bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water-drinking Test in Normal Tension Glaucoma Patients with and without High Myopia
Authors: Chen Alexander , Kuo Ming-Tse , Lin Pei-Wen
Published: December 2021

This prospective study aims to evaluate the correlation between myopic severity and normal tension glaucoma (NTG) by investigating IOP changes following water-drinking test (WDT). We reviewed 61 patients with NTG during an interval of three years, of which 31 were highly myopic (HM) and 30 were non-highly myopic (NHM). Basic characteristics such as age, gender, spherical equivalence, baseline IOP, visual field parameters, and average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness were compared between NTG patients with and without high myopia. The IOP parameters obtained following WDT were then compared between the HM and NHM NTG groups. Intragroup analysis revealed significant IOP elevation following WDT within the 45-minute duration in both groups. However, no significant differences in IOP parameters were observed between the HM and NHM NTG groups. In conclusion, although the pattern of IOP fluctuations was different, the extent of IOP fluctuations and peak IOP following WDT was similar between the HM and NHM NTG groups, suggesting that myopic severity probably has a limited role in NTG. Lastly, WDT was an effective tool for eliciting IOP peaks when 24-hour IOP monitoring is not available.
The Ameliorative Effect of Lactobacillus Paracasei BEJ01 Against FB1 Induced Spermatogenesis Disturbance, Testicular Oxidative Stress and Histopathological Damage
Authors: EZDINI Khawla , salah-Abbès Jalila Ben , Belgacem Hela , chaieb kamel , Abbès Samir
Published: December 2021

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) was a possible carcinogenic molecule for humans as classified by the IARC on 2B group. In livestock, it was responsible for several mycotoxicosis and economic losses. Lactobacillus strains, inhabitants of a wide range of foodstuffs as well as our gastro-intestinal tract, were Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS). Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the protective effect of Lactobacillus paracasei (LP) against FB1 induced reprotoxicities including testicular histopathology, sperm quality disturbance and testosterone level reduction. Pubescent mice were divided randomly into four groups as bellow: Group1: Control; Group 2: FB1 (100 µg/kg b.w); Group 3: LP (2× 109 CFU/kg b.w); Group 4: LP (2× 109 CFU/kg b.w) and FB1 (100 µg/kg b.w) to be then treated for 10 days. After the end of the treatment, animals were sacrificed; the plasma and epididyms and testicles were harvested to the reproductive system studies. Our results highlighted that LP counteracted the harmful effect generated by FB1. Indeed; it induced sperm quality reduction, oxidative stress generation and histological alterations. In conclusion, the used strain was able to prevent FB1-reproductive system damages of in balb/c mice and could be valorised as an anti-cating agent in animal FB1-contaminated diet.
Gadolinium-Based Nanoparticles Combined With Checkpoint Blockade Amplify Radiation-Induced Abscopal Effect And Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Song Huijuan , He Ningning , Xu Chang , Wang Yan , Du Liqing , Liu Yang , Wang Qin , Ji Kaihua , Wang Jinhan , Zhang Manman , Gu Yeqing , Zhang Yumin , Wang Weiwei , Tillement Olivier , Feng Li , Liu Qiang
Published: December 2021

Both immunotherapy checkpoint blocking and radiotherapy used alone in solid tumors show limited anticancer effect, due to the insufficient T cells infiltration and rarely elicited systemic immune responses. Methods: AGuIX has recently been developed for magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiotherapy and proven to act as an efficient radiosensitizer. In order to further improve the efficiency of tumor treatment, a unique synergistic strategy based on Gadolinium-based nanoparticles-AGuIX mediated radiotherapy and immunotherapy checkpoint blocking was developed for B16 tumor therapy in the present study. Clone formation, cell apoptosis and immunofluorescence were performed to detect the radiosensitization effect of AGuIX nanoparticles. The therapeutic effect was validated in both abscopal and metastasis tumor models, and analyzed the synergistic mechanism in vivo. Results: AGuIX as a radiosensitizer exacerbated radiation-induced DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis on B16 cells. More importantly, it could efficiently induce the immunogenic cell death (ICD) of irradiated B16 tumor cells, and consequently triggered the maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) and activated systemic T-cell responses. Combining AGuIX-mediated radiotherapy with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) blocking demonstrated excellent synergistic therapeutic effects in both abscopal and metastasis tumor models by a significant increase in the infiltration of effector CD8+ T cells and effectively alleviating the immunosuppressive microenvironment, including regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumors.Conclusion: Our findings indicate that this combination therapy provided a new and powerful immunotherapy model to achieve durable anti-tumor responses, which is likely to be a promising comprehensive treatment strategy for cancer treatment.
Automated VHF-Radio Telemetry Reveals Resource-Driven Site Utilisation Patterns in a Small-Bodied, Highly Mobile Bird (Erythrura Gouldiae)
Authors: Hayward-Brown Brittany K , Crewe Tara L , Collett Sydney J , Udyawer Vinay , Radford Ian J , Campbell Mariana A , Campbell Hamish A
Published: December 2021

