bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in the Cortex Neurons in Single and Fractional Gamma Radiation
Authors: Ushakov I. , Fyodorov Vladimir
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Comparative assessment of radiation-induced changes in neurons of the cerebral cortex after a single and fractionated exposure to ionizing radiation in doses of 0.1 – 1.0 Gy.

Material and methods. The study was carried out in compliance with the rules of bioethics on 180 white outbred male rats at the age of 4 months. by the beginning of the experiment, exposed to a single or fractionated exposure to γ-quanta of 60Co in total doses of 0.1; 0.2; 0.5 and 1.0 Gy. Neuromorphological and histochemical methods were used to assess morphometric and tinctorial parameters of nerve cells, as well as changes in the content of protein and nucleic acids in neurons in the early and late periods of the post-radiation period. Using one-way analysis of variance, a comparative assessment of neuromorphological indicators under various modes of radiation exposure is given.

Results: In the control and irradiated animals throughout their life, undulating changes in the indicators of the state of the neurons of the brain occur with a gradual decrease by the end of the experiment. Despite a number of features of the dynamics of neuromorphological parameters, these irradiation regimes do not cause functionally significant changes in the neurons of the cortex. However, in some periods of the post-radiation period, the changes under the studied irradiation regimes were multidirectional and did not always correspond to age control. Significant differences in the response of neurons to these modes of radiation exposure in the sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex have not been established.

Conclusion: No functionally significant radiation-induced changes in neurons were found either with single or fractionated irradiation. At the same time, different modes of irradiation in general caused the same type of changes in neurons. However, in some periods of observation, changes in neuromorphological parameters under the studied irradiation regimes were not unidirectional and differed from age control, which indicates a possible risk of disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system against the background of other harmful and dangerous factors.
Comparison of the Therapeutic Potential of Rat and Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Conditioned Media in Local Radiation Lesions
Authors: Rastorgueva A. , Astrelina T. , Brunchukov V. , Usupzhanova D. , Kobzeva I. , Nikitina V. , Lischuk S. , Dubova E. , Pavlov K. , Brumberg V. , Samoylov A.
Published: September 2021

Background: To compare the results of the use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of human gingival mucosa and MSCs of rat

gingival mucosa, their conditioned media, and to evaluate their effect on tissue regeneration in local radiation injury (LRI).

Material and methods: The study included 120 white male Wistar rats weighing 210 ± 30 g at the age of 8–12 weeks, randomized into 6

groups (20 animals each): control (C), animals did not receive therapy; control with the introduction of culture medium concentrate (CM)

three times for 1, 14, 21 days; administration of human gingival mucosa MSCs (HM) at a dose of 2 million per 1 kg three times for 1, 14, 21

days; administration of human gingival mucosa MSCS conditioned medium concentrate (HMCM) at a calculated dose of 2 million cells per

1 kg three times for 1, 14, 21 days; administration of rat gingival mucosal MSCs (RM) at a dose of 2 million cells per 1 kg three times for 1,

14, 21 days; administration of rat gingival mucosal MSCS (RMCM) conditioned medium concentrate at a calculated dose of 2 million cells

per 1 kg three times for 1, 14, 21 days. Each laboratory animal was observed 17 times: on 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, 84, 91,

98, 105, 112 day after the burn simulation. Histological (hematoxylin-eosin staining) and immunohistochemical (CD31, CD68, VEGF, PGP

9.5, MMP2,9, Collag 1, TIMP 2) studies were performed. LRI was modeled on an X-ray machine at a dose of 110 Gy. MSCs were cultured

according to the standard method up to 3–5 passages, the conditioned medium was taken and concentrated 10 times. The immunophenotype

of MSCs (CD34, CD45, CD90, CD105, CD73, HLA-DR) and viability (7‑ADD) were determined by flow cytofluorimetry.

Results: In a comparative analysis with the control group (C), starting from the 42nd day of the study, a tendency to reduce the area of

skin ulcers in animals in all groups was observed, despite the fact that not all days had statistically significant differences. On day 112th, complete

healing of skin ulcers in the CM group was observed in 40 % of animals in the HM group – in 60 %, in the HMCM group – in 20 %

of animals, in the RMCM group–20 %, and in the C and RM groups there were no animals with a prolonged wound defect.

Positive expression of the VEGF marker was observed in groups C and CM on the 28th day and in experimental groups (HM, HMCM,

RM, RMCM) on the 112th day. A statistically significant increase in the CD68 marker was observed in groups C, RM, and RMCM, while

the remaining groups showed a decrease in the number of macrophages.
Analysis of the Experience of Participation in Interlaboratory Comparisons of the Radiation Control Laboratory in National Accreditation System
Authors: Poleshchuk A. , Dorokhova O. , Kukhta B. , Bogdanenko N.
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Formation of the idea of laboratories accredited by Accreditation System of Russian Federation, in particular radiation control laboratories, about the possibility of confirming technical competence by means of participation in interlaboratory comparison tests at international level.

Content: Description of the experience of successful passing the international comparisons by radiation control laboratories under up-to-date requirements.

