bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring Disease Activity and Damage with Validated Metrics: A Systematic Review on Mortality and Damage in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Keeling Stephanie O. , Vandermeer Ben , Medina Jorge , Chatterley Trish , Nevskaya Tatiana , Pope Janet , Alaburubalnabi Zainab , Bissonauth Asvina , Touma Zahi
Published: August 2018

Objective.

To identify the effect of disease activity and damage, measured by validated indices, on mortality and damage accrual, in order to inform upcoming Canadian systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) recommendations.

Methods.

Following GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology to fill in evidence-to-decision tables to create recommendations for “minimal investigations needed to monitor SLE patients at baseline and subsequent visits,” a systematic literature review was performed. The effect of disease activity and damage, measured by validated metrics, on mortality and damage was systematically reviewed, with metaanalyses performed when available.

Results.

A title/abstract screen of 5599 articles identified 816 articles for full paper review, with 102 meeting inclusion criteria and 53 with extractable data. Thirty-three articles describing outcomes related to disease activity and 20 articles related to damage were identified. Mortality was associated with higher SLE Disease Activity Index-2000 scores in 6 studies (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.06–1.22) and higher Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/ACR Damage Index scores in 6 studies (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.28–1.83). Higher SLE Activity Measure scores were associated with increased risk of damage in 3 studies (OR 1.06, 95% CI 1.04–1.08). British Isles Lupus Assessment Group was associated with mortality in 1 study with HR of 1.15.

Conclusion.

Active SLE disease and damage are associated with and predict greater mortality and damage. The use of validated disease activity and damage metrics is important in the assessment of disease activity and damage and will inform upcoming Canadian recommendations for the assessment of SLE.
Visual Servo Kinematic Control for Robotic Manipulators
Authors: Zhu Zheng Hong , Dong Gangqi
Published: August 2018

In the last couple of decades, massive industrial application demands greatly accelerated the advances of control theories for robotic manipulator. However, the autonomous robotic capture is still facing many technical challenges. A novel visual servo kinematic control scheme for robotic manipulators to perform autonomous capture operation of a non-cooperative target is presented. An integrated algorithm of the photogrammetry and the adaptive extended Kalman filter is introduced to estimate the position and orientation of the target. In order to improve the reliability of the robotic control and to avoid the multiple solutions problem of inverse kinematics, a kinematics-based incremental control approach is adopted to control the robotic manipulator in real time. Validating experiments are performed on a custom built robotic manipulator with an eye-in-hand configuration. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control visual servo kinematic control scheme.
Towards Multiple-Layer Self-Adaptations of Multi-Agent Organizations Using Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Mao Xinjun , Dong Menggao , Zhu Haibin
Published: August 2018

This chapter proposes a multi-agent organization model for self-adaptive software to examine the autonomous components and their self-adaptation that can be occurred at either the fine-grain behavior layer of a software agent or the coarse-grain organization layer of the roles that the agent plays. The authors design two-layer self-adaptation mechanisms and combine them with reinforcement learning together to tackle the uncertainty issues of self-adaptation, which enables software agents to make decisions on self-adaptation by learning at run-time to deal with various unanticipated changes. The reinforcement learning algorithms supporting fine-grain and coarse-grain adaptation mechanisms are designed. In order to support the development of self-adaptive software, the software architecture for individual agents, the development process and the software framework are proposed. A sample is developed in detail to illustrate our method and experiments are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach.
Ethics and Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Garg Renuka , Yadav Subhash
Published: August 2018

The authors highlight that it was the personal spiritual experience of the founders which slowly evolved into an ethical-spiritual social organization. The researchers suggest that ethical social entrepreneurship is the result of an intense yearning on the part of the social entrepreneur to serve and advance the wellbeing of people and the environment around them. These personal values of the social entrepreneurs impel a process of help and resource contribution from like-minded people and institutions which result in the formation of a social organization based on ethical intentions. The study proposes a new subdomain of social entrepreneurship which focuses on the subjective, individual, personal values of the social entrepreneur which result in the formation of the social enterprise. The present study is an attempt to highlight the role of own values in the creation and evolution of a social enterprise. It is an attempt to explore the relationship between ethics and social entrepreneurship with the help of three case studies of social enterprises in South Gujarat, India.
Corporate Social Entrepreneurship
Authors: Vallejo-Fiallos M. del Rocío
Published: August 2018

Entrepreneurship is a strategic opportunity for human development, on which MNCs play a vital role in the spillover effect. This chapter aims (1) to illustrate corporate social entrepreneurship (CSE) practices to generate social value and (2) to explore their ethical constraint alleviation. Using an internet-mediated research, a sustainability analysis of seventy companies from different countries and sizes evidenced that CSE is a tool for economic growth and good governance. This study brings new insights to the field of CSR and its role in sustainability by incorporating the entrepreneurship discipline. A corporate social innovation business model is proposed as a core business strategy. Also, Ecuadorian CSE practices and their different perspectives can serve as references for future studies.
University Social Responsibility and Its Effects on the Promotion of Entrepreneurship and Growth
Authors: Vega-Muñoz Alejandro , Martínez-Villanueva Claudia , Salazar-Sepúlveda Guido
Published: August 2018

