bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of testing criteria for infectious disease surveillance: The case of COVID-19 in Norway
Authors: Engebretsen Solveig , Aldrin Magne
Published: August 2024

During the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway, the testing criteria and capacity changed numerous times. In this study, we aim to assess consequences of changes in testing criteria for infectious disease surveillance. We plotted the proportion of positive PCR tests and the total number of PCR tests for different periods of the pandemic in Norway. We fitted regression models for the total number of PCR tests and the probability of positive PCR tests, with time and weekday as explanatory variables. The regression analysis focuses on the time period until 2021, i.e. before Norway started vaccination. There were clear changes in testing criteria and capacity over time. In particular, there was a marked difference in the testing regime before and after the introduction of self-testing, with a drastic increase in the proportion of positive PCR tests after the introduction of self-tests. The probability of a PCR test being positive was higher for weekends and public holidays than for Mondays-Fridays. The probability for a positive PCR test was lowest on Mondays. This implies that there were different testing criteria and/or different test-seeking behaviour on different weekdays. Though the probability of testing positive clearly changed over time, we cannot in general conclude that this occurred as a direct consequence of changes in testing policies. It is natural for the testing criteria to change during a pandemic. Though smaller changes in testing criteria do not seem to have large, abrupt consequences for the disease surveillance, larger changes like the introduction and massive use of self-tests makes the test data less useful for surveillance.
Occupational stress and associated factors among clinical nurses caring for COVID-19 patients in a Vietnamese tertiary hospital
Authors: Vu Phu Dinh , Nguyen Thuong Thi , Le Duyet Van
Published: August 2024

Background

Nursing professional is one of the most stressful jobs, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. When caring for COVID-19 patients, nurses face challenging conditions and limited resources, as well as the fear of infecting themselves and their families, putting them at risk for depression, anxiety, and insomnia. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency, sources, and risk factors for occupational stress among clinical nurses caring for COVID-19 patients in a Vietnamese tertiary hospital.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among all clinical nurses (184 nurses) at a tertiary hospital in Vietnam from March 15 to April 15, 2021. A questionnaire was used for collecting data. Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions. Risk factors were identified by adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and P values less than 0.05.

Results

The survey was completed by 89.7% (165/184) of clinical nurses. Most participants were female (85.5%) and ≤ 40 years old (97.6%). Overall, participants reported a medium stress level with an Extended Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) mean score of 1.79 points, and 32.1% had occupational stress. Prevalence of occupational stress among participants caring for COVID-19 patients (34.0%) was not statistically significant difference with that among those who did not (29.4%). Nurses’ occupational stress in emergency and intensive care units (50.0%) was substantially higher than that in the other departments (11.7%). The most stressors for participants were difficulties connected to inadequate emotional preparedness, patients and families, and death and dying, with subscale mean scores of 1.97, 1.88, and 1.88 points, respectively. In multivariate analysis, working at an emergency and intensive care unit (OR 4.97), usually or more frequently feeling heavy duty for patients (OR 3.17), and income decrease (OR 3.03) were risk factors associated with occupational stress.

Conclusion

One-third of clinical nurses at a tertiary hospital experienced occupational stress, with highest rate occurred at emergency and intensive care units. Nurses’ working conditions at emergency and intensive care units should be essentially addressed to improve nurses’ occupational stress.
Comparative analysis of financial toxicity between SARS-CoV-2 infection and common comorbidities
Authors: Su Han , Thompson Hilaire J. , Figuracion Karl Cristie , Patel Mayur Bipin , Needham Dale M.
Published: August 2024

Financial toxicity is common in individuals with COVID-19 and Long COVID. However, the extent of financial toxicity experienced, in comparison to other common comorbidities, is uncertain. Contributing factors exacerbating financial challenges in Long COVID are also unclear. These knowledge gaps are addressed via a cross-sectional analysis utilizing data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a representative sample drawn from the United States. COVID-19 cases were identified through self-reported positive testing or physician diagnoses. Long COVID was defined as experiencing COVID-19-related symptoms for more than three months. Comorbidity was assessed based on self-reported diagnoses of ten doctor-diagnosed conditions (Yes/No). Financial toxicity was defined as having difficulty paying medical bills, cost-related medication nonadherence, delaying healthcare due to cost, and/or not obtained healthcare due to cost. A total of 27,492 NHIS 2022 respondents were included in our analysis, representing 253 million U.S. adults. In multivariable logistic regression models, adults with Long COVID (excluding respondents with COVID-19 but not Long COVID), showed increased financial toxicity compared to those with other comorbidities, such as epilepsy (OR [95% CI]: 1.69 [1.22, 2.33]), dementia (1.51 [1.01, 2.25]), cancer (1.43 [1.19, 1.71]) or respiratory/cardiovascular conditions (1.18 [1.00, 1.40]/1.23 [1.02, 1.47]). Long COVID-related financial toxicity was associated with female sex, age <65 years, lack of medical insurance, current paid employment, residence region, food insecurity, fatigue, mild to severe depression symptoms experienced during the survey completion, visits to hospital emergency rooms, presence of arthritis, cardiovascular or respiratory conditions, and social activity limitations. In conclusion, American adults with Long COVID, but not those who had prior COVID-19 infection without Long COVID, exhibited a higher prevalence of financial toxicity compared to individuals with common comorbidities. Vulnerable populations were at greater risk for financial toxicity. These findings emphasize the importance of evaluating strategies to reduce economic burden and increase awareness of the effect of Long COVID-related financial toxicity on patient’s healthcare and health status.
Importin-7-dependent nuclear translocation of the Flavivirus core protein is required for infectious virus production
Authors: Itoh Yumi , Miyamoto Yoichi , Tokunaga Makoto , Suzuki Tatsuya , Takada Akira , Ninomiya Akinori , Hishinuma Tomomi , Matsuda Mami , Yoneda Yoshihiro , Oka Masahiro , Suzuki Ryosuke , Matsuura Yoshiharu , Okamoto Toru
Published: August 2024

