bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Catalyst-free synthesis of quinoline-enols through coupling between heterocyclic N-oxides and CF3-ynones under mild conditions
Authors: Chang Zhenbang , Zhang Saisai , Wang Yinpeng , Xiong Heng-Ying , Zhang Guangwu
Published: September 2022

The coupling between heterocyclic N-oxides and CF3-ynones has been demonstrated via the formal C–H and C–C bond cleavage under catalyst-free and mild conditions.
Ion accumulation-induced capacitance elevation in a microporous graphene-based supercapacitor
Authors: Pattanayak Bhaskar , Le Phuoc-Anh , Panda Debashis , Simanjuntak Firman Mangasa , Wei Kung-Hwa , Winie Tan , Tseng Tseung-Yuen
Published: September 2022

High-performance porous 3D graphene-based supercapacitors are one of the most promising and challenging directions for future energy technologies.
Selective detection of methanol vapour from a multicomponent gas mixture using a CNPs/ZnO@ZIF-8 based room temperature solid-state sensor
Authors: Malepe Lesego , Ndinteh Derek Tantoh , Ndungu Patrick , Mamo Messai Adenew
Published: September 2022

Methanol vapour is harmful to human health if it is inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the skin.
Correction: Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of a floating photocatalyst based on B–N-codoped TiO2 grafted on expanded perlite
Authors: Wang Xin , Wang Wei , Wang Xuejiang , Zhang Jing , Gu Zaoli , Zhou Lijie , Zhao Jianfu
Published: September 2022

Correction for ‘Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of a floating photocatalyst based on B–N-codoped TiO2 grafted on expanded perlite’ by Xin Wang et al., RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 41385–41392, https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra06056g.
Retraction: Experimental and theoretical studies of the nanostructured {Fe3O4@SiO2@(CH2)3Im}C(CN)3 catalyst for 2-amino-3-cyanopyridine preparation via an anomeric based oxidation
Authors: Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Kiafar Mahya , Yarie Meysam , Taherpour Avat (Arman) , Saeidi-Rad Mahdi
Published: September 2022

Retraction of ‘Experimental and theoretical studies of the nanostructured {Fe3O4@SiO2@(CH2)3Im}C(CN)3 catalyst for 2-amino-3-cyanopyridine preparation via an anomeric based oxidation’ by Mohammad Ali Zolfigol et al., RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 50100–50111, https://doi.org/10.1039/C6RA12299J.
Chiral Lewis acid catalysis in a visible light-triggered cycloaddition/rearrangement cascade
Authors: Stegbauer Simone , Jandl Christian , Bach Thorsten
Published: September 2022

Chiral Lewis acid catalysis enables the formation of enantioenriched polycyclic benzoisochromenes 2 from simple 1-naphthaldehydes 1 in an efficient cascade process triggered by a visible light-initiated ortho photocycloaddition.
Recent advances in metal-catalysed asymmetric sigmatropic rearrangements
Authors: Liu Yangbin , Liu Xiaohua , Feng Xiaoming
Published: September 2022

Catalytic asymmetric sigmatropic rearrangements induced by chiral metal catalysis have been intensively explored. This review summarizes recent significant advances, mainly involving [3,3], [2,3] and [1,3]-rearrangements.
The sequestration mechanism as a generalizable approach to improve the sensitivity of biosensors and bioassays
Authors: Chamorro-Garcia Alejandro , Parolo Claudio , Ortega Gabriel , Idili Andrea , Green Joshua , Ricci Francesco , Plaxco Kevin W.
Published: September 2022

We adapt sequestration, a naturally occurring mechanism by which cells modulate the sensitivity of many biological processes, into three different biosensors and bioassays to achieve steeper, more sensitive responses against a biomarker of kidney damage.
Enhanced cycling stability and rate capability of a graphene-supported commercialized Vat Blue 4 anode for advanced Li-ion batteries
Authors: Kang Hongwei , Ma Quanwei , Wang Rui , Zhang Longhai , Chen Shuisheng , Wang Xinrui , Zhang Chaofeng
Published: September 2022

Based on a conjugated system, a commercialized Vat Blue 4-graphene composite anode exhibits rapid electron/ion transfer kinetics and limited solubility in electrolytes for significantly enhanced cycling stability and rate capability of LIBs.
BatteryDataExtractor: battery-aware text-mining software embedded with BERT models
Authors: Huang Shu , Cole Jacqueline M.
Published: September 2022

BatteryDataExtractor is the first property-specific text-mining tool for auto-generating databases of materials and their property, device, and associated characteristics. The software has been constructed by embedding the BatteryBERT model.
Repurposing metal containing wastes and mass-produced materials as electrocatalysts for water electrolysis
Authors: Saleem Hamza , Khosravi Monireh , Maroufi Samane , Sahajwalla Veena , O'Mullane Anthony P.
Published: September 2022

Recycling metal containing waste is an attractive option to generate water splitting electrocatalysts for green hydrogen production. This will help alleviate future pressure on endangered elements that are required for the future energy transition.
A review on modified polymer composite electrolytes for solid-state lithium batteries
Authors: Luo Shengbin , Liu Xia , Gao Lu , Deng Nanping , Sun Xiaobin , Li Yanan , Zeng Qiang , Wang Hao , Cheng Bowen , Kang Weimin
Published: September 2022

