bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantification of Airborne Particulate Matter and Trace Elements Deposition on Hedera helix and Senecio cineraria Leaves
Authors: Saran Anabel , Mendez Mariano Javier , Much Diego Gabriel , Imperato Valeria , Thijs Sofie , Vangronsveld Jaco , Merini Luciano Jose
Published: July 2024

Both, in developed and developing countries, atmospheric pollution with particulate matter (PM) remains an important issue. Despite the health effects of poor air quality, studies on air pollution are often limited by the high costs of continuous monitoring and the need of extensive sampling. Furthermore, these particles are often enriched in potentially toxic trace elements and organics pollutants. This study evaluates both, the composition of atmospheric dust accumulated during a certain time-span on leaves of Hedera helix and Senecio cineraria, as well as the potential to use them as bio-monitors. The test plants were positioned nearby automatic air quality monitoring stations at four different sites with respectively high, moderate and low traffic intensity. Gravimetric deposition of PM10 and PM2.5 on leaves was consistent with data recorded by the monitoring stations and related to the weather conditions reported by Argentina´s National Meteorological service. To determine the presence of trace elements enriching the PM deposited on leaves, two analytical techniques were applied, XRF (not destructive) and ICP (destructive). The results indicated that only in the unpaved street location (site 2), PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in the air exceeded WHO guidelines. However, several trace elements were found enriching PM deposited on leaves from all sites. Predominantly, increased concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ti, Mn, Zn and Fe were found, which were associated to construction, traffic and unpaved street sources. Furthermore, based on its high capability to sequester PM and trace elements Senecio cineraria can be take into consideration to be adopted as a bio-monitor or even for PM mitigation.
A Potato Virus Y Infection under Ambient Conditions That Turn It Asymptomatic Affects the Physiology of the Host, and Its Interplay with Drought
Authors: del Toro Francisco Javier , Mencía Eva , Vallarino José Gabriel , Makki Mongia , Sun Hao , Rakhshandheroo Farshad , Osorio Sonia , Tenllado Francisco , Canto Tomás
Published: July 2024

Nicotiana benthamiana plants infected with a potato virus Y isolate (PVYO) under ambient conditions of 25 °C and ~405 parts-per-million (ppm) ambient CO2 display symptoms of chlorosis, leaf curling, and stunting. However, under elevated temperature and CO2 levels (30 °C, 970 ppm), systemic viral titers decrease several-fold, and plants appear asymptomatic. Under the latter conditions we have studied how infection, drought, or both combined affect infection, drought-driven loss of leaf turgor, plant water content, stomatal conductance, metabolome, and hormone (ABA, SA, and JA) levels. We found that drought did not affect viral titers. As expected, drought decreased plant water content and stomatal conductance. Under drought conditions, infection did not alter significantly final water content or loss of leaf turgor progression, but it increased the levels of some sugars and other osmo-protectants. Infection and drought altered the levels of many components of the metabolome. Some components altered by infection were not altered by drought, but most of those altered by drought were also altered by infection. Drought increased the levels of ABA, infection increased the levels of ABA, SA, and JA, and altered their relative balance. The effects of drought and of infection on hormone levels were cumulative when combined. Thus, under ambient conditions that turn a severe infection into an asymptomatic one both, plant physiology parameters and the interplay with drought are affected.
The Roles of Obesity and ASB4 in Preeclampsia Pathogenesis
Authors: Wang Yuye , Ssengonzi Rebecca , Townley-Tilson W. H. Davin , Kayashima Yukako , Maeda-Smithies Nobuyo , Li Feng
Published: July 2024

Preeclampsia is a complex pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder which poses significant risks for both maternal and fetal health. Preeclampsia affects 5-8% of the pregnancies in the United States, causing a significant public health and economic burden. Despite extensive research, the etiology and pathogenesis of preeclampsia remain elusive, but have been correlated with maternal conditions such as obesity. In the past decades, the incidence of preeclampsia increased along with the prevalence of obesity among women of reproductive age. Maternal obesity has been shown to negatively affect pregnancy in almost all aspects. However, the precise mechanisms by which obesity influences preeclampsia are unclear. Ankyrin repeat and SOCS Box Containing protein 4 (ASB4) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that can promote the degradation of a wide range of target proteins. ASB4-null mice display a full spectrum of preeclampsia-like phenotypes during pregnancy including hypertension, proteinuria, and decreased litter size. Furthermore, maternal obesity induced by a high fat diet aggravates preeclampsia-like phenotypes in pregnant mice lacking ASB4. Variants in the ASB4 gene have been associated with obesity in humans, and a functional connection between the ASB4 gene and obesity has been established in mice. This review discusses the connections between preeclampsia, obesity, and ASB4.
Surface Thermodynamic Properties of Styrene–Divinylbenzene Copolymer Modified by Supramolecular Structure of Melamine using Inverse Gas Chromatography
Authors: Hamieh Tayssir , Gus'Kov Vladimir
Published: July 2024

