bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three-Layered Sericins around the Silk Fibroin Fiber from Bombyx mori Cocoon and their Amino Acid Composition
Authors: Wang Yuan Jing , Zhag Yu Qing
Published: January 2011

The sericin coated around silk fibroin fiber is a natural protein-based polymer and presents a layered structure. According to the solubility in water under different temperatures and pressures, the sericin is divided into three parts of outer, middle and inner sericin layers accounting for 15%, 10.5% and 4.5% to the total silk protein (included sericin layers and fibroin fiber) in terms of the mass respectively. The partition within the sericin layer presents the relative proportions of 50%, 35% and 15% from the outer to inner layer. Furthermore, the differences of three layers in the amino acid composition are very significant. The non-polar amino acids in the outer, middle and inner sericins are gradually increased, in particular for alanine, which are accounted for 5.20, 6.13 and 11.58 mol% respectively; while its content jumps to 33.38 mol% in the silk fibroin fiber. Nevertheless, the polar amino acids, especially the neutral ones, are gradually decreased accounting for 39.34, 38.62 and 23.82 mol% respectively. Concentration of Serine drops most prominently, i.e. 28.00, 25.57 and 13.32 mol% respectively; while its content goes to 7.65 mol% in the silk fibroin fiber. On the other hand, the hydrophobic amino acids gradually increase and the hydrophilic amino acids go to oppsite way. These results indicate that the amino acid compositions of the outer and middle sericins are similar to each other, but those of the inner sericin are different from the others. The closer the sericin layer is to the silk fibroin fiber, the closer its amino acid composition is to that of the fibroin fiber. These obtained results are of important reference value for processing of silk sericin peptides and their applications in cosmetics, cell culture, healthy food and other areas.
Pre-Oxidation Nanofibers from Acrylonitrile-Acrylamide Copolymers Synthesized by Solvent-Water Polymerization
Authors: Sun Jun , Wang Kai Tao , Wang Jian Jun , Qin Chuan Xiang , Dai Li Xing
Published: January 2011

Solvent-water suspension free-radical polymerization method was used to synthesize acrylonitrile(AN)-acrylamide(AM) copolymers in this paper. The copolymerization was carried out with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator and dimethysulfoxide (DMSO)/ water solution as solvents at a constant monomer ratio (AN:AM(wt)=85:15). The ratio(wt) AN:AM=100:0 was also be used for a comparison. The structure and properties of the copolymers was studied by fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetry(TG). The nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning AN-AM copolymer solution with N,N-Dimethyl acetamide(DMAc) as a solvent. Then, the fibers were pre-oxidized in relaxation state and in air by using an oven. The structure of pre-oxidized nanofibers was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FT-IR. The results showed that the ratio of dimethysulfoxide (DMSO)/water 50/50(v) was optimum for the copolymer properties and nanofiber spinnability as a carbon nanofiber precursor. The copolymer fibers only needed lower preoxidation temperature and shorter preoxidation time to reach the same degree of cyclization due to the introduction of AM.
Characterization of Angiogenesis during Skin Wound Repair by Porous Silk Fibroin Film
Authors: Zhan Kui Hua , Bai Lun , Guan Guo Ping , Dai Hong Qin
Published: January 2011

Based on our experimental data of neovascularization of porous silk fibroin films (PSFF)，in this study we characterized the formation of new blood vessel system at different periods. Firstly, we regarded a wound as two sections, namely, an interface layer and a material layer. Angiogenesis of the interface layer underwent three periods that were rehabilitation period of primary vascular plexus (postoperative 1st day-3rd day), rapid growth period (postoperative 3rd day - 7th day) and remodeling period (after the 7th day). In addition, angiogenesis of the material layer underwent initiation period (postoperative 5th day - 7th day), rapid growth period (postoperative 7th day - 13th day) and remodeling period (after the 13th day). According to the analysis results for angiogenesis, we realized that the efficacy of PSFF on repairing wound was reflected in coordination between infiltration of cells in the pores and angiogenesis, and in timeliness of the newly formed blood vessels’ extention from the interface layer to the material layer.
Biosynthesis of β-Glucosidase-Silk Fibroin Nanoparticles Conjugates and Enzymatic Characteristics
Authors: Zhou Zhen Zhen , Zhang Yu Qing
Published: January 2011

