bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of the Implementation of Inclusive Education in Primary Schools in Arusha Region, Tanzania: Insights into Management Practices and Special Needs Integration
Authors: Elisha Mbuti Elias , Amimo Catherine , B. Allida Vencie
Published: October 2024

This study evaluated the implementation of inclusive education in Primary Schools in Arusha Region, Tanzania, dealing with insights into management practices and special needs integration. The study used the descriptive-comparative design. Out of the population of 14,881 stakeholders, the study had the sample size was 1,163 subject including 370 mainstream pupils, 278 mainstream teachers, 346 special needs learners and 169 special needs teachers. Sources of data were a questionnaire, an interview schedule, an observation schedule and Focus Group Discussions. Data analysis involved the thematic approach, descriptive statistics and t-test. The study concludes that primary schools in Arusha Region had diverse types of special needs learners. While the most prevalent special need learners were those with the intellectual challenges, the schools had several other types of special needs learners such as the autistic learners, the hearing impairment learners, the visual impairment learners, the physical impaired and those learners with albinism. Both teachers and pupils considered the nature, scope, and orientation of teacher training and preparation as effective. The study recommends that school systems needs to address the various types of special needs learners according to their intensity. The admission of special needs learners should begin with examination of the learners’ needs for appropriate placement. Finally, the ministry of education needs to provide continuous education and professional development programs not only to special education teachers but also to regular teachers who also need to gain deeper knowledge on how to deal with contemporary issues that relate to special needs education.
LA INTERMEDIACIÓN TURÍSTICA: LAS AGENCIAS DE VIAJES
Authors: Pérez Guerra Raúl
Published: October 2024

SUMARIO: 1. ANTECEDENTES HISTÓRICOS Y EVOLUCIÓN NORMATIVA 2. ACERCA DE UNA DEFINICIÓN DE INTERMEDIACIÓN TURÍSTICA 3. LA ACTIVIDAD DE LAS AGENCIAS DE VIAJES COMO SERVICIOS DE INTERMEDIACIÓN TURÍSTICA 3.1. El contrato de viaje combinado versus servicios de viaje vinculados 3.2. El contrato de servicios sueltos 4. TIPOLOGÍA DE LAS AGENCIAS DE VIAJES 4.1. Clasificaciones normativa y doctrinal 4.2. Las agencias de viajes on-line. Los puntos de venta 5. REQUISITOS DE LAS AGENCIAS DE VIAJES PARA EL EJERCICIO DE SU ACTIVIDAD 5.1. La titularidad de las agencias de viajes 5.2. La inscripción en el Registro de Turismo de Andalucía 5.3. Garantías económicas exigidas a las empresas de intermediación 5.3.1. La fianza o garantía de responsabilidad contractual 5.3.2. El seguro de responsabilidad civil 6. LAS AGENCIAS DE VIAJES HABILITADAS FUERA DE ANDALUCÍA. LAS SUCURSALES 7. DERECHOS Y OBLIGACIONES DE LAS EMPRESAS DE INTERMEDIACIÓN BIBLIOGRAFÍA
A Holistic Perspective on the AI-Education Nexus: A Science Mapping Study
Authors: Bardakcı Salih
Published: October 2024

This study examines how the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and education in scientific literature is evolving around common key concepts. For this purpose, the science mapping method was employed. Data were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection. The search terms included “artificial intelligence,” “education,” “instruction,” and “teaching,” as well as "OpenAI," "ChatGPT," and "Chatbot." Bibliographic data from 14,682 scientific documents were extracted, forming the dataset for this study. Analyses were conducted using the VOSviewer software tool, and co-occurrence analyses were performed on the data. These analyses produced both co-occurrence maps and detailed outputs. With the contribution of these outputs, the general and emerging concepts in the map were identified. The results indicate that the AI-education relationship is predominantly discussed in the context of instructional methods rather than as a technology or tool. In recent years, this discourse has particularly enriched and deepened in related fields, learning environments/contexts, issues/skills related to teaching and learning, and research. This richness supports the AI-education relationship from pedagogical integration, applicability, and ethics perspectives. Additionally, it strengthens the theoretical foundations of this relationship by linking it to educational technology and incorporating socio-psychological elements. However, there remains potential for further development in areas such as impact dynamics and human-AI collaboration
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Media Assemblr Edu terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Kelas V
Authors: Novella Putri , Susilawati Susilawati , Djajuli Djajuli
Published: October 2024

Problem-solving skills are essential competencies that need to be developed in elementary school students. The application of innovative learning models, such as Problem-Based Learning supported by interactive technology media like Assemblr Edu, can be an effective solution for enhancing these skills. This study aims to analyze the impact of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model supported by Assemblr Edu media on the problem-solving abilities of fifth-grade students. The research method used is an experimental method with a Pre-test Post-test Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. The results of the study showed that the use of the PBL model supported by Assemblr Edu significantly improved students' problem-solving abilities compared to conventional learning methods. This can be seen from the significant difference in the N-Gain scores, with the experimental class reaching 0.7 (moderate category) and the control class only 0.2 (low category). These findings suggest that interactive technology media like Assemblr Edu can be an effective tool in enhancing students' critical and analytical thinking skills.
O Deus Absconditus
Authors: Gracioto Alexandre Lucas
Published: October 2024

