bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mental Health of Adolescents With Epilepsy in Enugu, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Nnajekwu Chukwubike Onyebuchi , Nnajekwu Uchenna Chiagoziem , Ikefuna Nnaemeka Anthony , Ojinnaka Chinyelu Ngozi
Published: September 2020

Adolescence is an important period, marked by significant changes in biological and psychosocial domains. Epilepsy is a chronic neurologic disorder associated with social stigma and prejudice. The etiology of depression in epilepsy appears to be a complex interplay between psychosocial and neurobiologic factors. This period may be too taxing for the adolescent with epilepsy to steer, as epilepsy can affect the development of independence by its social, educational, and mental health effects. The study aimed to compare the burden of depression in adolescents with epilepsy with the general population.

One hundred forty-five adolescents with epilepsy and their classmates matched for age and gender were studied over a 9-month period. Zung Self-rating Depression Scale was used to determine the burden of depression in the study population.

Among the subjects, 70 (48.3%) had scores in the depressive range to varying degrees compared to 38 (26.2%) controls. The difference in scores was significant (OR=2.628, P < .001). Among the population with positive scores, mild depression category was the commonest for both groups (40% and 22.8%, respectively). There was a statistically significant relationship between gender, seizure type, and depression, whereas there was no significant relationship between age, social class, number of antiepileptic drugs, seizure frequency in the last 12 months, and depression.

Adolescents with epilepsy had higher rates of depression than the general population. Hence, there might be need for routine screening of adolescents with epilepsy for early detection and management of depression to improve their overall well-being and quality of life.
Methodologic Issues regarding Outcome Measures for Clinical Drug Trials of Psychiatric Complications in Dementia
Authors: Teri Linda , Logsdon Rebecca G.
Published: September 2020

Selecting outcome measures that are both psychometrically sound and sensitive to change is a very important aspect of clinical outcome research. A variety of measures have been introduced in recent years to assess behavioral complications in dementia, but few have been adequately tested in clinical trials. This article provides a discussion of factors to consider in selecting measures, including psychometrics, item content, assessment source, and sensitivity to change. A review of behavioral and psychiatric measures for dementia patients is provided, including measures of general behavioral disturbance, and measures specifically developed for agitation and depression. Each measure's psychometric characteristics, prior use with demented patients, and strengths and weaknesses with regard to treatment outcome research is summarized. The importance of linking measures to the investigators’ hypotheses is discussed, along with recommendations for evaluating and selecting outcome measures depending on the needs of the specific investigation. ( J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1995; 8(suppl 1):S8–S17).
#MeToo as a Connective Movement: Examining the Frames Adopted in the Anti-Sexual Harassment Movement in China
Authors: Li Pengxiang , Cho Hichang , Qin Yuren , Chen Anfan
Published: September 2020

This study was aimed to contribute to understanding how networked yet fragmented online actors create meaning in digital media–enabled movements like #MeToo. By drawing upon a multidimensional framing analysis, this study investigated how personal action frames, collective action frames, and issue-specific frames were adopted in #MeToo movement in China, and it also shed light on how different groups of social actors respond to sexual harassment issues on Sina Weibo, a Chinese social media platform. This study employed computational content analysis to extract frames from a huge amount of traceable data (i.e., 16,187 Weibo posts) and uncovered seven specific types of frames categorized as personal experiences and emotional commentary (as personal action frames), injustice and opposition (as collective action frames), and problem definition, treatment recommendation, and related news (as issue-specific frames). The results revealed that personal action frames and collective action frames were widely adopted by females and ordinary users, whereas issue-specific frames were more commonly applied by males and organizational users. These empirical findings enhance our understanding of meaning construction with regard to digital media–enabled movements.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel sulfonated poly (aryl ether ketone sulfone) semi-crosslinked membrane with high proton selectivity through click reaction for direct methanol fuel cells
Authors: Yuan Chengyun , Wang Yinghan
Published: September 2020

A novel sulfonated polyvinyl alcohol containing alkynyl groups (SPVA-C≡C) and a new sulfonated poly (aryl ether ketone sulfone) (SPAEKS) are synthesized. Semi-crosslinked membrane (semi-crosslink-SPAEKS-x) was prepared by click reaction of mercapto-alkynes between 1, 5-pentanedithiol and SPVA-C≡C. The chemical structures of SPAEKS, SPVA-C≡C and semi-crosslink-SPAEKS-x are confirmed by 1H-NMR and FTIR spectra. The semi-crosslink-SPAEKS-x membranes show good mechanical properties, excellent dimensional stability and oxidative stability. The proton conductivity of SPAEKS and semi-crosslink-SPAEKS-x membranes is in the range of 25.6–52.5 mS/cm. The methanol permeability of semi-crosslink-SPAEKS-x membranes is in the range of 1.4–1.7 × 10−7 cm−2 s−1, which is much lower than that of Nafion 117 membrane (18.3 × 10−7 cm−2 s−1). Especially, the proton selectivity of semi-crosslink-SPAEKS-15 membrane (24.3 × 104 S s cm−3) is above seven times higher than that of Nafion 117 membrane (3.4 × 104 S s cm−3).
Nonlinear vibration and stability analysis of a size-dependent viscoelastic cantilever nanobeam with axial excitation
Authors: Noroozi Mohammad , Ghadiri Majid
Published: September 2020