Silk fibroin derived from Bombyx mori is a biomacromolecular protein with outstanding biocompatibility. When it was dissolved in highly concentrated CaCl2 solution and then the mixture of the protein and salt was subjected to desalting treatments for long time in flowing water, the resulting liquid silk was water-soluble polypeptides with different molecular masses, ranging from 10 to 200 kDa. When the liquid silk were introduced rapidly into acetone, silk protein nanoparticles (SFNs) with a range of 40~120 nm in diameter could be obtained. The crystalline silk nanoparticles could be conjugated with β-glucosidase with cross-linking of reagent glutaraldehyde. In this work, the activity of β-glucosidase-silk fibroin nanoparticles (βG-SFNs) bioconjugates was determined by p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucoside (p-NPG) as a substrate and the optimal conditions for the biosynthesis of βG-SFNs bioconjugates were investigated. βG-SFN constructs obtained by 5h of covalent cross-linking time at the experimental conditions of 0.25% cross-linking reagent, 37 °C and the proportion of β-glucosidase and SFNs (75 : 100, U/mg) showed 46% of recoveries. Results showed that kinetic parameters of βG-SFNs were the same as for the free β-glucosidase. The optimal pH was 5.0 and the optimal temperature was 60°C. When β-glucosidase was coupled covalently with silk nanoparticles, the thermal stability of βG-SFNs was slightly enhanced as compared with free β-glucosidase. The apparent Km of βG-SFNs (1.41×10-3 mol•L-1) was near five-fold less than that of the free enzyme (7.26×10−3 mol•L-1), this fully shows that after the free enzyme conjugated with silk fibroin nanoparticles, the enzyme affinity with substrate increased. These results fully demonstrated the silk protein nanoparticles were good carriers as bioconjugation or modification of enzymes. Moreover, they had potential values for research and development in food processing and flavor processing agents.
Study on Optimization of Fermentation Condition for Nitrilase-Producer Escherichia Coli BL21 (DE3)/pET-Nit
Authors: Feng Li Li , Zhang Jian Fei , Luo Hui , Li Zheng , Zhang Hong Jie
Published: January 2011

The paper concentrated on the optimization of the recombinant strain BL21 (DE3)-PE7-Nit. The component of culture medium and the culture conditions were optimized. The optimized medium was: yeast extract 10 g/l, L-glutamate sodium 8 g/l, MgSO4.7H2O 0.7 g/l, Isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside 0.3 mmol/L, potassium hydrogen phosphate 0.5 g / L, phosphate Potassium 0.5 g / L and the culture condition was: initial pH 7.0, inoculum 2%. The result showed that the activity of nitrilase prepared with these conditions increased by 130.37 % through optimization.
Structure and Properties of Bombyx Mori Silk Fiber Modified by Extract of Cactus
Authors: Xu Yun Hui , Huang Chen , Bai Lun
Published: January 2011

The cactus is a kind of abundant foliage used for the Chinese medicine, which has special physical-chemistry properties and physiological function. It has been utilized for various fields. The B. mori silk fiber was slightly dissolved with CaCl2-EtOH-H2O solution and subsequently treated with the cactus extracts solution in aqueous acetic acid. The weight gain of the slightly dissolved B. mori silk fiber after cactus extracts modification was much higher than that of original silk fiber, and it increased remarkably with the CaCl2-EtOH-H2O dissolution time and cactus extracts concentration increasing. Scanning electron microscopic photographs showed that the microvoids appeared inside the slightly dissolved silk fiber and the fiber surface was changed after the series reaction with cactus extracts. Infrared spectra of the modified silk fiber suggested that the conformation of fibroin molecules had a trend to β sheets. The crystallinity of the modified silk fiber did not change remarkably by the X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, with the cactus extracts treatment, the mechanical strength and elongation of silk fiber decreased slightly, whereas the initial modulus and elastic deformation of the silk fiber enhanced. Meanwhile, the cactus extracts modified B. mori silk fiber possessed a good antibacterial property.
Imine Bond Characterization and Properties for Controlled Release Drugs of Collagen Protein Cross-Linked Cotton Fiber
Authors: Xu Yun Hui , Du Zhao Fang , Chen Yu Yue
Published: January 2011

For exploiting the novel multifunctional ecological cotton fibers, a new cotton fiber with the collagen protein cross-linking (CPCCF) was prepared by the limited selective oxidation of a cotton thread with sodium periodate solution and subsequent treatment with a solution of collagen protein at 40°C in aqueous acetic acid. FT-IR spectra of the CPCCF suggested that the imine covalent bond between the collagen protein and the oxidized cotton fiber was formed through a series of reaction. X-ray diffractograms analysis showed that the crystallinity of oxidized cotton fiber after collagen protein treatment increased slightly. Meanwhile, Scanning electron microscopy photographs illuminated that the modification with collagen protein occurred on the surface of cotton fiber. Kjeldahl nitrogen analysis of the CPCCF showed that the maximum percentage of collagen protein introduced into cotton fiber was 1.68% (w/w). However, the breaking strength of the cotton thread oxidized partially by sodium periodate at the concentration of less than 2.0 mg ml-1 did not decrease much. Furthermore, a model experiment for the controlled release drugs was performed using aloe anthraquinone, components of a Chinese medicine, suggested potential usefulness of the CPCCF as a carrier for the controlled release drugs.
The Biocompatibility of Olfactory Ensheathing Cells on the Silk Fibroin Scaffolds
Authors: Fan Zhi Hai , Xie Zong Gang , Zuo Bao Qi , Zhang Peng , Li Liu Bing , Shen Yi Xin , Zhang Huan Xiang
Published: January 2011