A doutrina de Deus é parte inerente da construção teológica de diversos teólogos ao longo da história do cristianismo. Ao falar sobre Deus, Pseudo Dionísio fez uma adaptação da linguagem, a qual restringe o Divino de predicados, até desencadear no silêncio. Por sua vez, Ellen White afirma o Divino em Sua eternidade, inacessibilidade e ausência de predicados. Sendo assim, a problemática deste trabalho objetiva verificar se há conciliação possível entre a visão de Deus e as vias para o conhecimento do Divino em Pseudo Dionísio e Ellen White, e, em caso positivo, quais supostamente seriam essas inferências. Quanto ao método, trata-se de uma pesquisa cuja abordagem é qualitativa, de natureza pura e explicativa e, quanto aos procedimentos, bibliográfica. A partir da leitura e análise de textos originais selecionados da obra de Luibheid e do repositório do sítio Christian Classics Ethereal Library chegou-se aos textos de Pseudo Dionísio. Para leitura e análise dos textos de Ellen White, foram acessados os textos completos e originais disponíveis nos sítios egwwritings.org e do Centro White, ambos mantidos pela Igreja Adventista do Sétimo Dia.
Ermənistan SSR-in Azərbaycan SSR-ə Qarşı Ərazi İddialarında Qaragöl Məsələsi
Authors: Ağasiyev İkram , Osmanova Aybeniz
Published: October 2024

Məqalə Ermənistanın Azərbaycana qarşı ərazi iddialarına həsr olunmuşdur. Müəlliflər qeyd edirlər ki, 1920-ci ilin yazında Azərbaycanda sovet hakimiyyəti quruldu. Ermənistanda isə sovet hakimiyyəti populyar deyildi. Ermənistanı öz siyasi blokuna cəlb etmək üçün Sovet Rusiyası ona yeni ərazilər vəd etdi. Yeni ərazilər dedikdə Azərbaycan əraziləri nəzərdə tutulurdu. 1920-ci ilin noyabrından başlayaraq Azərbaycan əraziləri mərhələ - mərhələ Ermənistan Sovet respublikasına verilməyə başladı. Azərbaycanın sərhəd bölgələrindən (Zəngəzur, Naxçıvan, Gədəbəy, Qazax, Tovuz və sair) ərazilərin bir hissəsi Ermənistanın tərkibinə verildi. Bütün bu proseslər Moskvanın diqtəsi ilə həyata keçirilirdi və Azərbaycandan razılıq alınmırdı.Azərbaycandan qanunsuz olaraq alınıb Ermənistana verilən ərazilərdən biri də Qaragöl və gölün ətrafındakı ərazilər olmuşdur. 1929-cu illərədək Azərbaycan ərazisi kimi tanınan bu torpaqlar 1930-cu illərdən SSRİ rəhbərliyinin göstərişi ilə Ermənistana verildi. Lakin Qaragöl ətrafında yaşayan Azərbaycan əhalisi Mərkəzin bu qərarı ilə razılaşmadılar və uzun illər öz torpaqları uğrunda mübarizə apardılar. 1991-ci ildə Ermənistan Qarabağı və Qaragöl ətrafı əraziləri tam işğal etdi. 2020-ci ildə Azərbaycan Ordusunun Ermənistan üzərində qələbəsindən sonra Qarabağ işğaldan azad olundu. 2021-ci ilin may ayında Azərbaycan Ordusu Qaragöl ətrafı əraziləri azad etdi və beləliklə, tarixi ədalət bərqərar oldu.
Yeni Sosyal Hareketler ve Küreselleşme
Authors: Ghori Nazar Mohammad
Published: October 2024

Bu makalede, küreselleşme bağlamında ortaya çıkan yeni toplumsal hareketler incelenmiştir. Bu nedenle toplumsal hareketler, postmodern dönemin en etkili toplumsal fenomenlerinden biridir; ve toplumda yapısal ve köklü değişikliklere neden olmaktadır. Yeni toplumsal hareketler, modernizmin gelişiminin ve postmodern insanın günlük yaşam kalitesinin-koşullarının sorgulaması sonucu ortaya çıkmaktadır. Modern toplumsal hareketler, küreselleşmenin önemli özelliklerinden olan zaman ve mekan göstergeleri dikkate alındığında olumlu ve olumsuz kapasitelere sahiptir. Küreselleşmenin siyasi boyutunda, ulusal hükümetlerin halkları üzerindeki kontrolleri zayıflamıştır. Ayrıca bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin gelişiminin gölgesinde bilgiye ulaşma açısından ulusal sınırlar zayıflamıştır. Toplumsal hareketler, geçmişte ağırlıklı olarak sınıfsal bir yapıya sahipken ulus devlet ve egemen yapı içinde işlemekteydi. Günümüzde ise toplumsal hareketler daha global ve halk eksenli gerçekleşmektedir. Tüm boyutlarda artan küresel dolaşıklık bir protestonun dünyanın farklı yerlerinde yankı bulmasına ve destek almasına olanak tanımıştır. Bundan kaynaklı olarak toplumsal hareketlerin daha hızlı küresel bir hal alabildiği söylenebilir. Bu da küreselleşme ve yeni toplumsal hareketler arasındaki sıkı ilişkinin olduğunu göstermektedir. Başka bir ifadeyle yeni toplumsal hareketler, tek bir topluma ve ülkeye özgü değil; aksine, tüm ulusları ilgilendirmektedir. Bu hareketlerin özellikleri, sınır ötesi pragmatizm, toplanmalarda yüksek hız, ekonomik olmayan düşünce ve dünya mirasını korumaya özen göstermedir.
The Involvement of the Pechenegs in the Ethnopolitical Processes of the Southern Russian Steppes
Authors: Ismailzade Saida
Published: October 2024

