bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Deuteration of heptamethine cyanine dyes enhances their emission efficacy
Authors: Janeková Hana , Friedman Hannah C. , Russo Marina , Zyberaj Mergime , Ahmed Tasnim , Hua Ash Sueh , Sica Anthony V. , Caram Justin R. , Štacko Peter
Published: December 2023

We demonstrate that deuteration is a generally applicable strategy that leads to enhanced quantum yields of fluorescence, longer-lived singlet excited states and suppressed rates of non-radiative deactivation processes.
Two-step resonance-energy-transfer-based ratiometric biosensor for sensing and annihilation of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Feng Qiumei , Wu Tao , Wang Huan , Wu Meisheng , Dou Baoting , Wang Po
Published: December 2023

A two-step resonance energy transfer (RET)-based fluorescence/electrochemiluminescence biosensor was developed for ratiometric sensing and annihilation of Staphylococcus aureus.
Delivery of external proteins into the cytoplasm using protein capsules modified with IgG on the surface, created from the amphiphilic two helix-bundle protein OLE-ZIP
Authors: Takahashi Kousuke , Nishiyama Taiki , Umezawa Naoki , Inoue Yasumichi , Akiba Isamu , Dewa Takehisa , Ikeda Atsushi , Mizuno Toshihisa
Published: December 2023

This study explores a new method for delivering therapeutic proteins into specific cells using OLE-ZIP capsules that present IgG.
Stepwise and selective synthesis of chelating, multimetallic and mixed-metal π-diborene complexes
Authors: Duwe Dario , Saha Koushik , Endres Lukas , Brückner Tobias , Dewhurst Rian D. , Dietz Maximilian , Radacki Krzysztof , Fantuzzi Felipe , Braunschweig Holger
Published: December 2023

Coordination of a bis-NHC-stabilised 1-hydro-2-pyridyldiborene to coinage metal fragments was investigated and a series of mono-, bi- and multimetallic diborene complexes were synthesised.
Interpenetrating gel-enabled uniform integration of metal and carbon dual matrices with nanoporous silicon for high-performance lithium storage
Authors: Zhan Ziping , Huang Tianyi , Zhu Junwen , Cao Xin , Zhou Yiming , Tang Yawen , Wu Ping
Published: December 2023

An interpenetrating gel-enabled methodology has been developed for uniformly integrating metal and carbon with nanoporous silicon, enabling enhanced lithium-storage performance of Si–M–C ternary anodes.
Utilization of the through-space effect to design donor–acceptor systems of pyrrole, indole, isoindole, azulene and aniline
Authors: Anjalikrishna Puthannur K. , Suresh Cherumuttathu H.
Published: December 2023

The intrinsic donor–acceptor (D–A) character of pyrrole, indole, isoindole, azulene and aniline is utilized to develop oligomeric systems with enhanced D–A character.
Guest size effects on a robust structure of semiclathrate hydrates and their thermophysical properties
Authors: Muromachi Sanehiro , Takeya Satoshi
Published: December 2023

Structure and thermal properties of N3444Cl and N4444Cl semiclathrates characterized. A robustness of the hydrate structure identified for customizing their properties for practical applications.
Kinetic features of solvent extraction by N,O-donor ligands of f-elements: a comparative study of diamides based on 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2′-bipyridine
Authors: Konopkina Ekaterina A. , Gopin Alexander V. , Pozdeev Anton S. , Chernysheva Maria G. , Kalle Paulina , Pavlova Elizaveta A. , Kalmykov Stepan N. , Petrov Vladimir G. , Borisova Nataliya E. , Guda Alexander A. , Matveev Petr I.
Published: December 2023

A variant of microfluidic setup design for the study of extraction kinetics has been proposed.
Sulfur functionalized biocarbon sorbents for low-concentration mercury isolation
Authors: Austin Douglas , Jahan Kousar , Feng Xu , Carney Jared , Hensley Dale K. , Chen Jihua , Altidor Brianna E. , Guo Zhiyong , Michaelis Elizabeth , Kebaso Mariana K. , Yue Yanfeng
Published: December 2023

Sulfur functionalized biocarbons were prepared from naturally abundant lignin alkali with sodium thiocyanate as an activation agent and a sulfur source.
Tuning the visible colour of octahedral manganese(iii) phthalocyanines via axial ligand exchange
Authors: McKearney Declan , MacDonald Kyle , Kim Min Suk , Williams Vance E. , Leznoff Daniel B.
Published: December 2023

Blue/green to red/purple [PcMnL2]SbF6 complexes (L = THF, pyridine, DMAP, Ph3PO, N-methylimidazole, MeCN) with increased solubility in organic solvents illustrate facile tuning of visible colours via axial-ligand exchange for PcMn(iii) materials.
K-birnessite-MnO2/hollow mulberry-like carbon complexes with stabilized and superior rate performance for aqueous magnesium ion storage
Authors: Chen Xueli , Han Lu , Li Yanjiang , Zhao Guangzhen , Gao Guoliang , Yu Lianghao , Shan Xiuyang , Xie Xusheng , Liu Xinjuan , Zhu Guang
Published: December 2023

Manganese oxides are commonly employed as a cathode for magnesium ion storage in aqueous magnesium ion hybrid supercapacitors (MHS).
Interactions between liquid ammonia and graphitic materials
Authors: Lin Cheng-Wei , Yang Zhiyin , Huang Ailun , Chang Xueying , Wang Chenxiang , Yang Fan , Wei Chen , Thiel Markus , Katsuyama Yuto , Jin Lihua , Jassby David , Kaner Richard B.
Published: December 2023

