bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Codeswitching
Authors: Bishop Melissa M. , Peterson Mark
Published: June 2015

The purpose of this chapter is to overview the topic of language codeswitching—which refers essentially to the alternation between two languages in communication by bilinguals. The history of codeswitching, motivations for codeswitching, and the use of codeswitching in the media and in advertising are discussed. Further, the appropriateness of using this language style to reach consumers in advertising is also examined in light of language attitudes and general attitudes toward the practice. Greater understanding of how to employ bilingual advertising (such as codeswitching) among an increasingly interconnected world still remains of interest to international and cross-cultural advertisers.
The Political Logic of Free, Libre, Open Source Software
Authors: Davila Jacinto
Published: June 2015

Information technology development is a must for societies in the whole world and, particularly, in the so-called third world. However, which particular research goal and which mode of research are suitable for that development are questions that need careful consideration and reasoning. In this chapter, we try to explore those reasons by visiting the logic in Free, Libre, Open Source Software, FLOSS, as a general concept. It is a political logic, because it clearly interferes and is interfered by dominant economical policies with respect to issues such as knowledge diffusion, copyrights and intellectual property. In the chapter, we explore available evidence over which principles are actually held and how that is done. Our highest goal, however, is to show that information technologies are best understood in the wider context of socio-political games and any suggestion of the opposite is itself a move in some of those games.
Impact and Potential of Emerging Technologies for Fostering Democracy
Authors: Manzoor Amir
Published: June 2015

In recent years, several case studies have appeared on how emerging technologies had an impact in bringing grass root political changes. It has been widely argued that emerging technologies are influencing democracy all over the world. This chapter explores how emerging technologies support various pillars of democracy (freedom of expression and freedom of press, rule of law, human rights, and individual liberty) to strengthen and foster the democratic processes. While there exist substantial evidence that technology provides strong support to democracy, significant issues still exist and need to be addressed for emerging technology to contribute to democracy. The chapter discusses these issues and offer recommendations for better use of emerging technologies for democracy.
Peer-to-Peer Outreach and Promotion
Authors: Twait Michelle
Published: June 2015

This chapter offers both examples and recommendations for involving undergraduate students in academic library outreach efforts. Librarians at Gustavus Adolphus College employ a variety of methods for connecting with undergraduate students through their peers. Specifically, an internship program is described, along with initiatives developed through collaboration with student organizations on campus. In addition, the relationship between outreach efforts and the educational mission of academic libraries is discussed.
A Modified SSLPS Algorithm with Logistic Pseudo-Random Sequence Generator for Improving the Performance of Neka Power Plant
Authors: Mozaffari Ahmad , Emami Mehdi , Azad Nasser L. , Fathi Alireza
Published: June 2015

Metaheuristic techniques have successfully contributed to the development and optimization of large-scale distributed power systems. The archived literature demonstrate that the modification or tuning of the parameters of specific metaheuristics can provide powerful tools suited for optimization of power plants with different types of constraints. In spite of the high potential of metaheuristics in dealing with such systems, most of the conducted researches only address the optimization of the electrical aspects of power systems. In this research, the authors intend to attest the applicability of metaheuristics for optimizing the mechanical aspects of a real-world large-scale power plant, i.e. Neka power plant sited in Mazandaran, Iran. To do so, firstly, based on the laws of thermodynamics and the physics of the problem at hand, the authors implement a mathematical model to calculate the values of exergetic efficiency, energetic efficiency, and total cost of the Neka power plant as three main objective functions. Besides, a memetic supervised neural network and Bahadori's mathematical model are used to calculate the dynamic values of specific heat over the operating procedure of the power plant. At the second stage, a modified version of a recent spotlighted Pareto based multiobjective metaheuristic called synchronous self-learning Pareto strategy (SSLPS) is proposed. The proposed technique is based on embedding logistic chaotic map into the algorithmic architecture of SSLPS. In this context, the resulting optimizer, i.e. chaos-enhanced SSLPS (C-SSLPS), uses the response of time-discrete nonlinear logistic map to update the positions of heuristic agents over the optimization procedure. For the sake of comparison, strength Pareto evolutionary algorithm (SPEA 2), non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) and standard SSLPS are taken into account. The results of the numerical study confirm the superiority of the proposed technique as compared to the other rival optimizers. Besides, it is observed that metaheuristics can be successfully used for optimizing the mechanical/energetic parameters of Neka power plant.
TYPHLOREICHEIA DELLA SARDEGNA: DESCRIZIONE DI TRE NUOVI TAXA E DATI GEONEMICI INEDITI (COLEOPTERA, CARABIDAE)
Authors: Magrini Paolo , Fancello Luca
Published: June 2015

