bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Profile and Conventional Risk Factors of Acute Coronary Syndrome in Late Elderly Patients
Authors: Simkhada Rabindra , Khan Barkadin , KC Sanjay Singh
Published: November 2022

Background and Aims: Acute coronary syndrome is an important health issue. There is paucity of its data in late elderly. We aimed to study their clinical profile and prevalence of conventional risk factors.

Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre from February 2022 to May 2022 including 71 consecutive patients of acute coronary syndrome of age >75 years. They were evaluated focusing their chief complaints and cardiovascular risk factors.

Results: Mean age was 80.32±4.06 years. Forty (56.33%) were male and 31 (43.66%) were female. Thirty-nine (54.92%) were hypertensive, 29 (40.84%) were diabetic, 18 (25.35%) were smoker, 10 (14.08%) had history of dyslipidemia and 6 (8.45%) had family history of cardiovascular disease. Chest pain was present in 54 (76.05%), dyspnea in 28 (39.43%), sweating in 15 (21.12%) and nausea/vomiting in 8 (11.26%). Palpitation was present in 7 (9.85%), and epigastric pain in 13 (18.30%). Seven (9.85%)   gave history of pre-syncope/ syncope and 6 (8.45%) had altered mental status. There was significant correlation of smoking (p=0.02) and types of ACS (p=0.001) with gender.

Conclusion: Acute coronary syndrome were plausibility common in late elderly female. Chest pain was commonest complaint in both genders.  Dyspnea, sweating and epigastric pain were also common. Pre-syncope/ syncope and altered mental status were also present in some cases. Conventional risk factors were quite common in both genders. These symptoms can be features acute coronary syndrome in elderly hence should be evaluated cautiously.
Consensus Statement of Cardiac Society of Nepal on Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease in Nepal
Authors: Sharma Deewakar , Prajapati Dipanker , Shakya Urmila , Shrestha Manish , Shakya Samir , Gautam Navin Chandra , Manandhar Reeju , Sherpa Kunjang , KC Man Bahadur , Regmi Prakash Raj , Poudel Chandra Mani , Adhikari Chandra Mani , Gajurel Ratna Mani , Rajbanshi Bijoy G
Published: November 2022

The prevalence of rheumatic heart disease is still significant in Nepal, especially in rural areas. It is an important preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in children and young adults. Diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease and acute rheumatic fever is based on clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic criteria. Diagnosis and management criteria need to be locally relevant and practical to our context for implementation at the national level. The Cardiac Society of Nepal initiated the development of consensus document with aim of providing a reasonable and practical format of diagnostic and management. We hope this document will be helpful for physicians, pediatricians and cardiologists of the country to diagnose and treat acute rheumatic fever and RHD.
Performance Reliability of Musicians in Concert And Stage Activity as a Scientific Phenomenon
Authors: Yunyk Dmytro
Published: November 2022

The author analyzed the essence of the concept "performance stability of musicians in concert and stage activities". It was found that it does not reflect the error-free sound realization of the author's musical text, but the repetition of its previous realization, even with the admission of a large number of the same mistakes. The expediency of identifying in modern science the infallibility of performing any professional activity of subjects with the meaning of the concept of "reliability" is argued. The performance reliability of musicians in concert and stage activities is considered in the context of the semantically close concepts of "psychological reliability", "functional reliability" and "structural reliability of anatomic-morphological systems of the personality". Performance reliability of musicians in concert and stage activities is characterized from the standpoint of genetics and genesis. The author has proved that the specified phenomenon is not an innate, but a formed property of musicians-performers, which not only ensures the emergence of stimulating types of pop excitement in them, but also creates favorable conditions for the coherence of the course of cognitive processes aimed at the error-free sound realization of the author's musical text and successful implementation of an imaginatively created variational-figurative model of a musical work during a public performance. The main signs of qualitatively formed performance reliability of musicians in concert and stage activities are described, which include: the dominance of stimulating types of pop excitement ("excitement-eхaltation", "excitement in image") over destructive ones ("excitement-fear", "excitement-panic" and "excitement-apathy"); stability of error-free sound realization of the author's music note text of a musical work; consistency of reproduction of automated executive actions as components of executive skills; uninterrupted work for the required time in the intellectual, auditory, emotional-volitional and motor spheres of the personality; non-stop performance of regulatory functions in the process of musical performance; the presence of a "motivational optimum", under which favorable conditions are created for the realization of creative and interpretive desires; sudden mobilization of the body's reserve forces to create emotional stability during the period of excessive stressors.
"Devil's Tango" Plastic Style in Alfred Schnittke’s Opera "The Story of Doctor Johann Faust"
Authors: Kasyanova Olena
Published: November 2022

