bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KONSEP NUSYU<Z DAN KEKERASAN TERHADAP ISTERI	: Perbandingan Hukum Positif dan Fiqh
Authors: Wahyuni Sri
Published: September 2024

The concept of wife’s nusyu>z to husband formulated previous scholars as disobedience wife to husband like out of the house without the husband's permission need to be revisited. Nusyu>z concept in Islamic law does not actually legalize all forms of violence to wives. Beating of wives in an-Nisa '(4): 34 should be interpreted as an act to give a lesson, not to hurt even do violence. Moreover, beating at the verse should not be to injure members of his wife's body. Meanwhile, the act of a husband who beat his wife to injury or other forms of violence committed by husbands to wives, can be expressed as nusyu>z husband to wife. In this paper, the authors attempt to reinterpret the concepts of nusyu>z and the beating as effort to minimize domestic violence.Konsep nusyuz isteri terhadap suami yang dirumuskan ulama terdahulu sebagai ’ketidaktaatan isteri terhadap suami’ seperti keluar rumah tanpa izin suami dan lain sebagainya kiranya perlu ditinjau kembali. Konsep nusyuz dalam hukum Islam sebenarnya tidak melegalkan segala bentuk kekerasan terhadap isteri. Pemukulan terhadap isteri dalam an-Nisa’ (4): 34 hendaknya dimaknai sebagai tindakan untuk memberi pelajaran, bukan untuk menyakiti bahkan berbuat kekerasan. Apalagi pemukulan yang dimaksud ayat tersebut tidak boleh sampai melukai anggota tubuh isteri. Sementara itu, tindakan suami yang memukul isterinya hingga luka atau bentuk kekerasan lain yang dilakukan oleh suami terhadap isteri maka dapat dinyatakan sebagai nusyuz suami terhadap isteri. Dalam tulisan ini, penulis mencoba melakukan reinterpretasi terhadap konsep nusyuz dan pemukulan tersebut sebagai upaya minimalisasi tindak kekerasan dalam rumah tangga.
TRADISI DOI’ MENRE’ Dalam Pernikahan Adat Bugis Di Jambi
Authors: Pattiroy Ahmad , Salam Idrus
Published: September 2024

Perkawinan merupakan salah satu sendi kehidupan masyarakat yang tidak bisa lepas dari tradisi yang telah dimodifikasi agar sesuai dengan ajaran yang mereka anut. Adat istiadat tertentu tampak begitu menyatu dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Ia juga ikut berperan aktif dalam mengatur tentang perkawinan. Secara spesifik, praktis adat semacam ini dapat ditemukan dalam model Perkawinan Adat Bugis di Jambi. Doi’ menre’ adalah ketentuan adat yang mensyaratkan bahwa seorang suami harus memberikan suatu pemberian kepada seorang perempuan yang jumlahnya sesuai dengan kesepakatan antara pihak laki-laki dengan pihak perempuan, di samping kewajibannya untuk memberikan mahar sebagaimana yang diatur dalam hukum perkawinan Islam. Melihat persoalan ini, timbul kesan bahwa ada dua kewajiban yang mesti dilakukan oleh calon suami kepada calon istri, yaitu kewajiban memberi pemberian adat yang dikenal dengan istilah doi’ menre’ dan kewajiban untuk memberikan mahar sebagaimana yang disyari’atkan dalam hukum perkawinan Islam. Sepintas hal ini sangat bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam atau setidak-tidaknya menyulitkan masyarakat Bugis di dalam melaksanakan perkawinan, padahal Islam hanya mensyaratkan mahar, tidak lebih dari itu.
PEMIKIRAN T. M. HASBI ASH-SHIDDIEQY: Sumber Hukum Islam dan Relevansinya dengan Pemikiran Hukum Islam Di Indonesia
Authors: Tahir Masnun
Published: September 2024

Fiqh Indonesia yang menjadi tema pemikiran hukum Hasbi sepanjang tahun 1940-an sampai 1975, merupakan icon dan usaha pertama (pioneer) meretas hukum Islam dalam konteks merespon kebijakan pembangunan Negara. Dengan dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya penilaian (kritik) dari Soekarno bahwa pemikiran hukum Islam kurang memiliki respon atas permasalahan-permasalahan social kemasyarakatan maka hadirnya fiqh Indonesia yang digagas Hasbi sebenarnya bermaksud merumuskan ketetapan fiqh dari hasil ijtihad yang lebih cocok dengan kebutuhan masyarakat Indonesia, agar fiqh tidak menjadi barang asing dan diperlakukan sebagai barang antik. Dalam pandangan penggagasnya, hukum Islam harus mampu menjawab persoalan-persoalan baru, terutama dalam segala cabang dari bidang muamalah yang belum ada ketetapan hukumnya. Hukum (fiqh) juga harus mampu hadir dan berpartisipasi dalam membentuk gerak langkah kehidupan masyarakat. Sampai di sini terlihat bahwa Hasbi memaknai hukum Islam dalam bingkai law as a tool to social engineering (hukum dijadikan sebagai sarana rekayasa sosial).
MEMPERSIAPKAN KELUARGA SAKINAH
Authors: Supriatna Supriatna
Published: September 2024

