bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptive cold and permafrost home
Authors: Alekseev Nikolai , Mestnikov Aleksey
Published: August 2023

Severe natural and climatic conditions, remoteness from industrial centres, and poorly developed infrastructure in the northern (Arctic) regions strongly affect the life and comfort of the population. In such conditions, the construction of a maximally habitable, available for construction, energy-efficient and climate-adaptive dwelling house is in particular demand. The main criteria for creating an adaptive house were: 1) cost-effective construction; 2) minimum heat loss during exploitation; 3) maximum use of available and local materials; and; 4) adaptability to climate change. The adaptive individual house was created taking into account many years of experience in the design, construction and operation of residential buildings in the Far North and the peculiarities of the arrangement and way of life of the northern peoples. In the process of work on the project, the main principles of choosing building materials and constructions, design and construction of an individual house in the conditions of the cold climate and permafrost were generalized and specified. It is necessary to note, that projects of adaptive houses should be developed taking into account climatic conditions of the area of construction and logistics as well as modern requirements of resource and energy saving, ecological and fire safety. Such designs should be tested in Central Yakutia, and then replicated for northern and arctic areas.
Study of heating of building structures of production facilities to assess their fire resistance
Authors: Puzach Sergey , Yeremina Tatyana , Korolchenko Dmitry , Eremin Mikhail
Published: August 2023

In this article the research of fire resistance limits of structures for industrial facilities has been carried out. It is known that the fire resistance limits of building structures are determined by experimental and computational methods. The research to solve the problem was based on the temperature regime of real fire conditions. The purpose of the study is to assess the fire resistance of building structures of production facilities by calculating heat and mass transfer, taking into account real fire conditions. To achieve the goal we need the following: 1. Investigate the basic fire safety requirements for the building structures of production facilities; 2. Use computational method to substantiate the necessity of increasing the maximum fire-resistance with the help of flame retardants taking into account the worst-case scenario of real fire development. The evaluation of the fire resistance limits of the supporting metal structures showed that these limits are greater than the required R15 in the worst-case scenario of a real fire. To solve this problem, a field calculation method has been applied, which is used for premises of a complex geometric configuration in which one of the geometric dimensions is much larger than the others. The selected calculation method makes it possible to determine the temperature distribution inside the building structure in the one-dimensional case. We consider the worst-case scenario of fire development in terms of heating the supporting metal structures - burning of fuel oil spill in the boiler room. The results of calculations have shown that in the selected scenario of fire development, the maximum temperature of the supporting metal structures within 15 min from the start of the fire is significantly less than the critical temperature of 500°C. Fire protection coatings for the treatment of load-bearing structures of the production facility are not required.
Hazard assessment of hot water boiler at thermal power plant
Authors: Gordeev Vladimir , Nasyrova Elina , Elizaryev Alexey , Fazylova Alsu , Kamaeva Elvira
Published: August 2023

Our world and every person require a huge amount of energy, both electric and thermal, which are produced mainly at various types of power plants, but mostly on thermal. During the production of electricity and heat at the thermal power plants different potential hazards are occurring: chemical, environmental, fire or explosion. In accordance with the identified hazards on thermal power plants, possible six emergency situation scenarios are suggested. The failure tree method was used for determining the potential danger of a hot water boiler being one of the elements of thermal power plant. Given the conditional probabilities of events, it is obtained that the failure of the hot water boiler is possible. For reducing the probability of failure and improving the hot water boiler safety – safety barriers (functional and symbolic) are proposed. After the safety barriers are inserted, the probability of a hot water boiler failure in our case is almost incredible. Many people live near thermal power plants, which may have a potential risk of harm to their health. An approach for determining the potential risk indicator of the health harm (R) near thermal power plants is proposed. It is provides the division of risk levels into four classes: extremely high degree of potential hazard – R>0.1; high degree of potential hazard – 0.1>R>0.001; average degree of potential hazard – 10−3>R>10−5; low degree of potential hazard – R>10−5.
Application of business modeling tools in the context of the innovation development of the digital economy in China
Authors: Guiyu Hu , Fedorova Lidia
Published: August 2023

