bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flight control of a hexa-rotor airship: Uncertainty quantification for a range of temperature and pressure conditions
Authors: Santos Davi , Cunha Jr Americo
Published: September 2024

The present paper is concerned with the dynamic modeling and design of control laws for a small non-rigid multi-rotor airship constituted of an oblate-spheroid helium balloon coupled with an electric-powered hexa-rotor airframe. The vehicle is assumed to operate in windless and low-speed conditions. A six-degree-of-freedom nonlinear dynamic model is derived for it using the Newton–Euler approach and considering, among other efforts, a restoring torque due to the displacement of the balloon’s center of buoyancy above the vehicle’s center of mass and the added-mass effect resulting from the air–structure interaction. Using the derived model and assuming a time-scale separation between the translational and rotational dynamics, the attitude and position control laws are designed separately from each other. Both laws are formulated using feedback linearization combined with control input saturation within appropriate parallelepipedal sets, which are carefully chosen to respect pre-defined bounds on the control torque, control force and maximum inclination angle. The effect of temperature and pressure fluctuations is taken into account through a parametric probabilistic approach, where Maximum Entropy Principle is used to construct a physically consistent stochastic model and Monte Carlo method is used as the stochastic solver to propagate the uncertainties through the system. Extensive simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control system and quantify the uncertainty of its performance over a wide range of local temperature and pressure.
Tresca vs. von Mises: Which failure criterion is more conservative in a probabilistic context?
Authors: Cunha Jr Americo , Yanik Yasar , Olivieri Carlo , Da Silva Samuel
Published: September 2024

This tutorial examines the failure theories of Tresca and von Mises, both of which are crucial for designing metallic structures. Conventionally, Tresca is regarded as more conservative than von Mises from a deterministic perspective. This tutorial, however, introduces a different viewpoint, presenting a scenario where von Mises' theory may appear more conservative when variability in the mechanical system parameters is considered. This often overlooked aspect is not extensively addressed in standard textbooks on solid mechanics and the strength of materials. The tutorial aims to shed light on the non-negligible probability where von Mises' criterion yields a smaller equivalent stress than Tresca, thus being more conservative. It underscores the importance of integrating probabilistic considerations into stress analyses of solids, offering valuable insights for the education of structural mechanics.
Who benefits? Discourse analysis of the national policy documents on digitalisation
Authors: Rotar Olga
Published: September 2024

This paper uses a Foucauldian approach in analysing policy documents pertaining to the digitalisation of higher education in Russia. The analysis revealed that Russian digitalisation discourse privileges certain kinds of knowledge required to serve the development of the modernised national economy. State supervisory power, realised through centralised monitoring and control, is embedded in the model of digitalised governance to ensure monitoring of the digital maturity of educational institutions. Within the digitalisation discourse, academics occupy a position requiring continuous professional legitimisation. Thus, digital transformation stimulates the emergence of the infrastructure of disciplined self-management in relation to staff professional development. The analysis emphasises ethical issues of Russia’s higher education digitalisation, revealing the power dynamics within Russia’s HE digitalisation discourse with selective referencing to policy documents. The use of a postcolonial lens highlights the continuation of the Soviet-style centralised power approach to Russia’s higher education digital transformation.
Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Devdaha Village Development Community of Rupandehi District
Authors: Giri Surendra
Published: September 2024

The main purpose of the study is to find out the prevalence of tuberculosis in the community. This study provides data to generate a demographic and socioeconomic profile of the population in sixteen villages of the Devdaha VDC. Secondary data were collected from the District Health Office (DPHO) and National Tuberculosis Centre (NTC). On the basis of community survey, the prevalence rate in the year 2004 was 3.88 per thousand persons. It was also found that the number of TB cases varied from the rich economic category, 0.93 per thousand in the middle and 19.52 per thousand among very-poor section of the population. This study also shows that estimated sputum-positive TB cases of prevalence rate ranged from 3.00 to 11.60 per thousand. Prevalence of all forms of TB in Rupandehi district is estimated to range from 12.59 to 48.74 per thousand using community survey data and available studies.
Instructional Methods for Teaching Social Studies: A Survey of What Primary School Children Like and Dislike about Social Studies Instruction
Authors: Shah Rajendra Kumar
Published: September 2024

Sufficient research studies are not conducted in the field of primary level social studies curriculum pertaining to effective instructional pedagogy. At the same time, research studies conducted in the field of primary level social studies fail to take into account one very important variable: How do the primary school children enjoy learning social studies? This paper is a survey research study designed to see what a group of primary school children liked and disliked about social studies instruction. By asking the questions the researcher hope to gain a better understanding of primary school children' preferences, attitudes and perceptions of social studies instruction. The major objective of this study is to gain a better understanding of what instructional methods the students enjoy in the social studies classroom. The findings of this study will be help for teacher in selection of proper teaching learning strategies.
Academic Disciplines and Learning Style Preferences of students in graduate level
Authors: Chaudhary Nathu Ram
Published: September 2024

