bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Destinasyon Rekabetçilik Analizi: Kapadokya Bölgesi Örneği
Authors: AKIN Mehmet Halit , ÖZTÜRK Yüksel , KARAMUSTAFA Kurtuluş
Published: August 2020

Bilgi,
iletişim ve ulaşım teknolojilerindeki gelişimleriyle destinasyonlara ve sunulan
hizmetlere ilişkin bilgilere daha kolay ulaşılmakla birlikte uluslararası
seyahatlerin organizasyonu da daha kolay hale gelmektedir. Bu durum, turizm
faaliyetlerinin uluslararasılaşmasını sağlamakla birlikte destinasyonları ve
turizm işletmelerini daha yoğun bir rekabet ortamına taşımaktadır. Bu nedenle, destinasyon
rekabetçilik analizleri ilgili literatür de daha fazla önem kazanmaya
başlamaktadır. Bu alanda yapılmış olan birçok nitelikli çalışmaya ilave olarak
önemli bir kültür turizmi merkezi olan Kapadokya Bölgesine yönelik rekabetçilik
analizinin yapılması ilgili bilgi birikimine ilave katkılar oluşturması
açısından önemli olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Kapadokya Bölgesini ziyaret eden
yabancılara konaklama işletmelerinde "bırak ve topla" yöntemi,
Kayseri Havaalanında da "yüz yüze" yöntemle uygulanan 401 adet anket
vasıtasıyla elde edilen veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiş ve Kapadokya'nın destinasyon rekabetçiliği
açısından güçlü unsurlara sahip olduğu, genel anlamda rekabetçi bir destinasyon
olduğu ve rekabetçilikte birincil derece önemli unsurların daimî kaynaklara,
ikincil derece önemli unsurların ise destek kaynaklara dayandığı sonucuna
varılmıştır.
Understanding the influence of 24-hour movement behaviours on the health and development of preschool children from low-income South African settings: the SUNRISE pilot study
Authors: Draper Catherine , Tomaz Simone A , Cook Caylee J , Jugdav Sasha S , Ramsammy Candice , Besharati Sahba , Van Heerden Alastair , Vilakazi Khanya , Cockcroft Kate , Howard Steven J , Okely Anthony D
Published: August 2020

Background: The International Study of Movement Behaviours in the Early Years, SUNRISE, was initiated to assess the extent to which young children meet movement behaviour guidelines (physical activity, sedentary behaviour, screen time, sleep). Objective: The South African SUNRISE pilot study assessed movement behaviours in preschool children from two low-income settings, and associations between these movement behaviours, adiposity, motor skills and executive function (EF).

Methods: Preschool child/parent pairs (n = 89) were recruited from preschools in urban Soweto and rural Sweetwaters. Height and weight were measured to assess adiposity. Physical activity was assessed using accelerometers while sedentary behaviour, screen time and sleep were assessed via parent report. Fine and gross motor development were measured using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3, and EF was assessed using the Early Years Toolbox.

Results: The proportion of children meeting the physical activity guideline was 84% , 66% met the sleep guideline ,48% met the screen time guideline , and 26% met all three guidelines. Rural children were more active, but spent more time on screens compared to urban children. Most children were on track for gross (96%) and fine motor (73%) development, and mean EF scores were in the expected range for all EF measures. EF was negatively associated with screen time, and gross motor skills were positively associated with physical activity.

Conclusion: The South African SUNRISE study contributes to the growing literature on 24-hour movement behaviours in SA preschool children, and highlights that these behaviours require attention in this age group.
Ethics of COVID-19-related school closures
Authors: Silverman Michael , Sibbald Robert , Stranges Saverio
Published: August 2020

COVID-19 mitigation strategies have led to widespread school closures around the world. Initially, these were undertaken based on data from influenza outbreaks in which children were highly susceptible and important in community-wide transmission. An argument was made that school closures were necessary to prevent harm to vulnerable adults, especially the elderly. Although data are still accumulating, the recently described complication, pediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome, is extremely rare and children remain remarkably unaffected by COVID-19. We also do not have evidence that children are epidemiologically important in community-wide viral spread. Previous studies have shown long-term educational, social, and medical harms from school exclusion, with very young children and those from marginalized groups such as immigrants and racialized minorities most affected. The policy and ethical implications of ongoing mandatory school closures, in order to protect others, need urgent reassessment in light of the very limited data of public health benefit.
Arbitration vs Litigation – Has the Business Mindset Used the Mandatory Arbitration Clause/Agreement to Compromise the Right to Trial to Resolve Business Disputes in the United States
Authors: Reams Lester C.
Published: August 2020

