bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGATION OF DYNAMIC SOIL STABILITY AT THE SEISMIC INFLUENCES
Authors: Тер-Мартиросян Завен , Ter-Martirosyan Zaven
Published: June 2017

This paper presents the main stages of the analysis of dynamic

stability of foundation soils buildings and structures increased

responsibility in difficult engineering-geological conditions.

The article contains a brief theoretical background used methodology for assessing the dynamic stability. The results of the special laboratory tests of soils in triaxial compression devices under dynamic loads caused by seismic action performed in the scientific and educational center «Geotechnics» MSUCE.
To a question on the structure of the institute of legal responsibility of the state
Authors: Романова Вера
Published: June 2017

The article analyzes the structure of the legal responsibility institute of the state. The article reveals the peculiarities of legal regulation of constitutional, civil and international legal responsibility of the state.

The features of the subinstitute of constitutional responsibility of the State, which aims to ensure the inviolability of the principles of democracy and supremacy of the Constitution, as well as to protect the rights and freedoms of man and citizen are being shown. The author analyzed foreign experience of legal regulation of the legal responsibility of the state. The history of the formation and functioning of the procedure for impeachment of the Institute in the following countries: United States, United Kingdom, Denmark, Norway and the Federal Republic of Germany are expounded.

Also considered are the basics of civil responsibility of the state. According to para. 2, Art. 8 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation in the Russian Federation it is recognized and protected equally private, state, municipal and other forms of property. Equal protection of all forms of property means, in particular, establishing the inadmissibility of any exception regarding the property responsibility for individual subjects, including the state. On this basis, we analyzed the concept of functional and absolute immunity of foreign states. The main provisions of both international law and the Federal Law of 11.03.2015, № 297-FZ "On the jurisdictional immunities of foreign States and property of a foreign state in the Russian Federation." are reviewed.

The features of subinstitute of international legal responsibility of the state are investigated. It is generally known that one of the fundamental principles of contemporary international law is sovereignty. However, this principle does not indicate a lack of interaction and interdependence of the state, since no state can exist and develop in isolation from the world community.

The article was supported by the Russian Foundation for Humanities, the project № 16-33-00017 «A comprehensive, interdisciplinary institute of legal responsibility: the concept, structure, relationships and place in the legal system".
Conparison Effect of the Method of Calculation of Foundation on the First Limit State
Authors: Матвиенко Максим , Matvienko Maksim , Дыба Владимир , Dyba Vladimir , Ильинова Валентина , Ilinova Valyentina
Published: June 2017

In this article discusses the problem discrepancy normative methods for calculating the bearing capacity of foundations experimental data and the new method, taking into account the joint interaction of the foundation and the base. The calculated cost of the foundation de-signed according to a standard method and the new method. Examined the economic feasibil-ity of the use of foundations designed by a new method
Multi-criterion optimization of cutting modes at profiled surface finish turning under conditions of variability in limitations in force
Authors: Ивченко Т. , Ivchenko T. , Михайлов А. , Mikhaylov A. , Петряева Ирина , Petryaeva Irina
Published: June 2017

The paper reports the results in investigations of cutting parameter variability at profiled surfaces turning. The procedure of the multi-criterion optimization of profiled surfaces turning modes taking into account of variability in the limitations in force is presented. The recommendations on choice of optimum cutting modes based on the criteria of productivity, cost price and their compression are shown.
Technological quality increase in surfaces of parts with plasma carbonization
Authors: Балановский Андрей , Balanovsky Andrey , Ву Ван , Vu Van
Published: June 2017

In the paper there is considered a new paper of plasma carbonization with the use of a graphite coating consisting of graphite, liquid glass and others. A procedure of coating production and the fulfillment of the experiment on coating and melting are shown. A new mechanism of carbon diffusion from coating into metal under the influence of plasma electric arc is offered. The character of surface micro-relief changes after carbonization is analyzed. When using the mentioned method of carbonization it is possible to increase micro-hardness of steel St3 4-5 times (up to 12000 MPa). The depth of a carbonized layer is within the limits of 50-200 µm (in the mode without surface melting) and 300 - 3000µm (in the mode of surface melting). It is shown that the application of liquid glass at the coating formation has a positive effect on surface roughness with the increase of liquid glass quantity roughness decreases.
Science intensive technology in steel plates pressure joint
Authors: Чудин В. , Chudin V.
Published: June 2017

The processes and computation of modes for the pressure joining of parts and structures under isothermal conditions are offered. The state of material under deformation is assumed to be creeping-plastic. The power method for the computation of technology parameters is used. The technological data and samples of products are shown.
Behavioral Aspects of Budgeting
Authors: Воронова  , Voronova E.
Published: June 2017

Th e article deals with behavioral aspects of budgeting. Th e goal of budgeting is defi ned, namely, to eff ectively and in the right direction infl uence the behavior of management and other employees. Th e article examines the issues of participation in budgeting of management of all levels and consider the role of budgeting in the motivation and accountability of managers.
PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY OF COWS OF BLACK-MOTLEY BREED, DEPENDING ON THE FIRST INSEMINATION AGE AND LEVEL OF MILK YIELD FOR THE FIRST LACTATION
Authors: Рудишина  , Rudishina Natal'ya , Штырева  , Shtyreva Irina
Published: June 2017

