bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carbon and sediment fluxes inhibited in the submarine Congo Canyon by landslide-damming
Authors: Pope Ed L. , Heijnen Maarten S. , Talling Peter J. , Jacinto Ricardo Silva , Gaillot Arnaud , Baker Megan L. , Hage Sophie , Hasenhündl Martin , Heerema Catharina J. , McGhee Claire , Ruffell Sean C. , Simmons Stephen M. , Cartigny Matthieu J. B. , Clare Michael A. , Dennielou Bernard , Parsons Daniel R. , Peirce Christine , Urlaub Morelia
Published: September 2022

Landslide-dams, which are often transient, can strongly affect the geomorphology, and sediment and geochemical fluxes, within subaerial fluvial systems. The potential occurrence and impact of analogous landslide-dams in submarine canyons has, however, been difficult to determine due to a scarcity of sufficiently time-resolved observations. Here we present repeat bathymetric surveys of a major submarine canyon, the Congo Canyon, offshore West Africa, from 2005 and 2019. We show how an ~0.09 km3 canyon-flank landslide dammed the canyon, causing temporary storage of a further ~0.4 km3 of sediment, containing ~5 Mt of primarily terrestrial organic carbon. The trapped sediment was up to 150 m thick and extended >26 km up-canyon of the landslide-dam. This sediment has been transported by turbidity currents whose sediment load is trapped by the landslide-dam. Our results suggest canyon-flank collapses can be important controls on canyon morphology as they can generate or contribute to the formation of meander cut-offs, knickpoints and terraces. Flank collapses have the potential to modulate sediment and geochemical fluxes to the deep sea and may impact efficiency of major submarine canyons as transport conduits and locations of organic carbon sequestration. This has potential consequences for deep-sea ecosystems that rely on organic carbon transported through submarine canyons.
Robust cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer fibres for mechanochromic textiles
Authors: Geng Yong , Kizhakidathazhath Rijeesh , Lagerwall Jan P. F.
Published: September 2022

Mechanically responsive textiles have transformative potential in many areas from fashion to healthcare. Cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers have strong mechanochromic responses that offer attractive opportunities for such applications. Nonetheless, making liquid crystalline elastomer fibres suitable for textiles is challenging since the Plateau–Rayleigh instability tends to break up precursor solutions into droplets. Here, we report a simple approach that balances the viscoelastic properties of the precursor solution to avoid this outcome and achieve long and mechanically robust cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer filaments. These filaments have fast, progressive and reversible mechanochromic responses, from red to blue (wavelength shift of 155 nm), when stretched up to 200%. Moreover, the fibres can be sewed into garments and withstand repeated stretching and regular machine washing. This approach and resulting fibres may be useful for applications in wearable technology and other areas benefiting from autonomous strain sensing or detection of critically strong deformations.
The responses of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen to chemical nitrogen fertilizers reduction base on a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Chuanzong , Aluko Oluwaseun Olayemi , Yuan Guang , Li Jiayi , Liu Haobao
Published: September 2022

Soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and their ratio (C:N) play important roles in preserving soil fertility, and their values are closely related to fertilizer use. However, the overall trend and magnitude of changes in SOC, TN and C:N in response to chemical nitrogen fertilizers reduction remain inconclusive. Here, the meta-analysis conducted comparisons at 48 sites covering various cropping system, soil type, and climatic regions of China to investigate the responses of SOC, TN and C:N to chemical nitrogen fertilizers reduction. The results showed that chemical nitrogen fertilizers reduction decreased SOC by 2.76 ± 0.3% and TN by 4.19 ± 0.8%, and increased the C:N by 6.11 ± 0.9% across all the database. Specifically, the reduction of chemical nitrogen without adding organic nitrogen fertilizers would reduce SOC and TN by 3.83% and 11.46% respectively, while they increased SOC and TN by 4.92% and 8.33% respectively with organic fertilizers supplement, suggesting that organic fertilizers could cover the loss of SOC, TN induced by chemical nitrogen fertilizers reduction. Medium magnitude (20–30%) of chemical nitrogen fertilizers reduction enhanced SOC by 6.9%, while high magnitude (≧30%) and total (100%) of chemical nitrogen fertilizers reduction significantly decreased SOC by 3.10% and 7.26% respectively. Moreover, SOC showed a negative response to nitrogen fertilizers reduction at short-term duration (1–2 years), while the results converted under medium-long-termThis system analysis fills the gap on the effects of fertilizer reduction on soil organic carbon and nitrogen at the national scale, and provides technical foundation for the action of reducing fertilizer application while increase efficiency.
Non-invasive in vivo assessment of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 activity by 19F-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Authors: Naredo-Gonzalez Gregorio , Upreti Rita , Jansen Maurits A. , Semple Scott , Sutcliffe Oliver B. , Marshall Ian , Walker Brian R. , Andrew Ruth
Published: September 2022

