bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Successful implementation of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol reduces nausea and vomiting in patients after infratentorial craniotomy for tumour resection: a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Lu Dan , Wang Yuan , Zhao Tianzhi , Liu Bolin , Ye Lin , Zhao Lanfu , Zhao Binfang , Li Mingjuan , Ma Lin , Li Zhengmin , Niu Jiangtao , Lv Wenhai , Zhang Yufu , Zheng Tao , Xue Yafei , Chen Lei , Chen Long , Sun Xude , Gao Guodong , Chen Bo , He Shiming
Published: March 2020

Objectives : Infratentorial craniotomy patients have a high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols have been shown in multiple surgical disciplines to improve outcomes, including reduced PONV. However, very few studies have described the application of ERAS to infratentorial craniotomy. The aim of this study was to examine whether our ERAS protocol for infratentorial craniotomy could improve PONV.
Methods : We implemented an evidence-based, multimodal ERAS protocol for patients undergoing infratentorial craniotomy. A total of 105 patients who underwent infratentorial craniotomy were randomized into either the ERAS group (n = 50) or the control group (n = 55). Primary outcomes were the incidence of vomiting, nausea score, and use of rescue antiemetic during the first 72 h after surgery. Secondary outcomes included postoperative anxiety level, sleep quality, and complications.
Results: Over the entire 72 h post-craniotomy observation period, the cumulative incidence of vomiting was significantly lower in the ERAS group than in the control group. Meanwhile, the incidence of vomiting was significantly lower in the ERAS group on postoperative days (PODs) 2 and 3. Notably, the proportion of patients with mild nausea (VAS 0-4) was higher in the ERAS group as compared to the control group on PODs 2 or 3. Additionally, the postoperative anxiety level and quality of sleep were significantly better in the ERAS group.
Conclusion: Successful implementation of our ERAS protocol in infratentorial craniotomy patients could attenuate postoperative anxiety, improve sleep quality, and reduce the incidence of PONV, without increasing the rate of postoperative complications.
Indole -3-acetic acid improves drought tolerance of white clover via activating auxin, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid related genes and inhibiting senescence genes
Authors: Zhang Youzhi , Li Yaping , Hassan Muhammad Jawad , Li Zhou , Peng Yan
Published: March 2020

Background: Auxin may have a positive effect on plants under drought stress. White clover is widely cultivated and often prone to water shortages. In the present study, we investigated the effects of exogenous indole -3-acetic acid (IAA) on growth and physiological changes of white clover under drought stress condition. The contents of endogenous IAA and other hormones including ABA, CTK, JA, GA, IAA, and SA were assayed. Moreover, expressions of auxin-responsive genes, drought-responsive genes and leaf senescence-associated genes were detected in response to exogenous IAA. Results: Compared to control, drought stress alone significantly diminished stem dry weigh, relative water content (RWC) and total chlorophyll content (Chl). Exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased RWC and Chl, whereas L-AOPP treatment drastically decreased stem dry weight, RWC and Chl under drought stress condition. Additionally, exogenous IAA treatment significantly increased ABA content and JA content, up-regulated expression of auxin responsive genes ( GH3.1 , GH3.9 , IAA8 ), drought stress responsive genes ( bZIP11 , DREB2 , MYB14 , MYB48 , WRKY2 , WRKY56 , WRKY108715 and RD22 ), and down-regulated expressions of auxin-responding genes ( GH3.3 , GH3.6 , IAA27 ) and leaf senescence genes ( SAG101 and SAG102 ) in the presence of PEG. Contrarily, L-AOPP treatment significantly reduced contents of ABA, GA3 and JA, down-regulated expressions of GH3.1 , GH3.9 , IAA8 , bZIP11 , DREB2 , MYB14 , MYB48 , WRKY2 , WRKY56 , WRKY108715 , ERD and RD22 , and up-regulated SAG101 and SAG102 . Conclusions: Exogenous IAA improved drought tolerance of white clover possibly due to endogenous plant hormone concentration changes and modulation of genes involving in drought stress response and leaf senescence. These results provided useful information to understand mechanisms of IAA improved drought tolerance in white clover.
Identification and analysis of KLF13 variants in patients with congenital heart disease
Authors: Li Wenjuan , Li Baolei , Li Tingting , Zhang Ergeng , Wang Qingjie , Chen Sun , Sun Kun
Published: March 2020

