bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genome wide association study identifies novel candidate genes for growth and body conformation traits in goats
Authors: Moaeen-ud-Din Muhammad , Danish Muner Raja , Khan Muhammad Sajjad
Published: June 2022

Pakistan is third largest country in term of goat population with distinct characteristics of breeds and estimated population of 78.2 million. Punjab province has 37% of country’s total population with seven important documented goat breeds namely Beetal, Daira Din Pannah, Nachi, Barbari, Teddi, Pahari and Pothwari. There is paucity of literature on GWAS for economically important traits i.e., body weight and morphometric measurements. Therefore, we performed GWAS using 50 K SNP Chip for growth in term of age adjusted body weight and morphometric measurements in order to identify genomic regions influencing these traits among Punjab goat breeds. Blood samples were collected from 879 unrelated animals of seven goat breeds along with data for body weight and morphometric measurements including body length, body height, pubic bone length, heart girth and chest length. Genomic DNA was extracted and genotyped using 50 K SNP bead chip. Association of genotypic data with the phenotypic data was performed using Plink 1.9 software. Linear mixed model was used for the association study. Genes were annotated from Capra hircus genome using assembly ARS1. We have identified a number of highly significant SNPs and respective candidate genes associated with growth and body conformation traits. The functional aspects of these candidate genes suggested their potential role in body growth. Moreover, pleiotropic effects were observed for some SNPs for body weight and conformation traits. The results of current study contributed to a better understanding of genes influencing growth and body conformation traits in goat.
Electrical conduction and noise spectroscopy of sodium-alginate gold-covered ultrathin films for flexible green electronics
Authors: Barone Carlo , Maccagnani Piera , Dinelli Franco , Bertoldo Monica , Capelli Raffaella , Cocchi Massimo , Seri Mirko , Pagano Sergio
Published: June 2022

Green electronics is an emerging topic that requires the exploration of new methodologies for the integration of green components into electronic devices. Therefore, the development of alternative and eco-friendly raw materials, biocompatible and biodegradable, is of great importance. Among these, sodium-alginate is a natural biopolymer extracted from marine algae having a great potential in terms of transparency, flexibility, and conductivity, when functionalized with a thin gold (Au) layer. The electrical transport of these flexible and conducting substrates has been studied, by DC measurements, from 300 to 10 K, to understand the interplay between the organic substrate and the metallic layer. The results were compared to reference bilayers based on polymethyl-methacrylate, a well-known polymer used in electronics. In addition, a detailed investigation of the electric noise properties was also performed. This analysis allows to study the effect of charge carriers fluctuations, providing important information to quantify the minimum metallic thickness required for electronic applications. In particular, the typical noise behavior of metallic compounds was observed in samples covered with 5 nm of Au, while noise levels related to a non-metallic conduction were found for a thickness of 4.5 nm, despite of the relatively good DC conductance of the bilayer.
Global O-GlcNAcylation changes impact desmin phosphorylation and its partition toward cytoskeleton in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells differentiated into myotubes
Authors: Claeyssen Charlotte , Bastide Bruno , Cieniewski-Bernard Caroline
Published: June 2022

Desmin is the guardian of striated muscle integrity, permitting the maintenance of muscle shape and the efficiency of contractile activity. It is also a key mediator of cell homeostasis and survival. To ensure the fine regulation of skeletal muscle processes, desmin is regulated by post-translational modifications (PTMs). It is more precisely phosphorylated by several kinases connecting desmin to intracellular processes. Desmin is also modified by O-GlcNAcylation, an atypical glycosylation. However, the functional consequence of O-GlcNAcylation on desmin is still unknown, nor its impact on desmin phosphorylation. In a model of C2C12 myotubes, we modulated the global O-GlcNAcylation level, and we determined whether the expression, the PTMs and the partition of desmin toward insoluble material or cytoskeleton were impacted or not. We have demonstrated in the herein paper that O-GlcNAcylation variations led to changes in desmin behaviour. In particular, our data clearly showed that O-GlcNAcylation increase led to a decrease of phosphorylation level on desmin that seems to involve CamKII correlated to a decrease of its partition toward cytoskeleton. Our data showed that phosphorylation/O-GlcNAcylation interplay is highly complex on desmin, supporting that a PTMs signature could occur on desmin to finely regulate its partition (i.e. distribution) with a spatio-temporal regulation.
Analysis of rare thalassemia genetic variants based on third-generation sequencing
Authors: Peng Cuiting , Zhang Haixia , Ren Jun , Chen Han , Du Ze , Zhao Tong , Mao Aiping , Xu Ruofan , Lu Yulin , Wang He , Chen Xinlian , Liu Shanling
Published: June 2022

Thalassemia is a group of common hereditary anemias that cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, precisely diagnosing thalassemia, especially rare thalassemia variants, is still challenging. Long-range PCR and long-molecule sequencing on the PacBio Sequel II platform utilized in this study could cover the entire HBA1, HBA2 and HBB genes, enabling the diagnosis of most of the common and rare types of thalassemia variants. In this study, 100 cases of suspected thalassemia were subjected to traditional thalassemia testing and third-generation sequencing for thalassemia genetic diagnosis. Compared with traditional diagnostic methods, an additional 10 cases of rare clinically significant variants, including 3 cases of structure variants and 7 cases of single nucleotide variations (SNVs) were identified, of which a case with − α3.7 subtype III (− α3.7III) was first identified and validated in the Chinese population. Other rare variants of 11.1 kb deletions (− 11.1/αα), triplicate α-globin genes (aaa3.7/αα) and rare SNVs have also been thoroughly detected. The results showed that rare thalassemia variants are not rare but have been misdiagnosed by conventional methods. The results further validated third-generation sequencing as a promising method for rare thalassemia genetic testing.
Towards environmental detection of Chagas disease vectors and pathogen
Authors: Gysin Grace , Urbano Plutarco , Brandner-Garrod Luke , Begum Shahida , Kristan Mojca , Walker Thomas , Hernández Carolina , Ramírez Juan David , Messenger Louisa A.
Published: June 2022