Examining the involvement of the Pechenegs in the ethnopolitical processes of the Southern Russian steppes is crucial for understanding the formation of the ethnic and political map of Eastern Europe during the 10th and 11th centuries. The impact of the Pechenegs on the political situation in this region remains significant for historians and ethnologists. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of the Pechenegs in the ethnopolitical processes of the Southern Russian steppes from the mid-10th century to the mid-11th century. The research focuses on the Pechenegs' contributions to ethnopolitical changes and their interactions with other peoples and states in the region. The study utilizes the works of prominent historians such as N. M. Karamzin, P. A. Golubovsky, S. M. Solov'ev and G. Manuku-Adameshteanu, as well as research by Turkish and Hungarian scholars. The analysis is based on primary sources, including chronicles and archaeological data, as well as secondary historical materials. The study addresses the origin of the name "Pecheneg" and their early homeland. Historians like Tatishchev, Karamzin, and Solovyov present different views on the origins and initial territories of the Pechenegs. Tatishchev associates the Pechenegs with the Sarmatians, while Karamzin and Solovyov identify them as Turkic peoples. The research examines the Pechenegs' influence on ethnopolitical processes in the Southern Russian steppes, including their conflicts with the Bulgars, Hungarians, Khazars, and the Rus state. Golubovsky and Manuku-Adameshteanu highlight the Pechenegs' significant impact on the Hungarians and other regional peoples. The article also explores the Pechenegs' settlement in modern Hungary and their roles as both vassals of the Kievan state and independent political actors in the region's political life. The article concludes that the Pechenegs played a significant role in the ethnopolitical processes of the Southern Russian steppes during the 10th and 11th centuries. Despite losing their political power by the mid-11th century, they had a considerable impact. Further research is needed to fully understand their role in the history of Eastern Europe.
Generalized Tensorial Simpson type Inequalities for Convex functions of Selfadjoint Operators in Hilbert Space
Authors: Stojiljkovic Vuk
Published: October 2024

Several generalized Simpson tensorial type inequalities for self adjoint operators have been obtained with variation depending on the conditions imposed on the function f.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Mengemukakan Pendapat Melalui Metode Demonstrasi Kelas II di SDN Sungai Raya Kabupaten Raya
Authors: Rahmaniar Neneng , Yuniarti  , Herawati
Published: October 2024

In general, students have a high curiosity about the knowledge that has been given by the teacher in a learning process, but only some students dare or are able to express their opinions in asking questions or giving responses. This study aims to plan, implement and describe the evaluation of the learning outcomes of the demonstration method of the ability to express opinions at SDN 27 Sungai Raya Kubu Raya. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study on the ability to express opinions in Cycle 1 showed that 79.16% of children were in the category of Not Yet Brave (BB) and 50% of children were Starting to Brave (SSB). In Cycle II, 58.33% were in the category of Not Yet Brave (BB), and 89.67% were in the category of Already Brave (SSB). In Cycle III, the remaining 16.6% were in the category of Not Yet Brave (BB), and 125% were Starting to Brave (SSB). Based on the results of this study, there was an increase in the level of Already Brave (SMB) according to the achievement indicators, but the level of Already Very Brave (SSB) had not yet increased. This is likely due to insufficient time and the unavailability of facilities and infrastructure that can support the learning activities to take place properly.
The Influence of Internet-Based Learning Media and Learning Facilities on the Learning Achievement of MA Mambaul Ulum Students
Authors:   Universitas PGRI Jombang, Indonesia, Nurul husnia Wahidatun , Munawaroh Munawaroh ,   Universitas PGRI Jombang, Indonesia
Published: October 2024

This study aims to find out how student learning achievement at MA Mambaul Ulum is influenced by learning resources and online learning environment. This study uses a sample of 104 respondents and is quantitative. The Likert scale is included in the data collection questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analysis is a technique used for analysis. The results showed that although the Learning Facilities variable (0.018 < 0.05) affected learning achievement, the Internet-Based Learning Media variable did not affect (significance value = 0.247 > 0.05). The findings of the simultaneous test show that, with significance values of less than 0.001 and less than 0.05, Internet-Based Learning Media and Learning Facilities have a simultaneous impact on Learning Achievement.
Transformasi Sosial Di Era Digital: Pengaruh Teman Sebaya Dan Media Sosial Terhadap Perilaku Remaja
Authors: Handayani Ruri , Surya Eka Putri Amelia
Published: October 2024

Masa remaja merupakan masa transisi dari kanak-kanak menuju dewasa. Remaja saat ini mengalami transformasi sosial akibat dari interaksi teman sebaya dan penggunaan media sosial di era digital. Remaja saat ini merupakan generasi yang tumbuh dengan akses luas ke teknologi digital dan media sosial. Teman sebaya berfungsi sebagai agen sosialisasi utama, dan media sosial memperkuat atau mengubah pengaruh teman sebaya terhadap perilaku dan kesehatan mental remaja. Artikel ini membahas teori-teori sosial yang relevan, dampak positif dan negatif dari media sosial. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa meskipun media sosial dapat memperkuat dukungan sosial dan memfasilitasi hubungan, ia juga dapat menyebabkan masalah seperti cyberbullying dan tekanan sosial. Artikel ini diakhiri dengan rekomendasi strategi dukungan yang efektif untuk remaja di era digital.
Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan Dan Gaya Hidup Terhadap Pengelolaan Keuangan Mahasiswa Yang Bekerja (Studi Kasus Universitas Di Kota Palembang)
Authors: Pransiska Reni , Indriani Poppy
Published: October 2024