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to reveal whether the business mindset has used the mandatory arbitration clauses/agreements to compromise the US consumer’s right to a trial to resolve business disputes in the United States. Methodology. The results of the study were obtained by the following methods: systematic and comparative methods – to determine the essence and peculiarities of historical business behavior, business ethics and mindset; time, cost and mindset factors in arbitration vs litigation from the businesses’ and consumers’ perspectives; analysis and synthesis methods – to reveal the complex historic factors and interests that pre-determined the formation and application of arbitration. Findings. In accordance with the study objectives, the author: 1) identified that business mindset was focused on making a profit and doing whatever it takes to make that profit and achieve the ambition of the business owner(s); 2) observed that companies’ bend towards arbitration in the US developed as a way to avoid profit loss and avoid obstacles that would impede business for achieving it ambition due to high cost and duration of litigation; 3) revealed that there was concerted effort between business and pro-business supporters to favor the use of mandatory arbitration, which waived the right to trial; 4) discovered that actions to ban mandatory arbitration have been pre-empted by the Federal Arbitration Act; 5) unveiled that during COVID 19, while jury trials are on hold, proceedings whether litigation or arbitration are still taking place remotely; 6) concluded that the business mindset used the mandatory arbitration clause/agreement to compromise the right to trial to resolve business disputes in the United States. Originality. The author offers original insights and interpretation of historic factors leading to the development and transformation of arbitration, as an alternative to litigation, system and procedures. The article contains original analysis of the newest events and practical outcomes of the status-quo of the US Legal System. Practical value. In the light of a growing consumer backlash as result of the abuses occurring in the arbitration process, the article may serve as a methodological and theoretical basis for further development of American business legislation in the part of dispute resolution. The United States Elections of 2020 will be a determinant of the fate of mandatory arbitration and the right to trial.
Bilateral internal iliac artery ligation: the procedure of choice in life threatening postpartum haemorrhage
Authors: Darawade Sameer P. , Wagle Arti A. , Trivedi Sneha , Manwani Saloni
Published: August 2020

Background: The present study was to assess the indication and study the intraoperative and postoperative complications of bilateral internal iliac artery ligation. Aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of internal iliac artery ligation in arresting postpartum haemorrhage.Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out between January 2015 to December 2018 at Shrimati Kashibai Navale Medical College and General Hospital, Pune. This study included 48 patients with life-threatening PPH. Bilateral internal iliac artery ligation was done by anterior approach in 7 patients and by posterior approach in 41 patients.Results: Intraoperative and postoperative complications were noted in all patients. Of the total patients, 10 required massive blood transfusion and 12 underwent obstetrical hysterectomies (n=12; 25%). Internal iliac vein injury was seen in 1 patient (n=1; 2.08%) and external vein thrombosis was noted in 3 patients (n=3; 6.25%). Maternal mortality was observed in 1 patient due to DIC on day 9 (n=1; 2.08%). The uterine salvage rate was 75%.Conclusions: Internal iliac artery ligation (IIAL) safe, rapid, effective, time tested method of controlling bleeding from genital tract.
Application Research of Deep Convolutional Neural Network in Computer Vision
Authors: Wang Lei
Published: August 2020

As an important research achievement in the field of brain like computing, deep convolution neural network has been widely used in many fields such as computer vision, natural language processing, information retrieval, speech recognition, semantic understanding and so on. It has set off a wave of neural network research in industry and academia and promoted the development of artificial intelligence. At present, the deep convolution neural network mainly simulates the complex hierarchical cognitive laws of the human brain by increasing the number of layers of the network, using a larger training data set, and improving the network structure or training learning algorithm of the existing neural network, so as to narrow the gap with the visual system of the human brain and enable the machine to acquire the capability of "abstract concepts". Deep convolution neural network has achieved great success in many computer vision tasks such as image classification, target detection, face recognition, pedestrian recognition, etc. Firstly, this paper reviews the development history of convolutional neural networks. Then, the working principle of the deep convolution neural network is analyzed in detail. Then, this paper mainly introduces the representative achievements of convolution neural network from the following two aspects, and shows the improvement effect of various technical methods on image classification accuracy through examples. From the aspect of adding network layers, the structures of classical convolutional neural networks such as AlexNet, ZF-Net, VGG, GoogLeNet and ResNet are discussed and analyzed. From the aspect of increasing the size of data set, the difficulties of manually adding labeled samples and the effect of using data amplification technology on improving the performance of neural network are introduced. This paper focuses on the latest research progress of convolution neural network in image classification and face recognition. Finally, the problems and challenges to be solved in future brain-like intelligence research based on deep convolution neural network are proposed.
Dr. Fakhreddin Jamali: Pharmacist, Pharmaceutical Scientist and Mentor
Authors: Davies N.M , Brocks D. R. , Hanafy S.H.M
Published: August 2020

Dr. Fakhreddin Jamali: Pharmacist, Pharmaceutical Scientist and Mentor- Dedicated to An Academic Life and Legacy of Fame and Fortune
Estratégia de localização e modo de entrada de organização do Segmento Metalomecânico
Authors: Bohn Ana Célia
Published: August 2020

