bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La guerre vue du ciel : l’usage des drones en terrain africain
Authors: Sourna Loumtouang Erick
Published: February 2020

Fin mars 2016, un reportage de la chaîne France 24 dans l’Extrême-Nord Cameroun fait état de l’usage des drones par l’armée camerounaise pour combattre Boko Haram. Ces engins, dit le responsable de la communication du ministère de la Défense camerounaise, permettent de réduire les efforts humains et de surveiller la frontière camerouno-nigeriane, devenue névralgique depuis le début de l’insurrection armée de Boko Haram en 2009. Le 17 février 2017, the Voice of America poste sur sa chaîne YouTube en langue Haoussa, une vidéo montrant de jeunes adolescents, combattants dans les rangs de Boko Haram en train de piloter un drone, à l’image des multiples prototypes qu’il est possible d’acquérir au détour d’un clic sur internet et dans des magasins de gadgets électroniques au Nigeria. Les insurgés à côté de ces pilotes de fortune, vraisemblablement impressionnés par l’objet, cachent mal leur joie à la vue du petit insecte dans les airs. Ces deux tableaux mettent en évidence l’usage des drones dans le cadre du conflit qui oppose les États du bassin du lac Tchad au mouvement djihadiste Boko Haram. Si ces deux fresques donnent à voir l’omniprésence des drones en ce début de XXI e  siècle, cette situation masque au contraire la longue histoire de leur utilisation même si celle-ci est inégalement répartie en fonction des continents. L’Afrique est dans ce contexte la dernière frontière des drones. Sur le continent africain, les drones amorcent dans ce continent une percée autant à travers leurs applications civiles et militaires. Si cette tendance traduit un vent de nouveauté dans l’usage des nouvelles technologies, elle préfigure un nouvel impérialisme sur fond technologique. Réflexion de nature exploratoire, cette étude se propose de discuter l’utilisation des drones en terrain africain dans une perspective critique. On s’intéressera ainsi d’une part à l’usage civil des drones, sans les déconnecter des logiques néolibérales qui sous-tendent la conquête du marché africain par les constructeurs occidentaux et asiatiques, et d’autre part à l’utilisation de ces aéronefs sans pilote dans le cadre de la lutte contre le terrorisme dans le bassin du lac Tchad.
Le projet Maven, entre pressions politiques et postures éthiques
Authors: Jeannin Hélène
Published: February 2020

Nous revenons sur le projet Maven aux États-Unis et le mouvement de contestation qu’il a déclenché au sein de Google en 2018. Ce projet prévoyait que Google aide le Département de la Défense américain en équipant les drones militaires de solutions d’intelligence artificielle et de cloud sans en informer les salarié·e·s. Nous nous interrogeons sur les motivations sur lesquelles repose leur tollé. Nous formulons plusieurs hypothèses. La première est liée à la puissance de valeurs militantes au sein de catégories professionnelles spécifiques, qui deviennent des moteurs pour l’action. La seconde est corrélée aux progrès techniques de l’IA, dans un contexte de convergence croissante des sphères civile et militaire et de fortes pressions politiques de la part du Pentagone et de la Maison-Blanche. En tout état de cause, une telle mobilisation appelle à une prise de conscience élargie sur les enjeux éthiques et sociétaux de l’IA, et à des débats bien au-delà de la communauté scientifique.
L’archéologie de l’hellénisme à Chypre : à propos de deux publications récentes
Authors: Fourrier Sabine
Published: February 2020

Deux publications récentes offrent l’occasion de revenir sur des découvertes archéologiques de Chypre datant de l’époque classique ( v e‑ iv e s. av. J.‑C.), et sur l’interprétation qui en a été proposée. La première concerne trois sarcophages mis au jour dans une tombe de Kition, que leur inventeur lit à la lumière d’un processus d’hellénisation du royaume « chypro‑phénicien ». La seconde porte sur des « lits de galet » dégagés dans le palais d’Amathonte, et dont le fouilleur recherche la signification dans des parallèles pour l’essentiel issus du monde grec. On propose de replacer ces découvertes, vestiges mobiliers et traces de pratiques, dans des séries locales qui permettent d’en offrir une vision, sinon plus juste, du moins plus nuancée.
La clinique à l’épreuve des nouvelles normes
Authors: Gianèse-Madelaine Catherine
Published: February 2020

Les institutions et les familles vivent actuellement un contexte de changement qui se complexifie sans cesse. Ceci peut produire des mouvements déstabilisants pour les familles comme pour les cliniciens. L’énergie psychique (individuelle et groupale) est fortement mobilisée, notamment par un surinvestissement de nouvelles normes, que ce soit pour s’en défendre ou pour tenter de s’y adapter. Un exemple clinique interrogera ces questions à travers l’analyse du contre-transfert et la constitution d’un dispositif d’écoute groupale permettant la remise en circulation des pensées dans l’économie psychique familiale ainsi qu’un processus de subjectivation.
Normes institutionnelles, normes du superviseur
Authors: Lafage Alain
Published: February 2020

La supervision d’équipe a-t-elle des normes qui donnent à sa pratique des références susceptibles d’être partagées ? L’auteur interroge les aspects communs qui apparaissent dans la pratique de la supervision dans les différents contextes où elle est convoquée et qui semblent structurer cette action de plus en plus utilisée, notamment dans le champ clinique et médico-social. Son questionnement vise à situer la place de cette instance dans l’économie psychique des équipes et des institutions.
Sémiotique et communication politique : images décryptées de la présidentielle tunisienne à l’épreuve
Authors: Ben Messaoud Moez
Published: February 2020

