bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Volcanic Hazard Maps Database: an initiative of the IAVCEI Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk
Authors: Ogburn Sarah E. , Charlton Danielle , Norgaard Diana , Wright Heather M. , Calder Eliza S. , Lindsay Jan , Ewert John , Takarada Shinji , Tajima Yasuhisa
Published: February 2023

In this work we present the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth’s Interior (IAVCEI) Commission on Volcanic Hazards and Risk (CVHR) Volcanic Hazard Maps Database and the accompanying volcanichazardmaps.org website. Using input from a series of IAVCEI CVHR Working Group on Hazard Mapping workshops, we developed a classification scheme and terminology framework for categorizing, discussing, naming, and searching for hazard maps. ≥ The database and website aim to serve as a resource for the volcanology community to explore how different aspects of hazard map development and design have been addressed in different countries, for different hazard processes, and for different intended purposes and audiences. Additionally, they act as a tool for presenting hazard map options to stakeholder groups and serve as a learning resource that can be incorporated into educational materials and training courses. In this work, we present the database and website, discuss the classification scheme, explore the enormous diversity of hazard maps, and suggest ways that the database and website can be used by the volcanic hazard mapping community.
Existence and uniqueness of solutions to the nonlinear boundary value problem for fourth-order differential equations with all derivatives
Authors: Chen Huiling , Cui Yujun
Published: February 2023

This article addresses the existence and uniqueness of solution for fully fourth-order differential equations modeling beams on elastic foundations with nonlinear boundary conditions. The proof will rely on Perov’s fixed point theorem in complete generalized metric spaces to overcome the problems due to the presence of all lower-order derivatives in the nonlinearity. Finally, some illustrating examples of the theory are presented.
Multipoint boundary value problems for higher-order Hadamard fractional neutral differential equations and inclusions
Authors: Zhang Qing , Li Chunshuo , Zhou Lina , Li Qiaoluan
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we consider fractional neutral differential equations with multipoint boundary value conditions involving Hadamard derivatives and integrals. We obtain the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the equation by using several fixed point theorems, and we also consider the Ulam–Hyers stability of the solution. In addition, we study the differential inclusion problem with multipoint boundary value conditions and prove the existence of the solution of the boundary value problem when the multivalued map has convex values. We also give several examples to illustrate the feasibility of the results.
In-hospital mortality and one-year survival of critically ill patients with cancer colonized or not with carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria or vancomycin-resistant enterococci: an observational study
Authors: Junior Antonio Paulo Nassar , Del Missier Giulia Medola , Praça Ana Paula Agnolon , Silva Ivan Leonardo Avelino França e , Caruso Pedro
Published: February 2023

Background

Patients with cancer are at risk of multidrug-resistant bacteria colonization, but association of colonization with in-hospital mortality and one-year survival has not been established in critically ill patients with cancer.

Methods

Using logistic and Cox-regression analyses adjusted for confounders, in adult patients admitted at intensive care unit (ICU) with active cancer, we evaluate the association of colonization by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria or vancomycin-resistant enterococci with in-hospital mortality and one-year survival.

Results

We included 714 patients and among them 140 were colonized (19.6%). Colonized patients more frequently came from ward, had longer hospital length of stay before ICU admission, had unplanned ICU admission, had worse performance status, higher predicted mortality upon ICU admission, and more hematological malignancies than patients without colonization. None of the patients presented conversion of colonization to infection by the same bacteria during hospital stay, but 20.7% presented conversion to infection after hospital discharge. Colonized patients had a higher in-hospital mortality compared to patients without colonization (44.3 vs. 33.4%; p < 0.01), but adjusting for confounders, colonization was not associated with in-hospital mortality [Odds ratio = 1.03 (0.77–1.99)]. Additionally, adjusting for confounders, colonization was not associated with one-year survival [Hazard ratio = 1.10 (0.87–1.40)].

Conclusions

Adult critically ill patients with active cancer and colonized by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria or vancomycin-resistant enterococci active cancer have a worse health status compared to patients without colonization. However, adjusting for confounders, colonization by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria or vancomycin-resistant enterococci are not associated with in-hospital mortality and one-year survival.
Nonstationary seismic–well tying with time-varying wavelets
Authors: Cai Shengjuan , Fang Fangxin , Wang Yanghua
Published: February 2023

