bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lineamientos para un método de enseñanza de quechua para bilingües receptivos en quechua
Authors: Meneses Tutaya Norma , Alonzo Sutta Alicia , Gonzales Rodríguez María Mercedes , Huanca Quispe Jaime Edilberto
Published: March 2022

En el presente artículo se brinda los resultados más importantes de una investigación llevada a cabo en 2017 en la región de Ayacucho que tuvo el objetivo de determinar los lineamientos teóricos y metodológicos necesarios para la elaboración de un método de enseñanza del quechua para los bilingües receptivos en quechua de esta región.

Este objetivo nos condujo a realizar un estado de la cuestión sobre los estudios de lingüística quechua, aplicación lingüística, lingüística aplicada y de estudios socioculturales sobre la cultura y la sociedad andina de esta región que sirvan de base para los mencionados lineamientos.

Adicionalmente, esta revisión nos permitió evidenciar la necesidad de nuevos estudios descriptivos de la lengua quechua, así como los aspectos a considerar en la planificación lingüística del corpus de esta lengua.
La palabra de Mahatma Gandhi y su aporte para la construcción de un nuevo Perú
Authors: Flores Lizana J. Carlos
Published: March 2022

El presente artículo es un ejercicio de pensar nuestro futuro como país dentro del marco opresivo de la pandemia global del Covid 19 y en el dintel de la celebración del bicentenario de la independencia, como una puerta hacia un futuro distinto. Con este propósito quiero tener en cuenta el mensaje profundo y positivo de la palabra de Gandhi, hombre sabio y rico en humanidad que en frases lapidarias señala los caminos reales de transformación social verdadera, en especial para un país con tanta inestabilidad política y social como el nuestro.

Metodológicamente, se trata de un ensayo de análisis e interpretación de frases seleccionadas del discurso conocido de Mahatma Gandhi, orientándolas a la realidad de nuestra nación.
Emojis y cortesía: el caso del WhatsApp
Authors: Gutierrez Jimenez Jorge Armando
Published: March 2022

En el siguiente trabajo se estudia el emoji como distintivo de la cortesía en los mensajes emitidos por un grupo de WhatsApp. Durante el estudio participaron 20 integrantes de un grupo privado de WhatsApp llamado Parceros, que oscilan con edades de 25 a 50 años, conformado por hombres y mujeres. Se analizaron enunciados difundidos por chat en orden aleatorio, y se tuvo en cuenta los distintos tipos de cortesía basados en la categorización que hace Bernal (2007). La investigación se hizo bajo el método cualitativo y aborda el carácter discursivo. La investigación concluye que el emoji es utilizado de manera dinámica entre los participantes, que connota desde lo emocional hasta actividades relacionadas con la cortesía.
Origen y evolución de la sintaxis compleja
Authors: Moreno Cabrera Juan Carlos
Published: March 2022

En este artículo propongo que el origen de la sintaxis compleja está en un proceso cognitivo consistente en concebir los eventos como entidades. Es esta operación lo que provoca la construcción de oraciones subordinadas en las que una oración ocupa el lugar de un sintagma y desempeña su función sintáctica.
Las acciones de modificación en una muestra de cuentos quechua del sur del Pastaza
Authors: Dioses Tarazona Alejandra Antoinette
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo se analizan oraciones de una muestra de cuentos recopilados de la variedad quechua del sur del Pastaza bajo la perspectiva de la semántica formal. El estudio se centra en el análisis de las expresiones, que se encuentran de manera explícita en los textos, donde se aprecian acciones de modificación. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar los elementos de la acción en cada oración: agente, paciente y propiedad atributiva. Para ello, las oraciones seleccionadas serán formalizadas. Además, se busca proponer una estructura sintáctica del predicado donde se puedan identificar los roles mediante la teoría X-barra y se caracterizarán los participantes dentro de cada oración mediante los sufijos añadidos que estos posean.
El estudio de los procesos con verbos de movimiento en el quechua chanka
Authors: Ascencio Huaccho Mery Eli , Román Barrera Raquel Herlinda
Published: March 2022

En este trabajo se exponen, brevemente, los procesos expresados con verbos de movimiento en el quechua chanka, de la zona de Ayacucho. Debido a que el quechua es una lengua aglutinante, este trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar la función de los sufijos desde el ámbito semántico. Para ello, nuestro marco teórico se basa en el aporte de la semántica cognitiva y en la relación entre semántica y gramática propuesta por Moreno Cabrera (2003). Los resultados de este trabajo pretenden clasificar y determinar cómo actúan los sufijos -man, -manta, -kama y -ta en construcciones oracionales de movimiento.
Cambio de estado en oraciones de modificación en awajún desde la Teoría de Modelos montagueana
Authors: Bullón Cornejo Joaquín Antonio , Galloso Cossios Rodrigo Saniel
Published: March 2022

El presente trabajo descriptivo-explicativo tiene como objetivo analizar algunas oraciones de modificación de dotación y privación en awajún empleando la Teoría de Modelos montagueana. En primera instancia, se definen aspectos básicos de las acciones de modificación. Luego, se describen aspectos influyentes en la formación de este tipo de oraciones. Estos aspectos son los morfemas de high affectedness y acusativo, así como los papeles semánticos de agente y paciente. Después de esto, se formalizan y analizan algunas oraciones del corpus a través de la propuesta de Richard Montague (1970). Por último, llegamos a la conclusión de que la propuesta de Montague es perfectamente aplicable al awajún.
Effects of climate change on agro-pastoralists’ economy and adaptation strategies used in Southeast, Nigeria
Authors: GO Aminu , MN Ibe , JU Chikaire
Published: March 2022