Learning styles preference is the vital aspect for teaching learning process. This paper mainly focuses on determining the learning styles of first year graduate students of Tikapur Multiple Campus and examining the relationship between students' Learning style preferences (LSPs) and their faculty as well as gender. The instrument, Index of Learning Styles (ILS), is administered to 112 randomly selected students. As for the data analysis, descriptive statistics portrays the frequencies, percentages; the chi square test is conducted to see whether students' LSPs differ according to faculties and the Crosstabs procedure is conducted to investigate whether the LSPs of the students at TMC differ according to their gender. The results indicate that there is no significant difference between students' LSPs and faculty except understanding dimension. Revealing what the learning style preferences of the first year graduate students of TMC and through this research. Therefore, it will be helpful for further research and pedagogical implications for the teachers to match their teaching with their students.
Deciphering Familiar Conundrum of Cerebral Salt Wasting Syndrome vs Syndrome of Inappropriate Secretion of Antidiuretic Hormone and Establishing Role of Hyponatremia in Patients of Tuberculous Meningitis as a Predictor of Outcome.
Authors: Kulwant Singh  , Yadav Vikrant
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Hyponatremia is one of the most common electrolyte abnormalities [35-71%] associated with tuberculous meningitis [TBM]. It is an independent predictor of patient outcome. Cerebral salt wasting syndrome [CSWS] and syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormones [SIADH] are two common causes of hyponatremia in patients with TBM. This study targets patients with tuberculous meningitis to provide a detailed analysis of hyponatremia in TBM patients and it’s predictive value in terms of outcome and also describes the distinguishing features of CSWS and SIADH.
Materials and methods: This was a clinical, prospective study of 31 patients with TBM in which various parameters were analysed . Serial sodium levels were recorded on the day of admission, day 2, 7 and 28. Patients with hyponatremia were divided into CSWS and SIADH.
Results: In this study, 24[77.42%] patients had hyponatremia. In 14 [58%], hyponatremia was due to CSWS and in 10[42%] of the patients with hyponatremia it was SIADH. Hyponatremia was related to disease severity, GCS score, hospital stay, ventilator stay and patient outcome. CSWS was more strongly associated with disease severity than SIADH.
Conclusion: Hyponatremia is a common electrolyte imbalance in patients with TBM and a direct and valid predictor of disease outcome. CSWS should be differentiated from SIADH due to the different treatment strategies.
Management of mild Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
Authors: Sharma Krishna
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Most of the elderly individuals with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) suffer from a progressive, and irreversible spinal cord dysfunction and pain. The incidence is rising in tandem with the ageing population. Due to its debilitating effects on a person's physical, mental, and social aspects, it is quickly becoming a public health issue. Therefore, the primary objective is to diagnose the condition in its milder form, prevent its progression, and treat the symptoms aggressively. This article discusses the management of mild CSM, including our experiences, difficulties, current state of knowledge, and potential future developments.
Methodology: From the patients presenting with neck pain in the OPD, those with mild CSM according to modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) scoring system were selected. Their disabilities were studies with commonly used scoring systems like Nurick grading, Neck Disability Index (NDI), and quality of life with SF-36v2. Only the degenerative cases were included, and other pathologies were excluded. Classical cervical disc prolapse with radiculopathy was also not included. Conservative management was initiated in all these patients and followed up for the improvement or deterioration.
Results: With the above selection criteria, 235 patients with mild CSM were included in the studies. There were 186 males and 49 females with ages ranging from 42 to 78 years. The clinical profiles were studied. The major signs and symptoms were neck pain, disturbed dexterity of hands, imbalance on walking and exaggerated reflexes. The impairments were stratified and found that the average mJOA score was 16.2, Nurick score was 2.8 and NDI was 33.6. The quality of life was judged using SF-36v2 and was 39.7. The patients were monitored for three, six, twelve, and twenty-four months with conservative care. The follow up was very poor and only 46 out of the total 235 patients could be followed up to two years. Thus the result obtained could not derive any significant information. The symptoms like pain significantly reduced and there was improvement in overall scores including the quality of life. There were no case of deterioration during the conservative treatment. Thus, there was no discernible advancement that called for surgery.
Conclusion: Mild CSM is a common, under diagnosed and usually ignored entity which affects big portion of elderly population. It specifically impacts the mental and social aspects that impairs one's quality of life, as well as the functional and emotional aspects. They are initially being treated conservatively and closely monitored for signs of worsening and advancement. Most of the patients respond to conservative treatment but those having risk factors for progression and bad prognosis, should remain vigilant of any features of deterioration. The treatment plan must be timely modified if a patient's clinical condition deteriorates preventing life-long sufferings.
Customers Perception on Banking Communication in Development Banks of Kathmandu Valley: Evidence from Structural Equation Modelling
Authors: Thakur Jay Shankar , Paudel Udaya Raj
Published: September 2024

Background: Effective communication is vital in banking, influencing customer satisfaction and the overall success of banking operations. While global research on banking communication is extensive, studies specific to Nepalese development banks are limited.
Objective: The study aims to analyze how customers perceive the communication strategies employed by development banks, identifying challenges and providing recommendations for improvement.
Method: An explanatory research design was used, with data collected from 281 customers using KOBO Toolbox and structured questionnaires. The data was analyzed using SPSS, AMOS, and Excel, with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) applied for inferential analysis.
Result: The study found that both formal and informal communication methods are widely used by development banks. However, major challenges include a lack of proper knowledge in digital communication, inadequate communication technology, and ineffective communication strategies. Despite these challenges, good communication was identified as a key factor in customer satisfaction and loyalty.
Conclusion: The study concludes that while banking communication is generally effective, there are significant areas for improvement, particularly in digital communication and strategy formulation. Banks are recommended to adopt user-friendly communication technologies, train employees in communication skills, and conduct educational campaigns for customers. By addressing these issues, banks can enhance customer satisfaction and build stronger relationships with their clientele.
Paper Types: Research Paper
Key words: Banking Communication, Customer's Perception, Loyalty, Trust, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), Development Bank, Kathmandu Valley.
JEL classification: D83, G21, O14, C39, G53
Decolonising Solidarity?
Authors: Garbe Sebastian
Published: September 2024

