bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DETERIORAÇÃO CLÍNICA DA CRIANÇA ONCOLÓGICA: CONFIABILIDADE DE NOVA FERRAMENTA ADAPTADA DA BRIGHTON PEDIATRIC EARLY WARNING SCORE
Authors: Soares Nataly Tsumura Inocêncio , Soares Marcos Hirata , Pimenta Rosângela Aparecida
Published: December 2024

RESUMO: Objetivo: Mensurar o grau de confiabilidade da construção de novos itens e a adaptação da escala Brighton Pediatric Early Warning Score para crianças oncológicas. Método: Estudo metodológico para análise da equivalência de conteúdo interjuízes quanto à inclusão de itens na escala, para detectar precocemente a deterioração clínica em crianças oncológicas, sendo: sinais de sangramento, alterações na temperatura e presença de mucosite grau III/IV. Para análise, foi utilizado o Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse e Alfa de Cronbach considerando valor ≥0,750. Resultados: Os itens sugeridos para inclusão foram mantidos, com pequenas modificações nas pontuações, conforme sugestões dos juízes. Trinta enfermeiros (86,1%) e seis médicos (13,9%) do Brasil avaliaram a escala, obtendo coeficiente de correlação intraclasse de 0,823. Conclusão: O instrumento se mostrou apto, com relevância teórica e aplicação prática para detectar precocemente a deterioração clínica de crianças oncológicas. Para tanto, contribui para a identificação a tempo oportuno pela equipe, minimizando desfechos desfavoráveis.
OLHARES DA CRIANÇA PARA O TERRITÓRIO: PERSPECTIVAS PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO INFANTIL
Authors: Oliveira Fernanda Anjos de , Palombo Claudia Nery Teixeira , Silva Melissa Almeida , Oliveira Clariana Vitória Ramos de
Published: December 2024

RESUMO: Objetivo: compreender a perspectiva da criança sobre o território em que ela vive. Método: estudo qualitativo realizado em uma universidade pública do nordeste do Brasil, em julho/2023. Entrevistas com 15 crianças de sete a 12 anos foram conduzidas após a autorização dos pais e o consentimento das crianças. Análise de Conteúdo tomou como referencial teórico o modelo das Dimensões de Impacto do Território: Física, Socioeconômica, Serviços, Rede Social e Governança. Resultados: as crianças reconhecem a pobreza (Dimensão Socioeconômica), a violência (Dimensão Rede Social) e a precariedade da estrutura física dos bairros (Dimensão Física). Conviver com vizinhos/amigos (Dimensão Rede Social), a escola (Dimensão Serviços) e os parquinhos (Dimensão Física) amenizam o enfrentamento dos problemas. Elas pedem maior esforço dos governantes para as melhorias no território. Considerações finais: considerar a perspectiva da criança demonstra respeito, e incentiva seu papel ativo no planejamento de ações estratégicas, favorecendo a efetividade das ações de promoção da saúde infantil.
IDENTIFICACIÓN DE LAS BARRERAS DE SEGURIDAD EN LA PREPARACIÓN Y ADMINISTRACIÓN DE MEDICAMENTOS POR PARTE DE LOS PROFESIONALES DE ENFERMERÍA
Authors: Cogo Ana Luísa Petersen , Perdomini Fernanda Rosa Indriunas , Flores Giovana Ely , Severo Isis Marques , Brahm Marise Márcia These , Dias Mirella de Oliveira Tatsch
Published: December 2024

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir el estándar de conformidad profesional sobre el conocimiento de las barreras de seguridad en la preparación y administración de medicamentos. Método: estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo, retrospectivo, realizado entre enero y diciembre de 2021, en un hospital del sur de Brasil, con profesionales de enfermería. El Examen Clínico Objetivo Estructurado se implementó en una estación clínica simulada, mediante la aplicación de una checklist que incluye barreras de seguridad. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo en números absolutos y porcentajes. Resultados: Participaron 1.682 profesionales. Las barreras mencionadas fueron: receta médica electrónica (86,1%), pulsera de identificación del paciente (80,3%), etiquetas de medicamentos completadas antes de la preparación (74,5%) y tabla de dilución de medicamentos (63,9%). El 73,8% de los profesionales obtuvo conforme en el estándar de conformidad sobre el conocimiento de las barreras; el 19% de ellos parcialmente conforme y el 7,1% no conforme. Conclusión: la conformidad de las barreras de seguridad identificadas demostró el conocimiento de los profesionales en la atención.
COGNITIVE AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES FOUND IN POST-COVID-19 SYNDROME IN ELDERLY PEOPLE: INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Rodrigues Ingridy Fátima Alves , Silva Karla Helena Coelho Vilaça e , Stephanus Andrea Dias , Carvalho Luiz Sérgio Fernandes de
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the most frequent cognitive and functional changes in elderly people after the acute phase of COVID-19. Method: Integrative literature review with a search for articles in the LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Scopus databases, between June and July 2024. The selection was conducted independently by two reviewers and validated by a third reviewer. Original primary studies were included that involved participants with a majority or median age over 60 years, with post-COVID-19 cognitive and functional changes. Results: Heterogeneity was observed in the samples, with a wide range of clinical characteristics, the most prevalent being: dyspnea, fatigue, changes in sleep patterns, and cognitive deficit. Conclusion: The results contribute to a better assessment and conduct. They point to the need to create specific care protocols for elderly people with post-COVID-19 syndrome and to develop more appropriate and targeted interventions for the prevention, reduction, or minimization of persistent symptoms.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A PAMPHLETS TO ASSESS, PREVENT, AND TREAT INCONTINENCE-ASSOCIATED DERMATITIS
Authors: Salomé Geraldo Magela , Pereira Jéssica de Aquino
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Develop and validate an educational pamphlet for nurses and caregivers, aiming at the assessment, prevention, and treatment of Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis. METHOD: Methodological study of a descriptive nature. The construction process took place from July to November 2023, following the steps: situational diagnosis, literature review, pamphlet development, and content validation of the pamphlet by a panel of judges (83 nurses). The evaluation was done by calculating the content validity coefficient. RESULTS: The pamphlet addresses the clinical assessment of the genital, perigenital, and perineal areas, as well as hygiene procedures to prevent and treat incontinence-associated dermatitis. The second round of validation obtained a content validity coefficient between 0.84 and 0.91. CONCLUSION: This pamphlet standardizes hygiene care, improves injury monitoring, reduces risks and adverse events, and guides clinical decisions based on evidence, promoting safer and higher-quality nursing.
“Não conheci uma parteira até engravidar”: saúde sexual e reprodutiva de jovens mulheres mapuche, Chile
Authors: Carreño-Calderón Alejandra , Obach Alexandra , Correa-Matus Eliana
Published: December 2024

