bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generic hybrid model for breast cancer mammography image classification using EfficientNetB2
Authors: Abioye Oluwasegun Abiodun , Thomas Sadiq , Odimba Chinomso Roselyn , Olalekan Awujoola Joel
Published: November 2023

Breast cancer is a global health issue that necessitates precise classification for early detection and effective treatment. In recent years, pre-trained models have shown great potential in the field of medical image classification, including breast cancer classification. These models have been trained on extensive datasets, and they possess the ability to capture intricate features and patterns within medical images, facilitating accurate classification. However, some of the models are non-generic. They can be sensitive to dataset biases, leading to over fitting on specific patterns present in the training data, and they equally struggle to handle data from different distributions. In this work, we proposed a generic hybrid model for image classification. The features were extracted from two datasets: the mammographic image analysis society (MIAS) and the INbreast dataset, respectively, through the pre trained EfficientNetB2 architecture. However, three classifiers were used in the image classification of the extracted features: MGSVM, CUBIC SVM, and XGBOOST. Eight evaluation metrics were selected to assess the performance of the proposed models. These metrics include accuracy, precision, F1-score, AUC, sensitivity, false negative rate (FNR), Kappa score, and time complexity. Experimental results show that the hybrid of EfficientNetB2 and the MGSVM classifier is more generic and efficient for breast cancer diagnosis and classification. It exhibits a strong performance when classifying mammography breast images from both datasets, achieving impressive metrics such as an overall accuracy of 99.47%, a sensitivity rate of 99.31%, precision of 99.44%, F1-score of 99.44%, AUC of 99.44%, a low FNR (False Negative Rate) of 0.007, a kappa score of 0.98, and a manageable time complexity of 231.44 seconds on the MIAS Dataset.
Ludność żydowska w Dąbiu nad Nerem
Authors: Kawski Tomasz
Published: November 2023

W artykule opisano dzieje społeczności żydowskiej w Dąbiu nad Nerem od początku osadnictwa do kresu jej istnienia w czasie II wojny światowej. Tekst został podzielony na dwie części. W pierwszej opisano w sposób syntetyczny najważniejsze cechy populacji w różnych epokach, w kolejnej skupiono się na okresie wojny i Zagłady. Wyzyskano nowe, niewykorzystywane wcześniej zasoby źródłowe w postaci dokumentów, edycji źródeł i rozmaitych baz danych.

Jewish Population in Dąbie nad Nerem: The article describes the history of the Jewish community in Dąbie nad Nerem from the beginning of settlement to the end of its existence during World War II. The text has been divided into two parts. The first describes in a synthetic way the most important features of the population in different epochs, the next focuses on the period of war and the Holocaust. New, previously unused source resources were exploited in the form of documents, source editions and various databases.
Development of a simultaneous multi component analytical method for 37 new psychoactive substances in wastewater using LC MS/MS
Authors: Kim Uyeong , Sim Wonjin , Cha Hye Jin , Oh Jeong-Eun
Published: November 2023

A simultaneous multi–component analytical method for 37 New psychoactive substances (NPS) in wastewater using LC–MS/MS was developed in this study. Cartridge and solvent tests were conducted to establish the optimal method taking into consideration the polarity and acid–base characteristics of widely distributed NPS. The most efficient pretreatment method was to use HLB cartridge with 2% Formic acid in methanol elution solvent. The developed analytical method was validated by evaluating its specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision (intra and inter), and robustness. The r2 of calibration curves ranged from 0.9969 to 0.9999, ensuring linearity within the concentration range of 0.5–100 ng/mL. The accuracy for 37 compounds ranged from 72.2 to 114.7%, with an intra–day precision ranging from 0.45 to 11.63% and an inter–day precision ranging from 0.96 to 17.99%. The MDL was in the range of 0.01–2.91 ng/L and the LOQ was 0.03–9.71 ng/L. Robustness was evaluated to test the stability of the final solutions, and all compounds were assessed over 36 h and 30 days. The developed analytical method was applied to wastewater samples collected from six Korean WWTPs, and five compounds were detected.
“All the World’s a Stage”: Theatricality as a Key Concept in Cultural Studies
Authors:   Freie Universität, Berlin, Fischer-Lichte Erika
Published: November 2023

In this paper, I present a broader interpretation of theatricality, which can be a useful basis for research in cultural studies. The reader is also provided a historical overview of the concept of theatricality. We are given some insight into Russian theoretician Nikolaj Evreinov’s theory of theatricality. Further on, I present an overview of the influence Evreinov’s ideas had on theatre studies. According to me, four aspects can be distilled from Evreinov’s concept of theatricality: that of the performance, that of the mise-en-scène, that of physicality, and that of perception.
Machine Learning-Based Classification of Pulmonary Diseases through Real-Time Lung Sounds
Authors: Sangeetha Balasubramanian  , Periyasamy Rajadurai
Published: November 2023

The study presents a computer-based automated system that employs machine learning to classify pulmonary diseases using lung sound data collected from hospitals. Denoising techniques, such as discrete wavelet transform and variational mode decomposition, are applied to enhance classifier performance. The system combines cepstral features, such as Mel-frequency cepstrum coefficients and gammatone frequency cepstral coefficients, for classification. Four machine learning classifiers, namely the decision tree, k-nearest neighbor, linear discriminant analysis, and random forest, are compared. Evaluation metrics such as accuracy, recall, specificity, and f1 score are employed. This study includes patients affected by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, bronchiectasis, and healthy individuals. The results demonstrate that the random forest classifier outperforms the others, achieving an accuracy of 99.72% along with 100% recall, specificity, and f1 scores. The study suggests that the computer-based system serves as a decision-making tool for classifying pulmonary diseases, especially in resource-limited settings.
Classification and Antitumor Activities of Postbiotics from the Biotic Family
Authors: AŞİT Mert , SAKA Mendane
Published: November 2023

Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and although the prognosis for patients has improved, it is still poor in a significant proportion of cases. Complex and inconclusive approaches to anticancer treatment in the human body motivate the search for new ways to create an anticancer environment. Studies have shown that probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and postbiotics are effective in their use as adjunctive therapy in cancer treatment. Postbiotics, from the biotic family, are health-promoting microbial metabolites offered as a functional food or dietary supplement. They directly affect the body's signaling pathways or indirectly manipulate the metabolism and composition of the intestinal microflora. The administration of postbiotics is an effective complementary strategy to fight cancer. In this review, studies including the antitumoral effects of postbiotics and their role in metastatic cancers were examined and the main findings showing the usefulness of postbiotic sources in tumor cells were summarized. Postbiotics can be considered as adjunctive therapy in cancer treatment and may help reduce the side effects caused by treatment methods. In addition, more in vivo and in vitro studies are needed to evaluate the effects of postbiotics on cancer in detail.
Babaların Bakış Açısına Göre Çocuğun Teknolojik Araç Kullanımının İncelenmesi
Authors: KARASELVİ Tuğba , GÜRSOY Figen
Published: November 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırmada babaların bakış açısına göre çocuğun teknolojik araç kullanımın incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Örneklem ve Yöntem: Araştırmada kullanılan yöntem nitel araştırma yöntemidir. Araştırmanın verileri “Demografik Bilgi Formu” ve “Yarı Yapılandırılmış Baba Görüşme Formu’’ ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan görüşme formu babaların teknolojik araçlar ve teknolojik araçların kullanımı hakkındaki görüşlerini, çocuklarının teknolojik araç kullanımına ilişkin algılarını, çocuklarının teknolojik araçları doğru kullanımına yönelik farkındalık düzeylerini belirlemeye yönelik nitel sorulardan oluşmaktadır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya Ankara’da yaşayan 4-6 yaş grubu çocuğu olan babalar arasından gönüllü katılım sağlayan 20 baba katılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan babaların çocuklarının %40’ının 2 yaş ve öncesinde, %25’inin 3 yaşında, %25’inin 4 yaşında ve %10’unun ise 5 yaşında teknolojik araçlar ile tanıştığı görülmektedir. Çocuğun gün içerisinde vakit geçirdiği teknolojik araçlar incelendiğinde sırasıyla en çok tablet, akıllı telefon ve televizyon olduğu görülmektedir. Çocukların %55’inin tablete, %10’unun masaüstü bilgisayara, %5’inin laptopa, %5’inin ise akıllı telefona sahip olduğu; %40’ının ise hiçbir teknolojik alete sahip olmadığı görülmüştür. Katılımcıların %95’inin evinde internet bağlantısı bulunurken %5’inde internet bağlantısı bulunmamaktadır. Sonuç: Çocuklarının teknolojik araç kullanımları incelendiğinde, çocukların teknolojik araçlardan en az birini gün içerisinde kullandığı görülmüştür. Bu araçların kullanımında eğitsel içerikler haricinde diğer içeriklerin kullanımı konusunda babalar tarafından sınırlandırmalar yapıldığı görülmektedir. Babaların sınırlandırmalar getirmesindeki en önemli neden ise çocuğun gelişimini etkilediği düşüncesidir. Teknolojik araçlar ile çocuğun kontrolsüz ve uzun süre vakit geçirmesi çocuğun sadece gelişimini değil aynı zamanda aile ilişkilerini, akran iletişimini ve kardeş ilişkilerini de etkilemektedir. Aynı zamanda çocuğun geleneksel oyun yerine dijital oyunları tercih etme sebepleri, dijital oyunların daha renkli ve ilgi çekici olması olarak görülmektedir. Babalar dijital oyunları geleneksel oyunlara göre bireysel oynanan oyun olarak gördükleri için çocuğun paylaşımda bulunmasını engelleyeceği ve sosyal bağlarını zayıflatabileceğini düşünmektedir. Bu bağlamda teknolojik araçların bilinçli kullanımı, sağlıklı dijital alışkanlıkların oluşturulması ve ebeveynlerin teknoloji kullanımlarının çocuk üzerindeki etkileri konusunda ebeveynlerin bilgilendirilmesi önerisinde bulunulmuştur.
Pain, No Gain? A Joint-Autoethnography of Our Working Lives as Academics with Chronic Illnesses
Authors: Wilkinson Samantha , Wilkinson Catherine
Published: November 2023

This paper adopts a joint-autoethnographic approach to explore our lived experiences of working in academia whilst living with chronic illness, specifically Ankylosing Spondylitis, at two ‘new’ public universities in the North of England, UK. Use of the novel methodological approach of joint-autoethnography enables us to provide a snapshot into what it means to be ‘othered’ in contemporary neoliberal academia. We contribute to existing debates which seek to disrupt perceptions of academia as an elitist, ablest and privileged ivory tower. Through data captured in personal research diaries, we shed light on the emotional and embodied experiences of living with chronic illness whilst navigating academia, and how we perform our (un)spoiled academic identities. This is important because women with chronic illnesses and disabilities are significantly under-represented in senior roles within universities. This paper will interest an international readership because chronic illnesses are widespread in the workforce and these individuals offer a unique perspective within higher education, and have an awareness of the barriers faced by other academics and students with chronic illnesses.
 
