bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Synonymous Codon Usage in the R1 Gene of Duck Enteritis Virus
Authors: Lu Guo Fu , Cheng An Chun , Wang Ming Shu
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a corresponding analysis of the codon usage bias in the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (R1), encoded by UL39 gene from duck enteritis virus (DEV) CHv strain (Assigned Accession No.: EU071042) and 33 other reference herpesviruses was performed by using CAI, CHIPS and CUSP program of EMBOSS, aims to provide a basis for understanding the evolution and pathogenesis of DEV and for selecting appropriate host expression systems. The results showed that codon usage bias of DEV R1 gene strongly preferred to the synonymous with A and T at the third codon position; the phylogentic analysis revealed that DEV had a close evolutionary relationship with the avian Alphaherpesvirinae. In addition, the codon usage bias of DEV R1 gene was compared with those of E.coli, yeast and human. There are 17 codons showing distinct usage differences between DEV and E.coli, 13 codons between DEV and yeast, 20 codons between DEV and human. Therefore, the yeast expression system is more suitable for the target gene’s expression. The extent of codon usage bias in the DEV R1 gene was highly correlated with the gene expression level, therefore the results may provide useful information for the study of classification and function of the target gene.
Heterologous Expression of Production of T10, C12-CLA Linoleic Acid Isomerase Gene from Propionibacterium acnes
Authors: Luo Xue , Zhang Lan Wei , Li Hong Bo , Wang Shu Mei , Xue Chao Hui
Published: March 2013

The linoleic acid isomerase enzyme from Propionibacterium acnes, which catalyzed the isomerization of a methylene-interrupted double bond system to a conjugated double bond system, creating trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10, c12 CLA) was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli using expression system of pCold-SUMO. The gene was expressed under T7 promotor with a fusion partner of 6×His. Tag at its 5'terminal. After induction by 0.2mM IPTG for 18 h, the recombinant enzyme are expressing in the cytoplasm. The 1275 bp gene from P. acnes encode a linoleic acid isomerase protein with 424 amino acids (55KD).
Nanostructure of Binary Organogels via Trigonal Acids and Pyridine Derivatives
Authors: Li Min
Published: March 2013

We reported here the gelation behaviors of binary trigonal acids and bipyridine derivatives mixtures in various organic solvents. Their gelation behaviors in 20 solvents were tested as new organic gelators. It was shown that the molecular shapes and substituent groups in these compounds played a crucial role in the gelation behavior of the compounds. While the trigonal acid with aromatic core can gel in acetone and ethanol, another trigonal acid with hydrophobic core can only gel in aniline. The molecular structures and substituent groups of bipyridine derivatives have also played an important role in changing the gelation behaviors and assembly states. SEM observations reveal that the molecular structures and the identity of the solvents are the main factors affecting the structures of the aggregates in the gels. Experimentally, different microstructures of the gels were observed. As example, the aggregates of trigonal compound in acetone, ethanol, or aniline adopt structures of belt-like aggregates or thin nanofibers, respectively.
The Antioxidation Activity in Vitro of Phloridzin Isolated from Apple Pomace
Authors: Liu Di , Shang Hua , Song Xiao Yu
Published: March 2013

After the phloridzin crude solution was absorbed by D-101 resin, the resin was eluted by 50%、60%、70%、80% and 90% ethanol solution in sequence, and phloridzin crude solution, 50% ethanol elution solution and 90% ethanol elution solution were analyzed by HPLC for component. The antioxidation activity in vitro was tested for 90% ethanol elution solution. The result shows that the component in high content of ethanol elution solution is more simple; phloridzin isolated by resin has good capacity on scavenging HO•, O2-•and DPPH•, and shows good doses-response relationship .
Purification and Characterization of Ginsenoside-Hydrolyzing β-Glucosidase from Wheat Bran
Authors: Zhang Chun Zhi , Chen Ming , Guo Hai Chen , Zu Guo Ren , Chen Li
Published: March 2013

The ginsenoside-hydrolyzing β-glucosidase that can converse the major ginsenosides into the minor ginsenosides was isolated from wheat bran, and the enzyme was purified and characterized. The crude enzyme solution extracted from wheat bran could hydrolyse the protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides such as Rb1, Rc, Rd and Rg3, but could not hydrolyse the protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides such as Re and Rg2. The enzyme fractionated on the DEAE-Cellulose DE-52 column was purified to one spot in SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and the molecular weight of enzyme in the fraction 34, 47, and 61 was approximately 62 kDa, 62 kDa, and 68 kDa, respectively.
Research on Entanglement and Coherence in Light Harvesting Complex during Photosynthesis
Authors: Guan Xing Yu , Chee J.
Published: March 2013

Photosynthesis is a wonderful phenomenon which is present in green plant. In recent years, it has been discovered that there is entanglement in the biological pigment protein complexes, and that may be the reason of high transport efficiency. And coherence also plays an important role during the process of this efficiency energy transport. However, some scientists consider that it is not at all clear entanglement exists in the FMO complex, or unlike coherence, its role for the transport efficiency seems to be irrelevant. This paper mainly introduces what progress have scientists made during the past few years.
Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of the Total Saponins Extracted from Fermented Polygala japonica Houtt
Authors: Liu Ming Xing , Zhu Ting , Guo She Ne , Zhu Hong Da
Published: March 2013