Resumo Esse trabalho tem como objetivo explorar a prevenção e a promoção da saúde sexual e reprodutiva em jovens mapuche entre 18 e 24 anos, investigando as relações que estabelecem com o sistema de saúde biomédico e os desafios para incluir a interculturalidade nos serviços direcionados a esta população. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de estudo de caso. Foram aplicadas 32 entrevistas em profundidade com jovens mapuche das áreas rurais e urbanas da região de Araucanía, no Chile. É identificada a persistência de uma abordagem de saúde que carece de ferramentas interculturais e de foco nos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos. As jovens relatam a falta de acesso à educação sexual devido ao distanciamento que estabelecem com os serviços biomédicos de atenção primária e às dificuldades de falar sobre sexualidade com os adultos das suas comunidades. Conclui-se que as desigualdades no direito à saúde sexual e reprodutiva dos jovens indígenas, principalmente das mulheres, persistem. É necessário incorporar a abordagem intercultural e de direitos na elaboração de políticas públicas para essa população. Estas intervenções precisam ser elaboradas e implementadas envolvendo a população jovem e os agentes de saúde das suas comunidades de origem.
Two-stage optimization for site selection and resource allocation of metro rescue stations
Authors: Huang Jun , Zhang Tingjie , Zhang Tiantian , Yu Chao , Zou Hao
Published: December 2024

Metro systems serve as the backbone of modern urban transportation, with elevators being critical facilities within metro stations. Considering the problem of elevator emergency rescue in an urban subway, a two-stage optimization model of location selection and resource allocation is proposed. In the first stage, based on the distribution and coverage of metro stations, a minimum site selection model and a maximum coverage model with a fixed number of rescue stations are constructed. Utilizing a mixed-integer programming approach, the optimal layout for rescue stations is determined, ensuring that the minimum number of stations covers all target locations. In the second stage, a resource allocation model is developed that optimizes the distribution of limited resources among rescue stations by balancing utility and cost. To address this non-linear mixed-integer programming problem, the authors conduct a comparative analysis of the efficiency and effectiveness of five heuristic algorithms in resource allocation. The results indicate that particle swarm optimization and tabu search achieve the highest benefits under a concentrated resource allocation strategy, while the genetic algorithm and ant colony optimization perform well in balanced resource distribution. This research provides theoretical support for emergency management in urban metro systems.
Triangles of conflicts and hexamatrix games
Authors: Orlov Andrey V. , Орлов Андрей Васильевич
Published: December 2024

The paper addresses one class of finite non-cooperative games (with finite numbers of strategies for each player) – Polymatrix Games of E.B. Yanovskaya. Namely, we study in detail the 3-players Polymatrix Games, the so-called Hexamatrix Games (HMG), which can be completely described by six matrices. A number of model examples of 3-sides real-life conflicts are presented and formulated as HMG. The possibility of using hexamatrix games to model economic relationships between three participants is demonstrated. To find a Nash Equilibrium in the formulated games, we use an optimization approach, when the problem is transformed into a nonconvex optimization problem with a bilinear structure. The latter is solved by the A.S. Strekalovsky’s Global Search Theory (GST) for (d.c.) optimization problems with objective functions represented as the difference of two convex functions.
About one differential game with payment functions type of Germeier's convolution
Authors: Gorelik Victor A. , Горелик Виктор Александрович , Zolotova Tatiana V. , Золотова Татьяна Валерьяновна
Published: December 2024

