bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DNA markers reveal genetic association between the sea-side Lithuanian and Bavarian Scots pine populations
Authors: Kavaliauskas Darius , Danusevičius Darius , Fussi Barbara , Žalkauskas Remigijus
Published: October 2022

Due to complex history of European forests, natural populations may not necessarily represent autochthonous genepools for forest trees. Eastern Prussian forests were famous for using non-local sources for afforestation. We studied efficiency of a set of nuclear microsatellite markers (nSSR) for genetic association and diversity studies of 194 adult trees from 5 populations genotyped at 11 nSSR loci. The Bayesian and UPGMA clustering revealed two genetically distinct groups: (a) the Baltic group, and (b) the Bavarian one and an over 200-years-old sea-side Lithuanian population of Juodkrante from the sea-side Curonian spit of Neringa. We interpret this result as putative introduction of Bavarian Scots pine back in the 18th century, when reforestation efforts were made to sustain moving sands in the dunes of Neringa. The genomic SSRs were more variable than the EST SSRs. However, the association between the variability of the nuclear microsatellite loci and their efficiency in detecting population differentiation was not strong.
Keywords: nSSR, Pinus sylvestris (L.), population structure, provenance transfer, FRM transfer, molecular markers
Supervision of The Head of The Room Related To Compliance Nurse In Preventing Pressure Instructions At Fatmawati RSUP In South Jakarta
Authors: Nasri Khairul -
Published: October 2022

Background: Supervision is part of directive function of a manager. Supervision is carried out to ensure nurses work according to standard. Actually, the quality service in hospital can be improved with supervision. Objective: to determine the relationship between the supervision of the head of the room in the compliance of nurses in preventing pressure injuries. Design: this study was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design approach to determine the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. Data obtained through the google form application. The instrument used was made by the researchers themselves with modifications from sources based on the theoretical basis of Nursalam’s supervision. Questionnaire A demographic data, questionnaire B implementation of supervision, questionnaire C compliance of nurses. The analysis in this study included univariate and bivariate analysis. This study used the Spearman Rank, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Nurses aged 24-53 years, Working period 1-32 years. Female gender 87,7 %, D3 Nursing education 59,2 %, Competency level PK II 36,2 %, Never attended 54,6 %, Marred 80% and employment status as ASN 53,1%. Conclusion: There were three dimensions of supervision that affect compliance, namely supervision techniques, supervision principles and supervision models. There was correlation between supervision and nurse compliance which was quite strong, significant and unidirectional, expect that the dimension of supervision routine activities had a very weak correlation. All characteristic variables had no correlation with adherence except for age, which had a very weak relationship. There was a weak, significant and unidirectional correlation between composite supervision and the implementation of nurse compliance. The results of the analysis of nurse compliance in preventing pressure injuries were 80%. Recommendation: It is necessary to know other factors besides supervision that affect compliance. Suggestion for further researchers is research with a qualitative approachPressure Injury, Nurse Compliance, Supervision of The Head of The Room
HUMOUR IN ADULT FOREIGN LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION: PERCEPTIONS OF STUDENT- TEACHERS FROM A TEACHING FACULTY
Authors:   University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Philology, Josifović Elezović Sanja
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study is to explore the extent to which the employ- ment of humour in adult foreign language instruction represents an important advantage for teachers and learners. In light of definitions, theories, functions, and types of humour, the paper examines aspects and effects of humour in the classroom with adult foreign language learners from the student-teachers’ points of view. It offers new insights into the topic from an empirical perspective in that it reveals perceptions of young adults who are simultaneously students and practising teachers of EFL. The examinees are the final year students of English at the Faculty of Philology, University of Banja Luka, who, for one semester, twice a week, give English language classes to adult learners at different levels of proficiency. These students preparing for a teaching career, are advised to use humour in their classes, monitor and evaluate its consequences. Their perceptions of its use and effects are examined in a face-to-face group interview and a few individual interviews. Qualitative content analysis reveals salient themes related to the role of humour in adult foreign language instruction. Results are discussed in comparison to their supervisor’s field notes from class observations, and relevant research. They indicate that although stu- dent-teachers highly value humour in the classroom they are hesitant in recommending its planned employment. Conclusions suggest a more elaborate use of humour in both foreign language teaching and teacher training, from the earliest stages of practice.
STRATEGIJE POTISKIVANjA KRIVICE I KRITIČKO SUOČAVANjE S NACISTIČKOM PROŠLOŠĆU U ROMANU „U SENCI MOGA BRATA“ UVEA TIMA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Nešić Pavković Milena
Published: October 2022

On the example of the novel In My Brother’s Shadow by the German writer Uwe Timm, the analysis will show that Germans who were direct participants in the Second World War “remember” the dark Nazi past in a different way than their descendants, who tended to critically confront the burden of the past that they had inherited unwillingly. The aim of this paper is to analyze the ways in which the protagonist of the novel/author and members of his family face the infamous past that influenced the identity of the family, but also the writer’s personal identity.
MUZIKA U SRPSKOM ANIMIRANOM FILMU U PERIODU 1949–1969.
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Philology and Arts, Ćirić Marija
Published: October 2022