This study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the total saponins extracted from fermented Polygala japonica Houtt (FPH) compared with that of unfermented Polygala japonica Houtt (UFPH). The total saponins extracted from FPH and UFPH were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity in xylene-induced ear swelling and acetic acid-induced vascular permeability models in mice, analgesic activity in acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate models in mice. The total saponins extracted from FPH had the significant anti-inflammatory (p<0.001) and analgesic (p<0.01) activities with the doses of 6 g/kg b.w. in mice. The results of this experimental study thus strongly support the potential significant use of the total saponins extracted from FPH for pain and inflammatory.
Production of Fuel Ethanol from Hydrotherm-Pretreated Corn Stover by Pichia stipitis
Authors: Zhang Qiang
Published: March 2013

Corn stover is an abundant raw material for fuel ethanol production. Finding out the appropriate process for ethanol production will be possible to achieve industrilization. Hydrothermal pretreatment (195°C,15min) and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) were adopted to produce ethanol from corn stover. The results showed that 86.5% of cellulose were remained in solid cake and most of hemicellulose were solubilized after pretreatment. The highest ethanol concentrationl of 12.12 g/ L was achieved at initial pH of 5.5，temperature 30°C and 130 rpm shaking rate with substrate concentration of 5%(w/v) by Pichia stipitis58376 after 192 h.The corresponding volumetric productivity were 0.065g/Lh .
One-Step Synthesis of Lemonile from Citral by Liquid Phase Catalytic Ammoxidation
Authors: Wang Ye , Pi Shao Feng , Zhou Jin Hua , Gao Hai Li , Li Ji Lie , Sun Han Zhou
Published: March 2013

Lemonile is a new kind of spice. The new technology for synthesis of lemonile from citral by catalytic ammoxidation has been investigated. Experimental results showed the optimal synthetic conditions are as follows. The molar material ratio n(H2O2):n(Citral) is 3:1, solvent for the reaction is isopropanol, dosage of the catalyst CuCl is 3% (wt, calculated by citral), the drop-feeding temperature and time for hydrogen peroxide are 10 °C-14 °C and 3 hrs, respectively; after hydrogen peroxide being drop-fed into the reaction system, the reaction should be continued for 4 hrs. Lemonile yield is 91.2% and purity is 98.5% (detected by GC) under the optimal conditions. This new one-step liquid phase catalytic ammoxidation technology is a green synthesis way for lemonile. The structure of the product has been confirmed by GC-MS.
Study on the Photosynthetic Efficiency of the Osmanthus fragrans Leaves by Using Photo-Acoustic Tomography Spectroscopy Technology
Authors: Lie Guang Hua , Lie Gan Wen , Cai Hua Lin , Ke Han Lan , Pan Ding Chao
Published: March 2013

By using a new kind of single-beam normalized photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy (PAS-CT) technology with non-damage detection, the photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy, optical absorption properties and photosynthetic pigment content of the green and yellow leaves of Osmanthus fragrans were studied. The results show that: photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy could be obtained from different chopping frequency and different sample position. The more photosynthetic pigment content the leaves of Osmanthus fragrans contains, the bigger optical absorption coefficient and the higher photosynthetic efficiency they have. In the research, we could find that the photosynthetic pigment content of the green leaves of Osmanthus fragrans is higher than that of the yellow ones. As a result, the optical absorption coefficient and the photosynthetic efficiency of the green ones are higher than the yellow ones. The photo-acoustic tomography spectroscopy technology could be a kind of non-damage detection to confirm the growth of trees.
Optimization of Enzymatic Preparation Anti-Oxidation Peptides from Pigskin Gelatin
Authors: Zhang Xiao Qiang , Dong Wen Bin , Zhang Min
Published: March 2013

We screen the neutral protease enzyme used to hydrolysis, through scavenging effect of six enzymatic hydrolysate on O2-•. The hydrolysis of condition was optimized by response surface methodology on the basis of single factor experiments. The optimized condition was as follows: hydrolysis temperature 43.65 °C, pH 6.25, time 3.29h, and content of enzyme 3.0% (W/W). Under this condition, the O2-•scavenging rate of the hydrolyzate was up to 72.01%. The experimental results were 71.15%.
Progress in Cartilage Tissue Engineering with Nanostructured Extracellular Matrix
Authors: Li Ying , Zhang Shu Jiang , Wu Huo Yan
Published: March 2013

Tissue defects and organ failure have seriously threatened the health and life of human beings and are challenges in modern medicine we have been trying to overcome. They are often treated with tissue and organ transplantation. Although autologous tissue transplantation is not bothered by immune rejection, it could cause defects of the donor site and create new pains. Therefore, scientists are striving to explore more ideal principles and methods while working hard to improve the existing treatments as most as possible. The rise and development of tissue engineering will be possible to provide adequate safe “autologous” tissues and organs to repair human body. Cartilage damage is one of the main causes of osteoarthritis. However, it has limited self-repair ability. Thus, cartilage tissue engineering, especially nanomaterials as a new treatment modality provides a therapeutic potential.
A Ferromagnetic Resonance Numerical Computation Method of Ferromagnetic Nano-Sphere
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhang Li , Guan Meng Ran , Xie Jian Liang , Deng Long Jiang
Published: March 2013

