bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum chemerin level in patients with liver cirrhosis and primary and multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma with consideration of insulin level
Authors: Pazgan-Simon Monika , Szymanek-Pasternal Anna , Górka-Dynysiewicz Joanna , Nowicka Anna , Simon Krzysztof , Grzebyk Ewa , Kukla Michał
Published: November 2024

Introduction

The aim of the study was to evaluate chemerin levels as a potentially useful marker in diagnosing early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as well as in HCC staging.

Material and methods

The cohort comprised 76 patients: 45 people with cirrhosis and HCC (including 13 with a single HCC lesion in the liver and 32 with metastatic lesions/spread of HCC in the liver) and 21 people with isolated cirrhosis. The control group included 10 clinically healthy people.

Results

The degree of liver failure in the whole cohort was assessed using the Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score (class A – 34, class B – 28, class C – 4) and using the MELD score (≤ 12 points – 45 and > 12 points – 21 people). Serum chemerin level in patients with liver cirrhosis only was 53.30 ng/ml, in patients with a single HCC lesion 77.01 ng/ml, and in patients with disseminated HCC 83.58 ng/ml. In the control group, the chemerin level was 82.20 µg/ml. When patients with cirrhosis and with/without HCC were divided according to their CTP scores, the level of chemerin was as follows: class A – 83.90 µg/ml, class B – 61 µg/ml, class C – 30.10 µg/ml. For MELD scores ≤ and > 12 it was 75 µg/ml and 58 µg/ml, respectively. For BCLC staging the results were as follows: A – 20.10 µg/ml, B – 20.20 µg/ml, C –19.44 µg/ml.

Conclusions

Chemerin increases with the number of neoplastic lesions and decreases with the progression of liver failure as assessed using the CTP score.
Vještačka inteligencija i pravna zaštita dizajna
Authors: Ivanović Svjetlana
Published: November 2024

The paper deals wiht legal consequences of the application of artificial intelligence in the process of creating a design. Artificial intelligence is used in all segments of life and opens up new opportunities in different areas of creativity. Design means the appearance of the whole or a part of a product and it can be created with the help of artificial intelligence or by artificial intelligence, so we have AI-assisted designs and AI-generated designs. If the design is completely generated by an artificial intelligence system, if there is no input from the designer, such a design cannot be protected by intellectual property law because it is not a human creation. If the designer has used artificial intelligence as an aid, there is a possibility of protection if it is his own contribution, which has to be assessed on case by case basis. The consequences of using a protected design in the process of „training“ an artificial intelligence system are analyzed. Considering the fact that the design can be protected in copyright and design protection law, the similarities and differences between the two forms of protection were pointed out. Finally, an overview of the most significant theoretical approaches on the issue of protection of intellectual creations created using artificial intelligence is given.
Veštačka inteligencija kao sredstvo povrede žiga i kao sredstvo za utvrđivanje povrede žiga
Authors: Radonjanin Andrea
Published: November 2024

The rapid expansion of generative artificial intelligence over the past years raises complex intellectual property related questions. Applying intellectual property principles to generative artificial intelligence triggers various questions, problems, and uncertainties. Within the context of trademark law, artificial intelligence has the potential to play two opposing roles. On one hand, artificial intelligence can be the cause of infringement, perhaps by inadvertently creating or using content that infringes upon existing trademarks. Conversely, it can also serve as an effective preventative tool used to manage trademarks and monitor the use thereof with the aim of addressing potential infringement. The author emphasizes the fact that the fundamental principles of Intellectual Property Law can be applied to AI, similarly to the manner in which they were applied to previous forms of technology. Consequently, the ratio of IP protection remains equally relevant in the new reality.
Los fundamentos del desarrollo de Amazon en España y la evolución de su sistema de reparto de paquetes
Authors: Esteve Segarra Amparo
Published: November 2024

El presente estudio pretende poner el foco precisamente en la gestión del trabajo de la distribución que llega a las puertas de nuestras casas, y, más en concreto, en las personas que realizan el reparto para Amazon. La utilización de esta preposición no es casual. Gran parte de este personal encargado de la distribución no es empleado directo de algunas de las filiales de Amazon, sino que trabaja para empresas contratistas que realizan la «última milla». Esta expresión tiene un interesante doble significado. Alude, por una parte, a las empresas que en el sector logístico realizan el reparto más cercano a los domicilios particulares o lugares de destino de los paquetes. Por otra parte, la locución «última milla» se ha confrontado tradicionalmente con la dureza del último tramo de una maratón, con lo que sería una metáfora de la precariedad laboral del trabajo para estas empresas. No en balde algún trabajo de investigación sindical ha jugado con esta imagen, cambiando el adjetivo last, por el de worst. El estudio analiza el modelo de negocio y la estructura empresarial de gestión del personal de reparto seguida por la compañía y sus implicaciones.
El impacto de los sistemas algorítmicos en los procesos de selección de personal. Análisis jurídico-laboral a la luz del nuevo Reglamento europeo en materia de inteligencia artificial
Authors: Delgado López Inés
Published: November 2024