The article examines conceptual approaches to the plastic stylistics of "Devil's Tango" in A. Schnittke's opera "The Story of Dr. Johann Faust" through the prism of postmodern aesthetics. The problem of the Faustian choice in modern society is determined against the background of today's sociocultural challenges. The characteristic features of musical drama are outlined in relation to the selected scenes, and the author also explains the specifics of the plastic solution of the dramatic component in the context of the composer's idea. The concept of stylistic solution of the dance scene "Devil's Tango" is established through the prism of dramaturgical, musicological, and theatrical aspects of the Faustian choice problem. An overview of the evolutionary interpretations of the image of Faust, their correspondence to the aesthetic concepts of certain historical eras, which present a kind of closed circle from the 16th century to the present is reviewed. An analysis of the interpretation of the images of Faust and the devil in A. Schnittke's cantata and opera "The Story of Dr. Johann Faust" was carried out, which made it possible to determine their modifications. The reasons for the composer's choice of the "folk" Faust based on the book by Y. Spies with contradictions in his strength and weakness, in contrast to the idealized and exalted scientist according to J. Goethe, are clarified. The impetus for the interpretation of the image of Faust as a deeply tragic figure who grasped the horror of the wrong choice between the Eternal and the perishable is determined. Three hypostases of the image of the devil are differentiated with different missions and corresponding timbral coloring of the parts: Mephistopheles is a sweet-voiced tempter (countertenor), Mephistopheles is a cruel punisher (contralto), Lucifer is a terrible devil (chorus). It is proved that the musical dramaturgy features of "Devil's Tango" in A. Schnittke's opera require a deep synthesis of traditional and innovative means of scenic expressiveness with their active interaction and syncretic orientation, corresponding to the polystylistics of the composer's method. Prospects for further exploration of directorial interpretations of the Faustian choice problem in the context of a new paradigm of artistic culture and art are predicted.
FORENSIC TESTIMONY AS A GENRE OF NARRATIVE DISCOURSE
Authors: Iegorova Anna V.
Published: November 2022

Previous narrative researches have never focused on witnesses as the primary tellers of events in courtroom, but rather on lawyers. It stipulated the need to foreground the role of the witnesses who have first- hand knowledge of these events. To that end, this paper explores forensic testimonies from a new perspective and suggests to consider this type of institutional discourse as a separate kind of the narrative genre. In order to classify forensic testimonies as a genre of narrative discourse it was essential to provide a systematic review of contemporary literature related to the problem of genre definition with the aim of determining relevant criteria for assigning discourses specific generic affiliation. These criteria include: the institutional roles of the participants in courtroom context, the pragmatic goals of the lawyers and the witnesses in co-construction of the story within the testimony, as well as the constraining nature of courtroom context. Further the results of theoretical analysis of genre definition were mapped on major narrative dimensions (tellership, tellability, linearity, embeddedness and moral stance) in institutional context of courtroom hearings. The findings of this research showed that witness narratives in testimonies are fragmented, characterized by nonlinear chronology and nonlinear causal logic of events presentation; even though the witnesses are restricted in what and how they tell, the stories they tell are highly relevant for the fact detection in court; testimonies are of dialogical nature, with the lawyers inevitably becoming co-tellers of the witness story; testimonies are embedded into power-asymmetrical ‘question-answer’ pattern of examination; the identity of the witness (and their credibility) is constructed and deconstructed throughout the testimony.
THE MEANING OF SILENCE IN THE WORK OF HERTA MÜLLER
Authors: Shopin Pavlo Yu.
Published: November 2022

Herta Müller writes about suffering caused by social oppression, often depicting the dictatorial regime of Nicolae Ceaușescu. Her literary works are marked by her first-person narrative perspective and a principled confrontation with totalitarianism and illiberalism. She is deeply interested in language and regularly uses metaphors to illuminate its functioning in the conditions of suffering and subjugation. This paper will focus on metaphors for silence and categorise them into those sensory modalities and concrete phenomena (vision, touch, smell, eating, speaking, somatic experience, force, space, motion, container, physical objects, manipulation, destruction, life, and death) that serve as source domains. Despite its limitations, this categorisation will help understand the motivation behind the associations between the target domain of silence and its vehicles. Müller highlights the figurative nature of the relationship between silence and more concrete concepts, establishing connections between it and those ideas that commonly relate to bodily experience. This paper will reveal that silence does not exist as a well-defined concept and acquires new meanings depending on the context and the metaphorical images that are used to explain it. Drawing on conceptual metaphor theory within the framework of cognitive literary studies, the author suggests that the meaning of silence is not random and relies on conceptual and linguistic conventions; Müller estranges these conventions, and thus foregrounds the figurative yet motivated meaning of silence.
COLOUR TERMS IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY: A CORPUS STUDY
Authors: Stanulewicz Danuta , Radomyski Konrad
Published: November 2022

Colour is a common physical phenomenon involving selective absorption, reflection or transmission of certain wavelengths of light. It is one of the fundamental properties of chemical compounds, which is particularly evident in the field of inorganic chemistry. The aim of this paper is to present colour terms used by scientists in the field of inorganic chemistry. We concentrate both on basic and non-basic colour terms – as understood by Berlin and Kay (1969). The research material is extracted from a corpus compiled with AntConc, consisting of abstracts published in Inorganic Chimica Acta, Inorganic Chemistry Communications, Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry and ten other chemical journals. The size of the corpus is 1,626,380 words. The most frequent basic colour terms found in the abstracts are blue (370 occurrences), green (302) and red (222), whereas the non-basic terms include, among others, violet (46) and cyan (4). In this paper, we investigate the uses of these and other colour words, focusing mainly on their occurrence in names of chemical compounds and other terms as well as in descriptions.
COGNITIVE TERMINOLOGICAL STRUCTURE AS A UNIT OF THE PROFESSIONAL WORLDVIEW
Authors: Matvieieva Svitlana A. , Torgovets Maryna A.
Published: November 2022

