bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
General statistical model of irradiance fluctuations in free space optics
Authors: Shishter Yousef M. , Young Rupert , Ali Falah H.
Published: November 2022

A model for the received irradiance statistical distribution for turbulence induced fading channels is derived. The derivation is based on expanding the extended Rytov method by associating a doubly stochastic process to model large scale scintillation. In particular, the large scale induced fluctuations are modeled as the product of arbitrary numbers of gamma and inverse gamma random variables, while the small scale induced irradiance fluctuations are modeled as a single gamma random variable. Closed form expressions for the probability density function (pdf), cumulative distributions, and moment generating function are given. Also, a procedure is proposed for associating the pdf parameters with the large and small scale induced variances. The proposed model is seen to contain many previously published models, such as gamma–gamma (GG) and Fischer–Snedicor

F

, as special cases. Moreover, two new fading distributions are introduced and analyzed, and plots for the proposed pdfs are generated and compared with often used models and measurements, thus showing the accuracies of the derived models.
Using fluorescent beads to emulate single fluorophores
Authors: Alemán-Castañeda Luis A. , Feng Sherry Yi-Ting , Gutiérrez-Cuevas Rodrigo , Herrera Isael , Brown Thomas G. , Brasselet Sophie , Alonso Miguel A.
Published: November 2022

We study the conditions under which fluorescent beads can be used to emulate single fluorescent molecules in the calibration of optical microscopes. Although beads are widely used due to their brightness and easy manipulation, there can be notable differences between the point spread functions (PSFs) they produce and those for single-molecule fluorophores, caused by their different emission patterns and sizes. We study theoretically these differences for various scenarios, e.g., with or without polarization channel splitting, to determine the conditions under which the use of beads as a model for single molecules is valid. We also propose methods to model the blurring due to the size difference and compensate for it to produce PSFs that are more similar to those for single molecules.
Disguised assumptions and the conditions for validity of Debye integral representation of focused fields
Authors: Li Yajun
Published: November 2022

In the paper of Wolf and Li [Opt. Commun. 39, 205 (1981)OPCOB80030-401810.1016/0030-4018(81)90107-3], a sufficient condition was obtained under which the Debye integral representation (DIR) may be expected to give a good approximation to the solution of a boundary value problem that is generally taken to represent a field in the region of focus. After a long calculation of the solid angle of the circular cone of rays over which the Debye integral extends, the validity condition of DIR reduces to the requirement that the Fresnel number of the diffracting aperture, when viewed from the geometrical focus, is much greater compared to unity. The current study removes the long calculation of the cones of rays and replaces it with an analysis of Debye’s disguised assumption relating to a replacement of the actual (unknown) field emerging from the exit pupil by the unperturbed incident field.
Fast metasurface hybrid lens design using a semi-analytical model
Authors: Cléroux Cuillerier Alexandre , Borne Jeck , Thibault Simon
Published: November 2022

We propose a new method for integrating metasurfaces in optical design using semi-analytical modeling of dielectric nanostructures. The latter computes the output phase of an electric field incident on the metasurface, allowing their use with ray-tracing software. This tool provides a method to use metasurfaces in optical systems while using built-in optimization processes to avoid time-consuming computation. To demonstrate the applicability and versatility of our method, we present variations of a triplet composed of refractive elements and a metasurface. For each of the systems, similar optical performances are achieved. Our unique and innovative approach to joining metasurfaces and ray-tracing has the potential to promote the design of innovative systems by exploiting the richness of metasurfaces and the functionality of conventional lens design software.
Fabrication of the high-precision micro-structure array using a phase shift modulation of superimposed oscillation in ultra-precision grinding
Authors: Chen Shanshan , Yang Shuming , Cheung Chi Fai , Duan Duanzhi , Ho Lai Ting , Jiang Zhuangde , Kang Chengwei
Published: November 2022

Various micro-structure surface texturing methods have been used to produce optical functional surface in the grinding, such as the textured grinding wheel, wheel path control and off-spindle-axis grinding. However, those grinding technologies are inherently challenged to employ in large-scale surface grinding due to the extremely high requirement for wheel cutting profile dressing. In this study, a novel phase shift modulation based on wheel oscillation motion was proposed to generate the micro-structure array in ultra-precision grinding. The phase shift effect involved in the surface micro-structure generation is investigated, in which the role of the second phase shift on superimposed mode and micro-waviness forms is discussed. A theoretical model based on the tool superimposed oscillation is established to study the micro-structure texture generation mechanism by considering the second phase shift. The influence of modulation frequency in the case of phase shift and out of phase shift on the surface texture generation both for the striation pattern and micro-structure is compared to clarify the transition between the continuous grooves and the discrete micro-structure array. The study indicates that the phase shift modulation represents a novel paradigm for fabricating micro-structure array with considerable capability and high efficiency in ultra-precision grinding.
Electrically controllable self-assembly of gold nanorods into a plasmonic nanostructure for highly efficiency SERS
Authors: Dong Jun , Yuan Jiaxin , Cao Yi , Zhao Yizhen , Han Qingyan , Gao Wei , Li Tuo , Zhu Lipeng , Qi Jianxia
Published: November 2022

