bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Glutathione as an antioxidant marker: determination of glutathione concentration in the breast muscles and liver of broilers supplemented with different selenium sources
Authors: Mikulková Karolína , Illek Josef , Bezděková Zdenka , Šimková Ivana
Published: July 2019

The aim of the study was to determine the influence of different selenium sources on antioxidant properties. The glutathione (GSH) concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were measured in the breast muscles and liver of 60 one-day-old broiler chickens. Another goal was to compare these indices with the weights of individual tissues and the live weight of broilers. The broilers were divided into 4 groups according to the selenium source: group 1 (control), group 2 (selenized yeast), group 3 (selenomethionine), group 4 (sodium selenite). Treatment groups were supplemented with 0.2 mg of additional selenium/kg. No significant changes in the hepatic GSH concentrations (P> 0.05) were found in the experimental groups compared to control. Significantly higher GSH concentration (P< 0.05) was found in breast muscles of broilers in group 4 (sodium selenite) compared to control. However, no positive effect of selenium supplementation in the form of sodium selenite was observed. The differences in the GPx activity in breast muscles and liver between the experimental groups and the control group were not significant (P> 0.05). No significant differences were recorded in the experimental groups compared to control in relation to the GSH concentration and GPx activity measured in the tissues. A significantly positive correlation was noted between mean GPx activity in breast muscle and breast muscle weight (P< 0.01; r = 0.3790) and live weight (P< 0.05; r = 0.2690). Although changes in the GSH concentration and GPx activity were recorded in some experimental groups, the selected dose of additional selenium appeared to be too low to affect these concentrations and the antioxidant defence system.
The methodology for endoluminal irreversible electroporation in porcine models
Authors: Andrašina Tomáš , Grolich Tomáš , Crha Michal , Stehlík Ladislav , Rohan Tomáš , Červinka Dalibor , Novotná Veronika , Bernard Vladan , Svobodová Iva , Válek Vlastimil
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to describe the methodology of the surgical technique for endoluminal irreversible electroporation in the biliary tract performed within the perihilar region in porcine models. Endoluminal irreversible electroporation of the common bile duct was performed on eight porcine models using an endoluminal device inserted during laparotomy. The endoluminal device consisted of three electrodes 1 cm in length, attached at 120 degrees around the balloon catheter. The procedure was conducted with the following parameters: number of pulses 90, voltage of 1500 V between each couple of electrodes. Cross sectional imaging and histopathological assessment were employed for evaluations of the ablation zone. Models were sacrificed 24 h and 96 h after ablation. The treatment was successful in all porcine models. All animals survived the defined study period. Peri-ablation oedema within the hepatoduodenal ligament and adjacent liver tissue could be measured on post-procedural MRI or CT. Perforation in the site of ablation developed in one model. Histopathological examination showed heavy regressive changes of the ablated tissue. The elastic membranes of the adjacent portal vein were preserved in all models. In our experience, this novel endoluminal modality used within the perihilar region in porcine models is a feasible and well predictable procedure. Further studies should explore the optimal protocol of catheter-based ablation to limit complications.
The effect of triamcinolone in liposomes on oral wound healing in rats
Authors: Erjavec Vladimira , Pavlica Zlatko , Fichtel Tomáš , Petelin Milan
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine whether oral mucosa wounds in rats can be successfully treated with triamcinolone acetonide (TA), incorporated into liposomes. A round wound was inflicted on the oral mucosa of female Wistar rats divided into four groups of 12 animals. This wound was treated topically from day 1 with liposomes without the inclusion of TA and liposomes containing 0.01% or 0.05% TA. The wounds of the animals in the control group were not treated. Polymethyl metacrylate was used as an ointment for mixing in liposomes. The size of the wound was measured until day 6. The area of inflammatory infiltrate under the wound was evaluated by histopathology, the expression of iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) enzyme under the wound was evaluated by immunohistochemistry until day 6. On the sixth day of experiment, the size of the wound and the area of the inflammatory infiltrate was the smallest in the group receiving empty liposomes (EL). Expression of iNOS was the most reduced in the group receiving EL. We conclude that oral mucosa wounds can be successfully treated with liposomes, although the incorporated drug triamcinolone would not be the appropriate drug for treating wounds of traumatic origin.
Effective fertility in direct sowing of spring wheat in the middle Volga region
Authors: Goryanin Oleg Ivanovich , Vasin Alexey Vasilyevich , Shcherbinina Elena Vladimirovna , Dzhangabaev Baurzhan Zhunuzovich , Pronovich Lilia Vladimirovna , Medvedev Ivan Filippovich
Published: July 2019

It is given the impact of direct sowing technologies with different levels of intensity of arable land use, in comparison with the traditional tillage, on the elements of fertility of ordinary chernozem and productivity of spring durum wheat in the middle Volga region. The complex application of direct sowing technology using straw as fertilizer stabilizes with traditional technology the supply of soil with nitrogen, increases the content of mobile forms of phosphorus in it by 1.5-21.2%, potassium exchange – by 10.4-18.3%.   Improving the nitrogen regime of the soil in direct sowing, in which the starting doses of nitrogen fertilizers were combined with integrated plant protection, provided the highest grain yield – 1.76-1.79 t/ha, which is 0.41-0.44 t/ha (30.4-32.6 %) higher than the control. The increase in yield from the use of biological products was 0.15 t / ha (11.9 %), nitrogen fertilizers N30 – 0.17 t/ha (13.4 %), the combined use of fertilizers and insecticides 0.50-0.53 t/ha (39.7-42.0 %). The highest cost recovery was after direct sowing with a maximum level of intensification-1.98-2.02 rubles/ha, which is 0.14-0.32 rubles/ha higher than the other options. The smallest economic indicators obtained in the control to 1.54 rubles/ha. According to the results of research with direct seeding of spring durum wheat in the region is proposed on the background of integrated plant protection application of calculated doses of mineral fertilizers on yield of 2.0 t/ha (pre-sowing, local-band application).
Veterinary-sanitary examination of freshwater fish sold in Irkutsk
Authors: Dolganova Sof'ya Gomoevna , Nohrina Elena Vyacheslavovna
Published: July 2019

