bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Encruzilhadas da Justiça no Estado Novo (1937-1945)
Authors: Rosenfield Luis
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo analisa as tentativas de transformação do Poder Judiciário e do ordenamento jurídico durante o Estado Novo. Partindo dos pressupostos da história intelectual, busca-se apresentar os principais debates que permeiam a doutrina jurídica entre 1937-1945. O fio condutor está centrado no estudo das obras dos juristas alinhados ao regime de Vargas, apresentando os seus posicionamentos públicos sobre questões que envolvem a administração da Justiça. São abordados os seguintes temas: a questão da independência e da autonomia da magistratura, o papel do Supremo Tribunal Federal no sistema político, os limites do controle de constitucionalidade, a reformulação da hermenêutica jurídica e a relação entre Poder Judiciário e Poder Executivo. Assim, é apresentado um mapa dos debates que tiveram lugar na Era Vargas no que se refere aos esforços de controle e dominação da Justiça no constitucionalismo autoritário então reinante.
Medida Provisória 959/2020
Authors: Bernardi Bidinotto Vanessa de Oliveira
Published: June 2020

Este ensaio tem como objetivo principal estudar a medida provisória 959/2020 proposta pelo presidente Jair Bolsonaro, analisar as condições que devem ser cumpridas para que ela passe a integrar permanentemente o ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, bem como suas consequências. Para tanto, serão estudadas as motivações por trás da Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD) e as propostas de lei que preveem a prorrogação da entrada em vigor da legislação. Por fim, será estudada a medida provisória e as condições legalmente previstas para sua inclusão na legislação brasileira.
Lei 13.979/2020
Authors: Lisbôa Alves Cândice
Published: June 2020

Trata-se de comentário quanto a Lei 13.979, de 06 de fevereiro de 2020, que estabeleceu a política de distanciamento e isolamento social, tendo como ponto chave a contradição atinente a atos do Chefe do Poder Executivo no sentido contrário, ou seja, que incentivavam a quebra da política pública de saúde estabelecida. A distorção é tamanha que atualmente há várias ações judiciais que tentam conter atos do Chefe do Poder Executivo da União, destacando-se no texto a ADPF de n. 669, que corre junto ao Supremo Tribunal Federal, e já contém liminar barrando propaganda que veiculava a campanha “O Brasil não pode parar”.
Nota da Editora
Authors: Cardoso Squeff Tatiana de A. F. R.
Published: June 2020

Apresenta a edição n. 1 do vol. 48 da Revista da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, ressaltando que os textos dessa edição buscam promover o (re)pensar da ciência sociojurídica no âmbito dos direitos e garantias fundamentais, especialmente quando a nova contemporaneidade introduzida pela pandemia de Covid-19, como aduz Boaventura de Sousa Santos, impõe a necessidade de reformular a forma em que o homem se relaciona com os demais e com o seu entorno.
The Digital Reconstruction of Leonardo’s Library
Authors: Cirnigliaro Giuditta
Published: June 2020

The present article combines an individual, object-based approach with digital technologies with the aim to define the relation of verbal and visual inscriptions in Leonardo da Vinci’s technical-scientific and literary-artistic works. By conducting a comparative analysis of Leonardo’s folios featuring fables, emblems, and engineering projects,I identify the archetypes of this interaction in the books contained in his personal library and examine the convergence of his use of empirical, diagrammatic, and pictorial strategies toward the investigation of nature. The material component of this study consists in a series of analytical drawing tables which examine recurrent patterns, and textual and visual connections in Leonardo’s manuscripts. The identified patterns are subsequently cataloged and examined through the web-publishing platform “LILeo” created in collaboration with the Rutgers Digital Humanities Laboratory as part of my dissertation project. By digitally highlighting the interaction of elements on the space of the page, and enabling the layering of drafts belonging to similar projects in Leonardo’s works and sources, this study traces the formal patterns of the artist’s analytical thinkingin order to uncover the origins of his interdisciplinary research.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN FITOKIMIA PADA BERBAGAI JENIS MAKROALGA DI PANTAI JUNGWOK, KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL, YOGYAKARTA (Analysis of Phytochemical Contents in Various Types of Macroalgae at Jungwok Beach, Gunungkidul District, Yogyakarta)
Authors: Setyorini Heny Budi , Maria Ernastin
Published: June 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan fitokimia pada berbagai jenis makroalga di Pantai Jungwok, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Pantai Jungwok, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. Materi penelitian ini adalah makroalga (Ulva sp., Gracillaria sp., dan Boergesenia sp). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel makroalga menggunakan purposive sampling. Lokasi pengambilan sampel makroalga berada di bagian timur, tengah dan barat Pantai Jungwok. Analisis skrining fitokimia dilakukan dengan uji kualitatif. Analisis skrining alkaloid menggunakan metode Culvenor Fitzgerald, sedangkan untuk steroid dan terpenoid menggunakan metode Liebermann-Buchard Test, pada fraksi air yang terbentuk dilanjutkan dengan uji flavonoid, fenolik dan safonin. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sampel segar makroalga jenis Gracilaria sp., yang berada di bagian tengah Pantai Jungwok paling banyak mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti alkaloid, terpenoid dan flavonoid. The objective of this research was to identify the content of phytochemical in various types of macroalgae at Jungwok Beach, Gunungkidul District, Yogyakarta. This research was conducted at Jungwok Beach, Gunungkidul District, Yogyakarta. The material of this research were macroalgae (Ulva sp., Gracillaria sp., and Boergesenia sp.). This method of research used survey with a qualitative approach. The technique of collecting data was done through purposive sampling. The macroalgae samples were collected from the eastern, central and western part of Jungwok Beach. The phytochemical tests were carried out using qualitative test. Alkaloid screening analysis using the Culvenor Fitzgerald method, while for steroids and terpenoids using the Liberman Buchard Test method, the formed water fraction is followed by flavonoid, phenolic and safonin tests. The results showed that fresh sample of the macroalgae type Gracilaria sp., which is located in the middle of Jungwok Beach, contains the most bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, terpenoids and flavonoids.
RESPON PERTUMBUHAN IKAN BAWAL (Colossoma macropomum) YANG DIBERI PAKAN TEPUNG LEMNA (Lemna minor) HASIL FERMENTASI (Growth Respons Of Pomfret Fish (Colossoma macropomum) Fed by Fermented Lemna (Lemna minor) Powder)
Authors: Mose Numisye Iske , Manganang Yessi Ayu Putri
Published: June 2020

