bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Association of lifestyle factors with the prevalence and nature of headache in adolescents
Authors:   Saratov Hygiene Medical Research Center of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Dolich V. N. , Komleva N. E. ,   Saratov Hygiene Medical Research Center of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies; Saratov State Medical University n. a. V. I. Razumovsky, Saratov, Zaikina I. V. ,   Saratov Hygiene Medical Research Center of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Mazilov S. I. ,   Saratov Hygiene Medical Research Center of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies, Pozdnyakov M. V. ,   Saratov Hygiene Medical Research Center of the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of a single-stage cross-sectional study, in which 225 students of a professional educational organization were examined. The frequency, localization, duration, intensity, nature of headache, lifestyle factors of adolescents (physical activity, mental load, use of information and communication tools, sleep quality, smoking) were analyzed. A multiple regression analysis was built, as well as an assessment of the relative risk and the odds ratio of developing a headache. Results. A significant prevalence of high frequency, duration, and intensity of headache has been established. The main lifestyle factors provoking the development of headache and influencing its characteristics are tobacco smoking, prolonged use of information and communication tools, and mental stress. Also, a significant relationship was established between the incidence of headache and sleep disturbance. Research limitations. The study has regional (Saratov region) and age restrictions (adolescence). Conclusion. A high prevalence of headache among the surveyed adolescents was established. Priority modifiable factors influencing the development and course of headache have been identified. Rational pedagogical planning of curricula, raising the awareness of adolescents and their parents about the influence of modifiable factors on the occurrence of headaches can be a significant method for preventing the development of headaches.
Risk assessment of oral leukoplakia malignant transformation based on the ubiquitin-proteasome system indicators
Authors: Mikhalev D. E. , Baydik O. D. , Kondakova I. V. , Mukhamedov M. R.
Published: August 2023

Relevance. The ubiquitin-proteasome system controls the activity and stability of various cellular proteins that affect cellular homeostasis by the regulation of signalling cascades. The system activity is associated with the onset and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma, as the system participates in the specific proteolysis of most intracellular proteins involved in cancer pathogenesis.

Material and methods. The study included 61 patients (28 men and 33 women) aged 21 to 75 y.o. The study determined chymotrypsin-like (CTL) and caspase-like (CL) activities of circulating and intracellular proteasomes in blood serum and biopsy specimens taken from the oral mucosa by hydrolysis of the corresponding fluorogenic oligopeptide on a «Cytation1» multi-mode microplate reader-imager at an excitation wavelength of 360 nm and an emission of 460 nm, the specific activity of the proteasomes was expressed in units of activity.

Results. The value of the specific chymotrypsin-like activity of circulating proteasomes in non-homogeneous leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma was 1.76 (p < 0.001) times and 2.27 (p < 0.001) times higher relative to the comparison group. Pairwise comparison of signs showed a statistically significant difference in chymotrypsinlike activity between the groups of non-homogeneous and homogeneous leukoplakia (p < 0.001), non-homogeneous leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (p = 0.04). The values of specific chymotrypsin-like and caspase-like activities of intracellular proteasomes in biopsy specimens taken from the pathological focus in the groups of homogeneous, non-homogeneous leukoplakia and squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity were 1.6, 2.38, 3 (p = 0.002, p = 0.004, p = 0.03) and 1.5, 2.8 and 3.3 (p = 0.003, p = 0.012, p < 0.001) times higher compared to the control group.

Conclusion. The proposed logit model for risk assessment of oral leukoplakia malignant transformation, based on the indicators of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, can improve the quality of diagnosis.
PEMANFAATAN SERBUK GERGAJI SEBAGAI ADSORBEN DALAM MENYISIHKAN KANDUNGAN PB (TIMBAL) LIMBAH OLI
Authors: Slamet Mulyati Sri , Irmawartini Irmawartini , Kamaludini Ade , Fatimah Fatimah
Published: August 2023

Oli merupakan salah satu polutan hidrokarbon. Secara umum limbah oli terdiri atas air, crude oil, dan solid particulate matter. Substansi bahaya dan bahan toksik lainnya yang terkandung dalam limbah oli, menjadikan limbah tersebut harus diolah untuk mengurangi toksisitasnya. Pb atau timbal merupakan salah satu substansi toksik yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan industri yang menggunakan oli, painting, agrokimia, dan lain-lain. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan adsorben serbuk gergaji dalam menyisihkan logam berat timbal (Pb) dalam limbah oli. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu skala laboratorium untuk aplikasi lapangan. Populasi adalah seluruh limbah oli yang diambil dengan metode grab sample, sedangkan sampel adalah sebagian limbah oli yang diberikan perlakuan dan kontrol. Hasil uji non parametrik menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan rata-rata kandungan Pb dalam limbah oli setelah diberi perlakuan berbagai dosis adsorben serbuk gergaji (p-value=0,008). Besar penyisihan kandungan Pb dalam limbah oli pada kisaran 66,55-91,24%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa adsorben serbuk gergaji mempunyai kemampuan untuk menyisihkan  Pb dalam  limbah oli.
Cannabis medicinal na fibromialgia: um estudo de coorte para uma alternativa promissora
Authors: Mendes da Silva Larissa , Ribeiro de Novais Júnior Linério , Meneguzzo Vicente , Vicente da Silva Tiago , Rodrigues da Rosa Lara , de Souza Tiago Odílio , Mariano Bitencourt Rafael
Published: August 2023

