bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of the Brace Topology on the Reliability of the Platform Jacket Structure
Authors: Anwar Anwar , Prastianto Rudi Walujo , Rosyid Daniel M.
Published: December 2024

Platform jacket structures are offshore buildings that support oil and gas drilling activities. The jacket's structure is generally tubular steel connected between the legs and the brace. The selection of brace topology is essential to prevent the structure from failure, such as fractures. The research was carried out by modelling the brace topology and analyzed using SACS finite element method software. Analysis of the reliability of jacket structure using the Monte Carlo simulation method. The purpose of this study is to analyze the reliability of the jacket structure and determine the optimal topological clamp model for use on it. The results show that the topology X brace model has better reliability than the support topology model K and N, where the topology X brace model can withstand a maximum force of 44000 kN with a reliability index value of 3.35. In comparison, the topology K brace can withstand a working force of 35200 kN with a reliability index value of 2.94, and the topology N brace model can withstand a working force of 32000 kN with a value of reliability index of 3.02.
The Influence of Thread Length and Tightening Torque of the M8/M12 Bolts on the Vibration Fixture Response
Authors: Öhl Christian , Rus Marian , Mădroane Denis-Florin , Duma Iuliana , Galatanu Sergiu Valentin , Linul Emanoil
Published: December 2024

The paper presents an experimental investigation of the influence of thread length and tightening torque of the M8 and M12 bolts on the vibration fixture response. To perform the tests electromagnetic vibration exciter with amplifier (LDS V8900), controller (M+P), single-axis control and measurement accelerometer (PCB), and calibrated dynamometric key (Hazet) were used. As vibration profile was used sinusoidal on a linear scale amplitude (g2) versus time (Hertz) according to the IEC 60068-2-6 standard. To investigate the length and diameter of the bolts aluminum 7075 T6 fixtures with dimensions of 40 mm ´ 40 mm width and different lengths were used as part of the samples. It was found that the investigated parameters have a major influence on the vibration fixture response.
Effect of Surface Coatings on the Service Life of Unimax Casting Tool Steel
Authors: Tóth László , Fábián Enikő Réka , Nyikes Zoltán , Perianu Ion Aurel , Kovács Tünde Anna
Published: December 2024

The tool steel materials are expensive this is the reason why the lifetime increase is a goal of the production technology. The tool life is determined by the various complex mechanical, thermal, chemical, and tribological properties. Tools properties depend on the chemical composition and their microstructure. The microstructure depends on the chemical composition, the production process, the heat treatment and surface treatment technologies. The goal of this research was to increase the service lifetime of the casting mould tool. It was prepared and investigated four kinds of test specimens. The first kind of specimen was made from conventional steel (W302). It was made an austenitization (1020°C) and was cooled with 9 bar nitrogen gas to 40°C and kept for 6 minutes. The quenching was followed with three times tempering processes (570°C, 580°C, 560°C) in 2 bar N2 gas. The second kind of test specimen was made from Unimax electro-slag remelted steel (ESR). It was made an austenitization (1020°C) and was cooled with 9 bar nitrogen gas to 40°C and kept for 6 minutes. After quenching the process continues with three times tempering (610°C, 620°C, 600°C). The third kind of test specimen Unimax a electro-slag remelted steel (ESR), to which firstly an austenitization (1020°C) was made, quenched in nitrogen gas with 9bar and then cooled in liquid nitrogen till minus 150°C. After cryogenic treatment, the process continues with three times tempering (610°C, 620°C, 600°C). The fourth kind of specimen was made by the same process as the second and after it a PVD coating process was made to coat the surface by a TiBN layer. It investigated the hardness and wear resistance of all heat-treated and surface-coated steel specimens. The comparative wear resistance testing was investigated by a ball cratering tester. The rank of the tested specimen was the next: the lowest wear resistance measured in the case of the heat-treated W302, the middle in the case of cryogenic heat-treated Unimax and the highest wear resistance earned in the case of the PVD-coated Unimax. The results of the investigations proved that the Unimax tool steel service lifetime can increase better than the conventional tool steel by heat treatment and surface treatment. The practice certified that the surface-treated Unimax tools' service lifetime is much longer than the conventional ones.
Influence of Repeated Wetting-Drying Process on Strength of Cement Admixed Soil Improved by Natural Liquid Latex Rubber
Authors: Uchaipichat Anuchit
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the impact of wet-dry cycling on the unconfined compressive strength of compacted cement-soil mixed with latex rubber. The objective was to simulate the fluctuating moisture conditions in the soil caused by alternating rainy and dry seasons over multiple years. The experiments compared cement-soil samples to rubber-cement-soil samples. The amount of cement used was equivalent to 8 percent of the dry soil mass, while the latex emulsion content was 8 percent by cement mass. The wet-dry cycling process was performed on the samples cured for 28 days. The results indicated that the rubber-cemnet-soil samples consistently exhibited enhanced compressive strength compared to the cement-soil samples. During the initial two cycles of the wet-dry process, the rubber-cement-soil samples demonstrated a greater rate of compressive strength improvement than the cement-soil samples. This indicates that the rubber particles contribute to strengthening the soil during the wetting-drying process. It is worth noting that the rate of compressive strength increase for both sample sets becomes comparable after the second cycle of the wetting-drying process.
Analysing Recurring Failures: Case Study of a Pressurized Gas Supply Pipeline
Authors: Murariu Alin Constantin , Duma Iuliana , Popescu Radu Nicolae
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a case study of an in-service failure occurred in a pressurized gas supply pipeline, which has been recurring in recent years, particularly during the winter season. The investigation focused on two pipe coupons extracted from a DN 300 pipeline, which had sustained damage while in operation as part of a natural gas pipeline. Through the implementation of mechanical and non-destructive testing methods on the pipe couplings and their welds, multiple non-conformities were identified. These non-conformities were found to be the root causes of failures that occurred after welding and during operation. The findings of this investigation have led to several valuable comments and recommendations, which are beneficial for manufacturing companies and clients alike. Implementing these suggestions can contribute to enhanced safety and operational efficiency in gas pipeline systems.
Retrospective evaluation of the efficacy of ultrasound-guided intra-articular hyaluronic-acid- based injections (Hyalubrix®) in patients with glenohumeral osteoarthritis
Authors: Monti L. , Franchi E. , Verde F. , Sgherzi S. , Anghilieri F.M.
Published: December 2024