Dalam pemanfaatan Lemna minor sebagai bahan baku pakan ikan terkendala dengan nilai kasarnya yang tinggi sehingga menghambat pencernaan dan penyerapan nutrisi dalam saluran pencernaan ikan. Teknologi tepat guna yang dapat mengatasi masalah tersebut adalah fermentasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan tepung lemna fermentasi terhadap pertumbuhan dan rasio konversi pakan ikan bawal. Ikan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah ikan bawal berukuran 3-5 cm dipelihara selama 35 hari dan diberikan pakan secara at satiation sebanyak dua kali sehari. Perlakuan lemna fermentasi diberikan pada 4 dosis yaitu (0, 10, 20, 30)%/kg pakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan lemna fermentasi 20% dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan ikan bawal, namun  pada penambahan lemna fermentasi 30% pertumbuhan ikan bawal cenderung turun. Kesimpulan yang ditarik dari penelitian ini adalah dosis lemna fermentasi 20% merupakan dosis terbaik secara deskriptif dengan nilai laju pertumbuhan spesifik 3,7%/hari, rasio konversi pakan 19,14 dan sintasan hidup 100%. Using Lemna minor as fish feed ingredients constrained by its crude fiber which inhibits the digestive and absorption abilities in the fish digestive systems. The appropriate technology that could overcome this problem is fermentation. The aim of this study was to evaluate fermented lemna supplemented in artificial feed on the growth rate and conversion feed ratio of pomfret fish. Experimental fish used was pomfret fish at the initial size of 3-5 cm and was reared for 35 days and fish were fed twice a day at satiation. The study consists of four dosage (0,10,20,30)%/kg of artificial feed. The results of this study indicates a supplementation of fermented lemna 20% could increase growth performances of pomfret fish although on supplementation of fermented lemna 30% growth performances had a lower growth. The conclusions are supplementation fermented lemna 20% is the best descriptive dosage with a growth specific rate 3,7%/days, feed conversion ratio 19,14 and survival rate 100% of pomfret fish..
Exploitation status of Lobster on Kebumen Waters
Authors: Saputra Suradi Wijaya
Published: June 2020

The research of the exploitasion status of Lobster (Panullirus sp) was held on Kebumen waters Central Java. The objective research were to analysis of exploitation level and fishing season.of lobster. Samples was collected from August to September 2008, using survey methods. The study area were three TPI : TPI Pasir, TPI Argopeni and TPI Karangduwur. The results showed that Lobster caught occurred through the year, with fishing season from November to February, and peak season on December. Base on carapace length and weigh of Lobster, show that level of exploitation was indicated over-exploitation.Key word : Lobster, exploitation status, Kebumen waters
Imitation Bait Colour of Skipjack Pole and Line
Authors: Puspito Gondo
Published: June 2020

A serial experimental fishing using skipjack pole and line had been carried out for 14 days from July to October 2007 in Banda Sea. The aim was to obtain the most productive colour of imitation bait to catch skipjack. The research tested three colours of imitation bait those were  red, silver and green. Result showed that the silver colour of imitation bait caught more skipjack than those two other colours. Its hook rate was 0.67 fish/minute, followed by red and green with hook rate of  0,58 fish/minute and 0.47 fish/minute.   Key Words: Imitation Bait, Life Bait, Pole and Line, Skipjack.
Some Efforts to Improve Business Performance Improvement Through Fishery Business Environment in Cantrang (Boat Seine) and Local Government Policies in The District Rembang
Authors: Kusumawati Peny
Published: June 2020

