bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chiral recognition of naproxen enantiomers using starch capped silver nanoparticles
Authors: Tashkhourian Javad , Afsharinejad Mina
Published: February 2016

A novel, simple and inexpensive method for the determination of naproxen enantiomers has been presented based on starch-capped Ag nanoparticles using the spectrophotometric technique.
All-graphene oxide device with tunable supercapacitor and battery behaviour by the working voltage
Authors: Ogata Chikako , Kurogi Ruriko , Hatakeyama Kazuto , Taniguchi Takaaki , Koinuma Michio , Matsumoto Yasumichi
Published: February 2016

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO)/GO/rGO structure operates as a supercapacitor until 1.2 V and as a battery at greater than 1.5 V.
Cisplatin encapsulation within a ferritin nanocage: a high-resolution crystallographic study
Authors: Pontillo Nicola , Pane Francesca , Messori Luigi , Amoresano Angela , Merlino Antonello
Published: February 2016

Cisplatin (CDDP) can be encapsulated within the central cavity of reconstituted (apo)ferritin, (A)Ft, to form a drug-loaded protein of potential great interest for targeted cancer treatments.
Dissolved chloride markedly changes the nanostructure of the protic ionic liquids propylammonium and ethanolammonium nitrate
Authors: Murphy Thomas , Callear Samantha K. , Warr Gregory G. , Atkin Rob
Published: February 2016

The bulk nanostructure of 15 mol% propylammonium chloride (PACl) dissolved in propylammonium nitrate (PAN) and 15 mol% ethanolammonium chloride (EtACl) in ethanolammonium nitrate (EtAN) has been determined using neutron diffraction with empirical potential structure refinement fits.
Neural networks applied to determine the thermophysical properties of amino acid based ionic liquids
Authors: Cancilla John C. , Perez Ana , Wierzchoś Kacper , Torrecilla José S.
Published: February 2016

A series of models based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been designed to estimate the thermophysical properties of different amino acid-based ionic liquids (AAILs).
Electrochemically induced sol–gel deposition of ZnO films on Pt-nanoparticle modified FTO surfaces for enhanced photoelectrocatalytic energy conversion
Authors: Gutkowski Ramona , Schuhmann Wolfgang
Published: February 2016

Integration of Pt-nanoparticles between ZnO used as a photo absorber and FTO results in higher IPCE values as compared to ZnO films deposited on unmodified FTO.
Recent highlights in mixed-coordinate oligophosphorus chemistry
Authors: Donath Maximilian , Hennersdorf Felix , Weigand Jan J.
Published: February 2016

This review aims to highlight and comprehensively summarize recent developments in the field of P–P bonded compounds with different bonding modes of the phosphorus atoms.
Facet-dependent catalytic activity of ZIF-8 nanocubes and rhombic dodecahedra based on tracing substrate diffusion in pores by SERS: a case study for surface catalysis of MOFs
Authors: Chen Liyong , Duan Binhua , Luo Qiong , Gu Zhizhi , Liu Jing , Duan Chunying
Published: February 2016

We employed ZIF-8 rhombic dodecahedra and nanocubes as catalysts to obtain insights into the surface catalysis of MOFs based on facet-dependent catalytic activity for Knoevenagel condensation.
Small-pore molecular sieves SAPO-57 and SAPO-59: synthesis, characterization, and catalytic properties in methanol-to-olefins conversion
Authors: Ahn Nak Ho , Seo Seungwan , Hong Suk Bong
Published: February 2016

The synthesis and characterization of SAPO-57 and SAPO-59, two new members of the ABC-6 family of zeolite structure, together with their methanol-to-olefins performance, are presented.
Sacrificial conversion of layered rare-earth hydroxide (LRH) nanosheets into (Y1−xEux)PO4 nanophosphors and investigation of photoluminescence
Authors: Wang Zhihao , Li Ji-Guang , Zhu Qi , Li Xiaodong , Sun Xudong
Published: February 2016

Sacrificial conversion of LRH nanosheets has led to (Y,Eu)PO4 red-emitting nanophosphors.
Spectroscopic, structural and computational analysis of [Re(CO)3(dippM)Br]n+ (dippM = 1,1′-bis(diiso-propylphosphino)metallocene, M = Fe, n = 0 or 1; M = Co, n = 1)
Authors: Furneaux Aliza G. , Piro Nicholas A. , Hernández Sánchez Raúl , Gramigna Kathryn M. , Fey Natalie , Robinson Michael J. , Kassel W. Scott , Nataro Chip
Published: February 2016

[Re(CO)3(dippf)Br]+: the first structurally characterized complex of a coordinated bis(phosphino)ferrocenium ligand.
Bismuth(iii)dichalcogenones as highly active catalysts in multiple C–C bond formation reactions
Authors: Srinivas Katam , Sathyanarayana Arruri , Naga Babu Chatla , Prabusankar Ganesan
Published: February 2016

Thirteen new bismuth(iii) dichalcogenone derivatives with diversified structural motifs were successfully isolated and used as potential catalysts for the synthesis of triaryl- or triheteroarylmethanes.
Highly integrated CO2capture and conversion: direct synthesis of cyclic carbonates from industrial flue gas
Authors: Barthel Alexander , Saih Youssef , Gimenez Michel , Pelletier Jérémie D. A. , Kühn F. E. , D'Elia Valerio , Basset Jean-Marie
Published: February 2016

