bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deciphering nasal septum deviation: Computed tomography insights into age and gender trends for optimized clinical care
Authors: Shalini Sharma  , Garima Sehgal  , Noor Us Saba  , Jyoti Chopra  , Gopal Tiwari
Published: August 2024

Background: Deviation of the nasal septum (DNS) is defined as any deviation of the septum from the midline and is one of the most common variations of the sinonasal anatomy.
Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to observe the prevalence of DNS and its relation with age, gender, and sidedness.
Materials and Methods: Sinonasal computed tomographic images of 100 subjects obtained from the Department of Radiodiagnosis, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, UP, in the period August 2013–July 2014 were analyzed to determine the prevalence of DNS and its relation with age, gender, and sidedness.
Results: Of a total of 100 subjects, normal midline nasal septum was seen in 27 subjects whereas 73 subjects (73%) displayed a deviation in its position. The prevalence of nasal septal deviation (NSD) was significantly higher in females (84.21%) as compared to males (66.13%) (P=0.048). We also compared the prevalence of NSD in different age groups and found it to be higher in subjects aged >46 years (83.33%) as compared to other age groups but this difference was not found to be statistically significant (P=0.619).
Conclusion: Nasal septu the septum toward the right. No correlation between age intervals and prevalence of DNS was found.
Adherence to the post-exposure prophylaxis among animal bite patients attending rabies clinic at tertiary care hospital – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shivasharan HN  , Chaitra Ramesh Chavan  , Neeta PN  , Sameena ARB  , Suresh CM  , Ramesh K  , Ananthachari KR
Published: August 2024

Background: Rabies is an acute and 100% fatal viral disease transmitted to humans through the bite or lick of an infected animal. It can be successfully prevented if a complete course of anti-rabies vaccine (ARV) is taken following an animal bite. The present study reveals the compliance of animal bite victims to post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP).
Aims and Objectives: The objectives of the study are as follows:(1) To determine the adherence to PEP among animal bite victims and factors influencing it.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective record-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the anti-rabies clinic of VIMS Hospital Ballari. Information regarding sociodemographic variables, animal bite history, category of bite, treatment received, and completion of ARV schedule of all the animal bite cases were collected from the animal bite register and treatment card during the period from July 2023 to December 2023.
Results: Out of the total 350 animal bite victims, all of them received the first dose of vaccine, 86.28% completed two doses, 72% completed three doses, and only 51.14% completed the schedule by taking all four doses, 37% of them completed the schedule without any delay, 14% delayed one or more doses, and the rest 49% did not complete the schedule.
Conclusion: Adherence to PEP is a dire necessity as rabies is a fatal disease. Counseling the animal bite victims about the importance of adhering to the complete PEP schedule at the time of administering the first dose of vaccine is crucial.
Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on the expression of hormone receptors and Ki-67 in patients with locally advanced breast cancer
Authors: Aanchal Gupta  , Renuka Verma  , Nisha Marwah  , Sanjeev Parshad  , Priyanka Verma  , Sunita Singh
Published: August 2024

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) affects the tumor protein marker’s expression and status. Changes in the expression of biomarkers during NACT may influence the clinical decision of adjuvant molecular and hormonal therapy. Hence, re-evaluation of receptor status has to be done after NACT to give a specific adjuvant therapy for patient benefit.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to study the status of hormone receptors (HRs) – estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor (Her-2/Neu), and Ki-67 in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) in both core needle biopsies and post-mastectomy specimens after administering neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Pathology in collaboration with the Department of Surgery, Pt B D Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak, for a period of 1 year. The study comprised 52 patients with LABC who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 20 control cases who did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Each case comprised two specimens: Trucut biopsy and a mastectomy specimen.
Results: ER changed from positive to negative in 15.4% of the cases and from negative to positive in 1.9% of the cases. The overall change in ER was statistically significant (P=0.020). For PR, 9.6% of the cases changed from positive to negative while none of the cases showed change from negative to positive. The overall change in PR was statistically significant (P=0.025). For HER2/Neu, 19.2% of the cases changed from positive to negative, and 11.5% of the cases changed from negative to positive. The overall change in HER2/Neu was not statistically significant (P=0.317). For Ki-67, 30% of patients changed from positive to negative while 11.5% of patients changed from negative to positive. The overall change in Ki-67 was statistically significant (P=0.024).
Conclusion: There was discordance in the HR status and proliferation marker after NACT in patients with breast cancer. The administration of NACT might be the main reason for the change in receptor status thus understanding the chemotherapy-induced biological conversion in the tumor cell behavior is strategically important in planning adjuvant endocrine therapy and for disease follow-up.
Bilirubin not just a routine parameter plays an important role in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Santanu Sen  , Surajit Lahiri  , Saurav Dey  , Swati Bhattacharyya
Published: August 2024