Chagas disease vector control relies on prompt, accurate identification of houses infested with triatomine bugs for targeted insecticide spraying. However, most current detection methods are laborious, lack standardization, have substantial operational costs and limited sensitivity, especially when triatomine bug densities are low or highly focal. We evaluated the use of FTA cards or cotton-tipped swabs to develop a low-technology, non-invasive method of detecting environmental DNA (eDNA) from both triatomine bugs and Trypanosoma cruzi for use in household surveillance in eastern Colombia, an endemic region for Chagas disease. Study findings demonstrated that Rhodnius prolixus eDNA, collected on FTA cards, can be detected at temperatures between 21 and 32 °C, when deposited by individual, recently blood-fed nymphs. Additionally, cotton-tipped swabs are a feasible tool for field sampling of both T. cruzi and R. prolixus eDNA in infested households and may be preferable due to their lower cost. eDNA detection should not yet replace current surveillance tools, but instead be evaluated in parallel as a more sensitive, higher-throughput, lower cost alternative. eDNA collection requires virtually no skills or resources in situ and therefore has the potential to be implemented in endemic communities as part of citizen science initiatives to control Chagas disease transmission.
Altered cytoskeletal status in the transition from proneural to mesenchymal glioblastoma subtypes
Authors: Keller Maureen , Blom Magdalena , Conze Lei Liu , Guo Min , Hägerstrand Daniel , Aspenström Pontus
Published: June 2022

Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive brain tumor with poor patient prognosis. Treatment outcomes remain limited, partly due to intratumoral heterogeneity and the invasive nature of the tumors. Glioblastoma cells invade and spread into the surrounding brain tissue, and even between hemispheres, thus hampering complete surgical resection. This invasive motility can arise through altered properties of the cytoskeleton. We hypothesize that cytoskeletal organization and dynamics can provide important clues to the different malignant states of glioblastoma. In this study, we investigated cytoskeletal organization in glioblastoma cells with different subtype expression profiles, and cytoskeletal dynamics upon subtype transitions. Analysis of the morphological, migratory, and invasive properties of glioblastoma cells identified cytoskeletal components as phenotypic markers that can serve as diagnostic or prognostic tools. We also show that the cytoskeletal function and malignant properties of glioblastoma cells shift during subtype transitions induced by altered expression of the neurodevelopmental transcription factor SOX2. The potential of SOX2 re-expression to reverse the mesenchymal subtype into a more proneural subtype might open up strategies for novel glioblastoma treatments.
Transcriptional changes of biochemical pathways in Meloidogyne incognita in response to non-fumigant nematicides
Authors: Wram Catherine L. , Hesse Cedar N. , Zasada Inga A.
Published: June 2022

Meloidogyne incognitais a destructive and economically important agricultural pest. Similar to other plant-parasitic nematodes, management ofM. incognitarelies heavily on chemical controls. As old, broad spectrum, and toxic nematicides leave the market, replacements have entered including fluensulfone, fluazaindolizine, and fluopyram that are plant-parasitic nematode specific in target and less toxic to applicators. However, there is limited research into their modes-of-action and other off-target cellular effects caused by these nematicides in plant-parasitic nematodes. This study aimed to broaden the knowledge about these new nematicides by examining the transcriptional changes inM. incognitasecond-stage juveniles (J2) after 24-h exposure to fluensulfone, fluazaindolizine, and fluopyram as well as oxamyl, an older non-fumigant nematicide. Total RNA was extracted and sequenced using Illumina HiSeq to investigate transcriptional changes in the citric acid cycle, the glyoxylate pathway,$$\upbeta$$β-fatty acid oxidation pathway, oxidative phosphorylation, and acetylcholine neuron components. Observed transcriptional changes inM. incognitaexposed to fluopyram and oxamyl corresponded to their respective modes-of-action. Potential targets for fluensulfone and fluazaindolizine were identified in the$$\upbeta$$β-fatty acid oxidation pathway and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase of the citric acid cycle, respectively. This study provides a foundation for understanding how potential nematicide resistance could develop, identifies cellular pathways as potential nematicide targets, and determines targets for confirming unknown modes-of-action.
Nonlinearly interacting entrainment due to shear and convection in the surface ocean
Authors: Ushijima Yusuke , Yoshikawa Yutaka
Published: June 2022

Large-eddy simulations were performed to investigate the entrainment buoyancy flux at the mixed layer base due to nonlinearly interacting shear-driven turbulence (ST) and convective turbulence (CT). The fluxes due to pure ST and pure CT were first evaluated, and their scalings were derived. The entrainment flux due to coexisting ST and CT was then evaluated and compared to the scaling-based fluxes due to the pure turbulences. It was found that nonlinear effects reduce the entrainment flux by $$30 \%$$