The ability of early transition metal halides to capture and convert CO2from diluted gas flows has been exploited in the cycloaddition of CO2to epoxides using industrial flue gas as an impure source of CO2.
Application of stable isotopes and AF4/ICP-SFMS for simultaneous tracing and quantification of iron oxide nanoparticles in a sediment–slurry matrix
Authors: Meermann Björn , Wichmann Kristina , Lauer Franziska , Vanhaecke Frank , Ternes Thomas A.
Published: February 2016

A new analytical approach was developed by us allowing for unambiguous tracing and simultaneous quantification of Fe-oxide ENPs in the presence of a natural iron colloid matrix. The approach relies on isotope labeling of ENPs and reverse post-channel species-unspecific on-line isotope dilution in combination with AF4/ICP-SFMS.
Network-based methods for identifying critical pathways of complex diseases: a survey
Authors: Zhang Qiaosheng , Li Jie , Xue Hanqing , Kong Leilei , Wang Yadong
Published: February 2016

We review seven major network-based pathway analysis methods and enumerate their benefits and limitations from an algorithmic perspective to provide a reference for the next generation of pathway analysis methods.
Impact of water on the melting temperature of urea + choline chloride deep eutectic solvent
Authors: Meng Xiangqian , Ballerat-Busserolles Karine , Husson Pascale , Andanson Jean-Michel
Published: February 2016

The melting temperature of reline decreases linearly with the addition of water.
Synthesis of Fe2(MoO4)3/MoO3 heterostructured microrods and photocatalytic performances
Authors: Li Di , Xue Juanqin , Ma Jing , Tang Jieli
Published: February 2016

Fe2(MoO4)3/MoO3 heterostructured microrods had been synthesized by a simple calcination method in which the crystallization event of Fe2(MoO4)3 grew on the backbone of MoO3 single crystalline microrods.
Synthesis and spectroscopic properties of β,β′-dibenzo-3,5,8-triaryl-BODIPYs
Authors: Meng Qianli , Fronczek Frank R. , Vicente M. Graça H.
Published: February 2016

A series of symmetric and unsymmetric β,β′-dibenzo-3,5,8-triaryl-BODIPYs were synthesized and their spectroscopic properties were evaluated and compared.
Three-dimensional inverse design of nanopatterns with block copolymers and homopolymers
Authors: Xu Dan , Liu Hong , Zhu You-Liang , Lu Zhong-Yuan
Published: February 2016

We propose a facile inverse design strategy to generate 3D nanopatterns by using either block copolymers or a binary homopolymer blendviadissipative particle dynamics simulations.
Doping-free bandgap tuning in one-dimensional Magnéli-phase nanorods of Mo4O11
Authors: Pham Duy Van , Patil Ranjit A. , Lin Jin-Han , Lai Chien-Chih , Liou Yung , Ma Yuan-Ron
Published: February 2016

The graph shows that the bandgap (Eg) is inversely proportional to the temperature, and photographs in the insets display that the nanorods synthesized at a higher temperature are bluer.
Robust room temperature valley polarization in monolayer and bilayer WS2
Authors: Nayak Pramoda K. , Lin Fan-Cheng , Yeh Chao-Hui , Huang Jer-Shing , Chiu Po-Wen
Published: February 2016

Robust room temperature valley polarization in monolayer and bilayer WS2 using excitation slightly smaller than the ground state excitation energy.
DFT investigation of the ring contraction reaction of (η4-1,2-disilacyclohexadiene)iron tricarbonyls: a crucial intramolecular Si–Si bond activation
Authors: Lin Changzhi , Liu Qian , Zhang Yang , Liu Jie , Zheng Chenggang
Published: February 2016

The ring contraction reaction mechanism of (η4-1,2-disilacyclohexadiene)iron tricarbonyls: crucial intramolecular Si–Si bond activation.
Multifunctional electropolymerizable carbazole-based ionic liquids
Authors: Kirankumar Rajendranath , Tsuda Tetsuya , Chen Chih-Yao , Lu Chi-Yu , Kuwabata Susumu , Chen Po-Yu
Published: February 2016

Electropolymerizable carbazole-functionalized ionic liquids with adjustable properties (via changing counter anions) show interesting electrochemical, electrochromic, and solvatochromic behavior.
Self-assembly nanostructured gold for high aspect ratio silicon microstructures by metal assisted chemical etching
Authors: Romano L. , Kagias M. , Jefimovs K. , Stampanoni M.
Published: February 2016

Self-assembly Au nanostructures stabilize the catalyst during metal assisted chemical etching, improving the vertical profile of high aspect ratio Si dense micro-patterns on large area, such as diffraction gratings for X-ray phase contrast imaging.
Recyclable glucose-derived palladium(0) nanoparticles as in situ-formed catalysts for cross-coupling reactions in aqueous media
Authors: Camp Jason E. , Dunsford Jay J. , Dacosta Oliver S. G. , Blundell Rebecca K. , Adams James , Britton Joshua , Smith Robert J. , Bousfield Thomas W. , Fay Michael W.
Published: February 2016

Renewable sugar-derived palladium(0) nanoparticles (PdNPs) are effective as in situ formed catalysts for cross-coupling reactions in aqueous solutions.
Magnetic graphene-based cyanopropyltriethoxysilane as an adsorbent for simultaneous determination of polar and non-polar organophosphorus pesticides in cow’s milk
Authors: Nodeh Hamid Rashidi , Wan Ibrahim Wan Aini , Sanagi Mohd Marsin , Aboul-Enein Hassan Y.
Published: February 2016

