bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The price of development: The importance of preserving local agricultural lands
Authors: Foss A. Rachelle
Published: September 2019

Regardless of the fact that we have long been warned of the negative impact of industrial farming, rural communities are being wiped out as local producers, like Riverbend Gardens, are put at risk in favour of urban expansion. The industrial food production industry is unsustainable, leading to increased energy consumption and food costs because of the gross use of energy to transport food hundreds kilometres from where it is produced. Toxic chemicals used to combat swarms of pests that are nurtured by acres of single crop farming have lead to the increase of these substances in our environment. The growing disconnection between ourselves and how our food is produced, fostered by diminishing farm communities, allows us to continue as we always have, until our current system collapses. This will have a deleterious effect on our health and our environment. Many of the answers to the problems we face in our food production industry lies in support for our small, local food producers. Located within Edmonton city limits, sustainable, family run, Riverbend Gardens, is at risk of being wiped out if government and consumers do not recognize the importance of small producers and their part in solving the food industry’s failures.
Rachel Carson
Authors: Doell Dawn
Published: September 2019

It is rare for the intrinsic power of distilled prose to span across generations, shaping politics, policy, and perception. Blending conservation ethics, meticulous research and political knowledge into an easily readable prose, Rachel Louise Carson left a legacy through the written word. Criticized for being a single woman in a male-centric field, she established her individuality, her free spirit, and her amazing dedication to her ethics. Carson’s contribution to science lies within her meticulous attention to scientific detail and her ability to communicate complex scientific theories to the general public. Carson portrayed peremptory evidence of the devastating effects of synthetic chemicals and nuclear testing, while simultaneously communicating the role of ecology and environmental change to the general public. Carson challenged agricultural scientists, chemical companies, and the government for their misuse of chemical agents, and their misguided notions of trying to dominate nature. Technology and scientific testing was severely limited and yet Carson was able to draw sound scientific proof of the devastating lasting effects of the human-made chemicals she dubbed “elixirs of death.” Rachel Carson left a legacy through her chosen medium, the written word; inspiring generations of scientific writers to distill complex scientific processes into creative prose to inspire the general public to consider their own role within the environment.
Rachel Carson: Humanizing Nature
Authors: Stewart Mikayla Grace
Published: September 2019

Rachel Carson was instrumental in changing the way the world viewed conservation. Her initial written works demonstrated the idea that humans were not the center of the earth’s ecosystems by describing the environment from the viewpoint of non-human creatures (Cafaro, 2011, para. 45-48). Carson’s most eminent publication, Silent Spring, was released at the beginning of the 1960s (Cafaro, 2011, para. 25). The book advocated Carson’s concept of enlightened anthropocentrism through the insistence that new scientific innovations should be questioned as to why, whether, and for what purpose they are put into practice (Walker & Walsh, 2012, p.19). Another issue sparked by Silent Spring regarded whether humans should alter nature for our purposes or attempt to leave it unchanged (Cafaro, 2011, para. 67). Silent Spring helped to spark a national debate about scientific responsibility, limitations on advances in technology, and chemical pesticides in general (Lear, 2013, p. 1). The fact that her arguments stimulated such intense discussion is a testimony to how influential she truly was. Furthermore, Silent Spring led to the banning of dichlorodiphenyltricholoroethane (DDT) production by 1972, along with the implementation of government regulations to safeguard the environment (Hecht, 2012, p. 154; Lear, 2013, p. 1). Carson also made individuals realize that what they put into the environment must be regulated in order to keep the effects from haunting them for generations to come. This undeniable truth continues to resonate today.
Opportunities and Challenges of Allocation of Alternative Energy Resources in Japan
Authors: Snyder Karin
Published: September 2019

