bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendidikan Budaya dan Karakter Bangsa dalam Melestarikan Budaya Bangsa di Era Globalisasi
Authors: Sahid Ahmad
Published: May 2022

Pendidikan Budaya dan Karakter Bangsa bagi para siswa agar dapat melestarikan budaya yang dimiliki bangsa ini, sebagaimana kebudayaan sudah mulai dikesampingkan sejak masuknya era globalisasi. Masuknya era globalisasi di Indonesia banyak membawa pengaruh terhadap masyarakat khususnya generasi muda yang mulai mengesampingkan budaya bangsa yang seharusnya dilestarikan. Perubahan terjadi karena kontak budaya antar negara yang dimaknai adanya dialektika nilai-nilai baru dengan nilai-nilai lama yang saling mendomonasi, yang memungkinkan terjadinya kecenderungan pada seluruh aspek kehidupan termasuk nilai-nilai budaya lokal yang selama ini menjadi pegangan masyarakat. Kondisi ini menimbulkan menurunnya moral dan nilai keagamaan karena masyarakat lebih mengagungkan nilai modern dengan mengesampingkan nilai tradisionalyang dimiliki. Akibatnya terjadi penyimpangan nilai moral yang tercermin dari corak, gayadan pola hidup masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, pendidikan sangat berperan penting dalam penguatan dan penanaman nilai budaya agar generasi muda dapat menjadi pewaris nilai-nilai budaya lokal yang tidak mengesampingkan budaya yang dimiliki.
Tantangan dihadapi Guru di Abad ke - 21
Authors: Arifa Nurul Maulida
Published: May 2022

Abad ke – 21 adalah era dimana teknologi, komunikasi dsn informasi berkembang dengan pesat dengan teknologi canggih yang mempermudah manusia dalam beraktivitas dan dilakukan secara instan dan abad ke 21 ini termasuk era globalisasi yang memiliki dampak negatif dan positif di dalam perkembangannya di sendi kehidupan termasuk pendidikan terutama guru. diketahui banyak tantangan yang dihadapi di era yang seperti sekarang yang segalanya memakai teknologi dan ini menjadi sebuah tantangan guru agar bagaimana caranya dapat melaksanakan pembelajaran yang kreatif dan inovatif dan dapat bersaing di abad yang sekarang agar guru tetap menjadi senter dalam pembelajaran dan tidak tergeserkan oleh infomasi dari sumber lain. Dan juga tantangan ini salah satu agar mutu pendidikan di indonesia bisa lebih baik dan tidak menurun.
TANTANGAN PEMBELAJARAN BAGI PESERTA DIDIK DAN PROFESI SEORANG GURU PADA ABAD 21
Authors: Razi Muhammad Fahrul
Published: May 2022

Pada abad 21 ini banyak sekali terjadi perkembangan dan kemajuan yang pesat terhadap ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi. Baik itu perkembangan serta kemajuan di bidang pendidikan ataupun di bidang teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK). Walaupun banyak terjadi perkembangan dan kemajuan di berbagai bidang, namun pada abad 21 juga banyak terjadi masalah rumit yang harus dihadapi manusia di seluruh dunia. Masalah ini timbul setelah terjadinya perkembangan zaman, yaitu : pemanasan global, terorisme, rasisme, ujaran kebencian, pemalsuan informasi (berita bohong), dan lain-lain. Pada abad 21, pendidikan diharuskan dapat mempersiapkan dan melatih peserta didik. Agar dapat menguasai keterampilan belajar dan berinovasi terhadap suatu hal, menguasai keterampilan memanfaatkan dan menggunakan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK), dan dapat bekerja sama dengan orang lain (kolaborasi).
Kompetensi Guru di Abad 21 dan Tantangan bagi Guru Membentuk Konsep Pembelajaran Abad 21
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad
Published: May 2022

Kompetensi guru meliputi kompetensi pedagogik, kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi sosial, dan kompetensi profesional. Pengintegrasian TIK dalam pembelajaran merupakan suatu komponen pembelajaran abad 21 Ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi selalu mengalami perkembangan secara cepat dari waktu ke waktu. Teknologi ini yang menggabungkan dunia menjadi tanpa batas walaupun dipisahkan jauh secara geografis. Kompetensi dapat diartikan sebagai suatu kemampuan atau kecakapan yang terwujud dalam bentuk pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan perilaku yang dimiliki dan dikuasai oleh guru dalam melaksanakan fungsi profesionalnya. di abad ke 21 ini, pendidikan menjadi semakin penting untuk menjamin peserta didik memiliki keterampilan belajar dan berinovasi, keterampilan menggunakan teknologi dan media informasi, serta dapat bekerja, dan bertahan dengan menggunakan keteram-pilan untuk hidup (life skills). Pembelajaran yang dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi tergantung pada peran pengajar sebagai fasilitastor bukan hanya sebagai pemberi informasi saja, tetapi juga memberikan kemudahan dalam pembelajaran
TANTANGAN PEMBELAJARAN ABAD 21 BAGI PENDIDIK
Authors: Nurhalizah Siti
Published: May 2022

