bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE RESULTS OF THE APPLICATION OF LOW-INVASIVE METHODS FOR TREATMENT OF VARICOSE DISEASE
Authors: Cherkasheninov E.G. , Kalmykova A.S.
Published: March 2021

From 2015 to 2019, we performed surgical treatment of 136 patients for varicose veins of the lower extremities, of whom 74 patients were operated on by endovenous laser coagulation, 62 patients were operated on by radiofrequency ablation. The international classification of chronic venous insufficiency (CEAP) was used to distribute patients according to the severity of the disease. The indication for minimally invasive techniques was the presence of vertical reflux along the major and/or minor saphenous vein in combination with horizontal venous reflux in 95 % of cases. To perform radiofrequency ablation, the VNUS ClosureFast technique was used, and to perform endovasal laser obliteration, the «Lika-Hirurg» apparatus generating a wavelength of 1470 nm and radial (circular) light guides. To assess the results and quality of treatment, all patients underwent examination by a doctor with USDG of the operated lower extremity 1, 6 and 12 months after the treatment. Patients completed the Chronic Venous Insufficiency Questionnaire (CIVIQ 20) before surgery and 6 months after treatment. In all 136 patients, pathological venous reflux was not observed. In 2 patients, 6 months after EVLK, when performing ultrasound control in the trunks of the great saphenous vein, segmental recanalization without pathological reflux was determined. The use of radiofrequency ablation and endovasal laser coagulation of veins in the treatment of varicose veins shows positive results, and in most cases better than in classical surgical interventions, which is primarily due to the low trauma. One of the factors is the short duration of the patient's stay in the clinic and its activation immediately after the operation, which allows maintaining the routine of daily life.
An Analysis of the Cost Structure of Food Industries in Pakistan: An Application of the Translog Cost Function
Authors: Hussain Sajid , Nisar Uzma , Akram Waseem
Published: March 2021

Given the importance of food industriesin Pakistan, this studyanalyzestheircost structure by estimating thetranscendental logarithmic cost function. The study also considers elasticity of substitution along with own-price elasticity and cross-price elasticity. Four factor inputs,i.e.,labor, capital, energy,and materials,are used toestimatethe cost function. The results indicate that materialsaccount for the highest share of the cost. The elasticity of substitution of materialsfor capital and energy is also weak. The own-price elasticities indicate that the demand for materialsis least responsive to a change in its own price while the demand for other inputs varies with price. The cross-priceelasticities show that labor, capital and energy are substitutes foreach other. The output elasticity of cost demonstrates the presence of economies of scale.
Apoyo social en población con trastornos alimentarios
Authors: Méndez Camacho Yady Liz Slendy , Cerquera Córdoba Ara Mercedes
Published: March 2021

La adolescencia es una etapa de oportunidades y cambios, con tareas propias que favorecen el desarrollo de habilidades y dificultades que, para el caso, se manifiestan a través de la ingestión de alimentos. Los trastornos de conducta alimentaria se han convertido en una problemática de salud pública, que afecta principalmente esta población. Esta investigación analizó las percepciones de adolescentes con trastornos alimentarios frente al apoyo social, a fin de reconocer sus necesidades, por medio de un estudio cualitativo con enfoque fenomenológico, apoyado en la entrevista semiestructurada y la herramienta Atlas ti para el análisis de la información. Se estableció una muestra por conveniencia mediante la estrategia bola de nieve, que permitió seleccionar 16 casos accesibles de la ciudad de Bucaramanga. Los resultados sugieren que los apoyos sociales son diferentes para todos; quienes accedieron a apoyos efectivos muestran una gran mejoría en su salud; sin embargo, el apoyo social cuando es intermitente, enfocado únicamente en la familia y el individuo, sin trabajar su autoestima, adaptación social y el manejo de emociones, es incapaz de favorecer el bienestar. Finalmente, es necesario dejar a un lado visiones reduccionistas en las que se asume el trastorno únicamente desde el ámbito nutricional.
Sosialisasi Pencegahan Penyebaran Covid-19 dan Urgensi Pendidikan Moderasi Beragama
Authors: Hamid Abdul , Nasikhuddin Mohammad , Usriyah Lailatul
Published: March 2021

This covid prevention socialization was carried out to increase public awareness that the dangers of Covid 19. Coronavirus (Covid) 19 is a large family of viruses that cause infections in the respiratory tract. Initially, Covid 19 appeared in Wuhan China in December 2019. The first time the Covid 19 virus case in Indonesia occurred on March 22, 2020, after Covid 19 entered Indonesia, all activities that are usually carried out by Indonesians changed drastically, all activities that were usually carried out outside the home must be done at home online. The spread of covid 19 is through interactions with people exposed to Covid 19, then that person carries out activities that do not clean themselves, so the chain of the spread of Covid 19 will continue. Therefore, the author's socialization of covid prevention is done either online through social media or directly in the community, especially in the Kaliwates sub-district, Jember Regency. In a pandemic condition, religious moderation education must also be provided in order to filter the knowledge obtained online in order to know which is in accordance with the teachings of moderate Islam and which is not.
Keywords: Covid-19 Prevention, Religious Moderation, Citizen's Awareness.
 
