bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expériences et motifs de décrochage scolaire : entre rejet de l’école et quête du travail rémunéré
Authors: Bernard Pierre-Yves , Michaut Christophe
Published: September 2021

Cet article propose d’explorer la parole des jeunes en situation de décrochage scolaire à partir du matériau fourni par une enquête auprès d’environ 3 000 individus. L’exploitation des données (analyse de données textuelles, classifications, modélisations statistiques) permet de dégager des résultats significatifs. Le décrochage scolaire est fréquemment vécu comme la continuité d’une expérience scolaire négative, plutôt que comme une rupture accidentelle de parcours ; il traduit des expériences scolaires diverses, qui se différencient en fonction des acquis scolaires et du rapport à l’institution scolaire. Ces expériences sont variables en fonction du genre, du milieu social d’origine et du parcours scolaire, et elles ont un effet sur les perspectives de raccrochage et sur l’insertion professionnelle.
Métropolisation, mobilités et décrochage scolaire chez les jeunes
Authors: Checcaglini Agnès , Caro Patrice
Published: September 2021

Une appréhension de l’espace social des jeunes décrocheurs, de leurs pratiques spatiales et de leur espace vécu par le biais de l’analyse de leurs mobilités résidentielles permet d’établir que ces jeunes décrocheurs ont un rapport à l’espace et à leur territoire qui n’est pas très différent de celui des autres jeunes plus diplômés puisque la métropolisation et l’exode rural influencent leurs mobilités. Ce résultat est nuancé selon le genre et la région d’origine et d’accueil des jeunes décrocheurs. La mobilité de ces derniers âgés de 16 à 24 ans est plus précoce que celle des autres jeunes, et des effets régionaux jouent sur cette mobilité.
Entre décrochage et décohabitation précoce, l’expérience d’une jeunesse « déviante »
Authors: Masy James , Tenailleau Nadège
Published: September 2021

Parmi les grandes transformations qui ont reconfiguré le poids de l’école dans la société française, deux sont particulièrement intéressantes à considérer dans les études sur le décrochage : l’accès au diplôme devenu une norme et la remise en cause du processus anthropologique du passage à l’âge adulte. L’intrication de ces deux transformations rend compte d’une expérience de la jeunesse structurée autour d’un long et progressif accès à l’indépendance. Si l’entrée dans ce processus est le plus souvent marquée par la décohabitation du domicile parental, le manque de diplôme et les difficultés d’entrée sur le marché du travail la freinent, le décrochage favorisant de facto une dépendance au milieu familial et le maintien dans le foyer d’origine. En articulant ces champs trop peu souvent traités conjointement, nous souhaitons interroger l’expérience tout à fait singulière de celles et ceux qui, en situation de décrochage ou décrocheurs et sans emploi, décohabitent malgré tout. Un choix qui constitue les prémices d’une expérience de la rue. Cet article vise en premier lieu à enrichir les connaissances sur une population encore trop méconnue du fait de la difficulté à la capter, mais aussi à saisir la manière dont s’articulent ces deux processus ainsi que les conséquences qui en découlent.
Climat du lycée et risque de décrochage scolaire : le cas des élèves en orientation contrainte
Authors: Bell Lucy
Published: September 2021

Cet article propose d’étudier l’effet de lycées professionnels d’accueil sur l’expérience de jeunes en orientation contrainte, en particulier le lien entre le climat de ces établissements et le risque de décrochage scolaire de ces jeunes. Une enquête par questionnaire a été menée auprès de 376 individus, trois à cinq ans après leur orientation de fin de troisième. À travers trois modèles d’analyse, les résultats de l’enquête confirment la corrélation importante entre orientation contrainte et décrochage scolaire, tout en soulignant que le climat du lycée d’accueil peut influer sur ce lien, ainsi que sur le vécu par les jeunes de cette orientation contrainte.
Les devoirs à la maison en classe de 5e. Quelles modalités de travail et quelles logiques d’action pour quels résultats scolaires ?
Authors: Grimault-Leprince Agnès , Faggianelli Daniel
Published: September 2021

Les recherches sur le travail hors école pour l’école ont montré la contribution des « devoirs à la maison » au creusement des inégalités sociales de réussite, notamment en analysant l’accompagnement par les parents des apprentissages premiers. Mais l’essentiel des recherches sur le contexte français porte sur le primaire, et les stratégies de travail des élèves du secondaire restent peu renseignées. À partir d’une enquête auprès de 1 685 élèves de 5e, cet article étudie la différenciation du temps et des formes de travail hors école des collégiens et établit cinq profils de travail. Ceux-ci mettent en évidence des réponses des élèves aux demandes professorales très hétérogènes et inégalement rentables en termes de résultats scolaires.
Didactique des mathématiques et neurosciences cognitives : une analyse des contributions à la recherche sur l’apprentissage d’un contenu scolaire
Authors: Roditi Éric , Noûs Camille
Published: September 2021

