bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clínica-política: A Análise Bioenergética e os atravessamentos de raça e classe no Brasil.
Authors: Silva Lidiane Aparecida Araujo
Published: June 2024

Este artigo tem por objetivo propor uma reflexão inicial acerca dos caminhos trilhados no Brasil pela Análise Bioenergética e sua implicação critica e política relacionado a assuntos que atravessam a população brasileira como aspectos de classe, gênero e raça, desde o surgimento da abordagem, suas raízes reichianas, a chegada no Brasil e sua disseminação. É um texto que intenciona reivindicar a clínica política no contexto social brasileiro. Se propõem a realizar, a partir de um breve resgaste histórico e bibliográfico, reflexões sobre o surgimento e caminhar da Análise Bioenergética no Brasil, e analisar a implicação desta abordagem nas questões sociais e raciais que constituem este país e ausências de diversidades. Traz a colonialidade como pilar central para a discussão das corporeidades nas américas e principalmente no Brasil.
Aborda a relevância da temática racial e social nos atravessamentos de corpos de pessoas
brasileiras, sejam elas brancas, negras, indígenas ou de diversas outras etnias que constituem o país e torna-se urgente para as psicoterapias corporais no geral e para Análise Bioenergética em particular enxergar que os corpos não são iguais, pois suas marcas históricas, sociais, políticas, de raça, de gênero, orientação, entre outros são diferentes.
O artigo foi produzido como parte de um estudo de caso e seu texto foi construído para a titulação da certificação internacional como Analista Bioenergética (CBT) pela Sociedade Brasileira de Análise Bioenergética, sendo adaptado e ampliado para maior contextualização das problematizações realizadas.
As Doenças Autoimunes pela ótica da Psicologia Corporal e Tradicional: Uma Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Viana Flávia Passos
Published: June 2024

Este estudo tem como finalidade realizar uma revisão integrativa de literatura sobre o tema das doenças autoimunes e como se encontram os estudos feitos pela Psicologia Corporal e pelas demais abordagens psicológicas sobre este assunto. Foram incluídos trabalhos encontrados nas seguintes bases de dados, revistas e sites: Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Google Acadêmico, Revista Latino Americana de Psicologia Corporal; Revista Psicologia Corporal Online – Centro Reichiano, Federação Latino Americana de Análise Bioenergética, Revista de Análise Bioenergética (IIBA) e buscas em seus sites por monografias e anais de Congresso. Os estudos revisados apontam sobre a relevância e eficácia de intervenções psicológicas nos quadros de diferentes doenças autoimunes, embora na maioria dos casos não haja alteração no curso das doenças. A Psicoterapia Corporal foi a única abordagem a envolver sistematicamente trabalhos corporais e maior foco sobre o estresse e impactos antes e após a manifestação dos sintomas.
Stromal-Like Cells Are Found in Peripheral Blood of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Correlate With Immune Activation State
Authors: Honan Amanda M. , Jacobsen Gillian E. , Drum Hannah , Vazquez Emily N. , Quintero Maria A. , Deshpande Amar R. , Sussman Daniel A. , Kerman David H. , Damas Oriana M. , Proksell Siobhan , Van der Jeught Kevin , Abreu Maria T. , Chen Zhibin
Published: June 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Recent studies have identified a critical role of stromal-immune cell interactions in immunity and immune tolerance. Transcriptomic profiling has implicated stromal cells in immune-mediated disorders including the 2 common forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC). Stromal-immune interactions may edify inflammatory state and the development of IBD-related complications such as fibrosis, yet the lack of protein markers has hampered studying stromal-immune perturbation.

METHODS:

In this study, we designed a 40-color spectral flow cytometry assay to characterize hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells in intestinal biopsies and matched blood samples from patients with CD or UC.

RESULTS:

We identified circulating stromal-like cells that are significantly more abundant in IBD blood samples than in healthy controls. Those cells expressed podoplanin (PDPN), a commonly used marker for fibroblasts, and they were associated with activated and memory T and B cells and altered natural killer cell, monocyte, and macrophage populations. PDPN+ cells in the blood correlated with PDPN+ cells in the colon. Principal component analysis distinctly separated healthy blood samples from IBD blood samples, with stromal-like cells and B-cell subtypes dominating the IBD signature; Pearson correlation detected an association between PDPN+ stromal-like cells and B-cell populations in IBD blood and gut biopsies.