11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) amplifies tissue glucocorticoid levels and is a pharmaceutical target in diabetes and cognitive decline. Clinical translation of inhibitors is hampered by lack of in vivo pharmacodynamic biomarkers. Our goal was to monitor substrates and products of 11β-HSD1 non-invasively in liver via 19Fluorine magnetic resonance spectroscopy (19F-MRS). Interconversion of mono/poly-fluorinated substrate/product pairs was studied in Wistar rats (male, n = 6) and healthy men (n = 3) using 7T and 3T MRI scanners, respectively. Here we show that the in vitro limit of detection, as absolute fluorine content, was 0.625 μmole in blood. Mono-fluorinated steroids, dexamethasone and 11-dehydrodexamethasone, were detected in phantoms but not in vivo in human liver following oral dosing. A non-steroidal polyfluorinated tracer, 2-(phenylsulfonyl)-1-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanone and its metabolic product were detected in vivo in rat liver after oral administration of the keto-substrate, reading out reductase activity. Administration of a selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitor in vivo in rats altered total liver 19F-MRS signal. We conclude that there is insufficient sensitivity to measure mono-fluorinated tracers in vivo in man with current dosage regimens and clinical scanners. However, since reductase activity was observed in rats using poly-fluorinated tracers, this concept could be pursued for translation to man with further development.
Artificial intelligence-informed planning for the rapid response of hazard-impacted road networks
Authors: Sun Li , Shawe-Taylor John , D’Ayala Dina
Published: September 2022

Post-hazard rapid response has emerged as a promising pathway towards resilient critical infrastructure systems (CISs). Nevertheless, it is challenging to scheme the optimal plan for those rapid responses, given the enormous search space and the hardship of assessment on the spatiotemporal status ofCISs. We now present a new approach to post-shock rapid responses of road networks (RNs), based upon lookahead searches supported by machine learning. Following this approach, we examined the resilience-oriented rapid response of a real-worldRNacrossLuchon,France, under destructive earthquake scenarios. Our results show that the introduction of one-step lookahead searches can effectively offset the lack of adaptivity due to the deficient heuristic of rapid responses. Furthermore, the performance of rapid responses following such a strategy is far surpassed, when a series of deep neural networks trained based solely on machine learning, without human interventions, are employed to replace the heuristic and guide the searches.
A functional neuroimaging study of self-other processing alterations in atypical developmental trajectories of psychotic-like experiences
Authors: Assaf Roxane , Ouellet Julien , Bourque Josiane , Stip Emmanuel , Leyton Marco , Conrod Patricia , Potvin Stéphane
Published: September 2022

Self-disturbances constitute a hallmark of psychosis, but it remains unclear whether these alterations are present in at-risk populations, and therefore their role in the development of psychosis has yet to be confirmed. The present study addressed this question by measuring neural correlates of self-other processing in youth belonging to three developmental trajectories of psychotic experiences. Eighty-six youths were recruited from a longitudinal cohort of over 3800 adolescents based on their trajectories of Psychotic-Like Experiences from 12 to 16 years of age. Participants underwent neuroimaging at 17 years of age (mean). A functional neuroimaging task evaluating self- and other-related trait judgments was used to measure whole-brain activation and connectivity. Youth who showed an increasing trajectory displayed hypoactivation of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and hypoconnectivity with the cerebellum. By contrast, youth who showed a decreasing trajectory displayed decreased activation of the superior temporal gyrus, the inferior frontal gyrus, and the middle occipital gyrus. These findings suggest that the increasing trajectory is associated with alterations that might erode distinctions between self and other, influencing the emergence of symptoms such as hallucinations. The decreasing trajectory, in comparison, was associated with hypoactivations in areas influencing attention and basic information processing more generally. These alterations might affect the trajectories’ susceptibilities to positive vs. negative symptoms, respectively.
In hypertensive individuals, sleep time and sleep efficiency did not affect the number of angina episodes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alghadir Ahmad H. , Khan Masood , Alshehri Mohammed Mansour , Alqahtani Abdulfattah S. , Aldaihan Mishal
Published: September 2022

Previous studies have reported adverse effects of short and long sleep duration on cardiovascular health. However, how sleep time and sleep efficiency affect angina have not been studied in hypertensive individuals. This study aimed to assess the relationship of sleep with angina. Using a cross-sectional design, data from 1563 hypertensive individuals were collected from the parent Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS). Age, alcohol use, average diastolic blood pressure (ADBP), average systolic blood pressure (ASBP), cigarette use, sleep time, sleep efficiency, percent time in stage N3 of sleep, and body mass index (BMI) were used as covariates. Multiple linear regression, the Chi-Square test, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. Unadjusted sleep efficiency, sleep time, ADBP, and age were significant (p < 0.05) predictors of the number of angina episodes (Anginan). When the covariates were adjusted, only ADBP and ASBP were significant (p < 0.05) predictors of Anginan. Sleep efficiency, BMI, ADBP, sleep time, and age had a significant (p < 0.05) correlation with Anginan. In hypertensive individuals, sleep time and sleep efficiency did not affect Anginan when adjusted for covariates. ADBP and ASBP were found to be significant predictors of Anginan when the covariates were adjusted.
Electrospray mode discrimination with current signal using deep convolutional neural network and class activation map
Authors: Kim Man Jin , Song Jin Yeong , Hwang Seok Hyeon , Park Dong Yong , Park Sang Min
Published: September 2022

