bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate emergency: civil engineers need to start taking a more proactive role
Authors: Thorniley-Walker Robert
Published: January 2020

Civil engineers should be helping society with valid concerns over the environment and helping with coming emergencies. Robert Thorniley-Walker, formerly of the Institution of Civil Engineers climate task force and a speaker at Paris 2015, reviews past and future needs.
Determination of soil permeability coefficient following an updated grading entropy method
Authors: O’Kelly Brendan C , Nogal María
Published: January 2020

This paper presents a critical review of the grading entropy approach of permeability-coefficient predictions (k P) for coarse-grained soils. The approach applies the grading entropy theory to particle-size distributions (PSDs), such that the entirety of each gradation curve can be interpreted as a single point on a grading entropy chart, plotting its normalised entropy increment (B) against relative base grading entropy (A) values. Published data sets of measured permeability-coefficient (k M) values for saturated compacted silty sand, sand and gravel materials are examined to understand the dependence of A and B on various gradation parameters and the void ratio (e). In particular, log k M negatively correlates with log B and positively correlates with log A and e (log e). As such, power functions of the form [Formula: see text] prove statistically superior, noting that the fitting coefficient C 1 to C 4 values are specific to the PSD range and densification (compaction) states investigated for the permeability tests. Recommendations are given for increasing the predictive power, including separate models for well-graded and poorly graded materials and the addition of a particle shape factor and specific surface parameters in the regression correlation.
Inflammatory cells in perivascular adipose tissue and the integrity of the tunica media in atherosclerotic coronary arteries
Authors: Zorc-Pleskovič Ruda , Zorc Marjeta , Šuput Dušan , Milutinović Aleksandra
Published: January 2020

Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is characterized by inflammation within the atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Infiltration of inflammatory cells into muscular media can lead to remodeling and weakening of the arterial wall. We examined the relationship between inflammatory infiltration in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), state of the external elastic membrane, and the intensity of inflammatory infiltration in the tunica media of coronary arteries obtained by endarterectomy from symptomatic patients with diffuse CAD. We analyzed endarterectomy sequesters from 22 coronary arteries that contained the intima, media, a part of the adventitia, and PVAT in at least one part of the sequester. The coronary arteries were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of inflammatory infiltration in PVAT. Staining with hematoxylin-eosin and by the Movat's method showed atherosclerotic changes in the intima and media. Immunohistochemistry (anti-leukocyte common antigen [LCA] antibody) was used for the detection of leukocytes. We found a significant positive correlation between inflammatory infiltration in PVAT and preservation of the external elastic membrane of coronary arteries. Furthermore, we found a significant negative correlation between inflammatory infiltration in PVAT and the intensity of inflammatory infiltration in the media. It seems that the integrity of the external elastic membrane and the proinflammatory properties of PVAT restrain inflammatory cells within PVAT. Both effects may prevent the migration of inflammatory cells into the media and delay the development of CAD.
Eudiometry (18th century analysis of the percentage of O2 in the atmosphere) v1
Authors: Grau Josep , Bonet Josep , Ferre Jordi
Published: January 2020

Reproduction of a XVIII century procedure for the analysis of the volumetric percentage of Oxygen in the atmosphere. The procedure uses polysulfides as an oxygen-consuming reactive. The change in volume of a sample of atmospheric air is measured before and after oxygen has been consumed.
Features of Pedagogical Workers Preparation for the Organization and Holding of All-Russian School Olympiads in Municipal Education System
Authors: Golubnichaya Elena V. , Yanova Marina G.
Published: January 2020

The article discusses the features of training teachers to organize and hold the All-Russian School Olympiad in the municipal education system. The authors substantiate the necessity and relevance of teacher training organization for the organization and holding of the School Olympiad in the municipal education system. Specific attention is paid to the normative documents regulating the procedure of the Olympiad. Experience of teacher preparation for the organization and holding of the School Olympiad in municipal education system is considered. The programme of the training seminar “Organization and Holding of the All-Russian Olympiad in the Municipal Education System” is presented.
Contemporary Features of Innovative Development of the Russian Mineral Resource Com
Authors: Kryukov Valeriy A. , Tokarev Anatoliy N.
Published: January 2020

As of now, the mineral resource complex (MRC) is playing a crucial role in the Russian economy. In a situation when the resource base is becoming problematic and the economy of knowledge begins to hold sway, the stability and competitiveness of the complex will depend on innovative technological development in many ways. The factor that is becoming ever more crucial for the MRC is the use of new knowledge and technologies: the rights to results of intellectual work, technologies that allow extraction and economic exploitation of scarce and hard-to-reach resources. The conducted analysis has revealed that the Russian MRC currently demonstrates low innovation activity and lacks new technologies conducive to efficient technical and economic implementation of numerous new projects. Development and widespread introduction of domestic innovative technologies, equipment and materials are becoming the concerns of vital importance. Considering the role of MRC in the Russian economy, growing complexity of the resource base, sanctions from a number of states, the current situation in the innovative sphere may hardly be accepted as satisfactory. The indicators of the economic development testify to the existing discrepancy between the role of MRC in the Russian economy and the results of innovation policy of domestic extracting companies
Higher Education in Resource-Type Regions
Authors: Kurbatova Margarita V. , Donova Inna V.
Published: January 2020

