bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A conversion guide: solar irradiance and lux illuminance
Authors: Michael Peter R. , Johnston Danvers E. , Moreno Wilfrido
Published: December 2020

The standard for measuring solar irradiance utilizes the units of watts per meter squared (W/m2). Irradiance meters are both costly and limited in the ability to measure low irradiance values. With a lower cost and higher sensitivity in low light conditions, light meters measure luminous flux per unit area (illuminance) utilizing the units of lumens per meter squared or lux (lx). An effective conversion factor between W/m2 and lx would enable the use of light meters to evaluate photovoltaic performance under low solar irradiance conditions. A survey of the literature found no definitive and readily available “rule of thumb” conversion standard between solar irradiance and illuminance. Easy-to-find Internet sources contain conflicting and widely varying values ranging from 688449 to 21000 lx for 1000 W/m2 (1 Sun) of solar irradiance. Peer-reviewed literature contains Luminous Efficacy equivalent values ranging from 21 to 131 lx per W/m2. This manuscript explores the relationship and establishes a theoretical and laboratory measurement guide for the conversion between solar irradiance and illuminance. The conversion factor includes standards data, equipment calibration accuracy, and uncertainty estimates. Solar Irradiance of 1 Sun (1000 W/m2) for an LED-based solar simulator is (116 ± 3) klx and (122 ± 1) klx for outdoor sunlight.
Damping estimation of a pedestrian footbridge – an enhanced frequency-domain automated approach
Authors: Bhowmik Basuraj , Hazra Budhaditya , O’Byrne Michael , Ghosh Bidisha , Pakrashi Vikram
Published: December 2020

Real-time estimates of natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping of a structural system can be interpreted to its structural health. In this regard, real-time estimation of damping ratios for full-scale structures can be useful by itself or in conjunction with real-time estimates of natural frequencies. Such estimates also allow for continuous health monitoring. This paper demonstrates an approach of assessing real-time damping in full scale bridges and demonstrates this on one of the iconic steel bridges in Ireland, the Daly’s “Shaky” bridge. This is the only suspension bridge in the city of Cork, Ireland and renowned in popular culture for its lively behaviour. From existing vibration data evaluated from an image processing technique, the damping estimates of the Daly’s bridge are evaluated based on an automated enhanced frequency domain decomposition (AE-FDD) technique. The method provides accurate estimates of natural frequencies and mode shapes and additionally yields the damping ratio corresponding to each vibration (and/or torsional) mode. This technique of real-time damping estimation can be easily adapted for other full-scale structures in an automated real-time framework.
Modanın Yaşama Sevinci Yaratma İşlevi: Théâtre de la Mode ve Le Mythe Dior
Authors: Yetmen Gözde
Published: December 2020

Modanın sanat ve sanatçılarla kurduğu ilişkiyi temel alan çalışma kapsamında; yaratıldıkları dönemin zorlu koşullarında toplumlara yaşama sevincini yeniden kazandırmaya yönelik tasarlanmış iki haute couture projesi incelenmektedir. Haute Couture’nin endüstri ve sanat arasındaki kavramsal konumu tartışıldıktan sonra moda-sanat iş birliği; İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonraki dönemin sembolü “Théâtre de la Mode” Sergisi (1945 - 1946) ve 2020 yılının Covid-19 Pandemisi sürecinde dijital ortamda “Le Mythe Dior” filmi ile sunulan Dior 2020-2021 Sonbahar/Kış Haute Couture koleksiyonu örnekleri bağlamında değerlendirilmektedir. Betimsel araştırma yöntemi kullanılan çalışmada bu projeler; moda kreasyonlarının uygulandıkları dönemlerin sosyal, ekonomik, teknolojik, kültürel dinamikleri neticesinde ortaya çıkan sanatsal nitelikteki sergilenme biçimleri açısından analiz edilmektedir. Bu koleksiyonlar ve moda sunumlarında kullanılan sahne, dekor, set, film tasarımları ele alınarak; görsel (plastik) sanatlar, fonetik (işitsel) sanatlar, ritmik (dramatik) sanatlarla olan iş birlikleri açıklanmaktadır. Toplumlarda umuda ihtiyaç duyulan zamanlarda yaratılan söz konusu moda kreasyonlarının, tasarımları ve özgün sergilenme biçimlerinin estetik haz uyandıracak güzellikte sanatsal bir değer oluşturduğu bulgularına metin içinde yer verilmektedir. Yapılan araştırmada moda tasarımının giyim ihtiyacını karşılamasının ötesinde, tıpkı sanat gibi modanın da sergileri ile geleceğe dair umut verebilme gücü, hayatın güzelliklerini gösterebilme ve insanlara yaşama sevinci kazandırabilme işlevi sonuç olarak ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmaktadır.
Każde dziecko i każda jego cecha ma swoiste tempo rozwoju, modyfikowane przez warunki życia w danym okresie. (Raport 2 z dwuletnich comiesięcznych badań na Jukatanie w Meksyku)
Authors: Wolański Napoleon , Rojas Armando , Valentin Graciela , Siniarska Anna
Published: December 2020