The article deals with the problem of obtaining, processing, storing and transferring professional information with the help of language means and the formation of a system of professional knowledge. The paper substantiates the term ‘cognitive terminological structure’ proposed by the authors to denote a unit of professional consciousness, in which a fragment of the professional worldview is concentrated and which is verbalized through terms. The formation of such a cognitive unit is the speaker’s reaction and reflection to the phenomena of the scientific world. Understanding of these phenomena is formed in the mind with the acquisition of knowledge about them, and ideas about them are continuously transformed by added professional and relevant information, are stored in professional memory and verbalized in the form of a term. Terminological units are associated with the cognitive terminological structures they verbalize. Such cognitive terminological structures are clumps of information stored in the memory of a professional metalanguage user. From the linguo-cognitive point of view the authors offer to understand the term as a word or phrase, representing a fragment of the professional worldview through the verbalization of the cognitive terminological structure within a certain scientific / professional discourse.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF EGYPTIAN SIDR HONEY AND ITS SYNERGISTIC ACTION WITH ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
Authors: Omran Nageh , Hassan Mostafa , Abdel-rahman Mohamed , Desoky Abdel-aleem , Hamouda Stayed
Published: November 2022

Determine the in vitro antibacterial potential activity sidr honey produced in upper Egypt against five references bacterial strains (Gram positive and Gram negative strains) and its synergistic effect with some antimicrobial agents. Material & Methods: fifteen Sidr honey samples were collected from three Governorates in Upper Egypt. Honey samples were diluted and tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Bacillus cereus by agar dilution method. Post determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values, six honey samples were examined for their synergistic action with the ineffective antimicrobial agents. Results: In vitro antimicrobial sensitivity test, all bacterial strains showed multidrug resistance action against the 13 tested antimicrobial agents with high multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index, it was ≥ 0.38. All Sidr bee honey samples showing antibacterial activity against the five tested references bacterial strains. All Sidr bee honey samples, showed better synergistic effect with all antimicrobial agents against.
COMMUNICATIVE LEADERSHIP: GENERAL CONCEPT
Authors: Postolenko Iryna
Published: November 2022

The main purpose of the article is to give the definition of the concept of communicative leadership. Also, we aim to provide an overview of our research on leadership in communication including central communication behaviors of leaders. We explain the role of communicative leader as well. This is the one who engages employees in dialogue, actively shares in order to find feedback, practices participative decision-making and is perceived as open and involved. In our research we point out the important communication roles of team leaders. The events and messages of the leaders have impact on sensemaking processes and actions of leaders and employees. Key communication behaviors of leaders are to initiate structure, facilitate, relate and represent. Together, these behaviors lead to important features that drive organizational performance: employee role clarity, commitment and engagement as well as team cohesion and confidence. As a result of role clarity, employee commitment, and engagement; communicative leadership leads to higher levels of individual performance. As a result of unit cohesion, confidence, and effective group processes; communicative leadership leads to higher levels of performance at the unit level. In the article we share the main principles of the communicative leadership. They can guide the development of leadership theory and practice. Communicative leaders coach and enable employees to be self-managing; provide structures that facilitate the work; set clear expectations for quality and productivity; engage in problem-solving; convey direction and assist others in achieving their goals; enable and support sensemaking and engage in framing of messages and events.
THE UKRAINIAN FAMILY IN WESTERN UKRAINE AT THE END 18th-THE BEGINNING OF THE 20th CENTURY AS A FOLK-PEDAGOGICAL INSTITUTION
Authors: Rusyn Halyna , Zozuliak-Sluchyk Rоksoliana
Published: November 2022

