bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An attempt to become an-Other critical scholar: Bridging as ‘activist performativity’
Authors: Alakavuklar Ozan Nadir
Published: May 2023

This essay invites my colleagues in business schools to do their research differently by working with and for community/grassroots organisations. Based on my fieldwork experience at a free food store problematising food surplus and food waste in Aotearoa New Zealand, I offer ‘activist performativity’ as a scholarship modality that builds on critical praxis aligning activism, research and teaching for a socially just and sustainable society. I present my attempt to become an-Other critical scholar bridging multiple domains as a case of activist performativity with the hope of collectively transforming the alienating research practices at business schools as critical scholars.
The moral fog of war and historical sociology
Authors: Malešević Siniša
Published: May 2023

Hans-Herbert Kögler offers an insightful analysis and a potent moral call to support the defence of Ukraine. This is a sensible moral position that I also share. However, I question Kögler’s approach which overemphasises the ethical arguments alone. I argue that wars do not allow for moral absolutism of any kind and that the best one can do in the conditions of warfare is to endorse a version of contextual morality. Furthermore, I make a case for using the accumulated knowledge of historical sociology to understand the dynamics of war in Ukraine. Building on this knowledge one can advance a multipart argument that favours the continuous support for the defence of Ukraine.
Supporting dementia care by monitoring indoor environmental quality in a nursing home
Authors: Ma Chuan , Guerra-Santin Olivia , Grave Anne , Mohammadi Masi
Published: May 2023

The indoor environment quality in care facilities impacts residents’ daily lives. Sensor technology has been proven useful in evaluating the indoor environment of buildings, but the process of using this information to improve residents’ comfort, specifically in the context of nursing homes, is still underdeveloped. Thus, this study focuses on monitoring indoor environmental quality in a nursing home in the Netherlands, supported by professional caregivers’ insights. A campaign was conducted for one year to monitor eight rooms, and a mixed-method approach was used to collect and analyse the data on local weather, building facility operation and proxies’ responses to residents’ comfort. Seventeen care professionals and twenty-two guardians (visitors) answered questions based on their opinions and observation. The results show that the low indoor humidity during heating seasons and high CO2 concentration at night were the main factors leading to environment-related symptoms of residents and care professionals, such as dry eyes. Furthermore, we found that data outliers can help to reveal residents’ occupancy, ventilation habits and activity time, thus showing the application value of environmental sensors in dementia care. We also recommend using non-intrusive sensors for nursing home residents and taking into account room layouts and occupants’ conditions before installing sensors.
‘Military timescapes’: The corporeal experience of time in an Israel defense forces reserve combat unit
Authors: Stern Nehemia
Published: May 2023

This article explores the concept of time among combat reservists in the Israel Defense Forces. Most ethnographic studies of temporality tend to focus on how time’s passage is measured or ‘reckoned’ within varying cultural contexts. In contrast, this article looks to the more corporeal and embodied aspects of the human experience of time. It argues that within Israeli military contexts time is experienced as a near material-like substance that imposes itself – in a very physical way – upon the bodies of combat soldiers. In this sense, the ‘military timescape’ is experienced as a sort of malleable substance that the physical donning of a military uniform can transcend, alter, and refract. A detailed ethnographic exploration of time’s corporeal dimensions offers anthropologists a temporal, as opposed to a spatial, paradigm for engaging with some of the unique sociocultural phenomena of militarism and of military reserve service more specifically.
Disparities in self-reported healthcare access for airways disease in British Columbia, Canada, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Insights from a survey co-developed with people living with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Collins-Fairclough Aneisha , Barn Prabjit , Hirsch-Allen AJ , Rideout Karen , Shellington Erin M , Lo Winnie , Lanier Tony , Johnson Jim , Butcher Adam , Cheong Sian-Hoe , Rempel Carmen , Strydom Nardia , Camp Pat G , Carlsten Christopher
Published: May 2023

Patients’ perspectives on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their access to asthma and COPD healthcare could inform better, more equitable care delivery. We demonstrate this topic using British Columbia (BC), Canada, where the impact of the pandemic has not been described. We co-designed a cross-sectional survey with patient partners and administered it to a convenience sample of people living with asthma and COPD in BC between September 2020 and March 2021. We aimed to understand how access to healthcare for these conditions was affected during the pandemic. The survey asked respondents to report their characteristics, access to healthcare for asthma and COPD, types of services they found disrupted and telehealth (telephone or video appointment) use during the pandemic. We analysed 433 responses and found that access to healthcare for asthma and COPD was lower during the pandemic than pre-pandemic ( p < 0.001). Specialty care services were most frequently reported as disrupted, while primary care, home care and diagnostics were least disrupted. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that access during the pandemic was positively associated with self-assessed financial ability (OR = 22.0, 95% CI: 7.0 – 84.0, p < 0.001, reference is disagreeing with having financial ability) and living in medium-sized urban areas (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.0 – 5.2, p = 0.04, reference is rural areas). These disparities in access should be validated post-pandemic to confirm whether they still persist. They also indicate the continued relevance of exploring approaches for more equitable healthcare.
Local Implementation of Move Your Way—A Federal Communications Campaign to Promote the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans
Authors: Olscamp Kate , Polster Malorie , Barnett Elizabeth Y. , Momot Mikaela A. , Oziel Rachel N. , Bevington Frances
Published: May 2023

