bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors contributing to occupational injuries among solid waste collectors: across sectional study in a municipal in Tanzania
Authors: Mamuya Simon , Badi Salimu
Published: March 2023

Background: Solid waste collector plays an important role in maintaining the health and hygiene in the city. In Tanzania solid waste collectors are at high risk of occupational injuries since contaminated solid waste are collected manually often by hand with little or no protection from injuries which might contribute to increases the prevalence of occupational injuries. Objective: The study aimed to assess occupational injuries and associated factors among solid waste collectors in Ilala Manicipality Tanzania. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study design was carried out betwen February to July 2017 involved three hundred and fifty four (354) solid waste collectors selected randomly. Closed and open ended questionnaires used to guide interviews. Categorical data was analysed to proportions and frequences and measure of association between dependent and covariet by Chi square test and logistic regression. Results: The overall annual prevalence rate of occupational injury was 40.9%. Most respondents (90.1%) used personal protective equipment during waste collection though not adequatelly and approprietly.The most common used PPE were reported to be footware (93.14%), followed by hand gloves (76.57%). More men sustained injuries as compared to the female waste collectors and the difference is statistically significant (OR=2.22, 95% C.I=1.39–3.56 ). Working experience, alcohol consumption and cigarrete smoking noted to be sigificant factors associated with the sustainaed injuries. Conclusion: Solid waste collectors are highly affected by occupational injuries. The utilization of PPE are low and inappropriate among the workers. Working experience, Sex, and risky personal habits like cigarette smoking and consumption of alcohol were factors associated with occupational injuries among solid waste collectors. There is a need to enforce safety working procedure and use of appropriate PPE for the waste handlers in all Minicipals.
Experimental results-based estimation of cooling time during the TIG surfacing of steels performer with and without preheating
Authors: Lomozik Mirosław 
Published: March 2023

The paper shortly characterises the structure of the separate areas of the heat affected zone which occurs in the structural steels during welding and surfacing. It presents the methodology of thermal cycles measuring while argon shielded TIG surfacing of steel plates SM400A. Surfacing was conducted in two variants, i.e. without preheating and with preheating before surfacing. Research resulted in the developing of diagrams determining the value of the maximum temperature of the thermal cycle in the specific place of the element being surfaced for the given heat input Q as well as diagrams enabling the determination of cooling time of a padding weld, assuming that maximum temperature of the thermal cycle in the selected point of the component being surfaced is known for the determined heat input Q during TIG surfacing with and without preheating. Keywords: welding thermal cycle, TIG process, heat input q, preheating, cooling time
Effect of small mobile cations on molybdenumborate glasses
Authors: MA Frechero , E Cardillo , MC Molina , ME Sola , S Terny , P Di Pratula
Published: March 2023

Lithium borate glasses modified with molybdenum oxide according to the formula: xMoO3 (1-x)[0.25 Li2O 0.75 B2O3] prepared by the melt quenching technique were studied. Density, differential thermal analysis, FTIR and impedance spectroscopic were used to analyze these systems. It was confirmed that the glassy matrix of these systems was based on the MoO6 octahedral units and on BO3 and BO4 units. The results explained how the stability of a borate matrix that hosted molybdenum ions was affected by the presence of small mobile ions (lithium ions in the present case). It was found that concentration of molybdenum oxide was restricted by strong interactions between the charged molybdenum structures and the mobile ions due to the presence of order forces that promote the formation of crystalline structures. Keywords: molybdenum, oxide glasses, electrical properties, borate glass stability
Modeling and simulation to monitor the integration of palm fuel oil ash on compressive strength of concrete pavement influenced by variation of water cement ratios
Authors: SN Eluozo , C Nwaobakata
Published: March 2023

This model predicts the compressive strength of concrete pavement modified with palm oil fuel as partial replacement for cement. The study monitors the strength development of concrete pavement varying with different percentage of [POFA].The study express the output of the modifier from graphical representation, where optimum strength were observed at 5% at curing age between [7, and 28days].The study has observed that the modifier applied as partial replacement of cement experienced decrease in strength as the percentage of [POFA] dosage increase, these condition were observed from the graphical representation such that gradual decrease were experienced between [10-20%].The declined in strength development from variation of water cement ratio were experienced between [0.40-0.50], the influences from variation of these mixed proportion were also monitored, these conditions were reflected on the output results from the designed mix, the developed model were subjected to simulation, these values were compared with pone et al 2018, where the early strength from 2.5-5% 0f [POFA] were also in agreement with partial replacement of silica fume that also experienced early attained strength, between [2.5-5%] variations from concrete pavement porosity were observed from the heterogeneity of the strength at different water cement ratios, including variation of compaction and placement of the materials. Keywords: modeling, palm oil fuel ash, compressive strength, water cement ratios
A benchmark experiment of the mold filling of a cast iron plate by lost foam casting
Authors: Kang Jinwu , Ha Xiaokun , Nie Gang , Long Haimin , Wang Tianjiao , Hu Yongyi
Published: March 2023

