bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urbanisation and its effect on risk factors associated with childhood diarrhoea in Mbour, Senegal: A visualisation
Authors: Thiam Sokhna , Fuhrimann Samuel , Niang-Diène Aminata , Sy Ibrahima , Faye Ousmane , Utzinger Jürg , Cissé Guéladio
Published: April 2020

Rapid urbanisation, particularly in secondary cities in Africa, brings along specific challenges for global health, including the prevention and control of infectious diseases such as diarrhoea. Our purpose was to visualise urbanisation trends and its effect on risk factors associated with childhood diarrhoea, e.g. water supply, sanitation, wastewater and solid waste management in Mbour, a secondary city in south-western Senegal. Our visualisation is facilitated by epidemiological and geographical surveys carried out in 2016. A deeper spatial and visual understanding of the urbanisation trends and the disparities of diarrhoea-associated risk factors might lead to the implementation of suitable health interventions and preventive measures. Our visualisation is aimed to serve as a basis for discussion and as a decision support tool for policymakers, municipal officials and local communities to prioritise interventions related to water, sanitation and waste management with a view to reduce the environmental and health risks in the rapidly growing city of Mbour, which is set as an example for other similar secondary cities across low- and middle-income countries in Africa.
Siliceous microfossils and agglutinated foraminifera from the Upper Cretaceous Smoking Hills and Mason River formations in the Smoking Hills area, Northwest Territories
Authors: Diaz J F , Galloway J M , Bringué M , Pedersen P K , Grasby S
E
Published: April 2020

Five microfossil groups are herein described from the Upper Cretaceous Smoking Hills and Mason River formations in the Horton River area (Northwest Territories). Microfossil assemblages from the Smoking Hills Formation are dominated by radiolarians and
foraminifera whereas the Mason River Formation mainly contains diatoms, silicoflagellates, and sponge spicules. These microfossil groups have been reported before in these units and age-equivalent strata from the Canadian Arctic except for radiolarians. The radiolarian assemblage described in this
study represents one of the most diverse and abundant assemblages reported in Campanian-Maastrichtian rocks in North America and can be used to reconstruct the climatic, paleoceanographic, and paleobiogeographic conditions that took place at the end of the Cretaceous Period. This Open File documents
the stratigraphic occurrence of the microfossil types.
The effects of xylazine and fentanyl on various hormones and metabolites in Karakul sheep and a Blesbok
Authors: Marais Anna L. , Van Der Walt J. G. , Skinner J. D.
Published: April 2020

Xylazine and fentanyl are commonly used in combinations for immobilisation of wild antelope. In order to ascertain the effects of the combination of these drugs on certain metabolites and hormones in ruminants, blood was sampled from 8 karakul sheep (4 experimental and 4 control) and one tame blesbok (Damaliscus dorcas phillipsii) for 30 min before and after immobilisation. The samples were assayed for glucose, free fatty acids, insulin, thyroxine, triidothyronine, progesterone and oestrogen. Significant changes, after the administration of xylazine and fentanyl, were recorded in circulating concentrations of glucose, which increased, and free fatty acids and insulin, which decreased. The other hormones tested were not affected within the sampling period. It is suggested that the combination of xylazine and fentanyl may act directly on pancreatic Beta cells to inhibit the secretion of insulin, which will consequently affect circulating concentrations of glucose and free fatty acids.
Observations on a field outbreak of Pox Virus Infection in young Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus Niloticus)
Authors: Huchzermeyer F. W. , Huchzermeyer K. D.A. , Putterill J. F.
Published: April 2020

A field outbreak of pox virus infection in juvenile Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus), in which high morbidity and negligible mortality occurred, is described. Histopathological examination of the skin lesions revealed numerous large intracytoplasmic inclusions in the dermis and a very mild dermal inflammatory reaction. Scanning electron microscopical examination of the skin revealed the presence of large numbers of virus particles in the inclusions. Skin lesions persisted for 5 to 6 months.
Primary Rectal Lymphoma with Synchronous Liver Involvement: An Extremely Rare Case Report
Authors: Rastogi Kartick , Jain Sandeep , Sharma Shantanu , Jindal Arpita
Published: April 2020

Both primary rectal lymphoma (PRL) and primary hepatic lymphoma are rare entities, concomitant NHL in rectum and liver is an extremely rare coincidence. Cases of primary colonic lymphoma however can be found in literature. We report an extremely rare case of PRL with synchronous liver involvement after obtaining written informed consent, with a review of available literature. The case was provisionally diagnosed to be an adenocarcinoma of rectum with liver metastasis, with final confirmation on immunohistochemistry. PRL with synchronous liver involvement is an extremely rare coincidence. It is usually confused with more common adenocarcinoma of rectum with liver metastasis posing diagnostic challenges. The optimal management of PRL has never been validated through randomized trials. The treatment options include chemotherapy, radiation, surgical treatment, or a combination of these. Chemotherapeutic agents of choice are the cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone regimen, with or without monoclonal antibody rituximab.
Daratumumab
Authors: Gopal Vishnu , Dubashi Biswajit
Published: April 2020

