bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy via Videoconference for Patients With Bulimia Nervosa and Binge-Eating Disorder: Pilot Prospective Single-Arm Feasibility Trial
Authors: Hamatani Sayo , Numata Noriko , Matsumoto Kazuki , Sutoh Chihiro , Ibuki Hanae , Oshiro Keiko , Tanaka Mari , Setsu Rikukage , Kawasaki Yohei , Hirano Yoshiyuki , Shimizu Eiji
Published: October 2019

Background

A major problem in providing mental health services is the lack of access to treatment, especially in remote areas. Thus far, no clinical studies have demonstrated the feasibility of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (ICBT) with real-time therapist support via videoconference for bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder in Japan.

Objective

The goal of the research was to evaluate the feasibility of ICBT via videoconference for patients with bulimia nervosa or binge-eating disorder.

Methods

Seven Japanese subjects (mean age 31.9 [SD 7.9] years) with bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder received 16 weekly sessions of individualized ICBT via videoconference with real-time therapist support. Treatment included CBT tailored specifically to the presenting diagnosis. The primary outcome was a reduction in the Eating Disorder Examination Edition 16.0D (EDE 16D) for bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder: the combined objective binge and purging episodes, objective binge episodes, and purging episodes. The secondary outcomes were the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire, Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh, body mass index for eating symptoms, Motivational Ruler for motivation to change, EuroQol-5 Dimension for quality of life, 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire for depression, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale for anxiety, and Working Alliance Inventory–Short Form (WAI-SF). All outcomes were assessed at week 1 (baseline) and weeks 8 (midintervention) and 16 (postintervention) during therapy. Patients were asked about adverse events at each session. For the primary analysis, treatment-related changes were assessed by comparing participant scores and 95% confidence intervals using the paired t test.

Results

Although the mean combined objective binge and purging episodes improved from 47.60 to 13.60 (71% reduction) and showed a medium effect size (Cohen d=–0.76), there was no significant reduction in the combined episodes (EDE 16D –41; 95% CI –2.089 to 0.576; P=.17). There were no significant treatment-related changes in secondary outcomes. The WAI-SF scores remained consistently high (64.8 to 66.0) during treatment.

Conclusions

ICBT via videoconference is feasible in Japanese patients with bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder.

Trial Registration

UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000029426; https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000033419
“We Must Be Ready”
Authors: Tran Emily Y.
Published: October 2019

On 29 August 1949, the Soviet Union conducted its first successful detonation of a nuclear weapon, ending the American monopoly on atomic technology and introducing the threat of imminent nuclear annihilation to the American homeland. This essay explores the effect of Cold War atomic culture on the school lives of elementary-aged American children during the early 1950s. In examining this cohort schoolchildren, this study emphasizes the potency of the nuclear beliefs, fears, and concerns that led legislators, educators, and activists to forcefully push for even the youngest of children to meaningfully learn about the atomic threat. I focus on curricular guidelines produced by the Federal Civil Defense Administration and the states of North Carolina and Michigan, as well as the landmark film Duck and Cover. These teaching resources shared four major themes: they attempted to conventionalize the new atomic threat; urged children to obey authority figures; emphasized the importance of self-reliance for survival; and characterized nuclear attack as unavoidable. Ultimately, this research demonstrates that what was taught to schoolchildren about nuclear weapons in this period was indicative of the nuclear attitudes and beliefs of their educators, parents, and communities. Thus, in seeking to understand school curricula it is necessary to understand the broader historical context from which the curricula emerged; similarly, school curricula can reveal the major issues and concerns of society that were deemed so important as to permeate the lives of the youngest of children.
De los acarreadores de oxígeno (HbCO) a los polimerosomas. Una mirada a las células artificiales
Authors: Noguez-Méndez Norma Angélica , Quirino-Barreda Carlos Tomás , Macín-Cabrera Susana Aurora , Melo-Ruíz Virginia Eustolia , Rubio-Martínez Alejandro
Published: October 2019

RESUMEN: Los sustitutos de sangre artificial poseen varias ventajas sobre las transfusiones donde participan donadores, por lo que se ha desarrollado sangre artificial tomando en consideración la función principal de la sangre, que es el transporte de oxígeno a los tejidos por medio de los eritrocitos. Se han sugerido dos estrategias para el desarrollo de acarreadores de oxígeno: el enfoque biomimético con Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOC por sus siglas en inglés) y el enfoque abiótico. El primer enfoque imita la naturaleza en la forma de transportar el oxígeno a los tejidos, mientras que el segundo utiliza productos químicos sintéticos para lograr el mismo resultado. Así, el origen de las células artificiales está relacionado con los acarreadores de oxígeno en la forma de polihemoglobinas y hemoglobinas conjugadas y aunque una célula completamente artificial equiparable al glóbulo rojo es todavía un sueño, el desarrollo de membranas lipídicas, poliméricas biodegradables y nanopartículas, son un paso hacia esa posibilidad.
Biosíntesis de nanomateriales: hacia el avance de la nanotecnología verde
Authors: Sifontes Ángela B.
Published: October 2019

