bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Os avantesmas do caos: o duplo saramaguiano e a representação da crise no sujeito pós-moderno português
Authors: Papke Isabela Padilha
Published: September 2022

O presente trabalho objetiva analisar a obra, O Homem Duplicado (2002), de José Saramago, por meio de uma perspectiva sociológica da literatura. Pretende-se refletir o como a obra, por meio do fenômeno do duplo, instaurado no cotidiano do personagem protagonista, esboça uma alegoria da crise de identidade do sujeito português, no mundo pós-moderno e no sistema capitalista. A fim de compreender-se as noções das identidades dos sujeitos e fragmentações dessas, em contextos modernos e pós-modernos, pautamo-nos em teorias como as de Hall (2006). Foram utilizadas, também, teorias como as de Harvey (2006) e Han (2015) a fim de se estabelecer um panorama político, histórico e econômico desses contextos. Por fim, debruçamo-nos nas teorias propostas por Souza Santos (1994) a fim de compreendermos o como o contexto pós-moderno português interfere na produção, temática e enredo, da obra selecionada, evidenciando o como fato de o país em que a obra fora produzida, possuir relações complexas com a pós-modernidade, delineia possibilidades interpretativas elucidativas e frutíferas das questões abordadas em sua constituição, bem como as relações de Saramago para com a escrita e a Literatura, de modo a escancarar as relações intrínsecas da literatura com contexto sócio-histórico a qual se insere
Saramago e a transmissão de experiências em "A caverna": uma leitura benjaminiana
Authors: Costa Letícia , Gagliardi Caio
Published: September 2022

O ensaio propõe uma análise de A caverna (2000), de José Saramago, a partir de um procedimento recorrente na ficção romanesca do autor, que consiste na formação de pequenos grupos de personagens com valores particulares e opostos ao status quo. No romance que analisamos, acompanhamos a história de uma família cujo trabalho sofre os ataques do mercado neoliberal, representado pelo complexo do Centro comercial, e que resiste ao esfacelamento de seu modo de vida através da perpetuação de valores comunitários. A leitura se realiza à luz das condições propostas pelo filósofo Walter Benjamin para a transmissão de experiências (Erfahrung) e enfatiza a sapiência essencial para a sobrevivência da comunidade em um contexto cada vez mais desumanizado.
"A caverna", de José Saramago: o sonho de Cipriano
Authors: Bautz Diego Kauê
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho tem a intenção de analisar o romance A Caverna (2000), de José Saramago, para refletir sobre o modo como os personagens trabalhadores são objetificados pelo Centro, uma espécie de shopping de proporções monstruosas que controla todo o espaço narrativo. Para isso, o estudo recupera diversos momentos do romance, mas se detém, principalmente, em uma das cenas em que o oleiro Cipriano, protagonista da obra, sonha com um forno novo que o adaptaria às demandas do Centro. Desta forma, com base nos estudos de Jung (2000), percebeu-se o sonho de Cipriano como o ápice da crise do personagem, pois expressa, primeiramente, a frustração de Cipriano com a perda de sua força de trabalho e, em seguida, o reconhecimento da sua condição de trabalhador descartável; o que o condiciona, posteriormente, a romper com o modo de vida imposto pelo Centro, cujos valores se orientam pelos ideais de eficiência e produtividade.
Risk of Macrovascular and Microvascular Disease in Diabetes Diagnosed Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test With and Without Confirmation by Hemoglobin A1c: The Whitehall II Cohort Study
Authors: Tabák Adam G. , Brunner Eric J. , Lindbohm Joni V. , Singh-Manoux Archana , Shipley Martin J. , Sattar Naveed , Kivimäki Mika
Published: September 2022

Background:

It is unclear whether replacing oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) measurement for diagnosing diabetes is justified. We aimed to assess the proportion of OGTT-diagnosed diabetes cases that can be confirmed by HbA1c and to examine whether individuals with OGTT diagnosis but nondiagnostic HbA1c are at higher risk of macrovascular and microvascular disease.

Methods:

Participants were 5773 men and women from the population-based Whitehall II prospective cohort study in the United Kingdom. New OGTT diabetes cases diagnosed in clinical examinations in 2002 to 2004 and 2007 to 2009 were assessed for HbA1c confirmation (≥6.5%) in these and subsequent clinical examinations in 2012 to 2013 and 2015 to 2016. All participants were followed up for major cardiovascular events through linkage to electronic health records until 2017 and for incident chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL·min
−1
·1.73 m
−2
) until the last clinical examination. In analysis of vascular disease risk, new OGTT-diagnosed diabetes cases with and without diagnostic HbA1c and preexisting diabetes cases were compared with diabetes-free participants.

