bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Protection of Carbohydrate Derivatives. Part 20.
Authors: NISHINO S. , TAKAMURA H. , ISHIDO Y.
Published: May 2016

As shown for the example (I), treatment of fully aroylated pyrimidine and purine ribonucleosides (IV)‐(VI) with pulverized tBuOK in THF or CH2Cl2 under controlled conditions gives mixtures of the corresponding di‐O‐aroyl compounds in which 2′‐OH derivatives are preponderant over 3′‐OH derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Cephem‐1R‐sulfoxides.
Authors: MICETICH R. G. , SINGH R. , SINGH M. P. , SHAW C. C.
Published: May 2016

Während bei der direkten Oxidation der 7‐Amido‐cephalosporine (I) überwiegend die (lS)‐ (oder ß)‐Sulfoxide gebildet werden, lassen sich die (1 R)‐(oder (zu‐Sulfoxide (IV) auf dem Weg‐über die Diacyl‐Derivate (II) und deren Sulfoxide (III) herstellen.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic and Mechanistic Studies Involving the Condensation of Penicillin Grignards and Boron Trifluoride Activated Oxime Ethers.
Authors: PIRIE D. K. , WELCH W. M. , WEEKS P. D. , VOLKMANN R. A.
Published: May 2016

Die Grignard‐Verbindung (I) in der Penicillin‐Reihe wird mit dem Imin (II) in das Addukt (III) übergeführt und dann zur freien Säure (IV) verseift.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron, Cobalt, Nickel
Authors: FITZSIMMONS B. W.
Published: May 2016

Review: (303 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Luminescence Behavior of Copper(I)‐Imidazole Complexes. A Spectroscopic Model for the Carbonyl Derivative of Hemocyanin.
Authors: SORRELL T. N. , BOROVIK A. S.
Published: May 2016

A new imidazole‐containing triden.
ChemInform Abstract: Importance of Acidity on an Energetically Unfavorable Electron‐Transfer Reaction ‐ an Extension of the Rehm‐Weller Equation. Photoreaction of Triplet 2,4‐Pyridinedicarbonitrile with 2‐Propanol.
Authors: CARONNA T. , MORROCCHI S. , VITTIMBERGA B. M.
Published: May 2016

An ESR study of the radical formed when 2,4‐pyridinedicarbonitrile (I) is irradiated in the cavity of an ESR spectrometer has been done and the values of the n‐spin populations on the ring atoms were determined from the measured proton and nitrogen couplings.
ChemInform Abstract: On the Low‐Lying States and Electronic Spectroscopy of Iron(II) Porphine.
Authors: EDWARDS W. D. , WEINER B. , ZERNER M. C.
Published: May 2016

SCF calculations, followed by C1 calculations were performed on each of the sevcn low.
ChemInform Abstract: Solution Characterization of Copper(II) und Silver(II) Porphyrins and the One‐Electron Oxidation Products by NMR Spectroscopy.
Authors: GODZIELA G. M. , GOFF H. M.
Published: May 2016

NMR methods have provided additional molecular and electronic structural characterization of Cu(ll) and Ag(II) complexes of tetraphenylporphyrin, octaethylporphyrin, etioporphyrin(1)‐ and their one‐electron oxidation products.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Inversion Process at Group V (Group 15) Elements. Edge Inversion Through a Planar T‐Shaped Structure.
Authors: DIXON D. A. , ARDUENGO A. J. III , FUKUNAGA T.
Published: May 2016

On the basis of ab initio calculations, it is proposed that with appropriate electronegative substituents, the tricoordinate pyramida] phosphorus species (and by analogy heavier pnictogens) will invert through an approximate T‐shaped transition state or intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: Nonlinear Effects in Asymmetric Synthesis. Examples in Asymmetric Oxidations and Aldolization Reactions.
Authors: PUCHOT C. , SAMUEL O. , DUNACH E. , ZHAO S. , AGAMI C. , KAGAN H. B.
Published: May 2016

Asym. oxidation of methyl p‐tolyl sulfide (I) or asym. epoxidation of geraniol (III) in the presence of various chiral titanium complexes, as well as the proline‐catalyzed Hajos‐Parrish reaction of (V), are investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: The Diels‐Alder Reactions of 2‐Alkyl‐5‐methoxy‐4‐(p‐nitrophenyl)oxazoles with Ethylenic, Acetylenic, and Azo‐Type Dienophiles.
Authors: IBATA T. , NAKANO S. , NAKAWA H. , TOYODA J. , ISOGAMI Y.
Published: May 2016

The Diels‐Alder reaction of the oxazoles (I) with the maleimides (II) gives the endo‐ and exo‐adducts (III) and (IV), the ratios are variant with time and temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanism of Induction of Parkinson′s Disease by 1‐Methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP).
Authors: SAYRE L. M. , ARORA P. K. , FEKE S. C. , URBACH F. L.
Published: May 2016

The lack of redox reactivity of (I) toward dopamine or pyrogallol at pH 7 is confirmed by cyclic voltammograms, showing a single one‐electron reduction for (I) as well as (III) without a corresponding anodic wave.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Preparation of Allylic Sulfones by Palladium‐Catalyzed Reactions of Allylic Nitro Compounds with Sodium Benzenesulfinate.
Authors: ONO N. , HAMAMOTO I. , KAWAI T. , KAJI A. , TAMURA R. , KAKIHANA M.
Published: May 2016

The cyclic allylic "in‐o compounds (I) react with sodium benzenesulfinate (II) in the presence of Pd(pphj)′ to give the kinetically controlled products (III) and only small amounts of (heil‐ n. gio‐isomers (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereodivergent Control in the Reactions of Allylic und Allenic Organometallic Reagents with Pyruvates.
Authors: YAMAMOTO Y. , MARUYAMA K. , KOMATSU T. , ITO W.
Published: May 2016

Die Brenztraubensäureester (I) reagieren mit den Crotylorganometallverbindungen (II) zu den isomeren Hydroxypentensäureestern (III) und (IV); die Silylallene (V) liefern mit (I) die Silylhydroxypentinsäureester (VI) und (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactivity of N‐Trifluoromethyl‐N‐nitrosotrifluoromethanesulfonamide as a New Type of Trifluoromethylating Agent.
Authors: UMEMOTO T. , ANDO A.
Published: May 2016