Introdução. A fibromialgia é caracterizada por dor musculoesquelética generalizada, distúrbios do sono, fadiga, cefaleia e sintomas cognitivos. O sistema endocanabinoide parece ter um papel importante na fisiopatologia dessa doença e o uso de fitocanabinoides se apresenta como uma possível opção terapêutica. Objetivo. Avaliar os efeitos da utilização de canabinoides fitoterápicos, via oral e tópica, em sintomas específicos da fibromialgia, além de avaliar a segurança e os efeitos adversos do tratamento. Método. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, do tipo coorte prospectivo. Foi avaliado o desfecho da utilização, via oral e tópica, do óleo e pomada de derivados da planta Cannabis sp nos sintomas mais frequentes da Fibromialgia. Resultados. Dez prontuários foram analisados e 100% dos pacientes pertenciam ao sexo feminino. Após o início do tratamento, foi possível observar uma melhora da ansiedade e da insônia, com diferença significante, assim como uma tendência à melhora dos sintomas depressivos. Houve também uma diminuição do uso de analgésicos anti-inflamatórios não esteroides, diminuição nas pontuações do FIQ e da escala da dor e uma tendência a diminuição do uso de opioides. Efeitos adversos leves foram relatados por 71,4% dos participantes e tiveram resolução completa no primeiro mês de tratamento. Conclusão. Apesar da necessidade de mais estudos, o tratamento com Cannabis medicinal se apresentou como eficaz e seguro para pacientes com fibromialgia.
URBAN PLANNING FEATURES OF THE PLACEMENT OF WIND FARMS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE ST. PETERSBURG AGGLOMERATION IN THE WATERS OF THE GULF OF FINLAND
Authors: Fedorov O. , Lyavdanskiy D.
Published: August 2023

The article deals with urban planning aspects of the installation of wind power plants on the territory of the St. Petersburg agglomeration in the waters of the Gulf of Finland.

The main method of research is the analysis of various data: the legislative framework, natural and climatic conditions, scientific research, established routes of large vessels and visual and spatial characteristics. The collected information is plotted on a summary map-scheme that allows you to identify and evaluate the areas of the Gulf of Finland suitable for the installation of wind farms.

As a result of the study, the presence of four zones suitable for the installation of wind power plants in the bay was established. These zones are located on both sides of the complex of flood defenses of St. Petersburg, as well as along the northern shore of the bay between the village of Lisiy Nos and the public and business complex "Lakhta Center". Each of the identified zones has a different set of climatic, compositional and spatial characteristics that provide flexibility in decision-making and the ability to create a unique architectural ensemble. Recommendations are also given on the choice of a methodology for assessing the degree of influence of planned objects on the established tourist panoramas and views of the city in cases when the territory under consideration for development is outside the legally protected zones.
Transbekymringens cisnormative økonomi
Authors: Bissenbakker Mons , Raun Tobias
Published: August 2023

Gennem en undersøgelse af behandleres bekymring for den øgede tilstrømning af transkønnede drenge til de danske kønsidentitetsklinikker, sådan som denne bekymring kommer til udtryk i den danske mediedækning, gør vi i denne artikel status over opfattelserne af transkønnethed i Danmark. Med udgangspunkt i en specifik case vedrørende den danske mediedækning af medicinsk behandling af transkønnede børn/unge under 18 år fra 2019–2021 analyserer vi bekymringens logikker, som de kommer til udtryk i artikler og interviews med behandlere i dagspressen i perioden. Vi argumenterer for, at de patologiserende, heteronormative og kønsbinære bekymringer, som tidligere kendetegnede behandlernes forståelse af transkønnedes situation, er blevet erstattet af nye velmenende bekymringer, som på den ene side kan karakteriseres som mere transpositive, men som på den anden side må ses som byggende på et forstærket cisnormativt syn på køn. Med afsæt i transteori, queerteori og affektteori er vi optaget af at undersøge mulighedsbetingelserne for forståelsen af unge danske transkønnedes liv og transitioner, og spørger: Hvilke typer af social kritik reflekterer bekymringerne, og hvad indebærer det, når sådanne bekymringer kommer til udtryk gennem kravet om administration af transpersoners kroppe?
Enhanced growth and differentiation of neural stem cells on alginate/collagen/reduced graphene oxide composite hydrogel incorporated with lithium chloride
Authors: Babaei Azadeh , Tiraihi Taki , Ai Jajar , Baheiraei Nafiseh
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Cell transplantation with hydrogel-based carriers is one of the advanced therapeutics for challenging diseases, such as spinal cord injury. Electrically conductive hydrogel has received much attention for its effect on nerve outgrowth and differentiation. Besides, a load of neuroprotective substances, such as lithium chloride can promote the differentiation properties of the hydrogel. Methods: In this study, alginate/collagen/reduced graphene oxide hydrogel loaded with lithium chloride (AL/CO/rGO Li+) was prepared as an injectable cell delivery system for neural tissue regeneration. After determining the lithium-ion release profile, an MTT assay was performed to check neural viability. In the next step, real-time PCR was performed to evaluate the expression of cell adhesion and neurogenic markers. Results: Our results showed that the combination of collagen fibers and rGO with alginates increased cell viability and the gene expression of collagen-binding receptor subunits such as integrin α1, and β1. Further, rGO contributed to the controlled release of lithium-ion hydrogel in terms of its plenty of negatively charged functional groups. The continuous culture of NSCs on AL/CO/rGO Li+ hydrogel increased neurogenic genes’ expressions of nestin (5.9 fold), NF200 (36.8 fold), and synaptophysin (13.2 fold), as well as protein expression of NF200 and synaptophysin after about 14 days. Conclusion: The simultaneous ability of electrical conduction and lithium-ion release of AL/CO/rGO Li+ hydrogel could provide a favorable microenvironment for NSCs by improving their survival, maintaining cell morphology, and expressing the neural marker. It may be potentially used as a therapeutic approach for stem cell transplantation in a spinal cord injury.
Micro-extraction, pre-concentration, and microfluidic-based separation of organophosphate insecticides followed by the miniaturized electrochemical detection system
Authors: Abdollahi aghdam Abdollah , Chamanara Mohsen , Laripour Reza , Ebrahimi Mohsen
Published: August 2023