Perkawinan merupakan suatu anugerah Allah agar makhluk hidup bisa mempertahankan keberlangsungan hidupnya. Perkawinan yang ditetapkan Allah adalah lembaga luhur untuk mengatur hubungan antara laki-laki dan perempuan sesuai dengan martabat manusia. Bentuk perkawinan yang disyari'atkan oleh agama Islam telah memberikan jalan yang aman pada naluri seks, memelihara keturunan dengan baik dan menjaga kaum perempuan agar tidak laksana rumput yang bisa dimakan oleh binatang ternak dengan seenaknya. Menurut syari'at Islam, tujuan seseorang melakukan perkawinan di antaranya adalah untuk mewujudkan kehidupan yang sakînah dengan  dilandasi mawaddah wa rahmah, yaitu kehidupan yang tentram yang dilandasi cinta (mawaddah) dan kasih sayang (rahmah) di antara suami isteri dan seluruh anggota keluarga.
EKSPLOITASI PEREMPUAN Kasus Penerbitan Majalah Play Boy di Indonesia
Authors: Zulfa Kholid
Published: September 2024

Penerbitan majalah Play Boy yang mengacuhkan budaya, adat dan protes/kegelisahan banyak orang adalah sikap keras yang telah memancing berbagai bentuk tindakan kekerasan. Argumen penerbitan majalah Play Boy di Indonesia yang bersandar pada demokrasi atau HAM, dan bahwa hukum belum mengaturnya adalah kurang berdasar sama sekali, sebab demokrasi memperhatikan suara minoritas akan tetapi cenderung mengutamakan suara mayoritas, sedangkan pelaksanaan HAM juga memiliki konteks dan struktur sosial sendiri serta memperhatikan hukum yang berlaku. Sementara, penerbitan majalah Play Boy cenderung mementingkan kepentingan dan keuntungan bisnis pribadi, tidak mengindahkan dampak sosialnya bagi generasi muda dan martabat kaum perempuan (baca: Indonesia). Di sinilah letak eksploitasi tubuh perempuan dalam kasus penerbitan majalah Play Boy di Indonesia yang kemudian melahirkan adanya spiral kekerasan di tengah masyarakat.
KEWARISAN ANAK HASIL INCEST
Authors: Fuad Ahmad
Published: September 2024

Berdasarkan realitas yang ada, perbuatan incest, dengan kata lain hubungan seksual sedarah, sudah semakin merebak. Upaya untuk meminimalisir adanya perilaku incest tersebut, yakni adanya kontrol masyarakat dan penegakan hukum yang tegas sesuai dengan ketentuan syariat terhadap para pelaku incest. Harapannya agar pelaku incest menjadi jera dan dapat menjadi pelajaran bagi masyarakat sekitarnya, supaya lebih berhati-hati dan tidak terjerumus dalam perbuatan tersebut. Bagi setiap insan kamil, khususnya pemuka agama, tokoh masyarakat  diharapkan peran yang sangat penting untuk memberikan pengertian dan penjelasan mengenai larangan melakukan hubungan zina, lebih lagi melakukan hubungan seksual yang dilakukan antara anggota keluarga (incest). Bagi masyarakat luas, hendaklah jangan mencaci-maki atau menggunjing bila di antara masyarakat ada anak yang dilahirkan dari perbuatan zina/incest dengan sebutan-sebutan yang merendahkan harga diri anak tersebut, sebab anak tersebut tidaklah salah dilahirkan di dunia ini  yang salah adalah perbuatan kedua orang tuanya yang menyebabkan kelahiran anak ini. Anak ini adalah anak yang normal serta memiliki hak hidup yang sama dengan anak lainnya.
HIBAH ORANG TUA KEPADA ANAK SEBAGAI PENGGANTI WARIS (Telaah Hermeneutika Terhadap Pasal 211 Kompilasi Hukum Islam)
Authors: Al Amin M. Nur Kholis
Published: September 2024

The inheritance of wealth is to be experienced by every Muslim family. Essentially, in Islamic inheritance implemented as heir had died. However, in the lives of the people of Indonesia held a lot going on heritage heir, who in this case the parents to their children will still living with an alternative bussiness “grants”. It has been granted legalization to determined the article 211 KHI, which seemed to give the inheritance of the practice of Islamic ortodoxy hit. Therefore, it is interesting to analyze further what lies behind the preparation and legal substance to the article. This paper seeks to understand the substance and stored legal values in article 211 KHI by using the approach og “legal hermeneutics”. [Proses kewarisan harta kekayaan merupakan hal yang akan dialami setiap keluarga muslim. Pada dasarnya kewarisan dalam Islam dilaksanakan ketika pewaris telah meninggal dunia. Namun, dalam kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia banyak terjadi kewarisan yang dilaksanakan pewaris, yang dalam hal ini orang tua kepada anaknya ketika orang tua masih hidup dengan menggunakan usaha alternatif berupa hibah. Hal ini telah diberikan legalisasi dengan terumuskannya Pasal 211 KHI, yang seakanakan memberikan legalisasi terhadap praktik kewarisan dengan menabrak ortodoksi kewarisan Islam. Oleh karena itu, hal tersebut menarik untuk ditelaah lebih lanjut apa yang melatarbelakangi penyusunan dan substansi hukum pada pasal tersebut. Tulisan ini berusaha untuk memahami substansi dan menakar nilai-nilai hukum yang tersimpan pada Pasal 211 KHI dengan menggunakan pendekatan “hermeneutika hukum”.]
NUSYUZ: ANTARA KEKERASAN FISIK DAN SEKSUAL
Authors: Faizah Nur
Published: September 2024

