bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reactivity of Polymers on Exposure to Nitrogen Dioxide
Authors:   N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences 4 Kosygin str., 119334 Moscow, Russia, Davydov Evgeny , Gaponova Irina ,   N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences 4 Kosygin str., 119334 Moscow, Russia, Pariiskii Georgy ,   N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences 4 Kosygin str., 119334 Moscow, Russia, Pokholok Tatyana ,   N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences 4 Kosygin str., 119334 Moscow, Russia, Zaikov Gennady ,   N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences 4 Kosygin str., 119334 Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2020

The mechanism of reactions of nitrogen dioxide with polymers of different classes is considered. In reactions with carbon-chain polymers at 298 K, nitrogen dioxide can only add to extrinsic double bonds that are formed in the synthesis of the polymers. The mechanism of reactions of nitrogen dioxide with polymers of different classes is considered. In reactions with carbon-chain polymers at 298 K, nitrogen dioxide can only add to extrinsic double bonds that are formed in the synthesis of the polymers. These reactions resulted in dinitro compounds and nitro nitrites. At elevated temperatures, carbonyl and hydroxyl groups are formed in these polymers along with nitration products. Active participants of NO2 reactions with rubbers are double bonds converting into nitroalkyl and alkyl radicals initiating then free radical conversions of these polymers. Polymers containing amide, urethane and imide groups are rather sensitive to NO2. These materials undergo essential changes in the chemical structure with formation of stable nitrogen-containing radicals. The reactions of nitrogen dioxide provide a simple method of the spin-labeled polymer preparation.
Photocatalytic Oxidation of Formaldehyde Vapour Using Amorphous Titanium Dioxide
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of the Chemical Engineering, 8 Gagarin Av., 49005 Dniepropetrovsk, Ukraine, Nikolenko Anastasiya , Melnykov Boris ,   Ukrainian State University of the Chemical Engineering, 8 Gagarin Av., 49005 Dniepropetrovsk, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The gas-phase photocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde over illuminated amorphous titanium dioxide was investigated using a model flow reactor with the following experimental conditions: 0.1–0.5 l/min flow rate and an organic compound concentration range of 0.006–0.082 mol/m3. Mathematical model of the process which includes two sequential stages: formation of formic acid and its subsequent oxidation to CO2 was offered. It was found that when the amount of TiO2 on carrying agent (anodized titanium) is 3.6 mg/cm2, the intensity of UV lamp is 18 W and the catalyst temperature is 293 K, values of observed rate constants are equal to 6.5.10−3 s−1 for the first stage and 1.10−2 s−1 for the second stage of oxidation. The apparent activation energy of photocatalytic oxidation process of formaldehyde vapour for temperature interval 293 – 323 K is 20.2 kJ/mol.
Popularization of commercial Internet resources with use of social media
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Basyuk Taras , Vasyluk Andrii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National Univers
Published: December 2020

A methodological basis for building a decision support system for the promotion of commercial online resources using social media technologies was developed by the authors in the article. An analysis of the features of search engine promotion using social networking technologies and services has been carried out, which revealed that, currently, the implementation of the latter requires the use of new approaches to promotion. An analysis of SMOs and SMMs promoted models was carried out, which allowed us to identify the main factors that are used to promote commercial online resources. In accordance with SMM the brand community metric (defined by both community engagement and content relevance timelines to increase relevance); blogosphere metric (a collection of blogs that cover information about a commercial online resource); indicator of reputation management of the company (brand); personal branding metric (the aggregate of information generated by the company and stakeholders) are defined and mathematically described among them. The SMO model involves working with the internal structure and elements of the interface and incorporates the following principles: creating accessible and readable content; adding relevant information to the needs of the target audience; usability (usability); adding multimedia elements (widgets). The work resulted in the development of an algorithm for promoting commercial Internet resources that uses passive and active promotion strategies. The passive strategy includes the following steps: concept building and competitor analysis, filling the group with relevant information, conducting personal branding, promoting thematic media, attracting a target audience, estimating the number of conversions to a commercial resource. An active strategy is used to increase the number of visitors and consists of creating their own information sites, promoting multimedia elements and collaborating with related resources.
Sustentabilidad de agroecosistemas de milpa en La Trinidad Ixtlán, Oaxaca
Authors: Martínez Pérez Dulce Yaneth , Sánchez Escudero Julio , Rodríguez Mendoza María de las Nieves , Astier Calderón Marta
Published: December 2020

La milpa, asociación integrada por maíz (Zea mays L.), frijol (Phaseolus spp.) y calabaza (Cucurbita spp.), es el sistema de producción de alimentos más importante para el autoabasto de las familias que viven en zonas rurales de México. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la sustentabilidad de agroecosistemas de milpa en una comunidad de la Sierra Norte de Oaxaca. La evaluación se realizó en 12 parcelas de milpa, divididas en dos grupos de contraste por sus prácticas de manejo, y sus respectivas unidades familiares. Con base en la metodología Marco para la Evaluación de Sistemas de Manejo de Recursos Naturales Incorporando Indicadores de Sustentabilidad (MESMIS) se seleccionaron 15 indicadores de sustentabilidad que se midieron a través de una encuesta, principalmente. Los agroecosistemas se reagruparon mediante un análisis multivariado realizado con la paquetería Rcmdr del software libre R. Los indicadores se transformaron a una escala estandarizada de 0 a 100 mediante el método de intervalo de referencia. El análisis multivariado reclasificó a los agroecosistemas en tres conglomerados, que se diferenciaron principalmente por el indicador relación beneficio-costo neta, y distinguió dos casos atípicos. Los elementos que le dotan de mayor sustentabilidad a los agroecosistemas evaluados son la biodiversidad agrícola y circundante, el contenido de materia orgánica del suelo, y la baja dependencia de insumos químicos y apoyos gubernamentales. No obstante, la sustentabilidad de estos sistemas se ve amenazada por la variabilidad climática y por la incertidumbre del relevo generacional.
¿La combinación de clones posee alguna ventaja sobre los sistemas monoclonales?
Authors: Bonnin Sebastián M. , Faustino Laura I. , Alvarez Javier A. , Graciano Corina
Published: December 2020