The surface thermodynamic properties of polymers and copolymers modified by supramolecular structures are very used in several industrial processes, such as selective adsorption, paints, coatings, colloids, and adhesion applications. Background: Inverse gas chromatography at infinite dilution was proved to be the best technique to determine the surface properties of solid surfaces by studying the adsorption of some model polar and non-polar organic molecules adsorbed on solid surfaces by varying the temperature. Methods: The retention volume of adsorbed solvents is a precious parameter to obtain the London dispersive and polar free energies and the London dispersive surface energy of styrene–divinylbenzene copolymer modified by supramolecular structure of melamine using the Hamieh thermal model and our new methodology consisting in the separation of the two polar and dispersive free energy of interaction. This led to the determination of the polar acid and base surface energy, and the Lewis’s acid-base constants of the various solid materials. Results: all surface energetic properties of styrene–divinylbenzene copolymer modified by melamine at different percentages were determined as a function of temperature, following our new methodology. Conclusions: It was observed that the styrene–divinylbenzene copolymer exhibited the highest London dispersive surface energy which decreased when the melamine percentage increased. All materials presented higher Lewis’s basicity and this Lewis’s basicity increased with the percentage of melamine.
Camouflage Breaking with Stereo-vision Assisted Imaging
Authors: Yao Han , Chen Libang , Lin Jinyan , Liu Yikun , Zhou Jianying
Published: July 2024

Camouflage is a natural or artificially process to prevent an object from being detected while camouflage breaking is a countering process for the identification of the concealed object. We report that a perfectly camouflaged object in a two-dimensional scene can be retrieved and detected with stereo-vision assisted three-dimensional (3D) imaging perceived with stereopsis. The analysis is based on binocular energy model applied to general 3D settings. We show that a perfectly concealed object with random noise background can be retrieved with vision’s stereoacuity to resolve the hidden structures. The theoretical analysis is further tested and demonstrated with distant natural images taken by a drone-camera, processed with a computer and displayed in an autostereoscopy. The recovered imaging is presented with removal of the background interference to demonstrate the general applicability for camouflage breaking with stereo imaging and sensing.
BSMV-Mediated Assays for Oat Functional Genomics
Authors: Annan Emmanuel N. , Keith Barbara K. , Brar Akamjot , Dyer William E. , Huang Li
Published: July 2024

Herbicide-resistant weed populations in numerous cropping systems pose a significant threat to global food security by reducing crop yields and increasing production costs. Multiple herbicide-resistant (MHR) Avena fatua L. (wild oat) plants with non-target site resistance (NTSR) mechanisms can express resistance to herbicides without previous exposure and are thus particularly troubling. Although precise molecular mechanisms for resistance to five different mechanisms of action are not clear, numerous transcription factors and stress-related proteins are preferentially subjected to constitutive post-translational modifications (PTMs) in MHR plants. Transient assays to quickly assess if changes to specific genes can change the MHR response will facilitate the development of new strategies to manage MHR weeds. Our study showed that the Barley Stripe Mosaic Virus (BSMV) mediated system can be an option for A sa-tiva (cultivated oat) and A. fatua (wild oat) functional analysis. The inoculation efficiency of this system ranged from 48% to 100%. Its efficacy was demonstrated by successfully knocking down phy-toene desaturase (PDS) expression and overexpressing green fluo-rescent protein (GFP), suggesting its potential for oat functional genomics.
Association between the intake/type of cheese and cognitive function in community-dwelling older women in Japan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Suzuki Takao , Osuka Yosuke , Kojima Narumi , Sasai Hiroyuki , Nakamura Kentaro , Oba Chisato , Sasaki Mayuki , Kim and Hunkyung
Published: July 2024

While many studies have described the association between cognitive decline and eating habits, little attention has been paid to its association with cheese intake. In this cross-sectional study of 1,035 community-dwelling women aged ≥ 65, we investigated the association between intake/type of cheese and cognitive function. The anthropometry, functional ability, and the frequency of food intake, including cheese, were assessed. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and a score of 20–26 was defined as mild cognitive decline (MCD). We found that MMSE score was significantly different between the presence of cheese intake (cheese intake: 28.3±1.9; non-cheese intake: 27.8±2.2) and between the type of cheese consumed (Camembert cheese: 28.7±1.3; others: 28.3±1.9). After adjusting for confounders, multiple logistic regression revealed four significant independent variables for MCD: Camembert cheese intake (odds ratio [OR] = 0.448, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.214–0.936), age (OR = 1.114, 95% CI = 1.059–1.171), usual walking speed (OR = 0.2620, 95% CI = 0.109–0.621), and repetitive saliva swallowing test scores (OR = 0.865, 95% CI = 0.750–0.995). Our results, while based on cross-sectional data from Japanese community-dwelling older women, demonstrated that Camembert cheese intake is significantly associated with MCD.
IAA Synthesis Pathway of Fitibacillus barbaricus WL35 and Its Regulatory Gene Expression Levels in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Li Xiaoyu , Tao Huan , Wang Shisong , Zhang Di , Xiong Xingyao , Cai Yanfei
Published: July 2024

Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), as an important regulator of potato growth, seriously affects the growth and yield of potato. Although many studies have reported that IAA-producing Bacillus can promote plant growth, little research has been done on its synthesis pathway and the molecular mechanisms. In this study, IAA-producing strain WL35 was identified as Fitibacillus barbaricus, and its yield was 48.79 mg·L-1. The results of the pot experiments showed that WL35 significantly increased plant height, stem thickness, chlorophyll content and number of leaves of potato plants by 31.68%, 30.03%, 32.93% and 36.59%, respectively. In addition, in the field experiments, WL35-treated plants increased commercial potatoes yield by 16.45%, vitamin C content by 16.35%, protein content by 75%, starch content by 6.60%, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation by 9.98%, 12.70% and 26.76%, respectively. Meanwhile, the synthetic pathway of WL35 was found to be dominated by the tryptophan-dependent pathway, the IAM, TAM and IPA pathways worked together, and the pathways that played a role at different times were different. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis showed that there were a total of 2875 DEGs regulated in the samples treated with WL35 seed dressing compared with the CK, of which 1458 genes were up-regulated and 1417 genes were down-regulated. Potato roots express differential genes enriched in processes such as carbohydrate metabolism processes and cellular polysaccharide metabolism, which regulate potato plant growth and development. The above results provide a theoretical basis for the further exploration of the synthesis pathway of IAA and its growth-promoting mechanism on potato.
Innovative Alignment-Based Method for Antiviral Peptide Prediction
Authors: De Llano García Daniela , Marrero-Ponce Yovani , Agüero-Chapin Guillermin , Ferri Francesc J. , Antunes Agostinho , Martinez-Rios Felix , Rodríguez-Cabrera Hortensia María
Published: July 2024