Nushuz is a classical conception of law that has been codified as standard the rule of law in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). Some Muslims consider the explanation of the scholars about nushuz is taken for granted, mainly because it was labeled “religion” that is considered sacred and there is no room for change especially criticized. KHI is certainly not free from power, value s, and interests, in particular, of its the patriarchal apparatus of constituent, so women tend to be faced with a wall of injustice, subordination, masculine superiority and imbalance. This is reflected in provisions of nushuz in KHI that apply to the wife only and does not apply to husbands. Terms of nushuz in KHI also justify domestic violence, especially in the case of forced sexual intercourse by a husband against his wife. This article explains that in fact issue of nushuz is for husband and wife. However, the plains of empirical, KHI in explaining provisions of of nushuz apply to the wife only. This is where KHI has been marginalized and dehumanization of women.[Nusyu>z merupakan konsepsi hukum klasik yang telah terkodifikasikan sebagai aturan hukum baku dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI). Sebagian umat Islam memandang penjelasan para ulama tentang nusyu>z merupakan hal yang terberi (taken for granted), terutama karena sudah diberi label “ajaran agama” sehingga dipandang sakral dan tidak ada ruang untuk mengkritisinya apalagi mengubahnya. KHI tentu tidak bebas dari kuasa, nilai, dan kepentingan, terutama, dari apparatus pembentuknya yang patriarkis, sehingga perempuan cenderung dihadapkan dengan tembok ketidakadilan, subordinasi, superioritas maskulin, dan ketidakseimbangan (dis-equilibrum). Hal itu tercermin dariketentuan nusyu>z dalam KHI yang hanya diberlakukan terhadap isteri saja dan tidak berlaku bagi suami. Ketentuan nusyu>z dalam KHI juga membenarkan tindakan KDRT, terutama dalam hal pemaksaan hubungan seksual oleh suami terhadap isterinya. Artikel ini memberikan penjelasan bahwa sebenarnya persoalan nusyu>z adalah bagi isteri dan suami. Namun pada dataran empirik, KHI dalam menjelaskan ketentuan nusyu>z hanya berlaku untuk isteri saja. Di sinilah KHI telah memarginalkan dan mendehumanisasi perempuan.]
PANDANGAN TOKOH-TOKOH NAHDLATUL ULAMA (NU) DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA TERHADAP PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI (MK) NO. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 TENTANG STATUS ANAK DI LUAR NIKAH
Authors: Abdillah Kudrat
Published: September 2024

Status of children in the family will determine the rights and obligations of the parents. Status of children in Islamic law called lineage, and legal validity depends on the relationship between father and mother. Constitutional Court on February 17, 2012, issued Decision No.. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 about the status of a child out of wedlock that states a child out of wedlock have a civil relationship with the biological father to prove it using science and technology. The decision generated much debate, so that authors see interesting things if this phenomenon is discussed with a view of figures of Islamic society organizations, the Nahdlatul Ulama in Yogyakarta Special Region.[Status anak dalam keluarga sangat menentukan hak dan kewajiban dari orang tuanya. Dalam hukum Islam status anak disebut nasab, dan sah tidaknya bergantung pada sah tidaknya hubungan antara bapak dan ibunya. Mahkamah Konstitusi pada tanggal 17 Februari 2012, mengeluarkan Putusan No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 tentang status anak di luar nikah yang menyatakan anak di luar nikah mempunyai hubungan perdata dengan bapak biologisnya dengan membuktikannya menggunakan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Putusan tersebut menimbulkan banyak perdebatan, sehingga penyusun melihat ada hal yang menarik jika fenomena ini dibahas dengan pandangan tokoh-tokoh organisasi masyarakat Islam, yaitu Nahdlatul Ulama di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta.]
HAK-HAK PEREMPUAN PASCA PERCERAIAN: Nafkah Iddah Talak dalam Hukum Keluarga Muslim Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Yordania
Authors: Hammad Muchammad
Published: September 2024

Regulations regarding divorce idda living in Muslim Family Law (Indonesia, Malaysia and Jordan) in general there is no difference with that found in conventional jurisprudence. Income levels that can be changed according to price inflation not contained in conventional jurisprudence, were living in Muslim Family Laws can be changed. Regulations regarding the divorce waiting period contained living in Muslim Family Law Malaysia and Jordan still better guarantee the rights of women post-divorce compared with existing regulations in Indonesia. [Peraturan mengenai nafkah iddah talak pada Hukum Keluarga Muslim (Indonesia, Malaysia dan Yordania) secara umum tidak ada perbedaan dengan yang terdapat pada fikih konvensional. Kadar nafkah yang dapat berubah sesuai inflasi harga tidak terdapat dalam fiqih konvensional, sedang dalam Hukum Keluarga Muslim nafkah tersebut dapat berubah. Peraturan mengenai nafkah iddah talak yang terdapat dalam UU Keluarga Muslim Malaysia dan Yordania masih lebih menjamin hakhak perempuan pasca perceraian dibandingkan dengan peraturan yang ada di Indonesia.]
IMPLIKASI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 46/ PUU-VII/2010 TERHADAP HUKUM PERKAWINAN INDONESIA
Authors: Basuki Udiyo
Published: September 2024

The Constitutional Court has passed a decision in the case of petition reviewing Act No.1 of 1974 on Marriage to The 1945 Constitution. Decision is in principle to measure the constitutionality of the provisions of the Mariege Act governing registration of marriages according to the laws and regulations governing children born outside of the marriage. Through juridical analysis, this paper examines the implications of Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VII/2010 against marriage law in Indonesia.[Mahkamah Konstitusi telah menjatuhkan putusan dalam perkara permohonan Pengujian Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Pada prinsipnya putusan mengukur konstitusionalitas ketentuan UU Perkawinan yang mengatur pencatatan perkawinan menurut peraturan perundang-undangan dan ketentuan yang mengatur anak yang lahir di luar perkawinan. Melalui analisis yuridis, tulisan ini mengkaji implikasi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46/PUU-VII/2010 terhadap hukum perkawinan di Indonesia.]
BISAKAH LEMBAGA HUKUM ADAT MEMINIMALISIR PERNIKAHAN SIRRI?
Authors: Mujib M. Misbahul
Published: September 2024