Background: The protein Kruppel-like factor 13 (KLF13) is a member of the KLF family and has been identified as a cardiac transcription factor that is involved in heart development. However, the relationship between KLF13 variants and CHDs in humans remains largely unknown. The present study aimed to screen the KLF13 variants in CHD patients and genetically analyze the functions of these variants. Methods: KLF13 variants were sequenced in a cohort of 309 CHD patients and population-matched healthy controls (n = 200) using targeted sequencing. To investigate the effect of variants on the functional properties of the KLF13 protein, the expression and subcellular localization of the protein, as well as the transcriptional activities of downstream genes and physical interactions with other transcription factors, were assessed. Results: Two heterozygous variants, c.487C>T (P163S) and c.467G>A (S156N), were identified in two out of 309 CHD patients with tricuspid valve atresia and transposition of the great arteries, respectively. No variants were found among healthy controls. The variant c.467G>A (S156N) had increased protein expression and enhanced functionality compared with the wild type, without affecting the subcellular localization. The other variant, c.487C>T (P163S), did not show any abnormalities in protein expression or subcellular localization; however, it inhibited the transcriptional activities of downstream target genes and physically interacted with TBX5, another cardiac transcription factor. Conclusion: Our results show that the S156N and P163S variants may affect the transcriptional function of KLF13 and physical interaction with TBX5. These results identified KLF13 as a potential genetic risk factor for congenital heart disease.
Aggravated brain injury after neonatal hypoxic ischemia in microglia depleted mice
Authors: Tsuji Shunichiro , Martino Elena Di , Mukai Takeo , Tsuji Shoko , Murakami Takashi , Harris Robert , Blomgren Klas , Aden Ulrika
Published: March 2020

Background: Neuroinflammation plays an important role in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Although microglia are largely responsible for injury-induced inflammatory response, they play beneficial roles in both normal and disease states. However, the effects of microglial depletion on neonatal HIE remain unclear.
Methods: Tamoxifen was administered to Cx3cr1CreER/+Rosa26DTA/+ (microglia-depleted model) and Cx3cr1CreER/+Rosa26DTA/- (control) mice at P8 and P9 to assess the effect of microglial depletion. The density of microglia was quantified using Iba-1 staining. Moreover, the proportion of resident microglia after the HI insult was analyzed using flow cytometric analysis. At P10, the HI insult was conducted using the Rice-Vannucci procedure at P10. The infarct size and apoptotic cells were analyzed at P13. Cytokine analyses were performed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at P13.
Results: At P10, tamoxifen administration induced >99% microglial depletion in DTA+ mice. Following HI insult, there was persisted microglial depletion over 97% at P13. Compared to male DTA- mice, male DTA+ mice exhibited significantly larger infarct volumes; however, there were no significant differences among females. Moreover, compared to male DTA- mice, male DTA+ mice had a significantly higher density of TUNEL+ cells in the caudoputamen, cerebral cortex, and thalamus. Moreover, compared to female DTA- mice, female DTA+ mice showed a significantly greater number of TUNEL+ cells in the hippocampus and thalamus. Compared to DTA- mice, ELISA revealed significantly lower IL-10 and TGF-β levels in both male and female DTA+ mice under both normal conditions and after HI (more pronounced).
Conclusion: We established a microglial depletion model that aggravated neuronal damage and apoptosis after the HI insult, which was predominantly observed in males.
Reverse reaming distraction for acetabular reconstruction of chronic pelvic discontinuity
Authors: Sun Jing-yang , Ni Ming , Ma Hai-yang , Du Yin-qiao , Shen Jun-min , Chen Ji-ying , Zhou Yong-gang , Zhang Guo-qiang
Published: March 2020

Introduction The acetabular distraction technique demonstrates encouraging radiographic and clinical outcomes in treating chronic pelvic discontinuity. The aim of this study is to describe a modified distraction technique and to show our results. Methods This study identified 12 cases of chronic pelvic discontinuity undergoing primary or revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) with the technique of reverse reaming distraction between July 2015 and November 2018. All 12 patients had a minimum followup of 12 months. Radiographs were reviewed to inspect for component loosening. Clinical assessment included the Harris hip score (HHS) and an ambulatory scoring system. Results At the time of final follow-up, no patient was revised. One patient had up to 1 cm migration of the cup in a horizontal or vertical direction and more than 20° change in the abduction angle but was asymptomatic. In the remaining 11 patients, no migration of the component was detected. Both the HHS and ambulatory score showed improvement in all patients. There were no perioperative complications. No postoperative dislocation occured. Conclusions Reverse reaming distraction is a feasible technique in treatment of chronic pelvic discontinuity. Sometimes it can work with the aid of augment or cup-cage construct. When both the superior and inferior portions of the pelvis achieve osteointegration into the porous metal cup, a long-term durability can be expected.
Opening Large-Conductance Potassium Channels Selectively Induced Cell Death of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Sizemore Gina , McLaughlin Sarah , Newman Mackenzie , Brundage Kathleen , Ammer Amanda , Martin Karen , Pugacheva Elena , Coad James , Mattes Malcolm , Yu Han-Gang
Published: March 2020

