bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soybean Varieties Respond to the Shade of Teak Trees
Authors: Aziez Achmad Fatchul , Budiyono Agus , Suprapti Endang , Prasetyo Agung , Pranantyo Fardhan Aji , . Paiman
Published: March 2022

Background: Light is one of the environmental factors that greatly affect the growth and yield of crops in general, including soybean plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of shade on yield and yield components of soybean varieties. Methods: The research method was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The first factor was the kind of variety which consisted of two levels, i.e., Dena I and Anjasmara. The second factor was the level of shading, which consisted of four levels, i.e., 0, 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40%. Result: The results showed that shade decreased the number of filled pods, dry pod weight per plant, 100 seeds weight and seed yield ha-1. As the shade increases, the lower the yield and component of soybean yields increases. The decrease in seed yield ha-1 of Dena I variety at 10-20, 20-30 and 30-40% shade was 22, 14 and 50%, respectively, while the Anjasmara variety was 9, 49 and 59%. Shade decreases yields and yield components of Dena I and Anjasmara varieties. In the higher level of shade, the yield reduction will increase.
Impact of Intercrop Combinations in the Management of Gram Pod Borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) in Chickpea
Authors: Mehra Keshav , Singh Veer
Published: March 2022

Background: Bengal gram or chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important pulse crop grown in North India. The gram pod borer, Helicovera armigera (Hubner) is the major biotic constraint in the production of gram and causes heavy crop losses (20-60%) throughout the India. The damage caused by pod borer starts from early stages and continues up to the vegetative growth, flowering, poding and till maturity of the crop. The larvae of pod borer feeds on the leaves, stem, pods and the seeds of gram, yield losses mainly occurred due to the pod damage. A single larva can destroy 30-40 pods before attaining the maturity. Cultural practices like use of different intercrop combinations might be successful in avoiding or reducing the pod borer infestation. The current study was aimed to find out the best possible intercrop combination for the management of pod borer in chickpea. Methods: A field experiment was conducted at research farm, College of Agriculture, SKRAU, Bikaner during Rabi, 2014-15 and 2015-16 to study the impact of different intercrop combinations in the management of gram pod borer, in chickpea. Result: The intercrops, viz., wheat, barley, mustard, linseed and safflower with chickpea significantly reduced the population of H. armigera over the sole crop of chickpea. The minimum larval population and pod damage was observed in chickpea+safflower intercrop combination, whereas, the maximum was observed in chickpea+linseed. The highest equivalent yield (11.93 q ha-1) was computed in chickpea+barley, whereas, minimum (10.17 q ha-1) being in chickpea+linseed intercrop combination.
Identification of Elite Pigeonpea Genotypes against Fusarium Wilt and Sterility Mosaic Disease through AMMI and GGE Biplot Analysis
Authors: Reddy B. Deepak , Kumar B. , Reddy M.S. Sai , Krishna K. Sai , Karthik Somala , Kumar Rajeev
Published: March 2022

Background: Pigeonpea is an important legume crop in the world. The diseases Fusarium Wilt (FW) and Sterility Mosaic Disease (SMD) causes a complete yield loss i.e. up to 100% in susceptible pigeonpea genotypes. Amidst of these conditions the selection of stable resistant genotypes against these diseases under varying environmental conditions is the primary management choice for minimizing yield losses (Sharma et al., 2012; Bhaskar et al., 2016). Methods: Fifty pigeonpea genotypes were evaluated against Fusarium wilt and SMD in artificial epiphytotic conditions during four Kharif seasons i.e., 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis was used to decipher the interaction between genotype (G) and environment (E) for FW and SMD in pigeonpea. Result: Analysis revealed that in both the diseases IPCA1 and IPCA2 collectively contributed more than 80% interaction. AMMI biplots revealed that Kharif- 2019 shows positive effect to FW disease and negative effect to SMD. The AMMI model integration with GGE biplot, identified stable and resistant genotypes (1, 6, 7, 9, 11, 14, 20, 25, 21, 30, 33, 35, 42, 44, 46, 47, 48 and 49) to both FW and SMD based on their performance across diverse environments. These genotypes will be referred for pigeonpea FW and SMD disease resistance breeding programmes.
Remoción de materia organica natural por tratamiento convencional de agua en un río tropical
Authors: Jiménez-Antillón Joaquín , Quesada-Delgado Sidney , Romero-Esquivel Luis G.
Published: March 2022