In this Letter, a method for the rapid and efficient preparation of ultrasensitive detection substrates by assembling gold nanorod suspensions with the application of an alternating current (AC) field is proposed, and it is found that frequency and voltage are the effective means of regulation. A sandwich structure (parallel SiO2 plate) not only effectively slows down the evaporation rate, but also visually reveals the changes in the assembly process. Under the optimal assembly conditions, the sensitivity and uniformity of the substrate to different probe molecules are tested. The Raman detection results experimentally show that the detection limits of Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G), crystal violet (CV), and Aspartame (APM) molecular solutions are 10−14 M, 10−10 M, and 62.5 mg/L, respectively, and the mixed dye molecular solutions can also be effectively distinguished. Furthermore, Rh6G and CV characteristic peaks at 1647 cm−1 and 1619 cm−1 were measured at randomly selected positions, and their relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 5.63% and 8.45%, respectively, indicating that the substrate has good uniformity. The effective regulation of the self-assembly results of nanoparticles will further enhance the practical application effect of surface-enhanced Raman technology and expand the application prospects of this technology.
Human behavior determinants of exposure to Anopheles vectors of malaria in Sumba, Indonesia
Authors: Rozi Ismail E. , Syahrani Lepa , Permana Dendi H. , Asih Puji B. S. , Hidayati Anggi P. N. , Kosasih Sully , Dewayanti Farahana K. , Risandi Rifqi , Zubaidah Siti , Bangs Michael J. , Bøgh Claus , Grieco John P. , Baus Juan E. , Eugenio Evercita , Monroe April , Liu Fang , Achee Nicole L. , Syafruddin Din , Lobo Neil F.
Published: November 2022

Malaria vector control interventions in Sumba, Indonesia, have not been able to eliminate malaria. Human drivers of exposure to Anopheles bites were investigated as part of a larger clinical trial evaluating the impact of a spatial repellent product on malaria incidence. Human behavioral observations (HBOs) evaluating temporal and spatial presence, sleeping behaviors, and insecticide treated net (ITN) use, were collected parallel to entomological collections—indoor and outdoor human landing catches (HLCs), and house hold surveys. Data demonstrates that mosquito access to humans, enabled by structurally open houses, is evident by the similar entomological landing rates both inside and outside households. The presence of animals inside houses was associated with increased mosquito entry–however, the number of humans present inside houses was not related to increased mosquito landing. Analyzing mosquito landing rates with human behavior data enables the spatial and temporal estimation of exposure to Anopheles bites, accounting for intervention (ITN) presence and usage. Human behavior adjusted exposure to Anopheles bites was found to be highest in the early in the evening, but continued at lower levels throughout the night. Over the night, most exposure (53%) occurred when people were indoors and not under the protection of nets (asleep or awake) followed by exposure outside (44%). Characterized gaps in protection are outdoor exposure as well as exposure indoors–when awake, and when asleep and not using ITNs. Interestingly, in the primary trial, even though there was not a significant impact of the spatial repellent on vector biting rates by themselves (16%), when factoring in human behavior, there was approximately 28% less exposure in the intervention arm than in the placebo arm. The treated arm had less human behavior adjusted bites in all spaces evaluated though there was proportionally higher exposure indoors. This analysis points to the importance of using HBOs both towards understanding gaps in protection as well as how interventions are evaluated. To mitigate ongoing transmission, understanding context specific spatial and temporal exposure based on the interactions of vectors, humans and interventions would be vital for a directed evidence-based control or elimination strategy.
Trends and patterns of North Korea’s disease burden from 1990 to 2019: Results from Global Burden of Disease study 2019
Authors: Lee Eun Hae , Choi Minjae , Sempungu Joshua Kirabo , Lee Yo Han
Published: November 2022

Background

Evidence for the trends and patterns of disease burden in North Korea is limited, and in-depth analysis based on several health outcomes for a better understanding remains challenging. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the trends and patterns of disease burden in North Korea between 1990 and 2019.

Methods

We used data from the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD) 2019 study to analyze the North Korean disease burden in comparison with four groups: global, South Korea, low-sociodemographic index (SDI) countries, Central and Eastern Europe, and Central Asia (former socialist countries). We also examined changes in the disease burden between 1990 and 2019 by disease category and age group.

Findings

In 2019, in North Korea, death rates and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rates were reduced by 22.2% and 30.7%, respectively, compared to 1990. The rates showed similar trends and patterns to that in former socialist countries. However, these reductions were lower than those of the global rates and rates in low-SDI countries and South Korea. Death rates and DALY rates for under five years dramatically decreased by more than 78%, similar to the trend in South Korea. In contrast, the decline in the death rates and DALY rates of adults was less than those worldwide and in low-SDI countries and South Korea. The burden of diseases among those aged ≥30 years increased largely due to the persistently high burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, and chronic respiratory diseases were the leading causes of the disease burden in both 1990 and 2019.

