bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using Population-Size Estimation and Cross-sectional Survey Methods to Evaluate HIV Service Coverage Among Key Populations in Burkina Faso and Togo
Authors: Holland Claire E. , Kouanda Seni , Lougué Marcel , Pitche Vincent Palokinam , Schwartz Sheree , Anato Simplice , Ouedraogo Henri Gautier , Tchalla Jules , Yah Clarence S. , Kapesa Laurent , Ketende Sosthenes , Beyrer Chris , Baral Stefan
Published: November 2016

Objectives:

The objective of our study was to measure progress toward the UNAIDS 90-90-90 HIV care targets among key populations in urban areas of 2 countries in West Africa: Burkina Faso and Togo.

Methods:

We recruited female sex workers (FSWs) and men who have sex with men (MSM) through respondent-driven sampling. From January to July 2013, 2738 participants were enrolled, tested for HIV, and completed interviewer-administered surveys. We used population-size estimation methods to calculate the number of people who were engaged in the HIV continuum of care.

Results:

HIV prevalence ranged from 0.6% (2 of 329) of MSM in Kara, Togo, to 32.9% (115 of 350) of FSWs in Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Of those confirmed to be HIV infected, a range of 0.0% (0 of 2) of MSM in Kara to 55.7% (64 of 115) of FSWs in Bobo Dioulasso were using ART. Based on population estimates, the percentage gap between HIV-infected people who should be using ART (per the 90-90-90 targets) and those who reported using ART ranged from 31.5% among FSWs in Bobo Dioulasso to 100.0% among MSM in Kara.

Conclusions:

HIV service coverage among MSM and FSWs in Burkina Faso and Togo was low in 2013. Interventions for improving engagement of these at-risk populations in the HIV continuum of care should include frequent, routine HIV testing and linkage to evidence-based HIV treatment services. Population-size estimates can be used to inform governments, policy makers, and funding agencies about where elements of HIV service coverage are most needed.
Analysis of “Comparison an Electronic Glycemic Management System Versus Provider Managed Subcutaneous Basal Bolus Insulin Therapy in the Hospital Setting”
Authors: Leitgeb Silvia , Mader Julia K.
Published: November 2016

Safety and efficacy of a nurse-directed electronic glycemic management system (eGMS) in comparison to basal-bolus subcutaneous insulin therapy managed by providers has been evaluated recently by Aloi et al. They included 993 non–critically ill patients across 9 different hospitals in a retrospective observational crossover study and compared mean blood glucose, number of hypoglycemic events <40 mg/dl and <70 mg/dl and the percentage of blood glucose in target (140-180 mg/dl) before, during and after the use of eGMS. Conclusion was that eGMS can lead to better glycemic control with less hypoglycemic events compared to provider managed basal-bolus insulin therapy (before and after eGMS). Although some limitations exist, the authors made a strong case that eGMS has positive impact on glycemic control in hospitalized patients with diabetes.
The Need for Faster Insulin
Authors: Muchmore Douglas B.
Published: November 2016

Considerable progress in treatment of diabetes has been made in the nearly 100 years following the discovery of insulin, and advances in insulin therapy have improved convenience, quality of life, overall glycemic control (A1C), and risk of hypoglycemia. An unmet need remains for a mealtime insulin that can faithfully reproduce the metabolic profile that ensues following meal ingestion in healthy persons. A number of “ultra-fast” insulin programs have been initiated, and Afrezza® (insulin human; Inhalation Powder, MannKind Corporation, Danbury, CT) stands as the first such product to be approved by the US FDA. Afrezza is unique as an “ultra-ultra” fast insulin, faster than any other entrant except IV insulin. The benefits and limitations of the Afrezza profile are discussed in this analysis.
How Much Accuracy of Interstitial Glucose Measurement Is Enough? Is There a Need for New Evidence?
Authors: Hermanns Norbert , Ehrmann Dominic , Kulzer Bernhard
Published: November 2016

This analytical comment discusses what standards are needed for the evaluation of the accuracy of glucose measurement systems continuously measuring glucose in the interstitial fluid. Since accuracy standards for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)/flash glucose monitoring (FGM) systems are currently based on modeling studies or consensus of experts, we raised the question whether non-inferiority trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of CGM/FGM measurements compared to capillary blood glucose measurement with point-of-care devices could help to establish clarity about the needed accuracy standards of CGM/FGM. Such trials could also support the replacement of capillary blood glucose measurements by modern CGM/FGM systems.
Heme oxygenase-1-transduced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in reducing acute rejection and improving small bowel transplantation outcomes in rats
Authors: Yang Yang , Song Hong Li , Zhang Wen , Wu Ben Juan , Fu Nan Nan , Dong Chong , Shen Zhong Yang
Published: November 2016

Background

We determined whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) transduced with heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a cytoprotective and immune-protective factor, could improve outcomes for small bowel transplantation (SBTx) in rats.

Methods

We performed heterotopic SBTx from Brown Norway rats to Lewis rats, before infusing Ad/HO-1-transduced BMMSCs (Ad/HO-1/BMMSCs) through the superficial dorsal veins of the penis. Respective infusions with Ad/BMMSCs, BMMSCs, and normal saline served as controls. The animals were sacrificed after 1, 5, 7, or 10 days. At each time point, we measured small bowel histology and apoptosis, HO-1 protein and mRNA expression, natural killer (NK) cell activity, cytokine concentrations in serum and intestinal graft, and levels of regulatory T (Treg) cells.

