bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel supramolecular artificial light-harvesting systems based on AIE-active macrocycles for efficient white-light photocatalysis in water
Authors: Yang Jun-Cheng , Chen Ke , Zhang Guo-Ling , Qi Chunxuan , Feng Hai-Tao , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: February 2025

A novel rigid macrocycle with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties was facilely synthesized to construct efficient artificial light-harvesting systems for photocatalysis through the Förster resonance energy transfer process.
Label-free quantification of single-stranded DNA utilizing enzymatic digestion and an off-the-shelf glucose test strip
Authors: Hossain Faisal , Serpe Michael J.
Published: February 2025

A method was developed for quantifying single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) through enzymatic digestion and using commercially available glucose test strips.
Active optical modulation in hybrid transparent-conductive oxide/electro-optic multilayers
Authors: Maffei Riccardo Magrin , Magnozzi Michele , Sygletou Maria , Colace Stefano , D’Addato Sergio , Petrov Alexandr Yu. , Canepa Maurizio , Torelli Piero , di Bona Alessandro , Benedetti Stefania , Bisio Francesco
Published: February 2025

Low-voltage-enabled modulation of the optical response at room temperature in the IR spectral range has been detected by means of in operando spectroscopic ellipsometry in a Al-doped ZnO/BaTiO3 bilayer deposited on Nb-doped SrTiO3 substrate.
Enantiorecognition in a multi-component environment
Authors: Mazurkiewicz Joanna , Stanek Ewa , Maximiano Pedro , Ferreira Tiago H. , Karpiel Marta , Buda Szymon , Kalinowska-Tłuścik Justyna , Simões Pedro N. , Reva Igor , Kaczor Agnieszka
Published: February 2025

Enantiorecognition in supramolecular biosystems might be dictated by random factors and system complexity showing inadequacy of simple models in their analysis.
Oxygen evolution reaction on NiFe-LDH/(Ni,Fe)OOH: theoretical insights into the effects of electronic structure and spin-state evolution
Authors: Lin Qian , Nan Guangjun , Fu Dawei , Xie Liyan
Published: February 2025

The spin flip of Fe promotes the formation of bonding states between Fe and OOH, endowing the catalyst with a better OER performance.
Correction: Assessing conditions favoring the survival of African dust-borne microorganisms during long-range transport across the tropical Atlantic
Authors: Mardi Ali Hossein , Hilario Miguel Ricardo A. , Hanlon Regina , González Martín Cristina , Schmale David , Sorooshian Armin , Foroutan Hosein
Published: February 2025

Correction for ‘Assessing conditions favoring the survival of African dust-borne microorganisms during long-range transport across the tropical Atlantic’ by Ali Hossein Mardi et al., Environ. Sci.: Atmos., 2025, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ea00093e.
Multimodal Adaptations to Expiratory Musculature-Targeted Resistance Training: A Preliminary Study in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Krishnamurthy Rahul , Schultz Douglas H. , Wang Yingying , Natarajan Sathish Kumar , Barlow Steven M. , Dietsch Angela M.
Published: February 2025

Purpose:

Exercise-induced adaptations, including neuroplasticity, are well studied for physical exercise that targets skeletal muscles. However, little is known about the neuroplastic potential of targeted speech and swallowing exercises. The current study aimed to gather preliminary data on molecular and functional changes associated with the neuroplastic effects of 4-week expiratory musculature-targeted resistance training in healthy young adults.

Method:

Five healthy young adult men aged between 19 and 35 years,
M
(
SD
) = 28.8 (2.68) years, underwent 4 weeks of expiratory muscle strength training (EMST). We measured changes in maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels at baseline and posttraining conditions. Furthermore, functional and structural magnetic resonance images were obtained to investigate the neuroplastic effects of EMST. We analyzed the effects of training using a linear mixed model for each outcome, with fixed effects for baseline and posttraining.

Results:

MEP and serum BDNF levels significantly increased posttraining. However, this effect was not observed for IGF-1. A significant increase in functional activation in eight regions was also observed posttraining. However, we did not observe significant changes in the white matter microstructure.