En Costa Rica, la efectividad del tratamiento convencional de agua es evaluada principalmente en términos de remoción de color y turbidez y no de materia orgánica natural (MON) que, al clorarla, puede formar subproductos de desinfección (DBPs) potencialmente carcinogénicos como los trihalometanos (THMs). Se monitoreó mensualmente, de marzo 2015 a febrero 2016, en cada etapa del tratamiento, el agua de la planta potabilizadora del río Jorco, en San José. Se cuantificaron carbono orgánico total (COT) y disuelto (COD), absorbancia ultravioleta a 254nm (UV254) y absorbancia ultravioleta específica (SUVA). Durante todo el período, el COT y DOC del agua cruda variaron entre 0,42 ± 0,01 mg-C/L y 0,96 ± 0,19 mg-C/L. La absorbancia UV254 y el SUVA variaron entre 0,0106 cm-1 y 2,71±0,55 L/mg-m (época seca) y 0,250 cm-1 y 2,06±1,16 L/mg-m (época lluviosa), indicando mezcla de sustancias aromáticas y alifáticas. La mayor eficiencia de remoción durante las dos estaciones, fue en el proceso de  coagulación-sedimentación con valores cercanos a 21% y 23% para COT y COD, respectivamente. El sistema total removió el 51% de UV254 y 32% SUVA, indicando remoción de MON aromática, precursora de DBPs. La determinación de UV254 mostró buena correlación con MON (>99% según coeficiente de Pearson), indicando su posible uso como sustituto al análisis de COT y COD. Considerando el tipo y la baja concentración de MON del agua cruda junto con la capacidad del tratamiento, el monitoreo de THMs en la red de distribución confirmó una producción de THMs totales cercana a 10 µg/L, muy por debajo a la legislación nacional (460 µg L-1 como trihalometanos totales).
Replanteo físico y operacional de la rotonda monitor ubicada en el distrito de Santiago de Surco para mejorar su eficiencia y seguridad vial
Authors:   , Perez Vargas Daniela Michelle , Yauyo Baltazar Jorge Enrique
Published: March 2022

La investigación presenta un nuevo diseño de rotondas llamado turbo rotondas, estos tipos de rotondas se adoptan, debido a que las glorietas convencionales multicarril se encuentran relacionadas con problemas como lo son el comportamiento de los conductores en la entrada, carril circulatorio y zonas de salida de la rotonda; donde se observa el cambio e invasión de los carriles sin respetar las marcas divisorias de carril lo que genera mayor velocidad. Las turbo rotondas a comparación de las rotondas convencionales, poseen beneficios operativos y de seguridad, gracias a que tienen separadores de carril cuya principal función es de restringir los cambios de carril o malas maniobras de los conductores, reducir la velocidad y los puntos de conflictos. Para el caso de estudio se eligió a la rotonda Monitor por la congestión vehicular que presenta, la mala operación de la rotonda y la alta tasa de accidentes de tránsito, por lo que se plantea un rediseño físico y operacional mediante una turbo rotonda, donde se evaluará los niveles de servicio, las demoras y el nivel de seguridad a través de una microsimulación mediante el software Vissim 9 entre la rotonda actual y la propuesta. Finalmente, después de realizar varias corridas al programa se llega a la conclusión de que el replanteo físico y operacional de la rotonda Monitor Huáscar, a través de la Turbo Rotonda tipo rotor beneficia a los usuarios mejorando el nivel de servicio de F a C. Esto quiere decir, que las demoras y los tiempos de viaje se reducen significativamente. Además, de mejorar la seguridad vial reduciendo el número de puntos de conflicto.
Orthodontic-Surgical Treatment of a Skeletal Class II Malocclusion: A Case Report
Authors: KAYADÜĞÜN Aylin , BUYUKCAVUS Muhammed Hilmi , FINDIK Yavuz , BAYKUL Timuçin
Published: March 2022

Two methods for treating skeletal problems in adults are camouflage orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery. This case report aimed to present the successful treatment of an adult female patient with skeletal Class II malocclusion due to retrognathic mandible through orthognathic surgery. After the fixed orthodontic treatment, the necessary decompensation treatment was applied to the patient who presented to our clinic with the complaint of retrusive mandible and was operated. The dental and skeletal Class I relationship was achieved with functional occlusion after orthodontic and orthognathic surgery. The total treatment time was 23 months. The treatment results showed good improvement in the facial profile.
KEWENANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PENGELOLAAN KEHUTANAN PASCA UNDANG-UNDANG CIPTA KERJA [The Authority of Local Governments in the Context of Forestry Management after the Law on Job Creation]
Authors: Pambudhi Hario Danang , Virgy Muhammad Arief
Published: March 2022

The Indonesian government initiated a law called Job Creation which aims to facilitate the flow of licensing bureaucracy to increase investment in Indonesia. However, there are problems that have come to the attention of the author regarding the regulation of forestry matters in this regulation, namely the centralization of authority to issue permits in the central government, the role of local governments in the formation and assessment of environmental impact analysis (AMDAL) and Environmental Management Efforts-Environmental Monitoring Efforts (UKL-UPL), and regarding the features of the National Strategic Project (PSN). These problems are the main discussion of the authors in this study. By using normative juridical research through a statutory approach as well as descriptive analytical concepts, the authors conclude that forestry regulations in these laws tend to restore the dignity of centralization of authority in the context of forest management authority, particularly with regard to forest use. This is not in line with the constitutional design regulated in the constitution regarding the division of authority for forest use between the central and regional governments which must be carried out based on the spirit of autonomy as wide as possible in a fair and harmonious manner.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Pemerintah Indonesia menginisiasi sebuah Undang-Undang dengan nama Cipta Kerja yang bertujuan untuk mempermudah alur birokrasi perizinan untuk meningkatkan investasi di Indonesia. Namun, terdapat permasalahan yang menjadi perhatian penulis terkait pengaturan soal kehutanan dalam regulasi ini, yaitu pemusatan kewenangan pemberian izin di pemerintah pusat, peran pemerintah daerah dalam pembentukan dan penilaian analisis mengenai dampak lingkungan (AMDAL) dan Upaya Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup-Upaya Pemantauan Lingkungan Hidup (UKL-UPL), dan perihal keistimewaan Proyek Strategis Nasional (PSN). Permasalahan tersebut menjadi bahasan utama penulis pada penelitian ini. Dengan menggunakan penelitian yuridis normatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan serta konsep yang bersifat deskriptif analitis, penulis berkesimpulan bahwa pengaturan kehutanan dalam undang-undang tersebut cenderung mengembalikan marwah sentralisasi kewenangan dalam konteks kewenangan pengelolaan hutan, khususnya berkaitan dengan pemanfaatan hutan. Hal ini tidak selaras dengan desain konstitusional yang diatur dalam konstitusi mengenai pembagian kewenangan pemanfaatan hutan antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah yang harus diselenggarakan berdasarkan semangat otonomi seluas-luasnya yang adil dan selaras.
Professional Standard “Demographer” as a Key Mechanism for Managing the Development of Human Resources in the Field of People Saving
Authors: Rostovskaya Tamara , Zolotareva Olga
Published: March 2022