Flaviviridae is a family of positive-stranded RNA viruses, including human pathogens, such as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), dengue virus (DENV), Zika virus (ZIKV), and West Nile virus (WNV). Nuclear localization of the viral core protein is conserved among Flaviviridae, and this feature may be targeted for developing broad-ranging anti-flavivirus drugs. However, the mechanism of core protein translocation to the nucleus and the importance of nuclear translocation in the viral life cycle remain unknown. We aimed to identify the molecular mechanism underlying core protein nuclear translocation. We identified importin-7 (IPO7), an importin-β family protein, as a nuclear carrier for Flaviviridae core proteins. Nuclear import assays revealed that core protein was transported into the nucleus via IPO7, whereas IPO7 deletion by CRISPR/Cas9 impaired their nuclear translocation. To understand the importance of core protein nuclear translocation, we evaluated the production of infectious virus or single-round-infectious-particles in wild-type or IPO7-deficient cells; both processes were significantly impaired in IPO7-deficient cells, whereas intracellular infectious virus levels were equivalent in wild-type and IPO7-deficient cells. These results suggest that IPO7-mediated nuclear translocation of core proteins is involved in the release of infectious virus particles of flaviviruses.
Assessing the Performance of ChatGPT in Answering Questions Regarding Congenital Bicuspid Aortic Valve
Authors: Barua Mousumi
Published: August 2024

IMPORTANCE: Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, such as ChatGPT, are widely being used in academia as well as by the common public. In the field of medicine, the information obtained by the professionals as well as by the patients from the AI tools has significant advantages while at the same time posing valid concerns regarding the validity and adequacy of information regarding healthcare delivery and utilization. Therefore, it is important to vet these AI tools through the prism of practicing physicians.

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: To demonstrate the immense utility as well as potential concerns of using ChatGPT to gather medical information, a set of questions were posed to the chatbot regarding a hypothetical patient with congenital bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), and the answers were recorded and reviewed for their authenticity and utility.

RESULTS: While the ChatGPT provided detailed information about clinical pictures, treatment, and outcomes regarding BAV, the authenticity of the information could not be verified due to a lack of citations. Further, human aspects that would normally emerge in a nuanced doctor-patient communication were missing in the ChatGPT output.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Although the performance of AI in medical care is expected to grow, imperfections and ethical concerns will remain a huge challenge in utilizing information from the chatbots alone without adequate communications with health providers despite having numerous advantages of this technology to society in many walks of human life.
Performance of table tomato plants with irrigation shifts associated with rooting agent doses
Authors: Giroldo Laura Bernardino Fernandes , Silva César Antônio da , Silva Cícero José da
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the development and production of table tomato plants, cultivar BSDS0005, in a protected environment, using different irrigation schedules and doses of the rooting agent Raizal®. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Morrinhos from June to October 2021. The design was randomized blocks with three replications arranged in a split-plot scheme, with three irrigation shifts (1, 2, and 3 days) in the plots and five doses of Raizal® rooting agent (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g plant-1) in the sub-plots. 14.5 L pots of soil were used, arranged in double rows, 0.4 m between pots, 0.45 m between single rows, and 1.15 m between double rows. A drip irrigation system was used, with 2 L h-1 self-compensating emitters. Irrigation was managed by replenishing 100% of the crop evapotranspiration in each irrigation shift. The results show that the Raizal® was efficient at a dose of 10 g plant-1, with better performance in flower abortion rate and yield. The two-day irrigation shift showed better performance in terms of root dry mass (18.14 g root-1), flower abortion rate (57.41%), yield, and water use efficiency (0.077 m3 kg-1 of fruit).
Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Etanol Bunga dan Daun Soka (Ixora coccinea) pada Minyak Kelapa
Authors: Suzana Nita , Rabawati Susy Yunita P
Published: August 2024

Minyak kelapa mudah mengalami oksidasi ketika kontak langsung dengan udara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol bunga dan daun soka dan perubahan bilangan peroksida dan kadar asam lemak bebas pada minyak kelapa dengan penambahan ekstrak etanol dan daun soka. Ekstraksi bunga dan daun soka menggunakan metode maserasi dan pelarut etanol. Ekstrak yang didapatkan diuji fitokimia dan uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH. Minyak kelapa yang masing-masing telah ditambahkan ekstrak bunga dan daun soka diuji bilangan peroksida dan kadar asam lemak bebas. Hasil penelitian ekstrak bunga dan daun soka masing-masing mengandung senyawa fenolik dan flavonoid. Selain itu, ekstrak bunga dan daun soka masing masing memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 18,0467 ppm dan 2,0204 ppm. Berdasarkan pengujian bilangan peroksida dan kadar asam lemak bebas pada minyak kelapa yang masing-masing ditambahkan ekstrak daun dan bunga soka mengalami penurunan dibandingkan dengan minyak tanpa penambahan antioksidan.
Faktor Penyebab Artefak pada Hasil Radiograf (Soft File) Digital Radiografi di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta
Authors: Bramara Alessandro Geo , Metaningrum Rohmawati
Published: August 2024