Las plantaciones forestales han sido tradicionalmente desarrolladas a partir de material de propagación de origen seminal. Sin embargo, las principales especies plantadas en el mundo se pueden propagar vegetativamente, por lo que las posibilidades para el desarrollo de la silvicultura clonal son crecientes. El cultivo de Salicáceas se realiza con estacas o guías, por lo que las plantaciones son 100% producidas bajo un esquema de silvicultura clonal. Además, en el Delta del Río Paraná los rodales se instalan como bloques monoclonales y el clon Populus deltoides ‘Australiano 129/60’ es el más difundido, definiendo una matriz productiva con una estrecha diversidad genética. Esto determina que el sistema sea menos estable y trae aparejado un riesgo productivo ante la aparición de condiciones de estrés biótico o abiótico. En consecuencia, el modelo de silvicultura monoclonal presenta algunas desventajas no solo desde el punto de vista ecológico, sino también productivo. A partir de la posibilidad que brindan las especies forestales, que presentan una gran variabilidad tanto intra como interespecífica, es posible pensar en combinación de clones para aumentar la diversidad genética de las plantaciones. Las plantaciones clonales mixtas pueden favorecer a la disminución de los impactos de las actividades productivas en el ambiente, distribuir espacialmente la demanda de nutrientes del suelo, aumentar la diversidad genética y mejorar los índices de rendimiento del rodal. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar los antecedentes de silvicultura clonal y plantaciones mixtas como base para la propuesta de alternativas silviculturales para las Salicáceas del Delta del Paraná.
Doses de nitrogênio na forrageira consorciada com milho sob efeito residual da co-inoculação na cultura da soja
Authors: Teixeira Ferreira Cândido Aureane Cristina , de Carvalho Marco Antônio Camillo , Felito Ricardo Adriano , Matsue Yamashita Oscar
Published: December 2020

Produtos a base de Azospirillum brasilense são preconizados para co-inoculação na cultua da soja, juntamente com Bradyrhizobium, podendo apresentar efeito residual para as culturas subsequentes. Objetivou-se verificar a resposta da forrageira em relação ao efeito residual da inoculação e co-inoculação na cultura da soja, juntamente com a aplicação de doses de nitrogênio em cobertura no consórcio milho + braquiária. Avaliou-se massa seca de dois cortes, produção de palhada, relação folha:colmo, índice spad, teor de N e as taxas de recuperação e eficiência de utilização do N. A co-inoculação na cultura da soja proporcionou efeito residual no primeiro corte da forrageira; obtendo-se melhores resultados para massa seca. Para relação folha: colmo, a inoculação apresentou melhor índice. A eficiência de utilização de N pela braquiária (Urochloa ruziziensis) aumentou enquanto que a recuperação do N aplicado, a eficiência agronômica e a eficiência fisiológica diminuíram com o aumento das doses de N aplicadas.
Concentración geográfica y vulnerabilidad climática
Authors: Linari Gabriela , Gazzano Inés , Achkar Marcel
Published: December 2020

El cambio y la variabilidad climática afectará en forma negativa la producción y el acceso a alimentos saludables y diversos. En Uruguay, la fruticultura tiene un fuerte vínculo histórico con la producción de alimentos y la agricultura familiar. El principal destino de la cosecha es el consumo interno como fruta fresca y el 80% de la producción se realiza en predios familiares. La concentración geográfica del cultivo en el sur del país aumenta la exposición a la variabilidad climática y se considera uno de los factores que explican la vulnerabilidad. La producción total en 2013 fue la más baja desde 2005, atribuida a una tormenta de viento y granizo que afectó un 46% del total cultivado. Se analizó la vulnerabilidad climática de la fruticultura en Uruguay mediante la Intensidad de Daño, indicador calculado a partir de las pérdidas en la cosecha, y su relación con la concentración geográfica de la producción. La integración de las Intensidades de Daño en un SIG permitió identificar el patrón de distribución espacial del granizo, coincidente con el área de cultivo. Desde la Agroecología se discute una propuesta de diversificación a escala de paisaje como una estrategia para reducir la vulnerabilidad de la fruticultura en Uruguay, que permita, además, generar procesos de fortalecimiento de la soberanía alimentaria y la agricultura familiar.
Jogo e lúdico no conteúdo lutas em aulas de educação física escolar
Authors: So Marcos Roberto , De Melo Grillo Rogério , Betti Mauro , Prodócimo Elaine
Published: December 2020