Objective: Evaluate the biocompatibility of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) on the electrospun low-diameter silk fibroin scaffold (LD-SFS). Methods: 400 nm silk fibroin nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning technique and were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The OECs were isolated and purified by the modified differential adherent velocity method. Then, the purified OECs were seed on the poly-L-lysine and electrospun silk fibroin scaffold. The nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) p75 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were used to identify OECs by immunofluorescence staining. The MTT and flow cytometric assay were used to detect the proliferation and apoptosis effect of OECs on the different scaffolds. Results: The SEM showed that the average diameter of the fibers was about 400 nm and the nanofibers constituted a three-dimensional structure with porous network and smooth surface. The morphology of OECs on the LD-SFS group was similar to that on the poly-L-lysine (PLL) group. In addition, MTT and flow cytometric assay also showed that there was no significant difference between the two scaffolds in the proliferation and apoptosis activity. Conclusion: LD-SFS may serve as an ideal tissue engineering scaffold for the olfactory ensheathing cells.
Inflammatory Response of Native Silk Fibroin Powder/Polyurethane Composite Membrane Containing Aspirin In Vivo
Authors: Yang Hong Jun , Xu Hai Ye , Wang Wei Ci , Ouyang Chen Xi , Xu Wei Lin
Published: January 2011

regeneration silk fibroin particles prepared through the dissolving-regeneration route do not fulfill many desired requirements for bio-related applications, due to their partial solubility in water. So, Native silk fibroin powder (NSFP) was prepared by mechanical method to instead of regeneration silk fibroin particles. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the inflammatory response of polyurethane/NSFP composite membrane containing aspirin implanted in mice. The polyurethane/NSFP composite membranes containing aspirin were fabricated by coagulation technique at 30°C. The composite membranes were embedded in mice for 1 weeks and inflammatory response of composite membranes in mice was studied. Inflammatory cells accumulation occurred around implanted polyurethane/NSFP composite membrane, but was reduced significantly in composite membrane containing aspirin. The results indicated that the aspirin released from composite membrane of polyurethane and NSFP could suppress the replication of inflammatory cells and prevent the entering of cells into composite membrane.
Studies on Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Loaded Nano-Hydroxyapatite/Silk Fibroin Scaffolds
Authors: Zhang Yan Hong , Zhu Liang Jun , Yao Ju Ming
Published: January 2011

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2) is a member of the transforming growth factor superfamily. It plays an important role in stimulating osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, and has been widely utilized in clinical bone repairing by implantation. In this study, the nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA)/silk fibroin (SF) porous scaffolds were fabricated for the sustained delivery of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2), and then used to address the hypothesis that rhBMP-2 delivered from the scaffolds could enhance the bone formation in vitro. We optimized an effective method using a prokaryotic expression system to produce rhBMP-2. The rhBMP-2 was expressed, purified and renatured in vitro. And then the rhBMP-2 was loaded onto the nHA/SF scaffolds. The bioactivities of rhBMP-2-loaded nHA/SF scaffolds were assessed in vitro. The results showed that the rhBMP-2 promoted the osteoblasts adhesion and proliferation on the nHA/SF scaffolds. Also, the rhBMP-2 released from the nHA/SF scaffold stimulated a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of osteoblasts in vitro. These results demonstrated that the rhBMP-2-loaded nHA/SF scaffolds could promote the bone regeneration and showed potential applications in the bone tissue engineering.
Effects of Heat Shrinkage on Structure and Property of Silk/Synthetic Fiber Textured Composite Filaments
Authors: Zhang Xiao Ying , Wang Bao Zhong , Zhang Min , Pan Zhi Juan
Published: January 2011

The textured yarn was respectively prepared with pure silk, silk/polyester POY composite filament, silk/polyester FDY composite filament by the self-made processing device. The effects of heat shrinkage of polyester fibers on the structure and properties of the textured filaments were investigated. The results revealed that silk/POY composite filament contained higher heat shrinkage. Synthetic fibers produced crimps with larger amplitude and smaller bandwidth, and the textured filaments presented a larger yarn count, resulting in the notable crimped deformation.
Tensile Strength of Single Electrospun Nanofibers
Authors: Wei Kai , Xia Jian Hua , Kimura Naotaka , Nakamura Taiki , Pan Zhi Juan , Chen Guo Qiang , Kim Byoung Suhk , Kim Ick Soo
Published: January 2011

Researchers have paid much attention to small-scale natural fibers among the biological materials to seek innovative methods in order to create new high performance materials. Recently, spider dragline silk fibers are being studied because of their unique combination of high strength to weight ratio and high extensibility, which leads to a tough and lightweight fiber. Biomimetic fibers based on spider silk have been a focus of research for the past decade. However, there are still many unanswered questions about the mechanisms by which silk achieves its unique mechanical properties, as well as challenges in mechanical testing of electrospinning silk nanofibers which are often hindered by both small diameters and limited material availability. A method to characterize local mechanical behavior in small diameter nanofibers was developed to both improve understanding of structure-property in natural fibers and provide a method for comparing mechanical behavior in natural and electrospinning fibers.
The Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Meta-Aramid Nanofiber Web for High Temperature Filter Media
Authors: Yao Li Rong , Kim Joo Yong
Published: January 2011

