bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Palmar digital vessel relaxation in healthy horses and in horses given carbohydrate
Authors: Schneider David A. , Parks Andrew H. , Eades Susan C. , Tackett Randall L.
Published: January 2024

Objective

To compare in vitro smooth muscle relaxation of palmar digital vessels from healthy horses with those from horses in the prodromal stage of experimentally (carbohydrate) induced laminitis.

Animals

16 adult horses.

Procedure

Segments of palmar digital vessels were obtained from 5 healthy horses and 6 horses given carbohydrate. Vascular rings from the palmar digital artery and vein were suspended in individual organ baths containing buffer solution and indomethacin; isometric tension was recorded, and contraction and relaxation were compared. Smooth muscle contraction in response to cumulative addition of phenylephrine was recorded in the absence and presence of 1 µM NG- nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). After wash out, vascular rings were preconstricted with phenylephrine (0.3 µM), and cumulative endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine-induced) and independent (nitroprusside-induced) smooth muscle relaxations were recorded in the absence or presence of L-NAME.

Results

Phenylephrine increased vascular smooth muscle tone in ring preparations of palmar digital arteries and veins. Addition of acetylcholine or nitroprusside induced relaxation of palmar digital artery and vein ring preparations. Use of L-NAME (1 µM) significantly reduced maximal relaxation induced by acetylcholine, but not by nitroprusside. Maximal relaxation induced by acetylcholine, but not by nitroprusside, was reduced in vascular rings prepared from carbohydrate-overloaded horses.

Conclusion and Clinical Relevance

Reduced endothelium-dependent relaxation of palmar digital vessels may have a role in the pathophysiology of acute laminitis after carbohydrate overload in horses. (Am J Vet Res 1999;60:233–239)
Heritability of recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis in Thoroughbred racehorses
Authors: MacLeay J. M. , Valberg S. J. , Sorum S. A. , Sorum M. D. , Kassube T. , Santschi E. M. , Mickelson J. R. , Geyer C. J.
Published: January 2024

Objective

To determine the likely mode of inheritance and identify probable foundation horses for recurrent exertional rhabdomyolysis (RER) in Thoroughbred (TB) racehorses.

Animals

4 families of TB racehorses with a high prevalence of RER, consisting of 3 to 53 horses/family, were used to determine mode of inheritance. Sixty-two TB horses with RER and 34 control TB racehorses without RER were used to identify probable foundation horses for the RER trait.

Procedure

RER was diagnosed by a veterinarian and verified by detecting high serum creatine kinase activity. Pedigrees dating from 1930 for all horses were entered into a database. Pedigrees of horses in 4 families were visually inspected for a pattern of inheritance and used for calculation of foundation horse contributions and inbreeding coefficients. The Markov chain Monte Carlo technique was used to analyze pedigrees of the 62 affected and 34 control horses for the conditional probability of foundation genotypes. A dominant mode of inheritance with variable expression model was used.

Results

Pedigree analysis supported an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance with variable expression. All affected horses from the 4 families shared a common ancestor. This ancestor and 5 other stallions had a conditional probability of 1.00 for being affected. All 6 stallions shared a common male ancestor within 3 to 5 generations.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

On the basis of this study, the RER trait has been in TB racehorses for more than 70 years and may be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with variable expression. (Am J Vet Res 1999;60:250–256)
Evaluation of severe disease induced by aerosol inoculation of calves with bovine respiratory syncytial virus
Authors: Woolums Amelia R. , Anderson Mark L. , Gunther Robert A. , Schelegle Edward S. , LaRochelle Danielle R. , Singer Randall S. , Boyle Gabrielle A. , Friebertshauser Kathleen E. , Gershwin Laurel J.
Published: January 2024

Objective

To develop a model of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) infection that induces severe disease similar to that seen in some cattle with naturally acquired BRSV infection.

Animals

25 male Holstein calves, 8 to 16 weeks old.

Procedure

17 calves were given a low-passage field isolate of BRSV by aerosolization; 8 control calves were given supernatant from noninfected cell culture. Disease was characterized by evaluating clinical signs, virus isolation and pulmonary function tests, and results of blood gas analysis, gross and histologic postmortem examination, and microbiologic testing.

Results

Cumulative incidence of cough, harsh lung sounds, adventitious sounds, and dyspnea and increases in rectal temperature and respiratory rate were significantly greater in infected calves. Three infected calves developed extreme respiratory distress and were euthanatized 7 days after inoculation. Virus was isolated from nasal swab specimens from all infected calves but not from mock infected calves. On day 7 after inoculation, mean Pao2 and Paco2 were significantly lower, and pulmonary resistance was significantly higher, in infected calves. During necropsy, infected calves had varying degrees of necrotizing and proliferative bronchiolitis and alveolitis with syncytial formation. The 3 calves euthanatized on day 7 had emphysematous bullae in the caudal lung lobes; 1 had unilateral pneumothorax.

Conclusion and Clinical Relevance

Severe disease similar to that seen in some cattle with naturally acquired BRSV infection can be induced in calves with a single aerosol exposure of a low-passage clinical isolate of BRSV. Our model will be useful for studying the pathogenesis of BRSV infection and for evaluating vaccines and therapeutics. (Am J Vet Res 1999;60:473-480)
Effect of high arterial carbon dioxide tension on efficiency of immunoglobulin G absorption in calves
Authors: Drewry Jacky J. , Quigley James D. , Geiser Dennis R. , Welborn Matthew G.
Published: January 2024

Objectives

To determine whether high PaCO2 reduced apparent efficiency of IgG absorption (AEA) in calves and whether assisted ventilation of calves with high PaCO2 increased AEA.

