bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching the General Public Inflation Basics Along With Short-Run and Long-Run Inflationary Fiscal and Monetary Policies
Authors: Self James K.
Published: January 2024

Over the years a generally accepted pedagogy has developed to teach what inflation is and how it affects the economy in macroeconomic principles undergraduate courses. The recent re-emergence of elevated inflation in the United States and other countries draws in to question this pedagogy. A pedagogical refocus on inflationary connections to productive value, store of value, and a re-evaluation of the focus used to teach fiscal and monetary policy impacts on inflation is needed. This article proposes a non-technical standalone lesson that highlights how productive activities, the store of value of money, and the relation of those two interact with inflation. It also highlights fiscal and monetary effects on both transitory and permanent inflation in the economy. This lesson is accessible to the general public.
ANTIBIOTICS SENSITIVITY TEST DIFFUSION AND DILUTION METHODS
Authors: Elzuhria A Nadia , Kaffah Nur Silmi , N Nafis Rizqi , Hanidah Ummi , S Aisyah Mallika , Nabilla Firda Ayu , Azkadhafina Fajwatunnisa , Hidayat Taufiq Ahmad , Putri Nadya Fierdini , Zahra Putri Alifia , Setiawan Tristan , Buulolo Fomaembarasi
Published: January 2024

An antibiotic sensitivity test is a method to test the response of bacteria to antibiotics. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of an antibiotic against microbial activity. The sensitivity test was conducted with two methods, namely, the diffusion method and the dilution method. The diffusion method was performed using paper discs (Kirby-Bauer) against Escherichia coli and Shigella sonnei bacteria with amoxicillin, neomycin, and sulfonamide antibiotics. The data required is the diameter of the inhibition zone. Results showed that Escherichia coli was sensitive to amoxicillin but resistant to sulfonamide and neomycin. Meanwhile, Shigella sonnei was resistant to amoxicillin, neomycin, and sulfanilamide. Furthermore, the dilution method was performed to test the potency of amoxicillin against Escherichia coli bacteria using the liquid dilution method. The data required were test tubes with liquid media that showed no turbidity. The results showed that the minimal inhibitory concentration of amoxicillin against Escherichia coli was 0.25%. Based on the results of the antibiotic sensitivity test using the diffusion and the dilution methods, it can be concluded that amoxicillin has high effectiveness against Escherichia coli bacteria with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.25%, while Shigella sonnei is resistant to the antibiotics tested.
ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST OF PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS WITH DISK DIFFUSION AND DILUTION METHOD
Authors: Bhagaskara Raffi Joe , Ahmad Alyaa Shofura , Prasetyawan Syifa Regina , Amelia Dewi , Pratama Deri Putra , Hidayyah Tulloh Innayah Marda , Putri Naadhira Alya , Putri Indira Damayanti , Rabbani Alya Layyina , Ibnu Ismail Fathan Mubiin , Astuti Jihan Tria , Atmaja Naufal Brian
Published: January 2024

The susceptibility test is a test used to measure bacteria's sensitivity and vulnerability towards antibiotics. This study was to determine sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus towards amoxicillin, neomycin, and sulfanilamide. In this study, the methods used in susceptibility tests are disk diffusion method and serial dilution. The disk diffusion method is a method with paper disks that already saturated the antibiotics, with one paper disk for each antibiotic, put the disk on the agar media that had been inoculated by the bacteria, then incubated and measured the inhibition zone. The dilution method was done by making a series of antibiotic dilutions in liquid media which added microbes inside. This test is to estimate the smallest concentration or Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) in the dilution series with no bacterial growth. The diffusion test shows no clear visible zone at all, so Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are resistant to amoxicillin, neomycin and sulfanilamide. The dilution test shows the clearest sample was on 0,25% concentrate, so amoxicillin's Minimum Inhibitory Concentration towards Staphylococcus aureus is 0,25%.
Analisis Tingkat Pengetahuan Pola Konsumsi Bayi dan Kejadian Stunting di Desa Sindangsari Pabuaran Serang Banten tahun 2022
Authors: Selvester Thadeus Maria , Susantiningsih Tiwuk , Kristina Simanjuntak , Agneta Irmarahayu , Hikmah Muktamiroh , Rukman Abdullah , Fachruddin Perdana
Published: January 2024

Hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat tentang pelatihan pola konsumsi bayi pada kader posyandu Desa Sindangsari Pabuaran Serang Banten pada tahun 2022 terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan responden terhadap keterampilan pola konsumsi bayi 0-24 bulan dalam kategori pengetahuan baik yaitu terjadi peningkatan sebesar 19% dari 63,79% menjadi 82,79% (31 responden), namun analisis dari tingkat pengetahuan dan pola konsumsi bayi pada kejadian stunting di Desa Sindangsari Pabuaran Serang Banten tahun 2022 belum dilakukan. Metode: Artikel ini merupakan analisis deskriptif korelatif terhadap hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh Tim Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat FK UPN Veteran Jakarta bekerjasama dengan Tim Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat FK UNTIRTA Serang Banten untuk melihat faktor risiko dari tingkat pengetahuan dan pola konsumsi bayi terhadap kejadian stunting di Desa Sindangsari Pabuaran Serang Banten tahun 2022. Hasil: Analis tingkat pengetahuan peserta di lakukan terhadap kejadian stunting di Desa Sindangsari. Jumlah responden dalam kegiatan pengabdian yaitu 31 responden yang terdiri dari kader posyandu di Desa Sindangsari serta ibu yang memiliki balita yang melakukan kunjungan ke Posyandu. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara riwayat penyakit infeksi dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di Desa Sindangsari. Hasil anaslis antara penyuluhan dan pelatihan pola konsumsi bayi dan balita yang sudah bagus tetapi masih terdapat 2 balita stunting dapat dikarenakan riwayat penyakit infeksi mempengaruhi penyerapan nutrisi pada proses pencernaan pada balita stunting dan tidak berhubungan dengan tingkat pengetahuan kader posyandu Sindangsari mengenai pola konsumsi. Kesimpulan: Analisis tingkat pengetahuan pola konsumsi bayi dan kejadian stunting di Desa Sindangsari Pabuaran Serang Banten tahun 2022 didapatkan hasil bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan kader posyandu Desa Sindangsari dengan kejadian 2 balita stunting di Desa Sindangsari Pabuaran Serang Banten.
Kenali stroke, gejala, serta pencegahan stroke
Authors: Anisah Makkiyah Feda
Published: January 2024