O trato pedagógico do conteúdo “lutas” ainda provoca dificuldades e tensões entre professores e alunos. Cabe questionar: quais as relações de sentido, mobilização e atividade dos alunos com os jogos de lutas? O objetivo do presente trabalho é discutir a influência de jogos nas relações de sentido e mobilização no conteúdo lutas na perspectiva dos estudantes. Trata-se de um estudo de caso com uma turma de 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental. Os procedimentos metodológicos foram: (a) observação de aulas do conteúdo “Judô”; (b) entrevistas semiestruturadas com estudantes, antes e após a sequência de aulas. Na observação das aulas, verificou-se que a professora utilizou jogos de lutas, que se mostraram adequadas para minimizar sentimentos de medo, ansiedade e estresse relacionados ao machucar-se na realização da luta. Ademais, a diversão e a ludicidade proporcionada pelos jogos promoveram uma dissociação da luta com a violência e a briga. A imersão e o arrebatamento dos alunos nos jogos de lutas possibilitaram a suspensão de impressões iniciais (luta machuca, é violenta, etc.) estereotipadas em relação às lutas, sobrepujando-os para o mundo de fantasias do jogo. Nesse sentido, os jogos de luta mostram-se essencial para o trabalho pedagógico do conteúdo lutas, sobretudo ao mobilizar a participação de alunos.
Digital Image Steganography Scheme Based on DWT and SVD
Authors: Zaidan Fadhil Kadhim
Published: December 2020

In this work, a grayscale image steganography scheme is proposed using a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD). In this scheme, 2-level DWT is applied to a cover image to obtain the high frequency band HL2 which is utilized to embed a secret grayscale image based on the SVD technique. The robustness and the imperceptibility of the proposed steganography algorithm are controlled by a scaling factor for obtaining an acceptable trade-off between them. Peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM) are used for assessing the efficiency of the proposed approach. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme still holds its validity under different known attacks such as noise addition, filtering, cropping and JPEG compression
On Intertextual Interpretation of Leitmotivs and Images of Lewis Carroll’s Fairy Tales “Alice in Wonderland” and “Through the Looking Glass” in Nabokov’s Novels
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belova Tatiana
Published: December 2020

The paper comprises versatile intertextual connections between Lewis Carroll’s fairy tales (“Alice in Wonderland” and “Through the Looking Glass”) and Nabokov’s novels as regards their system of images, leitmotivs and key-words, similar poetic principles and elements of structure, artistically implemented by Vladimir Nabokov in the text with the purpose of demonstrating the infinite resources of the language as the instrument of creation.
Explore Jordanian mathematics teacher's perception of their professional needs Related to Mathematical Proficiency
Authors: Alzubi Khaled
Published: December 2020

Mathematically proficiency as being described by five strands: conceptual understanding, procedural fluency, strategic competency, adaptive reasoning(National Research Council, 2001), and. The purpose of this study is to Jordanian mathematics teacher's perceptions of their professional needs Related to the Five Strands of Mathematical Proficiency and to search for the effect of teachers' demographic factors on their perceived needs. Participants included (171) teachers with varying qualifications and years of experience teaching at multiple grade levels schools in Jordan. The study uses a 35-item questionnaire to evaluate a teacher's professional development needs within five Strands of Mathematical Proficiency. The results offer more insight into mathematics teachers’ most essential needs in terms of specific knowledge and experience within different categories. This information aids in planning professional development programs and workshops that will meet teachers’ needs
MATEMATIČKO MODELIRANJE BAČKOG DELA HIDROSISTEMA DTD PRIMENOM JEDNODIMENZIONALNOG MODELA HEC-RAS
Authors: Varga Lilla , Budinski Ljubomir
Published: December 2020

Tema ovog rada je matematičko mode­liranje bačkog dela Hidrosistema Dunav-Tisa-Dunav pomoću softverskog paketa HEC-RAS. U radu su data detaljna objašnjenja načina unosa podataka potrebnih za kreiranje šematskog prikaza razmatranih kanalskih mreža, kao i testiranje verodostojnosti i kvaliteta unetih podataka simuliranjem rada kanalske mreže.
ANALIZA RADA I PREDLOG MERA ZA POBOLjŠANjE POSLOVANjA PREDUZEĆA „NIŠ- EKSPRES“
Authors: Minić Mladen
Published: December 2020

Cilj izrade ovog rada jeste da se kroz analizu uoče nedostaci u poslovanju autotransportnog preduzeća „Niš-Ekspres“ i predlože mere za preva­zi­laženje tih problema. Predstavljena je analiza izmeritelja rada, prihoda i troškova dobijenih radom vozila na među­mesnoj autobuskoj liniji Niš-Beograd, kao i anketiranje korisnika staničnih usluga.
ZNAČAJ I FAKTORI PRIMENE DEČIJIH ZAŠTITNIH SISTEMA U VOZILU
Authors: Stojšić Anđela
Published: December 2020

U prvom delu rada definiše se problem saobraćajnih nezgoda dece kao učesnika. Naročito se obraća pažnja na roditeljsku percepciju o samom problemu, o poznavanju zakona o bezbednosti dece u vozilima, kao i primenu istog. U drugom delu su vršene analize efikasnosti i primene teorija zastrašivanja i model zdravstvenog merenja putem anketiranja roditelja.
AUTENTIČNOST GRADA BAČKA PALANKA I PRIMENA NA ARHITEKTURU
Authors: Rakin Milena
Published: December 2020

Ovaj rad se bazira na istraživanju prirodnih i društvenih karakteristika grada, definisanje principa i primenu istih na arhitekturu i enterijer
MOGUĆNOSTI PRIMENE PARAMETARSKOG MODELOVANJA ARHITEKTONSKIH ELEMENATA PRILIKOM REKONSTRUKCIJE POSTOJEĆIH OBJEKATA
Authors: Stefanović Katarina
Published: December 2020