Currently, attention to regional economies of resource type is on the rise. Many papers dealing the “resource curse” problem discuss the mechanisms forming a trap of human capital underdevelopment. This article is an attempt to find out whether resource dependence of the region affects the development of regional higher education systems and the characteristics of high-quality accumulated human capital. The basis for this study is a fuzzy typology of the Russian regions based on two indicators: the share of extractive industries in GRP, the ratio of the shares of extractive and manufacturing industries, and the calculation of a comprehensive assessment of resource dependence (on the scale from 0 to 10). The calculations made it possible to identify 27 resource-type regions. The authors analyzed the indicators of the educational level of the employed population and the peculiarities of its use (accumulated human capital), the number of university students (human capital flow), as well as dependence of the reduction in the number of academic staff and growth in their salaries on the level of the region’s resource dependence. The study found dependence in the use of high-quality human capital on the resource specialization of the regions. It is manifested in a fairly high educational level of the workforce employed in mining industries and in the public sector, as well as with specialized training. Moreover, based on the levels of changes in the number of faculty and growth of their salaries, it is possible to observe an increase in the uneven development of the education systems of the resource-type regions, deepening differentiation of universities downshifting most of them towards the periphery of the educational space with a shortage of human and other resources
“Triple Helix” Model for Recourse-Based Regio
Authors: Popodko Galina I. , Nagaeva Olga S.
Published: January 2020

Exhaustion of non-renewable mineral resources determines sustainable socio-economic development of resource-based regions. However, mineral resource abundance is an essential competitive advantage that can be used for innovative development of regional economies. At the first stage of creating innovative economy, pilot innovation projects can be implemented in mining industry, and then in manufacturing and service sectors of economy. For this, an effective model of innovative activity in a resource-based region should be developed. In this article we consider the “triple helix” model. The purpose of this article is to assess the potential for innovative development of a resource-based region through the “triple helix” model. We have studied the Krasnoyarsk Krai as a typical resource-based region. The use of the “triple helix” model results in a change in the roles of actors in innovation process. Universities play a major role and become entrepreneurial universities. The entrepreneurial university aims to create and implement innovations through technology transfer to industry. At the same time, the government becomes an equal partner of innovation process, and a customer for the development of advanced production technologies. Effective implementation of the “triple helix” model requires quantitative assessment at a regional level. For this, we suggest a system of indicators and methodology for assessing the level of innovative development for a resource-based region. This methodology is our contribution to the theory of innovative development
Approaches to Modelling Territorial Brand
Authors: Butova Tatiana G. , Krotova Irina V. , Demakova Evgenia A. , Iakovleva Ekaterina Iu. , Morgun Vasily N.
Published: January 2020

Strategic goals of stable development of territories of all levels at the expense of producing competitive goods and increase in export potential of regional producers, as well as the need to improve quality of life, have justified the necessity of using effective technologies for territory branding, which, in turn, requires theoretic solution of some scientific problems in terminological and instrumental areas of knowledge. Current problems of the regional branding as the branding of special areas have got less attention than national and regional branding, which has led to the lack of common concepts and continuation of terminological discussions, and also searching for universal model of the regional branding. Researches done by the specialists in this area have allowed us to know their views on the definition of the term “regional branding” in relation to the need to develop structural models of brands (different for different regions), to consider commodity brands as preferrable constituent parts of regional brands, to develop integrated model of consumer values which form preferences in selection of food products of well-known brands and brands of local producers. In the conclusion of the present work there is a list of problems to be solved in future studies through interdisciplinary approaches
Exogenous Model of Job Satisfaction
Authors: Shevchuk Igor A. , Melnikova Tatyana B.
Published: January 2020

