bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Sexual Exploitation” as a Logic, and Its Effects of Power in Contemporary Brazil
Authors: Olivar José Miguel Nieto , Farias Natália
Published: January 2021

The present article analyzes the category of “sexual exploitation” based upon the practices that are generally pointed to as part of this category, paying particular attention to its implications and effects on the lives of adolescents and upon state, social movement, and academic abilities to understand the social relationships framed by this category. Our analysis is based on ethnographic fieldwork carried out between 2010 and 2015 among state agents and youth in the sex markets of two Brazilian cities in the Amazon border region. Our empirical data are connected to national and international literature, institutional documents, and our participation in educational activities regarding “sexual exploitation”. Our work indicates that “sexual exploitation” has been institutionally constructed as a poorly defined device that mobilizes conservative moralities regarding youth, sexuality, money, mobility, and gender experimentation. We also find that the youth involved in sex markets do not recognize the legitimacy of the policies carried out in the name of “combatting anti-sexual exploitation”. We conclude that the performative production of “sexual exploitation” as a logic of governmentality feeds back into an institutional grammar of distancing, perplexity, immobility, and excuses. This grammar does not contemplate—let alone care about—the gender experiences, sexualities, economic lives and affective troubles of the youth it targets for surveillance and tutelage.
Police Responses to Persons with Mental Illness: The Policy and Procedures Manual of One Australian Police Agency and ‘Procedural Justice Policy’
Authors: Morgan Matthew
Published: January 2021

Persons with mental illness (PWMI) often report negative perceptions of police treatment following receiving criminalising and heavy-handed police responses. To appropriately control officer discretion and to harness ethical, legal, and efficient police practice when encountering vulnerable and diverse individuals, police agencies across the world issue policy documents to their officers. These documents serve as a reflection regarding how police agencies aspire to manage PWMI in the community. Using a procedural justice framework, this research measures how a large police agency in Australia aspires to manage PWMI and whether the police policy document provides sufficient detail in advocating the appropriate and just police treatment of PWMI. A content analysis of the policy document revealed a lack of sufficient procedural guidelines in effectively controlling police officer discretion when encountering PWMI in the community. This article argues that without further consolidation to embed appropriate procedural guidelines into the policy document, the procedural policy gaps may have a negative effect on the experiences of PWMI when encountering the police.
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and Timely Bachelor’s Degree Attainment
Authors: Otero Carolina
Published: January 2021

It is well established that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are linked to health and emotional outcomes. However, less is known about the relationship between ACEs and educational attainment—a potentially important feature of educational stratification in America. Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a nationally representative study following 7–12th grade students in the 1994–95 school year, I investigate the link between ACEs and these students’ timely post-secondary attainment. I also explore the role of health and socio-emotional factors as mediators. Results confirm that there is a graded relationship between ACEs and timely bachelor’s degree attainment—an additional ACE decreases the odds of timely bachelor’s degree attainment by about 17%, even after accounting for other related factors. In addition, the findings suggest that general health partially mediates this link.
The Case for the Development of a Chagas Disease Vaccine: Why? How? When?
Authors: Dumonteil Eric , Herrera Claudia
Published: January 2021

Chagas disease is a major neglected tropical disease, transmitted predominantly by triatomine insect vectors, but also through congenital and oral routes. While endemic in the Americas, it has turned into a global disease. Because of the current drug treatment limitations, a vaccine would represent a major advancement for better control of the disease. Here, we review some of the rationale, advances, and challenges for the ongoing development of a vaccine against Chagas disease. Recent pre-clinical studies in murine models have further expanded (i) the range of vaccine platforms and formulations tested; (ii) our understanding of the immune correlates for protection; and (iii) the extent of vaccine effects on cardiac function, beyond survival and parasite burden. We further discuss outstanding issues and opportunities to move Chagas disease development forward in the near future.
Deconstructing Frame-Dragging
Authors: Herrera Luis
Published: January 2021

The vorticity of world-lines of observers associated with the rotation of a massive body was reported by Lense and Thirring more than a century ago. In their example, the frame-dragging effect induced by the vorticity is directly (explicitly) related to the rotation of the source. However, in many other cases, it is not so, and the origin of vorticity remains obscure and difficult to identify. Accordingly, in order to unravel this issue, and looking for the ultimate origin of vorticity associated to frame-dragging, we analyze in this manuscript very different scenarios where the frame-dragging effect is present. Specifically, we consider general vacuum stationary spacetimes, general electro-vacuum spacetimes, radiating electro-vacuum spacetimes, and Bondi–Sachs radiating spacetimes. We identify the physical quantities present in all these cases, which determine the vorticity and may legitimately be considered as responsible for the frame-dragging. Doing so, we provide a comprehensive, physical picture of frame-dragging. Some observational consequences of our results are discussed.
Serum Total Thyroxine Evaluation in Critically Ill Feline Patients
Authors: Gori Eleonora , Pierini Alessio , Bartolomeo Erica , Ceccherini Gianila , Pasquini Anna , Marchetti Veronica
Published: January 2021

