bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Intralesional Methylprednisolone for Langerhans' Cell Histiocytosis of the Orbit and Cranium
Authors: Wirtschafter Jonathan D , Nesbit Mark , Anderson Peter , McClain Kenneth
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

A 27-month-old girl had a rapidly expanding orbital frontal bone mass due to Langerhans' cell histiocytosis. The CT of the orbit showed a lateral orbital mass containing an irregular density that extended into the intracranial cavity through a lytic lesion of the bone. This is the first report of the use in the orbit of an intralesional steroid injection. Five months later the lesion had not recurred. This treatment spared the patient radiation therapy or a craniotomy with curettage.
Students’ Continuance Intention to Experience Virtual and Remote Labs in Engineering and Scientific Education
Authors: Zhang Muhua , Li Yanyan
Published: September 2019

Virtual and Remote Labs (VRLs) had been widely used in Engineering and Scientific Education in recent years. The purpose of this study was to explore the students’ satisfaction of VRLs and their continuance intention to experience VRLs in future study. The VRL developed by Unity3D PRO was integrated into an undergraduate course named “Introduction to computer science”. 240 college students from China Three Gorges University took the course and had the virtual and remote laboratory experience for 16 weeks. Students’ satisfaction and continuance intention were investigated by a three-part questionnaire based on the Expectation-Confirmation Model and Flow Theory. SPSS 19.0 was used for the quantitative analysis. The results indicated that the flow experience of students in VRL was at general level while the female students’ perception of flow was higher than the males. Correlation analysis found that the flow experience had an extremely significant correlation with the students’ perceived usefulness, confirmation, satisfaction and continuous intention. Stepwise regression analysis found that flow experience, perceived usefulness and satisfaction were all positive predictor of the students’ continuance intention. Finally, some suggestions for integrating VRLs in engineering and scientific education were provided.
Storage and Allocation of English Teaching Resources Based on k-Nearest Neighbor Algorithm
Authors: Lou Yi
Published: September 2019

The boom of Internet technology gives a boost to the informatization of education in China. Internet resources serve as a new carrier of knowledge, offering teachers and students an alternative to books. However, the exponential growth of Internet resources has greatly complicated the storage and allocation of resources. This paper attempts to fully utilize English teaching resources through effective resource management and allocation. Specifically, the features of English teaching resources were analyzed, and then the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) weight method and k-nearest neighbor (kNN) algorithm were improved to make resource allocation more efficient and effective. The improved methods were then verified through a case analysis. The results show that the improved kNN provides a feasible way to allocate English teaching resources. The research findings provide reference to the storage and allocation of teaching resources.
A Inquiry Teaching Mode Based on STEM Education
Authors: Zhai Lian
Published: September 2019

The course of college English plays an important role in overall improving students’ comprehensive quality. Under traditional teaching mode, English teaching is dominated by the teacher, and supplemented by students. Such the efficiency of teaching method is low so that students cannot give full play to their dominant role in learning. Besides, their learning ability cannot improve, and it is difficult to carry out teaching activities efficiently. On this basis, an inquiry teaching mode based on STEM educational concept was explored for the course of college English in this study by combining specific implementation requirements of inquiry learning method. Meanwhile, the teaching effects of experimental class and control class for which traditional teaching mode was applied were compared. The result shows that the inquiry teaching mode based on STEM educational concept has obvious advantages in college English teaching and can significantly improve students’ comprehensive ability and professional quality, so it deserves to be referenced for teaching mode reform.
A Interactive Teaching Mode Based on Educational Games – Case Study of Acupuncture Course
Authors: Pan Qiong
Published: September 2019

As people pay more and more attention to the major of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), social demand for TCM talents also becomes larger and larger. But, the content of TCM acupuncture major is abstract, with high practical operation. Traditional acupuncture course is taught with “cramming” method so that students cannot understand and grasp the concrete knowledge of this major. This may even have negative impacts on some students. The interactions between the teacher and students are few, and students passively absorb teaching content. The positive feedbacks of teaching cannot be gained, either, thus affecting the teaching effect to certain degree. On this basis, an interactive teaching mode based on educational games was proposed in this study, and such interactive teaching mode based on educational games was applied in the courses of acupuncture major. Firstly, the current situations and features of educational games and interactive education mode were analyzed. Besides, acupuncture major was taken for example to introduce a series of teaching module development processes of educational games for resource module collation, project courseware management, target test questions, task allocation, courseware making and one-key release of acupuncture courses. It is found through the survey that, students more accept such interactive teaching mode based on educational games, and their learning efficiency improves. Such teaching method is obviously superior to traditional teaching methods.
Analysis on WeChat-Based Blended Learning in Network Marketing Course
Authors: Zhang Liang , Wu Yi , Qian XueSheng , Lv Ping , Zhou Xue
Published: September 2019