Fishing effort is one of economic activities so that in running its activities are always based on economic considerations for businesses that run to generate profits. Fishing effort has not been able to contribution a larger potion to develop Central Java economy. This is because the factors that affect fishing effort. Therefore, the government should take steps to of improve economic development, especially in the field of fisheries. The purpose of this study is to determine the environmental impact of fishing effort to the performance of fisheries, fishery business environment, and government policies on the performance of the fishery business in district Rembang. The research was conducted in Rembang in April - May 2008. The method used is descriptive by counducting survey. Primary sources of data the fishermen community. The method to determine the respondents by using purposive sampling method. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the presentation of data displayed in a frequency distribution table. To test the hypothesis proposed in this research by using, data analysis technique SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) which is operated using the program AMOS 6. The results of research shows the significance level of 5% positive effect on the business environment business performance with the calculated value of t (4.468)> | 1.96 |. By lookong at, the business environment variables fisheries, fishery performance cantrang can increase the business environment has positive influence on local government policy variables with t-count value (7.017)> | 1.96 |. Government policy is able to increase fishing effort. Capital with low interest rates is able to help fishermen catch fish in running the business. Local government policy has positive influence on business performance variables in thecapture fisheries with t-count (2.311)> | 1.96 |. Capital with low interest rates can increase the performance of the fishery business in the distric of Rembang. In conclusion the fishermen to obtain capital to improve fishing business.   Key Wards : Business Environment, Performance, Government Policies
Zooxanthellae Life Model and Massalization Growth in the Artificial Environment Waters
Authors: Purnomo Pujiono Wahyu
Published: June 2020

Zooxanthellae are part of the phototropic dinoflagellates. This organism  always live as symbiotically with several marine invertebrates. Relationship between zooxanthellae and coral are mutualistic with the transfer nutritif and phisiologis character. With this character, no coral can live without zooxanthellae. Zooxanthellae have vital control on the coral and sessile life. Model of relationship between zooxanthellae and coral are adopted in the artificial environment for take the massalization culture zooxanthellae in the artificial environment. This study was purposed to : (a) Evaluating of environment limiting factors to support optimum growth of zooxanthellae in the artificial environment; (b) Evaluating of purification culture of zooxanthellae and (c) Formulating nutritif to maintenance of maximum gorwth of zooxanthellae. The experiment took place in Natural food and Genetic laboratory of Main Centre of Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Jepara from August 2004 to September 2005. The result showed that: (a) The optimum irradiance for growth of zooxanthellae is green radiance (with comparison 490 - 550 nm); (b) The optimum temperature for growth of zooxanthellae are 20 – 25oC and (c) Adding of 200 µM NaNO3 with repeat again for 16 days,   Key Words: Zooxanthellae, Life Model,Massalization Growth
Gelatin Application of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Bone to The Quality of The Jelly Candy
Authors: Maryani Maryani , Surti Titi , Ibrahim Ratna
Published: June 2020

The characteristic of a jelly candy is sweet in taste and has elastic texture. The elastic texture due to gelling agent addition such as carrageenan, sea weed, gum arabic, and gelatin. The Utilization of nile tilapia bone as the source of gelatin product is away to prevent gelatin that is not halal. The aim of the research was to know the concentration of nile tilapia bone gelatin which produced the best quality of jelly candies based on physical chemical characteristic as well as the member of Escherichia coli and hedonic value. The experiment was designed using a Completely Randomized Design with 3 treatments (9%, 10%, 11%) of nile tilapia bone gelatin concentrations. Each treatment was done in triplicate. Data of elasticity, moisture content, water activity, pH, sugar contents were analyzed with Analysis of Varians (ANOVA). A Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test was conducted to find out the difference among the treatments. The data of hedonic quality was analyzed by a Kruskall Wallis test and continued by a Multiple Comparison. The result showed that the addition of 10% nile tilapia bone gelatin produced the best quality product which had the elasticity (14.20 Newton); moisture content (17.06%); Aw 0.785; pH 4.78; sugar content (48.23%); hedonic (8.13) and the product did not content Escherichia coli bacteria. Key Words : Jelly Candy, Nile Tilapia Bone Gelatin, Quality
The Development Opportunity of Catch Fishery in The Province of Southern Sumatera
Authors: Septifitri Septifitri
Published: June 2020

South Sumatera province since 2000, began managing the fishery resources separately with the Province of Bangka Belitung. Bangka Belitung contribution in the fisheries sector of the South Sumatera province in 1999 by 72 %. Based on these conditions, then do research on fisheries development opportunities in the surrounding waters of South Sumatera. This research was conducted in February 2006 until July 2006 in two Regency namely Komiring Ogan Ilir and Banyuasin Regency.  The results showed that the leading commodities in the province of South Sumatera is shrimp, crab, marine catfish (Arius thalassinus), and wolf herring (Chirosentrus dorab). This leading commodities still have a great opportunity to be developed for their utilization rates still ranged between 58,42% – 66,77% Fishing gear priority based on the analysis of MCA (multy Critical Analysis) with considering the biological aspects, technical, social and economic is trammelnet, drift gillnet and Stationary-bamboo lift net.   Key Words: Development, Capture Fisheries , South Sumatera province
JENIS RUANG PUBLIK DI KAMPUNG KOTA DAN SENSE OF COMMUNITY WARGANYA (KASUS: KAMPUNG KALI APURAN, JAKARTA BARAT)
Authors: Noviantri Rika Ulfa , Wiranegara Hanny Wahidin , Supriatna Yayat
Published: June 2020