Sirri marriage actually has negative implications on the society. Logically a causation of Sirri marriage is caused by customary law. Unwritten character of customary law which causes all decisions or products, including marriage is not well written. This paper aims to know how the customary law minimize sirri marriage, can the customary law do it. It is realistic of course if then customary law institutions minimize Sirri marriage because one of reasons for the growth of Sirri marriage is customary law. Making customary law institutions as part of the national legal institutions can be used as an alternative to minimize Sirri marriage. The relationship between customary law with national law should be developed in the direction of strengthening the institutions of customary law as part of the national legal institutions. The defining of sirri marriage should be extended to have proof of marriage. Powers noted wedding events should also be extended to customary law institutions not only KUA or civil records only, or at least braided communication between KUA, the civil institutions and customary lawinstitution.[Pernikahan sirri secara nyata mempunyai implikasi negatif di dalam masyarakat. Secara logis perkembangan nikah sirri salah satunya disebabkan oleh hukum adat. Karakter hukum adat yang tidak tertulis menyebabkan semua putusan ataupun produk hukum adat termasuk pernikahan juga tidak tertulis. Tulisan ini bertujuan bagaimana menjadikan hukum adat dapat meminimalisirpernikahan sirri. Adalah realistis tentunya kalau kemudian upaya meminimalisir pernikahan sirri bisa melalui lembaga hukum adat, karena salah satu sebab tumbuhnya pernikahan sirri adalah hukum adat. Menjadikan lembaga hukum adat sebagai bagian dari lembaga hukum nasional bisa dijadikan alternatif untuk meminimalisir pernikahan sirri. Hubungan antara hukum adat dengan hukum nasional harus dikembangkan ke arah penguatan lembaga hukum adat sebagai bagian dari lembaga hukum nasional. Pemaknaaan nikah sirri harus diperluas menjadi nikah yang mempunyai bukti. Wewenang mencatat peristiwa pernikahan harus juga diperluas kepada lembaga hukum adat bukan hanya KUAatau catatan sipil semata, atau setidaknya dijalin komunikasi antara KUA, catatan sipil dengan lembaga hukum adat].
De la tarea común al diálogo doctrinal. Temas teológicos de la 11.ª Asamblea del Consejo Mundial de las Iglesias
Authors: Blanco-Sarto Pablo
Published: September 2024

La asamblea del CMI celebrada en Karlsruhe en septiembre de 2022 partía de algunos temas urgentes —como la guerra y la crisis climática—, pero también abordó una serie de cuestiones teológicas de fondo, como son el discernimiento moral y el modelo eclesiológico. Las conversaciones y los textos allí emanados constituyen una buena radiografía de la situación ecuménica actual, en la que el consenso en los temas doctrinales constituye una garantía para la comunión en la fe. En ellos se detecta la pervivencia de las dos almas fundacionales del CMI, Work and Life y Faith and Order. De manera que, tras los oportunos debates y discusiones, también sobre temas sociales y ambientales, se ha llegado a la conclusión de la necesidad de un diálogo teológico en torno a los debatidos asuntos de la creación, la paz y la ética, así como la eclesiología y la hermenéutica bíblica.
THE 1953 AMNESTY IN CHELYABINSK REGION: IMPLEMENTATION AND FIGHT WITH CONSEQUENCES
Authors:   Military Educational and Scientific Center of Air Force Academy, Chelyabinsk branch, Russian Federation, Kalmykov V. V. , Kovin V. N. ,   Military Educational and Scientific Center of Air Force Academy, Chelyabinsk branch, Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

The article focuses on the history of power struggle among several political groups after J. Stalin’s death. The unfolding struggle raised the urgent issue of restoring legality and weakening the repressive apparatus, including the reorganization of the Gulag system. The first practical step in this direction was the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR «On amnesty» dated March 27, 1953. Since then party and Soviet authorities throughout Russia started its implementation. The leadership of the Chelyabinsk region also joined these activities. Party and Soviet authorities worked closely with the law enforcement agencies of the region. The article examines the implementation of the Decree «On Amnesty» dated March 27, 1953 in the Chelyabinsk region and the problems arising in this regard. The documentary base of the research includes the published Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR, as well as the Party Fund materials of the United State Archive of the Chelyabinsk region. Some of the documents are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time.
DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES IN THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM REGION OF RUSSIA DURING THE FAMINE OF 1932–1933: HISTORIOGRAPHY ANALYSIS
Authors:   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Nazarenko N. N. , Korshunova N. V. ,   South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, Bashkin A. V. ,   Project «Historical materials», Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