Les chercheurs en neurosciences cognitives investissent de plus en plus la recherche en éducation et l’espace médiatique dédié aux questions éducatives. Dans un tel contexte, cet article propose une étude comparative d’un ensemble de recherches, toutes dédiées à l’apprentissage d’un même contenu scolaire : la comparaison des nombres décimaux. Ces recherches s’inscrivent en didactique des mathématiques ou en neurosciences cognitives. Leur mise en regard fait apparaître des différences sensibles quant aux objectifs scientifiques des auteurs et à la portée des résultats pour le milieu éducatif. Les analyses débouchent sur la question récurrente de la complémentarité des disciplines dans le champ de la recherche en éducation.
Suivre une trace, ressentir une ambiance
Authors: Torterat Gwendoline
Published: September 2021

Fouillés par André Leroi-Gourhan et son équipe, les grottes et abris-sous-roche d’Arcy-sur-Cure (Bourgogne, France) constituent un ensemble de sites préhistoriques exceptionnellement riches pour cette région. Grâce au témoignage des fouilleurs qui y ont travaillé entre 1946 et 1963, cet article propose de restituer ce qu’implique l’exploration de ce type de milieu à la fois naturel et anthropisé. Si le monde souterrain présente des qualités a priori hostiles, il n’a jamais empêché les humains de s’y engouffrer pour y vivre les expériences sensibles si particulières qu’il offre, et ce, dès les époques les plus anciennes du Paléolithique. L’archéologie rend compte d’une partie de leurs activités sous terre, notamment par une démarche expérimentale qui consiste à reconstituer leurs comportements techniques (savoir-faire, traditions techniques, etc.), à mieux cerner leurs choix, leurs modes de vie à partir des quelques vestiges conservés. Quant à l’anthropologie sociale, elle les actualise en enquêtant sur les sentiments que nos contemporains y ressentent. Ce double régime de temporalité met en perspective l’expérience souterraine et les relations que les humains établissent avec le milieu particulier des cavernes.
Concept, Subject, Goal, and Tasks of Social Pedagogy
Authors: Nkopodi Nkopodi
Published: September 2021

This chapter introduces the concept of social pedagogy. It further explains different perspectives from which social pedagogy is seen. This is done by using practical, simple, everyday situations to introduce the concept and then introducing the reader to a scholarly understanding of social pedagogy by looking at different definitions of the concept. Scientists tend to position social pedagogy differently in different countries, resulting in different definitions. These differences are clarified and what they have in common explained. The goals and purpose of social pedagogy are explained and related to different human experiences. Finally, recommendations are made on how social pedagogy can be developed further.
Place of Social Pedagogy in the System of Science
Authors: Lebeloane Lazarus D. M. Oupa
Published: September 2021

This chapter discusses the place of social pedagogy in the system of science. It is part of the general pedagogical discipline that deals with socialization problems from a pedagogical perspective. These problems include continuous cultural and social changes within families from childhood to adulthood. These changes are influenced by people's modern and post-modern lifestyles as individuals and collectively. They are further coupled with the challenges of crises of giving meaning to lifestyles, as well as the problems of exposing and bringing up children and the youth within set ethics, morals, norms, and values. The place of social pedagogy in the system of science is discussed from an educational perspective, psychological science, and other sciences, such as anthropology, ecology, history, philosophy, and sociology. A conclusion is drawn and it is followed by research questions.
Historical Development of Social Pedagogy
Authors: Lebeloane Lazarus D. M. Oupa
Published: September 2021

Every field of study and/or subject has its history. Not knowing the historical development deprives whoever is studying that subject from knowing its strengths and weaknesses. That includes factors that contribute to its theory, such as the ideological perspectives, frames of reference, social significance, present status, and position in the system of science. That is why it is important that every social pedagogue, educator, social worker, and other experts who engage in education and educational work know the roots, the development, and today's state of social pedagogy as a science; it is important for anyone involved in research and practical work to improve its theory and practice and to enrich and improve it. This chapter discusses the historical development of social pedagogy. In focusing on its development, Natorpo's concept of social pedagogy is discussed, and the path of developing social pedagogy after World War II in other parts of the world, such as Croatia, is highlighted. After this focus, a conclusion is reached.
Classification of Social Problems With Regard to Educational Environments
Authors: Karačić Marija J.
Published: September 2021

Educational environments in which the upbringing of children and young people is performed are very important as factors of upbringing. In order to create organizational, personal, material, and professional prerequisites for proper family education, preschool education, and leisure education, it is necessary to have appropriate analysis of this phenomenon. From the research of this problem, it can be concluded that family education does not take place adequately, that in certain situations there is still not enough attention paid by professional institutions to educate parents as educators. A large number of children and young people have difficulties in the process of their socialization and in communication, etc. negatively selected from the educational system. The study of contributing factors is very important and significant both for professionals and other educators.
Problems That Accompany School Education for Combating Socio-Pathological Behaviors
Authors: Kadum Sandra
Published: September 2021