This research aims to test the hypothesis of the influence of financial literacy and lifestyle on financial management. The population in this study were university students in the city of Palembang. This research data was obtained from the results of a questionnaire with the criteria of students studying while working for university students in the city of Palembang, the sample size was 100 students. The method in this research is quantitative associative (causal) with multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results of the hypothesis test concluded that partially there is an influence between financial literacy on financial management, lifestyle does not have a significant influence on financial management and simultaneously there is an influence of financial literacy and lifestyle variables on financial management.
Pengaruh Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia dan Efektivitas Sistem Informasi Pemerintahan Daerah terhadap Implementasi Anggaran Berbasis Kinerja dengan Komitmen Organisasi sebagai Variabel Moderating (Studi pada UPT Puskemas Dinas Kesehatan Pemerintah Kota Me
Authors: Hutagalung Debora Elysa , Sari Eka Nurmala , . Irfan
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze the influence of human resource (HR) competence and the Regional Government Information System (SIPD) on the implementation of performance-based budgeting at the UPT Puskesmas of the Medan City Health Office. In addition, this study also looks at how organizational commitment moderates the influence of HR competence and SIPD on the implementation of the budget. The method used is a quantitative associative approach with a Likert Scale-based questionnaire instrument. The research sample consisted of 123 respondents including the Head of the Puskesmas, Technical Activity Implementation Officers (PPTK), and Head of Administration (KTU) from 41 UPT Puskesmas in Medan City. The analysis was carried out using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method with the help of SmartPLS.3 software. The results of the study indicate that HR competence and SIPD effectiveness have a significant effect on the implementation of performance-based budgeting. Organizational commitment has also been shown to moderate this influence, strengthening the relationship between HR competence, SIPD effectiveness, and budget implementation. This finding is important for improving budget management in the health sector.
Estudo da co-digestão anaeróbia de biomassa vegetal e dejeto bovino: avaliação da produção de biogás e do cultivo de microalgas no digestato
Authors:   , Silva Guilherme Henrique da
Published: October 2024

O propósito desta tese foi investigar o processo de co-digestão anaeróbia como biotecnologia para valorização de resíduos agropecuários, em especial o efluente de bovinocultura leiteira e a biomassa vegetal proveniente do caldo do capim-elefante (CCe) e Arundo donax L. O trabalho iniciou-se com uma investigação do potencial energético do caldo de capim-elefante para a produção de biogás. Foram avaliados seis genótipos de capim-elefante, em termos de produtividade de caldo e valor energético. O rendimento de caldo das variedades de capim-elefante variou de 66,7 a 189,1 mL kg-1. O valor de energia bruta do bagaço dos genótipos estudados variou entre 4041,14 e 4304,06 kcal kg -1. O caldo extraído foi considerado um subproduto da biomassa com alto valor energético remanescente, com valores de energia bruta entre 293,14 e 409,99 cal kg-1, e com potencial para ser utilizado como substrato no processo de co-digestão anaeróbia. Em seguida, a produção de biogás a partir da co-digestão do caldo do capim-elefante e águas residuárias de bovinocultura leiteira (ARBL) foi investigada. Primeiramente, foram feitos ensaios em batelada em diferentes condições de temperatura e valores de razão entre os co-subtratos para o bom desempenho dos reatores. A produção cumulativa máxima de biogás e metano foi registrada na temperatura mesófila na proporção de 20 CCe: 80 ARBL, com o rendimento de biogás de 414,11 mL e de metano de 80,64 mL CH 4 g-1 SV. Foram construídos modelos de regressão para se estimar a produção de biogás. A transposição do melhor resultado entre os experimentos em batelada foi testada no reator modelo UASB de 7,8 L com diferentes tempos de retenção de 10, 6, 2 dias e 24 horas. A produção de biogás variou de 0,78 a 2,28 m 3 m-3 d-1 com concentrações médias de CH4 de 63 a 72% %. Por fim, no último capítulo, foi proposto o tratamento mediado por microalgas do digestato da co-digestão anaeróbia de biomassa de Arundo donax L. e ARBL, com cultivo da microalga Tetradesmus obliquus em fotobiorreatores. A produção de biogás alcançou valores de 50,20 a 94,69 mL g-1 SV. O modelo cinético primeira ordem com dependência de tempo modificado (FOMT) proporcionou melhor ajuste para produção de biogás. O processo mediado por microalgas foi promissor para biorremediação, por meio do potencial da biomassa de microalgas para a produção de bioprodutos. A composição macromolecular da biomassa algal alcançou os valores de teor de lipídios de 33,4 a 42,7%. A co- digestão anaeróbia de dejetos animais com resíduos lignocelulósicos oferece uma rota promissora para a produção eficiente de biogás. Sistemas de microalgas podem ser favoráveis para o tratamento ambientalmente eficiente de águas residuárias, além da produção de bioprodutos por meio da biomassa algal. Palavras-chave: Biodigestão anaeróbia; Cenchrus purpureus Schumach; Bioenergia; Bioprodutos; Microalgas.
Cardiac Syndrome X – A mystery to worry about
Authors: Farooq Omer
Published: October 2024

Madam,
Cardiac syndrome X, by definition means original pain without any evidence of significant CVD visualized on angiogram. Normal angiogram makes it difficult for medical practitioners to detect this syndrome. About 10-20% of persons who undergo coronarography suffers from cardiac syndrome X [1]. It has the highest prevalence in postmenopausal women [2]. Most common indication is symptoms of myocardial infarction in patients [3]. Recent study by Magdalena Piegza et al shows the cardiac syndrome patients suffer from anxiety disorders, depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances [4].
This syndrome brings a great concern to Pakistan as already we have a high rate of anxiety disorders, heart problems and higher ratio of deaths due to CVD. A study conducted on 423 persons in tertiary care hospital in Karachi showed the mean anxiety value to be 28.3% [5]. A complete diagnosis of the syndrome requires proper checkup and follow up, but inadequate procedural managements culminating due to lack of interest and awareness raise a high risk of cardiac syndrome X in Pakistan. A thorough online literary search on the PubMed did not find a single article about this issue pointing to the lack of interest and awareness among the medical practitioners of Pakistan. It has to be made sure by creating awareness driven by seminars and workshops to apprise doctors about this syndrome.
A study by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation found that 38% of deaths in Pakistan are due to ischemic heart diseases [6]. This increases the chances of cardiac syndrome X among the local population. Due diligence in medical care and follow up must be applied to patients reaching out with past history of anxietic disorders and ischemic heart problems. Common public awareness is also important and doctors should emphasize on ensuring proper lifestyle including diet, exercise, smoking cessation and weight reduction.
Quizartinib Therapy for FLT3-positive Acute Myeloid Leukaemia
Authors: Mufti Amna Faheem , Rizwan Abdul Wahid , Azam Adeena
Published: October 2024