In the case of Japan, which lacks any significant fossil fuel reserves (Gasparatos & Gadda, 2009, pp. 4038-4048) some alternative forms of energy production have been implemented. Japan has implemented alternative energy options such as nuclear power, photovoltaic power, hydroelectric power, and other various energy alternatives and renewable resources. These alternatives have the potential to lessen climate change. Japan is becoming an example of the economic and environmental outcomes associated with alternative energy sources. Following the Fukushima disaster, the Japanese government addressed the possibility of removing nuclear power from the energy mix entirely by 2040 (Hong et al., 2013, pp. 418-424). In May of 2012, a governmental advisory board announced its plans to replace nuclear power with a combination of renewable sources and imported fossil fuels by 2030 (Hong et al., pp. 2013, 418-424).  Japan intends to supply ten percent of the country’s primary energy using renewable resources by 2020, under the Strategic Energy Plan of Japan (Japan Energy Report, 2013, pp. 1-31). As reported by the Japan Forum on International Relations in 2006, increased energy demands in Asia, accompanied with pressure to reduce carbon emissions, has created uncertainty surrounding Japan’s energy security since it has a large reliance on imported fossil fuels (Nasu & Faunce, 2013, pp. 68-74). The major goals of energy policy in Japan are energy security, economic development and environmental sustainability. To reach these goals, feed-in tariffs were approved by the Japanese government in the summer of 2012, in order to incentivize the use of renewable resources, especially photovoltaic power, and accelerate investment in renewable energy technologies (Frishberg, 2013, pp. 5-6). Since implementing these tariffs, Japan’s supply of solar generated power has grown by forty percent (Frishberg, 2013, pp. 5-6). There are many criteria that need to be met for efficient and useable sustainable energy technologies, such as accessibility to remote locales, user friendliness, adaptability to local conditions, efficiency and reliability (Balachandra et al., 2010, pp. 1842-1851). This criterion can be difficult to attain for large, growing populations.
The Classic Maya Collapse: The Importance of Ecological Prosperity
Authors: Armstrong Katrina
Published: September 2019

The relationship between humans and their environment is a heavily debated, multi-disciplinary discussion that has raised awareness about urgent issues, such as climate change. Earth’s booming population encourages globalization, greed, and over-consumption and has changed the basic composition of the planet, causing humans to continually possess a distorted view of their relationship to nature. This idea can be applied to the Classic Maya, as their success as a thriving civilization rested on their access to the resources around them. Around 900 CE, many of the heavily populated Maya cities were abandoned suddenly and the reason for this collapse is still heavily disputed to this day. The theory that has gained the most momentum in this debate is the drought theory. The Maya suffered a series of droughts during the Classic Maya era and the most significant was a megadrought that lasted from 800CE to 1000 CE. This particular drought had a catastrophic impact on the political stability, economic success, and societal prosperity of many of the great Maya cities. Through lake core sediment analysis, Curtis, Hodell, and Brenner observed that drought periods coincided with periods of Maya recession; a drought period at 862 ± 50 cal, yr. corresponded with the Classic Maya collapse and a drought period at 585 CE occurred during the Maya Hiatus. Both of these drought periods were times of monument decline, city abandonment, and social cataclysm (Curtis, 1996, p. 45). The megadrought that the Maya were faced with produced complete social upheaval, resulting in their eventual fall. As with any diminishing civilization, all aspects of society were under threat; the political nature of many Maya cities was ominous, economic stability disintegrated, health, happiness, and personal faith were dejected, and social contentment vanished completely. The megadrought and its fatal impact had been the driving force behind the Classic Maya collapse.
Breaking the Cycle: Changing Alberta in the Present to Save the Future
Authors: Foss A. Rachelle
Published: September 2019

Alberta’s resource power lies within the energy sector; in particular, the oil and gas industry. However, this same energy sector is contributing heavily to the destruction of the landscape and is contaminating the environment. This destructive pattern may seem unrelated to the province’s economy, but a closer look shows that they are, in fact, closely connected. This is largely due to a failure by both the industry and political leaders to have a vision for the economic future. Although oil and gas royalties, paid to the province for the right to use crown land for capital gain, provide considerable financing to support Alberta’s infrastructure, redirecting a large portion of those royalties back into the energy sector has contributed to the provincial budget surplus plummeting into a budget deficit. Couple this with a consistent failure to impose environmental accountability on heavily polluting energy companies and limited support for sustainable energy practices and innovations. Continuing on this path is a short sighted plan that puts both the Alberta and Canadian economies at risk as they fail to diversify and move forward with the rest of the world as it makes changes toward reducing emissions and increasingly supports ecological practices. Instead, Alberta must shift their focus away from the tradition of investing in the oil industry and, as many other regions worldwide have done, invest in renewable resources, sustainable practices, and increase support for local energy innovations to ensure the province’s energy sector, environment, and economy move towards a strong future.
Cost of Sustainable Development
Authors: Calverley Kolbie
Published: September 2019

To be included at a later date
Discovering the Future Canadians Want: Insights from the We Canada Cross-Country Tour
Authors: Nasteska and V. Wee A.
Published: September 2019