Interpretation

North Korea’s disease burden patterns and trends show clear improvements over the past 30 years but suggest that the current challenges of NCDs in the country are very serious. NCDs should be no longer neglected and should be prioritized in public health agendas in North Korea.
Real-world assessment of the clinical utility of whole body 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of infection
Authors: Medvedeva Natalia , Radcliffe Christopher , Malinis Maricar , Chen Ming-Kai , Azar Marwan M.
Published: November 2022

Few studies have aimed to capture the full spectrum of 18fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) use for evaluation of infections in a real-world context. We performed a retrospective chart review of hospitalized patients who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for the workup of infection between April, 2013 and September, 2019. The clinical indications for and impact of 18F-FDG PET/CT on diagnostic and antimicrobial management were evaluated across different infectious indications. Sixty-one patients met the inclusion criteria. The most common indication was identifying a source of a known infection (46%), followed by fever of unknown etiology (FUE)/fever of unknown origin (FUO) (38%), and other (16%). 18F-FDG PET/CT was determined to have had a diagnostic or management clinical impact for a total of 22 patients (36%) including 12/28 (43%) of patients with known infection, 7/23 (30%) of patients with FUE/FUO, and 3/10 (30%) of patients with other indications. 18F-FDG PET/CT confirmed suspected prosthetic endovascular infection for 6/16 (38%) patients. In this study,18F-FDG PET/CT led to a clinical impact on diagnostic and treatment management of hospitalized patients across a variety of syndromes and particularly for source identification in the setting of known infection.
Enhanced recombinant protein production in CHO cell continuous cultures under growth-inhibiting conditions is associated with an arrested cell cycle in G1/G0 phase
Authors: Avello Verónica , Torres Mauro , Vergara Mauricio , Berrios Julio , Valdez-Cruz Norma A. , Acevedo Cristian , Molina Sampayo Maria , Dickson Alan J. , Altamirano Claudia
Published: November 2022

Low temperature and sodium butyrate (NaBu) are two of the most used productivity-enhancing strategies in CHO cell cultures during biopharmaceutical manufacturing. While these two approaches alter the balance in the reciprocal relationship between cell growth and productivity, we do not fully understand their mechanisms of action beyond a gross cell growth inhibition. Here, we used continuous culture to evaluate the differential effect of low temperature and NaBu supplementation on CHO cell performance and gene expression profile. We found that an increase in cell-productivity under growth-inhibiting conditions was associated with the arrest of cells in the G1/G0 phase. A transcriptome analysis revealed that the molecular mechanisms by which low temperature and NaBu arrested cell cycle in G1/G0 differed from each other through the deregulation of different cell cycle checkpoints and regulators. The individual transcriptome changes in pattern observed in response to low temperature and NaBu were retained when these two strategies were combined, leading to an additive effect in arresting the cell cycle in G1/G0 phase. The findings presented here offer novel molecular insights about the cell cycle regulation during the CHO cell bioprocessing and its implications for increased recombinant protein production. This data provides a background for engineering productivity-enhanced CHO cell lines for continuous manufacturing.
Managing culinary adversity with food literacy: Children’s encounter with whole fish and bitter greens
Authors: Feuer Hart N.
Published: November 2022

The global dietary transition is, among other things, marked by the prominence of softer, mechanically easy-to-eat foods and simple flavours. However, maintaining children’s tolerance to adverse dietary experiences, such as eating around bones, or consuming bitter vegetables, is an important contributor to nutritional balance and cultural preservation. Re-framing the capability to eat ‘difficult’ foods as an admirable, broadly useful, life skill would go a long way towards fighting against food neophobia or predilection for ultra-processed foods. In this article, I reflect on a sub-set of data gathered in 2018–20 from interactive food literacy benchmarking activities for 12–17-year-olds in Japan and Cambodia. Among the activities were measures of eating skill and tolerating adversity involving consumption of (A) bitter green vegetables and (B) whole fish. I find that social pressures lead children to derive social recognition from their food literacy and to make cognitive leaps about the utility of being able to face culinary adversity. This presents an alternative for casting adverse foods as personal, lifelong challenges rather than as momentary gustatory revulsion. It also presents an alternative approach to conventional food education, with the possibility for simultaneously measuring food literacy deficits and creating context for their resolution.
Fighting shadows? The concept and emergence of ableism in society and at the worplace
Authors: Csillag Sára , Svastics Carmen , Győri Zsuzsanna , Hidegh Anna Laura
Published: November 2022

Ableism is both an ideology and a belief system that privileges ableness and normality considering disability as a lower form of human existence and rendering people with disabilities invisible. Based on a literature summary, the current paper intends to describe the concept and roots of ableism and to show how it is manifested in society and the labour market as well as within the individual. It also introduces some research that uses ableism as an analytical tool to address issues of marginalisation and discrimination. The results provide insight into the broad and complex ways in which ableism can influence and constrain the opportunities of people with disabilities and their responses to social challenges. The paper aims not only to raise awareness of ableism as a potential form of oppression for interested academic researchers, university students, and diversity practitioners, but also to encourage them to conduct further research and identify ways of eliminating it.
Inferior Mesenteric Vein Thrombosis Resulting in Pylephlebitis in a Patient With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Becker Erica C. , Grover Dheera , Patel Sanket , Dhakras Purabi , Rossi Lisa
Published: November 2022

