bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Are simple biomarkers sensitive to detect toxicity of low concentration of metal?
Authors: Yaqin K , Fachruddin L , Rahim SW , Syafiuddin  , Kabangnga A
Published: October 2020

Biomarkers are considered as appropriate and sensitive tools to detect contaminants which effects are recorded on a sentinel organism. Research on simple biomarkers has been conducted in the laboratory to detect the toxicity of low concentrations of Arsenic by using green mussels, Perna Viridis, as sentinel organisms. The simple biomarkers used are biogenesis, Stress On Stress (SOS), and the condition index. Green mussels of 2.5-3.5 cm were exposed to concentrations of 0, 0.008, 0.038 and 0.19 mg/L of arsenic for 14 days. The results revealed that biogenesis was not sensitive to arsenic toxicity in green mussels. The air survival test or Stress on Stress was tested in terms of LT50 of Kaplan-Meier test. The results showed that LT50 for treatments of 0, 0.008, 0.038 and 0.19 mg/L were 3.15, 2.76, 2,63 and 3.03 days respectively. It demonstrated that the air survival of mussels in control was longer than those were exposed to a series of arsenic concentrations descriptively, but statistically, they were not significantly different. However, the condition index of the green mussel revealed a significant difference statistically between control and 0.19 mg/L of Arsenic. This suggested that the condition index can detect the toxicity of Arsenic to the green mussel.
Model emission estimation of light vehicle based on the driving cycle with using moves program on national roads in Makassar city
Authors: JP S Nurfajrina , Aly S H , Ramli M I
Published: October 2020

Traffic is one of the main sources of atmospheric pollution in cities around the globe and Athens is no exception. The tremendous increase in vehicles resulted in serious traffic problems consisting of frequent stops and intense driving (vigorous accelerations and decelerations). The increase in vehicles in urban areas caused by congestion and decreases air quality. Transportation emissions must be modeling more accurate to reduce the impact of air quality on roads. The purpose of this study was to analyze the emission estimation of a light vehicle based on the driving cycle using the moves program on national roads in Makassar city. The method of this research used the MOVES program, that program could calculate how many emissions was that resulted by vehicles. Furthermore, the survey of a light vehicle driving cycle was used GPS equipment and used AVANZA car as a light vehicle, which many people are using it in the city. The result showed that the emission along in Perintis Kemerdekaan on peak hour morning and afternoon, CO was the large pollutants than Nox and HC. The smallest pollutant is HC and the pollutant isn’t more than 0.055 gram/km in all way and peak hour. The biggest pollutant is CO in the morning peak hour in Away is 5.605 gram/km. The Average speed vs pollutants HC, Nox, and CO describes that the pollutant will decrease if the speed increase and the average speed was between 5 – 35 km/jam. The R2 of model pollutant (gram/km) and average speed (km/jam) is more than 0.8 near than 1 means that the variable has a strong attachment.
The development of Water Front City area as natural disaster mitigation in Majene Regency
Authors: Isra M Y , Zubair H , Nursyamsi I
Published: October 2020

West Sulawesi Province is an area that is largely an area that is on the coast of the Makassar Strait, one of which is Majene Regency, the existence of Majene Regency as a city which is largely a coastal area makes Majene regency must make certain plans to overcome the threat of impending natural disasters. The coastal area of Majene city is very prone to natural disasters, especially tidal waves, and it was stated in the Majene RTRW 2012-2032 that Majene Regency also has a level of vulnerability to Tsunamis. in Sulawesi Island there are at least 9 tectonic and structural elements that can trigger earthquakes and tsunamis, namely the paternoster fault where Majene Regency is located. One of the efforts made by the Regency Governments is to develop the Water Front City Area along the coast of Majene City. In the development of the area, in addition to being a form of urban planning that is expected to become a characteristic of the coast of Majene city, it can also be a form of disaster mitigation for Tidal and Tsunami waves. This research is expected to provide an overview of the form of waterfront city development and how to mitigate natural disasters that exist along the coast of the city of Majene
Smart manufacturing adoption in supporting technologies infrastructure in Indonesia: The case of South Sulawesi SMEs
Authors: Sanusi Abdullah , Razak Darmianti , Amrawaty Amidah , Hasrul Muh
Published: October 2020

This paper aims to give a unique view of looking at how SMEs in Indonesia applying the concept of smart manufacturing along with the challenges of smart manufacturing adoption in supporting technologies infrastructure in Indonesia and its current implementation. There are several challenges that were identified through the smart manufacturing adoption in Indonesia. The manufacturing industry has a great contribution to developing countries such as Indonesia. It is considered as the engine power for Indonesia’s economic growth. Moreover, by considering the value of SMEs in Indonesia, this research puts more attention on smart manufacturing implementation on SMEs. This study provides two cases from SMEs based on the SMEs scale and measuring their productivity from using the traditional method and after adopting the technology used on their business operations. The two cases indicate that the firms have an awareness of the importance of smart manufacturing implementation and its effect to the performance of the firm. However, direct migration to an advanced cyber-physical manufacturing system is not a practical option for the firms.
Relative present-day motion on Palu-Koro Fault
Authors: Massinai Muhammad Fawzy Ismullah , Ariansyah Muh Resky , Trisartika Riana , Massinai Muhammad Altin
Published: October 2020