In the first report, the specific monthly rate of changes of body build measures, typical for a studied group of youths and /or seasonal changes according to climatic conditions were not observed (Siniarska et al., 2005). The preliminary results suggested that observed changes rather depend on an adjustment to conditions and mode of life than to changes in nature. In the present report changes in particularly studied individuals were analyzed to verify the previous hypothesis suggesting that the rate of development has an immediate (causal) sense. The problem of whether the pubertal spurt is a single developmental effort or series of changes with dominance of intensified increments was considered. To explain the phenomenon of difference in onset of the pubertal spurt and its intensity in various populations, monthly measurements were conducted in individuals being at the age of puberty. The results show that each individual and its variable show a different rate of changes. It suggests that the rate of development and changes in body mass and fat mass are occasional. It rather depends on living conditions, mostly on nutrition and mode of life (physical activity and leisure). The only regularity shows that rather short (1-3 months) periods of rapid growth (saltations) are divided by slower growth periods (stasis), but their duration and time of occurrence have a very individual character. The rate and rhythm of each body build variables are also different. These phenomena depend rather on condition s in which the development of each individual occurs, as well as on its genetic predispositions and eco-sensitivity. It is probable, that differences in onset and intensity of pubertal spurt depend on alternations between periods of saltations and stasis of growth processes and on changes in body mass. These studies need to be repeated during a longer period of time (at least within a 5-year period ), in different climatic conditions and social groups.
Specyfika rozwoju osobniczego Homo sapiens na tle ssaków łożyskowych i Naczelnych
Authors: Kozieł Sławomir , Siniarska Anna
Published: December 2020

During ontogeny, there are many phenomena which significantly differentiate humans from other mammals, including Primates. The present considerations and analysis of regression applied for many species to illustrate allometric relations of developmental spurts of height and weight to final values of these parameters in adults, allow to compare processes of growth of Homo sapiens with other Primates and to submit the following results: In Homo sapiens, the maximal rate of growth in length and body mass exists at the prenatal period (during gestation), and after birth, it decelerates. In the evolution of human ontogeny, two new stages occurred: The first one is „childhood" which is manifested by slow body growth and intense brain development. The second one is named „adolescence" and includes pubertal spurt of many body variables. In Humans, as compare with other Primates, the infancy and juvenile stages had been shortened. Human puberty begins when the postnatal rate of growth in height and weight is the lowest since birth and there is a considerable delay in puberty and sexual maturation than in other Primates. The adolescent growth spurt shortens the time needed to reach sexual maturity, which could have been much longer as the result of a slow growth that childhood. Sexual dimorphism in the intensity of pubertal spurt of body mass is smaller in Humans than in other Primates. On the contrary,  sexual dimorphism in onset of puberty and growth rate in height at this stage is rather well manifested. The adolescent stage is divided into two parts because there is a delay of years between puberty and the onset of the adult reproductive stage of life.
Humanizacja w XXI wieku nowoczesnego podmiotu
Authors: Grochowska Irena
Published: December 2020

The crisis of sense, which affects us badly nowadays, causes us to reflect on and promote new solutions as well as create personalities fulfilling the requirements of the modern world. The answer requires a comprehensive analysis of the problem in order to present the integral vision of the man in the world. The attempt to shape the survival man and the features he should possess has its justification in the influence of the environment on the integral shaping of the man and his survival. The need for ecological reflection is caused by intensive changes in political and social life. The approach based on ecological space and eco-development requires a properly shaped and mature personality. In contemporary civilization obligations, jobs and responsibilities too often are beyond the capabilities of an individual person. The responsible, "auxiliary" functions require the integrally shaped person rather than learning the individual roles. Therefore, the important hierarchy in shaping the man has a considerable influence on the final effect, which is the "real" man. Education, formation, and then, on this foundation, training for particular roles and jobs taking into account the structure and condition of the man as well as all his internal and external conditions, may lead to the fully mature person, ready to undertake activities in agreement with the defined aims.
Basic Biology of Trypanosoma cruzi
Authors: Zuma Aline A. , dos Santos Barrias Emile , de Souza Wanderley
Published: December 2020

The present review addresses basic aspects of the biology of the pathogenic protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi and some comparative information of Trypanosoma brucei. Like eukaryotic cells, their cellular organization is similar to that of mammalian hosts. However, these parasites present structural particularities. That is why the following topics are emphasized in this paper: developmental stages of the life cycle in the vertebrate and invertebrate hosts; the cytoskeleton of the protozoa, especially the sub-pellicular microtubules; the flagellum and its attachment to the protozoan body through specialized junctions; the kinetoplast-mitochondrion complex, including its structural organization and DNA replication; glycosome and its role in the metabolism of the cell; acidocalcisome, describing its morphology, biochemistry, and functional role; cytostome and the endocytic pathway; the organization of the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex; the nucleus, describing its structural organization during interphase and division; and the process of interaction of the parasite with host cells. The unique characteristics of these structures also make them interesting chemotherapeutic targets. Therefore, further understanding of cell biology aspects contributes to the development of drugs for chemotherapy.
A Review on Biological Properties and Synthetic Methodologies of Diarylpentadienones
Authors: Abdullah Maryam Aisyah , Mohd Faudzi Siti Munirah , Nasir Nadiah Mad
Published: December 2020