Background. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) developed the Move Your Way campaign to help more Americans increase their physical activity. The campaign includes more than 80 English and Spanish materials that can be used to promote physical activity. HHS also developed a community-based implementation strategy for the campaign. Methods. HHS collaborated with eight community-based organizations from across the United States to pilot campaign implementation in their communities. A mixed-methods process evaluation was conducted to assess events, partnership involvement, material distribution, and social media engagement. Results. More than 168,000 people participated in 55 campaign events, initiatives, and programs hosted by lead organizations and their 175 partners. More than 37,000 campaign materials were distributed, and there were over 72 million social media impressions. Conclusion. The community-based implementation strategy was effective at reaching the intended audience and driving traffic to Move Your Way resources. The flexibility of the Move Your Way materials and messages allowed communities to incorporate the campaign into diverse physical activity–promotion strategies. Findings demonstrate that the federal government and local community organizations can successfully work together to promote physical activity.
Nationalization of Spatiotemporal Artifacts: National Chronotope, Authenticity, and Local Colors in Danish TV Dramas
Authors: Kaptan Yeşim
Published: May 2023

This article investigates the conceptualization of spatiality and temporality in television drama series in the age of extensive digital media consumption by focusing on Turkish audiences’ reception of Danish TV dramas. Based on the empirical data collected through extended fieldwork in Turkey, and relying on Bakhtin’s concept of chronotope (spacetime), I analyze how research participants negotiate socio-geographical features, as well as both spatial and temporal textual representations signifying Danish culture and society by delineating “authenticity” and “local color” to distinct spatiotemporal cues in Danish TV drama series. This study reveals that by critically articulating notions of authenticity and local color as distinguishing markers of a particular spacetime, Turkish audiences employ these concepts as strategies to define “national chronotope” which provides a middle ground for reconciliation between the facticity of the geographical place and mediated images of space, as well as factuality of time and local temporalities on screen.
Neurophysiological monitoring during endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations: A meta-analysis
Authors: Diana Francesco , Romoli Michele , Sabuzi Federico , Rouchaud Aymeric , Mounayer Charbel , Forestier Géraud , Tomasello Alejandro , Requena Manuel , Hernández David , Lascuevas Marta De Dios , Cuevas José Luis , Peschillo Simone , Caroff Jildaz , Nguyen Thanh N. , Abdalkader Mohamad , Da Ros Valerio
Published: May 2023

Background

Treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations (b-AVM) carries a risk of iatrogenic injury to eloquent brain regions. Intraoperative neuro-monitoring (IONM) has increasingly been used to monitor spontaneous or evoked neural activity during neurosurgery, but its use is not as well characterized in the endovascular treatment (EVT) of b-AVMs. We aimed to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting any neurological deficit after b-AVM embolization with IONM, with or without provocative test (PT), and no-IONM.

Methods

This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Medline, EMBASE, and Scopus were searched from conception until March 1, 2022 for studies evaluating EVT with IONM and PT. Primary outcome was the rate of postoperative neurological deficits in EVT with IONM versus no-IONM, while secondary outcome was the subanalysis of IONM with or without PT. Meta-analysis was performed using the Mantel–Haenszel method and random effects modeling.

Results

Six studies reached synthesis. Out of a total of 192 EVT, 14 events occurred. Results demonstrated a nonsignificant trend favoring IONM compared to no-IONM to prevent neurological deficits (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0–4.68). Among the EVT with IONM, PT was done in 411 branches with 10 events (0.2%) despite a negative PT. There was a nonsignificant trend favoring IONM plus PT compared to IONM without PT (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.02–1.07).

Conclusions

Our study suggests that b-AVM EVT with IONM plus PT might reduce rates of postprocedural neurological deficits compared with EVT without IONM. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
Bio+Mine Project: Empowering the Community to Develop a Site-Specific System for the Rehabilitation of a Legacy Mine
Authors: Alonzo Dennis , Tabelin Carlito Baltazar , Dalona Irish Mae , Beltran Arnel , Orbecido Aileen , Villacorte-Tabelin Mylah , Resabal Vannie Joy , Promentilla Michael Angelo , Brito-Parada Pablo , Plancherel Yves , Jungblut Anne D. , Armstrong Robin , Santos Ana , Schofield Paul F. , Herrington Richard
Published: May 2023

