bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protected Agriculture in Extreme Environments: A Review of Controlled Environment Agriculture in Tropical, Arid, Polar, and Urban Locations
Authors: McCartney Lucas , Lefsrud Mark
Published: April 2018

Abstract.

Many methods of protected agriculture are used to modify the growing environment of plants. Ideally, plant production would take place in regions that do not require protective structures, regions that present ideal temperatures, no harsh extremes, and sufficient but not excess precipitation. This is not the case however, as most countries, save for a select few, require various forms of controlled environment agriculture to protect crops against climatic and environmental extremes. Although the greenhouse industry has developed vast amounts of technology for the temperate climate regions of our planet, much remains to be improved in terms of protected agriculture in the more extreme climates. Tropical, arid, polar and urban locations offer contrasting environments that present various challenges for plant growth. Some challenges are specific to each location, while others are common across them. Tropical and arid climates offer high solar radiation, but present harsh temperature and relative humidity conditions. Most protected agriculture structures are relatively open in nature to ventilate and discharge heat, but are susceptible to pests and diseases. On the other hand, polar climates and urban environments often lack solar radiation and require a high level of control of the air quality. The structures used in these environments are relatively enclosed to entrap heat (polar) and to make efficient use of space. The sustainability of available technologies and energy efficiency are important themes present in all discussed climates and environments. Protected agriculture technologies offer solutions to growers in locations with extreme climates wishing to produce high yields of high quality crop, and this article presents a review of the existing challenges and of the advancements made in this field. Keywords: Arid climate greenhouse, Evaporative cooling, Natural ventilation, Protected agriculture, Tropical climate greenhouse, Urban agriculture, Vertical farming.
Characteristics of Yoghurt and Yoghurt Ice Cream Added With Rice Powder or Puffed Rice Powder
Authors: Li Xiao Xiao , Yi Young Hyoun
Published: April 2018

The pH, acidity, viscosity, viable cell counts of lactic acid bacteria, and Hunter color value of yoghurt and also overrun and melting-down of yoghurt ice cream added with rice or puffed rice powder in instead of sugar were investigated. For the pH of yoghurt and ice cream, the control’s was higher than others’. The pH of rice powder and short grain was higher than that of puffed and long rice powders, respectively. Yoghurt acidity was consistent with the pH. Higher viscosity of yoghurt and over-run of ice cream were observed in the puffed rice powder with more gelatinization and the short rice powder with more amylopectin. Yoghurt and ice cream of the long rice powder showed higher viable cell counts than others. Lower Hunter “L” and “a” values of the puffed rice powder may be due to high temperature and pressure. Lower melting-down of higher over-run samples (p<0.05) might be caused by air insulation. Rice powder and puffed rice powder could be a good substitute for table sugar in yoghurt and ice cream production.
Decolorization Processing and Quality Characteristics of Salt-fermented Anchovy Sauce by Active Carbon Powder
Authors: Cho Won-Il , Song Sang-Hoon
Published: April 2018

A study on the decolorization method of salt-fermented anchovy sauce using activated carbon was carried out. The anchovy sauce filtered with a diatomaceous membrane after heating at 85°C for 20 min was reacted with 3.0% (w/w) activated carbon with pH 4.5 at 55°C for 2 hr. The color difference value and turbidity related to the decolorizing effect showed excellent improvement results with a difference of 23% and 88%, respectively. The overall taste and color preference of decolorized anchovy sauce were significantly increased in shrimp sauce by 0.4-0.5 points (p<0.05). In order to minimize the precipitation of amino acid during storage, 1% silicon dioxide or gelatin was mixed and filtered after the activated carbon reaction. Turbidity, as index of sedimentation, was improved by 15% at 30°C for 2 weeks. The recycle system with activated carbon coated membrane filter reduced the processing time and cost on decolorization of anchovy sauce. When the concentrated anchovy sauce was recirculated, the amount of total protein as an indicator of taste compounds was increased by 125%, which is 1.8% compared to the conventional 0.8%, indicating that it is highly useful as a liquid seasoning.
Optimization of Processing Conditions for the Production of Frozen Aster scaber
Authors: Choi Mi-Jung , Kim Yi-Seul , Seon Min-Ji , Hong Geun-Pyo
Published: April 2018

This study investigated the effects of blanching time (1-5 min), types of blanching solution (1% NaCl vs 1-3% sucrose), addition of packaging with blanching solution, and thawing methods (thawing in packaged versus depackaged units) on the qualities of frozen Aster scaber. As quality parameters, drip loss, moisture content, shear force, color, and sensory test were conducted. Aster scaber was blanched in 1% sucrose for 4 min and packaged with the same solution prior to freezing whereas frozen Aster scaber exhibited palatable quality when it was removed from the package and thawed in running water. Consequently, this study demonstrated that the optimized processing condition provided qualities like non-frozen control.
The Effect of Freezing and Thawing Conditions on the Quality Characteristic of Blanched Radish (Raphanus sativus L.)
Authors: Park Ji Hyun , Park Jong Jin , Park Bo Ram , Han Gwi Jung , Kim Ha Yun
Published: April 2018

