bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEIKSIS DALAM BAHASA NGAJU (DEIXIS IN NGAJU LANGUAGE)
Authors: Suelti Suelti
Published: January 2021

Deiksis dalam Bahasa Ngaju. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif, suatu metode yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan membuat gambaran informasi sistematik, faktual, dan akurat atas data yang ditemukan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut. (1) wujud deiksis orang dalam bahasa Ngaju: meliputi (a) kata ganti orang dalam tuturan, seperti kata aku (aku/saya), ikau (kamu), ikei (kami), itah (kita), iye (dia), ewen (mereka), dan keton (kalian). (b). kata sapaan dalam tuturan, seperti mina (tante/bibi), indue (ibu), umai (ibu) mama (paman), bue (kakek), tambie (nenek), esu (cucu) dan Bapa (ayah/Bapak). (2) wujud deiksis tempat meliputi (a) kata tunjuk tempat atau arah, seperti hong kanih (di sana), hong hete (di situ), ka kanih (ke sana), ka hete (ke situ) , dan hong hetoh (di sini). (b) kata tunjuk tempat seperti hong penda (di bawah), hong hunjun ( di atas), hong silan (di samping), hong huang (di dalam) , hong luar (di luar), hong ngiwa (di hilir), dan hong parak kayu (di hutan), (3) wujud deiksis waktu dalam tuturan yaitu: meliputi keterangan waktu seperti kata andau tuh (hari ini) , wayah tuh (saat ini), metuh-tuh (sekarang, endau (tadi), kareh (nanti), jewu (besok), male (kemarin) alem endau (tadi malam), minggu kareh (minggu nanti), tiap andau (tiap hari), helo (dulu), bihin (dahulu) ,dan huran (dahulu). (4) wujud deiksis sosial dalam tuturan bahasa Ngaju dalam penelitian ini tidak ditemukan.Kata-kata kunci: deiksis, bahasa ngaju
KESANTUNAN TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF ANTARGURU DI SDIT UKHUWAH BANJARMASIN (THE POLITENESS OF DIRECTIVE SPEECH ACT USED AMONG TEACHERS OF SDIT UKHUWAH BANJARMASIN)
Authors: Aliyah Siti
Published: January 2021

Kesantunan Tindak Tutur Direktif antarguru di SDIT Ukhuwah Banjarmasin. Kesantunantindak tutur guru dalam interaksi di sekolah berperan untuk menjaga keharmonisan antarguru dansebagai keteladanan untuk para siswa dalam pendidikan karakter dan memahami bagaimana etikaatau budi pekerti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tentang kesantunan tindak tuturdirektif antarguru di SDIT Ukhuwah Banjarmasin. Secara objektif, penelitian ini bertujuan untukmendeskripsikan tentang: (1) Wujud kesantunan tindak tutur direktif antarguru, (2) Strategi kesantunantindak tutur direktif antarguru, dan (3) Fungsi kesantunan tindak tutur direktif antraguru. Pendekatanyang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SDITUkhuwah Banjarmasin dengan mengambil data berupa tindak tutur antarguru dalam interaksi sehariharidi sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data yang232terkumpul kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan kualitatif serta kesimpulan diambil dengan caradeduktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesantunan tindak tutur antarguru di SDIT Ukhuwahtelah menerapkan wujud, strategi, dan fungsi kesantunan. Wujud kesantunan tindak tutur direktifantarguru menunjukkan wujud kesantunan dalam tindak tutur memerintah, meminta, menyarankan,dan bertanya. Wujud kesantunan dari keempat tindak tutur direktif tersebut menggunakan penandakesantunan maaf, minta tolong, dan permisi serta menggunakan kalimat deskriptif dan introgatif.Strategi kesantunan tindak tutur direktif antarguru menggunakan strategi langsung dan tidak langsung,sedangkan fungsi kesantunan tindak tutur direktif antarguru, yaitu fungsi kesantunan dalam tindaktutur memerintah, meminta, menyarankan, dan bertanya.Kata-kata kunci: kesantunan berbahasa, tindak tutur direktif, wujud kesantunan, strategi kesantunan,fungsi kesantunan
KELISANAN DALAM NOVEL PEREMPUAN HUJAN KARYA HAMAMI ADABY (ORALITY IN PEREMPUAN HUJAN NOVEL BY HAMAMI ADABY)
Authors: Taqwiem Ahsani
Published: January 2021

Kelisanan dalam Novel Perempuan Hujan karya Hamami Adaby. Perkembangan kebudayaantidak bisa melepaskan diri sepenuhnya dari kebudayaan sebelumnya, maka dapat dipahami bahwatradisi tulis tidak serta-merta menghapuskan unsur-unsur tradisi lisan yang mendahuluinya. Sastraadalah salah satu unsur di dalam kebudayaan manusia, oleh karena itu perkembangan sastra selalusejalan dengan perkembangan kebudayaan manusia.Secara objektif, penelitian ini bertujuan untukmendeskripsikan tentang wujud kelisanan di dalam novel Perempuan Hujan karya Hamami Adaby.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan strukturalismedinamik.Di dalam penelitian ini sumber data yang digunakan adalah sumber data primer.Data-datayang digunakan diambil langsung dari novel Perempuan Hujan karya Hamami Adaby.Sedangkaninstrumen utama adalah peneliti sendiri.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan data-datayang berhasil dikumpulkan secara umum maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa di dalam novel PerempuanHujan masih terdapat pengaruh kelisanan yang dapat ditelurusi.Dengan analisis yang cermat,ditemukan enam unsur-unsur kelisanan pada novel Perempuan Hujan. Unsur-unsur itu antara lainadalah bersifat homeostatis serta adanya pemikiran yang kontekstual; menggunakan gaya penambahdan kopius; adanya penyajian tokoh datar dan ajaran moral.Kata-kata kunci: novel, karakteristik kelisanan, wujud kelisanan
KESANTUNAN DIREKTIF DAN EKSPRESIF DALAM WACANA FILM KARTUN ADIT SOPO JARWO (DIRECTIVE AND EXPRESSIVE POLITENESS IN THE DISCOURSE OF THE CARTOON FILM OF ADIT SOPO JARWO)
Authors: Astuti Maulida
Published: January 2021