The article gives the results of veterinary-sanitary examination of freshwater fish sold in Irkutsk markets. In total, 50 specimens of cooled and frozen fish were examined. Morphological, organoleptic and physic-chemical methods of fish study due to valid State Standard. The studied fish corresponds to: crucian by weight – selected category, roach by length – large category, bass by length – small category, omul and Peled are not divided by weight and length. It has been revealed that according to organoleptic parameters 94.1 % examined fish is of good quality, 5.9 % has doubtful freshness. Physic-chemical study of doubtful freshness samples has proved the results of organoleptic examination.
The influence of the liquid ameliorants on the physical properties of the soil
Authors: Vasilyev Alexey Anatolyevich , Vasilyev Sergey Anatolyevich
Published: July 2019

The article considers the influence of liquid meliorants on the physical properties of the soil. The main properties that were determined after the passage of the working body for making liquid ameliorants on the control plot of land were the filtration coefficient, porosity, humidity and the bulk density of the soil. Studies were conducted according to approved standards. As a result, the obtained values make it possible to judge the effectiveness of the use of liquid ameliorants in agricultural production. Thus, the soil moisture values in the zone of direct application of ameliorants at a depth of 30 cm are within 47%, which creates comfortable conditions for feeding the roots of plants in arid time.
Modern developments and technologies in the field of agricultural machinery storage
Authors: Mironov Evgeni Borisovich , Voronov Evgeni Viktorovich , Shisharina Anastasiya Nikolaevna
Published: July 2019

The article discusses the problems that arise before the specialists of engineering and technical services of agro-industrial enterprises when storing agricultural equipment, and the leading domestic and foreign developments in the field of corrosion protection. Deficiencies in modern conservation technologies are considered and recommendations on how to solve them are given.
EVALUATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF A BIOLOGICAL CASE FOR IMPLANTABLE CARDIAC DEVICES, IMPREGNATED WITH BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN AN EXPERIMENT ON LARGE LABORATORY ANIMALS
Authors: Artukhina E. A. , Vaskovskiy V. A. , Venediktov A. A. , Evdokimov S. V. , Durmanov S. S. , Evtjushkin I. A. , Bazylev V. V. , Revishvil A. Sh.
Published: July 2019

Aim. The purpose of the experimental study was to determine the functional properties of the case with antibacterial and hemostatic preparations impregnated on it, to assess the biological safety and the effectiveness of using this medical device in an in vivo model on large laboratory animals (pigs).Material and Methods. The article presents the first results of an experimental study of a domestic extracellular collagen matrix-based biological case “Bio-NEST” for implantable cardiac devices, impregnated with bioactive substances, in an in vivo experiment on large laboratory animals. The experiment was conducted in three chronological stages to analyze and evaluate the safety, efficacy, and histological compatibility of the biological sheath during implantation and reimplantation of cardiac devices using bioactive substances (antibacterial, hemostatic, and their combinations) as well as under the conditions of the established model of infection with pathogenic microflora implant pocket.Results. Results of the study showed that the use of the experimental cover sample was safe for a laboratory animal. Experimental samples were biocompatible and did not cause inflammatory and immune responses. Implantation of cardiac devices in the sample of the case allowed preventing implant migration and development of infectious inflammation of the implant bed when the experimental cover was impregnated with a solution of rifampicin and aminocaproic acid.
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE PREVALENCE OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN AN OPEN URBAN POPULATION: GENDER DIFFERENCES
Authors: Kayumova M. M. , Gakova E. I. , Senatorova O. V.
Published: July 2019

The aim. To determine gender differences in the prevalence of coronary heart disease in an open urban population.Material and Methods. For a one-stage epidemiological study in an open urban population, a representative sample of 25–64-year-old residents was formed from the electoral lists of the Central Administrative District of Tyumen (n=2000) using a “random” mathematical method. The response rates of the study were 85.0% among men and 70.3% among women. The conclusion about the presence of coronary artery disease was carried out according to strictly standardized epidemiological methods. Definite CHD (strict criteria) and possible CHD (lax criteria) were distinguished based on the extended criteria.Results. The prevalence rates of CHD in the open 25–64-year-old population were 12.4% in men and 10.0% in women. According to strict epidemiological criteria, the prevalence of painless ischemic heart disease prevailed in men; the prevalence of angina pectoris prevailed in women (predominantly at a young age). According to non-strict criteria, possible myocardial ischemia prevailed in men and women.Conclusion. The results can serve as a scientific basis for primary prevention of coronary artery disease and also necessitate identification of the gender differences in the study of the profile of conventional and non-conventional risk factors and their relationships with the prevalence of CHD in an open population of the urbanized Siberian city.
CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS
Authors: Yaroslavskaya E. I. , Aksenova K. V.
Published: July 2019

Cardiac arrhythmias are associated with deterioration in patient’s quality of life, thromboembolic complications, and sudden cardiac death. Coronary atherosclerosis is often the cause of cardiac arrhythmias. Myocardial hypoxia and remodeling lead to impaired formation and conduction of the impulse and the development of ectopic rhythm. The article reviews the main pathogenetic mechanisms for various types of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with atherosclerotic coronary lesions.
ASSOCIATION OF LEFT ATRIAL FIBROSIS EXTENT WITH LEFT VENTRICULAR STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL REMODELLING IN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Gizatulina T. P. , Pavlov A. V. , Martyanova L. U. , Shorokhova I. V. , Kolunin G. V.
Published: July 2019