The meta-aramid nanofiber webs were successfully prepared by electrospinning with the solvent system LiCl/DMAc in this paper. The uniform nanofibers were obtained when the concentration of the spinning solution was larger than 9wt%, and the microstructure and physical properties of the nanofiber webs were examined. To date, the webs had a better mechanical property when the concentration of the spinning solution was 11wt%. Whereafter, we mainly investigated the effects of heating temperature on the properties of the mate-aramid nanofiber webs. After heat treatment, the structure and property change of the nanofiber webs were analyzed by means of SEM, XRD, TGA, and the tensile strength was measured by Kawabata Evaluation System (KES). The results indicated that there was no significant weight loss and retained a favourable mechanical property when the heating temperature was below 200°C, however, the properties of nanofiber webs would decrease if the heating temperature were increased or the heating time was more prolonged.
Determination of DNJ of Mulberry Latex and Evaluation of the Hypoglycemic Effect on Mice
Authors: Zhang He Yu , Chen Wei , Wang Tai Chu , Liu Jin Zhu
Published: January 2011

Mulberry trees (Morus spp. Moraceae) are used for rearing the silkworm. Moraceae plants are characterized by the presence of latex, and mulberry trees exude latex when their stem, leaf or root were damaged. We found in the present study that mulberry latex contains very high concentrations of DNJ (0.63% wet weight, 4.5% dry weight), the DNJ content of latex varied with different part of tree and collecting time. The study also evaluated the antihyperglycemic effects of mulberry latex on streptozotocin induced diabetic mice. Diabetic mice were treated with mulberry latex or acarbose with food for 21 days. The results indicated that postprandial blood glucose and fasting-blood glucose level of mice were lowed, mulberry latex displayed a significant reduction ( P ≤ 0.05) in blood glucose. This finding suggested that mulberry latex have high value for herbal medicine as hypoglycemic function.
Automatic Inspection of Silk Spinning Yarn Fineness
Authors: Liu Chun Wei , Li Li Qing
Published: January 2011

In this paper, a method of automatic inspection of silk spinning yarn fineness through image processing was developed. The acquired images were processed by image processing methods. Three thresholding methods were used and compared. The diameter and its CV value were obtained by processing the binary images. The results obtained were compared with measurements performed by means of EIB (Electronic Inspection Board). Yarn fineness and its CV value were obtained and the experimental results prove that the iterative method is more suitable for thresholding images to measure the silk yarn fineness.
Automatic Inspection of Silk Fabric Density Based on Multi-Scale Wavelet Analysis
Authors: Zhou Jian , Li Li Qing
Published: January 2011

Silk fabrics density are usually very high because the silk yarns are finer than spinning yarns, so it difficult to calculate the density quickly by routine methods. According to the characteristics of silk fabric, a method to measure silk fabric density based on multi-scale wavelet decomposition is developed in this study. The wavelet multi-scale analysis is an ideal approach to extract the detail features from the fabric images. And the results showed that this method is superior to normal wavelet decomposition. It is an efficient and accurate way to measure the density of common silk fabrics automatically.
The Application and Prospects of Two-Dimensional Code in Clothing Field
Authors: Yan Ming , Song Xiao Lei , Qi Ning
Published: January 2011

The principle and application of two-dimensional code were introduced by the short distribution, and the information transferring of the clothing label and the anti-counterfeiting technology in clothing field was presented by some examples and the study. The prospects of two-dimensional code in clothing field were put forward.
Shape Analysis of the Raw Silk Defects
Authors: Xiao Kun Nan , Li Jia , Chen Qing Guan , Meng Kai
Published: January 2011

The detection of raw silk defects is important in the quality inspection of raw silk. Electronic inspection is a popular method now for the reasons of high speed and objectivity. However, the traditional seriplane testing method is also applied in many countries for its advantages that the electronic inspection method haven’t. Due to the different evaluation standards, different results will be derived when the same raw silk defect is detected by the two different methods. In this study, various raw silk defects were detected according to the two different methods or standards. The cause of different results derived by different detection method was analyzed through observing the actual shape of the raw silk defects under the microscope. This is favorable to the development of electronic inspection method and standards for the raw silk defects.
The Research on Electronic Measurement of Steam with High Temperature and High Humidity in the Steaming Process
Authors: Li Fu Chao , Yang Cheng Shuai , Meng Kai , Chen Qing Guan
Published: January 2011

Because of the seldom research on temperature and humidity measurement of gas with high temperature and high humidity, workers in steaming workshops judge the temperature and humidity of steam in steamers on their subjective experience, which limits the accurate control of temperature and humidity of steam in steaming boxes. In reaction to the difficult measurement of high temperature and high humidity gas, a kind of electronic device has been developed to solve the problem. Through ingenious design of programming in assembly language and of electronic circuit, the device can automatically start an on chip heating element to prevent steam from condensing, and display the high temperature and relative humidity of steam in steamers. It will be propitious to break through the shackles of subjective experience, realize small changes in the temperature and humidity of steam in steaming boxes, and provide a basis and premise for controlling and regulating the temperature and humidity of steam. In addition, it will play an important role in gearing down the hygroscopic agent dosage, reducing the production cost, conserving energy, protecting environment and improving the quality of steaming.
Effects of Clothing Structural Factors on Electromagnetic Radiation Protection
Authors: Zhang Li Li , Chen Yan , Liu Xiao Yu
Published: January 2011