Blended learning is an information-based teaching method. This method is applied in network marketing course and verifying its teaching effect is a problem worthy of research. By combining blended learning-related theories, student features, and course requirements, a WeChat-based blended learning pattern applicable to network marketing course was proposed in this study. A teaching design of WeChat-based blended learning was created, followed by a teaching experiment. Quantitative analysis was used to verify the teaching results of the experimental and control classes. Results demonstrate that the learning effect of experimental class adopting WeChat-based blended learning is superior to that of the control class adopting traditional teaching method. WeChat-based blended learning lengthens extracurricular learning time, enhances students’ learning interest, and increases the opportunity of student–teacher exchange. This study provides references for developing WeChat-based hybrid learning.
Inquiry Based Teaching in an Animation Multimedia Course
Authors: Zheng Yue
Published: September 2019

In the process of cultivating high-level animation talents, high-quality animation course can play a crucial role, and effectively improve design and innovation ability. However, current animation course design and teaching also have obvious defects. The inquiry teaching of subject activity can play a positive role in training students’ innovation and creation ability and thus effectively make up for the shortcomings in animation course teaching. In this study, animation multimedia course was taken for example to explore the design and teaching application practice of maker education method based on “activity inquiry”. The maker teaching mode based on “activity inquiry” comprises four modules: teaching process, teaching objective, teaching design, and analysis of students’ performance. On this basis, it was applied in the teaching practice of animation multimedia course. Besides, the decision tree algorithm was innovatively adopted in this experiment to analyze students’ performance, and decision-making tree analytical framework for students’ performance was constructed, including data acquisition, data preprocessing, data classification & mining, and classification rule generation. Finally, the teaching test results indicate that the proposed teaching mode can significantly improve teaching effect, and actively promote students’ core ability training in terms of animation design and creation.
The Implementation of Blended Learning with Kelase Platform in the Learning of Assessment and Evaluation Course
Authors: Divayana Dewa Gede Hendra
Published: September 2019

This research aimed to know the implementation of blended learning with Kelase platform in the learning process of Assessment and Evaluation course. Determination of subjects in this research used purposive sampling technique, with the number of subjects was involved as many as 40 peoples. Methods of data collection in this research used questionnaires, observations, and documentation. The steps were undertaken in this research include (1) selection and personnel training; (2) location selection, hardware installation, and software installation; (3) programming and program testing; (4) system testing; and (5) system conversion. Data analysis technique in this research was quantitative descriptive. The results were obtained in this research showed the effectiveness level percentage of the implementation of blended learning with Kelase platform that was used to support the learning process of Assessment and Evaluation course was 90.2%, so it was included in the very good category.
“When in China...”
Authors: Chirino-Klevans Ivonne
Published: September 2019

Leading in a global environment requires the development of unique skills such as openness, curiosity, inquisitive mind, tolerance to ambiguity, among others. It is not enough to be willing to reach out to other cultures to be successful in a global business environment. Understanding that adjusting our leadership style according to the context is key in creating effective synergies when doing business across cultures. This teaching case is a tool to be used in the classroom as a resource for a Leadership Course, Organizational Behavior course or Global Business course.
Experiex Trips
Authors: Samano Carlos Jose Perez , Sitek Jessica , Ramos Fernanda Hurtado , Verdin Gretel Cuevas
Published: September 2019

Experiex Trips, a small enterprise, encourages people to get out of their seats and start experiencing in their own skin conditions that are different to those that they are used to. This is so that they will return home with deep and transformative learnings that will lead their life decisions. During the entire chapter, the authors explore the history of Experiex Trips; its core values; its business model; the three pillars for its success, which are cooperation, experimental education, and sustainability; but most importantly, the way cooperative leadership works in a social enterprise.
Tourism and Handicraft Industry
Authors: Kruja Alba Demneri , Berberi Eltona
Published: September 2019

Tourism is one of the most crucial sectors contributing to country development. In Albania, the sector`s contribution to GDP has an increasing trend through the years. This study aimed to explore the role of tourism in supporting the development of handicraft sector and analyzing the constraints faced by artisans during their daily activities of crafts production process. Albania is known for the tradition of crafts with precious values, created for centuries by masters of folk, in every province according to the features and specifications of different areas. The most known handicrafts in Albania are works in wood, iron, copper, and precious materials like gold, silver, leather, wool, etc. These values are inherited generation to generation have aroused great interest to visitors and local and foreign researches. In cities like Kruja and Scutari, a diversity of crafts with high utilitarian and aesthetic level is distinguished. This is also the reason of selecting the surveyed sample of artisans from Kruja and Scutari.
Current Trends in Practicing Leadership
Authors: Palalar Alkan Deniz , Özbebek Tunç Ayşegül
Published: September 2019

