bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEDAGOGICAL APPROACHES TO LITERATURE: EXPLORING IDEOLOGICAL MOVEMENTS IN HIGHER EDUCATION THROUGH THE ALASH IDEA
Authors: SHAMSHADINKYZY Aknur
Published: April 2024

This article delves into the intricate interplay between ideological movements and pedagogical approaches in higher education, specifically focusing on the Alash Idea's profound influence on literature instruction. Originating in early 20th-century Kazakhstan, the Alash Idea epitomizes a confluence of cultural resurgence, nationalism, and educational reform. This study aims to unravel the pedagogical implications stemming from the Alash Idea's impact on literature education, elucidating its enduring significance within higher education contexts. By scrutinizing historical narratives and contemporary educational paradigms, this research illuminates the Alash Idea's indelible mark on literature instruction methodologies. It investigates the movement's role in shaping curricula, instructional strategies, and the conceptualization of literary studies within academic settings. The analysis delineates the Alash Idea's legacy, providing insights into its continued resonance in modern pedagogical frameworks. Through a meticulous examination of historical perspectives and present-day educational landscapes, this study underscores the ongoing relevance and adaptability of the Alash Idea's pedagogical principles in contemporary literature instruction. This article positions the Alash Idea as a pivotal influencer in shaping teaching methodologies for literature within higher education, offering valuable insights for educators, scholars, and policymakers engaged in curriculum development and pedagogical innovation.
The Evolution of Language Learning: Exploring AI's Impact on Teaching English as a Second Language
Authors: Konyrova Lazzat
Published: April 2024

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into language education has revolutionized the teaching of English as a Second Language (ESL). This study explores the impact of AI on ESL instruction and investigates how AI-driven technologies enhance language learning outcomes. By analyzing current pedagogical approaches and technological innovations, this research examines how AI augments traditional language teaching methods, providing personalized and adaptive learning experiences for ESL learners.        AI-based language learning platforms offer interactive modules tailored to individual student needs, creating an immersive and efficient learning environment. Additionally, the use of natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning algorithms enables real-time feedback and assessment, empowering learners to improve their language skills independently. This study critically evaluates the effectiveness of AI-driven tools in addressing linguistic challenges, such as pronunciation, grammar, and comprehension, while also considering their socio-cultural implications in diverse learning contexts.          By examining the evolving role of AI in ESL education, this research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between technology and language pedagogy. The insights from this analysis will inform educators, policymakers, and stakeholders about the potential and limitations of AI in reshaping language acquisition. Ultimately, this exploration advocates for a synergistic approach that harnesses AI's capabilities to optimize ESL instruction while preserving the human elements essential for holistic language learning experiences.
Advancing English as a Foreign Language Instruction through Innovative Technologies: Perspectives and Practices in Kazakhstan
Authors: Brakhmetova Arailym
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the implementation and impact of innovative technologies in teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in Kazakhstan. In an era where digital literacy is integral, this research explores how technological tools are reshaping EFL teaching methodologies in Kazakhstan's educational landscape. The study employs a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative data from surveys conducted among EFL teachers and qualitative insights from interviews and classroom observations. It examines the adoption of digital platforms, interactive software, and online resources in enhancing language skills, including listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The research highlights the benefits of these technologies in fostering student engagement, personalized learning, and improved language proficiency. Additionally, it addresses the challenges faced by educators in integrating technology, such as resource limitations and the need for professional development. The study also discusses the broader implications of technology-enhanced language learning for educational policy and practice in Kazakhstan. Finally, it proposes strategies for optimizing the use of digital tools in EFL teaching and suggests areas for future research.
Procedures for Reviewing Cases of Administrative Offenses in the Field of Customs Affairs
Authors: Mamyrova Saltanat , Alpysbaeva Elmira
Published: April 2024

This paper examines the procedural aspects of handling administrative offenses in the field of customs affairs. It provides an in-depth analysis of the legal framework governing the review of such cases, focusing on the specificities of customs legislation and its enforcement in administrative contexts. The study highlights the challenges and complexities involved in adjudicating customs-related administrative offenses, including issues of jurisdiction, evidentiary standards, and the balance between efficient customs control and the rights of individuals and businesses. The paper also discusses the implications of recent legal reforms in this area and their impact on the effectiveness of customs administration. Through a comprehensive review of legislation, case law, and administrative practice, this research offers insights into optimizing the review process of administrative offenses in customs, aiming to enhance legal certainty and efficiency.
ПРОВЕДЕНИЕ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТА C ИС-ПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИРО-ВАННОГО ПОДХОДА
Authors: Билялова Айнагуль , Жабагина Раушан , Миникеева Салтанат
Published: April 2024