Received: 1 September 2023 | Revised: 30 October 2023 | Accepted: 30 October 2023
 
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
 
Data Availability Statement
The data that supports the finding of this study are not publicly available due to privacy concerns of the participants. However, anonymized data are available from the author on reasonable request. Requests should be made to Samantha.wilkinson@mmu.ac.uk and should include a brief description of the intended use of the data.
El rol del Ejército Nacional de Colombia, desde el año 2010, con respecto al conflicto ambiental
Authors: Cuadros Blanco Jairo Leonel , Ramírez Narváez Javier
Published: November 2023

El conflicto armado en Colombia no solo involucra las confrontaciones entre el Ejército Nacional y los grupos armados ilegales; el medioambiente también es víctima de este flagelo, tanto desde la ilegalidad como desde la legalidad. Es así que esta investigación analiza el rol del Ejército Nacional de Colombia desde el año 2010, con respecto al conflicto ambiental. Para tal fin se realizará una búsqueda sistemática de literatura disponible en bases de datos indexadas (DialnetPlus, Scielo y Scopus), para ubicar literatura actual relacionada con el tema de estudio, empleando los operadores boléanos AND; OR; NOT. Como resultado, se estructuran tres categorías de análisis: 1) Conceptualización del conflicto ambiental en Colombia, 2) Ejército Nacional como actor del conflicto ambiental y, 3) Delitos ambientales y los compromisos de Colombia. A modo de conclusión, se estableció que los delitos ambientales y el rol de Ejército Nacional, en términos generales, son una problemática que trasciende fronteras, debido a que la ejecución de las tropas no tiene como determinante un objetivo militar específico.
La definición detrás del terror: la dificultad tras el concepto de terrorismo
Authors: Beltrán Peña José del Carmen , Pirateque Perdomo Pamela
Published: November 2023

El concepto de terrorismo ha sido abordado por muchas investigaciones a nivel doméstico y sistémico. El constructo teórico permite afirmar que no hay una única noción de terrorismo, sino que existe una convergencia de definiciones aplicables a múltiples campos de conocimiento. Esto, entendiendo el concepto como un fenómeno divergente que ha logrado evolucionar a lo largo de los años. El siguiente artículo tiene por objetivo identificar la evolución del concepto del terrorismo desde mediados del siglo XX hasta el siglo XXI, haciendo énfasis en sus principales periodos de resonancia. Para este fin, se realiza un análisis bibliométrico a través de un algoritmo de búsqueda en Scopus y la herramienta Bibliometrix. Dicho análisis se complementa con una revisión de literatura que da cuenta de la mutación del concepto a nivel histórico-social, dando como resultado final la identificación de cinco periodos de tiempo en los que el concepto de terrorismo ha transmutado y conservado su esencia de generación de miedo-terror. Así, dentro de las principales conclusiones de la investigación está que la difícil construcción teórica del concepto de terrorismo se debe a los prejuicios que se tienen en torno al término, a la basta conversación que se ha desarrollado al respecto sin puntos de integración, y a los eventos internacionales que contribuyen a construir y desfigurar el concepto.
El rol del Ejército de Liberación Nacional en los dominios de tierra, ciberespacio y cognitivo en el escenario de conflicto armado colombiano
Authors: Arciniegas Londoño Laura , Arcila Martinez Leidy Yurany
Published: November 2023

El presente artículo tiene como fin profundizar y esclarecer el papel que el Ejército de Liberación Nacional ha desempeñado en los dominios de tierra, ciberespacio y cognitivo dentro del ámbito del conflicto armado colombiano. Esta inmersión se justifica al reconocer que la extensa duración del conflicto ha facilitado la incorporación y adaptación de innovadoras estrategias, tácticas, técnicas y herramientas, las cuales han tenido repercusiones profundas en los aspectos físicos, informativos y cognitivos del enfrentamiento. Tales innovaciones, lejos de ser neutrales, han exacerbado el deterioro de los entornos sociales y han encendido las llamas de un enfrentamiento continuo con el Gobierno Nacional y su población. Con este trasfondo, el artículo aspira a llevar a cabo un análisis minucioso de cómo las acciones emprendidas por la guerrilla colombiana, específicamente por el Ejército de Liberación Nacional, se manifiestan y se interrelacionan con estos dominios emergentes, sobre todo en los actos de violencia que han marcado a la nación.
ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ GÃY XƯƠNG VÙNG MẤU CHUYỂN XƯƠNG ĐÙI BẰNG ĐINH CHỐT ĐÙI GẦN
Authors: Nguyễn Huy Toàn
Published: November 2023