In the present paper, nonlinear forced vibrations of an axial moving nanobeam which is vertically influenced by an external harmonic excitation and gravity is analyzed by considering the effects of linear damping. Considering certain assumptions, a nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beam theory is developed. With the implementation of the nonlocal elasticity theory, the governing integro-partial-differential equation is obtained by using the Hamilton principle. The multiple scale method is employed to obtain a steady-state response for the size-dependent viscoelastic nanobeam with fixed-free boundary conditions. Subsequently, the trivial and non-trivial steady-state response and the bifurcation point types are examined. Finally, the effects of damping coefficient and nonlocal parameter on stability and bifurcation of trivial and non-trivial solutions are studied. It is found that the effect of nonlocal parameter on the steady-state response and the bifurcation point types is quite important.
Deep reinforcement learning based path tracking controller for autonomous vehicle
Authors: Chen I-Ming , Chan Ching-Yao
Published: September 2020

Path tracking is an essential task for autonomous vehicles (AV), for which controllers are designed to issue commands so that the AV will follow the planned path properly to ensure operational safety, comfort, and efficiency. While solving the time-varying nonlinear vehicle dynamic problem is still challenging today, deep neural network (NN) methods, with their capability to deal with nonlinear systems, provide an alternative approach to tackle the difficulties. This study explores the potential of using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) for vehicle control and applies it to the path tracking task. In this study, proximal policy optimization (PPO) is selected as the DRL algorithm and is combined with the conventional pure pursuit (PP) method to structure the vehicle controller architecture. The PP method is used to generate a baseline steering control command, and the PPO is used to derive a correction command to mitigate the inaccuracy associated with the baseline from PP. The blend of the two controllers makes the overall operation more robust and adaptive and attains the optimality to improve tracking performance. In this paper, the structure, settings and training process of the PPO are described. Simulation experiments are carried out based on the proposed methodology, and the results show that the path tracking capability in a low-speed driving condition is significantly enhanced.
Reduction of experimental effort in conventional engine calibration process by using reduced order model
Authors: Sabour Mohammad Hossein , Beheshti Arastoo , Esfahanian Vahid
Published: September 2020

The calibration process of the internal combustion engine becomes more costly and time-consuming than ever due to complexity of the engines and stringent emission regulations. The accurate and fast calibration of the engine requires a lot of performance tests which demands time, cost, and expert manpower as well as test facilities that must be taken into considerations. This process needs a large number of test points which should be examined to get an optimum map of the engine. Although some works have been done on reducing test time for the engine calibration, still the process timing remains one of the challenges for the automotive industry. The present study aims to decrease the calibration cost and time by employing the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method. The POD-based reduced order model is applied to reduce the number of experimental engine tests to regenerate the entire calibration table by using only a few operating points accurately. The low, mid-range and high RPM test points of a small single-cylinder, two-stroke engine are chosen as the input to the mathematical model to regenerate the missing calibration data. The comparison between the generated and the corresponding experimental data indicates that they are in good agreement (<10% difference) which implies the POD model is capable to decrease the number of test points and consequently the run time of dynamometer. Furthermore, although this approach is implemented for a conventional calibration process, however, the methodology can be extended to complex calibration procedures.
Multi-wall carbon nanotubes coating on a copper substrate using airbrush spray coating
Authors: Meikandan M , Ganesh Kumar P , Sakthivadivel D , Vigneswaran VS , Malar Mohan K
Published: September 2020

The spray coating technique is used in this study to spread a thin layer of nanoparticle on a large flat substrate. The proposed spray coating techniques has a great potential for large scale productions, as these techniques have no restrictions on the substrate size and low utilization of the process parameters. In this study, a simple airbrush spray coating technique is used to deposit the multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on copper substrates with a decent deposition control. The microstructures, surface roughness, and wettability of the coated substrates were tested and compared with the pure copper substrates. The MWCNTs coated copper substrates exhibits a significant enhancement of the mechanical properties compared to the normal surface. The thickness of the copper substrates increases with increase in coating weight concentrations, the maximum thickness 1.43 microns achieved at 0.4 wt. % of MWCNTs. The usage of copper and MWCNTs based thin film signifies a inspiring but possibly a sustaining chance for developing the future generation heat transfer materials
Ethical issues related to eHealth: An integrative review
Authors: Jokinen Anu , Stolt Minna , Suhonen Riitta
Published: September 2020

Background:

Identifying and safeguarding ethics in eHealth services from the service users’ perspective in social care and healthcare is important. The use of eHealth services should not prejudice the quality of services or the social interaction required in care. There is a lack of studies about the ethics of eHealth services from the service users’ perspective.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to identify and analyse ethical issues related to eHealth in social care and healthcare from the service users’ perspective.