Although uncommon, pylephlebitis is a life-threatening complication of mesenteric vein thrombosis. It is reported to affect adult men more commonly than women, with a median age of 57 years. Furthermore, few cases have been reported of pylephlebitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Owing to low prevalence, there is a paucity of data regarding the diagnosis and management of pylephlebitis. Treatment approach ranges from conservative management (antibiotics and/or systemic anticoagulation) to surgical management. We report a case of a 62-year-old man diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease with a course complicated by pylephlebitis of the inferior mesenteric vein managed successfully with antibiotics and anticoagulation.
Film Review - Werewolf (2014)
Authors: Alan-Lee Nathan
Published: November 2022

A review of Adrian Panek's Werewolf (2014).
LITERATURE REVIEW: HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS (HFE) IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY
Authors: Dewantari Nustin Merdiana , Herlina Lely
Published: November 2022

In the era of sustainable development, humans are a system because of their role in development. The food industry is growing fast at this time, and it is important for the sustainability of a country, while the human factor and ergonomics will provide benefits if applied. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a literature study. This study aims to provide a better understanding and research opportunities on human factors and ergonomics in the food industry. This review literature search was carried out using Publish and Perish based on the Google Scholar database with the search year 2015-2022, then checking the journals one by one. There were twenty-seven articles discussing human factors and ergonomics in the food industry. Based on the year of research, research on human factors and ergonomics began in 2017 and has increased every year until 2019. RULA, SNQ, and REBA are the ergonomics data analysis techniques most widely used by researchers, and Elsevier became the publisher most used. The focus of the research area is large on improving ergonomics. The discussion of human factors and ergonomics can be implemented in various sectors, including the food industry, the integration of human factors with other fields is also worth considering.
Smysluplné konzultace dítě–rodič–učitel
Authors: Zitková Helena , Hezká Martina
Published: November 2022

Tento příspěvek představuje inspirativní a inovativní způsob vedení konzultací ve formě dítě–rodič–učitel na prvním stupni základní školy a proces jejich implementace v praxi. Jedná se o užitečný pedagogický nástroj, který je v době zvětšující se potřeby psychosociální podpory žáků přínosný zejména pro dítě a jeho učení, ale zároveň je cenným zdrojem informací pro rodiče dítěte a samotného učitele. V bezpečném prostředí založeném na všestranné respektující komunikaci dítě na základě vlastního sebehodnocení seznamuje rodiče s procesem a výsledky svého učení. Naše zkušenost ukazuje, že takto vedené konzultace podporují emocionální stabilitu dětí, a za užitečné, smysluplné a přínosné je považují všechny zúčastněné strany.
Distanční výuka z pohledu žáků 2. stupně základní školy
Authors: Mazúchová Ráchel
Published: November 2022

Empirické šetření si klade za cíl prozkoumat pole názorů žáků na distanční výuku v době pandemie onemocnění covid-19 a karantény, vymezit a identifikovat užitečnost výuky ve specifických podmínkách z pohledu žáků. Článek předkládá výsledky kvalitativní výzkumné sondy zaměřené na žákovské vnímání a hodnocení distanční výuky od října 2020 do května 2021, a to především v porovnání s výukou prezenční, jež distanční výuce předcházela a poté na ni navazovala. Žáci druhého stupně základní školy byli po návratu do školy vyzváni, aby písemně odpověděli na otázky týkající se jejich vnímání právě skončeného distančního vyučování. Při otevřeném kódování bylo identifikováno a interpretováno několik základních témat, která se ve výpovědích opakovala. Tyto vynořující se okruhy témat poskytly poměrně detailní náhled na to, jak děti na výrazné především formální, ale i obsahové změny ve vyučování nahlížely. Závěry pomáhají vymezit a identifikovat kvalitu výuky ve specifických podmínkách z pohledu těch, na něž je výuka zacílena – žáků samotných.
An investigation of the economic impact of small-scale sports events: The case of a medium-sized city in the Western United States
Authors: Rowley Andrew , Smith Jimmy
Published: November 2022

The current study was designed to bridge a sporting event typological and geographical gap by investigating evidence of the economic impact of five small-scale sports events in the Western region of the United States. Utilizing the input-output economic impact equation established by the Sports Event and Tourism Association, data was collected from participants and spectators through on-site intercept surveys. Data was analyzed using the traditional calculations for economic impact as well as offering real-time economic impact data using an sporting event intercept survey procedure. Results showed small-scale events impact the economy of their host city positively, mainly by filling hotel rooms that would otherwise have gone vacant. Results also show that real-time economic impact data may prove more reliable to future decisions of cities hosting events. Previous research on mid-sized cities hosting sporting events as well as the current research related to small-scale sporting events proves more beneficial than large-scale sporting events in large-sized cities.
Given the information from the current study, local sports commissions and political figures may effectively advocate hosting small-scale events to their public using the justification of economic impact (traditional or real-time). Additionally, stakeholders of such events should consider maintaining or expanding the current inventory of small-scale events throughout the calendar year.
Classification changes in para swimming and their impact on the Czech Para Swimming Team
Authors: Šašek Vít , Daďová Klára , Půlpán David
Published: November 2022