Results

The saline-treated control group showed aggravated acute cellular rejection over time, with mucosal destruction, increased apoptosis, NK cell activation, and upregulation of proinflammatory and immune-related mediators. Both the Ad/BMMSC-treated group and the BMMSC-treated group exhibited attenuated acute cellular rejection at an early stage, but the effects receded 7 days after transplantation. Strikingly, the Ad/HO-1/BMMSC-treated group demonstrated significantly attenuated acute cellular rejection, reduced apoptosis and NK cell activity, and suppressed concentrations of inflammation and immune-related cytokines, and upregulated expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine mediators and increased Treg cell levels.

Conclusion

Our data suggest that Ad/HO-1-transduced BMMSCs have a reinforced effect on reducing acute rejection and protecting the outcome of SBTx in rats.
MicroRNA-29 facilitates transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells to alleviate pelvic floor dysfunction by repressing elastin
Authors: Jin Minfei , Wu Yuelin , Wang Jun , Ye Weiping , Wang Lei , Yin Peipei , Liu Wei , Pan Chenhao , Hua Xiaolin
Published: November 2016

Background

Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is a condition affecting many women worldwide, with symptoms including stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We have previously demonstrated stable elastin-expressing bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) attenuated PFD in rats, and aim to further study the effect of microRNA-29a-3p regulation on elastin expression and efficacy of BMSC transplantation therapy.

Methods

We inhibited endogenous microRNA-29a-3p in BMSCs and investigated its effect on elastin expression by RT-PCR and Western blot. MicroRNA-29-inhibited BMSCs were then transplanted into PFD rats, accompanied by sustained release of bFGF using formulated bFGF in poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NP), followed by evaluation of urodynamic tests.

Results

MicroRNA-29a-3p inhibition resulted in upregulated expression and secretion of elastin in in vitro culture of BMSCs. After co-injection with PLGA-loaded bFGF NP into the PFD rats in vivo, microRNA-29a-3p-inhibited BMSCs significantly improved the urodynamic test results.

Conclusions

Our multidisciplinary study, combining microRNA biology, genetically engineered BMSCs, and nanoparticle technology, provides an excellent stem cell-based therapy for repairing connective tissues and treating PFD.
Processing of Al2O3–SiCw–TiC ceramic composite by powder mixed electric discharge grinding
Authors: Satyarthi M. K. , Pandey Pulak M.
Published: November 2016

Background

The machining of conductive alumina ceramic was successful by the electric discharge grinding (EDG). Therefore, the aim of the present work is to increase the material removal rate (MRR) during EDG of conductive alumina ceramic by addition of ceramic powder with dielectric.

Methods

To achieve the objective through experimental investigation is carried out and the influence of input process parameters (powder concentration, duty ratio, pulse on time, table speed and wheel speed) on surface roughness (SR), MRR and surface integrity has been studied. The fine grade silicon carbide powder of #1000 mesh sizes was mixed in dielectric medium with varying concentration to understand the influence of the powder concentration and its interaction with other process parameters during powder mixed electric discharge grinding (PMEDG). The central composite rotatable design (CCRD) has been used to plan the experiments. Optimization of the obtained statistical models of MRR and SR has been done to obtain highest MRR and lowest SR.

Result

It was observed that the MRR achieved by PMEDG was 3 – 10 times higher than EDG. It was found that all the process factors and interactions show significant contribution on SR. The SR obtained by PMEDG was 2 – 4 times higher than EDG.

Conclusions

It has been established that the PMEDG process is a better option for processing of Al2O3–SiCw–TiC ceramic material as preliminary operation before EDG to achieve high MRR. In the present work the surface and subsurface damages were also assessed and characterized by the scanning electron microscope (SEM).
In-vitro toxicity study of poly(alkylphenol) as vulcanizing agent
Authors: Chon Joon Woo , Lee Ji Yun , Song Yoon Ju , Kim Jin Hwan , Chung Dong June
Published: November 2016

In this study, cytotoxicity of various novel poly(alkylpehnol) derivatives which, one of constituent for vulcanizing agent, could be adjusted in medical elastic rubber applications were investigated under various conditions of cytotoxicity test.

By MTT-assay which according to ISO 10993–5 regulation, we could figure out cell viability of mouse fibroblast in various sample conditions. Furthermore, by Live & Dead Cell assay, we could get colorimetric cell viability via fluorescence images.
Seismic characterization of heavy oil reservoir during thermal production: A case study
Authors: Yuan Hemin , Han De-Hua , Zhang Weimin
Published: November 2016

Heavy oil reservoirs are important alternative energy resources to conventional oil and gas reservoirs. However, due to the high viscosity, most production methods of heavy oil reservoirs involve thermal production. Heavy oil reservoirs’ properties change dramatically during thermal production because the viscosity drops drastically with increasing temperature. Moreover, the velocity and density also decrease after steam injection, leading to a longer traveltime of seismic velocities and low impedance of the steam chamber zone. These changes of properties can act as indicators of the steam chamber and can be detected through the time-lapse inversion method. We first establish the rock-physics relationship between oil sands’ impedance and temperature on the basis of our previous laboratory work. Then, we perform the forward modeling of the heavy oil reservoir with the steam chamber to demonstrate the influence of steam injection on seismic profiles. Then, we develop a modified-Cauchy prior-distribution-based time-lapse inversion method and perform a 2D model test. The inversion method is then applied on the real field data, and the results are analyzed. By combining the inverted impedance and rock-physics relation between impedance and temperature, the temperature distribution map is obtained, which can work as an indicator of steam chamber. Finally, an empirical relation between impedance and velocity is established, and velocity is derived from the impedance.
Mediation, Reading, and Yorick's Sentimental Vehicle
Authors: Takanashi Kyoko
Published: November 2016