High performance modified polymer composite electrolytes are obtained by compounding polymers with other substances.
Accurate predictions of thermoset resin glass transition temperatures from all-atom molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Odegard Gregory M. , Patil Sagar U. , Gaikwad Prashik S. , Deshpande Prathamesh , Krieg Aaron S. , Shah Sagar P. , Reyes Aspen , Dickens Tarik , King Julia A. , Maiaru Marianna
Published: September 2022

Molecular dynamics simulation of a thermoset network and the glass transition by heating and cooling.
Synthetic control of structure and conduction properties in Na–Y–Zr–Cl solid electrolytes
Authors: Sebti Elias , Qi Ji , Richardson Peter M. , Ridley Phillip , Wu Erik A. , Banerjee Swastika , Giovine Raynald , Cronk Ashley , Ham So-Yeon , Meng Ying Shirley , Ong Shyue Ping , Clément Raphaële J.
Published: September 2022

In this study, the relationship between structure, cation disorder and Na-ion conduction properties is elucidated in a series of Na3−xY1−xZrxCl6 solid electrolytes.
Fabrication and characterization of thin-film field-effect transistors with alkyl-phenyl[n]phenacenes (n = 4–6)
Authors: Zhang Yanting , Eguchi Ritsuko , Okamoto Hideki , Goto Kenta , Tani Fumito , Yamaji Minoru , Goto Hidenori , Kubozono Yoshihiro
Published: September 2022

3-Decyl-10-phenyl[5]phenacene (PhC10-PIC) molecule shows good FET characteristics in case of using ZrO2 gate dielectric, owing to strong fastener effect and large π-overlap.
Combatting antimicrobial resistance via the cysteine biosynthesis pathway in bacterial pathogens
Authors: Hicks Joanna L. , Oldham Keely E.A. , McGarvie Jack , Walker Emma J.
Published: September 2022

Antibiotics are the cornerstone of modern medicine and agriculture, and rising antibiotic resistance is one the biggest threats to global health and food security. Identifying new and different druggable targets for the development of new antibiotics is absolutely crucial to overcome resistance. Adjuvant strategies that either enhance the activity of existing antibiotics or improve clearance by the host immune system provide another mechanism to combat antibiotic resistance. Targeting a combination of essential and non-essential enzymes that play key roles in bacterial metabolism is a promising strategy to develop new antimicrobials and adjuvants, respectively. The enzymatic synthesis of L-cysteine is one such strategy. Cysteine plays a key role in proteins and is crucial for the synthesis of many biomolecules important for defense against the host immune system. Cysteine synthesis is a two-step process, catalyzed by two enzymes. Serine acetyltransferase (CysE) catalyzes the first step to synthesize the pathway intermediate O-acetylserine, and O-acetylserine sulfhydrylase (CysK/CysM) catalyzes the second step using sulfide or thiosulfate to produce cysteine. Disruption of the cysteine biosynthesis pathway results in dysregulated sulfur metabolism, altering the redox state of the cell leading to decreased fitness, enhanced susceptibility to oxidative stress and increased sensitivity to antibiotics. In this review, we summarize the structure and mechanism of characterized CysE and CysK/CysM enzymes from a variety of bacterial pathogens, and the evidence that support targeting these enzymes for the development of new antimicrobials or antibiotic adjuvants. In addition, we explore and compare compounds identified thus far that target these enzymes.
Astrocytes in memory formation and maintenance
Authors: Bohmbach Kirsten , Henneberger Christian , Hirrlinger Johannes
Published: September 2022

Learning and memory are fundamental but highly complex functions of the brain. They rely on multiple mechanisms including the processing of sensory information, memory formation, maintenance of short- and long-term memory, memory retrieval and memory extinction. Recent experiments provide strong evidence that, besides neurons, astrocytes crucially contribute to these higher brain functions. However, the complex interplay of astrocytes and neurons in local neuron–glia assemblies is far from being understood. Although important basic cellular principles that govern and link neuronal and astrocytic cellular functions have been established, additional mechanisms clearly continue to emerge. In this short essay, we first review current technologies allowing the experimenter to explore the role of astrocytes in behaving animals, with focus on spatial memory. We then discuss astrocytic signaling mechanisms and their role in learning and memory. We also reveal gaps in our knowledge that currently prevent a comprehensive understanding of how astrocytes contribute to acquisition, storage and retrieval of memory by modulating neuronal signaling in local circuits.
Volatile-rich comets ejected early on during Solar System formation
Authors: Anderson Sarah E. , Petit Jean-Marc , Noyelles Benoît , Mousis Olivier , Rousselot Philippe
Published: September 2022

Context. Comet C/2016 R2 PanSTARRS (hereafter C/2016 R2) presents an unusually high N2/CO abundance ratio, as well as a heavy depletion in H2O, making it the only known comet of its kind. Understanding its dynamical history is therefore of essential importance as it would allow us to gain a clearer understanding of the evolution of planetesimal formation in our Solar System. Two studies have independently estimated the possible origin of this comet from building blocks formed in a peculiar region of the protoplanetary disk, near the ice line of CO and N2.

Aims. We intend to investigate the fates of objects formed from the building blocks in these regions. We hope to find a possible explanation for the lack of C/2016 R2-like comets in our Solar System.