30
%

when the turbulent kinetic energy production rates of ST and CT are comparable. The mixing parameterization schemes used in ocean general circulation models (OGCMs) fail to accurately reproduce the mixing due to the pure turbulences and/or the nonlinear effects, and thus the mixed layer depth (MLD). Because analysis using global datasets suggests that nonlinear effects are large at the mid-latitudes, these results indicate that the nonlinear effects might be responsible for the deep MLD biases in OGCMs and that mixing parameterization schemes need to be improved to correctly represent ocean surface mixing due to shear and convection, as well as waves, in OGCMs.
Mediating effect of self-esteem on the relationship between leisure experience and aggression
Authors: Xia Ximei , Wang Xiaotian , Yu Hairong
Published: June 2022

Previous research has shown that both the daily experiences and personal traits of adolescents are linked to aggression. Our aim was to further investigate the relationship between leisure experience, self-esteem, and aggression according to the general aggression model. In addition, within frustration-aggression theory, we proposed that leisure experience and aggression have a negative correlation. Furthermore, based on broaden-and-build theory, we explored the mediating role of self-esteem between leisure experience and aggression. The participants included 660 Chinese teenagers with an average age of 14.3. Among them, male students accounted for 310 (49.4%) and female students accounted for 318 (50.6%). The results showed that leisure experience was positively correlated with self-esteem and negatively correlated with aggression, while self-esteem was also negatively correlated with aggression. Additionally, self-esteem fully mediated the relationship between leisure experience and aggression. Our study could enrich research on leisure and provide a basis for protective factors of aggression in adolescents.
The draft genome of Cochliopodium minus reveals a complete meiosis toolkit and provides insight into the evolution of sexual mechanisms in Amoebozoa
Authors: Tekle Yonas I. , Wang Fang , Tran Hanh , Hayes T. Danielle , Ryan Joseph F.
Published: June 2022

To date, genomic analyses in amoebozoans have been mostly limited to model organisms or medically important lineages. Consequently, the vast diversity of Amoebozoa genomes remain unexplored. A draft genome of Cochliopodium minus, an amoeba characterized by extensive cellular and nuclear fusions, is presented. C. minus has been a subject of recent investigation for its unusual sexual behavior. Cochliopodium’s sexual activity occurs during vegetative stage making it an ideal model for studying sexual development, which is sorely lacking in the group. Here we generate a C. minus draft genome assembly. From this genome, we detect a substantial number of lateral gene transfer (LGT) instances from bacteria (15%), archaea (0.9%) and viruses (0.7%) the majority of which are detected in our transcriptome data. We identify the complete meiosis toolkit genes in the C. minus genome, as well as the absence of several key genes involved in plasmogamy and karyogamy. Comparative genomics of amoebozoans reveals variation in sexual mechanism exist in the group. Similar to complex eukaryotes, C. minus (some amoebae) possesses Tyrosine kinases and duplicate copies of SPO11. We report a first example of alternative splicing in a key meiosis gene and draw important insights on molecular mechanism of sex in C. minus using genomic and transcriptomic data.
Anticancer effects of herbal medicines in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through modulation of steroid hormone response proteins
Authors: Zhang Zhiyi , Wang Juan , Liu Bingying , Liu Yu , Shi Xiaowei , Li Wenli , Xin Huawei , Xin Jie , Hao Chunxiang
Published: June 2022

Many individual herbs and herbal formulae have been demonstrated to provide safe and effective treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC); however, the therapeutic mechanisms underlying their effects have not been fully elucidated. A total of 114 herbal formulae comprising 216 single herbal medicines used to treat PDAC were identified. Cluster analysis revealed a core prescription including four herbs [Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizome (Gan Cao), Codonopsis Radix (Dang Shen), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chen Pi), and Pinelliae Rhizoma (Ban Xia)] in combination to treat PDAC, and 295, 256, 141, and 365 potential targets were screened for each of these four herbs, respectively. PDAC-related proteins (n = 2940) were identified from the DisGeNET database. Finally, 44 overlapping targets of herbs and PDAC were obtained, representing potential targets of the herbal medicines for PDAC treatment. GO enrichment analysis indicated that targets common to herbs and PDAC primarily functioned in response to steroid hormones. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that the herbs may prevent PDAC by influencing apoptotic, p53, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Further, molecular docking analysis indicated that of identified bioactive compounds, stigmasterol, phaseol, perlolyrine, shinpterocarpin, and licopyranocoumarin have good binding ability with proteins involved in responses to steroid hormones, while stigmasterol, phaseol, perlolyrine, and DIOP have good binding ability with PTGS2(also known as COX-2), ESR1, ESR2, AR, and PGR. The anti-PDAC activity of herbal medicines may be mediated via regulation of proteins with roles in responses to steroid hormones. This study provides further evidence supporting the potential for use of herbal medicines to treat PDAC.
Alterations in co-abundant bacteriome in colorectal cancer and its persistence after surgery: a pilot study
Authors: Png Chin-Wen , Chua Yong-Kang , Law Jia-Hao , Zhang Yongliang , Tan Ker-Kan
Published: June 2022

There is growing interest in the role of gut microbiome in colorectal cancer (CRC), ranging from screening to disease recurrence. Our study aims to identify microbial markers characteristic of CRC and to examine if changes in bacteriome persist after surgery. Forty-nine fecal samples from 25 non-cancer (NC) individuals and 12 CRC patients, before and 6-months after surgery, were collected for analysis by bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Bacterial richness and diversity were reduced, while pro-carcinogenic bacteria such as Bacteroides fragilis and Odoribacter splanchnicus were increased in CRC patients compared to NC group. These differences were no longer observed after surgery. Comparison between pre-op and post-op CRC showed increased abundance of probiotic bacteria after surgery. Concomitantly, bacteria associated with CRC progression were observed to have increased after surgery, implying persistent dysbiosis. In addition, functional pathway predictions based on the bacterial 16S rRNA gene data showed that various pathways were differentially enriched in CRC compared to NC. Microbiome signatures characteristic of CRC comprise altered bacterial composition. Elements of these dysbiotic signatures persists even after surgery, suggesting possible field-change in remnant non-diseased colon. Future studies should involve a larger sample size with microbiome data collected at multiple time points after surgery to examine if these dysbiotic patterns truly persist and also correlate with disease outcomes.
Electron transport properties of graphene quantum dots with non-centro-symmetric Gaussian deformation
Authors: Poszwa A.
Published: June 2022

