bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Schröodinger Equation (NLSE) Approximation using Split-Step Fourier (SSF)
Authors: Sutantyo Trengginas Eka Putra , Riskillah Muhammad Ananda
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation (NLSE) through a combination of analytical and numerical approaches to understand soliton dynamics in nonlinear media. The analytical methods involve the use of the Ansatz technique to derive exact solutions of the NLSE, emphasizing the role of nonlinearity in modulating wave propagation. These solutions illustrate the interplay between dispersive and nonlinear effects essential for soliton formation and stability. Numerical simulations are conducted using the Split Step Fourier method, which effectively handles the temporal evolution of solitons under various initial conditions. The numerical results highlight the stability and robustness of solitons, confirming the analytical predictions. Additionally, the error analysis between analytical and numerical solutions underscores the importance of accurate initial conditions, revealing consistent error patterns attributable to initial guess discrepancies. The comprehensive analysis provided by both methods demonstrates the NLSE's capability to model intricate wave phenomena, making it applicable to diverse physical systems, including optical fibers and Bose-Einstein condensates. This combined approach offers valuable insights into the fundamental characteristics of solitons and their stability criteria, enhancing our understanding of nonlinear wave dynamics.
Holographic acoustic-signal authenticator
Authors: Rajput Sudheesh K. , Shikder Allarakha , Nishchal Naveen K. , Todo Ryuju , Matoba Osamu , Awatsuji Yasuhiro
Published: July 2024

Most optical information processors deal with text or image data, and it is very difficult to deal experimentally with acoustic data. Therefore, optical advances that deal with acoustic data are highly desirable in this area. In particular, the development of a voice or acoustic-signal authentication technique using optical correlation can open a new line of research in the field of optical security and could also provide a tool for other applications where comparison of acoustic signals is required. Here, we report holographic acoustic-signal authentication by integrating the holographic microphone recording with optical correlation to meet some of the above requirements. The reported method avails the flexibility of 3D visualization of acoustic signals at sensitive locations and parallelism offered by an optical correlator/processor. We demonstrate text-dependent optical voice correlation that can determine the authenticity of acoustic signal by discarding or accepting it in accordance with the reference signal. The developed method has applications in security screening and industrial quality control.
Two-octave frequency combs from an all-silica-fiber implementation
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Li Mingkun , Zhang Pan , Du Yueqing , Ma Shibang , Liu Yuanshan , Xing Sida , Zhang Shougang
Published: July 2024

Mid-infrared frequency-comb spectroscopy enables measurement of molecules at megahertz spectral resolution, sub-hertz frequency accuracy, and microsecond acquisition speed. However, the widespread adoption of this technique has been hindered by the complexity and alignment sensitivity of mid-infrared frequency-comb sources. Leveraging the underexplored mid-infrared window of silica fibers presents a promising approach to address these challenges. In this study, we present the first, to the best of our knowledge, experimental demonstration and quantitative numerical description of mid-infrared frequency-comb generation in silica fibers. Our all-silica-fiber frequency comb spans over two octaves (0.8 μm to 3.4 μm) with a power output of 100 mW in the mid-infrared region. The amplified quantum noise is suppressed using four-cycle (25 fs) driving pulses, with the carrier-envelope offset frequency exhibiting a signal-to-noise ratio of 40 dB and a free-running bandwidth of 90 kHz. Our developed model provides quantitative guidelines for mid-infrared frequency-comb generation in silica fibers, enabling all-fiber frequency-comb spectroscopy in diverse fields such as organic synthesis, pharmacokinetics processes, and environmental monitoring.
The differential impacts of COVID-19 mortality on mental health by residential geographic regions: The Los Angeles Pandemic Surveillance Cohort Study
Authors: Lam Chun Nok , Lee Ryan , Soto Daniel , Ho Alex , Nicholas William , Unger Jennifer B. , Sood Neeraj
Published: July 2024

Objective

This study examines the association between changes in mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and COVID-19 mortality across geographic areas and by race/ethnicity.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Los Angeles County between April and May 2021. The study used the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 to assess major depression risk. Participants’ home ZIP codes were classified into low, middle, and high COVID-19 mortality impacted areas (CMIA).

Results

While there were existing mental health disparities due to differences in demographics and social determinants of health across CMIA in 2018, the pandemic exacerbated the disparities, especially for residents living in high CMIA. Non-White residents in high CMIA reported the largest deterioration in mental health. Differences in mental health by CMIA persisted after controlling for resident characteristics.

Conclusions

Living in an area with higher COVID-19 mortality rates may have been associated with worse mental health, with Non-White residents reporting worse mental health outcomes in the high mortality area.

