bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Translation and psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the “Quality of Woman-Centered Midwifery Care Scale” in labor and childbirth
Authors: Azari Mahnaz , javadnoori mozhjgan , ghanbari Saeed , Javadifar Nahid
Published: August 2024

Background
The role of service recipients in defining service quality can be considered an important competitive criterion. Therefore, health care providers are trying to use quality assessment tools that emphasize client-centered. This study aimed to translate and psychometrically evaluate the “quality of woman-centered midwifery care” (QWC_MC) in labor and childbirth for use in Iran.
methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in two parts: translation and psychometric evaluation. The process of translating the QWC_MC questionnaire to Persian followed the model proposed by Wild et al. Face validity was investigated using a qualitative method with the participation of 20 mothers. The content validity was evaluated by 10 experts using the content validity ratio and content validity index. The construct validity was investigated with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis by completing the questionnaire with 350 mothers who were admitted to the postpartum ward of hospitals (Imam Khomeini, Taleghani and Sina) affiliated with the University of Medical Sciences Ahvaz; these mothers were selected by convenience sampling. Reliability and repeatability were assessed using Cronbach’s α and the ICC. SPSS. V26 and STATA. V14 was used for the data analysis.
Results
The QWC-MC scale has 33 questions, and the translation and psychometric properties of its Persian version were confirmed. EFA identified four factors that accounted for 58.20% of the total variance. The structural validity of the extracted factors was confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. The reliability and repeatability using Cronbach’s α and the ICC for the entire questionnaire were 0.88 and 0.99, respectively.
Conclusions
The findings show that the Persian version of the QWC-MC has good to acceptable validity and reliability. Therefore, it can be used as an effective tool to measure and evaluate the quality of woman-centered midwifery care during labor and childbirth in Iran.
A cocktail of engineered chimeric antibodies targeting the central nervous system produces a broad-spectrum therapeutic effect for symptomatic rabies
Authors: Zhao Ling , Ren Zeheng , Wang Caiqian , Wang Haoran , Wu Qiong , Hou Qingxiu , Qi Xue , He Wenna , Zhang Xiaoyu , Wan Jiawu , Zhou Ming , Fu Zhen
Published: August 2024

Rabies is a lethal disease caused by rabies virus (RABV), and once symptoms appear, the fatality rate is nearly 100%. RABV is a neurotropic virus, and the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) prevents peripheral neutralizing antibodies and immune cells from entering the central nervous system (CNS) to eliminate the virus. However, currently reported symptomatic treatments for rabies lack broad target coverage and may cause some degree of neuron damage. Here, we constructed four chimeric human-mouse antibodies with high neutralizing activity and affinity against RABV, further identifying their targeted antigenic epitopes as I, II, and IV. Meanwhile, we screened a highly efficient brain-shuttle peptide: SynB1, and fused it with antibodies to achieve targeted delivery of antibodies into the brain following intravenous injection. More importantly, our results showed that combined treatment of RABV-infected mice with three SynB1-antibodies targeting different epitopes could reduce their clinical symptoms and increase their survival ratio to 80%. Collectively, the non-invasive brain delivery method based on hybrid antibody-conjugated cell-penetrating peptides offers a promising strategy for the effective treatment of a broad-spectrum symptomatic rabies.
Infant mental health services for families of maltreated pre-school children in foster care (BeST?): a single-blind cluster-randomised, multicentre, phase 3 clinical- and cost-effectiveness trial
Authors: Minnis Helen , Crawford Karen , Young Robin , Wilson Philip M.J. , Deidda Manuela , Forde Matt , Millar Susanne , McConnachie Alex , Boyd Kathleen , McIntosh Emma , Ougrin Dennis , Henderson Marion , Gillberg Christopher , Kainth Gary , Kainth Fiona , Sonuga-Barke Edmund , Fitzpatrick Bridie
Published: August 2024

