bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multidisciplinary evidence of an isolated Neanderthal occupation in Abric del Pastor (Alcoi, Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Sossa-Ríos Santiago , Mayor Alejandro , Hernández Cristo M. , Bencomo Mariel , Pérez Leopoldo , Galván Bertila , Mallol Carolina , Vaquero Manuel
Published: September 2022

Testing Neanderthal behavioural hypotheses requires a spatial–temporal resolution to the level of a human single occupation episode. Yet, most of the behavioural data on Neanderthals has been obtained from coarsely dated, time-averaged contexts affected by the archaeological palimpsest effect and a diversity of postdepositional processes. This implies that time-resolved Neanderthal behaviour remains largely unknown. In this study, we performed archaeostratigraphic analysis on stratigraphic units ive, ivf, ivg, va, vb and vc from Abric del Pastor (Alcoi, Iberian Peninsula). Further, we isolated the archaeological remains associated with the resulting archaeostratigraphic unit and applied raw material, technological, use-wear, archaeozoological and spatial analyses. Our results show a low-density accumulation of remains from flintknapping, flint tool-use and animal processing around a hearth. These data provide a time-resolved human dimension to previous high-resolution environmental and pyrotechnological data on the same hearth, representing the first comprehensive characterisation of a Neanderthal single occupation episode. Our integrated, multidisciplinary method also contributes to advance our understanding of archaeological record formation processes.
Fertility costs of cryptic viral infections in a model social insect
Authors: Chapman Abigail , Amiri Esmaeil , Han Bin , McDermott Erin , Rueppell Olav , Tarpy David R. , Foster Leonard J. , McAfee Alison
Published: September 2022

Declining insect populations emphasize the importance of understanding the drivers underlying reductions in insect fitness. Here, we investigated viruses as a threat to social insect reproduction, using honey bees as a model species. We report that in two independent surveys (N = 93 and N = 54, respectively) of honey bee (Apis mellifera) queens taken from a total of ten beekeeping operations across British Columbia, high levels of natural viral infection are associated with decreased ovary mass. Failed (poor quality) queens displayed higher levels of viral infection, reduced sperm viability, smaller ovaries, and altered ovary protein composition compared to healthy queens. We experimentally infected queens with Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) and found that the ovary masses of IAPV-injected queens were significantly smaller than control queens, demonstrating a causal relationship between viral infection and ovary size. Queens injected with IAPV also had significantly lower expression of vitellogenin, the main source of nutrition deposited into developing oocytes, and higher levels of heat-shock proteins, which are part of the honey bee’s antiviral response. This work together shows that viral infections occurring naturally in the field are compromising queen reproductive success.
ADGRL3 genomic variation implicated in neurogenesis and ADHD links functional effects to the incretin polypeptide GIP
Authors: Vidal Oscar M. , Vélez Jorge I. , Arcos-Burgos Mauricio
Published: September 2022

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptor L3 (ADGRL3) gene are associated with increased susceptibility to developing ADHD worldwide. However, the effect of ADGRL3 non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) on the ADGRL3 protein function is vastly unknown. Using several bioinformatics tools to evaluate the impact of mutations, we found that nsSNPs rs35106420, rs61747658, and rs734644, previously reported to be associated and in linkage with ADHD in disparate populations from the world over, are predicted as pathogenic variants. Docking analysis of rs35106420, harbored in the ADGLR3-hormone receptor domain (HRM, a common extracellular domain of the secretin-like GPCRs family), showed that HRM interacts with the Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), part of the incretin hormones family. GIP has been linked to the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, and our analyses suggest a potential link to ADHD. Overall, the comprehensive application of bioinformatics tools showed that functional mutations in the ADGLR3 gene disrupt the standard and wild ADGRL3 structure, most likely affecting its metabolic regulation. Further in vitro experiments are granted to evaluate these in silico predictions of the ADGRL3-GIP interaction and dissect the complexity underlying the development of ADHD.
Impact of washing parameters on bacterial filtration efficiency and breathability of community and medical facemasks
Authors: Whyte Henrietta Essie , Joubert Aurélie , Leclerc Lara , Sarry Gwendoline , Verhoeven Paul , Le Coq Laurence , Pourchez Jérémie
Published: September 2022

Can medical face masks be replaced by reusable community face masks with similar performance? The influence of the number of wash cycles, the wash temperature and the use of detergent was evaluated on the performance of one medical face masks (MFM) and ten community face masks (CFM). The performance of the new and washed masks was characterized from the bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE) and the differential pressure (DP). The tests on the new masks showed that the MFM had always better BFE than CFMs. Although two of the CFMs showed a BFE value exceeding 95%, only one can be classified as type I MFM based on both BFE and DP requirements. The influence of the washing parameters was investigated on the MFM and these two CMFs with excellent BFE properties. The parameters had no effect on the BFE of CFMs whilst the MFM exhibited a loss in efficiency when washed with detergent. The DP of masks were not impacted by the washing. The results clearly show that even though a compromise has to be made between the BFE and breathability, it seems possible to manufacture CFMs with performances similar to a type I MFM, without achieving type II requirements.
Introduction
Authors: Neupane G. P.
Published: September 2022

