bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tuning the viscoelastic properties of peptide coacervates by single amino acid mutations and salt kosmotropicity
Authors: Wu Xi , Sun Yue , Yu Jing , Miserez Ali
Published: January 2024

Coacervation, or liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of biomacromolecules, is increasingly recognized to play an important role both intracellularly and in the extracellular space. Central questions that remain to be addressed are the links between the material properties of coacervates (condensates) and both the primary and the secondary structures of their constitutive building blocks. Short LLPS-prone peptides, such as GY23 variants explored in this study, are ideal model systems to investigate these links because simple sequence modifications and the chemical environment strongly affect the viscoelastic properties of coacervates. Herein, a systematic investigation of the structure/property relationships of peptide coacervates was conducted using GY23 variants, combining biophysical characterization (plate rheology and surface force apparatus, SFA) with secondary structure investigations by infrared (IR) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Mutating specific residues into either more hydrophobic or more hydrophilic residues strongly regulates the viscoelastic properties of GY23 coacervates. Furthermore, the ionic strength and kosmotropic characteristics (Hofmeister series) of the buffer in which LLPS is induced also significantly impact the properties of formed coacervates. Structural investigations by CD and IR indicate a direct correlation between variations in properties induced by endogenous (peptide sequence) or exogenous (ionic strength, kosmotropic characteristics, aging) factors and the β-sheet content within coacervates. These findings provide valuable insights to rationally design short peptide coacervates with programmable materials properties that are increasingly used in biomedical applications.
Somatic mouse models of gastric cancer reveal genotype-specific features of metastatic disease
Authors: Leibold Josef , Tsanov Kaloyan M. , Amor Corina , Ho Yu-Jui , Sánchez-Rivera Francisco J. , Feucht Judith , Baslan Timour , Chen Hsuan-An , Tian Sha , Simon Janelle , Wuest Alexandra , Wilkinson John E. , Lowe Scott W.
Published: January 2024

Metastatic gastric carcinoma is a highly lethal cancer that responds poorly to conventional and molecularly targeted therapies. Despite its clinical relevance, the mechanisms underlying the behavior and therapeutic response of this disease are poorly understood owing, in part, to a paucity of tractable models. Here we developed methods to somatically introduce different oncogenic lesions directly into the murine gastric epithelium. Genotypic configurations observed in patients produced metastatic gastric cancers that recapitulated the histological, molecular and clinical features of all nonviral molecular subtypes of the human disease. Applying this platform to both wild-type and immunodeficient mice revealed previously unappreciated links between the genotype, organotropism and immune surveillance of metastatic cells, which produced distinct patterns of metastasis that were mirrored in patients. Our results establish a highly portable platform for generating autochthonous cancer models with flexible genotypes and host backgrounds, which can unravel mechanisms of gastric tumorigenesis or test new therapeutic concepts.
Physical Model Construction
Authors: Vega-Ramon Fernando , Zhang Dongda
Published: January 2024

Physical models of reacting systems aim to generalise experimental observations and mechanistic process understanding solely through the application of chemical kinetics principles and without the incorporation of any data-driven approaches. At this chapter’s core are the fundamental concepts of the mass-action law and pseudo-steady-state hypothesis, the application of which is exemplified through the derivation of both chemical and biochemical kinetic models. In virtue of its indispensable role during model development, deterministic optimisation theory is also introduced to illustrate the formulation and solution of constrained optimisation problems, with particular focus on nonlinear parameter estimation problems. This lays the theoretical foundation for model construction methodologies explored in latter chapters.
Constructing Time-varying and History-dependent Kinetic Models Via Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Mowbray Max , Del Rio Chanona Ehecatl Antonio , Zhang Dongda
Published: January 2024

In Chapter 8, we demonstrated how to identify an accurate lumped kinetic model structure through reaction network reduction. However, this problem can become challenging if the kinetic parameters are time-varying due to continuous changes of catalyst and enzyme reactivity. Using machine learning methods, in Chapters 3 and 9, we have demonstrated that hybrid modelling provides an effective solution to account for the time-varying nature of kinetic parameters, reducing the model uncertainty. However, another longstanding challenge for predictive modelling of complex chemical and biochemical reactions is their history-dependent behaviour. For example, bistable reactions have ‘memory’ and their trajectories are dependent on past process conditions. Simultaneously resolving history-dependent kinetic model structure identification and time-varying parameter estimation has rarely been studied due to the complexity of the underlying mechanisms and lack of efficient mathematical optimisation algorithms. Therefore, in this chapter, we adopt reinforcement learning (RL) to resolve this challenge by integrating it with hybrid modelling. This chapter introduces a novel three-step modelling framework: (i) speculate and combine possible kinetic model structures sourced from process and phenomenological knowledge, (ii) identify the most likely kinetic model structure and its parameter values using RL and (iii) validate the hybrid model identified. To demonstrate the applicability of the framework, in silico experiments explore three different biochemical scenarios. The results show that the proposed framework efficiently constructs hybrid models to quantify both time-varying and history-dependent kinetic behaviours while minimising the risks of over-parametrisation and over-fitting, highlighting the potential of this framework for general chemical and biochemical reaction modelling.
Nanoscale polymer discs, toroids and platelets: a survey of their syntheses and potential applications
Authors: Brisson Emma R. L. , Worthington Max J. H. , Kerai Simran , Müllner Markus
Published: January 2024