We have studied the approach for dynamic micromagnetic equilibrium conditions (Brown’s equations) in terms of nucleation theory provide micromagnetic solutions for linearized forms of the equilibrium equations. We focus on the case of ferromagnetic resonance here described for a ferromagnetic sphere with uniform magnetization and with no losses. With the linear approximation we have derived uniform and symmetric resonance mode to the micromagnetic equations describing the dynamic properties of the near single-domain states by ignoring the magnetostatic potential gradient in symmetric case. Moreover, using numerical integration solution to calculate exchange and magnetic energy, both resonance modes are proved to be effective approximate solution of Brown’s equations in the nanometer range.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Cresol Red in Wastewater Using Nanometer TiO2
Authors: Tian Peng , Huang Tao , Zheng Zhi Guo , Sun Lu , Du Wen Le , Su Gui Tian
Published: March 2013

In this paper, titanium tetrachloride with inorganic salts as raw materials in the experiment, TiO2is prepared by the hydrolyzation method in (NH4)2SO4-modified TiCl4solution, the maximal photocatalytic activity is observed at the mole ratio of TiCl4: (NH4)2SO4=1:2, the water-bath temperature of 90°C. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency is influenced by the initial cresol red concentration, the solution pH, irradiation time and the UV irradiation intensity. The short degradation time shows that the nanometer TiO2can be used as an easy and efficient method to degrade the cresol red solution in wastewater.
Correlated Transitions of Pb/PbO Core-Shell Nanoparticles Induced by Electron Beam Irradiation
Authors: Zhou Yang , He Long Bing , Han Min , Xie Bo
Published: March 2013

Nanoscale thermodynamics and kinetics were explored via the manipulation of Pb/PbO core-shell nanoparticles with a focused electron beam which served as a nanometer heating probe. In the electron transmission microscope (TEM), when an electron beam of moderate intensity was used to irradiate the nanoparticles, the amorphous particles gradually crystallized and showed distinct boundaries between lead cores and oxide shells. In such a way, the oxide shell could be easily measured to be 0.5-2 nanometers. With a high intensity electron beam, melting of the lead cores could be observed, indicating a sufficient local temperature increasing induced by the concentrated heat generated by inelastic electron collisions. The fluidic metal core erupted out through the cracked shells accompanied with the vanish of the boundaries between the cores and shells. Manipulations on nanoparticle decorated carbon wires proved that the lead oxide shells could sustain the irradiation of intense electron beam.
A Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensor for Carcinoembryonic Antigen Based on Graphene and Thionine
Authors: Han Jing Man , Ma Zhan Fang
Published: March 2013

A label-free immunosensor was developed to detect the presence of an antigen. This immunosensor was based on the modulation of the electrochemistry of the surface bound redox species thionine (Thi). The model antigen was carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the model epitope was the antibody of CEA (anti-CEA). Glassy carbon electrode surfaces were first drop-coated with a mixture of graphene, Thi and Nafion and air-dried. The electrode surface was then electrodeposited in HAuCl4solution to form Au nanoparticles (AuNPs). The resulted AuNPs were used to immobilize anti-CEA. Binding of CEA to the surface bound epitope resulted in the attenuation of the Thi electrochemistry. Under optimal conditions, the response of the label-free immunosensor had a liner range from 10 fg/mL to 100 ng/mL with a detection of 3.5 fg/mL (S/N=3).
The Correlation between Blood Lead Level and T-Lymphocyte Subpopulation with Analysis of Biochemical Materials
Authors: Li Lin , Meng Qing He , Li Shi Guang , Kong Qing Hao
Published: March 2013

Although we have gained much information about lead-induced organ damage, the effect of blood lead level on T cell subgroup is yet to be determined. To assess the effect of blood lead level on T-lymphocyte Subpopulation Expression of children, and the association of T-lymphocyte Subpopulation Expression with threshold limit value of blood lead level.The aim of study is evaluating the significance of blood level, as an indicator for environmental lead, and T-lymphocyte Subpopulation Expression as an effect indicator, to determinate the correlation between the content of blood lead and T-lymphocyte Subpopulation Expression. The 120 children from area to exposure environmental lead were recruited into the study using immunofluorescence methods and study of blood lead level using graphite stove atom absorption spectrophotometer respectively, with blood lead level of 0.48μmol/L as a cut off value. The enrolled children according to their blood lead levels were assigned into three groups,26 in Group I with blood lead level ≥0.48 μmol/L , 40 in Group 2 with lead level ≥0.24 μmol/L but <0.48 μmol/L and 54 in Group 3 with lead level <0.24 μmol/L .Student t test was used in data analysis, and correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between blood lead level and expression of T-lymphocyte Subpopulation.Data from all 120 children were used for data analysis. There was no significant difference when blood lead level of 0.24μmol/L as a cut off value. Our analysis of CD3, CD4 cells expression and CD4/CD8 cell ratio decreased in high lead groups of 0.48μmol/L as a cut off value(lead level ≥0.48 μmol/L) than Group (lead level ≥0.24 μmol/L) (t=3.27,P<0.01). When the blood lead level was ≥0.48 μmol/L, The result revealed the level of T-lymphocyte Subpopulation expression was a significant difference between groups of high and low blood lead level.. There was difference correlation in the level of blood lead and T-lymphocyte Subpopulation expression. The result suggested that the high blood lead level may be regarded as an adverse effect on children’s immune function especially on CD3 percentage, CD4/CD8 cell ratio when exposed environmental lead.
Synthesis and Anti-Tumor Activity of Cyclodepsipeptides Paecilodepsipeptide A
Authors: Yang Ming Jun , Wang Yong Gang , Liu Xiao Feng , Wu Jing
Published: March 2013