Results:

Of the 378 (59.3%) participants with OGTT-diagnosed diabetes, 224 were confirmed by HbA1c during 4.1 years (SD, 4.1 years) of follow-up. We recorded 942 cardiovascular events over 12.1 years. After adjustment for nonmodifiable risk factors and compared with the 4997 diabetes-free participants, 371 participants with new HbA1c-confirmed diabetes and 405 participants with preexisting diabetes had increased risk of cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio, 1.53 [95% CI, 1.12–2.10] and 1.85 [95% CI, 1.50–2.28], respectively). The corresponding hazard ratios in the analysis of incident chronic kidney disease (487 cases; follow-up, 6.6 years) were 1.69 (95% CI, 1.09–2.62) for 282 participants with new HbA1c-confirmed diabetes and 1.67 (95% CI, 1.22–2.28) for 276 participants with preexisting diabetes. In both analyses, OGTT cases with nondiagnostic HbA1c (n=149 and 107) had a risk (hazard ratio, 0.99–1.07) similar to that of the diabetes-free population.

Conclusions:

More than 40% of OGTT-diagnosed diabetes cases were not confirmed by HbA1c during an extended follow-up. However, because these individuals have a risk of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease similar to that of the diabetes-free population, replacement of OGTT with HbA1c-based diagnosis appears justified.
Stent‐Assisted Coiling Versus Balloon‐Assisted Coiling for the Treatment of Ruptured Wide‐Necked Aneurysms: A 2‐Center Experience
Authors: Vivanco‐Suarez Juan , Wallace Adam N. , Dandapat Sudeepta , Lopez Gloria V. , Mendez‐Ruiz Aldo , Kayan Yasha , Copelan Alexander Z. , Dajles Andres , Zevallos Cynthia B. , Quispe‐Orozco Darko , Mendez‐Ruiz Alan , Galecio‐Castillo Milagros , Samaniego Edgar A. , Farooqui Mudassir , Delgado Josser E. , Ortega‐Gutierrez Santiago
Published: September 2022

Background

Balloon‐assisted coiling (BAC) and stent‐assisted coiling (SAC) have been established as feasible approaches to manage ruptured wide‐necked intracranial aneurysms. Antiplatelet medications used with SAC theoretically increase risk of thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications. This study aims to evaluate safety and efficacy of SAC versus BAC for acutely ruptured wide‐necked intracranial aneurysms.

Methods

We performed a 2‐center retrospective observational study of consecutive patients treated with SAC or BAC for ruptured wide‐necked intracranial aneurysms from 2015 to 2020. Baseline demographics, comorbidities, and aneurysm characteristics were collected. Primary and secondary efficacy outcomes were radiographic aneurysm occlusion at follow‐up and functional status at 3 months. Safety outcomes included periprocedural hemorrhagic/ischemic complications and symptomatic ventriculostomy tract and cerebrospinal shunt hemorrhage rates. Univariable and multivariable analyses with multiple imputations to account for follow‐up loss were performed.

Results

A total of 112 and 109 patients underwent SAC and BAC, respectively. Median cohort age was 56 years, and 72% were female. Baseline characteristics were similar. Hydrocephalus rate was higher in the SAC group (78% versus 64%;
P
=0.02). Median aneurysm size was 5.1 mm. Anterior circulation aneurysms were most common (81%). Aneurysm and neck size were different, more aneurysms measuring <7 mm (80% versus 67%;
P
=0.02) and larger neck size aneurysms (3.7 versus 3.2 mm;
P
=0.02) were treated with SAC. At first follow‐up, SAC showed higher rates of complete occlusion (61% versus 45%;
P
=0.02) before and after adjusting for confounders. Functional outcome was not different in the multivariable models after adjustment. Coil herniation was higher in the BAC group (8% versus 2%;
P
=0.03). Thromboembolic, hemorrhagic, and ventriculostomy complications were not different. The use of acute antithrombotic therapy was not associated with symptomatic ventriculostomy tract hemorrhage.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that SAC may be as safe as BAC for the acute management of ruptured wide‐necked intracranial aneurysms without significant risk of ischemic and hemorrhagic complications.
Rogue Waves in the Southern North Sea—The Role of Modulational Instability
Authors: Teutsch Ina , Weisse Ralf
Published: September 2022

The role of the modulational instability for rogue wave generation in the ocean is still under debate. We investigated a continuous dataset, consisting of buoy and radar wave elevation data of different frequency resolutions, from eight measurement stations in the southern North Sea. For periods with rogue waves, we evaluated the presence of conditions for the modulational instability to work, that is, a narrow-banded wave spectrum in both frequency and angular direction. We found rogue waves that exceed twice the significant wave height indeed occur at slightly lower frequency bandwidths than usual. For rogue waves that are defined only by high crests, this was, however, not the case. The results were dependent on the measurement frequency. The directional spreading of the buoy spectra yielded no information on the presence of a rogue wave. In general, all spectra estimated from the dataset were found to be broad in frequency and angular direction, while the Benjamin–Feir index yielded no indication on a high nonlinearity of the sea states. These are unfavorable conditions for the evolution of a rogue wave through modulational instability. We conclude that the modulational instability did not play a substantial role in the formation of the rogue waves identified in our dataset from the southern North Sea.