Low-symmetry in-plane anisotropic two dimensional (2D) materials cover a wide range of materials including black phosphorus, group IV monochalcogenides (GeS, GeSe, SnS, SnSe, etc.), Xenes (silicene, germanene, stanene, etc.), 2D organics (pentacene, dioctylbenzothienobenzothiophene (C8-BTBT), etc.), and more. These anisotropic 2D materials offer unique and rich low-dimensional physics in comparison to isotropic 2D materials including graphene, TMDs, etc. The reduced dimensionality and dielectric screening in such 2D materials and strong light–matter interaction in them lead to a high binding energy quasi-1D particle system. Hence, in-plane anisotropic 2D materials can provide much fertile land for novel optical, electronic, optoelectronic, thermoelectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric applications compared to in-plane isotropic 2D materials. This introductory chapter firstly overviews the various types of anisotropic 2D materials. Then, it emphasizes their various anisotropic natures such as optical (absorption, photoluminescence and Raman scattering), electronic, thermal and mechanical anisotropies. Finally, it summarizes the potential device applications depending upon such anisotropies.
A novel three-dimensional molecularly imprinted polypyrrole electrochemical sensor based on MOF derived porous carbon and nitrogen doped graphene for ultrasensitive determination of dopamine
Authors: Bu Liyin , Jiang Ding , Song Qingyuan , Shan Xueling , Wang Wenchang , Chen Zhidong
Published: September 2022

The fabrication processes of Ppy–MIP/ZrO2@C/NPG/GCE.
Facile synthesis of epsilon iron oxides via spray drying for millimeter-wave absorption
Authors: Jo Gi Ryeon , Yun Min Byeol , Hun Son Yeong , Park Byeongjin , Lee Jung-Goo , Kim Young-Guk , Son Young-Guk , Baek Youn-Kyoung
Published: September 2022

We report a simple and continuous spray-drying method to synthesize high-purity epsilon iron oxide (ε-Fe2O3). The strategy enables ferromagnetic resonance tuning, making it potentially usable in millimeter-wave absorbers.
Vacancy-enhanced oxygen redox and structural stability of spinel Li2Mn3O7−x
Authors: Yang Lu , Liu Zepeng , Li Shuwei , Hu Zhiwei , Kong Qingyu , Shen Xi , Liu Qi , Zhu He , Chen Jin-Ming , Haw Shu-Chih , Gao Yurui , Yingying Wang , Su Dong , Wang Xuefeng , Yu Richeng , Wang Zhaoxiang , Chen Liquan
Published: September 2022

Soft-chemistry prepared spinel [Li4/7Mn2/7□1/7]8a[Li4/7Mn10/7]16d[O4−x′]32e (Li2Mn3O7−x) with both Li–O–□ and Li–O–Li configurations exhibits oxygen redox and low-strain features during cycling.
Luminescent magnesium complexes with intra- and inter-ligand charge transfer
Authors: Kumar Rohit , Pahar Sanjukta , Chatterjee Joy , Dash Soumya Ranjan , Gonnade Rajesh G. , Vanka Kumar , Sen Sakya S.
Published: September 2022

Herein, we report two 2,2′-pyridylpyrrolide (PyPyrH) ligand supported magnesium complexes (1 and 2), which demonstrate bright luminescence with a quantum yield of 22% and 14% in the solid state, respectively.
7-Azaindole breaks carboxylic acid dimers and simplifies VCD spectra analyses of natural products
Authors: Grassin Corentin , Santoro Ernesto , Merten Christian
Published: September 2022

The simple addition of 7AI enables the analysis of the VCD-spectra of carboxylic acids without the need to compute the full conformational space of the homodimers (COOH)2.
Long-lived photoluminescence from an eight-coordinate zirconium(iv) complex with four 2-(2′-pyridyl)pyrrolide ligands
Authors: Leary Dylan C. , Martinez Jordan C. , Akhmedov Novruz G. , Petersen Jeffrey L. , Milsmann Carsten
Published: September 2022

An eight-coordinate zirconium complex shows dual emission from ligand-to-metal excited states with long photoluminescence lifetime.
New insights into the nucleation of magnesium hydroxide and the influence of poly(acrylic acid) during the early stages of Mg(OH)2 crystallisation
Authors: Scheck J. , Berg J. K. , Drechsler M. , Kempter A. , Van Driessche A. E. S. , Cölfen H. , Gebauer D. , Kellermeier M.
Published: September 2022

Potentiometric titrations and transmission electron microscopy reveal the complex mechanisms of magnesium hydroxide formation from solution and show how polycarboxylates may interfere with the process and alter the properties of the final product.
Multitopic 3,2′:6′,3′′-terpyridine ligands as 4-connecting nodes in two-dimensional 4,4-networks
Authors: Manfroni Giacomo , Spingler Bernhard , Prescimone Alessandro , Constable Edwin C. , Housecroft Catherine E.
Published: September 2022

Ligands containing two 3,2′:6′,3′′-terpyridine metal-binding domains act as 4-connecting nodes in 2D (4,4)-networks; subtle structural changes occur on coordination to Cu(ii) or Zn(ii).
Tuning the bonding dimensions for coordination polymers based on rare earth metal ions
Authors: Zhou Juan , Yu Wanting , Tang Sisi , He Xiaomin , Zhang Xinlei , Zhou Lian , Sun Lin , Zhang Jun
Published: September 2022

The micro dimensions for the coordination polymers (CPs), namely, 1D chain (compound 1), 2D sheet (compound 2), and 3D skeleton (compound 3), were constructed from Eu3+, Ho3+, and Tb3+, respectively, coordinating with the same ligand.
Electronic structure, defect properties, and optimization of the band gap of the earth-abundant and low-toxicity photovoltaic absorber Cu3SbS4
Authors: Huang Dan , Lin Changqing , Xue Yang , Chen Shiyou , Zhao Yu-Jun , Persson Clas
Published: September 2022

