bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Therapeutic Agents for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on Mendelian Analysis of Two Sample Sets: Potential Merits and Disadvantages of Utilization
Authors: Xu Zhilong , Zeng Ao , Yin Yanze , Chen Keyi , Wang Chao , Fang Xinyun , Abuduwayiti Abudumijiti , Wang Jiarui , Jiang Gening , Dai Jie
Published: December 2023

This study addresses the urgent need for effective treatments for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF), a disease characterized by chronic and irreversible lung fibrosis with high mortality. Current treatment options are limited, emphasizing the importance of exploring innovative approaches. Our research focuses on drug repositioning and utilizes Mendelian randomization, a novel method leveraging genetic variation, to assess the potential impact of various therapeutic drugs on IPF. The aim is to advance the understanding of drug effects, potentially paving the way for the development of new and impactful treatments to slow disease progression and improve the quality of life for IPF patients.
Anemia and iron metabolism disorders after single anastomosis sleeve ileal (SASI) bypass. Is it a real problem?
Authors: Parkitna Joanna , Binda Artur , Gonciarska Agnieszka , Jaworski Paweł , Kudlicka Emilia , Barski Krzysztof , Wawiernia Karolina , Jankowski Piotr , Wąsowski Michał , Kuryłowicz Alina , Tarnowski Wiesław
Published: December 2023

Purpose
SASI (single anastomosis sleeve ileal) bypass can lead to nutritional deficiencies, including disorders of iron metabolism and anemia. This study aims to evaluate the effect of SASI bypass on weight loss, anemia, and iron deficiency in patients with obesity during the follow-up period.
Methods
This study is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from patients who underwent SASI bypass at our hospital between January 2020 and February 2022.
Results
The mean age of the patients was 42 years (range 22–58). The average duration of the follow-up period was 26 months. The mean percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) was 90.1%, and total weight loss (%TWL) was 30.5%. During the postoperative observation period, anemia was identified in ten patients (25%), comprising 70% with normocytic anemia, 10% with microcytic anemia, and two macrocytic anemia cases (20%). Iron deficiency was observed in two patients (5%).
Conclusion
SASI bypass is an effective bariatric procedure in weight loss outcomes. However, in our follow-up period, there may be an elevated risk of anemia and disruptions in iron metabolism associated with this procedure. This indicates the need to monitor iron homeostasis parameters periodically and consider permanent supplementation in patients after SASI bypass, especially at prolonged postoperative intervals.
IoT and Blockchain for Smart Water Quality Management in Future Cities: A Hyperledger Fabric Framework for Smart Water Quality Management and Distribution
Authors: Samanta Saikat , Sarkar Achyuth
Published: December 2023

The delivery and management of clean water are crucial for the long-term growth of Smart Cities. However, controlling water quality and delivery in a smart city is a difficult and time-consuming process. In this work, we suggest a unique solution for smart water quality monitoring and distribution in Smart Cities that combines Internet of Things (IoT) with blockchain technology. We describe a system based on Hyperledger Fabric that provides safe and efficient data gathering, authentication, preservation, and smart contract execution. A continuous monitoring of water quality parameters, such as pH, temperature, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen, is achieved using the proposed IoT system. The collected data is stored on a secure blockchain ledger using Hyperledger Fabric, ensuring transparency, immutability, and security. Smart contracts are used to automate the water distribution process, enabling the system to efficiently allocate water resources based on demand and quality. Furthermore, the use of blockchain technology ensures that water quality data cannot be tampered with, providing a high degree of trust and accountability in the system. Overall, the proposed system represents a significant step towards a sustainable and secure future for water management in cities. This technology can revolutionize the way we manage and distribute water resources, ensuring safe and clean drinking water for future generations.
Glomerular crescents are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetic kidney disease progression: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Bae Sohyun , Yun Donghwan , Lee Sung Woo , Jhee Jong Hyun , Lee Jung Pyo , Chang Tae Ik , Oh Jieun , Kwon Young Joo , Kim Sung Gyun , Lee Hajeong , Kim Dong Ki , Joo Kwon Wook , Chin Ho Jun , Han Seung Seok
Published: December 2023

