bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ХАРАКТЕР СТРУКТУРНОЇ РЕАКЦІЇ ДОВГИХ КІСТОК БЕЗПОРОДНИХ ЛАБОРАТОРНИХ ЩУРІВ-САМОК НА ВПЛИВ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЇ ГІПЕРГЛІКЕМІЇ
Authors: Yushchak O. M. , Voloshyn M. V. , Lukiv O. A. , Voloshyn V. D. , Yushchak M. V.
Published: May 2017

Дослідження впливу особливостей структурної реакції тканин та органів на порушення гомеостазу і розвиток стійких функціональних відхилень системного характеру залишаються важливим напрямком в сучасній медицині.Мета дослідження – дослідити особливості структурної реакції довгих кісток білих безпородних щурів-самок при моделюванні стрептозотоциніндукованого цукрового діабету.Матеріали і методи дослідження. Експеримент проведено на 14 білих безпородних лабораторних щурах-самках віком 2,4–2,6 місяця із масою тіла 180–200 г. Усіх тварин поділили  на дві групи: контрольну – 6 тварин та експериментальну – 8 особин. Контрольні тварини перебували у звичайних умовах віварію. Стрептозотоциніндукований цукровий діабет моделювали за методикою О. П. Кіхтяк, Н. В. Скрипник (2004) [6]. Тривалість експерименту становила 30 діб.Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Високий рівень глюкози у крові провокує розвиток широкого спектра патологічних порушень. Проведені дослідження губчастої речовини та проксимального епіфізарного хряща стегнових кісток через місяць від початку моделювання цукрового діабету фіксують відставання остеометричних параметрів експериментальних тварин від контрольних показників. Максимальна довжина кісток менша за контроль на 0,06 %, дефіцит ширини проксимального епіфіза сягає 0,05 %, ширина діафіза у поперечному напрямку зменшилася на 0,03 %. Достовірність досліджених остеометричних величин перевищувала 0,05. Зниження продуктивності остеобластів та метаболічних процесів у кістковій тканині загалом проявляється зменшенням кількості первинної спонгіози на 3,01 % та зменшенням об’єму загальної спонгіози на 2,97 %.Висновки. Стрептозотоциніндукований цукровий діабет у білих безпородних щурів-самок, що експериментально викликаний, є причиною розвитку дистрофічно-атрофічних змін та сповільнення ростових процесів у стегнових кістках тварин. Має місце зменшення остеометричних показників стегнових кісток, ширини проксимального епіфізарного хряща та його складових компонентів. Гістологічно виявлено дистрофічні зміни в ділянці індиферентних хрящових клітин, у зоні проліферації та деструкції, що поєднується із збільшенням кількості проміжної речовини в усіх згаданих ділянках. В губчастій речовині діафіза кістки показовим є зменшення кількості остеосинтетичних клітин, зменшення об’ємів первинної та загальної спонгіози, що формують трабекули кістки.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ЛІКУВАННЯ ГЕНЕРАЛІЗОВАНОГО ПАРОДОНТИТУ I-II СТУПЕНЯ ВАЖКОСТІ ХРОНІЧНОГО ПЕРЕБІГУ НА ТЛІ ТОКСОКАРОЗУ
Authors: Saveleva N. M.
Published: May 2017

Незважаючи на очевидні на сьогодні успіхи в лікуванні захворювань пародонта існують проблема терапії та профілактики генералізованого пародонтиту залишається до кінця не вирішеноюМетою дослідження – оцінити клінічну ефективність розробленої комплексної терапії генералізованого пародонтиту (ГП) І–ІІ ступенів тяжкості хронічного перебігу у хворих на тлі токсокарозу.Матеріали і методи. Було обстежено 90 пацієнтів із ГП I–II ступенів тяжкості хронічного перебігу на тлі токсокарозу: основну групу склали 30 хворих – ГП I ступеня тяжкості, 60 пацієнтів – ГП ІІ ступеня тяжкості. У групу порівняння увійшли 30 хворих із ГП I і 60 пацієнтів з ІІ ступенями тяжкості ГП на тлі токсокарозу. Лікування хворих основної групи виконували за допомогою розробленої терапії, яку виконували у 2 етапи, а в групі порівняння хворим ГП I і II ступенів тяжкості було проведено традиційне лікування.Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Аналіз отриманих результатів досліджень, які торкалися виявлення частоти зустрічальності клінічних ознак генералізованого пародонтиту І ступеня хронічного перебігу на тлі перенесеного токсокарозу та динаміки окремих показників стану пародонта та їх сукупності після закінчення курсу терапії у різні терміни спостереження довів, що розроблена схема лікування хворих на ГП має істотні переваги. Зазначене лікування більш ефективно та в короткі строки, ніж традиційне, оптимізує пародонтальний статус хворого, сприяє подовженню клінічної ремісії, уповільнює подальше прогресування захворювання.Висновки. Зазначені закономірності позитивної динаміки показників стану пародонта у хворих на генералізований пародонтит хронічного перебігу зберігаються і при ІІ ступені тяжкості захворювання внаслідок використання запропонованої схеми лікування.
ГІПЕРАЛЬДОСТЕРОНІЗМ – ПОШИРЕНІСТЬ ТА ДЕ ЙОГО ШУКАТИ
Authors: Rybakov S. Y. , Shidlovsky V. O. , Shidlovsky O. V.
Published: May 2017

