bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGGUNAAN TEPUNG DAUN TURI ( Sesbania grandiflora ) DALAM PAKAN BUATAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP IKAN GURAMI (Osphronemus gouramy)
Authors: Vega Yuni Tri dea , Raharjo Eka Indah , Farida Farida
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan persentase penggunaan tepung daun turi yang terbaik dan sesuai dalam komposisi pakan buatan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup ikan gurami. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) menurut Hanafiah (2012) dengan 4perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Susunan perlakuan adalah Perlakuan A : Tepung daun turi  0 % dalam pakan (kontrol), Perlakuan B : Tepung daun turi  15% dalam pakan , Perlakuan C : Tepung daun turi  30 % dalam pakan dan Perlakuan D : Tepung daun turi  45 % dalam pakan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 60 hari yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui laju pertumbuhan berat dan panjang spesifik, konversi pakan, kelangsungan hidup, retensi protein,retensi lemak serta kualitas air sebagai faktor penunjang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian tepung daun turi 30 % pakan menghasilkan pertumbuhan yang sangat baik pada benih ikan gurami dengan berat rata – rata 3,80 % dan panjang rata – rata 3,40 %. Untuk nilai konversi pakan menghasilkan nilai rata – rata 2,56,kelangsungan
FREKUENSI PEMBERIAN CACING TUBIFEX SP YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP BENIH IKAN SEMAH (Tor douronensis)
Authors: Fikri Rilo Al , Raharjo Eka Indah , Prasetio Eko
Published: October 2018

Ikan semah (Tor douronensis) tersebar di Sumatra, Kalimantan, dan Jawa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan frekuensi pemberian cacing tubifex yang tepat untuk menghasilkan pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan semah yang terbaik.Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Susunan perlakuan A, frekuensi pemberian pakan 2 kali sehari B, frekuensi pemberian pakan 4 kali sehari C, frekuensi pemberian pakan 6 kali sehari D, frekuensi pemberian pakan 8 kali sehari. Variabel pengamatan meliputi pertumbuhan panjang mutlak, pertumbuhan bobot mutlak, tingkat kelangsungan hidup.Rata-rata pertumbuhan bobot dan panjang mutlak adalah perlakuan C (1,237±0,015) dan (2,970±0,062).Tingkat kelangsungan hidup 100%.
IDENTIFIKASI DAN PREVALENSI EKTOPARASIT PADA IKAN BETUTU (Oxyeleotris marmorata) YANG DILALULINTASKAN MELALUI SKIPM KELAS I PONTIANAK
Authors: Ratin Dannie Patria , Raharjo Eka Indah , Prasetio Eko
Published: October 2018

Ikan Betutu merupakan salah satu jenis media pembawa berupa ikan yang dilalulintaskan melalui SKIPM Kelas I Pontianak. Ikan ini digemari masyarakat karena banyak manfaatnya. Karena seringnya dilalulintaskan maka diperlukan identifikasi dan prevalensi ektoparasit untuk mengantisipasi tersebarnya ektoparasit. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei pengamatan langsung pada ikan sampel selama 6 bulan mulai Januari sampai Juni 2017. Jumlah sampel yang didapatkan berjumlah 27 ekor, positif ektoparasit 20 ekor dan jenis ektoparasitnya Dactylogyrus sp. dan Lernea sp. Tingkat prevalensi tertinggi Januari untuk Dactylogyrus sp (sirip 42%, insang 71% dan kulit 0%) untuk Lernea sp. (sirip 0%, Insang 0% dan kulit 85%), terendah Mei dengan Dactylogirus sp. (sirip 0%,  Insang 50% dan kulit 0%) dan Lernea sp.(sirip 0%, Insang 0% dan Kulit 100%). Intensitas serangan ektoparasit tertinggi Januari yaitu Dactylogyrus sp. (Sirip 5,33 ind/ekor, Insang 3,2 ind/ekor dan Sirip 0 ind/ekor) untuk Lernea sp. (Sirip 0 ind/ekor, Insang 0 ind/ekor dan Sirip 7 ind/ekor). Dominansi ektoparasit Dactylogyrus sp. terjadi Februari 63%, Maret 54%, April 82% dan Juni 56% sedangkan Lernea sp. mendominasi Januari 57% dan Mei 67%. Berdasarkan siklus, Januari mengalami puncak serangan Ektoparasit, Mei mengalami titik terendah dan Juni mulai mengalami kenaikan. Dengan terdeteksinya siklus parasit maka akan dapat dideteksi.
PENGGUNAAN SERBUK LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe vera) DALAM PAKAN SEBAGAI IMMUNOSTIMULAN TERHADAP HEMATOLOGI IKAN BIAWAN (Helostoma teminckii)YANG DI UJI TANTANG DENGAN BAKTERI Aeromonas hydrophila
Authors: Prasetio Eko , Rachimi . , Hermawansyah Muhammad
Published: October 2018

