bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Staphylococcus aureus carrying lukS/F Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) toxin genes in hospitals of Lahore city
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Shaheen , Saleem Yasar , Ansari Farheen , Qamar Muhammad Usman , Mazhar Sania , Hassan Abida , Nawaz Shaista , Saeed Salman , Syed Quratulain
Published: October 2018

Introduction: Panton Valentine-Leukocidin (PVL) toxin is secreted by Staphylococcus aureus and is mostly associated with skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI). This study aims to find out the prevalence of lukS/F-PV gene, which encode PVL toxin from strains of SSTI, burn wounds and nasal colonizers of out-patients and to measure the antimicrobial susceptibility of S. aureus isolates.

Methodology: This is an analytical observational cross-section study and was conducted from July 2014 to June 2015 at four tertiary care hospitals and PCSIR Laboratories Complex, Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 376 random clinical swabs were collected from SSTI (n = 179), nasal nares (n = 134) and burn wounds (n = 63) from out-patients’ departments (OPD). The specimens were cultured on nutrient and mannitol salt agar (MSA) and the organism was identified by catalase, coagulase, and DNase tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility, methicillin, inducible clindamycin, and high-level mupirocin (HLMR) resistance were determined as per CLSI guidelines. Molecular identification of mecA and lukS/F-PV genes was performed by PCR.

Results: We isolated 127 S. aureus, where 41 (32.3%) were MRSA and 86 (67.7%) were MSSA. All MRSA carried mecA gene whereas lukS/F-PV gene was found in 21 MRSA and 31 MSSA strains. Overall, a high antimicrobial resistance was found against MRSA and lukS/F-PV positive MSSA. Inducible clindamycin and high-level mupirocin resistance (HLMR) was 23.6% and 19.5% respectively.

Conclusions: A high rate of PVL toxin gene was detected among S. aureus strains and a high prevalence of antimicrobial resistant strains was observed.
Discriminations et politiques sociales
Authors: Belorgey Jean-Michel
Published: October 2018

Vaste est le champ des politiques sociales, qui incluent, à en croire la seule Charte Sociale du Conseil de l’Europe, le catalogue le plus complet de droits sociaux existant à ce jour. On traitera d’abord de certaines des caractéristiques générales des politiques sociales qui risquent de les vouer à être marquées au coin de la discrimination, en raison de l’appartenance ou de l’origine nationale, ainsi que des caractéristiques ethniques et culturelles, réelles ou supposées. On évoquera ensuite quelques aspects, qui peuvent passer pour significatifs, de la persistance ou de l’accroissement de phénomènes de discrimination, des politiques d’aide et d’action sociale, de santé, en faveur de personnes handicapées, ainsi que des personnes guettées par l’exclusion, ou que celle-ci a frappées.
Les discriminations raciales sur le marché du travail français
Authors: Viprey Mouna
Published: October 2018

La société et l’économie françaises se sont façonnées et développées depuis plus d’un siècle avec la participation active de l’immigration. Près de trente ans après la décision gouvernementale de « suspendre » l’entrée de nouveaux travailleurs étrangers en France, le thème de l’immigration garde une place de premier plan. En France, il n’existe pas de statistiques ethniques, mais néanmoins un décalage se produit entre la perception sociale de l’immigration et sa définition juridique légale. Ce sont les jeunes issus de l’immigration, français pour la plupart, qui sont stigmatisés comme immigrés, ceux vis-à-vis desquels la législation semble dépassée.
Pourquoi parler de discrimination religieuse ?
Authors: Amiraux Valérie
Published: October 2018

Introduire la notion de discrimination dans le débat sur « l’islam en France » permet-il de faire émerger des données inédites et de proposer une analyse pertinente des enjeux et questions posés par la gestion publique du pluralisme confessionnel ? Il est fait ici l’hypothèse d’une réponse positive, en particulier dans une perspective n’isolant pas le contexte national, toujours central et heuristique pour la compréhension des phénomènes suscités, de l’échelle européenne. A partir d’une étude réalisée en 2002 3 , l’article revient sur le lien entre dispositif de lutte contre la discrimination et application spécifique aux expériences d’injustice et de traitement inégalitaire dont la population musulmane serait victime. Il s’agit en particulier de revenir sur les difficultés à saisir le phénomène « discrimination religieuse » au niveau individuel et d’envisager dans le même mouvement les questions d’inégalité de traitement sur le plan du culte et de la pratique.
La paralysie de la justice
Authors: Brault Dominique , Lamloum Olfa
Published: October 2018

Le Syndicat de la Magistrature, né en juin 1968, est historiquement le premier syndicat de magistrats à s’être constitué en France. Il recueille autour de 30% des voix aux élections professionnelles. Résolument positionné à gauche, le Syndicat de la Magistrature ( sm ) considère la défense des libertés démocratiques comme l’un des axes principaux de son activité syndicale. Le sm milite en faveur d’une plus grande justice sociale à l’échelle française eu européenne. Au cours de ces dernières années, il s’est associé, s’est engagé aux côtés d’autres organisations dans divers combats : contre la double peine, en faveur de la régularisation de sans-papiers. Il a été également partie prenante de plusieurs manifestations nationales ou internationales. Il s’est opposé récemment à la réforme du régime des retraites et a participé au Forum social européen… Depuis quelques années le sm s’est donné comme priorité la lutte contre ce qu’il considère comme « la montée de l’idéologie sécuritaire » et la théorie de la « tolérance zéro », visant selon son analyse à pénaliser la misère. Aussi l’intervention du sm s’est focalisée surtout sur la critique des nouvelles lois sur la sécurité intérieure, l’immigration, la criminalité organisée et l’asile. Confluences a rencontré le secrétaire général du Syndicat de la Magistrature Dominique Brault et l’a interrogé sur les discriminations dans son champ d’intervention.
Les États de la Ligue arabe devant le Comité contre la discrimination raciale
Authors: Babadji Ramdane
Published: October 2018