The paper contributes to the existing job satisfaction models by introducing a new exogenous variable, regional tourism development. Tourism does not only change the regional economy and infrastructure; it creates new cultural practices, causes the change in the attitude to health and leisure, presents a different model of judgement and decisionmaking. Consequently, it may be suggested that the tourism development rate influences the behaviour model of the local residents. It is proposed to identify the changes based on two-stage modelling with the help of multiple linear and non-linear regression. At the first stage, the relationship between tourism development and cultural practices, as well as between tourism development and quality of life are investigated on the basis of objective data. Low tourism growth rates provoke an increase in both cultural practices and quality of life; however, in the future, at medium growth rates, motivated convictions begin to form dissipated ideas of leisure in the residents’ behaviour. At the second stage, the residents’ self-assessment was applied to build overall and exogenous models of job satisfaction. The influence of the exogenous variable decreased the impact of the material factor (salary satisfaction) on job satisfaction, forming a new attitude to leisure, and, therefore, causing changes in the people’s psychological well-being. The results revealed that one’s own sense of sufficient labour-leisure balance decreases as the tourist traffic increases, and the social comparison effect is triggered. Besides, at the high tourism growth rates, habituation to the tourist traffic and regularly updating leisure programmes develops the adaptation effect, which is manifested in the enhanced work schedule satisfaction influencing the job satisfaction
Business Career of Russian Banking Organizations’ Employees: Priorities and Opportunities
Authors: Sotnikov Nikita Z. , Sotnikova Svetlana I. , Mikhailova Elena M.
Published: January 2020

Such traditional methods of labour efficiency maximization as rationalization, automation of business processes, and head hunting, do not often yield better competitiveness of human resources in the context of modern “transparent” world market development and high uncertainty and dynamism of Russian socioeconomic environment. It is necessary to create proper conditions for the employees to continuously and consciously work towards long-term superiority over competing employees and to increase their professional competences in order to be competitive in the labour market. The objective of this research is to identify the organizational and economic patterns of business career created by differences in the competitive position of banking organizations. The study encompassed the analysis of business careers of the employees of fifteen federal and regional banks quoted in the Russian market during the past six years. The results of the research prove that the type and intensity of business career determine the mechanisms for localization and establishment of the competitive advantages of both the employee and the bank in the market situation. The business career studies made it possible to identify the presence of a socioeconomic conflict between professional and organizational (intraand inter-organizational) career. The business career conflict solutions generate strategic alternatives for the integrating the professional and organizational types of career, in order to maintain and increase the competitiveness of human resources of the banking organization
Prohibitions in the Social and Legal Regulation: an International Aspect
Authors: Mal’ko Aleksandr V. , Khizhniak Veronika S.
Published: January 2020

This work is focused on the problems arising in imposing prohibitions in international relations; the authors identify the main legal and social aspects hindering creation of effective mechanism for implementing prohibitions in international relations and enlist possible ways of eliminating the possible problems. The analysis of the international legal norms of institutionalizing prohibitions and practices of their implementation revealed that an effective implementation of prohibitions is often associated with the need to amend national legislation, as well as with the presence of Russia’s own legal norms that make it possible to apply the norms of international law in the state directly, or to apply them jointly with the norms of the national law. The absence of a universal international instrument governing the responsibility of states for breaching legal prohibitions makes it difficult to implement these prohibitions and comply with them, although states may follow the rules of the “Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts” as a document stating moral (political) prescriptions. The main problems cumbering the development of an effective mechanism for implementation of prohibitions are the following: the absence of agreed international and domestic legal mechanisms for implementation of prohibitions; the reluctance of states to bear responsibilities; the attempts to mitigate the prosecution of citizens, especially officials; and failures to take adequate legal measures for resolving the problem. The authors necessitate adoption of documents that could regulate the issues of international legal responsibility, though in a unipolar world it is very problematic and can even aggravate the situation. The mechanism developed under such conditions can reflect the position of only one state and therefore can result in consolidating an undesirable hierarchy of states in international relations. An effective legal mechanism of responsibility for the violation of prohibitions in international relations can arise only in a multipolar world. It is also necessary to abide the basic principles of international law, to strengthen international cooperation and improve the mechanisms of international legal regulation. These efforts also call forth the establishment of a multipolar world
ANTONYMIC RELATIONS IN FRENCH PHYSICS TERMINOLOGY
Authors:   Eastern European University named after Lesya Ukrainka, Lutsk, Ukraine, Halyan Oksana
Published: January 2020