Abstrak
Sosialisasi pencegahan covid ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keadaran masyarakat  bahwa bahayanya covid 19. Corona virus atau covid 19 merupakan keluarga besar virus yang menyebabkan infeksi disaluran pernapasan. Awalnya covid 19 muncul di Wuhan Cina pada  Desember 2019. Awal kali kasus virus covid 19 di Indonesia terjadi pada tanggal 22 maret 2020, setelah covid 19 masuk ke Indonesia seluruh kegiatan yang biasa dilakukan warga Indonesia menjadi berubah drastis, semua kegiatan yang biasaya dilakukan di luar rumah haru dikerjakan di rumah secara online. Penyebaran covid 19  ini melalui interaksi yang dilakukan dengan orang terpapar covid 19 kemudian orang itu melakukan kegiatan yang tanpa membersihkan diri, maka mata rantai  penyebaran covid 19 akan teus berlanjut. Oleh karena itu, sosialisasi pencegahan covid penulis lakukan baik secara online melalui media sosial ataupun terjun langsung di masyarakat khususnya di Kecamtan Kaliwates, Kabupaten Jember. Dalam kondisi pandemi pendidikan moderasi beragama juga harus diberikan guna untuk menyaring pengetahuan yang didapat dari online agar tahu mana yang sesuai dengan ajaran agama Islam yang moderat dan mana yang bukan.
Kata Kunci: Pencegahan Covid-19, Moderasi Agama, Kesadaran Masyarakat.
Distributed Photovoltaic Generation and Impact on Voltage Profiles of Distribution Feeders
Authors: Jasim Ali K. , Al-Sabounchi Ammar , Bubshait Ahmad , Al-Sagar Zuhair S.
Published: March 2021

Distributed Photovoltaic applications bring considerable benefits to the distribution network, especially in regions with high irradiation levels. This work contributes to the efforts of adapting Distributed Photovoltaic applications in Iraq, as it has high irradiation levels. The development of a Photovoltaic physical model for Distributed Photovoltaic installations under actual weather conditions has been presented. Additionally, the impact of Distributed Photovoltaic installations connected at downstream points of distribution feeders on the voltage profile along those feeders has been discussed. Based on that, a suitable procedure to assess this impact has been developed under four different scenarios. A case study of the existing 11 kV feeder in Baghdad has been used to apply the developed procedure by considering different scenarios of Distributed Photovoltaic integration. The case study concluded no over-voltage issues along the feeder, even with the extreme conditions of applied scenarios, related to voltage level at the feeder head, capacity and location of the Distributed Photovoltaic plant, and load/ Distributed Photovoltaic profiles of summer and winter.
How to Motivate Employees? Special Case of Millennial Generation in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Nhu-Ty , Pham Luong-Hoai-Thuong
Published: March 2021

This research focuses on a summary of some ways that are related to the motivation of economic work. The first section redefines the constructs and processes of motivation, along with all the issues that are associated with the theory’s contents. The second section emphasizes some previous theories that are connected with the field of motivate environment and introduces both managerial implication and recommendations. The model of contexts that influences the work motivation in the special case of Vietnamese youngsters will be organized into four components: Organizational and team culture/climate, Leadership/Social relations, Organizational practice and policies, and Work role and job demand/design. Meanwhile, the final section aims to figure out the gap in this research and point out the direction for future research performances in the field of motivating employees through which, income, salary, bonus, benefits, commission and so on in someone’s belief may have a direct relationship with the inspiration of employees. Additionally, it would determine whether those benefits will lead to higher motivation and compel the workers to exhibit more enthusiasm in completing their job.
The Optimum Process Parameter of Dissimilar Metal AA6061 – AISI304 Continuous Drive Friction Welding
Authors: Suwanda Totok , Soenoko Rudy , Irawan Yudy Surya , Choiron Moch. Agus
Published: March 2021

This article explains the use of the response surface method to produce the optimum tensile strength for the joining of dissimilar metals with the continuous drive friction welding method. The joining of dissimilar metals is one of the biggest challenges in providing industrial applications. Continuous drive friction welding has been extensively used as one of the important solid-state welding processes. In this study, the optimization of the friction welding process parameters is established to achieve the maximum tensile strength in AA6061 and AISI304 dissimilar joints via the response surface methodology. The effect of continuous drive friction welding parameters, which are friction pressure, friction time, upset pressure, and upset time, are investigated using response surface analysis. The design matrix factors are set as 27 experiments based on Box-Behnken. The 3D surface and the contour is plotted for this model to accomplish the tensile strength optimization. The optimization model of the tensile strength was verified by conducting experiments on the optimum values of the parameters based on the experimental data results. It can be denoted that the optimum process parameters settings were friction pressure = 25 MPa, friction time = 6 seconds, upset pressure = 140 MPa, and upset time = 8 seconds, which would result in a maximum tensile strength of 228.57 MPa.
Training Impact on the Human Resources Performance
Authors: Alharthy Abdulkareem Abdullah Husin , Marni Nurazmallail Bin
Published: March 2021

The study aims to measure the impact of training on the performance of human resources in the Department of Education and Knowledge in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. In particular, this study underscores the importance of human resource management practices for in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi’s Department of Education and Knowledge by designing and distributing a questionnaire to a random sample. As a research methodology, the analytical, descriptive method was used for analysis in this study, whereas data analysis and testing were carried out using SPSS. Some of the most important outcomes of this study are as follows: Human resource management practices such as compensation and benefits, employment, empowerment and human resources planning have a positive impact on innovation. In addition, compensation, benefits, employment, training and development are also known to have a positive effect on creativity, whereas human resource management practices have a positive impact on training. Further studies concerning the country’s Department of Education and Knowledge in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi are suggested related to human resources management practices, creativity, and innovation to better understand their impact on achieving competitive advantage.
Modeling Soil Erosion and Landscape Metric Analysis of River Catchments in Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Authors: Najib Sumayyah Aimi Mohd
Published: March 2021