Multiple myeloma is a proliferative disorder of plasma cells in the bone marrow with excessive monoclonal protein production. Despite the evolution of multiple drugs and management strategies including maintenance and autologous stem cell transplantation, the long-term results still remain undesirable. Those patients with double refractoriness to immunomodulatory drugs and proteosome inhibitors have dismal prognosis and rarely get back into durable remission. The identification of CD38 as a therapeutic target for multiple myeloma resulted in the clinical development of anti-CD38 antibodies. Daratumumab is an IgG1 human monoclonal antibody that binds to the CD38 protein. The implementation of daratumumab in clinical practice is widely considered as a significant milestone in the management of multiple myeloma. The salient pharmacological aspects and clinical evolution of the drug are briefly discussed in this review.
Recurrent Giant Intrahepatic Biliary Cystadenoma: Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Sharma Digvijoy , Gondu Gangadhar Rao , Thamma Venu Madhav , Gunturi Surya Ramachandra Varma , Kishore Kunduru Nava , Reddy Jagan Mohan , Bheerappa Nagari
Published: April 2020

Biliary cystadenoma is a very rare cystic neoplasm of the liver that usually occurs almost exclusively in middle-aged women. These are slowly progressive tumours and cannot be safely differentiated from cystadenocarcinomas on preoperative imaging and hence should always be considered for resection. Historically these cystic tumors have been treated by a variety of techniques including aspiration, fenestration, internal drainage, partial resection resulting in high rates of recurrence. In addition biliary cystadenoma is a premalignant lesion and only surgical excision can differentiate it from its malignant counterpart, biliary cystadenocarcinoma.
Intracranial Metastases of Intramedullary Spinal Cord Low-Grade Astrocytoma
Authors: Sanei-Sistani Sharareh , Miri-Aliabad Ghasem , Dahmardeh Hamid , Montazeran Mahdieh , Jahantigh Mehdi , Zare Mohsen
Published: April 2020

This paper reports a case of intramedullary spinal cord low-grade (LG) astrocytoma that developed brain metastases after 21 months. A 6-year-old child presented with lower spine pain and falls during daily activity. A spinal cord mass was detected using spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and brain MRI was normal. The spinal lesion was partially resected, and pathological findings revealed LG astrocytoma (WHO Grade II). The patient underwent thoracolumbar radiotherapy. He returned 21 months following initial admission with symptoms of nausea, vomiting, headaches, and seizure. Brain MRI revealed multiple intracranial masses at the posterior fossa, left lateral ventricle, cerebellopontine angles, and left Meckel cave. A recurrent lesion was detected in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and in the cauda equina. The patient underwent chemotherapy. This rare case warns practitioners to monitor closely the cases of spinal cord astrocytoma that are diagnosed as LG tumors based on histology.
Multiple Small Bowel Perforations in a Patient of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia on Imatinib
Authors: Tadaiya Mahavir Virendra Kumar , Tankshali Rajen A
Published: April 2020

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal hematopoietic disorder caused by an acquired genetic defect in a pluripotent stem cell. A series of discoveries led to the recognition that the BCR-ABL protein, which results from a reciprocal translocation involving chromosomes 9 and 22, has a central role in the pathogenesis of chronic myelogenous leukemia. The BCR-ABL protein functions as a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase (TK) and this knowledge led to the development of imatinib (STI-571), a drug that specifically inhibits the BCR-ABL TK. Common side effects of imatinib are low blood counts, nausea and vomiting, edema (swelling of the face, feet, and hands), muscle cramps and bone pain, diarrhea, hemorrhage, skin rash, and fever. Headache, fatigue, joint pain, indigestion, and abdominal pain are occasionally seen, and liver toxicity is a rare complication. We here report a case of multiple small bowel perforations in a patient of Ph+ve chronic myeloid leukemia-chronic phase on imatinib. Bowel perforation is a known complication for targeted therapy agents like bevacizumab, sunitinib, and sorafenib, which act on vascular endothelial growth factor receptor but imatinib having no anti VEGF receptor activity leading to such complication is a mystery. Physician treating their patient with imatinib should be aware of this complication and should act accordingly.
Задача Коши для абстрактного обыкновенного дифференциального уравнения второго порядка
Authors: Gavrilov Vladimir Sergeevich
Published: April 2020

Доказано существование и единственность решения задачи Коши для линейного абстрактного дифференциального уравнения второго порядка и получено представление решения. Также доказана непрерывная зависимость решения указанной задачи от момента времени, в котором заданы начальные условия. На основе данных результатов доказано существование и единственность решения задачи Коши для нелинейного абстрактного дифференциального уравнения второго порядка. Последний результат применяется для доказательства существования и единственности решения начально-краевой задачи для нелинейного гиперболического уравнения дивергентного вида.
Библиография: 49 названий.
Risco idiossincrático e estrutura de propriedade: a possibilidade de diversificação explicada pela concentração de propriedade
Authors: Ganz Alyne Cecilia Serpa , Haveroth Juçara , Rodrigues Junior Moacir Manoel
Published: April 2020

A pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a relação do risco idiossincrático e a concentração de propriedade. Foram utilizados os modelos de 3-Fatores de Fama e French (1993), dados em painel e regressão quantílica. A amostra de pesquisa englobou as empresas do IBrX-100, entre 2011 a 2015. Os resultados não comprovam a relação entre a concentração de propriedade e o risco idiossincrático pelo modelo de dados em painel, no entanto na regressão quantílica foi encontrada relação inversa entre o free float e o risco, indicando que empresas com maior percentual de ações em free float possuem menor risco idiossincrático. Além destes achados o tamanho e o pagamento de dividendos também apresentaram relação significativa com o risco. O estudo contribui para a área de pesquisa ao examinar a relação entre estrutura de propriedade e risco idiossincrático, visto que o conhecimento deste risco específico auxilia nas decisões de investimento relacionadas aos riscos.
Receita de contrato com cliente (IFRS 15 / CPC 47): aspectos contábeis do segmento de medicina diagnóstica no Brasil
Authors: Aquino Carlos Elder Maciel de , Iudícibus Sérgio De , Santos Fernando De Almeida , Saporito Antonio
Published: April 2020

Com a publicação da IFRS 15 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers as companhias passaram a reconhecer a receita de contrato com cliente numa base comum de princípios e orientações voltadas a determinar quando reconhecer receita e o valor que deve ser reconhecido. Este estudo verifica a aderência de empresas do segmento de medicina diagnóstica no Brasil à IFRS 15 / CPC 47.  Não foram encontradas pesquisas que abordam o setor de saúde no Brasil. Esta pesquisa é caracterizada como exploratória, qualitativa e descritiva. Evidenciou-se que as empresas atendem aos requerimentos regulatórios para reconhecimento, mensuração e registro contábil, porém, não estão aderentes aos aspectos de uniformização, completude e transparência das informações divulgadas. Portanto, esta pesquisa contribui para a qualidade e padronização de registros, apresentação e divulgação contábil do ciclo de receita, permitindo avaliação de performance na gestão de recebíveis e melhor comparação entre empresas.
A percepção de docentes acerca da contribuição da filosofia para a formação do contador no Brasil sob a vigência das Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)
Authors: Oliveira Thiago Cunha de , Cruz Cláudia Ferreira da , Bufoni André Luiz
Published: April 2020

A adoção às normas internacionais de contabilidade requer a capacidade de julgamento por parte dos discentes de Ciências Contábeis a fim de realizarem tomadas de decisão que envolvam subjetivismo profissional, advindo de uma contabilidade baseada em princípios. Assim, este estudo exploratório tem por objetivo investigar a relevância da Filosofia para a formação do contador no Brasil sob a vigência das IFRS. Foram realizadas dez entrevistas semiestruturadas com docentes que ministram disciplinas que abordam as normas contábeis nos cursos de Ciências Contábeis em universidades públicas no estado do Rio de Janeiro, sendo os dados analisados segundo a metodologia de análise de conteúdo e com auxílio do software Nvivo11. Verificou-se que a Filosofia é relevante e agrega positivamente a formação do futuro profissional contábil, visto que auxilia os discentes no que tange lidar com o subjetivismo advindo da adoção às normas internacionais de contabilidade, além de estimular a criticidade dos mesmos.
A relação entre o comportamento do indicador de liquidez corrente das empresas de capital aberto do agronegócio pela variação de índices econômicos no Brasil
Authors: Santana Oto Tertuliano de Oliveira , Lima Nilton Cesar , Tavares Marcelo
Published: April 2020

Inserido num contexto de aumento da importância do agronegócio na economia do país, concomitante a um período de variações econômicas negativas, o objetivo deste artigo foi analisar as relações entre a flutuação de variáveis relacionadas ao contexto econômico do Brasil, com o comportamento do Indicador de Liquidez Corrente (ILC) de 33 empresas do agronegócio, listadas na Bolsa de Valores B3 S.A. entre 2010 e 2016. Como uma pesquisa quantitativa, utilizou-se para o estudo das relações emergentes dos dados, a técnica estática da Análise de Dados em Painel. E os resultados demonstraram que as relações mais significativas para o ILC, partiram das empresas de atividades de suporte ao setor. No contexto macroeconômico, identificou-se uma relação direta entre o PIB e o ILC, e em nível microeconômico a unanimidade das relações entre o ILC e as variáveis independentes, indicaram que a atividade econômica do setor se relacionou significativamente com a sobra financeira de curto prazo das empresas de capital aberto do agronegócio. Concluiu-se que ao medir a relação do ILC pelo comportamento dos índices macroeconômicas do País, que a variável apresentou relação estatisticamente significante apenas com o PIB pelo fato do incremento operacional que a elevação da riqueza do país gerou nos ativos de curto prazo da empresa. Já na métrica estatística da relação microeconômica, a conclusão foi de que o ILC foi impulsionado pelo saldo positivo da balança comercial do agronegócio no período, e pelo bom desempenho da agricultura. Já que a pecuária, observada dentro da variável do PIB do Agronegócio se relacionou negativamente com o ILC das empresas analisadas, e por isso não cooperou com a situação de curto prazo das empresas analisadas expressas a partir do Indicador de Liquidez Corrente (ILC).
Assessing Country Risk
Authors: Ahuja Ashvin , Wiseman Kevin , Syed Murtaza
Published: April 2020