The article addresses the topical issue of antonymy in a terminology system. The author reviews classifications of antonyms based on the semantic and structural criteria. A contrastive analysis of antonymic pairs as an opposition category is performed from the conceptual-semantic perspective. The basis of antonymic relations in a physics terminology system is the semantics of a hypernym term. It determines the extreme hyponym terms through which opposition is realized. It is shown that antonymic pairs in the lexicon of common usage and in a terminology system are not identical. The author posits that this is due to antonymic pairs acquiring new semantic elements while preserving key semantic features present in commonly used words. Antonymic terms in physics can enter into synonymic relations and form synonym sets whose functionality depends on the context of scientific text. Antonyms among physics terms have been divided into contrary (gradual), complementary, and vectorial based by the semantic criterion. The article describes their semantic characteristics and peculiarities of functioning in texts. In particular, contrary antonymic pairs denote two opposite kinds of concepts, between which there are one or more intermediate terms indicating the increase or decrease of a conceptual feature. Complementary antonymy is characterized by the fact that words that are opposed through hyponym terms complement of a single hypernym term and do not contain any intermediate lexical elements. In this kind of antonymy, it is necessary to clearly identify both elements of opposition to avoid ambiguity in the opposition of physical terms. Vector antonymy consist in the opposite of different actions, motions, signs and is quite common in physics terminology.
Graphic hybridization of modern French vocabulary
Authors: Kriuchkov H. H.
Published: January 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of American borrowings in French of the 21st century.
Americanisms in French keep their graphic form and change French orthography, its principles and system. All spheres of social being are borrowing from American English. In the field of food the French vocabulary has borrowed from American English snack-bar, brunch, fast-food, pop-corn, hot-dog, cocktail, coca-cola. In some words the orthography is simple, based on phonetical principles. In the case of bar, fast, pop, corn, dog, coca, cola there is no problems to write or to read these words. But other substantives have brought specific orthograms (ck, un, op, h, ail) and modify the French graphic inventory: snack, brunch, food, hot, cocktail. The cultural sphere has received many units from American English: hip-hop, rock-and-roll, rock`n`roll, hard rock, heavy metal, jazz rock, punk rock, grunge. Some americanisms enrich French graphic with digrams ck, ea, zz, un or aphonograms (h), apostrophe (rock`n`roll) etc. Borrowed americanisms with English orthography can create homophone series
in french: crack (cocaine) – crac! (crac!) – crack (crack) – crack (favorite trotter) – craque, craques, craquent (verb "to crack") – craque (fib) – krach (crash failure) – krak (castle). Barrowed orthograms complicate French graphic. They have no new phonems but add superfluous graphems in French inventory. Etymological orthograms reproduce the linguocultural traditions of language. They shape the high graphostyle of language and please young people who loves to use Anglicisms and Americanisms with authentic
orthography.
Graphic features of English loan-words result into hybridization of French vocabulary, complicate orthography, extend the linguocultural domain and insure the ethnosociolinguistical loyalty of both languages and cultures.
SEMANTIC-PRAGMATIC FEATURES OF DISCOURSE MARKER BUENO IN MODERN SPANISH PROSE (based on the C. R. Zafon novel «Angel’s game»)
Authors:   Evgeniy Bereznyak Military-Diplomatic Academy, Kyiv, Ukraine, Lomakina Irina
Published: January 2020

The article deals with the discursive marker bueno which has various pragmatic functions in Spanish discourse: it connects the fragments of discourse, explains what links exist between its elements, manages the communication process and the interpretation of discourse by the speaker and recipient, correlate, compare and contrast statements in discourse. The studied unit does not only syntactically unite parts of the text, but explains the semantic and pragmatic connections between its parts, and also expresses the speaker's attitude to what he says. An analysis of the semantic-pragmatic functions of Hispanic discursive marker bueno reveals extremely wide range of its interpretations depending on the context in which it is used. The word bueno can be used as an adjective, but a lot of uses of discursive marker bueno in all types of texts are due to its pragmatic function of connecting and the ethical modality. For the studied unit are basic its functions in the discourse and they go beyond the classification of parts of speech. Since the pragmatic meanings of discursive marker bueno is not explained in dictionaries, they can only be analyzed in contexts. This discursive marker has not the only function to connect the parts of the discourse but organizes them and also it can concertize them, express different attitudes of the speaker to what he communicates. Thus bueno also as an argumentative marker can intensify messages, stimulate explanations or discussions, and, on the contrary, cut off the need for further communication finishing the exchange of thoughts. Mentioned functions of discursive marker bueno indicate the need to study its pragmatic colors with the subsequent use of these studies in translation theory and in the teaching of Spanish. Proper use and understanding of the vast number of speech uses of discursive marker bueno promotes communicative integration into the Spanish-speaking society. On the other hand, ignorance of the pragmatic colors of this discursive marker, its wrong use may lead to misunderstandings. Undoubtedly, the level of language proficiency can be determined by the ability to use and interpret discursive markers, in particular bueno, without it the ability of communicative competence is not complete.
“LA LEYENDA NEGRA” IN CONTEMPORARY SPANISH AUTHORS´ ARTICLES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Artemova Lyudmila
Published: January 2020