Kampung kota adalah permukiman tradisional yang tidak terencana dengan kompleksitas permasalahannya seperti kota. Kampung kota Kali Apuran di Jakarta Barat yang padat dan tidak teratur, serta secara sosial dihuni penduduk yang heterogen maka sense of community merupakan hal penting. Ruang publik adalah elemen yang dapat memfasilitasi tumbuhnya sense of community. Terdapat macam-macam ruang publik di kampung kota yang dimanfaatkan penghuni sebagai tempat aktivitas dan interaksi antarwarga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat sense of community warga kampung kota Kali Apuran pada berbagai jenis ruang publik yang ada di dalamnya. Metode penelitian menggunakan survey angket, yang diambil secara acak. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa berbagai jenis ruang publik di Kampung Kali Apuran memiliki tingkat sense of community yang sama, yakni pada tingkat sedang. Artinya bahwa semua jenis ruang publik memfasilitasi sense of community. Adapun persentasenya berturut-turut menurut responden adalah sebagai berikut: tepi sungai (74,1%), jalan kecil/gang depan rumah (53,7%), halaman sekolah (50%) dan halaman masjid (40%). Hasil tersebut menunjukkan pentingnya kehadiran ruang publik di kampung kota. Agar terjadi peningkatan sense of community diperlukan rekayasa sosial berupa peraturan bersama tentang pemanfaatan berbagai ruang publik yang ada di kampung kota. Dalam hal ini dibutuhkan kepemimpinan lokal yang kuat agar pemanfaatan ruang publik tidak mengarah pada arah yang sebaliknya.
Herbal remedies as alternative to conventional therapies for the treatment of pediatric infectious diseases
Authors: Salehi Bahare , Heravi Reza Entezari , Eydian Zahra , Stojanovic-Radic Zorica , Martorell Miquel , Iriti Marcello , Sharifi-Rad Javad
Published: June 2020

Pediatric infections still represent a leading cause of mortality in many developing countries. Since ancient times, traditional healing systems provided some herbal remedies to treat pediatric diseases, only in some cases validated by an evidence-based approach. Therefore, this review covers the herbal remedies in Iranian traditional medicine and aims to assess the potential of phytotherapeutics as safe and effective alternatives to conventional therapies for the treatment of pediatric infectious diseases. Notably, pediatric patients may also benefit from adjuvant therapy, i.e., combined treatment with herbal remedies and conventional therapies, to improve the efficacy of conventional drugs, decrease their adverse effects at the cell-tissue-organ-organism level and reduce the occurrence of microbial strains resistant to antibiotics. Therefore, traditional healing systems still represent an unlimited source of active ingredients to be tested in preclinical assays as well as in humans in terms of efficacy and safety.
Protected and other conserved areas: ensuring the future of forest biodiversity in a changing climate
Authors: MacKinnon K. , Richardson K. , MacKinnon J.
Published: June 2020

Biodiversity loss and climate change are two of the greatest environmental challenges of our times and are inextricably interlinked. The most significant drivers of forest and biodiversity loss are habitat loss and fragmentation due to land use changes and overexploitation. These changes
will be exacerbated by climate change with increasing land degradation and more conversion of forests to meet increasing demands for agriculture and forest resources. Protected areas are the cornerstones of biodiversity conservation. Currently terrestrial protected areas cover about 15 percent
of the world's land surface but this is inadequate to fully represent global biodiversity, with many forest ecosystems poorly represented in protected area networks. Ensuring effective biodiversity conservation post-2020 will require both expansion of formal reserve systems and recognition
and support for other effective conservation measures, under a diverse range of governance and management regimes. Expanding forest conservation efforts will not only protect biodiversity but is increasingly recognised as an efficient and cost-effective strategy to help societies to cope with
climate change and its impacts.
Broadening ambition of forest policies: the Spears legacy
Authors: Byron R. N. , Sayer J. A.
Published: June 2020

Tropical forests rose to prominence in international conservation in the late 1970s. Fifty years have now elapsed during which forest conservation has remained a subject of continuous debate and controversy. There have been multiple forest conservation initiatives and a diversity of
proposals made to define what human societies require of forests and how to sustain those requirements. The debate about tropical forests has suffered from the phenomenon of issue cycles – compelling ideas that have succeeded one another as the focus of attention – none of which
alone would make a significant difference to outcomes on the ground. Some of the issues that received attention and funding appear today quite improbable.
 John Spears played a pivotal role in the evolution of international policies and programmes throughout this 50-year period.
Spears was committed to a broad and inclusive vision for conserving and sustainably managing forests. Spears had a profound impact by building coalitions and weaving together the multiple conflicting discourses on sustainable forest management. He convened people from widely different interest
groups and made valuable contributions in bridging the silos that separated different communities.
 Activists and advocates, who often lack the deep subject area competence of Spears, are today having profound influence on forest policies and programmes. An integrated understanding
of the social, economic and ecological underpinnings of tropical systems is rare. Better future outcomes require that the pragmatism and on-the-ground experience epitomised by Spears play a greater role in guiding the improvement of global forest governance.
Making the priceless valuable: forests and ecosystem services
Authors: Jenkins M. , Salzman J. , Bennett G. , Granfors J.
Published: June 2020