In lost foam casting (LFC), the presence of an expanded polystyrene (EPS) inside the mold leads to new features for the filling of the melt. The burning of the EPS pattern has great effect on its filling. To provide benchmark experiments for the modeling and numerical simulation of the mold filling process for LFC, a vertical plate with a window was selected. The window was designed in variation of sizes and distances to the borders so as to investigate the melt filling of a series of narrow paths in LFC. The designed EPS pattern were made and the corresponding molds were prepared and melt cast iron was poured. The measurement system of liquid metal filling based on modified contact time method (METM) was used. The filling of measured points was illustrated by an array of light-emitting diodes (LED) arranged resembling the shape of the casting, with the lightening of each diode representing the filling time instant of the measurement point. The filling times of all the points were obtained by the image analysis of recorded movie. The filling profiles and filling velocity during filling process were obtained. The filling results provide support for numerical simulation of LFC. Keywords: Lost foam casting (LFC), mold filling, modified contact time method, LED display, plate casting, cast iron
Influence of climatic conditions on curcumin content and colour values of turmeric
Authors: Peter Biju
Published: March 2023

In this work, Aleppey finger turmeric rhizomes are collected from the Spices Board distribution center Kozhikode, Kerala and are planted in the five selected villages of central Kerala having different climatic conditions. Similar manuaring conditions are employed. After harvesting the collected rhizomes are dried under similar conditions and methods. All samples are extracted using solvents Acetone, Ethyl Acetate and Methanol using Soxhlet extraction. The moisture content of all the samples is determined using Dean-Stark apparatus and are compared. The colour value is determined using UV spectrophotometer. The yield and color values are compared. The total curcumin content and the percentages of Curcumin, Dimethoxy curcumin and Bisdemethoxy curcumin are determined using HPLC (High pressure liquid chromatography) and are compared. Keywords: spectrophotometer, curcumin, physiological, flavor, antimicrobial effect, turmeric fingers, yellow colour
Tribology in recent biomedical engineering: a review
Authors: Alam Md. Shahinoor
Published: March 2023

Generally, tribology includes three key topics: friction, wear, and lubrication. As humanity progresses, tribology continues to make vital contributions in addressing the demands for advanced technological developments, resulting in increasing machine durability and improving the quality of life. At the point when organic systems particularly human joints for example knees, hips, and so forth which constantly move concerning each other, tribology moves toward becoming bio-tribology. Various essential bio-tribological testing phenomena can significantly influence the result of wear for the implant design and material selection. The study also found the different types of frictional losses in bio-tribology and prevention of these losses. The application of tribology in dentistry is also a growing and rapidly expanding field. In restorative dentistry, metals and alloys and ceramics and composites are generally applied to restorations and implants. The complex inter-oral environment and biomechanics, make the wear processes of artificial dental materials are very complicated and normally include abrasion, attrition, corrosion, fretting wear, and fatigue. These processes occur in various combinations to cause surface loss of materials in the mouth. Intensive research has been conducted to develop an understanding of bio tribology for the successful design and selection of implants and artificial dental materials. This study is carried out to improve the knowledge about bio-tribology and thereby guide the researchers to get their future research directives.
Functionalized nanoparticles in facemasks for protection of Covid 19
Authors: Grozdanov Anita , Paunovic Perica
Published: March 2023

The literature review of the developments of nanomaterials, application methods, their anti-viral activity confirmed the importance and highlighted the contribution of nanostructures in fighting the corona virus. In order to improve and enhanced the protection function of the facemasks against different viruses, especially last one SARS-CoV-2 (Covid 19), various nanostructures were used, fabricated and modified for that purpose. Among the others, special attention was given on carbon based (carbon nanotubes and graphene) and nano silver, TiO2, iron and cooper with antiviral and antibacterial effects. In this paper, an overview will be presented on several nanostructures used in the facemasks for preventing the spread and protection of Covid 19.
The effect of a compatible liquid crystal polymer on homogeneous reinforcement of mesogenic and nonmesogenic rigid-rod monomers
Authors: Hakemi H
Published: March 2023

Discrete amount of main-chain Liquid Crystal Polymers (LCP) could mechanically reinforce the mesophase of rigid-rod monomers to form a supramolecular homogeneous composite for Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) materials. Moreover, a homogeneously dispersed LCP may induce an enantiotropic transition in monotropic or non-mesogenic rigid-rod compounds. In this work, we studied the blends of a flexible main-chain nematic LCP with an enantiotropic nematic, a monotropic nematic, and two non-mesogenic rigid-rod compounds as model systems. The results indicate that homogenous reinforcement of thermotropic LCP in these monomers is a valid concept and could lead to improvement of mesogenic stability, orienational and mechanical properties of rigid-rod materials for various applications.
Theory and technology of air filtration: review
Authors: Mohammed Atef MF , A Saleh Inas , H Ibrahim Yasser , RG Mohamed Nora
Published: March 2023

The development of modern science and technology, improving the level of industrialization, increase people's awareness of environmental protection were leaded to the world's demand for filter materials to purify the air. This review presented an overview of air pollutants classification, history of fiber materials, theory of air filtration technology, and traditional air filtration (materials, characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and standards). In addition, the paper reviewed the mechanisms of filtration, which include diffusion, interception, intermolecular interaction, straining, inertial impaction, gravitation, and electrostatic interaction of particles on the filter surface. Different studies have revealed the possibilities for the utilization of activated carbon fiber in the removal of VOC or odor from gaseous emissions in the air.
Nonequilibrium thermodynamic model of diffusion processes in the steel - carbon thin film tribological system
Authors: SV Bobyr , PV Krot
Published: March 2023