Seismic–well tying is an important technique for correlating well-logging curves in depth with seismic traces in time. An appropriate seismic–well tying technique must account for two types of nonstationarity: the nonstationary time errors in the synthetic seismic trace caused by the inaccurate time–depth relationship established based on sonic-logging velocity and the nonstationary seismic signals due to the time-varying wavelets during wave propagation. The nonstationary problems related to the time–depth relationship and the time-varying wavelets are interrelated in seismic-well tying procedure. We implemented a nonstationary seismic–well tying method by iteratively updating the time-depth relationship and estimating the time-varying wavelets. From the estimated time-varying wavelets, we also estimated a Q-value by assuming that the subsurface medium has a constant Q at depth and used the constant Q to constrain the variation of the seismic wavelet during propagation. Then, we used the improved time–depth relationship and time-varying wavelets with the Q constraint for further iterations. In the iterative procedure, we quantified the accuracy of the seismic–well tying result using the correlation coefficient between the synthetic and the true seismic trace in each iteration and evaluated the reliability using the normalized mean-square errors among the wavelets estimated in different iterations.
Seismic response analysis and distribution prediction of source rocks in a survey of the South China Sea
Authors: Jia Weihua , Zong Zhaoyun , Sun Hongchao , Lan Tianjun
Published: February 2023

Identification and prediction of high-quality source rocks is the key to obtaining new resources in the exploration area of Cenozoic basins in offshore China. We research the seismic response and distribution of hydrocarbon source rocks using seismic data, well curves, lithologic interpretation, and geochemical analysis. The target is the source rock development zone of the W Formation in a survey of the South China Sea. The results show that the seismic response of thick layer source rocks differ from surrounding rocks in the seismic profile (strong reflections with opposite polarity at the top and bottom and messy or chaotic reflections inside). Seismic reflections of interlayer source rocks have the characteristics of low frequency and continuous strong amplitude. The dominant frequency and maximum amplitude decrease as the number of mudstone layers increases. Through seismic petrophysical analysis, we have obtained three sensitive parameters of source rock in this survey: clay content, P-wave impedance, and elastic impedance. Different classification methods can realize the classification and prediction of hydrocarbon source rocks, among which the Kernel Fisher discriminant analysis method is the best. The prediction results are consistent with the geological background, geochemical information, and well curves.
Practising psychiatry in Sri Lanka: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Skuse David
Published: February 2023

This month's issue of BJPsych International focuses on psychiatry in Sri Lanka, with articles on suggested improvements in education and training, the country's outdated legislation regarding involuntary psychiatric treatment, and the misuse of prescription medications.
Leveraging Natural Language Processing to Extract Features of Colorectal Polyps From Pathology Reports for Epidemiologic Study
Authors: Benson Ryzen , Winterton Candace , Winn Maci , Krick Benjamin , Liu Mei , Abu-el-rub Noor , Conway Mike , Del Fiol Guilherme , Gawron Andrew , Hardikar Sheetal
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE

Histopathologic features are critical for studying risk factors of colorectal polyps, but remain deeply embedded within unstructured pathology reports, requiring costly and time-consuming manual abstraction for research. In this study, we developed and evaluated a natural language processing (NLP) pipeline to automatically extract histopathologic features of colorectal polyps from pathology reports, with an emphasis on individual polyp size. These data were then linked with structured electronic health record (EHR) data, creating an analysis-ready epidemiologic data set.

METHODS

We obtained 24,584 pathology reports from colonoscopies performed at the University of Utah’s Gastroenterology Clinic. Two investigators annotated 350 reports to determine inter-rater agreement, develop an annotation scheme, and create a reference standard for performance evaluation. The pipeline was then developed, and performance was compared against the reference for extracting polyp location, histology, size, shape, dysplasia, and the number of polyps. Finally, the pipeline was applied to 24,225 unseen reports and NLP-extracted data were linked with structured EHR data.

RESULTS

Across all features, our pipeline achieved a precision of 98.9%, a recall of 98.0%, and an F1-score of 98.4%. In patients with polyps, the pipeline correctly extracted 95.6% of sizes, 97.2% of polyp locations, 97.8% of histology, 98.3% of shapes, and 98.3% of dysplasia levels. When applied to unseen data, the pipeline classified 12,889 patients as having polyps, 4,907 patients without polyps, and extracted the features of 28,387 polyps. Tubular adenomas were the most common subtype (55.9%), 8.1% of polyps were advanced adenomas, and the mean polyp size was 0.57 (±0.4) cm.

CONCLUSION

Our pipeline extracted histopathologic features of colorectal polyps from colonoscopy pathology reports, most notably individual polyp sizes, with considerable accuracy. This study demonstrates the utility of NLP for extracting polyp features and linking these data with EHR data to create an epidemiologic data set to study colorectal polyp risk factors and outcomes.
Phthalates and Incident Diabetes in Midlife Women: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN)
Authors: Peng Mia Q , Karvonen-Gutierrez Carrie A , Herman William H , Mukherjee Bhramar , Park Sung Kyun
Published: February 2023

Context

Phthalates are hypothesized to contribute to diabetes, but longitudinal evidence in humans is limited.

Objective

We examined whether phthalate exposure was associated with a higher incidence of diabetes in a racially/ethnically diverse cohort of midlife women.

Methods

In the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation Multipollutant Study, we followed 1308 women without diabetes in 1999-2000 for 6 years. Eleven phthalate metabolites were measured in spot urine samples in 1999-2000 and 2002-2003. Incident diabetes was ascertained between 1999-2000 and 2005-2006. Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying exposure were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of diabetes associated with each phthalate metabolite, adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and health-related factors. Effect modification by race/ethnicity was examined with interaction terms.