Conclusion: The experience described in the article can be used by accredited laboratories in practice for conformity validation with accreditation criteria.
Justification and Application of Sufficiency Criterion for Measuring the Activity of Uranium Radioisotopes in Biological Samples
Authors: Dashanova E. , Molokanov A. , Korneva E.
Published: September 2021

Purpose: Ensuring the fulfillment of the sufficiency n criterion when measuring the activity of uranium radionuclides in biological samples carried out within the individual monitoring programme by calculation of the uncertainty and characteristics limits for measurements.

Material and methods: The sufficiency criterion definition is given, which determines the maximum value of the decision threshold for measurements carried out for the individual monitoring of workers at which the fact of non-exceeding of the annual dose limit or permissible level takes place, taking into account the uncertainty of the dose assessment. A model approach is used to calculate the sufficiency criterion and characteristics limits when measuring the radioactive material excrected by individual workers. The model approach consisted in the development of a calculation model based on the functional dependence of measured input values on the process of radiochemical preparation and subsequent spectrometric measurement of the sample.

Results: A model has been developed for calculating the activity of uranium radionuclides 234U, 235U and 238U in a biological sample based on the description of the procedure for spectrometric measurement, which consisted in the deposition by the electrolytic method on the target after chromatographic extraction of uranium from the urine sample. The reference radioactive solution of the 232U radionuclide added to the sample as a reference point for determining the efficiency of uranium radionuclide separation (chemical yield). Equations are obtained for calculating the values of the decision threshold and the detection limit for the total activity of the above alpha-emitting uranium radionuclides. Using these equations, the dependence of the decision threshold and the detection limit on measurement time is determined for the given input data. This allows planning the measurement time at which the activity of uranium radionuclides in the sample can be determined reliably or at which the sufficiency criterion of the measurement method will be provided (necessary in the case when the activity is not detected, that is, the measurement result is less than the decision threshold). The values of the activity of uranium radionuclides 234U, 235U and 238U and the corresponding characteristics limits for the measurement were calculated on the basis of a real example of spectrometric measurement of the activity of uranium radionuclides in a sample.

Conclusion: Ensuring the fulfillment of the sufficiency criterion when measuring the activity of uranium radionuclides in biological samples is achieved by the correct determination of the sample measurement time. This is determined by time dependence analysis of the characteristics limits (the decision threshold and the detection limit ) for the measurement of the total activity of the above alpha-emitting uranium radionuclides 234U, 235U and 238U.
La experimentación de sí mismo y los juegos de verdad. Una aproximación al Movimiento Quantified Self
Authors: Garcia Diego González , Velasquez Marco Maureira , Serrano Francisco Tirado
Published: September 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão das principais linhas de reflexão e investigação sobre o Movimento do Quantified Self. Dentro desta vasta gama de propostas, focaremos em aquilo a que chamaremos perspectivas críticas, que serão agrupadas em três movimentos principais: a) governabilidade e biopolítica; b) estudos pós-fenomenológicos; c) novos materialismos. Argumentamos que cada uma destas abordagens enfatiza (como prioridade, não exclusivamente) o exercício de um certo jogo de verdade: a "verdade disciplinar" da governabilidade, a "verdade do self" da pós-fenomenologia e a "verdade técnica" dos novos materialismos. Contudo, a experimentação do self que o movimento QS implanta implica um jogo simultâneo destas três dimensões, razão pela qual criaremos um dispositivo conceptual que nos permite dar conta destes jogos de verdade em conjunto: a tecnoaleturgía.
Política e totalitarismo na obra de Hannah Arendt: elementos de uma biopolítica
Authors: Silva Ricardo George de Araújo
Published: September 2021

Ao tratar da biopolítica em Hannah Arendt tem-se por objetivo demonstrar que a autora, mesmo sem ter usado o sintagma em questão, o mobilizou em suas considerações teóricas, sobretudo no que concerne a uma administração da vida ou, dito de outra maneira, na perspectiva de uma forma de governo que determinava quem podia viver e quem deveria morrer. Em nosso entendimento, isso foi flagrantemente observável no totalitarismo, sobretudo nos campos de concentração. Desse modo, mostraremos que a noção de política em Arendt visa a liberdade. Esta noção se encontra em oposição à vida reduzida a mera administração. Elegemos como metodologia a exegese textual já consagrada nos estudos em filosofia.
Anuviar, elidir, silenciar? Notas históricas, críticas e epistemológicas sobre a permanência de um mal-estar no campo psicanalítico em torno da obra e do nome de Wilhelm Reich
Authors: Carvalho Alexandre Magno Teixeira de
Published: September 2021

Trabalho parcial de conclusão de Estágio de Pós-doutoramento no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Teoria Psicanalítica da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, sob a supervisão do Professor Joel Birman. Linha de pesquisa: Fundamentos históricos e teóricos da Psicanálise.
A ordem do discurso psiquiátrico: saber, poder, verdade e produção de exclusão social
Authors: Pimentel Ana Paula , Amarante Paulo Duarte de Carvalho
Published: September 2021