Sekarang ini, pendidikan berada di era pengetahuan dengan akselerasi luar biasayang meningkat. Pendidikan di abad ke -21 telah menjadi semakin penting untuk memastikan bahwa siswa memiliki keterampilan belajar dan inovasi, keterampilan dalam penggunaan teknologi teknologi dan informasi, dan dapat bekerja, dan bertahan dari penggunaan keterampilan hidup. Kemajuan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi telah mengubah gaya hidup manusia, baik di tempat kerja, sosialisasi, permainan dan pembelajaran. Dengan memasuki abad ke -21, kemajuan teknologi telah memasuki berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk bidang pendidikan. Guru dan siswa, dosen dan mahasiswa, pendidik dan peserta didik harus memiliki kapasitas untuk mengajar dan 21. Sejumlah tantangan dan peluang harus dihadapkan dengan siswa dan guru untuk bertahan dari era pengetahuan pada waktu informasi itu.Abad ke -21 yang diketahui oleh semua orang sebagai abad pengetahuan adalah fondasi utama dari berbagai aspek kehidupan. Paradigma pembelajaran abad ke -21 menekankan kemampuan untuk berpikir tentang siswa kritis, yang mampu menghubungkan sains dengan dunia nyata, menguasai teknologi informasi, berkomunikasi dan berkolaborasi. Salah satu keterampilan yang harus ditahan untuk memasuki abad ke -21 adalah penguasaan teknologi informasi atau literasi TIK.
Kompetensi Kepribadian Guru Dalam Pembelajaran Abad ke-21
Authors: Anisa Siti Nor , Hasanah Nurul
Published: May 2022

Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang sangat pesat pada abad ini membawa dampakyang sangat signifikan terhadap dunia pendidikan, di mana, proses peralihan dari abadindustrialisasi ke abad pengetahuan menuntut setiap bidang dalam kehidupan berubahsangat cepat dan harus dapat beradaptasi dengan cepat. Memasuki abad 21 kemajuanteknologi telah memasuki berbagai sendi kehidupan, tidak terkecuali di bidang pendidikan.Guru dan siswa, dosen dan mahasiswa, pendidik dan peserta didik dituntut memilikikemampuan belajar mengajar di abad 21 ini. Sejumlah tantangan dan peluang harusdihadapi siswa dan guru agar dapat bertahan dalam abad pengetahuan yang diwarnaidengan timbulnya berbagai inovasi pendidikan. Salah satu inovasi yang berkembang cukuppesat adalah pembelajaran elektronik (electronic learning) atau e-learning. E-learningadalah pembelajaran jarak jauh (distance learning) yang memanfaatkan teknologikomputer, jaringan komputer dan/atau internet. Inovasi pembelajaran elektronik inimemungkinkan pembelajar untuk belajar melalui komputer di tempat merekamasing-masing tanpa harus secara fisik pergi mengikuti pelajaran/perkuliahan di kelas.Oleh karena itu, pendidik dan calon pendidik di abad 21 ini perlu dipersiapkan untukmampu beradaptasi dengan perkembangan IPTEK. Lembaga Pendidikan Tenaga Keguruan(LPTK) sebagai lembaga penghasil calon pendidik/guru perlu membekali guru dan calonguru untuk terampil menggunakan teknologi terutama TIK, karena tantangan guru masadepan berkaitan dengan TIK. Dalam upaya menyiapkan calon guru memasuki abad 21,STKIP Weetebula sebagai salah satu LPTK di Indonesia berupaya membekalimahasiswanya dengan memasukan mata kuliah e-learning dalam kurikulum program studipendidikan guru sekolah dasar (PGSD).
Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Nilai-Nilai Kearifan Budaya Lokal
Authors: Istiqamah
Published: May 2022

Pendidikan karakter merupakan suatu upaya yang dapat mendorong peserta didik untuk dapat tumbuh dan berkembang dengan berpegangan pada prinsip-prinsip moral dalam hidupnya untuk melakukan kebenaran. Upaya membangun karakter peserta didik pada kearifan budaya lokal sejak dini melalui jalur pendidikan dianggap sebagai langkah yang tepat. Sekolah merupakan lembaga pendidikan formal yang menjadi peletak dasar pendidikan. Integarasi kearifan budaya lokal dalam pendidikan sangat penting dalam membangun budaya kehidupan. Membangun budaya dalam kehidupan bagi peserta didik yang berperan penting merupakan guru, dimana guru memberikan pengaruh sangat besar kepada peserta didik terhadap keberhasilan pendidikan karakter di sekolah-sekolah, dan di rumah dapat dilakukan oleh keluarga, bahkan sangat menentukan berhasil atau tidaknya peserta didik dalam mengembangkan pribadi secara utuh. Pendidikan karakter melalui kearifan budaya lokal memiliki tujuan untuk dapat mengubah sikap dan juga perilaku sumber daya manusia yang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas kerja untuk menghadapi tantangan di masa yang akan datang.
ACTIVE FAULTING IN SREDINNY RANGE, KAMCHATKA PENINSULA
Authors:   Geological Institute RAS, Zelenin E.A. , Garipova S.T. ,   Geological Institute RAS
Published: May 2022

The paper presents the results of remote sensing interpretation of active faults of the Sredinny Range of Kamchatka. The use of remote sensing data allowed us to identify fault scarps and magma-conducting fractures, expressed in the topography by chains of eruption centers. Most of the detected faults are located on volcanic plateaus, what indicates the relation of faulting with thinning of the brittle crust under the volcanic belt, similar to the faults of the Eastern Volcanic Belt. The geometrical characteristics of the most preserved scarps provide an estimate of the magnitude of paleoearthquakes Mw = 5.8±0.2, which significantly exceeds the historical seismicity. The identified faults are located above the northern edge of the subducted portion of the Pacific plate and form a zone oblique to the axis of the Kuril-Kamchatka island-arc system. The strike and normal sense of the faults are consistent with the transverse extension in Kamchatka. These new data provide the northern and western boundaries of the above-subduction extensional setting in Kamchatka.
REGIONAL FORECASTING OF URANIUM DEPOSITS IN THE REPUBLIC OF NIGER
Authors:   Voronezh State University, Glaznev V.N. , Muravina O.M. ,   Voronezh State University, Yakuba I.A. ,   Voronezh State University
Published: May 2022