BackgroundInformation on site utilisation and movement is essential for managing species' resource requirements. Collecting these data requires frequent location sampling of multiple individuals, which can be challenging for small-bodied animals due to the often-large size of animal-borne satellite-based telemetry devices. We show how coded VHF-radio nano-transmitters and an array of passive receivers to collect location data at sufficient frequency and accuracy can be utilised to test whether the highly mobile and small-bodied Gouldian finch adheres to optimal foraging theory within a landscape of high spatiotemporal heterogeneity.MethodsCoded VHF-radio nano-transmitters (0.23 g wt.) were attached to 38 Gouldian finches (Erythrura gouldiae; < 12g bd. wt). Tagged birds were then detected by an array of 6 passive VHF-radio receivers (~ 530 m detection range) spread over 120 km2. We tracked the tagged birds during two sessions corresponding with high and low abundance of their primary food resource (Sorghum spp. seed). The mean and total duration that an individual spent within any receiver detection field (residence time) were used as dependants in a generalised linear mixed model approach within a Bayesian framework to assess the influence of tracking session, life stage, receiver site, and release site. Network analysis revealed the importance of specific areas for the finches within the receiver array using the proportional time a bird spent within any receiver's detection field and the movement between adjacent detection fields. ResultsThe daily mean and total duration that a tagged individual spent within a receiver detection field decreased by ~50% between periods of high and low seed availability, while the extent of movements across the landscape increased with a decline in seed resources. These data support the hypothesis that the Gouldian finch adheres to optimal foraging theory to survive periods of food scarcity. ConclusionsThe data collected via passive telemetry technology support the hypothesis that the Gouldian finch adheres to optimal foraging theory and uses alternative behavioural strategies to survive periods of food scarcity. Specifically, we found that Gouldian finches reduced the time spent foraging within a patch, increased the frequency of transit flights among patches, and expanded the size of their activity space as grass resources declined.
Genetic Genealogy Uncovers a Founder Deletion Mutation in the Cerebral Cavernous Malformations 2 Gene
Authors: Gallione Carol J , Detter Matthew R , Christmas Henrietta M , Lee Cornelia , Marchuk Douglas A
Published: December 2021

Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are vascular malformations consisting of collections of enlarged capillaries occurring in the brain or spinal cord. These vascular malformations can occur sporadically or susceptibility to develop these can be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait due to mutation in one of three genes. Over a decade ago, we described a 77.6 Kb germline deletion spanning exons 2-10 in the CCM2 gene found in multiple affected individuals from seemingly unrelated families. Segregation analysis using linked, microsatellite markers indicated that this deletion may have arisen at least twice independently. In the ensuing decades, many more CCM patients have been identified with this deletion. In this present study we examined 27 reportedly unrelated affected individuals with this deletion. To investigate the origin of the deletion at base pair level resolution, we sequenced approximately 10 Kb upstream and downstream from the recombination junction on the deleted allele. All patients showed the identical SNP haplotype across this combined 20 Kb interval. In parallel, genealogical records have traced 11 of these individuals to five separate pedigrees dating as far back as the 1600-1700’s. These haplotype and genealogical data suggest that these families and the remaining “unrelated” samples converge on a common ancestor due to a founder mutation occurring centuries ago on the North American continent. We also note that another gene, NACAD, is included in this deletion. Although patient self-reporting does not indicate an apparent phenotypic consequence for heterozygous deletion of NACAD, further investigation is warranted for these patients.
Coronavirus Stress and Overeating: The Mediating Role of Anxiety and the Moderating Role of COVID-19 Burnout
Authors: Wang Ruining , Ye Baojuan , Yang Qiang
Published: December 2021

Background: This study examined the mediating effect of anxiety and the moderating effect of COVID-19 burnout on the relationship between coronavirus stress and overeating among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 period. Methods: 2926 Chinese students (Mage = 19.90, SD = 1.47, range = 18 - 25, 54.3% female) completed self-reported questionnaires regarding coronavirus stress, anxiety, overeating, and COVID-19 burnout. The data was analyzed using Pearson’s r correlations and moderated mediation analysis. Results: The results revealed that anxiety mediated the link between coronavirus stress and college students’ overeating. College students’ COVID-19 burnout moderated the associations between anxiety and college students’ overeating. The association between coronavirus stress and anxiety was stronger for those with higher COVID-19 burnout. Discussion and conclusion: Findings of this study demonstrated that coronavirus stress was positively related to anxiety, which in turn, was related to overeating in college students. COVID-19 burnout enhanced this effect at indirect mediation paths, suggesting that college students with greater COVID-19 burnout may be more likely to have overeating behavior. This study identified the critical factors associated with overeating; it supplies empirical support for existing theories and provides practical implications for interventions aiming to decrease Chinese college students’ overeating during COVID-19 period.
AI-Based Decision System to Evaluate Scenarios of Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Evidence From Barcelona and Manhattan
Authors: Grimaldi Didier , Arboleda Hugo , Esqui Karla
Published: December 2021