While the 50th anniversary of the coup d’état against the government of Salvador Allende in Chile invites to reflect on past and current experiences of solidarity between Latin America and Europe, the present contribution seeks to foreground the rather overlooked international solidarity efforts of and with the indigenous Mapuche. As a result of their forced exile to Europe after 1973, Mapuche activists began to organise themselves as a diasporic community in Europe and to form a transnational advocacy network in support of their people. This contribution aims to showcase how international solidarity of and with the Mapuche in Europe evolved over time, how they relate to non-indigenous, Chilean solidarity networks, and which underlying Mapuche notions of solidarity they reactivate in order to weave their transnational advocacy network.
Analysis of the content of heavy metal ions in the coastal zones of the northern part of the Apsheron peninsula
Authors: Aliyeva N.T. , Sadigov R.A. , Mamedova R.I. , Ibadova S.Y.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to studies of heavy metal pollution of the soil cover of the coastal zones of the northern part of the Apsheron Peninsula. Pollution of the coastal zones of the Caspian Sea, serving to a greater extent as a recreational area for the population, by toxic substances is of great concern and to solve this problem, periodic studies of these zones for the presence of heavy metals are necessary. For the first time, a comparative analysis of the content of heavy metals in different areas (Buzovna, Sumgait, Novkhany) of the northern part of the Apsheron peninsula was carried out and the presumable causes of their accumulation were outlined. The researched soils in the northwestern and northeastern part of the peninsula were grouped according to the degree of concentration of heavy metals depending on the depth of the researched soils. Zinc (77.0 mg/kg, at 0–16 cm depth, transect №03), copper, and cadmium (88 mg/kg and 0.36 mg/kg at 0–20 cm depth, transect №05) had the highest concentrations relative to other trace elements. Concentrations of zinc and copper in the northwestern direction of the peninsula increase by 1.5 and 3–3.5 times, respectively, as compared with the generally accepted norms. Average content of heavy metals, especially Ni, Cd, Pb in flooded soils at the depth of 0–100 cm increased 2.7 times on average as a result of coastal flooding by waters of Caspian Sea. The value of total heavy metals reaches a maximum in the northwestern direction.
Analysis of conditions related to diabetic foot in the pre and post COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil
Authors: Ramos Borges Wagner
Published: September 2024

With the COVID-19 pandemic, an exacerbation of hospitalizations due to diabetic foot was noted in Brazil, which was due to the loss of access to primary health care by the population, especially the most economically disadvantaged in a country with a vast continental extension and very unequal, economically. We carried out an observational, retrospective and descriptive analysis of hospital data on hospitalization for diabetic foot treatment, using SIH/SUS and DataSUS between 2015 and 2023. Mortality, length of stay, costs, nature of care and demographic distribution of procedures were analyzed. During the period, 196,523 hospitalizations were recorded for the treatment of complicated diabetic foot. In addition, 5,711 cases of deaths were associated with a fatality rate of 0.54%. In relation to financial expenditure, the Northeast Region stood out with the highest expenditure rate. The most socially vulnerable regions had higher hospitalization and mortality rates, although there was little change in financial resources during the pre- and post-pandemic period. This situation highlights the need to promote greater regional equity in indicators and access to health to minimize preventable problems such as UPD. Situations such as the one experienced in the COVID-19 pandemic served to highlight the shortcomings of the country's health system and how the health-disease process is strongly linked to local socioeconomic conditions, making it necessary to promote collective health measures aimed at minimizing disparities regions in Brazilian territory. The lack of data collected by the health event registration system in the country constitutes a limitation in the present study, which makes us suggest greater rigor and diversity in the collection of information in order to better translate the reality of the data presented here.
The Inverse Association between Testosterone Replacement Therapy and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Systematic 25-year Review and Meta-Analysis Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies from 1999 to 2024
Authors: Yin Vieira Borges Julian
Published: September 2024

