bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Covid-19 e pratiche postnatali: una moderna parabola
Authors: Davanzo Riccardo , Mosca Fabio
Published: November 2021

Early in the Covid-19 pandemic maternity hospital practices were jeopardized by guidelines produced by scientific societies to reduce the risk of mother to child transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 infection to a minimum. Subsequent research has documented that skin-to-skin contact in the delivery room, feeding directly to the breast and rooming-in can be considered safe, if infection control measures are concurrently applied. Professionals should not forget the proven benefits of breastfeeding and the importance of early mother-baby relationship whenever taking decisions that might hinder these practices.
Routing Optimization for Road Administration Vehicles with Consideration of Overloaded Truck Detour Behavior on Rural Highways
Authors: Jiang Jinyu , Yang Zhongzhen
Published: November 2021

In response to the increasingly frequent detour behavior of overloaded trucks attempting to avoid overload inspection and punishment, this article develops a bilevel programming model to optimize the routes of road administration vehicles by simulating the capture and anticapture interaction between administration vehicles and overloaded trucks. The upper-level model determines the optimal patrol routes of administration vehicles to maximize the number of overloaded trucks that can be captured. The lower-level model deduces the detour routes of overloaded trucks based on their circumvention behavior relative to administration vehicles. To solve the bilevel programming model, this article proposes a heuristic algorithm combining the ant colony algorithm and the labeling algorithm. To validate the proposed model and algorithm, this article uses actual rural highway data for Guiyang, China. The result proves the feasibility and superiority of the proposed programming model and algorithm. Compared to traditional overload management techniques, considering the detour behavior of overloaded trucks in optimizing the routing of road administration vehicles improves the effectiveness of overload management by up to 1.65 times.
Tea: An anti-bacterial agent against drug resistant bacteria
Authors: Sultan Nayyab , Javaid Butt Sabahat , Mehak Wajeeha , Qureshi Samreen , Hamza Abbas Syed , Javaid Butt Aqib
Published: November 2021

Antibiotics have played a crucial role in the treatment of bacterial infections. Past few decades are marked with advancement of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens, which have endangered antibiotic’s therapeutic efficacy. Scientific world is now struggling with the crisis of MDR pathogens. This supreme matter demands careful attention or otherwise it would jeopardize clinical management of infectious diseases. Implication of alternative approaches can pave a new way in the treatment of these troublesome bacteria. Tea leaves are known to pose antibacterial activity against many pathogenic microorganisms. This review has summarized the antibacterial potential of tea leave’s extracts against resistant bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Helicobacter pylori, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi, Acenitobacter spp, Campylobacter spp. Consumption of natural products such as tea may very well replace, minimize or obliterate this complicated situation. Keywords: Anti-bacterial, Tea, Camellia sinensis, Drug resistant bacteria, Antibiotic resistant bacteria, Synergism, Polyphenols.
Effectiveness of Calcium Hydroxide (CaOH) as agent for Direct Pulp Capping in the Mandibular Molars
Authors: Noor Asif , Afzal Javeria , Mahmood Asad , Saad Ullah Muhammad , Munawar Mehwish , Mutahir Mehdi Muhammad
Published: November 2021

Background: Direct Pulp Capping technique has been in use as a treatment therapy to sustain a vital pulp. The substitute procedure to the endodontic therapy or extraction is precise & successful pulp capping. Calcium hydroxide (CaOH) is considered as gold standard agent for pulp capping because of antibacterial characteristics & ability to form dentinal bridge. Calcium hydroxide has also shown great results on peri-apical healing process. Aim: To evaluate success rate of direct pulp capping when CaOH is used as a direct pulp capping agent Setting: Multan Dental College Multan Methodology: Sample size 60 cases. Patients of 15-40 years age group were selected with the exposure of the vital pulp by caries or Trauma in permanent lower molars clinically. Those cases with pinpoint (precise) exposure of pulp were selected. Flow of blood from site of exposure should be ceased inside two to three minutes after the applying the soaking cotton pallet with the saline. Results: 25 were woman (41.67%) and 35 were men (58.33%). Overall percentage of success is 80% which means that 48 patients had showed effectiveness, while twelve patients had shown failure of pulp capping Conclusion: We conclude that Calcium hydroxide is a choice for the direct pulpal capping. When a site of exposure is sealed/ wrapped by means of calcium hydroxide, the odds of the failure may decrease, and prognosis might be good. Keywords: Calcium hydroxide, Direct Pulp Capping, Postoperative X-ray, follow-up
Lymphopenia is Associated with Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infections
Authors: Shireen Maria , Shoaib Qureshi Sarah , Nawaz Arsalan , Amir Wasim , Farooq Mehrin , S. Kazmi S. Khurram
Published: November 2021