Going to school today means living a creative life worthy of a young man. The school is a living community of students, teachers, and parents. Problems arising from the school environment are very common today and are present at all levels of education. The pursuit of a quality, free, and democratic school has become a reality in many parts of the world, but due to the complexity of certain curricula, and rigorous assessment techniques, schools are sometimes still a place of coercion to learn. It is especially important to know the prerequisites for proper school education, the problems faced by students, and the measures that can be taken to prevent, reduce, or eliminate them. In order for school education to be realized in accordance with positive educational outcomes, it is necessary to organize, realize, and monitor its outcomes and results in an appropriate manner.
Other Forms of Sociopathic Manifestations
Authors: Tomić Ruža
Published: September 2021

Juvenile delinquency, abuse, and addictions are among the very serious problems of the modern world. They are becoming more frequent every day and appear among the younger categories of children and youth, with increasingly destructive forms and manifestations. The community seeks ways and takes measures to prevent these socio-pathological phenomena, with the aim of reducing or preventing them altogether. In order to succeed, social pedagogical theory and practice are constantly being improved and enriched, and they offer new contributions that can help in the constructive resolution of these painful social phenomena. Their spread degrades the personality of the individual and the whole social community, and this leaves lasting and far-reaching consequences. Only by getting to know and having insight into all the above aspects of these socio-pathological phenomena will it be possible to create and offer organized professional activity in their transformation.
Prevention and Rehabilitation of Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Jakovljevic Maria , Buckley Sheryl
Published: September 2021

Behavioral disorders are progressively affecting all categories of pedagogues and educators and all strata of society with prevalently diverse manifestations and gaining the characteristics of an epidemic. It is especially important that future social pedagogues and other professionals contribute to solving socio-pathological problems. This chapter presents solutions and recommendations for behavioral problems detected amongst children and youths. Early uncovering and diagnosis of behavioral disorders is of outmost importance for prevention, rehabilitation, and elimination. The chapter examines the role of the family, the role of the school, and school professional services in the prevention and eradication of behavioral disorders. This chapter further explores the prevention measures to counteract and stop juvenile delinquency and to deal with effective rehabilitation early. This chapter will contribute to the acquisition of knowledge about current prevention programs, getting to know the etymology and measures of prevention, detection, and rehabilitation of the same.
Raising People With Special Needs
Authors: Tomić Ruža
Published: September 2021

All social communities strive to take care of the development, upbringing, and education of children deprived of parental care. The reasons for denial of parental care for children are known in theory and practice: death of parents due to war, natural death of one or both parents, loss of parents due to accident, illness, inability to care for the child, abandonment of children by parents, and other reasons. These children are included in the category of children without parental care and become a subject of social care. If they feel a lack of natural parental care, they can go on the crime route and start dealing with crime. Crime is a complex social phenomenon that, because of its dangers and the consequences it leaves for the individual and the social community, is studied from various aspects.
Social Pathologies
Authors: Giannakopoulos Apostolos , Buckley Sheryl Beverley , Loock Marianne
Published: September 2021

Social pathologies have been recognised to be very complex problems as they affect the individual's psychology as well as his/her body. As a result, they have been approached from a normativist way as well as a naturist way by considering society as an organic or normative entity. There is no consensus whether social pathologies are the result of social ills that affect the individual or the reverse. Whichever way one approaches them, they are there, and a social pedagogue is the key to alleviating or minimising the impact of such pathologies on the individual and society at large. His/her role in making such valuable contribution can not be disputed. Due to a great number of factors that give rise to such pathologies as they are context and content dependent, one size does not fit all. It is the social pedagogue that has to act in a prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic way and thus his/her role needs to be clearly defined.
Development of Fuzzy Pattern Recognition Model for Underground Metal Mining Method Selection
Authors: Balusa Bhanu Chander , Gorai Amit Kumar
Published: September 2021

Selection of underground metal mining method is a crucial task for the mining industry to excavate the ore deposit with proper safety and economy. The objective of the proposed study is to demonstrate the application of a fuzzy pattern recognition model for the decision-making of the most favourable underground metal mining method for a typical ore deposit. The model considers eight factors (shape, depth, dip, rock mass rating [RMR] of ore zone, RMR of footwall, RMR of hanging wall, thickness of the ore body, grade distribution), which influence the mining method, as input variables. The weights of these factors were determined using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The study used the pair-wise comparison method to determine the relative membership degrees of qualitative and quantitative criteria as well as weights of the criteria set. The model validation was done with the deposit characteristics of Uranium Corporation of India Limited (UCIL), Tummalapalle mine selected. The weighted distances for easiest to adopt are found to be 0.1436, 0.0230, 0.0497, 0.2085, 0.0952, 0.1228, and 0.1274, respectively, for block caving, sublevel stoping, sublevel caving, room and pillar, shrinkage stoping, cut and fill stoping, and squares set stoping. The results indicate that the room and pillar mining method is having the maximum weighted distance value for the given ore deposit characteristics and thus assigned the first rank. It was observed that the mining method selected using fuzzy pattern recognition model and the actual mining method adopted to extract the ore deposit are the same.
Spatial-Temporal Feature-Based Sports Video Classification
Authors: Wang Zengkai
Published: September 2021