Aeromonas hydrophila merupakan penyebab Motile Aeromonad Sepricemia (MAS). Pada penelitian ini, pakan mengandung serbuk lidah buaya diaplikasikan sebagai imunostimulan untuk mengobati penyakit MAS pada ikan biawan (Helostoma teminchii). Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan 5 perlakuan 3 ulangan yaitu perlakuan A (KN 0 g/kg pakan serbuk), B (KP 0 g/kg pakan serbuk), C (20 g/kg pakan serbuk), D (30 g/kg pakan serbuk) dan E (40 g/kg pakan serbuk). Pakan uji diberikan selama 7 hari sebelum uji tantang dan 14 hari setelah uji tantang. Uji tantang dilakukan dengan menyuntikan suspensi bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila dengan dosis 108 sel/cfu sebanyak 0,1 ml secara intramuscular. Variabel pengamatan meliputi respon makan, pertambahan bobot, eritrosit, leukosit, hematocrit, heamoglobin dan kelangsungan hidup. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan perlakuan KP jumlah eritrosit, leukosit, hematocrit dan heamoglobin memiliki jumlah yang paling rendah dan perlakuan dosis serbuk lidah buaya 40 g hampir mendekati jumlah pada perlakuan KN yang merupakan sebagai pembanding  pada perlakuan lainya. Pemberian pakan yang mengandung serbuk lidah buaya sebanyak 20, 30, dan 40 g/kg dapat mengurangi tingkat mortalitas dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif dan kontrol positif. Serbuk lidah buaya melalui pakan memeberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap kelangsungan hidup ikan biawan pasca infeksi. Dosis serbuk lidah buaya 40 g/kg menunjukkan hasil terbaik dibandingkan dengan dosis yang lain.Kata kunci:Lidah buaya, Ikan Biawan , Aeromonas hydrophila,Hematologi
Pengaruh Media Sosial sebagai Sumber Belajar IPS Terhadap Motivasi Belajar, Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Permana Erwin Putera
Published: October 2018

Penelitian  ini  dilatarbelakangi  hasil  pengamatan  dan  pengalaman  peneliti,  bahwa pendidikan di sekolah dasar lebih cenderung menitikberatkan pada pembelajaran konvensional, sehingga siswa kurang terlibat aktif berpikir secara kritis dan kreatif dalam proses pembelajaran disekolah. Hal ini mengakibatkan motivasi belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran kurang. Permasalahan  penelitian ini adalah pengaruh penggunaan media sosial  sebagai sumber pembelajaran IPS terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis, berpikir kreatif dan motivasi belajar siswa sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan subyek penelitian siswa kelas V. Jenis desain penelitian ada lah non-equivalent control group design pada siswa kelas V Sekolah Dasar di Kota Kediri.  Digunakan  beberapa instrumen untuk mendukung penelitian ini yaitu Pengukuran motivasi belajar siswa menggunakan angket motivasi belajar, di analisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Pengukuran kemampuan berpikir kritis  menggunakan  rubrik kemampuan  berpikir  kritis  terintegrasi dengan tes kognitif, dan pengukuran berpikir kreatif terintegrasi pada tes hasil belajar kognitif.  Data ditabulasi kemudian dianalisis. Penelitian  ini menunjukkan bahwa: (1)  terdapat perbedaan motivasi belajar siswa dari kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok perlakuan. (2) ada perbedaan kemampuan berpikir kritis kelompok kontrol dengan perlakuan, (α = 0,057>0,05). (3) ada perbedaan berpikir kreatif antara kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan (α= 0,055>0,05).  Disimpulkan bahwa media sosial sebagai sumber belajar IPS dapat meningkatkan  motivasi belajar, kemampuan berpikir kritis, kemampuan berpikir kreatif.
Application of Operational Research in Campus Construction Taking the Construction of the New Campus in a University as an Example
Authors: Shen Changhua
Published: October 2018

Since its inception, operations research has been rapidly developed andwidely used. On the basis of introducing the production, development, application and application characteristics and steps of operational research, this paper combines the successful construction of a new campus with the use of operations research to solve flood control problems, examples of power distribution standards, and proposes many problems in campus construction. Learning is effectively solved. For example, the functional layout of the campus; power supply, water supply, supply of steam lines; television, telephone, computer network laying; floor, building height determination;human resources arrangements; construction fund allocation; tree flowers and plants selection, layout.
Medical Board Complaints against Physicians Due to Communication: Analysis of North Carolina Medical Board Data, 2002–2012
Authors: Davignon Phil , Young Aaron , Johnson David
Published: October 2018

Anecdotal evidence suggests that communication issues are one of the primary reasons for physician complaints, but quantitative studies have yet to examine this assertion. The North Carolina Medical Board's Complaint Department maintains data on physician complaints and categorizes each complaint based on its primary cause. Using data from 2002–2012, our research focused on complaints against physicians licensed by the North Carolina board to determine the extent to which communication issues contribute to complaints against physicians. An analysis of this data reveals that physician complaints based on communication issues are consistently the most prevalent reason for complaints against physicians in the state of North Carolina. In addition, communication-based complaints account for more than one in five complaints made against North Carolina physicians. These results are discussed in light of their implications for the field of medicine as it seeks to improve patient care.
The Interstate Medical Licensure Compact: Making the Business Case
Authors: Maresh Blake T.
Published: October 2018

The United States Constitution established and the Supreme Court has affirmed the proper role of states in regulating medicine throughout American history. However, the opportunities and mounting pressures of modern medical practice have called into question the viability of state-based regulation to address the increasing practice of physicians across state lines. This article will argue that the crossroads at which state medical boards find themselves provides an opportunity for an interstate compact as the best solution for adapting to the forces of current and future trends.

