bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A DESMUNDANIZAÇÃO COMO PROJETO TOTALITÁRIO DE SOLIDÃO ORGANIZADA
Authors: Jardim Giovane Rodrigues , Ovenhausen Albernaz Renata
Published: August 2024

A investigação de Hannah Arendt (1906-1975) sobre as origens do Totalitarismo permanece atual, sobretudo para digressões sobre os recentes acontecimentos políticos no continente americano. Sua análise dos movimentos e dos Regimes Totalitários, do Nazismo e do Stalinismo, aponta para a compreensão dos campos de concentração como experiências de “domínio total” do humano, enquanto condição cientificamente controlada que tentou tornar possível a eliminação da espontaneidade, mas também, enquanto modelo social perfeito para o domínio em geral. Sua elaboração possibilita refletir sobre a permanência e o reaparecimento do totalitarismo enquanto resposta ilegítima a problemas de nossa época, da sua ideologia e assunção ao governo por meio da propaganda e do terror na manutenção do isolamento dos indivíduos e na organização de sua solidão. A ideologia, a mentira na política, as notícias falsas, que caracterizam hodiernos “tempos sombrios”, contextualizam a atualidade da reflexão de Arendt, com as devidas ressalvas históricas. Este estudo propõe uma digressão para pensar a Sociedade Brasileira e o ofuscamento do seu âmbito público a partir da perspectiva da liberdade, refletindo assim sobre a desmundanização e sobre a solidão organizada como novos desafios aos leitores de Arendt frente aos novos espaços-entre de separação e de relacionamento dos seres humanos no mundo, também de tecnologias inovadoras e de automação.
HUME, UMA ÉTICA DAS PAIXÕES E DOS SENTIMENTOS MORAIS; ARENDT, A MORALIDADE MODERNA E A REDUÇÃO DAS CERTEZAS.
Authors: Prochnov Nunes Adaltro , Conte Jaimir
Published: August 2024

Nesse artigo apresentamos a crítica de Hume ao contratualismo. Discutimos a abordagem Humeana dos fundamentos da moralidade e a noção de simpatia. Por fim, tentamos relacionar a abordagem humeana da moralidade com a interpretação Arendtiana da Filosofia Moderna.
Palavras-chaves: Hume, Arendt, Contratualismo, Sentimentos Morais, Simpatia.
Local Synthesis of Estradiol in the Rostral Ventromedial Medulla Protects against Widespread Muscle Pain in Male Mice
Authors: Plumb Ashley N. , Lesnak Joseph B. , Kolling Louis J. , Marcinkiewcz Catherine A. , Sluka Kathleen A.
Published: August 2024

Animal studies consistently demonstrate that testosterone is protective against pain in multiple models, including an animal model of activity-induced muscle pain. In this model, females develop widespread muscle hyperalgesia, and reducing testosterone levels in males results in widespread muscle hyperalgesia. Widespread pain is believed to be mediated by changes in the central nervous system, including the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM). The enzyme that converts testosterone to estradiol, aromatase, is highly expressed in the RVM. Therefore, we hypothesized that testosterone is converted by aromatase to estradiol locally in the RVM to prevent development of widespread muscle hyperalgesia in male mice. This was tested through pharmacological inhibition of estrogen receptors (ERs), aromatase, or ER-α in the RVM which resulted in contralateral hyperalgesia in male mice (C57BL/6J). ER inhibition in the RVM had no effect on hyperalgesia in female mice. As prior studies show modulation of estradiol signaling alters GABA receptor and transporter expression, we examined if removal of testosterone in males would decrease mRNA expression of GABA receptor subunits and vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT). However, there were no differences in mRNA expression of GABA receptor subunits of VGAT between gonadectomized and sham control males. Lastly, we used RNAscope to determine expression of ER-α in the RVM and show expression in inhibitory (VGAT+), serotonergic (tryptophan hydroxylase 2+), and μ-opioid receptor expressing (MOR+) cells. In conclusion, testosterone protects males from development of widespread hyperalgesia through aromatization to estradiol and activation of ER-α which is widely expressed in multiple cell types in the RVM.
Kurikulárne ukotvenie predmetu občianska náuka a výchova v období prvej Československej republiky (1918 – 1938)
Authors: Bubeník Marek
Published: August 2024