This retrospective case control study compared serum total thyroxine (tT4) concentrations in hospitalized critical cats (CCs) and non-hospitalized cats with non-thyroidal chronic diseases (chronic group, CG) and evaluated the relationship between the serum tT4 concentration of CCs and systemic inflammation (systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)), disease severity (Acute Patient Physiologic and Laboratory Evaluation (APPLEfast)), and prognosis. Cats with previously suspected or diagnosed thyroid disease were excluded. Serum tT4 was evaluated in surplus serum samples at the time of admission for CCs and CGs. The APPLEfast score of the CC group was calculated at admission. The systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in CCs was determined using proposed criteria. Cats were divided into survivors and non-survivors according to the discharge outcome. Forty-nine cats were retrospectively included. Twenty-seven cats died during hospitalization. The CG group was composed of 37 cats. The CC group showed a significantly lower tT4 compared to the CG group (1.3 ± 0.7 vs. 2 ± 0.9; p < 0.0001). Among SIRS, APPLEfast, and tT4, only tT4 was associated with mortality (p = 0.04). The tT4 cut-off point for mortality was 1.65 μg/dL (sensitivity 81%, specificity 57%, odds ratio (OR) 5.6). Twenty-five cats (51%) had SIRS that was not associated with tT4. Non-thyroidal illness syndrome can occur in critically ill cats and the evaluation of tT4 in hospitalized cats could add prognostic information.
Frequency-Adaptable Tuned Mass Damper Using Metal Cushions
Authors: Rieß Sebastian , Kaal William , Herath Kristian
Published: January 2021

A frequency-adaptable tuned mass damper (FATMD) using metal cushions as tuneable stiffness components is presented. The dynamic properties of the cushions with respect to stiffness and damping are investigated experimentally in this context. The natural frequency of the experimental FATMD is found to be dependent on the precompression of the metal cushions, which behave like nonlinear springs, yielding an adjustable frequency range from 67 to 826 Hz. As the precompression is increased, the stiffness increases while the damping characteristics decrease, the effect of which was quantified using a viscous mass damper model as a first approximation. Measurements have been carried out under five different excitation amplitudes to investigate the amplitude dependency of the resonance frequency. The FATMD was largely unaffected by changes in input amplitude. It was concluded that metal cushions show great potential for use in FATMDs, surpassing the utility of elastomers, especially with respect to their temperature stability.
Analog environment vs. digital communications
Authors: Marinov Rusi
Published: January 2021

In this article, I discuss problems associated with new technologies, digital communications and the future of analog interaction models. I also analyze the development possibilities of artificial intelligence and neural networks based on analog computhttping systems. The transformation today, involves a radical change in existing models and the rediscovery of the benefits of some traditional approaches, which in another context can be much more effective than existing information and digital tools. In this case, it is the analog approaches of quantum computing in combination with new technologies that lead to better results, development of society and the creation of a more human environment.
Hate Speech – What Reduces the Phenomenon in Media
Authors: Nenova Kristina
Published: January 2021

Hate speech can be used as an instrument preferred to exert political influence upon voters during election campaigns. This article provides two examples to support this assumption – the first one is related to a Kirk and Martin’s study on the way main presidential candidates in the USA ran their campaigns in 2016, while the other assumption is related to the current debate in Bulgaria on the National Child Strategy 2019-2030. The present article  focuses upon possibilities to reduce the phenomenon’s influence as well as upon some of the challenges researchers and policy makers face in their attempts to limit it.
The New Functions of Public Media
Authors: Cholakova Maria
Published: January 2021

This article has been inspired by the popular discussions whether the Bulgarian National Television deserves to be named „public“ and how it will survive the new reality, with new types of media capturing the audience. The article aims to identify the steps that should be made in order to win the younger audience’s full trust. A survey of public television practices in EU Member States has been made and the best ones are outlined. Recommendations and next steps are proposed.
Synthetic media and the changing communication environment
Authors: Petkov Stoyko
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the rapidly evolving capabilities and growing presence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) based systems through which synthetic media content is created. Although many organizations use the ability to generate synthetic media content for legitimate use, at the same time, there has been an increase in published manipulative and misleading media content intended for fraud, extortion or other unethical purposes. Artificially created content is useful, on the one hand, for projects in which it is used for voice recovery or missing information, and on the other hand it is dangerous when it is used to replace objective reality or to spread disinformation.
Some guidelines for successful presentation
Authors: Christova Evelina
Published: January 2021

This article aims to provide information for successful presentation. It is based on the results of a study conducted and published for the Yearbook 2018 of the Department of Mass Communications, NBU. As a result of the data collected, it turned out that some students indicated the need for guidelines for successful presentation.
When visual content met storytelling
Authors: Dankova Desislava
Published: January 2021

The current text introduces the idea of communicating through images. The tool is increasingly visible in companies' communication strategies. The prerequisites that lead to the development of this type of communication are discussed, focusing on one of the most used social media – Instagram. A parallel is drawn between the nature of the platform and the ability to find an intersection between visual content and storytelling. At the end of the text, two of the most successful examples from the corporate world are presented and their approach of engaging Instagram followers with the help of experiences in order to convert them into customers while demonstrating the company's philosophy and values.
The Future of Public Diplomacy in Bulgaria
Authors: Aleksandrov Georgi
Published: January 2021