A new adsorbent based on magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4), graphene and cyanopropyltriethoxysilane was fabricated and applied to the magnetic solid phase extraction of organophosphorus pesticides.
Solvent tunable photophysics of acridone: a quantum chemical perspective
Authors: Rai-Constapel Vidisha , Marian Christel M.
Published: February 2016

High-level electronic structure methods and quantum chemistry programs have been employed for a thorough investigation of the photophysics of acridone in isolated and solvated states.
Migration of phospholipid vesicles in response to OH−stimuli
Authors: Kodama Atsuji , Sakuma Yuka , Imai Masayuki , Oya Yutaka , Kawakatsu Toshihiro , Puff Nicolas , Angelova Miglena I.
Published: February 2016

Migration of phospholipid vesicles induced by micro-injection of NaOH.
Vapor deposition of a smectic liquid crystal: highly anisotropic, homogeneous glasses with tunable molecular orientation
Authors: Gómez Jaritza , Jiang Jing , Gujral Ankit , Huang Chengbin , Yu Lian , Ediger M. D.
Published: February 2016

Physical vapor deposition (PVD) has been used to prepare glasses of itraconazole, a smectic A liquid crystal.
Terbium doped ZnCr-layered double hydroxides with largely enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance
Authors: Fu Yi , Ning Fanyu , Xu Simin , An Hongli , Shao Mingfei , Wei Min
Published: February 2016

Tb3+doped ZnCr–LDHs have been synthesizedviaa facile co-precipitation method, which exhibit largely enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance.
The binary, ternary and quaternary mixture toxicity of benzo[a]pyrene, arsenic, cadmium and lead in HepG2 cells
Authors: Muthusamy Sasikumar , Peng Cheng , Ng Jack C.
Published: February 2016

The toxicity of multi-component mixtures of B[a]P and heavy metal/loid(s) was determined in HepG2 cells. Concentration dependent synergism, additivity or antagonism was predicted by the combination-index isobologram method.
Emerging techniques for ultrasensitive protein analysis
Authors: Yang Xiaolong , Tang Yanan , Alt Ryan R. , Xie Xiaoyu , Li Feng
Published: February 2016

This Minireview highlights the recent advances in developing novel techniques for ultrasensitive protein analysis.
Role of highly branched, high molecular weight polymer structures in directing uniform polymer particle formation during nanoprecipitation
Authors: Hatton Fiona L. , Chambon Pierre , Savage Alison C. , Rannard Steve P.
Published: February 2016

The presence of highly branched polymers with >100 conjoined primary chains is shown to induce a novel rapid nucleation and growth mechanism within polymer nanoprecipitation yielding functional, uniform nanoparticles without stabilisers, filtration or rapid mixing techniques.
Correction: Microwave gallium-68 radiochemistry for kinetically stable bis(thiosemicarbazone) complexes: structural investigations and cellular uptake under hypoxia
Authors: Alam Israt S. , Arrowsmith Rory L. , Cortezon-Tamarit Fernando , Twyman Frazer , Kociok-Köhn Gabriele , Botchway Stanley W. , Dilworth Jonathan R. , Carroll Laurence , Aboagye Eric O. , Pascu Sofia I.
Published: February 2016

Correction for ‘Microwave gallium-68 radiochemistry for kinetically stable bis(thiosemicarbazone) complexes: structural investigations and cellular uptake under hypoxia’ by Israt S. Alam et al., Dalton Trans., 2016, 45, 144–155.
Reversible morphological changes of assembled supramolecular amphiphiles triggered by pH-modulated host–guest interactions
Authors: Olson M. A. , Messina M. S. , Thompson J. R. , Dawson T. J. , Goldner A. N. , Gaspar D. K. , Vazquez M. , Lehrman J. A. , Sue A. C.-H.
Published: February 2016

Acid–base modulated host–guest binding at the micellar–water interface triggers reversible oblate ellipsoid-to-lamellar morphological transitions revealing the relationship between and morphology.
Tuning the growth, crosslinking, and gating effect of disulfide-containing PGMAs on the surfaces of mesoporous silica nanoparticles for redox/pH dual-controlled cargo release
Authors: Zhou Hang , Wang Xin , Tang Jun , Yang Ying-Wei
Published: February 2016

PGMA brushes grown on MSN surfaces via SI-ATRP could be cross-linked by cystamine or through a KI/H2O2 (30%) assisted disulfide bond exchange to realize gating effects for redox/pH dual-controlled cargo release.
Palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative ortho-aroylation of N-acetyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines with α-oxoarylacetic acids
Authors: Han Lu , Wang Yahui , Song He , Han Huatao , Wang Lulu , Chu Wenyi , Sun Zhizhong
Published: February 2016

A mild and efficient palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative ortho-aroylation of N-acetyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolines with α-oxoarylacetic acids via C–H bond activation is described. This protocol provides access to a series of C8-aroyl terahydroquinolines.
Strong optical limiting behavior discovered in black phosphorus
Authors: Zhang Fang , Wu Zhixin , Wang Zhengping , Wang Duanliang , Wang Shenglai , Xu Xinguang
Published: February 2016