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health burden in India as well as throughout the world. Imbalance between antioxidant defense and oxidative stress plays a major role in this multifactorial disorder. Recent studies have shown that serum total bilirubin plays an important role in the progression of CKD.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study is to estimate serum total bilirubin, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urea, creatinine and to find out whether there is correlation between serum total bilirubin, eGFR, and different stages of CKD.
Materials and Methods: The study is conducted in the department of biochemistry after getting ethical clearance. Two hundred and sixty-nine samples of controls and cases of CKD collected. Serum total bilirubin, urea, and creatinine were calculated in autoanalyzer using standard protocol. eGFR is calculated using a standard formula.
Results: There is a significant positive correlation (spearman’s correlation r=0.196, P=0.001) between serum total bilirubin and eGFR value. There is also a significant negative correlation (r=−0.239, P<0.0001) between serum total bilirubin and stages of CKD. Median value of serum urea is also high in cases compared to control.
Conclusion: The serum bilirubin may be an important biomarker in the pathogenesis of CKD.
A cross-sectional analysis on the patterns and prevalence of anxiety, stress, and depression in patients at diagnosis with cancers of the oral cavity: A single institutional study
Authors: Roy Sharmistha , Debottam Barman  , Nitu Mallik  , Snigdha Hazra  , Asit Ranjan Deb  , Samik Pramanik
Published: August 2024

Background: It is a truth universally acknowledged that the diagnosis of cancer is a huge stress for both individuals and families. While many psychosocial variables have been shown to influence the mental well-being, these factors are so complicated and interlinked with each other, that their integrated effect on oral cancer patients, who constitute a large morbid group of patients, is yet to be recognized.
Aims and Objectives: The present research work aims to find more about the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among patients with cancers of the oral cavity and work out on some key potentially predictive factors associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out for patients of oral cancer, attending the radiation oncology out-patient department (OPD) at Medical college, Kolkata, between April 2022 and March 2023, a 1-year period. A total of 89 patients with oral cancer were interviewed with questionnaires on demographic variables, depression anxiety stress scale 21, and National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer. Chi-square tests and Spearman Correlation tests were conducted where appropriate to explore relationships between different variables.
Results: The prevalence of stress symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and depressive symptoms was 44% (39/89), 60% (53/89), and 84% (75/89), respectively, among the patients interviewed. Addiction history of the patients was an important association found in this study.
Conclusion: The prevalence of stress and depressive symptoms was high among the oral cancer patients attending the Radiation Oncology OPD at our institution as well as levels of anxiety. Certain social variables such as relationship with spouse, children, and other family members had a profound effect on the mental well-being of the patients. Furthermore, certain factors such as addiction to tobacco and its different forms reduced the coping up capability of the patients.
Sufferings, Resilience, and Triumph over Despair in Linda Sue Park’s A Long Walk to Water
Authors: Shrestha Kumar
Published: August 2024

This research paper explores the plights of the refugees and their experiences in the place of origin, during the journey and in the host country, which are similar and caused by the same entity of state sovereignty and the use of state of exception in the text A Long Walk to Water. The civil war in Sudan compels Salva and many Sudanese people to leave their home country and live the very painful lives. Their plight is generally universal plight of every asylum seeker. In A Long Walk to Water, Salva starts facing a new set of obstacles after leaving his home country, Sudan and continues even in the host country. Despite the daunting obstacles, Salva's extraordinary resilience, determination, and willingness to adapt enables him to overcome his sufferings. This research paper finally argues that the problems of the right less/stateless people will have to be addressed by creating an unshakable framework by combining ideas of universal right to the political space with ethics of unconditional hospitality. Towards a creating an equal space for every individual, Hannah Ardent’s rights to have right, Kant’s universal hospitality and Derrida’s unconditional hospitality can be instrumental to minimize the sufferings of the refugees in this world. To improve and alleviate the sufferings of refugees, their rights will have to come from their equal access to the political space and legalization of their rights will have to be guided by humanitarian perspectives.
Exploring Psychological Realism in Bijay Malla’s “Sunglasses” and “The Prisoner and the Dove”
Authors: Budhathoki Mahendra Kumar
Published: August 2024

This article explores psychological realism in Bijay Malla’s two stories: “The Prisoner and the Dove” and “Sunglasses.” The study addresses how the characters construct certain thoughts, emotions, and feelings in their minds after observing and experiencing real-world events and conditions. It analyzes the psyches, thoughts, and psychological intricacies of individuals in lifelike situations in Malla’s stories from the viewpoint of psychological realism. The methodology involves a detailed analysis of Malla’s narrative techniques and character portrayals, using the theoretical framework of psychological realism to interpret the mental and emotional states of the characters. By examining the intricacies of the characters’ inner lives and their responses to their environments, the study aims to uncover the psychological depth in the stories. It reveals that Malla effectively presents photographic images of characters’ minds and psyches in both stories. In “Sunglasses,” Malla portrays the contradictory mental state of the narrator after observing his wife’s relationship with another man. In “The Prisoner and the Dove,” Malla presents the psyches and mindsets of political prisoners in jail. These two stories depict the protagonists’ contradictions and complex psyches within contemporary socio-cultural and political environments.
Utopia in Dystopia: Presentation of the Landscape in Cormac McCarthy’s The Road
Authors: Sharma Prakash
Published: August 2024