RESUMEN: La creciente necesidad de desarrollar tecnologías ambientalmente amigables para las síntesis de nanomateriales ha dado lugar a un beneficioso proceso en las áreas de investigación y desarrollo: la nanotecnología verde. Un nuevo enfoque para la fabricación de estos productos, con viabilidad comercial sostenible, plantea nuevas rutas en su preparación, donde se establezca una conexión entre la biotecnología y la nanotecnología. El presente documento discute algunos de los últimos avances en la biosíntesis de nanomateriales, destacando aspectos relevantes en las metodologías de preparación de óxidos metálicos.
Derecho al trabajo, automatización laboral y derechos de afectación por el uso de tecnología
Authors: Aguilera Durán Jesús
Published: October 2019

El uso de la tecnología trae aparejada la utilización de robots y la inteligencia artificial en diversos ámbitos de la producción de bienes y la prestación de servicios, lo que va generalizando la automatización laboral y el desvanecimiento de los derechos laborales de las personas, por lo que se hace necesario un replanteamiento de las expectativas profesionales y legales para el futuro. Se tienen como objetivos los siguientes: abordar la realidad y normativa del derecho al trabajo que está dirigida a regir las relaciones laborales sólo entre personas; exponer algunos datos sobre la automatización laboral y el replanteamiento que se debe hacer para enfrentar la construcción de una nueva forma de educar para un futuro no lejano; abordar la interacción del ser humano, particularmente la del trabajador, con la tecnología, y, de forma general, de ésta con las personas. Asimismo, reflexionar sobre cuándo las personas resientan alguna afectación en sus derechos por el uso de tecnología sin que la legislación contemple disposiciones para protegerlos y garantizarlos. Para alcanzar estos objetivos se plantea un relevamiento de información en fuentes bibliográficas y digitales que permitan reforzar la postura del autor sobre el contexto actual y futuro del derecho al trabajo, la diseminación de la automatización laboral y, como corolario, lo que se considera de más trascendencia: la visualización de los derechos de afectación por el uso de tecnología como derechos humanos.
Los principios de igualdad y universalidad. Excepciones de aplicación a los extranjeros en situación administrativa regular en España: el caso de la prestación por hijo o menor a cargo
Authors: Escribá Pérez Ana Nieves
Published: October 2019

Los principios de igualdad y universalidad son básicos en aplicación si lo que se pretende es la consecución de un sistema social sustentado en el Estado social y democrático de derecho. Estos principios básicos son los que deben primar ante todos los individuos que conforman una sociedad, y si bien es cierto que es lo que debemos perseguir y conseguir, existen casos particulares sobre determinadas prestaciones que se convierten en una excepción a la regla, como es el caso de la prestación por hijo o menor a cargo que detalla una serie de connotaciones que, sin pretenderlo en su base, termina siendo no igualitario ni universal para todos los individuos.
ETNOBOTÂNICA E ESTRUTURA POPULACIONAL DA MANGABEIRA (Hancornia speciosa Gomes) EM ASSENTAMENTO AGROEXTRATIVISTA, PIRAMBU, SERGIPE, BRASIL
Authors: Moreira Lima Thaiane Natalle , Oliveira Moura Débora Moreira de , Gomes Laura Jane , Mello Anabel Aparecida de , Ferreira Robério Anastácio
Published: October 2019

No Estado de Sergipe, o único Projeto de Assentamento de Reforma Agrária da modalidade Agroextrativista – o PAE São Sebastião – localiza-se no município de Pirambu, o qual foi criado com foco na geração de renda, decorrente do extrativismo e venda dos frutos da mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes), da família Apocynaceae. O presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de investigar os moradores do PAE São Sebastião quanto ao conhecimento e às formas de manejo da espécie, bem como a estrutura populacional nos lotes produtivos. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e ferramentas do Diagnóstico Rápido Participativo (DRP) com 31 moradores do assentamento. A estrutura populacional foi avaliada por estágio de desenvolvimento e por classe de diâmetro, utilizando censo quali-quantitativo. Apesar dos moradores demonstrarem conhecimento sobre a espécie, observou-se a necessidade de desenvolvimento de padronização dos métodos de coleta e manejo ao contrário do que é feito atualmente, que não resulte na quebra de galhos e derrubada de flores. Foram registrados 1.154 indivíduos de mangabeira, resultando em uma densidade de 14,5 indivíduos por hectare. Aparentemente, a população de H. speciosa no PAE São Sebastião não está em crescimento, pois apresenta predominância de indivíduos distribuídos nas classes de diâmetro intermediárias, o que pode comprometer a continuidade da atividade extrativista dos frutos da referida espécie no PAE. 
A imagem da capa
Authors: Abreu Leonardo Marques
Published: October 2019

Texto da capa Dossiê SEANIMA 2018
Construindo a paz: a engenharia do exército como elemento de smart power do Brasil na MINUSTAH
Authors: Barros Felipe Araújo , Costa Renata Alves da , Ferreira Rodrigo Tavares
Published: October 2019

