bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association between Sleep and Multimorbidity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Hunan Province: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Su Manman , Zhou Yang , Chen Wenhui , Liu Yanping
Published: October 2023

Background
The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of sleep quality and chronic disease conditions, and to analyze the association between sleep and multimorbidity among community-dwelling older adults in China.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study and a stratified multistage random sampling method was used to collect data on demographic characteristics, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and chronic condition assessment. Chi-squared tests, t-tests, variance analysis, Wilcoxon rank sum test, binary logistic regression analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to test the association between sleep and multimorbidity.
Results
Of the 1173 community elders enrolled, the mean total PSQI score was 7.25 ± 4.23. Of these, 588 (50.1%) had a total PSQI score > 7 (with sleep disorders) and 920 (78.4%) had chronic diseases. And 43.8% (403/920) had one chronic disease and 56.2% (517/920) had multimorbidity. And the pattern of multimorbidity among community-dwelling older adults was dominated by a combination of binary and ternary chronic diseases. Overall, the prevalence of sleep disorders with multimorbidity among older adults in the community was 57.6% (298/517). And the prevalence of sleep disorders in older adults with multimorbidity was 1.30 times higher than without multimorbidity. The prevalence of sleep disorders increased with an increasing number of chronic conditions, and females had a higher prevalence of sleep disorders than males. T-test and variance analysis showed statistically significant differences in all seven components of PSQI between with and without multimorbidity, and different numbers of chronic conditions (P < 0.05). Gender, number of morbidities, BMI, marital status, and exercise frequency were included in the regression equation (R = 0.274, R2 = 0.075, F = 8.280, P<0.001).
Conclusion
The overall state of sleep and multimorbidity was not optimistic. In addition, older adults with multimorbidity in the community are more prone to sleep disorders. Also, the number of chronic conditions had additive effects on sleep disorders, and women reported poorer sleep quality than men. One of the most challenging aspects of falling asleep was for participants with multimorbidity. We also found that there may be an interaction between sleep and multimorbidity.
WITHDRAWN: Integrated bioinformatics identify the critical genes of mitophagy in myocardial ischemia- reperfusion injury
Authors: Chen Zhian , Liu Tingying , Yuan Hao , Sun Han , Liu Sitong , Zhang Shuai , Jin Mengli , Jiang Shuang , Tang Yong , Liu Zhi
Published: October 2023

Background: Myocardial ischemia is a prevalent cardiovascular disease with a high incidence and mortality rate. Restoring blood flow to the ischemic myocardium as soon as possible is crucial for improving patients' prognosis, but this process can lead to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). Mitophagy is a specific cellular autophagic process that has been consistently linked to various cardiovascular disorders.Nevertheless, the connection between ischemia-reperfusion and mitophagy remains unclear. This study's objective is to discern and substantiate central mitophagy-related genes associated with MIRI through bioinformatics analysis.
Methods: The microarray expression profile dataset (GSE108940) was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using GEO2R. These DEGs were then cross-referenced with genes in the mitophagy database. Differential nucleotide sequence analysis used enrichment analysis.The DEGs were obtained through protein-protein interaction (PPI)network analysis. And the hub genes were clustered by cytoHubba and MCODE of Cytoscape software. GSEA analysis was conducted on central genes. Finally, we conducted Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses to corroborate the expression patterns of pivotal genes in MIRI-afflicted rats.
Results: 2719 DEGs and 61 mitophagy-DEGs were obtained,followed by enrichment analyses and construction of PPI network. HSP90AA1, RPS27A, EEF2, EIF4A1, EIF2S1,HIF-1α and BNIP3 were the 7 hub genes identified by cytoHubba and MCODE of Cytoscape software. The functional clustering score of HIF-1α and BNIP3 was 9.647 by analysis of Cytoscape (MCODE). In our constructed MIRI rat model, western blot and immunofluorescence confirmed a significant elevation in the expression of HIF-1α and BNIP3, along with a significant increase in the ratio of LC3II to LC3I. Finally,qPCR confirmed that expression of HIF-1α, BNIP3 and LC3 mRNA in MIRI group was elevated significantly.
Conclusions: Seven central genes among the mitophagy-related DEGs have been pinpointed, potentially holding pivotal significance in MIRI, which indicated that HIF-1α/BNIP3 pathway of mitophag was correlated with pathogenesis of MIRI. Mitophagy may play an important role in MIRI.This research will offer valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets, which can be explored in future studies.
Characteristics and medical practice of hospitalized patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma in Japan
Authors: AOYAMA YOKO , Kinjo Yasuyuki , Hoshino Kaori , Harada Hiroshi , Ueda Taeko , Kurita Tomoko , Yoshino Kiyoshi , Matsuda Shinya
Published: October 2023

