bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE STRUCTURE, ACTIVITY AND LIQUIDATION OF THE DANUBE-SAVA VICINAL RAILWAY STOCK COMPANY DURING THE KINGDOM OF SERBS, CROATS AND SLOVENES/YUGOSLAVIA
Authors: Lajnert Siniša
Published: February 2022

This paper deals with the structure, activity, and liquidation of the Danube-Sava Vicinal Railway Stock Company during the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes/Yugoslavia. The company, founded in 1912, was based in Budapest and constructed the following railway lines: Vukovar-Ilača and Šid-Sremska Rača-Sava. These private railway lines were exploited by the state. The stock company was solvent. After the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the company’s headquarters moved from Budapest to Zagreb. Shortly after the establishment of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovens/Yugoslavia, the railway lines were exploited by the Directorate of State Railways in Zagreb, but after 1921 they came under the jurisdiction of the Directorate of State Railways in Belgrade. According to the Agreement of February 7, 1931, the state redeemed the railway lines of the abovementioned company and thus the company ceased to exist. The company went into liquidation in 1932 and was shut down on April 12, 1933.
PREDVOJNIČKA OBUKA U JUGOSLAVIJI 1948–1958.
Authors: Miletić Marko
Published: February 2022

U radu se na osnovu arhivske građe pohranjene u nizu fondova Arhiva Jugoslavije i Vojnog arhiva i dosadašnje istoriografske i publicističke literature razmatraju uvođenje predvojničke obuke u Jugoslaviji, zakonski okviri u kojima je ona funkcionisala, njeni ciljevi, organizacija, programi i tok izvođenja, kao i njeni posebni vidovi i problemi sa kojima se suočavala. Osim toga, osvrnuli smo se i na rasprave koje su pred kraj posmatranog perioda vođene u cilju pronalaženja novih perspektiva predvojničke obuke u Jugoslaviji.
Consciência fonológica na educação infantil: uma análise de práticas pedagógicas
Authors: De Melo Louveira Arteman Andreína , Demeneghi da Silva Vargas Priscila
Published: February 2022

O artigo traz uma investigação cujo objetivo foi analisar e refletir sobre o desenvolvimento da consciência fonológica - a habilidade que temos em manipular os sons de nossa língua/capacidade de percebermos que uma palavra pode começar ou terminar com o mesmo som - e como se dá esse processo na prática pedagógica com crianças pequenas da Educação Infantil. Realizaram-se estudos bibliográficos sobre a temática Consciência Fonológica, bem como pesquisa empírica em turmas de Pré-Escola em uma instituição educativa no município de Dourados/MS. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa de cunho exploratório. Verificou-se que a preocupação em desenvolver a consciência fonológica nas crianças esteve presente realizando-se atividades de maneira lúdica e com a participação das crianças, assim como o quanto é essencial o aprimoramento de tais habilidades para beneficiar e facilitar o processo de aquisição da leitura e escrita nas crianças, especialmente por elas estarem iniciando sua aprendizagem escolar. Conclui-se ainda que o docente precisa estar capacitado no sentido de compreender a importância, a necessidade e o conhecimento acerca destes processos, visando criar possibilidades e experiências que levem as crianças ao desenvolvimento de suas potencialidades, levando-as plenamente à aquisição da língua falada, escrita, bem como a leitura e interpretação.
Utilização de biodigestor no assentamento Itamarati: Sustentabilidade para a comunidade rural
Authors: Gandra Jefferson Rodrigues , Pedrini Cibeli de Almeida , Alem Bruna da Silva , De Oliveira Euclides Reuter , Peixoto Eduardo Lucas Terra , Gabriel Andréa Maria de Araújo , Lima Murilo Matias , Durães Hellén Felicidade , Silva Janaína Tayna , Neves Nathálie Ferreira , Folador Hindyra Marihellym , Costa Rayrana Carvalho
Published: February 2022

