bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of combined meniscus tear on quality of life after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Harhaji Vladimir , Subasic Stojan , Ninkovic Srdjan , Lalic Ivica , Salamon Tatjana , Ristic Vladimir
Published: June 2016

Introduction. An anterior cruciate ligament injury represents a significant
epidemiological problem worldwide, especially due to involving young, sporty
and active working-age population. This study has been conducted in order to
compare the quality of life of patients who had isolated anterior cruciate
ligament tear and of those who suffered from an associated meniscal injury.
Material and Methods. This study included 185 patients who had undergone
reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament at the Department of
Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology in Novi Sad from January 1st, 2012 to
December 31st, 2012. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group A
consisted of patients who had anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction only,
and group B consisted of patients who had partial meniscectomy in addition to
the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The follow-up period was 12
months. Results. Distribution of patients by gender was significantly in
favor of men. In our study, 146 patients were male and 39 patients were
female. The average age of patients was 26.1 years overall (16-55 years),
being 26.9 years for men, and 23.3 years for female patients. Out of 185
patients, 110 had an isolated anterior cruciate ligament injury, while 75
suffered both meniscus, internal or external, and anterior cruciate ligament
injury. Conclusion. The comparison of the quality of life of patients in both
groups showed no statistically significant difference. Therefore, we were
not able to prove the hypothesis about the superior quality of life of those
patients who had suffered from a ruptured anterior cruciate ligament only.
An incidental finding of thymic carcinoma during elective coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Jonjev Zivojin , Pavlovic Milorad , Ilic Bojan , Samardzija Golub
Published: June 2016

Introduction. Thymoma is a rare malignant tumor of the anterior mediastinum.
Thymic squamous cell carcinoma has been recognized as an aggressive form of
thymoma with different behavior. It is associated with paraneoplastic
syndromes, variety of clinical presentations, different way of treatment and
complex prognosis. Improved imaging techniques show that an early diagnosis
of thymoma is possible, which makes thymoma a potentially dangerous but
preventable disease. Case Report. In this report, we describe the clinical
and histological findings of a patient with incidental finding of squamous
cell thymic carcinoma presented during elective coronary artery bypass
grafting surgery.
Presence of histopathological premalignant lesions and infection caused by high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus in patients with suspicious cytological and colposcopy results: A prospective study
Authors: Golubovic Mileta , Lopicic Milena , Terzic Natasa , Djurovic Marija , Mugosa Boban , Mijovic Gordana
Published: June 2016

Background/Aim. In patients with premalignant cervical lesions, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, at any moment, may be spontaneously eliminated, or may persist or transform cervical epithelium from a lower to a higher degree. Due to that, it is necessary to wisely select the patients who are at high risk of cancer development. The aim of the study was to establish the interdependence between a suspicious Papanicolaou (Pap) test and colposcopy with the infection caused by high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus and the presence of premalignant cervical lesions. Methods. This prospective study used cytological, colposcopy, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of high-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus and histopathological analysis of cervical biopsy specimen. Out of 2,578 female patients sent to cytological analyses in Clinical Center of Montenegro, during 2012, 2013 and 2014, the study included 80 women who had to submit their biopsy specimens due to a suspicious Pap test and atypical colposcopy results. Results. In the group of 80 (3.1%; n = 80/2,578) of the selected female patients with suspicious Pap test and colposcopy, 2/3 or 56 (70%) of them had cervicitis, and 1/3 or 24 (30%) had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. The most common type in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was HPV16 in 8 female patients, ie 61.53% out of the number of infected, or 33.33% out of the total number of premalignant lesions. Conclusion. Patients with suspicious Papanicolaou test, colposcopy results and infection which is caused by high-risk HPV infection (HPV 16 in particular) often have premalignant cervical lesions. In these cases, histopathological confirmation of lesions is mandatory, since it serves as a definitive diagnostic procedure.
An enigma of eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: Vracaric Vladimir , Savic Zeljka , Zivojinov Mirjana , Damjanov Dragomir , Krnetic Zarko , Jocic Tatiana
Published: June 2016

Introduction. Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic immunogenic-antigen mediated disease of the esophagus, characterized by symptoms related to esophagus dysfunction, histologically defined by over 15 eosinophil counts seen in high-power microscopic field, without gastroesophageal reflux disease. In adults, the most common clinical manifestations are dysphagia, reflux, chest pain, regurgitation and bolus impaction. Case report. We presented the case of a female patient, hospitalized for a serious form of pancreatitis with complications, which required artificial ventilation and enteral feeding, after the initial esophagoscopy verified reflux esophagitis. Further treatment cured the primary illness, and peroral feeding was reintroduced. However, dysphagia with regurgitation occurred, and endoscopic and radiological tests verified esophagus stenosis, which histopathologically corresponded to erosive esophagitis. Two months of treatment by a double dosage of proton pump inhibitors led to no regression of disorders, and the repeated biopsies from the stenotic segments resulted in over 30 eosinophil counts in the high-power microscopic field, which histologically corresponds to eosinophilic esophagitis. Subsequent therapy included fluticasone 880 ?g/day orally for a period of eight weeks, which led to complete regression of disorders, and endoscopic and histopathologic remission. Conclusion. In case of irresponsiveness to the conventional therapy by proton pump inhibitors, repeated esophagoscopy and histopathological analyses of esophagus mucosa biopsy can point to the diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis, and a good therapeutic response to topical corticosteroids can be regarded as the clinical confirmation of the diagnosis.
QWERTY, ЙЦУКЕН and Serbian keyboard: Do we need a new standard?
Authors: Bukvic Rajko
Published: June 2016