Objective. Intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid (HA) have been reported to alleviate pain, reduce disability, and improve joint function in glenohumeral osteoarthritis (GH-OA). This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a HA-based formulation (Hyalubrix®) in reducing the pain of patients with GH-OA and improving both patient's shoulder functions and quality of life (QoL).
Methods. Data collected during the standard clinical practice of the center was retrospectively analyzed. The Simple Shoulder Test (SST) questionnaire reported data on the patient's ability to perform daily activities; the Euro-Quality of Life Health Assessment (EQ-5D) collected evidence on QoL; and changes in pain were evaluated through the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). SST and EQ-5D scores were analyzed comparing baseline values with those at the last follow-up, while VAS was investigated for all the available visits. Continuous values were summarized as mean ± standard deviation, median, and 25-75th percentiles. Shapiro-Wilk test assessed normality, with significance set at p<0.05, and no adjustments for multiple comparisons were made.
Results. All scores showed a significant improvement: VAS decreased from 55.4±13.8 to 16.2±16.3 (p<0.001), the SST increased from 38.0 to 65.5 (p<0.001), as well as the EQ-5D (from 41.7 to 76.7; p<0.001).
Conclusions. GH-OA treatment with Hyalubrix® proved to be highly beneficial, leading to complete pain reduction in more than 50% of patients and a significant reduction in 27.5% of cases. This resulted in improved joint function and QoL.
Athletic Training Students’ Knowledge and Awareness of Diversity and Inclusion to Provide Culturally Competent Care
Authors: Young Courtney , Marra Jeremy , Schuyler Heather
Published: December 2024

Context

Cultural knowledge and skills are essential for all health care professionals. With evolving patient demographics, all providers must be equipped to adapt to a variety of cultures to provide patient-centered care.

Objective

Investigate athletic training students’ (ATSs’) current cultural awareness, sensitivity, and behavior levels and determine if their knowledge after a diversity educational intervention increases their ability to provide culturally competent care.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Private Division III institution.

Patients or Other Participants

First-, second-, and third-year students enrolled in an accredited master’s athletic training program.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

A paired samples t test determined a significant change between ATS Cultural Competence Assessment Inventory scores before and after the intervention.

Results

Athletic training students demonstrated higher levels of cultural competence after the intervention. Group 1, ATSs who completed the entire intervention, showed increased cultural awareness and sensitivity (CAS; P = .03) and cultural competence behavior (CCB; P = .02) scores after the intervention. Group 2, ATSs who partially completed the intervention, revealed no difference in CAS scores (P = .50) but showed increased CCB (P = .001) scores after the intervention. Lastly, Group 3, ATSs who did not complete the intervention, showed no statistical difference in CAS (P = .21) and CCB (P = .25) scores.

Conclusions

Evidence has shown that diversity training may be a successful tool to increase cultural competence. ATSs who fully or partially completed the intervention can demonstrate culturally congruent practice. Providing culturally competent care is a continual process, and therefore, access to diversity education within the curricula may help increase outcomes among ATSs.
Geological Survey of Canada: highlight report 2018-2023
Authors: Lebel D. , Talwar S.
Published: December 2024

Ce rapport de la Commission géologique du Canada (CGC) (2018-2023) présente les faits saillants des contributions scientifiques et technologiques en lien avec la responsabilité principale du mandat de RNCan, la science des ressources naturelles et l'atténuation des risques. Ce rapport résume les mesures proposées dans le cadre du plan stratégique de la CGC (2018-2023) et souligne les réalisations dans le cadre de chaque programme et service. La mission de la CGC est de fournir des informations géoscientifiques de pointe et faisant autorité dans le cadre de trois grandes priorités : Les connaissances géologiques des terres continentales et extracôtières du Canada; les géosciences pour le développement durable; et les géosciences pour assurer la sécurité du Canada.
Commission géologique du Canada: rapport sur les faits saillants 2018-2023
Authors: Lebel D. , Talwar S.
Published: December 2024