This study investigated the characteristics and medical practice of hospitalized patients with ovarian teratomas complicated by anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis in Japan. This cohort study was conducted using “Diagnosis Procedure Combination” (DPC) codes, a patient classification method for acute phase inpatients, over a 6-year period (2014–2020). Hospitalizations for ovarian teratomas complicated with anti-NMDAR encephalitis were compared with those for ovarian teratomas uncomplicated with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Additionally, the tendencies of patients with ovarian teratomas complicated with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and the clinical management were considered. Ovarian teratoma patients with encephalitis had a younger median age than those without encephalitis. The group with ovarian teratoma complicated with anti-NMDAR encephalitis was more likely to be transported by ambulance and had more transfers from other hospitals than the uncomplicated group. Among the target hospitalized patients, the 15 − 19 age group had the highest incidence rates. The median age was lower for steroid pulse therapy, intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, and plasma exchange therapy, in that order. Additionally, younger patients underwent more invasive treatments. Anti-NMDAR encephalitis associated with ovarian tumors often occurs in young people in their late teens and 20s, and younger patients are more likely to be severely ill.
An improved sine cosine algorithm with greedy selection for global optimization
Authors: Ma Linyun , Chen Jin , Tong Ying , Zhang Xing , Han Baozhu
Published: October 2023

The sine cosine algorithm (SCA) is a simple and efficient optimization algorithm that utilizes sine and cosine trigonometric functions to update solutions. The SCA may suffer from premature convergence to local optima due to its insufficient utilization of population information and lack of mechanism to escape from local optima. Therefore, this study proposes an improved version of the SCA called the novel sine cosine algorithm (NSCA). NSCA incorporates a new solution update equation, a greedy selection mechanism, and a disturbance mechanism to improve population diversity and prevent search stagnation. Experimental results on the Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) 2017 benchmark function set and six point cloud registration problems demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of NSCA compared to other algorithms.
Characterization of a wheat stable QTL for spike length and its genetic effects on yield-related traits
Authors: Ding Hongke , Wang Chenyang , Cai Yibiao , Yu Kai , Zhao Haibo , Wang Faxiang , Shi Xinyao , Cheng Jiajia , Sun Han , Wu Yongzhen , Qin Ran , Liu Cheng , Sun Xiaohui , Cui Fa , Zhao Chunhua
Published: October 2023

Spike length (SL) is one of the most important agronomic traits affecting yieldpotential and stability in wheat. In this study, a major stable quantitative trait locus (QTL) for SL, i.e., qSl-2B, was detected in multiple environments in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population derived from a cross between Kenong 9204 (KN9204) and Jing 411 (denoted as KJ-RIL). The qSl-2B QTL was mapped to the 60.06–73.06 Mb region on chromosome 2B and could be identified in multiple mapping populations. An InDel molecular marker in the target region was developed based on a sequence analysis of the two parents. To further clarify the breeding use potential of qSl-2B, we analyzed its genetic effects and breeding selection effect using both the KJ-RIL population and a natural mapping population, which consisted of 316 breeding varieties/advanced lines. The results showed that the qSl-2B alleles from KN9204 showed inconsistent genetic effects on SL in the two mapping populations. However, the qSl-2B alleles from KN9204 significantly increased grain yield per plant(GYPP) in both mapping populations. In China, a moderate selection utilization rate for qSl-2B was found in the Huanghuai winter wheat area and the selective utilization rate for qSl-2Bcontinues to increase. The above findings provided a foundation for the genetic improvement of wheat SL in the future via molecular breeding strategies.
Beyond Traditional Methods: Innovative Integration of LISS IV and Sentinel 2A Imagery for Unparalleled Insight into Himalayan Ibex Habitat Suitability
Authors: Dutta Ritam , Sharma Lalit Kumar , Joshi Bheem Dutt , Kumar Vineet , Sharief Amira , Bhattcharjee Saurav , Thakur Mukesh , Babu Rajappa
Published: October 2023

Despite the progress made in remote sensing technology, the application of satellite imagery is predominantly limited to the field of conservation study. The utilisation of multispectral data from diverse sensors holds significant promise in the field of landscape mapping. However, it is imperative to consider the varied spectral and spatial resolution capabilities in order to achieve precise classification of wildlife habitats. The objective of our study was to provide a methodology for accurately classifying habitat types for the Himalayan Ibex (Capra sibirica) by utilising various satellite data. In order to tackle the issues related to both spectral and spatial aspects, we employed LISS IV and Sentinel 2A data. We then proceeded by integrating the LISS IV data with the Sentinel 2A data, taking into account their respective geometric information. By utilising a variety of supervised classification techniques, it was shown that the Random Forest (RF) approach had superior performance compared to the other algorithms. The classified image obtained by the integration of LISS IV and Sentinel 2A sensors demonstrated the highest level of accuracy, with an overall accuracy of 86.17% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.84. In order to delineate the suitable habitat for the Himalayan Ibex, we employed ensemble modelling techniques that incorporated Land Cover Land Use (LCLU) data from three distinct image types (namely LISS IV, Sentinel 2A, and Integrated image). Additionally, we incorporated other predictors including topographical features, vegetation types, soil and water radiometric indices. The integrated image demonstrated superior accuracy in predicting the suitable habitat for the Himalayan Ibex, compared to the other two LULC classes that were obtained from the other two mentioned images. The identification of suitable habitats was found to be contingent upon the consideration of two key factors: the Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index and elevation. The consequences of these findings are significant for the advancement of conservation measures, as the utilisation of precise classification methods facilitates the recognition of crucial landscape components. This pilot study offers a novel and important approach to conservation planning by accurately categorising LULC and identifying critical habitats for the Ibex. The utilisation of this technology significantly improves our capacity to conserve and safeguard the natural environment inhabited by many wildlife species within the mountainous ecosystem like the Himalayas.
WITHDRAWN: Mapping the Mottness under Magnetic Field
Authors: Wang Lei , Wei LingNan , Gu Zhao-Long , Fischer Ammon , He YangChen , Xu Qiaoling , Ghiotto Augusto , Weber Clara , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Claassen Martin , Rubio Angel , Millis Andrew , Pasupathy Abhay , Xian Lede , Rhodes Daniel , Kennes Dante , Li Jian-Xin
Published: October 2023