In times of exponential technological and communicational progress, the topic of the future of political communication is gaining more and more strength. As a result of the creation of many new means for communication and the evolution of the democratic society, there was born a new instrument of political power – public diplomacy. Many scholars have already developed large scale works on the topic about the role, the meaning, and the future of public diplomacy on the world stage. Here we have at hand the question for the future of Public Diplomacy in Bulgaria. This scientific topic is interrelated with yet another phenomenon – the European Union and the participation of Bulgaria as a member in it. This article reviews the future role of public diplomacy as an instrument of the sovereign assisted by the soft power of the EU and the significance of a strong and unified European Union.
Gestión presupuestal en una empresa de servicios educativos en Lima
Authors: Carhuancho Mendoza Irma Milagros , Corahua Quispe Bertha , Moreno Rodríguez Rosa Ysabel
Published: January 2021

El estudio se afianzó en diagnosticar la gestión presupuestal en una empresa de servicios educativos en Lima. Desde la perspectiva económica se determinó que las empresas realizan las proyecciones presupuestales buscando el mejoramiento en su economía, pero que no logran concretar al objetivo por diversas situaciones que no estuvieron planificadas, a pesar que existen controles para eventos no deseados, no se logra alcanzar las metas en la mayor parte, tal es el caso de esta investigación. El sintagma de investigación fue holístico con enfoque mixto, tipo proyectiva, método deductivo e inductivo, nivel comprensivo, con instrumentos de análisis documental y entrevista a tres unidades informante de la entidad. Se concluyó que la empresa ha presentado proyecciones desfavorables, por incumplimiento de las actividades programadas, el alza de precios y gastos no previstos, que afectaron al resultado del ejercicio.
La escritura (historiográfica) ¿para qué?
Authors: Puga Yamila
Published: January 2021

El recorrido de El pasado práctico por las fronteras de la historiografía.
The ethics of fictionality in history writing
Authors: Pihlainen Kalle
Published: January 2021

Fictionality has long been viewed in history writing as near-synonymous with abandoning truth and any supposedly consequent, ethical commitments. Understandably, this attitude has impeded the acceptance of theoretical approaches that aim, instead, to reveal the fundamental connectedness of history’s fictional aspects with ethical concerns. This line of thought is nowhere more evident than in the reception of Hayden White. While instrumental in arguing for the similarities between history writing and literary fiction, White has also consistently defended the vital importance of rethinking history’s fictionality. His approach considers that historians might work in more consciously emancipatory and ethically informed ways. This article seeks to improve understanding of White’s complicated position in two distinct ways: firstly, by rehearsing his critical arguments in the context of their general and far-too-often hostile reception; here, the main goal is to address worries relating, in turn, to the claimed extreme textualism, the assumed denial of reality and the supposedly excessive formalism of his positions. Given the generational demand for reiterating these basics, some of this discussion may prove familiar to readers for whom White’s place is already evident. Secondly, the article hopes to contribute to the continuation of White’s legacy by indicating a way to by-pass these controversies through a reconceptualization of White’s ethical objectives and the responsibility he attributes to historians. This view includes examining an unwarranted tension between interpretations of White’s existentialist and poststructuralist commitments in previous readings. The article also identifies the point at which the overlap of these aspects constitutes his expressly ethically motivated relativism.
Tragedia, conflicto y emociones
Authors: Castillo Merlo Mariana
Published: January 2021

En este trabajo propongo repensar el lugar de la filosofía de Ricœur en el escenario contemporáneo, en el marco de los debates entre el giro lingüístico y el giro afectivo. A partir de las observaciones de Ricœur en el interludio “Lo trágico de la acción” del Si mismo como otro, me interesa analizar el papel que juega la metaforización de las emociones trágicas en el aprendizaje ético, teniendo como hipótesis que dicho proceso de metaforización permite aunar elementos constitutivos de la identidad personal y, a su vez, ubicar al juicio moral en situación, poner en práctica la deliberación y repensar el conflicto como componente inherente de la vida humana.
Sobre promesas y cumplimientos
Authors: Alejandro Murad Omar
Published: January 2021

En este trabajo nos proponemos revisitar la ficción de la figuración a partir de la apropiación que hizo de ella Hayden White en sus trabajos sobre la escritura historia, la narrativa y la representación de pasado. En particular, analizaremos el símil de la promesa utilizado por White para caracterizar la figuración en general y el uso de la interpretación figural por parte de Erich Auerbach y del modernismo literario en particular. Sugeriremos que White lee que esta ficción es utilizada en la historia de la literatura occidental para representar la realidad según la lógica de la promesa hasta que en el denominado “estilo modernista” la figuración se presenta como la promesa de una promesa, como la posibilidad de una figura. Esta sugerencia se completa con la idea de que en el uso de la interpretación figural asistimos a un paulatino agenciamiento de la capacidad humana de figurar, que va desde el punto de vista del “ojo de Dios”, hasta la autoconciencia poética sobre las posibilidades figurativas que anidan en un momento cualquiera.
Explorando espacios ficcionales
Authors: Aldegani Emiliano
Published: January 2021

Explorando espacios ficcionales
Progress toward the Clinical Application of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Other Disease-Modulating Regenerative Therapies: Examples from the Field of Nephrology
Authors: Hickson LaTonya J. , Herrmann Sandra M. , McNicholas Bairbre A. , Griffin Matthew D.
Published: January 2021