Background
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) stands as the predominant cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease. Its diverse range of manifestations complicates the treatment approach for patients. Although kidney biopsy is considered the gold standard for diagnosis, it lacks precision in predicting the progression of kidney dysfunction. Herein, we addressed whether the presence of glomerular crescents is linked to the outcomes in patients with biopsy-confirmed type 2 DKD.
Methods
A comprehensive review was conducted, involving 327 patients diagnosed with biopsy-confirmed DKD in the context of type 2 diabetes, excluding cases with other glomerular diseases, from nine tertiary hospitals. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using a Cox regression model to assess the risk of kidney disease progression, defined as either ≥ 50% decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rates or the development of end-stage kidney disease, based on the presence of glomerular crescents.
Results
Out of ten patients (3.1%), glomerular crescents were observed in their biopsied tissues. Over the follow-up period (median of 19 months, with a maximum of 18 years), the crescent group exhibited a higher risk of kidney disease progression than the no crescent group, with an adjusted HR of 2.82 (1.32–6.06) (P = 0.008). The presence of heavy proteinuria was associated with an increased risk of developing glomerular crescents.
Conclusion
The presence of glomerular crescents is indeed linked to the progression of type 2 DKD. Therefore, it may be necessary to include histological monitoring of glomerular crescents in the management of patients to provide more intensive treatment.
Unknown Building Exploration via Frontier Incentivazition under Various Communication Scenarios
Authors: Kocabas Huzeyfe , Harper Mario
Published: December 2023

Exploring unknown indoor environments poses significant challenges for robotic systems, especially in restricted communication areas. We propose a new and computationally lightweight approach for multi-robot indoor exploration by integrating frontier-based exploration, Voronoi sub-partitioning, and an agent detection mechanism that significantly improves exploration time. Unlike existing studies, our research systematically investigates three communication scenarios between robots: no communication, limited communication (within sensor range and line of sight), and oracle-based communication (central monitoring). Through extensive simulations in diverse map complexities, this study shows the improved performance of the proposed agent detection mechanism in unknown building exploration under limited communication.
Anti CFH-associated HUS: do we still need Plasma Exchange?
Authors: Ferri Marion , Zotta Frederica , Donadelli Roberta , Dossier Claire , Duneton Charlotte , El-Sissy Carine , Fremeaux-Bacchi Veronique , Kwon Theresa , Quadri Lisa , Pasini Andrea , Sellier-Leclerc Anne-Laure , Vivarelli Marina , Hogan Julien
Published: December 2023

Background
Five to 50% of atypical hemolytic and uremic syndrome (aHUS) in children are caused by autoantibodies against complement Factor H (CFH). Given the acquired autoimmune nature of the disease, plasma exchange and various immunosuppressive treatments have been used. More recently, eculizumab has been proposed.
Methods
In this multicenter, retrospective study, we report the outcome of 12 children with anti-CFH antibody-associated HUS treated with eculizumab associated with various immunosuppressive regimens.
Results
Patients were treated with eculizumab for 15.5 [9.5;23.0] months and 3 received plasma exchange (PE) or IgG adsorption. Three patients received MMF alone, 1 patient received an association of MMF and steroids, 1 patient received an association of MMF and rituximab, 3 patients received MMF/steroids and rituximab and 4 patients did not receive any immunosuppression. Anti-CFH ab levels significantly decreased but no difference was observed based on the immunosuppressive regimen. ECZ was discontinued in 7/10 patients after 11 [7.5–15.5] months and MMF in 6/8 patients after 36 [35;40] months. Anti-CFH titers at MMF discontinuation ranged from 257 to 3425 UI/L. None of these patients relapsed and eGFR at last follow-up was above 70mL/min/1.73m2 in all patients.
Conclusion
Eculizumab is effective and safe in inducing and maintaining remission in aHUS secondary to anti-CFH antibodies and renders anti-CFH titers reduction less urgent. Anti-CFH antibody titers decreased in most patients irrespective of the immunosuppressive treatment chosen, so that a strategy consisting of associating eculizumab with MMF monotherapy seems sufficient at least in non-Indian or less severe forms of anti-CFH antibody-associated HUS.
Assessment of conjunctival microvessels for patients with coronary artery disease using Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography
Authors: Liu Jing , Sun Jiayi , Zhang Yue , Gu Xiaoya , Yu Xue , Yu Xiaobing
Published: December 2023

Background
To quantify conjunctival microvascular characteristics obtained by optical coherence tomographic angiography (OCTA) and investigate their relationship with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 103 consecutive CAD patients confirmed by coronary angiography and 125 non-CAD controls. The temporal conjunctivas along the limbus of each participant were scanned using OCTA. Quantification of conjunctival microvasculature was performed by AngioTool software. The severity of the disease was evaluated using SYNTAX and Gensini scores.
Results
Compared to the controls, the CAD group exhibited significantly lower vessel area density (30.22 ± 3.34 vs. 26.70 ± 4.43%, p < 0.001), lower vessel length density (6.39 ± 0.77 vs. 5.71 ± 0.89/m, p < 0.001), lower junction density (3.44 ± 0.56 vs. 3.05 ± 0.63/m, p < 0.001), and higher lacunarity (0.11 ± 0.03 vs. 0.14 ± 0.05, p < 0.001). Among all participants, lower vessel area density, lower vessel length density, lower junction density, and higher lacunarity were associated with greater odds of having CAD; the adjusted ORs (95% confidence intervals) per one SD decrease were 2.71 (1.71, 4.29), 2.51(1.61, 3.90), 2.06 (1.39, 3.05), and 0.36 (0.23, 0.58), respectively. Among CAD patients, junction density was negatively associated with the Gensini score (r=-0.359, p = 0.037) and the Syntax score (r=-0.350, p = 0.042) in women but not in men (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
Conjunctival microvascular characteristics were significantly associated with the presence of CAD. Junction density significantly associated with the severity of CAD among women patients.
Examining the Impact of Social Media Use on University Students' Learning, Sleeping Habits, and Social Interactions: A Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Olugbade Damola
Published: December 2023