his purpose, the main functions of the Ukrainian family in Western Ukraine in the studied period are considered – biopsychological, ecological, social and socio-psychological (including communicative). Family education of children is the quintessence of the entire spiritual and moral culture of the people.The classification of family functions is presented in historical reflection and ethno-pedagogical context, and also the content of each function as well as its relationship with the ethno-pedagogical context of family functioning in Western Ukraine . We have proven that the phenomena of children’s birth and marriage, our ancestors; awareness of the importance of human life in and outside the family, and the importance of raising children by both parents have an ethno-pedagogical significance to the biopsychological function of the family.The role of labor education of children in the Western Ukrainian family, and the organization and formation of children’s household skills, are notable in regards to the ecological function of the family.The main indicators of this function are defined in the work as the naturalness of the educational process, ensuring a peculiar ecology of the personality of each family member, the responsibility of parents for the lives of children, respect for the authority of parents, etc.As far as the determination of the family’s social function content, we came to the conclusion that in the ethno-pedagogical context, this functional group includes the upbringing of universal and purely national values, the formation of consciousness of one's kind and land, a sense of belonging to a certain social stratum and the Ukrainian community in general, as well as formation of children’s skills of coexistence within their social group and with other social groups in the Western Ukrainian society.We have revealed the socio-psychological function of the family through general cultural processes in the family, the implementation of Christian principles of upbringing, mental education of children by means of ethnopedagogy, ensuring the preservation of ethno-cultural traditions of the Ukrainian family based on the preservation of language, faith, rules and laws of coexistence in the community.It was noted that the foundations of the phenomenon of the Ukrainian family are derived from the depth of Ukraine’s history and the formation of the mentality of the Ukrainian people, which was formed over thousands of years as a settled, agricultural people with its original spiritual core.
Indigenous Student’s Perception of Multimedia Learning as an Approach for Enhancing Reading Comprehension Skills
Authors: Mohamad Subaidi bin Abdul Samat  , Abdul Aziz Azlina binti
Published: November 2022

Reading comprehension is one of the language skills needed in processing the language, especially in comprehending information. Despite its importance, many of the students failed to perform comprehension skills well. Some of the reason was their lack of language proficiency and divergent approaches used by the teachers. Technology has been in favor of teachers and students in teaching practices such as multimedia learning because it has proven to help them in learning the language. Thus, this study aimed to find out indigenous students’ perception of multimedia learning as an approach to enhancing their reading comprehension skills. Besides, the alluring features of multimedia learning have ignited the need to explore its potential in helping indigenous students learn comprehension skills better. This study relied heavily on the questionnaire to obtain comprehensive data from the students’ perspective. The surveys employed four sections that covered attention, motivation, relevance, and satisfaction. The findings showed the students agreed that multimedia learning is an excellent tool in enhancing their reading comprehension skills. Despite that, the students disagree with the use of audio in multimedia learning.
A Study on Barriers Contributing to an Effective Online Learning Among Undergraduates’ Students
Authors: Abd Aziz Nurul Aien binti , Mohd Hafizan bin Musa  , Noreen Noor binti Abd Aziz  , Shaherah binti Abdul Malik  , Rusnani binti Mohamad Khalid
Published: November 2022

The purpose of technology is to ease people’s daily routines. Technology is applied everywhere, even in the field of education. The numbers of students who join at least one online course are increasing every year. This study is established to find out the factors and barriers of online learning. Barrier is defined as something (such as fence or natural obstacle) that prevents processes from being complete or running smoothly. Even before the using of online learning, it is imperative to address the barriers that can cause failure in online education. Hence, this research aims to investigate the relationships between attitude, technology skills, personal skills and interruption with the barriers contributing to effective online learning among undergraduates. Simple random sampling technique was employed to collect the data. Four hundred one undergraduates of UiTM Johor became the respondents of this study. Partial Least Squares (PLS) method was used to analyze the data. The results indicated that attitude and technology skills were significant determinants to the barriers of effective online learning among students. Findings from the study could benefit higher learning institutions to enhance and improve this platform in the future.
Strength Performance of Free Cement Mortars Incorporating Fly ASH and Slag: Effects of Alkaline Activator Solution Dosage
Authors: Hussein K. Hamzah  , Dan Paul Georgescu  , Nur Hafizah A. Khalid  , Ghasan F. Hussein
Published: November 2022

In recent days, the reduce of carbon dioxide emission, cost and energy consumption are the main concern in urban countries worldwide. Concrete is the main construction materials and the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)is primary binder in concrete industry. OPC industry cases many environmental problems such as carbon dioxide emission and high energy consumption. Alkali-activated paste, mortars and concrete are introduced as alternative materials to OPC in concrete production with lower energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission. In the experimental, the alkaline activator solution effects on fresh and hardened properties of binary blended alkali-activated mortars were evaluated. The wastes materials such as fly ash (FA) and ground blast furnace slag (GBFS) were incorporating with river sand to prepare the mortar specimens. To activate the blend, six dosage of alkaline activator solution were used for this purpose. The results of tested specimens shown the enhancement in flowabiliry of mortar with increasing content of alkaline solution. The highest strength was achieved with specimens’ mortar prepared with ratio 0.40 of alkaline solution to binder content at 28 days of age. For all prepared alkali-activated mortar’ specimens, a good direct relationship was found between the flexural, splitting tensile and compressive strength.
The effectiveness of the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the teaching of general engineering in higher education in Uzbekistan
Authors: Ulugov Bazar Dzhumaevich
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a systematic review of models and methodologies that integrate information and communication technologies (ICT) and education. The starting point of the review is the research questions, then keywords, selection of the databases, definition of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the definition of the search chains, search process and selection of papers, the analysis of the paper, and the results of the systematic review to answer the questions posed. In the systematic review, 316 papers were found in three academic databases and 75 relevant papers were selected. The work developed intends to know the different models and methodologies that integrate ICT and education. The article describes the solution of problems on the subject "Descriptive geometry and engineering graphics" using computer programs and the role of pedagogical information technologies in the process of teaching students in higher educational institutions. Peculiarities of teaching descriptive geometry and engineering graphics as part of the course of engineering graphics aimed at the mastering of AutoCAD and Compass graphic editor's are considered by the authors. The authors recommend the incorporation of mini-lectures and computer workshops into the training process.
Fetomaternal Outcomes of Breech Presentation in Labour
Authors: Sadia Bint Karim  , Huma Sethi  , Khurshida  , Robina Akhtar  , Khadija Saif
Published: November 2022