Palu-Koro Fault (PKF) is an active fault zone in Sulawesi, Indonesia. PKF cuts across Palu city and bisects the Sulawesi Island into Makassar and North Sula blocks. Based on geodynamics reconstruction, the PKF is a transform fault that formed when two tectonic plates slid past each other. In this study, we determined the relative present-day motion on PKF (Latitude 0 Longitude 119) using PB2002 Model rotation pole calculation. From the Model, we could find that Banda Sea plate and Moluccas Sea plate are the plates that influence PKF activities. We attempt to calculate the magnitude and azimuth of velocity from the motion of Banda Sea plate and Moluccas Sea plate. The result shows that the Banda Sea plate is moving related to the Moluccas Sea plate at PKF with velocity 66.56 mm/a and azimuth 101.820° This method gives us a simple model from which provides a simple calculation for the development of geodynamics reference frame for present-day deformation studies in the Banda Sea – Moluccas Sea plate boundary and can give advice to the government for preparing hazard mitigation in the areas.
Tendon analysis on tension leg platform
Authors: Janwar Muhammad , Juswan  , Alie Muhammad Zubair Muis
Published: October 2020

Tension Leg Platform is one kind of compliant structure using a moored tendon fixed to the sea bottom, which is suitable for deep water. The characteristic of TLP is different from the fixed jacket type, where the TLP has a flexible response to external forces. The objective of the present study is to analyze TLP’s behavior in terms of stress and deflection. The calculation is done using the finite element method through SACS software. The result obtained by the finite element method is presented in terms of stress and deflection.
The ultimate strength of the skid frame on Mooring Support Structure (MSS)
Authors: Ishaq Muqrimah , Juswan  , Alie Muhammad Zubair Muis
Published: October 2020

The Mooring Support Structure (MSS) structure has a function as a provider of pipelines and cables between the Hose Deck of the Mooring Tower and MSS. The pipes and cables serve to export crude oil and other exploration products such as water and gas from Mooring Tower to the FSO. During the construction process in the fabrication field, the MSS is supported by skid frames. The Skid frames are assembly structures that consist of beams with various shapes and dimensions. The skid frame strength calculation is performed to ensure that the designed skid frame can resist the load of the MSS structure above it. This study aims to analyze the ultimate strength of the skid frame response of Mooring Support Structure (MSS), and the result is presented in terms of stress and interaction ratio.
Effect of longitudinal bulkheads to longitudinal strength on double hull tanker
Authors: Alie Muhammad Zubair Muis , Juswan  , Mustafa Wahyuddin , Zulfikar  , Yusuf Andi Muh Arie
Published: October 2020

The longitudinal bulkhead also plays an essential rule in dividing the cargo hold into several compartments. Besides, the longitudinal bulkhead is one of the construction elements which to strengthen the longitudinal strength of the ship, and it is always used primarily for a tanker. In the present study, the effect of the longitudinal bulkhead is investigated to the longitudinal strength under a vertical longitudinal bending moment. Two ships of double-hull tankers are considered having the same dimension but different for the number of longitudinal bulkheads. The force rotation is applied one side, and the other side is constrained. The result obtained by the numerical method is compared to the analytical method. It is observed that double bulkheads have larger longitudinal strength than a single bulkhead.
Conflict as a negotiation strategy of society around mining activities
Authors: Sukri  , Ariana  , Naharuddin A , Ekawaty D
Published: October 2020

This paper aims to examine the conflicts that occur between communities around the mine and mining companies. Mining is one sector that often reaps protests that lead to conflicts from communities other than plantations and forestry. Conflicts that occur in the same form tend to be resolved through the same method. Conflicts that occur repeatedly indicate there is no conflict resolution for the substantial problem that was become the conflict trigger. Conflict resolution efforts are often not directly related to the impacts that caused by the company’s extraction activities. this shows the tendency that emerged that the conflict was then maintained as a strategy to obtain profits from the company’s existence.
Lifting analysis of Mooring Support Structure (MSS) in offshore tower yoke by top panel stacking structure method
Authors: Palippui H , Ramadhan S
Published: October 2020

One indicator of the success of an offshore development project is its completion on time. Supporting factors of this time are the availability of lifting equipment that has a high capacity. Lifting the top panel on the MSS tower yoke system with all its main components is done by planning using crane tools that are improvised by the stacking structure method. The stacking structure method is done by doing all the installation of the primary and secondary structures on the top panel carried out at the bottom (ground) then lifted onto the tower yoke system by using several cranes lifting equipment. Whereas the determination of the center of gravity and the lifting point using SACS (Structural Analysis Computer System) software found that the top weight of the MSS Panel was 3705 KN with the center of gravity (x, y, z); (12.10 m, 9.43 m, 31.66 m) and MSS stacking top panel using four lifting points requires four cranes. The stacking structure method has a high potential used as a procedure for reducing offshore development costs.
Application of multiple linear regression analysis in determining the employee performance
Authors: Ayuandiani W , Shaleh M , Magfirah  , Kadir A R
Published: October 2020