From a descriptive-functional paradigm, this study explores how universities contribute to the promotion of entrepreneurship and the growth of small and medium enterprises in Chile. This fact constitutes the first approximation to the phenomenon of installing a national network of business development centers driven by the Technical Cooperation Service (SERCOTEC, for its acronym in Spanish), a private law corporation and a body dependent on the Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism of Chile. The study uses a qualitative methodology of phenomenological order, and it concludes as of diverse experiences about the achievements evidenced by a group of sixteen business owners advised by these centers from different locations of Chile.
Entrepreneurial Quality and Economic Crisis in the Eurozone Countries Driven by Innovation
Authors: Saiz-Alvarez Jose Manuel , Martínez Alicia Coduras
Published: August 2018

Most of the nations forming the Eurozone are hoping to boost entrepreneurship as one of the leading elements for job creation, innovation, and wealth to overcome the economic crisis. However, the quality of the entrepreneurial activity changes when qualified initiatives tend to impact on the economic development, while non-vocational-driven entrepreneurship has a null or little impact on the economy. This research analyzes the average quality of the Eurozone entrepreneurial activity driven by innovation before and after an economic crisis. The primary results of this chapter are (1) the quality of the entrepreneurial activity increases when there is a public-private collaboration to foster entrepreneurship, and (2) long-term unemployment generates necessity entrepreneurship and diminishes entrepreneurial quality.
An Empirical Analysis of the Algerian Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
Authors: Sedkaoui Soraya
Published: August 2018

This study is going to focus on the Algerian entrepreneurship ecosystem by adopting an investigation approach to explore the efficiency of the entrepreneurship process and actions. A proper survey has been conducted among several Algerian entrepreneurs to understand the national entrepreneurial ecosystem: environment, financial capacity, collaboration with the external environment, innovation capacity, etc. This chapter reports the findings of entrepreneurship ecosystem concerning the six entrepreneurship-related domains described by Isenberg to identify and develop. Results show that Algerian efforts still need a lot of enrichment due to the importance of the issue and the need for environmental and technological changes in the country. These changes should be substantially generated depending on the nature of entrepreneurship and should require the necessity of keeping up with these changes especially when shaping strategies and policies to address these challenges.
Microaggressions
Authors: Johnson Natasha N. , Johnson Thaddeus L.
Published: August 2018

Microaggressions are brief and commonplace daily verbal, behavioral, or environmental indignities, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative slights and insults toward people who are not classified within the “normative” standard. Perpetrators of microaggressions are often unaware that they engage in such communications when they interact with people who differ from themselves. This review of microaggressions in its numerous forms seeks to address the current literature regarding aversive behavior and its impacts; this includes investigating the manifestation and influence of everyday “isms,” on the quality of life of those on the receiving end of these acts. Ensuing suggestions regarding institutional-level education, training, and research—particularly in the higher educational realm—in the work towards reducing microaggression-inducing behaviors are discussed.
Architects of Change in the Ivory Tower
Authors: West Nicole M. , Jones Tamara Bertrand
Published: August 2018

Although it is critical to foreground discussions about the historical vestiges of racist and sexist ideologies that are embedded in the experiences of contemporary Black women in the academy, it is equally important to highlight the role these women are playing in challenging the existence of these structures. There are a growing number of Black women student affairs administrators and faculty engaging in professional counterspaces as a strategy to re-architect the reality of their lives in the academy. Two such programs in the U.S., the African American Women's Summit (AAWS) and the Sisters of the Academy Research BootCamp (RBC), were created by, for, and about Black women employed in higher education to redress the problematic environments these women encounter in academia. In this chapter, the authors explore how tenets of Black feminist thought (BFT) and collective movement activism are integral to the AAWS and RBC and clarify the role Black women student affairs administrators and faculty engaged in these professional counterspaces are playing as architects of change in the ivory tower.
Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Tran Ben
Published: August 2018

In Asia, societies have a long history of cultural and religious giving. The idea of businesses giving back to the communities in which they operate is also age old. In many of the countries studied, an alternative discourse encompassing culture, traditional values, and politics provides a socio-economic context and a national backdrop for CSR action. Based on 10 country studies, key elements that define the practice of CSR in Asian companies are cultural influences, classical philanthropy, state capacity, participation in global supply chains, and home-grown corporate misdemeanors. Culture matters to how societies approach CSR. There are important cultural influences on ideas of obligation and responsibility that are significant in the Asian context, and this is where the Asian discourse on CSR diverges from that in the West.
E-Commerce in Logistics and Supply Chain Management
Authors: Kayikci Yasanur
Published: August 2018

As the electronic communication and digital information continue to grow with extensive popularization and application of internet technology, social economy is experiencing a fundamental change. The new economy of e-commerce solutions and global trade have forced companies to redefine their corporate strategies and to redesign their business models. E-commerce is bringing extensive growth and a landscape of continuing change in managing logistics and supply chain operations. This chapter describes the e-commerce and the evolution of logistics and supply chain and trends of e-commerce in logistics and supply chains. It gives a discussion on the integrated e-commerce and e-commerce logistics, and it ends with future research directions and a conclusion.
Sustainable Competitive Advantage With the Balanced Scorecard Approach
Authors: Gomes Jorge , Romão Mário José Batista
Published: August 2018