The article considers the compatibility of the Serbian Cyrillic script with
the scripts used in the keyboard layouts of typewriters and computers. After
a short overview on the most popular keyboard layouts (so-called universal,
i.e. QWERTY, that is primarily intended for Anglo-Saxon and German world,
and ??????, intended for the part of the world using the Cyrillic script),
it is pointed out that the layout identified as Serbian in reality is the
QWERTY with minor modifications. In the second part of the article, with the
use of Markov chains and empirically examplified by Seobe (Migrations - one
of the most popular novels of the Serbian literature), the incompatibility
of these layouts for the Serbian Cyrillic script is confirmed, and thus the
need for a new standard is emphasized.
Teachers' attitudes toward multiculturalism in Vojvodina
Authors: Pozar Hajnalka , Pozar Caba
Published: June 2016

The multicultural context of a society continues to indicate new requirements
to which it must respond, with new solutions in the form of competence in
interactions with different cultural minorities, and providing the
opportunity to acquire intercultural competence, taking into account and
respecting the culture and traditions of cultural minorities. The goal of
this research is to analyse the teachers? views of multiculturalism in high
school teaching. The data were collected on the attitudes of the respondents
toward minority cultures, the willingness to cooperate with the culturally
different, the efficacy of intercultural content in different areas, the
presence of prejudices of the respondents to different nationalities, and so
on. The survey was conducted as a cross-sectional study; 90 teachers were
interviewed in the municipalities of Subotica and Novi Sad. The survey
instrument was a questionnaire. The research results show that there is a
positive openness to the acceptance of cultural diversity. Teachers think
that it is important for students to know their own culture and to respect
other cultures. Further?more, tolerance should be given more attention during
classes. As for the content of the curriculum, teachers are interested the
most in the contents regarding addictions and sexual education. In addition
to that, the majority of the teachers would like to include in their lessons
more facts about different cultural traditions and ethnic minorities, which
shows their motivation to deal with the issues mentioned beforehand.
Novi Sad newspaper Zastava coverage about the assassination of Franz Ferdinand
Authors: Barovic Vladimir
Published: June 2016

Novi Sad newspaper titled Zastava, founded in 1866 by a great politi?cian
Svetozar Miletic, had a great influence on Serbian public in Vojvodina. At
the time of Franz Ferdinand?s assassination, June 28, 1914 in Sarajevo, the
newspaper was in a very complex political and social situation. At that time,
Zastava was the organ of the Serbian National Radical Party, edited by a
famous politician and journalist Jasa Tomic. The coverage in Zastava about
media discours research of this specific historical event had a big impact on
the history of our media. Austro-Hungarian government pressure, psychosis,
pursuits and other elements significaly affected journalists? reports at the
time. Main goal of this research is to determine in which manner the
journalists of the most valuable media of the Serbs from Vojvodina reported
about the assassination that led to the outbreak of the World War I.
Implications of a Multi-Purpose Reporting System on CEO and CFO Incentives and Risk Preferences
Authors: Friedman Henry L.
Published: June 2016

This paper presents a model in which the CEO generates productive output while the CFO oversees a reporting system that provides information useful for monitoring, decision-making, and contracting, but is also subject to costly manipulation. Because the reporting system serves multiple roles, the CEO's compensation incentives and the quality of the reporting system can be substitutes or complements. When they are substitutes, the CEO's incentive compensation is positively related to performance metric risk, firm value can be increasing in the CFO's risk aversion, and high biasing costs can reduce the positive association between firm value and CFO risk aversion. Whether they are primarily substitutes or complements can depend on the speed of decreasing returns to scale in the production function. The potential value of CEO-CFO collusion in this setting is explored in an extension.
The everyday politics of India’s “land wars” in rural eastern India
Authors: Nielsen Kenneth Bo
Published: June 2016

The large-scale transfer of land from rural communities to private corporations
has become a defining feature of India’s development trajectory. These land
transfers have given rise to a multitude of new “land wars” as dispossessed groups
have struggled to retain their land. Yet while much has been written about the
political economy of development that underpins this new form of dispossession,
the ways in which those threatened with dispossession have sought to mobilize
have to a lesser extent been subject to close ethnographic scrutiny. This article
argues that an “everyday politics” perspective can enhance our understanding of
India’s new land wars, using a case from Singur as the starting point. The agenda
is twofold. I show how everyday life domains and sociopolitical relations pertaining
to caste, class, gender, and party political loyalty were crucial to the making
of the Singur movement and its politics. Second, by analyzing the movement in
processual terms, I show how struggles over land can be home to a multitude of
political meanings and aspirations as participants seek to use new political forums
to resculpt everyday sociopolitical relations.
Patency of anterior circulation branch vessels after Pipeline embolization: longer-term results from 82 aneurysm cases
Authors: Rangel-Castilla Leonardo , Munich Stephan A. , Jaleel Naser , Cress Marshall C. , Krishna Chandan , Sonig Ashish , Snyder Kenneth V. , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Levy Elad I.
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVE

The Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) has become increasingly used for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Given its high metal surface area coverage, there is concern for the patency of branch vessels that become covered by the device. Limited data exist regarding the patency of branch vessels adjacent to aneurysms that are covered by PEDs. The authors assessed the rate of intracranial internal carotid artery, anterior circulation branch vessel patency following PED placement at their institution.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 82 patients who underwent PED treatment between 2009 and 2014 and in whom the PED was identified to cover branch vessels. Patency of the anterior cerebral, posterior communicating, anterior choroidal, and ophthalmic arteries was evaluated using digital subtraction angiography preoperatively and postoperatively after PED deployment and at longer-term follow-up.

RESULTS

Of the 127 arterial branches covered by PEDs, there were no immediate postoperative occlusions. At angiographic follow-up (mean 10 months, range 3–34.7 months), arterial side branches were occluded in 13 (15.8%) of 82 aneurysm cases and included 2 anterior cerebral arteries, 8 ophthalmic arteries, and 3 posterior communicating arteries. No cases of anterior choroidal artery occlusion were observed. Patients with branch occlusion did not experience any neurological symptoms.

CONCLUSIONS

In this large series, the longer-term rate of radiographic side branch arterial occlusion after coverage by a flow diverter was 15.8%. Terminal branch vessels, such as the anterior choroidal artery, remained patent in this series. The authors' series suggests that branch vessel occlusions are clinically silent and should not deter aneurysm treatment with flow diversion.
The Synthesis of Dialkylaminonitrile Derivatives of 2-Formylbenzoic Acid by the Strecker Reaction in an Aqueous Medium
Authors: Soleimani Ebrahim , Khodaei Mohammad Mehdi , Mehrdadi-nejad Parisa , Ghanbari Mohammad
Published: June 2016

A simple and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of some dialkylaminonitrile derivatives of 2-formylbenzoic acid by simply mixing 2-formylbenzoic acids, secondary amines, and sodium cyanide via the Strecker reaction in water at room temperature without any activation or catalyst.
A phylogenetic study of the tribe Antirrhineae: Genome duplications and long‐distance dispersals from the Old World to the New World
Authors: Ogutcen Ezgi , Vamosi Jana C.
Published: June 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Antirrhineae is a large tribe within Plantaginaceae. Mostly concentrated in the Mediterranean Basin, the tribe members are present both in the Old World and the New World. Current Antirrhineae phylogenies have different views on taxonomic relationships, and they lack homogeneity in terms of geographic distribution and ploidy levels. This study aims to investigate the changes in the chromosome numbers along with dispersal routes as definitive characters identifying clades.

METHODS:

With the use of multiple DNA regions and taxon sampling enriched with de novo sequences, we provide an extensive phylogeny for Antirrhineae. The reconstructed phylogeny was then used to investigate changes in ploidy levels and dispersal patterns in the tribe using ChromEvol and RASP, respectively.

KEY RESULTS:

Antirrhineae is a monophyletic group with six highly supported clades. ChromEvol analysis suggests the ancestral haploid chromosome number for the tribe is six, and that the tribe has experienced several duplications and gain events. The Mediterranean Basin was estimated to be the origin for the tribe with four long‐distance dispersals from the Old World to the New World, three of which were associated with genome duplications.

CONCLUSIONS:

On an updated Antirrhineae phylogeny, we showed that the three out of four dispersals from the Old World to the New World were coupled with changes in ploidy levels. The observed patterns suggest that increases in ploidy levels may facilitate dispersing into new environments.
Absence of postmating barriers between a selfing vs. outcrossing Chilean Mimulus species pair
Authors: Stanton Kimmy , Valentin Celine M. , Wijnen Marijke E. , Stutstman Sage , Palacios Jessica J. , Cooley Arielle M.
Published: June 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Reproductive isolation between sympatric species pairs may be maintained by both pre‐ and postmating barriers. Here we evaluate potential barriers to mating between the outcrossing Mimulus luteus and its more highly selfing sympatric congener, M. cupreus, two members of the South American luteus complex of Mimulus.

METHODS:

Seed set was compared following autonomous self‐pollination, manual pollination, conspecific outcrossing, and sympatric and allopatric hybridization, for laboratory‐maintained inbred lines and wild‐collected accessions. Survival and reproductive fitness of hybrids relative to parental species were examined across environments that differed with respect to temperature and soil nutrients, two factors that vary across the ranges of M. luteus and M. cupreus.

KEY RESULTS:

Mimulus luteus was minimally capable of autonomous self‐fertilization, consistent with reliance on an animal pollinator, whereas M. cupreus was a successful selfer across all tested accessions. Postmating barriers to hybridization are negligible, in both low‐ and high‐stress environments, across multiple sympatric and allopatric populations.