Madam,
Globally, acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a common concern among leukaemia patients. It is the most common form of leukaemia in adults. Various genetic mutations are associated with AML. Around 30% of patients carry mutations in the FLT3 receptor, with LT3-ITD being the most common and associated with a poor prognosis1.
Current treatment for this type of AML in Pakistan includes induction chemotherapy with Daunorubicin and Idarubicin, followed by allogeneic stem cell transplant or cytarabine.2 Quizartinib is a new oral agent that selectively targets the FLT3-ITD mutation and has shown promising results in a newly conducted trial, the QuANTUM-First trial. The trial shows that adding Quizartinib to standard chemotherapy with or without allogeneic stem cell transplant, followed by monotherapy with the drug for up to 3 years, resulted in improved overall survival in adults aged 18–75 years with FLT3-ITD-positive newly diagnosed AML.3
This information is crucial for physicians treating AML in Pakistan, as targeted therapeutic agents like Quizartinib must be studied and developed here. Trials should be conducted to reveal the efficacy and safety of these agents specific to the Pakistani population, as these could drastically improve the survival rate and overall prognosis of AML patients.
Delving into diversity: exploring different risk factors of premature greying of hair
Authors: Husnain Abbas  , Huzafa Ali  , Rida Irfan
Published: October 2024

Dear Madam,
Hair is said to grey prematurely when a minimum of five grey hairs occur before the age of 20 in Caucasians, 25 in Asians and 30 in Africans1. Some authors propose using 25 years as a cut-off for people in the South Asian subcontinent. Also, there's no universal grading system for premature greying of hair (PGH). This letter addresses the various evolving risk factors for PGH in young adults worldwide.
PGH may be familial or genetically influenced, traveling in an Autosomal Dominant pattern. A positive family history, in particular the paternal history is the most powerful risk factor2. PGH is also linked to nutritional deficiencies including vitamins (especially B12) and minerals. For example in one study, significantly lower levels of serum calcium, ferritin, vitamin B12, and high HDL were observed in patients3. T3 and T4 act on hair follicles to cause melanogenesis and their deficiency is therefore associated with PGH, alopecia, and changes in hair morphology. Another study found notably reduced levels of copper in cases (PGH) as compared to the control group. This study, however, did not observe lower levels of zinc or iron among the affected population. A separate case-control study concerning the association of epidemiological and biochemical factors with PGH reported that a significantly higher percentage of individuals with premature greying had atopic diathesis, led sedentary lifestyles, had family histories of the condition, smoked, and had reported higher levels of perceived stress compared to controls. Though, interestingly enough, regular application of hair oil seemed to confer a safeguarding effect against premature greying. Upon further review of the literature, it became apparent that both BMI and exposure to sunlight emerged as substantial predictors of PGH.
Despite the prescription of various vitamins and minerals like biotin, calcium pantothenate, zinc, copper, and selenium (all of which have been recognized as risk factors), the outcomes have been disappointing. Calcium pantothenate is frequently recommended for premature greying of hair (PGH)4. This highlights an existing knowledge gap concerning the precise causative risk factors, necessitating further investigation for a comprehensive understanding and improved management of individuals experiencing premature greying of hair.
Study of combined multiple exposure and reproductive / developmental toxicity of 2-ethylhexanoic acid by screening method
Authors: Masaltsev Gleb V. , Khamidulina Khalidya Kh. , Tarasova Elena V. , Zamkova Irina V.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. According to the normative and methodological documents of the Russian Federation, chemicals introduced into economic activities are subject to mandatory toxicological assessment and hygienic regulation. To substantiate the value of the hygienic standard of 2-ethylhexanoic acid, the production of which is planned in the country, additional test on its reproductive toxicity was required.
The aim of the research was to determine the no-observed adverse effect levels of the 2-ethylhexanoic acid for maternal and reproductive toxicities in combined multiple exposure and the reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test (OECD 422).
Materials and methods. The study was performed in accordance with the requirements of the OECD Test Guideline 422 «Combined repeated dose toxicity study with the reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test».
Results. During the experiment no animal deaths or clinical symptoms of the toxic effect of 2-ethylhexanoic acid were observed at all tested doses (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg b.w.). The assessment of behavioural responses using the open field method showed no differences in animals from experimental and control group. Histological examination indicated the acid at doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg b.w. to cause significant changes in bladder (increased sclerosis in the submucosa), lungs (increased proportion of emphysematous altered parenchyma), adrenal gland (increased cell alterations and lipomatous inclusions), thyroid gland (increased loci of interfollicular tissue) in males and females’ rats. The total weight of offspring in the experimental groups was found to be statistically dose-dependent reduced on days 4 and 13 after birth compared with the control.
Limitations. The study had no limitations.
Conclusion. 2-Ethylhexanoic acid has no effect on the reproductive function in experimental animals. Developmental toxicity, expressed in a decrease in the total weight of offspring, was observed at the level of general toxic effects and is not specific. NOAELs were established at the level of 250 mg/kg b.w. for general toxic effect, > 1000 mg/kg b.w. for reprotoxic effect.
Hygienic assessment of heavy metal and organic compounds pollution in snow cover of a multi-industrial city
Authors: Zhurba Olga M. , Merinov Alexey V. , Shayakhmetov Salim F. , Alekseenko Anton N.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. One of the leading health risk factors is atmospheric air pollution, the state of which can be indirectly assessed by the content of a wide range of pollutants in snow and soil cover.
Materials and methods. The study analyzed data on deposits of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAHs), heavy metals (HMs) and petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) in the snow of different functional zones of the agglomeration. Physicochemical research methods were used.
Results. The content of ΣPAHs was found to range from 412.8 to 2843.7 ng/L. The highest concentrations of ∑PAHs were observed in the residential area in the square (point 10) – 2843.7 ng/L; and on the border of the sanitary protection and residential zones in the area of the Yuzhnaya station (point 3) – 1758.2 ng/L. The share of benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) from ∑PAH ranged from 2.9 to 9.7%. PHs levels ranged from 51.0–117.0 μg/L. The difference in the range of fluctuations in values was most evident in the content of individual PAHs: B(a)P (16.13 times), Ant (12.05 times) and B(g,h,i)P (11.56 times ), mercury (17.53 times), zinc
(9 times) and manganese (8.58 times); metals: cadmium (1.89 times), copper (1.75 times), and lead (1.47 times).
Limitations. Sampling and features of snow cover contamination by atmospheric precipitation in the dynamics of the winter season.
Conclusion. Concentrations of PAHs and HM varied in different ranges of values and had a non-uniform spatial distribution over the territory. Direct links were found between the content of B(a)P and other polyarenes in the snow cover.
The functional activity of the brain in patients with occupational chronic mercury intoxication against background of the treatment of insomnia disorders
Authors: Protasova Elena N.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. In patients with chronic mercury intoxication, insomnia disorders are much more common than in the general population. Persistent emotional disorders in combination with severe sleep disturbances may contribute to the progression of cognitive dysfunction in patients in the late post-exposure period of chronic mercury intoxication.
The purpose of the study was to analyze the trend in electroencephalography indices and study cognitive evoked potentials in patients with occupational chronic mercury intoxication to optimize the treatment of insomnia.
Materials and methods. Two groups of 30 patients with occupational chronic mercury intoxication, who worked at the enterprises of Usolyekhimprom LLC and Sayanskhimplast OJSC, were examined. In the first group of patients received the first treatment option, the average age was 56±0.71 years, in the second group, cases received the second treatment regimen, were of 57.1±3 years. Before and after treatment, there were carried out neurophysiological studies including polysomnography, electroencephalography, and a study of cognitive evoked potentials P300.
Results. After the implementation of the treatment regimen in the first group, positive changes in the main indices of polysomnography were revealed as follows: decrease in the time of falling asleep and time of wakefulness in the bed, increase in total sleep time and the representation of delta sleep, increase in the sleep efficiency index, etc., electroencephalography (decrease in the delta index – rhythm and an increase in the alpha rhythm index), and cognitive evoked potentials (decreased latency and increased P300 amplitude). In the second group, there were registered positive alterations only in three neurophysiological indices:
a decrease in the latent period of the 1st stage of sleep, a decline in the delta rhythm index and a fall in P300 latency.
Limitations. The results cannot be generalized to workers as the group included only men.
Conclusion. According to neurophysiological studies, improvement in polysomnography parameters during the treatment of insomnia in patients in the late post-contact period of chronic mercury intoxication was accompanied by an improvement in concentration and an increase in the rate of psychomotor response.
Sociocultural and Historical Perspectives on Diversity in Spain
Authors: Lénárt András
Published: October 2024