Background: Unlike other breast cancer subtypes that may be treated with a variety of hormonal or targeted therapies, there is a need to identify new, effective targets for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). It has recently been recognized that membrane potential is depolarized in breast cancer cells. The primary objective of the study is to explore whether hyperpolarization induced by opening potassium channels may provide a new strategy for treatment of TNBC.
Methods: Breast cancer datasets in cBioPortal for cancer genomics was used to search for ion channel gene expression. Immunoblots and immunohistochemistry were used for protein expression in culture cells and in the patient tissues. Electrophysiological patch clamp techniques were used to study properties of BK channels in culture cells. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscope were used for cell viability and cell cycle studies. Ultrasound imaging was used to study xenograft in female NSG mice.
Results: In large datasets of breast cancer patients, we identified a gene, KCNMA1 (encoding for a voltage- and calcium-dependent large-conductance potassium channel, called BK channel), overexpressed in triple-negative breast cancer patients. Although overexpressed, 99% of channels are closed in TNBC cells. Opening BK channels hyperpolarized membrane potential, which induced cell cycle arrest in G2 phase and apoptosis via caspase-3 activation. In a TNBC cell induced xenograft model, treatment with a BK channel opener significantly slowed tumor growth without cardiac toxicity.
Conclusions: Our results support the idea that hyperpolarization induced by opening BK channel in TNBC cells can become a new strategy for development of a targeted therapy in TNBC.
Biomechanical investigation of pelvic stability in developmental dysplasia of the hip: unilateral salter osteotomy versus one-stage bilateral salter osteotomy
Authors: Li Lang , Yang Xiaodong , Song Bo , Jiang Jun , Yang Lei , Tang Xueyang
Published: March 2020

Background Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a common disease in infants and children, and the treatment of bilateral DDH remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the stability of one-stage bilateral Salter pelvic osteotomy for bilateral DDH in patients of walking age. Methods In total, nine child cadavers aged 2–6 years were included. A universal mechanical testing machine was used for stability test. We performed two different surgical procedures on the specimens: nine child cadavers underwent unilateral Salter pelvic osteotomy, and six child cadavers were randomly selected to undergo Salter pelvic osteotomy again to simulate one-stage bilateral Salter pelvic osteotomy. The stability of the bilateral sacroiliac joints, local stability of the operation area, ultimate load test, and axial stiffness were evaluated. Results Both unilateral and bilateral Salter osteotomy could destroy the integrity of the pelvic ring and increase the risk of pelvic instability. In this study, compared with unilateral Salter osteotomy, bilateral Salter osteotomy had similar pelvic stability, and there was no significant difference between unilateral and bilateral Salter osteotomy in sacroiliac joint stability ( p > 0.05), local stability ( p = 0.763), ultimate load ( p = 0.328), and axial stiffness ( p = 0.480). Conclusions One-stage bilateral Salter pelvic osteotomy as a potential surgical method is viable and stable for children with bilateral DDH.
Sequential modelling of the Earth's core magnetic field
Authors: Ropp Guillaume , Lesur Vincent , Baerenzung Julien , Holschneider Matthias
Published: March 2020

We describe a new, original approach to the modelling of the Earth's magnetic field.

The overall objective of this study is to reliably render fast variations of the core field and its secular variation.

This method combines a sequential modelling approach, a Kalman filter, and a correlation based modelling step. All sources that most significantly contribute to the field measured at the surface of the Earth are modelled. Their separation is based on strong prior information on their spatial and temporal behaviours.

We obtain a time series of model distributions which display behaviours similar to those of recent models based on more classic approaches, particularly at large temporal and spatial scales. Interesting new features and periodicities are visible in our models at smaller time and spatial scales.

An important aspect of our method is to yield reliable error bars for all model parameters. These errors, however, are only as reliable as the description of the different sources and the prior information used are realistic.

Finally, we used a slightly different version of our method to produce candidate models for the IGRF-13.
Clinical effects of two-stage joint replacement on septic arthritic knee
Authors: Ni Ming , Fu Jun , Deng Tao , Niu Erlong , Xu Chi , Li Xiang , Chai Wei , Zhang Guoqiang , Chen Jiying
Published: March 2020

Objective: To assess the clinical effect of two staged joint replacement for the treatment of septic arthritic knee and the therapeutic differences between antibiotic cement beads and the tibial plateau spacer.Methods: 26 patients (27 knee joints) treated with spacer (antibiotic cement beads or the tibial plateau spacer) for septic arthritis knee were retrospectively reviewed between 2014 and 2018. At the first stage, thoroughly debridement and irrigation with self-made antibiotic cement beads or tibial plateau spacer was performed; After that, systemic antibiotic treatment was followed; when the infection was surely eliminated, Two-stage TKA was performed. Knee mobility (range of motion, abbreviated to ROM) and function (HSS scores system) were evaluated before surgery, in the interval period, and after joint replacement.Results: All patients finished follow-up and the follow-up time was 27.3 months (12-54 months). 23 patients (24 knee joints) completed the staged surgery as expected, 3 patients in the beads group gave up the second-stage operation after infection elimination. Each group has one patient replaced with a homotypic spacer, and all patients eventually cleared the infection. None of the patients had a recurrent infection. The mobility and HSS scores of the two groups were significantly improved post-operation (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in mobility between the two groups (p=0.153). The HSS score of the tibial plateau spacer group had a better trend of improvement after TKA (p= 0.054).Conclusion: Two-stage TKA is an efficacious way for septic arthritic knees, which can effectively control infection and improve knee function.
Effectiveness of school based social and behavior change communication interventions in improving use of insecticide treated nets among primary school students in rural Ethiopia: A quasi-experimental design
Authors: Ababulgu Fira Abamecha , Gebretsadik Lakew Abebe , Koricha Zewdie Birhanu , Sudhakar Morankar , Lemu Yohannes Kebede , Alemayehu Guda
Published: March 2020