To determine the soil erosion in ungauged catchments, the author used 2 methods: Universal Soil Loss Equation model and sampling data. Sampling data were used to verify and validate data from model. Changing land use due to human activities will affect soil erosion. Land use has changed significantly during the last century in Pulau Pinang. The main rapid changes are related to agriculture, settlement, and urbanization. Because soil erosion depends on surface runoff, which is regulated by the structure of land use and brought about through changes in slope length, land-use changes are one of many factors influencing land degradation caused by erosion. The Universal Soil Loss Equation was used to estimate past soil erosion based on land uses from 1974 to 2012. Results indicated a significant increase in three land-use categories: forestry, built-up areas, and agriculture. Another method to evaluate land use changes in this study was by using landscape metrics analysis. The mean patch size of built-up area and forest increased, while agriculture land use decreased from 48.82 patches in 1974 to 22.46 patches in 2012. Soil erosion increased from an estimated 110.18 ton/km2/year in 1974 to an estimated 122.44 ton/km2/year in 2012. Soil erosion is highly related (R2 = 0.97) to the Shannon Diversity Index, which describes the diversity in land-use composition in river basins. The Shannon Diversity Index also increased between 1974 and 2012. The findings from this study can be used for future reference and for ungauged catchment research studies.
Transformational Leadership in the Organizational Development and Industrial Sector in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Al-Busaeedi Hamad Muhanna Sultan Hamad , Marni Nurazmallail Bin
Published: March 2021

This study has created its primary purpose of investigation based on the aspects of transformational leadership and its effect on organizational development. This study also comprises another essential part, one that is attentive to the influence of transformational leadership in industrial growth in the United Arab Emirates. The principal parts of this study have been divided into two sections. The first one is focused on evaluating and examining theoretical perspectives and results of interconnections between leadership style and organizational development. This section has been divided into sub-parts, such as the theory of transformational leadership, the influence on worker performance, the application of the direction style, and the subsequent empowerment of it. The second part of this study concentrates on achieving evidence of transformational leadership impacts on the construction and industrial industries.
An Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Navigation System on the Basis of Pattern Recognition Applications
Authors: Al Said Nidal , Gorbachev Yuri
Published: March 2021

In the presented paper, the authors substantiate the possibilities of creating a navigation system based on a pattern recognition algorithm. This system is exclusively based on the computing capabilities and memory of an onboard electronic system of an unmanned aerial vehicle. An analytical review and systematization are made of promising methods and algorithms for the implementation of pattern recognition applications based on alternative unmanned aerial vehicle navigation systems.
A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Selecting Waste Composting Technology in Makassar, Indonesia
Authors: Yunus Sattar , Muis Ramdiana , Anggraini Nani , Ariani Fitri , Zulkifli
Published: March 2021

The city of Makassar is in a coastal area. Cambayya village in Makassar is densely populated and has complex waste problems. Limited land access and narrow road access make it difficult to transport waste. People’s habit of throwing garbage into the sea leads to the accumulation of garbage on the coast of Cambayya and causes various forms of environmental pollution. A form of waste management that uses composting methods is needed to handle organic waste. This study aims to find an alternative piece of composting technology to handle waste coastal area conditions. This study uses qualitative methods, namely Analytical Hierarchy Process which is descriptive, refers to data and utilizes theory as a support. The sample is chosen using the purposive sampling method. Furthermore, the analytical hierarchy process approach and a comparison matrix involving four criteria are used, namely, economic, social, environmental and technical criteria. Thirteen sub-criteria are also used. Stakeholders from the government, community, and academia are interviewed, and direct observation and documentation (evidence in data collection during interviews) are used. This study found that communal composting technology is the most appropriate type of composting for coastal areas such as Cambayya, Makassar, because the amount of waste processed is higher than other technologies such as individual and hallway composter. This reduces the amount of waste disposed at the final waste disposal site, transforming community waste management habits, saving time, increasing the community’s income from the sale of compost.
Comparative Evaluation of Path Finding in All Pair Shortest Path Problem for Airline Network
Authors: Al-Zubaydi Nadia Moqbel Hassan
Published: March 2021

In the field of geoformation and transportation science, the shortest path is calculated on graph mostly found in road and transportation networks, especially the network of airports of some capitals around the globe. Against this backdrop, the present paper follows Geographic Information Systems to investigate the real distance for the airline in order to achieve an optimal aircraft routing within a dynamically stochastic transportation network. Routing is a procedure of forwarding the data from a known seed to the goal in which the data may travel through several intermediate routes. Consequently, the selection of the best possible shortest path nodes to forward the data using all pair shortest path is necessitated. Moreover, as a result of this approach, this shortest path selection of nodes will help facilitate the attainment of an efficient performance in the network. Copious amounts of work have been carried out to discover the shortest path in the network routing for the purpose of improving its efficiency and overcoming possible problems.
Vehicle License Plate Detection for Parking Offenders Using Automatic License-Plate Recognition
Authors: Pratama Chuan , Aulia Suci , Ramadan Dadan Nur , Hadiyoso Sugondo
Published: March 2021