The image of Spain in the 21st century is defined by the coexistence of the descendants of different peoples who have arrived in the region over the past centuries and decades. Since prehistoric times, the history of the Iberian Peninsula has been marked by interactions between the groups that settled there; sometimes these relationships have involved a certain type of subordination and domination (for example, conqueror versus conquered), and at other times they have been characterised by the peaceful or conflictual coexistence of different societies. Thus, immigration, coexistence and assimilation have always been fundamental to the social and cultural life of Spain. To this day, cultural historians and philosophers have not been able to agree on whether the diversity of society has been an advantage or a disadvantage for the development of Spain. In this article, I will examine the approaches to this social and cultural diversity in different historical periods and the basic arguments used by scholars and scientists to support their beliefs. In analysing the issue, we look at prominent works and authors in Spanish cultural history, searching for and comparing possible arguments. We try to answer the question to what extent the search for homogeneity or diversity has been part of the Spanish self-definition in a given historical period.
Betrachtungen zu einigen siebenbürgisch-sächsischen Handschriftensammlungen aus dem Folklore-Archiv des Forschungsinstituts für Geisteswissenschaften Hermannstadt
Authors: Buzaș Andreea
Published: October 2024

Das Archiv des Vereins der Folklore-Forscher und Ethnographen im Kreis Sibiu (rumänisch abgekürzt AFES), derzeit im Besitz des Forschungsinstituts für Geisteswissenschaften Hermannstadt (ICSU Sibiu), wurde 1977 auf Veranlassung von Professor Ilie Moise gegründet. Das Archiv enthält Sammlungen und Aufzeichnungen, Fragebögen, Manuskripte, Aufsätze und ethnographische Arbeiten, die seit 1950 bis heute von über hundert Forschern der volkstümlichen Kultur aus den wichtigsten ethnografischen Landschaften Rumäniens zusammengetragen wurden. Die vorliegende Studie stellt die wichtigsten Handschriftensammlungen im Archivbestand vor, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf Materialien einiger Minderheiten, insbesondere der Siebenbürger Sachsen, liegt, als einem Zeugnis für die im Süden Siebenbürgens so intensiven kulturellen Wechselwirkungen.
Tatalaksana Pemeliharaan Ternak Kambing Kacang di Kampung Aimasi Distrik Aimasi Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat
Authors: Sherly Nuryuhana  , Nani Zurahmah  , Gallusia Marhaeny Nur Isty
Published: October 2024