This paper explores the presentation of the utopian landscape in a dystopian world to impart the message of optimism in Cormac McCarthy’s novel The Road employing the theoretical ideas of ecocriticism focusing on the environmental apocalypse trend. The text as post-apocalyptic fiction presents the earth near destruction in relation to humans, animals and plants world after a frightening apocalypse.  The two unnamed characters journey through the desolate landscape in search of safety. The landscape is full of silence and lifelessness, frightening and unfriendly for survival that tells a terrifying tale indeed. At the same time, the landscape is presented as a major component of the theme. More than that landscape itself is a text that needs interpretation as it has multiple possibilities. The world of the novel is dominated by a dystopian landscape. However, within that deadly world, the world of dream and memory is full of utopian landscape. This contrastive presentation seems purposeful. It is to keep the strand of hope and aware readers about the negative consequences, which the anthropocentric invasion to the natural system invites. Following qualitative research design, this paper uses textual analysis method to interpret the text with the critical ideas of Lawrence Buell related to the environmental apocalypse trend.
Ghãtu: Femininity and Indigenous Aesthetics
Authors: Gurung Raj Kumar
Published: August 2024

Ghãtu is a cultural capital that explores the esteem of femininity and Indigenous aesthetics. Despite its aesthetic value, the main theme is sati custom, the over-exploitation of females. This tribal festival does not only belong to Gurung or Magar. Its horizon is up to Tamang, Dura, Darai, Baram and Aryal Kshetri in central and mid-western Nepal. All of them observe with almost similar methods and rituals. Except for Aryal Kshetri, other Indigenous groups claim that it is their hereditical cultural activity. The slow-motion meditative trance dance and melodious verses of songs represent the aesthetic beauty of Nepali folk music and folklore. The study concerns why ethnic groups adopted Ghãtu and the significance of implications of this cultural activity. The ethnic groups adopted it for its zeal for music. The study's implication is to internalize this folk dance as a source of social integration, human relations, teamwork, music and folk literature, and a goldmine of cultural studies research works. Now, Ghãtu is a common cultural capital and a central stone of indigenous aesthetics and cultural studies. This study aims to project how this cultural activity represents a common cultural heritage like the Chhath festival. The findings of the study show that maintaining integral human relations is impossible until or unless society respects femininity and cultural values. So, culture, language, rites and rituals, and dresses are common, if the mass accepts it. Gender discrimination is another focal point, and there has not been research on how Ghãtu has been the archive and cultural heritage. The study employs document analysis and feminist theories.
Gorkhas’ Recruitment into British Army: A Historical Overview
Authors: Rai Ram Prasad
Published: August 2024

This article presents a historical overview and analysis of the Gorkhas’ recruitment into the British Army over more than 200 years. The study examines the evolution of the recruitment process, highlighting key periods and changes: the era of the East India Company before 1886, the World War periods, and the present day. The research investigates how the bravery, dedication, and loyalty of Nepalese youths during the Anglo-Nepal Wars (1814-16) led to British authorities encouraging Gorkhali youths to join the British Army, aiming to leverage their skills for future wars and imperial expansion. Despite their valor, Gorkhas faced numerous challenges, and significant improvements in recruitment conditions did not occur until after 1886. Even then, parental consent was a significant barrier. It was not until the 1970s that Gorkha youths openly expressed a desire to join, but by then, the selection process had become much tougher due to decreased demand for their services. Employing a qualitative research approach, the article utilizes a variety of sources including books on Britain-Nepal military relations, journal articles, periodicals, and war history books from Nepal, Britain, and other relevant regions to provide a comprehensive analysis. The study’s findings indicate that the recruitment process was particularly challenging before 1886 and during the World Wars, despite a high demand for Gorkha soldiers. In the present day, while the recruitment process is more transparent, opportunities for Gorkhas have significantly diminished due to a reduced demand for their services.
Malignant Melanoma of Foot with Brain Metastasis – Case report
Authors: Thapa Dinesh Kumar , Singh Sunil , Tamrakar Karki Karuna , Rai Ujwal , Shrestha Manmohan
Published: August 2024

Melanoma is a rare type of skin cancer which has a strong correlation between occurrence and exposure to sun ultraviolet radiation. Though being uncommon, it has the highest mortality rate of all skin cancers. The patients with advanced disease may have higher mortality rates. The formation and development of melanoma metastases to brain are not fully understood. The most accepted way is the presence of oncogenic BRAF mutation, which occurs in up to 50% of metastatic melanoma patients. There was a lower survival rate in metastatic melanoma before detailed pathophysiology was understood. There are new research going on immunotherapy and targeted therapy to improve the prognosis of melanoma patients. Hereby, we would like to present a case of melanoma of foot with distant metastasis to brain.
Combustion characteristics of crude tyre blends fuel in compression ignition engine
Authors: Ghimire Subodh , Karn Rupesh Lal , Bhatta Khem Raj , Adhikari Surya Prasad
Published: August 2024