Background: Covid-19 is a very contagious and quickly spreading viral infection, caused by a corona virus SARS-COV-2 which was originally reported in China on December 5, 2019. It was confirmed as pandemic by WHO on March 11, 2020. This disease is yet under research. It has variable severity which includes no symptoms to pneumonia. This can cause death of the patient. Aim: To evaluate the association of Lymphopenia with severity of COVID 19 in COVID-19 patients Methods: It was a retrospective observational study conducted in COVID wards of Ghurki hospital Lahore. Record of 100 COVID-19 patients that were admitted between March and July 2021 fulfilling the inclusion criteria was included in the study. A pre-structured pro forma was filled to collect the data. Results: Out of 100 patients, 30 patients were included in Non-severe group while severe group had 70 patients. The mean age of study population was 52.5±10.38 with 60% male and 40% female. 70% patients in severe group had some co-existent comorbidity. The most commonly reported symptoms were fever and cough in both groups while shortness of breath was more commonly reported in severe group. Conclusion: Lymphopenia is associated with severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections. Lymphocytes count can be used to assess the severity of COVID 19. Keywords: Lymphocytes, Lymphopenia, Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID 19.
Comparative Assessment of Motivation for Career Choice Among Students Studying in a Private Medical Institution
Authors: Rafeeq Shireen , Riasat Ali Hafiza Asma , Asim Khan Daniyal , Ashraf Chaudhry Muhammad , Amin Bushra , Raza Tahira
Published: November 2021

Aims: (a) To compare career choice motivations between medical and dental students from the same institution and (b) To compare career choice motivations between male and female students at the institution. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study where 304 students answered a questionnaire regarding career choice motivations. Responses consisted of 6 dimensions and 18 items. SPSS 23 was used for data analysis. Results: Both medical and dental students gave similar responses to career choice motivators with only one item showing a significant difference, diverse career opportunities, favoured more by medical students (p=.032). Both groups were more motivated by professional status and opportunity to care for people, less by working hours and high income. Genders showed significant differences in the dimensions of status and security (p=.004), and nature of occupation (p=.0001), with males scoring higher. From individual items, professional status was the highest motivator (92% males, 84.5% females). The lowest motivators for males was high income and regular working hours (both 60%) and regular working hours for females (31.1%) followed by high income (42.7%). Significant differences were seen in secure career (p=.004), regular working hours, (p=.0001), opportunity for self-employment (p=.013), use of manual skills (p=.012), general interest in science (p=.043), and high income (p=.0001), all favoured more by males. Conclusion: Both medical and dental students selected their careers for mainly professional and altruistic considerations rather than monetary gain, however, males were more highly motivated by status, security and income compared to females. Keywords: Career choice, dental students, gender, medical students, motivation.
Frequency of Vitamin D deficiency in Coronary artery disease patients following up in tertiary care cardiac center in Lahore
Authors: Khan Niazi Attaullah , Muneeb Muhammed , Sana Umer Kanza , Hameed Khan Ammar , Manzar Kiran , Rasheed Sana
Published: November 2021

Aim: To find out frequency of Vit. D deficiency in Coronary artery disease following up in tertiary care cardiac center Method: It is Purposive Cross-sectional study, Duration study period of two months in which 228 patients attended out clinic and underwent admission at department of cardiology & cardiovascular surgery, Data collection tool (a struc-tured questionnaire) consists of demographic data, Vitamin d3 level, details of medications and co-angulation factors, ECG findings and expected Echocardiogram findings Result: The subjects were severely deficient in vitamin D and its levels were inversely correlated with most of the com-ponents of metabolic syndrome. A Vitamin D deficiency is stirring the Pakistan rural population regardless of their age, gender, and the results of this study’s result have showed that this vitamin D deficiency is crucial in Pakistan. However, large scale studies are required to verify our findings. Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, Vitamin D. deficiency, Coronary artery disease, Malnutrition
Frequency of Significant Prostate Cancer (Gleason Score ≥ 7) in Suspected Patients Having Pi-Rads Score ≥4: Descriptive Study
Authors: Bangash Madiha , Shamrez Khan Sehrish , Naimat Mahjabeen , Alvi Sana Afzal , Afzal S Kanza , Laique Talha
Published: November 2021

Background: Most common malignancy among males is prostate cancer causing many deaths. Aim: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of PI-RADS ≥4 lesions in predicting prostate tumor keeping histopathology as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional validation. Methodology: The current project was conducted at Department of Radiology, Armed Forces Institute of Radiology and Imaging, Rawalpindi. Total 114 patients suspicion of prostate carcinoma between 40 to 80 years of age were included. Patients with already diagnosed carcinoma prostate and with inadequate biopsy specimens for diagnosing prostate cancer were excluded. After including the patients in this study, all patients were undergone MRI imaging findings to calculate PI-RADs score as per operational definition. After that biopsy specimens were taken and sent to the histopathology department for determination of Gleason score (GS), a patient was labelled as having significant prostate tumor. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of PI-RADS ≥4 lesions in predicting prostate tumor keeping histopathology as gold standard was 84.85%, 83.33%, 87.50%, 80% and 84.21% respectively. Conclusion: PI-RADS ≥4 is non-invasive modality of choice with high diagnostic accuracy in detecting ca prostate. Keywords: Prostate Cancer, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Sensitivity
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practical Implementation of Bioethical Principles among Dental Professionals
Authors: Alamgir Wajiha , Ashraf Aroosa , Naseer Rabia , Tariq Shanzay , Abrar Faheem , Rashid Salman
Published: November 2021