Background: Testosterone deficiency in men has historically been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including myocardial infarction, heart failure, and mortality. The potential benefits of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on cardiovascular outcomes remain controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate if there could be potential benefits of TRT on cardiovascular disease risk and, if so, uncover the underlying mechanisms. Methods: A comprehensive literature search for Level A evidence in multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library) was conducted, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), systematic reviews, meta-analyses, cohort studies, review articles and experimental studies published between 1999 and 2024 that investigated the association between TRT and cardiovascular outcomes in men. The primary outcome was the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular mortality. Secondary outcomes included changes in ejection fraction, lipid profiles, side effects, and other cardiovascular risk factors. Results: From 3,727 records identified using the selected criteria, a total of 51 studies were selected for the meta-analysis, comprising 4 RCTs, 9 cohort studies, 6 experimental studies, 23 review articles, 4 systematic reviews, and 5 meta-analyses, with a combined sample size of approximately 3,134,054 men. The findings from the meta-analysis suggests an 18% reduction in the risk of cardiovascular events among men receiving TRT compared to those receiving a placebo. TRT was found to be associated with significant improvements in ejection fraction, lipid profiles (reduction in total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and other cardiovascular risk factors, including insulin resistance and inflammatory markers. Potential mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of TRT include improvements in endothelial function, vasodilation, and myocardial remodeling. Subgroup analyses revealed that the beneficial effects of TRT were more pronounced in men with established cardiovascular disease or risk factors, such as diabetes or metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis of high-quality evidence suggest that testosterone deficiency is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Conversely, TRT is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular events, particularly in men with pre-existing cardiovascular disease or risk factors. TRT was linked to a reduced risk of MACE, improved ejection fraction, and favorable changes in lipid profiles and other cardiovascular risk factors. Despite the relatively large sample size, further long-term studies are needed to confirm these findings and establish optimal dosing and monitoring strategies for TRT in cardiovascular disease prevention.
Estudio de las características y funcionalidades de la comunidad interactiva en Waze
Authors: Palacio Bernad Victor Ignacio
Published: September 2024

Introducción: El estudio se ha llevado a cabo mediante una revisión bilbiográfica de la literatura existente, para poder tener una buena base sobre la que trabajar a la hora de realizar el análisis empírico. De este modo, se analizaron conceptos como los sistemas de navegación, las aplicaciones y sus tipologías, que servían como antecedentes y para contextualizar a Waze. Metodología: Para realizar el estudio se ha llevado a cabo una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura existente. Posteriormente, se ha realizado un estudio de la aplicación mediante un análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo, elaborando una tabla maestra que permite catalogar las características y funcionalidades de la comunidad de Waze. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que existen diferentes tipos de usuarios, a los cuales se fideliza por medio de recompensas que les posicionan. Discusión: En este estudio se ha llevado a cabo un análisis sobre el papel de los usuarios en Waze y como participa la comunidad en la aplicación. Conclusiones: tras el análisis se confirma que la comunidad colabora tanto en el desarrollo de la aplicación, como en el funcionamiento de esta, participando como informadores, verificadores y creadores de contenido.
Experiences of Non-Nursing College Students in Accessing Health Information Online
Authors: B. Orias Jessica , B. Muksan Diana Jane , V. Sialana Czequinnah , O Poblete Mae-Lanie , T. Seno Reya , R. Santillana Lynuel
Published: September 2024

Background: With the rapid growth of information and communication technology, the Internet has become a prevalent platform for seeking health information globally, with the Philippines ranking 10th in Internet usage. Hence, understanding the experiences of college students in accessing and evaluating such information is crucial. Objective: This study aimed to explore the lived experience of non-nursing college students with their health information-seeking behaviour and perceptions of source credibility on the internet. Methods: This study used a qualitative research design utilizing a phenomenological approach. Semi-structured interviews were used with sixteen (16) non-nursing participants through a purposive sampling technique. Colaizzi's method was employed for data analysis with the aid of in vivo software. Results: The following were the emergent themes: (1) experiences and behaviours related to seeking health information online; (2) challenges and preferences in seeking health information online; (3) the impact of online health information on healthcare decisions; and (4) the credibility of online health information sources. Conclusion: The study's findings highlight the convenience, accessibility, and cost-effectiveness of online platforms as significant factors driving the use of the Internet for health information among non-nursing college students. However, they face challenges like information overload, conflicting sources, accuracy concerns, technical language barriers, and the risks of self-diagnosis. Hence, the study emphasised the need to enhance information filtering, promote information literacy, ensure localised information, and improve accessibility and clarity.
Characteristics and Status of Treatment for Multi-Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDRTB) Patients in a TB-DOTS Centre in the Province of Jolo, Sulu, Philippines
Authors: M. Salve Mardalyne , Pangandaman Hamdoni
Published: September 2024