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu nhằm đánh giá kết quả phục hồi giải phẫu và chức năng của bệnh nhân gãy liên mấu chuyển được kết hợp xương bằng đinh chốt đùi gần. Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu được thực hiện trên các bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán gãy liên mấu chuyển xương đùi, tuổi từ 17 trở lên và được mổ kết hợp xương bằng đinh chốt đùi gần loại 1 vít cổ xương đùi. Kết quả: Từ tháng 3/2018 đến tháng 3/2019, chúng tôi ghi nhận 36 bệnh nhân được điều trị bằng đinh chốt đùi gần chống xoay. Trong đó có 24 nữ/ 12 nam. Tuổi trung bình 72,21 ± 6,35 tuổi. Thời gian theo dõi trung bình 18 tháng. Kết luận: Gãy liên mấu chuyển xương đùi đa số ở người lớn tuổi, sử dụng đinh chốt đùi gần cho kết quả tốt, các trường hợp đều đạt lành xương và phục hồi chức năng tốt.
NGHIÊN CỨU MÔ HÌNH BỆNH TẬT TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA CÁI NƯỚC TỪ NĂM 2020 ĐẾN NĂM 2022
Authors: Nguyễn Tuyết Nhanh , Võ Huỳnh Trang
Published: November 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Việc xác định mô hình bệnh tật tại một cơ sở y tế cụ thể vào một thời điểm cụ thể là việc làm hết sức cần thiết, giúp cho ngành y tế xây dựng kế hoạch chăm sóc sức khỏe cho nhân dân một cách toàn diện. Mục tiêu:  Xác định mô hình bệnh tật và tỷ lệ 10 bệnh thường mắc của người bệnh nội trú và ngoại trú theo ICD-10 tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Cái Nước từ năm 2020 đến năm 2022. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả hồi cứu trên hồ sơ, bệnh án bệnh nhân đến khám chữa bệnh nội trú và ngoại trú. Kết quả: 10 nhóm bệnh nội trú năm 2020 chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất là mã bệnh O80 (sanh thường 1 con) chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (21,02%), kế đó là mã bệnh K25 (loét dạ dày) 15,72%, mã bệnh I10 (tăng huyết áp) 12,28%. 10 nhóm bệnh ngoại trú năm 2020 chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất là mã bệnh I10 (tăng huyết áp) chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (20,06%), kế đó là mã E11 (đái tháo đường) 19,65%, J20 (viêm phế quản cấp) 12,23%, K25 (loét dạ dày) 9,42%, M13 (các viêm khớp khác) 8,72%, J02 (viêm họng cấp) 7,64%, H10 (viêm kết mạc) 6,87%, K02 (sâu răng) 6,18%, U62.141 (tý chứng viêm 1 khớp không đặc hiệu) 4,98%, J32 (viêm xoang mãn tính) 4,25%. Kết luận: Mô hình bệnh tật của Bệnh viện Đa khoa Cái Nước trong giai đoạn 2020-2022 có sự gia tăng của nhóm bệnh không lây mạn tính.
ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆU QUẢ BƯỚC ĐẦU ĐIỀU TRỊ ĐÁI DƯỠNG CHẤP BẰNG LIỆU PHÁP XƠ HÓA SỬ DỤNG POVIDONE IODINE TẠI BỆNH VIỆN HỮU NGHỊ VIỆT ĐỨC
Authors: Võ Văn Minh , Lê Nguyên Vũ , Đỗ Trường Thành
Published: November 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Đái dưỡng chấp là bệnh lý của hệ tiết niệu do sự thông thương giữa hệ bạch mạch sang đường bài xuất. Liệu pháp xơ hóa vùng chậu - thận (RPIS) bằng povidone iodine thường được sử dụng trong trường hợp điều trị bảo tồn thất bại. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: mô tả chùm ca lâm sàng. năm trường hợp lâm sàng đái dưỡng chấp được điều trị bằng bơm xơ hóa povidone iodine 5% với liều 20mL/ngày trong 3 ngày liên tiếp. Kết quả: 5 trường hợp hết triệu chứng tiểu đục ngay sau bơm povidone iodine, 2 trường hợp đau hạ sườn mức độ vừa và nhẹ nhưng không cần điều trị thuốc giảm đau, dưỡng chấp niệu sau 3 ngày âm tính. Kết luận: Sử dụng povidone iodine 5% đa liều trong điều trị đái dưỡng chấp có hiệu quả điều trị tương đương các phác độ điều trị RPIS khác, là một phương pháp ít xâm lấn, hiệu quả, tiết kiệm chi phí và an toàn.
Opinion: Establishing a science-into-policy process for tropospheric ozone assessment
Authors: Derwent Richard G. , Parrish David D. , Faloona Ian C.
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Elevated tropospheric ozone concentrations driven by anthropogenic precursor emissions are an environmental hazard scientifically similar to the depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer and global climate change; however, the tropospheric ozone issue lacks the generally accepted, international assessment efforts that have greatly informed our understanding of the other two. Here, we briefly review those successful science-into-policy approaches and outline the elements required to conduct a similar process for tropospheric ozone. Particular emphasis is placed on the need to establish a conceptual model to fully understand the underpinning science, useful policy metrics, and motivating international policy forums for regulating anthropogenic ozone production over the hemispheric and global scales, thereby expanding beyond the traditional regional, air basin approach that has dominated air quality regulatory philosophy to date.
Unraveling the complexities of the Last Glacial Maximum climate: the role of individual boundary conditions and forcings
Authors: Shi Xiaoxu , Werner Martin , Yang Hu , D'Agostino Roberta , Liu Jiping , Yang Chaoyuan , Lohmann Gerrit
Published: November 2023