With the rise of automobile vehicles, the number of scrap tyres has been increasing rapidly. Proper management of waste tyre is challenging work for any country. Tyre oil possesses a greater potential of using as a substitute for conventional diesel. The investigation was made on the effects of blends of waste tyre fuel on combustion characteristics such as cylinder pressure (CP), net heat release rate (NHR), cumulative heat release (CHR), ignition delay (IGD), exhaust gas temperature (EGT), and % heat equivalent to brake power (HBP). It was found that crude tyre fuel has a low cetane index which affects the combustion characteristics. The two sample of test fuel were prepared by adding 5% crude tyre fuel to 95% diesel fuel (5BTF) and 10% crude tyre fuel to 90% diesel fuel (10BTF) by volume and their performance and emission characteristics were studied in a single cylinder four stroke diesel engine. For 10BTF, peak CP was reduced by 6.69%, IGD increased by 10.85%, NHR increased by 19.33% and there was a small difference in EGT with diesel. The opacity value of the blends of tyre fuel was found within the emission standard of Nepal. It is concluded that a blend of crude tyre pyrolysis oil up to 5% by volume with diesel shows similar combustion characteristics as that of diesel.
Knowledge and Attitude on Learning Disabilities among Selected Primary School Teachers in Madi, Chitwan
Authors: Thapa Asha , Dhakal Bijaya , Lamichhane Rama Kumari , Khatri Anjana
Published: August 2024

Backround: Learning disabilities (LD) represent a heterogeneous group of disorders manifested by significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities. Teachers play a pivotal role in identifying the child with LD and many aspects of treatment planning and implementation. This study aimed to find out the knowledge regarding learning disabilities among primary teachers of Madi Municipality, Chitwan.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 105 primary teachers from 10 government schools in Madi Municipality, Chitwan. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was used to select the sample. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 26, using descriptive statistics.
Results: Among 105 respondents, 66.7 % were age group between 30-49 years. Regarding knowledge, 9.5%, 53.3%, and 37.2% of respondents had adequate, moderate, and inadequate level knowledge on learning disabilities respectively.
Conclusion: Adequate knowledge on learning disabilities found to be low among respondents. The study highlights the necessity for targeted professional development programs for enhancing teachers' knowledge on learning disabilities, so that children can do well in school and have fulfilling lives in the future.
Advancing Knowledge: IJSIRT's Latest Research Insights
Authors: Pradhan Bijay Lal
Published: August 2024

The second volume of the International Journal of Silkroad Institute of Research and Training (IJSIRT) continues to explore and share new knowledge. The first volume covered diverse research topics, including public health, economic policies, and healthcare practices. IJSIRT aims to support researchers by providing a platform for sharing findings and fostering interdisciplinary conversations. The current volume focuses on Biomedical Science. The journal encourages engagement and submissions from researchers to build a vibrant, inclusive community that drives innovation and addresses complex global challenges.

 

 
4o
Role of Farmers' Cooperatives in Income Generation: A Study of Chitwan District
Authors: Dhakal Chandra Prasad
Published: August 2024

The farmer cooperatives are the kinds of cooperative that only farmers are involved to run the cooperative and the purpose of the cooperatives is to work for the wellbeing for farmers. The study focuses on role of farmers' cooperative in income generation. Main objectives of the study analyzed the situation of farmers' cooperatives of Chitwan and their activities related to income generation of the members. The study followed descriptive method and data were analyzed both qualitative and quantitative research design. Conclusion of this study was based on primary data. In Chitwan only 15% cooperatives were related to farmers' cooperatives and these cooperatives have no enough capital and investment, however, the attempt of cooperative in income generating was excellence. Income generating activities of the cooperatives created new hope among the members. Profit of the cooperatives showed that those cooperatives were in a right track and in future the cooperatives can be played more effective role in income generation.
A Pilot Study Approach to Assessing the Reliability and Validity of Relevancy and Efficacy Survey Scale
Authors: Khanal Bishnu , Chhetri Deb Bahadur
Published: August 2024

This paper is based on the pilot study that aims to assess the reliability and validity of the attitude measurement scale towards the relevance of mathematical knowledge of real analysis for secondary-level mathematics instruction. Research tool validation and reliability estimation are challenging due to the complexity of its procedure. This study establishes procedural guidance for piloting and tool validation. The survey method was used to conduct the pilot study. Thirty participants filled in the 45 indicators of relevance measurement and 10 mathematical efficacy measurement indicators. The reliability was assessed with Cronbach's Alpha formula while the validity of the questionnaire was examined through item-total correlation with each item by using Pearson's formula. The content validity index was also calculated based on the expert judgment method. The reliability indicator was found to be more than 0.70 and the validity indicator falls in the acceptable range. Therefore, developed scale is valid and reliable to measure the teachers' attitudes on the relevancy of mathematical knowledge of real analysis of school's mathematics instruction based on pilot study results. Furthermore, this study guides the pilot study procedure for survey research and especially benefits those looking to validate their Likert-type survey scale in any research.
Effect of International Trade on the Economic Growth of Nepal
Authors: Acharya Maya
Published: August 2024

The study explores the relationship between exports, imports, remittance, and economic growth of Nepal for the 1974/75 to 2021/22 fiscal year. Descriptive and analytical research designs were employed on time series data obtained from secondary sources. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test, co-integration technique, and Error Correction Model (ECM) were employed for empirical investigation. The impact of exports, imports, and remittances on economic growth was analyzed through the ordinary least square regression method for the long run relationship. The result reveals the existence of a long-run relationship between imports, remittances, and gross domestic product. The effect of exports and imports was statistically significant on the economic growth of Nepal and the effects of remittance was statistically insignificant on economic growth. The result emphasizes that the Government should ensure the export promotion policies to achieve Nepal's high and sustainable economic growth by investing in trade infrastructure and export subsidies and creating a favorable environment that encourages using remittance money to support productive sectors of the economy.
Comparison of Academic Performances of Students among Various Ethnic Groups in Godawari Municipality
Authors: Giri Gita
Published: August 2024

