bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alih Kode dan Campur Kode oleh Pegawai Aerotravel di Denpasar
Authors: Novi Prasanthi Ni Putu , Andry Anita Dewi Ni Made , Yuliani Giri Ni Luh Kade
Published: October 2018

This research aims to identify types and causes of code switching and code mixing that are applied  at Aerotravel Denpasar. This research is analyzed with “Agih and Padan” method in two different languages , Japan and Indonesian. On each of the language, it’s connected therefore found type and cause of factor code switching and code mixing. The theories used are code switching (Wardhaugh, 2006), code mixing (Hoffman, 1991) , and cause code mixing factor (Weinrich, 1979). From 20 data that is analyzed at Aerotravel, it resulted 6 type switching code: 1 methaporical code switching, 5 situational code switching. In addition there are 14 data of switching code consists of 10 lexical code mixing in lexical, 3 phonologic code mixing, and 1 sentence code mixing. The cause factors of switching codes are, topic, solidarity with communicator, social art distance, and motivation. The cause factor of code mixing are low frequency of word, need for synonym, social value, familiarity with another culture, and sufficiency differentiated. This research concludes that the situational code switching is the most used in code switching. Education background is the cause of code mixing existence.
Text Based Approach For Similar Traffic Incident Detection from Twitter
Authors: Ermawati Myrna , Buliali Joko Lianto
Published: October 2018

Microblog has been used as an information source to detect real-world event. Several related studies retrieved road traffic event based on textual content. Not only detect traffic incident, we found that it is necessary to recognize statuses with similar traffic incident content. Better representation of traffic information will help the handling of traffic incident by related parties. This study proposes text-based approach for identification of similar traffic incident from twitter posts. The proposed approach performs traffic incident information extraction and calculates information’s weight based on textual similarity upon traffic incident information gained. We evaluate the proposed method by using a traffic incident information retrieval system. We used Indonesian language corpus contains traffic incident tweets data. Best average f-measure 70% was achieved by retrieval system that tested using Jaccard coefficient. Therefore text matching such as Jaccard coefficient is more suitable to be implemented in very short text document such as extracted tweet document. The experiment result gives the conclusion that the proposed approach can be implemented for identification of similar traffic incident information from Twitter.
Performance Improvement of Water Temperature Control using Anti-windup Proportional Integral Derivative
Authors: Wibowo Agung Surya , Susanto Erwin
Published: October 2018

In this research, the controller was implemented in water temperature control system. This system has delay and saturation effect that caused instability problem in system. One of the effects occurred was windup effect. So, the implementation of controller needs to add anti-windup system. This paper described the comparison between 2 methods of controller design, conventional PID method and PID with Anti-Windup method.  The conventional PID method resulted the system that was hardly to achieve the steady state condition. This was caused by windup effect as the system get saturation. The integrator part in PID will get bigger. The solution to fix this instability problem was by using the PID with Anti-Windup. The result of experiment showed that the output response from the control system with the anti-windup PID has a more stable than that of the conventional PID
Geographic Information System of Public Complaint Testing Based On Mobile Web (Public Complaint)
Authors: Mahendra Made Yudha Putra , Piarsa I Nyoman , Putra Githa Dwi
Published: October 2018

A public complaint is a reciprocal of the population against the government to convey opinions or problems encountered in certain areas. The complaint process using a suggestion box or counter complaint is less effective and efficient so that the complaint handling process is slow. The geographic information system of public complaints is an information system built as an intermediary for the public to make complaints against the government. This public complaint geographic information system is built by utilizing location-based services. Geographic information systems of public complaints that have been built require a test to ensure all functions contained on the system can run properly. This study discusses the testing of the geographic information system of public complaints that have been built by blackbox testing and test by involving respondents from the general public. The results of testing system usage by the user based on aspect of system interface display and conformity aspects of processes and features involving respondents from the general public. Tests conducted to get the average results of respondents gave very good value 28%, good 59.8, enough 10.2% and less by 2%. Comparison of systems conducted on two similar systems taken through a literature study showed that a mobile web-based public complaint geographic information system (Public Complaint) has more features in tracking the location of complaints.
Implementation Equal-Width Interval Discretization in Naive Bayes Method for Increasing Accuracy of Students' Majors Prediction
Authors: Saleh Alfa , Nasari Fina
Published: October 2018

The Selection of majors for students is a positive step that is done to focus students in accordance with their potential, it is considered important because with the majors, students are expected to develop academic ability according to the field of interest. In previous research, Naive Bayes method has been tested to classify the student’s department based on the criteria that support the case study on Private Madrasah Aliyah PAB 6 Helvetia students and the accuracy of the test from 100 student data is 90%. in this study, the researcher developed a previously used method by applying an equal-width interval discretization that would transform numerical or continuous criteria into a categorical criteria with a predetermined k value, different k values ??would be tested to find the best accuracy value. from the 120-student data that have been tested, it is proved that the result of the classification of the application of equal-width interval discretization on the Naive Bayes method with the value of k = 8 is better and increased the accuracy value 91.7% to 93.3%.
La importancia de la palabra en los orígenes de la filosofía griega
Authors: Beltrán Moreno Orlando
Published: October 2018