The paper deals with the methodology and results of forecasting sandstone-type uranium deposits on the territory of the Republic of Niger, based on the use of a set of regional geological and geophysical materials and a new technology for spatial analysis of data by the method of group accounting of arguments. The necessary information on the genesis and localization of sandstone-type uranium deposits in the study area is briefly outlined. Examples of identification of formal geological, tectonic and geophysical features that characterize the location of known large objects of uranium mineralization are given. On the example of reference ore and ore-less objects, an identification analysis of the features is carried out, focused on determining their aggregate information content. The results of the identification analysis made it possible to assess the weights of the features used and perform a comprehensive regional forecasting of sandstone-type uranium deposits in the territory of the Republic of Niger. Based on the results of the forecast, the three of the most promising sites were identified, where detailed work on the detection of industrial uranium mineralization is recommended.
OIL AND GAS POTENTIAL OF THE WEST KAMCHATKA COAST AND ITS RELATION TO THE STRUCTURAL AND TECTONIC STRUCTURE OF THE SEA OF OKHOTSK REGION BASED ON GEOPHYSICAL DATA
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Kalinin D.F.
Published: May 2022

This article describes the peculiarities of the deep structure of sedimentary depressions of the West Kamchatka coast and the adjacent offshore areas of the Okhotsk Sea shelf, manifested in the observed potential fields, as well as in their transformations. To reveal geophysical regularities reflecting the structure of the deepest part of the crystalline basement within the analyzed objects, a pseudo gravity field calculated on the basis of analytical approximation was used. The regional and local components of the decomposition of the observed potential fields, calculated by two-dimensional adaptive energy filtering and presumably associated with different-depth structural-tectonic objects, were analyzed. On the basis of comparison of the investigated Pustoretsky depression with the «reference» Kolpakovskaya depression, which includes known gas-condensate fields (West Kamchatka oil-and-gas bearing region), conclusions about the similarity of their formation conditions and subsequent evolution were made. A regional geophysical model of the Pustoretsky depression has been compiled, which makes it possible to reasonably assume its formation in the zone of Cenozoic subduction processes caused by the interaction of lithospheric plates.
THE AGE AND EXHUMATION TIME OF THE EASTERN KAMCHATKA SEDIMENTARY COMPLEXES BASED ON APATITE TRACK DATING
Authors:   P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tsukanov N.V. , Dozorova K.A. ,   P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: May 2022

The paper presents and analyzes new and previously published data on track dating of detrital apatite grains isolated from different-age structural complexes of Eastern Kamchatka. The investigations were carried out in areas with different geodynamic settings. These were the Kronotskii Peninsula which is situated in the zone of convergence of the Kamchatka margin with the relatively warm and light oceanic crust of the Pacific plate with the Obruchev Rise, the Kamchatkii Mys Peninsula which is situated in the area of collision of the Commander block of the Aleutian volcanic arc and the continental margin of Kamchatka, and the the Kumroch Ridge complexes of which belong to the Ozernovsky-Valaginskii and Vetlovskii terranes. The analysis allows distinguishing several exumation events: 29.9–34.9, 19.3–24.1, 10.2–15.4, 6.2–8.6, and 3.3–5.1 Ma. The highlighted age intervals correlate well with the main tectonic events and allow us to conclude that accretionary and collisional processes in Eastern Kamchatka continued from the Oligocene to the Late Miocene-Pliocene.
LANDSLIDE PROCESSES ON VOLCANIC EDIFICES IN THE NORTH-EASTERN PART OF THE ATLANTIC OCEAN
Authors:   Geological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mazarovich A.O.
Published: May 2022

In the northeastern Atlantic there are (from south to north) archipelagoes of the volcanic islands of Cape Verde, Canary, Selvagens, Madeira and Azores. They were formed on the oceanic crust in Miocene-Quaternary times. Analysis of the geological structure of the thirty islands leads to the conclusion that half of them were destroyed at different times in the course of their evolution by catastrophic landslide processes. On some of these islands such events have occurred more than once. They caused tsunamis and formed large landslide masses in the adjacent parts of the ocean. Based on the data presented, the assumption is made of volcanic edifices that may have been destroyed by landslide processes. A prerequisite for landslides on a volcanic edifice could be a shift of its center of gravity.
Radical supramaximal resection for newly diagnosed left-sided eloquent glioblastoma: safety and improved survival over gross-total resection
Authors: Di Long , Shah Ashish H. , Mahavadi Anil , Eichberg Daniel G. , Reddy Raghuram , Sanjurjo Alexander D. , Morell Alexis A. , Lu Victor M. , Ampie Leonel , Luther Evan M. , Komotar Ricardo J. , Ivan Michael E.
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE

Supramaximal resection (SMR) has arisen as a possible surrogate to gross-total resection (GTR) to improve survival in newly diagnosed glioblastoma (nGBM). However, SMR has traditionally been limited to noneloquent regions and its feasibility in eloquent nGBM remains unclear. The authors conducted a retrospective multivariate propensity-matched analysis comparing survival outcomes for patients with left-sided eloquent nGBM undergoing SMR versus GTR.