The title compound (IIIa) ‐ synthesized by reaction of trifluoronitrosomethane (I) with hydroxylamine and "i. fluoromethanesulfonyl fluoride (II) ‐ is demonstrated to be an effective trifluoro.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluoroalkyl Azide Chemistry.
Authors: KRESPAN C. G.
Published: May 2016

Es werden verschiedene Reaktionen funktional; sierter Fluoralkylazide untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: Atom‐Transfer Cyclization. A Novel Isomerization of Hex‐5‐ynyl Iodides to (Iodomethylene)cyclopentanes.
Authors: CURRAN D. P. , CHEN M.‐H. , KIM D.
Published: May 2016

Treatment of the iodoalkynes (I) with a catalytic amount of Bu,SnH and AIBN induces smooth isomerization to the iodomethylenecyclopemanes (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Rearrangement Approaches to Cyclic Skeletons. Part 3. Practical Route to cis‐Bicyclo[4.3.0]non‐4‐en‐7‐ones Based on Photochemical [1,3] Acyl Migration of Bicyclo[3.2.2]non‐6‐en‐2‐ones.
Authors: UYEHARA T. , KABASAWA Y. , FURUTA T. , KATO T.
Published: May 2016

The bicyclo[3.2.2]nonenones (II) are derived a) from the bicyclo[2.2.2]octenones (I) either by ring‐enlargement utilizing Tieffeneau‐ Demjanov type conditions (method A) or by the related ring‐expansion using trime‐ thylsilyldiazomethane and BF, ‐ E120 (method B) or b) from the bicyclo 3.2.2]nonadienones (W) by hydrosilylation followed by hydrolysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Darvon Alcohol.
Authors: ERICKSON T. J.
Published: May 2016

Desoxybenzoin (I) kondensiert mit dem Phosphonsäureester (II) zu den EZ‐isomeren Butensäureestern (III) und (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Thioquinones. Generation of Dithioanthraquinone.
Authors: LAKSHMIKANTHAM M. V. , LEVINSON M. , MENACHERY M. , CAVA M. P.
Published: May 2016

Dithioanthrachinon (III), das durch Umsetzung der Chinone (I) mit Lawessons Reagens (II) als hochreaktive Verbindung entsteht, kann nur in Form des Polydisul?ds (IV) isoliert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: Acylaminoacetyl Derivatives of Active Methylene Compounds. Part 2. The Cyclization of the Acetylaminoacetyl Derivatives to α‐Substituted Tetramic Acids and the Formation of N‐Acetyl‐α‐Substituted Tetramic Acids.
Authors: IGGLESSI‐MARKOPOULOU O. , SANDRIS C.
Published: May 2016

Mit den C H‐aciden Verbindungen (II) erhält man aus dem N‐Acetyl‐glycincster (I) über die Kondensauonsproaukte (m) ane Ietramsaurecerlvate u v ) sowue ueren nyarolyseprodukte (V).
ChemInform Abstract: α,β‐Epoxy Sulfoxides as Useful Intermediates in Organic Synthesis. Part 3. A Novel Synthesis of α‐Amino Ketones und α‐Amino Aldehydes by Aminolysis of α,β‐Epoxy Sulfoxides.
Authors: SATOH T. , KANEKO Y. , SAKATA K. , YAMAKAWA K.
Published: May 2016

Aminolysis of the epoxy sulfoxide (I) with piperidine (II) affords (h: α‐amino ketone (IIIa).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Natural Occurring Quinones. Part 17. Allylation of 2‐Alkanoyl 1,4‐Quinones with Allylsilanes und Allylstannanes. Efficient Synthesis of Pyranonaphthoquinone Antibiotics.
Authors: UNO H.
Published: May 2016

Entsprechend den im Formelsehema skizzierten Umsetzungen gelingt die Synthese der im Titel genannten Naphthochinone (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Pyran Annelation: An Effective Route to a Tricyclic Dienone.
Authors: YAMAMOTO M. , IWASA S. , TAKATSUKI K. , YAMADA K.
Published: May 2016

Das aus dem pyrw non (Ia) über das Bromid (Ib) dargestellte Sulfon (Ic) reagiert nach Metallierung mit verschiedenen Elektrophilen 2.B. zu den Produkten (IIa)‐(Ilc).
ChemInform Abstract: Nitrone Cycloaddition in the Stereoselective Synthesis of β‐Carbolines from N‐Hydroxytryptophan.
Authors: PLATE R. , HERMKENS P. H. H. , SMITS J. M. M. , OTTENHEIJM H. C. J.
Published: May 2016

Das durch Reduktion von (I) entstehende Tryptophan‐Derivat (II) wird wie angegeben zum Nitron (III) cyclisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithiation of 2‐Bromoketene Dithioacetals.
Authors: CHAMBERLIN A. R. , NGUYEN H.
Published: May 2016

Das Alkylendithian (I) wird um N35 (II) zu den Vinylbromiden (III) bromiert, die nach Metallierung mit n‐Butyllithiu?′ (IV) zu den Lithioalkenen (V) entweder zu den Alkinylsul?den (VI) ringöffnen 0d sich mit Elektrophilen (VII) zu den substituierten Methylendithianen (VIII) ufnsglzen lassen.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of Ethyl 1,4‐Dihydropyrimidine‐5‐carboxylates: Comparison of Dihydropyrimidines and Dihydropyridines.
Authors: KASHIMA C. , SHIMIZU M. , TAGAYA A. , KATOH A. , OMOTE Y.
Published: May 2016

The pyrimidines (I I) are synthesized by desulphurization of the thiones (l).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Conversions of 3‐(4‐Amino‐5‐methyl‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl‐methylene)‐2‐oxo‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinoxaline.
Authors: KURASAWA Y. , OKAMOTO Y. , TAKADA A.
Published: May 2016