El empleo de sistemas algorítmicos automatizados en los procesos de selección de personal se encuentra cada vez más normalizado en todas las compañías, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional. Ante su imparable apogeo, y a fin de abordar los controvertidos desafíos éticos y de equidad que plantea su utilización, debemos adoptar medidas eficaces y fructíferas que garanticen los derechos fundamentales de las candidatas y candidatos. En la presente investigación, nos centraremos especialmente en examinar la potencial vulneración del derecho a la no discriminación e igualdad de oportunidades que, al igual que otros derechos fundamentales, puede verse con frecuencia amenazado por la opacidad de los algoritmos, la falta de transparencia en su funcionamiento o, simplemente, por la existencia de sesgos inherentes a los datos utilizados para entrenarlos.
Posteriormente, analizaremos los mecanismos jurídicos de defensa existentes en la actualidad con miras a que los individuos afectados puedan hacer valer sus derechos en el marco de los procesos de reclutamiento algorítmico. Enfocándonos, concretamente, en los instrumentos de tutela judicial y en el papel de la negociación colectiva en la implantación y uso de sistemas algorítmicos en la empresa, determinando si realmente la representación legal de las personas trabajadoras ostenta capacidad de negociación y diálogo en esta materia.
Todo ello lo estudiaremos teniendo especialmente presente el nuevo Reglamento europeo en materia de inteligencia artificial, que sin duda promete convertirse en una herramienta clave de cara a forjar una serie de límites a los sistemas algorítmicos en el ámbito de la empresa, incentivando una innovación responsable y consolidando al fin un marco legal uniforme en la materia a nivel europeo.
Compatibilidad en el sector público de un contrato fijo discontinuo con otros contratos de trabajo en los periodos de inactividad
Authors: Boltaina Bosch Xavier
Published: November 2024

La Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo, Sala de lo Contencioso-Administrativo, 1164/2024, de 1 de julio, ha declarado que es posible la compatibilidad en la prestación de servicios entre un trabajo principal en el sector público, con carácter fijo discontinuo, y otro segundo puesto de trabajo también en el sector público, con carácter temporal, en los periodos de no prestación de servicios por inactividad.
Effect of Cooperative Learning Technique on Students’ Performance in Carpentry and Joinery Works in Technical Colleges in Edo State
Authors: Stephen Ayemwenre AIGBODUWA, , Festus ENESI, , Napoleon Eromosele AIRERUOR,
Published: November 2024

The study examined the effect of cooperative learning technique on students’ performance in carpentry and joinery works in technical colleges in Edo State. One research question and one hypothesis were raised to guide the study. The hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted quasi-experimental research design, precisely the pretest and posttest non-equivalent control group design. The population of the study comprised all the 38 Vocational II students’ offering Carpentry and Joinery work in three out of the six technical colleges in Edo State. Three intact classes were used which was made up of the 38 students; purposive sampling technique was used to select the students offering carpentry and joinery works in the technical colleges in Edo State. The instrument for data collection was titled; Carpentry and Joinery Works Achievement Test (CJWAT), which was subjected to content validity by three experts of which two of them are from the department of Vocational and Technical Education, Faculty of Education, Ambrose Alli University Ekpoma, and one from the department of Measurement and Evaluation, University of Benin (UNIBEN) both of Edo State. The experts were requested to assess the items in terms of appropriateness in addressing the problem of the study and research question under investigation. Their suggestions and recommendations were in-cooperated in the final draft of the instrument. The instrument was subjected to test-pretest reliability test technique. The reliability coefficient was calculated using Cronbach-Alpha coefficient which yielded reliability value of 0.72. The data collected were analyzed using Mean and Standard Deviation and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Mean and standard deviation were used to analyze the research question and ANCOVA was used to test the hypothesis. The result shows that difference existed between the pretest and posttest mean score of students’ taught Carpentry and Joinery Works using cooperative learning technique and Conventional Teaching Method. The researcher suggested that one of the best teaching strategies for teaching and learning carpentry and joinery works is to implement cooperative learning, based on the findings.
Bridging the Gap: A Sociological Review of Agricultural Development Strategies for Food Security and Nutrition
Authors: Adebimpe Oluwabukade Adefila  , Oluwatosin Omotola Ajayi  , Adekunle Stephen Toromade  , Ngodoo Joy Sam-Bulya
Published: November 2024