Assessing country risk is a core component of surveillance at the IMF. It is conducted through a comprehensive architecture, covering both bilateral and multilateral dimensions. This note describes some of the approaches used internally by Fund staff to examine a wide array of systemic risks across advanced, emerging, and low-income economies. It provides a high-level view of the theory and methodologies employed, with an on-line companion guide providing more technical details of implementation. The guide will be updated as Fund staff’s methodologies for assessing country risk continue to evolve with experience and feedback. While the results of these approaches are not published by the IMF for market sensitivity reasons, they inform risk assessments featured in bilateral surveillance as well as in the IMF’s flagship publications on global surveillance.
Regional Economic Outlook, October 2017, Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors:   International Monetary Fund. African Dept.
Published: April 2020

Growth in sub-Saharan Africa has recovered relative to 2016, but the momentum is weak and per capita incomes are expected to barely increase. Further, vulnerabilities have risen in many countries, adding to the urgency of implementing the fiscal consolidations planned in most countries and with stepped up efforts to strengthen growth.
Exploring Residual Profit Allocation
Authors: Beer Sebastian , Mooij Ruud A. , Hebous Shafik , Keen Michael , Liu Li
Published: April 2020

Schemes of residual profit allocation (RPA) tax multinationals by allocating their ‘routine’ profits
to countries in which their activities take place and sharing their remaining ‘residual’ profit across
countries on some formulaic basis. They have recently and rapidly come to prominence in policy
discussions, yet almost nothing is known about their impact on revenue, investment and
efficiency. This paper explores these issues, conceptually and empirically. It finds residual profits
to be substantial, but concentrated in a relatively few MNEs, headquartered in few countries. The
impact on tax revenue of reallocating excess profits under RPA, while adverse for investment
hubs, appears beneficial for lower income countries even when the formula allocates by
destination-based sales. The impact on investment incentives is ambiguous and specific both to
countries and MNE groups; only if the rate of tax on routine profits is low does aggregate
efficiency seem likely to increase.
The More the Merrier? A Machine Learning Algorithm for Optimal Pooling of Panel Data
Authors: Bolhuis Marijn , Rayner Brett
Published: April 2020

We leverage insights from machine learning to optimize the tradeoff between bias and
variance when estimating economic models using pooled datasets. Specifically, we develop a
simple algorithm that estimates the similarity of economic structures across countries and
selects the optimal pool of countries to maximize out-of-sample prediction accuracy of a
model. We apply the new alogrithm by nowcasting output growth with a panel of 102
countries and are able to significantly improve forecast accuracy relative to alternative pools.
The algortihm improves nowcast performance for advanced economies, as well as emerging
market and developing economies, suggesting that machine learning techniques using pooled
data could be an important macro tool for many countries.
Expenditure Control
Authors: Pattanayak Sailendra
Published: April 2020