Conclusions:

Preliminary data from our study suggest targeted resistance training of expiratory muscles results in molecular and neuroplastic adaptations similar to exercise that targets skeletal muscles. Additionally, these results suggest that EMST could be a potential intervention to modulate (or prime) neurotrophic signaling pathways linked to functional strength gains and neuroplasticity.
A research and enhancement strategy for detecting counterfeit medications utilizing blockchain technology
Authors: Kumar Sumit , Mehra Ritika , Sivaraman Himani , Garg Umang
Published: February 2025

The production, distribution of the counterfeit drugs are the major issue in today's world. These drugs create a big economic crunch in today's economic world. The major concern now days the counterfeit of drug is increasing day by day. Counterfeit refers to the fake medicine which is now increasing. In 2020 where all the countries are suffering from counterfeit of medicine. The article discusses about how the secure transaction of drug can be made to the all suppliers. Blockchain is a distributed technology where all the transaction made is transparent. All the transaction made in blockchain will be stored with all the network that relate to the blockchain network. Blockchain contain the concept of hash function. Hash function works like linked list it contains the address of previous node and the next node also. Hash function contain the hexadecimal value. With the implementation of blockchain technology and hyperledger framework it can be able to detect the counterfeit of drug in the early stage. If it is found in the early stage the supply of counterfeit of drug in the pharmaceutical industry like hospitals, pharmacy shops can be stopped. To make the supply of drug secure the hyperledger framework of blockchain is implemented.
TomoSAR 3D reconstruction: Cascading adversarial strategy with sparse observation trajectory
Authors: Zhu Xian , Zeng Xiaoqin , Cong Yuhua , Huang Yanhao , Zhu Ziyan , Luo Yantao
Published: February 2025

Synthetic aperture radar tomography (TomoSAR) has shown significant potential for the 3D Reconstruction of buildings, especially in critical areas such as topographic mapping, urban planning, and disaster monitoring. In practical applications, the constraints of observation trajectories frequently lead to the acquisition of a limited dataset of sparse SAR images, presenting challenges for TomoSAR 3D Reconstruction and affecting its signal‐to‐noise ratio and elevation resolution performance. The study introduces a cascade adversarial strategy based on the Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (CGAN), optimised explicitly for sparse observation trajectories. In the preliminary phase of the CGAN, the U‐Net architecture was employed to capture more global information and enhance image detail recovery capability, which is subsequently utilised in the cascade refinement network. The ResNet34 residual network in the advanced network stage was adopted to bolster feature extraction and image generation capabilities further. Based on experimental validation performed on the curated TomoSAR 3D super‐resolution dataset tailored for buildings, the findings reveal that the methodology yields a notable enhancement in image quality and accuracy compared to other techniques.
The warm-hot intergalactic medium in inter-cluster filaments
Authors: Zhao Yuanyuan , Xu Haiguang , Liu Ang , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Ji Li , Chang Jiang , Hu Dan , Werner Norbert , Zhang Zhongli , Cui Wei , Wu Xiangping
Published: February 2025

Context. Cosmological simulations indicate that nearly half of the baryons in the nearby Universe are in the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) phase, and about a half them reside in cosmic filaments connecting galaxy clusters. Recent observational studies using stacked survey data and deep exposures of galaxy cluster outskirts have detected soft X-ray excesses associated with optically identified filaments. However, the physical characteristics of WHIM in filaments remain largely undetermined due to a lack of direct spectral diagnostics of individual targets, which are limited by the spectral resolution of current instruments in the soft X-ray band.

Aims. We aim to select appropriate targets for WHIM characterization through pointing observations with the future Hot Universe Baryon Surveyor (HUBS) mission, which is designed with eV-level energy resolution in the 0.1–2.0 keV band and a one-square-degree field of view, thus complementing other planned microcalorimetry missions such as Athena.