Vehicles parked illegally on the highway can limit road space and result in congestion. Thus, illegal parking must be monitored and controlled. In this study, a prototype system for detecting the license plates of parking offenders based on image processing was implemented. The first stage in this system is detecting the license plate, then segmenting each character into a separate image. The next stage is converting the character from image to text format, referred to as automatic license-plate recognition. The goal is to send that detected plate license to the database of the authorities, so that the authorities can discover the identity of the parking offender to impose sanctions. In this study, several conditions of acquisition and variations of edge detection methods were tested. Based on the test results, an accuracy rate of 100% was obtained for license plate detection using the Canny method during the morning, with the camera position at 3 meters high, 2 meters of distance, and a 60o angle.
Filozofia i sztuka u Nietzschego (Nietzsche's Concept of Art and Philosophy)
Authors: Fudali Paweł
Published: March 2021

Nietzsche, more than any other philosopher of the past hundred years, represents a major historical event. His ideas are of concern not only to the members of one nation or community, nor alone to philosophers, but to men everywhere, and they have had repercussions in recent history and literature as well as in religious thought. The book by Henryk Benisz sets Nietzsche understanding of art-as-philosophy against philosophy-without-art.
Biological adaptation: dependence or independence from environment?
Authors: Koszteyn Jolanta , Lenartowicz Piotr
Published: March 2021

Since more than hundred years the attempts to explain biological adaptations constitute the main current of evolutionary thinking. In 1901 C. LI. Morgan wrote: „The doctrine of evolution has rendered the study of adaptation of scientific importance. Before that doctrine was formulated, natural adaptations formed part of the mystery of special creation, and played a great role in natural theology through the use of the argument from 'design in nature’". The modem doctrine of biology stresses the importance of the environment in „shaping" the inner properties of every living being. This means an obvious although tacit refusal to assume or recognize any single, integrated agent in the origin of main functional biological traits and in the genesis of new kinds of life. The role ascribed to random mutations, and to „pressures of the environment" is just one aspect of the neodarwinian theory. Another aspect of this doctrine is the widespread conviction that all phenomena of life are a natural, both random and necessary result of interactions between constantly changing material objects.
Antonio Perez (1599-1649) in seinen Beziehungen zur polnischen Jesuitenscholastik
Authors: Knebel Sven
Published: March 2021

Durch die Forschungen R. Darowskis wissen wir, wie unmittelbar Spanier im 16, Jh. am Aufbau des Philosophiestudiums an den polnischen Jesuitenkollegien beteiligt gewesen sind. Mit der erfolgten Suarezrezeption war auch ihr mittelbarer Einfluß auf die polnische Philosophiegeschichte keineswegs erschöpft. Eine kürzlich erschienene Monographie zu Antonio Perez SJ lenkt den Blick auf eine auch in der Beziehung interessante Figur.
Roman Darowski. Filozofia człowieka. Zarys problematyki [Philosophie de l'homme. Esquisse de la problématique]
Authors: Radecki Damian
Published: March 2021

L'auteur de ce livre est depuis longtemps professeur de philosophie de l'homme a la Faculte de Philosophie de la Compagnie de Jesus a Cracovie. II a publie notamment deux ouvrages collectifs sur ce sujet: Czlowiek i swiat [L'homme et le monde], Cracovie 1972, et Człowiek - istnienie i działanie [L'homme - son existence et son agir], Cracovie 1974. Apres l'Avant-propos et la Bibliographie, ce livre contient 3 parties inegales: 1) Questions preliminaires; 2) L'histoire de la philosophie de l'homme; 3) Principaux problemes de la philosophie de l'homme.
Jerzego Gengell SJ (1657-1727) rozprawa o nieśmiertelności ludzkiej duszy
Authors: Bargieł Franciszek
Published: March 2021

Jerzy Gengell jest jednym z najwybitniejszych i chyba najpłodniejszym wśród jezuickich pisarzy w I połowie XVIII w. Jego drukowana spuścizna liczy 18 poważniejszych pozycji, jak to podaje jego biograf w Polskim Słowniku Biograficznym (VII, 1948-58, s. 385), ks. Jan Poplatek SJ; on tez pierwszy spośród polskich teologów katolickich w sposób najwszechstronniejszy, systematyczny i pogłębiony podjął zagadnienie ateizmu, a na jego tle kwestię kartezjanizmu i płynących z jego ideowych założeń i zasad konsekwencji logicznych,  niebezpiecznych dla chrześcijańskiej wiary, teologii i filozofii, by na te zagrożenia odpowiedzieć w sposób naukowy, a swoich czytelników na nie uwrażliwić. Stąd charakter polemiczno-apologetyczny większości jego dzieł, w których zwalcza również inne ówczesne - jego zdaniem błędne – doktryny religijne: luteranizm, kalwinizm, zwinglianizm, jansenizm itp.
Is Science Eliminating Ordinary Talk?
Authors: Caruana Louis
Published: March 2021

Discussions dealing with natural science, philosophy and common sense are bound to draw on long-standing debates dealing with realism, methodology of science, philosophy of mind, metaphysics, epistemology, theories of meaning, and other topics. Instead of presenting a broad overview of these main trends, which will necessarily be superficial, I will do a kind of case study. The aim is to present just one particular debate which is of relevance to current research. The presentation is meant to give a taste of how these various long-standing debates are brought to bear on a specific issue. In this way, the very practice of engaging in a particular area of philosophy of science will serve as a platform from where the major areas can be seen in actual operation. The paper has four sections: the nature of ordinary talk; the ontological implications of this; the recently proposed account of the mental; an evaluation.
Roman Darowski. Studia z filozofii jezuitów w Polsce w XVII i XVIII wieku [Études sur la philosophie des jésuites en Pologne au XVIIᵉ et XVIIᵉ siècle]
Authors: Radecki Damian
Published: March 2021