Why are some firms more successful than others? This question has been intensely debated by strategic management researchers over the last 30 years. Competitive advantage is recognized as being the major cause for explaining top organizational performance and is a fundamental goal of academic strategic management studies. Recently, there has been an increasing amount of empirical research on the subject of competitive advantage and about distinguishing competitive advantage from organizational performance. The relevance of competitive advantage is not simply determined by external factors, but also by those internal sources that have been considered critical for successful organizations.
Investigating the Effect of Rare-Earth Photoanode Doping on Dye-Sensitised Solar Cell Electrical Performance
Authors: Henderson Leaford Nathan , Ferhat Marhoun
Published: August 2018

Renewable energy sources, such as solar energy, could potentially provide an affordable alternative to conventionally generated electricity, especially in locations like the Caribbean which tend to have an abundant solar resource, but also high cost for electricity. Thin film and hybrid solar devices, including Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs), are especially promising energy solutions, due to the low cost of materials and equipment required for their fabrication. In this paper, we investigate the effect of doping titanium dioxide based DSSC photoanodes with lanthanum, cerium, and praseodymium species on the overall performance of the cell, along with results from optimization of the best performing cell formulation according to sintering time and sintering temperature, giving a maximum 39% increase in device efficiency.
Creep of Slurry Squeeze-Cast ZA-27 Zinc Alloy with Different Solid Fractions at 140 °C
Authors: Panpun Chinnarut , Plookphol Thawatchai , Janudom Somjai
Published: August 2018

This research work was aimed at studying creep of a slurry squeeze-cast ZA-27 zinc alloy. The Gas-Induced Semi-Solid (GISS) technique was used for preparing semi-solid metal slurry with two different solid fractions. The ZA-27 alloy slurry was squeeze cast to form plate-like specimens with dimension of 100×100×15 mm3. The tensile specimens were machined from the squeeze-cast plates and heat-treated before mechanical test. Tensile creep tests were performed at 140 °C, at stresses of 20, 40, 60 and 80 MPa, in an ambient air. Two groups of specimens, the low solid fraction ZA-27 alloy (GISS 5s) and the high solid fraction ZA-27 alloy (GISS 15s) were tested for comparison of creep property. The results show that the GISS 5s has longer creep life than the GISS 15s. The power-law creep stress exponents (n) of GISS 5s and GISS 15s are 1.45 and 1.04, respectively. Based on the creep stress exponents found from the present study, it could be concluded that at the temperature of 140 °C and stress between 20 and 80 MPa, creep of both alloys was governed by the diffusional creep mechanism.
Influence of Curing Pressure on Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cemented Clay
Authors: Uchaipichat Anuchit
Published: August 2018

The soil-cement columns are generally installed and cured in the soft clay layers under confining pressure. The strength of the soil-cement columns may be influenced by confining pressure during curing period. In this study, the main objective was to study the influence of curing pressure on unconfined compressive strength of cemented clay. A series of unconfined compression tests was performed on a cement admixed clay sample cured under pressure values of 0 kPa (atmospheric pressure), 25kPa, 50kPa and 100 kPa using a typical unconfined compression equipment. The test samples with values of cement content of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 percent were cured for 28 days.The stress-strain curves obtained from all tests show a peak value of stress. The unconfined compressive strength or peak stress obviously increased with increasing cement content for all curing pressure conditions. It can be observed that the strength of samples gradually increased with curing pressure for cement content of 0.5 percent. For cement contents of 1.0 and 2.0 percent, the strengths of samples cured under pressures of 25 kPa dramatically increased from the strength of samples cured without pressure (0 kPa), however, the strengths of samples for curing pressures of 25, 50 and 100 kPa were not clearly different.
Warming effect on nitrogen fixation in Mediterranean macrophyte sediments
Authors: Garcias-Bonet Neus , Vaquer-Sunyer Raquel , Duarte Carlos M. , Marbà Núria
Published: August 2018