This article is dedicated to the expression of the main concepts of the historic issue “The Black Legend” in the modern public Spanish language on the material of the publications of two authors, J. Marias and J. Cercas, in the Sunday supplement to the newspaper “El País”. It deals the historically marked notion artificially introduced into the circulation during the next two centuries by the countries-enemies of Spain on the political stage and it influenced the attitude of the other countries and even the population of Spain itself to their Motherland and to themselves. Being the historical issue it was spread by the mean of written word o by published pamphlets and its influence can still be noticed even in the modern qualified press.“The resonances” of those remote ideas impregnate the opinion-based journalism of the famous Spanish writers, persons with the high level of education and culture, with great number of literary awards and dozens of novels, whose thoughts are respected by the great number of readers.Among the main columns of “The Black Legend”there are four key positions: anti-propaganda of political, economic and religious spheres of Spanish society’s life; attributing to the main figures of Spanish history only negative features like imperfections, failures which turned to refer to the whole Spanish society; discreditation of the intellectual part of the country and, the most painful, its support and approval by other European intellectuals of that time like Voltaire or Montesquieu. Even nowadays there are numerous investigations and publications by foreign authors that echo the old “The Black Legend” trying to depreciate or minimize the role of Spanish power in the world history.
Simultaneous Kinetic Spectrophotometric Determination Of Ascorbic Acid And Cysteine With An Optical Probe By Mean Centering Of Ratio Kinetic Profiles Method
Authors: Vishnikin A.B. , Miekh Yu.V. , Bazel Ya.R. , Al-Shwaiyat M.E.A. , Petrushina G.O.
Published: January 2020

A procedure for simultaneous kinetic analysis of a binary mixture of ascorbic acid (Asc) and cysteine (Cys) was developed using the method of mean centering of ratio kinetic profiles. The method is based on the difference in the rate of reactions of Asc and Cys with the complex of iron(III) with o-phenanthroline at pH 7.05. The use of an optical probe simplifies the carrying out of kinetic measurements, allows to obtain highly reproducible (Sr=0.01-0.02) results, and significantly reduces the time of analysis. The method of mean centering of ratio kinetic profiles is superior to the H-Point standard addition method, since it does not require such a long measurement time and there is no restriction on the constancy of absorbance of one of the components. Asc and Cys can be determined in the concentration range from 1 to 10 mg/L. The method was successfully used to determine Asc and Cys in dietary supplements.
Study to correlate sepsis markers and blood culture in neonatal sepsis
Authors: Swamy Harshitha M. , . Lakshmi , K. Mallesh , Banu Asima
Published: January 2020

Background: Neonatal sepsis forms the second most common cause of neonatal mortality resulting in more than one million neonatal deaths per year. Neonatal sepsis, pneumonia and meningitis together result in one- fourth of all newborn deaths. Objectives of the study was to correlate sepsis markers with blood culture in neonatal sepsis.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in the NICU unit under department of Pediatrics, between November 2017 and May 2019. Sample size was 50. Babies admitted to NICU with clinical suspicion of sepsis were included in the study. Blood samples from these babies were collected under aseptic precautions and subjected to rapid diagnostic tests- sepsis markers and blood culture.Results: Male were predominant (64%). Important risk factors were preterm and low birth weight. Blood culture positivity was 20% (E. coli being most commonly isolated organism). CRP had a high sensitivity of 90% and low specificity of 47%. Procalcitonin had highest sensitivity of 100% and low specificity of 47.5%.Conclusions: CRP and PCT were found to be statistically significant (p=0.036 and 0.01), can be used as a diagnostic tool in neonatal sepsis.
Study of clinical and laboratory profile of dengue fever in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Mangudkar Sangram S. , Shivnitwar Sachin K. , Malik Atiullah I.
Published: January 2020

Background: Dengue fever is one of the most common arboviral mediated outbreaks reported with increased prevalence over the last few years with considerable morbidity and mortality. This study was designed to study the clinical and biochemical parameters in dengue fever patients.Methods: Prospective observational study was undertaken among adult patients in a tertiary care hospital. fifty patients were studied and analysed. All patients who were NS1 (Non-Structural Protein 1) antigen or IgM dengue positive were included in the study. Clinical features, haematological and biochemical parameters were noted.Results: Of the 50 patients studied, majority were males (68%). Fever was the major symptom (100%) followed by Body ache (84%), Headache (64%), Retro-orbital pain (52%), Myalgia (48%), conjunctival injection (40%), Itching (40%), abdominal pain (36%), Bradycardia (34%), Rash (30%), pleural effusion and ascites both seen in (28%). Significant derangements in platelet (76%), leucocyte counts (84%) and serum transaminases (58%) were noted.Conclusions: Fever associated with headache, retroorbital pain, erythematous morbilliform rash, conjunctival injection and itching over palms and soles along with thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, elevated liver transaminases should prompt a clinician on the possibility of dengue infection. Platelet transfusions have little role in management of dengue patients unless patients having active bleeding secondary to thrombocytopenia due to dengue fever.
BOĞMACA HASTALIĞININ LABORATUVAR TANISINDA KÜLTÜR VE POLİMERAZ ZİNCİR REAKSİYONUNUN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: Türkekul Şen Emek , Nar Ötgün Selin , Saylı Orhan , Esen Berrin , Durmaz Rıza
Published: January 2020

