bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zastupljenost neformalnog i informalnog učenja u profesionalnom razvoju učitelja
Authors: Skupnjak Draženka , Tot Daria
Published: July 2019

Temeljni koncept na kojem počiva učiteljev profesionalni razvoj je profesionalno učenje kao cjeloživotan, otvoren, dinamičan i trajan proces različitih oblika formalnog, neformalnog i informalnog učenja. Istraživanja su dugo vremena bila usmjerena na područje formalnog obrazovanja, odnosno institucionalno organizirano učenje. Razvojem koncepta cjeloživotnog učenja u fokus ulaze i drugi oblici obrazovanja i učenja. Različiti modeli i varijacije neformalnog i informalnog učenja međusobno se u mnogim dijelovima isprepliću, a cilj je ovog istraživanja bio utvrđivanje koji su od tih oblika najzastupljeniji u profesionalnom razvoju učitelja razredne nastave. Na uzorku od 506 ispitanika Varaždinske, Međimurske, Koprivničko-križevačke i Bjelovarsko-bilogorske županije utvrđeno je da učitelji najučestalijim oblicima procjenjuju suradnju s drugim učiteljima u školi, neformalne razgovore s kolegama sustručnjacima, sudjelovanje na tečajevima, radionicama ili seminarima izvan škole, ŽSV-a te praćenje medija. Najmanje je zastupljeno sudjelovanje u međuškolskim/međunarodnim projektima i volontiranje. U nekim oblicima neformalnog i informalnog učenja također je utvrđena statistički značajna razlika s obzirom na godine učiteljskog staža i vrstu inicijalnog obrazovanja.
Participacija učenika putem primjene i procjene uspješnosti MAPS tehnike osobno usmjerenog planiranja – studija slučaja
Authors: Opačak Tanja , Krampač Grljušić Aleksandra , Lončarić Marija
Published: July 2019

Within the frame of the concept of inclusive education in which the active participation of students with disabilities and individualized support of great importance to educational success and personal satisfaction of students, we applied and evaluated the MAPS technique of person-centered approach to planning for the student of the 5th-grade elementary school. The study was conducted as a case study for a student with disabilities with a total of 14 respondents of whom 10 adults and four fifth grade students. The data were collected through interviews with all participants and observation of the student for whom MAPS was applied. By qualitative data processing, we gained a clearer insight into the subjective experiences and emotions of the participants. Those are divided into 5 thematic areas. A positive contribution to person-centred planning on the quality of life of students with disabilities (greater acceptance of pupils in the classroom environment, development of student social and communication skills, friendship, leisure time) has been noted, which can contribute to the easier adaptation of student to the demands placed by higher classes elementary schools. The conducted research indicates the importance of using MAPS as a way of individualized support for students with disabilities. At the same time, it emphasized the necessity of participation of students with disabilities and their peers in the planning and the implementation of MAPS process. MAPS technique of person-centered planning is a good example of inclusive practice in the general educational system.
Thinking in a foreign language distorts allocation of cognitive effort: Evidence from reasoning.
Authors: Bialek Michal , Muda Rafal , Stewart Kaiden M , Niszczota Paweł , Pieńkosz Damian
Published: July 2019

Bilinguals, in their foreign language, are spared from common decision-making biases. Typically, this “Foreign Language Effect” results in increased accuracy. We examined the Foreign Language Effect in the context of logical reasoning, in which reasoners are required to track the logical status of a syllogism, ignoring its believability. Across three experiments, we found the reverse Foreign Language Effect; foreign language reasoners are less able to evaluate the logical structure of syllogisms, but no less biased by their believability. One path to succeeding in reasoning tasks is always engaging in reflective processing. A more efficient strategy is metacognitively tracking whether belief-based intuitions conflict with logic-based intuitions and only reflecting when such conflict is present. We provide evidence that foreign language reasoners are less accurate because they struggle to detect belief-logic conflict, and in turn fail to engage in reflective processing when necessary to override the incorrect, intuitive response. We propose that foreign language reasoners are less able to detect belief-logic conflict either due to weakened intuitions or due to a more conservative threshold for the detection of conflict between multiple competing intuitions. Data for the experiments can be accessed publicly at https://osf.io/phbuq/
Tugas Section 8 Matakuliah Audit Sistem Informasi
Authors: Aryatama Apriyan
Published: July 2019

Pada tahap kebijakan, tim manajemen Perusahaan Umum Jaminan Kredit Indonesia menyutujui dilakukannya audit sistem informasi untuk menemukan permasalahan yang terjadi pada proses kerja layanan Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR). Pada tahap perencanaan sistem, auditor mengumpulkan data primer dan sekunder, seperti hasil kuisoner, data nasabah, ktp, surat ijin usaha, surat riwayat belum pernah mengambil KUR, form pengajuan KUR, dan surat keterangan usaha. Teknik pengumpulan daya yang digunakan meliputi wawancara, observasi, kuisoner, dan studi pustaka. Pada audit sistem informasi layanan KUR memiliki ruang lingkup kerangka kerja COBIT yang berawal dari penyebaran kuisoner yang dilakukan peneliti kepada pihak-pihak terkait.
Factors Influencing Research Productivity of Private Higher Education Institutions Lecturers in Kopertis Region XII Maluku and North Maluku
Authors: yusuf maryani
Published: July 2019