Статья анализирует проведенное в классе исследование, основанное на дифференцированном подходе. В ней описываются этапы планирования, ход эксперимента, а также роль и место эксперимента в рамках урока. Освещается значение этого исследования для работы учителя, которое способствует повышению качества знаний учащихся. Дизайн и выполнение эксперимента подробно описаны, подчеркивая важность тщательного планирования и адаптивности учителя к динамичной учебной среде. Статья также подчеркивает вклад эксперимента в создание более интересной и взаимодействующей атмосферы обучения. Это имеет важное значение для стимулирования любопытства и мотивации учащихся.Кроме того, в статье подчеркивается значение этого исследования для профессионального развития учителей. Педагоги, внедряя экспериментальные методы в свою практику, могут повысить качество своего обучения, что приведет к улучшению результатов учащихся. Данное исследование не только обогащает инструментарий учителей, но также подчеркивает важность инновационных подходов в преподавании для повышения общего качества образования.
Omnichannel-based value creation through the activation of business model themes: A multi-case exploration of retail firms
Authors: Knobel Katarina , Costa-Climent Ricardo , Haftor Darek M.
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: Este estudio investiga el impacto de las prácticas omnicanal en el comercio minorista, impulsadas tanto por el reto de la mercantilización de los productos como por las oportunidades derivadas de la adopción de la tecnología digital por parte de los consumidores. El objetivo principal es comprender cómo estas prácticas mejoran los procesos de compra de los clientes mediante interacciones fluidas a través de múltiples canales y contribuyen a la creación de valor.Metodología: Empleando un enfoque cualitativo de estudio de casos múltiples, la investigación examina 14 minoristas para explorar la implementación y los resultados de las prácticas omnicanal. Esta metodología permite conocer en profundidad los aspectos operativos y estratégicos de la venta minorista omnicanal.Resultados: El estudio revela que las prácticas omnicanal contribuyen a la creación de valor en cuatro temas distintos: novedad, eficiencia, complementariedad y fijación. Contrariamente a la suposición predominante en la ortodoxia empresarial que asocia principalmente las prácticas omnicanal con la eficiencia, esta investigación demuestra que estas prácticas pueden aprovecharse de una manera más polifacética. También muestra que la activación de estos temas de creación de valor no es binaria, como se sugería anteriormente, sino que varía en grados y combinaciones. Implicaciones prácticas: Se aconseja a los directivos del sector minorista que consideren cuidadosamente qué soluciones operativas integrar en sus prácticas omnicanal. Esta selección estratégica debería tener como objetivo activar una combinación específica de temas de creación de valor en un orden y grado determinados. La investigación se ve limitada por su dependencia de un enfoque cualitativo y una muestra relativamente pequeña de 14 minoristas. En el futuro deberían realizarse estudios independientes con amplios análisis empíricos y cuantitativos para confirmar estas percepciones.
L’animal non humain comme élément constitutif de différents topoï narratifs dans la littérature européenne
Authors: Ibeas-Altamira Juan-Manuel , Vázquez Lydia
Published: April 2024

The growing interest in non-human animals is driven by advancements in biotechnology and an increased awareness of the importance of preserving biodiversity. This fascination with non-human creatures dates back far in history. Exploring the representation and interpretation of the animal world throughout different epochs helps us better understand our relationship with other forms of life and appreciate the richness of works celebrating the animal kingdom. Animal motifs, laden with symbolic meanings, provide a complex field of study where recurring patterns are less evident. This volume explores these relevant recurrences and identifies the narrative patterns that shape these animal representations, enabling a deeper understanding of the relationship between humans and animals.
Les enjeux du discours sur la girafe au dix-huitième siècle, des naturalistes et Buffon à François le Vaillant
Authors: Gallouët Catherine
Published: April 2024

In the eighteenth century, the illustrations of natural history treatises betray the complex evolution of the image of the giraffe, divergent, even contrary representations, of an animal which belongs as much to reality as to fantasy. We know it from texts whose contradictions only sharpen curiosity about this fabulous animal that no one had yet seen. The different editions of Buffon's Natural History attest to the author's relentlessness in resolving the difficult question of the animal's horns, but also show the itinerary of a knowledge that is still evolving. It is François Le Vaillant, explorer, naturalist, ornithologist, who has the honor of finally presenting the giraffe to the scholarly community. Conquest of knowledge for the glory of science, certainly, but also intimate possession through the death of the coveted object, his account of hunting offers an unprecedented glimpse of a conquest that turns out to be as literal as scientific, the seed of other conquests to come.
De quelques topoï comiques liés à l’âne et au cheval dans Don Quichotte et Tristram Shandy
Authors: Tran-Gervat Yen-Maï
Published: April 2024

It would take much more than one paper to encompass the representations of asses and horses in comic fiction. This paper broaches the subject through the very singular ways Cervantes (in Don Quixote, 1605-1615) and Sterne (in Tristram Shandy) explored it. By stressing very specific equine representations in two explicitly linked humorous masterpieces rather than examining recurring patterns, it proposes a methodological reflexion on the articulation between the narrative topos and singularity.
Un « cheval ombrageux »
Authors: Morselli Michele
Published: April 2024