Taking Laurence Sterne's A Sentimental Journey as a case study, this article explores how mid-eighteenth-century novels of sensibility theorized mediation—and by extension, the very act of reading. Sentimental fiction draws attention to the instability of individual feeling in a media culture where a network of people, things, and texts intermingle in commercial society. Working through the epistemology of possessive individualism, sentimental fiction tends to question whether individuals really own their feelings. The form of the novel mirrors this concern to challenge the relationship between texts and the world the novel represents. Sterne continually exposes the ontological instability of both texts and readers in a networked commercial environment; just as Yorick is affectively led astray by accidental encounters with people and things, readers are also exposed to narrative disruptions. This essay argues that these symptoms are not a sign of sentimental fiction's failure to achieve formal realism but an indication of how sentimental fiction participated in a historically specific culture of reading that emphasized the continuity between textual representation and the world of everyday experience.
Tenascin-C at a glance
Authors: Midwood Kim S. , Chiquet Matthias , Tucker Richard P. , Orend Gertraud
Published: November 2016

Tenascin-C (TNC) is a hexameric, multimodular extracellular matrix protein with several molecular forms that are created through alternative splicing and protein modifications. It is highly conserved amongst vertebrates, and molecular phylogeny indicates that it evolved before fibronectin. Tenascin-C has many extracellular binding partners, including matrix components, soluble factors and pathogens; it also influences cell phenotype directly through interactions with cell surface receptors. Tenascin-C protein synthesis is tightly regulated, with widespread protein distribution in embryonic tissues, but restricted distribution of tenascin-C in adult tissues. Tenascin-C is also expressed de novo during wound healing or in pathological conditions, including chronic inflammation and cancer. First described as a modulator of cell adhesion, tenascin-C also directs a plethora of cell signaling and gene expression programs by shaping mechanical and biochemical cues within the cellular microenvironment. Exploitment of the pathological expression and function of tenascin-C is emerging as a promising strategy to develop new diagnostic, therapeutic and bioengineering tools. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster we provide a succinct and comprehensive overview of the structural and functional features of tenascin-C and its potential roles in developing embryos and under pathological conditions.
Development of nanoscale structure in LAT-based signaling complexes
Authors: Barr Valarie A. , Sherman Eilon , Yi Jason , Akpan Itoro , Rouquette-Jazdanian Alexandre K. , Samelson Lawrence E.
Published: November 2016

The adapter molecule linker for activation of T cells (LAT) plays a crucial role in forming signaling complexes induced by stimulation of the T cell receptor (TCR). These multi-molecular complexes are dynamic structures that activate highly regulated signaling pathways. Previously, we have demonstrated nanoscale structure in LAT-based complexes where the adapter SLP-76 (also known as LCP2) localizes to the periphery of LAT clusters. In this study, we show that initially LAT and SLP-76 are randomly dispersed throughout the clusters that form upon TCR engagement. The segregation of LAT and SLP-76 develops near the end of the spreading process. The local concentration of LAT also increases at the same time. Both changes require TCR activation and an intact actin cytoskeleton. These results demonstrate that the nanoscale organization of LAT-based signaling complexes is dynamic and indicates that different kinds of LAT-based complexes appear at different times during T cell activation.
Unraveling the stereochemical and dynamic aspects of the catalytic site of bacterial peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase
Authors: Kabra Ashish , Shahid Salman , Pal Ravi Kant , Yadav Rahul , Pulavarti S.V.S. Rama Krishna , Jain Anupam , Tripathi Sarita , Arora Ashish
Published: November 2016

Bacterial peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase (Pth; EC 3.1.1.29) hydrolyzes the peptidyl-tRNAs accumulated in the cytoplasm and thereby prevents cell death by alleviating tRNA starvation. X-ray and NMR studies ofVibrio choleraePth (VcPth) and mutants of its key residues involved in catalysis show that the activity and selectivity of the protein depends on the stereochemistry and dynamics of residues H24, D97, N118, and N14. D97-H24 interaction is critical for activity because it increases the nucleophilicity of H24. The N118 and N14 have orthogonally competing interactions with H24, both of which reduce the nucleophilicity of H24 and are likely to be offset by positioning of a peptidyl-tRNA substrate. The region proximal to H24 and the lid region exhibit slow motions that may assist in accommodating the substrate. Helix α3 exhibits a slow wobble with intermediate time scale motions of its N-cap residue N118, which may work as a flypaper to position the scissile ester bond of the substrate. Overall, the dynamics of interactions between the side chains of N14, H24, D97, and N118, control the catalysis of substrate by this enzyme.
Stem–loop RNA labeling can affect nuclear and cytoplasmic mRNA processing
Authors: Heinrich Stephanie , Sidler Corinne L. , Azzalin Claus M. , Weis Karsten
Published: November 2016