The macroscopic and microscopic interactions between liquid ammonia and graphitic materials are discussed, including dispersion, doping, mechanical testing, and shrinkages.
A metallated graphene oxide foam with a carbon nanotube shell for an enhanced capacitance device
Authors: Patil Rahul , Pradhan Lingaraj , Matsagar Babasahab M. , Salunkhe Rahul R. , Wu Kevin C.-W. , Jena Bikash Kumar , Dutta Saikat
Published: December 2023

Revealing the role of multimetal decoration in an M-rGO foam architecture for capacitance enhancement and a corresponding LED device.
Application of automated network generation for retrosynthetic planning of potential corrosion inhibitors
Authors: Lopez Lauren M. , Zhang Quan , Dollar Orion , Pfaendtner Jim , Shanks Brent H. , Broadbelt Linda J.
Published: December 2023

This work uses automated network generation, specifically the Python-based tool Pickaxe, for retrosynthetic planning towards making potential corrosion inhibitors from a pool of candidate bioprivileged molecules.
Navigating the challenges of lipid nanoparticle formulation: the role of unpegylated lipid surfactants in enhancing drug loading and stability
Authors: Hogarth Cameron , Arnold Keith , Wright Steve , Elkateb Heba , Rannard Steve , McDonald Tom O.
Published: December 2023

The study emphasises non-pegylated helper lipids functioning as both surfactants and contributors to the lipid nanoparticle core, enhancing stability at higher core percentages and potentially disrupting core crystallinity in blended formulations.
New cationic linear N-chloramines based on N-t-butylamide: chemical synthesis and antibacterial application
Authors: Li Lingdong , Zhang Songwei , Du Zhongtian , Wang Hande , Zhou Hao
Published: December 2023

For the first time, cationic linear N-chloramine biocides that do not include 5,5-dimethyl hydantoin scaffolds were synthesized, and their long chain analogues were found to exert greatly elevated biocidal efficacy.
Antimicrobial hydrogels incorporating nanoselenium@reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites for biofilm inhibition
Authors: Garg Deepa , Kumar Vijayesh , Merlin S S Mercy , Sachdev Abhay , Matai Ishita
Published: December 2023

An antifouling nSe@rGO incorporated hydrogel for combating biofilm-associated infections.
A self-synthesised non-homogeneous MoS2/Fe–Co–N–BC composite catalyst as an activator for peroxomonosulfate activation for efficient degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid
Authors: Tao Ling , Zhang Jiepu , Yu Fangke
Published: December 2023

In this study, in order to achieve efficient activation of persulfate, we added MoS2 as a co-catalyst to the iron, cobalt and nitrogen modified biochar (Fe–Co–N–BC) catalytic system.
Structure control and evolution of atomically precise gold clusters as heterogeneous precatalysts
Authors: Zhang Bei , Xia Chengcheng , Hu Jinhui , Sheng Hongting , Zhu Manzhou
Published: December 2023

Metal clusters have distinct features from single atom and nanoparticle (>1 nm) catalysts, making them effective catalysts for various heterogeneous reactions.
Rhodium-catalyzed formal four-component reaction with hypervalent iodine diazoesters, alcohols, and isatins for the synthesis of multi-functionalized oxindoles
Authors: Tang Jie , Yang Xiaoyan , Niu Gejun , Zhang Tianyuan , Hu Wenhao , Qian Yu
Published: December 2023

A novel Rh(ii)-catalyzed formal four-component reaction involving hypervalent iodine diazoesters, alcohols, and isatins was effectively established as an efficient process to produce multi-functionalized oxindoles in good to high yields.
Anion-templated synthesis of a switchable fluorescent [2]catenane with sulfate sensing capability
Authors: Bąk Krzysztof M. , Trzaskowski Bartosz , Chmielewski Michał J.
Published: December 2023

We describe sulfate-templated synthesis of an electroneutral catenane capable of strong and selective binding of anions in highly competitive solvents. Sulfate is a pH-switchable template enabling large-amplitude motions of the interlocked structure.
In situ-fabricated quasi-solid polymer electrolytes incorporating an ionic liquid for flexible supercapacitors
Authors: Lu Hai , Wang Peichun , Ma Yitian , Liu Meng , Chang Linqing , Feng Rui , Luo Shuliang , Zhang Zhiyun , Wang Yi , Yuan Yan
Published: December 2023

A quasi-solid polymer electrolyte is fabricated by an in situ polymerization of PEGDMA in AN solvent based on a thermal initiation mechanism and incorporating the ionic liquid EMITFSI for application in flexible supercapacitors.
Rheological behavior of Pluronic/Pluronic diacrylate hydrogels used for bacteria encapsulation in engineered living materials
Authors: Bhusari Shardul , Hoffmann Maxi , Herbeck-Engel Petra , Sankaran Shrikrishnan , Wilhelm Manfred , del Campo Aránzazu
Published: December 2023

The rheological properties of Pluronic/Pluronic diacrylate hydrogels used for bacteria encapsulation in engineered living materials are explored as function of acrylate crosslinking degree.
Bacterial surface swimming states revealed by TIRF microscopy
Authors: Liu Qiuqian , He Rui , Zhang Chi , Zhang Rongjing , Yuan Junhua
Published: December 2023

We developed a method to determine the tilt angle of a surface-swimming bacterium by maximizing image cross-correlations. This allowed identification of six distinct surface-swimming states in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Deciphering the influence of Y12L and N17H substitutions on the conformation and oligomerization of human calcitonin
Authors: Yan Jiajia , Wang Ying , Fan Xinjie , Zou Yu , Ding Feng , Huang Fengjuan , Sun Yunxiang
Published: December 2023