METHODS

A retrospective review was performed of all patients at our institution who underwent SMR or GTR of a left-sided eloquent nGBM during the period from 2011 to 2020. All patients underwent some form of preoperative or intraoperative functional mapping and underwent awake or asleep craniotomy (craniotomy under general anesthesia); however, awake craniotomy was performed in the majority of patients and the focus of the study was SMR achieved via awake craniotomy and functional mapping with lesionectomy and additional peritumoral fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) resection. Propensity scores were generated controlling for age, tumor location, and preoperative Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score with the nearest-neighbor algorithm.

RESULTS

A total of 102 patients (48 SMR, 54 GTR) were included in this study. The median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for patients receiving SMR were 22.9 and 5.1 months, respectively. Propensity matching resulted in a final cohort of 27 SMR versus 27 GTR patients. SMR conferred improved OS (21.55 vs 15.49 months, p = 0.0098) and PFS (4.51 vs 3.59 months, p = 0.041) compared to GTR. There was no significant difference in postoperative complication rates or KPS score in SMR compared with GTR patients (p = 0.236 and p = 0.736, respectively). In patients receiving SMR, improved OS and PFS showed a dose-dependent relationship with extent of FLAIR resection (EOFR) on log-rank test for trend (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

SMR by means of awake craniotomy with functional mapping for left-sided eloquent nGBM is safe and confers a survival benefit compared to GTR obtained with lesionectomy alone while preserving postoperative neurological integrity. When tolerated, greater EOFR with SMR may be associated with improved survival.
Adverse radiation effect and freedom from progression following repeat stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastases
Authors: Sneed Penny K. , Chan Jason W. , Ma Lijun , Braunstein Steve E. , Theodosopoulos Philip V. , Fogh Shannon E. , Nakamura Jean L. , Boreta Lauren , Raleigh David R. , Ziemer Benjamin P. , Morin Olivier , Hervey-Jumper Shawn L. , McDermott Michael W.
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE

The authors previously evaluated risk and time course of adverse radiation effects (AREs) following stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases, excluding lesions treated after prior SRS. In the present analysis they focus specifically on single-fraction salvage SRS to brain metastases previously treated with SRS or hypofractionated SRS (HFSRS), evaluating freedom from progression (FFP) and the risk and time course of AREs.

METHODS

Brain metastases treated from September 1998 to May 2019 with single-fraction SRS after prior SRS or HFSRS were analyzed. Serial follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and surgical pathology reports were reviewed to score local treatment failure and AREs. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate FFP and risk of ARE measured from the date of repeat SRS with censoring at the last brain MRI.

RESULTS

A total of 229 retreated brain metastases in 124 patients were evaluable. The most common primary cancers were breast, lung, and melanoma. The median interval from prior SRS/HFSRS to repeat SRS was 15.4 months, the median prescription dose was 18 Gy, and the median duration of follow-up imaging was 14.5 months. At 1 year after repeat SRS, FFP was 80% and the risk of symptomatic ARE was 11%. The 1-year risk of imaging changes, including asymptomatic RE and symptomatic ARE, was 30%. Among lesions that demonstrated RE, the median time to onset was 6.7 months (IQR 4.7–9.9 months) and the median time to peak imaging changes was 10.1 months (IQR 5.6–13.6 months). Lesion size by quadratic mean diameter (QMD) showed similar results for QMDs ranging from 0.75 to 2.0 cm (1-year FFP 82%, 1-year risk of symptomatic ARE 11%). For QMD < 0.75 cm, the 1-year FFP was 86% and the 1-year risk of symptomatic ARE was only 2%. Outcomes were worse for QMDs 2.01–3.0 cm (1-year FFP 65%, 1-year risk of symptomatic ARE 24%). The risk of symptomatic ARE was not increased with tyrosine kinase inhibitors or immunotherapy before or after repeat SRS.

CONCLUSIONS

RE on imaging was common after repeat SRS (30% at 1 year), but the risk of a symptomatic ARE was much less (11% at 1 year). The results of repeat single-fraction SRS were good for brain metastases ≤ 2 cm. The authors recommend an interval ≥ 6 months from prior SRS and a prescription dose ≥ 18 Gy. Alternatives such as HFSRS, laser interstitial thermal therapy, or resection with adjuvant radiation should be considered for recurrent brain metastases > 2 cm.
Activation of the NLRP3/IL-1β/MMP-9 pathway and intracranial aneurysm rupture associated with the depletion of ERα and Sirt1 in oophorectomized rats
Authors: Yamaguchi Tadashi , Miyamoto Takeshi , Shikata Eiji , Yamaguchi Izumi , Shimada Kenji , Yagi Kenji , Tada Yoshiteru , Korai Masaaki , Kitazato Keiko T. , Kanematsu Yasuhisa , Takagi Yasushi
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) due to intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture is often a devastating event. Since the incidence of SAH increases especially in menopause, it is crucial to clarify the detailed pathogenesis of these events. The activation of vascular nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain–like receptor family pyrin domain–containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes has been studied in ischemic stroke and cardiovascular disease. However, the role of NLRP3 in IA rupture still needs to be explained. The authors sought to test their hypothesis that, under estrogen-deficient conditions, activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes via downregulation of the estrogen receptor (ER) facilitates IA rupture.

METHODS

Ten-week-old female Sprague Dawley rats with and without oophorectomy were subjected to hemodynamic changes and hypertension (OVX+/HT and OVX−/HT, respectively) and fed a high-salt diet. Separately, using human brain endothelial cells (HBECs) and human brain smooth muscle cells (HBSMCs), the authors tested the effect of NLRP3 under estrogen-free conditions and in the presence of estradiol or of ER agonists.

