bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja dan Lingkungan Kerja Fisik terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Kantor Akuntan Publik Jamaludin, Ardi, Sukimto & Rekan Jakarta Pusat
Authors: Muhamad Hafizh Dzakwan  , Suwanto Suwanto
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine Work Discipline, and Physical Work Environment on employee performance at the Jamaludin, Ardi, Sukimto & Rekan Public Accounting Firm, Central Jakarta. The method used is quantitative. Sampling technique used is saturated with a sample of 50 respondents, the test used is validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, linear regression test, determination coefficient test, hypothesis test (t test and f test). The results of this study simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance with regression Y = 1.672 + 0.622 X1 + 0.342 X2 , the correlation coefficient value of 0.861 means that simultaneously has a very strong level of relationship where the value is in the interval 0.80 - 1000. While the coefficient of determination (R Square) is 0.741 (74.1%). Based on this value, it shows that the percentage between the work discipline variable (X1), and the physical work environment (X2) affects employee performance (Y) by 74.1% while the rest (100%-74.1%) = 25.9% is influenced by other variables that are not included. For the hypothesis value, the value of Fcount> Ftabel or (10,357> 2,011). This is also reinforced by sig <0.05 or (0.000 <0.05) thus Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, this shows that there is a simultaneous significant influence between the variables of Work Discipline (X1)  and Physical Work Environment (X2) on Employee Performance (Y) at the Public Accounting Firm Jamaludin, Ardi, Sukimto & Partners Central Jakarta.
Analisis Tingkat Kebangkrutan pada PT Patra Trading Jakarta
Authors: Melania Chaterine Marpaung
Published: October 2024

This research aims to determine the prediction of the bankruptcy level of PT. Patra Trading uses financial report data from 2021 to 2023. The method used in this research is Quantitative Descriptive non-Statistical. This research uses secondary data originating from the company PT Patra Trading in the form of the company's annual financial report. The population used is a subsidiary of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga. The sampling technique used in this research is Purposive Sampling for taking samples from the population based on certain criteria. The benchmarks for this bankruptcy prediction analysis consist of several ratios; (1) working capital to total asset; (2) rentaint to total asset; (3) profit before interest and tax to total assets; (4) book value equity to book value liquiditas; (5) profit before tax on current liabilities; (6) sales to total assets: (7) return of assets; (8) debt ratio; (9) current ratio. The results of the analysis using the Altman Z-Score, Springate, Zmijewski, Grover model on PT Patra Trading, provide different research results, where two of them say that PT Patra Trading is in the healthy category, namely in the Zmijewski model the final figure for this model is below 0 and the Grover model final figure is above 0.001. The Springate model says that PT. Patra Trading is still in the bankruptcy category where the final figure is below the standard, namely 0.862. Finally using the Altman Z Score model at PT. Patra Trading is in the gray area.
Pengaruh Pendidikan, Pelatihan Kerja, Pengalaman Kerja terhadap Produktivitas Kerja Karyawan pada PT. Pacific Angkasa Abadi
Authors: Tiara Ulla Ananda Putri  , Maulidyah Amalina Rizqi
Published: October 2024

The Background to this research is that in the last five years employee work productivity has decreased from 2018 – 2022. This research aims to test the influence of education, job training, and work experience of employees work productivity at PT PACIFIC ANGKASA ABADI. This research uses a quantitative methods. The population in this research was 45 employees, while the sampling used was using non-probability sampling techniques, namely using saturated sampling, the reason is because the sample in the research is relatively small, which is less than 100 people, it is mandatory to take all of the population, the sample in this study is 45 employees. The analysis technique uses instrument testing, classical assumption testing, and hypothesis testing. For testing tool, use the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of this research show that education has a positive and significant effect on productivity, job training has a positive and significant effect on productivity, and work experience has a positive and significant effect on productivity.
Alcances y consecuencia jurídicas a la disolución de la Asamblea Nacional
Authors: Tamayo Granizo Karen Lizeth , Collaguazo Fiallo Leonardo Vicente
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La disolución de la Asamblea Nacional Constituyente en Ecuador afecta al poder legislativo y poder ejecutivo. Aunque esta acción tiene un tinte legal, la misma expone vulnerabilidades en el sistema democrático, que puede ser usada como herramienta de manipulación política. Esta investigación analiza las complejidades legales de esta decisión y su impacto en la gobernabilidad del país.
Objetivo: Analizar los alcances y consecuencias jurídicas de la disolución de la Asamblea Nacional Constituyente del Ecuador, a razón de las causas Constitucionales que se encuentran establecidas, en la normativa.
Métodos: Estudio de casos, mediante el cual se ha podido determinar las consecuencias y los alcances jurídicos que conlleva la disolución de la Asamblea Nacional; empleando un enfoque analítico y descriptivo, a través de la recopilación bibliográfica.
Exploring lower secondary Malaysian teachers’ perceptions of using the listening materials in the ‘Pulse 2’ textbook
Authors: Singh Gurdip Kaur Saminder , Dullah Nurul Ain Binti , Kumar Menaga , Nair Subadrah Madhawa , Derioh May May Grace
Published: October 2024

