bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Violence, Social Differentiation and the Self
Authors: Robinson Gary
Published: February 2015

The article considers aspects of violence in everyday life among the Tiwi of Melville and Bathurst Islands. It briefly compares the role of violence in bureaucratically and juridically mediated forms with self‐help and social regulation in Aboriginal societies, focussing on the expressive or performative aspects of violence in everyday interaction. Myers' discussion of violence among the Pintubi posits a dialectical polarity of relatedness and differentiation, corresponding with the affective poles of compassion and anger. This is compared with Sansom's account of semi‐ritualized forms of violence in Aboriginal fringe‐camp life, where a point of commonality in Myers' and Sansom's approaches is found: this consists of the attunement of action, of violence, self‐violence and destructiveness to the witnessing public. In Tiwi life too, conflict is dynamically shaped by actors' attempts to impinge upon, to seek to arouse and in some cases to manipulate, compassion or concern in the witnessing group as defence or as a form of moral attack. Open, dramatic ‘appealing’ violence, often in the form of a more or less controlled loss of self‐control, seeks to parry indirect interpersonal tension and antagonism, to reassert or restore social distance and protect or privilege important relationships from intrusive demands. However, these violent appeals in rhetorical threat, in self‐violence, destructiveness or sometimes in dramatic suicidal gestures also invariably indicate extreme personal difficulty displaced into open forms of confrontation. The article proposes that the generative moment of violence for social differentiation be sought in an examination of dynamic interrelationships between individual life‐history, inner group processes and their articulation with external social forms.
‘White Skins‘, ‘Real People’ and ‘Chinese’ in Some Spatial Transformations of the Western Province, PNG1
Authors: Wood Mike
Published: February 2015

To understand more fully contemporary forms of colonialism in PNG I argue we need to move our analysis beyond local narratives of encounters with Europeans to include narratives about non‐Europeans. Through a consideration of Kamula accounts of Europeans, especially missionaries, and Chinese I show how the Kamula model two quite different experiences of colonialism. In one, local people are able to transform Europeans into analogues of themselves and in the other, currently more associated with the Chinese, the emphasis is on difference, rather than on commonalities. These interrelated representations of two distinct kinds of colonialists are, in part, complex signifiers of national, and especially local, concerns about ‘development’ based on logging. I outline how these accounts of Europeans and Chinese express the different forms of power which are currently deployed to transform space in the Western Province. I conclude by speculating that to understand these powers adequately we may need to follow Latour and Callon and extend our analysis of colonialism to include non‐human agents.
REVIEW
Authors: James Kerry
Published: February 2015

The Long Way Home: Dilemmas of Everyday Life in a Tongan Village. By Arne Aleksej Perminow. Oslo: Scandinavian University Press (distributed by Oxford University Press), 1993. Pp iv + 166.
Entertaining a Dangerous Guest: Sacrifice and Play in the Ma'pakorong Ritual of the Sa'dan Toraja
Authors: Waterson Roxana
Published: February 2015

Ma'pakorong is a Toraja ritual performed in honour of the goddess of pox, Puang Ruru‘. She is invited into the village to be entertained with music, cockfighting, and food offerings before being escorted away with the expressed hope that she will not return for seven years. Ludic and sacrificial elements are inextricably interwoven in the rite, particularly in the cockfight, and I analyse these apparently contradictory elements in relation both to recent theoretical writings, and to the Toraja ritual cycle as a whole, drawing parallels with ritual contests in some other Indonesian societies. Besides dealing with illness, conceived as categorical disorder and excessive ‘heat’, the rite is ultimately concerned with the enhancement of fertility, and emphasises community benefits instead of the intense status competition which predominates at mortuary rites.
Village Inventions: Historical Variations Upon a Regional Theme in Uiaku, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Barker John
Published: February 2015

Anthropologists have come to realize that even the most ‘traditional’ Melanesian practices and ideologies may be historically shaped by the people's experiences within encompassing regional systems. This article examines the reshaping of local understandings of the village among the Maisin people of Oro Province over the past century. I distinguish three contexts within which Maisin notions of the village have been formed: colonial models of village government imposed before the Second World War; Christian village cooperatives in the post‐war colonial period; and village meetings in the 1980s. The paper shows that the idea of the village has a complex evolution, shaped within overlapping dialogues between villagers and significant outsiders and between elder and younger village leaders who have had differing experiences of the outside world and the place of their own community within it.
Review
Authors: Pannell Sandra
Published: February 2015

Inside Austronesian Houses: Perspectives on Domestic Designs for Living. Edited by James J. Fox. Canberra: Department of Anthropology, Research School of Pacific Studies, The Australian National University, 1993. Pp. x+237. Price: $A25.00
Origin Legends and Linguistic Relationships
Authors: Dixon R. M. W.
Published: February 2015

The paper begins by discussing a number of Aboriginal legends, referring to geographical events, that have a clear historical basis, before giving a number of legends about the direction from which ancestors came into contact‐time territory. A final section shows how some origin legends correlate with the direction in which the closest linguistic relationships are found, and speculates that other legends may suggest hypotheses for where to look for genetic relationships between languages.
Review
Authors: Goldman L. R.
Published: February 2015

Constructing Inequality. The Fabrication of a Hierarchy of Virtue among the Etoro. By R.C. Kelly. University of Michigan Press. 1993. Pp. 604. Price US$ 24.95 (pb)
Review
Authors: Losche Diane
Published: February 2015