CONCLUSION:

As in the North American M. guttatus–M. nasutus species pair, postmating barriers contribute little to isolation between M. luteus and M. cupreus. This result reinforces the importance of premating barriers, specifically species differences in reliance on, and accessibility to, animal pollinators. A unique aspect of the M. luteus–M. cupreus pair is the recent gain of red floral anthocyanin pigmentation in M. cupreus. On the basis of species differences in vegetative anthocyanin production, a facultative stress‐protective response, we propose a potential stress‐protective role for the constitutive floral anthocyanins of M. cupreus.
Lower temperature threshold of black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) development
Authors: Holmes L.A. , VanLaerhoven S.L. , Tomberlin J.K.
Published: June 2016

The black soldier fly has shown great promise in addressing two environmental concerns: (1) waste management; and (2) protein supplementation for use as feed for livestock, poultry, and aquaculture. Thus, tremendous efforts have been placed on mass-production of the black soldier fly. Currently, little is known about the thermal tolerance limits of black soldier fly eggs and immatures. The objective of this study was to determine the lower temperature threshold for black soldier fly development. Development time, egg eclosion and adult emergence success were measured at 12, 16 and 19 °C. We determined that the lower threshold for egg hatch was between 12 and 16 °C, taking 15 days to hatch. Furthermore, we determined that the lower temperature threshold for larvae is between 16 and 19 °C with egg hatch in 7.75 days at 19 °C. Mean development time from egg to adult at 19 °C was 72 days.
Photosynthetic response to nitrogen source and different ratios of nitrogen and phosphorus in toxic cyanobacteria, Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905
Authors: Peng Guotao , Fan Zhengqiu , Wang Xiangrong , Chen Chen
Published: June 2016

The frequent outbreak of cyanobacterial blooms has become a worldwide phenomenon in freshwater ecosystems. Studies have elucidated the close relationship between harmful algal blooms and nutrient contents, including the loading of nitrogen and the ratios of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). In this study, the effect of inorganic (nitrate and ammonium) and organic (urea) nitrogen at varied N/P ratios on the Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905 accumulation and photosynthesis was investigated.  The optimal NO3/P in this study were 30~50 indicated by the cell abundance (4.1×106/mL), pigment concentration (chlorophyll a 3.1 mg/L,  phycocyanin 8.3mg/L), and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (rETR, Ek, α, φPSII and Fv/Fm values), while too high NO3-N (N/P=100:1) would cause an intracellular nitrate inhibition, leading to a decrease of photosynthetic activity. In addition, low concentration of NH4-N (N/P=4:1) would favor the M. aeruginosa growth and photosynthesis, and high NH4/P ratio (>16) would rise the ammonium toxicity of algal cells and affect the N assimilation. In urea treatments, M. aeruginosa responded similarly to the NH4-N treatments both in growth curves and pigment contents, and the favorable N/P ratio was between 16~30, suggested by the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The results demonstrated that the various chemical forms of N and N/P ratios have a significant impact on Microcystis abundance and photosynthesis. More work is needed to figure out the mechanism of nitrogen utilization by Microcystis and  the photosynthetic response to nutrient stress at the molecular level.
‘BIG, HARD and UP!’ A healthy creed for men to live by?
Authors: Van der Watt Stephan
Published: June 2016

The social construction of reality is influenced extensively by the mass media. Commercialised images of masculinity, including discourses to interpret it, are continuously reflected and/or created by sources of mass media, in a myriad of ways. These images are subjectively loaded, but still effectively communicate to us, and even entice and persuade us. It furthermore wields extensive power over men – especially over their self-images, passions, and egos. In this article, dominating images and discourses concerning manhood and male identity – particularly those displayed in men’s health magazines (MHM) – were critically examined. This was done through a thematic analysis of 123 issues (spanning more than 10 years) of MHM cover pages. The investigation showed that MHM is infused with traditional masculine ideology. Moreover, MHM fails to confront discourses that endorse hegemonic masculinity, for the sake of holistic health. It was suggested that a sober, precautionary, health strategy should challenge men to critically engage with MHM’s reigning creed: ‘big, hard and up’. This creed incites a utilitarian view of sexuality within a culture of performance-driven masculinity, which subsequently fuels anxieties that can lead to unhealthy issues, such as body image dissatisfaction. From a pastoral care perspective, it was asserted that (specifically) Christian men need to search for alternative ways to instigate their capacity to experience and facilitate authentic intimacy, in order to work toward the social construction of more balanced and healthy discourses on male identity. Keywords:Masculinity/Masculinities; Men's Health; Male Sexuality; Embodiment; Pastoral Care Perspective
Rural exposure during medical education and student preference for future practice location - a case of Botswana
Authors: Arscott-Mills Tonya , Kebaabetswe Poloko , Tawana Gothusang , Mbuka Deogratias O. , Makgabana-Dintwa Orabile , Sebina Kagiso , Kebaetse Masego , Mokgatlhe Lucky , Nkomazana Oathokwa
Published: June 2016