This study examined the effects of climate change on agro-pastoralists in Southeast, Nigeria. It specifically ascertained agro-pastoralists’ perception of climatic changes, effects of climate change on pastoralists’ economy and the strategies adopted by agro-pastoralists to withstand shocks from climatic changes. A total of 120 agro-pastoralists were selected randomly from three states (Imo, Abia and Enugu). Questionnaire and oral interview were used to collect the data that was analyzed descriptively. A mean (M) response of 2.50 was used to determine agreement with observed changes in climate. Results showed that the respondents had a positive perception of climate change as seen in their response that the amount of rainfall reduced (M=3.15), rainfall increase sometimes (M=3.01), increase flooding (M=2.90), changes in wind blowing pattern (M=3.31) among others. Climate changes have led to loss of animals due to migration (M=2.84), unexpected death of animal (M=3.30), starvation of pastoralists (M=3.15), changes in herbage quality (M=3.21), total loss of crops due to drought (M=3.01), dryness of water sources (M=2.74) among others. The following adaptation measures were taken -supplementing livestock feed, livestock migration and diversification, sale of animals before bad times, digging of water holes for animals among other strategies. We recommend that government should provide the enabling environment for modern grazing and ranching of animals for the agro-pastoralists to continue their business.
THE PERFECT BEING OF R. M. P. SOSROKARTONO'S THINKING
Authors: Absa Tafrichul Fuady
Published: March 2022

Abstract. This article reviews R. M. P. Sosrokartono's thoughts about the perfect human being. He defines a perfect being as a person who is able to live up to the knowledge of ngawoelo dateng kawoelaning Goesti. In order to have such life and behavior that reflect the attributes of God by loving and maintaining the wholeness of God's creation, therefore, the alignment must be based on catur murti. That is, to be able to unite and balance feelings, thoughts, words, and actions. The union of the four components is based on the value of truth so that the actualization in life becomes the proper thought, feeling, word, and action. That is the perfect being who will become caliph on earth. Abstrak. Artikel ini mengulas pemikiran R. M. P. Sosrokartono tentang manusia paripurna. Baginya, manusia paripurna adalah manusia yang mampu menghayati ilmu ngawoelo dateng kawoelaning Goesti. Sehingga hidup dan perilakunya akan mencerminkan sifat-sifat Tuhan dengan cara mencintai dan menjaga keutuhan ciptaan Tuhan. Penyelarasan itu harus didasari oleh catur murti. Yaitu, mampu menyatukan sekaligus menyeimbangkan antara perasaan, pikiran, perkataan, dan perbuatan. Penyatuan empat komponen tersebut berdasarkan pada nilai kebenaran, sehingga penyatuan itu menjadi pikiran yang benar, perasaan yang benar, perkataan yang benar dan perbuatan yang benar. Itulah manusia paripurna yang menjadi khalifah di muka bumi.
SECTARIANISM IN ISLAM: THE STUDY OF KHAWARIJ AND MAJLIS MUJAHIDIN INDONESIA
Authors: Sairi Muhammad
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Basically, the study of sectarianism refers to the problem of understanding within a certain group, school, or belief. However, in its development this term has developed and is almost always associated with the study of the fanaticism of the madzhab (al-ta’asshubiyyah) and political partisans (al-hizbiyyah). Therefore, sectarianism as an ideology or ism often creates negative-destructive consequences, especially by creating a heroic attitude in defending the group as well as opposing other groups who are not in the same direction. In fact, not infrequently it creates radical attitudes on other parties in the name of the truth (read: religion) which they believe. This paper discusses sectarianism in Islam by using "multiple objects"; analysis of the Khawarij group as a portrait of classical sectarianism that had occurred in the early days of Islam as well as pulling it back to the present by analyzing the Majlis Mujahidin Indonesia (MMI) as a portrait of sectarianism that occurred in Indonesia in a modern context.. Abstrak. Pada dasarnya, kajian tentang sektarianisme merujuk pada persoalan sempalan paham dalam sebuah golongan, mazhab, maupun kepercayaan tertentu. Namun dalam perkembangannya istilah ini berkembang dan hampir selalu dikaitkan dengan kajian fanatisme madzhab (al-ta’asshubiyyah) dan partisan politik (al-hizbiyyah). Karena itu, sektarianisme sebagai sebuah paham atau isme seringkali memunculkan konsekuensi-konsekuensi negatif-destruktif terutama dengan memunculkan sikap heroik dalam membela kelompoknya sekaligus pertentangan kepada kelompok lain yang tidak searah. Bahkan tak jarang menimbulkan sikap-sikap radikal pada pihak lain atas nama kebenaran (baca: agama) yang diyakininya. Tulisan ini membahas tentang sektarianisme  dalam Islam dengan menggunakan “objek ganda”; analisa pada kelompok Khawarij sebagai potret sektarianisme klasik yang pernah terjadi pada masa-masa awal Islam sekaligus menariknya ke masa kini dengan menganalisa kelompok Majlis Mujahidin Indonesia (MMI) sebagai potret sektarianisme yang terjadi di Indonesia pada masa modern.
ANTI-COLONIAL MESSAGES IN AHMAD SANUSI’S TAFSIR MALJA’ AL THALIBIN AND TAMSIYAT AL MUSLIMIN
Authors: Lutfi Lutfi
Published: March 2022

