bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Particle Swarm Algorithm-Guided Psychological Stress Analysis to ECG Signal Collecting
Authors: Li Yang , Peng Lihua
Published: June 2022

In recent years, effective recognition and accurate assessment of psychological stress have been the focus of research. Because of the objectivity and authenticity of physiological signals, psychological stress recognition from physiological signals has become an important research content in the field of psychological stress recognition. As an important physiological signal, electrocardiogram has been proved to contain reliable physiological response to psychological stress. This paper designs a psychological stress analysis algorithm based on particle swarm optimization (PSO). The wavelet transform algorithm was used to filter and detect the ECG signal. RR interval was calculated from the detected R wave to obtain the ECG signal. An improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was proposed, which introduced a particle swarm optimization model with contraction factor to eliminate the speed limit and realize the detection of psychological stress. Experimental results show that the recognition rate of the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is significantly higher than that of the traditional method, which shows the effectiveness of the algorithm. On the one hand, the research of this paper has optimized the algorithm, which has theoretical significance; on the other hand, it can provide reference for the real psychological stress test, which has practical significance.
Review on Characterization, Properties, and Analytical Methods of Cefepime
Authors: Al kamaly Omkulthom
Published: June 2022

Infection is one of the most important reasons for the increase in the number of deaths worldwide; it can be a bacterial or viral infection. As a result, there are many effective drugs against this infection, especially bacterial ones. Cefepime (CP) is one of the fourth generations of cephalosporins and is distinguished from others in that it can kill both positive and negative bacteria. Therefore, this study focused on the chemical properties of the drug, its uses, and its stability against bacteria. All analysis methods for this drug in pharmaceutical preparations, blood, or plasma were also presented. One of the important problems in these methods is using toxic solvents, which poses a danger to society and the environment. The presentation of these solvents will allow companies to manufacture and use more effective and less toxic solvents.
Analysis of Vessel Segmentation Based on Various Enhancement Techniques for Improvement of Vessel Intensity Profile
Authors: Dash Sonali , Verma Sahil , Kavita  , Kim SeongKi , Shafi Jana , Ijaz Muhammad Fazal
Published: June 2022

It is vital to develop an appropriate prediction model and link carefully to measurable events such as clinical parameters and patient outcomes to analyze the severity of the disease. Timely identifying retinal diseases is becoming more vital to prevent blindness among young and adults. Investigation of blood vessels delivers preliminary information on the existence and treatment of glaucoma, retinopathy, and so on. During the analysis of diabetic retinopathy, one of the essential steps is to extract the retinal blood vessel accurately. This study presents an improved Gabor filter through various enhancement approaches. The degraded images with the enhancement of certain features can simplify image interpretation both for a human observer and for machine recognition. Thus, in this work, few enhancement approaches such as Gamma corrected adaptively with distributed weight (GCADW), joint equalization of histogram (JEH), homomorphic filter, unsharp masking filter, adaptive unsharp masking filter, and particle swarm optimization (PSO) based unsharp masking filter are taken into consideration. In this paper, an effort has been made to improve the performance of the Gabor filter by combining it with different enhancement methods and to enhance the detection of blood vessels. The performance of all the suggested approaches is assessed on publicly available databases such as DRIVE and CHASE_DB1. The results of all the integrated enhanced techniques are analyzed, discussed, and compared. The best result is delivered by PSO unsharp masking filter combined with the Gabor filter with an accuracy of 0.9593 for the DRIVE database and 0.9685 for the CHASE_DB1 database. The results illustrate the robustness of the recommended model in automatic blood vessel segmentation that makes it possible to be a clinical support decision tool in diabetic retinopathy diagnosis.
Marketplace or Hybrid: Vendor’s Information Sharing with e-Retailer
Authors: Li Dan , Li Kang , Pan Xue
Published: June 2022

This study explores the information sharing (IS) in a supply chain (SC) with a vendor selling goods via an e-retailer to consumers. Four scenarios were considered for the multistage game between the vendor and the e-retailer, and the vendor’s policy of IS and the e-retailer’s decision on online platform access were discussed under each scenario. The results show that the e-retailer will access the online platform at a low fixed access fee and will not at a high fixed access fee. Whether the vendor shares information with the e-retailer or not, he/she always faces a worse situation with e-retailer’s online access. The vendor’s decision on IS hinges on the commission rate, contesting intensity, and fixed access fee. When the commission rate is low, the vendor will share the demand if the fixed access fee is low and will not share the information if the access fee is moderate. When the commission rate is high and the contesting is fierce, the vendor is willing to share the demand if the fixed access fee is low or moderate and has no difference in the decision on IS if the fixed access fee is high.
Improvement of Split-Step Forward Milstein Schemes for SODEs Arising in Mathematical Physics
Authors: Ranjbar Hassan , Nouri Kazem , Torkzadeh Leila
Published: June 2022

