bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological Characters of Oliceridine, a μ-Opioid Receptor G-Protein–Biased Ligand in Mice
Authors: Liang De-Yong , Li Wen-Wu , Nwaneshiudu Chinwe , Irvine Karen-Amanda , Clark J. David
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND:

A major advancement in the field of analgesic pharmacology has been the development of G-protein–biased opioid agonists that display less respiratory depression than conventional drugs. It is uncertain, however, whether these new drugs cause less tolerance, hyperalgesia, and other maladaptations when administered repeatedly.

METHODS:

The archetypical µ-opioid receptor agonist morphine and, separately, the G-protein–biased µ-opioid receptor agonist oliceridine were administered to mice. These drugs were used in models of acute analgesia, analgesic tolerance, opioid-induced hyperalgesia, reward, and physical dependence. In addition, morphine and oliceridine were administered for 7 days after tibia fracture and pinning; mechanical allodynia and gait were followed for 3 weeks. Finally, the expression of toll-like receptor-4 and nacht domain-, leucine-rich repeat-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NALP3) and interleukin-1β mRNA were quantified in spinal tissue to measure surgical and drug effects on glia-related gene expression.

RESULTS:

We observed using the tail flick assay that oliceridine was a 4-fold more potent analgesic than morphine, but that oliceridine treatment caused less tolerance and opioid-induced hyperalgesia than morphine after 4 days of ascending-dose administration. Using similar analgesic doses, morphine caused reward behavior in the conditioned place preference assay while oliceridine did not. Physical dependence was, however, similar for the 2 drugs. Likewise, morphine appeared to more significantly impair the recovery of nociceptive sensitization and gait after tibial fracture and pinning than oliceridine. Furthermore, spinal cord toll-like receptor-4 levels 3 weeks after fracture were higher in fracture mice given morphine than those given oliceridine.

CONCLUSIONS:

Aside from reduced respiratory depression, G-protein–biased agonists such as oliceridine may reduce opioid maladaptations and enhance the quality of surgical recovery.
Influence of Nasal Tip Lifting on the Incidence of the Tracheal Tube Pathway Passing Through the Nostril During Nasotracheal Intubation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kim Hyerim , Lee Jung-Man , Lee Jiwon , Hwang Jin-Young , Chang Jee-Eun , No Hyun-Joung , Won Dongwook , Choi Seungeun , Min Seong-Won
Published: July 2018

BACKGROUND:

For safe nasotracheal intubation without middle turbinate injury, the tracheal tube should pass through the lower pathway, which is beneath the inferior turbinate and immediately above the nasal floor of the nostril. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of nasal tip lifting on the incidence of passing preformed nasal Ring-Adair-Elwyn (RAE) tubes through the lower pathway during nasotracheal intubation.

METHODS:

Patients were randomly assigned to a “nasal tip lifting group” or a “neutral group.” For patients in the nasal tip lifting group, an investigator pulled the nasal tip in a cephalad direction when inserting a preformed nasal RAE tube into the nostril after induction of anesthesia. For patients in the neutral group, a tube was inserted with the nasal tip in a neutral position. The pathway by which the tube passed in each patient was identified using a fiberscope. The incidence of the tube passing through the lower pathway was compared between the 2 groups. The incidence of epistaxis was also evaluated.

RESULTS:

Eighty-six patients were enrolled and completed the study protocol. The incidence of the tracheal tube passing through the lower pathway was significantly higher in the nasal tip lifting group (79.1%) than in the neutral group (51.2%) (relative risk, 1.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.11–2.15; P = .007). Although the incidence of epistaxis was not different between the groups (18.6% vs 32.6%; P = .138), it was lower when the tracheal tube passed nasal cavity through the lower pathway (14.3%) than the upper pathway (46.7%), regardless of the randomized group with adjustment for potentially confounding variables (odds ratio, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.07–0.54; P = .002).

CONCLUSIONS:

The nasal tip lifting maneuver helped to guide preformed nasal RAE tubes into the lower pathway during nasotracheal intubation.
A Survey of Charge Sensitivity and Charge Awareness Among Intensive Care Unit Providers in a Large Academic Medical Center
Authors: Kingeter Adam J. , Shotwell Matthew S. , Parmley C. Lee , Pandharipande Pratik P. , Buntin Melinda B.
Published: July 2018

Little is known about charge sensitivity or charge awareness among intensive care unit (ICU) providers in the United States. In a survey of 295 ICU providers at a large, academic medical center, 92.5% of respondents agreed that controlling health care expenses is partly their responsibility. However, 87.4% of respondents reported that they did not know the charges for most of the tests and medications they prescribe. Among surveyed participants, the correct charge for a medical procedure or test was selected only 35% of the time. While ICU providers overwhelmingly agree that controlling expenses is their responsibility, charge awareness is low and likely limits their ability to make value-based decisions.
Communists, Commissars, and Consumers: The Politics of Food on the Chilean Road to Socialism
Authors: Frens-String Joshua
Published: July 2018