There is a growing body of theoretical and practical studies conducted on a variety of subjects under the multifaceted leadership concept. In this chapter, the authors first explain recently discussed concepts in the Leadership Quarterly by category (leader, contingency, outcome, and leadership development) and subcategory (traits; leader-subordinate interaction, leadership style, organizational; leader, followers, organizational), explore current leadership trends at practice by analyzing Harvard Business Review articles, and then compare them. The essential objective of this chapter is to explore the current trends emerging from real business life in comparison to theoretical development in the leadership field and to highlight common concepts coming from the theory and practice of leadership. From this aspect, this chapter may provide a basis for comparative leadership studies and contribute to the related literature and practical studies. The strength of this study is to present a comparison between current theoretical and practical leadership trends by conducting a content analysis.
Musing on Unanswered Questions
Authors: Van Sickle Meta Lee , Koester Merrie
Published: September 2019

Out of a conversation between two long-time colleagues—each a science educator and practicing artist—emerged the question, “What does it mean to STEAMify a lesson, and why would a teacher actually choose to do such a thing, other than, say, for-grant-writing-purposes?” Their science selves really liked the idea of a STEAM system, acted upon by forces, both from the outside and from within, and with energy flowing and cycling, all the while transforming grey matter in ways that sustained the teaching/learning process. When it came to their art; however, their dialogue followed pathways grooved by long years of practice and hard work in their respective fields. One author is a seasoned vocalist, trained in the nuances of both individual and group vocal performance as well as the attendant dimensions of music, its composition and phraseology. The other is a painter, poet, and novelist, shaping words, color, and line to tell stories and communicate ideas. What was significant to each was that their artistic habits of mind had shaped their axiology, transforming their ways teaching.
Graphic Novels and STEAM
Authors: Romagnoli Alex
Published: September 2019

Focusing on the interdisciplinary connections between STEAM education and graphic novels, this chapter first establishes historical and educational contexts for the use of graphic novels in STEAM education. A literature review focusing on the use of graphic novels in a science course as well as how graphic novels have been used in secondary classrooms will be discussed. Literature that is reviewed includes books, articles, and edited volumes. The strategies for implementing graphic novels in STEAM education promote constructivist learning as students are asked to access their intellectual and cultural capital in order to ascertain meaning from given content. Additionally, multimodality and multiliteracies are highlighted throughout the chapter. Finally, this chapter ends with linking the use of graphic novels in STEAM education to the power of narrative inquiry in educational contexts.
High-Quality Trade Books and Content Areas
Authors: Groff Carolyn A.
Published: September 2019

Integrating high-quality children's tradebooks into elementary content areas has long been considered a best practice. When teachers choose to incorporate these texts into content area lessons, they are exposing students to art through the pictures and reaching an array of visual learners. There is a delicate balance between teaching the literacy strategies needed to read these texts and the actual content materials that students need to learn in the STEAM areas. This chapter explores how to incorporate texts appropriately into content area lessons so that students can focus on the content, as well as apply literacy strategies for comprehension.
Exploring Simple Machines With Creative Movement
Authors: Lindquist William Paul , James-Hassan Martha , Lindquist Nathan C.
Published: September 2019

This chapter explores the use of creative movement to extend meaning to inquiry-based science investigations. This process embraces the addition of A to STEM to realize the impact of STEAM. The chapter builds on the import of scientific and physical literacy, interdisciplinary learning, and the power of kinesthetic engagement. Students become active collaborative agents within a dynamic model using creative movement to bring meaning to the science of simple machines. The authors utilize working words into movement strategy to help students use their past experiences and motor memory to explore, interpret, and engage with as they seek understanding of simple machines. A Midwest urban elementary school provides the context for a unit plan culminating in a dance performance. The foundational ideas presented within this unit can be enacted within any classroom by creative movement (physical education or dance) specialists, science specialists, or classroom generalists. It follows with a presentation of science content on simple machines exploring the disciplinary core idea of force and motion.
Getting to “Know” STEAM
Authors: Koester Merrie
Published: September 2019

This chapter describes the evolution of an arts-integrated approach to science curriculum inquiry which has been evolving since the 1990s—before the national science standards, the acronym STEM, much less STEAM, appeared across educational horizons. It reads as ethnography and has been performed in community, in association with the most caring of souls, with the goal of achieving a more inclusive/empowering, aesthetic science education, and a deep appreciation of the importance of the creative arts in the science learning process. It presents two research-based iterations of STEAM education in practice: 1) the creation of arts-integrated middle school ocean science curricula and 2) the development of a pedagogical tool called the “Know”tation as a way for teachers and students to make learning visible and integrate the languages of science throughout the process of inquiry. The cases described here apply many features of the STEAM model developed in Chapter 2 of this book.
The Great Race
Authors: Valdiviezo Jena , Graybill Letitia
Published: September 2019

