bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Inhibición por Prepulso como predictor del incremento a largo plazo de sintomatología depresiva inducida por un estrés repetido: diferencias de sexo
Authors:   Universitat de València, Valencia, Pujante-Gil Sergio , Monzonís-López Elena ,   Universitat de València, Valencia, Reguilón Marina Daiana ,   Universitat de València, Valencia, Manzanedo Carmen ,   Universitat de València, Valencia, Carmen Arenas María ,   Universitat de València, Valencia
Published: November 2020

La Inhibición Pre-Pulso (IPP) es una medida operativa de la activación sensorio-motora que puede indicar alteraciones en el sistema dopaminérgico mesolímbico. Estudios previos han demostrado que el nivel basal de IPP puede predecir la vulnerabilidad a los efectos de sustancias de abuso como la cocaína. Existe una relación robusta entre el consumo de sustancias y los trastornos del estado de ánimo, y un estrés repetido puede incrementar tanto el consumo de drogas como desencadenar episodios depresivos. Así, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar si la IPP puede predecir los sujetos más vulnerables a los efectos a largo plazo que un estrés repetido provoca sobre el desarrollo de sintomatología depresiva. Ratones OF1 adultos (37 machos, 38 hembras) fueron clasificados en altos y bajos según su nivel de IPP. Posteriormente, fueron evaluados en el test tail suspension, prueba para determinar sintomatología depresiva, antes y 3 semanas después de aplicar un protocolo de estrés, consistente en cuatro sesiones de inmovilización (restraint) durante 30 ó 60 minutos. Los resultados mostraron una mayor puntuación en sintomatología depresiva en las hembras que en los machos (p<0.009). El efecto del estrés solo se observó tras 60min de restraint (p<0.0001), incrementando el tiempo de inmovilidad (tail suspension) en las hembras con un alta IPP (p<0.016) y sobre todo con una baja IPP (p<0.004), pero sólo en los machos con un alta IPP (p<0.0001). Por tanto, un estresor repetido provocó a largo plazo mayor sintomatología depresiva en las hembras, sobre todo en aquellas con una baja IPP; sin embargo, este incremento solo ocurrió en los machos con una alta IPP. Así, el nivel de la IPP parece indicarnos, de manera diferente en cada sexo, qué sujetos son más vulnerables a los efectos a largo plazo que un estrés repetido provoca en un test que evalúa sintomatología depresiva.
EXITUS EN MUJERES CON TRASTORNO ADICTIVO
Authors:   Unidad Conductas Adictivas, Ciudad Rael, Bixquert Pla Lorena , Montoya Crous Isabel ,   Unidad Conductas Adictivas, Ciudad Rael, Sánchez Fernández Mª del Mar ,   Unidad Conductas Adictivas, Ciudad Rael, Morales Saenz Isabel ,   Unidad Conductas Adictivas, Ciudad Rael, Quero Palomino Verónica ,   Unidad Conductas Adictivas, Ciudad Rael
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCCIÓN Numerosos estudios relacionan trastorno por consumo de sustancias y muerte prematura. Resultados similares se observan en población con trastorno mental, con una importante reducción del promedio de años de vida. Asimismo la presencia de un trastorno mental asociado a un trastorno por consumo de sustancias incide negativamente en la evolución de ambos trastornos. OBJETIVO Analizar si la presencia de patología dual influye en variables relacionadas con el fallecimiento, encontrándose diferencias entre pacientes fallecidos con y sin diagnóstico de patología dual. MÉTODO Revisión de las 162 historias clínicas de los pacientes de los que consta su fallecimiento en la UCA de Ciudad Real entre 1993 y 2018 analizando las variables presencia de patología dual, edad y causa de la muerte. RESULTADOS El 26,5 % presenta patología dual, con los diagnósticos comórbidos: Trastorno de personalidad 26,19%, Trastorno depresivo 16,66%, Trastorno psicótico 9,52% , Trastorno bipolar 4,7%, Trastorno de ansiedad 7,14% Otros 11,9 %. La edad media de fallecimiento en pacientes no duales es de 44 años y en pacientes duales de 46. Respecto a la causa de muerte, un 23,80 % de pacientes no duales fallecieron de causa no natural, siendo este porcentaje 34,14 % en los pacientes duales. CONCLUSIONES No se observa apenas diferencia en la edad de fallecimiento entre ambos grupos, siendo muy temprana la edad de muerte. Destaca la diferencia en el porcentaje de pacientes fallecidos por causa no natural (accidente, sobredosis accidental, suicidio) siendo un 11,14 % mayor en aquellos con patología dual en comparación con los que presentan un trastorno por consumo de sustancias exclusivamente. Concluimos que la presencia de trastorno por consumo de sustancias y patología mental comórbida se asocia con un mayor riesgo de muerte de forma traumática.
Grado de satisfacción del cambio de modalidad del grupo terapéutico de pacientes chem_sex en el CAD de Tetuán durante la pandemia
Authors:   CAD Tetuán, Instituto de Adicciones, Madrid, Spain, De Ema López Inés
Published: November 2020

