bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ecclesial Visibility as a Byproduct of Discipleship: Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s Understanding of the Visible Church and Its Ecumenical Implications
Authors: Jodon Cole Christian
Published: December 2019

This article provides an account of Bonhoeffer’s understanding of church visibility, and considers the implications that account has for the contemporary Catholic-Lutheran dialogue. By tracing the roles of divine and human agency within Bonhoeffer’s understanding of church visibility, the article argues that Bonhoeffer understands church visibility as a byproduct of discipleship. Applied to the Catholic-Lutheran dialogue, such an account implies that church visibility ought not be a goal of the dialogue, but rather an inevitable byproduct of discipleship to Christ which takes place as Christians follow after Christ together.
Totus Christus and Praying the Psalms
Authors: Allen Michael
Published: December 2019

I will explore the hermeneutical implications of the totus Christus for our reading and praying of the Psalms. I will argue that the necessarily two-fold character of inhabiting the voice of the Psalmist demands the concept of the totus Christus. To consider the topic in this vein, then, hopefully shows that the concept of the totus serves as a crucial prompt for prayer, exegesis, and a doctrine of Christ and, perhaps especially of note, that the concept can help alert us to potential dangers or fore-shortenings that can shape praying the Psalms in a less than robust manner.
Affirming Moser’s Well-Qualified Totus Christus
Authors: Horton Michael
Published: December 2019

David Moser argues that the “ Totus Christus” motif is not only exegetically and theologically well-founded but important. This motif, associated especially with Augustine, has had a robust reception history to the present, but not primarily in Protestant, particularly evangelical, theologies. The concern expressed in my riposte is not with Moser’s definition and defense of “ Totus Christus,” which I find persuasive. Rather, I take exception to his description of my position in this paper, since I have defended “ Totus Christus” with precisely the provisos that he recommends. Overall, however, I hope that David Moser’s articulation of the motif receives a wide readership.
Prediction of blast-induced ground vibration using empirical models and artificial neural network (Bakhtiari Dam access tunnel, as a case study)
Authors: Rajabi Ali M , Vafaee Alireza
Published: December 2019

Blasting operation is among the most common methods of rock excavation in the civil engineering and mining operations. Ground vibration is the most unfavorable effect of blasting operation such that failure to accurately control this problem causes damage to adjacent structures. In this regard, geotechnical engineers face the challenge of accurately predicting blast-induced ground vibrations. Geographical location of Bakhtiari Dam (located in the southwest of Iran) is needed to construct an access road to its nearest city through the rough topography. To establish the access road in the plan, blasting operation methods have been used. In this study, blast-induced ground vibrations in the study area are evaluated using five common functional forms of the empirical model and their corrected regression coefficient for the area. Then, the ground vibrations generated in the study area were predicted by designing an artificial neural network model. For this purpose, the maximum charge per delay, the distance between the blast point and monitoring stations, and the ground vibration values were surveyed for 80 blast events, and their necessary parameters were determined. A total of 64 datasets were used to obtain the coefficients of the empirical models and to create the artificial neural network model. In addition, 16 datasets were used to estimate the performance and accuracy of each model. To measure the accuracy of the constructed models, some statistical parameters were also used. The results show that in the study area, the artificial neural network model presents the most accurate and appropriate model for predicting blast-induced ground vibrations. The neural network proposed in this research is suggested for areas with geological features resembling those of the present study.
Reshaping of the probability density function of nonlinear stochastic systems against abrupt changes
Authors: Xia Lei , Huan Ronghua , Zhu Weiqiu , Zhu Chenxuan
Published: December 2019

The operation of dynamic systems is often accompanied by abrupt and random changes in their configurations, which will dramatically change the stationary probability density function of their response. In this article, an effective procedure is proposed to reshape the stationary probability density function of nonlinear stochastic systems against abrupt changes. Based on the Markov jump theory, such a system is formulated as a continuous system with discrete Markov jump parameters. The limiting averaging principle is then applied to suppress the rapidly varying Markov jump process to generate a probability-weighted system. Then, the approximate expression of the stationary probability density function of the system is obtained, based on which the reshaping control law can be designed, which has two parts: (i) the first part (conservative part) is designed to make the reshaped system and the undisturbed system have the same Hamiltonian; (ii) the second (dissipative part) is designed so that the stationary probability density function of the reshaped system is the same as that of undisturbed system. The proposed law is exactly analytical and no online measurement is required. The application and effectiveness of the proposed procedure are demonstrated by using an example of three degrees-of-freedom nonlinear stochastic system subjected to abrupt changes.
Nonlinear numerical and experimental study on the second-order torsional and lateral vibration of driveline system connected by cardan joint
Authors: Xia Yuanfeng , Pang Jian , Yang Liang , Zhao Qin , Yang Xianwu
Published: December 2019