En el siglo VI a.n.e. en la Grecia antigua tres hombres ilustrados de la polis de Mileto, Tales, Anaximandro y Anaxímenes, quienes son considerados por la tradición filosófica occidental como los primeros filósofos, empiezan a construir explicaciones racionales del origen del mundo, de su composición y de su ordenamiento por fuera de las creencias míticas y religiosas, para ellos todo lo que existe es physis; es por medio del logos que se puede captar e interpretar el mundo como physis. A partir de Tales de Mileto la naturaleza se contempla y analiza de acuerdo a sus leyes inmanentes y a un principio material, sin la intervención de las potencialidades divinas; con esta posición cognoscitiva de Tales se inaugura una nueva manera de interpretar y de expresar las cosas, de pensar el mundo como totalidad, que será denominada después Filosofía.
El problema del burro
Authors: Silva Silva Augusto
Published: October 2018

Supóngase que dispone de un potrero circular de radio a sembrado de pasto. En el borde del potrero debe amarrarse un burro y se quiere que el animal tenga acceso exactamente a la mitad del potrero. ¿Cuánto debe medir el lazo con el cual será amarrado el burro?.
El proceso de recontextualización y la construcción de identidades pedagógicas
Authors: López Jiménez Nelson E.
Published: October 2018

Importante iniciar esta disertación señalando que sobre la Educación son muchos y muy variados los estudios que se han realizado. Posiblemente encontremos que difieren en cuanto ai enfoque, la perspectiva, la temática, la intencionalidad, el objeto, el nivel etc.; pero de lo que parece haber conciencia es de la reiteración y yuxtaposición de algunos de los elementos que constituyen los diferentes cuerpos de análisis.

El presente trabajo intenta hacer uta aporte al estudio sistemático de los principios, reglas y prácticas que subyacen en el proceso de transformación de los textos y discursos del contexto primario de producción discursiva al contexto secundario de reproducción discursiva (recontextualización) en la medida que se asume que es en él y a través de él, que tienen origen las tensiones y conflicios que permiten explicar las diferentes identidades pedagógicas hoy presentes en nuestra realidad educativa colombiana. Es conveniente señalar que el análisis se centrará en el nivel de la Educación Superior, en tanto, que el proceso de recontextualización presente en este nivel no ha sido estudiado de manera puntual.
Aplicación de algún producto notable
Authors: Cedeño Tovar Ricardo
Published: October 2018

El profesor de matemáticas nos enseña que el binomio X + y elevado al cuadrado es igual al cuadrado del primero más el doble producto del primero por el segundo, más el cuadrado del segundo, es decir:
La concepción corpuscular de la materia y el concepto Mol: algunas implicaciones epistemológicas y didácticas
Authors: Medina Arévalo Josué Nicolás , Narváez Zamora Luis Javier
Published: October 2018

En la actualidad, uno de los aspectos fundamentales, objeto de investigación en Didáctica de la Química, es el relacionado con el aprendizaje significativo de conceptos y con la construcción de concepciones globales en el ámbito científico.

La química como ciencia está estructurada en torno a conceptos, leyes, prin­cipios y teorías, una de las cuales es la teoría atómica, directamente relacionada con la concepción corpuscular de la materia (Atomismo), como base fundamen­tal de la estructura conceptual de la química moderna; más aún, su aceptación a principios del siglo XIX es uno de los hitos que constituye la ruptura con las concepciones precientíficas. Sin embargo, el atomismo no es propiamente una idea que podemos considerar como originada en la época moderna, sino que empezó a constituir parte del acervo cultural de la humanidad desde que los filósofos jónicos lo plantearon en el siglo VI a.c. En consecuencia, es válido plantearnos los siguientes interrogantes: ¿qué condiciones específicas hicieron que el atomismo se estableciera como paradigma esencial de la química moder­na?, ¿qué condiciones sociales e históricas favorecieron su aceptación?, ¿qué crisis hicieron declinar a las antiguas concepciones químicas que no lo incluían en sus postulados fundamentales?
Un acercamiento teórico: ¿Por qué y para qué investigar las características de la creatividad artística de los estudiantes en el Departamento de Artes de la Universidad Surcolombiana?
Authors: Ruiz Solórzano Jaime
Published: October 2018

Los programas de arte se iniciaron como cursos de extensión, en el hoy reestructurado Instituto Huilense de Cultura durante la década de 1980, posteriormente se firmó un convenio entre la Universidad Surcolombiana (USCO) y el Instituto Huilense de Cultura (IHC) para ofrecer programas de licenciatura, los cuales fueron debidamente aprobados por el Instituto Colombiano para el Fomento de la Educación Superior (ICFES). A partir de 1994 los programas de Artes Visuales, Arte Escénico y Música, fueron asumidos en su totalidad académica y administrativamente por la Universidad. Hoy cuenta con cuatro cohortes de egresados en cada uno de los programas.
Algunas nociones y conceptos para fundamentar La investigación de la historia urbana en ciudades pequeñas
Authors: Ruíz Solórzano Jaime
Published: October 2018