Latar belakang: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari lebih lanjut tentang perawatan kambing kacang yang benar dan untuk mengetahui apakah peternak telah menerapkan praktik manajemen yang efektif dalam beternak kambing.
Metode: Penelitian dilakukan selama tiga bulan di Kampung Aimasi, Distrik Aimasi, Kabupaten Manokwari, Provinsi Papua Barat, pada bulan Maret hingga Mei 2024. Metode pengumpulan data  yang digunakan ialah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dengan sumber data primer dan sekunder. Ada dua puluh ekor kambing kacang di kampung aimasi tersebut. Sampel berjumlah enam belas orang peternak kambing kacang diperoleh dengan menerapkan rumus Slovin dengan margin of error 10%. Jenis analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, yaitu mendeskripsikan hasil instrumen wawancara yang diungkapkan secara lisan. Faktor penelitian meliputi limbah, peternakan, pakan, bibit, dan kesehatan dalam kaitannya dengan manajemen pemeliharaan kambing kacang.
Hasil: Temuan studi ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem pemeliharaan intensif yang digunakan dalam konteks ini selalu terkendali dan tidak terekspos. Penting untuk mempertimbangkan faktor internal dan eksternal ketika memilih benih untuk ditanam. 10% dari berat badan hewan harus diberi makan dengan benar. Peternak dapat lebih mudah merawat dan membersihkan kandang dengan kandang panggung yang kokoh. Kambing yang menderita kembung sering kali menunjukkan gejala rasa lapar yang menurun, hewan yang gelisah, dan perut bagian kiri yang menggembung. Agar mendapatkan hasil yang lebih bermanfaat ketika dimanfaatkan, limbah ternak perlu diolah terlebih dahulu.
Kesimpulan: Mulai dari bibit, pakan, tempat berlindung, kesehatan hingga limbah, dipastikan bahwa peternak telah menerapkan manajemen pemeliharaan kambing yang tepat. Faktor-faktor seperti jumlah pendidikan, jumlah hewan yang dimiliki, dan lamanya beternak juga dapat berdampak pada pengelolaan peternakan kambing.
Analisis Tingkat Kepuasan Konsumen terhadap Produk Olahan Sayur Kangkung di Kota Medan
Authors: Sarah Febrianti Sirait  , Juli Winando Lumban Toruan  , Ismawati Ismawati
Published: October 2024

Di era digitalisasi, persaingan di pasar kerja semakin ketat, mendorong para wirausahawan untuk menciptakan produk olahan inovatif guna mempertahankan daya saing mereka dan memastikan kesetiaan konsumen. Syifa Hidroponik merupakan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) yang menghadirkan layanan penjualan sayuran secara online. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat kepuasan konsumen terhadap produk olahan sayur kangkung rendang dan arsik dari Syifa Hidroponik, dengan fokus pada dua tujuan utama: (1) memahami karakteristik konsumen Syifa Hidroponik, dan (2) menganalisis tingkat kepuasan konsumen terhadap produk olahan kangkung rendang dan arsik. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah probabilitas sampling. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dan Indeks Kepuasan Konsumen (Customer Satisfaction Index/C.S.I). Penelitian ini melibatkan 65 responden, mayoritas di antaranya adalah perempuan dengan tingkat pendidikan terutama pada tingkat sarjana, dan memiliki pendapatan bulanan di atas Rp2.500.000,00. Hasil analisis Indeks Kepuasan Konsumen (C.S.I) menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepuasan konsumen terhadap produk kangkung rendang dan arsik dari Syifa Hidroponik mencapai 82,29%. Temuan ini menandakan bahwa konsumen telah merasa puas dengan kualitas produk olahan inovatif kangkung yang ditawarkan oleh Syifa Hidroponik.
Hubungan Faktor Sosio Demografis dengan Partisipasi Anggota dalam Pengembangan Kegiatan Kelompok Wanita Tani (Studi Kasus KWT di Desa Kragan Kecamatan Gondangrejo)
Authors: Sita Rizkiana Fitri  , Sugihardjo Sugihardjo  , Eksa Rusdiyana
Published: October 2024

Wanita memainkan peran krusial dalam sektor pertanian, meskipun tidak terlihat secara eksplisit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1) mengidentifikasi karakteristik sosio demografis kelompok wanita tani 2) mengetahui partisipasi anggota dalam kegiatan kelompok wanita wanita tani 3) menganalisis hubungan antara karakteristik sosio demografis dengan partisipasi kelompok wanita tani. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik survei. Lokasi penelitian dipilih secara purposive yaitu di Desa Kragan, Kecamatan Gondangrejo. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 31 orang yang tersebar pada 7 dusun yaitu Dusun Kragan, Ngabeyan, Geretan, Kauman, Karangwuni, Bulak, dan Serenan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis rank spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi pada tahap perencanaan sebagian besar pada kategori sangat tinggi (58,06%), tahap pelaksanaan sebagian besar pada kategori tinggi (54,84%), tahap pemanfaatan hasil sebagian besar pada kategori tinggi (74,20%), tahap evaluasi sebagian besar pada kategori tinggi (51,62%). Faktor sosio demografis yang memiliki hubungan yang sangat signifikan terhadap partisipasi anggota kelompok wanita tani yaitu pengalaman usahatani. Pendidikan non formal dan lama menjadi angggota kelompok adalah faktor sosio demografis yang memliki hubungan signifikan. Sedangkan faktor sosio demografis yang tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan adalah umur dan pendidikan formal.
Systematic Literature Review: Pertanian Berbasis Agroekologi Untuk Mendukung Pertanian Berkelanjutan
Authors: Melani Anisa Fitri  , Maulia Usni
Published: October 2024