With people's increasing awareness of safety and health, the demands of protective clothing for electromagnetic radiation are gradually increased. The influences of clothing structural factors on protective performance for electromagnetic radiation are studied in this paper. The shielding effectiveness (SE) of fabrics has been tested according to the SJ20524-1995 standard. Meanwhile, according to the measured conditions of fabrics, a simulation model of testing fabric is established by the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software Ansoft HFSS to simulate the influences of clothing structural factors on the electromagnetic protective performance under the irradiation of electromagnetic waves at different frequencies. The impact of the length of clothing seams, the size and shape of clothing openings, and the change of clothing layers on the electromagnetic protective performance have been simulated and analyzed in detail. The results show that the simulation results are basically identical with the actual measurement results, and the model of testing fabrics can be applied for the researches on the protective performance for electromagnetic radiation. The study also shows that both seams and openings of clothing will reduce the shielding ability of clothing to electromagnetic radiation, and the change of clothing layers also affects the electromagnetic protective performance of clothing greatly. The results of this article can provide references for the design of electromagnetic shielding clothing, and effectively reduce the adverse effects of clothing structural factors on the protective performance of clothing.
Development of Electronic Real-Time Inspecting System for Raw Silk Based on FPGA
Authors: Liu Xin , Wei Wei Zhu , Chen Qing Guan
Published: January 2011

Traditional seriplane testing method has been used to detect the evenness and defects of raw silk for a long time, the results of which are affected subjectively by the examiner to a certain extent and are controversial. In this paper, improved based on SD-1 size tester of raw silk, built-in FPGA chip and 9004 real-time controller and winding machine are used to develop a fast real-time inspecting system for evenness, cleanness and neatness of raw silk. This can resolve the problems of the independent intellectual property rights of sensors and process software troubling electronic inspection of raw silk, and realize the conversion, acquisition, real-time differentiation, results display and storage of continuous dynamic voltage signal of raw silk. Compared with the same type device, this system has a higher processing efficiency and better results objectivity.
Study on Effect Factors of Filtrating Properties of the Polypropylene and Basalt Filament Woven Filter Cloth
Authors: Zhang Hong Jie , Zhong Zhi Li , Feng Li Li , Wang Ji Guang , Xue Xiao Tong
Published: January 2011

Polypropylene filament was used as the warp yarn, and respectively Basalt filament and Polypropylene filament was applied to the weft yarn, several samples were woven in different organizational structure. Then the effect factors of filtration were tested, and permeability, abrasion resistance and air permeability of these samples were measured, filtration resistance was evaluated indirectly through the Flow Tester. How the influence of the performances of raw material the filtrating properties of the samples were investigated, which based on the above experiment, as well as the other factors. The results show that permeability and air permeability had little change in the same process parameters, however, abrasion resistance of the samples by basalt filament significantly were superior to the performance of polypropylene filament.
Wear Comfort Evaluation of Pearl-Cellulose Fabrics
Authors: Wang Shao Wei , Zhang Yi , Liu Hua Wu
Published: January 2011

Pearl-cellulose fiber is a regenerated cellulose fiber, made by spinning cellulose liquid .mixed with ultra-fine pearl powder. This novel fiber inherits not only the elegant appearance of pearl, but also the comfort of the cellulose. In addition, the fabrics made from pearl-cellulose fibers are ultraviolet rays protective and far-infrared emitting. The key quality properties of a cylindrical knitwear, made from14.8 tex yarn blended with pearl and spandex, was tested to illustrate performance of pear and spandex blended textiles. The cylindrical knitwear exhibited excellent elasticity with 46.5% of radial elastic recovery rate and 50.3% of longitudinal elastic recovery rate; 43.5% of radial elastic deformation rate and 54.8% of longitudinal elastic deformation rate; 81.3% of radial elongation rate and 110% of longitudinal elongation rate. The moisture regain of the knitwear was 10.4%, which indicated a good moisture absorption. The ultraviolet light transmittance of two-band UVB and UVA was 2%. The UPF of the two bands of ultraviolet radiation protection was 50, which means that the knitwear offers an outstanding UV protection to customers. At room temperature 25oC, the normal emissivity of this fabric in 8-14μm spectral regions was 90%. An evident far-infrared emission was observed.
Development and Wear Behavior of Ecotype Cotton-Silk Colour Woven Taffeta
Authors: Chen Zhi Hua
Published: January 2011

The natural mulberry silk and high-count combed cotton were chosen as raw materials woven into a thin fabric, with classic colour designed as fashion vertical strips. In dying process, high-quality green dye formulations were used to ensure good quality of yarn; in sizing process, the modified starch based, supplemented by a new polypropylene slurry were combined as sizing, which had high concentration and low viscosity, uniform sizing and improved resistance to mill, reduced the regeneration hairiness; in finishing process, the formaldehyde-free anti-crease finishing agent was applied by wet short steaming process, the fabric had anti-crease property, smooth and non-formaldehyde residue. The material after finishing has firmly quality, smooth and fine, slippery and pleasant, safe and practical, has both the texture and luster of silk, also has the comfort of cotton fabric. Through the selection of raw material, production and finishing process, the eco-environmental was stand out, the colour generous and elegant, excellent performance, good market response. The product development process and wear behavior of this high-grade fabric were described in this article. With the textile low-carbon idea through and living standard’s enhancement, the demand of ecotype textile for consumer is getting more and more broad, for this reason, we have developed new product: the ecotype cotton-silk colur woven taffeta. The natural low tex combed cotton was selected as warp yarn and raw silk as weft, and the colour and style formula were careful designed, the high quality environmental protection dye and the formula in dyeing procedure was selected. In the sizing and after-treatment procedure made the key attract, highlight the green environmental protection performance, the fabric has silky quality and gloss, and has cotton comfort, the colour naturally lofty, has good performance, has good market echo. It satisfied the consumer to lining comfortableness, functionality, artistic request[1]. Presently this product’s development and the production process were shown as follow:
Study on Dynamic Moisture Comfort Property of Fabric in Different Environmental Temperature Conditions
Authors: Yang Kai , Jiao Ming Li , Xiong Ying , Zhang Wei Yuan
Published: January 2011