Aim: To analyze the level of awareness, knowledge and attitude towards bioethics among dental professionals and practical implementation of bioethical principles in their dental practice.. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional, pre-validated questionnaire based research was conducted at four dental teaching institutions of Lahore, Pakistan. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used. Results: Majority of the respondents 167(60.7%) were graduates having desirable knowledge and awareness of term “BIOETHICS”. It was appreciative that contributors had a positive perspective about the role of bioethics and have accepted its worth in their daily lives. A greater proportion 117(50.9%) of the participants gave opinion that full description of risks and benefits should be stated in informed consent. The fact that most of the respondents are dedicated to learn more about bioethics was endured out by present data as 224(81.5%) were of the opinion that bioethics should be a part of curriculum at undergraduate level. The survey specified that organ donation and abortion are considered as most critical bioethical issues. Conclusion: Dental fraternity has a fair knowledge of term ‘Bioethics’ and trend is seen towards practical implementation of principles of bioethics. Many domains of bioethics are still under debate because responses were influenced by cultural and religious norms. There is a dire need of development of innovative educational initiatives of ethics related to clinical/ technical issues, practice management, and social/ civic controversies. Keywords: Bioethics, Practical Implementation, Bioethical principles, Human rights, Confidentiality
Enamel Demineralization and Remineralization Detection Using Non-invasive Optical Imaging
Authors: Fatemah Memon Hijab , Hirani Suraiya , Yousfani Jaweria , Aslam Reema , Mushtaque Sehar , Memon Iqra
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), is one of the most emerging diagnostic imaging technique. It is capable of producing 3D images using optical scattering media. The fast signal acquisition quality has made it a promising tool to detect early in vivo and in vitro lesions. The aim of this study was to reproduce previous demineralization results and to detect remineralization using OCT. Methodology: Bovine enamel discs were used thoroughly in this study. The study was done using the flow cell for detecting demineralization and remineralization following 96 hours demineralization and 192 hours remineralization. A time lapse monitoring was done and the lesions were assessed visually. ImageJ software was used to process the images produced through OCT. The lesion depth and intensity was measured across the images produced which helped in assessing the difference between remineralization and demineralization. Results: OCT B-scan images result in increased backscattering light which is considered the main principle to measure lesion depth and mineral loss. Whereas, in remineralization decreased band of light appeared with reduction in porosity during mineral precipitation. The results for remineralization were diverse and could not be assessed. Conclusion: OCT is favorable technique to detect demineralization and remineralization but it still needs a lot of improvement especially regarding remineralization there are limitations which need to be improved.
Prevalence of Lower Back Pain in Pregnant Women with Pre-Eclampsia
Authors: Shafi Parveen , Khan Rahim , Ahmad Tariq , Zeb Syed Alam , Sajjad Ahsan
Published: November 2021

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of lower back pain in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration: Mardan Medical Complex/BKMC, Tahseel Headquarter Hospital, Takht Bhai Mardan, Swabi Medical Complex /GKMC, from October 2019 to October 2021. Methods: Total 160 pregnant women were presented in this study. Patients were aged between 18-45 years. Detailed demographics of enrolled cases age, body mass index, gestational age, and residency and education status were calculated after taking informed written consent. Patients were divided into two groups. Group I had 80 patients with pre-eclampsia and group II had 80 patients with normotensive. Gravidity among both groups was assessed. Symptoms and prevalence of lower back pain among both groups were assessed and compared. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 22.0 version. Results: Mean age of the patients in group I was 27.09±5.66 years with mean gestational age 33.14±7.41 weeks while in group II mean age was 26.55±8.26 years with mean gestational age 32.47±8.33 weeks. Thirty seven patients (46.3%) in group I was primigravida and 40 (50%) in group II was primigravida. Thirty nine patients (48.8%) had urban residency in group I and in group II thirty seven (46.3%) cases were from urban area. Frequency of literacy among both groups were 42 (52.5%) and 44 (55%). Prevalence of lower back pain in group I was 55 (68.8%) higher as compared to group II 53 (66.3%) with no any significant difference. Domestic work was the most common cause among both groups followed by social work (Job), lifting of heavy object and medication pain. Conclusion: We concluded in this study the prevalence of lower back pain among pregnant women was significantly high among both pre-eclampsia and normotensive cases. Most common causes of lower back among women was domestic work. Health professionals must be proactive in diagnosing LBP and providing proper management due to the enormous impact of it on the quality of life. Keywords: Pregnant Women, Low Back Pain, Prevalence, Symptoms, causes.
Evaluation of sports services to be provided by local governments by rural area managers (village headmen). Example of elazig province
Authors: Bingölbali Abdullah , Mendeş Bekir
Published: November 2021