A brief examination of the history of state-based licensing, and the dynamics that led up to the formation of the Federation of State Medical Boards will provide a basis for consideration of interstate compacts as a constructive response to critiques of the present regulatory structure. With a common understanding of the utility and widespread use of the interstate compact, we will turn our attention to how it emerged as a viable option, key specifics of an interstate compact for medical licensure, and the extent to which the model that has been crafted by the FSMB can complement the existing authority of state medical boards.
Implementing Strategic Changes to the USMLE
Authors: Dillon Gerard F. , Johnson David A.
Published: October 2018

State medical boards rely upon the USMLE to help inform their decision to issue a resident/training license or a full, unrestricted license. USMLE has been implementing enhancements to the program since the 2009 adoption of the program's strategic plan by the FSMB House of Delegates. Among these enhancements are refocused efforts to support licensing decisions; greater emphasis on foundational medical science throughout the entire exam sequence; adding new measures related to core physician competencies; further refinement of assessments of clinical skills and the incorporation of new formats assessing how well examinees interpret and use clinical evidence in patient care. After major enhancements to Step 2 Clinical Skills in recent years, focus has shifted to Step 3. New content oriented around the Foundations of Independent Practice (FIP) and Advanced Clinical Medicine (ACM) will be introduced in November 2014. While state board sponsorship has been discontinued as part of Step 3 eligibility criteria, the USMLE continues working to bolster the involvement of state medical boards in the design and oversight of the USMLE program.
FEATURES OF SUNFLOWER BIOPRODUCTIVITY IN INFLUENCE ZONE OF FOREST BELTS
Authors: Ruleva О. V. , Ovechko N. N.
Published: October 2018

Sunflower occupies considerable acreages and is one of the principle species for vegetable oil production in Russia, so the specificities of its growing in the systems of forest belts with the use of no-till technology are to be studied. The research was conducted in Mikhailovsky and Ilovlinsky areas, the Volgograd region. The main research object was the sheltered sowings of sunflower hybrid LG-5456 on southern chernozems with the use of no-till technology in different vegetation phases. The comparative data on sunflower variety Rodnik grown on light-chestnut soils by the common technology is presented. The unique scheme of fields observation was used which was based on the system analysis and study of the patterns of agrophytocenoses functioning in the zone of forest belts influence. The data on leaves area, assimilating surface, and photosynthetic activity were obtained. The leaves area during the three years of research has reached its maximum values in 2016, wherein there was its burst caused by abundant rainfalls and registered in July, 12, 2017, in the zone of depression at a distance of one height (1H) of the forest belts. In the droughty 1999 the maximum quantity of leaves of the variance Rodnik in the phase of full ripeness was at a distance of 5H and equaled 21, and decreased up to 16 in control site. The analysis of assimilating surface in timing displayed its changes in logistic dependence. The photosynthetic potential of sunflower in space at a different distance from forest belts changes in exponential dependence. The said characteristics provide the prediction of species development. The harvest quality indices of sunflower hybrid LG-5456 grown by dry farming in the zone of windbreaks influence were obtained. The weight of 1000 grains reached the maximum value of 59.27 g in 2016 at a distance of 15H and 45.06 g in 2017 at a distance of 30H. The diagnosis of mineral nutrition in sunflower plants was carried out. The insufficiency in boron content at a distance of 10H in 2017 resulted in the stopping of the development of flowers and decrease in weight of calathides, number of grains per calathide, weight of 1000 grains which affected the indices of oil content and seeds fullness.
MULTIPURPOSE UTILIZATION OF THE ASPERGILLUS ORYZAE FUNGUS - THE PRODUCER OF THE HYDROLASE COMPLEX
Authors: Rimareva L. V. , Serba Е. М. , Overchenko М. B. , Ignatova N. I. , Krivova А. Yu. , Kurbatova, Е. I. , Sokolova Е. N.
Published: October 2018

The possibilities of multi-purpose use of metabolites Aspergillus oryzae 01134 under deep cultivation and residual biomass of micromycetes were investigated. By 36 h of growth of the fungus, the level of proteolytic activity (PS) in the culture fluid (CS) was 87%, and β-glucanase (GCS) – 97% of the maximum value achieved at 48 hours of growth. The results of studies of the dynamics of changes in the content of proteins and polysaccharides in the biomass of the fungus during its growth showed a decrease in their level to 48 h of growth, by 15.0; 5.0%, respectively, due to the increased activity of intracellular hydrolytic enzymes and the beginning of autolytic processes. Culture liquid was applied for filtration for biomass separation, ultrafiltration and drying to obtain a concentrated enzyme preparation (CFP). The enzyme preparation CFP with proteolytic activity of 680 u. PS/g, β-glucanase activity of -143 HLA/g, amylase activity of 764 AC/g was obtained. The content of amine nitrogen was 0.6%, crude protein – 12,8%, ODS – 18,0%.The presence of 13 major protein fractions was established by electrophoretic studies of fractional composition of CFP protein substances. The results of identification of peptide fractions showed that more than 50% of bioactive peptides with molecular weight (MM) from 15 to 40 kDa showed proteolytic activity. Peptide fractions WITH mm 57-60 kDa were characterized by the presence of β-glucanase activity. 4 peptide fractions with MM 20,9; 26,7; 35,0 and 51,4 kDa showed amylolytic activity. The results of the residual biomass study showed that it contained 20,8% crude protein, 31,0% polysaccharides (ODS), 3,3% reducing carbohydrates, 0,4% amine nitrogen and 1,6% amino acids in free form. According to the content of essential amino acids in the protein, the fungal biomass is not inferior to animal proteins, is close to the FAO/who scale and is superior to such amino acids as methionine, tryptophan (10,2 against 3,5 and 18,0 against 1,0 g/100g of protein, respectively), yielding to such amino acids as valine and leucine (3,4 against 5,0 and 4,3 against 7,0 g/100g of protein, respectively). The presence of a high amount of tryptophan and methionine in microbial biomass opens up prospects for the use of the latter to create dietary SUPPLEMENTS for functional purposes.
BOTANICAL COMPOSITION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF PERENNIAL GRASSES AGROPHYTOCENOSES WITH TETRAPLOID MEADOW CLOVER
Authors: Kasatkina N. I. , Nelyubina Zh. S.
Published: October 2018