In this article, a nonlinear dynamic model with five degrees-of-freedom for a four-wheel-drive vehicle driveline connected by a cardan joint, including dynamic intersection angle, nonconstant velocity, and additional moment caused by the cardan joint, is established by using the Lagrange method to analyze the driveline coupling vibration in both torsional and lateral directions. High-order Runge–Kutta algorithm is applied to solve the differential equations and to calculate transient responses of the driveline rotors under acceleration condition. The color maps and second-order vibration of the driveline are acquired by frequency spectrum analysis and order tracking analysis, respectively. The second-order vibration and noise of the driveline and vehicle interior caused by the cardan joint is validated by vehicle experimental results and reduced effectively by decreasing intersection angle of the cardan joint under the operational condition. Moreover, application of a flexible coupling instead of the cardan joint significantly reduces the second-order vibration but simultaneously generates low-level third-order vibration.
Teaching Collegiate Journalists How to Cover Traumatic Events Using Moral Development Theory
Authors: Anderson Stephanie , Bourke Brian
Published: December 2019

The authors make the argument that trauma journalism should be taught as part of the postsecondary curriculum in journalism schools. As part of that education, students will learn that coping with the psychological effects of repeated exposure to such events can have long-term impacts on their mental health. As Kohlberg and Rest found, students in college are at a pivotal point in their moral development. Education takes place as adolescents are developing key psychological skills, including moral and ethical decision-making. Collegiate journalists should be gaining these valuable reasoning skills as it relates to covering traumatic events.
Can the fistula arm be used to lift heavy items? Six-pound dumbbells versus handgrip exercise in a 6-month follow-up secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mo Ya-wen , Song Li , Huang Jing-ya , Sun Chun-yan , Zhou Li-fang , Zheng Shu-qian , Zhuang Ting-ting , Chen Ying-gui , Chen Yuan-han , Liu Shuang-xin , Liang Xin-ling , Fu Xia
Published: December 2019

Introduction:

Patients with arteriovenous fistulas are advised to avoid carrying heavy objects draped over the fistula arm. Awareness gradually leads to overprotection and a reduction in the use of the fistula arm. However, restricting motion in the fistula arm leads to decreased quality of life and diminished muscle strength. The current safety recommendations regarding lifting heavy items with the fistula arm are primarily based on experience. Few studies have provided evidence clarifying the scope of safe activity and the influence of load bearing on the continued patency of arteriovenous fistulas.

Methods:

This prospective observation was based on a long-term follow-up study in which 86 hemodialysis recipients with arteriovenous fistulas were randomized into either a dumbbell group or a handgrip group. The dumbbell group exercised with 6-lb dumbbells, while the handgrip group squeezed rubber balls. Postintervention primary patency and adverse events at the 6-month follow-up were analyzed.

Results:

No significant difference in postintervention primary patency was observed between the dumbbell group and the handgrip group at 6 months (97.4% vs 95.0%). There were two participants with high-flow fistulas in the dumbbell group and three in the handgrip group, with no significant difference between the two groups (5.3% vs 7.5%). In both groups, there were no other adverse events reported regarding cardiac failure, aneurysm, puncture site hematoma, or hemorrhage.

Conclusion:

Hemodialysis patients can safely use their fistula arm to lift objects weighing less than 6 lb, which encourages increased motion and helps preserve the functionality of the fistula arm.
A Paradigm Model of Traditional Iranian Neighborhood (Mahalleh): A Grounded Theory Approach
Authors: Paymanfar Sepideh , Zamani Bahador
Published: December 2019

Contemporary interventions in historical Mahalleh and the design of new settlements in Iran rely on Western micro-urbanism patterns such as urban villages and new urbanism. Although the urban lifestyle in Iran affects the Mahalleh identity, this context-oriented pattern is more appropriate than the Western ones with all weaknesses and critiques; namely, social engineering and physical determinism. This paper aims to present a paradigm model for the Iranian micro-urbanism (Mahalleh), applying grounded theory methodology. The literature of micro-urbanism is discussed first, followed by exploring the categories of Mahalleh and integrating them around the core category in a paradigm model. Influenced by specific conditions: “collectivism” and “ecological balance” as causal conditions; “social identity” as an intervening condition; “physical and functional organization” as contextual conditions, “familiarity” emerges as a core category in the proposed model. Furthermore, residents of the Mahalleh have special interactions contributing to the “social capital,” “changeability,” and “parental effect.” Finally, “Mahalleh as the home of the families” is a consequence of the actions and interactions done under such conditions.
Strengthening capitalism through philanthropy: The Ford Foundation, managerialism and American business schools
Authors: McLaren Patricia Genoe
Published: December 2019