As Malaysia’s education is going through major reforms, an impact from the recent global development worldwide, various efforts have been put forward to ensure the Malaysian education system is globally competitive. One of the crucial steps taken was to align its English language education system to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR). In implementing the CEFR-aligned curriculum in the Malaysian classrooms, the Pulse 2 Textbook was introduced as the key resource. Although the initiative to bring in Pulse 2 textbook was a welcomed approach, just like any policy implementation, the textbook brought various challenges. This hindered both teachers’ and students’ capability to fully participate in the curriculum and accomplish the required language proficiency outcomes. The study reported in this paper is one part of a larger study on CEFR-aligned curriculum in the Malaysian classrooms. Since this study was one of very scarce studies that explored the practicality of the foreign, CEFR-aligned English textbook to teach listening skills, the focus was to explore teachers’ perceptions. Specifically, the study investigated teachers’ level of satisfaction, pedagogical approaches, and challenges in using Pulse 2 for teaching listening skills to lower secondary students. A phenomenological qualitative research design using open-ended interviews was applied to gain a detailed understanding of teachers’ perceptions of using the listening materials in the Pulse 2 textbook. The sample consisted of five teachers currently employed as lower secondary English language teachers in a government school in Semenyih.  Data was analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s Six-phase Thematic Analytic Process. Coding was done using the In-Vivo coding method to develop themes for discussion. The study found that overall, teachers were satisfied with the materials in the textbook to be used in teaching listening skills. Although teachers still faced issues of cultural content and lexical suitability, activities from the textbook were easily modified and adapted for students of various proficiencies to achieve curriculum objectives. However, much still needs to be done in terms of improving school infrastructure, supplying quality equipment and providing professional development support to teachers to ensure that they can accurately and confidently carry out the listening activities outlined in the Pulse 2 Textbook. This study has crucial implications that suggest a need for a more inclusive and supportive approach to managing both the pedagogical requirements and professional development of teachers involved in teaching listening skills to lower secondary students using the Pulse 2, CEFR-aligned textbook.
The influence religiosity as a moderating patient satisfaction and positive word of mouth in Indonesian hospitals
Authors: Fatkhunnajah Emmie , Andjarwati Tri , Cempena Ida Bagus
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study was to fill a gap that is critical to developing strategies to increase positive word of mouth in health settings. Understanding the mediating role of patient satisfaction can provide insight into the areas of hospital service quality that most directly influence patient perception and subsequent recommendations. By forming clearer connections between these variables, healthcare providers can tailor their services to improve patient satisfaction and in turn stimulate positive word of mouth. The moderate role of religiosity can provide insight into whether and how religious beliefs influence patients' likelihood of spreading positive information by word of mouth based on their satisfaction with the healthcare experience. The research method used Causal Explanatory Research with a sample of 297 respondents in hospitals with religious ideology in Indonesia. Data management is done using SEM. Religiosity as a moderator of the relationship between patient satisfaction and positive women shows a C.R value of 6.075 and a significant probability (ρ) of 0.000 is obtained which is smaller than the required significance level of 0.05. Religiosity is able to significantly moderate the influence of Patient Satisfaction on Positive WOM.
Feasibility of establishing a waste recycling plant in the north of Najaf city and supporting the sustainable environment
Authors: Alfadhel Ali Abdulhussein Khaleel , Ali Maher Naji , Alfadhal Fadhal A. , Alshimaysawe Usamah AAlkarim AAlmunam
Published: October 2024

The increase in population growth, industrial progress in various fields, rising income, and improved living standards have led to societal development, and consequently, an increase in consumer needs and demands. This has resulted in irrational resource consumption and a significant increase in waste quantities, posing a major threat to the environment and human health, this research came as an attempt to enhance sustainability, create investment opportunities, solve the problem of resource shortages, and eliminate waste in an emerging country like Iraq. A feasibility study was prepared based on the technical study and conducting meetings with officials in Najaf Governorate. A set of conclusions and recommendations were reached, the most important of which were the following. By reviewing the extracted financial ratios, it became clear that the project has a high economic feasibility that is beyond comparison, and the reason can be justified by the huge amount of waste present in the targeted area, in addition to the fact that Iraq is a new experience in such industries related to sustainable development and an industry that provides resources and raw materials for other industries that are considered of great importance and are in demand in Iraq and other neighboring countries, The most important recommendations were Starting to refer the project to an investment company according to the government conditions of the Najaf Governorate Investment Authority and generalizing the successful experience to the governorates of Iraq, and giving this project the utmost importance when compared to other projects as it provides the basic and important resources for local industries, and this is consistent with Iraq’s strategy of focusing on industry and establishing industrial cities.
Mapping women's empowerment to improve family welfare in coastal tourism villages
Authors: Prasiasa Dewa Putu Oka , Sirna I Ketut
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this research is to open the insight of all of us those women are potential parties that can be utilized to improve family welfare. Pro poor tourism is a concept in the development of tourist village areas that involve the poor. The selected areas are coastal tourism villages (Serangan-Denpasar Tourism Village, Les-Buleleng Tourism Village, Jasri-Karangasem Tourism Village, Medewi-Jembrana Tourism Village). This research uses an interpretive paradigm which is qualitative research using phenomenology as a methodology. It was found that obstacles to women's empowerment in Pro Poor Tourism, namely increasing women's access to education, health, employment, leadership, and protection from all forms of discrimination and violence. The conclusion is that there needs to be a concrete solution to the obstacles faced in empowering women in the four tourist villages, so that women can be empowered holistically to improve family welfare. Many studies on Balinese women have been conducted where ideally Balinese women are equal to men. But unfortunately, in the four tourist villages studied, none of them entrusted women as managers of tourist villages. The practical implication is that these findings can be considered in the future to see women's empowerment as the spearhead of family and national welfare.
The role of virtual reality on physical and psychological health among older adults: A systematic review
Authors: Liao Yeqian , Hsu Mei Hua Kerry , Xie Feng Ling , Dai Hong Xia , Liu Ming
Published: October 2024