Nella presente nota vengono descritti tre nuovi taxa di Typhloreicheia Holdhaus, 1924 del Sud della Sardegna e riportati nuovi dati geonemici relativi a Typhloreicheia degiovannii Magrini, 2003 e Typhloreicheia raymondi (Putzeys, 1869). T. petriolii n. sp. di Monte Idda (San Priamo, Muravera, Cagliari), appartenente al “gruppo occulta”, sensu Magrini & Bulirsch 2002, diversa da tutte le altre specie del gruppo per l’edeago meno incurvato ventralmente, l’apice meno inflesso, la lamella copulatrice più corta e ristretta apicalmente anziché dilatata. T. abbazzii n. sp. di Arbus (San Gavino Monreale, Medio Campidano), caratterizzata da un edeago con apice fortemente ricurvo ventralmente e lamella copulatrice costituita da grosse spine evanescenti posizionate lungo il margine inferiore dell’apice dell’edeago, caratteri che pongono la nuova specie in posizione isolata nell’ambito del genere. T. leoi pilosa n. ssp. del Parco di Monte Marganai, loc. Mamenga (Carbonia-Iglesias), appartenente al “gruppo angelae”, sensu Magrini 2003. La nuova razza si differenzia dalla forma tipica essenzialmente per la morfologia esterna: presenza di setole discali elitrali su tutte le interstrie (dalla due alla sette), solo nelle interstrie 3-5-7 nella forma tipica e per l’habitus nettamente più dilatato, specialmente a livello delle elitre, come indicano le misure riportate nel testo.
UPDATING THE TAXONOMY AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE EUROPEAN OSMODERMA, AND STRATEGIES FOR THEIR CONSERVATION (COLEOPTERA, SCARABAEIDAE, CETONIINAE)
Authors: Audisio Paolo , Brustel Hervé , Carpaneto Giuseppe Maria , Coletti Giorgia , Mancini Emiliano , Piattella Emanuele , Trizzino Marco , Dutto Moreno , Antonini Gloria , De Biase Alessio
Published: June 2015

Results of a molecular analysis on the European hermit beetles (the Osmoderma eremita species-complex), recently published in a companion paper, are shortly dis- cussed and commented. These results indicate a clear-cut distinction between two clades. The first one includes the W-European O. eremita Scopoli, 1763, and the two Italian endemic taxa O. italicum Sparacio, 2000 and O. cristinae Sparacio, 1994, from southern peninsular Italy and Sicily, respectively. The second one includes the widespread E-European O. barnabita Motschulsky, 1845 (nom. resurr.), and the southern Balcanic O. lassallei Baraud & Tauzin, 1991 from Greece and European Turkey. Within the two clades, molecular data well support a specific rank for O. lassallei and O. barn­abita on one side, and of O. eremita and O. cristinae on the other side, while the taxonomic position of O. italicum, more closely related with O. eremita, is still uncertain, waiting for analysis of additional specimens of this very rare taxon. Current geographical distribution, interspecific genetic diversification, and relatively low levels of intraspecific genetic divergence in O. eremita sensu stricto, are hypothesized to be the result of multiple speciation events (mainly occurred in refugial forest areas of the Italian and Balkan peninsulas and Sicily before and during the Pleistocene glacial peaks), followed by fast post-glacial northward and westward expansion of some species. The need of further genetic data on the rare and threatened hermit beetle species and the importance of more detailed information on their distribution ranges are emphasized and discussed, in order to plan conservation strategies in the near future. An updated worldwide checklist of the species of the genus Osmoderma is finally presented.
ON SOUTHERN ANATOLIAN DOLICHOPODA BOLIVAR, 1880 WITH TAXONOMIC NOTES ON THE GENUS HELLERINA GALVAGNI, 2006 (ORTHOPTERA, RHAPHIDOPHORIDAE)
Authors: Rampini Mauro , Di Russo Claudio
Published: June 2015

In this paper a new synonymy Hellerina Galvagni, 2006 = Dolichopoda Bolivar, 1880 and a new combination Hellerina lycia Galvagni, 2006 = Dolichopoda lycia (Galvagni, 2006). A redescription of male morphology and female description are reported. The affinity with the other Anatolian Dolichopoda and with some species of the sub genus Petrochilosina Boudou-Saltet, 1980, characterized by a bifurcated epiphallus, are discussed.
UN NUOVO RHEGMATOBIUS DEL LAZIO (COLEOPTERA, CARABIDAE)
Authors: Magrini Paolo , Degiovanni Augusto
Published: June 2015

Nella presente nota viene descritto Rhegmatobius petriolii n. sp. della Grotta l’Arnale N° 871 La/Fr (Lazio), specie di grosse dimensioni ben distinta da R. quadricollis (Ehlers, 1883) per il pronoto più stretto e allungato, le antenne più lunghe e soprattutto per la diversa conformazione dell’edeago, in particolare in visione ventrale.
LA COMUNITÀ MACROBENTONICA DELL’ALTO METAURO (APPENNINO UMBRO-MARCHIGIANO)
Authors: Grilli Paolo , Balsamo Maria
Published: June 2015

La parte alta del bacino idrografico del Fiume Metauro (Appennino Umbro-Marchigiano) è stata oggetto di una campagna di ricerca annuale finalizzata alla caratterizzazione della comunità macrobentonica. In quattro stazioni di raccolta è stata riscontrata una comunità di elevata ricchezza tassonomica, alla quale contribuivano taxa stenoeci con valore di indicatori e/o di importanza biogeografica. I popolamenti sono apparsi differenti nelle varie stazioni e nelle diverse stagioni, mostrando nel complesso una relazione inversa tra ricchezza tassonomica e abbondanza del taxon dominante. La diversità tassonomica era più elevata nelle stazioni a maggiore altitudine, caratterizzate da sedimenti grossolani, mentre una sensibile riduzione del numero di taxa è stata osservata lungo l’asta fluviale, dove è apparsa evidente la dominanza di taxa eurieci. La diversità della comunità macrobentonica osservata dimostra l’importanza faunistica ed ecologica del tratto pedemontano del fiume Metauro, evidenziando l’opportunità di una sua gestione attenta alla tutela e alla conservazione.
LE ZANZARE ITALIANE: GENERALITÀ E IDENTIFICAZIONE DEGLI ADULTI (DIPTERA, CULICIDAE)
Authors: Severini Francesco , Toma Luciano , Di Luca Marco , Romi Roberto
Published: June 2015