Moisture handling property of fabric has been regarded as a major factor in the comfort performance of clothing in normal use. Especially in different environmental temperature conditions, fabric’s moisture comfort property has different manifestation. In this paper, a series of experiments and analyses were performed on studying the dynamic moisture transferring procedure and evaluating moisture comfort property of fabric under different environmental temperature conditions. By Textile-Microclimate Measuring Instrument, five different fiber fabrics’ dynamic experiments were performed in different environmental temperature conditions. By measuring the real time changes of relative humidity in inner and outer surfaces of test fabrics, fabrics’ dynamic comprehensive index was obtained to characterize fabrics’ dynamic moisture comfort property under different temperature conditions. Finally, grey system theory was introduced to establish models that could describe the relationship between the static parameters and the dynamic comprehensive index. The grey interrelationship analysis was performed firstly to find out the static parameters that have high degree of association with dynamic comprehensive index. And then the grey mathematics modeling method was performed to establish models predicting the dynamic comprehensive index using static parameters. In three different temperature conditions, three different prediction models were built and high predictive precision was obtained.
Analyzing on Geometry Design and Tightness of Ramie Fabric
Authors: Weng Yi , Li Li Jun , Li Feng Fang
Published: January 2011

The scratchiness of ramie fabric, to some extent, restricts the development of ramie products, although it has been improved of the underwear ramie fabric to a certain degree, however, it is at the cost of sacrificing the unique style of ramie fabric. How to keep the special style of ramie fabric and eliminate scratchiness in the meantime is yet to be solved. This study analyzed the causes for scratchiness, discussed how to choose the fabric’s geometry, density and tightness, and established a theoretical formula for the geometric structure of non-tight structure ramie fabric, as well as warp and weft density and tightness, further more, the study proposed a structural phase range and maximum weave tightness to overcome the ramie fabric’s scratchiness. All of these offered the theoretical basis for ramie fabric design.
Optimization of SPME with GCMS Analysis of Volatile Organic Chemical Residues in Textiles
Authors: Chen Jun , Liu Yan , Gu Juan Hong
Published: January 2011

A fast testing procedure for the determination of VOCs in textile matrix using solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was introduced. Samples were cut into small pieces and soaked in 5% methanol (v/v) saturated NaCl solution with supersonic pretreatment at 40±1°Cwater-bathing for 15 min and headspace exposure for 10 min at 50°C with stirring rate at 1100rmp. The influence of SPME adsorption time, stir speed, adsorption time and temperature, and gas chromatography (GC) inlet conditions for the SPME were investigated. Then the matrix solutions were extracted by headspace SPME and analysis by GC/MS. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection for target compounds were 0.005mg/kg with average recovery between 90.6-108.7%. The results obtained clearly showed the potential of SPME for efficient concentration of the target compounds and also demonstrated the reliability of this extraction technique for the monitoring of textile quality for the eco-marks.
Study on the Dyeing Properties of Hemicyanine Dyes in Acrylic Fabrics
Authors: Qin Chuan Xiang , Tang Ren Cheng , Chen Guo Qiang
Published: January 2011

In this paper, two hemicyanine dyes, DEASPI and DHEASPI-C1, were synthesized and used in acrylic fabrics as fluorescent dyes. The influence of the hydroxyl groups of dye molecules on the dyeing properties was analyzed, and the results showed that the exhaustion value and partition coefficient value decreased a lot when there were two hydroxyl groups attached to the end of dye molecule. The reflectance of the dyed acrylic fabrics with these two fluorescent dyes is higher than 100% in 600 - 700 nm. Moreover, the chromaticity of dyed acrylic fabric was calculated according to the EN-471 standard (2003).
Surface Grafting Modification of Silk Fibroin via ARGET ATRP Method
Authors: Xu Xia , Xing Tie Ling , Chen Guo Qiang
Published: January 2011

In this work, silk was grafted using dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate(DMAEMA) via activators regenerated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) method to produce well controlled grafted silk in water aqueous. CuBr2 was used as catalyst, N, N, N’, N", N" -pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) was used as ligand, vitamin C was used as reducing agent. The effects of monomer concentration, the proportion of catalyst and ligand, the variety and the dosage of catalyst and reducing agent, grafting temperature and time on the silk grafting were discussed, and the optimal grafting technology was obtained. FT-IR characterization of the grafted silk indicated that DMAEMA was grafted onto the surface of silk. The whiteness and permeability to gas of grafted silk slightly decreased. And the moisture permeability of grafted silk nearly had no change. The wrinkle recovery angle of grafted silk dramatically increased.
Expression Profiles of P450 4 Family Genes in Larval Fatbody and Midgut of Bombyx Mori Exposed to Rutin
Authors: Gao Rui Na , Zhang Ting , Zhao Si Si , Li Bing , Chen Yu Hua , Shen Wei De , Wei Zheng Guo
Published: January 2011