Stroke adalah penyakit dengan angka kematian dan kecacatan tertinggi di Asia dan di Indonesia. Pemahaman mengenai stroke dan bagaimana cara mencegahnya belum masif dilakukan. Edukasi jarak jauh dengan menggunakan media siaran radio mampu menjaring Masyarakat yang di pelosok. Metode. Siaran langsung di radio FM 95.3 dengan tema tentang kenali stroke, gejala dan pencegahannya. Hasil. Pemahaman mengenai stroke, gejala dan cara mencegah meningkat pada reporter di radio tersebut. Beberapa pertanyaan juga berasal dari pendengar di pelosok Jawa Barat. Kesimpulan. Kegiatan edukasi pada Masyarakat ini berhasil memkampanyekan Gerakan pencegahan stroke dan mendeteksi stroke dengan meningkatkan pemahaman tentang stroke, cara mengenali dan mencegah stroke.
Edukasi dan Pembuatan Hand Sanitizer dari Lemon Upaya Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19
Authors: Rifkia Via , Dhigna Luthfiyani Citra Pradana  , Rika Revina
Published: January 2024

Kegagalan dalam menjaga kebersihan tangan adalah penyebab utama infeksi dan dapat mengakibatkan penyebaran mikroorganisme multi resisten di lingkungan sekitar. Menjaga kebersihan tangan dengan cara mencuci tangan adalah metode paling praktis dan efektif dalam pencegahan infeksi. Cara mencuci tangan yang paling tepat adalah dengan menggunakan sabun dan air bersih yang mengalir. Namun, penggunaan hand sanitizer dari bahan alam menjadi alternatif untuk membersihkan tangan di kala tidak ada air dan sabun.Tujuan kegiatan PkM ini adalah memberikan edukasi dan pembuatan hand sanitizer dengan menggunakan bahan alam upaya membantu pencegahan dari penularan infeksi virus, seperti COVID-19. Pada pembuatan hand sanitizer,memanfaatkan bahan alam yang ada disekitar mitra yaitu berupa jeruk lemon. jeruk lemon merupakan bahan alam yang memiliki aktivitas sebagai antiseptik, antibakteri, dan antivirus. Kegiatan PkM dilakukan dengan memberikan edukasi, pembuatan hand sanitaizer, serta pengisian pre test dan post test. Hasil PkM diperoleh peningkatan pengetahuan terkait wabah penyakit COVID-19 beserta proses penularannya, dan pemanfaatan bahan alam sebagai bahan pembuatan hand sanitizer dengan nilai rerata pre test 5,82%, sedangkan nilai rerata post test 8,95%.
Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Kader Dalam Asupan Vitamin E, Zinc, Fe dan Asam Folat Pada Masa Pertumbuhan
Authors: Mila Citrawati  , Sri Wahyuningsih  , Tiwuk Susantiningsih
Published: January 2024

Stunting merupakan bentuk kegagalan tumbuh kembang yang menyebabkan gangguan pertumbuhan linear pada balita akibat dari akumulasi ketidak cukupan nutrisi yang berlangsung lama, mulai dari masa kehamilan sampai usia 24 bulan. Propinsi Banten menduduki peringkat kelima angka stunting terbanyak di Indonesia, yaitu 294.862 balita pada tahun 2021. Asupan energi dan zat gizi yang tidak memadai, antara lain vitamin E, Zinc, Fe dan Asam Folat merupakan faktor yang berperan terhadap masalah pertumbuhan. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang pentingnya pemenuhan zat gizi dalam upaya menunjang pertumbiuhan anak dan pencegahan stunting. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan pada pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah penyuluhan dengan menggunakan metode ceramah dengan menggunakan media slide power point yang berisi penjelasan mengenai pentingnya asupan vitamin E, Zinc, Fe dan Asam Folat pada balita. Kesimpulan dari pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah ibu-ibu kader yang mengikuti penyuluhan menjadi paham tentang pentingnya pemenuhan zat gizi untuk pertumbuhan anak.
Pentingnya Edukasi Gizi Seimbang dan Pengenalan Isi Piringku pada Siswa Remaja SMA Islam
Authors: Aulia Chairani  , Yanti Harjono Hadiwiardjo  , Melly Kristanti  , Isniani Ramadhani Sekar Prabarini
Published: January 2024