This article examines the politics of food during Chile's Popular Unity (UP) revolution (1970–73). Organized around the rise and fall of the Juntas de Abastecimiento y Precios (Price and Supply Committees, JAPs), a state-backed network of collectively managed stores and ad hoc food distribution sites, the article explores how the UP revolution expanded long-standing practices of community-led price monitoring and food distribution to make the promise of economic democracy more concrete for urban, working-class consumers. As the JAPs' power grew, however, such efforts became a political lightning rod, unifying Chile's domestic opposition around the claim that the state's presence in the food economy—rather than its absence—created scarcity and needlessly politicized domestic life. Ultimately, the article contends that the consumer marketplace was a key arena for competing conceptualizations of democracy and the state in early 1970s Chile, anticipating the centrality of consumption to the neoliberal counterrevolution that the country experienced in the post-UP era.
Brains
Authors: Gailus Andreas
Published: July 2018

The literary writings of the young Gottfried Benn are replete with images of anatomical dismemberment and biological decay while pushing the limits of linguistic expression. The article suggests that this confluence of naturalism and avant-garde experimentation is the result of Benn’s critical engagement with the modern life sciences, and in particular with the discourses of medicine and psychology. The article focuses on Benn’s so-called Rönne novellas, written between 1914 and 1916, arguing that they record and enact the disintegration of body and subjectivity through a medical discourse that gives way to an experimental prose freed from the constraints of reference and meaning.
“The Great Imitator”
Authors: Magnusen Kaia L.
Published: July 2018

During the Weimar Republic the categories of “good,” traditional women and “deviant,” modern women became imprecise as widows’ veils and garb were often adopted by prostitutes to deter arrest. Widows were linked with death and Germany’s postwar shame and were often unfairly associated with prostitutes. Otto Dix, a Neue Sachlichkeit artist, was aware of the postwar ambiguity between “respectable” and “fallen” women. In a watercolor of a veiled widow, Dix engaged the elision of prostitutes and widows by visually implying she has syphilis, a disease that caused widespread anxiety and was inextricably linked with prostitutes. Just as syphilis was referred to as “the Great Imitator” because of the difficulty of diagnosing it, so prostitutes masqueraded as “morally upright” widows. This ambiguity between moral and immoral women caused concern over Germany’s perceived moral decline and fascinated Dix, who was intrigued by the dangerous nexus of sexuality, disease, and death.
“Das Steffinische Sternbild”
Authors: Hollander Katherine
Published: July 2018

Between 1931 and 1941 Bertolt Brecht and Margarete Steffin were lovers, friends, and intellectual collaborators. Yet scholars have struggled to understand the mechanics of their collaborative style, and presentist and liberal notions of authorship and accreditation have concentrated scholarly discussions away from Brecht and Steffin’s more urgent priorities as exiles, socialists, and antifascists. This article uses Brecht’s poems of mourning for Steffin, collectively known as “Nach dem Tod Meiner Mitarbeiterin M.S.,” along with letters, journal entries, and relevant contemporary scientific and medical understandings, to place the poems and the relationship more firmly within their specific historical environment. In the context of Brecht and Steffin’s evolving socialism, as well as the increasingly limited resources available to them once in exile, the intimate and effective literary cooperation they achieved was of primary importance. This fresh reading of the poems presents historicized insights into Brecht’s use of imagery and suggests a way forward for scholarship of collaborative literary relationships.
Where the Earth Folded
Authors: Klenner Jens
Published: July 2018

“Gespräch im Gebirg” (“Conversation in the Mountains”), Paul Celan’s only prose piece published during his lifetime, is often described as failed conversation, paradoxical or undecided in language and structure. Points of reference are frequently a dialogic structure of “I” and “thou” in light of Émile Benveniste, Emmanuel Levinas, Franz Rosenzweig, and Martin Heidegger, or Celan’s missed encounter with Theodor W. Adorno. It has, however, largely gone unremarked that Celan undertook an intensive reading of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz’s Monadology in August 1959, at the same time that his manuscripts show he was working on “Conversation.” In Leibniz Celan discovers the fold as the underlying principle of the monad, and, as the article shows, the figure of the fold pervades the imagery, the language, and the structure of “Conversation.” Celan uses the fold as a radically new literary form, as a nonindexical linguistic device to resist the harm and violence brought about through a language used for classification and delineation, and as a poetic figure to write an impossible conversation into existence.
Cell tracking in vitro reveals that the extracellular matrix glycoprotein Tenascin-C modulates cell cycle length and differentiation in neural stem/progenitor cells of the developing mouse spinal cord
Authors: May Marcus , Denecke Bernd , Schroeder Timm , Götz Magdalena , Faissner Andreas
Published: July 2018

Generation of astrocytes during the development of the mammalian spinal cord is poorly understood. Previously, we have shown that the glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix (ECM) tenascin-C (Tnc) modulates the expression territories of the patterning genes Nkx6.1 and Nkx2.2 in the developing ventral spinal cord, tunes the responsiveness of neural stem/progenitor cells towards the cytokines FGF2 and EGF and thereby promotes astrocyte maturation. In order to obtain further mechanistic insight into these processes, we have compared embryonic day-15 spinal cord neural progenitor cells (NPCs) from wild-type and Tnc knockout mice using continuous single-cell live imaging and cell lineage analysis in vitro. Tnc knockout cells displayed a significantly reduced rate of cell division both in response to FGF2 and EGF. When individual clones of dividing cells were investigated with regard to their cell lineage trees using the tTt tracking software, it appeared that the cell cycle length in response to growth factors was reduced in the knockout. Furthermore, when Tnc knockout NPCs were induced to differentiate by the removal of FGF2 and EGF glial differentiation was enhanced. We conclude that the constituent of the stem cell niche Tnc contributes to preserve stemness of NPCs.
A mesodermal fate map for adipose tissue
Authors: Sebo Zachary L. , Jeffery Elise , Holtrup Brandon , Rodeheffer Matthew S.
Published: July 2018