With the development of China’s digital economy, a large number of high-tech enterprises have emerged, and the application of business model tools for enterprises has also been innovatively developed. Big data technology has been widely used in business process management. This article analyzed from the perspective of big data to discuss the inovative application of business modeling tools. The article first analyzed the current status of data-driven research in the field of business process management, and expounds the use of big data analysis methods to establish a BPM knowledge base to guide, optimize, and predict the flow of business processes. From the perspective of big data, use the results of data analysis to drive the flow of business processes. The article analyzes and summarizes the core links of building a data-driven BPM. On this basis, the establishment of a data-driven BPM implementation process is described in detail. Finally, the development trend and research challenges of data-driven BPM are given. It has great reference significance for the business process management of Chinese high-tech enterprises in the development environment of the digital economy. At the same time, it also has a certain reference significance for the innovation of business model tools in Russia, helping enterprises to better manage. This article analyzes the application and development of business modeling tools from the perspective of big data, which is in line with the current development direction of the times. At present, most of the literature is studying the construction of BPM process. This article mainly studies the optimization of the process after construction and the processing of data in the process, and gives the development trend and research challenges of data-driven BPM.
The development of critical thinking as the main factor in the competitiveness of an ecologist
Authors: Pogrebnaya Irina , Mikhailova Svetlana
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the research: to consider the problem of the development of critical thinking among students in the educational process of a technical university. Scientific hypothesis: The emergence of a new generation of high technologies has caused an urgent need to review the skills necessary for a future specialist for successful professional activity, placing emphasis on teamwork and creativity, learning through games and research that develop critical thinking, student initiative outside the educational program. The concept of education development notes that quality education is one of the main factors of a person’s success, and the teacher who provides it is both an object and a conductor of positive changes in a person’s personality. As a result, the training programs for future specialists in technical areas must meet the standards of global trends, social needs and professional standards. Employers increasingly need new generation specialists who will be in demand in modern high-tech industries in the country. At the moment, the task is to prepare a highly qualified specialist who is able to professionally apply, in practice, modern forms, methods, and techniques based on the formed competencies and abilities, and also be ready to solve actual problems in practice [1]. Achievement of the set goal should occur through methods and technologies that will allow solving practical problems to ensure the effectiveness of the educational process in higher education.
Building a green economy: environmental risk analysis
Authors: Gorodnova Natalia
Published: August 2023

Industrial and human activities are accompanied by environmental risks that pose serious danger and harm to human health and the environment. It is therefore necessary to objectively assess potential threats and build a new paradigm for sustainable economic development. Solving problems associated with the energy transition and “green” transformation becomes even more relevant in Russia’s current economic conditions and requires forming new economic principles. The article deals with analysing environmental risks and developing areas to prevent and minimize them. Academic novelty lies in the generalization of the principles of building a “green” economy, the development of risk theory, as well as expanding the classification of environmental risks and clarifying the algorithm for assessing environmental and economic damage. A conclusion is made that implementing an environmental strategy is one of the most promising areas of development for Russian companies. The research helped confirm the hypothesis that the regional characteristics of the environment need to be considered and the likelihood of environmental risks needs to be assessed.
Intertextual analysis in interpretation of higher education teacher professional vocation
Authors: Anikina Elina
Published: August 2023

This article attempts to present and illustrate the term intertextuality as a concept and as a method that can offer a framework for the analysis and interpretation of short stories or life stories. Intertextuality, as one of the central concepts in the study of culture, is particularly suited to qualitative research, which focuses on the subjectivity of the narrator, the story and the listener/researcher, as well as the relative and indefinite dimension of knowledge. However, the use of intertextuality as an interpretative method in various types of texts requires the knowledge and ability of the researcher in the areas considered in this article. In the light of the methodological task of the article, we have selected narratives that represent different types of intertextual connections at different interpretive levels, at different levels of complexity and at different levels of ideas. The demonstrated intertextual reading reveals the combination of different types of cultural components in the narrative as a way of representing the narrator’s world; it takes into account the possible macro-context in the narrator’s speech, his style and structure, the narrator’s implicit personal interpretation, and the researcher-interpreter’s ability to reread the narrative.
Current status of green finance in Kazakhstan
Authors: Yessymkhanova Zeinegul , Birmagambetov Talgat , Dauletkhanova Zhanar , Baimamyrov Bolat
Published: August 2023

The article examines the development and formation of green finance in Kazakhstan. It is noted that green finance is now becoming an integral component of achieving global and national sustainable development goals and the formation of a green economy, defining new environmentally sustainable contours and prospects for the development of the international financial system through the active growth of the «green» segment of the global financial market and responsible investment. Financial and economic instruments in the «sphere» of green economy, specifics of formation of ?green? finance in the country, as well as factors impeding their development are analyzed. The article analyzes the current state of «green» finance in Kazakhstan, identifies the problems of «green» finance.
New priorities for the development of the digital economy in Uzbekistan
Authors: Kushakova M. N.
Published: August 2023