A nonequilibrium thermodynamic model of dissipative processes in the tribological system steel – carbon thin film was developed. Cross coefficients and driving forces in the Onsager equation for the diffusion of carbon onto the friction surface of hypereutectoid steel are calculated. The thermodynamic conditions for the implementation of the selective transfer process in the tribological system under consideration are determined. Simple differential equations are obtained for the tribological system of carbon steel - graphite, which describe the effect of stresses on the diffusion of carbon, production based on nonequilibrium thermodynamics. It is shown, that the implementation of selective transfer requires the development of diffusion processes without the formation of excess phases. Therefore, carbon steel should be alloyed mainly with elements of the first group that increase the thermodynamic activity of carbon in steel - silicon, nickel, copper, cobalt and phosphorus. Recommendations are formulated on metallic materials choosing for minimal contact wear in contacted pairs of machines parts.
Structural changes of TiO2 as a result of CNTs incorporation
Authors: Grozdanov Anita , , Paunović Perica , Makreski Petre , , Dimitrievska Iva , Petrovski Aleksandar
Published: March 2023

The subject of this research work was to analyze the structural and morphological changes of TiO2 as a result of incorporation of CNTs and interpret the underlying principles for the observed interactions. Hybrid TiO2/CNTs nanostructures were prepared by simplified sol-gel method followed by monitoring the thermally-induced alterations occurring up to 400 ºC. The effects of different type of CNTs (activated MWCNTs and as prepared SWCNTs) as well as the variation of the content of MWCNTs in association with the metal-dopant (Pt or Co) influencing the structural parameters of TiO2 was monitored. Addition of CNTs and metallic phase causes reduction of TiO2 (anatase) crystallite size. The applied instrumental techniques such as XRPD, Raman spectroscopy and thermal (TG, DTA and DTG) analysis points out on achieved interaction between TiO2 and incorporated CNTs. Morphological changes, observed from the SEM micrographs, revealed better inter-locking of the TiO2 matrix with SWCNTs than with MWCNTs. Formation of a more structurally disordered and non-stoichiometric anatase phase seemed to be a preferred choice for the obtained TiO2-CNT-metalic phase nanocomposites for further utilization in sensor-design products.
Study to assess the effectiveness of self instruction module on knowledge and attitude regarding breast cancer and its prevention among adolescents in selected degree colleges
Authors: Japannavar Sujata , Vijaykumar Sujata
Published: March 2023

Background: Cancer is uncontrolled growth and division of cells, these cells can arise from any part of the body due to exposure to carcinogens, carcinogens are any substance or matter that causes the cancer. Breast parenchymas are most vulnerable to causation of cancer. The prevalence of breast cancer is similar in both the men and women; the prevention of hazards of breast cancer demands the early detection prompt treatment, regular curative management and awareness of complication and rehabilitation. Adolescents are group of individuals who have developed secondary sexual characteristics, are in stage of dilemma due to change in physiological and psychological living, the awareness of breast cancer and its prevention can be achieved significantly, hence the present study aims to assess and bring awareness of breast cancer in adolescents by giving a self instruction module which explains the breast cancer and its prevention. Methodology: A quasi experimental study designed to assess effectiveness of knowledge and attitude of adolescents regarding breast cancer, total 289 adolescents were selected by simple random selection from selected degree colleges, a structured questionnaire assessed for content validity index and reliability was used to collect the data on knowledge and attitude, the collected data was analyzed differential and inferential statistics for significant level of improvement in knowledge and attitude using SPSS version 20.0 Results: the study found that in pretest knowledge, attitude of adolescents were poor regarding breast cancer and its prevention, the knowledge, and attitude was significantly improved in posttest, indicating the effectiveness of self instruction module. Conclusion: the present study designed to assess the effectiveness of self instruction module regarding knowledge and attitude of adolescents on breast cancer and its prevention and found that adolescents studying in selected degree colleges had poor knowledge and attitude, the knowledge and attitude was improved with the help of self instruction module, the study recommends that the educational program such as video teaching, structured planned teaching would bring the larger population awareness breast cancer and its prevention by early detection and management.
The peripheral nerve evaluation: determining which symptoms lead to a successful test
Authors: Daucher, MD, MS James A , Patel DO, MPH Anjali P , George PhD Estee
Published: March 2023

Objective: To identify the symptom or set of symptoms most improved in patients undergoing a successful peripheral nerve evaluation (PNE) for refractory overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). Methods: An analysis was conducted on refractory OAB patients to determine which symptom (nocturia, daytime voids, urgency, leaks per day, pad use per day and time to reach the bathroom) most improved following a PNE. This was measured in two ways: 1) by patient responses to a questionnaire and 2) by determining changes in symptoms with use of a voiding diary. Patients completed a pre- and post-questionnaire by phone interview. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze demographic and baseline characteristics as well as responses to questionnaires. Changes in voiding patterns were analyzed using a paired-samples t-test. Results: Overall, 28 patients were included. Prior to their evaluation patients indicated they were most bothered by urgency (n=26, 92.8%), followed by number of leaks per 24 hours (n = 24, 85.7%). After their evaluation, symptom improvement was highest for number of voids at night (n = 20, 71.4%) followed by sense of urgency (n = 18, 64.3%). Paired-samples t-tests on pre- and post-PNE voiding diaries revealed significant improvements in number of daytime voids (p = 0.015), number of leaks per 24 hours (p = 0.001), and number of urges per 24 hours (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Voiding diaries alone cannot be used to accurately determine symptom improvement. Clinicians must take into account the degree to which their patients are bothered by their symptoms. In an elderly population, improvement in nocturia has important implications including decreased morbidity.
Perkembangan Digital Media di Dunia
Authors: Muqsith Munadhil Abdul
Published: March 2023