Artifact is a structure or appearance that deviates from what should normally be seen on a radiograph (Walz-Flannigan, 2018). Artifacts can originate from various sources such as the Imaging Plate (IP), X-Ray machine, user errors, and foreign objects. All of these factors mentioned can be sources of artifacts. The aim of this research is to identify the factors and the most significant factor causing artifacts in radiographic results. This study employs a qualitative research approach utilizing a survey method. The research was conducted from June to July 2023 at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta. Data collection methods included direct observation, documentation, and interviews. The study involved 4 radiographers and 2 radiology specialist doctors as respondents. Subsequently, the collected data were processed, tabulated, and presented in the form of pie charts to draw conclusions. The research results indicate that the primary causes of artifacts in the Radiology Department at RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta are: 1. Foreign objects, 2. Imaging Plate (IP), and 3. X-Ray machine. This is supported by the respective percentages of artifacts found: foreign objects 77%, Imaging Plate (IP) 19%, and X-Ray machine 4%.
Significance of Dietary Iron for Human Biological System and Brain Development
Authors: Imam Aminu Umar , Sarkingobir Yusuf
Published: August 2024

The need for iron in the human biological system is enormous and lack of iron is dangerous especially for children, youngsters, and women due to the role of iron in growth and development among other things. It is important to state that iron is very critical in the functioning of nervous system as well. The aim of this paper is to conduct a review pertaining the significance of iron in humans, and specifically on brain development (cognition, learning and relations). The paper utilized review and conceptual methods to elucidate, advantages of iron chemistry (eg in hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromes, iron-sulfur proteinous entities, etc), the effects of iron deficiency or deficits in schooling children and the rest, sources of dietary iron, iron inhibitors or blockers, iron deficiency anemia, iron in the fetal developments and some methods for intervening in iron deficiency.
Percakapan Institusional antara Dokter dan Pasien dalam Bahasa Jepang
Authors: Mulyasyafitri Aisha , Filia Filia
Published: August 2024

Studi ini bertujuan menjelaskan tuturan dokter kepada pasien dalam percakapan institusional bahasa Jepang. Sumber data berupa ujaran-ujaran dokter kepada pasien dalam serial drama Jepang Koi wa Tsuzuku yo Dokomademo. Data penelitian dibuat transkripsinya menggunakan aplikasi ELAN, dan ditampilkan dengan metode transkripsi ortografis. Jumlah keseluruhan data adalah 137 tuturan dan 115 di antaranya adalah tuturan dalam percakapan institusional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga jenis tuturan dokter kepada pasien dalam percakapan institusional, yaitu (i) tuturan rencana tindakan, (ii) tuturan nasihat, dan (iii) tuturan pertanyaan kondisi pasien. Ketiga jenis tuturan ini masing-masing dibagi menjadi dua bagian berdasarkan mitra tuturnya, yaitu pasien dewasa dan anak-anak. Ada perbedaan ragam tutur dan cara memanggil pasien pada tuturan dokter kepada pasien dewasa dan anak-anak dalam percakapan institusional.
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF THE SPREAD OF COVID-19 WITH FIRST, SECOND AND THIRD DOSES OF VACCINATION IN SEMARANG CITY
Authors: Dewi Purnamasari Mahardika Karunia , Fitriyah Aini , Zulaikha Zulaikha
Published: August 2024

This research models the spread of Covid-19 by developing the  model. In this model there are seven compartments, namely the susceptible subpopulation (S), the subpopulation that has received the first dose of vaccine (V1), the subpopulation that has received the second dose of vaccine (V2), the subpopulation that has received the third dose of vaccine (V3), the exposed subpopulation (E), infected subpopulation (I), and recovered subpopulation (R). From the model that has been formed, a search for disease-free and endemic equilibrium points is carried out, then looking for the basic reproduction number (R0) as a benchmark for the presence or absence of the spread of Covid-19 in a population, then numerically simulating it using the Matlab R2017a software. The results of this numerical simulation are in accordance with the dynamic analysis carried out, namely if the condition is  then Covid-19 cannot spread, whereas if the condition is  then Covid-19 can spread in a certain area. In addition, the disease cannot spread quickly if the proportion of those who are vaccinated is increased, so that the use of vaccines can be used as an effort to prevent the spread of Covid-19.
Aspect-Based Analysis of Telkomsel User Sentiment on Twitter Using the Random Forest Classification Method and Glove Feature Expansion
Authors: Zakaria Aditya Mahendra , Setiawan Erwin Budi
Published: August 2024