Abstract. The Mediterranean Sea is warming faster than the global Ocean, with important consequences for organisms and biogeochemical cycles. Warming is a major stressor for key marine benthic macrophytes. However, the effect of warming on marine N2 fixation remains unknown, despite the high productivity of macrophytes in oligotrophic waters is partially sustained by the input of new nitrogen (N) into the system by N2 fixation. Here, we assess the impact of warming on N2 fixation rates on three key marine macrophytes: Posidonia oceanica, Cymodocea nodosa, and Caulerpa prolifera. We experimentally measured N2 fixation rates in vegetated and bare sediments at temperatures encompassing current summer mean, projected summer mean and projected summer maximum seawater surface temperatures (SST) by the end of the century under a scenario of moderate greenhouse-gas emissions. We found that N2 fixation rates in vegetated sediments were 2.8-fold higher than in bare sediments at current summer mean SST, with no differences among macrophytes. Currently, the contribution of N2 fixation to macrophytes productivity could account for up to 7 %, 13.8 % and 1.8 % of N requirements for P. oceanica, C. nodosa, and C. prolifera, respectively. We show the temperature dependence of sediment N2 fixation rates. However, the thermal response differed for vegetated sediments, where rates showed an optimum at 31 °C followed by a sharp decrease at 33 °C, and bare sediments, where rates increased along the range of experimental temperatures tested here. The activation energy and Q10 were lower in vegetated sediments than in bare sediments. The projected warming is expected to increase the contribution of N2 fixation to Mediterranean macrophytes' productivity. Therefore, the thermal dependence of N2 fixation might have important consequences for primary production in coastal ecosystems in the context of warming.
57 years (1960–2017) of snow and meteorological observations from a mid-altitude mountain site (Col de Porte, France, 1325 m alt.)
Authors: Lejeune Yves , Dumont Marie , Panel Jean-Michel , Lafaysse Matthieu , Lapalus Philippe , Le Gac Erwan , Lesaffre Bernard , Morin Samuel
Published: August 2018

Abstract. In this paper, we introduce and provide access to a daily (1960–2017) and hourly (1993–2017) dataset of snow and meteorological data measured at the Col de Porte site, 1325 m a.s.l, Charteuse, France. Site metadata and ancillary measurements such as soil properties and masks of the incident solar radiation are also provided. Weekly snow profiles are made available from September 1993 to April 2015. A detailed study of the uncertainties originating from both measurements errors and spatial variability within the measurement site is provided for several variables. We show that the estimates of the ratio of diffuse to total shortwave broadband irradiance is affected by an uncertainty of ± 0.21. The estimated root mean squared deviation, that can be mainly attributed to spatial variability, is ± 10 cm for snow depth, ± 25 kg m−2 for snow water and ± 1 K for soil temperature (± 0.4 K during the snow season). The daily dataset can be used to quantify the effect of climate change at this site with a reduction of the mean snow depth (Dec. 1st to April 30th of 39 cm from 1960–1990 to 1990–2017 and an increase in temperature of + 0.90 K for the same periods. Finally, we show that the daily and hourly datasets are useful and appropriate for driving and evaluating a snowpack model over such a long period. The data are placed on the repository of the Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) datacenter: https://doi.org/10.17178/CRYOBSCLIM.CDP.2018.
Delimitation of Flood Areas Based on Calibrated DEM and
Geoprocessing: Case Study on Uruguay River, Itaqui City, Southern
Brazil
Authors: Araújo Paulo Victor N. , Amaro Venerando E. , Silva Robert M. , Lopes Alexandre B.
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Flooding is a natural disaster which affects thousands of riversides, coastal and/or urban communities causing severe damages. River flood mapping is the process of determining inundation extents and depth by comparing historic river water levels with ground surface elevation referenced. This paper aims to map flood geohazard areas under the influence of the Uruguay River, Itaqui city (Southern Brazil), using calibration Digital Elevation Model (DEM), historic river level data and Geoprocessing techniques. The annual maximum for years of 1942 to 2017, of fluviometric temporal series records of Uruguay River were linked to Brazilian Geodetic System using geometric levelling and submitted the statistical analysis. The DEM was calibrated with Ground Control Points (GCP) of high vertical accuracy based on post-processed high-precision GNSS surveys. Using the temporal series statistical analysis results, was assessed the spatialisation of flood hazard classes on the calibrated DEM and validated. Finally, was visually compared the modelling of the simulated flood level versus flood area on satellite image, which both were registered on the same date. The free DEM calibration model indicated high correspondence with GCPs (R2 = 0.81; p
Occupational Stress among Teachers in Private Senior Secondary Schools in Botswana: Causes and Consequences
Authors: Baliyan Som Pal , Baliyan Pritika Singh , Mokoena Sello
Published: August 2018

Observing the importance of stress among employees, this study was conducted to investigate the causes and effects of stress among private secondary school teachers in Botswana. The specific objectives were to identify the causes of work related stress, to find out the effect of work related stress on performance, to explore and suggest ways of preventing work related stress among teachers. The findings of the study should guide the stakeholders especially policy makers towards reducing the stress in teachers. The study was conducted in two phases; pilot phase and final phase. In pilot phase, sampled teachers were interviewed to collect basic information on teachers stress helped in construction of data collection instrument. In the final phase, data was collected through a survey of 90 stratified random sampled teachers using a validated and reliable questionnaire. The data analysis was done through the descriptive statistics whereby mean and standard deviations were calculated. The school policies contradicting with working environment, too much work load (teaching and extra duties) and pupils indiscipline in class were identified the three most important causes of stress among teachers whereas; low morale and motivation, increase in job dissatisfaction and conflict at work place were the three important effects of stress. Effective planning and implementation, prioritizing work and ignoring the stressor environment were identified the three major ways to reduce stress. It was recommended that possible attempts should be made to reduce workload of teachers. Strategies should be devised and implemented to reduce indiscipline among students. Teachers should focus on proper planning and implantation of their work based on priority.
Ending Poverty: Factors That Might Influence the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Indonesia
Authors: Rassanjani Saddam
Published: August 2018