Research design:

An integrative literature review.

Ethical considerations:

The review followed good scientific conduct.

Research context and data sources:

A systematic literature search was performed using CINAHL, Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Academic Search Premier to find relevant empirical studies published in English from their earliest up to 30 November 2018. In addition, reference lists from the identified research papers were searched. A quality appraisal of each paper included in the review was conducted before thematic analysis.

Results:

In total, 26 studies were included in the review, and from these four ethical themes were identified: (1) privacy in eHealth, (2) beneficence and nonmaleficence in eHealth, (3) justice in eHealth and (4) trust in eHealth. The ethical issues within these themes were related to information sharing; ownership; access to information and data protection; informed consent; defence of rights; and equity, equality and proportionality of response.

Conclusion:

eHealth inequality occurs in social care and healthcare. eHealth service designers and social care and healthcare professionals need to act to maintain and improve user access and data accuracy and provide different levels of security in eHealth services, relative to the information stored. There is a need for further research about ethical issues of eHealth from the user’s perspective, including the customer-oriented availability and usability of eHealth services which avoid discrimination.
Homosexuality and Indian Civil Society: Reading Mahesh Dattani After Decriminalization of Section-377
Authors: Lama Bhaskar
Published: September 2020

The Indian Supreme Court in the Navtej Singh Johar vs Union of India judgement (6th September 2018), decriminalized homosexuality. However, the space cleared by the legal judgement cannot be immediately availed of by those affected by it because legally determined/defined space doesn’t necessarily become social space. This essay looks at the formation of this social space and the perception of homosexuality in civil society. It will examine the impediments of communication that homosexuals encounter in the heteronormative world, and the ensuing misunderstandings regarding homosexuality. It argues that a proper medium is necessary to provide communication in a social space that would then treat homosexuality as ‘normal’. I argue that Mahesh Dattani’s plays enable the imagination and the construction of such an accepting civil society.
The Relevance of Gender in the Care of Elders: Assumptions and Realities
Authors: Li Shi
Published: September 2020

An examination of the common belief that gender determines a closer emotional bond between adult daughters and elderly parents than adult sons results in five paradoxes. By employing sociological and psychological theories, this paper looks at discriminatory socialisation that sets sons and daughters apart in childhood and argues that the performance of daily routine chores, rather than gender, lies at the core of how intergenerational bonds are shaped.
Gender and Disability: Dual Marginalization
Authors: Rajni
Published: September 2020

Human society has undergone many shifts and changes at structural and functional levels. The hierarchical structure which exists in the society is the root cause of discrimination among different groups and communities. Groups who are at the lower end are powerless and face discrimination in almost every domain of society. Such marginalization can occur due to gender, ethnicity, disability, caste, class and many more such constructs. The struggle of Girls with Disabilities (GwD) to access and participate in the educational domain remains an issue of great concern for disability activists and researchers. The purpose of this study was a) to explore and understand the lived experiences of GwD in their struggle for education through the lens of the Social Model of Disability (SMD) and b) to identify the issues, concerns, and challenges that GwD face due to their doubly marginalized identities-one based on disability and other on gender, by using the ‘case study’ research method. Themes emerging from the study are (a) socio-cultural issues and disability identity, (b) peer interaction in an educational setting, (c) access and participation in formal educational institutions, (d) gateways of empowerment, and e) structural access and assistive facilities. The findings indicate how policymakers can enhance access and the quality of participation of GwD in educational institutions.
Can We Hear Manu (Gandhi) Speak?
Authors: Bhattacharjee Nabanipa , Goel Shumona
Published: September 2020

In 1942, the recently bereaved Manu Gandhi arrived in Sevagram ashram, Wardha, to serve the aged Mahatma and his ailing wife Kasturba. In 1943, she was called to Poona, where the Mahatma and his associates were jailed. During that time, Manu began keeping a regular diary. Translated and published in 2019, the diary throws open the inner world of a lesser known Gandhi. This review article is a discursive reading of Manu’s daily diary. It begins by locating women in general and Manu in particular in contemporary Gandhiana. The contents of the diary are discussed subsequently, the focus being primarily on Manu as a young woman. Put differently, the article explores Manu’s feminine self (identity and agency) and its interface with larger questions of history such as nationalism and patriarchy. Finally, in an interrogative mode, it examines the possibility of retrieval of Manu’s (a woman’s) hitherto inaudible voice.
Nationalist Thought in Modern India: Exploration of the Idea of Freedom
Authors: Desai Prakash
Published: September 2020