The article aims to grasp the role of the symbolic code in the scaffolding of the narrative unity of Le Rouge et le Noir, through the theme of the horse. Although the symbolic dimension seems excluded from Stendhal's poetics (Racine & Shakspeare), and many of its commentators criticize it for « a writing without images », equestrian themes and symbols nevertheless play a central role in as elements guaranteeing the coherence of the narrative discourse. The article first presents the symbolic potentialities underlying the Stendhalian poetics of the novel. Then, the topos of the horse is presented both as a theme and as a symbol in the narrative structure of the Le Rouge et le Noir. Finally, the use of symbolism in Le Rouge et le Noir is seen as a tool to confess the fictional artifice itself, so as to compromise the "perfect illusion" of the fiction and, therefore, prevent any complete identification of the readership with the figure of Julien.
Memorias que se cruzan: el espacio de la falla de La Punta
Authors: Ferrer Albert , Balanzà Ricard
Published: April 2024

El territorio de La Punta de Valencia, se presenta como un espacio particular cuyas características posibilitan una visión de las fallas única, por ser una zona en plena transformación, de especulación y conflicto, siendo historia de la lucha desde el margen. Nacidas del arte, el pensamiento y la poesía, las últimas fallas allí plantadas dialogan con la contemporaneidad, arraigándose en la memoria del espacio y de quienes lo habitan.
Mescalina, arroz y tartana. Una lectura sociocultural de la Movida Valenciana con perspectiva de género.
Authors: España-Salinas Jose Antonio , Domènech Cerdà Mercè
Published: April 2024

La Valencia finisecular se convirtió en un hervidero cultural donde empezó a surgir lo que se ha conocido como Movida Valenciana, muy relacionada con las estéticas que llegaban desde el norte de Europa -con una relectura local- que sería el inicio de lo que se conoció como "Ruta del Bakalao". Actualmente, vivimos una recuperación de lo que significó la Movida Valenciana en el ámbito cultural, social y artístico, hasta el punto de llegar a considerarse una escena cultural inclusiva, convertida en seña de identidad de la Valencia de finales del siglo XX. Ahora bien, es posible que esta consideración se deba a un proceso de mitificación de un movimiento que había sido demonizado en el imaginario colectivo. Por eso debemos acercarnos a la escena a través de sus productos culturales -música y artes plásticas- y de su sociabilidad, para observar la situación de las mujeres en la Movida Valenciana.
Hardness prediction of WC-Co cemented carbide based on machine learning model
Authors: Song Rui , Liu Xue-Mei , Wang Hai-Bin , Lü Hao , Song Xiao-Yan ,   Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Education Ministry of China, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Published: April 2024

The hardness of cemented carbides is a fundamental property that plays a significant role in their design, preparation, and application evaluation. This study aims to identify the critical factors affecting the hardness of WC-Co cemented carbides and develop a high-throughput predictive model for hardness. A dataset consisting of raw material composition, sintering parameters and characterization results of cemented carbides is constructed in which the hardness of cemented carbide is set as the target variable. By analyzing the Pearson correlation coefficient, Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) results, WC grain size and Co content are determined to be the key characteristics influencing the hardness of cemented carbide. Subsequently, machine learning models such as support vector regression (SVR), polynomial regression (PR), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), and random forest (RF) are optimized to construct prediction models for hardness. Evaluations using 10-fold cross-validation demonstrate that the GBDT algorithm model exhibits the highest accuracy and strong generalization capability, making it most suitable for predicting and analyzing the hardness of cemented carbides. Based on predictions from GBDT algorithm model, PR algorithm model is established to achieve high-precision interpretable prediction of the hardness of cemented carbides. As a result, a quantitative relationship between hardness and Co content and WC grain size is obtained, demonstrating that reducing grain size and Co content is the key to obtaining high hardness of cemented carbide. This research provides a data-driven method for accurately and efficiently predicting cemented carbide properties, presenting valuable insights for the design and development of high-performance cemented carbide materials.
Expression of modified FcγRI enables myeloid cells to elicit robust tumor-specific cytotoxicity
Authors: Farhat-Younis Leen , Na Manho , Zarfin Amichai , Khateeb Aseel , Santana-Magal Nadine , Richter Alon , Gutwillig Amit , Rasoulouniriana Diana , Gleiberman Annette , Beck Lir , Giger Tamar , Ashkenazi Avraham , Barzel Adi , Rider Peleg , Carmi Yaron
Published: April 2024