Business schools have played a significant role in creating and sustaining many of today’s grand challenges, including income inequality, the gig economy and climate change. Yet calls for change go unanswered. With a critical perspective on philanthropy, an understanding of power and historical reflexivity, this article helps develop our understanding of why business schools are so deeply rooted in managerialism and so resistant to change. Through archival research, I show how the Ford Foundation used its money and influence in the 1950s to embed a managerialist ideology in American business schools as part of its efforts to sustain and strengthen the capitalist system. Through its outward face of objectivity and neutrality, combined with targeted support of specific schools, individuals and research, the Ford Foundation went beyond shaping the structure and curriculum of business schools to shaping the ideology and identities of management scholars. The more that we, as business academics, understand the full histories of our own institutions and the often hidden or ignored sources of power that played a role in their development, the easier it will be to change business schools in ways that fit our current contexts and support our current and future needs.
Defining emergency telehealth
Authors: Sikka Neal , Gross Hartmut , Joshi Aditi U , Shaheen Edward , Baker Michael J , Ash Adam , Hollander Judd E , Cheung Dickson S , Chiu Alexander R , Wessel Charles B , Robinson Marcus , Lowry Gregory , Guyette Francis Xavier
Published: December 2019

The American College of Emergency Physicians Emergency Telehealth Section was charged with development of a working definition of emergency telehealth that aligns with the College’s definition of emergency medicine. A modified Delphi method was used by the section membership who represented telehealth providers in both private and public health-care delivery systems, academia and industry, rural and urban settings. Presented in this manuscript is the final definition of emergency telehealth developed with an additional six clarifying statements to address the context of the definition. Emergency telehealth is a core domain of emergency medicine and is inclusive of remotely providing all types of care for acute conditions of any kind requiring expeditious care irrespective of any prior relationship. The development of this definition is important to the global community of emergency physicians and all patients seeking acute care to ensure that appropriately trained clinicians are providing the highest quality of emergency services via the telehealth modality. We recommend implementing emergency telehealth in a manner that ensures appropriate qualifications of providers, appropriate/parity reimbursement for telehealth services and, most importantly, the delivery of quality care to patients in a safe, efficient, timely and cost-effective manner.
Youth justice and racialization: Comparative reflections
Authors: Cunneen Chris
Published: December 2019

Drawing on comparative work between Australia and England and Wales, this article considers issues of criminalization, racialization and youth justice. The article explores both the overt and more subtle forms of racializing and criminalizing young people and highlights the necessity for historically and situationally contextualized understandings of identity and race. The rationalities, practices and discourses of youth justice through which racialization occurs are identified, including how race itself becomes solidified as a category in which people, in many cases, from heterogeneous backgrounds, can be captured and named. In particular there is discussion of the rise of apparently neutral and non-discriminatory justifications for intervention found in the use of risk assessment that leads to racialized differentiation. It is argued that these practices both mask race in their practices and mark race in their outcomes.
Surgical Infections and Antibiotic Stewardship: In Need for New Directions
Authors: Andersson R. , Søreide K. , Ansari D.
Published: December 2019

Background and Aims:

Patients undergoing surgery are prone to infections, either at the site of surgery (superficial or organ-space) or at remote sites (e.g. pneumonia or urinary tract). Surgical site infections are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, increased length of hospital stay and represent a huge burden to the health economy across all healthcare systems. Here we discuss recent advances and challenges in the field of surgical site infections.

Material and Methods:

Review of pertinent English language literature.

Results:

Numerous guidelines and recommendations have been published in order to prevent surgical site infections. Compliance with these evidence-based guidelines vary and has not resulted in any major decrease in the surgical site infection rate. To date, most efforts to reduce surgical site infection have focused on the role of the surgeon, but a more comprehensive approach is necessary.

Conclusion:

Surgical site infections need to be addressed in a structured way, including checklists, audits, monitoring, and measurements. All stakeholders, including the medical profession, the society, and the patient, need to work together to reduce surgical site infections. Most surgical site infections are preventable—and we need a paradigm shift to tackle the problem.
Recent developments in French environmental law: Recognition and implementation of ecological damage in French tort law
Authors: Foulon Julie
Published: December 2019

As a consequence of increased pressure on environment in Europe and beyond, the extent and variety of forms of environmental damage has broadened widely over the last decades. One key way to tackle this problem is, evidently, to ensure that damage that arise is properly repaired. Whilst provisions to secure environmental liability have been implemented in the EU context through the Environmental Liability Directive, the effectiveness of this Directive is still limited. In France, in order to surpass current impasses, the 2016 Biodiversity Law was recently enacted (adopted on August 8th, 2016), which creates a specific regime in French civil law for remedying ecological damage (defined as damage caused to nature itself). Three years after the introduction of France’s new approach to ecological damage, the present article reflects on the legal innovations and challenges of the reform, and explains how the new regime proceeds to remedy ecological damage. A key challenge here, as will be discussed, is that nature as such has not been recognised as having legal personality under the French legal system, which has traditionally been a key hurdle for securing compensation for environmental loss in the first place under tort law.
Twenty five years of creating the Mersey Forest
Authors: Nolan Paul
Published: December 2019