Nel presente lavoro vengono riportate le informazioni essenziali su tassonomia e biologia nonché sugli aspetti ecologici degli adulti dei Culicidi italiani. Attualmente la fauna culicidica italiana comprende 64 specie appartenenti a 2 sottofamiglie e 8 generi. Alla sottofamiglia Anophelinae appartiene soltanto il genere Anopheles, presente con 16 specie raggruppate in due sottogeneri. Alla sottofamiglia Culicinae appartengono i rimanenti 7 generi: Aedes con 6 specie raggruppate in 3 sottogeneri, Coquillettidia con 2 specie, Ochlerotatus con 20 specie raggruppate in 3 sottogeneri, Culex con 12 specie raggruppate in 4 sottogeneri, Culiseta con 6 specie raggruppate in 3 sottogeneri, Orthopodomyia e Uranotaenia con una specie ognuna. In questo contesto vengono fornite le chiavi di identificazione specifica per le zanzare adulte, in italiano e in inglese. Le chiavi sono corredate da un’ampia iconografia (figure 1-75). Alle chiavi fa seguito la diagnosi morfologica dell’adulto di ogni specie con note sulla relativa biologia e distribuzione. Per ulteriori approfondimenti viene riportata la bibliografia completa sulle zanzare della fauna italiana dal 1960 ed i precedenti lavori più autorevoli.
An overview on the most outstanding Italian endemic moth, Brahmaea (Acanthobrahmaea) europaea (Lepidoptera: Brahmaeidae)
Authors: Mosconi Fabio , Zilli Alberto , Spicciarelli Renato , Maurizi Emanuela , Vigna Taglianti Augusto , Audisio Paolo
Published: June 2015

The state of knowledge about the European Bramea, Brahmaea (Acanthobrahmaea) europaea Hartig, 1963, is briefly summarized in relation to growing concern about the conservation status of the most outstanding Italian endemic moth species.
Cosmos, Chaos and the Kosher Mentality
Authors: Bryan David
Published: June 2015

This is an innovative investigation of the puzzling animal imagery found in three 2nd-century BCE texts: the Animal Apocalypse (1 Enoch 85-90), the Testament of Naphtali and Daniel 7. It urges that a sense of cultural change is required to understand this well-known imagery, and argues in particular that the mentality underlying the kosher legislation played a significant, even if unconscious, role in the imagination of the various authors. A reading of the Animal Apocalypse is offered which argues that the author utilized the unclean precisely because they represent for him the forces of chaos set in opposition to God. Bryan acknowledges that the bizarre creatures of T. Naph. 5 and Daniel 7 belong to a different kind of imagery (Mischwesen), but argues that awareness of the influence of the kosher mentality opens up new explanations. As mixed creatures, they represent a radical break with order. They are an intense form of unclean creature, and those whom they represent are perceived to be living embodiments of the powers of chaos.
Vertical variation of optical properties of mixed Asian dust/pollution plumes according to pathway of air mass transport over East Asia
Authors: Shin S.-K. , Müller D. , Lee C. , Lee K. H. , Shin D. , Kim Y. J. , Noh Y. M.
Published: June 2015

Abstract. We use five years (2009–2013) of multiwavelength Raman lidar measurements at Gwangju, South Korea (35.10° N, 126.53° E) for the identification of changes of optical properties of East Asian dust depending on its transport path over China. Profiles of backscatter and extinction coefficients, lidar ratios, and backscatter-related Ångström exponents (wavelength pair 355/532 nm) were measured at Gwangju. Linear particle depolarization ratios were used to identify East Asian dust layers. We used backward trajectory modeling to identify the pathway and the vertical position of dust-laden air masses over China during long-range transport. Most cases of Asian dust events can be described by the emission of dust in desert areas and subsequent transport over highly polluted regions of China. The Asian dust plumes could be categorized into two classes according to the height above ground at which these plumes were transported: (case I) the dust layers passed over China at high altitude levels (> 3 km) until arrival over Gwangju, and (case II) the Asian dust layers were transported near the surface and within the lower troposphere (< 3 km) over industrialized areas before they arrived over Gwangju. We find that the optical characteristics of these mixed Asian dust layers over Gwangju differ depending on their vertical position above ground over China and the change of height above ground during transport. The mean linear particle depolarization ratio was 0.21 ± 0.06 (at 532 nm), the mean lidar ratios were 52 ± 7 sr at 355 nm and 53 ± 8 sr at 532 nm, and the mean Ångström exponent was 0.74 ± 0.31 for case I. In contrast, plumes transported at lower altitudes (case II) showed low depolarization ratios (0.13 ± 0.04 at 532 nm), and higher lidar ratio (63 ± 9 sr at 355 nm and 62 ± 8 sr at 532 nm) and Ångström exponents (0.98 ± 0.51). These numbers show that the optical characteristics of mixed Asian plumes are more similar to optical characteristics of urban pollution. We find a decrease of the linear depolarization ratio of the mixed dust/pollution plume depending on transport time if the pollution layer traveled over China at low heights, i.e., below approximately 3 km above ground. In contrast, we do not find such a trend if the dust plumes traveled at heights above 3 km over China. We need a longer time series of lidar measurements in order to determine in a quantitative way the change of optical properties of dust with transport time.
New particle-dependent parameterizations of heterogeneous freezing processes: sensitivity studies of convective clouds with an air parcel model
Authors: Diehl K. , Mitra S. K.
Published: June 2015