The paper presents the results of a historiographical analysis of the demographic processes in the Central Chernozem region of the Soviet Union during the famine of 1932–1933. This subject was chosen because the demographic processes that took place in this territory at that time are of particular interest, since it was one of the principal grain-producing regions of Russia, which in modern Russian historiography are considered one of the most strongly affected by the famine. Scientific study of this topic began in the post-Soviet period, as this topic was taboo for many years. The problems of demography and famine of the 1930s in the Central Chernozem region have been considered both in Russian and regional fact-based studies by Russian researchers. Papers by foreign researchers – primarily American, Ukrainian and Ukrainian-American – are also considered. We found that different methods were used to calculate the number of people who were starved or died of hunger, birth rate, and mortality, but they primarily used tentative prognoses data and summary reports, the results of which do not always coincide and raise questions. The papers of Ukrainian historians are quite difficult to analyze, as they are abound in value judgments that do not conform to scientific ethics, or they use somewhat incorrect demographic models. It has been ascertained that the demography of the famine of 1932–1933 in the Central Chernozem region is examined through initial approximation and only at the level of large administrative territorial units; the geography of the famine has discrepancies and has not yet been fully clarified. Urban and rural birth rate, mortality, and natural population increase have not been considered in detail, while the ethnic component of the famine of the Russian Central Chernozem region is extremely politicized and also not yet fully clarified.
UNDER THE MICROSCOPE OF PROLETARIAN SCIENCE: FROM THE HISTORY OF THE FIGHT AGAINST EPIDEMICS IN THE 1920S
Authors:   Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russian Federation, Ostrovskaya I. V.
Published: September 2024

The article traces the history of the creation and formation of the sanitary and bacteriological service in Sevastopol since the 1880s and up to 1931. This results from the need to update the experience of previous years in the conditions of the increasing threshold of epidemic diseases in modern society. The author identifies and reveals the areas of work of the first Soviet scientific institution in Crimea in the field of bacteriology and infection control in the first half of the 1920s. During the identification, research and analysis of documents of the State Archive of the Republic of Crimea and the State Archive of Sevastopol, the material and technical base was established, the personnel of the scientific and medical institution were identified. The study also focuses on the active interaction with the military medical service of the Black Sea Fleet and the Institute of Physical Methods of Treatment named after Prof. Sechenov, the country’s leading healthcare institution in the field of balneology. For the first time in the course of research work, biographical data of the first leaders, leading personnel of the Sevastopol Sanitary and Bacteriological Institute, as well as the chronological framework of the work of this institution in the city were established. The contribution of Sevastopol infectious diseases doctors, bacteriologists to the prevention of epidemics, the fight against various infections, typhus, tuberculosis, rabies, malaria during a difficult period of the history of the city and the country was also established.
CREATIVE PURSUITS IN THE SCULPTURES OF LEV GOLOVNITSKIY
Authors:   D. Khvorostovskiy Siberian State Academy of Arts, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation, Tsarinniy I. V.
Published: September 2024

The article analyzes the formal stylistic characteristics of the easel works of the National Artist of the Russian Federation, academic, Lev Nikolavich Golovnitskiy (1929–1994). Our study allowed us to identify the variations in the sculptor’s compositional genius reflected in the easel art genre. This field was not subject to political and ideological biases, allowing artists to experiment with form and sculpture. We noted a constant cycle of themes characteristic of Golovnitskiy: vast human and civilian themes, heroic deeds and events of the time. We analyzed easel works stored in Russian museum collections. Photographs of Golovnitskiy’s unpreserved easel works are introduced into the literature for the first time. These rare images confirm the breadth of the sculptor’s knowledge in creating forms and are close, stylistically, to the modernist pursuits. Complex methods of analysis allowed us to determine that Golovnitskiy actively used graphic techniques and methods of styling, generalization, and intercompositional rhythmic constructions. The article stresses the importance of studying the artist’s sketches alongside his sculptures, as many graphic and rhythmic findings are reflected in the plastic medium. Specialattention is paid L.N. Golovnitsky’s work as a mentor, having trained well-known Buryat sculptor, B.D. Namdakov, using his own unique approaches to compositions.
«I DID NOT KNOW AND DO NOT KNOW THIS PERSON»: N. G. GARIN-MIKHAILOVSKY AND R. E. ZIMMERMAN
Authors:   Samara University named after Academician S. P. Korolev, Samara, Russian Federation, Perepelkin M. A. , Pelevina O. V. ,   Samara University named after Academician S. P. Korolev, Samara, Russian Federation
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the evolution of the views of the writer N. G. Garin-Mikhailovsky on the issues raised in his essays «Several Years in the Countryside» and «In the Bustle of Provincial Life». Among these are questions about the future of agricultural owners and their property; about the relationship between different participants of agricultural production; and, ultimately, about truth and happiness, the way to which the writer was looking for, both on his own and with the help of his contemporaries. The most noticeable influence on N. G. GarinMikhailovsky, according to the authors of the article, was exerted by R. E. Zimmerman, whose book Kulak-usury, Its Socio-Economic Significance was published «at the expense of Garin». The article discusses the main provisions of this book, and also draws conclusions about how exactly the artistic position of N. G. Garin-Mikhailovsky was corrected under the influence of the socio-economic theory of R. E. Zimmerman.
Identification of sodicity-tolerant banana varieties to harness the salt-affected ecosystem
Authors: A Nithya Devi  , K Kumanan  , K Indhumathi  , S Sheeba Joyce Roseleen  , J. Auxcilia
Published: September 2024