This article describes the concept of the digital economy, the prospects for the development of the digital economy in Uzbekistan. Methods for improving the life of the population of the country, improving the quality and income of the inhabitants of the republic.
“Green” finance in Kazakhstan
Authors: Bertayeva Kulyash , Onaltayev Darkhan , Kozhakhmetova Maral , Bazarbaev Asylbek , Kurbanova Karlygash
Published: August 2023

One of the current priorities for the sustainable development of the world economy is to identify common directions of green finance development in all countries for sustainable development, as well as to study the most important areas of green finance and develop a green economy development concept. The concepts of green economy and green finance refer to a relatively new field of economic and financial knowledge that lies at the intersection of individual sectoral sciences and environmental disciplines. As a rule, the scope of interest of the green economy includes serving the liquid resources of society’s development in an ecological direction. “Green” finance also aims at efficient use of natural resources and the maintenance of an adequate state of the environment. In view of this situation, green finance is one of the prerequisites for the sustainable economic development of society in the present stage. For this reason, many scholars recommend that they should be seen as an essential element of the mechanism for maintaining and preserving economic and political stability. The subject of “green” finance is a specific part of finance, which has established itself as an independent field of knowledge, but it is determined by both general development of finance and the requirements and rational use of nature, therefore “green” finance specializes in the turnover of liquid resources in the “human-nature” system.
Factors affecting the emotions of Moscow Metro passengers
Authors: Magera Tatiana , Ermilov Nikolay
Published: August 2023

The article offers recommendations for the reconstruction and new design of Moscow underground structures, as well as recommendations for the emotional self-regulation of citizens moving on the underground. The recommendations are based on the analysis of existing developments as well as the results of research in the field of psychology of emotions, urban planning and architecture. The basic part of this work is the salutogenic approach to the design of the human environment. The process and results of the study on the satisfaction of Moscow residents and visitors to the underground are described. Negative factors of being underground were identified, such as large crowds of people, lack of sunlight and noise pollution. At the same time the negative factors were identified, both perceived and unconsidered by the respondents. Particular attention was paid to lighting as the most important aspect of maintaining both mental state and health in general.
Study on the accessibility of digital health tools
Authors: Kochergina Tatiana , Selezneva Maria , Guseva Tatiana
Published: August 2023

The active transition to digital services due to quarantine restrictions suggests that there is a problem with the availability of digital tools for maintaining the health of Russians. The purpose of the article is to determine the demand for digital services operating in the field of health saving, as well as to identify the limitations of using these tools in modern conditions. The results of the study show that sites and mobile applications that allow receiving medical services remotely are in the greatest demand. The main limitations to the use of digital tools are doubts about the quality of the services provided and the availability of technological capabilities to use the services
The human factor in road safety
Authors: Shukurov M.
Published: August 2023

Analysis of statistical data of road accidents shows that most of them are the fault of drivers, so the main and main task of motor psychology remains the study of the human factor in order to improve road safety and reduce the number of accidents.
Methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of public sector infrastructure management
Authors: Chereyeva Bakhytgul , Alashbayeva Nursulu , Auyeshova Bagdat , Zamzan Aigerim
Published: August 2023

The dynamic development of the economies of countries depends on all economic entities of various forms of ownership. In most countries, a significant share is occupied by the public sector, and its effective management affects the state of economic sectors. In Kazakhstan, a large share of the economy belongs to the state, in this regard, the article considers one of the priority sectors – the railway industry. To assess the effectiveness of railway industry infrastructure management, the authors applied an index method, based on the author’s methodology, an integral index for evaluating the effectiveness of railway industry infrastructure management was calculated. This index was applied on the example of the regions of Kazakhstan. As a result of the study, regions with low, medium and high efficiency of infrastructure management were identified. This technique makes it possible to assess how effective the management of infrastructure facilities in the industry is.
Evaluation of the uniformity of the stroke depth of the working bodies of the combined slope treatment unit
Authors: Tonapetyan P.A. , Yeritsyan G.S. , Esoyan A.M. , Karapetyan M.A.
Published: August 2023

