bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Стратегический план или мастер план?
Authors: Герцберг Лора
Published: April 2022

После поручения Президента РФ В.В. Путина Правитель­ству РФ разработать предложения по замене генеральных планов крупных городов стратегическими планами активизи­ровался процесс разработки мастер-планов городов, прирав­ненных к стратегическим планам, и одновременно разверну­лась дискуссия по вопросу «чем мастер-планы отличаются от генеральных планов». В этой связи в статье рассматриваются три актуальных вопроса: в чём различия между мастер-пла­нами и генеральными планами, идентичен ли мастер-план стратегическому плану, нужно ли заменять генеральный план стратегическим или необходимы оба документа. Крометого, в статье рассматривается Указ Президента РФ от08.11.2021 № 633 «Обутверждении Основ государственной политики в сфе­ре стратегического планирования в Российской Федерации», в котором отмечается необходимость разработки архитектуры документов стратегического планирования, однако, при её от­сутствии в соответствии с правительственными поручениями, намечается разработка мастер-планов 25-ти городов Даль­него Востока, уже имеющих многочисленную документацию по вопросам стратегического и пространственного планиро­вания. В заключении отмечается, что существующий хаос в системе стратегического планирования должен быть заменён «архитектурой»упорядоченныхдокументом суказанием их связи и последовательности разработки.
Градостроительное нормирование в условиях редуцирования правил проектирования
Authors: Давиденко Павел , Лола Ульяна , Меньшикова Елена
Published: April 2022

В статье проводится анализ сложившихся изменений по пересмотру сводов правил, в частности СП 42 «Градостроительство. Планировка и застройка городских и сельских поселений». Проведённые преобразования документа далеко не всегда достигают поставленной цели – исключить нормы, не отвечающие требованиям безопасности. В статье приводятся аргументы в защиту многих незаслуженно изъятых из СП 42 положений. При этом приводятся примеры правил, которые можно было бы сократить. Важным выводом статьи является необходимость более обдуманных преобразований в документе чрезвычайной важности для формирования городской среды.
Формирование системы ансамблей площадей и градостроительный код исторического развития Турина
Authors: Кубецкая Любовь , Кудрявцева Наталия
Published: April 2022

Статья содержит результаты исследования процесса формирования системы площадей Турина, начиная с 1565 года – года получения городом статуса столицы Савойскогокоролевства, – и до наших дней, проведённого на фоне историко-генетического анализа сложения разновременных частей и зон в соответствии с этапами эволюции (Римский лагерь, крепость-фортификация, «зона командо», бурги). Территория исследования – историческое ядро города. Полученные данные позволили представить историко-генетическую модель города и проследить генетический код развития; выявить принципы расположения площадей, дворцов, соборов, их пространственные взаимосвязи; разнообразие характеристик и параметров площадей, особенности внутреннего зонирования; обнаружены формы органической реконструкции стихийно сформировавшейся градостроительной структуры – от средневекового города к представительным ансамблям площадей столичного облика. Результаты исследования обогащают методическую основу градостроительных решений и поддержания исторического статуса городов.
Differentiation of eosinophilic and non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis on preoperative computed tomography using deep learning
Authors: Hua Hongli , Li Song , Xu Yu , Chen Shiming , Kong Yonggang , Yang Rui , Deng Yu-Qin , Tao Zezhang
Published: April 2022

Objective: This study aimed to develop deep learning (DL) models for
differentiating between eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) and
non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (NECRS) on preoperative computed
tomography (CT). Methods: A total of 878 chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS)
patients undergoing nasal endoscopic surgery were included. Axial spiral
CT images were pre-processed and used to build the dataset. Two semantic
segmentation models based on U-net and Deeplabv3 were trained to segment
sinus area in CT images. All patient images were segmented using the
better-performing segmentation model and used for training and
validation of the transferred efficientnet_b0, resnet50,
inception_resnet_v2, and Xception neural networks. Additionally, we
evaluated the performances of the models trained using each image and
each patient as a unit. The precision of each model was assessed based
on the receiver operating characteristic curve. Further, we analyzed the
confusion matrix, accuracy, and interpretability of each model. Results:
The Dice coefficients of U-net and Deeplabv3 were 0.953 and 0.961,
respectively. The average area under the curve and mean accuracy values
of the four networks were 0.848 and 0.762 for models trained using a
single image as a unit, while the corresponding values for models
trained using each patient as a unit were 0.853 and 0.893, respectively.
The generated Grad-Cams showed good interpretability. Conclusion:
Combining semantic segmentation with classification networks could
effectively distinguish between patients with ECRS and NECRS based on
preoperative sinus CT images. Furthermore, labeling each patient to
build a dataset for classification may be more reliable than labeling
each medical image.
Deep Learning Based Fetal Distress Detection from Time Frequency Representation of Cardiotocogram Signal Using Morse Wavelet
Authors: Daydulo Yared , T Bheema Lingaiah , Dasari Hanumesh , Aboye Genet
Published: April 2022