Aim.To investigate the relationships between left atrial (LA) fibrosis extent and left ventricular (LV) structural and functional status in patients (pts) with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF).Material and Methods.The study enrolled 56 pts (mean age 57.1±8.4 years, 25 females), admitted to hospital for primary catheter ablation (CA), including 47 pts with paroxysmal AF and 9 pts with persistent AF. All pts had scheduled transthoracic echocardiography to measure size and volume of cardiac chambers and systolic and diastolic functions of the left ventricle. Based on the calculation of the LV mass index (LVMI) and relative wall thickness (RWT), we categorized all pts into 4 groups: (1) normal geometry (n=27); (2) concentric remodeling (normal LVMI and high RWT, n=13); (3) concentric hypertrophy (high LVMI and high RWT, n=6); and (4) eccentric remodeling (high LVMI and normal RWT, n=10). The assessment of LA fibrosis sizes was based on the allocation of low voltage zones (<0.5 mV) in the process of voltage electroanatomic mapping (VEM) as the first stage of CA. Following indicators were calculated: total square of fibrosis (Sf), % of fibrosis from the total LA square (Sf%), the degree of LA fibrosis (an analog of the UTAH score), and number of LA fibrosis zones. Level of NT-proBNP in blood was determined among other laboratory tests. All pts had preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF).Results.Results of the study confirmed positive relationships between Sf, Sf% and LA diameter, LVMI, and NT-proBNP level. Negative relationship was noted between Sf, Sf%, the UTAH degree and LVEF. Such LV geometry type as eccentric hypertrophy was associated with a higher number of LA fibrosis zones compared to the normal LV geometry, while significant differences in other types of geometry were not found.Conclusion. Thus, LA fibrosis extent was associated with LA size, LV function, and LV geometric remodeling pattern.
CAPABILITIES OF 123I-MIBG SCINTIGRAPHY AND GATED BLOOD-POOL SPECT IN PREDICTING THE RESULTS OF CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY
Authors: Mishkina A. I. , Zavadovsky K. V. , Saushkin V. V. , Lebedev D. I. , Lishmanov Yu. V. , Popov S. V.
Published: July 2019

Purpose.To assess the diagnostic value of scintigraphy parameters of sympathetic activity and mechanical dyssynchrony of the heart for prediction of the results of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).Material and Methods.The study included 28 patients with functional class III (NYHA) chronic heart failure referred for CRT. Before operation, a set of scintigraphic studies was performed to evaluate mechanical dyssynchrony, the state of cardiac sympathetic innervation, and perfusion. Clinical status, volume indices, and contractility of both cardiac ventricles were evaluated 6 months after CRT. After that, all patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included CRT responders (n=15); group 2 comprised non-responders (n=13).Results. Significant differences between groups were found in the following baseline parameters: early heart-to-mediastinum ratio (H/M) (2.42 and 1.87; p<0.05), delayed H/M (1.89 and 1.78; p<0.05), left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume (EDV) (271 mL and 299 mL; p<0.05); LV end-systolic volume (ESV) (206 mL and 227 mL; p<0.05), and interventricular dyssynchrony (109 ms and 62 ms; p<0.05). Responders showed a strong correlation between delayed H/M and LV dyssynchrony (–0.795, p<0.05). According to logistic regression analysis, delayed H/M (OR=4.25; 95% CI 1.4–12.92; p<0.5) and interventricular dyssynchrony (OR=1.01; 95% CI 1.003–1.03; p<0.5) were statistically significant determinants of the response to CRT.Conclusion. 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy can be used to predict the effectiveness of CRT. Delayed H/M ratio and interventricular dyssynchrony are the independent predictors of response to CRT.
ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME WITH NONOBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERIES: THE SEVERITY OF CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION DISORDERS (PILOT STUDY)
Authors: Vorobeva D. A. , Mochula A. V. , Baev A. E. , Ryabov V. V.
Published: July 2019

Aim. To study the structural and functional status of coronary blood flow in patients with acute coronary syndrome with nonobstructive coronary arteries using multispiral computed tomography (MSCT) and single photon emission tomography (SPECT) and to compare data of MSCT and invasive coronary angiography (ICA).Material and Methods. This study is a non-randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial. The study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. The inclusion criteria are listed on the site. All patients underwent CT and SPECT.Results. The study included 14 patients with MINOCA; the group comprised predominantly women (n=11, 78.6%); the average age was 61.1±14 years. The risk according to GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) risk score was moderate in 8 patients (57%) and high in 5 patients (35.7%). 85.7% of patients were admitted to hospital within the first six hours from onset of diseases. Three patients (21.4%) received thrombolytic therapy and it was effective in two of them (14%). Risk factors included hypertension (64.2%), dyslipidemia (50%), and burdened history (71.4). According to the results of invasive coronary angiography, intact coronary arteries were detected in 9 patients (64.3%); 5 patients (35.7%) had stenosis up to 50%. Coronary slow-flow phenomenon (TIMI 2) was detected in 11 patients (78.6%) including 8 patients (57.1%) who had coronary slow-flow phenomenon and intact coronary arteries. Severe coronary spasm was registered in 1 patient (7.1%) in the group with ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (STE ACS). According to MSCT data, the proportion of patients with intact coronary arteries decreased from 7 (50%) to 5 patients (35.7%) whereas the proportion of patients with nonstenosing atherosclerosis increased from 7 (50%) to 9 patients (64.3%). Twenty six atherosclerotic plaques were detected including eccentric (76%), circular (11.5%), and semi-circular plaques (11.5%). In regard to morphological structure, the atherosclerotic plaques were calcified (59.5%), mostly calcified (7.7%), and soft (29%). Normal myocardial perfusion (Summed Stress Score (SSS) and Summed Rest Score (SRS) <4) was detected in two patients (14.3%); 12 patients (85%) had transitory perfusion defects. The median score values were 7.5 (4; 13) for SSS, 4.7 (1.0; 9.0) for SRS, and 4.7 (3.0; 8.0) for SDS.Conclusion.The introduction of MCTA and SPECT into the algorithm of the examination of patients with acute myocardial infarction and non-obstructive atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries was safe when additionally used during index hospitalization. These approaches provided new information about the structure and function of the coronary arteries. These data provide rationale for further study using a larger group of patients to determine a prognostic significance of detecting the atherosclerotic plaques with the signs of instability in this patient category.
ASSOCIATION OF ADRENOREACTIVITY WITH THE STAGE OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE IN PATIENTS WITH PREVIOUS MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Aleksandrenko V. A. , Rebrova T. Yu. , Afanasiev S. A. , Garganeeva A. A.
Published: July 2019