The present study was undertaken to clarify the change of induction of CYP4M5 and CYP4M9 expression level by rutin. In this study, we used dual-spike-in qPCR to examine expression profiles of the silkworm Bombyx mori CYP4M5 and CYP4M9 genes in the larval midgut and fatbody after exposure to rutin. In organization-course study, rutin at middle concentration (5×10-2ng/µL) caused significant upregulation of CYP4M5 and CYP4M9 genes at early time point (2h) in fatbody, higher concentration (5×10-1ng/µL) did secondly, while lower concentration (5×10-3ng/µL) caused little change. In the midgut of silkworm, rutin in all concentrations didn't affect the expression of the two genes. These findings showed that induction of CYP4M5 and CYP4M9 expression level by rutin are concentration depended and tissue-specific.Collectively, CYP4M5 and CYP4M9 genes may have some relationships with metabolism of rutin in silkworm.
The Physical Performance and Wearability of the Silk Fabric Treated with Silver Nanoparticle Synthesized by the Extract from Cactus
Authors: Miao Hong Chao , Lin Hong , Chen Yu Yue
Published: January 2011

With science and living standards progress, functional textile products become more and more popular. The natural and no added finishing method is especially pursuited by people. In this paper, we report on the use of extract from cactus to synthesize the silver nanoparticles. The particle sizes about 30nm were prepared under the unpolluted environment. The basic raw material is natural selection, preparation method is simple, non-polluting, eco-friendly and to address the reliability of a better way. Natural fabrics treated with natural plant , not only improve the added value of the product ,but also achieve natural of the fabric, meet the requirements of the modern people. This research product the cactus silver nanoparticles silk fabric, demonstrated that the cactus solution can fix the nano-silver uniform on the surface of the silk fabric. Compare with the result of the physical performance and wearability of this fabric, the mechanical properties of the fabric is decline, but the degree of the decline is not high, the moisturizing properties of the finished silk fabric are increased. The result revealed the tensile properties remained basically unchanged, the smoothness, the even and orderly is decline, the roughness of the surface is increased, the softness is weakened, the bulkiness is reduce, the fullness is weakened, the wrinkle recovery capabilities is improved.
Treatment of Silk Fabric Using Doscorea Cirrhosa Extract
Authors: Chen Guo Qiang , Xing Tie Ling , Zhou Qing Qing
Published: January 2011

In order to develop the traditional technique and variety colors of Xiangyunsha, Doscorea Cirrhosa extract was applied on silk fabric, and three metal ion agents Fe2+, Zn2+ and Ti4+ were used as post treatment mordant. Different silk fabrics with three colors were obtained: black, pale yellow and orange yellow. And metal salt post treatment also increased the color fastness of finished fabric. The optimal technological conditions were achieved through orthogonal experiments. The washing fastness of three metal salts treated fabrics was measured. The staining fastness was good, but the fading fastness was medium. Among of the three mordants treated fabrics, the washing fastness of Zn2+ post treated fabric was the best. Crocking fastness and sunlight fastness of Doscorea Cirrhosa treated silk fabric could be improved by metal salt treatment. The UV-resistant property of silk fabric was improved to an encouraging level, which benefited the silk cloth especially because silk was commonly applied for summer wear. And the gas permeability of treated sample was acceptable.
Surface Modification of Acrylonitrile Fibers and Membrane by Nitrilase from Escherichia Coli BL21 (DE3)/pET-Nit
Authors: Feng Li Li , Zhang Jian Fei , Luo Hui , Li Zheng
Published: January 2011

The surface of polyacrylonitrile fibers and membrane were modified by nitrilase from Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)/pET-Nit. Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)/pET-Nit was able to convert nitrile groups on PAN fibers and membrane to corresponding carboxylic acid as indicated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). An increase of O/C atomic ratio on the fiber and membrane surface showed an increase in hydrophilicity and fabric-dyeing efficiency. Strength of treated fiber decreased by only 1.17%, because only surfacial nitrile groups of acrylic fibers were hydrolyzed by E.coli BL21(DE3)/pET-Nit.
Study on Dyeing of the Plasma Modification Silk Fabric in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Yan Jun , Zheng Lai Jiu
Published: January 2011

A study has been conducted into the dyeing of silk fabric in supercritical carbon dioxide. In order to reach better dyeing effect, plasma modifying is used to silk. Plasma modifying can decompose disulfide bond of the protein fiber, change the state of scale layer and break silk gum of fiber so that dyestuff could infiltrate. Factors of plasma modifying are fixed, including pH value, processing time. And they affect the values of fabric colour feature and fabric strength. In this work, C.I. Disperse Blue-77 and C.I. Disperse Yellow E-3G are used by combining orthogonal experiment and single factor analysis. During dyeing process, temperature and pressure have a great impact on the result. Modification process and dyeing process are optimized, and the best process is determined. The results presented in this study show dyestuff can infiltrate through modified fabric easily. Through the testing, the washing fastness and rubbing fastness of silk fabric after being modified are improved. The changes between before and after dyeing are analyzed by scanning electron microscope and infrared spectrometer. It is showed that modified fabric obtains a better effect.
Complex Dyeing of Antheraea pernyi Silk with Natural Indigo and Brazilwood
Authors: Lu Yan Hua , Yang Zhao Dan , Hao Xu
Published: January 2011