Abstract Background: Clinically Cardiotocography is a technique which is
used to monitor and evaluate the level of fetal distress. Even though,
CTG is the most widely used device to monitor determine the fetus
health, existence of high false positive result from the visual
interpretation has a significant contribution to unnecessary surgical
delivery or delayed intervention. Objective: In the current study an
innovative computer aided fetal distress diagnosing model is developed
by using time frequency representation of FHR signal using generalized
Morse wavelet and the concept of transfer learning of pre-trained ResNet
50 deep neural network model. Method: The CTG data is obtained from the
only open access CTU-UHB data base of Cardiotocogram, and then FHR
signal is extracted and preprocessed to remove noises and spikes. After
preprocessing the time frequency information of FHR signal is extracted
by using generalized Morse wavelet and fed to a pre-trained ResNet 50
model which is fine tuned and configured according to our dataset.
Result: After successfully training the model, a comprehensive
experimentation of testing is conducted for FHR data for which a
recording is made during early stage of labor and last stage of labor.
Thus, a promising classification accuracy result of 98.7% and 96.1 are
achieved for FHR data’s of 1st and 2nd stage of labor respectively.
Conclusion: A graphical user interface is developed for the model using
Matlab app designer for ease of implementation, and can be used as a
decision-making aid system for obstetrician and gynecologist.
Determination Of Bacterial Taxonomia Isolates of Cocoa Almonds During Fermentation In “Saf’s” Agroforestry System In The Amazon.
Authors: Quadros Jeferson , Barros Mateus Cardoso , Paiva Rafael da Silva , Silva Magnun Antonio Penariol da , Nunes Raquel Soares Casaes
Published: April 2022

Backgroud: Agroforestry systems (SAFs) are an alternative for
sustainable development as they enable the recovery of degraded areas
and reduce deforestation, contributing to breaking the cycle of
traditional family farming, so common in the Amazon region, which
enables the recovery of soils , the increase of organic matter and soil
fertility. Cocoa beans are grown and fermented in SAFs. According to
researches, the significant appearance of endophytic microorganisms such
as bacteria in the cocoa bean can benefit its production commonly with
fermentative bacteria. The aim of the study was to characterize the
microbiota of cocoa beans during the fermentation process.
Methods: Bacteria isolation was performed from the collected
samples, one of the applied procedures was the scraping of the dried and
fermented cocoa beans. Afterwards, aliquots were subcultured in a Petri
dish with culture medium containing Blood agar and MacConkey agar to
verify bacteria. Cultures were analyzed by counting colony forming units
(CFU/mL). Molecular analyses and Sequencing were realized for described
the diversity microbial Results: DNA sequencing and
phylogenetic analyzes were performed to emphasize microbial morphology
characterization. Gram negative bacilli (Enterobacter spp. and
Citrobacter spp.) and Gram positive bacilli (Bacillus spp.) were found
in cocoa beans after 72 hours of fermentation. Conclusion:
However, this work contributed to the characterization of endophytic
bacteria in cocoa seeds, enabling in-depth studies of in vitro
verification of the potential for biocontrol of these endophytic
bacteria in cocoa cultivation.
Seed type and origin-dependent germination patterns in Danthonia californica, a cleistogamous species commonly used in grassland restoration
Authors: Jones S. , Reed Paul , Roy Bitty , Morris William , DeMarche4 Megan
Published: April 2022

Danthonia californica is a native perennial bunchgrass commonly used in
the restoration of prairie ecosystems in the western United States.
Plants of this species simultaneously produce both chasmogamous
(potentially outcrossed) and cleistogamous (obligately self-fertilized)
seeds. Restoration practitioners almost exclusively use chasmogamous
seeds for outplanting, which are predicted to perform better in novel
environments due to their greater genetic diversity. Meanwhile,
cleistogamous seeds may exhibit greater local adaptation to the
conditions in which the maternal plant exists. We performed a common
garden experiment at two sites in the Willamette Valley, Oregon to
assess the influence of seed type and source population (eight
populations) on germination and found no evidence of local adaptation
for either seed type. Cleistogamous seeds outperformed chasmogamous
seeds regardless of whether seeds were sourced directly from the common
gardens (local seeds), or other populations (nonlocal seeds).
Furthermore, average seed weight had a strong positive effect on
germination success, despite the fact that chasmogamous seeds had
significantly greater mass than cleistogamous seeds. At one common
garden we observed that seeds of both types sourced from north of our
planting site performed significantly better than local or
southern-sourced seeds. We also found a significant seed type and
distance-dependent interaction, with cleistogamous germination peaking
approximately 125km from the garden, which may be explained by
differences in the pathogen content of cleistogamous and chasmogamous
seeds. These results suggest that cleistogamous seeds should be
considered for greater use in D. californica restoration.
Growth and Photosynthetic Responses of Cowpea Genotypes under Waterlogging at the Reproductive Stage.
Authors: Olorunwa Omolayo , Adhikari Bikash , Brazel Skyler , Shi Ainong , Popescu Sorina , Popescu George , Barickman T. Casey
Published: April 2022