Background Maltreated children are at high risk of negative psychosocial outcomes. Interventions targeting their foster carers are modestly effective. No previous RCT has targeted birth families of maltreated children in foster care.
Methods In this single-blind, cluster-randomised, phase 3 trial (Registration: BeST? Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02653716), families with a 0-5-year-old child entering foster care in Glasgow or London were randomised 1:1 (secure web portal; researchers masked; stratification by site with minimisation) to the New Orleans intervention model (NIM) or social work services-as-usual (SAU). NIM offers infant mental health assessment (~3 months) and treatment (6-9 months) to birth families and children in foster care, aiming to improve child mental health and recommend return home or adoption. The principal outcome measure of child mental health was the 20-item Strengths and Difficulties Total Difficulties (SDQ-TD) Scale at 2.5 years post study entry (high scores indicating poorer child behaviour).
Findings Between January 2012 and July 2021, 382 families (488 children) were recruited: 22 families were later deemed non-eligible leaving 360 families (439 children; 47.0% female). Follow-up continued until December 2023 when the trial was fully powered: 286 families (149 NIM; 137 SAU, 367 children) were followed up at 2.5 years (79.4%). Intention-to-treat analysis found no intervention effect of NIM: Mean (SD) SDQ-TD NIM 11.5 (7.6); SAU 11.1 (7.2); adjusted mean difference (NIM-SAU) 1.4; 95% CI (-0.63, 3.53); p=0.17. Girls randomised to NIM had higher SDQ-TD scores at 2.5 years wrt SAU: Interaction p=0.0217; adjusted mean difference 2.96; (0.12, 5.82); p= 0.042 - adjusted mean difference in boys was 0.12; 95% CI (-2.82, 3.09). Of 52 SAEs (21 NIM; 31 SAU), none were intervention related. Within the trial time horizon, NIM is not cost-effective costing £10,592 per child versus £4557 for SAU.
Interpretation Contextual challenges meant only 66.4% of eligible families received NIM. Despite no measured within-trial effects for SDQ-TD, higher scores in girls randomised to NIM could indicate either poorer mental health or, conversely, a process of recovery. Follow-up is therefore essential.
Funding National Institute for Health Research (PHR 12/211/54)
Elaboração e validação de instrumento sobre conformidade às medidas de enfrentamento da covid-19 em serviços de saúde bucal no Brasil
Authors: Silva Junior Manoelito Ferreira , Palma Luciana Zambillo , Warmling Cristine Maria , Spiger Vinícius , Ditterich Rafael Gomes , Pecharki Giovana Daniela , Castro Renata Goulart , Baldani Márcia Helena
Published: August 2024

O estudo objetivou validar um instrumento elaborado para profissionais de saúde bucal (Cirurgiões-dentistas, Auxiliares e Técnicos de Saúde Bucal) sobre a conformidade às medidas de enfrentamento da Covid-19 nos serviços odontológicos segundo as diretrizes da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária do Brasil. O estudo metodológico foi dividido em cinco etapas: 1) validade de face e conteúdo: realizada por oito experts na área seguida de  estudo piloto com 35 profissionais de saúde bucal; e, 2) validação das propriedades psicométricas aferidas entre os profissionais de saúde bucal atuantes nos estados da Região Sul do Brasil que responderam 37 questões do instrumento (n=1824), com avaliação da: a) consistência interna pelo coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach e a correlação item-total; b) reprodutibilidade aferida pelo teste-reteste entre 52 participantes; e, c) validade de construto pela análise de correlação divergente e convergente e análise fatorial exploratória. Na validade de face e conteúdo houve redução, reagrupamento e divisão de questões, além de adaptações de forma e conteúdo nos itens e nas respostas. A concordância foi substancial/quase completa em 34 itens (coeficiente de correlação intraclasse>0,60). A reprodutibilidade foi adequada (p=0,45). A análise de confiabilidade indicou exclusão de seis itens por correlação item-total<0,20 e um item por carga fatorial<0,30. O instrumento com 30 itens apresentou boa consistência interna (Alfa de Cronbach=0,86). A análise de componentes principais mostrou cinco dimensões que explicam 51,1% da variância (p<0,001). A validade de critério convergente teve correlação positiva moderada (p<0,001). O instrumento elaborado apresentou-se validado ao apresentar propriedades psicométricas adequadas. Nesse sentido, o instrumento pode ser utilizado para profissionais de saúde bucal de outros locais ou em outros momentos da sindemia de Covid-19 no Brasil.
Investigating the Relationship Between Preservice Special Education Teachers' Attitudes Toward Professional Collaboration and Teaching Competencies
Authors: Kalaylı Mehmet Emin , Bilgiç Hatice Cansu , Dayı Eylem
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Collaboration is a positive and mutually committed process that involves team members working together, pooling resources, and sharing an environment. The process of collaboration among teachers also leads to the improvement of professional practice and the quality of learning outcomes. Teachers in a collaborative environment know that there are other experts from whom they can get support in the educational process. This situation has a positive effect on their attitudes towards the teaching profession, and positive attitudes enhance their professional competence by increasing their motivation to learn and teach. This study aimed to contribute to the literature by clarifying the relationship between attitudes towards collaborative working skills and teachers' competencies in the field of special education.
Method: The research was designed in relational survey method, one of the quantitative research types. A total of 253 students who were enrolled in the undergraduate special education program at the universities and took the teaching practice course for at least one semester participated in the study. The data of the study were collected through the "Attitude Scale towards Professional Collaboration among Teachers" and "Ohio Teacher Competence Scale". Before analyzing the data, the assumption of normality was checked. Then, statistical analyses (correlation, regression, one-way analysis of variance, independent groups t-test) were performed. Reliability coefficients were also calculated for each scale.
Results: As a result of the analyses, a high positive correlation was found between pre-service teachers' attitudes towards professional collaboration and teacher competencies and their subdimensions. In addition, it was found that pre-service teachers' attitudes toward professional collaboration positively predicted teacher competencies and their subdimensions. Finally, the attitudes towards collaboration and teacher competencies of pre-service teachers working with students with severe and multiple disabilities in teaching practice were higher than those of pre-service teachers working with other disability groups.
Discussion: The results of this study suggest that pre-service special education teachers' positive attitudes towards professional collaboration significantly increase their levels of teacher efficacy, and that working with different disability groups affects pre-service teachers' professional development in different ways. This highlights the importance of teacher education programs to promote approaches that are sensitive to diversity and diverse learning needs.
MÉTRICAS DA QUÍMICA ANALÍTICA VERDE NA AVALIAÇÃO DE MÉTODO ECOLÓGICO PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DE DEFENSIVOS AGRÍCOLAS POR CLAE-DAD
Authors: P. dos Santos Larissa , E. A. de Magalhães Bárbara , N. L. dos Santos Walter , B. Oliveira Luciana , de G. Pereira Madson , de A. Santana Débora
Published: August 2024