Usia remaja membutuhkan nutrisi dari makanan secara kualitas dan kuantitas agar tubuh dapat berfungsi secara optimal. Nutrisi yang masuk ke dalam tubuh selanjutnya akan dibentuk menjadi sumber energi yang digunakan untuk mempertahankan daya tahan, daya konsentrasi serta tersedianya tenaga untuk melakukan aktivitas belajar. Peningkatan permasalahan pada aspek nutrisi ini terjadi akibat perubahan gaya hidup yang mempengaruhi konsumsi makan menunjukkan adanya penurunan asupan makronutrien  seperti karbohidrat, protein dan lemak selain asupan serat kurang dan konsumsi makanan cepat saji yang berlebih sehingga menyebabkan obesitas. Gizi seimbang merupakan susunan makanan sehari-hari yang mengandung zat gizi dalam jenis dan jumlah yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan tubuh yaitu jenis kelamin, usia, dan status kesehatan. Gizi seimbang bagi anak sekolah dipenuhi setiap hari dengan makanan yang beraneka ragam. Perubahan komposisi tubuh dan peningkatan aktivitas fisik anak sekolah memerlukan asupan gizi seimbang. Tujuan penyuluhan dalam diskusi kelompok terarah  ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan menu gizi seimbang dalam isi piringku, menggunkan media lembar balik dan melakukan pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan untuk mengetahui status gizi remaja. Pengukuran tingkat pengetahuan menggunakan kuesioner pre-post test terdapat terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan (p-value 0.003)perubahan rerata pengetahuan remaja dari skor 80 sebelum penyuluhan menjadi 86 setelah penyuluhan.
Rozvíjanie nadania a tvorivosti
Authors:   Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Medárošová Margita
Published: January 2024

Nadanie a tvorivosť predstavujú úzko prepojené fenomény, ktorým je venovaná pozornosť v rôznych kontextoch z pozície rôznych vedných disciplín. Psychológovia dlhodobo pracujú na poznávaní nadania a tvorivosti, ako aj ich rozvíjania prostredníctvom vedeckých metód, aby poskytli kvalitné podnety pedagógom, rodičom, študentom, ale aj politikom s cieľom rozvíjať potenciál nadanej a tvorivej osobnosti. Učebný text ponúka informácie o podstate nadania a tvorivosti, o modelových prístupoch, ktoré sa využívajú pri ich identifikácii, rozvíjaní a podporovaní s akcentom na psychologické aspekty. Okrem teoretických poznatkov sú v texte zaradené aj cvičenia rôzneho druhu – aktivity na sebapoznávanie, aktivity zamerané na rozvoj, riešenie prípadových štúdií, otázky a úlohy na riešenie. Učebný text je určený študentom psychológie a záujemcom o problematiku nadania a tvorivosti.
TRANSFORMATIVE EDUCATION WITH AGILE PROJECT MANAGEMENT AND PROJECT-BASED LEARNING
Authors: PAĽOVÁ DANA , VEJAČKA MARTIN
Published: January 2024

The present trend of automation and digitization of jobs has made the skills gap even more pronounced, indicating that graduates are not sufficiently prepared for the challenges they will face in their careers. The educational process needs to adapt quickly to the demands made by employers and the job market. Learning tasks, assignments, and activities should mimic the practice environment as far as possible, to best prepare students for practice. One of the best approaches appears to be the incorporation of agile project management techniques and project-based learning into the educational process. The primary aim of this research is to examine the effects of implementing agile management techniques and project-based learning into education on students' skill sets and performance improvement rates. The activities and results that the students produced throughout the semester were gathered and assessed over two academic years. The course feedback was also gathered to investigate students' opinions about the course and their involvement during the semester. An exploratory study was conducted in order to achieve the results. The influence of implemented innovations on the course was addressed, and the acquired outcomes were contrasted and appraised.
A Study of the Genetic Diversity of Globulin Proteins in Lens culinaris Medik. Genotypes
Authors: Mammadova Sh.
Published: January 2024

Electrophoretic analysis of globulin storage proteins in the seeds of 46 lentil accessions introduced from ICARDA was carried out. The aim of the work was to identify, certification and study the genetic diversity of lentil genotypes. In addition, a genetic diversity index (H) was calculated for the zones (ω-, γ-, β- and α-) based on the frequency of patterns on electropherograms of spare globulin proteins in seeds of lentil accessions. Twenty-two spectra and 55 patterns were identified in lentil accessions, most of which polymorphism was observed. 7 spectra and 22 patterns were observed in the ω-zone, 7 spectra and 9 patterns in the γ-zone, 5 spectra and 11 patterns in the β-zone, and 5 spectra and 13 patterns in the α-zone. The genetic diversity index was calculated for each of the 4 zones (ω, γ, β and α) based on Nei formula. According to the calculations, more genetic diversity was observed in ω-zone (H=0.930), slightly less in β-zone (H=0.872), α (H=0.827) and the least in γ-zone (H=0.743). Based on cluster analysis, the genotypes were divided into 5 groups and subgroups. Based on these results, an electrophoretic analysis of globulin storage proteins in polyacrylamide gel (A-PAAG) was performed for the first time and polymorphism between lentil genotypes was identified.
Leeches (Annelida, Hirudinea) Fauna of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
Authors: Bayramov A. , Maharramov M.
Published: January 2024

The fauna of the leeches of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic is represented by 10 species belonging to 9 genera, 5 families, 2 orders and one class. According to zoogeographical affiliation, leech species belong to 4 faunistic complexes. In the benthic infauna of various types of water bodies, glossyphonides predominate in the frequency of occurrence and abundance of individuals. An extremely rare medical leech (Hirudo medicinalis) is the only practically useful representative of the girudofauna. Functional significance of other species in biocenoses is low. The article also presents data on morphology, body sizes, objects of finding and biotopes of leeches of fauna of Nakhchivan.
Application Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers Under Potato on the Dynamics of Absorbed Forms of Nitrogen
Authors: Makhmudova E.
Published: January 2024