As a promising photovoltaic absorber, S vacancies should be avoided and isovalent element alloying is suggested to increase the band gap and improve the spectroscopic limited maximum efficiency (SLME) in Cu3SbS4.
An ab initio study of the rovibronic spectrum of sulphur monoxide (SO): diabatic vs. adiabatic representation
Authors: Brady R. P. , Yurchenko S. N. , Kim G.-S. , Somogyi W. , Tennyson J.
Published: September 2022

We present an ab initio study of the rovibronic spectra of sulphur monoxide (32S16O) using internally contracted multireference configuration interaction (ic-MRCI) method and aug-cc-pV5Z basis sets where non-adiabatic effects are treated.
The highly efficient electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural on copper nanocrystalline/carbon hybrid catalysts: structure–function relations
Authors: Lu Xingyu , Qi Ke , Wang Di , Dai Xueya , Qi Wei
Published: September 2022

The Cu species in Cu(NSD)/CP exhibit a high electrochemical specific surface area, which allows efficient transformation from Cu0and Cu1+species to Cu2+with high catalytic capacity, resulting in excellent catalytic performance (96% yield of FDCA).
Recent advances in luminescent metallacycles/metallacages for biomedical imaging and cancer therapy
Authors: Pang Yida , Li Chonglu , Deng Hongping , Sun Yao
Published: September 2022

Rational design of luminescent metallacycles/metallacages for advanced biomedical imaging and cancer therapy.
Engineering a self-adaptive electric double layer on both electrodes for high-performance zinc metal batteries
Authors: Lv Yanqun , Zhao Ming , Du Yadong , Kang Yu , Xiao Ying , Chen Shimou
Published: September 2022

A zwitterionic ionic liquid additive enables a high-performance aqueous Zn metal batteryviaconstructing a self-adaptive electric double layer for both electrodes.
A natural deep eutectic solvent-based aqueous biphasic system coupled with MoS2 photocatalytic reduction for green recovery of gold from thiosulfate solution
Authors: Zhu Guiping , Yu Junhui , Zhang Ru , Chen Ding , Ma Xiaoyu , Zhao Lingling , Huang Qilan , Yang Xiangjun , Wang Shixiong
Published: September 2022

Aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) extraction combined with a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) is an environmentally friendly separation process.
Predicting a process window for the roll-to-roll deposition of solvent-engineered SnO2 in perovskite solar cells
Authors: Richards David , Burkitt Daniel , Patidar Rahul , Beynon David , Watson Trystan
Published: September 2022

We use a coating model to enable homogenous deposition of SnO2 for perovskite solar cells. Solvent engineering of the formulation and adaptation of coating parameters is used to apply defect free layers using slot-die coating.
A salt-triggered multifunctional smart window derived from a dynamic polyampholyte hydrogel
Authors: Guo Jing , Wu Shanshan , Wang Yilei , Huang Jinhui , Xie Hui , Zhou Shaobing
Published: September 2022

A salt-triggered transparency-switchable polyampholyte hydrogel is engineered as a multifunctional smart window featuring active and facile light modulation ability, on-demand information-provision management capacity, and self-healing capacity.
Single-molecule detection with enhanced Raman scattering of tungsten oxide nanostructure
Authors: Shingaya Yoshitaka , Takaki Hirokazu , Kobayashi Nobuhiko , Aono Masakazu , Nakayama Tomonobu
Published: September 2022

A very large enhancement of Raman scattering was observed for WOx nanorods with the {001}CS structure, enabling single-molecule detection of CO molecules adsorbed on WOx nanorods through Raman scattering.
The role of crystal facets and disorder on photo-electrosynthesis
Authors: Pastor Ernest , Montañés Laura , Gutiérrez-Blanco Ana , Hegner Franziska S. , Mesa Camilo A. , López Núria , Giménez Sixto
Published: September 2022

We review how crystal facets, structural reconstructions and disorder impact the performance of electrodes for energy conversion.
The role of indolyl substituents in squaramide-based anionophores
Authors: Picci Giacomo , Carreira-Barral Israel , Alonso-Carrillo Daniel , Busonera Chiara , Milia Jessica , Quesada Roberto , Caltagirone Claudia
Published: September 2022

A new family of squaramide-based anionophores (L1–L8) have been synthesised and fully characterised with the aim to investigate the effect of indolyl substituents on their anion binding and transmembrane transport properties.
A photoactive lysosome targeting RuII complex downregulates stemness genes in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Roy Souryadip , Mitra Paromita , Acharya Sourav , Roy Shantanu Saha , Ghosh Shilpendu , Maji Moumita , Modak Niladri , Ghosh Nirmalya , Acharya Moulinath , Singh Sandeep , Mukherjee Arindam
Published: September 2022

Morphocumin coordinated RuII–p-cymene complex acts as a type-I photosensitizer to inhibit growth of CSC enriched 3D-spheroids of oral squamous carcinoma downregulating stemness genes (cMYC, SOX2, OCT4) with no systemic toxicity to zebrafish embryos in the dark.
Zinc vacancy modulated quaternary metallic oxynitride GeZn1.7ON1.8: as a high-performance anode for lithium-ion storage
Authors: Yao Jinli , Ma Fukun , Wang Yan-Jie , Zuo Yinzhe , Yan Wei
Published: September 2022