paecilodepsipeptide A was first synthesized by retrosynthesis methods. the structures were determined by Mass Spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy, and the anti-tumor activities on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (SMMC-7721) and human lymphoma cell line (Raji) were examined by MTT. The result showed that the rate of Paecilodepsipeptide A was 72% by retrosynthesis methods. The structures of the synthesized product were identified by 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra, which is identical to the natural product. The product has remarkable anti-proliferation activity on SMMC-7721 and Raji, which showed good anti-tumor activity. IC50 was 8.97 μmol/L and 11.13 μmol/L respectively, The total synthesis of Paecilodepsipeptide A is significant to further study its derivatives and develop novel antitumor drugs.
Research on Extracting Vehicle Fault Symptoms Based on Rough Sets Theory in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Wang Chang Shun
Published: March 2013

This paper gives a brief introduction of rough sets theory. Taking the fault diagnosis of the diesel engine valve clearance for example, it discusses about the basic algorithms and methods to extract fault symptoms based on rough sets theory. The conclusion shows the possibility to develop intelligent fault diagnosis with the combined application of fuzzy theory and neural network theory.
The Intelligent Home Gated Security and Defense System Design with Intelligent Materials Based on GSM Module TC35
Authors: Xin Zheng Hua , Song Qi Xiang , Hu Liang Yi , Li Xian Wei , Xu Shao Qing
Published: March 2013

The system used the sensor technology, the intelligent materials and wireless communication technology to achieve intelligent security and defense systems. It finished the remote monitoring for home appliances. The master STC12C5A60S2 SCM takes charge of the work of various sensors. The intelligent materials are embedded in the facilities can adapt to the environment and feel. Once an electric equipment is abnormal, they can diagnose the problems, adjust the equipments or send text messages or call of the situation to the owner automatically. He/She can make appropriate and timely protective measures. In addition, the owner can view the images in the camera acquisition for the home by his/her phone. It should be applied widely.
The Application of Step-by-step Stretching Method in Solving Tensile Parts Scratch Defects in Material Application Engineering
Authors: Yang Zhan Yao , Sheng Yan Jun
Published: March 2013

In the stretching process, scratch is on the main defects affecting parts’ quality and is the quality problem, which is difficult to solve. This paper analyzes the main cause of quality problem the tensile parts caused, and puts forward some methods to solve.
Study on Kinetics and Biocompatibility Evaluation of Multiple Polymer Layer with Biochemical Material Properties in Drug-Eluting Stent
Authors: Pavlinich Sergey , Liu Xi Wei , Zhao Hong , Li Zhen , Li Li
Published: March 2013

The Paclitaxel-eluting stents (PTX) with three-layered polymer coating were studied in this work. The PLGA (polylactic acid-co-glycolic acid) with 15 percent PEG (poly ethylene glycol) concentration in blend have been applied for preparing multiple layer drug carrier and fabricated on the surface of 316L stainless steel stents by ultrasonic atomization spraying method. The Paclitaxel was explored in doses: (~255μg) for single layer coated PTX (30 wt%), and (~275μg) for multiple layer coated PTX in accordance. Pre- and post-expansion surface morphologies of multiple layer stent were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Paclitaxel release kinetics was studied by comparative method of release profiles of single layer PTX with 3-layered polymer coated PTX. The biocompatibility by hemolysis ratio and dynamic clotting time with platelet adhesion measurements also was investigated.
Numerical Analysis of Impact Velocity on the Responses of Adhesively Bonded Steel Butt Joint with Material Properties
Authors: You Min , Liu Kai , Yu Hai Zhou , Wu Ling , Li Mei
Published: March 2013

The effect of the impact velocity on the responses of the adhesively bonded steel butt joint during Izod impact test and the failure procedure is studied using the finite element method software ABAQUS. The results obtained show that the failure time of the element becomes little shorter when the impact velocity increased from 3.2 m/s to 10.2 m/s. The peak value of the Seqv in element 1 increases first and then decreased when the impact velocity reached 4.2 m/s. When the impact velocity is higher than 6.2 m/s, the peak value of the Seqv increased again as the impact velocity increased until 10.2 m/s. It is recommended that the impact velocity of 3.2 m/s or 5.2 m/s is suitable for Izod impact test for the adhesively bonded steel butt joint.
The Research of Using Step Function to Simulate the Step-Movement of Forklift Machine in Mechanical Engineering Based on ADAMS
Authors: Cui Qun Feng , Li Xu Rong , Wang Jian Zhang
Published: March 2013

the movements of forklift mainly include the forward and backward of body,driving of boom cylinder to stick cylinder, flipping and lifting of stick cylinder to shovel,and the recovery of them after the completion of these actions.The paper puts forward using step function in ADAMS to simulate these movements. First, the solid modeling of a forklift established in ADAMS. And then, the step function was utilized to carry on emulation step by step. The concret form of step function is step(parameter,time1,position1,time2,position2),the parameter here is time.The component is in position1 at time1.The component is in position2 at time2.At the same time, the utilization of combined step functions ,which means multiply step functions are add to components , can realize various motions at different time.The step movement is achieved consequently
Study on Component Library for Storing Mechanical Devices with Mechanical Properties
Authors: Sun Heng , Cai Shu Bin , Weng Jian , Massawe Richard Happson Joseph
Published: March 2013