This aim of this article is to describe up-to-date polices and main classification issues in Paralympic sport with focus on Paralympic swimming. Using narrative review, it determines the influence of recent classification changes by reviewing available research data on how the classification system works and what direction it has taken after January 2018 when the new Classification Manual for swimming was published. It analyzes those changes in Czech Para Swimming Team during 4-year-period leading up to Tokyo Paralympic Games 2020 including 3 major swimming competetions and Paralympic Games itself. The results show the changes directly influenced the performance of Czech para swimmers in mentioned major competetions in a positive way. Czech Para Swimming Team added two more medals and gained more spots for both men and women for Tokyo Paralympic Games 2020 effectively extending relatively small Czech Paralympic Team in Tokyo.
Чорнобиль як зона відчуження та самопізнання ( за книгою Маркіяна Камиша Оформляндія, або Прогулянка в Зону )
Authors: Пухонська Оксана
Published: November 2022

The presented article refers to Chornobyl as a text of culture which reflects such important problems as nature, human, ecology and memory. These problems the author of the research interprets through the literary work by contemporary Ukrainian writer Markiian Kamysh. The sources of literary contents of the writer’s book are based on his own experience of illegal travel to the Exclusion Zone,called stalkering. The hero of the book pays attention to the existential need of the contemporary human—how to establish a dialogue with nature, and to reveal yourself in it. Chornobyl in literature about environment is not only a symbol of catastrophe, but a space of finding yourself as part of nature, history and culture.
Ocena kondycji finansowej jednostek samorządu terytorialnego w obliczu pandemii COVID-19 na przykładzie województw samorządowych w Polsce
Authors: Ociepa-Kicińska Elżbieta , Gorzałczyńska-Koczkodaj Małgorzata , Brzozowska Krystyna , Pluskota Przemysław
Published: November 2022

Działania podejmowane poprzez każdą jednostkę samorządu terytorialnego (JST) w celu minimalizowania wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na gospodarkę wiązały się z koniecznością wydatkowania środków publicznych w inny sposób niż było to zaplanowane w budżetach tych jednostek. Powszechna stała się opinia, że pandemia wpłynęła na kondycję finansową JST, brak jednak analiz na poziomie województw, które są finansowane inaczej niż gminy. Za cel pracy przyjęto ocenę wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na kondycję finansową województw samorządowych w Polsce obrazowaną przez podstawowe wskaźniki budżetowe. Analiza pokazała, że opieranie się na wskaźnikach, które według teorii powinny obrazować sytuację finansową JST, w sytuacjach nadzwyczajnych, jak pandemia COVID-19, nie oddaje faktycznego obrazu sytuacji.
Green space in health research: an overview of common indicators of greenness
Authors: Vilcins Dwan , Sly Peter D. , Scarth Peter , Mavoa Suzanne
Published: November 2022

Human environments influence human health in both positive and negative ways. Green space is considered an environmental exposure that confers benefits to human health and has attracted a high level of interest from researchers, policy makers, and increasingly clinicians. Green space has been associated with a range of health benefits, such as improvements in physical, mental, and social wellbeing. There are different sources, metrics and indicators of green space used in research, all of which measure different aspects of the environment. It is important that readers of green space research understand the terminology used in this field, and what the green space indicators used in the studies represent in the real world. This paper provides an overview of the major definitions of green space and the indicators used to assess exposure for health practitioners, public health researchers, and health policy experts who may be interested in understanding this field more clearly, either in the provision of public health-promoting services or to undertake research.
Listening Modes in Concerts
Authors: Weining Christian
Published: November 2022

While the use of music in everyday life is much studied, the ways of listening to music during live performances have hardly been considered. To fill this gap and provide a starting point for further research, this article accomplishes two goals: First, it presents a literature review of the field of listening modes, encompassing seven categories of modes of listening to music. The categories identified in the literature are: diffuse listening, bodily listening, emotional listening, associative listening, structural listening, reduced listening, and causal listening. Subsequently, a conceptual model of music listening in Western classical concerts is developed on the basis of the identified categories and the Ecological Theory of Perception. In this framework, the Western classical concert is understood as a social-aesthetic event in which the experience of the audience is determined by many factors. It is argued that the frame of the concert (location, setting, staging, light, etc.) influences the listening mode and this in turn influences the aesthetic experience. The hypotheses derived from the review and the model are suitable for empirical investigation and expand the understanding of music listening in concerts and beyond.
Unraveling the Filled Duration Illusion and its Stability in Repeated Measurements
Authors: Becková Adéla , Rudolfová Veronika , Horáček Jiří , Nekovářová Tereza
Published: November 2022