The article substantiates the usefulness of the development and adoption of the professional standard “Demographer” in the aspect of its significance for scientific-methodological, expert-analytical support for the development and implementation of priority national projects and programs in the field of demographic and socio-economic development of Russia. The purpose of the article is to reveal the directions and mechanisms of the development and application of the professional standard “Demographer”.
The implemented content analysis of the approved / current regulations and documents revealed a vacuum in the field of training demographers, which is determined by the lack of appropriate standards, both professional and educational. Generalization, analysis and synthesis of fundamental knowledge about the subject area gave strong grounds to believe that in modern conditions of aggravation of demographic threats to the national security of the country, it is extremely necessary to train professional personnel – “demographers” who own specialized demographic technologies and are able to scientifically soundly develop effective measures in the field of ensuring demographic security. Factological and structural-functional analysis, a systematic approach to identifying the specifics of demography as a science and practical activity made it possible to more substantively present the conceptual foundations for the formation of a new model of human resources in the field of demographic development, people-saving, which is based on the professional standard “Demographer”.
In January 2021, on an initiative basis, the developers represented by IDI FCTAS RAS and the Scientific Council “Demographic and Migration Problems of Russia” launched the process of developing the professional standard “Demographer” and formed a working group. The presented mechanism for the development of the draft professional standard “Demographer” includes the current state of research on this issue; analysis of the existing demographic situation, information on the prospects for the development of the type of professional activity of the demographer; discussion of comments and suggestions received from the expert community in the process of public discussion in a professional environment; finalization of the draft professional standard, taking into account the comments of the Council on professional qualifications in the field of labor safety, social protection and employment of the population.
Intra-city Railway Connection Within the “core” of Agglomeration
Authors: Kalmykov Mikhail , Korovyakovskiy Evgeny , Sholtysek Jacek
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To develop a proposal to increase the attractiveness of railway transport by launching an intra-city route in municipalities where the construction of metro stations is not expected in the next decade. Analysis of the settlement of agglomeration and zones of gravity to agglomeration “core”. Analysis of the existing railway transport infrastructure. Analysis of suburban traffic in the Vitebsk direction. Identification of the problems of uneven development of transport infrastructure in the St. Petersburg agglomeration and adjacent territories, the problem of congestion of urban infrastructure in the conditions of rapid development of residential building of territories and the lag in infrastructure development. Analysis of possible passenger traffic on the route of intra-city railway connection Kupchino-Rzhevka-Devyatkino. Methods: Statistical research, analysis and synthesis, the method of polygon approach. Results: The project passenger turnover in the direction of Kupchino — Rzhevka — Devyatkino was determined. The route of a new urban communication with high capacity in areas with a poorly developed transport system and promising areas for housing construction is proposed, the route also connects southern, eastern and northern areas of the agglomeration. Practical importance: The development of intra-city communication routes with small traffic intervals, providing an attractiveness of more ecological transport compared to automobile one, with such traffic that’s independent of situation on street road network.
Impact of Transition Processes in Propulsion of Shunting Diesel Locomotive on Fuel Consumption in Exploitation
Authors: Grachev Vladimir , Grischenko Aleksandr , Bazilevskiy Fedor , Kurilkin Dmitry
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Experimental assessment of the effect of transient processes in a propulsion on the operational efficiency of a shunting diesel locomotive based on locomotive parameter monitoring during exploitation. Methods: As initial data for the analysis, the results are used of continuous monitoring of the values of the parameters of propulsion of TEM18 locomotive, equipped with an electronic control system for fuel supply ESUFT.01-06-03, an automatic control system for electric transmission of USTA locomotive and a remote data control system ASK, under heavy shunting. Evaluation of transient process influence was fulfilled by means of comparison of fuel real consumption on controller 4–6 positions with standard calculated consumption at the same working modes of locomotive propulsion at the absence of transient processes. Results: As a result of the statistical analysis of metric information, it is shown that, in contradiction to, existing in environment of locomotive industry specialist, stable notion on transient process essential influence in shunting locomotive propulsion on exploitation fuel consumption and on fuel accounting necessity during rationing, transient processes in diesel generator propulsion PDG1M of TEM2(18) diesel locomotive, equipped with the modern tools of control for diesel and electric transmission, do not affect operational fuel consumption and may not be taken into account when rationing fuel for shunting. The decision on the necessity and way of accounting additional fuel consumption in transient processes when rationing the consumption for shunting operation should be made for each series of shunting locomotive based on the results of monitoring the parameters of locomotive propulsion in exploitation. Practical importance: Article results allow to raise the accuracy of traction calculations and reliability of rationing fuel consumption for shunting job.
A Study of Consumer Choice Behavior Determination Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) of Functional Cosmetics
Authors: Jang Min-ah , Lee Jung Min , Bae Seunghee
Published: March 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify consumer behavioral decisions based on the selection attributes of functional cosmetics. The structural relationship between consumers' attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control was empirically examined for this purpose.Method: As a theoretical model, behavioral studies on the selection attributes of functional cosmetics were proposed based on Ajzen's theory of planned behavior, and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22. After determining the selection attributes of functional cosmetics, a correlation analysis was performed to understand the correlation between consumer behavioral intentions leading to purchase.Result: It was verified that the higher the attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control, which are sub-elements of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the higher the consumer behavioral intention of functional cosmetics. At this time, it was discovered that the higher the perceived behavioral control among the TPB, the higher the behavioral intention. Furthermore, as the behavioral intention increased, so did the preference for wrinkle improvement, whitening improvement and UV protection among the functional cosmetic selection attributes. In this case, wrinkle improvement was discovered to have the greatest influence on consumer behavioral intention in the structural relationship of functional cosmetic selection attributes.Conclusion: Recently, as the scope of functional cosmetics has expanded and consumer interest has increased, the needs and expectations of consumers for the use of functional cosmetics have diversified, as have the functional selection properties. Therefore, it is critical to carefully consider the characteristics of consumers to establish a marketing strategy for functional cosmetics. While most previous studies related to functional cosmetics focused solely on the purchasing behavior of consumers, this study is significant in that it identified the process of behavioral intention that determines consumer behavior leading to the purchase of functional cosmetics in greater detail.
Heuristic procedure for synthesis of separation system for multicomponent mixtures using fuzzy logic
Authors: Bugaieva Liudmyla , Beznosyk Yurii
Published: March 2022