The research aimed to investigate the influence of preventive discipline and corrective discipline on the employee performance at Ministry of Religion Office, West Sulawesi in 2019. This research answered three hypotheses by using the data from questionnaire then using manual multiple linear regresion analysis. This study had founds; Preventive discipline partially had a positive effect and not significance on the employee performance at the Ministry of Religion Office, West Sulawesi. This first hypotheses had found positive regression value of 0,849 and negative correlation value of -0,1202; Corrective discipline partially had a positive effect and significance on the employee performance at the Ministry of Religion Office, West Sulawesi. This second hypotheses had found positive regression value of 0,163 and positive correlation value of 0,0765; Preventive discipline and corrective discipline simultaneously had a positive effect and significance on the employee performance at the Ministry of Religion Office, West Sulawesi. This third hypotheses had found strong positive correlation value of 0.994.
The utilization of Pandan Coconut (Pandanaceae) at the interior tribes Papua, Indonesia
Authors: Zebua L I , Budi I M , Wanimbo E , Suharno
Published: October 2020

Pandanus is one of the unique plants, especially for Austronesia and Melanesia society in tropical areas, including Papua. The one of Pandanus which often exploited by local people in the middle mountain of Papua called coconut pandan (Pandanus juilianettii Martelli). The aim of this study is to determine the utilization of coconut pandan by Lanny Jaya tribes in the middle mountain of Papua by using qualitative approaches (observation and interview). Purposive and snowball sampling has been used for informant selection. The results showed that all the plant organs (leaves, stem, roots, and fruits) could be utilized. For instance, the stem organs are used as materials for house building such floor and walls, and it also can be used as firewood. The people of this tribe also utilized the leaves as traditional mats and umbrella, and the leaves from Woromo cultivars can be used as cigarette rolls. The root fiber is used as material for making a traditional bag (noken) and to make the arrow. People of this tribe also consumed the fruits of coconut pandan because it tastes like coconut fruits.
Pale environmental reconstruction on Toroan residential site in Madura Island: Phytolith-based analysis
Authors: Muda K T , D A , Nur M , Yusriana
Published: October 2020

The location of Madura Island is quite strategic as a trajectory of human migration, in the prehistoric neolithic era, because it was based on the island’s location. Large islands such as Java, Kalimantan and Sulawesi, besides small islands also stretch around it. To reveal the ancient environment (paleoenvirontmental) and how the use of the environment in the neolithic period can be known through phytolite research. Taking sediment samples has been carried out through excavations at Goa Toroan Site. Phytolite analysis that has been done through soil sampling method follows the sampling procedure carried out in Palynologi analysis. The phytolytic identification stage uses a reference to pre-existing plants. The results of this study have shown a picture of the ancient environment in Madura in general, especially in the Toroan Cave site, and the results of this analysis are also reinforced by archaeological findings revealed at the excavation on the site.
LED lighting in Indonesian residential electricity sector: A user’s behavior analysis for energy saving
Authors: Akil Y S , Mawar S , Mangngenre S , Amar K , Hasniaty
Published: October 2020

Residential electricity demand can be influenced by the behavior of users. Therefore, it is essential to know users’ behaviors to reduce electricity consumption or for energy saving. This research aims to analyze users’ behaviors concerning the use of light-emitting diodes (LED) lamps in the residential sector in Makassar, Indonesia. Moreover, the drivers of users’ behaviors in terms of usage and habitual behavior are also identified by two composed regression models. Some options for both models were compared by using statistical tests to get better models. A questionnaire was developed, and the survey was done on respondents that have 900 VA and greater of installed power capacity in their homes to get data for analysis. The main finding of this research shows that the user’s perception of energy saving was quite good. Both proposed models, namely LED usage model and habit model, were well §validated with

R

adj

2

a value above 39% for both models. Six considered variables can explain usage behavior better than the habit of users. Among the significance variables, the factor of the technology aspect has the highest effect on the usage of LED lamps and the general perception factor for the user’s habit. Presented results may give useful information in designing programs for consumers in Makassar, such as energy conservation programs or home energy management systems.
The implementation of Copenhagen Accord in the greenhouse gas emission reduction in Indonesia: a case study of the province of South Sulawesi
Authors: Fauzan M , Cangara A R , Syafik M , Burhanuddin A , Marifat I D N
Published: October 2020

This study shows that Indonesia welcomed the Copenhagen Accord in an attempt to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Indonesia through a set of policies made by the central government. One of the most important policy documents is the National Action Plan on Greenhouse Gas, which is adjusted to conditions of various provinces in Indonesia that eventually produced Local Action Plan on Greenhouse Gas. This attempt is followed by numerous challenging factors that serve as stumbling blocks in the process of greenhouse gas reduction in the Province of South Sulawesi.
Strategy formulation for performance improvement of the artificial insemination program in Sinjai regency
Authors: Budiman  , Yunus Amar M , Sanusi Abdullah , Ariesca Riana M
Published: October 2020

