bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biodegradable temporising matrix: use of negative pressure wound therapy shows a significantly higher success rate
Authors: Austin Cindy L , Draper Brian , Larson Kenneth W , Thompson Simon J
Published: March 2023

Objective:

The purpose of this case series was to evaluate the efficacy of a synthetic biodegradable temporising matrix (BTM; PolyNovo Biomaterials Pty Ltd, Australia) and compare the outcome of BTM patients with and without negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT).

Method:

A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients admitted with deep full-thickness burns, traumatic or complex wound injuries treated with BTM. Electronic medical records and images were evaluated by a team of clinical professionals. Endpoints included: the measure of successful BTM integration; and comparison between patients treated with and without NPWT. Additional measures were BTM total surface area, BTM sites, timeliness of BTM application and any complications.

Results:

A total of 28 patients were evaluated and 23 (82.1%) demonstrated overall successful BTM integration. Patients treated with BTM in conjunction with NPWT (n=16) demonstrated a significantly higher (p=0.046) integration rate compared to patients treated without NPWT (n=12) (93.8% versus 58.3%, respectively). Patients treated with BTM with NPWT continued to successfully integrate and sustain favourable outcomes despite the presence of severe infection or the development of haematomas.

Conclusion:

A significantly higher integration rate was demonstrated when BTM was used in conjunction with NPWT. The results of this study further support the efficacy of successful integration of BTM as a replacement for tissue loss in the treatment of deep, full-thickness burns, traumatic and complex wound injuries, and particularly favourable outcomes with the use of NPWT. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case series comparing the clinical outcomes of BTM with and without the use of NPWT.
The healing effect of topical tea tree oil on pressure ulcers in a rat model
Authors: Oran Nazan Tuna , Alan Nurten , Akokay Pinar , Büyükçoban Sibel , Uğur Ergür Bekir
Published: March 2023

Objective: The effects of topical tea tree oil (TTO) on the healing of pressure ulcers (PUs) in an animal model was evaluated.

Method: To induce PUs, ischaemia-reperfusion cycles were performed by the external application of magnetic plates, with an ischaemic period of eight hours and a reperfusion period of 16 hours. Male and female Wistar rats were divided into three equally sized groups (n=20): one group received topical glycerin twice daily, another group received topical 10% (volume/volume (v/v)) TTO in glycerin twice daily; and the remaining group was untreated. The animals were assessed after one, four, seven and 14 cycles of ischaemia-reperfusion by thermal camera imaging, and then euthanised and sampled to investigate the degree of inflammation, collagen synthesis and apoptosis in the PUs.

Results: Although topical glycerin alone suppressed local inflammation and apoptosis, this suppressive effect was accentuated at all timepoints by the application of topical TTO + glycerin. Similarly, an increase in collagen synthesis was observed in the glycerin group and this was accentuated by TTO at all timepoints. Parallel to the histological findings, the local temperature had decreased significantly on days 4 and 7 for both treatment groups (glycerin and TTO+glycerin).

Conclusion: In this study, treatment with 10% (v/v) TTO in glycerin effectively suppressed skin inflammation and apoptosis, while it increased collagen synthesis during PU formation.
PM innovations match automotive industry challenges
Authors: Ramakrishnan P
Published: March 2023

Environmental, efficient and cost-effective manufacturing and operating all point to PM as vital for the automotive sector.
‘Massless’ energy for future electric vehicles using multifunctional structural power composites
Authors: Greenhalgh Emile S , Nguyen Sang
Published: March 2023

Can reinforced plastics serve not only as structural components but also as energy storage, replacing batteries in many transport applications?
Now is the time to invest in cyber
Authors: Marciano Miri
Published: March 2023