C'est une edition corrigee et augmentee des articles de Darowski, publies precedement - a partir de 1978 - dans differentes revues. Ils concernent tous la Philosophie des jesuites en Pologne et en Lituanie au XVIIe et XVIIIe siecle. Les resumes ou summaria (en latin) se trouvent a la fin de chaque chapitre. A la fin du livre, l'Auteur a ajoute quelques reflexions methodologiques et historiques sur l'art d'ecrire la philosophie des jesuites en Pologne du XVIe au XVIIIe siecle, ainsi que la bibliographie recente de la philosophie des jesuites de la meme epoque.
Probleme der erkenntnistheoretischen Tradition
Authors: Schöndorf Harald
Published: March 2021

Man betreibt heutzutage nicht selten Wissenschaftstheorie, ohne sich zuerst über die allgemeinen erkenntnistheoretischen Grundlagen im klaren zu sein. Man meint, man könne durch die Analyse der Wissenschaft auch die Erkenntnis als solche besser begreifen. Dahinter steht der klassische Gedanke, daß die wissenschaftliche Erkenntnis die genauere und darum auch bessere und einzig wahre Erkenntnis ist, die
als Maßstab für alle andere Erkenntnis dienen sollte. Husserl, Heidegger, Wittgenstein, aber auch Denker wie Thomas Kuhn haben gezeigt, daß die Wissenschaft - zumindest in ihrer modernen Form nicht einfachhin die bessere Erkenntnis darstellt, sondern eine ganz bestimmte Form der Abstraktion und der Formalisierung, die keineswegs in jeder Hinsicht die „bessere" und „richtigere" Erkenntnis gegenüber der Alltagserkenntnis darstellt. Für Aristoteles war die wissenschaftliche Erkenntnis zugleich eine Wesenserkenntnis, und aus diesem Grund war sie besser als die alltägliche Erkenntnis. Für die neuzeitliche Wissenschaft gilt dies nicht mehr. Denn sie interessiert sich nicht für das Wesen der Dinge, sondern will Prozesse erklären.
Substance and Cognition of Biological Phenomena
Authors: Lenartowicz Piotr
Published: March 2021

Biologists are not used to the term „substance". They prefer to say „a living being", „an organism", a „specimen of species Homo sapiens'' - for instance. Chemists, on the other hand, when they say „this is a new substance" they usually mean the same Aristotle would mean - I think. The chemical meaning of the term „substance" is closest to the one I am going to discuss in this paper. To know a substance, one has to accumulate and store a multitude of different forms of evidence concerning this „natural behavior". So that concept of the „nature" of a given chemical substance is necessarily very complex and it cannot result from a single sensation, or a momentary observation
Freedom and Types of its Deformation
Authors: Kowalczyk Stanisław
Published: March 2021

Freedom appears in the very centre of human existence: it constitutes its „heart", sanctuary, indispensible source of dignity, and mystery. Freedom makes man, homo sapiens, both a subject and a person. The history of humankind is a history of an unceasing struggle to conquer and widen the borders of its freedom, although often it is also a history of the betrayal of freedom, of enslaving others, or of an escape from freedom^. Freedom is a foundation of man's activity, determining its purposefulness. It offers man a possibility of self-determination, internal development, though also of self-destruction. There are three main types of freedom: personalistic, individualistic and collectivistic.
L'apporto di K. Wojtyła agli studi sulla moderna antropologia filosofica
Authors: Koperek Jerzy
Published: March 2021

Lo studio che presentiamo si muove nell'ambito personaHstico e piu particolarmente nel'ambito del personalismo sviluppato in Polonia sulla base dell'influsso che ha avuto J . Maritain. Come accenna R. Buttiglione, in Polonia si ritrovano due correnti principali del tomismo rinnovato sulla base dell'influsso del personalismo: la prima e la corrente del tomismo tradizionale e la seconda e la corrente del tomismo esistenziale. Il piu eminente rappresentante della prima corrente e M. A. Krąpiec che sviluppa il concetto del tomismo tradizionale, chiamato da R. Buttiglione
il tomismo trascendentale. Secondo R. Buttiglione questa sarebbe l'ala piu conservatrice del rinnovamento tomistico in Polonia. Invece il rappresentante piu eminente della seconda corrente piu progressista nello sviluppo tomistico in Polonia era K. Wojtyla, l'attuale Sommo Pontefice Giovanni Paolo II. Questa corrente che sviluppava il tomismo esistenziale, si caratterizzava per la possibilita di rinnovare il tomismo o il personalismo tomista con le filosofie moderne e particolarmente con la fenomenologia.
On the descriptive terminology of the information transfer between organisms
Authors: Koszteyn Jolanta , Lenartowicz Piotr
Published: March 2021

Information transfer implies two independent beings (a sender and a receiver) and two distinct, although closely tied levels of reality (the level of a message and the level of its production). In other words the „information transfer" is a multi-layer reality. The investigation of the „causal" mechanisms presupposes a proper description of the phenomenal effects. It is the phenomenal sphere of the directly observable events which provokes - in our mind - the questions driving the effort to explore the „mechanisms". It is absolutely crucial, therefore, to approach the process of description with the sufficiently unbiased means. A premature narrowing on the descriptive level may fatally affect our „explanatory" ideas on the underlying mechanisms. For instance, in the realm of „information theories" there is a deeply rooted, but not too reliable conviction, that the descriptive means, used in the process of the construction and utilization of some technical devices, give us a fair
chance to describe the „Information transfer" within or between the living creatures.
II concetto della persona umana nell'ambito del personalismo di Karol Wojtyła
Authors: Koperek Jerzy
Published: March 2021