Abstract. This research examines two tafsir works of Ahmad Sanusi Malja’ al thalibin fi tafsiri kalami robbil alamin (in Sundanese) and Tamsiyat al muslimin fi tafsiri kalami Robbil Alamin (Indonesian Bahasa), exploring the messages of anti-colonialism related to justice. This research employs Hermeneutics for the analysis of Sanusi’s messages. This approach provides understanding the social, political, cultural context of the production of the text. This study shows that tafsir has been an inspiration, medium, and tool to shape anti colonial awareness among Sundanese people particularly in Sukabumi region. The resistance is aimed at the Dutch colonial government as well as the religious bureaucrats well known as Pakauman Ulama. Among Sanusi’s criticism that he delivers in his tafsir is about an injustice act done by the colonial government in particular Pakauman Ulama on his isolation as they give support to the exile policy. Historical context of Sanusi’s isolation caused by the conflict between Sanusi and colonial government and the worry of the influence of Sanusi’s ideas of anticolonial sentiment among people. In the literature of tafsir studies so far, it is limited discussion on tafsir material on criticism or as medium of resistance. Abstrak. Penelitian ini mengkaji dua karya tafsir Ahmad Sanusi Malja’ al thalibin fi tafsiri kalami robbil alamin (dalam bahasa Sunda) dan Tamsiyat al muslimin fi tafsiri kalami Robbil Alamin (Bahasa Indonesia), menggali pesan-pesan antikolonialisme yang berkaitan dengan keadilan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Hermeneutika untuk menganalisis pesan-pesan Sanusi. Pendekatan ini memberikan pemahaman konteks sosial, politik, budaya dari produksi teks. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa tafsir telah menjadi inspirasi, media, dan alat untuk membentuk kesadaran anti kolonial di kalangan masyarakat Sunda khususnya di wilayah Sukabumi. Perlawanan tersebut ditujukan kepada pemerintah kolonial Belanda serta para birokrat agama yang dikenal dengan sebutan Pakauman Ulama. Di antara kritik Sanusi yang ia sampaikan dalam tafsirnya adalah tentang tindakan ketidakadilan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah kolonial khususnya Pakauman Ulama atas pengucilannya karena mereka mendukung kebijakan pengasingan. Konteks historis keterasingan Sanusi yang disebabkan oleh konflik antara Sanusi dan pemerintah kolonial dan kekhawatiran pengaruh gagasan Sanusi tentang sentimen antikolonial di kalangan masyarakat. Dalam literatur kajian tafsir selama ini, pembahasan materi tafsir sebatas kritik atau sebagai media perlawanan.
Leveraging a Safety Event Management System to Improve Organizational Learning and Safety Culture
Authors: Dawson Regina , Saulnier Teresa , Campbell Adam , Godambe Sandip A.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Safety event management systems (SEMS) are rich sources of patient safety information, which can be used to improve organizational safety culture. An ideal SEMS can accomplish this when the system is improved with the intention of increasing learning and engagement across the organization. To support a global aim of improving overall patient safety and becoming a highly reliable learning health system, focus was directed toward increasing event review and follow-up completion and using this information to drive resource allocation and improvement efforts.

METHODS

A new integrated SEMS was customized, tested, and implemented based on identified organizational need. Revised policies were developed to define expectations for event review and follow-up. The new SEMS incorporated a closed-loop communication process which ensured information from events was shared with the event submitters and facilitated shared learning. The expected impacts, improved event reporting, and follow-up were studied and guided ongoing improvements.

RESULTS

After transitioning to a new SEMS, we experienced increased overall reporting by 8.6% and improved event follow-up, demonstrated by documentation on specified system forms, by 53.7%.

CONCLUSIONS

By implementing a new, efficient, and standardized SEMS, which decentralized event management processes, the organization saw increased reporting and better engagement with patient safety event review and follow-up. Overall, these results demonstrated a stronger reporting culture, which allowed for local problem solving and improved learning from every event reported. A robust reporting culture positively impacted the overall organizational culture of safety.
The use of deliberate reflection to reduce confirmation bias among orthopedic surgery residents
Authors: Chaves Antônio Barbosa , Moura Alexandre Sampaio , Faria Rosa Malena Delbone de , Ribeiro Ligia Cayres
Published: March 2022