Ausgehend von dem Hydrazon (I) e, hält man mit Hydrazin das Triazol (H), das in die Derivate (III) übergefühn M"; Mit salpetriger Säure erhält man aus (II) je nach Menge die Verbindungen (lv) I ′1 bzw. (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Synthesis via Organoboranes. Part 5. Asymmetric Allylboration via Chiral Allyldialkylboranes. Synthesis of Homoallylic Alcohols with Exceptionally High Enantiomeric Excess
Authors: JADHAV P. K. , BHAT K. S. , PERUMAL P. T. , BROWN H. C.
Published: May 2016

Das aus (+)‐a‐Pinen (I) zugängliche optisch aktive Allylbomn (IV) reagiert mit Aldehyden (V) mit hoher Enantioselcktivität zu den Homoallylalkoholen (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: 2,3‐Bis(trimethylsilyl)‐ and 2,3,8,9‐Tetrakis(trimethylsilyl)[4]phenylene.
Authors: HIRTHAMMER M. , VOLLHARDT K. P. C.
Published: May 2016

Cobaltcatalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition of the biphenylene (I) and the acetylene (H) yields the [Slphenylene (III), which is convened to the diyne (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of α,α,ω‐Trihydroperfluoroalkanols with Phosphorus Tribromide.
Authors: KROLEVETS A. A. , RAGULIN L. I. , SHEVCHENKO V. I. , LYUBIMOVA E. I.
Published: May 2016

Die Alkohole (I) reagieren mit PBr3 zu Gemischen der Phosphite (II) bis (XV), aus (Ic) entstehen darüber hinaus die Phosphate (Vc)‐(VIIc).
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of O,O′‐Dialkyl(Aryl)dithiophosphoric Acids with Polycyano Compounds.
Authors: NASAKIN O. E. , NIKOLAEV E. G. , TERENT'EV P. B. , BULAI A. KH. , KHASKIN B. A.
Published: May 2016

Die Umsetzung der Dialkyldithiophosphatc (I) mit Tetracyanethylen (II) liefert in der ersten Stufe Tetracyanethan (III) neben den Dithiophosphorsäuredisul?den (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis und Tautomeric Rearrangement of Phosphorylated Z‐Methoxy‐ and 2,4‐Dimethoxy‐1,3,5‐triazine Derivatives.
Authors: ZIMIN M. G. , FOMAKHIN E. V. , GOL'DFARB E. I. , PUDOVIK A. N.
Published: May 2016

In Fortsetzung von Arbeiten zur Tautgme?, Fähigkeit phosphorylierter s‐Triazine werden aus (I) die Verbindungen (II) am".
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Hydrogen Complexes of the Transition Metals. Part 3. Preparation, Structure, and Reactivity of W(CO)3(PCy3)2 and W(CO)3(P(i‐Pr)3)2, η2‐H2 Complex Precursors Exhibiting M...H‐C Interaction.
Authors: WASSERMAN H. J. , KUBAS G. J. , RYAN R. R.
Published: May 2016

The electronically unsaturated mer,trans‐complexes (II) are prepared from the cycloheptatriene complexes (I) by substitution, and by removal of H2 from the W complex (III) or of N2 from the Mo complex (IVa).
ChemInform Abstract: Structures and Mechanism of Multiple Ligand Substitutions in Bicapped Tetracobalt Clusters.
Authors: RICHMOND M. G. , KOCHI J. K.
Published: May 2016

The planar tetracobalt carbonyl Cluster (II) prepared as shown undergoes ready ligand substitution with trimethyl phosphite thermally to afford the mono, bis, tris, and tetrakis derivatives (III) depending on stoichiometry and reaction temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Low‐Lying Electronic Energy Levels in a Series of Heterobinuclear Complexes Containing Octahedral Nickel(II) and Tetrahedral Metal(II) (Copper, Cobalt, and Manganese) Species.
Authors: BENCINI A. , CANESCHI A. , DEI A. , GATTESCHI D. , ZANCHINI C. , KAHN O.
Published: May 2016

The complexes (I) are synthcsized by mixing acetonitrile solu.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanisms of the Reactions of Some Copper Complexes in the Presence of DNA with O2‐, H2O2, and Molecular Oxygen.
Authors: GOLDSTEIN S. , CZAPSKI G.
Published: May 2016

The kinetics and the reaction mechanism of some Cu complexes of LIO‐phenanthroline, S‐nitro‐I,l0‐phenanthroline, and 2,2′‐bipyridine with O2′ , H203, and O2 in the presence of calfthymus DNA are investigated with use of the pulse radiolysis technique.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral o‐Palladiated Complexes of Unsymmetrical N‐Substituted (R)‐(+)α‐(2‐Naphthyl)ethylamines.
Authors: DUNINA V. V. , ZALEVSKAYA O. A. , SMOLYAKOVA I. P. , POTAPOV V. M.
Published: May 2016

Die optisch aktiven Liganden (I) werden nach bekannten Verfahren hergestellt und mit LizPdCL, zu den chiralen Komplexen (II) und (III) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum(II) Complexes of (Cyanoethyl)phosphines.
Authors: HOLT M. S. , NELSON J. H.
Published: May 2016

The stable typical square‐planar complexes (I) in which coordination is through P atom are prepared nearly quantitatively by stoichiometric reaction of PtCl2(NCPh)2 with cyanoethylphosphines in CHCl3 followed by metathesis reaction with NaBr or NaI in DMSO.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereochemistry of the Carane System. Part 5. (‐)‐cis‐Caran‐4‐one in the Wittig‐Horner Reaction.
Authors: KUBICA Z. , BURSKI Z. , PIATKOWSKI K.
Published: May 2016

Wittig‐Horner reaction between the compound (I) and the phosphonate (l1) using method A) yields the products (III) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: New Acyclic Approach to 3‐Amino‐2,3,6‐trideoxy‐L‐hexoses: A Stereocontrolled Synthesis of N‐Benzoyl L‐Daunosamine.
Authors: HIRAMA M. , NISHIZAKI I. , SHIGEMOTO T. , ITO S.
Published: May 2016

Durch Kupplung des Si‐geschützten Hydroxyaldehyds (I) mit dem Acetylen (II) erhält man ein Gemisch aus threo‐ und erythro‐Addukt, das stereoselektiv in das isolierbare threo‐Isomere (III) umgewan.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis of Octosyl Acid A: A New Departure in Organostannylene Chemistry.
Authors: DANISHEFSKY S. , HUNGATE R.
Published: May 2016

