesiones deportivas; sin embargo, muy pocos realizados en el Perú. Asimismo, no se ha encontrado investigaciones que demuestran esta asociación en deportistas jóvenes que practican fútbol en Perú. Objetivo: Se buscó determinar la asociación entre síndrome de Burnout y las lesiones deportivas en futbolistas de divisiones inferiores de clubes profesionales del Perú. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico, retrospectivo, análisis secundario de una base de datos los cuales provienen del estudio titulado “Diagnóstico situacional de salud física, mental, nutricional y social de futbolistas” el cual contó con la participación de 168 futbolistas inscritos en la Federación Peruana de Fútbol (FPF). Resultados: El presente estudio conto con 98 hombres (58%) y 70 mujeres (42%) y se encontró una frecuencia de Síndrome de Burnout de 29.17% (N=49) y 44.64% (N =75) tuvieron alguna lesión durante un partido oficial. Además, la frecuencia de lesiones deportivas en futbolistas con Síndrome de Burnout fue de 59.18%(N=29), con resultados estadísticamente significativos. Conclusión: Las lesiones deportivas podrían estar asociadas al Síndrome de Burnout por lo cual es recomendable una evaluación integral del deportista para evitar las complicaciones que el Síndrome puede tener en los atletas.
Nivel de conocimiento sobre cáncer oral en estudiantes de tercero, cuarto y quinto año de la carrera profesional de Odontología de la Universidad Científica del Sur
Authors:   , Segura Gaspar Paula Lucía
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el nivel de conocimiento sobre cáncer oral de estudiantes de tercero, cuarto y quinto año de la carrera profesional de odontología en la Universidad Científica del Sur en el año 2020. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un cuestionario sobre conocimientos de cáncer oral a 166 alumnos que cursaban tercero, cuarto y quinto año de la carrera de odontología. Este cuestionario consistió en 24 preguntas de opción múltiple acerca de epidemiología, etiopatogenia, diagnóstico, tratamiento, complicaciones y prevención sobre cáncer oral. Resultados: Se encontró una asociación significativa entre el nivel de conocimiento sobre etiopatogenia del cáncer oral y el año de estudio. Conclusión: Los alumnos de tercer año tuvieron el mayor porcentaje en relación a nivel de conocimiento sobre etiopatogenia.
Maltrato en la niñez y violencia ejercida por la pareja: resultados de una encuesta poblacional en Perú
Authors:   , Rodriguez De la Cruz Maria Claudia
Published: March 2023

Introducción: El maltrato infantil y la violencia ejercida por la pareja son problemas importantes de salud pública. Objetivos: Determinar la asociación entre el maltrato sufrido en la infancia y la violencia ejercida por la pareja en mujeres peruanas casadas o convivientes mayores de 18 años. Métodos: Estudio transversal de análisis de datos secundarios de la Encuesta Nacional sobre Relaciones Sociales [ENARES] 2015. Se consideró como maltrato infantil a la ocurrencia de maltrato psicológico o físico en la infancia y como violencia ejercida por la pareja a la violencia psicológica o física declarada por las mujeres en la adultez. Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas y otras que pudieran explicar la ocurrencia de la violencia ejercida por la pareja. Se realizó una regresión logística multinomial considerando que las variables principales tenían más de dos categorías. Resultados: Se incluyeron datos de 1084 mujeres casadas y convivientes. La prevalencia de maltrato infantil fue de 49,6% (IC 95% 45,8-53,3) y la prevalencia de violencia ejercida por la pareja fue de 64,2% (IC 95% 60,5-67,8). Las mujeres que sufrieron de maltrato psicológico y físico en la infancia tuvieron más de cinco veces la probabilidad de sufrir de violencia psicológica y física ejercida por la pareja en la adultez (RRR: 5,72, IC 95%: 3,71-8,83). Conclusiones: Las mujeres casadas o convivientes de Perú que fueron víctimas de maltrato psicológico y físico en la infancia tienen una mayor probabilidad de sufrir de violencia psicológica y física ejercida por la pareja en la adultez.
Potential influence of vaginal microbiota and metabolites for threatened preterm birth and preterm birth
Authors: Fan Tao , Gao Qiong , Li Li , Mei Xueqin , Luo Siying , Huang Zhu , Zhang Huifen , Zou Yanting , Zhang Zhenglin , Sheng Cong , He Chunrong , Xiao Qing
Published: March 2023