In the present investigation, new explicit approaches by the Milstein method and increment function of the Jacobian derivative of the drift coefficient are designed. Several numerical tests such as Cox–Ingersoll–Ross process, stochastic Brusselator, and Davis-Skodje system are presented to illustrate the accuracy and the efficiency of our schemes. Furthermore, we show that the strong convergence rate of our procedures is approximately one.
Application of Set-Valued Statistical Methods for Excellent Performance Evaluation
Authors: Ji Xuefang , Wang Wei , He Jun , Wang Ziyi
Published: June 2022

The performance of an organization depends on the model and methodology adopted by the organization in carrying out casual activities. The high-performance model, which is widely recognized internationally, is an effective method and tool for the comprehensive performance management of organizations. It is used to measure how much value each employee brings to a firm in terms of improved revenue, as well as overall employee return on investment when compared to industry norms. The overall goal of the performance review process is to improve a team’s or organization’s performance in order to boost customer satisfaction. However, there are many problems with the current performance evaluation methods. For instance, the currently adopted approaches are fully reliant on the assessment team’s human scoring and lack the processing and detection of scoring results, which significantly reduce the objectivity of the evaluation outcomes. In order to sort out this issue, this paper constructs an excellent performance evaluation assessment method based on set-valued statistics, which obtains the final comprehensive score value by performing set-valued statistical processing on the scores of each evaluator and detects the evaluation results by calculating the confidence level. Hereby, the case analysis is conducted and Excel modeling to assist quantitative evaluation work is adopted. The analysis results reveal that the proposed technique is better than the earlier approaches.
Exploration of Emotion Perception in Serious Interactive Digital Narrative
Authors: Zhang Jie , Liu Yaqian
Published: June 2022

The procedural process of children’s emotional involvement in the interactive digital narrative conforms to children’s emotional attachment to the story and enhances the mediating nature of learning through forced interactivity. This study explores how compelling arcs influence learners’ preference for serious story content by using a combination of natural language processing methods and statistical analysis methods. By analyzing 474 Chinese short serious stories, the emotional trajectory of each story is generated. Then, the obtained trajectories are combined into clusters of serious story emotional groupings through supervised learning. The study results found that the emotional arc in serious stories can be divided into six basic shapes, and the serious story with the highest preference is the “N”-shaped emotional arc. Emotional ups and downs characterize the emotional narrative aspect of this type of serious story as the story progresses but with an apparent emotional uptick towards the end of the story. Based on experimentally derived emotional topology and narrative generation methods, this paper proposes the design strategies for future emotional arcs to apply to serious interactive digital narratives.
On Trees with Greatest
F
−
Invariant Using Edge Swapping Operations
Authors: Wang Wenhu , Aslam Adnan , Binyamin Muhammad Ahsan , Kanwal Salma , Irshad Iqra
Published: June 2022

The

F

-index of a graph

Q

is defined as

F

Q

=

∑

t
∈
V

Q

d

t

3

. In this paper, we use edge swapping transformations to find the extremal value of the F-index among the class of trees with given order, pendent vertices, and diameter. We determine the trees with given order, pendent vertices, and diameter having the greatest

F

-index value. Also, the first five maximum values of F index among the class of trees with given diameter are determined.
Assessment of Clinical Features in HIV-Infected Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in China
Authors: Liu Ying , Chen Yongfu , Hao Yiwei , Xiao Jing , Li Bei , Zhang Leidan , Han Junyan , Zhao Hongxin
Published: June 2022

Objectives. We aimed to compare coronary risk factors, burden of coronary artery disease (CAD), and 1-year prognosis of people living with HIV (PLWH) and HIV-negative controls who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndromes (ACSs). Background. Cardiovascular disease is drawing more and more attention in PLWH since effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been available. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of PLWH undergoing PCI for ACS in China remain unknown. Methods. We compared demographic characteristics, angiographic features, and 1-year outcomes of 48 PLWH versus 48 HIV-negative controls matched for age (±2 years), sex, diabetes mellitus, and year of PCI (±2 years) in Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2008 to November 2020. Results. In PLWH (mean age: 53.6 ± 10.6 years, 95.8% male, and 79.2% on ART), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower than in HIV-negative controls; however, the statin use was more common, the incidence of hypertension was lower, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the body mass index were significantly lower than in controls. Two groups had a similar extent of coronary atherosclerosis as measured by the presence of multivessel diseases and the median Gensini score; however, lesions of PLWH were longer and were more likely to locate at the proximal segment of the coronary artery. In addition, the risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events at 1 year was similar in both groups. Conclusion. PLWH undergoing PCI displayed similar CAD burden and 1-year prognosis compared with HIV-negative patients. Early detection of cardiovascular risk factors and appropriate secondary prevention of CAD in PLWH might alleviate the risk of severe adverse cardiovascular events.
Visual Analysis of Blockchain Energy Storage Scheduling considering the Optimal Scheduling of User-Side Source and Storage Resources
Authors: Chen Zhiwei , Xie Hu , Guo Wenxin , Zhao Ruifeng , Liu Yang
Published: June 2022