O objetivo do projeto foi orientar os produtores sobre um destino e manejo adequado de resíduos, gerando energia “limpa” e auxiliando nas questões econômicas e de sustentabilidade do assentamento. O projeto de implantação do biodigestor foi realizado no Assentamento Itamarati, em Ponta-Porã, com um grupo de produtores locais, que foram contemplados com um biodigestor. Foi realizado um curso de capacitação em construção de biodigestores que ocorreu em 2019, com suporte  do convênio firmado entre a prefeitura de Ponta Porã, PROEX/UFGD conjuntamente aos projetos aprovados a UFGD, onde os produtores receberam o treinamento inicial. A adoção do sistema visa garantir o descarte adequado de resíduos, e ainda gerar biofertilizante que será utilizado na produção de hortaliças no sistema orgânico e o biogás que será destinado ao consumo do produtor assentado. O biodigestor é composto de três partes, sendo elas a caixa de carga, tanque de fermentação e caixa de descarga, e é abastecido semanalmente por meio de abastecimento manual, o mesmo foi construído com materiais de baixo custo, para proporcionar um menor tempo de retorno do investimento. São realizadas visitas a cada 30 dias por um profissional da área e após o encerramento, a avaliação será feita com base nas reuniões e avaliação dos produtores. A comunidade demonstrou satisfação com a implantação do biodigestor, o que possibilita o desenvolvimento e permanência do homem no campo, além de ser uma tecnologia viável e eficiente, trazendo benefícios ao produtor e ao meio ambiente, pela retirada de possíveis poluentes.
A importância dos movimentos sociais para os direitos trabalhistas e previdenciários no contexto atual brasileiro como frente de resistência ao retrocesso social
Authors: Kohls Cleize Carmelinda , Gorczevski Clovis
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho aborda sobre a importância dos movimentos sociais na área trabalhista e previdenciária. Busca encontrar respostas para o seguinte problema de pesquisa: Como os movimentos sociais podem constituir uma frente de residência aos retrocessos sociais no contexto atual brasileiro? Objetiva-se, com a pesquisa desenvolvida através do método dedutivo, com pesquisa doutrinaria, jurisprudencial e análise de dados, compreender o contexto atual brasileiro, estudando-se para tanto os conceitos e ideias da pós-modernidade, pós-verdade, neoliberalismo e pós-democracia. Ademais, busca-se analisar a constituição dos movimentos sociais no Brasil, especialmente voltados às demandas sociais operárias, e discutir o papel que desempenham na preservação, garantia e conquista de direitos. O trabalho estrutura-se em três tópicos, sendo o primeiro dedicado a compreensão de ideias que caracterizam o momento atual e que são fundamentais para a contextualização do tema, um segundo dedicado ao estudo da constituição, desenvolvimento e a importância dos movimentos sociais no Brasil, e, finalmente, o último, em que é investigado como os movimentos sociais podem assumir papel de destaque na defesa dos direitos sociais trabalhistas e previdenciários, analisando-se, para tanto a questão sindical bem como as novas formas de manifestações e reinvindicações. O estudo conclui sobre a necessidade de modernização das formas de organização dos movimentos sociais, bem como de estratégias e articulações que acompanhem o contexto atual.
Crítica marxista do direito e greve geral de 2017: estudo de caso a partir da forma jurídica
Authors: Evaristo Molitor Thamíris
Published: February 2022

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar decisões exaradas com relação à greve de uma das categorias profissionais inseridas no contexto da greve geral de 2017 contra as reformas trabalhista e previdenciária. Para tanto, inicialmente fará resgate e análise bibliográficos da crítica marxista do direito, tanto de autores estrangeiros consagrados como Pachukanis e Edelman, como também de autores brasileiros, estando a presente análise, portanto, inserida primordialmente no campo de pesquisa da sociologia do direito e do direito do trabalho. Debaterá, também, sobre ideologia jurídica e os limites do direito do trabalho para melhoria da situação da classe trabalhadora. Por fim, analisará a decisão exarada pelo Tribunal Regional do Trabalho da 17ª Região e pelo Tribunal Superior do Trabalho no dissídio de greve dos rodoviários da grande Vitória-ES à luz dos autores apresentados, concluindo que o método marxista de crítica do direito continua atual e necessário para se debater o papel da forma jurídica na sociedade capitalista.
Constitucionalismo(s) na América Latina e proteção das afluentes: um estudo comparativo entre Equador e Brasil
Authors: Bomfim Rainer , Gervásio Ana Laura Marques , Severino Lorena de Oliveira
Published: February 2022

Sob vertente metodológica jurídico-sociológica, adotando-se a perspectiva do pensamento decolonial, objetiva-se realizar um estudo comparativo entre os direcionamentos constitucionais adotados no Brasil e no Equador no que se refere ao tratamento jurídico e social de problemas referentes as afluentes, com vistas no direito da natureza.  O trabalho justifica-se para apresentar a compreensão de como a colonialidade da natureza reflete em práticas e legislações que desconsideram a água enquanto um elemento indispensável à manutenção da vida, mas que resultam no seu respectivo controle e exploração com fins unicamente extrativistas e capitalistas. Deste modo, conclui-se que o tratamento constitucional dado às afluentes nos dois países são muitos distintos, sendo que o Brasil tem a centralidade dos Direitos da Natureza nas relações humanas, enquanto no Equador tem-se uma centralidade na própria natureza enquanto sujeito de direitos.
43 Natural Anticancer Products: Classified under the Cancer Hallmarks and the Available Evidence of their Anticancer Activities
Authors: McKee Dwight L. , Lodhi Mamoona S.
Published: February 2022

About 60% of chemotherapeutic agents used for the treatment of cancer diseases today have been derived from natural products. While some of these agents are identical to the natural molecules found in plants; the others are semisynthetic derivative of the foundational molecule found naturally in the raw sources. Cancers have been reported to express 10 specific hallmark which are used as the key points or steps for targeted therapy against these cancers. Extending the number of these hallmarks to 12 this review article throws light on 43 natural products classifying them according to their target of action. Further, the natural products under consideration are categorized according to the level of evidence present for their anticancer activities.
Damage of niobium by pulse flows of helium ions and helium plasma
Authors:   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS, Pimenov V. N. , Borovitskaya I. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS, Demin A. S. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS, Epifanov N. A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS,   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Latyshev S. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS,   Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Maslyaev S.A. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS, Morozov E. V. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS, Sasinovskaya I. P. ,   Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Material Science RAS, Bondarenko G. G. ,   National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Gajdar A. I. ,   Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Technologies
Published: February 2022