Ce rapport de la Commission géologique du Canada (CGC) (2018-2023) présente les faits saillants des contributions scientifiques et technologiques en lien avec la responsabilité principale du mandat de RNCan, la science des ressources naturelles et l'atténuation des risques. Ce rapport résume les mesures proposées dans le cadre du plan stratégique de la CGC (2018-2023) et souligne les réalisations dans le cadre de chaque programme et service. La mission de la CGC est de fournir des informations géoscientifiques de pointe et faisant autorité dans le cadre de trois grandes priorités : Les connaissances géologiques des terres continentales et extracôtières du Canada; les géosciences pour le développement durable; et les géosciences pour assurer la sécurité du Canada.
Sonographic Determination of Gallbladder Dimension among Apparently Healthy School-aged Children in Kano Metropolis
Authors: Abubakar Abubakar Aminu , Yahuza Mansur , Mansur Ramalan , Yau Anas , Maikusa Bara’atu Sani
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

The present study was carried out to sonographically evaluate gallbladder dimensions among healthy school-aged children, thus setting up normal ranges that can be used in clinical settings. The study aimed to establish normal gallbladder dimensions in apparently healthy school-aged children within the Kano metropolis using ultrasonography.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective cross-sectional study of 276 healthy school-age children comprising 156 males and 120 were recruited randomly. Gallbladder length (GBL), width, height, volume, and wall thickness were recorded. The subject’s demographic information was also obtained. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 23. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05.

Results:

Statistical analysis highlighted mean gallbladder dimensions: length (5.31 ± 0.65 cm), width (1.57 ± 0.52 cm), height (1.68 ± 0.48 cm), volume (7.31 ± 2.72 cm3), and wall thickness (2.59 ± 0.48 mm). While no significant differences were found between male and female gallbladder width and volume, notable distinctions were observed in GBL, height, and wall thickness between genders. Correlation analyses revealed significant associations between gallbladder dimensions (length, width, and volume) and demographic parameters such as age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), body surface area, and gallbladder wall thickness (GBWT). Interestingly, gallbladder height showed no significant correlation with height, weight, or BMI, while GBWT exhibited correlations with various demographic factors.

Conclusion:

This research successfully established reference ranges for gallbladder dimensions in healthy school-aged children, underlining gender-specific disparities in certain measurements.
Cord Blood Bilirubin as a Predictor of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Beg Saman , Firdaus Uzma , Ali Syed Manazir
Published: December 2024

Introduction:

In the 1st week of life, hyperbilirubinemia is the most common clinical condition in newborns that has to be evaluated and treated. It is also a prominent cause of readmission to the hospital. Some newborns experience noticeable, potentially dangerous bilirubin levels, which can directly increase the risk of severe brain damage, despite it being a benign, postnatal, transitory phenomenon. The current investigation looked at the relationship between cord blood bilirubin levels and the predictability of pathological jaundice.

Materials and Methods:

Cord blood bilirubin was estimated at birth. Bilirubin estimation was done at 48 h, 72 h, and 5–7 days of life using a trans-bilirubinometer. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee.

Results:

Significant hyperbilirubinemia was found in 3.7% of the neonates. A statistically significant correlation was found between cord blood bilirubin and the development of significant hyperbilirubinemia at 48 h of life. Gender, gestational age, birth weight, and use of Oxytocin have no correlation with cord bilirubin or the subsequent development of jaundice. A cord blood value of >2 mg/dL has a high negative predictive value (98%), sensitivity (83%), specificity (41%), and positive predictive value (5.3%) in predicting the future development of future pathological jaundice.

Conclusions:

A high negative predictive value in our study suggests that healthy term babies with cord bilirubin ≤2 mg/dL can be discharged early with assurance to parents. Babies with cord blood bilirubin >2 mg/dL should be followed more frequently.
Age- and Urothelium-related Changes in Hydrogen Sulfide-induced Responses in Mouse Bladder
Authors: Aydinoglu Fatma , Toyran Tugba , Ogulener Nuran
Published: December 2024

The alterations in bladder function are associated with aging. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous neurotransmitter that is synthesized in the urinary bladder and is suggested to regulate bladder smooth muscle tone. The effects of age and urothelium on the L-cysteine/H2S-induced relaxant responses were investigated in young (3–4 months) and aged (23–24 months) mice. The relaxant responses to endogenous H2S (L-cysteine) augmented in denuded urothelium bladder tissue in both age groups. However, the relaxant responses to exogenous H2S (sodium hydrogen sulfide: 1 μM - 3 mM) did not change by disruption of the urothelium. The contractile response to carbachol increased in intact bladder tissues of aged mice compared to young mice. On the other hand, contractile responses to carbachol decreased in the denuded bladder tissues of aged compared to young mice. In addition, cystathionine-β-synthase, cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), and 3 mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) enzymes which are responsible for H2S synthesis were intensively detected in the urothelium and vascular smooth muscle of bladder by immunohistochemistry. CSE and 3-MST were observed lesser in the smooth muscle of aged bladder tissue. These results suggest that relaxation to the L-cysteine/H2S pathway and contraction to carbachol of the bladder are affected by aging and urothelium. H2S- and urothelium-related molecular and biological changes may be responsible for bladder dysfunctions by aging. Understanding the mechanisms involved in chemical and mechanical signaling of the H2S pathway may provide important insights into the development of novel targets for the clinical management of age-related bladder dysfunctions in human such as overactive bladder, lower urinary tract symptoms, and other urological diseases. In this context, it is important to note that L-cysteine/H2S pathway may be recognized a new therapeutic target bladder disorders.
Low dose ondansetron with dexamethasone for prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting following laparoscopic cholecystectomy—A randomized double-blind study
Authors: Chilkoti Geetanjali T , Nandanan Janaki , Saxena Ashok Kumar , Seth Varun , Kaur Navneet , Maurya Prakriti
Published: December 2024

Background and Aims:

Ondansetron and dexamethasone combination is effective for prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Ondansetron, when compared to dexamethasone, is known to cause more adverse effects and is relatively expensive. The present study evaluated the efficacy of standard dose and low dose ondansetron, i.e. 100 μg/kg and 50 μg/kg, respectively, with dexamethasone 8 mg for PONV prophylaxis in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).