The purpose of our study was to determine the Fetomaternal outcomes of breech presentations in labour at term. The study was carried out in department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Hayatabad medical complex, MTI, Peshawar. This study included 140 women presenting with breech presentations at term in labour. They were watched for progress of labour and allowed to deliver vaginally or through caesarean section if required. Both vaginal deliveries and caesarean sections were performed by trained medical officers have experience of more than 3 years in teaching hospital. APGAR score of the newborns was noted at 1 & 5 minutes by an accompanied consultant pediatrician having at least 3 years of experience. All the data was collected on a proforma. Maternal outcomes were classified as Breech vaginal delivery or emergency caesarean section. APGAR scores of the neonates at 1 and then 5 minutes interval was used for neonatal outcome. Results showed vaginal breech delivery in 70% women while 30% women had caesarean sections. The APGAR score of majority of babies i.e. 93% was >7 while 7% of babies were born with APGAR score of <7.
Phytochemical Analysis, Safety Profile, Analgesic, and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Ethanol Extract of Allium fistulosum L.
Authors: Nazir Shireen , Syeda Afroz  , Tauseef Hafiza , Afsheen Hafiza , Farooqui Riffat , Rizvi Aisha
Published: November 2022

The study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical, safety profile, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory effects of A. fistulosum. Fifty mice were divided into 5 groups randomly to determine the analgesic activity by using the tail-flick method and hot plate method respectively. Normal saline 5 ml/kg was given to group 1 orally whereas A. fistulosum was administered orally to groups 2, 3, and 4 at a dose of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg respectively. Aspirin 300 mg/kg was given orally as a standard drug to a group of 5 animals. Acetic acid-induced writhing test were carried out in mice to evaluate peripheral analgesic activity. Animals were divided into 5 groups. Group1 act as a control group. Group 2 received Diclofenac Sodium whereas group 3, 4 and 5 received 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 600mg/kg of ethanol extract of A.fistulosum respectively. An anti-inflammatory effect was carried out on 50 rats. 1% carrageenan was used to induce edema in the paw. Group 1 acted as a control group whereas the other three groups received A. fistulosum at a dose of 200, 400, and, 600 mg/kg. The fifth group was given the standard drug Ibuprofen. The phytochemical evaluation was performed to reveal the constituents present in the ethanol extract of A. fistulosum. The screening demonstrates that pharmacologically active components such as flavonoids, carbohydrates, amino acids, glycosides, phenols, and tannins were present. The increase in latency period has been seen in all three groups of animals receiving A. fistulosum which shows an analgesic effect. The paw thickness of animals treated with ethanol extract at all three doses was also found to be significantly reduced. The safety profile of A. fistulosum was accessed by Lorke’s method which was found safe at the treated dose. In conclusion, the study shows the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Ethanol extract of A. fistulosum, which was predominantly attributable to the presence of phytochemical compounds like flavonoids.
Identification and Management of Parasitic Nematodes Associated with Mulberry in Mansehra, KP, Pakistan
Authors: Nadia Saeed  , Raqeebullah  , Qasim Saeed  , Khalid Usman  , Fahim Haider Jamali  , Muhammad Sabir  , Muhammad Aslam Khan  , Iftikhar Hussain
Published: November 2022

Parasitic nematodes are destructive parasites of crop plants and cause enormous damage to them. The earliest signs of nematodes attack are the inactiveness of growth as infestation of nematodes is a slow process. The survey was held to evaluate the percentage of the plant-parasitic nematodes that related to mulberry in various localities in the District Mansehra. For this purpose Mansehra, Balakot and Oghi were selected. From these different areas soil samples were collected and processed by using Baermann funnel technique to examine and calculate the percentage of saprophytic and parasitic nematode populations. From the results it had shown that samples from Mansehra and Balakot had more parasitic nematodes than saprophytic while samples from Oghi were found saprophytic. Tehsil Mansehra showed 65% whereas tehsil Balakot showed 35% population of parasitic nematodes. From Mansehra and Balakot, Helicotylenchus dihystera was found in profusion. For the management of parasitic nematodes inorganic amendment (Carbofuran) and organic amendments (Poultry manure) were used in 250 gram/tree and 8kg/ tree respectively. Samples and subsamples from both treated and untreated trees showed that Carbofuran exterminated the nematode population entirely whereas the population of parasitic nematodes decreased by the implementation of Poultry manure to a notable point. Histograms analysis and ANOVA was done. ANOVA showed that p value for both Carbofuran and Poultry manure impact in Mansehra and Balakot was 0.0001 and therefore was found significant. Thus both were found effective however Poultry manure is more eco-friendly in nature.
Screening and Prevalence Study of Diabetic Retinopathy in Multan, District of Pakistan: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Qurratul-ain Leghari  , Faiza Akhtar  , Shahzad Aslam  , Kiran Rafique  , Saba Majeed  , Saira Shanaz  , Mehwish Wajdi  , Arfa Akram  , Sharmeen Bawani
Published: November 2022

The present study was designed to assess the Screening and Prevalence study of Diabetic Retinopathy in Multan, district of Pakistan.

