bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RISK FACTORS FOR STUNTING AMONG ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Sunarti Sunarti , Sunarti Sunarti , Wiarisa Hesty , Wahyuningsih Nur Endah , Wahyuningsih Nur Endah , Setiani Onny , Setiani Onny
Published: May 2019

Stunting is a situation where the child's height measured by the height by age TB / U is below minus two standard deviations (<-2SD) on nutritional status table WHO child growth standards. The prevalence of stunting in children of school age (5-12 years) in Indonesia reached 30.7% prevalence in Magelang reached 30%.The results of monitoring of nutritional status of children in 2015 in the District Ngablak show as much as 32.7% of children are stunted. The research is purposes of analysis of risk factors for stunting in children of primary school age in the District of Magelang Ngablak. The study was observational research with. cross sectional approach. Subject were students of public primary schools of the Ngablak District ware taken as 72 samples. Collecting data by questionnaires, examination of urine iodine. The results of chi-square test showed risk factors for stunting among at elementary school students of Ngablak District Magelang Regency is nutritional status (p=0.007), history of exposure to pesticides (p=0.006), and iodine urine (EIU) with (p=0.033).
LOW BIRTH WEIGHT DETERMINANTS
Authors: Legawati Legawati
Published: May 2019

Latar belakang: Bayi Berat lahir rendah (BBLR) adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat utama pada bayi baru lahir yang mempengaruhi bayi baru lahir dengan banyak gangguan kesehatan, seperti hipoglikemia, hipotermia, keterbelakangan mental, fisik, dan masalah perkembangan saraf. Akibatnya, risiko kematian tinggi pada bayi BBLR. Menurut estimasi WHO 2014, 4,53% dari total kematian di Ethiopia disebabkan oleh BBLR. Secara global, 15 hingga 20% bayi baru lahir adalah BBLR; 13% di Afrika sub-Sahara dan 15,9% di sepuluh negara berkembang (Armenia, Kamboja, Kolombia, Indonesia, Yordania, Nepal, Pakistan, Tanzania, Uganda, dan Zimbabwe). Sebagai akibatnya, BBLR melakukan beban luar biasa pada sistem politik, sosial, ekonomi, dan kesehatan baik di negara berkembang maupun negara maju. Oleh karena itu, pada akhir 2025, Badan Kesehatan Dunia menetapkan target kebijakan untuk mengurangi BBLR sebesar 30%.

Tujuan : untuk mengidentifikasi determinan dan faktor risiko kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR)

Metode: PubMed, Web of Science, perpustakaan Cochrane, dan Google Cendekia dicari. Sebuah plot funnel dan uji regresi Egger digunakan untuk melihat bias publikasi. Statistik I-square diterapkan untuk memeriksa heterogenitas studi. Model varian acak-efek terbalik diterapkan untuk memperkirakan prevalensi nasional dan ukuran efek faktor terkait. Analisis subkelompok dilakukan berdasarkan wilayah, desain penelitian, dan tahun publikasi.

Hasil:

Kesimpulan: Prevalensi bayi berat lahir rendah di Ethiopia tetap tinggi. Tinjauan ini dapat membantu pembuat kebijakan dan petugas program untuk merancang intervensi pencegahan kejadian bayi berat lahir rendah.
Der Einfluss der Entscheidungen des Europäischen Gerichtshofes für Menschenrechte auf Normbildende und Rechtssprechungspraxis
Authors: SLAVEYKOVA-RUKOVA MILENA
Published: May 2019

The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) plays a crucial role in the protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms of individuals. The goal of this Court is to resolve complaints in which these individuals allege that the State of their citizenship fails to perform the obligations arising from the provisions of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950 (the Convention).
The ECtHR assesses the reasonableness of the term for “final” resolution of a legal conflict, and includes therein the time needed to implement the judgment. Currently, excessively long periods needed to implement the judgments which award payments of certain amounts to plaintiffs at the expense of budgetary funds is still a sensitive issue for Bulgaria as well as for Ukraine. As a respective confirmation of such a situation for Ukraine, the author mentions ECtHR’s judgment passed in 2017 in the case of Burmych and Others v. Ukraine, which actually determined the fate of 12,148 applications filed to the Court by Ukrainian citizens who complained of the violation of their right to a fair trial because of the failure to implement final judgments passed by national courts.
The purpose of the article is to determine the impact of ECtHR’s judgments on the rulemaking and practice of national courts. The experience of Bulgaria is taken as the object of study.
The author analyzes two pilot ECtHR judgments which found that Bulgarian courts breached the requirements of Art. 6, § 1 of the Convention. After these judgments became final, the Bulgarian Parliament amended the laws “On the Judiciary” and “On the Liability of the State and Communities for Damage Caused” to incorporate the provisions which are aimed at avoiding any future violations similar to those found by ECtHR. The author studies these legislative changes and the practice of their application with the aim of illustrating that ECtHR judgments have an efficient impact on the improvement of national legal rules. In summary, the author maintains that the mechanisms of compensation described in the article – the administrative one (after amendments to the Law “On the Judiciary”) and the judicial one (after amendments to the Law “On Liability of the State and Communities for Damage Caused”) precisely meet the ECHR criteria.
SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP OF MAIN CHARACTER IN ROWLING’S FANTASTIC BEAST AND WHERE TO FIND THEM
Authors: Meinawati Euis , Setianingrum Herlin Widasiwi , Jimmi Jimmi , Winata Eggi
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this research was to know the social relationship through Sorokin's theory. This research was done through a film titled Fantastic Beast and Where to Find Them which was released in 2016 ago. The data was taken from the utterance of character dialogue through documentation, the process of watching, and post watches the film. The method of research used a qualitative descriptive method. The results of this study indicated that: (1.) Knowing the types of social relationships: Social interaction phenomena, non-social interaction phenomena in the film based on Sorokin’s theory, (2.) Getting 7 data about a social relationship were: three data about social interaction phenomena conceptual social interaction phenomena by a human in friendship, social interaction phenomenon by a human in ethnic, social interaction phenomenon in helping the economy, (3.) Obtained seven data also for sub-chapter cause and effect using Tsapeli's theory as it was basic theory
PENGARUH PENERAPAN GOOD GOVERNANCE DALAM E-PURCASHING TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN KORUPSI
Authors: Delmana Lati Praja
Published: May 2019