In this paper, a new component assembly library for mechanical devices is presented. Component modeling is the key technology, and component library is also an important functional module, which is a tool for instruction design in the mechanical devices. Mechanical properties are mentioned. Interactions between the component design process and the component library are realized. This paper covers the details about the implementation of the component library. The process of traditional mechanical design is simplified with the component library. Consequently, the design and development time for mechanical device instructions can be significantly shortened.
Research on the Vibration Characteristics of a Ship Engine-Base System
Authors: You Dan Dan , Sun Li Ping , Ai Shang Mao , Liu Yi Yang
Published: March 2013

To study the vibration characteristics of a ship engine-base system, modal analysis is carried out to get the natural frequency and principal modes of the engine-base system. On that basis, the dynamic stiffness of base is further discussed and the dynamic displacement is calibrated in engineering field by superposition principle. Calculation shows that the base stiffness satisfies the requirement practical use, and likewise, the vibration characteristics of the base meet the design requirements.
Study on Matching Electromagnet Retarder for City Bus with Force Analysis Based on Brake Directional Stability
Authors: Wang Wen Hui , Li Jiao
Published: March 2013

After installing electromagnet retarder on the city bus, car performances, such as safety, comfort, economical efficiency and environmental protection have been embodied and improved. However, great hidden concerns on safety will exist if matching between the electromagnet retarder and city bus fails. In this paper, brake work conditions as well as the practical operational processes of the electromagnet retarder both at home and abroad have been analyzed. The fact that possible hazardous brake work conditions may appear while electromagnet retarder brake is being put into practice after force analysis on the city bus braking has been analyzed. Drivers are guided to put electromagnet retarder into practice correctly in any road conditions after the matching between the electromagnet retarder and city bus has been analyzed.
Design of Intelligent Living Room Environment’s Control System with Intelligent Materials
Authors: Yu Jun , Zhai Yu Wen , Li Xiao Hong
Published: March 2013

The measurement and control system of an intelligent living room environment is introduced in this paper, which takes single-chip microcomputer STC89C52 as the core chip. The system uses the intelligent digital temperature and humidity materials SHT11 and light sensitive resistor to realize the detections of living room temperature, relative humidity and light intensity level with automatic control, in order to improve the living room comfort level. It's function reliable, simply constructed, and can achieve the automatic adjustment of living room environment parameters.
The Research on the Dynamics of High-Speed Friction and Wear Test System in Mechanical Engineering
Authors: Sun Jian Gang , Li Tie Jun , Zhang Xue Sen , Chen Mei Ying
Published: March 2013

By researching the dynamics of high speed friction and wear test system, establish the statics and dynamics model of high-speed dial and get the equation of motion of turntable scrapers state. Using Ansys Workbench software platform analysis the order modal of the turntable, get the kinetic parameters of the system. Some suggestion and methods are proposed on avoiding vibration of turntable system.
Study on Periodic Time Series of Rotating Machines Using Multifractal Theory Based on Mechanical Mechanics
Authors: Chen Chang Zheng , Meng Qiang , Gu Quan , Gou Yi , Zhao Xin Guang
Published: March 2013

The oscillating or cyclic time behavior can characterize many processes. This holds for rotating machines. The vibration signals of them are periodic or contain periodic parts, which can be used for fault diagnosis for the rotating machines. The periodic time series of the superposition of two oscillations were investigated by the multifractal theory in this study. The wavelet transform modulus maxima method was used for the singularity spectrum computations. From the results, we can find that when the amplitude, frequency or the phase difference changed, the width and the peak position of the singularity spectrum changed significantly. Therefore, a new measure - the width and the peak position of the singularity spectrum – can be used for the periodic signals.
Wind Turbine Generator Fault Detection by Wavelet-Based Multifractal Analysis
Authors: Chen Chang Zheng , Zhang Yu , Gu Quan , Gu Yan Ling
Published: March 2013

It is difficult to obtain the obvious fault features of wind turbine, because the vibration signal of them are non-linear and non-stationary. To solve the problem, a multifractal analysis based on wavelet is presented in this research. The real signals of 1.5 MW wind turbine are studied by multifractal theory. The incipient fault features are extracted from the original signal. Using the Wavelet Transform Modulo Maxima Method, the multifractal was obtained. The results show that fault features of high rotational frequency of wind turbine are different from low rotational frequency, and the complexity of the vibration signals increases with the rotational frequency. These demonstrate the multifractal analysis is effective to extract the fault features of wind turbine generator.
Research and Application of Intelligent Consultation and Diagnosis Platform with Intelligent Materials for Rice Pests and Diseases
Authors: Yang Hong Wei , Zhang Li Ying , Zhang Fang
Published: March 2013