Medicinal chemists have continuously shown interest in new curcuminoid derivatives,
diarylpentadienones, owing to their enhanced stability feature and easy preparation using
a one-pot synthesis. Thus far, methods such as Claisen-Schmidt condensation and Julia-
Kocienski olefination have been utilised for the synthesis of these compounds. Diarylpentadienones
possess a high potential as a chemical source for designing and developing new and
effective drugs for the treatment of diseases, including inflammation, cancer, and malaria. In
brief, this review article focuses on the broad pharmacological applications and the summary of
the structure-activity relationship of molecules, which can be employed to further explore the
structure of diarylpentadienone. The current methodological developments towards the synthesis
of diarylpentadienones are also discussed.
Helicobacter pylori Biofilm and New Strategies to Combat it
Authors: Moghadam Majid Taati , Chegini Zahra , Khoshbayan Amin , Farahani Iman , Shariati Aref
Published: December 2020

Helicobacter pylori, the most frequent pathogen worldwide that colonizes
around 50% of the world’s population, causes important diseases such as gastric
adenocarcinoma, chronic gastritis, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
(MALT) lymphoma. In recent years, various studies have reported that H. pylori biofilm
may be one of the critical barriers to the eradication of this bacterial infection. Biofilms
inhibit the penetration of antibiotics, increase the expression of efflux pumps and
mutations, multiple therapeutic failures, and chronic infections. Nanoparticles and
natural products can demolish H. pylori biofilm by destroying the outer layers and
inhibiting the initial binding of bacteria. Also, the use of combination therapies destroying
extracellular polymeric substances decreases coccoid forms of bacteria and degrading
polysaccharides in the outer matrix that lead to an increase in the permeability and
performance of antibiotics. Different probiotics, antimicrobial peptides, chemical
substances, and polysaccharides by inhibiting adhesion and colonization of H. pylori can
prevent biofilm formation by this bacterium. Of note, many of the above are applicable to
acidic pH and can be used to treat gastritis. Therefore, H. pylori biofilm may be one of
the major causes of failure to eradication of infections caused by this bacterium, and
antibiotics are not capable of destroying the biofilm. Thus, it is necessary to use new
strategies to prevent recurrent and chronic infections by inhibiting biofilm formation.
N-glycan Analysis in Molecular Medicine: Innovator and Biosimilar Protein Therapeutics
Authors: Borza Beata , Hajba Laszlo , Guttman Andras
Published: December 2020

The market segment of new biological drugs (monoclonal antibodies, fusion
proteins, antibody-drug conjugates, and new modality protein therapeutics) is rapidly
growing, especially after the patent expiration of the original biologics, initiating the
emergence of biosimilars. N-glycosylation of therapeutic proteins has high importance
on their stability, safety, immunogenicity, efficacy, and serum half-life. Therefore, Nglycosylation
is considered to be one of the critical quality attributes. Consequently, it
should be rigorously monitored during the development, manufacturing, and release of
glycoprotein biologicals. In this review, first, the regulatory considerations for biosimilars
are shortly summarized, followed by conferring the analytical techniques needed for
monitoring and characterization of the N-glycosylation of biological drugs. Particular
respect is paid to liquid phase separation techniques with high sensitivity and highresolution
detection methods, including laser-induced fluorescence and mass
spectrometry.
MicroRNAs Implications in the Onset, Diagnosis, and Prognosis of Osteosarcoma
Authors: Ebrahimi Negin , Aslani Saeed , Babaie Farhad , Hemmatzadeh Maryam , Pourmoghadam Zahra , Azizi Gholamreza , Jadidi-Niaragh Farhad , Mohammadi Hamed
Published: December 2020

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone malignancy, which has a high
incidence in children and adolescents. The affected cells and tissues show the
properties of drug-resistance and the prognosis remains poor in OS; therefore, there is
an essential need for novel therapeutic approaches. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) expression
pattern has been established to be involved in the pathogenesis of OS. miRNAs are
small non-coding RNA molecules, which negatively regulate gene expression at the
post-transcriptional level. There are copious miRNAs that have a critical role in the onset
of the disease, modulation of disease progression, and response to treatment. At the
moment, the recently launched version 3.0 of Human MicroRNA Disease Database
(HMDD v3.0) reports that 194 miRNAs are dysregulated in OS that might be involved in
proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of tumor cells.
The balance between oncogene and tumor suppressor miRNAs has vital importance in
the final fate of the cell behaviors in OS. Additionally, networks of miRNAs may act in
concert to induce oncogenic or tumor-suppressing properties during the initiation or the
progression of OS. Up or down-regulation of these miRNAs affect the status of the
disease during or after therapy. To date, over 40 miRNAs have been identified in OS
disease that possess oncogenic or tumor-suppressing properties, and treatment
approaches are trying to establish a proper level of such miRNAs in favor of OS therapy.
The role of miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of OS and their therapeutic potential
are the reference points in this review article.
Bioactive Loaded Lipid-based Nanostructures: A Novel Insight for Age-related Neurodegeneration
Authors: Srivastava Rajnish , Choudhury P.K. , Dev Suresh Kumar , Rathore Vaibhav
Published: December 2020