GREEN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY METRICS IN THE EVALUATION OF AN ECOLOGICAL METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PESTICIDES BY HPLC-DAD. In recent years, the Brazilian government has authorized several agricultural pesticides, increasing the possibility of pollution of different ecosystems and the food consumed by a large part of the population. The analytical determination of pesticides can be carried out using different techniques associated with various methods. Their development and validation have been based on obtaining better reliability, meeting the requirements of environmental legislation, and adapting to the principles of Green Chemistry. Thus, a chromatographic method was developed for the separation and determination of eight agricultural pesticides (aldicarb, ametrine, atrazine, bendiocarb, carbaryl, hexazinone, methiocarb, and methomyl) in compliance with Green Chemistry criteria, using ethanol as the mobile phase, which it is an ecologically less aggressive solvent. The developed method showed efficient separation and excellent results for green analysis metrics with high scores on the Eco-scale and good presentation in the National Environmental Methods Index (NEMI), Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), and Analytical Greenness Calculator Metric (AGREE) pictograms. The validation parameters indicated the linearity of the method with good precision, selectivity, and sensitivity with detection and quantification limits in the ranges of 0.50 to 0.94 mg L-1 and 0.74 to 1.81 mg L-1, respectively.
Toward the study of the relationship between psychological defenses and psychosocial stress factors in modern foreign science
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Kuznetsova Yulia , Gutkevich Elena ,   National Research Tomsk State University,   Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2024

The phenomenon of psychological defenses is considered from the standpoint of various approaches (cognitive, psychodynamic, behavioral, etc.), to understanding this phenomenon. The novelty in the research of foreign authors of the first quarter of the 21st century is traced. Empirical studies of psychological defenses within the framework of the theory of “stress vaccination”, “minority stress” in connection with “distorted perception”, social control and psychological well-being are presented. The impact of social factors (stress, depression, etc.) on the development of immature psychological defenses in a person, which reduce the level of psychological well-being, the ability to cope with mental conditions and disorders, and the level of self-esteem, is relevant. In cases of gender discrimination, alienation (avoidance) is more often chosen, while stigmatization on some other grounds leads to self-condemnation, self-doubt, and depression. Separate studies are devoted to the negative consequences of the use of immature and neurotic psychological defenses, as a result of which positive results are devalued, and the task is perceived subjectively as more difficult, while the use of mature protective mechanisms increases the mental stability of the individual. A number of modern foreign studies are devoted to understanding psychological defenses as factors of recovery or degradation, for example, the interpretation of the mechanisms underlying depression as protective (“smoke detector”), and sleepwalking and night terrors as a causes of “failure” of more mature and adaptive psychological defenses. The latest research on the trigger of time and place in its relationship with the cognitive processes of a person experiencing a psychotic episode can provide a more favorable outcome on the path of recovery. The purpose of this work was to study the current directions of research on the problem of psychological protection in foreign publications of the late 20th — first quarter of the 21st century. The research methods were the analysis and structured presentation of literary sources of foreign authors on the problem of the phenomenon of psychological defenses in modern foreign science.
Features of purpose determination of meaningfulness of life in different cultures
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Zhou Zhuolin
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the study of purpose determination of human behavior and its connection with the meaningfulness of life. In modern psychological research the purpose determination of human behavior is considered as having a contextual character. A study was conducted to describe the contextual characteristics of goals and to identify the relationship of goals in the main life spheres with the meaningfulness of life among 143 native speakers of Russian and 150 native speakers of Chinese. As a result of correlation, factor and regression analyses, the following was established: regardless of cultural identity, the significance of a person’s goals in the main life spheres relates to the assessment of the possibilities of their achievement in his/her life situation; a person’s active life position and his/her satisfaction with his/her actual life are positively correlated with his/her life meaningfulness of life. Differences between representatives of Russian and Chinese cultures have also been revealed: in the Chinese sample, the presence of goals and the assessment of a high probability of their realization are associated with the readiness to change to achieve them, while in the Russian sample the presence of goals and a positive assessment of the situation do not ensure the propensity to change; for a native speaker of the Russian language, goals and the assessment of opportunities to achieve them have a significant impact on his sense of meaningfulness of life, while for the Chinese respondent the most important role is played by family values.
Metacognitive strategies, beliefs and type of reflexivity in persons with different types of life orientations
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Provorova Anastasia
Published: August 2024