Despite the central role of T cells in tumor immunity, attempts to harness their cytotoxic capacity as a therapy have met limited efficacy, partially as a result of the suppressive microenvironment which limits their migration and activation. In contrast, myeloid cells massively infiltrate tumors and are well adapted to survive these harsh conditions. While they are equipped with cell-killing abilities, they often adopt an immunosuppressive phenotype upon migration to tumors. Therefore, the questions of how to modify their activation programming against cancer, and what signaling cascades should be activated in myeloid cells to elicit their cytotoxicity have remained unclear.Here, we found that activation of IgM-induced signaling in myeloid cells results in secretion of lytic granules and massive tumor cell death. These findings open venues for designing novel immunotherapy by equipping monocytes with chimeric receptors that target tumor antigens and consequently, signal through IgM receptor. Nonetheless, we found that myeloid cells do not express the antibody-derived portion used to recognize the tumor antigen due to the induction of an ER stress response. To overcome this limitation, we designed chimeric receptors that are based on the high-affinity FcγRI for IgG. Incubation of macrophages expressing these receptors along with tumor-binding IgG induced massive tumor cell killing and secretion of reactive oxygen species and Granzyme B.Overall, this work highlights the challenges involved in genetically reprogramming the signaling in myeloid cells and provides a framework for endowing myeloid cells with antigen-specific cytotoxicity.
Italian adaptation of the Multidimensional Iowa Suggestibility Scale (MISS)
Authors: Liuzza Marco Tullio , Tolomeo Eva , Occhiuto Giuseppe , Cilurzo Martina , Martino Iolanda , Cerasa Antonio
Published: April 2024

Background

Suggestibility is a personality trait that reflects a general tendency to accept messages. The Multidimensional Iowa Suggestibility Scale (MISS) is a self-report scale developed to measure the degree of individuals’ perceptions of their suggestibility. This study aimed to adapt the MISS in an Italian sample.

Methods

We conducted two studies. In the first study, 345 subjects (270 females (78%), mean age = 36.21 years ± 14.06 SD) completed the translated Italian version of the MISS, composed of five subscales (consumer suggestibility; persuadability; sensation contagion; physiological reactivity; peer conformity). We investigated the structural validity of the scale through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) testing four measurement models (unidimensional, four-factor, hierarchical four factors, and bifactor) and explored reliability in terms of internal consistency through the McDonald’s omega. In the second study, we cross-validated the MISS on a new independent sample. We enrolled 277 participants (196 females (71%), mean age 30.56, SD = 12.58) who underwent the new version of the scale. We performed factor analyses to test structural validity and compared four measurement models. Then, we investigated reliability and conducted a latent variable analysis to explore divergent validity.

Results

The CFA in the first study revealed a bifactor solution of the MISS. This structure was interpretable and provided an adequate fit for the data. The final version of the scale was reduced to forty-six items with globally good indices of adaptation. The scale also demonstrated acceptable reliability in terms of internal consistency through the McDonald’s Hierarchical Omega. In the second study, we found that the bifactor structure was confirmed. Factor loadings inspection revealed that there was no justification to report only the separate scores for the subscales. We also found that the scale showed good internal consistency, but mixed evidence for divergent validity.

Conclusions

In the end, the Italian version of the MISS demonstrated good psychometric properties which will be discussed in detail below.
Plasma-based lipidomics reveals potential diagnostic biomarkers for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective study
Authors: Chen Yang , Gu Yixuan , Rong Jinhua , Xu Luyin , Huang Xiancong , Zhu Jing , Chen Zhongjian , Mao Weimin
Published: April 2024

Background

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is highly prevalent and has a high mortality rate. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as imaging examinations and blood tumor marker tests, are not effective in accurately diagnosing ESCC due to their low sensitivity and specificity. Esophageal endoscopic biopsy, which is considered as the gold standard, is not suitable for screening due to its invasiveness and high cost. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a convenient and low-cost diagnostic method for ESCC using plasma-based lipidomics analysis combined with machine learning (ML) algorithms.

Methods

Plasma samples from a total of 40 ESCC patients and 31 healthy controls were used for lipidomics study. Untargeted lipidomics analysis was conducted through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Differentially expressed lipid features were filtered based on multivariate and univariate analysis, and lipid annotation was performed using MS-DIAL software.

Results

A total of 99 differential lipids were identified, with 15 up-regulated lipids and 84 down-regulated lipids, suggesting their potential as diagnostic targets for ESCC. In the single-lipid plasma-based diagnostic model, nine specific lipids (FA 15:4, FA 27:1, FA 28:7, FA 28:0, FA 36:0, FA 39:0, FA 42:0, FA 44:0, and DG 37:7) exhibited excellent diagnostic performance, with an area under the curve (AUC) exceeding 0.99. Furthermore, multiple lipid-based ML models also demonstrated comparable diagnostic ability for ESCC. These findings indicate plasma lipids as a promising diagnostic approach for ESCC.
Convergencias y divergencias en las trayectorias profesionales de docentes de Educación Media Técnico-Profesional que estudian pedagogía
Authors: Castro Soto Cristóbal , Arancibia Herrera Marcelo
Published: April 2024