Resumen: A finales del 2018 el CAD de Tetuán comenzó un programa específico de chem_sex con la creación de un grupo psicoterapéutico para trabajar las características propias de su proceso adictivo y facilitar la adherencia al tratamiento. En este periodo hemos atendido 61 pacientes han solicitado tratamiento por trastorno por consumo de estimulantes. Son de origen español un 50%, 40% América Latina y 10% del resto de Europa. Los grupos de edad mayoritarios son de 26/35 años, 36% y de 36/45 años, 39%. En un 47% consumen por via IV, la sustancia más consumida es la mefedrona 72% y el 55% hacen policonsumo. El 78% ha recibido tratamiento previo, en recurso de adicciones o de salud mental y el 86% tiene patología dual. El 73% tienen VIH, 28% VHC, 49% otras ITS. Debido a la pandemia en abril comenzamos la modalidad online. Desde el inicio el grupo tiene continuidad semanal y presencia 6 /10 participantes. El 80% participa en ambas modalidades por indicación de los profesionales para aumentar la conciencia de problema y conseguir abstinencia. El 20% que no ha participado de forma online es por la falta de seguridad en el sistema o de privacidad en casa. Aunque el 60% prefieren la modalidad presencial por el grado de implicación y la calidez; el grupo online da una serie de facilidades que ha hecho que el número de participantes aumente. Esas ventajas son la facilidad de acceder desde cualquier lugar y no perder tiempo en los desplazamientos (48%), participar cuando no puede acudir presencial (39%), y libertad para hablar de ciertos temas (13%). Por lo que el cambio de modalidad no es sólo un modelo válido, exclusivamente, en época de crisis. Bibliografía: EMIS_2017_España; 2020 PNS -Documento_abordaje_chem_sex (Raúl Soriano); 2016 Mefedrona y chemsex. Análisis descriptivo de una muestra de pacientes en Madrid; 2019 Programa de educación y salud sexual para usuarios de chemsex: una respuesta coordinada desde la ONG Apoyo Positivo y el Instituto de Adicciones de Madrid. 2019 Chem_sex origins of the word. David Stuart. 2019_Paper-slam-PlosOne
LINGUISTIC AXIOLOGICAL MODELING OF CONFLICT BETWEEN PROPONENTS AND OPPONENTS OF THE PEACE INITIATIVES BY PRESIDENT OF UKRAINE VOLODYMYR ZELENSKY
Authors: Chernenko H. A.
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the discursive projections of the discussion about President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelensky and his peace initiatives. The articles about these initiatives published in the internetnewspaper «Ukrainska Pravda» were analyzed. It was selected for investigating the preparing for the Paris Summit on 9th December 2020 and reactions to its results. This discourse attracts attention due to the huge number of negative evaluations given to the traditionally positive value PEACE and to the actions directed towards gaining of it.

The research has been carried out in the cognitive discoursive paradigm and critical discourse analysis. Those are approaches which let us open the meanings input by a speaker in the text sometimes unconsciously. It should be noted that investigation of hybrid wars highlights the great role of hided meanings in it. The original method of axiological dynamic modeling has been used to open these meanings. With its help, process and results of axiological categorization can be presented as an axiological propositional structure. Thus, the denoted situation «Peace initiatives by President of Ukraine Zelensky at the Paris Summit 2019» has been modeled with the propositional axiological frame.

This frame contains such structural components:

the subject of evaluation – Ukrainians, whose articles or comments were published in the internet-newspaper «Ukrainska Pravda»;

the predicate of evaluation – «I think that my opinion is reliable and socially acceptable enough to become public»;

the object of evaluation – President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelensky, his political power and party, his peace initiatives and the value Peace as such;

the predicate of evaluation: (1) positive and negative valences for the same objects, that give the reasons to say about axiological conflict; (2) criteria of evaluation – ACKNOWLEDGMENT, DEMOCRACY, JUSTICE, PATRIOTISM, POWER (SOCIAL STATUS), RESULT, SECURITY.

As far as criteria of evaluation correlate with the value concepts of a speaker, one can say that those are the value concepts which become the basis for categorization of this situation. As regards the reason of the conflict, its sources can be such: (1) participants of the conflict share similar values but put them on different places in their hierarchical value systems; (2) different opinions about denotative meanings of mentioned values, first of all about meanings of the concepts SECURITY and PEACE.
The spillover of the wave-bream in the inter-State financial market and its dynamic characteristics
Authors: He Dexu
Published: November 2020

in DCC - GARCH , DCC - egarch , DCC - tgarch Method , takes a medium , Beautiful , Day , Germany , UK etc countries 1993 year 1 Month to 2013 year month Financial data , empirically draws the following knot comment : Sample Domestic market rate and index volatility present spikes , fat tail , biased features ,more compliant t divide cloth . -like domestic market interest rate fluctuations show significant spillover effects , leverage effect and linkage effect . Sample Country shares the spillover effect of volatility on Chinese stock index volatility tends to increase , especially after the US financial crisis . Sample Country interest rate fluctuation has a certain spillover effect and leverage effect on Chinese stock index volatility , but the Impact is very low . governance Worldwide financial risks ,National authorities should strengthen policy coordination , Reasonable risk sharing .
Synchronous personal method of language studying speech behavior in implicit pragmalinguistics
Authors: Zyubina Irina A. , Filippova Marianna Iu. , Minakova Natalia A. , Krivoshlykova Liudmila V. , Anikejeva Irina G.
Published: November 2020