This is a case in which students build paper airplanes from templates provided by the instructor as well as those which they can design themselves. They extend their ideas on flight in by using the principles developed in the paper airplane race to power simulated rockets made out of balloons. They consider such variables as materials, mass, and design to see which combination of material design and mass are most effective in constructing an airplane or a rocket that flies the fastest and the furthest in a competition. Contestants are rated on team consideration of variables needing to be controlled in order to have a fair assessment of the designs. When the designs are agreed upon and constructed, a race is conducted. The ideas developed in the paper airplane competition are then used to design a rocket carrying a paper airplane capable of flying across the classroom in the fastest time with the most direct route. This is a simulation of the space shuttle flights. The parameters of the races are developed by the participants.
Bee Pollination
Authors: Rizzuto Kerry Carley , Henning John , Duckett Catherine
Published: September 2019

The purpose of the chapter is to provide an exemplar of an inquiry-based unit on pollination for designing and implementing constructivist instructional practices while simultaneously providing outstanding teacher preparation. The unit on pollination was developed by preservice teachers through a partnership between the Monmouth Conservation Foundation and the Monmouth University School of Education. Through collective action, these institutions were able to enhance student learning on a vital part of the science curriculum, provide a rich clinical experience for pre-service teachers, and to familiarize teachers with a more constructivist approach to pre-school science instruction.
Developing and Applying the Law of Cosines
Authors: Zambak Vecihi S. , Mulyono Budi
Published: September 2019

In history, geometry was founded more as a practical endeavor than a theoretical one. Early developments of the branch portray philosophers' attempts to make sense of their surroundings, including the measurement of distances on earth and in space. Such a link between earth and space sciences and geometry motivated us to develop and implement a multidisciplinary lesson focusing on the conceptual understanding of the law of cosines in the context of astronomy. In our content specific STEAM lesson, the authors aimed to facilitate an understanding of the law of cosines in ninth grade students, and then apply the law in a star map task to find approximate distances between stars. The second part of the lesson also included the use of an instructional technology to support students' work with the star map task. In the conclusion, the authors discuss possible ways to improve the quality of their STEAM education efforts for the given context.
Using STEAM in Marine Science
Authors: (Van Koughnett) Dollahon Callie
Published: September 2019

This case summarizes two perspectives on inclusion of Arts in STEM/STEAM education and how they influence the modification of an existing STEM lesson. Teachers are encouraged to use many instruction models throughout their careers, and inclusion of new methods can seem daunting. This case hopes to illustrate how STEAM education can be included in a classroom through intentional use of graphic design in an everyday lesson or a longer unit. Students in the case are asked to design and build a robotic arm that is capable of accomplishing a task such as move or grasp an object. The specific context is Marine Science in nature but can be adapted to many other content areas.
“Imagioneering” a New Mission
Authors: Seiverd Kyle
Published: September 2019

STEAM education is a comprehensive approach to addressing content in the classroom. By using STEAM, educators present material utilizing multiple-intelligences. This chapter is geared towards high school and uses students' familiarity with Disney as a hook to address STEAM. Critical analysis is applied to the exterior and line-queue design of a famous attraction at Disney parks. Ride-layout is critiqued and improved upon via student collaboration. Students use their ability to analyze design to engineer a 2-D scale model that fits a particular purpose.
Differentiating Instruction in the Forensics Classroom
Authors: Mulvaney Tracy L. , Lubniewski Kathryn L.
Published: September 2019

This chapter will discuss differentiated instruction within the STEAM classroom. An example of a differentiated instruction case that was used in a Forensics Science class will be referenced. The case study focuses on fingerprint recovery, identification, and classification. After a series of lessons about the science of fingerprinting, a mock crime scene is set up to allow students the opportunity to become forensic scientists. Students use the forensic tools to recover them, and then identify and classify them using the process taught through direct and supplemental instruction. Some issues with differentiating instruction that arise are professional development around differentiated instruction, the time it takes to differentiate (amount of planning), lack of classroom time to complete projects, and lack of support or collaboration with key stakeholders are discussed.
Two-Step Sintering of Zirconia Ceramics by Intense High-Energy Electron Beam
Authors: Kostenko Valeria , Vasiliev Ivan , Shevelev Sergey , Ghyngazov Sergei A.
Published: September 2019

A comparative analysis of the efficiency of zirconia ceramics high-energy electron beam sintering by one-step mode and two-step mode sintering was performed for compacts prepared from commercial TZ-3Y-E grade and plasmo-chemical powders. The electron energy was 1.4 MeV. The samples were sintered in the temperature range of 1100–1300°C. The extent of influence of one-step and two-step sintering mode on the characteristics of sintered ceramics depends on the initial powders. Сorrectly chosen the temperature mode of two-step sintering (Ts1=1300°C t = 15 min, Ts2=1200°C t=1 h) leads to an increase of the density and microhardness values of ceramics relatively considered of results at one-step and two-step mode of sintering.
Analysis of MEMS Fluxgate Design for Vibration and Impact
Authors: Baranov Pavel , Kolomeitsev Andrey , Nesterenko Tamara G.
Published: September 2019