O objetivo deste texto é apresentar uma sucinta reflexão sobre três acontecimentos identificados como formas históricas de exclusão da loucura (o desterro, o internamento e a objetivação da loucura como doença mental) em diálogo com as discussões apresentadas na aula inaugural proferida por Michel Foucault no Collège de France em 1970, convertida no livro A ordem do discurso ([1970] 2014). Nesse sentido, associaremos as formas históricas de exclusão aos sistemas externos de restrição do discurso elencados no livro-aula: a interdição, a oposição entre razão e loucura e a vontade de verdade. Examinaremos a maneira como estes sistemas criaram condições de possibilidade para as exclusões históricas e manutenção do sofrimento mental no lugar de objeto do discurso psiquiátrico.
Short Communication: Antimicrobial properties in cloacal fluid of olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea)
Authors: Praja Ratih Novita , YUDHANA ADITYA , HADITANOJO WIYANTO , OKTAVIANA VIVI
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Praja RN, Yudhana A, Haditanojo W, Oktaviana V. 2021. Short Communication: Antimicrobial properties in cloacal fluid of olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea). Biodiversitas 22: 3671-3676. There were several speculations regarding the main purpose of sea turtle cloacal fluid, such as lubrication during egg deposition, which could help reduce egg speed as they are dropped in nesting sand, or contain antimicrobial properties to protect their eggs from pathogenic microorganisms. However, the exact purpose of this fluid which is mucous-like in consistency remains unknown. This study aimed to identify antimicrobial properties in the cloacal fluid of olive ridley sea turtles. Cloacal fluid samples were collected during nesting season in Banyuwangi City coastal areas, East Java Province, Indonesia. Moreover, the Kirby-Bauer diffusion disk method recorded antimicrobial properties and tested against several bacterial colonies collected from sand in natural nesting chambers. This preliminary study also concluded that antimicrobial properties were recorded when presented against several bacteria colonies from natural nesting sands namely Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Bacillus spp. Furthermore, the present study should be expanded to include other bacteria and fungi colonies. In addition, results from the present study could be used to develop methods in creating antibiotics similar to those found naturally in natural nesting areas to prevent microorganism contamination and globally increase hatchling success, which has a greater impact to support sea turtle conservation efforts as endangered species.
Moving From Fragmented to Seamless Sense-Making in Blended Learning
Authors: Xiaofang Bi
Published: September 2021

Context: Sense-making, understood as meaning making or giving meaning to experience, is an integral part of everyday life, work and learning, and is a process critical in enabling people to recognise how and when to respond to situations appropriately so that they can resolve problems effectively (Weick et al., 2005). Earlier studies on sense-making in educational or organizational settings (e.g. Harverly et al., 2020; Weick et al., 2005) tended to focus on the sense-making process per se in particular setting such as classrooms or organizations, few of them have paid much attention to the sense-making process in blended learning (BL). BL in vocational training mainly aims to enable adult learners to apply what was learnt in classrooms to solve authentic problems in workplaces or simulated settings. High quality of sense-making is crucial to help the learners achieve the aim. This timely study is to offer a comparative look at how different dynamics of BL interplay together to mediate the quality of sense-making in achieving learning outcomes. The dynamics include industry and training connections, policy and institutional contexts, the inhabited pedagogical practices and curriculum design. Methods: This study adopted phenomenological (Moran, 2000) and semi-ethnographic approaches (Hammersley, 2010), including semi-structured interviews, observations, analysis of relevant documents (e.g. curriculum and learning materials) to capture the rich data in case studies to understand learners’ sense-making experience in BL. Researchers focused on seeking to understand how different environments, tools and artefacts mediate the quality of sense-making as the learners progressed through their learning journey. To triangulate the data, adult educators, curriculum designers and where possible, workplace supervisors, were also interviewed and observed for their perceptions and behaviours in learners’ sense-making in BL. Findings: The findings from two different BL courses (ICT and HR) surface that the degree to which learners’ sense-making is fragmented (low quality) or seamless (high quality) is mediated by the interplay of different contextual factors in BL in multiple ways, such as, the connections (or not) with industry, the use (or not) of authentic problems and tasks. Conclusion: The interplay between different dynamics in BL is of great importance to mediate the curriculum design and pedagogical approaches used in BL for high quality of sense-making of adult learners in vocational training.
All-fiber saturable absorber based on nonlinear multimode interference with enhanced modulation depth
Authors: Wang Teng , Jung Yongmin , Horak Peter , Zeng Xianglong , Richardson David J.
Published: September 2021

We experimentally demonstrate a passively mode-locked fiber ring laser using a small-core fiber–graded index multimode fiber–single-mode fiber (SCF–GIMMF–SMF) structure as an effective saturable absorber based on the nonlinear multimode interference (NL–MMI) effect. A small-core fiber is used as an input single-mode fiber to improve the coupling of power into higher-order modes in a multimode fiber and to enhance the modulation depth of the structure. Stable fundamental mode-locked operation is obtained at a pump threshold of 166 mW and the output soliton pulses have a 647 fs duration at 1557.96 nm with a 5.2 nm spectral width at a repetition rate of 19.37 MHz. This NL–MMI SA can be applied to high-power mode-locked fiber lasers owing to its inherent high damage threshold, compact size, wavelength independent operation, and fabrication simplicity.
Thick PQ:PMMA transmission holograms for free-space optical communication via wavelength-division multiplexing
Authors: Gamboa Julian , Hamidfar Tabassom , Vonckx Joseph , Fouda Mohamed , Shahriar Selim M.
Published: September 2021