Se considera que en la actualidad «el fenómeno contemporáneo fundamental es el de la ciudad; ésta se nos ofrece cada vez más compleja y rica, múltiple en las experiencias subjetivas que produce y ofrece a sus habitantes. Gracias a esta diversidad, sabemos que no podemos hablar de una memoria de ciudad, sino de una pluralidad de memorias, que van desde las oficiales -aquellas que buscan fijar el pasado en torno a unos mitos fundadores- hasta las más libres y nómadas, como las del creador artístico»,1 y en cuyos estudios laboran las distintas ciencias sociales como constructos obligados para comprender las sociedades contemporáneas.
Las prácticas pedagógicas: Un lugar cultural de resistencia
Authors: Perafán Echeverri Gerardo Andrés
Published: October 2018

Tomadas en su acepción más general, paradójicamente, las prácticas pedagógicas específicas, en su conjunto, son un lugar de resistencia mediado por los pensamientos y el conocimiento de los profesores. 

Caracterizar dicha resistencia es posible a partir de los resultados obtenidos durante por lo menos los últimos treinta años de existencia y desarrollo de la línea de investigación sobre el pensamiento y el conocimiento del profesor. En efecto, los resultados de dicha línea han mostrado que:

1. Los profesores son prácticos reflexivos que producen pensamientos tanto tácitos como explícitos.
El seminario investigativo como práctica pedagógica
Authors: Navarro Salcedo Wisberto
Published: October 2018

Queridos colegas, amigas y amigos: Por iniciativa de un grupo de profesores del Departamento de Psicopedagogía, de la Facultad de Educación, se inició este seminario que durante dos largos y trabajosos años -tal vez más trabajosos que largos- construyó un texto que recoge una parte de sus memorias. Texto que se pone a consideración de la comunidad educativa y espera aportar elementos y experiencias que contribuyan a la consolidación del campo de la pedagogía en Colombia.
Intransitive Verb Markers in Balinese
Authors: Temaja I Gede Bagus Wisnu Bayu
Published: October 2018

This research investigated intransitive verb markers in Balinese. The objectives of the research were: 1) to identify various markers of intransitive verb construction, and 2) to identify the syntactic behaviours of the markers in marking the intransitive verb. The research was conducted in three stages: data collection, data analysis, and data display. The data were collected by applying interview method. The data were obtained from Balinese speakers, Balinese literature, as well as the researcher as a native speaker of Balinese. The data were analyzed by using the distributional method. The display of the results were done formally and informally. The results show that there are four intransitive verb markers consist of ma-, N- (ny-, ng-, and m-), ma-an, and ma-in markers. The occurrence of intransitive verb markers as in ma- and N- are located on the left of the verb while marker ma-an and ma-in are located on the left and right of the verb. The four markers categorize as bound morpheme and placed as a central marker. The marking direction of the entire markers is considered as markers of a central element that mark the verb itself in order to form intransitive verb construction.
The Correlation Between Grammar Mastery and Writing Thesis Proposal at STKIP YDB Lubuk Alung
Authors: Widya Siska Okta , Wahyuni Irna
Published: October 2018

This research was conducted to: (1) identify proficiency level of Grammar Mastery English department Students, (2) Identify proficiency level of writing thesis proposal English department Students, (3) Investigate the correlation between Grammar mastery and Writing Thesis Proposal of English Language Education Program at the sixth semester at STKIP YDB Lubuk Alung. The research applied correlational research; the population of this research was the sixth-semester students in academic year 2017/2018. The samples of this research were 32 students chosen by using total sampling technique. The data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistic through SPSS 22.0 version. The research result showed that (1) the studentsâ€™ grammar mastery was proven by mean score 73.84, it was classified as a moderate category, (2) the students writing proposal thesis was proven by mean score 74.75, which is categorized as moderate. (3) There was a correlation between Grammar mastery and Writing Thesis Proposal of English Language Education Program. It showed that the value of Fcount= 0.837was greater than Ftable= 0.349 (Fcount > Ftable), or p= 0.000 was lower than Î±= 0.05 (p <Î±). In other words, the alternative hypothesis that saying there is a significant relationship between grammar mastery and writing thesis proposal is accepted. It can be concluded that grammatical mastery gives a significant contribution to the paper thesis writing.
Ecology of Flora and Fauna in Maninjau Lake
Authors: Almos Rona , Ladyanna Sonezza , Pramono Pramono
Published: October 2018

The Maninjau Lake have been poised several times which caused by the waste of commercial aquaculture feed. The situation resulted in a drastic reduction of several members of the ecosystem in the lake. The reduction of species in an ecosystem will result in the loss of the lexicon related to the species. The current research studies the lexicon of flora and fauna in Lake Maninjau, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia in the context of ecolingusitis. The output of the current study is to provide documentation lexicon which have potential to be extinct due to ecological cases such as natural disasters and human intervention around the Lake Maninjau ecosystem. The data were collected by using observational method and interviews, then the data were analyzed using translational and referential identity method. The flora found in the waters are enceng gondok, lumuik, jaiia amun, sikajuik lauik, and Â pandan lauik. Fauna found include ideh, kijing, pensi, rinyuak, bada, gariang, nila, majalaya, kolai, lele, patin, udang, lintah, bujang sambilan, asang, rutiang, langkitang, sipuik, lokan, and acek. Some types of fauna such as rinyuak are difficult to find because they polluted by tubo. Pollution as an enemy of the ecosystem caused by human greedy behavior is one of the major factors of the language extinction.
Wind and wave climate in the vicinity of Bozcaada
Authors: GEDİK Nuray , ÇAPANOĞLU BACANLI Dilek
Published: October 2018