Research has found that the parameters of the surface to be treated, the speed of the unit, the lateral movements of the working bodies and the instantaneous center of rotation, due to the redistribution of the gravity of the unit on the slopes, lead to uneven processing depth. To study the characteristics of the change in the stroke depth of the working bodies of the combined unit, according to the results of field experiments, an assessment was made of the uniformity of the stroke depth of the working bodies of the combined unit for slope treatment.
Analysis of the possibility of using additive technologies in basic parts manufacturing
Authors: Vorobyov Alexander , Bunkova Tamara , Averkov Konstantin
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the article is to choose a selective laser sintering method suitable for basic parts manufacturing, as well as to analyze mechanical characteristics of parts obtained using selective laser sintering, depending on the technology of their production. Basic parts manufacturing is a complex and expensive process which includes casting or welding, milling of base surfaces, and boring of holes. As a rule, body is the largest part of the structure, and accuracy of its base surfaces manufacturing directly affects performance of the entire mechanism. Method of producing blank parts is of paramount importance in body manufacturing. Parts of this type must ensure precision of the relative position of individual elements, both at rest and in the dynamic mode of machine operation. At the same time, it is known that all methods of blank parts production are characterized by the presence of residual stresses in the blank part. Gradually relaxing, these stresses “come out” in the form of deformations, which leads to displacement of parts and units of the entire mechanism, and a change in their interaction. This directly affects performance and resource of the entire machine.
Justification of the type of fit depending on the type of loading and radial clearance in rolling bearings
Authors: Leonov O. , Golinitskiy P. , Antonova U. , Vergazova J. , Grinchenko L.
Published: August 2023

The main cause of failures occurring during the operation of machines is the failure of bearings, the failure of even one lead to the loss of performance of the entire mechanism. The most common are rolling bearings, which have the following advantages: provide more accurate centering of the shaft; have a lower coefficient of friction; have small axial dimensions. One of the most significant factors determining the durability of a bearing is the value of the radial clearance formed in the bearing in its operating condition, which in the same bearings can change dramatically depending on the conditions of their assembly, the fit of the rings on the shaft and in the housing, as well as on the magnitude of the workload. This clearance has a significant effect on the distribution of the load acting on the bearing between its rolling elements, so it is very important to make the right choice already at the design stage.
Parameters and parametric series of a two-link road train of construction machinery
Authors: Kapitonov M. V.
Published: August 2023

The work focuses on the development of a parametric series of any mechanical engineering products prior to identifying the entire nomenclature of parameters that characterise the various features of the product, systematising them into groups, defining a parameter that is viable for the purpose. In our case, where the objects of analysis are the parameters of a two-link wheeled train, it is advisable to consider some concepts and definitions related to the structural components of a wheeled vehicle, of which a road train is a special case. This is partly due to the fact that the lack of a unified interpretation of the concepts relating to products and assemblies of mechanical engineering products causes certain difficulties in classifying parameters according to the structural components of a complex system or machine. Parametrization makes it possible to work through the various basic design variants of a machine within a short period of time and to avoid possible errors.
Determining the force formulas while orthogonal shaped turning by tools with convex radial cutting edge
Authors: Moiseev Denis , Fominov Evgeny
Published: August 2023

Orthogonal shaped turning is a non-free cutting process, because the main geometric and force parameters are variable while radial infeed of a tool: side cutting edge angle (SCEA), width and thickness of cut, rake angle and flank angle etc.. In this regard, the existing force dependencies, which are used for stationary conditions of cutting, are not applicable. Analytical dependences for calculating variable cutting forces while orthogonal turning are obtained on the basis of experimental studies in this work. This approach takes into account the cutting areas and corresponding specific pressures using correction coefficients for changing cutting conditions during machining. The obtained calculated dependences are universal and can be used for a free cutting process, i.e. while cutting with a constant value of radial infeed. The obtained analytical dependences make it possible to calculate the energy parameters in the cutting process: power, torque and work in conditions of orthogonal shaped turning.
Analysis of nickel-clad ceramic powder materials
Authors: Tsareva Irina , Krivina Lyudmila , Berdnik Olga , Rasov Evgeny
Published: August 2023