The paper deals with the fluxgate transducer intended for navigation and attitude control systems for moving vehicles. The finite element modeling of the half-sine and sawtooth pulse loads of various durations is performed for the proposed fluxgate configuration with regard to the properties of materials used.
Polarization and Electromagnetic Emissions of Natural Crystalline Structures upon Acoustic Excitation
Authors: Bespal’ko Anatoly , Surzhikov Anatoly P. , Fedotov Pavel , Pomishin Evgeniy , Stary Oldrich
Published: September 2019

A surface charge density distribution on natural crystal samples is investigated in the paper. Here are revealed regularities of electromagnetic signal amplitude changes upon acoustic excitation of electrified calcite samples depending on the size of the crystals.
Phenomenological Model of Radiation Hardness of LEDs Based on AlGaInP Heterostructures with Multiple Quantum Wells
Authors: Gradoboev Alexander V. , Orlova Ksenia N. , Simonova Anastasiia V.
Published: September 2019

Neutron degradation of LEDs based upon AlGaInP heterostructures (λ=630 nm and λ=590 nm) with multiple quantum wells are presented in the article. For the initial red LED (λ=630 nm) we can clearly distinguish three characteristic regions. In the small current region a low electron injection mode into the active region of the LEDs is observed. Further, as the operating current goes up, there are average and high electron injection in the active LEDs area regions. However, for the LEDY, the difference in the average and high electron injection regions is more pronounced and low electron injection region is absent. The boundary between the average and high electron injection regions can be characterized by the boundary current, which goes up with increasing exposure level. Three regions of electron injection in the active area of LEDs: low, average and high electron injection are illustrated for both types of LEDs under fast neutron irradiation. Based on the established relationships describing the emission power changing, a phenomenological model of the radiation hardness of LEDs based on AlGaInP heterostructures with MQW was shown. The LEDs radiation hardness is determined by the boundary current value, emission power in the low electron injection into the active LEDs area, the initial defective structure.
The Mathematical Model of the Broadband Transmission X-Ray Thickness Gauge
Authors: Osipov Sergei P. , Chakhlov Sergei , Kairalapov Daniyar , Osipov Oleg
Published: September 2019

The mathematical model of the broadband transmission X-ray thickness gauge is developed. The mathematical model consists of sectors: generation and transformation of radiometric signals; equation of transmission X-ray thickness gauge; error estimation of thickness measurement; performance rating. The example of the use of the proposed model to calculate of the transmission X-ray thickness gauge for aluminum items is provided. In the example the dependences of integral mass X-ray attenuation coefficients and the thickness of monitored objects made from aluminum are calculated. The range of optimum measured thickness depending on the maximum X-ray energy was selected, the measurement time to provide the desired thickness measurement error was estimated. The possibility of measuring the thickness of a cooper test object for a wide beam conditions has been experimentally confirmed.
Simulation of Structural Transformations in Modified Near-Surface Layers of Crystals
Authors: Borodin Yury , Mantina Anastasia
Published: September 2019

Superlattice formation in thin layers of oxidizing crystals and the effect of near-surface proton saturation on structure ordering,formation and periodical distribution of quantum wells have been discussed. The paper shows, it is necessary to develop non-Euclidean approach to the crystal’s internal geometry and consider, in consecutive order, the question of the four-dimentional Riemannian space into three-dimentional Eucliden space interpretation (REinterpretation).
Biocompatibility of Porous SHS-TiNi
Authors: Gunter Victor , Yasenchuk Yuri , Gunther Sergey , Marchenko Ekaterina , Yuzhakov Mikhail
Published: September 2019

Implants made of porous SHS-TiNi alloys are successfully used in medicine to replace solid tissues of the human body. Self-propagating synthesis reaction of TiNi alloy was carried out through layer-by-layer combustion. XRD analysis of the phase composition and structural parameters of porous Ni50Ti50 alloy, as well as microscopic studies, were carried out. The structural methods employed in the study showed that the surface of porous SHS-TiNi alloys is a complex of dense layers of amorphous-nanocrystalline intermetallic oxycarbonitrides saturated with O, N, C intercalation impurities. The study of the surface layer S showed that the layer S consists of three layers: the foam layer F and two sublayers. Samples were studied for the nonuniform potential distribution in the cross section of interpore partitions. It was shown that they correlate with the structural phase inhomogeneity of the SHS-TiNi alloy. The structural studies carried out using different methods allowed us to reliably establish the presence of surface nonmetallic phases in the form of surface films and grain boundary inclusions formed during the self-propagating reaction synthesis of the porous TiNi alloy. High biochemical compatibility is ensured by specific surface layers of the porous alloy formed in the process of its metallurgy, which do not require additional surface modification.
Thermal Method as a Non-Destructive Testing of Thin-Walled Parts
Authors: Kaledin Valeriy O. , Budadin Oleg , Vyachkina Elena A. , Gileva Anna E. , Vyachkin Evgeniy S.
Published: September 2019