This study investigated the effect of various freezing and thawing conditions on the quality characteristics of radish. White radish was blanched and cooled down to corresponding freezing temperatures of -20°C, -40°C and -60°C and, thereafter, the radish was finally frozen in a -20°C refrigerator for 24 h. The frozen radish was thawed at 4°C, 25°C and with running water, radio-frequency thawing machine. As quality parameters, pH, drip loss, hardness, color, and sensory evaluation were evaluated. No effect of freezing and thawing conditions on color, pH, and total bacterial count was observed for the samples. Samples that underwent immersion freezing (-60oC) had lower drip loss and higher hardness than samples in other freezing conditions. Sensory evaluation showed that color, hardness, and overall acceptability increased with a decrease in freezing temperature. These results indicate that the temperature of freezing affects the quality of radish.
Effect of Germination and Roasting Treatment on the Quality Characteristics and Antioxidant Properties of Black Soybean Flours
Authors: Woo Koan Sik , Lee Ji Hae , Lee Byong Won , Lee Yu Young , Lee Byoung Kyu , Kim Hyun-Joo
Published: April 2018

The change of quality characteristics and antioxidant properties of black soybean flours after germination and roasting treatment were evaluated. The moisture content of roasted black soybean flours decreased significantly according to roasting temperatures and times, and the crude ash, protein, and fat contents increased. The water binding capacity of roasted black soybean flours with and without germination increased significantly according to roasting temperatures and times; however, water solubility index and swelling power decreased. The lightness of roasted black soybean flours was significantly decreased, and the redness and yellowness increased. The phenolic compounds and radical scavenging activity of roasted black soybean flours increased with increasing roasting temperatures and times. The total polyphenol contents of roasted black soybean flours with and without germination were 5.43-7.81 and 4.52-6.17 mg GAE/g, and total flavonoid contents were 2.90-3.50 and 2.34-3.01 mg CE/g, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of roasted black soybean flours, with and without germination, was 254.98-415.05 and 171.95-295.15 mg TE/100 g, and the ABTS radical scavenging activity was 459.74-596.37 and 422.95-526.85 mg TE/100 g, respectively. As a result, it is necessary to establish quality standards for each application by considering the quality characteristics and antioxidant properties of roasted black soybean flours.
How do children and their families experience food poverty according to UK newspaper media 2006–15?
Authors: Knight Abigail , Brannen Julia , O'Connell Rebecca , Hamilton Laura
Published: April 2018

This paper contributes to scholarship concerned with media representations of poverty by exploring newspaper coverage of food poverty as experienced by UK children and families. Our content analysis of six contrasting print newspapers from 2006–15 finds that reporting of children's and families’ food poverty begins in 2011, peaks in 2014 and is dominated by articles about foodbanks. Narrative analysis identifies differences as well as similarities in the ways the problem is constructed in papers with different political stances as well as notable absences in the coverage, including the broader dimensions of food poverty and the views of children themselves.
A questioning situation: Patricio Guzmán’s cine-essayistic explorations of fragile planetary configurations
Authors: Hollweg Brenda
Published: April 2018

This chapter provides a close reading of Chilean filmmaker Patricio Guzmán’s cine-essay The Pearl Button (El botón de nácar) (2015). Through the use of figurative language, alignment and speculative narratives Guzmán creates a ‘multi-directional’ picture of Chile’s Tierra del Fuego, its indigenous population and violent history over the last three centuries. With his choice of the essay as cinematic form he seeks to hold together, in Isabelle Stengers’ sense, questions that are complex and multifaceted; questions that are of archaeological, humanitarian or ethical concern and that require the input of many human and non-human voices and forces. In her booklength essay, In Catastrophic Times (2015), the Belgian philosopher encourages the sciences to approach a matter of common concern, such as anthropocenic change, via an ecology of practices. I see such ecological thinking in practice in Guzmán’s cine-essayistic work, in which human-centred events acquire a larger cosmological dimension to the extent that abstract philosophical questions remain worldly, that is committed to the material and embodied realities of the earthbound.
The serial portrait and coeval time on the cable car up Manakamana mountain
Authors: Tarrant Patrick
Published: April 2018

This article argues that by framing Manakamana (Spray and Velez, 2013) as a serial portrait, we illuminate the ways that the film situates its Nepalese cable car riders, its American filmmakers and its largely western spectators in an emergent and shared time, and that the sequencing of human subjects that is central to this serial portrait posits an alternative to that once ubiquitous tendency to cast non-western subjects into a time that is past. In 1983’s Time And The Other, Johannes Fabian decried the discursive and ideological effects of denying ethnographic subjects their coevalness, but in Manakamana’s formal experimentation and its strategic deployment of cinematic homologies and spiritual allegories, a reflexivity emerges to reframe the way representations of people can be organized in time.
Varda’s recycling of life in Les plages d’Agnès: Self-representational metacinema as a discourse on creatorship
Authors: Chinita Fátima
Published: April 2018