Introduction: A new analytical method based on the coupling of microextraction and microfluidics was developed and investigated for the pre-concentration, separation, and electrochemical detection of fenitrothion (FT) and parathion (PA) at the sub-ppm concentrations. Method: In the first step, the microchip capillary electrophoresis technique was used to serve as a separation and detection system. Analytes were injected into the 40 mm long microchannel with 10 mm sidearms. Then, they were separated by applying a direct electrical field (+1800V) between buffer and detection reservoirs. 2-(n-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (MES) buffer (20 mM, pH 5) was used as the running buffer. The electrochemical detection was performed using three Pt microelectrodes with the width of working, counter, and reference electrodes (50, 250, and 250 µm, respectively) in the out channel approach. Results: The system was devised to have the optimum detection potential equal to -1.2 V vs. Pseudo Ref. electrode. The dimensions of the SU-8 channel have 20 µm depth and 50 µm width. In the second step, an air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction technique was used for the extraction and preconcentration of analytes from human blood plasma. Then, 1, 2 di-bromoethan was used as extractant solvent, the analytes were preconcentrated, and the sedimented solvent (50 µL) was evaporated in a 60 ˚C water bath followed by substitution of running buffer containing 10% ethanol. The optimum extraction cycles were found 8 with adding 1% NaCl to the aqueous phase. Analyzing time of the mentioned analytes was less than 100s, and the precision range was 3.3 – 8.2 with the linear range of 0.8 – 100 ppm and 1.2 - 100 ppm for FT and PA, respectively. The extraction recoveries were about 91% and 87% for FT and PA, respectively. The detection limits for FT and PA were 240 and 360 ppb, respectively. Finally, the reliability of the method was investigated by GC-FID. Conclusion: The proposed method and device were validated and can be used as in situ and portable detection system for detecting fenitrothion and parathion insecticides.
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-triggered autoimmunity: Molecular mimicry and/or bystander activation of the immune system
Authors: Safary Azam , Akbarzadeh-Khiavi Mostafa , Barar Jaleh , Omidi Yadollah
Published: August 2023

Induced autoimmunity or autoinflammatory-like conditions as a rare vaccine-related adverse event have been reported following COVID-19 vaccination. Such inadvertent adverse reactions have raised somewhat concerns about the long-term safety of the developed vaccines. Such multifactorial phenomena may be related to the cross-reactivity between the viral-specific antigens with the host self-proteins through molecular mimicry mechanism and/or nonspecific bystander activation of the non-target antigen-independent immunity by the entities of the vaccine products. However, due to the low incidence of the reported/identified individuals and insufficient evidence, autoimmunity following the COVID-19 vaccination has not been approved. Thereby, it seems that further designated studies might warrant post-monitoring of the inevitable adverse immunologic reactions in the vaccinated individuals, especially among hypersensitive cases, to address possible immunological mechanisms induced by the viral vaccines, incorporated adjuvants, and even vaccine delivery systems.
The application, safety, and future of ex vivo immune cell therapies and prognosis in different malignancies
Authors: Einloth Katelyn R. , Gayfield Scott , McMaster Thomas , Didier Alexander , Dworkin Lance , Creeden Justin Fortune
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Immunotherapy has revolutionized how cancer is treated. Many of these immunotherapies rely on ex vivo expansion of immune cells, classically T cells. Still, several immunological obstacles remain, including tumor impermeability by immune cells and the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Logistically, high costs of treatment and variable clinical responses have also plagued traditional T cell-based immunotherapies. Methods: To review the existing literature on cellular immunotherapy, the PubMed database was searched for publications using variations of the phrases "cancer immunotherapy", "ex vivo expansion", and "adoptive cell therapy". The Clinicaltrials.gov database was searched for clinical trials related to ex vivo cellular therapies using the same phrases. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for cancer treatment were also referenced. Results: To circumvent the challenges of traditional T cell-based immunotherapies, researchers have developed newer therapies including tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), T cell receptor (TCR) modified T cell, and antibody-armed T cell therapies. Additionally, newer immunotherapeutic strategies have used other immune cells, including natural killer (NK) and dendritic cells (DC), to modulate the T cell immune response to cancers. From a prognostic perspective, circulating tumor cells (CTC) have been used to predict cancer morbidity and mortality. Conclusion: This review highlights the mechanism and clinical utility of various types of ex vivo cellular therapies in the treatment of cancer. Comparing these therapies or using them in combination may lead to more individualized and less toxic chemotherapeutics.
Synthesis and functionalization of mucoadhesive mesoporous silica particles containing diphenhydramine for treatment of aphthous ulcers
Authors: Vaezi Moghaddam Azadeh , Mortazavi Seyed Alireza , Kobarfard Farzad , Bafkary Reza , Darbasizadeh Behzad
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Medications used to treat oral ulcers include corticosteroids, anesthetics, and antihistamines. These can be used as gels, mouthwashes, pastes, ointments, etc. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) has local anesthetic properties that can help treat the aphthae. One of the drawbacks of the delivery to the transmucosal is the quick turnaround time of the gel, a mucous form that is located on the epithelial film surface. Methods: Therefore, it seems that the preparation of a carrier that has the characteristics of adhesive mucus can increase the duration of drug retention on the mucous surface. To solve this problem, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) were synthesized and functionalized with amino and thiol groups and suggested as a system of drug delivery. The properties and structure of MSNPs were investigated by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms (BET). Results: Our outcomes indicated that the average sizes of bare MSNPs (MSN), amino modified MSNPs (MSN-NH2), and thiol modified MSNPs (MSN-SH) were obtained to be 611, 655, and 655 nm respectively and the average pore size of MSN, MSN-NH2, and MSN-SH were about 2.42 nm, 2.42 nm, and 2.44 nm, respectively, according to the BJH (Barrett-Joyner-Halenda) pore size distribution. The release kinetics and release of DPH from mesoporous silica carriers were evaluated. Conclusion: Eventually, the mucoadhesive study and DPH-loaded particles were investigated. Also, the MSN-SH exhibited a high mucoadhesive capacity for buccal mucosa compared with MSN-NH2 and MSN.
Epigenetics of the blood pressure reactivity to salt: Is the salt sensitive phenotype correctable?
Authors: Cubeddu Luigi X
Published: August 2023