Social media use has grown prevalent across the world, affecting the lives of people of all ages, including university students. People may now create, share, and interact with others across long distances because to the increased acceptance of social media platforms. The goal of this study was to investigate the consequences of social media use on university students' learning, sleeping habits, and social interactions. A cross-sectional study approach was used using a sample of 200 students from First Technical University in Ibadan, Nigeria. A questionnaire was utilized to collect data, and statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-squared (Fisher's exact test) method. According to the data, 98% of the participants used social networking sites. Furthermore, 66% of students said that social media addiction had a detrimental influence on their academic performance since they were more drawn to social media engagement. Tiktok was the most widely used social media platform (41%), followed by Snapchat (24%), WhatsApp (19%), Instagram (10%), Telegram (2%), and Twitter (2%). In addition, the survey examined students' sleeping patterns, with 50% reporting bedtime between 10 p.m. and 11 p.m., and 44% sleeping between 1 a.m. and 2 a.m. Notably, 71% of students blamed their later bedtime on their use of social media. Finally, half of the respondents admitted that social media had an impact on their social interactions. In conclusion, this study highlights the extensive application of social media among university students and its potential impact on various aspects of their lives. The findings highlight the need for more study and interventions to address the addictive nature of social media, encourage good sleeping habits, and buffer any harmful effects on interactions among this demographic.
Application of multi-angle spaceborne observations in characterizing the long-term particulate organic carbon pollution in China
Authors: Hang Yun , Pu Qiang , Zhu Qiao , Meng Xia , Jin Zhihao , Liang Fengchao , Tian Hezhong , Li Tiantian , Wang Tijian , Cao Junji , Fu Qingyan , Dey Sagnik , Li Shenshen , Huang Kan , Kan Haidong , Shi Xiaoming , Liu Yang
Published: December 2023

Ambient PM2.5 pollution is recognized as a leading environmental risk factor, causing significant mortality and morbidity in China. However, the specific contributions of individual PM2.5 constituents remain unclear, primarily due to the lack of a comprehensive ground monitoring network for constituents. This issue is particularly critical for carbonaceous species such as organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), which are known for their significant health impacts, and understanding the OC/EC ratio is crucial for identifying pollution sources. To address this, we developed a Super Learner model integrating Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) retrievals to predict daily OC concentrations across China from 2003 to 2019 at a 10-km spatial resolution. Our model demonstrates robust predictive accuracy, as evidenced by a random cross-validation R² of 0.84 and an RMSE of 4.9 μg/m³, at the daily level. Although MISR is a polar-orbiting instrument, its fractional aerosol data make a significant contribution to the OC exposure model. We then use the model to explore the spatiotemporal distributions of OC and further calculate the EC/OC ratio in China. We compared regional pollution discrepancies and source contributions of carbonaceous pollution over three selected regions: Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Fenwei Plain, and Yunnan Province. Our model observes that OC levels are elevated in Northern China due to industrial operations and central heating during the heating season, while in Yunnan, OC pollution is mainly contributed by local forest fires during fire seasons. Additionally, we found that OC pollution in China is likely influenced by climate phenomena such as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Considering that climate change is increasing the severity of OC concentrations with more frequent fire events, and its influence on OC formation and dispersion, we suggest emphasizing the role of climate change in future OC pollution control policies. We believe this study will contribute to future epidemiological studies on OC, aiding in refining public health guidelines and enhancing air quality management in China.
12-Methoxy Carnosic acid efficacy determinationand optimization through computational tools for 5alpha reductase enzyme and using finasteride as refrence molecule.
Authors: bahaa Ahmed
Published: December 2023