This opinion reflects on the achievements of and barriers to implementing the Mersey Forest Plan, over the past 25 years. The implementation of the initiative, which operates in a non-statutory arena, is shaped by different pieces of legislation that concern for example, wildlife, contaminated land, landscape, planning and trees, woods and forestry, to name but a few. This opinion argues that the Mersey Forest has been successful and delivered public good (social, economic and environmental benefits) in a number of different areas. It has had to weather the changes to government policy as well as trying to influence it in order to maintain support; and that the initiative it is as important now as it was 25 years ago. It also stresses that the challenges it faces, for example, the ebb and flow of support (whether financial, legislative change, policy and people), that have assisted with the delivery of the plan are likely to continue post-Brexit. Looking forward, it suggests that it may be helpful if some sociolegal research were undertaken which looked at the various pieces of legislation that shape the Mersey Forest’s delivery landscape to see the extent to which it has helped or hindered the delivery of the concept, and to consider what, if any, pieces of existing or new legislation need to be changed to help deliver the concept more effectively.
Pre-K teachers’ perspectives on factors that influence their experiences through universal Pre-K policy changes in New York City
Authors: Akaba Sanae , Peters Lacey E , Liang Eva , B Graves Sherryl
Published: December 2019

The focus of this study is preschool teachers’ perspectives on their experiences during a Pre-K expansion in New York City. The expansion brought on neoliberal approaches to curriculum, child assessment, quality improvement, and instructional support in classrooms, and these changes in turn heightened expectations for accountability. This has required new sets of skills and resources for early childhood educators to implement the policy as enactors. Using an implementation research framework and a multiple case study approach, this study examined 14 Pre-K teachers’ experiences during a policy enactment process and how the policy affected their practice and beliefs. In doing so, it became evident that teachers’ daily experiences, loaded with the added requirements to execute the recommended practices set by the shifting landscape of early childhood education, lead to confusions and struggles between their beliefs about appropriate practices. Our findings also shed light on the high needs for compliance and the commonly seen disparities in professional learning opportunities and compensation, all of which may significantly affect teachers’ daily lives and consequently, professional identity. Their insights show how they are seeking shared understandings between all stakeholders. This study examines the phenomena seen in classrooms during the Pre-K expansion in New York City and provides implications for policymakers for possible adjustments for the policy and implementation process.
Young children as playwrights and their participation in classroom peer culture of sociodramatic play
Authors: Stagg Peterson Shelley , Jang Soon Young , Tjandra Christina
Published: December 2019

In this study, analysis of video recordings of 5-year-old children’s use of language and nonverbal modes of communication (e.g. gaze, action, gesture, and proximity) is used to examine how children contribute to sociodramatic play narratives and participate in the classroom peer culture. In their dramatic play at a restaurant play center and at a grocery store dramatic play center, eight focus children took up narrative playwright roles, where they contributed to the narrative of the dramatic play, mainly by expressing their own needs and by making connections or providing information to their peers. Children took up intervening playwright roles, in which they changed the direction of the narrative, changed or suggested a change of role, or assigned a new role to an object, most frequently by expressing desires or by providing new information. Dramatic play provided an authentic context for the children to try out various social strategies and to observe how others responded to their efforts, in order to position themselves in desirable ways within the classroom social network. Children took up powerful roles through frequency of participation and through directing others’ actions and maintaining the use of desired objects when continuing the play narrative by taking up narrative playwright roles. In addition, they used humor and made imaginative suggestions for roles and plots when taking up intervening playwright roles where they introduced new characters, roles for objects, and plots. Our research provides examples of peers teaching each other in dramatic play through the responses they give to each other and through modeling social approaches that allow them to fulfill desired social purposes and take up powerful social roles in the peer network.
Institutional Characteristics and Bachelor’s Degree Completion of Pell Grant Recipients
Authors: Wright-Kim Jeremy , Perna Laura W. , Ruiz Roman
Published: December 2019

This study uses data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System and Delta Cost Project to identify institutional predictors of bachelor’s degree completion rates for Pell Grant recipients and nonrecipients at public and private not-for-profit 4-year institutions. Descriptive analyses show that Pell recipients are relatively concentrated in institutions with demographic and structural characteristics associated with lower completion rates, including lower SAT scores, enrollment, and residential intensity. Multivariate analyses show that controlling for demographic and structural characteristics explains the observed negative relationship between an institution’s representation of Pell Grant recipients and its completion rates for Pell recipients. At public 4-year institutions, per full-time equivalent expenditures on instruction and institutional grants are positively related to Pell completion rates, while net price for low-income students is negatively related, after controlling for demographic and structural characteristics.
How to Engage Nursing Students in Health Policy: Results of a Survey Assessing Students’ Competencies, Experiences, Interests, and Values
Authors: Thomas Teresa , Martsolf Grant , Puskar Kathryn
Published: December 2019