Material and Methods:

After the approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee-Human Research [IEC-HR] and prospective CTRI registration, this randomized, double-blind interventional study was conducted following informed consent from each participant. Patients aged 18–65 years of either sex, with ASA physical status I or II, undergoing LC under general anesthesia, were included and divided into groups C and L. Patients in groups C and L received 100 μg and 50 μg of ondansetron, respectively, in combination with 8 mg dexamethasone. The incidence of PONV in first 6 hrs, PONV score, rescue antiemetic consumption, rescue analgesia, and hemodynamic parameters were recorded.

Results:

A total of 110 patients were included with 55 in each group. Incidence of PONV in the first 6 hours was found to be higher in 1–2 hour- and 2–3-hour time intervals in group L; but was significant only at 1–2-hour time interval (P < 0.05). Proportion of patients needing rescue antiemetic in the first 6 hours was higher in group L but was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

We observed that 50 μg/kg combination of ondansetron was associated with higher incidence of post operative nausea in the immediate postoperative period than 100 μg/kg dose; however, no significant difference was observed in incidence of post-operative vomiting between two doses following LC.
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease of the ocular adnexa – A case report
Authors: Ranjan Rahul S. , Namrata  , Prasad Pallavi , Singh Anil K.
Published: December 2024

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease of the ocular adnexa is a systemic fibroinflammatory process of unknown etiology characterized by tissue infiltration by Immunoglobulin G4 plasma cells. In this case report, we present a case of Immunoglobulin G4-related disease involving extraocular muscles and lacrimal gland in a young female with initial and follow-up magnetic resonance imaging findings.
A rare complication in management of traumatic optic neuropathy
Authors: Prasad Sushad , Sivakumar Priya
Published: December 2024

Traumatic head injury can cause inappropriately increased Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, causing water retention and thereby dilutional hyponatremia. Corticosteroids despite controversies, form an important line in the management of traumatic optic neuropathy (TON). Treatment with steroids in patients with undiagnosed Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH Secretion (SIADH) can cause life-threatening hyponatremias. The patient diagnosed with right eye TON was treated with systemic steroids. She developed fatigability, vomiting, and pedal edema. Electrolyte profile and urinary sodium showed hyponatremia and natriuresis following which SIADH was diagnosed. Steroids were stopped; the Patient was started on hypertonic saline, a salt-restricted diet, and Tolvapatan after which sodium levels normalized. Electrolyte workup has a major role in TON management with steroids.
The Enigma of Collapsed Lung in a Young Female
Authors: Ramesh  , Shriram A. , Sharma M. Vishnu
Published: December 2024

The most common cause for primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PTX) is congenital blebs or bullae. All patients with primary spontaneous PTX require high-resolution computed tomography thorax to find the underlying structural lung disease if any, as the cause for PTX. A thorough family history and physical examination are also essential to find the underlying predisposing causes if any. We report a case of primary spontaneous PTX in a young female with localized multiple bullae without any obvious predisposing factors which is unusual.
Constructing an Artificial Intelligent Deep Neural Network Battery for Tongue Region Segmentation and Tongue Characteristic Recognition
Authors: Yi Tian-Xing , Chen Jian-Xin , Wang Xue-Song , Kou Meng-Jie , Deng Qing-Qiong , Wang Xu
Published: December 2024

Objective:

This study aimed to construct a two-stage deep learning framework to segment and recognize tongue images and enhance the accuracy and efficiency of artificial intelligence (AI) tongue diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

Materials and Methods:

Five hundred and ninety-four tongue images of adequate quality were used to construct AI models. First, a multi-attention UNet model was used for semantic segmentation to distinguish the tongue body from the background. In the second stage, a residual network was employed to classify seven important tongue characteristics.

Results:

The segmentation model achieved 96.12% mean intersection over union, 98.91% mean pixel accuracy, and 97.15% mean precision. The classification models exhibited robustness across seven distinct characteristics with an overall accuracy >80%. These results indicated that the constructed models have potential applications in TCM.

Conclusions:

This two-stage approach not only streamlines the analysis of tongue images but also sets a new benchmark for accuracy in medical image processing in the field.
Influência das classes pedológicas na fitofisionomia e estrutura florestal
Authors: Cordeiro Juliano , Carlos Ríos Román , Roderjan Carlos Vellozo , Ribas Curcio Gustavo
Published: December 2024

