bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Distribución de la propiedad rural en Colombia en el siglo XXI
Authors: Ariza Fabio Alberto Pachón
Published: September 2021

Resumen: La concentración de la tierra en Colombia es un problema histórico aún sin resolver; situación que también es común en otros países del continente. América Latina y especialmente Sur América, muestran un coeficiente de Gini de tierras alto en comparación con otros continentes. Paraguay y Chile son los países que mayor concentración de tierra alcanzan en Sur América; mientras que Colombia, además de la alta concentración, sufre de problemas asociados con un conflicto armado estrechamente ligado al problema agrario. Esta concentración evidencia el fracaso que ha tenido la política de tierra implementada durante el Siglo XX, tanto la liderada por el Estado, como aquella guiada por el mercado. Este artículo muestra con base en cifras oficiales la evolución de la distribución de la tierra durante las dos primeras décadas del Siglo XXI, evidenciando la persistencia de una histórica concentración y los escasos resultados de la implementación de los Acuerdos de Paz en cuanto a su distribución. Igualmente propone los aspectos que deberían ser tenidos en cuenta para llevar a cabo una reforma agraria alternativa a las visiones tradicionales, una política de tierras basada en la comunidad.
Local public-private partnerships to promote innovation in agricultural value chains: the case of cocoa in Colombia
Authors: Ramírez-Gómez Carlos Julián , Rodríguez-Espinosa Holmes
Published: September 2021

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of developing more viable local public-private partnerships (LPPP) which may result in innovation in the cocoa value chain, through the agricultural innovation system functions approach. Research was conducted in two rural municipalities in the Department of Antioquia, Colombia. A focus group with stakeholders as well as directed surveys were implemented. 15 experts in the municipality of Necoclí, and 18 experts in the municipality of Caucasia participated. The data were analyzed quantitatively and the MACTOR method was used in order to determine the relationship between actors and the strategic objectives for innovation. Case studies revealed different dynamics, both from the perspective of the interests at play when actors prioritized key variables in each region, as well as their vision regarding strategic objectives to promote innovation in the cocoa value chain. Different degrees of convergence and correspondence between actors and strategic objectives in each region provided the grounds to determine the possible partnerships in the cocoa chain. Key actors with different capabilities and resources were also identified, as they could contribute to leveraging local innovation should a partnership come to be developed.
Development and validation of a prototype application on breastfeeding for health professionals
Authors: Guimarães Carolina Maria de Sá , Fonseca Luciana Mara Monti , Monteiro Juliana Cristina dos Santos
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop and validate a prototype mobile application on breastfeeding for health professionals. Method: Methodological study. To build this prototype, information obtained from interviews with six health professionals who were certified as international breastfeeding consultants was employed. For validating the prototype, screenshots were sent to each professional participating in the first phase, as well as an adapted instrument to assess appearance, content, and language. Results: Most assessments were “great” or “good”. The participating professionals have also made important considerations for content enhancement, mainly for the clinical content. Conclusion: The prototype was positively assessed by the professionals, fulfilling the proposed objective. This study is highly important for breastfeeding care professional practice, since it presents a tool which improves quality of care by contributing to the best evidence-based practice.
Occupational injuries and psychological support in Chinese nurses: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Wenyu , Yan Zixuan , Zhang Xueli , Pi Hongying , Sai Xiaoyong
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the occupational injuries and psychological support received by nurses and to investigate the relationship between the two. Method: This was a nation-wide cross-sectional study of nurses working across 1858 hospitals in China. Data were collected using an online structured, self-administered questionnaire between 2016 and 2017. Results: Nearly half of respondents had experienced aggressive behavior from patients or their attendants; 13.4% respondents had experienced aggressive behavior on more than three occasions. 78.96% respondents had experienced needle-stick injuries and 51.22% had experienced psychological trauma. 20.5% respondents believed that hospitals do not pay any attention to occupational safety. 86.1% respondents expressed the need for little or moderate psychological support. Nurses who had experienced aggressive behavior expressed a greater need for psychological support. Nurses working at hospitals that adequately addressed the occupational safety issues expressed the lowest need for psychological support. Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of psychological stress and occupational injuries among nurses. Nursing managers need to address this issue and implement interventions to prevent and reduce injuries.
Virtual reality in pain relief during chronic wound dressing change
Authors: de Araújo Thiago Moura , da Silva Alan Sidney Jacinto , Brandão Maria Girlane Sousa Albuquerque , Barros Lívia Moreira , Veras Vivian Saraiva
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the effect of virtual reality in pain relief during chronic wound dressing change. Method: This is an experimental study carried out with 17 participants, in a stomatherapy clinic in Ceará, Brazil, from June to December 2019, using the virtual reality glasses Oculus Go®. Sociodemographic and clinical information, as well as of lifestyle, and characteristics of the lesions were collected. A faces scale and a visual analogue scale were used for pain assessment, behavioral aspects assessment, satisfaction, and discomfort with Oculus Go®. The Chi-square, McNemar, and Wilcoxon tests were used. The study was approved under opinion No. 2.649.144/2019. Results: There was a reduction in pain during dressing change with Oculus Go®. Participants with Oculus Go® manifested less pain during (p < 0.001) and after (p < 0.001) dressing change; and had lower heart rate before (p = 0.044) and after (p = 0.001) the procedure. There were significant differences between groups in systolic (p = 0.012) and diastolic (p = 0.004) blood pressure values after dressing. Virtual reality did not cause any discomfort and participants were satisfied. Conclusion: Virtual reality showed positive effects in pain relief during chronic wound dressing change.