A theoretical investigation on electron transport properties of rectangular graphene quantum dots (GQDs) with non-centro-symmetric out-of-plane Gaussian deformation of elliptic type is presented. Different levels of deformation are explored to estimate system geometry optimal for potential electronic applications. Electronic properties of deformed GQDs are studied in terms of local density of states (LDOS), band-gap opening and equilibrium ballistic conductance. In particular, it was observed that the symmetry of spatial LDOS structure is directly linked with the symmetry of properly defined local strain field (LSF) map, for a wide energy range. The relationship confirms qualitatively predictions obtained on the basis of the concept of a pseudomagnetic field, used in continuum models of graphene, including strain induced effects. The conductance spectra of deformed GQD as a device connected to semi-infinite graphene armchair nanoribbons as reservoirs are studied in a frame of tight-binding (TB) model in combination with non-equilibrium Green’s-functions technique (NEGF).
Indian Ocean Dipole and ENSO’s mechanistic importance in modulating the ensuing-summer precipitation over Eastern China
Authors: Zhang Yue , Zhou Wen , Wang Xin , Chen Sheng , Chen Jiepeng , Li Shanshan
Published: June 2022

Eastern China was extremely wet in summer 2020, which is found to be related to the potential delayed effects of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). Additional knowledge is warranted to improve our understanding of detailed mechanisms of such an effect. In this study, we compared physical processes associated with delayed effects of the IOD and El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on summer precipitation. Partial correlation and composite analysis reveal that ENSO modulates precipitation mainly over the Yangtze River Valley, whereas IOD benefits precipitation farther north. Both IOD and ENSO can stimulate anticyclonic circulation over the western North Pacific (WNP) in the ensuing summer but with different spatial distributions related to the different sea surface temperature (SST) evolution processes. IOD is similarly followed by warming signals in the Indian Ocean, known as the “capacitor” effect, but the location is closer to Australia than that associated with ENSO. IOD also stimulates significant SST cooling anomalies over the equatorial Pacific during the ensuing summer, jointly contributing to the anomalous anticyclone over WNP. Numerical experiments confirm that combined effects of the Indian Ocean “capacitor” and equatorial Pacific cooling can generate an anomalous anticyclone with wider distribution in the meridional direction over WNP.
Distributed learning for heterogeneous clinical data with application to integrating COVID-19 data across 230 sites
Authors: Tong Jiayi , Luo Chongliang , Islam Md Nazmul , Sheils Natalie E. , Buresh John , Edmondson Mackenzie , Merkel Peter A. , Lautenbach Ebbing , Duan Rui , Chen Yong
Published: June 2022

Integrating real-world data (RWD) from several clinical sites offers great opportunities to improve estimation with a more general population compared to analyses based on a single clinical site. However, sharing patient-level data across sites is practically challenging due to concerns about maintaining patient privacy. We develop a distributed algorithm to integrate heterogeneous RWD from multiple clinical sites without sharing patient-level data. The proposed distributed conditional logistic regression (dCLR) algorithm can effectively account for between-site heterogeneity and requires only one round of communication. Our simulation study and data application with the data of 14,215 COVID-19 patients from 230 clinical sites in the UnitedHealth Group Clinical Research Database demonstrate that the proposed distributed algorithm provides an estimator that is robust to heterogeneity in event rates when efficiently integrating data from multiple clinical sites. Our algorithm is therefore a practical alternative to both meta-analysis and existing distributed algorithms for modeling heterogeneous multi-site binary outcomes.
Harmonization and standardization of data for a pan-European cohort on SARS- CoV-2 pandemic
Authors: Rinaldi Eugenia , Stellmach Caroline , Rajkumar Naveen Moses Raj , Caroccia Natascia , Dellacasa Chiara , Giannella Maddalena , Guedes Mariana , Mirandola Massimo , Scipione Gabriella , Tacconelli Evelina , Thun Sylvia
Published: June 2022

The European project ORCHESTRA intends to create a new pan-European cohort to rapidly advance the knowledge of the effects and treatment of COVID-19. Establishing processes that facilitate the merging of heterogeneous clusters of retrospective data was an essential challenge. In addition, data from new ORCHESTRA prospective studies have to be compatible with earlier collected information to be efficiently combined. In this article, we describe how we utilized and contributed to existing standard terminologies to create consistent semantic representation of over 2500 COVID-19-related variables taken from three ORCHESTRA studies. The goal is to enable the semantic interoperability of data within the existing project studies and to create a common basis of standardized elements available for the design of new COVID-19 studies. We also identified 743 variables that were commonly used in two of the three prospective ORCHESTRA studies and can therefore be directly combined for analysis purposes. Additionally, we actively contributed to global interoperability by submitting new concept requests to the terminology Standards Development Organizations.
Multiple magnetic orders in LaFeAs1-xPxO uncover universality of iron-pnictide superconductors
Authors: Stadel Ryan , Khalyavin Dmitry D. , Manuel Pascal , Yokoyama Koji , Lapidus Saul , Christensen Morten H. , Fernandes Rafael M. , Phelan Daniel , Chung Duck Young , Osborn Raymond , Rosenkranz Stephan , Chmaissem Omar
Published: June 2022