The modern world's focus on individualisation of life activity puts great pressure on the modern person: in the search for life goals and reference points, there is a collision with high requirements for material success and general self-realisation. At the same time, there is a large number of recommendations to increase the level of activity productivity through the regulation of external factors (features of time management, reward systems, etc.), while the contribution of metacognitive processes in the regulation of mental activity is not always noted. In this connection, the purpose of this study was to identify and analyse the peculiarities of metacognitive experience in individuals with different types of life orientations. 319 people in the age groups from 18-25 to 65 and older were interviewed using methods aimed at identifying the type of life orientations and a number of parameters of the metacognitive sphere: metacognitive strategies, metacognitive beliefs, and type of reflexion. When comparing persons from groups with different life orientations, significant results were obtained, which demonstrate greater metacognitive awareness in individuals oriented towards the possibility of taking personal responsibility for life and aimed at active external activity. Persons oriented towards openness to experience, but with pronounced externalism, appear to be more susceptible to negative metacognitive beliefs about the regulation of their thinking. In the group of persons with pragmatism-oriented life orientations, negative metacognitions are lower and the range of metastrategies used is narrower, although the expression of those strategies that are actively realised is at about the same level as in the group with the most pronounced subject-oriented life orientations. In groups with unexpressed life goals or with inconsistency of goals and ways of realisation, the indicators of the frequency of use of metacognitive strategies and systematic reflection are lower than in the group with expressed subjective orientations.
The Degayevism in N. Svechin’s novel “Fatal Numbers”
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Zhang Shicong
Published: August 2024

Nikolai Svechin’s retro-detective novels are known to be accurate in his reproduction of the spirit and way of life of the depicted historical period. Readers tend to believe in what the writer has written about the history. This article examines the depiction in the novel “Fatal Numbers” of the phenomenon of the so-called “Degaevism” in the history of the late Russian Empire. The text of the novel is compared with documentary materials about the provocative activities of S. P. Degaev and G. P. Sudeikin. The author of this article claims that Degaev’s monologue is a retelling text based on the text of L. A. Tikhomirov’s memoirs. There are abundant correspondences between the Degaev’s monologue with Tikhomirov’s memoirs. At the same time, it was revealed that the image of the provocateur has been simplified: Degaev’s is portrayed as a psychologically simple, self-serving villain. The image of Sudeikin is also different from his prototype. If Sudeikin in history was an egoist and had no ideological convictions, then Sudeikin the character is a supporter of liberal reforms. This discrepancy between the novel and history is explained by the fact that the protector of Sudeikin, Grand Duke Vladimir Alexan drovich, in Svechin’s view, was a liberal. Constructing an adventure plot, the writer does not change the outcomes of real events, but only speculates on some points that remained to be blank spots in history. On the one hand, Svechin is dedicated to guarantee the plausibility; on the other hand, the simplicity. The writer does not analyze in-depth the personality of figure, and introduces logic and consistency into history, destroying all the ambiguities.
The electrocatalytic degradation of 1,4-dioxane by Co–Bi/GAC particle electrode
Authors: Wang Rui , Dai Zhineng , Zhang Wenqi , Ma Chao
Published: August 2024

Efficient degradation of industrial organic wastewater has become a significant environmental concern. Electrochemical oxidation technology is promising due to its high catalytic degradation ability. In this study, Co–Bi/GAC particle electrodes were prepared and characterized for degradation of 1,4-dioxane. The electrochemical process parameters were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM), and the influence of water quality factors on the removal rate of 1,4-dioxane was investigated. The results showed that the main influencing factors were the Co/Bi mass ratio and calcination temperature. The carrier metals, Co and Bi, existed mainly on the GAC surface as Co3O4 and Bi2O3. The removal of 1,4-dioxane was predominantly achieved through the synergistic reaction of electrode adsorption, anodic oxidation, and particle electrode oxidation, with ·OH playing a significant role as the main active free radical. Furthermore, the particle electrode was demonstrated in different acid–base conditions (pH = 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11). However, high concentrations of Cl− and NO3- hindered the degradation process, potentially participating in competitive reactions. Despite this, the particle electrode exhibited good stability after five cycles. The results provide a new perspective for constructing efficient and stable three-dimensional (3D) electrocatalytic particle electrodes to remove complex industrial wastewater.
BIRDS COMMUNITY AS A COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEM SPATIO- TEMPORAL PATTERNS IN AN PERUVIAN ANDEAN AGROECOSYSTEM
Authors: Sánchez Infantas Edgar , Salvador Rodriguez Julio , Quinteros Carlos Zulema
Published: August 2024