Waterlogging is an important environmental stress limiting the
productivity of crops worldwide. Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata L) is
particularly sensitive to waterlogging stress during the reproductive
stage, with a consequent decline in pod formation and yield. However,
little is known about the critical processes underlying cowpea’s
responses to waterlogging during the reproductive stage. Thus, we
investigated the key parameters influencing carbon fixation, including
stomatal conductance (g ), intercellular CO
concentration, chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll
fluorescence, of two cowpea genotypes with contrasting waterlogging
tolerance. These closely related genotypes have starkly contrasting
responses to waterlogging during and after 7-days of waterlogging stress
(DOW). In the intolerant genotype (‘EpicSelect.4’), waterlogging
resulted in a gradual loss of pigment and decreased photosynthetic
capacity as a consequent decline in shoot biomass. On the other hand,
the waterlogging-tolerant genotype (UCR 369) maintained CO
assimilation rate ( A), stomatal conductance (g
), biomass, and chlorophyll content until 5 DOW.
Moreover, there was a highly specific downregulation of the mesophyll
conductance (g ), maximum rate of Rubisco (V
), and photosynthetic electron transport rate (J
) as non-stomatal limiting factors decreasing
A in EpicSelect.4. Exposure of EpicSelect.4 to 2 DOW resulted in
the loss of PSII photochemistry by downregulating the PSII quantum yield
(F /F ), photochemical efficiency (Ф
), and photochemical quenching (qP). In contrast, we
found no substantial change in the photosynthesis and chlorophyll
fluorescence of ‘UCR 369’ in the first 5 DOW. Rather, UCR 369 rapidly
developed adventitious roots (ARs), maintained biomass accumulation, and
elongated stems, enabling the genotypeto maintain nutrient absorption
and photosynthesis during the early period of waterlogging. However,
compared to the control, both cowpea genotypes could not fully recover
their photosynthetic capacity after 7 DOW, with a larger decline in
EpicSelect.4. Overall, our findings suggest that rapid AR formation and
stem elongation appear to play critical roles in cowpea’s waterlogging
tolerance, with the waterlogging-tolerant genotype also maintaining
considerable carbon fixation during the reproductive stage.
Water mass-driven multiple ecological effects determine the biodiversity and assembly processes of microbial flagellates' communities in subtropic-tropic marginal seas of China
Authors: GUO XIN , Liu Qiang , Lin Xiaoqing , Zheng Xinyi , Huang Cheng , Pang Mengwen , Huang Lingfeng
Published: April 2022

Marine microbial flagellates form an important part of marine
ecosystems, and play an essential role in maintaining ecosystem
functions. However, the underlying biogeographic processes and
ecological effects that shape marine microbial flagellate communities
(MFCs) on the geographical scale (~ 2,000 km) remain
unclear, especially how their composition is related to movements of
water masses. In this study, high-throughput sequencing of 18S rRNA
genes was conducted to survey two size-fractioned groups (0.8–2.0 μm
for pico-sized and 2.0–20 μm for nano-sized groups) of MFCs in three
subtropic-tropic marginal seas of China. Furthermore, the impacts of
environmental factors, spatial factors, and water masses on MFCs were
explored and compared across different spatiotemporal conditions. The
results demonstrate non-random biogeographic distributions of MFCs in
the studied area. These distributions were affected by several
ecological processes, such as environmental selection, dispersal
limitation, neutral process, and interactions within communities. These
processes were driven by complex water masses that formed on a
geographical scale. Notably, environmental heterogeneity was identified
as the principal determinant of MFCs in each sea area. However, the
importance of spatial factors increased with the spatial scale, which
weakened biotic interactions within the community on a geographical
scale. This effect was more apparent in nano-sized MFCs, indicating
stronger dispersal limitation because of their larger cells and weaker
dispersal ability. In summary, this study expands the available
knowledge on the dynamic biogeographic patterns of MFCs associated with
water masses on a geographical scale where strong spatial and
environmental gradients exist.
A memristor-based associative memory circuit considering synaptic crosstalk
Authors: Li Zhijun , yi zhaowei
Published: April 2022

Synaptic crosstalk, which characterizes the interaction between synapses
when the neighboring neurons are activated at the same time, plays an
important role in the transmission of neural signals. To discover the
effect of synaptic crosstalk on associative memory, a memristor-based
associative memory circuit considering synaptic crosstalk is proposed in
this letter. The inhibitory effect of negative crosstalk on associate
memory in the initial learning stage and the consolidation influence of
positive crosstalk on associate memory when the synaptic weight exceeds
the critical value are revealed. Pspice simulations are conducted on the
resultant circuit to verify its correctness.
Microwave assisted synthesis of novel spiro diarylidenes and their antimicrobial assay
Authors: Shroff Sabita , Mohanta Prajna , Baitharu Iswar , Bag Bhawani , Behera Ajaya
Published: April 2022