The productive longevity of dairy cows are affected by many genetic and paratypic factors. An impact of the heifers age at first insemination and the level of milk production in the first lactation on the duration of economic use. The research carried out on the herd of Ob type cows of black-motley breed of Experimental Farm “Prigorodnoe” of Altai Kray. The indicators of 864 cows, which dropped out of the herd from 2010 to 2015, were analyzed. Maximum duration of economic use in lactation was installed in cows, inseminated at the age till 18 months.(6.1 lactation) and from 18.1 to 20 months (5.8 lactations). Cows, inseminated at the age of 26.1 months and more, were used in the herd least - 3.3 lactation. The highest lifetime of milk yield (32 745 kg) was obtained from cows with the age of the first insemination from 18.1 up to 20 months. A correlation analysis revealed a significant effect on the duration of the economic use of the age of the first fruitful insemination of cows, the month and the level of milking cows in the first lactation. The greater the age of the first ful insemination of cows and milk production level of cows during the first lactation, the less the duration of their economic use (respectively r = - 0.28 in the way of p <0.05 and r = - 0,45, p <0.001). The magnitude of life milking yield of cows significantly affects the duration of the economic uses of in lactation (r = 0,89, p <0.001) and less significantly, but significantly, the highest yield of milk per lactation (r = 0,30, p <0.01). It was found that the lower the milk yield of cows during the first lactation, the greater the duration of their economic use in lactation, lifetime milk yield, milk yield per day of life, the yield of milk fat, less than the length of service- and calving periods and the higher the ratio of reproductive ability.
RESULTS OF MULTIVARIATE EXPERIMENT TO DETERMINE DEPENDENCE OF THE MAXIMUM PRESSURE OF TRACTOR WHEELS ON THE SOIL FROM TRACTOR’S PARAMETERS AND PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Хафизов  , Khafizov Kamil , Хафизов  , Khafizov Ramil
Published: June 2017

A similarity criteria were reveled to determine the dependence of maximum pressure of the tractor wheel on the soil on the basis of the use of similarity theory. Each similarity criterion includes several parameters, characterizing the tractor, its propeller and physical and mechanical properties of the soil. The similarity criteria is taken as factors in the multivariate experiment. Multifactorial experimental studies were planned and carried out. We used Statistics Toolbox subsystem of Matlab computer mathematics system for processing the results of experiments. As a result of statistical processing of the experimental data by the equation we obtained a dependence of maximum pressure of the tractor wheel on the soil from tractor parameters, and physical and mechanical properties of the soil. Statistical data on the equations, such as - multiple correlation coefficient, Fisher’s criterion, Student’s criterion, indicate the significance of equations of the experiments variants, as well as the significance of the coefficients of the regression equations.
Use of the partograph among midwives at University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka: a LAMRN project in Zambia
Authors: Kalusopa Victoria Mwiinga , Mayimbo Sebean , Muleya Mutinta , Kwaleyela Concepta , Hazemba Alice Ngoma , Maimbolwa Margaret , Lyangenda Kutemba , Sianga Maureen , Msiska Francesca , Porteous Carol
Published: June 2017

Background:

Globally, 830 women die every day from pregnancy- or childbirth-related complications, 99% of whom are in developing regions. In Zambia, the maternal mortality ratio is 398 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births, yet the majority of these deaths could have been prevented by using the partograph to detect abnormal progress of labour.

Aim:

To determine the use, practices, and level of knowledge among midwives on the labour ward at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka.

Methods:

A cross-sectional design was implemented to determine the use of the partograph among 110 skilled birth attendants. This involved a self-administered, semi-structured questionnaire and a checklist, which was used to assess the completion of 370 partographs from the records.

Findings:

In the initial audit 40 (36%) of 110 skilled birth attendants who worked in labour ward completed the questionnaire. Of these, 35 (87.5%) used the partograph all the time. When asked for the reasons why the partograph was not used, 3 (7.5%) cited non-availability; 4 (10%) said lack of knowledge and 6 (15%) said emergencies. In the initial audit, only 7.5% of the midwives were knowledgeable on use of the partograph, but this improved to 95.5% in the re-audit.

Conclusions:

The study revealed low knowledge and under use of the partograph among skilled birth attendants at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka.
Safer sex communication among young women in Botswana
Authors: Magowe Mabel KM
Published: June 2017

Background:

The prevalence of HIV remains high in Botswana and women are disproportionately affected because of cultural barriers related to safer sex communication.

Aims:

This study aimed to explore young women's perceptions and beliefs about safer sex communication, in order to inform future interventions.

Methods:

A cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted among 40 sexually active young women in Gaborone clinics in Botswana, selected through purposive sampling. Relevant institutional review boards gave ethical clearance. Participants gave written informed consent. Data were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and translated for thematic content analysis. The women explained the meaning of beliefs, perceptions, content, influence tactics, outcomes, advantages and disadvantages, self-efficacy, facilitators and barriers for safer sex communication.