In this modern era, people certainly very easy to access social media, one of which is Twitter. Twitter is usually used by the public in expressing opinions regarding current issues, product reviews, and many other things positive, negative, or neutral opinions, or can be interpreted as sentiment. This study aims to analyze the aspect-based sentiment of Telkomsel users on Twitter using random forest classification and the extension of the Glove feature. This study uses signal aspects and service aspects with a total dataset of 16988 data. A Random forest can be classified as relevant and accurate for sentiment analysis with the greatest accuracy of 80.37% in the signal aspect and 80.12% in the service aspect, and the expansion feature is proven to be able to increase the performance value of this study by 13.15% in the signal aspect. and 5.37% in the service aspect.
An improved supply of anthocyanin dye for creation of effective dye-sensitized solar cells grounded on natural dyes
Authors: Patni Neha
Published: August 2024

In order to advance the power conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells, this article shows the selection of better sources of the sensitizer anthocyanin. The cells were created by combining liquid and solid electrolytes, adding natural dye, and employing a photo anode of aluminium-doped zinc oxide and a counter electrode of fluorine-doped tin oxide. Light harvesting efficiency, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy, and other methods were used to characterise the cells. From all the combinations made utilising different sources, the cell based on the D1 dye sample from Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Manipur) had the best efficiency at 1.58 %. An effective DSSC was the end result of this strategy for identifying the optimal extraction source for anthocyanin natural dyes.
Effects of surfactants on the wettability of sodium propionate aqueous deacidification agent
Authors: Ge Ge , Liu Jianan , Liao Yunfei , Zeng Deli , Mou Hongyan , Fan Huiming
Published: August 2024

To address the challenges of difficulty and low penetration speed of aqueous deacidification agents in paper, we aimed to enhance the wetting performance of these agents by incorporating a surfactant. We selected four surfactants for our study: anionic sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS), cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), nonionic polysorbate-80 (TW80), and polyether-modified trisiloxane (TRSE). The wetting properties of these surfactants on sodium propionate aqueous deacidification agent, the alkali stability of the solution, and the effects of moist heat aging on paper durability were explored. The results demonstrated that TRSE exhibited superior performance compared to the other three surfactants, effectively reducing the surface tension of sodium propionate solution to 21.02 mN/m. In alkaline conditions with a pH range of 8.00–10.00, the surface tension of SDBS, CTAB, and TW80 solutions remained stable for 30 days. Similarly, under weakly alkaline conditions with a pH value below 9, the surface tension of TRSE solutions exhibited stability. It should be noted that SDBS accelerated the decline of paper tensile index and whiteness during the heat and humidity aging process; at the same time, CTAB, TW80, and TRSE had no noticeable adverse effects on paper aging resistance.
Computational analysis of water-based silver, copper, and alumina hybrid nanoparticles over a stretchable sheet embedded in a porous medium with thermophoretic particle deposition effects
Authors: Karthik Kalachar , Saadeh Rania , Kumar Ravikumar Shashikala Varun , Qazza Ahmad , Madhukesh Javali Kotresh , Khan Umair , Ishak Anuar , Siddiqui Md Irfanul Haque
Published: August 2024

The present study scrutinizes the significance of heat source/sink (HSS), thermophoretic particle deposition, and porous media on the time-dependent ternary nanofluid stream across a stretchable surface in the presence of Newtonian heating (NH) and common wall temperature (CWT) cases. The governing equations of the investigated model are changed into ordinary differential equations by using suitable similarity transformations. The resultant dimensionless equations are solved using the Laguerre polynomial collocation method. For comparison, the Runge Kutta Fehlberg’s fourth-fifth order (RKF-45) method is employed. Graphs are used to illustrate the significant parameters’ impacts on each profile, and relevant physical quantities such as the Sherwood number, skin friction, and Nusselt number are exhibited. The study reveals that the velocity profile drops with an increase in permeable parameters. The thermal profile increases with improvement in porous and HSS constraints. The concentration diminishes as the value of the thermophoretic parameter rises. For better solid volume fraction values, the rate of temperature dispersal is lower in the NH case associated with the CWT case. Additionally, the rate of thermal distribution is enhanced by approximately 2.90% surface drag force, 4.73% in the CWT case and 2.27% in the NH case, and the rate of mass transfer is enhanced by 2.99% when transitioning from ternary the ternary hybrid nanofluid to the (normal) nanofluid. The results of the study will help in heat exchangers, thermal management, chemical engineering, biomedical instruments, and design and optimization of electronic equipment.
The Basic Dualism in the World: Object-Oriented Ontology and Systems Theory
Authors: Zwick Martin
Published: August 2024

Graham Harman writes that the “basic dualism in the world lies…between things in their intimate reality and things as confronted by other things.” However, dualism implies irreconcilable difference; what Harman points to is better expressed as a dyad, where the two components imply one another and interact. This article shows that systems theory has long asserted the fundamental character of Harman’s dyad, expressing it as the union of internal structure and external function, which correspond exactly to what Levi Bryant, characterizing Harman’s views, refers to as the intra-ontic and the inter-ontic, respectively. After interpreting Harman’s dyad in terms of the ontology of systems theory, the article illustrates his dyad with a variety of examples, including conceptions about truth, ethics, value, and intelligence. The structure–function dyad is a spatial conception of a system as an object. It is usefully augmented with a temporal dimension, expressed in a third component or with an additional orthogonal dyad. Adding a temporal dyad to the structure–function dyad joins the idea of an event and/or process to the idea of an object.
Synthesis and properties of AM/AMPS/MMA and cationic monomer copolymer flooding agent
Authors: Liu Chengcheng , Wang Shibin , Jia Fei , Zheng Bo , Li Shuaishuai , Yang Yuheng , Gao Yang , Zhao Jinzhou
Published: August 2024