Animals

48 Holstein calves.

Procedures

Arterial and venous blood samples were collected 1, 13, and 25 hours after birth; an additional venous sample was collected at 37 hours after birth. Arterial samples were analyzed for PaCO2, PaO2, pH, and bicarbonate and base excess concentrations; venous samples were analyzed for plasma IgG concentrations. On the basis of 1-hour PaCO2, calves were assigned to nonrespiratory acidosis (PaCO2 < 50 mm Hg; n = 19) or respiratory acidosis (PaCO2 ≥ 50 mm Hg; 29) groups. Calves in the respiratory acidosis group were assigned randomly to receive no further treatment (n = 17) or to be given 5 minutes of assisted ventilation (12). All calves received between 1.8 and 2 L of colostrum 2, 14, 26, and 38 hours after birth. Plasma volume and AEA were determined 25 hours after birth.

Results

1-hour PaCO2 had no effect on AEA or on plasma IgG concentrations determined 13, 25, or 37 hours after birth. Artificial ventilation had no effect on plasma IgG concentration or AEA.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

Lack of effect of 1-hour PaCO2 on AEA and IgG concentration indicated that calves compensated for moderate acidbase imbalances associated with birth. Calves born with high PaCO2 achieved adequate plasma IgG concentrations if fed an adequate amount of high-quality colostrum early in life. The effect of artificial ventilation on PaCO2 was temporary and did not increase AEA. (Am J Vet Res 1999;60:609–614)
Serologic cross-reactivity of antibodies against Borrelia theileri, Borrelia burgdorferi, and Borrelia coriaceae in cattle
Authors: Rogers Arlin B. , Smith Ronald D. , Kakoma Ibulaimu
Published: January 2024

Objective

To evaluate the immune response induced by Borrelia theileri infection and to determine whether B theileri induces cross-reacting antibodies to other bovine borreliae.

Animals

Two 3-month-old calves, 1 of which was splenectomized.

Procedure

Calves were exposed to Boophilus microplus infected with B theileri. Rectal temperature, PCV, bacteremia, and clinical signs of infection were monitored. Serum was obtained weekly and used to evaluate the humoral response to homologous antigen and B burgdorferi and B coriaceae, using an indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) test, and to B burgdorferi, using a commercially available ELISA. The identity of cross-reacting antigens was explored, using monoclonal antibodies to genus- and species-specific antigens in an IFA test.

Results

B theileri-infected calves produced antibodies that cross-reacted with B burgdorferi and B coriaceae whole-cell antigens. Borrelia theileri whole-cell antigen was recognized by genus-specific monoclonal antibody H9724 but not by species-specific antibody H5332. False-positive reactions were not observed when serum from B theileri-infected calves was tested by use of the ELISA for B burgdorferi.

Conclusions

B theileri induces humoral responses in infected cattle that can be confused with those of other borrelial infections. Care must be taken to definitively distinguish between the various borreliae that may cause disease in cattle.

Clinical Relevance

Serologic cross-reactivity must be taken into account when making a serodiagnosis of Lyme borreliosis or epizootic abortion in epidemiologic studies involving cattle. (Am J Vet Res 1999; 60:694–697)
Effect of hypothyroidism on blood lipid concentrations in horses
Authors: Frank Nicholas , Sojka Janice E. , Latour Mickey A. , McClure Scott R. , Polazzi Lisa
Published: January 2024

Objective

To measure and compare concentrations of selected blood lipids before and after thyroidectomy in horses.

Animals

5 healthy adult mares.

Procedure

Mares were confirmed to be euthyroid. Thyroidectomy was performed, and hypothyroidism was confirmed. Selected blood lipid variables were measured before hypothyroidism was induced and weekly for 4 weeks after induction. Plasma concentrations of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) were measured. The composition of VLDL and LDL also was examined.

Results

Mean plasma concentrations of VLDL and LDL increased significantly after thyroidectomy. By 4 weeks after thyroidectomy, a ninefold increase in mean plasma concentration of VLDL and a threefold increase in LDL, compared with baseline values, were detected. After thyroidectomy, mean percentage of TG in VLDL increased significantly, whereas free cholesterol and cholesterol ester content decreased. Mean percentage of TG in LDL also increased by 3 to 4 weeks after thyroidectomy. Serum concentrations of TG and TC increased, whereas serum NEFA concentration decreased.

Conclusions

Hypothyroidism significantly alters blood lipid concentrations of horses. After thyroidectomy, markedly high VLDL concentration, appearance of TG-rich VLDL, increased serum concentrations of TG and TC, and decreased blood concentration of NEFA were evident.

Clinical Relevance

Examination of blood lipid concentrations of horses may be useful for detecting naturally acquired hypothyroidism. (Am J Vet Res 1999; 60:730-733)
Airway responses to histamine aerosol in clinically normal foals
Authors: Hoffman Andrew M. , Couetil Laurent L. , Miller Carrie J.
Published: January 2024

Objective

To describe the spectrum of nonspecific airway reactivity in a group of clinically normal foals.

Animals

12 clinically normal mixed-breed foals, 48 to 92 days old, without history of clinical lung disease.

Procedure

Nonspecific airway reactivity was determined by measuring the extent of changes in dynamic compliance during nebulization of incrementally increasing concentrations of histamine aerosol. Degree of airway reactivity was expressed as the dose of histamine that evoked a decrease in dynamic compliance (Cdyn) to 65% of the after saline nebulization value (PC65Cdyn) or increase in pulmonary resistance (RL) to 135% of baseline (PC135RL).

Results

In all foals, it was possible to induce a decrease in Cdyn in dose-dependent manner to ≤ 65% of baseline. Response of foals in terms of RL was more erratic, and, in 1 foal, RL decreased after histamine exposure. Mean ± SD PC65Cdyn was 5.43 ± 1.74 (range, 0.77 to 19.56) mg/ml, and mean PC135RL was 3.34 ± 1.52 (range, −0.749 to 17.35) mg/ml. Body weight was not correlated to baseline Cdyn, RL, PC65Cdyn, or PC135RL.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

Clinically normal foals had a wide range of airway reactivity, which may contribute to variation in clinical responses of foals to otherwise similar stimuli, such as infection, inflammation, and challenge exposure with environmental irritants. (Am J Vet Res 1999;60:965-968)
Effect of intravenous administration of furosemide on mass-specific maximal oxygen consumption and breathing mechanics in exercising horses
Authors: Bayly Warwick M. , Slocombe Ronald F. , Schott Harold C. , Hodgson David R.
Published: January 2024

Objectives

To determine whether IV administration of furosemide (250 mg) to horses before maximal exercise affected maximal oxygen consumption (V⃙o2max), breathing mechanics, or gas exchange during exercise.