To increase the color spectra, two kinds of vegetable dyes of natural indigo and brazilwood were selected for the complex dyeing of Antheraea pernyi (A. pernyi) silk fabric. Based on the structures of the two vegetable dyes, the mechanism of molecule reaction and the principle of the complex dyeing were analysized. The dyeing process was performed on the silk samples with natural indigo before brazilwood, and the optimum dyeing technique was determined by single factor. Based on K/S (color strength), a and b values (index for color style), the effects of the amount of brazilwood, pH value and temperature on the index for color style were discussed. The results showed that the dyeing shade was affected greatly by the concentration of brazilwood, and a series colors including green and grey could be obtained by the dyeing process. It was also found that the complex dyeing process provided A. pernyi silk fabric with the similar rubbing fastness and washing fastness of more than 3 or equal 3.
Adsorption Properties of a Benzotriazole UV-Absorber on Silk, Wool and Nylon
Authors: Zhang Jun , Lv Jing Chun , Tang Ren Cheng
Published: January 2011

The photoyellowing and poor UV-protection ability of silk, wool and nylon fabric can be improved through the anti-UV finishing with UV-absorbers. This study is concerned with the adsorption properties of a water-soluble benzotriazole UV-absorber on silk, wool and nylon. It was found that the adsorption kinetics of the UV absorber on the three fibers followed the pseudo second-order kinetic model and the rate constant indicated a faster adsorption rate for UV absorber on silk than those for wool and nylon. The activation energies for the adsorption process on silk, wool and nylon were found to be 49.74, 63.92 and 78.21 kJ/mol, respectively. The adsorption of the UV-absorber on silk and wool had the characteristics of low affinity constant and high saturation value whereas that on nylon showed a small saturation value with a remarkably high affinity constant. The electrostatic interactions between the positively charged amino groups in fibers and the anionic sulfonate groups in UV absorber have an important role in the adsorption of UV absorber.
Application of TEG Replacing Urea in Silk Printing with Reactive Dyes
Authors: Ding Chun Yan , Wang Lan , Lin Jun Xiong , Ni Duan
Published: January 2011

In order to resolve the problem of water pollution owing to using a large number of urea in silk printing with reactive dyes, TEG (Triethylene glycol/3, 6-dioxaoctane-1/8-diol) was used to replace the urea. The effects of TEG on the performance of monochromic and combination printed fabrics were studied through testing K/S values (color depth) and Delta E (color differences) of printed fabrics. Meanwhile, the effect of TEG and urea on the solubility of reactive dye and the moisture absorbency of silk fabric were compared by testing the solubility of reactive dyes and the diameter of silk fiber respectively. The results indicated that the best replacement ratio of TEG to urea was 75%.
Research on Plant Indigo Dyeing the Silk Fabrics
Authors: Dong Feng Chun , Zhu Xiang Ying , Jia Yong Tang
Published: January 2011

In this paper，dyeing process of plant indigo dye was studied, determining the optimum conditions of dyeing the silk with plant indigo. Based on the characteristics of ultrasonic, dyeing with the aid of ultrasonic was discussed. The results showed that higher K/S value can be achieved at lower temperatures so as to reduce the dyeing temperature, save energy and enhance the dye uptake.
Synthesis of Blocked Isocyanate Cross-Linker and Application of Water- and Oil-Proof Finishing on Silk Fabric
Authors: Zhou Xiang Dong , Cai Run Zhi , Shi Ya Peng
Published: January 2011

A water-soluble blocked isocyanate cross-linker was prepared, then it was used to improve durability of water- and oil-proof finishing on silk fabric. The results showed that the stability of the blocked isocyanate’s emulsion was better and the deblocking temperature of the blocked isocyanate was 67oC. As the blocked isocyanate was used in water- and oil-proof finishing on silk fabric, the durability of water- and oil-proof of the fabric was holding well after 10 launderings. Compared with the general cross-linkers (2D resin, TMM, HMM, etc.), the blocked isocyanate had no free formaldehyde release. And breaking strength, whiteness and handle of treated silk fabric had negligible decrease.
Study on Adaptability of Hand-Painted Silk Fabrics in the High Fashion Design in China
Authors: Wang Yan Hui , Du Shu Xian
Published: January 2011

With the development of science and technology, silk fabric becomes more and more colorful. On the one hand, hand-painted silk fabrics have unparalleled appearance reflecting the designer’s concept, on the other hand high fashion is one of high value-added products. High fashion design needs more unique fabric and the hand-painted silk fabric is just the right choice. In the West, designers attach more importance to developing silk fabric in high fashion design extensively and innovatively; while in China the high fashion design is still holding a backward position. Through studying the relationship of hand-painted silk fabric and high fashion in China, we can forecast the trend of hand-painted silk in high fashion design effectively, and at the same time promote the development of high fashion design.