In 1972, the first United Nations Conference on Human Environment (UNCED) was held in Stockholm, Sweden. At the conference, government officials from industrialized and developing nations met alongside civil society organizations to create the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). “This conference put environmental issues on the international agenda for the first time, and marked a turning point in the development of international environmental politics. It has also been recognized as the beginning of modern political and public awareness of global environmental issues” (Baylis & Smith, 2005, pp. 454-455). Twenty years later, the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), also known as the Rio Earth Summit, was held in Rio de Janeiro. One hundred and seventy two government officials participated, of which 108 were heads of state (United Nations, 1992, United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, para. 1). This conference was one of the largest gatherings of heads of state, civil society organizations, and individuals in human history to date. Stakeholders met with the purpose of charting a course for a more sustainable future. From the conference emerged agreements, most notably Agenda 21, which created a framework for developing global, national, and regional plans for sustainability. The Rio Earth Summit has since stood as an example of what is possible when governments and citizens work together. The outcomes of this conference still affect human lives today, mainly through the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change meetings, which led to the Kyoto Protocol, the only legally binding agreement to cut down carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. The United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, also known as Earth Summit 2012 or Rio+20, is regarded as one of the most crucial events in United Nations history and has been referred to by the Secretary General of the United Nations (2011), Ban Ki-moon, as “the most important global meeting on sustainable development in our time" (The Future We Want, p 2).
Composing a Better World
Authors: Church Andrea
Published: September 2019

This article is a study of the musical composition, We Arrived Safely Because We Sailed Too Close to Shore, by Ryan Sims. Some of the research techniques are discussed, as well as the inspiration for the piece, the tools he used, and the technical details of production. Ryan did not learn to read music until he attended Grant MacEwan University’s music program – a year is a short time to transition from learning how to read and write music to being able to compose a multi-instrument piece. He was inspired by a journey and felt that it reflected his own life’s path. Ryan’s piece is only the beginning for his career. He finds inspiration in everything and brings that talent to his work.
Getting Back to the Garden: Reflections on Gendered Behaviours in Home Gardening
Authors: Zypchyn Karen
Published: September 2019

There is growing interest amongst scholars in people’s gardening behaviours related to food production. This development coincides with society’s increased interest in consuming and producing food in sustainable ways. Local food movements, which include urban agriculture and home gardening, have increased in popularity in several countries, especially during the last decade. Academics from a variety of disciplines have been starting to ask questions: Why are people gardening? How is gardening associated with one’s identity? What motivates people to adopt environmental gardening practices? Some researchers suggest that gardening research could benefit from gender analysis. This paper examines some of the literature in this growing field of inquiry and finds current gardening research often lacks critical gender analysis, thus failing to problematize gardening behaviours and attitudes. It maintains that this development is curious in light of compelling evidence that shows differences in the gardening behaviours of men and women. It proposes that along with Bhatti’s and Church’s theory of gardening spaces as mirrors for changing gender relations, Allen’s and Sachs’s feminist theoretical approach to explore the sociocultural domain of women’s relationship to food could be used to conduct gendered gardening research related to food. This discussion concludes that gender analysis is critical to exploring gardening as a research topic and that understanding women’s role in gardening for food production will be especially critical in future research as climate change impacts necessitate different food production and consumption behaviours.
Communication Breakdown: The Media Effects on Ecuador's Environment
Authors: Da Silva Sean
Published: September 2019

Environmental communication is an essential part of any society; it informs the population of new occurrences and happenings nearby, and around the globe. As technology evolves, so do the methods in which humans communicate and comprehend. The ways environmental issues are presented to and perceived by the public have increasingly influenced their decision making and continue to affect the way people live their lives. But what role do media outlets play in the environmental awareness of their audience? This research study demonstrates the importance of environmental communication in Ecuador and the various ways in which it can be distorted or controlled. It is critical that individuals are aware of their country’s actions and reactions to the environment, as well as their own personal footprints within it. Researching the media in Ecuador, alongside the population’s reaction to it, shows how important media is to the environmental awareness of its citizens, as well as their attitude towards conservation.
The Harmony of Nature
Authors: Delay and J. West K.
Published: September 2019

This article is an exploration of the award-winning piece Earth’s Lonely Heart composed by Jeremy West. More specifically, a description of his influences, beliefs, and techniques, combined with his passion for the environment, his technical expertise, and his musical talents are presented. It was only after joining MacEwan’s music program that Jeremy realized his passion for composition and became more than simply a drummer. His inspiration for the piece was humanity’s symbiotic relationship with the Earth and how we as humans treat the Earth.
One World, One Ocean, One Mission
Authors: Anderson Tracey L.
Published: September 2019