Drawing from basic knowledge of stem-cell biology, embryonic development, wound healing, and aging, regenerative medicine seeks to develop therapeutic strategies that complement or replace conventional treatments by actively repairing diseased tissue or generating new organs and tissues. Among the various clinical-translational strategies within the field of regenerative medicine, several can be broadly described as promoting disease resolution indirectly through local or systemic interactions with a patient’s cells, without permanently integrating or directly forming new primary tissue. In this review, we focus on such therapies, which we term disease-modulating regenerative therapies (DMRT), and on the extent to which they have been translated into the clinical arena in four distinct areas of nephrology: renovascular disease (RVD), sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI), diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and kidney transplantation (KTx). As we describe, the DMRT that has most consistently progressed to human clinical trials for these indications is mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), which potently modulate ischemic, inflammatory, profibrotic, and immune-mediated tissue injury through diverse paracrine mechanisms. In KTx, several early-phase clinical trials have also tested the potential for ex vivo–expanded regulatory immune cell therapies to promote donor-specific tolerance and prevent or resolve allograft injury. Other promising DMRT, including adult stem/progenitor cells, stem cell–derived extracellular vesicles, and implantable hydrogels/biomaterials remain at varying preclinical stages of translation for these renal conditions. To date (2021), no DMRT has gained market approval for use in patients with RVD, SA-AKI, DKD, or KTx, and clinical trials demonstrating definitive, cost-effective patient benefits are needed. Nonetheless, exciting progress in understanding the disease-specific mechanisms of action of MSCs and other DMRT, coupled with increasing knowledge of the pathophysiologic basis for renal-tissue injury and the experience gained from pioneering early-phase clinical trials provide optimism that influential, regenerative treatments for diverse kidney diseases will emerge in the years ahead.
Art myths in the epic
Authors: V Valarmathi
Published: January 2021

Art is essentially the one which fantasizes by its aesthetics and provides pleasure through a newer perspective. Nature is the basis for any artistic creation and a creative artist composes literature based on his perseverance love for nature and intellectual vigor. The artist intensely feels that everyone should enjoy what he has enjoyed and this is the uniqueness of art. Myth is the originator of all the arts which came later and myth is employed as the interior focal matter around which the story of an epic nature revolves. We come to know that the ancient Tamilians knew the art of integrating and operating the myths to entertain and enlighten the society.
The Influence Of Job Promotion, Work Culture, Work Facilities, Work Satisfaction On Employee Performance In The Hj Bunda Halimah Hospital Batam
Authors: Rumengan Jemmy , Suhardis Adnan , Gunawan Dahlan
Published: January 2021

In this study, researchers used respondent data, such as gender, age and duration  of work of respondents to be able to provide information about the characteristics of  respondents. The study population was employees in the Hj. Bunda Halimah hospital,  which consists of doctors and health workers such as nurses, midwives and administrative  staff. The sample is determined by the number of sample members (sample size) 55 people with proportional random sampling technique. 15 doctors and 40 health  employees. This research is the result of a field study to obtain questionnaire answer data  that measures five main variables in this study, namely Transformational Leadership,  Work Culture, Work Facilities, Job Satisfaction towards Performance in The Hj Bunda Halimah Hospital. The instrument was developed based on theoretical studies, then  defined in conceptual definitions, operational definitions, and developed through lattice  instruments and technical techniques. Knitted data analysis uses descriptive statistics and  statistical analysis to test the significance of path coefficients, descriptive statistics to  present data in the form of frequency distribution tables, histograms, and the number of  statistics such as media, modes, averages, variants, and foreign standards. exchange.  Statistical tests are used to test the significance of path coefficients using Partial Least  Square (PLS) which is a Multivariate Analysis in the second generation using structural  equation modeling (SEM). PLS can be used for a small number of samples, and of course  with a large number of samples will be better able to improve the accuracy of estimates.  PLS does not require the assumption that data distribution must be normal or not. The  construct form can use a reflective or formative model in which from the results of  statistical analysis, the relationship between variables formulated in the formulation of a  problem as many as 7 pieces obtained significant results.
Assistant de langue portugaise en France: ce que l'expérience m'a apporté
Authors: Vasconcelos da Silva Bruna
Published: January 2021

RÉSUMÉ: Le présent article vise à présenter le Programme d’Assistants de Langue en France et son rôle dans l’enseignement de langue française, sous l’optique d’une participante de cette opportunité de mobilité, en plus de discuter des contributions de ce programme au perfectionnement non seulement personnel et professionnel d’un individu, mais aussi des communautés d’accueil et d’origine. À cette fin, le travail a été divisé en trois parties. Dans la première section, sont présentés des éléments des politiques linguistiques de l’Europe en ce qui concerne la mobilité et les échanges culturels. Ensuite, on trouvera les actions de l’assistant dans leurs  particularités et les possibilités de développement professionnel accordées.En plus Il y a la discussion des points pour la formation d’un capital culturel aussi bien des assistants que des élèves, et aussi comment davantage d’opportunités comme celle-ci sont nécessaires pour les professionnels du langage. RESUMO: O presente artigo visa apresentar o programa de Assistentes de Língua na França e seu papel no ensino de língua francesa, sob a ótica de uma contemplada por essa oportunidade de mobilidade, além de discutir as contribuições desse programa para o engrandecimento não somente pessoal e profissional de um indivíduo, como também das comunidades de acolhimento e de origem. Para tanto, o trabalho foi dividido em três partes nas quais são apresentados elementos das políticas linguísticas da Europa no que diz respeito à mobilidade e intercâmbios culturais. Em seguida, é apresentada a situação de atuação do assistente em suas particularidades e as possibilidades de desenvolvimento profissional concedidas. Por fim, há a discussão dos pontos para a formação de um capital cultural tanto de assistentes quanto de alunos, e ademais, como mais oportunidades como esta são necessárias para profissionais da área da linguagem.
Présentation des Actes du XXIIème Congrès brésilien des professeurs de français
Authors: De Britto Damasco Denise Gisele , Franchon Claudine
Published: January 2021