Any speech behavior reflects personal characteristics of the speakers. In speech, communicants actualize their individual, social, national, and cultural characteristics, which are in an inseparable unity and represent a specific linguistic behavior. However, the authors note that the features of the actualization of these characteristics and their combination change, which depends on the communication situation and on a particular speech genre. The main approach of the research is the synchronouspersonal approach. The authors examined and analyzed examples of the speech behavior of a particular prosecutor. They studied his speeches in a jury, in a professional court, and a newspaper article written by him. All speeches have similar features: 1) the same parameters of the personal, social and objective planes of the implicit speech strategy “Participation / Nonparticipation of members of communication in a speech event”, 2) almost similar indicators of certain / uncertain statements of the implicit speech strategy “Sure/Unsure speech behavior of an author” in the speech to professionals in the court and in the newspaper text. All three speeches have more negative attitudes to the speech event. The study distinguished significant differences. The indexes of all the planes in the speech before the jury differ in comparison with the speech before the professionals and in the newspaper article. The authors revealed a strict connection between the sender’s speech behavior and various targets of the addressee. Speech behavior also depends on the recipients of these texts. It has been proved that human speech behavior is not a static system, and it can change, which depends on communicants’ interaction.
Formation of the foreign language training system in the context of its conceptuality
Authors: Valeev Agzam A. , Tararina Larisa I. , Khvatova Maria A. , Shalamova Olga O.
Published: November 2020

Currently, foreign language skills become relevant not only from the point of view of professional necessity but also to obtain the ability to successfully integrate into any multicultural environment in general and the international professional community in particular. In this regard, the article presents the following: A conceptual model of training a foreign language in the university education; The formulation of the main objectives of teaching a foreign language on the conceptual basis; Aspect disclosure of the conceptualization of training a foreign language; Feature description of information and communication support of training a foreign language in a university; emphasis on the opportunity of developing skills in the use of vocabulary in foreign language communication; justification for the use of the conceptual approach to the formation of foreign language activities.
CLINICAL AND LABORATORY EVALUATION OF THE USE OF GUM BALM "LESNOY BALSAM" IN THE TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY PERIODONTAL DISEASES
Authors: Kozmenko Anastasia , Griroriev Sergey , Chernyshova Nina , Ustyuzhanin Aleksandr , Makerova Natalia
Published: November 2020

Subject. Microorganisms are a fundamental factor in the development of inflammation. The choice of a medicinal composition in the form of a gel can provide a prolonged introduction of dosage forms into the focus of inflammation. For our research, the herbal medicine Gum balm "Forest Balm" was selected. The main components are aloe juice, bisabolol, panthenol and ginger extract, which have an anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effect; troxerutin, which helps reduce gum bleeding; fir extract, which blocks the growth of pathogenic oral microbiota.

Purpose ― to assess the effectiveness of the use of gum balm "Forest Balsam" in the treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases

Methodology. A survey of 30 volunteer patients aged 20 to 22 years was conducted. Dental examinations were performed at the following time intervals: before application, after the 1st application, after 3 days, after 5 days and 7 days of application. The prevalence of the inflammatory process was assessed using the papillary-marginal-alveolar index and the Muhlemann bleeding index (modified by Cowell). Qualitative and quantitative study of microbiological material was performed by measuring the buccal epithelial colonization index to determine the status of local immunity.

Results. Changes in the cytological picture in the direction of normocenosis are determined on the third day of applying the gum balm "Forest balm". On the 7th day of application, it eliminates all visible symptoms of gum disease (bleeding, inflammation, swelling).

Conclusions. Gum balm "Forest balm" improves the protective function of the oral cavity by activating cellular defense mechanisms, strengthens local immunity, activates its own immune defense of the oral cavity to fight opportunistic microorganisms, increases the colonization resistance of the oral mucosa to opportunistic microorganisms.
COMPARISON OF MATRIX METAL PROTEINASES ACTIVITY INDICATORS WHEN INSTALLING DENTAL IMPLANTS WITH STANDARD PROCEDURE AND
Authors: Melnikov Yuri , Zholudev Sergey , Bazarnyy Vladimir , Polushina Larisa
Published: November 2020

Subject. Recent clinical studies have shown that implant placement is highly predictable using 3D computer-generated implant guides, but there is no clinical comparison between the body's response to trauma during a dental implant surgery. After bone surgery (implant placement), intracellular chemical signals trigger a suitable cellular response to external changes in order to develop specific and adaptive responses in tissues to external stimuli.

The aim is to compare the severity of the release of matrix metalloproteinases in the oral cavity during dental implantation operations using implant templates and flapless techniques and using the standard technique. Collection and comparison of data on the possibility of using matrix metalloproteinases in saliva/oral fluid as a biomarker and predictor of the activity of healing and tissue remodeling during dental implantation.

Methodology. The oral fluid of 22 patients was studied for the quantitative content of matrix metalloproteinases 2, 3, 9, 8, 12 before and after 3, 14 and 30 days after the dental implantation operation. All study participants were divided into two groups: control and experimental. In the control operation, it was carried out according to the standard technique with folding the muco-periosteal flap, in the experimental one - using implant templates according to the flapless technique.

Results. The data obtained indicated a change in indicators in both groups. In the control group, there was a significant excess of indicators, which indicates a more pronounced reaction of the body.