Cancer during pregnancy: from the diagnosis to the repercussions on the family experience of maternity
Authors: Gomes Joseila Sonego , Sand Isabel Cristina Pacheco Van der , Girardon-Perlini Nara Marilene Oliveira
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate how the diagnosis of cancer during pregnancy occurred and assess its repercussions on the family experience of maternity. Method: Qualitative research, based on Symbolic Interactionism and conducted according to the Grounded Theory method. Twelve women diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy and 19 of their family members participated in the study. Data was collected from March 2018 to March 2019, using an identification form and an in-depth interview. The analysis followed the stages of open substantive coding. Results: Data were organized into two categories of analysis: Being surprised by the discovery of cancer during pregnancy, which reveals the course of experiencing pregnancy and being diagnosed with cancer, Suffering from the repercussions of cancer on pregnancy and birth, which describes the repercussions of illness in the experience of pregnancy. Conclusion: Cancer during pregnancy was diagnosed in young women based on signs and symptoms that were confused with those of pregnancy and postpartum. The illness brought anxiety, impotence, fear and affected the experience of maternity, as it prevented women from having their pregnancy as planned and required routines different from those of low-risk pregnancies.
Mortality, survival and prognostic factors of people with AIDS in intensive care unit
Authors: Cunha Gilmara Holanda da , Lima Reângela Cíntia Rodrigues de Oliveira , Lopes Marcos Venícios de Oliveira , Galvão Marli Teresinha Gimeniz , Siqueira Larissa Rodrigues , Fontenele Marina Soares Monteiro
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze mortality, survival and prognostic factors of patients with AIDS in Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Method: Retrospective cohort study with a sample of 202 patients with AIDS in ICU, whose sociodemographic, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics were obtained from medical records and assessed. Results: Patients were mostly male (73.8%) and drug users (59.4%), with no regular health follow-up (61.4%) and no adherence to antiretrovirals (40.6%), presenting low CD4+ T lymphocyte count (94.0%) and high viral load (44.6%). The main causes of hospitalization were sepsis and respiratory and renal insufficiency. The mean duration of hospitalization was 11.9 days (p = 0.0001), with a 41.6% survival; 58.5% died in the ICU. Sepsis upon admission (p < 0.001), pressure injury (p = 0.038), sexual exposure (p = 0.002), high viral load (p = 0.00001) and prolonged hospitalization (p < 0.001) increased the risk of death. Conclusion: Most patients had no regular health follow-up, were drug users and presented low CD4+ T lymphocyte count and high viral load. The high mortality indicated that antiretroviral adherence is essential to reduce viral resistance, opportunistic diseases, and mortality.
Direct costs of rescue procedures to manage vascular access complications in conventional hemodialysis
Authors: de Melo Ana Cláudia Tavares , Lima Antônio Fernandes Costa
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To measure the average direct cost of procedures performed by health professionals, in a Dialysis Center, for the management of complications of vascular access for hemodialysis. Method: Quantitative, exploratory-descriptive case study type research. The average direct cost was calculated by multiplying the time spent by health professionals by the unit cost of direct labor, adding this to the input costs (materials/ medicines/solutions). Results: The following average direct costs were obtained: US$0.72, US$2.00 and US$1.41 for “administration of easy-to-dilute, difficult-to-dilute, and undiluted antibiotics”, respectively; $2.61 for “central venous catheter dressing with topical antibiotic”; $48.05 for “alteplase infusion”; US$183.68 for “insertion of central venous catheter for hemodialysis”; and $1.31 for “arteriovenous fistula puncture”. Conclusion: Material and drug costs significantly contributed to the composition of the average total direct cost of most procedures.
Psychoneuroimmunology and oncology nursing: a theoretical study
Authors: Lopes-Júnior Luís Carlos , Tuma Maria Carolina , Amorim Maria Helena Costa
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To discuss the evolution of research in cancer psychoneuroimmunology, the advances in the management of neuropsychological symptom clusters and their interface with mid-range theories, and practical applications in Nursing. Method: This is a theoretical-reflective study anchored in recent literature, as well as in the critical analysis of the authors. Results: This is a promising field of investigation, which emphasizes the complexity and interaction of symptoms, the interrelationships among them, the factors influencing them, and their consequences. Subsidized by mid-range theories in Nursing, such as the Theory of Unpleasant Symptoms and the Theory of Symptom Management, analyses of these interrelationships support Oncology Nursing diagnoses and interventions. Conclusion: An innovative approach is proposed to qualify Oncology Nursing care based on the integration of recent advances in cancer psychoneuroimmunology, Nursing mid-range theories, and practical tools such as health coaching. The approach proposed may strengthen clinical nursing practice in the management of neuropsychological symptom clusters in oncology and shall be integrated into decision-making during cancer treatment, favoring person-centered care.