Background: The study focuses on the characteristics and status of treatment for multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) at the TB-DOTS Centres of Jolo Sulu from 2018 to 2019. Objective: The study's primary goal is to describe and investigate MDRTB treatment characteristics and status, as well as identify factors that influence treatment. Methods: A mixed-methods research design through an explanatory sequential approach was used. The quantitative approach employed data mining of existing and available data records of MDR-TB clients at respective health centres at Jolo and Sulu and tools assessing factors influencing treatment. The qualitative approach was done through interviews with the MDR-TB clients, and total remuneration and purposive sampling were applied in selecting participants. The data gathered were presented using frequency and percentage distribution and processed using SPSS v.21, and themes and subthemes were extracted and analyzed using In-Vivo qualitative software. Results: MDR-TB clients were mostly mid-adults and heads of families, with a treatment history focusing more on pulmonary relapse (the first line of defense) and poor treatment outcomes. The factors that influenced treatment were financial constraints, lack of knowledge, distance, transportation, and work. Themes derived include contagious yet treatable disease, challenging family socio-economic status, role justification, and treatment centres as havens. Conclusion: The study highlights the need for a comprehensive assessment of the status of the health condition of TB clients and patients enrolled at the TB-DOTS centre of Jolo Sulu. Nursing plays a vital role in managing and treating TB in these areas. The findings suggest that financial constraints, lack of knowledge, and access to treatment are significant barriers to MDRTB treatment. The study emphasizes the need for interventions to improve TB treatment outcomes and reduce the burden of MDRTB in the community.
The Relationship between Eating Attitudes, Body Image Appreciation and their Impact on Self-Esteem among Youth Community in Muar, Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Razman Nur Fatin Zulaikha , Mohamed Karim Nur Farhana , Ahmad Sharoni Siti Khuzaimah
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Self-esteem is a major determinant of an individual's body image. Self-esteem issues can lead to inferior body images, which in turn increase the risk of disordered eating. This study will fill a gap in the relationship between eating attitudes, body image appreciation, and their impact on self-esteem among the Muar youth population. Objective: The study aimed to examine the relationship between eating attitudes and body image appreciation and self-esteem among the youth community in Muar. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional study design. A sample of 384 youths aged 18 to 35 years old was selected using a convenience sampling method. An online survey with bilingual questions in Malay and English was distributed for data collection. The study consisted of four sections: demographic data, the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26), the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Results: The results indicated that the Muar youth community had good eating attitudes (14.27 ± 12.92), moderately good body self-appreciation (36.70 ± 8.40), and a moderate self-esteem score (17.32 ± 4.40). The regression results proved there was a significant relationship between eating attitudes and body self-appreciation towards self-esteem (p < 0.05), in which oral control and body appreciation were the predictors for self-esteem. Conclusion: The findings contributed to new knowledge regarding the pattern of eating attitudes and body image appreciation, as well as providing an understanding of self-esteem. The relationship showed that the reduction of oral control attitudes and the rise in body image appreciation would have an impact on improving self-esteem.
Knowledge about Type 1 Diabetes in Children among Nursing Students of the University of Mosul, Iraq
Authors: Ibrahim Rian Mahmood , Idrees Nada Hani , Younis Nasir Muwfaq
Published: September 2024

Background: A metabolic condition known as diabetes mellitus (DM) is defined by a shortfall in insulin secretion or activity, which leads to hyperglycemia. Type I, type II, and gestational diabetes are the three main subtypes of diabetes mellitus. Objective: To determine the knowledge of nurses’ students about type 1 diabetes in children. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted to evaluate the nursing students at the University of Mosul's understanding of diabetes type 1 in children. The student's information was gathered between January 2, 2023, and January 15, 2023. A total of 152 samples were collected during the research. Data was collected using a questionnaire constructed based on previous studies and related to the literature, which consisted of 22 questions. Data were entered and analyzed using the statistics program. Results: The knowledge of the students at the College of Nursing was relatively good, but not at a high level; the educational level of 152 students was “79.6%” acceptable, “18.4%” good, and “1.9%” poor. In the present study, the males and females were approximately equal. Conclusion: The students' knowledge of the signs and symptoms was good, indicating that they are well-informed about diabetes and motivated to explore ways to reduce the disease as well as treatment
News Framing of Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan on Tolo News Web TV and Afghanistan International Web TV
Authors: Alkozai bdul Rahman , Khan Rooh Ul Amin , Khan Bin Yamin
Published: September 2024

Late 2021 saw a significant change in global politics when the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban) came into existence after the fall of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Countries across the globe did not recognize this new government because they had not yet considered the demands of the international community regarding girls' education, Inclusive government, women's work, and freedom of speech. This study aims to understand how Afghanistan International Television and TOLO News framed the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in their web-based news from April to July 2022. The findings reveal key contrasts in news outlining and obtaining. TOLO News emphasized responsibility and frequently quoted IEA officials, AITV primarily utilized a conflict frame and focused on the economic implications. The discoveries demonstrate that TOLO News kept a nonpartisan position, while AITV showed a dominatingly negative inclination against the IEA.
The History of Polyarchion (πολυάρχιον), John Chrysostom’s Illness, and Access to Medicinal Treatments at the End of Late Antiquity
Authors: Rzeźnicka Zofia , Kokoszko Maciej
Published: September 2024

John Chrysostom’s (c. 347‑407) works are valuable for medical historians because they provide us with a first-hand insight into his health problems and the therapies he was treated with. John’s correspondence gives us a unique opportunity to assess the popularity of certain drugs and the availability of healthcare, enabling us to verify the extant medical data. In the present study we will discuss the information on Chrysostom’s illness including his mention of a medicament named polyarchion (πολυάρχιον) which had been sent to the archbishop by Carteria. On the basis of the recipes preserved in medical treatises by Galen as well as other medical data, we will introduce the main properties of the medicine and treatments in which it was administered. Having outlined the scope of its action, and having analysed the symptoms of Chrysostom’s condition described in his correspondence to Olympias, we will establish the nature of the ecclesiastic’s main ailments fully. Finally, we will also conclude on the drug’s availability in the Byzantine world and on the inclusion of drug formulas in early Byzantine medical works.
Identification of John and Matthew in Some Nubian Paintings of Twelve Apostles
Authors: Łaptaś Magdalena
Published: September 2024