The binding of sequence-specific RNA-interacting proteins, such as the bacteriophage MS2 or PP7 coat proteins, to their corresponding target sequences has been extremely useful and widely used to visualize single mRNAs in vivo. However, introduction of MS2 stem–loops into yeast mRNAs has recently been shown to lead to the accumulation of RNA fragments, suggesting that the loops impair mRNA decay. This result was questioned, because fragment occurrence was mainly assessed using ensemble methods, and their cellular localization and its implications had not been addressed on a single transcript level. Here, we demonstrate that the introduction of either MS2 stem–loops (MS2SL) or PP7 stem–loops (PP7SL) can affect the processing and subcellular localization of mRNA. We use single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization (smFISH) to determine the localization of three independent mRNAs tagged with the stem–loop labeling systems in glucose-rich and glucose starvation conditions. Transcripts containing MS2SL or PP7SL display aberrant localization in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. These defects are most prominent in glucose starvation conditions, with nuclear mRNA processing being altered and stem–loop fragments abnormally enriching in processing bodies (PBs). The mislocalization of SL-containing RNAs is independent of the presence of the MS2 or PP7 coat protein (MCP or PCP).
Case Report: Whole exome sequencing identifies a novel frameshift insertion c.1325dupT (p.F442fsX2) in the tyrosine kinase domain of BTK gene in a young Indian individual with X-linked agammaglobulinemia
Authors: Rawat Amit , Karuthedath Vellarikkal Shamsudheen , Verma Ankit , Jayarajan Rijith , Gupta Anju , Singh Surjit , Chopra Anita , Kumar Rajive , Scaria Vinod , Sivasubbu Sridhar
Published: November 2016

X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is an extremely rare inherited primary immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent bacterial infections, decrease in number of mature B cells and low serum immunoglobulins. XLA is caused by mutations in the gene encoding Bruton's tyrosine kinase. We report a case of a young Indian boy suspected to have XLA. Immunophenotyping was performed for the affected child using CD20, CD19 and CD3 antibodies. Whole exome sequencing was performed using trio-based approach. The variants were further analyzed using capillary sequencing in the trio as well as maternal grandmother. Initial immunophenotyping in the affected child showed decreased count of CD19+ B cells. To strengthen the clinical findings and confirm the diagnosis of XLA, we performed whole exome sequencing. Our analysis identified a novel frameshift insertion (c.1325dupT) in theBTKgene, which was further validated by Sanger sequencing. Our approach shows the potential in using whole exome sequencing to pinpoint the molecular lesion, enabling timely diagnosis and genetic counseling, and potentially offering prenatal genetic testing for the family.
Advances in analyzing RNA diversity in eukaryotic transcriptomes: peering through the Omics lens
Authors: Bangru Sushant , Kalsotra Auinash
Published: November 2016

Alternative splicing, polyadenylation, and chemical modifications of RNA generate astonishing complexity within eukaryotic transcriptomes. The last decade has brought numerous advances in sequencing technologies that allow biologists to investigate these phenomena with greater depth and accuracy while reducing time and cost. A commensurate development in biochemical techniques for the enrichment and analysis of different RNA variants has accompanied the advancement of global sequencing analysis platforms. Here, we present a detailed overview of the latest biochemical methods, along with bioinformatics pipelines that have aided in identifying different RNA variants. We also highlight the ongoing developments and challenges associated with RNA variant detection and quantification, including sample heterogeneity and isolation, as well as ‘Omics’ big data handling.
Development of fiber laser optic system for laser polishing of parts
Authors: Савкин Александр , Savkin Aleksandr , Фунтиков Владислав , Funtikov Vladislav , Григорьянц Александр , Grigoryants Aleksandr , Третьяков Роман , Tretiyakov Roman
Published: November 2016

The possibility of an approximate description of a multimode beam of a fiber laser in the Zemax modeling system for the development of an optic system of a laser head is shown. There are developed and manufactured optic units of a laser head taking into account characteristic peculiarities of radiation of high-power fiber lasers. The possibilities are shown the developed optic system in the technology of laser polishing by the remelting of a sample surface made of stainless steel of type 1540-00.
High technology to reduce hydrogen wear of work surfaces of friction
Authors: Шалыгин Михаил , Shalygin Mikhail
Published: November 2016

This paper reports the problems considered regarding the hydrogen wear decrease in steel parts operating in hydrogen medium and, in particular, in hydrocarbon liquids. The comparative researches are carried out with samples after thermal treatment, high-vacuum annealing and ionic implantation and also after a combination of these methods. The structure of samples surface layer is investigated after a combined working and the values of micro-hardness of layers formed are given. The investigation of surface quality changes is carried out. The results of comparative abrasion tests of samples are presented. It is defined that after a combined working samples wear decreased. There are shown data on the hydrogen concentration in a surface layer of samples and the analysis of surface properties for hydrogen concentration and hydrogen wear intensity is carried out.
Technological support of accuracy and quality of machinery surfaces at designing of route-operation engineering process by synthesis method based on dimensions ties analysis
Authors: Польский Евгений , Polskiy Evgeniy
Published: November 2016

Basic regulations for technological support of accuracy and quality of machinery surfaces at the basic stages of a product life cycle at the development of machining techniques by a method of automated generative synthesis of single route processes of manufacturing are presented.
Ornamental Costus
Authors: Skinner Dave
Published: November 2016