Corollaire de l’égalité entre les êtres humains, le principe de non-discrimination est extrêmement important dans ce qui est dénommé le droit international des droits de l’Homme. Il est prévu aussi bien dans les textes à vocation universelle que dans les textes régionaux (Afrique, Amérique et Europe) 1 . Il a, de plus, donné naissance à un certain nombre de traités qui envisagent telle ou telle discrimination spécifique : emploi et profession ( oit , 1958), enseignement ( unesco , 1960), raciale (1965) (femmes, 1979). Le Comité des droits de l’Homme en a fait «  un principe fondamental et général en matière de droits de l’homme  » 2 . La présente note porte plus particulièrement sur la non-discrimination raciale 3 . Après une rapide présentation du principal dispositif en la matière, suivra une brève et partielle synthèse de quelques éléments importants tels qu’ils ressortent des conclusions adoptées par le Comité contre la discrimination raciale lors de la présentation des rapports par les Etats membres de la Ligue arabe.
Le temps des Gitans
Authors: Chiclet Christophe
Published: October 2018

Chaque année, à la même époque, les Tziganes ou Roms de Serbie se lancent dans des joutes musicales. Des dizaines de fanfares croisent le fer, ou plutôt le tuba et la trompette. Il ne s’agit pas uniquement de folklore. Les vainqueurs peuvent espérer gagner beaucoup d’argent en étant embauchés dans les riches mariages du pays, voire en diaspora. Et pour certains, la trompette d’or ouvre même les portes du cinéma.
Le fil des catégories : Trendelenburg, Kant et la réception de l’Aristoteles Kategorienlehre (1846)
Authors: Mariani Emanuele
Published: October 2018

Dans l’Allemagne du xix e  siècle, l’édition intégrale du Corpus aristotelicum de l’Académie des sciences de Berlin constitue la condition ayant rendu historiquement possible le « retours à Aristote », dont l’une des figures majeures est sans doute A. F. Trendelenburg. Suivant comme fil conducteur les rapports grammaticaux inhérents aux différentes parties de la proposition, Trendelenburg, le premier, s’engage à démontrer l’ordre sous-jacent au nombre des catégories, laissé pourtant indéterminé par Aristote. Le but est, pour l’essentiel, de découvrir le point de contact originaire entre la pensée, le langage et l’être, en opposition frontale aux résultats de l’idéalisme allemand. C’est donc le lien entre logique et métaphysique qui est au centre de l’exégèse philosophique que Trendelenburg livre aux pages de l’ Aristoteles Kategorienlehre en 1846, sur laquelle nous portons notre attention afin de rétablir les lignes directrices d’un projet dont l’originalité a souvent été confinée aux hypothèses prétendument improductives d’une grammaire spéculative ou délaissée en faveur d’autres épigones du lignage aristotélicien – de Brentano à Heidegger.
Les ressorts de l’engagement dans une pratique de consommation collaborative
Authors: Debroux Josette
Published: October 2018

L’essor du numérique, les perspectives de croissance faible, la montée des préoccupations environnementales constituent autant de conditions favorables au développement des comportements collaboratifs qui, cependant, ne déterminent pas mécaniquement les pratiques. L’enquête auprès de conducteurs de Blablacar , tous actifs, appartenant aux catégories moyennes et supérieures, montre qu’au cours de leur socialisation, ils ont construit une disposition ascétique et une disposition à être économe, une compétence à échanger ou un goût pour la sociabilité plus ou moins fortement constituées. C’est à un moment d’incertitude sociale, de fragilisation du statut social, de ruptures biographiques que les plus âgés s’engagent dans la pratique. À l’occasion d’un nouveau trajet de longue distance, et après avoir envisagé d’autres choix modaux, des conducteurs souvent jeunes, dans une situation d’insécurité sociale et de faible confiance en l’avenir, recourent au covoiturage, sans appétence particulière pour les échanges avec des inconnus. Chez des conducteurs en reprise d’étude plus âgés (d’environ 40 ans), la disposition à faire des économies se conjugue avec un goût pour les échanges et la sociabilité.
Rente pétrolière et disparité des revenus au Tchad
Authors: Gadom Djal-Gadom , Fondo Sikod , Totouom Armand
Published: October 2018

Cet article analyse l’influence des ressources pétrolières sur les inégalités au Tchad entre 2003, date de début de l’exploitation pétrolière et 2011. Les résultats des analyses menées indiquent un creusement des inégalités au niveau national, avec un coefficient de Gini ayant augmenté de 17% sur la période. La décomposition de l’indice de Gini en sous-groupes effectuée montre que les inégalités interrégionales ont augmenté. En outre, les résultats économétriques suggèrent qu’une augmentation de 1% des revenus pétroliers contribue à augmenter les inégalités de 0,09%. Cette augmentation des inégalités est d’autant plus importante que la répartition des revenus pétroliers coïncide avec des considérations d’ordre politique. Classification JEL : D63, O13, Q32
Do institutions and financial development determine the remittances-growth nexus in Africa?
Authors: Kratou Hajer , Gazdar Kaouthar
Published: October 2018