Kesantunan Direktif dan Ekspressif dalam Film Kartun Adit Sopo Jarwo. Kesantunan pada zamansekarang semakin berkurang, hal ini dapat disebabkan zaman yang semakin modern, kesantunanberhubungan dengan budaya dimasyarakat tersebut. Film kartun dapat digunakan sebagai media61pembelajaran untuk pendidikan karakter anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan wujud,strategi, dan fungsi kesantunan direktif dan ekspresif dalam wacana film kartun Adit Sopo Jarwo.Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian pragmatik dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif danmenggunakan metode deskriptif. Data penelitian adalah tuturan jenis direktif dan ekspresif dan sumberdatanya adalah wacana film kartun Adit Sopo Jarwo. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan dokumentasidan ditranskripsi. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis melalui empat tahap, yakni mengklasifikasikan data,reduksi data, penyajian data dan penyimpulan. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan databerupa tabel yang telah dirancang peneliti untuk mengklasifikasikan data sesuai dengan jenis tuturandan berdasarkan wujud, strategi, dan fungsinya. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapatdisimpulkan bahwa dalam menilai santun tidaknya suatu tuturan dapat dilihat dari konteks tuturanitu berlangsung. Kesantunan dapat dikaitkan dengan usia, kekuasaan, dan derajat kekerabatan.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian wujud kesantunan direktif dalam wacana film kartun Adit Sopo Jarwomeliputi, direktif permintaan, direktif pertanyaan, direktif perintah, direktif larangan dan direktifpersilaan atau pengizinan; sedangkan wujud kesantunan ekspresif meliputi, ekspresif mengucapkanterima kasih, ekspresif menyesalkan, ekspresif permintaan maaf, dan ekspresif mengecam. Adapunstrategi kesantunan direktif dan ekspresif adalah strategi kesantunan negatif (strategi penghormatan)dan strategi kesantunan positif (strategi kesetiakawanan). Serta fungsi kesantunan direktif dan ekspresifyakni, fungsi menyatakan, fungsi menanyakan, dan fungsi memerintah.Kata-kata kunci: kesantunan direktif, kesantunan ekspresif, wujud kesantunan, strategi kesantunan,fungsi kesantunan
KATA ULANG DALAM VALENSI SINTAKSIS BAHASA BANJAR (WORD REDUPLICATION IN SYNTACTICAL VALENCE OF BANJARESE LANGUAGE)
Authors: Rosahin Rahmi Nike
Published: January 2021

Kata Ulang dalam Valensi Sintaksis Bahasa Banjar. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui bentuk danmakna perulangan bahasa Banjar, serta kata ulang dalam valensi sintaksis bahasa Banjar. Penelitianini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian analisis wacana dan metode deskriptifanalisis. Seluruh kata ulang yang didapatkan dari hasil wawancara enam orang informan bersuku Banjarmerupakan data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini. Informan bersuku Banjar merupakan sumberdata. Teknik wawancara merupakan teknik yang digunakan penulis untuk mengumpulkan data dalampenelitian ini. Pengumpulan data melalui teknik wawancara ini menggunakan metode cakap teknikpancing, catat, dan rekam. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini berupa teks wawancara. Hasil penelitianini ditemukannya bentuk dan makna perulangan bahasa Banjar, serta valensi sintaksis dalam bahasaBanjar berdasarakan fungsi, kategori, dan peran. Bentuk-bentuk perulangan bahasa Banjar antara lain115bentuk perulangan seluruhnya; perulangan sebagian; perulangan dengan perubahan bunyi; perulangandengan pengulangan suku, yaitu suku pertama, suku pertama disertai imbuhan /-an/, dan suku kedua;perulangan dengan variasi fonem; dan perulangan berimbuhan. Makna perulangan bahasa Banjar adadua puluh yang terdapat dalam enam bentuk perulangan bahasa Banjar. Perulangan dalam valensisintaksis bahasa Banjar ada yang berfungsi sebagai subjek, predikat, dan objek dalam kalimat. Verbaverbadalam kalimat ini ada yang bervalensi dua dan bervalensi tiga.Kata-kata kunci: kata ulang, valensi sintaksis
MEMBANGUN KARAKTER PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI PENGUATAN KOMPETENSI PKn DAN PENERAPAN ALTERNATIF PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Jasrudin Jasrudin , Putera Zulfikar , Wajdi Farid
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui alternatif pendekatan pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan oleh guru (maupun calon guru) dalam membangun karakter peserta didik melalui keteladanan nilai, pendekatan perkembangan pengetahuan karakter, pendekatan analisis nilai, pendekatan klarifikasi nilai, dan pendekatan pembelajaran berbuat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kualitatif secara deskriptif dengan menerapkan studi dokumentasi dan wawancara. Analisis data berupa reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Pada pembahasan karya ilmiah ini, penulis mengkombain nilai-nilai karakter yang teraktualisasi dari olah pikir, olah hati, olahraga, serta olah rasa dan karsa seseorang atau sekelompok orang. Hasil penelitian yang merupakan tahap implementasi, adalah pengalaman belajar dan proses belajar mengajar yang arahnya pada pembentukan nilai-nilai karakter. Proses ini dilakukan dalam tiga lingkungan yaitu pendidikan formal (sekolah), informal (keluarga) dan nonformal (masyarakat). Adapun sebagai kesimpulan dalam upaya yang dapat ditempuh adalah dengan membangun karakter melalui sistem pendidikan yang tercerminkan dalam bentuk yang lebih luas, di mulai dari tahap implementasi melalui pengalaman belajar maupun dalam bentuk lebih kecil, yaitu berupa pengembangan nilai/karakter.Kata Kunci: Membangun karakter, pkn, moral kognitif
Policy and Programme Effect of COVID-19 on Economy in India
Authors: Kamala K.
Published: January 2021