Antiviral peptides (AVPs) represent a promising strategy for addressing the global challenge of viral infections and their growing resistance to traditional drugs. Lab-based AVP discovery methods are resource-intensive, highlighting the need for efficient computational alternatives. In this study, we developed five non-trained but supervised Multi-Query Similarity Search Models (MQSSMs) integrated into the StarPep toolbox. Rigorous testing and validation across diverse AVP datasets confirmed the models' robustness and reliability. The top-performing model, M13+, demonstrated impressive results with an accuracy of 0.969 and a Matthew’s correlation coeffi-cient of 0.71. To assess their competitiveness, the top five models were benchmarked against 14 publicly available machine learning and deep learning AVP predictors. The MQSSMs outper-formed these predictors, highlighting their efficiency in terms of resource demand and public ac-cessibility. Another significant achievement of this study is the creation of the most comprehensive dataset of antiviral sequences to date.
Network Traffic Prediction in Edge-Cloud Continuum Network for Multiple Network Service Providers
Authors: Hu Ying , Liu Ben , Li Jianyong , Zhu Liang , Han Jihui , Cai Zengyu , Zhang Jie
Published: July 2024

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) allows for the dynamic provisioning of Virtualized Network Functions, adapting services to the complex and real-time network environment for enhanced network performance. Despite the benefits of NFV, virtual network functions (VNFs) migration and the energy consumption pose significant challenges due to the dynamic nature of the physical network, especially in the edge-cloud continuum network. Currently, people tackle this challenge by predicting the network traffic and then proactively migrating the VNFs using the predicted values. There are two challenges here. First, when SFCs belong to different network service providers, the historical network traffic data is held by the service providers, and they are reluctant to share the historical data due to privacy concerns. Without the historical network traffic data of each SFC, the resource provider that owns the underlying network cannot effectively predict the network traffic; in addition, without the feedback of the migration results of the underlying physical network, the network traffic prediction will be difficult to match the needs of the physical network. In this manuscript, we solve the problem of network traffic prediction in the NFV-based edge-cloud continuum network for multiple network service providers. We aim to improve migration performance and reduce energy consumption while ensuring resource and latency requirements. To protect the privacy of each network service provider, we apply an FL algorithm. After that, to improve the migration performance, we tailor the loss function. In the loss function, factors such as the number of migrations, the number of migration failures, and the energy consumption of the NFV-based edge-cloud continuum network are added. Additionally, to obtain the results of the SFC migration, we develop a mathematical model for the problem of multiple network service providers in the NFV-based network. The effectiveness of our algorithm is evaluated through extensive simulations, and the results show a significant reduction in the number of migrated nodes and energy consumption while improving the SFC acceptance ratio compared to state-of-the-art schemes which only use the difference between predicted and actual flows to define the loss function.
Upgrading of Pyrolysis Bio-Oil by Catalytic Hydrodeoygenation, a Review Focused on Catalysts, Model Molecules, Deactivation and Reaction Routes
Authors: Carrasco Diaz Alejandra , Abdelouahed Lokmane , Brodu Nicolas , Montes-Jiménez Vicente , TAOUK Bechara
Published: July 2024

Biomass can be converted into energy/fuel by different techniques, such as pyrolysis, gasification, and others. In the case of pyrolysis, biomass can be converted into a crude bio-oil around 50-75% yield. However, the direct use of this crude bio-oil is impractical due to its high content of oxygenated compounds, which provide inferior properties compared to those of fossil-derived bio-oil, such as petroleum. Consequently, bio-oil needs to be upgraded by physical processes (filtration, emulsification, among others) and/or chemical processes (esterification, cracking, HDO, among others). In contrast, HDO can effectively increase the calorific value and improve the acidity and viscosity of bio-oils through reaction pathways such as cracking, decarbonylation, decarboxylation, hydrocracking, hydrodeoxygenation and hydrogenation where catalysts play a crucial role. This article first focuses on the general aspects of biomass, subsequent bio-oil production, its properties, and the various methods of upgrading pyrolytic bio-oil to improve its calorific value, pH, viscosity, degree of deoxygenation (DOD), and other attributes. Secondly, particular emphasis is placed on the process of converting model molecules and bio-oil via HDO using catalysts based on nickel and nickel combined with other active elements. Through these phases, readers can gain a deeper understanding of the HDO process and the reaction mechanisms involved. Finally, the different equipment used to obtain an improved HDO product from bio-oil is discussed, providing valuable insights for the practical application of this reaction in pyrolysis bio-oil production.
Mathematical Symphonies in Copper Oxide: A Graph Entropy Approach to Topological Analysis and Applications
Authors: Ali Nasir , Zakir Muhammad Saqlain , Arshad Misbah , Naseer Muhammad Kamran
Published: July 2024

