bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic anti‐IgE monoclonal antibody single chain variable fragment (scFv) safety and immunomodulatory effects after one time injection in four dogs
Authors: Hammerberg Bruce , Eguiluz‐Hernandez Sitka
Published: July 2016

Background

The therapeutic monoclonal antibody omalizumab that is specific for IgE has proven to be an effective addition to the treatment of allergic disease in humans.

Hypothesis/Objectives

The aims of this study were to demonstrate the safety and immunomodulating effects of a single injection of a monoclonal antibody single chain variable fragments (scFv) specific for canine IgE in normal dogs.

Animals

Three normal dogs were bled for EDTA whole blood samples for 112 days post‐injection (dpi). A fourth dog was monitored for 28 days.

Methods

Anti‐IgE scFv was pegylated to minimize scFv dimerization. Four normal dogs were injected once subcutaneously with anti‐IgE scFv at 1 mg/kg. Flow cytometry was performed on whole blood. Plasma levels of IgE were measured by ELISA.

Results

None of the four dogs showed signs of anaphylaxis. All dogs demonstrated decreases in IgE(+) cells in lymphocyte‐gated events by 14 dpi. Dogs C and D returned to pre‐injection levels by 21 days, whereas dogs A and B remained below pre‐injection levels until Day 112. Similar differences were seen in IgE‐bearing granulocyte‐gated cells. Free plasma IgE decreased below pre‐injection levels by 47% in Dog A and by 52% in Dog B at 112 days. Dogs C and D did not change by more than 32% from preinjection levels.

Conclusion

A single injection of monomeric, pegylated scFv with high affinity for dog IgE was demonstrated to be safe. Marked reduction in IgE‐bearing lymphocytes and granulocytes accompanied by reduced “free” plasma IgE level in two of four dogs is analogous to omalizumab in humans.
The usefulness of dermoscopy in canine pattern alopecia: a descriptive study
Authors: Zanna Giordana , Roccabianca Paola , Zini Eric , Legnani Sara , Scarampella Fabia , Arrighi Silvana , Tosti Antonella
Published: July 2016

Background

Dermoscopic studies evaluating noninflammatory, nonpruritic progressive alopecia attributable to pattern alopecia are currently unavailable.

Hypothesis/objectives

To evaluate the dermoscopic features observed in healthy skin of short coated dogs and compare these findings with those observed in dogs affected by pattern alopecia diagnosed by clinical and dermatopathological examination.

Animals

Thirty male and female, healthy, breed matched, young adult, short coated dogs (controls) and 30 male and female, young adult, short coated dogs affected by pattern alopecia.

Methods

Dermoscopy was performed with a Fotofinder II videodermoscope equipped with software that allowed the measurement of structures visualized in magnified images (20×–40×–70×). Skin biopsy samples were obtained from the thorax and evaluated dermoscopically for dermoscopic–histological correlation in affected dogs.

Results

Dermoscopic findings in canine pattern alopecia were hair shaft thinning, circle hairs and follicular keratin plugs; in the affected sun exposed areas there was a honeycomb‐like pattern of pigmentation. Arborizing red lines reflecting vascularization were classified as a nonspecific finding because they were also common in healthy dogs. Dermoscopic features correlated with histology for selected hair follicle abnormalities.

Conclusions and clinical importance

Although canine pattern alopecia is a visually striking disease, this study supports the value of dermoscopy for clinical examination and also opens promising perspectives for the identification of diagnostic dermoscopic patterns that may be useful for other skin disorders.
Left–right coordination from simple to extreme conditions during split‐belt locomotion in the chronic spinal adult cat
Authors: Frigon Alain , Desrochers Étienne , Thibaudier Yann , Hurteau Marie‐France , Dambreville Charline
Published: July 2016

Key points

Coordination between the left and right sides is essential for dynamic stability during locomotion.

The immature or neonatal mammalian spinal cord can adjust to differences in speed between the left and right sides during split‐belt locomotion by taking more steps on the fast side.

We show that the adult mammalian spinal cord can also adjust its output so that the fast side can take more steps.

During split‐belt locomotion, only certain parts of the cycle are modified to adjust left–right coordination, primarily those associated with swing onset.

When the fast limb takes more steps than the slow limb, strong left–right interactions persist.

Therefore, the adult mammalian spinal cord has a remarkable adaptive capacity for left–right coordination, from simple to extreme conditions.

Although left–right coordination is essential for locomotion, its control is poorly understood, particularly in adult mammals. To investigate the spinal control of left–right coordination, a spinal transection was performed in six adult cats that were then trained to recover hindlimb locomotion. Spinal cats performed tied‐belt locomotion from 0.1 to 1.0 m s−1 and split‐belt locomotion with low to high (1:1.25–10) slow/fast speed ratios. With the left hindlimb stepping at 0.1 m s−1 and the right hindlimb stepping from 0.2 to 1.0 m s−1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5 left–right step relationships could appear. The appearance of 1:2+ relationships was not linearly dependent on the difference in speed between the slow and fast belts. The last step taken by the fast hindlimb displayed longer cycle, stance and swing durations and increased extensor activity, as the slow limb transitioned to swing. During split‐belt locomotion with 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 relationships, the timing of stance onset of the fast limb relative to the slow limb and placement of both limbs at contact were invariant with increasing slow/fast speed ratios. In contrast, the timing of stance onset of the slow limb relative to the fast limb and the placement of both limbs at swing onset were modulated with slow/fast speed ratios. Thus, left–right coordination is adjusted by modifying specific parts of the cycle. Results highlight the remarkable adaptive capacity of the adult mammalian spinal cord, providing insight into spinal mechanisms and sensory signals regulating left–right coordination.
Effect of Channel Inlet Blockage on the Wake Structure of a Rotationally Oscillating Cylinder
Authors: Kumar S.
Published: July 2016