Cyber threats are not new, but the scale of the attacks we're seeing and the damage they are causing is unprecedented. If you haven't already put in place cyber defences, your organisation is at risk and may be facing an existential threat. This means that everyone who has been putting off investing in information security solutions needs to reconsider – and quickly.
Presentation, Diagnostic Dilemma, and a Novel Approach of Fixing a Cedell’s Fracture – A Case Report
Authors: Mukherjee Soutrik , Roy Amlan Jyoti
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Fractures of the posteromedial tubercle of talus are one of the rarer fractures encountered in clinical practice. They mostly present like an ankle sprain which often leads to missed injuries and delayed diagnosis. We present one such case, incorporating the dilemmas associated with its diagnosis, treatment, approach to the treatment and a novel way of fixation and the outcome. Not much of literature has been published in this regard. Case Report: A 38-year-old Indian military man presented with pain and swelling over posteromedial aspect of his right ankle for 7 days, following an awkward landing during one of his training drills. He was unable to bear weight on the affected limb. On examination, passive flexor hallucis longus tendon movement was painful. A 30° external rotation lateral view radiograph of the ankle showed a hypolucent shadow posterior to the posterior talar process. An avulsion fracture of the posteromedial tubercle of talus was confirmed on computed tomography scan. Internal fixation for the fracture was done by a novel mini open technique and a strict rehabilitation protocol was followed. Twelve weeks postoperatively, he was allowed to resume his work and X-ray confirmed complete bony union. The patient at 6 months follow-up did well with full range of ankle motion. Conclusion: First, a high clinical suspicion and vigilance are required for the diagnosis of a Cedell’s fracture. Missing such injuries could lead to varied morbidities. There is no blanket treatment protocol for such fractures. The ideal treatment should be customized as per the fracture morphology; and internal fixation is one of the options. The mini open technique is a viable approach to fix such fractures. Keywords: Talar process fractures, Cedell’s fracture, ankle sprain.
Knee Septic Arthritis Caused by Pantoea agglomerans
Authors: Koutserimpas Christos , Kotzias Dimitrios , Naoum Symeon , Arkoudis Nikolaos-Achilleas , Bountogiannis Petros
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Septic arthritis usually affects native joints and represents an invasion of the joint space by a wide variety of microorganisms, most commonly bacteria, such as Staphylococci, Streptococci, and Gram-negative rods. An extremely rare case of septic knee arthritis caused by Pantoea agglomerans in a 67-year-old male is presented. Case Presentation: The patient was initially treated with arthroscopic debridement, but due to persistent symptomatology open surgical debridement 3 days after initial surgery was also performed. Cultures yielded P. agglomerans and Streptococcus agalactiae. He was commenced on causative antimicrobial treatment including intravenous linezolid, ciprofloxacin, and clindamycin. He was discharged 10 days later, on oral linezolid and ciprofloxacin for 3 months. Conclusions: Delayed diagnosis in septic arthritis cases and inadequate control of the infection may lead to insufficient treatment and devastating consequences for the patient. The treatment includes surgical debridement and proper antimicrobial agents. Cultures dictate the proper treatment; hence, microbiological examination is of utmost importance, since it may reveal unusual organisms for which empirical treatment may prove insufficient. Keywords: Native joint infection, knee infection, septic knee, synovitis, arthroscopic treatment, Pantoea agglomerans.
Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Reconstruction and Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy for Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tear with Varus Knee: A Case Report
Authors: Ohno Takuya , Okamura Hiroki , Ishikawa Hiroki , Fujita Shogo , Inagaki Katsunori
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Pull-out suture, suture anchor, and open- wedge high tibial osteotomy have been widely used for surgical treatment of medial meniscus posterior root tear, and relatively good clinical results have been reported. However, radiologic and arthroscopic findings are not sufficient. This report describes the first case, to the best of our knowledge, of medial meniscus posterior root reconstruction and high tibial osteotomy for medial meniscus posterior root tear with varus knee. Case Report: A 78-year-old Japanese man was referred to our hospital due to the right popliteal pain. Plain radiography showed the mechanical axis percentage of the right limb to be 17%, indicating a varus mechanical axis. magnetic Magnetic resonance imaging noted a medial meniscus posterior root tear. Medial meniscus posterior root reconstruction and high tibial osteotomy were performed. His knee injury and osteoarthritis score improved from 22 points preoperatively to 91 points 1 year postoperatively. The graft had a good live induction and the medial meniscus hoop was maintained. Conclusion: This report is the first case, to the best of our knowledge, of medial meniscus posterior root reconstruction and high tibial osteotomy for medial meniscus posterior root tear with varus knee. This type surgical technique may be useful for a meniscus posterior root tear with varus knee. Keywords: Arthroscopy, high tibial osteotomy, knee, medial meniscus posterior root tear, meniscus reconstruction.
Intertrochanteric Femur Fracture Fixation in a Patient with Below-Knee Amputation Presents a Surgical Dilemma: A Case Report
Authors: Tanpure Sanket , Chaugule Chandrasen , Date Jay , Naikwade Deepak
Published: March 2023