The paper considers a differential game model with functionals that are a convolution of the minimum type of two criteria, one of which describes the competition of players in some general (external) sphere of activity, and the other describes the personal achievements of each player (in the internal sphere). The player control is the distribution of resources between the external and internal spheres. It is shown that under some natural assumptions of monotonicity of criteria in such games, Nash and Stackelberg equilibria exist and coincide, possessing the properties of stability and Pareto-optimality. This work is a development of the results for the static model published by the authors in this journal in 2022.
cDNA synthesis v1
Authors: Dusseldorf Igem
Published: December 2024

Protocol for cDNA synthesis from RNA.
spotPCR: A Rapid and Efficient Approach for Indexing Individual Template Molecules using Unique Molecular Identifiers v1
Authors: D Limberis Jason
Published: December 2024

Low-frequency mutations provide valuable insights in various fields, including drug resistance identification, cancer and infectious disease research. One promising strategy to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of mutation detection is the incorporation of unique molecular identifiers (UMIs) during polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and before deep sequencing. However, conventional methods for UMI incorporation often necessitate multiple labor-intensive steps. spotPCR (Specific Primer Limited Unique Molecular Identifier Tagging PCR) overcomes these challenges, streamlining the UMI tagging process.
LDH cytotoxicity assay v1
Authors: White Alexandria
Published: December 2024

This protocol is intended for use with the CytoTox 96‱ Non-Radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay kit from ProMega (Cat #G1780). The CytoTox 96‱ Non-Radioactive Cytotoxicity Assay is a colorimetric alternative to 51Cr release cytotoxicity assays. The CytoTox 96‱ Assay quantitatively measures lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a stable cytosolic enzyme that is released upon cell lysis, in much the same way as 51Cr is released in radioactive assays. The half-life of LDH that has been released from cells into the surrounding medium is approximately 9 hours. Released LDH in culture supernatants is measured with a 30-minute coupled enzymatic assay, which results in the conversion of a tetrazolium salt (iodonitrotetrazolium violet; INT) into a red formazan product. The amount of color formed is proportional to the number of lysed cells. Visible wavelength absorbance data are collected using a standard 96-well plate reader. Methods for measuring LDH using tetrazolium salts in conjunction with diaphorase or alternate electron acceptors have been used for many years (1). Variations on this technology have been reported for measuring natural cytotoxicity and are identical (within experimental error) to values determined in parallel 51Cr release assays (2,3).
A simple validation and screening method for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in mouse embryos to facilitate genetically modified mice production v1
Authors: Winiarczyk Dawid , Khodadadi Hossein , Leszczyński Paweł , Taniguchi Hiroaki
Published: December 2024

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) is a genome engineering method for generating site-specific editing in target genes in a variety of species. It is a common tool for generating mouse models of different diseases. However, detecting target modifications in mouse embryos can be time-consuming and expensive. Accordingly, developing a screening method to confirm gene modification may be useful. We propose herein an evaluation method (cleavage assay – CA) for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing in preimplantation mouse embryos that allows us to detect mutants efficiently and later on initiate in vivo production without the extensive number of samples needing to be sent for Sanger sequencing and animal usage. Our method is based on the inability of the RNP complex to recognize the target sequence after CRISPR-mediated genome editing due to modification of the target locus. It allows us to establish gene edited mice in a user-friendly fashion with a limited number of mice usage by confirming each step of CRISPR-mediated gene editing of mouse embryos and, therefore, can be considered as a supportive tool to existing procedures for verification of successful CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene alterations in mouse embryos and further mutant production.
RT Quantitative PCR, 384 well format v1
Authors: G Tansey Malu
Published: December 2024

Quantitative PCR, 384 well format
STC-1 cell culture v1
Authors: J Hurley Michael
Published: December 2024

Cell culture of STC-1 mouse enteroendocrine cells.
Efficacy of IsaPomDex triplet therapy in double refractory multiple myeloma patients in real clinical practice in Russia
Authors: Solovev M. V. , Solovevа M. V. , Mendeleeva L. P. , Pospelova T. I. , Skvortsova N. V. , Garifullin A. D. , Chuprakova A. S. , Mitina T. A. , Usankin I. S. , Vasileva I. V. , Medvedeva N. V. , Ryabchikova V. V. , Kiseleva M. Ya. , Dudina G. A. , Gammershmidt Yu. S. , Kuznetsova O. S. , Dolgushina Yu. V. , Kuchma G. B. , Tsyganok T. N. , Misyurina E. N. , Zhelnova E. I. , Kopylova A. V. , Zakharova M. N. , Korobkin A. V. , Tumyan G. S. , Semenova A. A. , Kirillova E. G. , Volodicheva E. M. , Bakhtina V. I. , Olkhovik T. I. , Solovkova N. R. , Demchenkova M. V. , Ochirova O. E. , Panteleeva O. L. , Abramova V. S.
Published: December 2024

Background. Data from real-life clinical practice studies provide additional information on the efficacy of new antitumor therapy regimens, including in patients who meet exclusion criteria for clinical trials.

Aim. To evaluate the Isaomex triplet efficacy in multiple myeloma patients in real clinical practice.