With the rapid development of Internet technology, the problem of client-side source storage resources is gradually exposed. In view of the problems of small capacity, uneven distribution, and diversification of attributable entities of user-side source storage resources, the current blockchain energy storage is difficult to schedule, and user-side sources and storage resources cannot be added to power scheduling optimization, resulting in unusable resources. In order to effectively utilize user-side resources, this paper proposes a blockchain energy storage scheduling visualization system (BESSVS) that takes into account the optimal scheduling of user-side source storage resources. The BESSVS can coordinate and optimize the management and control of decentralized power resources and load resources, and effectively combine the Internet of Things and the power plant storage energy corresponding to the BESSVS for optimal scheduling. The design of blockchain energy storage scheduling visualization system is mainly carried out from the system main body and data information structure. The advantages of blockchain in data storage, information security, data interoperability, etc., are introduced into the economic scheduling of blockchain energy storage. It is conducive to the stable scheduling of information transparency and also improves the data security and storage security of the system. Finally, the feasibility and practicability of the method are verified by an example.
Assessment of the Pollution Load of Effluents Discharged from Higher Institutions in Ethiopia: The Case of Bahir Dar University Zenzelma Campus
Authors: Lewoyehu Mekuanint , Abeje Nibret , Addisu Solomon
Published: June 2022

Waste from industries, universities, and other institutions makes water a scarce resource. Although higher institutions have an honorable and principled responsibility to the environment, most higher institutions are not performing sensibly; they discharge untreated solid and liquid wastes into the environment. The objective of this study was, thus, to assess the pollution load of effluents from Bahir Dar University Zenzelma campus, Ethiopia. Wastewater samples were collected and analyzed for physicochemical and biological qualities and heavy metal levels. The phosphate (17.2–216.17 mg/L), BOD5 (51–86 mg/L), ammonia (0.02–10.29 mg/L), turbidity (22–580 NTU), total suspended solids (230–1293.33 mg/L), electrical conductivity (241–1492.03 μS/cm), and total hardness (111.67–490 mg/L) levels surpassed the wastewater discharge limit stated by WHO, environmental protection authority, Compulsory Ethiopian Standard, and Environmental Health and Safety guidelines and did not fit wastewater reuse standard for irrigation and livestock drinking. 100% of the samples were not fit for livestock drinking as the coliform bacterium count exceeded the threshold level. Copper (0.006–1.75 mg/L), lead (0.019–0.18 mg/L), and cadmium (0.007–0.196 mg/L) levels crossed the wastewater discharge limit and were not fit for irrigation and livestock drinking, while the level of manganese (nill–0.01 mg/L) was under the threshold limit. Values of the water quality parameters were higher on the downstream site than at the upstream site showing the pollution load of Zenzelma campus effluents on the local environment (Ch’imbil River); wastewater used for irrigation and livestock drinking is unsafe. Thus, it requires immediate waste management interventions and appropriate waste treatment before being released into the environment.
Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling in Lung Cancer: A Potential Therapeutic Target
Authors: Lin Mengmeng , Li Yingying , Wang Shiyuan , Cao Bo , Li Chunyu , Li Guohui
Published: June 2022

Sphingolipids are important bioactive lipids that not only play an important role in maintaining the barrier function and fluidity of cell membranes but also regulate multiple processes in cancer development by controlling multiple signaling pathways in the signal transduction network. Dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism is thought to be one of the most important dysregulated pathways in lung cancer, the most prevalent type of cancer in terms of incidence and mortality worldwide. This article focuses on lung cancer, reviewing the important lipids in sphingolipid metabolism and the related enzymes in relation to lung cancer progression and their effects on the tumor microenvironment and discussing their roles in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.
Numerical Analysis and Optimization of Feature Extraction-Oriented English Reading Corpus
Authors: Li Yue
Published: June 2022

English is a universal language in the world. It has become the consensus of society as a subject of education in primary and secondary schools and even universities. Therefore, how to improve English reading ability has also become a focus area of school education and students. The current research on English reading is mainly based on the sense of reading questions, reading patterns, answering skills, etc. and lacks the analysis of English reading corpus. In view of this, this paper used a self-built English reading corpus, adopts the feature extraction method, and combines the convolutional neural network (CNN) to build a model to carry out numerical analysis on the self-built English reading corpus, optimized the model, and compared and analyzed the results obtained. The optimal dropout rate and iteration times were obtained by updating experimental parameters. In order to make the experimental results more convincing, the W2V-SVM and W2V-CNN models that combine different feature extraction and classification methods are designed. Compared with the optimized CNN model, the accuracy rate, recall rate, and F1 value of the optimized CNN model were 89.81%, 92.39%, and 92.8%, respectively. The accuracy, recall, and F1 value of the W2V-SVM model are 81.31%, 82.09%, and 81.25%, respectively. The accuracy, recall, and F1 value of the W2V-CNN model are 85.24%, 84.98%, and 85.12%, respectively. It shows that the optimized CNN feature classification model has better feature classification effect on the self-built English reading corpus. The experimental results meet the expected value.
Online Education Classroom Intelligent Management System Based on Tensor CS Reconstruction Model
Authors: Mu Hui , Shi Yali
Published: June 2022