The electrospray process has been extensively applied in various fields, including energy, display, sensor, and biomedical engineering owing to its ability to generate of functional micro/nanoparticles. Although the mode of the electrospray process has a significant impact on the quality of micro/nano particles, observing and discriminating the mode of electrospray during the process has not received adequate attention. This study develops a simple automated method to discriminate the mode of the electrospray process based on the current signal using a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) and class activation map (CAM). The solution flow rate and applied voltage are selected as experimental variables, and the electrospray process is classified into three modes: dripping, pulsating, and cone-jet. The current signal through the collector is measured to detect the deposition of electrospray droplets on the collector. The 1D CNN model is trained using frequency data converted from the current data. The model exhibits excellent performance with an accuracy of 96.30%. Adoption of the CAM configuration enables the model to provide a discriminative cue for each mode and elucidate the decision-making process of the CNN model.
Spontaneous gait phase synchronization of human to a wheeled mobile robot with replicating gait-induced upper body oscillating motion
Authors: Yagi Satoshi , Nakata Yoshihiro , Nakamura Yutaka , Ishiguro Hiroshi
Published: September 2022

Synchronization between humans is often observed in our daily lives, for example in breathing, in hand clapping in crowds, and in walking. It has been reported that pedestrian gait synchronization maximizes walking flow efficiency. As increasingly more mobile robots are being developed for practical use, it is important to consider how robots may impact pedestrian flows. While there is research on synchronization phenomena between humans and robots, gait synchronization between humans and robots has yet to be studied, particularly synchronization occurring with wheeled humanoid robots while moving. In this paper, we investigated the gait phase synchronization between humans and a wheeled mobile humanoid robot, which moved its upper body in three distinct types of motion patterns: (1) no-motion, (2) arm-swinging (as is common for typical mobile humanoids), and (3) arms-swinging in addition to periodic vertical-oscillation similar to the human upper body movement while walking. Rayleigh test was performed on the distribution of the obtained gait phase differences under each condition and a significant distributional bias was confirmed when participants were walking with the robot that performed both arm-swinging and vertical-oscillation of the upper body. These results suggest that humans can spontaneously synchronize their gaits with wheeled robots that utilize upper body oscillating. These findings can be important for the design of robot-integrated urban transportation systems, such as train stations and airports, where both humans and robots are mobile and a highly efficient flow is required.
Strictly conformal transformation optics for directivity enhancement and unidirectional cloaking of a cylindrical wire antenna
Authors: Eskandari Hossein
Published: September 2022

Using conformal transformation optics, a cylindrical shell made of an isotropic refractive index material is designed to improve the directivity of a wire antenna while making it unidirectionally invisible. If the incident wave comes from a specific direction, it is guided around the wire. Furthermore, when an electrical current is used to excite the wire, the dielectric shell transforms the radiated wave into two lateral beams, improving directivity. The refractive index of the dielectric shell is calculated using the transformation optics recipe after establishing a closed-form conformal mapping between an annulus and a circle with a slit. The refractive index is then modified and discretized using a hexagonal lattice. Ray-tracing and full-wave simulations with COMSOL Multiphysics are used to validate the functionality of the proposed shell.
BMP2 promotes lung adenocarcinoma metastasis through BMP receptor 2-mediated SMAD1/5 activation
Authors: Wu Cheng-Kuei , Wei Man-Ting , Wu Hung-Chang , Wu Cheng-Lin , Wu Cheng-Ju , Liaw Hungjiun , Su Wen-Pin
Published: September 2022

Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) is highly overexpressed in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and correlates with tumor stage and metastatic burden. Although several lines of evidence suggest that BMP2 promotes cell migration and invasiveness in vitro, the in vivo role of BMP2 in the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells remains less well understood. Here, we revealed that BMP2 is highly overexpressed in lung adenocarcinoma patients with lymph node metastasis compared with patients without lymph node metastasis. Using an in vivo orthotopic mouse model, we clearly demonstrated that BMP2 promotes lung adenocarcinoma metastasis. The depletion of BMP2 or its receptor BMPR2 significantly reduced cell migration and invasiveness. We further identified that BMP2/BMPR2-mediated cell migration involves the activation of the SMAD1/5/8 signaling pathway, independent of the KRAS signaling pathway. Significantly, the depletion of SMAD1/5/8 or the inhibition of SMAD1/5/8 by LDN193189 inhibitor significantly reduced cell migration. These findings show that BMP2 promotes NSCLC metastasis, indicating that targeting the BMP2 signaling pathway may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for treating patients with metastatic NSCLC.
Social closeness modulates brain dynamics during trust anticipation
Authors: Jiménez Said , Mercadillo Roberto E. , Angeles-Valdez Diego , Sánchez-Sosa Juan J. , Muñoz-Delgado Jairo , Garza-Villarreal Eduardo A.
Published: September 2022

Anticipation of trust from someone with high social closeness is expected. However, if there is uncertainty in the interaction because a person is a stranger or because he has distrusted us on another occasion, we need to keep track of his behavior and intentions. Using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) we wanted to find the brain regions related to trust anticipation from partners who differ in their level of social closeness. We designed an experiment in which 30 participants played an adapted trust game with three trustors: A computer, a stranger, and a real friend. We covertly manipulated their decisions in the game, so they trusted 75% of the trials and distrusted in remaining trials. Using a psychophysiological interaction analysis, we found increases in functional coupling between the anterior insula (AIns) and intra parietal sulcus (IPS) during trust anticipation between a high versus low social closeness partner. Also, the right parietal cortex was coupled with the fusiform gyrus (FG) and the inferior/middle temporal gyrus during trust anticipation of a friend versus a stranger. These results suggest that brain regions involved in encoding the intentions of others are recruited during trust anticipation from a friend compared to a stranger.
Necroptosis-related lncRNA signature predicts prognosis and immune response for cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinomas
Authors: Lin Zhiheng , Zou Jiani , Sui Xiaohui , Yao Shujuan , Lin Lidong , Wang Jiuling , Zhao Junde
Published: September 2022