Materials and methods. From 2021 to 2024, the retrospective study included 83 double refractory multiple myeloma patients from 26 centers aged 38 to 85 years (median 63), who received the Isaomex triplet. Glomerular filtration rate ˂ 60 mL/min was detected at the time of isatuximabbased triplet initiation in 18 % patients, 2 of whom were on program hemodialysis. The median of previous therapy lines was 2 (1–6). The median time from diagnosis to initiation of isatuximabbased triplet therapy was 47 months (5–203). Survival curves were constructed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica 10 program.

Results. Isaomex triplet therapy resulted in overall and renal responses in 76 % and 61 % of cases, respectively. The median progression free survival was 13.5 months. In the group of patients who did not receive daratumumab at previous stages, the median progression free survival was significantly higher and was 28 months vs 8 months (p ˂ 0.05). Threeyear overall survival was 81 %. Discontinuation of isatuximab due to the development of adverse event was recorded in 2 cases (2 %). In the group of patients with bone plasmacytomas (n = 46), Isaomex therapy resulted in an overall response rate of 67 %; 12‑month progression free survival was 48 %, and 1‑year overall survival was 76 %.

Conclusion. The results of the Isaomex triplet use in real clinical practice for the treatment of relapsed multiple myeloma showed data comparable to the ICARIA registration study on the frequency of achieving a response, duration of progression free survival and overall survival. The triplet efficiency was shown in comorbid patients, with advanced stages and those undergoing renal replacement therapy.
IL4 and TLR3 gene polymorphism in infectious complications in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Korobov S. O. , Nazarova E. L. , Dokshina I. A.
Published: December 2024

Background. Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are predisposed to infectious complications (IC). Single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes can affect the function and/or expression of the proteins they encode. Since the functioning of the innate immune system is under genetic control, identifying polymorphic variants that reduce the effectiveness of the immune response is a promising method for identifying patients at high risk of severe infections.

Aim. To evaluate the relationship between presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms TLR3 C1234G and IL4 C589T with IC frequency in AML patients.

Materials and methods. TLR3 C1234G and IL4 C589T polymorphisms were genotyped in 93 patients with AML, of which 77 (82.80 %) – de novo AML, 16 (17.20 %) – AML with previous myelodysplastic syndrome. Patients received 263 chemotherapy courses. Median age was 58 (Q1–Q3: 38–66) years, 50 (53.76 %) were men, 43 (46.24 %) were women. Sepsis and pneumonia were considered severe IC. Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction with detection of amplification products in a 3 % agarose gel was used to genotype single nucleotide polymorphisms in immune response genes.

Results. Severe IC were developed in 57 (21.67 %) chemotherapy courses. It was found that in patients with the TLR3 1234GG genotype, compared with carriers of the TLR31234CC genotype, the frequency of severe IC is 4.8 times lower (odds ratio 0.21; p = 0.022). Severe IC occurred 2.3 times more often in heterozygous carriers of the IL4 C589T polymorphism than in homozygous carriers of the C allele (odds ratio 2.29; p = 0.025). In multivariate analysis, taking into account age, gender and severity of neutropenia, the TLR31234GG and IL4 589CT genotypes variants remained independent predictors of IC.

Conclusion. The TLR3 1234CC and IL4589CT genotypes are associated with the risk of severe IC in AML patients.
Results of long-term treatment with thrombopoietin receptor agonists of resistant primary immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Vinogradova O. Yu. , Pankrashkina M. M. , Mukha L. A. , Neverova A. L. , Chernikov M. V. , Ptushkin V. V.
Published: December 2024

Background. Thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TORAs), which can imitate the biological effect of thrombopoietin, have shown high efficacy in a number of clinical studies and real clinical practice in patients with resistant primary immune thrombocytopenia (IT). It seems extremely relevant to evaluate the success of using various TORAs in a longterm nonrandomized study and their comparative effectiveness.

Aim. To evaluate the longterm efficacy of TORAs (romiplostim and eltrombopag) in patients with primary IT who are resistant to standard therapy, and to determine the clinical and hematological factors predicting the efficacy of TORAs therapy.

Materials and methods. The study included 456 patients with primary IT (127 (28 %) men and 329 (72 %) women) who were resistant to standard therapy. atients received TORAs therapy at the otkin Hospital. The median age at the start of TORAs therapy was 59 (9–91) years. Romiplostim was received by 339 patients (95 (28 %) men and 244 (72 %) women), eltrombopag – 117 (32 (27 %) men and 85 (73 %) women).

Results. The median duration of TORAs therapy was 78 (1–583) weeks for romiplostim and 59 (1–572) weeks for eltrombopag. uring the TORAs therapy the platelet response was obtained in 89 % (n = 405) of cases in total group of IT patients, in the romiplostim group – in 90 % (n = 306), in the eltrombopag group – in 85 % (n = 99). y the time of data analysis in the total cohort of IT patients, 55 % (n = 253) of patients maintained a sustained platelet response, with a median duration of 159 (2–655) weeks. Among patients receiving romiplostim, these parameters were 59 % (n = 200) and 149 (2–655) weeks, for eltrombopag – 45 % (n = 53) and 240 (24–565) weeks, respectively. The 10‑year overall survival rate with TORAs therapy, regardless of the drug chosen, was 86 %. Negative predictors of achieving a platelet response to romiplostim therapy were identified: ≥2 lines of previous therapy (p = 0.03), a history of splenectomy (p = 0.02). No negative predictors of platelet response to eltrombopag therapy were identified.