Black phosphorous (BP), the most thermodynamically stable allotrope of phosphorus, fills up the lacuna left by other two-dimensional materials with a band gap from 0.3 to 2 eV.
Security implications of simultaneous dynamic and leakage power analysis attacks on nanoscale cryptographic circuits
Authors: Yu Weize , Köse Selçuk
Published: February 2016

The implications of simultaneous differential power analysis (DPA) and leakage power analysis (LPA) attacks are investigated on nanoscale cryptographic circuits which employ dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) or aggressive voltage scaling techniques. As compared with individually performing a DPA or an LPA attack on the corresponding cryptographic circuits, the number of required plaintexts to disclose the key with a 0.9 success rate reduces by 93.5% (as compared with DPA attacks) and 93.06% (as compared with LPA attacks), respectively, when the variance of supply voltage is 0.0833 V2.
Optimal orthogonal subband fusion for online power system frequency estimation
Authors: Yang Bo , Peng Xiao Yu , Zheng Wen Feng , Liu Shan
Published: February 2016

A new algorithm for online power system frequency estimation is presented. The discrete power signal is decomposed into two subband signals by using a pair of orthogonal FIR filters. The frequency in each subband is measured quickly with three consecutive samples. Optimal estimation is achieved by fusing the measurements from the subbands based on a simple noise model. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified on simulated signals.
Low‐complexity variable loading for robust adaptive beamforming
Authors: Zhuang Jie , Ye Qian , Tan Qiushi , Ali Abdulrahman Hussein
Published: February 2016

Although the majority of the existing robust adaptive beamformers focus on how to choose an identical loading factor for all eigenvalues, relatively few investigations on variable loading (VL) have been conducted. A low‐complexity VL beamformer is proposed in which the beamformer weight vector is deliberately prevented from converging to the noise components. Then inspired by the traditional identical loading method, the loading factor can be set in an ad hoc manner. Numerical results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed beamformer relative to other existing approaches such as ‘identical diagonal loading’ and ‘robust Capon’ beamformers.
Picosecond laser ranging at wavelengths up to 2.4 μm using an InAs avalanche photodiode
Authors: Butera S. , Vines P. , Tan C.H. , Sandall I. , Buller G.S.
Published: February 2016

Time‐of‐flight measurements using pulsed laser illumination in the wavelength region between 1.3 to 2.37 μm have been demonstrated with an InAs avalanche photodiode (APD). InAs is photo‐sensitive at wavelengths up to 3.5 μm and with predominantly electron multiplication reducing detector noise, InAs APDs have clear potential for sensitive optical measurements of picosecond transients in the mid‐wave infrared. Laboratory‐based demonstrations of time‐of‐flight ranging using InAs APDs operated at room temperature is described.
Low‐power quadrature voltage‐controlled oscillator using current‐reuse and transformer‐based Armstrong topologies
Authors: Ryu H. , Ha K.W. , Baek D.
Published: February 2016

A new low‐power current‐reuse quadrature voltage‐controlled oscillator (QVCO) is proposed. The proposed QVCO couples two complementary current‐reuse Armstrong voltage‐controlled oscillators (VCOs) using series coupling switches. The current‐reuse technique reduces the power consumption, and the transformer‐based Armstrong configuration improves the phase noise performance by increasing the negative Gm of the VCO core. The proposed QVCO consumes 2.46 mW of power at 8.71 GHz from a 1.1 V supply. The measured phase noise is −113.3 dBc/Hz at the offset frequency of 1 MHz, and the figure of merit is −188.2 dBc/Hz. The frequency tuning range is from 8.34 to 9.13 GHz. The chip area is 700 × 340 μm2 in a 0.13 μm CMOS process.
Broadband rotational symmetry circularly polarised antenna
Authors: Xu Rui , Li Jian‐ying , Wei Kun , Yang Guang‐wei
Published: February 2016

A new broadband circularly polarised printed antenna is proposed. This antenna is evolved from a bow‐tie dipole antenna, which have wideband impendence bandwidth (IBW). It uses a configuration of rotational symmetry dipole structure to be radiators. This rotational symmetry structure makes the surface currents to produce a circular polarisation wave. The simulation and measurement results are very consistent. The results show good performance of IBW is ∼140.6% (1.91–10.95 GHz) for S11<−10 dB, 3 dB axial‐ratio bandwidth is ∼96.6% (3.70–10.62 GHz).
Precoder‐and‐receiver design scheme for multi‐user coordinated multi‐point in LTE‐A and fifth generation systems
Authors: Xu Datong , Ren Pinyi , Sun Li , Song Houbing
Published: February 2016

Coordinated multi‐point (CoMP) techniques can be utilised in several wireless systems, such as LTE‐A and fifth generation. However, inter‐user interferences (IEIs) and intra‐user interferences (IAIs) may degrade the quality of service in joint transmission (JT), CoMP systems. To suppress these interferences, the authors design an interference mitigation scheme via interference alignment (IA) and channel diagonalisation (IMS‐IACD), which is implemented through a local two‐step precoder‐and‐receiver design process. First, IA is employed to force the IEIs of each user into the interfering space. Second, the IAIs of each user are effectively suppressed by channel diagonalisation with a selective method. Performance analyses show that the IMS‐IACD is feasible in general JT scenarios. The IMS‐IACD does not contain any iterative process and superabundant information interaction. The structure of receiver generated by the authors’ channel diagonalisation method is quite simple, so the energy consumption can be saved by using this receiver. Moreover, computational complexities of the IMS‐IACD and traditional schemes are in the same order of magnitude, and simulation results illustrate that the IMS‐IACD improves the bit error rates and data rates for users.
Performance analysis of differential chaos shift keying modulation with transmit antenna selection
Authors: Kumar Atul , Sahu Pravas Ranjan
Published: February 2016