It has been known for many decades that rosemary is used as treatment for Alopecia and hair loss
This paper is addressing the efficacy of 12-Methoxy carnosic acid found in rosemary as 5 alpha reductase inhibitor compared to finasteride through molecular docking techniques. Using docking tools like Auto dock tools to assign enzyme configuration box and then using vina tool for molecular docking and getting reports for both ligands. Also chemsketch was used to optimize the drug and ensure the docking of the 2 pockets of 5 alpha reductase . Also pymol was used for visualization and ligand-enzyme interactions different orientations with different scores. Also open babel was used to handle the many conversions in cheminformatics nature. The results were very promising for a natural molecule like 12-methoxy carnosic acid molecule as 5 alpha reductase inhibitor . This review authenticates that rosemary has appeared as a reliable source for curing hair loss, by inhibiting 5 alpha reductase enzyme. It also opens the door for further studies on single isolated constituents, especially carnosic acid,and support drug discovery with computational and cheminformatics techniques.
Creation of Iğdır geological map with geographic information systems (GIS) and comparison with large soil groups
Authors: KARAOĞLU Mücahit
Published: December 2023

The geological map of Iğdır was prepared using the abolished General Directorate of Rural Services (GDRS, 1/25000), General Directorate of Land Reform (GDLR, 1/25000), General Directorate of Mineral Research and Exploration (GDMRE, 1/500000) maps and Geographic Information System (GIS). A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the Iğdır province land and hydrographic map was created using the 1/25000 scale topographic map of the General Directorate of Mapping (GDM) of the Iğdır province. On the hydrographic map, 6 bifurcation sequences and 13 river sub-basins were determined and the basin map of Iğdır province was created. Iğdır province SPI distribution map was prepared with Stream Power Index (SPI) calculations. Area and percentage calculations were performed with ArcGIS Pro 3.0.1. The geological map of Iğdır province was compared with the map of large soil groups of Iğdır province prepared previously. Consequently, it was determined that on the 4th time formations Basaltic, Maroon, Colluvial, Hydromorphic and Alluvial soils; on the 3rd time Miosen formations Brown, Regosol, Basaltic and Colluvial soils; on the 2nd time Mesozoic formations Brown soils and Bare Rocks and Slope Debris; on the 1st time common formations of Permian and Carboniferous periods Alluvial soils were located. SPI values were calculated between 14.6 and − 13.8 from high mountainous areas to the depression plain, and it was determined that seasonal stream flows have high erosive power.
Examining Relationships Between Nonprofit Organizations and Board Member Affiliations: A Social Network Study
Authors: Dong Weichuan
Published: December 2023

This paper investigates the relationship between nonprofit organizations (NPOs) and third-party organizations (TPOs) in Western New York by examining the composition of NPO boards. While past research has explored board diversity's impact on NPO performance, this study focuses on the identities and affiliations of board members, specifically their roles in external TPOs. Three key questions guide the investigation: 1) the overall composition of NPO boards in terms of external TPO affiliations, 2) variations in board composition across NPO categories, and 3) the broader NPO-TPO relationship structure and characteristics of key-position NPOs. The findings shed light on the current state of relationships between NPOs and external resources, providing insights for NPOs in board member selection and support attraction, as well as guidance for TPOs interested in specific social activities. The paper employs theoretical perspectives such as weak ties, reviews relevant literature, introduces network models, and discusses results within the research framework, contributing practical insights to decision-making in Western New York's nonprofit sector.
AI-based Wildfire Prevention, Detection and Suppression System
Authors: Shroff Prisha
Published: December 2023

Wildfires pose a serious threat to the world’s en- vironment. The global wildfire season length has increased by 19% and severe wildfires have besieged nations around the world. Every year, forests are burned by these wildfires, causing vast amounts of carbon dioxide to be released into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change. Therefore, there is a need for a system which prevents, detects, and suppresses wildfires. The AI-based Wildfire Prevention, Detection and Suppression System (WPDSS) is a novel, fully-automated, end-to-end, AI-based so- lution to effectively predict hotspots (areas where wildfires can start) and detect wildfires, deploy drones to spray fire retardant, preventing and suppressing wildfires. WPDSS consists of four steps. 1) Pre-processing: WPDSS loads real-time satellite data from NASA and meteorological data from NOAA of vegetation, temperature, precipitation, wind, soil moisture, and land cover for prevention. For detection, it loads the real-time data of Land Cover, Humidity, Temperature, Vegetation, Burned Area Index, Ozone, and CO2. It uses the process of masking to eliminate not-hotspots and not-wildfires such as water bodies, and rainfall. 2) Learning: The AI model consists of a random forest classifier, a type of supervised machine learning, which uses a series of decision trees to make an accurate decision. It is trained using a labeled dataset of hotspots/wildfires and not-hotspots/not- wildfires. 3) Identification of hotspots and wildfires: WPDSS runs the real-time data through the model to automatically identify hotspots and wildfires. 4) Drone deployment: The drone flies to the identified hotspot/wildfire location. WPDSS attained a 98.6% accuracy in identifying hotspots and a 98.7% accuracy in detecting wildfires. WPDSS will reduce the impacts of climate change, protect ecosystems and biodiversity, avert huge economic losses, and save human lives. The power of WPDSS developed can be applied to any location globally to prevent and suppress wildfires, reducing climate change.
Improving Sentiment Analysis in Online Course Reviews with BERT and Transformer Attention Mechanism
Authors: Meem Raisa Fairooz , Hasan Khandaker Tabin
Published: December 2023