Background: Unequivocally; malaria becomes major health problems among school children. Evidences of coordinated school engaged social and behavior change communication (SBCC) strategy is required to curb the disease; thus keeping momuntem to malaria eliemination. This study examined effectiveness of schools engaged SBCC approach on use of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) among primary school students in malaria endemic settings of Ethiopia.Methods: The school-community engaged SBCC intervention involving various educational and capacity building activities was implemented from Oct.2016 to Sept.2018 in 75 rural schools of Jimma to promote malaria preventive practices both at schools and community levels. A quasi-experimental evaluation design was employed enrolling 798 randomly sampled primary school students (399 interventions and 399 controls). Data were collected using structured questionnaires by interveirwers and analyzed using SPSS 26 Amoss software. Propensity score matching (PSM) technique was applied to create approparite matching. Chi-square and general linear model was conducted to estimate the average effects of the intervention for dichotomous and continous outcomes respectively.Finally; multivariable logistic regression modelling was done to indentify predictors of ITN use. P-value < 5% was considered for statistical significance. Results: Effects of the interventions were observed on all measured psychographic dimensions with self-efficacy (β =25.87, 95% CI: 22.77-28.97) and perception of malaria threat (β =6.38, 95% CI: 4.08-8.68) showing highest and lowest effects respectively. Importantly; a difference of 39% (95% CI: 32.18-45.91) was observed with respect to ITN use between intervention and control groups. Multivarible logistic regression showed access to one and more ITN per two family members was associated to ITN use (AOR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.01-3.07). Similarily; unit increase in self-efficacy (β=0.101, 95% CI: 1.22-2.32), multidimesional knowledge (β=0.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.06) and family support (β=0.04, 95% CI: 1.02-1.06) improve use of ITN by 10%, 4%, and 4% respectively.Conclusion: This study suggested that SBCC impelemetation that draw on combination of various interpersonal communication and stakeholders’ engagement approaches were effective promoting sustained malaria preventive behaviours in school going children. Indeed; it’s important to account for message contents and communication methods targeted to influence knowledge, risk perceptions and behavioral skills combined with family supports, access to ITNs and beyond
How to promote exclusive breastfeeding in Ireland: a qualitative study on views of Chinese immigrant mothers
Authors: Chen Haoyue , Zhou Qianling , Cassidy Tanya M. , Younger Katherine M. , Kearney John M.
Published: March 2020

Background: The exclusive breastfeeding rate in Ireland is very low with extremely slow annual growth. The population of immigrants in Ireland is increasing. Improving exclusive breastfeeding practice among immigrants may contribute to the overall improvement of exclusive breastfeeding rates in Ireland. This study was conducted to elicit recommendations on improving exclusive breastfeeding rate for six months among Chinese immigrants in Ireland.Methods: Fourteen semi-structured in-depth individual interviews were conducted with Chinese immigrant mothers resident in Ireland, who breastfed exclusively for four to six months.Results: Themes generated from thematic content analyses were 1) recommendation for mothers: improve self-intention to breastfeed exclusively and self-efficacy, be financially secure before pregnancy, and obtain breastfeeding information proactively. 2) Recommendation for family members, employers and colleagues, and health care professionals: family members should offer sufficient support. Employers should provide hygienic places for breastmilk storage, and set up breastfeeding rooms and nurseries. Irish hospitals need to advocate exclusive breastfeeding, recruit and train multilingual health care professionals, and combine breastfeeding knowledge with practice in the prenatal education. 3) Recommendation for the government: set up breastfeeding rooms and dedicated rooms for breastfeeding groups, and increase the publicity and visibility of breastfeeding in multiple languages. An independent welfare policy for immigrants was also recommended.Conclusions: The key findings emerging from this study may be considered in the development of breastfeeding promotion strategies in Ireland. Our findings could also have implications for other English-speaking countries with low rates of exclusive breastfeeding.
Sustained Response To Onabotulinumtoxin A In Patients With Chronic Migraine: Real-Life Data
Authors: Ornello Raffaele , Guerzoni Simona , Baraldi Carlo , Evangelista Luana , Frattale Ilaria , Marini Carmine , Tiseo Cindy , Pistoia Francesca , Sacco Simona
Published: March 2020

Background Treatment with onabotulinumtoxin A (BT-A) is safe and effective for chronic migraine (CM). Several studies assessed possible predictors of response to treatment with BT-A, but there is little knowledge on the frequency and predictors of sustained response. The aim of this study was to evaluate sustained response to BT-A in patients with CM. Main body In this prospective open-label study, 115 patients with CM and treated with BT-A were consecutively enrolled in two Italian headache centers and followed up for 15 months. Anytime responders were defined as those patients who achieved a ≥50% reduction in headache days during any three-month treatment cycle compared with the three months prior to initiation of BT-A treatment. Sustained responders were defined as those who achieved a ≥50% reduction in headache days within the third treatment cycle and maintained response until the end of follow-up. Non-responders were defined as those patients who never achieved a ≥50% reduction in headache days during the follow-up. Headache characteristics prior to BT-A treatment were assessed in order to evaluate their ability in predicting treatment response. The 115 enrolled patients (84.3% female; median age 50 years) had a median migraine duration of 30 years (interquartile range 22-38). At the end of follow-up, 66 patients (57.4%) were classified as anytime responders. Among the 51 patients who achieved a clinical response within the third month of treatment, 33 (64.7%) were sustained responders. Patients with sustained response had a lower CM duration (median 31 vs 65 months; P=0.030) and a lower number of headache days (median 25 vs 30; P=0.013) at baseline compared with non-responders. Conclusions About two thirds of patients who gain ≥50% response to BT-A within the third cycle of treatment maintain this positive response over time. More recent onset of CM and more headache-free days at baseline are associated with sustained response. We suggest not to delay preventive treatment of CM with BT-A, in order to increase the likelihood to achieve sustained clinical response.
The Effect of Self-Loading on the Mechano-Stability and Stalk Lodging Resistance of Plant Stems
Authors: Stubbs Christopher J , Oduntan Yusuf , Keep Tyrone , Noble Scott D , Robertson Daniel J
Published: March 2020