A novel hydrophobic association copolymer (PAMA) was synthesized by incorporating acrylamide (AM), 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS), cationic monomer (MEDDA), and methyl methacrylate (MMA). The properties of MMA copolymers with varying contents were analyzed using infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Optimal overall performance of the solution was achieved when the MMA content reached 1.4 % w/w. Compared to pure PAAM (without MMA), the PAMA-1.4 % polymer exhibited superior viscoelasticity, temperature resistance, and shear resistance. This enhancement in PAMA performance can be attributed to the significant inhibition of intermolecular water film formation within the polymer matrix by MMA, effectively improving and regulating solution solubility while strengthening molecular chain interactions and enhancing the structural network strength of PAMA polymers. Additionally, the inclusion of MMA transformed rock surfaces from non-wetting to wetting conditions, thereby greatly improving oil displacement efficiency. In displacement experiments, PAMA-1.4 % performed better in terms of enhanced oil recovery, the recovery rate of 0.1 % w/w PAMA-2.4 % solution is only 7.78 %, while the recovery rate of 0.1 % w/w PAMA-1.4 % solution is 13.06 %.
Drawbacks to Strengthening Neural Salience Encoding: A Link Between Cortisol and Risky Drinking
Authors: Harris Bailey B. , Sinha Rajita , Goldfarb Elizabeth V.
Published: August 2024

Emotionally salient experiences are encoded and remembered more strongly, an effect that can be amplified by hormones like cortisol. Such memories can in turn profoundly influence later behavior. However, little is known about the link between amplified salience encoding and subsequent behavior. This pathway may be particularly important for risky alcohol drinking, which has been linked to sensitized salience responses, memory, and cortisol. To test this possibility, we integrated pharmacology using a double-blind cross-over design with fMRI, cognitive, and motivation assays across a range of healthy male and female social drinkers. As anticipated, cortisol enhanced memory for salient alcohol-related events; critically, this bias was in turn associated with later alcohol motivation. Increased alcohol motivation was particularly pronounced in more susceptible risky drinkers, for whom cortisol enhanced brain salience responses to alcohol. These sensitized salience responses predicted both memory biases and alcohol motivation. Together, these findings reveal maladaptive consequences of enhanced salience encoding.
Concepções maternas acerca do ensino remoto para crianças com transtorno do espectro autista na pandemia
Authors: Teixeira Olga Feitosa Braga , Pessoa Vera Lúcia Mendes de Paula , Quixadá Luciana Martins , Silva José Wagner Martins da , Miranda Karla Corrêa Lima
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: compreender as dificuldades do ensino remoto para crianças com autismo a partir dos discursos maternos. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, realizado com 22 mães de uma associação. A estratégia para gerar os dados envolveu dinâmicas participativas por meio da Técnica do Gibi. O referencial da análise de discurso de linha francesa foi adotado para análise do material. Resultados: a dificuldade do sistema educacional em lidar com as singularidades das crianças com autismo foi a realidade desde o ingresso na escola, e a pandemia acentuou a exclusão. Não houve adaptação ao ensino remoto, e as mães optaram em retirá-las da escola. A saída das crianças foi ignorada por professores e direção, e as escolas não assumiram a responsabilidade em benefício dessa população. Conclusão: o sistema educacional foi considerado ineficiente para atender às demandas dessas crianças durante a pandemia. A ausência de atividades educacionais foi responsável pelo desgaste mental e emocional para díade mãe/filho e pela regressão nas habilidades e nos comportamentos das crianças. Contribuições para a prática: as narrativas maternas devem ser consideradas e abordadas pelos profissionais da educação, para elaboração de protocolos de educação especial, para direcionar e otimizar as práticas educativas em situações de emergências de saúde pública.
GLP-1 receptor agonist-based therapies and cardiovascular risk: a review of mechanisms
Authors: Mullur Neerav , Morissette Arianne , Morrow Nadya M , Mulvihill Erin E
Published: August 2024

Cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) in people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity have confirmed the cardiovascular benefits of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), including reduced cardiovascular mortality, lower rates of myocardial infarction, and lower rates of stroke. The cardiovascular benefits observed following GLP-1RA treatment could be secondary to improvements in glycemia, blood pressure, postprandial lipidemia, and inflammation. Yet, the GLP-1R is also expressed in the heart and vasculature, suggesting that GLP-1R agonism may impact the cardiovascular system. The emergence of GLP-1RAs combined with glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon receptor agonists has shown promising results as new weight loss medications. Dual-agonist and tri-agonist therapies have demonstrated superior outcomes in weight loss, lowered blood sugar and lipid levels, restoration of tissue function, and enhancement of overall substrate metabolism compared to using GLP-1R agonists alone. However, the precise mechanisms underlying their cardiovascular benefits remain to be fully elucidated. This review aims to summarize the findings from CVOTs of GLP-1RAs, explore the latest data on dual and tri-agonist therapies, and delve into potential mechanisms contributing to their cardioprotective effects. It also addresses current gaps in understanding and areas for further research.
Comparison of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide content data derived from satellite (OMI) and ground-based (NDACC) measurements
Authors: ГРУЗДЕВ А.Н. , ЕЛОХОВ А.С.
Published: August 2024