Гіперальдостеронізм являє собою складний патологічний клініко-метаболічний гормональний симптомокомплекс, що включає синдроми порушень судинного тонусу (артеріальна гіпертензія), мінерального метаболізму, ниркових і нейром’язових розладів, зумовлених надмірною нерегульованою секрецією основного мінералокортикоїдного гормону кори надниркових залоз – альдостерону та близьких до нього мінералокортикоїдів.Мета дослідження – ознайомлення лікарів загальної практики, кардіологів, ендокринологів із симптомокомплексом гіперальдостеронізму.Матеріали і методи. Проведено аналіз основних фундаментальних досліджень із визначення сутності й поширеності гіперальдостеронізму серед пацієнтів з артеріальною гіпертензією.Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Встановлено, що частота первинного гіперальдостеронізму серед пацієнтів зі стійкою артеріальною гіпертензією за даними різних статистик становить від 8 до 15 %. Для правильної організації лікування хворих на гіперальдостеронізм має значення розподіл на хірургічно корегувальні й некорегувальні форми. Критеріями пошуку гіперальдостеронізму є стійка, погано контрольована артеріальна гіпертензія, поєднана  з аритмією, парестезіями, судомами, болем у серці, головним болем; гіпертензія, резистентна до антигіпертензивної терапії не менше ніж трьома препаратами; поєднання артеріальної гіпертензії із гіпокаліємією; гіпертензія в осіб молодого віку, особливо до 20 років; гіпертензія та обтяжений сімейний анамнез ранньої гіпертензії; випадки гіперальдостеронізму в сім’ї у прямих родичів.Висновки. Гіперальдостеронізм є складний симптомокомплекс, одним із проявів якого є стійка артеріальна гіпертензія. У 15 % хворих на артеріальну гіпертензію причиною її є гіперальдостеронізм. В таких випадках хірургічне лікування, видалення альдостероми є єдиним ефективним методом лікування артеріальної гіпертензії.
ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНІ АСПЕКТИ ПСИХОЕМОЦІЙНИХ ПОРУШЕНЬ У ЖІНОК В ПЕРІОД ГЕСТАЦІЇ, ЩО ЗУМОВЛЕНІ ТРИВОЖНІСТЮ
Authors: Sysyka V. H.
Published: May 2017

Природні фізіологічні, соматичні зміни, що виникають в жінок у зв’язку з вагітністю, створюють фон, на якому легко розвиваються нервово-психічні розлади.Мета дослідження – охарактеризувати функціональні порушення психоемоційного стану в жінок у період вагітності в контексті тривожності.Матеріали і методи. Обстежено 392 вагітні у ІІ та ІІІ триместрах. Індивідуально-психологічні особливості та їх психоемоційний стан досліджували з використанням комплексу психодіагностичних методів: особистісний опитувальник інституту Бехтерєва, шкала Спілбергера–Ханіна, тест САН. Варіаційно-статистичну обробку результатів здійснювали з використанням програм аналізу “STATISTICA6.0”.Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. На основі оцінки тесту САН встановлено, що у 268 (68,37 %) вагітних мало місце зниження активності. У 209 (52,91 %) жінок були зменшені показники самопочуття та у 76 (19,36 %) – настрою. Знижене самопочуття у поєднанні з такою активністю встановлено у 47,96 % обстежених жінок, а всіх показників – у 16,58 %. При оцінці показників САН з урахуванням рівня ситуативної тривожності (СТ) встановлено статистично достовірно (р<0,05) нижчий рівень самопочуття, активності та настрою у вагітних із високим та середнім рівнями СТ порівняно з відповідними показниками жінок із низьким рівнем СТ. Також показники за тестом САН були статистично достовірно (р<0,05) меншими у вагітних із високим рівнем особистісної тривожності (ОТ) порівняно з відповідними показниками вагітних із середнім та низьким її рівнями.Висновки. Результати проведеного дослідження свідчать про негативний вплив зростання тривожності на показники функціонального стану вагітних, а саме, самопочуття, активності та настрою, що підтверджуються наявністю статистично достовірної (р<0,05) різниці та кореляційним взаємозв’язком як ОТ, так і СТ із показниками САН.
КЛІНІЧНІ ФОРМИ ХОЛЕДОХОЛІТІАЗУ
Authors: Dziubanovsky O. I.
Published: May 2017

Недивлячись на досягнення сучасних інноваційних технологій, верифікація холедохолітіазу на доопераційному періоді дуже часто не діагностується, що приводить до розвитку резидуального холедохолітіазу і повторних операційних втручаньМета дослідження – вивчити клінічні форми холедохолітіазу та їх діагностичні критерії.Матеріали і методи. Проведено порівняння клінічних форм холедохолітіазу та чутливості різних методів інструментальних досліджень (ультразвукове дослідження (УЗД), фіброезофагогастродуоденоскопію (ФЕГДС), ендоскопічну ретроградну холангіопанкреатографію (ЕРХПГ), магніторезонансну холангіопанкреатографію (МРХПГ)) при діагностичному виборі на основі ретроспективного аналізу лікування 177 пацієнтів.Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Статистичний аналіз діагностичної цінності симптомів дозволив нам виділити  4 клінічні форми холедохолітіазу з  високою специфічністю та чутливістю клінічних симптомів при жовтяничній формі й недостатньою інформативністю при атиповій і безжовтяничній (асимптомній) формах. Ретроградна холангіопанкреатографія, магніторезонансна холангіопанкреатографія з високим ступенем достовірності дозволяє діагностувати конкременти в загальній жовчній протоці при атиповій і безжовтяничній формах холедохолітіазу.
МІСЦЕВЕ МЕДИКАМЕНТОЗНЕ ЛІКУВАННЯ ГЕНЕРАЛІЗОВАНОГО ПАРОДОНТИТУ У ВАГІТНИХ ЖІНОК ІЗ ЗАЛІЗОДЕФІЦИТНОЮ АНЕМІЄЮ
Authors: Boychuk-Tovsta O. G. , Rozhko M. M.
Published: May 2017