In 2020, the COVID-19 outbreak has had severe economic and social consequences all over the planet. Traditional national health systems have been unable to predict and to provide a decision support system able to coordinate an effective response to the outbreak and to stop the rapid spread of this disease. In this current manuscript, we have decided to focus our analysis on Small and Medium Businesses (SMBs). While some SMBs have survived, many others, particularly in urban areas, have had to shut down as a direct decision of government restrictions. Our study presents a decision support system based on Artificial Intelligence which helps governments to prioritize the closures of SMBs located in a city. Indeed, the decision to shut down may vary according to the relative danger that the business premises represent as a social gathering point and its benefits for the local economy. In this vein, we analyse 3 different scenarios which assume different financial and social costs. The visualization of the results on a city map provides additional value for the decision-making process. The Urban Decision Support System is tested by two case studies: Barcelona and New York City. This research has implications for practitioners to support their decision to close-down the economies in the event of another large-scale outbreak. It has also research implications as new evidence that data analytics could be an additional and valuable source of information for decision support processes.
Design and Synthesis of Some New Derivatives of Chlorobenzyl-Oxy-Phenyl-Ethyl-Thio-1H-Tetrazole and Study Their Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity
Authors: Ambhore Ajay N
Published: December 2021

In recent years tetrazole scaffolds have been attracted interest in the field of synthetic and medicinal chemistry research. The unique structure of the tetrazole derivatives exhibits widespread applications in biology and technology. The close structural resemblance with carboxylic acid acts as a booster of the latter. Due to this diversified potential utilization, several methods are reported for the synthesis of tetrazole scaffolds.
Here in this chapter, we describe the synthesis of chlorobenzyl-oxy-phenyl-ethyl-thio-1H-tetrazole derivatives ( 6a-p ). The newly synthesized derivatives are characterized by spectral characterization and screened for their antifungal activity. Among these, some of the newly synthesized compounds show potent antifungal activity.
Acetyl-cinobufagin Suppresses Triple Negative Breast Cancer Progression by Inhibiting the STAT3 Pathway
Authors: Qi Yufeng , Zhu Tianru , Liu Zitian , Liu Conghui , Yan Congzhi , Wu Zhixuan , Xu Yiying , Bai Ying , Yang Lehe , Cheng Dezhi , Zhang Xiaohua , Zhao Haiyang , Zhao Chengguang , Dai Xuanxuan
Published: December 2021

Background: The incidence of breast cancer (BC) worldwide has increased substantially in recent years. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) refers to a crucial event impacting tumor heterogeneity. Although cinobufagin acts as an effective anticancer agent, the clinical use of cinobufagin is limited due to its strong toxicity. Acetyl-cinobufagin, a pre-drug of cinobufagin, was developed and prepared with greater efficacy and lower toxicity.Methods: A heterograft mouse model using triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines, was used to evaluate the potency of acetyl-cinobufagin. Signal transducer and stimulator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/EMT involvement was investigated by gene knockout experiments using siRNA and Western blot analysis.Results: Acetyl-cinobufagin inhibited proliferation, migration, and cell cycle S/G2 transition and promoted apoptosis in TNBC cells in vitro. In general, IL6 triggered the phosphorylation of the transcription factor STAT3 thereby activating the STAT3 pathway and inducing EMT. Mechanistically, acetyl-cinobufagin suppressed the phosphorylation of the transcription factor STAT3 and blocked the interleukin (IL6)-triggered translocation of STAT3 to the cell nucleus. In addition, acetyl-cinobufagin suppressed EMT in TNBC by inhibiting the STAT3 pathway. Experiments in an animal modelof breast cancer clearly showed that acetyl-cinobufagin was able to reduce tumor growth.Conclusions: The findings of this study support the potential clinical use of acetyl-cinobufagin as a STAT3 inhibitor in TNBC adjuvant therapy.
Elimination and Reduction of Harmful Substances in Cigarette Smoke, Using Nanomaterials: Study Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Chalak Mohammad Hossein , Shekaftik Soqrat Omari , Jafari Hossein , Ghaffari Hamid Reza , Dadipoor Sakineh , Popov Tsvetan Ivanov
Published: December 2021