Policy implications

It is crucial to advocate for greater mental health resources in high COVID-19 mortality areas especially for racial/ethnic minorities.
Characterization of BrGH3A, a bovine rumen-derived glycoside hydrolase family 3 β-glucosidase with a permuted domain arrangement
Authors: Pitchayatanakorn Phiraya , Suwan Eukote , Kongsaeree Prachumporn T.
Published: July 2024

The bovine rumen contains a large consortium of residential microbes that release a variety of digestive enzymes for feed degradation. However, the utilization of these microbial enzymes is still limited because these rumen microorganisms are mostly anaerobes and are thus unculturable. Therefore, we applied a sequence-based metagenomic approach to identify a novel 2,445-bp glycoside hydrolase family 3 β-glucosidase gene known as BrGH3A from the metagenome of bovine ruminal fluid. BrGH3A β-glucosidase is a 92-kDa polypeptide composed of 814 amino acid residues. Unlike most glycoside hydrolases in the same family, BrGH3A exhibited a permuted domain arrangement consisting of an (α/β)6 sandwich domain, a fibronectin type III domain and a (β/α)8 barrel domain. BrGH3A exhibited greater catalytic efficiency toward laminaribiose than cellobiose. We proposed that BrGH3A is an exo-acting β-glucosidase from Spirochaetales bacteria that is possibly involved in the intracellular degradation of β-1,3-/1,4-mixed linkage glucans that are present in grass cell walls. BrGH3A exhibits rich diversity in rumen hydrolytic enzymes and may represent a member of a new clan with a permuted domain topology within the large family.
Zygote cryobanking applied to CRISPR/Cas9 microinjection in mice
Authors: Schlapp Geraldine , Meikle María Noel , Pórfido Jorge Luis , Menchaca Alejo , Crispo Martina
Published: July 2024

Microinjection of CRISPR/Cas9 requires the availability of zygotes that implies animal breeding, superovulation schemes, and embryo collection. Vitrification of zygotes may allow having ready-to-use embryos and to temporally dissociate the workload of embryo production from microinjection. In this study, fresh (F group) or vitrified (V group) zygotes were microinjected with CRISPR/Cas9 system to test the hypothesis that vitrified zygotes could be a suitable source of embryos for microinjection. In Experiment 1 (in vitro evaluation), B6D2F1/J zygotes were microinjected and cultured until blastocyst stage. Embryo survival and cleavage rates after microinjection were similar between groups (~50% and ~80% respectively; P = NS). Development rate was significantly higher for F than V group (55.0% vs. 32.6%, respectively; P<0.05). Mutation rate did not show statistical differences among groups (P = NS). In Experiment 2 (in vivo evaluation), C57BL/6J zygotes were microinjected and transferred to recipient females. Embryo survival was significantly lower in fresh than in vitrified zygotes (49.2% vs. 62.7%, respectively; P<0.05). Cleavage rate did not show statistical differences (~70%; P = NS). Pregnancy rate (70.0% vs. 58.3%) and birth rate (11.9% vs. 11.2%) were not different between groups (F vs. V group; P = NS). Offspring mutation rate was higher for F than V group, in both heterodimer analysis (73.7% vs. 33.3%, respectively; P = 0.015) and Sanger sequencing (89.5% vs. 41.7%, respectively; P = 0.006). In conclusion, vitrified-warmed zygotes present a viable alternative source for CRISPR/Cas9 microinjection when the production of fresh embryos is impeded by limited technical support. The possibility of zygote cryobanking to perform microinjection sessions on demand seems to be a suitable alternative to avoid the breeding and maintenance of animals all over the year, enhancing the implementation of CRISPR technology.
Molecular signaling directing neural plate border formation
Authors: Esmaeli Mojtaba , Barazesh Mahdi , Karimi Zeinab , Roshankhah Shiva , Ghanbari Ali
Published: July 2024

During embryonic development, the vertebrate embryonic epiblast is divided into two parts including neural and superficial ectoderm. The neural plate border (NPB) is a narrow transitional area which locates between these parts and contains multipotent progenitor cells. Despite its small size, the cellular heterogeneity in this region produces specific differentiated cells. Signaling pathways, transcription factors, and the expression/repression of certain genes are directly involved in these differentiation processes. Different factors such as the Wnt signaling cascade, fibroblast growth factor (FGF), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, and Notch, which are involved in various stages of the growth, proliferation, and differentiation of embryonic cells, are also involved in the determination and differentiation of neural plate border stem cells. Therefore, it is essential to consider the interactions and temporospatial coordination related to cells, tissues, and adjacent structures. This review examines our present knowledge of the formation of the neural plate border and emphasizes the requirement for interaction between different signaling pathways, including the BMP and Wnt cascades, the expression of its special target genes and their regulations, and the precise tissue crosstalk which defines the neural crest fate in the ectoderm at the early human embryonic stages.
Coenocystic oogenesis - modification of or deviation from the germ cell cyst paradigm?
Authors: Kloc Malgorzata
Published: July 2024

Invertebrate and vertebrate species have many unusual cellular structures, such as long- or short-lived cell-in-cell structures and coenocytes. Coenocytes (often incorrectly described as syncytia) are multinuclear cells derived, unlike syncytia, not from the fusion of multiple cells but from multiple nuclear divisions without cytokinesis. An example of a somatic coenocyte is the coenocytic blastoderm in Drosophila. An astonishing property of coenocytes is the ability to differentiate the nuclei sharing a common cytoplasm into different subpopulations with different fate trajectories. An example of a germline coenocyte is the oogenic precursor of appendicularian tunicates, which shares many features with the somatic coenocyte of Drosophila. The germline coenocyte (coenocyst) is quite an unexpected structure because in most animals, including Drosophila, Xenopus, and mice, oogenesis proceeds within a group (cyst, nest) of sibling cells (cystocytes) connected by the intercellular bridges (ring canals, RCs) derived from multiple divisions with incomplete cytokinesis of a progenitor cell called the cystoblast. Here, I discuss the differences and similarities between cystocyte-based and coenocyst-based oogenesis, and the resemblance of coenocystic oogenesis to coenocytic somatic blastoderm in Drosophila. I also describe cell-in-cell structures that although not mechanistically, cytologically, or molecularly connected to somatic or germline coenocytes, are both unorthodox and intriguing cytological phenomena rarely covered by scientific literature.
Las tensiones entre los agustinos y el arzobispo de Manila, Miguel de Poblete (1653-1667): el caso del fraile corrupto Alonso Quijano, OSA
Authors: Coello de la Rosa Alexandre
Published: July 2024