Significance Statement

This work investigates whether rogue waves measured in the southern North Sea may have been generated by a modulational instability. The latter is a nonlinear mechanism of wave energy focusing that has been proven mathematically and confirmed in laboratory experiments. However, it is still unclear whether this mechanism is responsible for rogue wave generation under realistic ocean conditions. The modulational instability primarily arises when waves have similar frequencies and directions. In our data, these conditions were not satisfied. This finding leads to the insight that the modulational instability is not the most probable mechanism to generate rogue waves in our dataset.
A Roadmap for the Human Oral and Craniofacial Cell Atlas
Authors: Caetano A.J. ,   Human Cell Atlas Oral and Craniofacial Bionetwork, Sequeira I. , Byrd K.M. , Caetano A. , Sharpe P. , Volponi A.A. , Yianni V. , Bush M. , McKay L.K. , Wallet S. , Shazib M.A. , Kimple A. , Byrd K.M. , Easter Q. , Weaver T. , Sequeira I. , Kumar R. , Pereira D. , Macken J. , Fortune F. , Efremova M. , Teichmann S. , Kretzschmar K. , Todres E. , Boffelli D. , Hagood James S. , Klein O. , Boucher R. , Lwin S. , Pranzatelli T. , Beachy P. , Lu W.J. , Miller Zmora I. , Moutsopoulos N. , Williams D.W. , Pringle S. , Krivanek J. , Warner B.M. , Perez P. , Opasawatchai A. , Matuck B. , Freire M. , Tata P.R. , Conde C.D. , Haniffa M. , Pisco A.O. , Momen-Heravi F. , Kapila Y. , Gulati A.
Published: September 2022

Oral and craniofacial tissues are uniquely adapted for continuous and intricate functioning, including breathing, feeding, and communication. To achieve these vital processes, this complex is supported by incredible tissue diversity, variously composed of epithelia, vessels, cartilage, bone, teeth, ligaments, and muscles, as well as mesenchymal, adipose, and peripheral nervous tissue. Recent single cell and spatial multiomics assays—specifically, genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics—have annotated known and new cell types and cell states in human tissues and animal models, but these concepts remain limitedly explored in the human postnatal oral and craniofacial complex. Here, we highlight the collaborative and coordinated efforts of the newly established Oral and Craniofacial Bionetwork as part of the Human Cell Atlas, which aims to leverage single cell and spatial multiomics approaches to first understand the cellular and molecular makeup of human oral and craniofacial tissues in health and to then address common and rare diseases. These powerful assays have already revealed the cell types that support oral tissues, and they will unravel cell types and molecular networks utilized across development, maintenance, and aging as well as those affected in diseases of the craniofacial complex. This level of integration and cell annotation with partner laboratories across the globe will be critical for understanding how multiple variables, such as age, sex, race, and ancestry, influence these oral and craniofacial niches. Here, we 1) highlight these recent collaborative efforts to employ new single cell and spatial approaches to resolve our collective biology at a higher resolution in health and disease, 2) discuss the vision behind the Oral and Craniofacial Bionetwork, 3) outline the stakeholders who contribute to and will benefit from this network, and 4) outline directions for creating the first Human Oral and Craniofacial Cell Atlas.
Finite element modeling and experimental investigation between the novel drafting and double-apron drafting systems
Authors: Quan Jing , He Qing , Cheng Longdi , Yu Jianyong , Xue Wenliang
Published: September 2022

The ring spinning frame featuring the double-apron drafting device is the most widely used method due to its various advantages. The finite element method and experiments were conducted to study the double-apron drafting unit and the novel drafting system. The novel drafting system is characterized by a curved drafting zone and curtate floating zone due to the elimination of the double-apron drafting unit’s double rubber aprons and the innovation of the pins. The finite element results of the double-apron drafting unit and novel drafting system demonstrate that the external friction field in the drafting zone of the double-apron drafting unit is composed of straight-line segments from the pin nip to the middle roller nip. In contrast, the force in the novel drafting system is akin to undulations and exhibits stronger and smoother distribution. In experiments, the double-apron drafting unit and novel drafting system were installed on the ring spinning and compact spinning frames, namely the double-apron drafting unit-ring spinning, double-apron drafting unit-compact spinning, novel drafting system-ring spinning and novel drafting system-compact spinning, to study the slippage rates and yarn properties. It can be seen that the slippage rates of rubber aprons in the double-apron drafting unit-ring spinning vary from 5.84% to 6.89%, while the slippage rates of the lattice apron in the novel drafting system-ring spinning range from 0.39% to 0.66%. In addition, the yarn properties produced by the novel drafting system-ring spinning and novel drafting system-compact spinning, including yarn evenness, imperfections and strength, outstrip those produced by the double-apron drafting unit-ring spinning and double-apron drafting unit-compact spinning.
Drugs Released for Clinical Use
Authors: de HAEN PAUL
Published: September 2022

This listing includes new single chemical entities and preparations, duplicate single products, and combination products that have become available for clinical use during the period from August 21 to October 20, 1968. The information is taken from the manufacturer's package insert or brochure, which should be consulted for further details on indications, dosage, contraindications, and adverse reactions.
University Board Connectivity, Finances, and Research Production, 1985–2015
Authors: Taylor Barrett J. , Barringer Sondra N. , Slaughter Sheila
Published: September 2022

Background/context:

A growing body of evidence indicates that trustees link the boards of research universities to organizations in other fields. It is less clear whether these board characteristics indicate distinct university contexts with which particular activities would be associated.