O presente estudo, do tipo estudo de caso único (Yin, 2016), de natureza qualitativa, descritivo e bibliográfico, tem por objetivo compreender as motivações de internacionalização de uma organização multinacional do segmento metalomecânico, com matriz localizada no Brasil e subsidiárias em países distintos. Entre essas motivações, o estudo procura descrever as estratégias de localização e os modos de entrada (Cuervo-Cazurra & Narula, 2015). Para o cumprimento do objetivo proposto foram necessárias pesquisas de ordem bibliográfica e eletrônica, em livros e sites específicos, bem como o aporte de dados secundários, com base no sítio oficial da organização, visita técnica guiada e entrevista semiestruturada de perguntas direcionadas a um gestor técnico, responsável pela área de internacionalização. A análise e discussão de resultados ocorreu pelo método de análise do conteúdo e discussão teórica. Observou-se que a organização objeto de estudo pulverizou seus negócios, expandindo-se em diversos segmentos de mercado nos cinco continentes em países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. O modo de entrada diferiu em cada situação, sendo consideradas as formas por aquisições, joint-ventures, escritórios em locais estratégicos ou instalação de fábricas novas, próprias (greenfields). A proporção do negócio agigantou-se desde os anos 2000, demonstrando um crescimento médio anual de 15%, a partir da internacionalização. As contribuições deste estudo enaltecem o desenvolvimento de empresas brasileiras no exterior, em termos de gestão organizacional e, enquanto contribuição científica, efetuou revisão de literatura de negócios internacionais e aproximou a academia da área empresarial, no que se refere à singularidade das estratégias de internacionalização.
Flat diffuser: steady state flow of a viscous incompressible fluid
Authors: Kumakshev S.A.
Published: August 2020

The article analyzes the evolution of the main single-mode stationary flow of a viscous incompressible fluid in a flat diffuser (with a constant sign in the flow velocity depending on the aperture angle of the diffuser) in the classical formulation of the Jeffrey — Hamel problem. Depending on the determining parameters (the diffuser angle and the Reynolds number), a complete solution of the problem is given. The transition of main single-mode flow at a fixed angle of the diffuser to the multimode modes (where the velocity of flow changes sign depending on the angle of the diffuser) when the Reynolds number has been changed is shown. It is found that starting from a certain critical value of the Reynolds number, the existence of a stationary single-mode flow is impossible. The corresponding bifurcation diagram is constructed and the dependence of this critical value vs. the aperture angle of diffuser is found. The possibility of realization of both single-mode and multimode flows at the same Reynolds number is shown. The parameters of the second and third bifurcation domains are also calculated.
Body, Beauty, and Death in an Andean Context: A Self-Ethnographic Narration
Authors: Segovia Jimena Silva
Published: August 2020

With this article I seek to build bridges between the different narrative elements where the body is situated as a central language, of experiences as a researcher in socio-cultural contexts of Bolivian indigenous peoples in the years 1984 and 1998. In this biographical period I have lived different reflective processes, frustrations, and successes that can contribute to an understanding of the framework of gender, ethnic, and political relations. This text, auto-ethnographic, enables us to see the deconstruction and subjective transformations in an androcentric context of a traditional Andean culture, as well as the investigative awareness achieved during interactions in the field. In my field work I have used tools from different disciplines (anthropology, sociology, social psychology), that are useful for validating the autoethnography as a methodological model to the gender autonomy, listening and learning the different ways of understanding corporal discourses. That is, I wish to recognize the value of various types of production and interpretation of knowledge, such as narration, arts, literature, film, and photography that favors emancipation of the peoples and their inhabitants.
Tail distribution of the integrated Jacobi diffusion process
Authors: Dung Nguyen Tien , Quynh Trinh Nhu
Published: August 2020

In this paper, we study the distribution of the integrated Jacobi diffusion processes with Brownian noise and fractional Brownian noise. Based on techniques of Malliavin calculus, we develop a unified method to obtain explicit estimates for the tail distribution of these integrated diffusions.
Minimax-robust forecasting of sequences with periodically stationary long memory multiple seasonal increments
Authors: Luz Maksym , Moklyachuk Mikhail
Published: August 2020

We introduce a stochastic sequence $\zeta(k)$ with periodically stationary generalized multiple increments of fractional order which combines cyclostationary, multi-seasonal, integrated and fractionally integrated patterns. We solve the problem of optimal estimation of linear functionals constructed from unobserved values of the stochastic sequence $\zeta(k)$  based on its  observations at points $ k<0$. For sequences with known matrices of spectral densities, we obtain formulas for calculating values of the mean square errors and the spectral characteristics of the optimal estimates of the functionals. Formulas that determine the least favorable spectral densities and minimax (robust) spectral characteristics of the optimal linear estimates of the functionals are proposed in the case where spectral densities of the sequence are not exactly known while some sets of admissible spectral densities are given.
Eficiência energética em prédios de salas de aula naturalmente ventilados
Authors: Oliveira Wagner Costa , Cunha Eduardo Grala da , Leitzke Rodrigo Karini
Published: August 2020