The embryonic origin of distinct fat depots and the role for ontogeny in specifying the functional differences among adipocyte lineages between and within depots is unclear. Using a Cre/Lox-based strategy to track the fate of major mesodermal subcompartments in mice we present evidence that <50% of interscapular brown adipocytes are derived from progenitors of the central dermomyotome. Furthermore, we demonstrate that depot-specific adipocyte lineages spatially diverge as early as gastrulation, and that perigonadal adipocytes arise from separate mesodermal subcompartments in males and females. Last, we show adipocyte precursors (APs) of distinct lineages within the same depot exhibit indistinguishable responses to a high fat diet, indicating that ontogenetic differences between APs do not necessarily correspond to functional differences in this context. Altogether, these findings shed light on adipose tissue patterning and suggest that the behavior of adipocyte lineage cells is not strictly determined by developmental history.
Marking to Market versus Taking to Market
Authors: Plantin Guillaume , Tirole Jean
Published: July 2018

Building on the idea that accounting matters for corporate governance, this paper studies the equilibrium interaction between the measurement rules that firms find privately optimal, firms’ governance, and the liquidity in the secondary market for their assets. This equilibrium approach reveals an excessive use of market-value accounting: corporate performance measures rely excessively on the information generated by other firms’ asset sales and insufficiently on the realization of a firm’s own capital gains. This dries up market liquidity and reduces the informativeness of price signals, thereby making it more costly for firms to overcome their agency problems. (JEL D21, D82, G34, G38, M41, M48)
Sustentabilidade solidária ou solidariedade sustentável? Em busca de um conceito uníssono
Authors: Garcia Denise Schmitt Siqueira , Garcia Heloise Siqueira
Published: July 2018

Solidarity sustainable or sustainable solidarity? In search of a unison concept O presente artigo tem como objetivo geral estabelecer uma integração conceitual da sustentabilidade e da solidariedade, desenrolando-se o estudo com o alcance dos seguintes objetivos específicos: analisar os principais aspectos da sustentabilidade, enfocando primordialmente sua dimensão social; estudar a solidariedade principalmente em seus aspectos históricos e conceituais, para, ao final, poder compreender a íntima correlação entre ambas as categorias. Com relação à metodologia adotada, ressalta-se que a opção se deu pelo método indutivo, tendo sido acionadas as técnicas do referente, da categoria, dos conceitos operacionais, da pesquisa bibliográfica e do fichamento. The objective of this article is to establish a conceptual integration of Sustainability and Solidarity, and the study will be carried out with the following specific objectives: to analyze the main aspects of Sustainability, focusing primarily on its social dimension; to study Solidarity mainly in its historical and conceptual aspects; and at the end, to understand the close correlation between the two categories. Regarding the adopted methodology, it was pointed out that the option was based on the inductive method, and the techniques of the referent, the category, the operational concepts, the bibliographic research and the file.
Imagens de si de líderes do passado e do presente da torcida organizada Máfia Azul no discurso sobre violência e elitização no futebol
Authors: Alvarenga Thiago Madureira
Published: July 2018

Dois líderes da Máfia Azul de gerações e trajetórias distintas: o italiano Jean Marc, 55 anos, um dos primeiros integrantes da organizada, que a presidiu no início dos anos 2000, e o jovem mineiro Daniel Sales, 33 anos, atual mandatário. Apesar das diferenças entre eles, podemos identificar um possível ethos em comum desses torcedores organizados do passado e do presente? Para tanto, analisaremos narrativas dos torcedores sob eixos caros às organizadas: violência e elitização do futebol. Serão utilizados conceitos teóricos-metodológicos da Análise do Discurso, mais especificamente Teoria Semiolinguística. Esses torcedores demonstram ethé de virilidade e agressividade quando o assunto é violência e de marginalizados e excluídos no tocante à elitização do futebol.
A tensão como regra: regulações em torno da profissão de jogador de futebol
Authors: Rogério Radamés
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo consiste num recorte da tese de doutorado de minha autoria defendida em 2014 junto ao departamento de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia da Universidade Federal do Ceará intitulada “No “segundo tempo da vida”: o jogador de futebol e a passagem para a pós-carreira” (2014). A questão a qual gostaríamos de nos deter nesse momento é a seguinte: o futebol é uma atividade que participa do processo civilizador de nossa sociedade ao propiciar excitação prazerosa e controlada ao público em geral, à massa, mas para cumprir esse papel, os participantes principais da atividade, os jogadores, devem ser submetidos a uma rigorosa disciplina e devem ter atitude exemplar no contexto dessa ordem disciplinar. Quais as consequências para os jogadores? Como este campo profissional é afetado por esta ambiguidade do processo civilizador? Para refletir sobre as questões propostas, iremos dialogar com a teoria do processo civilizador em Norbert Elias (1993 e 1995b) e da produção do “corpo dócil” em Michel Foucault (1979 e 1987).
Isabella Trindade Menezes entrevista Maurício Murad
Authors: Editorial Conselho
Published: July 2018