U radu je predstavljena implementacija perforiranih panela na objekte koji su bili rekonstruisani i prostore koji su adaptirani. Takođe rad opisuje i korišćenje Grasshopper-a, plug in-a za program Rhino koji služi za parametasko modelovanje, kao i primenu ovako modelovanih panela u drugim programima za vizualizaciju ali i mogućnosti praktične pimene. Sama implementacija i način primene na praktičnim primerima su takođe detaljnije opisani kako bi se istražile i ispitale mogućnosti koje ovakvo modelovanje pruža.
STRATEŠKA PRIMENA MODELA PRODAJNOG LEVKA U ONLAJN OGLAŠAVANJU
Authors: Savanović Bojana
Published: December 2020

Pojava digitalnih kanala komunikacije očekivano je išla u pravcu razvoja digitalnih načina oglašavanja, digitalnih poroizvoda i onlajn prodaje. Bez obzira da li se radi o oflajn ili onlajn pristupu prodaji, kupci uvek prolaze iste faze od momenta nepoznavanja određenog proizvoda ili usluge do momenta zaključenja kupovine, što ilustruje model prodajnog levka. Problem se javlja u povezivanju efekata oflajn i onlajn oglašavanja kroz prodajni levak. Stoga je predmet ovog rada istraživanje strateške primene prodajnog levka u onlajn oglašavanju. To podrazumeva analizu načina njegovog formiranja u skladu sa ciljevim aktivnosti na digitalnim kanalima, praćenja rezultata i optimizaciju. Dakle cilj je utvrđivanje efekata strateške primene prodajnog levka na digitalnim kanalima u sveukupnim rezultatima prodajnih aktivnosti.
UNAPREĐENJE ONLAJN VIDLJIVOSTI BRENDA „RECHOCOLIZE“
Authors: Surovi Maja
Published: December 2020

Kako se potrošači sve više nalaze na internetu, tradicionalni marketing u velikoj meri ustupa mesto digitalnom marketingu. Kompanije su iskoristile tu sveprisutnost na internetu u proširivanju svesti o svojim brendovima. Da bi se na pravi način komunicirale vred­nosti brenda onlajn, potrebno je pratiti društvene tren­dove i delovati u skladu sa njima. Predmet istraživanja u ovom radu biće onlajn nastup preduzeća “Rechocolize”, sa fokusom na analizu onlajn vidljivosti ovog brenda, kao i upotrebu digitalnih kanala, sadržaj koji objavljuje i način na koji se obraća ciljnoj publici.
ULOGA I ZNAČAJ PROGRAMA I PROJEKATA LOKALNOG EKONOMSKOG RAZVOJA
Authors: Orsić Vukašin
Published: December 2020

Cilj ovog rada jeste isticanje značaja i uticaja programa i projekata lokalnog ekonomskog razvoja na razavoj lokalne zajednice. U teorijskom delu rada definisani su osnovni principi i elementi lokalnog ekonomskog razvoja i faktori koji utiču na isti. U istraživačkom delu rada predstavljena su tri  različita projekta i ispitan je uticaj istih na lokalno ekonomski razvoj u datom području.
PRIMER PRIMENE ISO STANDARDA 14001:2015
Authors: Đurić Jelena
Published: December 2020

Standard ISO 14001 danas je naj­rašireniji međunarodno prihvaćen standard za uprav­ljanje životnom sredinom. Implementacijom ISO 14001 utvrđuje se koji od procesa u kompaniji zagađuju životnu sredinu, određuju se realni ciljevi i uvode se neophodne mere koje podpomažu ostvarenje ciljeva. U radu je opisana procena rizika zagađujućih materija u vazduhu toplovodnih kotlova u JKP „Novosadska toplana”. Cilj rada jeste da se prikažu dobijeni rezulzati analize procene rizika primenom ISO standarda 14001:2015.
Kematangan Shop Drawing Sebagai Penentu Pekerjaan Ulang (Rework) Proyek Konstruksi
Authors: Immanuel Ryan , Yuwono Bambang Endro
Published: December 2020

Construction project implementation mostly faced by rework. Rework couldn’t be avoided and is experienced in a construction world. Rework is defined as all physical work of construction committed more than once or re-work which is done by contractor in the implementation stage, and or an activity to eliminate works that have been done before as a part of construction project out of resource context, where there is no change order and making up the cost from the owner. Rework could give a bad impact to performance, work productivity,and cost directly or indirectly having it has a quite significant consequences. By considering the bad impact obtained has far-reaching consequences, hence efforts to reduce the occurrence of rework in construction project stage is highly needed. This research was conducted to prove the maturity of Shop Drawing as a Determinant of Rework Project Construction of Multilevel Buildings Research carried out by using questionnaires. Respondents at the main survey stage were shown to contractors who were carrying out multistorey construction projects in the DKI Jakarta and surrounding areas. Respondents who filled in theProject Manager questionnaire were 3 people, 7 Site Managers, 5 Supervisors, 6 Quality Controls, 4 Engineering staff. In this study, data analysis techniques are determined using the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method, aiming to determine the dominant factors (ranking) of the factors that cause rework inconstruction work to prove the maturity of Shop Drawing As Determine Project Rework Construction of multistorey buildings. The results of this study indicate that the maturity of shop drawings greatly determines the occurrence of rework in multistorey building projects.
Correlation Between Spiritual Well-being and Quality of Life in Patients With Urinary Incontinence: A Cross-sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: Gülnar Emel , Özveren Hüsna , Yuvanç Ercan
Published: December 2020