Abstract. Based on the outcome of laboratory results, new particle-dependent parameterizations of heterogeneous freezing were derived and used to improve and extend a two-dimensional spectral microphysics scheme. They include (1) a particle-type dependent parameterization of immersion freezing using the numbers of active sites per mass, (2) a particle-type and size-resolved parameterization of contact freezing, and (3) a particle-type dependent description of deposition freezing. The modified microphysical scheme was embedded in an adiabatic air parcel model with entrainment. Sensitivity studies were performed to simulate convective situations and the impact of ice nuclei concentrations and types on ice formation. As a central diagnostic parameter the ice water fraction IWF was selected which is the relation of the ice water content to the total water content. The following parameters were varied: initial aerosol particle number size distributions, types of ice nucleating particles, strength of convection, and the fractions of potential ice nucleating particles. Single and coupled freezing processes were investigated. The results show that immersion freezing seems to be the most efficient process and, in competition with contact freezing, the dominant process. Contact freezing is constrained by the collision kernel between supercooled drops and potential ice nucleating particles and becomes relevant at temperatures lower than −25 °C. The importance of deposition freezing lies in secondary ice formation, i.e. small ice particles produced by deposition nucleation trigger the freezing of supercooled drops by collisions. Thus, a broader ice particle spectrum is generated than by immersion and contact freezing. Competition of contact and deposition freezing is negligible because of involved particle sizes. As already suggested in literature, mineral dust particles seem to be the most important ice nucleating particles. Biological particles are probably not involved in significant ice formation.
Modelling the climatic drivers determining photosynthesis and carbon allocation in evergreen Mediterranean forests using multiproxy long time series
Authors: Gea-Izquierdo G. , Guibal F. , Joffre R. , Ourcival J. M. , Simioni G. , Guiot J.
Published: June 2015

Abstract. Climatic drivers limit several important physiological processes involved in ecosystem carbon dynamics including gross primary productivity (GPP) and carbon allocation in vegetation. Climatic variability limits these two processes differently. We developed an existing mechanistic model to analyse photosynthesis and variability in carbon allocation in two evergreen species at two Mediterranean forests. The model was calibrated using a combination of eddy covariance CO2 flux data, dendrochronological time series of secondary growth and forest inventory data. The model was modified to be climate explicit in the key processes addressing the acclimation of photosynthesis and the pattern of C allocation, particularly to water stress. It succeeded in fitting both the high- and the low-frequency response of stand GPP and carbon allocation to stem growth. This would support its capability to address both C-source and C-sink limitations. Simulations suggest a decrease in mean stomatal conductance in response to a recent enhancement in water stress and an increase in mean annual intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) in both species during the last 50 years. However, this was not translated into a parallel increase in ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE). The interannual variability in WUE closely followed that in iWUE at both sites. Nevertheless, long-term decadal variability in WUE followed the long-term decrease in annual GPP matching the local trend in annual precipitation observed since the late 1970s at one site. In contrast, at the site where long-term precipitation remained stable, GPP and WUE did not show a negative trend and the trees buffered the climatic variability. In our simulations these temporal changes were related to acclimation processes at the canopy level, including modifications in LAI and stomatal conductance, but also partly related to increasing [CO2] because the model includes biochemical equations where photosynthesis is directly linked to [CO2]. Long-term trends in GPP did not match those in growth, in agreement with the C-sink hypothesis. The model has great potential for use with abundant dendrochronological data and analyse forest performance under climate change. This would help to understand how different interfering environmental factors produce instability in the pattern of carbon allocation and, hence, the climatic signal expressed in tree rings.
Uncertainty in mapped geological boundaries held by a national geological survey:eliciting the geologists' tacit error model
Authors: Lark R. M. , Lawley R. S. , Barron A. J. M. , Aldiss D. T. , Ambrose K. , Cooper A. H. , Lee J. R. , Waters C. N.
Published: June 2015

Abstract. It is generally accepted that geological line work, such as mapped boundaries, are uncertain for various reasons. It is difficult to quantify this uncertainty directly, because the investigation of error in a boundary at a single location may be costly and time consuming, and many such observations are needed to estimate an uncertainty model with confidence. However, it is recognized across many disciplines that experts generally have a tacit model of the uncertainty of information that they produce (interpretations, diagnoses, etc.) and formal methods exist to extract this model in usable form by elicitation. In this paper we report a trial in which uncertainty models for geological boundaries mapped by geologists of the British Geological Survey (BGS) in six geological scenarios were elicited from a group of five experienced BGS geologists. In five cases a consensus distribution was obtained, which reflected both the initial individually elicited distribution and a structured process of group discussion in which individuals revised their opinions. In a sixth case a consensus was not reached. This concerned a boundary between superficial deposits where the geometry of the contact is hard to visualize. The trial showed that the geologists' tacit model of uncertainty in mapped boundaries reflects factors in addition to the cartographic error usually treated by buffering line work or in written guidance on its application. It suggests that further application of elicitation, to scenarios at an appropriate level of generalization, could be useful to provide working error models for the application and interpretation of line work.
A Clinical Study of 100 Cases of Obstructed Labour and Its Fetomaternal Outcome
Authors: Kiran Ashmita , Singh Rakesh Ranjan , Sinha Anant Narayan , Sinha Anant Narayan
Published: June 2015

Prevention is the foundation stone of safe and successful obstetrics. Many factors responsible for disastrous outcome of obstructed labour can be nullified to a large extent by sustained and planned effort, improvement of socio economic condition and educational standard, awareness of antenatal and internal care, availability of medical facilities in remote areas and health education with advice of family welfare can minimize the unfortunate outcome of OL. We studied 100 cases of obstructed labour and its fetomaternal outcome.
Health Identity: Theoretical and empirical development of a health education concept
Authors: Grabowski Dan
Published: June 2015