Em 2014, foi publicada a Instrução Normativa 02/2014, do Ministério do Planejamento, Desenvolvimento e Gestão, obrigando os projetos de edificações e os retrofit de edificações públicas federais, com mais de quinhentos metros quadrados de área, a serem desenvolvidos buscando a Etiqueta Nacional de Conservação de Energia de Projeto nível A, de acordo com os Requisitos Técnicos de Qualidade para o Nível de Eficiência Energética de Edifícios Comerciais, de Serviços e Públicos (RTQ-C). O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se projetos de prédios de salas de aula licitados por Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (IFES) atendem à determinação da IN 02/2014 e, em caso negativo, como intervir para os projetos atingirem nível A. Foram analisados dez prédios naturalmente ventilados licitados por quatro IFES do Rio Grande do Sul,  seguindo os procedimentos indicados no RTQ-C. Também foram realizadas simulações para verificar o consumo hipotético de energia se os edifícios fossem condicionados artificialmente. Como resultado, 60% dos projetos conseguiram alcançar o nível mais alto de eficiência energética, atendendo à Instrução Normativa. Também se verificou que, nos casos negativos, a substituição das lâmpadas tubulares fluorescentes por lâmpadas LED equivalentes e especificação de bacias sanitárias econômicas bastaria para os projetos obterem a classificação máxima.
Comparing Alteration of MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) Scores as Cognitive Function Test in Geriatrics After General and Regional Anesthesia
Authors: Budianto Ferrie , Setiawan Philia , Hamzah Hamzah , Yulianti Erikavitri
Published: August 2020

Introduction: An alteration of cognitive function in geriatrics often occurred after a surgery procedure. To do a surgery, patients would go through the process with anesthesia, whether it is  general or regional anesthesia. We aimed to identify the effect of general and regional anesthesia in increasing the risk of alteration in cognitive function from geriatrics who underwent elective surgery followed by other risks. Material and Method: This observational analytic study has a total sample of 60 patients who aged 60 years or more, and half of the total sample underwent an elective surgery with general anesthesia, whereas the other half with regional anesthesia at Gedung Bedah Pusat Terpadu Dr. Soetomo General Hospital in a range of October – November 2016. The cognitive function of patients was assessed with MMSE which is done in approximately 10 – 15 minutes. Result and Discussion: There was a statistically significant correlation between age and both preoperative MMSE score also the alteration of MMSE score after 3 days in patients with regional anesthesia (P-value = 0.032; 0.044). Also, the correlation between educational status and preoperative MMSE score (P-value = 0.001). There was also a statistically significant difference in alteration of the MMSE score after 3 days between patients with general and regional anesthesia which went through the hypotension phase (P-value = 0.022; 0.003). We identified that both general and regional anesthesia could lead to alteration of MMSE score (P-value = 0.001; 0.02) and there was a statistically significant difference between both of them (P-value = 0.001). Conclusion: Both general and regional anesthesia could lower the cognitive function of geriatrics, especially general anesthesia which happened to have a higher risk to occur. Other factors such as age, educational status, and hemodynamic condition during surgery, had their impacts toward lowering cognitive function in geriatrics.
Screening Protocol of Propofol Infusion Syndrome
Authors: Muzaiwirin Muzaiwirin , Utariani Arie
Published: August 2020

Introduction: Propofol is often used as sedation for a long time in the ICU. The use is at risk of Propofol Infusion Syndrome (PRIS) which is characterized by arrhythmias or decreased heart function, metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, and acute renal failure. Literature Review: The pathophysiology of PRIS is due to a disturbance in cell metabolism which inhibits the transport of Free Fatty Acid (FFA) into cells and inhibits the mitochondrial respiration chain. The management of PRIS is supportive of every symptom that arises so that screening is needed as a treatment to reduce high mortality rates. Screening using creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and lactate is supporting data as an initial introduction for symptoms of PRIS. Conclusion: PRIS can occur if continuous administration of propofol > 4 mg / kg / hour. CPK levels> 5000 IU / L become a benchmark to stop propofol before the onset symptoms of PRIS. Implementation of screening protocol is very helpful for clinicians to reduce mortality in ICU due to the use of propofol.
CASE REPORT: UNCONTROLLED HYPERTENSION CONTRIBUTES TO WORSENING OF PRESBYCUS SYMPTOMS IN THE ELDERLY
Authors: Saputri Faradila Budi , Firdha Azizah Amimathul , Rahma Safira , Alda Rieza Rizqy , Inayasari Syahwina , Purnami Nyilo
Published: August 2020