Preparing nursing students to engage in health policy is critical to ensuring the nursing workforce can influence the structure and financing of health care. The purpose of this study was to assess nursing students’ perceptions of their competencies, previous experiences, levels of interest, and values concerning health policy. Between September and November 2018, we conducted a cross-sectional online survey study among baccalaureate, masters, and Doctor of Nursing Practice students at a midwestern U.S. nursing school. Students ( N =  89) reported moderate levels of health policy competence while recognizing the value of health policy. Students reported high levels of involvement in some health policy activities (e.g., voting, belonging to student organizations, and following nursing and health care issues) and low levels of other activities (e.g., tracking policies and elections, meeting with officials, and participation and leadership in organizations). These findings provide insight into how nursing educators and administrators can capitalize on students’ experiences and interests to better prepare nurses in health policy.
Comparing Teacher and Student Report of Behavioral Risk in Predicting Elementary Student Math Outcomes
Authors: von der Embse Nathaniel , Jenkins Andrew , West Geoffrey , Eklund Katie , Kilgus Stephen , Morgan Myesha
Published: December 2019

Universal screening is a promising and proactive method to detect emotional and behavioral risk in schools. To date, most of the research on screening has evaluated teacher report formats. Despite the potential benefits, there has been a general lack of research on student self-report particularly in elementary grade levels. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative predictive ability of teacher and student report of risk on later academic outcomes. Results indicated that student self-report of risk significantly contributed to the prediction of academic outcomes even when controlling for demographic variables and in comparison to teacher report. The strength of this relationship increased from first to fifth grade. Implications and future research are discussed.
KCC2 Much Chloride Might Not Be the Only Problem
Authors: Weston Matthew
Published: December 2019

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Mortality in Epilepsy: Referral to a Specialty Center Makes a Difference
Authors: Hogan R. Edward
Published: December 2019

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Toxic Theology as a Contributing Factor in Complicated Mourning
Authors: Daniel Terri
Published: December 2019

As an educator and spiritual caregiver to the bereaved, I offer supportive companionship and spiritual healing tools for the grief journey. In this capacity, I have encountered certain theological mindsets that can disrupt psychological well-being, and in some cases lead to complicated mourning, depression and even illness. This paper explores these “toxic theologies” and their relationship to complicated mourning, while offering alternative perspectives and cosmologies that may be helpful in supporting grievers who face spiritual challenges.
The Hospital is a Paradoxical Place
Authors: Hong Kiersty
Published: December 2019

This reflection piece delineates the paradoxical nature of the hospital as a place where emotional, physical, and spiritual health converge and intersect. It captures three commonly raised themes in spiritual care: (1) meaning and purpose, (2) self-worth and self-love, and (3) belonging and validation; and brings attention to the deeper questions being explored. The author self-discloses the impact of patient encounters as a paradoxical process of becoming and undoing on an existential level.
No Strings Attached: Faith Divested of Reciprocity
Authors: McLean Haydn
Published: December 2019

A mature faith, as exemplified by David, confirmed by Jesus, and explained by Gerkin, is one that is not contingent on a preferred outcome: there is no positive or negative reciprocal altruism with God. God does not reward good behavior nor does God punish poor behavior. A mature faith is not one that expects the present to continue into the future, but one that trusts God’s contingent providence in the future.
Experience of Stress and Burnout among Pastors in China
Authors: Chan Kara , Chen M.
Published: December 2019

A quantitative survey was conducted among a convenience sample of 164 church ministers in China to test a model relating experience of stress, clergy burnout, and clergy health. Results indicated that respondents experience relatively low levels of stress and burnout. The burnout score was 2.73 on a seven-point scale. Stress from family was a significant predictor of overall burnout. The experience of emotional exhaustion was a significant predictor of the occurrence of adverse health symptoms.
Reconciling as a Primary Pastoral Act of Spiritual Care
Authors: Washington Michael K.
Published: December 2019

Hiltner’s shepherding perspective offered a primary reference point for pastoral theologians. This paper examines how the reconciling function of that perspective guides the care proceeding from it for Black persons experiencing medical crises. I analyze connections in the work of Archie Smith with Black persons involved in the healthcare system to show how Black persons draw upon spiritual resources and other resources implicit to the Black community itself in order to reconcile lived experiences with sickness.
A dynamic weighted algorithm for multiple radar fusion in an active protection system
Authors: Wang Jinli , Song Haiping , Chen Riming , Zhang Yaning
Published: December 2019

The threat detection system based on short-range radars is an essential part of the active protection system (APS) of armored vehicles. The multi-radar data fusion problem is one of the crucial issues in the APS. Firstly, a general algorithm for multi-radar coordinates transformation is given. Then, based on the weighted fusion model and the trajectory characteristics of targets in the APS, a real-time dynamic weighting factor derivation algorithm is proposed. The algorithm is simulated in a dual-radar threat tracking and ballistic prediction scenario. The results prove the correctness and effectiveness of the algorithm.
Abnormal Frequency Mismatch Negativity in Early Psychosis Outpatient Subjects
Authors: del Re Elisabetta C. , Maekawa Toshihiko , Mesholam-Gately Raquelle I. , Wojcik Joanne , Seidman Larry J. , McCarley Robert W. , Niznikiewicz Margaret A.
Published: December 2019