To study a high-efficiency online classroom intelligent management system, this article builds an artificial intelligence classroom management system based on the tensor CS reconstruction model. Moreover, this study uses the cosine function to represent the data energy fitting of the traditional active contour model and proposes a local cosine fitting energy active contour model based on partial image restoration, which is used for image and composite image segmentation. Simultaneously, this study proposes a new type of super-resolution algorithm. This algorithm performs Fourier transform of a low-resolution image into a frequency range and then performs an inverse Fourier transform on the image expanded in the frequency range to obtain the initial high-resolution image and finally reconstructs a new super-resolution image using the frequency-domain compressed data of the high-resolution image. Finally, this study verifies and analyzes the performance of the model through experiments. The research results are basically consistent with the expectations of the model.
¿Es Chile un país populista?
Authors: Saavedra Eduardo
Published: June 2022

Sin dudas el tratar a un gobierno como “populista” resulta peyorativo, casi un insulto. El entendimiento más común acerca de este adjetivo señala que un gobierno lleva a cabo sus políticas públicas con prescindencia de los límites institucionales, minando la fortaleza institucional necesaria para el progreso del país. En tal sentido, un gobierno populista conlleva una serie de decisiones que se hacen en el límite y hasta al margen de la legalidad, induciendo un creciente nivel de corrupción a nivel de la gestión pública, tanto en materias de la administración propia del Estado como en los órganos en que este se relaciona con la sociedad civil (servicios públicos, policías y seguridad, etc.) Continuar leyendo...
Impuesto a los súper ricos
Authors: Romero Rafael , Pénnanen Carmen
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo aborda desde una mirada económica la discusión sobre la aplicación de impuestos al patrimonio en general y sobre el concepto de “súper ricos” en particular. Partiendo desde las necesidades de financiamiento que tiene el Estado, se identifican los distintos tipos de impuestos. Luego se revisa una propuesta radicada en el Congreso de Chile sobre la aplicación de impuestos a los “súper ricos”, así como una propuesta similar discutida en Estados Unidos. Se recogen las principales ideas de analistas internacionales que abogan a favor y en contra de este impuesto al patrimonio, y se revisa la evidencia de recaudación de este impuesto en países de la OECD. Continuar leyendo...
Postdiagnostic Inflammatory, Hyperinsulinemic, and Insulin-Resistant Diets and Lifestyles and the Risk of Prostate Cancer Progression and Mortality
Authors: Langlais Crystal S. , Graff Rebecca E. , Van Blarigan Erin L. , Kenfield Stacey A. , Neuhaus John , Tabung Fred K. , Cowan Janet E. , Broering Jeanette M. , Carroll Peter , Chan June M.
Published: June 2022

Background:

Inflammatory and insulin pathways have been linked to prostate cancer; postdiagnostic behaviors activating these pathways may lead to poor outcomes. The empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP), empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH), and empirical dietary index for insulin resistance (EDIR), and associated lifestyle indices (ELIH, ELIR) predict biomarkers of inflammation (EDIP: IL6, TNFaR2, CRP) and insulin secretion (EDIH/ELIH: c-peptide; EDIR/ELIR: TAG:HDL) from whole foods and behaviors.

Methods:

Associations of these indices with time to prostate cancer progression (primary, n = 2,056) and prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM; secondary, n = 2,447) were estimated among men diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer in the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor cohort diet and lifestyle sub-study. Because the true (versus clinically documented) date of progression is unobserved, we used parametric (Weibull) survival models to accommodate interval-censoringand estimated adjusted HR and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for prostate cancer progression per 1-SD increase in index. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate PCSM associations.

Results:

During a median [interquartile range (IQR)] 6.4 years (IQR, 1.3–12.7), 192 progression and 73 PCSM events were observed. Inflammatory (EDIP: HR, 1.27; CI, 1.17–1.37), hyperinsulinemic (EDIH: HR, 1.24; CI, 1.05–1.46. ELIH: HR, 1.34; CI, 1.17–1.54), and insulin-resistant (EDIR: HR, 1.22; CI, 1.00–1.48. ELIR: HR, 1.36; CI, 1.12–1.64) indices were positively associated with risk of prostate cancer progression. There was no evidence of associations between the indices and PCSM.

Conclusions:

Both inflammatory and insulinemic dietary and lifestyle patterns are associated with risk of prostate cancer progression.

Impact:

For men with prostate cancer, consuming dietary patterns that limit chronic systemic inflammation and insulin hypersecretion may improve survivorship, especially when coupled with active lifestyle and healthy body weight.