Phenantrenequinone doped poly(methyl-methacrylate) (PQ:PMMA) is a holographic substrate that can be used for angle or wavelength multiplexed Bragg gratings. However, efficient writings can be done only using a high-power, long-coherence volume laser over a limited wavelength range. This constraint makes it difficult to write gratings that would diffract several different read wavelengths into a single direction. We describe the rules for writing such gratings, taking into account the differences in the mean index seen by the write and read wavelengths. We further demonstrate the use of such a transmission hologram for wavelength-division multiplexing in a free-space optical communication system.
High-performance perovskite photodetectors based on CsPbBr3 microwire arrays
Authors: Ren Li , Gao Kunpeng , Tan Qiuhong , Qing Chen , Wang Qianjin , Yang Peizhi , Liu Yingkai
Published: September 2021

All inorganic perovskite materials have drawn extensive attention, owing to their outstanding performance, facile solution-processed method, and potential applications in optoelectronic devices. However, uncontrollable morphology, high defect density, and instability of perovskites prepared via solution-processed method are the main challenges for their large-scale production and commercialization. Herein, we prepared large-scale

C
s
P
b
B

r

3

microwire arrays with highly ordered morphology and high crystalline quality by a template-assisted method. The photodetectors based on

C
s
P
b
B

r

3

microwire arrays exhibited remarkable on/off photocurrent ratio of

9.02

×

1

0

3

, high detectivity of

1.59

×

1

0

13

Jones, high responsivity of 4.55 A/W, and fast response speed of 4.9/3 ms. More importantly, the photocurrent of the photodetectors hardly changed in air after being stored for two months, indicating remarkable stability. This study demonstrates that

C
s
P
b
B

r

3

microwire arrays provide the possibility for preparing large-scale and high-performance optoelectronic devices.
Aberration-corrected large-scale hybrid metalenses
Authors: Sawant Rajath , Andrén Daniel , Martins Renato Juliano , Khadir Samira , Verre Ruggero , Käll Mikael , Genevet Patrice
Published: September 2021

Hybrid components combining the optical power of a refractive and a diffractive optical system can form compact doublet lenses that correct various aberrations. Unfortunately, the diffraction efficiency of these devices decreases as a function of the deflection angle over the element aperture. Here, we address this issue, compensating for chromatic dispersion and correcting for monochromatic aberrations with centimeter-scale hybrid-metalenses. We demonstrate a correction of at least 80% for chromatic aberration and 70% for spherical aberration. We finally present monochromatic and achromatic images that clearly show how these hybrid systems outperform standard refractive lenses. The possibilities to adjust arbitrary spatial amplitude, phase, polarization, and dispersion profiles with hybrid metasurfaces offer unprecedented optical design opportunities for compact and broadband imaging, augmented reality/virtual reality, and holographic projection.
Prenatal care providers’ perceptions of the SARS-Cov-2 vaccine for themselves and for pregnant women
Authors: Deruelle Philippe , Couffignal Camile , Sibiude Jeanne , Vivanti Alexandre J. , Anselem Olivia , Luton Dominique , Benachi Alexandra , Mandelbrot Laurent , Vauloup-Fellous Christelle , Cordier Anne Gael , Picone Olivier
Published: September 2021

Background

Prenatal care providers will play an important role in the acceptance of SARS-Cov-2 vaccination for pregnant women.

Objective

To determine the perceptions of French prenatal care providers: midwives, general practitioners (GPs) and obstetricians and gynaecologists (Ob-Gyn) regarding SARS-CoV-2 vaccination during pregnancy.

Study design

An anonymous online survey was sent to members of French professional societies representing prenatal practitioners. The participants were asked to answer questions on their characteristics and give their opinions of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine for themselves and women who are pregnant or willing to become pregnant.

Results

Access to the survey was opened from January 11th, 2021, to March 1st, 2021. A total of 1,416 responses were collected from 749 Ob-Gyn, 598 midwives and 69 GPs. Most respondents (86.7% overall, 90.4% for Ob-GYN, 81.1% for GPs and 80.1% for midwives) agreed to receive the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 would be offered to pregnant women by 49.4% 95%CI [48.1–50.8] of the participants. Midwives were less likely to recommend vaccination than GP and Ob-Gyn (37.5%, 50.7% and 58.8%, respectively). The multinomial logistic regression revealed that being an obstetrician, working in a group, usually offering a flu vaccine and wanting to be vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 were positively associated with considering pregnant women for SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Conclusion

Most French prenatal healthcare providers are favourable towards vaccinating pregnant women, but a large minority express reservation. More evidence on safety and involvement by professional organisations will be important to encourage the access of pregnant women to vaccination against SARS-CoV-2.
Comparison of two techniques (in vivo and ex-vivo) for evaluating the elastic properties of the ascending aorta: Prospective cohort study
Authors: Morgant Marie-Catherine , Lin Siyu , Marin-Castrillon Diana , Bernard Chloé , Laubriet Aline , Cochet Alexandre , Lalande Alain , Bouchot Olivier
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Aneurysms of the ascending aorta (AA) correspond to a dilatation of the ascending aorta that progressively evolves over several years. The main complication of aneurysms of the ascending aorta is type A aortic dissection, which is associated with very high rates of morbidity and mortality. Prophylactic ascending aorta replacement guidelines are currently based on maximal AA diameter. However, this criterion is imperfect. Stretching tests on the aorta carried out ex-vivo make it possible to determine the elastic properties of healthy and aneurysmal aortic fragments (tension test, resistance before rupture). For several years now, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has provided another means of evaluating the elastic properties of the aorta. This imaging technique has the advantage of being non-invasive and of establishing aortic compliance (local measurement of stiffness) without using contrast material by measuring the variation of the aortic surface area during the cardiac cycle, and pulse wave velocity (overall stiffness of the aorta).