Every day, the amount of traffic on the internet grows. This is due to the fact that internet network backbone providers are becoming more promising as ISPs pursue backbones that are directly connected to countries whose network access goes directly to various countries. This paper investigates the rapid growth of digital developments in today's modern era. As a result of this need, other underground cable facilities that cross the ocean and connect regions have been built.Keywords: Internet; Media; Digital
Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja: Berbaju Pancasila, Bernapas Kolonial
Authors: Fathonah Rini , Anwar Mashuril
Published: March 2023

Abstract:The influence of Western values and ideology has infiltrated Indonesia's national legal instruments through deregulations which appear to always be in favor of the investor interest groups. This can of course be seen from the various laws made to protect the interests of capital owners, one of which is Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation (Job Creation Law). Based on the reasons for considering it, the Job Creation Law was formed to realize the goal of forming the Indonesian state government and to create a prosperous, just, and prosperous society based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution. However, if we look closely, the considerations for the formation of the Job Creation Law tend to be economical, not welfare.Keywords: Pancasila; Colonial; Job Creation Act
Menyoal Pandemi Covid 19 Perspektif Fiqih Ekologi; Refleksi tahun baru hijriyah 1443
Authors: Fajar Abbas Sofwan Matlail
Published: March 2023

Dalam al-Qur'an dikatakan bahwa semesta dan seisinya bertasbih mensucikan Sang Pencipta. Termasuk dalam hal ini Covid-19, yang menjadi salah satu makhluk bagian dari semesta yang juga turut bertasbih mensucikan-Nya. Upaya berdamai dengan Covid 19 adalah bagian dari semesta termasuk manusia. “Yusabbihu lahu ma fissamawati wal ardl" (QS 59:24). Karenanya gelorakan tasbih kepada sang Pencipta Semesta, karena tasbih tidak hanya sekedar ucapan "Subhanallah" dengan duduk diam bersila, namun tasbih semesta yang sesuai dengan dimensinya, sebagai pohon, batu, gunung, termasuk sebagai virus Covid 19.Kata Kunci: Covid 19; Fikih Ekologi; Tahun Baru Hijriyah
Pembaharuan Hukum Perdata di Indonesia
Authors: Aprita Serlika
Published: March 2023

The politics of codification in the renewal of national civil law must also pay attention to the existence of the legal rules contained in Islamic law and customary law as sources that can be used as material in the renewal of national civil law. There are two important issues in the agenda of revising the national civil procedural law, that is; regarding aspects of evidence that must adapt to technological advances and various models of civil transactions, regarding the execution of court decisions which so far have failed to be executed in the absence of the involvement of law enforcement. For things that are not possible to be uniformed, they are left as they are now while still treating their respective customary and religious laws in accordance with what has been done with Law no. 1 of 1974 concerning marriage.
Filsafat Pilar Kebangsaan Indonesia
Authors: Yunus Nur Rohim
Published: March 2023

Pembangunan suatu negara bangsa membutuhkan satu atau lebih pilar yang kuat, agar masyarakat yang tinggal di dalamnya dapat merasa nyaman, aman, tenteram, dan sejahtera, bebas dari segala macam gangguan dan bencana. Dalam bentuk sistem kepercayaan atau landasan filosofis, pilar-pilar negara-bangsa berwujud seperangkat konsep, prinsip, dan nilai-nilai yang dianut oleh masyarakat negara-bangsa yang bersangkutan. Ini adalah gagasan, prinsip, dan nilai yang dianggap mampu menjadi dasar bagi aktivitas sehari-hari masyarakat, bangsa, dan negara.
Analisis Terhadap Implementasi Peraturan Perundang-Undangan Di Indonesia Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat
Authors: Aprita Serlika
Published: March 2023

In the application of laws and regulations in Indonesia, there are many weaknesses, one of which does not meet the concept of fair efficiency as regulated in Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning the Establishment of Legislations, both at the level of formation, application or law enforcement. Today, technology is experiencing an increasingly rapid development along with the times. The development of technology is something that cannot be touched. The role of law as a tool of social control involves the state to run it, therefore the role of the executive and legislature in making the rule of law is very important and dominant because the state has the obligation to protect all its citizens.
NKRI Sebagai Pilar Kebangsaan Indonesia
Authors: Yunus Nur Rohim
Published: March 2023

Indonesia adalah negara kepulauan, sebaliknya bentuk negaranya adalah republik. Alasan mengapa negara Indonesia disebut negara kesatuan Republik Indonesia adalah karena meskipun negara Indonesia terdiri dari banyak pulau, masih dianggap sebagai satu negara dan negara adalah satu kesatuan yang dikenal sebagai Indonesia. Karena peristiwa proklamasi ini, bangsa Indonesia berhasil mendirikan negara, sekaligus mendeklarasikannya ke dunia luar (bangsa lain), dan sejak saat itu berdirilah negara baru, negara kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Indonesia (NKRI). Oleh karena itu, keberadaan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI) tidak dapat dipisahkan dari proklamasi kemerdekaan 17 Agustus 1945.
Framework Media di Dunia
Authors: Muqsith Munadhil Abdul
Published: March 2023