The rehabilitation of legacy mines continues to be a big challenge because of the difficulties in returning them to safe and stable conditions and ensuring that the mined-out areas become productive to support the economic activity of the host community. Previous efforts are often focused on purely technical and environmental aspects, leading to resistance from the local community due to their exclusion from the rehabilitation process. To address the issues associated with legacy mines and lack of participation of the community, we have developed a project, Biodiversity Positive Mining For The Net Zero Challenge (Bio + Mine), focusing on the abandoned Sto. Niño copper mine (Benguet, Philippines). The mine was closed in 1982 without a plan involving local stakeholders and leaving a significant ongoing negative legacy. Using the social-ecological-technological system framework, we will explore the intersections of the structure and functions of socio-economicdemographic, ecological, and technological data useful in devising a more inclusive mitigation strategy for the reconstruction of the supporting ecosystem. We aim to develop a site-specific system, underpinned by the local community's knowledge and practices, that can be a model for wider implementation in other legacy and active mines worldwide.
Strategizing early interventions to improve hemodialysis acceptance among chronic kidney disease patients
Authors: Mohamed Hussin Nur Atikah , Syed Jamaludin Shariffah Suraya
Published: May 2023

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is described as a global health crisis. Hemodialysis (HD) is a treatment that helps CKD patients prolong their lives. However, not all patients accept HD. To date, there is limited understanding of the factors for this resistance, especially in developing countries. This Phenomenological study employed individual telephone interviews with 35 CKD patients. The interview questions were related to the refusal factors of HD. Thematic analysis revealed six themes—concerns about becoming a burden to others, cost, age considerations, advice from others, fear regarding HD treatment, and self-healing plans. This study is vital to support medical social workers in strategizing early interventions to improve hemodialysis acceptance among CKD patients. The ability of medical social workers to understand these factors and tailor appropriate interventions will help improve the treatment acceptance and outcomes.
A modelling approach to studying variations in newborn life support procedure
Authors: Tan Alfian , Remenyte-Prescott Rasa , Valstar Michel , Sharkey Don
Published: May 2023

Variations in clinical practice are common. However, some variations may cause undesired consequences. Careful consideration of their causes and effects is necessary to assure the quality of healthcare delivery. A modelling approach that could capture these aspects would help to achieve this goal. In this paper, a Newborn Life Support procedure is modelled. This activity is considered prone to error with reduced outcomes for the patient. Hence, it is necessary to understand the nature of the activity and its variations. A Coloured Petri Net (CPN) approach and a simulation technique are used for this purpose. The CPN colours are used to represent the characteristics of babies and to control the flow of tokens representing the resuscitation procedure. Probabilistic modelling aspects include the duration of individual tasks, the choice of treatment and the condition of the baby. The model outputs consist of the percentage of babies with an unsatisfactory outcome, the percentage of babies who need full resuscitation, and the duration of the procedure until a satisfactory condition is achieved. The modelling approach is demonstrated using a number of scenarios on some common NLS variations, relating to the maximum number of ventilation and the probability of errors in the inflation procedure.
Political-Ideological Differences in Cultural Pessimism and Nostalgia Reflect People’s Evaluation of Their Nation’s Historical Developments
Authors: Lammers Joris , Uğurlar Pınar
Published: May 2023

Western conservatives are more focused on the past than are liberals: They experience stronger cultural pessimism and nostalgically yearn back for past society. We test the hypothesis that this ideological difference reflects long-term national-historical developments, by comparing ideological differences in the United States and Türkiye. Using archival data, Study 1 confirms that whereas U.S. society over the last century moved in a liberal direction, Turkish society recently shifted toward greater conservatism. Consistent with predictions, Studies 2 and 3 show that the relationship between political ideology and cultural pessimism is reversed in Türkiye, compared with the United States. Partially consistent with predictions, in both studies, the link between ideology and a nostalgic yearning for the past is attenuated (and essentially blocked) in Türkiye, although not reversed, compared with the United States. Together, these findings suggest that ideological differences in pessimism and nostalgia reflect, at least partially, objective differences in national-historical development.
Primary Care Team Perspectives on the Suitability of Telehealth Modality (Phone vs Video) at the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Cannedy Shay , Leung Lucinda , Wyte-Lake Tamar , Balut Michelle D. , Dobalian Aram , Heyworth Leonie , Paige Neil M. , Der-Martirosian Claudia
Published: May 2023

Introduction:

Telehealth has the potential to improve access and timeliness of care, enabling primary care teams to deliver hybrid (virtual/in-person) services that will likely extend beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. To optimize its use and sustainability, it is imperative to understand how primary care teams perceive the suitability of telehealth services, including appropriate choice of mode (telephone or video). However, there is limited research on providers’ decision-making processes surrounding telehealth use in primary care, including whether to use telephone or video, which this VA-focused study addresses. We examined how primary care (PC) team members determine whether to use telehealth and the mode of delivery, in the care of patients.

Methods:

Qualitative case study that included 15 semi-structured interviews with employees who provided or supported telehealth care at primary care clinics at the Veterans Health Administration. We used a team-based rapid analysis approach to identify experiences using telehealth soon after COVID-19’s emergence, consisting of the creation of structured summaries of each transcribed interview. The lead author then identified and compiled themes and sub-themes related to the suitability of telehealth in primary care, as well as associated quotes from transcripts. Resulting themes and quotes were reviewed and validated by 2 members of the project team.