Video classification has been an active research field of computer vision in last few years. Its main purpose is to produce a label that is relevant to the video given its frames. Unlike image classification, which takes still pictures as input, the input of video classification is a sequence of images. The complex spatial and temporal structures of video sequence incur understanding and computation difficulties, which should be modeled to improve the video classification performance. This work focuses on sports video classification but can be expanded into other applications. In this paper, the authors propose a novel sports video classification method by processing the video data using convolutional neural network (CNN) with spatial attention mechanism and deep bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network with temporal attention mechanism. The method first extracts 28 frames from each input video and uses the classical pre-trained CNN to extract deep features, and the spatial attention mechanism is applied to CNN features to decide ‘where' to look. Then the BiLSTM is utilized to model the long-term temporal dependence between video frame sequences, and the temporal attention mechasim is employed to decide ‘when' to look. Finally, the label of the input video is given by the classification network. In order to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method, an extensive experimental investigation was conducted on the open challenging sports video datasets of Sports8 and Olympic16; the results show that the proposed CNN-BiLSTM network with spatial temporal attention mechanism can effectively model the spatial-temporal characteristics of video sequences. The average classification accuracy of the Sports8 is 98.8%, which is 6.8% higher than the existing method. The average classification accuracy of 90.46% is achieved on Olympic16, which is about 18% higher than the existing methods. The performance of the proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Rare and Endangered Plant Leaf Identification Method Based on Transfer Learning and Knowledge Distillation
Authors: Wu Lin , Yang Jingjing , Gu Zhihao , Guo Jiaqian , Zhang Xiao
Published: September 2021

Considering the limited sample size of rare and endangered plant leaves and the issue that leaf identification is mainly conducted using mobile smart devices and other technology with low computing power, this paper proposes a rare and endangered plant leaf identification method based on transfer learning and knowledge distillation. Following the expansion of data sets containing rare and endangered plant leaves, the last fully connected layer was replaced with trained Alexnet, VGG16, GoogLeNet, and ResNet models to conduct transfer learning, and realized a relatively high success rate in identifying images of these species. Then, knowledge distillation was utilized to transfer Alexnet, VGG16, GoogLeNet, and ResNet models into a lightweight model. The experiment results indicate that, compared with other methods, the lightweight rare and endangered plant identification model trained with the methods described in this paper was not only more accurate but also less complex than its alternatives.
Survey of Human Gait Analysis and Recognition for Medical and Forensic Applications
Authors: Jana Shantanu , Das Nibaran , Basu Subhadip , Nasipuri Mita
Published: September 2021

Gait is a behavioural biometric which sometimes changes due to diseases but it is still a strong identification metric that is widely used in forensic works, state biometric preserve sectors, and medical laboratories. Gait analysis sometimes helps to identify person’s present mental state which reflects on physiological therapy for improved biological system. There are various gait measurement forms which expand the research area from crime detection to medical enhancement. Many research works have been done so far for gait recognition. Many researchers focused on skeleton image of people to extract gait features and many worked on stride length. Various sensors have been used to detect gait in various light forms. This paper is a brief survey of works on gait recognition, collected from various sources of science and technology literature. We have discussed few efficient models that worked best as well as we have discussed about few data sets available.
A Two-Stage Registration Method for Dental Volumetric Data and Mesh Data
Authors: Yang Shuai , Shi Wenjing , Ke Yongzhen , Xue Yongjiang
Published: September 2021

Dental computed tomography (CT) images and optical surface scan data are widely used in dental computer-aided design systems. Registration is essential if they are used in software systems. Existing automatic registration methods are either time-consuming or rough, and interactive registration methods are experience-dependent and tedious because of a great deal of purely manual interactions. For overcoming these disadvantages, a two-stage registration method is proposed. In the rough registration stage, the rough translation and rotation matrices are obtained by applying unit quaternion based method on the points interactively selected from the two types of data. In the precise registration stage, the stridden sampling is used to reduce computational complexity and the proposed registration algorithm with scale transformation is used for precise registration. The proposed method offers a good trade-off between precision and time cost. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method provides faster convergence and smaller registration errors than existing methods.
Classification of Parkinson Disease Based on Analysis and Synthesis of Voice Signal
Authors: Mittal Vikas , Sharma R. K.
Published: September 2021