Stemming from the concept of ‘enunciation’, here posited as an act of expression, self-depiction and reasoning, this article addresses the category of the ‘self-representational metacinema’, which is a self-reflexive variety of essay film as authorial discourse, and analyses the way in which Agnès Varda’s The Beaches of Agnès (2008) is an opus about the world and thought processes of an artist as the artist is immersed in the world (of cinema). Firstly, by presenting herself, in her own body, as ‘Agnès Varda’, the director writes her identity into the film, as a first layer of filmic enunciation placed midway between reality and illusion, thus ambiguating herself as an objective person, on the one hand, and reinforcing her nature as a subjective creator (i.e. endowed with a specifically cinematic worldvision), on the other. The representation of the filmic artist at work (as ars poetica) embraces the self-portrait as a fully fledged art cinema aesthetic category. Secondly, by rethinking the world through (her) cinema, Varda adopts a phenomenological position in which the digressive nature of her cinematic writing is conveyed as a corporeal experience of being in the world, according to Vivian Sobchak with Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Varda not only interacts with the world around her but also inscribes herself in the essay film as both representation and expression, that is, matter and thought. Thirdly, the reality and illusion dichotomy, which pervades the entire film, is particularly intense in the third and final layer of enunciation, which involves mnemonic rewinding. The division of Varda’s life in several coexisting stages from which the director can extract particular memories reconciles Gilles Deleuze’s chronosigns, which imply a non-chronological time structure, with a more traditional Augustinian time as an arrow, a conception of a threefold present, and immortality beyond that. Ultimately, The Beaches of Agnes is a discourse on the power of the image and creation.
Avrupa Birliği’nde Bölge Yönetimleri: İki Örnek ve Türkiye İçin Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Mamur Işıkçı Yasemin
Published: April 2018

1980’li
yıllardan itibaren bölge yönetimleri Avrupa Birliği içinde, ekonomik ve sosyal
gelişmenin, aynı zamanda da demokratik yaşamın baş aktörleri olarak görülmüştür.
Böylece Avrupa bütünleşme süreci içinde yerel ve bölgesel yönetimlerin önemi
daha çok ortaya çıkmıştır. 1990’lı yıllardan itibaren de Avrupa Birliği
içindeki bölgesel yönetimler, özerkleşme ve yerelleşme yönünde değişime
uğradıkları bir süreç içine girmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada Avrupa Birliği üyesi
olan ve farklı yönetsel geleneklerden gelen Fransa ve Federal Almanya
ülkelerinin yerel ve bölgesel yönetimlerinde meydana gelen değişimler
incelenmiş ve Türkiye’de yapılan yerel yönetimler reformu Avrupa Birliği
“bölge” anlayışı açısından değerlendirmiştir. Çalışma, literatüre dayalı
araştırmalar bağlamında tarihsel ve betimsel araştırma yöntemleri kullanılarak yapılan
tanımlayıcı (descriptive) bir çalışmadır
Zorunlu Yer Değiştirmiş Öğretmenlerin Yaşadıkları Sorunların Belirlenmesi
Authors: Sançmış Feride
Published: April 2018

Bu araştırmanın genel amacı, soruşturma sonucunda yer değiştiren
öğretmenlerin yaşadıkları sorunların belirlenmesidir. Bu araştırma nitel bir
çalışmadır. Veriler görüşme tekniği ile elde edilmiştir. Nitel araştırma
yöntemlerinde sıkça kullanılan kartopu amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi seçilmiştir.
Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, İstanbul ili; Sancaktepe, Kartal Pendik, Üsküdar,
Maltepe, Ümraniye ve Kadıköy ilçelerinde Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı’na bağlı resmi
okullarda görevli soruşturma sonucu görev yeri değiştirilmiş öğretmenler
oluşturmaktadır. Bu öğretmenler içerisinden 2008 yılı ve sonrasında soruşturma
sonucu görev yeri değiştirilmiş 9 öğretmen kartopu tekniği ile seçilmiştir.
Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak, “Görüşme Soruları Formu” ile “Kişisel
Bilgi Formu” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, bazı
yöneticilerinin zorunlu olarak yer değiştirmiş öğretmene karşı ön yargılı
yaklaştığı, ancak, onlarla birlikte çalıştığı süre içerisinde ön yargının
ortadan kalktığı ve çalışma barışının sağlandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Soruşturma sürecinde müfettişlerin okula gelip gitmesi, diğer öğretmenler de
korku, kaygı, tedirginlik, hatta kendilerine karşı öfke duymalarına neden
olmuşlardır. Öğretmenlerden bazılarının soruşturma sürecinde ve sonrasında
öğrencilerle iletişim sorunu yaşamışlardır. Soruşturma sonucu yer değişikliği
yapmak, öğretmelerin sosyal hayatlarını olumsuz etkilemiştir. Görev yerleri
soruşturmayla değiştirilen öğretmenlerin, okullardaki duyuru ve mesleki gelişim
çalışmalarında hak ettikleri biçimde yararlandıkları konusunda genel olarak
sorunla karşılaşmadıkları; ancak gezi ve nöbet konularında sorun yaşadıkları
görülmüştür
Konferensi Inter-Indonesia Tahun 1949: Wujud Konsensus Nasional antara Republik Indonesia dengan Bijeenkomst voor Federaal Overleg
Authors: Putro Widhi Setyo
Published: April 2018