Тhe aim of the paper is to understand the position of music in the Serbian animated film during the first two decades of organized production of this artistic type in socialist Yugo- slavia (1949-1969). It is about the period that begins with the creation of the first (post-war) Serbian animated film, Pupil and a Bad Mark, authored by Vera and Ljubiša Jocić (1949). In this regard, we used the historical method, the method of analysis and a case study. The paper first provides insights into the context of the emergence and stages of development of Ser- bian cinematographic animation, and looks at the problems of understanding the poetics and status of this art, position, and function of music in an animated film, and then turns to the selected titles. The works analyzed in this paper assume the anthological oeuvres of the most prominent names of Serbian animation of the said period (Vera and Ljubiša Jocić, Divna Jova- nović, Marijan Vajda, Slavko Marjanac, Nikola Majdak, Ivo Kušanić, Borislav Šajtinac); the selection, therefore, refers to the totality of the visual, cinematographic, and auditory qualities. The result of this research suggests a considerable range in terms of the relations between music and image, that is, the important position of music as a constituent of narration; reveal- ing the rapid rise of the then still young artistic domain on the Serbian cultural scene. It is important to point out that the research we have conducted is the first attempt to consider the position of music in the historical context of the art of animation in Serbia.
Job Maturity in Improving Teacher Performance at Public Vocational High School 1 Ketapang
Authors: Fauzi Vita Kusnul , Wahyudi Wahyudi , Sukmawati Sukmawati
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine: 1) Want to know and analyze the performance of masters at Public Vocational School 1 Ketapang in carrying out their duties as masters; 2) Want to know and analyze what work maturity can improve master's performance at Public Vocational School 1 Ketapang; 3) Want to know and analyze the efforts made by the master of Public Vocational School 1 Ketapang in improving performance as a master. Measurement in this study using qualitative methods. The results and analysis show that: 1) Based on the results of observations, interviews, and documentation studies conducted by researchers on informants (research subjects), namely the masters of State Vocational High Schools, it shows that the masters have met several assessment indicators for each aspect. 2) Based on the results of the research on the masters of Public Vocational School 1 Ketapang above, it shows that the performance of the masters of Public Vocational School 1 Ketapang in terms of professional competence is in the fairly good category. This is because the master has fulfilled several assessment indicators in mastering the material, structure, concept, and scientific mindset that supports the subject, developing creatively guided subject matter, continuing professional development by taking reflective actions and utilizing information and communication technology to develop themselves. 3) Efforts made by the master of Public Vocational School 1 Ketapang in improving performance as a master, from the learning outcomes, namely by carrying out their duties as well as possible and continuing to improve pedagogic and professional competencies.
Village Fund Management in Capital Participation of Village Owned Business in DPMPK, West Kutai Regency
Authors: Aliansyah Aliansyah , Musmuliadi Musmuliadi , Djiu Agustinus
Published: October 2022

This study aims to determine the management of the Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBDes) in the Village / Village of West Kutai Regency and analyze the accountability of the village government in managing the Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBDes). This research was started from April 2022 to June 2022 with the research location at the Office of Community and Village Empowerment (DPMK) West Kutai Regency. This research is a qualitative research with the type of descriptive research. The technique of collecting data is by using interview, observation, and documentation techniques. While the research instruments are the researchers themselves, interview guides, and communication and documentation tools. The data analysis of this research used an interactive model, namely data reduction, data presentation, and data verification of conclusions. Based on the results of research that has been carried out on all the data obtained, it is concluded that accountability and transparency affect the management of village funds. while participation does not significantly affect the management of village funds. Meanwhile, accountability, transparency and participation simultaneously affect the management of village funds in West Kutai Regency.Village Owned Enterprises are good, but not yet fully maximized in encouraging the level of community welfare in West Kutai Regency. This is because there are several business units that are already good and capable in improving the quality of the community, but there are several business units that have not provided the benefits as they should as a forum in achieving the goals of BUMK itself.
The Influence of Workload and Work Motivation on Teacher Performance at Public Senior High School 2 Sendawar, West Kutai Regency
Authors: Saul Saul , Dwijatenaya Ida Bagus Made Agung , Musmuliadi Musmuliadi
Published: October 2022

This study aims to analyze and determine partially and simultaneously the effect of workload and work motivation on the performance of teachers in Public Senior High School 2 Sendawar, West Kutai Regency and to find out the most dominant influence on the performance of teachers at Public Senior High School 2 Sendawar. This research is a quantitative study using the SPSS instrument which discusses validity and reliability testing, multiple linear regression analysis, t test, F test to determine the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The results showed that workload and work motivation had a partial and simultaneous influence on teacher performance at Public Senior High School 2 Sendawar, West Kutai Regency. Through testing the coefficient of determination (Adjusted R Square) obtained a value of 0.642 or 64.2%, meaning that teacher performance is influenced by workload and work motivation of 64.2% while the remaining 35.8% is influenced by other variables outside this study. Work motivation has the most dominant influence on teacher performance at Public Senior High School 2 Sendawar, West Kutai Regency.
Aggregating the Impacts of Non-State and Subnational Climate Actions: An Exploration of Methods
Authors: Elliott Cynthia , Cyrs Tom , Singh Neelam , Sharp Abby
Published: October 2022