In this review, we focus on nanoscale polymer discs, toroids, and platelets. We illustrate design rules, group polymer compositions and discuss commonly used self-assembly strategies. We summarise and look ahead to potential applications of these polymer nanomaterials.
Identification of Skp1 as a target of mercury sulfide for neuroprotection
Authors: Zhao Mei-Mei , Li Lu-Di , Yang Mi-Mi , Yao Lu , Wang Qi , Zeng Ke-Wu
Published: January 2024

We designed a biotin-tagged HgS probe and identified S-phase kinase-associated protein 1 (Skp1) as the target protein of HgS. HgS selectively binds to Skp1 in a “Cys-HgS-Cys” mode.
Gas-phase preparation of the dibenzo[e,l]pyrene (C24H14) butterfly molecule via a phenyl radical-mediated ring annulation
Authors: Goettl Shane J. , Turner Andrew M. , Sun Bing-Jian , Chang Agnes H. H. , Hemberger Patrick , Kaiser Ralf I.
Published: January 2024

Molecular beam and computational investigations reveal an aryl radical-mediated gas-phase reaction network to form the dibenzo[e,l]pyrene (C24H14) butterfly molecule at high temperatures.
Chemical recycling of polyolefins via ring-closing metathesis depolymerization
Authors: Ibrahim Tarek , Ritacco Angelo , Nalley Daniel , Emon Omar Faruk , Liang Yifei , Sun Hao
Published: January 2024

Ring-closing metathesis depolymerization (RCMD) is a robust approach to recycle and upcycle polyolefin materials. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in closed-loop recycling of polymers enabled by the RCMD approach.
An active Ni(OH)2/MnCO3 catalyst with efficient synergism for alkaline methanol oxidation
Authors: Liu Chunru , Yang Fulin , Yang Yun , Wang Shuli , Feng Ligang
Published: January 2024

The combined Ni(OH)2/MnCO3 hybrid catalyst showed high-performing alkaline methanol electro-oxidation due to the good synergistic catalysis effect from the Jahn–Teller distortion effect.
New drug–drug and drug–nutraceutical salts of anti-emetic drug domperidone: structural and physicochemical aspects of new salts
Authors: Nechipadappu Sunil Kumar , Swain Debasish
Published: January 2024

Eight new drug–drug/drug–nutraceutical salts of the anti-emetic drug domperidone is prepared and the structural and the physicochemical properties are evaluated.
Construction of heterostructured BiVO4-{010}/Ag plasmonic photocatalysts by multi-object synchronous optimization of the microstructure of BiVO4 for significantly enhanced visible light driven photocatalytic performance
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Shuang , Lin Meixi , Luo Haiqi , Chen Luhuan , Teng Honghui , Zhao Guosheng
Published: January 2024

A BiVO4-{010}/Ag composite is obtained by multi-object synchronous optimization of microstructure of BiVO4. Synergy of the microstructure and the {010} facet–Ag junction boosts photocatalytic performance. A possible mechanism is proposed.
Core-ionization spectrum of liquid water
Authors: Dey Sourav , Folkestad Sarai Dery , Paul Alexander C. , Koch Henrik , Krylov Anna I.
Published: January 2024

We present state-of-the-art calculations of the core-ionization spectrum of water.
Molecular rectification induced by magnetization alignment in organic-ferromagnetic devices
Authors: Ma H. , Li H. X. , Zhang H. Q. , Wang Y. , Li J. T. , Wang C. , Ren J. F. , Hu G. C.
Published: January 2024

Molecular rectification induced by magnetization alignment with controllable rectifying direction by a magnetic field.
Electron- and positron-driven molecular processes for H2O, CO2, and NH3 in their gas and ice phases
Authors: Barad Neha , Limbachiya Chetan
Published: January 2024

Unveiling the molecular chemistry of H2O, CO2, and NH3 in gas and ice phases by electron and positron interactions. This is the first work on e−-NH3 (ice) and introduces novel model to probe positron-driven molecular processes for condensed phase.
Design of a new Li-rich Mn-based ternary cathode material based on the Ni, Co, and Mn action mechanism
Authors: Yin Chengbin , Wu Keyang , Liu Chengzhou , Ma Beibei , Rong Ju , Wang Yuan
Published: January 2024

By adjusting the ratios of Ni, Co, and Mn elements, Li1.2Ni0.15Co0.1Mn0.55O2 exhibits good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and stability.
Biaxial compressive strain enhances calcium binding and mobility on two-dimensional Sc2C: a density functional theory investigation
Authors: Putungan Darwin B. , Llemit Christian Loer T. , Santos-Putungan Alexandra B. , Sarmago Roland V. , Gebauer Ralph
Published: January 2024

Biaxial compressive strain on the Sc2C monolayer enhances calcium's binding energy and significantly reduces its diffusion energy barrier.
Investigation of nonlinear optical properties in α-A2BB′O6 (A = Li, Na, K; B = Ti, Zr, Hf; B′ = Se, Te) by first-principles calculations
Authors: Fang Gaojing , Teng Xiaojun , Yan Luo , Wu Yu , Xue Kui , Zhang Xiaofeng , Ding Yi-min , Zhou Liujiang , Wen Qiye
Published: January 2024