L’inventio, la dispositio, l’elocutio, l’actio et la memoria représentent, dans la culture de la Grèce antique, les cinq composantes de l’art de bien parler qu’est la rhétorique. Or, si le « contexte de l’Athènes classique favorisait la prise de parole publique et l’art de la persuasion, [...] la maîtrise de l’éloquence est devenue rapidement “un enjeu de pouvoir”, tandis que la rhétorique envisagée comme pensée autour du discours et sa pratique est née en même temps que la démocratie » (« Rhétorique », Wikipédia). Mais si les Athéniens prenaient part à la vie politique de leur cité en assistant aux réunions de « l’Assemblée », à l’ère moderne, toute communication est aisément relayée via les médias et les divers moyens de communication. C’est alors que la réflexion sur la prise de parole publique dépasse l’art de la rhétorique pour concerner tout autant les sciences du langage, dont la sémiotique, que les sciences de l’information et de la communication. Se faisant donc échos et s’interrogeant mutuellement, il semble aujourd’hui indispensable d’associer ces domaines dans l’étude du discours, notamment politique. Ainsi, c’est dans cette perspective d’étude que notre présent travail, – qui consiste à développer de manière synthétique une analyse du discours politique de différents candidats à la présidentielle 2019 en Tunisie –, s’inscrira dans une problématique de l’interdisciplinarité où le rapport entre sémiotique, analyse du discours et communication est bien tangible.
“Exchanging gin for gardening”: The Treatment of Female Inebriates in Duxhurst Farm Colony, 1895-1914
Authors: Bonzom Alice
Published: February 2020

Cet article s’intéresse à la question de l’alcoolisme féminin en Grande Bretagne de la fin du XIX e siècle au début du XX e siècle. Il analyse en particulier l’anxiété à laquelle le phénomène donne naissance et la batterie législative qui en découle. La colonie agricole pour « buveuses invétérées » de Duxhurst, fondée par la philanthrope et socialiste chrétienne Lady Isabella Somerset en 1895, révèle le poids du genre dans le traitement de l’alcoolisme. La colonie cristallise des tensions entre une approche traditionnelle moralisatrice de l’alcoolisme et un modèle médical naissant. Si elle offre une vision utopique, novatrice et bienveillante des buveuses, elle s’inscrit aussi dans une tentative normative de re-féminisation des déviantes alcooliques. Cet article tentera de mettre en lumière les méthodes pionnières de Duxhurst et les louanges et critiques dont elle fit l’objet, afin d’évaluer le caractère révolutionnaire du projet.
“The School Will Not Forget”: Remembering the First and Second World Wars in British Public Schools (1918-2018)
Authors: Pillot Clémence
Published: February 2020

Cet article porte sur la mémoire de la première et de la seconde guerre mondiale dans les public schools britanniques où le taux de mortalité des anciens élèves fut respectivement de 18 % — comparé à 11 % à l’échelle nationale — et 13,4 % lors du premier et deuxième conflit mondial. Il suggère qu’en lien notamment avec la Grande Guerre, les commémorations ont été l’occasion pour les écoles de produire de nouveaux discours sur les notions de service et d’engagement. L’article met en lumière les processus institutionnels de mémoire observables dans les public schools qui prirent elles-mêmes soin de conserver le souvenir de leurs très nombreux anciens élèves morts au combat. L’article étudie également la façon dont s’infléchit le discours des écoles sur le conflit armé au cours du vingtième siècle, s’éloignant progressivement des idéaux de masculinité chrétienne et de préparation militaire. Il revient enfin sur les commémorations de la Grande Guerre et les projets liés aux centenaire, recourant aux nouvelles technologies afin d’associer un public plus large, et s’appuyant sur des références variées allant du poème « Le Soldat » de Rupert Brooke au film Ah Dieu ! que la guerre est jolie de Richard Attenborough pour produire un discours contemporain nuancé sur la guerre.
The Downfall of “World-Cities” in Oswald Spengler and D.H. Lawrence
Authors: Fleming Fiona
Published: February 2020

L’ouvrage majeur de Spengler, Le Déclin de l’Occident (1918), contribua largement à l’essor de théories politiques et philosophiques qui considéraient comme un fait inévitable la « dégénérescence » des sociétés européennes. La critique a souvent noté que la fiction et les essais de D. H. Lawrence se font le miroir d’un sentiment commun à toute l’Europe occidentale au début du vingtième siècle, nourri par la théorie de Spengler. Une nouvelle lecture approfondie des écrits de Spengler et de Lawrence révèle une nette ressemblance dans leur conception des espaces urbains et ruraux, du développement de ceux-ci et du lien spirituel qu’entretient l’homme avec eux, ainsi que dans leur conviction d’un renouveau possible dans l’espace rural, et du rétablissement d’une relation spirituelle avec la terre.
Hugh MacDiarmid : la poésie du « révolté métaphysique »
Authors: Duchateau Béatrice
Published: February 2020