Background: The villages, which are the smallest of the local government and rural units, have increased their proximity to the cities with the developing technological opportunities and thanks to the developing mass media, the desire to present the social, sportive, and cultural opportunities offered in the cities to the villages has increased. Aim: This study was planned to determine the views of village headmen in rural areas on the sports services to be provided by local governments to the countryside. Methods: In the research, semi-structured and in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 Headmen using the phenomenology design which is one of the qualitative research methods. The collected data were analyzed by content analysis and descriptive analysis methods. In this context, the expressions obtained from the opinions of headmen were themed. Results: when the opinions of the Headmen who participated in the study were examined, it was observed that the explanations they expressed were compatible with scientific studies. When the issue is looked at from this point of view, it has been determined that the evaluations of the headmen on local governments and sports issues are at a level that cannot be underestimated. Conclusion: In our research, it has been revealed that local administrations do not give sufficient support to the villages regarding sports activities. Most of the headmen stated that they will not be taken care of and their demands will not be taken into consideration. In this study, the sensitivity of the village headmen, who are considered as the closest service unit to the public, regarding sports services and youth, and their thoughts on serving them are important in terms of showing the level of Turkish society. Keywords: Local Governments, Village Headmen, Sports Services, Elazig, Rural Area
Sustainability of Local Government Laws and Sports Services in Turkey
Authors: Bingölbali Abdullah
Published: November 2021

Background: Sustainability is a concept that has been frequently heard and therefore given importance recently. Ecological changes occurring today, ever-increasing excessive consumption habits, unstoppable population growth rate and economic developments have caused this concept to become widespread. Therefore, states have had to act by considering their continuity and future in the planning of all kinds of services to be offered to the public. Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the dimensions of sustainability in local government laws in the field of sports and its effect on sports services. Methods: The case studies design was used in the study, which was designed according to the qualitative research model. Herein, in accordance with the purpose of the research document review and scanning method, which are the data collection methods, were used. It is aimed to reach more sources by analyzing the written materials containing information about the targeted phenomenon or cases. Results: When local government laws are examined in terms of economic and environmental sustainability, there are no explanatory and satisfactory explanations regarding these issues. Conclusion: It cannot be said that local government laws on sports and sports services are satisfactory in terms of social, and economic sustainability Keywords: Sustainability, Local Governments, Sports Services, Rural Areas, Turkey
ANALISIS MODEL PENYELAMATAN PEMBIAYAAN BERKUALITAS RENDAH DAN PEMBIAYAAN BERMASALAH NASABAH TERDAMPAK COVID-19 BANK DAERAH SYARIAH
Authors: Anas Irham , Kambut Anasril
Published: November 2021

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid 19) has made a serious impact on the national banking industry. Financial Services Authority (OJK) has issued a relaxation policy that is expected to suppress non-performing loans/financing in national banks. This study aims to identify and assess policies, technical models and contracts from restructuring activities for customers affected by Covid 19 at Islamic Banks towards sharia principles and banking prudential principles. This Qualitative - Empirical Research concludes that the activity of restructuring activities for customers affected by Covid 19 at PT Bank Daerah Syariah is in accordance with sharia principles and banking prudential principles, a note of improvements on the side of administrative costs and the financing restructuring contract.
Georg Frankl : ¿el tercero o el primer hombre en la génesis del autismo?
Authors: Luchelli Juan Pablo
Published: November 2021

El autismo es un trastorno del desarrollo que tiene consecuencias significativas sobre el devenir de las personas concernidas. Descrito oficialmente por primera vez en la década de 1940, el trastorno conoció oscilaciones conceptuales, pero cada vez más se lo considera una suerte de espectro o de continuo caracterizado principalmente por una dificultad en la comunicación social. En este artículo demostraremos como dos tipos clínicos bien diferentes del espectro autístico, es decir las descripciones clínicas de Kanner y de Asperger, deben mucho al rol jugado por el psiquiatra vienés Georg Frankl quién trabajó con ambos clínicos. El rol de Frankl no solo habría sido el de oficiar como una suerte de canal de comunicación entre Kanner y Asperger, sino quien influenció de manera decisiva en la obra de ambos psiquiatras.
Características del insight en la esquizofrenia. Una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Sotelo Daniel , Grasso Verónica , Meloni Gabriela
Published: November 2021

El tratamiento de la esquizofrenia continúa siendo un enorme desafío. A pesar de los avances de las últimas décadas en fisiopatología, genética y terapéutica, los resultados generales en la evolución de los pacientes no parecen haber experimentado cambios tan significativos. La cognición es particularmente importante, teniendo en cuenta que es determinante en la funcionalidad, y ésta, a su vez, en los rendimientos sociales, familiares, académicos y laborales. Dentro de las variables cognitivas se puede incluir la capacidad de insight, como una forma de auto reconocimiento, que va más allá de la conciencia de enfermedad. Como todas las funciones cognitivas, también se encuentra deteriorada en los pacientes y dificulta, quizás como ninguna otra, la adherencia al tratamiento, con la posibilidad de mala evolución, recaídas y peor pronóstico. El objetivo del presente trabajo es investigar, a través de una revisión bibliográfica, las características de insight en esta patología y cuál es su importancia en la clínica y pronóstica.
Pelatihan Pengelolaan Sampah Melalui Bank Sampah di Desa Madyopuro Malang
Authors: Cahyono Bagus Dwi , Budi Karno Setyo
Published: November 2021