Presbycusis is a disease that can befall the elderly, caused by a multifactorial process that should be allowed to disrupt communication and social life and cause mental disorders. According to WHO the proportion of the elderly population rises rapidly which is estimated in 2025, there are about 1,2 billion elderly people with a risk of presbycusis. Mr.S was 84 years old, married and had 2 children, complained of hearing loss since 10 years ago on the patient's left ear. The decline in hearing occurred gradually, giving the last 4 years after his wife's death. Patients was taken to Otorhinolaryngologist and expressed age-related hearing impairment and was advised to use hearing aids. Patients are not routinely using hearing aids. In addition, patients have hypertension and heart disease. Patients consumed Captopril 2x1 tablets, Fundifar 2x1, Furosemide 1x40 mg and Fargoxin 1x0.25 mg. Patients do not routinely consumed cardiac medicine and used hearing aids. From the results of heteroanamnesis, physical examination, and audiogram examination conducted in Mr.S patients, it can be concluded that Mr.S suffers from presbycusis with hypertensive and congestive heart failure. Mr.S was advised to routinely have their hearing check to Otorhinolaryngologist the as an evaluation and routine control to Cardiologist.
Molecular Characteristics of Indonesian Isolate Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei Based on Sequence Analysis of 18S rRNA Genes
Authors: Artanto Yohanes Kristiawan , Prayitno Slamet Budi , Sarjito Sarjito , Desrina Desrina , Haditomo Alfabetian Harjuna Condro
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) infection have been reported as an obstacle of whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) culture in Indonesia. However, understanding of the molecular characteristics of EHP species in Indonesia is not widely known. The aims of this study were to determine the identity and characters of DNA, and their phylogeny of EHP species from several different locations in Indonesia with specific references to 18S rRNA gene. The EHPs were collected from cultured P.vannamei from Lampung, Pangandaran, Sidoarjo, Banyuwangi, Probolinggo, Blitar, Makassar, and Lombok. Thirteen (13) samples were randomly selected to explore their gene characters through 18S rRNA gene sequencing. The primers used were EHP_F and EHP_1R. Parameter observed were DNA sequencing, nucleotide sequence homology with related available genes in the Gen Bank database, multiple sequence alignment, and reconstruction of genetic relationship trees. DNA sequence homology analysis showed that all samples had 99.89-100% similarity to Indian Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (Accession Number MH259890.1 and MH260592.1). The alignment results illustrated that all EHP sequences of Indonesian isolates were 100% identical each other. The phylogenetic tree topology provided information that all sample accessions were in the same clade and spread evenly. The conclusion were that the Indonesian EHP species were identical (100%) and it could be said that they were genetically homogeneous. Keywords: Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei, 18S rRNA gene, Indonesia.
A Study on the Braided Fabrication of Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor
Authors: Joohyeon Lee
Published: August 2020

This study's objective was to propose the use of textile braiding manufacturing methods, thus facilitating the application of the high precision and accurate measurability of optical fiber Bragg grating sensors to various structures. The purpose of this study was to Combine 3d braid processing with the optical Bragg grating sensor's accurate metrology. Out of limits of the sensor's epoxy attachment methods, the textile braiding method can make applicable scope diversify. The braiding processing is capable of designing a 3D fabric module processing, multiple objective mechanical fiber arrangement, and material characteristics. Optical stress-strain response conditions were explored through the optimization of design elements between the Bragg grating sensor and braiding. For this study, Bragg grating sensors were located 75% apart from the fiber center. The sensor core structure is helical of 1.54 pitch. A polyurethane synthetic yarn was braided together with the sensor on the Weaving machine core part in a braiding. Prototyping results, a negative Poisson's ratio makes curled the braided Bragg grating sensor. The number of polyurethane string yarns has been conducted the role of wrap angle in braiding. The 12 strands condition showed an increase in double stress-strain response rate at a Poisson ratio of 1.3%, and 16 strands condition was found to affect the sensor with noise at a Poisson ratio of 1.5%. This study can suggest applying braid processing of the Bragg grating sensor, which is expected to create and develop a new monitoring sensor.
Spatial Variability of Atmosphere Dust Fallout Flux in Urban-Industrial Environments
Authors: Dinis Maria Lurdes , Gonçalves Maria Inês
Published: August 2020

This work aimed to study the spatial variability of particulate matter deposition flux in urban-industrial environments. The main objective was to identify areas with higher deposition flux and associate the variability with climatological variables and with possible surrounding emitting sources. The method for collecting the deposited particles was based on the standard NF X 43-007. Sampling for particulate matter took place between April 2015 and February 2016, through seven sampling campaigns. Maps of the spatial dispersion for the particulate matter were obtained through statistics and geostatistics techniques. Elemental identification by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also used in two sampling campaigns. The results show that the sampling campaigns that took place during hot and dry periods, 2nd and 3rd, present higher deposition flux: 2.04 g/(m2 x month) and 1.72 g/(m2 x month), respectively. Lower deposition fluxes were registered in the 6th and 7th campaigns: 0.23 g/(m2 x month) and 0.24 g/(m2 x month), respectively. It was also observed a recurrent high deposition at specific sampling points which may be due to both the nearby road traffic and the presence of chimneys. SEM analysis allowed to associate repetitive element deposition, at the same sampling point, to the same emitting source.
Monitoring Five years of The Whiting Phenomenon in The Gitana Lake (Cuenca, Spain) Using Sentinel-2 Images
Authors: Ruiz Miriam , Morales Samuel , Soria Juan
Published: August 2020

In the present study, a five-year follow-up was performed by remote sensing of the calcium carbonate precipitation in La Gitana karstic lake (located on the province of Cuenca, Spain). The important role that calcium carbonate precipitation plays in the ecology of the lake is well known for its influence on the vertical migrations of phytoplankton, the concentration of bioavailable phosphorus and, therefore, the eutrophication and quality of the waters. Whiting take place between the months of July and August, and it can be studied at this time through its optical properties, with the main objective of offering updated data on a phenomenon traditionally studied and establishing possible relationships between abiotic factors such as temperature and/or rainfall. The atmospheric temperature data collected by the meteorological station suggest a possible relationship between the appearance of the white phenomenon and a pulse of previous maximum temperatures. On the other hand, no apparent relationship was found between rainfall and water bleaching.
MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS KARYA ILMIAH MAHASISWA MELALUI BIMBINGAN SELF REGULATED LEARNING
Authors: Latipah Eva
Published: August 2020