This sociological review examines agricultural development strategies for enhancing food security and nutrition through the lens of social dynamics. Agricultural development, while primarily associated with economic and technological advancements, is equally shaped by sociocultural factors that impact food production, distribution, and consumption patterns. By reviewing literature on the sociological aspects of agricultural development, this paper explores how community organization, social support networks, and cultural practices critically influence food security outcomes. Effective community organization and collaborative networks enhance local capacities for food production, improve access to agricultural resources, and facilitate knowledge sharing among farmers, which collectively bolster food resilience. Additionally, cultural practices related to food preparation, storage, and dietary preferences play a vital role in determining nutritional outcomes and influence how communities respond to agricultural innovations. Social support networks, particularly in rural communities, are essential for cushioning households against food insecurity and supporting adaptive practices in response to changing agricultural landscapes. The review further identifies gaps in current research on the sociological drivers of food security and nutrition, advocating for future studies to investigate the role of social norms in shaping dietary habits across diverse communities. Research is also encouraged to examine how social safety nets and support mechanisms can mitigate food insecurity, especially among vulnerable populations such as low-income households, women, and children. These insights could inform agricultural policies that are sensitive to social contexts and promote equitable food access. Addressing sociological dimensions in agricultural strategies not only strengthens food security efforts but also supports sustainable nutrition outcomes.
Keywords: Agricultural Development, Food Security, Nutrition, Sociological Review, Community Organization, Social Support Networks.
AI-Driven end-to-end workflow optimization and automation system for SMEs
Authors: Kamal Ola Al-Amin  , Chikezie Paul-Mikki Ewim  , Abbey Ngochindo Igwe  , Onyeka Chrisanctus Ofodile
Published: November 2024

An AI-driven end-to-end workflow optimization and automation system can revolutionize small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by addressing inefficiencies and resource constraints that hinder productivity and growth. These enterprises often rely on manual processes and fragmented data systems, limiting their ability to scale and compete effectively. Through AI integration, SMEs can enhance productivity, reduce errors, and drive growth, making them more resilient in a competitive landscape. AI-driven workflow optimization combines several core technologies: data integration, process mapping, predictive analytics, and automation through tools like Robotic Process Automation (RPA). Data integration consolidates disparate data sources into a centralized repository, allowing for a comprehensive view of operations. AI algorithms analyze this data to map current workflows, identify bottlenecks, and suggest optimal pathways for task completion. Predictive analytics enables SMEs to make informed decisions, forecast demand, and optimize supply chain processes, while RPA automates repetitive tasks, reducing human error and allowing employees to focus on more strategic activities. An AI-driven system offers key advantages to SMEs, including increased efficiency, cost savings, and enhanced decision-making. By automating routine tasks such as invoice processing, inventory management, and customer service responses, SMEs can reduce operational costs and increase task completion speed. AI-powered dashboards and predictive analytics provide real-time insights into performance metrics, empowering SMEs to make data-driven decisions swiftly. Additionally, AI-based workflow optimization enhances customer experience through faster response times and consistent service quality. Implementing this system follows a phased approach: initial assessment, pilot testing, full-scale deployment, and ongoing improvement. A pilot phase allows SMEs to validate the system’s efficacy within a controlled environment, gathering feedback to refine processes before broader adoption. Training employees to work with AI-based tools and addressing potential resistance are critical to successful implementation. AI-driven workflow automation is essential for SMEs aiming to grow sustainably. While challenges such as data security, integration with legacy systems, and resistance to change exist, the benefits ranging from increased efficiency to scalability outweigh these limitations. For SMEs, adopting AI-driven systems not only enhances current performance but also builds a foundation for long-term resilience and competitiveness.
Keywords:  Artificial Intelligence, Automation System, SMEs.
Optimizing FMCG supply chain management with IOT and cloud computing integration
Authors: Amarachi Queen Olufemi-Phillips  , Onyeka Chrisanctus Ofodile  , Adekunle Stephen Toromade  , Nsisong Louis Eyo-Udo  , Titilope Tosin Adewale
Published: November 2024

The fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG). sector faces immense challenges in supply chain management due to fluctuating consumer demands, inventory management complexities, and the need for rapid delivery. This study proposes a model that integrates Internet of Things (IoT). technology with cloud computing to enhance real-time supply chain management in the FMCG industry. By leveraging IoT devices, such as smart sensors and RFID tags, businesses can collect and transmit data on inventory levels, product movement, and environmental conditions, ensuring a high level of visibility and responsiveness across the supply chain. Cloud computing plays a crucial role in this model by providing a centralized platform for data storage, processing, and analytics. This integration enables FMCG companies to access real-time insights and make data-driven decisions, thereby optimizing inventory levels, reducing stockouts, and minimizing waste. Furthermore, the model incorporates advanced analytics and machine learning algorithms to forecast demand accurately and enhance supply chain efficiency. An essential aspect of this study is the investigation of the impact of 5G technology on the efficiency of IoT applications within the FMCG supply chain. The high-speed connectivity and low latency offered by 5G will significantly enhance data transmission rates and reliability, allowing for seamless communication between IoT devices and cloud platforms. This advancement can lead to faster decision-making processes, improved operational efficiency, and enhanced customer satisfaction. The proposed model not only addresses current challenges in FMCG supply chain management but also prepares businesses for future advancements in technology. By embracing IoT and cloud computing integration, along with the potential of 5G, FMCG companies can develop more agile, resilient, and efficient supply chains. In conclusion, this study highlights the transformative potential of IoT and cloud computing in optimizing FMCG supply chain management while identifying future opportunities for leveraging 5G technology to drive further efficiencies.
Keywords: FMCG, Supply Chain Management, IOT, Cloud Computing, Real-Time Data, 5G Technology, Inventory Optimization, Demand Forecasting, Operational Efficiency.
SÍNDROME DOS OVÁRIOS POLICÍSTICOS E SAÚDE MENTAL: RELAÇÃO ENTRE DISTÚRBIOS DE HUMOR, ANSIEDADE E QUALIDADE DE VIDA EM PACIENTES COM SOP
Authors: Linhares Izabella Lúcia Moreira , Crededio Larissa Cristine , Crededio Letícia Caroline , Queiroz Thays da Silva , Passos Thiemy Iwata , Oliveira Trycia Tibiriçá
Published: November 2024