DISCUSSION:

These observations suggest that PDPN+ cells in the blood may serve as a biomarker of IBD. Understanding the relationship between stromal cells and immune cells in the intestine and the blood may provide a window into disease pathogenesis and insight into therapeutic targets for IBD.
Psychosocial Stimulation Interventions to Optimise The Developmental Growth Process of Stunted Toodlers in The First 1000 Days of Life: A Systematic Review
Authors: Azwar Azwar , Setiawan Agus , Rahmadiyah Dwi Cahya
Published: June 2024

This systematic review investigates the efficacy of psychosocial stimulation interventions in improving the developmental outcomes of stunted toddlers during their first 1000 days of life. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework to analyse 13 articles that met strict inclusion criteria from various scientific disciplines. Our findings reveal that interventions emphasising family empowerment, enhanced hygiene, and strategic health education significantly impact child growth and cognitive development. Community-based approaches, including cash transfers and educational programs, support sustainable development in resource-limited settings. This review also identifies the importance of cultural adaptation in intervention strategies, ensuring community acceptance and effective implementation. Despite the promising outcomes, the variability in research methodologies and the focus on specific socio-economic contexts limit the generalizability of the results. Future research should expand the studies' geographical and cultural scope to validate these findings comprehensively. The implications of this review support the integration of psychosocial stimulation into public health policies, highlighting its potential to improve developmental trajectories and reduce stunting in affected populations substantially.
Floristics and indigenous knowledge of agro-climatically diverse Sacred groves of central Kerala
Authors: Nair Haritha R , Mathew Lizzy
Published: June 2024

The study aimed to identify and document indigenous knowledge about medicinal plants in the selected sacred groves of central Kerala using the typical ethnobotanical approach and record the information. A pre-structured questionnaire survey and quantitative analysis were carried out to record the medicinal plants and to determine the ailments categories. In this study, 141 species belonging to 129 genera and 63 families were recorded from the highland sacred grove Amaran Kavu, and 198 species belonging to 176 genera and 75 families were recorded from the lowland grove Nagampoozhimana Kavu. Habit-wise analysis of the flora showed that trees are the dominant forms (37.58%) in the highland hilly grove, while herbs dominate (36.86%) in the coastal grove. The ethno-floristic survey revealed a total of 102 species of medicinal plants belonging to 90 genera and 50 families. The significance of the plant species was quantified by using family use value, use value index, and informant consensus factor. The highest family use value index (FUV) was reported in the families Piperaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Combretaceae, etc. and the maximum Use Value (1) was reported in Curcuma longa L. and Ocimum basilicum L., which are the high use valued species among the community and Use Value Index (UVI) ranges from 0.05-1. The Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) value ranged from 0.93 to 0 and the greatest value (0.93) was obtained for postnatal care, earache (0.92), migraine, and headache (0.9). The present study reveals that the indigenous people living around the sacred groves depend on the plant species for their health care. However, proper management is required for the conservation of sacred groves through sustainable utilization of medicinal plants occurring in the groves.
Modeling hydrogen diffusion in precipitation hardened nickel-based alloy 718 by microstructural modeling
Authors: Arcari Attilio , Zikry Mohammed A. , Callahan Patrick G. , Horton Derek J. , Chen Muh-Jang
Published: June 2024

Environmentally assisted cracking can significantly affect the performance of high strength alloys and limit material selection to minimize the risk of subcritical crack growth in service. UNS N07718 is widely used in marine service applications and under a variety of conditions, such as: alternate immersion, different levels of cathodic protection, and freely corroding galvanic couples, because of its demonstrated corrosion and fracture resistance in these environments. In this work we developed a representative model of the material microstructure including the metal grains, the material texture, and the precipitates along the grain boundaries and within the grains. The microstructural model was subjected to the boundary conditions identified at the notch root of a fracture mechanics sample and the results are used as input for a simulation of hydrogen diffusion from the surface of the notch, assuming the material has been introduced to a hydrogen producing environment. The diffusion of hydrogen was modeled by Fick’s law and included both hydrostatic stress and mobile dislocation velocity as driving forces. The influence of immobile dislocations was also modeled to account for the irreversible trapping. The results show that hydrostatic stress and immobile dislocation trapping can significantly alter the highest concentration of hydrogen and its location within the microstructure towards the fracture process zone. Mobile dislocation velocity has a small influence in determining the hydrogen distribution near the fracture process zone.
Whitehead and Victorian Philosophy of Science: A Historical Investigation of the Concept of Hypothesis
Authors: Arimura Naoki
Published: June 2024

In the Harvard lectures of 1924–1925, Alfred North Whitehead proposed that our various intellectual activities amounted to an attempt to understand the world and our experiences through hypothesizing. He explained the importance of hypothesis in scientific research and extended the idea of hypothesis to the philosophical method called “speculative philosophy.” For Whitehead, philosophy was the attempt to formulate general hypotheses that can transcend disciplines. This paper is intended to explore the possible influence of Victorian philosophers on Whitehead. Victorian philosophers such as John Herschel, William Whewell, and John Stuart Mill discussed the role of hypothesis in scientific discovery. Was Whitehead aware of this tradition? Was he influenced by it? This article indicates that Whitehead at least indirectly inherited the Victorian idea of hypothesis, notably in the thought of Whewell, as mediated by Charles Darwin.
Interplay between male gonadal function and overall male health
Authors: Asero Vincenzo , Scornajenghi Carlo Maria , Iaconis Salvatore , Sicignano Enrico , Falcone Alfonso , Dinacci Fabrizio , Pagano Giovanni , Carino Dalila , Corvino Roberta , Tresh Anas
Published: June 2024