In this study, the task is to develop a heuristic procedure for the synthesis of systems for the separation of multicomponent mixtures, which would take into account the uncertainty of the factors of the separation processes and the multivariance of the solution.

The authors reviewed the current state of the existing methods for the separation of mixtures. Many works devoted to the synthesis of effective systems for the separation of multicomponent mixtures leave unsolved the problem of taking into account the uncertainty of many factors of the separation processes. In the presented work, it is proposed that a heuristic approach is applied using fuzzy logic.

The proposed procedure is based on the choice of a separation sequence that takes into account the value of the separation coefficient and the difference in boiling points of two adjacent key components. The proposed strategy is based on an estimate of the likelihood of each rule for each possible separation. The search for solutions has five stages. First, the mixture to be separated and the available equipment are determined. After that, an ordered list of all separation options is drawn up with possible values of the economic costs of their implementation. Next, the mass load of possible separation is estimated and the separation with the minimum value of the separation ratio is selected. The heuristic is that the heavy separation is done last. And, at the last step, the most economical separation scheme is selected.

The above strategy at the stage of quantitative assessment is subject to the value of the threshold S (boiling point difference). This point can be used to determine the quasi-optimal solutions to the problem of sequencing according to the rules of relaxation of separation.

For this fuzzy heuristic method for determining cost-effective separation sequences for mixtures, appropriate software has been developed. In addition, since the procedure uses the theory of fuzzy sets, the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox package of the Matlab was also used to solve the problem of synthesizing schemes for separating hydrocarbon mixtures. The proposed procedure was successfully tested in both software implementations using the example of separating a five-component mixture.

The main difference between the proposed approach and other approaches based on fuzzy logic for the synthesis of separation systems is the gradation of working rules and possible quantification of a set of rules, which eliminates conflicts between the rules.
Air quality monitoring systems in Kyiv
Authors: Radovenchyk Vіacheslav , Ivanenko Olena , Krysenko Tamara , Radovenchyk Yaroslav
Published: March 2022

Anthropogenic impact on the environment is growing every year. It deteriorates the living conditions of humans and other organisms and leads to global environmental crises. The atmosphere is especially sensitive to the influences in which processes progress more intensively than in other components of the environment. Kyiv takes one of the first places among the cities of Ukraine by the level of pollution. To make the necessary management decisions for improving air quality, detailed information is required about the level of air pollution, pollutants and sources of their formation, changes in time, etc. In developed countries, these functions are performed by different national pollution monitoring systems, which are automated and computerized and display real-time information. Today, the national environmental monitoring system in Ukraine is only being formed, so it is important to determine the most acceptable areas for its development.