Differential chaos shift keying (DCSK) modulation‐based transmit antenna selection (TAS) schemes are proposed to reduce the effect of signal fading with less hardware complexity at the receiver. The transmitter adopts DCSK modulation and employs multiple antennas, whereas the receiver can have single/multiple antennas. On the basis of receiver structure/specifications some TAS schemes are presented. In particular, for multiple transmit antennas and single receive antenna system DCSK‐TAS scheme is proposed and for multiple transmit and multiple receive antenna system, two schemes, i.e. DCSK‐joint antenna selection and DCSK‐TAS/equal gain combining (DCSK‐TAS/EGC), are proposed. The probability of error of the proposed schemes is numerically evaluated in the presence of perfect feedback and feedback error in Nakagami‐m fading channels. The proposed schemes completely outperform the conventional DCSK scheme with one transmit and one receive antenna. The results show that the DCSK‐TAS/EGC has the best error performance among the proposed schemes. Throughput of the proposed schemes is also presented and compared. The error performance of the proposed schemes are numerically evaluated and plotted for the parameters of interest. The simulation results verify the theoretical results.
Stabilisation of switched positive systems with actuator saturation
Authors: Wang Juan , Zhao Jun
Published: February 2016

This study focuses on the stabilisation problem of switched positive systems with actuator saturation. Through multiple linear co‐positive Lyapunov functions, the two cases of time‐dependent switching and state‐dependent switching are investigated for the first time. Sufficient conditions for stabilisation of the system are proposed under the state feedback controllers. In addition, the convex hull technique is employed to deal with actuator saturation. Finally, an application of the obtained results to the control of aero engines is proposed to demonstrate the validity.
Stability analysis of two‐dimensional switched non‐linear continuous‐time systems
Authors: Huang Shipei , Xiang Zhengrong
Published: February 2016

This study addresses the problem of stability analysis of two‐dimensional (2‐D) switched non‐linear continuous‐time systems based on the Roesser model. First, two sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability of 2‐D switched non‐linear systems are established via the methods of common Lyapunov function and multiple Lyapunov functions, respectively. Then, the definitions of dwell time and average dwell time in one‐dimensional switched systems are extended to the 2‐D case, a stability criterion is proposed for the 2‐D switched non‐linear system with average dwell time switching. Finally, three numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.
Simultaneous stabilisation for distributed networked multimode control systems with multiple packet dropouts
Authors: Zhu Yanfei , Yang Fuwen , Han Qing‐Long
Published: February 2016

This study is concerned with the simultaneous H∞ stabilisation problem for a physically interconnected large‐scale system working in multiple operation modes. A distributed networked control framework is developed. The network‐based distributed DOF controllers are designed, which use not only the local measurements but also the neighbouring controllers' broadcasts. The designed controllers guarantee the mean‐square stability of the large‐scale system in multiple operation modes, and achieve the prescribed H∞ disturbance attenuation level. Furthermore, the consecutive packet dropouts that occur in multiple communication channels (from the local sensor to the local controller, from the neighbouring controllers to the local controller, and from the local controller to the local actuator) are considered. Based on a stochastic control approach and an orthogonal complement space technique, a sufficient condition for the existence of the simultaneous H∞ stabilisation controllers is provided, and a parameterisation of the controller gains is derived. An iterative LMI algorithm is established to seek a feasible solution. Finally, a numerical simulation example is exploited to illustrate the validity of the proposed scheme.
Distributed quantised consensus in groups of agents with acceleration‐like inputs: a reference model‐based scheme
Authors: Rong Lina , Shen Hao , Li Jianzhen
Published: February 2016

This study investigates the second‐order consensus problem in directed networks where the agents are governed by sampled‐data dynamics with acceleration‐like inputs. A distributed reference model‐based approach is adopted to avoid using the global information of eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix associated with the communication graph. First, the consensus via real‐valued communication is studied and it is shown that the consensus can be achieved under the adopted protocol with appropriate parameters. Next, the quantisation effects in system performances are discussed based on the obtained parameter conditions, it is proved that the quantised consensus can be achieved under the proposed protocols. Two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the theoretical results.
Optimal trajectory planning and tracking control method for overhead cranes
Authors: Chen He , Fang Yongchun , Sun Ning
Published: February 2016

In this study, a novel time‐optimal off‐line trajectory planning method, together with a tracking controller, is proposed for a two‐dimensional (2D) underactuated overhead crane. Specifically, based on the differential flatness technique, a flat output of the system is firstly defined to deal with the coupling between the payload swing and trolley motion, whose trajectory is parameterised to be a B‐spline curve with unknown parameters when considering the continuity and smoothness requirements. Various constraints, including swing bound, allowable trolley acceleration, and so on, are then taken into consideration to convert the parameters determination task into an optimisation problem, with the solution employed to construct a high‐efficient trolley trajectory with an analytical expression. To enhance tracking performance, a non‐linear tracking control law is subsequently designed based on the feedback linearisation technique, whose performance is ensured with theoretical analysis. Finally, some simulation and experimental results are included to demonstrate that the proposed trajectory planning/tracking scheme achieves satisfactory performance for underactuated cranes.
State estimation for networked systems with a Markov plant in the presence of missing and quantised measurements
Authors: Niu Yingjun , Dong Wei , Ji Yindong
Published: February 2016