Substantial affirmation suggested that oxidative stress remains an impelling
target, contributing to initiate and exacerbate the multiple neurological complications in
age-related neurodegeneration (ARN). Factors including gene and environmental toxins
are now becoming the most threatening cause of oxidative stress, which leads to
mitochondrial dysfunction of the neurons that ultimately causes permanent loss of their
functionality. Clinical trials on antioxidants are still in the pipeline to access them as a
potential therapeutic class. But this raised the generosity for not only to investigate the
module of the antioxidant mechanism but also to justify the drug delivery and dose
regimen. Biological barriers, predominantly, Blood-brain barrier (BBB) and rapid firstpass
metabolism, are some of the potential obstacles for the effective targeting of the
therapeutic agent. Bioactive drugs with antioxidant capacity, loaded with lipid-based
Nano career system have revealed to be a novel therapeutic intervention for ARN. The
review will deal with the comprehensive state-of-art methodology for the delivery of
bioactive loaded lipid Nanocarriers to treat neurodegeneration. A systematic analysis of
published reports will help the researchers to understand the role of natural compound
loaded Nanoengineered system in the field of ARN as a potential Nano therapeutic
intervention.
Outbreak of Respiratory Infection: nCoV-2019 Current Status and Its Impact on Global Health
Authors: Kumar Saurabh , Kumar Sandeep , Karim Adil , Bisht Kamlesh , Ghani Abdul , Munda Vimal Singh
Published: December 2020

Novel coronavirus-2019 (nCoV-2019) emerged as a potentially infectious respiratory
disease caused by newly discovered β-coronavirus. nCoV-19 has emerged as a global pandemic
due to the rapid transmission and high infection rate commonly involved in acute respiratory illness.
Literature search includes various databases like Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect,
and Scopus for studies published using a different combination of keywords “coronavius”,
“COVID-19”, “SARS”, “MERS”, “antiviral drugs”, “vaccines”, and “immunity”. We collected epidemiology
data from the Worldometer portal (data available till 9 October, 2020). Fever, dry
cough, dyspnea, sore throat, or fatigue are common clinical symptoms of the infection. Cytotoxic
T-cells and T-helper cells plus Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+) account for maximum (approximately
80%) of total infiltrate in the pulmonary region of the affected nCoV individuals and act as a significant
contributor to the clearance of the infection. This review intends to outline the literature concerning
the mode of actual transmission, immune response, and possible therapeutic approach
against the virus.
Development of 186/188 Re-Chitosan as an Effective Therapeutic Agent for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ahmadi Nahid , Yousefnia Hassan , Bahrami-Samani Ali , Zolghadri Samaneh , Alirezapour Behrouz , Ghazi Fatemeh Mohammadpour
Published: December 2020

Background:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory chronic disease characterized
by inflammation, pain, swelling and disability, and radiosynovectomy is one of the disease
treatment lines. In this study, the possibility of providing rhenium-186/rhenium-188 chitosan radiopharmaceuticals,
optimization of conditions for their production and bio-distribution are reported.

Objective:

In order to build perrhenic acid for labeling, natural rhenium was exposed to radiation.
Radionuclidic and radiochemical purities of (186/188Re)-NaReO4 were examined by gamma spectroscopy and paper
chromatography methods, respectively.

Methods:

Labeling of chitosan with rhenium was done in different acidic situations. The radiochemical
purity 186/188Re-chitosan was applied by radio thin layer chromatography (RTLC). Lastly,
the bio-distribution of the radiolabeled chitosan was studied in various organs after intra articular
injection of the complex to lab rats. Gamma spectrometry confirmed the high rhenium radionuclidic
purity. Chromatography results showed that perrhenic acid was produced with purity greater
than 97% and rhenium chitosan labeling was done over 98% in pH = 3. Dissection results showed
a high bio-distribution of 186/188Re-chitosan after injection into the joint with no leakage to surrounding
organs.

Conclusion:

According to the results, there is a possibility of labeling rhenium with chitosan in very
high radiochemical purity. Regarding the high retention of these radiopharmaceuticals in joints with no leakage to
surrounding organs, 186/188Re-chitosan can be applied as new radiosynovectomy drugs for rheumatoid arthritis treatment.
Lógicas do imaginário pós-humano na produção literária e cultural de recepção juvenil
Authors: Baseio Maria Auxiliadora , Da Cunha Maria Zilda
Published: December 2020

É fato que a revolução tecnológica dos últimos tempos tem potencialmente provocado mutações inauditas nos mais diversos domínios da vida humana.. As transformações operadas afetam profundamente as condiçoes sociais, culturais e  antropológicas; novas subjetividades são geradas e as tecnologias da inteligência tornam-se cada vez mais aptas a abrigá-las, no contexto de comunidades adaptativas. São desafios que vêm motivando a busca de caminhos para compreensão das complexidades que esse novo contexto evoca. No estreito diálogo com essa realidade, projetam-se representações, sobretudo nas artes. As produções literárias e culturais voltadas à recepção juvenil mostram-se como território privilegiado para manifestações de um imaginário que se alia a representações de um estágio que está sendo denominado de pós-humano. Em  narrativas que abrigam esse universo ficcional, proliferam robôs e inúmeros engenhos tecno-mecânicos e protagonistas que cada vez mais derivam e povoam ambientes digitais. Tais  manifestações do imaginário, notadamente, provocam reflexões sobre a realidade vivida. Neste sentido, procuraremos recensear nas produções literárias e culturais endereçadas ao público juvenil algumas figurações desse universo do pós-humano.
L’habiter posthumain entre inversion et éversion dans la franchise vidéoludique “Watch_Dogs”
Authors: Duret Christophe
Published: December 2020