Background
Cigarette smoke is an aerosol containing more than thousands of chemical compounds, several of which are carcinogens and toxic. Many efforts have been made to use nanomaterials (NMs) to remove and filter toxic substances in cigarette smoke. Due to the characteristics of MLs and their selectivity to different compounds, NMs have a high potential for practical application in reducing harmful compounds in cigarette smoke. The objective of this systematic review is to collect, combine, and analyze the basic intervention research on NMs for removal and reduction of harmful substances in cigarette smoke. This systematic review will determine the most important factors and expected characterizations for the development or commercialization of a new filters. Finally, we will review the challenges of using NMs-based interventions.
Methods
This protocol is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-P protocol and Cochrane methodology. The inclusion/exclusion criteria are determined based on PICOTS (Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, Time, Study Design) Framework. The Comprehensive literature searches will be conducted in international databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and 3Iranian database, including SID, Iranmedex and Magiran. The quality of the papers and the risk of bias will be assessed using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) methodology. The results will be presented in the text as well as in a table and figure based on the SWiM guidelines (Synthesis Without Meta-analysis). the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist and guidelines will be tracked to certify a robustness and reproducibility of the process.
Discussion
A comprehensive analysis of the studies conducted in this field can identify research needs, examine the current and expected situation, provide the necessary parameters for research and development of new filters and ultimately determine the effective priorities for further effective interventions.
Dielectric Constant, Metallization Criterion and Optical Properties of CuO Doped TeO2-B2O3 Glasses
Authors: NIDZAM NAZIRUL NAZRIN SHAHROL , Umar S.A. , Halimah M.K. , Marian M.M. , Najwa Z.W. , Jufa M.S. , Syahirah M.T. , Zuhasanah Z. , Azlan M.N. , Geidam I.G. , Boukhris Imed
Published: December 2021

Copper oxide doped TeO2 – B2O3 glass system with empirical formula; [(B2O3)0.3(TeO2)0.7]1-x(CuO)x using the melt quenching method, where x = 0.0, 0.01, 0.015, 0.02, and 0.025 was combined. The glass samples’ density and molar volume were measured, followed by characterizations using the UV-Vis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopes. The amorphous or glassy nature of glass samples was proven by the XRD spectra except for the pure borotellurite sample which showed a peak around 2θ = 20o, indicating α-TeO2 crystalline phase presence. The FTIR spectral analysis suggested the presence of BO3, TeO3 and TeO4 as the structural functional units in the glass samples. The UV-Vis spectra showed no presence of any sharply defined edges, affirming the amorphous or glassy nature of the glass materials. Physical parameters e.g. molar volume, density, oxygen packing density (OPD), inter ionic distance of Cu2+ ions, concentration of copper ion per unit volume (N), as well as the polaron radius data were presented and discussed. Also, the direct bandgap (3.8900 to 3.5900 eV) , indirect bandgap (3.3200 to 3.0800 eV), refractive index (2.318 to 2.378), dielectric constant (5.3731 to 5.6549), optical dielectric constant (4.3731 to 4.6549), refractive index based metallization criterion (0.406885 to 0.391916) and the band gap based metallization criterion (0.407431 to 0.392428) were analysed and discussed. Based on the metallization criterion and values of refractive index, the glasses are good candidates for optoelectronic and laser applications. Meanwhile, the dielectric constants’ values of the present glasses indicate their suitability bandpass filters and microelectronic substrates applications.
A Critical Analysis of the Multi-Focus Images Fusion Based on Discrete Wavelet Transform and Computer Vision
Authors: Gebremeskel Gebeyehu Belay
Published: December 2021

This paper focused on the challenge of image fusion processing and lack of reliable image information and proposed multi-focus image fusion using discrete wavelet transforms and computer vision techniques for the fused image coefficient selection process. I made an in-depth analysis and improvement on the existing algorithms from the wavelet transform and the rules of multi-focus image fusion object features’ extractions. The wavelet transform uses authentic localization properties, and computer vision provides efficient processing time and is a powerful method to analyze object focus in the high-frequency precision and steps. The process of image fusion using wavelet transformation is the wavelet basis function and wavelet decomposition level in iterative experiments to enhance fused image information. The rules of multi-focus image fusions are the wavelet transformation on the features of the high-frequency coefficients, which enhance the fusion image features reliability on the frequency domain and regional contrast of the object.
Worldwide clustering and infection cycles as universal features of multiscale stochastic processes in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Authors: Dankulov Marija Mitrovic , Tadic Bosiljka , Melnik Roderick
Published: December 2021

Predicting the evolution of the current epidemic depends significantly on understanding the nature of the underlying stochastic processes. To unravel the global features of these processes, we analyse the world data of SARS-CoV-2 infection events, scrutinising two eight-month periods associated with the epidemic’s outbreak and initial immunisation phase. Based on the correlation-network mapping, K-means clustering, and multifractal time series analysis, our results reveal universal patterns, suggesting potential predominant drivers of the pandemic. More precisely, the Laplacian eigenvectors localisation has revealed robust communities of different countries and regions that then cluster according to similar shapes of infection fluctuations. Apart from quantitative measures, the immunisation phase differs significantly from the epidemic outbreak by the countries and regions constituting each cluster. While the similarity grouping possesses some regional components, the appearance of large clusters spanning different geographic locations is persevering. Furthermore, cyclic trends are characteristic of the identified clusters, dominating large temporal fluctuations of infection evolution, which are prominent in the immunisation phase. Meanwhile, persistent fluctuations around the local trend occur in intervals smaller than 14 days. These results provide a basis for further research into the interplay between biological and social factors as the primary cause of infection cycles and a better understanding of the impact of socio-economical and environmental factors at different phases of the pandemic.
Influence of the Distance Between Nozzle and Substrate on Structural, Photoluminescence, and Detector Characteristics of p-NiO/n-Si Hetero-Junction Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis Method
Authors: Abed Husam R. , Khudadad Ameer I. , Oleiwi Fadhil Mahmood
Published: December 2021