Захворювання тканин пародонта займають одне з перших місць у структурі стоматологічних захворювань, які виявляються під час вагітності. Ще глибші зміни в гомеостазі ротової порожнини відбуваються у разі патологічного перебігу вагітності. Одним із найпоширеніших захворювань, що ускладнює перебіг вагітності, є залізодефіцитна анемія (ЗДА). ЗДА – це клініко-гематологічний синдром, що характеризується зниженням кількості заліза в організмі (крові, кістковому мозку і депо), при якому порушується синтез гема, а також білків, які містять залізо (міоглобіну, залізовмісних тканинних ферментів).Мета дослідження – розробити місцеве медикаментозне лікування генералізованого пародонтиту у вагітних на тлі залізодефіцитної анемії.Матеріали і методи. Ефективність застосування запропонованого місцевого лікувально-профілактичного комплексу проводили за допомогою індексної оцінки пародонтологічного статусу в 32 вагітних жінок, хворих на генералізований пародонтит на тлі залізодефіцитної анемії. Досліджували динаміку змін клінічних  показників стану тканин пародонта, а саме: індекс гігієни Гріна–Вермільйона, індекс кровоточивості за Muhlemann, глибини пародонтальних кішень, індекс Рамфйорда. Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Встановлено ефективність місцевого застосування для полоскання ротової порожнини розчину антисептика на основі октенідину дигідрохлориду і 2-феноксіетанолу “Октенісепт”, а для аплікацій – гель на основі 0,2 % гіалуронової кислоти “Генгігель”.Висновки. Використання запропонованого способу місцевого лікування генералізованого пародонтиту дає можливість отримати стабілізацію процесу й забезпечити довготривалу ремісію.
Порушення імунного гомеостазу в ранній період розвитку виразкової хвороби шунка на тлі експериментальної пневмонії
Authors: Furdychko L. O.
Published: May 2017

Introduction. The article adduces the obtained results of the indices of immune homeostasis in the development of combined pathology (experimental pneumonia (EP) and gastric ulcer (GU) of the stomach). The immune system is characterized by the number of T-lymphocytes since they are the basis of the cellular component of the immuneresponse and the concentration of b-lymphocytes and circulating immune complexes (CIC), which are responsible for cellular immunity.The aim of the study – the content of T-lymphocytes, CEC to assess the immune system in the development of EP and GU.Materials and Methods. This experimental study was conducted on 39 guinea pigs-males. Experimental pneumonia caused by the method of V. N. Shliapnikova, T. L. Solodova [et al.] Gastric ulcer of the stomach wassimulated by the method of V. I. Komarova. We determined the content of T- and B-lymphocytes (SD3 and SD19) in the blood by the method of E. F. Chernushenko, L. S. Kohosova. The level of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in the blood by the method of Haskova V., Kaslik J..Results and Discussion. The results of experimental studies established that early period of development (4th and 8th day) of gastric ulcer and pneumonia is characterized by the following changes of immune homeostasis: decrease in the level of T-lymphocytes and elevated levels of lymphocytes and circulating immune complexes in the blood of Guinea pigs.Conclusion. A depression of cell growth and humoral types of immunity in terms of experimental pneumoniaand gastric ulcer was revealed.
Рівень інсуліноподібного фактору росту-1 та гідроген сульфіду у щурів з неалкогольною жировою хворобою печінки, асоційованою з гіпергомоцистеїнемією
Authors: Nekrut D. O. , Zaichko N. V. , Strutinska O. B.
Published: May 2017

Introduction. Evolution of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is often accompanied by increased levels of homocysteine, on the other hand hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC) is considered as an independent factor for steatosis and fibrosis of the liver. An important role in regulating of liver functional state has IGF-1 and gas mediator – hydrogen sulfide (H2S), but their role in the pathogenesis NAFLD associated with HHC, is not certain.The aim of the study – to investigate level of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in blood and concentration of H2S in the liver of rats with NAFLD induced by high fat diet (HFD) and its combination with HHC.Methods of the research. The experiment was performed on 56 white male rats. Animals were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 and group 2 received standard diet, group 3 and group 4 received HFD for 60 days. Rats from groups 2 and 4 were injected іntragastrically daily by thiolakton homocysteine in the dose of 100 mg/kg. After experiment the levels of homocysteine and IGF-1 in serum and H2S content in the liver of rats were determined.Results and Discussion. Homocysteine thiolactone or HFD and especially their combination causes a reduction of IGF-1 in serum and H2S content in the liver of rats. Rats with NAFLD associated with HHC had levels of H2S and IGF-1 significantly lower (respectively 22.6 % and 32.2 %) than that of rats with purely NAFLD. The level of homocysteine is inversely correlated with the level of IGF-1 in blood and the level of H2S in the liver (r= -0.68, -0.73, р<0.01). Formation of deficit аntifibrotic mediators (IGF-1 and H2S) may be a factor in the progression NAFLD associated with HHC.Conclusions. 60-day use of HFD or homocysteine thiolactone causes reduction of IGF-1 in serum and H2S content in the liver, but the most significant shortage of mediators is as result of the combination HFD with HHC.
Токсичний вплив глутамату натрію на живий організм
Authors: Rutska A. V. , Getsko N. V. , Krynytska I. Y.
Published: May 2017