Modern Indian nationalist thought has dealt with political ideas such as freedom, equality, liberty, democracy, so on and so forth. The idea of freedom received enough attention on the part of most of the modern Indian political thinkers. However, the idea of freedom as envisaged by the nationalist thinkers did not receive positive response from the other stream of modern Indian thought. Dalit-Bahujan political thinkers questioned the narration of freedom as propagated by the nationalist thinkers. Nationalist thinkers aspired for universal values and at the same time reaffirmed ancient religious principles. Such effort was questioned and doubted by the other thinkers of modern India. Thus, one can find different narrations of freedom, such as social, economic and political. The social categories such as caste, class and gender became bases for their narration on the idea of freedom. The ideas and arguments of B. G. Tilak, M. K. Gandhi, Pandita Ramabai, Jyotiba Phule, B. R. Ambedkar E. M. S. Namboodripad and others would help in larger understanding of the idea of freedom.
Contemporary Women Filmmakers in Myanmar: Reflections on a Visit in February 2019
Authors: Vitali Valentina
Published: September 2020

Existing accounts of Myanmar’s film industry available to English speakers are more than twenty years out of date. Opening with a brief overview of cinema in Myanmar since 2000, this article is based on a recent visit to the Myanmar Motion Picture Development Department and the Yangon Film School, on conversations with staff, students and alumnae of these institutions and of the National University of Arts and Culture, and with local independent filmmakers. The purpose of my visit was to begin the groundwork needed to answer basic questions: Who are the women making films in Myanmar today? Where are they trained? What are the conditions in which they work? What kind of films they make? How do they fund production? How do their films circulate? And finally: Is there a women’s cinema in Myanmar? What follows thus outlines the context in which women in Myanmar make films today and introduces the work of a small number of them. I conclude with reflections on three short films: A Million Threads (2006, by Thu Thu Shein), Now I am 13 (2013, by Shin Daewe), and Seeds of Sadness (2018, by Thae Zar Chi Khaing), two of which can be found online (at http://yangonfilmschool.org/___-free-yfs-film / and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vX0LUZQcMCQ ).
‘Camera Obscura’ to ‘Camera Dentata’: Women Directors and the Politics of Gender in Malayalam Cinema
Authors: Pillai Meena T.
Published: September 2020

This article examines women directors in Malayalam cinema as historical subjects, looking at the manner in which they place themselves within Kerala’s cultural semiotics and its popular imaginary, disrupting or legitimising an illusion coded to the measure of gender desires and differences within its semiosphere. The logic of commercial cinema demands that women directors fall in sync with the representative politics of the male gaze and a capitalist libidinal economy, seducing women into passive codes of femininity and aligning men within the registers of a hegemonic masculinity, in effect foreclosing the play of alternative languages of desire. Malayalam cinema has had two kinds of women directors, one who tries to puncture this logic from within the male bastions of popular cinema, and the second who strives to be an ‘other’ to the mythmakers of the phallic order. The article attempts to read the first mode of intervention using the Marxian specular metaphor of the camera obscura as a hierarchical apparatus of ideological inversion where the real is substituted by a spectacle of the illusory. To analyse the latter, the article puts forward the metaphor of camera dentata – that modus of representation which seeks to topple the patriarchal and capitalist ideological predispositions of the cinematic apparatus, thus rendering it capable of diminishing the power of phallic signifiers and ‘the moral panics of sexuality’ they engender.
Behind the Scenes: The Women Filmmakers of New Pakistani Cinema
Authors: Hamid Zebunnisa
Published: September 2020

In order to locate and contextualise the space women filmmakers occupy in what I refer to as New Pakistani Cinema (NPC), this article highlights the eight women directors of NPC, whose films were released between 2013 and 2018: Afia Nathaniel, Iram Parveen Bilal, Meenu Gaur, Mehreen Jabbar, Momina Duraid, Sabiha Sumar, Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy and Shazia Ali Khan. In doing so, this article also touches upon women working behind the scenes as producers and writers (often in multiple roles on the same film as director, producer and/or writer) to illustrate how women filmmakers have played a key role in establishing NPC in its early years. Starting with initial releases in 2013, NPC functions within a complex terrain, informed in part by new industry players, the crossing of borders in the production of films, the role of foreign content in Pakistani cinemas and an engagement with regional and global themes situated within a local context. Therefore, NPC and the evolving cinema culture that surrounds it demand unique and innovative forms and avenues of production, distribution and exhibition, along with distinct emerging imaginaries that are an amalgamation of the local, national, regional and global. It is within the temporal and spatial intersections of these different processes that we can begin to situate these women filmmakers.
Genetic testing in sport: Considerations for young athletes
Authors: Hadley Marie , McNamara Donna
Published: September 2020

This article uses the experiences of professional soccer player Abdelhak ‘Appie’ Nouri, who suffered a cardiac arrhythmia at 20 years of age during a pre-season friendly in 2017, as the stepping off point for examining the use and regulation of genetic testing in sport and the human rights implications of genetic testing child athletes for the purposes of talent identification and performance enhancement. The authors identify recent trends in the use of genetic testing in sport, outline the legal and policy framework that regulates genetic testing in Australia, and consider human rights issues that arise in relation to a child’s decision to undertake or withhold consent for testing.
Calving-related intradural avulsion injuries of the thoracolumbar spinal nerve roots in a calf
Authors: Nishiura Hayate , Jou Shino , Ogata Toru , Kondo Hiroki , Ichijo Toshihiro , Sasaki Jun , Ochiai Kenji
Published: September 2020