Conclusion. The longterm efficacy of 2 drugs of the same therapeutic class (TORAs), romiplostim and eltrombopag, in patients with resistant IT was demonstrated in a direct comparative analysis in a nonrandomized study. Clinical and hematological factors predicting the longterm effectiveness of romiplostim were identified.
Native and pegylated forms of L-asparaginase: the assessment of effectiveness and toxicity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with Berlin–Frankfurt–Munster (BFM) protocol
Authors: Shervashidze M. A. , Smirnova D. S. , Valiev T. T. , Batmanova N. A.
Published: December 2024

Background. Lasparaginase is an integral part of chemotherapy regimens in treatment of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, the use of Lasparaginase is limited due to wide range of adverse reactions. Our research demonstrates the toxicity effects and treatment results in patients with ALL who received native and pegylated (EG) Lasparaginase.

Materials and methods. From 2013 to 2023 in the study 199 patients with newly diagnosed ALL were enrolled. Patients were treated according to the ALL ICFM 2009 protocol including Lasparaginase. The average age of patients was 4.6 (1–18) years. ALL was diagnosed in 175 (87.9 %) patients, TALL in 24 (12.1 %) patients. Native Lasparaginase was used in the therapy of 51 (25.6 %) patients; if allergic reactions occured, 72 (36.2 %) patients received EG asparaginase. In 76 (38.2 %) patients treatment protocol included only EGasparaginase without native Lasparaginase history.

Results. The most common adverse event was a hypersensitivity reaction – 27.6 % (n = 55), which was more common in the cohort of patients receiving native Lasparaginase. The incidence of hypercoagulation for patients treated with native Lasparaginase was 4 % and 0 % – for EGasparaginase group. Hypocoagulation, presented as hypofibrinogenemia registered in 13 % of patients received native Lasparaginase and in 35 % for EGasparaginase group. ancreatitis, complicated ALL treatment were diagnosed in 4 % after native Lasparaginase and 1 % after EGasparaginase. The best 5‑year survival rates were observed in the group of patients who initially received EGasparaginase – overall and eventfree survival were 100 and 87.5 (11.7) %, respectively (р >0.05).

Conclusion. espite the absence of convincing survival benefit in patients with newly diagnosed ALL treated with EGasparaginase, the toxicity profile was better in contrast to native Lasparaginase.
THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL GUARANTEES IN THE STATE SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, PALAMARCHUK Tetiana
Published: December 2024

Background. The article examines the modern role of the democratic state in ensuring the rights and freedoms of citizens, in particular with regard to social protection. Taking into account the broad obligations that the state bears to citizens, special attention is paid to the system of legislative, institutional and organizational support for the realization of these rights and freedoms. The background context of the study notes the relevance of the problem of social protection in modern society. The main goal of the study is to determine the role of social protection in the social security system and to justify its importance in the context of public administration.

Methods. The article uses a number of general and special methods of scientific research to study the system of social protection of the population. Dialectical method: made it possible to single out a false understanding of the organizational support for the construction of the state's social protection policy. System method: made it possible to investigate the social and economic content of social protection, as well as to systematize its determinants. Comparative method: was used to study the approaches of different authors to the definition of the concept of "social protection". Generalization method: was used to provide own understanding of the concept of "social protection" based on the analysis of previous studies and comparison of different approaches.

Results. The article analyzes the social protection of the population and reveals a number of determinants that characterize these concepts. The main results of the study include the following: Social protection involves the mandatory participation of the state through a minimally determined level of state support for certain categories of the population that are in a situation of social risks and have a standard of living lower than the average in society. The system of social standards determines not only the realization of individual rights, but also ensures the implementation of these rights by the state.

Conclusions. The study points to the important role of social protection in the formation and development of a full-fledged personality and social potential, which contributes to increasing the intensity of socio-economic processes in the state. The introduction of the social protection system opens up the possibility of consolidating the resources of vulnerable segments of the population and their return to active socio-economic activity, which contributes to considering the costs of social security as social investments.
ASSESSMENT OF THE CAPABILITIES OF THE DEFENSE AND SECURITY FORCES OF UKRAINE IN THE FIELD OF STRATEGIC COMMUNICATIONS
Authors:   National Defence University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, MEDVEDYEV Оleh , SIVOKHA Ihor ,   National Defence University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, TARASIUK Taras ,   Ilko Kucheriv Democratic Initiatives Foundation, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

Background. The article analyzes an expert survey of editors and journalists of the Ukrainian mass media, that evaluates the strategic communications of the defense and security forces of Ukraine, primarily the Armed Forces. These communications affect the whole range of attitudes: the Ukrainians' morale, faith in victory, Ukraine's success in the informational war with russia both locally and in other countries; NATO's and EU's willingness to aid Ukraine and their citizens' attitude to the russo-ukrainian war.