Results:

Primary care team members considered several factors when assessing both the suitability of telehealth for appointments, and mode of use. They were largely guided by patient-related factors including patient preferences, specific health issues, and access to technology. Additional considerations centered on team members’ personal preferences and factors that supported the wellbeing of the team, such as the flexibility to work from home (work-life balance) and protection from infection. Generally, participants viewed the option of both telephone and video telehealth modalities as useful tools in the care of patients although a few respondents emphasized its inferiority to in-person care.

Conclusions:

Determining the suitability of telehealth services, including appropriate choice of mode is complex. Its suitability is tied to a variety of factors related to multilevel resources, preferences, and timing. When appropriate, telehealth should be considered a useful tool in the care of patients and for employee well-being.
The Examination of the Mediator Role of Optimism, Self-Compassion, Altruism and Gratitude in the Relationship Between Cognitive Distortions and Forgiveness of Emerging Adults
Authors: Uzun Kıvanç , Karataş Zeynep
Published: May 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate whether optimism, self-compassion, altruism, and gratitude act as mediators in the relationship between cognitive distortions and emerging adults' forgiveness of themselves, others, and situations. The sample consisted of 488 university students in their emerging adulthood, comprising 66.20% females and 33.80% males, ranging in age from 18 to 32 years ( M = 20.32, SD = 2.43). The data were collected using a demographic information form and six self-report scales. In addition to descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Bootstrap Analysis were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that optimism, self-compassion, altruism, and gratitude significantly mediated the relationship between cognitive distortions and forgiveness of self ( b = −.109, %95 BCA CI [−.133 to −.086]), others ( b = −.096, %95 BCA CI [−.117 to −.076]), and situations ( b = −.099, %95 BCA CI [−.117 to −.082]). Self-compassion ( K2 = −.14) was found to be the strongest mediator in the self-forgiveness model, followed by altruism ( K2 = −.19) in the forgiveness of others model, and optimism ( K2 = −.27) in the forgiveness of situations model. The study highlights the potential use of positive psychology concepts such as optimism, self-compassion, altruism, and gratitude to reduce the negative effect of cognitive distortions on emerging adults' forgiveness and to enhance their forgiveness skills.
Radiographic retrospective cohort on medial tibial bone loss for fixed bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty at a three-year period
Authors: Wong Kwok Hei Arthur , Lee Qunn Jid , Wong Daniel Wai Yip , Yu Lok-man Ellen
Published: May 2023

Background: Early post-operative medial tibial bone loss in both unicompartmental knee replacement and total knee replacement has been reported in our previous studies and many other studies. Significant bone loss can contribute to a tibial stress fracture, bone pain and early implant failure. The bone loss appeared to be greater in total knee replacement. Therefore, the aim of the study is to look for any significant difference in medial tibial bone loss in both unicompartmental knee replacement and total knee replacement in the first 3 years and to investigate the underlying pathophysiology. Methods: Cases of fixed-bearing unicompartmental knee replacement and posterior stabilising total knee replacement performed in 2015–2016 were recruited. The change in medial tibial bone loss (expressed in grayscale Gy) over a three-year post-operative period was measured using the method of digital radiological densitometry. Potential predictors and correlations were analysed. Results: Forty-four cases of unicompartmental knee replacement and 52 cases of total knee replacement were recruited. The cumulative drop in 3 years was 23.3% in unicompartmental knee replacement and 33.7% in total knee replacement, respectively, a difference of up to 10%. The cumulative drop between the two groups at 12 months ( p < 0.05) and 36 months ( p < 0.05), respectively, were significantly different. Angle correction has not been shown to affect medial tibial bone loss in this study. No surgical complication was documented during the follow-up period. Conclusion: Total knee replacement results in 10% greater medial tibial bone loss than unicompartmental knee replacement at the three-year time. The effect is greatest in the first year. In addition to possible stress shielding, early physiological bone remodelling in response to surgical trauma can contribute to the difference in medial tibial bone loss of unicompartmental knee replacement and total knee replacement. This is supported by the insignificant correlation between angle correction and medial tibial bone loss in the result.
Estimating the Under-ascertainment of COVID-19 cases in Toronto, Ontario, March to May 2020
Authors: Desta Binyam N , Ota Sylvia , Gournis Effie , Pires Sara M , Greer Amy L , Dodd Warren , Majowicz Shannon E
Published: May 2023

Background:

Public health surveillance data do not always capture all cases, due in part to test availability and health care seeking behaviour. Our study aimed to estimate under-ascertainment multipliers for each step in the reporting chain for COVID-19 in Toronto, Canada.

Design and methods:

We applied stochastic modeling to estimate these proportions for the period from March 2020 (the beginning of the pandemic) through to May 23, 2020, and for three distinct windows with different laboratory testing criteria within this period.

Results:

For each laboratory-confirmed symptomatic case reported to Toronto Public Health during the entire period, the estimated number of COVID-19 infections in the community was 18 (5th and 95th percentile: 12, 29). The factor most associated with under-reporting was the proportion of those who sought care that received a test.