The electronic and nonlinear optical properties of A2BB′O6 materials are studied comprehensively, where the SHG coefficient is directly proportional to the value of total dipole moment and distortion, and inversely proportional to the bandgap.
Site specifically probing the unfolding process of human telomere i-motif DNA using vibrationally enhanced alkynyl stretch
Authors: Dong Tiantian , Yu Pengyun , Zhao Juan , Wang Jianping
Published: January 2024

The microscopic unfolding process of a cytosine-rich DNA forming i-motif by hemi-protonated base pairs is related to gene regulation.
Boron-doped graphene topological defects: unveiling high sensitivity to NO molecule for gas sensing applications
Authors: Rao B. Keshav , Cabral Tadeu Luiz Gomes , Rodrigues Debora Carvalho de Melo , de Souza Fábio A. L. , Scopel Wanderlã L. , Amorim Rodrigo G. , Pandey Ravindra
Published: January 2024

B-Doped topological line defects were investigated as a gas sensor showing a high sensitivity for NO gas.
Hydration of biologically relevant tetramethylammonium cation by neutron scattering and molecular dynamics
Authors: Mason Philip E. , Martinek Tomas , Fábián Balázs , Vazdar Mario , Jungwirth Pavel , Tichacek Ondrej , Duboué-Dijon Elise , Martinez-Seara Hector
Published: January 2024

Neutron scattering and molecular dynamics studies were performed on a concentrated aqueous tetramethylammonium chloride solution to study the hydration shell structure of TMA, which is relevant for understanding its behavior in biological context.
Dynamics of dissociative electron attachment to aliphatic thiols
Authors: Das Sukanta , Prabhudesai Vaibhav S.
Published: January 2024

Dissociative electron attachment shows functional group-dependent site selectivity in H− ion channels in aliphatic thiols. It also results in energetic S− ions by a sequential dissociation, a reaction applicable to thiol-containing atmospheres.
Stimulated radiative association of sodium and chlorine atoms and their ions in a coupled channel treatment
Authors: Šimsová née Zámečníková Martina , Gustafsson Magnus , Nyman Gunnar , Soldán Pavel
Published: January 2024

Formation of NaCl by radiative association is studied by non-adiabatic dynamics at background temperatures ranging up to 50 000 K.
Deciphering the photophysical properties of naphthalimide derivatives using ultrafast spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Wei , Ma Yalei , Song Hongwei , Miao Rong , Kong Jie , Zhou Meng
Published: January 2024

The TICT mechanism of naphthalimide derivative was investigated by ultrafast spectroscopy, unraveling the dielectronic constant controlled excited state evolution from LE/ICT to the TICT state accompanied by the molecular rearrangement.
Enhanced fluidity of water in superhydrophobic nanotubes: estimating viscosity using jump-corrected confined Stokes–Einstein approach
Authors: Khan Golam Rosul , Daschakraborty Snehasis
Published: January 2024

Viscosity of water inside model superhydrophobic nanotube is lower than that inside hydrophobic nanotube as revealed by the Jump-corrected confined Stokes–Einstein formalism.
Steering the electronic communication between Al/Ru bimetallic clusters in metal–organic framework composites for accelerating hydrogen evolution kinetics
Authors: Song Xueting , Yang Haifeng , Zhang Chenghua , Zhang Guizhi , Wu Hong , He Youzhou , Fu Min , Liu Xingyan , Li Siqi , Wei Siping
Published: January 2024

Synergistically modulating electron distribution between metal nodes in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) is an effective strategy to improve the electrocatalytic performance of MOFs.
Cytotoxic Pt(ii) complexes containing alizarin: a selective carrier for DNA metalation
Authors: Caligiuri Rossella , Massai Lara , Geri Andrea , Ricciardi Loredana , Godbert Nicolas , Facchetti Giorgio , Lupo Maria Giovanna , Rossi Ilaria , Coffetti Giulia , Moraschi Martina , Sicilia Emilia , Vigna Vincenzo , Messori Luigi , Ferri Nicola , Mazzone Gloria , Aiello Iolinda , Rimoldi Isabella
Published: January 2024

A series of neutral Pt(ii) complexes, bearing alizarin, were synthesized and characterized. In vitro cytotoxicity against triple negative breast cancer cell lines and their interaction with potential biological targets, were evaluated.
Controlled synthesis of 2D–2D conductive metal–organic framework/g-C3N4 heterojunctions for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Chu Xiaoyu , Luan Bing-Bing , Huang Ao-Xiang , Zhao Yongkuo , Guo Hongxia , Ning Yang , Cheng Haojian , Zhang Guiling , Zhang Feng-Ming
Published: January 2024

Dimension-matched Ni-CAT-1/g-C3N4 heterojunctions are synthesized with exceptional visible-light photoactivity for hydrogen evolution. The high electrical conductivity of Ni-CAT-1 enables rapid electron transport and facilitates charge separation.
A wireless ultrasound energy harvester based on flexible relaxor ferroelectric crystal composite arrays for implanted bio-electronics
Authors: Jia Nanxiang , Li Qian , Li ChunChun , Du Hongliang , Gao Xiangyu , Liu Yangbin , Song Kexin , Jin Haonan , Ren Kaile , Qiu Chaorui , Ning Li , Xu Zhuo , Li Fei
Published: January 2024