The article analyzes the available literature data on the problem of the food additives usage in the food industry. According to many scientists, reducing the amount of fresh foods that are eaten, and increasing of artificial additives may be one of reasons for increased prevalence of diseases such as cancer, diabetes mellitus, obesity, depression and asthma.Number of food additives used in food industry in different countries, is up to five hundred today, not counting the combined additives and flavorings. One of the most common food additive inUkraineand inEuropeis monosodium glutamate (E-621). Studies have shown that excess of sodium glutamate intake can provoke the development of hypertension and stroke, diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's disease and abnormalities of the nervous system development, erosive lesions of the mucous membrane of the stomach and weight gain.There are no reliable data that showed in what doses and at what conditions monosodium glutamate which is used in foods constantly is harmful to health. On the one hand, there are studies that intake of monosodium glutamate in the dosage of3 gramsper day is dangerous to human health. However, other researchers argue that daily administration of sodium glutamate to rats even in safe for human health doses (15 and 30 mg/kg), corresponding to 1 and2 gramsfor the average adult person, has toxic effects.Thus, based on the large amount of data can be argued that today there is a constant increase in the use of food additives in the food industry of an economically developed countries as well as countries with low intake. And because food additives are foreign substances to the human body (due to the chemical composition or number) investigation of their effect on human health has become relevant. Moreover, small number of data on biochemical and morphological changes in major organs and body systems dictate the need for a detailed study of the problem. In addition, it is necessary to focus not only on the study of established dangerous doses of food additives, but also to study the molecular mechanisms of these substances influence on the living body in "safe" (permitted) doses.
Effect of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients With Hypertension
Authors: Soliman Elsayed Z. , Ambrosius Walter T. , Cushman William C. , Zhang Zhu-ming , Bates Jeffrey T. , Neyra Javier A. , Carson Thaddeus Y. , Tamariz Leonardo , Ghazi Lama , Cho Monique E. , Shapiro Brian P. , He Jiang , Fine Lawrence J. , Lewis Cora E.
Published: May 2017

Background:

It is currently unknown whether intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering beyond that recommended would lead to more lowering of the risk of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with hypertension and whether reducing the risk of LVH explains the reported cardiovascular disease (CVD) benefits of intensive BP lowering in this population.

Methods:

This analysis included 8164 participants (mean age, 67.9 years; 35.3% women; 31.2% blacks) with hypertension but no diabetes mellitus from the SPRINT trial (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial): 4086 randomly assigned to intensive BP lowering (target SBP <120 mm Hg) and 4078 assigned to standard BP lowering (target SBP <140 mm Hg). Progression and regression of LVH as defined by Cornell voltage criteria derived from standard 12-lead ECGs recorded at baseline and biannually were compared between treatment arms during a median follow-up of 3.81 years. The effect of intensive (versus standard) BP lowering on the SPRINT primary CVD outcome (a composite of myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, heart failure, and CVD death) was compared before and after adjustment for LVH as a time-varying covariate.

Results:

Among SPRINT participants without baseline LVH (n=7559), intensive (versus standard) BP lowering was associated with a 46% lower risk of developing LVH (hazard ratio=0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.43–0.68). Similarly, among SPRINT participants with baseline LVH (n=605, 7.4%), those assigned to the intensive (versus standard) BP lowering were 66% more likely to regress/improve their LVH (hazard ratio=1.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–2.11). Adjustment for LVH as a time-varying covariate did not substantially attenuate the effect of intensive BP therapy on CVD events (hazard ratio of intensive versus standard BP lowering on CVD, 0.76 [95% confidence interval, 0.64–0.90] and 0.77 [95% confidence interval, 0.65–0.91] before and after adjustment for LVH as a time-varying covariate, respectively).

Conclusions:

Among patients with hypertension but no diabetes mellitus, intensive BP lowering (target systolic BP <120 mm Hg) compared with standard BP lowering (target systolic BP <140 mm Hg) resulted in lower rates of developing new LVH in those without LVH and higher rates of regression of LVH in those with existing LVH. This favorable effect on LVH did not explain most of the reduction in CVD events associated with intensive BP lowering in the SPRINT trial.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01206062.
Outcome of Alcohol Septal Ablation in Mildly Symptomatic Patients With Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy: A Long‐Term Follow‐Up Study Based on the Euro‐Alcohol Septal Ablation Registry
Authors: Veselka Josef , Faber Lothar , Liebregts Max , Cooper Robert , Januska Jaroslav , Krejci Jan , Bartel Thomas , Dabrowski Maciej , Hansen Peter Riis , Almaas Vibeke Marie , Seggewiss Hubert , Horstkotte Dieter , Adlova Radka , Bundgaard Henning , ten Berg Jurriën , Stables Rodney Hilton , Jensen Morten Kvistholm
Published: May 2017

Background

The long‐term efficacy and safety of alcohol septal ablation (
ASA
) in patients with highly symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy has been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long‐term outcomes of mildly symptomatic patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy treated with
ASA
.