Foram abordados temas relacionados às suas pesquisas e trabalhos atuais, como a análise de dados estatísticos relacionados à violência e futebol. Maurício relatou sua trajetória acadêmica, que inclui a publicação de vários livros e trabalhos, a organização de um Núcleo Permanente de estudos de Sociologia do futebol em 1990 e a fundação da revista Pesquisa de Campo. Em sua fala, Maurício Murad abordou sua trajetória como pesquisador, bem como as transformações ocorridas durante esse processo, desde a valorização do futebol como objeto de pesquisa por diversas áreas do conhecimento, até as mudanças ocorridas no próprio esporte.
INFLUENCE OF ORGANIC MATTER AND IRON OXIDES ON THE COLOUR PROPERTIES OF A MICRITIC LIMESTONE FROM KEFALONIA
Authors: Christidis G. E. , Sakellariou N. , Repouskou E. , Markopoulos Th.
Published: July 2018

The influence of organic matter and iron oxides on the colour properties of an ultra-high purity micritic limestone from Kefalonia Island containing 99.7% calcite was studied. Colouring impurities, organic matter and iron-oxide, were added in the form of a xylitic lignite and a hematite-rich Fe-ore respectively. Both impurities decrease lightness (L*) and increase deviation from perfect white diffuser (AE*ab) as well as redness and yellowness of calcite. Organic matter affects colour properties to a greater degree than iron oxides. The results obtained were used in a model, which predicts lightness and AE*ab of white limestones and marbles from their Fe2Ü3 and organic carbon content. The theoretical values of L* and AE*ab of a series of known limestones and calcific marbles obtained from this model are comparable to experimental values determined using a colourimeter. Slight deviations between theoretical and experimental values are attributed to several factors, which include the different nature of iron oxides/oxyhydroxides (goethite or/and lepidocrocite and/or amorphous Fe-oxyhydroxides instead of hematite) and organic matter (kerogene instead of xylitic lignite) present in the carbonate rocks, the different particle size of calcite and impurities in the different carbonates, to the multiphase nature of the colouring impurities used in this study and to the possible existence of other Fe-rich phases such as Fe-carbonates in the limestones. The proposed model can facilitate quality control of limestone resources used as fillers and can be extended to dolomitic rocks.
THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION FROM MINING ACTIVITIES IN KIRKI, ALEXANDROUPOLIS AREA
Authors: Αρίκας Κ. , Watzl V. , Goetz D.
Published: July 2018

Mining activities in Kirki ore deposit took place for a short period, from 1975 to1980 and 1990 to 1995. However, the waste piles and the remaining material of the floatation plant have become a significant source of large amount of toxic metals dispersed in the surrounding area. The dangerous wastes contain large amount of unexploited metal-concentrate and toxic chemicals from the former floatation plant (also a number of containers with unused sodium cyanide). All this toxic material is continuously transferred by the rainwater to the river Erini. This river discharges into Aegean sea at a distance of 23 km, on the east coast of Alexandroupolis town. The concentration level of the toxic metals such as Pb, Cu, Zn, As and Cd in the sediments of the river bed is 1140, 50, 290, 100 and 690 times over the stipulated standards.
GEOCHEMICAL AND MINERALOGICAL ANALYSIS OF SEDIMENTS FROM THE GULF OF ELEFSINA -STUDY OF THE ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT
Authors: Κανελλοπούλου Γ. , Περδικάτσης Β. , Φώσκολος Α.
Published: July 2018

Mineralogical and geochemical data on sediment of three sampling locations in the gulf of Elefsina, have been studied in order to access the impact of inorganic pollutants. The gulf is relatively shallow in depth and is connected to Saronicos bay with two shallow channels. This bottom physiography, worses the depositional environment since it receives pollutants of both the city and the industry without having wide towards the open sea. Grain size analysis of the surface sediments indicates that they are classified as sandy loam. However the main characteristic is the widespread appearance of a silty black layer, rich in organic matter. The thickness of the layer is 12 cm and is related to the oxic-anoxic conditions of the surface of the sediments. During the summer period the anoxic conditions promote an increase of the concentration of the organic matter in the bottom sediments which results in the widespread black coloring. The existence of a black layer in the first 10 to 12 cm of the cored sample is attributed to human activity. During the winter period, in which sampling took place, the increase in soluble O2 was responsible for the appearance of a thin brownish color top of the black layer. The thickness of this coloration is 0.5 mm. The pH of the sediments fluctuated between 7.4 and 8.5. The lower pH values are obtained in the top of the sediments while the higher ones in the bottom of the sediments. Data from the cation exchange capacity measurements have asserted the predominant of clays in the west side of the gulf. The distribution of total organic values yields higher values in the eastern side of the gulf (average value 4%) from the western side (average value 2.5%). Mineralogical composition of the sediments yielded the following minerals; quartz, calcite, dolomite, chlorite, illite, albite and alunite. A characteristic fluctuation of the soluble metals Pb, Ni, Zn, Cu, Μη, Cr, Hg and Cd, was observed, which characterize the environmental condition and pollution of the gulf of Elefsina
ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN THE INDUSTRIAL AREA EAST OF KAVALA, NORTHERN GREECE
Authors: Grigoriadou A. , Georgakopoulos A. , Schwarzbauer J. , Kassoli-Fournaraki A. , Filippidis A. , Papastergios G.
Published: July 2018