Research questions:

We ask three questions. The first two are descriptive and focus attention on the changing characteristics of university boards: How do boards tie universities to other sectors of society? How has the composition of these ties changed over time? The third is inferential and attends to possible relationships between board characteristics and university activities over time: Are there relationships between board ties to external organizations and university activities?

Research design:

We answered our first two questions using descriptive analyses. We answered the third question using regression analyses, inclusive of fixed board-level effects, which estimated the within-unit association among board characteristics, control characteristics, and the dependent variables associated with activities of interest.

Data collection and analysis:

Our sample consisted of the 54 boards that oversaw members of the Association of American Universities. Data were compiled in 10-year increments between 1985 and 2015. Historical data on university boards were created using Standard and Poor’s Register of Corporations, Directors, and Executives and the Capital IQ Personal Intelligence database, both of which provided time-verified data about the affiliations of individual trustees at a given moment in time (e.g., 1985, 1995). We merged these data with information on university characteristics drawn from existing secondary data sources.

Findings:

Consistent with other analyses, sampled boards were increasingly connected to organizations in other fields over time. Connections grew especially rapidly between 1995 and 2015, with particularly notable growth in ties to the finance industry. In inferential analyses, the total number of ties to external organizations was associated with increases in total publications and with the share of publications in the biological sciences. Board characteristics were not associated with variation in other variables (e.g., endowment growth).

Conclusions/recommendations:

Our findings suggest that board characteristics are more likely to be associated with some university activities than others. It is less clear why this is the case. Our paper therefore lays important groundwork for future research on the ways in which individual trustees may directly coordinate, indirectly facilitate, or be selected because of their ties to particular external organizations.
Formal and Informal Infrastructures of Collaboration in the Human Brain Project
Authors: Aicardi Christine , Mahfoud Tara
Published: September 2022

This article draws on long-term engagement with the Human Brain Project (HBP), one of the Future and Emerging Technology Flagship Initiatives funded by the European Commission to address EU “grand challenges” of understanding the human brain and applying these insights to brain-inspired technology development. Based on participant observation and interviews with researchers and project administrators, our findings suggest that the formal infrastructure built to facilitate and structure collaboration within large-scale interdisciplinary research projects can be in tension with the ways researchers collaborate. While much of the literature on infrastructure focuses on top-down, formal infrastructural design, we also pay attention to the informal, bottom-up infrastructural assemblage involved in large-scale interdisciplinary collaborations. This brings into question how scientists and science funders navigate the tensions and interactions between formal and informal infrastructure, rendering certain kinds of collaboration and knowledge (in)visible.
Time of Day of Vaccination Does Not Associate With SARS–CoV–2 Antibody Titer Following First Dose of mRNA COVID–19 Vaccine
Authors: Yamanaka Yujiro , Yokota Isao , Yasumoto Atsushi , Morishita Eriko , Horiuchi Hisanori
Published: September 2022

The immune system exhibits circadian rhythms, and its response to viral infection is influenced by the circadian clock system. Previous studies have reported associations between the time of day of vaccination against COVID-19 and production of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer. We examined the effect of vaccination time of day on anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer after the first dose of vaccination with the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) COVID-19 vaccine in an adult population. A total of 332 Japanese adults participated in the present study. All participants were not infected with SARS-CoV-2 and had already received the first dose of mRNA-1273 2 to 4 weeks prior to participating in the study. The participants were asked to provide basic demographic characteristics (age, sex, medical history, allergy, medication, and mean sleep duration), the number of days after the first dose of vaccination, and the time of day of vaccination. Blood was collected from the participants, and SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers were measured. Ordinary least square regression was used for assessing the relationship between basic demographic characteristics, number of days after vaccination, time of day of vaccination, and the log10-transformed normalized antibody titer. The least square mean of antibody titers was not associated with the vaccination time and sleep durations. The least square means of antibody titers was associated with age; the antibody titers decreased in people aged 50 to 59 years and 60 to 64 years. The present findings demonstrate that the vaccination time with mRNA-1273 was not associated with the SARS-CoV-2 antibody titer in an adult population, suggesting that these results do not support restricting vaccination to a particular time of day. The present findings may be useful in optimizing SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies.
The Effect of Bright White Light on Fatigue Levels in Patients with Gynecological Cancer: A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Özerdoğan Nebahat , Özkaraman Ayşe , Tuncer Yılmaz Burcu , Öge Tufan , Yalçın Ömer Tarık
Published: September 2022