Conclusions:

Public health officials should use improved estimates to better understand the burden of COVID-19 and other similar infections.
Risk of Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Injury Within the First Year After a Concussion
Authors: Roach Megan H. , Aderman Michael J. , Ross Jeremy D. , Kelly Tim F. , Malvasi Steven R. , Posner Matthew A. , Svoboda Steven J. , Pasquina Paul F. , Cameron Kenneth L.
Published: May 2023

Background:

Emerging evidence suggests that athletes and military personnel are at increased risk for lower extremity musculoskeletal injury after a concussion; however, the association between concussion and subsequent upper extremity (UE) musculoskeletal injury is unknown.

Purpose:

To prospectively examine the association between concussion and UE musculoskeletal injury risk within the first year after returning to unrestricted activity.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

A total of 316 cases of concussion 42% (132/316 women) were observed among 5660 Concussion Assessment, Research and Education Consortium participants at the United States Military Academy from May 2015 to June 2018. Active injury surveillance within the cohort was conducted for 12 months after unrestricted return to activity to identify any incident cases of acute UE musculoskeletal injury. Injury surveillance during the follow-up period was also conducted for nonconcussed controls who were matched by sex and competitive sport level. Univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios between concussed cases and nonconcussed controls for time to UE musculoskeletal injury.

Results:

During the surveillance period, 19.3% of concussed cases and 9.2% of nonconcussed controls sustained a UE injury. In the univariate model, concussed cases were 2.25 times (95% CI, 1.45-3.51) more likely to sustain a UE injury during the 12-month follow-up period when compared with the nonconcussed controls. In the multivariable model, adjusted for history of concussion, sport level, somatization, and history of UE injury, concussed cases were 1.84 times (95% CI, 1.10-3.07) more likely to sustain a UE injury during the surveillance period compared with nonconcussed controls. Sport level remained an independent risk factor for UE musculoskeletal injury; however, concussion history, somatization, and history of UE injury were not independent risk factors.

Conclusion:

Concussed cases were more than twice as likely to sustain an acute UE musculoskeletal injury within the first 12 months after unrestricted return to activity when compared with nonconcussed controls. The higher hazard of injury remained in the concussed group after adjusting for other potential risk factors.
Comparison of the PROMIS and iHOT-12 in Determining Satisfaction Levels After Hip Arthroscopy for FAIS
Authors: Martin RobRoy L. , Harris Joshua D. , Ellis Thomas , Kollmorgen Robert
Published: May 2023

Background:

The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) has not been fully evaluated for outcomes assessment after hip arthroscopy to correct femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS).

Purpose/Hypothesis:

The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of the PROMIS Physical Function (PF) and Pain Interference (PI) subscales with the 12-Item International Hip Outcome Tool (iHOT-12) to define patients with 3 unique substantial clinical benefit (SCB) scores—patients who reported ≥80%, ≥90%, and 100% satisfaction at 1 year after hip arthroscopy for FAIS. We hypothesized that the iHOT-12 would be more accurate than the PROMIS-PF and PROMIS-PI subscales in identifying these 3 patient groups.

Study Design:

Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2.

Methods:

We reviewed the records of patients who underwent hip arthroscopy for symptomatic FAIS at 3 centers from January 2019 through June 2021 and had 1-year clinical and radiographic follow-up data. Patients completed the iHOT-12, PROMIS-PF, and PROMIS-PI on initial assessment and at 1 year (±30 days) postoperatively. Postoperative satisfaction was reported on an 11-category scale with anchors defined as “0% satisfied” and “100% satisfied.” Receiver operator characteristic analysis was performed to determine the absolute SCB values for the iHOT-12 and PROMIS subscales that would most accurately identify those patients who reported ≥80%, ≥90%, and 100% satisfaction. Area under the curve (AUC) values and 95% CIs for the 3 instruments were compared.

Results:

Included were 163 patients (111 [68%] women and 52 [32%] men), with a mean age of 26.1 years. Corresponding absolute SCB scores for patients who reported ≥80%, ≥90%, and 100% satisfaction were as follows: iHOT-12, 68.4, 72.1, 74.7; PROMIS-PF, 45, 47.7, 49.9; and PROMIS-PI, 55.9, 52.4, 51.9. The AUC ranged between 0.67 and 0.82, with overlapping 95% CIs indicating a minimal difference in accuracy between the 3 instruments. Sensitivity and specificity values ranged between 0.61 and 0.82.

Conclusion:

The PROMIS-PF and PROMIS-PI subscales were as accurate as the iHOT-12 in defining absolute SCB scores for patients reporting ≥80%, ≥90%, and 100% satisfaction at 1-year follow-up after hip arthroscopy for FAIS.
Comparative analysis of teaching content of high school Chinese textbooks in South Korea: Focused on phonology, morphology, syntax, Chinese characters and pragmatics
Authors: Jang Eun Young , Park Heung Soo
Published: May 2023