A researcher is said to be productive after publishing their findings. The analysis of the Science and Technology Index portal, called SINTA, shows the productivity of researches of private higher education institutions lecturers in Kopertis Region XII Maluku and North Maluku is still very low. The ranking of private higher education institutions in Kopertis Region XII compared with other universities in Indonesia further strengthens the opinion. This research aimed to determine the factors influencing the research productivity of private higher education institutions lecturers in Kopertis Region XII. The method used was an online survey on 155 samples of lecturers in Maluku and North Maluku. The data obtained were analyzed statistically descriptive. The results showed that research productivity is influenced by individual and institutional factors. Individually, the biggest driving factor is the perception of the function and benefits of research for human life, while the smallest one is the desires to be famous and financial benefits. The biggest inhibiting factor is the limited cost of research and publication, while the smallest is the motivation to research and publish. Institutionally, library facilities are deemed inadequate, thus contributing less to the increase of research productivity.
AUDIT SISTEM LAYANAN KREDIT USAHA RAKYAT (KUR) DENGAN KERANGKA KERJA COBIT
Authors: SUWARNO MUJI
Published: July 2019

AbstractPerusahaan Umum Jaminan Kredit Indonesia menyetujui dilakukannya audit sistem informasi untuk menemukan permasalahan yang terjadi pada proses kerja layanan KUR. Audit sistem informasi layanan KUR memiliki ruang lingkup kerangka kerja COBIT yang yang pelaksanaanya di mulai dengan penyebaran Kuisioner untuk penelitian pada pihak – pihak terkait . Audit Sistem Informsai ini di lakukan untuk menemukan permasalahan yang terjadi pada tahap perencanaan sistem, pengumpulan data primer dan skunder. `Kata Kunci : Audit sitem informasi, cobit
Administrasi Hubungan Sekolah dan Masyarakat
Authors: Ramadhani Asri Saudi , Afriansyah Hade
Published: July 2019

This article aims to describe how the administration of school and community relations regarding planning, implementation and evaluation. The method used is descriptive qualitative research. The techniques for collecting data through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed using interactive model and examination of data validity through source triangulation and techniques.
TEKNIS PEWADAHAN SAMPAH
Authors: afifaldi Muhamad
Published: July 2019

Pengelolaan sampah perkotaan terdiri dari kegiatan pewadahan sampai dengan pembuangan akhir sampah. Pengelolaan harus bersifat terpadu dengan melakukan pemilahan sejak dari sumbernya. Salah satu teknis dalam kegiatan pengelolaan sampah adalah pewadahan. Pewadahan merupakan tahap awal dari rangkaian pengelolaan sampah yang nantinya akan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas dari tahap-tahap pengelolaan berikutnya. Pewadahan sampah yang kurang optimal akan menyebabkan timbulnya timbunan sampah liar yang berpotensi menimbulkan permasalahan pada lingkungan dan kesehatan masyarakat. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi kegiatan pewadahan, antara lain ketersediaan fasilitas pewadahan, kegiatan pemilahan, serta prilaku dari masyarakat yang terlibat langsung dalam permasalahan berikut solusi penanganan sampah. Faktor ketersediaan fasilitas pewadahan sampah berpengaruh terhadap prilaku dari masyarakat, karena masyarakat terdorong berprilaku membuang sampah sembarangan akibat dari ketiadaan tempat sampah. Kegiatan pemilahan dilakukan sebagai dasar penentuan sistem managemen limbah padat yang didukung dengan data komposisi sampah. Komposisi sampah sendiri merupakan penggambaran dari masing-masing komponen yang terdapat pada sampah dan distribusinya. Kedua faktor sebelumnya sangat dipengaruhi oleh perilaku dari masyarakat yang ada, maka dari itu masyarakat perlu untuk memahami pentingnya kegiatan pemilahan di sumber serta dampak dari membuang sampah sembarangan. Kondisi tersebut yang mendorong karya ilmiah ini dibuat dengan maksud dan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi teknis pewadahan dalam pengelolaan sampah terhadap SNI 19-2454-2002 Tentang Tata Cara Teknik Operasional Pengelolaan Sampah Perkotaan bagian pewadahanKata Kunci: Sampah; Pewadahan; Teknis Operasional; Pengelolaan Sampah
Comparative Study of Propofol and Etomidate on the Haemodynamic Effects During Induction and Endotracheal Intubation
Authors: Rayamajhi Mallika , Thapa Puja , Khadka Anjan , Amatya Biswa Ram , Bajracharya Udaya
Published: July 2019

