bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genotypic Study of Two Virulence Factors fimH and kpsMTII in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates from Children Patients with Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Abed Zahraa A. , Habib Khalid A. , Abass Zaid N.
Published: March 2024

Adhesion (type 1 fimbriae) and host defense avoidance mechanisms (capsule or lipopolysaccharide) have been shown to be prevalent in Escherichia coli isolates associated with urinary tract infections. In this work, 50 uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolated from children with urinary tract infections were genotypically characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. We used two genes; fimH and kpsMTII, both of them previously identified in uropathogenic E.coli (UPEC) isolates. The PCR assay results identified fimH (90.0)% and kpsMTII (72.0)% isolates. In the present study, was also demonstrated that these genes may be included in both or one of them within a single isolate.
Corrosion Behavior of Copper and Carbon Steel in Acidic Media
Authors: Al-zubidy Ekhlas A. Salman , Hummza Rana A.
Published: March 2024

The corrosion behavior of copper and carbon steel in 1M concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulphuric acid (H2SO4) has been studied. The corrosion inhibition of copper and carbon steel in 1M concentration of hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulphuric acid (H2SO4) by Ciprofloxacin has been investigated. Specimens were exposed in the acidic media for 7 hours and corrosion rates evaluated by using the weight loss method. The effect of temperature (from 283 ºK to 333 ºK), pH (from 1to 6), inhibitor concentration (10-4 to 10-2) has been studied. It was observed that sulphuric acid environment was most corrosive to the metals because of its oxidizing nature, followed by hydrochloric acid. The rate of metal dissolution increased with increasing exposure time. Corrosion rates of carbon steel in the acidic media found to be higher.
The Modified Quadrature Method for solving Volterra Linear Integral Equations
Authors: Shamran Mahmood A. , Abid Sami Abdulla
Published: March 2024

In this paper the modified trapezoidal rule is presented for solving Volterra linear Integral Equations (V.I.E) of the second kind and we noticed that this procedure is effective in solving the equations. Two examples are given with their comparison tables to answer the validity of the procedure.
A study of adsorption isotherms for the removal of herbicide Atlantis WG from aqueous solutions by using Bentonite clay
Authors: Sando Muna S.
Published: March 2024

The subject of this research involves studying adsorption to removal herbicide Atlantis WG from aqueous solutions by bentonite clay. The equilibrium concentration have been determined spectra photometry by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The experimental equilibrium sorption data were analyzed by two widely, Langmuir and Freundlish isotherm models. The Langmuir model gave a better fit than Freundlich model The adsorption amount of (Atlantis WG) increased when the temperature and pH decreased. The thermodynamic parameters like ?G, ?H, and ?S have been calculated from the effect of temperature on adsorption process, is exothermic. The kinetic of adsorption process was studied depending on Lagergren ,Morris ? Weber and Rauschenberg equations.
A New method for ISE construction for methyl orange dyes and using for indirect determination of Amitriptyline Hydrochloried drug
Authors: Ameen Suham T. , Khalil Ali I. , Mohammed Asmaa A.
Published: March 2024

A new method for construction ion-selective electrode (ISE) by heating reaction of methyl orange with ammonium reineckate using PVC as plasticizer for determination methyl orange and determination Amitriptyline Hydrochloried drug by formation ion-pair on electrode surface . The characteristics of the electrode and it response as following : internal solution 10-4M , pH (2.5-5) ,temperature (20-30) and response time 2 sec. Calibration response for methyl orange over the concentrationrange 10-3 -10-9 M with R=0.9989 , RSD%=0.1052, D.O.L=0.315X10-9 MEre%=(-0.877- -2.76) , Rec%.=(97.230 -101.711) .
Terrestrial Invertebrates as a Bioindicators of Heavy Metals Pollution
Authors: Jasim Israa M.
Published: March 2024

Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the terrestrial invertebrates in Al-Jadriyia district Baghdad- Iraq were investigated. Forth terrestrial invertebrates snails, slug, isopods, and diplopods , were selected for this study. The results showed that all invertebrate groups have the ability in accumulate considerable amounts of heavy metals. Higher levels of zinc and copper were observed in the isopods specimens, it's about ( 60.50±0.58 ) and ( 96.00±0.58 ) ppm respectively , while higher levels of lead were observed in the diplopods specimens ,it's about ( 23.00±1.15 ) ppm ,but the higher levels of both iron and cadmium were observed in snail specimens , it's about ( 590.00±1.15 ) and ( 9.50±1.15 ) ppm respectively .but the higher level between all heavy metals concentration in soil specimens were recorded in iron , zinc , lead, copper, and cadmium, it's about ( 8000.00±1.73 ) , ( 33.00±1.73 ) , ( 30.00±1.15 ) , ( 20.00±0.58 ) , and ( 10.00±1.73 ) ppm respectively .The correlation values show that most significant in some metals , while they show that non significant between in other metals .
Morphological and Histological study of pancreas in (Saw-scaled viper) Echis carinatus scochureki (Stemmler,1969)
Authors: Ibrahem Wejdan H. , Al–Nakeeb Gazwa D.
Published: March 2024