This paper investigates, experimentally for the first time, the effect of channel inlet blockage induced by bringing the channel inlet walls closer together on the wake structure of a rotationally oscillating cylinder. The cylinder is placed symmetrically inside the channel inlet. The Reynolds number (based on constant upstream channel inlet freestream velocity) is 185, and three channel wall spacings of two, four, and eight cylinder diameters are used. Cylinder oscillation amplitudes vary from π/8 to π, and normalized forcing frequencies vary from 0 to 5. The diagnostics is done using hydrogen-bubble flow visualization, hot-wire anemometry, and particle image velocimetry (PIV). It is found that rotational oscillations induce inverted-vortex-street formation at channel width of two cylinder diameter where there is no shedding in unforced case. The channel wall boundary layers at this spacing undergo vortex-induced instability due to vortex shedding from cylinders and influence the mechanism of inverted-vortex-street formation near the cylinder. At channel width of four cylinder diameter, the inverted-vortex-street is still present but the mode shape change seen at normalized forcing frequency of 1.0 in the absence of channel walls is delayed due to the presence of nearby walls. The wake structure is observed to resemble the wake structure in unbounded domain case at channel width of eight cylinder diameter with some effect of channel walls on forcing parameters where mode shape change occurs. The lock-on diagram is influenced by the closeness of the channel walls, with low-frequency boundary moving to lower frequencies at smallest channel width.
A Nonlinear Computational Model of Tethered Underwater Kites for Power Generation
Authors: Ghasemi Amirmahdi , Olinger David J. , Tryggvason Gretar
Published: July 2016

The dynamic motion of tethered undersea kites (TUSK) is studied using numerical simulations. TUSK systems consist of a rigid winged-shaped kite moving in an ocean current. The kite is connected by tethers to a platform on the ocean surface or anchored to the seabed. Hydrodynamic forces generated by the kite are transmitted through the tethers to a generator on the platform to produce electricity. TUSK systems are being considered as an alternative to marine turbines since the kite can move at a high-speed, thereby increasing power production compared to conventional marine turbines. The two-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations are solved on a regular structured grid to resolve the ocean current flow, and a fictitious domain-immersed boundary method is used for the rigid kite. A projection method along with open multiprocessing (OpenMP) is employed to solve the flow equations. The reel-out and reel-in velocities of the two tethers are adjusted to control the kite angle of attack and the resultant hydrodynamic forces. A baseline simulation, where a high net power output was achieved during successive kite power and retraction phases, is examined in detail. The effects of different key design parameters in TUSK systems, such as the ratio of tether to current velocity, kite weight, current velocity, and the tether to kite chord length ratio, are then further studied. System power output, vorticity flow fields, tether tensions, and hydrodynamic coefficients for the kite are determined. The power output results are shown to be in good agreement with the established theoretical results for a kite moving in two dimensions.
Electrochemical Measurements for Real-Time Stochastic Reconstruction of Large-Scale Dynamics of a Separated Flow
Authors: Fadla F. , Graziani A. , Kerherve F. , Mathis R. , Lippert M. , Uystepruyst D. , Keirsbulck L.
Published: July 2016

The ability of electrochemical sensors to properly measure wall shear stress is here considered for using these sensors as potential candidates for time-resolved estimation of the large-scale activity occurring in the flow separation region downstream of a bump. The inflow Reynolds number considered, based on the channel full height and the incoming bulk velocity, is Reb= 1735. The methodology implemented consists in combining the electrochemical sensors with particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements and to build a model estimate of a low-order representation of the flow field. The model estimate is based on a multitime reformulation of the complementary technique. The present paper shows the potential of electrochemical sensors for properly resolving the low-frequency flapping mode whose control was recently shown to be a potential candidate to significantly reduce separation.
MULTISCALE FRACTAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HIERARCHICAL HETEROGENEITY IN SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS
Authors: LIU YANFENG , LIU YUETIAN , SUN LU , LIU JIAN
Published: July 2016