Charge and spin are two intrinsic degrees of freedom of an electron. In a Mott insulator (MI), they are separated in that the charge degree is frozen due to strong Coulomb interaction U while the spin degree can still fluctuate and is governed by the energy scale of spin exchange J ≈ 4t2/U (t, hopping integral). Usually, a magnetic field can only manipulate the spin degree as the attainable Zeeman energy Ez can only compete with J at the scale of tens of milli-electron volts, while it does not affect the charge degree with U being at least two orders of magnitude larger [1–3]. Therefore, the complete evolution of a Mott insulator under magnetic field with both charge and spin impacted has yet to be explored. With recent progress in two-dimensional (2D) moiré systems, Mott insulators have been realized with significantly reduced U [4–9], providing an opportunity to investigate this problem. Here, we map out the full picture of Mottness under magnetic field by transport measurements on twisted bilayer (TB) WSe2 with twist angle θ ranging from 2.4° to 3.2°. We achieve the tuning of the charge dynamics of the Mott insulator using magnetic fields and observe unexpected Mott insulator-metal-Mott insulator (IMI) transitions. We theoretically establish that these IMI transitions are driven by an exotic form of spectral weight transfer (SWT) between the spin-split Hubbard bands due to carrier occupancy variations of different spins. We further identify the reentrant insulating phase at higher magnetic fields as a Mott-Zeeman insulator (MZI) with its gap determined collectively by U and Ez. Remarkably, with SWT, the observed critical magnetic field for this reentrance is as low as 5 T, which corresponds to a Zeeman energy approximately an order of magnitude smaller than U. The unveiled IMI transitions experimentally and theoretically evidence SWT as a crucial driving mechanism for the evolution of a Mott insulator in response to control parameters, which offers an unprecedented perspective into the nature of Mott physics.
Operational Machine Learning Approach for Detection of High Impedance Faults in Distribution Power Networks
Authors: Khond Sudarshan , Kale Vijay , Ballal Makarand Sudhakar
Published: October 2023

Due to insufficient quantitative and indistinguishable qualitative disturbance caused by the High Impedance Faults (HIFs), the detection of the same has been challenging and a topic of active research for decades. The article presents the novel Operational Machine Learning (MLops) concept for HIF detection. The proposed MLops algorithm is combined with the conventional current thresholding-based principles to reduce the ML models’ search space, resulting in improved detection accuracy. Moreover, due to the inherent adaptability of the MLops technique, the proposed method is found to be better capable of generalization as the fault current signature varies. In addition, a novel cumulative sequential ML ensemble method of prediction is used to eliminate the problem of false positive HIF detection without compromising the sensitivity of the HIF detection. The article also describes the method to accommodate for the maximum variance caused by the HIF by using multiple models of HIFs to generate the synthetic data. The synthetic data is obtained using minimal data from the experimental hardware set-up for validation purposes hence improving the utility of the proposed ML-based method in practical scenarios. The ML models such as Support Vector Machines (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), and K-nearest neighbors (KNN) are trained on the synthetic data. The proposed MLops algorithm is tested on the experimental set-up operating at 400V (L-L). The results for the detection accuracy in noisy environments and adaptability due to the parameter update confirm the desired objectives of achieving high sensitivity and robustness for HIF detection.
Comprehensive analysis of the CRISPR-Cas systems in Streptococcus thermophilus strains isolated from traditional yogurts
Authors: ÖZCAN Ali , YIBAR Artun , KİRAZ Deniz , ILIKKAN Özge Kahraman
Published: October 2023

Phage resistance is crucial for lactic acid bacteria in the dairy industry. However, identifying all phages affecting these bacteria is challenging. CRISPR-Cas systems offer a resistance mechanism developed by bacteria and archaea against phages and plasmids. In this study, 11 S. thermophilus strains from traditional yogurts underwent analysis using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics tools. Initial characterization involved molecular ribotyping. Bioinformatics analysis of the NGS raw data revealed that all 11 strains possessed at least one CRISPR type. A total of 21 CRISPR loci were identified, belonging to CRISPR types II-A, II-C, and III-A, including 13 Type II-A, 1 Type III-C, and 7 Type III-A CRISPR types. By analyzing spacer sequences in S. thermophilus bacterial genomes and matching them with phage/plasmid genomes, notable strains emerged. SY9 showed prominence with 132 phage matches and 30 plasmid matches, followed by SY12 with 35 phage matches and 25 plasmid matches, and SY18 with 49 phage matches and 13 plasmid matches. These findings indicate the potential of S. thermophilus strains in phage/plasmid resistance for selecting starter cultures, ultimately improving the quality and quantity of dairy products. Nevertheless, further research is required to validate these results and explore the practical applications of this approach.
Non-IG::MYC in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma confers variable genomic configurations and MYC transactivation potential
Authors: Du Ming-Qing , Zhang Chunye , Stelloo Ellen , Barrans Sharon , Cucco Francesco , Jiang Dan , Tzioni Maria-Myrsini , Chen Zi , Li Yan , Swennenhuis Joost F , Makker Jasmine , Raso-Barnett Livia , Liu Hongxiang , daly Hesham El , Soilleux Elizabeth , Shah Nimish , Nagumantry Sateesh Kumar , Kyaw Maw , Prahladan Mahesh Panatt , Tooze Reuben , Westhead David , Feitsma Harma , Davies Andrew , Burton Catherine , Johnson Peter
Published: October 2023