The damageability of niobium by pulsed fluxes of helium ions (HI) and helium plasma (HP) in the Plasma Focus (PF) setup was studied at a flux power density qi ~ 108 W/cm2 and qp ~ 107 W/cm2, respectively, and pulse duration τi ≈ 30 – 50 ns and τp ≈ 100 ns. In the implemented irradiation conditions the erosion of the material is observed associated with the evaporation of the surface layer (SL), which occurs somewhat more intensively in the central part of the irradiation zone under the action of the most high-energy fluxes of HI and HP. The typical features of the damageability of the niobium SL under the considered irradiation conditions are revealed. These include: melting of SL with the formation of a wavy surface relief and a large number of blisters of two types — gas-filled and with destroyed shells, as well as the presence of microcracks. The appearance of blisters was associated with the formation of complexes based on the combination of implanted helium atoms with vacancies and interstitial impurity atoms (C, O, N, etc.) and their subsequent growth and coagulation in the liquid phase under pulsed action of energy fluxes on the irradiated Nb surface. Some of the microcracks formed in the SL under the action of thermal stresses coincide with the sliding lines of the material that arise under the action of high-speed plastic deformation. A network of such microcracks creates a block structure on the Nb surface. In the irradiated surface layer of niobium, zones of columnar crystals and a cellular microstructure of the surface are found, in which the average cell size is ~ 100 nm. It was shown by the method of numerical simulation that in the indicated zones the process of solidification of the SL proceeded through directional crystallization at a high speed, which reached ~ 35 m/s near the irradiated surface.
Two-layer copper-based powder electrocontact
Authors:   Institute of Metallurgy of Ural branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Meilakh A. G. , Kontsevoy Yu. V. ,   Institute of Metallurgy of Ural branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Gilev I. O. ,   Institute of Metallurgy of Ural branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Shubin A. B. ,   Institute of Metallurgy of Ural branch of Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2022

The influence of various schemes of pressure treatment (pressing, rolling) and modes of heat treatment of powder mixtures on the service properties and adhesion strength of the working and current-carrying layers of electrical contacts with a conductivity of at least 75 % of the copper conductivity was investigated. The dependence of the permissible fraction of the working layer in the total contact thickness on its resistivity has been established. It was calculated that the thickness of the working layer of the created electro-contacts of two compositions : 97 % Cu + 1 % C A + 2 % PS (1) and 97.5 % Cu + 1 % C A + 0.5 % PS + 1 % Al2O3 (2), where CA — is activated carbon, PS — (Fe – Cu) nanocrystalline pseudo-alloy with electrical resistance of 3.20 and 3.28 μOhm·cm, respectively, can be increased to the thickness of the copper layer. The composition of the anti-deformation band for the copper layer of contacts — stainless steel is substantiated and selected, the dimensions of the band are calculated. In all cases of pressure treatment, sintering of samples in hydrogen were carried out twice: the first stage (reduction) — after compaction to a porosity of ~ 20 %, the second stage — after final pressure treatment. For sintered materials, the density, hardness, electrical resistance and its maximum spread over the cross section of cylindrical specimens, as well as the strength of adhesion of the working and base layers, were determined. According to the characteristics of the properties of contact materials and manufacturability of their creation, the advantage of the method of their preparation was evaluated. Optimal of the considered processes for producing contacts, comprising a joint rolling with a reduction of 50 % of copper powder and the powder mixture for the working layer (when using the metering hoppers separated for the charge of each layer), sintering at 600 °C, 1 hour, re-compacting rolling with strain 85 % and sintering at 800 °С for 1 hour. This method was used to obtain samples of contacts, which, depending on the composition of the working layer, have a relative density of 0.99 and 0.98, hardness HB 990 and 830 MPa, electrical resistance 2.57 and 2.61 μOhm·cm and adhesion strength of layers > 200 MPa (breaking stress for copper).
Laser formation and influence of laser radiation on basic characteristics of barcodes
Authors:   LLC “Laser Center”, Gorny S. G. , Zakharenko E. A. ,   ITMO University, Klassen N. V. ,   Osipyan Institute of Solid State Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolobov Yu. R. ,   Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ligachev A.E. ,   Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pryakhin E. I. ,   Saint-Petersburg Mining University, Romanov V. V. ,   ITMO University, Odintsova G. V. ,   ITMO University
Published: February 2022

The analysis of the advantages of laser marking is carried out in comparison with other methods of forming a given surface relief of structural materials, forming barcodes and reading them. The necessary conditions for stable reading of barcodes, described by the value of the contrast ratio, are formulated. The elements of the prints of the laser exposure pattern that make up the barcode are classified, and an example of measuring and calculating the contrast ratio of samples using spectrophotometry is given. The parameters of the surface relief in the areas of the applied barcode were measured using scanning probe microscopy. The analysis of the influence of the parameters of laser radiation on the geometric characteristics of the elements of the barcode and the value of its contrast ratio is carried out.
Investigation of the microhardness of the fiberglass matrix over the thickness of the samples molded by various methods
Authors:   Federal state unitary enterprise “All-russian scientific research institute of aviation materials”  of the National research center “Kurchatov institute”, Veshkin E. A. , Semenychev V. V. ,   Federal state unitary enterprise “All-russian scientific research institute of aviation materials”  of the National research center “Kurchatov institute”, Postnov V. I. ,   Federal state unitary enterprise “All-russian scientific research institute of aviation materials”  of the National research center “Kurchatov institute”, Krasheninnikova E. V. ,   Federal state unitary enterprise “All-russian scientific research institute of aviation materials”  of the National research center “Kurchatov institute”
Published: February 2022