Interval timing plays an essential role in various types of behavior including perception and production of music. However, subjectively perceived intervals may substantially differ from their objective durations. One of the phenomena, the filled duration illusion (FDI), is well described in the literature; however, there are still many questions to address concerning mechanisms behind this phenomenon. To further unravel the FDI, we asked 61 healthy adults to reproduce the duration of various acoustic stimuli (from 2 to 3 seconds). We used empty intervals (marked by two short tones) and filled intervals: a continuous tone or rhythmical tone sequences in legato or staccato. We demonstrated that the reproduction of empty intervals was shorter than reproduction of all filled intervals, whereas the reproduction of rhythmic intervals was the longest. Therefore, we clearly demonstrated and distinguished both types of the FDI—the sustained sound illusion and the divided time illusion—and documented their test-retest stability in two subsequent measurements. Moreover, we confirmed the effect of tone pitch on the reproduction—higher pitch tones were judged as longer. By testing all the mentioned phenomena in repeated measurements, we demonstrated the stability of the illusions and prepared the ground for an investigation of more complex musical stimuli.
Introduction
Authors: Jurėnienė Virginija , Pavlovaitė Ugnė
Published: November 2022

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Assessing the Impact of Cultural Education Activities: the Problem of a Creation or when We Lose the Ability to Compare
Authors: Alperytė Irena
Published: November 2022

In 2021, the association “Knowledge Economy Forum” published their research “The assessment of the impact of cultural education activities”. The mentioned paper included analysis of countries’ cultural education practices designed for children and youth (including Lithuania and its comparison to international practices). In general, the assessment of the impact of the existing cultural education “mapping” in Lithuania is welcomed, and this paper is based on empirical research. The most important drawback of the mentioned research is a lack of scientific criteria.
Strategic Financial Management of Organizers of Classical Music Performances
Authors: Pilkytė Rūta
Published: November 2022

The future of the classical music is uncertain both in Lithuania and the world. The very ability of this genre to withstand changing trends, financial needs, ability to retain and find new audiences is in question. Organizations that sell classical music are forced to look for additional sources of funding. The differences in sources of funding used by organizations may be explained by the political and legal environment, traditions of art patronage and other support (also, the willingness to ask for such a support), and the availability of fundraising resources. Ensuring the scope of funding sources is identified as a key task during the strategic financial management of classical music performance organizers, along with other stages of management that could lead to more efficient operations.The method of scientific literature and document analysis was used in this work. The research was concluded by stating that strategic financial management in organizations performing classical music includes: 1) the organization’s adaptation to the external environment; 2) getting ready for decision-making which is necessary to ensure adequate financial resources of the organization and their efficient use, taking into account the mission and objectives of the organization; 3) the implementation of the strategy (organizing events); 4) financial control and analysis.
A Communication Model of Art Information Accessibility for People with Disabilities
Authors: Navickaitė Rugilė
Published: November 2022

People with disabilities still face barriers to participation in society, face freedom of choice, lack of opportunities to act independently, discrimination, accessibility issues, and equal rights. Only the physical accessibility of the environment is emphasized, but social activity is strongly influenced by the availability of information. Access to culture/art is physical and informational. Cultural organisations should integrate marketing tools into their activities through the communication process and the presentation of art products and services.Scientific problem – What integrated marketing communication tools do increase the information accessibility of art for people with disabilities?The object of the work is integrated marketing communication tools that increase the information accessibility of art for people with disabilities. The aim of the work is to develop an empirically based theoretical model of integrated marketing communication tools that increase the information accessibility of art for people with disabilities.
Comparison of Different Underlying Distributions in The Accelerated Failure Time (AFT) Model on Mortality of Covid-19 Patients
Authors: Meiza Asti , Awaluddin Asep Solih , Hidayah Nurapni Oktapia , Taha Adnan
Published: November 2022

In 2022, the COVID-19 virus is still making headlines in various mass media because it is a virus that is very dangerous to health. The world health organization, WHO, explained that the virus caused a global pandemic that infected the whole world. The condition of a pandemic has not yet turned into an endemic. Based on the total confirmed COVID-19 positive cases, Indonesia ranks 18th in the world out of 222 infected countries. To determine the influence factors on COVID-19 cases, survival analysis is one of the techniques that could be applied. One of the most commonly used models in survival analysis is Accelerated Failure Time (AFT) model. In the AFT model, it is required to check assumptions regarding the feasibility of the distribution form. In this study, the distributions used are Weibull, Exponential, Log-normal, and Log-logistics distributions. We compare each distribution to get the best model to analyze death cases due to COVID-19. Comparisons are made by comparing the AIC values of each distribution. The best model is selected based on the smallest AIC value. The AFT model with a log-normal distribution is selected as the best model with an AIC value of 142.763. The AIC value for this log-normal distribution is the smallest compared to the AIC value for other distributions.Keywords: accelerated failure time model; COVID-19; mortality analysis; survival analysis. AbstrakTahun 2022, virus COVID-19 masih menjadi berita utama di berbagai media massa karena merupakan salah satu virus yang sangat berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Badan organisasi kesehatan dunia, WHO menjelaskan bahwa virus menyebabkan  terjadinya pandemi global yang menginfeksi seluruh dunia. Kondisi pandemi masih belum berubah menjadi endemi. Dari total yang terkonfirmasi positif COVID-19 Indonesia menduduki posisi ke-18 di dunia dari 222 negara yang terinfeksi. Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap COVID-19 dan untuk menentukan model dari COVID-19 ini salah satunya dapat dilakukan dengan analisis survival. Salah satu model survival yang digunakan yaitu model Accelerated Failure Time (AFT).  Dalam model AFT ini diharuskan melakukan pengecekan asumsi-asumsi mengenai kelayakan bentuk distribusi. Pada penelitian ini distribusi yang digunakan yaitu distribusi Weibull, Eksponensial, Log-normal, dan Log-logistik. Dilakukan perbandingan antar tiap distribusi untuk mendapatkan model terbaik yang dapat digunakan dalam menganalisis kasus kematian akibat COVID-19. Perbandingan dilakukan dengan membandingkan nilai AIC dari  setiap distribusi. Hasil penelitian memilih model AFT dengan distribusi log-normal sebagai model terbaik dengan nilai AIC sebesar 142,763. Nilai AIC untuk distribusi log-normal ini paling kecil dibandingkan dengan nilai AIC untuk distribusi lainnya.Kata Kunci: analisis mortalitas; analisis survival; COVID-19; model accelerated failure time. 2020MSC: 62P10
GSTAR (1,1) Modeling with Time-Correlated Errors for Geoelectric Resistivity Log Data in Pontianak City
Authors: Yundari Yundari , Jonathan Ryan , Helmi Helmi
Published: November 2022