Introduction: While most intravenous induction agents decrease arterial blood pressure, laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation increase the heart rate and blood pressure. Propofol causes a decrease in systemic blood pressure whereas etomidate has minimal effects on the cardiovascular system. This study aims to evaluate and compare the hemodynamic effects of propofol and etomidate during induction and endotracheal intubation.
Methods: 62 ASA I and II patients, 20-60 years of age, scheduled for elective surgery were enrolled in this prospective, randomised and double blind comparative study. Group A received inj. Propofol (2 mg/kg) and group B received inj. Etomidate (0.3 mg/kg), as induction agents. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure were recorded after induction and after intubation at one, three, five and ten minutes and intergroup comparisons were made.
Results: After induction the decrease in systolic, diastolic and the mean arterial pressures were more in group A compared to group B (p = 0.003, 0.004 and 0.002). After 1 minute of intubation all haemodynamic parameters increased from the baseline with no significant differences between the two groups (p >0.05). At three minutes the decrease in heart rate, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure was more in group A than group B with p values of 0.001, 0.002 and 0.05, however systolic blood pressures showed no significant difference (p = 0.144). The decrease in blood pressures showed significant difference between the two groups (p <0.05) at five and ten minutes but the decrease in heart rate remained significant only at five minutes of intubation (p = 0.001).
Conclusions: Propofol and etomidate are both effective in preventing the haemodynamic changes due to induction and endotracheal intubation, with etomidate providing more haemodynamic stability.
Reward Management and Affective Commitment among Faculties in Nepalese Higher Education
Authors: Kharel Shreekrishna
Published: July 2019

This study tries to investigate the relationship between reward management and affective commitment in faculty in higher educational organizations. This follows a questionnaire survey of variables with a five- point likert and uses regression analysis, coefficient of variation, normality test, factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha for analytical tools. The result shows a positive relationship between reward management and affective commitment. Hence reward management has been seemed to be beneficial for affective commitment. The sectoral sampling adequacy and number of organizations represented in survey might be the small for general implications of the results despite its analytical soundness.
Anxiety in children with hyperkinetic disorder (literature review)
Authors: Gasanov R. F. , Makarov I. V. , Emelina D. A.
Published: July 2019

The review article reveals the problems of hyperkinetic and anxiety disorders comorbidity. It is shown that these disorders have common etiological and pathogenetic factors, as well as clinical symptoms. In addition, the therapy of both pathological conditions has similar targets, which suggests that the hyperkinetic disorder and anxiety disorders of childhood can be called not only concomitant, but also comorbid.
Reflections: The Body in the Body of My Work
Authors: Richards Cynthia
Published: July 2019

Reading literature has long been viewed as an escape from the body, an edifying removal from the immediacy of experience and a necessary check on essentialism. This essay reconsiders that truism by charting the relationship between the body of a scholar and the body of her work, a journey that begins with the advent of the Iraq War and the intention to make the war present to American students by teaching the representation of war in the literature of the eighteenth century, a period of nearly continuous military conflict. That focus leads to the reframing of the value of literature as connected to its refusal to ignore bodily vulnerabilities, insights informed by the recent growth in disability studies, body studies, and trauma theory as well as the writer’s own awareness of her body’s vulnerabilities. The essay concludes by arguing that scholars can engage the materiality of bodies without forfeiting historicity or the storied virtues of literary “disinterestedness,” and that bodies matter when we read, particularly to the bodies that read in the here and now.
Impolite Hostilities and Vague Sympathies: Academia as a Site of Cyclical Abuse
Authors: Cooke Nicole A.
Published: July 2019

In this autoethnographic article I reflect on my experiences as a now-tenured faculty member of color, which have been punctuated by incivility, bullying, stress, and abuse. As part of reconciling several acute events, I came to a distinct realization of what I had been going through; I was able to name it, and I was able to articulate the strategies I had been using to cope and thrive. This reflective piece is not meant to minimize the experiences of non-minority faculty, but it is absolutely meant to highlight and emphasize the specific challenges of being faculty member of color in library and information science, and in the academy writ large.
The Danger of an Untold Story: Excerpts from My Life as a Black Academic
Authors: Hill Renee F.
Published: July 2019

People of color who choose careers in higher education may encounter microaggressions, marginalization, and other unpleasant situations. This narrative shares the experiences and perspectives of one African-American academic’s experiences with the intent of encouraging academic professionals from underrepresented populations to persevere.
The Non-White Man’s Burden in LIS Education: Critical Constructive Nudges
Authors: Mehra Bharat
Published: July 2019

Traditionally, American library and information science (LIS) education and librarianship have been predominantly white and female-oriented professions. As an international gay male person of color (originally from India) in its ranks, I have embraced social justice scholarship outside and within our bastion institutions of higher learning during a 14.5-year tenure as an LIS educator in the United States. This article reflects on select experiences as a minority along multiple intersectional dimensions of human experience and socially constructed identity markers, including race/ethnicity, national origins, sex, gender, and sexual orientation. Indulging in these musings allows me to decipher layers of complexities shaping faculty interpersonal microaggressions, a perceived lack of equal/equitable recognition of contributions, and limited comparable administrative growth/opportunities. These are discussed as hypothesized encounters in the form of few imagined scenarios or key episodes connected in the form of a searching narrative. It develops an alternative “voice” to identify possible directions that might transform LIS education beyond its “feel good” practices/policies surrounding diversity, inclusion, and collegiality and give it greater relevance in the twenty-first century. The goal is to engage authentic conversations that address behaviors of perceived prejudice, bias, abuse, and discrimination (intentional or unintentional) by LIS faculty/administrators targeting male faculty of color and “marginalized” others (e.g., first-generation graduates) in academic and professional networks.
Theodicy and Black Theological Anthropology in James Cone’s Theological Identity
Authors: Joseph Celucien L.
Published: July 2019