Cyloaddition of the diene (I) with the aldehyde (II) gives the nonose (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Diels‐Alder Reactions of Aza Dienes: A Facile Approach to the Synthesis of Pyridine and Pyridazine Substituted Pyrimidine Nucleosides.
Authors: MAGGIORA L. , MERTES M. P.
Published: May 2016

Die Ethinyluridine (I) uefem mit dem Tetrazin (II) die Pyridazinyluridine (III), das Triazin (IV) macht mit (I) da; isomeren Pyridyluridine (V) und (VI) zugänglich.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Glycosidation for 4‐Demethoxyanthracyclinones by the Use of Trimethylsilyl Triflate. Syntheses of Optically Active 4‐Demethoxydaunorubicin and 4‐Demethoxyadriamycin.
Authors: KIMURA Y. , SUZUKI M. , MATSUMOTO T. , ABE R. , TERASHIMA S.
Published: May 2016

The two desired title compounds (+)‐(IVa) and (+)‐(IVb) am avail able staning from the letracycle (+)‐(Ia) using the different pathways shown in m: scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Studies on 6‐Halo‐ and 6,6‐Dihalopenicillins: The Rearrangement of Methyl 6,6‐Dibromopenicillanate to 1,4‐Thiazepine.
Authors: MICETICH R. G. , MAITI S. N. , TANAKA M. , YAMAZAKI T. , OGAWA K.
Published: May 2016

Die Aminopenicillanate (I) liefern nach Diazotierung und Halogenierung die Dihalogenpenicillanate (III), MCPBA IV) g oxidiert (III) zu den Sulfoxiden (V), KMnO4 zu den Sulfonen (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Carotenoids und Polyterpenoids
Authors: BRITTON G.
Published: May 2016

Review: (577 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure and IR and Raman Spectra of KV(SO4)2.
Authors: FEHRMANN R. , KREBS B. , PAPATHEODOROU G. N. , BERG R. W. , BJERRUM N. J.
Published: May 2016

The green title compound (obtained by dissolution of V2O5 in a KHSO4 melt at 450°C under SO2(g)) crystallizes in the trigonal system (R5, Z=3).
ChemInform Abstract: Reduction and Oxidation Effects on Rhodium Species in Na‐X Zeolite Studied by Electron Spin Echo and Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopies.
Authors: GOLDFARB D. , KEVAN L.
Published: May 2016

Oxidation and reduction of RhNa‐Xsamples activated in flowing oxygen allow the indirect detection of Rh(III) and Rh(I) species generated during activation, A new set of paramagnetic species is produced differing in both location and symmetry from the known species Aand C. Two species are formed by H2 reduction: H1 (activation temp. 240‐400°C) and H2 (400‐500°C).
ChemInform Abstract: Light‐Induced Electron Transfer and Photoelectrocatalysis of Chlorine Evolution at FeS2 Electrodes.
Authors: ENNAOUI A. , TRIBUTSCH H.
Published: May 2016

The study of the electron transfer at the n‐Fesz/electrolyte interface under illumination and varying electrochemical conditions also yields practical information on the stabilization of FeSZ by electron donating species.
ChemInform Abstract: Superactive Alkali Metal Hydride Metalation Reagents: LiH, NaH, and KH.
Authors: KLUSENER P. A. A. , BRANDSMA L. , VERKRUIJSSE H. D. , VON RAGUE SCHLEYER P. , FRIEDL T. , PI R.
Published: May 2016

The preparation of the metal hydrides (Va), (Vb), and (VII) in the presence of an equimolar amount of tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) yields components having an increased metalation activity towards acidic Hatoms (in C ‐ Hbonds) compared with commercially available products.
ChemInform Abstract: Heteropolyanions of the Types M3(W9PO34)212‐ and MM′M" (W9PO34)212‐: Novel Coordination of Nitrate and Nitrite.
Authors: KNOTH W. H. , DOMAILLE P. J. , HARLOW R. L.
Published: May 2016

Reaction of A‐type W9POg4′ with divalent Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pd yields M3(A,a‐W9PO34);2′ anions; reaction with Ce(IV) gives [(OCe)3(W9PO34)2 ‐ 2 H2O]′2′.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Arylcyclopropanes with Thiophenols Under Acid Catalysis Conditions.
Authors: SHABAROV YU. S. , SAGINOVA L. G. , VESELOVSKAYA S. V.
Published: May 2016

The reaction between the arylcyclopropanes (I) and the thiophenols (II) is ,studied in TFA, which does not react with the cyclopropanes (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Reaction of 2,4‐Dimethyl‐1‐phenylpentane‐1,3‐dione in the Presence of Oxygen.
Authors: YOSHIOKA M. , OKA M. , ISHIKAWA Y. , TOMITA H. , HASEGAWA T.
Published: May 2016

Die oxidative Photolyse des Dimethylphenylpentadions (I) ergibt Benzoesäure (IV) sowie das Trimethylghenylfuranon (II) und das cyclische Peroxid (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Photochemical Transformations. Part 66. An Intramolecular Imine/Ene‐ Photo‐[2 + 2]‐Cycloaddition Reaction.
Authors: FISCHER G. , FRITZ H. , PRINZBACH H.
Published: May 2016

Das aus dem Tricyclus (I) und dem Urethan (II) mit guter Selektivität zugängliche Cycloaddukt (IV) wird in das Imin (V) übergeführt, das mit dem Azodicarbonimid (VI) in stereospezifischer Reaktion das Addukt (VII) ergibt.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of Methyl‐2‐oxo‐3‐mesylpropanoate and its Derivatives.
Authors: SOKOLOV M. P. , AVAKYAN G. E.
Published: May 2016

The title compound (IV) is prepared via its potassium salt (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Condensation of Aromatic Acid Nitriles with Methyl tert. Alkyl Ketones.
Authors: SOSNOVSKIKH V. YA. , KOSTRIKOVA T. P.
Published: May 2016

Condensation of the aromatic nitriles (I) with the methyl tert. alkyl ketones (II) according to a literature procedure yields the 2‐aminovinyl ketones (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Organic Anions. Part 127. Catalytic Two‐Phase (C.T.P.) Synthesis of α‐Cyanoenamines.
Authors: JONCZYK A. , OWCZARCZYK Z.
Published: May 2016