Inequalities in the use of health services by adults and elderly people with and without noncommunicable diseases in Brazil, 2019 National Health Survey
Authors: Malta Deborah Carvalho , Bernal Regina Tomie Ivata , Gomes Crizian Saar , Cardoso Laís Santos de Magalhães , Lima Margareth Guimarães , Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT: Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the use of health services and limitations in performing usual activities by adults and elderly people with and without noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs), according to sociodemographic strata. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which data from the 2019 National Health Survey were analyzed. The final sample corresponded to 88,531 households with interviews carried out, referring to individuals aged 18 years and above. The prevalence of use of services by the population with NCDs was compared with that of the population without NCDs and stratified by socioeconomic and demographic variables. Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated. Results: In 2019, 47.6% (95%CI 47.0–48.3) of the population reported having one or more NCDs. Population with NCDs had more medical consultations in the last 12 months (adjusted PR [APR]=1.21; 95%CI 1.20–1.23), used more health services in the last 2 weeks (APR=2.01; 95%CI 1.91–2.11), were referred to more hospitalization (APR=2.11; 95%CI 1.89–2.36), and had more limitations in performing usual activities (APR=2.52; 95%CI 2.30–2.76), compared with the population without NCDs. A positive dose–response gradient was observed between the number of comorbidities and the use of services. In all socioeconomic and demographic strata, the prevalence of indicators was higher in people with NCDs. Conclusion: The presence of NCDs was associated with a higher frequency of use of health services (i.e., consultation, use of services, and hospitalization) and the restriction of usual activities in all socioeconomic and demographic strata.
Association of major depressive disorder with chronic diseases and multimorbidity in Brazilian adults, stratified by gender: 2019 National Health Survey
Authors: Sousa Neuciani Ferreira da Silva , Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo , Medina Lhais de Paula Barbosa , Malta Deborah Carvalho , Szwarcwald Celia Landmann
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT: Objective: To analyze the association of major depressive disorder with chronic non-communicable diseases and multimorbidity in Brazilian adults, stratified by gender, as well as examine the interaction between gender and chronic non-communicable diseases in association with major depressive disorder. Methods: Based on a sample of 65,803 adults from the 2019 National Health Survey, we estimated the prevalence of major depressive disorder (≥10 points in the Patient Health Questionnaire) according to the presence of chronic non-communicable diseases and multimorbidity (≥2 chronic diseases). Prevalence ratios and their respective confidence intervals were calculated by Poisson regression, and multiplicative interaction terms were used to assess the role of gender in the associations. Results: The prevalence of major depressive disorder among Brazilian adults (18–59 years) was 10.9%, with a statistically significant difference between men (6.0%) and women (15.4%) (p<0.001). Individuals with any chronic non-communicable disease and multimorbidity showed a higher prevalence of major depressive disorder, both in the general population and in each gender. However, the association of major depressive disorder with chronic non-communicable diseases tended to be stronger among men. Data also showed an interaction between the male gender and multimorbidity or specific diseases, such as arthritis or rheumatism, heart disease, and chronic kidney disease, in association with major depressive disorder. Conclusion: The results reveal a significant association between major depressive disorder and chronic non-communicable diseases in both genders and raise the hypothesis that the effects of multimorbidity and certain diseases may be greater on the mental health of men.
Healthy lifestyle and recommendations in health care among hypertensive and diabetic patients in Brazil, 2019
Authors: Szwarcwald Célia Landmann , Souza Júnior Paulo Roberto Borges de , Damacena Giseli Nogueira , Stopa Sheila Rizzato , Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate prevalence of healthy behaviors among individuals aged 30 years or more, diagnosed with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus, using information from the National Health Survey, 2019. Methods: Cross-sectional study with cluster sampling and simple random sampling in three stages. Individuals were aggregated according the following conditions: having arterial hypertension; arterial hypertension only; diabetes mellitus; diabetes mellitus only; arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus only; without chronic non-communicable diseases. Poisson regression models and crude and adjusted prevalence ratios for sex, age group, and schooling were used. The proportion of recommendations received by patients with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus was estimated by type of care (public/private). Results: A total of 69,285 individuals aged 30 years or more was analyzed. Compared to individuals without non-communicable diseases, prevalence of consumption of fruits and vegetables ≥5 days a week was significantly higher among individuals with arterial hypertension (39.9% - 95%CI 38.8–41.0) and those with diabetes mellitus (42.8% - 95%CI 40.7–44.9). However, estimates of not having consumed ultra-processed food were low, 19.7% (95%CI 18.9–20.6) and 21.9% (95%CI 20,3–23.5), respectively. Prevalence of not smoking reached values close to 90% and significant prevalence ratios, whereas the practice of physical activity had levels below 30% and non-significant prevalence ratios. The proportion of healthy eating recommendations reached 90%, but it was close to 70% for not smoking. Conclusions: It is necessary to encourage the practice of healthy lifestyles and provide information about the benefits of physical activity and the harmful effects of unhealthy eating for well-being and aging with quality.