Calving difficulty may lead to traumatic peripheral nerve injury. A male, 8-mo-old, Japanese Black calf with a history of secondary dystocia as a result of fetal gigantism had lameness and gait disturbance. At autopsy, multifocal dural thickening with adhesions to the adjacent spinal cord was observed at T12–13 and L4–5 vertebral levels. Microscopically, numerous traumatic neuroma-like fascicles of nerve twigs were embedded in the dura mater with abundant collagenous connective tissue. By immunohistochemistry, axons and Schwann cells were confirmed in each nerve fascicle. Our observations suggest that avulsion injuries in the preganglionic fibers of the spinal nerve roots, and secondary spinal cord compression, resulted in the development of neurologic signs.
An Intergeneration Solidarity Perspective on Succession Intentions in Family Firms
Authors: Gimenez-Jimenez Daniela , Edelman Linda F. , Minola Tommaso , Calabrò Andrea , Cassia Lucio
Published: September 2020

In enterprising families, the family, as a social institution, is the foundation of the family business. However, in enterprising families, intergenerational succession remains problematic. Using intergenerational solidarity theory, and data from the 2013 Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students Survey (GUESSS; N = 18,576), our findings indicate that affective commitment partially mediates the relationship between family business exposure and offspring’s succession intentions. We also find that this relationship is stronger for sons than for daughters, while birth order has no effect. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Analysis on enhancing the sensing behavior of ionic polymer metal composite based sensors
Authors: Swarrup J Sakthi , Ganguli Ranjan , Madras Giridhar
Published: September 2020

In this paper, an in-depth analysis of IPMC (ionic polymer metal composite) as sensors is performed, motivated by application to flapping wing micro air vehicles. The effect of water uptake for different IPMC samples reveals a correlation between IPMC metal content and water uptake. The effect of introducing a mass to the end of High-frequency IPMC (HFI ∼ 20.9 Hz) sensor shows an improvement in the IPMC sensing behavior, whereas, for the Low-frequency IPMC (LFI ∼ 8.9 Hz) sensor, there is a reverse trend. Gold (Au) coating on an HFI sensor results in a decrease in resonant frequency. Different mass loaded on the Au coated HFI beams reveals that the pre-bending by adding end mass to HFI sensor is beneficial up to a specific mass level, after which the sensing voltage decreases. The optimized mass loading for the Au coated HFI is determined.
A Communication Model to Bridge Adolescent Patients, Caregivers, and Physicians in Transitions of Care
Authors: Leung Shannon , Walgrave Mason , Barroso Julie , Mennito Sarah
Published: September 2020

A transition of care (TOC) process from pediatric to adult medicine ensures that adolescents receive ongoing care into young adulthood, a time of high risk for preventable morbidity and mortality. We explored patient, caregiver, and physician perspectives on ways to improve TOC communication with healthy adolescents. Two researchers conducted key informant interviews with healthy 12- to 18-year-old adolescents, their caregivers, and primary care physicians working in pediatric, internal, and family medicine. Data saturation was reached after interviewing 12 adolescents, 10 caregivers, and 36 physicians. Three themes were identified: perceptions of TOC; effective communication among the triad of adolescents, caregivers, and providers; and early communication about TOC preparation. From these themes, a model of communication was identified and adapted, outlining the communication skills and responsibilities for physicians and patients during TOC. Physicians must understand how to use strong, consistent, adolescent-centered communication to execute effective TOC.
“There Is So Much More for Us to Lose If We Were to Kill Ourselves”: Understanding Paradoxically Low Rates of Self-Harm in a Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Community in London
Authors: Polling Catherine , Woodhead Charlotte , Harwood Hannah , Hotopf Matthew , Hatch Stephani L.
Published: September 2020

London has unexpectedly low overall rates of self-harm in public health data and contains highly deprived areas with these paradoxically low rates. Qualitative data were collected via interviews and focus groups with 26 individuals living and working in one such area. Using the Stress Process Model, we explore why this ethnically diverse community, which is exposed to multiple, chronic stressors, might nonetheless appear to have low rates of self-harm. Participants described significant impacts of stressors on the mental health of people locally. These were partly buffered by social resources related to community solidarity and a culture of self-reliance. However, identifying oneself as mentally ill through being known to have self-harmed was seen as highly risky, diminishing a person’s social status and exposing them to additional stressors from the community and services. Consequently, people tended to hide distress, respond with behaviors less linked to mental illness, and avoid mental health services.
Safety and Utility of Chloroquine/ Hydroxychloroquine in Palliative Care Patients
Authors: Prommer Eric
Published: September 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic represents a significant healthcare challenge for the world. Many drugs have therapeutic potential. The aminoquinolones, hydroxychloroquine, and chloroquine are undergoing evaluation as a potential therapy against COVID -19. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that these drugs affect viral adherence and modify inflammatory responses, which may provide some impact on the symptoms associated with COVID. As palliative care specialists encounter more COVID positive patients, palliative care specialists need to know how these drugs work, and importantly how they interact with palliative care drugs used for symptom control. At the same time, there is a need to reduce polypharmacy in any seriously ill patient population. The goals of this paper are to identify whether or not hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine improves symptoms in palliative care patients and whether or not these drugs are safe to use in the advanced illness population who have COVID.
Republication of: Finding Our Roots: An Exercise For Creating a Personal Teaching Philosophy Statement
Authors: Beatty Joy E. , Leigh Jennifer S. A. , Lund Dean Kathy
Published: September 2020