Urinary incontinence (UI) increases the risk of medical complications and psychosocial, physical, and emotional problems. PURPOSE: This cross-sectional descriptive study investigated the correlation between spiritual well-being (SWB) and quality of life (QOL) in patients with UI. METHODS: Patients with UI visiting an outpatient urology clinic of a university hospital in Turkey were invited to participate. Data were collected using the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being 12 Item Scale (FACIT-Sp-12) (range 0–48 with higher scores indicating better SWB) and the Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire (I-QOL) (range 0–100 with higher scores indicating better QOL). RESULTS: The sample consisted of 383 patients. Most were female (235; 61%), had completed high school (169; 44%), had experienced UI for an average of 3.54 years (SD 3.44), and were between 21 and 92 years of age (mean 52.7; SD 14). The mean I-QOL score was 65.31 ± 19.71 with subscores ranging from a low of 59.69 for social embarrassment to a high of 71.44 for psychosocial impact. The average FACIT-Sp-12 score was 28.00 ± 6.08. Overall I-QOL and FACIT-Sp-12 scores were weakly positively correlated (r = .235). CONCLUSION: In this study both QOL and SWB scores were good; higher UI-specific QOL scores and some subscores were associated with higher SWB scores and subscores. Incontinence QOL should be determined together with SWB in patients with UI.
Biomedical Cyber-Physical Systems in the Light of Database as a Service (DBaaS) Paradigm
Authors: Estrela Vania V
Published: December 2020

Background: A database (DB) to store indexed information about drug delivery, test, and their temporal behavior is paramount in new Biomedical Cyber-Physical Systems (BCPSs). The term Database as a Service (DBaaS) means that a corporation delivers the hardware, software, and other infrastructure required by companies to operate their databases according to their demands instead of keeping an internal data warehouse.

Methods: BCPSs attributes are presented and discussed.  One needs to retrieve detailed knowledge reliably to make adequate healthcare treatment decisions. Furthermore, these DBs store, organize, manipulate, and retrieve the necessary data from an ocean of Big Data (BD) associated processes. There are Search Query Language (SQL), and NoSQL DBs. 

Results: This work investigates how to retrieve biomedical-related knowledge reliably to make adequate healthcare treatment decisions. Furthermore, Biomedical DBaaSs store, organize, manipulate, and retrieve the necessary data from an ocean of Big Data (BD) associated processes.

Conclusion: A NoSQL DB allows more flexibility with changes while the BCPSs are running, which allows for queries and data handling according to the context and situation. A DBaaS must be adaptive and permit the DB management within an extensive variety of distinctive sources, modalities, dimensionalities, and data handling according to conventional ways.
Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) in Big Histological Image Databases
Authors: Estrela Vania V
Published: December 2020

Background: Automatic analysis of Histopathological Images (HIs) demands image processing and Computational Intelligence (CI) techniques. Both Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) and Content-Based Image-Retrieval (CBIR) systems assist diagnosis, disease discovery, and biological decision-making. Classical tests comprise screening examinations and biopsy. Histopathology slides offer more ample diagnosis data. However, manual examination of microscopic images is labor-intensive and time-consuming and may depend on a subjective assessment by the pathologist, which can be a challenge.

Methods: This work discusses a CBIR framework to extract and handle histological data, histological metadata, integrated patient records, specimen metadata, attributes, and similar stored files. This work presents a scalable image-retrieval framework for intelligent HI analysis with real-time retrieval. The potential applications of this framework include image-guided diagnosis, decision support, healthcare education, and efﬁcient biological data management.

Results: The considerable amount of biological-related data prompted the development and deployment of large-scale databases and data-driven techniques to bridge the semantic gap between images and diagnostic information. The new cloud computing technologies and the concept of cyber-physical systems have improved the CBIR architectures considerably. The proposed scalable architecture relies on CI and validates performance on several HIs acquired from microscopic tissues. Extensive assessments show improvements in terms of disease classiﬁcation and retrieval tests.

Conclusion: This research effort significant contributions are twofold. 1) Defining a  comprehensive and large-scale CBIR framework to analyze HIs with high-dimensional features and CI methods successfully. 2) high-performance updating and optimization strategies improve the querying while better handling new training samples than traditional methods.
EXPERIENCE OF CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF INTERVERTEBRAL DISC HERNIAS WITH CARIFLEX GEL AND CREAM IN AMBULATORY CONDITIONS
Authors:   Urgench branch of the Tashkent Medical Academy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, ADAMBAEV Zufar , KILICHEV Ibodulla , XODJANOVA Tuygunoy
Published: December 2020

A complex therapy of patients with degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the spine with herniated intervertebral discs with neurological manifestations was carried out with the addition of phonophoresis Kariflex gel followed by segmental massage with Kariflex cream. The comparative evaluation of the method was carried out in 89 patients. Comparative analysis revealed the reliable efficiency of the method used. Against the background of the proposed therapy, there was a significant decrease in pain and muscle-tonic syndromes, an increase in the range of motion in the spine
FEATURES OF THE PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNS CLINICAL AND NEUROLOGICAL TENDENCY OF BRAIN TUMORS IN THE ELDERLY AND SENILE AGE
Authors:   Bukhara branch of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of oncology and radiology, Saidov Gafur , Kariev Gayrat , Norov Abdurahmon , Mahmudov Bobur ,   Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of neurosurgery of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Published: December 2020