Necroptosis, a programmed form of necrotic cell death, plays critical regulatory roles in the progression and metastatic spread of cancers such as cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC). However, there are few articles systematically analyzing the necroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (NRlncRNAs) correlated with CESC patients. Both RNA-sequencing and clinical data of CESC patients are downloaded from TCGA database in this study. Pearson correlation analysis, least absolute shrinkage, operator algorithm selection and Cox regression model are employed to screen and create a risk score model of eleven-NRlncRNAs (MIR100HG, LINC00996, SNHG30, LINC02688, HCG15, TUBA3FP, MIAT, DBH-AS1, ERICH6-AS1SCAT1, LINC01702) prognostic. Thereafter, a series of tests are carried out in sequence to evaluate the model for independent prognostic value. Gene set enrichment analytic paper, Gene Ontology analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analytic paper make it clear that immune-related signaling pathways are very rich in the high-risk subgroup. Additionally, the prognostic risk score model is correlated to immune cell infiltration, potential immune checkpoint, immune function, immune micro-environmental and m6A-related gene. Mutation frequency in mutated genes and survival probability trend are higher in the low-risk subgroup in most of test cases when compared to the high-risk subgroup. This study constructs a renewed prognostic model of eleven-NRlncRNAs, which may make some contribution to accurately predicting the prognosis and the immune response from CESC patients, and improve the recognition of CESC patients and optimize customized treatment regimens to some extent.
Effect of SO2 poisoning on undoped and doped Mn-based catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of NO
Authors: Ruiz-Martínez Javier , Gevers Lieven E. , Enakonda Linga R. , Shahid Ameen , Wen Fei
Published: September 2022

In real mobile applications, deactivation of Mn-based catalysts by SO2 is severe and catalysts underperform at temperatures below 200 °C. SO2 deactivates the catalysts' redox function and regeneration is cumbersome.
Two novel zinc-based MOFs as luminescence sensors to detect phenylglyoxylic acid
Authors: Song Dongxue , Ji Xiaoxi , Li Yong , Wu Shuangyan , Zhang Ying , Wang Xiaofeng , Sun Yaguang , Gao Enjun , Zhu Mingchang
Published: September 2022

Two novel water-stable zinc-based MOFs exhibit specific recognition for PGA, and are fluorescent sensors with high sensitivity, high selectivity, good recovery and good anti-interference ability. In addition, the naked eye can identify PGA at different concentrations.
Na3YB8O15: a new rare-earth borate with an infinite one-dimensional [B8O15]∞chain and a short ultraviolet cutoff edge
Authors: Huang Jianlong , Wu Chengfa , Chen Jianbang , Guo Zhiyong , Ma Wenjuan , Yu Feng , Dai Bin
Published: September 2022

A new rare-earth metal borate Na3YB8O15with an infinite one-dimensional [B8O15]∞chain and a short UV cutoff edge was synthesized effectively from the compound Na3Y(BO3)2by introducing the BO4group.
Effect of calcium on enhanced carbon capture potential of coal fly ash zeolites. Part II: a study on the adsorption mechanisms
Authors: Boycheva Silviya , Chakarova Kristina , Mihaylov Mihail , Hadjiivanov Konstantin , Popova Margarita
Published: September 2022

The conversion of coal fly ash to zeolites is a sustainable solution for its utilization. One important issue is to clarify the effect of coal fly ash composition on the carbon sequestration potential of the derived zeolites.
Water-driven reversible switching of single-ion magnetism and proton conduction in a dysprosium sulfonate
Authors: Shao Dong , Tang Wan-Jie , Ruan Zhijun , Yang Xiaodong , Shi Le , Wei Xiao-Qin , Tian Zhengfang , Kumari Kusum , Singh Saurabh Kumar
Published: September 2022

A one-dimensional Dy(iii) sulfonate was reported to exhibit switched single-ion magnetism and proton conduction induced by water desorption/adsorption processes in a single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation manner.
Elucidating the roles of oxygen functional groups and defect density of electrochemically exfoliated GO on the kinetic parameters towards furazolidone detection
Authors: Nguyet Nga Dao Thi , Le Nhat Trang Nguyen , Hoang Van-Tuan , Ngo Xuan-Dinh , Nhung Pham Tuyet , Tri Doan Quang , Cuong Nguyen Duy , Tuan Pham Anh , Huy Tran Quang , Le Anh-Tuan
Published: September 2022

In this study, we have investigated the role of changes in the microstructure of graphene oxide (GO) on the analytical kinetic parameters of GO-based electrochemical sensors for detection of furazolidone (FZD) antibiotic drug.
High-performance pseudo-bilayer ternary organic solar cells with PC71BM as the third component
Authors: Yan Yujiao , Zhou Xuejiao , Zhang Fenghua , Zhou Jun , lin Tao , Zhu Yaohui , Xu Denghui , Ma Xiaoling , Zou Ye , Li Xiong
Published: September 2022

PM6/Y6:PC71BM pseudo-bilayer ternary OSCs were prepared. PC71BM enhances light absorption and boosts VOC, and improves the contact between the donor layer and acceptor layer, which improves photovoltaic performance and device stability significantly.
Simultaneous ambient long-term conductivity promotion, interfacial modification, ion migration inhibition and anti-deliquescence by MWCNT:NiO in spiro-OMeTAD for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Rong Yanjing , Jin Mengqi , Du Qing , Shen Zhitao , Feng Yan , Wang Mengxin , Li Fumin , Liu Rong , Li Huilin , Chen Chong
Published: September 2022