Le poète moderniste Hugh MacDiarmid est connu principalement pour ses poèmes expérimentaux en scots et pour son engagement politique au milieu du xx e  siècle. Son œuvre et sa pensée ne sont pas souvent reliées à la question du religieux ou du divin. Athée déclaré, le poète écossais ne faisait pourtant que parler de Dieu dans ses poèmes. Ces derniers, tiraillés entre regrets et colère face à la mort de Dieu, et encore empreints d’une métaphysique judéo-chrétienne, matérialisent le nihilisme incomplet théorisé par Nietzsche dans le Gai Savoir (1882). Cet article se propose d’aborder l’œuvre dans sa confrontation directe avec le divin et avec les concepts qui lui sont généralement associés. Cette confrontation, souvent de nature lexicale, prend également la forme de poèmes-catalogues qui aspirent à l’immanence d’un infini déthéologisé, mettent à mal la perfection divine, et révèlent qu’une forme poétique peut s’inventer comme le lieu même d’une révolte métaphysique.
Inégalités mondiales et changement climatique
Authors: Guivarch Céline , Taconet Nicolas
Published: February 2020

Dans cet article, nous synthétisons les travaux récents sur les liens entre climat et inégalités pour montrer comment les enjeux liés aux impacts et à l’atténuation du changement climatique affectent les inégalités, à la fois entre pays et entre individus. Dans un premier temps, nous analysons les inégalités d’exposition et de vulnérabilité aux impacts du changement climatique. Puis, nous nous intéressons aux inégalités dans la contribution aux émissions de gaz à effet de serre entre pays et entre individus. Dans un dernier temps, nous montrons comment les inégalités face au changement climatique permettent d’éclairer l’équité de la répartition des actions pour lutter contre le changement climatique.
La fabrique des inégalités environnementales en France
Authors: Deldrève Valérie
Published: February 2020

Sans souci d’exhaustivité et sans nier les apports de l’interdisciplinarité, cet article présente quelques contributions à la connaissance des inégalités environnementales, issues d’enquêtes sociologiques conduites sur les territoires français. Nous postulons, afin de tester ici quelques avancées issues de ces recherches que les inégalités environnementales ne peuvent uniquement se déduire des variables socio-économiques, quand bien même celles-ci jouent un rôle structurant. Par ailleurs, deuxième hypothèse, les politiques de protection de l’environnement, y compris dans leurs réformes participatives, contribuent le plus souvent à renforcer les inégalités plus qu’à les atténuer, malgré les objectifs d’équité affichés. Enfin, dernière hypothèse, se multiplient en France en ce début de siècle des mouvements sociaux pour la justice environnementale qui peuvent contribuer à lutter contre les inégalités sociales et environnementales.
Sensory Approaches in Inpatient Psychiatric Settings: Innovative Alternatives to Seclusion & Restraint
Authors: Champagne Tina , Stromberg Nan
Published: February 2020

The national initiative to decrease the use of seclusion and restraint in psychiatric inpatient settings requires innovative methods to facilitate the processes of consumer self-organization, self-care, and positive change. Sensory-based approaches and multisensory rooms are valuable resources as cultures of care shift to become more responsive and collaborative. This article explores the importance and efficacy of trauma-informed approaches that are sensory supportive, address the individual needs of the person, and strengthen the therapeutic relationship.
Slovenski eksonimi v sosedstvu Slovenije // Slovenian exonyms in Slovenia's neighborhood
Authors: Perko Drago , Kladnik Drago
Published: February 2020

Število slovenskih eksonimov po svetu se zmanjšuje z oddaljenostjo od Slovenije, zato naj bi bilo njihovo število največje prav v bližnjih državah Slovenije.Na podlagi primerjalne analize zajetih zemljepisnih imen iz vseh pomembnejših atlasov sveta v slovenskem jeziku smo pripravili dve preglednici slovenskih eksonimov. Obsežnejša preglednica ima 5038 imen, bolj zgoščena pa 3819 imen. Vsak eksonim ima 35 vsebinskih rubrik. V analizi slovenskih eksonimov v sosedstvu Slovenije, ki vključuje 9 bližnjih držav (Italija, Avstrija, Madžarska, Hrvaška, Bosna in Hercegovina, Črna gora, Srbija, Kosovo in Severna Makedonija), smo upoštevali 279 zemljepisnih imen. Med pomenski tipi eksonimov so najbolj pogoste kopenske reliefne oblike (27,6 %), med tipi slovenjenja pa eksonimi s popolnoma prevedenimi imeni (38,0 %). Med izvirnimi jeziki eksonimov prevladujeta italijanščina (46,2 %) in nemščina (30,8 %). Najbolj pogosti slovenski eksonimi iz sosedstva Slovenije v slovenskih besedilih (poleg imen držav) so: Rim za Roma, Benetke za Venezia, Dunaj za Wien in Budimpešta za Budapest. //
 
The number of Slovenian exonyms around the world decreases with distance from Slovenia, so their number is supposed to be the highest in Slovenian neighboring countries.
Based on a comparative analysis of geographical names from all important world atlases in Slovenian language we prepared two spreadsheets of Slovenian exonyms. Extensive spreadsheet has 5038 names and concise spreadsheet 3819 names. Each exonym has 35 thematic sections.
In the analysis of Slovenian exonyms in Slovenia's neighborhood, which includes 9 nearby countries (Italy, Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Kosovo and North Macedonia), we considered 279 geographical names. Land relief forms (27.6%) are the most numerous semantic type of exonyms and completely translated names (38.0%) are the most numerous slovenization type of exonyms. Among the original languages of exonyms Italian (46.2%) and German (30.8%) prevail. The most commonly used Slovenian exonyms from Slovenia's neighborhood in the Slovenian texts (besides the names of the countries) are: Rim ‘Rome’, Benetke ‘Venice’, Dunaj ‘Vienna’ and Budimpešta ‘Budapest’.
Analysis of Coefficient of Thermal Expansion in Carbon Black Filled PDMS Composite
Authors: Shivashankar Hiremath , Sangamesh Rajole , Kulkarni S.M.
Published: February 2020