Présentation des Actes du XXIIème Congrès brésilien des professeurs de français
Présentation du Cahier de résumés du XXIIème Congrès Brésilien des Professeurs de Français
Authors: De Britto Damasco Denise Gisele , De Araújo Correia Rosana
Published: January 2021

Présentation du Cahier de résumés du XXIIème Congrès Brésilien des Professeurs de Français
Penyalahgunaan Obat Kodein dan Tahapan Pembuktiannya: Tiga Laporan Kasus
Authors: Bahrir Ainun Jaryah
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAK

Kodein adalah alkaloid terkandung dalam opium sebesar 0,7- 2,5%, selain itu alkaloid kodein juga ditemukan dalam opioid sekitar 0,3- 3,0%. Kodein merupakan obat analgesik golongan opium yang biasa digunakan untuk penghilang rasa nyeri dari sedang hingga berat. Kodein merupakan obat yang paling banyak digunakan dikalangan praktisi kesehatan. Kodein yaitu sejenis obat batuk, namun dapat menyebabkan ketergantungan/efek adiksi sehingga peredarannya dibatasi dan diawasi secara ketat. Dalam menggunakan suatu obat, tidak hanya manfaat terapi dari obat itu yang dipertimbangkan tetapi juga efek samping yang ditimbulkannya. Kodein merupakan salah satu jenis NAPZA golongan depresan. Depresan adalah senyawa yang dapat menekan sistem tubuh. Depresan Sistem Syaraf Pusat (SSP) adalah senyawa yang dapat menurunkan aktivitas fungsional dari Sistem Syaraf Pusat (SSP). Akibatnya yaitu menurunnya fungsi beberapa organ tubuh. Depresan Sistem Syaraf Pusat (SSP) bekerja dengan menekan pusat kesadaran, rasa nyeri, denyut jantung dan pernafasan. Telah dilaporkan beberapa kasus penyalahgunaan kodein hingga menyebabkan kematian. Maka dari itu tujuan dari artikel ini untuk memaparkan tentang kodein dan bagaimana tahapan pembuktian kasus penyalahgunaan dengan menggunakan tiga laporan kasus yang telah ada.

Kata kunci: kodein, analgesik, penyalahgunaan obat, studi kasus

ABSTRACT

Codeine is an alkaloid contained in opium of 0.7-2.5%, besides that codeine alkaloids are also found in opioids around 0.3-3.0%. Codeine is an opium analgesic drug commonly used for moderate to severe pain relief. Codeine is the most widely used drug among health practitioners. Codeine is a type of cough medicine, but can cause addiction so that circulation is limited and closely monitored. In using a drug, not only the therapeutic benefits of the drug are considered but also the side effects it causes. Codeine is one type of drug depressant group. Depressants are compounds that can suppress body systems. Central nervous system (CNS) depressants are compounds that can decrease the functional activity of the central nervous system (CNS). The result is a decrease in the function of several organs of the body. Central nervous system (CNS) depressants work by suppressing the center of awareness, pain, heart rate and breathing. Several cases of codeine abuse have been reported to cause death. Therefore the purpose of this article is to explain about codeine and how the stages of evidence of abuse are used by using three existing case reports.

Keywords: codeine, analgesic, drug abuse, study case
Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Melalui Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah pada Siswa Kelas XI-IPA SMAN 1 Sinjai Tengah (Materi Pokok Laju Reaksi)
Authors: Irsyam Irsyam
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAK

Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (classroom action research) yang terdiri atas dua siklus dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa klas XI-MIPA SMAN 7 Kabupaten Sinjai sejumlah tiga puluh tiga orang. Data tentang aktivitas siswa dan aktivitas guru dikumpulkan dengan lembar lembar instrumen observasi, dan data mengenai respon siswa tentang pembelajaran berbasis masalah menggunakan angket. Data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analais data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) pembelajaran kimia melalui model pembelajaran berbasis masalah, dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah, hingga mencapai atau melampaui KKM, (2) pembelajaran kimia melalui pendekatan pemecahan masalah dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah, dapat meningkatkan kualitas proses belajar kimia siswa yang ditunjukkan oleh aktivitas siswa mencapai kriteria ideal, (4) respon siswa terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran yang dialaminya mencapai rata-rata 92,42% .