Objective. To identify associations of beta-adrenoreactivity with stage of chronic heart failure (CHF) in patient with previousmyocardial infarction (MI).Material and Methods. A total of 50 patients with CHF underwent an analysis of adrenoreactivity based on the changes in red blood cellosmoresistance in the presence of adrenergic blocker to determine the activity of the sympathoadrenal system a year after MI.Results. Higher levels of beta-adrenoreactivity (β-ARM) were characteristic of patients with CHF of higher gradations: 61.8(47.5;74.8) с.u. in patients with stage IIA CHF versus 48.7 (39;65.2) с.u. in patients with stage I CHF, p=0.037.Conclusion. These results may suggest the diagnostic value of the indicator of adrenoreactivity and its possible use as a newbiomarker for assessing the severity of CHF in patients with previous myocardial infarction.
THE RESULTS OF STEP-BY-STEP MYOCARDIAL REVASCULARIZATION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AND MULTIVESSEL CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: EARLY PERFORMING CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS SURGERY AFTER STENTING USING BARE-METAL STENTS
Authors: Bocharov A. V. , Popov L. V.
Published: July 2019

Objective: To compare the long-term results of coronary artery bypass grafting performed in the early period after stenting for acute coronary syndrome by bare-metal stents with the results of coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with coronary heart disease.Material and Methods. The results of 24-month follow-up of step-by-step treatment of patients with acute coronary syndrome and multivessel lesion who received stenting of clinical-dependent artery with bare-metal stents as the first step and, then, underwent functional myocardial revascularization by aortocoronary bypass surgery within 90 days were analyzed. Results are presented as mean value and standard deviation (M±SD) in case of normal distribution and median with interquartile range in the form of 25 and 75 percentiles in case of non-normal distribution. The type of distribution of quantitative variables was assessed by the Lilliefors-corrected Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Efficacy and safety assessments were carried out according to the criteria of non-inferiority in comparison with the literature data of myocardial revascularization by stenting. The differences were estimated using a two-way 95% confidence interval of the difference in adverse events based on the selected noninferiority design.Results. Surgical revascularization of the coronary bed in the early period after stenting of the clinically dependent artery using bare-metal stents in patients with acute coronary syndrome and multivessel lesion was equivalent to coronary artery bypass grafting, except for the rate of repeated revascularization.
DEVELOPMENT OF NONINVASIVE TOPICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS
Authors: Khlynin M. S. , Batalov R. E. , Kiselev N. V. , Nam I. F. , Silivanov V. V. , Spisivtsev S. A.
Published: July 2019

Heart arrhythmias may accompany virtually any cardiac disease. The problem of the preprocedure topical diagnostics of various arrhythmias remains fundamentally important and relevant, which is confirmed by numerous algorithms aimed at non-invasive detection of the arrhythmogenic focus location. Today, many different methods are available for non-invasive topical diagnostics of the arrhythmogenic foci in both ventricular and atrial arrhythmias. A non-invasive imaging of cardiac electrophysiology (NICE), based on the solution of the inverse problem of the electrocardiography, is the most advanced new technology. The accuracy of NICE reaches 90%, however, it is still inferior in its capabilities to the “reference” method of the invasive intracardiac electrophysiological examination. Currently, the market presents devices for both invasive mapping and NICE. However, in the context of surgery, an integrated system of non-invasive electrophysiological mapping with invasive three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping is of high demand. The creation of hybrid systems will allow to visualize electrophysiological processes in the epi- and endocardial surface in the real time with very high accuracy and to carry out the radiofrequency catheter ablation of arrhythmias with the simultaneous reduction of the radiation load on the patient and medical personnel.
controle de constitucionalidade como mecanismo assecuratório dos direitos fundamentais à luz da teoria discursiva do Direito de Habermas
Authors: Mendes Jeferson de Oliveira , Henriques Rebeca Souza , Pedron Flávio Quinaud
Published: July 2019

O presente artigo busca examinar a concepção dos direitos fundamentais segundo a Teoria Comunitarista e os riscos existentes em virtude de sua utilização, sobretudo, pela ausência de legitimidade democrática. Em seguida, à luz da Teoria Discursiva do Direito de Habermas, será demonstrado como os direitos fundamentais devem ser enfrentados para alcançar maior legitimidade democrática. Após assentadas essas bases, o controle de constitucionalidade será abarbado com o fito de demonstrar seu ínsito caráter assecuratório para os direitos dos cidadãos. Colima-se, ainda, através do estudo do voto do Ministro Luís Roberto Barroso, proferido nas Ações Declaratórias de Constitucionalidade 43 e 44, demonstrar como o emprego de fundamentos comunitaristas nas decisões judiciais podem ensejar a violação de direitos fundamentais, razão pela qual sua adoção deve ser abandonada. A pesquisa bibliográfica será a via principal para elaboração do presente trabalho acadêmico, além do estudo de caso aludido.
Tingkat Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Persepsi Tenaga Kesahatan terhadap Kehalalan Obat di Rumah Sakit Kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Trisnawati Alfiyaturrohmaniyah -
Published: July 2019