Background. Abnormalities of mismatch negativity (MMN), an event-related potential, indexing preattentive mechanisms, are consistently reported in schizophrenia (SZ). MMN abnormalities elicited to different deviant types have been recently shown to distinguish among patients according to length of their illness as well as inpatient versus outpatient status, and to be modulated by premorbid IQ. The objective of this study was to evaluate the MMN elicited by both frequency and duration deviant stimuli in patients with early schizophrenia (EP) recruited from an outpatient clinic in Boston, Massachusetts. Methods. Twenty-two healthy controls (HC) and 22 age-, handedness-, and gender-matched EP were tested using a frequency and duration MMN paradigm. Clinical data were also collected. Results. Frequency MMN amplitude but not duration MMN was significantly reduced in EP relative to HC subjects ( P = .015). Conclusions. These results indicate that in this sample of early psychosis outpatient group, reductions in frequency MMN but not in duration MMN index clinical status. The relationship between age at first hospitalization and MMN frequency and duration amplitude and latency indicates that neurodevelopmental stage, auditory function, and clinical status are tightly linked.
Proteomic Profiling for Serum Biomarkers in Mice Exposed to Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Huang Jinfeng , Wang Qi , Hu Yingchun , Qi Zhenhua , Lin Zhongwu , Ying Wantao , Zhou Meijuan
Published: December 2019

In response to large-scale radiological incidents, rapid, accurate, and early triage biodosimeters are urgently required. In this study, we investigated candidate radiation-responsive biomarkers using proteomics approaches in mouse models. A total of 452 dysregulated proteins were identified in the serum samples of mice exposed to 0, 2, 5.5, 7, and 8 Gy at 6, 24, and 72 hours postirradiation. Ninety-eight proteins, including 46 at 6 hours, 36 at 24 hours, and 36 at 72 hours, were identified as radiation-responsive proteins (RRPs). Gene Ontology analysis showed the RRPs were involved in proteolysis, extracellular space, hydrolase activity, and carbohydrate binding. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome enrichment showed the RRPs were regulated in “the pentose phosphate pathway,” “the proteasome,” and “AGE-RAGE signaling in diabetic complications.” There were 3 proteins changed and overlapped at all the 3 time points, 8 proteins changed at 6 and 24 hours, 4 proteins changed at 24 and 72hours, and 2 proteins changed at both 6 and 72 hours. Of these proteins, ORM2, HP, SAA1, SAA2, MBL2, COL1A1, and APCS were identified as candidate biomarkers for biodosimeter-based diagnosis through Pearson correlation analysis.
Flash Glucose Monitoring Technology Impact on Diabetes Self-Care Behavior
Authors: White Nicole D. , Knezevich Emily
Published: December 2019

Individuals with diabetes play a significant role in the control of their condition by participating in their own care. Self-monitoring of blood glucose is of particular importance in maintaining adequate glycemic control but when obtained using traditional fingerstick methods, is often limited with by cost, fear of needles or pain and inconvenience. Flash glucose monitoring is an innovative technology available to address these barriers and help people with diabetes better manage their blood glucose levels. Data demonstrating increased frequency in glucose monitoring, patient perspectives related to self-care behaviors, and implications for practice and future research are described.
Why doesn’t emotional valence affect subitising and counting in simple enumeration?
Authors: Infante Elizabeth , Trick Lana M
Published: December 2019

Accurate visual-spatial enumeration involves either the subitising process (for 1–4 items) or the counting process (for larger numbers of items). Although these processes differ, both are thought to involve attentional selection. Many studies show that emotional valence, the negativity or positivity of a stimulus, influences attention and yet Watson and Blagrove found valence had no effect on simple enumeration (enumeration without distractors). To shed light on this surprising finding, we had participants enumerate 1 to 9 dots after viewing emotional scenes, using images from the International Affective Picture System ( IAPS) to manipulate valence and arousal. To ensure valence and arousal categorisations were valid for each participant, we individualised them based on their own ratings. Results indicated that both valence and arousal affected enumeration latencies, with enumeration fastest after positive high arousal images and slowest after negative low arousal images. Disengagement deficits were apparent from slowed enumeration after negative images, but there was no evidence that valence affected the breadth of the attentional focus (no interactions with display area). Despite hints that valence may affect subitising and counting differently (weak trends to a cross-over interaction in RT slopes), no firm conclusions can be made because differences were small (<20 ms/item).
Supplanting the spectacle of sacrifice: Drone warfare and the anti-spectacle of the safe military body
Authors: Fairhead Edward
Published: December 2019