Methods and Results

We retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients enrolled in the Euro‐
ASA
registry (1427 patients) and identified 161 patients (53±13 years; 27% women) who were mildly symptomatic (New York Heart Association [
NYHA
] class
II
) pre‐
ASA
. The median (interquartile range) follow‐up was 4.8 (1.7–8.5) years. The clinical outcome was assessed and compared with the age‐ and sex‐matched general population. The 30‐day mortality after
ASA
was 0.6% and the annual all‐cause mortality rate was 1.7%, which was similar to the age‐ and sex‐matched general population (
P
=0.62). A total of 141 (88%) patients had resting left ventricular outflow tract gradient at the last clinical checkup ≤30 mm Hg. Obstruction was reduced from 63±32 to 15±19 mm Hg (
P
<0.01), and the mean
NYHA
class decreased from 2.0±0 to 1.3±0.1 (
P
<0.01); 69%, 29%, and 2% of patients were in
NYHA
class I,
II
, and
III
at the last clinical checkup, respectively.

Conclusions

Mildly symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy patients treated with
ASA
had sustained symptomatic and hemodynamic relief with a low risk of developing severe heart failure. Their survival is comparable to the general population.
Weekday and Survival After Cardiac Surgery—A Swedish Nationwide Cohort Study in 106 473 Patients
Authors: Dalén Magnus , Edgren Gustaf , Ivert Torbjörn , Holzmann Martin J. , Sartipy Ulrik
Published: May 2017

Background

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between weekday of surgery and survival following cardiac surgery.

Methods and Results

In a nationwide cohort study, we included all patients who underwent cardiac surgery in 1999–2013 from the
SWEDEHEART
(Swedish Web‐system for Enhancement and Development of Evidence‐based care in Heart disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies) register. All‐cause mortality until March 2014 was obtained from national registers. The association between weekday of surgery and mortality was estimated using Cox regression, and reported as hazard ratios with 95%
CI
. We used the restricted mean survival time difference to estimate loss of life related to weekday of surgery. Among 106 473 patients, 25 221 (24%), 24 471 (23%), 22 977 (22%), 20 189 (19%), 9251 (8.7%), and 4364 (4.1%) underwent surgery during a Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and a Saturday/Sunday, respectively. More patients were operated on urgently during Friday to Sunday, and unadjusted analyses showed higher early and late mortality in those patients. The adjusted hazard ratios (95%
CI
) were 1.00 (0.89–1.13), 1.00 (0.88–1.12), 1.02 (0.90–1.16), 1.17 (1.01–1.37), and 1.05 (0.86–1.29) in patients who underwent surgery during a Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and Saturday/Sunday compared to a Monday, after 1 year of follow‐up conditional on 30‐day survival. In elective surgery (n=46 146), the 1‐year restricted mean survival time difference (95%
CI
) was −0.5 (−1.8–0.8), −0.5 (−1.9–0.8), −1.0 (−2.6–0.5), 0.02 (−2.2–2.3), and −1.2 (−6.3–3.9) days in patients who underwent surgery during a Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and a Saturday/Sunday, respectively, compared to a Monday.

Conclusions

We found no evidence of a clinically relevant weekday effect in patents who underwent cardiac surgery in Sweden during a 15‐year period. These data suggest that the early risk and long‐term prognosis following cardiac surgery was not affected by the weekday of surgery.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
02276950.
On the identity of two close species of the genus Makatinus Heyns, 1965 (Nematoda, Dorylaimida, Aporcelaimidae) from tropical America, with a proposal for their synonymy
Authors: Varela Ingrid , Abolafia Joaquín , Peña-Santiago Reyes
Published: May 2017

A Costa Rican population of the rare (infrequent) genus Makatinus was characterised on the base of LM and SEM observations. It was initially identified as belonging to M. macrostylus, a well described species that was also originally collected from Costa Rica, this representing the second record of this taxon. Nevertheless, a comparative analysis with other species of the genus revealed that M. macrostylus cannot be distinguished from M. crassiformis, an old and poorly characterised species only known to occur in Surinam and surprisingly never compared with M. macrostylus. As a result, M. macrostylus is regarded as a junior synonym of M. crassiformis and new morphological and morphometric features are provided, including those derived from SEM observations.
Baccharis napaea (Asteraceae, Astereae): a new species of subgen. Tarchonanthoides sect. Coridifoliae from the subtropical highlands of southern Brazil
Authors: HEIDEN GUSTAVO , PIRANI JOSÉ RUBENS
Published: May 2017

Baccharis napaea, a new species belonging to subgen. Tarchonanthoides sect. Coridifoliae is described and illustrated. The new species is compared to and distinguished from the sympatric species B. coridifolia, B. erigeroides, and B. scabrifolia, and from the allopatric B. bicolor. Baccharis napaea occurs in open subtropical highland grasslands and the edges and open glades of subtropical mixed forests on the south Brazilian plateau. Additionally, a distribution map and description of habitat and conservation status of the new species are presented.
Cassida sekerkai sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae), a new species from Madagascar
Authors: BOROWIEC LECH , ŚWIĘTOJAŃSKA JOLANTA
Published: May 2017

Cassida sekerkai sp. nov. is described from Madagascar. This species belongs to the group with completely black pronotal and elytral disc.
Smell and Taste Impairment After Total Laryngectomy
Authors: Riva Giuseppe , Sensini Matteo , Corvino Andrea , Pecorari Giancarlo , Garzaro Massimiliano
Published: May 2017

Objective:

Aim of this observational study is the evaluation of olfactory and gustatory impairments in laryngectomized long-term survivors compared to control subjects. Correlation between smell and taste alterations, age, and previous adjuvant treatments in laryngectomees was investigated.