On specimens made of fiberglass with a thickness of 2.2, 5.4 and 11 mm, obtained by autoclave molding, studies were carried out to assess the regularities of changes in the values of the microhardness of the matrix along the thickness of the specimens. The carried out studies have established that the value of the microhardness of fiberglass samples along their thickness from the front surface of the sample to the reverse surface changes according to a parabolic law with maximum values in the core, and that with an increase in the thickness of the sample, the value of the microhardness of the matrix also increases. An assessment of the stability of the values of the microhardness of the matrix in different places of a fiberglass sheet with a length of 3 m, as well as sheets of the same thickness, molded individually and in a five-layer package, is given. It was found that the methods of forming sheets of fiberglass within the framework of the experiment did not affect the values of the microhardness of the matrix.
Vestigios e indicios del aforismo femenino
Authors: Perucho Javier
Published: February 2022

En “Vestigios e indicios del aforismo femenino” se documenta con las necesarias, obligadas pruebas bibliográficas la aparición del aforismo en clave femenina en las Repúblicas Literarias de México y de España, cuyas fechas de publicación remiten a la segunda mitad del siglo XX. Esta irrupción tardía de las aforistas en la historia del género obedece a una diversidad de factores sociales y políticos. Sus precursoras fueron una novelista  y una poeta. En la actualidad, una docena de escritoras pergeñan el género en México; en España se cuentan por docenas las escritoras que hilvanan con la misma rueca los filamentos del pensamiento lapidario. Con las pruebas, los indicios y los testimonios que aquí se presentan, se comprueba que las aforistas de ambos países han remontado ese acceso tardío y reclamado un puesto en la historia del aforismo hispanoamericano con sus temáticas, formas, innovaciones y actualizaciones.
Traducir para el lector translingüe: incongruencias productivas entre tres versiones de Los niños perdidos de Valeria Luiselli
Authors: Alvstad Cecilia
Published: February 2022

Los niños perdidos (Un ensayo en cuarenta preguntas) es una autotraducción de Valeria Luiselli publicada en 2016. Se trata de una traducción ampliada de un texto publicado originalmente en inglés el mismo año. En 2017, la autora da a conocer una versión más extensa del texto inglés: Tell Me How It Ends: An Essay in Forty Questions. En este artículo, comparamos las tres versiones de la obra haciendo hincapié en las divergencias entre ellas. Argumentamos que esas divergencias forman parte de la poética de la obra puesto que, potencialmente, le permitan al lector translingüe acceder a una capa interpretativa inaccesible al lector monolingüe. Postulamos que las incongruencias entre las tres versiones ponen de manifiesto órdenes narrativos alternativos a una historia que, por su temática terrible, resulta difícil de contar. De esta manera, el proceso de traducción reforzaría uno de los temas centrales de la obra.
Género, identidad y multilingüismo en la escritura chicana reciente de autoría femenina
Authors: Santos de Souza Livia
Published: February 2022

¿Qué papel juega el español en la obra de jóvenes autoras latinoamericanas nacidas en los Estados Unidos? ¿Qué impacto tiene esa doble pertenencia, identitaria y lingüística, en la circulación de narrativas? El presente artículo ensaya respuestas para esas preguntas a partir del análisis de obras de dos escritoras chicanas que producen textos que reflexionan sobre la relación entre lengua, género e identidad: Myriam Gurba y Kali Fajardo-Anstine. En Mean, Gurba construye relatos que constantemente mencionan el tránsito lingüístico y que a veces se producen a partir de ese movimiento entre lenguas. Fajardo-Anstine, autora del volumen de cuentos Sabrina & Corina, elabora narrativas en que el español está presente como una fuerza latente. Ambas autoras reflejan en sus obras  experiencias formativas de jóvenes latinas en Estados Unidos y la tensión lingüística, además de una función estilística, representa un nudo central para la comprensión de la intersección entre género e identidad.
Alejandro Zambra: la lengua privada de un poeta chileno
Authors: Amaro Castro Lorena
Published: February 2022

El asombro, la comicidad y complicidad en el uso de la lengua castellana (particularmente en su variante chilena) forman parte de lo que se podría llamar un estilema zambriano: no es raro encontrar en sus textos narrativos y ensayísticos ironías, retruécanos y juegos semánticos, que con humor desestabilizan las garantías idiomáticas, al tiempo que apelan a una comunidad de sentido local. Esto se hace visible particularmente en algunos ensayos de Tema libre (2018) y en su última novela, Poeta chileno (2020), protagonizada por una periodista norteamericana empeñada en hacer una crónica sobre la poesía chilena contemporánea, y por dos poetas, padrastro e hijastro, cuya relación desata una suerte de apuro lingüístico, por la necesidad de nombrarla con palabras distintas a las que ofrece el diccionario.
Presentación
Authors: Logie Ilse , Geeroms Maarten
Published: February 2022