Salt sensitivity defines a state characterized by a highly reactive blood pressure to changes in salt intake. The salt-sensitive phenotype is strongly associated with hypertension, visceral adiposity/metabolic syndrome, and ageing. Obesity accounts for around 70% of hypertension in young adults, and 30% to 50% of adult hypertensives carry the salt-sensitive phenotype. It is estimated that the salt-sensitive phenotype is responsible for high blood pressure in over 600 million adults. But is the salt-sensitive phenotype correctable? Interventional, controlled, clinical trials in obese adolescents and young obese adults, demonstrated that weight-reducing lifestyle modifications revert the salt-sensitive to the salt-resistant phenotype, and restored the faulty production of nitric oxide. Correction of the salt-sensitive phenotype lowers the blood pressure by reducing its reactivity to dietary salt. In a random sample of obese adults subjected to lifestyle modifications, those who were salt-resistant at baseline, were also normotensive and failed to further lower their blood pressure despite a 12% drop in body weight. The salt-resistant phenotype protects the metabolically healthy obese from hypertension, even if their salt consumption is comparable to that of salt-sensitive obese. In summary, at early stages, the elevated blood pressure of obesity, is determined by epigenetic changes leading to a state of salt-sensitivity.
The Analysis of the Content of Tobacco Control Policymaking and Legislation in Iran and Providing Policy Solutions
Authors: Mouseli Ali , Khodayari-Zarnaq Rahim , Arabloo Jalal , Ghasemani Shabnam , Mastaneh Zahra , Alizadeh Gisoo
Published: August 2023

Background. Tobacco use is the fifth risk factor for non-communicable diseases in Iran. This study aimed to analyze the policies and measures of tobacco control in Iran in the last four decades (1983-2021). Methods. The present study is a retrospective policy analysis that used a case study plan based on the Walt and Gilson triangle policy analysis framework to examine the content of tobacco control policies in Iran. Data were collected using tobacco use policies and legal documents and analyzed using documentary analysis. MAXQDA 11 software was used to categorize and analyze the findings. Results. The policies include setting prices and taxes on tobacco to reduce demand; protecting the public from second-hand smoke; controlling the composition of tobacco products; setting regulations on the disclosure of information about tobacco packaging and labeling; educating the public about the dangers of tobacco use; advertising, promotion, and financial support of tobacco; setting measures to encourage smoking cessation and reduce the demand and dependence on tobacco; banning illegal tobacco product trading; banning youngsters from tobacco trading; financially supporting the practical alternatives such as economic activities and research; setting monitoring and evaluation systems; and enhancing the exchange of information. Conclusion. Strengthening the government's tobacco control capacity and formulating a clear and coherent national tobacco control strategy and roadmap, including a mechanism for practical cross-sectoral cooperation between different actors, can reduce conflicts of interest between the actors involved and determine the country's current and future tobacco control policies.
The Role of Childhood Traumatic Experiences, Attachment Styles, and Metacognitive Beliefs in Predicting Symptoms of Illness Anxiety Disorder among Students of University of Tabriz : A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Hashemi Nosrat Abad Touraj , Mahmoud Alilou ‪Majid , Yousefi Kalekhaneh Zahra
Published: August 2023