The presented article examines, along with the natural conditions of the research object located in the Gadabay district of the Ganja-Dashkesan Economic Region, the results of experiments conducted in 2015-17 on mountain chernozems over potato plantations with the introduction of various doses of organic and mineral fertilizers, and their effect on productivity and growth by development phases. An analysis of nitrogen absorption by potatoes was carried out by development phases and profile depth.
Epizootological Features and Prevention of Fascioliasis in Sheep on the Julfa District Territory
Authors: Ganbarov H.
Published: January 2024

The article reflects the epizootological features of fascioliasis in sheep kept in various individual and farm enterprises on the territory of the Julfa district, and the results of studies aimed at studying preventive measures against helminthiasis. As a result of the studies, carried out, it was found that both types of fascioles parasitize in animals in farms: Fasciola hepatica Linnaeus, 1758 and Fasciola gigantica Cobbold, 1855. According to the results of examination of internal organs (liver and gallbladder) of 194 head pf sheep, in which an incomplete helminthological autopsy was performed, the intensity of invasion (II) was 1.1 helminth/animal, and the extensiveness (IE) was 37.6%. When analyzing the intensity of the spread of invasion depending on the altitude zones of the terrain, in 2023, during the helminthological examination of the internal organs of animals in mountainous and foothill areas, fascioles were not detected. And when examining during the autopsy of the internal organs of animals in farms located near swampy areas in the lowland zone, helminths were observed. Since that year the air temperature was higher than the annual norm, which led to the drying of stagnant water in many areas, the intermediate host organisms of fascioles died, as a result, this led to a decrease in the percentage of infection.
Perception of Turkey in the African Press-Media: The Example of the Somali Sofrası
Authors: Kavak Gökhan
Published: January 2024

The visit of President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in 2011 in the country, which is in severe crisis in terms of politics, economy and security, allows a great impetus to the relations between the two countries. As the relationship with Somalia has intensified, the number of Somalis who have come to Turkey to invest in Turkey has increased, as has the number of Turkish investments in Somalia. The restaurant, called Somali Sofrası in the Kızılay district of Ankara, is one of the establishments that started to function in this process. However, it has been observed that the security measures for the institutions opened by the Somalis such as Somali Sofrası have increased and as a result, these companies, which had to change their names, either entered the process of closure or transfer. In this study, the outcomes of the practices made since 2021 counter to the company called Somali Sofrası on the Somali press and Somalis will be examined. For this article, the Somali press has been examined for news related to this process, social media posts by Somalis on this topic have been scanned, and forum discussions have been researched.
Düzce Üniversitesi Araştırma Hastanesi’nde Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Servisinde Takip Edilen COVID-19 Hastalarının Yatış Süresine Etki Eden Faktörler
Authors: ÇAKIR Yasemin , INCE Nevin , YEKENKURUL Dilek , YILDIRIM Mustafa , SUNGUR Mehmet Ali , ÖZTÜRK Cihadiye Elif , UNLU Elif Nisa
Published: January 2024

Amaç: Aralık 2019’da ortaya çıkan ve tüm dünyada pandemiye sebep olan yeni coronavirüs 19 hastalığı (COVID-19), iki yıldan uzun süredir tüm dünyada milyonlarca insanı enfekte etmiştir. Bu çalışmada, COVID-19 tanısı ile hastanede yatan hastaların yatış süresine etki eden faktörlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Mart-Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında enfeksiyon hastalıkları servisinde yatan COVID-19 tanılı hastalar dahil edildi. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, vital bulguları, hemogram, üre, kreatin, C-reaktif protein (CRP), alanin aminotransferaz (ALT), aspartat transaminaz (AST), laktat dehidrojenaz (LDH), protrombin zamanı (PT), uluslararası normalleştirilmiş oran (INR), procalsitonin (pct), d-dimer, ferritin, troponin, nötrofil/lenfosit oranı (NLR) trombosit-lenfosit oranı (PLR), monosit-lenfosit oranı (MLR) ve ortalama trombosit hacmi (MPV)-lenfosit oranı (MPVLR), COVID-19 PCR, akciğer görüntüleme bulguları, tedavi ve hastane yatış süreleri retrospektif olarak incelendi.

Bulgular: Çalışmamızda hastaların yaş ortalaması 56,51±15,48, kadın erkek oranı 1/1, ortalama yatış süresi 7,58±3,35 gündü. DM, HT ve malignitesi olan hastalarda, favipravir, enoksaparin ve vitamin C desteği alan hastalarda daha uzun hastane yatışı olduğu, uzun süre hastane yatışı olan hastalarda ateş, pct, AST, LDH değerlerinin kısa yatış süresi olan hastalara göre daha yüksek olduğu saptandı. Lenfosit sayısı ve yüzdesi, NLR, monosit sayısı ve MPV/lenfosit oranı yedi günden uzun süre yatan hastalarda anlamlı derecede düşük bulundu.

Sonuç: Hastaneye başvuru şikayetlerinin yatış süresini öngörmede etkisiz olduğu saptandı.
The Role of Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, Platelet (HALP) Score in Acute Pancreatitis - An Analytical Study
Authors: ÖZKAN Abuzer , DUMAN Cansu , ÖZDEMİR Serdar
Published: January 2024

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the prognostic ability of Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet parameters, as well as the calculated HALP score, in patients with acute pancreatitis. Additionally, it aimed to evaluate their association with prolonged hospitalization.