The outbreak of COVID-19 brought social and economic life to a standstill. In this study the focus is on assessing the impact on affected sectors, such as aviation, tourism, retail, capital markets, MSMEs, and oil. International and internal mobility is restricted, and the revenues generated by travel and tourism, which contributes 9.2% of the GDP, will take a major toll on the GDP growth rate. Aviation revenues will come down by USD 1.56 billion. Oil has plummeted to 18-year low of $ 22 per barrel in March, and Foreign Portfolio Investors (FPIs) have withdrawn huge amounts from India, about USD 571.4 million. While lower oil prices will shrink the current account deficit, reverse capital flows will expand it. Rupee is continuously depreciating. MSMEs will undergo a severe cash crunch. The crisis witnessed a horrifying mass exodus of such floating population of migrants on foot, amidst countrywide lockdown. Their worries primarily were loss of job, daily ration, and absence of a social security net. India must rethink on her development paradigm and make it more inclusive. COVID 19 has also provided some unique opportunities to India. There is an opportunity to participate in global supply chains, multinationals are losing trust in China. To ‘Make in India’, some reforms are needed, labour reforms being one of them.
Simulated Fishing to Untangle Catchability and Availability in Fish Abundance Monitoring
Authors: Tobias Vanessa
Published: January 2021

In fisheries monitoring, catch is assumed to be a product of fishing intensity, catchability, and availability, where availability is defined as the number or biomass of fish present and catchability refers to the relationship between catch rate and the true population. Ecological monitoring programs use catch per unit of effort (CPUE) to standardize catch and monitor changes in fish populations; however, CPUE is proportional to the portion of the population that is vulnerable to the type of gear that is used in sampling, which is not necessarily the entire population. Programs often deal with this problem by assuming that catchability is constant, but if catchability is not constant, it is not possible to separate the effects of catchability and population size using monitoring data alone. This study uses individual-based simulation to separate the effects of changing environmental conditions on catchability and availability in environmental monitoring data. The simulation combines a module for sampling conditions with a module for individual fish behavior to estimate the proportion of available fish that would escape from the sample. The method is applied to the case study of the well-monitored fish species Delta Smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus) in the San Francisco Estuary, where it has been hypothesized that changing water clarity may affect catchability for long-term monitoring studies. Results of this study indicate that given constraints on Delta Smelt swimming ability, it is unlikely that the apparent declines in Delta Smelt abundance are due to an effect of changing water clarity on catchability.
Source of the hot Universe
Authors: Verozub Leonid
Published: January 2021

It is shown that the gravitational mass-energy defect could be the main cause of Big Bang energy and triggering inflation in the newborn Universe.
Identification the Need of Electronic-Based Physics Teaching Materials for Increasing Problem Solving Ability in the 21st Century
Authors: Tyas Lis , Harjana Harjana , Wahyuningsih Daru
Published: January 2021

Abstract: This study aims to identify and describe the need for physics teaching materials in the 21st century to increase problem-solving abilities in high school students. The research sample in this study were students of class X SMA Al Islam 1 Surakarta. Data analysis was carried out descriptively, the data obtained in this study were data from interviews, questionnaires, student learning outcomes on Business and Energy material. The results of this study indicate that students need teaching materials in the form of learning media that support the 21st century equipped with a learning model that can improve students' ability to solve problems, namely E-module STEM-PjBL-based.

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendiskripsikan kebutuhan bahan ajar fisika di abad 21 terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas. Sampel penelitian dalam penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas X SMA Al Islam 1 Surakarta. Analisis data dilakukan secara dekriptif, data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini berupa data hasil wawancara, angket, hasil belajar siswa pada materi Usaha dan Energi. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu siswa membutuhkan bahan ajar berupa media pembelajaran yang mendukung abad 21 dilengkapi dengan model pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah yaitu E-modul berbasis STEM-PjBL
Pengaruh Perbandingan Komposisi ZnO dan TiO2 dalam Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC) pada Dye Kangkung (Ipomoea aquatica)
Authors: Supriyanto Agus , Kurniawan Deny , Cari C
Published: January 2021

Abstract: Zinc oxide has the chemical formula ZnO, while titanium oxide has the chemical formula TiO2. Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are inorganic compounds. Zno and TiO2 are often used for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). This research was conducted by mixing ZnO and TiO2 as a photoanode. A mixture of ZnO and TiO2 is prepared by mixing ZnO and TiO2 in a ratio of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and then dissolved in ethanol. The natural dye used is water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) extract. The absorbance of natural kale dye has two quite high absorption spectra, ranging from 435-480 nm and 610-800. Each absorption spectrum has two photon absorption peaks at the wavelengths of 476 nm and 611 nm. The absorption values were 3.35724 a, u and 3.15647. Fabrication is carried out using FTO glass with a working area of 1 cm x 1 cm. The efficiency results obtained were ZnO/TiO2 (1:1) nanocomposites with an efficiency (η) of 0.08165%, ZnO/TiO2 (1:2) nanocomposites with an efficiency (η) of 0.20743% ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposites (1:3) with an efficiency (η) of 0.24044%.