Cases of corruption in Indonesia, especially in the sector of government procurement of goods and services, continue to increase every year. The government has reduce the rate of corruption in the procurement through electronic procurement. But the reality of corruption is still increasing. The authors are interested in building a conceptual framework for good governance and incorporating elements of local culture in electronic procurement to reduce corruption. The principle of good governance in electronic procurement can prevent corruption by applying the principles of participation, transparency, responsiveness, effectiveness, efficiency, equity, strategic objectives, accountability and local cultural values. The purpose of this research is to get a clear and measurable conceptual framework in reducing corruption in government procurement of goods and services. This research method is to use literature review with content analysis. The results of this study are that corruption can be reduced by using electronic procurement if it uses the principles of good governance and there are controlling variables, namely internal supervision, law enforcement and improvement of facilities, infrastructure, leadership commitment and improvement of human resources to carry out electronic procurement according to the rules.
ANALISIS WILLINGNESS TO PAY (WTP) RETRIBUSI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI KECAMATAN CILEUNYI, KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Nainggolan Ruth Roselin
Published: May 2019

This study aims to analyze the value of Willingnes to Pay (WTP) and the factors that influence the value of WTP to waste management retribution into compost. This research was conducted in Cileunyi District, Bandung Regency, West Java Province. Cileunyi District is estimated to produce garbage reaching 330 m3 per day or 115 tons/ day. The number of samples is 96 families, calculated by the Frank Lynch formula. To find out the factors that influence WTP, use the correlation test, ANOVA test and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS 24 software. Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) is used to analize the value of Community’s  Willingness to Pay the retribution.  The results of the study obtained as follows: age, level of education, income and number of family members together (simultaneous) affect the Willingness to Pay (WTP),  the influence of all factors is 39.9%,  the number of family members does not significantly affect the WTP,  the average value of waste retribution paid is Rp. 10,208,33 and the average value of WTP for waste management into compost or recycled is Rp. 20,572.92.
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND POLICY SYSTEMS IN EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC SERVICE IN CILEUNYI DISTRICT, BANDUNG REGENCY
Authors: Rosa Ade Tutty R.
Published: May 2019

The background of this study includes the still low role of management information systems in improving the quality of public services and education service policies, especially in Cileunyi District, Bandung Regency. The aim is to find out the inhibiting factors, support in improving the quality of public services, education policy services. Qualitative descriptive research method, aims to provide a general description, an explanation of the variables studied in accordance with the focus of research includes the effectiveness of the role of information systems in managing information, producing information, presenting information and inhibiting factors, supporting in improving the quality of public services, education policy services . Using purposive sampling technique, accidental sampling, data collection techniques through in-depth interviews, research documents. The results of the study concluded that management information systems are very instrumental in managing information, producing information, presenting information. Using computer systems and information technology devices can be managed, sent to those who need them quickly, accurately, facilitating the completion of work tasks. Supporters in improving the quality of services including information and communication technology. This finding has maximally improved service to the public, services in determining policies in Education.
KESERAGAMAN POLA PEMBANGUNAN SEBAGAI POTRET KETIDAK OTONOMAN PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA
Authors: M.Si Rudiana , Afifah Dian Fitriani
Published: May 2019

Desa merupakan kesatuan masyarakat hukum adat yang memiliki otonomi dalam menyelenggarakan pemerintahan nya. Otonomi desa menjadi bias karena desa diposisikan sebagai objek pembangunan bukan sebagai subjek pembangunan. Peran desa sebagai subjek pembangunan memiliki pengertian bahwa desa mampu merencanakan, membiayai, dan melaksanakan tata pemerintahan. Hadirnya Dana Desa telah membawa semangat perubahan bagi desa, karena desa dituntut untuk dapat mengelola Dana Desa demi menciptakan desa yang mandiri dan sejahtera. Mandiri tidak berarti desa menjadi bagian yang terpisahkan dari pemerintah tingkat atas, baik pusat ataupun daerah. Faktanya, pengelolaan Dana Desa baik pada desa tradisional ataupun modern tidak menciptakan desa yang mandiri, karena pemerintah tingkat atas hanya menjadikan desa sebagai target atau lokasi proyek (objek pembangunan). Praktek-prektek penyeragaman pola pembangunan terhadap penggunaan Dana Desa telah menegasikan prinsip penggunaan Dana Desa yang digunakan sesuai dengan kebutuhan desa, strategi daerah dan tipologi desa. Sehingga penyeragaman pola pembangunan yang terjadi di desa tradisional ataupun desa modern menjadi bukti ketidak otonoman pemerintah desa dalam pengelolaan Dana Desa.
Evaluasi Kebijakan Pengembangan Kawasan Minapolitan di Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Santoso Eko Budi , Moenek Reydonnyzar , Nurpahdi Mohamad
Published: May 2019