Background: Botswana’s medical school graduated its first class in 2014. Given the importance of attracting doctors to rural areas the school incorporated rural exposure throughout its curriculum. Aim: This study explored the impact of rural training on students’ attitudes towards rural practice.Setting: The University of Botswana family medicine rural training sites, Maun and Mahalapye.Methods: The study used a mixed-methods design. After rural family medicine rotations, third- and fifth-year students were invited to complete a questionnaire and semi-structured interview. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.Results: The thirty-six participants’ age averaged 23 years and 48.6% were male. Thirtythree desired urban practice in a public institution or university. Rural training did not influence preferred future practice location. Most desired specialty training outside Botswana but planned to practice in Botswana. Professional stagnation, isolation, poorly functioning health facilities, dysfunctional referral systems, and perceived lack of learning opportunities were barriers to rural practice. Lack of recreation and poor infrastructure were personal barriers. Many appreciated the diversity of practice and supportive staff seen in rural practice. Several considered monetary compensation as an enticement for rural practice. Only those with a rural background perceived proximity to family as an incentive to rural practice.Conclusion: The majority of those interviewed plan to practice in urban Botswana, however, they did identify factors that, if addressed, may increase rural practice in the future. Establishing systems to facilitate professional development, strengthening specialists support, and deploying doctors near their home towns are strategies that may improve retention of doctors in rural areas.Keyords: rural health, student perceptions
Chest pain prevalence, causes, and disposition in the emergency department of a regional hospital in Pretoria
Authors: Geyser Mimi , Smith Selma
Published: June 2016

Background: Chest pain is a common clinical syndrome. However, there is a paucity of African studies describing the causes, prevalence, aetiology, and disposition of patients with chest pain presenting in the emergency department (ED).Aim: The aim of this retrospective descriptive study was to determine the prevalence, causes, demographics, and disposition of all adult patients with the main complaint of chest pain presenting at the ED of a regional hospital in South Africa.Methods: Records of all patients 18 years and older presenting with the complaint of chest pain from 1 December 2011 through 10 April 2012 were assessed. A data collection sheet capturing patient demographics and disposition from the ED was used. The diagnosis was subdivided into groups: cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, psychiatric/psychogenic, other, and unknown.Results: Of the 312 patients presenting with chest pain, 210 patient files were retrieved. The prevalence of non-traumatic chest pain was 1.66%. Respiratory disease was the most common cause (36.19%), with pneumonia the most common diagnosis (24.40%). Logistic regression showed diagnoses of acute cardiovascular disease or respiratory disease, older age, and transport by ambulance as being associated with admission.Conclusion: The main cause of acute chest pain was found to be respiratory disease, followed by musculoskeletal disorders. In the African context, the aetiology of acute chest pain differs from that in first world countries. Health workers should therefore pay special attention to respiratory conditions during diagnosis and management in African patients with acute chest pain.Keywords: acute chest pain; prevalence; causes; disposition; emergency department
Effects of Hydrogen Reduction in Microstructure, Mechanical and Thermoelectric Properties of Gas Atomized n-type Bi2Te2.7 Se0.3 Material
Authors: Rimal Pradip , Yoon Sang-Min , Kim Eun-Bin , Lee Chul-Hee , Hong Soon-Jik
Published: June 2016

The recent rise in applications of thermoelectric materials has attracted interest in studies toward the fabrication of thermoelectric materials using mass production techniques. In this study, we successfully fabricate n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 material by a combination of mass production powder metallurgy techniques, gas atomization, and spark plasma sintering. In addition, to examine the effects of hydrogen reduction in the microstructure, the thermoelectric and mechanical properties are measured and analyzed. Here, almost 60% of the oxygen content of the powder are eliminated after hydrogen reduction for 4 h at 360°C. Micrographs of the powder show that the reduced powder had a comparatively clean surface and larger grain sizes than unreduced powder. The density of the consolidated bulk using as-atomized powder and reduced atomized powder exceeds 99%. The thermoelectric power factor of the sample prepared by reduction of powder is 20% better than that of the sample prepared using unreduced powder.
A course in disaster mitigation
Authors: Bundy, PhD Sarah J.
Published: June 2016

While endeavors are underway within the emergency management discipline to develop a unique body of foundational knowledge, widespread acknowledgement and agreement within the emergency management scholarly community of the existence of theoretical foundations and the consistent incorporation of these elements into emergency management research and teaching are still lacking. This article offers an outline of a US-based undergraduate course in mitigation theory and practice that is based on a synthesis of the academic literature related to disaster mitigation as a means to advance the discourse on foundational knowledge and curriculum development. The course outline proposes a set of concepts, theories, propositions, and empirical data that would arguably be fundamental for students in gaining a comprehensive understanding of mitigation in the United States and suggests how that information can be organized and presented in a meaningful way.
DENOISING ALGORITHM FOR THE PIXEL-RESPONSE NON-UNIFORMITY CORRECTION OF A SCIENTIFIC CMOS UNDER LOW LIGHT CONDITIONS
Authors: Hu Changmiao , Bai Yang , Tang Ping
Published: June 2016