Este estudio examina las trayectorias profesionales de tres docentes de Educación Media Técnico-Profesional (EMTP) en Chile que decidieron estudiar pedagogía mientras ejercían la docencia en liceos técnicos. A diferencia de la ruta tradicional de formación docente, estos profesionales primero ingresaron al campo laboral antes de formalizar su educación pedagógica, ofreciendo una perspectiva única sobre su desarrollo profesional. El análisis se centra en identificar puntos de convergencia y divergencia en sus trayectorias, utilizando relatos biográficos para desentrañar momentos clave, motivaciones y giros vocacionales. Los resultados revelaron experiencias educativas previas positivas y una atracción temprana hacia la docencia como puntos comunes, mientras que las diferencias radicaron en los recorridos previos a su ingreso a la enseñanza. A diferencia de los docentes formados convencionalmente, estos profesionales abordan la pedagogía con una comprensión clara de su proceso formativo, subrayando la importancia de adaptar los programas de formación docente a sus necesidades específicas. Así, este estudio ofrece una perspectiva reveladora sobre el desarrollo profesional de los docentes de EMTP, sugiriendo vías para enriquecer los procesos de formación en este ámbito educativo.
A Scoping Review on the Exigent Needs to Build Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, and Asexual Inclusive Competencies in the Medical Education Curriculum
Authors: Balaji Jyotsna Needamangalam , Prakash Sreenidhi , Surapaneni Krishna Mohan
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, Intersex, and Asexual (LGBTQIA+) individuals are subjected to appreciable health inequalities, many of which are exacerbated by the absence of a standard framework for LGBTQIA+ proficient healthcare. The marginalised LGBTQIA+ population faces atrocious health outcomes and reveals deplorable medical care experiences. To provide relevant and sensitive care to LGBTQIA+ individuals and fulfill the healthcare needs of this marginalised population, healthcare service providers must acquire expertise in specific skills, guidelines, and recommendations. Aim: To provide a brief summary of the evidence in the scientific literature regarding the necessity of incorporating LGBTQIA+ inclusive competency into medical education curricula. Materials and Methods: An intricate literature search in scholarly databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) yielded a wide range of publications focusing on training undergraduate medical students in LGBTQIA+ healthcare. The selected scientific articles were further screened in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria devised for this scoping review, aligning with the study’s objectives. Result: The extensive search yielded a total of 578 articles for screening. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 14 manuscripts were analysed for this scoping review, advocating the importance of integrating competencies into the medical curriculum to provide improved, unbiased healthcare services to LGBTQIA+ communities. Conclusion: There was notable diversity in studies in terms of the research objective, the LGBTQIA+ population(s) under focus, and the study results. Stigma and bias present potential barriers to establishing quality healthcare services for the LGBTQIA+ population. The current literature shows consensus in supporting academic efforts to shift towards pedagogical interventions that are vertically integrated and focused on clinical skills to address LGBTQIA+ health disparities.
Traditional vs. Scientific Eri Silkworm Rearing: A Study in Bhubaneswar Zone
Authors: Jena Subhrata , Nadaf Hasansab A. , Mittal Vishal , Chowdary N. B. , Selvakumar T. , Padhy P. C.
Published: April 2024

Sericulture holds significant importance in the tribal economy of India, with the country being the sole producer of various natural silks including mulberry, tasar, muga, oak tasar and eri silk. Eri silkworm rearing is particularly prevalent in the Bhubaneswar zone of Odisha, encompassing districts such as Khurdha, Jagatsinghpur, Nayagarh, Cuttack and Kendrapada. This study focuses on the traditional eri culture methods in the region, highlighting indigenous rearing techniques, food plant selection, larvae management etc. Observations revealed that traditional practices were consistent across the Bhubaneswar region, emphasizing the need for adopting scientific methods. Implementing tray/platform rearing, precise feeding techniques, strategic food plant selection during different larval stages, well-designed rearing rooms and advanced spinning methods can optimize space usage, ensure disease-free larvae, promote uniform cocoon production, increase the effective rate of rearing and silk production. The disparities in shell percentage between cocoons at the farmer level and the farm level in the Bhubaneswar zone are indicative of varying practices and care in sericulture. Farmer-level cocoons exhibit a lower shell ratio ranging from 9.17% to 9.82%, implying inadequate care and nutrition provided to growing silkworms. This discrepancy suggests that these farmers might face challenges in maintaining suitable conditions such as proper temperature, humidity and nutrition, leading to inferior cocoon quality. Conversely, at the farm level, the shell ratio ranges from 10.14% to 10.71%, indicating that farmers in this category are comparatively more adept at silk rearing practices. They provide better nutrition, suitable temperature, humidity and other necessary facilities, resulting in higher-quality cocoons. The superior environment and care provided at the farm level are reflected in the Effective Rate of Rearing (ERR%) consistently above 40%, reaching a maximum of 50.85%. This signifies that farm-level cocoons have better attributes such as cocoon weight, shell thickness and filament size compared to those reared by individual farmers, where ERR% ranged from 31% to 42%. The integration of modern techniques not only enhances production potential but also creates employment opportunities for rural youth. This approach fosters better income generation, surpassing the limitations of traditional methods and paving the way for a thriving sericulture industry.
A Study on Constraints Faced by Millet Stakeholders in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: N Venkatesa Palanichamy , M Kalpana , K Deepak Kumar , M Santhosh Kumar
Published: April 2024