Material and Methods: This analytical study was designed retrospectively. The study population consisted of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis who were followed up in the emergency department between the date of May 15, 2022, and January 31, 2023. Patients were categorized into two groups based on their 30-day mortality, namely survivors and non-survivors. Patients hospitalized for more than eight days were classified as prolonged hospitalizations. HALP score was calculated by using formula of hemoglobin(g/dL) × albumin(g/dL) × lymphocyte(103/µL) / platelet(103/µL). Comparisons between groups were conducted for the HALP score.

Results: A total of 191 patients were included in the study. The rate of prolonged hospitalization was 23.6%. The mortality rate was 7.8%. The median HALP score was 3.1 (25th-75th percentiles: 2-5.4). There was no significant difference in the HALP score between survivors and non-survivors (3.2 (25th-75th percentiles: 2.1-5.4) versus 2.3 (25th-75th percentiles: 1.3-3.4), p = 0.050). However, there was a significant difference in the HALP score between the expected and prolonged hospitalization groups (3.4 (25th-75th percentiles: 2.1-5.7) versus 2.7 (25th-75th percentiles: 1.7-3.5), p=0.028).

Conclusion: The HALP score may not contribute significantly to predicting mortality in patients with acute pancreatitis. Nevertheless, utilizing the HALP score to predict hospitalization duration can enhance the efficiency of healthcare providers in managing patients.
Kuduz Riskli Hayvan Teması Olan Hastaların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: AYDIN Nurten Nur , AYDIN Murat
Published: January 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada hastanemize kuduz riskli temas nedeni ile başvuran hastaların genel özellikleri ve profilaksi durumlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2018 - Nisan 2022 tarihleri arasında hastanemize başvuran kuduz riskli hayvan teması olan hastalar retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Başvuran toplam 936 hastanın ortalama yaşı 23,7 ± 15,8 yıl idi. Hastaların %66,5’ i (n=622) erkek ve %33,5’ i (n=314) kadındı. En sık temas edilen hayvan türü %54 (n=505) ile köpek olup ikinci sıklıkta %43,4 (n=405) ile kedi idi. Hayvanların %79’ u (n=739) sahipsizdi. Yaralanmaların 505’ i (%54) yüzeysel ve 431’ i (%46) derin idi. Hastaların %84,7’ sine (n=793) 4 doz, %6,2’ sine (n=58) 5 doz kuduz aşısı uygulandı. Ayrıca hastaların %56,8’ ine (n=532) aşıya ilaveten Human rabies immün globulin uygulandı. Hastaların 843’ü (%90,1) temas sonrası ilk 24 saat içinde başvurdu, 93’ ü (%9,9) ise 24 saatten sonra başvurdu. Her iki grup arasında şehir merkezinde / kırsal alanda yaşama, hayvanın sahipli olup olmaması ve yaranın derinliği açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı (sırasıyla p=1,000; p=0,909; p=0,402).

Sonuç: Kuduz riskli temasların büyük çoğunluğunun sahipsiz hayvanlarla olması ve temasların çoğunun köpek ve kedi ile gerçekleşmiş olması, ülkemizde sahipsiz köpek ve kedi sorununun varlığını göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte teması olan hastaların en kısa sürede sağlık kuruluşuna başvurması önem arz etmektedir.
Mild Clinical Presentation of COVID-19 in Childhood FMF Patients Treated with Colchicine
Authors: KILIÇASLAN Önder , KARBUZ Adem , KIZMAZ İŞANÇLI Didem , ÇAMLICA Gülay , SUNGUR Mehmet Ali , DURSUN Hasan
Published: January 2024

Aim: Clinical trials continue for several medical protocols for COVID-19. Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory agent that is highly used medicament for autoimmune disorders, including Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF). Based on immunity disrupting the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2, we aimed to describe the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients with childhood-onset FMF on colchicine treatment.

Material and Methods: We prepared a survey investigating contact histories, and clinical presentation of childhood-onset FMF patients treated with colchicine and questioned their parents via phone calls or during outpatient visits. In addition, medical record history, treatment, and medication history were obtained from the hospital database.

Results: A total of 171 patients, 99 (57.9%) male and 72 (42.1%) female, diagnosed with FMF and who have been under colchicine treatment for at least one month were included in the study. Among patients, 56 (32.7%) have contact with a confirmed COVID-19 case; 43 (25.1%) have suspected family member contact and 13 (7.6%) have non-family contact. Only 15 (8.8%) FMF patients treated with colchicine were PCR diagnosed with COVID-19 disease; all had mild symptoms, none required antiviral treatment, and none were hospitalized. The dose and duration of colchicine use did not significantly differ between the patients with confirmed COVID or not (p=0.112, and p=0.344, respectively).