Methods. Using a numerical simulation of the early stages of Solar System formation, we track the dynamics of these objects in the Jumping Neptune scenario based on five different initial conditions for the protosolar disk. We integrate the positions of 250 000 planetesimals over time in order to analyze the evolution of their orbits and create a statistical profile of their expected permanent orbit.

Results. We find that objects formed in the region of the CO- and N2- ice lines are highly likely to be sent towards the Oort Cloud or possibly ejected from the Solar System altogether on a relatively short timescale. In all our simulations, over 90% of clones formed in this region evolved into a hyperbolic trajectory, and between 1% and 10% were potentially captured by the Oort Cloud. The handful of comets that remained were either on long-period, highly eccentric orbits like C/2016 R2, or absorbed into the Edgeworth-Kuiper belt.

Conclusions. Comets formed <15 au were predominantly ejected early in the formation timeline. As this is the formation zone likely to produce comets of this composition, this process could explain the lack of similar comets observed in the Solar System.
CHEMOUT: CHEMical complexity in star-forming regions of the OUTer Galaxy
Authors: Colzi L. , Romano D. , Fontani F. , Rivilla V. M. , Bizzocchi L. , Beltran M. T. , Caselli P. , Elia D. , Magrini L.
Published: September 2022

Context. Nitrogen isotopic ratios are a key tool for tracing Galactic stellar nucleosynthesis.

Aims. We present the first study of the 14N/15N abundance ratio in the outer regions of the Milky Way (namely, for galactocentric distances, RGC, from 12 up to 19 kpc), with the aim to study the stellar nucleosynthesis effects in the global Galactic trend.

Methods. We analysed IRAM 30 m observations towards a sample of 35 sources in the context of the CHEMical complexity in star-forming regions of the OUTer Galaxy (CHEMOUT) project. We derived the 14N/15N ratios from HCN and HNC for 14 and 3 sources, respectively, using the J = 1–0 rotational transition of HN13C, H15NC, H13CN, and HC15N.

Results. The results found in the outer Galaxy have been combined with previous measurements obtained in the inner Galaxy. We find an overall linear decreasing H13CN/HC15N ratio with increasing RGC. This translates to a parabolic 14N/15N ratio with a peak at 11 kpc. Updated Galactic chemical evolution models have been taken into account and compared with the observations. The parabolic trend of the 14N/15N ratio with RGC can be naturally explained (i) by a model that assumes novae as the main 15N producers on long timescales (≥1 Gyr) and (ii) by updated stellar yields for low- and intermediate-mass stars.
ROBBE – Robot-aided processing of assemblies during the dismantling of nuclear power plants
Authors: Santos Pedro , Recknagel Jörg , Knuth Martin , Steinbacher Klaus , Ritz Martin , Wassmann Burkhard , Fellner Dieter
Published: September 2022

For a successful decommissioning and dismantling of an NPP (Nuclear Power Plant), correct and controlled processing of all components is necessary, whereby a large part of the work relates to coated (mainly painted) steel components, which make up a significant proportion of the total inventory of the power plant to be processed. The contamination of these components is reduced by removing the surface coating using UHP (Ultra-High-Pressure) water jet blasting technology. Thus, the decontaminated material is released to be recycled conventionally after receiving clearance in accordance with Chap. 3 StrlSchV (German Federal Law Gazette 2018 No. 41: StrlSchV, 2018). The manual processing of these individual parts is cost-intensive, so that an autonomous, automated solution is more economical while increasing throughput at repeatable high quality. ROBBE aims at implementing a robot-assisted, automated and autonomous decoating procedure of component groups using UHP water jet blasting technology and implements it ata German NPP in Biblis on an industrial, productive scale.
Decline in the number and size of populations of two Lymnaeidae living in central France over the last decade
Authors: Vignoles Philippe , Dreyfuss Gilles , Rondelaud Daniel
Published: September 2022