Este artigo aborda a maneira pela qual o trabalho realizado pela Companhia de Engenharia de Forças de Paz (BRAENGCOY) brasileira resultou na geração do soft power necessário para que a atuação das tropas de paz brasileiras da MINUSTAH se convertesse em smart power. O estudo apresenta uma caracterização do poder militar do Brasil presente na missão, representado pelas forças de segurança e estabilização, e a forma pela qual a sua atuação contribuiu para demonstrar o hard power brasileiro para o mundo. Em seguida, analisa o trabalho realizado pela BRAENGCOY, com um enfoque naqueles que tiveram um impacto direto na população haitiana, o que fez com que ela ultrapassasse o seu papel tradicional de elemento multiplicador do poder de combate para se tornar também em gerador de poder de atração, característica do soft power. Por fim, foi realizada uma análise das características dos trabalhos realizados que favoreceram a geração do soft power, de forma a permitir a observação das vantagens do emprego de tropas de engenharia nas operações de paz para a obtenção do efeito sinérgico do smart power pela combinação de hard e soft power.
Controle civil e os limites da política de defesa da Argentina (1983-2001)
Authors: Pereira Matheus De Oliveira
Published: October 2019

O artigo apresenta uma análise do processo de retomada da autoridade civil sobre os assuntos de defesa na Argentina, ao longo dos três primeiros governos após a transição do regime autoritário. Trata-se de um período marcado pela cristalização de um padrão de relações civil-militares cujo esteio é a subordinação dos militares ao poder civil. Argumenta-se que a construção desta subordinação foi o principal objetivo dos governos constitucionais, que prescindiram de uma atuação propositiva sobre os assuntos de Defesa para além do controle sobre os militares. A análise aqui apresentada parte de fontes documentais e hemerográficas, articuladas à literatura especializada sobre o tema.
UTILIZATION OF INTERNET-BASED LEARNING MEDIA IN ENHANCING SCIENCE LITERACY CAPABILITIES OF PGSD STUDENTS
Authors: Samsudin Asep , Kelana Jajang Bayu , Muftianti Agni
Published: October 2019

This study was to determine the effect of the use of internet-based learning media in improving the scientific literacy skills of PGSD students. The method used in this study was pre-experimental with the research design of one group pretest-posttest. The population in this study were all IKIP Siliwangi PGSD students in the fourth semester of regular classes and non-regular classes with a total of 300 students. The sample in the study was regular class students with 38 students. The instruments used included tests, validation sheets and observation sheets. Research results show that the sig value. (2-tailed) 0,000 <0,05, it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. Thus there is a difference in the average scientific literacy ability between pretest and posttest and it can be concluded that the use of internet-based learning media can improve students' scientific literacy skills. Student observation data shows that learning using internet-based learning media can increase student activity with the percentage of 53.75% of active students and 46.25% of fasive students in learning.
Feasibility study of microscale laser shock processing without absorbing coating to improve high-cycle fatigue performance of DZ17G directionally solidified superalloy
Authors: Nie Xiangfan , Li Yinghong , Tu Shandong , Zhang Xiancheng , Luo Sihai , Li Yuqin , Yang Zhufang , He Weifeng
Published: October 2019

A kind of turbine blade in an aero-engine, made of DZ17G directionally solidified superalloys, often fractured at the tenon tooth root. Microscale laser shock processing (LSP) without absorbing coating (microscale LSPwC) under water was suggested to improve its high-cycle fatigue performance. In this paper, a DZ17G superalloy simulated-blade was designed and treated by microscale LSPwC with different impacts. Surface microhardness was improved from 410 to 502 HV with a 70 μm thick hardened layer post one LSP impact, and increasing LSP impact could improve the depth of hardened layer effectively. There was no new phase formed and grain refinement, only with high-density dislocations generated. The density of dislocations on section decreased sharply with depth. The fatigue limit of DZ17G superalloy simulated-blade was improved from 253.14 to 301.14 MPa, and there was still a fatigue strength improvement of 9.0% after insulation treatment under 800 °C for 2 h.
E quando as crianças com cinco anos chegam a escola?
Authors: Chisté Bianca Santos , Oliveira Elaine Gracia de
Published: October 2019

Este estudo tem como intenção apresentar o resultado de uma pesquisa desenvolvida de 2015 a 2016, na qual se investigou como acontece a inserção das crianças com 05 anos de idade no ensino fundamental. A investigação realizada em uma escola pública do município de Rolim de Moura caracterizou-se como um estudo de caso e teve como instrumentos de produção de dados a análise documental, a observação em sala de aula, e as entrevistas realizadas com duas professoras do Ciclo Básico de Alfabetização. Fundamentadas em Leite (2011), Kohan (2007), Kramer (2006), Barbosa (2006) entre outros, procuramos discutir neste artigo, sobre a infância e suas singularidades, a partir das implicações da inserção das crianças pequenas no ensino fundamental. As discussões indicam a necessidade de pensarmos a educação da criança, a partir do lugar da infância e da própria criança. Palavras-chave: Legislação. Infância. Criança. Escola.
Jogos de linguagem e ensino de matemática: uma análise de sua utilização na Educação Infantil
Authors: Fredrich Luciane Santorum , Lara Isabel Cristina Machado de
Published: October 2019