Presentación del dossier “Nuevas escrituras multilingües latinoamericanas y latinas (2000-2020)”.
Pengaruh Pengetahuan Akuntansi dan Pengalaman Usaha Terhadap Pengembangan Usaha dan Penggunaan Informasi Akuntansi Sebagai Variabel Interventing (Kajian Empiris Pada Pelaku Usaha Kecil dan Menengah di Kelurahan Tanjung Rejo Kecamatan Medan Sunggal)
Authors: Tambunan Formaida
Published: February 2022

This research aims to examine and analyze the influence of accounting knowledge and experience effort towards the development of a mediation effort with the use of accounting information on the perpetrators of the UKM. Research conducted in the village of Tanjung Rejo Medan Sunggal in 2019. This research is quantitative research associate. Population and sample of this research is 40 principals with UKM error rate of 5%. Types and sources of data that dikumulkan is quantitative data and secondary data by analyzing the use test, test the normality assumption linieritas and using path analysis. The conclusions of the results of this study are: 1) influential accounting knowledge against the use of accounting information, whereas business experience has no effect against the use of accounting information accounting knowledge, 2) knowledge of accounting and business experience a positive effect towards enterprise development, and 3) accounting knowledge and business experience have indirect influence through the use of accounting information to the development effor
Pengaruh Kepempinan dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Pengembangan Usaha Berbasis Syariah di Kalangan Washliyin Propinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Burhanuddin .
Published: February 2022

Al Jam'iyatul Washliyah organization abbreviated Al-Washliyah (AW) was established in Medan on November 30, 1930 to coincide with the 9th of Rajab 1349 H. A name of the largest Islamic community organization in North Sumatera Province, and the third largest in Indonesia after NU and Muhammadiyah. Although Al-Washliyah has businesses, it cannot yet be economically independent. This study tries to explain by looking for information on how the influence of leadership and organizational culture on the development of sharia-based enterprises in Washliyin North Sumatera Province. The research method used is qualitative research methods, while the data collection techniques used are field research which includes observation and interviews, as well as literature. The results of this study indicate that on the one hand leadership has a positive effect on the development of sharia-based businesses in Washliyin North Sumatra Province, for example, has been able to make new innovations by establishing Islamic banks PT. BPR Syariah Al-Washliyah that has never existed before. On the other hand there are still weaknesses in leadership, have not been able to enforce regulations according to demands, as a result the efforts have not been fully ordered by the organization and orderly administration. For example, there are businesses that don't work and eventually close, namely the Al-Washliyah hospital / clinic in 2004. Then there has been a shift in the value of organizational culture, the decline of the ulama tradition in Washliyin circles, and the entry of the Al-Washliyah leadership elite from politicians. This also affected the development of sharia-based businesses in Washliyin, North Sumatra Province
A POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT BASED ON PARTICIPATORY APPROACHES: A CASE STUDY IN THE KEDUNG OMBO TOURISM AREA-INDONESIA
Authors:   Sahid University, Department of Management, Faculty of Economics, South Jakarta, Indonesia, ARIYANI Nafiah , FAUZI Akhmad ,   IPB University, Department of Resource and Environmental Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Bogor, Indonesia
Published: February 2022

This research aims to find an alternative policy framework on tourism development Kedung Ombo-Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative approach by applying Multipol analysis method. Collecting data uses a focus group discussion method. The research participants are stakeholders of the area, such as local governments, reservoir managers, forest directors, and society. The result shows that an institutional development policy supported by good governance development programs is the best policy in the integrated scenario. Meanwhile, tourism development policies supported by developing public facilities, tourism convenience, tourism interest, marketing and promotion, and service quality are the best policy in the individual scenario.
Изучение потенциальных механизмов актопротекторной активности 4-гидрокси-3,5-ди-трет-бутилкоричной кислоты на фоне истощающих физических нагрузок
Authors: Воронков Андрей Владиславович , Геращенко Анастасия Дмитриевна
Published: February 2022

Проведено исследование по изучению потенциальных механизмов актопротекторного действия 4-гидрокси-3,5-ди-трет-бутилкоричной кислоты на фоне истощающих физических нагрузок. Эксперимент был выполнен на крысах-самцах линии Wistar, предварительно рандомизированных по времени плавания. В ходе эксперимента было установлено, что введение ATACL способствует повышению концентрации изоформ оксида азота, в частности, eNOS-на 95 % (p < 0,05) и снижению iNOS на 53,3 % (p < 0,05). При этом концентрация eNOS была выше, чем у референтного препарата Метапрот на 76,6 % (p < 0,05). Применение препарата Метапрот не оказало значимого влияния на содержание изоферментов монооксида азота, их концентрация статистически значимо не отличалась от группы крыс негативного контроля. На фоне применения ATACL изменению подвергался также и уровень PPAR. Так, концентрация PPAR была выше на 57,9 % (p < 0,05), в группе, получавшая ATACL, относительно группы негативного контроля. Необходимо также отметить, что на фоне применения ATACL концентрация JNK1 была ниже, относительно группы негативного контроля на 64,3 % (p < 0,05). Применение препарата сравнения Метапрот привело к снижению концентрации JNK1 на 43,9 % (p < 0,05), и заметному повышению PPAR на 139,7 % (p < 0,05), в сравнении с группой крыс НК.
Физико-химические свойства и механизмы действия наночастиц диоксида кремния
Authors: Руденко Павел Анатольевич , Руденко В. Б. , Руденко А. А. , Хохлова О. Н. , Ржевский Д. И. , Казаков В. А. , Паликов В. А. , Позябин С. В. , Дьяченко И. А.
Published: February 2022