Cet article étudie l’impact des transferts des migrants sur la croissance économique dans un panel de 30 pays Africains. L’étude s’intéresse au rôle de la qualité financière et institutionnelle. Exploitant le GMM-système, les résultats montrent une complémentarité entre le développent financier et les transferts des migrants afin d’entrainer la croissance économique. Les transferts sont plus efficaces si la qualité institutionnelle et les services publics sont convenables.
Si on chantait : l'immigration en chanson
Authors: Daadouch Christophe
Published: October 2018

Attendre un visa qui n’arrivera peut-être jamais, quitter les siens, affronter tous les risques pour, au bout du compte, devenir un sans-papiers et vivre des années de galère. Tous ces thèmes liés aux migrations ont abondamment inspiré les chanteurs et chanteuses. Voici une sélection, forcément subjective, de morceaux qui ont bercé, ému, fait danser ou marcher les mélomanes d’ici et d’ailleurs.
En Guyane, les apatrides de la France post-coloniale
Authors: Benoît Catherine
Published: October 2018

Depuis plus de soixante ans, l’État français peine à inscrire à l’état civil toutes les personnes nées en Guyane, en particulier celles autochtones résidant le long du fleuve Maroni, frontière naturelle entre ce territoire et le Suriname. La dernière campagne de délivrance de jugements déclaratifs de naissance commencée en 2013 est sur le point d’être achevée alors qu’il n’a pas été donné suite à toutes les requêtes déposées auprès du tribunal de grande instance. L’apatridie serait-elle une des caractéristiques de l’héritage colonial pour certaines populations de la France ultramarine ?
Populisme et choix électoral
Authors: Ivaldi Gilles
Published: October 2018

Résumé À partir de données d’enquêtes électorales, cet article montre la présence chez les électeurs français d’attitudes populistes exerçant un effet distinct et substantiel sur l’orientation des comportements électoraux. Les attitudes populistes augmentent de manière significative la probabilité de vote pour les principaux candidats populistes, Marine Le Pen et Jean-Luc Mélenchon, au premier tour de l’élection présidentielle de 2017, en interaction avec les idéologies plus substantielles auxquelles le populisme vient s’adosser, en particulier l’identité politique gauche-droite. Par ailleurs, le populisme opère comme mécanisme « supplétif » produisant un surcroît de mobilisation en faveur des candidats populistes chez les électeurs positionnés au centre des principales dimensions de compétition, venant ainsi suppléer la faiblesse de leurs affiliations ou de leurs préférences idéologiques.
Le tirage au sort est-il compatible avec l’élection ?
Authors: Vandamme Pierre-Étienne
Published: October 2018

Résumé De nombreux travaux se sont récemment penchés sur les bénéfices d’une réintroduction du tirage au sort en politique, le plus souvent envisagé comme complément plutôt que comme alternative aux élections. Cet article vise deux objectifs. Premièrement, mettre en évidence les propriétés et vertus de ces deux modes de sélection qui les rendent a priori complémentaires plutôt que rivaux. Deuxièmement, interroger leur compatibilité en soulignant la rivalité entre ces deux modes de représentation. Sur ces bases, je propose une distinction entre les usages du tirage au sort qui tirent le mieux profit de cette complémentarité et ceux qui sont susceptibles de poser des problèmes de compatibilité, voire d’engendrer des dynamiques de dé-légitimation réciproque.
Analysing the adoption of Lean production in remanufacturing industry
Authors: Priyono Anjar , Idris Fazli
Published: October 2018

Purpose: This paper aims to analyse the challenges of lean manufacturing implementation in the remanufacturing industry. The research was undertaken in three types of remanufacturing company, torque converter, gearbox, and jet engine remanufacturers. This paper describes the characteristics of remanufacturing companies and compares them with the best practice company adopting lean manufacturing best practice: Toyota Motor Company. Through a comparison of the characteristics of the manufacturing environment, macro, and external condition, the challenges of adopting lean manufacturing are identified.Design/methodology/approach: This study utilised a case study method to analyse qualitative data collected from interviews, observations, and focus group discussions. Although case studies are typically used in inductive research, this study followed a deductive approach.Findings: The analysis demonstrated that remanufacturing companies experience challenges due to contextual differences to the benchmark company. The research found that there are some practices that are embedded in remanufacturing companies, but that the companies do not realise that these are lean manufacturing practices. On the other hand, there are a number of external factors that are beyond the remanufacturers’ control that hinder the adoption of lean manufacturing. In addition, the aftermarket business of remanufacturers has resulted in a number of distinctive macro condition characteristics that make the adoption of lean manufacturing more complex.Practical implications: Successfully addressing barriers to lean manufacturing adoption might enhance the performance of remanufacturing process. This is because the business of remanufacturing is not value creation, but capturing value from used products.Originality/value: This paper contributes to existing literature examining lean production in remanufacturing companies. It is novel in the sense that it is the first study examining lean production in the remanufacturing industry from organisational and managerial perspectives.
Periodical Measurements of VLF Radio Signals and Noise Sounds in Črna Jama (Postojnska Jama)
Authors: Kachalin Igor , Liashchuk Oleksandr , Šebela Stanka
Published: October 2018