A rapid and high yield microwave assisted synthesis of a series of novel 7,9-bis-(arylidene)-4-methyl-2,6,10-triphenyl-2,3-diazaspiro[4,5]dec-3- -ene-1,8-dione has been explored. The spiro diarylidene derivatives having nitrogen atom and ?,?-unsaturated ketone moiety were synthesized by aldol condensation between 4-methyl-2,6,10-triphenyl-2,3-diazaspiro[4,5]dec-3-ene-1,8- -dione and corresponding aryl aldehydes followed by dehydration. The synthesized series of novel spirodiarylidene derivatives were characterized using IR, 1H- and 13C-NMR and mass spectra. Density functional theory (DFT) study was performed by Gaussian 09 software. The antimicrobial activities of the synthesized derivatives were evaluated against two pathogenic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strain and three pathogenic fungal species by disk diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined by the microbroth dilution technique. The results of the present study demonstrated that the examined compounds marked 5a and 5c, possessing 4-NO2 and 5-Br-2-OH substituents, are found to be more active against Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, 8 and 16 ?g mL-1, respectively, and moderately active against Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, compared to other synthetic derivatives. However, none of the synthesized derivatives showed any activity against Streptococcus pyrogenes. Compound 5e, possessing 2,4,6-(OCH3)3C6H3 moiety, exhibited broad spectrum activity against all fungal strains under study, but showed no antibacterial activity.
Consequences of Prescribed Disclosure Timeliness: Evidence from Acceleration of the Form 8-K Filing Deadline
Authors: Watkins Jessica
Published: April 2022

I investigate capital market consequences of an increase in prescribed timeliness of firms' mandatory disclosure of material events. Specifically, I examine an SEC regulatory change that accelerates the Form 8-K filing deadline and classifies 8-Ks as likely to be constrained or unconstrained by the increase in prescribed timeliness. After the regulatory change, firms filing constrained 8-Ks exhibit increases in information asymmetry between investors and investor disagreement at the 8-K filing date relative to firms filing unconstrained 8-Ks. Moreover, the relative increases in information asymmetry and investor disagreement for firms filing constrained 8-Ks appear to be attributable to a decline in the length of and quantitative information included in 8-K disclosures. My findings shed light on the costs of a prescriptive approach to enhanced disclosure timeliness of ongoing disclosure.

Data Availability: Data are available from public sources cited in the text.

JEL Classifications: D82; D83; G18; M41.
Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress (IIED) Claim Laws and the Legal Remedies: Examining and Identifying the Theory
Authors: Alim Abdul
Published: April 2022

The area of tort law known as negligence engages harm caused by failing to act as a form of carelessness probably with extenuating circumstances. Emotional distress is a broad term that can refer to a wide range of symptoms from a variety of mental health disorders. Anyone can experience emotional distress, even if they do not meet the criteria for any psychological disorder. Whether or not a mental health problem is present, emotional distress can be overwhelming effect on daily functioning. The workplace can be a stressful environment, and while some stress may be motivating, too much is often overwhelming. The major causes of emotional distress related to work may include concerns about job security or job performance. Sometimes, circumstances build and combine in unexpected ways to cause distress for relationships with colleagues or managers. A person can experience poor working conditions in any workplace and at all levels of an organization. Among the many possible causes of emotional distress at home are personal or environmental factors, such as: experiencing relationship problems with partners, other family members, or friends. It may include living in a neighborhood that faces inequity and a deprivation of resources.
The Minimum Rate Tax of Corporate Tax: The Deal of G7
Authors: Suarez Francisco Medina
Published: April 2022

This article aims to show some important aspects over the deals of countries of G7 regarding a minimum corporate tax of 15% or similar percentage. In an ideal stage, it can be an interesting approach but there are several aspects, treaties, special taxes law, taxes sovereignties, etc. which collide with that project. For that reason, this article tries to show a modest exposure over some obstacles that this proposal will find without trying to limit the matter and casuistry that the study will represent in its entire dimension by the experts in the field
Level of Adherence to Covid-19 Preventive Measures: Case Study of FUTA Shuttle Bus
Authors: Akinsehinwa Feyisola Olajire
Published: April 2022

This study assessed the level of adherence of FUTA shuttle bus operators and passengers to the covid-19 preventive measures suggested by the government, regarding the compulsory hand rinsing; physical distancing preventive measures; and wearing of a nose mask and or face mask in FUTA shuttle bus. Survey research design was employed through personal observation. The observation lasted for 7 days which entails a 7-day peak and off-peak hour count within the specified hours of 7-10 am 2-4 pm and 4-7 pm from Sunday to Saturday. Of the three hours designated for each morning, afternoon, and evening session, there seems to be no rinsing of hands by passengers, although there were provisions of veronica buckets in the Bus Park. Also, there seems to be a low level of adherence to nose masks and or face mask-wearing among the passengers, however, the FUTA shuttle bus operators were keen on ensuring physical distance in the sitting arrangement of passengers as this was discovered in all the shuttle buses that were studied. The study recommends the strict monitoring and enforcement of hand rinsing by passengers in FUTA before the departure of shuttle bus; the enforcement of nose mask and or face mask-wearing inside the shuttle bus.
Understanding novel EGFP-Ubx protein-based film formation
Authors:   , Italia Valeria
Published: April 2022