The interpretation of biological communities as complex adaptive systems aims to demonstrate their ecological patterns at different scales and their environmental relationships. In this survey, we analyzed species diversity and alternative stable states patterns of the bird community in an Andean agroecosystem located on the central-western slope of the Peruvian Andes (Cajatambo District, Lima - Peru), on a temporal and spatio-temporal scale. We evaluated their bird community through 24 line transects, located in seven plant formations along two ecoregions, between 2 700 and 4 600 masl, during the dry and rainy seasons of 2015 and 2016. The temporal patterns did not show differences in species diversity between seasons. We determined the existence of a single temporary alternative stable states; however, we evidenced changes in their species composition between dry and rainy seasons, suggesting a greater functional redundancy in dry season than rainy season due to temporal variability of small granivore-insectivore species. Regarding the spatio-temporal patterns, the plant formations of Polylepis forests, some scrubs and agricultural lands presented high values of species diversity. In addition, we determined eight alternative stable states in relation to one or more plant formations and seasonality. Finally, a higher proportion of regime changes was found in the community alternative stable states located in the Meso-Andean ecoregion as opposed to the Puna-Humid ecoregion, which would suggest that this bird community has a greater self- organization and adaptability in the face of environmental stochasticity.
HTB50-2 Inhibits Growth and Migration of Triple-negative Breast Cancer via FOSL2/FOXC1 Signaling Axis and Subsequent Ferroptosis
Authors: Liu Na , Yin Wen-ying , Duan Wen-qi , Lyu Yu-zhu , Xie Shan , Fang Lei , Ji Yan , Yang Feng-ying , Ge Di
Published: August 2024

Background:

The manipulation of ferroptosis in cancer cells is a possible
therapeutic technique that has been investigated for use in the treatment of cancer.
Consequently, ferroptosis-inducing medications have recently received increased interest
in cancer therapy. In this research, we assessed the anticancer efficacy of 14β-hydroxy-
3β-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy)-5α-bufa-20,22-dienolide (HTB50-2), a natural product
derived from the plant Helleborus thibetanus Franch, in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
(TNBC). Moreover, we also studied its potential mechanisms.

Methods:

The biological effects of HTB50-2 in a series of breast cancer cell lines were
analyzed using sulforhodamine B (SRB) and other methods. The migration ability was
analyzed using three methods: wound healing assay, transwell assay, and Western blot.
Meanwhile, the potential therapeutic value of HTB50-2 was evaluated in BALB/c mice
by orthotopic transplantation. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted to explore the
FOS-like antigen 2 (FOSL2) gene, and its role in ferroptosis was verified by Western
blot and immunohistochemistry. The association of FOSL2 and ferroptosis-related
genes was analyzed using NetworkAnalyst databases, and a TF-Gene interaction network
was constructed.

Results:

Ferroptosis was found to be induced in TNBC cells by HTB50-2. Furthermore,
HTB50-2 inhibited tumor development by inducing ferroptosis in TNBC in vivo. Mechanistically,
we demonstrated that a transcription factor FOSL2 mediated ferroptosis by
HTB50-2. Additionally, it was found that Forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) was regulated by
FOSL2 and correlated with ferroptosis.

Conclusion:

Our data suggest that HTB50-2 exerts its anti-cancer properties by ferroptosis
via FOSL2/FOXC1 signaling pathway. Hence, HTB50-2 has an important application
potential in the treatment of TNBC.
Weight, CYP3A5 Genotype, and Voriconazole Co-administration Influence Tacrolimus Initial Dosage in Pediatric Lung Transplantation Recipients with Low Hematocrit based on a Simulation Model
Authors: Hu Ke , Pan Jia-Jun , Qu Wen-Qian , He Su-Mei , Yang Yang , Shi Hao-Zhe , Zhang Yi-Jia , Chen Xiao , Wang Dong-Dong
Published: August 2024

Objective:

The method of administering the initial doses of tacrolimus in recipients of pediatric
lung transplantation, especially in patients with low hematocrit, is not clear. The present study aims to explore
whether weight, CYP3A5 genotype, and voriconazole co-administration influence tacrolimus initial dosage in
recipients of pediatric lung transplantation with low hematocrit based on safety and efficacy using a simulation
model.

Methods:

The present study utilized the tacrolimus population pharmacokinetic model, which was employed
in lung transplantation recipients with low hematocrit.

Results:

For pediatric lung transplantation recipients not carrying CYP3A5*1 and without voriconazole, the recommended
tacrolimus doses for weights of 10-13, 13-19, 19-22, 22-35, 35-38, and 38-40 kg are 0.03, 0.04,
0.05, 0.06, 0.07, and 0.08 mg/kg/day, which are split into two doses, respectively. For pediatric lung transplantation
recipients carrying CYP3A5*1 and without voriconazole, the recommended tacrolimus doses for
weights of 10-18, 18-30, and 30-40 kg are 0.06, 0.08, 0.11 mg/kg/day, which are split into two doses, respectively.
For pediatric lung transplantation recipients not carrying CYP3A5*1 and with voriconazole, the recommended
tacrolimus doses for weights of 10-20 and 20-40 kg are 0.02 and 0.03 mg/kg/day, which are split into
two doses, respectively. For pediatric lung transplantation recipients carrying CYP3A5*1 and with voriconazole,
the recommended tacrolimus doses for weights of 10-20, 20-33, and 33-40 kg are 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05
mg/kg/day, which are split into two doses, respectively.