Zn-defected GeZn1.7ON1.8 (GeZn1.7−xON1.8) was successfully synthesized by a simple ammoniation and acid etching method. This well-designed Zn cation-deficient GeZn1.7−xON1.8 anode shows enhanced lithium-ion storage performance.
Antibacterial activity of the micro and nanostructures of the optical material tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum and its application as an antimicrobial coating
Authors: Saeed Abdu , Madkhli Aysh Y. , Pashameah Rami Adel , Bataweel Noor M. , Razvi Mir Ali , Salah Numan
Published: September 2022

This research gives insight into the optical material tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq3) micro and nanostructures as an antimicrobial agent against different human pathogenic bacteria. In this work, Alq3 was applied as an antimicrobial coating.
Renewable biomass-derived carbon-based hosts for lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Zhao Zhiqiang , Su Zhe , Chen Hongli , Yi Shan , Zhang Wanyu , Niu Bo , Zhang Yayun , Long Donghui
Published: September 2022

This review sorts biomass-derived carbon-based hosts out according to their structure and properties, aiming to elucidate the great potential of biomass-derived carbon in achieving high-performance sulfur cathodes.
Thermodynamics predicts a stable microdroplet phase in polymer–gel mixtures undergoing elastic phase separation
Authors: Biswas Subhadip , Mukherjee Biswaroop , Chakrabarti Buddhapriya
Published: September 2022

We develop a theory of equilibrium thermodynamics for phase separating polymer–gel mixtures and show that elastic interactions of the gel stabilize a microdroplet phase composed of many droplets.
A ‘poly(ions–water ligand) network’ electrolyte enables high-voltage high-conductivity aqueous metal-ion chemistries
Authors: Qin Tianfeng , Chen Hao , Fang Wenzhang , Cao Guozhong , Gao Chao
Published: September 2022

A ‘poly(ions–water ligand) network’ electrolyte (PINE) is reported and indicates a wide electrochemical stability window of ∼4.6 V and a high ionic conductivity of ∼110 mS cm−1 at 25 °C.
Visualization of HOCl in the brains of Alzheimer's disease models using an easily available two-photon fluorogenic probe
Authors: Ke Jia , Zhao Peixu , Li Jianfeng , Fu Qiang
Published: September 2022

As an inflammatory signaling molecule, hypochlorous acid (HOCl), which is generated by myeloperoxidase (MPO) catalysis, is associated with neuronal cell death during neuroinflammation and the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Raspberry-like AgBiS2@PVP nanoparticles for enhanced sonodynamic and chemodynamic cancer therapy
Authors: Xu Qi , Wu Jiarui , Feng Yiming , Hu Han , Mo Zhimin , Xu Zushun , Li Hewei , Yang Shengli
Published: September 2022

Schematic illustration of AgBiS2@PVP nanoparticle working mechanism for multimodal combination therapy. Raspberry-like AgBiS2@PVP nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared, and the combination of SDT and CDT showed a clear inhibitory effect on tumor cells.
A review of inkjet printing technology for personalized-healthcare wearable devices
Authors: Du Xian , Wankhede Sahil P. , Prasad Shishir , Shehri Ali , Morse Jeffrey , Lakal Narendra
Published: September 2022

Personalized healthcare (PHC) is a booming sector in the health science domain wherein researchers from diverse technical backgrounds are focusing on the need for remote human health monitoring.
Twisted aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) contribute to mechanochromism materials: a review
Authors: Sun Yuqing , Lei Ziqiang , Ma Hengchang
Published: September 2022

Mechanochromic luminescence (MCL) materials have several promising advantages, such as controllable response, high sensing ability and recyclable utilization, and thus can be widely used as file encryption, security inks, stress sensors, etc.
A temperature-dependent tricoloured mechanochromic fluorescence material with polymorphic structures
Authors: Zhang Xinghong , Yuan Shuang , Lu Yunxiang , Lan Haichuang , Xiao Shuzhang , Yi Tao
Published: September 2022

Polymorph prediction successfully screens out a polymorphic molecule that exhibits unique tri-colored temperature-dependent mechanochromism.
The impact of Yb3+ concentration on multiband upconversion in a single NaYF4:Yb/Er microcrystal determined via nanosecond time-resolved spectroscopy
Authors: Huang Hanchang , Yuan Maohui , Xing Zhongyang , Cui Wenda , Yu Tongcheng , Hu Shuai , Zhao Guomin , Guo Chuan , Han Kai
Published: September 2022

In lanthanide-sensitized upconversion (UC) nanomaterials, the typical sensitizer Yb3+ can significantly modulate the codoped activator (such as Er3+ ions) to generate multiband transitions.
CuSCN as a hole transport layer in an inorganic solution-processed planar Sb2S3solar cell, enabling carbon-based and semitransparent photovoltaics
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , You Shujie , Vomiero Alberto
Published: September 2022

CuSCN as HTL is used in inorganic planar carbon electrode-based Sb2S3solar cells resulting in a higher PCE (1.95%) compared to Au (PCE = 1.75%). Also, this planar device architecture enables a semitransparent solar cell (PCE = 1.67%, AVT = 27.6%).
MT1X is an oncogene and indicates prognosis in ccRCC
Authors: Ding Yanpeng , Fang Jiayu , Chen Mengge , Xu Yulian , Liu Nuomin , Fang Sha , Xiang Wenbin , Chen Rui , Wu Chaoyan , Yu Haijun
Published: September 2022