Kata Kunci: pemecahan masalah, pembelajaran berbasis masalah

ABSTRACT

The study is a classroom action research which consists of two cycles with descriptive qualitative approach. The subjects of the study were 33 students of grade XI of Science at SMAN 1 of Central Sinjai in Sinjai District. Data on students and tearchers’activities were collected by using observation sheet instrument and data on students’ responses conserning problem-based learning were collected by employing questionnaire. Those data were analyzed by employing qualitative data analyisis teacnique.The results of the study reveal that (1) learning Chemistry through problem-based learning model can improve problem solving competence and achieve or pass sthe KKM, (2) learning Chemistry through problem solving approach by applying problem-based learning model can improve students’ quality in learning Chemistry shown by students’ activities which achieved the ideal criteria, (4) students’ responses on learning activities achieved 92,42% in average.

Keywords: problem based, problen-based learning
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Enzim Bromelain dari Bonggol dan Daging Buah Nanas (Ananas comosus)
Authors: Ilyas Nita Magfirah
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan memurnikan bromelain yang diekstrak dari bagian tanaman nanas (Ananas comosus) melalui metode fraksinasi menggunakan garam ammonium sulfat, diikuti dengan proses dialisis. Aktivitas spesifik tertinggi terdapat pada fraksi ammonium sulfat 50-80% (fraksi 3) baik untuk sampel bagian bonggol maupun bagian daging buah nanas, masing-masing adalah sebesar 0,30 U/mg dan 0,21 U/mg. Fraksi 3 dari bagian bonggol memiliki tingkat kemurnian 132,65 kali enzim kasarnya sedangkan fraksi 3 dari bagian daging buah nanas memiliki tingkat kemurnian 108,47 kali dari enzim kasarnya. Proses dialisis memberikan nilai aktivitas spesifik dan tingkat kemurnian enzim tertinggi pada fraksi 3 dari bagian bonggol nanas yaitu sebesar 0,33 U/mg dengan kenaikan tingkat kemurnian menjadi sebesar 141,58 kali enzim kasarnya. Uji kestabilan termal terhadap fraksi enzim hasil dialisis menunjukkan bromelain dari bonggol memiliki kestabilan termal yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan bromelain dari daging buah nanas. pH dan suhu optimum dari enzim bromelain adalah 7,0 dan 37oC.

Kata kunci: Ananas comosus, bonggol nanas, bromelain, aktivitas spesifik, pemurnian

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to isolate and purify the bromelain extracted from part of pineapple fruit (Ananas comosus) through fractionation method using ammonium sulfate followed by dialysis. The highest specific activity on ammonium sulfate fraction was 50-80% (fraction 3) both for the sample of the core and the flesh of pineapple, each was 0.30 U/mg and 0.21 U/mg. The fraction 3 of the core had a purity level 132.65 times of the crude enzyme while fraction 3 of the pineapple flesh had a purity level 108.47 times of the crude enzyme. From the dialysis process found the highest value of specific activity on fraction 3 of the pineapple core of 0.33 U/mg with a purity level of and 141.58 times of the crude enzyme. Fraction of the core has higher thermal stability than the fraction of the flesh. The optimum temperature and pH of this enzyme was 37oC and 7.0.

Keywords: Ananas comosus, pineapple core, bromelain, specific activity, purification
Pengaruh Suhu Dan Waktu Pemanasan Terhadap Stabilitas Pigmen Antosianin Ekstrak Asam Sitrat Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrizus) Dan Aplikasi Pada Bahan Pangan
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah , Husain Halimah , Syahrir Muh.
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen bertujuan untuk mengetahui stabilitas ekstrak pigmen antosianin kulit buah naga merah (Hylocereus polyrizus) terhadap suhu dan waktu pemanasan serta ketahanan warna antosianin kulit buah naga merah pada bahan pangan. Ekstraksi kulit buah naga merah dilakukan dengan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut asam sitrat 10%: air (6:1). Pengaruh suhu 400C, 500C dan 600C terhadap stabilitas pigmen antosianin dilakukan pada rentang waktu 5 menit, 15 menit, 30 menit, 45 menit dan 60 menit. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengukuran absorbansi sampel pada spektrofotometer UV-Vis dengan λ maks 520,00. Data hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa pigmen antosianin stabil pada rentang suhu 400C- 500C dengan lama pemanasan 30 menit, 45 menit dan 60 menit.

Kata kunci: Kulit buah naga merah, suhu, waktu

ABSTRACT

This research is an experimental study with aim’s to know the stability of anthocyanin pigment extract from red dragon fruit skin (Hylocereus polyrizus) on temperature, heating time and the anthocyanin color resistance of red dragon fruit skin on foodstuffs. Extraction of dragon fruit skin was done by maceration method using 10% citric acid solvent: water (6: 1). The effect of temperature of 400C, 500C and 600C on the stability of anthocyanin pigments was carried out in the time range of 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes and 60 minutes. Then the absorbance measurements of the samples in UV-Vis spectrophotometer were carried out with λ max 520.00. The measoroment result showed that anthocyanin pigment is stable on the temperature range 400C - 500C with heating time of 30 minutes, 45 minutes and 60 minutes.