This article discusses the national consensus between the Republic of Indonesia (RI) and the Bijeenkomst voor Federaal Overleg (BFO) which embodied in the 1949 Inter-Indonesia Conference. Using conflict and consensus theory of Ralf Dahrendorf, this article seeks to understand the conflicts of interest background and the process towards a consensus between RI and BFO. The conflict between RI and BFO motivated by the Dutch aimed to control Indonesia. One of his efforts was to divide the Indonesian nation by forming states, which led to a conflict between the Republicans (Republicans) who supported the united state, and the federalists (BFO) in favor of the federal state. The study found that the Dutch federal policy was not entirely a success because the federalists which incorporated in BFO was not affected. The conflict between the Republican and federalists subsided with the implementation of the Goodwill Mission and the sending of the BFO Liaison Commission to meet Indonesian leaders detained after the Dutch Military Aggression II. The summit was a national consensus between RI and BFO, it embodied in the Inter-Indonesia Conference in 1949 which took placed at Yogyakarta and Jakarta. They reached a consensus by agreeing on fundamental issues as the identity of a sovereign state, such as the name of the country, Merah Putih as the official flag, Bahasa Indonesia as the official language, and the Indonesia Raya as the national anthem.
Życie kontemplacyjne w Afryce na przykładzie Rwandy
Authors: MALICKI JAN
Published: April 2018

Życie kontemplacyjne w Afryce na przykładzie Rwandy
Międzynarodowy Akademicki Kongres Misyjny w Poznaniu (28 IX - 2 X 1927)
Authors: WILCZYŃSKI LESZEK
Published: April 2018

Międzynarodowy Akademicki Kongres Misyjny w Poznaniu (28 IX - 2 X 1927)
Franciszkańscy misjonarze w Peru
Authors: Szyszka Tomasz
Published: April 2018

The history of evangelization in Peru, which started at the very onset of the 16th century is connected with the presence of the missionaries of the Franciscan Order, who played a major role in the building of Church structures on the territory of the former Inca empire. However, their main contribution was an effective evangelization of the indigenous peoples through the use of innovative methods (music, singing and art, organizing schools for Indians, knowledge of indigenous languages, protection of Indians against excessive exploitation). In this activity they were urged by their Franciscan charisma summed up in the greeting “Peace and good”. Their missionary commitment was realized not only in the Andean world, but over time expanded across the Amazon Selva.
Certifying numerical estimates of spectral gaps
Authors: Kaluba Marek , Nowak Piotr W.
Published: April 2018

We establish a lower bound on the spectral gap of the Laplace operator on special linear groups using conic optimisation. In particular, this provides a constructive (but computer assisted) proof that these groups have the Kazhdan property (T). Software for such optimisation for other finitely presented groups is provided.
First record of Little Indian field mouse, Mus booduga (Gray 1837) (Rodentia: Muridae), from cold arid region of Leh-Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Authors: Chaudhary Vipin , Tripathi Rakesh S.
Published: April 2018

Mus booduga (Gray 1837) is a mesic rodent, recorded for the first time from the cold arid region of Leh-Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir, India. The species was collected from crop fields and nearby areas from different altitudes ranging from 3187 to 3768 m above mean sea level. The paper describes the external measurements and diagnostic features of M. booduga collected from Leh-Ladakh region. Earlier records had shown its altitudinal distribution from 250 to 3695 m above mean sea level from Uttarakhand in the Himalayan region, however in the present study the mouse was collected up to an altitude of 3768 m which is the highest elevational record of this species for the Himalayan range.
A prototype of a flexible grid electrode to treat widespread superficial tumors by means of Electrochemotherapy
Authors: Campana Luca G. , Dughiero Fabrizio , Forzan Michele , Rossi Carlo R. , Sieni Elisabetta
Published: April 2018

Background

In recent years, superficial chest wall recurrence from breast cancer can be effectively treated by means of electrochemotherapy, with the majority of patients achieving response to treatment. Nevertheless, tumor spread along superficial lymphatic vessels makes this peculiar type of tumor recurrence prone to involve large skin areas and difficult to treat. In these cases, electroporation with standard, small size needle electrodes can be time-consuming and produce an inhomogeneous coverage of the target area, ultimately resulting in patient under treatment.

Materials and methods

Authors designed and developed a prototype of a flexible grid electrode aimed at the treatment of large skin surfaces and manufactured a connection box to link the pulse applicator to a voltage pulse generator. Laboratory tests on potato tissue were performed in order to evaluate the electroporation effect, which was evaluated by observing color change of treated tissue.

Results

A device has been designed in order to treat chest wall recurrences from breast cancer. According to preliminary tests, the new flexible support of the electrode allows the adaptability to the surface to be treated. Moreover, the designed devices can be useful to treat a larger surface in 2–5 minutes.

Conclusions

Authors developed the prototype of a new pulse applicator aimed at the treatment of widespread superficial tumors. This flexible grid needle electrode was successfully tested on potato tissue and produced an electroporation effect. From a clinical point of view, the development of this device may shorten electrochemotherapy procedure thus allowing clinicians to administer electric pulses at the time of maximum tumor exposure to drugs. Moreover, since the treatment time is 2–5 min long, it could also reduce the time of anesthesia, thus improving patient recovery.
Electrochemotherapy by pulsed electromagnetic field treatment (PEMF) in mouse melanoma B16F10 in vivo
Authors: Kranjc Simona , Kranjc Matej , Scancar Janez , Jelenc Jure , Sersa Gregor , Miklavcic Damijan
Published: April 2018

Introduction

Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) induces pulsed electric field, which presumably increases membrane permeabilization of the exposed cells, similar to the conventional electroporation. Thus, contactless PEMF could represent a promising approach for drug delivery.