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência da categorização pedológica na fitofisionomia e estrutura de uma área de Floresta Ombrófila Mista na região central do Paraná. Foram selecionados quatro pedoambientes com base em variações geomorfológicas, pedológicas e fitofisionômicas. O levantamento fitossociológico foi realizado com a alocação de 80 parcelas de área fixa de 100 m2, (diâmetro ≥ 4,7 cm). As espécies Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze, Gymnanthes klotzschiana Müll.Arg., Muellera campestris (Mart. ex Benth.) M.J. Silva & A.M.G. Azevedo, Campomanesia xanthocarpa O.Berg e Eugenia uniflora L., foram as mais representativas nos quatro pedoambientes, pelos valores de VI. O pedoambiente Frontal/Cambissolo Háplico se diferenciou dos demais pela sua composição florística, estrutura horizontal e área basal. Os pedoambientes com solos semi-hidromórficos apresentaram um conjunto diferenciado de espécies com indivíduos de menor porte e área basal e com o predomínio de G. klotzchiana. A categorização evidenciou que as espécies arbóreas não se distribuem uniformemente no ambiente florestal, onde a ocorrência e o porte dos indivíduos variaram conforme mudaram as características dos pedoambientes. Os fatores relacionados à geomorfologia, pedologia e fitofisionomia influenciaram a distribuição e estrutura da vegetação, devendo ser considerados no planejamento e gestão de projetos que visem à restauração da flora.
Characteristics of corpse damage caused by scuds = Charakterystyka uszkodzeń zwłok spowodowanych przez kiełże
Authors: Wojarska Magda , Ziobro Lidia , Boruta Oliwia , Shtohryn Kateryna , Suchcicka Julia , Wojturska Wiktoria , Rzepecka-Woźniak Ewa , Konopka Tomasz
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study was to investigate in which rivers and water bodies the phenomenon of corpse damage caused by scuds occurs, whether it is related to the duration of the body’s immersion in water, and to define the common characteristics of such skin lesions. Furthermore, the frequency of its occurrence was assessed, taking into account air temperature and season.

Material and methods: The autopsy reports from the Department of Forensic Medicine at Jagiellonian University in Krakow for the years 2015-2024 were analysed. A total of 285 cases of drowning victims were selected. The occurrence and type of injuries were verified based on documentation and autopsy photographs. Histopathological examinations were performed at the Department of Forensic Medicine to confirm the presence of human proteins in the digestive system of crustaceans.

Results and conclusions: A common feature in all the cases was the punctate disruption of the epidermis. In 5 out of 285 cases, small crustaceans were found, along with epidermal lesions on exposed parts of the body. Similar damage, but without the presence of individuals of scuds, was present on 25 bodies. No typical damage caused by D. haemobaphes was found on corpses in an advanced state of decomposition. The phenomenon of scud scavenging on corpses was observed almost exclusively at positive air temperatures, with an increase during the spring-summer period. The characteristic punctate epidermal lesions on corpses retrieved from water are the result of scud scavenging, including D. haemobaphes. Such damage occurred only when the time between the victim’s death due to drowning and their retrieval from the water was short. The largest number of drowning victims with signs of scud scavenging was found in the Vistula River.
Intra-familial rape – characteristics of the phenomenon = Zgwałcenie w rodzinie – charakterystyka zjawiska
Authors: Więcek-Durańska Anna
Published: December 2024

The main aim of the study was an attempt to develop and present characteristics of rapes that occurred in the family, with consideration of the modus operandi of the perpetrators according to the degree of kinship, their motivational background, the circumstances under which the acts were committed, and the psychosocial profile of the perpetrator and the victim. Moreover, an attempt was made to isolate the risk factors for intra-familial rapes, with the possibility of using them in preventive measures. The study was conducted based on empirical material from court cases in which the perpetrators of rapes were related to the victims. The research material consisted of files of criminal cases completed with a final judgment in 2015-2020. At the request of the researcher, criminal cases meeting the accepted criteria, where the male or female perpetrator of rape was a person related to the victim or a partner, were made available from the criminal departments of the courts. In the study presented here, a total of 46 intra-familial rape cases were analysed, of which 38 involve incestuous rape and 8 involve partner rape. Regardless of the type of abuse and kinship, the perpetrators were characterized by a fairly low psychosocial status (low level of education, low occupational status), addiction or alcohol abuse, personality disorders, problems with higher emotionality. Most of the acts against minors were of a substitutionary nature, the perpetrators did not show sexual preference disorders in the form of paedophilia. Alcohol abuse and personality disorders are risk factors irrespective of the cases. Impulse and emotional control deficits, deficits in understanding emotions and feelings, low self-esteem and lack of established normal male role models. A risk factor is the perpetrators’ limited intellect and associated impaired social functioning: reduced critical thinking, lack of internalised social norms, elevated levels of sexual drive and limitations in the areas of impulse control and deferring gratification.
Kryzys uchodźczy z Ukrainy – wybrane aspekty
Authors: Urbańska Natalia , Ochyra-Żurawska Katarzyna
Published: December 2024