II concetto della persona umana secondo Karol Wojtyła si deve vedere sullo sfondo della moderna antropologia filosofica, la cui nota caratteristica e di considerare l'uomo come unita corporale-spirituale, contrariamente alla concezione tradizionale - come essere composto di anima e di corpo. Da questo risulta che l'accento si sposta dalle concezioni dualistiche dell'uomo alle concezioni unitarie. In questa concezione non si livella la differenza tra l'anima e il corpo, ma solo si presenta in altro modo il rapporto tra loro.
La méthodologie des analyses de l'expérience de Dieu dans la nouvelle phénoménologie d'Emmanuel Lévinas
Authors: Jarnuszkiewicz Antoni
Published: March 2021

Dans ce commentaire, je voudrais me referer a la solution fondamentale metodologique que propose Levinas dans ses analyses de l'experience de Dieu. La philosophie de Levinas, φιλοσοφία πρώτη, est avant tout une philosophie premiere, donc la metaphysique ; elle n'est ni l'anthropologie ni la theologie naturelle, sinon la metaphysique de l'intention. C'est pour cela quo Jean Lacroix a appele Levinas dans „Le personnalisme comme anti-ideologie" (Paris 1972) „le plus grand metaphysicien vivant de l'inspiration personnaliste". Aujourd'hui, apres la mort de Levinas survenue a Noel 1995, tout le contenu de cette opinion roste actuelle, sauf quo Levinas ne seit plus contemporain. Neanmoins, il nous est proche, comme l'a suggere J. Derrida conformement a la definition de la proximite, faite par Levinas memo, comme „a-Dieu".
Faith and Science. A Common Responsibility for Human Dignity
Authors: Kolvenbach Peter-Hans
Published: March 2021

I should first of all like to greet His Excellency Msgr Josip Bozanic, Archbishop of Zagreb, His Excellency Msgr Giulio Einaudi, Apostolic Nuncio in Croatia, Their Lordships the Bishops, the authorities both civil and academic, the teaching and non-teaching staff, the students, my fellow Jesuits, and all the colleagues and friends present at this solemn opening of the new Chair in the Faculty of Philosophy and of Theological Study of the Society of Jesus at Zagreb. I thank heartily all those who have in any way helped to bring this project to completion. I hope that it will enable us to render a valuable service to the Church in Croatia and to the culture of the Croatian people, a service that the Society of Jesus has held dear from its very beginning, striving to contribute, through its intellectual endeavours, to the understanding of the work of creation.
Benedictus Dobszewicz SJ (1722-c. 1794) eiusque partes in philosophia Societatis Jesu in Polonia saeculo XVIII renovanda
Authors: Bargieł Franciszek
Published: March 2021

Sub hoc titulo, sed lingua polonica expresso, dissertatio 57 paginarum publicata est a Facultate Philosophica SJ Cracoviae anno 1980 in opere collective: Studia z historii filozofii [Studia de historia philosophiae], cuius hic et nunc breve summarium pro „Foro Philosophico" eiusdem Facultatis periodico proponitur. En huius studii contentum: 1) Informationes bibliographicae; 2) Brevis biographia Auctoris; 3) Relatio de eins doctrina philosophica: logica, metaphysica et physica; 4) Animadversiones generales.
Andrzej Walicki. Polskie zmagania z wolnością [Polish Troubles in Freedom]
Authors: Obirek Stanisław
Published: March 2021

Profesor Andrzej Walicki, born in 1930, is a historian of philosophy and social thought connected with the so called „Warsaw School of the History of Ideas" prevalent during the 1960s. His field of specialization is the history of Russian and Polish thought and also that of Marxist philosophy. Until 1981, he was professor at the Institute of Philosophy and Sociology PAN (Polish Academy of Science). During the time of martial law, Walicki was in Australia as a visiting professor of the Australian National University of Canberra. In 1986, he started working at the University of Notre Dame in the USA as chief of the chair of the history of ideas, where he continued to work until 1999, the vear of his retirement.
Adalbertus (Wojciech) Tylkowski SJ (1624-1695) eiusque „philosophia curiosa" (1669)
Authors: Bargieł Franciszek
Published: March 2021

Vir iste, de quo est sermo, nostro etiam tempore mentione dignus videtur qua insignis sui temporis
testis, plurimorum diversissimi argumenti operum scriptor (de theologia, philosophia, physico-mathematicis scientiis, ascesi, devotione, educatione, homiletica iureque canonico) plurimis in locis non solum in
Poloniae finibus, verum et apud exteras impressorum nationes (Augsburg, Braunsberg-Braniewo, Frankfurt, Gdahsk-Oliwa, Graz, Heiligenstadt, Kalisz, Kraköw, Konstanz, Kosnitz, Lublin, Lwöw, Nysa, Przemyśl, Regensburg, Trnava (Tyrnava), Ulm, Warszawa, Wien, Vilna-Wilno-Vilnius, Wroclaw, Würzburg). Homo igitur valde studiosus ac eruditissimus fuit, multarum linguarum gnarus ac polyhistor, textus suos lingua latina ac vulgari-polona conficiens, cuius nomen in culturae
intellectualis (Polonae ac Europaeae) historia perenniter inscriptum est nec de ea deleri debeat.
Robert Spaeman. Grenzen. Zur ethischen Dimension des Handelns [Granice. O etycznym wymiarze działania]
Authors: Machnacz Jerzy
Published: March 2021