The process-of-male reproduction is intricate, and various medical conditions-have the potential to disrupt spermatogenesis. Moreover, infertility in males can serve as an indicator of-potential future health issue. Numerous conditions with systemic implications have been identified, encompassing genetic factors (such as Klinefelter Syndrome), obesity, psychological stress, environmental factors, and others. Consequently, infertility assessment-presents an opportunity for comprehensive health counseling, extending-beyond discussions about reproductive goals. Furthermore, male infertility has been suggested as a harbinger of future health problems, as poor semen quality and a diagnosis of-male infertility are associated with an increased risk of hypogonadism, cardiometabolic disorders, cancer, and even mortality. This review explores the existing-literature on the relationship between systemic illnesses and male fertility, impacting both clinical-outcomes and semen parameters. The majority of the literature analyzed, which compared gonadal function with genetic, chronic, infectious or tumoral diseases, confirm the association between overall male health and infertility.
The relationship between bisphenol A and phthalates with precocious puberty in Vietnamese children
Authors: Vu Huynh Quynh Thi , Ban Ho Tran , Vuong Nguyen Lam , Khanh Nguyen Phuong
Published: June 2024

Objectives

This study is aimed to explore the correlation between bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates, including diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) and dibutylphthalate (DBP), and precocious puberty (PP).

Methods

A case-control study was conducted in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, from November 2021 to April 2022, involving 250 children, with 124 of them diagnosed with PP and 126 serving as controls. We assessed the levels of urinary BPA, DEHP, and DBP in all participants and examined their association with the risk of PP.

Results

BPA was detected in 11.3 % of PP cases but was not found in any individuals in the control group (p<0.001). Diethylhexylphthalate metabolite (MEHP) was not detected in any of the samples. Positive urinary results for dibutylphthalate metabolite (MBP) were observed in 8.1 % of PP cases and 2.4 % in the control group, with an odds ratio of 3.6 (95 % confidence interval: 0.97–13.4, p=0.03).

Conclusions

The PP group exhibited a higher prevalence of positive urinary BPA and DBP levels compared to the control group.
Investigating pausing and gesturing patterns in children with and without developmental language disorder
Authors: Bellifemine Corrado , Kosmala Loulou
Published: June 2024

This study aims at observing the co-occurrence of filled (FP) and unfilled pauses (UP) and gestures in the narratives of children with and without Developmental Language Disorder (DLD). Although children with DLD are known to be more “disfluent” than typically developing children (TD), little is known about the role of pauses in children’s speech and their interaction with gestures. 22 French-speaking children with DLD and 22 age- and gender-matched controls, between 7 and 10, recounted a cartoon excerpt. We annotated pauses and their position in utterances, and we coded gestures according to their function. Despite a similar pausing rate across groups, results show that TD children produced more utterance-beginning FPs and more mid-utterance UPs, while children with DLD produced more standalone FPs and mid-utterance UPs. Furthermore, multimodal patterns of co-occurrence, specific to pause type, emerged. While both groups had similar gesture rates and produced mostly referential gestures, TD children produced slightly more beat gestures during FPs and more self-adaptors and pragmatic gestures during UPs. Children with DLD produced more referential gestures and object-adaptors during UPs. These differences point to the temporal relationship between gestures and pauses and the multiple ways these two phenomena may interact according to the child’s profile.
Novel analytic solutions of strain wave model in micro-structured solids
Authors: Rabie Wafaa B. , Ahmed Hamdy M. , Hussein Hisham H.
Published: June 2024

In this article, the modified extended direct algebraic method is implemented to investigate the strain wave model that governs the wave propagation in micro-structured solids. The proposed method provides many new exact traveling wave solutions with certain free parameters. Exact solutions are extremely important in interpreting the inner structures of the natural phenomena. Solitary and other wave solutions are provided for this model, such as bright solitary solutions, dark solitary solutions, singular solitary solutions, singular-dark combo solitary solutions. Also, periodic solutions and Jacobi elliptic function solutions are presented. To show the physical characteristics of the raised solutions, the graphical illustration of some solutions is presented.
Mixing performance in an asymmetrical non-twin kneading element channel
Authors: Liang Ruifeng , Yu Huiwen , Xiao Shuping , Huang Jiarong , Xu Baiping
Published: June 2024

The kneading elements play a crucial role in the distributive and dispersive mixing in the conventional co-rotating twin screw extruders. A novel kind of asymmetrical dual-speed co-rotating non-twin kneading elements (NTKE) with a zero staggered angle was designed to introduce symmetry break to improve mixing. Finite element method was applied to solve the time-dependent flow field where mesh superposition technique was used to impose the boundary conditions of moving parts and further to avoid the remeshing at every time steps. The flow and mixing of several fluids obeying the Carreau constitutive model with the different power law exponents were investigated numerically and compared with the conventional co-rotating twin kneading elements (TKE). Distributive mixing was evaluated through evolution of tracer droplets and decaying of variance index with time. Moreover, the dispersive mixing was examined in terms of the statistical distributions of mixing index. An integral function with regard to the mixing index was proposed to evaluate the proportion of tracer particles subjected to the elongation.
Stochastic simulation of exciton transport in semiconductor heterostructures
Authors: Sabelfeld Karl , Aksyuk Ivan
Published: June 2024