This study was conducted to design a guidance model of self regulated learning and test effectiveness of this model in improving quality of students scientific work. Design of model is done by identifying needs of students and apply model in guidance process of students scientific work. Subjects in this study are student who is writing their thesis numbered 42 people in UIN Sunan KAlijaga Yogyakarta. The results show that students need guidance on a strategy to complete thesis quickly and precisely. By applying that guidance model quality of students thesis  increased significantly shown in value of thesis that be obtained.

 
RESPON GURU DALAM MENYIKAPI PERUBAHAN KURIKULUM (Studi Kasus Pada Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Kudus)
Authors: Efferi Adri
Published: August 2020

The curriculum is important in the world of education. Teachers play an important role in the change of a curriculum. Therefore, the determining factor for the successful implementation of the curriculum is the understanding of teachers, the core of the curriculum. This study aims to assess the level of teachers' understanding of the curriculum in 2013 and their responses to those changes. This study used a qualitative approach with interviews as the main data collection techniques. After collecting and analyzing the data, the results are as follows: with respect to the level of understanding of the teachers of the curriculum, would still need to be always serious attention especially by the leadership of the madrasas, such as teachers' understanding of the principles of learning, creation of lesson plans and assessment in accordance curriculum 2013. Regarding the response of teachers to address the changes to the curriculum, that is two some accept and some are refused. Although teachers actually realize that a change or innovation implies the change of a condition long to become better.
Protocol for CardioCluster Creation
Authors: Monsanto Megan M , Sussman Mark A
Published: August 2020

Cellular therapy to treat heart failure is an ongoing focus of intense research, but with limited progress. Engineered augmentation of established cellular effectors overcomes impediments, enhancing reparative activity. Such ‘next generation’ implementation includes delivery of combinatorial cell populations working together synergistically. Concurrent isolation and expansion of three distinct cardiac-derived interstitial cell types from human heart tissue prompted design of a 3D structure that maximizes cellular interaction, allows for defined cell ratios, controls size, enables injectability, and minimizes cell loss. Here we describe a method wherein, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and c-Kit+ cardiac interstitial cells (cCICs) when cultured together spontaneously form scaffold-free 3D microenvironments termed CardioClusters.
Non-Interactive Amblyopia Treatment Modalities in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Hussen Mohammed Seid , Adimassu Nebiyat Feleke , Belete Gizachew Tilahun , Atnafu Asmamaw
Published: August 2020

Background: Recently, a number of clinical trials are conducting on amblyopia treatments. Discovering an intervention that provides optimal outcome with minimal subsidiary effect is an essential issue in medical arena. Therefore, this review aimed to identify the most effective and safest amblyopia interventions in an integrative manner. Methods: Eligible studies were identified from Cochrane library (CENTRAL), PubMed Central, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Scopus electronic database. Data pooling was performed for trials with a little statistical heterogeneity (P>0.05, I 2 <50%) using the fixed-effect models. The mean difference (MD) and risk ratio (RR) at 95% confidence interval (CI) for visual acuity improvement, the success of the treatment, reverse amblyopia, and adherence rate was pooled. Results : Eight trials consisted of 1253 participants were included . The pooled mean visual acuity improvement was similar for both six hours and full time patching (MD, 0.00; 95% CI, -0.54 to 0.55). In subgroup analysis, all spectrum of patching are equally effective in treating mild to moderate amblyopia but 6 hours to full-time patching regimen are effective for severe amblyopia. The therapeutic outcome of patching was statistically preferable to atropine (pooled MD, 0.25 lines; 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.48). Besides, the incidence of reverse amblyopia was lower in patching groups as compared to atropine (pooled RR, 0.19; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.57). However, the treatment adherence for patching was lesser, (pooled RR, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.84 to 0.96). Conclusion: Patching, particulary six-hours patching as a first line treatment provides optimal visual acuity improvement that balances the effect of reverse amblyopia and poor adhrence as compared to atropine and other spectrum of patching regimen but it should be under proactive monitoring to optimize the adherence issues.
Bone impaction grafting with trabecular metal augments in large defects in young patients: unravelling a new perspective in Surgical Technique
Authors: Torre-Escurero Basilio De la , Gómez-González Eva , Álvarez-Villar Slavador , Bujan Julia , Ortega Miguel A
Published: August 2020