This study is concerned with the problem of state estimation for networked systems with a Markov plant considering the measurement uncertainties. The measurements suffer from both the randomly occurring missing phenomenon and the quantisation effects. Taking into account the statistical knowledge of the quantised measurements, an approximate minimum mean square error estimate algorithms is derived based on Gaussian assumption, which is referred to as interacting multiple model Monte Carlo (IMMMC) algorithm. A quantised measurement expectation calculated by Monte Carlo sampling method is embedded into the Kalman filter under the IMM framework. A simulation example is provided demonstrating that IMMMC is computationally appealing and presents better estimate performance than the previous algorithms. Moreover, IMMMC has better mode following ability and can clearly distinguish the occurrence of measurements missing.
Adaptive fault‐tolerant control for affine non‐linear systems based on approximate dynamic programming
Authors: Fan Quan‐Yong , Yang Guang‐Hong
Published: February 2016

This study investigates the fault‐tolerant control problem for affine nonlinear systems with time‐varying actuator gain and bias faults. In order to handle the actuator faults and guarantee the approximate optimal performance of the nominal non‐linear dynamics, the approximate dynamic programming method is used to design a sliding mode fault‐tolerant control policy. First, the actuator faults are estimated using a disturbance observer and a novel adaptive scheme. Based on the fault estimations, an integral sliding function is constructed and the reachability condition is derived. Then, an actor–critic algorithm with new weight tuning laws is given to learn the bounded nearly optimal control policy for the nominal dynamics. The convergence of the neural network weights is presented based on a Lyapunov analysis method. Finally, the simulation results are given to verify the efficacy of the developed method.
Load following mechanism and power flow algorithm under generator rotor angle control mode
Authors: Wei Qiang , Han Xueshan , Guo Weimin , Yang Ming , Liu Guojing
Published: February 2016

Recently, a new strategy that controls generator rotor angle has appeared. The new control strategy can suppress inter‐area low‐frequency oscillations effectively without the help of any remote signal. It can also improve transient stability. This paper investigates the load balancing mechanism after rotor angle controllers are deployed. Analysis shows that the primary frequency control and automatic generation control currently used can be fulfilled in a new manner under this new control strategy. The generators can follow load demands quickly and precisely without the intervention of a dispatching centre. Consequently, the task of frequency control may be separated from the dispatching centre since the new control strategy is essentially decentralised and autonomous. Moreover, a load variation will be distributed to all generators that run in fix angle mode according to their distance from the load. Though power flow calculation is not needed during this process, it can be used to obtain generator outputs for any set of rotor angle aim values after loads change. Since generator rotor angle and the terminal bus voltage are given as inputs, the traditional Newton–Raphson method must be modified before it can be used. Those modifications and some extra steps with generator output limits are also given.
Diagnosis of single‐phase open‐line fault in three‐phase PWM rectifier with LCL filter
Authors: Wu Fengjiang , Sun Dongyang , Duan Jiandong
Published: February 2016

In this study, the transient process when the single‐phase open‐line fault (SPOLF) occurs in the three‐phase AC–DC pulse width modulation rectifier with LCL filter (LCL‐PWMR) is theoretically analysed for the first time and the corresponding diagnosis scheme is proposed. First, the equivalent circuit of the LCL‐PWMR is built and the detected phase voltage (DPV) detected by the three‐phase grid voltage sensors under fault conditions are derived in s‐domain. The result shows that the DPV in the open‐line phase is not equal to zero, while consists of a fundamental component plus a resonant component with specific frequency. Furthermore, a diagnosis scheme for the SPOLF based on 2‐order band‐pass filter (BPF) connected in series with enhanced phase‐locked loop (EPLL) is proposed. BPF is used to eliminate the fundamental component of the sum of three‐phase DPVs and EPLL to estimate the amplitude of resonant component. Then the SPOLF can be detected when the amplitude of resonant component is beyond the allowed threshold. Furthermore, the adaptability of the proposed diagnosis scheme for the system with different rated power is verified theoretically. Detailed simulations tests based on Matlab/Simulink software and experimental tests are carried out to demonstrate the validity of the theoretical analysis and feasibility of the proposed diagnosis scheme.
New approach to improve sensitivity of differential and restricted earth fault protections for industrial transformers
Authors: Ghanbari Teymoor , Samet Haidar , Ghafourifard Javad
Published: February 2016

Differential relays are the main protection for power transformers including transmission and industrial transformers. Protection against internal fault is generally relegated to these relays. The most probable internal fault of the industrial transformer is phase to ground type. To limit the fault current in this condition, a limiter resistor is utilised in the transformer. However, it has considerable impact on sensitivity of the differential and restricted earth fault (REF) protections. In this study, an effective approach is proposed to improve the differential and REF protections sensitivity of the industrial transformers. The proposed technique not only realises the fault current limitation function, but preserves sensitivity of the protections. In this method, a developed fault current limiter is utilised in the transformer neutral instead of the neutral grounding resistor. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated by some simulations and experiments. The results confirm the high capability of the proposed technique in different conditions.
Fast coding unit selection and motion estimation algorithm based on early detection of zero block quantified transform coefficients for high‐efficiency video coding standard
Authors: Kibeya Hassan , Belghith Fatma , Ben Ayed Mohammed Ali , Masmoudi Nouri
Published: February 2016