En este ensayo se examinan los conflictos jurisdiccionales entre el octavo arzobispo de Manila, Miguel de Poblete, y la orden de los agustinos durante el periodo final de su gobierno (1663-1667), lo que obliga en primer lugar a repensar la compleja dinámica del poder diocesano en sentido vertical, generada por las desavenencias entre los prelados y las órdenes religiosas en una región tan alejada de los centros de decisión. Durante la segunda mitad del siglo XVII, la gobernación de Filipinas vivió un período de gran inestabilidad. En este contexto, los comportamientos deshonestos del padre agustino Alonso Quijano nos permiten identificar otros aspectos importantes del entramado de poder que mantuvo a la élite religiosa del archipiélago en un estado de permanente conflictividad. A partir de fuentes de archivo y coetáneas, se efectúa un análisis micro-histórico para comprender la importancia de las redes familiares y de los grupos de poder de Manila de acuerdo con un sistema de normas sociales interiorizadas, entendimientos y patrones de comportamiento. Al situar a los obispos, arzobispos y órdenes religiosas en sintonía con los grupos de poder locales, se plantea la cuestión de cómo relacionar un enfoque micro-analítico, entendido como una reducción de la escala de observación, con procesos globales o historias conectadas (connected history) de mayor calado (Subrahmanyam, 1997). En segundo lugar, el caso del arzobispo Poblete revela otro tipo de conflictividad horizontal en los cabildos eclesiásticos, es decir, los debates existentes entre «criollos» y «peninsulares» que se produjeron en los virreinatos de la América hispánica y la gobernación de Filipinas.
GARCÍA GONZÁLEZ, Francisco y GUZZI-HEBB, Sandro (eds.), Historia de la familia, historia social: Experiencias de investigación en España y en Europa (siglos XVI-XIX), Gijón, Ediciones Trea / Ediciones de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 2023, 805 pp.
Authors: Sobrado Correa Hortensio
Published: July 2024

Reseña del libro: GARCÍA GONZÁLEZ, Francisco y GUZZI-HEBB, Sandro (eds.), Historia de la familia, historia social: Experiencias de investigación en España y en Europa (siglos XVI-XIX), Gijón, Ediciones Trea / Ediciones de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 2023, 805 pp.
Hydropericardium in hypothyroidism. Features of the clinic, diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Bondar I. A. , Chesnochenko L. I. , Krasnopevtseva I. P.
Published: July 2024

Thyroid hormone deficiency negatively affects the state of the cardiovascular system, causing the formation of a «myxedematous heart». The frequency and clinical features of primary hypothyroidism in 84 patients discharged from the endocrinology department of the RCH in 2017-2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Pericardial effusion was registered in 9 people (10.7%). Massive effusion with separation of pericardial leaflets from 30 to 50 mm and the threat of tamponade was in 4 out of 9 patients. Even with a large volume of pericardial effusion, classic symptoms such as shortness of breath, orthopnea, chest pain, and a feeling of fullness were absent or poorly expressed. Differential diagnosis with diseases accompanied by accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity was required. Indicators of thyroid status made it possible to associate the hydropericardium with decompensation or hypothyroidism for the first time. Thyroid hormone replacement therapy led to the disappearance of hypothyroidism symptoms and a decrease in the hydropericardium. With a high risk of tamponade in 3 patients, therapy was supplemented with pericardiocentesis. A clinical observation of successful treatment with thyroid hormones in combination with pericardiocentesis of severe newly diagnosed hypothyroidism against the background of autoimmune thyroiditis with massive pericardial effusion is presented.
2025 HASTI Conference: Embracing the Future Together
Authors: Williams Craig
Published: July 2024

2025 HASTI Conference Chairman Craig Williams gives an update on the theme and plans for the next HASTI Conference. This communication announces the theme of the 2025 conference, and answers three questions:  Why are we focusing on the future, how will we do it, and how will having the conference at Noblesville High School provide a superior experience for attendees?
2024 HASTI Award Recipients
Authors: Everett Georgia
Published: July 2024

Each year at the annual HASTI Conference we have an opportunity to recognize some amazing Science educators.  Here, I will introduce the winners and include the words of support their colleagues offered during the nominations process.
Linked shrinkage to improve estimation of interaction effects in regression models
Authors: van de Wiel Mark A. , Amestoy Matteo , Hoogland Jeroen
Published: July 2024

Objectives

The addition of two-way interactions is a classic problem in statistics, and comes with the challenge of quadratically increasing dimension. We aim to a) devise an estimation method that can handle this challenge and b) to aid interpretation of the resulting model by developing computational tools for quantifying variable importance.