The biological properties of plants, their mutual relations under different growth conditions and at different periods of their life, must be known for obtaining highly productive agrophytocenoses with participation of a meadow clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Botanical composition and fodder productivity of perennial grasses in agrocenoses with participation of meadow tetraploid clover Kudesnik were studied in 2014-2017. It was revealed that in the first and second years of use the agrophytocenosis, the yield of green mass was formed due to meadow tetraploid clover, the share of its participation in the first mowing was at level of 71-87% and 64-97% respectively. Specific weight of clover in multispecies agrocenoses considerably decreased by the third year of use: in the first mowing up to 32-68%, in the second - up to 8-52%. At the same time, the percentage of long-term herbaceous grasses increased: meadow timothy (Phleum pratense L.) - up to 34-54%, eastern galega (Galéga orientális Lam.) - up to 33%, changeable alfalfa (Medicago x varia Martyn) - up to 22-54%, lotus corniculatus (Lotus corniculatus L.) - up to 14-19%. The proportion of weed admixture in single-species clover planting was 12%, in agrocenoses - 2-14%. The grass mixtures clover + timothy and clover + alfalfa + timothy were less infested by weeds. High yield of dry weight of single-species sowing of meadow tetraploid clover was obtained in the first two years of use - 7.8 and 6.5 tons / ha, respectively. By the third year of use, the productivity of clover has decreased to 2.9 t / ha. On average, for three years of use, the highest yield (6.2-6.3 t / ha) was formed by agrocenoses meadow tetraploid clover + meadow timothy and meadow tetraploid clover + changeable alfalfa + meadow timothy.
INTRODUCTION TO CULTURE AND PROSPECTS FOR USING LEGUMINOUS HERBS IN SELECTION OF THE NORTHERN ECOTYPE
Authors: Ivanova О. G. , Yudina М. Т. , Yakimenko М. V.
Published: October 2018

Introduction to the culture of new species of legumes, allocated from the native wild flora and creating high-protein varieties, fully used bioclimatic resources, adapted to the extreme conditions of the North, can solve the problem of overcoming the typical for the northern territories of protein deficiency of the bulky feed. To assess the potential productivity, the forage quality and the usefulness of using in the selection, within three years the biological, morphological, economically-valuable traits of the aboriginal ecotype Lathyrus maritimus Bigelow have been studied under conditions of natural grassland and the test field. Indicator of the potential productivity of green mass of the ecotype under conditions of natural grassland exceeded 200 c/hectare against the backdrop of fertilizers in dose P60K60.  The forage is characterized by good quality: crude protein-17,5-21,7%. The period of adaptation of the specimens in new conditions, regardless of the method of introduction, amounted to three years. Besides, only 38 of collectible 150 samples yielded a productivity equal to the natural analogues. According to the authors, method of vegetative propagation has proved more effective in comparison with seed reproduction, due to the Rhizobiums, carried over with rhizosphere of the rhizomes into the test field. In the options of the experience with the vegetative reproduction the effect of biological symbiosis was achieved due to the individual characteristics of the interacting organisms, which formed the optimum combination in vivo growth. In support of this hypothesis, the authors cite the comparative analysis of the basic physical parameters of virgin and arable alluvial soils, which defines the specificity of the transformation of the top organic and accumulative part of the profile and organic matter, and, therefore, the nature of the microflora. The arable soils composition of microbial cenosis does not contain effective strains for the north ecotype Lathyrus maritimus Bigelow. This leads to low efficiency of the seed propagation and slowly development of the introduced plants in the new conditions. In order to enhance the capabilities of plants to adapt and realize the potential agronomic traits at a higher level, identified priorities for further work in the selection of the varieties and complementary for them strains of the Rhizobiums.
COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS PURE-BREED AND MIXED BRED STORE PIGS OF CANADIAN SELECTION
Authors: Morozova L. А. , Mikolaychik I. N. , Chumakov V. G. , Neupokoeva А. S.
Published: October 2018

The aim of the research was to compare the productive qualities of the purebred and cross-breeding young pigs on the fattening of Canadian breeding in two- and three-breed crossings. Object of the study: youngsters of the Landras pigs, two-breed hybrids (Landras x Yorkshire), three-breeders (Landras x Yorkshire x Duroc), imported from Canada to the KFKH "Il'tyakov VN", Oftenozero district of the Kurgan region. The results of the experiment showed that under the same feeding conditions and the content of purebred, two- and three-breeded young pigs of Canadian breeding, differences in the character of the change in the dynamics of the live mass are observed. The gross increase in live weight was the highest in three-breed hybrids and amounted to 128.32 kg, which is 4.27% (P <0.05) higher than for pure-landrace. The age of reaching a live weight of 100 kg was the smallest in the three-breed hybrids in comparison with the two-breed hybrids and purebred landrace at 2.69 and 5.83 days. The slaughter yield in tri-tribe hybrids exceeded the purebred landrace by 1.25% (P <0.01). The weight of the paired carcass was also higher in tri-hybrids compared to the bipedal hybrids at 2.49 and purebred landrasas - by 7.36% (P <0.05). The highest content of dry matter was characterized by meat obtained from pure-earthland, while the protein and intramuscular fat content did not differ significantly and was within the range of 22.35-22.45% and 2.52-2.55%, respectively.
IDE IT IS THE PROSPECTIVE OBJECT FOR AGRICULTURAL FISH FARMING
Authors: Servetnik G. Е.
Published: October 2018