Women of the Place: Kastom, Colonialism and Gender in Vanuatu. By Margaret Jolly. Harwood Academic Publishers. Camberwell, Victoria. 1994. Pp. xvi + 306. Price: US$54.00
Review
Authors: Douglas Bronwen
Published: February 2015

Articulating Change in the “Last Unknown”. By Frederick K. Errington and Deborah B. Gewertz. Boulder, Colorado, and Oxford: Westview Press, 1995. Pp. xvii + 196.
Review
Authors: Feld Steven
Published: February 2015

Ecoute le bambou qui pleure: Récits de quatre musiciens mélanésiens ('Aré'aré, Iles Salomon) Recorded and presented by Hugo Zemp. Paris: Gallimard, 1995. Pp. 213 + 51 photographic plates.

Iles Salomon: Ensembles de Flutes de Pan ‘Aré'aré/Solomon Islands ‘Aré'aré Panpipe Ensembles. Recordings and text in French and English by Hugo Zemp. Collection Musée de l'Homme‐CNRS, Le Chant du Monde LDX 274961.62, 1994. 2 audio CD recordings, booklet pp. 89, photographs, musical transcriptions.

Iles Salomon: Musiques Intimes et rituelles ‘Aré'aré/Solomon Islands ‘Aré'aré Intimate and Ritual music. Recordings and text in French and English by Hugo Zemp. Collection Musée de l'Homme‐CNRS, Le Chant du Monde CNR 274963, 1995. Audio CD recording, booklet pp. 109, photographs, song texts, musical transcriptions.
Review
Authors: Kolig Erich
Published: February 2015

Wege der Tradition: Aspekte kultureller Wechselbeziehungen in Vanuatu und Neukaledonien (Suedpazifik). By F. Valjavec. Berlin: Dietrich Reimer Verlag, 1995. Pp. 526. Price: DM106.
Review
Authors: McWilliam Andrew
Published: February 2015

For the Sake of our Future: Sacrificing in Eastern Indonesia Edited by Signe Howell Leiden: Research School CNWS publications, 1996. Pp. xi + 398 Price DF 1.50
Review
Authors: Cox Leonie
Published: February 2015

‘They might have to drag me like a bullock' The Tjilpi Pampa Tjutaku Project. By Susan Woenne‐Green for the Ngaanyatjarra Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara Women's Council Aboriginal Corporation, 1995. Pp xi + 148. Price $A20.00 plus postage, from NPY Women's Council, P.O. Box 2189 Alice Springs, N.T. 0871.
Review
Authors: Metcalf Peter
Published: February 2015

Sources of Iban Traditional History By Benedict Sandin. Edited and with an introduction by Clifford Sather. Sarawak Museum Journal, Special Monograph number 7. Kuching: Sarawak Museum, 1994. Pp. xiv+333. Price RM15.00
The Political Order and Corporal Coercion in Kanak Societies of the Past (New Caledonia)
Authors: Bensa Alban , Goromido Antoine , Mellott Noal
Published: February 2015

Till the mid‐19th century, in Kanak institutions in north central Grande Terre (New Caledonia), chiefs received their titles from the ‘masters of the land’. To add material and symbolic power to their preeminent position, they received human sacrifices, as one of their kinspeople offered his/her body; and they waged warfare outside the chiefdom. Their fame was proportional to control over human bodies. Based on historical sources and ethnographic information gathered in the field, the effort is made to see how these precolonial cannibalistic practices fit into political systems. A comparison is made between Kanak chiefs and Melanesian big men and great men.
Review
Authors: Bastin Rohan
Published: February 2015

Sri Lankan Fishermen: Rural Capitalism and Peasant Society. By Paul Alexander Second revised and enlarged edition. New Delhi: Sterling Publishers, 1995. Pp. xiv+306, biblio, index.
Review
Authors: Reuter Thomas
Published: February 2015

Origins, Ancestry and Alliance: Explorations in Austronesian Ethnography. By James J. Fox & Clifford Sathers (eds). Canberra: Department of Anthropology, Comparative Austronesia Project, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University, 1997. Pp. viii+336.
Review
Authors: Parmentier Richard J.
Published: February 2015

Signs of Recognition: Powers and Hazards in an Indonesian Society. By Webb Keane. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997. Pp. xxix+326. Price US$20.00 paperback
Erasing Culture and Race: Practising ‘self‐determination’1
Authors: Cowlishaw Gillian
Published: February 2015

This paper is an ethnographic exploration of the process heralded by the progressive policies of Aboriginal self‐determination. The discourse of self‐determination was based on anti‐racist ideals and a break with the past. However, state officials did not divest themselves of their cultural baggage, and proceeded by trial and error to implement a program of creating autonomous Aboriginal communities for people of whom they had no knowledge. In attempting to reshape communities there was little recognition of the cultural specificities of the Aboriginal domain let alone the way difference, both as race and as culture, had been constructed and perpetuated in practice. The state erased its own white past. The ordinary practices of state officials became a glass barrier, precluding Aborigines from responding either as expected or as they themselves desired. Neither incompetence, ignorance nor ill‐will is at the root of these failures, but rather the liberal, common sense, anti‐racism which informs the state's refusal to deal with the social realities of history and race. The absence of history and race from anthropology's study of cultural dynamics frames the discussion.
Logging, Women and Submarines: Some Changes in Kamula Men's Access to Transformative Power
Authors: Wood Michael
Published: February 2015