Field investigations in 2013–2014 on acid soils and in 2016–2017 on sedimentary soils showed that populations of two lymnaeids had decreased in number in central France since 1998. As several heat waves occurred in this region in 2018, 2019 and 2020, it was useful to check whether this decline had further increased in recent years. Surveys in 56 farms in the north-west and west of the Haute Vienne department (acid soils) and 37 farms in the south of Indre (sedimentary soils) were therefore carried out in 2020 and 2021 and the results obtained were compared with those recorded by our team in the same farms in 2013–2014 and 2016–2017. On acid soils, the overall number of populations decreased by 34.7% forGalba truncatula(out of 813 populations in 2013–2014) and 22% forOmphiscola glabra(out of 550), while it decreased by 25% forG. truncatula(out of 361 in 2016–2017) and 15.2% forO. glabra(out of 205) on sedimentary soils. Similarly, the overall density of overwintering snails significantly decreased by 80.7% forG. truncatulaand 70.2% forO. glabraon acid soils, while it significantly decreased by 64.1% and 38.3%, respectively, on sedimentarym soils. In both cases, these decreases were more marked on acid soils than on sedimentary soils. In contrast, the habitats ofG. truncatulaand most of those colonized byO. glabrashowed no significant variation in their area between the two periods of study. The decline in the number of these lymnaeid populations, observed since 1998, is still continuing today in central France and may be due in part to heatwave episodes s that occurred in 2018, 2019 and 2020 in this region.
Oral potentially malignant disorders: advice on management in primary care
Authors: Eccles Katherine , Carey Barbara , Cook Richard , Escudier Michael , Diniz-Freitas Marcio , Limeres-Posse Jacobo , Monteiro Luis , Silva Luis , Fricain Jean-Cristophe , Catros Sylvain , Lodi Giovanni , Lombardi Niccolò , Brailo Vlaho , Brzak Bozana Loncar , Ariyaratnam Raj , Albuquerque Rui
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The diagnosis of and risks associated with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) have been widely reported, but little has been published on the management of OPMDs in a primary dental care setting. Hospital services face ongoing pressures due to long-term follow-up, with a need for surveillance to be jointly undertaken with primary dental care clinicians. In a primary care setting, identification and surveillance of OPMDs can be challenging as no universal guidance exists on recommended recall intervals. Corpus: In this article, an update on OPMDs is provided and, based on the practices of six Oral Medicine units in Europe (London (United Kingdom), Milan (Italy), Bordeaux (France), Porto (Portugal), Zagreb (Croatia) and Santiago de Compostela (Spain)), aiming to provide guidance on monitoring in a primary care setting in Europe. Conclusion: Oral medicine clinicians can provide guidance to general dental practitioners (GDPs) on recommended recall intervals. It is important that they feel confident in monitoring these conditions and, when concerned, to arrange referral to a hospital or appropriate specialist. GDPs should document descriptions of lesions and, if possible, take clinical photographs. Patients should be counselled on modifiable lifestyle factors and directed to oral medicine society websites to access patient information leaflets.
A bi-objective integrated transportation and inventory management under a supply chain network considering multiple distribution networks
Authors: Gupta Srikant , Vijaygargy Lokesh , Sarkar Biswajit
Published: September 2022

In order to respond to the customer’s needs effectively and efficiently, logistics is characterized as a part of the supply chain that executes and handles forward and reverse movement and storage of products, services, and related data. An efficient logistic network is needed for the supply chain that executes forward and reverses products’ movement. This study resolves the supply chain network’s logistic problem to determine the appropriate order allocation of products from multiple plants, warehouses, and distributors to minimize total transportation and inventory costs by simultaneously determining optimal locations, flows, shipment composition, and shipment cycle times. The multi-objective logistic cost minimizes through the value function approach for obtaining the optimal order allocation. An actual data-based case study has been applied to examine the effectiveness of the multi-objective supply chain network. These results are very relevant for the manufacturing sectors, particularly those facing the logistics issue in the supply chain network. The findings indicate the optimal logistic costs. The results enable managers to cope with various types of logistics risks.
Chronischer Reizhusten in der osteopathischen Praxis
Authors: Funke Pirkko
Published: September 2022

Chronischer Reizhusten ist ein Krankheitsbild, das Betroffene oft nicht nur
körperlich anstrengt, sondern auch soziale Auswirkungen haben kann. Oft
kommt es im Rahmen einer Erkältung zu Reizhusten, der dann ohne weitere
Behandlung zeitnah wieder ausheilt. In manchen Fällen jedoch hat der
Reizhusten andere Gründe und kann sich chronifizieren oder rezidivierend
auftreten [1].
Andrew Taylor Still lebt: Ent-wicklungslinien der osteopathischen
Forschung und Lehre
Authors: Levin Peter
Published: September 2022

Gibt es eine bessere Art und Weise, Stills Gründungsimpuls
wertschätzend aufzunehmen, als auch nach 130 Jahren die osteopathische
Lehre weiterzuentwickeln? Im Folgenden werden daher 9 Entwicklungslinien der
osteopathischen Forschung und Lehre skizziert, in denen die konzeptionellen
Errungenschaften der letzten Jahre und die aktuellen Forschungsfragen erkennbar
sind.
Traumasensible Vorgehensweise in der osteopathischen
Praxis
Authors: Heuer Irene , Tann Matthias
Published: September 2022

Die Osteopathie hat den ganzen Menschen mit seinen Selbstheilungskräften
im Blick. Deshalb könnte es osteopathischen Therapeuten leichter fallen,
bei somatischen Beschwerden auch andere Ursachen in den Blick zu nehmen. Mit
diesem Artikel wollen wir eine Sensibilität dafür schaffen, dass
somatische Symptome auch eine psychoemotionale Ursache haben können.
Wenn sich diese Vermutung bestätigt, könnte es sich um eine
Traumafolgestörung handeln.
Risk of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Selected Subgroups of Men: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Albertsen Ida Ehlers , Konstantinides Stavros V. , Piazza Gregory , Goldhaber Samuel Z. , Larsen Torben Bjerregaard , Søgaard Mette , Nielsen Peter Brønnum
Published: September 2022

Background Although men are considered at high risk for recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE), sex-specific data on prognostic factors are lacking. We estimated the cumulative recurrence risks associated with clinical characteristics and comorbidities known or suspected to be associated with the development of VTE recurrence: major surgery, trauma, history of cancer, rheumatic disorder, ischemic heart disease, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, chronic renal disease, varicose veins, alcohol-related diseases, and arterial hypertension.

Methods We linked nationwide Danish health registries to identify all incident VTE in- and outpatients in men from 2008 through 2018. Recurrent VTE risk 2 years after anticoagulant discontinuation was calculated using the Aalen-Johansen estimator, stratified by age above/below 50 years.