The task of developing new powder materials for use in gas-thermal technologies is solved by cladding metal oxide particles with a refractory metal component. The results of studies of powders of domestic production based on aluminum oxide (corundum) and zirconium dioxide subjected to chemical nickel cladding (8 and 30 %) are presented. The morphology, granular and phase compositions, as well as the distribution of the elemental composition were studied using electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. It is shown that the formation of a dense and homogeneous metal shell around the particles of the matrix material occurs when 30 % of the metal is clad. According to X-ray diffraction analysis, powder materials have a multiphase composition: (Ni + α-Al2O3 + γ-Al2O3 + γ*-Al2O3) − for aluminum oxide powder clad with 8 % Ni; (Ni + α-Al2O3 + γ-Al2O3) - for aluminum oxide powder clad with 30 % Ni, (Ni + T-ZrO2) - for dioxide powder zirconium clad with 30 % nickel. New powder materials of domestic production are competitive in relation to foreign analogues and due to cladding with a metal component will contribute to improving the plasticity of plasma coatings formed from them.
Design evaluation and material selection of a mulch milling cutter working bodies
Authors: Kolomeichenko Aleksandr , Gribov Ivan , Soloviev Rudolf , Maximov Evgeniy , Karyakin Sergey , Dudareva Natalia , Deev Vladislav , Prusov Evgeny
Published: August 2023

Working bodies of agricultural machinery and equipment are operated in harsh conditions. Mulching cutters shred various types of vegetation, including stumps, trees, bushes, their roots and mix wood residues with soil, which acts as an abrasive. Therefore, great attention is paid to the scientifically based selection of materials for the manufacture of the working parts of the mulching cutter. This study presents a systematic analysis of the operating conditions and design features of the working parts of the mulching cutter. The results of chemical and metallographic analysis, and hardness measurements of materials used for parts that make up the mulching cutter’s working body, as well as for obtaining permanent connections between structural elements, are given. Practical recommendations for material selection that meet the required operational characteristics of the working parts in the operating conditions have been formulated.
Determination of the temperature field of the thermoelectric element when it cools down
Authors: Kanareykin Aleksandr
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the question of finding the temperature field of a rectangular thermoelectric element under boundary conditions of the third kind with an adibatically-isolated side is considered. Based on the Fourier method, the distribution of the temperature field of the thermoelectric element is obtained. The solution itself is obtained in the form of a series containing trigonometric and exponential functions. The reliability of the obtained result is confirmed by the fact that one of the special cases leads the problem to a problem with boundary conditions of the first kind, when the surface temperature is constant. The presented analysis of the main characteristics of thermoelectric converters makes it possible to determine the criteria for selecting materials and temperature conditions in order to increase the efficiency of such converters.
Comparative analysis of problem of thermal shock of elastic elements of small satellite in one-dimensional and two-dimensional formulations
Authors: Serdakova Valeriya
Published: August 2023

The article demonstrates a comparative analysis of one-dimensional and two-dimensional problems of thermoelectricity for thermal shock of a plate. Similar resolutions of a one-dimensional problem in the framework of a two-dimensional problem are identified. Recommendations for such resolutions are given. The results of the research can be used in modeling the thermal shock of the elastic elements of a small satellite.
Data-measuring device to determine the thermophysical properties of polymer composites: information support part
Authors: Dmitriev Oleg , Zhyvenkova Anna , Dmitriev Andrey
Published: August 2023

This paper deals with the problem of developing an information support subsystem of the data-measuring device for determining the thermophysical properties of polymer composites during cure, designed to identify the parameters of a mathematical model necessary to optimize the curing process of composites. Methods and algorithms for processing experimental data and calculating the thermophysical properties of polymer composites, based on an integral representation of the solution of the inverse heat conduction problem and a Kalman filter, has been developed. The structure of the construction, content, goals, parameters and functionality of the basic modules of the data-measuring device application software are presented. A subsystem of informational decision-making support has been developed for choosing the optimal method and algorithm for calculating the thermophysical properties of polymer composites, which allows minimization of the errors in determining properties under given experimental conditions. The subsystem is built on the alternative use of four algorithms for calculating thermophysical properties and is included as a module into the application software of an intelligent data-measuring device for studying the process of curing polymer composites.
Surface modification and functionalization of meso-sized carbon tubes
Authors: Tursunova Nilufar , Musulmanov Noryigit , Fayzullaev Normurot
Published: August 2023