This paper aims to show how, in certain Nubian paintings depicting apostolic colleges, the evangelists John and Matthew can be identified by the attributes they hold, namely books. Theoretically, a book is an attribute that can define many figures involved in writing or preaching, such as saints (especially bishops in Nubian paintings), apostles, evangelists and Christ. However, in these particular paintings I am describing, only two of the apostles are holding books and these are the evangelists John and Matthew. The other apostles hold rotuli, while Peter is singled out through the key. My argument is based not only on the attributes, but also on an analysis of other elements such as the position of the apostles in the whole college, their physiognomic types, and finally the surviving inscriptions. However, we should remember that not all Nubian paintings are preserved intact. In many cases, large fragments of figures, including their faces, are missing.Therefore, several elements must be taken into consideration during the interpretationof the content of the paintings. The research I have carried out can be helpful inidentifying the individual figures that make up the apostolic college. It also shows howNubian iconographers consciously used the language of symbols by differentiatingbetween the earthly and heavenly hierarchies.
Motyw "torcular Christi" i jego reminiscencje w średniowiecznej poezji liturgicznej
Authors: Gacia Tadeusz
Published: September 2024

W opracowaniu przedstawiono reminiscencje motywu torcular Christi w poezji liturgicznej średniowiecza na tle świadectw jego obecności w pismach Ojców Kościoła i autorów późniejszych wieków. Źródłem motywu jest tekst Księgi Izajasza 63,1-3, odnoszony do Chrystusa na zasadzie alegorii. Winne grono to Chrystus, a tłocznia to Jego krzyż – torcular Christi. Od późnej starożytności tekst Izajasza był czytany we Mszy w Wielką Środę oraz stanowił część oficjum brewiarzowego w piątek po trzeciej niedzieli Wielkiego Postu. Sprawiało to, że obraz torcular Christi odciskał się w świadomości wiernych, wychodząc poza liturgię – także w świat sztuki i poezji. Autor artykułu odnosi się do jedenastu utworów poetyckich, w których w różnym zakresie (w całym utworze lub w jakimś fragmencie) znajdują się reminiscencje motywu tłoczni. Są to teksty Piotra Abelarda, Piotra Czcigodnego - opata Cluny, Piotra Damiani, Filipa Kanclerza i Adama ze św. Wiktora oraz twórców anonimowych. W aneksie opracowania zamieszczono tekst oryginalny i dokonany przez autora przekład na język polski komentowanych tekstów źródłowych.
Did Eustathius the Philosopher Become Eustathius of Sebastea? A Contribution to Federico Fatti’s Hypothesis
Authors: Przyszychowska Marta
Published: September 2024

In 2009, Federico Fatti published a hypothesis that Eustathius the Philosopher, described by Eunapius, converted to Christianity and became bishop of Sebastea and master to Basil the Great. In my article I present Fatti’s hypothesis and solve three important problems that he left unclear: the place of birth of two Eustathiuses, the problem of Letter 35 by Julian and the mystery of the year 358, when Eustathius of Sebastea was already bishop and Eustathius the Philosopher is believed to have been sent by the emperor to Persia despite his Hellenic faith. When those issues that could challenge Fatti’s thesis have been clarified, his claim, I think, gains plausibility close to certainty. The identification of two Eustathiuses helps explain certain mysteries in the life of Eustathius the Philosopher and some peculiar features of the ascetic movement initiated by Eustathius of Sebastea. It is also a milestone in understanding the teaching of the Cappadocian Fathers as it provides us with a direct link between them and Neoplatonism and more specifically its Syrian branch initiated by Iamblichus.
Fortunacjana z Akwilei "Komentarz do Ewangelii"
Authors: Kasprzak Dariusz Antoni
Published: September 2024

Austriacki patrolog i filolog Lukas Julius Dorfbauer w zbiorach biblioteki katedralnej w Kolonii w kodeksie 17 (K: Köln, Erzbischofl. Diozesan- und Dombibl. 17, s. IX1/4) odkrył anonimowy komentarz do Ewangelii Mateusza. Dorfbauer wykazał, że odnaleziony komentarz, datowany na początek IV wieku to zaginiony przez ponad 1600 lat Fortunatianus Aquileiensis Commentarii in evangelia. W 2013 Dorfbauer ogłosił swe odkrycie oraz rozpoczął prace nad edycją krytyczną tekstu, którą wydał w 2017 r. w CSEL 103. Komentarz Fortunacjana stanowił prawdopodobnie pomoc egzegetyczną dla duchowieństwa Akwilei na początku IV wieku. Bp Akwilei pisząc go opierał się na (obecnie zaginionym) komentarzu do ewangelii opracowanym pod koniec III wieku przez Wiktoryna z Poetovium (250–304). Wspomniane komentarze są dowodem udanej recepcji egzegezy alegorycznej Orygenesa w Kościele Zachodnim na przełomie III i IV wieku.
Eschatologiczny wymiar "Traktatu do Psalmu 118" biskupa Hilarego z Poitiers
Authors: Kieling Michał
Published: September 2024