The government launched the Beef Self-Sufficiency Program in 2014 to support the National Food Security and Diversification Program. One of the steps taken is the optimization of Artificial Insemination (IB) and Natural Marriage Intensification (INKA). In 2017, a new plan was issued, a special effort (Upsus) for “Sapi Indukan Wajib Bunting” (SIWAB) with the aim of increasing beef cattle population and leading to beef self-sufficiency. This study aims to assess the extent of the implementation of strategies by inseminators and breeders in achieving IB targets and to determine new strategies in optimizing the achievement of IB results. This research was conducted within the Sinjai Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Service office. Data were collected through interviews and questionnaires then analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method, IFAS (Internal Factors Analysis Summary) and EFAS (External Factors Analysis Summary), SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) and TOWS analyzes to design development strategies. As a result, SIWAB with the Artificial Insemination Program is still below the target. Evaluation of the strategy using SWOT and TOWS analysis in the artificial insemination program shows that internal forces still need to be supported by the use of external forces, in this case, government policy. Strategy formulation after the application of the TOWS matrix shows alternative strategies that can be taken to optimize the achievement of artificial insemination results.
Subsurface structure model using geomagnet data of Palu valley after the 2018 earthquake
Authors: Efendi Rustan , Syamsuddin Erfan , Sandra  , Sabrianto
Published: October 2020

The earthquake of September 28, 2018, has caused changes in the structure of subsurface rocks in the Palu Valley of Central Sulawesi. Differences in rock structure occur due to deformation by seismic waves generated by the earthquake. Analysis of structural changes and strain of rock carrying surfaces is performed using the geomagnetic method. This study aims to map the fractures and local faults below the surface after the earthquake. Magnetic measurements are carried out using the Proton Precision Magnetometer with several measuring points of more than 856 stations. The measured magnetic data was corrected to obtain the total magnetic field intensity. Euler deconvolution is then performed to estimate depth and estimate subsurface, structure models. The results showed that the study area was identified by local fault and fractures below the surface, with depths ranging from 0 to 2000 meters. Local fractures and fractures formed are generally north-south trending following the Palu Koro fault.
SMIB stability enhancement using capacitive energy storage and PID based on ant colony optimization
Authors: Yunus A M S , Djalal M R , Akil Y S
Published: October 2020

This research proposes a control method in the Single Machine Infinite Bus (SMIB) system by using energy storage based on Capacitive Energy Storage (CES) and Proportional Integral Derivative (PID). The CES-PID parameter is optimized using the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm. From the results, the ACO algorithm can quickly converge, the ACO obtained the fitness function value of 2.5054e-07, with 50 iterations. ACO found the most optimal value at the 19th iteration. With elapsed time is 59.179148 seconds. To investigate the stability of the SMIB system with CES-PID control, two case studies are applied, namely increasing and load shedding. The system analysis reviewed is time domain simulation frequency response and rotor angle, Eigenvalue analysis, and damping system. From the simulation result, it can be obtained optimal SMIB system performance with a control method based on Capacitive Energy Storage-PID.
The impacts of Paraguayan charcoal export to European markets upon deforestation of Paraguay’s Chaco forest
Authors: Prayogi A W , Cangara A R , Badu M N , Baharuddin A , Marifat I D N
Published: October 2020

This research aims to portray both the environmental and social damage that took place in Chaco Forest, as well as to explain how procedures in charcoal export between Paraguay and European Market harmed the Chaco forest. The study shows that the damaging impacts caused by charcoal production in the Chaco forest are significant. The Chaco forest experienced deforestation that reduced connectivity and caused a substantial amount of land fragmentation, as well as social impacts on husbandry, farming, and the local economy, which entails eviction of the locals. Despite the negative impacts, there have been several attempts in minimizing the damage by the Paraguayan government and various stakeholders, although those attempts are seen to have a less significant effect on the solvency of the damages of the Chaco forest.
Retraction: Cyclic behaviour of expanded polystyrene (Eps) sandwich concrete walls (IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.
620 012060)
Authors: Wibowo Ari
Published: October 2020

This article has been retracted by IOP Publishing as it was submitted in error by the organisers of the conference, and without the permission of the author. This constitutes a breach to our publishing licence and publication policies.

The author of the work notified IOP Publishing of this issue This was confirmed by the committees of the conference who confirmed not having been able to contact the author at the time to seek permission for the publication. The Committees accepted that this was a case of administrative error in their part.