This study attempted to examine the characteristics of current high school Chinese textbooks by comparing and analyzing the educational content of 11 Chinese textbooks by linguistic element. Specifically, the 11 textbooks were compared based on their educational contents on linguistic elements such as phonetics, vocabulary, grammar, Chinese characters and culture, and organized by their unique characteristics. With respect to vocabulary education in particular, the percentage of basic vocabulary in the 11 textbooks varied from 64% to 86%, but, in general, all textbooks included more than two-thirds of basic vocabulary. Additionally, they utilized various teaching methods to teach vocabulary, and actively used real-life activities or games that piqued students’ interest. With respect to grammar education, they generally all covered the contents suggested in the 2015 revised curriculum, but there was a lack of diversity in teaching and learning methods and the need to plan new teaching methods that would keep students engaged. Lastly, some textbooks introduced the Chinese language and China in general in relation to linked subjects; these connections can help students to develop a deeper and broader understanding of China and the Chinese language and is in line with the goal of fostering creative convergence talents outlined in the 2015 revised curriculum. Moving forward, various teaching and learning methods should be designed to keep students interested and engaged in China and learning the Chinese language.
Indigenous cartographies and mapping abundance
Authors: Louis Renee M Pualani
Published: May 2023

Indigenous cartographies developed in Indigenous homelands in response to the distinctive relationships each Indigenous community had with its respective environments. Oftentimes, these cartographies are embedded in important cultural practices and maintained through mentored learning processes. The spatial knowledge recorded and shared in these systems encourages an attitude of environmental care and sustainable accountability. Returning to these systems has been instrumental for Indigenous communities who are reconnecting with their ancestral wisdom. Including these perspectives in classrooms by adding the articles from this special double edition to reading lists will expand the depth of discussions geographers have about Indigenous research and their responsibilities (as opposed to roles) to the process.
CD38 as a pan-hematologic target for chimeric antigen receptor T cells
Authors: Glisovic-Aplenc Tina , Diorio Caroline , Chukinas John A. , Veliz Kimberly , Shestova Olga , Shen Feng , Nunez-Cruz Selene , Vincent Tiffaney L. , Miao Fei , Milone Michael C. , June Carl H. , Teachey David T. , Tasian Sarah K. , Aplenc Richard , Gill Saar
Published: May 2023

Many hematologic malignancies are not curable with chemotherapy and require novel therapeutic approaches. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is 1 such approach that involves the transfer of T cells engineered to express CARs for a specific cell-surface antigen. CD38 is a validated tumor antigen in multiple myeloma (MM) and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and is also overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we developed human CD38-redirected T cells (CART-38) as a unified approach to treat 3 different hematologic malignancies that occur across the pediatric-to-adult age spectrum. Importantly, CD38 expression on activated T cells did not impair CART-38 cells expansion or in vitro function. In xenografted mice, CART-38 mediated the rejection of AML, T-ALL, and MM cell lines and primary samples and prolonged survival. In a xenograft model of normal human hematopoiesis, CART-38 resulted in the expected reduction of hematopoietic progenitors, which warrants caution and careful monitoring of this potential toxicity when translating this new immunotherapy into the clinic. Deploying CART-38 against multiple CD38-expressing malignancies is significant because it expands the potential for this novel therapy to affect diverse patient populations.
Matrix stiffness controls megakaryocyte adhesion, fibronectin fibrillogenesis, and proplatelet formation through Itgβ3
Authors: Guinard Ines , Nguyen Thao , Brassard-Jollive Noémie , Weber Josiane , Ruch Laurie , Reininger Laura , Brouard Nathalie , Eckly Anita , Collin Dominique , Lanza François , Léon Catherine
Published: May 2023

Megakaryocytes (MKs) are the precursor cells of platelets, located in the bone marrow (BM). Once mature, they extend elongated projections named proplatelets through sinusoid vessels, emerging from the marrow stroma into the circulating blood. Not all signals from the microenvironment that regulate proplatelet formation are understood, particularly those from the BM biomechanics. We sought to investigate how MKs perceive and adapt to modifications of the stiffness of their environment. Although the BM is one of the softest tissue of the body, its rigidification results from excess fibronectin (FN), and other matrix protein deposition occur upon myelofibrosis. Here, we have shown that mouse MKs are able to detect the stiffness of a FN-coated substrate and adapt their morphology accordingly. Using a polydimethylsiloxane substrate with stiffness varying from physiological to pathological marrow, we found that a stiff matrix favors spreading, intracellular contractility, and FN fibrils assembly at the expense of proplatelet formation. Itgb3, but not Itgb1, is required for stiffness sensing, whereas both integrins are involved in fibrils assembly. In contrast, soft substrates promote proplatelet formation in an Itgb3-dependent manner, consistent with the ex vivo decrease in proplatelet formation and the in vivo decrease in platelet number in Itgb3-deficient mice. Our findings demonstrate the importance of environmental stiffness for MK functions with potential pathophysiological implications during pathologies that deregulate FN deposition and modulate stiffness in the marrow.
Long-term follow-up of rituximab plus bendamustine and cytarabine in older patients with newly diagnosed MCL
Authors: Tisi Maria Chiara , Moia Riccardo , Patti Caterina , Evangelista Andrea , Ferrero Simone , Spina Michele , Tani Monica , Botto Barbara , Celli Melania , Puccini Benedetta , Cencini Emanuele , Di Rocco Alice , Chini Claudio , Ghiggi Chiara , Zambello Renato , Zanni Manuela , Sciarra Roberta , Bruna Riccardo , Ferrante Martina , Pileri Stefano Alessandro , Quaglia Francesca Maria , Stelitano Caterina , Re Alessandro , Volpetti Stefano , Zilioli Vittorio Ruggero , Arcari Annalisa , Merli Francesco , Visco Carlo
Published: May 2023