Animals

7 healthy, well-conditioned Thoroughbred horses.

Procedures

5 horses initially performed an incremental treadmill exercise test to determine V⃙o2max 4 hours after IV administration of furosemide (250 mg IV) or placebo (saline [0.9% NaCl] solution). Time to fatigue and distance run were recorded. All 7 horses were then used to determine the effects of furosemide on gas exchange and breathing mechanics at 40, 60, 80, and 100% of V⃙o2max. Horses were weighed immediately before exercise.

Results

Furosemide treatment significantly increased mass-specific V⃙o2max (5.3%), but absolute V⃙o2max was not significantly altered. In the 2 parts of the study, body weights were 2.9 and 2.5% higher when horses were given placebo than when they were given furosemide. Time and distance run at speeds ≥ 11.0 m/s were significantly greater following furosemide administration. Furosemide treatment had no effect on breathing mechanics or gas exchange.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

Previous studies have suggested that prerace administration of furosemide may have a positive effect on performance. Results of this study indicate that this may be attributable, in part, to an increase in mass-specific V⃙o2max but not to improvements in breathing mechanics or gas exchange. Most of the increase in mass-specific V⃙o2max appeared to be attributable to weight loss associated with diuresis induced by furosemide. (Am J Vet Res 1999;60:1415–1422)
Effect of cow-specific factors and feeding frequency of concentrate on diurnal variations of blood metabolites in dairy cows
Authors: Eicher Richard , Liesegang Annette , Bouchard Emile , Tremblay Armand
Published: January 2024

Objective

To determine the effect of feeding frequency and cow-specific factors on diurnal variations of blood metabolites concentrations.

Animals

40 dairy cows from 2 herds.

Procedure

Each herd was fed concentrate at a specific feeding frequency (automatic vs twice daily). Blood samples were collected 4 times daily. Plasma concentrations of glucose, nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) were analyzed, and concentrations of urea, cholesterol, and total protein (TP) were determined in serum samples. A multivariate repeated-measures ANOVA was used to test the effect of time, feeding frequency, production group, parity, days after parturition, and daily milk yield on diurnal variations of metabolites.

Results

Concentrations of glucose, BHBA, and urea remained relatively constant in the herd that was fed by use of automatic distribution of concentrate; however, significant diurnal patterns were detected in the herd fed only twice daily. Only slight differences in glucose and urea concentrations were detected between high- and low-producing cows, but concentration of BHBA was significantly influenced by number of days in lactation. In contrast, diurnal variations in NEFA and cholesterol concentrations were similar between the 2 herds but differed with regard to production group. Concentrations of TP did not have relevant diurnal patterns and did not differ between production groups.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

Diurnal variations and feeding frequency affect glucose, BHBA, and urea concentrations in cows. In contrast, concentrations of NEFA, cholesterol, and TP appear to be less sensitive to time of sample collection. Feeding frequency, composition of feed, or both, have a major impact on blood metabolites concentrations. (Am J Vet Res 1999;60:1493–1499)
Scintigraphic evaluation of dogs with acute synovitis after treatment with glucosamine hydrochloride and chondroitin sulfate
Authors: Canapp Sherman O. , McLaughlin Ronald M. , Hoskinson James J. , Roush James K. , Butine Michael D.
Published: January 2024

Objective

To evaluate the effects of orally administered glucosamine hydrochloride (GIAm)–chondroitin sulfate (sCS) and GIAM–CS–S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) on chemically induced synovitis in the radiocarpal joint of dogs.

Animals

32 adult mixed-breed dogs.

Procedure

For 21 days, all dogs received a sham capsule (3 groups) or GIAm-CS (prior treatment group) in a double-blinded study. Unilateral carpal synovitis was induced by injecting the right radiocarpal joint with chymopapain and the left radiocarpal joint (control joint) with saline (0.9% NaCl) solution. Joints were injected on alternate days for 3 injections. After induction of synovitis, 2 groups receiving sham treatment were given GIAm-CS or GIAm-CS–SAMe. Another group continued to receive sham capsules (control group). Joint inflammation was quantified, using nuclear scintigraphy, before injection of joints and days 13, 20, 27, 34, 41, and 48 after injection. Lameness evaluations were performed daily.

Results

Dogs given GIAm-CS before induction of synovitis had significantly less scintigraphic activity in the soft-tissue phase 48 days after joint injection, significantly less uptake in the bone phase 41 and 48 days after joint injection, and significantly lower lameness scores on days 12 to 19, 23, and 24 after injection, compared with other groups.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance

Analysis of results of this study suggest that prior treatment with GIAm-CS for 21 days had a protective effect against chemically induced synovitis and associated bone remodeling. Prior treatment with GIAm-CS also reduced lameness in dogs with induced synovitis. (Am J Vet Res 1999;60:1552–1557)
Class III malocclusions treated with the Begg technique
Authors: Kameda Akira
Published: January 2024

Class III malocclusion is the commonest form of malocclusion requiring treatment in Japan. Three clinical cases are discussed to illustrate the principles of treating Class III malocclusions at particular stages in the development of the occlusion. In the mixed dentition, expansion mechanics allow accommodation of canines and premolars. The second case shows the use of an orthopaedic chin cap appliance during the pubertal growth period followed by fixed appliances to align teeth and form a stable occlusion. The third case illustrates the management of Class III malocclusion in the non-growing adult.
Practice Management - the future, now!
Authors: Cook Richard G.
Published: January 2024

This article will review systems available to enhance practice administration using electronic data processing; areas of practice management which may be advantaged by computerisation; the advantages and disadvantages to be expected in each area; priorities and order of commitment; and the steps involved in selection and installation of a computer system in orthodontic practice.
Some random recollections of the growth and development of orthodontics in New South Wales, and Australia, between 1957 and 1969
Authors: Reading John F.
Published: January 2024

The A.S.O. was founded by four orthodontists at the 1927 Melbourne Dental Congress. In 1958, when the N.S.W. Branch comprised eleven full members and thirty-two associates, the first Clinical Day for country members was held. The N.S.W. Branch organised a XVth anniversary clinical day at the Regent of Sydney on 20th June, 1984.