We proposed a bio-inspired PUEH based on high-performance relaxor ferroelectric crystal composites. The as-developed PUEH exhibited a high output power density of 0.27 mW mm−3, surpassing those of reported PUEHs.
Industrial waste against pollution: mill scale-based magnetic hydrogels for rapid abatement of Cr(vi)
Authors: Boontanom Autchariya , Maddaloni Marina , Suwanpinij Piyada , Vassalini Irene , Alessandri Ivano
Published: January 2024

Magnetic composite hydrogels obtained from industrial mill scale were exploited to remove Cr(vi) from water.
Chemical recycling of polycarbonate and polyester without solvent and catalyst: mechanochemical methanolysis
Authors: Lee Hyo Won , Yoo Kwangho , Borchardt Lars , Kim Jeung Gon
Published: January 2024

Mechanochemical methanolysis of polyester and polycarbonate eliminated catalyst and solvent.
Electronic engineering and oxygen vacancy modification of La0.6Sr0.4FeO3−δ perovskite oxide by low-electronegativity sodium substitution for efficient CO2/CO fueled reversible solid oxide cells
Authors: Lin Wanbin , Li Yihang , Singh Manish , Zhao Huibin , Yang Rui , Su Pei-Chen , Fan Liangdong
Published: January 2024

Sodium doping increases oxygen vacancy concentration, modulates the electronic structure, and improves CO2 chemical adsorption, enabling superior CO2/CO reversible conversion.
Expanding CAR-T cell immunotherapy horizons through microfluidics
Authors: Kim Hyelee , Kim Suyeon , Lim Hyunjung , Chung Aram J.
Published: January 2024

This review outlines Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell manufacturing, highlights challenges, and explores successful microfluidic approaches and related technologies to address them.
Microfabrication-based engineering of biomimetic dentin-like constructs to simulate dental aging
Authors: Álvarez Simon , Morales Jose , Tiozzo-Lyon Paola , Berrios Pablo , Barraza Valentina , Simpson Kevin , Ravasio Andrea , Monforte Vila Xavier , Teuschl-Woller Andreas , Schuh Christina M. A. P. , Aguayo Sebastian
Published: January 2024

Our study aimed to develop a novel in vitro microfabricated biomimetic dentin surface that simulates the complex surface microarchitecture of exposed dentin, as well as age-derived glycation of teeth, for the growth of polymicrobial oral biofilms.
Discovery of novel positive allosteric modulators targeting GluN1/2A NMDARs as anti-stroke therapeutic agents
Authors: Zhu Hongyu , Chen Xin , Zhang Lu , Liu Xuequan , Chen Ji , Zhang Han-Ting , Dong Mingxin
Published: January 2024

The development of positive allosteric modulators targeting GluN1/2A is a new avenue for neuroprotection.
On the use of modelling antagonistic enzymes to aid in temporal programming of pH and PVA–borate gelation
Authors: Bashir Nadeem , Leathard Anna S. , McHugh Madeline , Hoffman Imogen , Shaon Fahima , Belgodere Jorge A. , Taylor Annette F. , Pojman John A.
Published: January 2024

A model was developed to help predict how enzymes can be used to temporally control the gelation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with borate.
Photo-controllable azobenzene microdroplets on an open surface and their application as transporters
Authors: Norikane Yasuo , Ohnuma Mio , Kwaria Dennis , Kikkawa Yoshihiro , Ohzono Takuya , Mizokuro Toshiko , Abe Koji , Manabe Kengo , Saito Koichiro
Published: January 2024

Photoresponsive microdroplets exhibit directional and continuous movement on a glass surface when simultaneously irradiated with two different light sources. Additionally, these droplets function as carriers for fluorescent quantum dots.
Synthesis of hydrogel microspheres with tunable pore size and their application in alkaline protease immobilization
Authors: Yin Yawen , Wang Suo , Ma Yuan , Li Yao , Fei Xu , Xu Longquan , Wang Yi , Tian Jing
Published: January 2024

Alkaline protease has been successfully immobilized in poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate-acrylamide) hydrogel microspheres (P(H-A)HMs) with three different pore sizes.
Synthesis and iodine-trapping properties of novel nitrogen-rich imide covalent organic framework materials
Authors: Ma Bingzhen , Zhou Yue , Hu Wangye , Zhang Yuhui
Published: January 2024

The exploration of efficient materials for capturing radioactive iodine in nuclear waste is of great significance to the development of nuclear energy and the protection of ecological environment.
A convenient synthetic approach to highly hindered 3,3′-bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)-BINOL-derived phosphoric acids
Authors: Wang Zhiqiang , Li Gen
Published: January 2024

The direct arylation of optically pure 3,3′-difluoro-BINOL derivatives with (2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)magnesium bromide was developed to prepare highly hindered 3,3′-bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)-BINOL-derived chiral phosphoric acids (CPAs).
Enhanced energy storage efficiency with NbSnMoS2 nanosheets as electrode material in hybrid supercapacitor devices
Authors: Thirumal Vediyappan , Asaithambi Sankaiya , Palanisamy Rajkumar , Bathula Babu , Yoo Kisoo , Kim Jinho
Published: January 2024

NbSnMoS2 material with an enhanced extrinsic nature was synthesized using the hydrothermal method and employed as an electrode for hybrid supercapacitor application (HSC).
The shikimate pathway: gateway to metabolic diversity
Authors: Shende Vikram V. , Bauman Katherine D. , Moore Bradley S.
Published: January 2024