Cet article porte sur l’habiter posthumain représenté dans les jeux vidéo cyberpunk de la franchise WATCH_DOGS. Après une redéfinition du posthumain en termes ontogéographiques, les spécificités de l’habiter posthumain seront décrites en tant que transversion, phénomène entendu comme le fruit d’un mouvement dynamique allant de l’inversion (introjection du milieu humain dans les limites physiques du corps par le biais de la technique) à l’éversion (projection du corps dans le milieu par le biais de la technique). S’ensuivra une analyse portant sur la manière dont WATCH_DOGS traite de la transversion dans le cadre de la ville intelligente vue comme une ville posthumaine.
Biohackeando o amor
Authors: Quental Luiza
Published: December 2020

Presente texto busca discutir como a trajetória da medicalização no ocidente, a virada cultural contra expertise médica, a emergência de novas subjetividades científicas e o surgimento de práticas  marginais de ciência e tecnologia ajudam a contextualizar novas relações todo-meio-parte com a ciência, tecnologia, arte, e mundo mais amplo a partir do conceito de heterotopia. Usando como estudo de caso o experimento científico-artistico-afetivo de uma artista que reprogramou seu cérebro para desapaixonar-se por um ex-namorado, exploramos como as práticas marginais de ciência, além de serem locais privilegiados para tanto iluminar as atividades da ciência institucional quanto observar as novas relações e correlações que estas ganham ao associar-se ao mundo maior, também possibilitam um reordenamento de valores e locais de poder e podem compor projetos culturais diversos.
Bank competition and the credit channel of monetary policy: Evidence from an emerging country
Authors:   Faculty of Finance and Banking, Van Lang University, 45 Nguyen Khac Nhu Street, Co Giang ward, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, et al. An
Published: December 2020

Our study provides one of the first examinations in an emerging country on the credit channel of monetary policy transmission under the influence of competition. The study was conducted using a panel data of 30 joint-stock commercial banks in Vietnam in the period of 2008-2017. By applying the DGMM estimation method, we found that the existence of the influence of competition on monetary policy transmission through credit channels. The higher bank competitiveness will make monetary policy transmission via credit channels of commercial banks less effective. Large-scale commercial banks, because of a merger or equity increase, will increase their competitiveness because of increased market share, which will weaken the monetary policy transmission through credit channels. The estimation results from the two methods of competitiveness measurement-the Lerner index and the Boone index–are in a united direction but at different levels.
FORMULASI DAN UJI SIFAT FISIK SEDIAAN GEL TUNGGAL DAN KOMBINASI EKSTRAK ETANOLIK DAUN SIRIH MERAH (Pipper crocatum) dan MINYAK KAYU MANIS (Cinnamon oil)
Authors: Emelda Emelda
Published: December 2020

Sirih merah memiliki kandungan senyawa aktif seperti minyak atsiri, alkaloid, saponin, tanin dan flavonoid. Minyak atsiri yang terkandung di dalamnya memiliki aktivitas sebagai antiseptik. Tanaman lain yang juga memiliki banyak manfaat adalah kayu manis. Minyak kayu manis diketahui memiliki aktivitas sebagai anti inflamasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat formulasi sediaan gel kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah dan minyak kayu manis dan mengetahui sifat fisik sediaan tersebut.

Penelitian ini adalah eksperimental laboratoris dengan. Daun sirih merah diekstraksi dengan pelarut etanol kemudian diformulasikan dalam bentuk gel dan dikombinasikan dengan minyak kayu manis. Uji sifat fisik sediaan krim dan salep, meliputi organoleptik, uji homogenitas, pH dengan indikator pH universal, uji daya lekat, daya sebar dan uji konsistensi.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sediaan gel kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah dan minyak kayu manis memiliki warna hijau kecoklatan, dan kayu manis tunggal berwarna putih, memiliki bau khas, berbentuk semipadat, homogen, daya lekat lebih dari 1 detik, daya sebar masih berada dalam rentang 5-7 cm dan  uji konsistensi menunjukkan tidak terjadi pemisahan.

Sediaan gel kombinasi ekstrak etanol daun sirih merah dan minyak kayu manis memenuhi persyaratan uji fisik, meliputi uji organoleptik, homogenitas, pH, daya lekat daya sebar dan uji konsistensi.

 

Kata Kunci: Daun sirih merah, minyak kayu manis, gel, uji sifat fisik
The Web-Based Uprise Program for Mental Health in Australian University Students: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Harrington Karra D , Eres Robert , Lim Michelle H
Published: December 2020

Background

University students are vulnerable to poor mental health, psychological distress, and loneliness relative to nonuniversity student peers. However, the rate of seeking mental health treatment among university students is low. Web-based psychological interventions may provide an opportunity for supporting vulnerable university students who are unlikely to otherwise seek support.

Objective

The aim of this study is to examine the feasibility, acceptability, safety, and efficacy of an existing web-based transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) mental health program for use among Australian university students.