Results The study included 13,932 men with VTE, of whom 21% (n = 2,898) were aged <50 years. For men aged <50 years with at least one of the clinical characteristics, 2-year recurrence risk ranged from 6% (major surgery) to 16% (history of cancer). For men ≥50 years with at least one of the characteristics, recurrence risk ranged from 7% (major surgery) to 12% (ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic renal disease). Men aged <50 and ≥50 years without the clinical characteristics all had a recurrence risk of 10%.

Discussion We demonstrated a 2-year recurrence risk of at least 6%, regardless of age category and disease status, in this nationwide cohort of men with VTE. The recurrence risk must be balanced against bleeding risk. However, the high recurrence risk across all subgroups might ultimately lead to greater emphasis on male sex in future guidelines focusing on optimized secondary VTE prevention.
Malignant Ocular Melanoma with Intradural Cervical Metastasis: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Mazzo Felipe Antonio Torres , De Lucca Maria Eduarda Turczyn , Alencar Guilherme dos Santos de , Munhos Sue Hellen de Oliveira , Jaouhari Eduardo Talib Bacchi , Morais Rodrigo Leite de , Barcelos Carlos Eliseu , Torres Rosângela Stadnick Lauth de Almeida
Published: September 2022

Introduction The occurrence of malignant ocular melanomas is uncommon, and the association of these tumors with intradural extramedullary metastases in the cervical spine is exceptionally rare.

Case Report A 62-year-old woman undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy after surgical treatment for malignant ocular melanoma begins to experience vertigo and headache. The condition evolved with walking difficulty and neck pain that was exacerbated by swallowing and mobilizing the neck. During her ocular melanoma follow-up, lesions suggestive of metastasis in the central nervous system were not evidenced until this moment. The physical examination did not show significant findings, and a cranial computed tomography scan was performed. The image showed a hyperdense lesion with postcontrast enhancement inside the vertebral canal, at the level of C1-C2. Spinal decompression and subtotal resection were performed. The anatomopathological report revealed intradural metastasis of a malignant ocular melanoma. The postoperative period was uneventful, with significant pain improvement and no recurrences.

Conclusion Intradural extramedullary metastases are rare presentations of malignant ocular melanoma. In addition, less than ten similar cases have been reported in the literature. When caring for a patient with melanoma and neurological deficits, always consider evaluating central nervous system metastases. To evaluate this patient, a sensible and detailed neurological exam is extremely important to recognize the location of the deficits and guide the best approach, such as an indication for surgery.
Giant Temporal Bone Angiosarcoma: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Finger Guilherme , Godoy Bruno Loyola , Silva Bruna Koeche da , Pessôa Carolina Fittipaldi , Souto Antonio Aversa do
Published: September 2022

The authors describe a very rare case of an angiosarcoma originating from the petrous portion of the temporal bone that evolved as an indolent lesion until it became a giant retroauricular mass. A biopsy demonstrated that it was an angiosarcoma. A presurgical embolization from the left occipital and left parietal branches of the left middle meningeal artery was performed, followed by a total resection of the tumor. The patient developed a transient dysphasia during early follow-up, from which, subsequently, she fully recovered. There were no signs of recurrence in the current 3 years of follow-up. Free margins can be achieved even in some giant tumors and remain the most important prognostic factor for soft tissue malignant tumors with intracranial infiltration.
Current Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Patel Akash H. , Natarajan Balaji , Pai Ramdas G.
Published: September 2022

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) encompasses nearly half of heart failure (HF) worldwide, and still remains a poor prognostic indicator. It commonly coexists in patients with vascular disease and needs to be recognized and managed appropriately to reduce morbidity and mortality. Due to the heterogeneity of HFpEF as a disease process, targeted pharmacotherapy to this date has not shown a survival benefit among this population. This article serves as a comprehensive historical review focusing on the management of HFpEF by reviewing past, present, and future randomized controlled trials that attempt to uncover a therapeutic value. With a paradigm shift in the pathophysiology of HFpEF as an inflammatory, neurohormonal, and interstitial process, a phenotypic approach has increased in popularity focusing on the treatment of HFpEF as a systemic disease. This article also addresses common comorbidities associated with HFpEF as well as current and ongoing clinical trials looking to further elucidate such links.
Pathophysiology and Management of Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Shah Ishan K. , Merfeld John M. , Chun Jimy , Tak Tahir
Published: September 2022