Abstrak: Seng oksida memiliki rumus kimia ZnO, sedangkan titanium oksida yang memiliki rumus kimia TiO2. Seng oksida dan titanium dioksida adalah senyawa anorganik. Zno dan TiO2 sering digunakan untuk Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mencampurkan ZnO dan TiO2 sebagai fotoanoda. Campuran ZnO dan TiO2 dibuat dengan mencampurkan ZnO dan TiO2 dengan perbandingan 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 kemudian dilarutkan dalam etanol. Pewarna alami yang digunakan adalah ekstrak kangkung (Ipomoea aquatica). Absorbansi dari dye alami kangkung memiliki dua spektrum penyerapan yang cukup tinggi yaitu berkisar antara 435-480 nm dan 610-800. Masing-masing spektrum penyerapan memiliki dua puncak penyerapan foton yaitu pada panjang gelombang 476 nm dan 611 nm. Nilai absorbasnsi berturut-turut yaitu 3.35724 a,u dan 3.15647. Fabrikasi dilakukan menggunakan kaca FTO dengan luas kerja 1 cm x 1 cm. Hasil efisiensi diperoleh nanokomposit ZnO/TiO2 (1:1) dengan efisiensi (η) sebesar 0,08165%, nanokomposit ZnO/TiO2 (1:2) dengan efisiensi (η) 0,20743% nanokomposit ZnO/TiO2 (1:3) dengan efisiensi (η) 0,24044%.
Penerapan Multiple Overlapping Deprivation Analysis dalam Pembentukan Indeks Kemiskinan Multidimensi Anak di Kalimantan Barat
Authors: Rahman Arif , Muhammad Fathan Romdhoni
Published: January 2021

Kemiskinan merupakan salah satu masalah pembangunan yang masih menjadi fokus utama bagi setiap negara. Menurut BPS, pada tahun 2016 tingkat kemiskinan pada kelompok umur anak adalah yang paling tinggi. Selama ini, pengukuran kemiskinan anak biasanya masih menggunakan ukuran kemiskinan rumah tangga dimana tempat anak tersebut tinggal. Dengan demikian, anak yang tinggal pada rumah tangga miskin maka akan dianggap miskin, dan begitu juga sebaliknya. Padahal, karakteristik kemiskinan anak berbeda dengan kemiskinan rumah tangga. Selain itu, banyak pakar yang memberikan kritik terhadap pengukuran kemiskinan dari sisi moneter karena dianggap hanya mampu memotret sebagian kecil dari persoalan kemiskinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tingkat kemiskinan anak di Kalimantan Barat secara multidimensi menggunakan data Survei Sosial dan Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas) tahun 2019. Metode yang digunakan adalah Multiple Overlapping Deprivation Analysis (MODA) dengan 6 dimensi kemiskinan anak meliputi perumahaan, fasilitas, makanan dan nutrisi, pendidikan, perlindungan anak serta kesehatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 14,87% di Kalimantan Barat miskin secara multidimensi dengan rata-rata deprivasi yang dialami ialah 40,88% dari 12 indikator yang membentuk indeks. Dimensi yang paling berkontribusi terhadap kemiskinan anak di Kalimantan Barat adalah dimensi perumahan. Selanjutnya, kabupaten dengan indeks kemiskinan multidimensi (IKM) anak tertinggi adalah Melawi, Sekadau, Sintang, Kapuas Hulu, dan Landak.
Pengelompokan Kepedulian Lingkungan Masyarakat di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Sanitasi Layak Tahun 2020
Authors: Afifatul Ilma Widyatami  , Fajar Hari Dwiono  , Ineke Kristin Dwi Astuti  , Lady Deborah  , Viana Mei Reistiani  , Rani Nooraeni
Published: January 2021

UU No. 32 Tahun 2009  tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup menyatakan bahwa setiap orang berhak atas lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat sebagai bagian dari hak asasi manusia. Berdasarkan nilai IKLH Nasional tahun 2018 terdapat provinsi-provinsi yang nilai IKLH-nya lebih kecil dari nilai IKLH Nasional, salah satunya adalah Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Untuk megatasi permasalahan kepedulian lingkungan di Provinsi DIY, perlu dikaji bagaimana kondisi permasalahan masing-masing dimensi kepedulian lingkungan di level yang lebih kecil. Hal tersebut dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan kepedulian lingkungan dengan lebih terfokus pada wilayah-wilayah yang memang membutuhkan perhatian khusus. Oleh karena itu peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan pengelompokan kecamatan di Provinsi DIY berdasar indikator kepedulian lingkungan serta ingin mengetahui keterkaitan indikator kepedulian lingkungan terhadap sanitasi layak. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis inferensia dengan analisis cluster metode ragam minimum serta analisis regresi linier berganda dan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 78 kecamatan di DIY, diperoleh 3 cluster kecamatan, yaitu cluster dengan kepedulian lingkungan rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Masing-masing cluster tersebut mempunyai anggota 33, 34, dan 11 kecamatan. Sedangkan, berdasarkan analisis regresi linier berganda dimensi kepedulian lingkungan yang memiliki kaitan dengan akses sanitasi layak di Provinsi DIY adalah dimensi kepedulian terhadap pengelolaan air dan dimensi kepedulian terhadap penggunaan energi.
Characteristics of Maternal Venous Thromboembolism in Japan, 2018: A Retrospective Cohort Study with National Surveillance Questionnaire Conducted in Maternity Hospitals
Authors: Morikawa Mamoru , Adachi Tomoko , Itakura Atsuo , Nii Masafumi , Nakabayashi Yasushi , Kobayashi Takao
Published: January 2021