Ethnic groups are fundamental unit of social system. Ethnicity is the source of the person’s self-actualization. This research is based on the perception of Nepali society that Brahmin/Chhetri and male students are higher education achievers. The study aimed to compare differences in academic performances of students among various ethnic groups (Brahmin/Chhetri vs non-Brahmin/Chhetri) and gender (male vs female). Data consisted examination result related with pre-board examination held in Jana Bhawana Campus since 2015 to 2022. Results of those students who have participated fully were considered. Data analysis was done using SPSS 20. Data are presented using descriptive statistics tools like percentage, mean and standard deviation. Academic performance results are presented by using percentage, t-tests and p-values. The finding showed that there are no differences in academic performance among Brahmin/Chhetri and non-Brahmin/Chhetri students whereas significance difference exists between male and female, where female students outperformed male. Awareness in education learning behavior and reducing in absenteeism can help in gaining academic success.
Perceptions of Secondary Level English Teachers on In-Service Teacher Training: A Narrative Inquiry
Authors: Timalsina Sanjaya
Published: August 2024

Teacher training is one of the major components of continuous professional development (CPD) which makes the teacher stay updated and informed regarding the innovative pedagogy and methodology. In-service teacher training is a systematized planning or program through which teachers refresh or upgrade their professional knowledge, skills, and practice. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of secondary-level English teachers on in-service teacher training. The study assessed the perception of the teacher towards in-service teacher training. The study adopted a narrative inquiry methodology. Five participants were selected purposively from Godawari Municipality, Lalitpur. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and after transcribing, translating, and classifying them, the data were analyzed thematically. Self-efficacy theory developed by Albert Bandura has been applied to analyze the study. The findings of the study indicated that teachers were positive towards in-service teacher training. They opined that in-service training supported them in their professional development to conduct different hands-on activities effectively in their classrooms, and after this school-based training, they updated themselves with innovative pedagogy and methodology. The teachers demanded regular in-service training based on their needs. Further, teachers focused on ICT-based teacher training rather than theory-laden conventional training but they were not satisfied with the top-down approach of in-service teachers training packages. The study concludes that research needs to be carried out on the impacts on students' performance through teacher training.
Ransomware Detection Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Chaudhary Indra , Adhikari Suyash
Published: August 2024

The proliferation of ransomware attacks is a critical cybersecurity threat that organizations globally face. This situation necessitates effective prevention and mitigation strategies. These malicious programs encrypt data and extort payments, impacting various industries. They highlight the urgent need for robust defense mechanisms. Despite advancements in machine learning for ransomware detection, there is a notable gap in the comparative analysis of individual algorithms such as Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). This study aims to fill the gap by providing a comparative analysis of these algorithms. It focuses on using the UG Ransome dataset and key metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure. The experiments were conducted using Python. The results demonstrate that the Decision Tree outperforms SVM and MLP across all metrics. It achieves an accuracy of 98.83%, precision of 99.41%, recall of 99.41%, and F-measure of 99.41%. SVM and MLP, on the other hand, achieved lower scores. These results highlight the Decision Tree's superior performance in capturing non-linear data relationships, which is crucial for ransomware detection. The major contribution of this study is the identification of the Decision Tree as a highly effective model for ransomware detection. It significantly outperforms other models. The findings suggest that the Decision Tree's ability to model complexities within the data makes it a robust and reliable tool for safeguarding systems against ransomware attacks. Future research should explore the Decision Tree's performance across diverse ransomware datasets, integrate ensemble learning, investigate adversarial machine learning techniques, and enhance real-time detection methods. These efforts will improve the robustness and applicability of machine learning-based ransomware detection systems.
गेस्टापो उपन्यासमा अभिघात
Authors: Dhakal Rajani
Published: August 2024