The occurrence and distribution of organic pollutants were studied at in an industrial area situated at the coastal zone east of Kavala, Northeastern Greece. The study focused especially on the area, where the oil facilities of Kavala Oil Co. are located. Three surface water samples were collected and investigated by means of non-target screening analyses to evaluate the level of organic pollution, as well as to reveal molecular markers representing the industrial emissions. The analytical procedure included a sequential extraction of the samples, GC-FID as well as GC/MS analyses (Franke et al., 1995). In the three water samples halogenated compounds, technical additives and synthetic fragrances, phosphates, phthalates, benzothiazoles, esters, ketones, phenols, ethers and PAH's were detected. Quantitative analyses of selected pollutants were additionally performed. Source-specific marker compounds were identified and used to trace different types of emissions throughout the affected environment
ESTIMATION OF THE EFFECT OF PARTINGS TO THE QUALITY OF RECOVERABLE LIGNITE MINED FROM MULTI-LAYERS DEPOSITS
Authors: Γαλετάκης Μ. , Παπανικολάου Κ.
Published: July 2018

The evaluation of multi-layers lignite deposits is mainly based on borehole data. The lack of sufficient number of analytical data of waste and carbonaceous layers, leads to the use of indicative values during the evaluation and consequently affects the estimation precision of recoverable lignite quality. In the present work the possibility of determination of basic quality parameters of waste and carbonaceous layers by using an expert system was investigated. The development of the expert system was based on the available analytical data of waste and carbonaceous layers and the coded descriptions of corresponding cores. The expert system was used for the estimation of quality characteristics of waste and carbonaceous layers from selected core of Southern Field mine of Ptolemais area. The quality characteristics of the estimated recoverable lignite shows a more intense fluctuation compared with this obtained by using indicative values for waste and carbonaceous layers.
SULPHIDE MINERALIZATION FROM EPTADENDRO AND RACHI AREAS IN EASTERN RHODOPE
Authors: Χατζηκύρκου Α. , Μιχαηλίδης Κ.
Published: July 2018

The sulphide mineralization from Eptadendro and Rachi areas hosted in the Upper Tectonic Unit of eastern Rhodope is studied. This mineralization is related to a fault zone of NE-SW direction. The orebodies are found along the contacts between granitoid intrusions and meta-ultrabasicbasic rocks as well as within the meta-ultrabasic-basic rocks. The ore mineral assemblages consist of pyrite and chalcopyrite as main minerals, minor sphalerite, galena, magnetite and hematite which form also local concentrations, and traces of Bi-, Ag-, and Co - Ni- minerals. Chlorite, quartz, calcite and sericite are the main gangue minerals. Folding of thin mineralized layers, brittle or ductile deformation, annealing or porphyroblasting of pyrite are typical metamorphic features confirming that mineralization has been affected by a series of metamorphic and deformation events. Pyrite porphyroblasts display a characteristic chemical zonation with higher Ni and Co contents at the marginal zones. A two-stage mineralization process was accepted for the studied area. Firstly, a stratabound mineralization hosted in the ultrabasic-basic rocks was formed in a submarine environment. Later on the intrusion of granitoids remobilized a part of this mineralization into the fault zone. Besides, the magmatic fluids of the granitoids offered new amounts of metals mainly of Zn and Pb.
Effect of antenatal care on low birth weight prevention in Lao PDR: A case control study
Authors: Oulay Latsamy , Laohasiriwong Wongsa , Phajan Teerasak , Assana Supat , Suwannaphant Kritkantorn
Published: July 2018

Background: Low Birth Weight (LBW) is a worldwide public health problem, which subsequently may affect the health status of the child. Lao PDR has high incidence of LBW.  Antenatal care (ANC) is provided to improve maternal and child health outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify the effect ANC on LBW prevention in Lao PDR.

Methods: This case control study was conducted in tertiary hospitals of Lao PDR. The ratio of case: control was 1:3, of which there were 52 cases and 156 controls that passed the inclusion criteria included in the study. In our analysis information on pregnancy and ANC including height of mother, maternal weight gain during pregnancy, maternal gestational age at delivery, type of delivery, supplementary vitamins, and other covariates including age, marital status, educational attainment, occupation, family income, health insurance, family size and living condition were described and determine their association with LBW using multiple logistic regression analysis.

Results: There were only 32.69 % of complete ANC among cases and 57.69% in control.  Incomplete ANC (<4 times) were significant increased the odds of having LBW (adj. OR=2.97; 95%CI: 1.48 to 5.93; p-value =0.002). Other covariates which also influenced LBW were having maternal weight gain during pregnancy less than 10 kg. (adj.OR=2.28; 95%CI: 1.16 to 4.49; p-value = 0.017), maternal gestation age at delivery less than 40 weeks (adj. OR=3.33; 95%CI: 1.52 to 7.32; p-value =0.003). 