Teaching philosophy statements clarify why we do what we do in the classroom, and the process of drafting a philosophy offers an opportunity for developmental reflection. Personal teaching philosophies can be grounded in the shared foundation of historical educational philosophies. The authors offer here for facilitators a reflective card-sort exercise that helps surface the philosophical roots of personal teaching philosophies and helps teachers create or renew a teaching philosophy statement. They explain the exercise activities and typical outcomes based on their experiences facilitating the exercise. The authors conclude with insights and considerations for facilitators.
Self-Esteem in 60 Seconds: The Six-Item State Self-Esteem Scale (SSES-6)
Authors: Webster Gregory D. , Howell Jennifer L. , Shepperd James A.
Published: September 2020

With 20 items, the State Self-Esteem Scale (SSES) can be cumbersome in settings that demand efficiency. The present research created an efficient six-item version of the SSES that preserves score reliability and validity and its three-dimensional structure: social, appearance, and performance self-esteem. Item response theory and confirmatory factor analyses identified the “best” six items—two from each dimension (Study 1). Participants completed the SSES four times at 2-week intervals (Studies 2 and 3). The six-item SSES’ scores showed adequate test–retest reliability, explained substantial variance in trait-relevant measures, and showed convergent validity with related self-esteem measures. Participants completed the SSES and a laboratory experiment where they received negative feedback on an essay they had written and could retaliate against their evaluator by allocating hot sauce for them to consume (Study 4). The six-item SSES interacted with self-esteem instability in expected ways to predict hot sauce allocated.
Deep Venous Thrombosis Recurrence and Its Predictors at Selected Tertiary Hospitals in Ethiopia: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Mulatu Abera , Melaku Tsegaye , Chelkeba Legese
Published: September 2020

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a common clinical problem associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Knowledge of the global burden of DVT recurrence is deficient in Africa, including Ethiopia. The objective of the study was to assess deep venous thrombosis recurrence and its predictors at selected tertiary hospitals in Ethiopia. Prospective cohort study was conducted among hospitalized DVT patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0. To identify the independent predictors of DVT-recurrence, multiple stepwise-backward Cox-regression analysis was done. Statistical significance was considered at P value < .05. A total of 129 participants were included (65.1% females) with mean ± SD age of 38.63 ± 17.67 years. About 26.4% of patients developed recurrent venous thromboembolism. Pulmonary embolism accounted for 17.60% of recurrent event. The overall incidence density of DVT recurrence was 2.99 per 1000 person-days. The mean ± SD survival time to DVT recurrence was 42.03 ± 22.371 days. Age ≥ 50 years (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR]: 5.566; 95% CI: 1.587-19.518; P = .007), occasional alcohol consumption (AHR: 2.011; 95% CI: 1.307-6.314; P = .019), surgical history (AHR: 6.218; 95% CI: 1.540-25.104; P = .010), pregnancy (AHR: 2.0911; 95% CI: 1.046-4.179; P = .037), diabetes mellitus (AHR: 8.048; 95% CI: 2.494-25.966; P < .001), unmet activated partial thromboplastin time target after 24 hours of heparin (AHR: 1.129; 95% CI: 0.120-10.600; P = .011), proximal site involvement (AHR: 5.937; 95% CI: 1.300-27.110; P = .022), and previous history of DVT (AHR: 2.48; 95% CI: 1.085-11.20; P = .0002) were independent predictors of DVT recurrence. The DVT recurrence rate was high in the study area, which is even complicated with pulmonary embolism as well as death. Efforts are needed to prevent and reduce the development of DVT recurrence.
Adaptive intelligent terminal sliding mode controller for stabilizing a chaotic plasma torch system
Authors: Rezaie Behrooz , Khari Safa
Published: September 2020