The Ide (Leuciscus idus) it is the cold-water fish, which allows for carp spawning usage for natural and artificial reproduction. The article presents materials about the Ide cultivation in the pond polyculture as potential object for agricultural reservoirs. The Ides are characterized by high immunological and physiological status; its blood cell morphology differentials contain up to 30% of the small lymphocytes (5 mkm). High activity of the humoral factor (congenital immunity) was indicated (complement - 0.24, properdin - 2.28 U / ml). Fish-biological estimation was carried out in fish farms in 1-2 fishing zones. Spawnings received from group were taken to grow two-year-olds yearlings. The weight of the yearlings varied within 5-7 g. Carps and Ides were realized in to the fishing pond with total area of 57 hectare with the density of 1000 unit/ ha and 20 unit/ha (2% in relation to carp) respectively. The biological features of these fish are briefly described and the questions of growing various age groups are considered, up to the formation of brood stocks. It is established that the Ides spawning is active in the conditions of carp spawning ponds, and the Ide’s intensity of growth in the first and second years of life in ponds is higher than in natural conditions. In the fishery "Shostka" the two-year-olds Ide reached 180... 200 g. A comprehensive assessment of the Ide producers in the "Shostka" and "Kirya" farms showed that Ide can be included in the Carp producing technology with the allocation of the wintering pond which will be harvested at an earlier time. In our opinion, it is most expedient to use the natural reproduction way – to spawn in early spring in spawning carp ponds, while the weight gain of the eggs can reach 300 ... 600 g.
ON CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY OF BERRY CROPS SUITABLE FOR MECHANIZED HARVESTING
Authors: Panfilova О. V.
Published: October 2018

The review of domestic and foreign reports devoted to the improvement of currant and gooseberry cultivation technology for mechanized harvesting is presented. Common approaches to the selection of cultivars and methods of agricultural practice are considered: the importance of a cultivar in the aspect of industrial cultivation; planting design; the value of pruning in dense plantations; agronomical practice of growing. Much attention is paid to a new assortment of currants and gooseberries developed in the Central-Chernozem, North-West and Central regions and Siberia, from the point of view of profound study of suitability for intensive technologies of cultivation and obtaining maximum economic effect. Cultivation technologies and cultivars suitable for mechanized harvesting are presented. The cultivars are from the countries of Eastern and Western Europe (Poland, Germany, England, France, Belgium and the Netherlands) as well as from the USA and Canada. The value and types of pruning (economic, rejuvenating and detailed pruning) in the dense plantations of gooseberries and currants as well as reports of leading research institutes in this trend are shown. The impact of cultivation technology (types of pruning) on the photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content in the leaves of black currant is described. A particular attention is paid to the work of VNIISPK breeders in the question of the value of a cultivar in the agronomical practice of berry crops. In black currants the varietal differences influence much on the value of crop losses. The cultivars that have simultaneous ripening of berries in the bunch are preferable for mechanized harvesting. Azhurnaya, Zusha and Ekzotica from the VNIISPK breeding program belong to such black currant cultivars. Their crop losses at harvest at the optimum time does not exceed 3,4-13,8%.
URBAN TOPIC IN POETICS OF K. D. BALMONT
Authors: Tetik Kevser
Published: October 2018

The article studies the urban topic by the material of K. D. Balmont’s creative work. The problem of an urban text includes such notions as urban locus, urban topic. Recently, “urban” poetry of Balmont has attracted researchers, but this problem is considered mainly in a historical and literary aspect. This article attempts to cover theoretically the issue, and introduces the notion “urban topic” that allows different view on the poetics of Balmont.
Internalization of Local Wisdom Values through Music Art as Stimulation of Strengthening Character Education in Early Childhood Education; A Hermeneutic Analysis and Ethnography Studies
Authors: Desyandri Desyandri
Published: October 2018

This article aims to describe the role of teachersof Early Childhood Education in the process of understanding and internalizing the values of local Minangkabau wisdom contained in the song "Kampuang nan Jauah di Mato" as stimulation in early childhood to strengthen the nation's character education. This article is the result of conceptual analysis and synthesis of various literatures. The research findings that internalization the educational values of Minang song through: (1) appreciating the Minang song; (2) the practiceof imitating the song (3) expressing themselves by singing the song, (4) identifying and knowing the meaning of the important words contained in lyrics, and (5) implementations the meaning of songs through actions and behaviors that reflect Minangkabau characters.
How to improve the convergence on sigmoid Fuzzy Cognitive Maps?
Authors: Nápoles Gonzalo , Bello Rafael , Vanhoof Koen
Published: October 2018

Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCM) may be defined as Recurrent Neural Networks that allow causal reasoning. According to the transformation function used for updating the activation value of concepts they can be characterized as discrete or continuous. It is remarkable that FCM having discrete neurons never exhibit chaotic states, but this premise cannot be guaranteed for FCM having continuous concepts. On the other hand, complex Sigmoid FCM resulting from experts or learning algorithms often show chaotic or cyclic patterns, therefore leading to confusing interpretation of the investigated system. The first contribution of this paper is focused on explaining why most studies on FCM stability are not applicable to FCM used on classification or decision-making tasks. Next we describe a non-direct learning methodology based on Swarm Intelligence for improving the system stability once the causal weight estimation is done. The objective here is to find a specific threshold function for each map neuron simulating an external stimulus, instead of using the same transformation function for all concepts. At the end, we can compute more stable maps, so better consistency in hidden patterns is achieved.
Pembuatan Cockroachtrap dengan Variasi Umpan Sebagai Media Pengundang Kecoa
Authors: Meswara Firman Aly , Fadilah Nurul , Abdurrahman Wildan , Tamrin Nabila , Abd Adzan N.M.T.
Published: October 2018