Polymer composites are gaining attention due to their superior thermal properties. Especially carbon black /carbon nanotubes/ graphene filled polymer composites are used in energy harvesting, thermal actuators and MEMS. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) is one of the most important properties in the polymer composite. In the present study, thermal expansion of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix is filled with carbon black particle of varied volume fraction is modeled. Two-dimensional finite element (FE) model is computed in order to explain the thermal expansion behavior of the polymer composite and same is carried out for ambient to 70 K temperature. A 2D regular arrangement of circular particle packing model is set up and simulated. The FE model predicts that filler geometry has a little effect on the thermal expansion than the percentage of filler in the composite. Thermal expansion of composite is compared with the theoretical model. It shows that the CTE of composite reduces as the filler percentage increase, also gives good agreement in the both models. Hence, it is found that the addition of carbon black to the polymer composite could make it perform significantly better in thermal expansion.
In-Plane Low Velocity Impact Behavior of GFRP Laminate
Authors: Mahesh Mahesh , Singh Kalyan Kumar
Published: February 2020

FRP laminates are used in several industries such as automobile, aircraft’s, spacecraft’s, defense and etc.., where high strength-to-weight ratio is the primary criteria. FRP laminates offer high design and material tailoring properties but are highly susceptible to delamination and debonding under out-of-plane low velocity impact which induces barely visible impact damage (BVID) inside the structures. A lot of research investigation is going on related to damage resistance behavior of FRP laminates under out-of-plane impact loading. But very less concentration is paid to the FRP laminates behavior under in-plane low impact loading. In this numerical analysis in-plane low velocity impact loading is carried out on a bidirectional plain woven glass fiber reinforced epoxy laminate (GFRP) using LS-DYNA. A hemispherical impactor of mass 5kg and diameter of 10mm is impacted at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5m/sec velocity on [(00/900)/(+450/-450)/(+450/-450)/(00/900)]S layup design. Two boundary conditions complete edge and corner constraining boundary conditions are considered for numerical analysis. Force vs. time, energy vs. time, displacement vs. time plots are used to evaluate the analysis.
First Principle Study of Na and P Co-Doped Heptazine Based Monolayer g-C3N4
Authors: Gorai Deepak K. , Kundu T.K.
Published: February 2020

Elements doping is a powerful way to alter the electronic structure and enhancing the photo catalytic activity of materials by relaxing the surrounding chemical bonds and forming new chemical bond. In this work, we have performed, the first principle density functional theory calculations to investigate the geometric, electronic and optical properties of pristine, Na-doped and P-doped as well as Na and P (Na/P) co-doped heptazine based monolayer graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4). The co-doping process results in significantly narrow band gap of g-C3N4. The optical absorption shows better visible-light response compare to pristine g-C3N4. After doping the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMO) show strong delocalization and indicates photo generated electron/hole (e-/h+) pair disunion abilities of doped systems are superior than pristine heptazine based monolayer g-C3N4. Thus the co-doping with Na and P elements is an effective technique to boost the photocatalytic performance of heptazine based monolayer g-C3N4.
Poly Lactic Acid, Poly Acrylic Acid and Ethanol Based Bio-Materials for PCF Design
Authors: Shahiruddin Shahiruddin , Hassan M.Ashique , Singh Manisha , Singh Dharmendra K.
Published: February 2020

Optical techniques have a momentous role in different Bio-sensing application, medical diagnosis and treatment. The availability of suitable Bio-materials such as poly lactic acid (PLA), poly acrylic acid (PAA) and ethanol has crucial impact on the designing of Photonic Crystal Fibre (PCF). The device performance and the bio-photonic applications are greatly affected by the different properties of optical, mechanical and biological and functionalities of these bio-materials. Bio-materials results in low optical loss due to its high clearness. It has moderately very less reflection, absorption and scattering of light. The different characteristics of PCF are analysed by using the different polymeric optical bio-materials. Waveguide properties have been numerically investigated by utilising the full vectorial finite element method (FEM). Dispersion at wide range of wavelength may be tuned by changing the structure geometry of bio-materials. Refractive index of Bio-materials influences the properties of Photonic Crystal fibre (PCF). A comparative result of proposed materials PCF characteristics shows highly negative dispersion, low confinement loss.
Resistive Switching Behaviour of Dip Coated ZnO Films with the Changing with Drawal Speed
Authors: Roy Sritama , Dash Saswati Soumya , Sahu Prasanna Kumar , Mishra Smita , Kar Jyoti Prakash
Published: February 2020

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) thin films were produced by the sol gel dip coating process on the p-type silicon substrate with various withdrawal speeds changing from 1 to 4 cm/min, respectively. The films were annealed at a temperature of 500 °C for an hour in air ambient. The thin film thickness was found to be raised with the rise in withdrawal speed. The uniform distribution of the grains was appeared for all the films. The evolution of c-axis oriented (002) peak was revealed from X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies. The microstructural and optical properties of ZnO films were investigated by Raman, FTIR and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The resistive switching properties of ZnO based memristors were studied by performing the current-voltage (I-V) measurements, where the thin films coated with lower withdrawal speed, have shown better switching property with rapid rise and fall of current during SET and RESET process, respectively.
Preparation of Superhydrophobic Coatings on Filter Paper for Oil-Water Separation
Authors: Sriram Sangeetha , Singh R.K. , Kumar Aditya
Published: February 2020