Hospitalização em Oncologia Pediátrica e Desenvolvimento Infantil: Interfaces entre Aspectos Cognitivos e Afetivos
Authors: Fonseca Luiza Garutti Alvarenga , Pancieira Sara Del Prete , Zihlmann Karina Franco
Published: September 2021

Resumo O diagnóstico e o tratamento de câncer na infância exigem que a criança construa formas de enfrentamento, o que torna relevante compreender sua percepção e o modo como se organiza cognitivamente. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar de que maneira os processos de hospitalização e tratamento são compreendidos pelos participantes diante da vivência de neoplasia infantil, considerando a etapa de desenvolvimento cognitivo e afetivo, de acordo com a perspectiva piagetiana. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa no ambulatório de oncologia pediátrica em um hospital da Baixada Santista, com entrevistas semiestruturadas, provas piagetianas e desenhos-estórias com tema, com uma amostra de conveniência de cinco crianças com entre 4 e 9 anos e com diagnóstico de leucemia. Os dados foram categorizados pela análise de conteúdo temática de Bardin (1988), as provas piagetianas de acordo com a teoria de Piaget e os desenhos-estórias a partir de Trinca (2002). Duas crianças (com 4 e 6 anos) se caracterizaram como pré-operatórias e três (com 8 e 9 anos) como operatórias concretas, sendo observado que as pré-operatórias apresentam um discurso com alta carga simbólica sobre o sofrimento da hospitalização e tratamento, enquanto crianças operatório-concretas demonstram domínio da noção de causa e consequência e pensamento lógico. Uma comparação qualitativa entre as provas piagetianas e os desenhos indicou coerência entre os tipos de avaliação. Todos os participantes mostram compreensão de sua atual situação de adoecimento e tratamento, apresentando diferentes formas de enfrentamento. Além disso, todos ressaltaram uma posição otimista em relação às perspectivas de cura, independentemente do momento do desenvolvimento cognitivo.
Estresse e Estratégias de Enfrentamento em Crianças e Adolescentes em Acolhimento Institucional em Casas Lares
Authors: Rodrigues Luiz Henrique Fortunato , Prebianchi Helena Bazanelli
Published: September 2021

Resumo O estresse infantil está relacionado com a falta de repertório da criança e do adolescente para lidar com situações que causam irritação ou medo. Embora o acolhimento institucional temporário seja uma medida de proteção prevista pelo Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente (ECA), também é fonte causadora de mudanças significativas na vida dessas pessoas, que, para lidar com esses eventos, utilizam estratégias de enfrentamento a fim de regular suas ações sob estresse. Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o objetivo de descrever o estresse e as estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas por crianças e adolescentes acolhidos em casas lares. Participaram 4 crianças e 11 adolescentes, com idades entre 8 e 17 anos e 11 meses, em situação de acolhimento institucional em uma cidade do interior de São Paulo. Além da caracterização sociodemográfica dos participantes, foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: Escala de Stress Infantil (ESI), Escala de Stress Adolescente (ESA) e entrevista semiestruturada para identificação das estratégias de enfrentamento. Os resultados indicaram que o tempo de acolhimento dos participantes é superior aos dois anos determinados pela legislação, que os níveis de estresse foram baixos para os participantes, sendo menores para aqueles acolhidos há mais tempo, e que as principais estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas foram a busca por apoio e a oposição. Recomendam-se outros estudos, considerando que o vínculo afetivo estabelecido entre as crianças e adolescentes com os funcionários mais próximos aparenta colaborar positivamente no uso de estratégia de coping adaptativo e o acolhimento de crianças e adolescentes é um possível fator protetor contra o estresse.
O Luto de Pais: Considerações Sobre a Perda de um Filho Criança
Authors: Reis Cristine Gabrielle da Costa dos , Olesiak Luísa da Rosa , München Mikaela Aline Bade , Quintana Alberto Manuel , Farias Camila Peixoto
Published: September 2021

Resumo A morte fora de lugar, a perda dos projetos futuros, das idealizações depositadas no filho e o lugar insubstituível que ele ocupa no imaginário dos pais dificultam o processo de elaboração do luto. Neste trabalho, buscou-se compreender como os pais vivenciam a perda de um filho ainda criança e discutir aspectos característicos desses casos. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, em que se entrevistou 11 pais que perderam os filhos crianças, cujas mortes ocorreram em um intervalo que varia entre quatro meses e um ano e quatro meses em relação à entrevista. As entrevistas foram semiestruturadas com eixos norteadores que direcionaram os temas a serem abordados, e os dados foram trabalhados por meio da análise temática, revelando os núcleos de sentido da comunicação. Entre os principais elementos constituintes das narrativas, destacam-se: a dor incomparável, culpa, as experiências diferentes entre pais e mães, os outros filhos, o sentimento de perda de uma parte de si, a perda do objeto narcísico e a vivência do luto diante do funcionamento social contemporâneo. O estudo demonstrou a importância de considerar a singularidade do luto parental e não o confundir com a melancolia. Esses aspectos precisam ser reconhecidos, junto às diferenças que marcam as experiências distintas entre pai e mãe, o narcisismo dos pais e o contexto contemporâneo, a fim de auxiliar na construção de intervenções adequadas nesses casos. Sublinha-se a importância da fala na organização de uma narrativa que permita a construção de um sentido para a perda e a elaboração do luto.