Conclusion: Complete ANC could help both mother and child in term of weight gain and full term delivery which may effect on LBW reduction.
Osteogenic potential of gingival stromal progenitor cells cultured in platelet rich fibrin is predicted by core-binding factor subunit-α1/Sox9 expression ratio (in vitro)
Authors: Nugraha Alexander Patera , Narmada Ida Bagus , Ernawati Diah Savitri , Dinaryanti Aristika , Hendrianto Eryk , Ihsan Igo Syaiful , Riawan Wibi , Rantam Fedik Abdul
Published: July 2018

Background:Alveolar bone defect regeneration has long been problematic in the field of dentistry. Gingival stromal progenitor cells (GSPCs) offer a promising solution for alveolar bone regeneration. In order to optimally differentiate and proliferate progenitor cells, growth factors (GFs) are required. Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) has many GFs and can be easily manufactured. Core-binding factor subunit-α1 (CBF-α1) constitutes a well-known osteogenic differentiation transcription factor in SPCs. Sox9, as a chondrogenic transcription factor, interacts and inhibits CBF-α1, but its precise role in directin vitroosteogenesis remains unknown. GSPCs culturedin vitroin PRF to optimally stimulate osteogenic differentiation has been largely overlooked. The aim of this study was to analyze GSPCs cultured in PRF osteogenic differentiation predicted by CBF-α1/Sox9.

Methods: This study used a true experimental with post-test only control group design and random sampling. GPSCs isolated from the lower gingiva of four healthy, 250-gram, 1-month old, male Wistar rats (Rattus Novergicus) were cultured for two weeks, passaged every 4-5 days. GSPCs in passage 3-5 were cultured in five M24 plates (N=108; n=6/group) for Day 7, Day 14, and Day 21 in three different mediums (control negative group: αModified Eagle Medium; control positive group: High Glucose-Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM-HG) + osteogenic medium; Treatment group: DMEM-HG + osteogenic medium + PRF). CBF-α1 and Sox9 were examined with ICC monoclonal antibody. A one-way ANOVA continued with Tukey HSD test (p<0.05) based on Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Levene's tests (p>0.05) was performed.

Results:The treatment group showed the highest CBF-α1/Sox9 ratio (16.00±3.000/14.33±2.517) on Day 7, while the lowest CBF-α1/Sox9 ratio (3.33±1.528/3.67±1.155) occurred in the control negative group on Day 21, with significant difference between the groups (p<0.05).

Conclusion:GSPCs cultured in PRF had potential osteogenic differentiation ability predicted by the CBF-α1/sox9 ratio.
Evolution of the Concept of Sustainable Development in the Context of Historical Processes
Authors: Алферова Татьяна , Alferova Tat'yana , Третьякова Елена , Tret'yakova Elena , Осипова Мария , Osipova Mariya , Суркова Юлия , Surkova Yuliya
Published: July 2018

Currently, the concept of sustainable development is one of the central in economic science, and therefore one of the most studied and discussed in the scientific and political environment. Such popularity of the ideas of economic development without violation of the natural basis is nothing but inspiring on the one hand, since it serves their promotion to the general public (business environment, education, science, etc.) and should already bear fruit in the form of social responsibility of business, use of resource-saving production technologies, consumption culture, etc. On the other hand, there is a risk that such popularity can entaildevotion to idea for the sake of the idea itself, the risk that not the results of research in this field, but the studies themselves, often not applied, are valuable.
This monograph, as a result ofwork of the group of authors, is a writing united by a central idea - the search for applied tools for managing the economy with the aim of its sustainable development. The real depth of the question lies in its complexity and versatility, while the economic essence of development is largely determined by the results of a complex of natural and human sciences. So the very foundations of the idea of sustainable development laid down in ancient philosophy, which, before acquiring modern features, went through many stages of historical philosophical and methodological evolution. Each of the stages was influenced by a multitude of historical, political, institutional and other factors shaping the guiding, accelerating or slowing down the process.
We consider sustainable development economy as the next stage of evolution, and the transition to it is inevitable, while we are concerned with the question of whether Russia can take a rightful place in this changing world and what tools should be used to make this process effective and manageable.
All of the foregoing predetermines the relevance of this work, not only for the development of the theory of sustainable development, but also for the management of socio-ecological and economic systems.
Multidimensional Binary Search for Contextual Decision-Making
Authors: Lobel Ilan , Leme Renato Paes , Vladu Adrian
Published: July 2018

We consider a multidimensional search problem that is motivated by questions in contextual decision making, such as dynamic pricing and personalized medicine. Nature selects a state from a d-dimensional unit ball and then generates a sequence of d-dimensional directions. We are given access to the directions but not access to the state. After receiving a direction, we have to guess the value of the dot product between the state and the direction. Our goal is to minimize the number of times when our guess is more than ϵ away from the true answer. We construct a polynomial time algorithm that we call projected volume achieving regret O(dlog(d/ϵ)), which is optimal up to a log d factor. The algorithm combines a volume cutting strategy with a new geometric technique that we call cylindrification.
Technical Note—Optimal Pricing with Sequential Consumption in Networks
Authors: Zhou Junjie , Chen Ying-Ju
Published: July 2018

In this paper, we consider a model with a monopoly firm who sells social goods sequentially to a group of customers in a network. We show that, with symmetric social interactions, the optimal pricing under arbitrary launch sequence is independent of customers’ network positions, the launch sequence, and the underlying social interaction relations among customers. This generalizes the previous network-independent prices in the simultaneous-launch case. Therefore, for any given sequence, the firm can obtain a higher profit by offering sequentially to some groups of simultaneous-move customers. As a consequence, the optimal sequence turns out to be a chain structure. Moreover, we establish the pecking order by which the firm shall approach customers following the sequence of descending valuation-cost margins, and with homogeneous margins any chain attains the optimal revenue. The sequence independence of the optimal pricing does not hold when either the social interaction is asymmetric or the firm is restricted to use uniform pricing. Nevertheless, the profit optimality of the chain structure extends to both variants of the basic model.