Background Stalk lodging (breaking of agricultural plant stalks prior to harvest) is a multi-billion dollar a year problem. Stalk lodging occurs when bending moments induced by a combination of external loading (e.g. wind) and self-loading (e.g. the plant’s own weight) exceed the bending strength of plant stems. Previous biomechanical plant stem models have investigated both external loading and self-loading of plants, but have evaluated them as separate and independent phenomena. However, these two types of loading are highly interconnected and mutually dependent. The purpose of this paper is twofold: (1) to investigate the combined effect of external loads and plant weight on the displacement and stress state of plant stems / stalks, and (2) to provide a generalized framework for accounting for self-weight during mechanical phenotyping experiments used to predict stalk lodging resistance.Results A method of properly accounting for the interconnected relationship between self-loading and external loading of plants stems is presented. The interconnected set of equations are used to produce user-friendly applications by presenting (1) simplified self-loading correction factors for a number of common external loading configurations of plants, and (2) a generalized Microsoft Excel framework that calculates the influence of self-loading on crop stems. The effect of self-loading on the structural integrity of wheat is examined in detail. A survey of several other plants is conducted and the influence of self-loading on their structural integrity is also presented.Conclusions The self-loading of plants plays a potentially critical role on the structural integrity of plant stems. Equations and tools provided herein enable researchers to account for the plant’s weight when investigating the flexural rigidity and bending strength of plant stems.
Correlation of Catecholamine Content and Clinical Influencing Factors in Depression among Psoriasis Patients: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Shu Hui-Ling , Fang Jing , Xia Deng-Mei , Wang Zheng-Qun , Mi Wen-Yao , Zhang Xue-Li , Chang-qiang Li
Published: March 2020

Backgroud: This study sought to investigate the clinical influencing factors of patients with psoriasis vulgaris complicated with depression, and to analyze whether the content of monoamine neurotransmitters in plasma was correlated with depression incidence among psoriasis patients. Methods Ninety patients aged 18-60 years with psoriasis vulgaris referred to the dermatology department and 40 healthy volunteers aged 18-60 years referred to the physical examination center of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University were included. Questionnaires were administered in both groups to obtain basic patient information, Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD), and Athens Insomnia Scale(AIS) scores. The questionnaire only for patients with psoriasis vulgaris included the course of disease, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). The catecholamine in plasma from the two groups was analyzed by radioimmunoassay. The data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software. Results: The mean HAMD (P=0.034) and mean AIS scores (P=0.001) of the psoriasis patients were higher than those of the control group, while the mean content of dopamine (P=0.004) and adrenaline in the plasma (P=0.007) of the psoriasis group were lower than those of the control group. Dopamine content in the plasma was lower (comparing psoriasis patients without depression and the control group: P<0.001), and was negatively correlated with HAMD, (P<0.05), AIS (P<0.05), and PASI scores (P<0.05) in the psoriasis patients with depression. There was no significant difference in the epinephrine and norepinephrine contents in all groups. PASI scores were positively correlated with HAMD scores in patients with psoriasis vulgaris, and the mean dopamine content in the patients with depression (P=0.001) was significantly lower than in those without depression. The low dopamine content and high PASI and DLQI scores were the risk factors for depression among the patient population. Conclusion: Psoriasis patients have a significantly higher risk of depression than healthy people, and higher PASI scores were linked to a higher incidence of depression. The dopamine levels of patients were influenced by both psoriasis and depression. The risk factors for depression in psoriasis patients are low dopamine levels in the plasma, severe skin lesions, and lower quality of life.
Clinical Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Infections Involving 325 Hospitalized Patients outside Wuhan
Authors: Li Qiang , Ling Yun , Zhang Jianliang , Li Weixia , Zhang Xiaoyu , Jin Yinpeng , Li Li , Fu Qingchun , Huang Yuxian , Lu Hongzhou , Chen Liang
Published: March 2020