Famílias Monoparentais: Uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: Benatti Ana Paula , Campeol Ângela Roos , Machado Mônica Sperb , Pereira Caroline Rubin Rossato
Published: September 2021

Resumo O presente estudo teve como objetivo apresentar uma revisão sistemática da literatura acerca da temática da monoparentalidade em produções nacionais. Para tanto, realizou-se a busca de estudos publicados entre 1980 e junho de 2017 nas bases de dados on-line IndexPsi, Lilacs, Scielo e PePSIC, utilizando como descritores os termos “monoparental”, “monoparentalidade”, “uniparental”, “mãe ou pai solteira(o)” e “guarda unilateral”. Dessa busca, considerando critérios de inclusão e exclusão, obteve-se 22 artigos empíricos, os quais foram utilizados na produção deste estudo. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo e à análise de frequência simples, sendo apresentados através de cinco categorias: a) ano de publicação; b) periódicos de veiculação dos artigos; c) método de pesquisa; d) região da universidade de origem da produção científica; e e) principais resultados. Acredita-se que o estudo contribuiu com a produção de conhecimento científico na área da psicologia, uma vez que explanou as diferentes perspectivas através das quais o fenômeno da monoparentalidade está sendo compreendido pelos pesquisadores até o presente momento. Tal compreensão é útil tanto para o meio científico, pois direciona novas investigações, fundamentando-se no conhecimento já disponível acerca deste campo, como também para o meio profissional, servindo como suporte aos profissionais que atuam com famílias.
Processos de Subjetivação em Arte e Saúde Mental em um Manicômio Judiciário
Authors: Félix-Silva Antônio Vladimir , Soares Gabriela Pinheiro
Published: September 2021

Resumo Este artigo é um recorte de uma pesquisa-intervenção realizada em um Hospital de Custódia e Tratamento Psiquiátrico (HCTP). Por meio da cartografia, como método e modo de fazer pesquisa qualitativa em psicologia, e da utilização de objetos relacionais da arte em rodas de conversa, tenda do conto e círculos de cultura para a produção dos dados com “pacientes”, agentes penitenciários e técnicos, objetivou-se: a) cartografar processos de subjetivação em arte e saúde mental de pacientes no cotidiano do HCTP; b) mapear a produção de subjetividades custodiadas e seus efeitos nos modos de subjetivação de pacientes; c) analisar modos de sujeição e resistência frente à produção de subjetividades custodiadas. A análise cartográfica dos dados mostra que há, nos processos de subjetivação dos “pacientes”: a) problematização dos modos de sujeição às instituições que agenciam a produção de subjetividades custodiadas, principalmente do poder médico que decide quem está, ou não, apto para a vida em “liberdade”; b) modos de resistência à produção de subjetividades custodiadas, principalmente à excessiva medicalização e às grandes limitações na produção em saúde que atingem o HCTP. As conclusões apontam a arte como dispositivo, principalmente, e a poesia como objeto relacional com o fora da clausura para anunciar que o HCTP é visto pelos “pacientes”, pelos agentes penitenciários e (passa a ser visto) também pelos cartógrafos como prisão, manicômio judiciário, e não como hospital; sendo cada participante da pesquisa não apenas um preso que utiliza psicotrópicos, mas também sujeito que pode devir autor para testemunhar o fracasso/sucesso da psiquiatrização da loucura.
Educação em Direitos Humanos na Perspectiva de Adolescentes Participantes de um Projeto Social
Authors: Severo Franciéli Katiúça Teixeira da Cruz , Giongo Carmem Regina , Moura Elina Perez Gonçalves de
Published: September 2021

Resumo Este artigo possui o objetivo de analisar e discutir as interfaces entre Psicologia e Educação em Direitos Humanos a partir do relato de uma intervenção, na modalidade de oficinas, desenvolvida com adolescentes participantes de um projeto social na região metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Os participantes integrantes do projeto social foram 15 adolescentes de diferentes graus de formação escolar, com idade média de 13,9 anos. Do ponto de vista da produção e coleta de informações, foram utilizadas duas estratégias: aplicação de questionários antes e depois da realização dos cinco encontros e adoção de diário de campo para o registro das informações coletadas em cada oficina. O conteúdo do diário de campo e dos questionários foi analisado a partir da técnica de análise temática. A realização dos encontros permitiu evidenciar realidades de violação dos direitos humanos dos adolescentes, bem como os efeitos da intervenção na vida dos mesmos e as possibilidades de atuação da Psicologia nesses contextos. Além disso, ressalta-se a importância de construir oficinas de Educação em Direitos Humanos junto a grupos de adolescentes como uma estratégia de fomento do compartilhamento de possíveis situações de violações entre os participantes e uma forma de reconhecimento de demandas dessa natureza.