Permasalahan sampah merupakan permasalahan klasik yang masih sering terjadi, terutama di kota besar. Permasalahan dalam pengelolaan sampah di Desa Madyopuro, Malang cukup berat dimana dikarenakan minimnya ruang lapang yang dapat digunakan sebagai tepat pebuangan sapah dan kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat. Masyarakat masih ada yang membuang sampah sembarangan dan membakar sampah. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah memberikan gagasan pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan alternatif solusi berupa edukasi pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga. Metode yang digunakan yaitu penyuluhan kepada masyarakat dan penyebaran poster. Penyuluhan mengenai edukasi pengelolaan sampah menggunakan metode SOS (sort out, saved) dengan prinsip 5R (reduce, reuse, recycle, replace dan replant) dan memahami peran bank sampah. Pada kegiatan pengabdian ini peneliti bekerja sama dengan SMKN 06 Malang sebagai tempat penyuluhan bank sampah. Hasil pengabdian kepada masyarakat yaitu meningkatkan motivasi warga desa dan merubah pola pikir mereka mengenai kesadaran lebih peduli terhadap lingkungan dan diharapkan untuk segera membuat kesepakatan dengan perangkat desa untuk membentuk bank sampah guna meminimalisir adanya timbulan sampah.
Identification of Facial Expressions using Deep Neural Networks
Authors:   Information Technology Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Engg, New Delhi, India, .. Harsh ,   Information Technology Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Engg, New Delhi, India,   Information Technology Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Engg, New Delhi, india;,   Information Technology Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Engg, New Delhi, India, .. Parv , Dubey Arun Kumar , Soni Preetika
Published: November 2021

Detecting and analyzing emotions from human facial movements is a problem defined and developed over many years for the benefits it brings. During playback when developing data sets, data sets with methods become more and more complex and accuracy and difficulty increase gradually. In the given paper, we will use a deep structured learned network using the two mechanisms - Vgg and Resnet50 with deep layers to classify emotions based on input images in complex environments, besides that we also use learning methods combining many modern models to increase accuracy. Experimental results show that the two proposed methods have better results than some modern methods in emotional recognition problems for complex input images and some results reported in scientific studies. Particularly combined learning method gives good accuracy - 66.15% on the dataset FER2013
Ensemble Learning for Facial Expression Recognition
Authors:   Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, INDIA, admin admin ,   Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, INDIA, Gupta Monika
Published: November 2021

Facial expressions are the translation of the emotions such as anger, sadness, happiness, disgust felt by a person. Facial expression recognition, classification of expressions which has application in various industries such as hospitality, medical to name a few. There are various datasets available for facial expression recognition, we used FER 2013 dataset to build a classification algorithm. This algorithm classifies the emotions into seven categories namely, angry, disgust, happy, sad, fear, surprise and neutral. In traditional convolutional neural network algorithm the computing time is very large, ensemble learning significantly reduced the computing time and offered a promising accuracy. Features of images were extracted using the convolutional neural network, further these features were implemented using XGBoost and Random Forest to build classification algorithms and an accuracy of 77% and 74% was obtained. This was comparable to the accuracy obtained by traditional convolutional neural network which was 75% also with very less computing time.
Improving Cloud-based ECG Monitoring, Detection and Classification using GAN
Authors:   Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, Delhi, INDIA, admin admin ,   Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, Delhi, INDIA, Gupta Monika
Published: November 2021

Internet of Things (IoT) based healthcare applications have grown exponentially over the past decade. With the increasing number of fatalities due to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), it is the need of the hour to detect any signs of cardiac abnormalities as early as possible. This calls for automation on the detection and classification of said cardiac abnormalities by physicians. The problem here is that, there is not enough data to train Deep Learning models to classify ECG signals accurately because of sensitive nature of data and the rarity of certain cases involved in CVDs. In this paper, we propose a framework which involves Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) to create synthetic training data for the classes with less data points to improve the performance of Deep Learning models trained with the dataset. With data being input from sensors via cloud and this model to classify the ECG signals, we expect the framework to be functional, accurate and efficient.
Electrocardiogram Classification Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks: A Review
Authors:   Master Student at ICT Department, Duhok Polytechnic University, Duhok-Kurdistan Region, Iraq, admin admin ,   Duhok Polytechnic University, Duhok-Kurdistan Region, Iraq,, Abdulazeez Adnan Mohsin
Published: November 2021