Abstract

 

Minapolitan development is mostly carried out in Indonesia, including by the Bogor Regency. The development of the Minapolitan area in Bogor Regency has been carried out since 2010, which is based on the Bogor Regency Decree Number 523.31/227/Kpts/Huk/2010 concerning the Establishment of Minapolitan Areas in Bogor Regency, which stipulates the Minapolitan area in Bogor Regency covering 4 sub-districts namely Ciseeng District, Parung, Gunungsindur and Kemang based on aquaculture. The development of minapolitan in Bogor Regency also indicates the existence of problems that need to be resolved. This study seeks to evaluate the development policy of Minapolitan in Bogor Regency. The method used was descriptive qualitative research. The policy evaluation theory used is based on William Dunn's thought for policy evaluation covering 6 dimensions: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, distribution, responsiveness, and accuracy. Collection of data through interviews, direct observation, and documentation. The results of the study show that from these 6 dimensions 2 dimensions show good conditions that support the success of policies, namely dimensions of effectiveness and efficiency. While there are 4 dimensions that have weaknesses, namely responsiveness, distribution, adequacy and accuracy of policies. Suggested several things: 1) need to increase monitoring on the provision of the main transportation infrastructure for regional connectivity in wider region; 2) increasing community power through empowerment; 3) increasing the local government facilitation togethe with community efforts in increasing the awareness of millennial generations on the prospects for developing the primary sector in the region; and 4) Need to increase fairness in the distribution of government assistance, as well as facilitation of local governments in maintaining the stability of fish feed prices.  

Keywords: policy evaluation, minapolitan, zone development, Bogor Regency
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Bilim ve Fen Bilimleri Dersine Yönelik Tutumları
Authors: CELIK Aslı Bahar , GORGULU ARI Aslı
Published: May 2019

The aim of this study is to examine the attitude of secondary school students towards science and science course. The descriptive survey model, in which participants' views, interests, skills, abilities and attitudes can be determined, was chosen from the general screening models in order to determine the attitudes of the students towards the Science and Science course. The research was carried out with 197 secondary school students (46 fifth, 36 sixth, 60 seventh , 55 eighth grade students) at the public school in Sarıyer, İstanbul. The Attitude Scale of Science Lesson was applied as a data collection tool. Frequency ratios of the data obtained were calculated. According to the results of the research, it was observed that the attitudes of the students towards the science course were positive, but their attitudes towards science were not positive and they had prejudices about this subject.
Evaluación de la Calidad de Vida utilizando el test EORTC QLQ C15-PAL en pacientes en tratamiento del dolor con Morfina Intratecal.
Authors: Tomalá Marcelo , Vallejo Martínez Mariana , Lino Gutiérrez Nancy
Published: May 2019

Introducción: El manejo del dolor mediante dispositivos intratecales con morfina es una opción de tratamiento de cuidados paliativos en pacientes oncológicos. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la calidad de vida en un grupo de pacientes que utilizan esta opción de tratamiento.

Métodos: El presente estudio observacional se desarrolló en el Servicio de Dolor y Cuidados Paliativos del Hospital de SOLCA – Guayaquil. Se midió la calidad de vida con el cuestionario EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL a los 0, 30 y 90 días en un grupo de pacientes con cáncer terminal y dolor oncológico que fueron tratados con analgesia intratecal por medio de un dispositivo multiprogramable, usando morfina. El período de estudio fue enero a diciembre del 2015, los pacientes firmaron un consentimiento informado. Se compara la calidad de vida usando la prueba Kruskal-Wallis.

Resultados: Se incluyeron en el estudio 15 pacientes, 10 mujeres (66.7 %), con edad media de 50 ±15 años. La localización de cáncer más frecuente fue colo-rectal 5 casos (33 %). La calidad de vida global al día 0 fue de 27.6 ± 4 puntos, al día 30 fue de 90.7± 10 puntos (P<0.001) y al día 90 fue de 88.2 ± 10 puntos (P<0.001). A los 90 días, el estado funcional disminuyó 57.5 puntos, el estado emocional -60.5 puntos, Disnea -50.3 puntos, Dolor -71 puntos, Insomnio -77.9 puntos, Fatiga -64 puntos, Apetito -53.7 puntos, Nauseas -41.9 puntos, Constipación -56.8 puntos.