Die Kondensation von Carbonylverbindungen (I) mit N‐Methylanilino‐acetonitril (II) zu α‐Cyanoenaminen (III) wird durch ein Gemisch von Kaliumhydroxid und Kaliumcarbonat im Fest‐Flüssig‐Zweiphasen‐System erreicht.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of 4‐Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid with Hydrogen Peroxide in the Presence of Peroxidase.
Authors: KOVAR K. A. , EL‐BOLKINY M. N.
Published: May 2016

Das durch Umsetzung von 4‐Hydroxyphenylessigsäure (I) mit H2O2 in Gegenwart von Peroxidase erhaltene Reaktionsprodukt wird durch unabhängige Synthese als Dihydroxy‐biphenylessigsäure (II) identifiziert.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthetic Strategy for Naphthalene Annellation of Norbornenylogous System.
Authors: PADDON‐ROW M. N. , PATNEY H. K.
Published: May 2016

Die Umsetzung des Tetrabrom‐o‐xylols (I) mit Norbornen (IIa), Norbomadien (IIb) und analogen Systemen in Gegenwart von Natriumiodid führt in der skizzierten Weise zur Anellierung von Naphthalin.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reaction of 4‐Phenyl‐2‐azetidinone with Aldehydes.
Authors: BERGMANN H.‐J. , OTTO H.‐H.
Published: May 2016

Die im Titel genannte Verbindung (I) reagiert mit aliphatischen Aldehyden (II) nach N‐Metallierung über die Zwischenstufe der Hydroxyalkyl‐Derivate (III) zu N‐Vinyl‐ß‐lactamen (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Oxalyl Derivatives of Methyl Ketones. Part 43. Synthesis of 2‐Imino‐ 2,3‐dihydro‐3‐furanones, Their Hydrolysis and Aminolysis.
Authors: ANDREICHIKOV YU. S. , SHUROV S. N. , ZALESOV V. V. , SHAPET'KO N. N.
Published: May 2016

The thermolytic decarbonylation of the furandiones (I) in the presence of the isocyanides (II) yields the [4 + 1] cycloadducts, i.e. the 2‐imino derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Reductive Coupling of Ketones or Aldehydes with Electron‐Deficient Alkenes Promoted by Samarium Diiodide.
Authors: FUKUZAWA S. , NAKANISHI A. , FUJINAMI T. , SAKAI S.
Published: May 2016

Die Acrylester (I) reagieren mit den Carbonylverbindungen (II) in Gegenwart von Samarium(II)‐iodid als Reduktionsmittel zu den Lactonen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Sequential Acylation/Alkylation Reactions of 3‐Sulfolenes.
Authors: CHOU T. , TSO H.‐H. , LIN L. C.
Published: May 2016

Aus den 3‐Sulfolenen (I) entstehen über die Anionen (II) mit den Säurechloriden (III) die 2‐Acylverbindungen (IV), die nicht isoliert werden können, sondern durch weitere Acylierung die Enolester (VI) ergeben.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthesis of Furo[2,3‐b]indole Derivatives.
Authors: ABDEL‐LATIF F. F. , GOHAR A.‐K. M. N. , FAHMY A. M. , BADR M. Z. A.
Published: May 2016

The title compounds (IV), (VI), (VIII) and (XII) are synthesized from isatin (I) or its derivatives (II) as detailed in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: 3,4‐Dihydro‐2‐phenyl‐2H‐pyrano[2,3‐b]pyridines. Novel Aza Analogs of Flavans.
Authors: BARGAR T. M. , WILSON T. , DANIEL J. K.
Published: May 2016

Die 2‐Methoxy‐pyridine (I) werden über die Brom‐ (II) und Lithioverbindungen (III) mit den Zimtaldehyden (IV) in die Allylalkohole (V) übergeführt, die mit HBr/ Eisessig zu den Bicyclen (VI) kondensiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of 2‐Acyl‐1,4‐benzodioxins.
Authors: GUILLAUMET G. , TRUMTEL M. , COUDERT G. , ZEGGAF C.
Published: May 2016

1,4‐Benzodioxin (I) wird nach Metallierung in das 2‐Silyl‐benzodioxin (II) übergeführt und dieses durch Friede]‐ Crafts‐Acylierung in 2‐Acyl‐ benzodioxine (III) umgewandelt.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Cytostatic Activity of 1,4‐Bis(alkylamino)benzo(g)phthalazines with Complexing Properties.
Authors: CAMPAYO L. , NAVARRO P.
Published: May 2016

The dichloro compound (IIa) reacts with the amines (III) on heating to give mixtures of the monoalkylamino derivatives (IV) and the desired dialkylamino derivatives (Va) and (Vb).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Reactions of 6‐Aryl‐4,5‐dihydropyridazin‐3(2H)ones.
Authors: EL‐KHAMRY A. M. A. , SHABAN M. E. , HABASHY M. M.
Published: May 2016

Die Bernsteinsäureanhydride (I) acylieren die Halogen‐anisole (II) zu den Aroylpropionsäuren (III), die mit den Hydrazinen (IV) zu den Dihydropyridazinonen (V) cyclisiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of 5‐Substituted Benzylbarbituric Acids and Investigation of the Effect of the Benzyl and Substituted Benzyl Groups on the Acidity of Barbituric Acid.
Authors: TATE J. V. , TINNERMAN W. N. II , JUREVICS V. , JESKEY H. , BIEHL E. R.
Published: May 2016

Barbitursäure (I) wird mit Benzylbromiden (II) zu (III) monosubstituiert; daneben erhält man geringe Mengen an Dibenzylderivaten (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Pyrrolothienopyrazines: Chemical Investigation of Pyrrolo[1,2‐a]thieno[2,3‐e]pyrazine.
Authors: EFFI Y. , LANCELOT J.‐C. , RAULT S. , ROBBA M.
Published: May 2016

Die im Titel genannte Verbindung (II) wird zu den Verbindungen (I) bzw. (III)‐(V) alkyliert, bromiert bzw. nitriert.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Stereoisomeric Fused 2‐Imino Substituted 1,3‐Oxazines.
Authors: FUELOEP F. + , BERNATH G. , SOHAR P.
Published: May 2016