This paper discusses methodological assumptions to estimate the collective impact of mitigation commitments and targets of non-state and subnational entities. It serves as a supplement to the Initiative for Climate Action Transparency (ICAT) Non-State and Subnational Action Guide. The paper will facilitate users in employing methods that are suitable for their specific objectives when determining the collective impact of mitigation actions taken by cities, businesses and states. It will also promote greater transparency in reporting impact assessment results.
Moderating role of Organizational Justice in Relationship of Innovative Climate, Psychological Capital, Positive Deviance, and Employees Engagement
Authors: Yaqub Rana Muhammad Shahid , Kousar Shakeela , Mahmood Shanayyara , Maqsood Alina
Published: October 2022

The study has investigated the relationship among positive deviance, psychological capital innovative climate and employee engagement. It has checked the moderation effect of organizational justice among the relationship between independent (positive deviance, psychological capital innovative climate) and dependent variable (employee engagement). Data was obtained from the 500 faculty members of Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) of Southern Punjab province of Pakistan. It has used explanatory quantitative research design. Convenience sampling was used to select the sample from target population. Data was collected using survey-based questionnaire method. A 5-point Likert-Scale survey was used to collect primary data, and 410 responses were found useable for this study. Data analysis was performed using smart PLS 3.0.0 and SPSS software. Results have proved that there is positive relationship among positive deviance, psychological capital, innovative climate and employee engagement. Results have shown that Organizational justice is not the moderator of the relationship among positive deviance, psychological capital and employee engagement. While it has proved the moderator of innovative climate and employee engagement. The study has important contribution in the existing literature and important implications for organizational behavior studies. Moreover, study has produced a clear road map for enhancing faculty member employee engagement in Pakistan.
Exploring loss and grief during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review of qualitative studies
Authors: Tao Xinyu , Yu Chou Chuen , Low James Alvin
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about multiple losses to various groups, namely patients, families and healthcare professionals. Grief, which is the reaction to these losses, could cause strain on these individuals’ physical and mental health if not identified and managed early. This scoping review analysed loss, grief and how they were managed among these groups during the pandemic.

Method: This scoping review utilised the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and the Joanna Briggs Institute framework for scoping reviews. Only qualitative studies relating to loss and grief and their management were included. Of 166 studies screened, 69 were included in the study. Qualitative analysis and data coding of each record were conducted through qualitative data analysis software.

Results: Losses included the death of family members, patients, colleagues and others. They also included the loss of usual routines, lifestyles and physical health. The grief experienced was multidimensional, affecting mainly the emotional, physical, social and existential realms. Anger, guilt and fear resulted from unsatisfactory farewells, issues with funerals, social isolation, financial strain and stigmatisation. Management strategies could be categorised into 5 themes: communication, finance, counselling, education and spiritual care.

Conclusion: Loss and grief identification and management among patients, family members and healthcare professionals are critically important during this COVID-19 pandemic. Current operating guidelines have proven insufficient in managing loss and grief. Innovative strategies are essential to tackle the many dimensions of loss and grief. Nevertheless, further research is necessary to better understand the effectiveness of implemented policies.

Keywords: Bereavement, death, mourning, outbreak, palliative care
Validation and comparison of the PECARN rule, Step-by-Step approach and Lab-score for predicting serious and invasive bacterial infections in young febrile infants
Authors: Sutiman Natalia , Khoo Zi Xean , Ong Gene Yong-Kwang , Piragasam Rupini , Chong Shu-Ling
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Differentiating infants with serious bacterial infections (SBIs) or invasive bacterial infections (IBIs) from those without remains a challenge. We sought to compare the diagnostic performances of single biomarkers (absolute neutrophil count [ANC], C-reactive protein [CRP] and procalcitonin [PCT]) and 4 diagnostic approaches comprising Lab-score, Step-by-Step approach (original and modified) and Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) rule.

Method: This is a prospective cohort study involving infants 0–90 days of age who presented to an emergency department from July 2020 to August 2021. SBIs were defined as bacterial meningitis, bacteraemia and/or urinary tract infections. IBIs were defined as bacteraemia and/or bacterial meningitis. We evaluated the performances of Lab-score, Step-by-Step (original and modified) and PECARN rule in predicting SBIs and IBIs.

Results: We analysed a total of 258 infants, among whom 86 (33.3%) had SBIs and 9 (3.5%) had IBIs. In predicting SBIs, ANC ≥4.09 had the highest sensitivity and negative predictive value (NPV), while PCT ≥1.7 had the highest specificity and positive predictive value (PPV). CRP ≥20 achieved the highest area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.741 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.672–0.810). The Step-by-Step (original) approach had the highest sensitivity (97.7%). Lab-score had the highest AUC of 0.695 (95% CI 0.621–0.768), compared to PECARN rule at 0.625 (95% CI 0.556–0.694) and Step-by-Step (original) at 0.573 (95% CI 0.502–0.644). In predicting IBIs, PCT ≥1.7 had the highest sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV. The Step-by-Step (original and modified) approach had the highest sensitivity of 100%. Lab-score had the highest AUC of 0.854 (95% CI 0.731–0.977) compared to PECARN rule at 0.589 (95% CI 0.420–0.758) and Step-by-Step at 0.562 (95% CI 0.392–0.732).