प्रस्तुत अध्ययन ‘गेस्टापो’ उपन्यासमा चित्रित मनोशारीरिक चोट अर्थात् अभिघातको विश्लेषणमा केन्द्रित छ । कृष्ण धरावासीको ‘गेस्टापो’ उपन्यासमा विश्वयुद्धको विभीषिका र त्यसबाट पीडित युरोपेली समाजको चित्रण छ । दोस्रो विश्वयुद्धको आघातका केन्द्रमा लेखिएको यस उपन्यासको विषय र चरित्रमा अभिघातपरक प्रस्तुति छ । पाठपरक विश् लेषणविधिमा लेखिएको यस लेखमा अभिघातको अध्ययनका लागि उपन्यासमा अभिघातको प्रतिनिधित्व र अभिघातको अवस्था तथा प्रभावका आधारमा ‘गेस्टापो’ उपन्यासको विषयगत सन्दर्भ र पात्रका मनोदशाको विश् लेषण गरिएको छ । दोस्रो विश् वयुद्धमा हिटलरको अहंका कारण जातीय संहार गरिएका यहुदीको अवस्था, युद्धको समय र युद्धपछिको जर्मन समाज र त्यहाँका नागरिकको विदीर्ण मानसिकता यस उपन्यासको मूल कथ्य सन्दर्भ हो । यस उपन्यासमा युद्धले सिर्जना गरेका हिंसाका अनेक रूप चित्रित छन् । प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा युद्धका कारण चोटग्रस्त भएको मन र शरीरको अनेक अभिघातलाई चिनाउने क्रममा उपन्यासका समाख्याता हैम्बर्ग पात्रलगायत युद्धले प्रत्यक्ष प्रभाव पारेका पात्रहरूको मनोशारीरिक चोटको विश् लेषण गर्दै ती आघातले पात्रका जीवनमा उत्पन्न भएको असामान्यता, विसङ्गत अवस्था र निराशाको विश् लेषण गरिएको छ । उपन्यासका घटना तथा पात्रहरूको मनोशारीरिक अवस्थाको अध्ययनबाट युद्ध मानव जीवनका लागि आघातपूर्ण, भयावह र निराशाजनक नै हुन्छ भन्ने निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
Pengembangan Sistem Self Ordering Mimi Cakes and Cookies Berbasis Web Dengan Metode Rapid Application Development (RAD)
Authors: Herdiansah Arief , Ramadhani Ryan Zulham , Mahpud Mahpud , Frithadila Najmah
Published: August 2024

Sistem pencatatan pemesanan makanan manual dapat menimbulkan kesalahan dalam pencatatan pesanan, terjadinya kehilangan data dan memerlukan waktu cukup banyak dalam proses pencatatan dan pelaporan pesanan. Pemasaran produk yang dilakukan melalui media sosial mengharuskan penjual meng-upload foto-foto produk satu per satu agar dapat dilihat pembeli, hal tersebut lebih merepotkan apabila proses pemesanan dilakukan dengan konvensional. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian terapan pengembangan sistem informasi order makanan    dengan konsep self-ordering bias jadi alternatif solusi menjadi pengganti sistem order makanan konvensional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di UMKM Mimi Cakes & Cookies yang saat ini masih menggunakan metode konvensional dalam proses pencatatan pemesanan pre-ordermakanan yang dijualnya. Penelitian dijalankan menggunakan metode pembangunan Rapid Application Development (RAD). Sistem dikembangkan dengan bahasa pemprograman PHP Framework Codelgniter dengan text editor VS Code. Hasil pengembangan system diuji mengunakan metode pengujian kotak hitam. Hasil dari penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah sistem pre-order berkonsep self-ordering berbasis Web yang dapat memberikan solusi atas masalah pencatatan dan pelaporan pemesanan pada UMKM Mimi Cakes & Cookies.
PRESTASI PRAKTIK KERJA INDUSTRI DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATA PELAJARAN KEWIRAUSAHAAN TERHADAP MINAT BERWIRAUSAHA SISWA
Authors: Milliohaqqi Rifqi , Mahendra Sena , Setiawan Toni
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang hubungan prestasi praktik kerja industry dan prestasi belajar mata pelajaran kewirausahaan terhadap minat berwirausaha siswa kelas XII TKRO SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Semarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk : (1) Mengetahui hubungan antara prestasi praktik kerja industri terhadap minat berwirausaha (2) Mengetahui hubungan antara prestasi kewirausahaan terhadap minat berwirausaha siswa (3) Mengetahui hubungan antara prestasi praktik kerja industri dan prestasi kewirausahaan terhadap minat berwirausaha siswa kelas XII TKRO di SMK Muhammadiyah  2 Semarang tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian ex-post facto dengan populasi penelitian sebanyak 58 siswa kelas XII program keahlian Teknik Kendaraan Ringan Otomotif tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 51 siswa, kelas XII TKRO 1 dan XII TKRO 2. Teknik sampling menggunakan rumus Slovin. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode dokumentasi dan angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah menggunakan korelasi product moment. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis korelasi ganda. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa: (1) Prestasi Praktik Kerja Industri terdapat hubungan positif signifikan terhadap Minat Berwirausaha Siswa Kelas XII TKRO DI SMK Muhamadiyah 2 Semarang. (2) Prestasi Praktik Kerja Industri terdapat hubungan Positif Signifikan Terhadap Minat Berwirausaha Siswa Kelas XII TKRO DI SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Semarang. (3) Terdapat hubungan Positif dan signifikan antara Prestasi Praktik Kerja Industri dan Prestasi Belajar Mata Pelajaran Kewirausahaan Terhadap Minat Berwirausaha Siswa Kelas XII TKRO DI SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Semarang yang di tunjukan dengan Fhitung  7,343 > Ftabel  3,190 dan nilai signifikasi F sebesar 0,02 lebih kecil 0,05. Berdasarkan analisis kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa prestasi praktik kerja industri mempunyai hubungan yang positif dan signifikan terhadap minat berwirausaha sebesar 10,9%, Prestasi belajar mata pelajaran kewirausahaan mempunyai hubungan yang positif dan signifikan terhadap minat berwirausaha sebesar 14,5%. Berdasarkan kedua variable tersebut besarnya sumbangan efektif dari variabel prestasi praktik kerja industry dan prestasi belajar mata pelajaran kewirausahaan terhadap Minat Berwirausaha sebesar 20,2%.
 