The shikimate pathway is the metabolic process responsible for the biosynthesis of proteinogenic, aromatic amino acids as well as a bevy of specialized metabolites in bacteria, fungi, and plants.
A transition-metal-free azide–alkyne cycloaddition/hydroamination cascade reaction for the construction of triazole-fused piperazin-2-ones
Authors: Qiu Kongxi , Wu Kaifu , Ma Haowen , Ao Yunlin , Zhou Wei , Cai Qian
Published: January 2024

A time-dependent, divergent synthesis of [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-4(5H)-one (reaction time: 12 h) or 6,7-dihydro-[1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrazin-4(5H)-one (reaction time: 2 h) scaffolds is reported.
Stereoselectivity in electrosprayed confined volumes: asymmetric synthesis of warfarin by diamine organocatalysts in microdroplets and thin films
Authors: De Angelis Martina , Managò Marta , Pepi Federico , Salvitti Chiara , Troiani Anna , Villani Claudio , Ciogli Alessia
Published: January 2024

Asymmetric synthesis of warfarin in ESI-microdroplets by using chiral 1,2-diamino organocatalysts.
Modulation of intermolecular interactions in hole transporting materials for improvement of perovskite solar cell efficiency: a strategy of trifluoromethoxy isomerization
Authors: Qi Jiayi , Wang Ruiqin , Chen Xin , Wu Fei , Shen Wei , Li Ming , He Rongxing , Liu Xiaorui
Published: January 2024

A trifluoromethoxy isomerization strategy to modulate intermolecular interactions is proposed to balance the intermolecular interactions of hole transport materials and their interface interactions with perovskites.
Intersectin — many facets of a scaffold protein
Authors: Mintoo Mubashir , Rajagopalan Vinodh , O'Bryan John P.
Published: January 2024

Intersectin (ITSN) is a multi-domain scaffold protein with a diverse array of functions including regulation of endocytosis, vesicle transport, and activation of various signal transduction pathways. There are two ITSN genes located on chromosomes 21 and 2 encoding for proteins ITSN1 and ITSN2, respectively. Each ITSN gene encodes two major isoforms, ITSN-Long (ITSN-L) and ITSN-Short (ITSN-S), due to alternative splicing. ITSN1 and 2, collectively referred to as ITSN, are implicated in many physiological and pathological processes, such as neuronal maintenance, actin cytoskeletal rearrangement, and tumor progression. ITSN is mis-regulated in many tumors, such as breast, lung, neuroblastomas, and gliomas. Altered expression of ITSN is also found in several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Down Syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. This review summarizes recent studies on ITSN and provides an overview of the function of this important family of scaffold proteins in various biological processes.
RNA-binding proteins that preferentially interact with 8-oxoG-modified RNAs: our current understanding
Authors: Taylor Kathleen E. , Miller Lucas G. , Contreras Lydia M.
Published: January 2024

Cells encounter a variety of stresses throughout their lifetimes. Oxidative stress can occur via a myriad of factors, including exposure to chemical toxins or UV light. Importantly, these stressors induce chemical changes (e.g. chemical modifications) to biomolecules, such as RNA. Commonly, guanine is oxidized to form 8-oxo-7,8-hydroxyguanine (8-oxoG) and this modification can disrupt a plethora of cellular processes including messenger RNA translation and stability. Polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D (HNRPD/Auf1), poly(C)-binding protein (PCBP1/HNRNP E1), and Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) have been identified as four RNA-binding proteins that preferentially bind 8-oxoG-modified RNA over unmodified RNA. All four proteins are native to humans and PNPase is additionally found in bacteria. Additionally, under oxidative stress, cell survival declines in mutants that lack PNPase, Auf1, or PCBP1, suggesting they are critical to the oxidative stress response. This mini-review captures the current understanding of the PNPase, HNRPD/Auf1, PCBP1, and YB-1 proteins and the mechanism that has been outlined so far by which they recognize and interact with 8-oxoG-modified RNAs.
Genetic regulation of enteric nervous system development in zebrafish
Authors: Uribe Rosa A.
Published: January 2024

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a complex series of interconnected neurons and glia that reside within and along the entire length of the gastrointestinal tract. ENS functions are vital to gut homeostasis and digestion, including local control of peristalsis, water balance, and intestinal cell barrier function. How the ENS develops during embryological development is a topic of great concern, as defects in ENS development can result in various diseases, the most common being Hirschsprung disease, in which variable regions of the infant gut lack ENS, with the distal colon most affected. Deciphering how the ENS forms from its progenitor cells, enteric neural crest cells, is an active area of research across various animal models. The vertebrate animal model, zebrafish, has been increasingly leveraged to understand early ENS formation, and over the past 20 years has contributed to our knowledge of the genetic regulation that underlies enteric development. In this review, I summarize our knowledge regarding the genetic regulation of zebrafish enteric neuronal development, and based on the most current literature, present a gene regulatory network inferred to underlie its construction. I also provide perspectives on areas for future zebrafish ENS research.
The effects of chlorotriﬂuoroethylene (CTFE) units on the dielectric and energy storage properties of P(VDF‐CTFE)
Authors: Xie Haoran , Yuan Xi , Luo Hang , Zhang Dou
Published: January 2024