Conclusión: La analgesia intratecal con morfina en 15 pacientes con cáncer terminal, mejora la calidad de vida de 27.6 % a 88.2 % en un lapso de 3 meses y la calidad de vida se mantiene hasta 90 días.
Manejo de Tumores de Mediastino, Serie de Casos.
Authors: Marengo Baquerizo Carlos , Lara Perlaza Mauricio , Macías Fernández Pamela
Published: May 2019

Introducción: A pesar del difícil acceso anatómico para los tumores de mediastino, la resección quirúrgica sigue siendo el mejor enfoque diagnóstico y terapéutico. El objetivo de la presente serie de casos presentamos la experiencia de un centro oncológico en el abordaje de tumores del mediastino y sus resultados. Métodos: En el departamento de Jefatura de Cirugía Oncológica del Instituto Oncológico nacional de Solca-Guayaquil, durante los meses de Enero del 2013 a Enero 2017 se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo. Se analizaron todos los casos de pacientes derivados del área de pre admisión con diagnóstico inicial de tumor de mediastino, a los cuales previo a realizarles marcadores tumorales, Tomografía de Tórax, y a quienes se les realizó como método diagnóstico y en algunos casos terapéutico con abordaje quirúrgico. Se excluyeron pacientes con neoplasias de origen secundario, con historias clínicas incompletas que imposibilitaron el análisis. Se estudiaron las variables sexo, edad, Tipo de Técnica quirúrgica, localización del tumor, diagnostico histopatológico y mortalidad perioperatoria. El análisis estadístico realizado fue descriptivo. Resultados: Se evaluaron 22 pacientes con diagnóstico tumor de mediastino, con una edad media de 60 años. Fueron 13 hombres (59 %). Catorce pacientes con lesión maligna, 8 fueron operados con resección tumoral y 6 se sometieron a biopsia. Se reportaron fallecimientos post-operatorios hasta los 30 días postquirúrgicos en 5 casos (22.7%). Las intervenciones quirúrgicas realizadas con más frecuencia fueron toracotomías derechas con toma de biopsia o resección tumoral 7 casos (31.8 %). En relación al resultado anatomopatológico de los tumores de mediastino reportados más de la mitad constituyeron Adenocarcinomas 14 casos (63.6 %). Conclusión: Los pacientes portadores de neoplasia benigna en esta serie tuvieron una evolución posquirúrgica satisfactoria. El adenocarcinoma fue el tumor maligno más frecuente en esta serie.
Enterocolitis Neutropénica en pacientes pediátricos con Leucemia Linfoide Aguda con recaída o refractariedad de su enfermedad de base, durante el período 2016-2017.
Authors: Gonzalez Cabrera Andrés , Valarezo Jiménez Gilda , Alvarado Soto Diana , Jiménez Torres Fernando , Bonilla Núñez Aníbal , Espín Custodio Luis
Published: May 2019

Introducción: La enterocolitis neutropénica se define como un proceso inflamatorio multifactorial propio de pacientes neutropénicos, caracterizado por el daño trasmural principalmente a nivel del ciego, aunque puede afectar otras áreas como el colon ascendente e íleo. Debido a la dificultad en el diagnóstico y las complicaciones que se presentan se decide realizar un estudio descriptivo de esta patología, sus métodos diagnósticos, manejo y principales complicaciones asociadas.

Métodos: Entre octubre del año 2016 y septiembre del año 2017, se realizó un estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo de pacientes diagnosticados de Leucemia Linfoide Aguda (LLA) con recaída o refractariedad de su enfermedad de base que presentaron cuadros compatibles clínica y radiográficamente con enterocolitis neutropénica. El estudio fue realizado en el servicio de oncología pediátrica del Instituto Oncológico Nacional “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo”, Solca Guayaquil.

Resultados: Se identificaron 21 casos, de los cuales 17 (80.95%) fueron hombres. Los principales síntomas presentados fueron dolor abdominal, diarrea y fiebre, en el contexto de pacientes neutropénicos, quienes habían recibido tratamiento quimioterápico en los días previos. La ecografía abdominal fue utilizada en todos los casos junto con tomografía abdominal realizada en 6 pacientes como método complementario al diagnóstico. Ningún paciente fue intervenido quirúrgicamente. Todos los pacientes se manejaron de forma conservadora con una evolución favorable.

Conclusión: Debe sospecharse esta patología en todo paciente que presente sintomatología compatible con dolor abdominal, asociando fiebre o diarrea y que hubiere recibido tratamiento quimoterápico en los días previos. Solicitando de forma urgente los estudios complementarios necesarios para el diagnóstico y debiendo ser manejado de forma integral. Reservándose el tratamiento quirúrgico ante cuadros con una evolución desfavorable.
Utilidad de la Proteína Epididimal Humana 4 (HE4) en la detección de Cáncer de ovario.
Authors: Núñez Nájera Mónica , Morey León Gabriel , Nicola Salas Eva , Vega-Luzuriaga Patricio
Published: May 2019