To synthesis and appraise the existing research about the effect and outcomes of virtual reality (VR) interventions among older adults. A systematic review. This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and including multiple databases: Scopus, CINHAL, PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science, from 30 March 2014 to 30 March 2024. A total of 13 studies from 424 articles were included in the review. Seven studies were randomized control trial (RCT) and five studies were quasi-experimental study for feasibility trial with one for longitudinal study. The intervention group showed positive outcomes on physical activity and cognitive function (p<0.001) among older adults. This review concluded that the use of virtual reality intervention can promote cognitive function, physical health, mental health, well-being, and reduce the risk of falls among older people. VR technology plays the role to improved physical and psychological health among older adults. Future research can study the standardized VR intervention on health promotion for the effect and sustainability among older people.
Optimization of coupling phase-change materials and thermal screens in façade-integrated hybrid photovoltaic collectors for optimal energy production and thermal comfort in buildings
Authors: Toka Kokou Aménuvéla , Nougbléga Yawovi , Laré Yemboate Doubik , Kpodé Kodjo
Published: October 2024

The operation of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems gives rise to a significant proportion of the solar radiation absorbed by the cells being unable to be converted into electricity. This phenomenon consequently increases the temperature. This temperature increase impacts the cells' electrical efficiency, leading to a reduction in their performance and accelerating their degradation. The combination of phase-change materials with insulating fluid blades, situated behind photovoltaic cells, represents a passive cooling solution that optimizes the performance of hybrid photovoltaic systems when incorporated into facades. The present study assesses a system that incorporates paraffin as a PCM and an argon layer in a PV-PCM-argon layer physical model (PVT/ArPCM), in comparison with a PV-PCM system (PVT/PCM), to enhance the thermoelectric performance of photovoltaic systems mounted on façades while ensuring optimal thermal comfort within buildings. The discrete heat transfer equations were solved using the Thomas algorithm and the iterative Gauss-Seidel method in conjunction with the implicit finite difference method. The findings illustrate that the electrical efficiency experienced only a slight increase, estimated at 0.01%, while there was a notable enhancement in the indoor thermal comfort experienced by occupants, with a 65% improvement observed due to the incorporation of an argon-filled thermal screen. The incorporation of an argon layer led to a minor reduction in temperature of 0.01°C in the photovoltaic cells, resulting in a minimal improvement of 0.014% in electrical power production. The phase-changing material incorporated into PVT/ArPCM demonstrated superior thermal management capabilities in comparison to the same material employed in PVT/PCM.
Digital tax policies and compliance challenges for MSMEs in Indonesia
Authors: Sibarani Pasu , Fadjarenie Agustin , Widayati Catur , Tarmidi Deden
Published: October 2024

As digital Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) rapidly grow in Indonesia, ensuring their compliance with tax regulations has become an urgent priority. This study delves into the challenges and innovative solutions to enhance tax compliance, focusing mainly on digital content creators. This study examines the challenges and solutions for improving tax compliance among digital Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia, mainly digital content creators. The research aims to analyze the impact of tax sanctions, modernization of tax administration, and tax policy reforms on the compliance behavior of these entities. A qualitative approach was employed, utilizing interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) with informants selected through purposive sampling. The findings indicate that tax sanctions significantly influence compliance, but modernization of tax systems improves transparency and efficiency, thus enhancing compliance. Policy reforms, particularly those tailored to the unique needs of digital businesses, offer the flexibility needed for fulfilling tax obligations. The novelty of this research lies in the proposed model that integrates tax sanctions, administrative modernization, and policy reforms, addressing the unique characteristics of digital MSMEs. The practical implications suggest that implementing a user-friendly digital tax system, supported by clear guidelines and targeted reforms, can simplify compliance for digital MSMEs, leading to better tax reporting. These findings provide actionable insights for policymakers in designing effective, adaptive tax policies for Indonesia's rapidly growing digital economy.
Theoretical investigation of bonding type effect in ferrocene dimers on electric and thermoelctric proteprties
Authors: Jasim Rasha Talal , Noori Mohammed Deia
Published: October 2024