The aims of study were identify the Morphological description and histological structure of pancreas gland in the Saw-scaled viper snake, (Echis carinatus scochureki). The study was conducted on 6 snakes collected from the city of Nasiriya in Dhi Qar province, Doped snakes was dissected to isolate the pancreas gland, and the histological slides prepared after samples fixation by fixative solutions, the routine stains Haematoxylin– Eosin were used. Morphological Description study showed that the pancreas gland was compact in type with one lobe, white-pink in colure. The pancreas Located at the level of the Gall bladder associated with it’s caudal side, The spleen is adjacent to pancreas completely in the dorsal side .and duodenum linked to pancreas in the ventral side. The pancreas is mixed gland (endocrine and exocrine) surrounded by a capsule which extends trabeculae with blood vessels inside the gland. The exocrine part represent by the acini which were consisted of pyramidal cells with basal spherical nuclei, attached with each other forming a lumen in the center of the acinus penetrated by centro-acinar cells (flat epithelial cells) Opening in intercalated duct which lined by simple squamous epithelial Tissue, leading to intralobular duct then to interlobular ducts, both lined by simple cuboidal epithelial tissue these ducts leading to the main pancreatic duct which Lined by Ciliated columnar epithelium, as well as, interlobular and Main ducts surrounded by dense connective tissue, While The endocrine part of the pancreas is represented by islets of Langerhans Scattered in the peripheral part of the stroma, varied in forms : Rounded, Oval, and Irregular in shape, also varied in their sizes: small, medium and large. Saw-scaled viper snake had giant islets prevalent in the region adjacent to the spleen.
Preparation of Some Culture Media Locally from leaves and stems of Purslane plant (Portulaca oleracea oleracea L.) and Assessment of Their Efficiency Comparing with Culture Media of Oxoid Company
Authors: Kadhim Bushra A. , Ali Yassamin H.
Published: March 2024

The leaves and stems of the local Purslane plant ( Portulaca oleracea oleracea L. ) were used to preapare the extract of two types ( wet and dried extractions) the extracts were prepared by weighting of 60grams of the wet and the dried plant individually, then boiled in 500ml of distal water. Finally the volume was completed to1 liter, then we used these extracts to prepare of 8 types of the culture media contained basic, selective and enrichment media for growing a group of pathogenic bacteria. 8 types of bacteria were used for this purpose: Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas flouresence, Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Proteus mirabilis and Proteus vulgaris. The stastical analysis of the results showed that the locally prepared culture media in this research (Nutrient wet portulaca agar , Blood - wet portulaca agar, Manitol- wet portulaca agar, Lactose- wet portulaca agar, Nutrient dried portulaca agar , Blood - dried portulaca agar , Manitol- dried portulaca agar and Lactose- dried portulaca agar) were suitable for culturing of these pathogenic bacteria when compared to the media that supplied by Oxoid company. In addition they also revealed good growth and they were sufficient to use as basic, enriched and selective media .
Preparation and Characterization of Some Metal Complexes with Heterocyclic Azo Ligand (4-SuBAI)
Authors: Habiban Abdullah M. A. , Mahmoud Waleed A. , Kareem Tamara A.
Published: March 2024

The preparation and characterization of the Cu (II), Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), Cd(II), and Hg(II) metal complexes of heterocyclic azo ligand 2-[(4`-sulphamide phenyl) azo] -4,5-diphenyl imidazole (4-SuBAI) have been studied by elemental analysis, FT-IR and UV-Vis Spectroscopic, magnetic moment and molar conductance methods. The analytical data showed that all chelate complexes were prepared with (metal-ligand) ratio of (1:2). The general formula of these complexes was [ML2X2]. nH2O [were L=2-[(4`-sulphamide phenyl) azo]-4,5-diphenyl imidazole and X=Cl, and the octahedral geometry were suggested for these complexes .
Measurement of radon gas concentration in water and soil samples in AL-Najaf governorate by using nuclear track detector (CR-39)
Authors: Hameed Taghreed K.
Published: March 2024

The radon gas concentration in environmental samples soil and water of selected regions in Al-Najaf governorate was measured by using alpha-emitters registrations which are emitted form radon gas in (CR-39) nuclear track detector. The first part is concerned with the determination of radon gas concentration in soil samples, results of measurements indicate that the highest average radon concentration in soil samples was found in (Al-Moalmen) region which was (100.0±7.0 Bq/m3), while the lowest average radon concentration was found in (Al-Askary) region which was (38.5±4.7 Bq/m3), with an average value of (64.23±14.9 Bq/m3) ,the results show that the radon gas concentrations in soil is below the allowed limit from (ICRP) agency which is (200 Bq/m3), while the radon exhalation rate (RER) ranged from (35.23-91.52 µBq/m2h), and average value which was (58.77±13.6 µBq/m2h). The second part is concerned with the determination of radon gas concentration in samples of tap water obtained from networks in dwellings in Al-Najaf governorate, the results indicate that the highest average radon concentration in water samples was found in (Meassan) region which was (0.59±0.08 Bq/L), while the lowest average radon concentration was found in (Al-Jamhorah) region which was (0.16±0.04 Bq/L), with an average value of (0.36±0.1 Bq/L), the present results show that the radon gas concentrations in tap water is below the allowed limit from (ICRP) agency which is (0.5994 Bq/L), while the radon exhalation rate (RER) ranged from (2.15-0.58 ?Sv/y), and average value which was (1.28±0.31 ?Sv/y).
The effect of aqueous crude extract of ginger on the histology of corpus luteum and the concentration of hormones estrogen and progesterone in pregnant mice
Authors: Gali Mohammed A. , Muwafaq Raghad K.
Published: March 2024