The paper systematically maps the development of the curriculum for the subject of civics education in the Czechoslovak Republic from the tendencies leading to its creation to the form of the definitive curriculum in 1933. This area has not yet been significantly retracted in Slovakia. The main research interest is oriented not only on the curriculum, but also on related archival documents and monographs, which provide information on both the legislative frameworks and the school realities of the time (the approach to the application of the curriculum in the didactic framework). In the case of curricula for municipal (folk) and civic (bourgeois) schools, the focus is on observational criteria such as the position of the subject in the system and its objectives, the hourly allocation, the organisation of teaching, the instructions for teachers, the binding content (thematic concept) and the ideological platform, which make it possible to understand what transformations the various versions of the curriculum have been carried out, under what influence and with what results. Overall, this represents a set of information suitable for in-depth content analysis, supported in places by links to the current state of the curriculum. A comparative approach is applied to identify positive and negative elements in the changing versions of the curriculum. This also reflects the aim of the research – document the development as comprehensively as possible, using the above-mentioned methodology, and to link it to the current state of the curriculum for social studies education. The resulting findings are summarized in the final evaluation.
Specific features of the situation in Kalinin and Kashin diocese prior to the start of Khruschev persecution (1954–1957)
Authors: Tupikin Isidor
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of church life in the Kalinin and Kashin diocese for three years before the start of Khrushchev’s “thaw”. Until 1954, taking into account the consequences of the persecution of the Russian Orthodox Church in the 1930s, a series of church and administrative transformations of the Kalinin diocese in the last years of the Great Patriotic War and the post-war period, determined by the needs of the Church, as well as the activities of diocesan bishops in 1935–1953, Church life in the Kalinin region was in decline. The revival of the Kalinin and Kashin diocese was initiated by Patriarch Alexy I (Simansky). By appointing as diocesan bishop an outstanding hierarch from the widowed clergy, who had an academic theological education and was imprisoned in the Solovetsky camp for special purposes, Bishop Barsanuphius (Grinevich), the patriarch, with the assistance of the Council for the Affairs of the Russian Orthodox Church, ensured non-interference in the activities of the bishop authorized by the Council for the Kalinin Region V.I. Hebronov, who was distinguished by his irreconcilable position towards the Church. In such conditions, Bishop Barsanuphius managed to achieve outstanding results in the revival of the diocese in three years: to increase the number of registered churches, to resume services in churches remote from Kalinin, where services had not been held for a long time, to increase the number of parish clergy, to stabilize the state of their morality, to ensure remote rural churches by clergy, to carry out repairs in them. Considering that the population of the Kalinin region was recognized as religious, the events of 1954–1957. were characterized by the patriarch, clergy, believers of the Kalinin region and even the authorized Hebronov as a revival.
Heat-electrophysical processes in steam turbines
Authors: Tarelin Anatoly
Published: August 2024

The monograph deals with comprehensive research in the field of electrization of wet steam flow in a turbine. An analysis is presented, the experience of studies conducted on la boratory stands and full-scale facilities (CHP and TPP) in Ukraine, the USA is summarized, post-factorial phenomena of electrization and their influence on the operational characte ris tics of the turbine are considered, and specific recommendations are proposed to improve its efficiency and reliability. The most widely presented are studies on establishing the main electrophysical factors of influence the surface strength of the blade, such as electric fields, charge density, and their polarity. Water chemistry regimes (WCM) are also considered in the context of their influence on the flow charge formation process, reliability, and efficiency in dicators of the turbine. The monograph may be useful to energy specialists working in the field of research, development, and operation of steam turbines.
Large Language Models in Pediatric Education: Current Uses and Future Potential
Authors: Suresh Srinivasan , Misra Sanghamitra M.
Published: August 2024

Generative artificial intelligence, especially large language models (LLMs), has the potential to affect every level of pediatric education and training. Demonstrating speed and adaptability, LLMs can aid educators, trainees, and practicing pediatricians with tasks such as enhancing curriculum design through the creation of cases, videos, and assessments; creating individualized study plans and providing real-time feedback for trainees; and supporting pediatricians by enhancing information searches, clinic efficiency, and bedside teaching. LLMs can refine patient education materials to address patients’ specific needs. The current versions of LLMs sometimes provide “hallucinations” or incorrect information but are likely to improve. There are ethical concerns related to bias in the output of LLMs, the potential for plagiarism, and the possibility of the overuse of an online tool at the expense of in-person learning. The potential benefits of LLMs in pediatric education can outweigh the potential risks if employed judiciously by content experts who conscientiously review the output. All stakeholders must firmly establish rules and policies to provide rigorous guidance and assure the safe and proper use of this transformative tool in the care of the child. In this article, we outline the history, current uses, and challenges with generative artificial intelligence in pediatrics education. We provide examples of LLM output, including performance on a pediatrics examination guide and the creation of patient care instructions. Future directions to establish a safe and appropriate path for the use of LLMs will be discussed.
A Set of Methodological Test Programs for the Numerical Research of High-Performance Computing Systems Parameters
Authors: Ignatyev Alexey Olegovich , Mokshin Sergey Yurievich , Ershov Alexander Victorovich , Karpeev Artem Vladimirovich , Mukhamadiev Rim Fanavievich , Romanova Elena Mikhailovna , Ushakov Denis Alexandrovich , Anisov Vadim Olegovich
Published: August 2024

An integral part of the process of creating high-performance computing systems designed to solve problems of numerical modeling of various physical processes is to check their compliance with the characteristics stated during their design. At the same time, there is a problem of evaluating the performance of computing systems on synthetic tests, which are significantly primitive in mathematical complexity to real applied problems. The article considers a set of test programs developed by the authors, which allows to more accurately assess the real performance of computing systems.
Diversity of fatty acids in different coral species collected in the coastal sea of Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa
Authors: Dao Thi Kim Dung , Dang Thi Minh Tuyet , Nguyen Thi Nga , Nguyen Ba Kien , Trinh Thi Thu Huong , Dang Thi Phuong Ly
Published: August 2024