Monomers of hCT primarily adopted dynamic helical structures and readily aggregated into β-sheet-rich oligomers and β-barrel intermediates. The Y12L and N17H mutations enhanced helical conformations and partially inhibited the helix-to-β conversion.
Electronic modulation of iridium single atomic sites on NiCr layered double hydroxide for an improved electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Biswal Swayamprakash , Divya  , Mishra Biswajit , Pohl Darius , Rellinghaus Bernd , Ghosh Dibyajyoti , Tripathi Bijay P.
Published: December 2023

A rational approach to understand the catalytic superiority of Ir1/NiCr LDH single atom catalyst over state-of-art IrO2 for oxygen evolution reaction via electronic modulation effect of single atomic sites.
A flame-retardant wood-based composite with magnesium–aluminium layered double hydroxides for efficient daytime radiative cooling
Authors: Li Guowei , Huang Jiawei , Zhou Jian , Zhang Yucheng , Zhang Chuchu , Rao Zhenggang , Fei Linfeng
Published: December 2023

The incorporation of magnesium–aluminium layered double hydroxide (MgAl-LDH) nanoflakes into delignified wood sawdust is effective in providing simultaneous passive daytime radiative cooling and flame-retardant properties.
Wood-based electrolyte with reversible phase transition for smart thermal-shutdown self-protection
Authors: Zeng Qingtao , Lai Xuejun , Li Hongqiang , Chen Zhonghua , Zeng Xingrong , Zhang Liqun
Published: December 2023

A high-efficiency and high-safety wood-based self-protection electrolyte (DW@SPE) was fabricated via vacuum soaking.
Unraveling the effect of single atom catalysts on the charging behavior of nonaqueous Mg–CO2 batteries: a combined density functional theory and machine learning approach
Authors: Pritom Rafiuzzaman , Jayan Rahul , Islam Md Mahbubul
Published: December 2023

The role of single atom catalysts in improving the charging phenomenon in nonaqueous Mg–CO2 batteries to realize improved performance.
Designing thickness-insensitive cathode interlayers via constructing noncovalently conformational locks for highly efficient non-fullerene organic solar cells
Authors: Zheng Haolan , Hu Lin , Hu Xiaotian , Li Hongxiang , Quan Jianwei , Jin Yingzhi , Yin Xinxing , Song Jiaxing , Su Zhen , Zhou Dan , Li Zaifang
Published: December 2023

A notable PCE of 15.31% was achieved for a thick cathode interlayer (53 nm) based on PF-BDT with “Noncovalent conformational lock”, which stands out as one of the highest reported PCEs for organic cathode interlayer with a thickness exceeding 50 nm.
Achieving low energy consuming bio-based piezoelectric nanogenerators via modulating the inner layer thickness for a highly sensitive pedometer
Authors: Sun Zixiong , Wang Siting , Zhao Shibo , Wei Hansong , Shen Guodong , Pu Yongping , Zhang Sufeng
Published: December 2023

Enhancing the output performance of bio-based PENGs by the synergistic effect between the trapped electrons and the inter-squeezing between adjacent particles.
Analysis of nitro- and oxy-PAH emissions from a pilot scale silicon process with flue gas recirculation
Authors: Arnesen Kamilla , Andersen Vegar , Jakovljevic Katarina , Enge Ellen Katrin , Gaertner Heiko , Aarhaug Thor Anders , Einarsrud Kristian Etienne , Tranell Gabriella
Published: December 2023

Substituted PAH emissions (oxy- and nitro-PAHs) were investigated during silicon alloy production by carbothermic reduction of quartz in a submerged arc furnace with and without flue gas recirculation.
Advances in understanding telomerase assembly
Authors: Klump Basma M. , Schmidt Jens C.
Published: December 2023

Telomerase is a complex ribonucleoprotein scaffolded by the telomerase RNA (TR). Telomere lengthening by telomerase is essential to maintain the proliferative potential of stem cells and germ cells, and telomerase is inappropriately activated in the majority of cancers. Assembly of TR with its 12 protein co-factors and the maturation of the 5′- and 3′-ends of TR have been the focus of intense research efforts over the past two decades. High-resolution Cryo-EM structures of human telomerase, high-throughput sequencing of the 3′ end of TR, and live cell imaging of various telomerase components have significantly advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that govern telomerase biogenesis, yet many important questions remain unaddressed. In this review, we will summarize these recent advances and highlight the remaining key questions with the ultimate goal of targeting telomerase assembly to suppress telomere maintenance in cancer cells or to promote telomerase activity in patients affected by telomere shortening disorders.
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase interactions in SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Khan Debjit , Fox Paul L.
Published: December 2023

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are ancient enzymes that serve a foundational role in the efficient and accurate translation of genetic information from messenger RNA to proteins. These proteins play critical, non-canonical functions in a multitude of cellular processes. Multiple viruses are known to hijack the functions of aaRSs for proviral outcomes, while cells modify antiviral responses through non-canonical functions of certain synthetases. Recent findings have revealed that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of coronaviral disease 19 (COVID-19), utilizes canonical and non-canonical functions of aaRSs, establishing a complex interplay of viral proteins, cellular factors and host aaRSs. In a striking example, an unconventional multi-aaRS complex consisting of glutamyl-prolyl-, lysyl-, arginyl- and methionyl-tRNA synthetases interact with a previously unknown RNA-element in the 3′-end of SARS-CoV-2 genomic and subgenomic RNAs. This review aims to highlight the aaRS-SARS-CoV-2 interactions identified to date, with possible implications for the biology of host aaRSs in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
CSVRF: A CAM‐based popularity‐aware egress group‐caching scheme for SVRF‐based packet forward engines
Authors: Wu Ruisi , Jia Wen‐Kang
Published: December 2023