The iron-pnictide superconductors have generated tremendous excitement as the competition between magnetism and superconductivity has allowed unique in-roads towards elucidating a microscopic theory of unconventional high-temperature superconductivity. In addition to the stripe spin density wave ($${C}_{2M}^{a}$$

C

2
M

a

) phase observed in the parent compounds of all iron-pnictide superconductors, two novel magnetic orders have recently been discovered in different parent structures: an out-of-plane collinear double-Q ($${C}_{4M}^{c}$$

C

4
M

c

) structure in the hole-doped (Ca, Sr, Ba)1-x(Na)xFe2As2 and Ba1-xKxFe2As2 families, and a spin vortex crystal “hedgehog” ($${C}_{4M}^{{ab}}$$

C

4
M

a
b

) structure in the CaKFe4As4 family. Using neutron diffraction, we demonstrate that LaFeAs1-xPxO contains all three magnetic orders within a single-phase diagram as a function of substitution, all of which compete strongly with superconductivity. Our experimental observations combined with theoretical modeling demonstrate how the reduction in electronic correlations by chemical substitution results in larger Fermi surfaces and the sequential stabilization of multiple magnetic anisotropies. Our work presents a unified narrative for the competing magnetic and superconducting phases observed in various iron-pnictide systems with different crystal structures and chemistry.
In situ microenvironment remodeling using a dual-responsive system: photodegradable hydrogels and gene activation by visible light
Authors: Lee Eunjee A. , Kim Seoyeon , Jin Yoonhee , Cho Seung-Woo , Yang Kisuk , Hwang Nathaniel S. , Kim Hwan D.
Published: June 2022

A visible-light-responsive polymer enabling in situ microenvironment remodeling and a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene activation influenced stem cells in wound healing and an ischemic hindlimb treatment.
N/O→B dative bonds supplemented by N–HN/HC hydrogen bonds make BN-cages an attractive candidate for DNA-nucleobase adsorption – an MP2 prediction
Authors: Muniyandi Saraswathi , Sundaram Rajashabala , Roy Ajit K. , Kar Tapas
Published: June 2022

MP2/6-311+G** geometries and adsorption energies (Eads) of the nano-bio-hybrid B12N12-adenine/guanine/cytosine/thymine systems. Hydrogen bonds (HB) in each structure are marked in green color.
Predicting spinel solid solutions using a random atom substitution method
Authors: Dickson Robert C. , Manning Troy D. , Raj Edwin S. , Booth Jonathan C. S. , Rosseinsky Matthew J. , Dyer Matthew S.
Published: June 2022

The vc-ChemDASH methodology allows for the simultaneous evolution of composition and configuration of a system to find stable solid solutions.
Recent status and challenges in multifunctional electrocatalysis based on 2D MXenes
Authors: Ponnada Srikanth , Kiai Maryam Sadat , Gorle Demudu Babu , Bose Rapaka S. C. , Rajagopal Venkatachalam , Saini Bhagirath , Kathiresan Murugavel , Nowduri Annapurna , Singhal Rahul , Marken Frank , Kulandainathan Manickam Anbu , Nanda Karuna Kar , Sharma Rakesh K.
Published: June 2022

This review throws light on the development and emerging electrocatalytic applications of potentially important 2D material MXene with specific references to oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
Mg3(Bi,Sb)2-based thermoelectric modules for efficient and reliable waste-heat utilization up to 750 K
Authors: Fu Yuntian , Zhang Qihao , Hu Zhongliang , Jiang Meng , Huang Aibin , Ai Xin , Wan Shun , Reith Heiko , Wang Lianjun , Nielsch Kornelius , Jiang Wan
Published: June 2022

This work develops an efficient, environmentally friendly and cost-effective thermoelectric module for mid-temperature waste heat recovery by using n-type Se-doped Mg3(Bi,Sb)2 and p-type CoSb3-based skutterudite.
Performance evaluation of a 3D-printed sharp-cut cyclone
Authors: Albanes E. , Bezantakos S. , Costi M. , Biskos G.
Published: June 2022

Sharp-Cute Cyclones (SSCs) are frequently employed as particle separators in aerosol metrology. Here we report on the manufacturing of a cost-effective SCC by 3D-printing, and on the comparison of its performance against a metallic counterpart.
Transport of tetracycline in saturated porous media: combined functions of inorganic ligands and solution pH
Authors: Wei Qiqi , Zhang Qiang , Jin Yihan , Farooq Usman , Chen Weifeng , Lu Taotao , Li Deliang , Qi Zhichong
Published: June 2022

Synergistic effects of inorganic ligands and solution pH on TC transport in saturated quartz sand.
Assessment of the start-up of the passive aeration simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (PASND) process using activated sludge as a sole seed for low-energy C and N removal
Authors: Li Qiming , Abdelfattah Abdallah , Yu Yang-Yang , Hossain Md Iqbal , Cheng Liang
Published: June 2022

PASND can be quickly started using activated sludge as the sole seed and can treat C and N with low energy consumption.
Closed-loop chemical recycling of thermosetting polymers and their applications: a review
Authors: Liu Yanlin , Yu Zhen , Wang Binbo , Li Pengyun , Zhu Jin , Ma Songqi
Published: June 2022

This review provides an overview of the closed-loop recycling of thermosets via hydrolysis and dynamic exchange reactions.
Photocatalytic dye degradation using BiVO4–paint composite coatings
Authors: Kumar Manish , Vaish Rahul
Published: June 2022