Minione wydarzenia z wiosny 2014 roku na Ukrainie, nie tylko miały wpływ na panujące pierwotnie uwarunkowania bezpieczeństwa w Europie i na światowej arenie, lecz także zobowiązały społeczność międzynarodową do podjęcia odpowiednich działań w obliczu zaistniałej sytuacji. Państwa i organizacje międzynarodowe, zostały poniekąd zmuszone do reakcji w kontekście naruszenia prawa międzynarodowego przez Federację Rosyjską, działań sprzecznych z rosyjsko-ukraińskimi umowami międzynarodowymi oraz destabilizacji ustalonego po zakończeniu drugiej wojny światowej porządku na świecie. W pierwszej części artykułu opisano genezę konfliktu na Ukrainie. W głównej części przedstawiono reakcję społeczności międzynarodowej na wybuch wojny. Niniejszy artykuł jest próbą wskazania genezy konfliktu rosyjsko-ukraińskiego, a także reakcję społeczności międzynarodowej na powstały kryzys uchodźczy. Problem badawczy sformułowano: Jak kryzys uchodźczy wpłynął na społeczność międzynarodową? Odpowiednio to postawionego problemu badawczego sformułowano hipotezę badawczą: Kryzys uchodźczy wpłynął znacząco na społeczność międzynarodową, prowadząc do zmian w polityce migracyjnej, wzrostu napięć społecznych oraz wyzwań związanych z integracją uchodźców, a także do wzmożenia współpracy międzynarodowej i humanitarnej. Na potrzeby badań posłużono się metodą analizy literatury, aktów prawnych oraz rzetelnych źródeł internetowych.
Prawa człowieka w czasie stanu wojennego na przykładzie Ukrainy
Authors: Strutynska Tetiana
Published: December 2024

Celem artykułu jest analiza stanu przestrzegania praw człowieka na Ukrainie, w okresie stanu wojennego. Poniższa analiza jest niezbędna, aby zrozumieć, jak wprowadzenie stanu wojennego wpływa na podstawowe prawa i wolności obywatelskie oraz jakie mechanizmy ochronne są w tym czasie stosowane. Głównym problemem badawczym jest ocena, w jakim stopniu stan wojenny na Ukrainie narusza prawa człowieka oraz jakie są główne zagrożenia i wyzwania dla systemu prawnego i instytucji odpowiedzialnych za ich ochronę. Natomiast hipoteza zakłada, że wprowadzenie stanu wojennego na Ukrainie prowadzi do istotnych naruszeń praw człowieka, ograniczając wolność słowa, zgromadzeń oraz prawo do sprawiedliwego procesu. Jednakże istnieją również pewne mechanizmy, które mogą łagodzić te naruszenia i zapewniać minimalny poziom ochrony praw obywatelskich. Artykuł opiera się na metodach analizie jakościowej, obejmującą głównie przegląd aktów prawnych i dekretów, wprowadzających stan wojenny oraz ich zgodność z międzynarodowymi standardami praw człowieka. Analiza wskazuje na znaczące ograniczenia praw obywatelskich i naruszenia praw człowieka w czasie stanu wojennego na Ukrainie.
Oddziaływania antywiktymizacyjne w sferze ekonomii społecznej
Authors: Hołyst Brunon
Published: December 2024

Celem artykułu jest analiza działań antywiktymizacyjnych w odniesieniu do ekonomii społecznej. W celu przeprowadzenia badań, sformułowano problem badawczy: Jak ważny jest obszar zagadnień dotyczących wiktymizacji uwarunkowanej czynnikami społeczno-ekonomicznymi, który dotyczy kwestii wykluczenia społecznego na tle ubóstwa. Odpowiednio do postawionego problemu badawczego sformułowano hipotezę badawczą, która zakłada, iż ubóstwo stanowi jeden z najbardziej znaczących składników, warunkujących patologię życia społecznego w sensie egzystencjalnym, instytucjonalnymi politycznym. Negatywne czynniki bardzo często występują łącznie (np. alkoholizm i upośledzenie, niskie uposażenie i choroba, wielodzietność i bezrobocie), są wzmacniane przez mechanizmy generujące ubóstwo w makro strukturze społecznej, co w całokształcie stwarza ryzyko popadania w tak zwane ubóstwo długotrwałe, w którym podstawową orientacją życiową jest kategoria przetrwania. Weryfikacja powyższej hipotezy oraz uzyskanie odpowiedzi na powyższe pytania wymagało zastosowania metod badawczych w tym dokonania krytycznej analizy aktów prawnych, dokumentów i wybranych pozycji literatury przedmiotu. Autor zwraca uwagę, iż badania krajów rozwijających się, powinny przyczynić się do poprawy sytuacji ludzi tam mieszkających, czyli służyć rozwiązywaniu konkretnych problemów. Wskazuje się, że nie ma specyficznych, geograficznych problemów rozwoju. To ludzie, grupy społeczne, które ją zamieszkują i zagospodarowują określone środowisko naturalne, wchodząc z nim w różnego typu interakcje, napotykają stale różne problemy związane z jego wykorzystaniem, dostosowaniem się do panujących warunków. Podsumowując autor stwierdza, iż ważny obszar zagadnień, dotyczących wiktymizacji uwarunkowanej czynnikami społeczno-ekonomicznymi, dotyczy kwestii wykluczenia społecznego na tle ubóstwa.
Ocena wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na branżę lotniczą, w tym na przewozy pasażerskie, linie lotnicze i infrastrukturę lotniskową
Authors: Ochyra Patryk , Maćkowiak Maciej , Saderski Patryk
Published: December 2024