The capital should be a model for other cities. Hence, a modern system of environmental monitoring should be one of the main priorities of the current city administration. Today, the monitoring of air quality in the capital is carried out by several entities. Conventionally, the main monitoring organization is the Central Geophysical Observatory (CGO), which has 16 monitoring points in Kyiv and publishes some (25 %) of the obtained information on its website. A significant advantage of the information from CGO is its compliance with current regulations of Ukraine. Such information includes all necessary contaminants. Today, CGO has the most detailed information about air quality for a long-term period. The last few years have been characterized by intensive development of private air quality monitoring systems in the capital: LUN City, Save Dnipro, Air Visual, luftdaten.info and others. They belong to various organizations, have sufficient coverage of the city, but analyze air quality only by the content of 1–10 µm particles, which is not enough for a complete analysis and assessment of air pollution. Most of these monitoring systems are more like advertising or designed to create a network of observation posts by citizens themselves. Therefore, such systems cannot be considered full-fledged air quality monitoring systems. Several years ago, the Kyiv City State Administration decided to create a modern open-resource automated air quality monitoring system in the capital. Today four observation posts have been installed. Such posts correspond to the current European level of air monitoring and provide real-time detailed information about the air pollution level.

The air quality monitoring system in the capital is likely to be developed by creation of new modern observation posts according to the Kyiv City State Administration program, especially if it is not commercialized or privatized in the future.
Le retour du sauvage - Une question de nature et de temps
Authors: Maris Virginie , Beau Rémi
Published: March 2022

Rémi Beau et Virginie Maris, tous deux philosophes de l'environnement, s'interrogent sur ce que la crise sanitaire révèle de notre rapport ambivalent au monde sauvage, à la fois source de désir et de crainte, et sur les contours que peut prendre “le retour du sauvage” à l'heure de l'Anthropocène, où l'on considère que l'ensemble de la planète est influencé par les activités humaines.
La naturalité à petit pas. Evolution des regards et des pratiques sur une notion émergente
Authors: Deuffic Philippe , Brahic Elodie , Dusacre Eve
Published: March 2022

Si la forêt incarne la nature pour les Français, la notion de naturalité leur est beaucoup moins familière et leur semble relever du sauvage. Pourtant, certains signes montrent que ces représentations évoluent : les bois morts sont désormais tolérés, voire promus pour leur qualité écologique par les forestiers comme par le public ; les espaces dédiés à la naturalité tels que les réserves biologiques intégrales sont de plus en plus nombreuses sur le territoire métropolitain. Les raisons de cette adhésion restent cependant ambivalentes. Certains forestiers et usagers de la forêt le font pour éviter d’être accusé de négligence environnementale alors que d’autres sont vraiment convaincus de l’intérêt de laisser des espaces en libre évolution pour la biodiversité et la résilience des forêts face aux changements climatiques. Dans les deux cas, la naturalité retrouve progressivement et bon gré mal gré une place dans nos écosystèmes forestiers et nos représentations de la forêt.
La féralité : un concept novateur pour les forêts
Authors: Schnitzler Annik , Génot Jean-Claude
Published: March 2022

De nombreux milieux agricoles ou prairiaux, laissés en libre évolution, évoluent vers des stades plus ou moins boisés en fonction des climats, des sols et des héritages anthropiques. Ces milieux en voie d’ensauvagement peuvent être assimilés à la nature férale. Il en existe beaucoup en France, liés à diverses crises économiques. Les plus anciennes ont entre 100 et 130 ans ; les plus jeunes entre 10 et 20 ans. Ils peuvent atteindre de grandes étendues dans la moitié sud de la France. Nous présentons quelques exemples de nature férale dans diverses parties de la France, dans la zone méditerranéenne, en moyenne montagne, en Bretagne ou le long des fleuves, afin de convaincre de l’intérêt de ces forêts férales pour la conservation des espèces en danger, des gros insectes aux grands mammifères. La nature férale française offre une formidable occasion, très concrète, de reconnaître la valeur intrinsèque de la nature sauvage.
Excessive Use of Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) during Early Development and Difficulties in Retrospective Analyses of Risks
Authors: Bono-Lunn Dillan , Kuchibhatla Maragatha , Palkar Antara , Cendejas-Hernandez Jasmine , Sarafian Joshua T. , Lawton Victoria G. , Anderson Lauren G. , Jones III John P. , Parker William
Published: March 2022