Abstract. In order to quantify the relative importance of individual boundary conditions and forcings, including greenhouse gases, ice sheets, and Earth's orbital parameters, on determining Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) climate, we have performed a series of LGM experiments using a state-of-the-art climate model AWI-ESM, in which different combinations of boundary conditions and forcings have been applied following the protocol of Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project phase 4 (PMIP4). In good agreement with observational proxy records, a general colder and drier climate is simulated in our full-forced LGM experiment as compared to the present-day simulation. Our simulated results from non-full-forced sensitivity simulations reveal that both the greenhouse gases and ice sheets play a major role in defining the anomalous LGM surface temperature compared to today. Decreased greenhouse gases in LGM as compared to present day leads to a non-uniform global cooling with polar amplification effect. The presence of LGM ice sheets favors a warming over the Arctic and northern Atlantic oceans in boreal winter, as well as a cooling over regions with the presence of ice sheets. The former is induced by a strengthening in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) transporting more heat to high latitudes, whilst the latter is due to the increased surface albedo and elevation of ice sheets. We find that the Northern Hemisphere monsoon precipitation is influenced by the opposing effects of LGM greenhouse gases and ice sheets. Specifically, the presence of ice sheets leads to significant drying in the Northern Hemisphere monsoon regions, while a reduction in greenhouse gases results in increased monsoon rainfall. Based on our model results, continental ice sheets exert a major control on atmospheric dynamics and the variability of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Moreover, our analysis also implies a nonlinearity in climate response to LGM boundary conditions and forcings.
How a warmer Mediterranean preconditions the upper-level environment for the development of Medicane Ianos
Authors: Sanchez Claudio , Gray Suzanne , Volonte Ambrogio , Pantillon Florian , Berthou Segolene , Davolio Silvio
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Medicane Ianos in September 2020 was one of the strongest medicanes observed in the last 25 years. It was, like other medicanes, a very intense cyclone evolving from a baroclinic mid-latitude low into a tropical-like cyclone. The dynamical elements necessary to improve the predictability of Ianos are explored with the use of simulations with the Met Office Unified Model (MetUM) at 2.2 km grid spacing for five different initialisation times, from four to two days before Ianos's landfall. Simulations are also performed with the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) uniformly increased and decreased by 2 K from analysis to explore the impact of enhanced and reduced sea-surface surface fluxes on Ianos's evolution. All the simulations with +2 K SST are able to simulate medicane Ianos, albeit too intensely. The simulations with control SST initialised at the two earliest times fail to capture intense preceding precipitation events at the right locations, and the subsequent development of Ianos. Amongst the simulations with -2 K SST, only the one initialised at the latest time develops the medicane.  Links between sea-surface fluxes and upper-level baroclinic processes are investigated. We find (i) a bubble of low-valued potential vorticity (PV) formed within a trough above where Ianos developed, diabatic processes associated with a preceding precipitation event triggered a balanced divergent flow in the upper-levels which contributed to the creation and maintenance this low-PV bubble, as shown by results from a semi-geostrophic inversion tool, (ii) Upper-level geostrophic vorticity advection associated with the low-PV bubble forced quasi-geostrophic ascent during Ianos's cyclogenesis, and (iii) diabatic processes dominated by deep convection formed a vertical PV tower in Ianos and continued to produce diabatically-induced divergent outflow aloft, thus sustaining Ianos's development. Simulations missing any of these three elements do not develop medicane Ianos. Our results imply that  preceding convection was essential for the subsequent development of Ianos, highlighting the importance of the interactions between near-surface small-scale diabatic processes and the upper-level quasi-geostrophic flow. A warmer SST strengthens the processes and thus enables Ianos to be predicted in simulations initiated at the earlier times that failed to generate the medicane with control SSTs.
Overcoming computational challenges to realize meter- to submeter-scale resolution in cloud simulations using the super-droplet method
Authors: Matsushima Toshiki , Nishizawa Seiya , Shima Shin-ichiro
Published: November 2023

Abstract. A particle-based cloud model was developed for meter- to submeter-scale-resolution simulations of warm clouds. Simplified cloud microphysics schemes have already made meter-scale-resolution simulations feasible; however, such schemes are based on empirical assumptions, and hence they contain huge uncertainties. The super-droplet method (SDM) is a promising candidate for cloud microphysical process modeling and is a particle-based approach, making fewer assumptions for the droplet size distributions. However, meter-scale-resolution simulations using the SDM are not feasible even on existing high-end supercomputers because of high computational cost. In the present study, we overcame challenges to realize such simulations. The contributions of our work are as follows: (1) the uniform sampling method is not suitable when dealing with a large number of super-droplets (SDs). Hence, we developed a new initialization method for sampling SDs from a real droplet population. These SDs can be used for simulating spatial resolutions between meter and submeter scales. (2) We optimized the SDM algorithm to achieve high performance by reducing data movement and simplifying loop bodies using the concept of effective resolution. The optimized algorithms can be applied to a Fujitsu A64FX processor, and most of them are also effective on other many-core CPUs and possibly graphics processing units (GPUs). Warm-bubble experiments revealed that the throughput of particle calculations per second for the improved algorithms is 61.3 times faster than those for the original SDM. In the case of shallow cumulous, the simulation time when using the new SDM with 32–64 SDs per cell is shorter than that of a bin method with 32 bins and comparable to that of a two-moment bulk method. (3) Using the supercomputer Fugaku, we demonstrated that a numerical experiment with 2 m resolution and 128 SDs per cell covering 13 8242×3072 m3 domain is possible. The number of grid points and SDs are 104 and 442 times, respectively, those of the highest-resolution simulation performed so far. Our numerical model exhibited 98 % weak scaling for 36 864 nodes, accounting for 23 % of the total system. The simulation achieves 7.97 PFLOPS, 7.04 % of the peak ratio for overall performance, and a simulation time for SDM of 2.86×1013 particle ⋅ steps per second. Several challenges, such as incorporating mixed-phase processes, inclusion of terrain, and long-time integrations, remain, and our study will also contribute to solving them. The developed model enables us to study turbulence and microphysics processes over a wide range of scales using combinations of direct numerical simulation (DNS), laboratory experiments, and field studies. We believe that our approach advances the scientific understanding of clouds and contributes to reducing the uncertainties of weather simulation and climate projection.
حق اليتيم في التربية الإسلامية (دراسة فقهية)
Authors:   أستاذ مشارك، قسم الشريعة والقانون، كلية الشريعة والقانون، جامعة جدة، المملكة العربية السعودية, الحربي أمينه
Published: November 2023