Materials & methods: In 2020, a medical camp has been placed and a retrospect study has been conducted in Muzaffargarh, Multan District, Punjab. 1150 people of age group between 45-65 years were examined, under the supervision of a pharmacist team.

 Results: Noting the BMI, blood sugar test was performed; patients having blood sugar level above the limit (125mg/dl) were considered as diabetic and further examined for diabetic retinopathy by performing fundoscopy. It was observed that around 45% of individuals were suffering from Diabetes highlighting almost 60% by male population. Upon further investigation, it was noticed that male population suffers more with diabetic retinopathy (71.77%) as compared to females i.e., 56.03%. Considering obesity and smoking as a risk factor, around 74% male population lied under extreme obese category whereas smoking was found more common in female population 80.55%. 

Conclusion: Diabetes affects many organs along with liver and kidneys. In n=1150 people, n=522 persons were tested positive for diabetes. Among 522 individuals’ male population was more affected with diabetic retinopathy. Smoking and obesity were the risk factors that are associated with disease.
Anti-Obesity Effect of Carom Seeds (Trachyspermum Ammi) Tea on Bmi and Lipid Profile Leading to Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Zubdah Yaqoob  , Muhammad Iqbal  , Asma Nouren  , Shaukat Sohail  , Mansoor Ali  , Taiba Fazal  , Misbah Rustam  , Zahoor Ahmed  , Nadia Saeed  , Qasim Saeed
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Obesity refers to the deposition of fat ratio in the fat tissues of muscles in which the BMI raised (obesity and hyperlipidemia) that may have a negative impact on health. Herbs from ancient times till today have been utilized as a solution for some infections and issues. Objectives: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the defensive impact of Carom seed (Trachyspermum ammi) against obesity and hyperlipidemia. Materials & Methods: Carom seed was acquired from the Faisalabad and was washed to expel the soil, dust, and outside materials clung to the test surface. The crude material was dried by utilizing an air forced draft oven. After planning, it was stuffed in water/airproof plastic containers and put away at 5 ± 1 °C until further analysis. Moreover, the blood samples were collected on 0-day, 15-day, 30-day, and 60-day by taking 15ml venous blood after a 12-hour night of fasting. Serum samples were separated by centrifugation and stored at -70?c until analysis. Low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured enzymatically. Concentrations of triglycerides and total cholesterol were measured by Peridochrom Triglyceride Kits. Sixteen subjects, separated into four groups were given carom seeds in the form of tea i.e. G0 (Control), G1 (500mg), G2 (1 mg) and G3 (1.5 mg) individually. This was an eight-week trial and all the parameters e.g. Body Mass Index, High-Density Lipid, Low-Density Lipid, Tri-Glycerides, and Total Cholesterol were measured at 0 days, 15 days, 30 days, and 60 days respectively. The yield data of carom seed tea for anti-obesity and anti-hyper-lipidemic effects obtained for each treatment were subjected to a paired t-test by using SPSS. Results:  The significant change has been observed between the groups with the relevance of treatments given. G0 showed no significant changes among all the groups while G2 and G3 reported considerable changes because of the dosage concentrations of carom seed tea i.e. 1g and 1.5g respectively (p<0.05).
Estimation of Suitable Climatic Niches for Different Cultivars of Mungbean ( Vigna radiate L.) through Morphologic Characters
Authors: Muhammad Ijaz  , Muhammad Sajjad Saeed  , Akash Zafar  , Imtiaz Ali  , Abid Ali  , Saadia  , Manzoor Hussain  , Bashir Ahmad  , Iqra Mumtaz  , Muhammad Zia ur Rehman  , Mashal Rehman  , Syed Waqar Hussain Shah
Published: November 2022

The present study was conducted at four different locations for the evaluation of mung bean (vigna radia L.) genotypes. It was shown that all of the genotypes performed better in producing yield at Sarghoda region of Pakistan. The mung bean genotype MPP-15039 performed highest in Sarghoda region and produce high yield in all other three location of the Pakistan in comparison with other genotypes. In Faisalabad region all the genotypes performed on second number in producing mung bean yield as compared to other region. The production of the genotypes was on third position at Sialakot followed by Faroqabad. It was also depicted from the study that the genotypes producing more pods also produced more yield. The Genotype MPP-15039 was producing more pods in Sargodha region and it produced more yield. The genotypes producing less number of the pods also produce low yield as in MPP-15002 as shown in graph 3.
The Relationship of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in Females Associated with Endometriosis
Authors: Sumera Noor  , Tahir Muhammad  , Mateen-Ur- Rehman  , Bushra Sayyed  , Shahid Noor  , Jan Ubaidullah  , Tahir Maqbool  , Rana Muhammad Athar Azeem Shams
Published: November 2022