A growing body of literature suggests a causative relationship between severe adverse neurological outcomes and early life exposure to paracetamol (acetaminophen) in the presence of oxidative stress. Review of the literature revealed that, although its use is not regularly monitored, paracetamol has achieved near universal acceptance, with exposure in some pediatric populations exceeding 90%. In addition, use of the drug as well as associated adverse outcomes may have risen as a result of pharmaceutical advertising rather than need, and inappropriate use of the drug, both in terms of dose and indication, is widespread. These findings indicate that many clinicians and patients do not, at the present time, evenly weigh the potential risks with the potential benefits of paracetamol exposure early in life. Although retrospective studies might be envisioned to further address the neurodevelopmental risks of paracetamol use during early development, in silico simulations demonstrated that such studies can be thwarted by very high rates of use of the drug combined with associations between paracetamol use and oxidative stressors that act as cofactors in the induction of neurodevelopmental injury. These findings suggest that, despite persistent uncertainty, clinicians and patients should be more aware of available information pointing toward the potential dangers for neurodevelopment of early life exposure to paracetamol. Most importantly, health care workers need to provide a more balanced view, weighing both risks and benefits, when providing advice for patients regarding paracetamol use during periods of brain development.
Rossby Waves in Total Ozone over the Arctic in 2000–2021
Authors: Zhang Chenning , Grytsai Asen , Evtushevsky Oleksandr , Milinevsky Gennadi , Andrienko Yulia , Shulga Valery , Klekociuk Andrew , Rapoport Yuriy , Han Wei
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this work is to study Rossby wave parameters in total ozone over Arctic in 2000–2021. We consider the averages in the January–March period, when stratospheric trace gases (including ozone) in sudden stratospheric warming events are strongly disturbed by planetary waves. To characterize the wave parameters, we analyzed ozone data at the latitudes of 50° N (the sub-vortex area), 60° N (the polar vortex edge) and 70° N (inner region of the polar vortex). Total ozone column (TOC) measurements during 22-year time interval were used from Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) / Earth Probe and Ozone Mapping Instrument (OMI) / Aura satellite observations. The total ozone zonal distribution and variations in the parameters of the Fourier spectral components with zonal wave numbers m = 1–5 are presented. Daily and interannual variations in TOC, amplitudes and phases of spectral wave components, and linear trends of the quasi-stationary wave 1 (QSW1) amplitudes are discussed. The positive TOC peaks inside the vortex in 2010 and 2018 alternate with negative ones in 2011 and 2020. The latter TOC anomalies correspond to severe depletion of stratospheric ozone over the Arctic in the strong vortex conditions due to anomalously low activity of planetary waves. Variations in TOC in sub-vortex region exhibit the statistically significant negative trend –4.8±5.4 DU decade–1 in QSW1 amplitude, while the trend is statistically insignificant at the vortex edge region due to increased TOC variability. Processes associated with polar vortex dynamics are discussed, including quasi-stationary vortex asymmetry and quasi-circumpolar migration of the wave-1 phase at the vortex edge.
Indirect field-oriented control of twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer
Authors: Zablodskiy M. M. , Pliuhin V. E. , Kovalchuk S. I. , Tietieriev V. O.
Published: March 2022

Goal. Development of a mathematical model of indirect field-oriented control of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer. Methodology. The paper presents a mathematical model of Indirect field-oriented control of twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer. The mathematical model was developed in the MATLAB / Simulink software environment. The determination of the main parameters of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer was carried out by developing a finite element model in the Comsol Multiphysics software environment. Results. Based on the results of a mathematical study, graphical dependences of the distribution of magnetic induction in the air gap of a ferromagnetic rotor, a spatial representation of the distribution of magnetic induction on a 3D model of a ferromagnetic rotor of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer were obtained. The results of finite element modeling were confirmed by a practical study of a mock-up of a ferromagnetic rotor of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer. By implementing the MATLAB / Simulink model, graphical dependences of the parameters of the ferromagnetic rotor of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer are obtained under the condition of a stepwise change in the torque and a cyclic change in the angular velocity. Originality. The paper presents an implementation of the method of indirect field-oriented control for controlling the ferromagnetic rotor of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer. The work takes into account the complex design of the ferromagnetic rotor of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer. Practical significance. The practical implementation of the results of mathematical modeling makes it possible to achieve effective control of a complex electromechanical system, allows further research to maintain the necessary parameters of the technological process and to develop more complex intelligent control systems in the future.
Analysis of the strategies for managing extended-range electric vehicle powertrain in the urban driving cycle
Authors: Lasocki J. , Krawczyk P. , Kopczyński A. , Roszczyk P. , Hajduga A.
Published: March 2022

Introduction. An Extended-Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) is a type of electric vehicle that uses an additional internal combustion engine (ICE) to charge the battery in order to provide the vehicle with a greater range than in electric only mode. Purpose. Analysis and comparison of the performance of EREV powertrain managed according to three control strategies: pure electric mode, hybrid mode with ICE constantly working, and hybrid mode with ICE working only at high power demand. Methods. The tests were carried out using a laboratory test stand that represented the structure of EREV powertrain. Liquefied petroleum gas was used as a fuel to supply the ICE. The test conditions were defined by a special driving cycle simulating urban driving. Results. Time series plots of selected parameters of electric motor, electrochemical battery pack, range extender generator and active load system. Practical value. Among the considered control strategies of EREV powertrain, the energy balance of the electrochemical battery is negative for a purely electric mode, significantly positive for continuous range extenders (REXs) operation mode and moderately positive for the mode with REX activation only in dynamic states.
Pemanfaatan Citra Satelit Landsat 8 Dan Sentinel 2A Dalam Identifikasi Lahan Kritis Mangrove Di Wilayah Kecamatan Ciemas Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: Firmansyah Adi , Efri Triana Nur Arifin  , Ilham Nurfalah  , Riki Ridwana  , Shafira Himayah
Published: March 2022