MYC translocation occurs in 8–14% of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and may concur with BCL2 and/or BCL6 translocation, known as double-hit (DH) or triple-hit (TH). DLBCL-MYC/BCL2-DH/TH are largely germinal centre B-cell like subtype, but show variable clinical outcome, with IG::MYC fusion significantly associated with inferior survival. While DLBCL-MYC/BCL6-DH are variable in their cell-of-origin subtypes and clinical outcome. Intriguingly, only 40–50% of DLBCL with MYC translocation show high MYC protein expression (> 70%). We studied 186 DLBCLs with MYC translocation including 32 MYC/BCL2/BCL6-TH, 75 MYC/BCL2-DH and 26 MYC/BCL6-DH. FISH revealed a MYC/BCL6 fusion in 59% of DLBCL-MYC/BCL2/BCL6-TH and 27% of DLBCL-MYC/BCL6-DH. Targeted NGS showed a similar mutation profile and LymphGen genetic subtype between DLBCL-MYC/BCL2/BCL6-TH and DLBCL-MYC/BCL2-DH, but variable LymphGen subtypes among DLBCL-MYC/BCL6-DH. MYC protein expression is uniformly high in DLBCL with IG::MYC, but variable in those with non-IG::MYC including MYC/BCL6-fusion. Translocation breakpoint analyses of 8 cases by TLC-based NGS showed no obvious genomic configuration that enables MYC transactivation in 3 of the 4 cases with non-IG::MYC, while a typical promoter substitution or IGH super enhancer juxtaposition in the remaining cases. The findings potentially explain variable MYC expression in DLBCL with MYC translocation, and also bear practical implications in its routine assessment.
CD27 exhibits clinical diagnostic value and reveals the immune heterogeneity as well as predicts clinical drug responses in hashimoto's thyroiditis
Authors: Dong YanMing , Bao Guoqiang
Published: October 2023

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), recognized as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is a widespread autoimmune malady predominantly impacting females in the youthful and middle-age demographics. Initially, HT can present as hyperthyroidism, and as the disease progresses, it may transition to hypothyroidism. Studies have indicated that HT pathogenesis involves multiple factors, comprising genetic predisposition, environmental triggers, and autoimmune processes. However, the exact mechanism underlying the development of HT remains unclear. Within the framework of our study, we aimed to identify key genes and potential molecular mechanisms underlying HT, with the objective of offering fresh insights into diagnostic and therapeutic targets for this condition. To accomplish this, we amalgamated datasets GSE138198 and GSE54958 as our training cohorts, and subsequently conducted analyses encompassing the identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to pinpoint the DEGs most intricately associated with HT. Subsequently, we employed protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis to ascertain hub genes. We then proceeded to validate the diagnostic efficacy of these hub genes through the utilization of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and nomograms. Finally, CD27 was selected as the key genes in HT and validated using clinical samples. More importantly, in order to delve deeper into the role and potential mechanisms associated with CD27 in HT, we conducted a comprehensive array of analyses including GO, KEGG and GSEA enrichment analysis, and HT-infiltrating immune cells (HTICs) components as well as functions were performed between high CD27 and low-CD27 cohorts. The findings revealed that CD27 is highly expressed in HT tissues and has important clinical application value for HT. The CD27 expression in high-cohort exhibited a more pronounced enrichment in immune-related biological processes compared to the low-expression cohort. Furthermore, we conducted CIBERSORT analysis to assess the proportion of HTICs, revealing a strong association between several activated HTICs and CD27 expression. This implies that CD27 has the potential to serve as an indicator of the immune status in individuals with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Consequently, CD27 plays a significant role in predicting clinical outcomes in HT patients, encompassing the overall condition of HT patients and their response to immunotherapy. Furthermore, CD27 holds promise as a valuable biomarker for reshaping the microenvironment in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. This suggests potential underlying mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis and progression of HT. Such insights may offer novel perspectives for HT treatment, ultimately leading to enhanced therapeutic strategies and improved patient care.
Design and validation of an instrument to evaluate Person-Centered Care in Health Services.
Authors: Lehmann-Mendoza Rodolfo , Sarabia-González Odet , Figuerola-Escoto Rosa Paola , Luna David , Cortés-Moreno Gabriela Yanet , González-Mundo Ilicia , Caselín-Ledezma Rubén , Vázquez-Dávila Roberto Arturo , Martínez-Arredondo Hilario Ascención
Published: October 2023