The most important application of voice profiling is pathological voice detection. Parkinson's disease is a chronic neurological degenerative disease affecting the central nervous system responsible for essentially progressive evolution movement disorders. 70% to 90% of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients show an affected voice. This paper proposes a methodology for PD based on acoustic, glottal, physical, and electrical parameters. The results show that the acoustic parameter is more important in the case of Parkinson’s disease as compared to glottal and physical parameters. The authors achieved 97.2% accuracy to differentiate Parkinson and healthy voice using jitter to pitch ratio proposed algorithm. The Authors also proposed an algorithm of poles calculation of the vocal tract to find formants of the vocal tract. Further, formants are used for finding the transfer function of vocal tract filter. In the end, the authors suggested parameters of the electrical vocal tract model are also changed in the case of PD voices.
Blockchain Application Design and Algorithms for Traceability in Pharmaceutical Supply Chain
Authors: Bali Vikram , Soni Pawan , Khanna Tejaswi , Gupta Shivam , Chauhan Shivi , Gupta Shivani
Published: September 2021

Blockchain technology has garnered attention from stakeholders in many domains, including healthcare, governance and supply chain management. In the context of healthcare, traceability of pharmaceutical drugs in a transparent yet secure manner can be made faster and efficient with blockchain. This paper presents a blockchain based solution for traceability known as PharmaChain. The traceability is achieved with application design and algorithms which are proposed in the work. The proposed application can be developed using hyperledger fabric deployed on dockers. The chain codes are written in javascript. The pharmaceutical blockchain proposed in this work consists of manufacturer, wholesaler, retailer and consumer. The right for registering a drug into the blockchain is granted to the manufacturers only and the ownership transfer of the drug is stored. This paper highlights the traceability of ownership transfer of the drug and validates its origin.
Analysis and Design Process for Predicting and Controlling Blood Glucose in Type 1 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Gambo Ishaya Peni , Massenon Rhodes , Kolawole Babatope A. , Ikono Rhoda
Published: September 2021

Engineering smart software that can monitor, predict, and control blood glucose is critical to improving patients' quality of treatments with type 1 Diabetic Mellitus (T1DM). However, ensuring a reasonable glycemic level in diabetic patients is quite challenging, as many methods do not adequately capture the complexities involved in glycemic control. This problem introduces a new level of complexity and uncertainty to the patient's psychological state, thereby making this problem nonlinear and unobservable. In this paper, we formulated a mathematical model using carbohydrate counting, insulin requirements, and the Harris-Benedict energy equations to establish the framework for predicting and controlling blood glucose level regulation in T1DM. We implemented the framework and evaluated its performance using root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) on a case study. Our framework had less error rate in terms of RMSE and MAE, which indicates a better fit with reasonable accuracy.
Application of Pedagogical Information Technologies in the Educational Process of Universities in Uzbekistan
Authors: Ulugov Bazar Dzhumaevich , Kasimov Shavkat Urolovich
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the formation of students' information competence in the study of discipline technical mechanics. This document provides a systematic review of models and methodologies that combine modern teaching technologies, innovations, and applied programs in technical education. The article shows the relevance of the development of students of applied programs that contribute to improving the readiness of students for engineering activities. This paper gives an example of using the application module of the AutoFEM Analysis add-on application is integrated into the AutoCAD software package to calculate one of the problems of technical mechanics.
Intention to Use AI-Powered Financial Investment Robo-Advisors in the M-Banking Sector of Pakistan
Authors: Wang Xuhui , Butt Asad Hassan , Zhang Qilin , Ahmad Hassan , Shafique Muhammad Noman
Published: September 2021

AI is playing a disruptive role in many industrial sectors and also in the banking industry. The purpose of this research study was to empirically test consumer willingness to use AI-powered financial investment robo-advisors. Analysis of data from 500 survey responses collected from m-banking users performed using Smart Pls showed that there was clear intention on the part of m-banking consumers in Pakistan to use AI-powered financial investment robo-advisors. The results reinforce the findings of earlier studies.
Factors Influencing the Continued Acceptance of Wechat Mobile Payments by Chinese Vendors
Authors: Mensah Isaac Kofi , Liu Yijun , Luo Chuanyong
Published: September 2021

Mobile payments have revolutionized and modernized the way payment transactions are completed. The acceptance of mobile payments is vital to eCommerce. This study explored the factors influencing the continued acceptance of WeChat mobile payments by a cross-section of vendors in the city of Ganzhou, China. A questionnaire was administered to 500 vendors with a response rate of 81%. The results show that performance expectancy and trust fostered the continued acceptance of WeChat mobile payments. However, while effort expectancy was significant in predicting the level of trust in WeChat mobile payments, it did not significantly influence their continued acceptance. Social influence, facilitating conditions, and trust in WeChat mobile payments were all significant predictors of the continued acceptance of WeChat mobile payments.
AI-Enabled E-Recruitment Services Make Job Searching, Application Submission, and Employee Selection More Interactive
Authors: Wang Xuhui , Haque Md Jamirul , Li Wenjing , Butt Asad Hassan , Ahmad Hassan , Shaikh Hamid Ali
Published: September 2021