One of the most important subjects of coastal engineering is determining the effect of waves on coastal areas. There are different types of marine structures constructed for different purposes such as berths and breakwaters for ports, seawalls for coastal protection, offshore breakwaters and groins.   The basic design tools in planning and designing coastal structures and determining the shoreline changing are wave parameters.Wind and wave climate studies were carried out in Bozcaada coastal region. The wind data used in the wave prediction is obtained from the General Directorate of State Meteorology Affairs. The data includes the hourly wind data for the 30-year period covering the period January 1980-July 2010 for Station number 17111. By evaluating the data, hourly wind distribution percentages, frequency distributions considering direction of wind speeds and direction weighted speed averages were obtained between the years 1980 and 2010. Wave parameters belonging to this region are determined by SMB method which is one of empirical wave estimation methodsWind and wave roses were obtained by using numerical model Mike 21 SW in the thesis comprehensiveness. Wind data required for this model is obtained from ECMWF (European Centre Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) ERA Interim data set. For the calibration of wind – wave models, data is used which was recorded for Bozcaada buoy stations under NATO TU- WAVES project at the coast of Turkey between 21 November 1994- 30 September 1995. When examining the results received from model according to ECMWF data, it has been observed that waves are usually more effective at Bozcaada  in south and  south east direction.
Reversible Alkene Binding and Allylic C–H Activation with an Aluminum(I) Complex
Authors: Bakewell Clare , White Andrew J. P. , Crimmin Mark
Published: October 2018

Reversible alkene binding to a low-valent main group complex is documented. The reaction involves an aluminium(I) reagent and includes both terminal and strained alkenes. This reversible binding event is just a forerunner to non-reversible C–H activation of the allylic position of the alkene. Mechanistic analysis shows that in contrast to common transition metal systems, the C–H activation does not proceed from a metal bound alkene complex. Dissociation of the alkene and reformation of the aluminium(I) fragment is required to liberate the active site and frontier molecular orbitals involved in C–H activation.
Imidazole Promoted Efficient Anomerization of β-D-Glucose Pentaacetate
Authors: Wang Meifeng , Zhang Liyin , Li Yiqun , Gu Liuqun
Published: October 2018

Anomerization of glycosides were rarely performed under basic condition due to lack of efficiency. Here an imidazole promoted anomerization of β-D-glucose pentaacetate was developed; and the reaction was very efficient and full conversion could be achieved within an hour in several anhydrous solvents. Subsequently a new intramolecular mechanism was proposed based on investigation and following which anomerization of broad β-C(O)-O-glucosides might be expected in the future.
The Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane Motif: A Class of Saturated Group 14 Quantum Interference Based Single-molecule Insulators
Authors: Garner Marc H. , Koerstz Mads , Jensen Jan H. , Solomon Gemma C.
Published: October 2018

The electronic transmission through σ-conjugated molecules can be fully suppressed by destructive quantum interference, which makes them potential candidates for single-molecule insulators. The first molecule with clear suppression of the single-molecule conductance due to σ-interference was recently found in the form of a functionalized bicyclo[2.2.2]octasilane. Here we continue the search for potential single-molecule insulators based on saturated group 14 molecules. Using a high-throughput screening approach, we assess the electron transport properties of the bicyclo[2.2.2]octane class by systematically varying the constituent atoms between carbon, silicon, and germanium, thus exploring the full chemical space of 771 different molecules. The majority of the molecules in the bicyclo[2.2.2]octane class are found to be highly insulating molecules. Though the all-silicon molecule is a clear-cut case of σ-interference, it is not unique within its class and there are many potential molecules that we predict to be more insulating. The finding of this class of quantum interference based single-molecule insulators indicates that a broad range of highly insulating saturated group 14 molecules are likely to exist
Ibogaine Modifies GDNF, BDNF and NGF Expression in Brain Regions Involved in Mesocorticolimbic and Nigral Dopaminergic Circuits
Authors: Marton Soledad , González Bruno , Rodríguez Sebastián , Miquel Ernesto , Martínez Palma Laura , Pazos Mariana , Prieto José Pedro , Rodríguez Paola , Sames Dalibor , Seoane Gustavo , Scorza Cecilia , Cassina Patricia , Carrera Ignacio
Published: October 2018