In this article, a novel adaptive intelligent control scheme is proposed to stabilize a chaotic nonlinear system with unknown dynamics in the presence of uncertainties and external disturbances. The proposed control scheme is a combination of terminal sliding mode, adaptive, and neural controllers. Terminal sliding mode control provides appropriate finite-time stability and robustness against uncertainties and external disturbances. A neural controller is used to provide suitable control action to eliminate chattering when the sliding surface is close to zero. For this purpose, a fuzzy module with simple rules is used to change the contributions of two neural and terminal sliding mode controllers, that is, when the sliding surface has a value around zero, the neural controller will take the control of the system to reduce chattering, and when the sliding surface is far from the zero region, the terminal sliding mode controller will control the system. Moreover, to cope with the unknown dynamics of the system, an online adaptive neural network is also used to approximate the unknown dynamics of the system. This hybrid control scheme is capable to decrease the contribution of the terminal sliding mode in the convergence region of the sliding surface which leads to the elimination of chattering. The combination of the several techniques to use the advantages of all the methods makes the proposed hybrid control scheme as an effective and practical scheme. Simulation results on a chaotic plasma torch system indicate the efficiency of the proposed control scheme in chattering elimination, high convergence, and also show the superior performance compared with the existing methods in the presence of disturbance and uncertainty.
A domain of influence theorem under MGT thermoelasticity theory
Authors: Jangid Komal , Mukhopadhyay Santwana
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this article is to discuss domain of influence results under the Moore–Gibson–Thompson (MGT) thermoelasticity theory. We employ a mixed initial–boundary value problem concerning a homogeneous and isotropic material in view of the MGT thermoelasticity theory and establish the domain of influence theorem for potential–temperature disturbance. This theorem implies that the coupling of potential and temperature generates a thermoelastic disturbance, which vanishes outside the bounded domain for a prescribed bounded support of thermomechanical loading and for a finite time. The resulted bounded domain is subjected to the support of the prescribed load. The finite propagation of thermoelastic disturbance is also analyzed under the MGT theory, where the propagation speed depends on the parameters of the thermoelastic material. It is further shown that the domain of influence result for the present context reduces to the domain of influence result derived in the generalized thermoelasticity theory of Lord and Shulman under some conditions.
Four states of matter and centrally symmetric de Broglie particle–wave mechanical systems
Authors: Hill James M
Published: September 2020

The dark issues of cosmological mechanics imply that our accounting for mass and energy at this scale is incorrect. On the other hand, existing theory not only accounts for atomic physics, but does so to a very high degree of accuracy. de Broglie was first to propose a concrete physical picture of the co-existence of both particle and its associated wave. We have previously proposed a Lorentz invariant modification of Newton’s second law that applies when the particle energy itself is of comparable magnitude to the potential energy of the applied external field. A dual particle–wave formulation is developed that allows exceptions to the law that matter cannot be created or destroyed, and accommodates both particle and wave energies. Here we examine this formulation in a centrally or spherically symmetric gravitating environment. A logical analysis of the integrated rate-of-working equation gives rise to four distinct states of matter; positive and negative energies with either non-zero rest mass or zero rest mass. This identification is meaningful only within the extended theory, and it has no meaning within conventional theory. We propose that dark matter and dark energy arise from a particular alignment of the spatial physical force f and the force g in the direction of time, such that the particle and wave energies coincide, and a consistent mathematical framework supports this proposal. Allowable potentials V( r, t) arise as the solutions of certain partial differential equations depending upon the assumed state of matter, and the mathematical framework corresponding to each state is briefly described and, where possible, some of the simpler and physically more interesting solutions are examined. The Newtonian gravitational potential arises from a variety of asymptotic limits, and can be identified as predominantly wave energy, which is entirely consistent with the post-Newtonian approximation.
Service Failure and Recovery at the Crossroads: Recommendations to Revitalize the Field and its Influence
Authors: Grégoire Yany , Mattila Anna S.
Published: September 2020

In this editorial, we offer a critical assessment of the service failure and recovery (SFR) literature and suggest that the field is at a crossroads in terms of growth and relevance. Specifically, we address two key questions: (1) What is the current state of the field? (2) What avenues should SFR researchers pursue to promote a new stage of success? To answer the first question, we tracked the evolution of SFR articles over the last 15 years by using Web of Science. Our analysis suggests that the recent growth of SFR research is mainly attributable to articles published in specialized journals; the number of articles published in leading journals remains stable and relatively low for the last 10 years. This situation reflects the poor integration of two core SFR domains: Behavioral-subjective research tends to be published in specialized journals, whereas quantitative-objective articles have been in high demand in leading journals. To answer the second question, we propose a dozen research avenues to help the integration of the two domains, so that the whole field can regain prominence. These research avenues are organized in four categories: (1) expanding the static “customer-firm” dyad, (2) studying new contexts that challenge the assumption of recovery, (3) collecting better data and using stronger analytics, and (4) building on the synthetic knowledge base already created. By making such changes, the SFR domain will reclaim its rightful place as an important subfield of service science.
Unusual Symptomatology in Eagle Syndrome
Authors: Pace Annalisa , Rossetti Valeria , Iannella Giannicola , Magliulo Giuseppe
Published: September 2020