Non-destructive testing (NDT) of thin-walled parts is being considered. This technique is based on registration of changes in thermal fields created by sources on internal defects of the material. Mathematical model calculating surface temperatures of the part in each time-step has been built. The deduced system has been transformed into matrix format by the finite elements method. Solution has been found by the finite difference method. Actual tests has been conducted registering changes in surface temperature of the plate with symmetrical and asymmetrical internal source position. The model has been fine-tuned based on comparison of actual tests’ results with numerical calculations.
The Application of Reverberation in Method of Mechanoelectrical Transformations for Estimation of Stress-Strain State in Solid Dielectrical Matter
Authors: Khorsov Petr , Laas Roman , Surzhikov Anatoly P.
Published: September 2019

The paper assesses the possibility of using the reverberation phenomenon to control the imperfections and the stress-strain state of solid dielectric materials by the method of mechanoelectrical transformations. The main advantage of reverberation is the repeated intersections of the excitation zones of inhomogeneities by acoustic waves, that is displayed in response parameters. The reverberation makes it possible to accumulate distortions of wave fronts. A comparative analysis of the responses from the sample under condition of uniaxial compression under different loads was performed. Differential analysis for the deterministic time component of the response in the interval (0–0.3) ms, and a statistical analysis of the differences for the pseudo-random component in the interval (0.8–1.8) ms were performed. For the statistical analysis, the distribution of the pulse flow is selected. The response was calculated according to the mathematical model under the conditions of a change in the speed of sound, which simulates a change in the sample inhomogeneity under load. The calculation showed a qualitative similarity with changes in responses in a real experiment. According to the obtained results, it was concluded that it is possible to use the deterministic and pseudo-random components of the responses in the reverberation condition to control the change in defectiveness and the degree of heterogeneity under the action of the mechanical load on the sample.
Numerical Modeling of the Process of Thermal Impact of Wildfires on Buildings Located near Forests
Authors: Perminov Valery , Fraynova Kristina O. , Lukianov Alexander
Published: September 2019

The mathematical modeling of wildland fires impact on buildings have been carried out to study the effects of fires at different conditions of buildings ignition. The forest is modeling as a porous reactive medium. The formulation of this problem was developed using standard nonstationary three-dimensional Reynolds equations for flow in a multiphase reactive medium. These equations are solved numerically using finite volume method. The influence of meteorological conditions, properties of the forest and its state on the possibility of ignition of buildings located near forests is studied.
The Role of TTP Phosphorylation in the Regulation of Inflammatory Cytokine Production by MK2/3
Authors: Ronkina Natalia , Shushakova Nelli , Tiedje Christopher , Yakovleva Tatiana , Tollenaere Maxim A. X. , Scott Aaron , Batth Tanveer Singh , Olsen Jesper Velgaard , Helmke Alexandra , Bekker-Jensen Simon Holst , Clark Andrew R. , Kotlyarov Alexey , Gaestel Matthias
Published: September 2019

Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an RNA-binding protein and an essential factor of posttranscriptional repression of cytokine biosynthesis in macrophages. Its activity is temporally inhibited by LPS-induced p38MAPK/MAPKAPK2/3–mediated phosphorylation, leading to a rapid increase in cytokine expression. We compared TTP expression and cytokine production in mouse bone marrow–derived macrophages of different genotypes: wild type, MAPKAP kinase 2 (MK2) deletion (MK2 knockout [KO]), MK2/3 double deletion (MK2/3 double KO [DKO]), TTP-S52A-S178A (TTPaa) knock-in, as well as combined MK2 KO/TTPaa and MK2/3 DKO/TTPaa. The comparisons reveal that MK2/3 are the only LPS-induced kinases for S52 and S178 of TTP and the role of MK2 and MK3 in the regulation of TNF biosynthesis is not restricted to phosphorylation of TTP at S52/S178 but includes independent processes, which could involve other TTP phosphorylations (such as S316) or other substrates of MK2/3 or p38MAPK. Furthermore, we found differences in the dependence of various cytokines on the cooperation between MK2/3 deletion and TTP mutation ex vivo. In the cecal ligation and puncture model of systemic inflammation, a dramatic decrease of cytokine production in MK2/3 DKO, TTPaa, and DKO/TTPaa mice compared with wild-type animals is observed, thus confirming the role of the MK2/3/TTP signaling axis in cytokine production also in vivo. These findings improve our understanding of this signaling axis and could be of future relevance in the treatment of inflammation.
Ten years after: capital flows and the global monetary order*
Authors: Reininger Thomas , Schuberth Helene , Wögerer Michael
Published: September 2019