Stochastic simulation algorithm for solving exciton transport in a 3D layered semiconductor heterostructure is developed. The problem is governed by a transient drift-diffusion-recombination equation with Dirichlet and Neumann mixed boundary conditions. The semiconductor is represented as an infinite multilayer of finite thickness along the transverse coordinate z. The multilayer is composed by a set of sublayers of different materials so that the excitons have different diffusion and recombination coefficients in each layer. Continuity of solutions and fluxes at the plane interfaces between layers are imposed. The stochastic simulation algorithm solves the transport problem by tracking exciton trajectories in accordance with the probability distributions represented through the Green function of the problem in each sublayer. The method is meshless, the excitons jump only over the plane boundaries of the layers. This explains the high efficiency of the method. Simulation results for transport problems with different mixed boundary conditions are presented.
Treatment Objectives, Memory, and Desire
Authors: Kernberg Otto F.
Published: June 2024

This article explores the problems of the frequent loss, in the course of treatment, of the initial goals and motivation for treatment by both patient and therapist, and the connected lack of clarity of the real initial motivation for treatment on the part of both participants. It is strongly proposed that a true coincidence of at least one important initial motivational goal of patient and therapist is essential to assure the success of psychotherapy and that particular care is required to establish such agreement. On this basis, the goals of therapy may be expanded in the course of the therapist's experience, countertransference, and the patient's changing reality during treatment, and the existential and philosophical value systems of the therapist may play an important role in such widening of the therapist's expectations for the patient.
Treating Narcissistic Disorders in General Psychiatry: Practical Application of Transference-Focused Psychotherapy Principles
Authors: Hersh Richard G.
Published: June 2024

Patients with primary or co-occurring narcissistic disorders are seen routinely in general psychiatry settings. Contemporary trends in training and practice have impacted psychiatrists’ skills and confidence in identifying and treating these disorders, which can range from relatively benign to high-acuity presentations. The goal of this article is to introduce key principles derived from transference-focused psychotherapy (TFP) for use by clinicians in general practice in their work with patients with narcissistic disorders, even when those clinicians do not routinely provide individual psychotherapy. Practical application of TFP principles in work with patients with narcissistic disorders in general psychiatry are proposed, including in diagnostic evaluation, family engagement, prescribing, and safety assessment and risk management calculus. Many psychiatrists whose practices are focused primarily on psychopharmacology, or a “medical model,” may not appreciate fully the impact of pathological narcissism in their work. Clinicians who may benefit from familiarity with TFP principles in work with patients with narcissistic disorders include the approximately one-half of U.S. psychiatrists who do not offer psychotherapy in their practice.
Ethical Dilemmas and Countertransference in Legally Mandated Reporting of Fatal Child Neglect
Authors: Shapiro Michael A. , John Sheena A. , Muzwagi Ashraf B. , Silverman Andrew L. , Soda Takahiro
Published: June 2024

In the fall of 2019, a much-publicized court case brought to national attention the issues of patient-doctor confidentiality when it comes to reporting the deaths of newborns in the United States. It is unclear whether the recent overturning of Roe v. Wade will lead to more cases like this. This article discusses issues of countertransference, as well as the ethical and legal implications were it to be a psychiatrist, in active treatment of such a patient, who would be required to make such a report. More specifically, as in the publicized court case, the patient could be a minor at the time, receiving treatment from a child psychiatrist. The implications of such a case include how countertransference affects the perception of fatal child neglect compared to intentional neonaticide; the ethical dilemma of generating a mandated report with the goal of child safety when such a report could lead to real legal consequences for a minor child; and considerations regarding continued treatment of a patient after such a report is made. It is likely that countertransference, shaped by attitudes toward mothers and idealized views on mothering, may play a large role in all these circumstances.
Selected for Solitude: A Case Report of Loneliness
Authors: Tillinghast Elizabeth
Published: June 2024

The U.S. Surgeon General, Vivek Murthy, recently declared loneliness a public health epidemic. For therapists, that is not likely to be a surprise: Loneliness is so common in people who seek therapy that it might be seen as the bread and butter of our work. Despite that, there has not been much serious examination of intrapsychic factors that may contribute to this painful condition. Public discourse has focused instead on cultural and societal causes of loneliness, and on practical steps that might be taken to decrease it. But practical advice is not always sufficient for people with longstanding loneliness. Longstanding loneliness may be fueled by intrapsychic dynamics and become embedded in character. In some cases, patients may relish companionship yet steadfastly avoid it in an attempt to master early childhood experiences of being emotionally neglected and deprived of love. They were starved of love as children and now choose to starve themselves in an unconscious attempt to master early deprivation by identifying with the aggressor. For patients like this, chronic loneliness may signal a certain kind of attachment disorder, for it is the visible sign of early attachment to a distant or rejecting parental figure. Loneliness of that kind can be a stubborn problem and one that poses a considerable therapeutic challenge.
Ego Function Assessment and Internet Addiction
Authors: Gottdiener William H. , Cabanas Brittany , Love Kim
Published: June 2024