Protein-based materials are currently the subject of intense research interest since they have an extended range of potential applications, such as im-proved bio-membrane biocompatibility for implanted medical devices and the creation of platform materials for novel biosensors. Monomers from Ultrabithorax (Ubx) transcription factor are known to spontaneously self-assemble at an air-water interface to form a monolayer, which has then been used as a basis for forming biopolymeric ˝bers. Here we used the Lang-muir trough technique, Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), ellipsometry and neutron re˛ectometry (NR) to investigate the in˛uences of di˙erent exper-imental conditions on EGFP-Ubx monolayer formation and the impact on biopolymeric ˝ber structure. We varied protein concentration, bu˙er prop-erties and waiting times prior to forming biopolymeric ˝bers. Interestingly, we found 3 phases of material formation which brought us to a new protocol for forming ˝bers that reduced protein concentration by 5-fold and wait-ing times by 100-fold. Moreover, an in-house developed MATLAB code was used to analyze SEM images and obtain quantitative structural information about the biopolymeric ˝bers that were correlated directly to the surface ˝lm characteristics measured in the LB trough. These new insights into ˝ber formation and structure enhance the usefulness of the Ubx-based biopolymer for biomedical applications.
Pelaksanaan Penilaian Kompetensi Sikap Sosial dalam Pembelajaran Daring Sosiologi di SMA Negeri 1 Sutera Pessel
Authors: Tari Wahyuni Astari , Junaidi Junaidi
Published: April 2022

Learning at SMA Negeri 1 Sutera Pessel is carried out online, so that the implementation of the assessment of the competence of social attitudes in learning sociology at SMA N 1 Sutera is carried out online. This study aims to describe the implementation of assessment of social attitudes in online learning of Sociology at SMA N 1 Sutera, Pesisir Regency South. This research was analyzed by the theory proposed by Parson (Laurer, 1982). This study uses a qualitative approach, the technique of selecting informants is purpose sampling, with the number of informants 13 people. Data collection is carried out by means of observation and interviews which are analyzed using data analysis techniques from Miles and Huberman. The results showed that the method of implementing sociology teachers in assessing social attitudes in online learning of Sociology at SMA N 1 Sutera, Pesisie Selatan Regency, A good assessment is carried out directly through offline meetings with non-test techniques, so that the results are truly in accordance with the actual situation. In fact, the assessment of social attitudes during the pandemic is carried out indirectly through online meetings. Even though the situation is not possible, teachers are still required to carry out the social attitude assessment process.
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Motivasi Belajar Siswa Penerima Kartu Indonesia Pintar di SMK Negeri 1 Batipuh
Authors: Aulia Syarifa , Fernandes Reno
Published: April 2022

This study aims to determine learning motivation and the factors that influence the learning motivation of students receiving the Smart Indonesia Card at SMK Negeri 1 Batipuh. To analyze this research, the researcher uses the motivation theory proposed by Abraham Maslow about the hierarchy of human needs. This study uses a qualitative approach with the informant selection technique, namely purposive sampling with the number of informants as many as 19 people. Data was collected by means of observation, interviews, and documentation studies which were analyzed using data analysis techniques from Miles and Huberman (data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions). The results showed that the learning motivation of students receiving the Smart Indonesia Card at SMK Negeri Batipuh had low learning achievement and there were still students who scored below the average and some even got the last rank.
Faktor Kegagalan Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Guru Sosiologi di SMAN 15 Padang
Authors: Sari Pustika , Gautama Mohammad Isa
Published: April 2022

The failure factor in developing learning media for Sociology Teachers at SMA N 15 Padang, in terms of Affective Sociology Teachers at SMAN 15 Padang received learning media in the process of developing learning media. In terms of Cognitive Sociology Teachers at SMAN 15 Padang usually invite students to discuss and ask questions related to the learning material delivered through learning media whether this media is suitable for use or needs to be re-evaluated. Likewise Psychomotor, Sociology Teacher of SMAN 15 Padang conveyed this learning media through Google Classroom and also Google Meet to make it easier for teachers to deliver material. Even so, this Sociology teacher at SMAN 15 Padang still does not apply learning media, this can be seen when getting secondary data where the learning media used are only PPT and videos taken from Youtube. From the results of research at SMAN 15 Padang Sociology teachers must be more active in studying learning media from various sources.
Pelaksanaan Fungsi Sosialisasi Terhadap Anak Usia Dini Dalam Keluarga Petani
Authors: Andela Rani Fitri , Wirdanengsih Wirdanengsih
Published: April 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan fungsi sosialisasi dalam keluarga petani karet terhadap anak usia dini di Desa Sukajaya Kecamatan Bayung Lencir Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan Teori interaksionisme simbolik dari George Herbert Mead. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik pemilihan informan penelitian ini yaitu purposive sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis data dari Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fungsi sosialisasi yang dilaksanakan oleh orang tua petani terhadap anaknya yang berusi dini adalah pertama dengan mengajak anak untuk melakukan pekerjaan rumah bersama-sama di mulai dari melakukan hal-hal kecil yaitu merapikan mainan, meletakkan sendal ketempatnya dan meletakkan piring ke rak piring. Kedua adalah dengan memberikan nasihat kepada anak hal ini dilakukan saat anak sedang berselihi dengan saudaranya orang tua mengajarkan anak bagaimana cara menyelesaikan masalah dan menasehati dengan cara memarahi anak saat anak tidak mau pergi mengaji. Ketiga adalah memberikan hukuman kepada anak agar anak memeiliki efek jera saat melakukan kesalahan, hukuman yang diberikan orang tua berupa kekerasan fisik maupun kekerasan verbal.
Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Seks Pranikah Pada Pasangan Mahasiswa (Studi Kasus: Lima Pasang Mahasiswa di Kota Padang)
Authors: Perdiana Uci , Fitriani Erda
Published: April 2022