Background: In Japan, deliveries by women of older maternal age and by women with overweight or obesity have recently increased. While, since 2008, the guidelines and practices to prevent the maternal VTE have been recommended. This study aims to clarify the incidence and characteristics of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pregnant women in Japan to reduce the rate of mortality from VTE.Methods: Of 2299 institutions sent the surveillance questionnaire, 666 (29.0%) responded, and data from 295,961 women who gave birth in those institutions in 2018 were analyzed. We calculated the incidence and characteristics of VTE before and after the deliveries in the three types of institutions (perinatal medical centers, general hospital with obstetric facilities, and maternal clinic with beds). To clarify the incidence and characteristics of VTE, and to clarify the relationship between the incidence of the VTE and the types of institutions in 2018 in Japan.Results: At the responding institutions, 20 (0.0068%) died, and 243 women (0.082%) had VTE. Deep vein thrombosis was significantly more common (0.0053%) than pulmonary thromboembolism (0.0019%; p < 0.0001). The incidence of antepartum VTE (0.0055%) was significantly higher than that of postpartum VTE (0.0026%; p < 0.0001). Among the 165 women with antepartum VTE, perioperative pulmonary thromboembolism (30.0%) was more common than perioperative deep vein thrombosis (8.8%, p = 0.0150). The incidence of VTE after cesarean section (0.0074%) was significantly higher than that after vaginal delivery (0.0012%; p < 0.0001). After cesarean section, the incidence of pulmonary thromboembolism (46.4%) was significantly higher than that of deep vein thrombosis (10.8%; p < 0.0001). Of the women with VTE, four (1.6%) died.Conclusions: Obstetricians should be strongly encouraged to administer thromboprophylaxis to decrease the incidence of VTE because among women thought to have low risk of VTE, the incidence might have increased in Japan.
Targeting HECTD3-IKKα axis inhibits inflammation-related metastasis
Authors: Chen CeShi , Li Fubing , Liang Huichun , You Hua , Xiao Ji , Xia Hou-Jun , Chen Xi , Huang Maobo , Cheng Zhuo , Yang Chuanyu , Liu Wenjing , Zhang Hai-Lin , Zeng Li , Wu Yingying , Ge Fei , Li Zhen , Zhou Wenhui , Zhou Zhongmei , Liu Rong , Jiang Dewei , Wen Yi , Xie Ni , Kong Yanjie , Liang Bin
Published: January 2021

Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Surgery is a common intervention for most primary solid tumors; however, surgical trauma-related systemic inflammation facilitates distant tumor metastasis by increasing the spread and adhesion of tumor cells to vascular endothelial cells. Currently, there are no effective interventions to prevent distant metastasis. Here, we show that HECTD3 deficiency in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) significantly reduces tumor metastasis in tumor resection metastasis, LPS-induced metastasis and MMTV-Neu metastasis models. HECTD3 depletion downregulates expression of adhesion molecules, such as VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin, in mouse primary ECs and in human primary umbilical vein ECs stimulated by inflammatory factors and inhibits adhesion of tumor cells to ECs both in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that HECTD3 promotes stabilization and kinase activity of IKKα by ubiquitinating IKKα with K27- and K63-linked polyubiquitin chains at K296, increasing phosphorylation of histone H3 at Ser10 to promote NF-κB target gene transcription. IKKα kinase inhibitors prevented LPS-induced pulmonary metastasis. These findings reveal the promotional role of the HECTD3-IKKα axis in tumor hematogenous metastasis and provide a potential strategy for tumor metastasis prevention.
Prevalence and Factors Associated With Acute Malnutrition Among Children in Kamashi District, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Western Ethiopia, 2019
Authors: Bekele Simeneh , Fekadu Gedefaw , Achamyeleh Animaw
Published: January 2021

Background: Acute malnutrition among children is common in developing countries. Ethiopia is one of the Sub-Saharan African countries with high level of child malnutrition. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of acute malnutrition and associated factors among children aged 6-59 months in Kamashi district, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Ethiopia.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study design was conducted from October 26 to December 15, 2019, at Kamashi district. Eight hundred fourteen children were included in the study. The sample size was calculated using a single population proportion formula. Multistage sampling technique was employed to select children from households. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were taken. Descriptive and analytical data analysis was done using SPSS. Results: About 10% of children, aged 6–59 months in Kamashi district were acutely malnourished (95% CI: 8.7-13.1,). From these, 5.5 % (95 % CI: 4.5-7.9) were moderately malnourished and 4.3 % (95% CI: 3.4-6.4) were severely malnourished. About 0.4% children had edema. Children from care givers who attended primary (AOR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.06 - 0.41) or secondary education (AOR=0.21, 95% CI: 0.07-0.68), children who had been vaccinated to their age (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.18 -0.82) and children from mothers who attended postnatal care (AOR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.06-0.30) had lower odds of having acute malnutrition. On the other hand, children who had history of fever in the two weeks preceding the survey (AOR=4.01, 95% CI: 1.86-8.66), those children from families with <2 number of under-five children (AOR=3.63, 95% CI: 1.60-8.31) and children with lower birth interval (AOR= 3.27, 95% CI: 1.75-6.12) had higher odds of developing acute malnutrition.Conclusion: Acute malnutrition among children in Kamashi district was high. Increasing girl’s education may help to reduce acute malnutrition among children in Kamashi district. In addition, the district health office shall increase postnatal care attendance and vaccination at age to reduce acute malnutrition among children. The district health office shall work to increase inter-birth interval and prevent febrile illnesses among children.
Understanding the Efficacy of Concentrated Interstitial Carbon in Enhancing the Pitting Corrosion Resistance of Stainless Steel
Authors: Li Tianshu , Chien Szu-Chia , Ren Zhe , Windl Wolfgang , Ernst Frank , Frankel Gerald
Published: January 2021