Kecoa merupakan salah satu hama pemukiman yang menjadi vektor dari berbagai penyakit, tersebar luas di seluruh dunia dan berasosiasi dengan habitat manusia. Pengendalian kecoa dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, seperti secara sanitasi, biologis, mekanis, atau kimiawi. solusi mengendalikan kecoa adalah menggunakan metode trapping dengan menggunakan variasi umpan yang disukai kecoa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui cara membuat alat perangkap kecoa, mengetahui kemampuan gula+ragi, susu indomilk, selai, keju, daging sapi, kuning telur sebagai media perangkap kecoa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan rancangan post test only groub design. Hasil pembuatan perangkap dapat dibuat dengan menggunakan bahan toples, pipa 2 inchi, lem. Sedangkan perangkap dengan media daging mampu mengundang kecoa dengan nilai rerata 1, media selai dengan nilai rerata 8, media susu dengan nilai rerata 3, media gula+ragi dengan nilai rerata 1, media telur dengan nilai rerata 2, media keju dengan nilai rerata 3. Pada penelitian ini jumlah media yang paling banyak mengundang kecoa yaitu media selai yaitu kecoa dengan nilai rerata 8, sedangkan media yang paling sedikit yaitu pada media daging sapi dan media gula+ragi dengan nilai rerata 1. Berdasarkan aktifitas makannya, aktifitas makan kecoa lebih beraktifitas dan mencari makan pada malam hari.
Efektivitas Bio-Slurry dan Mol Tapai Ubi Sebagai Bumbu Kompos terhadap Waktu Pembentukan dan Jumlah Kompos yang Dihasilkan
Authors: Djawa Rahayu , Ahmad Novianti , Ibrahim Rahmaniar , Rum Sarjan , Hamid Febridhani
Published: October 2018

Pengelolaan sampah dimaksudkan adalah kegiatan yang sistematis, menyeluruh, dan berkesinambungan yang meliputi pengurangan dan penanganan sampah dengan memanfaatkan sampah organik rumah tangga sebagai bahan baku pembuatan kompos yang hasilnya dapat digunakan sebagai pupuk organik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Experimental, dengan desain penelitian yaitu post test with control group desain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lama waktu pengomposan dan jumlah kompos yang dihasilkan. Rancangan penelitian ini untuk melihat efektivitas bumbu kompos bio-slurry dan mol tapai ubi. Jumlah kompos yang dihasilkan untuk kedua bumbu kompos berbeda. Jumlah kompos yang dihasilkan oleh bumbu kompos mol tape ubi adalah sesudah pengayakan sebanyak 31,5 kg dan bumbu kompos bio-slurry jumlah kompos yang dihasilkan sebanyak 30,4 kg. Pengomposan yang paling efektif antara ke dua bumbu kompos untuk jumlah kompos yang dihasilkan dan lama waktu yang dibutuhkan yaitu mol tape ubi.
Creatinine clearance levels are associated with the incidence of preeclampsia
Authors: Sanusi Jesslyn M , Tendean Hermie M. M. , Kaeng Juneke J.
Published: October 2018

Abstract

Objective: Determine thecorrelation between creatinine clearance relationship with preeclampsia incidence.

Method: Cross sectional research.

Result: Creatinine clearance examination conducted on 60 sample of pregnant women > 20 weeks,30 normotensive samples and 30 preeclampsia samples. The obtained data analyzed using SPSS software version 22.0 and discussed using the existing literature theory.

Creatinine clearance average level in normotensive pregnancy 124.650 Â± 14.3699ml/minutes/1,73m2and preeclampsia 74.003 Â± 23.169ml/minutes/1,73m2. After Mann-Whitney statistical test obtained p value = 0,000. From ROC curve analysis for creatinine clearance obtained sensitivityvalue 100% and specificity 99,53%.

Conclusion:There is a significant correlation between the creatinine clearance levels with preeclampsia.

Keywords: creatinine clearance, normotensive, preeclampsia.

 

Abstrak

Tujuan: Menentukan hubungan antara creatinine clearance dengan kejadian preeklamsia.

Metode: Penelitian potong lintang.

Hasil:Dilakukan pemeriksaan creatinine clearance pada 60 sampel ibuhamil > 20 minggu, 30 sampel darah normal dan 30 sampel preeklamsia. Data yang diperoleh dianalisa dengan menggunakan software SPSS versi 22.0 dan dibahas dengan menggunakan  teori literatur yang ada.

Kadar rerata creatinine clearance pada kehamilan normotensi 124,650 Â± 14,3699 ml / menit / 1,73m2 dan preeklampsia 74,003 Â± 23,169 ml / menit / 1,73m2. Setelah uji statistik Mann-Whitney diperoleh nilai p = 0,000. Dari analisis kurva ROC untuk creatinine clearance diperoleh nilai sensitivitas 100% dan spesifisitas 99,53%.

Kesimpulan: Ada hubungan yang signifikan  antara creatinine clearance dengan kejadian preeklamsia.

Kata kunci: creatinine clearance, normotensi, preeklampsia.
Effect of Pyridoxine on Prostaglandin Plasma Level for Primary Dysmenorrheal Treatment
Authors: Randabunga Ervan J , Lukas Efendi , Tumedia Josephine L , T. Chalid St. Maisuri
Published: October 2018

Objective : To determine the effect of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) the levels of prostaglandins and intensity of pain in primary dysmenorrheal.