Introduction: cognitive biases might affect decision-making processes such as clinical reasoning and confirmation bias is among the most important ones. The use of strategies that stimulate deliberate reflection during the diagnostic process seems to reduce availability bias, but its effect in reducing confirmation bias needs to be evaluated.Aims: to examine whether deliberate reflection reduces confirmation bias and increases the diagnostic accuracy of orthopedic residents solving written clinical cases.Methods: experimental study comparing the diagnostic accuracy of orthopedic residents in the resolution of eight written clinical cases containing a referral diagnosis. Half of the written cases had a wrong referral diagnosis. One group of residents used deliberate reflection (RG), which stimulates comparison and contrast of clinical hypotheses in a systematic manner, and a control group (CG), was asked to provide differential diagnoses with no further instruction. The study included 55 third-year orthopedic residents, 27 allocated to the RG and 28 to the CG.Results: residents on the RG had higher diagnostic scores than the CG for clinical cases with a correct referral diagnosis (62.0±20.1 vs. 49.1±21.0 respectively; p = 0.021). For clinical cases with incorrect referral diagnosis, diagnostic accuracy was similar between residents on the RG and those on the CG (39.8±24.3 vs. 44.6±26.7 respectively; p = 0.662). We observed an overall confirmation bias in 26.3% of initial diagnoses (non-analytic phase) and 19.5% of final diagnoses (analytic phase) when solving clinical cases with incorrect referral diagnosis. Residents from RG showed a reduction in confirmation of incorrect referral diagnosis when comparing the initial diagnosis given in the non-analytic phase with the one provided as the final diagnosis (25.9±17.7 vs. 17.6±18.1, respectively; Cohen d: 0.46; p = 0.003). In the CG, the reduction in the confirmation of incorrect diagnosis was not statistically significant.Conclusions: confirmation bias was present when residents solved written clinical cases with incorrect referral diagnoses, and deliberate reflection reduced such bias. Despite the reduction in confirmation bias, diagnostic accuracy of residents from the RG was similar to those from the CG when solving the set of clinical cases with a wrong referral diagnosis.
Obesity and social representations among patients subjected to argon plasma coagulation (APC)
Authors: Martins Tais , Polli Gislei Mocelin , Justo Ana Maria
Published: March 2022

This study sought to identify the Social Representations of Obesity among 15 individuals who underwent bariatric surgery through the Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) method and were subjected to Argon Plasma Coagulation (APC) due to weight relapse. Data were collected through interviews and analyzed via Descending Hierarchical Classification. Obesity was associated with physical limitations and difficulties in social relationships. Prejudice and difficulty in changing habits are associated with the choice to undergo surgical treatment and to weight relapse. The suffering that goes along with obesity and the difficulty in changing habits seem to be associated with the search for surgical help.
Desacralisation. A New Turn in the Changed Relationship with Land in Rural Areas
Authors: Gagyi József
Published: March 2022

This paper is based on the assumption that there was a well-articulated idea behind the rapidly spreading phenomenon of theft after the formation of collective farms in Transylvania during socialism: people thought that what they were doing was not wrong because the real culprit was the socialist state that deprived them of their control over their lands. Had that not happened, they would still be their own masters, existentially complete, and should the supremacy of this state cease one day, they would once again be who they were before. This idea vitalized their expectations and hopes as a sacred aura. After 1989, these hopes came true temporarily, and partially, but, as it turned out, the peasant order imagined as existential completeness did not return. After joining the EU, the generation that went through socialization owning and cultivating their own land and then lived awaiting and hoping as collectivist peasants had to realize that it was all wrong: the new system brought its own shortcomings, frustrations, and disappointments as their world lost its sacredness.
Rural Communities, Changing Habitats, Transforming Localities
Authors: Vajda András
Published: March 2022

The present study proposes an analysis of the conceptual apparatus that may facilitate the description and interpretation of the changes that have taken place in Transylvanian villages and ruralities over the past quarter century. The central question is: what is left of the village after these changes? Respectively, was this change superficial or has it affected the deeper strata as well? I argue that we are talking about a structure in which some strata have been radically transformed while others have remained unaffected. This led to the production of numerous ways of life that proved to be resilient. In the changing and diversified space of ruralities, there are several mentalities and tendencies that are parallel and simultaneously different temporalities that either complement or eliminate each other. Sometimes they coexist peacefully, other times they are in constant conflict with each other.
Advanced preparation of plan-view specimens on a MEMS chip for in situ TEM heating experiments
Authors: Minenkov Alexey , Šantić Natalija , Truglas Tia , Aberl Johannes , Vukušić Lada , Brehm Moritz , Groiss Heiko
Published: March 2022

In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful tool for advanced material characterization. It allows real-time observation of structural evolution at the atomic level while applying different stimuli such as heat. However, the validity of analysis strongly depends on the quality of the specimen, which has to be prepared by thinning the bulk material to electron transparency while maintaining the pristine properties. To address this challenge, a novel method of TEM samples preparation in plan-view geometry was elaborated based on the combination of the wedge polishing technique and an enhanced focused ion beam (FIB) workflow. It involves primary mechanical thinning of a broad sample area from the backside followed by FIB-assisted installation on the MEMS-based sample carrier. The complete step-by-step guide is provided, and the method’s concept is discussed in detail making it easy to follow and adapt for diverse equipment. The presented approach opens the world of in situ TEM heating experiments for a vast variety of fragile materials. The principle and significant advantage of the proposed method are demonstrated by new insights into the stability and thermal-induced strain relaxation of Ge Stranski–Krastanov islands on Si during in situ TEM heating.

Graphical abstract
Inkjet-printed paper-based surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors for the detection of narcotics
Authors: Tay Li-Lin , Poirier Shawn , Ghaemi Ali , Hulse John
Published: March 2022

Recent advances in inkjet-printing of advanced materials have provided a versatile platform for the rapid development and prototyping of sensor devices. We have recently demonstrated inkjet-printed surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors on flexible substrates for the detection of variety of small molecules [Tay et al. in Front Chem 9:680556 (2021); Tay et al. in J Raman Spectrosc 52:563 (2020)]. These flexible SERS sensors have many advantages for performing point-of-sampling testing, among them liquid or aerosol filtration and swabbing capabilities. These simple sampling and separation features make these inkjet-printed paper-based sensors ideal for field applications. SERS detection of molecules with poor binding affinity towards the plasmonic surfaces of the sensors tends to be inefficient. A surface functionalization approach has been applied to SERS sensors to improve the molecule affinity and hence their detection sensitivity. In this paper, we investigate the optimization of SERS sensor fabrication to achieve optimal performance. Three performance criteria: diffuse reflectance, SERS background intensity from the as-printed blank sensors and SERS performance of sensors exposed to the benzenethiol reporter molecule, are characterized carefully to derive the optimal inkjet-printing conditions for producing the best performing SERS sensors. Additionally, we demonstrate the use of a simple potassium iodide functionalization scheme to improve the detection sensitivity for narcotics such as fentanyl by two orders of magnitude.