"Salt Affected Soils" (SAS) refers to a category of soils that contain either an excess of soluble salts or exchangeable sodium. Soils are divided into four categories: normal, saline, sodic, and saline-sodic, based on the electrical conductivity (EC), pH and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) measurements. At the Horticultural College and Research Institute for Women in Trichy, fifteen genotypes of bananas were assessed for growth, yield, and physiological parameters in a saline-sodic environment. Four replications of the field experiment were set up in RBD and evaluated for three years. The growth physiological and biochemical characters were recorded in the seventh month after planting (MAP), and the bunch characters were recorded at harvest time. FHIA 1 (83.4%), Saba (81.0%) and Karpooravalli (78.0%) had the highest relative water content. The highest yield was recorded in FHIA-1 (23.5 kg), Saba (22.2 kg), Udhayam (22.5 kg) and Karpooravalli (22.0 kg). The sodicity injury symptoms in the leaves were evaluated using a scoring technique, and the genotypes FHIA-1(1.0) Saba recorded the lowest score for sodicity damage. A significant negative correlation was observed between salt injury degree and leaf K+/Na+. So, the varieties that maintain higher K+/Na+ ratio in leaf and root are salt tolerant. The general ranking of the banana varieties for salt tolerance was FHIA 1 > Saba > Karpooravalli > Bangrier > Ash Monthan > Veneetu Mannan > Udhayam. A comparative field trial for the 15 banana types showed that Saba, FHIA-1 and Karpooravalli could withstand sodic conditions in the field in terms of bunch characteristics, biochemical parameters, and plant growth. Grand Naine, Rasthali and CO 1 were vulnerable to sodicity stress. Regardless of cultivar, sodicity stress increased the days needed for shooting and harvest.
Edukacja młodzieży z perspektywy idei CSR
Authors: Wolska Grażyna
Published: September 2024

Progress in all areas of socio-economic activity depends on the level of education. In contemporary literature, “education” is interpreted in various ways. Many theories, concepts and education systems are proposed. Issues related to education and its key role in promoting the idea of corporate social responsibility are also discussed. The aim of the study is to prove that the currently adopted education system requires modernization towards a dialogic method of teaching applied ethics and CSR.
Mild dehydration does not alter acute changes in sweat electrolyte concentrations during exercise
Authors: Baker Lindsay B. , Ozga Michal , Merritt James R. , Alfred Shelby , De Chavez Peter John D. , Hinkley J. Matthew
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hydration status on the change in sweat sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl−), and potassium (K+) concentrations during exercise‐heat stress. Fifteen subjects (Six female, nine male; 29 ± 9 y; 71 ± 14 kg) completed 90 min of cycling (81% HRmax) in the heat (~33°C, 42% rh) with fluid replacement to maintain euhydration (EUH) or without fluid to dehydrate to 2.4 ± 0.4% body mass loss (DEH). Sweat was collected from the forehead (FH), right scapula (SCAP), and left (LVFA) and right (RVFA) ventral forearms using the absorbent pad technique at the beginning (0–30 min) and end of exercise (60–90 min). Sweat was analyzed for Na+, Cl−, and K+ concentrations using ion chromatography. Data are reported as mean ± SD or median ± IQR. There were no differences (Paired t‐tests or Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests) between EUH and DEH in the change in sweat Na+ (FH: 24.3 ± 21.5 vs. 30.8 ± 22.4 mmol/L; SCAP: 9.7 ± 6.2 vs. 9.6 ± 8.2 mmol/L; LVFA: 7.5 ± 6.0 vs. 5.6 ± 5.9 mmol/L; RVFA: 8.2 ± 8.6 vs. 7.8 ± 5.2 mmol/L), sweat Cl−, or sweat K+ at any site (p = 0.07–0.99). The change in sweat electrolyte concentrations during 90 min of exercise in the heat was not significantly influenced by mild dehydration in recreational to moderately‐trained male and female athletes.
A view on Liouville theorems in PDEs
Authors: Mitidieri Enzo
Published: September 2024

Our review of Liouville theorems includes a special focus on nonlinear partial differential equations and inequalities.
Aristotle’s Perceptual Objectivism
Authors: Arsenault Michael
Published: September 2024

Objectivism about perceptible qualities like colors and sounds is the view that perceptible qualities are ontologically and conceptually independent from perception. We ordinarily think of Aristotle as an objectivist about perceptible qualities – even the arch-objectivist. Yet this consensus has long been threatened by various thorny passages, including especially De anima III.2, 425b26–426a28, which appear to suggest that Aristotle is no objectivist, but a subjectivist. I show that recent attempts to make sense of these passages by appeal to Aristotle’s three-stage distinction between first potentiality, second potentiality/first actuality, and second actuality commit Aristotle to a subjectivism that he cannot consistently endorse. I argue for an alternative that vindicates Aristotle’s objectivism.
A Comparative Study of the L2 Pragmatic Competence of University Students in Hong Kong and the Chinese Mainland: The Contributions of Sociocultural Context and Linguistic Proficiency
Authors: Aubrey Scott , Ellis Rod
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the differences in pragmatic competence between Hong Kong and Chinese mainland university students. Participants included 19 native speakers of English, 115 Chinese mainland students, divided into those who had spent time abroad in an English-speaking country (CM A) and those who had not (CM NA), and 97 Hong Kong students, divided into those from an English-medium secondary school (Hong Kong EMI) and those from a Chinese-medium school (Hong Kong CMI). Linguistic proficiency was measured by a C-test, and pragmatic competence by a Metapragmatic Knowledge Test, an Irony Test and a Monologic Role Play. Group scores were compared using ANCOVAs to control for differences in proficiency. The results point to a continuum of pragmatic competence—EMI > CMI > CM A > CM NA—reflecting the groups’ access to English in real-life contexts. The differences between the Hong Kong groups and the Chinese mainland groups were clearest in those tests measuring processing capacity (i. e., Irony Response Time and the Monologic Role Play). CM A, but not CM NA, performed as well as the Hong Kong groups on measures of metapragmatic awareness. The results are discussed in terms of Bialystok’s (1993) distinction between analyzed representation and control of processing.
Analyzing the impact of transfer learning on explanation accuracy in deep learning-based ECG recognition systems
Authors: Khorsheed May Sadiq , Karim AbdulAmir Abdullah
Published: September 2024