Background/Objective To date, the clinical features of SARS-CoV-2 infections were reported mainly based on cases in Wuhan. We aimed to report the clinical features of SARS-CoV-2 infections outside Wuhan. Methods We analyzed 325 SARS-COV-2 infection patients hospitalized in Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center. The epidemiological, demographic, and clinical data were compared between severe and non-severe cases. Results Of 325 patients, the median age was 51 years, 167 (51.4%) were men, and 107 (32.9%) had underlying diseases. 159 (48.9%) visited Wuhan or had contacted with people from Wuhan, but 57 (17.5%) had no clear epidemiological history. Compared with non-severe patients (n=299, 92%), severe patients (n=26, 8%) were older, had more common underlying disorder, more common lymphopenia, and higher D-dimer, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, procalcitonin, C-reactive-protein, and troponin I level. The common complications included secondary infection (12.3%), acute cardiac injury (9.2%), ARDS (5.5%), acute kidney injury (5.8%), and shock (4.9%). To Mar 12, 311 (95.7%) patients were discharged, 3 (0.9%) died, and 11 (3.4%) still hospitalized. Conclusions The severity rate and fatality rate were low if the measures (early isolation, early diagnosis and early management) were undertaken at the early time of the outbreak.
Intralipid postconditioning in patients of Cardiac surgery undergoing cardioPulmonary Bypass (iCPB): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Xiong Hui , Zhang Yan , Yu Hong , Zhou Rong-Hua
Published: March 2020

Background: Intralipid is a necessary fatty acid carrier that has been safely used as an energy supplier in the clinic. It has played an important role in rescuing the cardiac arrest caused by local anesthetic toxicity. In recent years, experimental studies have shown that intralipid postconditioning (ILPC) could reduce myocardial ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injuries. Our research group has innovatively conducted a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) and the results showed that ILPC could reduce the release of cTnT and CK-MB, biomarkers of myocardial I/R injury, in valve replacement surgery. However, the potential effects of ILPC on the clinical outcome of adult cardiac surgery patients are unclear. Intralipid postconditioning in patients of cardiac surgery undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (iCPB) trial is aimed to further study whether ILPC could improve short-term and long-term clinical outcome, as well as cardiac function in adult cardiac surgery patients.Methods: The iCPB trial is an ongoing, single-center, prospective, double blinded, large sample RCT. In total, 1000 adults undergoing cardiac surgery will be randomly allocated to either ILPC group or the control group. Intervention group received an intravenous infusion of 2 mL/kg of 20% intralipid (medium-chain and long-chain fat emulsion injection C6~C24, Pharmaceutical) within 10 minutes before aortic cross-unclamping, and the control group received an equivalent volume of normal saline. The primary endpoints are complex morbidity of major complications during hospitalization, and all-cause mortality within 30 days after surgery. The secondary endpoints include: (1) all-cause mortality 6 months and 1 year postoperatively, (2) the quality of life within 1 year after surgery，using QoR-15 questionnaire, (3) the postoperative cardiac function evaluated by LVEF, LVEDs, LVEDD, and the myocardial injury evaluated by CK-MB, cTnT, BNP, (4) short-term clinical outcomes during hospitalization and total cost are also detailed evaluated.Discussion: The iCPB trial is the first to explore ILPC on the clinical outcome of adult cardiac surgery patients. The results are expected to provide potential evidences about whether ILPC could reduce the morbidity and mortality, improve the cardiac function and quality of life. Therefore, provide a rationale for the evaluation of the potentially clinically relevant benefit of intralipid therapy.Trial registration: Chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR1900024387. Prospectively registered on 9 July 2019.
miR-148a-3p inhibits DNMT1-mediated methylation of VEGF and promotes proliferation and invasion in glioma cells via the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway
Authors: Huo Jun-feng , Chen Xiao-bing
Published: March 2020

Background: Abnormal DNA methylation in the promoter region of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been observed in multiple types of cancer. Increasing evidence shows that miR-148a-3p is involved in the regulation of methylation. However, it is unclear how miR-148a-3p regulates VEGF methylation.Methods: Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) and bisulfate-sequencing PCR (BSP) were performed to detect the methylation level of the VEGF promoter region in glioma tissues and cell lines. Then, we used RT-qPCR to detect the expression of miR-148a-3p and VEGF in glioma tissues and cell lines. Human glioma U87 cells were transfected with miR-148a-3p mimic or a pcDNA3.1 overexpression vector of VEGF, and then, the proliferation, invasion and apoptosis of U87 cells were examined with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Transwell assay and Flow cytometry, respectively. We next examined the relationship between DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and miR-148a-3p with online prediction and luciferase reporter gene experiments. Furthermore, we also used Western blotting to detect the protein levels of VEGF, DNMT1, PI3K, Akt and eNOS.Results: Both miR-148a-3p and VEGF were significantly up-regulated, and the promoter methylation of VEGF was hypomethylation in glioma. Overexpression miR-148a-3p or VEGF promoted the proliferation and invasion of U87 cells and inhibited the apoptosis. Silencing VEGF inhibited U87 cells proliferation and invasion and induced the apoptosis. Furthermore, miR-148a-3p regulated DNMT1 at the post-transcriptional. Overexpression of DNMT1 mediated an increase in the methylation level of VEGF, which reduced the expression of VEGF in U87 cells. The opposite was exact when DNMT1 was silenced. We also observed that silencing VEGF inhibited the activation of the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway and induced U87 cell apoptosis.Conclusion: These results indicated that miR-148a-3p down-regulates VEGF methylation by targeting DNMT1 and promotes the proliferation, invasion of the glioma cell through the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway.
Prevalence of Bullying and Victimization Among Primary School Students of Higher Grades in Riyadh: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Haddad Bander , Al-Madi Mohammed , Alsudais Moath , AlMedimegh Faisal , Alharthi Saqer , Al-Oraini Faisal
Published: March 2020