The eradication of poverty is the top priorities of the Indonesian government. This study examines the poverty reduction program in Indonesia within the framework of the global development agenda that is the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and the discussion focused on Goal 1 (No Poverty). This qualitative research offers a critical review of Goal 1 the SDGs in Indonesia by outlined some potential factors in achieving this gracious mission. And it can be highlighted that; converging of agendas; a collaborative-partnerships; well-established poverty reduction program, alternative funding like Zakat; the innovation of database; and learning from the best practice; are likely will be the key factors that might influence the achievement of SDGs.
Balance de la situación macroeconómica en 2010 y I Trimestre de 2011
Authors: Rodríguez Rommel
Published: August 2018

El artículo destaca que aunque la economía salvadoreña ha mostrado señales de recuperación en 2010, dichas señales son insuficientes para provocar la reactivación productiva que el país necesita.Teoría y Praxis Año 9, No. 19, Julio de 2011, pp.7-20
Thomas Hobbes y Saramago están de acuerdo: “El hombre es el lobo del hombre”
Authors: González Ruth
Published: August 2018

Teoría y Praxis Año 9, No. 19, Julio de 2011, pp.119-121
Efficacy and Safety of Intravenous Chemotherapy during Intensive Treatment Phase in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Feshchenko Yurii , Butov Dmytro , Kuzhko Mykhailo , Gumeniuk Mykola , Butova Tetiana
Published: August 2018

Introduction: The purpose of our study was to examine the efficacy and safety of intravenous chemotherapy during intensive treatment phase in patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (pulmonary TB). Material and methods: The study involved 92 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary TB aged between 20 and 68. All patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary TB and chemosensitive tuberculosis were enrolled in the study. The patients were allocated to two groups. The first (control) group of 46 patients received standard chemotherapy orally. The second (main) group consisted of 46 patients who were prescribed isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol by i.v. transfusion, and pyrazinamide orally as a part of the standard treatment. Results: Symptoms of intoxication and chest manifestations in pulmonary TB patients from the second group were eliminated faster than the same symptoms in the group 1. In the group 2, the mycobacterial clearance in sputum smears was achieved more rapidly, and up to 2 months it was reached in 37 patients (80.43%), while in the control group in 25 patients (54.35%), p = 0.0066. Destruction healing and inflitrative change alleviation after 4 months was reached in 38 patients (82.61%) (in control group—28 (60.87%), (p = 0.0192). No additional negative effects were detected when compared with the control group at any time. Conclusions: Thanks to i.v. chemotherapy, clinical manifestations of the in-patients with pulmonary TB were eliminated faster, severe side effects of anti-TB drugs were not noticed, time of bacterial clearance and healing destruction was shorter, healing frequency of destructions increased and the of residual changes decreased.
Flip-flopping museum objects from physical to digital – and back again. Engaging museum users through 3D scanning, 3D modelling, and 3D printing
Authors: Jakobsen Lise Skytte
Published: August 2018

This article focuses on how 3D technology can support visitors’ engagement with and interpretation of museum objects by offering a movement between physical and digital experiences – a so-called “flip- flopping” process. The article is based on an observation study conducted by the author at an eight day 3D workshop organized by the Danish art museum KUNSTEN Museum of Modern Art Aalborg. The museum invited schools and private visitors, children and adults, to 3D scan two sculptures from the museum collection, remix the scans digitally, 3D print the results, and finally share their remixed sculptures online.This was the first workshop of its kind at a Danish museum. The study examines how the 3D workshop, pulling visitors into the digital-physical flip-flop process of observing and remixing, supports deep and engaging acts of interpretation.
Dublerede danske Guldaldermalerier. En kortlægning af dubleringens effekt på maleriernes fugtfølsomhed
Authors: Andersen Cecil Krarup
Published: August 2018

The National Gallery of Denmark hosts the largest collection of Danish Golden Age paintings from the first half of the nineteenth century. Many of these paintings are reinforced from the back with a canvas. This treatment is called a lining, and the project aims to find out how the different linings applied have changed the physical properties of the paintings. The materials used in the paintings and the linings are therefore analyzed and lined models are tested under different moisture conditions. The aim is to establish what the long-term effects of DVL these linings are and how the linings affect the paintings' sensitivity to moisture.
The economic value of the museum of central Finland
Authors: Tohmo Timo
Published: August 2018

In this article, the limits of the social existence of one museum – the Museum of Central Finland – is studied from an economic point of view by asking visitors and non-visitors to museums how much they are willing to pay as taxpayers for the services of the museum. The theme is from the author’s article dissertation in economics,”Regional Economic Structures in Finland: Analyses of Location and Regional Economic Impact”, which he defended on 3rd August 2007 at the University of Jyväskylä.
En dynamisk kulturarv – Dybbøls 12 metamorfoser
Authors: Andriansen Inge
Published: August 2018