The growth and development of the N.S.W. Branch between 1957 and 1969 was recalled with reference to the first Australian Orthodontic Congress in Sydney in 1961, the Edmond Charles Gates Memorial prize, the Orthodontic Study Club and the establishment of a graduate study program at the University of Sydney. Mention was also made of similar highlights in this period in other States, such as the evolution of the Australian Orthodontic Journal, the Case of the Year competition, the first Begg lightwire course in Adelaide, and first edgewise course in Melbourne.

The locations of the early orthodontic practices in Sydney were recorded, as well as the role in the society’s progress by the University Club.
Case Report - Begg Medallion 1986
Authors: Reading John Frederick
Published: January 2024

This case report was awarded the Begg Medallion in 1986. A lengthy period of pretreatment investigation and serial extraction culminated in the need to extract eight permanent teeth. Post-treatment retention and subsequent observation is recorded with photographic results seven years after the completion of active treatment with the Begg Appliance.
Profile of Students' Critical Thinking Skills in 3D Module Learning Material on Gas Kinetic Theory with Inquiry Model
Authors: Lintangesukmanjaya Rahmatta Thoriq , Prahani* Binar Kurnia , Marianus Marianus , Wibowo Firmanul Catur , Costu Bayram , Arymbekov Beken
Published: January 2024

The increasingly difficult educational challenges and needs in today's modern world require interactive learning. The research was conducted to know students' critical thinking skills (CTS) in the kinetic gas theory material. Another goal is, as an initial observation, to develop learning methods with guided inquiry learning models assisted by android-based 3D modules in kinetic gas theory material. The research population was all class XI students at Tuban 2 Public High School in 2022/2023 as majoring in Mathematics and Natural Sciences. The research was conducted in 5 classes with the same distribution of questions and questionnaires. As secondary data, the researcher added several articles relevant to the research. The results of this study using several questions on kinetic gas theory material for class X1 were that students needed to be more able to answer each question with indicators of critical thinking. The student's obstacle in answering the questions lies in the need for more understanding of kinetic gas theory material and the not yet maximal use of the method in the current teaching and learning process. The resulting inquiry learning in the future will change the CTS of Tuban 2 Public High School students in the kinetic gas theory.
The Infrastructural Sublime
Authors: Rolfsted Mortensen Lars
Published: January 2024

Dams in the Swiss Alps are at once engineering marvels, dramatic man-made artefacts, crucial nodes in far-reaching infrastructural systems, and destructive interventions in alpine ecosystems. The essay explores the contradictory nature of dams in the Swiss Alps through the author’s photographs and the experience of the infrastructural sublime. By focusing on the coming together of rockface and cast concrete shell within the images, the dams appear as distinct naturecultures interwoven with the flows and forces of the alpine landscape. Using the sublime as a lens to describe the aesthetic experience, the essay proposes the possibility of gaining environmental consciousness and humility of the vast impact of dams, through the encounter of the infrastructural sublime.
Cover image: Lars Rolfsted Mortensen, Dixence I from the series “Infra/Super/Structure”, 2017, 128 x 160cm inkjet print
Characteristics of Epilepsy Outpatients Sufferer at Bali Mandara Hospital in January - December 2019
Authors: Saraswati Putu Dewinadya
Published: January 2024

Background: Epilepsy is one of the chronic neurologic disease that often found the cases. Epilepsy is a global health issue that affected 50 million people around the world Objective: This study aims to determine the characteristics of epilepsy outpatients in Bali Mandara Regional Hospital in January-December 2019. Method: The method used in this study was a cross sectional descriptive study using secondary data of patient medical records. Obtained data that met the inclusion criteria was 149. Data analyzed by using SPSS 20 program. Results: The most frequent age category is 0-17 years about 57%, more often in male about 51%, dominant etiology is idiopathic about 65,8%, the most common type of seizure was generalize about 69.8%, anti-epileptic drugs that frequently used was carried out in the form of monotherapy about 50,3%. Conclusion: The most common age category is 0-17 years, male slightly more than female, idiopathic epilepsy is more frequently happened, most common type of seizure was generalized, monotherapy and polytherapy anti-epileptic drugs is almost the same but primarily in the form of monotherapy is the most received by the patients

Keywords: epilepsy, characteristics, anti epileptic drug
RISK FACTORS AND ESOPHAGOGASTRODUODENOSCOPY FINDINGS ON NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS USER AT SANGLAH HOSPITAL 2016-2018
Authors: Magat Renaldy Frederich Nathanael , Wibawa I Dewa Nyoman , Somayana Gde , Mariadi I Ketut
Published: January 2024