High‐efficiency video coding (HEVC) is the newest video coding standard developed by the joint video team, consisting of ITU‐T video coding experts group and ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group. The HEVC standard has aggregated an exhaustive algorithm for mode decision based on a recursive quad‐tree structured coding tree block. Moreover, several specific features have been incorporated into the motion estimation (ME) process to improve its coding efficiency. However, they resulted in very high computational complexity. To accelerate the encoding process, fast mode decision algorithms for the partitioning module and also for the ME module were proposed in this study. These algorithms are based on early zero block detection technique. To improve the efficiency of these algorithms, an overall algorithm which combines the two techniques has been implemented. The performance of the proposed algorithm was checked through a comparative analysis in terms of encoding time and compression rate. Compared to HEVC test model 10.0, the authors’ proposed algorithms bring a great reduction of the HEVC complexity encoder with a saving time, which can reach 25% in average for different tested videos and a slight coding loss in terms of image quality and compression rate.
Objectness to assist salient object detection
Authors: Sun Xiaoliang , Su Ang , Chen Shengyi , Yu Qifeng , Liu Xiaolin
Published: February 2016

When dealing with salient object that contains several regions with different appearances, salient object detection can be a difficult task as often only parts of the salient object are highlighted and consistency between the salient regions is poor. This study tackles this problem by introducing objectness to assist the salient object detection. Rather than treating objectness in the same manner as other low‐level cues (e.g. uniqueness, location etc.) for the determination of regional saliency values, the authors emphasise that objectness should also play a significant role in tuning the consistency between salient regions. The authors integrate objectness, uniqueness and centre bias to find potential salient regions and then enforce consistency between these regions using a full‐connected Gaussian Markov random field with the weights determined by the objectness score. Experimental results on public benchmark datasets indicate that the authors’ method performs well on many images which cannot be well detected traditionally.
Deception jamming method based on micro‐Doppler effect for vehicle target
Authors: Shi Xiao‐ran , Zhou Feng , Zhao Bo , Tao Ming‐liang , Zhang Zi‐jing
Published: February 2016

Ground moving target is the main concern for ground surveillance radar. To protect the manoeuvring target from being detected by radar, some jamming technologies are utilised. In this study, a novel method of deception jamming for vehicle target against continuous wave ground surveillance radar is proposed. Traditional jamming method only considers the translation information. However, for vehicle target, micro‐motion is obvious in some looking‐angle and serves as an important property for target identification. Therefore, in this study, besides of the translational motion, the micro‐Doppler (m‐D) effect is also considered in the jamming modulation. The inclusion of the m‐D signature improves the fidelity and effectiveness of the jamming result. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Fundamental current phasor tracking using discrete Fourier transform extraction of Rogowski coil signal
Authors: Elkalashy Nagy I. , Kawady Tamer A. , Esmail Ehab M. , Taalab Abdel‐Maksoud I.
Published: February 2016

This study presents an efficient current tracking method of power frequency signals using Rogowski coil. To compensate the output voltage of the Rogowski coil, a direct and simplified digital compensation technique is proposed to reconstruct the input current. Different high‐frequency reconstructing techniques are used to emphasise estimating and reforming the fundamental input current from Rogowski coil output. Then, a new method is presented for extracting the fundamental current phasors from the Rogowski coil by processing its terminal voltage using the discrete Fourier transform. For experimental evaluation, a digital signal processing board‐based test setup is utilised. For the simulation study, accurate Rogowski coil modelling in alternative transients programme–electromagnetic transients programme is developed to evaluate the proposed method under special testing conditions concerning step change and DC decay. The results validate the efficacy of the proposed method in power frequency tracking for metering and protective relaying purposes.
Range‐parameterised orthogonal simplex cubature Kalman filter for bearings‐only measurements
Authors: Wu Hao , Chen Shuxin , Yang Binfeng , Luo Xi
Published: February 2016

In this study, a non‐linear filter named the range‐parameterised orthogonal simplex cubature Kalman filter (RPOSCKF) is proposed to further improve the accuracy of bearings‐only tracking. The filter combines the simplex spherical radial numerical rule with an orthogonal method, and thus the standard cubature points are transformed into the orthogonal simplex cubature points (OSCPs). It is proved that the filter using the OSCPs can tune the high order terms of the highly non‐linear measurement function and therefore alleviate problems due to the non‐local sampling effects. On the other hand, the fuzzy initial estimation problem is handled by an improved range‐parameterised (IRP) strategy. The IRP strategy divides the filter into some weighted orthogonal simplex CKFs each with different initial estimate, where the initial weights are based on the length of the estimate interval. Also, the sub‐filters with small updated weights will be removed and the computational complexity can be reduced. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm provides improved performance over the conventional algorithms.
Asynchronism of ice shedding from the de‐iced conductor based on heat transfer
Authors: Yaoxuan Wang , Xingliang Jiang , Songhai Fan , Zhigao Meng
Published: February 2016