Background: The current study aims to know the prevalence, effects and types of bullying at primary schools of Riyadh city for both male and female.Methods: Male and female students at primary schools in Riyadh city are targeted using Cross-sectional study method. 517 students are included in this study 55.3% are female and 44.7% are male. Riyadh primary schools were divided into five groups according to geographic region North, South, East, West and Middle. The surveys were conducted after the approval of school's principals. In order to get an accurate response, the survey was distributed to student in classrooms in papers.Results: 517 students participated in the study. Out of four regions the proportion from the Southern region were the highest at 187 (36.2%). The levels of bullying and victimization was low. Compared to female students, male students showed statistically significant higher bullying and victimization rates. Compared to the five regions in Riyadh city the bullying and victimization rate is highest in the Eastern region, and lower in the southern region.Conclusion: The study shows that the levels of bullying and victimization at Riyadh's primary schools was low. Furthermore, research studies about bullying and victimization prevalence rates are not enough and need more researches to improve the intervention and prevent the side effect of it.
USP46 inhibits cell proliferation in lung cancer through PHLPP1/AKT pathway
Authors: Wang Wei , Chen Meng , Xu Hailing , Lv Dongqing , Zhou Suna , Yang Haihua
Published: March 2020

Background: USP46 has been shown to function as tumor suppressor in colon cancer and renal cell carcinoma. However, its specific role in other cancers remains unknown. This study was aimed to investigate the role of USP46 in lung cancer tumorigenesis, and to identify the underlying mechanism. Methods: Quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western Blotting (WB) were used to measure the expression levels of USP46 and PHLPP1 in lung cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue from lung cancer patients. The functional role of USP46 in regulating proliferation in lung cancer cells were examined by cell proliferation assay, radiation assay, genetic overexpression and knock down and chemical inhibition of relevant genes. The underlying mechanisms were investigated in multiple lung cancer cell line models by co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays. Results: This study identified strong downregulation of USP46 and PHLPP1 expression in lung cancer tissues relative to normal adjacent tissues. USP46 was further shown to inhibit lung cancer cell proliferation under normal growth conditions and during radiation induced DNA damage by antagonizing the ubiquitination of PHLPP1 resulting in the inhibition of AKT signaling. The effect of USP46 knock down on lung cancer cell proliferation was significantly reversed by exposure to radiation and AKT inhibition. Conclusions: USP46 is down-regulated in lung cancer, and it suppresses proliferation of lung cancer cells by inhibiting PHLPP1/AKT pathway. AKT inhibition slows proliferation of USP46 down-regulated lung cancer cells exposed to radiation suggesting a potential therapeutic avenue for USP46 down-regulated lung cancer through a combination of radiation and AKT inhibitor treatment.
Indoor Gardening with Hydroponics: A Reddit Community Analysis to Identify Knowledge Gaps
Authors: Solis-Toapanta Elisa , Kirilenko Andrei , Gómez Celina
Published: March 2020

Social media platforms such as Reddit, centered on user-generated, anonymous discussions, can facilitate the exchange of information and resources across niche online communities known as “subreddits.” Using data mining tools and content analysis methods, our objectives were to identify recurring questions and characterize comment (“response”) accuracy from four subreddits focused on hydroponic indoor gardening (r/hydro, r/Hydroponics, r/UrbanFarming, and r/Aerogarden). A total of 1617 original posts (OPs) were classified into one of ten topics and 4891 primary responses were analyzed for accuracy. The three topics with the most OPs (production systems, plant lighting, and root-zone environment), which accounted for 50% of the total OPs, were subcategorized and inductively analyzed. Most posts in the analyzed subreddits related to confusion regarding the design and implementation of appropriate hydroponic production systems. In addition, misinformation about plant lighting is a major part of discussions about growing plants indoors. There are also knowledge gaps regarding nutrient solution management, particularly about fertilizer formulation, pH balance, and on the impact that solution temperature has on plant growth and development. In general, there were no differences among response accuracy for all topics included in our analysis. However, regardless of topic, responses for most OPs had less than 50% accuracy, which demonstrates that misinformation can be disseminated in social media platforms such as Reddit. As suggested by the results of this study, targeted, open access research and outreach efforts offer an opportunity to address knowledge gaps among consumers interested in indoor gardening.
Visão integrada na conduta clínica frente ao freio patológico labial superior e a sua influência no diastema mediano superior
Authors: Rohr R. I. T. , Campos D. M. K. S. , Miotto M. H. M. B.
Published: March 2020

Freio teto labial; Freio hipertrófico; Diastema mediano superios; Sutura intermaxilar; Frenectomia.
Utilização da radiografia de subtração para avaliação de alterações ósseas no tratamento periodontal
Authors: Ribeiro E. A. , Feitosa A. C. R.
Published: March 2020