Methods

Existing strategies typically overcome the dimensionality problem by only allowing interactions between relevant main effects. Building on this philosophy, and aiming for settings with moderate n to p ratio, we develop a local shrinkage model that links the shrinkage of interaction effects to the shrinkage of their corresponding main effects. In addition, we derive a new analytical formula for the Shapley value, which allows rapid assessment of individual-specific variable importance scores and their uncertainties.

Results

We empirically demonstrate that our approach provides accurate estimates of the model parameters and very competitive predictive accuracy. In our Bayesian framework, estimation inherently comes with inference, which facilitates variable selection. Comparisons with key competitors are provided. Large-scale cohort data are used to provide realistic illustrations and evaluations. The implementation of our method in RStan is relatively straightforward and flexible, allowing for adaptation to specific needs.

Conclusions

Our method is an attractive alternative for existing strategies to handle interactions in epidemiological and/or clinical studies, as its linked local shrinkage can improve parameter accuracy, prediction and variable selection. Moreover, it provides appropriate inference and interpretation, and may compete well with less interpretable machine learners in terms of prediction.
Characterizing the upper bound on the transparency order of (n, m)-functions
Authors: Zhou Yu , Wu You , Shen Bing , Wang Jinbo , Cheng Rong
Published: July 2024

Transparency order (

TO

{\mathcal{TO}}

) is one of the indicators used to measure the resistance of

(

n
,
m

)

\left(n,m)

-function to differential power analysis. At present, there are three definitions:

TO

{\mathcal{TO}}

, redefined transparency order (

ℛTO

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal R} TO}}

), and modified transparency order (

ℳTO

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal M} TO}}

). For the first time, we give one necessary and sufficient condition for

(

n
,
m

)

\left(n,m)

-function reaching

TO
=
m

{\mathcal{TO}}=m

and completely characterize

(

n
,
m

)

\left(n,m)

-functions reaching

TO
=
m

{\mathcal{TO}}=m

for any

n

n

and

m

m

. We find that any

(

n
,
1

)

\left(n,1)

-function cannot reach

TO
=
m

{\mathcal{TO}}=m

for odd

n

n

. Based on the matrix product, the necessary conditions for

(

n
,
m

)

\left(n,m)

-function reaching

ℳTO
=
m

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal M} TO}}=m

or

ℛTO
=
m

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal R} TO}}=m

are given, respectively. Finally, it is proved that any balanced

(

n
,
m

)

\left(n,m)

-function cannot reach the upper bound on

TO

{\mathcal{TO}}

(or

ℛTO

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal R} TO}}

,

ℳTO

{\mathcal{ {\mathcal M} TO}}

).
Sole Custody and The Implication of Fault-based Divorce Under the Indonesian Legal System
Authors: Hartini Hartini , Ilhami Haniah , Yusoff Rahmawati Mohd
Published: July 2024

This study analyses the reasons why most judges in Indonesia’s religious courts tend to rule in favour of the sole custody model over the joint custody model following a divorce, even though the state, through the Child Protection Act, has enacted regulations emphasizing the granting of child custody using the joint custody model. This study is an evaluative review of the dominant sole custody model decided in the Religious Court concerning the Indonesian divorce law system, which emphasizes that divorce must be filed for a reason. The study results show that the divorce law requiring divorce to be accompanied by a reason and adopted by the Religious Court makes Indonesia a country that adopts a fault-based divorce system. This impacts the contestation and efforts of one party to find fault with the other party through the proof process in the Religious Court. Furthermore, to show that one party is better and more moral, there is a struggle for child custody rights while affirming the presumption that the party winning child custody is the better and more moral party. This means that child custody is always given to one party, not to both parties. The Religious Court needs to consider the use of a no-fault divorce system for several reasons: (1) Islamic jurisprudence recognizes no-fault divorce, namely, divorce with khuluk (khul’), and (2) efforts not to defame the couple in court are more in line with Islamic teachings.
Questioning Human Rights, Looking for Justice: Analyzing the Impact of Supreme Court Circular Letter on Interfaith Marriages in Indonesia
Authors: Indrayanti Kadek Wiwik , Saraswati Anak Agung Ayu Nanda , Putra Eka Nugraha
Published: July 2024

The issuance of Supreme Court Circular Letter (SEMA) Number 2 of 2023 concerning Guidelines for Judges in Adjudicating Cases on Applications for Registration of Marriages between People of Different Religious Beliefs has caused problems regarding interfaith marriages in Indonesia. Both conceptually and in practice, interfaith marriages have long been controversial. Using a human rights approach, this article analyzes SEMA's position in the hierarchy of laws and regulations and the impact of SEMA Number 2 of 2023 on the independence of judges and the practice of interfaith marriages in Indonesia. The results of the analysis indicate that SEMA Number 2 of 2023 is contrary to human rights principles, especially the principles of religious rights, the right to choose a partner and the right to get married. Although the content of SEMA should only be related to technical matters of court processes, SEMA Number 2 of 2023 targets the substance of citizens’ rights; it asks judges to reject requests for the validation of interfaith marriages, even though the issue is clearly regulated by the Law on Population Administration. As a result, the chances of validating interfaith marriages through court decisions are closed. This policy not only limits the independence of judges in deciding such cases but also violates the human rights of citizens.
Unveiling the marvels of biodiversity: recent advancements in conservation efforts
Authors: K Rathoure Ashok , Laxmibai GP Ram Bindurani
Published: July 2024