Background: Acetabular reconstruction with bone impaction grafting in large defects has yielded conflicting results.Methods: This was a retrospective study of a case series of five patients with a young age (≤50 years) at the time of surgery who had large acetabular defects reconstructed by bone impaction grafting and trabecular metal augments. The mean follow-up was 79 months. We describe the surgical technique in detail.Results: Improvement was significant on the WOMAC and SF-36 scales (p < 0.05). The radiographs taken at the last follow-up examination showed no migration of the polyethylene cup (p = 0.31) or differences in the abduction angle (p = 0.27) compared to the radiographs from the immediate postoperative period. One patient presented two dislocation episodes as a complication.Conclusion: The combination of trabecular metal augments with the bone impaction grafting technique in young patients with large acetabular defects provides satisfactory results in the long term and restores the bone stock.
Maternal sevoflurane exposure affects differentiation of hippocampal neural stem cells by regulating microRNA-410-3p and ATN1
Authors: ZHANG YI , WU ZIYI , LI XINGYUE , WAN YUXIAO , ZHANG YINONG , ZHAO PING
Published: August 2020

Background Currently, numerous animal studies have shown that exposure to commonly used general anesthetics during pregnancy may cause neurocognitive impairment in the offspring. Reportedly, exposure to sevoflurane during mid-trimester of pregnancy can inhibit proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs) and lead to early apoptosis. Whether exposure to sevoflurane during pregnancy affects the differentiation of NSCs remains unclear. Methods In the present study, pregnant rats were exposed to 3% sevoflurane once for 2 h on gestational day 14 (G14) or 3 times for 2 h on G13, G14, and G15. Next, the differentiation of NSCs was measured using neuron marker β-tubulin III and astrocyte marker glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in fetal brain tissues 24 h and 72 h after anesthesia and in hippocampus on postnatal day 28. Primary cultured rat NSCs were exposed to 4.1% sevoflurane to explore the mechanism. Results The results showed that during mid-trimester, multiple exposures to sevoflurane can cause premature differentiation of NSCs in developing brains of offspring and lead to long-term neuron reduction and astrocyte proliferation in hippocampus. The data from the present study indicated that repeated exposure to sevoflurane downregulated atrophin-1 (ATN1) expression and caused early differentiation of NSCs. Overexpression of ATN1 via lentivirus transfection attenuated the influence of sevoflurane. Using dual luciferase assay, ATN1 was found to be a target gene of microRNA‐410-3p (miR‐410-3p). MiR-410-3p suppression via lentivirus transfection recovered the ATN1 expression and differentiation of NSCs. Conclusions The results from the present study demonstrated that repeated exposure to sevoflurane leads to early differentiation of NSCs and long-term effects via the miR-410-3p/ATN1 pathway.
Linking the Effect of Psoriatic Arthritis-Related Foot Involvement to the Leeds Foot Impact Scale using the International Classification for Functioning, Disability and Health: A Study to Assess Content Validity.
Authors: Carter Kate , Tannous Caterina , Walmsley Steven , Rome Keith , Turner Deborah E
Published: August 2020

Background Previous research to describe the impact of foot involvement in psoriatic arthritis has used the Leeds Foot Impact Scale in Rheumatoid Arthritis (LFIS-RA) in the current absence of any psoriatic arthritis foot-specific tools. However, the LFIS-RA is a rheumatoid arthritis disease-specific outcome measure and its content validity for evaluating the experiences of people with psoriatic arthritis-related foot involvement is unknown. The study objective was to determine the content validity of the LFIS-RA for assessing people with psoriatic arthritis, using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as the frame of reference.Method Concepts within each item of the LFIS-RA were linked to the best-matched ICF categories using established linking rules, which enable a systematic and standardised linking process. All concepts were independently linked to the ICF by 2 investigators with different professional backgrounds, which included occupational therapy and podiatry. The list of ICF categories derived from previous research that pertained to the foot in psoriatic arthritis was then compared with the ICF categories linked to the LFIS-RA. The comparison was undertaken in order to determine the extent to which concepts important and relevant to people with psoriatic arthritis-related foot involvement were addressed. Results Thirty-five distinct ICF categories were linked to the LFIS-RA, which related to body functions (44%), activities and participation (35%), environmental factors (16%) and body structure (5%). In comparison with the ICF categories derived from concepts of the foot in psoriatic arthritis previously defined, the LFIS-RA provided coverage of key constructs including pain, functioning, daily activities, footwear restrictions and psychological impact. Other concepts of importance in psoriatic arthritis such as skin and toenail involvement, self-management and paid employment were not addressed in the LFIS-RA. Conclusion Content validity of the LFIS-RA to determine the impact of foot functional impairments and disability in people with psoriatic arthritis was not supported by the results of this study. Future work should consider the development of a psoriatic arthritis foot-specific patient reported outcome measure, using the LFIS-RA as an important foundation.
Recommendations to Improve Physical Activity Prescription for the Cystic Fibrosis Population: An Irish Perspective
Authors: Hurley Nicola , Kehoe Bróna , McCaffrey Noel , Redmond Karen , Cullen Lydia , Moyna Niall M.
Published: August 2020