The intellectual struggle that is presented in various print and electronic mass media is the impact of the freedom to obtain and disseminate information. The mass media that used to be only in the form of print media has now turned into online media which makes it easier for anyone to access it. No wonder most people say that technology has become the prima donna for modern human civilization in the 21st century. Keywords: Framework; Media; Technology
Pancasila Dan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia; Aktualisasi Subyektif Nilai-Nilai Pancasila Solusi Berbangsa dan Bernegara
Authors: Rahma Jihan Nadia
Published: March 2023

The subjective actualization of Pancasila values is the implementation of Pancasila values in all Indonesian citizens. The important position of Subjective actualization of Pancasila values in the life of the nation and state is that the application of the concept of objective actualization is based on subjective actualization of each person of the Indonesian nation so that objective actualization of Pancasila values will be easier too carry out and also the problems that arise. Chronic and acute conditions can be handled easily and even prevented so that they do not multiply into the main problem that divides the nation and state of  Indonesia. The disintegration and implementation of Pancasila values is one way out of the nation’s ideology will be safe but to achieve the level of ideological security a process is needed to achieve the actualization. Ttherefore, the actualization of Pancasila is needed helping the smooth of life of the nation and state.
Filsafat Hukum Utilitarianisme: Konsep dan Aktualisasinya Dalam Hukum di Indonesia
Authors: Rahmatullah Indra
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the law is not only about justice as the main paradigm of natural law, but also making legal certainty so that it has a clear barometer as the idea of legal positivism. In the other hand, the purpose of the law must be factual and real to make happiness for most people. The paradigm of Utilitarianism has opened the veil of law to provide something useful and can be felt directly by society. Whatever the policy of the State must guarantee happiness or mutual benefit. Utilitarianism also eliminates the selfishness of mankind, the state, and stakeholders to not only think about their own happiness and destiny but also be encouraged to share with many people.
Pelanggaran Nilai Kemanusiaan Terhadap Wanita Dalam Konflik Bersenjata Di Suriah Menurut Perspektif Islam
Authors: Grandis Rifda Quthrun Nada , Amalia Rizkika Dwi
Published: March 2023

International humanitarian law is compatible with the islamic law that upholds the principle of peace, because it seeks to eliminate violence. The conflict in Syria is a conflict between government and non-civilians seeking to overthrow Bashar Al-Assad's governance. Bashar Al-Assad's administration through its security forces carried out violence against civilians, especially with women exploitation and children, sexual violence, rape and so on. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method where the data obtained uses the type of data collection which is a library study of various literature such as journals and books. This research concluded that islamic law as well as international humanitarian law has the solution of conflict based on the humanitarian principles on war victims
UUD 1945 sebagai Pilar Kebangsaan Indonesia
Authors: Yunus Nur Rohim
Published: March 2023

Pemerintahan Republik Indonesia saat ini menganut Undang-Undang Dasar yang tercermin dalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Pada tanggal 18 Agustus 1945, PPKI mengesahkan UUD 1945 sebagai konstitusi negara. Di Indonesia, UUD RIS berlaku sejak 27 Desember 1949, dan UUDS 1950 berlaku di Indonesia sejak 17 Agustus 1950. Pemulihan UUD 1945 disahkan dengan Keputusan Presiden tanggal 5 Juli 1959. Hal itu kemudian diakui DPR pada 22 Juli 1959. Ketika negara Indonesia pertama terbentuk, salah satu tujuan utamanya adalah mewujudkan keadilan sosial yang lebih besar bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia. Dalam rumusan ini, fokusnya bukan pada kepentingan individu, tetapi pada kepentingan seluruh rakyat Indonesia.
Filsafat Realisme Hukum; Konsep dan Aktualisasinya dalam Hukum Bisnis di Indonesia
Authors: Rahmatullah Indra
Published: March 2023

Perkembangan ilmu hukum tidak dapat dipisahkan dengan putusan hakim. Bahkan putusan hakim menjadi motor penggerak dinamika diskursus hukum. Tidak jarang, putusan-putusan hakim ramai untuk dibahas, didiskusikan bahkan untuk dikritisi sehingga menjadi episentrum pembaruan hukum. Adagium judgc made law yang menjadi ciri sistem hukum anglosaxon atau hakim sebagai kreator hukum (legal creator) telah melegitimasi nalar bahwa hakimlah yang berhak untuk membuat hukum, bukan raja atau penguasa karena dengan berhukum kepada sesuatu yang sudah tertulis ternyata belum mampu mendatangkan keadilan akibat proses distorsi antara idealita dan realita. Aliran filsafat realisme hukum membongkar keraguan itu semua dengan menempatkan empirisme dan pragmatisme putusan hakim sebagai jawaban akan ketidakadilan.
Pancasila sebagai Pilar Kebangsaan Indonesia
Authors: Yunus Nur Rohim
Published: March 2023