Findings:

The women's male sexual partners controlled the direction and outcome of the communication and the use of safer sex practices.

Conclusions:

Further research and interventions should focus on improving men's appreciation of safer sex communication.
‘Making a difference in the world’
Authors: Hillan Edith M
Published: June 2017

As the world's midwifery professionals prepare for the 31st International Confederation of Midwives Congress, this event's theme has never been more relevant to global health targets
Do trainee nurse associates have a role in maternity care?
Authors: Barker Karen
Published: June 2017

With time and resources stretched, could this newly piloted role—created to bridge the gap between health care assistant and registered nurse—enhance the levels of care midwives can offer to women?
Are you safe?
Authors: Hollins Carole
Published: June 2017

Do you ever feel intimidated by patients at work? Does your practice have a safety policy? We look at how best to minimise any risks and get an update on security measures from Carole Hollins, author of Levison's Textbook for Dental Nurses
Price and value
Authors: Tucker Simon
Published: June 2017

When something is ‘free’, how much do we really value it? Simon Tucker considers this within the world of dentistry
Implant treatment and maintenance
Authors: Spranklen Gemma
Published: June 2017

Gemma Spranklen considers the role of a dental nurse
Ashes to ashes
Authors: Henderson Kelly
Published: June 2017

A look at smoking cessation and the role of the dental care professional with dental nurse Kelly Henderson
Injuries in the competitive paediatric motocross athlete
Authors: Arena C. B. , Holbert J. A. , Hennrikus W. L.
Published: June 2017

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to report the spectrum of injuries sustained by competitive paediatric motocross athletes at a level I trauma centre.

Patients and Methods

A retrospective study of paediatric competitive motocross injuries treated at a level I trauma centre between 2004 and 2014 was performed. Athletes were included if aged less than 18 years and injured while practising or competing on a competitive motocross track. Medical records were reviewed for age, gender, race, location of accident, use of safety equipment, mechanism of injury, injury type and severity, Glasgow Coma Score at hospital presentation and Injury Severity Score (ISS).

Results

In total, 35 athletes were studied. The average age was 14 years. One athlete died. Thirty athletes were injured during competition; five were injured during practice. Twenty-four athletes (69%) suffered an orthopaedic injury with a total of 32 fractures and two dislocations. Two fractures were open (6.3%). Lower extremity fractures were twice as common as upper extremity fractures. Surgery was more common for lower extremity fractures—83% versus 30%. The most common fractures were femoral shaft (18.8%), fibula (12.5%), clavicle (12.5%), tibial shaft (9.4%) and forearm (9.4%).

Conclusions

Competitive paediatric motocross athletes suffer serious, potentially life-threatening injuries despite the required use of protective safety equipment. Femoral shaft, fibula and clavicle were found to be the most commonly fractured bones. Further prospective research into track regulations, protective equipment and course design may reduce the trauma burden in this athlete population.
Editorial
Authors: Totev Borimir
Published: June 2017

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Quiet Voices, Faded Photographs: Remembering the Armenian Genocide in Varujan Vosganian’s ‘The Book of Whispers’
Authors: Mironescu Andreea
Published: June 2017

Drawing on concepts such as post-genocide literature, post memory (Marianne Hirsch), and resonance (Aleida Assmann), this paper discusses a third-generation narrative of the Armenian genocide, namely Varujan Vosganian’s novel The Book of Whispers, originally published in Romania in 2009. The first section of the paper examines whether the concepts of post-genocide literature and diasporic literature (Peeromian) can be applied to authors of Armenian origins writing inside the literary traditions of East-Central European national cultures. The second section analyses the literary techniques of inter-generational memory transmission in Vosganian’s novel. Particular attention is paid to the way in which family and documentary photos are employed in the novel, and three functions of photographs are discussed in relation with autobiographical memory, historical representation, and literary aesthetics. The third part of the paper uses Assmann’s concept of resonance to investigate how the Armenian genocide narratives are linked with other traumatic events such as the Holocaust, the mass deportations in the Soviet Gulag, or the political repression in Romanian totalitarianism, thus reshaping the European memory of violence.
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Olga Lebedeva ( Madame Gülnar): A Russian Orientalist and Translator Enchants the Ottomans
Authors: Olcay Türkan
Published: June 2017

Based on the studying of a number of archive and scientific literature sources, the article attempts a research of life and works of the first Russian female orientalist Olga Sergeevna Lebedeva. Under the pseudonym ‘Gülnar’, she was one of the first to introduce the Turkish reading public to the treasures of Russian literature, thus making an invaluable contribution to Turkish–Russian literary connections at the end of the nineteenth century. A special place in the article is devoted to Olga Lebedeva’s translations and literary critical studies in the Ottoman Empire in 1890s and also interrelationship between her and the prominent Ottoman writer and publisher Ahmet Mithat Efendi.
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Leitura de texto multimodal: explorando a charge no ensino de Língua Portuguesa
Authors: Bezerra Aluizio Lendl , Lima Eliete Alves , Oliveira Marcos Nonato
Published: June 2017