Cross-border bank flows, which had surged in the run-up to the global financial crisis (GFC), shrank significantly after the GFC. According to our findings, this development did not point to financial deglobalization, as was widely expected. Instead, it reflected a cross-border deleveraging of (core) European banks seeking to restore their capital positions. The GFC triggered regulatory reforms that were remarkable, especially with regard to the banking system. Nevertheless, the opportunity to fundamentally overhaul the regulatory regime in general and the global monetary order in particular was not seized. While regulatory reform has progressed incrementally during the last decade, the partial retreat of the USA from multilateralism has brought this issue back onto the table.
Risks of a slow-motion EMU reform
Authors: Andor László
Published: September 2019

The article provides a critical assessment of how the Economic and Monetary Union was designed, implemented and reformed in the European Union and discusses the risks of a slow-motion reform process. It is argued that the fact that the euro area economy has recovered in the last few years has become a source of complacency and delays. In particular, powerful forces continue to downplay the importance of systemic reconstruction and the risk of disintegration remains high despite the relative tranquillity of markets in the 2014–2018 period. Finally, the article evaluates competing paradigms about the eurozone crisis and the pros and cons of fiscal capacity building.
Karl Marx: an early post-Keynesian? A comparison of Marx's economics with the contributions by Sraffa, Keynes, Kalecki and Minsky*
Authors: Hein Eckhard
Published: September 2019

This paper compares Marx's economics with those by Sraffa, Keynes, Kalecki and Minsky. The paper takes an ‘ex post’ view on the matter and looks at the output side of the respective authors, but not at the input side. This means no attempt is made to study in a systematic way whether and to what extent Sraffa, Keynes, Kalecki and Minsky were individually influenced by Marx's work. First, the relationship between Marx's theory of value and Sraffa's reformulation of the classical theory of prices and distribution is reviewed. Then the relationship between Marx's and Keynes's monetary theory is examined, relying on an interpretation of Marx's theory of value as a ‘monetary theory of value’. Next, some light is shed on the Marx–Kalecki connection, focusing on Marx's theory of simple and extended reproduction and the built-in, although not fully elaborated, ‘principle of effective demand’ and the related theories of distribution and accumulation. Finally, Marx's and Minsky's views on financial instability and crises are scrutinised. It is concluded that Marx should not be considered as an ‘early post-Keynesian’ but rather as an important forerunner of modern post-Keynesianism, with certain similarities, but also some important differences, and several areas of compatibility.
Deglacial abrupt climate changes: not simply a freshwater problem
Authors: Alvarez-Solas Jorge , Montoya Marisa , Robinson Alexander
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Imposing freshwater flux (FWF) variations in the North Atlantic is an effective method to cause reorganizations of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in climate models. Through this approach, models have been able to reproduce the abrupt climate changes of the last glacial period. Such exercises have been useful for gaining insight into a wealth of processes regarding the widespread climatic consequences of AMOC variations. However, an issue that has passed unnoticed is the fact that the timing of the FWF applied in these studies is inconsistent with reconstructions. Here we focus on the deglaciation to show that imposing a FWF that is derived from the sea-level record results in a simulated AMOC evolution in a poor fit with the data, revealing an inconsistency between the generally accepted FWF mechanism and the resulting climatic impacts. Based on these negative results, we propose that the trigger of deglacial abrupt climate changes is not yet fully identified and that mechanisms other than FWF forcing should be explored more than ever.
The European Union Radiological Data Exchange Platform (EURDEP): 25 years of monitoring data exchange
Authors: Sangiorgi Marco , Hernandez Ceballos Miguel Angel , Jackson Kevin , Cinelli Giorgia , Bogucarskis Konstantins , de Felice Luca , Patrascu Andrei , De Cort Marc
Published: September 2019