Millets, highly nutritious grains, are crucial for food security and nutrition due to their resilience in challenging agricultural conditions and rich nutritional content. This study investigates the constraints faced by stakeholders involved in the millet industry in Tamil Nadu, The research focuses on farmers, market intermediaries, and consumers, highlighting their challenges within the millet supply chain. A purposive sample of 90 millet-growing farmers and various market intermediaries was selected from key millet-producing districts. Data collection involved structured interviews and analysis using descriptive statistics and Garrett Ranking Technique. Results reveal significant production constraints for farmers, including price fluctuation, high seed costs, and pest and disease occurrence. Market intermediaries face challenges such as supply-demand imbalance and high transportation costs. Consumers encounter issues like limited availability and high prices of millet-based products. These findings underscore the multifaceted challenges within the millet industry, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to address constraints and enhance the sustainability and accessibility of millets in Tamil Nadu.
Flood Risk Perception and Government’s Role in Implementing Regulations
Authors: Sawaneh Ibrahim Abdulai
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the relationship between public perceptions of flood risk, participation in government action, satisfaction with government efforts, knowledge of flood prevention, and institutional trust in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Employing a quantitative approach, the research utilizes structural equation modeling to analyze the relationships among these variables across six disaster-prone communities in Freetown from 2017 to 2022. Data were collected from 1,500 respondents using STATSL2020 questionnaire, covering flood risk perception, public participation, satisfaction with government actions, flood knowledge, and institutional trust. The analysis reveals that higher public participation and institutional trust correlate with lower perceived flood risks, while a greater perception of flood risk negatively affects views on government efforts. Furthermore, the findings indicate that knowledge and trust influence the impact of public engagement on satisfaction with government actions, with demographic variables such as gender, age, income, and education playing a role in these relationships. This study empirically demonstrates the relationship between institutional trust and public participation in flood risk perception, highlighting the importance of clear communication and participatory strategies in building trust and satisfaction in government flood risk management. The research underscores the significance of involving communities in disaster prevention efforts and the need for transparent communication to enhance public trust and satisfaction with government regulations for flood disaster prevention.
Role of Lifestyle Risk Factors for Azoospermia: Insights from Ebenezer Clinical Laboratory - Kampala Capital City, Uganda
Authors: Nuwagaba Topher , Kizza Stephen S. , Sserwanga Lawrence , Muwanguzi Eria , Ddamulira Christopher
Published: April 2024

Background: Azoospermia is one of the social problems affecting families/countries today in the whole world, which has resulted in an involuntary declining birth rate [1]. Worldwide, more than 70 million couples suffer from infertility, and it is estimated that azoospermia is found in up to 10 to 20 percent of the men who present to an infertility clinic [2]. Uganda is among the countries where male infertility is assumed to be a big challenge, with an estimated 5,000,000 people facing infertility, where 10 to 15% of the couples are unable to have children. Hence the current study aimed at establishing the risk factors associated with azoospermia among patients attending Ebenezer Clinical Laboratory, Kampala, Uganda.
Methods: A retrospective case-control study design was conducted on men who had visited the Microbiology Department for semen analysis from 1st January to 31st December 2015. Cases were azoospermic participants in the ECL database with no sperm cells in the ejaculate whereas controls were normozoospermic participants in the ECL database with normal sperm cells in the ejaculate. Systematic sampling was employed in the selection of respondents using their clinical records. The sample size was 204 (102 cases and 102 controls) clients, determined using a formula from the OpenEpi software package for Kelsey. The sample involved 102 cases and 102 with a ratio of cases to controls being 1:1. The study used a data abstraction structured questionnaire for data collection. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics to generate frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test and logistic regression analyses were used to determine whether there was a significant association between risk factors and azoospermia with about 0.05 statistical significance.
Results: The study found out that tobacco use [AOR = 11.245, (CI 95% = 3.913 – 32.312), p = 0.000], marijuana use [AOR = 21.975, (CI 95% = 5.710 -44.571), p = 0.000], type of underwear [AOR = 9.366, (CI 95% = 4.360 – 19.9471), p = 0.000] were statistically significant factors associated with azoospermia among patients
Conclusions: Interventions should be focused on improving these factors, such as minimizing tobacco and marijuana usage among the populations, as well as sensitizing the males on the dangers of wearing tight underwear.
Molecular Mechanisms and Cytopathology of Phytophthora: Strategies, Interactions and Future Perspectives
Authors: M. S Aswathi , Rithesh Lellapalli , Radhakrishnan N. V.
Published: April 2024