In the field of text mining, sentiment analysis has grown significantly in importance for understanding user reactions. This knowledge contributes to improving several features of given goods or services. Considering its adequacy, sentiment analysis can play a significant role in the educational field, where student input is essential for enhancing curricula and recommending courses, resources, and other elements. Likewise, because of the higher accuracy and decreased complexity, transfer learning models are increasingly being used in a variety of domains, which suggests that the educational sector will substantially benefit from incorporating them into its related domains.
To leverage the advantages of both sentiment analysis and transfer learning techniques, this study suggests a Transfer Learning Model (BERT-base-uncased) based on BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) using the Transformer Attention Mechanism to analyse the sentiment of student feedback from various online courses. Two applications of the suggested model have been demonstrated- one with a sequence classifier and another without it. The result shows a significant accuracy of 76% with a high recall value with the sequence classifier.
Optimization of payroll funds in construction industry
Authors: Yamshchikovа I. V.
Published: December 2023

This study analyzes a new method for determining the minimum subsistence level based on the median wage in regions with the purpose of exploring the impact of this method on payroll funding in construction industry. The research methodology involved economic and statistical analysis, system analysis, as well as integration of theoretical and practical knowledge. The authors analyzed payroll fund as part of the cost estimate documentation and the wages stipulated in the “Federal Industrial Agreement on the Construction and Building Materials Industry of the Russian Federation, 2020-2023”. The authors analyzed the new method proposed by the Russian Government for determining the minimum subsistence level on the basis of the median wage, explored its advantages and disadvantages, and introduced ideas for its optimization. According to the results obtained, the changes introduced in the method for calculating the minimum subsistence level in 2021 failed to produce the expected results. The method needs to be improved in the following part. The official indicators of regional median wages should be calculated at least quarterly and posted on the official website of Rosstat. The method should justify the percentage (44.2%) adopted for the calculation of the minimum subsistence level based on the median wage. In addition, a low threshold should be established for the minimum subsistence level in a region equal to the cost of the market basket. In order to be calculated accurately, the cost of the market basket should be adjustable in terms of the content of all its sections.
Natural conformity of a campus as a result of modelling its layout
Authors: Bol'shakov A. G.
Published: December 2023

In this work, we investigate the layout and architecture of campuses in terms of the role of natural landscapes in their space. Campus structures are considered as spatial grids in the context of their interaction with natural landscapes and their components. We studied the experience of designing a botanical garden in Columbia in a hot humid climate, the Polytechnic University in Ben Guerir in the climate of the Western Sahara and the Russian Far Eastern Federal University on Russky Island near Vladivostok. An analysis of the existing layout and development of the campus of the Irkutsk National Research Technical University was carried out. Scientific foundations for arranging interaction between campuses and environmental conditions were determined, referred to as natural conformity principles. Architectural and planning grids are the spatial basis for campus organization. The cells of planning grids are the courtyards of buildings of various purposes, squares and other public spaces. Pedestrian boulevards (malls) connect the cells and the campus as a whole. The natural conformity of the campus depends on the consistency of cells, connections and boundaries of its architectural and spatial structure with the relief, groups and arrays of plantations, as well as with the climate, light and water bodies – landscape spaces. Another important factor is orientation of the building layout to natural attractors, i.e., the most attractive natural landscapes.
Historicism, revivalism, and eclecticism as precursors to modernism in sacred Viennese architecture
Authors: Glebova N. M.
Published: December 2023

The paper aims to examine sacred Austrian architecture of the historicism period as a precursor to modernism; to explore the demise of historicism, which left room for the contributions of progressive architects and the emergence of new styles (such as the Vienna Secession) and, subsequently, modernism; to explain the impact of social changes on the spatial organization, structure, materials, decoration, and interior of religious architecture and how traditionalism resisted modernism. The study examines over 250 Austrian churches, 80 of which were built in historical styles in 1830–1910. With the use of literary evidence, the evolution of church construction is empirically traced to the present day, thus explaining the emergence of current architectural trends. The work of architects shapes new styles and identities – a process that is also characteristic of Russian architecture. The mixture of historical styles presented in new combinations and materials within a single building indicates a search leading to the discovery of entirely new forms. In addition, the buildings are naturally affected by social upheavals, as well as advances in science and technology. In collaboration with the client, the architect translates contemporary social attitudes into architecture, thus generating new images and symbols that are inextricably linked to the worldview of their era.
Formation of Baikalsk living environment in transforming city structure under severe seismic conditions
Authors: Salandaeva Olga I. , Berzhinskaya L. P. , Usatyy R. A.
Published: December 2023