A Síndrome dos Ovários Policísticos (SOP) é uma condição metabólica e hormonal que exerce um impacto significativo na saúde mental das mulheres afetadas. Este artigo adota uma abordagem integrativa, que inclui uma revisão da literatura, com análise de estudos recentes que investigam a epidemiologia, o impacto clínico e psicológico da SOP, e as intervenções terapêuticas disponíveis. Os resultados indicam que a SOP está associada a uma maior prevalência de problemas de saúde mental, afetando significativamente a qualidade de vida das pacientes. Intervenções como terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC) e eletroacupuntura mostraram-se eficazes na redução dos sintomas de ansiedade e depressão. Além disso, a prática de exercícios físicos foi identificada como uma estratégia valiosa no manejo da SOP, contribuindo para a melhoria do bem-estar emocional. Dessa maneira, destaca-se a necessidade de abordagens integradas que considerem tanto os aspectos físicos quanto os psicológicos da condição, enfatizando a importância de um tratamento holístico para otimizar a saúde e a qualidade de vida das mulheres com SOP.
ANÁLISE DO USO DA ULTRASSONOGRAFIA TRANSVAGINAL NA DETECÇÃO PRECOCE DO CÂNCER DE OVÁRIO
Authors: Santos Nádia Maria de Oliveira , Fernandes Kezi Rios , Martins Lorena Moreira , Lima Maria Luiza Almeida , Requeijo Márcio José Rosa
Published: November 2024

O câncer de ovário é uma das neoplasias ginecológicas mais letais, frequentemente diagnosticado tardiamente em estágios avançados (III ou IV), resultando em baixas taxas de sobrevida em cinco anos. A detecção precoce aumenta as chances de sobrevida, mas é dificultada pela falta de sintomas específicos. A ultrassonografia transvaginal se mostra eficaz no rastreamento e análise de tumores ovarianos, embora ainda enfrente desafios de padronização e precisão. Este estudo visa avaliar a eficácia e os avanços da ultrassonografia transvaginal na detecção precoce, considerando métodos como IRM, algoritmo ROMA, "Simple Rules" do IOTA, ADNEX e inteligência artificial, que ajudam na diferenciação entre tumores benignos e malignos. A combinação dessas ferramentas tem promovido avanços na detecção precoce do câncer de ovário, embora ainda existam desafios na validação em larga escala e padronização desses métodos.
O CONTROLE DA JORNADA DE TRABALHO PARA A PREVENÇÃO DA EXAUSTÃO PROFISSIONAL COMO MEIO DE GARANTIA DOS DIREITOS TRABALHISTAS
Authors: Alves Gabriel Phillipe Costa , Santos Valdivino Passos
Published: November 2024

Este trabalho analisa o controle da jornada de trabalho como uma estratégia fundamental para prevenir a exaustão profissional e garantir os direitos dos trabalhadores. O foco principal é identificar soluções que protejam os colaboradores, especialmente em pequenas empresas, onde a falta de controle pode levar ao desgaste físico e mental. A pesquisa se justifica pela necessidade urgente de abordar o desrespeito à jornada de trabalho, o impacto social do excesso de horas e a proteção dos direitos dos trabalhadores. O método de pesquisa que será utilizado será o dedutivo, que se da viabilidade por meio de pesquisa exploratória, bibliográfica e documental. No que diz respeito a análise de dados serão usadas as técnicas qualitativa e quantitativa buscando a melhorar análise dos resultados encontrados no decorrer da pesquisa. O objetivo geral é verificar a existência de mecanismos de controle de jornada nas empresas, enquanto os objetivos específicos incluem: apresentar os limites constitucionais e legais da jornada de trabalho, discutir a atuação do Estado e dos sindicatos e explorar as dificuldades enfrentadas na comprovação das horas extras. Os resultados indicam que, apesar das regulamentações, a prática enfrenta desafios significativos, exigindo uma fiscalização mais rigorosa. A conclusão destaca que o controle da jornada é essencial para assegurar condições dignas de trabalho e evitar a exaustão profissional.
MANEJO CLÍNICO DE CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES COM HIPOMINERALIZAÇÃO DE ESMALTE
Authors: Melo Cibele Maria Barbosa Almeida , Cruz Márcia Regina Soares , Rego Isabel Cristina Quaresma , Araújo Tainá de Castelo Branco , Neves Tereza Maria Alcântara , Monte Thiago Lima
Published: November 2024