Introduction: An intertrochanteric fracture (IT) with below-knee (BK) amputation is challenging to manage since it is impossible to provide the ideal amount of traction to reduce the fracture due to the lack of a foot. We emphasize this complex problem and offer solutions to overcome it. Case Presentation: A 55-year-old man with a previous ipsilateral BK amputation presented to us after an episode of fall. The patient had been using a BK prosthesis for mobilization before the fall. Radiographs revealed a femoral IT fracture. A proximal femoral nail (PFN) fixation was intended for the fracture, but positioning the patient on the fracture table for surgery proved challenging. The patient had to be carefully positioned on the fracture table during surgery. Conclusion: The reverse boot technique is an effective method for treating an IT fracture in a patient with ipsilateral BK amputation. It involves the usual technique of applying traction, achieving reduction, and fixing the fracture with a PFN of the appropriate size. The patient was able to walk with support the next day after surgery and pre-injury mobility was regained within 3 days. We here emphasize a method of applying traction with this simple modification of the fracture table to apply an adequate amount of traction safely. Keywords: Fracture table, intertrochanteric fracture, below-knee amputation.
Calcaneus Tuberosity Avulsion Fracture – A Surgical Emergency? Modified Corticocancellous Screw Fixation Technique: A Case Report
Authors: Tanpure Sanket , Date Jay , Chaughule Chandrasen , Naikwade Deepak
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Avulsion tuberosity fracture of the calcaneus is relatively unusual and occurs more frequently in elderly osteoporotic patients. Direct trauma to the heel is a rare cause in young individuals. Failure to perform early open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) potentially leads to soft-tissue complications due to pressure necrosis of the overlying skin. Case Presentation: A 29-year-old male patient experienced left heel pain with swelling after the assault as he was hit by an iron rod 8 days prior. Radiographs revealed a Beavis Type 2 calcaneal avulsion fracture. An open reduction with two corticocancellous (CC) screw fixation was intended for the fracture. Conclusion: The avulsed bone fragment was small causing difficulty in reduction. The result of closed reduction in such a scenario is not promising and usually requires ORIF. We performed a modified surgical procedure of CC screw fixation in which one screw was passed perpendicular to the fracture plane for reduction of the fracture and another screw was passed obliquely to nullify Achilles forces. We believe that this technique of fracture management improves patient outcome and early mobilization. Keywords: Avulsion, calcaneus fracture, corticocancellous screw fixation, CC screw, tuberosity fracture.
About size distribution of particles adsorbed to a spherical whispering-gallery-mode resonator in sensing experiments
Authors: Deych Lev , Shuvayev Vladimir , Khurshudyan Meri
Published: March 2023

Whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) resonators are actively used to sense and size nanoparticles. In a typical experimental setup a WGM resonator is placed in a solution to which particles to be sensed are also added. The size of the particle is inferred from the changes in the spectrum of WGM resonances caused by adsorption of the particle to the resonator's surface. The inference often depends on the assumptions about statistical distribution of the particle sizes. We show in this work that the distribution of sizes of the particles
actually detected by the resonator differs from the distribution of
sizes in the total population of the particles. This phenomenon,
which is currently not being taken into account when interpreting
experimental data, might distort sizing information extracted from
such experiments.
Utilization of adolescent friendly health services and its associated factors among higher secondary students in mid-western Himalayan mountainous district of Nepal
Authors: Sharma Mahesh , Khatri Bijay , Amatya Archana , Subedi Narayan , Upadhyaya Dipak Prasad , Sapkota Bhim Prasad , Bista Parvati
Published: March 2023

Adolescent friendly health services (AFHS) are designed to make health services accommodate the unique needs of adolescents. AFHS are characterized by three basic characteristics (programmatic, health facilities and health service providers) that should be applied. However, limited is known about the use of AFHS in the context of Nepal. This study aimed to assess the extent of AFHS utilization and associated factors among higher secondary students in the Jumla district of Nepal. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted in October-November 2017. Data were collected from a random sample of 528 aged 16–19 years old using a self-administered survey in their classroom. Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) and a 95% confidence level were estimated to measure the strength of association between the outcome variable (utilization of AFHS) and independent variable using multivariable logistic regression. Knowledge related to AFHS, measured by a seven-item scale, was based on information about the availability of AFHS. More than two-thirds (67.05%) of adolescents had utilized AFHS at least once in the last twelve months before the survey. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, knowledge level [AOR = 14.796, 95%CI (5.326–41.099)], cost of services [AOR = 2.971, 95%CI (1.764–5.003)], satisfaction from services [AOR = 1.817, 95%CI (1.037–3.185)] and availability of waiting room [AOR = 1.897, 95%CI (1.096–3.283)] were significantly associated with the utilization of AFHS. The utilization of AFHS was less than the country’s target of universal utilization in this study. Adolescents’ knowledge level about AFHS was importantly associated with its utilization. Utilization increases with lower service costs, client satisfaction, and availability of waiting rooms in the health facility. The health planners should make efforts to create a conducive environment for the adolescent by training the AFHS providers, particularly those who work in government institutions, and strengthening the awareness creation strategies among adolescents to increase the utilization of the services.
Prohexadione-calcium alleviates the leaf and root damage caused by salt stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.) at the tillering stage
Authors: Zhang Rongjun , Zheng Dianfeng , Feng Naijie , Qiu Quan-Sheng , Zhou Hang , Meng Fengyan , Huang Xixin , Huang Anqi , Li Yixiang
Published: March 2023

Salt stress, as a principal abiotic stress, harms the growth and metabolism of rice, thus affecting its yield and quality. The tillering stage is the key growth period that controls rice yield. Prohexadione-calcium (Pro-Ca) can increase the lodging resistance of plants by reducing plant height, but its effects on rice leaves and roots at the tillering stage under salt stress are still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of foliar spraying of Pro-Ca to regulate growth quality at the rice tillering stage under salt stress. The results showed that salt stress reduced the tillering ability of the rice and the antioxidant enzyme activity in the roots. Salt stress also reduced the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) of the rice leaves and increased the contents of osmotic regulatory substances in the leaves and roots. The application of exogenous Pro-Ca onto the leaves increased the tiller number of the rice under salt stress and significantly increased the photosynthetic capacity of the leaves. Additionally, it increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the AsA content. The contents of an osmotic regulation substance, malondialdehyde (MDA), and H2O2 in the leaves and roots also decreased. These results suggested that Pro-Ca can increase the tillering ability, photosynthetic capacity, osmotic adjustment substance content levels and antioxidant enzyme activity levels in rice and reduce membrane lipid peroxidation, thus improving the salt tolerance of rice at the tillering stage.
“What else to say?”–Primary health care in times of COVID-19 from the perspective of German general practitioners: An exploratory analysis of the open text field in the PRICOV-19 study
Authors: Stark Stefanie , Kluge Marie , Schaubroeck Emmily , Werner Felix , van Poel Esther , Willems Sara , Roos Marco , Kühlein Thomas , Burggraf Larissa
Published: March 2023