As a key component of high‐performance switches and routers, the packet forwarding engine (PFE) is mainly responsible for selecting the appropriate output port for tens of thousands of packets within an extremely short time frame. However, the performance of PFE is determined by the selected group membership algorithm. This paper puts forth a hybrid strategy–caching scalar‐pair and vectors routing and forwarding (CSVRF), consisting of virtual output port bitmap caching (VOPBC) and fractional‐N SVRF to address major multicast forwarding issues such as scalability by using content addressable memory. In CSVRF, a virtual output port bitmap cache is introduced, which includes the most popular combinations of output port bitmap and divides the big scalar‐pair into N sub‐groups to achieve parallel compute and the reusability of less bit‐length prime. The results demonstrate that the memory space and the forwarding latency are effectively reduced compared with previous work. In space efficiency, it only required 10% memory space compared with the original SVRF/fractional‐N SVRF, decreased 10% memory usage compared with pure VOPBC and nearly improved 1 to 4 orders of magnitude of packet processing time compared with the original SVRF and the fractional‐N SVRF respectively.
Automated fault location scheme for low voltage smart distribution systems
Authors: Naderi Salar , Ketabi Abbas , Sadeghkhani Iman
Published: December 2023

Integrating the self‐healing capability realizes the automated protection of smart distribution systems. This article presents a fault location scheme for low voltage (LV) distribution systems based on the information collected from the smart meters. First, a fault condition is detected and classified by processing the current signal at the secondary side of the distribution transformer by an intelligent electronic device. Then, the faulty feeder and section are determined by calculating the fault‐imposed component of nodal voltages. The reliable performance of the proposed scheme is verified through several case studies using a real semi‐rural distribution system.
Rotated points for object detection in remote sensing images
Authors: Wang Longbao , Shen Yican , Yang Jin , Zeng Hui , Gao Hongmin
Published: December 2023

Object detection in remote sensing images poses great challenges due to the dense distribution, arbitrary orientation, and aspect ratio variations of objects. Most of the existing methods rely on aligned convolutional features, which fail to capture the geometric information of objects effectively and result in the inconsistency between the classification score and localization accuracy. Moreover, densely packed objects suffer from spatial feature aliasing caused by the intersection of reception fields between objects. To address this issue, a deformable convolution‐based method named rotated points is proposed, which consists of two modules: a point set loss module and a high‐quality sample assignment module. The point set loss module can extract geometric features of objects in arbitrary directions with fine‐grained point sets for feature representation and introduce outlier penalties to penalize outlier points. The high‐quality sample assignment module measures the classification and localization ability, orientation quality, and point‐wise correlation of point sets comprehensively to enhance the consistency of classification and regression significantly. Experiments on the DOTA and FAIR1M datasets demonstrate that the proposed method achieves significant improvements over the benchmark model.
A radar extended target angle estimation method based on effective phase clustering
Authors: Zhang Shuhao , Luo Yunhua , Wang Zijian , Sun Hao , Wang Xiaoyi
Published: December 2023

For high‐resolution radar, traditional direction of arrival (DOA) angle measuring algorithms for point‐like targets cannot be directly applied to extended targets. Instead, pixel‐based detection and clustering must be performed first, followed by angle estimation. However, the presence of factors such as clutter and system noise makes it impossible to guarantee a one‐to‐one correspondence between the multiple scattering points of an extended target and the real target, which may result in significant discrepancies between the angle estimation and localization results and the real target. To address this issue, this paper proposes and discusses a radar extended target arrival angle estimation method based on effective phase clustering. The proposed method selects effective target scatterers through the interferometric phase information between channels, clusters these points, and then estimates the DOA angle of the extended target, effectively reducing the impact of interference scatterers on DOA angle estimation and improving the angular measurement accuracy. The effectiveness of the proposed method was validated by the measured data obtained from an airborne digital beamforming radar system.
Coronal dimmings as indicators of the direction of early coronal mass ejection propagation
Authors: Jain Shantanu , Podladchikova Tatiana , Chikunova Galina , Dissauer Karin , Veronig Astrid M.
Published: December 2023

Context. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale eruptions of plasma and magnetic field from the Sun that can cause severe disturbances in space weather. Earth-directed CMEs are responsible for the disruption of technological systems and damaging power grids. However, the early evolution of CMEs, especially Earth-directed ones, is poorly tracked using traditional coronagraphs along the Sun-Earth line.

Aims. The most distinct phenomena associated with CMEs in the low corona are coronal dimmings, which are localized regions of reduced emission in the extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-rays formed due to mass loss and expansion during a CME. We present a new approach to estimating the early CME propagation direction based on the expansion of coronal dimmings.

Methods. We developed the Dimming InfeRred Estimate of CME Direction (DIRECD) method. First, we performed simulations of CMEs in 3D using a geometric CME cone model and varying parameters such as width, height, source location, and deflection from the radial direction to study their influence on the CME projection onto the solar sphere. Second, we estimated the dominant direction of the dimming extent based on the evolution of the dimming area. Third, using the derived dominant direction of the dimming evolution on the solar sphere, we solved an inverse problem to reconstruct an ensemble of CME cones at different heights, widths, and deflections from the radial propagation. Finally, we searched for which CME parameter combinations the CME orthogonal projections onto the solar sphere would match the geometry of the dimming at the end of its impulsive phase best; we did so to derive the CME direction in 3D. We tested our approach on two case studies on 1 October, 2011 and 6 September, 2011. We also validated our results with 3D tie-pointing of the CME bubble in an EUV low corona and with 3D reconstructions by graduated cylindrical shell modeling (GCS) of white-light CMEs higher up in the corona.