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is one of the most common etiologies of cardiovascular mortality. It could be linked to several risk factors including advanced age. The pathogenesis of PE is dictated by the Virchow's triad that includes venous stasis, endothelial injury, and a hypercoagulable state. The diagnosis of PE is difficult and is often missed due to the nonspecific symptomatology. Hypoxia is common in the setting of PE, and the degree of respiratory compromise is multifactorial and influenced by underlying cardiac function, clot location, and ability to compensate with respiratory mechanics. Right ventricular dysfunction/failure is the more profound cardiovascular impact of acute PE and occurs due to sudden increase in afterload. This is also the primary cause of death in PE. High clinical suspicion is required in those with risk factors and presenting signs or symptoms of venous thromboembolic disease, with validated clinical risk scores such as the Wells, Geneva, and pulmonary embolism rule out criteria in estimating the likelihood for PE. Advancement in capture time and wider availability of computed tomographic pulmonary angiography and D-dimer testing have further facilitated the rapid evaluation and diagnosis of suspected PE. Treatment is dependent on clinical presentation and initially involves providing adequate oxygenation and stabilizing hemodynamics. Anticoagulant therapy is indicated for the treatment of PE. Treatment is guided by presence or absence of shock and ranges from therapeutic anticoagulation to pharmacologic versus mechanical thrombectomy. The prognosis of patients can vary considerably depending on the cardiac and pulmonary status of patient and the size of the embolus.
Multidisciplinary Treatment of Persistent Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Spinal Hardware Infection with a Pedicled Superior Gluteal Artery Perforator Flap
Authors: Tuano Krystle R. , Yang Jerry H. , Kleck Christopher J. , Mathes David W. , Chong Tae W.
Published: September 2022

Nontuberculous mycobacterial hardware infections are extremely challenging to treat. Multidisciplinary care involving removal of infected hardware, thorough debridement, and durable soft tissue coverage in conjunction with antibiotic therapy is essential for successful management. This case report presents a patient with chronic mycobacterial spinal hardware infection that underwent successful treatment with aggressive serial debridements and reconstruction with a large pedicled superior gluteal artery perforator flap coverage.
Effects of Femoral Component Design on the Deepest Point Position of the Trochlear Grove in Kinematically Aligned Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Comparison of Four Prothesis Designs
Authors: Takashima Yoshinori , Nakano Naoki , Ishida Kazunari , Kamenaga Tomoyuki , Tsubosaka Masanori , Kuroda Yuichi , Hayashi Shinya , Kuroda Ryosuke , Matsumoto Tomoyuki
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study is to explore and compare the differences in trochlear shape and knee anatomy between four types of prostheses and preoperative native knee matched with preoperative computed tomography (CT). Thirty patients were scheduled for primary kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for varus knee osteoarthritis at our hospital and the region between their pelvis to ankle joint was simulated using a CT-based three-dimensional planning software. The axial plane containing the transepicondylar axis was set as Slice A, and the 10-mm distal plane from Slice A was set as Slice B. The distances to the deepest trochlear groove between the native knee and each prosthesis and the medial and lateral facet heights were compared among the four groups. The deepest femoral trochlear groove of the prostheses was located 1.6 to 3.0 mm more medial than that of the native knee, and in the Persona group, it was significantly more medial than in the e-motion or Triathlon groups on both Slices A and B. The native knee and the medial and lateral facet heights of the four prostheses on both Slices A and B were significantly lower than those of preoperative native knees when femoral prostheses were set in the kinematically aligned (KA)-TKA position. The deepest point of the trochlear groove of the Persona group was the most medial among the four prostheses studied, and the deepest points differed depending on the prosthesis design in KA-TKA. Thus, surgeons should carefully select the type of prostheses used in KA-TKA.
COVID-19 confines recreational gatherings in Seoul to familiar, less crowded, and neighboring urban areas
Authors: Yoon Jisung , Jung Woo-Sung , Kim Hyunuk
Published: September 2022

Recreational gatherings are sources of the spread of infectious diseases. Understanding the dynamics of recreational gatherings is essential to building effective public health policies but challenging as the interaction between people and recreational places is complex. Recreational activities are concentrated in a set of urban areas and establish a recreational hierarchy. In this hierarchy, higher-level regions attract more people than lower-level regions for recreational purposes. Here, using customers’ motel booking records which are highly associated with recreational activities in Korea, we identify that recreational hierarchy, geographical distance, and attachment to a location are crucial factors of recreational gatherings in Seoul, Republic of Korea. Our analyses show that after the COVID-19 outbreak, people are more likely to visit familiar recreational places, avoid the highest level of the recreational hierarchy, and travel close distances. Interestingly, the recreational visitations were reduced not only in the highest but also in low-level regions. Urban areas at low levels of the recreational hierarchy were more severely affected by COVID-19 than urban areas at high and middle levels of the recreational hierarchy.
Complex pattern transmission through multimode fiber under diverse light sources
Authors: Wang Lele , Qi Tiancheng , Liu Zhoutian , Meng Yuan , Li Dan , Yan Ping , Gong Mali , Xiao Qirong
Published: September 2022

Multimode fibers with high information capacity and ultra-thin diameter offer new possibilities for non-invasive endoscopy and remote high-speed secure communication. However, due to their sensitivity, special demands are thus raised on the light sources, which act as both lighting and information carrier. We build a single-arm multimode fiber image transmission system. The impact of five different sources on transmission quality is systematically compared and analyzed. High-quality transmission of complex grayscale patterns is achieved with inverse transmission matrix. The measured structural similarity exceeds 0.65. Experimental results indicate that random fiber laser with high time–domain stability is suitable for single-fiber imaging. This work is conducive to further study of fiber imaging and provides guidance for novel fiber communication and flexible endoscopy.
Protective effects of pre-treatment with exogenous porcine glucagon-like peptide-2 and its microspheres of piglets with lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal inflammation
Authors: Wu Jie , Qi Keke , Xu Ziwei
Published: September 2022