This paper defines and explains key stages of the government expenditure chain and describes the controls applied at each stage, including their objectives and key features as well as centralized vs. decentralized approaches in application of those controls. The paper also examines the influence of different administrative traditions on types of expenditure controls, including the authority and responsibility of various institutional actors. Finally, it discusses typical weaknesses/problems associated with different traditions of expenditure control and suggests specific measures for strengthening the control framework. While providing examples of expenditure control practices from more than 32 countries, the paper points out that more than two-thirds of the 85 low and middle income countries covered by the publicly available Public Expenditure and Financial Accountability (PEFA) assessments have weak systems of expenditure control that are also associated with higher levels of expenditure arrears and a lack of budget credibility. This paper will help public financial management practitioners to evaluate budget execution systems and identify priorities for strengthening expenditure controls. It will also usefully guide technical assistance work related to modernization of government budget execution and expenditure control systems, including the design and implementation of IT-based financial management information systems.
North African mineral dust sources: new insights from a combined analysis based on 3D dust aerosols distributions, surface winds and ancillary soil parameters
Authors: Vandenbussche Sophie , Callewaert Sieglinde , Schepanski Kerstin , De Mazière Martine
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Mineral dust aerosol is a key player in the climate system. Determining dust sources and the spatio-temporal variability of dust emission fluxes is essential to estimating the impact of dust on the atmospheric radiation budget, cloud and precipitation formation processes, the bio-productivity and ultimately the carbon cycle. Although much effort has been put into determining dust sources from satellite observations, geo-locating active dust sources is still challenging and uncertainties in space and time are evident. One major source of uncertainty is the lack of clear differentiation between near source dust aerosol and transported dust aerosol. In order to reduce this uncertainty, we use 3 dimensional information on the distribution of dust aerosol suspended in the atmosphere calculated from spectral measurements obtained by the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) by using the Mineral Aerosols Profiling from Infrared Radiance (MAPIR) algorithm. In addition to standard dust products from satellite observations, which provide 2 dimensional information on the horizontal distribution of dust, MAPIR allows for retrieving additional information on the vertical distribution of dust plumes. This ultimately enables us to separate between near source and transported dust plumes. Combined with information on near-surface wind speed and surface properties, low-altitude dust plumes can be assigned to dust emission events and low-altitude transport regimes can be excluded. Consequently, this technique will reduce the uncertainty in automatically geo-locating active dust sources. The findings of our study illustrate the spatio-temporal distribution of North African dust sources based on 9 years of data, allowing to observe a full seasonal cycle of dust emissions, differentiating morning and afternoon/evening emissions and providing a first glance at long-term changes. In addition, we compare the results of this new method to the results from Schepanski et al. (2012) which manually identify dust sources from Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager Red Green Blue (SEVIRI RGB) images. The comparison illustrates that each method has its strengths and weaknesses that must be taken into account when using the results. This study is of particular importance for understanding future environmental changes due to a changing climate.
Kinetics of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) reactions with isoprene-derived Criegee intermediates studied with direct UV absorption
Authors: Kuo Mei-Tsan , Weber Isabelle , Fittschen Christa , Lin Jim Jr-Min
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Criegee intermediates (CIs) are formed in the ozonolysis of unsaturated hydrocarbons and play a role in atmospheric chemistry as a non-photolytic OH source or a strong oxidant. Using a relative rate method in an ozonolysis experiment, Newland et al. [Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 9521–9536, 2015] reported high reactivity of isoprene-derived Criegee intermediates towards dimethyl sulfide (DMS) relative to that towards SO2 with the ratio of the rate coefficients kDMS+CI / kSO2+CI = 3.5 ± 1.8. Here we reinvestigated the kinetics of DMS reactions with two major Criegee intermediates formed in isoprene ozonolysis, CH2OO and methyl vinyl ketone oxide (MVKO). The individual CI was prepared following reported photolytic method with suitable (diiodo) precursors in the presence of O2. The concentration of CH2OO or MVKO was monitored directly in real time through their intense UV-visible absorption. Our results indicate the reactions of DMS with CH2OO and MVKO are both very slow; the upper limits of the rate coefficients are 4 orders of magnitude smaller than that reported by Newland et al. These results suggest that the ozonolysis experiment could be complicated such that interpretation should be careful and these CIs would not oxidize atmospheric DMS at any substantial level.
Subglacial sediment transport upstream of a basal channel in the ice shelf of Support Force Glacier (West Antarctica), identified by reflection seismics
Authors: Hofstede Coen , Beyer Sebastian , Corr Hugh , Eisen Olaf , Hattermann Tore , Helm Veit , Neckel Niklas , Smith Emma C. , Steinhage Daniel , Zeising Ole , Humbert Angelika
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Flow stripes on the surface of an ice shelf indicate the presence of large channels at the base. Modelling studies have shown that where these surface expressions intersect the groundling line, they coincide with the likely outflow of subglacial water. An understanding of the initiation and the ice–ocean evolution of the basal channels is required to understand the present behaviour and future dynamics of ice sheets and ice shelves. Here, we present focused active seismic and radar surveys of a basal channel and its upstream continuation on Support Force Glacier which feeds into the Filchner Ice Shelf, West Antarctica. We map the structure of the basal channel at the ice base in the grounded and floating part and identify the subglacial material within the grounded part of the channel and also along the seafloor. Several kilometers upstream of the grounding line we identify a landform, consisting at least in part of sediments, that forms the channel at the ice base. Immediately seaward of the grounding line, the seismic profiles show a 200 m thick partly disturbed, stratified sediment sequence at the seafloor, which we interpret as grounding line deposits. We conclude that the landform hosts the subglacial transport of sediments entering Support Force Glacier at the eastern side of the basal channel. In contrast to the standard perception of a rapid change in ice shelf thickness just downstream of the grounding line, we find a very flat topography of the ice shelf base with an almost constant ice thickness gradient along flow, indicating only little basal melting, but an initial widening of the basal channel, which we ascribe to melting along its flanks. Our findings provide a detailed view of a more complex interaction of grounded landforms, ice stream shear margins and subglacial hydrology to form basal channels in ice shelves.
El ensayo de una ‘neue Aufklärung’ como preludio de la ‘filosofía experimental’ futura en Nietzsche
Authors: Barelli Maria Cecilia
Published: April 2020

Nos proponemos indagar la recepción de la Ilustración en Friedrich Nietzsche. Encontramos en sus escritos publicados y póstumos no solo una evaluación o balance crítico de los alcances de este movimiento en sus distintas expresiones, sino también el ensayo de continuar con algunas de sus tareas, a partir de una praxis filosófica de carácter experimental. Consideramos, por lo tanto, que la noción de Aufklärung, con los giros y los matices esbozados por el propio pensador alemán, merecen un renovado y detenido análisis, tanto por los aportes que pueden hacerse en el campo de la exegesis crítica e histórica del corpus nietzscheano, como por la posibilidad de reconstruir, en parte, el modo en que ingresa la corriente ilustrada en la filosofía europea de mediados y segunda mitad del siglo XIX.