Background. Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. Despite the high prevalence of this disorder, there are few studies and many unknown issues about it. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of childhood traumatic experiences, attachment styles, and metacognitive beliefs in predicting the symptoms of IAD. Methods. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 395 students (71 male, 324 female) of the University of Tabriz with associate, bachelor, master, and Ph.D. degrees were selected through the available sampling method. The questionnaires used in this research included the Whiteley Index to measure illness anxiety, the metacognitive beliefs questionnaire (MCQ-30), the checklist of traumatic life experiences to evaluate childhood traumatic experiences, and the experiences in close relationships- a revised form to evaluate attachment styles. Participants completed the questionnaires after obtaining the necessary permits and checking the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results. The average age of men was 27.2 ± 8.54 and women 25.24 ± 6.84. Pearson Correlation coefficients showed that traumatic childhood experiences 0.289 (p<0.01), anxious attachment 0.402 (p<0.01), and metacognitive beliefs 0.418 (p<0.01) have significant positive correlations with illness anxiety. Also, based on the results of simultaneous multiple regression analysis, research variables predicted 29% of the changes in symptoms of IAD significantly. Furthermore, childhood traumatic experiences, anxious attachment, and metacognitive beliefs with Beta coefficients of 0.22, 0.18, and 0.27 can significantly predict the changes related to IAD symptoms. Conclusion. Different interpersonal and metacognitive factors can play a role in IAD symptoms, but various studies such as causality and experimental studies are needed to investigate the role of different factors in IAD symptoms.
A Review of Mobile Applications’ Features for Pregnant Women's Self-care
Authors: Fathifar Zahra , Qorbanzadeh Fatemeh , Saeedi Zahra , Ferdousi Reza
Published: August 2023

Mobile applications have been proposed as a helpful tool to provide health-related information to people, and this is more important in pregnancy-related mobile applications. This review study aimed to investigate the features of Persian and English mobile apps for self-care in pregnancy.This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on all Persian and English mobile applications related to pregnancy in 2022. A search was conducted on Iranian digital app market (Bazaar) and "Google Play", using the following keywords: "pregnancy", "pregnant women", "obstetrics", and their Persian translations. For each app, the extracted information included name, user satisfaction rate, and the features and provided information by mobile app.The total number of retrieved applications was 416 apps. After removing the duplicates and applying the inclusion criteria, 63 applications were selected for features extraction. Reviewing the features and information provided by the applications showed that the most frequent categories of information included the following items: childbirth and pregnancy (including timing contractions, fetal movement, symptoms of pregnancy and predicting delivery time), restrictions and limitations (including behavioral limits, sexual restrictions, smoking and alcohol, cosmetics and pregnancy and drug use during pregnancy), and monitoring and control tools (BMI Calculator, managing weight gain during pregnancy, control of blood pressure).Paying attention to pregnant women and meeting their information needs could lead to healthier generation. A wide range of mobile applications related to pregnancy are available with many capabilities. Considering pregnant women’s need for information and using these apps in self-care, it seems essential to develop and design a series of high-quality apps matching pregnant women's needs.
Predictors of ICU Length of Stay in Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Abdollahpour Ibrahim , Salimi Yahya , Vaseghi Golnaz
Published: August 2023

Background. The available evidence has made the long-term accompaniment of COVID-19 and its other variants with human life predictable. Different studies have proposed different and, in some cases, contradictory findings as factors determining the duration of hospitalization of patients with COVID-19. The present study aimed to identify the factors related to the duration of ICU length in patients with COVID-19. Methods. The present study retrospectively analyzed the data related to patients aged 1 to 97 years with COVID-19 registered in Isfahan's COVID-19 registration system. The data of those patients with COVID-19 who were alive at the time of discharge (n=453) were analyzed in the present study. Information related to laboratory findings, clinical data, and co-morbidities were collected. T-test, correlation, and analysis of variance tests were used in crude analysis. The linear regression model was used to determine the factors related to the ICU length and their importance. Results. The mean (SD) of intensive care unit days was 0.64 (2.39). Higher than normal values of INR, hemoglobin, and creatinine increased the average length of stay in ICU by 2.45 (p=0.001), 3.82 (p <0.001), and 0.72 (p <0.001) days, respectively. Among underlying co-morbidities, the presence of other respiratory diseases significantly increased the average length of stay in the ICU by 1.5 days (p=0.024). Standardized regression coefficients also showed that higher-than-normal hemoglobin and increased WBC values were the most important variables predicting ICU hospitalization length. Conclusion. The higher-than-normal values of hemoglobin and increased WBC values are the most important predictors of the length of hospitalization in the ICU. The findings of the present study can be helpful in the decision-making of specialists to reduce the duration of hospitalization in the ICU and to help diagnose more critical cases.
Explaining the Evidence-Based Policy in Educating and Promoting Students’ Health: A Narrative Review
Authors: Mohamadi Parisa , Talebi Behnam , Alizadeh Mahasti
Published: August 2023