The total of 15 coral samples belonging to soft coral species Sinularia flexibilis, hard coral Acropora sp., and the hydrocoral Millepora platypylla, were collected in the coastal sea of Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam. In these samples, 39 fatty acids were identified in which Sinularia flexibilis sample identified 26 fatty acids, Acropora sp. identified 27 fatty acids, and Millepora platyphylla has the most diverse fatty acid composition with 35 fatty acids. In the coral samples of S. flexibilis, the difference between the ratio of total saturated fatty acids and the polyunsaturated fatty acids was much smaller than that of the other two species. The n-3/n-6 ratio is the highest among Millepora species, up to 4.45; in S. flexibilis and Acropora, this ratio can be lower than 1. Fatty acids 16:0 and 18:0 are the two main fatty acids in total; the content varies between samples of different species but is quite similar amongst samples of the same species. Fatty acids characterized by symbiotic microalgae 16:2n-7, 18:3n-6, 18:4n-3 Fatty acids 18:3n-6 were absent in S. flexibilis samples, minor content in M. platyphylla samples, and relatively significant in Acropora sp. (from 7.07% to 9.59% total fatty acids). Two fatty acids 16:2n-7 and 18:4n-3 were present in all 3 species, the highest in the sample S. flexibilis. The tetracosapolyenoic fatty acids 24:5n-6 and 24:6n-3 are soft coral marker fatty acids, present in only 5 samples of S. flexibilis with 24:5n-6 content ranging from 2.56% to 5.58% total fatty acids, 24:6n-3 is much lower (0.24% to 0.76%). The two PUFAs with the highest concentration were 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3. 20:4n-6 was present in the total fatty acids of S. flexibilis with a quite high content (9.76% to 17.12% of the total axb), in contrast, the proportion was very low in five Millepora samples and five Acropora samples. 22:6n-3 was significantly high in the five Millepora samples (12.63% to 25.29% total fatty acids) and minor in the samples of the other two species.
“Helping Me Get Through the Day”: The Importance of Social Contact and Support for Incarcerated Young People During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Rock Jacoba , Fishbein Diana
Published: August 2024

Background: There is limited knowledge about how incarcerated young people have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. An improved understanding of the impact of pandemic circumstances could help to advance a multitude of practices and policies, including those that strengthen personal relationships.
Objectives: This study aimed to (a) describe self-reported perceptions that social contact and support for incarcerated young people are powerful protective factors with the potential to attenuate the negative impacts of incarceration, (b) explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their personal and relational well-being, (c) determine the extent to which the pandemic restricted access to social support and other resources, and (d) consider potential identity-related differences in these perceptions and impacts.
Methods: This exploratory study employed interpretative phenomenological analysis (Smith et al., 2010) of semi-structured interviews with 30 incarcerated youth in an adult correctional setting, ages 16-21 years, in addition to some preliminary information about social contact and multidimensional social support.
Results: Significant benefits of family support were identified, such as moral guidance, hopefulness, and goal maintenance, as well as the necessity of relationships for youth well-being given the especially challenging circumstances created by the pandemic. Limitations and barriers to social support, as well as access to services, were identified that may have implications for programmatic and system-level changes.
Conclusion: Contact with and involvement in supportive relationships is important for incarcerated young people, perhaps especially so during times of crisis. Specific implications for both forensic social work practice, such as family-focused advocacy and services, and further qualitative social work research, including with incarcerated young people, are further explored.
Teaching Forensic Paraphilia in Undergraduate and Graduate Human Sexuality: A Note from the Field
Authors: Alam Nafees
Published: August 2024

Part of being a social work professor is teaching human sexuality, including paraphilias. Approaching such emotionally charged topics intellectually can be particularly difficult when teaching at undergraduate and graduate levels in higher education. Students coming from different parts of the nation, different parts of the planet; students coming from a diverse array of ethical and ideological backgrounds, can take these lessons in different ways, ways in which professors may never intend. Employing a point-counterpoint philosophy to explore the ethics related to sexual diversity and inclusion can encourage students to consider counterpoints to their points of view, focused not on agreement, but understanding. The aim isn’t for students to change who they are, but to get to know who they are at a deeper level by covering divisive topics from a variety of opposing and conflicting perspectives. For professors, it’s important to understand that divisive topics are divisive for a reason, and will likely never be universally considered.
Flipping the Narrative: A Unifying Framework for Juvenile Court-based Forensic Social Work Practice
Authors: Walker Elizabeth Loizeaux
Published: August 2024

Professional social workers are trained in multiple competencies and occupy various positions within the forensic landscape. Unified by a code of ethics that emphasizes social justice and the protection and empowerment of marginalized populations and a philosophical approach that recognizes the interplay of individual and environmental factors, social work leadership in youth justice policy and practice is vital. This article proposes a unifying framework for macro, mezzo, and micro court-based forensic social work practice in the 21st century that draws from post-modern critical social work theory.
The lifelong negative impacts of court involvement for young people are well documented and contribute to persistent societal inequities. Pre-disposition court practices can mitigate or further harm court-involved youth. “Flipping the Narrative” is a culturally relevant practice framework for evaluating and designing youth court practices that recognize the intersectionality of the identities and experiences of court-involved youth. The proposed framework incorporates the practical implications of Critical Theory, specifically Critical Race Theory, the Theory of African American Offending, and Queer Theory,  and relevant practice approaches, such as Social Justice Youth Development and Narrative Therapy, to analyze current youth court practices, propose areas for further evaluation and innovation, and recommend practice enhancements for defense-based forensic social workers. The urgency for innovation in one New England state is illustrated through a case study.
State of the Art of Radar Images Recognition of Surface Ships by Means of Space Monitoring
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Dorosinskiy L. G. , Vinogradova N. S. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin
Published: August 2024