In the present investigation, p-NiO has been deposited on n-Si (100) substrate by the spray pyrolysis method. The effect of the distance between the substrate and the nozzle on the structural, photoluminescence, and detection properties has been well inspected. XRD analysis proved the polycrystalline system with a cubic structure for NiO. The elemental analysis confirmed the existence of Ni, O, and Si materials without any impurities. The FESEM analysis showed nano and micro particles distributed on the Si layer, the micro particles have porous like structures which play a significant role as photons guider. The photoluminescence measurement depicted three main peaks at the UV and visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum which are related to near band edge emission and defects within the crystal, respectively. I-V characteristics revealed good conductivity under UV illumination, and the highest current was recorded by a sample when the distance between the nozzle and the substrate is 25 cm. The responsivity elucidated a high value at UV region with 6.5 mA/W, and the current-time properties demonstrated good reproducibility, high stability and photoresponse, and rapid response and recovery times of 0.375 and 0.791 s, respectively at a lower bias voltage of 1.5 Volt under UV photons source.
Multilayered MapReduce Framework to Link Cybernetic Vulnerabilities and Cybernetic Laws from E-News Articles
Authors: P SUDHANDRADEVI
Published: December 2021

The growth of technology evaluation and the influence of smart gazettes, which have a very complex structure, the amount of data in an organization, E-Commerce, and ERP explodes. When data is processed as described, it becomes the engine of every individual. According to projections from 2025, social media, IoT, streaming data, and geodata will generate 80% of unstructured data, and there will be 4.8 billion tech enthusiasts. The most popular social media trend allows users to access publicly available data. Hackers are highly qualified in both the web space and the dark web, and the rise of complexity and digitization of this public access will cause loopholes in legislation. The major goal of this study is to gather information about the cyber vulnerability of electronic news. Data collection, text standardization, and feature extraction were all part of the initial step. In the second step, MapReduce was used to obtain demographic insights using a multi-layered categorization strategy. Cybercrime is classified using a classifier technique, and the model has a 53 percent accuracy rate. Phishing is a result of cyber weaknesses, and it has been discovered in a higher number of metropolitan cities. Men, rather than women, make up the majority of crime victims. Individuals should be made aware of secure access to websites and media, according to the findings of the study. People should be aware of cyber vulnerabilities, as well as cyber laws enacted under the IPC, the IT Act 2000, and CERT-In.
A target engagement assay to assess uptake, potency and retention of antibiotics in living bacteria
Authors: Couñago Rafael , Fanti Rebeka , Vasconcelos Stanley , Catta-Preta Carolina , Sullivan Jaryd , Riboldi Gustavo , Reis Caio dos , Ramos Priscila , Edwards Aled , Behr Marcel
Published: December 2021

A major challenge in antibiotics drug discovery is to turn potent biochemical inhibitors of essential bacterial components into effective antimicrobials. This difficulty is underpinned by a lack of methods to investigate the physicochemical properties needed for candidate antibiotics to permeate the bacterial cell envelope and avoid clearance by the action of bacterial efflux pumps. To address these issues, here we used a target engagement assay to measure the equilibrium and kinetics binding parameters of antibiotics to their molecular targets in live bacteria. We validated this approach for a known antibiotic target, dihydrofolate reductase, using the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and the emerging human pathogen Mycobacterium abscessus. We expect the use of similar target engagement assays to expedite the discovery and progression of novel, cell-permeable antibiotics with on-target activity.
Excess Noise Factor in Avalanche Photodiodes with Dead Space Effect
Authors: Angadi Vignesh Reddy
Published: December 2021

This project aims to produce a graphical user interface (GUI) for MATLAB programs written byJ.S.Marsland as part of his research into the excess noise factor in avalanche photodiodes (APDs). TheGUI will be produced using the GUIDE package supplied with the MATLAB software combined withthe MATLAB programs. The GUI will then be used to compare this research work with the researchwork of others e.g. the Monte Carlo calculations made by the research group at the FrenchAerospace Laboratory (ONERA). Comparison with other research work will require the digitization ofsome graphs published in academic journals.
A Rigorous Analysis of Self-Heating Effects in Nanoscale Dielectric Pocket Double-Gate-All-Around (DP-DGAA) MOSFETs
Authors: Purwar Vaibhav , Gupta Rajeev , Tiwari Pramod Kumar , Dubey Sarvesh
Published: December 2021