The Baikalsk city planning and development strategies are based on multilevel-structured concepts. Combined city-forming and city-serving factors underpin the priorities of functional transformation of the city. Unique natural, climatic, geographical and social conditions of the city, as well as the attractive character of Lake Baikal determine the conceptual trends in living environment architecture. Exploring the territory development of Baikalsk, the existing residential cluster and the impact of human activity on the ecosystem reveals some negative consequences, which must be avoided at the stage of post-industrial development of the city. In doing so, the specialists should refer to the experience of construction and operation of buildings in order to improve architecture quality under severe seismic conditions. This experience will identify the main directions of planning and shaping of buildings, the ways to establish balance between biosphere and technosphere in the context of optimal building development, and to determine architectural techniques that are perfectly blended with the unique natural landscape. The optimal formation of the architectural and planning structure of the living environment requires a progressive view on the quality of residential building architecture and on ensuring the seismic stability of residential buildings. Such an approach assumes not only architectural, planning and structural means, but also compliance with the terms that do not provoke disturbance of geosystem and worsening of seismic conditions.
Spatial integration of site development of Irkutsk historical centre
Authors: Selivanov R. A. , Bolshakov A. G.
Published: December 2023

The aim was to investigate the integrity of the urban fabric of Irkutsk historical centre regarding interaction between urban morphotypes and their functional use in conjunction with orientation around the city. The study considered theoretical background to the analysis of integration of the historic city development, including the local approaches to working with places of interest. Two fundamentally different approaches were identified. The first approach addresses the issues of organizing the spatial structure and generating the geometry. The second approach examines the socio-functional issues of the environment, its cognitive psychological aspects. Local approaches to working with places of interest focus on dividing the city into environment protection zones and subzones, each of which corresponds to its own type of reconstruction, regeneration and transformation. Here, the conventional approaches to city protection zoning and zone regulation are supplemented by a new approach to the topological regulation of site development. The evolution stages in the development of the place of interest in the centre of Irkutsk were revealed. The research involved a chronological analysis of publications of Irkutsk authors on the development of “place” as a historical area of the city, starting from the period of its initial development (the second half of the 17th century) to the beginning of the 21st century. The content of the stages is a new feature in the context of site development. The research revealed evolution of site development of Irkutsk from the middle of the 17th century to the 2000s, as well as approaches to arranging the territories adjacent to buildings among themselves.
Using exhaust air heat for residential buildings with warm attics
Authors: Zyryanov E. A. , Tarasova E. V. , Chernenkov V. P. , Trukhin E. K.
Published: December 2023

In Russia, residential buildings with warm attics and natural exhaust ventilation are common. Thus, the use of the exhaust air heat has a great potential in terms of energy efficiency. The aim of the study is to analyze existing experiences and exhaust air heat recovery for residential buildings, to develop an optimal circuitry taking into account the characteristics of multi-story buildings with warm attics, as well as to calculate the potential of exhaust air heat on the example of a real facility. The authors analyzed the existing exhaust air heat recovery circuitry for residential buildings, introduced the results of theoretical and practical calculations about heating load for hot water supply by means of exhaust air heat recovery in apartment buildings. The theoretical value for hot water heating load by means of exhaust air heat recovery comprises 45.6%. The measurements of the exhaust air in a residential building proved its sufficiency to provide up to 75% of the average hourly heat load for hot water supply. The suggested heat recovery circuitry for buildings with warm attics can contribute to comprehensive measures for reducing energy consumption and improving ventilation.
Draft program complex for generating Turing machines solving NP-hard problems
Authors: Martyanov V. I.
Published: December 2023

This paper provides an overview of the progress made in the software implementation of the concept for generating Turing machines that solve NP-hard problems. Plans are discussed for developing a software package for generating Turing machines, with the potential to serve as an open-source educational platform for learning algorithm theory and information technologies. The proposed program complex also encompasses the opportunity for interested individuals to conduct experiments aimed at determining the NP-hardness of specific problem series generated by Turing machines; participating in the generation of Turing machines and solving NP-hard problems on personal computers; transferring the calculation results to a platform, similar to the generator of cryptocurrencies, which focuses on searching for timeless mathematical objects, instead of creating artificially generated blocks of numbers for a short period. It is noted that the idea of using constraint satisfaction methods to generate Turing machines for solving tape NP-hard problems extends the boundaries of constraint programming. Furthermore, it holds the potential for contributing to the resolution of the long-standing question regarding the equality of polynomial and NP-hardness (P =? NP) – one of the seven unsolved problems of the third millennium in mathematics to this day.
Evaluating groundwater balance and its spatial Distribution as part of NASA GRACE mission for Blue Nile River (Ethiopia, East Africa)
Authors: Chupin V. R. , Yoshe A. K.
Published: December 2023