This study examined the relationship between trauma, ego functioning, and internet addiction. We recruited 323 participants via Amazon Mechanical Turk, a crowdsourcing platform that can be used for survey research. We gave participants the Internet Addiction Test, the Life Events Checklist, the Ego Function Assessment questionnaire, and a demographic questionnaire. Our results indicate that 41.5% reported no internet addiction, with the majority of our sample reporting behaviors that were consistent with internet addiction: mild internet addiction = 37.8%, moderate internet addiction = 19.8%, and severe internet addiction = 0.9%. The constrictive factor of ego functioning was significantly worse in those with internet addiction. Path analysis showed that the constrictive factor of ego functioning partially mediated the relationship between a self-reported history of trauma and the presence of self-reported internet addiction.
Molecular Characterization of Nodose Ganglia Development Reveals a Novel Population of Phox2b+ Glial Progenitors in Mice
Authors: Lowenstein Elijah D. , Misios Aristotelis , Buchert Sven , Ruffault Pierre-Louis
Published: June 2024

The vagal ganglia, comprised of the superior (jugular) and inferior (nodose) ganglia of the vagus nerve, receive somatosensory information from the head and neck or viscerosensory information from the inner organs, respectively. Developmentally, the cranial neural crest gives rise to all vagal glial cells and to neurons of the jugular ganglia, while the epibranchial placode gives rise to neurons of the nodose ganglia. Crest-derived nodose glial progenitors can additionally generate autonomic neurons in the peripheral nervous system, but how these progenitors generate neurons is unknown. Here, we found that some Sox10+ neural crest-derived cells in, and surrounding, the nodose ganglion transiently expressed Phox2b, a master regulator of autonomic nervous system development, during early embryonic life. Our genetic lineage-tracing analysis in mice of either sex revealed that despite their common developmental origin and extreme spatial proximity, a substantial proportion of glial cells in the nodose, but not in the neighboring jugular ganglia, have a history of Phox2b expression. We used single-cell RNA–sequencing to demonstrate that these progenitors give rise to all major glial subtypes in the nodose ganglia, including Schwann cells, satellite glia, and glial precursors, and mapped their spatial distribution by in situ hybridization. Lastly, integration analysis revealed transcriptomic similarities between nodose and dorsal root ganglia glial subtypes and revealed immature nodose glial subtypes. Our work demonstrates that these crest-derived nodose glial progenitors transiently express Phox2b, give rise to the entire complement of nodose glial cells, and display a transcriptional program that may underlie their bipotent nature.
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor- antibody encephalitis impairs maintenance of attention to items in working memory
Authors: Dor Afrose , Harrison Corin , Irani Sarosh R , Al-Diwani Adam , Grogan John , Manohar Sanjay
Published: June 2024

NMDA receptors (NMDAR) may be crucial to working memory (WM). Computational models predict that they sustain neural firing and produce associative memory, which may underpin maintaining and binding information respectively. We test this in patients with antibodies to NMDAR (n=10, female) and compare them with healthy control participants (n=55, 20 male, 35 female). Patients were tested after recovery with a task that separates two aspects of WM: sustaining attention and feature binding. Participants had to remember two colored arrows. Then attention was directed to one of them. After a variable delay, they reported the direction of either the same arrow (congruent cue), or of the other arrow (incongruent cue). We asked how congruency affected recall precision and measured types of error. Patients had difficulty in both sustaining attention to an item over time and feature binding. Controls were less precise after longer delays and incongruent cues. In contrast, patients did not benefit from congruent cues at longer delays (Group x Congruency [long condition], p=0.041), indicating they could not sustain attention. Additionally, patients reported the wrong item (misbinding errors) more than controls after congruent cues (Group x Delay [congruent condition], main effect of group, p=<0.001). Our results suggest NMDARs are critical for both maintaining attention and feature binding.

Significance Statement
Computational theories suggest NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are critical for actively maintaining information, while other theories propose they allow us to associate or "bind" objects features together. This is the first causal test in humans of the role of NMDARs in actively maintaining attention in working memory and feature binding. We find patients have difficulty with both these processes in support of computational models. Notably, we demonstrate that patients with NMDA receptor-antibody encephalitis are an ideal model condition to study roles of receptors in human cognition. Secondly, few studies follow these patients long after treatment. Our findings demonstrate a specific long-term neuropsychological deficit, previously unreported to our knowledge, that highlights the need for greater focus on neurocognitive rehabilitation with these patients.
Dissociated Representation of Binaural Cues in Single-Sided Deafness: Implications for Cochlear Implantation
Authors: Hubka Peter , Schmidt Leonard , Tillein Jochen , Baumhoff Peter , Konerding Wiebke , Land Rüdiger , Sato Mika , Kral Andrej
Published: June 2024