Hilary z Poitiers (+367) jest autorem dzieła Tractatus super Psalmos, które pierwotnie obejmowało cały Psałterz. Do dziś zachowały się objaśnienia do 58 psalmów, w tym obszerny komentarz do psalmu 118. Przedmiotem niniejszego artykułu jest nauczanie tego autora na temat eschatologii na podstawie Traktatu do Psalmu 118. Opracowanie składa się z czterech części. W pierwszej ukazano znaczenie psalmu 118, który według Hilarego jest duchowym elementarzem, prowadzącym chrześcijanina do poznania tajemnic niebiańskich. W drugiej części przedstawiono teologię stworzenia człowieka na obraz i podobieństwo Boga, która wyraża powołanie człowieka do wieczności. W swoim dziele biskup Poitiers posługuje się często określeniami, które podkreślają eschatologiczny wymiar życia ludzkiego: dobra wiecznotrwałe, życie wieczne, przyszłe dobra, nagroda wieczna, rzeczywistości niebańskie czy królestwo niebieskie. Trzecia część opracowania stanowi odpowiedź na pytanie: jak osiągnąć życie wieczne? Według Hilarego droga do zbawienia prowadzi przez zachowywanie prawa i Bożych przykazań. Wypełnianie ich nie jest rzecz łatwą dla człowieka z powodu jego grzeszności, ale jest możliwe dzięki łasce Bożej i miłosierdziu Bożemu. Odpowiedzialność za własne zbawienie jest dla biskupa Poitiers rzeczą oczywistą i konieczną, ponieważ należy samemu zabiegać o zapewnienie sobie dóbr wiecznych i nagrody po śmierci. W ujęciu naszego egzegety prawdziwe życie rozpoczyna się dopiero po śmierci doczesnej i jest to życie wieczne. W ostatniej części znajduje się nauczanie starożytnego egzegety na temat sądu ostatecznego i zmartwychwstania. Hilary nie ma wątpliwości, że każdy człowiek po śmierci stanie przed trybunałem Chrystusa. Sprawiedliwi otrzymają nagrodę zbawienie, zaś grzesznicy otrzymają karę potępienia. Biskup Poitiers wspomina również o istnieniu szatana i piekła, jak również wyjaśnia zagadnienie zmartwychwstaniu umarłych i chwale nieba. Traktat do Psalmu napisany krótko przed śmiercią autora wydaje się być również jego osobistym wyznaniem nadziei zbawienia w Chrystusie i pragnienia życia wiecznego. Dzieło to stanowi wciąż aktualną zachętę do lektury i interpretacji psalmu 118, który prowadzi do pogłębienia refleksji nad życiem człowieka w kontekście „spraw ostatecznych”.
Biskupi i prezbiterzy w Kościołach I i II wieku (Jerozolima, Azja Mniejsza i Grecja, Antiochia), cz. 1
Authors: Misiarczyk Leszek
Published: September 2024

Artykuł, po szczegółowych analizach tekstów źródłowych, doprecyzowuje wnioski M. Simonettiego o roli biskupów i prezbiterów we wspólnotach wczesnochrześcijańskich I i II wieku. Po pierwsze, termin πρεσβύτερος i jego funkcja pojawia się we wspólnotach założonych przez św. Pawła za jego życia, który sam ustanawiał prezbiterów „starszych” w różnych Kościołach Azji Mniejszej więc nie miał oporu jak sugeruje Simonetti stosowania terminologii rozpowszechnionej w judaizmie. Po drugie, Simonetti przyjmuje, że w Listach Pasterskich obecny jest episkopat monarchiczny, co zakłada, że termin πρεσβύτερος tam obecny należy rozumieć jako drugi stopień hierarchii a nie „starszy”. Nie jest to do końca takie oczywiste. Niekiedy odnosi się wrażenie, że nadal zachowuje on znaczenie „starszy”. I po trzecie, przedstawiona rekonstrukcja ma sens pod warunkiem, że przez termin πρεσβύτεροι będziemy rozumieli „starszych”, a nie drugi stopień kapłaństwa. To zaś nie wybrzemiewa w jego opracowaniach jednoznacznie. Natomiast jeśli termin πρεσβύτεροι rozumiemy jako drugi stopień kapłaństwa, a sam proces przebiegał w ten sposób, że najpierw kierowały wspólnotami kolegia kapłanów, a potem zostali oni wyparci przez jednego biskupa albo spośród nich wyłonił się episkopat monarchiczny, zaś kapłani zostali zepchnięci do drugiegio rzędu i do roli współpracowników biskupa, to takiego procesu nie potwierdzają źródła I i II wieku.
Cuda, jakich nikt inny uczynić nie zdoła, czyli jeszcze o weselu w Kanie Galilejskiej w literaturze greckiej i orientalnej
Authors: Zarzeczny Rafał
Published: September 2024