In Črna Jama, which is part of Postojnska Jama, underground measurement of VLF (Very Low Frequency) radio signals was periodically carried out in 2012 and 2013 for detection of possible pre-seismic and/or other anomalies and to ascertain suitability of VLF monitoring in a natural cave environment. The modulation of the VLF signal was connected with a powerful atmospheric front and changes of the precipitation level. VLF data showed day and night changes and also significant changes between dry and rainy periods when water from the surface reached the cave chamber through about 30 m of limestone roof. During VLF monitoring we did not receive earthquake precursor signals. VLF monitoring in a karst cave could be an option for future research in understanding pre-seismic and other anomalies. On-line connection with other VLF surface or cave monitoring sites in Europe is necessary in future VLF registration. Results of preliminary VLF monitoring showed Črna Jama to be a suitable place for future studies.Key words: VLF radio signals, noise sounds, pre-seismic anomalies, Črna Jama, Slovenia.
Lithology, Rock Relief and Karstification of Minamidaito Island (Japan)
Authors: Knez Martin , Slabe Tadej , Urushibara-Yoshino Kazuko
Published: October 2018

Minamidaito Island is a karstified coral island located on the Philippine plate. Karstification periods occurred during the end of the Pliocene, in major part of the Pleistocene, and in the Holocene. The first period of karstification can be observed in the lower Daito dolomitized limestone (5 Ma and 4 Ma); the karstification seems to have occurred as a result of sea level change caused by the cooler conditions of the paleoclimatic environment. Geological studies were performed to study reef carbonates in detail. Among them, biointrasparite limestone of framestone and bafflestone types with transitions to grainstone and dolomitized biointrasparry limestone of framestone and bafflestone types dominate. Calcimetric analyses established that in certain locations the distribution of limestone and dolomite differs from the distribution previously described. Rock relief reveals the unique formation of coastal karren, the development of the surface in the interior of the island, and the most characteristic periods of cave development.Key words: Minamidaito Island, lithlogy, coral dolomitized limestone, rock relief, coastal karren, karstification, vegetation.
Human-induced Alterations of the Mycobiota in an Alpine Show Cave (Italy, SW-Alps)
Authors: Mammola Stefano , Di Piazza Simone , Ziotti Mirca , Badino Giovanni , Marco Isaia
Published: October 2018

Anthropogenic alterations in show caves are well documented in scientific literature. One of the main sources of perturbation derives from visitors, acting as carriers of propagules and organic matter in the cave ecosystems. Such perturbation generally results in a significant alteration of the natural subterranean microbiota. In this study, we characterize the mycobiota of the superficial alluvial sediment (0–5 cm) of the Bossea show cave (NW-Italy) over two sampling seasons, aiming to investigate whether anthropogenic rather than natural factors contribute to the colonization and proliferation of alien mycobiota in the cave environment. We placed eighteen sampling plots at different distances from the touristic pathway that crosses the cave. The distance from the touristic pathway was used as proxy to sort the sampling plots in three groups according the degree of anthropogenic disturbance (high: 0–2 m; intermediate 2–40 m; low: >100 m). Moreover, in order to elucidate the potential effect of other factors, we introduced in our analysis the distance from the subterranean river and the distance from the cave entrance. In each plot, we collected two samples of alluvial sediment, in winter and summer. Fungi were isolated from each sample and identified by means of an integrated morphological approach. We observed a rich and diversified fungal community – 63 taxa of Zygomycota and Ascomycota plus several unidentified yeasts – consisting of both native and alien species. Regression analysis points out a decrease of the abundance and the diversity of viable propagules at increasing distances from the touristic pathway rather than the cave entrance or the subterranean river. Accordingly, the exogenous organic materials passively conveyed by tourists, possibly explains the higher proliferation of alien species in the proximity of the touristic pathway. There was also a seasonal variation in the diversity and abundance of propagules, which we interpreted in light of the peculiar microclimate of the cave. In a second step, we used Indicator Species Analysis to identify the most representative species of the different levels of anthropogenic disturbance. In particular, Aspergillus spelunceus was found to be indicator of low disturbance, whereas Mucor corticola and A. asperescens were found to be indicators of intermediate and high disturbance, respectively.Key words: anthropic disturbance, alluvial sediment, alien species, airborne fungi, environmental impact.
Karst Morphology of Karangbolong Area, Java-Indonesia
Authors: Haryono Eko , Putro Sutanto Trijuni , Suratman Suratman , Sutikno Sutikno
Published: October 2018

The Karangbolong karst is situated in the southern zone of Java where Miocene limestone has been uplifted and has experienced karstification since the late Pliocene. The research documented here aims at exploring morphological characteristic of the area. Special interest is attributed to differentiation of valley or depression morphology, conical karst morphology, and the roles of jointing system and uplift history in their development. The morphology investigation was mostly undertaken using aerial photograph visual interpretation of panchromatic aerial photograph and analytically shaded DEM, as well as field observations. The results show that the general morphological features of Karangbolong karst are characterized by aligned valleys and aligned enclosed depression with three different patterns. The orientation of the valleys and enclosed depressions coincide with the structural pattern of the area, indicating that the formation of aligned valleys and aligned enclosed depressions is preferential dissolution through jointing. The residual hills are typified by conical karst morphology with sharp peaks. It is found that tight joint spacing appears to be the main reason for the sharp peak of the conical hills. Asides from jointing system, morphology of the area is likely governed also by topographical position and gravity sliding of the limestone bed during the uplift. Uplift history has important control on the differentiation of morphology between plateau part and sloping part. Limitation of this research is that the aerial photograph was not rectified well, because the analyses in this research were more on pattern identification. More accurate rectification is needed for better morphometric analyses.Key words: Southern Java, Karangbolong karst, polygonal karst, tropical geomorphology.
Basalt Intrusions in Palaeokarst Caves in the Central Lessini Mountains (Venetian Prealps, Italy)
Authors: Gonzato Guido , Rossi Guido , Chignola Roberto
Published: October 2018