By introducing a high fraction of interstitial carbon through low temperature carburization, the pitting corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel can be significantly improved. Previous work attributed this enhancement to the improvement of passive film properties. However, we show here that interstitial carbon actually weakens the passive film on stainless steel. In fact, the enhancement in pitting resistance is a result of carbon reducing the metal dissolution rate in a local pit environment by many orders of magnitude, which extremely decreases the growth stability of a pit and prevents it from transitioning into stable growth. Electronic structure calculations show that carbon bonds to the metal atoms and that the metal–carbon bonds are 1.6 to 2.0 times stronger than the metal–metal bonds. Different from prior theories, we show that the significant increase of pitting resistance originates from the formation of covalent bonds between interstitial carbon and its neighboring metal atoms, resulting in a significantly reduced dissolution rate. This study indicates a new strategy for the design of corrosion resistant alloys, namely alloying with concentrated interstitials that form strong bonds with the matrix atoms.
Health Literacy Level in a Various Nephrology Population: Predialysis Clinic, in-centre Hemodialysis and Home Dialysis
Authors: BEGIN Yannick , BOYER Annabel , DUPONT Julie , ROUSSEAU-GAGNON Mathieu , FERNANDEZ Nicolas , DEMIAN Maryam , SIMONYAN David , AGHARAZII Mohsen , MAC-WAY Fabrice
Published: January 2021

Background: Health literacy refers to the ability of individuals to gain access to, use, and understand health information and services in order to maintain a good health. It is especially important in nephrology due to the complexity of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study sought to define health literacy levels in patients followed in predialysis clinic, in-center dialysis (ICHD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) and home hemodialysis (HHD).Methods: This transversal monocentric observational study analysed 363 patients between October 2016 and April 2017. The Brief Health Literacy Screen (BHLS) and the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) were used to measure health literacy. Multivariate linear regressions were used to compare the mean scores on the BHLS and HLQ, across the four groups.Results: Patients on PD had a significantly higher BHLS’score than patients on ICHD (p=0.04). HLQ’s scores differed across the groups: patients on HHD (p=0.01) and PD (p=0.002) were more likely to feel understood by their healthcare providers. Compared to ICHD, patients on HHD were more likely to have sufficient information to manage their health (p=0.02), and patients in the predialysis clinic were more likely to report high abilities for health information appraisal (p<0.001).Conclusion: In a monocentric study, there is a significant proportion of CKD patients, especially in predialysis clinic and in-centre hemodialysis, with limited health literacy. Patients on home dialysis (HHD and PD) had a higher level of health literacy compared to the other groups.
Cortical Correlates in Upright Dynamic and Static Balance in the Elderly
Authors: Rubega Maria , Formaggio Emanuela , Marco Roberto Di , Bertuccelli Margherita , Cattelan Manuela , Bonato Paolo , Masiero Stefano , Felice Alessandra Del
Published: January 2021

Falls are the second leading cause of injury for the elderly worldwide. Physiological aging processes alter the ability to address unexpected balance perturbations and increase the probability of falling. Indeed, approximately 30% of adults older than 65 years experiences up to one fall/year. Investigating the neurophysiological patterns of static and dynamic balance in the elderly is an emerging area of research. This knowledge will provide a mechanistic basis to implement novel rehabilitation strategies and assistive devices to eventually reduce the risk of falls.
Our aim was to identify cortical and muscular correlates of static and dynamic balance in a cohort of younger and old healthy adults. We quantified cortical and muscular activation in 9 elderly and 8 younger healthy participants during a task of upright stance in static and dynamic (core board) conditions. To simulate real-life double-tasking while maintaining posture, a second set of experiments incorporated a visual oddball task.
During static balance, we observed high electroencephalographic (EEG) delta rhythm over the anterior cortex in the elderly and more diffused fast rhythms (i.e., alpha, beta, gamma band) in younger participants. By adding a visual oddball, the elderly increased theta activation over sensorimotor and occipital cortices.
During dynamic balance, the elderly recruited sensorimotor areas and increased muscle co-contraction, suggesting a preferen- tial motor strategy to maintain posture. This strategy was exasperated during the oddball task. The younger participants showed an overall reduced cortical and muscular activation compared to the elderly, with the noteworthy difference of a preferential activation of occipital areas reinforced during the oddball task, hinting to a likely visual strategy to maintain dynamic balance.
These results support the hypothesis of a different strategy during the life-span in addressing postural tasks as cognitive load increases. This knowledge will aid in tailoring age-specific rehabilitative and assistive interventions.
Treatment Strategies and Clinical Outcomes of Knee Osteoarthritis With Extra-Articular Deformity
Authors: Tao Mingzhen , Bu Yufan , Huo Jiabang , Wang Xinjie , Huang Guangxin , Zhang Haiyan , Zhao Chang , Cai Daozhang
Published: January 2021

ObjectiveTo evaluate the methods, indications, and efficacy of the treatment of knee osteoarthritis with extra-articular deformity. MethodsA retrospective study of eight patients (three males and five females) with knee osteoarthritis complicated with extra-articular femoral deformity from February 2011 to April 2019; with an average age of 62.9 years (range 57 to 70 years). There were eight cases of coronal malformation with a mean angle of 15.5° (range 5° to 24°), and three cases of sagittal deformity with a mean angle of 14.0° (range12–16°). All eight patients underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Three patients underwent femoral osteotomy and one-stage total knee arthroplasty, and one underwent femoral osteotomy and second-stage total knee joint replacement. ﻿ResultsThe mean follow-up time was 45.6 months (range 2 to 96 months). The average HSS score improved from 41.1 points (range, 28–53) preoperatively to 88.5 points (range, 71–95) at the time of the last follow-up. The average VAS score improved from 6.6 points (range, 3–10) preoperatively to 0.3 points (range, 0–1) at the time of the last follow-up. The average arc of knee motion improved from 66.3° (range 50° to 85°), preoperatively to 104.4°(range 95° to 120°) postoperatively. The average deviation of the mechanical axis of the knee improved from 17.3° (range 13° to 20°) preoperatively to 2.6°(range -6° to 6°) postoperatively. The differences between the preoperative data and postoperative follow-up data were statistically significant (P < 0.05). At the last follow-up visit, none of the eight patients had postoperative complications such as prosthesis loosening, infection, or deep vein thrombosis of the lower limbs. No bone nonunion, delayed union, or other complications occurred in the four patients with osteotomy. ConclusionAlthough it is difficult and complex to perform TKA surgery in patients with extra-articular deformity, a preoperative surgical plan should be made individually according to the patient's condition, and if necessary, the mechanical axis of the lower limbs can be effectively restored with the help of computer navigation technology or 3D printing technology, to achieve satisfactory surgical results.
Process Optimization with Acid Functionalised Activated Carbon derived from Corncob for Production of 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-Dioxolane and5-Hydroxy-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-Dioxane
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Sarma Anil , Jha Prof Mithilesh K , Gera Poonam
Published: January 2021