Este artigo faz parte de uma pesquisa desenvolvida em um curso de Mestrado em Educação em Ciências e Matemática. Tem como objetivo analisar a utilização de jogos de linguagem utilizados no ensino da Matemática na Educação Infantil. Para tanto, apoia-se teoricamente em conceitos essenciais dos estudos de Wittgenstein (2014), Condé (1998), Gottschalk (2004; 2007), Bello (2017), Bannel (2013), D’Ambrosio (2001), Lara (2001), entre outros. Metodologicamente, realiza uma Análise Textual Discursiva de questionários aplicados a 15 professoras que lecionam em uma escola municipal de Educação Infantil da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, RS, e observações feitas em algumas de suas aulas. Ao retratar a abordagem Matemática, as linguagens Matemáticas acessíveis às crianças e a linguagem utilizada durante as aulas, verifica que a linguagem que vem sendo utilizada pelos professores que ensinam Matemática na Educação Infantil é a linguagem utilizada no cotidiano escolar, muitas vezes em momentos específicos da rotina, como por exemplo, nas rodas de conversa. Mostra que a formação dos professores que ensinam Matemática na Educação Infantil não aborda os conceitos matemáticos com profundidade. Além disso, conclui que o brincar, as brincadeiras e os jogos, nessa fase do desenvolvimento infantil, são as estratégias mais utilizadas pelas docentes para o ensino da Matemática. Ressalta a importância de que o professor deve estar atento ao utilizar jogos de linguagem que julgue serem adequados para a Educação Infantil, pois, em alguns casos, pode estar se apropriando de termos incorretos ou constituindo uma ideia infantilizada que poderá ser considerada frágil nos anos seguintes. Palavras-chave: Educação Infantil. Jogos de linguagem. Matemática.
The Construction of A Family Communication Relationship in the Digital Era in Order to Create A Happy, Loving and Supportive (Sakinah, Mawaddah, Warohmah) Family
Authors: Asmaya Enung
Published: October 2019

Family communication relationship is an important component to achieve ideal Islamic family goals as a sakinah, mawaddah, warohmah (samara) or a happy, loving and supportive family in this digital era. Since the relation within the family has a huge effect to shape those family goals; without a relevant communication, especially in this digital era, the relation can be disruptive and the family goals can be utterly unattainable.  Therefore, that issue became the main reason why this subject was crucial to be investigated and reviewed. Critics-constructive analysis towards several books and journals was conducted in order to construct a family communication relationship to be suitable with the family goals in this emergence of turbulence digital era. In the end, the results of this study showed that the construction of equal – and polite – relationship, with the consensual-traditional type of relationship was accepted.
As faces históricas do trabalho: como se constroem as categorias
Authors: Franco Maria A. Ciavatta , Frigotto Gaudêncio
Published: October 2019

Sintetiza algumas das dimensões discutidas na pesquisa sobre trabalho-educação "Fontes alternativas de história da educação no Brasil". Partindo da perspectiva de que os conceitos e as categorias para serem compreendidos implica entendê-los como produtos historicamente construídos, analisa, no interior das relações sociais capitalistas, a questão da escola do trabalho e da centralidade do trabalho.

Abstract

This article is a synthesis of some of the dimensions discussed in the research "Work-Education: alternative Sources of the history of education in Brazil". Starting from a perspective that concepts and categories need to be understood as historically constructed products, the article examines, within the capitalist social relations, the question of the school of work and the centrality of labour.

Résumé

Ce texte sintetize quelques dimensions qu 'ont été discutées dans Ia recherche sur là relation travail-éducation: "Sources alternatives de l 'histoire de l 'éducation au Brésil. A partir de là perspective que considere que pour bien comprendre le concepts et categories il faut les comprendre comme produits qu 'ont été construits historiquement, l 'article analyse, dans l 'interieur des relations Sociales capitalistes, là question de l 'école du travail et de là place central du travail.

Resumen

Este texto sintetiza algunas de Ias dimensiones discutidas en là investigación "Educación y Trabajo: fuentes alternativas de historia de Ia educación en Brasil". Partiendo de là perspectiva de que comprender los conceptos y Ias categorias implica entenderlos como productos historicamente construídos, el artículo analiza, en el interior de las relaciones Sociales capitalistas, Ia cuestión de là escuela del trabajo y de là centralidad del trabajo.
Health and environmental attitudes and values in food choices: a comparative study for Poland and Czech Republic
Authors: Jakubowska Dominika , Radzymińska Monika
Published: October 2019