Background. Evidence-based policymaking is a type of policy based on valid, timely, and appropriate evidence. This study aimed to explain the evidence-based policy in education and health promotion to students. Methods. The method of the present research was a narrative review. The statistical population included 114 Persian and English articles published between 2010 and 2022 which were indexed in ERIC, ScienceDirect, Sage, SID, Irandoc, Magiran, and Medline databases. The search was done using evidence-based policy, health education evidence, health promotion, health education policy, educational policy and health key words. The search was conducted using the SPIDER framework due to the speciality of the subject being studied. Using Downs and Black checklist for quality assessment, the final research sample included 20 references selected through screening. Thematic analysis was used to codify the texts using the Sternberg method. Results. We extracted 59 concepts and six themes based on coding of the findings. Evidence-based policymaking in educating and promoting student health can be categorized into six themes: the necessity for evidence-based policymaking, the characteristics of evidence-based policymaking, the prerequisites of evidence-based policymaking, the impetus for evidence-based policymaking, the barriers to evidence-based policymaking, and the consequences of evidence-based policymaking. Conclusion. Application of evidence-based policymaking in educating and promoting students’ health, based on global trends, technologies and strategies can lead to efficient education and health promotion policies. This study provided useful, practical guidelines such as filling the theoretical gap, ensuring clarity and motivation, influencing political decisions, and building trust among researchers, the scientific community, and other policy stakeholders to use evidence-based policymaking effectively in students’ health promotion.
A Mobile Application to Assist Alzheimer’s Caregivers During COVID-19 Pandemic: Development and Evaluation
Authors: Amiri Parastoo , Gholipour Maryam , Hajesmaeel-Gohari Sadrieh , Bahaadinbeigy Kambiz
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Access to healthcare services for patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was limited during the COVID-19 pandemic. A mobile application (app) can help overcome this limitation for patients and caregivers. Our study aims to develop and evaluate an app to help caregivers of patients with AD during COVID-19. Methods: The study was performed in three steps. First, a questionnaire of features required for the app design was prepared based on the interviews with caregivers of AD patients and neurologists. Then, questionnaire was provided to neurologists, medical informatics, and health information management specialists to identify the final features. Second, the app was designed using the information obtained from the previous phase. Third, the quality of the app and the level of user satisfaction were evaluated using the mobile app rating scale (MARS) and the questionnaire for user interface satisfaction (QUIS), respectively. Results: The number of 41 data elements in four groups (patient’s profile, COVID-19 management and control, AD management and control, and program functions) were identified for designing the app. The quality evaluation of the app based on MARS and user satisfaction evaluation based on QUIS showed the app was good. Conclusion: This is the first study that focused on developing and evaluating a mobile app for assisting Alzheimer’s caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. As the app was designed based on users’ needs and covered both information about AD and COVID-19, it can help caregivers perform their tasks more efficiently.
Psychosocial Interventions by Nurses for Patients with HIV/ AIDS: A Systematic Review
Authors: Davoudi Malihe , Heydari Abbas , Manzari Zahra Sadat
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Providing psychological support is one of the traditional roles of nurses for patients with HIV/AIDS. Searching the literature showed that various psychological interventions have been performed by nurses to support HIV/AIDS patients; however, no summary of these interventions is available. We aimed to systematically review the interventional studies which investigated the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions delivered by nurses to HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: This systematic review was performed based on Cochrane’s handbook of systematic reviews of interventional studies. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement were used in this study. The databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus and World Health Organization were searched from January 2009 to December 2022. Based on inclusion criteria, nine studies included in this systematic review. Cochrane data extraction form was used for the systematic review and the article’s information was summarized using the modified Jadad scale. Results: The interventions provided by the nurses included: virtual and face-to-face educational programs, written information resources, palliative care, motivational interview, case management, home visit, and care services, along with face-to-face and telephone follow-up. These interventions have a significant positive effect on the quality of life and management of high-risk behaviors, disease management, symptoms and complications, adherence to treatment, immune function, and mental health in patients with HIV/AIDS. Conclusion: The results of the present study show that despite the fact that the interventions have a purely psychological content and can be done with various methods, they are able to have positive consequences in physical, psychological, behavioral, and laboratory health in HIV/AIDS patients.
The frequency and outcome of Influenza in children admitted to Tabriz children's training and treatment center in Northwest Iran During 2014-2019
Authors: Abdinia Babak , Dastranji Azar , Abedini Ali Akbar , Moghbel Iman , Mobayen Golnaz
Published: August 2023

Background. Influenza causes various seasonal respiratory diseases, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality in children. Influenza is a highly contagious disease causing global pandemics. This study aimed to investigate the frequency and outcome of influenza in children admitted to the Tabriz Children's Hospital. Methods. This cross-sectional study included suspected influenza patients admitted to the Tabriz Children's Medical Center between 2014 and 2019 diagnosed with positive influenza through RT-PCR of pharyngeal secretions samples. Results. We evaluated 114 cases of influenza with a median age of 48 months (range: 2-156 months) and 53.5% were boys. A total of 87 cases (77%) were infected with subtype A/H3N2, which was the most frequent, followed by 2 cases (1.8%) of subtype A/H1N1, 23 cases (20.4%) of subtype B 23, and one case (0.8%) of uncategorized A subtype. The disease was common in winter with 63 cases (56.3%). Conclusion. The frequency of influenza in children during five years was 8.95%, which is higher in males. Also, the highest frequency of influenza in the present study was observed in the age group of 1 to 5 years. The mortality rate of influenza in children during the last five years was equal to 7.9%. Practical Implications. Children under 5 years of age are more susceptible to influenza (especially type A subtype H3N2) and higher hospitalization rate and mortality, which can be prevented with a vaccine.
ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНА ОЦІНКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ КОМПЛЕКСУ ЗАСОБІВ ДЛЯ ПРОФІЛАКТИКИ СТОМАТОЛОГІЧНОЇ ПАТОЛОГІЇ У ЩУРІВ В УМОВАХ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ДЕМЕНЦІЇ
Authors: Бабеня Г.О. , Гаращук І.В.
Published: August 2023