The combination of rituximab, bendamustine, and low-dose cytarabine (R-BAC) has been studied in a phase 2 prospective multicenter study from Fondazione Italiana Linfomi (RBAC500). In 57 previously untreated elderly patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), R-BAC was associated with a complete remission rate of 91% and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) of 81% (95% confidence interval [CI], 68-89). Here, we report the long-term survival outcomes, late toxicities, and results of minimal residual disease (MRD) evaluation. After a median follow-up of 86 months (range, 57-107 months), the median overall survival (OS) and PFS were not reached. The 7-year PFS and OS rates were 55% (95% CI, 41-67), and 63% (95% CI, 49-74), respectively. Patients who responded (n = 53) had a 7-year PFS of 59% (95% CI, 44-71), with no relapse or progression registered after the sixth year. In the multivariate analysis, blastoid/pleomorphic morphology was the strongest adverse predictive factor for PFS (P = .04). Patients with an end of treatment negative MRD had better, but not significant, outcomes for both PFS and OS than patients with MRD-positive (P = 0.148 and P = 0.162, respectively). There was no signal of late toxicity or an increase in secondary malignancies during the prolonged follow-up. In conclusion, R-BAC, which was not followed by maintenance therapy, showed sustained efficacy over time in older patients with MCL. Survival outcomes compare favorably with those of other immunochemotherapy regimens (with or without maintenance), including combinations of BTK inhibitors upfront. This study was registered with EudraCT as 2011-005739-23 and at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01662050.
A randomized comparison of CPX-351 and FLAG-Ida in adverse karyotype AML and high-risk MDS: the UK NCRI AML19 trial
Authors: Othman Jad , Wilhelm-Benartzi Charlotte , Dillon Richard , Knapper Steve , Freeman Sylvie D. , Batten Leona M. , Canham Joanna , Hinson Emily L. , Wych Julie , Betteridge Sophie , Villiers William , Kleeman Michelle , Gilkes Amanda , Potter Nicola , Overgaard Ulrik Malthe , Mehta Priyanka , Kottaridis Panagiotis , Cavenagh Jamie , Hemmaway Claire , Arnold Claire , Dennis Mike , Russell Nigel H.
Published: May 2023

Liposomal daunorubicin and cytarabine (CPX-351) improved overall survival (OS) compared with 7+3 chemotherapy in older patients with secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML); to date, there have been no randomized studies in younger patients. The high-risk cohort of the UK NCRI AML19 trial (ISRCTN78449203) compared CPX-351 with FLAG-Ida in younger adults with newly diagnosed adverse cytogenetic AML or high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). A total of 189 patients were randomized (median age, 56 years). Per clinical criteria, 49% of patients had de novo AML, 20% had secondary AML, and 30% had high-risk MDS. MDS-related cytogenetics were present in 73% of the patients, with a complex karyotype in 49%. TP53 was the most common mutated gene, in 43%. Myelodysplasia-related gene mutations were present in 75 (44%) patients. The overall response rate (CR + CRi) after course 2 was 64% and 76% for CPX-351 and FLAG-Ida, respectively. There was no difference in OS (13.3 months vs 11.4 months) or event-free survival in multivariable analysis. However, relapse-free survival was significantly longer with CPX-351 (median 22.1 vs 8.35 months). There was no difference between the treatment arms in patients with clinically defined secondary AML or those with MDS-related cytogenetic abnormalities; however, an exploratory subgroup of patients with MDS-related gene mutations had significantly longer OS with CPX-351 (median 38.4 vs 16.3 months). In conclusion, the OS of younger patients with adverse risk AML/MDS was not significantly different between CPX-351 and FLAG-Ida.
Comparison of Illumina and Oxford Nanopore Technology for genome analysis of Francisella tularensis, Bacillus anthracis, and Brucella suis
Authors: Linde Jörg , Brangsch Hanka , Hölzer Martin , Thomas Christine , Elschner Mandy C. , Melzer Falk , Tomaso Herbert
Published: May 2023

Background

Bacterial epidemiology needs to understand the spread and dissemination of strains in a One Health context. This is important for highly pathogenic bacteria such as Bacillus anthracis, Brucella species, and Francisella tularensis. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) has paved the way for genetic marker detection and high-resolution genotyping. While such tasks are established for Illumina short-read sequencing, Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) long-read sequencing has yet to be evaluated for such highly pathogenic bacteria with little genomic variations between strains. In this study, three independent sequencing runs were performed using Illumina, ONT flow cell version 9.4.1, and 10.4 for six strains of each of Ba. anthracis, Br. suis and F. tularensis. Data from ONT sequencing alone, Illumina sequencing alone and two hybrid assembly approaches were compared.