Heterogeneities affecting reservoirs often develop at different scales. Previous studies have described these heterogeneities using different parameters depending on their size, and there is no one comprehensive method of reservoir evaluation that considers every scale. This paper introduces a multiscale fractal approach to quantify consistently the hierarchical heterogeneities of sandstone reservoirs. Materials taken from typical depositional pattern and aerial photography are used to represent three main types of sandstone reservoir: turbidite, braided, and meandering river system. Subsequent multiscale fractal dimension analysis using the Bouligand–Minkowski method characterizes well the hierarchical heterogeneity of the sandstone reservoirs. The multiscale fractal dimension provides a curve function that describes the heterogeneity at different scales. The heterogeneity of a reservoir’s internal structure decreases as the observational scale increases. The shape of a deposit’s facies is vital for quantitative determination of the sedimentation type, and thus enhanced oil recovery. Characterization of hierarchical heterogeneity by multiscale fractal dimension can assist reservoir evaluation, geological modeling, and even the design of well patterns.
How Do Mobile Information Services Improve Quality of Life? The Case of Japanese Students
Authors: Ghyas Qazi Mahdia , Kondo Fumiyo N.
Published: July 2016

Every technology should be geared to improve the quality of users’ lives. Our study aims to understand how mobile information services (MIS) contribute to quality of life (QoL) for young mobile users. This paper attempts to provide a comprehensive analysis of relationship between two variables: the contribution of MIS in 15 specific life domains and the contribution of MIS to overall quality of life (QoL). We examined bottom-up spillover theory with original and our additional life domains. Eleven life domains derived from previous research include: leisure life, family life, friend life, cultural life, work life, community life, consumer life, financial life, health life, safety life, and self-life. Our proposed four life domains are: home-healthcare life, informational life, educational life and trustworthy life. Questionnaire surveys were conducted in Japan among young mobile users. We analyzed the data of 189 effective respondents. Results from this study clearly indicate that two variables (individual contribution and overall contribution) are valid and reliable to analyze. Contribution to the informational life has the highest influence on the overall contribution for Japanese young, followed by culture life, friend life, leisure life, educational life and work life.
Unraveling the electrical conduction of C-40 quasi-fullerene molecular junction
Authors: Kaur Rupan Preet , Sawhney Ravinder Singh , Engles Derick
Published: July 2016

In this paper, we present the state of art theoretical calculations of charge transport through quasi-fullerene molecule C40 coupled rigidly between two 3D gold electrodes by applying different electro-chemical potentials. The methodology we adopted has been based on density functional theory approach combined with Keldysh’s non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) framework suggested for mesoscopic systems. The results exhibited by this molecular junction confirmed it to be highly metallic and showed prominent conduction of the order of twice of the quantum conductance, i.e., 2*G[Formula: see text] at zero bias. Our results are consistent with theoretical predictions in ab initiocalculations with some variants of quasi-fullerenes.
Tradução, paródia, estilização: A propósito da tradução de Os Malavoglia para o português
Authors: Andrade Homero Freitas de
Published: July 2016

São tratadas questões de tradução literária, por meio do exame da metodologia utilizada e das soluções encontradas durante o processo de tradução para o português do romance Os Malavoglia, de G. Verga.
Memorie da un mondo negato: I frutti del mondo di Filippo Balatri
Authors: Scarlini Luca
Published: July 2016

Comenta-se a autobiografia poética de Filippo Balatri, I frutti del mondo, praticamente o único testemunho direto de um castrato sobre sua condição.
O Lugar e a Língua
Authors: Oliveira Vera Lúcia de
Published: July 2016

Apresentam-se reflexões sobre algumas experiências de escritores migrantes, presentes no panorama da literatura italiana, que escolheram o idioma italiano como língua literária. Que relação os poetas e escritores migrantes e bilingües estabelecem com o lugar e com a língua em que vivem? É a questão que me pus e que tentarei responder, à luz da experiencia de três autores que vivem na Italia e escrevem em italiano: Helga Schneider, Julio Cesar Monteiro e Gladys Basagoitia Dazza.
Mineração de Dados para Identificação de Alunos com Alto Risco de Evasão: Um Estudo de Caso
Authors: Digiampietri Luciano Antonio , Nakano Fabio , Lauretto Marcelo De Souza
Published: July 2016

A evasão estudantil no ensino superior é uma questão crítica nas universidades brasileiras. Existem diversos fatores potenciais relacionados a esse fenômeno, sendo alguns deles mitigáveis pelas instituições por meio de aperfeiçoamentos nos cursos e políticas de apoio aos alunos. Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma metodologia baseada em mineração de dados para o acompanhamento e identificação precoce dos estudantes com grande potencial de desistência ou desligamento compulsório. Nossa abordagem utiliza exclusivamente o histórico de desempenho nas disciplinas do primeiro ano do curso, dispensando fontes externas de dados mais escassas ou de difícil obtenção. Tais instrumentos podem balizar a tomada de ações individuais direcionadas a alunos em risco, bem como o planejamento de ações futuras. Apresentamos um estudo de caso conduzido sobre o histórico escolar de alunos do Bacharelado em Sistemas de Informação da USP, com índices de acerto superiores a 90%.
Reestruturação Curricular na Faculdade de Medicina da USP: Integrando Conteúdos e Valorizando Competências
Authors: Silva Luiz Fernando Ferraz da , Baracat Edmund Chada , Auler Junior José Otavio Costa
Published: July 2016