Methods

This is a pilot randomized controlled trial comparing a self-directed web-based CBT mental health program with a waitlist control. The self-directed modules will be augmented with optional webchat or telephone coaching with a therapist. The recruitment target is 70 university students who do not present with a clinical mental health disorder. Allocation will be made in a 1:1 ratio and will occur after the initial baseline assessment. Assessments will be completed at baseline, upon completion of a 4-week waitlist (waitlist group only), upon completion of the program, and at 3 months after completion of the program.

Results

The trial was funded in June 2018, and the protocol was approved by the Swinburne University Human Research Ethics Committee in September 2018. Recruitment commenced in October 2018, with the first participant allocated in November 2018. A total of 70 participants were recruited to the trial. The trial recruitment ceased in June 2019, and data collection was finalized in December 2019. We expect the final data analysis to be completed by November 2020 and results to be published early in 2021. The primary outcomes are feasibility, acceptability, safety, and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. The secondary outcomes are psychological wellbeing, quality of life, loneliness, self-reported physical health status, emotion regulation, and cognitive and mindfulness processes.

Conclusions

The acceptability, feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a web-based mental health program in university students will be evaluated. Web-based mental health programs offer the opportunity to engage university students who may be reluctant to seek support through traditional face-to-face mental health services, and the transdiagnostic approach of the program has the potential to address the breadth of mental health concerns of university students.

Trial Registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ACTRN12618001604291; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12618001604291

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/21307
Growth of Ambulatory Virtual Visits and Differential Use by Patient Sociodemographics at One Urban Academic Medical Center During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Gilson Sarah F , Umscheid Craig A , Laiteerapong Neda , Ossey Graeme , Nunes Kenneth J , Shah Sachin D
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Despite widespread interest in the use of virtual (ie, telephone and video) visits for ambulatory patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic, studies examining their adoption during the pandemic by race, sex, age, or insurance are lacking. Moreover, there have been limited evaluations to date of the impact of these sociodemographic factors on the use of telephone versus video visits. Such assessments are crucial to identify, understand, and address differences in care delivery across patient populations, particularly those that could affect access to or quality of care.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to examine changes in ambulatory visit volume and type (ie, in-person vs virtual and telephone vs video visits) by patient sociodemographics during the COVID-19 pandemic at one urban academic medical center.

METHODS

We compared volumes and patient sociodemographics (age, sex, race, insurance) for visits during the first 11 weeks following the COVID-19 national emergency declaration (March 15 to May 31, 2020) to visits in the corresponding weeks in 2019. Additionally, for visits during the COVID-19 study period, we examined differences in visit type (ie, in-person versus virtual, and telephone versus video visits) by sociodemographics using multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTS

Total visit volumes in the COVID-19 study period comprised 51.4% of the corresponding weeks in 2019 (n=80,081 vs n=155,884 visits). Although patient sociodemographics between the COVID-19 study period in 2020 and the corresponding weeks in 2019 were similar, 60.5% (n=48,475) of the visits were virtual, compared to 0% in 2019. Of the virtual visits, 61.2% (n=29,661) were video based, and 38.8% (n=18,814) were telephone based. In the COVID-19 study period, virtual (vs in-person) visits were more likely among patients with race categorized as other (vs White) and patients with Medicare (vs commercial) insurance and less likely for men, patients aged 0-17 years, 65-74 years, or ≥75 years (compared to patients aged 18-45 years), and patients with Medicaid insurance or insurance categorized as other. Among virtual visits, compared to telephone visits, video visits were more likely to be adopted by patients aged 0-17 years (vs 18-45 years), but less likely for all other age groups, men, Black (vs White) patients, and patients with Medicare or Medicaid (vs commercial) insurance.

CONCLUSIONS

Virtual visits comprised the majority of ambulatory visits during the COVID-19 study period, of which a majority were by video. Sociodemographic differences existed in the use of virtual versus in-person and video versus telephone visits. To ensure equitable care delivery, we present five policy recommendations to inform the further development of virtual visit programs and their reimbursement.
A Smartphone App (TRIANGLE) to Change Cardiometabolic Risk Behaviors in Women Following Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Intervention Mapping Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Potzel Anne Lotte , Gar Christina , Seissler Jochen , Lechner Andreas
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common complication during pregnancy and is associated with an increased risk for the development of cardiometabolic diseases. Behavioral interventions can reduce this risk, but current solutions insufficiently address the requirements for such a program. The systematic development of a scalable mobile health (mHealth) promotion program for mothers during the first years post-GDM may contribute to solving this problem.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this project was to systematically plan and develop a theory- and evidence-based mHealth intervention to change cardiometabolic risk behaviors in women during the first 5 years post-GDM that meets women’s expected standards of commercial health apps.

METHODS

The intervention mapping steps 1 to 4 structured the systematic planning and development of the mHealth program described in this paper. Steps 1 and 2 led to a theory- and evidence-based logic model of change for cardiometabolic health. Based on this model, the prevention program was designed (step 3) and produced (step 4) in cooperation with industrial partners to ensure a high technological standard of the resulting smartphone app for the iPhone (Apple Inc). Step 4 included a user study with women during the first 5 years post-GDM once a beta version of the app (“TRIANGLE”) was available. The user study comprised 2 test rounds of 1 week (n=5) and 4 weeks (n=6), respectively. The tests included validated questionnaires on user acceptance, user logs, and think-alouds with semistructured interviews.