Methods. The study of the effectiveness of the strategic communications of defense and security forces of Ukraine was conducted on the basis of a survey of journalists and heads of the Ukrainian mass media, who provided Likert scale based assessments based of various aspects of the communication activities of the defense and security forces.

Results. The results show both high ratings and positive feedback regarding the law enforcement agencies' dissemination of information via social networks. Also, Ukrainian mass media actively use international sources, when the official structures of the Security Service of Ukraine maintain a regime of silence or other restrictions for various reasons, justified under the martial law in a country at war. Ukrainian editors and journalists rely on the materials of the Institute for the Study of War, the Ministry of Defense of Great Britain and British Intelligence, the Bellingcat's joint journalistic investigation, a number of leading publications, such as The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, The Financial Times. They publish extensive analytical materials based on assessments and forecasts that allow a better understanding of the context of the policies of democratic countries (in particular, the USA, EU, Great Britain), especially regarding aid to Ukraine.

ConclusIons. The official communications of the defense and security forces of Ukraine are characterized by promptness, regularity and modern approaches. A high level of trust in the military demonstrates the possibility of more professional and detailed materials on the course of battle actions, like analytical materials, interviews with direct participants, commanders and fighters.
MAIN TRENDS IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (IN THE WORLD SYSTEM)
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, SYTNYK Hryhorii , TARAN Yevhenii ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

Background. The vast majority of world events at the end of the 20th century. and the beginning of the 21st century. caused by various conflicts, political and economic instability. This indicates the ineffectiveness of the existing mechanisms for coordinating the interests of the subjects of the system of international relations, and therefore the need to create new mechanisms that would take into account the main trends in the transformation of the system of international relations. Therefore, the identification and comprehensive analysis of the main trends in the transformation of the system of international relations in the context of the prospects for the formation of new centers of global and regional influence on the formation of the international agenda is an urgent task, as it allows to clarify the outlines of the architecture of the world order for the long term. The purpose of the work is to identify and comprehensively analyze the main trends in the transformation of the system of international relations in the context of the prospects for the formation of new centers of global and regional influence on the formation of a new world order.

Methods. The article uses a number of general scientific and special methods. So, in particular, when researching such international institutions as the EU, NATO, SCO and BRICS, the comparison method was used. Using the method of analysis, the most obvious trends of modern international relations were determined.

Results. The peculiarities of the formation and functioning of the system of international relations (world order) in certain historical periods in the context of defining world events are analyzed. It was found that the main determinant of the formation of the specified world order systems was the so-called redistribution of the world, namely the rejection (annexation, seizure) of certain territories from some countries and their entry into others. Globalization and informatization of all spheres of social life lead to an increasing dependence of states on each other. This prompts the creation of a new system of international relations (world order), which would be able to respond more adequately to the specified threats without the use of force instruments.

Conclusions. Analysis of the general context of the formation of a new system of international relations suggests that the formation of a multipolar system should be completed in the near future, which will lead to a certain stabilization in the field of international relations, which are currently largely in a chaotic state. At the same time, Ukraine, which is currently at war with Russia, faces an extremely difficult task of winning the chance to become a full-fledged subject of the new system of international relations (new world order).
DIGITALIZATION AS A FACTOR INFLUENCING RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, LAVYNIUKOVA Anna
Published: December 2024

B a c k g r o u n d . Digitalization nowadays affects virtually all spheres of human activity, and it is extremely important to have time to comprehend this process, formulate a plan of interaction and try to predict its consequences. On the one hand, digitalization is a challenge for such a traditional and monumental structure as religion, but on the other hand, it can be an impetus for the development of the latter, stimulating the development of new answers to old questions. Does form prevail over content, or is the latter a more important component? This is the question behind most discussions about the possibility or impossibility of using technical means during sacred services, and this article attempts to answer it. This topic is revealed through the prism of the concept of religious experience and possible changes and influences on it through the involvement of technical means in church practices.

The purpose of the article is to highlight the impact of the digitalization of religion on the formation and functioning of religious experience.

M e t h o d s . To conduct this study, bibliographic materials on the interaction of technology and religion were studied and analyzed, and the materials that best reflect the current state of this issue were synthesized from the total array.

R e s u l t s . The study demonstrated, firstly, the indisputable fact that the external conditions of recent years (the Covid-19 pandemic and the beginning of a full-scale invasion) have significantly stimulated the process of church digitalization. In addition, this article demonstrates the diversity of attitudes and attitudes of church representatives towards the involvement of modern technology in traditional religious practices. The study also shows how the challenges of modernity can contribute to the emergence of new, from some point of view, controversial religious practices (the phenomenon of online communion).