During the late modern era, Western states have consistently adorned the soldier’s death in war as a sacrifice made for the preservation of the body politic. Against this heritage of the spectacle of sacrifice, this article argues that the representation of the drone pilot configures what the author calls an anti-spectacle of the safe military body. He traces the nexus between the body politic and its corporeal military representative, and coaxes out the particular role of the soldier within this social body: a figure whose death is embellished as a sacrifice made for the enrichment and preservation of the state. While the soldier’s death is still coherent with the idea of sacrifice, the soldier’s body begins to symbolize a fragment of the body politic to be protected and returned home during the Vietnam War and Bush’s war on terror. The problematics of visualizing the body and the spectacle of the missing therefore trouble the efficacy of the spectacle of sacrifice. Media accounts tend to foreground the drone pilots’ protected existence given their fascination with their work and work–life balance. This display invariably forecloses the spectacle of sacrifice and corresponding problematics cultivated by the dead or missing body of the soldier. Instead, the author suggests that the visuality of the pilot and the narrative in which these images are woven construct the impression that lethal state action is effectively managed and under control while the repetition of quotidian storylines renders this site of modern warfare mundane. The article argues that this is an anti-spectacular display of the drone pilot that facilitates apathy and a politically expedient absence of friction between lethal state action and the spectating public.
NF-κB activation triggers NK-cell stimulation by monocyte-derived dendritic cells
Authors: Bosch Naomi C. , Voll Reinhard E. , Voskens Caroline J. , Gross Stefanie , Seliger Barbara , Schuler Gerold , Schaft Niels , Dörrie Jan
Published: December 2019

Background:

In therapeutic cancer vaccination, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) efficiently activate specific T-cell responses; however, optimizing the activation of innate immune cells could support and improve the antitumor effects. A major disadvantage of moDCs matured with the standard cytokine cocktail (consisting of IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and PGE2) is their inability to secrete IL-12p70. IL-12 prominently activates natural killer (NK) cells, which are crucial in innate antitumor immunity, as they act as helper cells for the induction of a cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response and are also able to directly kill the tumor.

Methods:

Previously we have shown that triggering the NF-κB pathway in moDCs by transfection of mRNA encoding constitutively active IKKβ (caIKKβ) led to IL-12p70 secretion and improved the dendritic cells’ capability to activate and expand CTLs with a memory-like phenotype. In this study, we examined whether such dendritic cells could activate autologous NK cells.

Results:

moDCs matured with the standard cytokine cocktail followed by transfection with the caIKKβ-RNA were able to activate autologous NK cells, detected by the upregulation of CD54, CD69, and CD25 on the NK cells, their ability to secrete IFNγ, and their high lytic activity. Moreover, the ability of NK-cell activation was not diminished by simultaneous T-cell activation.

Conclusion:

The capacity of caIKKβ-DCs to activate both the adaptive and innate immune response indicates an enhanced potential for clinical efficacy.
Retranslating Genesis 1–2: Reconnecting Biblical Thought and Contemporary Experience
Authors: Hiebert Theodore
Published: December 2019

Some traditional translations of Genesis represent the text in ways that are excessively anthropocentric, masking the awareness of the nonhuman other in the text, silencing the nonhuman voice, and wrongly subordinating the nonhuman to the human. Selected translations in Genesis 1–2 from the Common English Bible illustrate a more integrative understanding of the human and nonhuman, recognize the presence of nonhuman agency, and capture a more accurate representation of the human place in the world as Genesis’s authors conceived it (Gen 1.9-12; 1.26-28; 2.7). A tradition of translation has inscribed the dualistic, anthropocentric, and hierarchical cast of Western philosophy and theology into the biblical text. Careful attention to the world of the text, and translations that reflect that world authentically, can open up new (“old”) readings that are more ecologically sound and sensitive.
Woe, Horror, Disaster, or Lament? Revisiting Translations of ouai in Revelation 8.13
Authors: Rossing Barbara R.
Published: December 2019

The difficulty of translating the Greek word ouai in three numbered “woes” of Revelation and in the exclamations of Babylon’s merchants and rulers poses a challenge for ecological hermeneutics. The most common English translation, “woe,” can imply God’s curse against the earth. “Alas” is the translation used in RSV and NRSV for the threefold laments in Rev 18, but not for the earlier references to ouai in regard to Earth or the inhabitants of Earth. The Common English Bible translates “Horror, horror, oh!” (Rev 8.13). The New Jerusalem Bible uses “disaster” in Rev 8.13 and 12.12, but “mourn, mourn” in ch. 18. Micah Kiel notes a thirteenth-century Latin manuscript, the Trinity Apocalypse, that portrays the eagle’s announcement in 8.13 as “Alas, alas, alas.” I will argue that it is important to find a consistent translation such as “alas” for all references to ouai that can convey God’s lament over the earth as well as God’s horror at ecological catastrophe.
Improving care coordination in community physical rehabilitation: A qualitative study of the change framework
Authors: Symons Jane L , Jamison Julie , Dening Jane , Murray Linda , Pearson Sue
Published: December 2019

Introduction

Contemporary rehabilitation change relies on effective collaboration and ongoing social interactions among stakeholders. The study objective was to explore the influence of the selected change framework and underlying social interactions during a care coordination improvement project.