Palabras clave: Nietzsche-Ilustración-Experimento-Filosofía
Caminos hacia la alteridad. La comprensión del otro en las elaboraciones de Heidegger en torno a ‘Sein und Zeit’
Authors: Butierrez Luis Fernando
Published: April 2020

El presente artículo aborda las consideraciones de la alteridad del otro en las elaboraciones tempranas  de Heidegger.  Entendidas como condición de posibilidad  para un abordaje propio de  las cuestiones éticas, aquí analizamos tensiones  y  limitaciones en la tematización del otro, con el objetivo de dar cuenta de la transición hacia una comprensión radical de la alteridad  en sus trabajos posteriores a 1930,  más allá de las limitaciones antropológicas y subjetivas de las elaboraciones de Husserl. Para dar cuenta de ello, en primer lugar,  analizamos  los tratamientos respectivos en la fenomenología de Husserl, poniendo énfasis en los límites de su enfoque.  En segundo lugar,  abordamos las elaboraciones  en torno a la alteridad del otro  en los trabajos de Heidegger,  para dilucidar el carácter transicional de la comprensión de base, a partir de sus desplazamientos y limitaciones propias.  Finalmente, circunscribimos su enfoque sobre  las estructuras relacionales,  destacando  algunas discusiones sobre implicancias éticas. De este modo, nos proponemos dar cuenta del carácter  fronterizo de una comprensión  filosófica del otro, en su empuje hacia su radicalización en el pensamiento contemporáneo.
Crítica del ‘párergon’
Authors: Tillería Aqueveque Leopoldo Edgardo
Published: April 2020

El artículo se presenta como una cierta hermenéutica de la estética de Kant a partir del lugar que ocuparía la figura del párergon (ornamento) en su teoría de lo bello, sobre todo considerando el compromiso teleológico que se sugiere como esencialidad de la estética del filósofo prusiano. Esta estética parergonal o decorativa, más allá de una presunta filosofía del arte de corte iluminista que pudiera ser vista en la tercera Crítica, pone en vista un inesperado compromiso barroco de la filosofía de lo bello en Kant, especialmente si se tiene en cuenta el fundamento estético-ontológico del párergon por antonomasia: la hojarasca. A la luz de este estudio, el genio de la Crítica estética y el intelecto arquetípico de la Crítica teleológica parecen quedar subordinados a una inesperada nada arquitectónica de la última Crítica.
La tensión intradesiderativa en Spinoza: tentativas sobre la noción de 'desiderium'
Authors: Cápona González Daniela
Published: April 2020

Spinoza es un filósofo que, en pleno siglo XVII, propone una reforma no sólo del pensamiento, sino también, por y en virtud de ésta, una respecto del deseo. Este término aparece en Ética tanto con la noción de cupiditas, esencia del hombre, sinónimo de términos como potencia, acción y virtud, pero también con desiderium, cuya traducción más literal es la de deseo, pero que bajo el cuño interpretativo de su obra, ha sido traducida al español con términos como frustración, anhelo, añoranza, nostalgia. Se pretende establecer aquí la distinción entre ambos y situar de modo tentativo las consecuencias ontológicas, éticas y políticas del afecto de desiderium como base para pensar la propiedad como posesión –en su vinculación con el amor- en el marco de la Ética.
La 'imitatio' en el 'De Officiis' de Cicerón: un modelo de ciudadano para el hombre invisible
Authors: Martínez Fernández Iker
Published: April 2020

La responsabilidad ética de las acciones de un hombre que pudiera tornarse invisible reabre en Cicerón el debate entre lo honestum y lo utile y con él la necesidad de presentar un modelo de ciudadano que vincule elementos políticos, éticos y jurídicos en orden a la conservación de una serie de valores necesarios para la convivencia. Dicho modelo se presenta en De officiis como una traducción de la filosofía de Panecio en la que el complejo término decorum adquiere una dimensión central. El artículo analiza dicho concepto y la posición que ocupa en el pensamiento político ciceroniano la imitación de los exempla virtutis como forma de garantizar la estabilidad política en un momento de grave crisis de los valores republicanos.
Distribución temporal de insectos asociados a maracuyá (Passiflora edulis Sims) en Matagalpa, Nicaragua 2016
Authors: Jiménez-Martínez Edgardo , Montano Núñez Roberto Gabriel , Bustamante Maradiaga Edwin Joé
Published: April 2020

La maracuyá (Passiflora edulis Sims) es una fruta tropical que pertenece a la familia de las Pasifloráceae en Nicaragua y se cultiva principalmente en Matagalpa, para el 2013, se reportan 310 fincas productoras de maracuyá. Con el propósito de contribuir al conocimiento científico nacional, se realizó este estudio entre julio a noviembre del 2016 en la comunidad Molino Sur Sébaco, Matagalpa, el propósito fue identificar, calcular la abundancia, riqueza, y fluctuación poblacional de las principales familias de insectos asociadas a la maracuyá. El estudio se desarrolló en dos fincas donde se colocaron 12 trampas por finca para insectos; además, en cada finca se realizó una colecta de 50 botones florales por fecha de muestreo para calcular el daño de la mosquita del botón floral. Las principales familias de insectos asociados al cultivo de maracuyá fueron las familias: Anthophoridae, Apidae, Coccidae, Curculionidae, Drosophilidae, Formicidae, Lonchaeidae, Noctuidae, Scarabaeidae y Vespidae. La diversidad insectil se estimó utilizando el índice de diversidad de Shannomweaver, la familia con mayor índice de diversidad fue la familia Drosophilidae. Se encontró que la mayor abundancia y riqueza de insectos asociados al cultivo de la maracuyá, fue encontrada en la finca Las Vegas. En cuanto a la riqueza de insectos se encontraron 32 familias y 41 géneros, siendo los más numerosos pertenecientes a las familias Apidae, Vespidae, Noctuidae, Pentatomidae y Scarabaeidae. En la distribución temporal, las familias más importantes fueron, la Lonchaeidae, Anthophoridae, Coccidae y Formicidae, entre los principales hábitos alimenticios de las especies insectiles asociadas al cultivo de maracuyá se encontraron, nectarívoro, polinivoro, depredador, defoliador y saprófago
Study on clinical effects of pedicle screw combined with immobilized implantation bone by wirerope and hallow compression screw immobilization in treating spondylolysis of lumbar vertebra of multiple segments of adults
Authors: Zhao Dongdong , Li Feng , Wu Yao , Zhang Xiaoyan
Published: April 2020