Methods. We built a sample of 1577 inter-cluster filaments based on the first eROSITA All-Sky Survey (eRASS1) supercluster catalog and estimated their soft X-ray emission. Their modeled emission and geometrical properties were used to select candidate targets for HUBS observations.

Results. Four inter-cluster filaments were selected as the most appropriate candidates. By simulating and analyzing their mock observations, we demonstrated that with 200 ks HUBS exposure for each candidate, the gas properties of individual filaments can be accurately determined, with the temperature constrained to ±0.01 keV, metallicity constrained to ≤ ± 0.03 solar, and density constrained to <  ± 10%. Elemental abundances of O, Ne, Mg, and Fe can be measured separately, providing unprecedented insights into the chemical history of the filament gas. We also show that direct mapping of the WHIM distribution is promising with narrowband imaging of the O VIII line.

Conclusions. Our work forecasts that next-generation X-ray missions such as HUBS will provide substantial improvement in our understanding of the physical status and evolution history of the diffuse WHIM gas in the cosmic large-scale structure.
Coronal hole picoflare jets are progenitors of both fast and Alfvénic slow solar wind
Authors: Chitta L. P. , Huang Z. , D’Amicis R. , Calchetti D. , Zhukov A. N. , Kraaikamp E. , Verbeeck C. , Aznar Cuadrado R. , Hirzberger J. , Berghmans D. , Horbury T. S. , Solanki S. K. , Owen C. J. , Harra L. , Peter H. , Schühle U. , Teriaca L. , Louarn P. , Livi S. , Giunta A. S. , Hassler D. M. , Wang Y.-M.
Published: February 2025

Solar wind, classified by its bulk speed and the Alfvénic nature of its fluctuations, generates the heliosphere. The elusive physical processes responsible for the generation of the different types of this wind are a topic of active debate. Recent observations reveal intermittent jets, with kinetic energy in the picoflare range, emerging from dark areas of a polar coronal hole threaded by open magnetic field lines. These could substantially contribute to solar wind. However, their ubiquity and direct links to solar wind have not been established. Here, we report a unique set of remote-sensing and in situ observations from the Solar Orbiter spacecraft that establish a unified picture of fast and Alfvénic slow wind, connected to the similar widespread picoflare jet activity in two coronal holes. Radial expansion of coronal holes ultimately regulates the speed of the emerging wind.
Investigation and optimal design of band gap tunability in fractal phononic crystals
Authors: Yang Shuai , Yin Jia-Hao , Zhu Xiao-Jing , Wang Kai , Zhang Shi-ke , Cao Lu , Guo Peng-Yu , Liu Yong
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the properties of band gaps of circular core filling fractal phononic crystals (CCFFPCs), specifically focusing on the impact of different filling positions on the frequency of band gaps. The research demonstrates that core filling at the central positions significantly influences the formation and widening of low-frequency band gaps, while filling at corner edges predominantly affects mid-frequency band gaps, and filling at edge centers effectively opens and broadens high-frequency band gaps. These results reveal the relationship between filling positions and band gap tuning, providing a theoretical foundation for precise band gap control across a full frequency range. Moreover, this study is the first to systematically clarify the impact of core filling positions on band gap frequencies, expanding the design strategies for band gaps in fractal phononic crystals. Furthermore, this study employs genetic algorithm optimization to achieve the maximum band gap width at different frequencies, enhancing the practical value of fractal phononic crystals in engineering applications. This research deepens theoretical understanding and provides valuable guidance for optimizing their use in broadband acoustic control and energy harvesting applications.
Effectiveness and Efficiency of Seawater Evaporation Using Traditional Methods and the Innovative Flow Down System in Salt Production
Authors: Azi Wibisono Raihan , Ika Nuzula Nike , Giri D. Kartika Ary , Efendy Makhfud , Sri W. Pratiwi Wiwit
Published: February 2025