Мета роботи. Оцінка впливу запропонованого лікувально-профілактичного комплексу на показники атрофії альвеолярної кістки щелеп та біохімічні показники слизової оболонки порожнини рота щурів в умовах моделювання експериментальної деменції, яку відтворювали шляхом інтоксикації тварин хлористим алюмінієм. Матеріали та методи. Лікувально-профілактичних комплекс складався з Леквіну, Склерозину, Готу-Кола, пробіотику Субаліну та засобів місцевої дії: зубної пасти Vitis Gingival та гелю Квертулідон. Експеримент був проведений на 24 самцях білих щурів 3-х місячного віку, що були розділені на 2 групи: 1 група – інтактні тварини (n = 8); 2 група – введення водного розчину AlCl3 (моделювання деменції) (n = 8); 3 група – введення профілактичного комплексу (n = 8) на тлі інтоксикації хлоридом алюмінію. Щурів утримували в стандартних умовах віварію при сталій температурі та вологості повітря. Результати дослідження. Доведено, що моделювання експериментальної патології у щурів призвело до порушення системи ПОЛ-АОС у бік посилення процесів перекисного окислення ліпідів (збільшення вмісту МДА на 54 %, зменшення активності каталази на 20,4 %), підвищення запальних процесів в слизовій оболонці порожнини рота та деструктивних процесів у пародонті (збільшення активності еластази на 38 %, КФ на 33,3 %), підвищенню мікробного обсіменіння (збільшення активності уреази на 53,6 %). Профілактичне введення щурам запропонованого лікувально-профілактичного комплексу сприяє гальмуванню виявлених порушень за умов інтоксикації хлоридом алюмінію, нормалізуючи вивчаємі показники до рівня інтактних тварин, що свідчить про антиоксидантні, протизапальні й протимікробні властивості комплексу. Доведено пародонтопротекторну ефективність запропонованого комплексу, що підтверджується гальмуванням резорбтивних процесів та зниженням ступеня атрофії альвеолярного відростка щелеп експериментальних тварин.
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЛІКУВАЛЬНО-ПРОФІЛАКТИЧНОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ У ВАГІТНИХ ЖІНОК З ЗАПАЛЬНИМИ ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯМИ ПАРОДОНТУ НА ТЛІ ХРОНІЧНОГО ГАСТРИТУ ТА АНЕМІЇ
Authors: Горбатовська Н.В. , Новицька І.К.
Published: August 2023

Мета дослідження. Клінічне вивчення впливу лікувально-профілактичного комплексу цілеспрямованої місцевої дії на тканини пародонту у вагітних з хронічними гастритами на тлі анемії. Матеріали та методи досліджень. В дослідженнях приймали участь жінки II триместру вагітності (17 тижнів), які були поділені на три групи. Першу та другу групи склали особи з запальними та запально-дистрофічними захворюваннями тканин пародонту, у яких діагностовані хронічні гастрити на тлі анемії. Третю групу склали вагітні жінки без соматичної патології, з анемією. В І-й та ІІ-й групі жінки знаходились в санаторії, використовували призначений комплекс на протязі трьох місяців, та відвідували стоматологічний кабінет кожного тижня. В ІІ-й групі був призначений гель для ротової порожнини «Золех», який включає золототисячник, ехінацею та шавлію, та рандомні засоби гігієни. В ІІІ-й групі жінки використовували звичайні для них засоби гігієни ротової порожнини. Усім трьом групам провели професійну гігієну ротової порожнини. Та всім жінкам був призначений сироп «Тівортін». Результати дослідження. Ефективність проведеного лікування оцінювали за допомогою об'єктивних пародонтальних індексів та функціональної проби. Оцінку гігієнічного стану ротової порожнини проводили з використанням індексів Green-Vermilion та Silness-Loe. При первинному пародонтологічному огляді вагітні жінки всіх трьох груп пред'являли скарги переважно утворення на кровоточивість, почуття дискомфорту в яснах, іноді біль. Більшість висувала скарги на неприємний запах з ротової порожнини та швидке нальоту та каменю. При об'єктивному обстежені жінок І-ї та ІІ-ї груп встановлено, що потреба в пародонтологічному лікуванні у них в 2 рази вище ніж у жінок ІІІ-ї групи, показники проби Шилєра-Писарєва свідчать про наявність хронічного запалення. Висновки. Розроблений лікувально-профілактичний комплекс надав вираженого терапевтичного впливу на тканини пародонта у вагітних жінок з хронічним катаральним гінгівітом на тлі хронічного гастриту та анемії, за рахунок зниження кровоточивості на 31,5 %, утворення зубного каменю на 14,3 %, індексу РМА на 46,6 %; 2) усі вагітні жінки потребують професійного стоматологічного супроводу на протязі всієї вагітності, так як гормональні зміни впливають на розвиток катарального гінгівіту, а наявність захворювань шлунково-кишкового тракту ускладнюють його.
Tertiary Students' Deficiency in English Emphatic Listening Skills of NLP Matching and Mirroring Technique
Authors: Hartati Rita , Meisuri  , Ginting Siti Aisyah , Ariatna
Published: August 2023