In the realm of molecular science, intricate relationships between molecular structures and their biomedical and pharmacological characteristics have been revealed through empirical experiments. This exploration hinges on the application of numerical descriptors, known as Topological Indices, which illuminate the inherent properties of diverse molecular structures. With particular significance in the medical and pharmaceutical domains, these indices facilitate the prediction of biological features for new chemical compounds and drugs by quantifying weighted entropies. In the context of this paper, we delve into the concept of graph entropy, weaving it intricately with the topological properties of the crystalline framework of the copper oxide molecule, denoted as Cu\textsubscript{2}O$[i,j,t]$. Our primary objective is to unravel the mathematical symphony underlying the structural intricacies of Cu\textsubscript{2}O$[i,j,t]$ and to imbue it with the conceptual essence of entropy. We accomplish this through the computation of entropy, leveraging various topological indices, including weight. In addition to our analytical journey, we present a graphical comparison that juxtaposes the computed indices and entropies, shedding light on the interplay between mathematical analysis and the structural elegance of Cu\textsubscript{2}O$[i,j,t]$. This endeavor contributes to a deeper understanding of the material's multifaceted applications, spanning domains from chemical sensors to solar cells, photocatalysis, and batteries, where Cu\textsubscript{2}O's crystallographic structure plays a pivotal role.
Theoretical Proof of De Broglie’s Wave Function
Authors: Qin Sheng
Published: July 2024

This paper, based on the "Unified Theory of Forces," rigorously proves the formula of de Broglie's wave function. This helps us better understand the following important issues: 1) Theoretically prove and understand the essence of de Broglie's wave function; 2) Prove that when the particle's momentum P is determined, the greater the mass of the particle, the more concentrated its wave function distribution, and the weaker the interference effect; 3) Correct the spatial distribution of the wave function of free particles, proving that the wave function of free particles is strictly constrained within a finite spatial range, which is consistent with the facts we observe.
Lab-on-Chip for Cell Sorting: Main Features and Advantages of Inertial Focusing in Spiral Microchannels
Authors: Petruzzellis Isabella , Martínez Vázquez Rebeca , Caragnano Stefania , Gaudiuso Caterina , Osellame Roberto , Ancona Antonio , Volpe Annalisa
Published: July 2024

Inertial focusing based Lab-on-Chips represent nowadays a promising technology for cell sorting in various applications, thanks to their coherence with the ASSURED criteria recommended by the World Health Organization, being: Aﬀordable, Sensitive, Speciﬁc, User-friendly, Rapid and Ro-bust, Equipment-free and Delivered. Inertial focusing in spiral microchannel can offer a rapid, portable and ease of prototyping solution for cell-sorting. In literature, different geometries of microfluidic channel have been investigated to understand how hydrodynamic forces, due to primary and secondary flow, influence particle focusing. The balancing of these forces in spiral microchannels allows for high throughput and ﬁltration eﬃciency across different particle and sizes. The understanding of such mechanism represents a key aspect to address the prototyping of spiral devices for the target application. A clear, complete and orderly overview in the current literature is lacking. For this reason, we aim to compare the main features of inertial focusing depending on various cross-section (rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, hybrid) in spiral devices. Additionally, details about materials and prototyping techniques will be provided. This review study will provide readers a comprehensive overview of current research, guiding future ex-perimentation by expediting the selection of spiral geometries and materials based on the type of particle to be separated.
Addressing the Policy Gaps and Challenges to Originating High‐Quality Blue Carbon Projects in the Asia‐Pacific Region: A Systematic Evidence Synthesis Bolstered by Practitioner Consultation
Authors: King Daniel , Lewin Allison , Mawson Rebekah , McKay Philippa , James Robyn , Wang Yiwei
Published: July 2024

The Asia-Pacific region contains almost half of the planet’s coastal carbon-sequestering (blue carbon) environments (mangroves, salt marshes, seagrasses). These habitats are highly valuable to sequester carbon and mitigate climate change, but are under threat throughout the region, due in significant part to an insufficient policy environment to protect, restore, or create new coastal wetlands/blue carbon environments. Using a systematic evidence synthesis we reviewed the existing literature on blue carbon policy, and found that gaps and challenges fall under three themes, “Land Tenure and Ownership”, “Funding and Protecting Blue Carbon Habitat”, and “Conflicting Priorities and Jurisdictions”, with two overarching issues, the inconsistent recognition of rights of indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) and women, and sea-level rise. This study makes recommendations to ensure high-quality blue carbon projects through improving equitable outcomes, particularly for women and IPLCs, and to reduce barriers to implementing blue carbon projects. These recommendations include gender sensitive and participatory mapping along with a registry of ownership with extensive gender equitable IPLC consultation to resolve ownership uncertainties. Recommendations for community level and gender equitable benefits beyond individual land owners are important to address the inequity of land ownership. Where land ownership changes under sea-level rise and intentional barrier removal, carbon rights should be retained by the landowner; otherwise, there is little incentive to undertake blue carbon projects. Due to the limited income that results from some carbon credit payments, other crediting and non-market methods can be considered to supplement landowners’ incomes and encourage habitat protection. Conflicting priorities between authorities responsible for managing coastal wetlands can be resolved through systematic restructuring/streamlining and collaborative workshops. Some will require changes to policies and amending delegated legislation.
Bringing Back God: Goldenberg and the Vestigial State in American Religion
Authors: Cloyd Cole Brent
Published: July 2024