Kata Kunci : Prestasi Praktik Kerja Industri , Prestasi Belajar Mata Pelajaran Kewirausahaan, Minat Berwirausaha
From Rio de la Plata to the Extreme West: Feminist Historiographies of Art and Artistic Activism in Argentina and Chile
Authors: Giunta Andrea
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this article is to employ a comparative approach that allows us to understand the approaches towards art historiography articulated in two countries of South America. Although women artists had organised themselves early on in societies, in women’s exhibitions, and were one of the driving forces in art, when we look at how the art canon has been configured in these countries, we must move to the end of 20th century and the beginning of 21st to find consistent work that dissociates itself from dominant patriarchal perspectives. In this article, I propose to approach this process comparatively, looking at two periods: first, the eighties-nineties and the introduction of gender studies; and second, the exhibitions, research and books produced, above all, since 2000. In both periods, I shall also consider the artistic activism that generated historiography. In the two cases studied, Argentina and Chile, the tension between democracy and dictatorship will also be considered as a relevant factor that has interrupted a process that had begun in the 1970s and would be resumed with the return of democracy.
Localized electromagnetic modes
Authors: Makarov Nykolay , Medrano J. G. , Pérez-Rodríguez F.
Published: August 2024

The localized electromagnetic eigenmodes in a dielectric slab, sandwiched between two semi-infinite dielectric media, are theoretically studied. The transfer matrix formalism is applied for deriving the dispersion relation and electromagnetic field distribution of the localized eigenmodes for both s and p polarization of light. There is an infinite number of localized eigenmodes when the permittivity of the slab has positive sign in either s or p polarization. The latter occurs if the permittivity of the slab is greater than the permittivity of the surrounding media. In contrast, when the slab has negative permittivity there is just one localized electromagnetic eigenmode only for the p-polarization. In his case, the spectrum of the localized eigenmode is determined not only by the negative sign of the slab permittivity, but also by the difference between the permittivity absolute value for the slab and the permittivity of the surrounding medium. In addition, the symmetry of the localized electromagnetic eigenmodes is discussed.
Atendimento clínico felino eficiente para reduzir estresse e alterações em exames complementares
Authors: Gonçalves Nascimento Laura , Moreira de Oliveira Junior Ivam
Published: August 2024

The feline species presents quite particular characteristics and has great sensitivity to olfactory, visual, tactile and auditory stimuli. Thus, when going to the veterinary environment, there are numerous factors that can cause stress. Therefore, cat-friendly management is essential in clinical routine to reduce alterations in complementary exams, as an animal in this state presents significant changes in its physiological parameters. By implementing positive strategies that respect the individualities of the patients, they feel calmer and more confident, which decreases the likelihood of developing stress-related pathologies. Additionally, it is a fact that cat-friendly hospital environments optimize recovery and preserve the emotional state of the animals. Therefore, this work reviews the main practices in clinical care that ensure greater well-being for cats, minimizing sources of stress and, consequently, alterations in complementary exams. With these measures, both animals and owners become more secure in making regular visits to the veterinarian, allowing for frequent monitoring of the animals' health, thus increasing the chances of early diagnoses.
Pengaruh Fasilitas dan Media Promosi terhadap Keputusan Berkunjung Kembali di Wisata Alam Geosite Sipinsur Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan
Authors: Purba Tuti Damayanti , Simbolon Anggiat Parlindungan
Published: August 2024

The Sipinsur Geosite is a tourist attraction in Humbang Hasundutan Regency which is often visited by tourists with its beautiful natural views of Lake Toba. There are several factors that influence the decision to return to a destination such as facilities and promotional media. This research aims to determine the influence of facilities and promotional media on the decision to return to the Sipinsur Geosite partially and simultaneously. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach. The object of this research is the Sipinsur Geosite with data collected through a questionnaire. Analyzed using data quality tests, classic assumption tests consisting of normality and reliability, multiple linear analysis, hypothesis testing and coefficient of determination tests. The results of the research show that facilities and promotional media partially have a positive and significant influence on the decision to revisit the Sipinsur geosite natural tourist attraction with a calculated t value for facilities of 2.752 and promotional media of 9.639. Simultaneously, facilities and promotional media have a positive and significant influence on the decision to visit again with a value of f count > f table 96.101> 3.091 and overall facilities and promotional media influence interest in visiting again by 66.5% and the remaining 33.5% is influenced by factors. other.
Keywords: Facilities, Media Promotion, Visit Decision
Strategi Peningkatan Tata Kelola Koperasi dalam Upaya Mencegah Praktik Tidak Sehat pada KSP Kopdit Pintu Air Cabang Koting
Authors: Da Gomez Veronika Chantika , Mitan Wilhelmina , Romario Fransiscus De
Published: August 2024

This research aims to find out the strategy for improving cooperative governance in an effort to prevent unhealthy practices at KSP Kopdit Pintu Air Koting Branch. To identify problems, this research uses qualitative research. The data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation. It can be concluded that things that cause unhealthy practices include lack of transparency and lack of accountability, lack of internal supervision, and non-compliance with rules and regulations. Efforts to improve cooperative governance to prevent unhealthy practices include transparency and accountability, member participation, formation of supervisory committees, anti-corruption policies and business ethics, and ongoing evaluation.
 