Research background: Health and environmental concerns linked to food production and consumption have become crucial both for policy makers and for consumers for modern society. Some consumers are becoming increasingly careful about what they eat, giving value to the impacts of everyday food choices on their health and on the environment. There have been few studies that have jointly analyzed these consumption patterns and that have looked for their association.
Purpose of the article: The objective of the study is to develop a Polish (PL) and Czech (Cz) young-adult consumers? segmentation based on health and environ-mental attitudes and values in food choices. The research is needed to diagnose consumption trends in this segment of the market to enable creating a market offer tailored to this group of consumers.
Methods: A total of 631 students from two Universities ? one in Poland (University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn (323)) and on in the Czech Republic (University of South Bohemia (308)) were selected to participate in the research. The sample of students was chosen because of the importance of young-adult consumers as the participants of the market with a specified purchasing potential. The data were collected through a survey questionnaire, in which a Likert type scale was used to determine the health and environmental attitudes and values in food choices. The results obtained were analyzed statistically using Statistica 13.1 using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with Varimax rotation, cluster analysis using the k-means method and ANOVA.
Findings & Value added: The survey demonstrated that the students presented both health and environmental attitudes, and that their food choices were driven to a lesser extent by the environmental than by the health-related values. Results demonstrated that the two distinguished factors significantly differentiated both the Polish and the Czech students into two clusters, with the first cluster being represented by consumers presenting stronger health and environmental attitudes (PL N=58%, Cz N=48%) compared to the students from the second cluster. It adds value to recent young consumers? behavior knowledge by jointly analyzing their attitudes toward health and environmental values in food choices. These findings may be useful in developing effective educational and marketing campaigns and understanding the demand for certain products.
Diagnostics of systemic risk impact on the enterprise capacity for financial risk neutralization: the case of Ukrainian metallurgical enterprises
Authors: Kolupaieva Irina , Pustovhar Svitlana , Suprun Oleg , Shevchenko Olena
Published: October 2019

Research background: A significant share of Ukrainian enterprises in modern conditions is accompanied by unprofitability of their activity. On the back of Ukrainian enterprises unprofitability, there is a problem of methodical provision of financial risk management, which lies in the fact that a major part of scientistific works in this area focus on the study of internal factors and indicators of financial risk. At the same time, the system risk is levelled out.
Purpose of the article: The aim of the study is the improvement of enterprises? financial risk management tools based on the assessment of the company's ability to neutralize financial risk taking into account system risk effects.
Methods: The methodological apparatus includes: The "weight center" method; expert appraisal method; multidimensional factor analysis method; neural network apparatus.
Findings & Value added: As a result of the study, an approach to assessing the impact of system risk on the ability of an enterprise to neutralize financial risk is developed. The expert evaluation method is based on an integrated model that allows for estimation of the ability of metallurgical enterprises to neutralize financial risks. The system risk factors, namely the factor of commodity markets state, the political and demographic, fiscal, monetary factors as well as the factor of the external balance financial estimates, were determined. By constructing a neural network, elasticity of enterprises' ability to neutralize financial risk in relation to systemic risk factors was calculated. The proposed approach allows for conducting preventive financial risk diagnostics on the basis of assessing the current financial status and the ability to neutralize financial risk in an open economic system ? taking into account the system risk impact.
Reputation stability vs anti-crisis sustainability: under what circumstances will innovations, media activities and CSR be in higher demand?
Authors: Derevianko Olena
Published: October 2019

Research background: The difference of war and peace can help gain an under-standing of the differences in the management of a company's reputation in terms of its stability as compared to the state of a reputation crisis. The question of practical confirmation, which is left open, is whether there is a positive correlation between the anti-crisis activity of the reputation management system and its stability in a long-term perspective, or whether these two factors are inversely related.
Purpose of the article: This research is essentially aimed at studying the impact of innovation activity, media activity, and corporate social responsibility on reputational stability as well as on anti-crisis reputational sustainability.
Methods: Indicators of innovation activity, media activity, corporate social responsibility, reputational stability, and anti-crisis reputational sustainability were collected in a sample of the most frequently mentioned in the media leading companies of the Ukrainian economy (N = 315), using an online survey done among 110 industry experts within the framework of the Reputation ACTIVists All-Ukrainian Ranking of Corporate Reputation Management Quality over February-March'2019 period. Structural equation modeling (SEM) in using the maximum likelihood estimation method was applied to examine the associations between above-mentioned indicators, according to the aim of the study.
Findings & Value added: The results of our study revealed: 1) the existence of a significant correlation between CSR and reputational stability; 2) innovative and media activity are the most significant variables to provide anti-crisis sustainability; 3) CSR is less important for ensuring anti-crisis sustainability than for maintaining reputational stability; 4) anti-crisis sustainability is significantly more dependent on media activity than reputational stability is. By better understanding the roles of innovation activity, media activity,  and corporate social responsibility, the company?s management in Ukraine can leverage the results of the study to improve reputation management performance, differentiating approaches in circumstances of a crisis and stability.
Culture of organization in conditions of changes as an ability of efficient transformations: the case of gas transportation companies in Ukraine
Authors: Polyanska Alla , Zapukhliak Ivanna , Diuk Oksana
Published: October 2019