Dielectric Pocket Double-Gate-All-Around (DP-DGAA) MOSFETs are one of the preferred choices for ULSI applications because of significantly low off-current, reduced power dissipation, and high immunity to short channel effect. However, DP-DGAA MOSFETs suffer from self-heating owing to the unavailability of proper heat take-out paths. In this paper, the electrothermal (ET) simulations have been performed with hydrodynamic and thermodynamic transport models to analyze the self-heating effects (SHEs) in DP-DGAA MOSFETs. The electrothermal characteristics against various device parameters such as spacer length, device thickness, thermal contact resistance, and drain voltage have been investigated. The effect of SHE on the drive current has also been evaluated. Further, the impact of thermal contact resistance and ambient temperature variations of the device on SHE and thermal noise have been analyzed using Sentaurus TCAD simulator.
Cross-Sectional Study of Cholinergic Urticaria Subtypes And Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness
Authors: Katsurada Naoko , Nagano Tatsuya , Yamamoto Masatsugu , Kiriu Tatsunori , Dokuni Ryota , Kamiryo Hiroshi , Yoshioka Ai , Fukunaga Atsushi , Nishigori Chikako , Nishimura Yoshihiro , Kobayashi Kazuyuki
Published: December 2021

Background: Cholinergic urticaria (CholU) is classified into several subtypes: 1) conventional sweat allergy-type CholU (conventional SAT-CholU), 2) CholU with palpebral angioedema (CholU-PA), 3) CholU with acquired anhidrosis and/or hypohidrosis (CholU-Anhd); 1) and 2) include SAT based on pathogenesis. There have been no studies on differences in the prevalence of bronchial asthma among the subtypes. We evaluated the bronchial responsiveness of each subtype. Methods: We analyzed bronchial responsiveness using the methacholine dose indicator Dmin, respiratory symptoms, and exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Results: Median log10 Dmin (interquartile range) of patients with conventional SAT-CholU (n=11), CholU-PA (n=11), and CholU-Anhd (n=11) was 0.381 (−0.829, 1.079), 0.717 (0.249, 0.787), and 1.318 (0.121, 1.699), respectively (p=0.516). Respiratory symptoms evaluated using the International Primary Care Airways Group questionnaire were less frequently observed in CholU-Anhd (0 [0, 1]) than in conventional SAT-CholU (1 [0–2]) or CholU-PA (1 [1–3]) (p=0.049). FeNO of patients with conventional SAT-CholU, CholU-PA, and CholU-Anhd was 23 (18.5, 65.0), 39 (32.0, 59.5), and 25 (19.0, 33.0) ppb, respectively (p=0.237). Conclusions: Log Dmin tended to be lower in patients with SAT-CholU than in those with CholU-Anhd. Distinguishing between CholU subtypes may reveal different degrees of bronchial responsiveness based on a distinct pathogenesis.
Novel Automotive Engine Shaft Made of Composite with and without Material Property Grading
Authors: Asiri Saeed Ahmed
Published: December 2021

Engine Shafts are a very critical component of Automotive and Aerospace. Their basic purpose is to transmit power by rotation. They suppose various parts like gears and pulleys, and they are supported by bearings, which reside in the rigid machine housing. In their operation, the shafts rotate and hence they are subjected to Torsion and Bending moments. Hence, it is critical for us to choose the best material and the surface treatment process to provide optimum performance for the shaft. The primary aspects to keep into consideration while choosing a material pertaining to surface selection are Wear Resistance and Corrosion resistance. It has been shown how the selection of shaft material affects these two factors. The shafts of 3 types of materials have been discussed in the paper, a homogeneous one, a composite material, and FGM. The best material considered is FGM for the optimum operation of the automotive engine shaft.
Caratteristiche e implicazioni di una glottodidattica mobile. Un possibile quadro teorico-metodologico di riferimento
Authors: Peppoloni Diana
Published: December 2021

Il presente contributo intende fornire una riflessione sulle potenzialità dell’utilizzo del Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) nella didattica delle lingue a distanza. Il MALL integra l’uso dei dispositivi mobili nel processo di insegnamento linguistico (Bezircilioğlu, 2016), costituendo una modalità motivante per gli studenti, che utilizzano strumenti familiari per elaborare nuova conoscenza. In base al principio dell’anytime, anywhere (Kukulska-Hulme & Shield, 2008), gli apprendenti possono rapportarsi con il docente e i propri pari da luoghi diversi e consultare i materiali anche in modalità asincrona (Chuang, 2016). A partire dalla definizione di MALL, ci si è chiesti quali siano i benefici e i limiti di tale approccio, nonché le sue implicazioni glottodidattiche. Le risposte a tali interrogativi si inseriscono in un quadro teorico-metodologico dedicato allo sviluppo di una glottodidattica mobile standardizzata, in cui vengono forniti anche esempi di attività utili in un corso di lingua a distanza.
Didattica delle lingue a distanza durante l’emergenza Covid-19: il quadro generale
Authors: Conti Sergio
Published: December 2021