Ibogaine is a psychedelic alkaloid which has been subject of intense scientific research due to its reported ability to attenuate drug-seeking behavior. Recent work suggested that ibogaine effects on alcohol self-administration in rats was related to the release of Glial Cell Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) in the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA), a mesencephalic region which hosts soma of dopamine neurons. It is well known that neurotrophic factors (NFs) mediate the neuroadaptations induced in the mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic system by repeated exposure to drugs. Although previous reports have shown ibogaine´s ability to induce GDNF expression in rat midbrain, there are no studies addressing its effect on the expression of GDNF, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) or Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) in distinct regions containing dopaminergic neurons. In this work, we examined the effect of ibogaine acute administration on the expression of these NFs in the VTA, Prefrontal Cortex (PFC), Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc) and the Substantia Nigra (SN). Thus, rats were i.p. treated with ibogaine 20 mg/kg (I20), 40 mg/kg (I40) or vehicle, and NFs expression was analyzed after 3 and 24 hours. Only at 24 h an increase of the expression for the three NFs were observed in a site and dose dependent manner. Results for GDNF showed that only I40 selectively upregulated its expression in the VTA and SN. Both doses of ibogaine elicited a large increase in the expression of BDNF in the NAcc, SN and PFC, while a significant effect was found in the VTA only for I40. Finally, NGF was found to be upregulated in all regions after I40, while a selective upregulation was found in PFC and VTA for the I20 treatment. An increase in the content of mature GDNF was observed in the VTA but no significant increase in the mature BDNF protein content was found in all the studied areas. Interestingly, an increase in the content of proBDNF was detected in the NAcc for both treatments. Further research is needed to understand the neurochemical bases of these changes, and to confirm their contribution to the anti-addictive properties of ibogaine.
Machine Learning for Acute Toxicity Prediction Using High-Throughput Enzyme-Reaction Chip
Authors: Duan Qiannan , Lee Jianchao , Gao Jinhong , Chen Jiayuan , Lian Yachao , Wang Zoudi , Wang Can , Xu Zhaoyi , Ren Juan , Bi Sifan
Published: October 2018

Machine learning (ML) has brought significant technological innovations in many fields, but it has not been widely embraced by most researchers of natural sciences to date. Traditional understanding and promotion of chemical analysis cannot meet the definition and requirement of big data for running of ML. Over the years, we focused on building a more versatile and low-cost approach to the acquisition of copious amounts of data containing in a chemical reaction. The generated data meet exclusively the thirst of ML when swimming in the vast space of chemical effect. As proof in this study, we carried out a case for acute toxicity test throughout the whole routine, from model building, chip preparation, data collection, and ML training. Such a strategy will probably play an important role in connecting ML with much research in natural science in the future.
The Nature of Ligand Efficiency
Authors: Kenny Peter
Published: October 2018

Ligand efficiency is a widely used design parameter in drug discovery. It is calculated by scaling affinity by molecular size and has a nontrivial dependency on the concentration unit used to express affinity that stems from the inability of the logarithm function to take dimensioned arguments. Consequently, perception of efficiency varies with the choice of concentration unit and it is argued that the ligand efficiency metric is not physically meaningful nor should it be considered to be a metric. The dependence of ligand efficiency on the concentration unit can be eliminated by defining efficiency in terms of sensitivity of affinity to molecular size and this is illustrated with reference to fragment-to-lead optimizations. An alternative to ligand efficiency for normalization of affinity with respect to molecular size is presented. Group efficiency and fit quality are also examined in detail from a physicochemical perspective. The importance of examining relationships between affinity and molecular size directly is stressed throughout this study.
A validity of phenomenological models of turbulence in experimental studies
Authors: Gorelik A. G. , Kolomiets S. F.
Published: October 2018

Estimates of the velocity of the chaotic medium motion using information of "narrow" spectral intervals of stationary random signals generated by the motion of such media on the sensors located at two points along the direction of medium motion are considered. The question about the physical meaning of the minimum spectral interval required for such measurements with a given accuracy is posed and discussed based on the main relations given in the article and formulated using the theory of homogeneous isotropic turbulence. It is shown, that within suggested relations the process of filtration may be described using a turbulent term and so the results of the filtration could be seen as a virtual turbulent dissipation. The latter allowed semiquantitatively describing the results of the numeric calculations presented in the article and forming the ways of the further development of the approach suggested which after appropriate updating might be called a "full filtered correlation analysis" (FFCA). In particular, a method of turbulent dissipation rate measurement by means of two (or more) filters with different bandpasses applied to signals in two points of cross-correlation measurements and an approach to the physically clear description of the optimal number of Fourier-terms in the representation of the signal passed the filter are outlined as well as the approach to a turbulence spectral shape evaluation. Apart from that, with the relations given in the article, the well-known fact that Doppler measurements are not applicable to the remote sensing with use of wideband signals as an information carrier as well as the reason why such measurements are applicable in the case of signals with narrow spectra receive its clear physical explanation. The latter allows forming the definition of a monochromatic signal as it is from the point of view of a cross-correlation analysis.
Immigration, Adoption, and the Permissibility of Excluding Newcomers by Birth
Authors: Carnes Thomas
Published: October 2018