Research background: The relevance of the research on corporate culture in the conditions of changes is substantiated and its elements, which are important for effective transformations, are defined. The influence of corporate culture on the company performance and its elements is identified. The article deals with hierarchical levels of corporate culture which identify elements of corporate culture and "hidden" factors that allow establishing relationships with the outside world and promote productive work.
Purpose of the article: The objective of the article is to identify the elements of the organizational culture at the enterprise level, which influence the effectiveness of its activities under the changes and generalization of its components that determine its ability to transform the existing state in accordance with the established world experience and practice. The research is based on the experience of gas transportation companies in Ukraine.
Methods: The McKinsey 7S model was used to describe the enterprise to assess the state of the proposed levels of formation and to change its corporate culture. The McKinsey 7S Framework used in this study as analytical tool to explore a system of interrelated elements which improve the organization's work, raising the level of employee culture and generating common values. The expert method was used to assess the qualitative indices of enterprise internal environment, including "style/culture" and "common values", based on the questionnaire of the experts' group. The survey was conducted at three levels of management for the gas transportation companies, located in different regions of Ukraine. The three levels of management for the mentioned above enterprises ? top, middle and low managers were taken into account. The use of the fuzzy logic method makes it possible to investigate the influence of the corporate culture elements on the results of the enterprises and to identify those elements which are important for the implementation of changes at the enterprise and without which it is impossible to achieve effective transformations.
Findings & Value added: Taking into account the results of the assessment of corporate culture elements at the investigated companies, the directions of corporate culture development for enterprises that are in a state of changes are pointed out, namely: use of different management styles; support of employees in making innovative decisions; development of cooperation and elimination of conflicts between workers; formation of general corporate values; creating trust between employees and top managers; promoting the development of young workers; use of the mechanisms of education and maintenance of a high level of morality and culture of workers.
Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Broiler Chickens
Authors: Sciberras M. , Pipová M. , Regecová I. , Jevinová P. , Demjanová S.
Published: October 2019

The purpose of this study was to detect the antibiotic resistance of forty-one Escherichia coli isolates from the intestinal contents of slaughtered broiler chickens using the disk diffusion method according to Kirby-Bauer. Mueller-Hinton agar plates were inoculated with 0.1 ml overnight broth cultures of individual E. coli isolates and the disks with the following concentrations of antibiotics were applied onto them: ampicillin (10 μg), cefotaxime (30 μg), gentamicin (10 μg), streptomycin (10 μg), azithromycin (15 μg), tetracycline (30 μg), ciprofloxacin (30 μg) and levofloxacin (3 μg). After the incubation at 37 °C for 16—18 hours, the inhibition zones were measured and interpreted in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) zone diameter breakpoints. Almost all E. coli isolates showed resistance to tetracycline (92.68 %), most of them were resistant to gentamicin (75.61 %) and levofloxacine (70.73 %). Phenotypic resistance to tetracycline was further confirmed with the help of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) procedure focused on the presence of specific tet(A) and tet(B) genes. These genes were detected in all 41 E. coli isolates. On the contrary, E. coli isolates were highly susceptible to both azithromycin and streptomycin. In conclusion, the study highlighted the role of commensal E. coli bacteria isolated from the intestines of broiler chickens as an important reservoir of tetracycline resistance genes.
Appraisal of the Antioxidative Potential of Aloe Barbadensis M. on Alcohol-Induced Oxidative Stress
Authors: Akinloye D. I. , Ugbaja R. N. , Dosumu O. A.
Published: October 2019

This investigation estimated the anti-oxidative potential of Aloe barbadensis gel extracts in rats against alcohol-induced oxidative stress. Thirty male albino rats (5 each per group) were included in the experiments. Group A (positive control) and B (negative control) were administered 4 mg.kg–1 body weight distilled water and 50 % alcohol respectively for 21 days. Groups C and D were administered 50 % alcohol for the first 14 days followed by co-administration of 125 mg and 250 mg.kg−1 body weight extract with alcohol respectively for the last 7 days. Groups E and F were administered distilled water for the first 14 days followed by co-administration of 125 and 250 mg.kg−1 body weight Aloe barbadensis gel extracts with distilled water respectively for the last 7 days. The administration of alcohol resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in the specific activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, while cholesterol (CHO), triglycerides (TAG), nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were significantly increased when compared to the controls. Co-mobilization with Aloe barbadensis gel extracts for 7 days significantly reversed the deleterious effects of alcohol in the treated groups when compared to the alcohol group. This study indicated that Aloe barbadensis probably possesses anti-oxidative effects against alcohol–induced oxidative stress in rats.
The Distribution of Collagen and Elastic Fibres in the Lactating Bovine Mammary Gland
Authors: Marettová E. , Maretta M.
Published: October 2019