In seguito allo spostamento delle attività didattiche online al fine di contenere la diffusione della malattia da nuovo Coronavirus, il Gruppo di Ricerca e azione sull’Apprendimento delle Lingue ha diffuso un questionario volto a valutare l’impatto della didattica a distanza sull’insegnamento delle lingue straniere durante. All’indagine hanno partecipato 136 docenti e 241 studenti, sia universitari che di scuola secondaria. Scopo del presente contributo è quello di descrivere la composizione del questionario e del campione dei rispondenti, e di riportare i principali risultati. In particolare, dall’indagine sono emersi: (i) una mancanza di chiare direttive da parte delle istituzioni scolastiche, sintomo del carattere emergenziale delle misure intraprese; (ii) una generale resistenza a sperimentare formati didattici inediti e più adeguati al mezzo digitale; (iii) il maggiore svantaggio nello sviluppo delle abilità interazionali e di produzione orale; (iv) un alto grado di criticità nel garantire l’affidabilità e l’integrità delle prove di valutazione.
Dalla valutazione in DaD alle scale di valutazione dell’adeguatezza
Authors: Del Bono Federica , Bonvino Elisabetta
Published: December 2021

Il presente contributo analizza la valutazione delle competenze linguistiche nella Didattica a Distanza (DaD) durante il periodo di emergenza sanitaria (Covid-19). Dall’analisi delle risposte a un questionario somministrato a docenti di lingue, emerge che la valutazione delle lingue straniere ha risentito notevolmente di questa nuova modalità di insegnamento e che alcune delle difficoltà valutative riscontrate in DaD possano essere in parte risolte assumendo una prospettiva di valutazione globale, che integri le diverse competenze e abilità degli apprendenti, attraverso attività task-based. Dopo aver illustrato le diverse soluzioni adottate dai docenti durante la DaD, vengono presentati i presupposti della valutazione task-based e si evidenziano i potenziali vantaggi dell’applicazione didattica delle scale di adeguatezza funzionale.
Exact relaxation to Gibbs and non-equilibrium steady states in the quantum cellular automaton Rule 54
Authors: Klobas Katja , Bertini Bruno
Published: December 2021

We study the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of the quantum cellular
automaton Rule 54 using a time-channel approach. We exhibit a family of
(non-equilibrium) product states for which we are able to describe
exactly the full relaxation dynamics. We use this to prove that finite
subsystems relax to a one-parameter family of Gibbs states. We also
consider inhomogeneous quenches. Specifically, we show that when the two
halves of the system are prepared in two different solvable states,
finite subsystems at finite distance from the centre eventually relax to
the non-equilibrium steady state (NESS) predicted by generalised
hydrodynamics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first exact
description of the relaxation to a NESS in an interacting system and,
therefore, the first independent confirmation of generalised
hydrodynamics for an inhomogeneous quench.
Implementation Fiduciary Registration According to Finance Ministry, Police, and Financial Services Authority (OJK)
Authors: Johan Suwinto
Published: December 2021

The research aimed to research fiduciary guarantees registration from a legal perspective, especially the executive or administrative regulations. The research examined the existing regulations and laws by analysing primary and secondary data using normative juridical methods. There were three legal material inventory, namely primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The research concludes that the fiduciary registration obligations stipulated in the Regulation of Minister of Finance (PMK) Number 130/PMK.010/2012 are not in synchronic with the Financial Services Authority Regulation (POJK) Number 29/POJK.05/2014, which was replaced by the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 35/POJK.05/2018. Revocation of Regulation of Minister of Finance Number 130/PMK.010/ 2012 by Regulation of the Minister of Finance Number 23/PMK.010/2017 is not accompanied by amendments to the Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia National Police Number 8 of 2011. The loan agreement remains valid if it fulfills the principles of the agreement. It is suggested that relevant institutions, particularly the Financial Services Authority (OJK) as the financial industry supervisor, take initiatives to synchronize all regulations for the implementation of fiduciary registration.
The notion of the prisoners’ rights protection
Authors: Romanov Mykhailo
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to a discussion of the notion of the prisoners’ rights protection. The author proceeds from the fact that the prisoners’ rights protection is a specific activity with a multidimensional impact on penal enforcement relations. The article addresses several points which together make it possible to formulate the notion of the prisoners’ rights protection. The author considers that the prisoners’ rights are of positive value (desirable value) and include not only status rights, but also other prisoner’s rights which, given their special status, have a special or complicated procedure. Moreover, fundamental to the understanding of the content of the prisoners’ rights protection is the assumption that the prisoners’ rights protection are a humanitarian value, as they contribute to the development of legal awareness and an understanding of the value of the law as a tool for protection. The researcher suggests that the prisoners should be regarded as a representative of the so-called vulnerable categories, as this situation highlights the limited status of the prisoners and the reduced arsenal of means of his defence. Such an approach also has a preventive purpose, since the legal and social status of the prisoners should lose its romance and attractiveness.
The paper argues that protection requires clear algorithms and implementation mechanisms, which need to be provided by a guarantee system and integrated into a single interconnected system.
In the conclusions, the researcher gives an author’s definition of the concept of the prisoners’ rights protection, which includes attributes of this institution.
Study the criminality of the Ukraine state system development according to the system technologystages
Authors: Obolentsev Valeriy
Published: December 2021

The state of Ukraine is a system object. Therefore, there are grounds to study it using the methods of system technique (system analysis and modeling).
The question of determining the development stage of system of the state of Ukraine is of crucial significance. In theory, there are five main stages: origin, formation, maturity, crisis, transformation.