В статье описаны физико-химические свойства и механизмы действия диоксида кремния. Вследствие широкого спектра терапевтического действия диоксида кремния (снижение эндогенной интоксикации, нормализация кишечного микробиоценоза, уменьшение системной воспалительной реакции, активация детоксикационной функции) использование аэросила как матрицы при производстве лекарственных средств для лечения и профилактики хирургической инфекции является интересным направлением для научных исследований. Использование сорбционных матриц при моделировании новых препаратов средств для комплексного лечения гнойно-воспалительных процессов мягких тканей, по нашему мнению, является эволюционно обоснованным подходом, что требует дальнейшего изучения с целью определения показаний к широкому применению в хирургической практике.
Современные противорвотные лекарственные средства
Authors: Легеза Владимир Иванович , Драчев Игорь Сергеевич , Селезнев Алексей Борисович , Кондаков Александр Юрьевич
Published: February 2022

Приведена классификация, охарактеризованы основные фармакологические свойства, механизмы действия и показания к применению противорвотных лекарственных средств различных групп: блокаторов мускариновых, гистаминовых, дофаминовых, серотониновых, тахикининовых рецепторов, агонистов каннабиноидных рецепторов, глюкокортикоидов и бензодиазепинов.
From Sharing to Selling
Authors: Maher Mohamed , Khan Imtiaz
Published: February 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, we witnessed how sharing of biological and biomedical data have facilitated the researchers, medical practitioners and policymakers to tackle the pandemic at a global scale. Despite the growing use of EHR by medical practitioners and wearable digital gadgets by individuals, 80% of the health and medical data remain unused, adding little value to the researchers and medical practitioners. Legislative constraints related to health data sharing, centralised siloed design of traditional data management systems and most importantly, lack of incentivisation models are thought to be the underpinning bottlenecks for sharing health data.
With the advent of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the EU and the development of technologies like blockchain and distributed ledger technologies (DLT), it is now possible to create a new paradigm of data sharing by changing the incentivisation model from current authoritative or altruistic form to a shared economic model where financial incentivisation will be the main driver for data sharing. This can be achieved by setting up a digital health data marketplace (DHDM).
Here we reviewed papers that proposed technical models or implemented frameworks that use blockchain-like technologies for health data. We seek to understand and compare different technical challenges associated with implementing and optimising the DHDM operation outlined in these papers. We also examined the legal limitations in the context of European Union and other countries such as the USA to accommodate any compliance requirement for such a marketplace. Last but not least, we reviewed papers that investigated the short, medium and long terms socioeconomic impact of such a marketplace on a wide range of stakeholders.
VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL, JUVENTUDE E AS POLÍTICAS DE EDUCAÇÃO PÚBLICA
Authors: Barreto Gomes Edilair Alcantara , Costa da Mata Nildete
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho tem como finalidade contribuir com o processo de discussão sobre a política de educação pública, enquanto demanda da juventude em vulnerabilidade social, retratando significativos e desafiadores avanços, incertezas e implicações, principalmente no que se refere a política pública. O artigo apresenta conceitos, mobilizações, possibilidade de reflexões, transformações, autores que trabalham nessa área, a crise de referências e seus efeitos na subjetividade dos jovens na contemporaneidade, gerando angústias, bem como o resgate de dados históricos explanados nas leis e documentos oficiais, citando à atual situação do setor educacional e mostrando de uma maneira valorativa a importância do trabalho no espaço escolar, responsável e apropriado para concretizar os processos de desenvolvimento educativo e afetivo da criança e adolescente no âmbito educacional.
CHALLENGING HABERMAS’ PRACTICAL DISCOURSE TO JUSTIFY THE RIGHTS OF ANIMALS
Authors: Nowak Ewa , Ciereszko Kinga , Dłużewicz Alicja , Napiwodzka Karolina
Published: February 2022