RESULTS

In OVX+/HT rats, the frequency of IA rupture was significantly higher than in OVX−/HT rats (p = 0.03). In the left posterior cerebral artery prone to rupture in OVX+/HT rats, the levels of the mRNAs encoding ERα and Sirt1, but not of that encoding ERβ, were decreased, and the levels of the mRNAs encoding NLRP3, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) were elevated. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that the expression profiles of these proteins correlated with their mRNA levels. Treatment with an ER modulator, bazedoxifene, normalized the expression profiles of these proteins and improved SAH-free survival. In HBECs and HBSMCs under estrogen-free conditions, the depletion of ERα and Sirt1 and the accumulation of NLRP3 were counteracted by exposure to estradiol or to an ERα agonist but not to an ERβ agonist.

CONCLUSIONS

To the authors’ knowledge, this work represents the first demonstration that, in an aneurysm model under estrogen-deficient conditions, the depletion of ERα and Sirt1 may contribute to activation of the NLRP3/IL-1β/MMP-9 pathway, facilitating the rupture of IAs in the estrogen-deficient rat IA rupture model.
Not a trifecta: complementary use of carotid artery revascularization techniques in the era of hybrid neurosurgery
Authors: Levy Bennett R. , Waqas Muhammad , Monteiro Andre , Cappuzzo Justin M. , Baig Ammad A. , Khawar Wasiq I. , Davies Jason M. , Snyder Kenneth V. , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Riina Howard A. , Levy Elad I.
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE

Carotid stenosis is currently treated by carotid endarterectomy (CEA), carotid artery stenting (CAS), or transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR). This study sought to add to the literature by providing real-world data comparing the safety and effectiveness associated with the performance of these carotid revascularization techniques by dual-trained neurosurgeons.

METHODS

The authors performed a retrospective review of carotid stenosis databases at two US centers. Patients treated by CEA, transfemoral CAS, or TCAR for atherosclerotic carotid artery disease were included. Clinical outcomes were compared at 30 days after the procedure.

RESULTS

Seven hundred eighty patients were included (583 with CAS, 165 with CEA, and 32 with TCAR). Overall, 486 patients (62.3%) were men, and 393 (50.4%) had left-sided carotid stenosis. Most patients (n = 617, 79.1%) had symptomatic disease. Among the three treatment groups, there were no statistically significant differences with respect to 30-day ischemic events (CAS 3.8%, CEA 1.8%, TCAR 6.3%; p = 0.267) or 30-day mortality rates (CAS 3.6%, CEA 2.4%, TCAR 3.1%; p = 0.857). Male sex had significantly lower odds of 30-day transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke in both univariable (p = 0.024) and multivariable (p = 0.023) regression models. Increasing age had significantly higher odds of 30-day mortality on univariable (p = 0.006) and multivariable (p = 0.003) regression. Patients with the occurrence of 30-day TIA or stroke also had significantly higher odds of 30-day mortality on univariable (p < 0.001) and multivariable (p < 0.001) regression.

CONCLUSIONS

This real-world experience reflects the current practice of hybrid neurosurgery at two high-volume tertiary care centers and suggests that all three treatment modalities have comparable safety and effectiveness if patients are properly selected.
150 Years Anniversary of the Church and Archaeological Office - Museum of the Moscow Theological Academy
Authors: Григорьева Наталья Ивановна
Published: May 2022

Цель данной работы - хронологически выстроить события, связанные с возникновением музея в стенах Московской духовной академии, определить их значимость для формирования музейного собрания, а также показать вклад профессоров Академии в разработку его концепции и формирование экспозиций. Основным материалом для изучения указанных вопросов стали монографии, статьи в периодической печати дореволюционного периода, материалы архивов библиотеки Московской духовной академии. Публикаций, посвящённых истории музея дореволюционного периода, существует весьма немного ввиду малоизученности источников, а также наличия источников, не введённых в научный оборот на сегодняшний день. Настоящее исследование в некоторой степени восполняет этот пробел. В статье приводятся факты из источников и публикаций, раскрывающие смысл 1871 г. для истории Церковно-археологического кабинета Московской духовной академии.

The purpose of this work is to chronologically line up the events associated with the emergence of the museum within the walls of the Moscow Theological Academy, determine their signi cance for the formation of the museum collection, and also show the contribution of the professors of the Academy to the development of its concept and the formation of expositions. Monographs, articles in periodicals of the pre-revolutionary period, materials from the archives of the library of the Moscow Theological Academy became the main material for studying these issues. There are very few publications devoted to the history of the museum of the pre-revolutionary period due to the insuf ciently studied sources, as well as the presence of sources that have not been introduced into scienti c circulation today. The present study lls this gap to some extent. The article presents facts from sources and publications that reveal the meaning of 1871 for the history of the Church and Archaeological Cabinet of the Moscow Theological Academy.
Three Views on the Past and Future of Russia - Westerning, Eurasianism, Soilism
Authors: Горюнов Алексей Владимирович
Published: May 2022

Статья посвящёна анализу исторической и социокультурной специфики России как локальной цивилизации. В работе анализируется социокультурная структура Российской цивилизации, выделяются такие её сегменты, как «социокультурное ядро», «внутренний Восток», «внутренний Запад»; выделяются такие направления общественной мысли, как «западничество», «евразийство» и «почвенничество». Также показывается, что указанная структура Российской цивилизации обусловлена спецификой её исторического пути. В завершающей части работы на примере полемики Н. А. Бердяева и Л. П. Карсавина анализируются различия во взглядах на русскую историю представителей указанных направлений.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the historical and socio-cultural speci cs of Russia as a local civilization. The paper analyzes the socio-cultural structure of the Russian civilization, highlights its segments such as «socio-cultural core», «inner east», «inner west», highlights such areas of social thought as «Westernism», «Eurasianism» and «Soilism». It is also shown that the speci ed structure of the Russian civilization is due to the speci cs of its historical path. In the nal part of the work, on the example of the polemics of N. A. Berdyaev and L. P. Karsavin, the differences in the views on Russian history of representatives of these trends are analyzed.
Retinal examination with curcumin in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Kayabasi Umur A. , Cekmeceli Selçuk N.
Published: May 2022