Książka zawiera prace Spaemanna powstała na przestrzeni 40 lat, dotąd nie publikowane oraz już publikowane w znanych dziennikach o wielkich nakładach, jak i w czasopismach przeznaczonych dla fachowców: filozofów, lekarzy, prawników, inżynierów i techników, naukowców, teologów. Teksty napisane językiem prostym, pięknym, wymagają jednak od czytelnika dużej koncentracji. Spaemann wyznaje, ze „we wszystkich tekstach chodzi o orientacje w życiu i działaniu" (s. 7). Jako filozof jest on blisko życia, jego myślenie „dotyka" podstawowych problemów człowieka współczesnego.
System wartości Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Gęsiak Leszek
Published: March 2021

Unia Europejska jest nową, dynamicznie rozwijającą się na naszych oczach rzeczywistością. Jej historia, pomimo niewielu lat istnienia, jest bogata i bardzo złożona, tak jak i cała struktura Unii. Nie ulega jednak wątpliwości, że jednym z najważniejszych elementów, które zdecydowały o tym, by ideę jednoczenia się naszego kontynentu próbować przełożyć na konkretne dokonania, były europejskie doświadczenia, wpisane na karty historii, szczególnie najnowszej historii XX stulecia, poranionej dwoma wojnami światowymi, niezliczonymi konfliktami i dramatami kulturowymi, etnicznymi, narodowościowymi.
Franciszka Gabryla antropologia i teoria poznania
Authors: Krasnodębski Mikołaj
Published: March 2021

Konstanty Michalski (1879-1947) w wykładzie wygłoszonym na uroczystym posiedzeniu Krakowskiego Towarzystwa Filozoficznego w dniu 14 stycznia 1914 roku w auli Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, poświęconym zmarłemu Franciszkowi Gabrylowi, wykazał, że filozofia neoscholastyczna nie jest już nauką, uprawianą i „zamykaną" w zaciszach klasztornych cel i salach wykładowych seminariów duchownych. Przeciwnie, neoscholastyka wychodzi naprzeciw współczesnej sobie filozofii nowożytnej i podejmuje dyskurs ze spychającymi ją na margines kultury umysłowej nurtami takimi jak: ontologizm, fideizm i kartezjanizm. Przez filozofią neoscholastyczną należy rozumieć szeroko pojęty tomizm, zarówno w ujęciu tradycyjnym, jak i lowańskim, naukę Arystotelesa, Ojców i Doktorów Kościoła, oraz autorów scholastycznych (np. Idziego Rzymianina, Franciszka Suareza).
Tadeusz Ślipko. Zarys etyki ogólnej [Outline of General Ethics]
Authors: Biesaga Tadeusz
Published: March 2021

This is a new edition of the manual published in 1974 and 1984. Compared with those earlier editions it is revised, enlarged and more precise in its argumentation. In its beginnings the manual aimed at meeting the didactic needs to present students of the Faculty of Christian Philosophy at the ATK (Academy of Catholic Theology in Warsaw) a complete handling of Christian ethics. The author, who wrote his manual in difficult times of communist ideology, decided to include in one work, besides a positive exposition of Christian ethics, a critical discussion with other ethical systems as well as his own explicit theory on Augustinian and Thomistic ethics, which he endeavoured to develop. Thus the work interlocked the didactic objectives and the process of growth and justification of the Author's views (R. Darowski SJ, Filozofia Jezuitów w Polsce w XX wieku (Jesuits' Philosophy in Poland in the 20th century), Krakow 2001, p. 308).
Józef Bremer. Ludwig Wittgenstein a Religia - Wprowadzenie [Ludwig Wittgenstein and Religion - Introduction]
Authors: Wawrzyniak Jan
Published: March 2021

Józef Bremer's book, Ludwig Wittgenstein and Religion, is the first extensive Polish commentary on Wittgenstein's philosophy of religion and is worth reading even if for no other reason. As author suggests in the subtitle, the book is not intended for specialists. However, it is difficult to understand the arguments without a general knowledge of Wittgenstein's philosophy. It has a loose structure and can be regarded as a collection of essays preceded by a chapter
introducing the problems of Wittgenstein's philosophy. The task which the author has undertaken is very ambitious, because even a sketchy presentation and interpretation of Wittgenstein's remarks on religion is difficult - precisely
because it is sketchy. There are several reasons for this. First, understanding Wittgenstein's views concerning religion requires a perfect understanding of all aspects of his philosophy, since it is impossible to separate his considerations on religion from the rest of his investigations. Secondly, Wittgenstein's writings are full of ambiguous aphorisms and not always conclusive mini-dialogues, which is why there exist many alternative interpretations of his texts. Thirdly, only a few of his notes about religion have been published.
Actio immanens - a fundamental concept of biological investigation
Authors: Koszteyn Jolanta
Published: March 2021

Actio immanens - as many other terms, coined by the Aristotelian-Thomist philosophical (A-T) tradition - is a biological concept par excellence. It was formed as a mental result of biological observation, on the strength of studies on living beings and so, refers to them first and foremost. During the last century, the term actio immanens gradually disappeared from philosophical encyclopedias and has totally vanished from the biological and philosophical language used to describe the dynamism of life. Moreover, if this term does appear at all, its meaning is rather vague. However, actio immanens belongs to the group of key concepts, without which it would seem not possible to properly describe, nor to properly understand biological phenomena.
Wartość miłości czy miłość wartości?
Authors: Klepacki Piotr
Published: March 2021