Naomi Goldenberg’s model of religion as a “vestigial state” is an excellent interrogation of how religion interacts with the state. To Goldenberg, religions traditionally functioned in the same manner as nation-states before being conquered and delineated as semi-autonomous institutions under the larger secular apparatus. However, I argue in this paper that Goldenberg’s “vestigial state” fails to account for the dynamism that religions have in their relationships to the state. I propose seeing religions as “alternative authorities,” which can be subordinate, cooperative, or hostile to the secular state. These perspectives as an alternative authority are seen best in the evolution of American fundamentalism and Christian nationalism, whose adherents have historically distinguished themselves from the state while simultaneously engaging in the effort to reshape it. In looking at how these movements develop, we understand that religions are constantly evolving in how to achieve and maintain power.
Maximizing Computation Rate for Sustainable Wireless Powered MEC network: An Efficient Dynamic Task Offloading Algorithm with User Assistance
Authors: He Huaiwen , Huang Feng , Zhou Chenghao , Shen Hong , Yang Yihong
Published: July 2024

In the Internet of Things (IoT) era, Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) significantly enhances the efficiency of smart devices but is limited by battery life issues. Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) addresses this issue by providing a stable energy supply. However, effectively managing overall energy consumption remains a critical and under-addressed aspect for ensuring the network’s sustainable operation and growth. In this paper, we consider a WPT-MEC network wit user cooperation to migrate the double near-far effect for the mobile node (MD) far from the base station. We formulate the problem of maximizing long-term computation rates under a power consumption constraint as a multi-stage stochastic optimization (MSSO) problem. This approach is tailored for a sustainable WPT-MEC network, considering the dynamic and varying MEC network environment, including randomness in task arrivals and fluctuating channels. We introduce a virtual queue to transform the time-average energy constraint into a queue stability problem. Using the Lyapunov optimization technique, we decouple the stochastic optimization problem into a deterministic problem for each time slot, which can be further transformed into a convex problem and solved efficiently. Our proposed algorithm works efficiently online without requiring further system information. Rigorous mathematical analysis shows that our algorithm achieves O(1/V),O(V) trade-off between computation rate and queues stability. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm outperforms baseline schemes, achieving approximately 4% enhancement while maintain the queues stability.
Redención y catarsis en la naturaleza rural: el regreso al campo en La tierra y la sombra (César Acevedo, 2015) y Lo que arde (Oliver Laxe, 2019)
Authors: Linares Andrés Felipe
Published: July 2024

Lo que arde (Oliver Laxe, 2019) y La tierra y la sombra (César Acevedo, 2015) conjugan una reflexión acerca del cosmos rural como un territorio al cual regresar en busca de redención y catarsis. La naturaleza rural se erige en las obras como un espacio soberano al cual los protagonistas se someten apaciblemente o del cual intentan sobrevivir a su misteriosa fuerza. Sirviéndonos de algunos de los postulados del cineasta Andrei Tarkovski, un autor que siempre acordó una importancia particular al vínculo con la tierra y sus raíces, el objetivo es analizar, además de sus correspondencias diegéticas, extradiegéticas y metafóricas, la forma en que la estética de estos dos films permite una trascendencia del fuerte simbolismo de sus imágenes, liberándolas de cualquier sentido impuesto. Se busca entonces reflexionar sobre cómo el imaginario rural adquiere una estética cuyo resultado se asemeja a una experiencia poética en donde la destrucción sería sinónimo de liberación.
Impact of Ultraviolet Radiation on the Aging Properties of PVC Films Doped by Tin(IV) Complexes
Authors: Ibrahiem Hanan , Yousif Emad , A. El-Hiti Gamal , H. Al-Mashhadani Mohammed , S. Ahmed Dina , Bufaroosha Muna
Published: July 2024

باستخدام مطيافية الرنين المغناطيسي النووي (بروتون, كاربون, قصدير) بالإضافة إلى مطيافية الأشعة تحت الحمراء (FTIR) لتشخيص المعقدات، تم تحضير ودراسة ثلاث من معقدات القصديرمن الإيبوبروفين. لتحسين الثبات الضوئي لمتعدد(كلوريد الفينيل) (PVC)، تم خلط هذه المعقدات مع متعدد(كلوريد الفينيل). وتم استخدام مطيافية الأشعة تحت الحمراء لتقييم فعاليتها. تمت دراسة فقدان وزن البوليمر بعد التشعيع ومتوسط الوزن الجزيئي من خلال مقارنة اللزوجة قبل التعرض وبعده. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، تمت دراسة مورفولوجيا سطح متعدد(كلوريد الفينيل) قبل وبعد التشعيع. بعد التشعيع، أظهرت افلام متعدد(كلوريد الفينيل) المشوب بمعقدات القصدير- الإيبوبروفين شقوقًا وبقعًا أقل وسطحًا أكثر سلاسة من افلام متعدد(كلوريد الفينيل) غير المشوب، وفقًا للنتائج المستحصلة من المجهر الضوئي والمجهر الإلكتروني الماسح (SEM). أظهرت البوليمرات المحورة مقاومة متزايدة للتحلل الضوئي وكان لها عامل خشونة أقل، وانخفاض في الوزن، وأضرار في السطح، مقارنة بفلم متعدد(كلوريد الفينيل) غير المشوب. وهذا يدل على أن معقدات القصدير- الإيبوبروفين التي تم تحضيرها هي مثبتات ضوئية لمتعدد(كلوريد الفينيل). حيث ان المعقد 1 هو أفضل من المثبتات الضوئية الأخرى.
Effect of Exciton Number on One – Component and Two – Component Partial Level Density Formulae
Authors: Najm Suha Ali , Salloum Ali Dawoud
Published: July 2024