تناول هذا البحث حقوق اليتيم في التربية الإسلامية من حيث المحبة والإشباع العاطفي، والنصح والإرشاد، والتعليم وإبداء الرأي، واللعب واللهو، وتوفير الحماية له من جميع الاعتداءات النفسية والجسدية، وتتجلى أهمية البحث في بيان حقوق اليتيم في التربية أسوة بغيرة من الأطفال. انتهجت في هذا البحث المنهج الاستقرائي الاستنتاجي، والحرص على تدعيم البحث بالنصوص الشرعية، وبيان مواضع الآيات القرآنية في المصحف بذكر اسم الآية ورقم الآية، وتخريج الأحاديث الشريفة والواردة في ثنايا البحث مع بيان درجتها إن لم تكن في الصحيحين أو أحدهما، فإن كانت كذلك فسأكتفي بالتخريج منهما. تناولت البحث في مبحثين؛ جاء في المبحث الأول: التعريف بمصطلحات البحث، وفيه مطلبان: المطلب الأول: تعريف الحق، وفيه أربعة فروع: الفرع الأول: الحق في اللغة، الفرع الثاني: الحق في الاصطلاح، الفرع الثالث: أقسام الحق، الفرع الرابع: المقصود بالتربية، وفي المطلب الثاني: التعريف باليتيم، وفيه ثلاثة فروع: الفرع الأول: اليتيم في اللغة، الفرع الثاني: اليتيم في الاصطلاح، الفرع الثالث: أنواع اليتيم. وجاء في المبحث الثاني: حق اليتيم في التربية، وفيه خمسة مطالب: المطلب الأول: حق اليتيم في المحبة والإشباع العاطفي، المطلب الثاني: حق اليتيم في النصح والإرشاد، المطلب الثالث: حق اليتيم في التعليم وإبداء الرأي، المطلب الرابع: حق اليتيم في اللعب واللهو، المطلب الخامس: حق اليتيم في الحماية من الاعتداءات الجسدية والنفسية، ثم الخاتمة وفيها أهم النتائج من أهمها: اليتيم الحقيقي من فقد أباه قبل البلوغ، اليتيم الحكمي هو الطفل الموجود أبوه على قيد الحياة لكنه في حكم الأموات، اليتيم موضع شفقة من المجتمع، وهذا يؤدي إلى التساهل في تربيته مما ينعكس سلبياً على مستقبله، عناية الإسلام باليتامى؛ حيث أمر برعايتهم، والحرص على تربيتهم التربية الصالحة ليكونوا أفراداً صالحين في المجتمع. ومن أهم توصيات البحث: عمل دراسات عن الحقوق المعنوية لليتامى، إجراء مسح ميداني عن حقوق اليتيم ومدى تطبيقها على أرض الواقع.
أخلاقيات الإسلام في التعامل مع الأوبئة
Authors:   ماجستير السياسة الشرعية، المعهد العالي للقضاء، جامعة الإمام محمد بن سعود الإسلامية، المملكة العربية السعودية, هيجان عبد الرحمن
Published: November 2023

يريد الباحث من خلال هذا البحث جمع الأخلاق المترامية في أطراف الكتاب والسنة والتي تكون عند نزول الوباء والمرض بالناس، كما أنه يبحث كيفية تطبيق هذه الأخلاق على أرض الواقع، ويناقش بعض العوارض التي قد تمنع المسلم من الانقياد لهذه الأخلاق فهما وتطبيقا، وانتهج الباحث في البحث إلى عزو الآيات إلى سورها مع بيان رقم الآية، مع كون العزو في الحاشية، تخريج الأحاديث من مصادرها الأصلية، وإثبات الكتاب والباب والجزء والصفحة ورقم الصفحة، نسبة الأقوال إلى قائليها، التركيز على موضوع البحث وتجنب الاستطراد. وقد خلص إلى نتائج وهي: أخلاقيات التعامل مع الأوبئة في الإسلام هي: (القواعد والمبادئ التي يعمل بها المسلم عند نزول الوباء باختلاف أنواعه)، أن أعظم سبب لرفع البلاء والبلاء هو التضرع والدعاء، أن حسن الظن بالله سبب لرفع الوباء، وسبب لراحة البال لاسيما وقت الشدائد، الصبر والتجلد في زمن الوباء من صفات الأنبياء والمؤمنين، العزل والحجر له أصل في الدين الإسلامي، العزل والحجر من أهم أسباب حصر الوباء، التنظف والتطهر من أخلاق المسلم التي تساعد على الحد من انتشار الوباء، من أخلاق المسلمين مع بعضهم التشاور في زمن الشدائد، الأناة والتثبت مطلب ديني في كل حين وفي زمن الوباء من باب أولى؛ لكيلا يرتعب الناس، لابد للمسلمين أن يتعاونوا على البر في كل حين وفي زمن الوباء أولى؛ لأن حاجتهم لبعضهم والحالة هذه تزيد، على المريض أن يتوجه للطبيب ولا يكون سببا في انتشار الأوبئة. ويوصي البحث بأهمية التقيد بإرشادات وتوجيهات الجهات الرسمية والهيئات الطبية لأنها الأكثر معرفة ودراية بتفاصيل الأمراض وآثارها وذلك في كل بلد، والتكافل مهم بين بني الإنسان للتغلب على هذه الأوبئة الخطيرة كفانا الله إياها.
Determination of Anthocyanin Content of Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomea batatas L) Extract Using the Differential pH Method
Authors: Rahmah Kurnia Ramdan Siti , Lestari Resi
Published: November 2023

Purple sweet potato (Ipomea batatas L) is a type of tuber that has many benefits in the food and health .he purple color in sweet potatoes is caused by the presence of anthocyanin purple pigments that spread from the skin to the tuber flesh. The content of sweet potato anthocyanins depends on the intensity of the color of the tubers. The purple the color of the tubers, the higher the anthocyanin content. Anthocyanins have various health benefits, namely as antioxidants, anti diabetic and other benefits, namely as natural dyes.This study aims to determine the levels of anthocyanins in purple sweet potato extract by using Differential pH method. From the research results, it can be concluded that the anthocyanin content of purple sweet potato (Ipomea Batatas L) is 4.26 mg/liter.
CLIMATE RISK OF SHALLOW TOURISTIC LAKES: A CASE STUDY OF LAKE VELENCE (HUNGARY)
Authors: Boromisza Zsombor , Harea Olga
Published: November 2023