According to large-scale epidemiological studies in recent years,brain tumors occupy a significant place among the causes of death in the elderly and senile age [1, 2, 3,]. The widespread introduction of modern neuro imaging methods into clinical practice has contributed to a immenseincrease in the detection of brain tumors in the elderly and senile age [1, 2,]. Brain tumors in individuals of these age group have their own characteristics concerning the structural and biological properties of tumors, their location, growth, and clinical course, which is often an important reason for their late detection [3, 4]
AGING PECULIARITIES OF MORPHOLOGY OF NEURONS OF THE EXTRAMURAL UPPER AND LOWER NODES OF THE VAGUS NERVE OF HUMAN
Authors:   Bukhara State Medical Institute named after Abu Ali Ibn Sino of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Kharibova Elena , Teshaev Shukhrat
Published: December 2020

The article presents data on the morphological features of the neurons of the extramural vagus ganglia. The work was performed on 100 preparations of the upper and lower extracranial nodes of the vagus nerve, taken from 100 corpses.In the proximal and distal nodes of the vagus nerve, pseudo-unipolar neurons predominantly morphologically similar to those of the spinal nodes. With age, the total volume of the neurocellular fund changes, it is significantly reduced. The most significant shifts are noted in extremely oldage, which is evidence of a significant narrowing of the adaptive-compensatorycapabilities at this age.
Ética ambiental y Antropocentrismo débil
Authors: Norton Bryan G , Bravo-Osorio Felipe
Published: December 2020

La suposición de que una ética ambiental adecuada debe ser no-antropocéntrica es errónea. Hay dos formas de antropocentrismo: débil y fuerte, y el primero es suficiente para mantener una ética ambien¬tal. Sin embargo, la ética ambiental sí difiere de los sistemas éticos británicos y norteamericanos en la medida en que, para ser adecuada, debe ser no-individualista. La ética ambiental contiene dos niveles de decisión: el primero refiere a las decisiones usuales que afectan la equidad individual, el segundo no tiene esta perspectiva individual. Este segundo nivel, llamado decisiones de asignación, no es reducible al primero y gobierna el uso de recursos a través del tiempo. El antropocentrismo débil provee una base para criticar las necesidades individuales de consumo y puede ser la base para juzgar entre estos niveles. Así, permite un fundamento adecuado para la ética ambiental sin necesidad de recurrir a los cuestionables compromisos ontológicos que adoptan los no-antropocentristas al atribuir valor intrínseco a la naturaleza.
Alternativas en el aula para enfrentarse a la realidad desde las teorías del conflicto social
Authors:   Universitaria Agustiniana, Jiménez Guzmán Camila
Published: December 2020

La historia de la humanidad se ha visto permeada por el desarrollo de diferentes tipos de conflicto. En ocasiones, dichos conflictos han terminado por definir el curso de acción y el plan de desarrollo de una nación. Actualmente, el mundo enfrenta gran variedad de conflictos entre ideológicos, geopolíticos, migratorios, etc. Sin embargo, estos conflictos tienen la particularidad de haberse expandido a diferentes naciones y ya no ser simplemente internos. En Colombia se experimenta una transición en la historia de su conflicto interno, junto con afectaciones impulsadas por otros conflictos externos que tienen un impacto en nuestra economía y estructura. Por ello, es necesario que los futuros profesionales tengan una visión más concreta de la realidad y puedan interpretarla desde las teorías del conflicto, para así identificar los posibles escenarios de desarrollo profesional y las mejores formas de intervenir, considerando la reflexión sobre los conflictos y las alternativas que ofrecen. La presente nota destaca algunos elementos y conceptos necesarios para comprender y analizar el conflicto social fuera del paradigma de la patología social. Con el manejo de diferentes tipos de contextos y realidades sociales se busca presentar actividades que permitan la apropiación de los conceptos y su puesta en práctica.
Influence of Nonlinear Fluid Viscous Dampers on Seismic Response of RC Elevated Storage Tanks
Authors: Waghmare Manisha V. , Madhekar Suhasini N. , Matsagar Vasant A.
Published: December 2020

The numerical investigation on the seismic response of RC elevated liquid storage tanks installed with viscous dampers is presented. A discrete two-mass model for the liquid and multi-degree of freedom system for staging, installed with the dampers are developed for Reinforced Concrete (RC) elevated liquid storage tanks. The elevated tank is assessed for seismic response reduction when provided with Linear Viscous Damper (LVD) and Nonlinear Viscous Damper (NLVD), installed in the staging. The RC elevated liquid storage tanks are analyzed for two levels of liquid containment in the tank, 100% and 25% of the tank capacity. Three Configurations of placements of dampers viz. dampers at alternate levels (Configuration I and Configuration II) and dampers at all the panels of the staging of the tank (Configuration III) are considered. To study the effect of peak ground acceleration, eight real earthquake time histories with accelerations varying from 0.1 g to 0.93 g are considered. The nonlinearity in the viscous damper is modified by taking force proportional to various velocity exponents. It is found that the nonlinear viscous dampers with lower damping constant result in a comparable reduction in the response of RC elevated liquid storage tank, to that of linear viscous dampers with higher damping constant. A lower damping constant signifies compact the size of the damper. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-SP(EMCE)-09 Full Text: PDF
Modeling of electromagnetic fields of pipelines cathodic protection systems in horizontally layered medium
Authors:   Sterlitamak Branch of Bashkir State University, Krizsky Vladimir N. , Aleksandrov Pavel N. ,   Centre for Geoelectromagnetic Research – Branch of Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kovalskii Alexey A. ,   Sterlitamak Branch of Bashkir State University, Viktorov Sergey V. ,   Sterlitamak Branch of Bashkir State University
Published: December 2020