Methods : The levels of prostaglandin (PGF2Î±) in plasma measured by ELISA and pain intensity by verbal rating scales conducted on 35 women with primary dysmenorrheal (n=35) supplemented with vitamin B6 100mg for 4 days and controls with placebo (n=35).

Results : Prostaglandin levels decreased significantly after vitamin B6 supplementation (2212.9+1374.2 vs 1490.3+1119.0; p<0.05) followed by a significant reduction in pain intensity (4.29+0.7 vs 1.71+0.5; p<0.05) in the test group compared to control.

Conclusion : Due to vitamin B6 effects on decreasing prostaglandin levels and pain of primary dysmenorrheal, so that B6 vitamin can become the treatment for the primary dysmenorrheal.

Keywords : Primary dysmenorrheal, pyridoxine, prostaglandin

 

Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian vitamin B6 (piridoksin) terhadap kadar prostaglandin dan intensitas nyeri pada dismenore primer.

Metode: Pemeriksaan kadar prostaglandin (PGF2Î±) dengan ELISA dan pengukuran intensitas nyeri dengan verbal rating scales dilakukan pada 35 orang (n=35) wanita dengan dismenore primer yang mendapatkan vitamin B6 100mg selama 4 hari dan kontrol yang mendapatkan plasebo (n=35).

Hasil: Kadar prostaglandin menurun bermakna setelah pemberian vitamin B6 (2212,9+1374,2 vs 1490,3+1119,0; p<0,05) disertai dengan penurunan intensitas nyeri yang bermakna (4,29+0,7 vs 1,71+0,5; p<0,05) pada kelompok uji dibandingkan kontrol.

Kesimpulan: Vitamin B6 menurunkan kadar prostaglandin dan nyeri sehingga vitamin B6 dapat dipertimbangkan menjadi salah satu pengobatan dismenore primer.

Kata kunci : Dismenore primer, piridoksin, prostaglandin
How to Recognize, Prevent and Address Complications of Laparoscopic Gynecologic Surgery
Authors: Pramayadi Cepi T , Fani Erliana
Published: October 2018

AbstractObjective: to highlight the needs of awareness on recognizing, prevent and address complications in laparoscopic gynecologic surgery.Method: Literature reviewDiscussion: The complications of laparoscopic gynecologic surgery mainly can be classified as complications related to anesthesia, entry technique, electrosurgical, postoperative and visceral due to surgical procedure itself. Lam proposed a 6 phase-based classification of laparoscopic surgery complications; patient identification, anesthesia and positioning, abdominal entry and port placement, surgery, postoperative recovery and counselling. The aim of this classification is to promote a culture risk management to improve patient safety and outcome. Each and every phase above should be able to assessed, analyzed and executed properly to prevent complications.

Conclusion: Complication in operative laparoscopy is generally minor and can be handled successfully. However, although very rare, major complications are detrimental to the patient. It also becomes heavy burden for the surgeons. Preventive measures should be implemented not only by the operator but also the anesthesiologist, and theatre practitioners. Systematic drills, which regularly re rehearsed is important in order to maintain team proficiencies.

Keywords: complications, gynecologic laparoscopy, operative Laparoscopy

 

Abstrak

Tujuan: Untuk menekankan pentingnya mengenali, mencegah dan mengatasi secara dini komplikasi operasi laparoskopi ginekologi.

Metode: Kajian pustaka

Diskusi : Komplikasi operasi ginekologi laparoskopi dapat diklasifikasikan menjadi komplikasi yang berhubungan dengan anestesi, teknik masuknya trokar utama, terkait elektro surgikal, komplikasi pascaoperasi dan komplikasi visera (pembuluh darah, usus, cedera traktus urinarius) terkait tindakan operasi itu sendiri. Lam mengusulkan suatu klasifikasi berbasis fase, antara lain, identifikasi pasien, anestesi dan posisi pasien, akses masuk abdomen dan penempatan trokar, terkait operasi, pemulihan pascaoperasi dan konseling. Tujuan dari klasifikasi ini adalah untuk meningkatkan budaya sadar risiko,guna meningkatkan keselamatan pasien. Setiap tahap harus dapat dilaksanakan, dinilai dan dianalisis dengan baik untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi.

Kesimpulan: Komplikasi pada operasi ginekologi laparoskopi umumnya ringan dan dapat ditangani dengan baik. Walaupun jarang terjadi, komplikasi berat umumnya sangat merugikan pasien dan menjadi beban operator. Langkah-langkah pencegahan ini harus dilaksanakan oleh operator, tim anestesi serta seluruh tim kamar operasi. Simulasi  harus dilaksanakan, guna mempertahankan kecakapan tim

Kata kunci : komplikasi, laparoskopi ginekologi, laparoskopi operatif
A Faster Algorithm for Reducing the Computational Complexity of Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Zhao Yulin , Wang Donghui , Wang Leiou , Liu Peng
Published: October 2018

Convolutional neural networks have achieved remarkable improvements in image and video recognition but incur a heavy computational burden. To reduce the computational complexity of a convolutional neural network, this paper proposes an algorithm based on the Winograd minimal filtering algorithm and Strassen algorithm. Theoretical assessments of the proposed algorithm show that it can dramatically reduce computational complexity. Furthermore, the Visual Geometry Group (VGG) network is employed to evaluate the algorithm in practice. The results show that the proposed algorithm can provide the optimal performance by combining the savings of these two algorithms. It saves 75% of the runtime compared with the conventional algorithm.
Modeling and Evaluation of Power-Aware Software Rejuvenation in Cloud Systems
Authors: Fakhrolmobasheri Sharifeh , Ataie Ehsan , Movaghar Ali
Published: October 2018