Objectives: Bright white light (BWL) therapy is one of the non-pharmacological methods in the management of fatigue. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of BWL on fatigue levels in patients with gynecological cancer who were receiving chemotherapy. Methods: This randomized controlled study were made with 72 women (intervention (n:36) and control (n:36) groups) at gynecologic oncology clinic. Standard BWL at the intensity of 10,000lux was applied to the patients in the intervention group at the same time every day between the second and the eighth days of the chemotherapy cycle. Fatigue levels of all patients (n: 72) were evaluated on the first,ninth and 21st days. Results: The first, ninth, and 21st days general fatigue scores of intervention and control groups was 4.876 ± 0.000;4.384 ± 0.270;4.387 ± 0.258 and 4.876 ± 0.000;5.033 ± 0.270;4.984 ± 0.258, respectively ( p = 0.100). Interference of fatigue with daily life scores was found statistically different between the intervention and control groups in the first, ninth, and 21st day, respectively 4.55 ± 0.26; 3.53 ± 0.23; 3.57 ± 0.22 and 4.95 ± 0.26;4.79 ± 0.23;4.82 ± 0.22 ( p = 0.029). Conclusions: BWL therapy was effective in reducing interference of fatigue with daily life in patients receiving chemotherapy, but did not affect the general fatigue level of the patients. Based on the available data, it is possible that the application of BWL may have a positive effect on general fatigue when the number of samples and the application time are increased. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05009693.
Dose–Response Relationship Between Protective Family Informal Social Control and Chronic Child Neglect: Does Household Size Matter?
Authors: Abdullah Alhassan , Emery Clifton R.
Published: September 2022

Larger households, involving more children, are theorized as potential risk factors for child maltreatment—resource dilution theory. But qualitative evidence shows that in collective societies, like Ghana, more adult family members may act against neglect, through protective informal social control, which helps to reduce the frequency of neglect. Family members intervention in neglect situations will be more consistent and sustained due to the sanctioned collective responsibility to care for children in the community. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis that having more adult family members in the household, who have the will and agency to intervene, will predict less chronic neglect. A three-stage probability proportional to size cluster sample of Ghana was collected from 1,100 primary caregiving mothers. One mother was interviewed in each household, and responses were limited to one focal child. When sample was restricted to those with chronic neglect (neglect > 1), 596 mothers remained in the data. The children have experienced 11 times neglect in the past year, and lived in households with average size of 6 members. Chronic neglect was measured using the Conflict Tactics Scale. Dose–response protective informal social control by family members was measured using the newly developed context-based scale for measuring protective informal social control of child neglect (ISC_CM2). Results from the random effects regressions models showed a negative relationship between dose–response protective informal social control and chronic neglect, and the interaction with household size was negative and significant. Ghanaian families should be sensitized to take advantage of the communal living practices, extended family systems and compound housing structures, as traditional mechanisms to promote collectivity and interventions in observed acts of neglect to protect children. The evidence contradicts the resource dilution theory’s conceptualization of large household as risks factors of neglect.
Boundary control of multiple-sectioned flexible marine riser with time-varying output constraint
Authors: Yao Xiangqian , Zhao Wei , Liu Yu
Published: September 2022

This article addresses the problem for vibration suppression of a multiple-sectioned marine riser system subject to time-varying external disturbances and asymmetric output constraint. Under the assumption that continuity constraint, multiple-sectioned marine riser’s dynamics are described by some continuously connected partial differential equations (PDEs) coupled with an ordinary differential equation (ODE). We only employ boundary control mechanism that suppresses system’s vibration displacements and compensate the influence of external disturbances. A novel and improved disturbance observer is proposed to estimate unknown boundary disturbance and two different barrier Lyapunov functions are constructed to prevent the time-varying constraint violation. Based on the backstepping technology and Lyapunov-based control, a boundary controller is presented to accomplish the control objectives. Moreover, the uniform boundedness and stability of the closed-loop system are rigorously guaranteed. Finally, simulation results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the designed control scheme.
Preoperative Absolute Lymphocyte Count to Carcinoembryonic Antigen Ratio Is a Superior Predictor of Survival in Stage I to III Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Zhou Yue , Cheng Fei , Zhang Zihao , Xiang Jia , Xue Tianhui , Ye Qianwen , Yan Bing
Published: September 2022

Background:

Preoperative absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) are useful prognostic indicators in colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the role of the ALC-to-CEA ratio (LCR) has been less addressed.

Methods:

A total of 189 stage I to III CRC patients who underwent radical resection were enrolled retrospectively. The significance of the LCR in predicting disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was calculated and compared with other markers based on ALC. The DFS and OS differences among the low- and high-LCR subgroups and risk factors for the outcome were estimated by Kaplan–Meier analysis and the Cox proportional hazards model, respectively.

Results:

Taking 0.28 as the cutoff point, the LCR has a sensitivity and a specificity of 75.60% and 77.00%, respectively, in predicting OS. The prognostic efficacy of LCR was significantly superior to that of other markers based on ALC for predicting DFS and OS. A total of 34.92% (66/189) of patients displayed a low LCR (<0.28), and these patients were more likely to present poor cell differentiation ( P = .03), tumor deposits ( P < .01) and advanced T ( P < .01) and liver metastasis ( P = .02). Patients with a low LCR had significantly worse DFS (Log Rank = 34.98, P < .01) and OS (Log Rank = 43.17, P < .01) than those with a high LCR. The LCR was an independent prognostic factor for both DFS (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.35, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.20-0.62, P < .01) and OS (HR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.08-0.37, P < .01).