ÖZAMAÇ: Boğmaca her yaştaki duyarlı bireyi etkileyebilen, Bordetella pertussis’in neden olduğu akut bir solunum sistemi enfeksiyonudur. Laboratuvar tanıda altın standart olan kültür yönteminin özgüllüğünün çok yüksek olduğu ancak duyarlılığının çeşitli faktörlerden etkilendiği ve uzun sürede sonuçlandığı bilinmektedir. Bu nedenle boğmacanın laboratuvar tanısında daha hızlı sonuç veren moleküler tabanlı yöntemlerin uygulanması her geçen gün daha önem kazanmaktadır. Sözkonusu gelişmeler ışığında bu çalışmada boğmaca hastalığının laboratuvar tanısında kültür, laboratuvar yapımı konvansiyonel polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PZR) ve ticari kökenli gerçek zamanlı PZR (Light Cycler) yöntemlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM: Çalışmaya Mayıs 2011 ile Kasım 2011 tarihleri arasında Ulusal Solunum Yolu Patojenleri Referans Laboratuvarı’na gelen 240 olası boğmaca vakasına ait nazofarinks sürüntü örnekleri dahil edildi. Klinik örnek alınması ve laboratuvara ulaştırılması için Halk Sağlığı Müdürlüklerine daha önceden Ulusal Solunum Yolu Patojenleri Referans Laboratuvarı tarafından gönderilen, Dacron uçlu, esnek gövdeli, steril eküvyon çubukları ile kömürlü Amies transport besiyerleri (Transwab Pernasal, MW173C, Medical Wire & Equip. Co. Ltd, UK) kullanıldı. Laboratuvara gelen klinik örneklerde Boğmaca hastalığı etkeni Bordetella pertussis’in varlığı; kültür, laboratuvar yapımı konvansiyonel PZR ve ticari kökenli gerçek zamanlı PZR (Light Cycler, Roche, Germany) yöntemi ile incelendi.BULGULAR: Klinik örneklerin 18’inin (%7.5) kültüründe B. pertussis üredi. Laboratuvar yapımı konvansiyonel PZR yöntemiyle 240 örneğin 59’unda (%24.6), ticari kökenli gerçek zamanlı PZR (Light Cycler) yöntemiyle 89 örnekte (%37) spesifik gen bölgeleri saptandı. Kültürde üreme olmayan örneklerin 43’ünde (%17.9) konvansiyonel PZR ile, 71’inde ise (%29.6) “Light Cycler” PZR ile B. pertussis genlerinin varlığı gösterildi.SONUÇ: Özellikle klinik örnek alınmadan önce spesifik antibiyotik tedavisi uygulanan vakalar ile B.pertussis’in uygunsuz transport koşulları nedeniyle canlılığını kaybettiği durumlarda PZR yöntemlerinin ön plana çıktığı gözlendi. Sonuç olarak boğmacanın laboratuvar doğrulamasında kültür yöntemin PZR yöntemi ile birlikte uygulanması ve elde edilen bulguların hastanın epidemiyolojik ve klinik özellikleri ile birlikte değerlendirilmesi gerektiği kanaatine varıldı.ANAHTAR KELİMELER: Boğmaca, laboratuvar tanı, kültür, polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu
GENRE AND STYLISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF NOUN ATTRIBUTES IN GERMAN TOWN CHRONICLES OF THE XV AND XVI CENTURIES
Authors: Dunaev A. E.
Published: January 2020

The paper deals with the actual issue of the historical stylistics of German development of the nominal style in the Early New High German (XVth and XVIth centuries). The town chronicles as one of the most popular genres of the narrative prose from this period are used as study material. For the research, four chronicles of the German-language area from XVth and XVIth centuries have been chosen: these of Bern, Basel, Worms and Zrich. The purpose of article is to analyze different types of attributes with regard to their genre-specific function. First, an analysis of syntactic and semantic types of attributes in each chronicle is conducted with subsequent data comparison between each text and conclusions about stylistic and pragmatic factors of the use of attributes. For this, we used a sample of 1500 noun phrases chosen from the chronicles specified.
The action nouns realize their combinative potential most often. The most frequent attribute type is an attribute in Genitive, whereby some differences in its topology are discovered between the chronicles of the XVth century, on the one side, and the chronicles of the XVIth century, on the other. In the latters, the attributive genitive is more often placed after the main word. For all chronicles, only a small number of infinitives and participles in function of attribute are found, the number of noun phrases with several attributes is small, too. The percentage of noun phrases with attributes of the second and third dependency degree is not large either.
The research made allows a conclusion that the town chronicles have differed from the usage of official writing in respect to the volume and depth of a noun phrase. Differences between the chronicles of XVth and XVIth centuries are discovered only in some attribute types, whereas the general picture does not alter principally. The noun phrase in our texts should be characterized as a compact one. It may be explained with the unwillingness of authors to complicate the perception of their texts, for many official chronicles were read aloud. Complexity and informativeness characteristic for the official and early scientific texts seem to be expressed in chronicles at the level of the main sentence parts, but not at that of a noun phrase.
REVIEW ON THE MONOGRAPH: KABYTOV P.S., ELISEEV A.I. TOWN GOVERNOR ALEXEY ANDREEVICH ROSOVSKY. SAMARA: SAMARSKAYA GUMANITARNAYA AKADEMIYA, 2019, 100 P.
Authors: Tyurin V. A. , Leonov M. I.
Published: January 2020