The European shallow lakes used primarily for tourism are subjected to a large amount of environmental pressure, and climate change is adding new problems and aspects to them: a complex analysis of processes and connections is necessary to make appropriate decisions and strategies. In this reseach research, using literature review and precedent analysis, it has been reviewed the climate risk of a Central European lake, as well as the natural conditions and landscape change processes determining its sensitivity. It was analysed the ecological and economic effects of the record low water levels of 2021-22, focusing on processes. It was determined which of the current land uses can be considered risky or sensitive in terms of climate change. It was found that natural processes are uniformly leading towards pre-regulation character, low water levels facilitating the regeneration of flora and fauna. However, the dominant land use is dependent on artificially elevated water levels, and therefore serious economic problems have arisen. Beaches, bathing, and angling tourism are the most vulnerable to climate change.
INFLUENCE OF THE HEATING AGENT TEMPERATURE ON THE KINETICS OF THE CONVECTIVE DRYING PROCESS AND THE CONTENT OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN APPLE POMACE
Authors: Ceșko Tatiana , Dicusar Galina , Sturza Rodica , Ghendov-Moșanu Aliona
Published: November 2023

An environmentally ecological approach to the reuse of agro-industrial products in the food industry involves extracting biologically active substances or using them as supplementary products rich in dietary fibers. Apple pomace obtained after juice extraction presents a product rich in biologically active substances, soluble and insoluble fibers, organic acids, and minerals. Convective drying of apple pomace is an alternative method for long-term preservation by maintaining the biologically active substances. The research aimed to study the influence of temperature in the range of 60-80 °C on the drying of apple pomace to a final moisture content of 12.0±0.13% using the convective method, and the effect of temperature on the yield of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in Gold Delicious apple pomace. Changing the air temperature during convective drying from 60 to 80 °C reduced the drying time by 1.6 times and demonstrated a 1.4-fold increase in drying rate. The increase in the thermal agent's temperature led to an increase in the kinetic characteristic values; KI values increased by 4%, and KII values increased by 44%. Spectrophotometric analysis demonstrated that apple pomace dried at a temperature of 70 °C had the highest total content of polyphenols, tannins, and carotenoids. Thus, the convective drying method of apple pomace in the temperature range of 60-80 °C exerts a significant influence on the composition of biologically active compounds in the apple pomace composition.
Canine Toxoplasma Gondii and Distemper Virus Co-Infection in a Dog with Neuro-ophthalmologic Signs from Córdoba, Argentina
Authors:   Catholic University of Cordoba. Av. Armada Argentina 3555 (X5016DHK), Cordoba, Argentina, Faya Marcela
Published: November 2023

Toxoplasmosis is caused by the globally distributed parasitic intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii (phylum Apicomplexa, family Sarcocystidae). Domestic cats and other felids are the definitive hosts.
The Moves of Civil Rights: Examining the 1957 Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom
Authors: Miller Elizabeth Ellis
Published: November 2023

The catalog of the major marches held during the movement for Black freedom typically focuses on events of the 1960s: the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, the 1965 March across the Pettus Bridge in Selma, Alabama, or James Meredith’s 1966 March against Fear. While the largest and best-remembered civil rights marches did indeed occur in the 1960s, the first national march of the movement took place in 1957 at an event held on the National Mall in Washington, DC: the Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom. To craft this demonstration, leaders invited activists to take up social, geographic, and spiritual movements, movements that relied on memory and prayer. This article analyzes the event through these three dimensions of movement and rethinks the significance of the Prayer Pilgrimage for rhetorical histories of civil rights and the march as protest tactic.
How to Live Well: Mimetic Ethics and Civic Education in Graeco-Roman Antiquity and Early Christianity
Authors: Bennema Cornelis
Published: November 2023

Mimesis played a crucial role in moral and civic education in Graeco-Roman antiquity. From classical Greek drama to Aristotle to the Graeco-Roman rhetorical traditions, mimetic ethics focuses on how personal example and imitation shaped people’s behaviour and character. Extended contact with the Graeco-Roman traditions led early Christianity to adopt the concept of mimesis in the overlapping spheres of family and education. Discipleship and citizenship intersect in that Christians are called to be good disciples or ‘citizens’ in God’s society. This study explores the Johannine, Pauline, and Petrine traditions and proposes that the mechanism of personal example and imitation regulates the ethical–political life of early Christians and instructs them to live well in both the church and society.
Pharmacological Concept of Dravyaguna according to Actions
Authors:   Department of Dravyaguna, Naiminath Ayurvedic Medical College and Research Centre, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India, RAJ Rajesh Kumar Verma
Published: November 2023

Ayurveda is ancient medical holistic science and its concepts deals with the overall health and management of disease related to health. During the management of disease number of formulations are mentioned which helps to overcome the disease. Many plants and their formulations are mentioned in Ayurvedic texts .Their mode of action, formulation and dosage is also being explained. The special branch of Ayurveda which deals with the general principles related to the Ayurveda pharmacognosy and pharmacology is called as Dravayaguna. Namajnana, Rupajnana, Gunajnana, and Yuktijnana are only a few of the components that make up Dravyaguna Vigyan. The Dravyaguna Vigyan in Ayurveda is a platform where we may understand the qualities of Dravya (medicines) comprehensively. If we take the word "Dravya Guna" at its literal definition, dravaya means material or objects, and "Guna" implies property, relates Dravyaguna Vigyan Rasa, Guna, Virya, Vipak, and Prabhav are considered while examining the pharmacological effects of medications. Rasa, Guna, Virya, Vipak, and Prabhav are said to be intrinsic qualities of medications in Ayurveda, and they merely serve to enhance the drug's therapeutic effects. Therefore, I am offering this study about the fundamental idea of Dravyaguna and how its qualities contribute to pharmacological activities.
To What Extent Do Hybrid Start-ups Strive for Different Impact? Insights from Explorative Case Studies
Authors:   Borderstep Institute for Innovation and Sustainability, 14169 Berlin, Germany, Trautwein Constanze
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this article is to advance the sustainable entrepreneurship research context by establishing an in-depth understanding of the aspired successes and related sustainability results of hybrid and non-hybrid start-ups against the background of a multi-level perspective. The insights are generated through an explorative multiple-case-study approach including twelve German start-up companies both hybrid start-ups and non-hybrid start-ups. There is limited research that conceptualizes aspired successes applying a multi-level view to the firm level of start-ups. This article provides comprehensive insights into different success and result categories of sustainable entrepreneurship and provides both future research as well as practitioners with a clear directive of how to navigate in the hybrid start-up context. Finally, the discussed differences and similarities between hybrid start-ups and non-hybrid start-ups draw a clearer though differentiated line between these two archetypes of start-ups.
Is camel’s urine friend or enemy? Review of its role in human health or diseases
Authors: Tharwat Mohamed , Almundarij Tariq , Sadan Madeh , Khorshid Faten , Swelum Ayman
Published: November 2023