This study was designed to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of ginger Zingiber officinale Roscoe on the histology of corpus luteum and the concentration of the hormones progesterone and estrogen during the first trimester of pregnancy (0 - 7) days from fertilization. 30 pregnant mice were divided into five experimental groups: control group (administrated with distilled water), and four groups treated at doses (284, 568, 1136,1420 mg / kg), orally administrated , daily with (0.1 ml). Microscopic examination results have shown histopathological changes in corpus luteum included: Pyknosis in some nuclei of granulosa cells, Karyorrhexis, Karyolysis in some granulosa cells, and necrosis in corpus luteum, with additional significant decrease in the average of diameters of corpus luteum at level (P
Effect of silver nanoparticles in the liver of female quail (Coturnix coturnix )
Authors: AL-Nakeeb Gazwa D. , Ali Abeer S. Abd
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to identify the alterations of liver in the quail (Coturnix coturnix) exposed by nanosilver particles.45 quail (females) were collected from agriculture research center in Abu-Ghraib, divided into (6) groups including: T1(12 quails were exposed to 4ppm), T2 (12 quails were exposed to 8ppm) and T3 (12 quails were exposed to 12ppm) of silver nanoparticles solution for 60 days. As well as three groups for control (3 females for each). Birds were dissected to isolate livers for histological preperations after fixation with Bouin's fluid, Routine stains Hematoxyline and eosin were used. Histological study showed that the structure of liver in a control groups consist of hepatocytes arranged radially cords around the central vein, Polygonal in shape with central nucleus. Sinusoid found between hepatocytes cords. The histological alterations in liver tissue included congestion of central vein, Fibrinous exudates , Infilteation of inflammatory cells, Thickness of capsule , Loss radial arrangement of hepatocytes , Incidence of fatty degeneration, Hydropic and Hyaline degeneration of hepatocytes , Appearing of councilman bodies, Pyknotic necrosis and few dilated of sinusoids in liver of group exposed to 4ppm. While the alterations in the liver with group 8ppm included occurance of precipitation of proteins near the vessels which known Amylloid , central vein dilation, An increase thickness of wall blood vessels, In addition an incidence of hemorrhage and hyaline degeneration of liver cells. Liver in group 12ppm suffer from incidence of fatty changes, Hydropic degeneration, Necrosis, Increase numbers of Concilman bodies, An incidence of giant cells, Atrophy of liver cells, Appearance of caceous necrosis and increase dilation of sinusoids and congestion.
A Qualitative Study of Epiphytic Algae (Diatom) on Some Aquatic Plants in Al-Auda Marshes Within Maysan Province / Southern Iraq
Authors: Hassany Jinan S. Al , Al-Bueajee Alaa I. M.
Published: March 2024

The study conducted on the compositions of epiphytic diatoms on three taxa of aquatic plants were selected (Phragmites australis Trin ex stand , Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Typha domengensis Pers) in three sites within Al-Auda Marsh, from autumn 2013 to summer 2014 . The study was measured physical and chemical factors of all the study sites, such as: air temperature, power of hydrogen (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), salinity (S‰), total hardness(TH), dissolved oxygen (DO), and plant nutrient. The results showed that water of marsh was oxygenated and it was very hard. A total of 111 taxa of phytoplankton were identified, which belonged to 13 families and 26 genus (one family and two genus of centric diatoms, 12 families and 26 genus of pennate diatoms). One of the diatoms taxa was recorded in the present study is new to Iraqi flora,the new record of diatom include one taxa of Achnanthidiaceae family (Achnanthes exigua var. constricta ). The results showed that epiphytic diatoms community have a moderate diversity according to the Shannon-Weaver Index, which ranged between (0.24-2.57).
The Study of Serum Complement C3, C4 and Immunoglobulin E IgE in Psoriasis Patients
Authors: Khalaf Hind Y. , Hussein Talib A. , Fadheel Basman M.
Published: March 2024

The present study was aimed to find out the role of humoral immunity in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Complements C3, C4 and immunoglobulin IgE .The study included 55 Iraqi patients with psoriasis 30 (15 females ,15 males) were untreated with any drugs. The other patient group consisted of 25 (9 female and 16 male) treated with a biological treatment (infliximab) ,and 30 (13 males ,12 females) healthy control group. Blood sample were withdrawn (5) ml of venous blood for both patients and members of the control ,to conduct the Immunological tests to determine the quantitative for each of total IgE by using (ELISA) and C3,C4 by Single Radial Immunodiffuse (SIRD). The results showed significant increase in the level of probability (P
Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Benzodiazepinium Salt Derivatives under microwave Irradiation
Authors: Fenjan Abdel- Amir M. , Shubram Ala'a Sh.
Published: March 2024

An attempt to synthesize the benzoimidazol derivatives from the reaction of o-phenylenediamine and benzoic acid derivatives in the presence of ethanol and various ketones under microwave irradiation, 1 , 5 - benzodiazepinum salt derivatives were obtained instead of them. Unexpected reaction was happened for synthesis a new series of benzodiazepinium salt derivatives in a selective yield . The reaction mechanism was also discussed. The new compounds were purified and identified their structures were elucidated using various physical techniques like; FT- IR spectra, micro elemental analysis (C.H.N) and 1H NMR spectra.
The Effect of Fillers on the Chemical, Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride Composites
Authors: Naji Amel Muhson
Published: March 2024