Materials and methods

Noninvasive electroporation was performed by magnetic field pulse generator connected to an applicator consisting of round coil. Subcutaneous mouse B16F10 melanoma tumors were treated with intravenously injection of cisplatin (CDDP) (4 mg/kg), PEMF (480 bipolar pulses, at frequency of 80 Hz, pulse duration of 340 μs) or with the combination of both therapies (electrochemotherapy − PEMF + CDDP). Antitumor effectiveness of treatments was evaluated by tumor growth delay assay. In addition, the platinum (Pt) uptake in tumors and serum, as well as Pt bound to the DNA in the cells and Pt in the extracellular fraction were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Results

The antitumor effectiveness of electrochemotherapy with CDDP mediated by PEMF was comparable to the conventional electrochemotherapy with CDDP, with the induction of 2.3 days and 3.0 days tumor growth delay, respectively. The exposure of tumors to PEMF only, had no effect on tumor growth, as well as the injection of CDDP only. The antitumor effect in combined treatment was related to increased drug uptake into the electroporated tumor cells, demonstrated by increased amount of Pt bound to the DNA. Approximately 2-fold increase in cellular uptake of Pt was measured.

Conclusions

The obtained results in mouse melanoma model in vivo demonstrate the possible use of PEMF induced electroporation for biomedical applications, such as electrochemotherapy. The main advantages of electroporation mediated by PEMF are contactless and painless application, as well as effective electroporation compared to conventional electroporation.
Diffusion tensor MR microscopy of tissues with low diffusional anisotropy
Authors: Bajd Franci , Mattea Carlos , Stapf Siegfried , Sersa Igor
Published: April 2018

Background

Diffusion tensor imaging exploits preferential diffusional motion of water molecules residing within tissue compartments for assessment of tissue structural anisotropy. However, instrumentation and post-processing errors play an important role in determination of diffusion tensor elements. In the study, several experimental factors affecting accuracy of diffusion tensor determination were analyzed.

Materials and methods

Effects of signal-to-noise ratio and configuration of the applied diffusion-sensitizing gradients on fractional anisotropy bias were analyzed by means of numerical simulations. In addition, diffusion tensor magnetic resonance microscopy experiments were performed on a tap water phantom and bovine articular cartilage-on-bone samples to verify the simulation results.

Results

In both, the simulations and the experiments, the multivariate linear regression of the diffusion-tensor analysis yielded overestimated fractional anisotropy with low SNRs and with low numbers of applied diffusion-sensitizing gradients.

Conclusions

An increase of the apparent fractional anisotropy due to unfavorable experimental conditions can be overcome by applying a larger number of diffusion sensitizing gradients with small values of the condition number of the transformation matrix. This is in particular relevant in magnetic resonance microscopy, where imaging gradients are high and the signal-to-noise ratio is low.
A Simple Method for Assessing the Peak Friction Angle of Sand at Very Low Confining Pressures
Authors: Giampa Joseph R. , Bradshaw Aaron S.
Published: April 2018

This article presents a simple experimental method that may be used to assess the peak friction angle of sand at very low effective confining pressures (i.e., <10 kPa). Soil strength at very low confining pressures is important to a variety of geotechnical problems, including small-scale 1-g physical modeling and micro-gravity environments. It is often very difficult to assess friction angles at very low confining pressures in conventional element tests because some factors, such as specimen self-weight and machine friction, become significant. Currently, there are no published methods available to measure the peak friction angle of sands below a mean effective stress at failure of about 6 kPa. To address this need, a simple tilt test method is proposed that involves preparing a soil to a specified relative density within a steel mold and then tilting the mold to induce a shallow slope failure. Based on infinite slope analysis, the tilt angle at which the slope fails is equal to the peak friction angle. A modified stress-dilatancy relationship is also proposed that can be calibrated for a specific soil using a combination of tilt test and triaxial test data. This relationship can be used to predict peak friction and dilation angles over the low stress range.
Altered Cerebellar Short-Term Plasticity but No Change in Postsynaptic AMPA-Type Glutamate Receptors in a Mouse Model of Juvenile Batten Disease
Authors: Studniarczyk Dorota , Needham Elizabeth L. , Mitchison Hannah M. , Farrant Mark , Cull-Candy Stuart G.
Published: April 2018

Juvenile Batten disease is the most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder of childhood. It is associated with mutations in theCLN3gene, causing loss of function of CLN3 protein and degeneration of cerebellar and retinal neurons. It has been proposed that changes in granule cell AMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) contribute to the cerebellar dysfunction. In this study, we compared AMPAR properties and synaptic transmission in cerebellar granule cells from wild-type andCln3knock-out mice. InCln3Δex1–6cells, the amplitude of AMPA-evoked whole-cell currents was unchanged. Similarly, we found no change in the amplitude, kinetics, or rectification of synaptic currents evoked by individual quanta, or in their underlying single-channel conductance. We found no change in cerebellar expression of GluA2 or GluA4 protein. By contrast, we observed a reduced number of quantal events following mossy-fiber stimulation in Sr2+, altered short-term plasticity in conditions of reduced extracellular Ca2+, and reduced mossy fiber vesicle number. Thus, while our results suggest early presynaptic changes in theCln3Δex1–6mouse model of juvenile Batten disease, they reveal no evidence for altered postsynaptic AMPARs.
Subjective Population of Personality: Socio-Psychological Aspects
Authors: Zavatskyi Vadym , Zavatskyi Yurii , Spicka Liana
Published: April 2018