Conclusion:

The present study is the first to recommend the initial dosages of tacrolimus in recipients of pediatric
lung transplantation with low hematocrit using a simulation model.
Expression and Function of FAM72A Gene in Multiple MyelomaFAM72A
Authors: Gao Wenyu , Ma Yanping
Published: August 2024

Aims:

This study aims to comprehensively investigate the role of Family Member A
with sequence similarity 72-A (FAM72A) in multiple myeloma.

Background:

Multiple myeloma poses significant challenges. This study delves into FAM72A's
impact on key cellular processes, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets and enhancing
our understanding of multiple myeloma progression.

Objective:

Investigate the impact of FAM72A on the proliferation, apoptosis, and bortezomib
sensitivity of multiple myeloma cell line U266.

Methods:

qRT-PCR analyzed FAM72A expression levels in bone marrow samples from 30 patients
with multiple myeloma and 10 healthy donors at the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical
University. Cell lines overexpressing FAM72A were constructed, and Cell Counting Kit 8
(CCK-8) and flow cytometry were used to assess U266 cell proliferation, apoptosis, and sensitivity
to bortezomib. Biological predictions for FAM72A were performed to find transcription factors
binding to the FAM72A promoter region, verified using a luciferase assay. U266 cells were
transfected with si-POU2F2 (POU class 2 homeobox 2), and the impact on cell proliferation was
validated. Western blot analysis detected the expression of downstream proteins in the p53 signaling
pathway. In vivo, experiments established a xenograft mouse model further to study the
role of FAM72A in multiple myeloma.

Results:

FAM72A was upregulated in multiple myeloma bone marrow tissues. Compared to the
OE-NC group, the OE-FAM72A group showed increased Mouse Double Minute 2 homolog
(MDM2) expression, decreased p53 expression, increased cell proliferation, and decreased apoptosis.
POU2F2 was identified as the upstream transcription factor for FAM72A. Compared to the
si-NC group, the si-POU2F2 group exhibited decreased MDM2 expression, increased p53 expression,
slowed cell proliferation, and increased apoptosis. Silencing POU2F2 could reverse the
pro-proliferative effect of over-expressing FAM72A in U266 cells. In vivo experiments in a xenograft
mouse model further studied the role of FAM72A in multiple myeloma.

Conclusion:

Overexpression of FAM72A promotes U266 cell proliferation, inhibits apoptosis,
and reduces sensitivity to bortezomib by regulating the POU2F2/FAM72A/p53 signaling pathway.
Mining Transcriptional Data for Precision Medicine: Bioinformatics Insights into Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Shahriari Arman , Amirzadeh Shams Shokoofeh , Mahboobi Hamidreza , Yazdanparast Maryam , Jabbaripour Sarmadian Amirreza
Published: August 2024

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), encompassing ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease,
affects millions worldwide. Characterized by a complex interplay of genetic, microbial, and
environmental factors, IBD challenges conventional treatment approaches, necessitating precision
medicine. This paper reviews the role of bioinformatics in leveraging transcriptional data for novel
IBD diagnostics and therapeutics. It highlights the genomic landscape of IBD, focusing on genetic
factors and insights from genome-wide association studies. The interrelation between the gut microbiome
and host transcriptional responses in IBD is examined, emphasizing the use of bioinformatics
tools in deciphering these interactions. Our study synthesizes developments in transcriptomics
and proteomics, revealing aberrant gene and protein expression patterns linked to IBD pathogenesis.
We advocate for the integration of multi-omics data, underscoring the complexity and necessity
of bioinformatics in interpreting these datasets. This approach paves the way for personalized
treatment strategies, improved disease prognosis, and enhanced patient care. The insights provided
offer a comprehensive overview of IBD, highlighting bioinformatics as key in advancing personalized
healthcare in IBD management.
Development of Light Energy Converters by using Short-Chain Dyad-Graphene Oxide and Graphene Quantum Dot Nanocomposites: A Comparative Approach
Authors: Mitra Ishani , Ganguly Tapan
Published: August 2024

In this chapter, the measurements of fluorescence lifetimes of short-chain
dyads ((E)-4-(((9H-fluorene-2-yl) Dimino)-methyl), N, N dimethyl-aniline (NND
MBF)-graphene quantum dot (GQD) nanocomposite systems were made. The results
observed from this system have been compared with the pristine dyad (p-dyad) and
graphene oxide (GO)-dyad nanocomposite and Carbon Quantum Dot(CQD)
nanocomposite. When compared to pristine dyad and dyad-GO systems, the dyad-GQD
appears to be a much better light-energy converter because of its superior capacity for
trans-conformer retention, which can occur even under a photoexcitation state. In the
instance of the nanocomposite dyad NNDMBF-GQD, the surface trap effects may be
the cause of the excited state's trans-conformer's relative stability when compared to its
pristine form.
Green Synthesis of Reduced Graphene Oxide Utilizing Agricultural Waste and Nanocomposite for Potential Environmental and Health Applications
Authors: Perumal Dharshini , Che Abdullah Che Azurahanim , Albert Emmellie Laura
Published: August 2024