Każdy człowiek funkcjonuje w jakimś systemie - rodzina, polityka, religia, to tylko niektóre z nich. Trudno określić, na ile pozostajemy niewolnikami systemów, do czasu, w którym zadamy sobie pytanie o prawdę. Jest to jednocześnie pytanie o istoty człowieczeństwa, stanowiące punkt zwrotny w pojmowaniu własnego miejsca na ziemi, w przestrzeni i w czasie, w świecie materii i poza nim. Jesteśmy współtwórcami sieci interakcji i wzajemnych zależności. Aby mimo to określić proporcje naszej wolności do konieczności, jak im podlegamy, musimy poznać prawdy o osobie ludzkiej. Pytanie to przenosi nas w obszary wartości podstawowych - obok prawdy znajdujemy piękno i dobro, stanowiące o treści i jakości życia. Istnieje przy tym duży problem z hierarchizacją wartości, jeszcze większy zaś ze stworzeniem systemu, w którym czerpiąc z pojmowanych prawd nasycalibyśmy egzystencję głębią autentycznego istnienia. Max Scheler - gdyż to jego spojrzenie nas tu interesuje, ukazał nową i odmienną perspektywę widzenia wartości, a mianowicie jako obiektywnej, samodzielnej i nieredukowalnej jakości. To także Scheler wprowadził kategorię iluzji aksjologicznej, będącej poniekąd antytezą ukształtowanego przez pozytywizm przekonania o identyczności wyobrażeń o wartościach z samymi wartościami.
Existential Analysis in Roman Ingarden's Ontology
Authors: Rosiak Marek
Published: March 2021

Ingarden conceives ontology as a philosophia prima, which deals with being as purely possible (it complies with the essentialistic tradition of Duns Scotus and Wolff). It is an intuitive (anschaulich) and a priori analysis of the content of the relevant ideas (rein apriorische Analyse der Ideengehalte). It consists of three parts: existential, formal and material ontology. Existential ontology deals with the possible modes of existence (Seinsweise). Problems of factual existence pertain to metaphysics, which is a separate branch of theoretical philosophy, based on ontology.
Intrinsic Value and the Argument from Regress
Authors: Tanner Julia
Published: March 2021

Proponents of the argument from regress maintain that the existence of Instrumental Value is sufficient to establish the existence of Intrinsic Value. It is argued that the chain of instrumentally valuable things has to end somewhere. Namely with intrinsic value. In this paper, I shall argue something a little more modest than this. I do not want to argue that the regress argument proves that there is intrinsic value but rather that it proves that the idea of intrinsic value is a necessary part of our thinking about moral value.
The 'Meditational' Genre of Descartes' Meditations
Authors: Kureethadam Joshtrom Isaac
Published: March 2021

In this paper, I reflect on Descartes' employment of the meditational genre in the weaving of the text of the Meditations. In the first part, the possible influences behind Descartes' choice of the meditational genre are examined. The second part of the paper attempts to spell out the significance of Descartes' use of the meditational form. The claim advanced here is that Descartes adopted this unique genre ultimately to further his radical philosophical project of a subject-centred theory of knowledge and a new metaphysical Weltbild, with the self (res cogitans) catapulted to the central stage and the physical world (res extensa) reduced to an object of the subject's act of representation.
Time and Its Philosophical Implications
Authors: Ziemiański Stanisław
Published: March 2021

The conception of time, presented by St. Augustine, unites within itself the physical-philosophical views of Aristotle, and its own psychological view concerning the lived experience of the flow of sensory impressions from the past towards the future. H. Majkrzak (1999) underlines, in Augustine, the existential moment of time. The time of a human life is limited: it is situated within borders stretching from the day of birth to the day of death. This faithful and precise representation of the Augustinian conception of time, nevertheless brings the reader up against a problem: What value does it have today?
Friedrich August von Hayek: Konstytucja wolności
Authors: Urgacz Paweł
Published: March 2021

The article reviews the book Konstytucja wolności [The Constitution of Liberty], by Friedrich August von Hayek.
DISSOLVING PULP FROM NON-WOOD PLANTS BY PREHYDROLYSISPOTASSIUM HYDROXIDE PROCESS
Authors: MAMON SARKAR AKASH , NAYEEM JANNATUN , RAHAMAN M. MOSTAFIZUR , JAHAN M. SARWAR
Published: March 2021

The garment industry is the backbone of Bangladesh’s economy, which imports 30000 metric tons of rayon fiber every year. Bangladesh used to have a rayon plant, but it was shut down a long time ago. At present, the establishment of a new rayon plant in Bangladesh has become an objective. As a forest deficient country, non-wood plants need to be explored for rayon grade dissolving pulp production. Therefore, in this paper, prehydrolysis potassium hydroxide (KOH) pulping process has been investigated for dissolving pulp production from rice and wheat straws, corn stalk, dhaincha and jute stick. The lowest prehydrolysis yield was 70.1% obtained for corn stalks and the highest prehydrolysis yield was 92.1% for wheat straw. The KOH cooking of prehydrolysed rice straw, wheat straw and corn stalks with 14% alkali charge produced pulps with kappa numbers of 5.7, 4.5 and 8.8, respectively, while prehydrolysed dhaincha and jute stick needed 18% alkali charge to get a bleachable pulp. Dhaincha showed the highest pulp yield (37.3%) with the highest α-cellulose content (92.24%) and the lowest residual pentosan content (5.37%). Further purification with cold KOH extraction increased purity by 3% for rice straw pulp and by 1% for dhaincha, wheat straw, corn stalks and jute stick pulp. Thus, the dissolving pulp produced in this study by the prehydrolysis KOH process can meet the criteria for rayon grade pulp.