Conclusion: We concluded that pediatric patients with FMF receiving colchicine treatment may not be at increased risk for being infected with SARS-CoV-2 or the severe symptoms of COVID-19.
Inflammatory complications due to mandibular body fractures. Analysis of the causes
Authors: Zlenko A. S. , Kirpichnikov M. V. , Yarygina E. N. , Podolsky V. V. , Simakova M. M. , Serbin A. S. , Aleshanov K. A. , Bendeliani G. G. , Proskurnova D. V.
Published: January 2024

The aim of this research was to identify the factors that can further the development of infectious and inflammatory complications of a fractured mandible and search for ways to eliminate them. 643 medical histories of patients with mandibular fractures that received inpatient treatment in the maxillofacial surgery department in the State Budgetary Healthcare Institution of the Volgograd region «The Regional Clinical Hospital №1» between January 2019 and December 2021 were studied. The results of retrospective analysis of the frequency rate and nature of inflammatory complications from 2019 to 2021 were presented. The relation was revealed between the frequency rate of inflammatory complications, the quality of medical services, the time people wait until seeking medical help, and also whether patients have chronic diseases, which could lead to metabolism disruptions, that can cause chronic endogenous intoxication, secondary immune deficiency and reparative regenerations disruptions. Recommendations were proposed about a more reasonable treatment plan and elimination of common mistakes during the stages of medical care, which could reduce the risk of inflammatory complications.
Application of light-cured nanofilled composite materials in dentistry (literature review)
Authors: Krikheli N. I. , Bychkova M. N. , Kramar O. V. , Rudneva O. V. , Peretyagin P. Yu. , Peretyagin N. Yu.
Published: January 2024

Currently, patients are increasingly turning to dentists with complaints about unsatisfactory dental aesthetics. All this is associated with both carious and non-carious lesions of the teeth. Methods of dental treatment today are diverse and satisfy the desires of even the most fastidious patient. So, in the treatment of dental caries, dentists prefer filling. All kinds of composite materials, mainly of foreign production, are used for sealing. Due to the changed global trends, we are faced with the task of finding and developing a new domestic nanofilled light-curing composite that will not be inferior in its properties and composition to leading foreign analogues.
Modern methods of post-endodontic dental treatment
Authors: Krikheli N. I. , Pustovoit E. V. , Nozdrina M. S. , Kramar O. V. , Peretyagin P. Yu. , Peretyagin N. Yu.
Published: January 2024

The materials used to restore the crown part of teeth after endodontic treatment in modern conditions are presented. The advantages of post-endodontic dental treatment using a variety of pin structures in the system of providing dental care to the population are shown. The relevance of the search and development of new domestic materials for intra-channel pins with improved properties is shown in the program that promotes import substitution in dentistry, thereby solving one of the main strategic components in improving the quality of life of the patient.
Language, Truth, and Logic in the Age of Globalism and the Discourse of Civilizations1
Authors: Al-Dabbagh Abdulla
Published: January 2024

Conventional wisdom states that in the Age of Globalism, in which we live, truth has finally been attained within the confines of the democratic, free world that will march forward to break down all the barriers standing in its way. This new gospel of the open world market spreading inevitably to every corner of the Globe will be communicated in English, the only lingua franca of the New Age, primarily through the global medium of communication-satellite television. When this vision is challenged, its adversaries are confronted, theoretically, by means of a discourse of civilizations that stipulates the cultural division of the world into separate and inevitably clashing civilizations, and, practically, by means of wars thatwill bring about the final victory of the New World Order. This paper attempts to test the validity of the ideas upon which this wisdom is built and to evaluate how much truth it contains and what the logic is upon which it is founded. Doing that, it will focus also on the following key areas: clash of civilizations or dysfunctional dialogue; English as a global language of communication; and freedom of expression and truth in the media today. It will argue, principally, that there is no such clash of civilizations, and indeed it calls to question the very discourse of civilizations, or civilizational narrative, as it has been aptly termed. It will also argue that the promotion of English as the single, unchallenged and unchallengeable language of communication smacks more of linguistic imperialism than anything else and, finally, that the existing state of affairs based on the assumptions of conventional wisdom outlined above, instead of achieving the objectivity it claims, has actually ended up shooting truth as its first casualty..
From the Underground Railroad to the Promised Land:
The American Negro Search for Spiritual Geography
Authors: Shaban Fuad
Published: January 2024

By way of an introduction, I will begin with three explanatory notes:

1. The subject of this paper is a part of a more general work that deals with various aspects of American Orientalism on which I have been working for over twenty years. The work, parts of which have already been published, is based on the premise that very early in the history of the colonization of North America seeds of Orientalism were sown in the attitude of the immigrants to the concept of the Land of Promise.To give one illustration only, one of the Puritan leaders, John Cotton, wished his fellow Englishmen God's speed on their journey to the New World in an essay he called "God's Promise to His Plantation." Cotton quoted from Scripture: "Moreover I will appoint a place for mv people IsraeL and I will plant them, that they
y dwell in a place of their own, and move no ore (2 Sa . 7. 10).1

Early immigr nts sa\v an nalogy between their journey to the New World and the biblical trip of the Israelites from Egypt to the Land of Canaan. The theme has been present in the writings and behavior of Americans down the centuries. I have documented this subject
'-elsewhere. 2

7

2. The Underground Railroad is the name that was given to a secret network of agents and safe houses used in mid-nineteenth century by abolitionists to smuggle Negroes to the North or to Canada. .,,

3. The terms 'Negro', 'Blacks', 'African-Americans' are used to refer to the African-American community in the U. S. I will try to be politically correct by using these terms each its in the historical context.
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Lexcialization and Modalization of Prepositions in English-Arabic Translation
Authors: B. As- SAFI A.
Published: January 2024

Before embarking on the rendition of some English/ Arabic prepositions through the proposed strategies ofusing lexical items or modals instead of equivalent prepositions; it might be manditory to explicate three key terms, namely, translation, lexicalization and modalization..
Computerizing Arabic Morphology
Authors: Yagi SaneM
Published: January 2024

This topic is not novel at all; several similar studies (eg, 1, 3, 4), have been conducted over the past 20 years, but in isolation from one another and without benefiting from each other's achievements. Many theoretical problems in morphology have to be resolved for spell-checking to become an effective feature of Arabic-enabled word processors, yet the very theoretical foundation upon which the morphological parsing of these word processors is based remains enigmatic.