Polyvinylidene fluoride‐based ferroelectric polymers are favoured in the field of advanced high‐energy‐storage dielectric capacitors due to their strong spontaneous polarisation and high dielectric constant (εr). It has been confirmed that the ferroelectric behaviour and energy storage performance can be regulated by copolymerising polyvinylidene fluoride with bulky monomers such as chlorotriﬂuoroethylene, and hexaﬂuoropropylene. Past research based on these copolymers mostly focused on the preparation of composites, yet with limited discussion on the effect of copolymer composition. In this work, a series of P(VDF‐CTFE) films with different chlorotriﬂuoroethylene contents were fabricated through a solution‐casting method. The introduction of bulky chlorotriﬂuoroethylene units can tune the polymer crystal structure and crystallinity, alter the state of polymer chains and the response of dipoles to electric fields, and lead to dramatic changes in dielectric properties, breakdown strength (Eb), and energy storage density (Ue). As a result, the copolymer with a chlorotriﬂuoroethylene content of 15 wt% obtained the best overall performance, and the Ue reached 16.73 J/cm3 at 650 kV/mm. This work provides a basis for the optimisation of the properties of polyvinylidene fluoride‐based ferroelectric polymers and the development of high Ue dielectric.
Influence of soil water regime on cotton yield under mole irrigation in southern Russia
Authors: Khodiakov Yevgeniy Alexeyevich , Petrov Yuriy Nikolaevich , Milovanov Sergey Gennadievich , Bondarenko Kirill Vladimirovich
Published: January 2024

Studies on the features of mole irrigation of cotton were conducted at Volgograd State Agrarian University in 2023 on light-chestnut soils of southern Russia. One of the central tasks of our research was to determine the influence of soil water regime on cotton yield under mole irrigation compared with sprinkling and drip irrigation. As a result, it was found that the main component of the cotton soil water regime was the irrigation rate (more than 50 %). Its value at an increase of pre-watering soil moisture from 70-70-65 to 80-80-75 % LWC under mole irrigation increased from 1040 to 1270 m3/ha. As a result, total water consumption increased from 2175 to 2332 m3/ha, which, compared with sprinkling and drip irrigation, was less by 430...673 and 146...245 m3/ha, respectively. It was also found that the highest cotton yields were obtained when moisture availability was maintained at 75-75-70% LWC. Among irrigation methods, at mole irrigation on this variant, the yield occupied an intermediate position of 1.87...3.18 t/ha; at sprinkling, it decreased by 0.04...0.21 t/ha, and at drip irrigation, it increased by 0.10. 0.18 t/ha.
Development of fishery information system for production processes organization
Authors: Krasnikov Aleksandr , Romanova Elena , Kireeva Olga
Published: January 2024

The article substantiates the relevance of developing a software product that carries out the digitalization of the country’s fisheries management processes. The use of general scientific methods of structural analysis, synthesis, and formalization allowed us to develop a formal model of the subject area. Such a model became the basis for using object-oriented programming methods to obtain a full-fledged multi-user information system. Graphic images of screens of mobile and web-oriented versions of the system with a description of the functionality of user categories are presented. The developed information system allows to systematize and unify fishery processes, provide state control of the industry, and attract monetary investments into the industry.
Сonducting geobotanical survey of pastures using gis technologies
Authors: Bаtykova Ainura , Denisov Vitalii , Zhusupova Aizhamal , Rasheva Ainura , Bazarbaeva Indira
Published: January 2024

The article considers the issues of geobotanical survey of the “Baytak-Ravat-Jakub» pasture spot of Batken city applying geoinformational technologies. A geobotanical survey of pastures is a survey conducted to determine the productivity of pastures, the botanical composition of herbage, the quality of herbaceous vegetation, its habitats, and the possibility of using pastures for grazing various types of farm animals. Traditional field method and the method of geoinformational mapping is applied for the geobotanical survey of pastures which is capable for storing and processing pasture monitoring data. As a result of monitoring pastures using geoinformational technologies, the cartographic material is created with the boundaries of pasture contours and the yield. The regional pasture committees determine geobotanical composition and assessment of the condition of pastures, organizing the rational utilization of pastures and their protection. The research materials will be may can be recommended for use.
International Law norms effectiveness on the environmental protection in the Kyrgyz Republic
Authors: Toktobaev Bolot Toktomyshevich , Karabalaeva Saltanat Bolotovna , Ibragimov Rustam Karimovich
Published: January 2024

The article discusses relevant issues of the International Law norms effectiveness. It is noted that one of the problems of national legislation norms ineffectiveness is connected with the gaps or absence of norms in a specific area of law. The author emphasizes the importance of international instruments, especially those regulating mandatory compliance by the state. Attention is drawn to biodiversity and the continued measures taken to preserve our “green” planet as a top priority for every subject of International Law.
Decarbonization of an economy: creating economic prerequisites through the development of the waste recycling accounting at landfills
Authors: Malei Alena , Trubovich Renata
Published: January 2024