Bismuth vanadate (BiVO4)–paint composites coated on the aluminium sheet surface were fabricated with different BiVO4 amounts (0, 20, and 40 wt%) in paint.
Photochemical and electrochemical regioselective cross-dehydrogenative C(sp2)–H sulfenylation and selenylation of substituted benzo[a]phenazin-5-ols
Authors: Nayek Nayana , Karmakar Pintu , Mandal Mullicka , Karmakar Indrajit , Brahmachari Goutam
Published: June 2022

The essence of photo- and electrochemistry: sulfenylation and selenylation of substituted benzo[a]phenazin-5-ols through cross-dehydrogenative C(sp2)–H functionalization.
Computational predictions of quantum thermal transport across nanoscale interfaces
Authors: Zhou Hangbo , Ong Zhun-Yong , Zhang Gang , Zhang Yong-Wei
Published: June 2022

Phonon scattering at interfaces: The underlying mechanism of quantum thermal transport across nanoscale interfaces.
A block copolymer templated approach for the preparation of nanoporous polymer structures and cellulose fiber hybrids by ozone treatment
Authors: Gemmer Lea , Hu Qiwei , Niebuur Bart-Jan , Kraus Tobias , Balzer Bizan N. , Gallei Markus
Published: June 2022

Porous nanostructures were derived after self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers and subsequent ozone-mediated block segment degradation. Highly ordered pores were obtained for BCP films and for coatings at cellulose fibers’ surfaces.
Molecular investigations on Candida glabrata clinical isolates for pharmacological targeting
Authors: Gupta Hrishikesh , Gupta Payal , Kairamkonda Manikyaprabhu , Poluri Krishna Mohan
Published: June 2022

The clinical isolates of Candida glabrata were characterized and found to be different in terms of metabolic pathways that could be targeted for drug development.
Synergy effect of CuO on CuCo2O4 for methane catalytic combustion
Authors: Shao Xiaoqiang , He Jia , Su Qin , Zhao Donglin , Feng Shaojie
Published: June 2022

CuO and CuCo2O4 exhibit a synergistic effect in catalyzing methane combustion, which increases the oxidation rate of methane on the surface of (CuO)0.2–CuCo2O4 composite oxide and decreasing the methane combustion temperature.
Appraisal of novel azomethine–thioxoimidazolidinone conjugates as ecto-5′-nucleotidase inhibitors: synthesis and molecular docking studies
Authors: Channar Pervaiz Ali , Bano Sehrish , Hassan Sidra , Perveen Fouzia , Saeed Aamer , Mahesar Parvez Ali , Khan Imtiaz Ali , Iqbal Jamshed
Published: June 2022

Azomethine–thioxoimidazolidinone conjugates as ecto-5′-nucleotidase inhibitors.
The effect of two anionic membranes (AMI 7001s and Neosepta AMX) on the electrodeposition of manganese from sulphate solutions
Authors: Reyes-Morales Q. L. , Reyes-Cruz V. E. , Estrada A. Trujillo , Cobos-Murcia J. A. , Reyes G. Urbano , Labra M. Pérez , Robledo A. Manzo , Bautista S. Vázquez , Meneses E. Ramírez
Published: June 2022

A more stable deposit was obtained with both membranes at current densities greater than 100 A m−2 and maximum efficiency of 63% at −200 Am−2 (with a purity of 92%), but the consumption of sulphate ions is different in each.
Poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) containing solid lipid polymer hybrid nanoparticles for controlled delivery of a hydrophilic drug gemcitabine hydrochloride
Authors: Surapaneni Sai Geetika , Ambade Ashootosh V.
Published: June 2022

A hydrophilic polymer, poly(N-vinylcaprolactam), incorporated into solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) imparts better encapsulation and controlled release of gemcitabine.
Total synthesis, structure revision and cytotoxic activity of Sch 53825 and its derivatives
Authors: Xu Leichuan , Ma Haoyun , An Xinkun , Li Yihao , Zhang Qian , Liu Xinlei , Wang Mingan
Published: June 2022

The first total synthesis of Sch 53825 (14) was achieved in 12 steps from 5-hydroxy-1-tetralone in 16% overall yield throughN-benzyl cinchoninium chloride-catalyzed asymmetric epoxidation and a Mitsunobu reaction as the key steps.
Utilization of a mixed matrix membrane modified by novel dendritic fibrous nanosilica (KCC-1-NH-CS2) toward water purification
Authors: Mahmoudian Mehdi , Gharabaghlou Mahsa Anvari , Shadjou Nasrin
Published: June 2022

KCC-1-NH-CS2 has been used to improve the performance of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene membrane.
Wetting dynamics of viscoelastic solid films
Authors: Yamaguchi Tetsuo , Morishita Masatoshi , Sano Tomohiko G. , Doi Masao
Published: June 2022

We study the wetting phenomena of a soft viscoelastic solid film on a smooth and flat substrate.
Protein corona alters the mechanisms of interaction between silica nanoparticles and lipid vesicles
Authors: Arribas Perez Marcos , Beales Paul A.
Published: June 2022

We find that a simple protein corona formed by bovine serum albumin alters the strength and mechanism of interaction of silica nanoparticles with lipid membranes and the observed response of the vesicles.
Machine learning for design principles for single atom catalysts towards electrochemical reactions
Authors: Tamtaji Mohsen , Gao Hanyu , Hossain Md Delowar , Galligan Patrick Ryan , Wong Hoilun , Liu Zhenjing , Liu Hongwei , Cai Yuting , Goddard William A. , Luo Zhengtang
Published: June 2022