RESULTS

The novel TRIANGLE app is among the first self-paced smartphone apps for individual habit change in the 3 lifestyle areas of physical activity, nutrition, and psychosocial well-being. The 3 core features—a challenge system, human coaching, and a library—address 11 behavioral determinants with 39 behavior change methods to support lifestyle changes. Participants in the user study showed a high acceptance, high perceived quality, and high perceived impact of the TRIANGLE app on their health behaviors. Participants tested the app regularly, used it intuitively, and suggested improvements. We then adapted the TRIANGLE app according to the insights from the user study before the full TRIANGLE program production.

CONCLUSIONS

The intervention mapping approach was feasible to plan and develop an innovative and scalable smartphone solution for women during the first 5 years post-GDM. The resulting TRIANGLE intervention has the potential to support behavior change for cardiometabolic disease prevention. However, the app needs further refinement and testing in clinical trials. Intervention mapping steps 5 (implementation plan) and 6 (evaluation plan) may support the integration of the TRIANGLE intervention into routine care.

CLINICALTRIAL

German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00012736; https://www.drks.de/DRKS00012736
Web-Based Health Information Seeking Among African American and Hispanic Men Living With Chronic Conditions: Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Sherman Ledric D , Goidel Kirby , Bergeron Caroline D , Smith Matthew Lee
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Previous research has identified disparities in seeking and using web-based health information to inform health-related behaviors. Relatively few studies however have examined the correlations between web-based health information seeking and use based on race, gender, age, and the presence of chronic health conditions.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we identify factors associated with seeking and using web-based health information among a uniquely vulnerable and intersectional population—middle-aged and older (40 years and older) African American and Hispanic men living with one or more chronic conditions.

METHODS

Survey responses were collected from a purposive sample of African American and Hispanic men using Qualtrics web-based survey management software. To qualify for inclusion in the study, respondents had to identify as African American or Hispanic men, report having at least one chronic condition, and be aged 40 years and older. A series of binary logistic regression models was created using backward elimination. Statistical significance was determined at P<.05 for all analyses.

RESULTS

Web-based health information seeking among African American and Hispanic men is a function of education, the presence of multiple chronic conditions, frustration with health care providers, internet use, and the perceived reliability of web-based health information. The use of web-based health information to inform interactions with health care providers was more common among African American and Hispanic men, who rated their health as relatively good, perceived barriers to care, used technology regularly, and took more daily medications.

CONCLUSIONS

Understanding the factors that influence African American and Hispanic men seeking web-based health information may help improve the care and treatment of chronic conditions. African American and Hispanic men seek web-based health information as a substitute for routine care and to inform their discussions with health care providers.
Эффективность и безопасность применения гомеопатических лекарственных препаратов при острых респираторных вирусных инфекциях с позиции доказательной медицины (международный опыт)
Authors: Moshchych O.P. , Kramarov S.O.
Published: December 2020

В данной обзорной статье речь идет о необходимости понимания основы эффективности и безопасности применения гомеопатических лекарственных препаратов при острых респираторных вирусных инфекциях (ОРВИ) с позиции доказательной медицины. Гомеопатические лекарственные препараты рассмотрены с точки зрения составляющей наномедицины с учетом открытий, сделанных в течение последних десятилетий в этой области знаний, а также с учетом того, что течение ОРВИ в основном проявляется функциональными нарушениями. Отмечена целесообразность использования отдельных компонентов гомеопатических лекарственных средств именно в низких/гомеопатических/наноконцентрациях с учетом их дозозависимого профиля безопасности. В качестве примера проанализированы препараты французского происхождения — Оциллококцинум, Коризалия, Гомеовокс и Стодаль. За многие десятилетия практического использования указанных препаратов наработана достаточно весомая научная база, существует ряд статей, опубликованных в различных странах мира, подтверждающих их эффективность и безопасность. Рассмотрены не только клинические исследования относительно вышеупомянутых препаратов, но также ­освещены вопросы механизма их действия на основе фармакодинамических свойств отдельных компонентов. Указана необходимость рассматривать любой лекарственный препарат, в том числе гомеопатический, как с позиции доказательной медицины, так и в более широком смысле, с учетом современного подхода к здравоохранению на основе ценности. С учетом проанализированной информации сделан вывод, что вышеупомянутые препараты — Оциллококцинум, Коризалия, Гомеовокс, Стодаль — отвечают этим требованиям и должны быть более широко внедрены в клиническую практику.
Рецензия на монографию «Герпесвирусные инфекции и здоровье человека» (Абатуров А.Е., Чернышева О.Е., Юлиш Е.И.), 2020 год
Authors: Authors No
Published: December 2020

No abstract
Ревматическая полимиалгия: объединяя усилия европейских ревматологических обществ
Authors: Puzanova О.G. , Moshkovska Yu.О. , Sobol V.О.
Published: December 2020