Oil-water separation has become the prime concern for fossil fuel exploration industries. In the present study, superhydrophobic coating on filter paper was prepared to repellent water while allowing oil to flow freely from its porous structures. Coating was generated by solution-casting technique on cellulosic filter paper using silica nanoparticles (SiO2) along with silane coupler hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS). The contact angle was measured, and it has shown 175.1° ± 1.5°, and the tilting angle is 1.5° ± 0.2°. The surface topography of coated and treated samples was also examined. Furthermore, thermal stability of fabricated filter papers was evaluated by annealing at a different range of temperatures (20 °C-220 °C). The pH resistance of the coatings were inspected by immersing the specimens in acidic and alkali solutions (pH 2-13). The mechanical durability was examined by tape-peeling and abrasion tests. Moreover, these samples have shown waterjet impact resistance. Filtration study was performed on coated filter papers using various oil-water mixtures of kerosene-water and petroleum ether-water and results have shown the separation efficiency of 99% and 98.5%, respectively. Thus these filter papers can have potential practical and industrial applications.
An Investigation on Anti-Corrosion Properties of Electroplated Copper-Graphene Nano-Composite Films
Authors: Behera Akhya Kumar , Mallik Archana
Published: February 2020

In this report, graphene sheets used as reinforcements for improvement of anti-corrosion properties have been synthesized by electrochemical intercalation and exfoliation process. The (001) and (002) plane of graphene sheets at a 2θ angle of 13.2 and 26.13 confirmed by X-ray diffraction pattern. High-resolution TEM confirms 8-12 layers of graphene present in the final products. The as-received graphene sheets have been used as reinforcement with copper matrix to synthesize Cu-Gr nanocomposite by electrodeposition method. The results and investigations of Cu-Gr composite thin films deposited from the bath containing 0.1g/L and 0.5g/L graphene concentrations with acidic copper sulfate solution have been compared. The surface morphology and roughness of composites were studied by SEM, AFM and surface profiler. The presence of graphene in Cu-Gr nanocomposite confirmed by EDS analysis. It was observed that the reinforcement particle has increased the mechanical properties of Cu-Gr composite (by 30%) with the addition to the copper matrix. The corrosion resistance of sample was studied by Tafel extrapolation method in standard borate buffer solution. For nanocomposites of 0.5g/L graphene, the values of Tafel constants are, βa=177.37 mv, βc=138.51 mv, Icorr = 9.3165×10-7Amp/cm2, Ecorr = -0.051 volts and corrosion rate 0.01028 mm/a as comparison to the corrosion rate of pure electroplated copper of a value of 0.029 mm/a. The corrosion rate of 0.5g/L Cu-Gr composite was found to be decreased by 2.7 times as compared to pure copper thin films. The structure of the films before and after corrosion was also analyzed to co-relate the electrochemical and structural relationship.
Studies on Recovery of Industrial Heavy Minerals from Lean Deposits of Brahmagiri Coast of Odisha, India
Authors: Routray Sunita , Swain Ranjita , Mohapatro Rudra Narayan
Published: February 2020

In countries like Australia and South Africa, even less than 2% grade THM samples are being mined and processed for recovery of heavy minerals. In this paper, an attempt has been made to recover heavies from lean deposits of Brahmagiri coast of India. The Brahamagiri coast contains substantial amount of heavy minerals. Still at some locations of this coast, the heavy mineral deposit is very low. The present paper deals with the recovery of values from these lean deposits. Initially, a composite sample was prepared from samples containing less than 3 % heavy minerals. The composite sample is subjected to spiral concentrator in stages to recover total heavy minerals. The results of the investigation reveal that 12 stages of spiral concentrator are essential to recover a concentrate of 90.3% grade, 1.95% yield and 99 % recovery from a composite sample containing 2.9 % heavy minerals.
Dendritic Cell Subsets in Intestinal Immunity and Inflammation
Authors: Sun Tian , Nguyen Albert , Gommerman Jennifer L.
Published: February 2020

The mammalian intestine is a complex environment that is constantly exposed to Ags derived from food, microbiota, and metabolites. Intestinal dendritic cells (DC) have the responsibility of establishing oral tolerance against these Ags while initiating immune responses against mucosal pathogens. We now know that DC are a heterogeneous population of innate immune cells composed of classical and monocyte-derived DC, Langerhans cells, and plasmacytoid DC. In the intestine, DC are found in organized lymphoid tissues, such as the mesenteric lymph nodes and Peyer’s patches, as well as in the lamina propria. In this Brief Review, we review recent work that describes a division of labor between and collaboration among gut DC subsets in the context of intestinal homeostasis and inflammation. Understanding relationships between DC subtypes and their biological functions will rationalize oral vaccine design and will provide insights into treatments that quiet pathological intestinal inflammation.
Special Pharmacy Challenges for Older People in Difficult Times
Authors: Alderman Chris
Published: February 2020

Older people are especially vulnerable to the impacts of natural disasters such as the fires in Australia and elsewhere around the world. Health care professionals have a duty of care under these circumstances, and among those who respond are pharmacists who contribute their expertise,
energy, and dedication to help where needed.
Blockchain Based Remote Patient Monitoring System
Authors: Bashayer Al-Ahmadi Bashayer Al-Ahmadi
Published: February 2020