Electrocardiogram (ECG) recognition systems now play a leading role in the early detection of cardiovascular diseases. However, the explanation of judgments made by deep learning models in these systems is prominent for clinical acceptance. This article reveals the effect of transfer learning in ECG recognition systems on decision precision. This article investigated the role of transfer learning in ECG image classification using a customized convolutional neural network (CNN) with and without a VGG16 architecture. The customized CNN model with the VGG16 achieved a good test accuracy of 98.40%. Gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM), for this model, gave the wrong information because it focused on parts of the ECG that were not important for making decisions instead of features necessary for clinical diagnosis, like the P wave, QRS complex, and T wave. A proposed model that only used customized CNN layers and did not use transfer learning performed 99.08% on tests gave correct Grad-CAM explanations and correctly identified the influencing areas of decision-making in the ECG image. Because of these results, it seems that transfer learning might provide good performance metrics, but it might also make things harder to understand, which could make it harder for deep learning models that use ECG recognition to be reliable for diagnosis. This article concludes with a call for careful consideration when using transfer learning in the medical field, as model explanations resulting from such learning may not be appropriate when it comes to domain-specific interpretations.
Consumption of energy drinks among medical university students in Kazakhstan
Authors: Mussabekova Zhanna , Tukinova Assel
Published: September 2024

Objectives

Due to lack of information and deceptive advertising, young people widely consume energy drinks, although they should be careful because of their contents. Energy drinks contain high amounts of caffeine, sugar, and other additives that can stimulate the body. They can cause irritability, anxiety, insomnia and can increase heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate. Aim of this research was to study consumption of energy drinks among medical university students in Kazakhstan.

Methods

Cross-sectional study was conducted. A web-based questionnaire was used to collect information. Students enrolled in various courses at the medical university, including interns and residents, were invited to participate. A total of 764 respondents took part in the survey.

Results

Among the trainees, 41.4 % had consumed caffeinated energy drinks in the past six months, and at the time of the survey, 16.2 % of the respondents had consumed these drinks. Respondents who do not drink alcohol are 3 times (p<0.001) more likely not to use energy drinks compared to those who drink alcohol. Those who do not exercise are 4.7 times (p<0.001) more likely not to consume energy drinks compared to active athletes. Participants who had not consumed caffeinated energy drinks in the past six months were 1.8 times (p<0.001) more likely not to consume energy drinks compared to those who drank them.

Conclusions

Consumption of energy drinks by students can temporarily increase physical and mental performance, improve mood and raise energy levels, while at the same time, they also come with serious health risks. Therefore, educating students about the potential risks and the importance of a healthy lifestyle is essential.
The IZA/Fable Swipe Consumption Index
Authors: Askitas Nikos , Martinez Anoop Bindra , Cereda Fabio Saia
Published: September 2024

This paper introduces a novel monthly consumption indicator: the IZA/Fable Swipe consumption index for Germany. It is based on credit card transactions data collected and anonymised by Fable Data from 2017 onwards. We study some of the properties of the data and use a so-called “one year look back rolling panel” method to construct a monthly consumption indicator expressed as a year on year percentage change. The data provisioning is fast and data is updated daily so that our indicator is stable with a 3 day lag. Moreover preliminary results for a month can be delivered as early as the middle of the month by comparing months partially. Our indicator is a new experimental early indicator ideal for nowcasting purposes and forecasting of breaking trends in consumer behaviour.
Corrigendum to Centralizers of subsystems of fusion systems [J.~Group Theory 18 (2015), 393--405]
Authors: Semeraro Jason
Published: September 2024

We fill in a gap in the proof of Theorem A in our earlier paper [J. Semeraro, Centralizers of subsystems of fusion systems, J. Group Theory
18 (2015), 3, 393–405].
Pottery from Motion – A Refined Approach to the Large-Scale Documentation of Pottery Using Structure from Motion
Authors: Rummel Michael
Published: September 2024

In recent years, interest in the usage of computer-based methods in archaeology, especially regarding field documentation, has grown significantly. In 2021, Göttlich et al. presented a new large-scale three-dimensional (3D) capture method for the documentation of pottery using structure from motion. This method, however, was only tested on a very small sample set and never truly conducted in a large-scale documentation surrounding. Consequently, we decided to test this workflow on a large-scale basis during three field campaigns (March 2022, November 2022, and March 2023) in Lebanon, documenting more than 4,000 sherds in total. In this article, I will present the results and observations of these campaigns, critically discuss the workflow involved (documentation and processing), and propose a refined workflow for this methodology. This article focuses solely on the relevant documentation and 3D processing.
Environmental stewardship for gold mining in tropical regions
Authors: Isahak A , Surif S , Sahani M , Gill A , Phang J
Published: September 2024

Mining has gained strong popularity in recent years due to the increase in global demand for metals and other industrial raw material derived from the ground. However, information and good governance regarding activities related to mining is still very much lacking especially in underdeveloped and developing countries in the tropics. In Malaysia, the importance of environmental stewardship in mining is a new phenomenon. The new National Mineral Policy 2 calls for compliance with existing standards and guidelines, stresses on progressive and post mining rehabilitation as well as promotes the gathering and dissemination of information, best mining practices, public disclosure and corporate social responsibility. Our preliminary studies however have shown that its implementation may have been hampered by inadequate legal and administrative structures, lack of freedom of information, physical inaccessibility, lack of information and public participation. In this presentation, the above issues and measures to reduce the impact of mining, particularly that of gold on the environment with a special focus on Malaysia is discussed. These measures include alternative gold extraction methods, appropriate tailing dam construction and management, health risk assessment and risk management, compliance with the Cyanide Code and liberalization of access to information, facilitation of access to justice, the strengthening of legal and administrative structures as well as corporate accountability to the public as part of corporate social responsibility.
Engineering of Soil Biological Quality from Nickel Mining Stockpile Using Two Earthworm Ecological Groups
Authors: Kilowasid L M H , Herlina H , Syaf H , Safuan L , Tufaila M , Leomo S , Widiawan B
Published: September 2024