A forte presença da multimodalidade nos eventos comunicativos na pós-modernidade passou a exigir dos sujeitos novas habilidades leitoras, fazendo surgir a necessidade de uma abordagem multimodal nas aulas de Língua Portuguesa. Este artigo tem como objetivo abordar o ensino de leitura através de uma abordagem multimodal, explorando a charge com dez alunos do Ensino Fundamental. Os dados coletados de forma aleatória foram analisados à luz de Kress e Van Leeuwen (2006). Os resultados mostraram que os alunos passaram a considerar os elementos multimodais que compõem as charges, tornando, assim, o processo de atribuição de sentido mais detalhado e criterioso. A análise de textos multimodais considerando a linguagem verbal e a não verbal favoreceu a efetivação de uma leitura mais profunda; contudo, o desenvolvimento do posicionamento crítico ainda necessita de mais prática para se efetivar.
Mediações poéticas sobre o corpo gordo de Elisa Queiroz e Fernanda Magalhães
Authors: Almeida de Mello Júlia
Published: June 2017

O presente artigo traz uma interseção entre o projeto poético das artistas brasileiras Elisa Queiroz e Fernanda Magalhães. Ambas possuem produções autorreferenciais que permitem reflexões acerca da corpulência. As artistas provocam os espectadores através de trabalhos feitos em diferentes suportes e superfícies e parecem tensionar as normas e padrões estéticos vigentes na sociedade contemporânea. Para a leitura dos projetos, são considerados os escritos de autores como Donna Haraway (2009), Chantal Mouffe (2007), Whitney Chadwick (2001) e André Rouillé (2005), que tratam de gênero, política e práticas artísticas como política. Os resultados revelam a possibilidade em realizar uma conversa entre as obras das artistas, partindo dos seus corpos para alinhavar discursos concernentes a identidade, gênero e poder.

ABSTRACT

This article provides an intersection between the poetic project from Brazilian artists Elisa Queiroz and Fernanda Magalhães. Both have self-referential productions that allow reflections about corpulence and seem to tighten standards and aesthetic standards prevailing in contemporary society. For the reading of the projects are considered the writings of authors such as Donna Haraway (2009), Chantal Mouffe (2007), Whitney Chadwick (2001) and Andre Rouillé (2005), dealing with gender, political and artistic practices as politics. The results reveal the possibility to hold a conversation between the artists works starting from their bodies to tack speeches concerning identity, gender and power.

KEYWORDS

Art, Elisa Queiroz, Fernanda Magalhães, body, gender.
Evaluation of visual math literacy self efficacy perception with visual mathematics accomplishment
Authors: Duran Murat , Bekdemir Mehmet
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between visual math literacy self-efficacy perceptions and visual mathematics accomplishments of primary school 7th grade students. The explanatory design of mixed method, that allows use of qualitative and quantitative data together, was employed in the study. The quantitative part of the study carried out on 467 randomly selected students studying on 7th grade of 12 primary schools in the second semester of 2010-2011 academic terms in a city of the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. The qualitative part of the study was conducted on 60 students that were chosen with purposeful sampling methodology from a primary school in the same city in the same semester and 7th grade students. According to the results of the study; there is a positive directional, medium and significant correlation between visual math literacy self-efficacy perception and visual mathematics accomplishment. Furthermore, the visual math literacy self efficacy perception is meaningfully a predictor for the visual mathematics accomplishment. As it was expressed by the most of the students who responded interview protocol, these statistical results mesh with the review like "being visual math literate increase accomplishment in visual math".
Reassesing the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of Enabling School Structure Scale
Authors: Özer Niyazi , Dönmez Burhanettin
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this research is to investigate the psychometric properties of the Enabling School Structure Scale (ESS) that aims to measure the degree to which school structure is enabling or coercive, and also to conduct reliability and validity studies of the scale. Participants of the study consisted of 1018 teachers working in 75 different primary schools located in Malatya province during 2009-2010 semester. For validity studies, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were carried out, and also corrected item-total correlations were estimated. For reliability studies, Cronbach Alpha and test-retest correlation coefficients were estimated. Results obtained from the reliability and validity studies showed that on the contrary to original form of ESS, Turkish form consisted of two distinct factors, enabling bureaucracy and coercive bureaucracy respectively. While factor loading of the items in enabling bureaucracy range between ".557" and ".832", factor loadings of items in coercive bureaucracy range between ".485" and ".785". It was also found that this 12 itemed two-factor solution explained approximately a total of 51% of the total variance. Estimated Cronbach alpha coefficients were ".806" for enabling bureaucracy sub-scale and ".774" for coercive bureaucracy sub-scale. Consequently it can be asserted that Turkish form of the ESS scale should be used with two factor structure not one single structure.
Attitudes towards profession and anxiety levels of education of mentally handicapped students
Authors: Aydın Aydan , Tekneci Emrah
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between mental disability teaching students' attitudes toward teaching and their concern level. The sample of this study contains a total of 410 first and fourth grade students of special education department, mental disability teaching section in Anadolu university(114 students), Ondokuz mayıs university(73 students), Gazi unversity(79 students ) Marmara university(75 students ) and Selçuk university(69 students ) at 2009-2010 academic year. In this study as a data collection tool "teaching profession attitude scale" developed by Çetin(2006) is used in purpose of determining mental disability teaching candidates' attitudes towards profession; "state- continuity concern scale" developed by Spielberg(1979) is used to determine concern levels and "personel information form " is used in purpose of gathering information about teacher candidates. As a conclusion of the study ,it is suggested that fourth grade students' scale scores of attitudes towards teaching profession is higher than that of first grade students. state continuity concern scale scores of Mental disability teaching students who has participated in this study is changeable according to grade levels. Also mental disability teacher candidates' attitudes towards this profession is differing by variants like gender and whether or not working at the field. State and continuity concern levels are changed by gender variant but not changed by whether or not working at the field variant.
A fuzzy inventory model with unit production cost, time depended holding cost, with-out shortages under a space constraint: a parametric geometric programming approach
Authors: Islam Sahidul , Mandal Wasim Akram
Published: June 2017