Remote Patient Monitoring system is an approach of a health care system that enables
the patient-user of performing a remote periodical check-up. Unfortunately, these types of
systems usually don't provide the advantages of securely sharing the patient health information
among different health providers. Many types of research aimed to solve this issue by applying
the blockchain technique to the existing patient health information records at hospitals. However;
none was found regarding the remote patient monitoring system's generated data. Therefore, this
proposal aims to integrate the advantages of blockchain and the Remote Patient Monitoring
(RPM) system by building a secure blockchain based RPM system.
Assessment of genetic diversity in main local sheep breeds from Romania using microsatellite markers
Authors: Dudu Andreea , Popa Gina-Oana , Ghiță Elena , Pelmuș Rodica , Lazăr Cristina , Costache Marieta , Georgescu Sergiu E.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The state of the local breeds of farm animals is
increasingly precarious worldwide because of the aggressive introduction of
breeds with improved economical traits. The preference of the breeders for
local breeds is due to their higher adaptability to the particular climate
and relief conditions of the mountain areas, to the high rate of
assimilation of the feeds from these regions and to their increased
resistance to diseases. This study analyzes the genetic variation of the
main four local Romanian sheep breeds (Tsurcana, Tsigai, Ratska and
Teleorman Blackhead) in terms of stock and economic importance, using 18
microsatellite markers. The mean number of alleles per locus was of 9.764.
The values of genetic diversity parameters exhibited a high degree of
polymorphism for the analyzed breeds, although inbreeding was highlighted
particularly in Tsurcana and Tsigai. These breeds also showed an intense
gene flow among them and were less differentiated in comparison with Ratska
and Teleorman Blackhead. The results of this study may be useful for
breeding programs and conservation plans since the genetic resources of the
local breeds must be preserved so as to maintain an adequate level of
biodiversity in animal husbandry.
Dramatic increase in reactive volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from ships at berth after implementing the fuel switch policy in the Pearl River Delta Emission Control Area
Authors: Wu Zhenfeng , Zhang Yanli , He Junjie , Chen Hongzhan , Huang Xueliang , Wang Yujun , Yu Xu , Yang Weiqiang , Zhang Runqi , Zhu Ming , Li Sheng , Fang Hua , Zhang Zhou , Wang Xinming
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Limiting fuel sulfur content (FSC) is a widely adopted
approach for reducing ship emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and
particulate matter (PM), particularly in emission control areas (ECAs), but
its impact on the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is still
not well understood. In this study, emissions from ships at berth in
Guangzhou, southern China, were characterized before and after the
implementation of the fuel switch policy (IFSP) with an FSC limit of 0.5 %
in the Pearl River Delta ECA (ECA-PRD). After IFSP, the emission factors (EFs) of
SO2 and PM2.5 for the coastal vessels decreased by 78 % and
56 % on average, respectively; however, the EFs of the VOCs were 1807±1746 mg kg−1, approximately 15 times that of 118±56.1 mg kg−1 before IFSP. This dramatic increase in the emissions of the
VOCs might have been largely due to the replacement of high-sulfur residual
fuel oil with low-sulfur diesel or heavy oils, which are typically richer in
short-chain hydrocarbons. Moreover, reactive alkenes surpassed alkanes to
become the dominant group among the VOCs, and low-carbon-number VOCs, such
as ethylene, propene and isobutane, became the dominant species after IFSP.
As a result of the largely elevated EFs of the reactive alkenes and
aromatics after IFSP, the emitted VOCs per kilogram of fuel burned had nearly 29
times greater ozone formation potential (OFP) and approximately 2 times
greater secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAFP) than those
before IFSP. Unlike the coastal vessels, the river vessels in the region
used diesel fuels consistently and were not affected by the fuel switch
policy, but the EFs of their VOCs were 90 % greater than those of the
coastal vessels after IFSP, with approximately 120 % greater fuel-based
OFP and 70 %–140 % greater SOAFP. The results from this study suggest that
while the fuel switch policy could effectively reduce SO2 and PM
emissions, and thus help control PM2.5 pollution, it will also lead to
greater emissions of reactive VOCs, which may threaten ozone pollution
control in harbor cities. This change for coastal or ocean-going
vessels, in addition to the large amounts of reactive VOCs from the river
vessels, raises regulatory concerns for ship emissions of reactive VOCs.
Northwestward Cropland Expansion and Growing Urea-Based
Fertilizer Use Enhanced NH3 Emission Loss in the Contiguous United
States
Authors: Cao Peiyu , Lu Chaoqun , Zhang Jien , Khadilkar Avani
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The increasing demands of food and biofuel have promoted century-long cropland expansion and nitrogen (N) fertilizer enrichment in the United States. However, the role of such long-term human activities in influencing the spatiotemporal patterns of Ammonia (NH3) emission remains poorly understood. Based on an empirical model including climate, soil properties, N fertilizer management, and cropland distribution history, we have quantified monthly fertilizer-induced NH3 emission across the contiguous U.S. from 1900 to 2015. Our results show that N fertilizer-induced NH3 emission in the U.S. has increased from
PlioMIP2 simulations using the MIROC4m climate model