The paper introduces a methodology for estimating groundwater balance on the example of the Blue Nile basin by means of NASA GRACE space technologies. The international Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) was launched in 2002 to measure time-space variations in the Earth's gravity field. It is a system for remote determination of changes in gravitational force associated with variations of mass within the Earth. The study involves a gravity recovery and climate experiment together with The Global Land Data Assimilation System to calculate groundwater storage as applied to the Blue Nile River basin, based on processing satellite data and spatial localization of the Blue Nile River using an optimal window function with specific scan line. Groundwater storage and its dynamics were investigated from 2003 to 2010. Considering surface water storage, surface runoff and soil moisture, the authors estimated groundwater budget in the Blue Nile River basin. According to the obtained results, the average groundwater storage in the area under study comprised 1100.0 mm/year. Due to a lack of land hydrological studies, verification of the data obtained was not carried out, but was recommended as a matter for future research in this area.
Integration of lean management and BIM technologies for effective project management and production processes at a construction stage
Authors: Kozlov R. N. , Peshkov A. V.
Published: December 2023

As modern businesses face increasingly complex and voluminous projects, the need for efficient management and planning of production processes becomes paramount. To meet these challenges, it is necessary to develop new theoretical approaches. In this regard, advanced technologies such as BIM (Building Information Modeling), Lean Construction, and Agile are becoming increasingly powerful for project management and process planning. By combining these technologies and methodologies, companies can use the available potential to increase efficiency and achieve better outcomes. The integration of digital technology and automation facilitates the optimization of production processes and reduces project time. For example, the integration of lean construction and BIM technologies is a pivotal factor in achieving efficient project management and planning for production processes in the construction industry. By combining lean principles with modern BIM technology, it is possible for companies to increase performance and optimize the use of their limited resources, including time, labor, materials, and capital. This integration leads to improved project planning, enhanced transparency and accuracy of information, cost and risk reduction, as well as better communication and collaboration among project participants. All these factors contribute to the efficiency and success of modern projects.
Influence of wood saturation with fireand bioprotective agents on its combustibility
Authors: Parshin V. M. , Shalagin D. S. , Baranova A. A.
Published: December 2023

The aim was to establish the effect of pine wood saturation with fireand bioprotective agents on its combustibility and to evaluate the fireproof efficiency of three types of fire retardants: Senezh OgneBio, Ecosept OgneBio, and Propitex Ognebiozaschita. The compositions were applied onto the samples by surface treatment and deep impregnation. Combustibility tests were carried out by the flame tube method according to a standard technique. The quality of the fire and bioprotective agents was evaluated by the impregnation content in the samples and by the weight loss of the treated samples during combustion tests. In surface-treated samples, the average content of Senezh OgneBio was 2.41 wt% and the average mass loss during combustion reached 21.97%. The average content of Ecosept OgneBio and Propitex Ognebiozaschita fire retardants in the samples was 1.97 and 2.56 wt%, with the average mass loss during combustion reaching 28.52% and 28.38%, respectively. After deep impregnation, the average content of the impregnating compositions in the samples increased by more than 2.5 times, and wood damage during the test was on average 14.87% for Senezh OgneBio, 8.27% for Ecosept OgneBio, and 11.83% for Propitex Ognebiozaschita. Senezh OgneBio was experimentally determined to be the best fireand bioprotective agent for wood surface treatment, although all three compositions were found to be suitable for deep impregnation.
Forecasting and assessment of efficiency and reliability of construction systems during emergency response
Authors: Peshkov V. V.
Published: December 2023

The aim of the work involves the improvement of management processes during the life cycle of major construction objects, focused on enhancing the efficiency and reliability of construction systems in emergency situations with limited availability of resources. The relevance of the study is stipulated by the increasing trend in natural and man-made disasters on the territory of the Russian Federation, including floods. Registered emergencies associated with floods indicate that it is necessary to optimize the construction management processes through adequate and timely resource allocation in order to prevent and mitigate the consequences of such emergencies, which can be achieved by using the target-focused principles for construction management. The paper systematizes the challenges in construction management and identifies trends, specific features, and regularities of the organization of construction processes in emergency response. Based on this analysis, the recommendations are offered for improving construction processes using the target-focused principles in emergency response and ensuring the fail-safety of buildings exposed to flood waters.
Development of automated control systems at the construction stage (using the example of linear objects)
Authors: Sevastyanov P. D. , Kazakov A. V. , Matveeva M. V. , Peshkov A. V.
Published: December 2023