See related commentary by Kucuk, p. 1673
Chemical, Molecular, and Single-nucleus Analysis Reveal Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan Aberrancy in Fibrolamellar Carcinoma
Authors: Francisco Adam B. , Li Jine , Farghli Alaa R. , Kanke Matt , Shui Bo , Munn Paul R. , Grenier Jennifer K. , Soloway Paul D. , Wang Zhangjie , Reid Lola M. , Liu Jian , Sethupathy Praveen
Published: June 2022

Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is an aggressive liver cancer with no effective therapeutic options. The extracellular environment of FLC tumors is poorly characterized and may contribute to cancer growth and/or metastasis. To bridge this knowledge gap, we assessed pathways relevant to proteoglycans, a major component of the extracellular matrix. We first analyzed gene expression data from FLC and nonmalignant liver tissue (n = 27) to identify changes in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) biosynthesis pathways and found that genes associated with production of chondroitin sulfate, but not other GAGs, are significantly increased by 8-fold. We then implemented a novel LC/MS-MS based method to quantify the abundance of different types of GAGs in patient tumors (n = 16) and found that chondroitin sulfate is significantly more abundant in FLC tumors by 6-fold. Upon further analysis of GAG-associated proteins, we found that versican (VCAN) expression is significantly upregulated at the mRNA and protein levels, the latter of which was validated by IHC. Finally, we performed single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing on FLC tumors (n = 3), which revealed for the first time the different cell types in FLC tumors and also showed that VCAN is likely produced not only from FLC tumor epithelial cells but also activated stellate cells. Our results reveal a pathologic aberrancy in chondroitin (but not heparan) sulfate proteoglycans in FLC and highlight a potential role for activated stellate cells.

Significance:

This study leverages a multi-disciplinary approach, including state-of-the-art chemical analyses and cutting-edge single-cell genomic technologies, to identify for the first time a marked chondroitin sulfate aberrancy in FLC that could open novel therapeutic avenues in the future.
Loss of Vascular Endothelial Glutaminase Inhibits Tumor Growth and Metastasis, and Increases Sensitivity to Chemotherapy
Authors: Ngwa Verra M. , Edwards Deanna N. , Hwang Yoonha , Karno Breelyn , Wang Xiaoyong , Yan Chi , Richmond Ann , Brantley-Sieders Dana M. , Chen Jin
Published: June 2022

Glutamine is the most abundant nonessential amino acid in blood stream; yet its concentration in tumor interstitium is markedly lower than that in the serum, reflecting the huge demand of various cell types in tumor microenvironment for glutamine. While many studies have investigated glutamine metabolism in tumor epithelium and infiltrating immune cells, the role of glutamine metabolism in tumor blood vessels remains unknown. Here, we report that inducible genetic deletion of glutaminase (GLS) specifically in host endothelium, GLSECKO, impairs tumor growth and metastatic dissemination in vivo. Loss of GLS decreased tumor microvascular density, increased perivascular support cell coverage, improved perfusion, and reduced hypoxia in mammary tumors. Importantly, chemotherapeutic drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy were improved in tumor-bearing GLSECKO hosts or in combination with GLS inhibitor, CB-839. Mechanistically, loss of GLS in tumor endothelium resulted in decreased leptin levels, and exogenous recombinant leptin rescued tumor growth defects in GLSECKO mice. Together, these data demonstrate that inhibition of endothelial glutamine metabolism normalizes tumor vessels, reducing tumor growth and metastatic spread, improving perfusion, reducing hypoxia, and enhancing chemotherapeutic delivery. Thus, targeting glutamine metabolism in host vasculature may improve clinical outcome in patients with solid tumors.

Significance:

This study demonstrates a crucial role for glutamine metabolism in tumor endothelium, which may be exploited therapeutically to induce vascular normalization and improve drug delivery in solid tumors.
Multifaceted Intervention to Improve P2Y12 Inhibitor Adherence After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Stepped Wedge Trial
Authors: Ho P. Michael , O’Donnell Colin I. , McCreight Marina , Bavry Anthony A. , Bosworth Hayden B. , Girotra Saket , Grossman P. Michael , Helfrich Christian , Latif Faisal , Lu David , Matheny Michael , Mavromatis Kreton , Ortiz Jose , Parashar Amitabh , Ratliff Devona M. , Grunwald Gary K. , Gillette Michael , Jneid Hani
Published: June 2022

Background

P2Y12 inhibitor medications are critical following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); however, adherence remains suboptimal. Our objective was to assess the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention to improve P2Y12 inhibitor adherence following PCI.

Methods and Results

This was a modified stepped wedge trial of 52 eligible hospitals, of which 15 were randomly selected and agreed to participate (29 hospitals declined, and 8 eligible hospitals were not contacted). At each intervention hospital, patient recruitment occurred for 6 months and enrolled patients were followed up for 1 year after PCI. Three control groups were used: patients at intervention hospitals undergoing PCI (1) before the intervention period (preintervention); (2) after the intervention period (postintervention); or (3) at the 8 hospitals not contacted (concurrent controls). The intervention consisted of 4 components: (1) P2Y12 inhibitor delivered to patients’ bedside after PCI; (2) education on importance of P2Y12 inhibitors; (3) automated reminder telephone calls to refill medication; and (4) outreach to patients if they delayed refilling P2Y12 inhibitor. The primary outcomes were as follows: (1) proportion of patients with delays filling P2Y12 inhibitor at hospital discharge and (2) proportion of patients who were adherent in the year after PCI using pharmacy refill data. Primary analysis compared intervention with preintervention control patients. There were 1377 (intent‐to‐treat) potentially eligible patients, of whom 803 (per protocol) were approached at intervention sites versus 5910 preintervention, 2807 postintervention, and 4736 concurrent control patients. In the intent‐to‐treat analysis, intervention patients were less likely to delay filling P2Y12 at hospital discharge (−3.4%; 98.3% CI, −1.2% to −5.6%) and more likely to be adherent to P2Y12 (4.1%; 98.3% CI, 1.0%–7.1%) at 1 year, but had more clinical events (3.2%; 98.3% CI, 2.3%–4.1%) driven by repeated PCI compared with preintervention patients. In post hoc analysis looking at myocardial infarction, stroke, and death, intervention patients had lower event rates compared with preintervention patients (−1.7%; 98.3% CI, −2.3% to –1.1%).