This article explores recent advancements in biodiversity conservation, emphasizing the pivotal role of technology in addressing the challenges posed by climate change and the increasing threats to various species. The first section examines technological marvels such as artificial intelligence (AI), remote sensing, and genetic technologies that have revolutionized biodiversity conservation. AI and big data, when integrated, empower scientists to analyze vast datasets efficiently, predict ecological patterns, and recommend effective conservation strategies. AI, remote sensing, and genetic technologies are revolutionizing biodiversity conservation. Examples include AI for wildlife monitoring and species identification, satellite imagery for forest and coral reef health, DNA barcoding and eDNA for species detection, and genetic rescue programs. Integrated approaches combine these technologies for effective habitat and species conservation, improving efficiency and outcomes. Meanwhile, remote sensing technologies, including satellites and drones, offer real-time data on ecosystems, aiding in habitat mapping, species distribution monitoring, and detection of illegal activities. Genetic technologies, like CRISPR-Cas9, hold promise for species resilience, albeit with ethical considerations. In the second section, the article discusses sustainability in conservation efforts, emphasizing the importance of community engagement and the preservation of critical habitats. Collaboration with local communities ensures cultural alignment, while a focus on entire ecosystems, rather than species-specific interventions, maintains biodiversity balance. The third section explores the role of biodiversity in climate change mitigation and as a human life savior. Biodiverse ecosystems act as carbon sinks, contributing to climate change mitigation. Additionally, biodiversity proves to be a valuable source of medicinal compounds and supports global food security by providing diverse crops, livestock, and aquatic species. The article concludes by envisioning a harmonious coexistence between humanity and the diverse species that share our planet. By leveraging technological advancements, engaging local communities, and prioritizing ecosystem preservation, we can strive for a sustainable future where biodiversity flourishes, providing ecological, economic, and cultural richness for generations to come.
La teoría de los símbolos en la obra de José Ortega y Gasset. Perspectivas antropológicas
Authors: de Haro Honrubia Alejandro
Published: July 2024

Este artículo de investigación versa sobre la teoría de los símbolos en la obra de José Ortega y Gasset (1883-1955) a partir de una lectura atenta de la nueva edición de sus Obras completas. Trataremos de profundizar en una temática todavía por explorar, prestando especial atención a la reflexión teórica del filósofo español sobre el pensamiento simbólico desde un punto de vista antropológico, dando a conocer los ejemplos etnográficos que Ortega menciona en el conjunto de sus Obras. A partir de sus múltiples lecturas etnográficas, Ortega ha realizado importantes contribuciones a este ámbito del conocimiento, lo que delata su interés por la ciencia de la antropología, que tanto incidió desde sus inicios en la importancia de los símbolos, los cuales resultan fundamentales para entender la cultura de los diferentes grupos o colectivos. Ortega considera el símbolo una categoría cultural de enorme relevancia para entender el imaginario social de la vida grupal, dando buena cuenta de ello a través del ejemplo etnográfico al que el filósofo hace referencia en múltiples trabajos. El pensador español coincidiría con los principales teóricos de la antropología social en la universalidad cultural del símbolo, siendo su característica principal el “tener sentido”, así como también coincidiría con aquellos en que los símbolos se constituyen en redes que tejen la vida de los diferentes grupos o sociedades que encontramos a lo largo del mapa terrestre.
Caracterización de las concepciones de lectura de estudiantes de pedagogía en inglés: ¿Cómo se relacionan con sus estrategias lectoras?
Authors: Cocio Seguel Andrea , Errázuriz Cruz María Constanza , Davison Toro Omar
Published: July 2024

Las estrategias de lectura que utilizan los estudiantes universitarios en el desarrollo de la lectura académica en inglés resultan ser fundamentales para el desarrollo del pensamiento y la construcción de significados. En Chile, se reporta que las estrategias de lectura en universitarios son poco variadas. Por tanto, el objetivo de la investigación fue caracterizar y analizar las concepciones de lectura de los y las estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de Pedagogía en inglés, y cómo estas pueden guiar el uso de determinadas estrategias de lectura. Respecto de la metodología, el diseño fue cuantitativo-descriptivo, los participantes fueron 45, a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario sobre concepciones de lectura y otro sobre estrategias de lectura. Finalmente, se identificó que los estudiantes de la carrera de inglés presentan simultáneamente tanto concepciones reproductivas como epistémicas y que las estrategias de lectura se utilizan principalmente antes de la lectura y durante la misma.
First report of Carybdea xaymacana Conant, 1897 (Cnidaria, Cubozoa, Carybdeida) in Colombia
Authors: Llorente-Vega Jorge L. , Nisperuza-Pérez Carlos A. , Cedeño-Posso Cristina , Quirós-Rodríguez Jorge A.
Published: July 2024