The article is about to challenge Habermas’ practical discourse approach and to explore its potentials for the justification of animal rights. Firstly, the classic concepts of agential features are discussed to examine whether animal agents deserve their rights (quasi sui juris in terms of H. Jonas) or they should be unconditionally recognized as continuously present in and endangered by the human and social world (Sections 1, 2, 3). Secondly, the principle of universalization of rights employing practical discourse is revised and extended to create the most favorable communicative-discursive opportunity for advocating for animal rights and catalyzing an agreement upon their validity, to adopt them as a justified 'new social norm', and so to overcome the limitations of practical discourse. Subsequently, Habermas’ view on the rights of animals is discussed (Section 4). The authors try to contribute to the “therapeutic” discourse recommended by Habermas when the matter of practical discourse rises controversies.
Speakers selection for a matched-guise technique in Sardinia:
Authors:   Universitatea Ca' Foscari, Venetia, Mura Piergiorgio
Published: February 2022

his article deals with the selection of speakers for a Matched-Guise Technique to be conducted in Sardinia, with the final aim of studying attitudes towards Sardinian and Italian. Speakers who could validly represent the two main varieties of Sardinian – Campidanese and Logudorese – and the variety of Italian typically spoken in Sardinia were sought after. Following mainly Newman et al. (2008) and Nejjari et al. (2019), twenty candidates produced a reading in Sardinian (either in Campidanese or in Logudorese) and in Italian: the nativeness of their Sardinian voices and the accentedness (or typicalness) of their Italian voices were evaluated by sixty non-linguists with bilingual competence in Sardinian and Italian. Seven candidates out of twenty were perceived as not native or typical enough to be accepted as ‘matched guises’. This demonstrates that the selection of appropriate guises should not lie only on the judgment of researchers, but it should also rely on the perceptions of linguistically naïve evaluators, especially when speakers of minority languages in which literacy is normally not acquired are asked to read aloud a text. Nevertheless, the procedure carried out in this study allowed to identify speakers with the required level of nativeness while speaking Sardinian (Logudorese or Campidanese) and with the required level of typicalness while speaking Italian. Moreover, it has been found that male candidates were perceived as having a more pronounced regional accent than female candidates when speaking Italian; and Logudorese candidates reached higher peak scores than Campidanese candidates, especially when they got judged on the nativeness of their Sardinian voices. Even regardless of the specific outcomes though, the procedure described in this article provides a helpful contribution for the selection of speakers in matched-guise experiments to be conducted in contexts where a national majority language and an unstandardised minority language are involved.
Revisiting the Dutch lexical contribution to Malacca Portuguese creole
Authors:   Universitatea din Bucuresti, Avram Andrei A.
Published: February 2022

The paper looks at the Dutch-derived loanwords attested in Malacca Portuguese Creole. The sources cover a period ranging from the last decades of the 19th century to the present day and it consists mainly of lexicographical works, but also includes folk songs, proverbs and religious texts The loanwords of Dutch origin identified are first listed, with the proposed etyma. This is followed by a discussion of the following topics: other potential etyma and the possibility of multiple etymologies; the proportion of Dutch loanwords in the lexicon of Malacca Portuguese Creole; the phonological adjustment of Dutch loanwords; the syntactic categories to which Dutch loanwords belong; the semantic fields in which Dutch loanwords are found; the semantic changes undergone by some of the Dutch loanwords. Also discussed are some implications of the findings.
Brief history of general languages and language policies in Colonial Brazil
Authors:   Universitatea din Varsovia, Figueira -Cardoso Samuel , da Silva Borges Alexandre ,   Universidade Federal de Pelotas
Published: February 2022

Brazil is a multilingual and multicultural country and was so even before the Europeans arrived in the territory. Over the centuries, contact and conflict between European and African languages with indigenous languages have influenced the variety of Portuguese spoken in the country since the 16th century. In this paper[1], we present an overview of Brazil’s languages, referring to the so-called general languages and the language policies in favor of the Portuguese language in the period. To this end, we resort to the contributions of scholars who investigate the use of language in society or “social history of language” (Burke 2002, Freire 2003); some concepts derived from the field of language policy; notions of heritage and indigenous culture. It is shown that the policies of colonization were harmful to linguistic diversity, as in the case of the Nheengatu language spoken until today in the North of the country, due to the continuous resistance of the speakers of the language.
Demonstrate, Observe, Assist, and Perform versus structured educational video in imparting standard skill in male urinary bladder catheterization
Authors: Balakrishnan Santosh , Paul Lijo , N Rajan Minu , Alias Arthungal Sherin
Published: February 2022

Background: Conventional teaching-learning methods often fail to assure competency in male bladder catheterization (MBC) in the Indian Medical Graduate. Introduction of structured training methods could offer a solution.
Aims and Objectives: The objective of the study was to compare efficiency of demonstrate, observe, assist, and perform (DOAP) method of training in a skill lab against structured educational video (SEV)-based learning in training final MBBS students in the psychomotor skill to safely perform MBC.
Materials and Methods: Following IRB and IEC clearance, final MBBS students fulfilling selection criteria were randomly allocated into two comparable groups. One group underwent skill lab training using DOAP method while the other group underwent training using a SEV by the same instructor. CRRI interns, regularly performing MBC at work by virtue of conventional training, with 6–8 months experience formed a control group. All participants underwent assessment of skill in MBC by skill lab OSCE evaluation, by assessors blinded to the participant’s method of training. Data were recorded and analyzed using standard statistical software. Trial evaluation from the trial groups was obtained using SurveyMonkey tool.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the ability of DOAP group or SEV group to safely perform MBC though a higher level of confidence was expressed with their training by DOAP group. Both trial groups statistically outperformed the control group.
Conclusion: Structured training assures competence. Video-assisted training produces comparable results though DOAP method is preferred by students. A combination of the techniques may facilitate optimal training.
Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as a bridge to recovery in acute aluminium phosphide poisoning: A case report
Authors: Arvind Kumar  , Jai Prakash  , Gaurav Arya  , Yadav Anand Kumar , Dhankar Aman
Published: February 2022