In this paper I describe how, for the Kamula, the productive elicitation of both familiar and modern things often requires access to the transformative capacities of ‘bush spirits’. The Kamula narratives I deal with outline how elements of modernity (such as money, logging, guns) are relocated into the domain of these spirits. By the mediation of these spirits, sometimes disturbing, even dangerous, aspects of modernity are transformed and then productively transferred to Kamula men such that they can apparently more effectively negotiate the new forces that now structure their lives. Through these narrative and magical definitions of agency, Kamula men become complicit in a modernity that is increasingly both the source and negation of their power.
REVIEW
Authors: Tata Greg
Published: February 2015

Maori Music By Mervyn McLean Auckland: Auckland University Press 1996. Pp xii + 417. Price: NZ$59.95 hb
REVIEW
Authors: Pannell Sandra
Published: February 2015

The Woven Land Of Laboya: Socio‐Cosmic Ideas and Values in West Sumba Eastern Indonesia. By Danielle C. Geirnaert‐Martin. Leiden, Centre of Non‐Western Studies, 1992. Pp. xxix +44; Price: DF1. 39.50.
The Traditionalisation of the Maori Meeting House
Authors: Sissons Jeffrey
Published: February 2015

By focusing on two successive phases in the traditionalisation of the Maori meeting house — exhibition and aestheticisation in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and standardisation and tribalisation during the 1930s and 1940s — I seek to illustrate how the diverse projects of national identity, tourist marketing, ethnology and state‐directed rural development converged to displace meeting houses out of time. I argue that while the short‐term effect of this displacement was to suppress developing traditions of oppositional Maori agency this was not the case in the longer term, nor was it always the intention of those engaged in the process.
Solicited and Unsolicited History: The Transformation in Ömie Self‐Presentation
Authors: Rohatynskyj Marta Adrianna
Published: February 2015

The history presented by the Ömie in the pre‐Independence research appears fundamentally different from the history presented by the Ömie in more recent research. The basis for considering these two renditions as analytically equivalent is examined. It is proposed that the justification lies not so much in the content of the two representations as in the negotiations of the terms of the ethnographic encounter which elicited them. It is proposed that these renditions of history are actually the terms of the relationship between the researcher and the informants negotiated in the course of their interaction on two separate occasions.
The Sky Came Down: Social Movements and Personhood in Mekeo Society1
Authors: Bergendorff Steen
Published: February 2015

This paper argues that the Mekeo cargo‐cult centered on a young woman named Filo has to be understood in relation to local models of personhood and Mekeo social organization. It is argued that colonization brought a split between these two spheres of social life causing the movement, while the specific form taken by the movement has to be seen in relation to Mekeo models of personhood. Furthermore, the paper traces the social changes brought about by this movement to present day cargo activities that incorporate God, Jesus, The Virgin Mary and the Saints. Lastly it analyses how these beliefs compete for social hegemony with more traditionalist practices centered around the Mekeo sorcery complex.
REVIEW
Authors: Wilde Charles
Published: February 2015

Neither Cargo nor Cult: Ritual Politics and the Colonial Imagination in Fiji. By Martha Kaplan. Durham: Duke University Press, 1995. Pp. xi + 226. Price $A
REVIEW
Authors: Dussart Françoise
Published: February 2015

Les Jardins du Nomade. By Sylvie Poirier. Münster and Paris: Lit Verlag and CNRS, 1996. Pp. xv + 291.
REVIEW
Authors: Guinness Patrick
Published: February 2015

Fetish Recognition Revolution By James T. Siegel Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press; 1997. Pp. x +275. Price $US 22.50
REVIEW
Authors: van Meijl Toon
Published: February 2015

The Pacific Way: A Memoir By the Right Honourable Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, Center for Pacific Islands Studies (University of Hawai'i) & Pacific Islands Development Program. (East‐West Center), 1997. Pp. xvi + 280, with Foreword, Preface, Figures, Maps, Photos, 7 Appendices, Glossary & Index. Price US$14.95 (pb).
Land and Sea Tenure at Erub, Torres Strait: Property, Sovereignty and the Adjudication of Cultural Continuity
Authors: Scott Colin , Mulrennan Monica
Published: February 2015

Approaching property as social practice, and native title as a confluence of indigenous, ethnographic, and legal discourses, we address two themes: firstly, the ethnocentrism of the state's division of ‘property’ from ‘jurisdiction,’; applied to deny indigenous societies' practice of the latter; and secondly, the contradictions inherent in judicial evaluation of continuity and discontinuity in indigenous law and custom.

We explore the relationship of ‘home place’ to tenure at Erub, where island, reef and ocean comprise a cultural and experiential continuum. Rights across a full spectrum of material/symbolic resources involve a dynamic tension between principles of exclusion and incorporative reciprocity. The issue of how to balance more particular against more collective rights is at play with each nesting of more local into more inclusive socio‐territorial identities: from households and lineages, through island communities, sub‐regional island groups, and Torres Strait regionally, to the encapsulating state and evolving international orders.