Results

Sixty-one women developed diabetes over 6 years (cumulative incidence = 4.7%). Among all women, several high-molecular-weight phthalate metabolites were associated with a higher incidence of diabetes, but none were statistically significant. There was effect modification by race/ethnicity. Among White women, each doubling of the concentrations of mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), monobenzyl phthalate, mono-carboxyoctyl phthalate, mono-carboxyisononyl phthalate (MCNP), and mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate was associated with a 30% to 63% higher incidence of diabetes (HR = 1.30, 95% CI, 1.03-1.65 for MCNP; HR = 1.63, 95% CI, 1.18-2.25 for MiBP). In contrast, phthalates were not associated with diabetes incidence in Black or Asian women.

Conclusions

Some phthalate metabolites were associated with a higher incidence of diabetes over 6 years, but the associations were inconsistent across racial/ethnic groups. Whether phthalates cause diabetes requires further investigation.
2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol Induces Adipogenesis in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Activating Retinoid X Receptors
Authors: Ren Xiao-Min , Chang Richard C , Huang Yikai , Amorim Amato Angélica , Carivenc Coralie , Grimaldi Marina , Kuo Yun , Balaguer Patrick , Bourguet William , Blumberg Bruce
Published: February 2023

2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) is an important commercial antioxidant and a toxic natural secondary metabolite that has been detected in humans. However, there is scant information regarding its toxicological effects. We asked whether 2,4-DTBP is a potential obesogen. Using a human mesenchymal stem cell adipogenesis assay, we found that exposure to 2,4-DTBP led to increased lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenic marker genes. Antagonist assays revealed that 2,4-DTBP increased lipid accumulation by activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ-retinoid X receptor (RXR) heterodimer. 2,4-DTBP likely activated the PPARγ/RXRα heterodimer by activating RXRα but not directly binding to PPARγ. We confirmed that 2,4-DTBP directly bound to RXRα by solving the crystal structure of this complex, then predicted and demonstrated that related compounds could also activate RXRα. Our study demonstrated that 2,4-DTBP and related chemicals could act as obesogens and endocrine disruptors via RXRs. These data showed that 2,4-DTBP belongs to a family of compounds whose endocrine-disrupting and obesogenic effects can be strongly modulated by their chemical composition. Structure–activity studies such as the present one could help guide the rational development of safer antioxidants that do not interact with important nuclear receptors having broad effects on human development and physiology.
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Program and Opioid Consumption in Pulmonary Resection Surgery: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Son Jongbae , Jeong Heejoon , Yun Jeonghee , Jeon Yeong Jeong , Lee Junghee , Shin Sumin , Kim Hong Kwan , Choi Yong Soo , Kim Jhingook , Zo Jae Ill , Shim Young Mog , Cho Jong Ho , Ahn Hyun Joo
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Pulmonary resection surgery causes severe postoperative pain and usually requires opioid-based analgesia, particularly in the early postoperative period. However, the administration of large amounts of opioids is associated with various adverse events. We hypothesized that patients who underwent pulmonary resection under an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program consumed fewer opioids than patients who received conventional treatment.

METHODS:

A total of 2147 patients underwent pulmonary resection surgery between August 2019 and December 2020. Two surgeons (25%) at our institution implemented the ERAS program for their patients. After screening, the patients were divided into the ERAS and conventional groups based on the treatment they received. The 2 groups were then compared after the stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting. The primary end point was the total amount of opioid consumption from surgery to discharge. The secondary end points included daily average and highest pain intensity scores during exertion, opioid-related adverse events, and clinical outcomes, such as length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, hospital stay, and postoperative complication grade defined by the Clavien-Dindo classification. Additionally, the number of patients discharged without opioids prescription was assessed.

RESULTS:

Finally, 2120 patients were included in the analysis. The total amount of opioid consumption (median [interquartile range]) after surgery until discharge was lower in the ERAS group (n = 260) than that in the conventional group (n = 1860; morphine milligram equivalents, 44 [16–122] mg vs 208 [146–294] mg; median difference, −143 mg; 95% CI, −154 to −132; P < .001). The number of patients discharged without opioids prescription was higher in the ERAS group (156/260 [60%] vs 329/1860 [18%]; odds ratio, 7.0; 95% CI, 5.3–9.3; P < .001). On operation day, both average pain intensity score during exertion (3.0 ± 1.7 vs 3.5 ± 1.8; mean difference, −0.5; 95% CI, −0.8 to −0.3; P < .001) and the highest pain intensity score during exertion (5.5 ± 2.1 vs 6.4 ± 1.7; mean difference, −0.8; 95% CI, −1.0 to −0.5; P < .001) were lower in the ERAS group than in the conventional group. There were no significant differences in the length of ICU stay, hospital stay, or Clavien-Dindo classification grade.