Keywords : Improvement of Cooperative Governance, Unhealthy Practices
Peran Agency Theory Terkait Manajemen Risiko Kredit dalam Upaya Meminimalisir Kredit Bermasalah pada KSP Kopdit Obor Mas Kanca Pasar Alok
Authors: Chuesta Rosamunda N. Bella , Sanga Konstantinus P , Gheta Antonius P.K
Published: August 2024

The aim of this research is to determine and analyze the role of agency theory related to credit risk management in efforts minimize problem loans at KSP Kopdit Obor Mas Kanca Pasar Alok. Research data was obtained through direct interviews with Pasar Alok branch managers, observation and documentation.  This type of research is descriptive qualitative.  The research results show that the analysis of the development of non-performing loans at the Kopdit Obor Mas Kanca Pasar Alok Savings and Loans Cooperative can generally be said to be tending to decline.  The increase in non-performing loans from 2019 – 2023. This is caused by an unstable economic situation which ultimately causes people and companies' income to decrease so that customers are in arrears and is also a result of bad character until the time that has been discovered. 
 
Keywords: Agency Theory, Cooperatives, Risk Management, Non-Performing Loans
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk dan Promosi terhadap Keputusan Pembelian pada Kedai Kopi Melati Ciputat
Authors: Darmawan Muhamad Fikri , Pasaribu Veta Lidya Delimah
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the influence of promotion and product quality on the purchase decision of Kedai Kopi Melati products. The method used is a quantitative descriptive method with an associative approach. The sampling technique used is Probability Sampling, a sampling method using the Lemeshow formula. Data analysis uses regression analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, determination coefficient analysis and hypothesis testing. The results of this study are Product Quality (X1) and Promotion (X2) have a positive and significant effect on Purchasing Decisions (Y) with a regression equation Y = 9.678 + 0.113X1 + 0.696X2. The coefficient of determination simultaneously affects 61%. The hypothesis test partially obtained a promotion rate of tcount > ttable or (2.354 > 1.986). Then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. This means that there is a positive and significant influence between the independent variable, namely Product Quality (X1) and Purchasing Decision (Y). Product Quality numbers of tcount > ttable or (12,174 > 1,986). Then H0 is rejected and H2 is accepted. This means that there is an influence between the independent variable, namely Promotion (X2) and Purchase Decision (Y). Test the hypothesis obtained the value of Fcalculate > ttable or (77.571 > 2.700) Thus H0 is rejected and H3 is accepted, meaning that the Quality of Promotion (X1) and Promotion (X2) together have a positive effect on Purchase Decision (Y).
 
Keywords: Product Quality, Promotion, Purchase Decision.
Pemberdayaan SDM Berbasis Islam dalam Meningkatkan Keunggulan Bersaing Organisasi: Suatu Pendekatan Manajemen Strategik
Authors: Syahidin Mohamad Rizal
Published: August 2024

The aim to be achieved in this research is to find out what is related to empowering human resources to increase competitive advantage in an organization. The method used in this research is qualitative by conducting various interviews with several informants. The results of this research show that the human resource management cycle with the PDAC cycle contains four parts, including planning, implementation, evaluation and follow-up. According to past views, HR empowerment aimed at competitive advantage is something valid where in the modern era humans are required to be able to think and develop in a better direction.
 
Keywords: Competitive Advantage, Empowerment, HR.
Perbandingan Antara Metode Waterfall Dan Metode Rad Dalam Pembuatan Aplikasi E-Rekrutmen Berbasis Website: Studi Kasus PT XYZ
Authors: Dewi Ezra Shandra , Putri Erika Ardya Mesia , Daniel Daniel , Wasino Wasino , Beng Jap Tji
Published: August 2024

Mengembangkan aplikasi e-rekrutmen berbasis web sangat penting bagi perusahaan modern untuk mendapatkan karyawan berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan dua pendekatan utama dalam pengembangan aplikasi e-rekrutmen untuk PT XYZ: metode waterfall dan metode RAD. Metode waterfall, yang menggunakan pendekatan linier dan berurutan, dibandingkan dengan metode RAD yang menekankan kecepatan dan fleksibilitas. Penelitian ini mencakup analisis aspek kunci seperti proses pengembangan, efisiensi waktu, fleksibilitas terhadap perubahan kebutuhan, kualitas produk akhir, dan tingkat kepuasan pengguna. Melalui studi kasus di PT XYZ, penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman mendalam tentang kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing metode. Hasilnya memberikan wawasan berharga bagi praktisi dan peneliti di industri teknologi informasi dalam memilih metode pengembangan yang paling sesuai dengan kebutuhan proyek e-rekrutmen. Dengan pemahaman ini, PT XYZ dan perusahaan lain dapat membuat keputusan yang lebih baik dalam pengembangan aplikasi e-rekrutmen di masa depan.