Background

The international collaboration study PRICOV-19 –Primary Health Care in times of COVID-19 aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the organisation of primary health care. The German part focuses on the subjective perceptions of general practitioners on primary health care and the impact of political measures during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Within this survey, the “open text field” of the questionnaire was utilised remarkably frequently and extensively by the respondents. It became clear that the content that was named needed to be analysed in an exploratory manner. Accordingly, this paper addresses the following question: What preoccupies general practitioners in Germany during COVID-19 that we have not yet asked them enough?

Methods

The data collection took place throughout Germany from 01.02.2021 to 28.02.2021with a quantitative online questionnaire consisting of 53 items arranged across six topics as well as an “open text field” for further comments. The questionnaire’s open text field was analysed following the premises of the qualitative content analysis.

Results

The topics discussed by the respondents were: insufficient support from health policies, not being prioritised and involved in the vaccination strategy, feeling insufficient prepared, that infrastructural changes and financial concerns threatened the practice, and perceiving the own role as important, as well as that health policies affected the wellbeing of the respondents. One of the main points was the way general practitioners were not sufficiently acknowledged for their contribution to ensuring high-quality care during the pandemic.

Discussion

German general practitioners perceived their work and role as highly relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic. In controversy with their perception, they described political conditions in which they were the ones who contributed significantly to the fight against the pandemic but were not given enough recognition.
Study of Bayesian variable selection method on mixed linear regression models
Authors: Li Yong , Liu Hefei , Li Rubing
Published: March 2023

Variable selection has always been an important issue in statistics. When a linear regression model is used to fit data, selecting appropriate explanatory variables that strongly impact the response variables has a significant effect on the model prediction accuracy and interpretation effect. redThis study introduces the Bayesian adaptive group Lasso method to solve the variable selection problem under a mixed linear regression model with a hidden state and explanatory variables with a grouping structure. First, the definition of the implicit state mixed linear regression model is presented. Thereafter, the Bayesian adaptive group Lasso method is used to determine the penalty function and parameters, after which each parameter’s specific form of the fully conditional posterior distribution is calculated. Moreover, the Gibbs algorithm design is outlined. Simulation experiments are conducted to compare the variable selection and parameter estimation effects in different states. Finally, a dataset of Alzheimer’s Disease is used for application analysis. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can identify the observation from different hidden states, but the results of the variable selection in different states are obviously different.
Autonomic nervous system balance in parturient mares: Spontaneous vs induced delivery
Authors: Felici Martina , Sgorbini Micaela , Baragli Paolo , Lanatà Antonio , Marmorini Paola , Camillo Francesco
Published: March 2023

Delivery is not easily predictable in horses and the consequences of dystocia can be serious for both the mare and foal. An induction protocol with low doses of oxytocin has been reported as a safe procedure. This study investigates the effect of induced delivery on at-term mares’ sympathetic-vagal balance. Fourteen mares were included and divided into two groups, one subjected to spontaneous delivery (SD), and one to induced delivery (ID). In both groups, an ECG was recorded using an elastic belt with integrated smart textile electrodes. The recording started before the delivery (Basal), continued close to delivery (Pre-delivery) and during delivery (Delivery), and ended after parturition (Placental expulsion). From the ECGs, Heart Rate Variability (HRV) parameters relating to time and frequency domains and non-linear analysis were extrapolated. The HRV analysis was performed both within the same group (IntraGA) and between the two groups (InterGA). In the present study, spontaneous and induced delivery did not appear to differ in autonomic nervous system functioning. In IntraGA analysis, both for SD and ID mares, delivery and placental expulsion periods were parasympathetic dominated since vagal-related HRV parameters increased. Moreover, no differences were found in InterGA comparison between SD and ID mares, except for the pre-delivery period of ID mares, during which both branches of the autonomic nervous system were activated. These results are in line with the literature on parasympathetic dominance during parturition and no change in Heart Rate Variability following exogenous oxytocin administration in parturient mares.
Correlations of intracranial pathology and cause of head injury with retinal hemorrhage in infants and toddlers: A multicenter, retrospective study by the J-HITs (Japanese Head injury of Infants and Toddlers study) group
Authors: Kato Mihoko , Nonaka Masahiro , Akutsu Nobuyuki , Narisawa Ayumi , Harada Atsuko , Park Young-Soo
Published: March 2023

Introduction

In infants who have suffered head trauma there are two possible explanations for retinal hemorrhage (RH): direct vitreous shaking and occurrence in association with intracranial lesions. Which possibility is more plausible was examined.