Due to many new medical uses, the value of ECG classification is very demanding. There are some Machine Learning (ML) algorithms currently available that can be used for ECG data processing and classification. The key limitations of these ML studies, however, are the use of heuristic hand-crafted or engineered characteristics of shallow learning architectures. The difficulty lies in the probability of not having the most suitable functionality that will provide this ECG problem with good classification accuracy. One choice suggested is to use deep learning algorithms in which the first layer of CNN acts as a feature. This paper summarizes some of the key approaches of ECG classification in machine learning, assessing them in terms of the characteristics they use, the precision of classification important physiological keys ECG biomarkers derived from machine learning techniques, and statistical modeling and supported simulation.
Novel Filter of DWT for Image Processing Applications
Authors:   Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq, Eleiwy Jabbar Abed ,   Applied Science Department, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq, Jaafar Nagham
Published: November 2021

In this work, wavelets are used in the analysis of medical images, where the efficiency of mathematics in this field has been proven because the basis of the proposed wavelets in this work is newly constructed mathematical equations, and through the MATLAB program, many programs have been designed to be ready for use in the field of image analysis and study. Physical samples were selected that were compressed using the proposed wavelets, and good results were obtained that prove the efficiency of the method used.
THE POLITICS OF RELIGION AND THE COMPLEX SPIRITUALITY OF RELIGIOUS ENCOUNTERS AND CO – REALIZATIONS: THE MULTIVERSE OF HINDU ENGAGEMENT WITH CHRISTIANITY IN INDIA
Authors: Kumar Giri Ananta
Published: November 2021

The paper discusses the complexity of spiritual quest and bordercrossing dialogues in India. It discusses the multiverse of engagement between Hindus and Christians and the plural streams of co-walking, contradictions and confrontations. It discusses the complex histories of encounters between Hindus and Christians. It discusses the inter-religious dialogues undertaken by religious leaders, reformers and common people from both the traditions.
BUDDHIST IDENTITY: A CASE STUDY OF BUDDHIST WOMEN’S NARRATIVES IN NAGPUR CITY
Authors: I. Choudhary Ajay
Published: November 2021

Indian women rarely observed as independent identity due to its caste hierachization. Thus a woman identity along with an identity of being lower caste simultaneously makes her a victim of a rigidly imbibed patriarchy and the caste system in our society. Lots of conversion had taken place to transform the life of human beings. But the investigative studies done on these kinds of religious conversions mostly focused on men and gave less importance on its impact on women identity. Among these conversions, Dr. Ambedkar’s conversion to Buddhism had succeeded to a great extent in providing a new respectable identity to many. Yet the status of Buddhist women, among the Buddhist community, remained the most unexamined part of this conversion. Thus, this paper tries to examine whether the Buddhist identity succeeded to provide a sense of self respect and equal status to Buddhist women or what extent the Buddhist identity stood able to replace their stigmatized identity in public sphere by investigating the narrative provided by the Buddhist women about their own identity.
CHURCH AUTONOMY, SEXUAL ORIENTATION, AND EMPLOYMENT POLICY IN BRITAIN: A LEGISLATIVE HISTORY OF THE EMPLOYMENT PROVISIONS OF THE EQUALITY ACT 2010
Authors: Waltman Jerold
Published: November 2021

How much autonomy should religious institutions have when they employ paid staff? This paper lays out two contrasting models, blanket liberalism and liberal pluralism, that come into play in this area. It then examines in some detail how Parliament dealt with the issue as it considered the Equality Act 2010, especially as the law pertained to sexual orientation. Although the Labour government would have liked to have pushed the country more toward blanket liberalism, in the end it left the law as it was, which was a victory, for the moment at least, for those churches who wished to retain their present degree of autonomy.
MILITANT AND COOPERATIVE INTERNATIONALISM AMONG AMERICAN RELIGIOUS PUBLICS
Authors: L. Guth James
Published: November 2021

Although there has been much speculation about the way that religion shapes American attitudes on foreign policy, there are few empirical analyses of that influence. This paper draws on a large national sample of the public in 2008 to classify religious groups on Eugene Wittkopf’s (1990) classic dimensions of foreign policy attitudes, militant internationalism and cooperative internationalism. We find rather different religious constituencies for each dimension and demonstrate the influence of ethnoreligious and theological factors on both. Combining the two dimensions, we show that American religious groups occupy different locations in Wittkopf’s hardliner, internationalist, accommodationist, and isolationist camps.
THE CHURCH AND CONGRESS: RELIGIOUS AFFILIATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY VOTING IN THE U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Authors: Collins Todd , A. Wink Kenneth , L. Guth James , Livingston C. Don
Published: November 2021