In school-based health education, it is often difficult to present health in ways children and adolescents accept as relevant and meaningful. This often results in misconceived approaches that have little or no effect on acquisition of health knowledge or changes in health behaviour. Many approaches only manage to appeal to children and adolescents who are already healthy. One way to approach this is to look at the role identity plays in health. Implementing a concept of identity within health education poses two main challenges, which are addressed in the objectives of the present paper: to theoretically and empirically develop a concept of health identity, and to make this concept useable in health education practice. Against the backdrop of these challenges and objectives, the paper proposes the following definition of a concept of health identity: “Children’s and adolescents' observations and expectations concerning their own health, their knowledge about health and in what ways their health is related and comparable to the health of others.” This health identity concept – based on Luhmann’s theories of observation and expectational structures supplemented with Taylor’s theories on social imaginaries and horizons of significance – provides a new framework for identity theory and health education research and development.
Congenital Paraesophageal Hernia in a Cat
Authors: Tong Kim , Guillou Reunan , Vét Doc
Published: June 2015

A 3 mo old male domestic shorthair weighing 2 kg was presented for acute onset of anorexia, lethargy, paradoxical breathing, and a palpable mass effect in the cranial abdomen. Initial diagnostics and imaging suggested a pleuroperitoneal or hiatal hernia. Emergency abdominal exploration was performed, and a complex type II paraesophageal hiatal hernia was identified. The entire stomach, greater and lesser omenta, spleen, left limb of the pancreas, and the proximal segment of the descending duodenum were herniated through a discrete defect in the phrenicoesophageal ligament. After reduction of the herniated organs back into the abdomen, a phrenicoplasty, esophagopexy, and left-sided fundic gastropexy were performed. The cat recovered uneventfully from the procedure and was free of any signs of disease for at least 30 mo postoperatively. This is the first detailed report of the findings and successful surgical treatment of a complex congenital, type II paraesophageal hiatal hernia with complete herniation of the stomach, omenta, and spleen in a cat.
Cerebral Ventriculitis Associated with Otogenic Meningoencephalitis in a Dog
Authors: Wu Chih-Ching , Chang Ya-Pei
Published: June 2015

A dog was evaluated for rapidly progressive mentation change, ataxia, and tetraparesis. The dog's neurological status deteriorated drastically. It became comatose with bilateral mydriasis, and the pupillary light reflex was absent. An anti-inflammatory dose of methylprednisolone was administered, and temporary stabilization of neurological status was achieved. MRI findings were suggestive of ventriculitis and meningoencephalitis originating from the left tympanic cavity. A gadolinium leakage phenomenon was noted, likely resulting from severe damage to the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier during the inflammatory process. Analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid and materials in the left tympanic cavity further confirmed the diagnosis. Following surgical and antibiotic treatment, the dog recovered well with only a mild residual head tilt. Seven months after surgery, the dog had a recurrent infection of the left tympanic cavity without intracranial involvement. A second surgery led to an uneventful recovery, and the dog was clinically normal except for a mild head tilt 3 yr after the initial presentation. This is the first report describing ventriculitis associated with otogenic meningoencephalitis in dogs and a gadolinium leakage phenomenon displayed on MRI. The long-term outcome of ventriculitis-complicated otogenic meningoencephalitis in dogs could be satisfied with prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Sternal Cleft Associated with Cantrell's Pentalogy in a German Shepherd Dog
Authors: Benlloch-Gonzalez Manuel , Poncet Cyrill
Published: June 2015

A 5 mo old male German shepherd dog weighing 15.5 kg was presented with an abdominal wall hernia and exercise intolerance. Physical examination showed a grade II/VI systolic heart murmur and an area of cutaneous atrophy overlying a midline supraumbilical wall defect. Thoracic radiography, computed tomography, and ultrasound examination revealed a congenital caudal sternal cleft, a supraumbilical diastasis rectus, and a patent ductus arteriosus. Exploratory surgery confirmed defects of the pars sternalis of the diaphragm and caudoventral pericardium and a persistent left cranial vena cava. Those findings were compatible with Cantrell's pentalogy. Surgical treatment included ligation of the patent ductus arteriosus through the sternal cleft, diaphragmatic reconstruction with paracostal extension of the diaphragmatic defect, pericardial and linea alba appositional reconstruction, and primary approximation of the sternal halves. Growth and exercise activity were normal 10 mo after surgery. The discovery of a midline cranial abdominal wall, pericardial, diaphragmatic, or sternal defect should prompt a thorough examination to rule out any possible associated syndrome. Cantrell's pentalogy presents various degrees of expression and is rare in dogs. Management involves early surgical repair of congenital anomalies to protect the visceral structures. The prognosis in dogs with mild forms of the syndrome is encouraging.
Clinical Signs, Treatment, and Outcome in Cats with Myeloma-Related Disorder Receiving Systemic Therapy
Authors: Cannon Claire M. , Knudson Christina , Borgatti Antonella
Published: June 2015

Myeloma-related disorder (MRD) is an uncommon disease in cats, for which there is no established standard of care. In this retrospective study, we evaluated presentation, response to treatment, and toxicity in cats with MRD receiving systemic treatment. Previously reported prognostic factors were evaluated for their impact on survival in cats receiving chemotherapy. Of fifteen cases identified, thirteen received melphalan or cyclophosphamide +/- corticosteroids as first-line therapy. Chlorambucil was commonly used as rescue therapy in cats with progressive disease, or in cases of chemotherapy-related toxicity with first line agents. Overall response rates were 71% and 83% for melphalan- and cyclophosphamide-treated cats, respectively. Discontinuation of melphalan due to toxicity was common. Survival times for cats initially treated with melphalan or cyclophosphamide were not significantly different (median 252 and 394 days, respectively), and no statistically significant prognostic factors were identified. This study suggests that the combination of cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids is well tolerated and may be considered as first-line therapy for cats with systemic MRD.
Outcome and Prognostic Indicators in Cats Undergoing Splenectomy for Splenic Mast Cell Tumors
Authors: Kraus Kelly A. , Clifford Craig A. , Davis Garrett J. , Kiefer Kristina M. , Drobatz Kenneth J.
Published: June 2015