Pancasila sebagai dasar negara dan pedoman hidup di Indonesia mengandung seperangkat cita-cita luhur yang harus dihayati dan dihayati oleh setiap warga negara Indonesia sebagai kompas untuk mengarungi kehidupan bermasyarakat, bernegara, dan berbangsa. Tidak hanya itu, sila-sila Pancasila harus tertanam dalam tatanan masyarakat Indonesia agar Pancasila dapat menjadi simbol bangsa Indonesia dan rakyatnya. Pancasila merupakan dasar utama pembangunan karakter bangsa Indonesia karena memiliki tempat dan tujuan yang fundamental baik bagi bangsa Indonesia maupun rakyat Indonesia. Dalam perannya sebagai landasan, Pancasila berfungsi sebagai acuan, dan sekaligus tujuan dalam proses pembangunan karakter bangsa.
ANALISIS HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL TERHADAP KEJAHATAN PERANG DALAM KONFLIK BERSENJATA SERBIA-BOSNIA TAHUN 1991-1995
Authors: Hendriyani Intan , Fadhillah Siti
Published: March 2023

Hukum humaniter internasional dibentuk sebagai upaya untuk memanusiawikan peperangan dan untuk menghindari korban berlebihan dari militer apalagi rakyat sipil. Pelanggaran Serbia terhadap prinsip kemanusiaan menjadi salah satu contoh konflik yang melanggar hukum humaniter internasional. Ambisi Serbia dalam peperangan ini menjadikan Serbia menggunakan berbagai macam cara untuk mencapainya. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kejahatan perang dalam konflik Serbia dengan mengacu pada hukum humaniter internasional. Metode penelitian kualitatif dengan tehnik pengumpulan data studi pustaka diterapkan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Serbia resmi diputuskan sebagai penjahat perang, Tihomir Blaskic didakwa atas 6 pelanggaran HAM dan 11 kebiasaan perang.
KONFLIK AMERIKA SERIKAT VS IRAN; STUDI TOKOH KEMATIAN JENDRAL MAYOR QASEM SOLEIMANI YANG MEMICU KEMARAHAN RAKYAT IRAN.
Authors: Fadhillah Siti
Published: March 2023

Setiap adanya pasukan pasti pula ada pemimpin yang berada didepan, salah satunya adalah Jedral Qasem Soleimani yang merupakan peimpin terdepan garda refolusi Iran dan juga merupakan sosok yang sangat berpengaruh di Iran, untuk itu Amerika Serikat merasa Jendral Qasem Soleimani merupakan seseorang yang sangat berbahaya karena Iran sendiri merupakan negara anti Amerika Serikat , selaian memiliki pengaruh yang sangat besar Jendral Qasem Soleimani juga merupakan jendral yang sangat kokoh dan cerdik sehingga memiliki setrategi perang yang sangat unuk dan tidak dimiliki oleh siapapun.
Ingvild Sælid Gilhus, Alexandros Tsakos, Marta Camilla Wright, eds, The Archangel Michael in Africa: History, Cult, and Persona
Authors: Dege-Müller Sophia
Published: March 2023

Review
Michael Lausberg, Geschichte und Kultur Äthiopiens
Authors: Uhlig Siegbert
Published: March 2023

Review
Abraham Johannes Drewes, Recueil des inscriptions de l’Éthiopie des périodes pré-axoumite et axoumite, III: Traductions et commentaires, B: Les inscriptions sémitiques
Authors: Agostini Alessio
Published: March 2023

Review
Shiferaw Bekele, Uoldelul Chelati Dirar, Alessandro Volterra, Massimo Zaccaria, eds, The First World War from Tripoli to Addis Ababa (1911–1924)
Authors: Camilleri Nicola
Published: March 2023

Review
Once Again on ʾbk wdm in Ethiopian Sabaic
Authors: Butts Aaron Michael , Gross Simcha , Hensley Michael
Published: March 2023

In an article published in this journal in 2010, Norbert Nebes argued that ʾbk wdm is an apotropaic formula, which can be translated, for instance in the case of RIÉ 9, as ‘und Waddum ist dein (göttlicher) Vater als Schutz vor einem Widersacher’ (wʾbk wdm [b]n ʿtkm). In contrast, it is proposed here that ʾbk wdm continues the previous list of deity names, as already suggested in 1976 by Roger Schneider. Key to this argument is the distribution of the concluding prepositional phrases bn kl mrʿm, ‘from everyone who is malicious’, and bn ʿtkm, ‘from an adversary’, which only occur in inscriptions that have b-s¹qt, ‘by the protection of’. Thus, the following formula is proposed: b-s¹qt DN(s) bn X, ‘by the protection of divine name(s) from X’.
Das geographische Traktat in der Weltgeschichte des Wäldä ʾAmid – Text, Übersetzung und Kommentar
Authors: Hoffmann Carsten
Published: March 2023

Dissertation abstract
Marlene Guss-Kosicka, Die Verbalsysteme des Amharischen und Tigrinischen: Eine vergleichende Analyse
Authors: Krżyzanowska Magdalena
Published: March 2023

Review
A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation of the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Treatise: Tārik Zamǝdra Gondar (The History of the Land of Gondar)
Authors: Beyene Sisay Sahile
Published: March 2023

Dissertation Abstract
Nachträge zur Edition einer syrischen ṭaḇliṯo in Aethiopica 24 (Bausi/Desreumaux 2021)
Authors: Waltisberg Michael
Published: March 2023