Latar belakang dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa kurang menyadari seks pranikah yang mereka lakukan dan pengetahuan tentang seksualitas menyebabkan terjadinya kenyataan-kenyataan pahit dan sering terjadi pemahaman yang keliru mengenai seksualitas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan faktor-faktor penyebab seks pranikah pada pasangan mahasisiwa di Kota Padang. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori Aksi Person. Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: faktor-faktor penyebab seks pranikah di Kota Padang yaitu: a) terlanjur sayang atau cinta, b) takut kehilangan, c) pemenuhan hasrat, dan d) sudah di anggap cocok. Artinya sudah merencanakan ke jenjang lebih lanjut (pernikahan). Seks pranikah yang dilakukan dianggap sebagai pintu masuk yang lebih dalam lagi yaitu hubungan seksual pranikah sebagai wujud kedekatan dengan pasangan yang sedang berpacaran dengan komitmen yang jelas sehinga melakukan hubungan seksual dengan pasangan. Dalam hal interaksi dengan orang lain pelaku seks pranikah akan menutup diri karena telah melakukan sesuatu yang menyimpang dan tidak mengindahkan nilai dan norma di masyarakat. Seks pranikah yang dilakukan dianggap sebagai pintu masuk yang lebih dalam lagi yaitu hubungan seksual pranikah sebagai wujud kedekatan dengan pasangan yang sedang berpacaran dengan komitmen yang jelas sehinga melakukan hubungan seksual dengan pasangan.
Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Sosiologi Kelas XI Pada Siswa Program 3T (Terpencil, Tertinggal, Terluar) di SMAN 1 Sumbar
Authors: Pratiwi Nia
Published: April 2022

SMAN 1 Sumbar merupakan salah satu sekolah yang dicanangkan oleh pemerintah sebagai sekolah unggul Sumatera Barat. Pada tahun 2014 sekolah ini direkomendasikan oleh pemerintah untuk menerima siswa Program 3T. Hasil pembelajaran yang dicapai oleh siswa Program 3T banyak yang berada di bawah standar KKM yang telah ditentukan sekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana pelaksanaan pembelajaran sosiologi pada siswa program 3T dan bagaimana usaha yang telah dilakukan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa program 3T. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori belajar dengan konsep teori belajar kognitif yang dikemukakan oleh Jerome Bruner. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan tipe penelitian studi kasus, pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Informan penelitian adalah wakil kesiswaan, guru, dan siswa SMAN 1 Sumbar dengan teknik purposive sampling. Validitas data menggunakan teknik triangulasi data. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun dalam kegiatan pelaksanaan pembelajaran sosiologi adalah (1) Langkah-langkah pelaksanaan pembelajaran sosiologi, (2) Teknik-teknik pelaksanaan pembelajaran sosiologi. Adapun usaha yang telah dilakukan dalam meningkatkan hasil pembelajaran siswa Program 3T adalah: (a) Memberikan belajar tambahan oleh guru pendamping khusus mata pelajaran tertentu, (b) Melaksanakan layanan konseling individual/ perorangan, (c) Melaksanakan kegiatan super camp, (d) Memberikan layanan khusus oleh guru pendamping asrama.
PENERAPAN, PELATIHAN DAN PENDAMPINGAN PEMANFAATAN SISTEM LAYANAN ADUAN MASYARAKAT DI TINGKAT KELURAHAN BERBASIS CLOUD APPLICATION DI KELURAHAN SOMAGEDE
Authors: Kuncoro Adam Prayogo , Tarwoto Tarwoto , Basten Geza Andika
Published: April 2022

Modern information systems can be used to optimize and streamline business processes that exist in a company or organization. By using a well-designed information system, many benefits can be obtained by a company or organization. The information system began to be applied to the community line, and has even been widely used as a media link between the regional government to the central government and the related community. This service is an application of the information system design that was previously made by the proposal team, used as a media complaint by the community to the government department in the Somagede Village area, Banyumas Regency, which utilized the basis of a website application or known as cloud application, which was more effective and efficient compared to conventional community based complaints systems using paper format. The community can provide criticisms, suggestions, or information about the environment surrounding the officials of the Village of Somagede using an internet connection so they can access this complaint information system. This information system is designed to make it easier for Somagede District officials to process aspirations and complaints from the community.
MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN SISTEM PENGKONDISIAN UDARA PADA MOBIL BAGI GURU, LABORAN DAN SISWA BIDANG OTOMOTIF
Authors: Rines Rines , Kusbandono Wibowo , Purwadi PK
Published: April 2022