Intelligent materials had been widely used in many fields such as medical, civil construction and aerospace fields, but in agricultural field, there were little applications reported. At present, general PDA equipments could not meet the requirements of data collection as the weakness such as GPS signals were poor, didn’t possessed dusk, shockproof, waterproof ability, these problems would be solved easily if these equipments were made based on intelligent materials. In this paper, the basic concept, function and application of intelligent materials were introduced, some key problems such as knowledge base, reasoning machine were explained, at last, the application prospect of intelligent materials were analyzed.
Structural-Acoustic Optimization of Laminated Composite Structures Based on Response Surfaces Method
Authors: Chen Lu Yun , Yang Nian , Zhang Yu Fang
Published: March 2013

Based on Mindlin first order shear effect plate theory, the structural-acoustic optimization of laminated composite structures under external loading was investigated. For improving the optimization efficiency, the response surfaces method (RSM) is introduced, and the uniform Latin square method was used to select the most appropriate sample points. In the end, taking the laminated composite plate acoustic radiation as an example, the mathematical model of structural structural-acoustic optimization is established. The results show that the acoustic radiation of laminated composite structures can be reduced by optimizing the stacking sequence parameters such as layers thickness and layers angle. The results prove the validity of the calculating ways.
Synthesis and Gas Sensing Properties of SnO2-CuO Nanocomposites
Authors: Khanidtha Jantasom , Noothongkaew Suttinart , Pukird Supakorn
Published: March 2013

SnO2-CuO nanocomposites have been synthesized with the simple co-precipitation method for gas sensing properties. Sn and CuO powder were the starting materials. The synthesized products were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that SnO2-CuO nanocomposites have a tetragonal and monoclinic structure, respectively. SEM images verify that the some microballs are up to 10 µm and nanorods have a diameter range from 10-100 nm, while length ranges a few micrometers. The nanocomposite products were highly sensitivity to CO2gas at room temperature.
An Efficient Method for Preparing Carboxymethyl Chitosan by the Activation of Chitosan
Authors: Situ Fang Min , Jiao Yan Peng , Zhou Chang Ren
Published: March 2013

To improve carboxymethylation reaction, chitosan as reactant was activated to change its morphology and compact structure. The crystallization properties of chitosan before and after activation were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. Different preparation methods were compared using activated, powdery or flake chitosan as reactants, respectively. And the influences of reaction time and temperature on the yield, the intrinsic viscosity and the degree of substitution of carboxymethyl chitosan were also investigated. We found that, the activation treatment changed the crystallization properties of chitosan, which greatly accelerated the subsequent carboxymethylation reaction; and higher yield of carboxymethyl chitosan with considerable intrinsic viscosity was obtained under the reaction conditions of a shorter time and a milder temperature.
Study on Engineering Property of Water-Based Epoxy Resin Mortar
Authors: Gong Du Ming , Liu Qi Cheng , Chen Ling , Xiong Zi Jia
Published: March 2013

The engineering property of water-based epoxy resin mortar was investigated in this paper, the fluidity and pin performance are analyzed. Influence of water-based epoxy resin ratio on engineering property was discussed. As the results showed, the fluidity decreases with the increase of resin dosage(water-based epoxy resin on the percentage of total materials), and the best resin dosage is 9.7% around. The shear strength expression was nonlinear fitted, and the integration of shear strength and tensile strength was completed based on the experimental results to guide the engineering application.
FESEM-EDX and CV Characteristics of Dopant (Mn, Co, Ni) Magnesium Ferrites
Authors: Jonit Siti Soleha , Aziz Madzlan , Sundari Rita
Published: March 2013

Doping magnesium ferrites (MgFe2 O4) with Mn, Co and Ni, which were synthesized by sol gel method using citric acid and polyvinyl alcohol (P VA) and calcined at 500oC, showed interesting electrochemical featur es based on their cyclic voltammetric (CV) characteristics using 5 µL ferrite – poly vinylidene fluoride in ethano l deposited on a screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) in a mixture of 1.0 M KOH and ferricyanide solution recorded with a scan rate of 0.02 Vs -1. The Mn doped magnesium ferrite (x = 0.9) showed the most remarkable CV performance over other doped element (Co and Ni) and un-doped magnesiu m ferrites. The surface morphology of doped ferrites was studied by applying a field emissi on scanning electron microscope (FESEM) in conjunction with an energy dispersive X-ray spect roscopy (EDX) analysis. The results revealed that Mn posed the highest percentage on the surface ( ≈ 21.5 %), followed by Co (≈ 19.5%) and Ni ( ≈ 6.7%) with respect to x = 0.9 of M0.9Mg0.1Fe 2 O4 (M = Co, Mn and Ni) at 500oC calcination. The study showed the possibility of yielding semi conducting ferrites using own fabricated magnesium ferrite and its metal doping.
Studies on the Immobilized-Lipase-Catalyzed Esterification of Alkyl Oleates in Solvent-Free Systems
Authors: Zhong Hui , Fang Zheng , Zou Bao Hua , Li Xin , Guo Kai
Published: March 2013