Background: Currently there is no definite cure for Alzheimer's therefore early detection is critical. Undetected Alzheimer's Disease (AD) can lead to severe accidents, neglecting to take essential medications, injury to oneself or others, and/or financial problems. Currently, biomarkers are the most promising way to detect Alzheimer's early on. Biomarkers such as beta-amyloid and tau levels taken through invasive mehods or brain scans that involve radiation are among them [20]. Objectives: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) presents itself in the body with an increase in ß-amyloid (Aß) plaque deposition, neurofibrillary tangle formation (NFT), and inflammation. As the retina is an extension of the brain and the brain structure it is possible to detect misfolded proteins via retinal examination non-invasively. One of the main objectives of this study is to determine the effectiveness of curcumin which is a phytochemical which can bind to amyloid-beta and Tau and can be used both for the diagnosis and early treatment of AD. The aim of this study was to discover the binding property of curcumin to both Tau and AB in the retina as a potential biomarker for AD.Methods: In this study, 20 patients were invited with mild AD who had undergone retinal examination within the past 2 years. All the patients had retinal imaging with curcumin which revealed misfolded proteins during the examination and then they were advised to take daily curcumin. The mean age of the patients was 71, and the patients were instructed to take Curcumin Meriva in 500 mg supplements once daily after their prior examinations. All patients had tests repeated with FAF and Heidelberg Spectralis OCT device. The regions with abnormal lesions on FAF were detected and the layer of the defect was scanned by  OCT plus compared with the previous imaging of the patients. The images were examined in a masked fashion by 2 specialists.Results: The images disclosed hyperfluorescent lesions on FAF and OCT revealed  accumulations in the inner layers of the retina. Some accumulations had dot shapes and others had fibril-tangle shapes. Some lesions were present in prior exams, but they were more pronounced and shinier after curcumin use. Their size and shape were in concordance with misfolded proteins in the brain [Fig.2,3,4,5,6].Conclusion: Retinal examination with curcumin revealed AB plaques in the retina in prior studies. Our study is the first that may demonstrate an easy way to detect the culprit plaque Tau inside the retina of live patients. Keywords: Alzheimer's Disease, curcumin, neurofibrillary tangle formation (NFT), inflammation, retina, ß-amyloid (Aß) plaque deposition, Misfolded proteins, Fundus Autofluorescence (FAF), Tau, amyloid-beta, treatment
ANALISIS USAHA TAHU DI KADEMANGAN KABUPATEN BLITAR
Authors: Ramadhan Muneeb , Aditya P Luhur
Published: May 2022

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui nkeuntungan dan kelayakann usaha produksi tahu di Kademangan Kabupaten Blitar. Metode pengolahan data dilakukan dengan nmenggunakan metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) Total penerimaan sebesar Rp 3.180.975.000 per tahun dan total biaya sebesar Rp 2.958.744,600 per tahun. (2) Kelayakan agroindustri tahu layak untuk diusahakan, karena hasil dari analisis R/C Ratio yang didapat adalah 1,075 (R/C Ratio > 1) (3) Berdasarkan hasil analisis BEP produksi harus dapat memproduksi minimal 1.616.186,0465 potong dan 11,904,4 karung untuk mencapai titik impas, dan hasil produksi yang dihasilkan usaha industri tahu adalah 1.737.400 potong dan12.775 karung limbah / tahun. 4) Penerapan GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) meliputi : lokasi, bangunan, fasilitas sanitasi, pengawasannproses, karyawan, nlabel atau keterangan produk, penyimpanan, pemeliharaan dan program sanitasi, dokumentasi dan pencatatan, npelatihan. 5) HACCP dan menganalisis usaha produksi tahu di Kademangan Blitar menetapkan titik kendali kritis CC.

This study aims to determine the advantages and feasibility of tofu production business in Kademangan, Blitar Regency. The data processing method is qualitative and quantitative methods. The results of the study show that 1) Total revenue is Rp. 3,180,975,000 per year,  total cost is Rp. 2,958,744,600 per year. 2) Feasibility of the tofu agroindustry is feasible, because the results of the R/C Ratio analysis obtained are 1.075 (R/C Ratio > 1) 3) Based on the results of the BEP analysis, production must be able to produce a minimum of 1,616,186.0465 pieces and 11,904.4 sacks to break even, and the production results of the tofu industry are 1,737,400 pieces and 12,775 sacks of waste/year. 4) The application of GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) includes: location, building, sanitation facilities, process supervision, employees, product labeling or description, storage, maintenance and sanitation programs, documentation and recording, training. 5) HACCP and analyze the tofu production business in Kademangan Blitarn to determine the critical point of CC.
ANALISIS TEMPERATUR DAN TONASE DALAM PENENTUAN OIL LOSSES CPKO PADA INDUSTRI PENGOLAHAN MINYAK
Authors: Lubis Rizki Fadhillah , Purba Ari Pranata Primisa , Armaini Silvi
Published: May 2022