In recent years the spiral gingers (genus Costus) have become more and more popular as ornamental garden plants. Dave Skinner describes these plants, including his approach to identification of New World Costus, corrections to some common identification errors, information about cold hardy species, and information about Costus hybrids and cultivars.
An evaluation of the therapeutic potential of fecal microbiota transplantation to treat infectious and metabolic diseases
Authors: Groen Albert K , Nieuwdorp Max
Published: November 2016

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has had a long history in medicine for treating a number of human diseases. As early as during the 4th century BC, FMT was used in China to treat patients with food poisoning and diarrhea. Over time, the method became obsolete, particularly after the realization that hygiene plays an important role in preventing infectious diseases. It was not until the late 1950s that FMT garnered interest again when the first reports about its use to treat fulminant enterocolitis appeared in the scientific literature. However, FMT's breakthrough as the method of choice for the treatment of persistent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) came only after a double‐blind randomized trial (van Nood et al, ), which demonstrated 94% efficacy of FMT compared with 31% after conservative treatment with vancomycin.
A Qualitative Interpretation of Challenges Associated with Helping Patients with Multiple Chronic Diseases Identify Their Goals
Authors: Boeckxstaens Pauline , Willems Sara , Lanssens Mieke , Decuypere Charlotte , Brusselle Guy , Kühlein Thomas , De Maeseneer Jan , De Sutter An
Published: November 2016

Background

Patients with multiple chronic diseases are usually treated according to disease-specific guidelines, with outcome measurements focusing mostly on biomedical indicators (e.g. blood sugar levels or lung function). However, for multimorbidity, a goal-oriented approach focusing on the goals defined by the individual patient, may be more suitable. Despite the clear theoretical and conceptual advantages of including patient-defined goals in clinical decision-making for multimorbidity, it is not clear how patients define their goals and which aspects play a role in the process of defining them.

Objective

To explore goal-setting in patients with multimorbidity.

Design

Qualitative analysis of interviews with 19 patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and comorbidities.

Results

Patients do not naturally present their goals. Their goals are difficult to elicit, even when different interviewing techniques are used. Four underlying hypotheses which may explain this finding were identified from the interviews: (1) patients cannot identify with the concept of goal-setting; (2) goal-setting is reduced due to acceptation; (3) actual stressors predominate over personal goal-setting; and (4) patients may consider personal goals as selfish.

Conclusions

Our findings advocate for specific attention to provider skills and strategies that help patients identify their personal goals. The hypotheses on why patients may struggle with defining goals may be useful to prompt patients in this process and support the development of a clinical method for goal-oriented care.
Hormone-sensitive lipase deficiency alters gene expression and cholesterol content of mouse testis
Authors: Wang Feng , Chen Zheng , Ren Xiaofang , Tian Ye , Wang Fucheng , Liu Chao , Jin Pengcheng , Li Zongyue , Zhang Feixiong , Zhu Baochang
Published: November 2016

Hormone-sensitive lipase-knockout (HSL−/−) mice exhibit azoospermia for unclear reasons. To explore the basis of sterility, we performed the following three experiments. First, HSL protein distribution in the testis was determined. Next, transcriptome analyses were performed on the testes of three experimental groups. Finally, the fatty acid and cholesterol levels in the testes with three different genotypes studied were determined. We found that the HSL protein was present from spermatocyte cells to mature sperm acrosomes in wild-type (HSL+/+) testes. Spermiogenesis ceased at the elongation phase of HSL−/− testes. Transcriptome analysis indicated that genes involved in lipid metabolism, cell membrane, reproduction and inflammation-related processes were disordered in HSL−/− testes. The cholesterol content was significantly higher in HSL−/− than that in HSL+/+ testis. Therefore, gene expression and cholesterol ester content differed in HSL−/− testes compared to other testes, which may explain the sterility of male HSL−/− mice.
Proactive coping and gambling disorder among young men
Authors: Sleczka Pawel , Braun Barbara , Grüne Bettina , Bühringer Gerhard , Kraus Ludwig
Published: November 2016

Objectives

Male sex, young age, and frequent gambling are considered as risk factors for gambling disorder (GD) and stress might be one of the triggers of gambling behavior among problem gamblers. Conversely, well-developed coping with stress might counteract gambling problems. The Proactive Coping Theory provides a promising approach for the further development of preventive and treatment measures. The objective of the study was to investigate different facets of proactive coping (PC) in young male gamblers.

Methods

Young men from Bavaria were recruited via the Munich citizens’ registry (n = 2,588) and Facebook invitations (n = 105). In total, 173 out of 398 individuals were positively screened for frequent gambling and/or signs of related problems and completed the baseline questionnaire of the Munich Leisure-time Study. Factors investigated include gambling problems, PC, impulsiveness, social support, and psychological distress.

Results

Gambling problems were associated with lower levels of preventive coping as well as of adaptive reaction delay. The associations were also significant when controlled for impulsiveness and general psychological distress. Preventive coping moderated the association between social support and gambling problems.