C o n c l u s i o n s . There is an undeniable interaction between technological progress and religious conservatism, which can lead to both conflicts and unexpected adaptations. We all found ourselves in equally extreme conditions and had only a choice of how to respond to them. In the church, we see that there are examples of clergy who have easily been able to integrate and turn modern technological tools to the benefit of themselves and their flock, and there are those who prefer to oppose the latter. Everyone has their own explanations and arguments, which demonstrates the continued need to understand the digitalization of religion so that in the future the two sides of this dispute can come to a "common denominator".
Effect of Fermentation Time on the Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Fermented Cascara Beverage
Authors: Simanjuntak Monayanti , Hutabarat Diva Yolanda , Sutan Ditha Klarissa , Harjanto Eunike , Adityarini Dwi
Published: December 2024

Indonesia is a country with a high consumption of coffee, which is in direct comparison with the increased production of coffee waste. Arabica coffee husk (cascara) is coffee industry waste that has not been utilized optimally, which is only 0.76% of the existing potential. Cascara is known to have a secondary metabolite compound that can be utilized as a good product for human health. The effects of Arabica cascara fermentation time on the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of cascara beverage were studied in this study. This research is using a completely randomized non-factorial design. Cascara was obtained from Puntang Mountain, West Java, and was fermented with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (previously known as Lactobacillus plantarum) for 10, 14, and 18 days. pH value was measured with a pH meter, total sugar content with phenol sulfuric acid method, caffeine content with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method, total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with drop plate method, total flavonoid and phenolic content with UV-Vis spectrophotometry method, antioxidant activity with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, and antibacterial activity against Helicobacter pylori with disc diffusion method. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and DMRT test at the significance level of 0.05. The results showed that prolonged fermentation times reduce the quality of Arabica cascara beverage. The optimal fermentation times were found to be 10 days producing the best balance of pH (3.66), total sugar content (1.29%), caffeine content (0.043%), total LAB (1 x 107), total phenols (12.74 ppm), total flavonoids (3.40 ppm) and highest antioxidant IC50 activity (215 ppm) while for antibacterial activity has not been able to inhibit the growth of Helicobacter pylori.
Thyroid peroxidase antibodies: prevalence and assessment of immunological parameter in the context of search for new predictive markers of hypothyroidism
Authors: Kazakova Maria , Troshina Ekaterina A. Troshina , Dyakov Ilya N. Dyakov , Pershina-Miliutina Anastasiia P. , Chernyshova Irina , Gavrilova Marina , Bushkova Christina
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND:The annual incidence of autoimmune pathologies is increasing. Studying the causes of their development and preventive measures are important. Despite the availability of analysis of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb), statistical data of the prevalence of AIT is incorrect. An identification of key molecular mechanisms is important for developing effective diagnostic and preventive strategies for preventing progression hypothyroidism.
AIM:Assessment of the prevalence of TPOAb and the search for correlations of immunological parameters and the degree of thyroid dysfunction in AIT.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:We examined 580 people over the age of 18. We measured serum levels of TSH, freeT4, TPOAb, did thyroid ultrasound, collected anamnesis. Part of them we evaluated immunological parameters: Treg; Breg; B10-lymphocytes; IFNγ, IL-17, IL-4 T lymphocytes.
RESULTS:An increased level of TPOAb was detected in 143 individuals (24.7%). 73 (51.41%) of them had nodular goiter, 60 (41.96%) had hypothyroidism. We found significant differences between people with high level of TPOAb and healthy individuals in levels of TSH, ultrasound’s signs of autoimmune changes and information about having 3 or more children (p 0,001). We found significant correlation in level of TPOAb and having many children (p=0,037). We found a difference in count of Breg (in vitro incubation with additional activation) in the group of people with high levels of TPOAb and healthy donors, but without low level of IL-10 expression. We didn’t find significant differences in count of Treg, but degree of Treg’s induction was reduced when we added a specific activator. Impaired functional activity can be reason of it.
CONCLUSION:Prevalence of high level of TPOAb – 24.6%. Women with 3 or more children had higher prevalence of high level of TPOAb, and significant correlation with level of TPOAb. Having many children can be risk factor of developing AIT. The study showed the expected difference in the amount of Breg in the group of people with high level of TPOAb, however, lower induction of IL-10 wasn’t observed. Further fundamental research is needed with larger target samples of individuals with AIT in the search for new prognostic markers of the development and progression of the disease.
El Escorial como “octava Maravilla del mundo”: un estudio léxico-terminológico de “maravilla”/lo “maravilloso” en la Descripción breve del padre Santos (1657)
Authors: Castilla Ortega Marina
Published: December 2024

La idea del Real Monasterio de El Escorial como “octava Maravilla del mundo” (y superior a las siete restantes) constituye uno de los tópicos literarios que más fama ha otorgado al monumento desde sus albores, a finales del siglo XVI.
Debido a su pervivencia hasta nuestros días, se plantea un estudio léxico-terminológico monográfico del vocablo “maravilla”/lo “maravilloso” en uno de los textos descriptores del Monasterio que más uso hizo del mismo (así demostrado tras estudios previos comparativos con otras descripciones):  la Descripción breve del jerónimo fray Francisco de los Santos (1657). De este modo, la presente investigación, con una metodología inherente a las Humanidades Digitales, arroja luz sobre el significado del concepto en este testimonio, paradigmático de la esencia de la “maravilla” escurialense.
La Casa Sindical de Oviedo: dos proyectos, una arquitectura de poder.
Authors: Braña Barcia Alejandro
Published: December 2024