Oil losses in the oil processing industry is still of particular concern. The purpose of this study is to find out how the relationship and influence between CPKO oil tonnage and temperature in each tank, analyze oil losses and causal factors using Correlation and Linear Regression. Based on the results of research it can be known that there is a suspected relationship between temperature and oil tonnage. There are several factors that cause oil losses including human error and other factors such as the condition of the tank, raw materials and the monitoring process. Recommended improvement proposals for the company are to improve the method of sounding, equip the tank with temperature monitoring, refine sounding equipment, supervise operators in the work area and conduct supervision for each receipt of raw materials.
Selection of the rational geometry of specimen for compression test
Authors: Borysevych Volodymyr , Zhang Xiang , Chen Jingming
Published: May 2022

The object of study in this article is the conditions during the compression test. The subject matter is the models that simulate the physical processes during the compression test. The goal is to obtain models, which allow obtaining real information about stress-strain dependence during compression. The tasks to solve are to develop a three-dimensional computer model of a specimen subjected to compression that geometry allows to avoid the nonuniform distribution of stress-strain state. The upsetting of cylindrical specimens is one of the most commonly used methods for compression tests. However, due to the frictional force on both ends of the specimen, a barreling shape is likely to appear in the middle of the cylinder during the compression process, resulting in inaccurate mechanical properties of the final measured specimens. Therefore, this paper conducts qualitative and quantitative research on the physical parameters that affect the degree of barreling during the upsetting process of cylindrical specimens. The following results were obtained. The Concave End Face (CEF)-Upsetting and Headed Specimen (HS)-Upsetting methods have a significant effect on reducing the barreling degree. The smallest difference in the barreling degree is almost close to 101.8 % that appears in the CEF-Upsetting. Further analysis shows that the above two methods have similar principles for reducing the barreling degree, and both reduce the barreling degree in the middle by increasing the deformation of the workpiece ends. Then, the influence of the deformation of the workpiece head zone on the deformation of the non-end (gauge length) zone is analyzed. The rounded corners of the transition zone between the workpiece end zone and the non-end zones of HS-Upsetting have a great influence on the generation of forming defects. The end face groove size of CEF-Upsetting has a significant effect on the barreling degree after upsetting. Under the same other conditions, the barreling degree is the smallest when the ratio of the concave depth (a/D) is 0.12, when the ratio of the concave diameter(Dc/D) doesn’t exceed 0.6, the smaller the ratio of the concave diameter(Dc/D), the smaller the barreling degree. Finally, through the design of the orthogonal test, the functional relationship between the barreling degree and the dimension parameters of the workpiece ends zone is established. Conclusions: It doesn’t prove the feasibility of barreling-less upsetting only, but also provides theoretical support for actual production in the future.
Формування одновимірних оксидних наноструктур шляхом проміжного осадження благородних металів
Authors: Баранов Олег Олегович
Published: May 2022

A method for forming the geometry of one-dimensional nanostructures (nanowires) of copper oxide is proposed, which allows for a significant increase in the ratio of their length to diameter, which is critical for certain practical applications. The essence of the method is that after reaching the saturation regime of the dependence of the length of the nanowire on the time of its growth, the stage of deposition of precious metal (gold) is realized, the nanoparticles of which are fixed on the side surface of the nanowire. In the saturation mode, the entire flow of copper atoms moving from the root to the top of the nanowire reacts on the side surface of the nanowire due to collisions with oxygen molecules adsorbed by this surface. But the presence of a metal that does not react with oxygen significantly reduces the concentration of the latter on the side surface of the nanowire. The presence of a noble metal, which covers most of the nanowire, significantly reduces the intensity of the oxidation reaction of copper on the side of the nanowire, thus lengthening the diffusion path of copper from root to tip of the nanowire, thereby increasing its length. Therefore, after the stage of intermediate deposition, the growth process of the nanowires is restored. The process of intermediate deposition of unreacted metal can be applied more than once, which allows for flexible control of the process of nanowire formation. From the viewpoint of the general productivity of the process, it is critical to use plasma to implement the process of nanowire growth because it is the processes in the plasma environment that are characterized by the rapid achievement of the saturation mode of time dependence, which is proven experimentally. As a result, the overall productivity of the combined process using the intermediate deposition of the noble metal can be accelerated up to five times compared to the currently common thermal growth processes. Calculations using a modified mathematical model of growth of one-dimensional nanostructures of copper oxide in a thermal reactor, which is used to predict growth in plasma under atmospheric pressure (radiofrequency, capacitive, etc.), where conditions are similar to thermal growth. The method is general and can be applied to other growth processes that depend on the reactions on the surfaces of nanostructures.
Теоретичне визначення режимів селективного лазерного плавлення для виготовлення деталей з мінімальним рівнем пористості
Authors: Полупан Антон Сергійович , Сікульський Валерій Терентійович
Published: May 2022