Congenital single-sided deafness (SSD) leads to an aural preference syndrome that is characterized by overrepresentation of the hearing ear in the auditory system. Cochlear implantation (CI) of the deaf ear is an effective treatment for SSD. However, the newly introduced auditory input in congenital SSD often does not reach expectations in late-implanted CI recipients with respect to binaural hearing and speech perception. In a previous study, a reduction of the interaural time difference (ITD) sensitivity has been shown in unilaterally congenitally deaf cats (uCDCs). In the present study, we focused on the interaural level difference (ILD) processing in the primary auditory cortex. The uCDC group was compared with hearing cats (HCs) and bilaterally congenitally deaf cats (CDCs). The ILD representation was reorganized, replacing the preference for the contralateral ear with a preference for the hearing ear, regardless of the cortical hemisphere. In accordance with the previous study, uCDCs were less sensitive to interaural time differences than HCs, resulting in unmodulated ITD responses, thus lacking directional information. Such incongruent ITDs and ILDs cannot be integrated for binaural sound source localization. In normal hearing, the predominant effect of each ear is excitation of the auditory cortex in the contralateral cortical hemisphere and inhibition in the ipsilateral hemisphere. In SSD, however, auditory pathways reorganized such that the hearing ear produced greater excitation in both cortical hemispheres and the deaf ear produced weaker excitation and preserved inhibition in both cortical hemispheres.
Norepinephrine Drives Sleep Fragmentation Activation of Asparagine Endopeptidase, Locus Ceruleus Degeneration, and Hippocampal Amyloid-β42Accumulation
Authors: Zhang Kathy , Zhu Yan , Fenik Polina , Fleysh Dennis , Ly Colin , Thomas Steven A. , Veasey Sigrid
Published: June 2024

Chronic sleep disruption (CSD), from insufficient or fragmented sleep and is an important risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Underlying mechanisms are not understood. CSD in mice results in degeneration of locus ceruleus neurons (LCn) and CA1 hippocampal neurons and increases hippocampal amyloid-β42(Aβ42), entorhinal cortex (EC) tau phosphorylation (p-tau), and glial reactivity. LCn injury is increasingly implicated in AD pathogenesis. CSD increases NE turnover in LCn, and LCn norepinephrine (NE) metabolism activates asparagine endopeptidase (AEP), an enzyme known to cleave amyloid precursor protein (APP) and tau into neurotoxic fragments. We hypothesized that CSD would activate LCn AEP in an NE-dependent manner to induce LCn and hippocampal injury. Here, we studied LCn, hippocampal, and EC responses to CSD in mice deficient in NE [dopamine β-hydroxylase (Dbh)−/−] and control male and female mice, using a model of chronic fragmentation of sleep (CFS). Sleep was equally fragmented inDbh−/−and control male and female mice, yet onlyDbh−/−mice conferred resistance to CFS loss of LCn, LCn p-tau, and LCn AEP upregulation and activation as evidenced by an increase in AEP-cleaved APP and tau fragments. Absence of NE also prevented a CFS increase in hippocampal AEP-APP and Aβ42but did not prevent CFS-increased AEP-tau and p-tau in the EC. Collectively, this work demonstrates AEP activation by CFS, establishes key roles for NE in both CFS degeneration of LCn neurons and CFS promotion of forebrain Aβ accumulation, and, thereby, identifies a key molecular link between CSD and specific AD neural injuries.
Personalization of Professional Development of Teachers in Formal and Informal Professional Development
Authors:   Information and Methodological Center, Panchugina Alexandra D. , Korotun Anna V. ,   Ural State Pedagogical University, Kruglikova Galina А. ,   Ural State Pedagogical University
Published: June 2024

Introduction. The article considers the problem of improving the professional development of teaching staff in terms of their involvement in continuing education, including through inclusion in formal and informal professional development. On the basis of the revealed contradictions, the problem of research is determined: how to personalize the professional development of teachers (including young teachers) in formal and informal professional development. The purpose of the study is to empirically test the effectiveness of the personalized professional development program for teachers in formal and informal professional development. Methodology. The experimental search work was carried out on the basis of the Information and Methodological Center in Verkhnyaya Salda, Sverdlovsk region in the period 2021–2023. The target audience of the study is young teaching staff. Results. Approbation of the 2022/23 academic year program (compared with the 2021/22 academic year program), personalized education for young teachers of general education organizations was successful, there is an increase in the competence of young teachers in the field of professional activity in comparison with the results of primary diagnostics. Conclusion. The authors note that the process of personalizing the professional development of teachers in formal and informal professional development is effective with the developed program in the aspect of continuous professional personalized education of teachers of general education institutions based on the integration of a system-activity, personally-oriented and environmental approach.
ATP-binding cassette family C member 1 constrains metabolic responses to high-fat diet in male mice
Authors: Villalobos Elisa , Miguelez-Crespo Allende , Morgan Ruth A , Ivatt Lisa , Paul Mhairi , Simpson Joanna P , Homer Natalie Z M , Kurian Dominic , Aguilar Judit , Kline Rachel A , Wishart Thomas M , Morton Nicholas M , Stimson Roland H , Andrew Ruth , Walker Brian R , Nixon Mark
Published: June 2024