Endometriosis is considered as debilitating condition that characterized by formation of endometrial tissue outside the uterus that consequently adversely impact the female fertility. Number of factors are involved that mediates the gynecological pathology of endometriosis, however the relationship of endometriosis with oxidative stress and inflammatory need to investigate. In this study, we selected female of age 21-27 years associated with endometriosis and performed detailed hematological profile. Our data indicated that the hematological profile of patients associated with endometriosis was highly disrupted compared to healthy control females. Number of hematological parameters including RBCs, WBCs, HB, platelets and overall bilirubin level was abnormal in endometritis patients. In addition, we also determined the level of oxidative stress by using the expression profile of different oxidant and anti-oxidant genes through spectrophotometric examination. We found elevated level of MDA and reduced expressions of SOD, GSH, and CAT in patients associated with endometriosis relative to healthy patients that suggest the increased oxidative stress level. Furthermore, different vitamins including, VIT A, VIT C, VIT E, and VIT D level was also reduced in patients of endometriosis. Collectively, our data suggest that hematological profile and oxidative stress of patients associated with endometriosis was highly disruptive and these differential biomarkers may be the useful to diagnose the endometriosis patients and also beneficial for developing treatment strategies.
Application of Mitscherlich–Bray Equation for Fertilizer Use on Raya
Authors: Abid Ali  , Wajiha Anum  , Liaquat Ali  , Nadia Manzoor  , Syed Waqar Hussain Shah  , Asad-ur Rehman Ch  , Sher Afzal  , Muhammad Islam  , Basharat Ali  , Lal Hussain Akhtar  , Ghulam Nabi
Published: November 2022

Raya (Brassica juncea L.) as an imperative oilseed crop, necessitates a judicious amount of fertilizers for its sufficient yield, however the soils in Pakistan are becoming nutrient scarce owing to extensive farming. In order to evaluate the accurate fertilizer requirement for potential raya yields, an experiment was conducted at Regional agricultural research institute, Bahawalpur, Pakistan during the years 2018-2020. Various combinations of NPK fertilizers were made and applied to Raya crop. The treatments were T1 (0-0-0 NPK kg/ha), T2 (0-60-60 NPK kg/ha) ,T3 (60-60-60 NPK kg/ha), T4 (90-60-60 NPK kg/ha), T5 (120-60-60 NPK kg/ha), T6 (90-0-60 NPK kg/ha), T7 (90-30-60 NPK kg/ha), T8 (90-90-60 NPK kg/ha),T9 (90-60-0 NPK kg/ha), T10 (90-60-30 NPK kg/ha) and T11 (90-60-90 NPK kg/ha). Subsequently, fertilizer recommendations were made on the basis of Mitscherlich-Bray equation. Theoretical maximum yield of Raya was obtained by plotting log y (grain yield) versus 1/x (amount of nutrient applied). The results showed that Soil have 10 kg (P ha?1) would need 125 kg Phosphorus oxide per hectare fertilizer to attain 90% grain yield. Moreover it was concluded that recommended dose of fertilizer for Raya was less in comparison to that achieved through application of Mitscherlich-Bray equation. From these results, it is crucial to assess the 90%maximum yield by implementing the formula prior to conducting of field trials in order to enhance economic outputs and to balance the nutrients in soils.
Nutritional Profile of Different Rangelands Plant Species Grazed by Small and Large Ruminants in Balochistan
Authors: Reki Muhammad Yaseen , Abro Rani , Marghazani Illahi , Mughal Gulfam Ali , Sasoli Muhammad Afzal , Khaskhali Abdul kareem , Ahmed Shafiq , Esot Ghulam Farooq , Qadir Ayaz , Babar Hilal Ahmad Abbasi  , Tahir Hameed
Published: November 2022

This study conducted to know the nutrients composition of different rangelands plant species (grasses, herbs, shrubs, and trees) grazed by small and large ruminants in Lasbela region, Balochistan. Fifteen different rangeland plant species were collected from three different areas of Lasbela region and botanically identified by panel as Salvadora persica L,  Prospis Juliflora,  Suaeda fruticosa,  Conolulus glomeratus Choisyin,  Calotropis Procera,  Prospis Juliflora,  Cressa Cretica L, Sehoenus Nigricans L,  Datura Alba Solanaceae,  Taverniera Spartea,  Abutilon Muticuin,  Heliotropium Curassavicum, Prosopis Cineraria,  Ziziphus Mauritiana and  Cynodon Dactylon. The  dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose, cell soluble (SC) and organic matter (OM) contents were determined according to the standard procedures. Data collected on nutritive profile of all collected rangeland plant species were statistically analyzed and significance difference was measured among collected rangeland plant species.
Plant Growth Promoting Potential of Rhizobacteria Isolated from Cannabis Sativa L.
Authors: Iqra Bano  , Tanveer Sana , Ali Basharat
Published: November 2022