The subject of this article is the process of manufacturing parts of aerospace technology by selective laser melting (SLM) using metal powder of heat-resistant alloy Inconel 718. Objectives: to determine the reasonable size of the melt bath in relation to certain process parameters; to examine the level of porosity based on the obtained values of the melt bath; to determine the most acceptable mode of the SLM process. The methods used are mathematical models of optimization and methods for solving nonlinear problems. The simulation took into account such parameters as the power of the laser radiation, the scanning speed, the size of the laser spot, the temperature of the construction plate, the thickness of the powder layer and the hatch spacing. The following results were obtained. According to the obtained data, the optimal dimensions of the melt bath were determined, which ensure the stability and productivity of the SLM process, the minimum level of porosity, a high level of tightness and the reliability of aerospace parts. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is as follows: the values of the optimal parameters of the SLM process for the manufacture of parts with a minimum level of porosity for heat-resistant alloy material Inconel 718 were confirmed. LPBF methods, namely SLM. It was found that the optimal single track was formed at two combinations of scanning modes, namely: at a laser power of 100 W, and a scanning speed of 600 mm/s; at a laser power of 100 W, and a scanning speed of 700 mm/s. According to the simulation results, according to the criterion, the level of porosity (solids ratio) was less than 0.5%, the highest growth rate was detected at 100 W, scan speed 700 mm/s and hatch spacing 0.1 mm.
Моделювання умов отримання наноструктур в алюмінієвих сплавах при дії іонізуючого випромінювання
Authors: Широкий Юрій Вячеславович , Сисоєв Юрій Олександрович , Постельник Тетяна Олександрівна
Published: May 2022

The use of laser radiation as a source of ionizing radiation to obtain nanostructured and submicrostructured layers on aluminum alloys requires the determination of the necessary technological parameters. Therefore, a theoretical study of ionizing radiation on aluminum alloy AK8 was conducted according to the previously proposed model. When choosing the region in the material of the aluminum alloy, where nanostructures can be formed under the action of ionizing radiation, apply different lengths of ions. Because of the theoretical study of the formation of nanostructures in the surface layer of the aluminum alloy AK8, the temperature distribution in the zone of ionizing radiation at different depths of the material was obtained. Temperature fields for different heat flux densities q1 = 106 W/m2 and q2 = 105 W/m2 were also constructed. The obtained temperature fields for heat flux q1 showed that with increasing depth of the material, the temperature decreases from 2480 to 650 K. The values of maximum temperatures on the material surface are slightly higher than necessary to obtain nanostructures at lower depths maximum temperatures decrease to nanostructures can be realized. Simultaneously, under the action of heat flux q2 = 105 W/m2, the maximum surface temperature decreased to values of 1950 K, and at depth it was 550 K. and was equal to 106 K/s at q2. All these confirmed the possibility of creating conditions for the formation of nanostructures. Due to the temperature range obtained from the calculated temperature fields, the depths of the aluminum alloy where nanostructures can be formed were determined. Studies of the effect of laser radiation spot size on the surface of the material on the formation of nanostructures were also conducted, which showed that when exposed to a spot size of 3 · 103 to 10-3 m, the possibility of nanostructures is significantly reduced, while reducing the spot size to 10-4 m leads to a significant increase in the possibility of forming nanostructures. To estimate the possible volume of nanostructures, the dependence of the nanocluster size on the heat flux density in the range from 107 to 1010 W / m2 and its action time in the range from 10-9 to 10-3 s were considered. The dependence of the maximum temperature on the heat flux density and the time of its action is also constructed. All this allows you to choose the technological parameters of laser radiation to obtain nanostructured layers on aluminum alloys, and the ability to determine the size of nanostructures allows you to predict the physical and mechanical characteristics of the surface layers of processing materials. These studies may be of interest to specialists in strengthening the surfaces of aluminum alloys and further studies of nanostructures.
Limbu Poets’ Experiences of Using Facebook for Promoting Endangered Indigenous Language
Authors: Lawati Dig Dhoj , Rana Karna
Published: May 2022

The authors report an examination of Limbu poets’ experiences of using Facebook to share Limbu poems expecting to promote their Indigenous language, literature, and culture, and preserve Indigenous identities. We employed online semi-structured interviews with participants and observation of their Facebook walls to gather qualitative data. We discuss how the Limbu poets attempted to promote their Limbu language through Facebook. Limbu poets used their Indigenous poems to inform and promote the value of their language and to preserve Indigenous cultural values. The poetic creation in the Limbu language received significant responses from readers, however, far less than the poems in Nepali and English. This result may have occurred because many members of the Limbu community might not have understood Limbu poems. It demonstrates the decline of Limbu, one of the Indigenous languages in Nepal, and the challenge of preserving and promoting the language. Limbu poets’ more organized and innovative ways of using Facebook for promoting their Indigenous language may help them achieve their aim to restore their language.
An Exploration of Black College Students’ Conformity to Gender-Role Norms on Gender-Role Stress and Depression
Authors: Berry April T. , Holloway Linda J. M.
Published: May 2022

Gender-role norms have caused men and women to be limited to many of the expectations that distinguish masculinity and femininity. Thus, the societally derived idea of what “makes a man a man” or a “woman a woman” has become the topic of gender-role conflict. Previous studies have investigated gender-role conflict between masculinity and femininity and gender-role norms, but there is a gap in understanding how conforming to gender-role norms affect mental health, particularly among Black cisgender college students. The present study examined the adherence to gender-role norms and its impact on gender-role stress and depression that results from conforming to traditional ideology in a sample of Black cisgender college students (n = 120). An Independent Samples T-Test revealed statistically significant differences between Black men’s and women’s conformity to gender-role norms and their reported experiences of gender-role stress, but not depression. Results suggest there are psychological consequences of conforming to traditional role norms for both Black male and female college students and could potentially impact how these students perceive their gender-roles in society.
Recent Perspectives on Task-Based Language Learning and Teaching
Authors: Upadhayaya Krishna Kumari
Published: May 2022

The book, Recent Perspectives on Task-Based Language Learning and Teaching, edited by Mohammad Javad Ahmadian and María del Pilar García Mayo, may prove a useful tool for experienced and novice Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) researchers. The book is divided into 12 chapters and discusses the most recent trends in TBLT.