Planting of concrete piles on the soil surface must reach a layer of rock/soil that is hard enough for the building to stand firmly. Rock/soil layers can be studied through geoelectric resistivity log data. We require tools with high prices and need a complicated process to obtain such data. Therefore, a mathematical model is developed to explore geological formations using a space-time model to overcome these problems. The generalized space-time autoregressive (GSTAR) model can be applied to the resistivity data. However, this data correlates with each rock layer. Therefore, we develop a GSTAR model for time-correlated errors. In our study, the parameter index, usually for a concrete time, is applied to the relative time in the form of rock layers. This research uses geoelectric resistivity log data at six locations in Pontianak City, namely Untan 1, Untan 2, Untan 3, Jl. Sawo, Jl KPM Permai, and Gg. Beringin. The GSTAR(1,1) model with time correlation error results in an average RMSE value of 9.51605 Ωm. In addition, we obtain that the most profound peat soil depth is 17.9 m from the surface and is located in the Untan 3.Keywords: GSTAR (1,1); martingale difference; peat soil; resistivity; time-correlated error. AbstrakPenanaman tiang pancang beton pada tanah gambut harus mencapai lapisan batuan/tanah yang cukup keras agar bangunan dapat berdiri kokoh. Lapisan batuan/tanah dapat dipelajari melalui data log resistivitas geolistrik yang memerlukan alat yang mahal dan proses yang rumit untuk mendapatkan datanya. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, dibuatlah model matematika untuk mengeksplorasi formasi geologi menggunakan model ruang-waktu. Salah satu model yang dapat diaplikasikan adalah generalized space-time autoregressive (GSTAR). Pada umumnya, data ini memiliki korelasi antarlapisan batuan. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini dikembangkan model GSTAR untuk galat yang berkorelasi waktu. Indeks parameter yang biasanya menggunakan waktu konkret, pada penelitian ini diterapkan pada waktu relatif berupa lapisan batuan. Model ini disebut GSTAR dengan galat berkorelasi waktu. Data yang digunakan adalah data resistivitas geolistrik pada enam lokasi di Kota Pontianak Indonesia yang dinamakan Untan 1, Untan 2, Untan 3, Jl. Sawo, Jl KPM Permai, dan  Gg. Beringin. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa model GSTAR(1,1) dengan galat berkorelasi waktu berhasil mengestimasi nilai resistivitas geolistrik di keenam lokasi tersebut dengan nilai rata-rata geometri dari RMSE sebesar 9,51605 Ωm. Selain itu, model ini pun berhasil memperkirakan kedalaman tanah gambut terdalam (dari permukaan tanah) yang terletak di lokasi Untan 3 yaitu 17,9 m.Kata Kunci: GSTAR(1,1); pembeda martingale; tanah gambut; resistivitas; galat berkorelasi waktu. 2020MSC: 62P30
Improving Patient Experience Scores Using Simultaneous Interpretation on Family-Centered Rounds
Authors: Kosack Amanda , Carson Savanna L. , Montenegro Eden Y. Bravo , Owen Mary , Dodge Sheridan , Sim Myung , Cagigas Xavier , Ahumada-Mocorro Lorena , Kamzan Audrey , Acuna Hernandez Ernesto , Lopez Gabriela , Guzman Elizabeth , Sanchez Gomez Diana , Islas Zeuz , Walker Valencia P. , Lerner Carlos , Lloyd Jessica
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVES

Patients speaking a primary language other than English face barriers to equitable care, particularly patient–provider communications. There is no gold standard for providing inpatient medical interpretation on family-centered rounds (FCR). We aimed to implement simultaneous, in-person interpretation of FCR for Spanish-speaking families and hypothesized improved satisfaction in care.

METHODS

In-person, Spanish Equipment-Assisted Simultaneous Medical Interpretation (EASMI) was implemented in March 2018 on FCR. Child Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (Child HCAHPS) experience scores on communication domains were analyzed for Spanish and English-speaking families pre- (n = 118) and postimplementation (n = 552). Postimplementation, we conducted medical team surveys (n = 104) and semistructured interviews with Spanish-speaking families (n = 25) to determine satisfaction with interpretation modalities (phone, video, and EASMI).