Hipomineralização é um defeito de desenvolvimento do esmalte causada por injúrias ocorridas nos períodos pré-natal, perinatal e pós-natal, configurando uma condição complicada tanto para os pacientes acometidos quanto para o dentista. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre o manejo clínico de crianças e adolescentes com hipomineralização de esmalte, considerando as práticas atuais de diagnóstico e as opções de tratamento disponíveis. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado nas bases de dados PubMed, SCIELO e Busca Virtual em Saúde. O estudo aponta que a hipomineralização de esmalte têm impactos significativos na qualidade de vida dos pacientes e, apesar de ser comumente detectado em molares e incisivos permanentes, há uma associação com os molares e caninos decíduos afetados. Portanto, conclui-se que o diagnóstico precoce dessas anomalias aumenta o sucesso da prevenção das consequências deletérias sobre os dentes afetados.
IMPACTOS DA PERDA PRECOCE DE DENTES DECÍDUOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Pinto Livia dos Santos , Araújo Tainá de Castelo Branco , Monte Thiago Lima , Cruz Marcia Regina Soares , Neves Tereza Maria Alcântara , Rego Isabel Cristina Quaresma
Published: November 2024

Esse artigo buscou analisar a perda precoce de dentes decíduos e suas implicações na odontopediatria. Através de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, foram consultadas bases de dados como PubMed e Scopus, focando em artigos publicados entre 2014 e 2024 que abordassem etiologia, diagnóstico e tratamento desse problema. Os principais resultados indicam que a perda prematura de dentes decíduos não apenas compromete a saúde bucal imediata das crianças, mas também pode causar complicações futuras, como migração dos dentes adjacentes e maloclusões, requerendo intervenções ortodônticas (Gandhi & Gurunathan, 2022). A utilização de mantenedores de espaço mostrou-se essencial para preservar a integridade do arco dentário, porém a falta de padronização nos protocolos de uso entre os profissionais é uma preocupação identificada. Além disso, a relação entre a perda de dentes e condições sistêmicas sugere a necessidade de uma abordagem interdisciplinar no manejo desses casos. As conclusões destacam a importância de intervenções precoces e diretrizes mais rigorosas para melhorar o tratamento e minimizar os impactos adversos da perda dentária na infância.
An extensible perturbed parameter ensemble for the Community Atmosphere Model version 6
Authors: Eidhammer Trude , Gettelman Andrew , Thayer-Calder Katherine , Watson-Parris Duncan , Elsaesser Gregory , Morrison Hugh , van Lier-Walqui Marcus , Song Ci , McCoy Daniel
Published: November 2024

Abstract. This paper documents the methodology and preliminary results from a perturbed parameter ensemble (PPE) technique, where multiple parameters are varied simultaneously and the parameter values are determined with Latin hypercube sampling. This is done with the Community Atmosphere Model version 6 (CAM6), the atmospheric component of the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2). We apply the PPE method to CESM2–CAM6 to understand climate sensitivity to atmospheric physics parameters. The initial simulations vary 45 parameters in the microphysics, convection, turbulence and aerosol schemes with 263 ensemble members. These atmospheric parameters are typically the most uncertain in many climate models. Control simulations and targeted simulations to understand climate forcing due to aerosols and fast climate feedbacks are analyzed. The use of various emulators is explored in the multi-dimensional space mapping input parameters to output metrics. Parameter impacts on various model outputs, such as radiation, cloud and aerosol properties, are evaluated. Machine learning is also used to probe optimal parameter values against observations. Our findings show that PPE is a valuable tool for climate uncertainty analysis. Furthermore, by varying many parameters simultaneously, we find that many different combinations of parameter values can produce results consistent with observations, and thus careful analysis of tuning is important. The CESM2–CAM6 PPE is publicly available and extensible to other configurations to address questions of other model processes in the atmosphere and other model components (e.g., coupling to the land surface).
DETER-RT: The new INPE-TropiSCO deforestation monitoring system in the Amazon biome
Authors: Doblas Juan , Reis Mariane Souza , Mermoz Stéphane , Almeida Claudio Aparecido , Koleck Thierry , Messias Cassiano Gustavo , Soler Luciana , Bouvet Alexandre , Sant’Anna Sidnei J. S.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The Amazon biome, undergoing significant deforestation, requires robust monitoring systems for effective management and conservation. This study introduces DETER-RT, a novel deforestation detection system that combines the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)-based DETER-R and the TropiSCO systems to enhance detection capabilities using Sentinel-1 satellite data. DETER-RT utilizes a double-threshold technique to optimize the detection of deforestation by balancing detection accuracy and minimizing false positives across different forest types and conditions in the Amazon. The new system modulates detection thresholds based on the proximity of new disturbances to previously detected deforestation, incorporating a dynamic, regionalized threshold adjustment to cater to the variable characteristics of the Amazon’s diverse forest cover. Initial results indicate that DETER-RT provides more timely and accurate warnings compared to existing methods, especially during the fire season, where its performance is less impacted by smoke and haze that typically hinder optical sensors. This approach exemplifies the integration of advanced remote sensing technologies and analytical techniques in environmental monitoring.
Evaluation of multiple SAR speckling filter techniques performance in irrigated rice areas
Authors: Garcia Andre Dalla Bernardina , Celeste Jimuel  Jr. , Cheng Irene , Prudente Victor Hugo Rohden , Sanches Ieda Del’Arco
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Monitoring irrigated rice crops is essential for efficient agricultural management, and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images are beneficial due to their capability to function in all weather conditions. However, speckle noise in SAR images complicates the classification of land cover. This study evaluates speckle filtering techniques to enhance the image quality of SAR for rice field monitoring. We extend previous work by comparing Bayesian filters in the spatial domain with advanced transform domain methods, including block matching 3D (BM3D) and Discrete Fourier Transform-extracted Edge (DFT Edge) techniques, across different rice growth stages. Twenty-two Sentinel-1B SAR images from the municipality of Turvo, Santa Catarina, Brazil were analyzed. Filters were assessed using metrics for speckle suppression and edge preservation. Our experiments reveal that BM3D with a sigma parameter of 10 (BM3Dsigma10 ) provided superior results, balancing effective speckle suppression and edge preservation. Specifically, BM3Dsigma10 was superior in preserving edge details compared to other techniques. However, as the σ value increased, a loss in resolution was observed, even for the DFT Edge method, which, while efficient in edge preservation, often resulted in reduced detail resolution. These findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate filtering techniques for accurate agricultural monitoring using SAR data.
A Method for Removing Outlier Noise from ArrayInSAR Point Clouds based on Hybrid Filtering
Authors: Ji Fangfang , Yu Jie , Huang Guoman , Yang Shucheng , Lu Lijun
Published: November 2024