CONCLUSIONS:

Patients who underwent pulmonary resection under the ERAS program consumed fewer opioids than those who received conventional management while maintaining no significant differences in clinical outcomes.
From Immigrants to Refugees: Relocating Strangers in Two Plays about North Korean Defectors
Authors: Ju Hyunshik
Published: February 2023

Two stage plays written after 2010 about North Korean defectors in South Korea are dealt with in this article, Mokran Eonni (Sister Mokran) and Toillit Pipeul (Toilet People). This article employs an analytical framework that weaves the terms of the immigrant and of the refugee and the sociology of the stranger together. The scenes from Mokran Eonni and Toillit Pipeul analyzed in this article acutely illustrate the pain and suffering experienced by North Korean defectors, especially socially powerless groups such as women and adolescents. Their position as refugees is constructed through exploitative capitalism and the division hysteria in South Korea. This representation leads audiences to examine how the latter two phenomena expose South Korean people as potential refugees. In other words, both plays do not just tell particular stories about North Korean defectors, they also offer a universal reflection regarding the structural ills in South Korean society. Moreover, this reflection is not limited to South Korean society. It can be repositioned as the speculation that all venues of transnational and global capitalist phenomena in which otherness is excluded and repressed have a migratory uprooted identity.
Risks for Oculomotor Nerve Palsy and Time to Recovery After Surgical Clipping of Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: da Costa Marcos Devanir Silva , Lima Joao Vitor Fernades , Zanini Marco Antonio , Hatamoto Filho Pedro Tadao , Naufal Rodrigo Ferrari Fernandes , Reys Lorena , Goes Pedro , Miguez Camila Ahmed , Bastos Francisco Azeredo , Lopes Dionisio de Figueiredo , Dellaretti Marcos , Buzartti Israel , Machado Filho Mario Alberto S. , Sako Everson Akio , Wainberg Ricardo Chmelnitsky , Ferreira Danilo Santos , Moura Ana Laura de Araujo , Chaddad-Neto Feres
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:

Aneurysms of the posterior communicating segment of carotid artery (PcomA) have a high risk of rupture; when these nonruptured aneurysms are associated with oculomotor nerve palsy (ONP), the risk of rupture increases compared with asymptomatic nonruptured PcomA.

OBJECTIVE:

To retrospectively analyze the risk factors involved in ONP secondary to PcomA aneurysm and to study the factors involved in the recovery time of ONP once it is established.

METHODS:

This was a retrospective study of patients from 10 neurosurgery centers from October 2008 to December 2020. We analyzed age at diagnosis, presence of compressive neuropathy of the oculomotor nerve, presence of aneurysm rupture, largest aneurysm diameter, aneurysm projection, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, time between diagnosis and surgical treatment, as well as the outcome.

RESULTS:

Approximately 1 in 5 patients (119/511 23.3%) with a PcomA presented with ONP. We found that patients with aneurysms measuring greater than or equal to 7.5 mm were 1.6 times more likely to have ONP than those with aneurysms smaller than 7.5 mm. In our study, the prevalence of smoking in the PcomA + ONP group was 57.76%, and we also found that smokers were 2.51 times more likely to develop ONP. A total of 80.7% showed some degree of improvement, and 45.4% showed complete improvement with a median recovery time of 90 days.

CONCLUSION:

This study showed that 80.7% of patients with PcomA aneurysms undergoing surgical treatment with aneurysm clipping showed some degree of improvement of the ONP, with a median time to recovery between 90 and 120 days.
RNA localization to the mitotic spindle is essential for early development and is regulated by kinesin-1 and dynein
Authors: Remsburg Carolyn M. , Konrad Kalin D. , Song Jia L.
Published: February 2023

Mitosis is a fundamental and highly regulated process that acts to faithfully segregate chromosomes into two identical daughter cells. Localization of gene transcripts involved in mitosis to the mitotic spindle might be an evolutionarily conserved mechanism to ensure that mitosis occurs in a timely manner. We identified many RNA transcripts that encode proteins involved in mitosis localized at the mitotic spindles in dividing sea urchin embryos and mammalian cells. Disruption of microtubule polymerization, kinesin-1 or dynein results in lack of spindle localization of these transcripts in the sea urchin embryo. Furthermore, results indicate that the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE) within the 3′UTR of the Aurora B transcript, a recognition sequence for CPEB, is essential for RNA localization to the mitotic spindle in the sea urchin embryo. Blocking this sequence results in arrested development during early cleavage stages, suggesting that RNA localization to the mitotic spindle might be a regulatory mechanism of cell division that is important for early development.
Linking whole-body angular momentum and step placement during perturbed human walking
Authors: Leestma Jennifer K. , Golyski Pawel R. , Smith Courtney R. , Sawicki Gregory S. , Young Aaron J.
Published: February 2023