The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2018.1726 .
FEDERALISMO E CENTRALIZAÇÃO NO BRASIL: CONTRASTES NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA FEDERAÇÃO BRASILEIRA
Authors: Liziero Leonam Baesso da Silva , Carvalho Fabrício
Published: July 2018

Formalmente, a federação brasileira surge com o Decreto nº1, de 15 de novembro de 1889, forma que foi posteriormente ratificada Constituição Republicana de 1891. Com a adoção explícita do modelo federativo, todavia, não desaparecem as forças centralizadoras, iniciando-se um período de alternância entre movimentos de descentralização e movimentos de forte centralização. O modelo federativo de Estado pressupõe um nível razoável de descentralização, mas que nem sempre encontra correspondência nos Estados federativos reais, que se desenham a partir de uma dinâmica complexa e que envolve tanto fatores internos quanto externos. Tal dinâmica tem levado modelos concretos clássicos – como os Estados Unidos da América e a República Federal da Alemanha – a adotar medidas tendentes à centralização. Embora a Constituição de 1988 tenha rompido com a centralização excessiva do regime constitucional anterior e tenha logrado implementar um modelo com viés cooperativo, é visível a preeminência da União sobre os demais entes federativos.
A cidade e o alimento
Authors: Niebuhr Pedro De Menezes
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo defende o resgate da conexão da cidade com a fonte de seu alimento. Parte-se da premissa de que o estilo de vida contemporâneo, calcado na desconexão do ser humano com a origem e a forma como seu alimento é produzido e distribuído, gera uma série de consequências negativas na organização e no funcionamento das cidades, percebidas coletivamente, especialmente na infraestrutura rodoviária, no meio ambiente, na saúde pública, na economia e no patrimônio cultural. Defende-se que o Poder Público, no desenho e na gestão das cidades, deve atuar na reversão dos efeitos causados pela aludida desconexão. A reaproximação e a integração dos núcleos urbanos com o meio rural reduzem a sobrecarga no sistema rodoviário, os gastos com manutenção e os inconvenientes da dependência da infraestrutura de rodovias para distribuição dos alimentos a grandes distâncias. Ao se estimular a adoção de medidas de agricultura e alimentação sustentáveis no âmbito local, reduz-se a pressão sobre os recursos naturais, protege-se a biodiversidade, criam-se espaços mais agradáveis, além de se produzir efeitos positivos à saúde. A criação de políticas e ações de apoio ao pequeno produtor rural local, assim como o estímulo à criação de mercados consumidores nas localidades adjacentes, fortalece a cadeia econômica local, cria alternativas de mercado de trabalho e reduz as externalidades decorrentes da concentração de mercado. A proteção do patrimônio culinário e gastronômico local também atua como importante componente de identidade cultural, fortalecendo vínculos de pertença e de identidade da população à região que ela habita. Esses são os principais motivos justificadores da integração do meio urbano com o rural como desafio para a criação de comunidades e cidades sustentáveis.
A vedação constitucional de usucapião dos bens públicos e a função social da propriedade: da mera detenção ao reconhecimento da posse funcionalizada pelos particulares
Authors: Torres Marcos Alcino de Azevedo , Moura Emerson Affonso da Costa
Published: July 2018

A função social dos bens públicos é o tema posto em debate. Analise em que medida os bens públicos independente da previsão constitucional e legal de sua imprescritibilidade com a respectiva vedação da sua aquisição através do usucapião, igualmente, se sujeitam a função social, em específico, no que tange ao reconhecimento da posse qualificada com a função social em detrimento da propriedade sem função social. Para tanto, no primeiro item analisa-se a nova dimensão assumida pela posse e o reconhecimento de sua função social, após a presunção de atendimento do interesse público pelos bens públicos através de sua afetação formal e a vedação a sua aquisição por usucapião e por fim, busca se compatibilizar a vedação constitucional da imprescritibilidade dos bens públicos com a necessidade de sua adequação à função social.
Dignity therapy interventions for young people in palliative care: a rapid structured evidence review
Authors: Rodriguez Alison , Smith Joanna , McDermid Kirstine
Published: July 2018

Background:

Dignity therapy is becoming established in adult settings, with research supporting its effectiveness.

Aims:

This article aims to summarise and synthesise the research that has explored dignity therapy and related meaning-making interventions in palliative care with young people.

Methods:

A rapid structured review was undertaken. Quality appraisal was based on the randomised control trial or cohort study Critical Appraisals Skills Programme (CASP) tool.

Results:

Four studies met the inclusion criteria; one focused on young people (7–17 years), the other three included young people but mean ages were 50–70 years. Dignity therapy was found to improve aspects of wellbeing for the patient and was perceived as helpful for the family.