In this paper, an Inventory model with unit production cost, time depended holding cost, with-out shortages is formulated and solved. We have considered here a single objective inventory model. In most real world situation, the objective and constraint function of the decision makers are imprecise in nature, hence the coefficients, indices, the objective function and constraint goals are imposed here in fuzzy environment. Geometric programming provides a powerful tool for solving a variety of impreciseoptimization problem. Here we have used nearest interval approximation method to convert a triangular fuzzy number to an interval number then transform this interval number to a parametric interval-valued functional form and solve the parametric problem by geometric programming technique. Here two necessary theorems have been derived. Numerical example is given to illustrate the model through this Parametric Geometric-Programming method.
Emotional intelligence and successful change management in the Nigerian banking industry
Authors: Ugoani John N. N.
Published: June 2017

Successful organizational change requires a supportive culture and competence development driven by exceptional leadership that can influence business strategy in allocating financial, human and material resources, processes and systems that focus on collaborative imperatives. Change management is the lubricant that oils the wheels of organizations in the race for competitive advantage. Many organizational change efforts face resistance mainly because of the method of implementation. Change Management involves the ability to communicate, influence, collaborate and work in harmony with colleagues. Emotional intelligence competencies allow organizational members to acknowledge the need for change, remove barriers, and enlist others in pursuit of new initiatives aimed at organizational success. Beginning in the late 1990s, banks in Nigeria embarked on change management through BPR that involved emotional intelligence competencies which saw the banking industry’s shareholders’ funds rising from minus N792m in 1996 to N1,935bn in 2011. The survey research design was used for the study, and data were analyzed to demonstrate the relationship between emotional intelligence and successful change management. It was found that EI has strong positive relationship with successful change management in the Nigerian banking industry.
Effect of Training Load Distribution on Aerobic Fitness Measures in Hurling Players
Authors: Malone Shane , Hughes Brian , Collins Kieran
Published: June 2017

Malone, S, Hughes, B, and Collins, K. Effect of training load distribution on aerobic fitness measures in hurling players. J Strength Cond Res 33(3): 825–830, 2019—The aim of the current investigation was to quantify the training intensity distribution of hurling players and their association with changes in aerobic fitness measures within hurling players. Thirty hurling players (n = 30; age 26.5 ± 3.2 years; height 178.9 ± 3.2 cm; body mass 81.5 ± 4.5 kg) were observed during the pre-championship training period (12 weeks). Aerobic fitness measures (V̇o
2max), peak treadmill velocity (km·h−1), heart rates (HRs) at 2 and 4 mmol·L−1 blood lactate concentrations, and Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test performance (Yo-YoIR1) were assessed before and after the training period. Training intensities were categorized using 3 individualized HR zones based on the following criteria: low intensity (≤HR 2 mmol·L−1), moderate intensity (between HR 2 and 4 mmol·L−1), and high intensity (≥HR 4 mmol·L−1). Analysis of 1,025 individual training sessions showed that players spent 58.1 ± 2.5%, 24.3 ± 2.9%, and 17.6 ± 1.3% of time in the low-, moderate-, and high-intensity zones, respectively. The training time spent at high intensity (Zone 3) showed moderate-to-large associations with improvements in S2 (r = 0.80; p = 0.04) and S4 (r = 0.58; p = 0.03). Similar trends were observed for time spent in high intensity and improvements in V̇o
2max (r = 0.77; p = 0.001) and Yo-YoIR1 performance (r = 0.65; p = 0.05). Hurling players have been shown to spend the majority of training time in low (≤ HR 2 mmol·L−1) to moderate intensity (between HR 2 and 4 mmol·L−1) training. However, only the time spent at high intensity (≥90% of maximal HR) was related to changes in aerobic fitness. These results support the usefulness of the quantification of aerobic training load using HR. The study also supports the efficacy of spending elements of training time within the high-intensity zone to increase hurling player's aerobic fitness characteristics.
Mitochondrial permeability transition involves dissociation of F1FO ATP synthase dimers and C‐ring conformation
Authors: Bonora Massimo , Morganti Claudia , Morciano Giampaolo , Pedriali Gaia , Lebiedzinska‐Arciszewska Magdalena , Aquila Giorgio , Giorgi Carlotta , Rizzo Paola , Campo Gianluca , Ferrari Roberto , Kroemer Guido , Wieckowski Mariusz R , Galluzzi Lorenzo , Pinton Paolo
Published: June 2017