Methods:

Fifty control subjects and 50 patients who underwent total laryngectomy for advanced laryngeal carcinoma were evaluated. All subjects underwent symptoms evaluation, oropharyngeal exam, endoscopic fiberoptic nasal examination, and Taste Strips and Sniffin’ Sticks tests.

Results:

Hyposmia was reported by all laryngectomees and hypogeusia by 54% of patients. Sniffin’ Sticks and Taste Strips tests demonstrated a statistically significant difference between controls and laryngectomees regarding olfactory threshold, odor discrimination and identification, Threshold Discrimination Identification (TDI) score, and sour, salty, and gustatory Total Taste score ( P < .05). Multivariate analysis for Total Taste score in laryngectomees showed a statistically significant correlation with aging, having an odds ratio of 0.127 for age ≥65 years, but not with TDI score, radiotherapy, and follow-up time, whereas multivariate analysis for TDI score demonstrated no correlation with radiotherapy, age, and follow-up time.

Conclusions:

Total laryngectomy determines olfactory and gustatory impairments that should be taken into account in clinical practice. Relationships between sensorial alterations, aging, follow-up period, and adjuvant treatments should be further evaluated in prospective studies.
Educator and practitioner views of professional competencies for macro social work practice
Authors: Applewhite Steven R , Kao Dennis , Pritzker Suzanne
Published: May 2017

To effectively prepare students for practice, macro social work educators need to keep pace with employers’ demands. This article reports findings from a survey of social work educators ( n = 52) and macro practitioners ( n = 184) in Texas to assess congruence in competencies perceived as necessary for macro practice. Findings reveal that both groups prioritize competencies related to interpersonal dynamics and leadership, program management, and community practice, and view financial management and public relations as least important. However, findings identify differences in practice competencies (e.g. policy practice, organizational management, and development), suggesting a need to better align educational and professional priorities.
Online Instructional Videos as a Complimentary Method of Teaching Practical Rehabilitation Skills for Groups and Individuals
Authors: Cooper Darren , Higgins Steve , Beckmann Nadin
Published: May 2017

Online instructional videos are becoming increasingly common within education. This study adopts a quasi-experimental 2 × 2 crossover design (control and experimental groups) to evaluate the efficacy of instructional videos to teach practical rehabilitation skills. The students performed practical sessions in class and were formatively assessed by their lecturers. The results demonstrate that the group effect was moderate with an effect size of 0.68, CI [0.04, 1.31]; the magnitude-based inferences indicate the probabilities the video was beneficial or trivial or harmful were 93.9% or 5.4% or 0.6%. The results of the study demonstrate that the instructional videos had a small to moderate beneficial effect on all assessed criteria.
Dispatch Work in China: A Study from Case Records, Part II
Authors: Huang Philip C. C.
Published: May 2017

On the basis of case records from Xinjiang and Shanghai between 2013 and 2016, this article examines how dispatch work law has changed in practice and in theory during that period. It demonstrates that in using dispatch agencies as legal “protective shields” to dispose of obligations to workers, the state-owned enterprises (SOEs) have behaved much as what the case records from 2012 used in my earlier study (Part I) showed. What has changed is that public institutions and large private enterprises have followed the example of the SOEs to reduce old personnel as well as to hire new personnel through dispatch work. The new cases also show that, within that overall trend, the courts have tried to tighten their regulation of dispatch agencies, especially with respect to obligations for social insurance and compensation for unilateral dismissal of workers. At the same time, dispatch agencies (along with enterprises) have adopted some countermeasures to deal with the new pressures, especially by signing only short-term contracts and rotating a worker among different agencies. Even so, as far as the “black hole” in legal theory and practice is concerned—of an artificially constructed separation of the worker’s person from his or her work—managerial abuses, especially with respect to overtime and vacation work and unilateral termination of workers by enterprises, have continued apace with little restraint from the courts. The situation cries out for stronger reform.
Image quality of low-radiation dose left atrial CT using filtered back projection and an iterative reconstruction algorithm: intra-individual comparison in unselected patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation
Authors: Fahlenkamp Ute Lina , Diaz Ramirez Ivan , Wagner Moritz , Schwenke Carsten , Huppertz Alexander , Hamm Bernd , Lembcke Alexander
Published: May 2017

Background

Computed tomography (CT) of the left atrium (LA) is performed prior to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) to improve success of circumferential ablation for atrial fibrillation. The ablation procedure itself exposes patients to substantial radiation doses, therefore radiation dose reduction in pre-ablational imaging is of concern.

Purpose

To assess and compare diagnostic performance of low-radiation dose preprocedural CT in patients scheduled for PVI using two types of reconstruction algorithms.

Material and Methods

Forty-six patients (61 ± 10 years) scheduled for PVI were enrolled in this study irrespective of body-mass-index or cardiac rhythm at examination. An electrocardiographically triggered dual-source CT scan was performed. Filtered back projection (FBP) and iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms were applied. Images were integrated into an electroanatomic mapping (EAM) system. Subjective image quality was scored independently by two readers on a five-point scale for both reconstruction algorithms (1 = excellent to 5 = non-diagnostic). Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and effective radiation dose were calculated.