Results. Using DIRECD, we found that the CME on 1 October, 2011 expanded dominantly toward the south-east, while the CME on 6 September, 2011 was inclined toward the north-west. This is in agreement with the CME direction estimates from previous studies using multi-viewpoint coronagraphic observations.

Conclusions. Our study demonstrates that coronal dimming information can be used to estimate the CME’s direction early in its evolution. This allows us to provide information on the CME direction before it is observed in the coronograph’s field of view, which is of practical importance for space weather forecasting and the mitigation of potential adverse impacts on Earth.
Changing of return periods of extreme rainfall using satellite observation in Java Island
Authors: Giarno  , Ruslana Zauzik Nana , Rachmawardhani Agustina , Rais Achmad Fahruddin , Didiharyono  , Sunusi Nurtiti , Syafie Lukman
Published: December 2023

As a flood-prone area and a centre of activity in Indonesia, the high intensity of rainfall needs to be watched out for. Excessive rainfall can lead to disastrous outcomes like floods and landslides. Analyzing the frequency of extreme rainfall events, calculated by a statistical approach involving employing probability distribution models and generalized extreme value distributions. Return levels are defined as the maximum value that will be exceeded once in a given time period. This study aims to map changes in maximum rainfall that have occurred repeatedly on the island of Java in the last 40 years. Changes in the rainfall return period are detected using CHIRPS rainfall estimates, by calculating every 20 years. The calculation results show high rainfall intensity in the south of Java Island for all return periods and there is an increase in rainfall in the north of Jakarta. The southern region of West Java and Central Java has also experienced a relatively high increase in rainfall intensity, especially over a 20-year period. Meanwhile in East Java Province, increased rainfall occurred in the easternmost part of the province.
Comparative investigation on potential application of hybrid nanofluids for Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motor cooling system
Authors: Gustino Djentoe Yokanan , Kristiawan Budi , Enoki Koji , Tri Wijayanta Agung , Santoso Budi
Published: December 2023

In this study, the potential usage of hybrid nanofluids for brushless direct current (BLDC) motor cooling was compared. Due to their efficiency, durability, and small size, brushless direct current (BLDC) motors are a type of electric motor that are frequently employed in electric vehicles (EVs). In order to maintain appropriate operating temperatures and ensure long-term durability, cooling systems must be taken into account throughout the design of brushless direct current (BLDC) motors. Because excessive heat can shorten a motor's lifespan and affect its performance, effective cooling is crucial. Systems for cooling liquids need more parts and upkeep than those for cooling air. taken into account to get the maximum cooling effectiveness. The effectiveness and dependability of the liquid cooling system are greatly influenced by the system's correct design and implementation, including hose routing, sealing, and coolant choices. There are several approaches to improve a BLDC motor's hybrid nanofluid/nanofluid cooling system. In order to achieve the highest cooling efficiency, fluid flow velocity, nanoparticle concentration, and cooling system design should all be carefully taken into account.
The Effect of Physical Environment Factors on Human Cognitive Performance Through EEG Signals
Authors: Dwi Astuti Rahmaniyah , Suhardi Bambang , Widyo Laksono Pringgo , Susanto Novie , Nur Afrasaniy Afina Yunia
Published: December 2023

Human activities that require cognitive performance is doing cognitive computer-based tasks. One of the important cognitive performances in people when doing some active thinking tasks is attention. This study focuses on measuring cognitive performance through cognitive tasks in the form of a Stroop Color Word Test with a neurophysiological approach, namely EEG, related to the effects of physical environment factors: room temperature. The temperature variations that will be studied refer to the concepts of slightly warm, neutral, and slightly cool with 18 °C representing slightly cool, 24 °C representing neutral, and 30 °C representing slightly warm. This study used an experimental design method and was conducted on 12 subjects. This study showed that room temperature treatment had a significant effect on TRT (sig. 0.00), but not on accuracy which it refers to cognitive performance to do the task correctly. To explain of the beta EEG signal, it was found that the highest power spectrum value occurred when the respondent was subjected to room temperature treatment of 24 °C. While in the ERP P3 measurement, it was found that the amplitude (µV) of P3 was best at 24 °C.
Monkeypox Classification based on Skin Images using CNN: EfficientNet-B0
Authors: Eko Niti Taruno Pramudya , Satya Nugraha Gibran , Dwiyansaputra Ramaditia , Bimantoro Fitri
Published: December 2023

Monkeypox is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by a virus of the orthopoxvirus genus. It can infect humans, vertebrates, and arthropods. Transmission to humans occurs through direct contact with infected animal body fluids or consumption of undercooked meat. Monkeypox cases have been reported globally, with thousands of confirmed cases and several deaths. Early symptoms include fever, rash, swollen lymph nodes, back pain, and headache. Diagnosis can be made through physical examination and laboratory tests. Imagebased artificial intelligence technology, specifically the EfficientNet-B0 architecture, has been proposed as a solution for the classification of monkeypox based on skin lesion images. The research aims to compare the performance of EfficientNetB0 with other CNN architectures and contribute to the development of medical image classification technology. Among the models evaluated, the EfficientNet-B0 model emerged as the standout performer, achieving an accuracy of 85.12%, surpassing the accuracy of other models such as MobileNet (63.63%) and InceptionV3 (71.4%). EfficientNet-B0 also demonstrated strong sensitivity (78.46%) and impressive specificity (91.78%), outperforming other models in these metrics. Additionally, despite not surpassing the accuracy of ResNet-50 (87.59%), EfficientNet-B0 achieved its accuracy with approximately four times fewer parameters, highlighting its efficiency in parameter usage and computational resources. These results can help improve models and aid in clinical decision-making.
A Fibonacci analogue of the two’s complement numeration system
Authors: Labbé Sébastien , Lepšová Jana
Published: December 2023