Active Empathic listening is an activity that combines traditional active listening procedures with the element of empathy, which will result in a higher form of listening (Drollinger, Comes & Warrington, 2006, p.162). Drollinger et al. conceptualized AEL (active empathic listening) as a three-stage activity: sensing, processing, and responding. Empathic listening helps us to listen and understand how others feel. It is one of the most essential social skills we need to maintain healthy relationships with others. Empathic listening helps us to relate to those around us more healthily and effectively. Empathic listening helps to get into a conversation, especially with college students. This research will use a Google form as a questionnaire instrument filled out by participants. The research reveals that participants rarely heard about Empathic Listening and used it in conversation because it was never heard and learned before; some say it is not interesting to learn.
An Analysis of Simple Past Tense Errors in the Soul Sense with Silkina Podcast by Using the Surface Strategy Taxonomy
Authors: Nurmala Ela , Rahayu Ika , Sapari Gingin Ginanjar , Rahayu Rahmayanti
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the simple past tense errors found in the Soul Sense with Silkina Podcast. The study employed qualitative method with descriptive analysis. The data were collected from a podcast entitled Soul Sense with Silkina Podcast which consists 10 episodes of Soul Sense with Silkina Podcast. The data were analysed by applying the Surface Strategy Taxonomy proposed by Dulay. The result shows that there were four types of errors committed by the podcasters in using Simple Past Tense. Those types were Omission, Addition, Mis-formation and Mis-ordering. The total numbers of errors were 120 divided into Omission (23 errors), Addition (11 error), Mis-formation (82 errors), and Mis-ordering (4 errors). In other words, the highest amount of errors was Mis-formation with the percentage of 68.34%, while the omission was in the second place with the percentage around 19.17%. The third place was   addition with the percentage around 9.16%, and the last was mis-ordering with the percentage around 3.33%.
Turn-Taking Strategies Used by Lincoln-Douglas Debate Final Round 2019
Authors: Febryanto Mohammad , Puspita Rizki Nadya
Published: August 2023

This study aims to find out what kinds of turn-taking strategies are used in Lincoln-Douglas debate final round between Nehal Chigurupati as the affirmative speaker and Grace Johannes as the negative speaker. This study has two purposes: the first is to find out what kinds of turn-taking strategies are used by the Lincoln-Douglas debate, and the second is to find out the most dominant type of turn-taking strategies used by the Lincoln-Douglas final debate. A descriptive qualitative method was used in this study while Stenstrom’s (1994) theory was applied to analyze the data. The results show that 31 data were found which consist of taking the turn strategies (16), holding the turn (10), and yielding the turn (5). The findings imply that the most dominant strategy used by the Lincoln-Douglas debate is turn-taking strategies
Plasenta Perkrata Hastalarının Sosyodemografik Özelliklerinin Retrospektif Analizi
Authors: İNCEBIYIK Mehmet , SAK Sibel , SAK Muhammet Erdal
Published: August 2023

Öz
Amaç:Bu retrospektif çalışma, Plasenta Perkreta(PP) hastalarının sosyodemografik özelliklerini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntemler: Harran Üniversitesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi Kadın Hastalıklarıve Doğum Kliniğinde Mart 2021-Mart 2022 tarihleri arasında opere olan ve histopatolojikolarak plasentaperkrata tanısı alan hastaların dosyaları geriye dönük olarak incelendi ve elde edilen sosyodemografik veriler tarafımızca hazırlanan bilgi formlarına kaydedildi.Bilgi formlarından elde edilen sosyo demografik özellikler istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan 110 hastanın yaş ortalaması 31.18 ± 5.55, kilo ortalaması 67.18 ±11.96, boy ortalaması 156.54 ±4.48cm, BMI ortalaması 25,8 ±2.7 idi. Hastaların gravidası 4.81±2.37, paritesi 3.27±1.69 ve sezeryan sayısı 3.22±1.68 dı. Hastaların çoğunlukla köyde (%50) ikamet ettikleri,çoğunluğunun yeşil kartlı(%50) olduğu, %90’nın hiç sigara kullanmadığı, hiç kimsenin alkol kullanmadığı, büyük çoğunluğunun okur yazar olmadığı (%40.9) belirlenmiştir. Hastaların mesleki çalışma durumu incelendiğinde büyük çoğunluğunun çalışmadığı (%94.5) gözlenmiştir. Hastaların vatandaşlık durumları incelendiğinde ise %82.7’sinin Türkiye Cumhuriyeti vatandaşı, % 17.3’nün ise Suriye uyruklu olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Sonuç : Sonuç olarak Plasenta perkrata , maternalmorbidite ve mortalitenin önemli nedenleri arasındadır. Bu araştırma, plasenta perkratahastalarını sosyo-demografik olarak değerlendiren ilk araştırmadır. Çalışmasonunda bu hastaların çoğunlukla kırsal kesimde yaşayan ve sezeryan sayılarının oldukça yüksek olduğu gözlenmiştir. Plasenta perkratamaternalmorbidite ve mortaliteninönemli nedenleri arasında olduğundan dolayı, özellikle kırsal bölgelerde yaşayan anne adaylarının doğum kontrol yöntemleriyle ilgili eğitimler verilmelive sağlık okuryazarlığı artırılmadır. Bu şekilde farkındalık yaratılarak maternalmorbiditeve mortaliteazaltılabilinir.