The paper is aimed at identifying the influence of socio-psychological factors on the formation of subjective wellbeing of a married person. The following methods were used: questionnaire, psycho diagnostic techniques for investigating satisfaction with marriage, personal self-fulfillment in the family (on the operational level and the level of values and role sets), socio-psychological adaptation, conformity of family values and role expectations in marriage. The data about the content, structural components (cognitive and evaluation, value and motivational, emotional and behavioral) and functions (regulatory, prognostic, developmental) of subjective well-being of a married person have been presented. Socio-psychological factors of subjective well-being of a married person have been specified
Educational Potential of Fedir (Theodore) Dudko’s Historical Prose (Based on the Story “Strybozha Granddaughter”) in the Formation of Person’s Value Intentions
Authors: Khomyshyn Olga
Published: April 2018

The great role of the historical fiction in the process of upbringing and exactly in the system of person`s values and intentions that lay the foundations of spirituality, national dignity and vital competence is analyzed in the article. Fedir Dudko’s artistic interpretation of the historical time and the image of a historical character in the projection on the writer’s present time are highlighted as well. The main emphases are made on the educational potential of his prose and persuasiveness of artistic historicism of the story “Strybozha granddaughter” and the determination of the stylistic leitmotif by the statesmanship idea of the work
Formation of Teachers’ Digital Competence: Domestic Challenges and Foreign Experience
Authors: Blyznyuk Tetyana
Published: April 2018

Education system in Ukraine is undergoing large-scale reforms including modernization on different school levels and higher educational institutions. Students’ world view is laid out at school, that is why teachers must be ready to promote new content of education. According to the Concept “New School of Ukraine” among the key competencies of a student are the ability of intercultural communication in social and cultural contexts, digital competence, awareness of national identity as the basis of open-mindedness and respect for the diversity of cultural expression of others, and more. With this paper the author intends to initiate modifying demanded competencies and skills for contemporary primary school teachers based on cross-cultural experience. The article explains the necessity of forming a digital competence as a separate component of the professional skills of the modern teacher and shows its influence on the development of the personality of the modern student. Much attention is drawn to the domestic challenges in the implementation of digital devices in classrooms. Some foreign experience is analyzed in this research
Innovation of Education and Educational Innovations in Conditions of Modern Higher Education Institution
Authors: Mykhailyshyn Halyna , Kondur Oksana , Serman Lesia
Published: April 2018

The article describes the different approaches to the interpretation of educational innovations and innovations in education. The modern labor market requires graduates ability to operate such technologies and knowledge that meet the needs of the information society, prepare young people for new roles in this society.

It is necessary to distinguish between the concepts “educational innovations” and “innovations in education”. Innovation in education is a broader concept than educational innovation. They include educational, scientific and technological, infrastructural, economic, social, legal, administrative and other innovations. Educational innovations are understood as a procedure or method of educational activity that differs significantly from established practice and is used to increase the level of efficiency in a competitive environment. Educational innovations include pedagogical innovation, scientific and methodological innovation, educational and technological innovation. It is substantiated that the education market is one of the most important elements of the national innovation system. Higher education institutions that have chosen an innovation-based development, become competitive leaders on the education market. The formation of new forms of education and the use of perfect controlling mechanisms at each educational institution will give the opportunity to create single educational space, which is able to meet the needs of society in quality education with specific opportunities of customers in the educational market. The main components of the innovation development of higher education institutions are determined
Professional Preparation of the Teacher for the New Ukrainian Elementary School
Authors: Voitovych Anna
Published: April 2018

The article covers to the actual problems of vocational training of the future teacher of the primary school in the context of reforming the education system in Ukraine. Considerable attention is paid to the socio-cultural component in the pedagogical process of a higher educational institution, as well as the issues of standardization of education. The author emphasizes that dynamic social processes, the phenomenon of globalization, the need for formation of a civil society, fostering of national consciousness and identity determine the interest of the public in the described issues, first of all for teaching. The theoretical aspects of teacher training for creation of socio-cultural educational environment of the primary school, the realization of possibilities of socio-cultural mobility and others are substantiated. It is proved that socio-cultural mobility of a teacher, which is closely connected with the process of professionalization, implies active activity according to the adapting and accepting the values of a socio-cultural environment. It was emphasized on the need to prepare future specialists of primary education for the purposive socio-cultural upbringing of children
Regulation of Cell-to-Cell Communication and Cell Wall Integrity by a Network of MAP Kinase Pathways and Transcription Factors inNeurospora crassa
Authors: Fischer Monika S , Wu Vincent W , Lee Ji E , O’Malley Ronan C , Glass N Louise
Published: April 2018

Filamentous fungi depend on asexual cell-to-cell communication and cell fusion to establish and maintain an interconnected mycelial colony. In Neurospora crassa, genetically identical asexual spores undergo chemotropic interactions resulting in cell fusion and colony establishment...