Carbon-based technology has become a multidisciplinary field including
water treatment, agriculture, material science, medicine, and other sciences due to their
unique characteristics. Research on graphene technology has focused heavily on
graphene and its derivatives, including graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene
oxide (rGO). Traditional processes for producing rGO involve harsh conditions,
including high temperatures and hazardous chemicals and solvents. The creation of
green-based nanomaterials is the current research focus on a global scale.
Nanotechnological applications are rapidly growing that use agricultural waste biomass
as a reducing agent and turn it into graphene-based products in an effort to lessen their
detrimental effects on the environment. Graphene-based materials and metal
nanoparticles are frequently combined to improve the characteristics of nanomaterials
today with the use of green reductants. Additionally, rGO not only offers the nucleation
site but also prevents metal nanoparticles from clumping together. Here, we discuss the
utilization of agricultural waste biomass for green rGO production and graphene-based
metal nanocomposite, as well as its application to the environment and healthcare.
Finally, this review offers some insight into potential future developments, particularly
with regard to scaling up rGO and graphene-based metal nanocomposites in many
potential applications.
A Review of Crack Growth Analysis of Graphene Nanocomposites
Authors: Dahiya Mamta , Khanna Virat , Bansal Suneev Anil
Published: August 2024

Graphene (Gr) has extraordinary properties such as excellent mechanical,
electrical, and thermal strength. Adding Gr into the metal matrix enhances the overall
properties of the nanocomposite (NC). The advantages and disadvantages of any kind
of NC depend on various defects such as vacancy, holes, cracks, etc. and these defects
depend on the type of application. This review article presents an extended finite
element method (X-FEM) to model and analyze the mechanical properties of graphene
nanocomposites (GNC). X-FEM is an excellent tool to analyze crack growth in
graphene sheets (GS) and GNC. This FEM analysis is performed using different
properties such as Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and mass density. It has been
observed from the review that aligning and distributing GS randomly enhances the
mechanical properties but if crack formation occurs in the NC or on the GS then
properties start degrading.
Graphene-based Materials for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices-EESDs; Opportunities and Future Perspective
Authors: Arif Khizra , Shakoor Abdul , Awais Muhammad , Dashi Marvi , Ajat Khel Behram Khan , Sami Ur Rehman Bentham Science Publisher , Masood Khansa , Hussain Farah , Alam Waheed , Atif Muhammad
Published: August 2024

The material's exciting properties, which have substantially expanded the
field of study, include its enormous surface area, outstanding electrical conductivity,
extreme thinness, amazing electron kinesis, and cutting-edge mechanical control. These
topographies are largely active for various energy-storage devices (EESDs) such as
supercapacitors, hybrid cathode and anode materials, lithium-sulfur batteries, lithiumion batteries, lithium-oxygen batteries, and sodium-ion batteries. The scalability,
stability, and uniformity of nanomaterials made of carbon are essential for the
development of graphene-based energy storage devices.
Anticancer Potential of Marine Sponges
Authors: Santhanam Ramasamy , Ramesh Santhanam , Balasundari Subbiah , David Sheba R.
Published: August 2024

This chapter deals with the anticancer activity of different chemical classes
of compounds of marine sponges viz. alkaloids, terpenes, peptides and lipids. The
mechanisms of action of the different compounds are also given.
Anticancer Potential of Marine Bryozoans
Authors: Santhanam Ramasamy , Ramesh Santhanam , Balasundari Subbiah , David Sheba R.
Published: August 2024

This chapter deals with the anticancer and cytotoxic compounds of marine
bryozoans and their mechanisms of action. Most of the anticancer compounds of these
bryozoans were found to belong to the chemical classes alkaloids and lactones.
Anticancer Drugs Sourced from Marine Life
Authors: Santhanam Ramasamy , Ramesh Santhanam , Balasundari Subbiah , David Sheba R.
Published: August 2024

This inter-disciplinary volume provides information on anticancer medicines derived from marine organisms. Eight edited reviews extensively list the variety of organisms including marine plants, sponges, cnidarians and fish. Emphasis is placed on the source of the compounds, their structure and mechanism of action. Anticancer peptides from sponges are covered in a dedicated chapter. The specific biology and ecology of marine organisms yielding these anticancer compounds is also highlighted where appropriate. All chapters include detailed references for advanced readers.