The issue of synthesizing and analyzing algorithms of processing radar images of spatially distributed targets, obtained through space monitoring tools, remains one of the most significant both theoretically and practically. This is particularly crucial for ensuring maritime safety, monitoring illegal fishing activities, and managing crisis situations such as natural disasters and migration flows. One of the most common applications of this problem is the recognition of surface ships, to which this review is devoted. The review is performed using foreign materials. Thus, the proposed review, which includes a detailed analysis of contemporary methods addressing the mentioned challenges, proposed by a wide range of authors over the past decades, will be valuable for developers and researchers in the field of space observation of marine surface conditions.
Staggered and continuous fructification pruning in guava trees in the Southwest of Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Flauzino Darlan Souza , Santos Silvia Correa , Santos Cleberton Correia , Torales Elissandra Pacito , Neves Eduardo Soares , Carvalho Rafael Lima de
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Guava is one of the fruit trees with good economic returns. The aim with this study was to evaluate the production and fruit quality of five guava cultivars (Tailandesa, Cortibel SLG, Cortibel RM, Cortibel RG, and Paluma) submitted to staggered and continuous production pruning, in the bioclimatic conditions of Southwest Mato Grosso do Sul. The experiment was conducted during the year 2019/2020/2021, performing two production pruning (PP1 and PP2). In each production pruning, eight fructification pruning were carried out, with an interval of 30 days, namely: in PP1 (October/2019, November/2019, December/2019, January/2020, February/2020, March/2020, April/2020 and May/2020); and in PP2 (June/2020, July/2020, August/2020, September/2020, October/2020, November/2020, December/2020 and January/2021). Statistical analyzes were performed within each production period, not comparing the effects of these. The means were compared using the Tukey test for cultivars and the Scott-Knott test for staggered pruning. Higher yield values were observed in PP1 of the Tailandesa and Cortibel RM cultivar, in the pruning of October/2019 and January/2020. In PP2, the productivity of all cultivars was higher than in PP1, especially Cortibel RM and Tailandesa, with higher yields and lower amounts of non-marketable fruits in the pruning of November and December/2020 and January/2021. The fruits were classified as oblong and with quality for commercialization. Continuous staggered pruning, and Tailandesa and Cortibel RM cultivars are promising for cultivation in Southwest MS.
Genetic diversity among accessions of Spondias mombin L. collected in northeastern Brazil
Authors: Batista Giovana Sarah Sales , Vieira Samara de Brito , Carvalho Leonardo Castelo Branco , Valente Sérgio Emílio dos Santos , Vasconcelos Lucio Flavo Lopes , Lima Paulo Sarmanho da Costa
Published: August 2024

Abstract: Spondias mombin is an arboreal species, the fruits of which possess a unique flavor and aroma and contain both nutritive and bioactive compounds. Considering that knowledge regarding the genetic variability in S. mombin is important for the establishment of a genetic improvement program, the aim was to characterize S. mombin accessions collected in the states of Maranhão and Piauí, northeastern Brazil, using molecular analysis with simple sequence repeats markers (ISSR). Twenty-six accessions maintained in the Embrapa Meio-Norte germplasm bank (Teresina, PI, Brazil) and two dwarf accessions collected from a private property in Teresina-PI were evaluated. The 12 ISSR markers employed presented strong discriminatory power as demonstrated by the high percentage of polymorphism (88.75%) and mean polymorphic information content (0.641). High genetic diversity among the accessions was demonstrated by the diversity indices of Nei (H=0.37) and Shannon (I=0.55), while gene flow between populations was considered moderate (Nm=0.6268 migrants per generation). The genetic diversity could be explained mainly by variability within-populations (88.71%) rather than between-populations (11.29%), although the genetic differentiation coefficient between-populations was moderate (GST=0.11) and statistically significant (P < 0.01). Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) clustering and Population Structure analysis showed genetically distinct groups. The dwarf accessions were the most divergent and should be incorporated into the germplasm bank. Our study verified the existence of genetic differentiation between the tested S. mombin accessions and confirmed that such variability could be exploited through genetic improvement programs.
Rooting of ‘Pedro Sato’ guava cuttings as a function of diameter, types of cuts and treatment with bioestimulant
Authors: Costa Jussara Cristina Firmino da , Penso Gener Augusto , Fernandes Denison Ramalho , Marques Junior Edilson , Serafini Gabriel Antonio Dalapícula , Santos Carlos Eduardo Magalhães dos
Published: August 2024