Glucocorticoids modulate glucose homeostasis, acting on metabolically active tissues such as liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue. Intracellular regulation of glucocorticoid action in adipose tissue impacts metabolic responses to obesity. ATP-binding cassette family C member 1 (ABCC1) is a transmembrane glucocorticoid transporter known to limit the accumulation of exogenously administered corticosterone in adipose tissue. However, the role of ABCC1 in the regulation of endogenous glucocorticoid action and its impact on fuel metabolism has not been studied. Here, we investigate the impact of Abcc1 deficiency on glucocorticoid action and high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity. In lean male mice, deficiency of Abcc1 increased endogenous corticosterone levels in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue but did not impact insulin sensitivity. In contrast, Abcc1-deficient male mice on HFD displayed impaired glucose and insulin tolerance, and fasting hyperinsulinaemia, without alterations in tissue corticosterone levels. Proteomics and bulk RNA sequencing revealed that Abcc1 deficiency amplified the transcriptional response to an obesogenic diet in adipose tissue but not in skeletal muscle. Moreover, Abcc1 deficiency impairs key signalling pathways related to glucose metabolism in both skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, in particular those related to OXPHOS machinery and Glut4. Together, our results highlight a role for ABCC1 in regulating glucose homeostasis, demonstrating diet-dependent effects that are not associated with altered tissue glucocorticoid concentrations.
La derecha al poder en Europa y la izquierda en América Latina ¿qué tienen en común?
Authors: Cortés Zambrano Sonia Patricia
Published: June 2024

Europa asiste hoy al crecimiento constante y fortalecido del poder del ala derecha y ultraderecha de la política, con participación en gobiernos de coalición y, en algunos casos, ocupando puestos de gobierno. De la misma forma, América Latina afronta un fortalecimiento y establecimiento de la izquierda. Este fenómeno, en una y otra región, se debe a que muchos votantes están desilusionados con los partidos tradicionales. Sin duda, estamos experimentando una transformación crítica global, una crisis generada por la pandemia de Covid-19, por la guerra en Ucrania, por el costo de la vida y la migración; en tiempos de crisis, los partidos de corte populista en Europa y los países de América Latina presentan soluciones bastante simples y precarias a problemas de gran complejidad, en un discurso populista que ha conquistado las masas.
El INBio: su labor innovadora en el conocimiento y el uso sostenible de la biodiversidad en Costa Rica
Authors: Gámez Rodrigo , Obando Vilma , Zamora Natalia
Published: June 2024

The National Institute of Biodiversity of Costa Rica (INBio), the first institution of its kind worldwide, was created in 1989 as a civil society organization, with the mission of promoting greater awareness of the value of biodiversity, to achieve its conservation and promote human development. It operated within the framework of a national biodiversity conservation strategy consisting of three types of actions: “save, know and use”, forming a public-private alliance with the National System of Conservation Areas, whose work represented the first step of “saving”. INBio focused on the generation of scientific knowledge of Costa Rican biodiversity (knowing) and the search and promotion of its intelligent use (using). This article describes the genesis of the institution and its main contributions to the knowledge and use of Costa Rican biodiversity between 1989-2015. These include the results of the protected areas biodiversity inventory process and the development of the largest systematic collection of biological specimens in the country's history, fully systematized; the development of an information management system that integrated all the information from the inventory and the specimens in its collection in digital format, allowing global access to this information or its correlation with that of other sources. The results of promoting and facilitating the use of information through five programs: Natural Sciences and Conservation Biology, for scientific purposes; Bioliteracy and Education, conceptually designed for the teaching and development of awareness about the value of biodiversity; Bioprospecting, the systematic search for economic uses of biodiversity for medicinal, agricultural and industrial purposes; Conservation for Development, the use of the information for wild areas conservation purposes, surrounding communities or nature tourism, among others; Technical Assistance and Training, program in charge of assisting public and private entities, inside and outside the country, in the development of initiatives in which Biodiversity was the central element. The main results of its work and the national and international awards that INBio received for its innovative approaches and contributions are described, as well as the financial and political reasons why INBio discontinued its activities in the period 2015-2016 are summarized. Viewing the work of INBio as a first stage, the importance and need to continue with a state program on the knowledge and use of Costa Rican biodiversity is raised, in addition to its protection, with the goal of creating awareness of its value before the serious threats to life on Earth.
Law instead of Christian morality: Leon Petrazhycki’s paradox of love ethics
Authors: Timoshina Elena
Published: June 2024

The article deals with the ideas of the Russian-Polish jurist, philosopher of law L. Petrazhycki (1867–1931) about the social significance of morality and law as the means to achieve a “supralegal” and “supramoral” ideal of love. His reasoning demonstrates a deep theoretical analysis of law in its correlation with Christian morality. Petrazhycki draws a distinction between law and morality based on the nature of duties: in law duties are dependent on external authority or another’s claim, while in morality they are not. The author analyses this distinction and argues that is consistent with the Christian view on human freedom. Based on the analysis of Petrazhycki’s concept of intuitive law, it is concluded that law and morality share the same psychological mechanism of self-obligation, which makes is possible to postulate the inner morality of law. The idea of an inner morality of law is further developed by Petrazhycki in his concept of intuitive law which is seen as the imperative of conscience, as initial intuition of justice. The concept of intuitive law embodies an integrated moral and legal experience of a person and is used to describe a situation in which the right ethical choice is made — such a choice corresponds to both moral imperatives and the requirements of justice. The paradox of Petrazhycki’s ethics of love consists in the fact that as the most effective tool for its achievement, the scientist chooses positive law, which has mechanisms of motivational pressure and physical coercion that are absent in morality and intuitive law, while the preaching of the Gospel message, associated with the freedom of its acceptance, turns out to be unsuitable for achieving the ideal of universal love. However, the transformation of freely executed imperatives of Christian morality into legal duties causes an effect opposite to the goal pursued, as it deprives a person from both morality and freedom as its necessary condition. The author draws a parallel between the ideal constructed by Petrazhycki and the “reign of peace and happiness” without freedom that was described by Dostoevsky in “The Grand Inquisitor”.
Equitable and Inclusive Care in Pediatrics: A Compendium of AAP Clinical Practice Guidelines and Policies
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: June 2024