When overhead line is de‐iced using Joule‐effect heating, which is one of the main methods for resisting ice disasters in cold regions, the ice layer on the conductor will always be shed by section. However, the asynchoronism of ice shedding based on heat transfer is ignored in almost all ice melting models of de‐iced conductors. On the basis of an ice‐melting simulation of a three‐dimensional model of a de‐iced conductor, the effects of wind velocity and ambient temperature on the asynchoronism of ice shedding is analysed with the experimental results from a natural icing station. The influence of the two factors on the allowable current of de‐iced is also discussed. The variation of wind velocity along the de‐iced conductor is considered as the cause of the asynchoronism of ice shedding. The ice shedding rate is higher with lower wind velocity or higher ambient temperature. The relationships between the allowable current and wind velocity or ambient temperature are segmented, which could be a reference to the ice melting conducted by Joule‐effect methods.
Avaliação nutricional de gestantes sob acompanhamento em serviços de pré-natal distintos: a região metropolitana e o ambiente rural
Authors: Teixeira Caroline San Severino , Cabral Antônio Carlos Vieira
Published: February 2016

Objetivo Verificar diferenças em alguns aspectos nutricionais de gestantes acompanhadas em serviço de atenção pré-natal em uma cidade do interior e na região metropolitana.

Métodos Foram avaliadas gestantes em atendimento pré-natal na cidade de Belo Horizonte (BH), região metropolitana, e Paula Cândido (PC), interior de MG. Aplicou-se um Questionário de Frequência Alimentar (QFA) contendo informações socioeconômicas e sobre o hábito alimentar, além disso, foram aferidos peso e altura no momento do atendimento e questionado o peso pré-gestacional, para posterior cálculo do IMC (índice de massa corpórea). A análise dos dados foi dividida por região e trimestre gestacional, utilizando o software SPSS versão 15.0, teste t para comparação de médias e qui-quadrado de independência, com 5% de significância.

Resultados Foram incluídas 240 gestantes, sendo 90 do interior e 150 da região metropolitana. Destas, a maioria são casadas (BH = 56,6%; PC = 46,6%), não trabalham fora de casa (BH = 54,6%; PC = 84,4%), predominantemente se alimentam 3 a 4 vezes ao dia no 1° e 2° trimestre (BH = 54,0 e 46,0%; PC = 66,7 e 63,3%, respectivamente) e fazem 5 a 6 refeições ao dia no 3° trimestre em BH (44%). Houve ganho de peso significativo somente no 1° trimestre (BH: 58,0%; PC: 53,33%). Ganho de peso versus hábito alimentar foi significativo para as variáveis “almoça ou janta fora de casa,” no 1° trimestre BH (p = 0,006); “quantas vezes consome leite,” no 1° trimestre PC(p = 0,03); “quantas vezes consome fastfood,” no 3° trimestre BH (p = 0,009).

Conclusões As gestantes em ambas regiões se alimentam de forma adequada, apesar da prevalência de sobrepeso pré-gestacional em BH e baixo nível de escolaridade e renda, principalmente no interior, indicador que pode ser pouco favorável à nutrição das gestantes neste período. Estudos de associação entre hábito alimentar e saúde do recém-nascido irão contribuir para maiores informações sobre a nutrição no período gestacional.
An A-theory without tense operators
Authors: Sullivan Meghan
Published: February 2016

A-theorists think there is a fundamental difference between the present and other times. This concern shows up in what kinds of properties they take to be instantiated, what objects they think exist and how they formalize their views. Nearly every contemporary A-theorist assumes that her metaphysics requires a tense logic – a logic with operators like(‘it was the case that...’) and(‘it will be the case that...’). In this paper, I show that there is at least one viable A-theory that does not require a logic with tense operators. And I will argue that three common indispensability arguments for tense operators are unsound.
Mechanisms underlying astringency: introduction to an oral tribology approach
Authors: Upadhyay Rutuja , Brossard Natalia , Chen Jianshe
Published: February 2016

Astringency is one of the predominant factors in the sensory experience of many foods and beverages ranging from wine to nuts. The scientific community is discussing mechanisms that explain this complex phenomenon, since there are no conclusive results which correlate well with sensory astringency. Therefore, the mechanisms and perceptual characteristics of astringency warrant further discussion and investigation. This paper gives a brief introduction of the fundamentals of oral tribology forming a basis of the astringency mechanism. It discusses the current state of the literature on mechanisms underlying astringency describing the existing astringency models. The review discusses the crucial role of saliva and its physiology which contributes significantly in astringency perception in the mouth. It also provides an overview of research concerned with the physiological and psychophysical factors that mediate the perception of this sensation, establishing the ground for future research. Thus, the overall aim of the review is to establish the critical roles of oral friction (thin-film lubrication) in the sensation of astringency and possibly of some other specific sensory features.
Water based, solution-processable, transparent and flexible graphene oxide composite as electrodes in organic solar cell application
Authors: Lima L F , Matos C F , Gonçalves L C , Salvatierra R V , Cava C E , Zarbin A J G , Roman L S
Published: February 2016

In this work we propose an easy method to achieve a conductive, transparent and flexible graphene oxide (GO)-based composite thin film from an aqueous dispersion. We investigated the blend ratio between GO and the conjugated polymer poly(3,4–ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) by comparing the thin film optical transmittance, sheet resistance, morphology and mechanical stability. It was found that reasonable values of transmittance and resistivity coupled with its excellent flexibility – the conductivity remains almost the same even after 1000 bends cycles – make this composite very attracting for flexible optoelectronic applications. Thus, these films were used as transparent electrodes in a bilayer structured organic solar cell and the device architecture PET/GO:PEDOT/F8T2/C60/Al could reach a power conversion efficiency around 1.10%. This result presents a better performance compared with pristine PEDOT produced with similar parameters.