This article’s underlying objective is to reassess James H. Cone’s theological vision and meaning, with a special interest in his theological anthropology, Christology, and his efforts to articulate cogently an adequate response to the crisis of black theodicy in the United States. Cone’s theological identity is framed within the discourse of the greater African American intellectual (radical) tradition, the Black Consciousness movement, as well as within the historical trajectories of the crisis of American white theology and the segregated white Church. While Cone’s theological corpus is associated with the emergence of a constructive theology of emancipation in the Americas, his theological knowledge and political theology evoked the American democratic tradition and ideals. Cone insisted that African Americans should also be beneficiaries of the promises of democracy and the nation’s future possibilities. Yet Cone, as a fierce critic of the American democracy and white supremacy, was not optimistic about the willingness of the American government to provide liberative political interventions to black theodicy and suffering; rather, he sought an alternative, one that is abstract and theoretical but experimental and psychological: the cross of Christ as a possible solution to the crisis of black theodicy. Hence, Cone could develop a Christology of appropriation to deal symbolically with the burden of black history of suffering and pain in relation to the historic suffering and agony of Jesus Christ. For Cone, the theological is implicated in the political and the cultural; while the political is not cathartic, the theological may provide a mental relief to black folk.
Religious and Philosophical Motives in the Works of S.A. Yesenin: From Paradise Lost to Rediscovery through Poetic Language
Authors: Gonotskaya Nadezhda Vasiljevna , Kirilenko Galina Georgievna
Published: July 2019

This article undertakes a rational reconstruction of the religious aspect of Yesenin’s work to destroy some stereotypes of the daily and creative life of the poet. It first shows the external religious and metaphorical structure of Yesenin’s poetry. Central to that poetry is the concept of salvation or the image of the Christian idea of the fall, redemption, and salvation. The creation of images of Russia as a lost paradise, sacrificial way, holy foolishness, and redemption through the resurrection of the world, and of the world tree as paradise regained, are tropes making up the system of Yesenin’s poetics. The idea of art as a double vision is introduced as an explanatory principle of the poet’s world view. It is shown that Yesenin’s religious and poetic outlook is a promising object of phenomenological analysis.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDEKATAN RIGOROUS MATHEMATICAL THINKING (RMT) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA
Authors: Aulia Enggar Tri , Fitriyani Harina
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this research is to improve students' problem solving skills using Rigorous Mathematical Thinking (RMT) approach.  Qualitative research method with the type of Classroom Action Research (CAR). This research was conducted in class VIII H of SMP N 2 Sewon, Bantul. As a data collection technique used consists of tests, observations, and interviews. This research data analysis technique uses an interactive analysis model according to Miles, Matthew B, Michael. Huberman (2014). The results showed that mathematics learning using rigorous mathematical thinking (RMT) approach could improve the problem solving abilities of class VIII H students of SMP N 2 Sewon.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH TERHADAP KINERJA DAN MOTIVASI GURU DI SMP NEGERI KOTA LUBUKLINGGAU
Authors: Erwandi Rudi
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja dan motivasi guru. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode asosiatif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis adalah analisis regresi  linear sederhana dan berganda, uji t dan uji F. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara kepemimpinan  kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru sebesar 35,8%. Artinya kedua variabel dapat berjalan seiring, semakin kondusif kepemimpinan kepala sekolah  maka  akan  semakin  baik  tingkat  kinerja guru; 2) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru yaitu sebesar  99,3%. Artinya motivasi kerja pada guru akan mempengaruhi aktivitas guru di sekolah untuk pencapaian kinerja guru yang maksimal. Motivasi yang tinggi juga akan mendorong guru mengembangkan kreativitas dan mengaktualisasikan semua kemampuan serta energi yang dimilikinya demi mencapai prestasi yang maksimal; dan 3) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja guru sebesar 96,8%. Kedua variabel yaitu kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan motivasi kerja berjalan seiring dengan variabel kinerja guru, artinya semakin baik kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan motivasi kerja, maka semakin tinggi pula kinerja guru tersebut.
Value and Structure of Public Aid in Poland Against the European Union Background During the Years 2007-2012
Authors: Kisiel Roman , Kamińska Małgorzata , Lizińska Wiesława
Published: July 2019

Evaluation of changes in the value and structure of public aid in Poland and EU during the years 2007-2012 was the objective of the paper. The data from reports by the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection as well as data from the State Aid Scoreboard published by the European Commission based on the information provided by the Member States concerning that aid was used. In Poland, evident increasing trends of the horizontal aid value can be observed. In 2012, as compared to 2007, it increased by 0.5 billion euro to the level of 1.64 billion euro. Its share in the total value of support oscillates within 55-60% range. In the European Union that share is generally at the level of 70-74%. In Poland, the sectoral aid is limited gradually although its magnitude still differs from the Union standards. In 2012, the share of that aid was relatively small at ca. 14% while in the EU it was 12.9%. The regional aid is at the similar level both in Poland and in the EU oscillating around 20%. However, in 2012, the share of regional aid in Poland increased to the level of 26% and it was higher by 8 pp than the share of that aid in the EU. Significant differences are characteristic for the share of the aid in the GDP. During the period covered by the study the largest differences occurred in 2010 when the share of support in Poland was 1.7% of the GDP and in the EU 0.6% of the GDP. In 2012, a half of the public aid in Poland was allocated to large enterprises.
Balance Sheet and Tax Aspects of Bank Debt Remission
Authors: Wiszniowski Edward
Published: July 2019