In current study, PGPRs (Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria) were isolated from the rhizospheric soil of Cannabis sativa and assessed for their potential of auxin biosynthesis and enhancement of growth of Vigna mungo. Strains identified on account of morphological characteristics and Gram’s staining were confirmed by 16S rRNA gene analysis for final taxonomic status. Nine bacterial strains showed similarity with genus Bacillus while B16 and B17 showed similarity with Serratia marcescens and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, respectively. Colorimetric analysis of bacterial culture supernatants revealed the auxin synthesis and production ability of the isolated strains at 0 and 500 µg ml-1 concentrations of L-tryptophan. At 500 µg ml-1 L-tryptophan concentration, B. subtilis (B15), S. maltophilia (B17) and B. subtilis (B11) produced significant levels of 217.1, 197.3 and 116.4 µg ml-1 auxin, respectively (P<0.05). In vitro rooting assay manifested a significant increase of 60% and 84% in root length with B. subtilis (B15) and B. subtilis (B11) over control, respectively (P<0.05). For pot trials seeds of Vigna mungo treated with bacterial strains single cultures were evaluated for their ability to enhance plant growth. For shoot length, P. aryabhattai (B9) and B. licheniformis (B3) recorded 75% and 74% increases, respectively, over control (P<0.05). For fresh weight, B. subtilis (B5) and P. aryabhattai (B9) showed 33% significant improvements, over control (P<0.05). While B. subtilis (B5) exhibited 31% increase in dry weight, in comparison with control (P<0.05). The results demonstrate that bacterial strains isolated from C. sativa can synthesize auxin and thus promote the growth of V. mungo.
Prevalence and Taxonomic Identification of Ectoparasites (Ticks) Collected from Sheep in Sinjawi (Ziarat) Balochistan Pakistan
Authors: Sadia Jaffar  , Nosheen Rafiq  , M. Naseem Jaffar  , Hina Ali Ahmed  , Naheed Sajjad  , Zil-E-Huma Butt  , Shahab-ud-Din Kakar  , Ghulam Mustafa Khan  , Tahseen Ara  , Kiran Aslam  , Hasil Khan Baloch  , Sundas Tariq  , Ambreen Ejaz
Published: November 2022

Ticks are ectoparasites (Hematophagous) of wild and domestic animals. These are hazardous especially livestock industry all around the world, most of ticks species have been caused huge economic losses to domestic animals as well as livestock industry. The current study was conducted to check the prevalence and taxonomic identification of species of tick in Tehsil Sinjawi. In 2020 to 2021 species such as Rhipicephalus and Hyalomma belonging to two genera were collected and identified. During current study results, the most Dominance specie Rhipicephalus sanguineus (n=180) was found in sheep while female sheep (n=74) were highly infested as compare to male sheep (n=47). Proper control measures are needed for tick infestation and prevalence in study area.
Poor Apgar Score of Neonates Born to the Females Presenting with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension for Delivery
Authors: Mehnaz Gondal  , Bushra Sayyed  , Rabia Wajid  , Ayesha Inayat  , Robina Kosar  , Sofia Tariq
Published: November 2022

Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) is defined as BP ? 140/90 mmHg, taken after a period of rest on two occasions or ?160/110 mmHg on one occasion in a previously normotensive woman. One of the most important aspects is the outcome of pregnancy with PIH. Poor Apgar score is commonly observed in females with PIH. So we conducted this study to find the extent of problem in local population. Objective: To assess the frequency of poor Apgar score of neonates born to the females presenting with pregnancy induced hypertension at term (37-41 weeks) for delivery.

Study Design: Descriptive case series. Setting: Unit 4, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Lahore. Duration of Study: 6 months after approval of synopsis i.e. from: 09-11-2021 to 10-05-2022 Patients. Methods: 125 pregnant females with PIH were followed till delivery by researcher herself. After delivery, neonate was assessed for Apgar score at 1 & 5 minutes, if <7, then it was labeled as poor Apgar score. All this information was recorded on proforma. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.

Results: The mean age of patients was 30.50±6.22years. The mean gestational age was 39.78±1.66weeks. The mean BMI was 26.99±5.13kg/m2. There were n=59 (47.2%) male neonates while n=66 (52.8%) female neonates. The mean Apgar score at 1minute was 7.29±1.36 while at 5minutes was 7.70±1.29. Poor Apgar score was noted in n=19 (15.2%) neonates while n=106 (84.8%) neonates had normal Apgar score. Conclusion: The frequency of poor Apgar score (at 1 minute and continuously <7 at 5 minutes) was 15.2% in neonates born to females with PIH. The neonates with poor Apgar Score were admitted to NICU and were managed according to standard hospital protocol
Lepidochitona granpoderi sp. nov. (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from the Atlantic coast of Morocco
Authors: Dell’Angelo B. , Sirenko B.I. , Anseeuw B.
Published: November 2022

A new chiton species, Lepidochitona granpoderi sp. nov., is described from the Atlantic coast of Morocco. It differs from other congeners in having 5–7 very short vestiges of ribs converging apically on the dorsal girdle corpuscules and longitudinal rows of granules converging to jugum in the central and antemucronal areas of the valves.