Human locomotion is remarkably robust to environmental disturbances. Previous studies have thoroughly investigated how perturbations influence body dynamics and what recovery strategies are used to regain balance. Fewer studies have attempted to establish formal links between balance and the recovery strategies that are executed to regain stability. We hypothesized that there would be a strong relationship between the magnitude of imbalance and recovery strategy during perturbed walking. To test this hypothesis, we applied transient ground surface translations that varied in magnitude, direction and onset time while 11 healthy participants walked on a treadmill. We measured stability using integrated whole-body angular momentum (iWBAM) and recovery strategy using step placement. We found the strongest relationships between iWBAM and step placement in the frontal plane for earlier perturbation onset times in the perturbed step (R2=0.52, 0.50) and later perturbation onset times in the recovery step (R2=0.18, 0.25), while correlations were very weak in the sagittal plane (all R2≤0.13). These findings suggest that iWBAM influences step placement, particularly in the frontal plane, and that this influence is sensitive to perturbation onset time. Lastly, this investigation is accompanied by an open-source dataset to facilitate research on balance and recovery strategies in response to multifactorial ground surface perturbations, including 96 perturbation conditions spanning all combinations of three magnitudes, eight directions and four gait cycle onset times.
Drop-off-reinitiation at the amino termini of nascent peptides and its regulation by IF3, EF-G, and RRF
Authors: Katoh Takayuki , Suga Hiroaki
Published: February 2023

In translation initiation in prokaryotes, IF3 recognizes the interaction between the initiator codon of mRNA and the anticodon of fMet-tRNAiniand then relocates the fMet-tRNAinito an active position. Here, we have surveyed 328 codon–anticodon combinations for the preference of IF3. At the first and second base of the codon, only Watson–Crick base pairs are tolerated. At the third base, stronger base pairs, for example, Watson–Crick, are more preferred, but other types of base pairs, for example, G/U wobble, are also tolerated; weaker base pairs are excluded by IF3. When the codon–anticodon combinations are unfavorable for IF3 or the concentration of IF3 is too low to recognize any codon–anticodon combinations, IF3 fails to set the P-site fMet-tRNAiniat the active position and causes its drop-off from the ribosome. Thereby, translation reinitiation occurs from the second aminoacyl-tRNA at the A site to yield a truncated peptide lacking the amino-terminal fMet. We refer to this event as the amino-terminal drop-off-reinitiation. We also showed that EF-G and RRF are involved in disassembling such an aberrant ribosome complex bearing inactive fMet-tRNAini. Thereby EF-G and RRF are able to exclude unfavorable codon–anticodon combinations with weaker base pairs and alleviate the amino-terminal drop-off-reinitiation.
E-learning course "General Psychopathology"
Authors: Sidenkovs Alena
Published: February 2023

Электронный учебный курс ""Общая психопатология"" составлен в соответствии с требованиями Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования специальность 31.05.01 Лечебное дело, утвержденным приказом Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации от 9 февраля 2016 г. №95, и с учетом требований профессионального стандарта 02.009 «Врач-лечебник (врач-терапевт участковый)», утвержденного приказом Министерства труда и социальной защиты Российской Федерации от 21 марта 2017 г. №293н, а так же в соответствии с требованиями Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования по специальности 31.05.02 Педиатрия (уровень специалитета), утвержденного приказом Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации от 17.08.2015 г. № 853, и с учетом требований профессионального стандарта 02.008 «Врач - педиатр участковый», утвержденного приказом Министерства труда и социальной защиты Российской Федерации от 27.03.2017 г. № 306н Цель курса - получить знания об основных закономерностях проявления и развития патологии психической деятельности, общих вопросах этиологии и патогенеза, природе психопатологических процессов, их причинах, принципах классификации. Задачи курса: изучение классификаций симптомов и синдромов психических процессов; ознакомление с клиническими проявлениями симптомов и синдромов изучаемых психических процессов, их этиологические и патогенетические механизмы; обучение студентов навыкам выявления симптомов психических расстройств, навыкам их описания в медицинской документации. Трудоемкость курса составляет 12 часов. Курс состоит из 3 дидактических единиц.
The CIA 3.0 and EDE-Q questionnaire as a tool for assessing eating disorders among students of the Academy of Applied Sciences in Nowy Sacz
Authors: Wcisło Natalia , Potaczek Natalia , Zborowski Marek , Mikulec Anna
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Eating disorders are a serious problem affecting people of all ages and genders, cultures and origins, affecting not only the physical sphere, but above all the human psyche. In many cases, they are still taboo, as eating disorder issues can often be mistaken for trivialities. Their psychopathology is very complex and it is impossible to pinpoint a single cause. However, it is indisputable that food intake is related to the physiological, but also psychological and social spheres.
The core of psychopathology is a distorted perception of the importance of figure, weight, appearance and their constant control.
Aim
The aim of the study was to determine the scale of eating disorders among students of ANS in Nowy Sącz and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the change in body weight of students.
Material and methods
The research tool was a questionnaire developed on the basis of the EDE-Q 6.0 and CIA 3.0 questionnaires (Christopher et al., 2008), consisting of open and closed questions regarding the perception of the importance of one's figure, body weight, appearance and their control. Based on the students' answers, the body mass index before and after the pandemic was calculated
COVID-19, and also analyzed answers that may indicate problems with nutrition and attitude to your own body. The study was conducted online via the Google Forms online survey platform, in the period from 7 to 21 October 2022, on a representative group of 255 students of the Academy of Applied Sciences in Nowy Sącz.
Results
The survey participants were mostly young women (average age 21.24), undergraduate full-time students, living in rural areas. There were no significant differences in body mass index (BMI) between men and women before and during the pandemic.
In the study group, the question concerning the influence of diet, physical exercise or feelings regarding nutrition, figure and body weight deserve attention, with more than 50% of students indicating the influence of the above-mentioned factors. factors for: critical thinking about yourself, source of nervousness, worry, making you feel guilty, or feeling ashamed of yourself. In the questions regarding the sense of satisfaction with their figure, body weight and appearance, over 50% of students indicated a lack of satisfaction, i.e. a negative perception of themselves in terms of body weight (striving to lose weight, fear of gaining weight, feeling of being fat, limiting amount of food eaten).
Conclusion
Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that students of the ANS in Nowy Sącz are at risk of eating disorders. It is therefore worth taking preventive measures aimed at raising awareness of the scale of the problem and popularizing the available forms of psychological support in this area.
«Combined» Models of Public-Private Partnership for the Reconstruction of Ukraine
Authors:   Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Shylepnytskyi P. , Petrova I. ,   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine
Published: February 2023