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ocena wpływu pandemii COVID-19 na branżę lotniczą, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem przewozów pasażerskich, kondycji linii lotniczych oraz funkcjonowania infrastruktury lotniskowej. Analiza ma na celu zrozumienie długoterminowych skutków pandemii oraz identyfikację przyszłych wyzwań i kierunków rozwoju branży. Autorzy w pierwszej części opisują poszczególne etapy pandemii. Kolejno opisują wpływ na branżę lotniczą oraz infrastrukturę, uwzględniając bezpośrednie skutki pandemii na przewozy pasażerskie. W ostatniej części przedstawiają rozwój nowych strategii przetrwania dla linii lotniczych. Problem badawczy sformułowano: W jaki sposób pandemia COVID-19 wpłynęła na różne aspekty branży lotniczej i jakie zmiany strukturalne oraz operacyjne były konieczne, aby przetrwać kryzys? Kluczowe jest również określenie, jakie długoterminowe konsekwencje będą miały zmiany wprowadzone w odpowiedzi na pandemię. Odpowiednio do postawionego problemu dawczego sformułowano hipotezę badawczą, która zakłada, że pandemia COVID-19 wywarła znaczący, negatywny wpływ na branżę lotniczą, prowadząc do drastycznego spadku liczby pasażerów, problemów finansowych linii lotniczych oraz konieczności wprowadzenia nowych procedur i technologii w infrastrukturze lotniskowej. Długoterminowe skutki pandemii będą wymagały dalszych analiz, aby w pełni zrozumieć zmiany w zachowaniach konsumentów i strukturalne przemiany w branży. W ramach badania skorzystano z najnowszych badań przedstawionych w dokumentach i raportach z obszaru lotnictwa cywilnego, opublikowanych w latach 2020–2022 przez organizacje międzynarodowe, a także przeprowadzono analizę w oparciu o artykuły naukowe z ostatnich lat. Informacje pozyskane zostały również z krajowych aktów prawnych oraz dokumentów publikowanych przez organy Unii Europejskiej.
Mengintegrasikan Bisnis dan Pelayanan
Authors: Eppang Paulus , Suparyadi Zakharia , Hariyanto Hariyanto
Published: December 2024

The concept of a servant of God doing business and serving is an important intersection of faith and entrepreneurship. A servant of God should be able to effectively integrate spiritual beliefs into business practices to advance the Kingdom of God, using various scientific perspectives. The purpose of this paper is: to provide an understanding of the concept of a servant of God doing business and serving simultaneously according to the biblical perspective as well as its implementation. This research uses library research, which makes literature data as a theory to be studied and examined in obtaining hypotheses or conceptions to obtain objective results and then arranged systematically and structured. This research explains, first: there is no difference between “secular or spiritual” work in the view of God and the Bible. Second: a servant of God who serves and works must be able to be salt and light and influence positively so as to change the situation. Third: the life of a servant of God who serves needs to always keep his heart and spirit burning in serving God even though he also has to work outside the church to reach the world for God's kingdom.
 
Konsep hamba Tuhan berbisnis dan melayani merupakan hal yang penting antara iman dan kewirausahaan. Seorang hamba Tuhan harus dapat secara efektif mengintegrasikan keyakinan spiritual ke dalam praktik bisnis untuk memajukan Kerajaan Allah, dengan menggunakan berbagai perspektif ilmiah. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah: untuk memberikan pemahaman tentang konsep hamba Tuhan yang melakukan bisnis dan melayani secara bersamaan menurut sudut pandang Alkitab serta implementasinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan, yaitu menjadikan data-data kepustakaan sebagai teori untuk dikaji dan ditelaah dalam memperoleh hipotesa atau konsepsi untuk mendapatkan hasil yang objektif kemudian disusun secara sistematis dan terstruktur. Penelitian ini menjelaskan, pertama: tidak ada perbedaan antara pekerjaan “sekuler atau rohani” dalam pandangan Allah maupun Alkitab. Kedua: seorang hamba Tuhan yang melayani dan bekerja harus mampu menjadi garam dan terang serta mempengaruhi secara positif sehingga mengubah keadaan. Ketiga: kehidupan hamba Tuhan yang melayani perlu untuk senantiasa menjaga hati dan rohnya untuk terus menyala-nyala dalam melayani Tuhan meski juga harus bekerja di luar gereja untuk menjangkau dunia bagi kerajaan Allah.
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF NANOCRYSTAL CELLULOSE DERIVED FROM Parkia biglobosa POD
Authors: Didigwu S. O. , Ezeh E. C. , Nsude O. P. , Orie K. J. , Odoh F. I. , Ephraim E. E.
Published: December 2024

The careless dumping of agricultural waste in Nigeria is a significant environmental issue that requires attention. Some states in Nigeria haphazardly dump the pod of Parkia biglobosa, a pod that should have served an essential purpose in the waste to wealth context. The study investigates the synthesis and characterization of nanocellulose derived from the Parkia biglobosa pod. Standard procedures were used to isolate nanocellulose and were characterised with FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRD, TGA, and DTG techniques. The FTIR analysis identified the existence of O-H, C-O-C pyranose rings, and cellulose ?-glycosidic connections. The SEM showed a surface that was uneven and had small clusters of the NCC. The devolatilization of cellulose in the raw and NCC of ALBP was recorded at 43.205% and 71.90%, respectively, with the NCC exhibiting the highest value. At 380?C and 400?C, the thermal decomposition peaks for raw Parkia biglobosa and NCC caused the most weight loss. Nanocrystal cellulose has a higher crystallinity index than raw pod powder. Using EDX, the elemental analysis revealed the presence of raw C (49.21%) and O (50.79%), while the NCC contains C (46.03%) and O (53.93%). with some variations. Various treatments applied to the raw locust bean pod correlate with the change in percentage mass. Thus, the NCC might be employed as a reinforcing ingredient for the creation of green composites, binder, adsorbents, and polymeric polymers.
Uloga središnjih banaka u procesu klimatske tranzicije
Authors: Balog Biljana , Brkić Luka
Published: December 2024