Background The concept of quality in health care has evolved, placing greater importance on the patient's needs, culture, and social context, as well as their participation in clinical decision-making, as highlighted by Mead and Bower's Person-Centered Care Model. The aim of the present study was to design and validate an instrument to assess the extent to which healthcare services provided by PEMEX (Petróleos Mexicanos) offer person-centered care according to user perceptions. Methods The first phase comprised the development of 57 items based on the analysis of responses from an open-ended questionnaire administered to 30 users of Pemex healthcare services. This questionnaire was designed considering the four factors of the person-centered care model. Subsequently, a validation process was performed, including a sample of 330 individuals, with an exploratory factorial analysis to identify the initial instrument structure. Afterward, a confirmatory factorial analysis was carried out with 335 participants. Finally, a new confirmatory factorial analysis included 130 participants due to the refinements made in the previous phase. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω at every phase. Results The exploratory factor analysis retained 35 items in a single factor that accounted for 49% of the variance with an internal consistency of Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω = 0.97. Because the factorial structure by confirmatory factorial analysis was unsatisfactory, the initial model was refined, leading to the retention of 11 items with an internal consistency of Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω = 0.93. Due to the refinements, a new confirmatory factorial analysis was conducted with suitable goodness-of-fit criteria in most items, resulting in a Cronbach's α and McDonald's ω = 0.98. Conclusions The instrument exhibits suitable psychometric properties to be employed to measure the degree to which medical care is patient centered. The use of this instrument represents a strategy for the promotion of an innovative healthcare model.
The Association between Glymphatic System and Perivascular Macrophages in Brain Waste Clearance
Authors: Kaur Jasleen , Boyd Edward , Ding Guangliang , Zhang Li , Luo Hao , Li Qingjiang , Li Lian , Wei Min , Landschoot-Ward Julie , Chopp Michael , Zhang Zhenggang , Jiang Quan
Published: October 2023

The glymphatic system suggests the convective bulk flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through perivascular spaces and the interstitial spaces of the brain parenchyma for the rapid removal of toxic waste solutes from the brain. However, the presence of convective bulk flow within the brain interstitial spaces is still under debate. We first addressed this argument to determine the involvement of the glymphatic system in brain waste clearance utilizing contrast-enhanced 3D T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and confocal microscopy imaging. Furthermore, perivascular macrophages (PVMs), which are immune cells located within perivascular spaces, have not been thoroughly explored for their association with the glymphatic system. Therefore, we investigated tracer uptake by PVMs in the perivascular spaces of both the arteries/arterioles and veins/venules and the potential association of PVMs in assisting the glymphatic system for interstitial waste clearance. Our findings demonstrated that both convective bulk flow and diffusion are responsible for the clearance of interstitial waste solutes from the brain parenchyma. Furthermore, our results suggested that PVMs play an important function in glymphatic system-mediated interstitial waste clearance. The glymphatic system and PVMs could be targeted to enhance interstitial waste clearance in patients with waste-associated neurological conditions and aging.
QUANTUM KEY DISTRIBUTION FOR DETECTING EAVESDROPPER USING Ekert91 PROTOCOL
Authors: Kumari Rachna , Kumar Sanjay
Published: October 2023

The discipline of cryptography offers the means to shield confidential data from outsiders. Due to the emergence of parallel and high performance computers, conventional encryp- tion, whose security frequently depends on unproven computa- tional assumptions, can be easily broken. Quantum cryptography (QKD), it is based on an essential quantum mechanical principle, guarantees complete safety. In this paper, a web-based simulation for determining the presence of eavesdroppers in a quantum channel utilizing the Ekert91 protocol is designed using the Quantum Information Toolkit (QIT).
Implementation of a standardized lung ultrasound protocol for respiratory distress in a neonatal intensive care unit: an observational study
Authors: Firszt Oliver , Grabowska Agata , Saran Anna , Kluczewska Ewa
Published: October 2023

Objective: To assess the feasibility of implementing a simple point-of-care lung ultrasound (POC-LUS) evaluation and reporting protocol in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and its effect on patient management.
Study design: Retrospective observational study of POC-LUS examinations performed in a level III NICU. Each examination was performed according to a standardized protocol. An independent radiologist-assessed chest X-ray (CXR) was used to compare the POC-LUS diagnosis. The impact on patient management was also evaluated.
Result: A total of 206 POC-LUS studies in 158 neonates were reviewed. There was significant agreement between POC-LUS and CXR diagnoses (84,95%, 95% CI 80,07-89,83%).
POC-LUS affected patient management in 87.8% of the cases (95% CI 83,33-92,28%).
Conclusion: Implementation of a simplified, sign-based protocol for POC-LUS in the NICU is feasible. POC-LUS is not inferior to CXR studies and supports patient management as an imaging modality.
The role of surgery in patients with metastatic pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC)：a SEER‑based study
Authors: Hao Ligang , Zhang Junjie , Di yonghui
Published: October 2023