Design of cathodic protection systems of the trunk pipeline is regulated by current standards, based on the condition of uniformity and constancy of the electric conductivity of the multilayered half-space surrounding the pipeline. The current mathematical models of such systems also use an average value of the medium electric conductivity, which does not fully reflect the actual characteristics of the soil, in which the pipeline is laid. The authors present a method that accounts for the thickness and electrical conductivity of individual beds in a vertically-inhomogeneous, horizontally layered medium (the most practically appropriate case). Using method of computational experiment, the authors showed the importance of accounting for the effect of the medium layers structure and electrical resistivity on the protective voltage of the electric current in the cathodic protection system for underground trunk pipeline and studied the magnetic field sensitivity dependence on the insulation resistance of the pipeline defect-containing segments and on the altitude of data acquisition.
The cross-disciplinary approach to analysis and forecast of operational damage tolerance of the oil pipeline system – part 2
Authors:   State Committee on Science and Technology of the Republic of Belarus, Sherbakov Sergei S. ,   Belarusian State University
Published: December 2020

The paper presents the cross-disciplinary approach to the analysis of the oil pipeline system based on the methodologies of tribo-fatigue and mechano-thermodynamics. The pipeline section is analyzed as a complex system pipe-soil- flow of liquid subject to the set of mechanical, thermal and friction loads. It is shown that theses loads are mainly repeatedlyalternated, and the pipe metal works in the multi-cycle fatigue conditions. The procedure of resonance accelerated fatigue tests is proposed, and their results are presented. Also, the unorthodox method of integrated wear-fatigue tests of the pipeline steel was proposed with the model of simultaneous pressure and wall friction actions. The presented field test results of pipes subject to the long-term operation showed that their fracture may occur not only in the near-weld zone, but also in the vicinity of internal corrosion damages. New models of three-dimensional stress-strain state and volumetric damage tolerance for the system pipe-soil-liquid flow were developed. These models were applied with regard to the pipe internal corrosion damages, defined using the inline inspection technique. A new efficient method to describe static and cyclic elastic-plastic fracture of the pipe steel with crack using the transverse strain is proposed and tested. Results of the computer-simulated propagation of the crack-like damage are based upon the model of deformed solid with dangerous volume. The new model is proposed for risk and safety assessment with regard to the ultrasonic inspection data. The algorithm of the ‘oil line pipe’ problem solution is presented for drafting a short-term plan of particular R&D actions.
Effect of Seagrass Liquid Extracts on Bell Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Under Salt stress Conditions
Authors: Al-qahtani Noora Saad , Ahmed Talaat
Published: December 2020

Salinity is considered as major environmental challenge that affects crop growth and productivity. This study investigated the application of Haodule univervis seagrass liquid extract on bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) under salt stress conditions. The salinity treatments were applied by irrigating bell pepper plants with 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM/l of NaCl with four replications. The bell pepper plants were divided into two groups: one group was sprayed with seagrass extract, and the other group was sprayed with distilled water. The salt treatment was applied at every 10 days interval for only three treatments, and the bell pepper leaves were sprayed about seven days after the salt treatment. The results showed an increase in relative water content (RWC) of salt stressed bell pepper plants sprayed with seagrass extract from 0- 100 mM of NaCl treatment, while RWC decreased at 150 and 200 mM NaCl treatments compared to the control. This indicates stressed bell pepper plants sprayed with seagrass extract had higher RWC than plants sprayed with water at 0-100 mM NaCl treatments. Chlorophyll concentration was decreased dramatically in plants sprayed with water at 50mM of NaCl level. However, chlorophyll concentration increased slightly in plants sprayed with water at 100 mM NaCl level then start declined gradually at 150 mM and 200mM NaCl level. The plants sprayed with seagrass extract showed an increase in chlorophyll concentration at 100 and 150 mM NaCl treatment compared to the control. Fresh weights of plants sprayed with seagrass extract were declined at 50-150 mM NaCl compared to the control. However, the highest dry weights of plants sprayed with seagrass at 100 mM NaCl treatment. In addition, plants sprayed with water did not show variations in fresh and dry weights.
Investigation of Bacillus Thuringiensis Plasmid Instability and its Effect on the Synthesis of Crystals
Authors: Alwa Amira , Jaoua Samir
Published: December 2020

In order to explore plasmid instability in Bt, four Bt strains belonging to two Bt subspecies were cultured at 42°C for 9 days. HD1 and QBT376 belong to subspecies kurstaki, while H14 and QBT218 belong to subspecies israelensis. Results showed 100% crystal loss for H14 and QBT218, while 76% and 90% crystal loss for HD1 and QBT376, respectively, showing that cry-carrying plasmids are more stable in Bt kurs. than in Bt isr.. HD1, QBT376, and QBT218 cured clones showed significant protease activity compared to their non-cured counterparts. Microscopic observation revealed the delay of sporulation for high number of HD1 and QBT376 cry- clones, while the absence of spores in several H14 and QBT218 cry- clones. Spo-cry- clones of Bti strains had irregular elongated cell shape. Kinetics/day of plasmid curing for H14 and QBT218 showed H14 to have higher pBtoxis plasmid stability. The number of vegetative cells in Bti strains increased with the increase of curing period. As an attempt to create hybrid Bt strains, cry1Aa gene was extracted to transform cured and non-cured strains.
Comparison of Co-Presence of Epstein-Barr Virus and High-Risk Human Papillomaviruses in Colorectal Cancers in the Middle East Region
Authors: Nagi Karim , Gupta Ishita , Al-Thawadi Hamda A , Jabeen Ayesha , Malk Mohammed I. , Vranic Semir , Al-Moustafa Ala-Eddin
Published: December 2020