The metallothionein 1 (MT1) family was previously shown to be involved in metal ion homeostasis, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and carcinogenesis. Our team’s previous study showed that MT1X is most closely associated with ccRCC. However, its role in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) remains unclear. The present study aimed to demonstrate MT1X’s prognostic value, potential biologic function, impact on the immune system, and influence on cell growth, the cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration in the setting of ccRCC. The relationship between clinical pathologic features and MT1X was analyzed using bioinformatics. We knocked down MT1X in the ccRCC cell line 786O with si-MT1X to verify the results of the bioinformatic analysis at the cytological level. Apoptosis assay, cell cycle assay, wound-healing assay, colony formation assay, and RT-qPCR were performed. MT1X is correlated with the stage (T and M) and grade and is able to be an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC. The TISIDB database analysis showed a significant correlation between MT1X and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes such as central memory CD8+ T cells and γΔT cells. MT1X was also positively related to immunomodulators such as TGFB1 and CXCR4. We also found that MT1X knockdown inhibits cell growth, induces apoptosis, arrests cells in the S cell cycle, and inhibits the wound healing proportion in ccRCC. Gene set enrichment analysis and quantitative PCR (q-PCR) analysis found that down-regulation of MT1X reduced the accumulation of hypoxia-associated factors. Bioinformatic analysis associated increased MT1X expression with a worse prognosis. Laboratory experiments confirmed bioinformatic findings. MT1X was also found to be an independent prognostic biomarker for ccRCC and is involved in immune system regulation.
Functional benefit of structural disorder for the replication of measles, Nipah and Hendra viruses
Authors: Gondelaud Frank , Pesce Giulia , Nilsson Juliet F. , Bignon Christophe , Ptchelkine Denis , Gerlier Denis , Mathieu Cyrille , Longhi Sonia
Published: September 2022

Measles, Nipah and Hendra viruses are severe human pathogens within the Paramyxoviridae family. Their non-segmented, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA genome is encapsidated by the nucleoprotein (N) within a helical nucleocapsid that is the substrate used by the viral RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase (RpRd) for transcription and replication. The RpRd is a complex made of the large protein (L) and of the phosphoprotein (P), the latter serving as an obligate polymerase cofactor and as a chaperon for N. Both the N and P proteins are enriched in intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), i.e. regions devoid of stable secondary and tertiary structure. N possesses a C-terminal IDR (NTAIL), while P consists of a large, intrinsically disordered N-terminal domain (NTD) and a C-terminal domain (CTD) encompassing alternating disordered and ordered regions. The V and W proteins, two non-structural proteins that are encoded by the P gene via a mechanism of co-transcriptional edition of the P mRNA, are prevalently disordered too, sharing with P the disordered NTD. They are key players in the evasion of the host antiviral response and were shown to phase separate and to form amyloid-like fibrils in vitro. In this review, we summarize the available information on IDRs within the N, P, V and W proteins from these three model paramyxoviruses and describe their molecular partnership. We discuss the functional benefit of disorder to virus replication in light of the critical role of IDRs in affording promiscuity, multifunctionality, fine regulation of interaction strength, scaffolding functions and in promoting liquid–liquid phase separation and fibrillation.
State of the art on vibration signal processing towards data‐driven gear fault diagnosis
Authors: Zhang Shouhua , Zhou Jiehan , Wang Erhua , Zhang Hong , Gu Mu , Pirttikangas Susanna
Published: September 2022

Gear fault diagnosis (GFD) based on vibration signals is a popular research topic in industry and academia. This paper provides a comprehensive summary and systematic review of vibration signal‐based GFD methods in recent years, thereby providing insights for relevant researchers. The authors first introduce the common gear faults and their vibration signal characteristics. The authors overview and compare the common feature extraction methods, such as adaptive mode decomposition, deconvolution, mathematical morphological filtering, and entropy. For each method, this paper introduces its idea, analyses its advantages and disadvantages, and reviews its application in GFD. Then the authors present machine learning‐based methods for gear fault recognition and emphasise deep learning‐based methods. Moreover, the authors compare different fault recognition methods. Finally, the authors discuss the challenges and opportunities towards data‐driven GFD.
A two‐stage hue‐preserving and saturation improvement color image enhancement algorithm without gamut problem
Authors: Zhou Datang , He Gang , Xu Kang , Liu Chang
Published: September 2022

A novel hue‐preserving and color enrichment color image enhancement algorithm without gamut problem is proposed in this paper. First, the pixel values of the input image are stretched to the edge of RGB color space to improve the saturation. Then, the pixel values are converted to the complementary color space for saturation enhancement, so that the whole method has no gamut problem and keeps the contrast intensity of the output picture unchanged. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can overcome the poor color effect of traditional methods in the condition of low exposure and can restore the picture color better. Besides, higher saturation can be achieved through the proposed algorithm than up‐to‐date color image enhancement methods.
An effective model for the iris regional characteristics and classification using deep learning alex network
Authors: Balashanmugam Thiyaneswaran , Sengottaiyan Kumarganesh , Kulandairaj Martin Sagayam , Dang Hien
Published: September 2022

Iris biometrics is one of the fastest‐growing technologies, and it has received a lot of attention from the community. Iris‐biometric‐based human recognition does not require contact with the human body. Iris is a combination of crypts, wolflin nodules, concentrated furrows, and pigment spots. The existing methods feed the eye image into deep learning network which result in improper iris features and certainly reduce the accuracy. This research study proposes a model to feed preprocessed accurate iris boundary into Alexnet deep learning neural network‐based system for classification. The pupil centre and boundary are initially recorded and identified from the given eye images. The iris boundary and the centre are then compared for the identification using the reference pupil centre and boundary. The iris portion, exclusive feature of the pupil area is segmented using the parameters of multiple left‐right point (MLRP) algorithms. The Alexnet deep learning multilayer networks 23, 24, and 25 are replaced according to the segmented iris classes. The remaining Alexnet layers are trained using the square gradient decay factor (GDF) in accordance with the iris features. The trained Alexnet iris is validated using suitable classes. The proposed system classifies the iris with an accuracy of 99.1%. The sensitivity, specificity, and F1‐score of the proposed system are 99.68%, 98.36%, and 0.995. The experimental results show that the proposed model has advantages over current models.
A target localisation method with monostatic radar via multi‐observation data association
Authors: Ding Rui , Wang Zhuang , Jiang Libing , Liu Zhang , Zheng Shuyu
Published: September 2022