Carybdea xaymacana Conant, 1897 is a box jellyfish belonging to the family Carybdeidae and is currently recorded from the Mexican Caribbean (State of Quintana Roo), Puerto Rico, the Bahamas, Jamaica, Panama, and Venezuela. Here, we report for the first time the presence of this species in Colombia, based on collections made in three departments of the Colombian Caribbean. Documenting the extension in the distribution range of this species is of great importance due to its ecological role in regional ecosys-tems.
Políticas afetivo-sexuais na cisheteronormatividade: resistências e estratégias de bem viver de uma mulher transexual
Authors: Almeida Raul Gomes de , Santos Manoel Antônio dos
Published: July 2024

Resumo: A partir de contribuições do transfeminismo e dos estudos queer, buscamos refletir sobre as experiências afetivo-sexuais de uma mulher trans, branca e heterossexual, destacando práticas e desejos sexuais, relacionamentos amorosos, casamentos e busca por parceiros em aplicativos de relacionamento. Observamos que as relações afetivo-sexuais são atravessadas por uma tensa negociação entre ser e parecer perante as políticas cisheteronormativas, de maneira que os mecanismos de poder tanto se espacializam como são deslocados nessa dimensão da vida. Ao longo de sua trajetória, a participante desenvolveu suas estratégias performativas e práticas de resistência com vistas a alcançar a vivência plena de sua existência, incluindo as dimensões da sexualidade e dos relacionamentos no campo afetivo-sexual.
Development, survival and description of the life stages of Zatrephina lineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) fed on Ipomoea pes-caprae leaves
Authors: Silva C. A. D. , Camelo S. F. , Galdino J. S. , Carvalho T. S. , Zanuncio J. C.
Published: July 2024

Abstract Zatrephina lineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is a phytophagous insect, mainly of plants of the genera Ipomoea and Mikania. The objective was to study the development, survival and to describe the life stages of Z. lineata fed on leaves of Ipomoea pes-caprae. Biological observations were made daily with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope and the instars of this insect identified by the exuvia left between one moulting and the next. The duration of development and survival of the egg, larva and pupa stages and the first, second, third, fourth and fifth instars and of the nymph stage of Z. lineata differed, but not between sexes of this insect. The duration of development of Z. lineata was longer in the larval stage and in the fifth instar, and its survival greater in the egg and pupa stages and in the first and fifth instars. Zatrephina lineata eggs, cream-colored, are ellipsoid and deposited in groups on the adaxial surface of older I. pes-caprae leaves. The larvae of this insect go through five instars, with the first three being gregarious with chemo-behavioral defenses. The exarated pupae of Z. lineata, light yellow in color and with an oval shape flattened dorsoventrally, attach to the abaxial surface of the I. pes-caprae leaves. The shape of adults of this insect is oval, straw yellow in color with lighter longitudinal stripes and females are slightly larger than males.
Comparação entre ecografia vascular com Doppler e exames contrastados na doença arterial crônica periférica
Authors: Cantador Alex Aparecido , Guillaumon Ana Terezinha
Published: July 2024