The esterification of oleic acid with alkyl alcohols in solv ent-free systems was catalyzed by an immobilized lipase from Candida sp . 99-125. The influence of several factors, including enzyme concentration, temperature, molar ratio between oleic acid and alkyl alcohols, and structure of alcohol was also investigated. The results indicated that the reactions catalyzed by lipase at 20 o C, in the presence of 3% (w/w) lipase, on the molar ratio of 1:1 between oleic acid and alcohols, afforded products in high yield. It showed high selectivity to primary and low selectivity to secondary alcohols and tertiary alcohols because of the sterically hindered effect. Methanol has certain toxicity on the activity of the lipase. The lipase from Candida sp. 99-125 was identified to be an effective catalyst in the esterification of alcohol and oleic acid at low temperature.
A Numerical Study of the Flow and Pollutant Dispersion in Valley-River Urban
Authors: Huang Rong , Wang Naiang
Published: March 2013

Air flow and pollutant dispersion characteristics in a real valley city are studied under the real boundary condition. The 3D computational fluid dynamics using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes modeling was carried out in Lanzhou which is a typical valley city in Northwest, China. The standard κ­-ε turbulence model as a simplified computational fluid dynamics model is used to provide moderately fast simulations of turbulent airflow in an urban environment. The modeled flow field indicated that the geometry, wind direction and source location had a significant effects on the flow field. The flow shows the funnelling is rather obvious when the wind flow through the narrow area in the middle of the city. It is obvious that in the high-altitude region, due to the impact of high and low differential pressure and terrain, SO2 and NO2 formed two cyclic concentration field in the dispersion process.
Study on Abstraction Modeling of a Networked Senor System in a Multiple-Language Environment
Authors: Zheng Hua Jing , Lu Hai Chuan , Jiang Quan
Published: March 2013

Developing highly efficient and reliable embedded system demands hardware/software co-design. To be high-configurable embedded systems, designers seek for transaction-level modeling and component based development. Our approach employ platform-based design and component-based design and apply it to a networked sensor system. We introduce a multiple-language environment unified component-based model and apply it to co-simulation of sensor system instances. The case studies demonstrate that our approach is readily applicable to real-world networked sensor systems and reduces the co-simulation complexities.
New Exact Solutions to a Class of Nonlinear Evolution Equations with Symbolic Computations
Authors: Ge Jian Ya , Xia Tie Cheng
Published: March 2013

Searching for exact solutions to nonlinear evolution equations is an important topic in mathematical physics and engineering. Many methods of finding exact solutions have been presented such as the inverse scattering method, algebraic method and so on. In this paper, by using Fan sub-equation method with the help of Maple, several meaningful solutions are obtained including bell shape solutions, trigonometric function solutions, twist shape solutions and Jacobi elliptic function solutions for a class of nonlinear evolution equation. This method can be applied to other nonlinear partial differential equations.
Structure Design of a Hydrogen Storage Alloy PCT Measuring Apparatus
Authors: Li Chao , Cheng Hong Hui , Pan Jin Ping , Wang Mei Ting
Published: March 2013

The basic principle of the hydrogen storage alloy PCT (Pressure-Composition-Temperature) measuring apparatus is introduced in this article. And the method of 3D virtual design in the hydrogen storage alloy PCT measuring apparatus based on SolidWorks software is described. The conceptual design of the system is conducted by Visio software. And the design, assembly, commissioning and optimization of parts is conducted by SolidWorks and the valve, gas piping, sample room, measuring apparatus are improved. Eventually it is found that the reliability and development efficiency of the measuring system can be effectively improved.
FBG Strain Sensor for Monitoring Daily Wind Direction Change on Power Tower Cross Arm Deformation Effects
Authors: Xue Zhen Li , Chen Xiao Yong , Cai Zhou Chun , Li Chuan , Zhao Zhen Gang
Published: March 2013

Under the influence of ice coating and other natural factors, Power tower cross arm will deform, damage and even fracture with the increasing stress. On the power tower of Yanjin converting station, four fiber Bragg grating strain sensors were installed. By changing the internal force that main material of the cross arm suffered, deflection change of each main material occurred, resulting in fiber Bragg grating wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating strain sensors which on the surface of the cross arm shifting. During the 479 days monitoring, the # 2 sensor daily mean strain range is the largest with the value of 1700.98, while the 3 # sensors have the smallest value of 1122.91. On the July 20th 2011, daily mean strain of the 2# strain sensor located in the insulation cross arm reached the maximum value 382.01, while on the February 19th 2011, that of the 4# sensor achieved the minimum value -1477.75.On the February 19th 2011, both local wind direction and speed had the biggest changes through the testing process, which indicates that the cable sweeping wind is the mainly reason to cause the power tower cross arm deformation.
The Design of Metrological Standard Device for the Vehicle Mass Analysis System
Authors: Yan Jin , Shao Jian Wen , Lin Feng , Zhao Cun Bin
Published: March 2013

In order to determine the metrological performance of the whole vehicle mass analysis system (VMAS), in this research, we designed a set of metrological standard device which could estimate the global error of VMAS. The VMAS metrological standard device which was composed of three parts: operating console, gas sources and control unit of reference gas would calculate the theoretical total emission and compare with the measured value. The results indicate that this standard device will well satisfy the verification requirement of VMAS and evaluate the whole metrological performance of VMAS.
Research on Electric Servo Loading System Based on Disturbance Observer
Authors: Zhang Chun Qing , Zhao Jiang Bo , Wang Jun Zheng
Published: March 2013