Graphical abstract
Decoherence and quantum error correction for quantum computing and communications.
Authors:   , Etxezarreta Josu , de Navarra Universidad
Published: March 2022

Quantum technologies have shown immeasurable potential to effectively solve several information processing tasks such as prime number factorization, unstructured database search or complex macromolecule simulation. As a result of such capability to solve certain problems that are not classically tractable, quantum machines have the potential revolutionize the modern world via applications such as drug design, process optimization, unbreakable communications or machine learning. However, quantum information is prone to suffer from errors caused by the so-called decoherence, which describes the loss in coherence of quantum states associated to their interactions with the surrounding environment. This decoherence phenomenon is present in every quantum information task, be it transmission, processing or even storage of quantum information. Consequently, the protection of quantum information via quantum error correction codes (QECC) is of paramount importance to construct fully operational quantum computers. Understanding environmental decoherence processes and the way they are modeled is fundamental in order to construct effective error correction methods capable of protecting quantum information. In this thesis, the nature of decoherence is studied and mathematically modelled; and QECCs are designed and optimized so that they exhibit better error correction capabilities.
Determination of rational conditions for oil extraction from oil hydration waste
Authors: Bliznjuk Olga , Masalitina Nataliia , Myronenko Liliia , Zhulinska Oksana , Denisenko Tatyana , Nekrasov Serhii , Stankevych Serhii , Bragin Oleksandr , Romanov Oleksii , Romanova Tetiana
Published: March 2022