At Erub, an island community long regarded as a vanguard of creolization for Torres Strait, newcomers have by‐and‐large been assimilated to indigenous systems of land‐ and sea‐holding and authority. The connection between people and territory is a complex practice of social identities and interests responding to political opportunity, according to cultural forms that manifest substantial and traceable continuities to indigenous arrangements, as innovation has proceeded. The continuities appear sufficient to satisfy criteria for native title recognition as articulated in the Mabo decision, but the criteria themselves are too narrowly based to accommodate the processual dynamics of evolving culture and tradition. A reordering of territorial jurisdiction, predicated on the principle of Islander consent to development activities in their homelands/seas, would provide more authentic conditions for cultural autonomy.
REVIEWS
Authors: Sloane Patricia
Published: February 2015

Reason and Passion. Representations of gender in a Malay society. By Michael G. Peletz. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996. Pp. xiii + 402.
REVIEWS
Authors: Tryon Darrell
Published: February 2015

Grammaire du Futunien By Claire Moyse‐Faurie. Noumea: Coédition Centre de Documentation Pédagogique Nouvelle‐Calédonie & Association Socio‐culturelle de Futuna, Service des Affaires Culturelles de Futuna, 1997. Pp. 240pp.
REVIEWS
Authors: Brady Maggie
Published: February 2015

Dealing with Alcohol. Indigenous Usage in Australia, New Zealand and Canada By Sherry Saggers and Dennis Gray Cambridge University Press, Melbourne 1998. Pp. vii + 240. Price: $29.95 (pb)
Mining Workers or ‘Opportunist’ Tribesmen?: a Tribal Workforce in a Papua New Guinea Mine1
Authors: Imbun Benedict Y.
Published: February 2015

This paper looks at the formation and working of a ‘green mining workforce’ in a Papua New Guinea (PNG) mine. It describes and analyses a group of tribesmen whose entry into the modern wage‐earning workforce has resulted from the establishment of a large mining project in their area. The Porgeran tribesmen2, of the Highlands of PNG have embraced the concept of monetary employment and quickly assimilated into the mining work environment. However, their admission into wage employment has been achieved through a series of personal and workplace challenges, as anticipated of any transitory workforce. The paper discusses those challenges and also takes into consideration the views and perceptions of non‐Porgeran mining workers towards them. Hence, one of the major objectives of this paper is to address the transformation of this tribal people into a modern wage‐earning workforce. It concludes by identifying possible avenues for anthropological studies of such groups of people to record their peculiar perceptions of, and attitudes to, an alien but promising new alternative to their subsistence life style.
REVIEW ESSAY
Authors: Austin‐Broos Diane
Published: February 2015

Rednecks, Eggheads and Blackfellas: a study of racial power and intimacy in Australia. By Gillian Cowlishaw Sydney: Allen and Unwin. 1999. Pp. xix + 352. Figures, Maps, Photos & Index $35
Review
Authors: Yengoyan Aram A.
Published: February 2015

Religious Change, Conversion and Culture Edited by Lynette Olson. Sydney: Sydney Association for Studies in Society and Culture, Number 12, 1996. Pp. vii + 273. Price: $30 pb
Review
Authors: Hamilton Annette
Published: February 2015

White Flower, White Power. From Rations to Citizenship in Central Australia. By Tim Rowse. Cambridge University Press Cambridge, UK; New York; Melbourne. 1998. Pp. xiii + 255. References, Index. Price: A$49.95 hb
Review
Authors: Moller Michael
Published: February 2015

Playing the Man: New Approaches to Masculinity. Edited by Katherine Biber, Tom Sear and Dave Trudinger. Sydney: Pluto Press Aust. Ltd. 1999. Pp. vii + 249. Price: $24.95
Review
Authors: McDowell Christopher
Published: February 2015

East Timor: The Price of Freedom. By John G. Taylor. London: Zed Books. 1999. Pp. xxxvii + 248
Torres Strait and Dawdhay: Dimensions of Self and Otherness on Yam Island1
Authors: Fuary Maureen
Published: February 2015

When Papua New Guinea attained independence two decades ago an absolute distinction was created between Papua New Guinea and the Torres Strait: Papuans were firmly placed in Papua New Guinea territory and Torres Strait Islanders in Australian territory. In constituting themselves as Torres Strait Islanders and more specifically as Australians, Yam Island people's contemporary expressions of their connection to, yet distance from, lowland Papua New Guinea can be best described as ambivalent, pulsing between identification and incorporation, distance and disavowal.

I argue that this ambivalence is not an artefact of the establishment of the border per se, but rather it was through the establishment of the border that a new layer was added to Self and Other constructions by Yam Island people in terms of how they see themselves and their Papuan neighbours. The sometimes fraught nature of this relationship can be understood in light of the continuing socio‐political impacts of these international border lines on people who have recently combined a somewhat legalistic and political definition of themselves, and of Papuans, with perennial extra‐legal definitions. I suggest it is in isolating and exploring domains of interaction that we can see the fluidity and dynamism of Self and Other definitions in operation, and in so doing better appreciate their essential imbrication.
REVIEWS
Authors: Lea Tess
Published: February 2015

Corporate Futures: The Diffusion of the Culturally Sensitive Corporate Man By George E. Marcus. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press. 1998. Pp. vii + 353 Price: US$22 (pb)
Cargo Cult Horror
Authors: Lindstrom Lamont
Published: February 2015