Conclusion: CRP strongly predicted SBIs, and PCT strongly predicted IBI. The Step-by-Step approach had the highest sensitivity and NPV, while Lab-score had the highest specificity and AUC in predicting SBIs and IBIs.

Keywords: Biomarkers, diagnostic approaches, febrile infants, Lab-score, PECARN rule, Step-by-Step approach
Nitrificação heterotrófica e desnitrificação aeróbica para remoção de nitrogênio amoniacal em condições de alta salinidade
Authors:   , Rocha João Victor Soares Barcelos
Published: October 2022

A água de produção proveniente do processo de extração de petróleo contém além de outros poluentes, elevadas concentrações de nitrogênio amoniacal. O descarte inadequado desse efluente pode desencadear sérios danos ambientais incluindo a eutrofização em ambientes aquáticos, assim o tratamento biológico tem sido uma das melhores alternativas para remoção biológica de nitrogênio amoniacal (NH4 + ) de efluentes. A remoção de NH4 + pode ocorrer por diferentes vias e uma delas é a nitrificação heterotrófica/desnitrificação aeróbia (NH/DA), onde um único microrganismo heterotrófico é capaz de realizar, em aerobiose, a remoção de amônia, o que representa vantagens operacionais na área de tratamento de efluentes. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre esse processo e os microrganismos que o realizam, mas por serem heterotróficos, acreditamos que sejam mais tolerantes à altas salinidades que os nitrificantes autotróficos. Desta forma o presente trabalho teve como objetivo favorecer a ocorrência do processo de NH/DA para remoção de amônia em altas salinidades pela inoculação de lodo biológico em meio de enriquecimento para NH/DA (meio HNM) e em efluente hipersalino (meio EF). Para isso, o lodo biológico foi adaptado ao NaCl e neste período a microbiota e a taxa de remoção de amônia foram monitoradas e quantificadas. A microbiota levou 46 dias para se adaptar a 240 g. L -1 de NaCl com 97% de eficiência de remoção NH4 + , no meio HNM, enquanto no meio EF, levou 117 dias para se adaptar à 230 g. L -1 de NaCl, com 60% de remoção de nitrogênio amoniacal. Nas análises moleculares, como a citometria de fluxo, observou-se uma grande instabilidade na contagem total de células. Nos resultados oriundos do sequenciamento do 16S rRNA, percebeu-se uma diminuição da diversidade de espécies provocada pelo aumento da salinidade, mas os gêneros bacterianos descritos como capazes de realizarem o processo de NH/DA estavam presentes em elevadas salinidades. Palavras-chave: Genes RNAr 16S. Gene amoA. PCR digital. Citometria de fluxo
The Escalation of Corporate Corruption During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Is the Anti-Corruption Framework of the Companies Act 71 Of 2008 Adequate?
Authors: Cassim Rehana
Published: October 2022

During the Covid-19 pandemic, corruption in South African companies, both state-owned and privately-owned, reached staggering proportions. This included bribery, procurement irregularities, overpricing and fraudulent deals between government officials and companies. This article identifies provisions of the Companies Act 71 of 2008 that may be used to address corporate corruption. This is done with a view to ascertaining whether the anti-corruption framework of the Companies Act is adequate to counteract corporate corruption. It concludes that the Act contains a fairly comprehensive framework to tackle corruption in companies registered under it. In spite of this framework the level of corporate corruption remains high, and increased substantially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The article makes recommendations to reduce these high levels of corporate corruption.
King NNO V De Jager 2021 4 SA 1 (CC): Three Perspectives
Authors: du Toit François , Harding Matthew , Humm Andreas
Published: October 2022

In the King case, the South African Constitutional Court adjudicated on a gender-based disinheritance under a testamentary fideicommissum. The court, in three judgments, found that the disinheritance violated public policy and was, moreover, unconstitutional and thus invalid. King was the Constitutional Court’s first pronouncement on a gender-based disinheritance in a purely private bequest. It therefore stands in contrast to earlier High Court and Supreme Court of Appeal judgments regarding the exclusion of potential beneficiaries under testamentary charitable bequests. This contribution provides three perspectives by commentators from three jurisdictions on the Constitutional Court’s judgment in King. The first perspective argues against an objection that can be raised against a judgment such as King, namely that it constitutes an unjustified judicial violation of personal autonomy, freedom of disposition and private property in the law of gifts and trusts. The first perspective posits that discriminatory goals such as those pursued through explicit gender-exclusive disinheritances are inherently worthless and the judicial invalidation of such disinheritances therefore have a negligible impact on personal autonomy, freedom of disposition and private property. The second perspective cautions against the Constitutional Court’s express rejection of the public/private divide in the law of gifts and trusts. It argues that the divide plays an important role in striking a balance between personal autonomy, freedom of disposition and private property on the one hand, and policy as well as constitutional imperatives regarding equality and non-discrimination on the other hand. The second perspective thus advocates that the public/private divide must be retained in the law of gifts and trusts. The third perspective evaluates the King case from a German viewpoint and argues that the Constitutional Court’s reasoning in this case undervalued freedom of testation. The third perspective advances a solution that strives to balance the arguments that underpin the first and second perspectives.
On Becoming a Scholar
Authors: Jansen Jonathan , Visser Daniel
Published: October 2022

The origins of
On Becoming a Scholarlie in the realisation that there is a need for a vademecum, a handy compendium of ideas, plans and strategies for building a productive and fulfilling academic career to guide the host of prospective academics.