The stage of occurrence of the need-request of a larger metasystem in respect of the new system functions.
The stage of the system formation up to the required (calculated) state.
Stage of design system operation with a quality level not less than planned one. During this period, due to aging or wear of the system elements and changes in the needs of the external environment, the system experiences a critical situation and the question arises: «What’s next?»
The stage of state change in the system. At the fourth stage, there are three options for changing the system state.

Option one. The system is forced to bend to circumstances and follow the path of regress aging and losing its qualities and inevitably approaching the moment of its death.
Option two. Upon availability of the necessary resources, attempts of the system to maintain itself in the state in which its primary target operation is still possible.
Option three. Transformation to another quality (if there is a decision of the management system in this regard and upon availability of the necessary resources), to a higher level due to changes in the state, properties of elements, structure and functions in order to achieve new functions.

Stage at which either a new system existence phase, that meets the needs of the metasystem, takes place or a new stage of the life cycle of a new (other) system, that appears as a result of the disposal of the old one, begins.

Accordingly, the systems are divided into those that are at the stage of origin, those that are at the stage of formation, those that are at the stage of maturity, those that are at the stage of crisis, and those that are at the stage of transformation.
In our opinion, the indicators of social, economic and political development of the country confirm the existence of the crisis as a stage of the system development of the state of Ukraine with prospects for the situation development according to the scenarios of the fourth or fifth stages.
Earlier we have considered crime as a separate system object. According to this approach, crime prevention should be understood as measures aimed at neutralizing the resources of this system, managing circumstances, performers, relations with the external environment and its inverse relations.
According to another approach, we have considered crime as a problem of a system object of the state of Ukraine. In this case, crime prevention should be understood as protection of existing social relations from illegal (criminal) changes in the elements state and avoidance of damage to lawful social relations by crimes.
Protection of civil property rights in case of recognition of the contract as not concluded
Authors: Surzhenko O. A.
Published: December 2021

The article examines the problems of protecting civil property rights, one of the ways of which is to recognize the transaction as invalid. When analyzing this method of protection, violations by a transaction of the conditions of its action, the legal nature of invalid transactions, individual grounds and legal consequences of their invalidity are considered. Transactions that have certain drawbacks, and therefore do not meet the conditions that make the person’s actions legitimate, closely intersect with other actions that also do not lead to the purpose for which they were committed. These are not concluded contracts. The plane of intersection of these actions is quite significant, and the criteria for their delimitation are not regulated in the law, but in judicial practice are sometimes worked out contradictory. This applies to non-compliance with the requirements for the form of the transaction (in particular, the signature of the person), essential conditions, and other provisions of the law.Protection of civil rights is one of the most important categories of the theory of civil and civil procedural law, without clarification of which it is very difficult to understand the nature and characteristics of civil sanctions, the mechanism of their implementation and other issues arising in connection with the violation of civil rights. It is noted that the originality of regulatory civil law is that it arises from legitimate legal actions and is aimed at satisfying any property need. The force of coercion gives it the ability to be provided with legal measures. The right (entitlement) to protection in regulatory legal relations is one of the transactions of any subjective civil law, according to which the rightholder can, in the event of violation of the right, make a demand for the protection of the violated civil law
On the legal regulation of economic and commercial activities in Ukraine
Authors: Krupa L. V.
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the current state of regulatory and legal regulation of trade activities in Ukraine. The problems of the place in the economic legislation of trade, its signs, system and tendencies of formation are considered. The conditionally general and special legislation regulating trade activity is allocated. There is a certain direction in the systematization of legal regulation depending on the object of regulation, namely the organization of the market and commodity affiliation. The analysis of the basic regulations in the field of trade is carried out.
Formulation of the problem. One of the factors that influenced the scientific interest was modern sociological research. Among them, it is widely believed that the global economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 virus has brought trade to the forefront of the national economy on the basis of growth in development. Thus, the Razumkov Center’s Annual Survey states: “According to the results of 2019, the share of manufacturing in the structure of GDP by production method was 10.8 %,  wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles – 13.2 %, then according to the results of three quarters of 2020. the corresponding figures were 10.2 % and 14 %. That is, the characteristic of the Ukrainian economy is increasingly not the creation of new modern products, but the repair and resale of obsolete products. In addition, recently there has been systemic uncertainty regarding the management and organization of economic activity by central government, which, accordingly, does not contribute to overcoming the crisis.
Analysis of recent research and publications. In the domestic science of economic law there are no modern studies of trade regulation as a kind of economic. Among the scientists who have conducted research in this area in the past can be distinguished G.F. Shershenevich, Ye.O. Krasheninnikov, D.V. Zerkalov, A.A. Popov. In the modern literature, some attention was paid to the legal regulation of trade L. Mikhnevych, N.V. Shigarova, K.I. Krolevetsky. Recognizing the contribution of these researchers, it should be noted that science does not meet the high demand for the formation of legislative policy to regulate trade relations, the creation of a single state ideology in the areas of legal regulation of trade and as a result - high business demand for legislation