Conclusions. The positive influence of the use of implant templates in order to minimize trauma during the dental implantation operation was established.
Clasificación de créditos utilizando máquinas de soporte vectorial sobre la base de datos de LendingClub
Authors: Guevara-Díaz Karen Estefanía
Published: November 2020

Se presenta la teoría de máquinas de soporte vectorial (Support Vector Machine – svm) aplicada a la clasificación de créditos otorgados por la banca fintech (financial technology) de Estados Unidos LendingClub. Se estudiará la clasifi­cación que da el método svm a los créditos contra la ya otorgada por la entidad. Se analizan las variables más importantes que maneja LendingClub para el otorgamiento de créditos comparándolas con la clasificación de pago o impago que arroja el experimento de SVM.
THE CULTURED ISLAM: THE BOUNDARY OF ISLAMIC IDENTITY BETWEEN THE MINANGKABAU AND MANDAILING ETHNICS
Authors: Kamal Muhiddinur , Rozi Syafwan
Published: November 2020

The relationship between Islam and culture was compatible and not antonym. Islam was a dynamic product and a long-term process of giving and receiving in the dynamics and social interaction of its people. The contradiction between the ideal demands of religion and the demands of tradition and the social reality of society was a crucial problem faced by any religion in the world, but adjustments to social reality always occurred. The Islamic community in the Minangkabau border area was a cultural community that had and continued to confirm genuinely and became accommodative openness in resolving the contradictions of adat and Islam which were in principle very apparent in their cultural systems. Through ethnographic research, this article revealed that conflicts and contradiction between the normative concepts of Islam and adat always occurred in societies inhabited by the Minangkabau and Mandailing ethnic groups, especially related to marriage, kinship, inheritance system and communal property ownership. But the process always ran elegantly and attractively through the dialectics and dynamics of the people. Thus, Islam was culturally acculturated with Minangkabau culture and Mandailing culture and formed a distinctive cultural Islamic identity in the border area. Relasi Islam dengan kebudayaan adalah sesuatu yang selaras dan bukan antonim. Islam adalah produk dinamis dan proses dalam jangka panjang, yang saling memberi dan menerima dalam dinamika dan interaksi sosial masyarakatnya. Kontradiksi antara tuntutan ideal agama dan tuntutan tradisi serta realitas sosial masyarakat merupakan persoalan krusial yang dihadapi agama apapun di dunia, namun penyesuaian realitas sosial selalu terjadi. Masyarakat Islam di daerah perbatasan Minangkabau adalah komunitas budaya yang telah dan terus melakukan konfirmitas secara genuine serta akomodatif terbuka dalam menyelesaikan kontradiksi adat dan Islam yang secara prinsip sangat kentara dalam sistem budaya mereka. Melalui penelitian etnografi, artikel ini mengungkap bahwa konflik dan pertentangan antara konsep normatif Islam dengan adat selalu terjadi dalam masyarakat yang dihuni oleh etnik Minangkabau dan etnik Mandailing, terutama masalah perkawinan, kekerabatan, sistem kewarisan dan kepemilikan harta komunal. Namun proses itu selalu berjalan secara elegan dan atraktif melalui dialektika dan dinamika masyarakatnya. Sehingga, Islam secara kultur berakulturasi dengan budaya Minangkabau dan budaya Mandailing dan membentuk identitas Islam kultur yang khas di daerah perbatasan
Learning about Programming and Epistemic Emotions: A Gendered Analysis
Authors: Grass Beatriz Eugenia , Coto Mayela , Collazos-Ordoñez César Alberto , Paderewski Patricia
Published: November 2020

Programming courses often turn into courses with high percentage of desertion and, sometimes, result in a factor that drives students to abandon their careers, even when they are subjects highly relevant in the training of engineers in the areas of computer science, IT, and related careers. These courses demand high cognitive processes, which generate several emotions learning-related that, when taken into account and evaluated, could be used in favor of learning. Programming courses generate negative emotions in female students in a higher proportion than men, which may even lead them to abandon the career, widening the gender gap. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the role of emotions in academic environments at university level, as well as for knowing the reason for the low participation of women, despite the importance of their role and skills, in computing areas. However, the interest in analyzing the emotions that emerge from students as they learn to program is quite recent. There is not an important number of studies around the emotions of women while they learn to program. The objective of this study is to analyze the behavior -at an emotional level- of students towards different teaching activities, establishing gender level comparisons, and considering the incorporation of elements of collaboration and gamification to identify differences in the emotions originated by these activities.
Russia in Reform: Year-Book [collection of scientific articles]: issue 18
Authors:   Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gorshkov Mikhail K.
Published: November 2020

Настоящий выпуск Ежегодника «Россия реформирующаяся» является восемнадцатым по счету и представляет результаты основных исследовательских направлений Федерального научно-исследовательского социологического центра Российской академии наук. Очередной выпуск Ежегодника состоит из четырех частей. Первая часть выпуска посвящена трансформации социальной структуры российского социума. Вторая часть содержит материалы исследований ценностных установок и верований современных россиян. Третья часть, посвященная проблемам современного российского общества, представлена статьями, связанными с исследованиями процессов цифровизации как на федеральном, так и на региональном уровне. Четвертая часть выпуска освещает вопросы совершенствования методологии и методики социологического исследования. Особое внимание авторы уделяют социологическому осмыслению последствий беспрецедентного события этого года – пандемии короновируса. Книга адресована широкому кругу специалистов и экспертов – аналитиков в области социологии образования, философам, политологам, представителям власти, преподавателям, а также аспирантам и студентам, всем, интересующимся потенциалом развития российской социологии и российского общества.
Sanksi Terhadap Instansi Pemerintah yang Menghalang-halangi Pembentukan Serikat Pekerja/Serikat Buruh
Authors: Harianto Ari Riski
Published: November 2020