Machine learning (ML) integrated density functional theory (DFT) calculations have recently been used to accelerate the design and discovery of heterogeneous catalysts such as single atom catalysts (SACs) through the establishment of deep structure–activity relationships.
Current state-of-the-art characterization methods for probing defect passivation towards efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Cao Duoling , Li Wenbo , Zhang Xu , Wan Li , Guo Zhiguang , Wang Xianbao , Eder Dominik , Wang Shimin
Published: June 2022

Several advanced characterization methods used for defect passivation were reviewed, including capacitance measurements, spectrometry and microscopy characterizations, as well as some newly appliedin situtechniques.
Synergistic SERS enhancement and in situ monitoring of photocatalytic reactions in a plasmonic metal/ferroelectric hybrid system by the light-induced pyroelectric effect
Authors: You Daotong , Wang Ru , Xie Jiwei , Liu Lei , Li Kaiwei , Han Xile , Guo Tuan , Xu Chunxiang
Published: June 2022

Pyroelectric electric fields-modulated SERS substrate based on Ag nanowires–BiFeO3/carbon nanofibers enables vibration-free nanogenerators and miniaturizes E-SERS measurements.
Insights from molecular dynamics simulations for interaction between cellulose microfibrils and hemicellulose
Authors: Kong Yi , Li Libo , Fu Shiyu
Published: June 2022

The interaction between cellulose microfibrils and xylan is crucial for the strength of the secondary cell wall of vascular plants.
A highly sensitive and selective nitric oxide/butanone temperature-dependent sensor based on waste biomass-derived mesoporous SnO2 hierarchical microtubes
Authors: Song Bao-Yu , Li Cheng , Zhang Xian-Fa , Gao Rui , Cheng Xiao-Li , Deng Zhao-Peng , Xu Ying-Ming , Huo Li-Hua , Gao Shan
Published: June 2022

Waste biomass-derived mesoporous SnO2 hierarchical microtubes are fabricated as temperature-dependent dual-functional gas sensor.
Enzymatic elaboration of oxime-linked glycoconjugates in solution and on liposomes
Authors: Silva Joana , Spiess Reynard , Marchesi Andrea , Flitsch Sabine L. , Gough Julie E. , Webb Simon J.
Published: June 2022

Despite existing as a mixture of isomers, reducing sugar oximes can still be substrates for glycosyltransferases.
Fabrication of injectable hydrogels from an anticancer peptide for local therapeutic delivery and synergistic photothermal–chemotherapy
Authors: Liu Na , Wu Shunjie , Tian Xin , Li Xinming
Published: June 2022

An injectable hydrogel with the potential for synergistic photothermal–chemotherapy was developed from an anticancer peptide.
Heat-shedding with photonic structures: radiative cooling and its potential
Authors: Heo Se-Yeon , Lee Gil Ju , Song Young Min
Published: June 2022

Radiative cooling, which is based on radiative heat exchange between the universe and Earth, can provide a passive and renewable route to reducing energy consumption. This review highlights recent progress and continued efforts for radiative cooling.
High-quality diamond microparticles containing SiV centers grown by chemical vapor deposition with preselected seeds
Authors: Zhang Tongtong , Gupta Madhav , Jing Jixiang , Wang Zhongqiang , Guo Xuyun , Zhu Ye , Yiu Yau Chuen , Hui Tony K.C. , Wang Qi , Li Kwai Hei , Chu Zhiqin
Published: June 2022

Diamond microparticles containing SiV centers with superior properties are fabricated on a Si substrate by CVD using salt-assisted air-oxidized nanodiamond seeds. Ultrasensitive all-optical thermometry is demonstrated by the high-quality sample.
A novel dual-tone molecular glass resist based on adamantane derivatives for electron beam lithography
Authors: Hu Shengwen , Chen Jinping , Yu Tianjun , Zeng Yi , Wang Shuangqing , Guo Xudong , Yang Guoqiang , Li Yi
Published: June 2022

A novel dual-tone molecular glass (AD-10Boc) resist was developed for electron beam lithography. The AD-10Boc resist can resolve dense line patterns of 21 nm and 30 nm L/S for negative-tone and positive-tone development, respectively.
Polythiophene-mediated light modulation of membrane potential and calcium signalling in human adipose-derived stem/stromal cells
Authors: Abdel Aziz Ilaria , Maver Leonardo , Giannasi Chiara , Niada Stefania , Brini Anna T. , Antognazza Maria Rosa
Published: June 2022

Optical control of human adipose-derived stem cells: a new tool for regenerative medicine.
Highly thermostable fluoride nanocrystal-in-glass composites (NGCs) for mid-infrared emission
Authors: Yang Dandan , Zhao Tianzhu , Liang Heng , Kang Juan , Huang Xiongjian , Pan Qiwen , Dong Guoping
Published: June 2022

By introducing a robust shell, the heat-induced interaction between NCs/NCs or NCs/glass is effectively suppressed, resulting in improved thermal stability of NCs and efficient mid-infrared emission in fluoride NC-in-oxide glass composites.
Achieving diversified emissive behaviors of AIE, TADF, RTP, dual-RTP and mechanoluminescence from simple organic molecules by positional isomerism
Authors: Xiong Yu , Gong Junyi , Liu Junkai , Wang Deliang , Wu Hongzhuo , Zhao Zheng , Fang Manman , Li Zhen , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: June 2022