Thermoelectric materials possess the capacity to significantly impact worldwide energy usage by virtue of their capability to transform heat into electrical energy. However, the majority of these materials exhibit low efficiency. Currently, there are ongoing studies exploring the thermoelectric properties of molecular junctions and low-dimensional structures. These investigations aim to identify and evaluate new nanostructure systems that can overcome the existing limits. In this study, we have conducted a theoretical comparison of the electrical and thermoelectric properties of four distinct topologies of ferrocene dimers. The findings of our study indicate that the connectivity and bonding type between ferrocene dimer units play a crucial role in controlling the quantum interference (QI) and enhancing the thermoelectric properties of these molecular junctions. These structures are highly promising for use as thermoelectric enhancers and are well-suited for many thermoelectric applications.
Understanding and mitigating settlement in gypseous soils: A comprehensive study on the role of saturation and soil stabilization techniques
Authors: Al-Assady Fadhl Abbas Ahmed , Alkifaee Abdulazeez A. Azeez
Published: October 2024

This study examines the influence of saturation levels and soil additives on the load-settlement properties of gypseous soils, a significant geotechnical concern in regions like Iraq. The study analyzes the deficiencies of conventional oedometer testing, which often fail to adequately represent the true unsaturated conditions prevalent in these soils. The research investigates the impact of varying matric suction (Ψ) values on the compressibility of untreated, cement-treated, and CKD-treated gypseous soils. A modified oedometer apparatus, engineered to control and quantify matric suction, was used to replicate diverse moisture conditions. The experimental program investigated soils with varying gypsum contents (8.8%, 12.66%, and 30%), reflecting the diversity of gypseous soils seen in the field. The findings demonstrate that increased saturation levels significantly enhance settling in gypseous soils. As matric suction increases, settlement is markedly reduced due to elevated soil suction pressure and enhanced effective stress. The findings underscore the importance of unsaturated conditions in improving the load-bearing capacity of these soils. The study illustrates the advantageous impacts of cement and CKD treatments in reducing settling. The effectiveness of these methods is particularly apparent in partially saturated environments, emphasizing the need of including matric suction into design considerations.  This research improves understanding of the complex behavior of unsaturated gypseous soils. The findings have practical importance for geotechnical engineering, including foundation design, ground improvement methods, and the development of effective solutions for settlement issues in areas with high gypsum concentrations.
The marketing promotion in the pharmacutical sector in Kosovo- case study
Authors: Asllani Besa , Asllani Gani , Grima Simon
Published: October 2024

The paper addresses the issues that have to do with the use of marketing and give a general overview for the pharmaceutical industry, the main marketing concepts, identify the importance of marketing in promoting sales of pharmacy companies, understand which strands are used to promote sales and satisfy the needs of consumers in terms of improving their health. In addition, the paper elaborates the development of the pharmaceutical sector in Kosovo, the competition between pharmaceutical producers and distributors, the strategies that firms use to promote products and services, increase of quality of medicines, price reduction and other issues. The objective of the paper is to explain how pharmaceutical marketing is carried out by focusing more on the communication and romotional techniques used, to give an overview of the functioning of this sector and to identify the importance of promotion in promoting sales. The methodology used is based on comparative analysis through the use of primary and secondary sources. For analysis purposes, a structured questionnaire was prepared for pharmaceutical products, which was distributed physically to the pharmaceutical workers. Scientific literature, local and international official reports and other relevant sources were also used. The results and findings of the research show that promotion has a significant impact on promoting sales.
Does intellectual capital have an impact on company risk and performance?: Effect of moderation political connection
Authors: Mahardhika Budi Wahyu , Anshori Muslich , Setiawan Rahmat
Published: October 2024

This study looks at the effect of intellectual capital on firm performance and risk as well as the moderating effect of political connections.  Companies in the current economic era are required to pay more attention to intangible resources. Intellectual capital is considered as the main intangible asset for companies used to create and use knowledge to increase firm value. The population in this study are non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2014-2021. The analysis method used in this study uses Moderated Regression Analysis. The study finds that the effect of intellectual capital has a significant effect on firm performance and risk, respectively. The moderating effect also affects the overall performance and market-side risk of the firm. Political connections make corporate decision-making inefficient. Future research can consider industry differences in the relationship of intellectual capital to firm performance and risk. This research has managerial implications, namely companies should consider increasing investment in the development and utilization of intellectual capital. Intellectual capital should be integrated into long-term corporate strategy. The limitations of this study are that the findings of this study are limited to developing countries and the need for more comprehensive measurements for intellectual capital.
Food security status of Zimbabwean immigrants living in Msunduzi municipality, South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hlatshwayo Mavis , Mbombo-Dweba Tulisiwe Pilisiwe
Published: October 2024