Abstract: For the propagation of guava seedlings to occur, it is necessary to address numerous factors, therefore, the objective was to verify the influence of the diameter and type of cut on the base of ‘Pedro Sato’ guava tree cuttings. Experiment I: implemented in a 3 × 5 factorial scheme, consisting of three types of cut at the base of the cutting and five biostimulant concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g L-¹). Experiment II: implemented in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme, composed of two stem diameters (D1: 3 - 3,99 mm; D2: 4 - 4,99 mm) combined with five biostimulant concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g L-¹), and both experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design, with 4 replicates of 10 cuttings per plot. Considering the above, it could be concluded that the use of biostimulant increases the rooting rate. Cut with the removal of lateral portions at the base of the cutting promotes greater mortality, while evidencing less increase in root length. In experiment II, it was found that cuttings with diameter between 4 and 4.99 mm show greater survival rate at concentrations of 0 and 5 g L-¹, while cuttings with diameter between 3 and 3.99 mm have higher rooting rate at concentrations 0 and 5 g L-¹ but with high mortality rate at concentration of 5 g L-¹.
THE CREATION OF THE NOTION OF NORMALITY AND ITS HISTORICAL MEANINGS
Authors: CORRÊA CAMILA BOTTERO , LOCKMANN KAMILA
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT: This article is part of a broader study that analyzed the discourses of school inclusion in official documents and how they enact strategies of governmentality on so-called normal subjects. Therefore, it was crucial to question the normality concept. This text presents how the notion of normality was historically produced and, together with it, the practices of in/exclusion focusing on the subjects considered normal. Our theoretical support is the studies of Michel Foucault, Lilia Lobo, and Georges Canguilhem, who questioned the notions of abnormality and norm. As a result, we built three historical meanings to the notion of normality related to the knowledge produced throughout a specific period: the transcendental ideal - evidenced in the Middle Ages and constituted by religious and/or divine knowledge, linked to the body and conduct of subjects; the scientific normality - founded by scientific knowledge, between the 16th and 18th centuries, which seems connected to the subjects' behaviors and, by the end of the 18th century, also to their intimacy; and the differential normalities- associated to science of State, to statistical knowledge, and a flexible norm, which operates in the security society. Two contemporary movements established this notion related to the same phenomenon: the naturalization of differences. The first refers to the creation and proliferation of differential normalities, and the second to the acceptance, tolerance, and respect for diversity.
FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES EM UM COLETIVO: ALGUNS PRINCÍPIOS ORIENTADORES
Authors: BINSFELD CARINE DAIANA , LOPES ANEMARI ROESLER LUERSEN VIEIRA
Published: August 2024

RESUMO: Este estudo se insere no campo de investigação que trata da formação de professores, a fim de compreender como esses profissionais se formam em um contexto coletivo, como o de um grupo de estudos e pesquisas. Neste artigo apresenta-se uma interpretação de ações realizadas em um grupo de estudos e pesquisas, que, a partir de alguns princípios, podem orientar a formação docente dos professores que participam dele. Tenciona-se essa formação na perspectiva da atividade, com base na premissa de que um coletivo de grupo de estudos e pesquisas que prima por ações que ultrapassam suas dimensões estruturantes oferece uma formação que, com qualidades novas, transforma os sujeitos que participam dele. Assim, desenvolveu-se uma pesquisa a partir dos pressupostos da Teoria Histórico-Cultural, com o objetivo de compreender princípios que orientam a formação de professores em um coletivo. Os dados foram produzidos a partir da análise de ações realizadas em um grupo de estudos e pesquisas, com 18 integrantes, vinculados ao grupo como acadêmicas da graduação, professoras cursando a pós-graduação e/ou professoras da Educação Básica ou do Ensino Superior que participam de seus projetos. O processo analítico, a partir da dialética entre a dimensão orientadora e executora, procurou identificar princípios orientadores da formação docente no grupo a partir das diferentes ações que ele desenvolve. Os resultados apontam que essas ações permitem que os princípios se efetivem para que ocorra a formação dos sujeitos na perspectiva de uma personalidade coletivista, a partir da unidade afetivo-cognitiva constituída no processo de participação no grupo/coletivo, o que pode contribuir com o desenvolvimento da personalidade dos sujeitos que participam dele
MODERNIZAÇÃO-RESTAURADORA E TRANSFORMISMO NA POLÍTICA DO ENSINO MÉDIO PERNAMBUCANO: ESTRATÉGIAS DE APASSIVAMENTO DA HEGEMONIA EMPRESARIAL
Authors: BARBOSA JOHN MATEUS , SILVA JAMERSON ANTÔNIO ALMEIDA DA
Published: August 2024