Постарение популяции является предпосылкой усиления доказательной базы специфических гериатрических синдромов, ревматических заболеваний с поздним дебютом и ревматических болезней пожилого возраста. Среди последних наиболее распространена ревматическая полимиалгия, наличие и ведение которой сопряжено с проблемами переносимости обезболивающей и противовоспалительной терапии и своевременного выявления гигантоклеточного артериита и злокачественных опухолей. В Европе, в немецкоязычных странах в частности, сохраняются значительные различия в подходах к ведению пациентов с ревматической полимиалгией в клинической практике. Этим обусловлено создание и публикация в 2018 году единого руководства Немецкого ревматологического общества, Австрийского общества ревматологии и реабилитации, Швейцарского ревматологического общества и других научно-медицинских ассоциаций и организаций, посвященного данной проблеме. В статье представлены и обсуждены его доказательная база, основные принципы и специальные рекомендации. Разработка сопоставлена с рекомендациями Европейской антиревматической лиги и Американской коллегии ревматологов 2015 года и клинической рекомендацией Финской медицинской ассоциации, одобренной Министерством здравоохранения Украины для применения в первичном звене в качестве нового клинического протокола в 2016 году.
Важные аспекты лечения пациентов с хронической болезнью почек IV–V стадии и сахарным диабетом II типа
Authors: Ivanov D.D. , Ivanova M.D.
Published: December 2020

В статье представлен обзор современной статистики заболеваемости хронической болезнью почек (ХБП) в Украине и мире. На сегодняшний день ведущим этиологическим фактором ХБП в мире является сахарный диабет (СД) и сопутствующая ему диабетическая нефропатия, которая является сложным мультифакторным заболеванием с множественным поражением органов и систем организма. При этом в Украине значительная часть таких пациентов находится на стадии ХБП IV–V, что соответствует уровню СКФ 15–29 и < 15 мл/мин/1,73 м2  соответственно. Контроль гликемии и антигипертензивная терапия являются первичными звеньями ведения заболевания на додиализном этапе наряду с диетой с низким содержанием белка и углеводов. Ключевым вопросом в ведении таких пациентов является то, что диетические ограничения на додиализном этапе могут иметь нежелательные последствия для общего питательного статуса пациента, поэтому важна их коррекция без вмешательства в биохимический профиль пациента с избеганием повышенного риска потери функции почки. Назначение кетоновых аналогов аминокислот на додиализном этапе демонстрирует эффективность в восстановлении аминокислотного баланса с анаболизмом белка, снижая концентрацию мочевины в крови и корригируя минеральный статус. Позитивный эффект наблюдается при СКФ < 25 мл/мин/1,73 м2, тогда как задокументированные преимущества начинаются с уровня СКФ < 30 мл/мин/1,73 м2 и наиболее выражены у пациентов с СКФ < 15 мл/мин/1,73 м2.
Рекомендации для клинической практики IPNA по диагностике и лечению детей с стероид-резистентным нефротическим синдромом
Authors: . No authors
Published: December 2020

No abstract
Интенсивность системного протеолиза и эндотоксикоза в динамике лечения гепатопротекторами больных неалкогольным стеатогепатитом на фоне ожирения при коморбидности с хроническим обструктивным заболеванием легких
Authors: Khukhlina O.S. , Hrinyuk O.Ye. , Liakhovych O.D.
Published: December 2020

Актуальность. Распространенность заболеваемости неалкогольным стеатогепатитом (НАСГ) и хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) приобретает глобальное значение среди населения экономически развитых стран мира с тенденцией роста и в Украине. Цель исследования: определение интенсивности системного протеолиза и эндогенной интоксикации до лечения и в динамике применения антраля у больных НАСГ на фоне ожирения и коморбидной ХОБЛ. Материалы и методы. 76 больных НАСГ на фоне ожирения I ст. и ХОБЛ 2–3 D прошли обследование и были распределены на 3 группы в зависимости от назначенного лечения. В первую группу — контрольную (К) — вошли 23 больных, получавших базисную терапию НАСГ (комплекс эссенциальных фосфолипидов 300 мг по 2 капсулы 3 раза в день) на протяжении 30 дней и базисную терапию ХОБЛ. 25 больных (группа 2 — основная, О1), кроме аналогичной терапии ХОБЛ, для лечения НАСГ вместо комплекса эссенциальных фосфолипидов получали антраль 200 мг 3 раза в день на протяжении 30 дней. Третья группа (основная, О2) — 28 больных, кроме аналогичной терапии ХОБЛ, для лечения НАСГ вместо комплекса эссенциальных фосфолипидов получали антраль 200 мг 3 раза в день и дополнительно поликозанол 20 мг после ужина в течение 30 дней. Группу сравнения составили 30 практически здоровых лиц. Результаты. Предложенная терапия антралем повлияла на уменьшение интенсивности лизиса азоальбумина, азоказеина и азокола у больных группы О2: на 30 день указанный показатель снизился соответственно в 1,3; 1,2 и 1,6 раза (р < 0,05), у больных группы О1: на 30 день — соответственно в 1,2; 1,2 и 1,6 раза (р < 0,05) по сравнению с данными до лечения. В группе К снижение происходило менее интенсивно (р < 0,05): достоверно менялся только показатель азокола — снизился в 1,3 раза (р < 0,05) при наличии достоверной разницы с показателями в группах О1 и О2 (р < 0,05). Выводы. Назначение антраля на фоне базисной терапии в течение 30 дней привело к существенной коррекции протеиназo-ингибиторного гомеостаза у больных НАСГ с ожирением и ХОБЛ, сопровождалось достоверным снижением эндотоксикоза (р < 0,05) и повреждающего действия системного протеолиза (р < 0,05).