Using the classic two’s complement notation of signed integers, the fundamental arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, and multiplication are identical to those for unsigned binary numbers. We introduce a Fibonacci-equivalent of the two’s complement notation and we show that addition in this numeration system can be performed by a deterministic finite-state transducer. The result is based on the Berstel adder, which performs addition of the usual Fibonacci representations of nonnegative integers and for which we provide a new constructive proof. Moreover, we characterize the Fibonacci-equivalent of the two’s complement notation as an increasing bijection between ℤ and a particular language.
Detection of zinc in pig feed based on the cavities of different shapes combined with LIBS
Authors: Li Jing , Huang Mengqin , Wu Shujia , Liu Zihao , Yao Mingyin , Liu Muhua , Xue Long
Published: December 2023

Considering the serious risks posed by the heavy metals present in pig diets, monitoring and controlling the amount of these metals is crucial. The laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a promising technique for performing elemental analysis due to its unique advantages, such as rapid, in situ, nondestructive, and online detection of various minerals. In order to improve the detection accuracy and detection limit (LOD) of elements, the spatial constraint combined with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CC-LIBS) is used to detect the quantity of zinc in pig feed and achieve the detection of samples with lower concentrations. Zn I 480.86 nm is selected as the characteristic spectral line, and the effects of different two-dimensional (cylindrical) and three-dimensional (hemispherical, truncated cone) cavities on the enhancement factor are compared under different time delays. The results show that the optimal conditions include a truncated cone cavity D5H3, a delay time of 2.08, and an enhancement factor of 3.01 associated with the analytical spectral line. The detection limit of zinc in samples under CC-LIBS is 62.67 mg/kg (the recommended quantity of zinc in pig diet mentioned in the safe use of feed additives is 43–80 mg/kg), which is 35.65% lower than that under the LIBS (97.39 mg/kg). Therefore, this work provides a new test basis and idea for the detection of zinc in pig feed.
Machine learning and optimal transport: some statistical and algorithmic tools
Authors: Cazelles Elsa
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we focus on the analysis of data that can be described by probability measures supported on a Euclidean space, by way of optimal transport. Our main objective is to present a first and second order statistical analyses in the space of distributions in a concise manner, as a first approach to understand the general modes of variation of a set of observations. In the context of optimal transport, these studies correspond to the barycenter and the decomposition into geodesic principal components in theWasserstein space. In particular, we aim attention at a regularised estimator of the barycenter, in order to handle the noise coming from the observations. Additionally, we leverage these tools for time series analysis, whose spectral informations are compared using optimal transport.
On the Construction of Conditional Probability Densities in the Brownian and Compound Poisson Filtrations
Authors: Gapeev Pavel V. , Jeanblanc Monique
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we construct supermartingales valued in [0,1] as solutions of an appropriate stochastic differential equation on a given reference filtration generated by either a Brownian motion or a compound Poisson process. Then, by means of the results contained in [M. Jeanblanc and S. Song, Stochastic Processes Appl. 121 (2011) 1389–1410], it is possible to construct an associated random time on some extended probability space admitting such a given supermartingale as conditional survival process and we shall check that this construction (with a particular choice of supermartingale) implies that Jacod’s equivalence hypothesis, that is, the existence of a family of strictly positive conditional probability densities for the random times with respect to the reference filtration, is satisfied. We use the components of the multiplicative decomposition of the constructed supermartingales to provide explicit expressions for the conditional probability densities of the random times on the Brownian and compound Poisson filtrations.
Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,
Authors: Sina Christian
Published: December 2023

ich freue mich außerordentlich, in Vertretung unseres geschätzten
Herausgebers, Prof. Stephan Bischoff, dieses Editorial verfassen zu
dürfen.
Die Bedeutung des Fraßschutzes bei Pflanzen
Authors: Lind Ines
Published: December 2023

Stellen Sie sich vor: Sie wären eine wunderschöne Pflanze am Wegesrande, würden
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Neue Therapieziele in der Therapie des Diabetes mellitus Typ 2
– Gewichtsreduktion als co-primäres Therapieziel
Authors: Lautenbach Anne , zur Wiesch Clarissa Schulze , Aberle Jens
Published: December 2023

Gemäß der Empfehlungen des aktuellen Konsensusberichts von ADA
und EASD wird die Bedeutung des Gewichtsmanagements bei der Behandlung der
Hyperglykämie verstärkt in den Mittelpunkt gerückt und
im Behandlungsalgorithmus dem Glukosemanagement gleichgestellt. Auch wenn die
Bedeutung einer Gewichtsabnahme bei der Behandlung von Patienten mit T2D seit
Langem bekannt ist, gilt der aktualisierte Therapiealgorithmus als Wendepunkt in
der Behandlung von Menschen mit T2D. Dieser berücksichtigt, dass
mittlerweile wirksame Substanzen zur Verfügung stehen, die gleichzeitig
den Blutzuckerspiegel senken und zur Gewichtsregulierung beitragen. Der neue
holistische, patientenzentrierte Therapieansatz enthält darüber
hinaus detailliertere Empfehlungen zu Lebensstilmaßnahmen
einschließlich gesunder Ernährung, körperlicher
Aktivität und Schlafqualität und -quantität.
Liver metastases of neuroendocrine tumors: Conventional transarterial chemoembolization and thermal ablation
Authors: Vogl Thomas J. , Gruber-Rouh Tatjana , Naguib Nagy N.N. , Lingwal Neelam , Bolik Philipp
Published: December 2023

Purpose To identify prognostic factors for patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases (NELM) undergoing conventional transarterial chemoembolization (c-TACE), microwave ablation (MWA), or laser interstitial thermotherapy (LITT) and to determine the most effective therapy regarding volume reduction of NELM and survival.