Anthropological analyses of cargo cults offer certain plots alongside ethnographic detail. Many such accounts assume one or the other of three common storylines. Cargo cults have been plotted as bildungsroman, as horror story, and as carnival. Bildungsroman cargo narratives suggest that cargo is good but culting is bad. Carnivalesque accounts reverse this polarity to celebrate culting while disparaging the dangers of cargo. The horror storyline laments both cargo and culting. Over the past fifty years, shifting appreciations of modernity, technology, and progress have reshaped the stories in which cargo cults get accounted: Modernity's cargo bildungsroman has given way to postmodern horror.
Telephones, Cameras and Technology in West New Britain Cargo Cults
Authors: Lattas Andrew
Published: February 2015

In this paper, I explore the creative practices of cargo cult followers in the Kaliai bush of West New Britain. I focus on how rural villagers reworked their experiences of meaning and sociality through their appropriations of western technology. In particular, bush Kaliai cult followers frequently used telephones and cameras in idiosyncratic ways that mapped out anew and redisclosed the spaces occupied by a racialised human existence. Through their novel use of western technology, cult followers struggled to resituate and overcome the new distances and cleavages of modernity by unearthing other ways of being white that came from their customary past and ancestral homelands.
Cargo Cults and Discursive Madness
Authors: Dalton Doug
Published: February 2015

Understood as mimetic portrayals of the image of unlimited good projected by European colonial culture, Melanesian ‘cargo cults’ are therefore viewed as ‘irrational’ within indigenous understandings. Consequently, Western anthropological discourse has sought to functionally normalize and nativize ‘cargo cult’ behaviors at the expense of denying their non‐rational character. The result has been a lexical and semantic uncertainty and explanatory instability in ‘cargo cult’ discourse that can be analyzed as a type of discursive ‘madness.’ A strategy of reading the ‘madness’ of ‘cargo cult’ discourse is outlined and applied to key anthropological texts, in particular Peter Worsley's The Trumpet Shall Sound.
Reviews
Authors: Young Michael W.
Published: February 2015

Phyllis Kaberry and Me: Anthropology, History and Aboriginal Australia. By Sandy Toussaint. Carlton South: Melbourne University Press. 1999. Pp. xiv + 128. Price: $29.95
Introduction
Authors: Cowlishaw Gillian
Published: February 2015

This introduction will consider how these four papers mark new boundaries of an expanding anthropological project both in their theoretical aspirations and their empirical reach. While the papers address quite different questions, each is relevant to the contemporary relationship between anthropology, indigenous people and the Australian nation. To highlight that relevance I will draw on elements of anthropology's history using some of Stanner's observations in the 1950s. In the last section I discuss some contemporary conditions and criticisms of anthropology.
REVIEW
Authors: Paine Robert
Published: February 2015

The Burden of History: Colonialism and the Frontier Myth in a Rural Canadian Community By Elizabeth Furniss Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1999. Pp. xii + 237. Price: Can $ 75.00
Review
Authors: Gummon Margaret
Published: February 2015

The Didjeridu: From Arnhem Land to Internet. Edited by K. Neuenfeldt. Sydney: John Libbey & company Pty Ltd/ Perfect Beat Publications, 1997. Pp. viii+184 Price $ A45.00 H/C $ A29.95 S/C.
Review
Authors: Morris Barry
Published: February 2015

Signifying Identities: Anthropological Perspectives on Boundaries and Contested Values. Edited by Anthony Cohen. London: Routledge 2000. Pp. vi+ 178. Price: £50.00
Irruptions of the Dreamings in Post‐Colonial Australia
Authors: Sansom Basil
Published: February 2015

This essay is written round four ‘funny stories’ from Northern Australia. Metamorphosis instigated by a Dreaming is central to all four stories and this is why the stories are counted as ‘funny,’ and received with glee. The analysis illuminates a topic that has been attracting attention in recent contributions to Aboriginal ethnography: how Dreamings irrupt into contemporary histories and act in ways that have political significance, contesting whitefella paradigms and re‐asserting the world‐view of the original Australians.
Review
Authors: Dussart Françoise
Published: February 2015

Le Corps Humain: Supplicié, Possédé, Cannibalisé, Edited by Maurice Godelier & Michel Panoff. Amsterdam: Editions des Archives Contemporaines, 1998 Pp. 197.
Sacred Soil in Kadavu, Fiji
Authors: Tomlinson Matt
Published: February 2015

In this paper, I consider historical and ethnographic evidence to explain how ‘sacred soil’ becomes an intelligible and palpable reality in Kadavu, Fiji. I begin by describing the fundamental Fijian cultural division between lotu (Methodism, or Christianity more broadly) and vanua (people and land), and argue that these entities are fruitfully considered as Bourdieuan fields whose competition is culturally generative. Examining historians' well‐known work on precolonial land alienation and colonial land tenure codification in Fiji, I note that Methodist missionaries helped add to indigenous Fijians' senses that their land was diminishing or even disappearing. In addition, I examine data from recent fieldwork in Kadavu, particularly discourse about soil's and land's importance and descriptions of a Methodist ritual called the masu sema (‘chain prayer’) in which soil's investiture with mana (efficaciousness) is particularly apparent. Having shown how ‘sacred soil’ becomes both an intelligible and palpable reality, I then argue that we should consider the creative force of friction between lotu and vanua in indigenous Fijian social life generally.
‘Everyone Searches, Everyone Finds’: Moral Discourse and Resource Use in an Indonesian Muslim Community
Authors: Winn Phillip
Published: February 2015