Results

As previously shown, ONT produces ultra-long reads, while Illumina produces short reads with higher sequencing accuracy. Flow cell version 10.4 improved sequencing accuracy over version 9.4.1. The correct (sub-)species were inferred from all tested technologies, individually. Moreover, the sets of genetic markers for virulence, were almost identical for the respective species. The long reads of ONT allowed to assemble not only chromosomes of all species to near closure, but also virulence plasmids of Ba. anthracis. Assemblies based on nanopore data alone, Illumina data alone, and both hybrid assemblies correctly detected canonical (sub-)clades for Ba. anthracis and F. tularensis as well as multilocus sequence types for Br. suis.

For F. tularensis, high-resolution genotyping using core-genome MLST (cgMLST) and core-genome Single-Nucleotide-Polymorphism (cgSNP) typing produced highly comparable results between data from Illumina and both ONT flow cell versions. For Ba. anthracis, only data from flow cell version 10.4 produced similar results to Illumina for both high-resolution typing methods. However, for Br. suis, high-resolution genotyping yielded larger differences comparing Illumina data to data from both ONT flow cell versions.

Conclusions

In summary, combining data from ONT and Illumina for high-resolution genotyping might be feasible for F. tularensis and Ba. anthracis, but not yet for Br. suis. The ongoing improvement of nanopore technology and subsequent data analysis may facilitate high-resolution genotyping for all bacteria with highly stable genomes in future.
7-year outcomes in diabetic patients after coronary artery bypass graft in a developing country
Authors: Pezeshki Parmida Sadat , Masoudkabir Farzad , Pashang Mina , Vasheghani-Farahani Ali , Jalali Arash , Sadeghian Saeed , Hosseini Kaveh , Mansourian Soheil , Momtahan Shahram , Karimi Abbasali
Published: May 2023

Background

Revascularization in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease remains a challenge in cardiology practice. Although clinical trials have reported the mid-term superiority of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery over percutaneous coronary intervention in these patients, little is known about the long-term outcomes of CABG in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetics, particularly in developing countries.

Methods

Between 2007 and 2016, we recruited all patients who underwent isolated CABG in a tertiary care cardiovascular center in a developing country. The patients were followed at 3–6 months and 12 months after surgery, and then annually. The study endpoints were 7-year all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE).

Results

Of 23,873 patients (17,529 males, mean age 65.67 years) who underwent CABG, 9227 (38.65%) patients were diagnosed with diabetes. After adjustment for potential confounders, patients with diabetes experienced a 31% increase in MACCE seven years after surgery compared to the non-diabetic patients (HR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.25–1.38, P-value < 0.0001). Meanwhile, diabetes contributes to a 52% increase in the risk of all-cause mortality after CABG (HR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.42–1.61, P-value < 0.0001).

Conclusions

Our study showed a higher risk of all-cause mortality and MACCE at seven years in diabetic patients undergoing isolated CABG. The outcomes in the studied center in a developing country were comparable to western centers. The high incidence of adverse outcomes in the long term in diabetic patients implies that not only short-term but long-term measures should be taken to improve the CABG outcomes in this challenging patient population.
Establishing minimal clinically important differences for the Quality of Life Instrument of Chronic Gastritis QLICD-CG(V2.0) based on distribution-based methods
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Chen Ying , Wan Chonghua , Yu Lei , Lei Pingguang , Sun Xiaoyuan
Published: May 2023

Background

To establish the lowest score reflecting meaningful changes from the perspective of patients is very important for explaining the results of patient reports. The measurement scale of quality of life in patients with chronic gastritis has been used in clinical practice, but the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) has not been worked out. In this paper, we use a distribution-based method to calculate the MCID of the scale QLICD-CG (Quality of Life Instruments for Chronic Diseases- Chronic Gastritis) (V2.0).

Methods

The QLICD-CG(V2.0) scale was used to evaluate the quality of life in patients with chronic gastritis. Since the methods for developing MCID were diverse and there was no uniform standard, we took MCID developed by anchor-based method as the gold standard, and compared the MCID of QLICD-CG(V2.0) scale developed by various distribution-based methods for selection. Standard deviation method (SD), effect size method (ES), standardized response mean method (SRM), standard error of measurement method (SEM) and reliable change index method (RCI) are given in the distribution-based methods.

Results

A total of 163 patients, with an average age of (52.37 ± 12.96) years old, were calculated according to the various methods and formulas given by the distribution-based method, and the results were compared with the gold standard. It was suggested that the results of the SEM method at the moderate effect (1.96) should be taken as the preferred MCID of the distribution-based method. And thus the MCID of the physical domain, psychological domain, social domain, general module, specific module and total score of the QLICD-CG(V2.0) scale were 9.29, 13.59, 9.27, 8.29, 13.49 and 7.86, respectively.

Conclusions

With anchor-based method as the gold standard, each method in distribution-based method has its own advantages and disadvantages. In this paper, 1.96SEM was found to have a good effect on the minimum clinically significant difference of the QLICD-CG(V2.0) scale, and it is recommended as the preferred method to establish MCID.