Abstract. Array Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (ArrayInSAR) point cloud is a point cloud obtained by three-dimensional imaging of two-dimensional Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images using array interferometric synthetic aperture radar technology, which can eliminate the phenomenon of layover in two-dimensional images and provide new data support for intelligent mapping. However, due to the influence of system thermal noise, baseline error and environment interference, there are noise points in the ArrayInSAR point cloud with uneven distribution and large elevation error, which bring a lot of gross errors to the 3D terrain results. To solve the problem that discrete points in ArrayInSAR point cloud data seriously affect the quality of three-dimensional data, this paper proposes an ArrayInSAR point cloud outlier noise removal method based on hybrid filtering. According to the distribution pattern of noise points, the outlier noise is divided into discrete outlier noise points and clusters of outlier noise. Firstly, the adaptive segmentation of point cloud dispersion coefficient within the k-neighborhood is used to remove discrete outlier noise points, and then the adaptive threshold segmentation algorithm based on the number of in-class points after K-means clustering is used to remove the cluster outlier noise of ArrayInSAR point cloud data. In order to verify the effectiveness, the proposed method is compared with other classical outlier noise removal methods. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can effectively remove outlier noise in ArrayInSAR point cloud data and improve the quality of ArrayInSAR point clouds.
Improving change detection performance with generative-adversarial augmentation of dataset
Authors: Knyaz Vladimir A. , Kniaz Vladimir V. , Zheltov Sergey Yu.
Published: November 2024

Abstract. The relevance of maps is a prerequisite for most geospatial applications such as navigation, urban planning, cadastre updating, etc. The main source of information used for maps updating is remote sensing, and the progress in sensors and methods of data analysis allows automatically retrieving the changes in observed scene from multi-time image series. Nowadays unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) became a readily available and power mean for acquiring aerial images of a given territory. But solving change detection task using UAV-acquired images has some additional specificity, caused by additional disturbing specifics. This study addresses the problem of improving change detection performance in UAV-acquired imagery. The proposed approach firstly provide accurate image registration based on orthophoto generation, and then uses special technique for augmentation of data, that allows to improve the performance of the network model for change detection. The evaluation of the developed framework on the collected UAV-acquired multi-temporary image dataset has demonstrated change detection improving.
Coleman free aero-elastic stability methods for three- and two-bladed floating wind turbines
Authors: Pamfil Bogdan , Bredmose Henrik , Kim Taeseong
Published: November 2024