Simultaneous ambient long-term conductivity promotion, interfacial modification, ion migration inhibition and anti-deliquescence by MWCNT:NiO in spiro-OMeTAD for perovskite solar cells.
Ultrasensitive photochromic and Raman dual response to ethylenediamine gas through polyoxometalate–viologen crystalline hybrid
Authors: Zhang Xi-Zhu , Zhu Wen-Jing , Yang Zhong-Xi , Feng Yi , Fan Lin-Lin , Gao Guang-Gang , Liu Hong
Published: September 2022

A new crystalline complex is successfully synthesized based on Dawson type polyoxometalate and amino substituted viologen. It exhibits ultrasensitive photochromic and Raman dual response to ethylenediamine gas.
Polyethylenglycol – Freund oder Feind?
Authors: Bayerl Christiane , Herbst Matthias
Published: September 2022

Anaphylaktische Reaktionen nach Impfungen sind selten. Zwei Fälle von Reaktionen nach der Pfizer-BioNTech-Covid-19-Vakzine, BNT162b2, wurden aus dem UK berichtet, weitere 19 aus den USA. Als möglicher Auslöser wurde Polyethylenglycol (PEG) angeschuldigt. Pegylierung ist ein üblicher Vorgang in der Impfstoffherstellung, um die Substanzen vor schnellem immunologischem Abbau zu schützen. PEG ist ein Polyether (Synonyme z. B. Laureth-9, Polidocanol, Thesit, Macrogol) und findet sich in Kosmetika, Körperpflegeprodukten, Nahrungsmitteln, Liposomen und Nanopartikeln als Drug-Delivery-Systeme für Medikamente und als osmotisches Laxans vor Gastro-/Koloskopien. IgM-Antikörper auf PEG werden bei 70% der Bevölkerung nachgewiesen. Bei 2 Fällen von Soforttyp-Reaktionen auf PEG fanden sich IgE-Antiköper, bei anderen Medikamentengaben mit PEG geht man von pseudoallergischen Reaktionen über die Komplement-Aktivierungs-related Pseudoallergie (CARPA) aus. In Relation zum weit verbreiteten Einsatz von PEG sind die Impfreaktionen sehr selten und aktuell kein Grund, Allergiker oder Menschen mit Anaphylaxien bei entsprechenden Vorsichtsmaßnahmen auf bekannte Auslöser auszuschließen. Aufgrund der Meldepflicht (Gesundheitsamt und Arzneimittelkommission der deutschen Ärzteschaft) ist bald mit weiteren Erkenntnissen zu rechnen.
Die Anliegen aller Beteiligten einbeziehen – Fallgeschichte eines erweiterten Klienten
Authors: Winklmeier Fritz
Published: September 2022

Steht nicht nur eine Person im Mittelpunkt der Therapie, sondern ganze Klientenkonstellationen – etwa pflegende Angehörige –, gilt es auch deren Betätigungsanliegen zu berücksichtigen. Fritz Winklmeier berichtet von einer eindrücklichen Geschichte einer Klientin mit Demenz und ihres Ehemanns.
Bewegung entsteht im Gehirn – Neurozentriertes Training
Authors: Conrad Susann
Published: September 2022

Damit unser Gehirn Bewegung präzise steuern kann, ist es auf Informationen aus der Umwelt und aus dem Körper angewiesen. Für die Anbahnung physiologischer Bewegungen ist es also wichtig, die bewegungssteuernden Systeme in der Therapie zu berücksichtigen.
Nomenklatur für Nierenfunktion und Nierenkrankheiten – Durch Präzision und Verständlichkeit zu besserer Erfassung und Prognose
Authors: Eckardt Kai-Uwe , Binet Isabelle , de Groot Kirsten , Floege Jürgen , Galle Jan C. , Jordans Isabelle , Kribben Andreas , Oberbauer Rainer , Pavenstädt Hermann , Rosenkranz Alexander , Säemann Marcus , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C.
Published: September 2022

Nierenkrankheiten stellen ein zunehmendes Gesundheitsproblem dar, dessen Eindämmung eine effektive Kommunikation zwischen den an Erfassung, Diagnostik und Therapie Beteiligten sowie den betroffenen Patientinnen und Patienten erfordert. Die Nomenklatur für Nierenfunktion und Nierenkrankheiten ist jedoch bislang nicht einheitlich. Die internationale, gemeinnützige Organisation Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) hat deshalb 2019 in einem Konsensus-Prozess ein englischsprachiges Glossar entwickelt, um die Begriffe zur Beschreibung von Nierenfunktion, Nierenstruktur und Nierenkrankheiten zu vereinheitlichen. Leitprinzipien bei der Entwicklung dieser Nomenklatur waren (1) Präzision, (2) Patientenzentrierung und (3) Konsistenz mit bisherigen KDIGO-Leitlinien. Das vorliegende Positionspapier beinhaltet eine deutsche Übersetzung dieses Glossars, die im Auftrag der nephrologischen Fachgesellschaften in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz entwickelt wurde.
Evaluation of activity kinetics in breast milk and calculation of the resulting effective radiation dose after 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy of a breastfeeding women
Authors: Happel Christian , Gröner Daniel , Kranert Wolfgang Tilman , Grünwald Frank
Published: September 2022

Introduction In breastfeeding women, the indication for scintigraphic imaging is strongly restricted due to potential transition of the radiopharmaceutical to the child via breast milk. The potential activity uptake of the breastfed child depends on the chemical compound of the radio pharmaceutical as well as biokinetics and metabolism in the maternal body.