MacGillivray Freeman Films was founded over forty years ago by Greg MacGillivray and the late Jim Freeman. In 2011, the company launched “the world’s largest ocean media campaign, a 10-year global initiative called One World One Ocean” (MacGillivray Freeman Films, 2010, Our History, para. 10), an awareness and change campaign focusing on saving the world’s oceans. The mission of One World One Ocean (OWOO) is to use “the power of film, television, new media and education initiatives… to change the way people see and value the ocean — and motivate action to restore it” (OWOO, 2012, Mission, para. 4). One World One Ocean’s science advisors, including principal advisor Dr. Sylvia Earle, believe that “the ocean is at a tipping point…. our actions over the next 10 years will determine the state of the ocean for the next 10,000 years” (OWOO, 2013, Why the Ocean?, para. 3). The media types used in the organization’s campaign were chosen because MacGillivray Freeman Films wants to develop and expand on its film-industry successes. This article outlines the history of One World One Ocean and explores its mission, its history, its scientific basis, its current projects and initiatives, its successes to date, and its future goals. It explains why these media platforms were chosen to support the organization’s mission and explores the vital questions of why it is important for all of us that we save the world’s oceans and how this mammoth task can be tackled before it is too late. The purposes of this article are to inform readers about One World One Ocean and to inspire them to consider ways they can work to achieve the organization’s crucial goals.
Selling Ourselves Short: A Discussion of Water-Markets in Alberta
Authors: Pluim Derek Neil
Published: September 2019

The issue of water management has become one of increasing importance. Any new policy regarding resource management must balance the needs of the environment, the municipalities, and industry. In an effort to reconcile these needs this report will review the best-practices of water policy. Specifically, the reason for undertaking this report is to research policy options available to the Alberta government to provide a framework for improving the Water for Life strategy. One generalization that can be made across the spectrum of privatization models is that whenever a resource is labelled a commodity, the objective to sell it for a profit invariably undermines the aquatic ecology at the source. The report identifies a common practice where industrial entities pay for water on a sliding scale, (if they are made to pay anything at all) with bulk water purchases becoming cheaper as more water is consumed. By applying a conservation-orientated system to industrial users, the minimum amount of water is available, but heavy fees are to be assigned for exceeding the allotment. An industrial system resembling the conservation-orientated approach could also add an extra incentive to recycle water used for industrial purposes. A policy of conservation-orientated charging applied to both municipalities and industry offers the best aspects of water leases and conservation enforcement. Ultimately, the research finds that private ownership of water offers more detrimental than beneficial for the people of Alberta.
Applying the centrifugal organizational model for pastoralists and other competing communities on the Ethiopian landscape and the shift to agriculture after 1975
Authors: Noe EliSabeth
Published: September 2019

For the past four decades pastoralist activities have been pushed to marginal areas in several regions of Ethiopia. This change was initiated by The Agrarian Land Reform Proclamation of 1974. Pastoralist activities prior to the agrarian reforms was strongly connected to the Earth and developed symbiotically. A connection to the Earth through symbiotic relationships has been shown to foster sustainability. There are a few goals of this paper: 1. to apply the centrifugal organizational model, originally synthesized in the field of plant community ecology, to the changing environment and pastoralism in Ethiopia, 2. to demonstrate a shift from periphery habitat to the core habitat with respect to land use since the agrarian reform in 1974, 3. to demonstrate a loss of connectedness with the Earth in regions of Ethiopia.
The Technological Abyss: Heideggerian Ontology and Climate Change
Authors: Mazo Aaron
Published: September 2019

Whenever a decision is made in a social, political, or economic context, it is implicitly grounded in

an ethical outlook. But where do these outlooks come from? To investigate this query, I examine

the basis for ethical decisions regarding technology, focusing specifically on geoengineering

responses to climate change. Subsequently, I argue that ethical considerations concerning climate

change, and their corresponding practical decisions, cannot be reliably made without sufficient

intelligibility regarding the objects and entities these decisions pertain to. To achieve this, I employ

a Heideggerian phenomenological framework through which being affords intelligibility. Doing so

elucidates fundamental inconsistencies in the way humans interact with technology. We are caught

up in what Heidegger calls enframing, the representation of beings as energy reserves. This is the

ground on which our ethical claims are based, but representation cannot afford actuality. When

things are represented in this way, truth is set aside in favour of will, and intelligibility is lost. The

goal, then—if we wish our ethical decisions to be legitimate—must be to gain intelligibility. We

must therefore free ourselves from enframing and look toward being. We cannot, as Heidegger

says, affect enframing’s removal, but we can prepare ourselves for such a change. Only once this

change occurs, can our relationship to technology be intelligible.
Dr. Manhattan's Voice
Authors: Zittlaw Jim
Published: September 2019

In this paper, the author analyzes the style of Dr. Manhattan's narrating voice in the "Watchmaker" chapter of Alan Moore's and Dave Gibbons's Watchmen. The use of verbs, phrases, sentence structure, and formatting is examined and found to communicate effectively Dr. Manhattan's unique worldview.
Twerking and Cultural Appropriation: Miley Cyrus' Display of Racial Ignorance
Authors: Zink Shereen
Published: September 2019