This was a multi-institutional retrospective study evaluating the outcome and clinical parameters associated with the postoperative prognosis of 36 cats with splenic mast cell tumors treated with splenectomy. Clinical parameters reviewed included signalment, clinical history, results of staging tests, surgical variables, administration of blood products, presence of metastasis, postoperative complications, administration of chemotherapy postoperatively, chemotherapy protocol, and response to chemotherapy. Overall median survival time was 390 days (range, 2–1737 days). Administration of a blood product (P < .0001), metastasis to a regional lymph node (P = .022), and evidence of either concurrent or historical neoplasia (P = .037) were negatively associated with survival. Response to chemotherapy (P = .0008) was associated with an improved median survival time. Larger-scale prospective studies evaluating different chemotherapy protocols are required to elucidate the discrepancy between lack of survival benefit with administration of chemotherapy and improvement in survival time with positive response to chemotherapy.
Recorrido por el patrimonio geológico y minero del Bajo Aragón, desde Seno a Aguaviva, Mas de las Matas, Foz - Calanda y Alcorisa
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Pocoví Juan Andrés , Sanz Balagué Joaquim , Vilaltella Jaume
Published: June 2015

En esta ocasión se realizará un itinerario localizado en un área totalmente situada en la comarca del Bajo Aragón, desde principio a fin, entre las localidades de Seno y Alcorisa, pasando además por los municipios de Aguaviva, Foz Calanda y la Ginebrosa (en este caso, muy tangencialmente). Por otra parte, el recorrido se centrará en su totalidad en el Sistema Ibérico. Encontrándose diferentes afloramientos de los materiales mesozoicos y de los materiales cenozoicos. En el primer caso, nos encontraremos fundamentalmente con afloramientos de los materiales del Jurásico y sobretodo del Cretácico, fundamentalmente del Albiense. Precisamente, algunas de las diferentes paradas del recorrido las efectuaremos en los afloramientos de la Formación Utrillas y otros en los de la Formación Escucha.  Por lo que concierne a los afloramientos de los materiales cenozoicos, cabe señalar que en su mayoría pertenecen al Oligoceno, el cual recubre parte de las formaciones mesozoicas mencionadas anteriormente. No obstante, a lo largo del recorrido nos centraremos fundamentalmente en el conocimiento del Patrimonio Geológico y Minero. Sin duda alguna, la conservación, valorización y utilización de este patrimonio es un importante factor económico a tener en cuenta.
Recorregut de recerca geològica i mineralògica per la comarca de l’Alt Urgell: des de Sant Joan Fumat i a les Bordes de Conflent i a Aós de Civís
Authors: Mata Perelló Josep Maria , Sanz Balagué Joaquim
Published: June 2015

Itinerari realitzat el 14 de juliol de 2014. En aquesta ocasió, el recorregut de l´itinerari discorrerà  íntegrament pel Sistema Pirinenc; i més concretament per la Unitat dels Apilaments Antiformes de la Zona Axial, (és a dir, per l´antigament denominada "Zona Axial Pirinenca"). Així, travessarà aquesta zona en el recorregut que es farà entre la Farga de Moles, les Bordes de Conflent i Aós de Civís; és a dir, es tallarà aquest sector en la major part del recorregut de l´itinerari.  Així, al llarg de tot l´itinerari es trobaran afloraments dels materials de l´Ordovicià (amb esquistos, quarsites i calcosquistos) i del Silurià amb pissarres negres, fonamentalment). També trobarem aflorament de les granodiorites del Carbonífer. Per altra banda, el recorregut de l´itinerari discorrerà per una sola comarca, la de l´Alt Urgell, entre la Farga de Moles, Sant Joan Fumat, les Bordes de Conflent i Aós de Civís.
GASTRONOMSKI SADRŽAJI RURALNOG TURIZMA SRBIJE
Authors: Marinoski Naume , Stamenković Predrag , Conić Momčilo
Published: June 2015

Agroturizam terminološku upotrebu u etimološkom pogledu nalazi u agraru, što znači da je osnova razvoja ovog oblika turizma poljoprivreda. Ali poljoprivreda ne podrazumeva samo tradicionalne i ekstenzivne forme, već i napredne koje su intenzivnog karaktera, kao na primer razvijeni kombinatski tip. Nije sporno da se ruralni turizam vezuje, između ostalih i za poljoprivredne aktivnosti. Po ovoj logici on pripada agroturizmu. Međutim, u ovom kontekstu se radi o tradicionalnim oblicima zemljoradnje i stočarstva. Njihovo unapređenje kao deo turističke ponude podrazumeva očuvanje atraktivnosti. Pored toga, činjenica da se aktivnosti ruralnog turizma ne svode samo za poljoprivredu,  već da se u okviru njega kao ponuda uključuju i uslužno-tradicionalno zanatstvo, herbalne, gastronomske, lovne i ribolovne aktivnosti, aktivnosti etnografskog karaktera i kreativne aktivnosti socijalne prirode ukazuje na to da je on šira kategorija od agrarnog turizma.
ELEKTRONSKO UČENJE U SRBIJI PRIMENOM MOODLE SOFTVERA
Authors: Milićević Violeta , Milićević Zoran , Milić Nenad
Published: June 2015