Objective: To observe clinical effects of pedicle screw fixation combined with cable wires and bone graft and cannulated compression screws on adult multi-segment lumbar spondylolysis.Methods: 70 cases of patients with multi-segment lumbar spondylolysis were selected in our hospital. According to different surgical schemes, these patients were divided into the observation group (35 cases) and the control group (35 cases). The observation group received pedicle screw fixation combined with cable wires and bone graft and the control group received cannulated compression screw fixation. Macnab criteria were adopted to implement a therapeutic evaluation of two groups of patients to make an observation and comparison of the excellent and good rate of surgery and a series of indicators including perioperative clinical effects, intraoperative blood loss, duration of surgery, hospital length of stay (HLOS), visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score.Results: The excellent and good rate of the observation group was 97.14%, and that of the control group was 82.86%, the difference between two groups was statistically significant (χ2 = 6.248, p = .012). The differences in intraoperative blood loss, duration of surgery and HLOS between two groups were statistically significant (t = -4.55, t = -4.55, t = -4.55; p < .05). Oswestry index, VAS score and JOA score of the observation group were (2.4 ± 0.9), (28.5 ± 6.4) and (27.1 ± 3.1) respectively, and these of the control group were (3.5 ± 1.2), (37.1 ± 7.8) and (21.3 ± 2.7) respectively, the differences between two groups were statistically significant (t = 4.338, t = 5.043, t = 8.347, p < .05).Conclusions: Pedicle screw combined with immobilized implantation bone by wirerope has an excellent clinical effect on the treatment of adult multi-segment lumbar spondylolysis, and it has a series of advantages such as fast postoperative recovery, small surgical trauma and so on. In addition, this technique can also restore the stability of spinal segments and relieve pains to a greater degree.
A Case Study of Curriculum Unpacking Practices of a Kindergarten Teacher
Authors: Cahapay Michael Bobias
Published: April 2020

Curriculum unpacking, defined as the process of interpreting the intended curriculum into classroom instruction, is important in the overall success of the school curriculum. As a critical process that serves as a bridge between the intended curriculum and classroom instruction, however, there is a paucity of research about it. Hence, this study aimed to describe the curriculum unpacking practices of a teacher. It entailed a qualitative research design specifically a case study to look closely into the single context of a purposively selected kindergarten teacher in a public school. The main data gathering techniques used were key informant interview and document review. The data obtained were subjected to thematic analysis. The result of the study revealed that the participant follows a generally linear process in unpacking the curriculum as noted in the compliance to the minimum standards of the intended curriculum, main consideration of the learner while translating the intended curriculum into instruction as mandated in the law, and alignment of the curriculum and instructional components. However, qualitative probes uncovered possible errors such as misinterpretation of the developmentally appropriate principle espoused by the intended curriculum and discrepancy between the curriculum standards and instructional activities. The implications in practice are discussed in the study.
Control Design for Attitude and Position Based on Real Time Color Tracking System with Image Processing Technique
Authors: Swe Hsu Myat Tin , Tun Hla Myo , Latt Maung Maung
Published: April 2020

The paper mainly emphasizes on the control design for attitude and position based on real time color tracking system with image processing technique. The research problem in this study is to observe the high accuracy of the tracking system in image processing areas. The solution for this problem is to control the attitude and position of the object based on real time color tracking system. The objective of this study is to implement the image processing algorithms for autonomous tracking system. The specific objective of this study was fulfilled the experimental studies for contribution of real time color tracking for motion detection system in reality based on this study. This system is used the high performance camera to improve the enactment of tracking of a target and estimation of a motion. An image processing system consists of a light source to illuminate the sense, a sensor system, an interface between the sensor system and the computer. Then, color component analysis is used for color tracking system. MATLAB is competently used for tracking the ball and controlling the attitude and position of the ball.
The Effect of Comprehensive Explicit Instruction Approach on Arab EFL Students’ Academic Writing Performance
Authors: Chaleila Wisam , Khalaila Basem
Published: April 2020

While recent literature has focused extensively on the widely embraced approach of explicit instruction, there is a considerable paucity of research concerning plausible practical frameworks that can demonstrate how such particular approach is implementable in EFL classes. To address the specific writing deficiencies of EFL students, the current study proposes an innovative, comprehensive, practical framework that derives from Fisher & Frey’s explicit instruction approach. As such, an experimental three-stage of pretest-posttest design research took stock of the impact of a modified approach on EFL students’ academic writing performance. The research targeted 44 tertiary Arab-Israeli students enrolled in a two-semester academic writing course. The results of the study revealed that the writing performance of the students improved considerably after being exposed to the modified comprehensive explicit instruction program.
MSE Competitive Business Strategies Typology: A Theory for Superior Performance
Authors: Ogot Madara M.
Published: April 2020