Material and methods

This multicenter, retrospective study reviewed the clinical records of children younger than four years with head trauma who had been diagnosed with any findings on head computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Of 452 cases, 239 underwent an ophthalmological examination and were included in this study. The relationships of RH with intracranial findings and the cause of injury were examined.

Result

Odds ratios for RH were significant for subdural hematoma (OR 23.41, p = 0.0004), brain edema (OR 5.46, p = 0.0095), nonaccidental (OR 11.26, p<0.0001), and self-inflicted falls (OR 6.22, p = 0.0041)

Conclusion

Although nonaccidental, brain edema and self-inflicted falls were associated with RH, subdural hematoma was most strongly associated with RH.
On the feeling of being different–an interview study with people who define themselves as highly sensitive
Authors: Roth Marcus , Gubler Danièle A. , Janelt Tobias , Kolioutsis Banous , Troche Stefan J.
Published: March 2023

The construct of “sensory processing sensitivity” has become an extremely popular concept outside the scientific literature under the term “high sensitivity” (HS), reflected in a variety of self-help guides and media reports. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate this phenomenon by examining in-depth individuals who consider the label HS essential to their self-definition. In semi-structured interviews, 38 individuals described their understanding of HS and its perceived manifestations and impact on their lives (among other topics). Subsequently, the data were content-analytically evaluated, i.e., categorized and quantified. One key finding was that HS individuals feel relief following self-attribution or self-diagnosis. Moreover, this self-attribution replaced the feeling of being somehow different from the others, which almost all interviewees mentioned, with positive attributes. The main negative features of HS mentioned were feeling overwhelmed by sensory and emotional stimuli. The results are discussed with regard to the significance of the label HS for this group on the one hand, and with regard to alternative approaches for future research on the other hand.
Expression of circulating microRNAs as diagnostic markers of prеeclampsia
Authors: Nadeim Alayasa , Shkurat Tatiana Pavlovna
Published: March 2023

Pre-eclampsia (PЕ) is defined as a severe gestational condition that appears after the twentieth weeks of pregnancy, aff ecting 5-8% worldwide. Circulating microRNАs are short, noncoding RNA molecules. The role of miRNAs was studied in many publications related to PЕ; however, the results have been inconsistent due to variety of diagnostic and prognostic values. Therefore, we conducted a mеtа-аnаlysis study tо quantify the general diagnostic effects of circulating miRNAs in the diagnosis of PЕ. We searched chosen databases and systematically collected publications for analysis from January 2017 till June 2021. Following the screening of the literature and the extraction of data. After that, we conducted a quality evaluation using the QUADAS-2 score system. A bivariate-random effect mеtа-analysis model was then used to construct the pooled diagnostic parameters. To identify the causes of heterogeneity, we conduct the threshold effect analysis as well as the subgroup analysis. Fagan`s Nomogram was used to validate the clinical utility. Moreover, sensitivity and specificity analysis were used to evaluate each study’s reliability, and to investigate the publication-bias we conducted the funnel plot asymmetry test. Our mеtа-analysis involved 8 articles, containing in total 704 pregnant women, 354 pre-eclampsia patients and 350 uncomplicated, normal pregnancy. According to the results, the total pooled results of sensitivity, specificity, and DOR were as follows: 0.88 (95% CI: 0.86-0.90), 0.87 (95% CI: 0.85-0.89) and 57.54 (95% CI: 35.24-93.94), respectively. Moreover, subgroup analysis indicated that non plasma samples and non-Asian ethnicity had higher diagnostic value, however we didn’t conduct a subgroup-analysis for the internal references subgroup due to inadequate data. We concluded that the circulating miRNAs could be used as a screening tool for pre-eclampsia diagnosis. Our mеtа-analysis shows that circulating microRNАs serve as PЕ biomarkers because of their high sensitivity and specificity. In addition, further studies using a bigger sample size is needed for better assessment of miRNAs in the diagnosis of pre-eclampsia.
Molluscicidal activities of ethanolic extracts of Calotropis procera and Morinda lucida against Lymnaea natalensis
Authors: Oyeyemi Oyetunde T. , Eneh Chioma G. , Okeke Ijeoma J.
Published: March 2023

Snails control is considered the most effective method in reducing the transmission of fascioliasis. Chemical molluscicides are reported to be toxic and ineffective due to snail resistance, hence, the need for safer and effective molluscicides. The aim of this study was to assess the molluscicidal activities of two medicinal plants against snail host of Fasciola gigantica. The molluscicidal activity of Morinda lucida and Calotropis procera was investigated against Lymnaea natalensis, the intermediate host of F. gigantica. Ethanolic extract of leaves of the tested plants were evaluated for their lethal activity against the embryos within the egg masses and adult L. natalensis. All the two tested plants exerted toxic lethal effect against both the embryos and the adult snails. While M. lucida extract appeared to be more potent at lower concentration on the embryos, the extract of C. procera leaves was significantly more potent than that of M. lucida in adult snails (P<0.05). The LC50 of ethanolic extracts of M. lucida and C. procera was 1.698 mg/ml and 0.500 mg/ml, respectively, at 72 h exposure time of adult L. natalensis. The two tested plants have molluscicidal activities, but these activities could be stage specific at certain concentrations.
Erratum: Molecular, micromorphological and anatomical study of rangeland species of Atriplex (Chenopodiaceae) in Iran
Authors: Tahmasebi Abolfazl
Published: March 2023