As a result of oil hydration, waste is formed – phosphatide concentrate, which is a multicomponent system. Valuable components of the concentrate are vegetable oil and phosphatides, the separation of which is an urgent task for the industry.
The process of treatment of sunflower phosphatide concentrate with citric acid (hydration) in order to more completely convert non-hydrated forms of phosphatides into hydrated ones and separate the oil from the concentrate was studied.
A feature of the work is the study of the dependence of the yield and mass fraction of moisture in the extracted oil on the hydration process parameters.
A sample of phosphatide concentrate with non-standard quality indicators according to SOU 15.4-37-212:2004 (CAS 3436-44-0) was studied: the mass fraction of moisture and volatile substances was 4.0 %, the mass fraction of phosphatides was 37.0 %.
The concentrate was treated with citric acid solution at a temperature of 45 °C (10 % solution). Rational conditions for concentrate treatment were determined: duration (25 min) and citric acid concentration in relation to the mass of phosphatide concentrate (25 %). Under these conditions, the oil yield was 76.1 %, the mass fraction of moisture in the oil was 18.6 %. The indicators characterizing the suitability of the oil for consumption and its safety for the body are within the limits (acid value 3.7 mg KOH/g, peroxide value 5.1 ½ O mmol/kg) for the first-grade unrefined unwinterized sunflower oil according to DSTU 4492. Such oil can be used for refining, fatty acids and biodiesel production, and after additional purification – for processing into food products.
The results of the study make it possible to use resources rationally and predict the yield and quality of the oil isolated from the phosphatide concentrate. The resulting oil can be an affordable raw material for various industries.
The family of the child with special health care needs and their social relationships
Authors: Vasconcellos Rayssa Nascimento , Souza Maria Helena do Nascimento , Nóbrega Vanessa Medeiros da , Collet Neusa
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify aspects that can influence the types of bonds developed in the social support network of family members of children with special health care needs. Methods: qualitative research conducted through interviews with 15 family members/guardians in the city of Rio de Janeiro, from January to February 2020. Sanicola’s theoretical-methodological framework and Bardin’s thematic analysis technique were used. Results: social distancing, lack of responsibility for coordinating care, lack of supplies and lack of individualized care were weaknesses found in the families’ social relationships. However, the bonds were strengthened by the relationship of familiarity and availability of professionals in the care of children with special health needs. Final Considerations: understanding the configuration of primary and secondary social networks and the types of support offered can improve the care of children and strengthen bonds that provide security for families.
Critically ill COVID-19 patients: a sociodemographic and clinical profile and associations between variables and workload
Authors: Buffon Marina Raffin , Severo Isis Marques , Barcellos Ruy de Almeida , Azzolin Karina de Oliveira , Lucena Amália de Fátima
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the sociodemographic and clinical profile of COVID-19 patients; measure workload and make associations between clinical variables. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 150 adult COVID-19 patients in an intensive care unit (from March to June 2020). Data from the electronic medical record in the first 24 hours of hospitalization: gender, age, education, origin, comorbidities, invasive mechanical ventilation, prone maneuver, renal replacement therapy, pressure injury, Braden, Nursing Activities Score, diagnoses, and nursing care. Descriptive statistical analysis, associations between clinical variables and age group. Results: Male (55.3%); mean age, 59 years; hypertensive (57.3%); obese (50.6%); diabetic (34%); invasive mechanical ventilation (66.7%); pronated (20.6%); hemodialysis (15.3%); Nursing Activities Score average, 86%. Twenty-eight nursing diagnoses and 73 cares were found. Conclusion: Patients required highly complex support. There was a significant association between pressure injury and workload with the prone maneuver. Nursing diagnoses and care reflect the needs of critical patients.
Breastfeeding booklet in prison institutions: initiative for promotion, protection and support
Authors: Santos Márcia Vieira dos , Alves Valdecyr Herdy , Rodrigues Diego Pereira , Vieira Bianca Dargam Gomes , Marchiori Giovanna Rosário Soanno , Branco Maria Bertilla Lutterbach Riker , Oliveira Thalita Rocha , Bonazzi Vera Cristina Augusta Marques
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the use of the booklet on breastfeeding in prison in times of COVID 19 by managers and health professionals who work with pregnant and breastfeeding women deprived of their liberty. Methods: this is a descriptive, exploratory research with a qualitative approach, carried out from March to December 2020. Thirteen professionals who work in Brazilian prison institutions participated in the study and answered a semi-structured interview. The data obtained were submitted to content analysis. Results: the use of the booklet proved to be strategic in facing the barriers resulting from the pandemic and offered updated information and guidelines that are indispensable for the continuity of breastfeeding within the Brazilian prison system. Final Considerations: nursing participated in the organization of educational material as a tool for the promotion, protection and support of safe breastfeeding within the institutions of the prison system that serve pregnant and lactating women deprived of liberty.
Is self-esteem associated with the elderly person’s quality of life?
Authors: Souza Júnior Edison Vitório de , Cruz Diego Pires , Siqueira Lais Reis , Rosa Randson Souza , Silva Cristiane dos Santos , Biondo Chrisne Santana , Sawada Namie Okino
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association between self-esteem and quality of life in the elderly. Methods: Cross-sectional web survey developed with 519 elderly people. Participants filled out three data collection instruments developed on the Google Forms platform and widely disseminated through all of Brazil. Fisher’s exact test, Mann-Whitney, Pearson correlation, and linear regression with 95% confidence interval were used. Results: Self-esteem was associated with all quality-of-life facets: sensory skills [β= 1.307; p<0.001]; autonomy [β= 2.101; p<0.001]; past, present, and future activities [β= 2.486; p<0.001]; social presence [β= 2.547; p<0.001]; death and dying [β= 2.175; p<0.001]; and intimacy [β=2.378; p<0.001]. Conclusion: There is a positive and statistically significant association between self-esteem and quality of life in the elderly. We therefore suggest the development of local policies capable of raising this age groups’ self-esteem and reaffirming aging as a new possibility for discoveries and pleasure.
Is social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic a risk factor for depression?
Authors: Moura Adaene Alves Machado de , Bassoli Igor Roberto , Silveira Belisa Vieira da , Diehl Alessandra , Santos Manoel Antônio dos , Santos Ronildo Alves dos , Wagstaff Christopher , Pillon Sandra Cristina
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess factors associated with depression among higher education students and professionals during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. 550 students and professionals participated. The data were collected by means of a digital questionnaire that included Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to assess depressive symptoms. Results: The factors related to depression and social isolation outcomes were significantly associated with the female gender (n= 149; 37,8%; Odds Ratio OR=2,0), white (n=127; 37,2%; OR=1,60), young people (n=130; 39,4%; OR=2,0), without religion (n=70; 40,2%; OR=1,64), with financial problems (n=80; 53,0%; OR=2,40) and family problems (n=98; 47,3%; OR=1,77); who suffered violence during the quarantine (n=28; 58,3%; OR=2,33), increased the use of illicit drugs (n=16; 59,3%; OR=2,69), used sedatives without a medical prescription (n=75; 54,0%; OR=2,94), lived in conflicting relationships (n=33; 54,1%;OR=2,14), lost their job during the pandemic (n=32; 59,3%; OR=1,99) and presented symptoms of anxiety related to COVID-19 (n=155; 45,2%; OR=3,91). Conclusion: there is a meaningful relationship between vulnerability and adopting risk behaviors during the pandemic-imposed social isolation with depressive symptoms. We suggest that health professionals be attentive to the need to adjust their psychosocial interventions when promoting strategies when promoting strategies to mitigate the effects and risks to mental health.
Ultrasound device as a minimally invasive approach for caries dentin removal
Authors: Besegato João Felipe , Melo Priscila Borges Gobbo de , Bernardi Adilson César de Abreu , Bagnato Vanderlei Salvador , Rastelli Alessandra Nara de Souza
Published: March 2022