ObjectiveIn an effort to explore the prognostic role of surgery in patients with metastatic pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma, we performed a population-based study using the SEER data.MethodsPatients with metastatic PSC were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2000 to 2019. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by univariate and multivariate analysis using the Cox regression analysis, α = 0.05. Survival curves were plotted by using the Kaplan-Meier method and survival curves were compared between groups with the log-rank test.ResultsA total of 931 patients were finally enrolled and 88 patients received surgery to the primary tumor site. Surgery was independently associated with improved outcome in patients with metastatic PSC. Median overall survival was 8.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.0 to 15.0) with surgery versus 3.0 months (95% CI, 3.0 to 4.0) without surgery (hazard ratio for death, 0. 576; 95% CI, 0.447 to 0.743;P<0.0001). The overall survival benefit was consistent regardless of the brain metastasis, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Patients also benefited more from resection of at least one lobe and mediastinal lymph node dissection (HR = 0.484, 95%CI 0.289–0.812, P = 0.0035; HR = 0.441, 95%CI 0.267–0.728, P = 0.00064).ConclusionsAccording to this study, surgery, especially lobectomy, bilobectomy or pneumonectomy with lymph node dissection, can prolong survival of patients with metastatic PSC. Treatment options for metastatic PSC should be based on multidisciplinary decision, and the possibility of surgery on primary tumor requires reasonable assessment.
Idiosyncratic Deals and Breakthrough Innovation: Based on the Paradox Theory Perspective
Authors: Fan Zili , Li Yitong , Wu Yige , Peng Ting , Peng Ziqian , Xue Jinli
Published: October 2023

Purpose: Scientific and technological independence depends on breakthrough innovation, and the breakthrough of innovation comes from the stimulation of talent vitality. Taking the idiosyncratic deals to meet the unique needs of talents as the starting point, this study constructs a two-stage moderating mediated model based on paradox theory, and discusses the impact of idiosyncratic deals on breakthrough innovation through exploratory-exploitative learning tension, as well as the moderating role of transactive memory systems and cognitive flexibility in this process.
Participants and Methods: In order to reduce the effects of common method biases and causal lag effect, this study was divided into three stages for data collection, with a time interval of a month. 332 employees from four enterprises in Shanghai and Wuhan were selected as samples, and the hypothesis test was carried out by linear regression, bootstrap and Johnson-Neyman method.
Results: The results showed that Idiosyncratic deals has a positive impact on breakthrough innovation through exploratory-exploitative learning tension; transactive memory systems in the first stage and cognitive flexibility in the second stage positively moderate the mediating effect of exploratory-exploitative learning tension between idiosyncratic deals and breakthrough innovation and. Under the combined effect of high transactive memory systems and high cognitive flexibility, idiosyncratic deals has the strongest indirect effect on breakthrough innovation through exploratory-exploitative learning tension.
Conclusion: The study results break through the previous research framework of social exchange theory, and use paradox theory to explore the influence mechanism of idiosyncratic deals, in order to promote the sustainable growth of breakthrough innovation through this non-standard work arrangement.
Progesterone decreases isoflurane requirement for both balance disturbance and loss of righting reflex in male mice
Authors: Shimizu Takeru , Nakamura Shoko , Inomata Shinichi
Published: October 2023

It has been known that progesterone has central effects, as measured by minimum alveolar concentration in various experimental settings. Previously we showed that progesterone reduces sevoflurane requirement for the loss of righting reflex (LORR) using male mice. However, the combination of progesterone and isoflurane has not been studied. Therefore, we tested the effect of progesterone on isoflurane requirement. Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with either progesterone (75 mg/kg) + olive oil or only olive oil. Animals were studied in closed cylinder supplied with oxygen and isoflurane that rotated 4 times per min. Balance disturbance and loss of the righting reflex were counted. The data were analyzed by using a multiple independent variable logistics regression model. Concentrations for the onset of balance disturbances; the effective dose 50% (ED50) and effective dose 95% (ED95) of isoflurane for control group and progesterone group were 0.37% and 0.45%, 0.34% and 0.41%, respectively. Concentrations for LORR; the ED50 and ED95 for control group and progesterone group were 0.55% and 0.62%, 0.53% and 0.60%, respectively. Subcutaneous injection of progesterone 75 mg/kg decreased isoflurane requirement significantly for both balance disturbance (p=0.0022) and LORR (p=0.0218). We conclude that progesterone decreased isoflurane concentration for both balance disturbance and LORR.
Effect of Temperature on Permeability of Mudstone Subjected to Triaxial Stresses and Its Application
Authors: Yu Jieqing , Dong Fuke , Zhou Yu , Wang Xingyan , Zhang Liang , Su Hailong
Published: October 2023