Micro and small enterprises (MSEs) are the engine that drives most of the economies in the developing world where they are often the largest employers. The MSE Typology presented in Ogot (2012), based on orthogonal constructs of collaboration and competency, combined to create a unique set of ideal types defining competitive business strategies MSEs can employ for superior performance. This paper establishes that the typology can be viewed as a theory for better performance tailored to MSEs. It goes further to present the research gaps that need to be addressed.
Homeless people in the legal system
Authors: Zozula Jolanta
Published: April 2020

The article is devoted to the legal situation of people in a crisis of homelessness from the perspective of the implementation of human and citizen rights. To this end, the law was reviewed in the scope of satisfying housing needs, the possibility of obtaining an ID card, employment, active voting rights and health care. These are, of course, only selected areas in which the particular situation of homeless people is reflected. Attempts have been made to indicate that the legislator, as a rule, takes into account the specific conditions of existence of homeless people by introducing regulations that allow them to use the full catalogue of human rights and freedoms while respecting the principle of non-discrimination due to the lack of housing or residence. Despite this, there are still areas where the welfare of homeless people is not properly protected. The reason for this situation are difficulties in the practical implementation of solutions contained in normative acts, imprecise legal provisions, as well as the very diverse situation of people experiencing homelessness.
Europatag
Authors: Marhold Hartmut
Published: April 2020

The European Union is lacking a “founding myth”? Not at all, here it is – and, in fact, it is no myth, but a real story: The destiny of European integration took shape on 9 May 1950, with the declaration of the French Foreign Minister Schuman, who launched the European Coal and Steel Community. The events of these days can be retraced hour per hour, the actors gain life and profile. The solution is revolutionary: It is the first “breach in national sovereignty”. This would become the path towards today’s EU. – The story once told, there is a lot to be learnt: What was the relation between the wish of the Western Allies to bind (West-)Germany into the Western Bloc and the Franco-German desire to ensure peace? What was the relation between the economy and (high) politics? What about the relation between structural constraints and personal political leadership – would other politicians than Jean Monnet, Robert Schuman and Konrad Adenauer have decided otherwise? This book tells the story of 9 May, our “Europe Day”, and reflects on its meaning.
Functionalism in the 2018 CDF Responsum
Authors: Catron Cory ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: April 2020

In 2018 the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith issued a responsum ad dubium, addressing the question of whether a hysterectomy is morally licit in cases wherein miscarriage is foreseen with medical certainty if the woman were to conceive. The CDF responded in the positive, explaining that “it does not regard sterilization.” The responsum provoked great controversy, with some commentators wondering at the prudence of issuing the teaching, and others questioning whether it represented a departure from the Catholic moral tradition. This paper looks at a further area of concern in the reasoning of the responsum, namely that it departs from an essentialist account of the human person and of the organs and systems within the human body, and it moves toward a functionalist account of the meaning of the body and bodily systems as arising from whether they are functional. This represents a distressing shift in language from the previous hermeneutic employed by the magisterium, which could open the door to further controversy.
Human Dignity as Concept and Lived Experience
Authors: Thomas Columba ,   The National Catholic Bioethics Center
Published: April 2020

In Evangelium vitae, Pope St. John Paul II addresses euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide by striking a balance—maintaining the inherent dignity of all persons while considering the lived experience of those struggling to see dignity amidst suffering. Subsequently, a debate about the word dignity has led to clarifications from the President’s Council on Bioethics (under President George W. Bush) regarding different uses of the word. This essay relies on the work of the council, especially an essay by Edmund Pellegrino, to provide a basis for reflecting on John Paul II’s approach to dignity in Evangelium vitae in terms of concept and lived experience. To further develop these insights, an alternative framework is proposed for thinking about dignity in the practical setting.
Derrida, Heidegger, and the Magnetism of the Trakl House
Authors: Krell David Farrell ,   DePaul University
Published: April 2020

Derrida’s seminar “The Phantom of the Other” (1984–1985), reads Heidegger’s “Language in the Poem” (1953), which has the poetry of Georg Trakl at its center. Among the principal themes of Derrida’s seminar and/or of Heidegger’s essay are Heidegger’s effort to “place” Trakl’s presumably single, unsung poem; the relation of pain (Schmerz) to poetry; the two “strokes” of Geschlecht, a word that in part means the sexes, the first stroke being neutral, the second being evil; the German language and the Heideggerian idiom; philosophical nationalities and nationalisms; Derridean double-reading.
Positive Duties, Kant’s Universalizability Tests, and Contradictions
Authors: Kahn Samuel ,   Southwestern Philosophical Society
Published: April 2020

In this paper I am going to raise a problem for recent attempts to derive positive duties from Kant’s universalizability tests. In particular, I argue that these recent attempts are subject to reductio and that the most obvious way of patching them renders them impracticable. I begin by explaining the motivation for these attempts. Then I describe how they work and begin my attack. I conclude by considering some patches.