There existed several problems that occur in several vocational schools related to the results of the implementation of the learning. In some vocational schools majoring in automotive, it was found that: (a) understanding and mastering the material of the car air conditioning system in students was still incomplete and not yet in-depth. (b) students still had difficulty understanding the air conditioning system on the car (c) there is no solution yet to make it easier for students to understand the car's air conditioning system in a complete and in-depth manner. The purpose of this service is to help overcome these problems. The training is intended for teachers, laboratory assistants and vocational students in the automotive department. The methods used were: training, demo, question and answer and joint discussion. The result of this service was an increase in the competence of teachers, laboratory staff and students. Teachers and laboratory assistants: (a) have a more complete and in-depth understanding of air conditioning systems (b) have the ability to design, make/assemble and produce props for air conditioning systems in cars (c) have the ability to develop/innovate in assembling conditioning systems air on the car. Students: (a) get a more complete and in-depth understanding of the material of the air conditioning system in the car (b) it is easier to get an understanding of the air conditioning system material in the car on the car by using the air conditioning system display equipment in the car. Other results of this service were (a) obtaining appropriate technology in the form of visual aids for car conditioning systems and (b) learning methods that facilitate understanding of air conditioning systems in cars.
EDUKASI KESEHATAN ALAT REPRODUKSI MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA PAKEM BRAILLE DI MTS YAKETUNIS YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Mahenu Novia Indah Permatasari Putri , Setiarini Birgita Elsia , Wulandari Familia Putri , Indriastuti Fransisca Wahyu Indriastuti , Kurniadi Klemen Wahyu , Riswanto Florentinus Dika Octa
Published: April 2022

The limitations of science and students' awareness of reproductive health causes such students susceptible to various diseases caused by viruses, fungi, or bacteria. This program aims to provide education about "Reproductive Health for Students in Yaketunis Yogyakarta through the media Pakem Braille", and examples of diseases that can be caused due to lack of maintaining health and hygiene of reproductive organs. The program is expected to increase interest in learning, especially science and awareness of students of MTs Yaketunis in maintaining reproductive health, producing the media "Pakem Braille" and learning modules, and also an article publication. The method used in educational activities consisted of a lecture with and without the media "Pakem Braille", where the media will be used as props in the educational process. Overall the students' understanding regarding the material of reproductive health in humans increased by 77.78%. Students interest also increased, it is seen from the increase in the number of questions asked by students amounted to 61.11%. Knowledge and awareness of reproductive health-related students increased to 73% and the result obtained was 55.6% of students categorized as having sufficient awareness and 38.9% of students considered to have good awareness of the importance of maintaining reproductive health.
PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI LEMARI PENYIMPANAN ALAT PERMAINAN EDUKATIF DI TK INDRIYASANA, BABADAN, WEDOMARTANI, SLEMAN, DIY
Authors: Ariyono V. , Purbowaskito Widagdo
Published: April 2022

Kindergarten is an educational institution which plays an important role in building cognitive, affective, and psychomotor skills of pupils. Indriyasana Kindergarten Babadan is a school that uses educational game stuff as one of the learning media. It is required to continually maintain this educational game stuff including its storage in order to enhance this learning method. However, there is a problem faced by Indriyasana Kindergarten Babadan that is the school does not have cupboards to keep its educational game stuff. This community service program implements ergonomic scientific/field to design a cupboard to keep educational game stuff based on anthropometry of teachers in Indriyasana Kindergarten Babadan. The result of this program was to design three kinds of cupboards. They were cupboards with two sledding doors, cupboards with one hinge door, and cupboards without doors.
PENGENALAN TANAMAN OBAT KEPADA ANAK-ANAK DENGAN MEDIA BUKU POP-UP
Authors: Febriani Alamanda , Waelauruw Stevany Zayned , Triatmojo Natalia Ayu , Sinaga Aulia Reynickha R. S. , Puspita Aini Yesia
Published: April 2022

Indonesia is rich in various medicinal plants. There are approximately 20,000 species of herbal plants, 1000 species have been documented, and 300 species have been used in traditional medicine. The use of medicinal plants began to decline, especially among urban people. The use of traditional medicine has decreased especially among urban people. The traditional medicine is being replaced by synthetic medicine that is popular in the market because it is known for its effectiveness to heal diseases and clinically clarified. Otherwise, generic synthetic drugs are less expensive compared with traditional medicine. The team decided to do a service program in SD Negeri Turi 1 Yogyakarta class 1, involving a total of 24 students. To discover knowledge improvement about medicinal plants, we conducted a pre- and post-test. It can be concluded that the service program improved the medicinal plant knowledge of the first grade students of SD Negeri Turi 1. The improvements can be seen in the increase of the pre-test and post-test scores for each herbal plant.
IMPLEMENTASI FASILITAS BELAJAR ERGONOMIS DI TAMAN KANAK-KANAK
Authors: Dewi Luciana Triani , Dewi K Chandra , Sukmawan I Wayan Gede Digda , Kurnianto Mario Dwi
Published: April 2022