A facile strategy to achieve simple organic isomers featuring diversified emissive behaviors of AIE, TADF, RTP, dual-RTP, and ML via a subtle variation in the substitution position is presented for the first time.
Realizing the efficiency-stability balance for all-polymer photovoltaic blends
Authors: Yao Shangfei , Yang Tao , Shen Xiaodong , Li Tongzhou , Huang Bingzhang , Liu Heng , Lu Xinhui , Liu Tao , Zou Bingsuo
Published: June 2022

A block copolymerization strategy was used to achieve a high performance all-polymer blend with an acceptable efficiency of 13.6% and better efficiency-stability balance compared with its binary counterpart.
Extensive performance investigation of Luo converter‐based modified firefly maximum point tracking algorithm for permanent magnet synchronous motor‐driven photovoltaic pumping system
Authors: Priyadarshi Neeraj , Maroti Pandav Kiran , Hussien Mohamed G.
Published: June 2022

This research paper deals the practical performance analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) drives‐based photovoltaic (PV) pumping applications. A modified firefly algorithm (MFA) based maximum power point tracker (MPPT) with Luo converter is employed. In this research work, equated to classical Firefly algorithm, the degree of attractiveness (α) has been updated in each iteration number with rejection of coefficients of absorption (β) as well as random movement factor (γ) to achieve faster PV tracked efficiency with rapid convergence velocity. Vector‐oriented inverter control strategy depending on solar irradiance has been used for controlling the rate of converter/water flow. The proposed standalone PV pumping system has been tested under highly weather fluctuating conditions which provide efficient, accurate and feasible option for water pumping in remote areas. Experimental results have been justified using dSPACE (DS1104) practical environment.
Online monitoring of oil wear debris image based on CNN
Authors: Wang Han , Zuo Hongfu , Liu Zhenzhen , Zhou Di , Yan Hongsheng , Zhao Xin , Pecht Michael
Published: June 2022

Image monitoring of oil wear particles is currently only applicable to microflows and is susceptible to bubble interference. This paper develops an optical oil-monitoring system that can be used for large-diameter pipes with high flow rates. A shallow and wide observation cell with an equivalent diameter of Φ5 mm is designed to allow a theoretical maximum monitoring flow rate of about 8 L/min, which is a significant improvement over current image monitoring of generally less than Φ2 mm pipes. A low-magnification (0.8X– 5X) stereoscopic microscope head is used to improve the field of view and depth of field, and a high-speed camera is used to increase the flow range that can be monitored. A set of experimental platforms is also constructed to produce bubbles and wear particles separately. Images of the wear particles and bubbles are then collected for subsequent training and verification of image classification algorithms. A motion object extraction algorithm based on background differences and the Otsu method is used to extract debris and bubble images, and a convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithm is used to distinguish between bubbles and debris. Compared with the traditional morphological feature extraction method, histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) feature extraction method,k-nearest neighbor (KNN) classification algorithm, and support vector machine (SVM) classification algorithm, the CNN algorithm eliminates the tedious process of feature extraction and selection, and has better classification results. The experimental results show that the system can effectively collect wear particle and bubble images and classify them, and the classification accuracy can reach 91.8%.
An efficient dynamics model of spur gear drive with curved path of contact in mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication
Authors: Liu Lei , Ni Jiale
Published: June 2022

Design of new tooth shapes have been the focus of gear researchers aimed at overcoming the defects of involute gears. For the spur gear drive with curved path of contact, normal contact loads between engaged teeth vary in direction and magnitude, which makes it difficult to build the dynamics model of the gear drive. The current models treat the curved path of contact as an equivalent straight line without considering directional variation of normal tooth loads. This paper presents an efficient tribo-dynamics integrated model for this type of gear drive including effects of alternate meshing of single-double tooth pairs. Directional variation of normal tooth loads is considered by invoking geometric parameters of meshing points instantly. And the transient lubrication properties in mixed elastohydrodynamic lubrication are also taken into account without extensive numerical simulations. The dynamics model of a gear drive with constant relative curvature (CRC gear drive) is given as an example. The model is verified with the results of the finite element model. The results indicate that the CRC gear drive has advantages over the involute gear drive in terms of lubrication performance and mechanical efficiency. The proposed model can be used to analyze dynamics features of gear drives with curved path of contact comprehensively.
Information sharing in a collectors-led closed-loop supply chain
Authors: Cai Keyuan , Zhang Yiwen , Lou Yaqi , He Shuguang
Published: June 2022

This paper considers a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) in which two collectors provide used products to a manufacturer for remanufacturing. The collectors act as the channel leader, while the manufacturer is the follower and possesses private demand forecast information. We aim to investigate the manufacturer’s information sharing strategy and the effect of different information sharing strategies on the participants in the CLSC. We find that the manufacturer has an incentive to share its demand forecast information with the collectors. When the collectors’ investment cost-efficiency is high, the manufacturer prefers to share its information with only one collector. Under this scenario, the collector obtains the highest expected profit in all the information sharing cases. In addition, when the investment cost-efficiency is low, the manufacturer is willing to share its information with both collectors.
Angsterkrankungen in der Rehabilitation
Authors: Chrysanthou Sophia , Köllner Volker
Published: June 2022

Angststörungen gehören zu den häufigsten und sozialmedizinisch relevantesten psychischen Erkrankungen. Die richtige Diagnose und die Einleitung einer angemessenen Therapie sind von größter Bedeutung für die Prognose der Patienten:innen und für die Sicherung ihrer sozialen und beruflichen Teilhabe. Dieser Artikel soll daher einen Überblick über neue Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der Angststörungen geben, die für die Rehabilitation relevant sind.