Retraction published: 28 Oct 2020
Real-time vision-based grasping randomly placed object by low-cost robotic arm using surf algorithm
Authors: Beyhan A , Adar N G
Published: October 2020

Vision-Based Manipulation is popular and still have open issues in robotics. The camera is a very important part of this method to obtain desired data with image processing techniques. In this study, the Dynamic position-based look and move method was selected to control the 4 DOF robotic arm. For this method, the Kinect camera was used for image processing. Kinect is a special camera which consists of both RGB and infrared camera. SURF algorithm was selected to detect a target object from the target scene using Kinect RGB camera. 3-D target object localization was calculated using Kinect infrared camera with the point cloud. The obtained target object’s location is according to the camera and transformed according to the robotic arm base. Using inverse kinematics, desired joint angles were calculated according to the object position. Therefore, the robot is provided to make the desired motion and grasping the object by using gripper. Real-time implementation of the proposed method is carried out using Matlab-Simulink.
SENTIPUBLIKO: Sentiment Analysis of Repost Jejemon Messages using Hybrid Approach Algorithm
Authors: Ilao Adomar L. , Fajardo Arnel C.
Published: October 2020

Jejemon language becomes a form of communication dialect. It was a form of expression used by a particular social group unknown as Jejemon. However, the Jejemon expression has different formats ranging from basic form of changing letter to number, lowercase letter to uppercase letter, inserting shortcut texts into more complicated format. This paper aims to classify Jejemon tweet whether it is a positive, negative or neutral sentiment through sentiment analysis techniques. Experiment included translation of Jejemon formatted tweet, reduction of sentiment scores on repost tweets and sentiment classification. Analysis of experiment results involves Paired T-Test, confusion matrix, precision, recall, f-score and accuracy. Evidently, translated Jejemon tweet resulted 78.5% similar from the actual message using cosine similarity algorithm. Furthermore, Paired T-Test shows no significant difference between new sentiment scores from translated expression and actual sentiment scores using Hybrid Algorithm. Sentiment analysis metrics such as precision, recall, f-score and accuracy show acceptable values of 71%, 76%, 71% and 73% respectively.
An outlook into the flat land of 2D materials beyond graphene: synthesis, properties and device applications
Authors: McCreary Amber , Kazakova Olga , Jariwala Deep , Al Balushi Zakaria Y
Published: October 2020

The field of two-dimensional (2D) and layered materials continues to excite many researchers around the world who are eager to advance and innovate viable routes for large scale synthesis, doping and integration of monolayers and the development of unique characterization approaches for studying and harnessing exotic properties that will enable novel device applications. There has been a large interest in 2D materials beyond graphene, with particular emphasis on monoelemental materials (phosphorene, silicene, tellurene, etc.), 2D compounds (MXenes, oxides, nitrides, carbides and chalcogenides), their alloys and layered van der Waals heterostructures. This is not only indicated by the significant increase in the number of peer reviewed publications each year in this area of research, but also by the surging number of conference sessions focusing on 2D materials beyond graphene. This Perspective article highlights some of the recent advances in the field from a diverse international community of theoretical and experimental researchers who participated in the symposium ‘Beyond Graphene 2D Materials—Synthesis, Properties and Device Applications’ at the Materials Research Society (MRS) Fall 2019 meeting.
Eosinophilia/Hypereosinophilia in the Setting of Reactive and Idiopathic Causes, Well-Defined Myeloid or Lymphoid Leukemias, or Germline Disorders
Authors: Kelemen Katalin , Saft Leonie , Craig Fiona E , Orazi Attilio , Nakashima Megan , Wertheim Gerald B , George Tracy I , Horny Hans-Peter , King Rebecca L , Quintanilla-Martinez Leticia , Wang Sa A , Rimsza Lisa M , Reichard Kaaren K
Published: October 2020

Objectives

To report the findings of the 2019 Society for Hematopathology/European Association for Haematopathology Workshop within the categories of reactive eosinophilia, hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), germline disorders with eosinophilia (GDE), and myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms associated with eosinophilia (excluding entities covered by other studies in this series).

Methods

The workshop panel reviewed 109 cases, assigned consensus diagnosis, and created diagnosis-specific sessions.

Results

The most frequent diagnosis was reactive eosinophilia (35), followed by acute leukemia (24). Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) received 17 submissions, including chronic eosinophilic leukemia, not otherwise specified (CEL, NOS). Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), MDS/MPN, and therapy-related myeloid neoplasms received 11, while GDE and HES received 12 and 11 submissions, respectively.

Conclusions

Hypereosinophilia and HES are defined by specific clinical and laboratory criteria. Eosinophilia is commonly reactive. An acute leukemic onset with eosinophilia may suggest core-binding factor acute myeloid leukemia, blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR-ABL1–positive leukemia, or t(5;14) B-lymphoblastic leukemia. Eosinophilia is rare in MDS but common in MDS/MPN. CEL, NOS is a clinically aggressive MPN with eosinophilia as the dominant feature. Bone marrow morphology and cytogenetic and/or molecular clonality may distinguish CEL from HES. Molecular testing helps to better subclassify myeloid neoplasms with eosinophilia and to identify patients for targeted treatments.
Whipping phytoliths into shape (and size). A Commentary on: ‘Inter- and intraspecific variation in grass phytolith shape and size: a geometric morphometrics perspective’
Authors: Strömberg Caroline A E , Gallaher Timothy J
Published: October 2020

This article comments on:

Kristýna Hošková, Adéla Pokorná, Jiří Neustupa and Petr Pokorný, Inter- and intraspecific variation in grass phytolith shape and size: a geometric morphometrics perspective, Annals of Botany, Volume 127, Issue 2, 01 February 2021, Pages 191–201, https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaa102
‘Keep Them on the Straight and Narrow’: Understanding, Selecting and Governing Subjects Through Intensive Supervision Units
Authors: Lecoq Garrett , Ballucci Dale , Spencer Dale
Published: October 2020

Drawing from focus groups and semi-structured interviews, this paper examines decision-making practices and monitoring techniques of Canadian Intensive Supervision Units (ISUs) managing high-risk individuals in the community. We argue that ISU subjects are hyper-individualized through their unique conditions of release, contesting notions that actuarial risk assessments have eclipsed individual understandings of dangerousness in risk, correctional and policing literature. Using Foucault’s disciplinary, pastoral and confessional dispositifs, we highlight how ISU agents make subjects active participants in their own punishment. Moreover, we illustrate how dispositifs not only allow ISU agents to understand, select and govern subjects but also, more problematically, transform subjects into ostensibly dangerous entities reifying and necessitating escalating criminal justice interventions under auspices of protecting the community from potential—not guaranteed—harm.
Optimal Contracts with Randomly Arriving Tasks
Authors: Bird Daniel , Frug Alexander
Published: October 2020

Workers are rarely assigned to perform the same task throughout their career. Instead, their assignments may change randomly over time to comply with the fluctuating needs of the organisation where they are employed. In this article, we show that this typical randomness in workplaces has a striking effect on the structure of long-term employment contracts. In particular, simple intertemporal variability in the worker’s tasks is sufficient to generate a rich promotion-based dynamics in which, occasionally, the worker receives a (permanent) wage raise and his future work requirements are reduced.
Retentional effects of notetaking instruction in EAP courses
Authors: Siegel Joseph
Published: October 2020

Previous research has shown that explicit notetaking instruction in EAP courses has positive effects on student notetaking. However, many studies limit measurement of notetaking ability to immediately after an intense period of instruction. Thus, the retentional effects of notetaking instruction have yet to be investigated in the longer term. To address this research gap, this paper reports on a study that assessed students’ notetaking performance prior to, immediately after, and then again four months after the notetaking instruction to examine the retentional value of notetaking instruction. Samples of student notes (n = 40) from these three time points were analysed through ‘information units’ to determine any changes. Results indicate that the instruction had a positive and significant effect on performance in the short term and that student performance lessened over time. Pedagogic implications stemming from these findings, including regular notetaking practice and consistently reviewing notetaking strategies, are discussed.
Analysis of binding residues in monoclonal antibody with high affinity for the head domain of the rat P2X4 receptor
Authors: Igawa Tatsuhiro , Kishikawa Shuhei , Abe Yoshito , Tsuda Makoto , Inoue Kazuhide , Ueda Tadashi
Published: October 2020

P2X4 receptor is known to be involved in neuropathic pain. In order to detect the expression of P2X4 receptor on microglia at the time of onset of neuropathic pain, one approach consists on the preparation of the monoclonal antibodies with both selective binding and high affinity. We have recently established a monoclonal antibody (named 12-10H) which had high affinity to rat P2X4 receptor expressed in 1321N1 cells. The dissociation constants of the complex between the monoclonal antibodies obtained so far and the head domain (HD) in the rat P2X4 receptor were in the nanomolar range. To improve the affinity by rational mutations, we need to know the precious location of the binding site in these monoclonal antibodies. Here, we have analysed and identified the binding residues in the monoclonal antibody (12-10H) with high affinity for the HD of the rat P2X4 receptor by site-directed mutagenesis.
Strangulated internal hernia due to defect in broad ligament: a case report
Authors: Reyes Nicole , Smith Lauren E , Bruce David
Published: October 2020

Small bowel obstruction is a relatively common disease process accounting for up to 16 percent of surgical admissions and more than 300,000 operations annually in the United States. Approximately 5–8 percent of small bowel obstructions can be attributed to internal hernias. A slightly lower percentage, roughly 4–7 percent, of these internal hernias are noted to originate from a defect in the broad ligament of the uterus. A majority of broad ligaments defects causing a small bowel obstruction are not diagnosed preoperatively due to the equivocal imaging findings as well as the infrequency of this etiology. To date, there are very few case reports describing this disease process. This case report describes a 70-year-old female who was found to have a defect in her broad ligament causing a small bowel obstruction leading to subsequent strangulated bowel.
Aetiology of fever in returning travellers and migrants: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Buss Imogen , Genton Blaise , D’Acremont Valérie
Published: October 2020

Background

Numerous publications focus on fever in returning travellers, but there is no known systematic review considering all diseases, or all tropical diseases causing fever. Such a review is necessary in order to develop appropriate practice guidelines.

Objectives

Primary objectives of this review were (i) to determine the aetiology of fever in travellers/migrants returning from (sub) tropical countries as well as the proportion of patients with specific diagnoses, and (ii) to assess the predictors for specific tropical diseases.