Historically, forest ecosystem services have been undervalued or not valued at all, thus encouraging the destruction and conversion of our global forest estate. Fortunately, these last decades have witnessed a real shift – the active and innovative development of markets and payments
for the ecosystem values of forests and other ecosystems. Payments for Environmental Services programs are now in place around the globe. Schemes focused on forest carbon, such as the California Cap-and-Trade law, programs in China and Colombia, South Korea and Chile, coupled with new initiatives
in the aviation sector, point to steady progress toward the carbon/climate value of forests. Innovative green infrastructure initiatives around water and watersheds in Peru, Costa Rica, Australia and South Africa provide another growing stream of value for forests. And sustainable commodity
supply chains and conservation banking bring more large-scale private sector actors and new business sectors to the table. Here we provide a global status of PES around the world.
Stress and Its Impact on Academic and Social Life of Undergraduate University Students in Ghana: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Edjah Koawo , Ankomah Francis , Domey Ebenezer , Laryea John Ekow
Published: June 2020

Stress is concomitant with students’ life and can have a significant impact on their lives, and even how they go about their academic work. Globally, in every five visits by patients to the doctor, three are stress-related problems. This study examined stress and its impact on the academic and social life among students of a university in Ghana. The descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed. Using the stratified and simple random (random numbers) sampling methods, 500 regular undergraduate students were engaged in the study. A questionnaire made up of Perceived Stress Scale and Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale was used to gather data for the study. Frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviation, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), with AMOS were used for the analyses. It was found that majority of the students were moderately stressed. Paramount among the stressors were academic stressors, followed by institutional stressors, and external stressors. Stress had a significant positive impact on the academic and social life of students. It was concluded that undergraduate students, in one way or the other, go through some kind of stress during the course of their study. It was recommended that the university, through its Students’ Affairs, and Counselling Sections, continue to empower students on how to manage and deal with stress in order to enhance their academic life.
Motor Skill, Movement Competency, and Physical Fitness Assessments for Reserve Officers' Training Corps Cadets
Authors: McGuire Megan B. , Lockie Robert G.
Published: June 2020

Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) is used at high schools and universities to prepare individuals for enlistment and commission in the U.S. military. Population demographic changes have resulted in more adolescents and young adults being less active, which influences motor skill, movement, and fitness development. Because ROTC programs recruit from the general population, this could influence the training programmed by ROTC staff or strength coaches. This article presents assessment options for motor skills, movement competency, and physical fitness that could be used for ROTC cadets. Should these tests be adopted, staff can use the results to drive their training.
Building shared information infrastructure for chemical alternatives assessment
Authors: Kokai Akos , Blake Ann , Dedeo Michel , Lent Tom
Published: June 2020

The substitution of hazardous substances with safer alternatives is being driven by policy pressures and business demands. As a result, scientific techniques for chemical alternatives assessment (CAA) have been established and communities of practice are emerging. Interest in safer chemical substitution is widely shared throughout a range of stakeholder groups across science, industry, public policy, and advocacy. Yet there is an unmet need for intentionally designed public information infrastructure to support the highly knowledge-intensive nature of CAA. We report here on the process of developing the Chemical Hazard Data Commons, an experimental project intended to support a diverse community of practitioners by providing publicly accessible chemical hazard data and tools for understanding it. In an arena where market forces and regulatory regimes have largely failed to generate the necessary knowledge, this project represents a novel application of a commons-based approach emphasizing building shared intellectual and technical capacity for CAA. The Data Commons—now a part of the related Pharos Project—includes an online portal providing simultaneous access to many different sources of information and enabling effective interactions with it. Foremost among these interactions are search and retrieval of hazard information about chemical substances, uniform display of the most relevant information, and the ability to automatically screen substances against consistent and transparent hazard-based criteria. We describe the motivation for the project and report on the principles and key considerations that guided its design as a participatory information infrastructure. We present our approach to organizing chemical information; the process of community engagement and planning; and how we constructed the system to provide functional tools. We discuss the outcomes of the project and highlight important challenges—such as fostering active participation and planning for long-term governance. With this article, we hope to inform future efforts for the collaborative development of knowledge resources for chemical alternatives assessment.
Conservation and Divergence in Duplicated Fiber Coexpression Networks Accompanying Domestication of the PolyploidGossypium hirsutumL
Authors: Gallagher Joseph P , Grover Corrinne E , Hu Guanjing , Jareczek Josef J , Wendel Jonathan F
Published: June 2020