The partner of this program is a kindergarten in Sleman District, DIY whose condition is still limited. Teaching and learning facilities were limited and some of them in unfit conditions. Based on the observation, two problems were encountered related to the availability of learning facilities. The first problem was the unavailability of facilities for students bags and stuff temporary placed during the lesson running. Students put bags and stuff on a rack of potluck or scattered in the classroom hall. The second problem was the unavailability of a cabinet to display student work and as a place to store educational toys. The shelf used did not satisfy the user and was unable to display the student work and store the toy properly. The solution provided was the implementation of ergonomic lockers and also display and store cabinet. Stages of the program covered design, manufacture, implementation, mentoring and evaluation. The implementation of new facilities leads to positive benefits for teachers and students. The facilities support a better process of teaching and learning. Teacher and students can interact with the implemented facilities safely, healthily, comfort, effectively and efficiently.The partner of this program is a kindergarten in Sleman District, DIY whose condition is still limited. Teaching and learning facilities were limited and some of them in unfit conditions. Based on the observation, two problems were encountered related to the availability of learning facilities. The first problem was the unavailability of facilities for students bags and stuff temporary placed during the lesson running. Students put bags and stuff on a rack of potluck or scattered in the classroom hall. The second problem was the unavailability of a cabinet to display student work and as a place to store educational toys. The shelf used did not satisfy the user and was unable to display the student work and store the toy properly. The solution provided was the implementation of ergonomic lockers and also display and store cabinet. Stages of the program covered design, manufacture, implementation, mentoring and evaluation. The implementation of new facilities leads to positive benefits for teachers and students. The facilities support a better process of teaching and learning. Teacher and students can interact with the implemented facilities safely, healthily, comfort, effectively and efficiently.
PEMBUATAN DAN SOSIALISASI WEBSITE SEKOLAH PADA SMP INDRIASANA
Authors: Devi Natalia Regina , Fery Hendrik , Arini Diana Putri , Alvaro Hadi , Putiastanti Stevani Fatrisia
Published: April 2022

Indriasana Palembang Junior High School is a private school in the center of Palembang city. The school complained about the lack of information and promotion media to students and student guardians. During this time guardians of students need to come to school to get information about student exams, school report, admission of new students and extracurricular activities. Based on the background of the problem, we created a school website at Indriasana Middle School. Our method is conducting interviews with school principals, student representatives and teachers about the obstacles that have been happening all this time. After the website is created, we make a socialization website introduction to the teacher. Based on the results of the school website loading and socialization evaluation, all teachers (n = 14) said they were satisfied with the website. 86% of teachers think that school websites can be used as a means of school promotion, 14% think they can be used as information media.
PELATIHAN MERANCANG PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK BERBASIS HOTS BAGI GURU SD DI KABUPATEN PESAWARAN
Authors: Riswandi Riswandi , Haenilah Een Yayah , Wicaksono Lungit , Sukamto Ismu , Mujiyati Mujiyati
Published: April 2022

This community service activity is motivated by the weak understanding of elementary school teachers in HOTS-oriented learning. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct training in designing thematic learning that is oriented towards HOTS. The training is carried out by presenting information, holding responses and group discussions on previously informed material and holding HOTS-based learning tools preparation exercises. The training was attended by elementary school teachers in District of Pesawaran. Based on the results of observations and written tests, the teachers were active in following the material presentation, discussion and preparation of HOTS learning tools. In addition, teachers' understanding has improved. This is evidenced by the pretest and posttest n-gain values of 0.09. However, the increase is not significant. Thus, it can be concluded that the participants' conceptual understanding of HOTS-oriented learning increased. This increase occurred because the previous participants did not really understand the true meaning of HOTS-oriented learning. Through this activity, participants get more detailed and easily accepted knowledge because in addition to presenting the material, the implementer also provides guidance on the development of learning designs. However, there is a need for ongoing technical guidance related to its implementation in classroom learning both online and face-to-face.
The vaccine diplomacy in international relations
Authors: Sayamov YN
Published: April 2022

The author considers the phenomenon of vaccine diplomacy throughout history. The purpose of the study is to trace the history and modernity of medical cooperation in the field of combating infectious diseases, the role and place of “vaccine diplomacy” in international relations, and its development in the context of global health diplomacy. Historical- chronological and comparative methods were used in the work. It is stated in the article that a vaccine is the most powerful and effective medical intervention in the human body that enables to preserve its life and health. It is asserted that Russian vaccine diplomacy, continuing the traditions of the Russian civilizational code based on humanism and compassion, acts as an effective “soft power” that influences the minds and wins supporters with its attractiveness. It is concluded that for Russia, vaccine diplomacy, based on the remarkable success of domestic science, which has managed to develop and offer the world a highly effective vaccine against COVID-19, opens up new opportunities for many partnerships along the path of broader pharmaceutical diplomacy.
Healthcare patterns among medical professionals
Authors: Rudkovskaya A. V.
Published: April 2022

The article is focused on attitudes of healthcare workers towards their health. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by a substantial increase in media coverage of public health-related issues, has dramatically altered many people’s normal routines and caused a shift in our collective perception of normal. In this context, examining the attitudes of health care workers toward their health becomes particularly topical as this group possesses ﬁrst-hand knowledge about the pandemic and various medical subjects. We consider medical professionals as specially-trained people who possess evidence-based knowledge about our body, mental, and physical health. Since it is a challenging job that involves being in close contact with people who are sick or recovering from illness, the risks of which have been exacerbated by the pandemic, this group has privileged access to professional medical services. We conducted a quantitative sociological survey among medical professionals who work for the Moscow Health Care System. This research allows us to analyze patterns of health care utilization and health behavior among health care workers and the correlation between their attitudes and perceptions of the problem and the actual patterns of their behavior. This paper aims to answer the following question: how do the level of medical knowledge and privileged access to a wide range of health care services and resources aﬀect the attitudes toward one’s own health that are common among the so-called expert groups?