Reforming the methodology of waste accounting to decarbonize the environment is an ecological innovation in information support. Reformation allows organizations to understand their environmental responsibility, economic benefits from involving waste in re-production. The purpose of this study is a theoretical justification and development of accounting methodology for municipal waste operating in unequipped landfills. To get the purpose, the article presents the economic essence of “organic municipal waste”. The natural transformation of organic municipal waste into a biogas in the landfill body requires the allocation of two new accounting objects: “biomass of municipal waste” and “biogas reserves”. The article suggests an interconnected methodology for accounting for “biomass of municipal waste” as a secondary resource, and “biogas reserves” as renewable natural capital reflecting the economic potential of the landfill. The presented methodology will provide users with information about: the contribution of organic waste to reproduction; the energy value of the landfill and its economic potential; consumption of renewable natural capital; reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The developed recommendations regarding the accounting of municipal waste in organizations operating unequipped landfills increase the information content, which is important for making management decisions, attracting investments, aimed at the disposal of carbon gases.
Parametric modeling of traffic flows for predicting sustainable development of urban areas
Authors: Logachev Maxim , Zhukova Galina
Published: January 2024

The paper presents a description of the developed model of a section of the road network in the Nizhny Novgorod Region (Russia) near the regional center. There is a lot of traffic crossing the site. The key flow is the railroad, which carries passenger and freight traffic along the east-west transport corridor. The use of structural analysis, synthesis, and graphical methods allowed to establish all the objects and subjects of the area of concern. The data obtained were used in the parametric modeling method to obtain a formal model demonstrating the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the study object. The developed model allowed to evaluate traffic and make decisions on modernizing road infrastructure to increase the capacity of highways and railroads and create conditions for the safety of all road users.
Socio-economic development of territories in the project of upgrading the infrastructure of the transport corridor “China-Mongolia-Russia”
Authors: Grigorieva Svetlana , Limareva Julia , Nikulin Yaroslav , Koshel Ilya
Published: January 2024

The article presents the importance of creating transport corridors in the New Silk Road project and modernizing sections of existing highways. The use of methods of structurization, analysis, synthesis, systematization, and agent-based modeling allowed us to develop a simulation model of local transport hubs of the highway section in the Republic of Buryatia (Russia) to the border with Mongolia. The concept of such hubs is to justify the design of infrastructure facilities that provide short-term parking of vehicles for their rapid maintenance and recreation of drivers or passengers. All entities involved in traffic flows are identified and their characteristics are defined. Based on the rules of their conduct individually and collectively are established. The resulting rules are used to create models of the behavior of entities in the simulation model and presented its corresponding 3d fragments.
Simulation modeling in infrastructure modernization projects of the Russian part of the Central Eurasian Corridor
Authors: Korotun Olga , Kolodochkin Aleksey , Laamarti Yuliya , Assylbayev Aidar
Published: January 2024

The article presents a brief characteristic of international transport corridors running through Russia. Their key nodes and the need for their sustainable development are identified. The use of structurization, analysis and synthesis methods allowed the study to obtain quantitative and qualitative characteristics of transport infrastructure facilities of Russian cities, through which the railway branches of the Central Eurasian Corridor pass. The rules of interaction between the key elements that make up the structure of each of the research objects have been established. A set of such rules and object characteristics became the input parameters for the simulation model of the problem domain. The problem area includes all bottlenecks in the transportation network formed by the intersection and merging of traffic flows. State diagrams illustrating the peculiarities of the behavior of object groups of the simulation model on the example of the city of Orenburg are developed.
Accreditation as a mechanism of state influence on the quality of education in modern conditions
Authors: Khalilova M.V. , Kurmanbekova A.A. , kyzy Kanykei Askarbek , Guseva V.I. , Guseva J.V.
Published: January 2024

The reform in the field of education has led to the emergence of the problem of the quality of the knowledge and competencies of students. The solution of this issue is carried out at the level of state control by the Ministry of Science and Education of the Kyrgyz Republic through the accreditation of educational institutions. This article deals with the formation and development of the accreditation process in the educational sphere of Kyrgyzstan. The authors considered the stages of the process of the accreditation of educational institutions and evaluated the activities of accreditation agencies. The authors also described the world experience in accreditation and analyzed the world ranking of universities according the accreditation.
Formation of the pension system of the Kyrgyz Republic and problems at the present stage of its development
Authors: Zholboldueva Darygul Shamilovna , Murzalieva Elnura Idirisbekovna , Shtybaeva Olga Romanovna , Dolonova Tamara Abdybekovna , Maratovna Umut Abdyldaeva
Published: January 2024

This article is devoted to the study of key moments in the history of the formation of the pension system of the Kyrgyz Republic. Based on the results of the analysis of the factors of development of this system at the present stage, the problems associated with its development have been identified. The authors note the need for an integrated approach to improving all areas of social security. The purpose of the article is to study the current state of the pension system of the Kyrgyz Republic and identify ways to improve and modernize it. The problems that accompanied the process of formation and development of the pension system, models of pension reform are highlighted. An analysis was carried out on the expediency of the system of conditionally funded pension provision chosen in the Kyrgyz Republic. Labor migration and its high level among the working-age population are indicated by the authors as one of the urgent problems of the current pension system of the Kyrgyz Republic, the relevance of which is due to the impossibility of receiving deductions from the income of migrants to the country’s pension fund. The authors also identified various factors that have a serious impact on the situation in the pension system of the Kyrgyz Republic. The conclusions of the authors of the article are presented in the final part.
Exact internal controllability and exact internal synchronization for a kind of first order hyperbolic system
Authors: Li Tatsien , Lu Xing , Qu Peng
Published: January 2024