Context Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is an intestinotrophic growth hormone that can accelerate intestinal development and recovery from injury. However, the half-life of GLP-2 is short, thus it must be administered frequently. Moreover, its effects during weaning are unclear. Aims We tested the effects of porcine GLP-2 (pGLP-2) and pGLP-2 microspheres on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced intestinal inflammation in weaning piglets. Methods Eighteen female weaning piglets aged 21 days (5.38 ± 0.72 kg initial bodyweight) were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: (1) control, (2) GLP-2, and (3) GLP-2 microsphere (MS) group. Control piglets were injected intraperitoneally with 3 mL of saline solution from Days 1 to 7, GLP-2 piglets were injected intraperitoneally with 100 μg pGLP-2/kg bodyweight from Days 1 to 7, and MS piglets were injected intraperitoneally with 200 mg GLP-2 microspheres on Day 1 and with 3 mL saline solution from Days 2 to 7. On Day 8, all piglets were injected with 100 μg LPS/kg bodyweight. Key results Piglets in the GLP-2 and MS groups showed markedly increased average daily weight gain on Day 7, decreased serum myeloperoxidase, LPS and keratinocyte growth factor levels, and increased serum interleukin-10 levels compared with the control group. In addition, the GLP-2 group showed decreased myeloperoxidase content in the duodenum and ileum, and reduced caspase-3 activity in the duodenum and jejunum, whereas MS piglets showed decreased myeloperoxidase levels and suppressed caspase-3 activity in the duodenum and jejunum. Moreover, administration of pGLP-2 or pGLP-2 microspheres resulted in decreased interleukin-8 and interferon-γ mRNA expression levels in the jejunum, as compared with the control group. Conclusions Our results indicated that pGLP-2 promotes growth, and ameliorates LPS-induced serum and intestinal inflammatory responses in piglets. Furthermore, pGLP-2 microspheres can achieve similar therapeutic effects as pGLP-2 under the premise of fewer injections. Implications pGLP-2 microspheres have considerable potential for the treatment of weaning-induced intestinal inflammation in piglets.
Report on comparison EURAMET.M.M-S10 (comparison of sub-multiples of the kilogram)
Authors: Grgić G , Bošković Begenišić T , Bezjak M , Ališić Š , Bulku D , Snopko L
Published: September 2022

Main text

In order to demonstrate the equivalence in calibration of sub-multiples of the kilogram (200 g, 20 g, 2g, 200 mg), a supplementary comparison has been carried out by 6 members of EURAMET. The overall result shows a good agreement among participants with two discrepant results at 200 g and one for 2 g.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Additive manufactured cardiovascular scaffold integrated with SU-8 based wireless pressure sensor
Authors: Sun Gang-hyeon , Kim Dong-Su , Shanmugasundaram Arunkumar , Lee Dong-Weon
Published: September 2022

Herein, we proposed a SU-8 based wireless pressure sensor integrated with a polycaprolactone (PCL) based bioresorbable scaffold (BRS) for the detection of biological cues. The PCL-based BRS and pressure sensor are fabricated using a custom-designed additive manufacturing method and a modified photolithography technique. Firstly, we optimized the additive manufacturing fabrication parameters to realize the highly reliable scaffold with uniform strut width and thickness. Then, utilizing the optimized additive manufacturing conditions, we fabricated three distinct types of scaffolds, namely scaffold A, scaffold B, and scaffold C, each with a unique architecture. The preliminary characteristics of the fabricated scaffolds demonstrated that the scaffold A architecture exhibited superior properties, including 0.048 N mm−1 radial force, 1.64% foreshortening, and 14.1% recoil compared to the scaffolds B and C. The Inductor-Capacitor (LC)-pressure sensor is integrated into the PCL-based BRS using a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol adhesive layer. The reliability of the fabricated LC-pressure sensor is confirmed by measuring its change capacitance and resonance frequency at different applied pressures. The proposed LC-pressure sensor integrated PCL-based BRS is evaluated in a pressure range of 0–280 mmHg. The resonant frequency of the fabricated smart scaffold changed linearly according to the pressure change indicating the high reliability of the proposed smart scaffold. We anticipate that the proposed pressure sensor integrated with the biodegradable PCL-based BRS would be used for biomedical applications owing to their facile fabrication process and excellent sensitivity.
Accurate predictions from small boxes: variance suppression via the Zel'dovich approximation
Authors: Kokron Nickolas , Chen Shi-Fan , White Martin , DeRose Joseph , Maus Mark
Published: September 2022

Simulations have become an indispensable tool for accurate modelling of observables measured in galaxy surveys, but can be expensive if very large dynamic range in scale is required. We describe how to combine Lagrangian perturbation theory models with N-body simulations to reduce the effects of finite computational volume in the prediction of ensemble average properties in the simulations within the context of control variates. In particular we use the fact that Zel'dovich displacements, computed during initial condition generation for any simulation, correlate strongly with the final density field. Since all the correlators of biased tracers can be computed with arbitrary precision for these displacements, pairing the Zel'dovich `simulation' with the N-body realization allows hundredfold reductions in sample variance for power spectrum or correlation function estimation. Zel'dovich control variates can accurately extend matter or tracer field emulators to larger scales than previously possible, as well as improving measurements of statistics in simulations which are inherently limited to small volumes, such as hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation and reionization.
Blue phosphorene/MoSi2N4 van der Waals type-II heterostructure: Highly efficient bifunctional materials for photocatalytics and photovoltaics
Authors: Li Xiaohua , Wang Baoji , Ke Sanhuang
Published: September 2022