Long and continuous running of software can cause software aging-induced errors and failures. Cloud data centers suffer from these kinds of failures when Virtual Machine Monitors (VMMs), which control the execution of Virtual Machines (VMs), age. Software rejuvenation is a proactive fault management technique that can prevent the occurrence of future failures by terminating VMMs, cleaning up their internal states, and restarting them. However, the appropriate time and type of VMM rejuvenation can affect performance, availability, and power consumption of a system. In this paper, an analytical model is proposed based on Stochastic Activity Networks for performance evaluation of Infrastructure-as-a-Service cloud systems. Using the proposed model, a two-threshold power-aware software rejuvenation scheme is presented. Many details of real cloud systems, such as VM multiplexing, migration of VMs between VMMs, VM heterogeneity, failure of VMMs, failure of VM migration, and different probabilities for arrival of different VM request types are investigated using the proposed model. The performance of the proposed rejuvenation scheme is compared with two baselines based on diverse performance, availability, and power consumption measures defined on the system.
Issues, Challenges, and Research Opportunities in Intelligent Transport System for Security and Privacy
Authors: Ali Qazi Ejaz , Ahmad Naveed , Malik Abdul Haseeb , Ali Gauhar , Rehman Waheed ur
Published: October 2018

Intelligent transport system (ITS), owing to their potential to enhance road safety and improve traffic management, have attracted attention from automotive industries and academia in recent years. The underlying technology—i.e., vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs)—provide a means for vehicles to intelligently exchange messages regarding road and traffic conditions to enhance safety. The open nature of ITS as wireless communication technology leads to many security and privacy challenges. These challenges pertain to confidentiality, authentication, integrity, non-repudiation, location privacy, identity privacy, anonymity, certificate revocation, and certificate resolution. This article aims to propose a novel taxonomy of security and privacy issues and solutions in ITS. Furthermore, categorization of security and privacy schemes in ITS and their limitations are discussed with various parameters—scalability, privacy, computational cost, communication overhead, latency—and various types of security attacks has been analyzed. This article leverages new researchers for challenges and opportunities related to security and privacy in ITS.
The Evolutionary Game Theoretic Analysis for Emission Reduction and Promotion in Low-Carbon Supply Chains
Authors: Yuan Baiyun , He Longfei , Gu Bingmei , Zhang Yi
Published: October 2018

Aiming at exploring the interplay principles of operations strategies among members of dvertising and emission reduction cost sharing contracts and coordination in low-carbon sulow-carbon supply chain, as well as their impact on system performance, we develop an evolutionary game model to capture emission reduction and low-carbon promotion actions, which are typically conducted by one manufacturer and one retailer in every two-echelon supply chain, respectively. We exploit the evolutionary game model to analyze players’ behavioral patterns of their interacting strategies, whereby we attain the evolutionary stable strategies and their associated existing preconditions under various scenarios. We acquire a number of managerial insights, and particularly find that the evolutionary stable strategies of the channel carbon reduction and promotion are remarkably influenced by incremental profits resulted from causes, such as every player’s unilateral participation in emission reduction. In addition, we investigate a player’s free-rider opportunistic practice in cooperative carbon reduction and joint participation in emission reduction. However, the magnitude of profit increment will heavily influence the result of Evolutionary Stable Strategy (ESS). Finally, the extensive computational studies enable us to verify the effectiveness of preceding models.
Chromosome Level Genome Assembly and Comparative Genomics between Three Falcon Species Reveals an Unusual Pattern of Genome Organisation
Authors: Joseph Sunitha , O’Connor Rebecca , Al Mutery Abdullah , Watson Mick , Larkin Denis , Griffin Darren
Published: October 2018

Whole genome assemblies are crucial for understanding a wide range of aspects of falcon biology, including morphology, ecology, and physiology, and are thus essential for their care and conservation. A key aspect of the genome of any species is its karyotype, which can then be linked to the whole genome sequence to generate a so-called chromosome-level assembly. Chromosome-level assemblies are essential for marker assisted selection and genotype-phenotype correlations in breeding regimes, as well as determining patterns of gross genomic evolution. To date, only two falcon species have been sequenced and neither initially were assembled to the chromosome level. Falcons have atypical avian karyotypes with fewer chromosomes than other birds, presumably brought about by wholesale fusion. To date, however, published chromosome preparations are of poor quality, few chromosomes have been distinguished and standard ideograms have not been made. The purposes of this study were to generate analyzable karyotypes and ideograms of peregrine, saker, and gyr falcons, report on our recent generation of chromosome level sequence assemblies of peregrine and saker falcons, and for the first time, sequence the gyr falcon genome. Finally, we aimed to generate comparative genomic data between all three species and the reference chicken genome. Results revealed a diploid number of 2n = 50 for peregrine falcon and 2n = 52 for saker and gyr through high quality banded chromosomes. Standard ideograms that are generated here helped to map predicted chromosomal fragments (PCFs) from the genome sequences directly to chromosomes and thus generate chromosome level sequence assemblies for peregrine and saker falcons. Whole genome sequencing was successful in gyr falcon, but read depth and coverage was not sufficient to generate a chromosome level assembly. Nonetheless, comparative genomics revealed no differences in genome organization between gyr and saker falcons. When compared to peregrine falcon, saker/gyr differed by one interchromosomal and seven intrachromosomal rearrangements (a fusion plus seven inversions), whereas peregrine and saker/gyr differ from the reference chicken genome by 14/13 fusions (11 microchromosomal) and six fissions. The chromosomal differences between the species could potentially provide the basis of a screening test for hybrid animals.