Serikat pekerja atau serikat buruh adalah organisasi yang dibentuk dari, oleh, dan untuk pekerja/buruh baik di perusahaan maupun di luar perusahaan, yang bersifat bebas, terbuka, mandiri, demokratis, dan bertanggung jawab guna memperjuangkan, membela serta melindungi hak dan kepentingan pekerja/buruh serta meningkatkan kesejahteraan pekerja/buruh dan keluarganya. Keberadaan serikat pekerja/serikat buruh sangat penting artinya dalam rangka memperjuangkan, membela, melindungi hak dan kepentingan pekerja/buruh serta melakukan upaya- upaya untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan pekerja/buruh Kehadiran serikat pekerja/buruh pun diharapkan menjadi penyimbang posisi pekerja/buruh dengan pemberi kerja. Melalui keterwakilan serikat pekerja/buruh diharapkan aspirasi pekerja/buruh bisa disampaikan kepada pemberi kerja. Sehingga pembentukan maupun kehadiran dari serikat pekerja/buruh tersebut tidak boleh dihalang-halangi sedikitpun baik itu dari pengusaha selaku pemeberi kerja maupun dari pemerintah. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana upaya hukum yang dapat dilakukan oleh anggota dari Serikat Pekerja/Serikat Buruh ketika merasa haknya dihalangi untuk membentuk serikat pekerja/buruh. Penelitian dalam skripsi ini menggunakan tipe penelitian legal research, serta untuk memperoleh pemecahan masalah menggunakan metode statute approach, conceptual approach dan case approach. Berdasarkan pembahasan tersebut menujukkan bahwa tindakan pemerintah dalam hal ini kepala Dinsosnaker Kota Sibolga diduga telah melanggar hak dari pekerja/buruh untuk membentuk serikat pekerja/buruh, yakni dengan cara melakukan pembatalan pencatatan yang telah dilakukan, serta tidak melaksanakan kesepakatan yang telah dibuat bersama dengan pekerja/buruh.
Pemenuhan Tunjangan Hari Raya Dalam Tahun Anggaran 2018 Kepada ASN (Aparatur Sipil Negara)
Authors: Setyoko Daniel Dwi
Published: November 2020

Tunjangan merupakan salah satu hak yang didapat oleh ASN berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang ASN. Tunjangan tersebut berfungsi sebagai balas jasa atas kinerja ASN disamping gaji pokok demi terjaminnya kesejahteraan ASN. Sejak tahun 2016 Presiden Joko Widodo memutuskan untuk tidak menaikan gaji ASN. Sebagai ganti atas tidak naiknya gaji ASN, Pemerintah Pusat memberikan Tunjangan Hari Raya menjelang hari raya Idul Fitri tahun 2016. Pemberian Tunjafngan Hari Raya terus dilakukan hingga pada tahun 2018 Tunjangan tersebut mengalami penyesuaian. Melalui Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 19 Tahun 2018, pemerintah pusat menaikan Tunjangan Hari Raya yang sebelumnya sebesar gaji pokok menjadi sebesar penghasilan pada bulan Mei 2018. Pemerintah Kota Surabaya berdalih tidak mempunyai anggaran untuk belanja pegawai pada APBD Kota Surabaya tahun anggaran 2018. Pemenuhan Tunjangan Hari Raya merupakan hal yang penting sebab menyangkut hak-hak ASN yang telah bekerja pada pemerintah. Tunjangan tersebut juga menunjang kebutuhan ekonomi para ASN menjelang Hari Raya Idul Fitri tahun 2018. Pemenuhan tersebut berdampak pada anggaran pemerintah. Evaluasi dan Perubahan pada APBN dan APBD wajib dilakukan pemerintah untuk menyesuaikan kebutuhan biaya yang ada.
Pelarangan Buku Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 6-13-20/PUU-VIII/2010
Authors: Prasetyo Dwi
Published: November 2020

Tulisan ini membahas tentang pelarangan buku di Indonesia pasca putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 6-13-20/PUU-VIII/2010. Putusan Mahkamah tersebut berakibat Undang-Undang Nomor 4/PNPS/1963 bertentangan dengan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Putusan tersebut memberikan petunjuk bahwa mekanisme pelarangan buku harus melalui putusan peradilan yang memperoleh kekuatan hukum tetap. Masih banyak pihak yang belum memahami bagaimana standar hukum hak asasi manusia berpengaruh terhadap pengaturan perbukuan. Skripsi ini ditulis dengan metode penelitian normatif menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konsep, dan pendekatan kasus untuk menganalisis permasalahan hukum yang diangkat. Dari penelitian yang penulis lakukan diperoleh hasil bahwa pelarangan buku hanya dapat dilakukan sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku. Pengaturan pelarangan buku di Indonesia telah sesuai dengan standar hak asasi manusia. Pelarangan buku sebagai salah satu sarana kebebasan ekspresi haus dilaksanakan dengan prinsip negara hukum dan demokrasi.
Pertanggungjawaban Negara Dalam Penyelesaian Kasus Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia yang Berat Di Aceh Melalui Mekanisme Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi Aceh
Authors: Sriwidodo Lukman Dwi Hadi Putra
Published: November 2020