Tax and balance sheet aspects of bank debt redemption. This paper is devoted to the redemption of bank liabilities, which constitutes one of the tools used by banks in the re-structuring of borrowers' debts. This is not an optimal form of shaping the relationship between the creditor and the debtor but under certain conditions, in the case of a partial redemption or redemption of a certain components of the debt, it may at least partially off-set the outstanding claims of the creditor. From the point of view of the banks, in the case of debt relief, tax laws should be considered restrictive as they contain a very limited cost catalogue qualifying them to be considered as revenue costs. From the perspective of the balance sheet, liability redemption tends to be the most neutral because the banks are obligated to perform regular write-downs on receivables. Debt redemption usually occurs after possible execution alternatives against the debtor have been pursued, and therefore when a full write-down has been created on bank's liability.
Comparative Analysis of Selected Elements of Polish and Spanish Accounting System
Authors: Burchart Renata , Monteys Ramon Soldevila de
Published: July 2019

The article presents the history and premises of revolts of accounting and basic rules of double-entry bookkeeping system, which is international, so is the same both in Poland and Spain. The comparative analysis verifies, the existence of many similarities and only a few differences between Polish and Spanish annual accounts. Differences in both countries between a structure of balance sheet and income statement are of a minor character. There are different economic conditions for firms in both countries which can prepare the abbreviated format for annual accounts. The analysis of documents shows that Spanish General Accounting Plan is much more precise (359 pages) then Polish Act of Accounting (137 pages).
Fundamental Portfolio Construction Based on Semi-Variance
Authors: Rutkowska-Ziarko Anna
Published: July 2019

In models for creating a fundamental portfolio, based on the classical Markowitz model, the variance is usually used as a risk measure. However, equal treatment of negative and positive deviations from the expected rate of return is a slight shortcoming of variance as the risk measure. Markowitz defined semi-variance to measure the negative deviations only. However, finding the fundamental portfolio with minimum semi-variance is not possible with the existing methods.The aim of the article is to propose and verify a method which allows to find a fundamental portfolio with the minimum semi-variance. A synthetic indicator is constructed for each company, describing its economic and financial situation. The method of constructing fundamental portfolios using semi-variance as the risk measure is presented. The differences between the semi-variance fundamental portfolios and variance fundamental portfolios are analysed on example of companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.
Observation Depth Measure in a Sample in the Voivodeship Classification of the Property Market
Authors: Kobylińska Małgorzata
Published: July 2019

The problem of classification has long been an object of interest in many fields of knowledge. It allows homogeneous groups of objects to be obtained with respect to a given criterion. The selection of the appropriate distance measure, which is used in the clustering of multivariate objects, has an important effect on the obtained classification results. This paper uses observation depth measure in a sample ofvoivodeship classification, with respect to selected features concerning the property market in 2011. Voivodeships characterized by typical values for all analysed features were distinguished and those which could be considered outliers were so designated because of high or low values for the studied variables.
Survey on Cloud Computing Techniques for Data Integrity Checking
Authors: Haroun Rahma , AlKabour Ahmed
Published: July 2019

Cloud computing is a term that used instead of internet to describe the infrastructure, software services and storage via internet. Large data centers are available in cloud for remotely store user data. The users have no data control privileges when the data transferred to the Cloud and they are not aware of any security risk. Data can be altered by unauthorized user, threats and dishonest server. Farther more, Data which are either unused for a long a time or takes large memory space can be deleted by cloud service provider. The main issue of cloud computing today is data integrity and how can be maintaining. There for, security challenges users are need to ensure that their data are integral by periodically Data integrity checking. Several integrity checking techniques have been proposed to ensure the data integrity in cloud storage. This paper provides a survey of various data integrity checking techniques for cloud data stored. Objective of this survey focusing on existing integrity check techniques for cloud data storage and  presenting their characteristics, benefits, functionality and limitations.
Attitude Towards Information on Contraceptives Use and Sexuality in Relation to The Society Among Public Secondary School Girls in Ebonyi State of Nigeria.
Authors: Okechukwu Aleke Christian , Obande-Ogbuinya Nkiru Edith , Omaka- Amari Lois Nnenna
Published: July 2019