Kurze Anmerkungen und Korrekturen zur Veröffentlichung einer syrischen Altartafel in Aethiopica 24 (2021). Behandelt werden in erster Linie die Lesung, die Transkription und die Datierung der Tafel.
I manoscritti etiopici della Biblioteca Statale di Montevergine a Mercogliano, Avellino
Authors: Bausi Alessandro
Published: March 2023

The Biblioteca Statale di Montevergine annexed to the Monumento nazionale di Montevergine, housed in the Palazzo abbaziale di Loreto, in Mercogliano, Avellino, also includes two Ethiopic manuscripts that once belonged to the ‘Johannowsky Library’. The manuscripts date to the nineteenth (non post 1895 CE, Cod. 24, Praise of Mary and Gate of Light) and to the beginning of the twentieth century (1907/1908 CE, Ms. 3, Image of the Twenty-Four Heavenly Priests and Ethiopian Psalter). The first manuscript was apparently taken from the field tent of Rās Mangašā after the Battle of Saganayti, on 15 January 1895, and eventually donated on 27 November 1900 by Daǧāzmāč Mikāʾel to the Italian colonial officer Ilario Capomazza.
The Transition from Traditional Cults to the Affirmation of Christian Beliefs in the City of Oxyrhynchus
Authors: Mascia Leah
Published: March 2023

Dissertation Abstract
The Diachronic Development of the Dǝggʷā: A Study of Texts and Manuscripts of Selected Ethiopic Antiphon Collections
Authors: Karlsson Jonas
Published: March 2023

Dissertation Abstract
Table of Content
Authors: Editor
Published: March 2023

Table of Content
Editorial
Authors: Editor
Published: March 2023

Editorial
Modelling Interrelationship between Diseases with Communicating Stream X-Machines
Authors: Jayatilake Dilshan , Phung Khoa , Ogunshile Emmanuel , Aydin Mehmet
Published: March 2023

The world is moving towards alternative medicine and behavioural alteration for treating, managing, and preventing chronical diseases. In the last few decades, diagrammatical models have been extensively used to describe and understand the behaviour of biological organisms (biological agents) due to their simplicity and comprehensiveness. However, these models can only offer a static picture of the corresponding biological systems with limited scalability. As a result, there is an increasing demand to integrate formalism into more dynamic forms that can be more scalable and can capture complex time-dependent processes. In this paper, we introduce a generic disease model called Communicating Stream X-Machine Disease Model (CSXMDM), which has been developed based on X-Machine and Communicating X-Machine theories. We conducted an experiment on modelling an actual disease using a case study of Type II Diabetes. The results of the experiment demonstrate that the proposed CSXMDM is capable of modelling chronic diseases.
The «Phonology» option of the LingvoDoc platform as a verification method (based on the data of the Sosva dialect of the Mansi language)
Authors: Koshelyuk Natalia Andreyevna
Published: March 2023

The article presents the results of a study f the field material of the Sosva Mansi dialect of the village of Lombovozh. Its phonological analysis was performed using a modern data processing system Lingvodic. Comparison of the system of vowel sounds obtained as a result of this analysis with other phonetic systems of the Sosva dialect proposed by linguists of the XX century, allowed us to come to the conclusion that it is necessary to further refine the phonetic system of this Mansi dialect. Thus, in the course of the study, inaccuracies in the interpretation of the field material of the village of Lombovozh were revealed, and a number of unique phonemes (o, ɛ, e, i, ə, u) were found that have uncharacteristic indicators for the generally accepted parameters F1 and F2 of the international phonetic alphabet, based mainly on the data of the analysis of European languages.
Research Perspectives on the Tatar language based on the LingvoDoc platform
Authors: Nurieva Fanuza Shakurovna , Galiullina Gulshat Raisovna , Yusupov Airat Faikovich
Published: March 2023

The article discusses research perspectives on the Tatar language based on the LingvoDoc platform. Digitalization of language learning in modern linguistics allows us to move to a new level of describing the language structure. Large corpora containing millions of word forms have been created in all European languages since the 90s of the last century. Currently, this has been done not only in the Russian language, but also in many national languages of Russia such as Tatar, Bashkir, Udmurt, Mari, Moksha, Komi, etc. One of the recognized platforms in modern national linguistics is the development of the LingvoDoc virtual laboratory, created ISP RAS. This platform gives an opportunity to create, store and analyze multilayer dictionaries, language materials and dialects. The main functionality of Lingvodoc is used by more than 250 linguists who process their materials online, more than 1000 dictionaries and 300 text corpora in the national languages of the Russian Federation have already been collected. We consider the possibilities of this platform to study the Tatar language. We believe that electronic corpora allow us to solve a variety of theoretical and practical problems of the language. At present, when the Tatar literary and everyday spoken language is actively used in all fields, it is very important to make a complete description of its features, which will help create more accurate grammars and dictionaries. The relevance of the study is due to the need to use a gloss corpus of texts in the Tatar language. As modern studies in linguistics show, nowadays it is impossible to describe the state of the language without such corpora and analyze its grammatical structure, which corresponds to the world standards of modern science. The LingvoDoc platform makes it possible to process a significant amount of material in a short time and create corpora with glossing and removed homonymy based on samples of the Tatar literary, business, colloquial and dialect languages.
Effect of relative longitudinal spacing on the dynamic behavior of two interacting ships in head waves
Authors: Ali Rami
Published: March 2023