Perkembangan sektor pertanian mendorong berkembangnya sistem pertanian yang berkelanjutan. Salah satu pendekatan yang sejalan dengan konsep pertanian berkelanjutan adalah pertanian berbasis agroekologi yang merepresentasikan hubungan alam, ilmu sosial, ekologi, masyarakat, ekonomi, dan lingkungan yang sehat. Penelitian ini berusaha untuk menguraikan dan menggambarkan terkait pertanian berbasis agroekologi untuk mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan. Metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pendekatan kualitatif dipilih untuk analisis penelitian ini. Poin-poin hasil penguraian dan penjabaran antara lain mengenai uraian tuntas konsep agroekologi, konsep pertanian berkelanjutan, dan bagaimana pengaplikasian di lapangan mengenai pertanian berbasis agroekologi untuk mendukung pertanian berkelanjutan. Terdapat 10 elemen utama dari agroekologi berdasarkan Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Diharapkan agroekologi mampu menghadapi tantangan pertanian berkelanjutan seperti kendala sumber daya manusia, kendala sumber daya alam, kurangnya ketersediaan biomassa, kendala aplikasi teknologi, kendala kelembagaan, dan kendala politik.
Performa Produksi Ayam Pedaging yang diberi Pakan Mengandung Bungkil Kelapa dengan Level Berbeda
Authors: Aynan Hismafanti Gunawan  , Nuun Marfuah  , Sugiarto Sugiarto
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek penambahan bungkil kelapa dalam pakan terhadap performa produksi ayam pedaging. Setiap ayam pada penelitian ini mendapatkan pakan basal yang sama namun dengan salah satu dari perlakuan: pakan basal tanpa penambahan bungkil kelapa P0=Kontrol, pakan basal+5% bukil kelapa (P1), pakan basal+10% bukil kelapa (P2), pakan basal+15% bukil kelapa (P3), pakan basal+20% bukil kelapa (P4). Parameter yang diamati yaitu konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan dan index performa. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis statistik menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola searah. Data yang berbeda nyata akan diuji lanjut dengan uji lanjut Duncan’s new multiple range test. Hasil penelitian penambahan bungkil kelapa pada pakan ayam pedaging berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) pada konsumsi ayam pedaging, penambahan bungkil kelapa pada pakan ayam pedaging berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap pertambahan bobot badan, penambahan bungkil kelapa pada pakan ayam pedaging berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konversi pakan dan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap index performa ayam pedaging. Kesimpulan penambahan bungkil kelapa dengan level berbeda pada pakan ayam pedaging tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap konsumsi dan konversi Pakan, namun meningkatkan pertambahan bobot badan dan hasil index performan yang baik pada ayam pedaging.
Persentase Karkas, Komponen Karkas dan Lemak Abdominal Ayam Pedaging dengan Pemberian Daun Serai (Cymbopogon citratus) pada Alas Kandang Sekam Padi
Authors: Sugiarto Sugiarto  , Nuun Marfuah  , Muhammad Teguh  , Sukisman Abdul Halid  , Saifullah Saifullah
Published: October 2024

Penelitian pemberian daun serai pada alas kandang sekam padi terhadap persentase karkas, komponen karkas dan lemak abdominal ayam pedaging. Metode pemberian persentase daun serai (P0=0; P1=5; P2=10; P3=15; P4=20%) dalam alas kandang sekam padi. Menggunakan RAL dengan uji lanjut Duncan. Parameter yang amati yaitu: persentase karkas, persentase komponen karkas (dada, paha atas, paha bawah, punggung, sayap dan lemak abdominal). Hasil penelitian berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap persentase karkas, dan komponen karkas dada, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap persentase komponen karkas paha atas, paha bawah punggung dan sayap ayam. Perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap penurunan persentase lemak abdominal. Kesimpulan daun serai mengandung zat bioaktif yaitu minyak atsiri, citronnelal, geraniol, sitral, eugenol, kadine, dan kadinol yang dapat memberikan aroma terapy, rasa tenang, sehingga memberikan efek positif pada persentase karkas, komponen karkas dan lemak abdominal ayam pedaging.
Pengaruh Penambahan Persentase Daun Serai (Cymbopogon citratus) pada Alas Kandang Sekam Padi terhadap Performa Produksi Ayam Pedaging
Authors: Nuun Marfuah  , Sugiarto Sugiarto
Published: October 2024

Penelitian penambahan persentase daun serai pada alas kandang sekam padi terhadap performan produksi ayam pedaging. Metode penambahan daun serai (P0=0; P1=5; P2=10; P3=15; P4=20%) dalam alas kandang sekam padi. Menggunakan RAL dengan uji lanjut Duncan. Parameter yang diamati yaitu konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan dan indeks prestasi. Hasil penelitian konsumsi pakan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05), Pertambahan bobot badan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01), terjadi peningkatan konversi pakan dan index prestasi berpengaruh sangat nyata ((P<0,01) pada ayam pedaging. Kesimpulan daun serai mengandung zat bioaktif yaitu minyak atsiri, citronnelal, geraniol, sitral, eugenol, kadine, dan kadinol yang dapat memberikan aroma terapy, rasa tenang, sehingga dapat meningkatkan konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan konversi pakan ayam pedaging, serta mendapatkan nilai indeks performa dengan kategori sangat baik