In this paper we investigate the exact controllability and exact synchronization inL2space for a 1-D first order linear hyperbolic system with internal controls located on some part of the domain. Based on the exact boundary controllability theory, we first use the constructive method to establish the exact controllability by internal controls for a time reversible system with inhomogeneous boundary conditions. The method is then adapted to prove the exact internal null controllability for a general system with homogeneous boundary conditions. These results can be then used to establish the exact internal synchronization for the system, and related subjects are further studied.
Absorbing Markov decision processes
Authors: Dufour François , Prieto-Rumeau Tomás
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we study discrete-time absorbing Markov Decision Processes (MDP) with measurable state space and Borel action space with a given initial distribution. For such models, solutions to the characteristic equation that are not occupation measures may exist. Several necessary and sufficient conditions are provided to guarantee that any solution to the characteristic equation is an occupation measure. Under the so-called continuity-compactness conditions, we first show that a measure is precisely an occupation measure if and only if it satisfies the characteristic equation and an additional absolute continuity condition. Secondly, it is shown that the set of occupation measures is compact in the weak-strong topology if and only if the model is uniformly absorbing. Several examples are provided to illustrate our results.
Overview of the XIV International Conference on Transport Infrastructure: Territory Development and Sustainability (TITDS-XIV-2023)
Authors: Sharipov Mirzo , Abrorov Akbar , Beshimov Yusuf , Kovalev Igor
Published: January 2024

The overview describes the main directions and results of the XIV International Conference on Transport Infrastructure: Territory Development and Sustainability (TITDS-XIV 2023) held in Bukhara, Uzbekistan on 26-28 October 2023. It gives the details about the participants and the proceedings.
The influence of the tread pattern on the performance of a tractor engine
Authors: Mamasalieva Muqadas
Published: January 2024

The Republic of Uzbekistan is currently undertaking many reforms to improve all sectors of the economy and business, to bring the products of our enterprises to international markets in order to increase exports, as well as methods to improve the competitiveness of goods. Examples include the creation of new economic zones and the extension of incentives in existing trade and economic zones. The field of agricultural machinery plays a major role in the economy of our country, so improving all aspects of this industry, will give a significant boost to the economy of the country as a whole. This article deals with tractor tyres, and more precisely the influence of tread pattern, on technical and economic performance of tractors under sandy soil conditions. It will also highlight new designs and innovations in tractor tyres from the world's manufacturers, which improve the off-road capability, improve tractor economy, increase tyre life, and give a great advantage in application over standard tyres.
Study of the optimal distance between electric charging stations located on highways
Authors: Shvetsov Alexey
Published: January 2024

The study analyzes the optimal distance between electric charging stations located on highways passing between settlements in the northern regions. The analysis was carried out on the basis of a survey of electric vehicle owners on the optimal distance of the optimal distance between electric charging stations located on the roads passing between settlements in the northern regions. The data obtained reflect the optimal distance between electric filling stations, taking into account special conditions for the operation of electric vehicles in the northern regions, where in winter the temperature can drop to -40 ... -50 C°. The results of the analysis may be of interest to companies producing electric vehicles and when conducting research in the field of operation of electric vehicles in the northern regions. In addition, these studies may be of interest to developers of transport infrastructure development programs in the northern regions.
Simulation of the operation of a traction power supply system with various types of electrical energy storage devices
Authors: Nezevak Vladislav L.
Published: January 2024

The improvement of traction power supply systems of the transport complex is associated with the search for new technical solutions that can improve operational and energy efficiency, reliability and energy security. Electric energy storage systems make it possible to solve these problems. One of the aspects of the application of electrical energy storage systems is the voltage mode at the connection points. The studies of the operating modes of electric energy storage systems on mobile vehicles and stationary objects show the short duration of charge and discharge episodes due to the traction load of electric vehicles. An urgent task is to assess the change in the voltage level of electric energy storage systems in short-term modes when operating in traction power supply systems for various electric energy storage devices. The paper describes a model of the traction power supply system and electric rolling stock containing electric energy storage systems. The change in the degree of charge and voltage depending on their capacity and the time of the applied load is shown. For the conditions of the traction power supply system, the most preferable ones in terms of the minimum voltage level were selected.
Modern structures for slope stability in the design of artificial structures on railroad tracks
Authors: Subbotin Artem , Kandrashina Natalia , Kandrashina Valeria , Najmudinova Kamila
Published: January 2024

Rail transport is suitable for mass w
Study of press joints using strain gauges at low loads
Authors: Popkov Artem , Shlyakhtenkov Sergey , Vyplaven Vladimir
Published: January 2024

The destruction of the bearing ring of the axle box unit inevitably leads to the uncoupling of the car, which causes temporary and material losses. The problem of determining the bearing ring tension without removal is relevant; its solution will improve efficiency and reduce the inspection time. Experimental studies were carried out to determine the forces inside the contact pair, as well as their relationship with the amount of interference. It has been established that with small impacts on the ring, surface deformations in the area of impact are uneven and form a gradient in which large deformations are observed at the edge of the ring, smaller ones in the middle. It has been proven that the transition boundary of the magnitude of deformations depends on the magnitude of the interference in the contact pair. A method for determining the tension by strain gauging is proposed.