The research is aimed at improving production processes using information modeling technologies, along with the examination of the Trimble 3D Grade Control system for the construction of linear facilities; determining the economic efficiency of this system, the speed and quality of work; creating an automated control system for road construction on the basis of 3D leveling and 3D design technologies, and developing a simulation model. An automated control system is investigated. The economic effect of 3D leveling during the reconstruction of the section of the Vilyui federal highway, which involved the preparation of the base for asphalt paving, is calculated. It is established that economic efficiency is increased due to an increase in the speed and quality of the work. The operation of the automated control system during the construction of linear facilities is demonstrated. The technologies of information modeling are studied. The process system during the construction of linear facilities is characterized. The article reveals several effects and advantages of incorporating 3D leveling technology into road construction management, including a threefold increase in the speed and quality of finishing planning works, the prevention of unnecessary reconstruction (only in the case of project modifications), the elimination of demarcation survey operations, real-time computation of earthwork quantities, and enhanced efficiency for the chief engineer. The implementation of information modeling technologies helps to improve the management model of production processes. Both theoretical and experimental research, as well as the development of new technical solutions and designs for machines and working bodies, comprise topical directions in the improvement of machines for the construction of linear facilities.
Risk analysis and management according to Russian and international safety standards
Authors: Smirnova E. E.
Published: December 2023

The paper analyzes the safety aspects outlined in national standards. The considered normative documentation answers the question of how to achieve acceptable risk levels. The basic concepts of risk assessment are presented. Positive changes in Russian safety standards are noted. There is no unified code in the legislation of the Russian Federation on environmental issues: there are federal laws, codes on certain environmental areas, as well as bylaws and legal acts of the subjects of the Russian Federation. Federal Law No. 7 “On Environmental Protection” should be mentioned among the main laws related to the regulation of environmental safety in construction. However, this law regulates the employer's leadership rather than their responsibility. The use of certain fines and penalties seems quite reasonable within the framework of improving environmental audit and management. At the same time, the international standard ISO 14001:2015 is aimed at forming a responsible attitude toward the ecosystem and natural resources as the most important asset of economic activity, rather than at specifying the need for managers to demonstrate leadership qualities as the main factor of environmental safety. As a result, risk analysts cannot be fully guided by the standards because they are not aligned with the universal international standard ISO 31000:2018, which creates a significant problem. An approach to risk assessment that describes the interaction of different scenarios should be developed, which will provide an increased ecological and economic effect.
Current state and prospects of water supply and sanitation systems, methods for their calculation, design, and operation
Authors: Chupin V. R.
Published: December 2023

The paper considers modern problems of developing a technology for managing water supply and sanitation systems. The main results achieved in this sphere are presented, and objectives for further research are outlined. Due to the ongoing processes of digitalization and intellectualization of social and technological systems, a new concept of design and operation management, development and conservation of water supply and sanitation systems of settlements, cities, and buildings is proposed. This concept is based on the creation of digital twins of all system and subsystem elements and their management in real and virtual space using cloud technologies and specific software systems. Forthese purposes, water supply and sanitation systems are considered from the perspective of general principles of organization, hydraulic calculation, formation of operation modes, the probabilistic nature of water withdrawals and wastewater inflows, uncertainty in the behavior and prospective loads of facilities, along with other characteristics typical of large and complex systems. The paper presents the main tasks for calculating and designing water supply and sanitation systems and briefly describes possible solutions, implemented in the relevant software packages, tested in practice in the actual process of designing, operating, and maintenance of piping systems of a housing and utilities infrastructure. All optimization models are based on the lifecycle cost criteria for water and sanitation systems.
Influence of the structure of an interzonal-type territorial settlement system on the development of the Angara-Yenisei macroregion
Authors: Glebushkina L. G. , Peretolchina L. V.
Published: December 2023

The study focuses on the Angara-Yenisei macroregion, which includes four constituent territories of the Russian Federation, i.e., Krasnoyarsk Krai, Irkutsk Oblast, the Republic of Khakassia, and the Republic of Tyva. These territories are located in the zone of the Arctic latitude; areas of the Far North; areas equated to the areas of the Far North; the Southern zone, which includes the main band of population settlement. The macroregion under study is characterized by an interzonal structure of human settlement. The aim was to justify the selection of the entire macroregion and its settlement systems as an object of study. An analysis of the Angara-Yenisei macroregion based on the principle of integrity identified the need to study both its morphological and functional structural characteristics. Hierarchical clustering revealed the presence of three types of systemic zonal formations. The first type is agglomerations, which are the most dynamic elements in the structure of the territorial settlement system. The second type is represented by urban formations with cities at their core, acting as system centers and forming a supporting framework of macroregion settlement. The third type is heterogeneous, including both single-industry towns and industrial centers that are rapidly losing their population. The obtained range of quantitative assessment parameters can be used when elaborating macroregional social and economic development strategies, as well as for spatial modeling based on framework, cluster, and functional models.