This volume is a standard text-cum-reference for teachers, students and researchers of various disciplines such as Biomedical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marine Biology, and Fisheries Science, it also serves as a guide to marine anticancer compounds for professionals in the pharmaceutical industry who are involved in the development of new marine-derived anticancer drugs.
IDENTIFIKASI PERENCANAAN FASILITAS UMUM SARANA PERMUKIMAN DI KECAMATAN KARANGMONCOL KABUPATEN PURBALINGGA
Authors: Ahmada Naufal , Priambodo Aji
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini adalah analisis proyeksi penduduk dengan analisis ketersediaan dan kebutuhan fasilitas menggunakan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI 03-1733-200) di Kecamatan Karangmoncol Kabupaten Purbalingga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk identifikasi kondisi terkini terkait jumlah penduduk terhadap sebaran fasilitas umum dan analisis kebutuhan fasilitas umum, serta proyeksi pada 5 dan 10 tahun kedepan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Variabel yang digunakan adalah variabel penduduk terhadap variabel pendidikan, kesehatan, peribadatan, perdagangan, dan persampahan. Hasil penelitian adalah sarana pendidikan tingkat SMA masih terpusat di Pekiringan, Tamansari, Tunjungmuli yang menyebabkan adanya kesenjangan di wilayah lain dimana belum adanya SMA dan tingkatan SMP dimana hanya Grantung yang masih belum ada sehingga harus ada penambahan SMP. Sarana kesehatan puskesmas hanya ada di Pepedan saja yang juga menyebabkan kesenjangan di wilayah lain. Sarana peribadatan sudah mencakup dan melayani seluruh kelurahan di Kecamatan Karangmoncol sehingga dianggap sudah memenuhi standar. Sarana perdagangan dianggap sudah memenuhi standar. Sarana persampahan berupa TPS sudah memenuhi standar, sebaiknya perlu  ditambahkan TPA.
Identifying Barriers to the Adoption of Digital Contact Tracing Apps in England: Semistructured Interview Study With Professionals Involved in the Pandemic Response
Authors: Palmer Anna , Sharma Shaishab , Nagpal Jayesh , Kimani Victor , Mai Florence , Ahmed Zara
Published: August 2024

Background

The NHS (National Health Service) COVID-19 app was a digital contact tracing app (DCTA) used in England in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of which was to limit the spread of COVID-19 by providing exposure alerts. At the time of the pandemic, questions were raised regarding the effectiveness and cost of the NHS COVID-19 app and whether DCTAs have a role in future pandemics.

Objective

This study aims to explore key barriers to DCTAs in England during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

This is a qualitative study using semistructured video interviews conducted with professionals in public health, digital health, clinicians, health care law, and health executives who had an active role in the COVID-19 pandemic. These interviews aimed to explore the perspective of different experts involved in the pandemic response and gauge their opinions on the key barriers to DCTAs in England during the COVID-19 pandemic. The initial use of maximum variation sampling combined with a snowball sampling approach ensured diversity within the cohort of interviewees. Interview transcripts were then analyzed using Braun and Clarke's 6 steps for thematic analysis.

Results

Key themes that acted as barriers to DCTAs were revealed by interviewees such as privacy concerns, poor communication, technological accessibility, digital literacy, and incorrect use of the NHS COVID-19 app. Interviewees believed that some of these issues stemmed from poor governmental communication and a lack of transparency regarding how the NHS COVID-19 app worked, resulting in decreased public trust. Moreover, interviewees highlighted that a lack of social support integration within the NHS COVID-19 app and delayed app notification period also contributed to the poor adoption rates.

Conclusions

Qualitative findings from interviews highlighted barriers to the NHS COVID-19 app, which can be applied to DCTAs more widely and highlight some important implications for the future use of DCTAS. There was no consensus among interviewees as to whether the NHS COVID-19 app was a success; however, all interviewees provided recommendations for improvements in creating and implementing DCTAs in the future.
Involving people with lived experience in medical education pertaining to children with medical complexity or developmental disabilities: a scoping review protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Pollard Noah , Christensen Leslie , Kloster Heidi , Gerber Danielle , Chödrön Gail
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Involving people with lived experience (PLE) in medical education, which may occur with varying levels of patient and caregiver involvement, can be beneficial for patients, their caregivers, and medical students. Benefits have been demonstrated across both patient populations and learner level of training. Including PLE may be particularly impactful in medical education related to children who require comprehensive, individualized, and multidisciplinary care, such as children with medical complexity or developmental disabilities. Despite this, there is no summary of how children with medical complexities or developmental disabilities or their families/caregivers have been included in medical education for medical students, residents, and fellows. In order to advance the effective inclusion of lived experience in medical education related to this patient population, a synthesis of existing literature is needed.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this scoping review is to identify and synthesize the literature related to including the lived experiences of children with medical complexity or developmental disabilities, their families, and their caregivers in medical education and the level of engagement of people with lived experience in the process.

METHODS

To complete the proposed scoping review, MEDLINE, Scopus, PsycINFO, ERIC, Academic Search Premier, and Google Scholar will be searched for studies investigating patient and caregiver involvement in medical education related to children with medical complexity or developmental disabilities. Data will be extracted from studies that meet the inclusion criteria. Studies involving continuing professional development or patients that are not children with medical complexity or developmental disabilities will be excluded. Data will be extracted to identify the stage of curriculum development in which lived experience is included based on Kern’s 6-step approach. Data will also be extracted to examine the level of engagement in medical education of children with medical complexity or developmental disabilities, their families, or their caregivers.

RESULTS

Descriptive analysis will be performed to identify the findings from the included sources pertaining to the research objective. Findings will be presented in tables, diagrams, or matrices to demonstrate how lived experience has been incorporated into the six steps of curriculum development and characterize the level of engagement of people with lived experience in this process.

CONCLUSIONS

Results from this scoping review may identify areas of improvement for medical education, especially pertaining to the care of children with medical complexity and developmental disabilities. The findings could contribute to the development of medical school curricula that lead to improved patient outcomes.