Resumo Contexto A ecografia vascular com Doppler (EVD) evoluiu nos últimos anos devido ao aprimoramento da tecnologia de aquisição e processamento da imagem. A disponibilidade do exame, o baixo custo e a ausência de efeitos deletérios de radiação e contraste tornam este método uma excelente opção no diagnóstico da doença arterial periférica. As quebras nas cadeias de suprimentos devido à pandemia de covid-19 levaram a uma escassez global de contraste iodado, reforçando a importância de validar abordagens alternativas. Objetivos Utilizar a EVD na decisão entre cirurgia aberta ou endovascular para doença arterial femoropoplítea e comparar os resultados com exames de contraste iodado. Métodos Comparamos EVD com exames contrastados (angiotomografia e arteriografia) em relação à localização de estenoses/oclusões e indicação do tratamento cirúrgico (by-pass vs. endovascular). Em uma primeira fase, os resultados foram apenas comparados entre EVD e angiotomografia. Numa segunda fase, os resultados da EVD foram usados na triagem entre by-pass vs. endovascular), sendo comparados com angiotomografia nos casos de cirurgia aberta e comparados com a arteriografia nos casos de tratamento endovascular. Resultados A sensibilidade da EVD em comparação com a angiotomografia na fase 1 foi de 100% para o território da artéria femoral superficial. Ao considerar apenas a indicação de by-pass versus endovascular, os resultados mostraram 100% de concordância para a Fase 1 e 94% para a Fase 2. Conclusões Com a ressalva do tamanho amostral, o estudo cumpriu seu objetivo de demonstrar a confiabilidade da EVD na indicação do tratamento cirúrgico entre aberto ou endovascular.
First record of Landoltia punctata (Araceae, Lemnoideae) in Amazonia
Authors: CABRAL Guilherme Sampaio , SOUSA Raimundo Luiz Moraes de , COSTA Antônio Augusto de Souza , LOUBACK-FRANCO Nayara , FARES Ana Luísa Biondi , CARMO Rayssa Silva do , JESUS Alexandro Monteiro de , POTT Vali Joana , MICHELAN Thaisa Sala
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT Landoltia punctata is a species of duckweed originating from India, but has been recorded in all continents, except Antarctica. It is of economic interest, being used in phytoremediation, but mainly due to its high invasive potential. Here we report the first record of this species in the Amazon region, both expanding its known distribution and raising awareness about the potential losses of biodiversity that may occur in the kind of environment where the species was registered. Future studies should focus on the competitive potential and population control of L. punctata in the region.
Filling a distribution gap: a new record of Pradosia ptychandra (Sapotaceae) from eastern Brazilian Amazonia
Authors: VASCONCELOS Caroline da Cruz , DIELE-VIEGAS Luisa Maria , CAMARGO José Luís Campana , FERRAZ Isolde Dorothea Kossmann , TERRA-ARAUJO Mário Henrique
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT Based on fertile material collected in January 2019, we report the first record of Pradosia ptychandra (Sapotaceae, Chrysophylloideae) to the flora of Amapá state, eastern Brazilian Amazonia. This new record fills a geographical gap between its previously known occurrences in the Guiana Shield and central Amazonia, improving our knowledge of its distribution pattern. We also provide comments on the taxonomy, preliminary conservation status, and current distribution of the species, in addition to an illustrative plate on its morphology and habitat.
Neuropsychological aspects of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome
Authors: Sousa Ícaro Araújo de , Azevedo Analina de Freitas , Veras Arthur de Oliveira , Barros-Araújo Marx Lima de , Santos Neto Elizeu Pereira dos , Marques Maria Andreia da Nóbrega , Foss Maria Paula , Silva-Néto Raimundo Pereira , Ricarte Irapuá Ferreira , Pontes-Neto Octávio Marques
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT. Despite the increasing knowledge in the past years, only minimal attention has been directed to the neuropsychological aspects and the prevalence of cognitive impairment associated with reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). Objective: To describe the frequency and expand the understanding of cognitive dysfunction in RCVS. Methods: The neuropsychological evaluation was performed using a battery consisting of specific neuropsychological instruments that were administered to patients diagnosed with RCVS. A triage was conducted to exclude other potential causes of cognitive impairment. Performance on the tests was treated as a categorical variable, and a cutoff of −1.5 Z-score was adopted to indicate impaired performance. Results: Seven patients diagnosed with RCVS were evaluated, all of whom had a bachelor's degree and normal score in the Mini-Mental State Examination. The average time between diagnosis and neuropsychological evaluation was 1.8 years. Among the patients, 85.6% (n=6) exhibited performance below that of the normal population in at least two of the administered tests. Specifically, 71.4% (n=5) showed alterations in tests from the Psychological Battery for Attention Assessment, with impairment observed in concentrated (n=1), divided (n=3), or alternating (n=4) attention. Furthermore, 28.6% (n=2) demonstrated impairments in the Phonological Verbal Fluency Task, another 28.6% (n=2) exhibited difficulties copying elements of the Rey Complex Figure, and 14.3% (n=1) displayed lower performance in the Five-Digit test, all indicating executive dysfunction. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that cognitive impairment associated with RCVS is more prevalent than previously believed and has not received sufficient attention. Specifically, attention and executive functions are the cognitive domains most significantly impacted by RCVS.
Comparação de fórmulas para cálculo da taxa de filtração glomerular estimada e seus limiares diagnósticos para doença renal crônica em pessoas idosas: um estudo transversal
Authors: Barreto Daniel Chagas , Farias Juan Lucca , Furlaneto Ismari Perini , Nunes Lucas Lobato Acatauassu
Published: July 2024

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar e comparar as fórmulas CKD-EPI, BIS1 e MDRD e o limiar diagnóstico de 45 e 60 ml/min/1,73m2 em pacientes idosos. Método Estudo observacional do tipo transversal, de caráter descritivo e analítico. Foram incluídos pacientes atendidos em ambulatório de referência entre janeiro/2020 e junho/2022, com idade ≥65 anos. Foram excluídos pacientes com apenas uma dosagem de creatinina ou com alterações transitórias da TFG. Resultados Observou-se que entre o grupo de pacientes com idade entre 65-74 anos e 75-84 anos as estimativas da TFG feitas pela fórmula CKD-EPI foram superiores às fórmulas BIS1 e MDRD. Enquanto, no grupo de pacientes com 85-94 anos a CKD-EPI não apresentou diferença quando comparada com MDRD, permaneceu com estimativas maiores apenas quando comparada com a BIS1. Observamos maior dispersão entre CKD-EPI e BIS1, mostrando menor concordância entre essas fórmulas, confirmada pelo teste Kappa (76,7%) e a concordância quase perfeita entre CKD-EPI e MDRD. Conclusão A fórmula BIS1 apresentou melhor correlação da diminuição da TFGe conforme o avanço das faixas etárias, podendo-se relacionar com o processo de envelhecimento renal fisiológico, podendo ser uma ferramenta auxiliar na estimativa da TFG em idosos, auxiliando no diagnóstico mais preciso da DRC, assim como, no planejamento de intervenções que possam retardar a progressão da DRC e prever risco de mortalidade por doenças cardiovasculares.
Associação entre insuficiência cardíaca e consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados em idosos: um estudo transversal
Authors: Ribeiro Guilherme José Silva , Nobre Luciana Neri , Santos Gabriela Rocha dos , Moriguchi Emilio Hideyuki , Pinto André de Araújo
Published: July 2024