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an ultrasound device and the dentin surface morphology after removal of the caries dentin lesions by removal rate and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Knoop hardness test on the bovine dentin blocks (n = 20, 4x4x2mm) was performed to standardize the samples and only those with 38 ± 2 KHN were included. The dentin blocks were submitted to induction of artificial caries lesions, using the bacterial model. Strains of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus were used for 7 days. The caries dentin lesion was removed for 1 min, according to two methods: G1 - carbide bur under low-speed rotation (control group) and G2 - ultrasound device under refrigeration. For the removal rate, the samples were weighed 3 times: T0 (before induction), T1 (after induction) and T2 (after removal). Morphology evaluation of the residual dentin surface was performed by SEM. Data normality was verified by Shapiro-Wilk test (p ≥ 0.240). T-test for independent samples was applied to evaluate the removal rate. A significance level of 5% was adopted. G2 provided lower removal rate than G1 (G1: 3.68 mg and G2 = 2.26 mg). SEM images showed different morphological characteristics between the groups. G2 showed absent of smear layer, while G1 showed a visible smear layer over the surface. We concluded that ultrasound device provides minimally invasive removal with residual dentin exhibiting open dentin tubules and no smear layer formation and no bacteria, which infer the removal of the infected tissue.
Anti-erosive profile of an experimental 5% SnCl₂ varnish containing different concentrations of NaF
Authors: Alencar Cristiane de Melo , Ribeiro Mara Eliane Soares , Zaniboni Joissi Ferrari , Leandrin Thais Piragine , Silva Aryvelto Miranda , Campos Edson Alves de
Published: March 2022

Abstract This in vitro study evaluated the anti-erosive effect of an experimental varnish containing 5% stannous chloride (SnCl₂) associated with different concentrations of NaF (NaF-free, 2.5% NaF, or 5.2% NaF) on bovine enamel and root dentin. One hundred samples were pre-eroded (0.3% citric acid, pH 2.6, 10 min) and randomized into five groups (n=10 for each substrate): Negative control - milli-Q water; NaF-free - Experimental varnish SnCl₂-free and NaF-free; 2.5 NaF - Experimental varnish 5% SnCl₂ associated with 2.5% NaF; 5.2 NaF: Experimental varnish 5% SnCl₂ associated with 5.2% NaF and positive control - Commercial varnish containing 5% NaF (Duraphat). After the varnishes were applied, the erosive and abrasive challenges were carried out for five days. Loss of tooth structure (TSL) was determined by optical profilometry, and the loss of calcium (ΔCa2+) using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Dentin analysis was also performed by SEM. A one-way ANOVA/Bonferroni test was performed to analyze the data (α=0.05). The experimental 2.5 NaF and 5.2 NaF groups showed greater effectiveness in preventing TSL when compared to the other groups (p <0.05), regardless of the substrate. In addition, these groups showed lower loss in Ca2+ content when compared to the other groups (p <0.05), for enamel and dentin. Dentin showed greater TSL and ΔCa2+ loss when compared to enamel in all treatments (p <0.05). The 5.2% and 2.5% NaF-containing experimental varnishes showed promising results in both, the prevention of TSL and the loss of Ca2+, regardless of the substrate studied.
The metal post material influences the performance of artefact reduction algorithms in CBCT images
Authors: Farias-Gomes Amanda , Fontenele Rocharles Cavalcante , Rosado Lucas P. Lopes , Neves Frederico Sampaio , Freitas Deborah Queiroz
Published: March 2022

Abstract This study aimed to assess the effect of the MAR tool on the expression of artefacts in different regions of a tooth restored with different types of metal posts. Alveolar sockets (anterior, and posterior region) of a mandible and an unirradicular tooth were used. Cone beam computed tomography scans of the tooth without a metal post, and with cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr), nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr), or silver-palladium (Ag-Pd) were individually obtained, with 2 MAR conditions: disabled, and enabled. In an axial reconstruction, lines of interest (LOIs) were set around the canal: 4 in oblique (mesiobuccal, distobuccal, mesiolingual, distolingual) directions, and 4 in orthogonal (mesial, distal, buccal, lingual) directions. Beam-hardening artefacts expression was determined by calculating the difference in the mean of gray values (DMGV) between the experimental and control groups for each LOI. There was no significant difference in the DMGV values between “without MAR” and “with MAR” for any LOI, in neither anterior nor posterior mandible (p>0.05), for the Ni-Cr and Co-Cr groups. For the Ag-Pd, significant differences in the DMGV values were observed between “without MAR” and “with MAR” for most LOIs (p<0.05), mainly in oblique directions in the anterior region, and mesio-distal direction in the posterior region. MAR acted mostly in hypodense artefacts (negative DMGV). The effectiveness of the MAR tool of the OP300 CBCT unit varied according to the post material tested. It was effective in reducing the expression of artefacts raised by the Ag-Pd post, mainly in the tooth regions affected by hypodense artefacts, regardless of the mandibular region.
Influence of endodontic sealers artifacts in the detection of vertical root fractures
Authors: Cavalcanti Marcelo Gusmão Paraiso , Salineiro Fernanda Cristina , Barros Fabiana Mesquita , Barros Francisco Barbara Abreu
Published: March 2022

Abstract The aim of this study was to compare the influence of endodontic sealers artifacts on the detection of vertical root fracture in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Premolars and central incisors were assigned into five different groups: Control, Pulp Canal Sealer, AH Plus, Sealer 26, and BC Sealer (n= 10, per group). VRFs were mechanically induced and the teeth were inserted into an image phantom. Subsequently, CBCT (Cranex 3Dx, Soredex, Tuusula, Finland) images were obtained and two observers were asked separately to identify root fracture, by visual analysis. For both premolar and central incisors, kappa coefficients of intraobserver agreement varied from good to excellent (K: 80% - 87%), and the values for interobserver agreement varied from fair to moderate (K: 30% - 35%). As follows, the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) values for VRFs highlighted that the use of BC sealer reduced the observers’ ability to discriminate VRFs relative to other sealers. Moreover, sensitivity values for premolars teeth ranged from 20% to 60%, and specificity ranged from 60% to 100%; while sensitivity values for central incisors ranged from 30% to 70%, and specificity ranged from 70% to 100%. In conclusion, the low sensitivity values, mainly for premolars, demonstrated the difficulty in VRF diagnosis. Furthermore, BC Sealer induced significantly more imaging artifacts than other sealers. These results highlighting that endodontic sealers may interfere with the diagnosis of VRFs.
Influence of clinical factors, IL4 and IL6 genes polymorphisms in functional healing in late replantation
Authors: Roskamp Liliane , Souza Cleber Machado , Ignácio Sergio Aparecido , Perin Camila Paiva , Mattos Natanael Henrique Ribeiro , Sunye Isabela Roskamp , Santos Letícia Capote , Westphalen Vania Portela Ditzel , Jacob Carolina da Silveira , Baratto-Filho Flares
Published: March 2022