National salt demand increases every year along with the growth in demand and consumption. However, salt production decreased in 2019-2022. This encourages innovation in salt evaporation, namely the Flow Down System method, which is a seawater evaporation innovation that saves land. This research aims to analyse the process, effectiveness, and efficiency of evaporation with the Traditional method and the Flow Down System Innovation. The method used is Purposive Sampling to get statistical data processed in RStudio. The result of this research is that Flow Down System reduces land and production time compared to the traditional method. Flow Down System more effective in salt evaporation, with an average effectiveness of 98.69%-98.73% compared to the traditional 98.37%-98.69%. Flow Down’s NaCl content is (44.25%) compared traditional (-24.02%) although the traditional moisture content was slightly better (46.5% vs. 44,29%). Flow Down System more efficient 100%-time efficiency compared to traditional 33.33%. Flow Down sales efficiency 100% (IDR 239,680/month) surpassed the traditional 33.18% (IDR 79,550/month). Flow Down’s profit efficiency is 100% (IDR 105,710.32) compared to the traditional 75.25%. With 16,515 kWh of electrical energy, making it a superior method and SNI standard.
The Influence of mangrove arrangement on wave transmission using smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Authors: Trimulyono Andi , Ardi Setiawan Dikky , Samuel  , Arswendo Adietya Berlian , Budi Santosa Ari Wibawa , Tuswan
Published: February 2025

Mangroves have been proven for their role as a natural barrier to various environmental risks such as abrasion and erosion. It helped improve water quality, reducing storms and providing habitat for marine species. Not only playing an essential role in maintaining the water surface, Mangroves have a crucial role in several aspects such as ecology, economy, and socio-culture. This study aims to understand the effects of the arrangement and length of mangrove trees in wave transmission. The present study is performed on the mesh-free CFD method, i.e., the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH), which was developed for free surface flow problems and complex interactions. Three variations of mangrove trees are used,i.e., uniform 0.3 m, random 0.3 m, and random 0.15 m. The piston wavemaker is based on a previous study that has been validated with experiments. The simulation results indicate 0.15 m variations in a gap for the transverse line on the longitudinal provide maximum wave transmission reduction. The wave transmission value produced by the mangrove forest is relatively small. Additionally, the wave energy result decreased significantly after passing through the mangroves.
A preliminary study on tourist willingness to pay for marine safety improvements in Nusa Penida
Authors: Habibah Siti Nur , Rahman Ari , Lee Chun-Hung
Published: February 2025

This study evaluates the willingness to pay (WTP) among tourists for safety improvements in Nusa Penida, Indonesia, utilizing the contingent valuation method (CVM). The research aimed to quantify the economic value that tourists place on enhanced safety measures and to identify demographic factors influencing their WTP. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to a diverse group of tourists. The results revealed a clear preference for moderate safety investment, with a significant drop in WTP as the proposed enhancements’ costs increased. Chi-square tests conducted to explore the relationship between WTP and demographic variables such as gender, income, education level, age, and marital status. The results showed there was no significant associations between them, suggesting that safety is a universally valued attribute among tourists irrespective of their demographic backgrounds. These findings provide crucial insights for local policymakers and tourism managers, indicating that safety improvements have broad support and can be implemented universally without demographic segmentation. The study highlights the importance of integrating tourist perspectives into safety enhancement strategies, which not only increases the likelihood of their acceptance but also contributes to the sustainable development of the tourist management in Nusa Penida, Indonesia.
Effectiveness of Phytomining of Vanadium (V) and Chromium (Cr) Using Cymbopogon citratus and Portulaca grandiflora in Red Mud with Manure Addition
Authors: Fitranto Irwan , Voijant Tangahu Bieby , Yulikasari Andriyan , Mashudi  , Sulistyaning Titah Harmin , Najib Rizal Moh. , Salsabilla Faiza , Ming Lam Yeng , Wang Yamin , In Hurun , Maryanawati Soesilo Mery
Published: February 2025