A recent challenge to statist arguments defending the right of states to exclude prospective immigrants maintains that such statist arguments prove too much.  Specifically, the challenge argues that statist arguments, insofar as they are correct, entail that states may permissibily exclude current members' newcomers by birth, which seems to violate a widely held intuition that members' newcomers by birth ought automatically to be granted membership rights.  The basic claim is that statist arguments cannot account for the differntial treatment between prospective immigrants and newcomers by birth.  Call this the newcomer-by-birth objection.  This article rejects the newcomer-by-birth rejection.  It begins by sketching the precise extent to which the objection applies to statist arguments.  It then examines the case of newcomers by birth and argues for a principled basis for treating them differentially from prospective immigrants such that a right to exclude prospective immigrants need not entail a right to exclude newcomers by birth.  But this distinction holds only in most cases, not all, and therefore the newcomer-by-birth objection is not entirely defeated.  With respect to the cases in which the objection does hold, it is argued that such cases are morally akin to international adoption, and thus morally benign.  All considered, statist arguments easily survive the newcomer-by-birth objection.
Immigrant Selection, Health Requirements, and Disability Discrimination
Authors: MacKay Douglas
Published: October 2018

Australia, Canada, and New Zealand currently apply health requirements to prospective immigrants, denying residency to those with health conditions that are likely to impose an “excessive demand” on their publicly funded health and social service programs. In this paper, I investigate the charge that such policies are wrongfully discriminatory against persons with disabilities. I first provide a freedom-based account of the wrongness of discrimination according to which discrimination is wrong when and because it involves disadvantaging people in the exercise of their freedom on the basis of morally arbitrary features of their identity. Discrimination is permissible, I suggest, when it is necessary to advance a valuable exercise of the discriminating agent’s freedom. I then apply this account to the case of social cost health requirements. Against critics of these requirements, I argue that it is sometimes permissible for states to discriminate against prospective immigrants with disabilities. States may do so, I suggest, when such discriminatory treatment is necessary to prevent an increase in rates of mortality and/or morbidity amongst citizens. Alongside critics of social cost health requirements however, I argue that existing policies are likely a form of wrongful discrimination insofar as they are too broad to satisfy this standard.
Collaborative Strategic Reading in EFL Reading Classroom
Authors: Anggeraini Yentri , Novarita Novarita , Afifah Nurul
Published: October 2018

This study aims to find out whether the collaborative strategic reading can significantly improve the students` reading comprehension achievement and what the students` perceptions on the use of collaborative strategic reading in EFL reading classroom are. The result showed that collaborative strategic reading can significantly improve the students reading achievement. The paired sample test showed the comparison of pretest and posttest score displayed the difference between scores. The mean difference was 15.000 and the value of t-obtained was 7.301. It was identified that sig. (2-tailed) or p value (0.00) was less than alpha value (0.05).  The students` dominant perceptions on the use of collaborative strategic reading were: students can summarize the text easily after using collaborative strategic reading and they can answer the questions of the narrative text after using story grammar strategy, collaborative strategic reading allows the students to think critically and can guide them in comprehending the text.
Methodology and Criteria for Evaluating E-Services: The Case of Azerbaijan
Authors: Alguliyev Rasim , Yusifov Farhad , Gurbanli Aynur
Published: October 2018

The enhancement of evaluation methods and development of effective public administration mechanisms are crucial for providing effective e-government services. This article explores the international practice in the field of e-service evaluation. The organization and provision of e-services in government entities, as well as the evaluation regarding the organization and functioning of information systems are implemented by the “ASAN service” system in the Azerbaijan case. The evaluation of organization and functioning of e-services is conducted by considering three determined criteria: the level of digitalization and relevance, the level of information openness and accessibility, and the level of convenience of use. Evaluation of e-services allows for improving the level of services and the development of feedback mechanisms. Currently, much attention is focused on the development of citizen-centered services.
INFLUENCE OF SEX DIFFERENCES ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF DRUGS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF BIOEQUIVALENCE STUDIES OF GENERIC MEDICINAL PRODUCTS
Authors: Romodanovsky D. P. , Goryachev D. V. , Khokhlov A. L. , Miroshnikov A. E.
Published: October 2018

Background. Evidence of the effect of sex on the pharmacokinetics of drugs and, accordingly, on the clinical response is significantly accumulated, because of a growing number of clinical studies of the early development of original drugs, which include female subjects. The number of bioequivalence studies of replicated drugs involving both sexes is also growing. Of particular importance for the bioavailability of oral medications are differences in the anatomy and physiology of the digestive system. Along with this factor, the differences may be due to the dosage form of the reproduced drug, which may differ from that of the reference (original). The aim of the study was to identify the effect of sex differences on the pharmacokinetics of drugs and to propose an algorithm for assessing their detection. Materials and methods. The article presents a general analysis of the works devoted to the pharmacokinetics of medicines in men and women and includes literature data. Results. The main factors influencing the pharmacokinetics of drugs (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) are identified. Examples of medicinal products for which differences in pharmacokinetics in men and women are revealed are given. The article describes the main international requirements for conducting clinical trials and bioequivalence studies with regard to the choice of gender of subjects and their number to be included in the clinical study. It is suggested that there is a need to further study of the effect of sex differences on bioequivalence results in carrying out relevant studies. Conclusion. An algorithm for estimating the detection of sex differences and their effect on the results of bioequivalence studies of generic drugs is proposed.
MODERN METHODS OF TREATING DISEASES OF THE BULBO-MEMBRANOUS PART OF URETHRA
Authors: Vorobev V. A. , Beloborodov V. A.
Published: October 2018