Abstract. We present a denoising algorithm for the pixel-response non-uniformity correction of a scientific complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor, which captures images under extremely low-light conditions. By analyzing the integrating sphere experimental data, we present a pixel-by-pixel flat-field denoising algorithm to remove this fixed pattern noise, which occur in low-light conditions and high pixel response readouts. The response of the CMOS image sensor imaging system to the uniform radiance field shows a high level of spatial uniformity after the denoising algorithm has been applied.
NO-REFERENCE IMAGE QUALITY ASSESSMENT FOR ZY3 IMAGERY IN URBAN AREAS USING STATISTICAL MODEL
Authors: Zhang Y. , Cui W.H. , Yang F. , Wu Z.C.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. More and more high-spatial resolution satellite images are produced with the improvement of satellite technology. However, the quality of images is not always satisfactory for application. Due to the impact of complicated atmospheric conditions and complex radiation transmission process in imaging process the images often suffer deterioration. In order to assess the quality of remote sensing images over urban areas, we proposed a general purpose image quality assessment methods based on feature extraction and machine learning. We use two types of features in multi scales. One is from the shape of histogram the other is from the natural scene statistics based on Generalized Gaussian distribution (GGD). A 20-D feature vector for each scale is extracted and is assumed to capture the RS image quality degradation characteristics. We use SVM to learn to predict image quality scores from these features. In order to do the evaluation, we construct a median scale dataset for training and testing with subjects taking part in to give the human opinions of degraded images. We use ZY3 satellite images over Wuhan area (a city in China) to conduct experiments. Experimental results show the correlation of the predicted scores and the subjective perceptions.
DATA MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK OF DRONE-BASED 3D MODEL RECONSTRUCTION OF DISASTER SITE
Authors: Kim C. , Moon H. , Lee W.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. To rescue peoples in the disaster site in time, information acquisition of current feature of collapsed buildings and terrain is quite important for disaster site rescue manager. Based on information about disaster site, they can accurately plan the rescue process and remove collapsed buildings or other facilities. However, due to the harsh condition of disaster areas, rapid and accurate acquisition of disaster site information is not an easy task. There are possibilities of further damages in the collapse and there are also difficulties in acquiring information about current disaster situation due to large disaster site and limited rescue resources. To overcome these circumstances of disaster sites, an unmanned aerial vehicle, commonly known as a drone is used to rapidly and effectively acquire current image data of the large disaster areas. Then, the procedure of drone-based 3D model reconstruction visualization function of developed system is presented.
DETECTION OF ORTHOIMAGE MOSAICKING SEAMLINES BY MEANS OF WAVELET TRANSFORM
Authors: Pyka K.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The detection of orthoimage mosaicking seamlines by means of wavelet transform was examined. Radiometric alignment was omitted, giving priority to the issue of seamlines which bypass locations where there is a parallax between orthoimages. The importance of this issue is particularly relevant for images with very high resolution. In order to create a barrier image between orthoimages, the redundant wavelet transform variant known as MODWT-MRA was used. While more computationally complex than the frequently used DWT, it enables very good multiresolution edge detection. An IT prototype was developed on the basis of the described concept, and several cases of seamline detection were tested on the basis of data with a resolution of 10 cm to 1 m. The correct seamline location was obtained for each test case. This result opens the door to future expansion of the radiometric alignment method, which is also based on wavelets.
METHODS FOR THE UPDATE AND VERIFICATION OF FOREST SURFACE MODEL
Authors: Rybansky M. , Brenova M. , Zerzan P. , Simon J. , Mikita T.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The digital terrain model (DTM) represents the bare ground earth's surface without any objects like vegetation and buildings. In contrast to a DTM, Digital surface model (DSM) represents the earth's surface including all objects on it. The DTM mostly does not change as frequently as the DSM. The most important changes of the DSM are in the forest areas due to the vegetation growth. Using the LIDAR technology the canopy height model (CHM) is obtained by subtracting the DTM and the corresponding DSM. The DSM is calculated from the first pulse echo and DTM from the last pulse echo data. The main problem of the DSM and CHM data using is the actuality of the airborne laser scanning. This paper describes the method of calculating the CHM and DSM data changes using the relations between the canopy height and age of trees. To get a present basic reference data model of the canopy height, the photogrammetric and trigonometric measurements of single trees were used. Comparing the heights of corresponding trees on the aerial photographs of various ages, the statistical sets of the tree growth rate were obtained. These statistical data and LIDAR data were compared with the growth curve of the spruce forest, which corresponds to a similar natural environment (soil quality, climate characteristics, geographic location, etc.) to get the updating characteristics.
In tyrannos! Teología política y «diferencia mesiánica» en el nuevo pensamiento de Franz Rosenzweig
Authors: Navarrete Roberto
Published: June 2016