Methods In the presented case 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy was performed in a breastfeeding woman with sonographically suspicious thyroid nodules. Breastfeeding was interrupted for 30 hours and the breast milk during this period was collected and analysed to determine the excreted activity and the potentially resulting dose to the breastfed child.

Results Activity concentration in the first breast milk sample (1.83 hours after administration of 500 MBq 99mTc-MIBI) was 380 Bq/mL, resulting in an absolute activity of 50 kBq for a sample size of 132 mL. Subsequently activity concentration decreased to 6 Bq/mL (29.8 hours p.i.). The calculated effective half-life of the secretion of 99mTc-MIBI via breast milk was 4.7 hours. The potentially resulting effective dose for the breastfed child was 13.4 µSv (ICRP80: dose coefficient: 0.13 mSv/MBq for 99mTc).

Conclusion Time activity curve showed a rapid decrease of the 99mTc-MIBI activity secreted to the breast milk. More than 90 % of the total secreted activity is attributable to the first 12 hours after administration. Therefore, an interruption of breastfeeding of 24 hours seems to be adequate.
Role of the optic nerve sheath diameter in the assessment of the effectiveness of decompressive surgery after malignant middle cerebral artery infarction
Authors: Senol Ozgur , Cosgun Zeliha , Dagistan Emine , Demiryurek Bekir Enes , Cancan Seckin Emre
Published: September 2022

Background After a case of stroke, intracranial pressure (ICP) must be measured and monitored, and the gold standard method for that is through an invasive technique using an intraventricular or intraparenchymal device. However, The ICP can also be assessed through a non-invasive method, comprised of the measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) through ultrasound (US).

Objective To evaluate the ICP of patients who underwent wide decompressive craniectomy after middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction via preoperative and postoperative ONSD measurements.

Methods A total of 17 patients, aged between 34 and 70 years, diagnosed with malignant MCA infarction with radiological edema and mid-line shift, who underwent decompressive surgery, were eligible. From the records, we collected data on age, sex, preoperative and postoperative Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, the degree of disability in the preoperative period and three months postoperatively through the scores on the Modified Rankin Scale (MRS), and the preoperative and postoperative midline shift measured by computed tomography (CT) scans of the brain.

Results Preoperatively, the mean GCS score was of 8 (range: 7.7–9.2), whereas it was found to be of 12 (range 10–14) on the first postoperative day (p = 0.001). The mean preoperative NIHSS score was of 21.36 ± 2.70 and, on the first postoperative day, it was of 5.30 ± 0.75 (p < 0.001). As for the midline shift, the mean preoperative value was of 1.33 ± 0.75 cm, and, on the first postoperative day, 0.36 ± 0.40 cm (p < 0.001). And, regarding the ONSD, the mean preoperative measurement was of 5.5 ± 0.1 mm, and, on the first postoperative day, it was of 5 ± 0.9 mm (p < 0.001).

Conclusion The ocular US measurement of the ONSD for the preoperative and postoperative monitoring of the ICP seems to be a practical and useful method.
Clot Waveform Analysis for Monitoring Hemostasis
Authors: Nogami Keiji
Published: September 2022

Clot waveform analysis (CWA) is a recently developed global coagulation assessment, based on the continuous observation of changes in light transmittance, absorbance, or light scattering that occurs as fibrin formed in a plasma sample during routine clotting tests such as activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombin time (PT). CWA can utilize qualitative waveform patterns as well as sensitive quantitative parameters and can be used as a simple method to assess global hemostasis, and can be applied to various challenging clinical situations. Although not all coagulation analyzers currently in use are able to provide CWA, the number of analyzers available to do so is increasing, as the usefulness of this process has become more widely recognized. CWA can be based on the coagulation mechanism of aPTT, an intrinsic trigger, and this has been reported in many studies, including diagnosis and treatment of patients with hemophilia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and monitoring of anticoagulants and thrombosis. CWA using trace amounts of tissue factors also has the potential to expand the applications of this technology. Recently, there have been reports of the combined evaluation of fibrinolytic dynamics. Among the existing global coagulation assays, CWA may prove to be the easiest to standardize in clinical practice. However, more extensive testing using standardized methods in various clinical settings is needed to determine the true role of CWA in the evaluation of hemostasis and thrombosis in the future.
Platelet Function in Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review and a Cohort Study
Authors: Jensen Jeppe Lundholm Stadarfeld , Hviid Claus Vinter Bødker , Hvas Christine Lodberg , Christensen Steffen , Hvas Anne-Mette , Larsen Julie Brogaard
Published: September 2022