This compendium of clinical practice guidelines and policy statements from the American Academy of Pediatrics helps equip clinicians to provide equitable and inclusive care to vulnerable and underserved pediatric populations. It offers guidance on the care of such populations as immigrant children and their families; children and families who are black, indigenous or people of color; LGBTQ+ youth and their families; and more. Additionally, the compendium covers topics such as substance use disorders, trauma informed care, and care of youth involved in the legal system. Pediatricians, family medicine physicians, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners who care for children will find this collection useful. Available for purchase at https://www.aap.org/Equitable-and-Inclusive-Care-in-Pediatrics-Paperback
Возвратность в зоне интерференции (на материале двуязычных польско-украинских текстов середины XIX в.)
Authors: ОСТАПЧУК Оксана
Published: June 2024

В статье анализируется образование и функционирование соотносимых возвратных и невозврат-ных форм глаголов в параллельных польско-украинских текстах середины XIX в., созданных писа-телями так называемой украинской школы Т. Падуррой (1801–1871) и С. Осташевским (1797–1875). Проведено сопоставление обнаруженных примеров нарушения оппозиции в сфере возвратности с лексикографическими материалами и данными корпуса украинского и польского языков, подтвер-дившие узуальный, а не индивидуально-авторский характер инноваций в данной контактной зоне. Двуязычие авторов анализируемых текстов объясняет тот факт, что среди специфических особен-ностей в сфере возвратности значительное место занимают польско-украинские интерферемы и явления аналогичного характера, фиксируемые также в региональном узусе. Исходя из проанализи-рованных примеров, возвратность в целом можно охарактеризовать как одну из зон межъязыковой «напряженности» в глагольной сфере.

Контактные формы отмечены в анализируемых текстах как в сфере словоизменения, так и на уровне морфосинтаксиса. Наиболее ярко межъязыковое взаимодействие проявляется в нарушении оппозиции возвратных и невозвратных глаголов. Наш материал подтвердил тенденцию к более ред-кому опущению возвратного элемента в обоих языках. В свою очередь, поддерживающее влияние может способствовать появлению усиленных за счет возвратной частицы форм как переходных, так и непереходных глаголов. При этом направление влияния может быть установлено не во всех случаях: наряду с очевидными примерами, демонстрирующими следование одному из образцов: польскому или украинскому, широко распространено взаимонаправленное воздействие.

В тех случаях, когда оба языка демонстрируют вариативность, украинские рефлексивы, как пра-вило, носят региональный (западный) характер, реже – маркированы в обоих языках. Усиление вариативности глагольных форм, характерное для украинского регионального узуса, объясняется географическим положением и социолингвистическими характеристиками данного региона. В це-лом ряде случаев появление новых вариантных (дополнительно маркированных) форм является результатом действия лексической аналогии и словообразовательной синонимии, как, например, при производстве префиксально-постфиксальных дериватов с кумулятивным значением от пере-ходных невозвратных глаголов. Эта тенденция распространяется также на непереходные глаголы (например, глаголы движения и состояния), где рефлексивы оказываются маркированными чле-нами оппозиции в обоих языках. Семантические трансформации, связанные с образованием реф-лексивов от глаголов такого рода, могут также оказывать воздействие на сферу морфосинтаксиса, приводя к увеличению частотности имперсональных субъектных конструкций и расширению чис-ла глаголов, задействованных в их образовании.
PTFE-g-GMA graft copolymer synthesis promoted by oxidative gamma-rays method and characterization
Authors: Ibarra-Cervantes Tamara B. S. , Flores-Rojas Guadalupe G. , Mendizabal Eduardo , Bucio Emilio
Published: June 2024

The functionalization of polymeric matrices through graft polymerization offers various advantages by providing new properties, allowing for additional chemical reactions that the matrix alone could not undergo or that would require drastic chemical conditions to occur. In this work, epoxy groups were incorporated through a graft polymer of poly(glycidyl methacrylate), using a prefunctionalization with peroxide groups in the polytetrafluoroethylene matrix through gamma radiation. These peroxide groups were subsequently used as radical chemical initiators in the graft polymerization reaction of glycidyl methacrylate. The graft polymerization reaction was studied based on the absorbed dose, monomer concentration, reaction time, and temperature.

Graphical abstract