To prevent the leakage of pyrolyzed oil and gas as well as the release of pollutants from the top and floor strata, it is crucial to conduct a comprehensive study on the seepage characteristics of these strata under high-temperature triaxial stress conditions. This study will help ensure the containment and integrity of subsurface reservoirs and storage environments. Mudstone, serving as both the upper and lower strata, offers an effective barrier due to its inherently low permeability. In order to explore the change rule of mudstone sealing performance under high temperature triaxial stress, an air-heated low permeability rock mass air permeability measurement system is used to measure the ground stress buried 500m deep and the temperature variation characteristics of mudstone permeability on the roof and floor of Jimsar oil shale in Xinjiang under 100℃. It was found that the permeability of stressed mudstone decreased with the temperature rising up to 100℃. The predominant factor was thermal expansion of mudstone. The drop value depended on triaxial stresses that large stresses could induce small drop value. The average hydraulic radius of pore in the mudstone was also calculated, which also exhibited continuous reduction as heating up to 100℃ and the degree of reduction could reach 68%. The capacity, that prevent oil & gas and contaminant from moving cross strata as a barrier, would be strengthened when the mudstone strata from roof and floor experienced the temperature low than 100℃. The barrier performance of mudstone as a pollutant migration barrier layer to gas pollutant migration during in-situ heat injection mining of oil shale was further evaluated.
EMID2 is a novel biotherapeutic for aggressive cancers identified by in vivo screening
Authors: Cappelletto Ambra , Alfì Edoardo , Volf Nina , Bortolotti Francesca , Ciucci Giulio , Vodret Simone , Fantuz Marco , Perin Martina , Colliva Andrea , Rozzi Giacomo , Rossi Matilde , Ruozi Giulia , Zentilin Lorena , Vuerich Roman , Borin Daniele , Lapasin Romano , Piazza Silvano , Chiesa Mattia , Lorizio Daniela , Kumar Sandeep , Rustighi Alessandra , Jo Hanjoong , Piccolo Stefano , Carrer Alessandro , Giacca Mauro , Sal Giannino Del , ZACCHIGNA SERENA
Published: October 2023

Background. New drugs to tackle the next pathway or mutation fueling cancer are constantly proposed, but 97% of them are doomed to fail in clinical trials, largely because they are identified by cellular or in silico screens that cannot predict their in vivo effect. Methods. We screened an Adeno-Associated Vector secretome library (> 1000 clones) directly in vivo in a mouse model of cancer and validated the therapeutic effect of the first hit, EMID2, in both orthotopic and genetic models of lung and pancreatic cancer. Results. EMID2 overexpression inhibited both tumor growth and metastatic dissemination, consistent with prolonged survival of patients with high levels of EMID2 expression in the most aggressive human cancers. Mechanistically, EMID2 inhibited TGFβ maturation and activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts, resulting in more elastic ECM and reduced levels of YAP in the nuclei of cancer cells. Conclusions. This is the first in vivo screening, precisely designed to identify proteins able to interfere with cancer cell invasiveness. EMID2 was selected as the most potent protein, in line with the emerging relevance of the tumor extracellular matrix in controlling cancer cell invasiveness and dissemination, which kills most of cancer patients.
Identification of a Potential sialylation-related pattern for the Prediction of Prognosis and Immunotherapy Response in in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Yu Yao , Shang Yu , He Yaowu , Shi Si , Wang Qi , Ma Jing , Wang Menghan , Shi Wenchao , Chen Hong
Published: October 2023

Background: Our study aimed to establish a novel system for quantifying sialylation patterns and comprehensively analyze their relationship with immune cell infiltration (ICI) characterization, prognosis, and therapeutic sensitivity in small cell lung cancer (SCLC).
Methods: We conducted a thorough assessment of the sialylation patterns in 100 patients diagnosed with SCLC. Our primary focus was on analyzing the expression levels of 7 prognostic sialylation-related genes (SRGs). To evaluate and quantify these sialylation patterns, we devised a sialylation score (SS) using principal component analysis algorithms. Prognostic value and therapeutic sensitivities were then evaluated using multiple methods. The GSE176307 was used to verify the predictive ability of SS for immunotherapy.
Results: Our study identified two distinct clusters based on sialylation patterns. Sialylation cluster B exhibited a lower level of induced ICI therapy and immune-related signaling enrichment, which was associated with a poorer prognosis. Furthermore, there were significant differences in prognosis, response to targeted inhibitors, and immunotherapy between the high and low SS groups. Patients with high SS were characterized by decreased immune cell infiltration, chemokine and immune checkpoint expression and poorer response to immunotherapy, while the low SS group was more likely to benefit from immunotherapy.
Conclusion: This work showed that the evaluation of sialylation subtypes will help to gain insight into the heterogeneity of SCLC. The quantification of sialylation patterns played a non-negligible role in the prediction of ICI characterization, prognosis and individualized therapy strategies.
Advancing Intrusion Detection Efficiency: A ’Less is More’ Approach via Feature Selection
Authors: Sahin Onur , Uludag Suleyman
Published: October 2023