The Lessini Mountains carbonate plateau (Venetian Prealps, Italy) is one of the most important karst areas in Italy. Along with alpine-type caves and well-developed karst landscapes, palaeokarst features are also common. In most cases, palaeokarst is represented by caves and fissures filled by limonitic-haematitic palaeosols (ochres) in which fossiliferous arenite layers are sometimes embedded. These features developed and fossilised during a late Eocene-middle Miocene phase of emersion. Between the Palaeocene and the Oligocene, over a time span partially overlapping the development of palaeokarst, basaltic volcanism took place in the Lessini Mountains. Along with ochre fills, cave passages that were intruded by basalt provide further evidence that a well developed karst network existed in the Lessini Mountains area in the middle-late Palaeogene. Moreover, basalt intrusions provide the only available data for the dating of palaeokarst in the central Lessini Mountains, where fossiliferous layers in ochre beds have not been found. We have started a new survey on palaeokarst in the Lessini plateau, with the aim of identifying ancient features on the basis of unusual fills (namely, ochre and basalt) and morphologies. New instances of basalt intrusions in three caves, Spigola di Canova, Covoli di Velo, and Covolo della Croce, have been recognised; evidence of pre-existing karst features filled by basalt in a previously studied cave (Grotta A Veja) has been identified, and an unusual basalt outcrop that might relate to palaeokarst has also been observed. This paper aims to document the new findings and to discuss previous ones. At the same time, we would like to point out some cautionary observations to prevent a “basalt = palaeokarst” misunderstanding.Key words: palaeokarst, basalt intrusion, cave fills, Lessini Mountains.
Geomorphological Analysis of Karst Landforms at the Masso della Vecchia geosite (Salento Peninsula, Italy)
Authors: Sansò Paolo
Published: October 2018

The presence of a pedestal rock, locally named Masso della Vecchia, marks a site of relevant geological interest (geosite) in the surrounding of Giuggianello village (Salento Peninsula, Apulia region, Italy). This unusual natural landform and similar others occurring in the same area gave birth to myths and legends. A detailed geomorphological analysis of Masso della Vecchia area has been carried out. The site is placed at about 100 m of altitude on a lower Pleistocene abrasion surface which constitutes the top of the Serra di Poggiardo morphostructural ridge. Locally, the Miocene Pietra Leccese Formation crops out. It is constituted by poorly consolidated, bioturbated, yellowish biomicrites at lower levels rapidly grading upward in massive grainstones rich in glauconite minerals. The entire sequence gently dips northeastward. The geomorphological analysis revealed that the Masso della Vecchia and similar landforms occurring in the area are karstic features produced under a soil cover. Pinnacles, channels, notches, subsoil scallops, half-bells and other typical features have been recognized. The peculiar assemblage of subsoil karst features can be explained taking into account the geological structure, subsoil karst processes and the geomorphological evolution of this area during the Late Pleistocene.Key words: subsoil karren, geoheritage, Salento, Italy.
Palaeokarst Deposits in Caves: Examples from Eastern Australia and Central Europe
Authors: Osborne Armstrong R.L.
Published: October 2018

Palaeokarst deposits are most commonly found in excavations, drill holes and naturally exposed at the Earth’s surface. Some caves however intersect palaeokarst deposits. This occurs in large hypogene caves in the USA, thermal caves in Hungary and in many caves in eastern Australia. Palaeokarst deposits in caves respond to cave forming processes in the same way as hostrock: the palaeokarst deposits form cave walls. A range of palaeokarst deposits is exposed in caves including; filled tubes, walls composed of flowstone, large-scale bodies, breccia pipes, dykes, volcaniclastic palaeokarst and crystalline palaeokarst. As well as being exposed in cave walls, palaeokarst deposits can wholly or partly form speleogens (speleogens made from palaeokarst). Records of geological events not preserved elsewhere can occur in palaeokarst deposits in caves. These can be difficult to correlate with conventional geological histories. It is important to be able to distinguish between palaeokarst deposits, relict sediments and phantom rock (in-situ weathered rock, also called ghost rock; Vergari & Quinif 1997). Relict sediments can be distinguished from palaeokarst deposits because the cave walls bound relict sediments while palaeokarst deposits form the cave walls. Palaeokarst can be distinguished from phantom rock, as palaeokarst is unconformable with the hostrock, with structures in the hostrock not continuing across the boundary into the palaeokarst. Hostrock structures and textures do continue across the boundary between unaltered hostrock and phantom rock. Similarly, cave sediments are unconformable or disconformable with the hostrock while phantom rock is conformable with hostrock containing hostrock structures and textures. It has been difficult to explain why palaeokarst occurs in some caves and not others. One explanation worth considering is that palaeokarst deposits are not intersected by caves or sections of caves that contain large perennial streams and/or have undergone large-scale vadose fluvial development capable of escaping from the bounds of structural guidance, such as the caves in the Classical Karst.Key words: palaeokarst, caves, Australia, relict sediments, phantom rock.
Karst landforms Within Noctis Labyrinthus, Mars
Authors: Zupan Hajna Nadja , Baioni Davide , Tramontana Mario
Published: October 2018