In this article, the specific surface area (Ssol) and pore size distribution were determined by BET absorption at a low temperature of 77K. The purpose of the work is to determine the level of functionality and surface modification of meso-sized carbon tubes. According to the BET model, the specific surface area was calculated and the BJH model of the pore size distribution in the material was used. The morphology of mesoporous carbon was studied using transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis of the synthesis products were performed in the air to determine the leaching conditions. According to thermogravimetric data, the amount of unstructured forms of meso-sized carbon in the samples of meso-sized carbon tubes with a multi-walled mesoporous structure decreases several times, from 2.0-8.0% to 0.5-2%. Electron microscopy confirmed the effectiveness of air annealing. A comparison of different methods of processing meso-sized carbon tubes with a multi-walled mesoporous structure shows the advantages of using nitric acid as a modifying agent, since it promotes the formation of structural fragments of the most molecules among the oxidizing agents used, which are easy to use and by simple washing with water is easily removed from the system without absorption in meso-sized carbon tubes with a multi-walled mesoporous structure. Meso-sized carbon tubes with a multi-walled mesoporous structure processed in nitric acid, as well as the first ones, showed stability up to 450-500 °C when heated in air. Their structural and electronic characteristics, calculated from Raman spectra and diffraction data, remained virtually unchanged. The method of X-ray diffraction of oxidized samples indicates almost complete removal of the metal.
Research of mechanical properties of organic-mineral thermoplastics with mechanically activated fillers
Authors: Ziyamukhamedov Javohirbek , Rahmatov Erkin , Tadjikhodjaev Zakirkhodja
Published: August 2023

In this article presented the results of a study on improving the mechanical properties of composite materials based on polyethylene. A composition materials filled with a thermoplastic polymer - polyethylene modified with a kaolin-graphite filler is proposed, which will allow obtaining high-quality products based on local raw materials, simplifying the material composition, and expanding their performance due to improved strength and tribotechnical properties. On the basis of the studies carried out, pipes for the branch parts of oil collection tanks were obtained, which were tested under production conditions.
Investigation of moisture exchange in the subgrade soils of highways in the cryolithic zone
Authors: Nikolaeva Gamiliya , Kamenchukov Aleksey
Published: August 2023

This paper presents the results of a study of the influence of the degree of compaction, humidity and temperature on the coefficient of moisture conductivity of thawed and frozen soils. To predict the calculated moisture content of soils in the working layer of the subgrade on sections of roads with a close occurrence of soil water level, a method developed by Professor I.A. Zolotar. Conclusions are drawn about moisture migration in thawed and frozen soils.
Road foundation thawing at change in Ice content along the active layer depth
Authors: Galkin A.F. , Zheleznyak M.N. , Plotnikov N.A. , Pankov V.Y.
Published: August 2023

The seasonal temperature and humidity regime of the road foundation in the active layer of soil largely determines the reliability and safety of the automobile road use. The aim of this article is a quantitative assessment of the influence of variation in ice content in the active layer of the road foundation soil in the permafrost area on the depth of seasonal soil thawing. Analytical solutions of one-phase flat Stefan problem at varying ice content along the coordinate were obtained. The solution is in the dimensionless form as a Fourier function based on Stefan number and dimensionless simplexes. The dependence of ice content change on the distance was assumed to be linear. Calculations using the obtained formulas were conducted, comparing against formulas assuming that ice content is a constant. It was determined at which ice content gradient averaging the ice content does not lead to an error greater than permitted in engineering practice in determination of the thawing depth. The results of variant calculations are presented as 2D and 3D charts to assess the influence of the initial ice content in the soil and the degree of its variation over the period of road use on the thawing depth of road foundation.
Assessing peculiarities of condition and behaviour of low-level bridges
Authors: Loktev Alexey , Korolev Vadim , Shishkina Irina
Published: August 2023

The article considers peculiarities of operation and monitoring of low-level bridges which are found on highways of regional, intermunicipal, and local significance. The vibrations of the bridge superstructure are considered in detail taking into account its interaction with other elements of the structure and the environment. It is proposed to use the natural frequency of vibration as a characteristic, the change of which takes into account the change in the condition of the bridge structure.
Thermophysical properties of road asphalt concrete
Authors: Narmanova R.A. , Saylaubekova N.S. , Uderbayev S.S.
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of experimental research of the thermophysical properties of asphalt concrete of various compositions based on oil bitumen and based on oil bituminous rock, which have been carried out on the laboratory unit LKT-1 using the horizontal flat layer method. It is shown that the use of oil bituminous rocks in the composition of road asphalt concrete makes it possible to obtain a material not only with the best physical and mechanical properties, but also with low thermal conductivity, which contributes to ensuring resistance to shear deformations in the road pavement during the entire period of high summer temperatures with a hot climate.
Determination of the two-parameter temperature criterion for the start of the intensive cryogenic moisture transfer process in clay soils of the subgrade
Authors: Razuvaev Denis , Chakhlov Mikhail
Published: August 2023