In the Banda Islands, understandings of tanah (land/earth) draw on a vision of emplaced moral order linked to idealised forms of sociality. Islam provides a fundamental idiom through which these are envisaged by local Muslims. The everyday rigours seen as a concomitant with being Muslim provide a means through which a population of in‐migrants is able to actively engage the spirits of autochthonous founder‐figures as the ontological ‘source’ of locality. This has implications for conceiving the legitimate terms of sovereignty which may compete, but are not necessarily always at odds, with those disseminated by government authorities. Though examining the activities of residents in respect to key resources, particularly ideas if theft, generosity and equality of access, local conceptions of moral community and its relation to diverse sources of governmentality are explored. A critical aspect of local subjectivity emerges as the operation of moral governmentality which involves the management of the subject through its constitution as an agent in relation to others (Foucault 1997:300).
REVIEW
Authors: Otto Ton
Published: February 2015

Guardians of Marovo Lagoon. Practice, Place, and Politics in Maritime Melanesia. By Edvard Hviding Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 1996 xxix + 473Pp. Price: US$45
REVIEW
Authors: Layton Robert
Published: February 2015

Native Title and the Transformation of Archaeology in the Postcolonial World (Oceania monograph 50). Edited By Ian Lilley. Sydney: Oceania Publications. 2000. Pp. v+ 180. Price: $47.30
Daily, Immediate Conflicts: an Analysis of Villagers' Arguments about a Multinational Nickel Mining Project in New Caledonia1
Authors: Horowitz Leah
Published: February 2015

Local communities are not the homogenous entities, unanimously opposed to industrial development, that academic and popular literature often portray them to be. In this paper, I discuss my research in New Caledonian villages near a potential mining project. I analyse the diversity of individuals' responses to industrial activities, the intra‐community conflicts that this development triggered or exacerbated, and the discourses that people implemented to support their positions. Specifically, people's statements — and, presumably, beliefs — about dangers from ecological damage and ancestral anger reflected their expectations of the project's consequences for their sub‐group's social status. I argue that, through their interactions with the mining company, what many if not most of these villagers primarily sought was respect of their social positions and control of their own destinies. They especially aspired to determine what happened to their land, the source of their identity and dignity.
REVIEW
Authors: Tonkinwise Cameron
Published: February 2015

Tree Leaf Talk: A Heideggerian Anthropology By James F. Weiner Oxford: Berg, 2001 pp. xv +190
REVIEW
Authors: Crocombe Ron
Published: February 2015

The Pacific Islands: An Encyclopedia. Edited By Brij Lal and Kate Fortune. Honolulu, University of Hawai'i Press. 2000. Pp. xxxvi + 664 + CD‐ROM. Price US$115 (cloth).
The Story of Jimmy: the Practice of History on North Pentecost, Vanuatu1
Authors: Taylor John P.
Published: February 2015

The Story of Jimmy is a frequently told oral‐historical account of ‘first contact’ from North Pentecost, Vanuatu. It describes the adventures of a group of ni‐Vanuatu plantation labourers who escape from Fiji by hijacking a ship and navigate a return to their home islands in Vanuatu. Central to the story is a young white man, known simply as Jimmy. Unwittingly forced to make the journey with them, and before they are all finally shipwrecked on the east coast of North Pentecost, Jimmy witnesses the murder and cannibalisation of his father by the starving hijackers. Yet upon departing for home some four years later he bestows a new name upon the Island: Uretabe, the ‘world of love/gifts’. This story, with its dual‐inverted narrative of abduction, transformation, escape and return, presents a remarkable account at a unique moment of historical rupture and cross‐cultural exchange. In doing so it also expresses idiomatic themes of mobility, place and identity as they relate to the politics of both the colonial past and postcolonial present in North Pentecost. This paper explores those themes and narratives while considering their relevance to my own experiences as a researcher in the area.
The Bugiau Community at Eight‐Mile: An Urban Settlement in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Barber Keith
Published: February 2015

Contrary to the popular tendency to scapegoat and demonize urban settlements in Papua New Guinea the trend among academics has been to normalize their existence. There is however little detailed information upon which to base either view. This paper reviews existing studies of urban settlements in Papua New Guinea and finds a lacuna of information on basic livelihood functions. On the basis of a household survey and general observations made during a four‐week period of residence in an urban settlement in Port Moresby, it presents data on household composition, employment, income, expenditure and social identity for one urban settlement. The picture presented describes a way of life that does not support popular stereotypes.
Review
Authors: McCall Grant
Published: February 2015

The new shape of old island cultures. A half century of social change in Micronesia. By Francis X. Hezel, S.J. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press 2001 Pp. xii + 199
Christianity, Tradition, and Everyday Modernity: Towards an Anatomy of Women's Groupings in Melanesia
Authors: Douglas Bronwen
Published: February 2015