Cybersecurity relies heavily on effective intrusion detection, a task that may fall short when utilizing unprocessed data in machine learning models. In an endeavor to improve detection rates, our research embraced a ‘Less is More’ strategy. By employing Random Forest feature selection, the in- terpacket arrival time (IAT) surfaced as the key determinant, in a real-time dataset encompassing 33 attacks in an IoT environment consisting of 105 devices. Concentrating on this singular feature and reducing the data’s di- mensions (thus drastically minimizing training and prediction time), our best model yielded an F1 score of 90.46%, outperforming prior results by nearly 19%. Additionally, a trial using the most important 25 features yielded an F1 score of 84.26%. While this was not as successful, it may yield better results when experimenting with different datasets. We also measured training time and prediction time per entry for all models and stated that lower dimension- ality in data leads to drastically lower training and prediction times. Though the IAT-centered method showed considerable promise, its universal applica- bility may be limited. Our findings illuminate the substantial potential of this method in intrusion detection, emphasizing the crucial role that feature se- lection can play in enhancing accuracy, with effects that could be far-reaching across various real-world scenarios and scholarly pursuits. The limitation of this research lies in the potential inability to apply the one-feature approach universally. Moving forward, investigations may pivot towards assessing the ’Less is More’ strategy’s adaptability across diverse datasets, fine-tuning the approach to harmonize efficacy and applicability. This investigation not only underscores the potential of feature selection in intrusion detection but also manifests a breakthrough in efficiency, achieving a remarkable improvement over previous methods. By employing a focused approach, our research has catalyzed an advancement in the field. The substantial enhancement in detec- tion efficiency validates this approach, positioning it as a viable and effective solution for those seeking to strengthen and streamline intrusion detection systems.
Bariatric Surgery in Adolescents A New Paradigm: Our Experience
Authors: Zavalza Juan , Prats Pedro , Giron Felipe , Nuñez Ricardo , Cantos Ivan , Molinarez Manuel , Toledo Manuel , Paipilla Omar , Zundel Natan
Published: October 2023

Background
Obesity in adolescent patients is a public healthcare problem that has rapidly increased over time. Surgical procedures have been proposed as a solution for this pathology, but evidence of bariatric surgery outcomes in adolescent patients is scarce. We aimed to describe the characteristics, experience, and outcomes of our institution's adolescent patients who underwent bariatric surgery in 2021.
Methods
A retrospective observational study with a prospective database was conducted. Adolescent patients who underwent bariatric procedures were included. A laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy was performed. Baseline data and evolution were obtained and analyzed. The surgical analysis included intraoperative time, surgery, complications, and endoscopic findings. Post-operative follow-up was done for at least a 12-month period in all patients.
Results
15 adolescent patients required bariatric surgery. The mean age of the patients was 17.5 years, 13.3 % were men and 86.7 % were women. Only 1 patient had history of diabetes and sleep apnea. Mean body mass index in the group was 42.46 kg/m² before intervention and 26.66 kg/m² year after surgery. Every patient got a GERD-Q score, under 5 points. With a satisfaction rate of 100% for weight loss. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were recorded.
Conclusions
Bariatric surgery is a safe procedure for weight loss, it’s feasible, replicable, and safe for adolescent patients. Follow-up is essential to measure GERD and weight loss maintenance.
Multi-ancestry Polygenic Mechanisms of Type 2 Diabetes Elucidate Disease Processes and Clinical Heterogeneity
Authors: Udler Miriam , Smith Kirk , Deutsch Aaron , McGrail Caroyln , Kim Hyunkyung , Hsu Sarah , Mandla Ravi , Schroeder Philip , Westerman Kenneth , Szczerbinski Lukasz , Majarian Timothy , Kaur Varinderpal , Williamson Alice , Claussnitzer Melina , Florez Jose , Manning Alisa , Mercader Josep , Gaulton Kyle
Published: October 2023

We identified genetic subtypes of type 2 diabetes (T2D) by analyzing genetic data from diverse groups, including non-European populations. We implemented soft clustering with 650 T2D-associated genetic variants, capturing known and novel T2D subtypes with distinct cardiometabolic trait associations. The twelve genetic clusters were distinctively enriched for single-cell regulatory regions. Polygenic scores derived from the clusters differed in distribution between ancestry groups, including a significantly higher proportion of lipodystrophy-related polygenic risk in East Asian ancestry. T2D risk was equivalent at a BMI of 30 kg/m2 in the European subpopulation and 24.2 (22.9-25.5) kg/m2 in the East Asian subpopulation; after adjusting for cluster-specific genetic risk, the equivalent BMI threshold increased to 28.5 (27.1-30.0) kg/m2 in the East Asian group, explaining about 75% of the difference in BMI thresholds. Thus, these multi-ancestry T2D genetic subtypes encompass a broader range of biological mechanisms and help explain ancestry-associated differences in T2D risk profiles.
Navigation Patterns and Design Strategies to Minimize Mobile Usability Issues
Authors: Riaz Muhammad Moiz , Faisal C.M. Nadeem , Mahmood Toqeer , Fernandez-Lanvin Daniel , Gonzalez-Rodriguez Martin , De Andrés Javier
Published: October 2023

Mobile devices are becoming essential in our daily lives, and people frequently start using mobile devices without fully knowing the navigation of applications, which leads to frustration. New and existing users find usability challenges while using mobile applications because of complex and unfamiliar interfaces. This paper investigates usability challenges and how users interact with WhatsApp, Facebook, and Instagram navigation patterns. Initially, Study 1 is conducted on the existing navigation of these applications, and after getting user pain points, improved navigation is designed to conduct Study 2. Study 3 compares Study 1 and Study 2 results to seek further insight. A total of 136 individuals participated in the study to assess the usability via the System Usability Scale. The results depict that the overall existing navigation of these applications is complex, which causes a lack of interest in the application and leads to ultimate frustration. When these applications were compared for navigation patterns in Study 1, huge differences were evidenced in navigation patterns, and the conclusion is that users must learn a lot before usage. In Study 2, users observed modified navigation prototypes easy to use, less complex, and less difference in navigation patterns when employed Apps compared with each other. In conclusion, modified navigation-based prototypes foster usability, learnability, and effectiveness.