Tenaga kesehatan memiliki peran yang penting dalam pemilihan obat untuk pasien khususnya di kalangan dokter dan apoteker. Dokter dan apoteker memiliki peran terbesar dalam pemilihan obat untuk pasien. Saat ini pemilihan obat oleh dokter dan apoteker beberapa belum mengerti dan belum paham tentang hukumnya menggunakan obat-obatan yang mengandung bahan yang dilarang menurut Islam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan presepsi tenaga kesehatan di rumah sakit Kabupaten Banyumas terhadap kehalalan obat. Penelitian ini mengunakan pendekatan cross sectional pada periode waktu bulan Februari hingga Juni. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner kepada responden dan metode pengambilan data secara accidental sampling dan pemilihan dari dokter dan apoteker yang bekerja di rumah sakit di wilayah Kabupaten Banyumas. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapatkan bahwa pengetahuan responden baik 73 responden (96%), sikap positif sebanyak 74 responden (97%), dan persepsi baik 76 responden (100%). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan dokter dan apoteker baik, serta sikap dan persepsidokter dan apoteker pun baik.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI BETASIKLODEKSTRIN TERHADAP KELARUTAN GLIMEPIRID
Authors: Darusman Fitrianti , Siti M Ulfa
Published: July 2019

Glimepirid (GMP) merupakan obat antidiabetika oral golongan sulfonilurea generasi ketiga yang mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dengan efek samping hipoglikemia yang kecil. Namun GMP termasuk ke dalam Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) kelas II yang memiliki kelarutan praktis tidak larut dalam air sehingga berpengaruh pada laju disolusi dan bioavailabilitasnya. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kelarutan GMP yaitu dengan pembentukan kompleks inklusi menggunakan betasiklodekstrin (BCD). Penentuan terbentuknya kompleks inklusi GMP-BCD menggunakan beberapa konsentrasi larutan BCD yang semakin meningkat dalam dapar asetat 0,01 M  pH 6,2 dan dapar fosfat 0,01 M pH 7,4 yang diteliti dengan metode kelarutan dan ditentukan secara spektrofotometri ultraviolet pada panjang gelombang serapan maksimum 228 nm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelarutan GMP meningkat dengan semakin meningkatnya konsentrasi BCD dengan harga tetapan stabilitas kompleks pada pH 7,4 lebih sebesar 0,650  lebih besar dari pada pH 6,2 yaitu sebesar 0,237 .
FORMULASI MINUMAN TEPUNG CACING TANAH (Lumbricus rubellus Hoffmeister) TERGANULASI DISERTAI UJI DAYA INGATNYA PADA MENCIT JANTAN
Authors: Darma Gita Cahya Eka , Saraswati Wulandari Putri , Sadiyah Esti Rachmawati
Published: July 2019

Protein is a chemical compound that is important for body. Earthworm (Lumbricus rubellus Hoffmeister) is known to have high protein content that can be used as alternative protein. This study aimed to determine the activity of earthworm flour in improving memory on mice (Mus musculus) and its formulation in the form of granulated earthworm flour beverage. Memory activity test was performed using Y labyrinth with observation parameter in the form of latency time (second) and number of errors. The optimum dose resulted from the memory test is 325 mg/kg BB which is equivalent to the use of two times the preparation containing 1.25 g of earthworm flour. Optimization of suspending agent was done singly and combination and obtained 3 formulae combination of best suspending agent and then continued to granulation proces. Formula evaluation conducted were organoleptic test, moisture, flow properties, particle size distribution, reconstitution time, redispersion time, sedimentation volume, viscosity, stability, hedonic test and quantitative analysis of protein content. Based of evaluation, one optimum formula was chosen which was, combination of 0,5% CMC-Na, 0,1% Sodium Alginate, 3,75% turmeric powder, 10% white sugar, 3% talk and Mg stearat 1%. The protein contained in the best formula was 26.03%
STUDI FITOKIMIA IRVINGIA MALAYANA SEBAGAI ANTIMALARIA DARI HUTAN MERU BETIRI DALAM RANGKA DRUG DISCOVERY
Authors: Puspaningtyas Ayik Rosita
Published: July 2019

Meru Betiri forest in Jember contains a lot of medicinal plants. Irvingia malayana (Pauh Kijang), which is one of the medicinal plants found, has been proven as an antimalarial. However, phytochemical and antimalarial studies of Irvingia malayana have never been carried out. This study was conducted for an antimalarial Drug Discovery through phytochemical study by isolating the roots, stems, and leaves of Irvingia malayana. From the analysis using FTIR, H-NMR, and GC-MS, it was concluded that the compound in the ethyl acetate extract of Irvingia malayana stem was terpenoids that was included in silymarin group as well as other plants in the genus Irvingia. The melting point of Irvingia malayana isolate was 120-121oC with white crystals. Statistical result of in vivo study showed that each group was significantly different. On day 4 after administration, IC50 showed was 11,827 mg/kgBW and day 3 was 6,927 mg/kgBW. Therefore, 3 days is the maximum duration of administration in reducing plasmodium and shows the most excellent activity as antimalarial. In in vitro study, IC50 of Irvingia malayana (62.855 ug/ml) has weak activity of antiplasmodium compared to chloroquine positive controls containing IC50 (1,114x10-3 ug/ml). Based on the data of in vivo and in vitro antimalarial activities, the compound had no antimalarial activity because the extract consisted of many components that possessed many possible synergetic mechanisms of antimalarial if compared to single compound.Keywords:
Aplikasi Analisis Korespondensi Berganda Terhadap Pemetaan Perkembangan Pembangunan Kota Ambon
Authors: Lesnussa Yopi Andry , Kelian H. , Persulessy E. R. , Djami R. J. , Talakua M. W.
Published: July 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peta persepsi indikator pembangunan di kota Ambon dengan menggunakan Analisis Korespondensi Berganda. Dimana metode ini menganalisis kategori dari beberapa indikator pembangunan antara lain, banyaknya fasilitas Pendidikan, banyaknya fasilitas Kesehatan, penduduk miskin dan banyaknya Objek Wisata yang ada di kota Ambon. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa kecamatan yang melalui jalan pusat kota Ambon menunjukan adanya peningkatan sarana pendidikan, sarana Kesehatan dan juga penduduk miskin, sedangkan untuk indikator Objek Wisata sendiri terjadi peningkatan pada kecamatan yang tidak dilalui Jalan Pusat Kota
Penggunaan Metode Momen untuk Mengatasi Data Outlier dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (Studi Kasus Hasil Produksi Tandan Buah Segar (TBS) selama 5 bulan (kg/pohon))
Authors: Hidayat Taufik
Published: July 2019