El presente artículo tiene como objeto una elucidación del significado teológico- político de la concepción relacional del tiempo tematizada por Franz Rosenzweig en La estrella de la redención, cuya singularidad quiere expresar aquí el concepto «diferencia mesiánica». Enmarcada en la querella de la secularización, esta temporalidad mesiánica representa una respuesta a la verificación de la articulación hegeliana de filosofía política y filosofía de la historia que, según Rosenzweig, tuvo lugar a través de la Primera Guerra Mundial. El consiguiente desengaño político sufrido por el autor de Hegel und der Staat condujo a éste a la búsqueda de un nuevo pensamiento cuya novedad viene dada por el primado ontológico del tiempo y por la indisoluble relación establecida por Rosenzweig entre «temporalidad» y «alteridad». Tomando como punto de partida la distinción Rosenzweiguiana entre «personalidad» y «sí-mismo», es decir, entre «ética» y «metaética», el final del trabajo explora los diversos modos en que se temporaliza el sí-mismo en función de sus relaciones con las temporalizaciones de Dios y mundo, así como sus correspondientes efectos de carácter teológico-político.
El humanismo es una violencia propia de bestias. Filosofando a martillazos, a partir de Levinas y Derrida, la medida de lo humano y lo humano como medida
Authors: Urabayen Julia , León Jorge
Published: June 2016

La reflexión levinasiana surge como una crítica a la filosofía tradicional que, al estar basada en la presencia y la identidad, conduce a la exclusión del otro. Frente a un pensar onto-lógico, el lituano propone que la ipseidad del ser humano sea constituida por la alteridad, y lo sea éticamente, porque el sujeto es sujeto-a, es decir, responsabilidad. En un intento por llevar aún más allá la obligada atención a la otredad del otro, Derrida desarrollará una crítica radical a la postura levinasiana. Deconstrucción de todo rastro de ipseidad y soberanía en la relación con el otro, la lectura de la obra de Derrida aquí realizada apuesta por una concepción no definible de lo humano. De ahí que toda de-limitación de un ámbito ético como propiamente humano conlleve una violencia bestial que el levinasiano humanismo del otro pretendía superar.
Hans Blumenberg y el feminismo
Authors: Ros Josefa
Published: June 2016

el filósofo alemán Hans Blumenberg [1920-1996] se interesó por las cuestiones feministas durante las últimas dos décadas de su vida como muestran su dedicación y esfuerzo en la compilación de recortes seleccionados en los medios de comunicación relacionados con la temática de la mujer y su elaboración de múltiples ensayos cortos inspirados en estos últimos y en un sinfín de curiosas anécdotas. Hans Blumenberg y el feminismo pretende poner al lector en conocimiento sobre la existencia de una línea de investigación del pensamiento blumenberguiano totalmente inexplorada hasta el momento. la misma únicamente puede ser revelada a través del estudio del ‘Nachlaβ’ del filósofo que se encuentra en el Deutsches literaturarchiv de Marbach (Stuttgart) y que personalmente he tenido oportunidad de indagar gracias a la concesión de una beca de investigación del DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Austage Dienst).
The Role of Public Administration in the Elimination of Inequality
Authors: Schuldiner Katie , Garcia-Zamor Jean-Claude
Published: June 2016

The problem of inequality is now requiring solutions that could not be fully found to solve the problem of poverty.  The research question that will be investigated is how to establish a clear distinction between poverty and inequality in public policy debates and how public administrators could formulate and implement policies that will alleviate the current world of inequality.  The elimination of poverty will always be difficult because politicians and bureaucrats do not have full control over its geographic and demographic roots.  While equality can be understood as parity in the enjoyment of fundamental rights and freedoms, and equality of opportunities with regards to education and work and the fulfillment of one’s potential, in policy debates it is the lack of such conditions that is viewed as inequality . Thus, equality is not necessarily viewed as equality of economic conditions but primarily as equality of opportunities for achieving them. This is why it is necessary to refer to the concept of social equity when addressing inequality.  The article will review and analyze current literature on poverty, inequality and social equity and will suggest some new approaches for the elimination of inequality.  Although the necessary initiatives to achieve such an objective have to come from politics, public administrators will ultimately be the ones to provide a definite plan or procedure to ensure the fulfillment of these political initiatives.  The article will address how public policy makers can promote equity and social justice.
Puntos críticos del manejo poscosecha de cacao en Waslala, Nicaragua
Authors: Ayestas Eusebio , Vega-Jarquín Carolina , Torres Pedro , Lanzas Jurgen , Orozco Luis , Astorga Carlos
Published: June 2016