Dybbøl is the brow of a hill located about 30 km north-east of the border between Denmark and Germany. This area was once the former Danish Duchy of Schleswig, which was under German rule in the period from 1864 to 1920. Dybbøl was also the site of intense fighting during the Schleswig-Holstein Revolt of 1848–50 and the Danish-German War of 1864. There are remains of both Danish and German fortifications and earthworks, along with large mass graves in which troops from Denmark, Schleswig-Holstein and Germany lie buried. After a plebiscite about the placing of the border was held in 1920, Schleswig was divided up, and the northern part – which included Dybbøl – became part of Denmark. This was followed by a comprehensive ”Danishification” of the cultural landscape, which had previously been dominated by a large Prussian victory monument and numerous German memorial stones. A Danish national park was set up at Dybbøl in 1924, with the backing of the local population and financial sup- port from a national collection appeal, and formally opened by the Danish prime minister. After this, Dybbøl became the epitome of the institutionalised cultural heritage of the state of Denmark, and would almost certainly be included in any ”cultural canon” of the most significant geographical locations that have helped shape the Danish sense of national identity. However, Dybbøl also features another – less comfortable – aspect of the Danish cultural heritage, bearing witness to Danish acts of vandalism perpetrated against the German monuments found here. Any study of the use of the history associated with Dybbøl uncovers layer upon layer of episodes that speak of conflicting interests and countless metamorphoses that led to the site being imbued with new values and a sequence of new identities. And in step with the resurgence of nationalist sentiments in Denmark since the mid-1980s, there has been a corresponding, strengthened re-annexation of the cultural heritage associated with Dybbøl. The need to cling on to and retain establis- hed, familiar positions and a fundamental sense of belonging are well-known aspects of the process of globalisation, and are seen throughout the world. In Dybbøl, this deep-felt need has resulted in the construction of a Danish fortification, and the Danish flag flying atop the many flagpoles has become more frequent sight. This process can also be interpreted as an expression of Danish foreign policy taking on a more active role in the world.
Permanent og kontemporært. Tidlige variasjoner av en norsk arkitektursamling
Authors: Lending Mari
Published: August 2018

In the mid-1920s, a collection of architectural material was founded on the initiative of the architect Georg Eliassen, in response to an increasing frustration among Norwegian architects over not being able to meet invitations to participate in international architectural exhibitions. Consisting of drawings, photographs and models, this collection was guided by a quite fascinating principle. By being updated every year, while eliminating older projects on a regular basis, the so-called Permanent Collection strove towards achieving absolute contemporaneity. Although founded on an anti-additive, anti-museum impulse, the collection kept increasing. By the mid-1930s, it included hundreds of models and innumerable drawings and photos, and in 1934 it was proposed that the collection could serve as the basis for a Norwegian museum of architecture. This ambition failed to come to fruition, however, and most of the material that had been on frequent display during the late 1920s and early 1930s both in Norway and abroad (e.g. in Kiel, Budapest, Helsinki and Berlin) was later dispersed, lost or destroyed. The objects still in existence have been subjected to a classification that is both confusing and unsatisfactory, as their origins and whereabouts have not been described. Via extensive archival research, this article documents the his- tory of a collection fallen into oblivion, framing it within a wider European context of collecting and exhibiting architecture.
Universities in Transition – Responsibilities for Heritage
Authors: Nørskov Vinnie , Teglhus Hanne
Published: August 2018

Indtryk og stemningsbilleder fra den 7. konference i UMAC, University Museums and Collections, Wien 2007.UMAC blev stiftet ved ICOM generalkonferencen i Barcelona i 2001 og har i løbet af de sidste 7 år ydet en stor indsats for at etablere et netværk for vidensudveksling inden for universitetsmuseerne, blandt andet gennem en meget velfungerede hjemmeside med en database over universitetssamlinger globalt og publicering af alle papers fra møderne.
Sikkerhedskopiering af truede kulturarvsmaterialer
Authors: Kejser Ulla Bøgvad
Published: August 2018

I det følgende vil jeg opridse baggrunden for mit ph.d.-projekt og præsentere projektets problemstillinger og de teorier og metoder jeg arbejder med for at belyse dem. Projektet har arbejdstitlen ’Modellering af omkostninger og nytteværdi af forskellige tekniske løsninger for sikkerhedskopiering af truede kulturarvsmaterialer’. Jeg er indskrevet ved Konservatorskolen i København (2006-2009) og gennemfører projektet på 3⁄4 tid. Ph.d.-stipendiatet samfinansieres af Kulturministeriet og Det Kongelige Bibliotek, hvor jeg også arbejder på 1⁄4 tid som bevaringsspecialist i afdelingen for Digital Bevaring.
Transformation
Authors: Stenbro Rikke
Published: August 2018

– møde mellem fortidig form og fremtidig anvendelse. Den arkitektoniske kulturarvs forandringsprocesser i det museologiserede samfund – gamle og nye parametre for ‘heritage production’.
Kulturarvets lust och last En nordisk konferens om kulturhistorisk musei- och utställningskritik, Umeå universitet, 16.-18.3., 2005
Authors: Christensen Hans Dam
Published: August 2018