The influence of relative longitudinal position on the frequency characteristics of two interacting ships floating stationary in close proximity in head waves and shallow water is investigated in this paper. A CFD approach has been adopted to simulate the dynamic behavior of the interacting ships. The numerical simulation for “Aleksey Kosygin” and “Novgorod” ships floating on head waves at a small relative transverse distance was carried out using two scaled models. The effect of longitudinal separation on the frequency characteristics of both ships was studied. Heave, roll, and pitch RAOs for various cases were analyzed, and recommendations for relative longitudinal positions were made on the basis of the present analysis.
Mathematical modeling the process of gas flow in the turbomolecular pump using the Cercignani-Lampis gas-surface interaction model
Authors: Gordeeva Uliana Saidovna , Sharipov Felix Maratovich
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the process of gas flow in the flow path of a turbomolecular vacuum pump using the Cercignani-Lampis (CL) model was simulated. CL model was used as new boundary conditions when calculating the transition probability. The test particle method (Monte Carlo method) was used in the simulation. The calculation of the molecules transition probability through the blade channel in the forward and reverse directions, the transition resulting probability, the compression ratio was made.
Improving the accuracy of static analysis by accounting for the values of class fields that can have only one constant value
Authors: Karcev Vadim Sergeevitch , Ignatyev Valery Nikolayevich
Published: March 2023

The paper describes the approach for the improvement of the accuracy of general purpose static symbolic execution analysis of C# sources based on the accounting for the values of class fields that can have only one possible value. In addition, we propose the detector of forgotten readonly modifiers and unused fields, that use data collected by the main analysis. The approach and detectors were implemented as part of the industrial static analyzer SharpChecker. The main analysis is performed at the AST level to reduce time and resource costs. Collected values of the fields are used during symbolic execution phase allowing it to use concrete value instead of symbolic for the subset of class fields. As a result, we managed to noticeably improve the accuracy of some analyzers, such as UNREACHABLE_CODE (improved by 7.57%) or DEREF_OF_NULL (improved by 1.33%) and get new results in cases with forgotten readonly or unused fields. Achieved results allow to use analysis and detectors in the main branch of the SharpChecker and make it available to users. The paper considers in detail the algorithm of the detector and provides examples of results on the set of open source software.
Introducing Programming Language Metrics
Authors: Fayzrakhmanov Timur Rasimovich
Published: March 2023

We introduce possibly the first approximation of programming language metrics that represent a spectrum over 70 unique and carefully gathered dimensions by which any two programming languages can be compared. Based on those metrics, one can evaluate her own `best' language, and to demonstrate how complex feelings such as “simplicity” and “easy to use”, often found as arguments in language debates and advertisements, can be decomposed into clear and measurable pieces. We put the collection as a completely separate open-source file (here as an appendix) so that everyone can participate in eliciting new and interesting dimensions used in programming languages research, development, and use. Metrics can find their use to compare languages, define requirements, create rankings, give tips for language designers, and simply provide a bird’s-eye view on existing languages features found in the wild.
Effect of transformations on the success of adversarial attacks for Clipped BagNet and ResNet image classifiers
Authors: Kurdenkova Ekaterina Olegovna , Cherepnina Maria Sergeevna , Chistyakova Anna Sergeevna , Arkhipenko Konstantin Vladimirovich
Published: March 2023

Our paper compares the accuracy of the vanilla ResNet-18 model with the accuracy of the Clipped BagNet-33 and BagNet-33 models with adversarial learning under different conditions. We performed experiments on images attacked by the adversarial sticker under conditions of image transformations. The adversarial sticker is a small region of the attacked image, inside which the pixel values can be changed indefinitely, and this can generate errors in the model prediction. The transformations of the attacked images in this paper simulate the distortions that appear in the physical world when a change in perspective, scale or lighting changes the image. Our experiments show that models from the BagNet family perform poorly on images in low quality. We also analyzed the effects of different types of transformations on the models' robustness to adversarial attacks and the tolerance of these attacks.
Exploring the application of neural networks for facial image reconstruction in recognition systems
Authors: Markin Evgeny Igorevich , Zuparova Valentina Vladimirovna , Martyshkin Alexey Ivanovich
Published: March 2023

Identifying a person in a digital image using computer vision is a crucial aspect of this field. The presence of external objects, such as medical masks that cover part of the face, can drastically reduce recognition accuracy and increase errors from 5% to 50%, depending on the algorithm. This paper investigates the use of neural networks, in particular the generative adversarial network (GAN), to solve the problem of reconstructing an image of a face covered by a medical mask to improve face recognition accuracy.
Modification of the Method of Object Contours Extraction in Intelligent Systems
Authors: Martyshkin Alexey Ivanovich , Bershadskaya Elena Grigorievna , Markin Evgeny Igorevich , Zuparova Valentina Vladimirovna
Published: March 2023

This research paper focuses on the use of computer vision in intelligent systems to analyze human contours. With the growth of technology in various industries, there is a need to improve the efficiency of human-computer systems. The proposed method uses a video camera and computer software to detect a person in the image and process it using the OpenCV library and C++ programming language. The paper reviews existing human detection methods, analyzes an alternative method that uses computer vision, and develops a new method for human detection. Modifications include the use of the Kuwahar filter for image blurring and the Sobel algorithm for outline extraction. Applications for this technology include security at transportation hubs and crowded areas, remote health monitoring, enhanced control at borders and secure facilities, and interactive advertising and entertainment.