A 20-year-old female presented a history of isolate left external ear pain. ENT valuation showed no alteration of the district, but an aberrant styloid process was tender to palpation in the left tonsillar fossa. Computer tomography was performed and confirmed it. Thereafter, the diagnosis of Eagle syndrome was made. The auricular branch of the vagal nerve (ABVN) was pressed by the styloid process causing the pain. This case pointed out the importance to consider anatomical alteration as elongated styloid process as a possible cause of external ear pain.
Mediamorphosis of Regional Newspapers: Utilization of the Internet’s Potential by Kannada Media
Authors: Deepak B.J.  , Rodrigues Usha M. , Rani Padma
Published: September 2020

The advent of the internet has posed threats as well as offered new opportunities for the traditional news media industry. The innumerable potentials of the internet include instant delivery of news, multimedia content and other user-friendly features to media consumers. Since digital news consumption is proliferating in India, it is important to study how Indian regional newspapers have adapted to new media technological advancements. Using Zamith’s (2008. 9th International Symposium on Online Journalism, 1–8) methodological framework, we identify various potentials of the internet that can be utilized by the traditional media offering news online. The study examines the extent to which Indian regional news sites have incorporated these potentials—interactivity, hypertextuality, multimediality, immediacy, memory, personalization, ubiquity, creativity and other latest new media technologies. Roger Fidler’s ‘mediamorphosis theory’ is employed as a theoretical approach to examine how regional language newspapers are responding to technological advancements. The study looks at three news sites of the most circulated Kannada language (a regional language of Karnataka state) newspapers. Our study finds that Indian regional news sites only partially use the internet’s potentials and are unable to explore some of the internet’s features due to their rigid organizational policies and a lack of multiskilled workforce.
The Drift in Journalism Education in India vis-à-vis New Media: Use of New Media by Administrators/ Educators in Journalism Schools
Authors: Jindal Neha
Published: September 2020

With new media becoming the mainstay of the journalism industry, there is a change in curriculum and pedagogy in journalism education. Even with Web 2.0 becoming the main source of news dissemination, journalism educators will still be required to impart skills to the next generation on writing with clarity, organizing ideas cleanly and working efficiently as a team. The change will be in the methodology, and has to be accepted by the institution at the administrative level first. Since journalism education is required to develop a rational capacity in future graduates, and help them attain all skills essential to understand the media industry with regard to new media practices and changing trends, journalism administrators and educators have to be ably equipped with the skills, only then these can be delivered to the students. The study is about private and public (government) journalism schools in India and focuses on their willingness to adopt the requisite skill set and display adaptability towards using new media. It includes interviews conducted with administrators (who are also educators) in government and private journalism institutions in the country, concerning acceptance of new media and adoption in curriculum, instruction, evaluation and feedback, and arrives at results interpretatively.
Post-normal: Crisis and the End of the Ordinary
Authors: Stephens Elizabeth
Published: September 2020

This article examines the ubiquity of discussion about the normal in media commentary on the coronavirus pandemic. Almost all media commentary on the pandemic references a hope that things will soon, or at least eventually, ‘return to normal’. Yet what is meant by the normal is rarely the subject of explicit description; rather, its meaning is almost always taken for granted. This article examines the centrality of the concept of the normal to media commentary on the pandemic, showing that its significance is affective as much as semantic.
Transnational Activism for Global Crises: Resources Matter! Transnational Solidarity Organisations in Comparative Perspective
Authors: Loukakis Angelos , Maggini Nicola
Published: September 2020

In recent years, the global financial crisis and the ensuing austerity measures in European countries have resulted in dire cuts to public services, massive job losses, and diminished incomes. At the same time, and parallel to the economic crisis, a refugee crisis has arisen. In this context, ordinary citizens and new or re-energised networks of cooperation among civil society actors (e.g. non-governmental organisations (NGOs), churches, trade unions, cooperatives, grassroots initiatives) foster (transnational) solidarity practices. These practices grow in importance as they try to address people’s needs, often unmet by national governments given their lack of financial resources. This article investigates whether and to what extent civic initiatives and organisations are involved in transnational solidarity activities. Moreover, it seeks to identify those factors that seem to promote or inhibit the scope of transnational activities. The article critically analyses the initiatives and practices of Transnational Solidarity Organisations (TSOs) in eight European countries on the basis of data on transnationally oriented civic groups and organisations committed to organising solidarity activities in three fields of work (disabilities, unemployment, and assistance to refugees). The analysis aims to contribute, through fresh empirical data, to the scholarly discussion in the field of transnational solidarity mobilisation and organisations by pointing out that most solidarity organisations remain active primarily at the local and/or national level(s) and that only a minority of solidarity organisations are engaged in cross-national activities. Transnational activities are associated with formalisation and professionalisation. Moreover, maintaining a web of transnational partners, being able to communicate with such partners, and conventional action repertoires seem to be conducive to transnational activism. Organisational values linked to cosmopolitanism are also important, but their impact on transnational solidarity actions is mediated and conditioned by the TSOs’ level of formalisation.