Introducción: El cáncer de ovario epitelial aunque tiene baja prevalencia está considerado entre las malignidades ginecológicas más letales por su alta mortalidad. El interés en la detección temprana del cáncer de ovario como mecanismo para lograr la reducción de la mortalidad ha crecido con el descubrimiento de biomarcadores tumorales séricos asociados a tumores malignos. El presente estudio plantea determinar la eficacia del uso del biomarcador HE4 para la detección precoz de cáncer epitelial de ovario en estadios tempranos. Métodos: Se evaluaron pacientes con masas pélvicas entre abril de 2015 y marzo de 2016. Valores de sensibilidad, especificidad, predictivo positivo y negativo, razón de probabilidad positiva y negativa, y pruebas estadísticas fueron calculados para determinar la relación entre los estados menopáusicos, y los grupos de acuerdo con el resultado histológico (benigno, maligno y control) de HE4, CA125 y ROMA. Resultados: Ingresaron al estudio 53 pacientes. La proteína epididimal humana 4 - HE4 presentó un valor medio diferenciable que permite distinguir masas pélvicas malignas (HE4:7,19 (maligno) vs. 5,71 (benigno)), igualmente la combinación HE4 + ROMA presentan mayor sensibilidad y especificidad (S: 100 %; E: 94.29 %) que las combinaciones CA125 + HE4 y CA125 + ROMA (S: 80 % y 88.89 %; E: 75.76 % y 77.14 %). Conclusión: Los resultados sugieren que HE4 serviría como un biomarcador eficiente para la diferenciación de masas pélvicas en estadios tempranos y si se adiciona el estatus menopaúsico, e índice ROMA afianzaría los resultados, permitiendo la diferenciación del cáncer de ovario epitelial en estadios tempranos en el país.
Effects of Aggregate Micro Fines (AMF), Aluminum Sulfate and Polypropylene Fiber (PPF) on Properties of Machine-Made Sand Concrete
Authors: He Hang , Wang Yuli , Wang Junjie
Published: May 2019

With the depletion and increasing demand of river sand, machine-made sand could be used more and more in concrete. In order to improve the properties of machine-made sand concrete, the effects of the aggregate micro fines (AMF) content, aluminum sulfate, and polypropylene fibers (PPF) on the slump, compressive strength, water permeability, and the chloride permeability coefficients were investigated through a single factor test method, and related mechanisms were analyzed. The results show that the optimum contents of AMF, aluminum sulfate, and the polypropylene fiber are 10 wt%, 1 wt%, and 0.6 kg/m3, respectively. The optimum content of AMF improved the compactness of concrete. The addition of aluminum sulfate promoted the initial formation of ettringite, and thereby improved the compressive strength and the permeability resistance. The polypropylene fiber can modify the pore structure distribution of concrete and reduce the porosity, thereby improving the impermeability of the concrete. The compressive strength of the machine-made sand concrete could be increased by more than 20%, and the water/chloride permeability coefficients could be decreased by more than 45%.
Single Leg Gait Tracking of Lower Limb Exoskeleton Based on Adaptive Iterative Learning Control
Authors: Ren Bin , Luo Xurong , Chen Jiayu
Published: May 2019

The lower limb exoskeleton is a wearable human–robot interactive equipment, which is tied to human legs and moves synchronously with the human gait. Gait tracking accuracy greatly affects the performance and safety of the lower limb exoskeletons. As the human–robot coupling systems are usually nonlinear and generate unpredictive errors, a conventional iterative controller is regarded as not suitable for safe implementation. Therefore, this study proposed an adaptive control mechanism based on the iterative learning model to track the single leg gait for lower limb exoskeleton control. To assess the performance of the proposed method, this study implemented the real lower limb gait trajectory that was acquired with an optical motion capturing system as the control inputs and assessment benchmark. Then the impact of the human–robot interaction torque on the tracking error was investigated. The results show that the interaction torque has an inevitable impact on the tracking error and the proposed adaptive iterative learning control (AILC) method can effectively reduce such error without sacrificing the iteration efficiency.
Definition of Yield Seismic Coefficient Spectrum Considering the Uncertainty of the Earthquake Motion Phase
Authors: A. Abdelrahman Adam , Sato Tadanobu , Wan Chunfeng , Wu Zhishen
Published: May 2019

Earthquake engineers are typically faced with the challenge of safely and economically designing structures in highly uncertain seismic environments. Yield strength demand spectra provide basic information for the seismic design of structures and take nonlinear behavior into account. The designed structures, however, must be checked for seismic performance through dynamic analysis. Design-response spectra compatible earthquake motions (DRSCEM) are commonly used for this purpose. Because DRSCEM are strongly affected by the assigned phase characteristics, in this paper, we simulate realistic earthquake motion phase based on a stochastic process that modifies fractional Brownian motion (fBm). The parameters that control this process were determined via regression equations as functions of the earthquake magnitude and epicenter distance, which were obtained through a regression analysis that was performed on data from a database of recorded ground motions. After validating the efficiency of the modeled phase spectrum, large numbers of DRSCEMs were simulated with which several ductility demand spectra were obtained. By statistically analyzing these results, a rigorous yield seismic coefficient demand spectrum is proposed.
Low-Cost Electrode Modification to Upgrade the Bioelectrocatalytic Oxidation of Tannery Wastewater Using Acclimated Activated Sludge
Authors: Elabed Alae , El khalfaouy Redouan , Ibnsouda Saad , Basseguy Régine , Elabed Soumya , Erable Benjamin
Published: May 2019