This paper approaches its central theme of women's groupings in Melanesia via critique of several longstanding shibboleths, including examples of their strategic appropriation by indigenous people. These stereotypes include the romantic image of rural dwellers as pre‐modern traditionalists on whom Christianity is an imposed foreign veneer; the hoary rhetorical opposition of ‘West’ and ‘non‐West’/modernity and tradition/individual and community; and the pervasive essentialization of Melanesian women as ‘naturally’ family‐oriented, communitarian, and less individualistic and competitive than men. Seeking patterns in regional diversity and fragmentation, the paper examines cultural, historical, and structural correlates of a wide range of women's groupings, including National Councils of Women, church women's organizations, and the largely self‐financed local church fellowship groups which are growing steadily in number and significance in the virtual absence of effective state institutions. Increasingly, women's groupings are complementing their traditional Christian spiritual, domestic, and welfare concerns with attention to global feminist, human rights, and ecological issues which are often reworked locally into scarcely recognizable shapes. Eschewing romanticization, the paper considers the potential and the problems of women's groupings in male‐dominated Melanesia, including women's own divisions and their typical aversion to assuming public responsibilities.
Review
Authors: Tomlinson Matt
Published: February 2015

Fiji Before the Storm: Elections and the Politics of Development Edited by Brij V. Lal. Canberra: Asia Pacific Press at the Australian National University. 2000. Pp. xii + 205. Price: $A32.
Review
Authors: Strathern Andrew , Stewart Pamela J.
Published: February 2015

Inscribed Landscapes: Marking and Making Place Edited by Bruno David and Meredith Wilson. Hawai'i: University of Hawai'i Press. 2002. Pp. viii + 303. Price: US$55 (cloth).
Egos and Ogres: Aspects of Psychosexual Development and Cannibalistic Demons in Central Australia
Authors: Eickelkamp Ute
Published: February 2015

The paper explores from a psychoanalytic point of view some of the many ethnographic references to cannibalistic figures in Aboriginal societies of the Central and Western parts of Australia. The purpose is to show how dynamics of splitting originating in early infancy (love‐aggression, incorporation‐expulsion, inside‐outside, self‐other) continue to exist in culture‐specific expressions of cannibalistic fantasies and incestuous desires.
Review
Authors: Hirsch Eric
Published: February 2015

Critically Modern: alternatives, alterities, anthropologies Edited by Bruce Knauft Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2002. Pp. 344 Price: US4 54.95 (Cloth); US$21.95 (Paper)
Review
Authors: Dominy Michele
Published: February 2015

Voyaging through the contemporary Pacific Edited by David Hanlon and Geoffrey M. White Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc. 2000. Pp.xii + 443 Price: US$26.95 (pb); US$90.00 (cl)
Turning the Spirits into Witchcraft: Pentecostalism in Fijian Villages1
Authors: Newland Lynda
Published: February 2015

Since Independence in 1970, Pentecostal churches have undergone unprecedented growth in Fiji. They claim to revive and purify Christianity and openly demonise many traditional ideas and practices that have been incorporated into the teachings and practices of the indigenous orthodox church of Methodism. The repercussions are that families with pre‐Christian esoteric knowledges are now perceived as cursed and therefore more likely to suffer illness and early death. Moreover, according to the Pentecostal churches, these conditions can only be healed by converting to Pentecostalism. However, in the villages, this conversion also brings conflict and sometimes splits villages completely, as in the case with a village on Beqa Island, or results in violence, as in the case of a village in Naitasiri. Both cases are discussed in this paper.
Traditional Fijian Apology as a Political Strategy
Authors: Cretton Viviane
Published: February 2015

This paper is a reflection upon tradition in Fiji, taking up the question of a controversial ceremony of apology during the 2000 Fijian crisis. A subject of dispute, as much for the social actors as for anthropologists, the notion of tradition that I piece together appears as just such an object of negotiation — between interlocutors but equally between they and the anthropologist. While stressing articulations between customary and constitutional rights, it also highlights the personal and collective strategies that are hidden behind a conflict said to be ethnic, and in the construction of Fijian nationalism.
‘Smoke in the Hills, Gunfire in the Valley’: War and Peace in Western Highlands, Papua New Guinea
Authors: Henry Rosita
Published: February 2015

The paper discusses accounts of recent tribal fighting and peacemaking processes in the Nebilyer Valley, Western Highlands, Papua New Guinea. My analysis is based on interviews conducted in January 2000 with Ganiga, and other peoples, who featured in Connolly and Anderson's film ‘Black Harvest’. I examine different strategies of peacemaking and peacekeeping employed in relation to the Nebilyer war, particularly the efforts of local Christian church representatives. I also explore how people in the Nebilyer Valley, construct particular events as significant, and the relevance of these constructions in processes of peace making.
Review
Authors: Metcalf Peter
Published: February 2015

‘Never Stand Alone’: A Study of Borneo Sociality by Christine Helliwell Phillips, ME: Borneo Research Council. 2001 Pp: xiv + 279 Price US $35
Women's Gift‐Fish and Sociality in the Torres Strait, Australia
Authors: Lahn Julie
Published: February 2015

This paper argues that women's everyday practice of sharing fish at Warraber Island (Torres Strait) can be understood as a form of moral transaction. Gift‐fish are shown to be ‘socially entangled’, a fundamental mode of expressing kin relatedness as well as providing an indication of the current state of such relations. Fish distribution is portrayed locally as both an instance of generosity and of obligation, demonstrating a person's desire to engage in socially valued behaviour or correct their past failings. Importantly, I suggest that fish‐giving (and receiving) has a distinctly generational character, carrying different emphases across one's life‐span. The paper reflects on the tensions involved in strategic efforts by women to reconcile their limited capacity to meet expectations from a wide range of kin and neighbours, while affirming idealised visions of communally shared moral values.
Repeated Reading as a Method to Improve Reading Fluency for Struggling Adolescent Readers
Authors: Guerin Anne , Murphy Brian
Published: February 2015