On Becoming a Scholaris geared to help relatively new scholars to construct personal futures and to find their way through the 21st century university. It is intended to be a map, and like any map it does not contain all the contours and details of the landscape, but rather seeks to reveal the important pathways and milestones in the journey to becoming an established academic.

Drawing on highly experienced academics and accomplished professors in their different fields, as well as promising younger academics already on their way, this book cover a concentratedresource of practical wisdom. The topics are broad and, cumulatively, they seek to answer the many questions that experiencedmentors encounter every day in their work with new academics.
A Retrospective Study about COVID-19 in Liver Transplant Recipients: Clinical Characteristics, Hospitalization and Mortality Rates in a Single Lebanese Liver Transplant Center
Authors: S Jibaii , MM Bouhairie , A Akoum , M Hoteit , M Al Sayed , R Matar , B Hotayt
Published: October 2022

Background: Liver transplantation has evolved to become the definitive treatment for most types of acute and chronic liver failure. Recent studies suggest that incidence of covid-19 among this population is generally higher due to the fact of chronic immunosuppressant. However, there is a scarcity of literature describing clinical presentation, and outcomes in Liver Transplant (LT) patients with Covid-19. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics in LT recipients diagnosed with Covid-19 who had undergone liver transplantation at the liver and kidney transplant center of Al Rassoul hospital in Lebanon. Methods: A retrospective case series study conducted among patients who previously had a liver transplantation at the kidney and liver transplant center of Al Rassoul hospital in Lebanon and diagnosed with Covid-19, before the era of vaccination. Demographic information, past medical history, clinical manifestations, severity of the disease and patient’s outcome were recorded. Results: During the study period, a total of 27 LT recipients were enrolled among whom 6 (22.2%) patients were tested positive for Covid-19. The majority of the infected patients were female (66.6%). Out of these patients, 83.3% had mild Covid-19. The most frequent reported symptoms were fever (66.7%). 50% of patients presented with GI symptoms. The rate of hospitalization was 50%, and no patient death was recorded. All infected patient was receiving tacrolimus as immunosuppressive therapy throughout the course of infection. Conclusion: This study confirmed that liver transplant patients infected with Covid-19 had high rates of hospital admission and they were frequently presented with GI symptoms.
Public health risks related to microbial contamination of foods: A literature review
Authors: Bùi Thị Kiều Anh ,   Food Safety and Nutrition Department, HCMC Institute of Public Health, Vietnam
Published: October 2022

Food safety has become an interesting public health issue for the general population globally. Countries might utilize risk analysis frameworks to evaluate the impact as well as manage the risk of foodborne diseases from consuming contaminated foods in the food market. It is essential to obtain general information regarding hazard identification in the risk assessment process. Therefore, this literature review was conducted to identify common public health risks related to microbial contamination of food. Published studies with quantitative, qualitative, or mixed research methods were searched from peer-review journals. The chosen full-text articles were analyzed using an emergent thematic analysis approach to find key concepts and main results and then synthesized each item. The results of the literature review imply that food safety still has a significant impact on the health of consumers. Therefore, strict national risk-based food control systems should be considered to protect the health of the public. Some recommendations need to assure the quality of food through the promulgation of national official requirements, enhance of laboratory testing system, and strengthening inspection of the food market.  
Response surface optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of germinated brown rice for higher reducing sugar production
Authors: Vo Minh Hoang , Nguyen Duc Toan ,   School of Agriculture and Aquaculture, Trà Vinh University, Viet Nam,   School of Agriculture and Aquaculture, Trà Vinh University, Viet Nam
Published: October 2022

The hydrolysis of germ rice by the use of α-amylase and glucoamylase enzymes will help increase the reducing sugar content, reduce viscosity, and improve the yield of milk solution compared to the traditional extraction method. The liquefaction experiment was arranged with two factors, which are substrate ratio: α-amylase concentration and α-amylase concentration: different hydrolysis time. The saccharification experiment was carried out based on a multivariate model according to the Central Composite Design method. As a result, a 1 : 2 substrate ratio, 0.5% α-amylase concentration (approx. 11U/g starch) and 50 minutes hydrolysis time were selected as the basis for the next experiment. Analysis of variance in the regression model showed that the quadratic model was significant (p < 0.0001). Lack of fit (p > 0.05) this indicates that the model is suitable for all data. The reliability of the model R2 = 0.993 shows that the built regression model fits the data set 99.3%. CV = 1.19% indicated a better precision and reliability of the experiments carried out. Optimal conditions for hydrolysis of glucoamylase concentration of 0.399% (approx. 119.863U/g starch), temperature of 59.813°C and hydrolysis time of 160.468 minutes gave the highest DE content at 25.245% and higher than the non-enzymatic method (DE = 8.985 ± 0.062).  
Assessment of the Predictors and Mortality in Patients of Acute on Chronic Liver Failure; A Prospective Study
Authors: Rehmatullah Bhatti  , Ubedullah Bughio  , Adil Hassan  , Abdul Hafeez Soomro  , Jawaid Iqbal  , Mashooque Ali
Published: October 2022