Background: Several studies have shown the presence of onco viral DNA in colorectal tumor tissues. Viral infection by onco-viruses such as Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) are well-known to be involved in the onset and/or progression of numerous human carcinomas. Methods: We explored the co-presence of high-risk HPVs and EBV in a cohort of colorectal cancer samples from Lebanon (94) and Syria (102) by PCR, immunohistochemistry and tissue microarray. Results: The results of the study point out that 54% of colorectal cancer cases in Syria are positive for high-risk HPVs, while 30% of the cases in Lebanon are positive for these viruses; the most frequent high-risk HPV types in these populations are 16, 18, 31, 33 and 35. Analysis of LMP1 showed similar results in both populations; 36% of Syrian and 31% of Lebanese samples. Additionally, we report that EBV and high-risk HPVs are co-present in these samples. In Syrian samples, EBV and HPVs are co-present in 16% of the population, however, in the Lebanese samples, 20% of the cases are positive for both EBV and HPVs; their co-presence is associated with high/intermediate grade invasive carcinomas. Conclusion: These data suggest that EBV and high-risk HPVs are co-present in human colorectal cancers where they can cooperate in the progression of these cancers. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to elucidate the role of those oncoviruses in the development of human colorectal carcinomas.
Salmonellosis among Pediatric Population in Qatar: Prevalence, Antibiotic Resistance and Molecular Epidemiology
Authors: Eltai Nahla O. , Al-Hadidi Sara H. , Al Than Asmaa A , Doiphode Sanjay H. , Yassine Hadi M.
Published: December 2020

Objectives: This study aims to characterize at the molecular level the genes encoding resistance in Salmonella and explain the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to ceftriaxone, cefepime, amoxicillin-clavulanate, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, colistin and azithromycin in Salmonella. It aims as well to characterize the 16S rRNA gene region by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to investigate if this region constitutes an appropriate ‘coincidental’ marker to distinguish important pathogenic Salmonella species. Finally, determine the lineages of Salmonella species and evolutionary relationships among bacteria classified within the same genus. Methodology: 246 Salmonella isolates were collected from children under 16 years old during Jan. 2018 - Dec 2019, presented with gastroenteritis at Hamad Medical Corporation. Isolates were tested for antibiotic susceptibility against nineteen relevant antibiotics using E-test. Isolates that harbor antibiotic resistance were confirmed using PCR specific primers for 38 genes. In addition, the variable region of class 1 and 2 integrons were identified by PCR among amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC) resistant samples. RFLP targeting16S rRNAwas performed using seven restriction enzymes including AluI, Bgl I, Bgl II, EcoR I, SmaI, Hinf I & Hae III. Results: Resistance was detected against 15 antibiotics and (38.2%) of isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic. Overall, high resistance was reported to tetracycline (23.9%), ampicillin (21.1%), AMC (18.7%) and sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprim (13%). Further, 22.4% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR), with 4.1% being ESBL producers. 90 % of ESBL producers had one of bla CTX-M-Group. Class (1) AMC resistant samples showed the highest resistance to different antibiotics. 16S rRNA-RFLP analysis divided Salmonella isolates into two main groups. Conclusion: Our results indicate a high antimicrobial resistance pattern of Salmonella, which necessities the development of regulatory programs to combats antimicrobial resistance. In particular, our results showed high resistance to Class (1) AMC cassette that involves the transmission and expression of the resistance. This might lead to a concern of increased multidrug resistance in the future. This study provides evidence guidance to activate and implement the pillars of an antimicrobial stewardship program in animal and human health to reduce MDR salmonellosis.
Thermal Stability of 0.9% Sodium Chloride IV Fluid exposed to Short- and Long-Term Extreme Conditions
Authors: Akkbik Mohammed , Ibrahim Mohamed Izham Mohamed , Diab Mohammad , Moslih Ayad , Makhlouf Ahmed , Al Shaikh Loua , Alinier Guillaume , Rachid Ousama
Published: December 2020

Purpose: 0.9% sodium chloride IV fluid (normal saline) is critical in a clinical setting and may save lives. Data on thermal stability of normal saline, in out-of-hospital settings, are lacking. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of temperature on normal saline stability. Method: Normal saline provided in flexible plastic containers (Qatar Pharma, BA:1929013008, n=96) were stored at constant temperature of 22, 50, or 70°C, and at cyclic temperature of 70°C for 8 hours and 22°C for 16 hours for a period up to 28 days. The containers were sampled at 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks in the short- and long-term study, respectively. Fluid inside containers was evaluated for discoloration, turbidity, bulging, and pH. A 1 mL of normal saline was withdrawn from each container and stored at 4°C until analysis. A 20 µL was diluted in 12 mL distilled water to be injected into ion exchange chromatography instrument (Metrohm, 850 Professional IEC) for the measurement of sodium and chloride levels. Results: Discoloration or turbidity of normal saline fluid was not observed at any temperature or exposure period. The container slightly bulged at 50˚C and largely bulged at 70˚C & cyclic. The pH was 5.59±0.08 at 22˚C, 5.73±0.04 at 50˚C, 5.86±0.02 at 70˚C and 5.79±0.03 at cyclic. Remaining sodium and chloride levels ranged from 100.2±0.26% to 111.27±4.22% and from 99.04±0.76 to 110.95±2.62%, respectively. Conclusion: Normal saline containers are stable up to 4 weeks under simulated constant and cyclic high temperatures. Storage in the cabinet of ambulance vehicles during hot summer season in an arid country like Qatar is to be assessed in real-life conditions.