The study aims to examine food security status of Zimbabwean immigrants living in Msundizi municipality, South Africa, during the COV-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study design using a mixed-methods approach was adopted to collect data from 379 randomly selected Zimbabwean immigrants. Food security status was assessed using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression models. Most immigrants were males (66%), 52.2% were 18–38 years old, and 91.4% were employed. Most respondents (51%) had a tertiary education, and 35.9% earned between R3001 and R4500. The majority of immigrants (75%) were food insecure. Food insecurity was perceived to be due to reduced/loss of employment, socio-political factors such as theft, insecurity/violence, political crisis, lack of land ownership, and high food prices. The age, immigration status, and type of employment were associated with food insecurity. Food insecurity is prevalent among Zimbabwean immigrants living in Msunduzi municipality. There is a need for targeted food security policies that are aimed at increasing availability and access to food among immigrants. The SA government should extend food safety nets to all, regardless of citizen status.
Empowering work-life balance: Exploring the nexus of flexible work arrangements, job satisfaction, and women's well-being in SMEs
Authors: Yen Wendy Teoh Ming , Yen Yuen Yee , Yen Dan Yee
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is to evaluate flexible working arrangements, work-life balance, and job satisfaction among women who work in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of flexible working arrangements, particularly for women juggling work and family responsibilities. The study evaluates the extent to which flexible working arrangements enable women to maintain a balance between work and family life in order to achieve work-related satisfaction. One hundred and thirty questionnaires were collected from the respondents for analysis. The analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between flexible working arrangements and work-life balance/job satisfaction among women working in SMEs. Importantly, work-life balance is an explicit factor that influences job satisfaction and mediates the relationship between flexible working arrangements and job satisfaction. These findings emphasize the need for organizations to seriously consider implementing flexible working arrangements and work-life balance policies in return for enhanced satisfaction of their workforce, especially women in SMEs in Malaysia. Research in this area is scarce; however, these findings offer valuable insights for SMEs in improving employee satisfaction and striving for growth and sustainability in the long run.
The Dark Side of Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Critical Analysis of its Impact on Learners Aged 12-14 Years
Authors: Darling Michael Gyan , Owusu Seth Kofi , Botchwey Mordecai , Asenso Daniel
Published: October 2024

This research explores the connections between Teacher-Led Instruction (TLI), Peer Collaboration (PC), and Artificial Intelligence Assistance (AIA) in influencing Student Cognitive and Social-Emotional Development (SCED). Through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, the study found that TLI and PC are important positive predictors of SCED, highlighting the crucial role of collaborative and teacher-led approaches in promoting overall student development. Contrastingly, there is a negative association between AIA and SCED, underscoring the potential disadvantages of excessive dependence on technology at the cost of meaningful human connections. The results indicate that educational settings should give precedence to incorporating effective teaching approaches while utilizing technology as an auxiliary instrument rather than a replacement for conventional teaching methods. By embracing a multifaceted approach to instruction, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on enhancing educational practices in an increasingly digital landscape, ultimately advocating for a future where students thrive both academically and emotionally while studying with Artificial Intelligence cautiously.
Effect of Agricultural Pesticide, Cypermethrin on Changes in Behavioural and Protein profile of larvivorous fish Aplocheilus lineatus
Authors: S Sai Krishna , Elayi Mrudula , E. Sherly Williams
Published: October 2024

Cypermethrin is a synthetic pesticide that is widely used in agricultural fields and domestic areas to control pests and insect vectors. Cypermethrin considered to be a synthetic pyrethroid is extremely lethal on insects, and fishes and has a low impact on mammals and Aves. The present study aimed to investigate the acute toxicity of cypermethrin on the larvivorous fish Aplocheilus lineatus, which is the most common fish seen in pools, ponds, streams, paddy fields, and similar wetlands. The fish is highly significant in controlling vector-borne diseases prevailing in tropical countries. The LC50 value was determined to be 1.8 µg/L after 96 hrs of exposure to cypermethrin and the lethal value was 4 µg/L. The fish showed various behavioral changes during the experiment, including convulsions, vigorous gasping for air, erratically swimming, and loss of equilibrium. The results showed that even low concentrations of cypermethrin can exert acute effects on the biochemical constituents and behavioral aspects of A. lineatus. Total protein, structural protein, and soluble protein decreased from 1.33 ± 0.003 to 0.746 ± 0.015 mg/g, 0.967 ± 0.024 to 0.476 ± 0.0272 mg/g, and 0.444 ± 0.09 to 0.360 ± 0.018 mg/g, respectively, at 96 hours of exposure to 1 µg/L of cypermethrin. At the same time, glycogen levels also decreased from 1.11 ± 0.054 to 0.51 ± 0.019 mg/g. These variations in the behavioral and biochemical content of the fish after exposure indicate the toxic effect of cypermethrin. Hence the present study suggests monitoring and regulatory use of this pesticide.
Impact of Effluent Treatment Plant Sludge on Growth, Physiology, and Biodegradation Potential of Cyanobacteria: Anabaena variabilis, Nostoc muscorum, and Nostoc sp.
Authors: Paul Sibange , Thyrniang Barihun , Deb Sumit , Adhikari Dr Samrat
Published: October 2024