Results

Data acquisition and EAM integration were successful in all patients. Median image quality score was 1 for both FBP (quartiles = 1, 1.62; range = 1–3) and IR (quartiles = 1, 1.5; range = 1–3). Mean SNR was 7.61 ± 2.14 for FBP and 9.02 ± 2.69 for IR. Mean CNR was 5.92 ± 1.80 for FBP and 6.95 ± 2.29 for IR. Mean effective radiation dose was 0.3 ± 0.1 mSv.

Conclusion

At a radiation dose of 0.3 ± 0.1 mSv, high-pitch dual-source CT yields LA images of consistently high quality using both FBP and IR. IR raises SNR and CNR without significantly improving subjective image quality.
Presence and Predictive Value of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Anxiety and Depressive Disorders
Authors: Hofmeijer-Sevink Mieke Klein , Batelaan Neeltje M. , van Megen Harold J. G. M. , van den Hout Marcel A. , Penninx Brenda W. , van Balkom Anton J. L. M. , Cath Danielle C.
Published: May 2017

Objective:

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) co-occur frequently with anxiety and depressive disorders, but the nature of their relationship and their impact on severity of anxiety and depressive disorders is poorly understood. In a large sample of patients with anxiety and depressive disorders, we assessed the frequency of OCS, defined as a Young Adult Self-Report Scale–obsessive-compulsive symptoms score >7. The associations between OCS and severity of anxiety and/or depressive disorders were examined, and it was investigated whether OCS predict onset, relapse, and persistence of anxiety and depressive disorders.

Methods:

Data were obtained from the third (at 2-year follow-up) and fourth wave (at 4-year follow-up) of data collection in the Netherlands Study of Anxiety and Depression cohort, including 469 healthy controls, 909 participants with a remitted disorder, and 747 participants with a current anxiety and/or depressive disorder.

Results:

OCS were present in 23.6% of the total sample, most notably in those with current combined anxiety and depressive disorders. In patients with a current disorder, OCS were associated with severity of this disorder. Moreover, OCS predicted (1) first onset of anxiety and/or depressive disorders in healthy controls (odds ratio [OR], 5.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15 to 29.14), (2) relapse in those with remitted anxiety and/or depressive disorders (OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.55 to 3.46), and (3) persistence in patients with the combination of current anxiety and depressive disorders (OR, 4.42; 95% CI, 2.54 to 7.70) within the 2-year follow-up period

Conclusions:

OCS are closely related to both the presence and severity of anxiety and depressive disorders and affect their course trajectories. Hence, OCS might be regarded as a course specifier signaling unfavorable outcomes. This specifier may be useful in clinical care to adapt and intensify treatment in individual patients.
LGBTQ Student Victimization and Its Relationship to School Discipline and Justice System Involvement
Authors: Palmer Neal A. , Greytak Emily A.
Published: May 2017

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) students experience higher rates of school-based victimization than their peers, and this victimization contributes to higher risk of suicide, substance misuse, mental disorder, and unsafe sexual experiences. In addition, these experiences may increase LGBTQ students’ interactions with school authorities and, subsequently, increase their risk of school discipline and involvement in the justice system. Using a sample of 8,215 LGBTQ middle and high school students in the United States surveyed online in 2015, this article explores the relationships between peer victimization and higher school disciplinary and justice system involvement among LGBTQ youth. Results indicate that LGBTQ youth who are victimized at school experience greater school discipline, including disciplinary referrals to school administration, school detention, suspension, and expulsion; and greater involvement in the justice system as a result of school discipline, including arrest, adjudication, and detention in a juvenile or adult facility. Moreover, school staff responses to victimization partially explain this relationship: Students reporting that staff responded to victimization in a discriminatory or unhelpful fashion experienced higher rates of school discipline and justice system involvement than those reporting that staff responded more effectively. Schools must confront pervasive anti-LGBTQ victimization and ineffective or biased responses from school staff to reduce unnecessary disciplinary involvement.
A Procedural Content Generation-Based Framework for Educational Games: Toward a Tailored Data-Driven Game for Developing Early English Reading Skills
Authors: Hooshyar Danial , Yousefi Moslem , Lim Heuiseok
Published: May 2017

Automated content generation for educational games has become an emerging research problem, as manual authoring is often time consuming and costly. In this article, we present a procedural content generation framework that intends to produce educational game content from the viewpoint of both designer and user. This framework generates content by means of genetic algorithm, and thereby offers designers the ability to control the process of content generation for various learning goals according to their preferences. It further takes into consideration how the content can adapt according to the skill of the users. We demonstrate effectiveness of the framework by way of an empirical study of human players in an educational language learning game aiming at developing early English reading skills of young children. The results of our study confirm that users’ performance measurably improves when game contents are customized to their individual ability, in contrast to their improvement in uncustomized games. Moreover, the results show that the lowest proficiency participants demonstrated greater improvements in performance while playing the customized game than did the more highly proficient participants.
The Effect of the Metacognitive Support via Pedagogical Agent on Self-Regulation Skills
Authors: Karaoğlan Yılmaz Fatma Gizem , Olpak Yusuf Ziya , Yılmaz Ramazan
Published: May 2017