Softverom Moodle kreiraju se kursevi i Web sajtovi koji su namenjeni za elektronsko učenje. Raspoloživ je besplatno kao softver otvorenog izvornog koda. Relativno je jednostavan sistem, malih hardverskih i softverskih zahteva. Pogodan je za realizaciju kurseva koji se izvode u potpunosti online ili onih koji se primenjuju kao dodatak klasičnoj nastavi. Uzimajući u obzir današnji značaj elektronskog učenja, smatrali smo da je od interesa analizirati softverski paket Moodle. Iz tog razloga, u ovom radu analizirane su glavne prednosti i nedostaci elektronskog učenja kao i osnovni elementi kursa. Poseban akcenat dat je na analizi Moodle-a, njegovim korisnicima kao i na njegovoj dosadašnjoj primeni u našoj zemlji.
MODELI SMANjENjA INFORMACIONO KOMUNIKACIONIH TROŠKOVA U SAVREMENOM POSLOVANjU
Authors: Viduka Dejan , Viduka Biljana , Todorović Aleksandar
Published: June 2015

U ovom radu su prikazane mogućnosti smanjenja troškova u informatičkom sektoru koristeći više modela kao što su: primena računarstva u oblaku, Open Source softvera i alternativnih rešenja, kao i mogućnosti rentiranja kako opreme tako i radne snage za obavljanje određenih poslova. Blago smo se osvrnuli na problem primene nelegalnog softvera i ponudili alternativna softverska rešenja za obavljanje iste delatnosti po nižim cenama. Sve prikazano u radu je kako cilj imalo smanjenja troškova tako i optimizacije istih za dobijanje što boljih proizvoda i usluga.
СЕЛЕКТИВНИ ОБЛИЦИ ТУРИЗМА У ФУНКЦИЈИ ОДРЖИВОГ РАЗВОЈА НАЦИОНАЛНОГ ПАРКА „ШАР- ПЛАНИНА“
Authors: Redžić Vesna
Published: June 2015

Од степена заштите, унапређења и функционалног коришћења природних и антропогених добара увелико зависи будући развој националног парка „Шар-планина“. Туризам има могућност да обезбеди квалитетан однос према окружењу, да допринесе превазилажењу досадашњих препрека у развоју и афирмише простор националног парка. Величином, очуваношћу екосистема, геоморфолошким, хидролошким, климатским, биогеографским, пејзажним, естетским и антропогеним карактеристикама национални парк „Шар-планина“ има повољне услове за развој домаћег и иностраног туризма. Циљ истраживања је указивање на селективне облике туризма који могу задовољити потребе савременог туристе, пружити јединствено искуство проистекло из контакта човека и природе и уједно допринети успостављању модела одрживог развоја. У раду се истиче да селективни облици туризма могу да створе додатне вредности за туристе, развију слабо развијену регију и очувају и унапреде постојеће заштићене ресурсе уколико се примерено концепту одрживог развоја укључе у туристичку понуду.
МАРКЕТИНГ КОНЦЕПТ У ФУНКЦИЈИ УНАПРЕЂЕЊА ТУРИСТИЧКОГ ПОСЛОВАЊА
Authors: Ubavić Predrag
Published: June 2015

Почетком друге половине двадесетог века настала је једна нова филозофија привређивања позната као маркетинг концепт. Маркетинг је настао ради решавања проблема производње, у условима, када је понуда била већа од тражње, а његов крајњи циљ је био реализација произведене робе и остваривање профита за предузеће. Примена маркетинг концепта у услужним делатностима, а самим тим и у туризму, условљена је, пре свега, основним карактеристикама предмета размене на тржишту услуга. Маркетинг концепт у области туризма подразумева добро познавање тржишта, планско прилагођавање понуде тражњи и успешно остваривање циљева пословања.
THE ĐA BÚT PERIOD IN NORTHERN VIETNAM: CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Authors: Trinh Hiep Hoang , Huffer Damien
Published: June 2015

This paper presents an overview of the pre-agricultural, ceramic producing, Neolithic Đa Bút culture in its archaeological, bioarchaeological and environmental contexts. Drawing on numerous examples from the ‘grey literature,’ often published solely in Vietnamese, we review the diversity of known sites and the faunal, floral, material cultural, mortuary and osteological evidence they provide regarding the structure, life histories and foodways of Đa Bút communities. We conclude with a discussion of possible future research directions that would improve what is known about the inhabitants of lowland northern Vietnam during this period, should appropriate new sites be discovered.
L’hégémonie et les programmes d’éducation autochtone au Mexique et au Brésil (1940-1970)
Authors: Duque  Platero Lígia , Fiuza Alice
Published: June 2015

Dans cet article, l’auteure présente des renseignements sur les programmes d’éducation autochtone des agences indigénistes du Brésil et du Mexique, entre 1940 et 1970, et elle propose également un survol de l’influence de ces programmes sur les processus de formation d’hégémonie des États au sens large, au sein des peuples amérindiens de ces pays durant la même période. Les écoles de l’Institut national indigéniste (INI), au Mexique, et surtout celles du Service de protection de l’Indien (SPI), au Brésil, ont mis l’accent sur l’enseignement de la langue nationale dans leurs programmes et elles ont exercé une influence sur la création de l’idée d’existence de la nationalité « métisse », visant le « développement » et l’« intégration » des peuples autochtones à la nation. Dans les deux pays, les missions religieuses ont participé à l’éducation autochtone, notamment le Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL). Au Mexique, la participation des promoteurs culturels bilingues en tant qu’« intermédiaires culturels » entre les institutions indigénistes et les communautés s’est avérée un élément clé pour la formation de l’hégémonie. Au Brésil, les enseignants étaient « non autochtones » et leur influence fut moins importante.
L’organisation autochtone devant l’installation de parcs éoliens sur l’isthme d’Oaxaca, au Mexique
Authors: Noronha Melo Tavares Clarissa , Fiuza Alice
Published: June 2015