RESULTS

Spanish-speaking families exhibited statistically significant improvements in Child HCAHPS top box scores compared to English-speaking families in multiple communication and informed care-related domains. For example, "How often did your child’s doctors explain things to you in a way that was easy to understand?" top box scores improved from 58% to 95% for Spanish-speaking families, compared to 85% to 83% for English speakers, with the differential effect of the intervention showing statistical significance (P = .001). Medical team surveys demonstrated high satisfaction with EASMI. Qualitative themes from interviews and open-ended survey responses emphasized multiple care benefits with EASMI, including a perceived reduction of communication errors and increased family participation.

CONCLUSIONS

EASMI was associated with significant improvements in Child HCAHPS scores in communication domains and increased medical team and family members’ satisfaction with interpretation. EASMI presents a novel method for equitable FCR for Spanish-speaking families.
National Trends in Pediatric Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery: 2010–2017
Authors: Steinberger Allie E. , Nickel Katelin B. , Keller Matthew , Wallendorf Michael , Sprague Jennifer , Nicol Ginger E. , Dimou Francesca M. , Eagon J. Christopher , Eckhouse Shaina R. , Shakhsheer Baddr A.
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND

The childhood obesity epidemic has grown exponentially and is known to disproportionately affect minority groups. Successful treatment of this complex health issue requires a multidisciplinary approach including metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) for qualifying pediatric patients. This study examines current national trends in pediatric bariatric surgery from 2010 to 2017 using the National Inpatient Sample.

METHODS

This study analyzed MBS among pediatric patients <19 years old using weighted discharge data from 2010 to 2017. The primary outcome was national procedure rates. Secondary analyses included procedure type, demographics, BMI, comorbidities, length of stay, and complication rates.

RESULTS

From 2010 to 2017, annual bariatric procedure rates increased from 2.29 to 4.62 per 100 000 (P < .001). Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy outpaced Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and laparoscopic adjustable gastric band over time (0.31–3.99 per 100 000, P < .0001). The mean age was stable over time 18.10–17.96 (P = .78). The cohort was primarily female (76.5% to 75.4%), white (54.0% to 45.0%), and privately-insured (59.9% to 53.4%). Preoperative BMI increased from 2010 to 2017 (P < .001), whereas number of obesity-related comorbidities was stable (P > .05). Length of stay was <2 days (2.02–1.75, P = .04) and in-hospital complication rates were low (7.2% to 6.45%, P = .88).

CONCLUSIONS

Pediatric MBS is underutilized nationally with disproportionately lower rates among minority groups. Despite incremental progress, further investigation into the racial and social determinants that limit access to pediatric weight loss surgery is critical.
Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis Gn., Lepidoptera: Crambidae): Attraction to a bisexual lure and comparison of performance with synthetic sex pheromone
Authors: Frolov Andrei , Shchenikova Anna , Selitskaya Oksana , Grushevaya Inna , Zhukovskaya Marianna , Fedoseev Nazar , Kuzmin Alexander , Lastushkina Elena , Kurenshchikov Dmitry , Kurenshchikov Valery , Tóth Miklós
Published: November 2022

Host plant-derived semiochemicals are becoming the most promising attractants to lure corn borers to traps in the field. Following success with the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis), a two-component blend bisexual lure (phenylacetaldehyde and 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethanol) of the host plant odor was tested in wind tunnel and field trapping experiments on the Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) (ACB). To be able to compare the lure's performance with synthetic pheromone, a new route for the sex pheromone components (Z)-12-tetradecenyl acetate and (E)-12-tetradecenyl acetate was also developed, and the biological activity of the products was confirmed. The bisexual lure attracted both males and females of ACB in laboratory wind tunnel, and also in the field. Field trapping results indicated that traps with the bisexual lure attracted somewhat more ACB (both sexes) than pheromone baited traps, but this indication needs further confirmation. Traps baited with the bisexual lure may offer a new tool for monitoring ACB for practical purposes.
Contributions to the knowledge of the plant-inhabiting mite fauna of Hungary and Austria (Acari: Parasitiformes and Acariformes)
Authors: Ripka Géza , Király Gergely , Kontschán Jenő , Szabó Árpád , Kaźmierski Andrzej
Published: November 2022

Date-locality-host records for 37 mite species of 15 families are presented for Hungary and Austria. These results include the first record of eight species for Hungary, viz. Charletonia krendowskyi (Feider, 1954), Marantelophus rudaensis (Haitlinger, 1986), Cunaxa gazella (Berlese, 1916), Eupalopsellus oelandicus Sellnick, 1949, Tydeus lindquisti (Marshall, 1970), Neoseiulus dungeri (Karg, 1977), Neoseiulus tauricus (Livshitz et Kuznetzov, 1972) and Proctolaelaps drosophilae Karg, Baker et Jenkinson, 1995. Observations on habitat preferences, plant associations, co-occurrences and feeding behaviour are also provided.