Arabic computational linguistics suffers from two main predicaments; one relates to the traditional grammatical description of the language and the other to the lack of cumulative effort on the part of computational linguists themselves. There is no doubt that Arab grammarians' description of the language is extremely sophisticated, yet it has been characterized by a high degree of ratiocination that complicates an otherwise useful description. Therefore, a systematic effort must be made -to render the grammatical description more congenial to computers. Towards this end, several individual attempts have been made (eg, 10, 15). Arab grammarians need to adopt tools that rely more on empirical techniques and less on introspection. They need to make use of recently developed methods in corpus, functional, and structural linguistics.
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Early Signs of Feminist Issues in the Works of Some European,
American, and Arab Writers
Authors: Abbas Insaf
Published: January 2024

Early Signs of Feminist Issues in the Works of Some European,
American, and Arab Writers.
Translation and the Cultural Dimension
A Postcolonial-Poststructuralist Approach
Authors: Yousef Tawfiq
Published: January 2024

Writing in the early twentieth century the American linguist and anthropologist Edward Sapir put forward what has come to be known as the " Relativity Hypothesis" , which postulates that every language imposes on its speakers a different world view. What follows from this hypothesis is that intercultural communication is hard if not impossible. As Sapir puts it:

No two languages are sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The world in which different societies live are distinct worlds not merely the same world with different labels attached.(Sapir 1956: 69)

Likewise, Benjamin Lee Whorf (1940) asserted that his experience of American and Hopi culture suggested to him that the cultures and thought processes were markedly different because their languages were so different. This led him to establish what he called the "linguistic relativity principle" , which states that

users of markedly different grammars are pointed by their grammars toward different types of observations and different evaluations of externally similar acts of observation, and hence are not equivalent as observers but must arrive at somewhat different views of the world. (p. 221)

In other words, language was viewed as having a direct influence on thougnt; thought is in the grip of language.

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Academic Lexical Literacy: Investigating the Cohesion of Arabic Speakers' Essays in English
Authors: Nola Bacha Nahla
Published: January 2024

One way ideas are linked in texts is through cohesion, the network of surface features that connect texts and signal underlying relationships within and between sentences. Cohesive features include reference, conjunctions, substitution, synonyms, to name only a few. Cohesion has been a major area of concern in text analysis since the 1970s, and a number of advances has been made towards the understanding of texts. Since Halliday and Hasan's (1976) seminal work on cohesion, research has included work on both native and non-native student compositions to see how different cohesive devices in these texts contribute to the production of "good" writing. While cohesion may not be a characteristic of all 'good' writing, it seems to be one significant element that marks much high-rated writing (Grabe and Kaplan, 1996).

De Beaugrande and Dressler (1981) identify cohesion as one of the seven standards without which a text would not be a text. Harnett (1986) argues that "...words that signal relations are important resources for writers ... if "good is expressed partially ... through linguistic cohesion, it seems useful to analyze cohesion in writing ..." (p.l42). Peters (1986) further argues that the use of cohesive devices becomes even more significant in academic writing since it is a form of a monologue and "...thus apart from indications of macro-structure, readers expect ...micro­ structure details to supply cohesion and to show the logical connections between one statement and anot)•Cl" (p.170).
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Pouring One's Heart Out: Textual Selves and Their Confessions
Authors: Sikorska Liliana
Published: January 2024

This paper looks at the transformations of the genre of autobiography from its earliest form of confession to the later Puritan (here eighteenth century) configurations of memoirs and fictional autobiographies. Margery Kempe and Geoffrey Chaucer's Wife of Bath are chosen medieval examples, and eighteenth century textual selves are analyzed on the basis of Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe and Moll Flanders. The confessional mode of writing assumes the writer 's/narrator 's utmost sincerity, hence both in medieval as well as in Puritan confessions the narrators literally pour their hearts out disclosing intimate details of their life. The difference between the two types is that medieval texts reveal sinners' personalities insignificant in God's grand plan, while the eighteenth century ones are trying to uncover the significance of individual life. .
Body Part Words in English and Arabic:A Contrastive Study*
Authors: Sahib Mehdi Ali Abdul
Published: January 2024

This paper explores the main characteristics of body part words (BPWs) in Arabic and English with a view to bringing into focus the main aspects ofsimilarity and difference between the two languages in this area. In particular, the author seeks to highlight the fact that, even though the topic in question is universal, the two languages often represent reality in different ways. In the course of the discussion, copious evidence is provided to illustrate and support this fact..
Saracens: Islam in the Medieval European Imagination, by John V. Tolan. 372 pages. New York: Columbia University Press, 2002. ISBN 0-231-12333-7
Authors: AI-Dabbagh Abdullah
Published: January 2024

Saracens: Islam in the Medieval European Imagination, by John V. Tolan. 372 pages. New York: Columbia University Press, 2002. ISBN 0-231-12333-7 .
E. M. Forster in Egypt
Authors: Al-Hout Ahmed
Published: January 2024