Conclusions

A 4‐component intervention targeting P2Y12 inhibitor adherence was difficult to implement. The intervention produced mixed results. It improved P2Y12 adherence, but there was also an increase in repeat PCI.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01609842.
Misdiagnosis of Thoracic Aortic Emergencies Occurs Frequently Among Transfers to Aortic Referral Centers: An Analysis of Over 3700 Patients
Authors: Arnaoutakis George J. , Ogami Takuya , Aranda‐Michel Edgar , Dai Yancheng , Holmes Reed , Beaver Thomas M. , Serna‐Gallegos Derek , Martin Tomas D. , Navid Forozan , Yousef Sarah , Sultan Ibrahim
Published: June 2022

Background

Acute aortic syndromes may be prone to misdiagnosis by nonreferral aortic centers with less diagnostic experience. We evaluated regional variability in these misdiagnosis trends among patients transferred to different regional quaternary care centers with presumed acute aortic syndromes.

Methods and Results

Two institutional aortic center databases were retrospectively reviewed for emergency transfers in patients diagnosed with acute aortic dissection, intramural hematoma, penetrating aortic ulcer, thoracic aortic aneurysm, or aortic pseudoaneurysm between 2008 and 2020. Transferring diagnoses versus actual diagnoses were reviewed using physician notes and radiology reports. Misdiagnoses were confirmed by a board‐certified cardiothoracic surgeon. A total of 3772 inpatient transfers were identified, of which 1762 patients were classified as emergency transfers. The mean age was 64 years (58% male). Patients were transferred from 203 medical centers by ground (51%) or air (49%). Differences in transfer diagnosis and actual diagnosis were identified in 188 (10.7%) patients. Of those, incorrect classification of Type A versus B dissections was identified among 23%, and 30% of patients with a referring diagnosis of an acute aortic dissection did not have one. In addition, 14% transferred for contained/impending rupture did not have signs of rupture. All misdiagnoses were secondary to misinterpretation of imaging, with motion artifacts (n=32, 17%) and postsurgical changes (n=44, 23%) being common sources of diagnostic error.

Conclusions

Misdiagnosis of acute aortic syndromes commonly occurred in patients transferred to 2 separate large aortic referral centers. Although diagnostic accuracy may be improving, there are opportunities for improved physician awareness through standardized web‐based imaging education.
Left Frontal White Matter Links to Rhythm Processing Relevant to Speech Production in Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Bruffaerts Rose , Schaeverbeke Jolien , Radwan Ahmed , Grube Manon , Gabel Silvy , De Weer An-Sofie , Dries Eva , Van Bouwel Karen , Griffiths Timothy D. , Sunaert Stefan , Vandenberghe Rik
Published: June 2022

Recent mechanistic models argue for a key role of rhythm processing in both speech production and speech perception. Patients with the non-fluent variant (NFV) of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) with apraxia of speech (AOS) represent a specific study population in which this link can be examined. Previously, we observed impaired rhythm processing in NFV with AOS. We hypothesized that a shared neurocomputational mechanism structures auditory input (sound and speech) and output (speech production) in time, a “temporal scaffolding” mechanism. Since considerable white matter damage is observed in NFV, we test here whether white matter changes are related to impaired rhythm processing. Forty-seven participants performed a psychoacoustic test battery: 12 patients with NFV and AOS, 11 patients with the semantic variant of PPA, and 24 cognitively intact age- and education-matched controls. Deformation-based morphometry was used to test whether white matter volume correlated to rhythmic abilities. In 34 participants, we also obtained tract-based metrics of the left Aslant tract, which is typically damaged in patients with NFV. Nine out of 12 patients with NFV displayed impaired rhythmic processing. Left frontal white matter atrophy adjacent to the supplementary motor area (SMA) correlated with poorer rhythmic abilities. The structural integrity of the left Aslant tract also correlated with rhythmic abilities. A colocalized and perhaps shared white matter substrate adjacent to the SMA is associated with impaired rhythmic processing and motor speech impairment. Our results support the existence of a temporal scaffolding mechanism structuring perceptual input and speech output.
Optimization of a Proposed Cooling Bed with Nanoparticles for Superheated Sheet-Metal Rolling
Authors: Ziaei-Rad Masoud , Afshari Ebrahim , Baniasadi Ehsan , Toghyani Somayeh
Published: June 2022