Phytophthora is an aggressive plant pathogen, pose substantial threats to global agriculture, leading to extensive crop losses. Controlling Phytophthora diseases remains challenging, with limited effective methods available. Host resistance emerges as a promising strategy, but its sustainability hinges on a profound comprehension of the intricate molecular dynamics governing Phytophthora-plant interactions. These interactions unveil a hemi-biotrophic lifestyle of Phytophthora, transitioning from biotrophic to necrotrophic phases during infection. The infection process involves a series of orchestrated events, including chemotactic attraction, penetration, and sporulation on the host surface. Molecular cytology elucidates a sophisticated interplay between Phytophthora and plant defense mechanisms. Phytophthora elicits defense responses in host plants through the release of elicitor molecules, triggering PAMP Triggered Immunity (PTI) responses such as antimicrobial compound production and cell wall fortification. Detection and recognition of Phytophthora effectors instigate a second layer of defense in resistant plants, leading to Effector Triggered Immunity (ETI) and hypersensitive response. In response, virulent strains evolve altered effectors to evade detection and suppress host defenses, underscoring the ongoing molecular coevolution between Phytophthora and plants. The pathogenic success of Phytophthora species is attributed to their diverse and rapidly evolving effector gene complements, targeting various host proteins and cellular processes. Future strategies for combating Phytophthora diseases include genome editing using CRISPR/Cas-9 technology to enhance plant immunity and the identification of non-race-specific resistance sources for broad-spectrum protection. In essence, a comprehensive understanding of Phytophthora-plant interactions at the molecular level is imperative for devising effective strategies to mitigate their impact on global agriculture.
Seasonal Incidence of Insect Pests and Natural Enemies in Foxtail Amaranthus and Spinach and Efficacy of Dimethoate Against Insect Pests Infesting Leafy Vegetables
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Raman , Manikandan Karuppiah , Kousika J. , Bhuvaneswari K. , Suganthi A.
Published: April 2024

An investigation was made to study the efficacy of dimethoate against sucking and defoliator pest-infesting foxtail amaranths and spinach. The efficacy of dimethoate was evaluated at two doses, one at the recommented does of 200 g active ingredient (a.i.) ha-1 and other at double the recommended dose of 400 g a.i. ha-1 along with control and the other at double the recommended dose of 400 g a.i ha-1 along with control. The incidence of leaf webber (Hymenia recurvalis), ear-head bug (Cletus pugnator), Thrips (Thrips tabaci) and leaf miner (Liriomyza trifoli) were observed in foxtail amaranth. In spinach, leaf-eating caterpillars (Spodoptera litura), cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) and Thrips (Thrips tabaci) were recorded. In spinach at the third leaf stage, nearly 9.20% leaf defoliation, 10.34% leaf damage and a mean thrips population of 3.48/five plants with a mean predator population of 0.32/ five plants were recorded. In the efficacy study, dimethoate was efficient in reducing the infestation of the leaf webber population with pre-mean count of 4.4± 0.87 in control and 1.2± 0.03 in X dose and 0.0± 0.0 in 2X dose after a day after treatment (DAT) in foxtail amaranths. In an efficacy study of dimethoate on thrips in spinach and foxtail amaranth, a complete reduction of thrips population was observed on 3 DAT at X dose and 2X dose with mean thrips population on control was 17.1± 2.12 in spinach and 8.5± 1.24 in foxtail amaranth 3 DAT. These findings indicate that dimethoate application has promising potential as a practical approach for managing insect pests in foxtail amaranth and spinach crops.
Combining Numeric Method and Visualization Method Together to Analyze Big Data and the Prediction of the Rate of Accidental Death in China’s Coal Mining Industry
Authors: Zou Yousuo , Huang Steed J. , Luo Xin , Zou Anne
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we want to introduce an Enhanced Least Square method. We will utilize this method to analyze the given data, which is the number of deaths annual in colliery accidents in China in 2005-2018. And we will predict the future performance, offering an opinion about the current measures for safety precautions in coal industry. Analyzing the rules of the big data can not only help analyze the situation, but predict the trends, allowing an improvement of probability in decision making. In this research, we will use the Standard Total Deviation and Pearson Correlation Coefficient analysis methods to conduct the error analysis.
Assessment of Performance in Cereal Fodder Crops with Relation to Seeding Rates and Cutting Stages
Authors: Paul Akash , Sarma Hridesh Harsha , Boruah Anasuya , Lhamu Sonam , Das Olympica , Talukdar Nilabh
Published: April 2024

Cereal fodder crops serve as indispensable sources of nutrition for livestock, contributing significantly to the efficiency and sustainability of animal production systems worldwide. Maximizing the productivity and quality of these crops requires careful management, with seed rates and cutting stages playing pivotal roles in determining crop performance. Seeding rates play a critical role in crop establishment and growth, with both low and high rates affecting plant competition and ultimately yield. Cutting stages, on the other hand, are pivotal in determining the quality and nutrient composition of the forage. Optimal cutting stages vary depending on the intended use, such as hay, silage, or grazing and can significantly influence digestibility and overall nutritional value. The assessment of cereal fodder crops is therefore pivotal for optimizing agricultural productivity and ensuring sustainable livestock feed production. Understanding the intricate relationship between seeding rates, cutting stages and crop performance is essential for sustainable agriculture and livestock production systems, contributing to improved resource efficiency and economic viability.
Defining the sanctissimus
Authors: Noble Gordon , Gonzalez Bojaca Leidy Laura , Worsman Robin , O’Driscoll James
Published: April 2024