Klimatske promjene predstavljaju jedan od najvećih izazova s kojima se suočava suvremeno društvo. Klimatska tranzicija smatra se globalnim izazovom koji zahtijeva neodgodive akcije za smanjenje emisija stakleničkih plinova i prilagodbu društva na promjene u okolišu. Središnje banke, kao ključne institucije monetarne politike, imaju potencijal i odgovornost pridonijeti klimatskoj tranziciji. Ovaj rad temelji se na istraživanju uloge središnjih banaka u klimatskoj tranziciji. Glavne funkcije središnjih banaka, održavanje stabilnosti cijena i nadzor financijskog sustava, danas su suočene s novim izazovima. Slijedom toga, rad će ponuditi odgovore na relevantna istraživačka pitanja: 1. trebaju li se središnje banke baviti temom klimatskih promjena i zašto, 2. koji su instrumenti središnjih banaka koji se mogu koristiti za poticanje održivog razvoja, 3. kako središnje banke surađuju međusobno i s drugim mjerodavnim institucijama te 4. utječu li klimatske promjene na makroekonomska kretanja.
Narrative Review: Sistem Transportasi Publik Di Smart City Jakarta Untuk Mengurangi Kemacetan
Authors: Herdiana Ananda Claudia Herdiana
Published: December 2024

The Jakarta City Government has implemented various innovations in public transportation modes to attract public interest and reduce traffic congestion and air pollution. This journal discusses the application of Smart Mobility systems, which include the Commuter Line (KRL), Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Mass Rapid Transit (MRT), and Light Rail Transit (LRT). Through the integration of transportation modes, cashless payment systems, and real-time information, Jakarta has successfully improved travel efficiency and user comfort. Data from TomTom indicates a significant decrease in traffic congestion, from 61% in 2017 to 34% in 2021. Additionally, Jakarta received the Sustainable Transport Award (STA) in 2021, signifying success in creating a sustainable transportation system. However, the implementation of Smart Mobility also faces challenges such as dependence on technology, high implementation costs, and data privacy issues. This research provides insights into the advantages and disadvantages of Smart Mobility systems and their implications for the future of public transportation in Jakarta.
Calculating Insurance Premiums for Stroke Patients Using the Multistate Markov Chain Method
Authors: Aufhar Ihkam Amalul , Fasya Emir Shiddiq
Published: December 2024

Health insurance premium is one of the important elements in the insurance industry that needs to be calculated correctly so that insurance companies can minimize risks and losses. In this study, insurance premiums for stroke patients are calculated by utilizing the Markov Chain method. This method is used to model the movement of a patient's health condition over time, considering various conditions such as recovery, relapse, or death. Each condition is represented by a state in the Markov Chain model, and the transition between states is calculated based on patient history data and transition probabilities. Based on the modeling results, a more accurate premium estimation is obtained compared to conventional methods, as it is able to consider the dynamics of changing health conditions. This research provides important insights for the insurance industry in risk management as well as more optimal premium calculations for patients with chronic diseases such as stroke.
Performance Comparison of Ant Colony Optimization and Artificial Bee Colony in Solving the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem
Authors: Setyawan Deva Putra , Lianingsih Nestia , Saputra Moch Panji Agung
Published: December 2024

The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is a combinatorial optimization problem widely applied in logistics and supply chain management. It involves determining the optimal routes for a fleet of vehicles with limited capacity to serve a set of customers with specific demands while minimizing travel costs. This study compares the performance of two popular metaheuristic algorithms, Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), in solving the CVRP. The research implements both algorithms on standard benchmark datasets, evaluating solution accuracy and computational efficiency. Simulation results indicate that ACO tends to excel in finding high-quality solutions, particularly for problems with high complexity, whereas ABC demonstrates superior computational efficiency on small- to medium-scale datasets. A detailed analysis of algorithm parameters was also conducted to understand their impact on the performance of both methods. This study provides valuable insights into the strengths and limitations of each algorithm in the context of CVRP and paves the way for the development of hybrid approaches in the future.
Game Theory as a Marketing Optimization Tool: A Case Study on Kelom Geulis
Authors: Azahra Astrid Sulistya , Saefullah Rifki , Wahid Alim Jaizul
Published: December 2024

Competition in the market for traditional art products, such as Kelom Geulis, has become increasingly intense along with the growing public interest in aesthetically and culturally valuable items. This competition forces producers to develop effective marketing strategies to maintain their competitiveness. This study adopts a game theory approach to evaluate and formulate optimal marketing strategies between two major producers. The research method involves the use of questionnaires covering three main aspects: improving product quality, setting competitive prices, and enhancing customer service. Data analysis is conducted using a payoff matrix to determine the best strategies that can increase profits or reduce losses for each party.The results show that a saddle point is reached at a value of 4.57, where PT A achieves a profit increase from 4 to 4.57, while PT B reduces its loss from 6 to 4.57. This optimal strategy can be achieved if PT A prioritizes improving product quality and setting competitive prices, while PT B A prioritizes setting competitive prices and service quality enhancement. The implementation of these strategies has proven effective in strengthening the competitiveness of Kelom Geulis in the market. This study is expected to serve as a practical reference for Kelom Geulis producers to continuously adapt their marketing strategies, ensuring their relevance in the market and appealing to consumers