Equipping adolescent girls with accurate information pertaining to sexuality would inculcate in them, desired values thus preventing uninformed sexual decisions, risk sexual behaviours and its consequential effects in future. This study therefore determined attitude towards information on contraceptives use and sexuality in relation to the society among public secondary school girls in Ebonyi State. The descriptive survey design was employed for the study. To guide the study, two specific objectives with corresponding research questions were formulated. The population of  the study comprised  63,793 public secondary school girls  out of which a  sample of 1,080 public seconadary school girls was chosen. The sample technique adopted was multistage sampling procedure of 5stages. The instrument for the study was a self-constructed attitude towards information on contraceptives use and sexuality in relation to the society questionnaire (ATIOCUASIRSQ) framed to reflect the contents of research questions. The reliability of the instrument was established using Cronbach Alpha and the reliability coefficient of each sub-scale of the questionnaire namely; attitude towards towards contraceptives use (r =0.88) and attitude towards sexuality in relation to the society (r = 0.74) were established. These were considered high enough for the study. The research questions  were answered using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation. Findings showed that attitude towards information on contraceptives use among secondary school girls was positive (2.86) and attitude towards information on sexuality in relation to the society among public secondary school girls was also positive (3.06). It was thus concluded that since the girls exhibited willingness and favoured  receiving information on contraceptives use and also on sexuality in relation to the society, all educational stake holders should put heads together and ensure commencement of sex education in all public secondary schools in Ebonyi State to address the broad sex education components comprising information on contraceptives use and sexuality in relation to the society. The study then recommended that Curriculum planners should incorporate sex education and pregnancy programs into the secondary school curriculum in order to give the girls useful information about pregnancy and contraceptives that would invariably grant them the freedom to discuss sexuality topics within the society thus preventing misconceptions and misinformation from peers.
Anatomy of the human spinal cord arachnoid cisterns: applications for spinal cord surgery
Authors: Dauleac Corentin , Jacquesson Timothée , Mertens Patrick
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVE

The goal in this study was to describe the overall organization of the spinal arachnoid mater and spinal subarachnoid space (SSAS) as well as its relationship with surrounding structures, in order to highlight spinal cord arachnoid cisterns.

METHODS

Fifteen spinal cords were extracted from embalmed adult cadavers. The organization of the spinal cord arachnoid and SSAS was described via macroscopic observations, optical microscopic views, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies. Gelatin injections were also performed to study separated dorsal subarachnoid compartments.

RESULTS

Compartmentalization of SSAS was studied on 3 levels of axial sections. On an axial section passing through the tips of the denticulate ligament anchored to the dura, 3 subarachnoid cisterns were observed: 2 dorsolateral and 1 ventral. On an axial section passing through dural exit/entrance of rootlets, 5 subarachnoid cisterns were observed: 2 dorsolateral, 2 lateral formed by dorsal and ventral rootlets, and 1 ventral. On an axial section passing between the two previous ones, only 1 subarachnoid cistern was observed around the spinal cord. This compartmentalization resulted in the anatomical description of 3 elements: the median dorsal septum, the arachnoid anchorage to the tip of the denticulate ligament, and the arachnoid anchorage to the dural exit/entrance of rootlets. The median dorsal septum already separated dorsal left and right subarachnoid spaces and was described from C1 level to 3 cm above the conus medullaris. This septum was anchored to the dorsal septal vein. No discontinuation was observed in the median dorsal arachnoid septum. At the entrance point of dorsal rootlets in the spinal cord, arachnoid trabeculations were described. Using the SEM, numerous arachnoid adhesions between the ventral surface of the dorsal rootlets and the pia mater over the spinal cord were observed. At the ventral part of the SSAS, no septum was found, but some arachnoid trabeculations between the arachnoid and the pia mater were present and more frequent than in the dorsal part. Laterally, arachnoid was firmly anchored to the denticulate ligaments’ fixation at dural points, and dural exit/entrance of rootlets made a fibrous ring of arachnoidodural adhesions. At the level of the cauda equina, the arachnoid mater surrounded all rootlets together—as a sac and not individually.

CONCLUSIONS

Arachnoid cisterns are organized on each side of a median dorsal septum and compartmentalized in relation with the attachments of denticulate ligament and exit/entrance of rootlets.
MODELOS DE NEGÓCIOS VOLTADO PARA O MERCADO DE ECOINOVAÇÃO:
Authors: Silva João Paulo Nascimento , Oliveira Cledison Carlos de , Tonelli Dany Flavio , Sugano Joel Yutaka
Published: July 2019

A temática de Ecoinovação possui uma construção crescente na academia, porém o estudo dos modelos de negócios para ecoinovação são escassos, de forma que a fonte deste trabalho acadêmico é uma análise dos estudos de modelos de negócios para ecoinovação, de forma a entender o desenvolvimento deste fenômeno na academia. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo bibliométrico de 1985 a 2016 nas bases da Web of Science e da Scopus, ampliando o entendimento sobre o tema e compreendendo. Outro importante achado nesta pesquisa são os dados que corroboram para o entendimento de lacuna na academia e no mercado, tendo um potencial de pesquisas ainda em aberto, visto uma certa diferença na quantidade de publicações entre as bases em relação a área de negócios, a diferença entre principais autores, Journals e artigos, assim como a tendência crescente de publicações para países europeus. Este estudo se faz importante visto a relacionar um possível desinteresse da academia sobre a temática ou, ainda, sobre um possível desinteresse do mercado, o que acarretaria em importantes objetos de pesquisas futuras sobre essa dada pouca importância do mercado aos modelos de ecoinovação.
„Soldiers for freedom, nation and blood“ Der Wandel von Anerkennungsordnungen kollektiver Gewaltausübung durch Fußballhooligans im Zuge der _GIDA-Bewegungen
Authors: Erhard Franz , Leistner Alexander , Mennicke Alexander
Published: July 2019

Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der exemplarischen Rekonstruktion eines Wandels von Anerkennungsordnungen kollektiver Gewaltausübung. Dabei wird die These bearbeitet, dass es im Zuge der _GIDA-Bewegung zu einer gesellschaftlichen Öffnung gegenüber Gewalthandeln kommt, die etablierte Aversionsnormen übergeht. Eine besondere Rolle spielen hier Fußballhooligans, deren Gewaltexpertise im Lichte einer bei _GIDA-Demos als wehrlos dargestellten Volksgemeinschaft eine neue Legitimierung erfährt. Wir zeigen, inwiefern stellvertretende politische Gewalt zum Selbstverständnis rechtsextremer Hooliganszenen gehört, um dann nachzuzeichnen, wie dieses Handlungsmodell eines gewalttätigen Stellvertreteraktivismus von einflussreichen Teilen der _GIDA-Bewegung Bestätigung erhält und adaptiert wird. Ankerpunkt für diesen Argumentationsgang ist ein Ereignis, bei dem der Wandel in der Anerkennungsordnung kollektiver und politisierter Gewaltausübung prägnant sichtbar wird.
Turbulence in active fluids caused by self-propulsion
Authors: Bui Christiane , Löwen Hartmut , Saal Jürgen
Published: July 2019

A rigorous analytical justification of turbulence observed in active fluids and caused by self-propulsion is presented. We prove existence of unstable wave modes for the generalized Stokes and Navier–Stokes systems by developing an approach in spaces of Fourier transformed Radon measures.
CD8+ Cytotoxic Immune Infiltrate in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Standardized Methodology to Study Association with Clinico-Pathological Features and Prognosis
Authors: Masson-Lecomte Alexandra , Maillé Pascale , Pineda Silvia , Soyeux Pascale , Sagrera Ana , Rava Marta , Lopez de Maturana Evangelina , Márquez Mirari , Tardón Adonina , Carrato Alfredo , Kogevinas Manolis , de la Taille Alexandre , Hartmann Arndt , Malats Núria , Real Paco , Allory Yves
Published: July 2019

Background:

Major interest lies in the evaluation of immune infiltrate in bladder cancer. CD8+ cytotoxic lymphocytes are key effectors of adaptive immune response.

Objectives:

The aims of the study were to set up a standardized methodology for CD8+ lymphocytes estimation in NMIBC and investigate how intra-tumoral heterogeneity influences CD8+ immune infiltrate.

Methods:

We considered 995 NMIBC included in the Spanish Bladder Cancer (SBC)/EPICURO Study. Duplicate 0.6 mm TMA spots and paired full sections (FS) for 50 selected cases were double stained with anti-pan cytokeratin antibody and anti-CD8 antibody. Slides were digitalized and CD8+ cells were automatically counted after tissue recognition (tumor vs stroma). Spatial heterogeneity was assessed and a resampling strategy was applied to estimate the proper number of 0.6 mm TMA spots providing an adequate CD8+ cell estimate. Association between CD8+ count and expression of urothelial differentiation markers was estimated. Cox regression models were performed to assess association between CD8+ cell count and risk of recurrence and progression.

Results:

Microscopic examination of full sections showed spatial heterogeneity for CD8+ infiltrates. Simulation analyses demonstrated that 5 TMA regions provided a correct sampling of tumor and stromal compartments in Ta while 2 and 6 TMA regions were necessary in T1, respectively. CD8+ cells infiltration was associated with stage, regardless of the histological compartment analyzed (median CD8 + /mm2 were 25/mm2 and 129/mm2 in tumor and stroma respectively in Ta and 111/mm2 and 344/mm2 in T1; p-value = 0.006). CD8+ infiltration in tumor compartment was significantly associated with low FGFR3 expression. CD8 + /mm2 count in the tumor compartment was not associated with prognosis.

Conclusion:

Differences identified between Ta and T1 tumours supported the hypothesis that rigorous efforts should be placed in proper study design. These results provide a new framework to investigate microenvironment complexity in bladder cancer.
Entrepreneurial orientation, intellectual capital, IT capability, and performance
Authors: Khan Najib Ullah , Shuangjie Li , Khan Sher Zaman , Anwar Muhammad
Published: July 2019

Multiple tangible and intangible determinants affect the survival and success of a small and medium enterprise (SME). In turbulent markets, however, compared to exogenous effects, a firm’s internal capabilities are seen as major sources of economic value creation and sustainable competitive advantage. This study empirically examines the effects of pivotal internal capabilities, namely entrepreneurial orientation, information technology (IT) capability, and intellectual capital (IC), on the financial and non-financial performance of SMEs that operate in the emerging market of Pakistan. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires, from a sample size of 307 SMEs. The study hypotheses were tested through the structural equation modelling (SEM) technique of AMOS 21. The statistical results show entrepreneurial orientation, IT capability and intellectual capital as significant contributors to both financial and non-financial performance. Despite its limitations, the study offers both future-research directions and policymaking recommendations for practice. Namely each SME ought to focus on self-developing those internal capabilities that render sustainable its competitive posture.
Toward a service-innovation ecosystem of enterprises in China
Authors: Wang Lei , Zeng Jianqiu , Strohmaier David , Salam Shafaq , Shahzad Khuram
Published: July 2019