Strictures of the bulbous-membranous urethra are a common cause of obstructive urination disorder. Modern trends in the development of medicine lead to a wider application of endoscopic method, a more frequent cause of iatrogenic injury of the urethra. At present, conservative, endourologic and reconstructive methods of care are used to treat urethral strictures. There are several conservative, endourological and reconstructive methods for treating patients with urethral stricture. Conservative methods include interventions that do not involve the destruction of urethral stricture or its reconstruction, such as stenting, blind dilatation, and recanalization of the urethra. Performing blind dilatation strictures of the bulbo-membranous urethra is not recommended because of the high risk of false path formation and low efficiency. Endourological operations refer to surgical methods of care and suggest the natural restoration of urethral tissues after the destruction of stricture. Because of the low effectiveness of correction of strictures of the posterior urethra (more than 90 % of relapses in five years), this method is a variant of temporary or palliative care. Currently, two approaches to the reconstruction of the bulbo-membranous urethra are used: anastomotic and replacement operations. Anastomotic surgery involves excision of the affected area and juxtaposition of healthy urethral tissues without tension. Replacement plastic allows to restore patency of the urethra by increasing the diameter of the lumen due to the implantation of various grafts. The article shows that, based on international clinical studies, the most effective method of reconstructing the bulbomembranous urethra is reconstructive surgical methods.
ACTION OF 1-VINYL-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE COPOLYMER WITH N-VINYLPIROLIDONE AND METAL-CONTAINING NANOCOMPOSITES ON FUNCTIONAL STATE OF PHAGOCYTIC CELLS
Authors: Dubrovina V. I. , Vityazeva S. A. , Korytov K. M. , Pyatidesyatnikova A. B. , Voytkova V. V. , Prozorova G. F. , Pozdnyakov A. S. , Ivanova A. A. , Balakhonov S. V.
Published: October 2018

The creation of immuno-biological drugs to increase the effectiveness of specific immunotherapy and immunoprophylaxis is a current trend in medicine to date. Therefore, the search and development of new safe and effective artificial bioorganic complexes (immunomodulators) capable of stimulating individual responses of immune system to reduce infectious morbidity is an important area of research. At the moment, such promising preparations can be considered water-soluble polymeric materials and organo-inorganic polymer nanocomposites with nanoparticles of various metals which possess immunomodulating and bactericidal properties. The study results of the effects of 1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole copolymer with N-vinylpyrrolidone and nanocomposites based on it with gold and silver nanoparticles on acute toxicity and functional state of immunophagocytic cells of experimental animals, as well as the production of IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-4 by human blood lymphocytes are represented in this article. It was established that the tested preparations do not cause increase in body temperature, decrease in mass and death of animals. It was shown that they also have the multidirectional action on cytokine production by human blood cells in vitro, the ability to increase activity of оxidative stress-related enzymes and antioxidant protection of phagocytes. The data obtained by us allow to explain the need for further investigation of the actions of nanocomposites and copolymer in vitro and in vivo.
INSOMNIA AND CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS OF MELATONIN IN MENOPAUSAL WOMEN
Authors: Semenova N. V. , Madaeva I. M. , Kolesnikova L. I.
Published: October 2018

The aim of the review is to analyze literature data about sleep homeostasis and the role of the one of circadian system key elements – melatonin – in the regulation of the sleep-wake cycle in women in menopause. It was shown that the prevalence and structure of sleep disorders depends on the menopausal phase. It was revealed that the melatonin content in the body, determined in various biological media (blood, saliva, urine), depends on age, sex, race, and chronotype. It was shown that morning melatonin can be used as a biological marker for determining the chronotype. Most studies indicated a decrease in melatonin level with aging. Moreover, women have lower melatonin level than men. In case of insomnia, lower melatonin level was found, although the results of the studies are ambiguous. The shift in the peak of hormone secretion in the early morning hours was described in menopausal women. Also, the dependence of melatonin circadian rhythm on the menopausal phase was revealed, which determines different approaches to insomnia therapy. We revealed the association of melatonin secretion circadian rhythms with Clock 3111T/C gene polymorphism in Caucasian patients with insomnia, which allows considering 3111T allele as risky in the formation of melatonin circadian rhythm disturbances in these patients.
Typology and Preventive Strategies of Accident in Technical College Workshops in Kwara and Kogi States
Authors: OGUNMOLA Abiodun E. , Adebola Helen
Published: October 2018