Die cis‐Aminomethylcycloalkanole (I) addieren Phenylsenföl (II) zu den Thioharnstoffen (III), die mit Methyliodid (IV) entweder die Isothioharnstoffe (V) oder die Iminooxazine (VI) liefern.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,4‐Pentadien‐3‐ones. Part 29. Synthesis of 3,3,7,7‐Tetramethyl‐1,5,2‐ oxathiazepane‐5,5‐dioxide.
Authors: KLEFFEL D. , OTTO H.‐H.
Published: May 2016

Das durch Oxidation des Thiaheptadiens (I) erhaltene Sulfon (IIb) wird mit Hydroxylamin (III) zur im Titel genannten Verbindung (IV) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: Silicon Compounds and Their Group Homologs. Part. 64. Unsaturated Silicon Compounds. Part 12. On the Way to a Stable Silaethene >Si = C<: Sterically Overloaded Trisilylmethanes tBu2SiX ‐ CY(SiMe3)2 (X, Y: H, Hal, Li).
Authors: WIBERG N. , WAGNER G.
Published: May 2016

The sterically overloaded trisilylmethanes (IV)‐(IX) are accessible via (III) as shown in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Monosubstituted Methanediphosphonic Acids and in vivo Study of Their 99mTc Metal Complexes in Animals.
Authors: OLLIVIER R. , STURTZ G. , LEGENDRE J.‐M. , JACOLOT G. , TURZO A.
Published: May 2016

The desired Compounds (VI) (no yields given for the last step) are synthesized as described in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Substituted Phosphonates. Part 48. Synthesis of α‐Phosphorylated Aryloxyacetic Acids.
Authors: HARTMANN W. , STEINKE W. , GLOEDE J. , GROSS H.
Published: May 2016

The reaction of the (aryloxy)bromoacetic esters (I) with the P(III) esters (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Tetrakis(polyfluoroalkoxy)telluranes with the Anhydrides of Carboxylic and Dicarboxylic Acids.
Authors: STUKALO E. A. , YUR'EVA E. M. , MARKOVSKII L. N.
Published: May 2016

The reactions between the tetrakis‐telluranes (I) and the carboxylic anhydrides (II) and (IV) yield the derivatives (III) and (V)‐(IX), depending on the following conditions: the molar ratios of the reactants, the structures of the anhydrides and the reaction temperature.
ChemInform Abstract: Coordination Modes of Histidine. Part 9. Synthesis, Stereochemistry, and Oxygenation of Cobalt(II) ‐ Pyridoxal Model Complexes. A New Family of Chiral Dioxygen Carriers.
Authors: CASELLA L. , GULLOTTI M.
Published: May 2016

The Co(II) complexes (I)‐(IV) are prepared by metal template condensation from salicylaldehyde, pyridoxal, or pyruvic acid and corresponding L‐ amino acids in the presence of Co(II) salts.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Proposed Antigenic Hexapeptide from Escherichia coli K88 Protein Fimbriae.
Authors: MELDAL M. , KINDTLER J. W.
Published: May 2016

The title hexapeptide (IX) is assembled by stepwise synthesis in solution (conventional methods) Starting from the units (IV) and (V) in an overall yield of 44%.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of a Putative Antigenic Heptapeptide from Escherichia coli K88 ab Protein Fimbriae.
Authors: MELDAL M.
Published: May 2016

The hexapeptide (III), spanning region 213‐219 of E. coli K88 ab protein fimbriae, was synthesized starting from the units (I) and (II) in a conventional stepwise fashion [using DCC and hydroxybenzotriazol (for preactivation in all condensation reactions), tert. butyloxy‐ and benzyloxycarbonyl groups (for side chain protection), and a mixture of TFA, phenol and p‐cresol (for repetitive depro‐ 150 tection)].
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐(Methoxycarbonyl)methyl‐7‐phenylacetamido‐3‐thiacepham‐ 4‐carboxylates.
Authors: CRACKETT P. H. , GREENGRASS C. W. , STOODLEY R. J.
Published: May 2016

Die Umsetzung des Bromhydrins (I) mit dem Salz (II) führt zu den diastereoisomeren Azetidinen (III) und (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Methods
Authors: DAVIS A. P.
Published: May 2016

Review: (155 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction Mechanisms. Part 3. Free‐radical Reactions
Authors: GRILLER D.
Published: May 2016

Review: (48 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction Mechanisms. Part 1. Pericyclic Reactions
Authors: ATKINSON R. S.
Published: May 2016

Review: (80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Theoretical Chemistry
Authors: GODFREY M.
Published: May 2016

Review: (124 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Photolysis of Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: HORSPOOL W. M.
Published: May 2016

Review: (68 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Enone Cycloadditions and Rearrangements: Photoreactions of Dienones and Quinones
Authors: HORSPOOL W. M.
Published: May 2016

Review: (141 refs.
New Horizons for Perovskite Solar Cells Employing DNA‐CTMA as the Hole‐Transporting Material
Authors: Yusoff Abd. Rashid bin Mohd , Kim Jeongmo , Jang Jin , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja
Published: May 2016

We investigate solution‐processed low‐temperature lead‐halide perovskite solar cells employing deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA)–hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTMA) as the hole‐transport layer and (6,6)‐phenyl C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as electron‐acceptor layer in an inverted p–i–n device configuration. The perovskite solar cells utilizing a bio‐based charge‐transport layer demonstrate power conversion efficiency values of 15.86 %, with short‐circuit current density of 20.85 mA cm−2, open circuit voltage of 1.04 V, and fill factor of 73.15 %, and improved lifetime. DNA‐based devices maintained above 85 % of the initial efficiency after 50 days in air.
Performance of cognitive relay network with novel hybrid spectrum access schemes with imperfect CSI
Authors: Prasad Binod , Bhowmick Abhijit , Dhar Roy Sanjay , Kundu Sumit
Published: May 2016