The use of non-stereoidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for a certain time and dose can cause abnormalities in the digestive tract ranging from asymptomatic, ulcers, bleeding to perforation. This study aims to determine the distribution of the proportion of patients with abnormality in gastric and duodenal due to NSAIDs based on esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) results, age, gender, H. Pylori infection, type of NSAIDs, history of smoking, history of anticoagulants, history of corticosteroids and risk factors for EGD abnormalities in the gastric and duodenal due to NSAIDs use at Sanglah General Hospital in 2016-2018.
This study is a retrospective cross-sectional study based on the medical records of patients who underwent endoscopy at Sanglah General Hospital in 2016-2018. The sampling technique was total sampling, then all data were analyzed using bivariate analysis of the chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis.
From 92 patients who met the criteria, men (54.3%) and women (45.7%) with the majority of the age group ³ 60 years (95.7%), EGD abnormalities were obtained in the form of superficial gastritis (33.7%), erosival gastritis (28.3%), gastric ulcer (28.3%), duodenal ulcer (5.4%). With ulcer characteristic are Forrest III (90.3%) and  single (74.2%). The majority of patients used non-selective NSAIDs (94.5%), namely ketorolac 30 mg (40.2%). From the biopsy examination, the patient had H. pylori infection (20.5%). Based on medical records, the patients had a history of smoking (59.8%). Patients also found a history of use of anticoagulants (16.3%) and corticosteroids (35.9%). In this study, there was a significant relationship between H. pylori infection and severe EGD abnormalities in NSAID users (P = 0.012).
In this study, there were no independent risk factors for severe EGD abnormalities in NSAID users, but there was a significant relationship between H. pylori infection and severe EGD abnormalities in NSAID users
Keywords : NSAIDs, EGD, EGD abnormalities in NSAIDs user.
PROFIL EFEK SAMPING DARI PENGGUNAAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI ORAL DAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI IUD DI PUSKESMAS ABIANSEMAL I PERIODE TAHUN 2017-2019
Authors: Janitra Gede Indrajaya
Published: January 2024

Peningkatan penduduk merupakan masalah yang sedang dihadapi oleh negara kita yaitu Indonesia. Alat kontrasepsi merupakan suatu alat dan metode yang digunakan untuk mencegah kehamilan. Tetapi dalam pemakaiananya terdapat juga efek samping yang dapat timbul. Untuk mengetahui profil efek samping dari penggunaan alat kontrasepsi oral dan alat kontrasepsi IUD di Puskesmas Abiansemal I periode tahun 2017-2019. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode pengambilan data dengan cara retrospektif yaitu dengan menggunakan rekam medis pasien. Dari data yang diambil yang menggunakan alat kontrasepsi oral sebanyak 8 orang dan efek samping yang paling banyak terjadi adalah sakit kepala dan mual muntah. Pada alat kontrasepsi IUD dari 43 orang yang paling banyak terjadi adalah nyeri perut sebanyak 40 orang dan pendarahan sebanyak 28 orang. Dari data yang diambil diketahui bahwa berbagai macam efek samping dapat terjadi dikarenakan pemakaian alat kontrasepsi dan dapat lebih dari 1 efek samping yang terjadi pada 1 pasien. Pada alat kontrasepsi oral efek samping yang muncul paling banyak adalah sakit kepala dan mual muntah. Pada alat kontrasepsi IUD yang paling banyak muncul adalah nyeri perut dan perdarahan. Hal ini disebabkan oleh perubahan hormone yang terjadi didalam tubuh pasien diakibatkan oleh penggunaan alat kontrasepsi oral dan pada alat kontrasepsi IUD dikarenakan dianggap sebagai benda asing oleh tubuh.Kata kunci : alat kontrasepsi oral, alat kontrasepsi IUD, efek samping
VALIDASI KRITERIA MINOR PADA DERMATITIS ATOPIK
Authors: Sadeli Marrietta Sugiarti , Wardhana Made
Published: January 2024

Dermatitis atopik adalah penyakit kulit inflamatif kronis, disebut juga eksema atopik, prurigo besnier, neurodermatitis diseminata. Diagnosis dermatitis atopik berdasarkan keluhan dan gambaran klinis. Hanifin Rajka telah membuat kriteria diagnosis untuk dermatitis atopik yang didasarkan pada kriteria mayor dan minor yang sampai sekarang masih banyak digunakan. Kriteria mayor dan beberapa kriteria minor pada setiap pusat pelayanan berbeda-beda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari frekuensi, sensitivitas dan spesifisitas kriteria minor dan nilai pH. Ini merupakan sebuah studi case-control untuk mengetahui frekuensi, sensitivitas dan spesifisitas kriteria minor dan nilai pH pada pasien dermatitis atopik di RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar. Terdapat 29 kasus dan 24 kontrol, dihitung sensitivitas, spesifisitas, nilai prediktif positif dan nilai prediktif negatif pada masing-masing kriteria minor. Xerosis memiliki nilai sensitivitas yang paling tinggi, sebesar 89,6 %. Dari 23 kriteria minor, beberapa diantaranya diteliti pada studi ini. Tanda yang paling sering dijumpai adalah xerosis/kulit kering terjadi pada 26 kasus diikuti kecendungan infeksi kulit berulang terjadi pada 25 kasus dan awitan dini pada 24 kasus.  Dengan hasil validasi, sensitivitas tertinggi pada Xerosis sebesar 89.6%, spesifisitas dan PPV tertinggi pada Dennie-Morgan infraorbital sebesar masing-masing 91,6% dan 90% dan NPV tertinggi pada tanda Xerosis sebesar 84,2%. Temuan lain berupa hasil pengukuran nilai pH terbanyak pada nilai pH tinggi (>5,5) sebesar 23 kasus dengan sensitivitas sebesar 79,3%.

Kata kunci: validasi, kriteria diagnosis, kriteria minor, kriteria mayor, dermatitis atopik, eksema atopik
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KUALITAS TIDUR DENGAN DAYA INGAT JANGKA PENDEK PADA MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI SARJANA KEDOKTERAN DAN PROFESI DOKTER ANGKATAN TAHUN 2019, FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA
Authors: Cindranela Ervina
Published: January 2024

Quality sleep is beneficial for the body's regulatory processes and cognitive functions such as memory. Memory is the process of changing and responding to information to adapt to the external environment. Changes in environmental patterns and behavior have an impact on sleep quality and memory. The population at risk for this impact is students. This study was conducted to determine the correlation between sleep quality and short-term memory with a cross sectional study. This research was conducted to 45 Udayana Medical students. The measuring instruments used were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Short-Term Memory Digit Span Test. Of 45 respondents, it was found that the distribution of sleep quality was 22.2% of respondents with good sleep quality, 13.3% of respondents with adequate sleep quality and 64.4% of respondents with poor sleep quality. The average short-term memory of respondents was 19.20. The results of the Spearman's Rank correlation test obtained a significance value of 0.426 (p> 0.05). There was no significant correlation between sleep quality and short-term memory. 