Noctis Labyrinthus is an intricate system of Late Hesperian and Early Amazonian linear troughs and rounded pits connecting the Tharsis volcanic rise and western Valles Marineris next to Martian equator. This study was focused on three light-toned deposits (LTDs) located within a trough located in the western part of Noctis Labyrinthus, centered at −6.8°N, 261.1°E, approximately 60 x 50 km in dimension and with a depth of 5 km below the adjacent plateau. These LTDs located on the floor in the central region of this trough display spectral signature of gypsum and are characterised by the widespread presence of shallow depression morphologies. We performed a morphologic and morphometric analysis of the surfaces of these LTDs through an integrated study of images available through the Reconnaissance Mars Orbiter High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment with the aim to describe, for the first time, these landforms, and to discuss their possible origins and lithological and paleo-climatic significance. Analysis, on the basis of the characteristics of the investigated landforms and the similarities of features on Earth and Mars, and after discarding other possible origins, revealed that the examined Martian landforms have karst origin. The landform features appear to reflect water-related processes, probably due to ice melting formed during periods of ice-snow-rich deposition from the atmosphere as the result of changes in the obliquity of Mars, which could have driven the processes of dissolution or collapse on the evaporite rock. Thus, the observed karst landforms suggest a climate change and the presence of liquid water due to ice melting during the Late Amazonian age.Key words: karst, gypsum, shallow depressions, climate change, Noctis Labyrinthus, Mars.
Vegetation as the Bioindicator of Human-induced Degradation in Karst Landscape: Case Study of Waste-filled Dolines
Authors: Breg Valjavec Mateja , Ribeiro Daniela , Čarni Andraž
Published: October 2018

Mismanagement practices, such as unsustainable waste disposal, created many degraded sites. In karst landscapes, old uncontrolled landfills are often located in dolines (sinkholes). Buried waste material in dolines represents degradation of landform, habitats and a potential danger of groundwater pollution. Buried waste provides heterogeneous ecological conditions on the surface, thus plant communities or individual plant species that developed on the surface of landfills can be used as a bioindicators of waste-filled doline sites and therefore indicators of land degradation. We aimed to discover the potential of vegetation to detect unknown locations of old dump-sites in suffusion dolines in Logaško polje (Dinaric Karst, Slovenia), either by plant communities or by plant species. We aimed to ascertain whether vegetation can indicate the dumping period by estimation of community succession stage. Locations and the age of waste-filled dolines (doline-dumps) were preliminary identified by a historical landscape study. Thus, we used time series of aerial photographs and digital photogrammetry tools for 3D modelling of historical terrain. Ecological evaluation was based on sampling the floristic composition of plots (5x5 m). We analysed ecological conditions by Ellenberg bioindicator values, structure by life history traits and naturalness by hemerobic levels of plants. We studied in detail 30 up to 50-years-old waste-filled dolines that are interspersed by dry and mesic grasslands. Ecological evaluation demonstrated that the main driver of ecological diversity at doline-dumps is the time at which the doline was backfilled and succession started. Annual and eutrophic communities dominate the youngest doline-dumps, middle aged doline-dumps are covered by nitrophilous perennial forbs and, finally, communities developed towards mesic grassland. We conclude that plant communities in combination with diagnostic plant species can be used as a bioindicators of doline-dumps in agricultural landscape of Logaško polje and can therefore indicate the sites of potential groundwater pollution sources but not the type of long-time buried waste.Key words: suffusion dolines, plant communities, waste dumping, Ellenberg indicator values, polje.
Measurements of the Outflow Along the Eastern Border of Planinsko Polje, Slovenia
Authors: Blatnik Matej , Frantar Peter , Kosec Denis , Gabrovšek Franci
Published: October 2018

Planinsko Polje is the westernmost active polje of Dinaric karst. It is a typical overflow-structural polje, with springs on the southern side feeding the superficial flow of Unica River. The river meanders over the polje towards the terminal outflow area on its northern side, where it sinks back into the aquifer through several ponors. Along the reach in proximity to the eastern border of the polje, the Unica River loses water through several outflow zones into distinct ponors and into a set of small openings and fracture zones. To estimate the outflow rate along these zones, the Unica discharge was measured upstream and downstream to the outflow zone. Seven velocity profiles were recorded with an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler and the corresponding discharges were calculated. The measurements were taken within four hours during the flow recession following a partial flooding of the Planinsko Polje. Therefore, six outflow zones were evaluated with an outflow rate ranging between 1 m3/s and 5.6 m3/s. The total loss of water along the eastern border summed up to 18 m3/s under the given hydrological conditions. These results give new insight into the functioning of karst poljes and provide an important input for eventual future hydrological modelling of the area.Key words: polje, outflow, ponors, discharge, Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler, Planinsko Polje, Unica.
Accidental Celebrity? Constructing Fame in Postwar Croatia
Authors: Pletenac Tomislav
Published: October 2018

Aim of this paper is to show different type of production of celebrity. Case of popular Croatian singer Marko Perković Thompson shows that unlike popularity in the west that is produced through the news about private life of popular persona, in Croatia avoiding of private life can lead to popularity.
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Namen prispevka je prikazati raznolikost produkcije slave. Na primeru priljubljenega pevca Marka Perkovića Thompsona je razvidno, da se za razliko od priljubljenosti na zahodu, ki nastaja z novicami o zasebnem življenju, na Hrvaškem ta lahko utrjuje z izogibanjem razkrivanja zasebnosti.
Vladimir Rukavina – Master of Festivity. Social Change and Cultural Policy from Above
Authors: Simonič Peter
Published: October 2018