Buscando o contínuo aprimoramento de seu processo de ensino-aprendizagem, a Faculdade de Medicina da USP desenvolveu, no período de 2011 a 2014, um conjunto amplo de atividades visando à reestruturação curricular do curso médico mediante a adoção de um currículo baseado em competências. Esse processo envolveu: (a) uma etapa preliminar que incluiu avaliação curricular externa e formação de oito grupos de trabalho temáticos com o objetivo de integrar conteúdos correlatos e (b) uma etapa de estruturação na qual foram desenvolvidos os conceitos e estratégias de integração básico-clínica, internato, avaliação, governança e capacitação docente. Discutiu-se amplamente todo o processo com a comunidade por meio de reuniões departamentais, congregações temáticas e reuniões de grupos de trabalho. Por aclamação, a congregação da FMUSP aprovou, em 2014, a nova estrutura, a qual teve sua implementação iniciada para os ingressantes em 2015.
Turkic Loanwords in Nor-Nakhichevan Armenian
Authors: Jankowski Henryk
Published: July 2016

The goal of this paper is to demonstrate and assess Turkic loanwords in the vocabulary of Nor-Nakhichevan dialect of Armenian. Turkic loanwords include borrowings of ultimate Turkic origin, as well as Persian, Arabic, Greek, and Italian words that were borrowed through Turkish.
Advances in Climate Analysis and Monitoring: Reflections on 40 Years of Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshops
Authors: Ropelewski C. F. , Arkin P. A.
Published: July 2016

We examine the progress in the analysis of climate variability through the lens of a 40-year series of annual Climate Diagnostics and Prediction Workshops initiated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in 1976. The evolution of climate data and data access, data analysis and display, and our understanding of the physical mechanisms associated with climate variability, as well as the evolution in the character of the workshops, are documented by reference to the series of workshop proceedings. This retrospective essay chronicles the transition from the mid-1970s, when individual investigators or their organizations held much of the climate data suitable for research, to the present day, where many of the key climate datasets are freely accessible on the Internet. In parallel we also chart the evolution in data analysis and display tools from hand-drawn line graphs of single-station data to color animations of regional and global fields based on satellite data, numerical models, and sophisticated analysis tools. Discussion of these two themes is augmented by documentation of the increasing understanding of the physical climate system as climate science moved away from the “bones of bare statistics” that characterized climate analysis in the mid–twentieth century toward the “flesh of physical understanding.”
A Modeling Study of the Causes and Predictability of the Spring 2011 Extreme U.S. Weather Activity
Authors: Schubert Siegfried , Chang Yehui , Wang Hailan , Koster Randal , Suarez Max
Published: July 2016

This study examines the causes and predictability of the spring 2011 U.S. extreme weather using the Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) and Goddard Earth Observing System Model, version 5, (GEOS-5) atmospheric general circulation model simulations. The focus is on assessing the impact on precipitation of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, land conditions, and large-scale atmospheric modes of variability. A key result is that the April record-breaking precipitation in the Ohio River valley was primarily the result of the unforced development of a positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)-like mode of variability with unusually large amplitude, limiting the predictability of the precipitation in that region at 1-month leads. SST forcing (La Niña conditions) contributed to the broader continental-scale pattern of precipitation anomalies, producing drying in the southern plains and weak wet anomalies in the northeast, while the impact of realistic initial North American land conditions was to enhance precipitation in the upper Midwest and produce deficits in the Southeast. It was further found that 1) the 1 March atmospheric initial condition was the primary source of the ensemble mean precipitation response over the eastern United States in April (well beyond the limit of weather predictability), suggesting an influence on the initial state of the previous SST forcing and/or tropospheric–stratospheric coupling linked to an unusually persistent and cold polar vortex; and 2) stationary wave model experiments suggest that the SST-forced base state for April enhanced the amplitude of the NAO response compared to that of the climatological state, though the impact is modest and can be of either sign.
Kinetic Study of Solute Permeation across Surfactant Micelle/Bulk Solvent Interface by Moment Analysis - Chromatographic Capillary Electrophoresis (MA-CCE)
Authors: Miyabe Kanji , Suzuki Nozomu
Published: July 2016

We applied moment analysis (MA) with chromatographic capillary electrophoresis (CCE) to the analytical determination of rate constants (kin and kout) of solute permeation at the interface between a bulk solvent and surfactant micelles. CE experiments were carried out in the MEKC system using thymol and sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) as the solute and surfactant, respectively, under CCE conditions. In CCE mode, experimental conditions are controlled so that the migration of micelles, which dissolve single or plural solute molecules, is stopped in the axial direction of a capillary. Only solute molecules migrate in the capillary and are detected to record elution peak profiles. The mass-transfer kinetics of solute molecules in the capillary are determined from the elution peak profiles by the MA theory. The values of kin and kout were respectively determined as 1.5 × 10−6 and 2.6 × 10−9 m s−1 for the permeation of thymol molecules at the interfacial boundary of SDS micelle. It was demonstrated that MA-CCE was effective for the kinetic study of solute permeation across the interface between a bulk solvent and spherical molecular aggregates, e.g., surfactant micelles.
The Leadership Process During an Organizational Crisis
Authors: Dos Santos Rodrigo Antônio Silveira , Mello Rodrigo Bandeira-de- , Cunha Cristiano José Castro de Almeida
Published: July 2016