Med professor i museologi, Kerstin Smeds, som tovholder afholdtes i marts over tre dage en stor nordisk museologikonference, Kulturarvets lust och last, på Umeå Universitet. Gen- nem tre sessionsoverskrifter, "Museerne som public service", "Utställningens makt och motstånd" samt "Politik & kritik" – tre overskrifter, som druknede undervejs i de mange oplæg – havde den ellers veltilrettelagte konference til hensigt at problematisere museums- og udstillingskritik med særligt blik på de kulturhistoriske museer. Invitationens udgangspunkt var, at der i stigende grad stilles krav om f.eks. resultatsorientering og relevans, hvilket i forbindelse med museumsdomænet har affødt røster om kritik og belysning af museernes aktiviteter.
En performativ museologi
Authors: Silvén Eva
Published: August 2018

Vårnumret av Nordisk Museologi 2004 nådde mig en solig dag denna förhållandevis kyliga sommar. Bakom stugan, i lä för vinden från havet, läste jag hela numret i ett svep, från början till slut. Som medlem av tidskriftens redaktionsråd kände jag redan till rubrikerna på de ingående artiklarna, dem hade redaktören i vanlig ordning sänt oss innan numret gick i tryck. Men det var som alltid lite spännande att se hur han skulle lyckas tvinna en någorlunda gemensam röd tråd genom de till synes rätt så disparata bidragen. Redaktörens makt är stor, om den grundas på erfarenhet och ingående kännedom om ämnesområdet ifråga. Med start i den redaktionella inledningen, genom ingresserna till de enskilda artiklarna och deras inbördes ordning visade det sig att materialet än en gång hade formerats till en spegel av aktuella frågeställningar inom dagens, inte bara nordiska, museologi. Men det blev också något mer än en spegel: särskilt några texter var kritiskt uppfordrande och Per-Uno Ågrens tid som redaktör för Nordisk Museologi visade sig sluta i ett imperativt crescendo.
Tilbageførsel af museumsgenstande fra Danmark til Grønland
Authors: Rosing Emil
Published: August 2018

I 1979 indførtes Grønlands Hjemmestyre, og i forlængelse heraf fulgte en række nye love og landstingsforordninger. Fra 1981 gjaldt således en ny lov om fredning af jordfaste fortidsminder samt en forordning om Grønlands museumsvæsen. I museumsforordningen står blandt andet, at ”det grønlandske museumsvæsen skal virke for sikringen af den grønlandske kulturarv” og at Nunatta Katersugaasivia (eller ”Landsmuseet”, som det dengang hed på dansk) har ansvaret for dette. Landsmuseet fik således status som Grønlands nationale museum. Landsmuseet havde imidlertid kun eksisteret i få år og havde derfor ikke fået oparbejdet en repræsentativ samling, som det nationale museum måtte formodes at råde over.
Klassikern: Museets plats i samtidens bildning och kultur
Authors: Adotevi Stanislas S.
Published: August 2018

Under ICOM's betydelsefulla nionde generalkonferens i Grenoble 1971 framträdde Stanislas Adotevifran dåvarande Dahomey (nu Benin) i Västafrika. Han var en ledande kulturpersonlighet i det frankofona Afrika, ledare för Dahomeys Institut de Recherche Appliquee, under vilket museerna sorterade. Hans svidande kritik av den europeiska museivärlden vackte stort uppseende i Grenoble och har kommit att betraktas som en viktig inspiration for den nya museologi och for ekomuseirörelsen tog form vid den har tidpunkten. Sa åberopas han med utdrag ur talet i Gjestrum-Maures Økomuseumsboka (1988) och med talets inledande avsnitt i Andre Desvallees Vagues, 1 (1992). Hela texten finns publicerad i Le role educatif et culture! du musee. Le musee au service des hommes aujourd'hui et demain, Actes de la 9e Conference generale de l'ICOM. (Paris 1972). Den följande oversättningen är gjord efter utdraget i Vagues. Dock är slutorden hämtade ur originaltexten.
Peter Thonning and the natural historical collections of Denmark's Prince Christian (VIII), 1806-07
Authors: Hopkins Daniel
Published: August 2018

One of the finest natural historical collections in Denmark in the first half of the nineteenth century, toward the end of the age of great private cabinets, was that of King Christian VIII (1786-1848, king from 1839). It was founded as the young Prince Christians instructional collection; the teaching took a strong hold on him, and the prince in time came to possess «a mineralogical and malacological collection of real scientific significance», a collection «to be reckoned with».
Journal of Material Culture
Authors: Gjestrum John Aage
Published: August 2018

Journal of Material Culture er utkommet i 1996 med sin første årgang. Tidsskriftets målsetting er å overskride de tradisjonelle disiplingrensene mellom antropologi, arkeologi, kunsthistorie, historie, kulturgeografi, museologi og etnografi. Studiefeltet er material culture studies, - forholdet mellom gjenstander og sosiale relasjoner, sett uavhengig av fagenes tradisjonelle definering til avgrensninger i tid og rom.
Museernas maktspråk
Authors: Lundberg Bengt
Published: August 2018

Museums - instruments of power The claim for authority associated with the idea of the museum is traced back to the etymological roots of the word and to the early royal and princely collections established to prove the legitimacy of a family or lineage.
Rethinking visual representation; notes on the folklorist and photographer Nils Keyland
Authors: Garnert Jan
Published: August 2018