Collagen and elastic fibres are generally present in organs whose normal function requires great resistance and elasticity. The aim of this study was to localize the collagen and elastic fibres in the stroma of the bovine lactating mammary gland and to determine their role in the process of milk ejection. For this purpose, the histochemical staining for collagen and the immunohistochemical method for the detection of elastin were used. The accumulation of scattered collagen fibres was observed between and inside the lobules where they formed distinct septa. Between secretory alveoli, the collagen fibres were found to be concentrated into two incomplete layers surrounding the blood capillaries. Bundles of elastic fibres in high density were located in the interlobular spaces. A dense network of elastic fibres was located between adjacent alveoli. Elastic membranes were located beneath the secretory epithelium. The high concentration of the collagen and elastic fibres indicated, that both types of fibres play a significant role in the resistance during the secretory stage and in the recoil of the mammary gland after milk ejection.
The Impact of Mastitis on Reproductive Parameters of Dairy Cows
Authors: Zigo F. , Adamová A. , Vasiľ M. , Elečko J. , Ondrašovičová S. , Zigová M. , Kudělková L.
Published: October 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of mastitis and its impact on the reproductive parameters in a herd of 180 dairy cows. Based on the herd records 127 cows of Slovak spotted cattle and their crosses with red Holstein were selected for study between 1—2 months after calving. The examination of the health status of the mammary glands consisted of: the clinical examination of the udder, the California mastitis test (CMT) supplemented by the collection of mixed milk samples, and the laboratory examination of bacterial pathogens causing the mastitis. In addition to the mam­mary investigation, reproduction indicators such as the length of the insemination interval, the service period, the intercalving period and the insemination index were also analyzed. The results of this study indicated: a high incidence of mastitis (41.6 %), especially latent (21.2 %), subclinical (15.7 %) and clinical (4.7 %) forms were most common in the herd. The most frequently isolated bacteria from the infected milk samples were: coagulase negative staphylococci (54.1 %), S. aureus (16.9 %), Streptococcus spp. (15.0 %), A. viridans (7.5 %) and Ent. faecalis (6.4 %). According to the available literature, the optimum values of the intercalving period were 365—400 days, the insemination interval 55—80 days, the insemination index 1.2—2 and the service period 60—110 days. In comparison, our results showed increased, unsatisfactory reproductive values in the group of dairy cows with clinical mastitis. While in healthy cows as well as in groups of cows with latent and subclinical mastitis, all of the reproductive indicators were within the optimal levels.
Llandovery microfossils and microfacies of the Hýskov section, Prague Basin
Authors: Tonarová Petra , Vodrážková Stanislava , Hints Olle , Männik Peep , Kubajko Michal , Frýda Jiří
Published: October 2019

The lower Silurian strata of the Prague Basin, as well as in many other regions, are primarily represented by black shales, with limited to no record of benthic life. In this paper, we describe an exceptional late Aeronian volcanic-carbonate succession from the Hýskov locality near Beroun, which contains a diverse and well-preserved fossil assemblage and specific microfacies features. The studied section is mostly represented by well-washed, poorly sorted skeletal grainstones, rudstones and floatstones along with volcaniclastic material. The environment is interpreted as agitated, above storm wave base, and with rapid sedimentation and burial. The collection of acid-resistant microfossils includes abundant scolecodonts, conodonts and chitinozoans, of which only the chitinozoans have previously been studied. The scolecodonts recovered represent at least 14 polychaete genera and 20 species. The fauna bears a great similarity to the early Silurian assemblages previously reported from Baltica, and some environmentally sensitive species allow constraining the assemblage to shallow-shelf settings. The recovered conodonts similarly show close affinities to Baltic faunas, and suggest a Rhuddanian – Aeronian age for the studied section. The chitinozoan assemblage, containing at least eight species, is dominated by Conochitina, and most likely belongs to the C. alargada Biozone.
Rhynchonelliform brachiopods and trilobites of the ‘upper dark interval’ in the koněprusy area (Devonian, Eifelian, Kačák Event; the Czech Republic)
Authors: Mergl Michal , Budil Petr
Published: October 2019

The dark pelbiodetrital limestone beds of the ‘upper dark interval’ in the Koněprusy area, Central Bohemia, the Czech Republic, the assumed manifestation of the Kačák Event in this area, yielded a moderately diverse faunule of rhynchonelliform brachiopods and trilobites. In total, 15 species have been recognized (13 brachiopods and 2 trilobites), but the majority of them are only tentatively determined to generic level due to fragmentation, rarity or poor preservation. Brachiopod genera Leptaenopyxis, Protodouvillina, Douvillinella, Holynetes, Poloniproductus, Iridistrophia, Mystrophora, Pentamerella, Quasidavidsonia, Carinatina, Mimatrypa, Leptathyris, Eoreticularia and a single trilobite Astycoryphe were determined. The mode of preservation indicates transport of skeletal bioclasts from shallower parts of the basin and their fragmentation in debris flows together with fragments of terrestrial plants, crinoid detritus and numerous pelagic fossils, especially the dacryoconarid Nowakia ex gr. otomari. Associated conodonts (as well as trilobites) indicate a late Eifelian age for the fauna (Polygnathus ensensis Zone).
The bivalve Cuneamya from the Late Ordovician of Bohemia
Authors: Polechová Marika
Published: October 2019

The bivalve species Cuneamya catilloides from the Late Ordovician of Bohemia, previously assigned to the genus Grammysia, is revised. Cuneamya catilloides is an important element of the Modiolopsis Community Group in the Letná Formation. The genus Grammysia very probably does not occur in the Ordovician of Bohemia and is restricted to the Silurian and Devonian strata. Cuneamya catilloides with strong commarginal costae was probably an infaunal filter feeder. Cuneamya is a cosmopolitan genus, occurring on Avalonia, Baltica, Laurentia, Perunica and West Gondwana.
Thickness and tensile stress determination of black silicon layers by spectral reflectance and Raman scattering
Authors: Králik Martin , Jurečka Stanislav , Pinčík Emil
Published: October 2019