A novel double-loop control approach for reducing excess torque of the servo loading system based on disturbance observer is proposed.The mathematical model of the loading system is established by mechanism theory and the reasons causing the excess torque are analyzed, the nominal model and disturbance weighting function are determined based on an approximate method. Dis-turbance observer based the inner loop controller is designed by H ∞ mixed sensitivity method and the external-loop controller is designed as the classical PID contro ller. Both the simulation and experi-ments results show that disturbance observer is feasible and effectiv e to eliminate the excess torque, accuracy of the loading system is improved.
Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Masonry House in Towns and Villages in the Earthquake
Authors: He Jing
Published: March 2013

Based on the finite element theory, adopting th e concrete material model which suffers a single vertical earthquake load. The article studies the mode, acceleration time-history curve and stress distribution. The comp arison of theoretical analysis and simulation result shows that the finite element model of the masonry buildings is reasonable and practical. And model is used to the comparison between the reinforcement model and original model in four aspects (model mode, fracture development situation, the acceleration amplification coefficient and the displacement of the wall between windows). Through the analysis, the test result has been supplemented, getting the seismic performance of original model and the increased degree of earthquake magnitude after reinforced.
Empirical Formula for Stress Intensity Factor of Crack Initiated from an Interface Edge
Authors: Yang Zhen
Published: March 2013

Bi-material has been widely used in engineering. Due to the edge singularity, failure usually occurs from interface edge. For the evaluation of such failures, fracture mechanics approach is considered useful to avoid the edge singularity, by introducing an edge crack with various directions. However, this evaluation method is inconvenient for engineering application due to its complicity. In this paper, based on a huge amount of numerical analysis, an empirical formula of stress intensity factors (SIFs) for cracks initiated from the interface edge with various directions and crack length has been proposed. Since the cracks initiated from the interface edge is induced and dominated by the edge singular stress field, which can be characterized by the singular order and the corresponding stress intensity coefficient (SIC), this empirical formula relates their SIFs with the SIC and singular order of the edge singular stress field. With this empirical formula, it is possible to evaluate the fracture occurring from the interface edge by fracture mechanics approach, only with the numerical analysis of non-cracked bonded dissimilar materials.
The Application of the Electric Loop on the Hot Strip Mill
Authors: Wen Rong Tian , Xu Hua
Published: March 2013

This paper introduced the application of the loop on the hot strip mill. The loop mainly support the strip steel, form the loop variable which can adjust the dynamic speed of the mill, keep the pulling force of the strip steel between the framework, participate the speed control of the framework of the finishing rolling and the quality of the strip steel is ensured.
The Research and Analysis on the New Flexible Transmission Device of the Planer Double-Enveloping of the Sintering Machine
Authors: Wen Rong Tian , Zhou Liang Yong
Published: March 2013

To solve the technology improve of the sintering machine of the steel works of the steel company, the flexible transmission equipment of the planer double-enveloping is designed and manufactured based on the advanced technology of the planer double-enveloping toroidal worm pairs. This paper detailed analysis the flexible transmission principle, the contrast between the original transmission device and the new scheme, the new scheme of the new flexible transmission device, the optimization of the transmission link and the analysis of the structure optimization.
Study of Loading Characteristics of Hydraulic Pump Type Test Bench Based on the AMESim
Authors: Su Dong Hai , Gao Yuan , Wang Yue Ling
Published: March 2013

This paper analyzed parameter variation on pressure and flow of the test pump under condition of the load changed on hydraulic pump test-bed. Based on AMESim simulation software, a mathematical model of test bench loading system can be established. Then, the system loading characteristics has been analyzed, which provide theoretical basis for the further design on hydraulic pump type test bench system.
Performance Optimization Two-Node Support Structure of Free Beam Vibration Gyro
Authors: Liu Yu , Liu Shen , Xiong Wen Ji , Zeng Hong Ming
Published: March 2013

Establishing the system model of free beam vibration gyro under the influence of the Support structure, deriving and analyzing its vibration performance, comparison between model simulation through ANSYS software and relative theoretical calculation indicates that the relative error is less than 0.25%. Researches on the relations among system sensitivity, bandwidth, shock resistance and anti-interference ability of its model and sizes of Support structure contribute to principles of system optimization design and a set of design parameters: free beam (50mm×4.1mm×4.12mm), cylindrical Support structure(radius0.25mm×2.46mm), the performance of model is as: system driving frequency (8589.8HZ), bandwidth (39.4HZ), shock resistance (411.02g) and anti-interference frequency (above2381.3HZ).
Position Tracking and Attitude Stable Control for an Unmanned Quadrotor Vehicle
Authors: Bai Hui , Wang Hong Yu , Shao Shi Huang
Published: March 2013

A simplified dynamic model of the quadrotor is established. A multi-channel control scheme based on PID and dynamic inversion is proposed. Four channels are designed to achieve the position tracking and attitude stabilization of the quadrotor. A simulation shows the validity and good features of the control strategy.