Authors: Chan Wing-Le , Abe-Ouchi Ayako
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The second phase of the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project (PlioMIP2) has attracted many climate modelling groups in its continuing efforts to better understand the climate of the mid-Piacenzian warm period (mPWP) when atmospheric CO2 was last closest to present day levels. Like the first phase, PlioMIP1, it is an internationally coordinated initiative that allows for a systematic comparison of various models in a similar manner to PMIP. Model intercomparison and model-data comparison now focus specifically on the interglacial at marine isotope stage KM5c (3.205 Ma) and experimental design is not only based on new boundary conditions but includes various sensitivity experiments. In this study, we present results from long-term model integrations using the MIROC4m atmosphere-ocean coupled general circulation model, developed at the institutes CCSR/NIES/FRCGC in Japan. The core experiment, with CO2 levels set to 400 ppm, shows a warming of 3.1 °C compared to the Pre-Industrial, with two-thirds of the warming being contributed by the increase in CO2. Although this level of warming is less than that in the equivalent PlioMIP1 experiment, there is a slightly better agreement with proxy sea surface temperature (SST) data at PRISM3 locations, especially in the northern North Atlantic where there were large model-data discrepancies in PlioMIP1. Similar changes in precipitation and sea ice are seen and the Arctic remains ice-free in the summer. However, unlike PlioMIP1, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is now stronger than that of the Pre-Industrial, even though increasing CO2 tends to weaken it. This stronger AMOC is a consequence of a closed Bering Strait in the PlioMIP2 paleogeography. Also, when present day boundary conditions are replaced by those of the Pliocene, the dependency of the AMOC strength on CO2 is significantly weakened. Sensitivity tests show that lower values of CO2 give a global SST which is overall more consistent with the PRISM3 SST field presented in PlioMIP1. Inclusion of dynamical vegetation and the effects of all realistic orbital configurations should be considered in future experiments using MIROC4m for the mPWP.
Application of a local attractor dimension to reduced space strongly coupled data assimilation for chaotic multiscale systems
Authors: Quinn Courtney , O'Kane Terence J. , Kitsios Vassili
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The basis and challenge of strongly coupled data assimilation (CDA) is the accurate representation of cross-domain covariances between various coupled subsystems with disparate spatio-temporal scales, where often one or more subsystems are unobserved. In this study, we explore strong CDA using ensemble Kalman filtering methods applied to a conceptual multiscale chaotic model consisting of three coupled Lorenz attractors. We introduce the use of the local attractor dimension (i.e. the Kaplan–Yorke dimension, dimKY) to prescribe the rank of the background covariance matrix which we construct using a variable number of weighted covariant Lyapunov vectors (CLVs). Specifically, we consider the ability to track the nonlinear trajectory of each of the subsystems with different variants of sparse observations, relying only on the cross-domain covariance to determine an accurate analysis for tracking the trajectory of the unobserved subdomain. We find that spanning the global unstable and neutral subspaces is not sufficient at times where the nonlinear dynamics and intermittent linear error growth along a stable direction combine. At such times a subset of the local stable subspace is also needed to be represented in the ensemble. In this regard the local dimKY provides an accurate estimate of the required rank. Additionally, we show that spanning the full space does not improve performance significantly relative to spanning only the subspace determined by the local dimension. Where weak coupling between subsystems leads to covariance collapse in one or more of the unobserved subsystems, we apply a novel modified Kalman gain where the background covariances are scaled by their Frobenius norm. This modified gain increases the magnitude of the innovations and the effective dimension of the unobserved domains relative to the strength of the coupling and timescale separation. We conclude with a discussion on the implications for higher-dimensional systems.
Aero-elastic analysis of wind turbines under turbulent inflow conditions
Authors: Guma Giorgia , Bangga Galih , Lutz Thorsten , Krämer Ewald
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The aero-elastic response of the DANAERO wind turbine and interaction phenomena are investigated by the use of a high-fidelity model. A time-accurate unsteady fluid-structure interaction (FSI) coupling between a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code for the aerodynamic response and a multi-body simulation (MBS) code for the structural response is used. Different CFD models of the same turbine with increasing complexity and technical details are coupled to the same MBS model in order to identify the impact of the different modeling approaches. The influence of the blade and tower flexibility and of the inflow turbulence is analyzed for a specific case of the DANAERO experiment. Lastly a fatigue analysis is performed from load signals in order to identify the most damaging load cycles and the fatigue ratio between the different models, showing that for low inflow velocities, a high turbulence has a major impact than the flexibility.
Caracterización de Beneficios húmedos tradicionales en la cooperativa UCANOR, Jinotega, Cosecha 2010-2011
Authors: Dicovskiy Riobóo Luis María , Toruño Gustavo , Zamora Celia , Rodríguez Víctor , Romero Marlon
Published: February 2020