Keywords: sleep quality, short-term memory, PSQI, Short-Term Memory Digit Span Test
EVALUASI STATUS STRUKTURAL, STATUS FUNGSIONAL, DAN KOMPLIKASI PASCA INTERVENSI FRAKTUR ANKLE BIMALLEOLAR: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Indraswari Made Ratna Savitri , Subawa I Wayan , Wiguna I Gusti Lanang Ngurah Agung Artha , Dusak I Wayan Suryanto
Published: January 2024

Fraktur ankle bimalleolar merupakan jenis fraktur yang menyebabkan ketidakstabilan pada struktur anatomis sendi ankleatau sendi talokrural. Fraktur ini berpotensi menimbulkan gejala sisa pada pasien sehingga diperlukan manajemen intervensi adekuat untuk mengembalikan kondisi struktur maupun fungsi optimal. Systematic review ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hasil evaluasi status struktural, status fungsional, dan komplikasi pasca intervensi fraktur ankle bimalleolar. Protokol PRISMA digunakan untuk menentukan langkah sistematis dan kriteria eligibility (kelayakan) sebagai pedoman menyeleksi artikelpenelitian. Rentangan tahun publikasi artikel penelitian adalah 2015-2020. Penilaian kualitas dan risiko bias dilakukan dengan kriteria OCEBM dan Cochrane. Sejumlah 7 artikel penelitian dari 249 artikel yang berpotensi diinklusi. Total subjek 496 (14-91 tahun) melaporkan hasil evaluasi intervensi operatif dan 1 studi melakukan perbandingan konservatif. Sebanyak 99,6% (n=494) subjek mencapai union, sedangkan non-union ditemukan pada 2 subjek dengan tindakan konservatif. Instabilitas struktural ditemukan pada 6 subjek dengan medial clear space > 4mm. Status fungsional dengan AOFAS, OMA, dan Biard and Jackson didapatkan 98,9% pada rentang sedang-baik, 5 subjek melaporkan skor buruk, dan tidak ada subjek melaporkan restriksi fungsional. Untuk komplikasi, kondisi yang ditemukan paling umum yaitu nyeri sedang 43,1%, osteoarhtitis ankle grade 1, serta infeksi superfisial dan dalam yang sembuh dengan intervensi antibiotik. Capaian status struktural union sangat tinggi (99,6%), namun 2 subjek mengalami non-union pada kelompok intervensi konservatif. Status fungsional pasien tercapai pada kategori sedang-sangat baik (98,9%) dan tanpa adanya restriksi fungsional meskipun terdapat 5 subjek dengan skor buruk. Komplikasi yang muncul pada pasien umumnya adalah nyeri sedang (43,1%), osteoarthritis ankle grade 1, serta infeksi superfisial dan dalam.

Kata kunci :  evaluasi pasca intervensi, fraktur ankle bimalleolar
Perbandingan Kekuatan Otot Tangan dan Kaki Penari Jauk Keras dengan Kebyar Duduk pada Mahasiswa di Institut Seni Indonesia Denpasar
Authors: Suwarya Eka Aditya Pradnya , Sri Handari Adiputra Luh Made Indah , Tirtayasa Ketut
Published: January 2024

Pendahuluan: Tarian tradisional yang banyak diminati masyarakat seperti Tari Jauk Keras dan Tari Kebyar Duduk yang sering diperlombakan oleh pemerintah maupun masyarakat di Provinsi Bali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis perbedaan kekuatan otot tangan dan otot kaki Penari Jauk Keras dengan Penari Kebyar Duduk pada mahasiswa Institut Seni Indonesia Denpasar. Metode: Penelitian inferensial ini menggunakan metode uji-t. Populasi yang digunakan sebanyak 58 orang mahasiswa laki-laki dengan sampel sebanyak 36 orang yang diklasifikasikan 18 orang penari Tari Jauk Keras dan 18 Tari Kebyar Duduk. Hasil: Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa data yang diperoleh berdistribusi normal dan bersifat homogen. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada kekuatan otot tangan kanan antara penari Tari Jauk Keras sebesar 30,3333 kg dengan penari Tari Kebyar Duduk sebesar 26,0883 kg sedangkan kekuatan otot tangan kiri antara penari Tari Jauk Keras dan penari Tari Kebyar Duduk tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan. Kekuatan otot kaki penari pada kedua jenis tari ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan yaitu pada penari Tari Kebyar Duduk mempunyai rata-rata kekuatan otot kaki lebih besar yaitu 61,9167 kg sedangkan penari Tari Jauk Keras dengan rata-rata 48,222 kg. Simpulan: Mahasiswa di Institut Seni Indonesia Denpasar yang mengambil kompetensi Tari Jauk Keras dijumpai memiliki kekuatan otot tangan kanan lebih besar daripada penari Kebyar Duduk, dengan kekuatan otot tangan kiri penari pada kedua tarian tersebut hasilnya sama, sementara itu kekuatan otot kaki penari Kebyar Duduk mendapatkan hasil lebih besar daripada penari Jauk Keras.