Keywords: Red dragon fruit skin, temperature, time
Pengaruh penggunaan Scrapbook dalam Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI IPA SMAN 14 Gowa (Studi pada Materi Pokok Sistem Koloid)
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Muharram Muharram , Danial Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan scrapbook pada model problem based learning terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMAN 14 Gowa tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 pada materi pokok sistem koloid. Kelas yang terpilih sebagai sampel penelitian yaitu kelas XI IPA 3 sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan kelas XI IPA 4 sebagai kelas kontrol. Dalam penelitian ini, sebagai variabel bebas adalah model problem based learning dengan penggunaan scrapbook dan model problem based learning tanpa penggunaan scrapbook . sedangkan sebagai variabel terikat adalah hasil belajar peserta didik. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Hasil analisis prasyarat statistik inferensial terhadap posttest hasil belajar menunjukkan bahwa data pada kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol tidak terdistribusi normal serta memiliki varians yang homogen. Uji non-parametrik uji Mann-whitney dengan α = 0,05 dan dk= 4 dan diperoleh zhitung > ztabel ( 1,85>1,64) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima berarti ada pengaruh penggunaan scrapbook pada model problem based learning terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMAN 14 Gowa pada materi pokok sistem koloid.

Kata kunci: PBL, scrapbook, hasil belajar

ABSTRACT

This research was quasi-experimental research that aimed to know The Effect of using Scrapbook on Problem Based Learning Model toward student achievement in class XI IPA SMAN 14 Gowa in academic year 2018/2019 on subject matter Colloidal System. Classes selected as research samples were class XI IPA 3 as experimental group and XI IPA 4 as control group. Problem based learning model with scrapbook and problem based learning model without scrapbook as the independent variables. Meanwhile, student achievement as the dependent variables. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistic and inferential statistic. The result of inferential statistic prerequisite analysis on posttest of student achievement showed that the data in the experimental group and control group wasn’t normally distributed and data has homogeneous variance. The non-parametric test of Mann-Whitney test with α = 0,05 and dk= 4 and obtained Zcalculated>Ztable (1,85 > 1,64). It can be conclude than H0 rejected and H1 acccepted which means there was an effect of using scrapbook on Problem Based Learning model toward student achievement in class XI IPA SMAN 14 Gowa of subject matter colloidal system.

Keywords: PBL, scrapbook, student achievement
Sintesis Nanopartikel Mangan Oksida dengan Metode Sol Gel dan Uji Aktivitas Katalitik terhadap Degradasi Zat Warna Rhodamin B
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Herawati Netti , Wijaya Mohammad
Published: January 2021

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang sintesis nanopartikel mangan oksida menggunakan prekursor KMnO4 dengan metode sol gel, dengan menambahkan aditif etilendiamin dan etilen glikol yang berperan sebagai agen penstabil, selanjutnya menguji aktivitas katalitik dari mangan oksida tersebut terhadap proses degradasi warna rhodamin B. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan zat aditif terhadap ukuran dan bentuk nanopartikel yang dihasilkan serta kemampuannya sebagai katalis dalam proses degradasi zat warna rhodamin B. Nanopartikel yang diperoleh, dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) dan SEM (Scanning Elektron Microscope) serta penentuan aktivitas katalitik dalam proses degradasi terhadap zat warna rhodamin B dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sintesis nanopartikel menggunakan aditif etilendiamin lebih baik dibandingkan dengan aditif etilen glikol karena ukuran nanopartikel berkisar antara 5,66-33,38 dalam bentuk tetragonal. Morfologi nanopartikel mangan oksida terlihat berbentuk bulat yang seragam. Nanopartikel mangan oksida hasil sintesis mampu mempercepat proses degradasi warna rhodamin B dengan persentase degradasi mencapai 85,6%.

Kata kunci: Nanopartikel, Mangan Oksida , Sol gel dan Rhodamin B

ABSTRACT

Research has been carried out on the synthesis of manganese oxide nanoparticles using KMnO4 precursors with the sol gel method, by adding ethylenediamine and ethylene glycol additives which act as stabilizing agents, then tested the catalytic activity of the manganese oxide on the degradation process of Rhodamine B. This study aims to determine the effect of adding substances additives on the size and shape of the nanoparticles were produced and their ability as catalysts in the degradation process of Rhodamin B. Nanoparticles were obtained, characterized using XRD (X-Ray Diffraction)and SEM (Scanning Elektron Microscope)and determination of catalytic activity in the degradation process of rhodamine B dyes with UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The results showed that the synthesis of nanoparticles using ethylenediamine additives was better than ethylene glycol additives because the size of the nanoparticles ranged from 5.66 to 33.38 in the tetragonal form. The morphology of manganese oxide nanoparticles looks uniform in shape. Manganese oxide nanoparticles can accelerate the degradation process of Rhodamin B with a percentage of degradation reaching 85.6%.