Upaya untuk mengungkap pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia yang berat telah lama dilakukan dengan adanya mekanisme non-yudisial yaitu Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi (Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2004 tentang Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi). Ini membuka jalan bagi pengungkapan kebenaran. Proses ini sangat penting dilakukan untuk meminimalisir konflik warisan yang dapat menjadi penghalang bagi masa depan bangsa. Pemerintah memiliki kewajiban untuk melindungi, menjunjung tinggi dan memajukan Hak Asasi Manusia bagi warga negara. Belajar dari penelitian ini, negara memiliki undang-undang terkait untuk kebenaran dan rekonsiliasi, terutama dalam menyelesaikan pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia masa lalu. Namun, undang-undang yang awalnya menjadi dasar hukum untuk mengungkapkan kebenaran telah dicabut oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi. Karenanya, tidak ada lagi dasar hukum untuk kebenaran dan rekonsiliasi di Indonesia. Namun, Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi Aceh telah dibentuk berdasarkan Nota Kesepahaman antara Pemerintah Republik Indonesia dan Gerakan Aceh Merdeka, di Helsinki, Finlandia pada 15 Agustus 2005 (MoU Helsinki). MoU ini telah diadaptasi menjadi Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 tentang Pemerintahan Aceh dan Qanun Aceh Nomor 17 Tahun 2013. Artikel ini berfokus pada dua pertanyaan, apa posisi hukum dan wewenang Komisi Kebenaran dan Rekonsiliasi Aceh dalam sistem hukum Indonesia dalam menjamin dan melindungi hak-hak para korban pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia yang berat dalam kasus-kasus di Aceh, dan apakah mekanisme perlindungan dan pertanggungjawaban Negara dalam memberikan langkah-langkah hukum dapat memenuhi hak-hak para korban pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia yang berat di Aceh.
Penyiaran Program Siaran “86” di Media Televisi Perspektif Hukum Pidana
Authors: Answendy Putri Riska
Published: November 2020

Program Siaran “86” merupakan salah satu produk pers yang disirkan melalui media televisi. Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia (KPI) mengolongkan program ini dalam program siaran jurnalistik. Materi isi siaran program ini adalah penayangan proses sebelum adanya putusan dari pengadilan yang dilakukan oleh kepolisian. Dalam penanyangannya seringkali melibatkan adanya kekerasan dan tidak mengindahkan hak anak. Hal ini membuka peluang adanya pelangaran terhadap asas praduga tak bersalah karena isi dari siaran ini adalah proses sebelum adanya putusan dari pengadilan, sehingga pihak yang terlibat dapat dinilai bersalah oleh masyarakat karena penayangan program acara ini. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut akan dibahas permasalahan terkait apakah penayangan Program Siaran “86” merupakan perbuatan yang melanggar peraturan perundang-undangan dan kode etik serta apakah bentuk tanggung jawab media televisi yang menyiarkan Program Siaran “86” tersebut. Untuk mendapatkan jawaban atas pertanyaan tersebut digunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Dari pendekatan tersebut didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa penayanagan Program Siaran “86” dimedia televisi diperbolehkan oleh peraturan perundang-undangan dan kode etik namun, isi materi siaran dalam program tersebut masih menyalahi peraturan.
TUBERCULOUS ARTHRITIS OF THE ANKLE MIMICKING SYNOVITIS IN CHILD - A CASE REPORT
Authors: Christanto Erick Yudistira , Bayusentono Sulis
Published: November 2020

Background: Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis is approximately 10% of all tuberculosis (TB) cases, and the musculoskeletal system’s involvement was only 2-4. The incidence of ankle TB was found to be less than 2% of all musculoskeletal TB. The rare occurrence, uncommon site, non-specific symptoms, lack of awareness frequently causes diagnosis difficulties.Case Report: A 2,5-year-old child came to the hospital with the main complaints of swelling and pain on the left ankle since one year ago. She was diagnosed with the ankle’s synovitis from the previous hospital and was given analgesics and a warm compress on the left ankle. However, the swelling of her left ankle increased during the last seven months, causing limitation of the left ankle movement, then she was admitted to the hospital for further examination. Radiologic examination revealed peripheral osseous erosions, reduced bone mineral content, and soft tissue swelling. A Mantoux test was positive with 15 mm induration and 25 mm erythema. Anti-tuberculous drugs (ATD) therapy was given with isoniazid 50 mg, rifampicin 75 mg, pyrazinamide 150 mg, and ethambutol 230 mg for two months, as an intensive phase therapy following rifampicin 75 mg and isoniazid 50 mg for ten months.Conclusion: Tuberculous arthritis of the ankle poses a diagnostic-difficulties, it should be considered especially in the endemic area. It is often misdiagnosed with other musculoskeletal conditions, which can delay the initiation of appropriate treatment. TB must be confirmed by histological pathology. A combination of ATD and surgery can lead to clinical improvement.
Higher IL-1beta level in the follicular liquid of endometriosis compared with non-endometriosis patients
Authors: Hadi Cahyono , Dasuki Djaswadi , Sadewa Ahmad Hamim , Astuti Indwiani , Prasetyo Awal
Published: November 2020