Kata kunci :  Tari Jauk Keras, Tari Kebyar Duduk, Otot tangan, Otot Kaki, uji-t
THE RELATIONSHIP OF SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR TO BODY MASS INDEX AND WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE IN STUDENTS OF THE UNDERGRADUATE STUDY PROGRAM OF MEDICINE AND MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, UDAYANA UNIVERSITY CLASS OF 2019-2020
Authors: Sugandhi Adhe , Ayu Widianti I Gusti , Muliani Muliani , Yuliana Yuliana
Published: January 2024

Sedentary behavior is the behavior of individuals who do less movement and use little energy. This has become a problem in the world and Indonesia in this era of accelerating globalization. Especially for medical students, the academic demands of students make this behavior often occur among students. Medical students are required to have good academic grades to perform complex tasks making this behavior unavoidable. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of sedentary behavior to body mass index and waist circumference in students of the undergraduate study program of medicine and medical professionals, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University class of 2019-2020. This research was conducted using an analytical observational method with a cross sectional approach. The number of samples in this study amounted to 93 students with a sampling technique that is simple random sampling. Sedentary behavior, body mass index, and waist circumference were measured using a questionnaire based on the respondents' memories that were distributed online. The results of the chi-square analysis showed a significant value between sedentary behavior and body mass index (p=0.013), but not with sedentary behavior and waist circumference (p=0.553). The results of this study are expected that students can reduce sedentary behavior and increase physical activity in order to avoid a bad body mass index status.
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN KONSENTRASI MADU KELE TERHADAPaPERTUMBUHAN BAKTERIaMETHICILLINaRESISTANTaSTAPHYLOCOCCUSaAUREUSa(MRSA)
Authors: Ekaputra Ariel , Wiryanthini Ida Ayu Dewi , Sutadarma I Wayan Gede
Published: January 2024

Luka adalah tempat dimana terputusnya kontinuitas dari jaringan kulit dan jaringan dalam,ediskontinuitas ini menjadi jalur masuk bagi mikroorganisme patogen sehingga dapat menyebabkan infeksi. Infeksiadarialuka seringkali disebabkan oleh bakteriaStaphylococcus Aureus. Seiring dengan penggunaan antibiotik yang berlebihan maka kemudian terjadinya resistensi, kemudian muncul suatu strain baru yaitu Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah Madu Kele Sanjiwani dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus dan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan daya antibakteri Madu Kele Sanjiwani dengan konsentrasi 12,5%, 25%, 50%, 100% terhadap pertumbuhan Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus. Madu seringkali digunakan dalam pengobatan sebagai bahan pembalut luka, luka bakar. Madu digunakan sebagai pembalut luka karena dipercaya memiliki beberapa sifat yang mendukung fungsinya yaitu sifat antibakteri, anti inflamasi, dan antioksidan. Sifat antibakteri dikaitkan dengan kadar gula yang tinggi, tingkat pH yang rendah, dan kandungan Hidrogen Peroksidanya. Madu Kele Sanjiwani yang merupakan madu yang dihasilkan di Bali, Indonesia digunakan sebagai sampel pada studi ini. Sebelumnya belum ada penelitian lain yang menggunakan Madu Kele Sanjiwani dan mencari tahu mengenai efek antibakterinya. Madu Kele Sanjiwani kemudian diencerkan menjadi 4 kelompok konsentrasi yaituk12,5%, 25%, 50%, dank100%, dilanjutkan uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode disk diffusion. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan konsentrasi 100% menghasilkan zona hambat dengan rerata diameter 7mm sedangkan kelompok konsentrasi lainnya tidak memiliki zona hambat. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa hanya Madu Kele Sanjiwani dengan konsentrasi 100% yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus.

Kata Kunci: Madu Kele., antibakteri., MethicilliniResistantiStaphylococcusiAureusi(MRSA)
HUBUNGAN ANTARA JENIS MASKER DENGAN KELUHAN PERNAPASAN PENGEMUDI OJEK ONLINE DI KOTA DENPASAR
Authors: Kusumaningrum Cornelia Ayu , Griadhi I Putu Adiartha , Muliarta I Made , Purnawati Susy
Published: January 2024

Pendahuluan: Pengemudi ojek online memiliki mobilitas sehari-hari yang cukup tinggi. Mobilitas tinggi terlebih pada saat jam-jam sibuk menjadikan pengemudi ojek online berpotensi menerima pajanan lebih banyak dibanding dengan profesi lain yang juga bekerja dijalanan. Pajanan yang diterima dapat menyebabkan berbagai keluhan pernapasan pada pengemudi ojek online. Keluhan pernapasan dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor seperti jenis masker, derajat merokok, status gizi, masa bekerja, dan juga lama pajanan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara jenis masker dengan keluhan pernapasan pengemudi ojek online di Kota Denpasar.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan pengambilan sampel dengan metode konsekutif. Kuesioner dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat nilai perilaku pekerja, derajat merokok, status gizi, dan jenis masker serta keluhan pernapasan pengemudi ojek online. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang dengan desain penelitian observasional. Hubungan antar variabel dievaluasi menggunakan uji Chi-Square dan uji regresi logistik.

Hasil: Penelitian ini melibatkan 97 pengemudi ojek online di Kota Denpasar dengan kriteria eksklusi. Hasil uji Chi-Square menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara jenis masker dengan keluhan pernapasan pengemudi ojek online (p<0,05). Hasil uji regresi logistik juga menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara jenis masker dengan keluhan pernapasan pengemudi ojek online bermakna secara signifikan (p<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara jenis masker dengan keluhan pernapasan pengemudi ojek online. Namun, masih diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut yang melakukan kontrol terhadap variabel pengganggu pada jumlah sampel yang lebih besar.