Objective: To evaluate the predictors of short-term mortality in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF).
Methodology: This prospective study was conducted at the gastroenterology department of the Asian Institute of Medical Sciences Sindh, Pakistan from January 2018 to December 2018. All the patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) aged more than 25 years and of either gender were included. A complete history was obtained including demographic profile and specifics on clinical characteristics (jaundice, ascites, gastro-intestinal bleed, grade of encephalopathy, records of vital parameters etc.). Serum electrolytes, viral serology, autoimmune profile, liver function tests, serum creatinine, prothrombin time, and INR were among the laboratory tests performed on each patient.
Results: A total of 99 patients were studied; their average age was 40.90+13.93 years; and there was a male predominance (73.5%). HCV and HBV+HDV were the most common etiological factors. According to the frequency of organ failure, hepatic failure was in 59.8% of the cases, renal failure was in 43.6% of the cases, CNS failure was in 38.5% of the cases, 41.0% of the cases had circulatory failure, coagulation failure was in 55.6% of the cases, and respiratory failure was seen in 17.1% of the cases. Overall, the 30-day mortality rate was 61.5%. Hepatic failure, renal failure, CNS failure, coagulation failure, SBP, and grading of ACLF were significantly associated with short-term survival rate (p= <0.05). While gender, etiology, circulatory failure and respiratory failure were statistically insignificant (p= >0.05). MELD score >28, CTP score >13, organ failure >3 and ACLF grade II and III were also highly significantly linked to short term survival rate (p-0.0001).
Conclusion: According to the study's findings, hepatic failure, renal failure, CNS failure, coagulation failure, and ACLF grading, CTP score > 13, MELD score > 28, and the presence of hepato-renal syndrome were found to be significant predictors of short-term mortality in patients with Acute On-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF).
A Few Letters of the Bosnian Beglerbegs to the Venetian Doges From the First Few Decades of the 17th Century
Authors: Korić Elma
Published: October 2022

The letters of the Bosnian Beglerbegs to the Venetian Doges from the first few decades of the 17th century, preserved in State Archive of Venice, provide important testimony not only to the diplomatic practice and its forms of the time, but also to the major events and actors that marked the first few decades of this century in the Ottoman-Venetian border in the Dalmatian hinterland. Unfortunately, the aforementioned letters contain only information that testi­fies to the various forms of violence at the Ottoman-Venetian border, which members of both sides have complained about, blaming each other. Although it would be necessary to place these letters in a somewhat broader context, this time we sought to draw attention to this type of sources and the information they provide, which in their own way sheds light on the historical stage of early modern Bosnia and the region.
Ali-Dede Bosniak on the Origin of the Arabic Language
Authors: Bajrić Berin
Published: October 2022

In his famous work Muḥāḍara al-ʼawāʼil wa musāmara al-ʼawāḫir, Ali-dede Bosniak pays considerable attention to cultural and historical topics such as art, language, literature, interpersonal relations and customs. At the very beginning of his work, Ali-dede explores the question of the origin and character of human language, paying special attention to Arabic language, considering it a primordial, divine and fundamental language of humanity. His considerations are focused on the question of the origin and status of Arabic language, as well as on its historical or diachronic development. The much talked about period is the time before the influence of Arabic poetry and the Qur’an, which goes far back in time and where it is difficult to discern what is truth and what is a myth. To make it easier to present, analyze and understand Ali-dede’s idea of the origin and importance of Arabic language, we will try to present it through several basic questions that this author considers in his work.
Historic Ottoman Poet Biographers
Authors: Çınarcı Mehmet Nuri , Grabčanović Merima
Published: October 2022

Ottoman poet biographies, whose main purpose is to provide information about the lives, arts and works of poets, are among the most important sources of classical Turkish literature with their examples written more than once in every century from the 16th century to the XX century. The poets, whose biographies give information about their lives, are composed of people who have undertaken different duties belonging to different layers of the Ottoman social structure. After all, the most important point that brings together the biographies of these people, who have serious differences in status, is that they are poets. For the biographies of poets belonging to different strata, the tadhkirah definitely refers to the sources. These sources can be the poet himself, a close friend, another poet’s biographies or a history book, or the author himself. Historical poems written by poets on various occasions over the centuries are also one  of the written sources used by tadhkirahs. An important part of the poets in the biographies, using this systematic called abjad calculation and created by assigning numerical values to Arabic letters, they make history on the success of the sultans, the conquests of cities, an important natural event, and even the death of a book they have finished. However, besides the poets, it is seen that the authors of tadhkirahs also write down history with an approach that puts the poets in the center. These dates, which were dropped, give them the identity of a pastor, in the words of the tadhkirahs. It is not because they wrote a history book that is meant by their identity as a pastor; it is the poets’ reduction of dates on some important issues in their lives, which are based on the abjad calculation and written in verse. Within the tradition of Ottoman tadhkirah writing, many tadhkirah writers have dropped dates about the poets they mentioned in their works. In this study, information has been given from the authors of tadhkirahs, who have included history poems in their biographies, and in what ways these dates have contributed to the science of history and literature.
Women's Entertainmets in Mardin
Authors: DUYAN Yektanurşin
Published: October 2022