Personnel recruitment and selection is changing rapidly with the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) tools. This chapter looks at how job applicants perceive AI in recruitment. The results show that AI tools encourage a larger number of quality application submissions and for two reasons. First, AI entrains a perception of a novel approach to job searching. Second, AI is perceived to be able to interactively tailor the application experience to what the individual applicant expects and has to offer. These perceptions increase the likelihood the user will submit a job application and so improves the size and quality of the pool from which to recruit personnel.
An Examination of Halal Fashion Supply Chain Management Risks Based on the Fuzzy Best-Worst Approach
Authors: Sumarliah Elie , Li Tieke , Wang Bailin , Indriya Indriya
Published: September 2021

Risk management is indispensable. Halal fashion is an emerging business globally, yet studies of Halal fashion supply chain (HFSC) risk management are scarce. An in-depth literature review discovered 40 risk factors in the HFSC. A group of professionals active in the field classified these risks into seven categories. The fuzzy best-worst approach was then used to rank the risk categories and risk factors. Manufacturing and design risks have the highest significance in HFSC management, and risks in the financial and sustainability categories the lowest. The paper contributes significantly by delivering an extensive inventory of HFSC management risks and their relative rankings that can serve as a foundation for the development of a large number of theoretical studies.
An Investigation of Patient Decisions to Use eHealth
Authors: Zheng Suli , Chang Po-Ya , Chen Jiahe , Chang Yu-Wei , Fan Hueng-Chuen
Published: September 2021

eHealth service has received increasing attention. Patients can consult online doctors via the Internet, and then physically visit the doctors for further diagnosis and treatments. Although extant research has focused on the adoption of eHealth services, the decision-making process from online to offline health services still remains unclear. This study aims to examine patients’ decisions to use online and offline health services by integrating the extended valence framework and the halo effect. By analyzing 221 samples with online consultation experiences, the results show that trust significantly influences perceived benefits and perceived risks, while trust, perceived benefits, and perceived risks significantly influence the intention to consult. The intention to consult positively influences the intention to visit. Considering the moderating effects of payment types, the influence of perceived risks on the intention to consult is larger for the free group than for the paid group. The findings are useful to better understand patients’ decisions to use eHealth.
An Efficient Emergency Patient Monitoring Based on Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Tabassum Kahkashan , Shaiba Hadil , Essa Nada Ahmed , Elbadie Hafiza A.
Published: September 2021

Medical sensors are implanted within the vital organs of human body to record and monitor the vital signs of pulse rate, heartbeat, electrocardiogram, body mass index, temperature, blood pressure, etc. to ensure their effective functioning. These are monitored to detect patient’s health from anywhere and at any time. The Wireless Sensor Networks are embedded in the form of Body Area Nets and are capable of sensing and storing the information on a digital device. Later this information could be inspected or even sent to a remotely located storage device specifically (server or any public or private cloud for analysis) so that a medical doctor can diagnose the present medical condition of a person or a patient. Such a facility would be of immense help in the event of an emergency such as a sudden disaster or natural calamity where communication is damaged, and the potential sources become inaccessible. The aim of this paper is to create a mobile platform using Mobile Ad hoc Network to support healthcare connectivity and treatment in emergency situations.
A Web-Based Intervention is Feasible for Supporting Weight Loss and Increased Activity in Rural Women with Arthritis
Authors: Hageman Patricia A. , Eisenhauer Christine , Mroz Joseph E. , Johnson Beller Rebecca
Published: September 2021

Rural women have well documented health disparities, with higher prevalence of obesity and chronic conditions, including arthritis. Change in weight and actigraph-recorded data were examined in a subset of 63 of 82 women with physician-diagnosed arthritis who completed a 30-month web-based clinical trial. Repeated measures analyses showed women lost weight from baseline to six months, slowly regained at 18 and 30 months, ending with a lower weight than baseline F(1,62)=40.89, p<0.001, η2p =0.40. Of 53 women with complete data, activity increased at six months, decreased at 18 months, and increased at 30 months F(1,52)=4.14, p =0.04, η2p=0.07. Women showed improved change in weight and activity from baseline at six, 18 and 30 months. This study adds support that web-based programs may promote weight loss and activity in a hard-to-reach, underserved population of midlife and older rural women with arthritis.
Decrease in New Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS in the Two Years Period 2019-2020: Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Quiros-Roldan Eugenia , Izzo Ilaria , Carriero Canio , Antoni Melania Degli , Storti Samuele , Tiecco Giorgio , Gardini Giulia , Focà Emanuele , Castelli Francesco
Published: September 2021