Сопоставление данных спутниковых измерений с результатами измерений с помощью других средств – важнейшая и необходимая составляющая валидации спутниковых данных. В настоящей работе сопоставлены результаты спектрометрических измерений содержания NO2в атмосфере с помощью спутникового прибора OMI(Ozone Monitoring Instrument) в 2004–2020 гг. с данными наземных сумеречных зенитных измерений на 14 станциях сети по обнаружению изменений состава атмосферы (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change– NDACC). Получены широтные распределения содержания NO2 и характеристик сопоставления: разности содержаний, коэффициентов корреляции и линейной регрессии между спутниковыми и наземными данными. Предложены критерии поверки межгодовых и долговременных изменений содержания NO2по данным OMIна основе результатов наземных измерений. Выявлены широтные – полушарные и региональные – особенности соответствия между спутниковыми и наземными данными. Получена существенно новая информация о зависимости характеристик сопоставления от уровня загрязнения нижней тропосферы окислами азота, а также временного масштаба вариаций NO2: межсуточного, сезонного и межгодового. Результаты будут полезны при анализе изменчивости NO2по данным OMI.

Comparison of results of satellite measurements by results of independent measurements is an esencial and necessary component of validation of satellite data, justifying their use for scientific and practical tasks. The work compares the results of spectrometric measurements of the NO2content in the atmosphere by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) in 2004–2020 with the results of ground-based twilight zenith measurements at 14 stations of the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC). Latitudinal distributions of quantitative characteristics of the comparison have been obtained, including the NO2contents, their differences, and correlation and linear regression coefficients between the satellite and ground-based data. Criteria for validation of interannual and long-term changes in NO2derived from the OMI data with the help of ground-based measurements are proposed. The latitudinal – hemispheric and regional – features of the correspondence between the satellite and ground-based data have been revealed. Significantly new results have been obtained on the dependence of the comparison characteristics on the level of pollution of the lower troposphere with nitrogen oxides and on the time scale of NO2variations: day-to-day, seasonal and interannual. The results will be useful in analysis of NO2variability based on OMI data. The continuation of this work may be a comparison of the results of the analysis of interannual variations and long-term NO2trends obtained on the basis of the OMI and ground-based measurement data.
The publishing programme of the Open Lithuania Foundation
Authors: Bautrėnienė Giedrė
Published: August 2024

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Role of information tools in the book market
Authors: Zinkevičienė Julija
Published: August 2024

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Unpublished calendars of 1853-1854 by Laurynas Ivinskis
Authors: Labanauskienė Danutė
Published: August 2024

Famous man of Lithuanian culture of the 19th century, pedagogue, naturalist, lexicographer, and writer Laurynas Ivinskis (1810–1881) published his calendar in the Lithuanian language each year from 1846 until 1864 and again in 1878. The calendars of 1853 and 1854 were banned by Tsarist Russian censorship.
Manuscripts of those Ivinskis' calendars are in the Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences. They reveal the oppressive atmosphere created by Russian censorship on the educational and cultural life of Lithuania. Parts of the text were banned by censor A. Petkevičius. The correspondence between L. Ivinskis and printer A. Zavadzkis provides insights into the editor's printing business. New details of L. Ivinskis' biography are disclosed. All didactic stories and other articles that were banned in 1853-1854 survived in Ivinskis' manuscripts and were published in later editions of the calendars. One of these articles appeared in the book Pasauga (1875) by L. Ivinskis, but this book was also banned.
Old book of Lithuania - miror of European culture
Authors: Braziūnienė Alma
Published: August 2024

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On the book publishing in Lithuania during Soviet occupation: archival materials
Authors: Stonienė Vanda
Published: August 2024

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The book in Lithuania Minor
Authors: Koženiauskienė Regina
Published: August 2024

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Polnische Bücher in Königsberg / Preussen in der frühen Neuzeit (16.-17. Jh)
Authors: Serczyk Jerzy
Published: August 2024

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Book spreaders in the towns of Samogitian principality in the XVIII century
Authors: Meilus Elmantas
Published: August 2024

The free spread of Enlightenment books from Western Europe in the 18th century in the Samogitian principality (the books were presumably spread following the decision of sovereign Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki issued in 1672) worried the leaders of the Catholic Church who were responsible for education in the Republic of Both Nations. For this reason, in 1743, the Samogitian bishop Antanas Tiškevičius banned the free book trade in his diocese and commissioned Juozas Stripeika and Martynas Maulevičius, living in Kražiai, with the task of regulating book selling. Antanas Tiškevičius' circular provides the following information: 1. In the 18th century, at least in its 2nd quarter, the book trade was a profitable business, which means that books were popular; 2. It is likely that until the mentioned time, books had been sold by traveling book sellers for whom that was their only occupation; 3. At the considered time, Samogitia received the most up-to-date literature from Western Europe.
From the circular of 1774, we learn that books were not only sold at special places. They were delivered by agents throughout the whole principality. There was permission to sell not only books not banned by the Catholic Church but also holy pictures and other items necessary for religious rites. It was noted that all wares would be confiscated from those who were engaged in book selling without permission. In this way, Kražiai turned into the Samogitian trade center for books and religious articles.
The aforementioned M. Maulevičius was engaged in book trade and other cultural activities until 1783-1784. Besides M. Maulevičius and J. Stripeika, books in Kražiai were also sold by the husband and wife Daubarai (1751-1769) and Juozapas and Grigas Dziedzickiai (1774-1784). In the 2nd half of the 18th century, people engaged in book spreading could also be found in some other Samogitian towns, e.g., in Seda, four such persons sold books at the time. Most Samogitian book sellers used to purchase for resale some hundreds and even thousands of copies of books of various denominations (religious, textbooks; mostly in Lithuanian and Polish) in Vilnius and, presumably, some other towns.
There is no data available on the trade of Jewish books. However, there is no doubt that it existed in Samogitia because in descriptions of Jewish property after fires, we may find some mentions of larger or smaller collections of Jewish books. Besides, throughout the whole 18th century, there are mentions of Jewish bookbinders who obviously served not only their fellow countrymen but Christians as well.
The above-presented short review reveals that in the 2nd half of the 18th century, the book trade in Samogitia—concentrated in Kražiai—was a profitable business in which some families were engaged. The books for sale were numerous and varied. The bookbinder trade was in great demand. The mentioned evidence proves that by the second half of the 18th century, a social stratum of book consumers had developed in Samogitia.
What`s a global science summit?
Authors: Larsen Torben
Published: August 2024