En la cosecha cafetalera 2010-2011, se hizo una caracterización de los beneficios húmedos tradicionales de la Cooperativa UCANOR de Jinotega. Para obtener la información del estudio se pasaron encuestas a la mayoría de los cooperados y se visitó sus beneficios, además se hicieron entrevistas y observación de procesos en una muestra teórica de productores. Se encontró que los beneficios tradicionales estudiados tenían un esquema muy semejante de operaciones: recepción de café uva con selección manual, selección en tolva, despulpado con máquina, fermentación en pilas o sacos, lavado del café pergamino en canales, oreado al sol, y envío al beneficio seco en sacos. En general los beneficios, en lo que se refiere al manejo de sus residuos y consumo de agua, no cumplen varios aspectos de la Norma Técnica Obligatoria Nicaragüense para la protección de los cuerpos de agua, afectados por los vertidos líquidos y sólidos provenientes de los beneficios húmedos.
De grote toezichtinterviewestafette – deel 2: AFM
Authors: Halbersma Rein , van Wingerde Karin
Published: February 2020

De grote toezichtinterviewestafette – deel 2: AFM. Goed toezicht is niet uit te drukken in één kernwaarde

Voor deze editie van het estafette-interview spraken Rein Halbersma en Karin van Wingerde namens de redactie van Tijdschrift voor Toezicht met Hanzo van Beusekom. Van Beusekom trad in juni 2018 toe tot de raad van bestuur van de Autoriteit Financiële Markten (AFM), waarvoor hij eerder tussen 2003 en 2010 ook al werkzaam was. Binnen het bestuur van de AFM is hij verantwoordelijk voor domeinoverstijgend toezicht en voor vernieuwing. Hij ziet het als zijn belangrijkste opdracht om het toezicht van de AFM meer data- en technologiegedreven te maken. Halbersma en Van Wingerde spreken met Van Beusekom onder meer over zijn terugkeer naar de AFM, over de kernwaarden van de AFM en over de uitdagingen waarvoor toezichthouders zich gesteld zien in een toenemende globale en digitale wereld.
Athletic talent as a scientific problem and challenge for practice
Authors: Issurin Vladimir
Published: February 2020

Aim. A narrative review of the research results of the multi-aspectual phenomenon of sports talent by researchers from various research centers around the world.
Basic procedures. Analysis and synthesis in a narrative review of various methodological concepts regarding research on sports talent, with particular notice of selected American (USA), Canadian, Dutch, German (DDR) and Soviet (USSR) stances.
Results. The commonly accepted approach presupposes the division of long-term preparation into a number of stages, at which various age and sport-specific tasks are solved, and young athletes overcome appropriate phases of their giftedness and talent evaluation. The objective difficulties in Talent Identification (TI) are associated with variations in the rate of maturation and unevenness of biological and sport-specific development of young prospects. Serious restrictions regarding early evaluation of giftedness and talent are associated with the lack of psychological measures and insufficient attention paid to personality traits that, to a great extent, determine the achievement of exceptional performance. Talent Identification (TI) in team sports requires more sensitive tests for prediction of successful game activity; such an item as fatigue tolerance was not taken into account by training experts and analysts.
Main findings. 1. Athletic Talent is a complex, multifaceted phenomenon that is widely considered from methodological, biological, philosophical and social positions; 2. The methodological foundation can be considered the basic background for general comprehension of the problem and fulfilment of various scientific and practical projects directed towards the recognition, identification and promotion of talented individuals.
Anti-cancer properties of ruthenium compounds: NAMI-A and KP1019
Authors: Juszczak Michał , Kluska Magdalena , Wysokiński Daniel , Woźniak Katarzyna
Published: February 2020

Cancer research is among the key challenges in current medicine and biology. Many decades of investigations have brought measurable benefits in both areas with regard to expanding the knowledge of the molecular mechanism of cancer and developing treatment strategies. Despite that cancers are still among diseases with the highest mortality rate, and cancer treatment is often unsuccessful and connected with severe side effects. The development of therapeutic strategies in both targeting the primary tumor origin and preventing metastasis is largely based on testing newly synthesized chemical agents, including a group of metal-containing complexes. It seems that ruthenium-containing complexes are of high potential in cancer therapy, and our work presents the current data about the application of ruthenium-based complexes − NAMI-A and KP1019 in cancer therapy.
Revealing User Influence in an Online Newspaper
Authors: Pochet Gilberto Flores , Kamienski Carlos
Published: February 2020

Web-based online newspapers have become a very popular way to share information as well as to allow users to comment news and each other's comments. In such environments some users play a prominent role and eventually influence other users thus leading discussions as they please. So far, there is no way of identifying and quantifying such influence. This paper proposes and analyzes a methodology for identifying influential users that builds implicit social networks upon users who post comments in the same news, suggests three different ways of identifying influential users and measures influence based on similarity of comments. We applied it to data collected from a Brazilian online newspaper and results confirm its effectiveness by revealing a significant similarity between comments of identified influential users and the remaining ones.
Modelagem e Análise de Conformidade do Processo de Atracamento Molecular
Authors: Biazus Miller , Thom Lucinéia Heloisa , Dorn Márcio
Published: February 2020

O processo de atracamento molecular é complexo, especialmente devido ao vocabulário especialista da área de bioinformática, podendo levar a problemas de interpretação entre os stakeholders do processo. O presente artigo propõe um modelo validado e verificado para o processo de atracamento molecular utilizando a Notação e Modelo de Processos de Negócio (BPMN), reconhecida como padrão pela OMG. O modelo de processo expõe um entendimento consensual - com base na literatura de Bioinformática e na opinião de especialistas de domínio - sobre como o processo deve ser definido e executado, e é utilizado como ponto de partida para uma análise de conformidade entre dois softwares existentes para realizar atracamento molecular.
A gamified peer assessment model for on-line learning environments: An experiment with MeuTutor
Authors: Tenório Thyago , Bittencourt Ig Ibert
Published: February 2020

Though the on-line learning environments provide scalable and automatic ways to present a content, forums and evaluate the progress of the students, they are still limited in their ability to evaluate complex activities such as correction of essays. Facing this issue, Peer Assessment (PA) offers a powerful solution. However, a major problem found when using PA is the presence of inadequate behaviours from students, which affect the learning and evaluation system. In this sense, this paper proposes a gamified peer assessment model, where the gamification elements improvement the motivational aspect of the students. In the experiments conducted, it was concluded that there were no statistical variations between the grades obtained compared to the experts, the correction time was reduced and the cost involved decreased 72.4%. The gamification encouraged students to use the platform: increased access (+64.28%), essays performed (+10.53%) and essays corrected (+20%).