The emergence SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019 and early 2020 has caused a pandemic of unprecedented proportions. Management of COVID-19 became emergent public health priorities, and the impact on other public health initiatives, such as expanded HIV screening and linkage to care, remain largely unknown. In this Single-Center retrospective observational study, we describe the characteristics and circumstance of the new HIV cases during 2020 compared to 2019. We observed a decrease of HIV diagnosis during this period. Interestingly, median age at HIV diagnosis decreased of one decade and percentage of female patients was higher. In addition, more patients received diagnosis during hospitalization and more AIDS-defining conditions, such as Pneumocystis pneumonia, were detected. We express our concern that HIV new diagnoses will increase as a result of people's inability to get tested or treated in this period. More efforts are needed to improve local screening programs both during and after COVID-19 pandemic.
Electronic Cigarettes Consumption and Associated Factors among General Population in Western Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alzahrani Ziyad , Zaidi Syed Faisal , Alsolami Hatem , Bashrahil Bader , Alghamdi Nawaf , Nooh Mohammad , Khan Muhammad Anwar , Alshanberi Asim Muhammed , Qanash Sultan
Published: September 2021

Background

In recent years, consumption of e-cigarettes has increased dramatically. Several studies have focused on the prevalence of e-cigarettes among specific groups of people, using it as a substitute to traditional cigarettes, or the participant knowledge regarding risks. This research was aimed on E-cigarettes’ prevalence and its association to several factors in the general population of Western Saudi Arabia.

Design and methods

Using an observational cross-sectional study, data were collected from (n=465) above 18 years old smokers during the survey at public attractions. A validated self-administered questionnaire acquired from previous studies was employed to insure the suitability for the general population of Jeddah Saudi Arabia. Sample size was calculated via Raosoft® and adults of either gender were included in the study. Descriptive or inferential statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.

Results

The preponderance of e-cigarette smokers used entertainment as the reason for smoking, with an average of (33.9%). Although one reason for e-cigarette consumption was to cease traditional smoking, results showed an average of (49.4%), which is the majority of those who attempted to cease traditional smoking via e-cigarette, did not succeed in quitting traditional smoking. This study also demonstrated that participant that believed that ecigarette is beneficial had a higher chance to cease conventional smoking than who did not (32.1% versus 14.6%) which is significant (p<0.001).

Conclusions

In conclusion, this study estimated the prevalence of e-cigarette consumption among the population of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia along with assessment of elements which help increase the overall e-cigarette consumption in Jeddah.
Cardiac myxoma as a potential trigger of takotsubo cardiomyopathy: A brief review on mechanistic and clinical perspectives
Authors: Yalta Kenan , Ozkan Ugur , Yalta Tülin , Yetkin Ertan
Published: September 2021

In clinical practice, cardiac myxomas constitute the majority of benign cardiac neoplasms, and might potentially present with a variety of embolic, obstructive as well as constitutional symptoms. On the other hand, these neoplasms might be potentially associated with the evolution of takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) that is universally considered as a transient form of acute myocardial dysfunction. Accordingly, the present paper primarily aims to focus on potential mechanisms and associated clinical implications of TTC evolution in the setting of cardiac myxomas.
MBOAT1 homozygous missense variant causes nonobstructive azoospermia
Authors: Wan Yang-Yang , Guo Lan , Yao Yao , Shi Xiao-Yun , Jiang Hui , Xu Bo , Hua Juan , Zhang Xian-Sheng
Published: September 2021

Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a common cause of infertility and is defined as the complete absence of sperm in ejaculation due to defective spermatogenesis. The aim of this study was to identify the genetic etiology of NOA in an infertile male from a Chinese consanguineous family. A homozygous missense variant of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 1 (MBOAT1) gene (c.770C>T, p.Thr257Met) was found by whole-exome sequencing (WES). Bioinformatic analysis also showed that this variant was a pathogenic variant and that the amino acid residue in MBOAT1 was highly conserved in mammals. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) analysis showed that the mRNA level of MBOAT1 in the patient was 22.0% lower than that in his father. Furthermore, we screened variants of MBOAT1 in a broader population and found an additional homozygous variant of the MBOAT1 gene in 123 infertile men. Our data identified homozygous variants of the MBOAT1 gene associated with male infertility. This study will provide new insights for researchers to understand the molecular mechanisms of male infertility and will help clinicians make accurate diagnoses.
Antiviral Therapy for Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis
Authors: Amalakanti Sridhar , Boppana Sri Harsha , Sivaraj Nagarjuna , Raman Arepalli Kesava Venkata , Suvvari Tarun Kumar
Published: September 2021

Background:

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection of the brain is treated with antiviral drugs such as acyclovir. A summary of randomized control trials (RCTs) of antiviral drugs against HSV encephalitis has not been put forward yet. We aimed to determine the effect of antiviral agents in treating HSV encephalitis on mortality and neurological sequelae at approximately 2 years. The secondary objective was to assess the adverse effect of antiviral agents on the patients.

Materials and Methods:

RCTs were identified by searching PUBMED, European Medicines Agency (EMA), USFDA, US Clinical trials, Elsevier database, and Cochrane website and the reference lists of published trials. Randomized controlled trials of antiviral therapy in biologically proven HSV infection were included in the study.