RESUMO: O texto examina a dinâmica político-ideológica e o conteúdo da hegemonia empresarial na política para o ensino médio em Pernambuco. A análise se debruça sobre os intelectuais organizadores da política, os aparelhos privados de hegemonia, as orientações político-ideológicas e o comportamento dos setores e representantes dos subalternos frente ao Procentro e, posteriormente, ao Programa de Educação Integral. Para tanto, foi realizada a análise de documentos oficiais e de instituições privadas à luz de categorias gramscianas, com destaque para revolução passiva e transformismo. Conclui-se que a hegemonia empresarial na política em tela expressa um movimento de modernização-restauradora da racionalidade gerencial, revisando aspectos ideológicos secundários à hegemonia empresarial para incorporar, residualmente, demandas dos subalternos. Isso resulta num projeto, no plano da aparência, mais “social” e “inclusivo” de gerencialismo que, por sua vez, ocasiona fenômenos de transformismos como expressões de apassivamento das oposições ao modelo gerencial. Destaca-se, também, que o movimento de modernização-restauradora analisada em Pernambuco é parte de um bloco histórico dirigido por setores progressivos da política e da sociedade civil que caracteriza uma revolução passiva à brasileira e seu social-liberalismo (CASTELO, 2011).
TEACHER TRAINING IN NON-FORMAL CONTEXT: THE EXPERIENCE IN POPULAR PRE-UNIVERSITY COURSES
Authors: LUCENA HADASSA MONTEIRO DE ALBUQUERQUE
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT: The article presents the results of a doctorate research in Educational Sciences. The aim was to analyze the relationship between non-formal education in the context of higher education and teacher training. This investigation has a qualitative nature; data collection consisted of conducting 21 interviews, whose data were treated according to thematic content analysis. The research allowed the study of educational and training practices developed in two popular pre-university courses, Rede Emancipa and Conexões de Saberes, which aim to prepare groups from economically and socially disadvantaged classes to take the Enem test. Considering the functions that non-formal education can play, namely complementing formal and non-formal education, the results indicate that the analyzed educational practices are essential for training Teaching undergraduates since they enable the learning of theoretical and practical knowledge. These experiences studied are close to popular education, as the teaching practice follows a critical view. Furthermore, they are essential tools to democratize higher education in Brazil.
Desmonte da Política de Assistência Social no Brasil pós 2016: uma tragédia anunciada
Authors: Bronzo Carla , Araújo Edgilson Tavares de
Published: August 2024

Resumo: O artigo analisa o processo de desmonte das políticas de assistência social no Brasil a partir de 2016 e com mais intensidade a partir de 2019, identificando as formas como tal desmonte se manifestou e as estratégias utilizadas. Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica e uma roda de conversa com três servidoras públicas federais atuantes no órgão gestor federal da política no período analisado. Os resultados apontam que o desmonte foi programático e, ao mesmo tempo, pautado por intenções de afetar sistemicamente a política. Foram utilizados os quatro tipos de estratégias de desmonte, observando que estas afetaram a política e suas ofertas, tanto em termos de densidade quanto de intensidade. Notam-se as consequências perversas do desmonte para a provisão dos serviços nos níveis municipais, em um contexto de agravamento da fome e das vulnerabilidades sociais.
Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus clarus on tomato promotes increasing yield under organic farming inputs
Authors: Radi Antonio José , Ventura Maurício Ursi , Barazetti André Riedi , Andrade Galdino , Shimizu Gabriel Danilo
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT: Organic agriculture comprises farming practices that discard synthetic pesticides and fertilizers. Tomato production demands huge amounts of fertilizers and pesticides. Improving efficiency of the inputs allowed for organic tomato production is a challenge to upgrade yields. Thereby, we studied the effects of the inoculation of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) Rhizophagus clarus, supplying rock thermophosphate and bioactivator, alone or associated, on tomato development and yield. The experiment was achieved in a greenhouse using undetermined tomato cv. BRS-Nagai sown in polystyrene trays and afterwards transplanted to pots. Treatments included R. clarus; thermophosphate (TH) (130 g/pot); bioactivator (PenergeticK® + Penergetic®) (BI); R. clarus + TH; R. clarus + BI; R. clarus + TH+ BI and TH + BI and control (CO). From the flowering onset, plant height, height of insertion of first truss, trusses space, length, and also the diameter and fresh weight of ripe fruits of the three first trusses were assessed. AMF colonization in the roots and macronutrients in leaves and petioles were also measured. Trusses spacing variable was affected by mycorrhiza and thermophosphate. R. clarus inoculation incremented 10 and 31.85% of fresh mass of ripe fruits and mass of ripe fruits per plant, respectively. Soluble solids contents in fruits and N, P and K in the leaves and petioles were similar among treatments. AMF colonization decreased on thermophosphate fertilized plants and increased in bioactivator treatment. Results showed that root inoculation with R. clarus promoted better plant development and yield and may be used as biological inoculant mostly on organic tomato production.
Tree thinning affects the physicochemical characteristics and bioactive compounds in ‘Barton’ and ‘Melhorada’ pecan cultivars
Authors: Hoffmann Jessica Fernanda , Crizel Rosane Lopes , Siebeneichler Tatiane Jéssica , Foscarini Stefany Cristina , Silva Tamires de Oliveira Duarte da , Ferreira Cristiano Dietrich , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Hellwig Cristiano Geremias , Martins Carlos Roberto
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT The production and consumption of pecan nuts have been on the rise in recent times, which renders it necessary to study the best production practices to increase the yield, enhance the flavor, and maintain the bioactive components in the final product. The present study, therefore, aimed to verify the effects of tree thinning on the physicochemical characteristics and bioactive components in pecan under the cultivation conditions of Santa Rosa, Rio Grande do Sul. The pecan plants were submitted to two types of management - with thinning and without thinning, following which the fruits were evaluated for physical (size, weight, and color) and chemical (physicochemical composition, oxidative stability, fatty acid profile, and tocopherols) attributes. The results revealed that the thinning of plants increased the size and mass of both nuts and kernels while reducing the acid content and peroxides in the kernels and increasing the γ-tocopherol levels. The other quality evaluations did not reveal any significant alterations after plant thinning.
Baru (Dipteryx alata): a comprehensive review of its nutritional value, functional foods, chemical composition, ethnopharmacology, pharmacological activities and benefits for human health
Authors: Santos J. M. dos , Borges J. A. T. , Santos S. M. dos , Silva R. M. M. F. , Trichez V. D. K. , Formagio A. S. N.
Published: August 2024