This article reports results of a qualitative study that examined the leadership process during an organizational crisis in the Brazilian electrical sector. The studied organization is a company involved with the generation and distribution of electric energy, which faced a crisis because of the rupture of electricity-distribution cables that affected the energy supply chain for a whole city, during approximately 52 hours. In this context, the authors analyzed the crisis’ stages and the organizational crisis management phases, in order to identify the leadership tasks adopted by organizational leaders during the crisis response. The major challenges brought with the crisis were identified and it was analyzed the leadership tasks used to address challenges: sensemaking, decision making, meaning making, terminating and learning.
Transporting mitochondria in neurons
Authors: Course Meredith M. , Wang Xinnan
Published: July 2016

Neurons demand vast and vacillating supplies of energy. As the key contributors of this energy, as well as primary pools of calcium and signaling molecules, mitochondria must be where the neuron needs them, when the neuron needs them. The unique architecture and length of neurons, however, make them a complex system for mitochondria to navigate. To add to this difficulty, mitochondria are synthesized mainly in the soma, but must be transported as far as the distant terminals of the neuron. Similarly, damaged mitochondria—which can cause oxidative stress to the neuron—must fuse with healthy mitochondria to repair the damage, return all the way back to the soma for disposal, or be eliminated at the terminals. Increasing evidence suggests that the improper distribution of mitochondria in neurons can lead to neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we will discuss the machinery and regulatory systems used to properly distribute mitochondria in neurons, and how this knowledge has been leveraged to better understand neurological dysfunction.
PEDAGOGIA NO CÁRCERE: HISTÓRIA E MEMÓRIA DAS PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS NAS UNIDADES PENAIS DO PARANÁ
Authors: Dudeque Pianovski Vieira Alboni Marisa , Zolinger Mendes Maxcimira Carlota
Published: July 2016

O artigo tem como objetivo compreender em que medida o trabalho da professora pedagoga que atua em espaço de privação de liberdade possibilita aos apenados a garantia do direito à educação. O estudo se justifica por sua atualidade e relevância em termos de compreender que a prisão pode ser um espaço pedagógico de múltiplas possibilidades e potencialidades. Assim, buscou-se pesquisar: Quem são as profissionais que atuam dentro das prisões? De que forma o trabalho da pedagoga colabora para a implantação e efetivação da oferta de educação dentro dos espaços prisionais? Quais requisitos formativos e conhecimentos pedagógicos são imprescindíveis a essa profissional para atuar dentro desses espaços? Os estudos de Certeau (2011), Chartier (1990), Frago (1995), Foucault (2013), Freire (1983, 2011), Frison (2004), Gatti e Barreto (2009), Julia (2001), Ribeiro (2011) e Souza (2011) foram particularmente importantes para o aprofundamento da questão problema e ampliaram a percepção da vivência pedagógica nos espaços de privação de liberdade. As reflexões deste estudo resultam de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa de caráter bibliográfico, documental e de campo. A pesquisa de campo consistiu de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com cinco pedagogas de unidades penais do Estado do Paraná. O estudo suscita novos e relevantes debates acerca da formação do profissional pedagogo para atuação em espaços diversos, como é o caso da prisão, favorecendo reflexões a respeito da necessidade de um trabalho pedagógico consistente e emancipador para além do cárcere.
ESTILOS DE APRENDIZAJE EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA EN UNA UNIVERSIDAD DE COLOMBIA
Authors: Royert Judith Martinez , Felicetti Vera Lucia
Published: July 2016

Este artículo de investigación presenta un estudio que tuvo como objetivo caracterizar los estilos de aprendizaje en estudiantes de Enfermería de la Universidad de Sucre (Colombia). La metodología de estudio tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo cuya base de datos estaba conformada por las respuestas de 212 estudiantes seleccionados por medio de un muestreo intencional, que respondieron los cuestionarios CHAEA “Cuestionario Honey-Alonso de Estilos de Aprendizaje” y el ILS “Inventario de estilos de aprendizaje”. Con el fin de hacer una caracterización más completa, la preferencia de los estilos se identificó a partir de dos modelos o tipologías, la de Gallego y Alonso (CHAEA) y el modelo de Felder y Silverman (ILS). Los resultados mostraron una preferencia por el estilo equilibrado con el modelo ILS y por el estilo reflexivo con el CHAEA. Además se registró un hallazgo contradictorio, el estilo reflexivo estuvo ausente en el modelo ILS.
A importância do Programa Bolsa Família sobre a economia do município de Antônio Gonçalves – Bahia
Authors: Milanez Anderson Carvalho da Silva , Silva Cláudia Maria Lourenço da
Published: July 2016

O Programa Bolsa Família visa aumentar o poder de compra de seus beneficiários, e afeta positivamente o faturamento do comércio no município que, através do benefício, reduz a pobreza, proporcionando aos beneficiários maior poder de compra e como esses gastos são distribuídos no momento em que recebem o auxílio. O presente artigo se propõe a averiguar os efeitos do programa Bolsa Família sobre a economia do município de Antônio Gonçalves – Bahia, sua economia local, os impactos e a capacidade de amortização da desigualdade social e econômica no município, destacando os efeitos positivos e negativos que o programa oferece a economia local.
Educação Jurídica, Sujeito do Direito e Trabalho do Docente: Abordagem analítica – Ancien Régime, Belle Époque e New Order.
Authors: De Barros Filho Geraldo Carreiro , Andrade Iarê Lucas
Published: July 2016