Maintenance of cell integrity and cell-to-cell communication are fundamental biological processes. Filamentous fungi, such as Neurospora crassa, depend on communication to locate compatible cells, coordinate cell fusion, and establish a robust hyphal network. Two MAP kinase (MAPK) pathways are essential for communication and cell fusion in N. crassa: the cell wall integrity/MAK-1 pathway and the MAK-2 (signal response) pathway. Previous studies have demonstrated several points of cross-talk between the MAK-1 and MAK-2 pathways, which is likely necessary for coordinating chemotropic growth toward an extracellular signal, and then mediating cell fusion. Canonical MAPK pathways begin with signal reception and end with a transcriptional response. Two transcription factors, ADV-1 and PP-1, are essential for communication and cell fusion. PP-1 is the conserved target of MAK-2, but it is unclear what targets ADV-1. We did RNA sequencing on Δadv-1, Δpp-1, and wild-type cells and found that ADV-1 and PP-1 have a shared regulon including many genes required for communication, cell fusion, growth, development, and stress response. We identified ADV-1 and PP-1 binding sites across the genome by adapting the in vitro method of DNA-affinity purification sequencing for N. crassa. To elucidate the regulatory network, we misexpressed each transcription factor in each upstream MAPK deletion mutant. Misexpression of adv-1 was sufficient to fully suppress the phenotype of the Δpp-1 mutant and partially suppress the phenotype of the Δmak-1 mutant. Collectively, our data demonstrate that the MAK-1/ADV-1 and MAK-2/PP-1 pathways form a tight regulatory network that maintains cell integrity and mediates communication and cell fusion.
Movimentos sociais e políticas públicas de educação para as populações que habitam no meio rural
Authors: Santos Flávio Reis , Bezerra Neto Luiz
Published: April 2018

O objetivo deste artigo é apontar a luta desenvolvida pelos movimentos sociais em busca da implementação de políticas públicas para assegurar o direito de acesso e permanência à escola para as populações que vivem no meio rural brasileiro. Optamos por realizar uma pesquisa teórica, pois compreendemos que os documentos constituem fonte perene da qual podemos retirar as evidências para sustentar as nossas declarações e argumentações, visto que fornece as mais diversas informações sobre um contexto histórico determinado. Focalizamos as nossas investigações e análises em escritos de pesquisadores que se dedicaram ao estudo da temática educação do campo, à legislação nacional e aos relatórios resultantes dos fóruns nacionais sobre educação do campo. O êxito dos em defesa da educação do campo é evidente, contudo parcial, pois esbarra na forma do reconhecimento e implantação das políticas públicas por parte do Estado, evidenciada pela distância que mantém das reais reivindicações dos movimentos sociais.
Empregabilidade e inserção social dos jovens como desafios para a educação profissional e tecnológica
Authors: Oliveira Salvador Rodrigues de , Batista Sueli Soares dos Santos
Published: April 2018

Associada à pedagogia das competências, à submissão à teoria do capital humano, a educação passou a ser considerada a chave para a empregabilidade. O aumento quantitativo da oferta de educação profissional e tecnológica, neste sentido, tem sido objeto de discussão e reflexão constante, no sentido de estabelecer mecanismos de oferta e medidas de avaliação da formação profissional,  objetivando respostas satisfatórias nos quesitos de qualidade, tanto para comunidades inseridas no meio social, quanto para o setor produtivo. Neste estudo, a partir de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, analisa-se a aderência ou não da educação profissional e tecnológica a esse desiderato, considerando também os estudos que contextualizam e problematizam o conceito de empregabilidade atrelado ao de competência.
Sociologia de um educador – Paschoal Lemme e a educação de adultos
Authors: Xavier Cristiane Fernanda
Published: April 2018

Análise da figuração de Paschoal Lemme em sua interdependência com outras pessoas e grupos no processo de sua militância e produção intelectual em favor da educação de adultos. À luz das proposições eliasianas, o estudo sugere que para Lemme a criação de um sistema público de ensino democrático estava subordinada à mudança nas condições sociais da população. Por entender que a qualificação do trabalhador redundaria na melhoria da sua situação material e favoreceria a sua participação; na perspectiva de Lemme, a educação de adultos era tida como um dos componentes capaz de operar em prol das transformações sociais necessárias à democratização do ensino. Vinculado ao comunismo, trabalhou pela revolução burguesa face os limites das possibilidades impostas à revolução operária. Mas as tensões e conflitos envolvidos na validação das ideias sugerem que no decorrer do processo social, a identificação de Lemme com a ideologia marxista e sua proximidade com os comunistas concorreram para interditar a penetração das suas posições em circuitos sociais mais amplos.
Civilizar o campo: educação, saúde e iniciação profissional nos cursos de alfabetização da Professora Zilma Coelho Pinto, no Estado do Espírito Santo (1947-1963)
Authors: Costa Deane Monteiro Vieira
Published: April 2018

O presente estudo apresenta a história de vida da professora Zilma Coelho Pinto e do seu planejamento pedagógico em favor da alfabetização, assistência social e profissionalização, durante a primeira Campanha de Educação de Adolescentes e Adultos (CEAA), criada pelo Ministério da Educação e Saúde, no Brasil. Nos diversos textos da CEAA produzidos pelo Setor de Orientação Pedagógica do Serviço de Adultos do Ministério, destinados às Secretarias de Educação dos diversos Estados, aos professores, aos voluntários e também aos jovens e adultos alunos da Campanha, a educação foi apresentada, como a alavanca capaz de edificar uma nova sociedade, em tempos de redemocratização na década de 1940. E a alfabetização passou a ser identificada como um campo de ação da organização sanitária moderna por meio de um “ethos” de civilidade, agora na área de educação de jovens e adultos. Desse modo, foi possível encontrar uma noção bem particular de “civilização” tomada pela CEAA e pelas professoras voluntárias, no caso específico da professora Zilma, para atender aos pobres e analfabetos de seu município. Para isso, recorremos ao conceito de Processo Civilizador de Norbert Elias (1993, 1994, 1997) e aos estudos da história da educação brasileira que utilizam esse aporte teórico.
A construção do Eu nas narrativas de vida
Authors: Worcman Karen , Costa André Oliveira
Published: April 2018