Two novel spectrum access schemes, a hybrid spectrum access scheme (HSAS) and a modified HSAS combining underlay mode and overlay mode, are proposed for a relay based cognitive radio (CR) network. The CR employs the underlay mode with imperfect channel state information of the interfering link between CR transmitter and primary user receiver if primary user is sensed to be present else it employs overlay mode. In both the schemes, transmission of CR is assisted by relay working in amplify and forward scheme by maintaining interference below an interference threshold in underlay mode and a collision constraint in overlay mode. In HSAS, CR transmits either in underlay mode or in overlay mode only during the transmission slot of a detection cycle, whereas in modified HSAS, the CR transmits for the entire frame including the sensing time. The outage probability of CR user is considered as the performance metric. Novel expressions of outage probability for both the schemes have been developed. Impact of several sensing parameters such as sensing time, correlation coefficient, and tolerable interference threshold has been investigated. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Demographic consequences of greater clonal than sexual reproduction in Dicentra canadensis
Authors: Lin Chia‐Hua , Miriti Maria N. , Goodell Karen
Published: May 2016

Clonality is a widespread life history trait in flowering plants that may be essential for population persistence, especially in environments where sexual reproduction is unpredictable. Frequent clonal reproduction, however, could hinder sexual reproduction by spatially aggregating ramets that compete with seedlings and reduce inter‐genet pollination. Nevertheless, the role of clonality in relation to variable sexual reproduction in population dynamics is often overlooked. We combined population matrix models and pollination experiments to compare the demographic contributions of clonal and sexual reproduction in three Dicentra canadensis populations, one in a well‐forested landscape and two in isolated forest remnants. We constructed stage‐based transition matrices from 3 years of census data to evaluate annual population growth rates, λ. We used loop analysis to evaluate the relative contribution of different reproductive pathways to λ. Despite strong temporal and spatial variation in seed set, populations generally showed stable growth rates. Although we detected some pollen limitation of seed set, manipulative pollination treatments did not affect population growth rates. Clonal reproduction contributed significantly more than sexual reproduction to population growth in the forest remnants. Only at the well‐forested site did sexual reproduction contribute as much as clonal reproduction to population growth. Flowering plants were more likely to transition to a smaller size class with reduced reproductive potential in the following year than similarly sized nonflowering plants, suggesting energy trade‐offs between sexual and clonal reproduction at the individual level. Seed production had negligible effects on growth and tuber production of individual plants. Our results demonstrate that clonal reproduction is vital for population persistence in a system where sexual reproduction is unpredictable. The bias toward clonality may be driven by low fitness returns for resource investment in sexual reproduction at the individual level. However, chronic failure in sexual reproduction may exacerbate the imbalance between sexual and clonal reproduction and eventually lead to irreversible loss of sex in the population.
Five‐Month‐old Infants' Discrimination of Visual–Tactile Synchronous Facial Stimulation
Authors: Filippetti M. L. , Farroni T. , Johnson M. H.
Published: May 2016

The distinction between self and other is crucial for self‐awareness and for our awareness of others. However, how human beings learn to associate the face they see in the mirror with themselves is still a matter of debate. The exploration of body‐related multisensory processing with infants has demonstrated that they can detect visual‐tactile contingencies, suggesting the presence of early implicit body perception simply based on the spatiotemporal matching between visual and tactile stimuli alone. In the present study, we used facial stimuli to investigate 5‐month‐old infants' visual preference for visual‐tactile temporal synchrony. Infants watched a side‐by‐side video display of a peer's face being systematically stroked on the cheek with a paintbrush. During the video presentation, the infant's own cheek was stroked in synchrony with one video and in asynchrony with the other. Our result demonstrates that 5‐month‐old infants are able to discriminate between visual‐tactile synchrony and asynchrony, by showing a visual preference for the synchronous facial stimulus. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cross‐cultural differences in emotion suppression in everyday interactions
Authors: Huwaë Sylvia , Schaafsma Juliette
Published: May 2016

Previous research suggests that in collectivistic cultures, people tend to suppress their emotions more than in individualistic cultures. Little research, however, has explored cross‐cultural differences in emotion regulation in everyday interactions. Using a daily social interaction method, we examined whether people from collectivistic backgrounds (Chinese exchange students and immigrants from the Moluccas, Indonesia) living in the Netherlands differed from those from individualistic backgrounds (Dutch natives) in emotion suppression during everyday interactions. We also examined whether this depended on their relationship with the interaction partner(s). We found that Chinese participants suppressed positive and negative emotions more than Dutch and Moluccan participants and that this was related to differences in interdependent and independent self‐construal across the samples. We also found that Chinese participants suppressed positive emotions less in interactions with close others, whereas Dutch participants suppressed negative emotions more with non‐close others. No such differences were found for Moluccans. Our findings support the idea that people from collectivistic cultures suppress emotions more than those from individualistic cultures, but they also suggest that this depends on who the interaction partner is. Furthermore, they suggest that emotion suppression may change when people with collectivistic backgrounds have been raised in individualistic cultures.
Tympanoplasty in adhesive otitis media: A descriptive study
Authors: Larem Aisha , Haidar Hassan , Alsaadi Ali , Abdulkarim Hassanin , Abdulraheem Maryam , Sheta Sally , Ganesan Shanmugam , Elhakeem Amr , Alqahtani Abdulsalam
Published: May 2016

Objectives/Hypothesis

There is no consensus among clinicians regarding the best treatment strategy for adhesive otitis media (AdOM). It is common practice to only intervene in the presence of recurrent infections or significant conductive hearing loss. In an attempt to provide evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of surgical intervention, we have analyzed the long‐term outcome of tympanoplasty for AdOM .

Study Design

Prospective study.

Methods

From January 2013 to April 2014, 57 patients with AdOM (60 ears) who fit our criteria for tympanoplasty were recruited and underwent tympanoplasty using tragal cartilage combined with transtympanic ventilation tube and cortical mastoidectomy. Otorrhea control, graft uptake, hearing level changes, and complications were evaluated within a 3‐year period of follow‐up.

Results

Otorrhea was controlled in 94% of the ears. Tympanic membrane healing was achieved in all ears except one ear, which had myringitis. Overall there was significant improvement in hearing. Whereas the mean preoperative air‐bone gap (ABG) was 30.4 ± 4.0 dB, postoperative mean ABG was 8.6 ± 6.9 dB at 1 year. Closure of ABG to within 20 dB was achieved in 46 ears (83.6%). One ear showed a drop in bone conduction level by 25 dB. No iatrogenic cholesteatoma was detected in any of the cases.