The review is devoted to the analysis of the monograph by Kabytov P.S., Eliseev A.I., who carried out a scientific study of the biography and activities of the prominent administrator of the city of Kuibyshev Alexei Andreevich Rosovsky, who made a great contribution to the development of the economic potential and sociocultural space of the administrative center of the Kuibyshev Region. The study of the activities of A.I. Rosovsky built through the prism of identifying traits of his character. The consideration of the most important stages in the biography of the town leader is organically combined with the study of his activities for the development of Kuibyshev in the 1960-ies 1980-ies. The book has been prepared on an extensive source base, using the latest literature, and is a serious contribution to the study of the functioning problems of the elites of Soviet society in the second half of the 20th century.
DIARY OF WAR: EXISTENTIAL HUMAN EXPERIENCE IN THE WAR
Authors: Romanova G. A. , Trifonova V. V. , Romanov N. N.
Published: January 2020

In the recent years, historical science has increased interest in anthropological, social, cultural aspects of the war in general, the Great Patriotic War - in particular.
The existential experience of man in war is a topic that allows researchers to look at the history of war from the standpoint of the humanitarian component. The article notes the role of diaries as sources of information about personal experiences, which after a certain understanding become an existential experience. The uniqueness of diary entries, which differ from other sources of personal origin - memories and front-line letters, is pointed out. First, they capture the momentary perception of events, undistorted by time; secondly, they accurately convey the atmosphere of the era through the description of life, nature, minutes of rest. The conclusion is made about the huge potential of front-line diaries as sources of studying the events of the Great Patriotic War.
The article analyzes the existential experience of Lieutenant Z.S. Rudnitsky, generated by the extreme conditions of the war. The source of the study was the front diary of Z.S. Rudnitsky, previously unknown to researchers. The influence of the emotions experienced, the situation of mortal danger, the immediate environment on the formation of the identity of the officer of the Red Army and his fate is considered.
SPECIFICITY OF MILITARY-PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES OF CADETS – MILITARY PILOTS
Authors: Savelev A. I.
Published: January 2020

The article considers the problem of military-professional training of cadets military pilots in a military aviation university, which forms a readiness for practical activities. The relevance of the study is due to the needs of modernization of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in the current external and internal conditions of life of the state. The military-professional activity of cadets-military pilots is considered as a process of solving professional tasks that ensure the readiness of aviation units to ensure the military security of the country.
The significance of the command-methodological activity in the structure of the military-professional activity of an officer is revealed. Based on the activity approach, team and methodological tasks in the content of military-professional activity are determined, the leading role of command-methodological activity is proved. On the basis of the functional approach and the principle of identification, the functions of command-methodological activities are determined: military-flight, organizational-managerial and educational.
Arguments are given regarding the command-methodological competence of cadets-military pilots during their training at a military aviation university. The specificity and peculiarity of the military-professional activity of cadets military pilots is specified.
COMMUNICATION MOBILITY WITHIN THE STRUCTURE OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE
Authors: Troitskaya Yu. V.
Published: January 2020

The article considers communication mobility as a characteristic which significantly affects the development of professional competence. The author analyses the meaning of the term professional competence, proves that it is important to develop universal (generic) competences, allocates communication mobility in the system of generic competences. On the basis of labour market analysis the author concludes on the need to develop communication mobility as a component of professional competence. Communication mobility is described as verbal mobility connected to mental mobility. It is based on speaking skills and the ability to respond in a flexible way, to perceive and analyze interlocutors utterance quickly, to communicate in accordance with the context. The indicators of communication mobility are responsiveness, flexibility, critical thinking and reasoning, ambiguity tolerance, social tolerance and emotional self-control. The author gives recommendations on the methodology of communication mobility development. The research methods applied in the paper are the following: analysis and synthesis of the information presented in scientific papers of Russian and foreign researchers, content analysis of educational standards, functional and semantic analysis of terms (mobility, communication mobility, professional competence, communication competence). The results of the analysis can be used in the system of higher education to develop academic programmes and assessment tools. The article is targeted at the researchers involved in solving the problems connected with professional competence, communication competence and communication mobility, as well as university lecturers and specialists dealing with optimization and adaptation of training content and teaching methodology to labour market needs.
The neo-Pythagorean view of musical structure in the light of music psychology
Authors: Podlipniak Piotr
Published: January 2020