عملنا في هذا البحث مقارنة بين النتائج النظرية لصيغة اركسون للمركبة والمركبتين لكثافة الحالات الجزئية مع نتائج العملية في اطار نموذج الفسح المتساوية. يلاحظ ان صيغة كثافة الحالات الجزئية  لمركبة واحدة تزداد مع زيادة قيمة عدد الاكسايتونات حيث اخذ عدد الاكسايتونات (9,7,5,3). نفس عدد الاكسايتونات عوض في صيغة كثافة الحالات الجزئية بمركبتين ولكن الزيادة في قيم كثافة الحالات الجزئية للمركبتين صغيرة جدا بحيث لا يمكن ملاحظتها لذلك يمكن القول ان الزيادة بعدد الاكسايتونات يؤثر على قيم كثافة الحالات الجزئية للمركبة الواحدة ولكن في حالة المركبتين فان قيم كثافة الحالات الجزئية لمركبة واحدة لا تتاثر بعدد الاكسايتونات وذلك لان الطاقة تتوزع على عدد اكبر من الجسيمات في حالة المركبتين عما هو علية في حالة المركبة الواحدة وهذا يجعل كثافة الحالات اقل مما هي عليه في حالة المركبة الواحدة ولا يضهر تاثير عدد الاكسايتونات. في حالة المركبتين عندما عدد الاكسايتونات (3) فان المنحني النظري يقع اسفل المستوى العملي وعندما عدد الاكسايتونات يساوي (5) يقترب المنحني النظري من المنحني العملي وعندما عدد الاكسايتونات يساوي (7) فان المنحني النظري يتقاطع مع العملي عند قيمة الطاقة (E= 5 MeV) وعندما عدد الاكسايتونات يساوي (9) يتقاطع المنحني النظري مع العملي عند قيمة الطاقة (E=4 MeV).
Evaluating the Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Levels in Sera of Iraqi Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Siraj Ibrahim Tabarak , Faris Bushra
Published: July 2024

تم تقييم أهمية العلامات الحيوية للكيماويات (بروتين مصفوفة قليل القسيم الغضروفي) في مصل 80 من التهاب المفاصل الرثوي ((RA و 40 من الرجال والنساء الأصحاء ، تم استخدام اختبار ELISA Kit في جهاز Human Reader HS لقياس المصل COMP و CRP و RF و Nihon, تم استخدام جهاز تحليل Kohden Europe (MEK-6550K) لاختبار تعداد الدم الكامل ، ومعدل ترسيب كرات الدم الحمراء ((ESR في جهاز Westergren في هذا التقييم. أظهرت النتائج أن COMP و CRP و RF و ESR أظهرت زيادة كبيرة في الوسيط في مرضى RA مقارنة بمجموعة الأصحاء (نانوغرام / مل 1.34±47.79 مقابل COMP:104.79±1.95 ; جزء من الغرام. / مل.35.14± 411271. مقابل CRP: 2442.09±172.32; نانوغرام / مل34±0.024 .0 مقابل RF: 0.92±0.03  ; مم / ساعة ±1.1315.53مقابل ESR:33.81±2.52) .كشف تحليل الانحدار اللوجستي الثنائي أن COMP كانت مؤشرا هاما عل.RA كشف تحليل منحنى ROC أيضًا أن COMP سجلت منطقة تحت منحنى 1.00 في مرضى .RA في الختام ، يعد COMP في المصل معلمة تشخيصية موثوقة قد تميز بدقة بين أولئك الذين يعانون من التهاب المفاصل الرثوي النشط والأفراد الأصحاء.
A Novel Approach for Shape Pattern Recognition Based on Boundary Features Generated by Line Simplification Algorithm
Authors: Saeid Ali Adel , Ogla Raheem , Shaker Shaimaa H.
Published: July 2024

تعتبر عملية تمييز الانماط الاشكال احدى المهام الرئيسة في التطبيقات المتعلقة بروئية الماكنة وذلك اعتمادا على التقنيات المعتمدة في استخلاص صفات الشكل والتي تكون مصنفة على اساس المحيط او المنطقة الداخلية للشكل.في هذا البحث تم التطرق الى اقتراح خوارزمية لاستخلاص متجة صفات الشكل اعتمادا على مجموعة النقاط التقديرية لمحيط الشكل  اعتماداى على خوارزمية )دوكلاس بوكر( عن طريق تكرار استدعاء الخوارزمية لعدد غير محدد من المرات بعد الابتداء بحد سماحية التقارب وزيادة قيمته بصور تصاعدية مع كل تكرار لغاية الحصول على العدد المطلوب. ومقابل كل عدد لناقط التقارب  يتم توليد متجة الصفات اعتمدا على مصفوفة المسافة  واجراء فحص تميز نمط الشكل  مع انماط الاشكال المخزونة في قاعدة الاشكال .لاجل بيان الافتراض القائم على ان هل هنالك عدد امثل لنقاط التقارب المستخرجة من خوارزية التقارب تكون مثلى لتحقيق اعلى نسبة للتمييز.تم اجراء الاختبار على مجموعة الاشكال الاختبارية MPEG-7)) باستخدام المصنف متجة الماكنة الداعم(SVM) وتبين صحة الفرضية بوجود عدد محدد لنقاط القارب يحقق اعلى نسبة تمييز بنسبة    0.961
WITHDRAWN: Detection of Unauthorized IoT devices using Machine Learning
Authors: Sonawane Uday
Published: July 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors since they no longer stand by the findings/conclusions of this work. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
The Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Attachment Based Family Therapy for Young Adults with High Suicidal Ideation: Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial.
Authors: Bockting Claudi L. , Bosmans Guy , Bergers Nele , Gavan Luana , Hiligsmann Mickaël , de Beurs Derek , Molenberghs Geert , Wijnen Ben , Lokkerbol Joran , Spek Nadia van der
Published: July 2024