Abstract Baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel) is recognized as a widespread Brazilian tree species, and its almonds and pulp have gained commercial prominence due to their nutritional value. All parts of the baru are important for the environment and are used by traditional communities to treat various diseases. This review provides a comprehensive and current overview of the nutritional composition, human food applications, ethnopharmacological uses, and chemical and biological properties of Dipteryx alata, “baru” (Fabaceae). This study followed the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. Studies were searched in the Medline (PubMed), Scopus, SciELO, and ScienceDirect databases using the descriptors “Dipteryx alata” OR “baru nut” OR “baru almond” OR “cumaru” OR “Coumarouna”. The exclusion criteria included duplicate articles, review articles, case reports, short communications, conference documents, incomplete access to the text, and articles not related to the objective of this review. The initial search yielded 822 results, 127 of which met the inclusion criteria. The almond was the most extensively studied part (59.8%), whereas leaves received the least attention (1.6%). Baru almond is a rich source of proteins (19 to 30 g.100 g-1), unsaturated fatty acids (75 to 81%), and essential amino acids, while the pulp is rich in carbohydrates (22.5 to 75.4%), dietary fiber (4.4 to 41.6 g.100 g-1) and vitamin C (113.48 and 224.5 mg.100 g-1). Phenolic compounds were the main metabolites, with a greater content in the almond (3.1 to 1.306,34 mg GAE g-1) than in the pulp (186 to 477 mg GAE g-1). Terpenes were also detected in the almond, pulp, and bark. The most evaluated biological activity was the antioxidant activity (n = 32.1%), followed by effects on oxidative stress (n = 12.5%). Therefore, emphasis on baru cultivation and bioprospecting could benefit human nutrition and health, strengthen family farming in various regions of the country and favour the achievement of Zero Hunger and Sustainable Agriculture and Health and Well-Being in the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals.
Antioxidant evaluation study of black rice anthocyanins nano-composite as prospective against infertility induced by AlCl3 in rats
Authors: AlGhannam S. M. , El-Rahman S. N. A.
Published: August 2024

Abstract Anthocyanins are known as an antioxidant, and their water-soluble purple-colored pigments are very nutritive. Therefore, the present study investigated the antioxidant activity of black rice anthocyanins nano-composite against infertility induced by AlCl3 in rats. Anthocyanin silver nanoparticles (An-AgNPs) were prepared by reducing black rice anthocyanin with the metallic ions. Antioxidant activity (DPPH %) of anthocyanin was determined. Also, the morphology of (An-AgNPs) was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Albino rats were divided into five groups (negative control (NC): fed on basel diet, positive control (PC): treated with AlCl3 (34 mg/kg bw) for seventy days, and three other groups treated with AlCl3 (34 mg/kg bw) + An-AgNPs at 10, 15, and 20 mg/kg, b.w/ day, respectively for seventy days. Serum testosterone, LH, FSH, and estradiol were measured. Additionally, Sperm motility, Sperm count (Testicular and Epididymal), fructose in semen, and semen quality were determined. The values of the anthocyanin component and DPPH radical scavenging activity obtained were 3603.82±6.11 mg CCE/g and 84.62±1.98, respectively. An-AgNPs shows tend to agglomerate, particles are uniform in size and shape, and the diameter of the particles ranges between 70nm to 130nm. LH, estradiol and testosterone levels increased significantly in rats treated with An-AgNPs 10, 15, 20 mg/kg b.w+ AlCl3 (34 mg/kg bw) also exhibited significantly higher sperm motility, sperm count, and daily sperm production, and decreased sperm transit rate than G2. In comparison to G2, animals treated with AlCl3 (34 mg/kg bw) + An-AgNPs 10, 15, 20 mg/kg b.w(G3 to G5) had significantly higher semen and semen quality (P 0.05). We can conclude that the An-AgNPs showed a strong effect against infertility induced by AlCl3; this represents a suitable natural supply of biological substances for medicine and anthocyanins could be considered the ideal ingredients against oxidative stress-induced infertility.
Effect of inert dust on the mortality of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Greco M. G. C. E. , Jobim K. , Pazini J. B. , Garcia F. R. M.
Published: August 2024