Materials and Methods Between 1996 and 2020, 130 patients (82 men, 48 women) were treated with c-TACE, and 40 patients were additionally treated with thermal ablation. Survival was retrospectively analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier-method. Additional analyses were performed depending on the therapeutic intention (curative, palliative, symptomatic). Prognostic factors were derived using Cox regression. To find predictive factors for volume reduction in response to c-TACE, a mixed-effects model was used.

Results With c-TACE, an overall median volume reduction of 23.5 % was achieved. An average decrease in tumor volume was shown until the 6th c-TACE treatment, then the effect stopped. C-TACE interventions were most effective at the beginning of c-TACE therapy, and treatment breaks longer than 90 days negatively influenced the outcome. Significant prognostic factors for survival were number of liver lesions (p = 0.0001) and type of therapeutic intention (p < 0.0001). Minor complications and one major complication occurred in 20.3 % of LITT and only in 8.6 % of MWA interventions. Complete ablation was observed in 95.7 % (LITT) and 93.1 % (MWA) of interventions.

Conclusion New prognostic factors were found for survival and volume reduction. Efficacy of c-TACE decreases after the 6th intervention and treatment breaks longer than 90 days should be avoided. With thermal ablation, a high rate of complete ablation was achieved, and survival improved.

Key points
Reliability of the Maximal Lactate Accumulation Rate in
Rowers
Authors: Held Steffen , Rappelt Ludwig , Brockherde Julia , Donath Lars
Published: December 2023

The maximal lactate accumulation rate (VLamax) has been linked to lactic
anaerobic performance. Hence, accurate and reliable assessment is crucial in
sport-specific performance testing. Thus, between-day reliability data of
rowing-specific VLamax assessment was examined. Seventeen trained rowers (eight
females and nine males; 19.5±5.2 yrs;
1.76±0.08 m; 70.2±8.9 kg;
V̇O2max: 54±13 ml/min/kg)
performed 20-s sprint tests on two separate days (one week apart) on a rowing
ergometer. VLamax, peak lactate concentration, time to peak lactate, and mean
rowing power were measured. Good to excellent intraclass correlation
coefficients (ICCs), low standard error of measurement (SEM), and acceptable
levels of agreement (LoAs; 90% confidence interval) for VLamax
(ICC=0.85; SEM=0.02 mmol/L/s;
LoA±0.09 mmol/L/s), peak lactate
(ICC=0.88; SEM=0.3 mmol/L;
LoA±1.4 mmol/l), time to peak lactate (ICC=0.92;
SEM=0.1 min; LoA±0.5 min), and mean rowing power
(ICC=0.98; SEM=3 W; LoA±39 W) were
observed. In addition, VLamax was highly correlated (r=0.96;
p≤0.001) to rowing power. Thus, VLamax and sprint performance
parameters can be measured highly reliably using this sport-specific sprint test
in rowing.
Identification of Key Genes and Related Drugs of Adrenocortical
Carcinoma by Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Wei Jian-bin , Zeng Xiao-chun , Ji Kui-rong , Zhang Ling-yi , Chen Xiao-min
Published: December 2023

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a malignant carcinoma with an extremely poor
prognosis, and its pathogenesis remains to be understood to date, necessitating
further investigation. This study aims to discover biomarkers and potential
therapeutic agents for ACC through bioinformatics, enhancing clinical diagnosis
and treatment strategies. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ACC and
normal adrenal cortex were screened out from the GSE19750 and GSE90713 datasets
available in the GEO database. An online Venn diagram tool was utilized to
identify the common DEGs between the two datasets. The identified DEGs were
subjected to functional assessment, pathway enrichment, and identification of
hub genes by performing the protein-protein interaction (PPI), Gene Ontology
(GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. The
differences in the expressions of hub genes between ACC and normal adrenal
cortex were validated at the GEPIA2 website, and the association of these genes
with the overall patient survival was also assessed. Finally, on the QuartataWeb
website, drugs related to the identified hub genes were determined. A total of
114 DEGs, 10 hub genes, and 69 known drugs that could interact with these genes
were identified. The GO and KEGG analyses revealed a close association of the
identified DEGs with cellular signal transduction. The 10 hub genes identified
were overexpressed in ACC, in addition to being significantly associated with
adverse prognosis in ACC. Three genes and the associated known drugs were
identified as potential targets for ACC treatment.
Efficient Synthesis of Pyrido[3,4-c]cinnolines and Pyrido[3,2-c]cinnolines by Intramolecular Azo Coupling Reaction of 4,6-Diaryl-3-pyridine Diazonium Salts and Study of Their Antiviral Activity
Authors: Sagitullina Galina P. , Fisenko Alina Yu. , Shuvalov Vladislav Yu. , Arshinov Evgenii V. , Glizdinskaya Larisa V. , Shishkina Larisa N. , Bormotov Nikolay I. , Serova Olga A.
Published: December 2023