Aim
To screen specific biomarkers which early diagnose the risk of threatened preterm birth (TPB) and preterm birth (PB) to improve the pregnancy outcome and analyze its underlying mechanisms.
Methods
Three groups of vaginal secretions samples, including full-term birth (FB), TPB, and PB were collected to clarify the relationship between metabolites and health status of pregnant women.
Results
Here, screened out two species (Prevotella melaninogenica and Serratia marcescens) and five genera (Stenotrophomonas, Caulobacter, Sphingomonas, Asticcacaulis, and Sneathia) to be differentially distributed among three groups. There were 30 significantly different metabolites in three groups, and nine metabolites (pos_3691, pos_2441, pos_2629, pos_1152, pos_615, pos_1229, pos_2110, pos_1357, and pos_1737) to be screened as potential metabolic markers in three groups. Five metabolites, including pos_3691, pos_2441, pos_1343, pos_1647, and pos_3239 could be used as a metabolic marker for early diagnosis of TPB. And the significantly enriched pathway was phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis.
Conclusion
This study clarifies vaginal flora and metabolites to be associated with TPB and PB, two species and five genera of vaginal bacteria, nine metabolites may be the potential biomarker in distinguishing different health states of pregnant women, to early diagnose the risk of TPB and PB and improve the pregnancy outcome.
Serum Sodium Improvement: Change in Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment Parameters in Geriatric Patients with Hyponatremia
Authors: Kapoor Mayank , Dhar Minakshi , Pathania Monika
Published: March 2023

Background: Hyponatremia presents with symptoms considered age-associated in the elderly. We assess the change in Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) parameters after hyponatremia improvement in hospitalized geriatric patients.
Methods: We took 100 hyponatremic and same number of eunatremic geriatric patients (>60 years) who were comorbidity, presenting-complaints, and age-matched. Four CGA parameters were utilized, the new Hindi Mental State Examination (HMSE), Barthel’s index of activities of daily living (ADL), Timed up and go Test (TUG), and handgrip strength by hand dynamometer (HG). We analyzed these at admission and discharge, and their relationship with change in sodium levels.
Results: Average age was 68.1 ± 5.8 years, with males constituting 75%. The CGA parameters demonstrated worse values amongst the hyponatremia than the normonatremia group. Severe hyponatremia group showed worse CGA scores in comparison with moderate and mild. With improvement in sodium level, the improvements in ADL, TUG, and HMSE scores were greater in the hyponatremia group (8.8 ± 10.1, 2.2 ± 2.5, and 1.7 ± 2.3 respectively) in comparison to the normonatremia reference group (4.7 ± 9.0, 1 ± 2.0, and 0.7 ± 1.3 respectively, P<0.05).
Conclusion: Our study is the first utilizing HMSE to assess cognitive ability in the Indian elderly. Hyponatremic patients show worse baseline CGA parameters, and hyponatremia severity correlates with worse motor and cognitive function. Improvement in the serum sodium level improves the CGA parameters. Correction of hyponatremia in the geriatric age group significantly impacts life quality.
“Please listen to me, I want to know what is wrong with my shoulder”: A qualitative study exploring patients’ expectations and experiences with primary care management.
Authors: Lowry Véronique , Desmeules François , Zidarov Diana , Lavigne Patrick , Roy Jean-Sébastien , Cormier Audrey-Anne , Tousignant-Laflamme Yannick , Perreault Kadija , Lefèbvre Marie-Claude , Décary Simon , Hudon Anne
Published: March 2023

Background: The management of shoulder pain is challenging for primary care clinicians considering that 40% of affected individuals remain symptomatic one year after initial consultation. Developing tailored knowledge translation interventions founded on evidence-based recommendations while also considering patients’ expectations could improve primary care for shoulder pain. The aim of this qualitative study is to explore patients’ expectations and experiences of their primary care consultation for shoulder pain.
Methods: In this qualitative study, participants with shoulder pain and having consulted a primary care physician in the past year were interviewed. All the semi-structured interviews were transcribed into verbatims, and inductive thematic analysis was performed to identify themes related to the participants’ expectations and experiences of primary care consultations for shoulder pain.
Results: Thirteen participants with shoulder pain were interviewed (8 women, 5 men; mean age 50 ± 12 years). Eleven of them initially consulted a family or an emergency physician, and two participants initially consulted a physiotherapist. Four overarching themes related to patients’ expectations and experiences were identified from our thematic analysis: 1) I can’t sleep because of my shoulder; 2) I need to know what is happening with my shoulder; 3) But… we need to really see what is going on to help me!; and 4) Please take some time with me so I can understand what to do!. Several participants waited until they experienced a high level of shoulder pain before making an appointment since they were not confident about what their family physician could do to manage their condition. Although some participants felt that their physician took the time to listened to their concerns, many were dissatisfied with the limited assessment and education provided by the clinician.
Conclusions: Implementing evidence-based recommendations while also considering patients’ expectations is important as it may improve care delivery and patients’ satisfaction with care. Several participants reported that their expectations were not met, especially when it came to the explanations provided. One unexpected finding that emerged from this study was the delay between the onset of shoulder pain and when patients decided to consult their primary care clinician.