Supernumerary teeth in patients with cleft lip and palate: the tooth germs do not separate
Authors: CONSOLARO Alberto , MEDEIROS Maria Carolina Malta , MIRANDA Dario Augusto Oliveira , OLIVEIRA Ingrid Araújo de
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Supernumerary teeth in cases of cleft lip and palate do not result from the division of normal germs before the formation of hard tissue. Deciduous and permanent teeth odontogenesis begins after the face has formed, either with or without the cleft. Discussion: The most acceptable hypothesis to enable understanding of the presence of supernumerary teeth on one or both sides of the cleft palate is hyperactivity of the dental lamina in its walls. This hyperactivity, with the formation of more tooth germs, must be attributed to mediators and genes related to tooth formation, under strong influence of local epigenetic factors, whose developmental environment was affected by the presence of the cleft. Conclusion: The current concepts of embryology no longer support the fusion of embryonic processes for the formation of the face, but rather the leveling of the grooves between them. All human teeth have a dual embryonic origin, as they are composed of ectoderm and mesenchyme/ectomesenchyme, but this does not make it easy for them to be duplicated to form supernumerary teeth.
Planning and orthodontic preparation for maxillary incisors reshaping
Authors: CASTELLUCCI Marcelo , MATHIAS Paula
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Introduction: Having a beautiful smile is the main desire of people seeking dental treatment. To achieve this goal, many variables must be considered. These include tooth alignment, color, shape and size, besides their harmonious relationship with the lips and face. An individualized diagnosis is essential to achieve the best result. Within this context, facial analysis and the characteristics of shape, size and position of maxillary incisors play a key role. Methods: This paper describes clinical situations in which interdisciplinary treatment was performed to achieve esthetic results in a conservative manner and ensuring greater stability. In most cases requiring reshaping of maxillary incisors for esthetic reasons, prior orthodontic movement is essential. The main focus of this paper is to discuss the many variables involved in these situations. Results and Conclusion: The results of treatments described in this paper were obtained by means of a multidisciplinary approach, involving Orthodontics and Esthetic Dentistry, acting in harmony and recognizing their possibilities and limitations, in order to offer patients the best esthetic solution for their smile. The best treatment option is not always the easiest or fastest. The dentist, as a health professional, should consider the patients’ wishes but also perform treatments with minimal intervention, and the best and most predictable esthetic result, also focusing on function and health.
Idosos de uma antiga colônia brasileira de hanseníase: vulnerabilidade clínico-funcional e autopercepção vocal e auditiva
Authors: Jesus Jessica Danielle Santos de , Ferreira Fabiane Ribeiro , Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza , Medeiros Adriane Mesquita de
Published: September 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a associação entre vulnerabilidade clínico-funcional e autopercepção vocal e auditiva de idosos com histórico de hanseníase. Método Estudo transversal desenvolvido com 117 idosos de uma antiga colônia de hanseníase no sudeste do Brasil. Foram analisadas informações sociodemográficas, e os protocolos: Índice de Vulnerabilidade Clínico-funcional (IVCF-20), Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly Screening Version (HHIE-S), Rastreio de Alteração Vocal em Idosos (RAVI) e Índice de Desvantagem Vocal 10 (IDV-10). O IVCF-20 classifica o idoso como robusto, em risco de fragilização e frágil. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se o modelo de regressão logística ordinal de chances proporcionais. Resultados 37,6% dos idosos foram classificados em robustos, 35,0% em risco de fragilização e 27,4% em frágeis. A alteração vocal (RAVI), desvantagem vocal (IDV-10) e restrição à participação auditiva (HHIE-S) foram observadas em 65,8%, 24,8% e 48,7% dos idosos, respectivamente. Na análise multivariada, verificou-se que idosos mais velhos (OR=1,11; IC: 1,05-1,16) e com desvantagem vocal (OR=4,11; IC 95%: 1,77-9,56) tiveram maiores chances de serem classificados como em risco de fragilização ou frágil. A presença simultânea de desvantagem vocal e restrição à participação auditiva (46,9%) foi maior entre os idosos frágeis. Conclusão O aumento da idade dos idosos e a presença de desvantagem vocal tem associação com a maior vulnerabilidade clínico-funcional. As altas prevalências de alterações vocais e auditivas reforçam a necessidade da inclusão do fonoaudiólogo nas políticas públicas voltadas ao cuidado de pessoas com histórico de hanseníase.
Relação do tempo de trânsito faríngeo e presença de resíduo com dispneia e função pulmonar na doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica
Authors: Prestes Daniele , Rosa Fernanda Borowsky da , Bilheri Diego Fernando Dorneles , Santos Tamires Daros dos , Albuquerque Isabella Martins de , Mancopes Renata , Pasqualoto Adriane Schmidt
Published: September 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Relacionar o tempo de trânsito faríngeo e a presença de resíduos com a dispneia e a função pulmonar em indivíduos com Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica DPOC. Método Estudo realizado com 19 adultos (11 homens e 8 mulheres) com diagnóstico clínico e espirométrico de DPOC e idade média de 63,8 (±9,3) anos. A coleta de dados foi realizada utilizando o questionário COPD Assessment Test (CAT, Teste de Avaliação da DPOC) a escala de dispneia do Medical Research Council modificada (mMRC) e um manovacuômetro digital, para caracterizar o impacto da doença no indivíduo, a dispneia e a função pulmonar. Os dados referentes ao tempo de trânsito faríngeo e resíduo faríngeo foram coletados por meio de análise das imagens videofluoroscópicas realizada por três juízes cegados. Resultados Não foram encontradas relações significativas entre tempo de trânsito faríngeo (TTF) com função pulmonar (r = -0,71), e entre presença de resíduo faríngeo com a dispneia (r= -0,06). O TTF, quando comparado com a normalidade, apresentou-se aumentado. Conclusão Os indivíduos com DPOC, independente da gravidade da doença, não manifestaram associação entre alterações no TTF e resíduo faríngeo e dispneia e função pulmonar.