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Manganese Oxide, Sol gel and Rhodamin B
HfN multi charge trapping layers for Hf-based metal-oxide-nitride-oxide-Si nonvolatile memory
Authors: Ohmi S. , Horiuchi Y. , Morita H. , Ihara A. , Pyo J.Y.
Published: January 2021

The effect of HfN multi charge trapping layers (CTLs) on the Hf-based metal/oxide/nitride/oxide/Si (MONOS) nonvolatile memory characteristics was investigated to improve the threshold voltage (VTH) controllability. The Hf-based MONOS structure with HfN1.3/HfN1.1/HfN1.3/HfN1.14-layer CTL realized precise control of flat-band voltage (VFB) andVTHcompared to the Hf-based MONOS with HfN1.11-layer CTL. The hysteresis width after the program operation was markedly decreased which was originated from the stable trap site formation at the interface of the multi CTL. The retention and fatigue characteristics were found to be remarkably improved for the Hf-based MONOS structure with HfN multi CTL.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENCEGAHAN HIV/AIDS PADA MAHASISWA KEPERAWATAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN TEORI HEALTH BELIEF MODEL
Authors: Febriyanti Erna
Published: January 2021

ABSTRAK

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) masih menjadi masalah utama kesehatan masyarakat di berbagai negara termasuk Indonesia salah satunya. Mahasiswa merupakan kelompok remaja usia produktif dimana pada usia ini rentan terhadap penularan HIV/AIDS. Usia remaja merupakan  usia mayoritas mahasiswa yang dianggap rentan tertular dikarenakan pengetahuan yang kurang akan bahaya HIV/AIDS. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada mahasiswa keperawatan. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah  kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional.  Populasi  penelitian adalah mahasiswa keperawatan di Universitas Citra Bangsa dan STIKes Maranatha Kupang. Sampel penelitian adalah mahasiswa keperawatan yang diambil  dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan besar sampel 100 responden, kemudian dilakukan analisis menggunakan uji Chi Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persepsi kerentanan yang dirasakan, persepsi keseriusan yang dirasakan, persepsi manfaat yang dirasakan, persepsi hambatan yang dirasakan, persepsi isyarat untuk bertindak, keyakinan diri (self efficacy) memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada mahasiswa Universitas Citra Bangsa dan STIKes Maranatha Kupang. Hasil penelitian ini berguna untuk mahasiswa yang bersangkutan untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan perilaku pencegahan HIV/AIDS serta penyakit menular seksual lainnya.

Kata kunci: Faktor- Faktor, Perilaku, Pencegahan, HIV / AIDS.
Day-ahead renewable scenario forecasts based on generative adversarial networks
Authors: Jiang Congmei , Mao Yongfang , Chai Yi , Yu Mingbiao
Published: January 2021

With the increasing penetration of renewable resources such as wind and solar, especially in terms of large-scale integration, the operation and planning of power systems are faced with great risks due to the inherent stochasticity of natural resources. Although this uncertainty can be anticipated, the timing, magnitude, and duration of fluctuations cannot be predicted accurately. In addition, the outputs of renewable power sources are correlated in space and time, and this brings further challenges for predicting the characteristics of their future behavior. To address these issues, this paper describes an unsupervised distribution learning method for renewable scenario forecasts that considers spatiotemporal correlation based on generative adversarial network (GAN), which has been shown to generate realistic time series for stochastic processes. We first utilize an improved GAN to learn unknown data distributions and model the dynamic processes of renewable resources. We then generate a large number of forecasted scenarios using stochastic constrained optimization. For validation, we use power generation data from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory wind and solar integration datasets. The simulation results show that the generated trajectories not only reflect the future power generation dynamics, but also correctly capture the temporal, spatial, and fluctuant characteristics of the real power generation processes. The experimental comparisons verify the superiority of the proposed method and indicate that it can reduce at least 50% of the training iterations of the generative model for scenario forecasts.
A Survey and Analysis on Automated Glioma Brain Tumor Segmentation and Overall Patient Survival Prediction
Authors: Agravat Rupal , Raval Mehul
Published: January 2021

Glioma is the most deadly brain tumor with high mortality. Treatment planning by human experts depends on the proper diagnosis of physical symptoms along with Magnetic Resonance(MR) image analysis. Highly variability of a brain tumor in terms of size, shape, location, and a high volume of MR images makes the analysis time-consuming. Automatic segmentation methods achieve a reduction in time with excellent reproducible results.

The article aims to survey the advancement of automated methods for Glioma brain tumor segmentation. It is also essential to make an objective evaluation of various models based on the benchmark. Therefore, the 2012 - 2019 BraTS challenges database evaluates state-of-the-art methods. The complexity of tasks under the challenge has grown from segmentation (Task1) to overall survival prediction (Task 2) to uncertainty prediction for classification (Task 3). The paper covers the complete gamut of brain tumor segmentation using handcrafted features to deep neural network models for Task 1. The aim is to showcase a complete change of trends in automated brain tumor models. The paper also covers end to end joint models involving brain tumor segmentation and overall survival prediction. All the methods are probed, and parameters that affect performance are tabulated and analyzed.
La política latinoamericana de Wilson (1913 -1921). Ensayo de interpretacion
Authors: Zyblikiewicz Lubomir
Published: January 2021

La politica latinoamericana de Wilson (1913-1921). Ensayo de Interpretacion.

Zyblikiewicz's article describes Woodrow Wilson's foreign policy toward Latin American states, which was shaped chiefly by economical considerations. Woodrow Wilson very soon started to create a basis for such foreign policy, starting with fdeclarations of friendship and brotherhood with Latin American states few days after taking office. Various measures towards different actors from multiple Latin American states were taken to reinforce this policy.