The impact of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) on cellular physiology is well characterized. In contrast, the composition and mode of action of the permeability transition pore complex (PTPC), the supramolecular entity that initiates MPT, remain to be elucidated. Specifically, the precise contribution of the mitochondrial F1FO ATP synthase (or subunits thereof) to MPT is a matter of debate. We demonstrate that F1FO ATP synthase dimers dissociate as the PTPC opens upon MPT induction. Stabilizing F1FO ATP synthase dimers by genetic approaches inhibits PTPC opening and MPT. Specific mutations in the F1FO ATP synthase c subunit that alter C‐ring conformation sensitize cells to MPT induction, which can be reverted by stabilizing F1FO ATP synthase dimers. Destabilizing F1FO ATP synthase dimers fails to trigger PTPC opening in the presence of mutants of the c subunit that inhibit MPT. The current study does not provide direct evidence that the C‐ring is the long‐sought pore‐forming subunit of the PTPC, but reveals that PTPC opening requires the dissociation of F1FO ATP synthase dimers and involves the C‐ring.
DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Diagnostic approach to TSH-producing pituitary adenoma
Authors: Tjörnstrand Axel , Nyström Helena Filipsson
Published: June 2017

Thyrotropin (TSH)-secreting adenomas (TSHomas) are the rarest form of pituitary adenomas, and most endocrinologists will see few cases in a lifetime, if any. In most cases, the diagnostic approach is complicated and cases may be referred after being presented as a syndrome of inappropriate TSH secretion or as a pituitary mass. This review aims to cover the past, present and possible future diagnostic approaches to TSHomas, including different clinical presentations, laboratory assessment and imaging advances. The differential diagnoses will be discussed, as well as possible coexisting disorders. By evaluating the existing reports and reviews describing this rare condition, this review aims to present a clinically practical suggestion on the diagnosic workup for TSHomas, Major advances and scientific breakthroughs in the imaging area in recent years, facilitating diagnosis of TSHomas, support the belief that future progress within the imaging field will play an important role in providing methods for a more efficient diagnosis of this rare condition.
Muscle strength in patients with acromegaly at diagnosis and during long-term follow-up
Authors: Füchtbauer Laila , Olsson Daniel S , Bengtsson Bengt-Åke , Norrman Lise-Lott , Sunnerhagen Katharina S , Johannsson Gudmundur
Published: June 2017

Objective

Patients with acromegaly have decreased body fat (BF) and increased extracellular water (ECW) and muscle mass. Although there is a lack of systematic studies on muscle function, it is believed that patients with acromegaly may suffer from proximal muscle weakness despite their increased muscle mass. We studied body composition and muscle function in untreated acromegaly and after biochemical remission.

Design

Prospective observational study.

Methods

Patients with acromegaly underwent measurements of muscle strength (dynamometers) and body composition (four-compartment model) at diagnosis (n = 48), 1 year after surgery (n = 29) and after long-term follow-up (median 11 years) (n = 24). Results were compared to healthy subjects.

Results

Untreated patients had increased body cell mass (113 ± 9% of predicted) and ECW (110 ± 20%) and decreased BF (67 ± 7.6%). At one-year follow-up, serum concentration of IGF-I was reduced and body composition had normalized. At baseline, isometric muscle strength in knee flexors and extensors was normal and concentric strength was modestly increased whereas grip strength and endurance was reduced. After one year, muscle strength was normal in both patients with still active disease and patients in remission. At long-term follow-up, all patients were in remission. Most muscle function tests remained normal, but isometric flexion and the fatigue index were increased to 153 ± 42% and 139 ± 28% of predicted values, respectively.

Conclusions

Patients with untreated acromegaly had increased body cell mass and normal or modestly increased proximal muscle strength, whereas their grip strength was reduced. After biochemical improvement and remission, body composition was normalized, hand grip strength was increased, whereas proximal muscle fatigue increased.
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: The sexually dimorphic role of androgens in human metabolic disease
Authors: Schiffer Lina , Kempegowda Punith , Arlt Wiebke , O’Reilly Michael W
Published: June 2017