A new method is proposed for the synthesis of pyrido[3,4-c]cinnolines and pyrido[3,2-c]cinnolines. Pyridine-3-diazonium tetrafluoroborates, containing donor methoxy groups in one of the aryl substituents, form pyridocinnolines at 0 °C by intramolecular azo coupling reaction. The 2′-methoxy group in the aryl substituent of the pyridine-3-diazonium salt participates in the aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction, which results in the elimination of the diazo group to form benzofuro[2,3-c]pyridine and benzofuro[3,2-b]pyridine. The intermediate and target reaction products were isolated in high yields.
Solvent-Free Efficient Synthesis of New 4-Thiazolidinones with a Fructose Scaffold through a Microwave-Assisted Cascade Multicomponent Reaction
Authors: Ocampo Romina , Mandolesi Sandra , Lorenzo Fernando , Rodríguez Diego F. , Santana-Romo Fabián , Galdamez Antonio , Zacconi Flavia C. , Burrow Robert A. , D’Accorso Norma
Published: December 2023

Using a chemoselective, sustainable and highly efficient method, new 4-thiazolidinones and 1,4-thiazepan-3-ones substituted with a glycosidic residue derived from d-fructose were synthesized. Microwave-assisted cascade multicomponent reaction under solvent-free conditions gave very good yields in short reaction times, which was followed by a nontoxic purification method of one of the diastereomers by precipitation–centrifugation. The new purified compounds isolated as diastereomers were evaluated as factor Xa (FXa) inhibitors.
Can single-use versus standard duodenoscope improve ergonomics in ERCP? A comparative, simulation-based pilot study
Authors: Cennamo Vincenzo , Botter Alberto , Landi Stefano , Graziosi Francesca , Bassi Marco , Dabizzi Emanuele , Ghersi Stefania , Cerone Giacinto , Bonfiglioli Roberta
Published: December 2023

Background and study aims Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and injuries (MSIs) are frequent in gastrointestinal endoscopy. The aim of this study was to assess potential ergonomic advantages of a lighter single-use duodenoscope compared with a standard reusable one for endoscopists performing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

Methods Three experienced endoscopists performed an ergonomic, preclinical, comparative protocol-guided simulation study of a single-use and a standard reusable duodenoscope using an anatomic bench model. Surface EMG signals from left forearm and arm muscles were recorded. A commercial inertial sensor-based motion capture system was applied to record body posture as well.

Results A significant lowering of root mean square amplitude and amplitude distribution of biceps brachii signal (ranging from 13% to 42%) was recorded in all the participants when using a single-use duodenoscope compared with a reusable one. An overall reduction of muscle activation amplitude and duration was also associated with the single-use duodenoscope for forearm muscles, with different behaviors among subjects. Participants spent most of the time in wrist extension (> 80%) and ulnar deviation (> 65%). A consistent pattern of functional range of motion employed for completing all procedures was observed.

Conclusions Our study showed that a lighter scope has a promising effect in reducing upper arm muscle activity during ERCP with potential benefit on musculoskeletal health in the ERCP setting.
Atherosclerotic Autoantigen ALDH4A1 as a Novel Immunological Indicator for Plaque Erosion in Patients with ST Segment Elevated Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Li Jiannan , Chen Runzhen , Zhou Jinying , Wang Ying , Zhao Xiaoxiao , Liu Chen , Zhou Peng , Chen Yi , Song Li , Li Nan , Yan Hongbing , Zhao Hanjun
Published: December 2023

Objective Aldehyde dehydrogenase 4A1 (ALDH4A1) was recently reported to be a novel autoantigen of atherosclerosis. However, its role in different phenotypes of acute coronary syndrome remains unclear. Herein, we planned to explore the circulating and regional expression of ALDH4A1 in patients with plaque rupture (PR) and plaque erosion (PE) determined by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods and Results After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a prospective series of 312 patients with ST segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI), including 161 patients with PR and 151 patients with PE determined by OCT, were enrolled for plasma ALDH4A1 testing. In addition, ALDH4A1 was quantified using immunofluorescence in aspirated coronary thrombus samples obtained from 31 patients with PR and 25 patients with PE. In addition, we established an atherosclerosis mouse model and analyzed the distribution of ALDH4A1 expression in different mouse organs. Furthermore, we compared the level of ALDH4A1 in the spleen and carotid artery between Apoe−/− and C57 mice. The results showed that the plasma level of ALDH4A1 was significantly higher in STEMI patients with PE than in those with PR (4.6 ng/mL [2.2–8.7] vs. 3.5 ng/mL [1.6–5.6] p = 0.005). The expression of ALDH4A1 in aspirated coronary thrombi was also significantly higher in patients with PE than in those with PR (mean gray value: 32.0 [23.6–40.6] vs. 16.8 [14.0–24.5], p < 0.001). In animal models, the expression of ALDH4A1 is much higher in the spleen than in other organs, and the level of ALDH4A1 is significantly elevated in the spleen and carotid artery of Apoe−/− mice compared with C57 mice.

Conclusion The high levels of ALDH4A1 in the plasma and aspirated coronary thrombi independently correlated with PE in patients with STEMI. These results suggested that ALDH4A1 is involved in the mechanism of PE and serves as a promising biomarker and treatment target for patients with PE.
Clock statistics for 1d Schrödinger operators
Authors: Chulaevsky Victor , Nakano Fumihiko
Published: December 2023

We study the 1d Schrödinger operators with alloy type random supercritical decaying potential, where the random variables {ω(j)}j∈Z in the potential are either i.i.d. or more generally ones with exponentially decaying correlations. We prove the convergence to the clock process for the local statistics of eigenvalues. Moreover we prove the strong clock behavior in i.i.d. case.