Converting solar energy into electric power or hydrogen fuel is a promising means to obtain renewable green energy. Here, we design a two-dimensional blue phosphorene (BlueP)/MoSi2N4 van der Waals heterostructure (vdWH) and investigate its potential application in photocatalysis and photovoltaics using first-principles calculations. We find that the BlueP/MoSi2N4 vdWH possesses type-II band structure with a large build-in electric field, thus endowing it with a potential ability to separate photogenerated electron–hole pairs. The calculated band-edge positions show that the heterostructure is a very promising water-splitting photocatalyst. Its solar-to-hydrogen efficiency (η
STH) can reach up to 15.8%, which is quite promising for commercial applications. Furthermore, the BlueP/MoSi2N4 vdWH shows remarkably light absorption capacity and distinguished maximum power conversion efficiency (η
PCE) up to 10.61%. Remarkably, its η
PCE can be further enhanced by the external strain: the η
PCE of 21.20% can be obtained under a 4% tensile strain. Finally, we determine that adjusting the number of the BlueP sublayer is another effective method to modulate the band gaps and band alignments of the heterostructures. These theoretical findings indicate that BlueP/MoSi2N4 vdWH is a promising candidate for photocatalyst and photovoltaic device.
Anisotropicity and flexibility in trilayered microfibrous substrates promote heart valve leaflet tissue engineering
Authors: Snyder Yuriy , Jana Soumen
Published: September 2022

Heart valve leaflet substrates with native trilayer and anisotropic structures are crucial for successful heart valve tissue engineering. In this study, we used the electrospinning technique to produce trilayer microfibrous leaflet substrates using two biocompatible and biodegradable polymers—poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL), separately. Different polymer concentrations for each layer were applied to bring a high degree of mechanical and structural anisotropy to the substrates. PCL leaflet substrates exhibited lower unidirectional tensile properties than PLLA leaflet substrates. However, the PLLA substrates exhibited a lower flexural modulus than the PCL substrates. These substrates were seeded with porcine valvular interstitial cells (PVICs) and cultured for one month in static conditions. Both substrates exhibited cellular adhesion and proliferation, resulting in the production of tissue-engineered constructs. The PLLA tissue-engineered constructs had more cellular growth than the PCL tissue-engineered constructs. The PLLA substrates showed higher hydrophilicity, lower crystallinity, and more significant anisotropy than PCL substrates, which may have enhanced their interactions with PVICs. Analysis of gene expression showed higher α-smooth muscle actin and collagen type 1 expression in PLLA tissue-engineered constructs than in PCL tissue-engineered constructs. The differences in anisotropic and flexural properties may have accounted for the different cellular behaviors in these two individual polymer substrates.
The Design of Ship Operation Cost Estimation Simulator Uses a Case Study of The Bung Tomo Trainer Ship
Authors: Widyaningsih U , Sutoyo  , Yuda A A N P , Mirianto A , Zuhri Z , Harini N V
Published: September 2022

Calculation of ship operating costs is the main element in determining tariffs, since determining the high and low rates is very important in the shipping business. In other words, determining the right ship operating costs is the key to the success of the shipping business. Vessel operating costs are determined by direct and indirect operational costs. Direct operational costs include capital costs, insurance costs, insurance premiums, crew costs, fuel costs, lubricant costs, grease costs, fresh water costs, port costs and Repair, Maintenance, Supply (RMS) costs. The indirect operational costs include branch office costs and admin costs. Calculation of ship operating costs can actually be done manually, but it will take a lot of time. So, we need a way to calculate the operational costs of ships that are easy and efficient. In this study we developed an application to calculate ship operating costs. Then we call this application a simulator. From the simulations carried out, the results obtained that the results of calculations using the simulator are the same as the results of manual calculations, namely the total cost in rupiah. The advantage of this simulator is that it saves calculation time, so that the results obtained are easier and more efficient. In addition, the appearance of the simulator is very good in accordance with the demands of the digitalization of sea transportation and this simulator can be used by all groups because it is easy to operate.
Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing in Indonesia: Problems and Solutions
Authors: Leonardo Adam , Deeb Nowar
Published: September 2022

Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing is one of seven major threats to global maritime security listed by the United Nations. IUU fishing can be caused by economic factors, social factors, institutional factors, and organized IUU fishing operations. This review article discusses the topic of IUU fishing in Indonesia, as well as remedies to the problem that have been previously investigated and potentially can be applied in Indonesia. IUU fishing can result in economic losses, environmental degradation, and economic loss for coastal communities, as well as a reduction in fish stocks. Indonesia has vast marine resources, and making better use of them can boost the country’s economic progress. IUU fishing is still happening in Indonesia and it caused an economic loss. According to reports, IUU fishing caused Indonesia to lose up to IDR 101 trillion annually. Therefore, appropriate strategies are needed. For this reason, the government has given IUU fishing a high priority for resolution. As it is critical to resolving the IUU fishing issue. It can be inferred that, in terms of combating IUU fishing, there are three critical aspects to consider. They are law and regulation, social and government cooperation, and technology investment, especially in monitoring, control, and surveillance.