The compounding of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with two types of fillers and some additives were studied for the manufacturing of acid resistant tile. Various concentrations of two types of fillers namely; calcium carbonate and recycled glass powder were used along with different additives generally categorized as plasticizers, stabilizers, and lubricants were mixed in the standard concentration unit parts per hundred resins (phr) with the PVC as base polymer. The effects of filler materials on acid resistant towered different acids like sulphuric, nitric and hydrochloric at different concentration were studied. Samples which passed the test were further checked for dielectric strength and mechanical properties. It was found that the recycled glass powder is very suitable filler for preparing PVC composites materials for flooring tile, where most samples undergo negligible change in weight and maintained its shape and flexibility during the acid resistant test.
Synthesis and characterization of some biological active transition metal complexes of Schiff base derived from cefixime with mixed ligand 8-hydroxy quinoline
Authors: Numan Ahmed T. , AL-Taweel Husam H. , Ganawi Ameer M.
Published: March 2024

The aim of the work is synthesis and characterization of bidentate ligand [dipotassium sodium7-((E)-2-(2-((Z)-1-carboxylatoethylideneamino)thiazol-4-yl)-2 (carboxylatemethoxyimino) acet amido)-8-oxo-3-vinyl-5- thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0] oct-2- ene-2- carboxylate] [Nak2L], from the reaction of cefixime with sodium pyruvet to produce the ligand [Nak2L], the reaction was carried out in methanol as a solvent under reflux. The prepared ligand [Nak2L] which was characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, 1H, 13C-NMR spectra, Mass spectra, (C.H.N) and melting point. The mixed ligand complexes were prepared from ligand [Nak2L] was used as a primary ligand while 8-hydroxy quinoline [Q] was used as a secondary ligand with metal ion M(?).Where M(?) = (Mn ,Co ,Ni ,Cu ,Zn and Cd) at reflux ,using methanol as a solvent, KOH as a base. Complexes of the composition [(M)2(Q)2(KL)(H2O)4] with (2:2:1) molar ratio were prepared. All the complexes were characterized by spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, UV-Vis spectroscopy) along with elemental analysis (A.A), chloride content and melting point measurements were carried out, together with conductivity and magnetic susceptibility. These measurements showed octahedral geometry around (Mn??, Co??, Ni??, Cu??, Zn?? and Cd??) ions. The biological activity of the ligands [NaK2L], [Q] and complexes [(M)2(Q)2(KL)(H2O)4] were studied by using inhibition method.
Zero Knowledge Bi-Party Computation Using Oblivious Transfers for Recommender Systems
Authors: Rajagopalan Anirudh , Singh Kunwar , Jayashrri Balaji , John Anu E
Published: March 2024

Behavioural recommendations, utilizing data collected from online activity, is invaluable in helping advertisers reach the most suitable audience for their products. However, user privacy could be better pro-tected if it could be accomplished without collecting a particular individual’s data.
We provide a generic construction to leverage the classical Zero-Knowledge (ZK) protocol into a composable oblivious transfer (OT) protocol, preserving the ZK protocol’s round-complexity properties and security guarantees in the resulting OT protocol. Incorporating Fuzzy Logic, this amalgamation ensures that users’ sensitive, personal and private data is always kept secure when communicating with the recommender systems while not compromising the capacity of these systems to create cohorts of similar individuals.
WITHDRAWN: Effect of DMSO@γ-Fe2O3 nanomagnetic fluid thermotherapy combined with docetaxel on the biological behavior of human gastric cancer AGS cells under the alternating magnetic field
Authors: li chunyan , yang xiaojun
Published: March 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Variogram models reconstruction for damaged ERT Profiles
Authors: Kabe Eric , Meying Arsene , Mfenjou Martin Luther
Published: March 2024

Reconstructing signals which are embedding spatial pattern such as Electrical resistivity tomography, is a process that should require to reconstruct first the spatial correlation of the damaged signals. This paper proposes an approach which implement an Unstationary Kriging (UNK) to reconstruct the experimental var-iogram of a damaged synthetic pseudo section within a set of pseudo sections coming from the same survey. We used and compare 02 other simple methods which are the Linear Regression (LR) and the Ordinary Kriging (OK), to test the hypothesis we formulate to link the experimental variograms coming from a same ERT survey. After an implementation of the hybrid process (UNK) on 02 sets of data which are synthetics, we observed that the LR and the UNK methods present an interest. They both reconstruct signals with a +90% rate of accuracy, but when there are no structure or spatial correlation within the data, the LR is unstable. In the end, we conclude on an evidence that is : the proposed hybrid process is a promising way to reconstruct variographic signals, since we can improve it after more time invested to dig deep into the modeling of each of his components.
Evaluation of protein enriched snacks (fryums) from quality Protein Maize
Authors: B Subbulakshmi , S Praveena , R Anandham , P Geetha
Published: March 2024