The aim of this paper is to show why the neo-Pythagorean claims concerning musical structure are out-of-date and require the incorporation of contemporary psychological knowledge. The neo-Pythagorean view of musical structure has been analyzed and confronted with the contemporary neuropsychological view of music perception. It has been also suggested that musical intervals exist solely in human brains as a kind of interpretation of acoustic sounds. These sounds can be interpreted differently depending on many factors, which the popular speech-to-song illusion clearly illustrates. Another example of neo-Pythagorean ideas about musical structure that need psychological knowledge is tonal hierarchy, which also exists solely in human brains. Therefore, the popular musicological description of musical intervals in terms of mathematical proportions is misleading. It has been proposed that current musicological theories should always be confronted and consistent with contemporary psychological knowledge. This implies closer cooperation between musicology and the psychology of music.
Polymorphism of Sdr genes regulating seed dormancy in Triticum persicum Vav. and Triticum aethiopicum Jakubz.
Authors: Bazhenov M. S. , Guseva E. D. , Rubets V. S.
Published: January 2020

Preharvest sprouting of wheat grain, sporadically observed in many regions of cultivation of this crop, leads to deterioration of its food and sowing qualities. Seed dormancy is considered to be the main component of resistance to preharvest sprouting. This physiological state of seeds is regulated by many genes, and it depends heavily on environmental conditions. One of the regulators of seed dormancy in cereals is the Sdr4 gene (Seed dormancy 4), which was first studied in rice. In common wheat, the homologues of this gene (TaSdr-A1 and TaSdr-B1) are also involved in the regulation of seed dormancy. The search for valuable alleles in local varieties and endemic forms is a promising area of research aimed at increasing the resistance of crops to adverse environmental factors. In this study, Sdr genes were sequenced in several accessions of two tetraploid wheat species with limited cultivation areas: Persian wheat (Triticum persicum Vav.) and Ethiopian wheat (Triticum aethiopicum Jakubz.). As a result, the same Sdr-A1 and Sdr-B1 variants that had been found in common wheat were detected in these species. The Persian wheat accessions possessed only the Sdr-A1a allele, while Ethiopian ones, only Sdr-A1b. The analysis of F2 hybrids obtained from crossing these tetraploid species showed that the Sdr-A1b allele was associated with a lower germination index of grains than Sdr-A1a. This result was inconsistent with earlier association studies. Previously unknown polymorphisms were found in the promoter of the Sdr-B1 gene in the studied accessions. A deletion of 16 nucleotides was detected in the 3’-terminal region of the TraesCS2B02G215200 gene, located on the complementary DNA chain close to the 3’-end of the Sdr-B1 gene. Possible effects of the detected polymorphisms on the expression of Sdr genes are discussed.
Diversity of mariner-like elements in Orthoptera
Authors: Ustyantsev K. , Biryukov M. , Sukhikh I. , Shatskaya N. V. , Fet V. , Blinov A. , Konopatskaia I.
Published: January 2020

Mariner-like elements (MLEs) are among the most widespread DNA transposable elements in eukaryotes. Insects were the first organisms in which MLEs were identified, however the diversity of MLEs in the insect order Orthoptera has not yet been addressed. In the present study, we explore the diversity of MLEs elements in 16 species of Orthoptera belonging to three infraorders, Acridoidea (Caelifera), Grylloidea (Ensifera), and Tettigoniidea (Ensifera) by combining data mined from computational analysis of sequenced degenerative PCR MLE amplicons and available Orthoptera genomic scaffolds. In total, 75 MLE lineages (Ortmar) were identified in all the studied genomes. Automatic phylogeny-based classification suggested that the current known variability of MLEs can be assigned to seven statistically well-supported phylogenetic clusters (I–VII), and the identified Orthoptera lineages were distributed among all of them. The majority of the lineages (36 out of 75) belong to cluster I; 20 belong to cluster VI; and seven, six, four, one and one lineages belong to clusters II, IV, VII, III, and V, respectively. Two of the clusters (II and IV) were composed of a single Orthoptera MLE lineage each (Ortmar37 and Ortmar45, respectively) which were distributed in the vast majority of the studied Orthoptera genomes. Finally, for 16 Orthoptera MLE lineages, horizontal transfer from the distantly related taxa belonging to other insect orders may have occurred. We believe that our study can serve as a basis for future researches on the diversity, distribution, and evolution of MLEs in species of other taxa that are still lacking the sequenced genomes.