Effective and eco-friendly technologies are required for the treatment of tannery wastewater as its biological toxicity and large volume leads toground water pollution. Hydrophobic (unmodified carbon felt) and hydrophilic modified carbon felt with Linde Type A zeolite (LTA zeolite) and bentonite were examined for their effects on bacterial attachment, current generation, and tannery wastewater treatment efficiency. Chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry confirmed the higher electron transfer obtained with modified anodes. Maximum current densities of 24.5 and 27.9 A/m² were provided with LTA zeolite and bentonite-modified anodes, respectively, while the unmodified carbon felt gave a maximum current density of 16.9 A/m². Compared with hydrophobic unmodified carbon felt, hydrophilic modified electrodes increased the exploitation of the internal surface area of the 3D structure of the carbon felt by the electroactive biofilm. The study revealed 93.8 ± 1.7% and 96.3 ± 2.1% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction for LTA zeolite and bentonite, respectively. Simultaneous chromium removal was achieved with values of 94.6 ± 3.6 and 97.5 ± 2.2 for LTA zeolite and bentonite, respectively. This study shows the potential approach of carbon felt clay modification for the efficient tannery wastewater treatment using bioelectrochemicals systems (BESs) accompanied with high current recovery.
Desert Dust Contribution to PM10 Loads in Styria (Southern Austria) and Impact on Exceedance of Limit Values from 2013–2018
Authors: Greilinger Marion , Zbiral Johannes , Kasper-Giebl Anne
Published: May 2019

From a legislators point of view, the contribution of natural sources to PM10 loads is relevant since their impact can be subtracted from the daily limit value of PM10 as regulated in a working staff paper by the European Commission (EC), supporting the European Air Quality Directive (2008/50/EC). This work investigates its applicability for two stations in Austria over a time period of six years (2013 to 2018), as the occurrence of long-range transport of desert dust is observed on a regular base. Different stations and different statistical parameters were evaluated to determine the regional background load and subsequently the net dust load (NDL). Results reveal an adapted approach of the methodology described by the EC, using the +/− 15-day mean average of the PM10 at the regional background station, together with threshold criteria to identify only desert dust affected days. The results of calculated NDLs were in good agreement with crustal loads determined on filter samples during two desert dust events in 2016. Thus, the application of the EC method for a region in Central Europe, which experiences a regular but less pronounced impact of desert dust than stations in the Mediterranean, is discussed.
Effects of Fineness and Dosage of Fly Ash on the Fracture Properties and Strength of Concrete
Authors: Wu Chung-Hao , Huang Chung-Ho , Kan Yu-Cheng , Yen Tsong
Published: May 2019

This study focuses on evaluating the effects of the fineness of fly ash on the strength, fracture toughness, and fracture resistance of concrete. Three fineness levels of fly ash that respectively pass sieves—no. 175, no. 250, and no. 32—were used. In addition to the control concrete mixture without fly ash, two fly ash replacement levels of 10% and 20% by weight of the cementitious material were selected for the concrete mixture. The experimental results indicate that the compressive strength of the fly ash concrete decreases with the increase in the replacement ratio of fly ash but increases in conjunction with the fineness level of fly ash. The presence of finer fly ash can have beneficial effects on the fracture energy (GF) of concrete at an early age (14 days) and attain a higher increment of GF at a later age (56 days). The concrete containing finer fly ash was found to present larger critical stress intensity factors (KSIC) at various ages, and the KSIC also increases in conjunction with the fineness levels of fly ash.
The Effects of Thermal and Atmospheric Pressure Radio Frequency Plasma Annealing in the Crystallization of TiO2 Thin Films
Authors: Xu Yu , Zhang Yu , He Tao , Ding Ke , Huang Xiaojiang , Li Hui , Shi Jianjun , Guo Ying , Zhang Jing
Published: May 2019

Amorphous TiO2 thin films were respectively annealed by 13.56 MHz radio frequency (RF) atmospheric pressure plasma at discharge powers of 40, 60, 80 W and thermal treatment at its corresponding substrate temperature (Ts). Ts was estimated through three measurement methods (thermocouple, Newton’s law of cooling and OH optical emission spectra simulation) and showed identically close results of 196, 264 and 322 °C, respectively. Comparing with thermal annealing, this RF atmospheric pressure plasma annealing process has obvious effects in improving crystallization of the amorphous films, based on the XRD and Raman analysis of the film. Amorphous TiO2 film can be changed to anatase film at about 264 °C of Ts for 30 min plasma treatment, while it almost remains amorphous after 322 °C thermal treatment for the same time.
Study on Aging and Recover of Poly (Lactic) Acid Composite Films with Graphene and Carbon Nanotubes Produced by Solution Blending and Extrusion
Authors: Kotsilkova Rumiana , Angelova Polya , Batakliev Todor , Angelov Verislav , Di Maio Rosa , Silvestre Clara
Published: May 2019