The article provides an analytical review of "combined" projects based on public-private partnership and grant funding from the European Union. Projects combining public-private partnership with EU funds are subject to both PPP rules and principles for European funds. In Ukraine, where access to funding sources is extremely limited, it is the grant support of international organizations and partner countries that is crucial for financing various projects related to the reconstruction and restoration of Ukraine. Institutional support for the development of public-private partnership by international organizations is considered. Schemes of combining EU grant funding and private investment based on PPPs are presented. "Combined" models of combining EU grant funding and private funding based on public-private partnership in Ukraine are proposed, which will contribute to the restoration of infrastructure destroyed during the war, investment attraction, creation of new jobs, etc.
Main Priorities for the Development of the Canning Industry in Azerbaijan
Authors:   Baku State University, Abbasov V. , Shukurova E. ,   Baku State University
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the role and importance of foreign trade relations in the development of the canning industry in Azerbaijan and the main priorities for its development, applies the method of comparative analysis of the production, import and export potential of canned fruit and vegetables and canned juices, considers arrangements for the implementation of the main directions taken in this area, as well as the share of individual countries in the export of local products, in accordance with the procedure for conducting a regulatory impact assessment in relation to the studying issues. At the same time, the activity of a more efficient agrarian market for the country is studied in order to form the export potential of canning industry products, to create more significant areas for the import-export of canning production, and the studies are carried out to ensure the formation and efficiency of the import-export system.
Peculiarities of Logistics Processes During the War Period: Problems and Development Prospects
Authors:   State University of Intellectual Technologies and Communication, Ozarko K. , Chelombytko V. ,   State University of Intellectual Technologies and Communication
Published: February 2023

The article formulates and substantiates the prospects for forming logistics processes in the wartime period. The problems of logistics processes during the war period were identified. The essence of supply chain management has been studied. The advantages and expediency of the application of the concept of the quick response by domestic enterprises, which is caused by the increase in the number of complicated requests on the market and the increase in the level of competition due to the import of goods from countries with cheap resources (raw materials, labor, etc.), have been investigated. Methods of neutralizing the influence of problem areas on logistical processes during the war period are proposed.
Overview of the EU Innovation Policy Instruments Landscape: Conclusions for Ukraine
Authors:   Institute of Industrial Economics of the NAS of Ukraine, Pidorycheva I. , Sokolovska О. ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: February 2023

The need to modernize and critically rethink the state of Ukraine`s national innovation policy and the tools for its implementation is justified. This is due to the slowdown of innovation processes in the country over the past five years and the chronic problems that have accompanied the national research and innovation sphere for almost the entire period of independence. To that end, it is necessary to rely on the theoretical argumentation of the grounds for state intervention in innovation from the standpoint of various economic schools, and European experience in the development and implementation of innovation policy, which is relevant in the context of Ukraine's European integration, as well as taking into account modern challenges and the specifics of the social and institutional arrangements of Ukraine as a developing country. This article identifies and summarizes the most common instruments used at the level of the EU and its member states to support research, development, and innovation. These include research, collaboration, doctoral and seed grants, public procurement, start-up funds, venture funds, science and technology parks, clusters, technology transfer offices, technology centers, innovation loans and innovation vouchers, tax incentives, "living labs", digital innovation hubs, etc. Some of them have been analyzed to illustrate the similarities and differences in the innovation policy of the EU member states. It has been determined EU member states still tend to use supply tools, supporting knowledge generation to a greater extent, and tools to stimulate demand for innovation are much less common in them, which does not allow the EU to catch up with world leaders, in particular the United States, Japan and South Korea, for the performance of national innovation systems. Based on the analysis of the European experience in supporting and stimulating innovation, proposals are formulated for the development of a national innovation policy for an effective post-war recovery.
Hydrogen VS Electric
Authors: Millard DR Frank
Published: February 2023