Recent literature in the religion and politics area has focused on the effect of various measures of religious affiliation on the political behavior of the mass public. Here we add to the evolving literature examining the influence of religious orientation on political elite behavior, focusing on the U.S. House of Representatives. Method. We use data on the religious affiliations of U.S. House members and National Journal scores of foreign policy voting to test the influence of religion on foreign policy ideology from 1998-2003. Our findings indicate that even after controlling for traditional political factors, religious identity influenced foreign policy voting in the House. African-American Protestants, Latter-day Saints (Mormons), and Evangelical Protestants present the most distinctive patterns. Conclusions. From this analysis we see further indications that religion influences legislative behavior in a way that, although intertwined with political partisanship, appears distinct from traditional political factors.
RELIGION AND GOVERNMENT POLICY FORMULATIONS: A STUDY OF THE RESPONSES OF MUSLIMS TO THE CORONER LAW SYSTEM IN LAGOS, NIGERIA
Authors: Oguntola Laguda Danoye
Published: November 2021

This paper appraises the relationship between religious beliefs and politics within the context of government policy formulation and law in a society (Nigeria). This is to gauge the response of religious adherents to government policies and laws that claimed to be secular but in reality touches on religious beliefs of a segments of the society. This has created a paradox that needs critical evaluation to determine if government policies and laws are devoid of religious influence. There is also the need to strike a balance between making laws and formulating policies in a secularized society where citizens have often lend a voice(within organized religions) to influence and force changes in such laws and policies. Data for analysis were gathered using random sampling method based on the religious affiliation and belief, education, gender and awareness(of the existence of CLS) of respondents in the five divisions of the state-Lagos. The analysis of the data shows that religion has the capacity to occasion changes of government laws and policies even in a pluralistic society like Nigeria as the coroner law system that was introduced by Lagos state government (one of the federating states in Nigeria) in 2007 and later withdrawn a year later due to hues and cries of Muslims in the state has shown. This form is the basis of analysis in this paper. The paper adopts a sociological and historical method for analysis.
CLASSICAL AND CONTEMPORARY MUSLIM JURIDICAL VIEWS OF TERRORISM
Authors: Ahmed Bsoul Labeeb
Published: November 2021

Terrorism, which has become a very hot topic, might become the twen- ty-first century’s most important issue, depending upon the methods used to combat it. The methods now being used, however, might actually lead to more terrorism. Regardless of how the perpetrator views his/her action, it is guaranteed to capture everyone’s attention and become part of the ongoing political, social, economic and religious discourses. This paper discusses Islam’s views of terrorism in general and those of the classical jurists in particular. I will discuss this issue by relating its concepts, terminologies, thoughts, Qur’ānic verses and prophetic traditions in order to show that Islam rejects terrorism. Furthermore, I argue that Islam, ever since it first appeared, has called for the implementation of security in practice, as opposed to theory, and therefore advocates the protection of essential and legitimate human concerns (i.e., re- ligion, life, the right to live in peace, mind/reason and wealth). This paper pre- sents historical events and cases that refute the claims of western media and some scholarly view that Islam favors and supports terrorism.
HAMAS: A TERRORIST ORGANIZATION OR LIBERATION MOVEMENT?
Authors: M. Aljamal Yousef
Published: November 2021

This article examines the West’s designation of Hamas as a terrorist or- ganization. Describing Hamas as such is unfounded. Western terror criterion and Hamas’s Charter is not clear evidence that the movement is not ready to engage in the political process. The article draws a comparison between the Hamas’s Charter and the Charter of the Israeli Likud Party. A number of argu- ments are presented in support of Hamas not being a terrorist organization. Among such evidences are Hamas’s electrical victory in 2006, and many state- ments made by the movement’s leaders. Moreover, Hamas has never threat- ened the West, thus there is no justification to designate it as a terrorist or- ganization. The liberation discourse of the movement and the ongoing Israeli occupation of the Palestinian territories must also be considered. The author concludes that the West is urged to officially talk to Hamas for any lasting peaceful resolution to prevail in the Middle East.
POST – ‘ARAB SPRING’: BENEFICIAL LESSONS IN GOVERNANCE FROM RECENT EVENTS IN EGYPT AND TUNISIA
Authors: Fattah Batchelor Daud Abdul
Published: November 2021

The fall of elected Egyptian President Morsi is likely to reverberate into the future throughout the Arab World. It pits the growing large communi- ty of Islamic-committed citizens (just under 60 percent in Egypt according to Pew Center surveys) and frustrated youth wanting participatory govern- ance and legitimate freedoms against military autocrats, their business and judicial associates, and hereditary rulers in the region who wish to maintain the status quo against the bedrock Islamic principle of representative govern- ance. Tunisia leads the way in providing a to-date successful transition post- ‘Arab Spring’ to an alternative vision favouring the welfare of its citizens. This is a consequence of the flexibility and willingness of Islamists there to work together in coalition with other groups even secularists. Egypt displays the beginning of an epic struggle that will unlikely end until some form of partici- patory governance is achieved through civil disobedience. President Moham- mad Morsi managed the passage of a new constitution (presently suspended) under strong opposition but was unable to project a ‘democratic’ image or resolve the country’s economic problems. He also failed to embrace inclusive- ness even to work closely with other Islamic forces – the Salafists and the AlAzhar institution. Chief of the armed forces, Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi however, in rebelling against his civilian commander, is attempting to restore the pre-Arab Spring status of covert military rule. He successfully drew initial support from the Salafists and liberals but can no longer assume their backing. Shaykh AlAzhar in openly supporting al-Sisi has compromised the erstwhile high regard held for Al-Azhar in the Muslim world.
GOVERNANCE, WOMEN, AND THE NEW TUNISIA
Authors: Arfaoui Khedija , Tchaïcha Jane
Published: November 2021