Abstract To investigate the genetic association in a sample of replanted teeth, it is necessary to observe the extreme phenotypes, such as, teeth that underwent functional healing and those extracted due to severe external root resorption. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of age of the patients, root development, storage media, and polymorphisms in the interleukin 4 (IL4) and interleukin 6 (IL6) genes with teeth that presented extreme outcomes, as functional healing or extraction, in a group whose replantation techniques did not follow the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) 2012 guidelines. Forty-three avulsed and replanted teeth that did not follow IADT 2012 guidelines and underwent functional healing or were extracted were included. Periapical radiographs employed for this study were taken soon after tooth replantation and after 1 year. For genotypic IL4 and IL6 genes analysis, DNA of oral mucosa cells was extracted. Real-time- PCR performed for genotyping polymorphisms in IL4 and IL6 genes. Clinical and genetic variables were analyzed by the Chi-square test and the “Z” test. P values < .05 were considered significant. The results showed that functional healing and extraction were associated with storage media and with the rs2243268 of IL- 4 gene polymorphisms. As conclusion, the C rs2243268 allele of IL4 gene may have a positive relationship with functional healing teeth that were replanted not following the 2012 IADT guidelines. Keeping the tooth dry is associated to a fast loss of avulsed and replanted teeth after 1-year follow-up.
Antimicrobial potential of plant extracts from the Brazilian Cerrado
Authors: Volpato Luiz Evaristo Ricci , Trigueiro Paula Gabrielle de Castro , Aranha Andreza Maria Fabio , Violante Ivana Maria Povoa , Silva Rafaela Alves da , Oliveira Rodrigo Cardoso de
Published: March 2022

Abstract Bacteria are related do different oral diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal disease. Therefore, the control or/and eradication of microorganisms and their by-products is primordial for the success of their treatment. An alternative for decrease bacterial load is the use of plant extracts used in popular medicine. The cytotoxicity and antimicrobial action of extracts of Cariniana rubra Gardiner ex Miers, Senna martiniana, Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan and Spiranthera odoratissima St. Hil. against strains of Streptococcus mutans, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Aggregatibacter actinomyces- tencomitans and Candida albicans were investigated. Cytotoxicity was assessed at concentrations of 1, 10, 40, 80, 100 and 1000 μg/mL by means of the MTT test and compared to a control group with untreated cells. Those with acceptable cytotoxicity had the antimicrobial action measured by the XTT test. As a positive control, sodium hypochlorite was used. Cariniana rubra Gardiner ex Miers had the highest citototoxicity results while Spiranthera odoratissima St. Hil. had the best results, but all extracts showed acceptable cytotoxicity at different concentrations. The plant extracts showed higher activity against A. actinomycetencomitans: Anadenanthera columbrina (Vell.) Brenan (80.52%) at 40 μg/mL, Spiranthera odoratissima St. Hil (78.48%) in 1 μg/mL, Senna martiniana (73.28%) in the concentration of 40 μg/mL and Cariniana rubra Gardiner ex Miers (70.50%) in 10 μg/mL. All extracts analyzed showed acceptable cytotoxicity at different concentrations and were promising for inhibition of the pathogenic microorganisms studied.
Antifungal activity of 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide: a new molecule with fungicidal and antibiofilm activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida spp.
Authors: Diniz-Neto H. , Silva S. L. , Cordeiro L. V. , Silva D. F. , Oliveira R. F. , Athayde-Filho P. F. , Oliveira-Filho A. A. , Guerra F. Q. S. , Lima E. O.
Published: March 2022

Abstract In the current context of emerging drug-resistant fungal pathogens such as Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis, discovery of new antifungal agents is an urgent matter. This research aimed to evaluate the antifungal potential of 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide against fluconazole-resistant clinical strains of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis. The antifungal activity of 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide was evaluated in vitro by the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), inhibition of biofilm formation and its rupture, sorbitol and ergosterol assays, and association between this molecule and common antifungal drugs, amphotericin B and fluconazole. The test product inhibited all strains of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, with a MIC ranging from 128 to 256 µg.mL-1, and a MFC of 512-1,024 µg.mL-1. It also inhibited up to 92% of biofilm formation and rupture of up to 87% of preformed biofilm. 2-chloro-N-phenylacetamide did not promote antifungal activity through binding to cellular membrane ergosterol nor it damages the fungal cell wall. Antagonism was observed when combining this substance with amphotericin B and fluconazole. The substance exhibited significant antifungal activity by inhibiting both planktonic cells and biofilm of fluconazole-resistant strains. Its combination with other antifungals should be avoided and its mechanism of action remains to be established.