Resumo Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de insuficiência cardíaca (IC) e explorar sua possível associação com o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados (AUP) em idosos. Método Este estudo transversal utilizou prontuários médicos de 1.322 idosos (55% mulheres; idade média de 70,4 anos) tratados na atenção primária à saúde no estado de Roraima, Brasil. Um cardiologista diagnosticou a IC com base em testes diagnósticos como ecocardiografia, avaliação clínica e análise do histórico médico. Nutricionistas avaliaram o consumo de AUP utilizando um formulário nacional comumente utilizado nas unidades de saúde primária brasileiras. Resultados Os achados revelaram que 15,4% dos idosos tinham IC. Observaram-se associações significativas entre grupos de AUP e IC, com a probabilidade de IC variando de OR=1,97 (IC 95% =1,36–2,84) para o consumo de hambúrgueres e/ou salsichas a OR=2,59 (IC 95% =1,73–3,74) para o consumo de biscoitos, doces e guloseimas. Conclusão O consumo de AUP foi associado a uma alta prevalência de IC nessa amostra de idosos brasileiros. Formuladores de políticas e profissionais de saúde diretamente envolvidos com essa população devem colaborar em ações direcionadas e orientações para reduzir o consumo de AUP e aumentar a ingestão de alimentos não processados.
System for Evaluation of Teaching Qualities (SETQ) Smart for use in Brazil: resident’s version
Authors: Bezerra Naarai Camboim , Lombarts Kiki M. J. M. H. , Naiz Sarah Camboim del Rio , Castanhel Flávia Del , Grosseman Suely
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT Introduction: It is commonly recognized that the enhancement of students’ learning potential is directly related to preceptors’ qualities. In this sense, the assessment of teachers’ practice becomes an essential element in ensuring the quality in the training of new specialists. However, in the context of medical education in Brazil, there are currently few studies on the evaluation of preceptors and a shortage of instruments for this purpose. One of the currently available instruments is the System for Evaluation of Teaching Qualities (SETQ) Smart. Objective: To conduct a cross-cultural adaptation and content validity of SETQ for use in Brazil. Methods: This instrument comprises two versions and, in this study, the version for residents was adapted for preceptor assessment. The cultural adaptation followed five steps: two initial English to Brazilian Portuguese translations; two synthesis translations; two back-translations; an expert committee assessment of conceptual analysis, semantic, idiomatic and cultural equivalences; and a pre-test. In addition, a panel of expert judges conducted the content validation. Results: Forty resident physicians, with a median age of 30 (IQR = 6.25), participated in the pre-test. Eighty percent of the participants rated the components that make up the SETQ Smart as clear and culturally appropriate, except for the title statement. The expert panel of judges comprised ten residents, 70% female. The agreement rates ranged from 80 to 100% regarding clarity, cultural adequacy, item representativeness within their respective domains and each item permanence in the instrument assessments. Conclusion: This study culturally adapted one of the two versions of the SETQ Smart for use in Brazil and provided preliminary evidence sources of validity of the versions through content validation.
Impacto do uso da verificação eletroacústica dos aparelhos de amplificação sonora individual na percepção de fala e desempenho do usuário nas atividades diárias
Authors: Lopes Fábio Heleno , Resende Luciana Macedo de
Published: July 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o impacto da verificação eletroacústica no grau de satisfação e no reconhecimento de fala no silêncio e no ruído em usuários de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual. Métodos: foram avaliados 24 usuários que utilizavam o dispositivo há pelo menos um ano e sem realização anterior de verificação eletroacústica. Em um primeiro encontro, os participantes responderam ao questionário de validação International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids e atribuíram uma nota de satisfação por meio da escala visual analógica. Em seguida, foram submetidos a testes de percepção de fala no silêncio e no ruído, finalizando com a realização da verificação eletroacústica. Retornaram após três meses e repetiram as avaliações da primeira etapa. Para a análise dos dados, foram utilizados os testes de Wilcoxon e Teste t pareado, valor de p ≤ 0,05. Resultados: observou-se melhora na avaliação da escala visual analógica, na pontuação do International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids, no limiar de percepção de fala no silêncio e ruído e na relação sinal/ruído no seguimento de três meses. Conclusão: após a verificação eletroacústica, os usuários que utilizavam o dispositivo há pelo menos um ano apresentaram melhora substancial no grau de satisfação e na percepção de fala no silêncio e no ruído.
Language functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A scoping review
Authors: Lima Leilane Júlia Chaves de , Britto Denise Brandão de Oliveira e , Nogueira Gabriela Damaris Ribeiro , Lemos Stela Maris Aguiar
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose: to map and synthesize scientific evidence on language functioning in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder Autism Spectrum Disorder. Methods: this scoping review aimed at mapping and synthesizing scientific evidence on language functioning in children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. A research question, article selection, and compilation of results were used as research strategies. The selection criteria were studies with samples of children and adolescents, addressing Autism Spectrum Disorder, speech-language-hearing therapy, communication, language, and functioning. After independent evaluators read the titles, keywords, abstracts, and full texts, they recorded the following data for the review: year of publication, type of study, country of origin, sample size, age of participants, instruments used, language subsystems assessed, and results. Literature review: the search found 1,056 articles, of which 536 were read in full, and 16 were included. There was great variability in assessment instruments and few studies involving adolescents. Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder had changes in language functioning related to pragmatics, morphosyntax, semantics, and phonology. Conclusion: the preliminary evidence map indicates that children and adolescents with ASD have a variety of language changes.