Kata kunci :  jenis masker, keluhan pernapasan, pengemudi ojek online.
GAMBARAN KETERSEDIAAN ALAT PELINDUNG DIRI PADA PESERTA PROGRAM PENDIDIKAN KEDOKTERAN SPESIALIS FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Ompusunggu Hillary Sekarningrum , Pinatih Gde Ngurah Indraguna , Duarsa Dyah Pradnyaparamita
Published: January 2024

Pandemi COVID-19 yang melanda dunia sejak Maret 2020 menyebabkan peningkatan beban kerja akibat angka kasus COVID-19. Peserta Program Pendidikan Kedokteran Spesialis (PPDS) merupakan salah satu kelompok tenaga kesehatan yang diikutsertakan dalam perang melawan virus SARS-CoV-2. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi keselamatan peserta PPDS dalam menangani pasien COVID-19 adalah ketersediaan Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) di rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran persepsi peserta PPDS Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana di Program Studi (Prodi) Ilmu Penyakit Paru, Ilmu Kesehatan THT-KL, Ilmu Penyakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah, Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, Prodi Anestesiologi dan Reanimasi, Prodi Ilmu Kebidanan dan Penyakit Kandungan, serta Prodi Ilmu Kesehatan Anak selama pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan deskriptif cross sectional. Data dikumpulkan melalui pengisian kuisioner mandiri secara daring dan luring pada satu waktu yang bersamaan. Responden dipilih secara convenient hingga didapatkan 224 sampel. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan analisis univariat. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa di ketujuh prodi rerata peserta PPDS mengaku merasa bahwa intitusi sudah memberikan APD yang cukup untuk kebutuhan di rumah sakit adalah sebesar 88,8%. Hal yang sama diakui 94,9% peserta PPDS Prodi Anestesiologi dan Reanimasi, 94,4% peserta PPDS Prodi Ilmu Penyakit Dalam sebesar, 93,3% peserta PPDS Prodi Ilmu Kesehatan THT-KL, 92,3% peserta PPDS Prodi Ilmu Kebidanan dan penyakit Kandungan, 90,0% peserta PPDS Prodi Ilmu Kesehatan Paru, 78,7% peserta PPDS Prodi Ilmu Kesehatan Anak, dan 66,7% peserta PPDS Prodi Ilmu Penyakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah sebesar 66,7%.

Kata Kunci: Kecukupan Alat Pelindung Diri, PPDS, Pandemi COVID-19
KARAKTERISTIK NYERI PASCA-OPERASI ORTOPEDI DI RSUP SANGLAH PERIODE OKTOBER-DESEMBER 2020
Authors: Eugenia Michelle , Dewi Dewa Ayu Mas Shintya , Senapathi Tjokorda Gde Agung , Wiryana I Made
Published: January 2024

Nyeri merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam menentukan kualitas hidup seseorang. Salah satu nyeri yang sering terjadi adalah nyeri akibat tindakan intervensi bedah atau operasi yang biasa sering disebut nyeri pasca-operasi. Apabila nyeri ini tidak ditangani dengan baik maka akan memengaruhi kualitas hidup pasien dan sangat berhubungan dengan penatalaksanaan nyeri tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik nyeri pasien pasca-operasi ortopedi melalui pendataan Acute Pain Service (APS) di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah pada periode Oktober-Desember 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode descriptive cross-sectional. Data yang digunakan diambil dari rekapan data sekunder Acute Pain Service (APS) di RSUP Sanglah. Total sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 195 pasien pasca-operasi ortopedi. Berdasarkan penelitian, diperoleh bahwa yang paling banyak menjalani operasi ortopedi adalah pasien laki-laki usia dewasa pada daerah ekstremitas inferior. Tatalaksana nyeri yang paling banyak digunakan adalah kombinasi obat intravena opioid dan oral parasetamol. Dari keseluruhan sampel, diperoleh paling banyak pasien mengalami intensitas nyeri ringan, yaitu 176 pasien (90,3%). Berdasarkan pembagian kelompok jenis kelamin, umur, jenis operasi, dan tatalaksana juga diperoleh bahwa sebagian besar pasien mengalami nyeri ringan.

Kata kunci :  Nyeri pasca-operasi, Operasi ortopedi, RSUP Sanglah
KARAKTERISTIK PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DENGAN MULTI DRUGS RESISTANT (TB-MDR) DI RSUP SANGLAH PADA TAHUN 2019-2020
Authors: Paramyta I Gusti Ayu Cintya , Iswari Ida Sri , Darwinata Agus Eka , Hendrayana Made Agus
Published: January 2024

ABSTRAK

 

Tuberkulosis (TB) adalahasalahasatuapenyakitainfeksi menularayangamasih menjadi perhatian di seluruh dunia. Terdapat 3 indikator untuk TB dengan High Burden Countries (HBC) yang telah didefinisikan oleh Badan Kesehatan Dunia yaitu, TB, TB/HIV, dan TB-MDR. Multi Drugs Resistant (MDR) merupakan permasalahan dalam pemberantasan TB terbesar di dunia. Penelitianaini merupakan penelitianadeskriptifa potong lintang yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasien tuberkulosis paru dengan multi drugs resistant di RSUP Sanglah pada tahun 2019-2020. Data penelitian ini diambil secara retrospektif dari database Sistem Informasi Tuberkulosis KEMENKES RI dan e-TB Manager RSUP Sanglah. Sampel merupakan pasien TB-MDR yang teregister dan menjalani pengobatan di RSUP Sanglah. Karakteristik pasien TB-MDR dijabarkan dalam bentuk tabel dan grafik. Karakteristik pasien TB-MDR didominasi oleh laki-laki dengan proporsi sebesar 65,2%. Pasien dengan usia 20-40 tahun memiliki jumlah tertinggi yaitu 11 orang (47,8%). Pasien yang bekerja sebagai IRT memiliki jumlah tertinggi yaitu 6 orang (26,1%) sama dengan proporsi pasien yang tidak bekerja yaitu 26,1%. Sebanyak 18 orang (78,3%) tidak memiliki komorbid. Status pengobatan pasien paling banyak adalah pasien dalam proses pengobatan yaitu 65,2%. Kriteria suspek pasien TB-MDR yang paling tinggi adalah pasien kasus baru sebesar 52,2%. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai karakteristik pasien TB-MDR dengan meneliti variabel yang lebih banyak serta center penelitian yang lebih luas

Kata kunci : Multi Drugs Resistant, Karakteristik, Tuberkulosis