Cabang matematika yang membahas bagaimana melakukan pengambilan data, pengolahan data, penyajian data, analisis data, dan melakukan pengambilan keputusan disebut dengan Statistika. Salah satu cara untuk memperoleh data dengan melakukan perancangan percobaan. Ada hal penting yang perlu diperhatikan pada data yang diperoleh dari suatu percobaan yaitu adanya outlier dalam data. Suatu data menjadi outlier apabila terjadi kesalahan dalam pengamatan atau tidak berhasilnya suatu pengamatan pada salah satu unit percobaan. Hal ini dalam rancangan percobaan dikenal dengan istilah data hilang. Salah satunya menggunakan metode Regresi Robust. Regresi Robust memiliki beberapa metode estimasi, diantaranya adalah median (Estimasi-M), Least Median of Squares (LMS), least trimmed Squares (LTS), Scale (Estimasi-S), dan Metode Momen (Estimasi-MM). Pada penelitian ini, penerapan dilakukan untuk data Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Diilustrasikan terdapat pengamatan yang tidak berhasil sehingga datanya menjadi hilang dan diganti dengan nilai 0 yang sifatnya outlier. Pendugaan data hilang menggunakan metode Momen. Uji analisis variansi kemudian dilakukan pada kedua data, dan diperoleh kesimpulan yang sama untuk masing-masing pengaruh perlakuan dan pengaruh kelompok.
Penentuan Proporsi Keuntungan untuk Kontrak Asuransi Jiwa Dwiguna Unit Link dengan Menggunakan Metode Annual Ratchet
Authors: Saputra Yopi
Published: July 2019

Asuransi jiwa dwiguna unit link merupakan asuransi yang menggabung keseluruhan asuransi jiwa tradisional dwiguna dengan asuransi modern unit link yang menyediakan perlindungan dan investasi. Salah satu metode yang digunakan dalam kontrak asuransi jiwa unit link yaitu metode pengindeksan dengan tingkat partisipasi. Metode pengindeksan yang digunakan adalah annual ratchet, dimana tingkat partisipasi dievaluasi dari tahun ke tahun. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data saham penutupan harian PT. Telkom tahun 2012 dan suku bunga Bank Indonesia bulan Januari tahun 2013. Data probabilitas hidup mengikuti Tabel Mortalita Indonesia tahun 2011. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh proporsi keuntungan menggunakan desain compound ratchet sebesar 56.09% untuk nasabah dan 43.91% untuk perusahaan. Sedangkan proporsi keuntungan menggunakan desain simple ratchet sebesar 61.27% untuk nasabah dan 38.73% untuk perusahaan.
Perbandingan Model GAM dan Gamboost dalam Fitting Dataset Sea Surface Temperature
Authors: Miftahuddin Miftahuddin
Published: July 2019

Fitting model GAM (generalized additive models) dan Gamboost (generalized additive models by boosting) untuk dataset SST (sea surface temperature) dimaksudkan sebagai upaya mencapai perbaikan fitting model terhadap data SST. Secara umum, model GAM dapat memvisualisasikan masing-masing kovariat, sedangkan model gamboost dapat memvisualisasikan lebih detail kovariatnya dalam beberapa bentuk, baik secara linier dan nonlinier. Pengukuran performance yang digunakan terhadap model adalah nilai AIC (Akaike Information Criteria) dan CV-risk. Model GAM dengan boosting menunjukkan lebih sesuai dalam struktur model, pemilihan model terbaik dan seleksi variabel pada dataset SST. Fitting model GAM dapat menghasilkan pola dan trend masing-masing kovariat meskipun memiliki beberapa gap, sedangkan pada model gamboost memiliki lebih banyak pilihan simultan dalam bentuk linier, nonlinier dan smooth untuk masing-masing kovariat. Kedua pendekatan fitting memiliki kelebihan yang dapat saling melengkapi dalam memodelkan dataset SST.
Peran Pondok Pesantren Sebagai Lembaga Pendidikan Islam di Indonesia
Authors: Hidayat Tatang , Rizal Ahmad Syamsu , Fahrudin Fahrudin
Published: July 2019