Traditionally, radar‐based localisation systems are designed to deal with targets in line‐of‐sight (LOS) scenarios. However, the performance of those radar systems is limited by multipath echoes reflected from non‐line‐of‐sight (NLOS) targets and walls in the urban areas. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in multipath exploitation methods aided by urban environmental knowledge. Based on the exploitation of space diversity provided by the multipath effect, this article proposes a novel two‐stage localisation method using a single monostatic radar via association of multipath time‐of‐arrivals (TOAs). In the offline stage, reference TOA data at different locations is generated by a ray‐tracing method to avoid the heterogeneity of multipath propagation at different locations, assuming that the environment information is completely known prior. In the online stage, the TOA set of multipath echoes from the target is estimated by a sparse reconstruction method to achieve super‐resolution rather than the matched filter. Then based on the finite‐set statistics (FISST) theory, a grid‐based multi‐observation data association (GMODA) algorithm is present as the likelihood function of the multipath measurement given a candidate location, which is followed by a maximum likelihood estimation to derive the location of the target. Furthermore, the global nearest neighbour approximation of GMODA is introduced to avoid combinatorial explosion in the association algorithm. Simulation and experiment results on a single antenna millimetre‐wave radar in various scenarios show that the proposed method achieves high localisation accuracy in both LOS and NLOS conditions while maintaining low computational cost at the same time. The presented results suggest that our method can be applied to target localisation applications in the complex urban environment.
Zonal direct-hybrid aeroacoustic simulation of trailing edge noise using a high-order discontinuous Galerkin spectral element method
Authors: Kempf Daniel , Munz Claus-Dieter
Published: September 2022

We present the extension of a discontinuous Galerkin framework to zonal direct-hybrid aeroacoustic simulations. This extension provides the ability to simultaneously perform a zonal large eddy simulation (LES), solving the compressible Navier–Stokes equations, and an acoustic propagation simulation, solving the acoustic perturbation equations. In doing so, the acoustic sources are exchanged without using the file system, and the bottleneck of I/O operations is avoided. This approach is well suited for large-scale simulations done in high-performance computing. The zonal LES uses the recently introduced recycling rescaling anisotropic linear forcing as a turbulent inflow method. We present a methodology to model the required Reynolds stresses based on the distribution of the turbulent kinetic energy obtained from solving the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations. We show at the example of a turbulent flow over a flat plate and a NACA 64418 trailing edge simulation that the chosen model of the Reynolds stresses is valid. Direct-hybrid simulation results of a NACA 0012 airfoil, including tonal self-noise and a NACA 64418 trailing edge, demonstrate the presented approach’s applicability. This zonal direct-hybrid simulation approach shows great potential for efficient hybrid computational aeroacoustic simulations in high-performance computing.
Near-ear sound pressure level distribution in everyday life considering the user’s own voice and privacy
Authors: Pohlhausen Jule , Holube Inga , Bitzer Joerg
Published: September 2022

Recently, exploring acoustic conditions of people in their everyday environments has drawn a lot of attention. One of the most important and disturbing sound sources is the test participant’s own voice. This contribution proposes an algorithm to determine the own-voice audio segments (OVS) for blocks of 125 ms and a method for measuring sound pressure levels (SPL) without violating privacy laws. The own voice detection (OVD) algorithm here developed is based on a machine learning algorithm and a set of acoustic features that do not allow for speech reconstruction. A manually labeled real-world recording of one full day showed reliable and robust detection results. Moreover, the OVD algorithm was applied to 13 near-ear recordings of hearing-impaired participants in an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study. The analysis shows that the grand mean percentage of predicted OVS during one day was approx. 10% which corresponds well to other published data. These OVS had a small impact on the median SPL over all data. However, for short analysis intervals, significant differences up to 30 dB occurred in the measured SPL, depending on the proportion of OVS and the SPL of the background noise.
A standard processing framework for the location data of satellite-linked buoys on drifting fish aggregating devices
Authors: Baidai Yannick , Uranga Jon , Grande Maitane , Murua Hilario , Santiago Josu , Quincoces Iñaki , Boyra Guillermo , Orue Blanca , Floch Laurent , Capello Manuela
Published: September 2022

Satellite-linked buoys used by tropical tuna purse-seine vessels on drifting fish aggregating devices (DFADs) provide a continuous stream of information on both the ocean characteristics and the presence and size of fish aggregations associated with DFADs, enabling the study of pelagic communities. This unprecedented amount of data is characterized by ocean-scale coverage with high spatial and temporal resolutions, but also by different data formats and specifications depending on buoy model and brand, as well as on the type of data exchange agreements into play. Their use for scientific and management purposes is therefore critically dependent on the abilities of algorithms to process heterogeneous data formats and resolutions. This paper proposes a unified set of algorithms for processing the buoys location data used by the two major purse seine fleets operating in the Atlantic and Indian oceans. Three main issues that need to be addressed prior to the exploitation of the data are identified (structural errors, data records on land and on-board vessels) and five specific filtering criteria are proposed to improve the data cleaning process and, hence, quality. Different filtering procedures are also compared, and their advantages and limitations are discussed.
New codend designs to improve the size selectivity of fyke net for narrow-clawed crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus)
Authors: Cilbiz Mehmet , Aydın Celalettin , Herrmann Bent
Published: September 2022