This paper examines the implications of a seven‐week programme of repeated readings on the fluency levels of three struggling adolescent readers. The study focused from a broad conceptualization of fluency which recognizes that practice and assessment should address all components of fluency, i.e., prosody and comprehension, as well as rate and accuracy. In keeping with this broad understanding of fluency, the methodology used included multiple assessment measures and a range of qualitative data gathered from the three adolescent participants throughout the seven‐week programme. The limitations of fluency practice which fails to address a complex definition of fluency emerge as significant. The findings indicate that success also lies in the potential of instructional programmes to enable students to uncover meaning in text by becoming more strategic when reading, both orally and silently, through increased levels of self‐directed learning.
Identifying the Independent Sources of Consumption Variation
Authors: Barigozzi Matteo , Moneta Alessio
Published: February 2015

By representing a system of budget shares as an approximate factor model we determine its rank, i.e. the number of common functional forms or factors, and we estimate a base of the factor space by means of approximate principal components. We assume that the extracted factors span the same space of basic Engel curves representing the fundamental forces driving consumers' behaviour. We identify these curves by imposing statistical independence and by studying their dependence on total expenditure using local linear regressions. We prove consistency of the estimates. Using data from the UK Family Expenditure Survey from 1977 to 2006, we find strong evidence of two common factors and mixed evidence of a third factor. These are identified as decreasing, increasing, and almost constant Engel curves. The household consumption behaviour is therefore driven by two factors respectively related to necessities (e.g. food), luxuries (e.g. vehicles), and in some cases by a third factor related to goods to which is allocated the same percentage of total budget both by rich and poor households (e.g. housing). Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maintaining polarization in polarimetric multiphoton microscopy
Authors: Bélanger Erik , Turcotte Raphaël , Daradich Amy , Sadetsky Grégory , Gravel Pierre , Bachand Karine , De Koninck Yves , Côté Daniel C.
Published: February 2015

Polarimetric measurements in multiphoton microscopy can reveal information about the local molecular order of a sample. However, the presence of a dichroic through which the excitation beam propagates will generally scramble its polarization. We propose a simple scheme whereby a second properly‐oriented compensation dichroic is used to negate any alteration regardless of the wavelength and the initial polarization. We demonstrate how this robust and rapid approach simplifies polarimetric measurements in second‐harmonic generation, two‐photon excited fluorescence and coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering.

Illustration of the polarization maintaining strategy with the compensating dichroic oriented such that its s‐ and p‐axes are interchanged with these of the primary dichroic.

magnified image

Illustration of the polarization maintaining strategy with the compensating dichroic oriented such that its s‐ and p‐axes are interchanged with these of the primary dichroic.
Mechanism of intracellular detection of glucose through nonenzymatic and boronic acid functionalized carbon dots
Authors: Kiran S. , Misra R. D. K.
Published: February 2015

The objective of the research described here is to elucidate the fundamental mechanism by which the new class of “inert” non‐enzymatic and boronic acid functionalized carbon dots‐based sensors facilitate intracellular detection of glucose. The study suggests that the mechanism of detection of glucose involved selective assembly and fluorescence quenching of the carbon dots with excellent dynamic response to varying concentration of glucose within the biological range (1–100 mM). The strong dynamic response was related to high selectivity to biomolecules and inertness of carbon dots. Furthermore, the functionalization of carbon dots with boronic acid was the governing factor response for the passive character of the carbon dots. The study lays the foundation for the new field of carbon‐based nanochemosensors. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 2888–2897, 2015.
Individual inconsistencies in basal and summit metabolic rate highlight flexibility of metabolic performance in a wintering passerine
Authors: Cortés Pablo Andrés , Petit Magali , Lewden Agnès , Milbergue Myriam , Vézina François
Published: February 2015

Resident passerines inhabiting high latitude environments are faced with strong seasonal changes in thermal conditions and energy availability. Summit metabolic rate (maximal metabolic rate elicited by shivering during cold exposure: Msum) and basal metabolic rate (BMR) vary in parallel among seasons and increase in winter due to cold acclimatization, and these adjustments are thought to be critical for survival. Wintering individuals expressing consistently higher Msum and BMR could therefore be seen as better performers with higher chances of winter survival than those exhibiting lower metabolic performance. In this study, we calculated repeatability to evaluate temporal consistency of body mass, BMR and Msum within and across three consecutives winters in black‐capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus). We found that body mass was significantly repeatable both within and across winters (R 0.51–0.90). BMR (R 0.29–0.47) was only repeatable within winter while Msum was repeatable both among (R 0.33–0.49) and within winters (R 0.33–0.49) with the magnitude and significance of repeatability in both variables depending on the year and whether they were corrected for body mass or body size. The patterns of repeatability observed among years also differed between the two variables. Our findings suggest that the relative ranking of individuals in winter metabolic performance is affected by local ecological conditions and can change within relatively short periods of time. J. Exp. Zool. 323A: 179–190, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.