This present study aims at identifying the role of Islamic boarding schools as Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia. This study employed a qualitative approach and literature study method. Based on the results of the study, Islamic boarding schools in fact provided the process of teaching, educating, developing, and spreading the religion of Islam. In relation to the objectives of Islamic boarding schools, it in principle aims to develop Islamic personality, specifically the personality that put more concern on the believing and consciousness of Allah, noble character, piety, usefulness and loyalty to the community, and being a custodian of all humankind (khadim al-ummaħ). The role of Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia was not only as educational institutions but also it took a role as a religious institution operated as a basis against any kind of colonialism, as knowledge institutions, research institutions, training institutions, and community development institutions, and cultural bonds. Keywords: Islamic Boarding Schools, Islamic Educational Institutions, IndonesiaAbstrakTujuan pembahasan ini untuk mengetahui peran pondok pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan Islam di Indonesia. Pembahasan ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode studi literatur. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan, pondok pesantren merupakan lembaga pendidikan Islam yang memberikan pengajaran, pendidikan, pembinaan dan menyebarkan agama Islam. Tujuan pendidikan pesantren adalah dalam rangka membina kepribadian Islami, yaitu kepribadian yang beriman dan bertakwa kepada Allah Subḥānahu Wa Ta’ālâ, berakhlak mulia, bermanfaat dan berkhidmat kepada masyarakat dengan menjadi pelayan umat (khadim al-ummaħ). Peran pondok pesantren di Indonesia bukan hanya sebagai lembaga pendidikan tetapi berperan juga sebagai lembaga keagamaan yang menjadi basis perlawanan terhadap segala bentuk penjajahan, lembaga keilmuan, lembaga penelitian, lembaga pelatihan, dan lembaga pengembangan masyarakat sekaligus menjadi simpul budaya.Kata Kunci: Pondok Pesantren, Lembaga Pendidikan Islam, Indonesia
The Bilingual Competence of Local Council Staffers in the Centre and Littoral Regions of Cameroon
Authors: Kouega Jean-Paul , Sihna Sama Alexandre
Published: July 2019

This work sets out to appraise the state of individual bilingualism in francophone local councils in Cameroon. The work checks the use of English by francophone local council workers and of French by their anglophone mates with the focus on the four communicative language skills, i.e., speaking, reading, writing and listening. The ethnographic approach to data collection was adopted, and self-rating through a questionnaire was the major tool used. The eight-item questionnaire was administered to 192 local council staffers. They were 177 (91.14% of 192) francophone workers selected out of a pool of over 500 workers in six local councils situated in two big francophone towns i.e., Douala and Yaounde on the one hand, and 15 (8.85% of 192) out of a total of 16 anglophone workers in these same localities. The analysis of the data collected revealed that very low percentages of francophone workers could perform the following tasks using English: discuss office issues with their bosses (10.16% of 177 subjects), read out a speech (8.47%), write a letter to their collaborators (4.51%), and listen to someone with understanding (20.33%). Conversely, a high proportion of anglophone workers were able to perform these same tasks using French i.e., discuss office issues with their bosses (73.33% of 15 subjects), read out a speech (20%), write a letter to a collaborator (33.33%), and listen to someone with understanding (80%). In short, 63.28% of 177 francophone workers reported having a low performance in receptive skills in English as opposed to 20% of 15 anglophone workers who said the same for French; similarly, 7.34% of 177 francophones claimed to have a good command of productive skills in English as opposed to 53.33% of 15 anglophones who claimed to have a command of French. The implications for the study are that official French-English bilingualism in Cameroon is a mere political wish which is not a reality on the field.
THE IMPORTANCE OF APPRAISAL AND PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR CREATIVE ECONOMY BUSINESS ACTORS
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Munawir Hardianty
Published: July 2019

In the era of globalization and technological advances, the development of creative economy is moving rapidly and offering much more different career for economic actors. But, this development of creative economy has some problems. The examples are the fluctuation of cash flow on the creative economy business actors and wealth authority which belong to intangible assets. Thus, it is difficult to determine the average price of a work from creative economic actors. According to the library researches, this study found the things that can solve the problem of a work standarization price for creative economy business actors. The creative economy business actors can be called as freelancer. They can make appraisal program under protection of professional association as policy maker and law protector to protect the value of a work from creative economy business actors.keywords:� Creative�� �Economy�� �Business�� �Actors,�� �Appraisal, Professional Association
Piipatusta simapillin, paimenhuilun pajatusta?
Authors: Karhu Hanna
Published: July 2019

Artikkelissa osoitetaan, että Otto Mannisen (1872−1950) runotuotannolla on yhteyksiä kepeänä pidettyyn kansanlauluperinteeseen. Runouden suhdetta kansanlauluun tarkastellaan artikkelissa nimenomaan yhteydessä rekilauluperinteeseen, eli uudempiin riimillisiin, rekilaulumittaa noudattaviin kansanlauluihin, jotka olivat 1800-luvun lopun Suomessa vallitseva kansanomaisen laulun laji ja josta kirjailijat ja runoilijat kiinnostuivat 1890-luvulla. Aiemmassa tutkimuksessa Mannisen runous on nähty pitkälti oppositiossa ennen kaikkea Eino Leinon edustamaan, laulullisuutta ja soinnillisuutta korostavaan runouteen. Mannisen runoutta on käsitelty yhteydessä symbolismin poetiikkaan ja runojen konstruktivistista ja kryptistäkin luonnetta korostettu. Artikkelissa tarkastellaan erityisesti kahta Mannisen Säkeitä-esikoiskokoelman (1905) runoa, ”Pellavan kitkijää” ja ”Luistimilla”, jotka oli molemmat julkaistu jo aiemminkin (1897 ja 1900). Runoja verrataan suullisen perinteen rekilauluihin (Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran perinteen ja nykykulttuurin kokoelman rekilaulumuistiinpanojen avulla), erityisesti runojen säkeistörakenteiden sekä suullisen perinteen formuloiden toisintamisen ja varioimisen osalta. ”Luistimilla”-runon tapauksessa sivutaan myös runon rytmiä. Artikkelissa käsitellään myös Antti Rytkösen runoa ”Järven jäällä” (1900) sekä eräitä Mannisen arkiston aineistoja.
Metanarratiivisuus ja kerronnallinen toimijuus
Authors: Meretoja Hanna
Published: July 2019