The aging, annealing, and reprocessing of the biodegradable poly (lactic) acid (PLA) based composite films incorporating graphene and carbon nanotubes were investigated in this work. Various monofiller and bifiller nanocomposite films with 6 wt.% filler content were produced by a solution-phase technique followed by extrusion. The freshly produced films were compared with the aged films after 18 months of shelf life in a room environment. The effects of aging, annealing, and melt reprocessing on the crystalline structure, the thermal stability, the hardness, and Young’s modulus were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), TGA, and nanoindentation methods. The fresh and the aged samples were found to have semi-crystalline materials with 3%–7% crystallinity, while the crystallinity was significantly enhanced to 34%–38% by annealing at 80 °C and subsequent slow cooling. A good dispersion was observed in the bifiller films with filler ratios of 4.5:1.5 and 1.5:4.5 [graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) to carbon nanotubes (CNT)], which affected the crystallization processes. The reprocessing at 200 °C followed by fast cooling resulted in amorphous films, which significantly reduced the hardness and Young’s modulus. The nanoindentation properties were dependent on the dispersion of nanofillers at the surfaces. The efficiency of annealing and reprocessing for the recovery and the reuse of aged nanocomposite films is discussed herein. The paper underlines that properties of the nanocomposites under investigation were influenced not only by the composition, the chemical nature of the added filler, and the processing condition, but also by the aging processes, which in turn depended on the type of nanopartcles added to PLA and the compositions. The paper provides valuable information for selection of material and processing conditions.
Colloids and Interfaces in Oil Recovery
Authors: Taylor Spencer E.
Published: May 2019

The role of surface and colloid chemistry in the petroleum industry is of great importance to the many current and future challenges confronting this sector [...]
Structure and Properties of High and Low Free Volume Polymers Studied by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Mazo Mikhail , Balabaev Nikolay , Alentiev Alexandre , Strelnikov Ivan , Yampolskii Yury
Published: May 2019

Using molecular dynamics, a comparative study was performed of two pairs of glassy polymers, low permeability polyetherimides (PEIs) and highly permeable Si-containing polytricyclononenes. All calculations were made with 32 independent models for each polymer. In both cases, the accessible free volume (AFV) increases with decreasing probe size. However, for a zero-size probe, the curves for both types of polymers cross the ordinate in the vicinity of 40%. The size distribution of free volume in PEI and highly permeable polymers differ significantly. In the former case, they are represented by relatively narrow peaks, with the maxima in the range of 0.5–1.0 Å for all the probes from H2 to Xe. In the case of highly permeable Si-containing polymers, much broader peaks are observed to extend up to 7–8 Å for all the gaseous probes. The obtained size distributions of free volume and accessible volume explain the differences in the selectivity of the studied polymers. The surface area of AFV is found for PEIs using Delaunay tessellation. Its analysis and the chemical nature of the groups that form the surface of free volume elements are presented and discussed.
Industrial Productivity Divergence and Input-Output Network Structures: Evidence from Japan 1973–2012
Authors: Domínguez Alvaro , Mendez Carlos
Published: May 2019

Since the early 1990s, there have been larger and increasing labor productivity differences across industries in Japan. More specifically, a clear pattern of sigma and beta divergence across industries is observed. To shed light on these stylized facts, we first evaluate the input–output structure of Japan through the lens of a community-detection algorithm from network theory. Results from this analysis suggest the existence of two input–output network structures: a densely-connected group of industries (a stationary community), whose members remain in it throughout the period; and a group of industries (a transitional community) whose members do not belong to this first group. Next, we re-evaluate the industrial divergence pattern of Japan in the context of each network structure. Results suggest that divergence is mostly driven by the transitional community. Interestingly, since 2007, a pattern of sigma convergence started to re-appear only in the stationary community. We conclude suggesting that industrial divergence and instability in community membership are not necessarily indicative of low productivity performance.
A Wearable Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery System Based on Low-Power SoCs
Authors: Berián Jesús , Bravo Ignacio , Gardel Alfredo , Lázaro José Luis , Hernández Sergio
Published: May 2019

The number of patients living with diabetes has increased significantly in recent years due to several factors. Many of these patients are choosing to use insulin pumps for their treatment, artificial systems that administer their insulin and consist of a glucometer and an automatic insulin supply working in an open loop. Currently, only a few closed-loop insulin delivery devices are commercially available. The most widespread systems among patients are what have been called the “Do-It-Yourself Hybrid Closed-Loop systems.” These systems require the use of platforms with high computing power. In this paper, we will present a novel wearable system for insulin delivery that reduces the energy and computing consumption of the platform without affecting the computation requirements. Patients’ information is obtained from a commercial continuous glucose sensor and a commercial insulin pump operating in a conventional manner. An ad-hoc embedded system will connect with the pump and the sensor to collect the glucose data and process it. That connection is accomplished through a radiofrequency channel that provides a suitable system for the patient. Thus, this system does not require to be connected to any other processor, which increases the overall stability. Using parameters configured by the patient, the control system will make automatic adjustments in the basal insulin infusion thereby bringing the patient’s glycaemia to the target set by a doctor’s prescription. The results obtained will be satisfactory as long as the configured parameters faithfully match the specific characteristics of the patient. Results from the simulation of 30 virtual patients (10 adolescents, 10 adults, and 10 children), using a python implementation of the FDA-approved (Food and Drug Administration) UVa (University of Virginia)/Padova Simulator and a python implementation of the proposed algorithm, are presented.
Large-Scale Outdoor SLAM Based on 2D Lidar
Authors: Ren Ruike , Fu Hao , Wu Meiping
Published: May 2019