Discussion and conclusions

Young men with gambling problems less frequently prevent the occurrence of stressors and more often react hasty when these occur. While the investigated group reported good social support, this factor was negatively associated with GD only among individuals with good preventive coping. Preventive coping poses a useful construct for selective prevention and treatment as it can be modified in professional interventions.
Spiroxys contortus (Rudolphi, 1819) and Hedruris orestiae (Moniez, 1889) in Argentine turtles
Authors: Palumbo Ezequiel , Capasso Sofia , Cassano María Julia , Alcalde Leandro , Diaz Julia Inés
Published: November 2016

Knowledge of parasites in turtles is scarce, particularly with regard to freshwater turtles of South America. Here, we describe the association of Spiroxys contortus (Rudolphi, 1819)in Phrynops hilarii (Duméril & Bibron, 1835) and S. contortus and Hedruris orestiae (Moniez, 1889) in Hydromedusa tectifera (Cope, 1870). The presence of S. contortus in P. hilarii represents a new host record and also the southernmost geographic record for this species. More interestingly, the presence of H. orestiae in H. tectifera represents the first record of this helminth species from a reptilian host.
PEMATANGAN GONAD INDUK UDANG WINDU JANTAN DAN BETINA MELALUI PEMBERIAN PAKAN BERKAROTENOID
Authors: Umar Umar , Santiadjinata Wendy , Ramadhan Ramadhan
Published: November 2016

Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pematangan gonad induk udang jantan dan betina melalui pemberian pakan berkarotenoid dan tanpa karotenoid. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di Instalasi Pembenihan Udang Windu (IPUW) Barru, Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau, Maros. Hewan uji yang digunakan adalah induk udang windu jantan dan betina asal tambak. Perlakuan yang digunakan yakni pakan berkarotenoid dan tanpa karotenoid. Jumlah induk betina yang matang gonad yakni TKG-2 atau TKG-3 pada perlakuan pemberian pakan berkarotenoid lebih tinggi yakni sebanyak 86,7% dibandingkan dengan pakan tanpa karotenoid yakni 76,7%. Jumlah induk jantan yang matang gonad dan dapat mengeluarkan spermatofornya lebih tinggi pada jantan yang diberi pakan berkarotenoid yaitu 82,3% dibandingkan pakan tanpa karotenoid sebesar 69,9%. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa rerata bobot spermatofor yang diberi pakan berkarotenoid dan tanpa karotenoid berturut-turut yakni 0,104 g dan 0,096 g; tetapi rerata berat spermatofor induk jantan yang diberi pakan karotenoid lebih besar yaitu 0,1 g dari spermatofor pada pakan tanpa karotenoid yaitu 0,087 g
KERAGAAN BENIH IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio) RAJADANU HASIL SELEKSI YANG DIPELIHARA DALAM KARAMBA JARING APUNG DI WADUK DARMA, KUNINGAN
Authors: Dharmawanto Listio , Supriyanto Supriyanto
Published: November 2016

Uji multilokasi merupakan salah satu syarat yang harus dipenuhi sebagai penilaian agar suatu varietas atau jenis ikan hasil pemuliaan dapat dilepas kepada masyarakat. Kegiatan uji multilokasi benih ikan mas Rajadanu hasil seleksi Balai Penelitian Pemuliaan Ikan (BPPI) Sukamandi, ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaannya pada tahap pembesaran melalui pemeliharaan dalam karamba jaring apung di Waduk Darma, Kabupaten Kuningan, Jawa Barat. Sebagai pembanding digunakan benih ikan mas Majalaya yang diperoleh dari unit pembenihan rakyat (UPR) di sekitar lokasi pengujian. Pemeliharaan dilakukan selama tiga bulan dengan teknik budidaya sesuai dengan teknik pembesaran ikan mas yang biasa diterapkan oleh pembudidaya setempat. Parameter yang diukur pada penelitian ini adalah panjang, bobot, sintasan, rasio konversi pakan, dan biomassa hasil panen. Hasil uji multilokasi pembesaran ikan mas dalam karamba jaring apung di Waduk Darma ini menunjukkan bahwa keragaan benih ikan mas Rajadanu hasil seleksi lebih baik dibandingkan dengan benih ikan mas pembanding dalam hal pertumbuhan (rata-rata bobot akhir 179,47 ± 52,72 g dibandingkan 114,40 ± 34,35 g), sintasan (75,00% dibandingkan 70,05%), rasio konversi pakan (1,36 dibandingkan 2,41), dan biomassa hasil panen (673,00 kg dibandingkan 403,26 kg)
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Matematika Melalui Pemecahan Masalah untuk Meningkatkan Penalaran Matematis Siswa Kelas X-A SMA Al-Muslimun
Authors: Maimunah Maimunah , Purwanto Purwanto , Sa’dijah Cholis , Sisworo Sisworo
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this study to improve students mathematical reasoning with the application of teaching mathematics through problem solving. This models consist of four fase, that is: giving problems, investigation, presentation results, and evaluation results. Method of research is quasi experimental is implemented in class X-A SMA Al Muslimun Pelalawan Riau. Subject of this study were 19 students who divided into groups of 4-5 students with the capability of high, medium, and low. The instrument used was a test and observation. In the pretest result there were 10 students with sufficient reasoning and good criteria. While on the posttest there were 19 students with the criterion of mathematical reasoning is good. No students obtains criterion of mathematical reasoning is very good in two test.
Kemampuan Regulasi Diri Siswa dan Dampaknya Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika
Authors: Kusaeri Kusaeri , Mulhamah Umi Nida
Published: November 2016