Fryums / Warrian (vadagam) are dehydrated sun dried dumplings and brittle like products. Warrian spelled in different ways as sandige, wadiya, wadian, vadiyan, barrian are popular food adjuncts. Two varieties of Maize (CO1 & HQPM 7) based fryums (maize vadagam) with different level of incorporation were developed and their quality evaluated. Fryums prepared with 100% rice flour were used as control and 100% maize flour fryums also exhibited excellent organoleptic score in both varieties of maize of flour (CO1 and HQPM 7). Fryums was prepared out of rice flour as control and whole CO1 (T1) and HQPM 7 (T2) maize flour and packaged in 200 gauge polyethylene bags (P1) and metallised polypropylene bags (P2) stored at room temperature for 9 months. The chemical changes during storage were evaluated and the data collected were statistically analysed. Linear and significantly (P < 0.01) increased values were observed from control to maize flour incorporated seasoning fryums for pH, product yield, bulk density, moisture, protein and fat contents. Significantly reverse trends were observed for hydratability, water absorption index and water solubility index. Results of sensory evaluation on 9 point hedonic scale showed appearance and colour, flavour, texture, crispness, after taste, maize flavour intensity and overall palatability were higher for HQPM 7 maize flour based fryums followed by CO1 maize based fryums.
Simplifications and approximations in molecular systems biology: lessons from a single-gene circuit
Authors: Diambra Luis , Barton Alejandro , Sesin Pablo
Published: March 2024

The absence of detailed knowledge about regulatory interactions makes the use of phenomenological assumptions mandatory in cell biology modeling. Furthermore, the challenges associated with the analysis of these models compel the implementation of mathematical approximations. However, the constraints these methods introduce to biological interpretation are sometimes neglected. Consequently, understanding these restrictions is a very important task for systems biology modeling.In this article, we examine the impact of such simplifications taking the case of a single-gene autoinhibitory circuit, however, our conclusions are not limited solely to this instance. We demonstrate that models grounded in the same biological assumptions but described at varying levels of detail can lead to different outcomes, that is different and contradictory phenotypes or behaviors. Indeed, incorporating specific molecular processes like translation and elongation into the model can introduce instabilities and oscillations not seen when these processes are assumed to be instantaneous. Furthermore, incorporating a detailed description of promoter dynamics, usually described by a phenomenological regulatory function, can lead to instability depending on the cooperative binding mechanism that is acting. Consequently, although the use of a regulating function facilitates model analysis, it may mask relevant aspects of the system's behavior. In particular, we observe that the two cooperative binding mechanisms, both compatible with the same sigmoidal function, can lead to different phenotypes, such as transcriptional oscillations with different frequencies.
Dental anomalies, variations and pathology in the Swedish red fox (Vulpes vulpes)
Authors: Alström Karin Margareta , Enlund Karolina Brunius , Pettersson Ann , Bonello Dea
Published: March 2024

Background
The aims of this study were to investigate dental anomalies, variations, and pathology in the Swedish red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Skulls from 55 free-ranging red foxes, all obtained through legal hunt, from the south and western parts of Sweden, were examined macroscopically and radiographically for dental anomalies, variations, and pathology.
Results:
Seventeenfoxes which corresponds to 31% of the foxes had an incomplete dentition. In total, 43 teeth were missing leaving 2267 out of 2310 teeth for examination.
The three most common macroscopic findings in the 2267 teeth where; attrition/abrasion (n=149, 6.5%), uncomplicated crown fractures (n=130, 5.7%) and enamel defects (n=49, 2.2%). The three most common radiographic findings were radicular developmental grooves (n=313, 13.8%), periapical radiolucency (n=134, 5.9%) and dilaceration (n=52, 2.3%). Malocclusions were found in four foxes. No deciduous teeth or mixed dentition were observed.
Conclusions:
Radicular grooves and dilacerations in tooth roots were common findings in the examined foxes and are to be considered as normal variations of tooth morphology rather than anomalies. As in many other carnivores, dental trauma was a common finding. Attrition, abrasion, uncomplicated and complicated crown fractures, and their consequences, may have adverse implications on the Swedish red fox´s ability to hunt, and on quality of life.
The Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Angiographic Results in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Increased Urinary Albumin Excretion Ratio
Authors: Mehrpooya Maryam , gharibzadeh Abdollah , Ebrahimi Pouya , Sattartabar Babak , Kheiltash Azita , Sadeghian Saeed , Sadeghian Mohammad , Ghasemi Massoud
Published: March 2024

Background: The association between vitamin D deficiency, proteinuria, and diabetic nephropathy has been shown. This study will examine the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and angiographic coronary artery disease (CAD) severity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increased Urinary Albumin/Creatinine Ratio (UACR).
Method: Patients with diabetes referred for coronary angiography were included in this study. Their baseline information was recorded, and the blood and urine samples were sent for laboratory evaluation. Patients then underwent angiography.
Results: The study included 129 patients. The mean age of the patients was 59.35 ±9.2 years old. A coronary angiography revealed that 62.8% of them had coronary artery involvement. Patients with CAD were divided into three groups: Single-vessel disease (SVD), two-vessel disease (2VD), and three-vessel disease (3VD), and their distribution was 20%, 17%, and 24%, respectively. Only 17.1% of patients had sufficient vitamin D levels, and 40% had vitamin D deficiency. There was a significant relationship between vitamin D deficiency and proteinuria, coronary artery involvement, and its severity. In patients with very severe vitamin D deficiency (vitamin D level <10), 77.8% of them had an elevated Urine Albumin/Creatinine ratio (UACR).
Conclusion:
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased proteinuria, the number of involved coronary vessels, and the severity of coronary artery stenosis. Therefore, it is recommended therapeutic and preventive role of vitamin D in improving and reducing renal and cardiovascular disease be investigated.
Early Hormone Administration and Antibiotic Treatment is Key to Managing Cutaneous Anthrax
Authors: luo xia , Ma lina , Zhou Yan , liu huijuan , Liu Shuai Wei , Jiang Cai Hong , Ding Xiang Chun
Published: March 2024