The narrow-clawed crayfish (Pontastacus leptodactylus) is one of the most ecologically and economically important freshwater species in Turkey. However, the harvest of this species has declined from 7937 t in 1984 to 696 t in 2019. One of primary reasons for this decrease in stock is the use of fishing gears with poor size selectivity. In this study, new codend designs were investigated to improve the size selectivity of fyke nets forP. leptodactylus. Seven codends of three different designs were tested: (1) a commercially used standard codend with 34 mm mesh size (Com34); (2) sorting grids with 20 (SG20), 25 (SG25) and 30 mm (SG30) bar spacing attached to the last circle of the net; and (3) a stiff rigged net, the last part of the fyke nets (codend) with 34 (SRN34), 42 (SRN42) and 50 mm (SRN50) mesh size. The average length at 50% retention probability (L50) and selection range (SR) (L75–L25) values ofCom34were 9.4 cm and 3.1 cm, respectively. For theSG20,SG25andSG30grids, theL50values were 11.3 cm, 11.6 cm and 12.0 cm, while theSRvalues were 1.4 cm, 1.3 cm and 0.6 cm, respectively. For theSRN34,SRN42andSRN50codends, theL50values were 10.9 cm, 11.6 cm and 11.6 cm, while theSRvalues were 2.1 cm, 2.1cm and 1.1 cm, respectively. Overall, the commercial codend resulted in lowerL50values when the minimum conservation reference length of 10 cm was considered. However, all tested new codend designs showed improved selectivity compared with the standard, with optimum results obtained withSG20.SG20grid decreased discarding by 15.7% compared to the classic commercial fyke net; thus, this is a very important result for the sustainability of naturalP. leptodactylusstocks.
Beaucoup de bruit pour rien ? Proposition méthodologique à partir d’une ethnographie dans le silence post-Ebola (2014-2016) en Guinée
Authors: Le Coq Rubis
Published: September 2022

Alors que le bruit de l’épidémie d’Ebola est omniprésent dans les médias et dans la recherche scientifique, à Conakry c’est le silence des Guinéens qui est assourdissant. À partir du constat de cette dissonance, cet article a pour ambition de répondre à deux questions : D’abord, comment expliquer un tel silence collectif ? Ensuite, comment, en tant qu’anthropologue, enquêter lorsqu’il n’y a pas de mise en récit ? Je propose dans cet article un outil méthodologique permettant la quête de sens là où la quête de son est ardue : les balades commentées.
Développer des compétences interactionnelles orales : le rôle des corpus oraux multimodaux
Authors: Cousinard Clara
Published: September 2022

Cet article présente une étude menée auprès d’apprenants de Français Langue Etrangère, visant à rendre compte de la différence (ou de l’absence) d’acquisition de compétences interactionnelles selon deux démarches d’apprentissage. Huit apprenants, répartis en binômes, ont travaillé sur les utilisations en interaction de la préposition temporelle pendant. Certains ont été mis en situation d’apprentissage sur corpus en exploitant le dispositif FLEURON et d’autres ont suivi un cours traditionnel hétérodirigé. Les résultats tendent à montrer que lors des sessions d’apprentissage sur corpus, les apprenants développent des compétences métalinguistiques qui permettent une meilleure conscience langagière.
Teaching strategies and learning environments for breastfeeding promotion: a scoping review
Authors: Yazdanbakhsh Mehrnoosh , Spiesser-Robelet Laurence , de Andrade Vincent , Gagnayre Rémi
Published: September 2022

Introduction:The promotion of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) up to the age of 6 months has become a global public health issue due to its benefits for newborns and mothers. As a result, WHO and UNICEF expect that by 2030, 75% of children will be fed breast milk. However, the recommendations for its promotion are still generalized.Objectives:To describe teaching strategies and environments conducive to women’s learning of EBF implemented by care professionals.Methods:This review was based on articles published between June 2012 and January 2020. Three databases (CINAHL, PubMed, and Embase) were queried.Results:A total of 7,710 articles were pre-selected, of which 78 met the criteria for final selection. Educational interventions were mostly diversified, empirical, and without pedagogical engineering. However, the presence of pedagogical alignment regarding teaching strategies seems to have a favorable effect on the choice of breastfeeding and its duration at medium and long term.Conclusion:These results, coupled with the exploitation of experience-based knowledge in the field of breastfeeding, should lead to an initial pedagogical model. Evaluated according to critical realism, this should make it possible to identify the key functions that will enrich the tested pedagogical model and ensure its transferability.
Die Rolle der Osteopathie im Geburtsprozess – eine
qualitative Studie
Authors: Janisz Marjatta , Porthun Jan
Published: September 2022