A novel configuration for cooling system of a superheated sheet metal rolling is proposed. The system consists of a water pool containing nanoparticles lies under a variable velocity stretching sheet. The main goal of present work is to model the problem as a boundary layer nanofluid
flow and present an analytical solution for it, based on appropriate selection of similarity variables. Different effective parameters including the magnetic field, solid volume fraction, heat radiation, as well as viscous dissipation are considered. In addition to simplification of a complicated
problem with a simple model base on a similarity solution, the novelty of this work is to utilize non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with five decision variables for its optimization. The results reveal that by enhancing the volume fraction of nanotube particles, the velocity slightly
rises, while change in the temperature is more considerable. At higher magnetic field parameters, the velocity profile descends and temperature ascends. Higher Eckert number, as well as bigger irradiation parameter, causes more heat generation in nanofluid and enhances the temperature. We
made a comparison between three criteria decisionmaking methods and found that lower skin friction coefficient and higher Nusselt number are achieved by TOPSIS and LINMAP methods, where the optimum values for friction factor and Nusselt number are 0.54 and 1.86, respectively.
Influence of Shape Factor and Non-Linear Stretching of the Bullet-Shaped Object on the Mixed Convection Boundary Layer Flow and Heat Transfer with Viscous Dissipation and Internal Heat Generation
Authors: Ali Mohammad , Alim Md Abdul
Published: June 2022

The two-dimensional incompressible axisymmetric mixed convection magnetohydrodynamic fluid flow and energy transfer over a bullet-shaped object with a non-linear stretching surface have been investigated. The main goal of this problem is to discuss the effect of the shape and size of
the bullet-shaped object on the fluid velocity and temperature distributions. The present analysis has been performed in about two cases ε=0.0 and 2.0. Therefore, fluid velocity and temperature distributions have been investigated in two types of flow geometries such as the thicker
surface (s ≥ 2) and the thinner surface (0 < s < 2) of the bullet-shaped object. The equations for momentum and heat transfer have been converted into ODEs by using suitable local similarity transformations. These equations have been performed with a recently developed
spectral quasi-linearization method (SQLM). This method helps to identify the accuracy, validity, and convergence of the present solution. The novelty of the present work has been applying the recently developed numerical method to solve these highly nonlinear differential equations. The investigation
shows that in the case of a thicker bullet-shaped object (s ≥ 2) the velocity and temperature profiles do not converse the far-field boundary condition asymptotically but cross the axis with an upright angle and the boundary layer structure has no definite shape whereas in the case
of a thinner bullet-shaped object (0 < s < 2) the velocity profile converge the ambient condition asymptotically and the boundary layer structure has a definite shape. The innovation of this current work lies in the unification of relevant physical parameters into the governing
equations and trying to explain how the flow properties are affected by these parameters.
Influence of Bioconvection and Thermal Radiation on MHD Williamson Nano Casson Fluid Flow with the Swimming of Gyrotactic Microorganisms Due to Porous Stretching Sheet
Authors: Jawad M. , Mebarek-Oudina F. , Vaidya H. , Prashar P.
Published: June 2022

An analysis is performed for electrical MHD flow of Williamson Nano Casson fluid with heat transfer. The fluid is positioned toward a porous stretching sheet along with mass flux. The impact of chemical diffusion and nonlinear thermal Radiation are further discussed. A highly nonlinear
partial differential equations presenting the Williamson Nano Casson fluid flow over permeable extending plate is transformed to ordinary differential equations through appropriate similarity transformation and solved them with a shooting method-using package ND-Solve on Mathematica. The ascendency
of arising physical interpretation of thermo-physical parameter on energy field, highly concentration field and density field are perceived. The valuations are achieved graphically for numerous protuberant terms like non Newtonian Williamson parameter, bio convection, Peclet number, mixed
convection Hartman number, Casson parameter, thermophoresis diffusion, bio convection Rayeigh number, Brownian motion and mixed convection terms. These diverse terms are applied on dimensionless velocity function, concentration function, temperature function and density of the motile microorganism
and analyzed numerically in detail. It is detected that through rising the value of bio-convection and Peclet number, the microorganism field diminishing. Graphical diagrams are illustrating the consistency of the latest outcomes.
The effects of visual-audio merchandising elements on consumers’ impulsive purchase intentions in apparel e-customization
Authors: Li Pei , Pan Mengshi , Qu Hongjian , Wu Chunmao
Published: June 2022