Erratum
Analysis of Relative Importance of Children's Disaster Vulnerability from the Perspective of Social Welfare
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Jang Hee
Published: March 2023

Discussion and reference to children's vulnerability to disasters has only recently begun. Therefore, studies on children's vulnerability to disasters are still lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the factors of children's vulnerability in the event of a disaster from the point of view of social welfare, and to analyze the relative importance of children's vulnerability to disasters for experts. Through this, it is hoped that children's vulnerability to disasters will be reflected in future disaster policy making. The analysis results are as follows. Looking at the opinions of experts, in terms of the vulnerability of children to disasters in the event of a disaster, psychological and safety vulnerabilities were recognized as the most important. Second, experts recognized that physical vulnerability was important. Finally, experts recognized developmental vulnerability as important. In particular, considering the complex weight, disaster welfare experts recognized the most important vulnerability among children's vulnerability in the event of a disaster, including dependence on their parents.
How to Improve Disaster Resilience in the Climate Crisis
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lee Jae Eun
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this paper is to suggest what are the ways to improve disaster resilience in the era of climate crisis. Some suggestions to increase disaster resilience can be presented as follows. Establishing the core system, including value, institute, leadership, devotion, expertise; Various stakeholders in the public and private sectors to participate in the decision-making and activities; Community to have the economic capacity to secure the resources to enhance disaster resilience; A long-term effective permanent cooperation platform between different social systems; The socially embedded disaster management system with disaster resilience for overcoming the impact of mega-disaster; Increasing disaster relief and welfare support activities for the resilience of disaster victims; Developing the role and capacity of the local community and active participation of local residents; Reducing disaster vulnerability, such as increasing investment in safety-vulnerable classes, regions, and facilities; An integrated disaster management organization that can respond externally while maintaining the internal efficiency of the organization.
Awareness Survey on Disaster Psychological Support: Targeted at One Nursing College Student
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Choi Jae Eun , Bae Jeong Yee
Published: March 2023

This study was attempted to identify the difference between psychological support and necessity according to the perception of disaster by examining disaster awareness, disaster psychological support and necessity for nursing students, and to secure basic data for disaster nursing and disaster psychological support. The subjects of this study were 127 subjects who were conveniently sampled from nursing students at one university, and the collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test. 56% of the subjects experienced disasters and earthquakes (59.2%) were the most experienced. Disaster awareness and psychological support awareness and necessity were 3.99±0.65 points, 2.59±1.05 points, and 4.02±0.88 points, respectively. As a result of this study, it was confirmed that the higher the awareness of disaster, the higher the need for disaster psychological support, and the higher the awareness of disaster psychological support, the higher the need for disaster psychological support. it is necessary to be.
Empirical Analysis of Korea's Official Development Assistance in the Health Sector
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Sul Jin Bae , Lee Eun Mi
Published: March 2023

Has Korea contributed to the health of recipient countries so far? Are we responding appropriately to the demand for aid? To provide a basis for answering these questions, this study aims to verify whether Korea's official development assistance (ODA) has contributed to the health of its recipient countries. The data for this study were created by combining ODA data from 2004 to 2019 provided by the KOICA with health information from the 60 recipient countries, extracted from the UNDP database during the same period. This empirical analysis, showed that Korea's ODA contributed to the improvement of life expectancy in the health sector of the recipient countries, and the amount of trade with the recipient country also was positively effected. By region, life expectancy in Asia and Africa was lower which indicates the need for continuous support.
Institutional Approach to Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism in Nigeria—National Human Rights Commission in Perspective
Authors: Agu Benedict Okay
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the institutional approach to preventing and countering violent extremism through the role of the National Human Rights Commission, Nigeria. It uses primary and secondary materials to argue that extreme violent activities by the Boko Haram sect, armed bandits, kidnappers etc, have impact on the enjoyment of human rights by citizens and jeopardize peace and security, as well as threatening social and economic development. The article recommends that the average citizen in Nigeria ought to be given a reorientation to instil in them value for human life, property and dignity of the human person and patriotism to checkmate and prevent violent extremism in the country, among other recommendations.