Service innovation is an important driver of enterprise self-development and growth in the current service-attuned economy. And across economic sectors, the prevalence of self-organized and self-governed ecosystems renders service innovation increasingly crucial to such service ecosystems. Scholars study service innovation from the perspective of service ecosystem, yet little attention is paid to systematically researching service-innovation components within service ecosystems, especially the implementation path of such components. Based on service-oriented logic, this study presents a framework for service innovation in service ecosystems, built upon five elements: actor-to-actor (A2A) networks, value proposition, resource integration, institutionalization processes, and information technology (IT). This might be the first study to use a combination of the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) based Analytic Network Process (ANP) method (called DEMATEL based ANP, or DANP) and the NK model to obtain the optimal path of service innovation in China. Despite the study’s limitations, the results show that enterprises must first develop IT capabilities and innovative value propositions, and then enhance their resource-integration capability and enlarge their A2A networks, as they accelerate their institutionalization processes. Future research must investigate service-innovation components and enhances the idea of service ecosystems, and provides guidelines how to implement service innovation in practice.
Growth, remittances and self-development in low-income regions
Authors: Shafqat Muhammad Mobeen , Xia Enjun
Published: July 2019

This empirical study’s intent was to assess the role that remittances play in the economic growth and self-development of low-income country regions. The diverse results in previous studies necessitate using a proper methodological approach. Namely panel co-integration analysis allows gauging the long-run interactions among growth, remittances, and self-development. Having confirmed, via the augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, the dynamic equilibrium of the data, gleaned from 31 low-income countries over the 1991–2015 time period, the cointegration between economic growth and remittances was established through the Johansen panel test. Pertinent to heterogeneous cointegrated panels, the fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) results show that remittances have a significant, positive effect on long-term economic growth. Besides, the study’s empirical results also unconceal the significant, long-term effects of economic growth and remittances, facilitating self-development in low-income regions, in terms of finance, savings, trade, and labor-force participation, except that of household consumption. And an endogeneity test strongly suggests the need for policymaking towards obtaining maximum benefits from the increased inflows of remittances. Despite its limitations, the study offers pragmatic policymaking recommendations, along with future research directions.
Association of Folate Metabolites and Mitochondrial Function in Peripheral Blood Cells in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Matched Case-Control Study
Authors: Lv Xin , Zhou Dongtao , Ge Baojin , Chen Hui , Du Yue , Liu Shuai , Ji Yong , Sun Changqing , Wang Guangshun , Gao Yuxia , Li Wen , Huang Guowei
Published: July 2019

Background:

The nutrition state plays an important role in the progress of aging. Folate may play a role in protecting mitochondrial (mt) DNA by reducing oxidative stress.

Objective:

The primary aim of this study was to examine the association of mitochondrial oxidative damage with risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and to explore the possible role of folate metabolites in this association in a matched case-control study.

Methods:

Serum folate metabolites and mitochondrial function in peripheral blood cells were determined in 82 AD cases and 82 healthy controls, individually matched by age, gender, and education.

Results:

AD patients had lower serum levels of folate and higher homocysteine (Hcy) concentration. AD patients had a reduced mtDNA copy number, higher mtDNA deletions, and increased 8-OHdG content in mtDNA indicative of reduced mitochondrial function. The highest level of mtDNA copy number would decrease the risk of AD ( OR = 0.157, 95% CI: 0.058–0.422) compared to the lowest level, independently of serum folate, and Hcy levels. Serum folate levels correlated with low 8-OHdG content in mtDNA both in AD patients and controls, independently of serum Hcy level. Moreover, serum Hcy levels correlated with low copy number in mtDNA both in AD patients and controls, independently of serum folate levels.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, mitochondrial function in peripheral blood cells could be associated with risk of AD independent of multiple covariates. AD patients with a folate deficiency or hyperhomocysteinemia had low mitochondrial function in peripheral blood cells. However, further randomized controlled trials are need to determine a causal effect.
Design and analysis of an electromagnetic linear actuator for SUV active suspension
Authors: Yin Rui , Shi Yan , Di Changan
Published: July 2019

Aiming at the problems of complex structure and slow response of the existing hydraulic active suspension actuator, an electromagnetic linear actuator (EMLA) with simple structure, stable operation is designed in this paper. Based on completing the structural design of the EMLA, the two-dimensional finite element model is established by using the finite element software JMAG, and transient analysis of EMLA is carried out, including analyses of no-load magnetic field and thrust force characteristics. The prototype is trial-produced, and its thrust force characteristics are measured on a designed test bench. The experimental values are close to the simulated values, which verifies the correctness of the model. Finally, by analyzing the variation of the electromagnetic thrust force under different loading currents, this paper obtains the thrust force constant of the EMLA (183N/A).