Aluminium phosphide (AlP) is a common fumigant used for controlling rodents and pests in grain storage facilities. Its consumption is reported in accidental or suicidal cases carrying high mortality. In the present case, a young male was reported with ingestion of AlP with severe lactic acidosis and systolic dysfunction. The patient was managed with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. In reserved cases, ECMO can be instituted taking in view of risk and complications.
Study the correlation of iodine nutrition and autoimmunity among Euthyroid goiter patient in a tertiary care hospital in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Pichandi Suresh , Sivakumar J , Janakiraman P , Ramadevi K
Published: February 2022

Background: Iodine is an essential micronutrient for the thyroid hormone synthesis. It is crucial for the growth and development of human life. Deficient or excessive iodine intake may affect thyroid gland size and functions. Despite the intake of iodized salt, the increasing occurrence of thyroid disorders in India.
Aim and Objective: Aim of the present study is to analyse the nutritional status of iodine among Euthyroid goiter patient by measuring urinary excretion and correlate with thyroid hormone and auto antibodies
Materials and Methods: one hundred and fifty Euthyroid goiter patients and one hundred and fifty age-matched normal adult were included in study. Urinary Iodine level and serum TSH, freeT4, freeT3, AMA and ATG were estimated both case and control groups.
Results: The mean urinary iodine excretion concentration (UIC) in Euthyroid goiter patient was 244.39 µg/L and excess urinary iodine excretion was found in 48%.  There were elevated serum AMA levels in Euthyroid goiter patient and that positive correlated with excess iodine.
Conclusion: In this study we found that excess urinary iodine excretion among patients. This study we observed iodine excess associated complications, viz., benign goiter (49%), thyroiditis (24%), cancer of thyroid (21%) and thyrotoxicosis (6%).
A comparative study of psychiatric comorbidity and quality of life between tension-type headache patients and healthy controls
Authors: Jaiswal Arpit , Sharma Ekaansh , Sharma Chinar , Sharma Simran , Utkarsh Kumar , Ali Ramjan
Published: February 2022

Background: Headache is a health disorder that affects a large proportion of the world population, resulting in a huge economic burden. Nearly half the world’s population has a history of current headache disorder. Its prevalence is reported to vary over a wide range from 1.3% to 65% in men and 2.7% to 86% in women. It is responsible for 7.2 million years of life lived with disability. The present study was planned to study the prevalence and clinical impact of psychiatric comorbidity and quality of life among patients with tension-type headache (TTH) in a North Indian population.
Aims and Objectives: To assess the psychiatric comorbidity and quality of life among the patients of Tension type Headache and compare them with healthy controls.
Materials and Methods: Patients presenting with complaints of headache and healthy individuals without complaints of headache were included in the study. A total of 100 patients were studied that were presenting in tertiary care hospital. Patients were subjected to a semi-structured interview, diagnosis made by ICHD-3 for TTH, and psychiatric comorbidity was detected by Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview applied to both patients and controls.
Results: Psychiatric morbidity was diagnosed in 90% of cases and only 9% of controls. Among cases with psychiatric morbidity, generalized anxiety disorder (28%) was the most common, followed by major depressive disorder (MDD) (27%), panic disorder (12%), social phobia (11%), agoraphobia (6%), alcohol dependence (4%), and substance dependence (2%), respectively. On the other hand, among controls, 7% had MDD and 2% had alcohol dependence. Statistically, a significant difference was found between the two groups (P<0.001). The quality of life of TTH patients with psychiatric comorbidity was significantly lower as compared to that of TTH patients without psychiatric morbidity.
Conclusion: The findings of the study showed a much higher prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity among TTH patients as compared to matched healthy controls. The quality of life of TTH patients was highly impaired, presence of psychiatric comorbidity made the quality of life of affected patients even worse.
Alienation and Double Consciousness in Jhumpa Lahiri’s Short Story “When Mr. Pirzada Came to Dine"
Authors: Thapa Dharma
Published: February 2022

Decolonisation and globalisation have given tremendous impetus to the shift and mobility of people from the former colonies and semi colonies to the metropolitan locations. This has brought about big changes in how they live, how they think and what they experience. Designated as diaspora, this kind of living has offered some opportunities and at the same time posed multiple challenges and problems. In this article, an attempt has been made to analyse Jhumpa Lahiri’s short story “When Mr. Pirzada Came to Dine” from the angle of how such diasporic living is problematic and full of tension and the characters’ psyche is drawn towards two conflicting cultural locations- the original and the cosmopolitan. The focus of the analysis is Mr. Pirzada, the central figure of the story. As the representation of this kind duality of living in literature is studied under the rubric known as Post Colonialism, I have used the theoretical views of the post colonial scholars like Arjun Appadhurai, Radhakrishnan Rajgopalan and others as conceptual tools for this purpose.