Este artigo busca compartilhar entendimentos e peculiaridades histórico-evolutivas dos cursos de direito, desde sua alvorada com metodologia de ensino para o “ser” negligenciando o “dever ser”; uma peculiaridade sisuda engessada de princípios consuetudinários e leis determinantes, mas evolutiva ao pós-positivismo jurídico. Para tal exercício se aproxima dos entendimentos de juristas e pedagogos, preocupados que se deva ter ponto vista em saber crítico de epistemologia jurídica – ainda incipiente em nossas IESs de Cursos Jurídicos, ainda ativo nas disciplinas onde se exige que o acadêmico decore os artigos; contudo há vislumbre nas mudanças necessárias e para tal o exemplo da cátedra Direito e Literatura é válido. As contemporâneas IESs de Direito nacionais ainda sofrem influência das escolas europeias, que se observe os currículos dos doutrinadores, que tomam assento nas altas Cortes e estes honrados doutores saem em busca de perceber o ser no universo jurídico e ter noção de personalidade jurídica, é exercício dos mais filosóficos, que se ensina nas bancas o entendimento de que o nascituro não é pessoa, mas tem direitos. E neste cenário há falta de visão dos empregadores, que no investimento do corpo docente todos ganham, na transversalidade do ensino jurídico.
Los grandes proyectos urbanos y la construcción de «lo público»
Authors: Rosenstein Mg. Arq. Claudia , Chajchir Arq. Eduardo , Molteni Arq. Gustavo , Formica Arq. Diego Luis , Ruani Arq. José Luis
Published: July 2016

Entendiendo a la ciudad como el soporte espacial de la vida colectiva de una sociedad y campo de lucha entre múltiples actores, las intervenciones urbanas estarán determinadas por la puja de esos intereses y por la «idea de ciudad» que se imponga.En este marco surgen grandes operaciones de renovación urbana como parte de la reestructuración neoliberal de la economía.Así, este trabajo se propone analizar el impacto que los GPU producen en la construcción físico–social de la ciudad y determinar quiénes se benefician y quiénes pierden.Recurrimos al estudio de casos: Puerto Madero en CABA y Puerto Norte en Rosario. La información se recaba a través de fuentes secundarias y se comparan posturas de diversos autores.Las conclusiones preliminares determinarían que estos proyectos no constituyen una alternativa a favor de la ciudadanía ya que parten de priorizar la promoción del territorio mediante una lógica empresarial. El proyecto de arquitectura queda disociado del proyecto urbano y produce barreras tanto físicas como simbólicas.Aun así, el estudio de casos demostraría que estos impactos pueden atenuarse en función de la capacidad de las gestiones locales de generar instrumentos de recupero de plusvalía urbana que redundaría en beneficio de los ciudadanos.

Palabras clave

Actores urbanos; Espacio público; Ciudadanía; Gestión local; Suelo urban
Configuración espacial de espacios colectivos dentro de dinámicas formativas
Authors: Chiappini Mg. Arq. María Cecilia , Scheerlinck Dr. Mg. Arq. Kris , Schoonjans Dr. Mg. Arq. Yves
Published: July 2016

La investigación pretende producir conocimiento sobre las configuraciones espaciales de los espacios colectivos donde la infraestructura de gran escala impulsa transformaciones urbanas. El foco está puesto en el significado, el carácter y las cualidades programáticas de los espacios urbanos en transformación como resultado de procesos fluctuantes. Se abordan las dinámicas de formación complejas de los streetscapes urbanos, las conjugaciones espaciales no tradicionales de espacios, bordes y territorios. Estos espacios encierran condiciones imprevisibles de proximidad, territorialidad, permeabilidad y bordes críticos que aquí son investigadas a través de parámetros específicos, su manifestación e interacción en el tiempo. Este abordaje puede contribuir a impulsar proyectos de arquitectura y urbanismo como prácticas tecno–culturales innovadoras en donde las infraestructuras se integren mejor en la trama urbana, aspecto urgente, dada las condiciones de hipercomplejidad de las realidades urbanas contemporáneas. En el caso de la Plaza de las Glorias Catalanas, en Barcelona, la actual transformación de un espacio abierto dominado por el movimiento vehicular circundado de manifestaciones espaciales de gran variedad, en una centralidad urbana formaliza, es usado para exponer la compleja convergencia de streetscapes e infraestructuras urbanas en los procesos de transformación urbana contemporánea.