Conclusion

This study demonstrated that tympanoplasty has favorable outcomes in AdOM . Risks of iatrogenic sensorineural hearing loss or cholesteatoma formation are negligible.

Level of Evidence

4. Laryngoscope, 126:2804–2810, 2016
Polymeric Thioxanthones as Potential Anticancer and Radiotherapy Agents
Authors: Yilmaz Gorkem , Guler Emine , Barlas Firat Baris , Timur Suna , Yagci Yusuf
Published: May 2016

Thioxanthone (TX) and its derivatives, which are widely used as photoinitiators in UV curing technology, hold promising research interest in biological applications. In particular, the use of TXs as anticancer agent has recently been manifested as an outstanding additional property of this class of molecules. Incorporation of TX molecules into specially designed polymers widens their practical use in such applications. In this study, two water‐soluble, biocompatible, and stable polymers, namely poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(ethylene glycol), possessing TX moieties at the side chains and chain ends, respectively, are prepared and used as anticancer and radiotherapy agents. The findings confirm that both polymers are potential candidates for therapeutic agents as they possess useful features including water‐solubility, radiosensitizer effect, and anticancer activity in a polymeric scaffold.

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Best Matching Protein Conformations and Docking Programs for a Virtual Screening Campaign Against SMO Receptor
Authors: Amendola Giorgio , Di Maio Danilo , La Pietra Valeria , Cosconati Sandro
Published: May 2016

SMO receptor is one of the main components of the Hedgehog biochemical pathway. In the last decades compelling body of evidence demonstrated that this receptor is a pertinent target for the treatment of various types of solid tumors. Recently, the X‐ray determination of the three‐dimensional structure of SMO in complex with different antagonists opened up the way for the structure‐based design of new antagonists for this receptor that could possibly overcome the limitations connected with the induction of acquired tumor resistance. Herein, taking advantage of three different docking software (namely Glide, PLANTS, and Vina) and of the available SMO structures we set up a retrospective virtual screening (VS) protocol. A database, made up by known SMO antagonists and compounds with no alleged activity against the receptor was created and screened against the different SMO structures. To evaluate the performance of the ranking in VS calculations different statistical metrics (EF, AUAC and BEDROC) were employed allowing to identify the best performing VS docking protocol. Results of these studies will serve as a platform for the application of structure‐based VS against the pharmaceutically relevant SMO receptor.
Evolutionary non‐cooperative spectrum sharing game: long‐term coexistence for collocated cognitive radio networks
Authors: Amjad Muhammad Faisal , Chatterjee Mainak , Nakhila Omar , Zou Cliff C.
Published: May 2016

Collocated cognitive radio networks (CRNs) employ coexistence protocols to share the spectrum when it is not being used by the licensed primary users. These protocols work under the assumption that all spectrum bands provide the same level of quality of service, which is somewhat simplistic because channel conditions as well as the licensee's usage of allocated channels can vary significantly with time and space. These circumstances dictate that some channels may be considered better than others; therefore, CRNs are expected to have a preference over the choice of available channels. Because all CRNs are assumed to be rational and select the best available channels, it can lead to an imbalance in contention for disparate channels, degraded quality of service, and an overall inefficient utilization of spectrum resource. In this paper, we analyze this situation from a game theoretic perspective and model the coexistence of CRNs with heterogeneous spectrum as an evolutionary anti‐coordination spectrum‐sharing game. We derive the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) of the game by proving that it cannot be invaded by a greedy strategy. We also derive the replicator dynamics of the proposed evolutionary game, a mechanism with which players can learn from their payoff outcomes of strategic interactions and modify their strategies at every stage of the game and subsequently converge to ESS. Because all CRNs approach ESS based solely upon the common knowledge payoff observations, the evolutionary game can be implemented in a distributed manner. Finally, we analyze the game from the perspective of fairness using Jain's fairness index under selfish behavior from CRNs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discovery of genes involved in mitosis, cell division, cell wall integrity and chromosome segregation through construction of Schizosaccharomyces pombe deletion strains
Authors: Chen Jun‐Song , Beckley Janel R. , Ren Liping , Feoktistova Anna , Jensen Michael A. , Rhind Nicholas , Gould Kathleen L.
Published: May 2016

The fission yeast model system Schizosaccharomyces pombe is used to study fundamental biological processes. To continue to fill gaps in the Sz. pombe gene deletion collection, we constructed a set of 90 haploid gene deletion strains covering many previously uncharacterized genes. To begin to understand the function of these genes, we exposed this collection of strains to a battery of stress conditions. Using this information in combination with microscopy, proteomics and mini‐chromosome loss assays, we identified genes involved in cell wall integrity, cytokinesis, chromosome segregation and DNA metabolism. This subset of non‐essential gene deletions will add to the toolkits available for the study of biological processes in Sz. pombe. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ethyl Acetate/2‐Butanol as Effective Green Chromatography Solvent for Coexisting Anionic Surfactants
Authors: Mohammad Ali , Mobin Rizwana
Published: May 2016

Thin layer chromatography has been used for the analysis of anionic surfactants, which are common ingredients of personal care and cleaning products. From the environmental and human health points of view, emphasis has been placed on the use of safer solvents in analytical and synthetic chemical processes. In the present study, we have used 2‐butanol and ethyl acetate as a green mobile phase in combination with silica gel G as a stationary phase for the separation and identification of dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid, N‐lauroylsarcosine sodium salt, sodium lauryl sulfate, and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate. The separation pattern has been presented as a densitogram. To examine the separation efficiency of the proposed thin layer chromatographic system, chromatographic parameters for separations have been calculated. To examine the effect of nature of alcohol on the mobility of surfactants, 2‐butanol was substituted in the mobile phase (M9) with other alcohols. Mobility trends of the separated surfactants have been examined in the presence of foreign organic and inorganic substances as impurities. The limits of detection for the separated surfactants have been determined. The proposed method has been successfully applied for the identification of surfactants in commercial products.