The scientific world calls for a Synthesis-of-Science (SoS) for better coordination of the common human efforts for a better world. The best approaches today are compoundings by headlines without any common internal structure and original conclusions. Neuroeconomic Psychology (NeP) is the micro part of SoS, where risk-willingness orders the Big5 Taxonomy replacing the mainstream paradigm of Bounded Rationality. This study complements the micro level NeP with a Universal Technology Assessment (UTA) synthesizing the macro level. UTA extends technology assessment in healthcare including the Ecosystem identifying the following macroeconomic targets for implementing a sustainable development: A broad international Tariff on CO2 emissions (ET) to accelerate transition to a carbon neutral economy. Universal Basic Income (UBI) for equalization of income. Point 1-2 serve the 17 UN Goals on Sustainable Development and is acceptable for collaboration across-the-center to moderate majority of both democratic wings. Meditative in-depth-relaxation serves stress-management. Eventually in combination with neurofeedback. Better mutual understanding between genders is requested, because neuroeconomics shows that females are risk-averse while males are risk-willing. Alternatives to SoS are discussed. No one is contradictory, but the most are complementary.
Lenin’s System of Power and Property in Occupied Ukraine. 1917–1923
Authors: Kulchytskyi Stanislav
Published: August 2024

The author analyzes Russian communo-socialism and its implementation in Russia and Ukraine. He proves that Lenin’s communo-socialism had nothing in common with European socialism, except for Marxist phraseology, but it found support among the masses of the people who were gripped by ‘unconscious socialism’. Lenin and his successors created a totalitarian structure of power and property through triple expropriation: the Bolshevik Party was expropriated by its leaders; the Soviet state — by the Bolshevik Party; and the society — by the Soviet state. In Lenin’s Russia and in Ukraine, occupied by Russia, a unique in the history of state formation state society emerged. It had two power verticals, that seeped into the mass of the people — the unconstitutional party vertical (with the functions of a dictatorship) and the constitutional Soviet one (with management functions).
O encontro real de 1909 em Vila Viçosa
Authors: Sousa Jorge Pedro , Azevedo Celiana
Published: August 2024

Os Reis de Portugal, D. Manuel II, e de Espanha, D Alfonso XIII, reuniram-se em Vila Viçosa, entre 12 e 15 de fevereiro de 1909, num momento de crise da Monarquia Portuguesa, ameaçada pelos republicanos, e em que Espanha, pelo contrário, saía da crise finissecular. Esta pesquisa analisa a narrativa iconográfica – contando com o texto verbal correlativo – que a revista semanal ilustrada Ilustração Portuguesa construiu do encontro, por meio de uma análise qualiquantitativa do discurso, com os objetivos de determinar a sua estrutura temática, explicitar as propostas de geração de significado sugeridas para o acontecimento e entender o conceito de reportagem fotográfica existente ao tempo. Concluiu-se que a reportagem fotográfica apresenta traços atuais, como a exploração de peculiaridades visuais de interesse humano, e outros datados, como a dominância de planos gerais e de conjunto. Concluiu-se, também, que existe tensão entre o texto verbal, que, pontualmente, se refere à imaturidade de D. Manuel II, e a narrativa iconográfica, que produz uma impressão positiva sobre o encontro dos reis e sobre os soberanos, destacando-se a associação de D. Alfonso XIII a símbolos e atos próprios de um rei moderno, que poderia ser modelo para D. Manuel II.
Hunting activity in the Cerrado of Maranhão: techniques and associated sociocultural factors
Authors: Cardoso dos Santos Pedro Victor , Silva Ferreira Felipe , Vieira Brito Samuel
Published: August 2024