Earthworms have the ability in modifying soil biological quality for plant growth. Their ability is mostly depending on its ecological groups. The objectives of the research were to study the influence of two ecological groups of earthworms on soil microbial activity and soil micro-fauna abundance, and to know the potential of soil modified by earthworms as plant growth medium. Eight combination of individual earthworm from epigeic and endogeic groups was applied into pot Â that was filled by soil from two years ofÂ  nickel stockpile and each treatment was repeated by five times. The experiment was following complete randomize design procedure. After sixteen days of research, the soil sample from each pot was analyzed for soil FDA activity, number of flagellate and nematodes. Furthermore, one kg of the soil from each pot was taken and every pot was grown by Paraserianthes falcataria seedling with the age of five days and continued its growth for two months. The results indicated that the soil FDA activity, number of flagellate and nematodes among treatments were significantly differences. In addition, it indicated the significant differences in dry weight of shoot, root, total plant, and root to shoot ratio of P. falcataria seedlings. It concluded that the combination of an individual number of epigeic and endogeic earthworms improved soil biological quality of stock pile, amd Â most suitable for seedlings growth in nickel mining area.
Estimation of soil erosion for a sustainable land use planning: RUSLE model validation by remote sensing data utilization in the Kalikonto watershed
Authors: Andriyanto C , Sudarto S , Suprayogo D
Published: September 2024

Technology of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) are increasingly used for planning and natural resources management. GIS and RS is based on pixels is used as a tool of spatial modeling for predicting the erosion. One of the methods developed for predicting the erosion is a Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). RUSLE is the method used for predicting the erosion associated with runoff gained from five parameters, namely: rain erosivity (R), soil erodibility (K), length of slopes (L), slope (S), and land management (CP). The main constraint encountered in the process of operating the GIS is the calculation of the slope length factor (L).This study was designed to create a plan of sustainable land use and low erosion through the RULSE erosion modeling by utilizing the remote sensing data. With this approach, this study was Â divided into three activities, namely (1) the preparation and analysis of spatial data for the determination of the parameters and estimating the erosion by using RUSLE models, (2) the validation and calibration of the model of RUSLE by measuring soil erosion at the scale of plots on the field, and Â (3) Creating a plan of sustainable land use and low erosion with RUSLE. The validation erosion shows the value of R2 = 0.56 and r = 0.74. Results of this study showed that the RUSLE model could be used in the Kalikonto watershed. The erosions at the value of the actual estimation, spatial Plan (RTRW) and land capability class in the Kalikonto watershed were Â 72t / ha / year, 62 t / ha / year and 58 t / ha / year, respectively
Analyse de cohesion et cohérent dans la discours de paroles de chanson de Louane Emera dans l’album "Joie de Vivre"
Authors: Iswanto Haifa Firyal , Arsyana Marliza , Santoso B. Wahyudi Joko , Pudjitriherwanti Anastasia
Published: September 2024

La proximite et l'harmonie seront plus possibles si elles sont vues en utilisant la cohésion et la cohérence, car la cohésion est une relation harmonieuse entre un élément et un autre. En outre, la cohérence est le chaînon du sens. Dans cette étude, les chercheurs ont utilisé la cohésion et la cohérence pour examiner une collection de paroles de chansons Louane Emera dans son album Joie de vivre. Cette recherche s'appuie sur Halliday et Hasan comme référence principale, puis sur la théorie de Scott Thornbury comme référence pour la cohésion au niveau macro.L'objet de recherche utilisé par le chercheur est le discours des paroles de la chanson de Louane Emera dans l'album Joie de vivre. Dans cette étude en utilisant des méthodes de collecte de données sous la forme de la méthode voir. Dans cette étude, la technique utilisée était la technique Simak Bebas Libat Cakap (SBLC). De plus, les chercheurs ont utilisé une technique avancée, à savoir la technique de prise de notes (teknik catat). La méthode d'analyse des données utilisée dans cette étude est la méthode agih avec la technique de base BUL (technique Bagi Unsur Lansung) et la technique avancée utilisée est la techniquebaca markah, la technique ganti et la technique perluas. Les résultats de l'analyse des données montrent que dans ce collection de paroles de chansons de l'album Joie de vivre il y a des marqueurs de cohésion et de cohérence. Les marqueurs de cohésion sont les références, les points de suspension, les conjonctions, les répétitions, les synonymes, les antonymes, les hyponymes, les collocations et les équivalences. Alors que les marqueurs de cohérence sous forme de micro cohérence retrouvés dans le recueil de paroles des chansons de Louane Emera sur l'album Joie de vivre incluent des marqueurs de relations temporelles, de relations causales, de relations de sens but, de relations de sens contradictoires, de relations de sens supplémentaires, de relations de sens explicatif, relations de sens de comparaison et relation conditionnelle. Pendant ce temps, les marqueurs de macrocohérence trouvés se présentaient sous la forme d'expressions complètes de mots-clés, d'expressions différentes ayant le même sens, de synonymes de mots ou d'expressions et également de chaînes lexicales.