Abstract. During the early phase of an accident with release of radioactive material to the atmosphere having an environmental impact at local or transboundary scale, a rapid and continuous notification and exchange of information including real-time environmental monitoring data to competent authorities and the public is essential to effect appropriate countermeasures. A rapid exchange of information and data must be carried out in a harmonised and consistent manner to facilitate its interpretation and analysis. After the Chernobyl accident in 1986, and in order to avoid that competent authorities be unprepared again for a similar event, the European Commission defined and put in place a Directive (Council Decision 87/600/EURATOM) which essentially obliges a member state that decides to implement widespread countermeasures to protect its population to notify the European Commission without delay. The same Council Decision also specifies that the results of radiological monitoring must be made available to the Commission and all potentially affected member states. Over the past 30 years, the European Commission has invested resources in developing and improving a complete system to carry out this delicate task, currently composed of two platforms: the European Community Urgent Radiological Information Exchange, ECURIE, and the European Radiological Data Exchange Platform, EURDEP. This paper aims to increase knowledge of this latter system as a valuable tool to understand and analyse the radioactivity levels in Europe. Commencing with background information, in this paper, we will describe the EURDEP system in detail, with an emphasis on its status, data availability, and how these data are diffused depending on the audience. Within the scope of this publication, we describe an example of measurements available in the EURDEP system, to be used for scientific purposes. We provide two complete datasets (air concentration samples, http://data.europa.eu/89h/23cbc7c4-4fcc-47d5-a286-f8a4edc8215f (De Cort et al., 2019a) and gamma dose rates, http://data.europa.eu/89h/0f9f3e2d-c8d7-4f46-bbe7-eacf3eed1560 (De Cort et al., 2019b)) for the recent radiological release of 106Ru in Europe which occurred between the end of September and early October 2017. Records stored are publicly accessible through an unrestricted repository called “COLLECTION” belonging to JRC Data Public Catalogue ( https://data.jrc.ec.europa.eu).
SEN12MS – A CURATED DATASET OF GEOREFERENCED MULTI-SPECTRAL SENTINEL-1/2 IMAGERY FOR DEEP LEARNING AND DATA FUSION
Authors: Schmitt M. , Hughes L. H. , Qiu C. , Zhu X. X.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The availability of curated large-scale training data is a crucial factor for the development of well-generalizing deep learning methods for the extraction of geoinformation from multi-sensor remote sensing imagery. While quite some datasets have already been published by the community, most of them suffer from rather strong limitations, e.g. regarding spatial coverage, diversity or simply number of available samples. Exploiting the freely available data acquired by the Sentinel satellites of the Copernicus program implemented by the European Space Agency, as well as the cloud computing facilities of Google Earth Engine, we provide a dataset consisting of 180,662 triplets of dual-pol synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image patches, multi-spectral Sentinel-2 image patches, and MODIS land cover maps. With all patches being fully georeferenced at a 10 m ground sampling distance and covering all inhabited continents during all meteorological seasons, we expect the dataset to support the community in developing sophisticated deep learning-based approaches for common tasks such as scene classification or semantic segmentation for land cover mapping.
DETERMINATION OF DETAILED MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES FOR PHENOTYPING OF SUGAR BEET PLANTS USING 3D-STEREOSCOPIC DATA
Authors: Scholz O. , Uhrmann F. , Wolff A. , Pieger K. , Penk D.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The sugar beet is the primary source of sugar in Europe and large parts of the world. Tools to determine plant traits with high precision and high throughput are required for the breeding process to quantify the effects of genetic and environmental factors on plant development and yield. In this work, we propose a method to gain a limited yet significant set of descriptive parameters for sugar beet plants. Using optical methods, a 3D representation of each plant is generated and subsequently segmented manually. A customized leaf model developed specifically for sugar beet plants then models the leaves, yielding a vector of descriptive parameters for each leaf. The resulting data is then compared to plant assessments of the same plants performed by sugar beet experts in order to evaluate the viability of automatic plant assessment in the sugar beet breeding process.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UNSUPERVISED AND SEMI-SUPERVISED REPRESENTATION LEARNING FOR REMOTE SENSING IMAGE CATEGORIZATION
Authors: Soto P. J. , Bermudez J. D. , Happ P. N. , Feitosa R. Q.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. This work aims at investigating unsupervised and semi-supervised representation learning methods based on generative adversarial networks for remote sensing scene classification. The work introduces a novel approach, which consists in a semi-supervised extension of a prior unsupervised method, known as MARTA-GAN. The proposed approach was compared experimentally with two baselines upon two public datasets, UC-MERCED and NWPU-RESISC45. The experiments assessed the performance of each approach under different amounts of labeled data. The impact of fine-tuning was also investigated. The proposed method delivered in our analysis the best overall accuracy under scarce labeled samples, both in terms of absolute value and in terms of variability across multiple runs.
USING COHERENT SCATTERERS IN TIME SERIES OF HIGH RESOLUTION SAR IMAGES FOR THE MONITORING OF CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY
Authors: Villamil Lopez C. , Stilla U.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. In this paper, we present a method for detecting and quantifying changes due to construction activity in time series of high resolution SAR images. We propose to detect these changes by the appearance or disappearance of a large number of coherent scatterers, rather than by looking at changes in SAR amplitude or coherence. These coherent scatterers, which appear mainly in buildings and other man-made structures, will be detected in each individual image by analysing their stability across multiple frequency sub-bands. This implies that long time series are not required, unlike for other similar approaches based in persistent scatterer interferometry, and that this approach can be applied for the monitoring of fast changing areas such as temporary settlements. The presented approach will be applied for monitoring the construction activity taking place during the preparations for two large festivals in Munich, Germany.