Gossypium hirsutum L. (Upland cotton) has an evolutionary history involving inter-genomic hybridization, polyploidization, and subsequent domestication. We analyzed the developmental dynamics of the cotton fiber transcriptome accompanying domestication using gene coexpression networks for both joint and homoeologous networks. Remarkably, most genes exhibited expression for at least one homoeolog, confirming previous reports of widespread gene usage in cotton fibers. Most coexpression modules comprising the joint network are preserved in each subgenomic network and are enriched for similar biological processes, showing a general preservation of network modular structure for the two co-resident genomes in the polyploid. Interestingly, only one fifth of homoeologs co-occur in the same module when separated, despite similar modular structures between the joint and homoeologous networks. These results suggest that the genome-wide divergence between homoeologous genes is sufficient to separate their co-expression profiles at the intermodular level, despite conservation of intramodular relationships within each subgenome. Most modules exhibit D-homoeolog expression bias, although specific modules do exhibit A-homoeolog bias. Comparisons between wild and domesticated coexpression networks revealed a much tighter and denser network structure in domesticated fiber, as evidenced by its fewer modules, 13-fold increase in the number of development-related module member genes, and the poor preservation of the wild network topology. These results demonstrate the amazing complexity that underlies the domestication of cotton fiber.
La inclusión de personas con discapacidad en una escuela multideportiva: Efecto de las actitudes hacia la discapacidad en niños, niñas, jóvenes, padres, madres y personal de instrucción
Authors: Víquez Ulate Fabian , Quirós Carrión Sugey , Rodríguez-Méndez Diego , Solano Mora Luis
Published: June 2020

El propósito del estudio fue observar el efecto de un programa multideportivo inclusivo sobre las actitudes de niños, niñas, jóvenes, padres, madres y personal de instrucción hacia las personas con discapacidad. Metodología: 18 niños, 4 instructores y 11 padres (n=33), pertenecientes a un programa multideportivo (EDP) de la Escuela de Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida, de la Universidad Nacional. Los actores fueron expuestos a una intervención que consistió en la participación en sesiones multideportivo, al menos 2 horas a la semana de 3 disciplinas deportivas (disciplinas individuales y de conjunto) que variaban semana a semana para un total de 6 semanas. Se les evaluó el cuestionario de “Actitudes hacia las personas con discapacidad” previo y posterior a la intervención. Los resultados fueron explorados mediante un análisis de varianza mixto3(grupo)x2(medición) con un alfa establecido en p<0.05. Resultados: Se encontró una interacción significativa en la dimensión “valoración de las capacidades y limitaciones” (VCL), F(2, 30) = 10.28, p< 0.001 y diferencias significativas en la vía mediciones en la dimensión de “clasificación genérica” (CG), F(1, 30) = 4.884, p = 0.035, mientras que en las dimensiones de “reconocimiento o negación de derechos” (RND) e “implicación personal” (IP) no se encontraron diferencias significativas (p > 0.05). Conclusiones: La inmersión de diferentes actores en un programa multideportivo inclusivo ha sido eficaz al modificar positivamente algunas dimensiones (VCL y CG) de la actitud hacia las personas con discapacidad. Otras dimensiones que requieren una mayor interacción y vínculo con este tipo de poblaciones (RND e IP) probablemente necesiten una intervención más prolongada.
İslâm Tarihinin İlk Asrında İktidar Mücadelesi
Authors: METİN Abdullah
Published: June 2020

İslâm tarihiyle ilgili muhtelif çalışmalarıyla tanınan Adnan Demircan’ın bu eseri, bir giriş, iki ana bölüm, bibliyografya ve indeksten oluşmaktadır. Yazar bu çalışmasında, İslâm tarihinde “ikinci fitne dönemi” olarak isimlendirilen zaman diliminde yaşanan siyasi olayları incelemiş, kitabın amacının bu dönemde yaşayan Hz. Hasan ve Hz. Hüseyin’in hayatları ve siyasi mücadelelerinin aydınlatılması olduğunu belirtmiştir. Yazar, Ehl-i beyt’in en önemli simalarından Hz. Hasan ve Hz. Hüseyin’in hayatlarının Sünnîler ve Şiîler için önem arz ettiğini, dolayısıyla hayatlarının “efsane duvarlarıyla örülerek tanınamaz hâle getirildiğini” belirtir.
Tinjauan Yuridis Pasal Pemidanaan bagi Pelanggar Rahasia Dagang dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2000 (Judicial Review Article Of Punishment For Violators Of Trade Secrets In The Law Number 30 Year 2000)
Authors: Tomo Akram Sri Nerendro , Burhanudin Burhanudin
Published: June 2020

Abstract.The law number 30 year 2000 about trade secret was first enacted on December 20th 2000. The main purpose of this law is to create a conducive and innovative business climate to create a national and international business competition to be conducive. The other purpose of this law is to protect the rights of the trade secret owners that has not been noticed. To protect the rights of the trade secret owner, the articles of 13 and 14 regulates the elements of violation about trade secrets and then these both articles is accommodated in article 17 abaout the criminal provisions. However, there is a problem in the Article about the punishment due to the inconsistency of the phrase which results in a double understanding of the phrase. The phrase is "Violation" which has consequences on the threat of punishment that is given a maximum imprisonment and fines based on book 3 of the Criminal Code (WvS), while in Article 17 which received a delegation of Articles 13 and 14, the threat of punishment is a maximum of 2 years in prison and fines. In addition, the problem with the ineffectiveness of this law in snaring violators is the absence of provisions on various matters. From the description above, the researcher tries to provide a researcher's perspective through a juridical review of the Criminal Code of trade secrets and also the problem of the ineffectiveness of the application of the Article.
EFFECT OF CEDAR (CEDRUS LIBANI A. RICH) TAR ON BACTERIAL GROWTH
Authors: Aysun MERCIMEK TAKCI Hatice , UCAN TURKMEN Filiz , SARI Mehmet
Published: June 2020