This study focuses on the application of the corncob derived base (NaOH) activated and acid (H2SO4) functionalized carbons for the glycerol valorization to produce 2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4-methanol (solketal), an oxygenated additive to fuel. The two derived catalysts viz., AAC-CC and AC-CC were subjected to various techniques for the determination of their structural properties and their comparison is made on the basis of characteristics and conversion into the final product. The conjugated boat structure of AAC-CC resulted very high surface area (779.8 m2/g) and higher pore volume (0.428cc/g) of AAC-CC that unveil its suitability as better among the two catalytic pathways during the solketal production. The acidic catalyst shows the highest catalytic activity as compared to basic due to the availability of the more active sites to the catalyst that will help in the reaction for higher conversion. The face cantered composite design (FCCD) of RSM was applied for the optimization of the reaction parameters for the ketalisation reaction. From the optimized results, the acidic catalyst AAC-CC gives higher glycerol conversion, i.e. 80.3% than the basic catalyst AC-CC i.e. 72.12% under the actual laboratory experiment. Moreover, the catalyst could be reused for three consecutive batch reactions without (< 5%) much reduction of activity and no distinctive structural deformity.
Small RNA proﬁling for identification of microRNAs involved in regulation of seed development and lipid biosynthesis in yellowhorn
Authors: Wang Li , Ruan Chengjiang , Bao Aomin , Li He
Published: January 2021

Background

Yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium), an endemic woody oil-bearing tree, has become economically important and is widely cultivated in northern China for bioactive oil production. However, the regulatory mechanisms of seed development and lipid biosynthesis affecting oil production in yellowhorn are still elusive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in diverse aspects of biological and metabolic processes in seeds, especially in seed development and lipid metabolism. It is still unknown how the miRNAs regulate the seed development and lipid biosynthesis in yellowhorn.
Results

Here, based on investigations of differences in the seed growth tendency and embryo oil content between high-oil-content and low-oil-content lines, we constructed small RNA libraries from yellowhorn embryos at four seed development stages of the two lines and then profiled small RNA expression using high-throughput sequencing. A total of 249 known miRNAs from 46 families and 88 novel miRNAs were identified. Furthermore, by pairwise comparisons among the four seed development stages in each line, we found that 64 miRNAs (53 known and 11 novel miRNAs) were differentially expressed in the two lines. Across the two lines, 15, 11, 10, and 7 differentially expressed miRNAs were detected at 40, 54, 68, and 81 days after anthesis, respectively. Bioinformatic analysis was used to predict a total of 2,654 target genes for 141 differentially expressed miRNAs (120 known and 21 novel miRNAs). Most of these genes were involved in the fatty acid biosynthetic process, regulation of transcription, nucleus, and response to auxin. Using quantitative real-time PCR and an integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA expression, miRNA-target regulatory modules that may be involved in yellowhorn seed size, weight, and lipid biosynthesis were identified, such as miR172b-ARF2 (auxin response factor 2), miR7760-p3_1-AGL61 (AGAMOUS-LIKE 61), miR319p_1-FAD2-2 (omega-6 fatty acid desaturase 2–2), and miR5647-p3_1-DGAT1 (diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1).
Conclusions

This study provides new insights into the important regulatory roles of miRNAs in the seed development and lipid biosynthesis in yellowhorn. Our results will be valuable for dissecting the post-transcriptional and transcriptional regulation of seed development and lipid biosynthesis, as well as improving yellowhorn in northern China.
Magma Reservoir Beneath Azumayama Volcano, NE Japan as Inferred from Three-dimensional Electrical Resistivity Image by Magnetotellurics
Authors: Ichiki Masahiro , Kaida Toshiki , Nakayama Takashi , Miura Satoshi , Yamamoto Mare , Morita Yuichi , Uyeshima Makoto
Published: January 2021

An electrical resistivity image beneath Azumayama Volcano, NE Japan is modeled using magnetotellurics to probe the magma/hydrothermal fluid distribution. The 3-D inversion modeling images the conductive magma reservoir beneath Oana crater at depths of 3–15 km. The resolution scale for the conductor is 5 km by checkerboard resolution tests and the 67 % and 90 % confidential intervals of resistivity are 0.2–5 Ωm and 0.02–70 Ωm, respectively, for the region of less than 3 Ωm resistivity. The shallower part of the conductor is not explained by a water-saturated (5.5 wt %) dacitic melt, and the more probable interpretation is that it consists of a water-saturated, dacitic melt-silicic rock-hydrothermal fluid complex. The deeper part of the conductor is interpreted as a water-saturated (8 wt %) andesitic melt-mafic rock complex. The Mogi inflation source determined from GNSS and tilt data is located near the top boundary of the conductor at a depth of 2.7–3.7 km, which suggests that the ascent of hydrothermal fluids exsolved from the dacitic melt is interrupted by the impermeable wall and conduit. Assuming two phases of hydrothermal fluid and silicic rock, the resistivity at the inflation source, regarded as the upper bound resistivity of the conductor, is realized by the hydrothermal fluid fraction below the percolation threshold porosity in an effusive eruption. This indicates that the percolation threshold porosity in an effusive eruption characterizes the impermeable wall and conduit associated with the Mogi inflation source.
SARS-CoV-2 Quantitative Real Time PCR and Viral Loads Analysis Among Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Patients: an Observational Study on an Outbreak in Two Nursing Facilities in Campania Region (Southern Italy)
Authors: Cardillo Lorena , Martinis Claudio de , Viscardi Maurizio , Esposito Claudia , Sannino Emanuela , Lucibelli Gabriella , Limone Antonio , Pellicanò Roberta , Baldi Loredana , Galiero Giorgio , Fusco Giovanna
Published: January 2021