Organic compounds and pollutants from industries like oil refineries, such as total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are known to pose toxic effects to the environment by degrading the soil and water quality along with the deposition of heavy metals thereby causing a threat to the life forms existing in them. This pose of imbalance in the ecosystem calls for an exigent notice and effort regarding controlling it. Hydrocarbon sludge from Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) is one such toxic effluent eluted from oil refineries, and that is yet to be reported for a biodegradation study. Among a huge number of physical and chemical techniques, bioremediation has been a much talked about measure but is not in the required scale of practice yet. The reason could be a lack of efficient standardization for environmental applications. Cyanobacteria being well-known for their ability to survive difficult environmental conditions efficiently and to adapt to a mixotrophic nature, makes them ideal for performing bioremediation at a large scale in the open environment. The study aimed to quantify this ability of cyanobacteria by assessing the TPH content of the treatment sample, Effluent Treatment plant (ETP) hydrocarbon sludge pre- and post-treatment using GC-FID. The study was designed to treat the sludge by cyanobacterial strains in a pre-determined lethal dose concentration and monitor the activity of enzymes vital for a basic degradation metabolism, in addition to the growth rates of the cultures. The figures obtained from the enzyme assays and the growth rates appeared to be collateral in the direction of it being a highly promising bioremediation approach that could be efficiently performed by increasing the scale of application. The chromatograms obtained from the GC-FID depicted significant reductions in the TPH content of the treated samples that strongly indicated the potential of the cyanobacterial cultures to bioremediate an oil- contaminated site or treat toxic effluents from oil refineries.
Exploring Factors Influencing the Internal Displacement Decisions Amidst Natural Disasters in Bangladesh
Authors: Muzib Md Moniruzzaman , Vedi Sivasankar , Liza Sharmin Akhter
Published: October 2024

Bangladesh, a densely populated country in the world’s largest coastal delta, is seriously threatened by the ongoing onslaught of major natural disasters brought on by climate change. The main perpetrators, cyclonic storms and floods cause millions of displaced people each year and increase the vulnerability of communities already facing devastation from the environment and poverty due to these disasters. This study explores the complex patterns of internal displacement brought on by cyclonic storms and floods in Bangladesh from 2008 to 2022. The study identifies the patterns, trends, vulnerable districts, and influencing factors of displacement by analysing data from multiple sources. Every year, an average of 6.14 million people are displaced by floods, a persistent problem. Gaibandha is the district most at risk, having seen 13 floods in the previous 15 years. Throughout the study period, Bhola experienced eight strikes from cyclonic storms that decimated the southern coast. These natural disasters force people to move from environmentally susceptible to safe areas. The disaster’s intensity or frequency and some economic, social, and political factors influence this decision to displace. The study also identifies factors that influence displacement decisions after catastrophic disasters. Additionally, it emphasises the importance of understanding displacement patterns and influencing factors to make informed decisions about displacement in such situations.
Fish Species Composition, Distribution, and Community Structure in the River Kankai, Eastern Nepal
Authors: Gurung Jeevan Kumar , Mondal Debashri , Limbu Jash Hang
Published: October 2024

It is essential to track how fishing pressure affects the exploited fish population in the River Kankai to ensure resource development and sustainability. The current state of affairs in the River Kankai, situated in the eastern Nepalese districts of Ilam and Jhapa, continues to raise serious concerns among the general public. The purpose of this study is to determine trends in the fish communities in the River Kankai across time and location and to examine how physicochemical factors affect fish dispersal and abundance at six sites that were chosen based on operability and accessibility. Monthly fish samples were collected between January 2023 and December 2023. We used cast nets in different sizes, monofilament gill nets, fish baits, and local fish traps to collect the fish. Fish abundance and distribution were largely determined by water parameters like turbidity, total hardness, total alkalinity, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, water temperature, and nitrate-N, according to an analysis of variance (ANOVA) on canonical correspondence analysis. Altogether, 94 species in 12 orders, 28 families, and 60 genera were gathered, of which 6 species represented Nearly Threatened (NT) and 3 species were found to be Vulnerable (VU) as per the IUCN red list categories of threatened species. The current study aims to improve the community structure and ichthyofaunal diversity in the River Kankai.
Impact of Pendimethalin on Growth and Reproduction of Eisenia fetida
Authors: Khunteta Anamika Khandelwal , Singh Anuradha
Published: October 2024