Voz do idoso: o avanço da idade gera diferentes impactos?
Authors: Gomes Anna Beatriz de Paiva , Simões-Zenari Marcia , Nemr Kátia
Published: September 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar se existem diferenças em aspectos vocais entre idosos com presbifonia, divididos em três faixas etárias. Método Participaram 60 idosos de ambos os sexos com idades entre 60 e 90 anos (média=72,3), com diagnóstico de presbifonia estabelecido em avaliação otorrinolaringológica. A partir da gravação das vozes foi realizada análise perceptivo-auditiva e acústica e os dados foram comparados por meio dos testes estatísticos com os participantes divididos nos grupos etários 60-70 anos, 71-80 anos e 81-90 anos. Resultados Ainda que os idosos dos três grupos tenham apresentado alterações em aspectos vocais variados, como instabilidade e ruído em frequências graves, aqueles com mais de 80 anos apresentaram maior grau de disfonia, rugosidade, soprosidade e pitch. Também foram observados neste grupo maiores desvios em jitter, shimmer e irregularidade e a medida GNE no limite da normalidade. Todas as diferenças foram estatisticamente significativas. A maioria dos idosos dessa faixa etária apresentou ainda alteração no diagrama de desvio fonatório e quebra de frequência. Conclusão Diversos aspectos perceptivo-auditivos e acústicos se apresentaram mais desviados nos idosos mais velhos, o que reforça a necessidade de serem consideradas essas especificidades tanto na avaliação dos efeitos do envelhecimento na voz quanto no desenvolvimento de ações para minimizar o declínio vocal.
ESTIMATED EXPOSURE OF SPINE SURGEONS TO RADIATION
Authors: AMARAL CARLOS ALEXANDRE BOTELHO DO , ANDRADE RICARDO ALVES , LABRONICI PEDRO JOSÉ
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the amount of radiation received and accumulated in the bodies of two surgeons, one being the responsible surgeon and the other the assistant, performing spine surgery procedures over a period of 25 years. Methods Seventy-two spinal surgeries were performed during a seven-month period and the radiation loads were measured in both surgeons. The measurement of radiation was captured in fluoroscopy in anteroposterior and lateral incidences. The surgeon and the assistant used two dosimeters, one in the cervical region protecting the thyroid and the other on the lead apron in the genital region. The radioactive loads were measured in millisieverts and the accumulated charges were recorded monthly in both regions of the body in the two surgeons for seven months and the means for the work periods (1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 years) were estimated. Results It was observed that in the surgeon the average accumulated radiation loads were 131.9% and 176.92% higher than those of the assistant in the cervical and genital regions, respectively. Conclusion While the use of X-rays is indispensable in routine orthopedic surgery, we have to consider the development of techniques of protection, rigor and discipline in the use of safety materials for surgeons. Preventive exposure reduction measures such as using thyroid protection equipment and turning the head away from the patient during fluoroscopy, among others, should be mandatory to promote less radiation exposure. Level of evidence II; Comparative prospective study.
REPRODUCIBILITY OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF PROXIMAL HUMERAL OSSIFICATION IN IDIOPATHIC SCOLIOSIS
Authors: SOUSA FILHO ANTONIO REINALDO DE , MEDEIROS RODRIGO CASTRO DE , MUNIZ GEORGE BRAGA , SOUZA MARCELO PAULO MELO DE , PEREIRA ANDRÉ FLAVIO FREIRE , CABRAL LUCIANO TEMPORAL BORGES , FERREIRA MARCUS ANDRÉ COSTA , RANGEL TÚLIO ALBUQUERQUE DE MOURA
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the intra- and interobserver reproducibility of the classification of proximal humeral ossification in patients with idiopathic scoliosis. Methods Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. Radiographs (anteroposterior) of 29 patients diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis were chosen and investigated at the Spine Surgery Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of the Hospital Getúlio Vargas, Recife, Pernambuco. These radiographs were evaluated and classified by 9 spinal orthopedic surgeons at two moments, with a minimum interval of 30 days, for analysis of the intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility of the classification of proximal humeral ossification used as a predictor of peak growth velocity. Results Intraobserver reproducibility achieved moderate to substantial concordance with the kappa index. In the analysis of interobserver reproducibility using the Fleiss’ kappa method, a reasonable to moderate concordance was observed, except for in stage 5, in which concordance ranged from substantial to almost perfect. Conclusion In this study, the reproducibility of the Li classification in most of the stages was reasonable to moderate for the interobserver assessment and moderate to substantial for the intraobserver assessment, which differs from the current literature. Level of evidence III; Diagnostic studies – Investigation of a diagnostic test.