Esitän artikkelissani, että postmodernismin jälkeisen nykykirjallisuuden keskeinen piirre on metanarratiivisuus. Nostan esiin aiempien lähestymistapojen sivuuttamat kaksi metanarratiivisuuden keskeistä piirrettä: metanarratiivisten kertomusten tavan pohtia paitsi omaa kertomusluonnettaan myös kertomusten merkitystä ihmisenä olemiselle ja kertomusten funktioita kulttuurisessa ja yhteiskunnallisessa todellisuudessamme. Artikkelissani teoretisoin metanarratiivisuutta suhteessa kerronnallisen toimijuuden käsitteeseen. Kerronallinen toimijuutemme koostuu kyvystämme käyttää, tulkita ja uudelleentulkita kertomuksia, jotka ovat meille kulttuurisesti tarjolla, eritellä ja haastaa niitä ja tehdä valintoja sen suhteen, miten tulkitsemme kerronnallisesti elämäämme ja ympäröivää maailmaa. Esitän artikkelissa mallin, jonka avulla voi hahmottaa kerronnallisen toimijuuden kolmea keskeistä ulottuvuutta, jotka ovat kerronnallinen tietoisuus, kerronnallinen mielikuvitus ja kerronnallinen dialogisuus. Artikkelin jälkipuoliskolla analysoin metanarratiivisuuden ja kerronnallisen toimijuuden käsitteiden valossa Siri Hustvedtin teosta The Summer Without Men (2011). Lopuksi pohdin yhdessä lukemisen merkitystä kerronnallisen toimijuuden vahvistamisen näkökulmasta.
Kirjallisuustiedettä kansalle!
Authors: Kraatila Elise , Juntunen Hanne
Published: July 2019

Puheenvuoromme käsittelee kirjallisuustieteen menetelmien ja näkökulmien esille tuomista laajemmalle maallikkoyleisölle alan tutkijoita nykypäivänä kohtaavana tehtävänä ja haasteena. Väitämme, että kirjallisuustieteelle ominaisten analyyttisten metodien ja kriittisten näkökulmien hallitseminen on tärkeämpi kansalaistaito kuin koskaan ennen. Ne auttavat luovimaan erilaisten mediatekstien muovaamassa, risteävien ja ristiriitaisten kertomusten kyllästämässä nykytodellisuudessa. Kirjallisuudentutkijoina voimme edistää näiden taitojen hallintaa: popularisoimalla alallemme tyypilliset lähestymistavat ja ajattelun välineet osaksi julkista keskustelua annamme yleisölle työkaluja 2010-luvun sosiaalisen todellisuuden jäsentämiseen ja kriittiseenkin tarkasteluun. Samalla teemme omaa tieteenalaamme näkyväksi ja osoitamme sen merkitystä konkreettisella tavalla. Tekemällä kirjallisuustieteellisestä näkökulmasta vaikuttavan osan julkista keskustelua pystymme korostamaan kirjallisuudentutkimuksen arvoa ja erityisyyttä omana alanaan aikana, jota määrittää vaikuttavuuden ymmärtäminen mitattavuuden ja rahallisten tulosten kautta.
Dialogisuutta ylevän ja makaaberin rajalla Paavo Rintalan teoksessa Aika ja uni
Authors: Romppainen Päivikki Kirsimarja
Published: July 2019

Artikkeli tarkastelee, kuinka elämäkerrallinen muistaminen, yleiset historiat sekä ylevä, makaaberi ja groteski kutoutuvat yhteen Paavo Rintalan romaanin Aika ja uni (1993) kertojahahmossa. Rintalan vuonna 1987 alkaneen myöhäistuotannon kertoja käy vahvaa sisäistä dialogia eri ikäkausiensa muistamisen manifestaatioiden kanssa. Käyttämällä Mihail Bahtinin dialogisuuden käsitettä ja Jens Brockmeierin huomioita elämäkerrallisesta muistista pohdin, kuinka yhteen punoutuvat yksilöllisen ja historiallisen muistamisen säikeet luovat sisäisesti jännitteisiä trooppeja. Analysoimalla erityisesti sotilaan arkkityyppiä osoitan, kuinka sotilaan trooppi yhdistää ja ylittää perinteiset uhriuden ja tekijyyden dikotomiat. Edelleen, kertojassa yhdistyvät niin ylevät (marttyyrius) kuin makaaberit ja rujot (ikääntyvä kyttyräselkä Kristus) troopit kerrottaessa 1900-luvun traumahistorioita. Kerronnan tuloksena ei saavutetakaan sulkeumaa tai kertojahahmon saati historioiden lopullista tulkintaa. Tämä pysyvä jännite eri ainesten välillä voi provosoida lukijaa aktiiviseen lukijuuteen tasapainottelussa tekstin keskihakuisten ja keskipakoisten voimien välillä.
Tuore ja monisärmäinen runoilijakuva Saima Harmajasta
Authors: Kainulainen Siru
Published: July 2019

Ritva Ylönen 2019: Saima Harmaja. Sydänten runoilija 1913–1937. Helsinki: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura. 298 s.
Kirjallisuus musiikissa ja musiikki kirjallisuudessa
Authors: Hyvärinen Jussi
Published: July 2019

Siru Kainulainen, Liisa Steinby & Susanna Välimäki (toim.): Kirjallisuuden ja musiikin leikkauspintoja. Helsinki: SKS 2018. 429 s.
Las reescrituras fílmicas de la comedia nueva
Authors: Carmona Alba
Published: July 2019

Broadly speaking, the cinematographic adaptations of the comedia nueva have not drawn the Hispanists’ attention. Why? Have there been any changes to that trend lately? This essay aims at tackling these issues. It suggests that the underdevelopment of this field of study is due to a strong philological orientation of most Spanish departments and the scattering of film materials. It also proposes that the increasing academic interest inSiglo de Oro’s presence on screen is linked to the recent release of TV series such asEl Ministerio del Tiempo, which has brought Lope and Cervantes close to a broader public. This essay concludes by suggesting some relevant research threads that are still to be explored, such as studying unfinished cinematographic adaptations and the analysis ofcomedia’s diffusion through TV.