In this work black silicon (b-Si) samples were prepared by anodic (electrochemical) etching of p-type silicon substrate in solution of hydrofluoric acid (HF). We studied influence of anodic etching conditions (etching time, electrical potential and current) on the spectral reflectance and Raman scattering spectra. Optical properties of b-Si structures were experimentally studied by UV-VIS (AvaSpec-2048) and Raman (Thermo DXR Raman) spectrometers. B-Si layer thickness of formed substrate were determined by using SCOUT software. Effective medium approximation theory (Looyenga) was used in construction of the reflectance model. Influence of the deformation of crystal lattice introduced during the substrate etching was studied by Raman scattering method. Teoretical model of the 1st order Raman scattering profile was constructed by using pseudo-Voigt function and the profile parameters were extracted. The values of biaxial tensile stress were estimated by using optimized Raman profile parameters.
Meyer-Neldel rule in the conductivity of phase separated manganites
Authors: Przybytek Jacek , Markovich Vladimir , Jung Grzegorz
Published: October 2019

Meyer-Neldel behaviour of the conductivity of phase separated La1−xCaxMnO3 manganite system in the low Ca-doping range has been investigated. Evolution of the isokinetic temperature of the conductivity, modified by Ca-doping, hydrostatic pressure and current bias has been determined. In addition, the evolution of the isokinetic temperature with ageing has also been studied. It is found that the Meyer-Neldel behaviour of the manganite system stems from multi-excitation entropy mechanism. The isokinetic temperatures estimated from pressure and doping effects coincide but differ from those determined using current and ageing controlled conductivity changes. It is concluded that in the presence of a detailed theoretical model of the excitations coupling in manganites, the investigations of the Meyer-Neldel effect may became a powerful tool for characterization and investigation of transport mechanisms in phase separated manganites.
Superconducting properties of very high quality NbN thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition
Authors: Volkov Serhii , Gregor Maros , Roch Tomas , Satrapinskyy Leonid , Grančič Branislav , Fiantok Tomas , Plecenik Andrej
Published: October 2019

In this work, we study the effect of the various substrates on the growth and superconducting properties of NbN thin films grown by using pulsed laser ablation in a N2 + 1%H2 atmosphere on MgO, Al2O3 and Si substrates. Structural and superconducting analyses of the films demonstrate that using MgO and Al2O3 substrates can significantly improve the film properties compared to Si substrate. The X-ray diffraction data indicate that MgO and Al2O3 substrates produce highly oriented superconducting NbN films with large coherent domain size in the out-of plane direction on the order of layer thickness and with a superconducting transition temperature of 13.1 K and 15.2 K, respectively. On the other hand, the NbN film grown on the Si substrate exhibits random polycrystalline orientation. Together with the smallest coherent domain size it leads to the lower critical temperature of 8.3 K. Finally, by using a passivation surface layer we are able to improve superconducting properties of NbN thin film and we observe superconducting transition temperature 16.6 K, the one of the highest value reported so far for 50 nm thick NbN film on sapphire.
Neighbourhood-based social integration. The importance of the local context for different forms of resource transfer
Authors: Farwick Andreas , Hanhörster Heike , Lobato Isabel Ramos , Striemer Wiebke
Published: October 2019

Due to their lack of financial resources, poor residents of deprived neighbourhoods are very much reliant on support and assistance from their personal networks. Studies refer to the key importance of neighbourhood contacts transcending social boundaries to promote upward social mobility. Based on a mix of quantitative and qualitative findings, this paper looks at the importance of social mix within a person’s neighbourhood and immediate surroundings for transferring different kinds of resources. The results show that even residents of deprived neighbourhoods can call on a well-developed support network to deal with everyday problems. The contribution also shows that network contacts to people endowed with more resources are no guarantee for the upward social mobility of the less well endowed. Indeed, it would seem that ‘getting-ahead’ resources are also accessible via their homogeneous networks. Much more to the point, the immediate surroundings turn out to be an important spatial context for contacts and resource transfers, especially for families with children.
Reluctance and willingness for organ donation after death among the Slovene general population
Authors: Berzelak Nejc , Avsec Danica , Kamin Tanja
Published: October 2019

Introduction

The paper presents the findings of the first large-scale survey on post-mortem organ donation among the general Slovenian population. It focuses on the reported donation willingness, the barriers to joining the register of organ donors and the position towards consent to donate organs of deceased relatives.

Methods

A face-to-face survey was conducted on a probability sample of 1,076 Slovenian residents between October and December 2017. The performed analyses included estimations of means and proportions for target variables, an evaluation of between-group differences and a partial proportional odds model to study the relations between organ donation willingness and socio-demographic characteristics.

Results

The mean reported willingness to donate one’s own organs after death was 3.77 on a 5-point scale, with less than a third of respondents claiming to be certainly willing. Only 6% of those at least tentatively willing to donate organs were certain to join the register of organ donors in the future. The most frequently reported barriers to registration were unfamiliarity with the procedure and a lack of considering it beforehand. The reported willingness to donate organs of a deceased relative strongly depended on the knowledge of the relative’s wishes, yet 80% of the respondents did not discuss their wishes with any family members.

Conclusions

The findings confirm the gap between the reported donation willingness and joining the register of donors. Future post-mortem organ donation strategies need to consider socio-demographic and attitudinal factors of donation willingness and help stimulate the communication about organ donation wishes between family members.