LIFT TRUCKS ARE ALMOST THE ORIGINAL ELECTRIC VEHICLE, WITH MANY MODELS POWERED FOR DECADES BY LEAD-ACID BATTERIES. BUT NOW, EVEN WITH THE NEW BENEFITS OFFERED BY LITHIUM-ION, THERE IS A FRESH CHALLENGER TO BATTERY ELECTRIC DOMINANCE - INCREASINGLY AFFORDABLE HYDROGEN FUEL-CELL SOLUTIONS
Turkish lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans persons’ perceptions of their own ageing: contesting the exclusionary care regime?
Authors: Yilmaz Volkan , Göçmen İpek
Published: February 2023

How do lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans persons imagine their own ageing in an exclusionary care regime? How does institutionalised exclusion constrain their ability to imagine ageing in a positive light? How, to what extent and by which means can they contest their exclusion from elderly care? This article presents an analysis of a mixed-methods study in Turkey that included 14 focus groups with 139 lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans persons in ten cities, and a nationwide online survey with 2,875 respondents. It offers the notion of an exclusionary care regime as a framework for studying care regimes through the lens of marginalised groups, specifically lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans persons. Taking Turkey as an example, the article demonstrates that an exclusionary care regime causes respondents to view ageing as a burden. In the absence of progressive socio-political change, lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans persons can think of contesting their exclusion from elderly care mostly through market- and asset-based solutions.
An exploratory study of COVID‐19‐related changes in abortion service availability and use in Washington, DC, Maryland, and Virginia
Authors: Bell Suzanne O. , Berger Blair O. , Sufrin Carolyn , Dozier Jessica L. , Burke Anne E.
Published: February 2023

Objectives

This exploratory study aimed to assess COVID‐19‐related changes in abortion service availability and use in Washington, DC, Maryland, and Virginia.

Design

Data came from a convenience sample of eight abortion clinics in this region. We implemented a cross‐sectional survey and collected retrospective aggregate monthly abortion data overall and by facility type, abortion type, and patient characteristics for March 2019–August 2020. We evaluated changes in the distribution of the total number of patients for March–August in 2019 compared to March–August 2020. We also conducted segmented regression analyses and produced scatter plots of monthly abortion patients overall and by facility type, abortion type, and patient characteristics, with separate fitted regression lines from the segmented regression models for the pre‐ and during‐COVID‐19 periods.

Results

Five clinics reported a reduced number of appointments early in the pandemic while four reported increased call volume. There were declines in the monthly abortion trend at hospital‐based clinics at the outset of the pandemic. Monthly number of medication abortions increased from March 2020 through August 2020 compared to pre‐COVID‐19 trends while instrumentation abortions 11 up to 19 weeks decreased. The share of abortions to Black individuals increased during the early phase of the pandemic, as did the monthly trend in abortions among this group. We also saw changes in payment type, with declines in patients paying out‐of‐pocket.

Conclusions

Results revealed differences in abortion services, numbers, and types during the early stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic in Washington, DC, Maryland, and Virginia.
Sexual and reproductive health services for autistic young people in the United States: A conceptual model of utilization
Authors: Holmes Laura Graham , Anderson Kristy , Sieber Greg S. , Shattuck Paul T.
Published: February 2023

Background

Sexual and reproductive health services promote the ability of people to have safe, satisfying, non‐coercive sexual experiences and make informed decisions about pregnancy. Stakeholder input is needed to understand barriers or facilitators to service access for autistic people, who report unmet needs.

Methods

We recruited 18 autistic people, 15 parents, and 15 service providers in the United States to participate in an interview and two surveys. Using their input, we created a conceptual model of sexual and reproductive health service needs, access barriers, and facilitators.

Results

Stakeholders rated a variety of sexual and reproductive health services as important for autistic people, including those with intellectual disability or minimal verbal language. Stakeholders identified barriers to sexual and reproductive health service utilization including lack of service availability, lack of service providers with autism or neurodiversity training, lack of accurate information about autism and sexuality, verbal and communication differences that are not accommodated by service providers, and socio‐cultural attitudes about sexuality. Stakeholders identified facilitators to service access including person‐centered, trauma‐informed care, service accommodations such as clear and detailed expectations, and long‐enough appointments. We created a conceptual model based on the social ecological model of health to organize these utilization factors and support future research, provider, and policy action. Stakeholders provided feedback and responded favorably on the model's accuracy, utility for spurring research, practice, and policy improvements, and application to diverse groups of autistic people.