Flipped Classroom (FC) has become an increasingly popular model in many disciplines in today’s educational system. In order for the FC model to be effective, it is important for the student to have self-regulation skills. It is especially important that students have advanced self-regulatory skills so that the online learning process of the FC model can be successfully completed. It is believed that the metacognitive support (MS) provided by the pedagogical agent during the online process of the FC model will contribute to the development of self-regulation skills of the students. The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of MS via pedagogical agent in the FC model on students’ self-regulation skills.The research was carried out according to experimental design, and the participants of the research consist of 102 university students. The data of the study were collected using self-regulated learning scale. As a result of the research, it was seen that the students of the experimental group who were provided MS with the pedagogic agent were found to have a statistically significant higher level of self-regulation skills than the control group students who were not provided with MS. Several suggestions have been made for the use of pedagogical agent-assisted MS in the design of FC courses.
Nurses’ Perspectives on the Geriatric Nursing Practice Environment and the Quality of Older People’s Care in Ontario Acute Care Hospitals
Authors: Fox Mary T. , Sidani Souraya , Butler Jeffrey I. , Tregunno Deborah
Published: May 2017

Background

Cultivating hospital environments that support older people’s care is a national priority. Evidence on geriatric nursing practice environments, obtained from studies of registered nurses (RNs) in American teaching hospitals, may have limited applicability to Canada, where RNs and registered practical nurses (RPNs) care for older people in predominantly nonteaching hospitals.

Purpose

This study describes nurses’ perceptions of the overall quality of care for older people and the geriatric nursing practice environment (geriatric resources, interprofessional collaboration, and organizational value of older people’s care) and examines if these perceptions differ by professional designation and hospital teaching status.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey, using Dillman’s tailored design, that included Geriatric Institutional Assessment Profile subscales, was completed by 2005 Ontario RNs and registered practical nurses to assess their perceptions of the quality of care and geriatric nursing practice environment.

Results

Scores on the Geriatric Institutional Assessment Profile subscales averaged slightly above the midpoint except for geriatric resources which was slightly below. Registered practical nurses rated the quality of care and geriatric nursing practice environment higher than RNs; no significant differences were found by hospital teaching status.

Conclusions

Nurses’ perceptions of older people’s care and the geriatric nursing practice environment differ by professional designation but not hospital teaching status. Teaching and nonteaching hospitals should both be targeted for geriatric nursing practice environment improvement initiatives.
Predictors to Intravenous Fluid Responsiveness
Authors: Alvarado Sánchez Jorge Iván , Amaya Zúñiga William Fernando , Monge García Manuel Ignacio
Published: May 2017

Management with intravenous fluids can improve cardiac output in some surgical patients. Management with static preload indicators, such as central venous pressure and pulmonary artery occlusion pressure, has not demonstrated a suitable relationship with changes in the cardiac output induced by intravenous fluid therapy. Dynamic indicators, such as the variability of arterial pulse pressure or stroke volume variation, have demonstrated a suitable relationship. Since improvement in cardiac output does not guarantee an adequate perfusion pressure, in patients with hypotension, it is also necessary to know whether arterial pressure will also increase with intravenous fluid therapy. In this regard, the functional assessment of arterial load by dynamic arterial elastance could help to determine which patients will improve not only their cardiac output but also their mean arterial pressure.
Bridges of Ambition to North Korea: Economy of Anticipation and Materiality of Aspiration in Dandong, China
Authors: Chilcote Christina (Kim)
Published: May 2017

Facing the North Korean city of Sinuiju across the Yalu River, the Chinese border city of Dandong in Liaoning Province has recently taken on large urban developmental projects as part of a plan to build the wider city as the new economic hub of East Asia. This paper examines how Dandong’s recent urban developmental projects rely on its close relationship to North Korea and on North Korea’s role as a capitalist frontier. It argues that these projects simultaneously deploy a politics of waiting and a politics of memory to inscribe its central role in East Asia’s economic future.
Odontogenic Fibromyxoma in a Cat: First Confirmed Case in This Species
Authors: Scott Kristin I. , Harvey Colin E. , Anthony James G. , Pool Roy
Published: May 2017

An inflammatory gingival mass surrounding resorbing teeth was diagnosed via biopsy in a 9-year-old domestic shorthair cat. A dorsal rim excision was performed to remove the entire mass with associated teeth and bone. Histopathological diagnosis of the en bloc tissue revealed an odontogenic fibromyxoma. Extensive literature review revealed few case reports of companion animals with this neoplasm, and none in a feline patient. This report documents the clinical presentation, diagnostic differentials, surgical therapy, and long-term follow-up of an odontogenic fibromyxoma in a cat.
Chatter stability and surface location error predictions in milling with mode coupling and process damping
Authors: Li Zhongyun , Jiang Shanglei , Sun Yuwen
Published: May 2017

Together with machining chatter, surface location error induced by forced vibration may also inhibit productivity and affect workpiece surface quality in milling process. Addressing these issues needs the combined consideration of stability lobes diagram and surface location error predictions. However, mode coupling and process damping are seldom taken into consideration. In this article, an extended dynamic milling model including mode coupling and process damping is first built based on classical 2-degree-of-freedom dynamic model with regeneration. Then, a second-order semi-discretization method is proposed to simultaneously predict the stability lobes diagram and surface location error by solving this extended dynamic model. The rate of convergence of the proposed method is also investigated. Finally, a series of experiments are conducted to verify the veracity of the extended dynamic model. The modal parameters including direct and cross terms are identified by impact experiments. Via experimental verification, the experimental results show a good correlation with the predicted stability lobes diagram and surface location error based on the extended dynamic model. Also, the effects of mode coupling and process damping are revealed. Mode coupling increases the whole stability region; however, process damping plays a vital role in stability improvement mainly at low spindle speeds.