Young adult suicidality is worldwide a prevalent mental health problem and the number one cause of death, with devastating consequences for individuals and their families, and substantial economic costs. However, psychological and pharmacological treatments currently recommended in guidelines for treatment of high-risk youth for fatal suicide have limited effect. In line with the WHO’s recommendation to involve the family in treatment of these youth, Attachment Based Family Therapy (ABFT) was developed; a 16-week attachment and emotion-focused treatment, implemented in mental health care settings across various European countries in the past years, and is becoming increasingly popular among therapists. However, the (cost-)effectiveness of ABFT has not been studied in emerging adults. In the proposed pragmatic RCT we aim to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ABFT compared to Treatment As Usual (TAU) on suicidality, as delivered in daily practice. This pragmatic multicenter study in the Netherlands and Belgium includes 12 participating sites. Participants are suicidal young adults (≥ 31 SIQ-JR score) between 18 and 25 years old who seek mental health treatment (n = 142) and their caregivers. The primary outcome is suicidality (SIQ-JR), with assessments at baseline, post-intervention (five months after baseline), three, six and twelve months after intervention. We predict that, compared to TAU, ABFT will lead to a stronger reduction in suicidality and will be more cost-effective, over the course of all timepoints. We also expect stronger decreases in depressive symptoms, given that suicidality is very common in individuals with depressive disorder, as well as more improvement in family functioning, autonomy, entrapment, and young adult attachment, in the ABFT condition. This study can contribute to improving the care for suicidal youngsters with high mortality risk. Treatment of suicidal emerging adults is understudied. The results will inform clinical guidelines and policy makers and improve treatment of suicidal emerging adults.
Study on Fracture Characteristics of Panel Asphalt Concrete Under Different Loading Rates
Authors: Yang Hanbing , He Jianxin , Yang Wu , Ding Xinyu , Chen Peng-peng , Liu Liang
Published: July 2024

The development of internal cracks in asphalt concrete can be seen as a sign of macro crack development. To explore the influence of different loading rates on the crack resistance of panel asphalt concrete, based on the theory of fracture mechanics, DIC digital image correlation technology was used as a test method for crack propagation of specimens. SCB (Semi-circular bending)tests were carried out on panel asphalt concrete with different loading rates (0.05, 0.2, 1, 3, 5,1 0 mm/min). The effects of different loading rates on the fracture index and full-field strain of asphalt concrete were analyzed. the results showed that when the loading rate increases from 0.05 mm/min to 10mm/min, the stress intensity factor (KIC) and fracture energy (Gf) increase, and the crack resistance index (CRI) shows the opposite law; With the increase of loading rate, the strain (Exx, Eyy) corresponding to the peak load gradually decreases. After reaching the peak strength, with the increase of load displacement, the crack of the sample gradually expands along the edge of the coarse aggregate at a low loading rate, and the crack penetrates the coarse aggregate at a high loading rate; There are obvious differences in crack morphology of asphalt concrete specimens under different loading rates, When the loading rate is 0.05-1 mm/min, the crack morphology is tortuously rising. When the loading rate is 3-10mm/min, the crack morphology develops almost vertically upward along the pre-crack. The results of the study can provide a reference for the development of cracks and fracture behavior of panel asphalt concrete under different loading rates.
Flavopiridol Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Metastasis and Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: OZTURK Emel , Yakan Birkan , Hamurcu Zuhal
Published: July 2024

Background
As the number of breast cancer, which is the most common type of cancer, increases, alternative medicine has come to the fore. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of flavopiridol on cell viability and apoptotic pathways associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) on triple negative breast cancer cells.
Methods
In this study, cell viability test (MTS) was used for the effect of flavopiridol on the viability of triple negative breast cancer cells and clonogenic assay to determine its effect on colony formation. Migration assay showed migration rates of cells, expressions of proteins involved in apoptosis, ERS [Glucose regulated protein (GRP78), DNA damage inducible gene 153 (GADD153) and the apoptotic rate was measured with Annexin V.
Results
Flavopiridol was found to significantly reduce cell viability in the triple negative breast cancer cell lines in the 200nM-700nM dose range. We also found that FP induces apoptosis via ERS.
Conclusion
Our results showed that flavopiridol, when used in combination with other cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents, will have promising potential for the treatment of patients with aggressive breast cancer, but further studies are needed in this regard.
Thalamic Purinergic Receptors: A Gateway to Modulating Fibromyalgia Pain via NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling and Pyroptosis
Authors: Kamel Ahmed Seif El Din , Mohamed Maram M. , Zaki Hala F.
Published: July 2024