Abstract The maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, 1855 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), generally reaches pest status in stored grain. Chemical control is the most used method for population suppression, which can cause adverse impacts, thus creating a need for alternatives such as using inert powders. The present work aims to verify the effect of different concentrations of different types of inert powders on the mortality of S. zeamais in the laboratory. To this end, the experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design, with 13 treatments and four replications, ten adults per replication, where the effect of different inert powders (basalt powder, gypsum powder, and diatomaceous earth) was tested at concentrations of 0.025 g, 0.05 g, 0.1 g and 0.2 g/20 g of corn grains. Variance, normality, and homoscedasticity tests were applied in addition to controlling efficiency (CE%), median lethal time (TL50), and survival curves. All treatments caused mortality in S. zeamais, and all concentrations with diatomaceous earth were more efficient, with 100% mortality at 20 days, followed by the treatment of 0.2 g of gypsum powder/20 g of corn grains, with superior efficiency, to 95% in 20 days and 100% in 30 days. The results indicated that treatments with diatomaceous earth had the highest mortality rate and the best average survival time.
Influence and presumption of the vaccine against Covid-19 in South American families
Authors: Cotrina Cabello G. G. , Livia Cristóbal L. S. , Pariona Cervantes D. J. , Blanco Salcedo G. A. , Zevallos M. L. , Navarro L. A. , Cotrina N. C. , Guadalupe L. E. , Faustino C. D. B. , Rojas Galluffi J. C. , Delgado M. M. , Huapaya Zavala F. O. , Buendia Quispe B. F. , Zenteno Ruiz F. A. , Alania Ricaldi P. F. , Areche F. O. , Alejos Patiño I. W. , Campos Félix U.
Published: August 2024

Abstract Faced with the uncertainty of whether the vaccines against Covid-19 are effective or not and faced with living or dying, it is important to know the perception and expectation of their acceptance. The main aim of the study to analyze the perception and expectation of the vaccine against Covid- 19 that South American families have in an urban area of De Pasco. Descriptive, cross-sectional study, simple random sampling of 197 families. The participants were recruited digitally through a neighborhood leadership and an online survey was applied with prior consent. The logistic regression analysis was performed in EPIDAT 4.1 with a significance level of 5%. Regarding the desire to be vaccinated, it is worth noting that a family member died from the coronavirus, hence the health personnel must continue with the preventive promotional work of vaccination in order to obtain favorable results in the entire population. The majority (100%) have a favorable perception and expectation about the vaccine against Covid- 19 ( X c 2=132.83) and the p-value (0.00); As regards the desire to be vaccinated, it is worth noting having had a family member die from the coronavirus, hence the health personnel must continue with the preventive promotional work of vaccination in order to obtain favorable results in the entire population.
Chromatography of Solanum habrochaites extracts with the first record of the docosanoate, hexadecanoate and octadecanoate ethyls in this plant and in Solanaceae
Authors: Santos C. A. M. , Teixeira D. L. , Salgado-Neto G. , Wilcken C. F. , Lemes P. G. , Tavares W. S. , Sabattini J. A. , Zanuncio J. C.
Published: August 2024

Abstract The increasing need for sustainable alternatives to synthetic insecticides has driven the analysis of extracts from Solanum habrochaites, a wild tomato, through fractionated column chromatography. Potential bioactive compounds for pest management, a clean and promising biotechnological solution, have been reported from this plant. The objective is to provide detailed gas chromatography data, including peaks, structural formulas, and retention indices for the extracts of S. habrochaites aerial parts. Column chromatographic analysis was conducted with five fractions (F1, F2, F5, F3, and F4) of S. habrochaites extracts. Long-chain hydrocarbons such as hexadecanoic acid and docosano were identified in the F1 fraction; fatty acid esters, including hexadecanoate and octadecenoate ethyls in the F2 and methyl ketones, with tridecan-2-one as the major component in the F5, while no identifiable compounds were disclosed in the F3 and F4 fractions. The column chromatography provided valuable insights into compounds in the F1, F2, and F5 fractions of S. habrochaites extracts, highlighting fatty acid esters, long-chain hydrocarbons, and methyl ketones. The bioactive compounds, from extracts of this plant, including the first record of the docosanoate, hexadecanoate and octadecanoate ethyls in S. habrochaites and Solanaceae, reinforces their promising biological application in different areas of science.
Investigating factors affecting the development of contract farming. Case study: tomatoes in Kermanshah Province
Authors: Abadi H. Hossein , Mohamadi-Nejad A. , Gilanpour O. , Khaledi M.
Published: August 2024

Abstract The escalating demands of a growing population and rising living standards strain the efficiency of traditional agricultural methods in fulfilling consumer nutritional needs. Technological advancements, particularly the introduction of contract farming models, offer a potential path towards addressing these challenges. However, in Iran, contract farming remains an underdeveloped and under-researched agricultural practice. This study delves into the factors influencing the development of contract farming in Iran. Employing a two-level multinomial logit model and data collected through 380 questionnaires administered to farmers in the Kermanshah region, the research reveals income (measured by the number of employed household members) as the primary driver of contract farming adoption. Additionally, factors such as reduced agricultural risk, higher education levels among farmers, improved product sales prices, and proximity to processing facilities positively impact the expansion of contract farming. Interestingly, “push factors” like land scarcity significantly influence non-contract farming participation, with 30.8% of surveyed households relying on these alternative methods. Geographical factors also contribute, explaining 23% of the observed variance in farming activity choices. These findings inform key policy interventions for sustainable contract farming development in Iran: robust legal frameworks and transparent contracts, contract-specific insurance schemes, training for agricultural extension workers, and farmer awareness campaigns.