Abstract. An accurate prediction of aerodynamic damping is important for floating wind turbines, which can enter into resonant low frequency motion. Since the Coleman transform is not valid for two-bladed floating wind turbines, we here pursue methods that do not rely on it. We derive a time domain model that takes into account the dynamic stall phenomenon and which is used for developing Coleman free aero-eleastic stability analysis methods which can quantify the damping without actual simulation. It contains four structural degrees of freedom, namely the floater's pitch angle and the blade deflection amplitudes, as well as three dynamic stall aerodynamic degrees of freedom, one for each blade. The time domain model is linearized by considering part of the aerodynamic forcing as an added damping contribution. The linearized model is then made time independent through the application of Hill's or Floquet's method. This enables the possibility to carry out a stability analysis where the eigenvalues results obtained with both methods are compared. A first modal analysis serves to demonstrate the influence of aerodynamic damping through the variation of the dynamic stall time constant. Thereafter, a second modal analysis is reported as a Campbell diagram also for cross-comparison of the Hill- and Floquet- based results. Moreover, the blade degrees of freedom are converted from the rotational basis to the non-rotational one using the Coleman transform so that results in both frames can further be cross-validated. Finally, we apply the validated stability methods to a two-bladed floating wind turbine and demonstrate their functionality. The stability analysis for the two-bladed wind turbine yields new insight into the blade modal damping and is discussed with comparison to the three-bladed analysis.
Alien limb syndrome - A systematic literature review of rehabilitation strategies
Authors:   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, David Lekpa K. , Komoni Efe E. ,   Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Published: November 2024

Alien Limb Syndrome (ALS) is a neurological condition that is heavily characterized by involuntary coordinated motor activity in the limbs of the affected individual. They are majorly characterized by opposing movements in the limbs, Sudden Grasps (SGs), and Limb Elevations (LEs). Lesions in the medial frontal lobes, parietal lobes, and corpus callosum are the most prevalent causes of ALS. Since its awareness was heightened in 1964 following the popular movie by Stanley Kubrick, scientists, and health practitioners have experimented with using diverse rehabilitation therapies to correct this condition. These rehabilitation techniques include both pharmacological and physical therapies. However, there have been no clinical trials or standardized therapies adopted. This article reviewed 5 case studies with emphasis on the rehabilitation therapies used and their effectiveness. Pharmacological therapies, which include drugs such as botulinum, proved to drastically improve the patient’s spontaneous LEs and sudden grasps SGs by 84% and 77% then clonazepam improved the LEs and SGs by 73% and 70% respectively. Physical therapies which involved eye-hand coordination showed good results.
Management of unilateral non-syndromic concomitant hypodontia and supernumerary teeth in the mandibular molar region: a rare case report
Authors:   Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysuru-570015, Karnataka, India, Ghosh Susmita , Gehlot Paras Mull ,   Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysuru-570015, Karnataka, India, Hegde Usha ,   Department of Oral Pathology, JSS Dental College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysuru- 570015, Karnataka, India
Published: November 2024

Concomitant hypo-hyperodontia (CHH) is a rare condition that presents with the simultaneous occurrence of hypodontia and supernumerary teeth in the same individual. Even though the exact cause of its occurrence is not known, the combination of two opposite developmental disorders appearing together is mainly attributable to a genetic and environmental cause. In the general population, CHH is rare, and very few cases are published in the literature. This case report hereby presents an incidental finding of a missing mandibular first molar and an atypical unilateral supernumerary parapremolar in a 30-year-old male patient.
N-acetylcysteine attenuates cadmium induced pancreatic injury in adult albino rats: a histological and biochemical study
Authors:   Department of Physiotherapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O.Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Elsaid Amgad Gaber ,   Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, El Askary Ahmad ,   Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O.Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia, Faheem Nermeen Mohammed ,   Department of Physiotherapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O.Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Published: November 2024

Cadmium (Cd), considered as a toxic heavy metal, could affect the tissues by induction of a state of inflammation and oxidative stress. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a synthetic material with free-radical scavenging capability and potent antioxidant properties. NAC has been approved to be a significant protective agent that helps prevent several chronic illnesses. This study was aimed to evaluate the possible role of NAC against Cd-induced pancreatic damage using histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical investigations. Forty male rats (3 months) were divided into four groups (n=10): control group; N-acetylcysteine group, rats received NAC orally (150 mg/kg /day) for 30 days; Cd group, rats received Cd orally (4mg/kg/day) for 30 days; NAC + Cd group. On the 30th day, blood samples and pancreatic specimens were prepared for biochemical, histological, and immunohistological studies. Morphometrical and statistical measurements were done. The NAC + Cd group revealed significantly reduced proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) and oxidative stress parameters (MDA and NO), significantly elevated anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) and anti-oxidative stress parameters (SOD, CAT, GSH), and markedly decreased TNF-α expression when compared to Cd group. NAC supplementation also improved Cd-induced pancreatic vacuolation, nuclear alterations, inflammatory cell infiltration, congestion, and significantly increased TNF-α expression. In conclusion, NAC is effective as a protective agent against Cd-induced pancreatic injury, due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Exploring ghrelin hormone secretagogue receptor and membrane-bound ghrelin O-acyl transferase as potential markers for chondrogenesis in human articular cartilage-derived cells
Authors:   Department of Physiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, Vinod Elizabeth ,   Centre for Stem Cell Research, (A unit of InStem, Bengaluru), Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, Parasuraman Ganesh ,   Centre for Stem Cell Research, (A unit of InStem, Bengaluru), Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, Livingston Abel ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, Rebekah Grace ,   Department of Biostatistics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, Sathishkumar Solomon ,   Department of Physiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India
Published: November 2024