The high pain sensitivity in fibromyalgia (FM) is processed by the thalamus that presents as a key component in the pain pathway in FM patients. Noteworthy, Purinergic receptors, specifically P2X, are implicated in pain signaling and neuroinflammation via inflammasome signaling. However, there is no available data on the impact of pharmacological intervention on P2X receptor in thalamic pain transmission in FM. To investigate this aspect, the clinically tested P2X inhibitor, Suramin (SURM), was utilized. FM was induced over three days using Reserpine (1 mg/kg/day, s.c.), followed by a single dose of SURM (100 mg/kg, i.p.). At the molecular level, SURM countered the overexpression of P2X7 and P2X4 receptors accompanied by reduced NLRP3 inflammasome complex and pyroptotic markers like gasdermin-D. This was associated by the suppression of the p38-MAPK and NF-κB pathways, along with a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines and tumor necrosis factor-α as observed by increased CD86 expression on M1 microglia phenotype, a neuroinflammatory marker. Concurrently, blocking the P2X receptor shifted microglia polarization towards the M2 phenotype, marked by elevated CD163 expression, as a neuroprotective mechanism. This was outlined by increased neurotrophic and anti-inflammatory; IL-10 with normalization of disturbed neurotransmitters. Behaviorally, SURM ameliorated the heightened pain processing, as observed in mechanical and thermal pain tests. Furthermore, it lowered Reserpine-induced motor impairment in the rotarod and open-field tests. This improvement in the somatosensory experience was reflected in alleviating depressive-like behavior in the forced swimming test. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of blocking thalamic P2X receptors in alleviating fibromyalgia symptoms.
Analyzing the Impact of Sphingolipid Metabolism Genes on bladder cancer Progression and Microenvironment for the Development of a Prognostic Signature
Authors: Peng Zechun , Yang Jie , Wu Tianshi
Published: July 2024

The role of sphingolipid metabolism (SM) in promoting the progression of bladder cancer (BLCA) and its impact on patient prognosis has been established. To improve therapeutic outcomes, it is essential to identify specific molecular pathways in BLCA and develop a predictive signature underlying SM-related genes. In this study, 430 BLCA samples were analyzed using univariate Cox regression to identify critical SM-relevant genes (SMGs) involved in BLCA development. LASSO regression analysis was then employed to reduce the possibility of overfitting. A multivariable Cox regression analysis was employed to develop a prognostic signature underlying SMGs, which was subsequently validated in a separate cohort. Our research revealed that dysregulated SM leads to worse prognosis in BLCA patients, and important prognostic genes (PCSK2, NFASC, NTF3, NR2F1, ATP13A2, SREBF1, GSDMB, and LGALS4) were identified. Using these SMGs, we developed a prognostic BLCA-risk model that effectively predicted the prognosis of BLCA patients (AUC was 0.772 for the training cohort and 0.725 for the validation cohort). Interestingly, patients identified as high-risk by this model had a significantly more active immunological milieu, characterized by higher immune scores and increased 26 types of immune function and cell like NK cells, CD8+T cells, and cytolytic activity. These findings suggest that dysregulated SM may contribute to immune microenvironment dysregulation in BLCA. Our research provides a better awareness of the role of SM in the emergence of BLCA and has the potential to offer customized care to high-risk patients based on their SM-related gene expression signature.
A Low-Cost, Open-Source Cylindrical Couette Rheometer
Authors: Erni Makita , Hart John , Trumper David , Owens Crystal E.
Published: July 2024

Rheology, commonly simplified by the property of viscosity, describes the flow of all fluids, from food and plastics, to coatings, adhesives, and 3D printing inks. While viscometers adequately probe Newtonian (constant) viscosity, most fluids have complex viscosity, requiring tests over multiple shear rates, and transient measurements. As a result, rheometers are typically large, expensive, and require additional infrastructure (e.g., gas lines), rendering them inaccessible for regular use by many individuals, small organizations, and educators. Here, we introduce a low-cost (under USD$200 bill of materials) Open Source Rheometer (OSR), constructed entirely from thermoplastic 3D printed components and off-the-shelf electromechanical components. A sample fluid rests in a cup while a microstepping motor rotates a tool inside the cup, applying strain-controlled shear flow. A load cell measures reaction torque exerted on the cup, and viscosity is calculated. To establish the measurement range, the viscosity of four Newtonian samples of 0.1–10 Pa.s were measured with the OSR and compared to benchmark values from a laboratory rheometer, showing under 23% error. Building on this, flow curves of three complex fluids – a microgel (hand sanitizer), foam (Gillette), and biopolymer solution (1% xanthan gum) – were measured with a similar error range. A further stress relaxation test was demonstrated on the biopolymer solution. The OSR cost is ∼1/25th that of commercially available devices with comparable minimum torque (200 µN.m), and provides a platform for further innovation in open-source rheometry.
Sensitivity to change of the COVID-19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale among Canadian dentists
Authors: Seth Rachita , Madathil Sreenath A. , Siqueira Walter L. , McNally Mary , Quinonez Carlos R. , Glogauer Michael , Allison Paul
Published: July 2024

Introduction:
There is a need to further validate the COVID-19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale (C-19ASS) by evaluating its sensitivity to change over time.
Aim
To estimate the sensitivity to change over time of the C-19ASS in a sample of Canadian dentists. To estimate the effect of age, sex, practice type and vaccination on the anxiety levels of dentists in Canada.
Methods
Longitudinal data were used from a prospective cohort study conducted to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 among dentists practising in Canada. Mixed effects ordinal logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between total C-19ASS scores and follow-up time in the study and COVID-19 case counts in the province of practice of the participants during the 14 days prior to completing the C-19ASS questionnaire. Mixed effects models were utilized to identify the factors associated with COVID-19 related anxiety.
Results
The odds of being in a more severe category of anxiety were reduced by 26% (OR 0.74, 95% C.I. 0.72–0.76) with every 30-day increase in the follow-up time. The odds of being in a more severe category of anxiety increased by 20% (Odds Ratio = 1.20, 95% C.I.= 1.12–1.27) with each 10,000 COVID-19 case increase in the dentists’ work province during the 14 days prior to data collection. Age, sex and practice type were significantly associated with COVID-19 related anxiety in dentists.
Conclusion
The C-19ASS is sensitive to change over time and with external anxiety stimuli. COVID-19 related anxiety among dentists was associated with age, sex and practice type.