Palabras clave

Bordes críticos; Territorialidad fluctuante; Streetscapes urbanos; Morfogénesis
Génesis y Desarrollo de la Pedagogía de Dewey en Chile
Authors: Caiceo Escudero Jaime
Published: July 2016

On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the publication of John Dewey’s Democracy and Education, we analyse the impact of this seminal work on the history of education in Chile. We review and describe his influence on both secular and Catholic spheres in the country at the beginning of the 20th century, and the major milestones in the educational reforms implemented according to his theories. This historical study relies on both primary and secondary sources, and features a documentary analysis of the works influenced by his ideas. It forms part of a series of investigations on the topic carried out by the author over the last thirty years.
El legado feminista de John Dewey
Authors: Vaamonde Gamo Marta , Nubiola Jaime
Published: July 2016

This article demonstrates how feminism welcomed and was influenced by the pragmatism of John Dewey. While in real terms his impact on European feminism has been minimal, this was not the case in contemporary America. In this article we study both how Dewey’s ideas were received amongst American feminists, as well as certain aspects of his thinking that could be enormously useful in present-day debates between critical and postmodern feminists. We compare the Deweyan and feminist arguments against the traditional dualisms that acted as philosophical support for social inequality, paying particular attention to mind–body dualism, and the consequent undervaluation of physical and emotional wellbeing. We also show that John Dewey’s proposals were, in fact, more radical than those of the feminists of the day. Indeed, democracy has to be understood as a way of life that affects every dimension of experience, and is crucial to the personal and social growth that enables the unjust social inequalities between men and women to be overcome.
La inspección de enseñanza primaria y la consolidación del sistema escolar en la provincia de Teruel (1849-1900)
Authors: Alcalá Ibáñez María Lourdes
Published: July 2016

The Inspectorate of Education in Spain was created in 1849. During the second half of the nineteenth century, the supervision of schools was for the first time in the hands of professional officials that used uniform education criteria for all schools. As delegates of the government, these helped to consolidate the school system, which, after the enactment of the Public Education Act of 1857, was gradually but very significantly implemented throughout the nation. The article describes the operation of the first provincial inspectors in Teruel, a rural province in the interior of Spain, which had high rates of illiteracy and serious problems with school attendance, teacher remuneration, and lack of schools, especially for girls. This article describes the work of the provincial inspectors, who, through their association with the Provincial Board of Education, managed to improve all aspects related to the working and living conditions of teachers: state exams, pay, classification for promotion or regulation of promotions, transfers and substitutions. It also studies the inspection visits to schools, and their contribution to both the improvement in school organization and the teaching methodology used by teachers in one-room schools.
Cidade e escola: a construção visual do Colégio Elementar Fernando Gomes em Porto Alegre/RS - Brasil (1913-1935)
Authors: Ermel Tatiane De Freitas
Published: July 2016

In the context of studies about space and school architecture, this article analyses the visual construction of the Fernando Gomes Elementary School, which was located in downtown Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil between 1913 and 1935. Designed by the engineer Afonso Hébert, head of the Department of Public Works in the State of Rio Grande do Sul/RS, the building was completed in 1922. In addition to functional elements, i.e., a large number of classrooms that would serve to increase the access of children to primary school, its monumental proportions incorporated a series of symbolic elements aligned with the ideals of the First Brazilian Republic (1889–1930). The documentary analysis was performed on the archives of the Directorship of Public Education and the Directorship of Public Works of Rio Grande do Sul, as well as various iconographic sources, capital improvement plans and periodicals of the time. The construction of the school inaugurated a new conception of the space and architecture of public elementary schools in the State, as the visible improvement and sanitation of the cities were considered of great importance in the period. The construction of school buildings was also one of the greatest advertising tools of the new Republican political regime.
A research about the effects of personality traits over tourism management department preferences
Kişilik özelliklerinin turizm bölümleri tercihlerine etkileri üzerine bir araştırma
Authors: Şengel Ümit , İbiş Salim , Zengin Burhanettin , Batman Orhan
Published: July 2016

Tourism industry maintains its rapid growing rate both in the world and Turkey in recent years. Since tourism industry is service-driven, human resource is considerably important. Therefore a great number of qualified labour force is needed and the importance of educational institutions that are aim to train labour force for tourism industry is increased. The purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between the reason to prefer tourism department and personality traits of tourism students In this study, examining the relation between personality -the term that is related to human’s psychological and physiological structure- and department preference enhances its importance. Survey form technique has been used as data collecting tool. Obtained data was analysed by using SPSS and LISREL Soft wares. Regression analysis shows personality traits explains 32% of career opportunities, 17% of professional convenience and 28% sectoral attractiveness among the reason to prefer tourism department. ÖzetTurizm endüstrisi son yıllarda hem dünya genelinde hem de Türkiye’de hızlı bir büyüme seyri göstermektedir. Turizm, hizmet ağırlıklı bir endüstri olması nedeni ile turizmde insan kaynağı oldukça önem taşımaktadır. Bu durum da çok sayıda yetişmiş elemana ihtiyacı ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu nedenle turizm endüstrisine eleman yetiştirmeye yönelik eğitim veren kurumların da önemi son yıllarda artmıştır. Bu Araştırmada turizm eğitimi alan öğrencilerin turizm bölümünü tercih etme nedenleri ile kişilik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu araştırmada insanın psikolojik veya fizyolojik yapısı ile ilgili bir kavram olan kişiliğin bölüm tercihi ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi araştırmayı literatür açısından önemli hale getirmektedir. Araştırmanın veri toplamasında anket tekniği tercih edilmiştir. Kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen 285 turizm lisans öğrencilerinden yüz yüze anketler doldurtularak veriler elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS ve LISREL programlarından faydalanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları kişilik özelliklerinin turizm bölümü tercih sebeplerini etkileyen bir faktör oluğunu; turizm bölümü tercih sebeplerinin boyutlarından kariyer fırsatlarını yaklaşık %32, mesleki kolaylığı yaklaşık %17 ve sektörel çekiciliği ise yaklaşık %28 oranında açıkladığını ortaya koymaktadır.
High crown to implant ratio as stress factor in short implants therapy
Authors: Gaxho Ledia , Isufi R. , Petrela E. , Abazaj L. , Vera K.
Published: July 2016