Self-regulation integrate many things of learning theories and can guide the students to strive to achieve learning goals by controlling the thoughts, behaviors, and emotions. This study aims to determine the theoretical models, testing them with empirical data, and finding influence between the ability of self-regulation to mathematics achievement. The ability of self-regulation measures consists of metacognition, motivation, and behavior. The field research with verification approach was conducted in MTsN Tanjunganom Nganjuk. The total sample is 112 students. The instrument is form of questionnaires. Mathematics achievement is taken from value data of middle semester of 2015/2016 academic year. The data were analyzed by LISREL software version 9.2 through statistical methods of Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The results shows that the theoretical model developed the show compliance with the criteria suitability test conducted. The test matches in accordance with the criteria of Goodness of Fit is a p-value and RMSEA.
Berpikir Intuitif sebagai Solusi Mengatasi Rendahnya Prestasi Belajar Matematika
Authors: Sa'o Sofia
Published: November 2016

One of the factors that are important to achieve the goals of mathematics learning is a way of thinking students during learning. One of the processes used are intuitive thinking. Intuitive thinking is a cognitive process that led to the idea as a strategy for making decisions in solving problems. Spontaneous answers both written and oral expression so that students solve mathematical problems without the use of analytical thinking. The purpose of this study was to describe the solution to overcome the lack of mathematics achievement by means of intuitive thinking. The method used is qualitative to describe the solution of the subject in intuitive thinking. The subject was the four student of class VIII. Subjects using antisipatory intuitive ways of thinking that is contrary to the alleged problem solving in general and included in the global components and perception because it produces the correct answer with the solution.
Implementasi Islamic Math Character: Paradigma Baru dalam Pembelajaran Matematika
Authors: Karim Muhammad Busyro , Nisa' Titin Faridatun , Asyhar Ahmad Hanif
Published: November 2016

This research aimed to describe student learning outcomes trough implementation of Islamic Math Character and explain whether of Islamic Math Character can improve student learning outcomes in subject Calculus I. This research is an action research which uses a classroom action research with spiral model. Each cycle consist of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The research subject were Calculus I students of mathematics education department. The research results of student learning the material functions through the application of mathematics with Islamic Math Character proved a significant increase of the value of the average of student mastery learning at pre-action only amounted to 63.78 by 31,11%. At the first cycle, the average value of student mastery learning increased to 70.33 by 57.78%. At the second cycle, the average value of student mastery learning becomes 75.44 by 100%.
Pengaruh Kecerdasan Emosional, Partisipasi Guru dalam Forum Ilmiah, Keyakinan Diri (Self Efficacy), dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru Matematika
Authors: Herawaty Dewi
Published: November 2016

This research aims to understand the direct effect of emotional intelligence, teacher participation in scientific forum, self efficacy, and motivation to work performance math teacher. The research was conducted by survey method and sample were 100 math teachers of 680 math teachers in the junior high schools of Bengkulu Province. The data was collected through a likert scale questionnaire technique. The quantitative data were processed by the path analysis. The result were direct effect of: 1)  emotional intelligence, teacher participation in scientific forums, and self efficacy influence on job motivation of teachers; 2) emotional intelligence, teacher participation in scientific forums directly impact the self efficacy of teachers; and 3) emotional intelligence, teacher participation in scientific forums, self efficacy and motivation to directly influence the performance of a teacher of mathematics.
ANALISIS OPTIMAL PENJUALAN PETIS MADURA MENGGUNAKAN METODE TOPSIS
Authors: Sumiatun Sumiatun , Kuzairi Kuzairi
Published: November 2016

Petis merupakan jenis makanan yang digemari orang banyak, selain dijadikan bahan untuk usaha yang ditekuni, petis juga bemanfaat untuk bahan pendamping makanan rigan seperti gorengan, uniknya petis Madura ini awet dan dijual sampai keluar Madura. Dalam penelitian ini metode yang digunakan adalah Technique For Order Preference By Similarity To Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Metode TOPSIS adalah salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk menyelesaikan masalah Multi Attribute Decision Making (MADM). Metode TOPSIS didasarkan pada konsep dimana alternatif terpilih yang terbaik tidak hanya memiliki jarak terpendek dari solusi ideal positif, namun juga memiliki jarak terpanjang dari solusi ideal negatif. Metode TOPSIS memiliki beberapa kelebihan, diantaranya konsepnya yang sederhana dan mudah dipahami, komputasinya efisien, dan memiliki kemampuan untuk mengukur kinerja relatif dari alternatif-alternatif keputusan dalam bentuk matematis yang sederhana.
PERBANDINGAN ANTARA METODE K-MEANS CLUSTERING DENGAN GATH-GEVA CLUSTERING
Authors: Lailiyah Siti , Hafiyusholeh Moh.
Published: November 2016

Perdagangan luar negeri Indonesia sedang ditata kembali format dan kinerjanya, agar pemerintah tidak membuat kesalahan dalam mengambil keputusan untuk meningkatkan ekspor non migas, maka pemerintah harus mampu memprediksi volume ekspor non migas. Prediksi pada dasarnya merupakan suatu perkiraan tentang terjadinya suatu kejadian di waktu yang akan datang. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi nilai ekspor tersebut adalah dengan k-means clustering dan gath-geva clustering. Kemudian dibentuk Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) untuk memperoleh hasil prediksi sehingga didapatkan error dan validasi hasil prediksi.Berdasarkan hasil analisa RMSE, cek maksimum dan cek minimum maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode Gath-Geva (GG) Clustering lebih teliti dibandingkan dengan metode K-means clustering
Klasifikasi Menggunakan Metode Hybrid Bayessian-Neural Network (Studi Kasus: Identifikasi Virus Komputer)
Authors: Rini Dian C , Farida Yuniar , Puspitasari Dwi
Published: November 2016