The research aims at examining the kind of relationship the English novelist Edward Morgan Forster (1879-1970) had with Egypt during his stay there for three years, when he traveled presumably for only six months to work as a Red Cross Searcher to report missing soldiers and interview wounded soldiers during the First World War (1914-1918). Egypt was then a colony of the British Empire. The research shows Forster's attitude towards Egypt, Egyptian life, customs, music and nature, and towards Egyptians and Europeans, including Anglo-Egyptians and other foreigners. It also explains the reasons behind the change of his view of Egyptians and traces his sympathy with them, especially after being acquainted with Mohamed el Adl, an Egyptian tram conductor. After leaving Egypt, he continued to be connected to it emotionally, literarily and politically. He revisited it three times later. He admitted its positive effect on him and he continued to support it politically. It inspired him some short stories, two geography and history books of ancient Egypt. A big deal of his experience in Egypt was echoed in two of his novels, his Indian novel A Passage to India and his posthumous novel Maurice..
Referential Components Analysis and Translational Equivalence
Authors: Hafiz Al-Tahir
Published: January 2024

This paper attempts to establish a methodological approach by which accurate bilingual equivalence can be achieved. This approach views the meaning of the lexical item as an extra-linguistic (or real world) reference, composed of various referential components. The process by which bilingual equivalence of this reference can be achieved is called the Referential Components Analysis Method (RCAM). The prospective gains in applying this method consist in enhancing the quality of translation, in relation to accuracy and speed, and in facilitating grounds for the compilation of a comprehensive translator based dictionary..
The Ghosts of the Past: Alfred Tennyson's Life Story in A. S. Byatt's "The Conjugial Angel"
Authors: Setecka Agnieszka
Published: January 2024

The following paper concentrates on the second novella in A .S.Byatt's Angels and Insects, and it aims at showing that an attempt to reconstruct a person 's life and to recapture the past might remind of occult practices, or conjuring up the ghosts. A similarity between a biographer and a spiritualistic medium is indicated: both are provided only with scraps of information, on the basis of which they try to construct a coherent story. Both in the case of biography and reading the messages from the other world, a large dose of imagination is necessary to construct a plausible interpretation of the incomplete data. "The Conjugial  Angel" seems to imply that any attempt to read the life of a poet from his verse or letters must be futile, because even if connected with real events, poetry might "encode" them producing a cipher incomprehensible even for the poet himself, as his subconscious emotions might have gone into his creation. Similarly, the messages from the spirits tend to be rather obscure, or adulterated by the consciousness of the medium. An additional problem might be a deliberate distortion of f acts either by "malicious spirits" or by Great People guarding their privacy. Consequently, both messages from the dead and biographical works are necessarily fictitious..
Academic Vocabulary: A Corpus Analysis Approach
Authors: Nola Bacha Nahla
Published: January 2024

The study is a preliminary descriptive exploratory one to analyze a corpus of
academic expository and argumentation essays (approximately 1,000 in total) written by
students attending the EFL Program at the Lebanese American University in order to
investigate the lexis they use. Specifically, the study attempts to describe the most
frequent words in the essays in general and according to rhetorical mode.
Furthermore, the study identifies frequency counts of ‘running words’ (content words:
tokens) and different words (types) and then standardized ratios of types to tokens.
Preliminary results indicate a high percentage of repetition of the same words in the
essays irrespective of English course and essay rhetorical mode, with the word ‘the’
being the most frequent. Also, the type/token ratio is comparable in all analyzed essays
indicating the limited presence of lexical variety. Implications for more focus on
vocabulary instruction are made for the L2 teaching/learning situation..
Insights from the Common European Framework, by Keith Morrow (Editor). Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2004. 143 pages. ISBN: 0-19-430950-9
Authors: Shehadeh Ali
Published: January 2024

Insights from the Common European Framework, by Keith Morrow (Editor). Oxford University Press: Oxford, 2004. 143 pages. ISBN: 0-19-430950-9.
On the Translation of Metaphor: Notions and Pedagogical Implications
Authors: Sahib Mehdi Ali Abdul
Published: January 2024

This paper investigates the main distinctions between two main figures of speech, namely, metaphor and simile, with a view to pointing out the relevance of these distinctions to the translation decision involving the rendering of a source language (SL) metaphor into a target language (TL). Prior to the distinctions, the study examines the relationship of similarity between the two parts of a metaphor, the so-called 'object ' and 'image ', and clarifies a number of facts and misconceptions about it. In light of these discussions, the study attempts to view critically a set of translation procedures proposed by some theorists as alternative solutions to translation problems posed by metaphors that do not lend themselves easily to translation. It is concluded that the proposal in question falls short of achieving the desired result: it gives student translators the false impression that anyone of the alternatives suggested is as good a translation procedure of a given metaphor as any other..
Language Simplification and Language Globalization
Authors: I. Tweissi Adel
Published: January 2024

Identifying the English language as having an international status in mind, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the characteristics or factors a language (any language) must exhibit in order to become a global language. The focus of the paper, however, will be on those characteristics rendering a language structurally simple. An argument that such characteristics represent the most important among all others to qualify a language as a candidate for a global role will follow..
Joyce and Mahfouz: Fragmentation and the Feminine
Authors: McDonald John
Published: January 2024

James Joyce once wrote to a friend, “In the particular is contained the universal.” My paper is a cross-cultural thematic analysis of the short stories “Eveline,” by Joyce, and “The Answer is No” by Naguib Mahfouz. The stories, set in Dublin and Cairo, feature female protagonists who are faced with individual decisions which conflict with their sense of gender-duty, tradition, and family..