Earthworms play a crucial role in soil quality and agricultural practices, and their populations can be influenced by various factors, including the presence of pesticides like pendimethalin used in soybean crop. This study aims to evaluate the toxicity of pendimethalin on Eisenia fetida, a common naturalized exotic earthworm species found in Kota, India. Five sets of 10 worms were exposed to different concentrations of pendimethalin (ranging from 0.474 to 47.4 mg/kg dry weight), with one set of control soil. After four weeks, the growth rate and reproduction of Eisenia fetida were significantly reduced by pendimethalin exposure, highlighting the potential negative impact of this herbicide on soil ecosystems.
Effects of Limiting Nitrate Concentration on Morphological and Differential Expression of High- and Low-Affinity Nitrate Transporter Genes of Diverse Wheat Genotypes
Authors: Kumar Amresh , Arya Aditi , Sinha Subodh Kumar
Published: October 2024

Nitrate uptake in wheat is an essential and complex process that involves multiple proteins. Roots are the major plant organs that take nitrate molecules from the soil and transport them to the above-ground parts. They involve several high- and low-affinity nitrate transporters located in the plasma membrane of different root and shoot tissues. In the present study, we investigated the responses of different selected wheat genotypes, released in India for different agroclimatic regions in a different year, for their biomass, root traits, and expression of high- and low-affinity nitrate transporters genes under optimal and limiting nitrate conditions at the 14 days seedling stage. The maximum number of genotypes showed increased biomass and total root size (TRS) under nitrate starvation, which indicates that the variation of TRS traits in different genotypes responds differently to nitrate starvation. Gene expression of TaNRT2.1-4 showed up-regulated expression under low external N-concentration in all genotypes. Among the four TaNRT1.1 orthologs, TaNPF6.1 and TaNPF6.4 showed up-regulated expression, whereas TaNPF6.2 and TaNPF6.3 expressed down-regulated in root at higher nitrate concentrations. TaNRT1.1 (TaNPF7.1 and TaNPF7.2) showed up-regulated in root at optimum nitrate concentrations. TaNPF6.1, TaNPF6.4, TaNPF7.1, and TaNPF7.2 showed a typical expression of low-affinity nitrate transporter genes under optimum external N-concentrations. Our findings indicate that HD2967, NP890, and VL804 showed the highest expression of TaNRT2.1-4, TaNRT1.1, and TaNRT1.5, respectively, possibly involved in nitrate uptake and translocation (from root to shoot).
Bird Diversity on an Under-Constructed Educational Campus: A Case Study of Nalanda University, Rajgir, India
Authors: Yadav Harsh , Pansari Shashank , Phartyal Shyam S.
Published: October 2024

Bird species have been critically impacted by increasing anthropogenic activities such as infrastructural construction. Academic institutions with dedicated semi-natural landscapes may provide shelter to high bird diversity. However, assessing the bird diversity of an under-construction campus becomes critical for future comparison. This study was conducted at Nalanda University Campus, India, for five months, as the campus was at the fag-end of the construction phase with diverse land use changes. 91 bird species were found on campus primarily dominated by insectivores and omnivores. Occurrence, and migratory status of the species revealed that 47% were resident, primarily occupying aquatic habitats. Despite presence of Least Concern IUCN status bird species in the campus, substantial number of them had a declining abundance index at the national level. Sites with high land conversion showed a low number of bird species. The overall dominance and evenness highlighted a good bird diversity, contrary to altered sites where both these attributes were high. Data for the documented bird species on citizen science platforms highlighted limited information on species interactions. This study attempted to bring attention to the unchecked impact of construction activities on bird diversity and regular monitoring in the widely discussed emerging semi-natural shelters, i.e., academic campuses.
Tap Water Microbial Contamination in Prayagraj: Isolation, Purification and Characterization of Pathogenic Bacteria and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns
Authors: Eusebius Aanchal , Raju M.P. , Shukla Kartikeya , Singh Priyanka
Published: October 2024

Since water is necessary for life, it is crucial for preserving human health and biological processes. However, serious health dangers are associated with drinking water contamination, especially in areas where access to clean water is scarce. The purpose of this study was to assess the physicochemical and microbiological properties of tap water from 10 distinct locations in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. Water samples were collected and analyzed microbiologically to isolate and identify harmful bacteria. The study detected the presence of several gram-negative bacteria, including Leminorella grimontii, Morganella morganii, and Citrobacter braakii, among others. Temperature and pH levels varied throughout the sampling sites, according to physicochemical analysis, and some samples had levels of alkalinity over the WHO-recommended safe limits. Antibiotic susceptibility tests indicated that the isolated bacterial strains displayed varying levels of resistance to different antibiotics, with higher resistance to Gentamicin than to Ampicillin. These findings highlight the significance of ongoing water quality monitoring and improvement to reduce the risk of waterborne illnesses, particularly in areas with poor access to clean water and sanitation. Ensuring the safety and purity of water for human consumption is crucial for protecting public health, especially in areas vulnerable to illnesses caused by contaminated water. This study provides valuable insights into the microbiological ecology of Prayagraj tap water and emphasizes the need for effective water management strategies to protect human health and welfare.
Pheromones in Aquatic Animals
Authors: Jacob Ninan , Padodara Ramesh Jamnadas
Published: October 2024