Miley Cyrus’ recent habit of twerking has sparked debate over whether the pop star is misappropriating African American culture; some even going so far as to accuse her of racism. This paper reviews the literature that exists in the public sphere on the topic, and delves into a scholarly analysis of Cyrus’ actions, statements, and the implications they have. My own post-analysis interpretation of the issue is addressed in the concluding paragraphs. Ultimately, twerking’s political context, and Cyrus’ lack of regard for said context, suggest that she is perpetuating harmful stereotypes about black women while her own white privilege allows her to maintain her integrity. Cyrus may not be intentionally exploiting black culture, but she is certainly communicating more than she may have bargained for.
Pastel
Authors: Klein Miranda
Published: September 2019

Oil pastel and pencil crayon rendering of manipulated color patterns formed by crstals.  Explores the color complexity of the patterns and the relaionships the colors create when placed next to each other.
Dirty Words: Discursive Generativity & Social Stigmata, Murder & Capital
Authors: Selsky Dave
Published: September 2019

A structural analysis of the discursive approach in Kevin Dutton's book, The Wisdom of Psychopaths, with Žižek's concept of violence, questioning the validity of Dutton's thesis.
Stereotypes About Men and Masculinity in Cosmopolitan Magazine: A Content Analysis of the “Ask Him Anything” Advice Column
Authors: Vaillancourt Celine Isabelle
Published: September 2019

This qualitative study explored the culture of male stereotypes in selected articles of Cosmopolitan magazine. A content analysis was conducted on the “Ask Him Anything: Love Advice From Our Guy Guru: Ky Henderson” column, which appears monthly in Cosmopolitan magazine, from January to December 2013. Twelve articles with seventy questions and answers were analyzed to find implicit and explicit statements about men and masculinity. Fifty-one statements were examined for themes, and four prominent themes emerged: (1) Men and their attitudes and behaviours towards women, (2) Sex – General attitudes and specific actions, (3) Jobs and finances, and (4) Comparisons between younger and older men. The theme of men and their attitudes and behaviors towards women held the most statements, suggesting that the readership of this magazine is expected to focus on men’s behaviours and attitudes towards them, which may put pressure on the readers to cater to these stereotyped attitudes and behaviours. Catering to presumed stereotypical attitudes and behaviours may create or reinforce unequal power structures and put strains on romantic relationships between men and women. Findings demonstrated that stereotyped statements about men and masculinity were contained within Cosmopolitan magazine. Furthermore, certain masculine traits were described as innate or biologically inherent, revealing a prevailing thought that these stereotypical traits are unchangeable in nature.
Depictions of Women in Victorian Literature: Precursors of Social Change or Stereotypical
Authors: Hermary Dorothy Irene
Published: September 2019

England’s Victorian Age was pregnant with the seeds of social change, inter-sown with the nutrients of personal and national introspection. Within this upheaval, Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre and Charles Dicken’s Hard Times expose concerns about the position and value of Victorian females. This stereotypical portrayal of their characters can be transplanted to the current, twenty-first century struggle with gender equality. Exploration of our past can light our present as well as illuminate our gendered/non-gendered future.
Divisions in Treaty 6 Perspectives: the dilemma of written text and oral tradition
Authors: Wing Miriam Lily
Published: September 2019

Since the signing of Treaty 6 in 1876, there has been ongoing controversy between the First Nations and the Canadian government regarding the understanding and fulfillment of the treaty terms. Through investigating both historical texts and oral tradition, this article hopes to give insight on the modern dilemma of treaty rights in the specific case of Treaty 6. In order for the most accurate understanding of Treaty 6 to be obtained, First Nations oral tradition and perspectives must be considered as valid evidence.
Breathing easy in an oligoxic world: Vampyroteuthis infernalis (Phy. Mollusca, Cl. Cephalopoda) adaptations to the oxygen minimum zone
Authors: Steckler Deanna
Published: September 2019

This review explores the existing literature on the Vampire Squid from Hell, Vampyroteuthis infernalis (Phylum Mollusca, Class Cephalopoda, Order Vampyromorpha). They are largely unstudied deep water cephalopods found in the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) throughout the world’s temperate and tropical oceans. Their unique morphology and genetic ambiguity has contributed to scientific debate regarding their phylogenetic relationships, to which there is still no definitive answer. Vampyroteuthis are so well adapted to life in the OMZ that foraging, locomotion and antipredator behaviours are entirely unique among cephalopods and perfectly well-adapted to the oxygen-starved environment. Despite a lack of direct research, inferences are made to determine the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on the vampire squid.
A Polemic Against Those Who Assert World-Bound Individuals in Leibniz’s Philosophy
Authors: Smith Joshua Henry
Published: September 2019