Cette note de recherche retrace la situation de la colonie Álvaro Obregón de la municipalité de Juchitán, dans l’État d’Oaxaca, au Mexique. L’auteure décrit la façon dont la communauté autochtone binnizá (zapotèque), menacée par l’installation d’un projet énergétique éolien sur son territoire, s’est mobilisée pour retrouver son autonomie politique et exercer le pouvoir communal au moyen d’une assemblée générale de citoyens. L’objectif de cette recherche est d’analyser la manière dont les peuples amérindiens d’Oaxaca ont réagi face aux investissements majeurs des projets de développement, soutenus par les États nationaux et les secteurs privés, qui menaçaient leur territoire.
Les origines huronnes-wendates de Kanesatake
Authors: Lozier Jean-François
Published: June 2015

Cet article propose de jeter un nouvel éclairage sur l’histoire des collectivités « iroquoises » de la région de Montréal pendant la deuxième moitié du xviie siècle, et plus particulièrement sur celle de Kanesatake, en accentuant l’apport fondateur d’une population d’origine huronne-wendate. Des Hurons, rejoignant la vallée du Saint-Laurent après des décennies de résidence plus ou moins contrainte en Iroquoisie, jouent en effet un rôle de premier plan vers 1667 lors de l’établissement de Kentake (La Prairie, plus tard Kahnawake), puis, à la suite d’une rupture, de Kanesatake (La Montagne, devenue ensuite Sault-au-Récollet et Lac-des-Deux-Montagnes) en 1675. Bien que ces individus d’origine huronne aient été voués à l’assimilation iroquoise à moyenne et longue échéance, les archives recèlent quelques indices des identités et solidarités résiduelles qui ne s’estompent que graduellement. Vers 1740, une crise politique, dont l’explication nous invite à faire un détour par Détroit, vient rappeler ces origines huronnes de Kanesatake.
Résistances novatrices de peuples autochtones face au pillage de leurs territoires et de leurs ressources en Amérique latine
Authors: Langlois Denis
Published: June 2015

L’Amérique latine n’échappe pas à l’exploitation de territoires hier difficilement accessibles. De ce fait, l’offensive de l’industrie extractive, notamment de la part d’entreprises canadiennes, engendre des impacts négatifs multiples sur la vie et les droits des populations (pollution des eaux, alimentation délétère, maladies diverses). Les peuples autochtones, dont le mode de vie et l’identité sont profondément marqués par leur rapport à la terre et à la nature, se retrouvent donc dans un nouveau cycle de luttes pour la protection de leurs territoires et la préservation d’un mode de vie équilibré avec les contingences de la nature. Leurs résistances sont diverses et innovatrices du point de vue de l’émancipation des peuples et de leurs droits. Non seulement questionnent-ils le modèle de développement dominant, mais ils mettent également en cause le pouvoir de décision des États sur le sens du développement, un pouvoir quasi absolu qui se substitue au droit des peuples à disposer d’eux-mêmes et à décider de leur propre développement.
Les actualités de la tente tremblante chez les Eeyous
Authors: Wattez Paul
Published: June 2015

La cérémonie de la tente tremblante,koaspskikan, est l’un des rituels les plus documentés de la littérature anthropologique classique. Les analyses qui en ont été faites sont pour la plupart descriptives. L’observation d’une cérémonie de la tente tremblante en 2009 au sein de la communauté eeyoue de Waswanipi (Cris du Québec) incite à s’y intéresser de nouveau en anthropologie du point de vue contextuel. Plusieurs pistes de réflexions et d’interrogations sont élaborées ici à partir d’informations empiriques et bibliographiques rassemblées autour de trois axes : les spécificités de la réitération de la cérémonie de la tente tremblante à Waswanipi, dans le monde eeyou et à l’échelle algonquienne, les transformations de l’économie, de la démographie et de la religion chez les Eeyous, et la réinterprétation des descriptions sur la tente tremblante d’après deux modèles anthropologiques : l’un, classique, sur le rituel et l’autre, contemporain, sur la spiritualité.
Compensatory induction of MYC expression by sustained CDK9 inhibition via a BRD4-dependent mechanism
Authors: Lu Huasong , Xue Yuhua , Yu Guoying K , Arias Carolina , Lin Julie , Fong Susan , Faure Michel , Weisburd Ben , Ji Xiaodan , Mercier Alexandre , Sutton James , Luo Kunxin , Gao Zhenhai , Zhou Qiang
Published: June 2015

CDK9 is the kinase subunit of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb) that enables RNA polymerase (Pol) II's transition from promoter-proximal pausing to productive elongation. Although considerable interest exists in CDK9 as a therapeutic target, little progress has been made due to lack of highly selective inhibitors. Here, we describe the development of i-CDK9 as such an inhibitor that potently suppresses CDK9 phosphorylation of substrates and causes genome-wide Pol II pausing. While most genes experience reduced expression, MYC and other primary response genes increase expression upon sustained i-CDK9 treatment. Essential for this increase, the bromodomain protein BRD4 captures P-TEFb from 7SK snRNP to deliver to target genes and also enhances CDK9's activity and resistance to inhibition. Because the i-CDK9-induced MYC expression and binding to P-TEFb compensate for P-TEFb's loss of activity, only simultaneously inhibiting CDK9 and MYC/BRD4 can efficiently induce growth arrest and apoptosis of cancer cells, suggesting the potential of a combinatorial treatment strategy.