Materials and methods

Prospective single-center study including 100 patients with ascending aortic aneurysm requiring surgery. We will perform preoperative cine-MRI and biomechanical laboratory stretching tests on aortic samples collected during the cardiac procedure. Images will be acquired with a 3T MRI with only four other acquisitions in addition to the conventional protocol. These additional sequences are a Fast Low Angle Shot (FLASH)-type sequence performed during a short breath-hold in the transverse plane at the level of the bifurcation of the pulmonary artery, and phase-contrast sequences that encodes velocity at the same localization, and also in planes perpendicular to the aorta at the levels of the sino-tubular junction and the diaphragm for the descending aorta. For ex-vivo tests, the experiments will be carried out by a biaxial tensile test machine (ElectroForce®). Each specimen will be stretched with 10 times of 10% preconditioning and at a rate of 10 mm/min until rupture. During the experiment, the tissue is treated under a 37°C saline bath. The maximum elastic modulus from each sample will be calculated.

Results

The aim of this study is to obtain local patient-specific elastic modulus distribution of the ascending aorta from biaxial tensile tests and to assess elastic properties of the aorta using MRI, then to evaluate the correlation between biaxial tests and MRI measurements.

Discussion

Our research hypothesis is that there is a correlation between the evaluation of the elastic properties of the aorta from cardiac MRI and from stretching tests performed ex-vivo on aorta samples collected during ascending aorta replacement.
Selenium inhibits growth of trastuzumab-resistant human breast cancer cells via downregulation of Akt and beclin-1
Authors: Woo Joohyun , Kim Jong Bin , Cho Taeeun , Yoo Eun Hye , Moon Byung-In , Kwon Hyungju , Lim Woosung
Published: September 2021

The response rate to treatment with trastuzumab (Tz), a recombinant humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, is only 12–34% despite demonstrated effectiveness on improving the survival of patients with HER2-positive breast cancers. Selenium has an antitumor effect against cancer cells and can play a cytoprotective role on normal cells. This study investigated the effect of selenium on HER2-positive breast cancer cells and the mechanism in relation to the response of the cells to Tz. HER2-positive breast cancer cell lines, SK-BR-3 as trastuzumab-sensitive cells, and JIMT-1 as Tz-resistant cells were treated with Tz and sodium selenite (selenite). Cell survival rates and expression of Her2, Akt, and autophagy-related proteins, including LC3B and beclin 1, in both cell lines 72 h after treatment were evaluated. Significant cell death was induced at different concentrations of selenite in both cell lines. A combined effect of selenite and Tz at 72 h was similar to or significantly greater than each drug alone. The expression of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) was decreased in JIMT-1 after combination treatment compared to that after only Tz treatment, while p-Akt expression was increased in SK-BR-3. The expression of beclin1 increased particularly in JIMT-1 after only Tz treatment and was downregulated by combination treatment. These results showed that combination of Tz and selenite had an antitumor effect in Tz-resistant breast cancer cells through downregulation of phosphorylated Akt and beclin1-related autophagy. Selenite might be a potent drug to treat Tz-resistant breast cancer by several mechanisms.
Hepatobiliary phase signal intensity: A potential method of diagnosing HCC with atypical imaging features among LR-M observations
Authors: Park Jae Hyon , Chung Yong Eun , Seo Nieun , Choi Jin-Young , Park Mi-Suk , Kim Myeong-Jin
Published: September 2021

Herein, we assessed whether hepatobiliary phase (HBP) signal intensity (SI) can be used to differentiate HCC and non-HCC malignancies within LR-M observations. 106 LR-M patients based on LI-RADS v2018 who underwent gadoxetate-disodium magnetic resonance imaging and surgery from January 2009 to December 2018 were included. SI of LR-M observation on HBP was analyzed by two radiologists and categorized into dark, low and iso-to-high groups. Tumor was classified as dark when more than 50% of tumor showed hypointensity compared to spleen, as low when more than 50% of tumor showed hyperintensity compared to spleen but hypointensity compared to liver parenchyma, and as iso-to-high if there was even a focal iso-intensity or hyperintensity compared to liver parenchyma. Analysis of clinicopathological factors and association between imaging and histology was performed. Out of 106 LR-M, 42 (40%) were showed dark, 61 (58%) showed low, and 3 (3%) showed iso-to-high SI in HBP. Three iso-to-high SI LR-M were HCCs (P = 0.060) and their major histologic differentiation was Edmondson grade 1 (P = 0.001). 43 out of 61 (71%) low SI LR-M were iCCA or cHCC-CCA (P = 0.002). Inter-reader agreement of HBP SI classification was excellent, with a kappa coefficient of 0.872. LR-M with iso-to-high SI in HBP is prone to being HCC while LR-M with low SI in HBP is prone to being tumor with fibrous stroma such as iCCA and cHCC-CCA. Classification of LR-M based on HBP SI may be a helpful method of differentiating HCC from non-HCC malignancies.
History and scientific background on the economics of abortion
Authors: Moore Brittany , van der Meulen Rodgers Yana , Coast Ernestina , Lattof Samantha R. , Poss Cheri
Published: September 2021

Background

Approximately one quarter of all pregnancies globally end in abortion, making it one of the most common gynecological practices worldwide. Despite the high incidence of abortion around the globe, the synthesis of known economic outcomes of abortion care and policies is lacking. Using data from a systematic scoping review, we synthesized the literature on the economics of abortion at the microeconomic, mesoeconomic, and mesoeconomic levels and presented the results in a collection of studies. This article describes the history and scientific background for collection, presents the scoping review framework, and discusses the value of this knowledge base.