This paper considers the important events and challenges as they per- tain to female governance in the “New Tunisia”, resulting in large part from the National Constituent Assembly (NCA) elections charged with writing a new constitution. The analysis focuses on the role women played in the election process, including women’s participation in the interim government (January 2011-November 9, 2011) and political parties. It continues with an in depth ex- amination of the debates and actions that emergedamong various factions during the first two years following the revolution, which has led to increased concern about the preservation of Tunisian women’s rights. The principal re- search question asks, “To what extend have Tunisian women been able to par- ticipate actively in shaping the new Tunisia and will this trend continue?” The study integrates several investigative approaches: historical narrative of fac- tual events, participant observation (from both researchers), interviews, and careful review of the ongoing actions and activities of women’s groups and societal challenges since October 23, 2011, which in turn, has spunconsiderable debate within Tunisian society about the status of women in the new Tunisia.
RELIGION AND THE SEARCH FOR A NEW COSMOPOLITANISM
Authors: Maddox Graham
Published: November 2021

In a post Cold-War world riven with ‘minor’ conflicts, and a West anxious about the intermittent threat of terrorist attack, human equality and sodality (fraternity and sorority) require urgent review. Among interesting proposals for a theoretical foundation to human equality is Martha Nussbaum’s call for a revived, modern version of Stoicism to teach indifference to race and a neighbourly goodwill. Yet in her concern to avoid ‘teleologies’ Nussbaum denatures Stoicism by disconnecting it from its transcendent foundations. A problem for the modern world is to maintain the authority of states, with their capacity to produce relief for the poor and oppressed along with their capacity to dominate, while having them absorb the ideals of cosmopolitanism into their own policyformation. It is incumbent on the democratic state, the progenitor of the cosmopolitanism of both Cynicism and Stoicism, to promote the ideals of human dignity and equality. Nussbaum’s Stoicism scarcely helps, but there are globalizing organizations, such as the United Nations and its agencies, and globalized religious organizations, as advanced by Hans Küng, which may supply the institutional foundation.
‘THE PRESIDENT OF NIGERIA HAS NO FINAL SAY’: SHARIA LAW CONTROVERSIES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR NIGERIA
Authors: Benson Ohihon Igboin
Published: November 2021

The unusual response of former President Olusegun Obasanjo (of Nigeria) to the adoption of shariah law in northern Nigeria that it “will soon fizzle out” was as intriguing and philosophical as the formal adoption of shariah law itself. This is against the backdrop of his antecedence in handling burning national matters. The critical issues bordered on whether the adoption of sharia was political or religious since it was through the parliament rather than the mosque. The paper examined the President’s responses against the prevalent political factors and showed that its implications have continued to reverberate in the Nigerian polity. The paper argued that a definite secular or multi-religious status (not a religious state) of the country should be articulated through the gristmill of thorough-bred intellectual and constitutional engagement.
PLURALISM AND INDIVIDUALIZATION IN THE ARGENTINE RELIGIOUS FIELD: CHALLENGES FOR CATHOLICISM IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF SOCIETY AND POLITICS
Authors: Mallimaci Fortunato , Cruz Esquivel Juan
Published: November 2021

This article analyses the changes in the modern Argentine religious field. Based upon statistical studies on beliefs and religious attitudes, we describe the consequences of secularization in Argentine society, the way in which people believe and practice religion, the changes in religious identification, the religious diversification process and the way in which the religious practices’ and beliefs’ level of institutionalization have been decreasing. In this framework, we trace the development of the complex relationship between the State, the politics and the Catholic institution. We focus particularly on Catholicism because it is the most prominently public religion in Argentina, the most powerful and the most influent on the State and political arenas.
THE LEGITIMACY OF THE PAPACY
Authors: Fernandez Vega Jose
Published: November 2021

Since he became pope, Jorge Mario Bergoglio seems to have started a new era in the Vatican. As is usually said, he is the first Jesuit and the first South American in history to govern the Catholic Church. Francis, as it will be argued here, raises many interesting questions to political theory. His figure is now globally accepted in a world where politicians lack of popularity or loose it very soon. ¿Will he solve the deep legitimation crisis of the Church he received? Besides, his critics from within and fro outside the Church, accused him of being a populist. They say he comes from a country with a deep inclination to populism. ¿How much has Argentine political culture, and recent history, influenced Francis’s political strategy? Francis has also changed the bulk of the Church discourse towards society, insisting in subjects like social inequality, motivating priests to go with joy where the people are an denouncing the tragedies of migrants as well as the sadness and solitude of those living in contemporary world, even if they are not poor. This article will address those topics and offer an answer to the theoretical questions they pose.