A Polemic Against Those Who Assert World-Bound Individuals in Leibniz’s Philosophy
Enhancing the Teaching and Learning of College Algebra with ColAlgMap
Authors: Luu Phong , Kieu Thinh
Published: September 2019

Teaching and learning lower level mathematics courses on the college level can be challenging and overwhelming. This paper will demonstrate how to design and develop a maplet package to aid in the teaching and learning of mathematics, to serve as a private tutor with infinite patience for college algebra students, and as a useful pedagogical tool for instructors. By using interactive worksheets and animated graphics in maplets, students will find the opportunity for numerous experiments that will foster their development of mathematical conceptual understanding and of computational skills.
The current state of immunotherapy for gliomas: an eye toward the future
Authors: Fecci Peter E. , Sampson John H.
Published: September 2019

The last decade has seen a crescendo of FDA approvals for immunotherapies against solid tumors, yet glioblastoma remains a prominent holdout. Despite more than 4 decades of work with a wide range of immunotherapeutic modalities targeting glioblastoma, efficacy has been challenging to obtain. Earlier forms of immune-based platforms have now given way to more current approaches, including chimeric antigen receptor T-cells, personalized neoantigen vaccines, oncolytic viruses, and checkpoint blockade. The recent experiences with each, as well as the latest developments and anticipated challenges, are reviewed.
Recent advances in the management of cervical spondylotic myelopathy: bibliometric analysis and surgical perspectives
Authors: Chen Yu-Chun , Kuo Chao-Hung , Cheng Chieh-Ming , Wu Jau-Ching
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) has become a prevalent cause of spinal cord dysfunction among the aging population worldwide. Although great strides have been made in spine surgery in past decades, the optimal timing and surgical strategy to treat CSM have remained controversial. In this article the authors aimed to analyze the current trends in studies of CSM and to summarize the recent advances of surgical techniques in its treatment.

METHODS

The PubMed database was searched using the keywords pertaining to CSM in human studies that were published between 1975 and 2018. Analyses of both the bibliometrics and contents, including the types of papers, authors, affiliations and countries, number of patients, and the surgical approaches were conducted. A systematic review of the literature was also performed with emphasis on the diagnosis and treatment of mild CSM.

RESULTS

A total of 1008 papers published during the span of 44 years were analyzed. These CSM studies mainly focused on the natural history, diagnosis, and treatment, and only a few prospective randomized trials were reported. For the authors and affiliations, there was a shift of clustering of papers toward Asian countries in the past decades. Regarding the treatment for CSM, there was an exponential growth of surgical series published, and there was a trend toward slightly more anterior than posterior approaches through the past decade. Patients with CSM had increased risks of neurological deterioration or spinal cord injury with nonoperative management. Because surgery might reduce the risks, and early surgery was likely to be correlated with better outcomes, there was a trend toward attention to mildly symptomatic CSM.

CONCLUSIONS

There is emerging enthusiasm for research on CSM worldwide, with more publications originating in Asian countries over the past few decades. The surgical management of CSM is evolving continuously toward early and anterior approaches. More prospective investigations on the optimal timing and choices of surgery are therefore needed.
Dynamics of the number and nature management territory of Uilta (Oroks) of Sakhalin in the 19—21 centuries
Authors: Podmaskin V. V.
Published: September 2019

Based on the generalization of information from Sakhalin researchers (ethnographers, historians, travelers, doctors) and the results of population censuses, the dynamics of the nature management area and the number of Uilta (Oroks) minority ethnic group of Sakhalin is examied. It is revealed that long-term living in the conditions of the island led to a number of original features of the traditional Uilta culture and successful adaptation to the ecological situation of Sakhalin. A gradual decrease in the number of Uilta and a reduction in the territory of resettlement is stated. It is shown that during the observed period, the nature management conditions of the Uilta on Sakhalin worsened, since the territory of resettlement and the number of population significantly decreased. Russian-Japanese territorial divisions of Sakhalin at the first part of the 20 century caused the formation of two isolated local Uilta groups. The small number of Uilta, significant changes in the settlement system and traditional nature management do not create the prospects for the existence and development of this ethnic group.
Geophysical paradigm of landscape: postulates and concepts
Authors: Sysuev V. V.
Published: September 2019