Method

Embase, MEDLINE and Cochrane Library were searched with terms combining fever and travel/migrants. All studies focusing on causes of fever in returning travellers and/or clinical and laboratory predictors of tropical diseases were included. Meta-analyses were performed on frequencies of etiological diagnoses.

Results

10 064 studies were identified; 541 underwent full-text review; 30 met criteria for data extraction. Tropical infections accounted for 33% of fever diagnoses, with malaria causing 22%, dengue 5% and enteric fever 2%. Non-tropical infections accounted for 36% of febrile cases, with acute gastroenteritis causing 14% and respiratory tract infections 13%. Positive likelihood ratios demonstrated that splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia and hyperbilirubinemia were respectively 5–14, 3–11 and 5–7 times more likely in malaria than non-malaria patients. High variability of results between studies reflects heterogeneity in study design, regions visited, participants’ characteristics, setting, laboratory investigations performed and diseases included.

Conclusion

Malaria accounted for one-fifth of febrile cases, highlighting the importance of rapid malaria testing in febrile returning travellers, followed by other rapid tests for common tropical diseases. High variability between studies highlights the need to harmonize study designs and to promote multi-centre studies investigating predictors of diseases, including of lower incidence, which may help to develop evidence-based guidelines. The use of clinical decision support algorithms by health workers which incorporate clinical predictors, could help standardize studies as well as improve quality of recommendations.
Breaking Free of Child Anxiety and OCD
Authors: Lebowitz Eli R.
Published: October 2020

Anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are the most common mental health problems of childhood and adolescence. Parents of anxious children struggle with how to help their child and are faced with constant dilemmas, such as how to respond to their child’s anxiety. This book provides a practical step-by-step guide for parents to help children and adolescents overcome anxiety and OCD in a positive and loving manner. It builds on rich clinical experience and on rigorous scientific evidence for the efficacy of a completely parent-based program called SPACE, or Supportive Parenting for Anxious Childhood Emotions. Working through the steps in the book, parents replace accommodating behaviors—which can maintain the child’s symptoms—with supportive responses that convey both acceptance of the child’s genuine difficulty and confidence in the ability to cope.
Understanding Child Anxiety
Authors: Lebowitz Eli R.
Published: October 2020

This chapter provides an overview of anxiety in general, and child anxiety in particular. A child who is anxious is typically going to overestimate the likelihood of negative events and to downplay the likelihood of positive ones. What is the ultimate outcome of these predictable patterns of thinking? If negative events seem highly probable, while positive events seem less likely, it is not surprising that anxious children tend to veer away from perceived risks and to move toward a more cautious course of action. The chapter then addresses some common questions asked by parents of children with anxiety. Multiple things can contribute to a child’s anxiety level, including internal and biological factors as well as external and environmental factors. Anxiety can also look very different in different children. It is useful to think about a child’s functioning in four separate domains: body, thoughts, behavior, and feelings. Anxiety can impact each domain in various ways.
How Can You Be Supportive?
Authors: Lebowitz Eli R.
Published: October 2020

This chapter highlights the importance of support for anxious children. Children with high levels of anxiety often feel helpless and vulnerable in the face of the overwhelming anxiety they experience. They have often learned that the way to cope with anxiety is to rely on avoidance and accommodation, and they may not believe they are able to cope any other way. Support is the parents’ way of helping the child to cope with the challenge of less accommodation, and it provides the parents with an alternative way to respond to the child when the child is anxious. When responding to a child who is anxious, support means showing the child two things: acceptance and confidence. Parents are being supportive when they respond to the child’s anxiety in any way that tells the child that they get it, that they understand the child is actually anxious, and that they do not judge him for it (acceptance). Supportive also means showing the child that the parents have complete confidence that the child is actually able to cope with some anxiety, and that they know the child can be OK despite feeling anxious (confidence).
Planning How to Reduce Accommodation
Authors: Lebowitz Eli R.
Published: October 2020

This chapter discusses the process of planning for reducing accommodation. A good plan for reducing accommodation should be as detailed as possible. This chapter presents sample plans to give parents an idea of the kind of details their plan should have. The plan that the parents make to reduce the target accommodation they provide to the child with anxiety is not going to be perfect, and that is OK. The important thing is to think through the details of the plan as much as possible, consider which things will make it challenging to implement, and then move forward with putting it into practice. The parents may need to make adjustments to their plan when they encounter a difficulty they had not considered, and this is also to be expected. The chapter then provides a guide on how parents can make a plan for reducing target accommodations, and how to think through the challenges in implementing the plan.
Troubleshooting—Dealing with Difficult Child Responses
Authors: Lebowitz Eli R.
Published: October 2020