En el período de enero a junio del 2009 se indagó el benefi ciado de cacao en 49 fi ncas de productores socios de la cooperativa CACAONICA en el municipio de Waslala, Nicaragua. El propósito del estudio fue generar información de los costos, tiempos y puntos críticos del benefi ciado en las fi ncas, y realizar un análisis FODA sobre la factibilidad de implementar el modelo de acopio de cacao en baba en dos centros comunitarios. Se aplicaron encuestas a productores y entrevistas semi-estructuradas al equipo técnico de CACAONICA y otros informantes claves vinculados con la comercialización local del cacao. Se elaboró una matriz clasifi cándose la información en relación a las variables tiempo, área de siembra, rendimientos y participación de la familia en la labores poscosecha del cacao. Todas las fi ncas visitadas poseen certifi cación orgánica. Treinta de los productores poseen áreas pequeñas de cacao (aproximadamente de una ha) y 19 cultivan entre 1.5 a siete ha. El benefi ciado de cacao en la fi nca se compone de tres etapas y seis actividades: etapa 1 (cosecha y extracción-selección de semillas), etapa 2 (fermentación y secado) y etapa 3 (empacado y transporte). El proceso de benefi ciado se constituye de 21.7 días calendarios, sin embargo, el tiempo real requerido en días hombre resultó ser 9.14, con un costo de USD 40.33 para benefi ciar 45.45 kg de cacao (un qq ). La etapa 1 resultó ser la más costosa del proceso de benefi ciado (USD 30.13 por cada 45.45 kg). Los puntos críticos que afectan la calidad del benefi ciado del grano son: fermentación (41%) y secado (31%). El punto de equilibrio del benefi ciado en fi nca es 361.8 kg ha-1 ciclo-1. Rendimientos por debajo de este umbral signifi can que el cacaotal no retribuye los costos invertidos por el agricultor. La participación de la familia en el benefi ciado del cacao es relevante, especial atención requiere la participación de la mujer. La gran mayoría de los productores (69%) perciben como buena estrategia implementar el acopio de cacao en baba en benefi cios centralizados, y ratifi caron su participación siempre y cuando el pago sea contra entrega del grano (USD 48.87 por cada 45.45 kg). El éxito del nuevo sistema de acopio dependerá de la gestión de capital para el acondicionamiento de la instalación, la compra del grano a los productores, la definición de rutas lógicas de acopio en las comunidades, el equipamiento básico y la capacitación oportuna al personal técnico responsable de los centros de acopio.La Calera, Vol. 14. Nº 22, p. 5-12 / mayo 2014
Funcionalidad tecnológica del sistema de producción de una granja lechera en la empresa ganadera Valle del Perú
Authors: Del Pozo R. Pedro Pablo , Fernández PE , Sanchez G. Tania Ines
Published: June 2016

Se realizó un diagnóstico con el propósito de determinar la funcionalidad tecnológica y la sustentabilidad de la Granja Zenea de la Empresa Ganadera en la región occidental de Cuba. Se aplicó la metodología de Diagnóstico Rural Rápido (DRP). Las fuentes de información secundarias utilizadas fueron: registros de producción de leche, índices reproductivos y económicos a nivel de granja. La caracterización se efectuó a través de indicadores descriptivos que se relacionan con los componentes del sistema de producción, el productor y sus características, la infraestructura técnico-productiva y aspectos organizacionales. La funcionalidad tecnológica se realizó a partir de variables que se relacionan con los procesos tecnológicos que se identifican con el sistema de producción. Se realizó una jerarquización de problemas y se definieron los principales indicadores que deben servir para medir la sostenibilidad en la propuesta de transformación del sistema. Se analizaron estadísticamente algunas variables productivas y su comportamiento, para los efectos de vaquería, año y bimestre, bajo un modelo lineal de efectos fijos con interacción. El sistema estudiado se caracteriza por ser un sistema de producción típico de la región, con mediano nivel tecnológico y problemas que en su conjunto repercuten en los bajos niveles de producción, ingresos y rentabilidad. Se identificaron a partir de la caracterización realizada los problemas, lo que permitió laborar una estrategia general y específica, así como las principales acciones de carácter técnico-organizativo que se deben tomar para lograr a través del tiempo la sostenibilidad y el mejoramiento de la productividad del sistema estudiado.La Calera, Vol.14 No.22, Mayo 2014, pp.44-49
Iris-claw, retropupillary-fixated, aphakic intraocular lens implantation for traumatic aphakia following penetrating keratoplasty
Authors: Anbari Anas A.
Published: June 2016

We report the correction of aphakia using an iris-claw, aphakic intraocular lens (IOL) fixated in a retropupillary location in a 17-year-old young man who suffered blunt trauma to his eye 5 months after penetrating keratoplasty (PKP). There were no intraoperative complications. At 21 months after implantation, the patient’s uncorrected distance visual acuity was 20/28; his corrected distance visual acuity was 20/22, with +0.50 −3.00 × 155. Intraocular pressure was normal, and endothelial cell count was 1798 cells/mm2.
Snorkeling and Jones tubes
Authors: Lam Lewis Y. W. , Weatherhead Robert G.
Published: June 2016

We report a case of tympanic membrane rupture during snorkeling in a 17-year-old young man who had previously undergone bilateral Jones tubes placed for epiphora. To our knowledge, this phenomenon has not been previously reported.
A 31-year-old man with bilateral blurry vision and floaters
Authors: Azabari Azin , Kaplowitz Kevin , Sibony Patrick
Published: June 2016

A 31-year-old male presented to Stony Brook University with bilateral blurry vision and floaters. The vision loss was of sudden onset, but the patient denied ocular pain. He had a history of flulike illness with malaise, fever, myalgia, and upper respiratory symptoms 1 week earlier.
An unusual case of binocular oblique diplopia in an 82-year-old man
Authors: Jindal Gaurav , Gilbert Aubrey , Bhadelia Rafeeque , Torun Nurhan
Published: June 2016

An 82-year-old man presented to the Neuro-Ophthalmology Clinic at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center for evaluation of binocular, oblique diplopia of 1 month’s duration. His medical history was significant for benign prostatic hyperplasia, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. Review of systems revealed no additional major complaints. His family history was also unremarkable.