Conclusions:

The LCR is a superior predictor of survival in stage I to III CRC, and patients with a low LCR have an inferior outcome; however, additional studies are required to validate its prognostic role.
How do hotels expand into new markets? The relationship between hotel agglomeration and entry mode
Authors: Woo Linda , Mun Sung Gyun , Seo Kwanglim
Published: September 2022

When a hotel decides to open in a new location, it must select a specific entry mode that determines its degree of control and ownership. This study combines agglomeration theory with information economics to explain how hotel agglomerations influence the entry modes of new hotels. In particular, we argue that when facing different levels of information asymmetry derived from hotel agglomerations, new hotels should reduce the risk of adverse selection in choosing their entry modes. Using a sample of new hotels in China, this study shows that in areas of co-located higher-quality hotels, new hotels choose shared-control modes (franchise or management contracts) over full-control modes. Evidence from a sample of foreign hotels also indicates that in areas of co-located same-country-of-origin hotels, new hotels are encouraged to choose shared-control modes (franchise or management contracts) over full-control modes.
‘Instruments are good at eliciting information; scores are very dangerous’: The perspectives of clinical professionals regarding neurodevelopmental assessment
Authors: Coughlan Barry , Woolgar Matt , Weisblatt Emma JL , Duschinsky Robbie
Published: September 2022

Clinical judgement is a crucial part of autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessments. This study aims to harness insights from psychology and sociology to explore clinical perspectives and assessment practices of autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Qualitative interviews were conducted with health care professionals (n = 17). Interviews were conducted between January and May 2019. Data were analysed using a thematic approach. Themes were sorted into two interrelated categories (1) approaches to diagnosis (2) elements of diagnosis. Approaches to diagnosis were comprised of the following subthemes: nature of diagnosis, application of diagnosis: natural and pragmatic, revisiting conceptualisations: sub-optimal practice & unhelpful diagnoses, autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Elements of diagnosis contained three related subthemes: contextualising standardised assessments, triangulating material, organisational factors. There is sometimes a pragmatic as well as nosological dimension to diagnosis. Competing desires for consistency and utility add further complexity to neurodevelopmental assessment.

Lay abstract

Autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder are common behaviourally diagnosed conditions. One of the key aspects of diagnosis is clinical judgement. Yet despite decades of research, it is only in recent times that researchers have started exploring clinicians’ perspectives on diagnosing these conditions. We aimed to add to this body of knowledge by conducting interviews with 17 experienced health care professionals in the United Kingdom to hear their perspectives on diagnosing autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Clinicians reflected that for some children and young people, diagnosis is reasonably straightforward; however, in other situations, decisions are made on more pragmatic grounds (i.e. will this be helpful). We identified some differences of opinion between professionals and organisation which adds to the complexity of applying a diagnosis. We recommend several areas for future research and point to some practical and philosophical implications of the work.
Differentiation through flexibility in implementation: Strategic and substantive uses of discretion in EU directives
Authors: Zbiral Robert , Princen Sebastiaan , Smekal Hubert
Published: September 2022

This article analyses the extent to which European Union (EU) directives allow for variation in domestic implementation. Such flexibility in implementation may be used to deal with heterogeneity among member states. Based on an original dataset of 164 directives adopted between 2006 and 2015, we find that the use of flexibility is associated more with efforts to accommodate differences between national policies (substantive use of discretion) than with attempts to facilitate the decision-making process in and between EU legislative institutions (strategic use of discretion). Although flexibility may be used to address some of the same concerns that drive differentiated integration (DI), the situations in which each is most likely to be used are distinct because they approach the divergences between member states differently.
Epistemic injustice and dissidence: A bibliometric analysis of the literature on Participatory Action Research hosted on the Web of Science
Authors: Delgado-Baena Antonio , Serrano Laura , Vela-Jiménez Rocío , López-Montero Rocío , Sianes Antonio
Published: September 2022

For decades, Participatory Action Research (PAR) has been extended as a scientific praxis applied in different contexts, characterised by the involvement of participating groups and oriented towards social transformation. However, there is a certain dialectical tension between those approaches that emphasise the method versus those that emphasise the pursuit of social change from a decolonial perspective. This article questions how this praxis is reflected in scientific transfer, analysing not only the development and scope of scientific production in PAR, but also how the academy may reproduce relations inherent to coloniality in this transfer. To this end, the production on PAR hosted on the Web of Science (WoS) is collected, and a bibliometric analysis is performed by applying descriptive and relational techniques using VosViewer software. The study concludes that scientific production has not stopped growing and that the areas of knowledge where it is applied have diversified. However, it also points out how the knowledge production model reproduces the power relations of coloniality, affecting PAR’s transfer. This analysis can contribute to the debate on a scientific approach oriented to improve processes of social transformation.
Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty for Carotid Artery In-Stent Restenosis: Case Series
Authors: Eljack Ammar , Shih Emily , Meidan Talia , Lanfear Allison , Taha Mohamed , Sayfo Sameh , Gable Dennis , Potluri Srinivasa
Published: September 2022

Objectives:

Few case reports have demonstrated promising results of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) as an emerging management for carotid artery in-stent restenosis (CAISR). Herein, we report 6 cases of CAISR which were treated with a DCB with or without new stent deployment.