Hutan mangrove merupakan salah satu ekosistem pesisir tropis atau sub-tropis yang sangat dinamis serta mempunyai produktivitas dan nilai ekologis yang tinggi. Ekosistem mangrove merupakan salah satu ekosistem pesisir yang mengalami dampak perubahan akibat terjadinya perubahan iklim dan aktivitas manusia. Kecamatan Ciemas adalah wilayah yang menjadi tempat konservasi dan sentra wisata mangrove di provinsi Jawa Barat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat kerentanan lahan kritis ekosistem mangrove di wilayah Kecamatan Ciemas Kabupaten Sukabumi. Metode yang digunakan adalah skoring dan pembobotan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi Penginderaan Jauh dan Sistem Informasi Geografis. Parameter yang digunakan diantaranya adalah penggunaan lahan, kerapatan vegetasi, kerapatan tajuk mangrove, dan jenis tanah atau kepekaannya terhadap abrasi atau erosi. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah pada citra Landsat 8 sebaran lahan kritis mangrove kategori rusak berat tersebar di dekat daerah pesisir. lalu untuk kategori rusak berada menyebar di daerah pesisir dan di pinggiran sungai. Sedangkan untuk hasil dari citra Sentinel 2A, sebaran lahan kritis mangrove dengan kategori rusak berat hanya berada pada titik tertentu dan mempunyai luasan paling kecil, dan untuk sebaran lahan kritis mangrove dengan kategori rusak mempunyai luasan paling besar.

Kata Kunci : Lahan Kritis, Mangrove, Sistem Informasi Geografis, Kabupaten Sukabumi

Abstract : Mangrove forest is one of the tropical or sub-tropical coastal ecosystems which is very dynamic and has high productivity and ecological value. The mangrove ecosystem is one of the coastal ecosystems that is experiencing the impact of change due to climate change and human activities. Ciemas sub-district is an area that is a conservation area and a tourist center for mangroves in West Java province. The purpose of this study was to identify the level of vulnerability of critical mangrove ecosystems in the Ciemas District, Sukabumi Regency. The method used is scoring and weighting using Remote Sensing technology and Geographic Information Systems. The parameters used include land use, vegetation density, mangrove canopy density, and soil type or its sensitivity to abrasion or erosion. The results obtained are in the Landsat 8 image, the distribution of critical mangrove lands in the severely damaged category is scattered near the coastal areas. then the damaged category is spread out in coastal areas and along river banks. Whereas for the results of the Sentinel 2A image, the distribution of critical mangrove land with the severely damaged category is only at a certain point and has the smallest area, and for the distribution of critical mangrove land with the damaged category has the largest area.

Keywords : Critical Land, Mangroves, Geographic Information System, Sukabumi Regency
Mendukung Sistem Basis Data Spasial Desa Cibodas dengan Kegiatan Pemetaan Partisipatif Menggunakan Platform Openstreetmap
Authors: Iqbal Eko Noviandi  , Garnis Pandan Wangi , Devi Muhamad Ramdhan , Jarry Febga , Naufal Hafizhan Syahi , Arif Ismail , Alnidi Bratanegara
Published: March 2022

Desa merupakan sebuah satuan administrasi yang terdiri dari beberapa RW. Desa berada dibawah naungan Kabupaten sehingga beberapa desa relatif jauh dari pusat perkotaan. Di Indonesia, pemetaan partisipatif Openstreetmap relatif detail akan data spasial pada daerah perkotaan sementara untuk daerah pedesaan, data spasial sebagian besar belum dibuat atau terpetakan dengan baik. Penelitian ini mengambil kasus di Desa Cibodas Kecamatan Lembang dengan tujuan memetakan dan memperkaya data spasial Desa Cibodas dan memanfaatkan data spasial partisipatif untuk berbagai macam pemanfaatan. Salah satu pemanfaatan yang dilakukan adalah pemetaan keterjangkauan. Data sepenuhnya bersumber pada Openstreetmap sehingga hasil dari pemanfaatan data spasial Openstreetmap ini bergantung pada partisipasi kontributor Openstreetmap pada daerah Cibodas beserta anggota kelompok dalam penelitian ini.
Modelling Can Reduce Contamination from Mosquito Population Control
Authors: Djerdj Tamara , Hackenberger Domagoj K. , Klanjšček Tin , Hackenberger Branimir K.
Published: March 2022