Background/Aim: The purpose of this study was to report the outcomes of crown to implant ratio (C/IR) measurements of single-tooth short implants. The specific aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of C/ IR on crestal bone loss, assessing the success of short locking-taper implants treatment. Materials and Methods: The cohort study was based on a sample of 33 patients, 14 males and 19 females. They were treated by at least one hydroxyapatite-coated Bicon implant, restored with Integrated Abutment Crown cementless technique and porcelain fused to metal crowns. The study was conducted between 2010 and 2015. Patients were recalled after 1-year and 2-year period time. Periapical, panoramic radiographs and clinical photos were obtained. The outcome measures were C/IR, crestal bone levels and the success of short implants therapy. Results: After all the measurements were done on the first day of implant loading and at last visit, the mean C/IR was 1.85 (range, 0.95 to 3.20) and the mean change in the mesio-distal crestal bone levels was -0.73mm. No significant correlation was found between the C/IR and the risk for crestal bone loss nor the risk for implant failure. Conclusions: A high C/IR has no significant effect on crestal bone levels (r= -0.151, p= 0.230) and on failure of implant treatment (p= 0.631) after the insertion of single-tooth locking-taper and implant restorations.
Fracture resistance of composite veneers with different preparation designs
Authors: Zlatanovska Katerina , Guguvcevski Ljuben , Popovski Risto , Dimova Cena , Minovska Ana , Mijoska Aneta
Published: July 2016

Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the fracture load of composite veneers using three different preparation designs. Material and methods: Fifteen extracted, intact, human maxillary central incisors were selected. Teeth were divided into three groups with different preparation design: 1) feather preparation, 2) bevel preparation, and 3) incisal overlap- palatal chamfer. Teeth were restored with composite veneers, and the specimens were loaded to failure. The localization of the fracture was recorded as incisal, gingival or combined. Results: Composite veneers with incisal overlap - palatal chamfer showed higher fracture resistance compared to feather preparation and bevel preparation. The mean (SD) fracture loads were: Group 1: 100.6±8.0 N, Group 2: 107.4±6.8 N, and Group 3: 122.0±8.8 N. The most common mode of failure was debonding for veneers with feather preparation and fracture when incisal edge is reduced. The most frequent localization of fracture was incisal. Conclusion: The type of preparation has a significant effect on fracture load for composite veneers. This study indicates that using an incisal overlap- palatal chamfer preparation design significantly increases the fracture resistance compared to feather and bevel preparation designs.
Generalized severe periodontitis and periodontal abscess in type 2 diabetes: A case report
Authors: Sonnenschein Sarah
Published: July 2016

The bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus can cause distinct oral symptoms that can impact the general health conditions of affected patients. The presented case report of a female diabetes type 2 patient with severe periodontitis and a periodontal abscess shows how interdisciplinary collaboration between the attending physician and dentist can significantly improve oral conditions and metabolic control.
Legal Environment for Organic Production in the Eu and Ukraine / Pprávne Prostredie Pre Ekologickú Produkciu V Eú A Na Ukrajine
Authors: Zelenska Kateryna
Published: July 2016

Agricultural exporters tend to enter into contracts containing quality or standard clauses. These provisions may refer to either international public standards or standards set by private bodies. The second are usually more dynamic and thereby may respond to the consumers’ demand more quickly. However, high participation costs may exclude a large share of producers from private standards schemes. The state may pick certain socially desirable private standards and evolve them to the public regulation, as it was the case of the rules on organic farming in the EU. The government may introduce aid to encourage all interested actors to participate in the scheme, although the policy space left for the government to do so is limited by the WTO disciplines for domestic support.
Is emotional eating a problem of concern among adolescents in poor countries? An example from Sudan
Authors: Musaiger Abdulrahman O. , Nabag Fatima O. , Al-Mannai Mariam A.
Published: July 2016

Objective:

Although emotional eating is positively associated with serious health problems such as obesity and eating disorders, it is rarely investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of emotional eating among urban adolescents in Sudan, one of the poorest countries in the world.

Methods:

A multistage stratified sampling method was used to select adolescents aged 14–18 years from governmental schools in Khartoum State, the capital of Sudan. The total sample selected was 945 (507 males, 438 females). A self-reported validated questionnaire was used to collect the data.

Results:

Of the males, 57% eat mostly or sometimes while watching television, compared with 62% of females (p<0.036). Females were more likely to eat when angered than males (9.6% and 5.7%, eat mostly when angered, respectively, p<0.02). There were no statistically significant differences between males and females regarding eating late at night, eating when bored and eating when anxious.

Conclusion:

The findings revealed that emotional eating is a growing problem among urban adolescents in Sudan. This creates the need to incorporate emotional eating in any prevention plan to promote healthy eating among these adolescents.