Chociaż perykopa o weselu w Kanie Galilejskiej (J 2,1-11) nie cieszyła się szczególnym zainteresowanie komentatorów i homiletów w okresie patrystycznym, zachowało się kilka ciekawych jej opracowań, zwłaszcza w literaturze chrześcijańskiego Wschodu. W artykule omówiono niektóre teksty greckie od II do V wieku, wśród nich pisma Ireneusza, Orygenesa, Jana Chryzostoma, Epifaniusz z Salaminy i Cyryla Aleksandryjskiego. Szczególną uwagę zwraca się na teksty w języku syryjskim, które często prezentują odmienne spojrzenie na teologię biblijną. Obszerny komentarz egzegetyczny bogaty w wątki teologiczne opracował Efrem Syryjczyk (IV w.), zaś poetycką homilię pozostawił nam Jakub z Sarug (V/VI w.). Homilia o weselu w Kanie Beniamina I patriarchy Aleksandrii z VII wieku, zachowała się w dialekcie koptyjskim i w przekładzie arabskim; w istocie jest ona traktatem przeciw różnym odstępcom od wiary. W kręgu literatury etiopskiej opis wesela w Kanie Galilejskiej zyskała szersze opracowanie w apokryficznych Cudach Jezusa (XIV w.). W Synaksariusz i w księdze Skarbiec wiary (XVI w.) cud ten interpretuje się w kontekście chrystologicznym, podobnie jak to czyni Giyorgis z Saglā (XV w.) w Księdze tajemnic, bazującej zapewne na starszym materiale. Również etiopska homilia niesłusznie przypisywana Janowi Chryzostoma (CAe 2150; zob. CPG Sup. 5190.14), przetłumaczona tu po raz pierwszy na język polski, cechuje się rozbudowaną chrystologią. Oprócz nauki o jedności bóstwa i człowieczeństwa w Chrystusie w polemice przeciwko Nestoriuszowi, w homilii tej pojawiają się także wątki eschatologiczne i maryjne, co wskazuje na kompozycję tekstu już po kryzysie efeskim. Widoczny jest też wpływ egzegezy Efrema, być może w opracowaniu Jakuba z Sarug, którego homilie trafiły do średniowiecznej Etiopii poprzez tłumaczenia arabskie.
Curriculum vitae o. prof. dr. hab. Henryka Pietrasa SJ
Authors: Wysocki Marcin
Published: September 2024

Curriculum vitae o. prof. dr. hab. Henryka Pietrasa SJ
Prace dyplomowe napisane pod kierunkiem o. prof. dr. hab. Henryka Pietrasa SJ
Authors: Wysocki Marcin
Published: September 2024

Prace dyplomowe napisane pod kierunkiem o. prof. dr. hab. Henryka Pietrasa SJ
DETERMINATION OF VITAMIN C CONTENT IN DEWANDARU FRUIT (Eugenia uniflora L.) BY CONTENT MATURITY
Authors: S. Aminah  , S. Rahmawati  , S. Nuryanti  , K. Nadya  , Ahmar D. S. , Supriadi  , Pulukadang S.H.V. , Tahril
Published: September 2024

Vitamin C is a vitamin that is very important to the human body as a source of antioxidants. Vitamin C is found in vegetables and fruits, and the amount of vitamin C in each ripeness content varies. Dewandaru fruits come in different fruit colors at each ripeness content. This study aimed to determine vitamin C contents in Dewandaru fruit according to maturity (unripe, unripe, ripe, and late). The iodometric approach was used in this investigation to measure the amount of vitamin C present. According to the study's findings, the vitamin C contents of Dewandaru fruit were found to be 0.036 mg/g when the fruit was raw, 0.105 mg/g when it was semi-ripe, 0.211 mg/g when it was ripe, and 0.155 mg/g when it was past ripe. This means that the graph shows that the vitamin C contents of Dewandaru fruit will rise until the fruit is ripe and fall once the maturity content has passed.
PRODUCTION OF SUPERABSORBENT HYDROGEL FROM COPOLYMERIZATION POLYACRYLIC ACID BASED CARBOXYMETHYLCELLULOSE (NaCMC) WITH ADDITION POLYMERIZATION
Authors: Susmanto Prahady , Sari Tuti Indah , Armelia Elfa , Vanesya Stevany , Maharani Syeva
Published: September 2024

In this study, a polymerization process was conducted using additional polymerization with a crosslinking agent in the form of MBA, on the main chain (backbone), namely polyacrylic acid (PAA), and the side chain, namely cellulose from NaCMC, supported by an initiator in the form of ammonium persulfate (APS). The highest absorption capacity of the superabsorbent hydrogel obtained was 525%, with an APS variation of 0.2 grams and an MBA of 0.28. The best swelling ratio in the NaCl solution based on research data is sample C2 at 517% with APS initiator variation of 3% and MBA of 4%. Meanwhile, in the urea solution, the best swelling ratio is sample B2 at 550% with APS initiator variation of 2.5% and MBA of 4%. Based on FTIR analysis, sample C2 shows a broken C=C bond, where the peak at 1654 cm-1 indicates the absence of this bond, illustrating the successful graft copolymerization reaction between cellulose and acrylic acid, where C=C occurs in PAA.
Стенд для исследования свойств лазерной плазмы, формируемой на жидкоструйных мишенях
Authors: Гусева В. Е. , Михайленко М. С. , Нечай А. Н. , Перекалов А. А. , Салащенко Н. Н. , Чхало Н. И.
Published: September 2024

Описан стенд, предназначенный для изучения эмиссионных свойств лазерной плазмы в экстремальном ультрафиолетовом диапазоне (ЭУФ), формируемой на жидкоструйных мишенях. Для формирования струйной мишени используются импульсный клапан и капилляры различного диаметра. Для возбуждения лазерной плазмы применяется лазер Nd:YAG (длина волны 1064 нм, длительность импульса 11 нс, частота до 10 Гц, энергия импульса 500 мДж). Для исследования эмиссионных спектров используются зеркальный рентгеновский спектрометр, градуированный в абсолютных единицах, спектрометр видимого диапазона Aurora-4000 и микроскоп, работающий в ЭУФ-диапазоне. Также предусмотрено фотографирование формируемых жидкостных струй. В статье приведены конструкция стенда и его основные параметры. Также даны результаты первых экспериментов по исследованию процессов истечения жидкости из различных сопел в вакуум.