Potential of advance in landscape science is associated with the synthesis of physical-mathematical, geophysical and empirical scientific directions on the basis of GIS technology. This stage is characterized as a geophysical paradigm of landscape science, a feature of which is a new understanding of the physical fundamentals, the need to consider landscapes as dynamic systems. Empirical theoretical concepts of physical geography enable us to apply physical laws to describe landscape structure and functioning. Land structures are described using independent morphometric parameters of geophysical force fields (gravity and insolation), which can be viewed as state parameters of geosystems. The modeling of landscape functioning in terms of continuum mechanics is closely related to the structure of landscapes through boundary conditions and distributed parameters of transfer processes. Verification and development of models requires the use of a complex of geophysical methods. Creating models in accordance with the principles of the irreversible thermodynamics is complete representation of the genesis of natural processes. The dualism and strong non-linearity necessitates the stochastic analysis of geosystems, including using the fractal methods.
MANAJEMEN PEMBINAAN KEDISIPLINAN SISWA: STUDI KASUS PADA ABSENSI FINGERPRINT BERBASIS SMS GATEWAY DI SMK NU KAPLONGAN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Apriyanto Ade
Published: September 2019

The purposes of this research are to know the management of students’ discipline development trough fingerprint attendance system based on SMS gateway in SMK NU Kaplongan, and to determine the effectiveness of the students’ discipline development management through fingerprint attendance system based on SMS gateway SMK NU Kaplongan, and to determine the implications of the students’ discipline  development through fingerprint attendance based on SMS gateway about increasing students discipline in SMK NU Kaplongan. The method of research which is used is a qualitative method. The techniques of accumulation data are observation participant, in-depth interviews, documentation, and triangulation. The results of this research are firstly the discipline of student can be materialized trough applying the rules. Applying fingerprint attendance system through some steps, they are fingerprint identification and matched with student ID numbers and also their parent phone numbers. The students do it, and the data will be sent to the school computer, it will be processed and sent to the central server. Finally, the data will be sent to the head master, teachers, and their parents.
PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DAN STATUS GIZI SERTA HUBUNGANYA TERHADAP KEJADIAN DIARE PADA BALITA DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS JUNTINYUAT
Authors: Rahmawati Ade
Published: September 2019

Diarrhea is an increase in the number of bowel movements (3 times or more) accompanied by changes in the consistency of stool (becoming more watery or runny) within 24 hours.Diarrhea is still a global problem and many are infected in developing countries with poor environmental sanitation conditions, insufficient water supply, poverty, and low education.The incidence of diarrhea varies in each region in each region, season, and endemic periods.The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and nutritional status with the incidence of diarrhea in infants in the work area of ​​Juntinyuat Health Center. This type of research was observational analytic using a cross sectional study design. The population in this study was all toddlers aged 12-59 months who were in the working area of ​​the Juntinyuat Health Center as many as 270 toddlers who had cards to health. The sample in this study was toddlers aged 12-59 months who were selected as samples in the working area of ​​Juntinyuat Health Center as many as 69 children. How to take samples with Simple Random Sampling. Based on the results of statistical tests obtained the value of bivariate analysis, namely exclusive breastfeeding (p value = 0.001) and nutritional status (p value = 0.002) related to the incidence of diarrhea in infants in the work area of ​​Juntinyuat Health Center.It is expected that mothers who have toddlers should always give exclusively and maintain the nutritional status of children to prevent the occurrence of diarrheal diseases.
PENGGUNAAN ALAT PERAGA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM (IPA) SEKOLAH DASAR MATERI WUJUD ZAT PADAT DAN SIFTANYA
Authors: Erlangga Kurniawan Gita
Published: September 2019

This study describes the understanding of students in science learning about the form of objects and their properties using teaching aids. Subjects In this study were fourth grade students of SDN 2 Klayan Cirebon Regency which amounted to 47 students with details of the number of male students 27 and female 20. The research method used was classroom action research. The stages of the study consisted of (1) preparing a plan of action (planning), (2) implementing an action (acting), (3) observing (observing), and reflecting (reflecting). The results of the study showed that at the beginning of learning (prasiklus) only 17 students (36%) graduated and increased in the first cycle to 37 students (79%). While students who did not pass or get scores below the KKM in the pre cycle there were 30 (64%) students in the first cycle to 10 students (21%). The acquisition of the average value has increased, namely the average of 81 students in the first cycle and an increase of 23.44 from the initial data of students which is only 67.56. In the second cycle the average score of 92 students increased from the first cycle of only 81. In addition, the percentage of students who graduated experienced an increase from the first cycle of students who graduated 37 students (69%) in the second cycle 44 students (94%) graduated because there are only 3 students (6%) who have not graduated.