The article considers the justification of applying the two-parameter temperature criterion for the start of the intensive cryogenic moisture transfer process in soils under the capillary barrier location depth setting. The laboratory experiment was designed and conducted. It aims to determine the two-parameter temperature criteria (temperature and temperature gradient) for starting the intensive cryogenic moisture transfer process in clay soils under the capillary barrier.
Social modelling as a public administration component
Authors: Shelokov Denis
Published: August 2023

The dynamics of social processes in post-Soviet Russia has actualized the importance of the population's assessment of the authorities' performance. In this context, the stabilization of the situation in society, achieved through targeted resolution of the problems relevant to the population under their control, seems to be an essential aspect. Such activity, being a multidimensional phenomenon, is based, among other things, on a multifaceted knowledge of the situation in a certain area of public life. Social modelling is one way of understanding it. Its application to the data analysis on the population's attitude to the activities of public authorities at various levels allowed not only to identify its problematic aspects. It was also the foundation for determining the basic elements of the model of power depending on the hierarchical level - functionality, for the federal level (President of the Russian Federation) - representativeness. At the same time, the activities of the governors are much better evaluated than those of the two chambers of the Parliament of the Russian Federation. The population is least aware of its contents and results.
Retrospective analysis of innovative activity of business entities in the conditions of transformation
Authors: Kurpayanidi Konstantin
Published: August 2023

Objective. To conduct a theoretical analysis of the categories "innovation" and "innovative activity". To prove, from the standpoint of historical dialectics, that innovation is an endogenous source of economic growth. Methods. The study used a systematic approach, retrospective analysis, abstract-logical analysis, grouping, comparison, factor analysis. Results. In the current conditions of instability of the world economy, the issue of its further development, including from a technological point of view, is relevant. In historical retrospect, the emergence of technological innovations on the market had a positive impact on the process considered in the study. The recognition of innovation as an endogenous source of economic growth is due to the nature of the post-industrial economic structure, characterized by the decline in the role of traditional factors of production in the formation of competitive advantages of individual producers, as well as the formation of a qualitatively new type of progressive macroeconomic dynamics. In these conditions, the innovative activity of business entities becomes particularly relevant. The article considers various approaches of scientists and representatives of various economic schools to the definition of the concepts of "innovation" and "innovative activity". Conclusion. Based on a retrospective analysis of a number of scientific papers devoted to innovation, it is concluded that in order to ensure the successful and dynamic development of an enterprise producing high-tech products, it is necessary first of all to widely apply various methods of innovation management, which should include simultaneous and coordinated use of technological, scientific, personnel, commercial and other policies that provide a systematic solution to the problems of innovative development.
Economic mechanisms of nature protection: efficiency and prospects of application in the conditions of the modern dynamically changing world
Authors: Prodanova Natalia , Bondarenko Tatiana , Maksimova Tatiana , Zhdanova Olga
Published: August 2023

This article examines the economic mechanisms of nature protection and their effectiveness in the modern dynamically developing world. The authors discuss various economic instruments that are used to reduce the harmful effects of humans on the natural environment and evaluate their effectiveness in achieving their goals. It provides an overview of the main problems related to nature protection and environmental sustainability in the modern world, discusses various economic mechanisms of nature protection, such as taxes, fees, emissions trading and environmental certificates. Examples of successful implementation of these mechanisms in various countries of the world are described and their effectiveness is analysed. In conclusion, the authors summarize and conclude that economic mechanisms of nature protection can be an effective way to combat environmental problems in the modern world. However, in order to achieve maximum effect, it is necessary to work together with the government, business and the population, as well as to improve the legal and institutional framework for the implementation of these mechanisms. It is important to make sure that these measures will not lead to negative social consequences for the population and business, and also do not have a negative impact on the economy as a whole. The article emphasizes the importance of using economic mechanisms of nature protection in the modern world and calls for a wider application of these mechanisms in various countries and regions of the world to achieve environmental sustainability and preserve natural resources for future generations.
Brand equity in digital marketing: what does it mean in the health sector and how does it affect consumer decisions?
Authors: Basal Murat , Sarkbay Omer Faruk , Kilicaslan Alaaddin
Published: August 2023