Im Rahmen einer qualitativen Studie wurde untersucht, ob und in welcher Form die
Osteopathie eine Rolle während des Geburtsprozesses spielt, welche
Einsatzgebiete sich auftun und wie die Erfahrungen von Spezialisten aus den Fachgebieten
Medizin, Geburtshilfe und Osteopathie aussehen. Es zeigt sich, dass in der
Geburtsvorbereitung und -begleitung verschiedene osteopathische
Behandlungsansätze den Geburtsprozess erleichtern können, wobei ein
gutes Vertrauensverhältnis zwischen Osteopath und Gebärender sowie eine
fundierte Fachausbildung und ein ausreichender Erfahrungsschatz ausschlaggebend
sind.
Synergetic Effect of Lupeol and Naringin Against Bile Duct Ligation
Induced Cardiac Injury in Rats via Modulating Nitrite Level (eNos) and NF-kB
/p65 Expression
Authors: Alam Firoj , Kharya Anil Kumar , Srivastav Ritesh Kumar , Akhtar Juber , Khan Mohammad Irfan , Ahmad Mohammad
Published: September 2022

Cardiac dysfunction such as cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is more common in liver
cirrhosis related disorders including primary biliary cholangitis or biliary
cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Bile duct ligation (BDL) is an
effective model of biliary cholestasis, producing oxidative damage and fibrosis.
This research was designed to evaluate the effect of Lupeol and Naringin and its
combination on bile duct ligation induced cardiac injury in rats. For
pharmacological evaluation, rats were randomly divided into seven groups;
intrahepatic cholestasis induced by ligation of the bile duct might lead to
cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. The results were analyzed by physical, biochemical and
histological examination. The Lupeol (100 mg/kg, p.o.), Naringin
(100 mg/kg, p.o.) and its combination (100 mg/kg
each) treated group significantly improved physical infarct size, biochemical
(Nitrite, SOD, CAT, and GSH) and histological (heart tissue- mitochondrial
function/integrity and fibrosis) alterations occurs due to BDL-ligation.
This study was concluded that oral administration of Lupeol, Naringin, and its
combination has a curative potential against BDL-induced cardiac injury in rats
by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, resulting in reduced
heart necrosis/myocardial infarction and increased myocardial activity.
It also inhibits cardiac damage in the rat heart, these effects may be linked to
the NO level (eNOS) is increased and the inactivation of the NF-kB-p65
expression pathways.This study also provides new insights into the development
of lupeol and Naringin combination that can be used as supportive therapy for
cardiovascular diseases.
Empfehlungen zur Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit und Verlaufsdokumentation von Dupilumab bei chronischer Rhinosinusitis mit Nasenpolypen (CRSwNP) im deutschen Gesundheitssystem
Authors: Klimek L. , Förster-Ruhrmann U. , Olze H. , Beule A. G. , Chaker A. M. , Hagemann J. , Huppertz T. , Hoffmann T. K. , Dazert S. , Deitmer T. , Strieth S. , Wrede H. , Schlenter W. , Welkoborsky H. J. , Wollenberg B. , Becker S. , Klimek F. , Sperl A. , Casper I. , Zuberbier J. , Rudack C. , Cuevas M. , Hintschich C. A. , Guntinas-Lichius O. , Stöver T. , Bergmann C. , Pfaar O. , Gosepath J. , Gröger M. , Beutner C. , Laudien M. , Weber R. K. , Hildenbrand T. , Hoffmann A. S. , Bachert C.
Published: September 2022

Hintergrund Die chronische Rhinosinusitis mit Nasenpolypen (CRSwNP) ist eine multifaktorielle entzündliche Erkrankung der Schleimhäute von Nase und Nasennebenhöhlen. Eine Typ-2-Inflammation als immunologischer Mechanismus wird als häufigster Endotyp beschrieben. Der Anti-IL-4-/-IL-13-Antikörper Dupilumab ist seit Oktober 2019 als Zusatztherapie zu intranasalen Glukokortikosteroiden für die Behandlung Erwachsener mit schwerer chronischer Rhinosinusitis mit Nasenpolypen zugelassen, wenn systemische Glukokortikosteroide oder eine Operation keine ausreichende Krankheitskontrolle bewirken. Während nationale und internationale Empfehlungen für den Einsatz von Dupilumab bei CRSwNP existieren, ist bislang nicht hinreichend festgelegt worden, wie diese Therapie überwacht und wann sie ggf. beendet werden sollte.

Methoden In einer Literatursuche wurden die bisherigen Daten zur Behandlung der CRSwNP mit Dupilumab analysiert und die vorhandene Evidenz durch Recherchen in MEDLINE, PubMed sowie den nationalen und internationalen Studien- und Leitlinienregistern und der Cochrane Library ermittelt. Es wurden Humanstudien berücksichtigt, die im Zeitraum bis einschließlich 05/2022 publiziert wurden.

Ergebnis Basierend auf der internationalen Literatur und bisherigen Erfahrungen werden von einem Expertengremium Empfehlungen für die Verlaufskontrolle, das Einhalten von Therapieintervallen und eventuelle Therapiepausen sowie eine Beendigung der Therapie bei Anwendung von Dupilumab für die Indikation CRSwNP im deutschen Gesundheitssystem auf der Grundlage eines Dokumentationsbogens gegeben.

Schlussfolgerungen Das Verständnis über die immunologischen Grundlagen der CRSwNP eröffnet neue nichtoperative Therapieansätze mit Biologika für Patienten mit schweren, unkontrollierten Verlaufsformen. Wir geben hier Empfehlungen für die Verlaufskontrolle, das Einhalten von Therapieintervallen, eventuelle Therapiepausen oder eine Beendigung der Therapie bei einer Dupilumab-Behandlung als Zusatztherapie mit intranasalen Glukokortikosteroiden zur Behandlung von erwachsenen Patienten mit schwerer CRSwNP, die mit systemischen Glukokortikosteroiden und/oder chirurgischem Eingriff nicht ausreichend kontrolliert werden können.