For autonomous driving, it is important to navigate in an unknown environment. In this paper, we propose a fully automated 2D simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) system based on lidar working in large-scale outdoor environments. To improve the accuracy and robustness of the scan matching module, an improved Correlative Scan Matching (CSM) algorithm is proposed. For efficient place recognition, we design an AdaBoost based loop closure detection algorithm which can efficiently reject false loop closures. For the SLAM back-end, we propose a light-weight graph optimization algorithm based on incremental smoothing and mapping (iSAM). The performance of our system is verified on various large-scale datasets including our real-world datasets and the KITTI odometry benchmark. Further comparisons to the state-of-the-art approaches indicate that our system is competitive with established techniques.
Rollover-Free Path Planning for Off-Road Autonomous Driving
Authors: Li Xingyu , Tang Bo , Ball John , Doude Matthew , Carruth Daniel W.
Published: May 2019

Perception, planning, and control are three enabling technologies to achieve autonomy in autonomous driving. In particular, planning provides vehicles with a safe and collision-free path towards their destinations, accounting for vehicle dynamics, maneuvering capabilities in the presence of obstacles, traffic rules, and road boundaries. Existing path planning algorithms can be divided into two stages: global planning and local planning. In the global planning stage, global routes and the vehicle states are determined from a digital map and the localization system. In the local planning stage, a local path can be achieved based on a global route and surrounding information obtained from sensors such as cameras and LiDARs. In this paper, we present a new local path planning method, which incorporates a vehicle’s time-to-rollover model for off-road autonomous driving on different road profiles for a given predefined global route. The proposed local path planning algorithm uses a 3D occupancy grid and generates a series of 3D path candidates in the s-p coordinate system. The optimal path is then selected considering the total cost of safety, including obstacle avoidance, vehicle rollover prevention, and comfortability in terms of path smoothness and continuity with road unevenness. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed path planning method for various types of roads, indicating its wide practical applications to off-road autonomous driving.
An Overview of Cooperative Driving in the European Union: Policies and Practices
Authors: Botte Marilisa , Pariota Luigi , D’Acierno Luca , Bifulco Gennaro Nicola
Published: May 2019

Cooperative-Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITSs) aim to connect vehicles, both with one another and with road infrastructures, so as to increase traffic safety and efficiency. This paper focuses on the European framework for supporting the development of Cooperative, Connected, and Automated Mobility, and aims to shed light on the current state of testing and deployment activities in the field at the start of 2019. This may be considered particularly timely given that the year 2019 was identified as the starting date for the deployment of mature services, and the Community legislation is currently paying great attention to the matter. In order to present a concise (but comprehensive) picture, we consulted and analysed the most diverse sources comprising more than 2000 pages.
Development of a Mixed-Effects Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model for Oaks (Quercus spp.) Considering Forest Structural Diversity
Authors: Wang Wenwen , Chen Xinyun , Zeng Weisheng , Wang Jianjun , Meng Jinghui
Published: May 2019

In the context of uneven-aged mixed-species forest management, an individual-tree basal area increment model considering forest structural diversity was developed for oaks (Quercus spp.) using data collected from 11,860 observations in 845 sample plots from the 7th (2004), 8th (2009), and 9th (2014) Chinese National Forest Inventory in Hunan Province, south-central China. Since the data was longitudinal and had a nested structure, we used a linear mixed-effects approach to construct the model. We also used the variance function and an autocorrelation structure to describe within-plot heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation. Finally, the optimal mixed-effects model was determined based on the Akaike information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC), log-likelihood (Loglik) and the likelihood ratio test (LRT). The results indicate that the reciprocal transformation of initial diameter at breast height (1/DBH), relative density index (RD), number of trees per hectare (NT), elevation (EL) and Gini coefficient (GC) had a significant impact on the individual-tree basal area increment. In comparison to the basic model developed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, the mixed-effects model performance was greatly improved. In addition, we observed that the heteroscedasticity was successfully removed by the exponent function and autocorrelation was significantly corrected by AR(1). Our final model also indicated that forest structural diversity significantly affected tree growth and hence should not be neglected. We hope that our final model will contribute to the scientific management of oak-dominated forests.
The Importance of Yeasts on Fermentation Quality and Human Health-Promoting Compounds
Authors: Vilela Alice
Published: May 2019

Non-Saccharomyces are important during wine fermentation once they influence wine composition. In the early stages of wine fermentation, and together with indigenous or commercial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, non-Saccharomyces are able to transform grape-must sugars into ethanol, CO2, and other important secondary metabolites. A better understanding of yeast biochemistry will allow the selection of yeast strains that have defined specific influences on fermentation efficiency, wine quality, and the production of human health-promoting compounds. Yeast metabolism produces compounds derived from tryptophan, melatonin, and serotonin, which are found in fermented beverages, such as wine and beer. Melatonin is a neurohormone secreted from the pineal gland and has a wide-ranging regulatory and neuroprotective role, while serotonin, as well as being a precursor of melatonin synthesis, is also a neurotransmitter. This review summarizes the importance of some conventional and nonconventional yeast strains’ alcoholic fermentations, especially in the production of metabolites that promote human health and thus, attract consumers attention towards fermented beverages. A brief reference is also made on fermented beverages containing probiotics, namely kombucha, also known as kombucha tea, and its interesting microorganism’s symbiotic relationships named SCOBY.