Conclusions:

Dignity therapy is well received, with improvements in measures of wellbeing. However, few studies have included young people (24 years and below). This highlights a clear gap in the literature, suggesting the need to develop and evaluate a dignity therapy or related meaning-making intervention to support young people.
The NHS at 70
Authors: Ainsworth Steve
Published: July 2018

This summer, the NHS is celebrating its 70th birthday. Many tall tales and half-truths will be told about that happy event, a birth now edging towards the land of myth known as ‘beyond living memory’
A retrieval analysis of the Precice intramedullary limb lengthening system
Authors: Panagiotopoulou V. C. , Davda K. , Hothi H. S. , Henckel J. , Cerquiglini A. , Goodier W. D. , Skinner J. , Hart A. , Calder P. R.
Published: July 2018

Objectives

The Precice nail is the latest intramedullary lengthening nail with excellent early outcomes. Implant complications have led to modification of the nail design. The aim of this study was to perform a retrieval study of Precice nails following lower-limb lengthening and to assess macroscopical and microscopical changes to the implants and evaluate differences following design modification, with the aim of identifying potential surgical, implant, and patient risk factors.

Methods

A total of 15 nails were retrieved from 13 patients following lower-limb lengthening. Macroscopical and microscopical surface damage to the nails were identified. Further analysis included radiology and micro-CT prior to sectioning. The internal mechanism was then analyzed with scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy to identify corrosion.

Results

Seven male and three female patients underwent 12 femoral lengthenings. Three female patients underwent tibial lengthening. All patients obtained the desired length with no implant failure. Surface degradation was noted on the telescopic part of every nail design, less on the latest implants. Microscopical analysis confirmed fretting and pitting corrosion. Following sectioning, black debris was noted in all implants. The early designs were found to have fractured actuator pins and the pin and bearings showed evidence of corrosive debris. The latest designs showed evidence of biological deposits suggestive of fluid ingress within the nail but no corrosion.

Conclusion

This study confirms less internal corrosion following modification, but evidence of titanium debris remains. We recommend no change to current clinical practice. However, potential reuse of the Precice nail, for secondary limb lengthening in the same patient, should be undertaken with caution. Cite this article: V. C. Panagiotopoulou, K. Davda, H. S. Hothi, J. Henckel, A. Cerquiglini, W. D. Goodier, J. Skinner, A. Hart, P. R. Calder. A retrieval analysis of the Precice intramedullary limb lengthening system. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:476–484. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.77.BJR-2017-0359.R1.
Journalism in Croatia in the Southeast European context: deterioration of the ‘professional project’
Authors: Helena Popović
Published: July 2018

In this article, journalism is analysed within the theoretical framework of sociology of the professions. It focuses on four ‘internal attributes’ linked to the ‘professional project’ and the external relation to the profession of agents involved in the professionalisation process. Based on an analysis of the internal attributes and external agents and using the results of quantitative and qualitative studies on Croatian journalism, the article attempts to analyse these dimensions in a diachronic perspective, with the aim of understanding the current status of the journalist profession in Croatia, and the social, political and economic structures that shape it. It looks at the specificities of the region and the structural changes that occurred in the journalistic field with the dissolution of Yugoslavia and the introduction of a liberal market economy and draws on a survey and focus groups as well as an extensive review of the literature. The conclusion is that the ‘professional project’ of journalism is undergoing a process of gradual decay.
Pueblos (in) visibles de la región este del Uruguay. Un proyecto de investigación-enseñanza
Authors: Leicht Mg. Arq. Eleonora
Published: July 2018

Este artículo reflexiona acerca del trabajo de investigación y enseñanza desarrollado en el Instituto de Teoría y Urbanismo de la Facultad de Arquitectura (ITU) desde 2013 a 2016. En base a antecedentes fruto del trabajo con la Intendencia de Maldonado el equipo investigador identificó ciertas debilidades y postergaciones en los pequeños pueblos del Departamento de Maldonado, los que no participaban de las bonanzas producto de la intensa actividad turística costera. En consecuencia se propuso explorar dichas localidades a efectos de visibilizar sus fortalezas y singularidades, así como identificar lineamientos e instrumentos de ordenamiento que pudieran cooperar a revertir situaciones de desigualdad socio-territorial. Posteriormente se fueron agregando al proyecto original algunas localidades de Rocha y Lavalleja con problemática similares, en la voluntad de explorar situaciones comunes a la Región Este del Uruguay. Los estudios de caso se fueron abordando con el transcurrir del curso opcional de grado “Pueblos Invisibles”.
Relatos y memorias en el Cono Sur: La nación como obsesión. Reflexiones acerca de la nación en mis clases de Historia.
Authors: Devoto Marina
Published: July 2018

Este artículo desarrolla algunas líneas de investigación que estoy llevando a cabo en mi tesis de Maestría, acerca de la nación y lo nacional en mis clases de Historia. A lo largo de mi carrera como profesora de Historia trabajar con el concepto de nación y la historia nacional me ha resultado muy difícil. Por tanto, esta temática se conviritó en el centro de mis reflexiones y en una obsesión. En este trabajo presento tres líneas de investigación que intentan explicar por qué es un tema que me resulta difícil de enseñar. La primera línea se centra en la complejidad del concepto. La segunda línea explora la relación, no siempre clara, entre enseñanza de la Historia, memoria colectiva y nación. Y la tercera, centra el análisis en mi historia personal.Es un tema que me plantea una cuestión profundamente ética: la nación es paradojalmente inclusora y discriminadora.