Businesses are trying to achieve efficiency in marketing by using digital channels consisting of internet, social media and mobile platforms. The increase to be seen in the annual turnover of an enterprise, as well as the awareness of the brand, the interaction with the customers shows the brand equity. In other words, tangible and intangible assets are also related to brand equity. Here, the power of influence in the market, the customer's perception of value and brand loyalty are seen as factors affecting the situation. As a general concept, the health sector is the formation that deals with individuals and organizations that involve all phases from the production of health-related goods and services to consumption. It is formed by the decision of the consumer in the stages consisting of five steps taken up in the decision-making process of the consumer who needs a service or product. The aim of this study is to try to determine how consumers in the health sector have an effect on the decision-making process in order to understand the value that the consumer shows about a product or service about a business in digital marketing, which is the most important commercial shopping channel of today. In this direction, in order to obtain the necessary information about the field, data were collected from internet users in Istanbul using a Google form. These data were analyzed by applying t test and Anova test in SPSS system. As a result, a positive result has been reached as the effect of brand equity on consumer decision making in the health sector. It has been concluded that consumers give more importance to digital marketing channels and that this area should be more focused on in the health sector.
Organizational and economic bases for the formation of an investment project of an environmental orientation in the conditions of the advanced development of the national economy
Authors: Makhosheva Salima , Kandrokova Marina , Zhanokova Marina
Published: August 2023

The article develops methodological recommendations on the formation of mechanisms for state regulation of investment activity and a methodology for the formation and coordination of investment, environmental and industrial policies in the region, mechanisms for their implementation. Options for improving the economic mechanism of state regulation of investment activity of environmental orientation based on the determination of the environmental effect from the implementation of an investment project are proposed. The proposed investment project for the North Caucasus Federal District (Serevo-Kavkazsky Federal District) is based on the technology of recycling depreciated tires by mechanical grinding. The multiplicity of the project is based on the relationship with the markets of financial, labor, information, material and technical, secondary resources, as well as with the real estate market. The investment project being created will, in the process of implementation and full development, influence the market of suppliers of tires as material resources, the real estate and equipment market, since equipment will be purchased and the building will be reconstructed, thirty-six people will be attracted from the labor market, of which thirty are workers, which will serve the technological process in two shifts. Consequently, the investment project will bring not only environmental, economic, but also social effects, reducing the unemployment rate and ensuring stable wages.
Kinetics of orientation processes in nematic liquid crystals in a periodically changing magnetic field
Authors: Larionov A.N. , Polivaev O.I. , Mashin V.N. , Zakusilov V.P. , Mashina A.V.
Published: August 2023

The method of obtaining a magnetic field, the intensity vector of which moves along a conical surface at different values of the angle between the intensity vector and the axis of rotation of the magnetic field, the values of the intensity and angular velocity of rotation of the magnetic field, is described. An increase in the phase shift between the intensity vector and the director is found with an increase in the angle at the apex of the magnetic field cone. In the studied range of angular velocities of rotation of the magnetic field at angles between the intensity vector and the axis of rotation of the magnetic field less than 60 °, the director moves synchronously with the field. An exponential character of the dependence of the orientation relaxation time, which characterizes the rapid action of liquid crystal technical devices, on pressure and temperature is established.
Dynamics of two liquids in a non-uniformly rotating horizontal cylinder
Authors: Zimasova Alsu , Kozlov Victor
Published: August 2023

Controlling the shape of the interfacial boundary is an important technological task. The effect of rotation velocity modulation on the interface between light viscous and denser low viscosity fluid in a rotating horizontal cylinder is studied experimentally. Liquids are characterized by a high contrast of viscosities, these are glycerin and a low-viscosity (denser) fluorinert FC-40. Glycerin is stained with rhodamine, which makes it possible to study the shape of the interface by photo registration with high accuracy when illuminating liquids with a green laser, which causes rhodamine fluorescence. Experiments are carried out in the centrifuged state of liquids when the gravity field has no effect while varying the rotation speed, as well as the amplitude and frequency of librations. It is found that librations qualitatively change the shape of the interface near the ends of the cavity without affecting the cylindrical interface in the middle cavity part. It is shown that this is due to different "viscous" interactions of liquids with the ends of the oscillating cavity, as a result of which the interface near the ends performs radial oscillations with a frequency of librations, and the latter leads to an averaged radial displacement of the wetting boundary of the ends, which increases with the modulation amplitude. At certain amplitudes, the contact line reaches the outer boundary of the cavity. It is shown that the dynamic equilibrium of the interface between liquids of different densities is determined by the averaged interaction of liquids of different viscosity with the oscillating ends.