Strength–dilatancy and critical state behaviours of binary mixtures of graded sands influenced by particle size ratio and fines content
Authors: Yilmaz Yuksel , Deng Yibing , Chang Ching S. , Gokce Aydin
Published: September 2021

Binary granular soil mixtures, as common heterogeneous soils, are ubiquitous in nature and man-made deposits. Fines content and particle size ratio are two important gradation parameters for a binary mixture, which have potential influences on mechanical behaviours. However, experimental studies on drained shear behaviour considering the whole range of fines content and different particle size ratios are scarce in the literature. For this purpose, a series of drained triaxial compression tests was performed on dense binary silica sand mixtures with four different particle size ratios to investigate systematically the effects of fines content and particle size ratio on the drained shear behaviours. Based on these tests, the strength-dilation behaviour and critical state behaviour were examined. It was observed that both fines content and particle size ratio have significant influence on the stress–strain response, the critical state void ratio, the critical state friction angle, the maximum dilation angle, the peak friction angle and the stress–dilatancy relation. The underlying mechanism for the effects of fines content and particle size ratio was discussed from the perspective of the kinematic movements at particle level.
Multi-Agent based Intelligent Decision Support Systems for Cancer Classification
Authors: Salem Hanaa , Attiya Gamal , El-Fishawy Nawal
Published: September 2021

There is evidence that early detection of cancer diseases can improve the treatment and increase the survival rate of patients. This paper presents an efficient CAD system for cancer diseases diagnosis by gene expression profiles of DNA microarray datasets. The proposed CAD system combines Intelligent Decision Support System (IDSS) and Multi-Agent (MA) system. The IDSS represents the backbone of the entire CAD system. It consists of two main phases; feature selection/reduction phase and a classification phase. In the feature selection/reduction phase, eight diverse methods are developed. While, in the classification phase, three evolutionary machine learning algorithms are employed. On the other hand, the MA system manages the entire operation of the CAD system. It first initializes several IDSSs (exactly 24 IDSSs) with the aid of mobile agents and then directs the generated IDSSs to run concurrently on the input dataset. Finally, a master agent selects the best classification, as the final report, based on the best classification accuracy returned from the 24 IDSSs The proposed CAD system is implemented in JAVA, and evaluated by using three microarray datasets including; Leukemia, Colon tumor, and Lung cancer. The system is able to classify different types of cancer diseases accurately in a very short time. This is because the MA system invokes 24 different IDSS to classify the diseases concurrently in parallel processing manner before taking the decision of the best classification result.
E-learning megvalósítások tapasztalatai és eredményei az Eszterházy Károly Egyetemen
Authors: Antal Péter
Published: September 2021

A hagyományostól eltérő tudásközvetítés szerepe világszerte megnőtt. Ez egyrészt a meglévő kompetenciák, minőségi és tartalmi változásának köszönhető, másrészt a hagyományos oktatás tartalmi és strukturális rugalmatlanságából fakad. Annak ellenére, hogy a technika által támogatott tudásátadás néhány előnye kézenfekvőnek tűnhet, a távoktatás alkalmazásának mindenhol vannak korlátai. Az Eszterházy Károly Egyetemen 2010 óta használjuk a MOODLE távoktatási keretrendszert többkevesebb sikerrel. Az EFOP-3.4.3-16-2016 pályázat keretein belül létrejött egy kutatócsoport, amelynek feladata az interaktív, online kurzusokhoz kapcsolódóan a tanulási eredmények monitorozását lehetővé tévő eszközök, alkalmazások kísérleti beépítése illetve újak kifejlesztése. Ennek egyik része az a vizsgálat, amely a felhasználók elégedettségét (tanár, diák) és kompetenciáját méri. A koronavírus járvány okozta hirtelen változások nyilvánvalóvá tették, hogy mind a diákok mind a tanárok, egyetemi oktatók jó része nem készült fel a digitális oktatás kihívásaira, sem módszertani sem technikai szempontból. Előadásomban ennek a felmérésnek az eredményeiről szeretnék beszámolni. ----- The implementation of e-Learning solutions at the Eszterházy Károly University: experiences and results ----- The increasing global role of non-traditional knowledge transmission methods is partly due to the quality and content-based modifications of existing competences along with the inflexible content and structure of the traditional school. While technologically supported knowledge transmission has obvious benefits, distance learning generally has its own limitations. The MOODLE distance learning framework system was implemented at the Eszterházy Károly University in 2010 and has operated with varying success since then. In order to develop and integrate tools and applications facilitating the monitoring of learning outcomes related to interactive, on-line courses a research group was formed with the support of the EFOP-3.4.3-16-2016 project. The tasks of the research group included ascertaining the satisfaction and competence levels of the users (instructors and students) of the e-Learning system. The sudden changes brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic revealed that the majority of students and instructors were not prepared to respond to the challenges of digital instruction from a methodological or technological point of view. In my presentation, I will introduce the results of the abovementioned survey.