Chondrocytes and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are commonly used in cartilage repair therapies, but the regenerated tissue often contains an admixture of hyaline and fibrocartilaginous tissue. Chondroprogenitor cells (CPCs), a subset of cartilage resident cells, are being investigated for their potential to produce hyaline-like repair tissue. However, identifying distinguishing markers for chondroprogenitors remains challenging due to their similarity to MSCs and their chondrogenic nature. Ghrelin, its receptor Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor (GHSR), and the enzyme membrane-bound Ghrelin O-Acyl Transferase (mBOAT) are implicated in chondrogenesis, with differing expression patterns in chondrocytes versus MSCs. This study examines GHSR and mBOAT as potential markers to differentiate between MSCs and cartilage resident cells. Bone marrow-derived MSCs, chondrocytes, fibronectin adhesion assay-derived CPCs (FAA-CPs), and migratory CPCs (MCPs) from osteoarthritic cartilage donors (n=3) were isolated and cultured to passage 2. Gene expression of GHSR and mBOAT was evaluated using qRT-PCR. While all cell groups showed moderate gene expression, FAA-CPs demonstrated higher GHSR expression, and both progenitor subsets (FAA-CPCs and MCPs) exhibited higher mBOAT levels than BM-MSCs and chondrocytes. However, no significant differences were observed between the cell groups. The study suggests the potential of Ghrelin, GHSR, and mBOAT as markers for chondrogenesis. Previous findings of elevated Ghrelin levels in chondrocytes and this study’s higher GHSR and mBOAT levels in CPCs imply a complex relationship between Ghrelin signalling components and cartilage-derived cells. Further research with larger sample sizes and non-diseased cells is needed to confirm these findings and assess the utility of GHSR and mBOAT as definitive biomarkers for chondrogenesis.
Peran TGH. Salman Alfarisi Terhadap Perkembangan Pendidikan Islam di Desa Loang Maka Kecamatan Janapria Lombok Tengah NTB
Authors: Murdianto Murdianto
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran TGH. Salman Alfarisi dalam mengembangkan pendidikan Islam di Desa Loang Maka, Kecamatan Janapria, Lombok Tengah, NTB. Kajian ini penting dilakukan mengingat kontribusi signifikan tokoh agama dalam pembangunan pendidikan Islam di tingkat lokal. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, untuk penelitian tokoh pendidikan Islam. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipatif, dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data mengadopsi model interaktif Miles & Huberman yang terdiri dari reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa TGH. Salman Alfarisi memiliki tiga peran utama dalam pengembangan pendidikan Islam: (1) sebagai pendiri dan pengembang lembaga pendidikan formal dan non-formal, (2) sebagai agen transformasi sosial-keagamaan masyarakat, dan (3) sebagai pemimpin spiritual yang mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai lokal dengan ajaran Islam. keberhasilan pengembangan pendidikan Islam di daerah sangat ditentukan oleh kemampuan tokoh agama dalam memahami konteks sosial-budaya setempat. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengembangan model kepemimpinan pendidikan Islam berbasis kearifan lokal dan penguatan peran tokoh agama dalam pembangunan pendidikan di daerah.
Employment of people with Down syndrome: A scoping review
Authors: Ting Chuong H. , Rahman Md M. , Chen Yoke Y. , Safii Razitasham , Puteh Sharifa EW. , Saimon Rosalia , Adenan Abg S.
Published: November 2024

Down syndrome is the most prevalent genetic condition contributing to intellectual disability. Advancements in medical care have significantly increased the life expectancy of people with this condition, making employment a vital component for independent living and quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine the current literature on the employability and employment experiences of individuals with Down syndrome, focusing on the evolution of the employment rate and factors influencing employment such as cognitive and personal factors, societal attitudes, challenges, and effective support systems. Using Arksey and O’Malley's methodology, a scoping review of relevant qualitative and quantitative articles from  PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), CINAHL, and Medline was conducted. The search focused on the keywords found in the title and abstract of articles from 1980 to 2023. The search strategy utilized medical subject headings (MeSH), including "work", "Down syndrome", and "employment". All articles employing qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods that were published in English were included. Of an initial 4,296 articles, 32 full-text articles were evaluated, and nine met the inclusion criteria. The data indicated improved employment rates for people with Down syndrome, with a recent employment rate of 53%. However, jobs are often limited to sectors like food service and are underutilizing their skills. Key factors associated with employment status include cognitive abilities, family support, and social attitudes. Despite positive perceptions, significant barriers such as systemic bias persist. Effective support systems are crucial but are often hindered by limited opportunities. In conclusion, employment opportunities for people with Down syndrome have improved, but challenges such as limited job diversity and systemic barriers remain. Comprehensive policies are recommended to promote inclusive employment practices and tailored support systems.