Results:

A total of 5 studies met the criteria. The first study was published in 1980 and the latest was in 2015. All the studies used acyclovir/valacyclovir or vidarabine. Three studies compared acyclovir and vidarabine, one study was placebo-controlled vidarabine trial and another one was a placebo-controlled trial of long-term valacyclovir therapy. Acyclovir improved mortality and lowered the incidence of neurological sequelae. There was no significant reduction in the risk of mortality with vidarabine therapy.

Conclusion:

Trial evidence suggests that acyclovir decreases mortality and morbidity in acute HSV encephalitis.
Patterns of Antibody Response, Adverse Effects, and Knowledge Regarding COVID-19 Vaccine
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Kuntal , Nair Lakshmi Geetha , Mishra Deepshikha , Shashivadhanan S.
Published: September 2021

Background:

With reference to the National vaccination drive against COVID-19 disease (rolled out on January 16, 2021 by Government of India), this study was undertaken to analyze the patterns of antibody response among fully vaccinated adult individuals, to find the spectrum of adverse events following immunizations and knowledge component of the participants regarding the COVID-19 vaccines as well as its side effects.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 500 vaccinated individuals (with two doses of Government approved Covishield vaccine) were studied over a period of 9 weeks following the second dose of their vaccine. They were tested for the development of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, using an immunoglobulin G ELISA kit on three occasions, and the seroconversion pattern was analyzed.

Results:

A postvaccination seroconversion rate of 63.8% (at 2–3 weeks), 83.2% (at 4–5 weeks), and 93.2% (overall seroconversion rate at 8–9 weeks) was found. While 77.4% participants (at 4 weeks) and 65.9% participants (at 8 weeks) showed rise in optical density (OD) values, 7.4% showed a declining in OD values (at 8 weeks) and 6.8% remained seronegative throughout the study period. Sixty-two percent had experienced at least one form of adverse effect postvaccination, which were mostly mild in nature not requiring hospitalization.

Conclusion:

This study found that the timeline for seroconversion postvaccination by COVISHIELD varies between individuals, with few showing decline in the OD values as well and that majority of the adverse reactions observed in this population were only mild and manageable not requiring hospitalization.
English Estimating Fatigue of Nr45 Natural Rubber Used in Crank Pulley
Authors: Kaplan Cihangir , Güleç Cem , Arıkoğlu Mesut
Published: September 2021

Rubber is used as a vibration damper in many engineering applications, especially in the automotive industry. Rubber is used to dampen torsional vibration in internal combustion engines. Therefore, crank pulleys are used to dampen the crankshaft in a certain frequency range. Rubber durability is very important for the crank pulley to perform its duty for a long time. In this study, the dynamic life of NR45 natural rubber with two different mixtures used in crank pulleys was determined by the prepared test approach. A metal-rubber component structure used in the slip test samples was formed and produced. The metal-rubber component is left to force the rubber in the vertical direction with its natural frequency and specified amplitude to simulate torsional vibration in crank pulleys. A test setup design was carried out to force the metal-rubber component at the determined frequency. In the study, life expectancy estimates based on amplitude and frequency were created on experimental data.
In vitro antioxidant properties of 2-(4-(2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)benzylideneamino)benzoic acid
Authors: YILMAZ Zehra Kübra , ASIM Belma , OZDEMIR Ozlem
Published: September 2021

In recent years, it has attracted great attention to determine and appraise synthetic antioxidants with high free radical scavenging capacity associated with various disorders. Because synthetic antioxidants are widely used in place of native antioxidants as they are influential and less expensive. In this study, the antioxidant activity of the newly synthesized asymmetric diimine Schiff base was determined by using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging, ferrous ion chelation (FIC) activity and total antioxidant activity (Phosphomolybdenum assay) methods. The effective concentration (IC50) values were calculated for the Schiff base and standards. According to the results of DPPH radical scavenging, ferrous ion chelation and total antioxidant methods, Schiff base showed a well antioxidant activity. It was determined that Schiff base is reactive towards DPPH radicals (IC50, 180.0 μM) and especially Fe+2 ions (IC50, 76.3 μM). It was also found that it actively reduces the Mo(VI) ion to the Mo(V) form (IC50, 121.5 μM). The our results indicate Schiff base, may be a fine candidate as a source of synthetic antioxidants and possibly strong drug.
Experience Magic: Read!
Authors: Manolescu Dan
Published: September 2021

If experience is the best teacher, then reading may be the best life experience. Reading books is a unique experience that will take you on a journey into another world. You will learn about people you have never met but who have already left an indelible mark and a legacy that inspired so many generations.  Reading is an institution devoted wholly to the mind and the imagination. Books contain spiritual values of all ages and we perceive them as simultaneously present and vitally alive. Each book is a precious treasure with countless implications and the reader is ultimately left to discover not only the subject at hand but also the deep layers of the spell cast by a tremendous force with its innermost meaning for each individual with a curious mind and its probing questions.