Radiografia de subtração; Alterações ósseas.
Perfil do técnico em higiene dental (THD) no Estado de São Paulos: relevância econômica de seu trabalho
Authors: Biazevic Maria Gabriela Haye , Loureiro Carlos Alfredo
Published: March 2020

Higienista dental; Economia.
O uso da clorexidina em pacientes submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico com aparelhos fixos
Authors: Puppin Filho Aldino , Feitosa Alfredo Carlos Rodrigues , Ganhoto Maria Rebeca Amaral
Published: March 2020

Clorexidina; Placa bacteriana; Aparelho ortodôntico fixo.
Estudo epidemiológico da retenção prolongada de dentes decíduos
Authors: Badauy Cristiano Macabú
Published: March 2020

Dente decíduo; Jovem; Adulto.
Análise das alterações dimensionais das siliconas de moldagem
Authors: Silveira Fábio Polati da , Fernandes Marco Aurélio Otaviano , Andrade Tonymar Barbosa de
Published: March 2020

Silicona de adição; Silicona de condensação; Variação dimensional.
Correlação infecção focal dentária x manifestações sistêmicas: uma análise documental e radiográfica
Authors: Bermond Carla Guimarães , Barros Liliana Aparecida Pimenta de
Published: March 2020

Infecção focal dentária; Doenças cardiovasculares; Lesão periapical.
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) Studies for the Inhibition of MAOs
Authors: Ramesh Muthusamy , Muthuraman Arunachalam
Published: March 2020

Monoamine oxidases are the crucial drug targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative
disorders like depression, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. The enzymes catalyze the
oxidative deamination of several monoamine containing neurotransmitters, i.e. serotonin (5-HT),
melatonin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, phenylethylamine, benzylamine, dopamine, tyramine, etc.
The oxidative reaction of monoamine oxidases results in the production of hydrogen peroxide that
leads to the neurodegeneration process. Therefore, the inhibition of monoamine oxidases has
shown a profound effect against neurodegenerative diseases. At present, the design and development
of newer lead molecules for the inhibition of monoamine oxidases are under intensive research in the
field of medicinal chemistry. Recently, the advancement in QSAR methodologies has shown
considerable interest in the development of monoamine oxidase inhibitors. The present review
describes the development of QSAR methodologies, and their role in the design of newer
monoamine oxidase inhibitors. It will assist the medicinal chemist in the identification of selective
and potent monoamine oxidase inhibitors from various chemical scaffolds.
Nanovesicular Photodynamic Clinical Treatment of Resistant Plantar Warts
Authors: Fadel Maha , Kassab Kawser , Samy Nevien , Abdelfadeel Doaa , Yassin Ghada , Nasr Maha
Published: March 2020

Background:

Photodynamic therapy which involves the use of photosensitizer molecule activated
by a light source was proven very promising for the treatment of dermatological diseases, especially
the resistant ones such as recalcitrant Plantar Warts (PW).

Objective:

However, its efficacy is hindered by the poor permeation of the photosensitizer molecule
required to initiate skin photo-induced effects.

Methods:

In this manuscript, the efficiency of the nano-vesicular system (transfersomes) as a potential
topical drug delivery system for the photosensitizer methylene blue (MB) was investigated following
clinical Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) in patients suffering from PW.

Results:

Results revealed that MB transfersomal gel displayed a higher complete healing percentage for
the lesions compared to the free MB gel (86.67% versus 53.57%) achieved at a lower number of treatment
sessions (2.2 versus 4.14). Patients reported no signs of pain or inflammation, with no recurrence
of the lesions during the follow up period of 8 months.

Conclusion:

PDT using transfersomal MB is an effective and safe therapeutic modality for the treatment
of PW.
Novel and Predictive QSAR Model for Steroidal and Nonsteroidal 5α- Reductase Type II Inhibitors
Authors: Mando Huda , Hassan Ahmad , Gharaghani Sajjad
Published: March 2020

Background:

In this study, a novel quantitative structure activity relationship
(QSAR) model has been developed for inhibitors of human 5-alpha reductase type II, which are
used to treat benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH).

Methods:

The dataset consisted of 113 compounds-mainly nonsteroidal-with known inhibitory
concentration. Then 3D structures of compounds were optimized and molecular structure descriptors
were calculated. The stepwise multiple linear regression was used to select descriptors
encoding the inhibitory activity of the compounds. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was used to
build up the linear QSAR model.

Results:

The results obtained revealed that the descriptors which best describe the activity were
atom type electropological state, carbon type, radial distribution function (RDF), barysz matrix
and molecular linear free energy relation. The suggested model could achieve satisfied square correlation
coefficient of R2 = 0.72, higher than of many previous studies, indicating its superiority.
Rigid validation criteria were met using external data with Q2 ˃ 0.5 and R2 = 0.75, reflecting the
predictive power of the model.

Conclusion:

The QSAR model was applied for screening botanical components of herbal preparations
used to treat BPH, and could predict the activity of some, among others, making reasonable
attribution to the proposed effect of these preparations. Gamma tocopherol was found to be an active
inhibitor, in consistence with many previous studies, anticipating the power of this model in
the prediction of new candidate molecules and suggesting further investigations.