Background:

Carotid artery in-stent restenosis is a high-risk condition with an estimated incidence rate that varies widely from 6% to 40%. Several strategies are available now for the management of the CAISR including conventional balloon angioplasty, plaque modification balloon angioplasty, and new stent placement.

Methods:

A retrospective review of consecutive patients with a diagnosis of severe CAISR at Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano from 2011 to 2021 was performed. This study was approved by the Baylor Scott & White Research Institute institutional review board.

Results:

Six patients underwent DCB angioplasty with or without stent placement under an embolic protection device. Resolution of CAISR was achieved in all cases with 0% to 10% residual stenosis in all cases. Following the procedure, 1 patient had a brief episode of syncope with balloon inflation with immediate recovery on deflation of the balloon. There were otherwise no significant neurological or cardiac events prior to discharge. All patients were asymptomatic at their follow-up visit with no neurological or cardiac events reported at 12, 24, and 36 months following the procedure.

Conclusion:

While CAISR treatment remains a challenging condition, our study shows that the use of DCB with or without stent placement is a feasible and promising treatment option when compared with other conventional treatment options.

Clinical Impact

Carotid artery in-stent restenosis treatment remains a challenging condition. Our study shows that the use of drug coated balloon with or without stent placement is a feasible and promising treatment option when compared with current conventional treatment options.
Applying Mixed Methods Research to Conduct Human Resource Development Inquiry: An Update
Authors: Hitchcock John H.
Published: September 2022

Scholars of human resource development (HRD) and related fields should stay abreast of mixed methods research developments to advance their scholarship. In support this idea, two companion works published in Human Resource Development Review (Hitchcock & Newman, 2013; Newman & Hitchcock, 2011) were offered to help HRD scholars embrace the concept of mixed methods research. It is now approaching 10 years since the second of these two articles was published and, since then, there have been important mixed methods research updates that can facilitate HRD inquiry. This article therefore contributes to Human Resource Development Review’s Instructor’s Corner by reviewing: (a) updates in paradigmatic thinking that support the use of mixed methods, (b) new approaches to integration, and (c) legitimation approaches that offer a validity framework for understanding mixed methods design quality. These three descriptions include discussion around how they might be applied in HRD research.
Acupuncture and Reflexology for Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Cohort Study
Authors: Grant Suzanne J. , Spiegel Gretel , Brand Amanda , Kwon Ki Kyung , Heller Gillian , Choi Victoria , Wong Emma K. , Randle Lindley , Lacey Judith
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

Around three quarters of individuals undergoing chemotherapy self-report multiple symptoms. There is clinical trial evidence of effectiveness for acupuncture for commonly experienced symptoms, and emerging evidence for reflexology, but little is known about the effects of these therapies on multiple symptoms when implemented in a real world setting during active chemotherapy treatment.

Methods:

This was a cohort study of participants receiving reflexology and/or acupuncture while attending chemotherapy. Participants received a 20 minute reflexology treatment or a 20 minute acupuncture treatment or a combination of both. Patient reported outcome measures were administered before and after the treatment using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS).

Results:

During the study period, 330 unique patients received a total of 809 acupuncture and/or reflexology treatments. Participants had, on average, 5.3 symptoms each which they reported as moderate to severe (≥4/10) using the ESAS at baseline. Following treatment, participants reported 3.2 symptoms as moderate to severe. The symptom change for all participant encounters receiving any therapy was statistically significant for all symptoms, and clinically significant (a reduction of more than 1) for all symptoms except financial distress, appetite, and memory. Clinically significant levels of global distress (<3) were reduced in 72% of all participants receiving either therapy. No adverse events were recorded.

Conclusions:

The results indicate that acupuncture and reflexology administered alongside chemotherapy may reduce patient reported symptom burden and patient global symptom related distress. Future research would include an active control group, and consider confounding factors such as chemotherapy stage and medication.
Understanding Human Decision Processes: Inferring Decision Strategies From Behavioral Data
Authors: Walsh Sarah E. , Feigh Karen M.
Published: September 2022