Objective: To ascertain the IL-1b level in the follicular liquid of endometriosis sufferers compared with that of non-endometriosis sufferers.Materials and Methods: The ELISA method, for detecting the IL-1b, is taken from follicular fluid of endometriosis as well as non-endometriosis patients that diagnosed according to the ASRM criteria.Results: The 54 subjects were dominantly endometriosis <34 year old (88.9%).  The IL-1b levels of endometriosis patients and non-endometriosis patients were 82.86 ± 30.15 and 56.05 ± 23.27 respectively (p=0.01). The ROC value of IL-1b was found at a cut-off point of 26 (with the IL-1b cut-off point of 65.16). The discriminating value of AUC (area under curve) was 59.3%.Conclusion: It was concluded that the IL-1b level in endometriosis is higher than that in non- endometriosis.
Characteristics of women with uterine prolapse at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Risdianto Akhmad , Paraton Hari , Hardianto Gatut , Mardiyan Eighty , Denas Azami , Hastono Tri
Published: November 2020

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence, sociodemographic characteristic and risk factor patient with uterine prolaps in Dr. Soetomo Hospital period 2016.Materials and Methods: This study using observational descriptive study.Results: There were 41 subjects of this study with uterine prolaps.  which is mostly on age  51-60 years old (37%). Uterine prolaps grade III was the frequent (29%). Uterine prolaps mostly happened in multiparity (93%) than primiparity (7%). All of the prolaps uterine patient giving birth by vaginal delivery. Uterine prolaps most commonly occures after  menopause (80%). 28 patient (68%) with uterine prolaps underwent surgery.Conclusion: The incidence of uterine prolaps dramatically increase especially uterine prolaps grade III. Multiparity, vaginal delivery, and post menopausal were the main risk factor. This could be reduce the quality of life.
Geoprocessing of Grand Parks in Dubai: Managing Wellbeing from the Urban Public Spaces to the Leisure and Sport Environments
Authors: Mataruna-Dos-Santos Leonardo Jose , Al Shibini Mohamed Ahmed Hamed Mahmoud Sayed Ahmed Abdelwahab , Cazorla Milla Jaume , Cazorla Milla Asli
Published: November 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyze the five grand parks in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE) and provide a geoprocessing approach to different aspects such as sport, health, leisure, recreation, and public wellbeing. The study uses a hybrid of qualitative and quantitative approach as methodology. Sustainability offerings, accessibility for people of determination and special needs, typology and the geolocations of the grand parks plays crucial role in residents’ wellbeing. The paper concludes with recommendations for Dubai government to design new and innovative approaches to manage wellbeing of urban public places into the leisure environment for residents.
Mental load and emotional stability of a higher education employee with a socially active status
Authors: Okhrimenko Irina B. , Stavruk Marina A. , Akhmadullina Irina A. , Ippolitova Natalia V. , Korostelev Aleskandr A.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the topic of improving the ways of protecting the interests of employees, namely, the problem of selecting the leader based on the informal characteristics, including the psychological features rather than by the administrative instructions. Based on scientific literature the authors give their understanding of “mental load” and "emotional stability". Using experimental data, the authors prove the hypothesis about the leadership as a result of combination of three factors: firstly, the problem-solving by the group; secondly, the group’s composition; and finally, the leader’s personal qualities. The research is based on the theoretical and empirical scientific methods’ use. 208 employees took part in the survey devoted to the assessment of the Trade Union leader’s activity. In conclusion, the authors identified the main components of psychological load and emotional stability of a higher education employee with a socially active status. The researches came to the conclusion that the leader’s fundamental basis includes: personal qualities, tolerance, the resistance to the mental stress effects; the ability to create a favorable socio-psychological climate in the team and apply certain motivational and managerial methods; the leadership abilities; and the ability to communicate and solve conflict situations.
Hearing and vision care provided to older people residing in care homes: a cross-sectional survey of care home staff
Authors: Andrusjak Wendy , Barbosa Ana , Mountain Gail
Published: November 2020

Background:Hearing and vision loss in older people has been proven to affect physical and mental health and increase the speed of cognitive decline. Studies have demonstrated that certain practices and improved staff knowledge increase the effective care of residents’ ears and eyes, yet it is not known which practices are being implemented in care homes. This study aimed to identify the gaps in staff knowledge regarding hearing and vision difficulties in older residents, and which practices known to improve ear and eye care in older care home residents are not commonly implemented in care homes in England.Methods:This study used a cross-sectional survey design. Survey questions were informed by the existing literature and were focused on practices, staff knowledge, and other aspects that have shown to affect residents’ hearing and vision care. A convenience sample of care home staff were recruited from care homes across England between November 2018 and February 2019 via email and in paper format. Descriptive statistics and Chi-Square analysis were applied to identify the factors influencing the care being provided to care home residents.Results:A total of 400 care home staff responded from 74 care homes. The results revealed that less than half of staff respondents reported to use screening tools to identify hearing (46%) and vision impairments (43.8%); that care homes rarely have limited access to other assistive devices for hearing (16%) and vision loss (23.8%), and that audiology services do not regularly assess care home residents (46.8%). A majority of staff who responded were not confident in ear and eye care. Responses were found to be influenced by the respondents’ job role, length of time working in care homes and also the care home type and care home size. Findings confirmed a lack of standardised practice and the importance of shared communication for promulgation of best practice.Conclusion:This study has identified that some practices known to facilitate ear and eye care are not commonly applied in a sample of English care homes. It has also shown that care home staff knowledge of ear and eye care is inconsistent. The information derived from this survey can be used to inform guidelines for best practice and inform needs for future research.
Pathogenic Functions of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-associated Factor 6 Signaling following Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Huang Huan , Xia Anqi , Sun Li , Lu Chun , Liu Ying , Zhu Zhenjie , Wang Siye , Cai Junyan , Zhou Xiaoyun , Liu Su
Published: November 2020