The main objective of this study is to research the inhibitory effect of Cedar tar produced from cedarwoods collected from Gume village of Mut, Mersin, Turkey, against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus haemolyticus using scanning electron microscopy. The inhibitory effect of cedar tar at varying concentrations (0.1-100%) was examined on bacterial growth (E. coli and S. haemolyticus) by using Kirby-Bauer agar diffusion method. Cedar tar showed a strong inhibitory activity in the range of 15-30 mm against all tested microorganisms. The MICs value of Cedar tar was 5% for E. coli and S. haemolyticus. The bacterial growth in liquid culture including 5% Cedar tar was observed by optical density and standard plate count method for 24 h. The optical density and viable cell counts in culture including Cedar tar (5%) reduced after 2 h of incubation period for all test strains. The bacterial colonies belonging to tested strains were not encountered on agar plates at the end of 10 h incubation. The cell images were not also determined in SEM micrographs of cultures with Cedar tar. Our data clearly indicated that cedar tar obtained by traditional thermal method had a strong inhibitory activity on bacterial cells.
Personalized correction of lipid metabolism in blood of inhabitants of the metropolis under high technogenic load
Authors: Martusevich Andrew K. , Karuzin Konstantin A.
Published: June 2020

Introduction: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized correction of violations of fat metabolism when using an individually prescribed vitamin and mineral complex.

Methods: The study included 313 volunteers who belong to the category of "practically healthy people" and do not have a severe chronic pathology. All participants in the study were randomly assigned to the main group (n = 197) and the comparison group (n = 116). At the first stage, the state of blood lipid metabolism was evaluated in the representatives of both formed groups, and the laboratory examination complex included: determination of the total cholesterol concentration, the concentration of low- and high-density cholesterol, and the level of triglycerides. Patients of the main group were additionally monitored for the level of blood trace elements and a wide range of biochemical parameters. Taking into account the results of the latter, the composition of the vitamin and mineral complex was individually selected for them. The duration of its daily intake for all members of the main group was 60 days. Patients in the comparison group received a placebo for a similar time period.

Result & Conclusion: The study of the effectiveness of the personalized vitamin and mineral complex allowed us to demonstrate the positive effect of daily intake (for 2 months) on the parameters of blood lipid metabolism. It was manifested in a decrease in the total concentration of cholesterol, which was mainly provided by a decrease in the level of cholesterol contained in low-density.
Induced charge and electric field in dense magnetized fermionic medium at finite temperature
Authors: Reznikov E. V. , Skalozub V. V.
Published: June 2020

The one-photon vertex in presence of strong magnetic field and finite temperature in dense medium is computed, its properties are investigated. Calculations are performed in analytical forms for two cases: at zero temperature and at high temperature. The integral form of the vertex is obtained for a general case. The tensor function is represented as the sum of Feynmanʼs one-loop diagrams. The induced charge dependence on chemical potential, temperature, and strong magnetic field is investigated in detail. The induced potential is calculated for the case of the infinite medium plate.
The effect of Bi additives on the properties of Fe-Pt films
Authors: Bashev V. F. , Kutseva N. A. , Kushnerov O. I. , Ryabtsev S. I. , Yelina O. V. , Veres O. O.
Published: June 2020

Using the modernized three-electrode ion-plasma sputtering method, homogeneous thin films of FePt and Fe (Pt/Bi) were obtained. Films were deposited on NaCl and glass-ceramic substrates. The film thickness was 120-530 nm. In this case, the calculated cooling rate reached ~ 1012–1014 K/s. The structure of the FePt and Fe (Pt/Bi) films was investigated using X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy methods. It was established that metastable phases were formed in freshly sputtered films, including a supersaturated solid solution, a nanocrystalline and amorphous phases. It was determined that the obtained metastable structures are stable when heated to 540-880 K, depending on the composition. It was established that Bi additives significantly reduce the coercive force of films in the as-sputtered state. It was shown that a heat treatment increased the coercive force up to 36 kA/m in FePt films and up to 10 kA/m in Fe (Pt/Bi) films. The composition of Fe (Pt/Bi) films with a small value of the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR ~3·10-5 K-1) was determined.
Determination of thermodynamic stability of FeB monoboride
Authors: Filonenko N. Yu. , Galdina A. N.
Published: June 2020

In this paper we investigate the phase composition and phase transformations in the Fe-B system alloys with boron content in the range of 9.0–15.0 wt.%. We use microstructural, X-ray diffraction, differential thermal and durometric analyzes to determine the physical properties of the alloys. The experimental findings show that in the as-cast alloy structure there is Fe5B3 phase in small quantities along with FeB monoboride and Fe2B boride. The Fe5B3 phase is formed as a result of the peritectic reaction L+FeB→Fe5B3 at the temperature of 1680 K. The eutectic transformation L→Fe5B3 +Fe2B occurs in the boron concentration range of 8.8–10.5 wt.%. After annealing of the Fe-B alloys at the temperature of 1473 K and cooling with the rate of 102 K/s we observe the occurring of the Fe5B3 phase. To spot an opportunity of the secondary monoboride formation in the alloys under consideration, we calculate the thermodynamic characteristics of stability of the system.
Accounting for the contribution of the first degree approximation of high-temperature expansion of thermodynamic potential of FeB iron monoboride in a Fe-B binary alloy enables us to study its thermodynamic stability. It is shown that stability decrease of FeB at 1423 K allows suggesting that at this temperature the phase transformation occurs and this fact correlates to the differential thermal analysis results.
Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: Recommendations for a Safer Practice
Authors: Cascante-Sequeira Deivi , Ruiz-Imbert Ana Cecilia , Haiter-Neto Francisco
Published: June 2020

The Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19), was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020, and registered the first case in Costa Rica on March 6, 2020, and 105 days later reported 2058 cases, with a wide age range (0-92 years). Its etiologic agent is the beta coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 with confirmed human-to-human transmission, mainly by the respiratory route. The presence of asymptomatic carriers of the virus and its transmission even without the manifestation of symptoms challenges health professionals worldwide. For this reason, assuming all patients who need dental care as possible carriers of the SARS-CoV-2 is mandatory and consequently, applying biosecurity measures with strict criteria. In the present literature review, we aim to recommend biosecurity measures to be applied during imaging examinations of dental patients due to the Coronavirus-2019 pandemic. We found that in the absence of treatment for COVID-19 disease and because of its high transmissibility, the most effective measures to prevent its spread are those allowing its containment. Therefore, the authors recommend: 1) acquiring imaging exams just in case of dental urgencies or emergencies, 2) prioritizing the use of extraoral exams, such as panoramic radiography or CBCT, under the principle of ALADAI and 3) the intraoral exams should be used just in case of a lack of extraoral imaging devices, or because of the need to solve diagnostic tasks in which they have a superior diagnostic value than those of the extraoral examinations.
The Mediator’s Toolkit: Formulating and Asking Questions for Successful Outcomes by Gerry O’Sullivan
Authors: Allport Lesley
Published: June 2020

The Mediator’s Toolkit: Formulating and Asking Questions for Successful Outcomes by Gerry O’Sullivan (New Society Publishers, 2018).
Mediators as witnesses and evidence about mediators
Authors: Allen Tony
Published: June 2020

The paper reviews the confused legal position currently in England and Wales concerning mediators as a source of evidence, analysing the cases where mediators have been called and the grounds for refusing. It suggests greater resistance by mediators to attempts to call them as witnesses and greater willingness by judges to protect mediators from being called unnecessarily, questions what truly is ‘in the interests of justice’ in such decisions, and suggests considering such matters in private hearings first.
Conceptualising the mediator as ‘follower’ instead of ‘leader’
Authors: Seaman Roger
Published: June 2020

Mediation is a term used to cover a wide and diverse range of practices by which third parties intervene to help others resolve their conflicts. This paper delineates a style of intervention in which the mediator is relatively passive and mostly seeks to follow the parties’ conversation. This follower style is set within a wider spectrum of practice in which mediators, to a lesser or greater extent, manage and lead the parties in their discussions. Resting upon an understanding of the social construction of identity, this paper argues that by predominantly ‘following’ the parties, a conversational space may be opened up, thereby increasing scope for the parties to enter into an exploratory dialogue about their conflict to find their own, robust solutions.
Taxonomic Composition and Structure of Mycobiota in Olkhovsky District of Volgograd Region
Authors: Kuragina Nadezhda , Krakhmaleva Alexandra
Published: June 2020

The article describes the results of studying mycobiota in Olkhovsky district located in the Central part of Volgograd region. The standard protocol included methods of collecting, photographing in natural and laboratory conditions. To identify the material Mikmed-5 binocular microscope, Levenhuk C510 NG camera and a standard set of reagents (alkali solution, Melzer reagent) were used in the laboratory of Experimental biology of Volgograd State University. The works of Russian and foreign mycologists such as M.A. Bondartsev, V.M. Kotkov, L.G. Perevedentseva, T. Niemelä, L. Ryvarden became a base for determining fungi. The specimens were cut in half before drying and dried at a temperature of 38° C. Dried samples placed in paper envelopes are stored in the Mycological herbarium of Volgograd State University. Freezing of aphyllophoroid fungi for a month was a necessary procedure before placing it in a mycological herbarium. As a result of preliminary studies from September to November 2019, we identify nine species of basidiomycetes such as Bovistella utriformis (Bull.) Demoulin et Rebriev, Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr., Lepista personata (Fr.) Cooke, Marasmius oreades (Bolton) Fr., Phellinus igniarius (L.) Quél., Pholiota populnea (Pers.) Kuyper et Tjall.- Beuk., Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm., Saproamanita vittadinii (Moretti) Redhead, Vizzini, Drehmel et Contu, and Schizophyllum commune Fr. The article presents an annotated list of fungi with the indication of data on the location, substrate, frequency of occurrence and the name of the collector, if the collection was not carried out by the authors, for each type. Species names were accepted according to CABI “Index Fungorum” international electronic database (www.indexfungorum.org) as of December 2019. The trophic analysis of the composition of macromycetes shows that the largest number of species was found on dead branches and trunks, as well as live weakened trees of Fraxinus lanceolata Borkh., Populus nigra L., Salix alba L. This study of mycobiota in Olkhovsky district will be continued.