Methods

A qualitative study collected data from 35 employees in a community physical rehabilitation service. Participants were not only undergoing change to improve client care coordination but were also facilitating the change processes themselves. Symbolic interactionism guided the research design, and data were collected using interviews and observation. Blumer’s six root beliefs were used for deductive data analysis and provided the framework for the findings.

Results

Findings highlight that the perceptions of the selected change framework were mixed yet dynamic, with modification occurring via social interaction. Elements of Kotter’s eight steps, lean thinking, and transformational change models were trialed. Implementation of the change processes required formal and informal group social interactions. Participants’ different outlooks explained their mixed response to the change processes. Participants who supported the implemented changes believed the processes and outcomes were clear, appropriate, and inclusive. Time, energy, and positive social interactions enabled employees to drive change, with more of these resources desired to refine the vision, problem-solve implementation, and further improve care coordination.

Discussion

This study enhances the understanding of how employees and the community physical rehabilitation service shaped each other during the change processes. The focus on social interactions highlights the slow rate of improved care coordination and need for increased resources and/or duration for successful change.
Pregnancy and multiple sclerosis: Risk of unplanned pregnancy and drug exposure in utero
Authors: Smith Andrew L , Cohen Jeffrey A , Ontaneda Daniel , Rensel Mary
Published: December 2019

Background

Multiple sclerosis is a central nervous system demyelinating disease that affects women of reproductive potential. It is important to identify the frequency and risk factors of unplanned or disease-modifying therapy-exposed pregnancies to create interventions to reduce these.

Methods

This retrospective, single-center, observational chart review study aims to identify risk factors for unplanned pregnancy to identify a target population for family counseling.

Results

In total, 63 live births in 45 patients (20 unplanned and 43 planned) were analyzed. The percentage of unplanned pregnancy was 32%. The proportion of those receiving family planning counseling was lower in the patients with unplanned pregnancies ( p < 0.001). The main risk factors for unplanned pregnancy were younger age ( p = 0.004), disease-modifying therapy exposure ( p < 0.001), and being unmarried ( p < 0.001). Overall, 16 pregnancies had disease-modifying therapy exposure and in a subsequent study the risk for disease-modifying therapy exposure was unplanned status ( p < 0.001). Birth outcomes were not different between groups. There were more enhancing lesions in the post-partum magnetic resonance imaging of women with planned pregnancy ( p < 0.04).

Conclusion

Prevention of unplanned pregnancy could lead to less disease-modifying therapy exposed pregnancies. This study suggests a targeted intervention of family planning counseling in younger, unmarried multiple sclerosis patients could potentially lead to less unintended in utero disease-modifying therapy exposure.
Teaching Patterns of Critical Thinking: The 3CA Model—Concept Maps, Critical Thinking, Collaboration, and Assessment
Authors: Zandvakili Elham , Washington Ernest , Gordon Edmund W. , Wells Craig , Mangaliso Mzamo
Published: December 2019

This is a research report of teaching patterns of critical thinking using the competency-based 3CA (an acronym for the educational practices of Concept maps, Critical thinking, Collaboration, and Assessment) model of classroom instruction to change the grammar of schooling. Critical thinking is defined as the “WH questions”: “what, when, where, how, who, and why” taken from Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics. These questions are threaded through the practices of concept maps, collaboration, and assessment. This conceptualization of patterns of thinking is influenced by Ludwig Wittgenstein’s conceptualization of the relations between the language games of practice and language games in the mind. This study compares individual and collaborative approaches to teaching the critical thinking “WH questions” in a child development class. Students in the individual groups used more “what questions,” whereas students in the collaborative group used more “why and how questions.”
Determinants of the Continued Intention of College Students in China to Use DiDi Mobile Car-Sharing Services
Authors: Mensah Isaac Kofi , Tianyu Zhao , Zeng Guohua , Chuanyong Luo
Published: December 2019

This research paper examined the continued intention of college students to use DiDi mobile car-sharing services in China. The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) was used as the theoretical framework while the data analysis was completed with SPSS. The results have demonstrated that performance expectancy, reliability, efficiency, and security and privacy were significant predictors of the continued intention to use mobile car-sharing services. Contrary to our expectations, effort expectancy was not a significant determinant of the continued intention to use mobile car-sharing services. In addition to these direct effects, the moderating impact of trust in the internet was also examined. The moderating analysis showed that trust in the internet showed no significant moderating impact on the relationship between performance expectancy, effort expectancy, reliability, efficiency, and security and privacy and the continued intention to use mobile car-sharing services. The implications of these findings are discussed.