This article presents the results of a programme of investigation into vallum enclosures around known or suspected early Christian church sites in eastern Scotland. Survey and keyhole excavation results are reported on for four sites: Abersnithock, Aberdeenshire; Migvie, Aberdeenshire; Glamis, Angus; and Dunkeld, Perth and Kinross. At each site a combination of aerial survey, geophysics and evaluative excavation revealed rectilinear or curvilinear ditched enclosures centring on the position of the church, with radiocarbon dating showing these enclosures are of early medieval date. The significance of the church vallums are discussed, including their role as marking the sacred precincts of the early church and the significance of such large enclosures in the early medieval landscapes of Pictland. In addition to the early medieval results, the geophysical survey at Dunkeld revealed part of old Dunkeld town, which was burnt down and abandoned after the Battle of Dunkeld in 1689.
Stressed Triangular Tessellations and Fibonacci Parastichous Spirals on Ag Core/SiO2 Shell Microstructures
Authors: Li Chao‐Rong , Ji Ai‐Ling , Gao Lei , Cao Ze‐Xian
Published: August 2009

Triangular tessellations and Fibonacci parastichous spirals were assembled via thermal stress engineering of Ag‐core/SiO2‐shell microstructures, for which the geometry and topology of the primary core/shells play a pivotal role. Patterns on slightly stressed spherical surfaces are simply triangular tessellations with 12 pentamers, whereas additional pentamer–heptamer chains emerge when more vertices are available (>360) on heavily stressed surfaces, all showing an excellent agreement with numerical solutions to the Thomson's problem. Defect‐free triangular lattice can be produced on a pierced spherical cap prepared via the draining effect. Remarkably, Fibonacci spirals of definite chirality, 3 by 5 through 13 by 21, and in both sinister and dexter forms, emerge on the conical supports. These results provide strong confirmation of the mechanical principle for phyllotaxis that the phyllotatic patterns are the least‐elastic‐energy configuration in a confining receptacle, and meanwhile demonstrate an effective path for the en masse fabrication of patterned structures on curved surfaces.
Perspectives and Challenges in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Langer Robert
Published: August 2009

This Essay provides a concise overview on the achievements and future challenges in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
Flow distribution and mass transfer in a parallel microchannel contactor integrated with constructal distributors
Authors: Yue Jun , Boichot Raphaël , Luo Lingai , Gonthier Yves , Chen Guangwen , Yuan Quan
Published: August 2009

Flow distribution and mass transfer characteristics during CO2‐water flow through a parallel microchannel contactor integrated with two constructal distributors have been investigated numerically and experimentally. Each distributor comprises a dichotomic tree structure that feeds 16 microchannels with hydraulic diameters of 667 μm. It was found that constructal distributors could ensure a nearly uniform gas–liquid distribution at high gas flow rates where the ideal flow pattern was slug‐annular flow. Nevertheless, at small gas flow rates where the ideal flow pattern was slug flow, a significant flow maldistribution occurred primarily due to the lack of large pressure barrier inside each distributor, indicating that dynamic pressure fluctuation in parallel microchannels greatly disturbed an otherwise good flow distribution therein. It was further shown that the present parallel microchannel contactor could realize the desired mass transfer performance previously achieved in one single microchannel under relatively wide operational ranges due to the integration of constructal distributors. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Mechanical and film properties of thermally curable polysiloxane
Authors: Chakraborty Ruby , Soucek Mark D.
Published: August 2009

Telechelic glycidyl epoxide siloxanes substituted with either methyl, cyclopentyl, or cyclohexyl groups were cured thermally with corresponding telechelic aliphatic amine. Also, the three glycidyl epoxide functionalized siloxanes were homopolymerized via a photo‐initiated cationic mechanism. Both the UV and thermal curing were performed by formulating with reactive diluents. The mechanical properties, viscoelastic behavior, and coatings properties of the thermally cured siloxanes were studied. In addition, the X‐ray measurements were performed. The rate of polymerization increased with the increasing size of substituent on the siloxane backbone. The hardness, adhesion, and solvent resistance increased as the bulk of the substituent increased in the siloxane backbone. The release properties for adhesion and readhesion increased with increase in steric bulk of the backbone substituents. Crosslink density reduced and oxygen permeability increased with increase in siloxane substituent size. There was also an increase in the advancing and the receding contact angles with the increase in substituent size. The inverse dependency of substituent size and free volume was observed in the d‐spacing of the X‐ray data. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010