Keywords: institutional approach; violent extremism; human rights; National Human Rights Commission, Nigeria.
Pre-Action Protocols and Pre-Action Dispute Resolution Processes
Authors: McCloud Victoria
Published: March 2023

This article explores the role of ‘alternative’ dispute resolution in the context of the publication of Part 1 of the Civil Justice Council (CJC) Review of Pre-Action Protocols, to which the author contributed. The relationship between the CJC Report and the Master of the Rolls’ vision for the future of digital justice are considered as are the most salient details of the Report’s proposals, not least mandating dispute resolution engagement, digitalizing portals to manage pre-action steps and gather rich data, and a process for raising alleged failures to comply. The article concludes with consideration of further improvements which the use of technology and rich data may bring, on the near, medium and far horizons.

Keywords: alternative dispute resolution; ADR; mediation; early neutral evaluation; ENE; negotiation; pre-action protocol; settlement; artificial intelligence; AI; funnel; digital pathfinder; deep learning; reinforcement; sanctions; non-compliance; rich data.
Mediation and Cultural Change
Authors: Allport Lesley A
Published: March 2023

In this article I describe the most significant legislative developments in England and Wales in relation to mediation over the last 25 years. Similar patterns emerge from a number of consultations and reforms across several different sectors of mediation provision. One of the most notable is the perception of mediation as a means by which to achieve a culture change in the way that disputes are handled. Recent legislation affecting several fields of delivery has attempted to position mediation as the default process which encourages informality and individual responsibility, with adjudication as the exception when all else fails. At the same time, these efforts cannot be divorced from the clear motivation to reduce time, costs and pressure generally on the civil justice system. In either case, these aspirations have not been fully realized. The take-up of mediation has been relatively low and has led to recurring debates about whether it should be mandatory. Conflicting interests and expectations have led to a lack of clarity and have resulted in a struggle to establish a mediation provision which meets the needs of individuals in dispute as well as those of the civil justice system, public sector funders and the Government. This raises considerable challenges for the mediation community.

Keywords: mediation; voluntariness; culture change; mandatory mediation; civil justice; legislation.
An analysis of the judicial and legislative attitude to hearsay electronic data in South Africa
Authors: Mahmoud Rilwan
Published: March 2023

This article analyses the judicial and legislative attitude in relation to electronically stored information presented as evidence in South Africa. The article also evaluates the adequacy of the regulation of admissibility and weight ascription to electronic information particularly the Electronic Communications and Transactions Act (ECTA) 2002. The paper suggests that electronically stored information might not sufficiently be analysed and assessed using the rules of documentary evidence and recommends some amendments including clearer definitions of electronic information which are statements, electronic information that is contained in documents, and electronic information that are created wholly by electronic algorithms and software. 
Index words: South Africa; electronically stored information; admissibility; hearsay; Electronic Communications and Transactions Act 2002
A representação da masculinidade nas capas de disco do rock brasileiro da década de 1960
Authors: Bachega Casadei Eliza , Vargas Herom
Published: March 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir como as imagens nas capas dos discos de rock brasileiro da década de 1960 mediavam ideais de masculinidade, em um período em que tais definições genéricas estavam sob o impacto de importantes reterritorializações sígnicas. Com base no pressuposto teóricometodológico de que a cultura é composta por textos culturais e é codificada em vários sistemas de signos, a partir da semiótica da cultura tentamos observar aspectos da representação da masculinidade nas imagens das capas com foco nas construções do gênero. Como resultados, destacamos continuidades de padrões da masculinidade hegemônica nas imagens e descontinuidades semânticas nas representações. Isso mostra, de um lado, como as ideais de masculinidade historicamente marcados foram inscritos nas imagens e, de outro, como as novas representações começaram a ser usadas nas capas.
Duas estrelas vão ao céu: a sobrevida de Gal Costa e Rolando Boldrin
Authors: Fecchio Gueraldo Vinícius José
Published: March 2023

Por uma infeliz coincidência da contingência, duas estrelas do nosso cancioneiro foram, tal como Macunaíma, para o “campo vasto do céu”. 1 Gal Costa e Rolando Boldrin fizeram a viagem final no mesmo dia nove de novembro de 2022, mas suas obras continuam a brilhar e constituir a ampla constelação da música popular brasileira, que, como diz Benjamin, “são mais claramente visíveis nos extremos”. 2 Isto é, pela distância que os aproxima, suas obras têm muito a nos ensinar sobre a nossa maneira de fazer canções. A constância de Boldrin e as muitas metamorfoses de Gal expõem e pensam, cada qual a sua maneira, um traço característico das chamadas formações periféricas do sistema capitalista, a saber, a necessidade da manutenção de práticas e ideias ditas tradicionais ou arcaicas para a realização do moderno ou do novo
O Recife de Gilberto Freyre
Authors: Lippi Oliveira Lucia Lippi Oliveira
Published: March 2023

O artigo acompanha o caminho trilhado por Gilberto Freyre para falar da sua Recife. O autor combina descrições das transformações em curso — reformas urbanas nos anos 1920 — com lembranças, reminiscências de outros tempos. Apresenta a cidade a seus moradores e ao turista ao se reportar ao clima, às casas, aos prédios, às manifestações populares. Indica o que deve ser visto e visitado. Registra o que seria específico do Recife e o compara com o Rio de Janeiro e com Salvador. O título do seu livro deve ser levado a sério; trata-se de um “guia prático, histórico e sentimental” da cidade
Técnica PSInSAR na Avaliação de Deslocamentos: Análise Conceitual, Aplicações e Perspectivas
Authors: Alves Sérgio da Conceição , Krueger Cláudia Pereira , Dalazoana Regiane
Published: March 2023

Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (PSInSAR™) é uma técnica de sensoriamento remoto que usa como base a técnica Differential InSAR (DInSAR), porém, emprega uma série de interferogramas diferenciais advindas de uma pilha de imagens Single Look Complex - Synthetic Aperture Radar (SLC-SAR) devidamente corregistradas e adquiridas em um intervalo de tempo sobre uma mesma área para, de tal modo, selecionar pixels que apresentam um índice de dispersão da amplitude dentro de um limiar estabelecido e, assim, gerar uma série histórica de deslocamento da superfície. A PSInSAR™ usa pixels que contenham dispersores persistentes que são caracterizados por obras de engenharia como pontes, taludes, telhados, casas, prédios, e algumas feições naturais como rochas. Por meio da análise da fase desses pixels, a PSInSAR™ consegue superar algumas dificuldades encontradas com a DInSAR, tais como, problemas correlacionados com a falta de correlação atmosférica, temporal e espacial. Desde a sua idealização no início dos anos de 2000 e devido a sua capacidade de mapear deslocamentos superficiais a uma acurácia milimétrica, a PSInSAR™ vem sendo amplamente usada em estudos sobre subsidências, deslizamentos, monitoramento de barragens, monitoramento de minas e de estruturas de engenharia no modo geral. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo descreve o princípio básico de funcionamento da técnica, investiga a sua aplicabilidade no âmbito nacional e internacional e apresenta os pacotes de processamento existentes no mercado assim como o acesso de dados interferométricos que possibilitam à utilização da PSInSAR™.
Involving people with lived experience in physiotherapy education - Research report one: Reflecting together to enhance teaching outcomes
Authors:   Bournemouth University, Dorset, United Kingdom, Jury Rachel , Mohan Vikram ,   Bournemouth University, Dorset, United Kingdom, Hughes Mel ,   Bournemouth University, Dorset, United Kingdom
Published: March 2023

In September 2014, the physiotherapy regulator for England and Wales (Health and Care Professions Council) introduced an education and training standard requiring service user and carer involvement in all approved programmes (HCPC 2018) including physiotherapy. Despite this, a scoping literature search on the involvement of people with lived experience in physiotherapy education and training returned only two results (Thomson and Hilton 2011, 2013), both of which pre-date the regulatory requirement. This means that there is no documented scientific literature on a client's lived experience involvement in a physiotherapy course since the introduction of this standard.
Physiotherapy skills in the difference of years of therapists’ experience and affiliations
Authors:   Department of Physical Therapy, Osaka University of Human Sciences, Okayama Yumi , Daikuya  ,   Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Hokuriku University
Published: March 2023

In Japan, a physiotherapist is considered to be ‘experienced’ and having sufficient time in the field, regardless of their level, efficacy, or quality of training, after five years of practice. However, this definition is insufficient for establishing quality and uniformity among physiotherapists in Japan. The purpose of this study was to establish the groundwork for standardisation in education and evaluation. It aimed to evaluate physiotherapy skills by means of a Weight Shift (WS) practical assessment task. Participants of this study included 10 physiotherapists from two institutions. The WS task was repeated three times on a simulated patient. The ground reaction force (GRF) of the simulated patient was recorded during the task. The ratio of the centre of pressure (COP) displacement was calculated by dividing the COP displacement by the distance between the centre of pressure of both feet of the simulated patient to normalise. Correlational statistical analysis was used to confirm whether years of experience changes the degree of WS. The obtained data was compared between the institutions of therapists. The results of this study confirm that the correlation between the data obtained and years of therapists’ experience is weak or absent. There were significant differences between each institution’s ratios for COP displacement as well as for the maximum GRF. It was considered that years of therapists’ experience does not necessarily correlate with physiotherapy skill, especially if participants had six or more years of experience. Greater differences were observed between institutions with regards to the characteristics of physiotherapy skill.
Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor gene exploration as possible markers for prolific trait of local goat in Indonesia
Authors: Setiatin E. T. , Lestari D. A. , Harjanti D. W. , Setiaji A. , Kurnianto E.
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study was to discover and identify the effect of SNP of follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) gen on prolific traits in Kejobong (KJ) and Etawah grade (EG) doe. A total of 15 blood samples were taken from 11 KJ and 4 EG with various parity and type of birth. The FSHR gene was amplified from the DNA template by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR); the PCR products were then sequenced to determine Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP). Results showed that 3 SNPs were identified, and those SNPs altered amino acid sequence formed 6 haplotypes and divided the doe based on the type of birth. In conclusion, SNPs identified in this study are associated with a prolific trait that can be used as a genetic marker and haplotype 3, 4, and 5 showed the highest prolific on KJ and EG doe.