Background and ObAjectives: Anthrax is a global health concern, with cutaneous anthrax accounting for over 95% of cases and generally promising outcomes. Nonetheless, the absence of timely intervention can result in mortality rates of 10–40%. This research aims to explore the clinical presentations and phenotypic characteristics of cutaneous anthrax patients and evaluate the efficacy of various therapeutic approaches. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 76 cutaneous anthrax patients identified at three hospitals from 2017 to 2022. Patients were categorized based on their hospital stay into two groups: those hospitalized for at least seven days and those for shorter durations. We assessed their clinical and phenotypic profiles, including symptoms, general health status, and laboratory findings, alongside treatment outcomes, focusing on hormone therapy and antibiotic regimens. Results: The study encompassed 76 diagnosed individuals, predominantly young adult males (78.9%). A significant gender disparity was noted. Hormonal treatment markedly improved edema regression in patients (P < 0.002), highlighting its therapeutic value. The impact of various antibiotic treatments on disease progression differed significantly based on hormone treatment status, with specific combinations showing more effectiveness in non-hormone-treated patients. Conclusions: The predominance of young male adults among cutaneous anthrax cases was observed, with early hormone treatment significantly reducing edema duration. In cases where hormone therapy is not utilized, employing piperacillin-tazobactam alone or in combination with quinolones effectively shortens the illness duration, suggesting a tailored approach to treatment can enhance patient outcomes.
Memristor chip-enabled adaptive neuromorphic decoder for co-evolutional brain-computer interfaces
Authors: Wu Huaqiang , Liu Zhengwu , Mei Jie , Tang Jianshi , Xu Minpeng , Gao Bin , Wang Kun , Ding Sanchuan , Liu Qi , Qin Qi , Chen Weize , Xi Yue , Li Yijun , Yao Peng , Zhao Han , Wong Ngai , Qian He , Hong Bo , Jung Tzyy-Ping , Ming Dong
Published: March 2024

To fulfill complex human-machine interactions, a brain-computer interface (BCI) must not only decipher brain signals but also dynamically adapt to brain fluctuations, ultimately co-evolving with the brain. This necessitates a novel decoder capable of flexible updates with energy-efficient decoding capabilities. In this work, we designed a co-evolutional BCI with a neuromorphic decoder enabled by a 128k-cell memristor chip. By interacting with the brain, the decoder continuously updates its parameters, leading to the successful real-time control of a drone in 4 degrees of freedom (4-DOF) and enabling it to navigate around obstacles. Our approach featured a hardware-efficient one-step memristor decoding strategy, enabling the neuromorphic chip-equipped BCI to achieve decoding performance equivalent to software-based methods. Notably, it accomplished this at three orders of magnitude lower energy consumption and two orders of magnitude higher normalized speed than a central processing unit (CPU). Moreover, employing an interactive update framework, we showed the co-evolution of the brain-memristor decoder over an extended interaction task involving ten subjects. This resulted in a remarkable enhancement of BCI performance by nearly 20%, showcasing the substantial potential of memristor decoders in advancing BCIs. The study results also showed that the decoder initially played a dominant role in the co-evolution, but the brain learned as the process progressed. Eventually, a dynamic balance between the two emerged for decision-making. These findings lay the groundwork for developing future human-centric hybrid intelligence systems.
METTL3-mediated N6-methyladenosine modification of STAT5A promotes gastric cancer progression through regulating KLF4
Authors: Liu Zhifang , Zang Yichen , Tian Zhuangfei , Wang Dandan , Li Yaxuan , Zhang Wenhui , Ma Cunying , Liao Zhenzhi , Gao Wenrong , Qian Lilin , Xu Xia , Jia Jihui
Published: March 2024

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the predominant post-transcriptional RNA modification in eukaryotes, playing a pivotal regulatory role in various aspects of RNA fate determination, such as mRNA stability, alternative splicing, and translation. The dysregulation of critical m6A methyltransferase METTL3 is implicated in tumorigenesis and development. Here, this work shows that METTL3 is upregulated in gastric cancer tissues and associated with poor prognosis. Helicobacter pylori infection contributes to the increased expression of METTL3 in gastric cancer. Additionally, METTL3 methylates the A2318 site within the coding sequence (CDS) region of STAT5A, thereby enhancing STAT5A mRNA stability and protein expression. Furthermore, IGF2BP2 recognizes and binds METTL3-mediated m6A modification of STAT5A through its GXXG motif in KH3 and KH4 domains, leading to increased stability of STAT5A mRNA. Functional studies indicate that STAT5A overexpression remarkably enhances the proliferation and migration of GC cells, whereas STAT5A knockdown has inhibitory effects. Further nude mouse experiments show that STAT5A knockdown effectively inhibits the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer in vivo. Moreover, as a transcription factor, STAT5A represses KLF4 transcription by binding to its promoter region. The overexpression of KLF4 can counteract the oncogenic impact of STAT5A. Collectively, this study highlights the crucial role of m6A in gastric cancer and identifies potential targets for effectively controlling its progression.
Immunogenicity and cross-protective efficacy induced by delayed attenuated Salmonella with the regulated length of lipopolysaccharide in mice
Authors: Kong Qingke , Bian Xiaoping , Liu Qing , Chen Yaolin , Zhang Wenjin , Li Mengru , Zhang Xiaofen , Yang Liu , Liao Yonghong
Published: March 2024

Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica serovar (NTS) is a major global foodborne pathogen that poses a major public health concern worldwide, and no vaccines were available for protecting against infection of multiple Salmonella serotypes, therefore, the development of Salmonella vaccines to provide broad protection is valuable. In this work, we aimed to regulate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis of live Salmonella in vivo for exposing conserved protein antigens on the outer membrane while maintaining smooth LPS patterns in vitro to keep their original ability to invade host cells for inducing cross-protection against infection of multiple Salmonella serotypes. We generated a series of mutants defective in genes to affect the length of LPS. These mutants exhibit in vivo regulated-delayed attenuation and altered length of LPS, and all these mutants were derived from SW067 (DpagL7 DpagP81::Plpp lpxE DlpxR9 Dfur9) containing ∆pagP81::Plpp lpxE mutation to reduce their endotoxic activity. Animal experiments demonstrated that all regulated delayed attenuated mutants exhibited reduced ability to colonize the organs of the mice, and SW114 (waaI), SW116 (waaJ), SW118 (waaL), and SW120 (wbaP) induced a significant production of IgG and IgA against OMPs isolated from S. Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, and S. Choleraesuis. SW114 (waaI), SW116 (waaJ), and SW118 (waaL) were capable of conferring significant protection against infection of wild-type S. Enteritidis and S. Choleraesuis. In conclusion, regulated delayed attenuated Salmonella vaccines with the whole core oligosaccharides of LPS showed a good ability to expose conserved outer antigens and to trigger strong cross-immune responses against both homologous and heterologous Salmonella infections. These results give new insight into the development of the Salmonella vaccine against multiple serotypes of Salmonella.
Epigenetic regulation of H3K27me3 in laying hens with fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome induced by high-energy and low-protein diets
Authors: Cui Yong , Ru Meng , Wang Yujie , Weng Linjian , HAJI RAMLAT , Ru Meng , Zeng Qingjie , Wei Qing , Xie Xianhua , Yin Chao , Huang Jianzhen
Published: March 2024

Background：Fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome (FLHS) in the modern poultry industry is primarily caused by nutrition. Despite encouraging progress on FLHS, the mechanism through which nutrition influences susceptibility to FLHS is still lacking in terms of epigenetics.
Results: In this study, we analyzed the genome-wide patterns of trimethylated lysine residue 27 of histone H3 (H3K27me3) enrichment by chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq), and examined its association with transcriptomes in healthy and FLHS hens. The study results indicated that H3K27me3 levels were increased in the FLHS hens on a genome-wide scale. Additionally, H3K27me3 was found to occupy the entire gene and the distant intergenic region, which may function as silencer-like regulatory elements. The analysis of transcription factor (TF) motifs in hypermethylated peaks has demonstrated that 23 TFs are involved in the regulation of liver metabolism and development. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that differential expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in fatty acid metabolism, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolism. The hub gene identified from PPI network is fatty acid desaturase-like 1 (FADS1). Combined ChIP-seq and transcriptome analysis revealed that the increased H3K27me3 and down-regulated genes have significant enrichment in the ECM-receptor interaction, tight junction, cell adhesion molecules, adherens junction, and TGF-beta signaling pathways.
Conclusions: Overall, the trimethylation modification of H3K27 has been shown to have significant regulatory function in FLHS, mediating the expression of crucial genes associated with the ECM-receptor interaction pathway. This highlights the epigenetic mechanisms of H3K27me3 and provides insights into exploring core regulatory targets and nutritional regulation strategies in FLHS.
Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate for vascular calcification: animal experiments and a meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Wei , Gong Lifeng , Tang Weigang , Jiang Wei , Lu Guoyuan
Published: March 2024

Background: The purpose of our study was to explore the effect of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate (N-BP) on vascular calcification (VC) by animal experiments and a meta-analysis.
Methods: In our animal experiments, the SD rats were randomly divided into control group, VC group, low-dose Zoledronic acid (ZOL) group (20ug/kg) and high-dose ZOL group (100ug/kg). The calcification of aortic arch was detected by alizarin red staining. The calcium content of aortic arch was detected. In our meta-analysis, databases including PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI , Wanfang database were searched from the inception to December 20th, 2023. Eligible studies comparing N-BP versus no N-BP in the treatment of VC were included.
Results: In our animal experiment, compared with the VC group, the red-stained calcification structure in the low-dose ZOL group were slightly reduced, and the red-stained calcification structure in the high-dose ZOL group were significantly reduced. The calcium content in the low-dose ZOL group was slightly lower than that in the VC group, but there was no statistical difference(P > 0.05).The calcium content in the high-dose ZOL group was significantly lower than that in the VC group(P < 0.05). Our meta-analysis from human studies showed that N-BP did not reduce arterial calcification score(P > 0.05). Our meta-analysis from animal studies showed that N-BP did not reduce arterial calcification score significantly(P > 0.05), but N-BP reduce arterial calcification area, arterial calcium and PO4 content(P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Our animal experiment revealed that high-dose ZOL inhibited VC, but low-dose ZOL did not inhibit VC significantly. Our meta-analysis from humans studies revealed that N-BP was not effective for the treatment of VC, but Our meta-analysis result from animal studies was inclined to supporting the role of N-BP in inhibiting VC.
Determinants of late recovery following elective colorectal surgery. Late recovery within ERAS pathway
Authors: Ceresoli Marco , Ripamonti Lorenzo , Pedrazzani Corrado , Pellegrino Luca , Tamini Nicolò , Totis Mauro , Braga Marco
Published: March 2024