Acute kidney injury (AKI) patients have increased bleeding risk, which could be partially due to acquired platelet dysfunction. We conducted a systematic review and a cohort study to investigate platelet function and count in AKI and their association with AKI-related bleeding and mortality. Through a systematic literature search in PubMed and Embase, we identified 9 studies reporting platelet function and 56 studies reporting platelet count or platelet indices in AKI patients. Overall, platelet aggregation was reduced in AKI patients in nonintensive care unit (ICU) settings but not in ICU settings, except that reduced aggregation was associated with renal replacement therapy. Thrombocytopenia in AKI was frequent and often predictive of mortality. In our cohort study, we prospectively included 54 adult ICU patients who developed AKI within 24 hours of ICU admission and 33 non-AKI ICU controls. Platelet function was measured with light transmission aggregometry and flow cytometry. AKI patients bled more frequently than non-AKI patients (p = 0.04), and bleeding was associated with increased 30-day mortality in AKI (p = 0.02). However, platelet function was not different between AKI and non-AKI patients (aggregation: all p > 0.52; flow cytometry: all p > 0.07) and platelet function was not associated with bleeding in AKI. In conclusion, a reduced platelet count is frequent in AKI, but the literature on platelet function in AKI is sparse. In a cohort study, we demonstrated that patients with AKI within 24 hours of ICU admission exhibited increased bleeding tendency but this was not associated with reduced platelet function.
Gender, language, and representation in the United States Senate
Authors: Windsor Leah , Mitchell Sara McLaughlin , Osborn Tracy , Dietrich Bryce , Hampton Andrew J.
Published: September 2022

We explore how gendered language in Senate floor debates evolves between the 101st and 109th sessions (N=229,526 speeches). We hypothesize that female Senators speak like women in the general population, that their speeches focus on traditionally designated women’s issues, and that they use female linguistic strategies found in the general population when discussing low politics or women’s issues. We also expect women to speak like legislators, adopting more male linguistic approaches for high politics issues or in election year speeches and for female senators to use more male linguistics as time served in the Senate increases. Using a suite of computational linguistics approaches such as topic modeling (Latent Dirichlet Allocation), syntax and semantic analysis (Coh-Metrix), and sentiment analysis (LIWC), our analyses highlight the distinct roles of women speaking for women (e.g. promoting issues like education or healthcare), women speaking like women (e.g. using personal pronouns), and women speaking as Senators.
Development of a modified thermal humidity index and its application to human thermal comfort of urban vegetation patches
Authors: Zheng Xiaorou , Zhang Na , Wang Xin
Published: September 2022

Extremely hot environments can trigger serious health problems. To evaluate the effects of microclimate on thermal comfort, we proposed and validated a modified thermal humidity index (MTHI) that combined air temperature and relative humidity with land surface temperature (LST). MTHI was more sensitive to microclimate changes than the general thermal humidity index that includes only T and RH, and thus the thermal comfort could be better indicated. In an urban riparian buffer study, we estimated the temporal dynamics and spatial distribution of MTHI values for 47 vegetation patches and explored how structural characteristics of patches affect the thermal comfort. The results showed that planting could significantly reduce LST and MTHI. Vegetation patches with complex vertical structures had considerably higher thermal comfort than those with simple structures. Decreasing nearest distance to river or increasing plant abundance could reduce the thermal discomfort. There were significant differences in the structure characteristics between the patches with MTHI <70 and those with MTHI >70, implying the critical thresholds of variations in thermal comfort with patch structure. Given that people always feel uncomfortable during the daytime in July, optimizing the patch structure is essential to improve the microclimate regulation services of an urban landscape.
Supplementary comparison for the traceability in high voltage capacitance and dissipation factor measurements (EURAMET.EM-S34)
Authors: Simón P , Hällström J , Bergman A
Published: September 2022

Main text

The intercomparison consisted of calibrating the capacitance and loss factor (tan δ) of a set of reference capacitors at different voltage levels, including high voltage up to 200 kV, for frequencies between 50 Hz and 1kHz in low voltage measurements and 50 Hz in high voltage measurements.

The travelling standards consisted of a set of four reference capacitors (TRC) with fixed input and grounding leads and the corresponding connection cables of the following rated characteristics:

* System 1: 100 pF and rated voltage of 200 kV.

* System 2: 100 pF and rated voltage of 700 V.

* System 3: 500 nF and rated voltage of 10 V.

* System 4: 5000 nF and rated voltage of 10 V.

The coordinating laboratory was LCOE (Spain) and the participating institutes were LNE (France), VTT MIKES (Finland), RISE (Sweden), TÜBITAK UME (Türkiye), PTB (Germany) and LCOE (Spain). Participants used their best measurement procedures and setups in order to achieve their best calibration capabilities.

Some of the institutes did not perform all the measurements, therefore comparison reference values are based sometimes in the results of only 4 institutes.

Not all the laboratories measured at the same ambient temperature; to prevent this inconvenience and to be able to compare results, all capacitance values were corrected at 23 °C. The long drift of the high voltage capacitor of system 1, probably due to some small SF6 leakage, was also considered to calculate the CRV of each institute. Very good agreement between institutes is obtained for high voltage capacitance measurements (high voltage capacitance coefficient determination) and for low or high voltage dissipation factor measurements. Only a few low voltage measurements of capacitance are considered not compatible.