Neste artigo pretendemos analisar a construção do Eu nas narrativas de vida a partir das perspectivas da sociologia de Norbert Elias e da psicanálise de Sigmund Freud. De início, faremos uma breve leitura da constituição do Eu, segundo N. Elias a partir de sua leitura de S. Freud para, em seguida, pontuar como o processo de produção de uma narrativa de vida pode significar, para um narrador, um exercício de construção do Eu. Nesta análise utilizaremos alguns conceitos oriundos da história oral para apresentar a narrativa de vida como um documento histórico e historicamente construído. Por fim, vamos analisar duas narrativas de vida que fazem parte do acervo do Museu da Pessoa para comparar de que forma indivíduos de contextos socioculturais muito diferentes constroem, em suas narrativas de vida, visões de si e da sociedade.
Natureza transindividual dos direitos difusos e coletivos e as suas implicações jurídicas quanto à titularidade e às formas de defesa dos interesses de seus titulares
Authors: Perozim da Silva Washington Eduardo
Published: April 2018

O presente artigo, tem por objetivo discorrer sobre a natureza transindividual dos direitos fundamentais difusos e coletivos e as suas implicações jurídicas quanto à titularidade e às formas de defesa desses interesses.  Para tanto, além de se estudar as definições doutrinárias, serão apresentados os principais fatos históricos que levaram a previsão dessa modalidade normativa nos ordenamentos dos países democráticos, em especial no Brasil, se analisará a “teoria das gerações” desenvolvida por Karel Vasak; se discorrerá sobre a dificuldade para a identificação do titular de tais direitos, bem como a importância da participação do Estado e dos órgãos de representação de classe na defesa de tais interesses.  Em seguida, serão apresentadas as principais ações realizadas pelo Estado, partidos políticos e entidades de classe para se garantir, não só a defesa, mas também a concretização desses direitos.Logicamente, o presente trabalho não almeja, nem poderia, trazer novas definições ou pontos de vista distintos daqueles já consolidados pela doutrina, mas, apenas, a de contribuir com as discussões existentes sobre o tema, já que em decorrência das grandes transformações sociais que despontam no horizonte, torna-se imprescindível desenvover novas ferramentas jurídicas para se resguardar a segurança dos cidadãos brasileiros.
A Teoria do fato jurídico de Pontes de Miranda em face do pragmatismo analítico de Wittgenstein
Authors: Santos Antonio Wilker Dos
Published: April 2018

RESUMO: A teoria do fato jurídico, inaugurada por Pontes de Miranda, possui bastante prestígio nos âmbitos do direito civil e processual civil, porém pouco se questiona sobre seus preceitos claramente construídos sob a concepção unívoca de linguagem adotada pelo neopositivismo ou sua relevância para a atualidade. O caráter dogmático da referida doutrina torna-se patente através da noção de incidência infalível da norma jurídica. Este estudo tem por objetivo apresentar argumentos, com supedâneo na filosofia analítico-pragmática do segundo Wittgenstein[1], que demonstrem o equívoco do representacionalismo linguístico neopositivista, assim como de uma visão dogmática do Direito. Com relação à metodologia, utilizou-se pesquisa explicativa, abordagem qualitativa, e coleta de dados bibliográfica. Ao final, aponta-se a impossibilidade de uma incidência determinista da norma jurídica que não considera os estudos mais recentes sobre a linguagem.[1] Termo tradicionalmente usado para referir-se à segunda fase da filosofia de Wittgenstein, enquanto a expressão “primeiro Wittgenstein” alude ao que foi escrito no Tractatus Logico-philosophicus (sua primeira obra publicada).
Avaliação de terceiros molares retidos: um estudo retrospectivo em João Pessoa–PB, Brasil
Authors: Dias-Ribeiro Anabelle , Freire Julliana Cariry Palhano , Braga Eduardo Cunha Carneiro , Sant’Ana Eduardo , Dias-Ribeiro Eduardo
Published: April 2018

Dentes retidos podem ocasionar patologias, onde os terceiros molares são os elementos mais prevalentes de inclusão. Complicações operatórias e um correto plano de tratamento são possíveis através do estudo da posição desses dentes em radiografias, sendo as classificações de Pell e Gregory e Winter as mais utilizadas. O presente estudo objetivou analisar a prevalência de terceiros molares inclusos retidos em radiografias ortopantomográficas em uma clínica de radiologia, João Pessoa-PB, Brasil. Foram analisadas 249 radiografias com total de 996 regiões. Terceiros molares inferiores e sexo feminino foram mais prevalentes. Para os dentes superiores, segundo Winter, a posição vertical foi a mais prevalente e a mésio-angular nos inferiores. Nesses de acordo com Pell e Gregory, a posição prevalente foi a classe II-A. Em procedimentos cirúrgicos o profissional estando com um diagnóstico preciso através dessas duas classificações (Winter; Pell e Gregory) poderá desenvolver um transoperatório e um prognóstico favorável ao paciente.