Virus komputer merupakan suatu program yang menginfeksi komputer terutama pada saat komputer sedang beroperasi dan menjadi momok bagi pengguna komputer. Virus komputer dapat menggandakan dirinya sendiri dan menyebar dengan cara menyisipkan dirinya pada program dan data lainnya. Efek negatif virus komputer adalah memperbanyak dirinya sendiri, yang membuat sumber daya pada komputer terutama penggunaan memori menjadi berkurang secara signifikan. Diperlukan suatu penangkal atau antivirus dalam mencegah penyebaran yang lebih jauh dalam sistem komputer. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan suatu identifikasi virus dengan menggabungkan dua metode yaitu Naïve Bayes Classifier dengan Neural Network. Fitur virus didapatkan dari mengkodekan ciri-ciri dari virus. Untuk klasifikasi awal digunakan metode Naïve Bayes Classifier untuk membagi dua jenis fitur, yaitu virus dan bukan virus. Setelah masuk kedalam jenis virus, maka diklasifikasikan kedalam dua jenis virus yaitu trojan atau worm menggunakan salah satu metode neural network (perceptron). Hasil sistem setelah dilakukan uji coba didapatkan recognition rate tertinggi yaitu sebesar 94.12%.
ANALISA KETUNGGALAN TITIK TETAP PADA PEMETAAN KONTRAKTIF DI RUANG METRIK LENGKAP DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN JARAK-W
Authors: Malahayati Malahayati
Published: November 2016

Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang sifat titik tetap pada jarak-w diruang metrik lengkap. Di dalam penelitian ini diberikan pula suatu contoh penggunaan sifat titik tetap berdasarkan sifat yang telah dibahas
APLIKASI METODE ADAMS BASHFORTH-MOULTON (ABM) PADA MODEL PENYAKIT KANKER
Authors: Kuzairi Kuzairi , Yulianto Tony , Safitri Lilik
Published: November 2016

Cancer is a deadly disease that is characterized by the growth of abnormal cells, the growth is ongoing, forming a tumor. Tumors are divided into two parts, namely benign and malignant tumors. Malignant tumors are a general term for cancer. The disease of cancer has a mathematical model in the form of a system of differential equations, for it required a method to obtain the solution of the system of differential equations. The method used is the method of numerical methods Bashforth Adams Moulton (ABM) order one, two, three, and four. From the results of this study concluded that the method ABM order three better than the method ABM first order, second order and fourth order at issue models of cancer, It can be seen in the graphic simulation using ABM order three, it shows that increasing time population of immune effector cells (E) and a population of effector molecules (C) increased and then stabilized. The population of immune effector cells (E) stabilized at 33.3336, while the population of the effector molecule (C) is stable in the scope of the numbers 33,333, 33,333 are said to be in scope for changes in population effector molecule (C) can not be known with certainty. While the population of cancer cells (T) remains at 0 at each iteration (stable) remains in a state that is free of cancer
PENARAPAN METODE GOAL PROGRAMMING UNTUK MENGOPTIMALKAN BEBERAPA TUJUAN PADA PERUSAHAAN DENGAN KENDALA JAM KERJA, PERMINTAAN DAN BAHAN BAKU
Authors: Fauziyah Fauziyah
Published: November 2016

The company has multiple objectives that want to be achieved, which are maximizing selling, maximizing production and minimizing the cost production without reducing the quality of the product. The objective contains different aspects and so often incompatible with each other. To provide an optimal solution with respect to those objectives of some predetermined goals, the applied method that used is goal programming. The goal programming show that it is run by using the LINDO program. The result of the goal programming method can maximize the total selling and total production by minimize cost. The result showed that the define objectives achieved optimally
Seismic progressive collapse of MRF–EBF dual steel systems
Authors: Faroughi Alireza , Moghadam Abdolreza S. , Hosseini Mahmood
Published: November 2016

Designing structures to resist progressive collapse during an earthquake is a key challenge for structural engineers working in seismic zones. This paper introduces a more appropriate brace configuration based on an upper-bound estimation of the probability of seismic progressive collapse in moment-resisting, eccentrically braced frames designed to the third edition of the Iranian seismic code. The code currently only has provisions for the capacity of moment frames, with no detail given for bracing elements. A numerical modelling study of low- to mid-rise residential and office buildings was undertaken. The results show that for five-storey buildings the optimum number of braced bays is 10–20% of the building's perimeter bays, whereas for eight-storey buildings the optimum proportion is 20–30%. Results also show that regular bracing in internal bays is more appropriate for resistance against progressive collapse.
Numerical investigation of high-strength built-up box columns
Authors: Jiang Jin , Chiew Sing Ping , Lee Chi King , Tiong Patrick Liq Yee
Published: November 2016

As high-strength steel box columns are usually fabricated by welding steel plates together, the welding process inevitably introduces residual stress and geometric imperfections and may affect their compressive strength. A detailed numerical investigation was conducted to study the behaviour of high-strength steel built-up box columns under compression. The welding processes were first simulated by a three-dimensional fully coupled thermal–mechanical modelling procedure using the general-propose finite-element package Abaqus. The residual stress distributions in the columns generated by different welding processes were determined. The column strengths under compression were then modelled by incorporating both the computed residual stress and the initial geometrical imperfections of the column as predefined input fields. Furthermore, the effects of different welding processes and heat treatment methods on built-up box column strength were investigated and discussed.