Undertaking the work collaboratively through EURAMET proved to be an excellent tool to compare calibration and measurement capabilities of NMI and DI, as well as an opportunity for several institutes to improve their CMCs.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Switchable fast-slow light in a cavity-magnon system by adding a squeezed drive field
Authors: Pei Yu-Kun , Yin Miao
Published: September 2022

We theoretically discuss the influence of a squeezed drive on the fast and slow light effect at different temperatures by focusing on two main factors: the nonlinear gain coefficient of optical parametric amplification and the phase of the pumping field. We show that the nonlinear gain coefficient and the phase of the pump field will affect the coupling strength between photon and magnon, which provides a way to achieve more obvious fast and slow light effects and good potential to realize the fast-slow light conversion. Moreover, by comparing two different temperatures, we find that the low temperature environment is more conducive to the production of fast light and slow light. With the addition of the squeezing drive field, the group delay of the system will get a larger value and the symmetry of the system will be destroyed, leading to asymmetric absorption. Our results provide more freedom for the realization and conversion of fast and slow light and is expected to find applications in optical communication and optical storage.
Magnetic phase diagram of a 2-dimensional triangular lattice antiferromagnet Na2BaMn(PO4)2
Authors: Kim Jaewook , Kim Kyoo , Choi Eunsang , Joon Ko Young , Woo Lee Dong , Ho Lim Sang , Hoon Jung Jong , Lee Seungsu
Published: September 2022

We report the magnetic phase transitions of a spin-5/2, 2-dimensional triangular lattice antiferromagnet (AFM) Na2BaMn(PO4)2. From specific heat measurements, we observe two magnetic transitions at temperatures 1.15 and 1.30 K at zero magnetic field. Detailed AC magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal multiple phases including the

↑↑↓

(up-up-down)-phase between 1.9 and 2.9 T at 47 mK when magnetic field is applied along the c axis, implying that Na2BaMn(PO4)2 is a classical 2d TL Heisenberg AFM with easy-axis anisotropy. However, it deviates from an ideal model as evidenced by a hump region with hysteresis between the

↑↑↓

and V-phases and weak phase transitions. Our work provides another experimental example to study frustrated magnetism in 2d TL AFM which also serves as a reference to understand the possible quantum spin liquid behavior and anomalous phase diagrams observed in sibling systems Na2BaM(PO4)2 (M = Co, Ni).
Precise method for accuracy and sensitivity improvement of a current mirror for very low current measurement on a dissolved oxygen biosensor
Authors: Umar Lazuardi , Setiadi Rahmondia N , Linda Tetty M , Arfianti Arfianti
Published: September 2022

Dissolved oxygen measurements using an electrochemical biosensor and conventional current mirror with accurate results and the desired sensitivity are difficult to achieve, though this type of current mirror is used frequently to processbiosensor signals, providing a good response. However, it exhibits some drawbacks particularly due to mismatched transistors, which will lead to asymmetry between input and output currents. This asymmetry causes unwanted offset and gain error, reducing its accuracy, especially at very low current. A modified current mirror utilizing precise gate voltage adjustment of FETs is applied to match the transistors’ currents. The results show accuracy improvement of the modified current mirror compared to the conventional current mirror, where the improvements provide a very low accuracy error of 0.01%. In addition, the current mirror’s sensitivity can be adjusted by implementing this modification without increasing noise significantly.
Accelerated cardiac cine MRI using spatiotemporal correlation-based hybrid plug-and-play priors (SEABUS)
Authors: Zhu Qingyong , Liu Bei , Cui Zhuo-Xu , Cheng Jing , Cao Chentao , Liu Yuanyuan , Liang Dong , Zhu Yanjie
Published: September 2022

Objective. The plug-and-play prior (P3) can be flexibly coupled with multiple iterative optimizations, which has been successfully applied to the inverse problems of medical imaging. In this work, for accelerated cardiac cine magnetic resonance imaging (CC-MRI), the Spatiotemporal corrElAtion-based hyBrid plUg-and-play priorS (SEABUS) integrating a local P3 and a nonlocal P3 are introduced. Approach. Specifically, the local P3 enforces pixelwise edge-orientation consistency by conducting reference frame guided multiscale orientation projection on a subset containing a few adjacent frames; the nonlocal P3 constrains the cubewise anatomic-structure similarity by performing cube matching and 4D filtering (CM4D) on all frames. By using effectively a composite splitting algorithm (CSA), SEABUS is incorporated into a fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm and a new accelerated CC-MRI approach named SEABUS-FCSA is proposed. Main results. The experiment and algorithm analysis demonstrate the efficiency and potential of the proposed SEABUS-FCSA approach, which has the best performance in terms of reducing aliasing artifacts and capturing dynamic features in comparison with several state-of-the-art accelerated CC-MRI technologies. Significance. Our approach aims to propose a new hybrid P3 based iterative algorithm, which is not only used to improve the quality of accelerated cardiac cine imaging but also extend the FCSA methodology.
Gravothermal evolution of dark matter halos with differential elastic scattering
Authors: Yang Daneng , Yu Hai-Bo
Published: September 2022

We study gravothermal evolution of dark matter halos in the presence of differential self-scattering that has strong velocity and angular dependencies. We design controlled N-body simulations to model Rutherford and Møller scatterings in the halo, and follow its evolution in both core-expansion and -collapse phases. The simulations show the commonly-used transfer cross section underestimates the effects of dark matter self-interactions, but the viscosity cross section provides an accurate approximation for modeling angular-dependent dark matter scattering. We investigate thermodynamic properties of the halo, and find that the three moments of the Boltzmann equation under the fluid approximation are satisfied. We further propose a constant effective cross section, which integrates over the halo's characteristic velocity dispersion with weighting kernels motivated by kinetic theory of heat conduction. The effective cross section provides a good approximation to differential self-scattering for most of the halo evolution. It indicates that we can map astrophysical constraints on a constant self-interacting cross section to an SIDM model with velocity- and angular-dependent scatterings.