Camels play important role in the pastoral mode of life by fulfilling basic demands of livelihood. Various pathologies, such as, tuberculosis, hemorrhoids, ascites, increase size of the of the abdomen, gas colic, anemia, and abdominal tumors were treated with animal’s urine, including camels, horses, donkeys, sheep, goats, elephants, and buffalo. Thirty different compounds were analyzed in camel urine by gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS). For inductively coupled plasma (ICP) – mass spectrometry (MS) analysis 28 important elements were analyzed in urine of both camel and bovine. It was found that, the inorganic elements are almost similar except sodium, potassium, iron, zinc and magnesium are higher in levels in camel urine while chromium is high in bovine urine. Camel urine contains also different nanoparticles, crystals and nano-rods with varying shapes and sizes which offer potent selective cytotoxic activity against several lines of cancer cells. It is believed that the camel’s urine has therapeutic effect for a wide range of diseases such as chill, fever, or even tumors; therefore, it has been consumed in the Arabian Peninsula for long time. Usually, Patients take it directly or by mixing few drops with camel milk. The camel urine is used also for therapeutic purposes most widely in Asia, Africa, United States, United Kingdom and other European countries. The religious aspect of using camel urine in treatment comes from the fact that there has been convincing evidence that the Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) suggested use of camel urine to treat his companions who were suffering from abdominal pains at that time. The camel’s urine has anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal properties. It has also hepato-protective and cardiovascular effects.
Molecular detection of Spirochetes and Borrelia burgdorferi in stray dogs of Nineveh province, Iraq
Authors: Ajaj Eva , Jumaa Zahraa
Published: November 2023

Background:
Borrelia burgdorferi is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes Lyme disease or borreliosis in domestic and wild animals including dogs, with the possible transmission to humans.
Aim:
This study was conducted to investigate the infection rate of Spirochetes and B. burgdorferi in stray dogs in Nineveh province, Iraq.
Methods:
During the period from May to October (2022), a total of 55 stray dogs were selected randomly from different areas in Nineveh province, Iraq. Blood samples were collected from cephalic venous and tested molecularly using the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.
Results:
The present study revealed that the total infection rates of Spirochetes and B. burgdorferi were 41.82% and 27.27%, respectively. Concerning age, values of infection rate, Odds ratio, and relative risk of B. burgdorferi were increased significantly in dogs aged  4 months (42.86%, 3.505 and 2.438, respectively) while decreased in dogs of  1-3 (12.5%, 0.337 and 0.42, respectively) and  3 (13.33%, 0.32 and 0.409) years old when compared to dogs aged 5-12 months (27.27%, 1 and 1, respectively). While concerning dogs sex, a significantly higher infection rate, Odds ratio and relative risk of B. burgdorferi were shown in females (32.56%, 5.495 and 6.792, respectively) compared to males (8.33%, 0.182 and 0.147, respectively).
Conclusion:
To our knowledge, this represents the first Iraqi study on the prevalence of spirochetes, in particular B. burgdorferi, in stray dogs in Nineveh province (Iraq). However, additional studies of B. burgdorferi infection in other animals as well as vectors such as ticks in different geographic areas appear necessary to detect variation in the distribution patterns of infection. In addition, owners and veterinarians should be aware of zoonotic diseases transmitted from wild and domestic animals, in particular those with tick-bite histories.
Subjective and objective observation of Tilapia skin as auto skin graft dressing in cats
Authors: Erwin Erwin , Etriwati Etriwati , Sugito Sugito , Satria Hadi
Published: November 2023

Background:
The recovery of auto skin graft is a dynamic and complex process which requires suitable environment for vascularization as nutrition delivery to cells and donor skin reception.
Aims:
This research aimed to determine the effect of Tilapia skin dressing on the recovery of auto skin graft treatment on domestic cats through subjective and objective observation.
Methods:
Six male Indonesian local cats aged 1-2 years old weighing 3-4 kg were separated into two groups. Surgical procedure was performed in sterile and aseptic environment. First surgery created wound defect on forelimb area 2 x 2 cm in size to whole groups. The wounds were left for four days and then treated with the following treatments; Group I (G-I) was treated by Tilapia skin dressing and group II (G-II) was treated by moist dressing Sofra-tulle®. The dressing of the two groups were replaced every 3 days and evaluated subjectively and objectively.
Results:
Subjective observation showed that skin was reddish (day 3), bleeding test showed bleeding immediately occurred after incision, and pain response was observed in day 6 post surgery on both treatment groups showed significant different with 95% confidence level (P<0.05). Objective observation in the form of NaCl 0,9% absorption and medicine effect on auto skin graft did not show significant difference between the two treatment groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion:
Auto skin graft treatment by moist dressing showed better healing, but Tilapia skin dressing can be an alternative choice during auto skin graft treatment.