Background: Neuroinflammation contributes to delayed (secondary) neurodegeneration following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) signaling may promote post-TBI neuroinflammation, thereby exacerbating secondary injury. Methods: This study investigated the pathogenic functions of TRAF6 signaling following TBI in vivo and in vitro. A rat TBI model was established by air pressure contusion while lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure was used to induce inflammatory-like responses in cultured astrocytes. Model rats were examined for cell-specific expression of TRAF6, NF-κB, phosphorylated (p)-NF-kB, MAPKs (ERK, JNK, p38), p-MAPKs, chemokines (CCL2 and CXCL1), and chemokine receptors (CCR2 and CXCR2) by immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, western blotting, and ELISA, for apoptosis by TUNEL staining, and spatial cognition by Morris water maze testing. These measurements were compared between TBI model rats receiving intracerebral injections of TRAF6-targeted RNAi vector (AAV9-TRAF6-RNAi), empty vector, MAPK/NF-kB inhibitors, or vehicle. Primary astrocytes were stimulated with LPS following TRAF6 siRNA or control transfection, and NF-κB, MAPKs, chemokine, and chemokine receptor expression levels evaluated by western blotting and ELISA. Results: TRAF6 was expressed mainly in astrocytes and neurons of injured cortex, peaking 3 days post-TBI. Knockdown by AAV9-TRAF6-RNAi improved spatial learning and memory, decreased TUNEL-positive cell number in injured cortex, and downregulated expression levels of p-NF-κB, p-JNK, p-ERK, p-p38, CCL2, CCR2, CXCL1, and CXCR2 post-TBI. Inhibitors of NF-κB, ERK, JNK, and p38 significantly suppressed CCL2, CCR2, CXCL1, and CXCR2 expression following TBI. Furthermore, TRAF6-siRNA inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB, ERK, JNK, p38, CCL2, and CXCL1 upregulation in cultured astrocytes. Conclusions: Targeting TRAF6-MAPK/NF-κB-chemokine signaling pathways may provide a novel therapeutic approach for reducing post-TBI neuroinflammation and concomitant secondary injury.
Stakeholder Perspectives on the Effectiveness of the Victorian Salt Reduction Partnership
Authors: Rosewarne Emalie , Chislett Wai-Kwan , McKenzie Briar , Reimers Jenny , Jolly Kellie-Ann , Corben Kirstan , Trieu Kathy , Webster Jacqui
Published: November 2020

Background: Interventions to reduce population salt intake are feasible and cost-effective. The Victorian Salt Reduction Partnership implemented a complex, multi-faceted salt reduction intervention between 2014 and 2020 in the Australian state of Victoria. This study aimed to understand stakeholder perspectives on the effectiveness of the Victorian Salt Reduction Partnership. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with Partnership and food industry stakeholders. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was adapted for the Partnership intervention and used to guide the qualitative analysis.Results: Fourteen Partnership and seven food industry stakeholders were interviewed. The Partnership was viewed as essential for intervention planning and decision-making and an enabler for intervention delivery. The goals of capacity building and collaborative action were perceived to have been achieved. The implementation team executed intended intervention activities and outputs, with some adaptations to strategy. Barriers and enablers to implementation were identified by interviewees, such as compatibility of individual, organisational and Partnership values and building positive relationships between the Partnership and food industry, respectively. Legal, political, social, environmental, technological and economic factors affecting intervention design, delivery and outcomes were identified. Conclusions: Establishing a Partnership with diverse skills and experience facilitated collaborative action, capacity building and execution of the intervention. Monitoring and evaluating implementation informed strategy adaptations, which allowed optimisation of Partnership strategy. The importance of developing strong communication networks between strategic and implementation-levels was a key lesson.
Greater Adherence to Dietary Guidelines were Associated with Lower Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases in Chinese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Wu Shang-Ling , Ye Yan-Bin , Peng Long-Yun , Chen Yu-Ming , Zeng Fang-Fang , Zhuo Shu-Yu , Li Yan-Bing , Lu Wei , Chen Pei-Yan , Mai Hai-Yan , Fang Shi , Sui Yi , Ruan Pei-Shan
Published: November 2020

Background The evidence regarding the impact of the healthy eating index on the risk of cardiovascular events among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is limited. To examine the associations of adherence to the Chinese and American dietary guidelines and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among Chinese individuals with T2D. Methods This 1:1 matched case-control study included 419 enrolled pairs hospital-based CVD cases and controls who were matched by age and sex, in Guangdong province, China, all of whom had T2D. A structured questionnaire and a 79-item food-frequency questionnaire was used to collect general information and dietary intake information. Diet quality scores were calculated according to the Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI) and the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015). Results After adjustment for various confounding factors, the higher diet quality scores on the CHEI and HEI-2015 showed a significant association with a lower risk of CVD. The odds ratios (95% confidence interval) per 5-score increment were 0.88(0.83,0.92) in the CHEI and 0.80(0.74,0.88) in the HEI-2015, respectively. In stratified analyses, the protective associations remained significant in the subgroups of sex, smoking status, tea-drinking, hypertension state, dyslipidemia state, BMI, and T2D duration, but not among the drinkers in CHEI. Conclusion Greater adherence to the most recent Chinese or American dietary guidelines were associated with a lower risk of CVD incidents among Chinese patients with T2D.