Tarihten günümüze kadar Mardin birçok kültüre ev sahipliği yapar. Bu ev sahipliği, şehrin yaşayan kültürünü etkilemektedir. Çok kültürlü yapısı olan şehirde kültürlerin birbirlerinden etkilenmesi eğlence hayatına ve ritüellerine de yansır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı, Mardin’de kadınlararası eğlenceler ve bu eğlencelerin ritüellerini tespit etmektir. Çalışmada Mardin’de kadınlararası eğlenceler, bu eğlencelerin ritüelleri araştırılıp, ritüeller arasında kültürel farklılıklarının olup olmadığını ortaya çıkarmak için Mardin’de yaşayan kadınlar ile derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Yapılan araştırma sonucunda Mardinli kadınların belleklerinde eğlence denildiğinde sabahiye, hamam, şehriye, Hasıt Marane, Derder Baba’nın yer edindiği görülmüştür. Araştırmada sonucunda bu eğlencelerin son otuz yıldır yapılmadığı ortaya çıkmıştır.
CUMPLIMIENTO TRIBUTARIO COOPERATIVO Y PRECIOS DE TRANSFERENCIA
Authors: José Ángel Gómez Requena
Published: October 2022

Las operaciones vinculadas y los precios de transferencia suelen producir una alta conflictividad, especialmente en el seno de grandes grupos multinacionales. Esta conflictividad es negativa tanto para las Administraciones tributarias como para los contribuyentes. Es preciso diseñar herramientas de cumplimiento cooperativo de las obligaciones tributarias en precios de transferencia. En este sentido, los Acuerdos Previos de Valoración sobre precios de transferencia (APA) estimulan el cumplimiento tributario, evitan el conflicto y dan seguridad jurídica a los contribuyentes. El presente trabajo analiza los aspectos más importantes de los APA, el procedimiento sobre su adopción en Derecho tributario español y pone de manifiesto la importancia de ampliar su alcance a todos los contribuyentes, especialmente tras las consecuencias provocadas por la pandemia por Covid-19.
CUESTIONES SOBRE LA PERVIVENCIA DE LA OBLIGACIÓN FORMAL DE DECLARAR BIENES Y DERECHOS SITUADOS EN EL EXTRANJERO TRAS EL FALLO DEL TJUE
Authors: Rosa Litago Lledó
Published: October 2022

Para un adecuado entendimiento del tema a tratar, en mi opinión, conviene comenzar haciendo un breve repaso de las normas implicadas. Y es que, pese al riesgo de incurrir en una reiteración innecesaria, a mi modo de ver, lo primero que provoca la lectura de la STJUE de 27 de enero de 2022 (asunto C-788/19), es la necesidad de ver cuál es realmente su objeto. Sencillamente, se trata de saber si lo enjuiciado por el TJUE es la obligación formal de información sobre bienes y derechos situados en el extranjero en su totalidad, o bien son solo algunos de sus aspectos o consecuencias los que se ponen en cuestión. Matizando un poco más, si tras el fallo del TJUE queda claro que la obligación de información establecida en el año 2012 no es contraria al Derecho de la Unión, es evidente entonces que sólo alguno de los aspectos de su régimen jurídico es el que plantea problemas, pero no la obligación en sí que, de este modo, podrá permanecer vigente.
El impuesto sobre el valor de producción de la energía eléctrica (IVPEE) y la sentencia del TJUE de 3 de marzo de 202, asunto C-220/19, Oliva Park: Una visión crítica
Authors: José Manuel Almudí Cid  , Belén Palao Bastardés
Published: October 2022

El Impuesto sobre el Valor de la Producción de la Energía Eléctrica, aprobado en el año 2012, ha sido cuestionado desde el primer momento, tanto en el ámbito nacional como de la Unión Europea, siendo así que, recientemente el Tribunal de Luxemburgo dictó sentencia, concluyendo que este impuesto es un impuesto de naturaleza directa y, como tal, no vulnera lo previsto en el ámbito de los impuesto especiales. En la medida en que el Tribunal Constitucional ya se pronunció en su momento respecto de la adecuación de este impuesto al principio de capacidad económica, este pronunciamiento viene a zanjar la polémica que, en su momento, creó la instauración de esta figura impositiva.
THE PROSPECT OF AN EU DIRECTIVE ON THE INTRODUCTION OF PILLAR ONE IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: ANY POSSIBLE DEVIATIONS FROM THE OECD BLUEPRINT? La perspectiva de una Directiva de la UE sobre la introducción del pilar uno en la Unión Europea: ¿Posibles desviaciones del proyecto de la OCDE?
Authors: Luca Cerioni
Published: October 2022