This chapter provides a guide on how to deal with difficult child responses. Aggressive child responses to the plan not to accommodate are often a reflection of the child’s distress and anxiety. Remaining supportive and continuing with the plan can lead to a reduction in child anxiety and aggression. If not accommodating causes the child a lot of distress or discomfort, the parents can lean on a supportive friend or relative who can help them get through the tough moments. The chapter also addresses dealing with other difficult child responses, such as threats of self harm. If the parents are concerned about the child’s safety, they should seek professional help in person.
Wrapping Up and What’s Next?
Authors: Lebowitz Eli R.
Published: October 2020

This chapter looks at some possible next steps if the parents feel that the child’s anxiety has partially improved, but that the child is still coping with significant and impairing anxiety. The parents may need to continue working to reduce their accommodation, by taking on additional targets and working through the steps of making a plan and gradually reducing accommodation in this new area. The parents also may want to consider trying additional treatments and strategies. Some of the most evidence-based treatments for childhood anxiety include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and psychiatric medication. The parents should consider meeting with a capable therapist or psychiatrist in their area to discuss the possibilities. If the child’s anxiety has improved and things are returning to a more routine pattern without the need for special plans to help the child cope, it is important to keep up the supportive attitude toward the child’s anxiety. A supportive attitude expressed in words and actions can help to prevent future anxiety from escalating or growing to a point where it is again a major problem. Lastly, the parents should try to notice if they are falling back into old patterns of accommodation, or starting to develop new ones.
Women with Serious Mental Illness
Authors: Mizock Lauren , Carr Erika
Published: October 2020

Women with Serious Mental Illness: Gender-Sensitive and Recovery-Oriented Care calls attention to a topic and a population that have been overlooked in research and psychotherapy—women with serious mental illnesses (schizophrenia, severe depression, bipolar disorder, and complex post-traumatic stress disorder). The book focuses on the history of mistreatment, marginalization, and oppression women with serious mental illness have encountered, not only from the general public but within the mental health system as well. This book provides an overview of recovery-oriented care for women with serious mental illness—a process of seeking hope, empowerment, and self-determination beyond the effects of mental illness. The authors provide a historical overview of the treatment of women with mental illness, their resilience and recovery experiences, and issues pertaining to relationships, work, class, culture, trauma, and sexuality. This book also offers the new model, the Women’s Empowerment and Recovery-Oriented Care intervention, for working with this population from a gender-sensitive framework. The book is a useful tool for mental health educators and providers and provides case studies, clinical strategies lists, discussion questions, experiential activities, diagrams, and worksheets that can be completed with clients, students, and peers.
Women with Serious Mental Illness, Resilience, and the Recovery Movement
Authors: Mizock Lauren , Carr Erika
Published: October 2020

This chapter reviews the recovery movement and the importance of its role in the mental health care of women who experience serious mental illness. This chapter explores the foundations of recovery and how this perspective seeks to decrease the impact of stigma and increase self-determination, while still recognizing the role that stigma and marginalization have played in women’s experience of serious mental illness. Literature is presented regarding the basic components of recovery in serious mental illness. Ways that recovery programs for people with serious mental illness can become more sensitive to woman’s issues are discussed. The biological and developmental concerns uniquely faced by women with serious mental health issues are addressed, as well as the value of a multidisciplinary, recovery-oriented treatment team. Case narratives, a clinical strategies list, discussion questions, activities, and a clinical worksheet (“My Recovery Journey”) are included.
Effects of the chymase inhibitor fulacimstat in diabetic kidney disease—results from the CADA DIA trial
Authors: Rossing Peter , Strand Jorma , Avogaro Angelo , Becka Michael , Kanefendt Friederike , Otto Christiane
Published: October 2020

Background

The protease chymase generates multiple factors involved in tissue remodelling including angiotensin II (Ang II) and has been implicated in the pathophysiology of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This study investigated the effects of the chymase inhibitor fulacimstat on albuminuria in patients with Type II diabetes mellitus and a clinical diagnosis of DKD.

Methods

In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, patients were on the maximum tolerated dose of either an Ang II receptor blocker or an Ang-converting enzyme inhibitor since at least 3 months before the screening visit. Eligible patients were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to treatment with either 25 mg fulacimstat (n = 99) or placebo (n = 48) twice daily on top of standard of care.

Results

The randomized patients had a mean urine albumin–creatinine ratio (UACR) of 131 mg/g (range: 29–2429 mg) and a mean (standard deviation) estimated glomerular filtration rate of 60.8 ± 16.9 mL/min/1.73 m2 before treatment start. Fulacimstat was safe and well tolerated, and achieved mean total trough concentrations that were ∼9-fold higher than those predicted to be required for minimal therapeutic activity. UACR increased by 27.4% [coefficient of variation (CV) 86%] and 3% (CV 88.9%) after 24 weeks of treatment with placebo or fulacimstat, respectively. Analysis of covariance revealed a least square mean UACR ratio (fulacimstat/placebo) of 0.804 (90% CI 0.627–1.030, P = 0.1477), indicating a statistically non-significant UACR reduction of 19.6% after fulacimstat treatment compared with placebo.

Conclusions

Fulacimstat was safe and well tolerated but did not reduce albuminuria in patients with DKD. These findings do not support a therapeutic role for chymase inhibition in DKD.