Methods and findings

We conducted a scoping review using the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews. Studies reporting on qualitative and/or quantitative data from any world region were considered. For inclusion, studies must have examined one of the following outcomes: costs, impacts, benefits, and/or value of abortion-related care or policies. Our searches yielded 19,653 unique items, of which 365 items were included in our final inventory. Studies most often reported costs (n = 262), followed by impacts (n = 140), benefits (n = 58), and values (n = 40). Approximately one quarter (89/365) of studies contained information on the secondary outcome on stigma. Economic factors can lead to a delay in abortion care-seeking and can restrict health systems from adequately meeting the demand for abortion services. Provision of post-abortion care (PAC) services requires more resources then safe abortion services. Lack of insurance or public funding for abortion services can increase the cost of services and the overall economic impact on individuals both seeking and providing care.

Conclusions

Consistent economic themes emerge from research on abortion, though evidence gaps remain that need to be addressed through more standardized methods and consideration to framing of abortion issues in economics terms. Given the highly charged political nature of abortion around the world, it is imperative that researchers continue to build the evidence base on economic outcomes of abortion services and regulations.
The interactive effects of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hemoglobin concentration in the first trimester on the development of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Li Mengnan , Hu Min , Yue Zhijing , Zhang Yudan , Yang Hailan
Published: September 2021

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with adverse perinatal and maternal outcomes. Epidemiological studies have reported that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and a high hemoglobin (Hb) concentration are risk factors for GDM in the middle trimester. However, no consistent conclusions have been reached, especially in Chinese pregnant women. A case-control study was conducted to better understand the associations between NAFLD and Hb concentration in the first trimester and the risk of GDM and their interactive effects. Multivariable logistic regression analysis and a cross-product term of Hb and steatosis were used to evaluate the associations between first trimester Hb concentration, steatosis, and GDM and their interactive effects. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using two-sided statistical tests at an alpha level of 0.05. For the study, 1,017 normal pregnant women, and 343 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM (25.22%) were recruited from the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Province, China. NAFLD-associated steatosis was found to be independent risk factors for developing GDM compared with grade 0 steatosis, with ORs of 1.98 (95% CI: 1.35–2.89) and 2.27 (95% CI:1.29–3.96), respectively. Meanwhile, a high Hb concentration was found to be a risk factor for developing GDM compared with the normal Hb concentration (OR = 1.88; 95% CI:1.24–2.83). The risk of developing GDM was more pronounced among pregnant women who had both high-grade steatosis and higher Hb concentrations during their first trimester (OR = 6.24; 95% CI: 1.81–23.66). However, we found no significant interactions between Hb concentration and steatosis grade. In conclusion, our study confirmed that a high Hb concentration and NAFLD-associated steatosis during the first trimester play important roles in predicting the risk of GDM in Chinese women. Future studies are required to verify the interactive effects between NAFLD-associated steatosis and Hb concentration.
Thermal Imaging Camera Supporting the Navigation of UAVs
Authors: Bieszczad Grzegorz , Sawicki Krzysztof , Gogler Sławomir , Ligienza Andrzej , Mścichowski Mariusz
Published: September 2021

The topic of this paper is an evaluation of developed sensor intended for navigation aid of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Its operation is based on processing images acquired with a thermal camera operating in the long-wave infrared band (LWIR) placed underneath a vehicle’s chassis. The vehicle’s spatial displacement is determined by analyzing movement of characteristic thermal radiation points (ground, forest, buildings, etc.) in pictures acquired by the thermal camera. Magnitude and direction of displacement is obtained by processing the stream of consecutive pictures with optical-flow based algorithm in real time. Radiation distribution analysis allows to calculate camera’s self-translation vector. Advantages of measuring translation based on thermal image analysis is lack of drift effect, resistance to magnetic field variations, low susceptibility to electromagnetic interference and change in weather conditions as compared to traditional inertial navigation sensors. As opposed to visible light situational awareness sensors, it offers operation in complete darkness (harsh weather, nights and indoors).The topic of this paper is an evaluation of developed sensor intended for navigation aid of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Its operation is based on processing images acquired from a thermal camera operating in the long wave infrared band (LWIR) placed underneath a vehicle’s chassis. The vehicle’s spatial displacement is determined by analyzing movement of characteristic thermal radiation points (ground, forest, buildings, etc.) in pictures acquired by the thermal camera. Magnitude and direction of displacement is obtained by processing the stream of consecutive pictures with optical-flow based algorithm in real time. Radiation distribution analysis allows to calculate camera’s self-translation vector. Advantages of measuring translation based on thermal image analysis is lack of drift effect, resistance to magnetic field variations, low susceptibility to electromagnetic interference and change in weather conditions as compared to traditional inertial navigation sensors. As opposed to visible light situational awareness sensors, it offers operation in complete darkness (harsh weather, nights and indoors).
Nota da Editora
Authors: De A. F. R. Cardoso Squeff Tatiana
Published: September 2021