Vladimir Rukavina is one of the most important and steadfast figures of the post-socialist transition in Maribor. The Festival Lent, which he and his team have been organizing annually for more than twenty years, is the biggest open-air festival in Slovenia and among fifty most distinguished events in Europe. The festival is an excellent case to analyse social dynamics in post-socialist transition of the city of Maribor. Author discusses how far society and history have influenced individual choices and attitude of Vladimir Rukavina, and how far has he been able to change the paradigm of social imagination.
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Vladimir Rukavina sodi med najpomembnejše in najbolj etablirane posameznike, ki so zaznamovali posocialistično tranzicijo v Mariboru. Festival Lent, ki ga s sodelavci vsako leto prireja že več kot dve desetletji, je največji festival na prostem v Sloveniji in sodi med petdeset najbolj uglednih tovrstnih prireditev v Evropi. Dogodek predstavlja tudi odličen primer za analizo družbene dinamike v času posocialistične tranzicije. Avtor v prispevku razpravlja, v kolikšni meri sta družba in zgodovina vplivali na prirediteljeve odločitve in stališča ter v kolikšni meri je sam uspel preoblikovati paradigmo družbenega imaginarija.
Transversal Practices between Bourgeois Cosmopolitanism and Fervent German Nationalism. The Schillerverein in Trieste as an Example of the In-between in the Alps-Adriatic Region
Authors: Holfelder Ute , Katschnig Gerhard , Schemmer Janine , Schönberger Klaus
Published: October 2018

In the course of the Europe-wide Schiller celebrations commemorating the centenary of Friedrich Schiller’s birth, a Schillerverein (Schiller Society) was founded in Trieste 1859. It was made up of members of different ethnicities and religious confessions. One of the main aims of the society was to contribute to the cultural life of Trieste by means of (popular) scholarly lectures, concerts, theater performances, dances, and excursions.
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Ob stoletnici rojstva pesnika Friedricha Schillerja, ki so ga proslavljali povsod po Evropi, so v Trstu leta 1859 ustanovili društvo Schillerverein. Njegovi člani so bili različnih narodnosti in religioznih prepričanj. Eden glavnih ciljev društva je bil z različnimi poljudnimi predavanji, gledališkimi predstavami, plesi in ekskurzijami obogatiti kulturno življenje v Trstu.
The Vagaries of Identification in the Società di Minerva of Trieste (1810-1916)
Authors: Ličen Daša
Published: October 2018

This article looks into the past of the illustrious Triestine voluntary association Minerva. The author suggests that its 19th century path went from being monarchically loyal to rather nationalistic, but not in a linear and uncomplicated manner as it might seem on the first sight.
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V članku avtorica raziskuje tržaško zgodovinsko društvo Minerva in pri tem ugotavlja, da se je v devetnajstem stoletju spreminjalo od monarhiji vdanega do nacionalističnega; na prvi pogled razviden proces pa ni bil niti linearen niti enostaven.
Sacred Places and Religious Practices among Croatian Spiritual Seekers: A Medjugorje Case Study
Authors: Belaj Marijana , Šantek Goran Pavel
Published: October 2018

The political, economic, and sociocultural transitions and transformations that Croatia has experienced since the 1990s have also affected the position of the Church in society. In the last decade, institutional religion in Croatia has lost its legitimizing function in society, and religiousness is greatly influenced by the individualization and subjectivization of, or distance from, institutional religious principles and doxa. Internal conflicts within the Church regarding the most known pilgrimage place in Hercegovina, in Medjugorje notwithstanding, the pilgrimage to Medjugorje continues to flourish, upholding the thesis about the “spiritual turn” in contemporary society.
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Politične, gospodarske in družbenokulturne preobrazbe, ki jih je doživela Hrvaška od devetdesetih let prejšnjega stoletja, so vplivale tudi na položaj Cerkve v družbi. V zadnjem desetletju je institucionalna vera na Hrvaškem izgubila legitimno funkcijo v družbi, doživljanje religioznosti pa zaznamujeta individualizacija in subjektivizacija institucionalnih religioznih načel. Kljub različnim stališčem znotraj Cerkve o najpomembnejšem romarskem kraju v Hercegovini, v Medjugorju, število romarjev narašča, kar omogoča domnevo o “duhovnem obratu” v sodobni družbi.
Every War Invents Its Heroes
Authors: Jezernik Božidar
Published: October 2018

The question of the First World War’s purpose and justification was asked by many after the war was over. It was of particular relevance for the citizens of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians, whose (self)questioning and search for historical statements were additionally burdened by the fact that citizens of the new Nation of Three Names had been enemies on the frontlines, fighting on opposite sides of the battle-lines. This uncomfortable truth represented a tremendous obstacle for the formulation of a unified “common” wartime memory.
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Vprašanje o smislu in upravičenosti Prve svetovne vojne so si po koncu zastavljali mnogi. Vprašanje je bilo posebnega pomena za državljane Kraljevine Srbov, Hrvatov in Slovencev, katerih (samo)spraševanje in odkrivanje sporočil zgodovine je bilo še dodatno obremenjevalo dejstvo, da so državljani nove države troimenega naroda med vojno pripadniki na sovražnih vojska in so se borili na nasprotnih straneh. Ta neprijetna resnica je predstavljala velikansko oviro za oblikovanje skupnega spomina na vojno, njene vzroke in posledice.
At a War Cemetery: Traces and Practices of Commemoration
Authors: Karpińska Grażyna Ewa
Published: October 2018