Environmental contamination due to pest control in general, and mosquito control in particular, is an important issue expected to increase with climate change. We use a validated model for population dynamics of mosquitoes and historical environmental data to explore performance of larvicidal, adulticidal, and combined treatments. Results show that depending on treatment timing, larvicidal treatments can induce very good results, or have negative outcomes that increase overall mosquito population. Combined larvicidal and adulticidal treatments, however, exhibit much lesser dependence on timing, and therefore give the greatest chance of positive outcomes if environmental conditions are not known. Based on the results, we argue for adaptive mosquito management, in which weather data and forecasts are used to drive a model that identifies best intervals for insecticide use. Such an approach can have considerably better results than static, calendar-driven management and, therefore, considerably reduce environmental contamination. Adaptive management could consider larvicidal treatment because it gives good results if the timing is correct. Static management should, however, combine larvicidal and adulticidal treatments for the greatest chance of success.
Centella asiatica fraction-3 suppresses Nrf-2 antioxidant pathway and enhances apoptotic cell death in HEK293 kidney cells
Authors: Naidoo Dhaneshree , Phulukdaree Alisha , Krishnan Anand , Chuturgoon Anil , Sewram Vikash
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe traditional medicinal plant Centella asiatica (C. asiatica) is commonly used in Chinese and Ayuvedic medicine due to its vast range of therapeutic properties. Previously, the ethanolic C. asiatica leaf extract was subjected to silica column fractionation and the C3 fraction was obtained. We investigated the antioxidant and anti-proliferative effects of C3 in embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells.MethodsIn HEK293 cells, C3 cytotoxicity was assessed (Viability assay; 24 hours; [0.2–3 mg/ml]) and a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) determined. Malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (spectrophotometry), mitochondrial depolarization (Δψm), intracellular reactive oxygen species (flow cytometry), glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) concentrations, caspase activities, ATP levels (luminometry) and fragmentation of DNA (SCGE assay) were evaluated. Protein expressions were assessed by western blotting. Gene expressions were quantified by qPCR.ResultsCell viability in HEK293 cells was decreased in a dose dependent manner by C3. MDA, Δψm, LDH, caspase activities and DNA fragmentation (p < 0.0004) were significantly increased by C3. Nrf-2 protein expression, GSH and GSSG concentrations were increased whereas antioxidant (Nrf-2, GPx, SOD and CAT) gene expression was significantly decreased by C3 (p < 0.001). C3 decreased both Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression (p < 0.03). Gene expression of c-myc was significantly increased whereas OGG-1 was significantly reduced by C3 (p < 0.05).ConclusionCentella asiatica extract, C3, reduced antioxidant gene expression and elevated anti-proliferative effects in HEK293 cells, suggesting that C3 is potentially toxic to kidney cells at high concentrations thus rendering cause for concern from its association with human use.
Meaning in life and its relationship with family cohesion: a survey of palliative care patients in China
Authors: Liu Xiaocheng , Wu Xiaoying , Cheng Qinqin , Ying Wenjuan , Gong Xiaoling , Lu Dali , Zhang Yan , Liu Zhili
Published: March 2022

Purpose: Meaning in life (MIL) and family cohesion are important concerns for the palliative care population; however, evidence of the relationship between MIL and family cohesion is scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between meaning in life and family cohesion, and explore the factors that influence MIL among the palliative care population.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 205 patients with advanced cancer were recruited from two palliative care units in China. Data were collected using the Meaning in Life Scale (MiLS), the family cohesion subscale of the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale, second edition, Chinese version, and the Karnofsky Performance Status Scale (KPS). Multivariate linear regression models were used to examine the relationship between family cohesion and perceived MIL, and to identify the potential predictors of participants’ MiLS score.Results: The mean MiLS score was 100.90 (9.17). The results showed that family cohesion (r = 0.313, p < 0.01) and KPS scores (r = 0.311, p < 0.01) were positively correlated with MiLS scores. Multivariate linear regression revealed that MIL was significantly predicted by family cohesion, KPS score, sex, religiosity, whether participants lived alone, and their medical insurance payment method (F = 13.870, p < 0.01, R2 = 27.5%).Conclusions: Our findings indicate a positive relationship between family cohesion and MIL, suggesting that clinicians should consider increasing patients’ family cohesion as an approach to enhance perceived MIL.
White Blood Cell Count and Serum Cytokine Profile in Tropical Hardwood Workers in Kumasi
Authors: Ennin Isaac Ekow , Frempong Margaret Agyei , Dodoo Daniel , Yeboah Francis A. , Maalman Raymond Saa-Eru
Published: March 2022

Background
Occupational exposure to wood dust particles has long been reported of its associated varying degrees of negative health effects due to different extractive chemicals present in the various timber species. However, tropical hardwood is also reported to have higher levels of extractive chemicals of anti-histamine, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In Ghana woodworkers have for years been exposed to wood dust from mixed tropical hardwood species, with little or no protective equipment such as nose masks, yet with less significant respiratory conditions. This study seeks to investigate the serum cytokine profile in tropical hardwood workers in Kumasi to provide a better understanding of the immunoregulatory pattern activated in the woodworkers.
Method
The study was carried out among woodworkers, teachers and security men located in Kumasi. A cross-sectional sampling of adult male workers was selected to participate in the study (86 woodworkers and 89 non-woodworkers). Participants donated blood collected by venepuncture into EDTA tubes and spun to separate serum for cytokine assay. Cytokines including IFN-Gamma, IL-1β, IL- 2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13 and IL-17 were assayed using the Human Premixed Multi-analyte kit (R&D System, Inc. Minneapolis, USA) following the manufacturer’s procedure. The cytokine levels were quantified using the Luminex*200 analyser.
Results
The mean concentration levels for the various cytokines were significantly different (p < 0.05) between woodworkers and non-wood workers except IL-2. There were significantly increased levels of Th1 and Th2 cytokines expressed in the woodworkers more than the non-wood workers.
Conclusions
The results from this study reveal that exposed woodworkers of mixed tropical hardwood species show a high level of Th1 and Th2 cytokines in their serum than non-woodworkers.