Hunting activity and the use of fauna are ancient practices that reveal meaningful connections with biodiversity. Such activities present patterns of use and consumption linked to sociocultural factors, such as land situation and financial condition. However, hunting pressure can cause the decline of wild animal populations, which is a conservationist concern. For this reason, this research aims to provide an inventory of the most cited species during hunting and analyze the sociocultural characteristics of those practicing this activity in a Cerrado location in Northeast Brazil. The information was obtained through semi-structured questionnaires, complemented by informal conversations, with 21 hunters aged between 18 and 72 years. Additionally, the Generalized Linear Model (GLM) verified whether socioeconomic factors influence hunting activity in the municipality of Anapurus - MA. The analyses reported 23 taxa were cited, of which 20 identified at species level and 3 at genus level, with their uses linked to food, and among the two groups cited: mammals and birds, the second group had the highest number of citations. The analyzed data showed that none of the socioeconomic factors selected could affect hunting in the municipality, implying that cultural and traditional aspects are the primary influence.
Egy pohár tiszta víz – A húgyhólyagfájdalom-szindróma kivizsgálásának és kezelésének útmutatója
Authors: Romics Miklós , Majoros Attila
Published: August 2024

A húgyhólyagfájdalom-szindróma (latin nevén cystitis interstitialis)
kivizsgálásának és kezelésének számos elismert és tudományosan alátámasztott,
ugyanakkor sok alternatív, kevesebb evidenciával rendelkező megoldása és
módozata ismert. Munkánkban összegyűjtöttük a kórállapotra vonatkozó hazai és
nemzetközi irányvonalakat és útmutatásokat, hogy tisztázzuk, melyek azok a nagy
evidenciájú módszerek, amelyek a legnagyobb biztonsággal és bizonyossággal
segítenek a helyes diagnózis megállapításában, és vezetnek a krónikus
hólyagfájdalomtól szenvedő személyek panaszainak enyhítéséhez. Orv Hetil. 2024;
165(31): 1191–1196.
Palliatív mobil team ellátás mint integrált betegellátási modell
Authors: Szigeti Nóra , Wittmann István , Lukács Miklós , Csikós Ágnes
Published: August 2024

A palliatív ellátás a krónikus, progresszív betegségben szenvedő, előrehaladott
stádiumú betegek gondozási formája, melynek célja az életminőség javítása. Ezen
ellátási forma feladata a komplex tüneti terhek csökkentése, a túlkezelések
elkerülésének biztosítása, valamint az ellátás előzetes tervezésének segítése. A
palliatív ellátás alkalmazása nemcsak a daganatos, hanem a súlyos
szervelégtelenségben vagy dementiában szenvedő betegek esetében is szükséges. A
be gyógyászati fekvőbetegosztályok nagyszámú idős, súlyos állapotú, jelentős
komorbiditásokkal bíró betegeinek terápiájában ennek megfelelően a szokványos
kezelésekkel együtt történő alkalmazása kiemelt fontosságú. Munkánkban a pécsi
integrált palliatív betegellátási rendszer részeként működő Klinikai Palliatív
Mobil Team rövid ismertetését követően bemutatjuk a palliatív ellátási rendszer
kialakításának folyamatát belgyógyászati osztályunkon. A rendszer létrehozásához
az ellátási forma kiépítésére nyitott intézetvezetés, a szakápolók és az orvosok
oktatása, a speciális gyógyszerek naprakész hozzáférésének megteremtése,
valamint a betegvizitek folyamatának kidolgozása is rendkívüli fontosságú.
Közleményünk célja, hogy a folyamat ismertetésével segítsük hasonló palliatív
ellátórendszerek kialakítását a fekvőbeteg-ellátás súlyos állapotú betegeinek
kezeléséhez. Az ellátási forma a betegek életminőségének javításán túl a kezelés
költségét is csökkenti. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(31): 1186–1190.
Terápiás kihívások nehezen kezelhető, penetráló Crohn-betegségben – multidiszciplináris megoldás
Authors: Farkas Bernadett , Bacsur Péter , Ivány Emese , Bálint Anita , Rutka Mariann , Farkas Klaudia , Molnár Tamás
Published: August 2024

A rectovaginalis fistula a penetráló Crohn-betegség ritka szövődménye, jelenléte
esetén a gyógyszeres kezelés és a sebészeti beavatkozás együttes alkalmazása
javasolt. Habár perianalis sipollyal szövődött Crohn-betegség esetén a
TNFα-blokkolók hatékonyak lehetnek, rectovaginalis fistula esetén kisebb
hatékonyság mutatkozik, feltehetően anatómiai okok, valamint a gyulladás talaján
megváltozott szövetekbe történő csökkent penetrációs készség miatt. Az újabb
biologikumok és kis molekulájú szerek hatékonyságáról és biztonságosságáról
penetráló Crohn-betegségben kevés adat áll rendelkezésünkre. Esetünk egy fiatal
penetráló Crohn-beteg nőről szól, aki közepesen súlyos/súlyos betegségaktivitás
és kiújuló rectovaginalis fistula miatt több vonalbeli biológiai kezelésben
részesült. Ultimum refugiumként deviáló ileostoma képzése
történt, illetve upadacitinib indult ötödik terápiás vonalként. 12 hetes
indukciót követően a rectovaginalis sipoly teljes bezáródását, valamint a
vastagbél teljes szakaszán komplett nyálkahártya-gyógyulást tapasztaltunk. Az
ileostoma zárását aktivitásfokozódás vagy fistulakiújulás nem követte. A
szelektív JAK1-gátló upadacitinib hatékonynak mutatkozott stomaképzést követően,
nehezen kezelhető, közepesen súlyos-súlyos luminalis aktivitást mutató, recidív
rectovaginalis fistulával szövődött Crohn-betegségben. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(32):
1252–1257.