Female androgen excess and male androgen deficiency manifest with an overlapping adverse metabolic phenotype, including abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Here, we review the impact of androgens on metabolic target tissues in an attempt to unravel the complex mechanistic links with metabolic dysfunction; we also evaluate clinical studies examining the associations between metabolic disease and disorders of androgen metabolism in men and women. We conceptualise that an equilibrium between androgen effects on adipose tissue and skeletal muscle underpins the metabolic phenotype observed in female androgen excess and male androgen deficiency. Androgens induce adipose tissue dysfunction, with effects on lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and fat mass expansion, while anabolic effects on skeletal muscle may confer metabolic benefits. We hypothesise that serum androgen concentrations observed in female androgen excess and male hypogonadism are metabolically disadvantageous, promoting adipose and liver lipid accumulation, central fat mass expansion and insulin resistance.
Prognostic impact of vascular invasion in differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vuong Huy Gia , Kondo Tetsuo , Duong Uyen N P , Pham Thong Quang , Oishi Naoki , Mochizuki Kunio , Nakazawa Tadao , Hassell Lewis , Katoh Ryohei
Published: June 2017

Background

The role of vascular invasion (VI) as a prognostic marker in thyroid cancer is continuously debated among investigators. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the association of VI with tumor recurrence and patient mortality in differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs).

Methods

We searched five electronic databases for cases of DTC matching our criteria. Data of tumor persistence, locoregional recurrence (LRR), distant recurrence (DR) and overall recurrence/persistence (RP) were extracted and pooled into odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random effect model. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) for disease-specific survival (DSS) was calculated using random effect model weighted by inverse variance method. Publication bias was examined by using Egger’s test and funnel plot.

Results

From 1650 studies, we included 26 studies comprising 11 961 DTCs for meta-analyses. In DTC patients, we found significant associations of VI with tumor persistence (OR = 2.75; 95% CI = 1.46–5.18), LRR (OR = 4.44; 95% CI = 2.94–6.71), DR (OR = 5.08; 95% CI = 2.95–8.75), overall RP (OR = 3.53; 95% CI = 2.09–5.96) and worse DSS (HR = 2.47; 95% CI = 1.45–4.21). Our results also demonstrated that the presence of extensive VI is associated with a significantly higher risk for DR in follicular thyroid carcinomas as compared with focal VI.

Conclusion

Our study demonstrated a significant impact of VI on tumor recurrence and patient survival in DTC patients. The presence and extent of VI should be considered an adverse prognostic factor in DTCs.
Factors Predicting Parent Anxiety Around Infant and Toddler Postoperative Pain
Authors: Rosenberg Rebecca E. , Clark Rachael A. , Chibbaro Patricia , Hambrick H. Rhodes , Bruzzese Jean-Marie , Feudtner Chris , Mendelsohn Alan
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Understanding of parent anxiety and its effect on infant postoperative pain is limited. We sought to identify psychological factors associated with preoperative anxiety for parents of infants and toddlers undergoing elective surgery and to determine whether parent anxiety is associated with child postoperative pain.

METHODS:

This was a prospective cohort study of consecutively eligible patients aged ≤18 months undergoing craniofacial surgery and their parents. Preoperative parent assessment included anxiety, coping, parent health locus of control, and self-efficacy. Postoperative inpatient child pain scores and medication use were collected. Analyses included hierarchical multivariable logistic and linear regression models.

RESULTS:

Parents (n = 71, 90% female) of young children (mean age 6.6 months) undergoing cleft lip or palate (n = 59) or cranial vault repair (n = 13) were enrolled. Maladaptive coping (odds ratio 1.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.1–1.6), low parent self-efficacy (odds ratio 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.3–4.5), and external locus of control (odds ratio 1.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.1–2.9) were independently associated with high parental anxiety. The adjusted odds of moderate/severe parent anxiety was 3.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.5–9.1) higher with each SD increase in maladaptive coping. High parental anxiety was correlated with significantly higher hospital mean child pain scores (1.87 points on 0–10 scale; 95% confidence interval, 0.42–3.70; P = .045).

CONCLUSIONS:

Coping and self-efficacy are modifiable factors that contribute to parent anxiety before and during hospitalization and may be targets for intervention. Infants and toddlers undergoing elective craniofacial surgery with highly anxious parents may be at greater risk for higher postoperative pain.
Familial Caregiver and Physician Perceptions of the Family-Physician Interactions During Interfacility Transfers
Authors: Rosenthal Jennifer L. , Li Su-Ting T. , Hernandez Lenore , Alvarez Michelle , Rehm Roberta S. , Okumura Megumi J.
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Children with special health care needs (CSHCN) have frequent hospitalizations and high specialty care utilization. If they initially present to a medical facility not capable of providing their definitive care, these children often experience an interfacility transfer. This transition has potential to impose hardships on familial caregivers. The goal of this study was to explore family–physician interactions during interfacility transfers from the perspectives of referring and accepting physicians and familial caregivers, and then develop a conceptual model for effective patient- and family-centered interfacility transfers that leverages the family–physician interaction.

METHODS:

This single-center qualitative study used grounded theory methods. Interviews were conducted with referring and accepting physicians and the familial caregivers of CSHCN. Four researchers coded the data. The research team reached consensus on the major categories and developed a conceptual model.

RESULTS:

Eight referring physicians, 9 accepting physicians, and 8 familial caregivers of 25 CSHCN were interviewed. All participants stated that family–physician interactions during transfers should be improved. Three main categories were developed: shared decision-making, provider awareness of families’ resource needs, and communication. The conceptual model showed that 2-way communication allows providers to gain awareness of families’ needs, which can facilitate shared decision-making, ultimately enhancing effective coordination and patient- and family-centered transfers.