This work investigates a method to infer and classify decision strategies from human behavior, with the goal of improving human-agent team performance by providing AI-based decision support systems with knowledge about their human teammate. First, an experiment was designed to mimic a realistic emergency preparedness scenario in which the test participants were tasked with allocating resources into 1 of 100 possible locations based on a variety of dynamic visual heat maps. Simple participant behavioral data, such as the frequency and duration of information access, were recorded in real time for each participant. The data were examined using a partial least squares regression to identify the participants’ likely decision strategy, that is, which heat maps they relied upon the most. The behavioral data were then used to train a random forest classifier, which was shown to be highly accurate in classifying the decision strategy of new participants. This approach presents an opportunity to give AI systems the ability to accurately model the human decision-making process in real time, enabling the creation of proactive decision support systems and improving overall human-agent teaming.
Contract Cheating and Ghostwriting among University Students in Health Specialties
Authors: Hamza Muaawia A. , Al Assadi Faisal R. , Khojah Abdulaziz A. , AlHanaki Renad M. , Alotaibi Nour T. , Kheimi Rawan M. , Salem Abdullah H. , Marar Sumayyia D.
Published: September 2022

Contract cheating and ghostwriting are forms of misconduct that are unethical and a serious academic issue, especially among healthcare professionals, as they directly impact patient health. To date, research on this area in the Middle East has been limited. Therefore, we used a validated self-administered questionnaire to investigate the awareness, perceptions, and reasons for these behaviors among 682 students in health specialties at five universities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The majority of the students (60.1%) were unaware of the terms “contract cheating” and “ghostwriting,” and 69.5% had not received any prior training on integrity. However, having prior training had a positive effect on awareness levels, and respondents attending private universities were significantly more aware than those attending public universities. The factors that contributed to contract cheating behavior included poor time management, English language difficulties, and a lack of writing skills. These findings emphasize the need for integrity training at the national level to raise awareness.
The Overall Health of Men Who Do Fly-in Fly-Out Work in the Mining Sector
Authors: Labra Oscar , Brouillette Christelle , Gingras-Lacroix Gabriel , Cousineau Tommy , Quirion Jennifer
Published: September 2022

Fly-in fly-out (FIFO) continues to be a fact of life for many men working in the mining industry. The goal of this article is to gain a better understanding of the impacts of FIFO on the overall health of men working in the mining sector and the relationship these men have to seeking help. A qualitative study of 22 men was conducted using a semi-structured interview guide modeled after Torkington et al. Results indicate that men present poor health as a result of workplace-specific performance requirements (long workdays, difficult environmental conditions), being physically far away from their family, and the fact that they do not often seek mental health help. Additional studies with a much larger sample of men are necessary.
Features of Entertainment Digital Games for Learning and Developing Complex Problem-Solving Skills: A Protocol for a Systemic Review
Authors: Gyaurov Dimitar , Fabricatore Carlo , Bottino Andrea
Published: September 2022

Entertainment digital games (EDGs) can be used to promote real-world-relevant learning, even if they have not been specifically designed for educational purposes. This is especially true for EDGs that engage players in contexts that mimic real-world problem scenarios and support the development of knowledge and skills that can be transferred to out-of-game contexts. In these cases, gameplay learning can be a very effective means of promoting those cognitive capabilities that are central to addressing real-world challenges requiring complex problem-solving (CPS), but at the same time are particularly difficult to foster through formal educational environments and approaches. However, what features of EDGs can simultaneously promote player enjoyment and CPS processes, which specific CPS skills can be fostered, and by which mechanisms, are questions that remain largely unanswered in the current literature. This paper presents a protocol for a systematic review that aims to address this gap by examining relevant analysis and design frameworks for entertainment games. Selected frameworks will be reviewed by combining a game-centric and a player- centric perspective to identify structural elements of gameplay environments and tasks that may affect psychological processes relevant to the promotion of CPS capabilities. To this end, each framework will be subjected to a formal content analysis in which data will be extracted, coded, and analyzed based on the Work System Theory (WST) and the Cognitive Work Analysis (CWS) frameworks. The main outcome of the proposed systematic review will be a knowledge base that can help researchers, developers and practitioners to select the most appropriate methodological frameworks for the analysis and design of entertainment games capable of promoting CPS skills through gameplay learning. In addition, this protocol can also inform and guide further reviews of methods for analyzing and designing educational games.
Precision estimation of large space-borne parabolic antenna support structure
Authors: Chuanzhi Chen , Fei Lin , Pei Wu , Youming Zang
Published: September 2022

An accuracy analysis approach – mosaic equivalence approach which is based on the principle of approximate structure substitution, to a large complex spatial mechanism with three-dimensional (3D) paired bearings support joint (PBS-joint) clearance is presented to effectively estimate the support structure precision of large parabolic space-borne antenna. The analysis suggests when all the PBS-joints equipped with Metric 628/6 bearings in standard clearance, the surface precision of support structure can obtain relatively high accuracy with a 99.73% probability that root mean square (RMS) was kept in (0.3275, 0.7673) mm and peak-to-valley (PV) was kept in (0.8806, 1.8178) mm. The solution of deviation configuration under a large complex spatial mechanism using the proposed mosaic equivalence approach can be transformed into that under a mosaiced structure of its simple sub-mechanisms. As a result, the high-dimensional coupling between the deviation configuration decision variables can be effectively avoided. Besides, the constraint equations of large complex mechanisms with the PBS-joint 3D clearance can be simplified. This method lays a foundation for reducing the manufacturing cost and risk of large-diameter, high-precision satellite antennas. It has essential engineering value.