Pheromones, the semiochemicals are of great interest in animal husbandry and medical sciences due to their applications in food production, stock management and pest control activities. While several reviews on the subject are available, the present work is an attempt to summarise the advances in the area of aquatic animals, especially fishes.
Avaliação do teor de gordura no leite utilizando métodos ópticos
Authors: Paiva Larissa Silva , Monte Adamo Ferreira Gomes do , Batista Fabiana Regina Xavier
Published: October 2024

O leite pasteurizado pode ser categorizado em integral, semidesnatado e desnatado, com teores de gordura acima de 3%, entre 0,6% e 2,9% e menor ou igual a 0,5%, respectivamente. Neste estudo foram apresentadas duas técnicas para classificar o leite com base no teor de gordura, utilizando o coeficiente de espalhamento reduzido (µs’). Para determinar esses dados na esfera integradora, a relação direta entre o teor de gordura do leite e µs’ foi estabelecida. Ou seja, quanto maior o teor de gordura, maior o valor de µs’. Isto ocorre devido à relação direta entre µs’ e o tamanho, geometria e quantidade de partículas/moléculas presentes na amostra. A técnica visa estabelecer uma faixa de valores para determinar cada tipo de leite, µs' ≤ 1,5±0,035 mm-1 para desnatado, entre 1,5 e 3,1±0,035 mm-1 para semidesnatado e µs' ≥ 3,1±0,035 mm-1 para leite integral. Além disso, o diâmetro médio dos glóbulos de gordura, que varia entre 2 e 2,5 µm após a homogeneização, foi determinado. Utilizando o método Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging (SFDI), a faixa de classificação obtida foi µs' ≤ 0,35±0,016 mm-1 (leite desnatado), µs' entre 0,35 e 0,60±0,016 mm-1 (leite semidesnatado) e µs' ≥ 0,6±0,016    mm-1 (leite integral). Complementarmente, a formulação de fantomas foi mencionada para apresentar a praticidade das técnicas. Quanto à implementação industrial, recomenda-se a utilização desta técnica imediatamente após a padronização do leite, verificando assim se o teor de gordura do leite está dentro do desejado.
A new playbook: preparing young team athletes for diverse futures
Authors: Cardia Gabriel Fernando Esteves
Published: October 2024

This article highlights innovative approaches to the development of young athletes in team sports, focusing on strategies that facilitate a successful transition to adulthood. Through a systematic review of the literature in high-impact databases, we investigate the role of positive development, the promotion of transferable skills, the fostering of a growth mindset, and the importance of diversity and inclusion in the sports context. We observe the need for athlete-centered approaches that emphasize autonomy, the development of technical, tactical, and cognitive competencies, and the importance of socio-emotional skills such as leadership, teamwork, and resilience. Another important factor found was the relevance of constructive feedback and effective communication in optimizing learning and improving sports performance. Therefore, the implementation of these innovative strategies in teaching and training contributes to the holistic development of young athletes, preparing them not only for sports success but also for facing future challenges in adult life. This study offers significant insights for researchers, coaches, and educators involved in the sports development of young athletes, highlighting the need for integrated and athlete-centered approaches to promote positive development and a successful transition to adult life.
Caracterização de caminhões e cavalos mecânicos utilizados no transporte rodoviário do Brasil a partir dos principais parâmetros técnicos
Authors: Martini Gabriel Ribas , Brandelero Catize , Silva Edvaldo Faour Coutinho da , Nunes Érika Jamily Alves , Russini Alexandre , Schlosser José Fernando
Published: October 2024

O Brasil possui forte dependência do modal rodoviário para o transporte de cargas, de modo a requerer da indústria ampla diversidade de marcas e modelos de caminhões e de cavalos mecânicos. Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo criar um banco de dados para caracterizar caminhões e cavalos mecânicos comercializados no Brasil a partir dos principais parâmetros técnicos. As informações foram obtidas a partir de catálogos técnicos disponibilizados pelos fabricantes nas respectivas páginas da web no ano de 2024. Analisou-se os parâmetros técnicos: potência (kW), marca de motores, fases de atendimento as exigências do Proconve, capacidade máxima de tração (t), sistema de transmissão e número de cilindros. Os resultados reportam 137 e 73 modelos de caminhões e cavalos mecânicos, respectivamente, distribuídos em 13 marcas comerciais. Para os caminhões, a marca Volvo representa 16,1% sendo que para os cavalos mecânicos a marca Scania representa 32,9% do total de modelos ofertados. Com relação a potência, os modelos de caminhões e cavalos mecânicos concentram-se em maior parte na classe II e III, respectivamente, com 29,5% e 31,6%. Para esses veículos há predominância dos motores de 6 cilindros, bem como atendem a fase Proconve P8 e o sistema de transmissão automatizado. Por fim, observa-se que o mercado brasileiro de veículos rodoviários é amplo, sendo necessário uma pesquisa minuciosa para garantir boa assertividade no processo de seleção.