CONCLUSIONS:

Shared decision-making, provider awareness of families’ resource needs, and communication are perceived as integral aspects of the family–physician interaction during interfacility transfers. Transfer systems should be reengineered to optimize family–physician interactions to make interfacility transfers more patient- and family-centered.
Moby Dick: la obsesión de la muerte como destino manifiesto
Authors: Alvarado Vega Óscar
Published: June 2017

Este artículo plantea la obsesión, rayana en locura, que posee al capitán Ahab en un afán de venganza que supone no solo su muerte, sino la de los demás marineros a su cargo. Es así cómo, a partir de lo que representa la búsqueda de la ballena, se van prefigurando acontecimientos que permiten prever el fin de estos en su enfrentamiento con Moby Dick, en lo que claramente constituye un rumbo de muerte carente de fama, de honra y de triunfo.
New occurrences of Paepalanthus mollis Kunth var. mollis: extending the distribution of Paepalanthus subg. Xeractis Körn. (Eriocaulaceae) outside the Espinhaço Range, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Authors: Mourão Bárbara , Trovó Marcelo , Mansanares Mariana E.
Published: June 2017

Paepalanthus mollis var. mollis is placed in Paepalanthus subg. Xeractis (Eriocaulaceae) and, until now, it was considered endemic to the campos rupestres of the Espinhaço Range in Minas Gerais, Brazil. We report here the new occurrences of this species from the municipalities of Carrancas and Minduri, at the southern part of the mountain complex of Bocaina and Carrancas. These specimens confirm the occurrence of this species and the subgenus outside the Espinhaço Range. These occurrences are also the southernmost sites of geographic distribution of the group.
New distribution records of Pithecia rylandsi and Pithecia mittermeieri (Primates, Pitheciidae) and an updated distribution map
Authors: Orsini Vinícius Santana , Nunes André Valle , Marsh Laura K.
Published: June 2017

New locations and extension of the known geographical distributions are reported for two recently-described species of saki monkeys: Pithecia rylandsi and Pithecia mittermeieri. The record of P. rylandsi confirms the presence of this species further south in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The new record of P. mittermeieri, which occurred in an ecotone of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal biomes, is the southernmost record for the genus. Recording the distribution extension of both species is essential for their conservation, as well as to promote more studies about their ecology, behaviour, and other unknown aspects of Pithecia.
The Perceptron of Security in the Programs of Czech Political Parties
Authors:   Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń (Poland), Czyżniewski Marcin
Published: June 2017

Author analyzed the programs of all Czech political parties which have their representatives in the Chamber of Deputies in the parliamentary term 2013–2017, assuming that political programs are a reflection of the public discourse, and of the public eye. Security is one of the most important categories in the programs of Czech political parties, in some literally the most important, however, this importance is determined through quantitative, not qualitative, perspective. Diagnosis and solutions are similar in all cases, what allows to conclude that security is not a factor differentiating the Czech political scene.
Women’s Image in a Polish Magazine: Midrash
Authors:   Maria Skłodowska–Curie University in Lublin (Poland), Pietrzyk Bartosz
Published: June 2017

Midrash, a Polish social and cultural profile magazine (published since April 1997), is a monthly journal that is a representative of the so-called ‘minor press’. The magazine is connected with the Midrash Library publishing house. Its founder was Konstanty Gebert and the current editor is Piotr Paziński. The articles of Midrash magazine give answers to such questions as: How are women described and treated in modern patriarchal Judaism culture? In what context is it possible to talk about issues connected with women and Zionism. Midrash magazine also deals with a positive interpretation and presentation of women via the multitude of interviews and articles concerning strong, talented, and determined women. Despite their hard lives these women were and are able to create successful careers and wonderful families. Their voices are an important element in discussions that refer to culture, faith, and historical heritage. The image of the woman as presented by Midrash will be confronted with the cultural recognition of the woman in the Jewish community. This article will use quantitative analysis (the linguistic method and literature studies) with help from the qualitative case study research method.
Intrastate, Regional, and Colonial Contributions to Post-2008 Cultures of Political Violence
Authors:   Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (Poland), Rak Joanna
Published: June 2017

After 2008, European governments undertook austerity measures to come out of the global financial crisis. The policies were imposed to reduce the states’ debts and deficits, increase their economic competitiveness, and restore business confidence. Inevitably, the results of their implementation were socially noticeable and triggered the occurrence of new social movements which became a powerful player on a political scene. In some states, the stakeholders of anti-austerity movements used physical political violence while in the other they settled for mental. The article introduces findings of the comparative study on the relationships between patterns of culture of political violence and intrastate, regional, and colonial explaining factors. By applying statistical analysis, it tests empirically Negussay Ayele’s explanatory model of militant culture of political violence for a theory-verification purpose. As a result, it makes a contribution to the structure of explanation encompassing the particular configurations of indicators.