La Organización Sindical Española fue una de las instituciones más importantes del franquismo, por ello, sus sedes (o Casas Sindicales) formaron parte de lo que entendemos como la “arquitectura oficial” del momento. En el caso asturiano, conservamos dos proyectos realizados en contextos completamente diferentes, lo que nos permite analizar y conocer la evolución tanto del panorama arquitectónico del momento como de la propia OSE. Especialmente, es relevante la obra definitiva, realizada en 1954, pues confirmó el comienzo de un tiempo nuevo en Asturias
Presentación No. 19
Authors: U. Libre Autor
Published: December 2024

Los vínculos existentes entre la historia y el derecho son tan antiguos como la existencia misma de estas disciplinas. Usualmente como se presenta el derecho actual en términos académicos, es en clave histórica, es decir, obedece a circunstancias propias de una época de tiempo y lugar, del mismo modo que se abordan las instituciones jurídicas en contextos particulares, signados por unos condicionamientos de orden histórico, político y sociológicos muy singulares. Cualquier disciplina que pretenda indagar por sus orígenes, es ya una indagación por la historia. Historia y derecho se complican, máxime cuando se considera que es una necesidad abordar el pasado para interpretar el presente. La historia como la definió Eric Hobsbawm, se ocupa del pasado, aunque no sepamos con certeza definir una situación liminal con el presente. Esta disciplina presta especial atención en los lugares de producción de los discursos, como forma de controvertir una inveterada idea de ver las instituciones como algo dado. Por eso, cuando se aborda el derecho como objeto de estudio, no debe limitarse a una transcripción literal de las normas, lo que no le hace ningún aporte a esta disciplina, sino que el esfuerzo más meritorio consiste en entender el contexto en el que se desarrollan ,o como dicen los historiadores, analizar los “lugares de producción de esos discursos".
Presentación No. 22
Authors: Castro Elías
Published: December 2024

La revista colombiana de filosofía Sin Fundamento, arriba a su edición n.° 22, con un propósito sobresaliente, como es el de difundir el pensa- miento filosófico, político y jurídico en sus diversas épocas y contextos. Recordamos con nostalgia la ausencia de dos figuras cimeras en la filosofía del derecho en Colombia, como fue la partida del doctor Gui- llermo Hoyos Vásquez, a quien en su honor se realizó el VI Congreso Internacional y V Nacional de Filosofía del Derecho, Ética y Política, al que tuvo el honor de asistir con su inseparable Patricia (q.e.p.d). Su presentación la inició aquel día con una aseveración que resonó en el auditorio Benjamín Herrera de la Universidad Libre como una sentencia: “El doctorado honoris causa otorgado a Álvaro Uribe Vélez fue un error de imprenta”. Nada pudo haber sido más acertado para dar inicio a una presentación que con cierta dosis de humor e ironía supo cautivar la atención del público.
Perspectiva de género en la decisión judicial: justificación y metodología
Authors: Pabón Mantilla Ana Patricia
Published: December 2024

The text that is presented inquires about the role of the judge in the achievement of material equality and the elimination of injustices linked to gender and the way in which a gender approach and the guidelines that emerge from there contributes to the fulfillment of that role. To answer this question, the analysis focuses on the contributions that, in theoretical terms, research on gender and the administration of justice has generated and then exposes the way the gender approach guides, as an analysis methodology, judicial practice. The result that is presented describes the findings of a theoretical investigation, based on the critical hermeneutic paradigm, from the analysis of documentary sources approached from the technique of analytical review and discourse analysis. As a result of the proposed analysis, it is concluded that to the extent that obstacles persist for women to access the administration of justice in fair conditions, the relevance and justification of incorporating guiding criteria of the differential gender approach is pertinent to achieve judicial decisions that are more guaranteeing of material equality.
La Reparación Integral de los Segundos Ocupantes Vulnerables en Colombia
Authors: Rueda Lázaro Jesús Manuel , López Niño Giovanni Enrique , Casadiegos Santana Martin Humberto
Published: December 2024

On June 10, 2011 the execution of the Victims Law was launched, with the purpose of attending, assisting, and repairing the victims of the internal armed conflict. The implementation of the law and the constitutional precedent established in Judgment C-330 of 2016, certain situations or conditions that were not foreseen by the legislator became evident, especially, the ignorance of a heterogeneous group known as second occupants and the omission of post-judgment institutions for its recognition and comprehensive reparation. This problem academically motivated the beginning of a research process, based on the question, ¿how to materialize the integral reparation of the second occupants, unknown by judicial sentence, prior to the constitutional precedent C-330 of 2016 by the land judge? To answer this question, the procedural laws and the extended jurisdiction of land restitution judges must be considered, as well as the fact that sentences are immutable and irrevocable. The research problem is answered by applying legal hermeneutics, from its formal idealistic philosophical current, through the systematic method and the technique of integration by induction to analyze the applicability of the extraordinary appeal for review, the constitutional mechanism of protection, the modulation of constitutional sentences and the addition of sentences of the General Code of the Process, which allows us to suggest some aspects to make the institutions more flexible, taking into account the differential approach of the law and the quality of the benefactor subject as institutions that allow to materialize the integral reparation of the second vulnerable occupants in Colombia.