La Comisión Europea, en su Comunicación COM(2021)251 final, ha indicado su intención de presentar una propuesta de Directiva destinada a introducir el Pilar Uno en la Unión Europea. El Pilar Uno atribuiría normas fiscales a las jurisdicciones de mercado con independencia de la presencia física de la empresa en dichas jurisdicciones, creando así un nexo adicional para la fiscalidad. Dado que la OCDE ha publicado en 2020 un extenso proyecto sobre el Pilar Uno —un proyecto que abarca todos los aspectos de su diseño y aplicación—, se plantea la cuestión crucial de si una directiva de la UE sobre el Pilar Uno debería seguir completamente el proyecto de la OCDE o debería diferir de este proyecto en aspectos específicos. El documento sostiene que una directiva de la UE sobre el Pilar Uno debería diferir del proyecto de la OCDE en al menos tres aspectos: las normas de alcance con respecto a la identificación de las Empresas Multinacionales cubiertas por el Pilar Uno, el tratamiento de las «entidades pagadoras» que crean filiales frente al tratamiento de las entidades pagadoras que crean sucursales en la jurisdicción del mercado, y el enfoque de la ventanilla única. El documento sostiene que sería conveniente apartarse de la guía de la OCDE en estos aspectos a la luz, respectivamente, de las normas sobre ayudas de Estado, de la necesidad de garantizar la coherencia con las libertades fundamentales y del objetivo de simplificación administrativa, en consonancia con la estrategia a largo plazo indicada en la Comunicación COM(2021)251 final.
Tumba en Venecia, Italia
Authors: Alberto Campo Baeza
Published: October 2022

IL CIELO IN TERRA. Querríamos hacer la tumba más hermosa del mundo, y a la vez la más sencilla. En un pequeño solar dentro del Cementerio Capoluogo en S. Doná di Piave en Venecia. Será una caja umbría, atravesada por la luz, un cubo de hormigón armado de 3x3x3 m. Para llevar la luz a su interior, horadamos los seis planos cuadrados que conforman el cubo en sus esquinas, un hueco cuadrado de 60x60 cm en cada plano Isotrópicamente, de manera que nunca coincidan dos huecos en un mismo triedro.
Gênero e Alteridade: um ensaio sobre o filme “Mother of George”
Authors: Rosa Rogério Machado , Corrêa de Moraes Marta , De Freitas Silveira Luciana
Published: October 2022

Este ensaio diz das tantas questões suscitadas pelo filme “Mother of George”, de Andrew Dosunmu, EUA, 2013. Falamos aqui sobre aquilo que nos aconteceu enquanto espectadores(as) da obra. Compartilhamos o modo como os nossos corpos e olhares foram atravessados pelo filme, quer dizer, o estado de sensibilização estético-política instaurado em nós. Com essa intenção, apresentamos rastros deste encontro com os personagens Adenike e Ayodele, casal nigeriano que vive no Brooklyn e tece cotidianamente as linhas que envolvem a (im)possibilidade de conceber um bebê. Como expectadores(as) inquietos(as), somos envolvidos(as) pela vida que pulsa em um cenário no qual gênero, alteridade, natalidade, tradição, matriarcado, sofrimento, cuidado e arranjos familiares anunciam formas de (re)existência à cidade e ao grotesco emoldurado pelos olhares da branquitude. Acompanhamos os passos dos(as) personagens pelas avenidas da cidade e ao seguir suas marcas viajamos entre rapidez, lentidão, desterritorialização e acontecimentos que dão contorno, movimento e desfecho ao filme.
Perguntas de discentes e docentes como disparadoras de/para experiências estéticas no processo de alfabetização
Authors: Frambach Fernanda de Araújo
Published: October 2022

Este texto traz algumas considerações decorrentes de uma pesquisa de Doutorado cujo objetivo principal foi compreender como as políticas públicas relacionadas à formação literária, aos espaços de leitura e à alfabetização são elaboradas e como estas são atuadas no contexto da prática de duas escolas de um município da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. Considerando que a literatura é um direito humano por desempenhar um fundamental papel na constituição da alteridade e da vivência social, argumentamos sobre a importância de que as crianças tenham acesso à experiência com a literatura e advogamos que a escola seja um espaço para a formação leitora a partir de práticas dialógicas e estéticas.  Esta pesquisa objetivou apresentar exemplos de práticas de atuação voltadas para a formação literária no contexto de duas escolas públicas, recorrendo para isso a entrevistas narrativas com diferentes profissionais. Os discursos demonstram como no contexto investigado as crianças são vistas enquanto sujeitos atuantes tanto nas ações como no planejamento destas e como as perguntas são pontos de partida significativos para o trabalho docente.
A sub-existência das sensibilidades na educação infantil: detalhes à margem na relação pedagógica
Authors: Ourique Maiane Liana Hatschbach , Bueno Tamara Insauriaga , Almeida Alessandra Londero
Published: October 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo principal reconhecer as múltiplas facetas de sub-existência e/ou subsistência das experiências estéticas nos contextos de Educação Infantil, percebendo as possibilidades que as crianças encontram para a compreensão de si e do outro e para manifestar e compartilhar vivências, ideias e questionamentos. A pesquisa segue a abordagem qualitativa de cunho hermenêutico e crítico, tendo como instrumentos de coleta o diário de bordo e as experiências de observações. A argumentação considera a complexidade das infâncias e a necessária transgressão estética para a compreensão da riqueza e singularidade da linguagem expressiva que as crianças carregam. No cotidiano da Educação Infantil, as manifestações das crianças, ainda que não reconhecidas pela professora, persistem como detalhes que navegam à margem das expectativas de uma prática curricular sedimentada.