This study investigated the typology and preventive strategies of accidents in technical college workshops in Kwara and Kogi States. Three research questions were posed and two hypotheses were formulated for the study. A descriptive research design was employed. The area of the study was Kwara and Kogi states. A total of 793 technical teachers made up the population of the study, while stratified random sampling was used to select the sample which was 397. Research instrument was a questionnaire named ‘Questionnaire on Typology and Preventive Strategies of Accidents in Technical College Workshop (QTPSATCW)’. Three experts validated the instrument and a reliability test using Cronbach Alpha method yielded 0.92. Mean rating was used to answer the research questions while z-test at 0.05 level of significance was used to test the hypotheses. The findings among others revealed that cuts from sharp objects, scratches, crushing of the toe or heel by objects, piercing of foot or hand by sharp objects, eye injury, hitting/cutting of the finger with tools, burns from hot objects (e.g. oven, forge), fall from height and electric shock are some of the types of accidents that could occur in technical workshops in Kwara and Kogi States. There exists no significance difference in the mean ratings of male technical teachers and female technical teachers of strategies that could be adopted to prevent accidents in technical college workshops. Based on the findings, recommendations were made among which were that technical teachers should organize the workshop activities with good housekeeping and that government should ensure availability of training equipment in adequate quantity and quality to commensurate with students’ ratio in technical college workshops.
Acute Effect Of Active And Passive Static Stretching On Range Of Motion On Hip Joint Flexibility On Female Karate Athletes Of Muhammadiyah University Of Surakarta
Authors: Kusworo Young Ari , Kristiyanto Agus , Doewes Muchsin
Published: October 2018

Flexibility is an important component in Karate. Stretching is one way to improve the Range of Motion (ROM). Stretching static is one type of stretching that can be used. Long static stretching with low intensity is the safest form of stretching and gives significant results. The purpose of this study to determine: 1) Effect of active static stretching against on Hip joint ROM on female Karate athletes of UMS. 2) The effect of passive static stretching on hip joint ROM on female Karate athletes of UMS. 3) To know the effect of active and passive static stretching effect on Hip ROM on female Karate athletes of UMS.

The research used Quasi Experimental Research method. Sample of research are 10 female karate athletes of UMS. It has 2 free variables and 1 dependent variable. Data is numeric and analyzed with SPSS 20.0. The result of research are: 1) T test result show sig 0.000<0,05, hence show significant influence. 2). sig 0.000<0.05, then show a meaningful influence. 3) visible sig 0.024, so it can be concluded there is a significant effect difference between active and passive static stretching against ROM on  female karate athletes of  UMS.

From the results of this study can be concluded, 1) there is a significant effect between the giving of active static stretching to increase ROM of hip joint. 2) there was a significant effect between giving static passive stretching to increasing ROM of hip joint. 3) there is a difference significant effect between active and passive static stretching against increasing  ROM on hip joint.
The Relation Between The Workload Of Nurse Executor And Work Stress In The Hospital Ward Of RSUD Sleman
Authors: Syarifah Nur Yeti , Wicaksono Pandu
Published: October 2018

Background: Job stress on nurses can be caused by various factors, one of which is the workload of nurses. Nurse is a benchmark that determines the quality of hospital health services, especially in inpatient wards. 

Objective: To find out the relation between the workload of nurse executor and work stress in the hospital ward of RSUD Sleman. 

Method: The type of the research is an analytic descriptive with a cross sectional approach. Sampling technique: accidental sampling. Population 91 people. Data were taken using questionnaires.

Results: The results showed that nurse workload in the hospital ward of Sleman Hospital was in the light category, 40 people (59,7%) and nurse job stress were mostly in high category work stress as many as 39 people (58,2%).

Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between workload of nurse executor with work stress in the hospital ward of RSUD Sleman.
Hubungan Pemberian Susu Formula Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Bayi di Ruang Dahlia RSUD Dr. H. Soewondo Kendal
Authors: Widyaningsih Tri Sakti , Aini Dwi Nur , Ayu Ni Komang
Published: October 2018

Background: Diarrhea is an increase in the number, frequency,and fluidity (level of dilution) of feces.Diarrhea can be acute and chronic. Chronic diarrhea is usually caused by chronic conditions, such as lactose intolerance. Early formula feeding can cause diarrhea in infants. Phenomena that occurred in Dahlia Room RSUD Dr. H. Soewondo Kendal is a lot of moms give formula milk to their baby and have diarrhea. This research aims to the relationship of formula feeding with diarrhea occurrence in infants.

Method: The type of research is quantitative with cross sectional approach with accidental sampling sampling technique conducted on 26 mother giving formula milk and diarrhea in  Juli 2017. Data collection using formula feeding questionnaire with diarrhea occurrence.

Results: The results showed that 14 respondents 53.8% and high formula feeding were 12 respondent (42,6%). Responden with chronic diarrhea cases were 14 respondent (53,8%) and the incidence of acute diarrhea was 12 respondent (42,6%). The result of statistical test using chi square test with α = 0,05 is found that relationship between formula feeding with diarrhea occurrence in Dahlia Room RSUD Dr. H. Soewondo Kendal (p value = 0,045) with value X2 = 4,013.

Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between formula feeding and the incidence of diarrhea in the dahlia room RSUD Dr. H. Soewond Kendal.

Suggestion: Mother of a baby aged 0-6 months in Dahlia Room RSUD Dr. H. Soewondo Kendal, is expected to provide exclusive ASI without other complementary food.