Conclusions

The model shows the many feasible ways to support equitable access to services for autistic people.
Dual-controlled tunable absorber using a hybrid Dirac semimetal–strontium titanate metamaterial
Authors: Hu BaoJing , Huang Ming , Yang Li , Zhao Jinyan
Published: February 2023

A dual-controlled tunable polarization-independent perfect absorber based on bulk Dirac semimetal (BDS) and strontium titanate (STO) is proposed and analyzed. The results show that the absorptivity can reach 99% at 1.26 THz due to the critical coupling effect. Meanwhile, the absorptivity and resonant frequency of the proposed absorber can be dual-tuned dynamically by varying the temperature of the STO and the Fermi energy of the BDS. Furthermore, the coupled mode theory (CMT) and the equivalent circuit model (ECM) are used to theoretically analyze the performance of the absorber. Finally, modulation of the absorptivity spectra by tailoring the structure dimensions is also discussed. This work provides potential applications in the design of dual-tunable filters and absorbers.
On the importance of the longitudinal component of paraxial optical vortices in the interaction with atoms
Authors: Rosen Guillermo F. Quinteiro
Published: February 2023

Experimental evidence and theory on the head-on excitation of atoms by paraxial Laguerre–Gaussian beams revealed that the longitudinal component of the field has to be taken into account. Optical vortices are in fact a large family of fields, Laguerre–Gaussian being only one particular case. Here, we extend the previous study to a broader set of vortex fields. We demonstrate that, in general, paraxial optical vortices that have opposite orbital and spin angular momenta exhibit a longitudinal component that cannot be disregarded in the light–matter interaction.
Transient fluorescence with a single trapped ion
Authors: Barreto Nicolás A. Nuñez , Giardino Lucas T. , Crucianelli Carla J. , Bonetto Muriel , Drechsler Martín , Schmiegelow Christian T.
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we present a method to measure transient fluorescent dynamics with single trapped ions in a Paul trap. We use 40Ca+ ions that exhibit a Λ-type three-level system and measure the characteristic optical pumping times between the ground S1/2 and the meta-stable D3/2 levels. We prepare one of these states and then pump it to the opposite via the excited P1/2 state. By measuring the scattered photons of the ion, we retrieve transient curves of the atomic fluorescence. These curves provide fundamental information about the atomic system, such as branching fractions and excited-state lifetimes, as well as experimental parameters like the efficiency of the detection system and the saturation parameter of one of the transitions. Finally, we study the time-dependent fluorescence as a function of optical power and detuning of the lasers and find a very good agreement with simulating the dynamics via a three-level open quantum system through a set of optical Bloch equations. Being able to record time-dependent fluorescence is of particular interest as it contains information about the temperature, cooling, and heating dynamics of the ion.
Generation of large-scale continuous-variable cluster states multiplexed both in time and frequency domains
Authors: Du Peilin , Wang Yu , Liu Kui , Yang Rongguo , Zhang Jing
Published: February 2023

A large-scale continuous variable (CV) cluster state is necessary in quantum information processing based on measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC). Specially, generating a large-scale CV cluster state multiplexed in a time domain is easier to implement and has strong scalability in experiment. Here one-dimensional (1D) large-scale dual-rail CV cluster states multiplexed both in time and frequency domains are parallelly generated, which can be further extended to a three-dimensional (3D) CV cluster state by combining two time-delay nondegenerate optical parametric amplification systems with beam-splitters. It is shown that the number of parallel arrays depends on the corresponding frequency comb lines, the partite number of each array can be very large (million), and the scale of the 3D cluster state can be ultra-large. In addition, the concrete quantum computing schemes of applying the generated 1D and 3D cluster states are also demonstrated. Our schemes may pave the way for fault-tolerant and topologically protected MBQC in hybrid domains, by further combining with efficient coding and quantum error correction.
Phase sensitivity of an SU(1,1) interferometer in photon-loss via photon operations
Authors: Xu Youke , Zhao Teng , Kang Qingqian , Liu Cunjin , Hu Liyun , Liu Sanqiu
Published: February 2023

We study the phase sensitivity of an SU(1,1) interferometer with photon loss by using three different photon operations schemes, i.e., performing photon-addition operation on the input port of the SU(1,1) interferometer (Scheme A), the interior of SU(1,1) interferometer (Scheme B), and both of them (Scheme C). We compare the performance of the three schemes in phase estimation by performing the same times of photon-addition operation to the mode b. The results show that Scheme B improves the phase sensitivity best in ideal case, and Scheme C performs well against internal loss, especially in the case of strong loss. All the three schemes can beat the standard quantum limit in the presence of photon loss, but Scheme B and Scheme C can break through the standard quantum limit in a larger loss range.