Background. Despite the application of enhanced recovery protocol a considerable proportion of patients has a late recovery. The identification of possible determinants of late recovery might be crucial to implement perioperative protocols and to plan tailored pathways.
Objective. The aim of this study is to identify possible determinants of late recovery.
Design.Retrospective observational study based on a prospectively collected dedicated register.
Setting.22 Italian hospital with high volume colorectal surgery and trained in enhanced recovery protocols.
Patients.Patients with elective colorectal resection for cancer of benign disease.
Main outcome measures. Recovery on postoperative day two.
Results. A total of 1536 patients were included in the analysis. The overall median adherence to preoperative and intraoperative enhanced recovery protocols item was 75.0% (66.6%- 83.3%). A late recovery was observed in 488 (31.8%) patients. Multiple regression analysis showed that six enhanced recovery protocols items had an independent positive impact on postoperative recovery: pre-admission counseling (OR 2.596), preoperative carbohydrate drink (OR 1.948), intraoperative fluid infusions <7mL/kg/h (OR 1.662), avoiding thoracic epidural analgesia(OR 2.137), removal of naso-gastric tube at the end of surgery (OR 4.939) and successful laparoscopy (OR 2.341). The late recovery rate progressively declined with the increasing adherence to these six positive items reaching 13.0% when all the items were applied (r= -0.99 p<0.001).
Limitations. Retrospective analysis of a register including data from many different centers and the large case mix of patients.
Conclusions: The implementation of identified items by the multiprofessional staff seems crucial to enhance the short-term recovery following colorectal surgery.
Effect of LncRNA LOC106505926 on Myogenesis and Lipogenesis of Porcine Primary cells
Authors: Shi Mingyue , Yang Shuai , Zhao Xiaolei , Sun Di , Li Yifei , Yang Jingxian , Li Meng , Cai Chunbo , Guo Xiaohong , Li Bugao , Lu Chang , Cao Guoqing
Published: March 2024

Background
Skeletal muscle development and fat deposition have important effects on meat quality. The study of regulating skeletal muscle development and fat deposition is of great significance in improving carcass quality and meat quality. In the present study, RNA sequencing was performed on the longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) of Jinfen White pigs at 1, 90, and 180 days of age.
Results
The results showed that a total of 245 differentially expressed miRNAs were screened, which may be involved in the regulation of myogenesis. Among them, compared with 1-day-old group, miR-22-5p was significantly up-regulated in 90-day-old group and 180-day-old group. Functional studies demonstrated that miR-22-5p inhibited the proliferation and differentiation of porcine skeletal muscle satellite cells (PSCs). Bioinformatics predicted that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LOC106505926 and CXXC5 gene had strong negative correlations with miR-22-5p. The LOC106505926 and CXXC5 were proven to promote the proliferation and differentiation of PSCs, as opposed to miR-22-5p. In terms of mechanism, LOC106505926 functions as a molecular sponge of miR-22-5p to modulate the expression of CXXC5, thereby inhibits the differentiation of PSCs. In addition, LOC106505926 regulates the differentiation of porcine preadipocytes through direct binding with FASN.
Conclusions
Collectively, our results highlight the multifaceted regulatory role of LOC106505926 in controlling skeletal muscle and adipose tissue development in pigs and provide new targets for improving the quality of livestock products by regulating skeletal muscle development and fat deposition.
The mutual effect of dental caries on NAFLD and liver fibrosis: Results from the NHANES and MR study
Authors: Huang Yanqiu , Wang Xiaoyu , Wang Wenhui , Yang Yang , Shi Wentao , Li Xiaoguang , Wang Hui
Published: March 2024

Background & Aims: Dental caries and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) overlap in risk factors and etiology, but the relationship remains unexplored.. Methods 6650 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2017–2020 were included. Two multivariable logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the relationship among untreated dental caries (UDC) and liver conditions of NAFLD and fibrosis, with adjustments for demographics, lifestyle and medical history. Further more, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was performed with caries as exposure and NAFLD with NAFLD-related conditions as outcome, and vice versa for bidirectional causality validation. Results In the observational research, UDCs were notably associated with NAFLD (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.06–1.86) and significant fibrosis (SF) (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.03–1.62). NAFLD and SF showed significant associations with UDCs (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.08–1.83; OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.26–2.08). In MR analysis, dental caries had an insignificant risk towards liver conditions. In contrast, caries were insignificantly protected by liver conditions. Conclusions Observational studies suggested a significant association between UDC and liver conditions of NAFLD and fibrosis. However, MR suggested an insignificant causal relationship of caries with liver conditions; reversely, liver conditions had a protective effect on caries.