With the development of Internet technology, increasing numbers of people would like to have clothes that are customized to meet their personalization requirements. The purpose of this study is to explore how visual-audio merchandising elements affect consumers’ impulsive purchase intentions in apparel e-customization. There are five dimensions to visual-audio merchandising elements, i.e. the perceived visual-audio of environmental atmosphere, the perceived visual of apparel attributes, the perceived visual-audio of apparel presentation effects, the perceived visual of fashion information, and the perceived visual of service information. Supported by the stimulus-organism-response model, a theoretical model is constructed with positive emotion as the mediating variable. The exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis, and mediating effect test are adopted to analyze 361 valid datasets. The application and feedback are conducted as well. The findings indicate that (a) visual-audio merchandising elements, perceived visual-audio of environmental atmosphere, perceived visual of apparel attributes, perceived visual of fashion information, and perceived visual of service information positively influence impulsive purchase intentions; (b) perceived visual-audio of apparel presentation effects have no direct significant effect on impulsive purchase intentions; (c) visual-audio merchandising elements, perceived visual-audio of environmental atmosphere, perceived visual of apparel attributes, perceived visual-audio of apparel presentation effects, perceived visual of fashion information, and perceived visual of service information positively influence positive emotion; (d) positive emotion positively influences impulsive purchase intentions; and (e) positive emotion mediates the relationship between visual-audio merchandising elements and impulsive purchase intentions. The quality of technology and service should be considered by brand managers. The findings contribute to fashion brand e-customization and online shopping strategies and provide suggestions on consumers’ impulsive purchase intentions.
Development of a carotid artery thrombolysis stroke model in mice
Authors: Maclean Jessica A. A. , Tomkins Amelia J. , Sturgeon Sharelle A. , Hofma Benjamin R. , Alwis Imala , Samson Andre L. , Schoenwaelder Simone M. , Jackson Shaun P.
Published: June 2022

Recanalization with restored cerebral perfusion is the primary goal of thrombolytic therapy in acute ischemic stroke. The identification of adjunctive therapies that can be safely used to enhance thrombolysis in stroke remains an elusive goal. We report here the development of a mouse in situ carotid artery thrombolysis (iCAT) stroke model involving graded cerebral ischemia to induce unihemispheric infarction after thrombotic occlusion of the common carotid artery (CCA). Electrolytic-induced thrombotic occlusion of the left CCA enabled real-time assessment of recanalization and rethrombosis events after thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA). Concurrent transient stenosis of the right CCA induced unihemispheric hypoperfusion and infarction in the left middle cerebral artery territory. Real-time assessment of thrombolysis revealed recanalization rates <30% in rtPA-treated animals with high rates of rethrombosis. Addition of the direct thrombin inhibitor argatroban increased recanalization rates to 50% and reduced rethrombosis. Paradoxically, this was associated with increased cerebral ischemia and stroke-related mortality (25%-42%). Serial analysis of carotid and cerebral blood flow showed that coadministration of argatroban with rtPA resulted in a marked increase in carotid artery embolization, leading to distal obstruction of the middle cerebral artery. Real-time imaging of carotid thrombi revealed that adjunctive anticoagulation destabilized platelet-rich thrombi at the vessel wall, leading to dislodgement of large platelet emboli. These studies confirm the benefits of anticoagulants in enhancing thrombolysis and large artery recanalization; however, at high levels of anticoagulation (∼3-fold prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time), this effect is offset by increased incidence of carotid artery embolization and distal middle cerebral artery occlusion. The iCAT stroke model should provide important new insight into the effects of adjunctive antithrombotic agents on real-time thrombus dynamics during thrombolysis and their correlation with stroke outcomes.
Defective VWF secretion due to expression ofMYH9-RD E1841K mutant in endothelial cells disrupts hemostasis
Authors: Cao Yang , Sun Yanjie , Deng Yanan , Wei Guoqin , Liu Junling , Jin Shengyu , Dong Chao , Kang Xuya , Huo Yingqing , Zhang Jingjing , Luo Jincai
Published: June 2022

Mutations in MYH9, the gene encoding the heavy chain of nonmuscle myosin IIa (NMII-A), cause MYH9-related disease (MYH9-RD), which is an autosomal-dominant thrombocytopenia with bleeding tendency. Previously, we showed that NMII-A in endothelial cells (ECs) is critical for hemostasis via regulating von Willebrand factor (VWF) release from Weibel-Palade bodies (WPBs). The aim of this study was to determine the role of the expression of MYH9 mutants in ECs in the pathogenesis of the MYH9-RD bleeding symptom. First, we expressed the 5 most common NMII-A mutants in ECs and found that E1841K mutant-expressing ECs secreted less VWF than the controls in response to a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling agonist. Then, we generated 2 knockin mouse lines, 1 with Myh9 E1841K in ECs and the other in megakaryocytes. Endothelium-specific E1841K mice exhibited impaired cAMP-induced VWF release and a prolonged bleeding time with normal platelets, whereas megakaryocyte-specific E1841K mice exhibited macrothrombocytopenia and a prolonged bleeding time with normal VWF release. Finally, we presented mechanistic findings that E1841K mutation not only interferes with S1943 phosphorylation and impairs the peripheral distribution of Rab27a-positive WPBs in Ecs under quiescent condition but also interferes with S1916 phosphorylation by disrupting the interaction with zyxin and CKIIα and reduces actin framework formation around WPBs and subsequent VWF secretion under the stimulation by a cAMP agonist. Altogether, our results suggest that impaired cAMP-induced endothelial VWF secretion by E1841K mutant expression may contribute to the MYH9-RD bleeding phenotype.