Apresenta a edição n. 2 do vol. 48 da Revista da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, expressando que, diante das fragilidades humanas e sociais apresentadas pelo novo coronavírus, especialmente pela impotência causada pelas vontades contraditórias de todos os membros da sociedade, para dialogar com Enrique Dussel, faz-se necessário um repensar de condutas e ações a fim de que todos possam exprimir a sua vontade de viver, a começar pela consideração ao próximo, onde inclui-se o campo das ideias.
Desafios dos Programas Compliance nas Empresas Públicas
Authors: Antunes Rezende Tiago
Published: September 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objeto de estudo os programas compliance aplicável às empresas públicas brasileiras. Outrossim, objetiva analisar quais são os instrumentos para o desenvolvimento e a implantação dos programas de conformidade pelas empresas públicas pertencente à Administração Pública indireta. Para isso, utiliza-se o método hipotético-dedutivo, mediante um estudo bibliográfico e legislação pertinente ao tema. Como marco teórico inicial, adota-se a teoria do ato administrativo, pois a criação de uma empresa pública deve ser autorizada por lei. Como hipótese inicial, compreende-se a possibilidade de as empresas públicas desenvolverem e implantarem programas compliance considerando as regras de governança corporativa disciplina na Lei nº 13303/2016, também conhecida como Lei das Estatais.
Reconocimiento de la Participación Activa de la Víctima en el Proceso Penal a la Luz de los Derechos Humanos
Authors: Galiano Roberto Omar
Published: September 2021

Actualmente se han comenzado a repensar algunas nociones clásicas del derecho penal y procesal penal. Ciertos conceptos claves, han entrado en crisis. Uno de los principales temas de gran debate resulta serla evolución hacia una mayor participación de la víctima en el proceso penal. Ello produjo que se generen determinados puntos de tensión o posibles colisiones entre las garantías constitucionales de los distintos sujetos involucrados. Por ello, en el desarrollo de este trabajo analizaremos la vinculación entre la participación de la víctima en el proceso penal y su eventual afectación a los derechos del imputado. Para ello, de un modo breve, haremos referencia a determinados aspectos nucleares de esta cuestión, y destacaremos pronunciamientos que estimamos relevantes emitidos por la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos y el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos. Por último, expondremos nuestrasconclusiones.
Dever Fundamental de Proteção ao Meio Ambiente do Trabalho Saudável
Authors: Pelles Schneider Gabriela , Da Costa Honorato de Siqueira Vitor , Fabriz Daury César
Published: September 2021

Com a Constituição da República de 1988, o Direito Ambiental atinge novo patamar. Quando o artigo 225, da CR88, preceitua o direito de todos ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado, abre espaço para umaproteção ampliada: do meio ambiente natural ao meio ambiente artificial, o qual alcança o meio ambiente cultural e do trabalho. É sobre este último que o presente trabalho pretende se debruçar: o direito ao meio ambiente do trabalho saudável exige uma efetiva sistemática, da qual decorre o necessário reconhecimento do meio ambiente de trabalho como um dever, indispensável para a efetivação deste enquanto direito fundamental. Assim, o presente estudo indaga: a proteção ao meio ambiente de trabalho saudável é, para além de um direito, um dever fundamental a ser preservado não só pelo Estado como também por todos os particulares? Para responder a esta indagação, introduziremos, no primeiro capítulo, a temática dos deveres fundamentais, no segundo capítulo abordaremos o direito ao meio ambiente de trabalho saudável e, finalmente, no terceiro capítulo, construiremos o meio ambiente laboral equilibrado como dever fundamental.
Contratos de Planos de Saúde
Authors: Heineck Schmitt Cristiano
Published: September 2021

Trata-se da resenha da obra "Contratos de Planos de Saúde", 2ª ed., de Josiane Araújo Gomes, publicada em 2020, fruto de sua dissertação, resultado final de seu curso de Mestrado em Direito pela Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Na obra, a autora enfrenta temas diversos, buscando subsídios na Constituição Federal de 1988 para sustentar uma correta aplicação das normas de proteção do consumidor sob o aspecto dos contratos de planos de saúde, passando pela análise de da normatividade ordinária aplicável, e pela belíssima teoria do diálogo das fontes. Ademais, utilizando-se de uma linguagem apurada e didática, une teoria e prática, permitindo-se refletir sobre o futuro da saúde suplementar no Brasil.
Contratação na Sociedade Massificada e as Condições Gerais de Contratação no Direito Alemão
Authors: Estevam de A. Zanini Leonardo
Published: September 2021