This article discusses war cemeteries from the First World War located near Łódź, Poland. From among approximately two hundred such cemeteries, I have selected a few, all of them established after the Battle of Łódź in 1914, to serve as an example for describing others as well. I view a First World War cemetery as a space that retains traces of human activity, and I describe past and present actions intended to commemorate the fallen soldiers and to sacralize the past. Architectural elements and human actions comprise a document that reports on reality; they are materials that produce a narrative about the present and constitute evidence of patterns in modes of acting and thinking that are present in culture.
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Avtorica v članku obravnava vojna pokopališča v bližini Lodža na Poljskem, nastala v prvi svetovni vojni.. Med dvesto pokopališči je izbrala tista iz leta 1914 po bitki pri Lodžu kot primer, s katerim ponazarja tudi poznejša. V pokopališčih prve svetovne vojne vidi prostore, ki razkrivajo sledove človeške dejavnosti. Ob tem opisuje pretekle in sedanje aktivnosti, s katerimi ohranjajo spomin na padle vojake in sakralizirajo preteklost. Arhitekturni elementi in človeške aktivnosti so vtkani v te priče preteklosti, ki poročajo o nekdanji resničnosti. So gradiva, ki ustvarjajo pripovedi o sedanjosti in dokaze o vzorcih v načinih delovanja in razmišljanja.
Contested Heroes – Gavrilo Princip and Rudolf Maister as Subcultural Icons
Authors: Velikonja Mitja
Published: October 2018

In the article, the author deals with two heroes: - Gavrilo Princip (1894-1918) was a member of Mlada Bosna, who shot at an archduke, to the successor to the Habsburg throne, Franz Ferdinand; - general Rudolf Maister (1874-1934) was a poet and commander of the South Slavic forces in the lower Styria and Carinthia in the years 1918 and 1919. The author analyzed forty-three examples of graffiti and street art pieces of different formats (graffiti, stencils, stickers, murals etc.), dedicated to Princip and Maister. Theoretically, his research combines graffiti and street art studies with a critical analysis of cult of personality of political leaders.
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V članku avtor obravnava dva heroja, Gavrila Principa (1894-1918), člana Mlade Bosne, atentatorja, ki je streljal na nadvojvodo, na naslednika habsburškega prestola Franza Ferdinanda; in na generala Rudolf Maistra Vojanova (1874-1934), pesnika in poveljnika južnoslovanskih sil na spodnji Štajerski in Koroški v letih 1918 in 1919. Avtor je analiziral 43 primerov grafitov in uličnih umetniških del različnih formatov (grafiti, šablone, nalepke, freske itd. Raziskava združuje študije grafitov in uličnih umetnosti s kritično analizo kulta osebnosti političnih voditeljev.
Nascita di un nome. Esercizi di memoria sul patrimonio immateriale della dieta mediterranea
Authors: Moro Elisabetta
Published: October 2018

L’autrice riscostruisce la genealogia del termine “dieta mediterranea” e la sua introduzione nel lessico scientifico e nel senso comune occidentali. Questa espressione, infatti, risale solo alla seconda metà del Novecento. Attraverso una serie di testimonianze dirette e un’analisi delle fonti, Moro mette in evidenza il fatto che ad inventare questa fortunata espressione sono stati Ancel Keys e Margaret Haney Keys, scopritori di questo stile di vita, che attraverso il Seven Countries Study (1958) ne hanno dimostrato per primi i benefici sulla salute. Con il libro How to Eat Well and Stay Well. The Mediterranean Way (USA 1975) i Keys introducono nel lessico occidentale il nome dieta mediterranea. Tale termine entra invece ufficialmente nel lessico scientifico grazie ad una ricerca sul rapporto tra dieta e colesterolo, fortemente voluta da Ancel Keys, condotta da Anna Ferro-Luzzi et all. in Cilento-Italia (oggi comunità UNESCO della dieta mediterranea) e pubblicata nel 1984 sul prestigioso American Journal of Clinical Nutrition AJCN.
Si comincia dal cappone: vent’anni di Presìdi Slow Food
Authors: Porporato Davide
Published: October 2018

Il testo propone una riflessione sull’esperienza ventennale dei Presìdi promossi dall’associazione internazionale Slow Food. Un ambizioso progetto avviato per contrastare la perdita della bio ed etno diversità dei territori attraverso la promozione di interventi finalizzati a valorizzare le produzioni locali. A partire da una ricerca etnografica che ha indagato il ciclo produttivo del cappone di Morozzo (Cuneo), un prodotto dell’eccellenza gastronomica che negli anni Novanta era prossimo all’estinzione, si è potuto comprendere più compiutamente la funzione svolta dal primo Presidio istituito da Slow Food.
Questua, sacrificio e banchetto rituale nelle feste campestri della Sardegna
Authors: Mannia Sebastiano
Published: October 2018

La questua di denaro, di alimenti e di capi di bestiame, il sacrificio di questi ultimi e il banchetto collettivo sono ancora oggi fra le azioni rituali più importanti delle feste campestri della Sardegna. Attraverso la descrizione e l’analisi di alcuni casi di studio, il contributo si propone di indagare l’importanza del cibo in ambito festivo. Durante il banchetto, infatti, si creano e si rinnovano relazioni e gerarchie, si esalta l’abbondanza e il consumo, si ribadisce l’appartenenza alla comunità e al culto comunitario. Il cibo, in sostanza, diviene un importante e imprescindibile strumento di comunicazione sociale.