 

Keywords: , ,
PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI DAN METODE EKSPERIMEN TERBIMBING SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF SISWA
Authors: Nathalia Wea Kristiana
Published: September 2019

This study aims to determine the effect and increase of cognitive learning outcomes of students using inquiry learning models with guided experimental learning methods on the subject of Newton's Law class X Santa Maria High School Yogyakarta. The research subjects of this study were class XB students and XE Santa Maria High School Yogyakarta. The total number of research subjects was 48 students. Class XB as the control class while the XE class as the experimental class. This research is an experimental research. The data used were the pretest scores of the experimental class students and the pretest scores of the control class students. This test was conducted using SSPS with a significant level of 0.05. The results of this study showed that there was no significant influence and improvement in cognitive learning outcomes between the experimental class and the control class. This is because students are not used to using inquiry learning models with guided experimental methods, so students are still hesitant to draw conclusions from the search
Pengaruh Kedisiplinan Dan Komunikasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Sinambela Ella Anastasya , Al Hakim Yusuf Rahman , Irfan Moch.
Published: September 2019

Every company should try to develop the quality of human resources as the basic foundation for running the company's processes. In fact, only companies that pay attention to the quality of human resources can continue to survive business competition. The quality of human resources in the company is monitored through its behavior and job performance. One way to control employee behavior is through disciplinary programs. Besides that, it is also necessary to create a conducive working environment through good working communication among members of the organization. This study aims to analyze and discuss the effects of discipline and communication on job performance. The sampling technique uses non-probability sampling method with total sampling technique. The population in this study is the community, with a total sample of 93 respondents. The analysis tool used is multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS 24.0 for Windows software. The results of the study show that discipline and communication have a significant positive effect on job performance.
Improving of seismic safety of rocky deposits underground mining based on new charges of explosives application
Authors: Lyashenko V. I. , Khomenko O. E. , Kislyi P. A.
Published: September 2019

Improving of seismic safety of rocky deposits underground mining is an important scientific and social task. Among possible methods of its solving, application of new explosive materials occupies an important place. Main scientific and practical results of the study in this area presented. An analysis of previous studies and control observations, instrumental measuring of an explosion seismic action by devices and apparatus accomplished. It was shown, that seismic safety improving and efficiency of explosive work at mines increase reached by intensification of technological processes with application of high productivity selfpropelled and small-size charging machinery of new generation, such as machines of ЗЭВС-1 model and portable chargers of ЗЭП15 model, used for explosion operations mechanization. Application of pouring ecologically clean trotyl-free emulsion explosive materials of “Украинит-ПП-2” (Ukranit-PP-2) type also favors to the improving of seismic safety. Their characteristics and purpose presented, peculiarities of application considered. Analysis of methods and technical means for seismic measurements accomplished. Elaboration of seismic monitoring system with application of state-of-the-art automation systems and electronic seismographs proposed, that will allow decreasing level of seismic action on buildings and constructions in an explosion action zone down to requirements of seismic safety standards.
Transformation of cross cracks of continuously casted billet in rolled product
Authors: Glazunova N. A. , Stefanovich S. V. , Puteev V. S.
Published: September 2019

Increased requirements to the surface quality of hot-rolled products used in automobiles manufacturing and endeavor to decrease t rejections of the metal with surface defects, stipulate the necessity to increase the quality of the initial continuously casted billet (CCB). Cracks, formed in the process of crystallization, which are transformed into surface defects of rolled products during hot deformation are attributed to the surface defects of CCB. Classification of defects presented, reasons of cross cracks on CCB and their locations considered. In the course of the experiment the samples, cut from two CCBs in the place, where cross cracks were visually revealed after shot blasting and hot etching in the 50% solution of chloric acid. The cross cracks on the surface of a sample were revealed in the zone of the big side, and the other – on a rib. The longitudinal polished sections were cut from the place of cross cracks location. At the study of the polished sections multiple cracks were discovered. The width of cracks opening was different – from 0.01 up to 0.3 mm, depth in the section of the study – up to 10 mm. The locations of the cross cracks on the billets were marked by notches from two sides (method of “marked” defects). After that the billets were rolled at a one-stand reversible mill 850 for the diameter of 100 mm. At the visual inspection of the rolled product surface, obtained from the defect CCB, surface defects in the form of discontinuity flaws were discovered. The discontinuity flaws looked as metal ruptures of longitudinal and cross orientation and sometimes having a form of tongue. The degree of defects development depends on the depth and the crack location on the initial CCB. The defects which location corresponds to the CCB side have less opening, and defects which location corresponds to the initial billet rib looked as a rough fissure. Cross samples were cut in the places of defects locations on the surface of rolled product for metal science study. At the cross polished sections the defect cavity have several branches, the cavity walls are twisting, around the cavity branches and next to them, aggregation of small globular oxides and massive decarburization were observed. The defects of rolled products surface were classified as rolled-out cracks (cross orientation). The cracks depth in the section under study was 0.6–3.5 mm. Based on the results of the study the surface defects of rolled products were properly classified and reasons of their arising revealed, that will allow avoiding their formation in the future. Based on the proper classification and avoiding of the surface defects reasons, the rolled products rejects by surface defects will be considerably decreased.