The camera is a paradoxical instrument. It records, generally speaking, truthfully what is in focus, but it is the photographer who chooses what should be in focus. Therefore, in a sense, any photograph is nothing but a construction by the photographer. This paradox is of some importance to folklorists, ethnologists, and museum curators, I believe, as photographs often play an important part in our fieldwork, as source material in our archives, and as interpretive elements in our exhibitions. Photographs are taken, kept and archived because they are considered to represent valuable meanings for a folkloristic and ethnological understanding of culture and cultural history. At least we usually treat them in our research and in our writings as if they represent important fields of research interests.But, as with every source material, be it interviews, narratives, literary sources or whatever, photographs need to be carefully examined and evaluated. What do they represent? In this article I will discuss the question of representation, using as an example the photographs taken in the early 20th century by Nils Keyland, folklorist and curator at the Nordiska Museet and Skansen in Stockholm.
Den naturhistoriske samling og forskningen
Authors: Kristensen Niels P.
Published: August 2018

Natural history collections and research Among the research activities linked to natural history collections, biological systematics stands out for the topicality conferred upon it by growing concern over the biodiversity crisis. Systematic biologists, most of whom work in natural history museums, are faced with the task of naming and describing/redescribing millions of undescribed or poorly described organisms from rapidly dwindling natural habitats, and of classifying the known organisms according to their phylogenetic affinities, so that all kinds of biological information on all kinds of organisms may be pieced together into coherent patterns.
Klassikeren: Folkemuseene i utlandet og det fremtidige "Musée français des arts et traditions populaires"
Authors: Rivière Georges-Henri
Published: August 2018

Følgende artikkel ble skrevet av GHR i 1936. Han hadde da i 7 år vart underdirektør ved Musee d'Ethnographie du Trocadéro i Paris, og arbeidet med omorganiseringen av dette museet, som i 1937 skulle gjenoppsta som Musee de l'Homme. Han planla samtidig, bl.a. under inspirasjon av de nordiske folkemuseene, løsrivelsen av museets franske avdeling og opprettelsen av et eget fransk folkemuseum, det fremtidige Musee National des Arts et Traditions populaires.Teksten inneholder hovedelementene av den museologiske filosofi som kjennetegner GHRs arbeid. Den beskriver et program for utviklingen av folkemuseene i Frankrike, som GHR gjennom mange vanskeligheter og med mer eller mindre hell, forsøkte gjennomføre under resten av sitt liv.Oversettelsen er ved Marc Maure.
Notiser
Authors: Ågren Per-Uno , Melgaard Inge
Published: August 2018

John H. Falk og Lynn D. Dierking: The Museum ExperienceEilean Hooper-Greenhill: Museums and the shaping of knowledgeGaynor Kavanagh: Museum languagesMusees et visiteurs. Un observatoire permanent des publicsEva Silven-Garnert (red), Verbalt. Visuellt. Materiellt. Om museernas dokumentation och insamlingEva Silven-Gaarnert (red), Tumme med tingen. Om det materiellas roll i museernas samtidsdokumentationEva Silven-Garnert (red), Muntliga moten. Om intervjuer i museernas samtidsdokumentationEva Sturm: Konservierte Welt. Museum und MusealisierungFriedrich Waidacheer, Handbuch der Allgemeinen Museologie
Contemporary collaborations between museums and universities
Authors: Knudsen Line Vestergaard , Simonsen Celia Ekelund
Published: August 2018

Numerous new types of cross-institutional collaborations have been conducted recently at the intersection between museums and universities. Museums of all subject areas have collaborated with university researchers, just as scholars from a broad range of disciplines including communications, media studies, IT and performance design and tourism increasingly collaborate with museums. Based on qualitative evaluation material and autobiographical experiences, this article analyzes a large Danish research project in which collaborations between several museums and universities took place. We investigate how university researchers contributed to the development of museum practices as well as how involvement in museum projects contributed to university research; we then discuss the various professional and practical challenges such collaborations face. Particularly we emphasize “anchorage” as a significant multidimensional concept that was critical to the collaboration outcomes and challenges. By this focus we aim to contribute to future cross-institutional collaborations between museums and universities.
Trosopplæring og gudstjenester. Menighetsutvikling i dybde og bredde
Authors: Leganger-Krogstad Heid
Published: August 2018

Artikkelen gir et empirisk eksempel på at gudstjenester synes å utformes på to ulike måter for å nå to ulike grupper i menigheten: for å gi voksenmenigheten utvikling i dybden mot større åndelig modenhet og innover mot gudstjenestefellesskapet og for å passe inviterte mål­grupper for å nå bredden av kirkemedlemmene. Integreringen av trosopplæringen i gudstjenestene er ikke uprob­lematisk i praksis. Spørsmålene som reises i denne artikkelen er hvordan gudstjenesten inngår i menighetens strategi for utvikling og hvordan menighetens hovedgudstjeneste utfordres av trosopplæringsreformenNøkkelord: gudstjeneste, trosopplæring, bindestreks-gudstjenester, menighetsutvikling