Background: In December 2019 an outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 was first observed in Wuhan, China. The virus has spread rapidly throughout the world creating a pandemic scenario. Several risk factors have been identified, such as age, gender, concomitant diseases as well as viral load. One of the key questions since the beginning of the pandemic, is the role of asymptomatic people in spreading SARS-CoV-2. An observational study in Southern Italy was conducted in order to elucidate the possible role of asymptomatic individuals related to their viral loads in the transmission of the virus within two nursing facilities. Methods: oro-nasopharyngeal swabs from 179 nursing health care workers and patients were collected. SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR was performed and viral loads were calculated by using standard curve. For positive results, a statistical correlation between viral loads, the presence/absence of symptoms, age and gender variables was investigated. Results: SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed in the 50.8% (n=91) of the cases. Median age of positive individuals resulted higher than negative ones. A statistically significant difference (p <.001) was observed for age and gender variables and over 65 years individuals showed higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection than younger ones (OR=3.93) as well as female (OR=2.86). Among 91 tested positive, the 70.3% was symptomatic (n=64) whilst the 29.7% was asymptomatic (n=27). Median viral loads of asymptomatic individuals were found statistically significant higher than symptomatic ones (p=.001), while no influence was observed in age and gender variables.Conclusions: A range from 9.2% to 69% of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 cases remains asymptomatic, moreover, sporadic transmissions from asymptomatic people are reported, that makes their involvement an important issue to take into account in the spreading control of the virus. An asymptomatic clinical course was observed in the 29.7% of positive individuals, moreover, median viral loads resulted to be statistically significant when compared to symptomatic ones. Surely, such a relevant frequency should not be ignored in relation to the spread of the disease in an environment which has not only important intrinsic (age, gender, concomitant diseases) but also extrinsic factors such as high population density and close contacts.
Prognostic Significance of Preoperative Serum CA125, CA19-9, CA72-4, CEA, and AFP in Patients With Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Wang Zi-hao , Zhang Yun-zheng , Wu Qi-jun , Wang Yu-shan , Ma xiaoxin
Published: January 2021

Objective: To determine the factors related to overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in endometrial cancer (EC) patients.Materials and methods: A retrospective cohort study of 906 EC patients was conducted at Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University. Baseline information about the patients, tumor characteristics, and data on five serum biomarkers (CA125, CA19-9, CA72-4, CEA, and AFP) were collected. Groups and their survival rates were compared using log-rank tests and Kaplan-Meier analysis, respectively. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined using univariate or multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. The outcome measures used were OS, defined as the time between surgery and death or last follow-up for surviving patients, and PFS, defined as the time from the completion of initial surgery to either first progression, disease recurrence, or death.Results: Multivariate analysis showed lower PFS associated with age ≥ 66 years (P < 0.001), type II histology (P = 0.015), low degree of tumor differentiation (P = 0.004), and FIGO stage III & IV (P = 0.002). Elevated CA125 (P = 0.042) and AFP (P = 0.016) were identified as independent biomarkers for PFS. Increased CA125 (P = 0.013), age ≥ 66 years (P < 0.001), type II histology (P＜0.001), and FIGO stage III & IV (P = 0.015) were independent factors associated with OS. Analysis of the CA125 sub-group showed that individuals with elevated CA125 andAFP (P = 0.049) had significantly lower PFS. Conclusion: This study suggests that CA125 and AFP are prognostic biomarkers for EC.
Catalytic Activity for Dye Degradation and Characterization of Silver/Silver Oxide Nanoparticles Green Synthesized by Aqueous Leaves Extract of Phoenix Dactylifera L.
Authors: Laouini Salah , Bouafia Abderrhmane , Tedjani Mohammed
Published: January 2021

In this study, green synthesis of silver /silver oxide nanoparticles was successfully prepared from Phoenix Dactylifera L aqueous leaves extract. The effect of different volume ratio (% v/v) (Plant extract / Precursor) on the nanoparticles silver /silver oxide nanoparticles formation, optical properties, and catalytic activity for dye degradation was studied. The obtained Ag/Ag2O nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques, such as UV-Visible, FT-IR, XRD, SEM for this purpose. The UV-Vis spectrum shows the absorption at 430 nm associated with Ag/Ag2O NPs. The optical bandgap values were found to be in the range of 3.22 to 4.47 eV for the direct bandgap and 3.73 to 5.23 eV for the indirect bandgap. The functional groups present in plant extracts were studied by FTIR. XRD confirmed the crystalline nature of Ag / Ag2O NP, and its average particle size was between 28.66-39.40 nm. SEM showed that the green synthesized silver/silver oxide nanoparticles have a spherical shape. The purpose of this study, it highlights the high catalytic activity for dye degradation of Ag/Ag2O NPs green synthesized. As a result, the use of Phoenix Dactylifera L aqueous leaves extract offers a cost-effective and eco-friendly method.