Background: Physical activity (PA) is a well-established therapeutic modality for the maintenance and improvement of long-term health in cystic fibrosis (CF). Health care professionals (HCP) play a significant role in the promotion of PA behaviours. Limited research exists investigating the extent of PA prescription within CF care. This study aimed to identify Irish HCP i) knowledge and practice of prescribing PA, ii) motivation and barriers of PA prescription; and iii) proposed strategies to optimize PA promotion and prescription in CF populations.Methods: 48 HCP (physiotherapists n=24, other n=24) from six CF centers in Ireland and members of the national physiotherapy clinical interest group completed a 30-item online survey. Results: Most HCP (81%) acknowledged that discussing PA with CF patients was part of their professional role. Almost all physiotherapists (95%) reported having sufficient knowledge regarding PA prescription, compared to 17% of other HCP. All physiotherapists reported discussing PA at every patient interaction, with 81% employing the current consensus guidelines, compared to 33% and 5% of other HCP, respectively. Among the most common barriers reported by HCP to prescribing PA to their CF patients were; lack of motivation and compliance among patients to adhere to PA advice, limited availability of PA programmes to refer their patients to, limited time with patients during clinic visits, lack of knowledge regarding PA prescription for CF care, and patients’ health status deeming PA inappropriate. Three-quarters of HCP reported a need to improve PA services for CF patients in Ireland.Conclusion: As people with CF are living longer, it is imperative that HCP are expanding their scope of practice to consistently include discussions around PA at every patient visit, as physical fitness has been shown to be a key predictor of longevity and quality of life in patients with CF. Formal educational opportunities in the form of continuing professional development programmes, with respect to PA prescription for CF populations, are warranted for CF HCP to optimize long-term patient management and outcomes. There is also a need to introduce or enhance motivational interviewing during patient interactions, to elicit positive PA behaviour change.
New Immunotherapy Biomarker N-Cadherin Rescue Immunosuppress Caused by PD-L1/IDO-1 in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Sun Yi , Guo Ju , Reiter Robert E , Xu Huan , Huang Jiao , Wei Qiang , Yang Lu
Published: August 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.
The Comparation of Ultrasound and Fluoroscopy-guided for Determining Puncture Entry Point of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty
Authors: Ye Sen , Lai Xiaorong , Zhong Lingjian , Yu Changzhang , Lu Wen , Xie Zhiquan , Zhang Gansheng , Chen Xuhan , Chen Yanzhen
Published: August 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of ultrasound and fluoroscopy-guided for determining the puncture entry point of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP). Methods: From November 2018 to December 2019, a total of 50 eligible patients with thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) treated by PVP were retrospectively collected, of which 25 cases were in ultrasound-guided group and the other 25 cases were in fluoroscopy-guided group. Radiation doses, one-time localization success rate, operation time, clinical efficacy and complications incidence were compared between the two groups.Results: Ultimately, 46 patients completed followed-up, whose average follow-up time was 9 months, the dose and times of fluoroscopy and operation time in ultrasound-guided group statically significantly decreased compared to fluoroscopy-guided group (P<0.01). The one-time localization success rate in ultrasound-guided group and fluoroscopy-guided group were 68.2% and 37.5% respectively (x2= 4.33, P=0.037), whose difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the visual analog scale (VAS) scores of back pain relief between the two groups (P>0.05). There were no postoperative complications such as infection, hematoma formation and fracture nonunion obsereved between the two groups.Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided entry point determination for PVP puncture is safe, which can significantly improve the success rate of one-time localization and decrease radiation exposure and operation time.
Screening test Accuracy of Portable Devices that can be used to Perform Colposcopy for Detecting CIN2+ in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Taghavi Katayoun , Rohner Eliane , Basu Partha , Low Nicola , Rutjes Anne , Bohlius Julia
Published: August 2020

Objective: Portable devices that can be used to perform colposcopy may improve cervical cancer screening in low- and middle- income countries (LMIC) where access to colposcopy is limited. The objective of this study was to systematically review the diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) of these devices for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher (CIN2+). Methods: In accordance with our protocol (Prospero CRD42018104286), we searched Embase, Medline and the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials up to 9/2019. We included DTA studies, which investigated portable devices with moderate-to-high optical magnification (≥6x) for colposcopy, as described in the manual for Colposcopy and Treatment by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, with a histopathological reference standard. We used the QUADAS-2 tool to assess study quality. We examined results for sensitivity and specificity in paired forest plots, stratified by stages in the clinical pathway. We pooled estimates of test accuracy for the index test, used as an add-on to other tests, using a bivariate random-effect model.Results: We screened 1737 references and assessed 239 full-text articles for eligibility. Five single-gate DTA studies, including 2693 women, met the inclusion criteria. Studies evaluated two devices (GynocularTM and Pocket) at different stages of the screening pathway. In three studies, which used the index test in an add-on capacity in 1273 women, we found a pooled sensitivity of 0.79 (95% CI: 0.55-0.92) and specificity of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.59-0.94). The main sources of bias were partial verification, incorporation and classification bias.Conclusion: Few studies have evaluated portable devices able to perform colposcopy, so their accuracy for the detection of CIN2+ remains uncertain. Future studies should include patient-relevant and long-term outcomes, including missed cases, overtreatment, residual and recurrent disease. To meet the challenge of eliminating cervical cancer in LMIC, methods for visual assessment of the cervix need urgent redress.Registration: Prospero, International prospective register of systematic reviews (CRD42018104286). Date of registration 27, July, 2018.