O presente artigo analisa o tratamento dado pelo direito alemão às condições gerais de contratação, assunto bastante relevante para o sistema contratual existente na sociedade massificada. A utilização de contratos que são acompanhados de condições gerais de contratação é atualmente muito comum. O texto analisa a maneira como o Código Civil alemão permitiu a inclusão das condições gerais de contratação nos negócios jurídicos, bem como as situações em que o juiz está autorizado a fazer um controle do seu conteúdo. Também estuda o campo de atuação e a forma como devem ser interpretadas as condições gerais de contratação. Por fim, ressalta que o sistema alemão regula a matéria desde 1976, apresentando legislação muito mais estruturada que o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, o que permite um controle mais geral e abstrato da temática, bem como garante maior segurança jurídica.
Propostas Didático-Metodológicas para o Ensino Efetivo de Metodologia de Pesquisa no Curso de Direito
Authors: Marcos Henrique , Hardman Antônio Ítalo
Published: September 2021

Não é novidade que os bacharéis em Direito no Brasil sofrem dificuldades com a “metodologia de pesquisa”. A circunstância parece surgir de modo estrutural no ensino do Direito enquanto área de produção de conhecimento científico. Até então, muitas das publicações a respeito desta crise pedagógica se limitam a tecer críticas e buscar os responsáveis. O presente artigo busca outra via. Visa contribuir com relatos de soluções práticas que podem ser adotadas pelos professores com o fito de auxiliá-los a lecionar e orientar alunos de forma mais efetiva em favor do desenvolvimento de metodologias adequadas para a pesquisa jurídica brasileira. Quanto ao seu problema de pesquisa, questiona: quais técnicas didático-metodológicas alternativas às aulas expositivas podem ser incorporadas para o ensino efetivo de metodologia de pesquisa? A hipótese é que a adoção de metodologia alternativa baseada em mentoring e problem-based learning, é modelo viável para ensino da metodologia científica em cursos de Direito. A pesquisa tem por objetivo central relatar algumas das soluções didático-metodológicas ao ensino da metodologia científica através da implementação mentoring e problem-based learning. Quanto ao método (metodologia), a pesquisa é indutiva quanto a sua abordagem; seu objetivo metodológico é explicativo e propositivo; seu método de procedimento é monográfico a partir de estudo de caso. A técnica de levantamento de dados é indireta (para documentos e bibliografia) e é direta, por outro lado, quando se realiza a coleta de amostras qualitativas não probabilísticas (não aleatórias), escolhidas de modo intencional por julgamento. Como conclusão, reconhece que a prática pedagógica através da abordagem conjunta de mentoring com problembased learning parece ser promissora se comparada ao ensino meramente expositivo de metodologia científica. Outrossim, a técnica ora descrita parece ser instrumentalizável em salas de aula de Graduação em Direito.
Existência de um Estado de Coisas Inconstitucional em Matéria Ambiental
Authors: Rezende Martins Fernanda , Pereira da Silva Milla Christi
Published: September 2021

Neste comentário é realizada a análise da decisão monocrática proferida no âmbito da ação direta de inconstitucionalidade por omissão com pedido de medida cautelar nº 60 (ADO nº 60) do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF). A importância deste estudo  se justifica pelos argumentos fornecidos na decisão como resposta aos requerentes, que postulam o reconhecimento da inconstitucionalidade da conduta da União na condução do Fundo Clima, bem como na adoção de medidas de proteção ambiental pertinentes à mitigação de mudanças climáticas. Isso porque, a despeito da importância do meio ambiente como pressuposto para o desfrute de outros direitos que integram o mínimo existencial, abre-se espaço para que seja discuto, no âmbito do dever estatal de proteção, a necessidade de observância ao direito ao meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado de forma autônoma e não apenas para assegurar o gozo de outros direitos fundamentais e humanos. Diante disso, considerando o atual contexto, em que o direito ao meio ambiente saudável é protegido com vistas a garantir a efetivação de direitos essenciais para os seres humanos, torna´-se fundamental compreender de que forma a inovadora teoria recepcionada pela jurisprudência brasileira por meio da ADO nº 60 - o direito ao meio ambiente como direito autônomo, com interesse jurídico em si mesmo- pode contribuir para o cenário de proteção ambiental brasileiro.
Ben-Gurion to Venezuelan Converts
Authors: Reches Danni
Published: September 2021

This study analyzes the development of the unique Law of Return (LOR) of the State of Israel. The LOR is aimed at enabling the immigration of all Jews to Israel and can be viewed as an expression of Israel’s ethno-religious self-definition. The analysis includes amendments made to the LOR since its implementation in 1950 to today, and how different groups of Jewish immigrants have been affected by the law. Moreover, this paper introduces a case study that so far has not received the scholarly attention it deserves; the exodus from Venezuela and the particular case of nine Venezuelan converts to Judaism in accordance with the Conservative branch of the religion. The research uncovers that the LOR contains a core contradiction. While it should be assumed that everyone is treated equally before the law, discrepancies in the treatment of different individuals and groups of people with regard to the LOR continue taking place. The differences in treatment are due to the fact that terms such as ‘Jew’ and ‘Jewish convert’ are subjective in accordance withWeber’s theory on ethnicity and the terms have been given different meanings by Jewish religious law, the Supreme Court, and the legislative power. While recognizing that the definition of these terms form the identity of the State of Israel, which is heavily contested between Orthodox religious and secular forces since its establishment as a Jewish State – this study offers suggestions for approaches to dealing with the randomness of the LOR. These consist of two main points: clarifying who should be responsible for verifying the question of who is a Jew, and listing a set of criteria that a person should meet in order to be eligible for the LOR.