The highly alkaline nature of red mud, coupled with the presence of heavy metals, represents a significant environmental risk. Phytomining has the potential to facilitate the extraction of heavy metals, including vanadium (V) and chromium (Cr), from red mud. In this study, phytomining employs the use of Cymbopogon citratus and Portulaca grandiflora plants. The objective of this study is to evaluate the capacity of both plants to engage in phytomining and extract valuable metals from red mud. The methodology employed in this study entails the incorporation of stimulants in the form of manure at concentrations of 0%, 5%, and 10%. The study was conducted over a period of 28 days, during which time toxicity testing and the phytomining ability of the two plants were observed. The phytomining capacity of the plants was determined by measuring the concentration of vanadium (V) and chromium (Cr) in the plant extractions using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) equipment. The findings indicated that the Cymbopogon citratus and Portulaca grandiflora plants were capable of surviving on a red mud medium with the addition of 10% manure. The highest absorption of V metal was observed in Cymbopogon citratus, with a value of 23.3 mg/kg, when 10% manure and 90% red mud were added. The highest absorption of Cr metal was 18.02 mg/kg by Portulaca grandiflora with the addition of 10% manure and 90% red mud. Therefore, the results demonstrated that the addition of 10% manure enhanced the capacity of plants to absorb metals.
Green Solutions: The Role of Spider Plant (Chlorophytum comosum) and Peace Lilies (Spathiphyllum wallisii) in Mitigating Indoor Formaldehyde
Authors: Syafiah Harzanti Talitha , Fitri Purwanti Ipung
Published: February 2025

Formaldehyde is one type of pollutant that is often found in indoor air and can have negative impacts on human health. Therefore, a solution is needed to reduce formaldehyde compounds in the room. According to Indonesia’s Ministry of Health, the permissible indoor formaldehyde concentration is 0,1 ppm. This study aims to determine the remediation ability of spider plants (Chlorophytum comosum) and peace lilies (Spathiphyllum wallisii) to reduce indoor formaldehyde levels. In this study, formaldehyde measurements were conducted in office room using an Air Quality Detector. The types of plants used were spider plants (Chlorophytum comosum), peace lilies (Spathiphyllum wallisii), and a combination of both. Baseline measurements were taken without plants, followed by measurements after placing the plants. The collected data were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA method. The results indicated that spider plants (Chlorophytum comosum) and peace lilies (Spathiphyllum wallisii) are capable reducing formaldehyde compounds in the room to below 0,1 ppm. Using a combination of both plants is more efficient than using just one type of plant. The average reduction in formaldehyde concentration within 24 hours, due to one pot of spider plants (Chlorophytum comosum) is 0,0071 mg/m3, while one pot of peace lilies (Spathiphyllum wallisii) is 0,0058 mg/m3.
Study of Sludge Accumulation Rate and Sediment Distribution in Kalidami Boezem, Surabaya
Authors: Aisyah Umi , Nurhayati Ervin , Slamet Agus , Masduqi Ali , Setiadi Soedjono Eddy , Djoko Marsono Bowo , Arliyani Isni
Published: February 2025

Kalidami Boezem is one of Surabaya City’s boezems that is used as a flood control. This boezem can experience silting due to solids that settle from domestic wastewater entering the boezem. This causes decrease in Kalidami Boezem’s volume. The implementation of sludge dredging as boezem maintenance has not been based on accumulation of deposited sludge and sediment distribution. The research included analysis of degradation rate, total solid, and total suspended solid. Sludge sampling was conducted once at inlet, middle, and outlet boezem. Sludge degradation rate was analyzed for 25 days with gravimetric analysis and reaction kinetics approach. Water sampling for sludge accumulation rate analysis was conducted for 7 consecutive days. Sludge accumulation rate was calculated based on the difference in total solid at inlet and outlet. Water sampling for sediment distribution mapping was conducted 3 times a week. Sampling points for sediment distribution mapping amounted to 15 points based on transects 60 m x 30 m. The results of TSS analysis from each transect will be mapped using Surfer 23. Degradation rate of sludge in Kalidami Boezem is 0.0005/day. Sludge occupies 1.65% of the effective storage boezem’s volume with accumulation rate of 1780.484 m³/year. Sediment distribution decreased from inlet to outlet due to settling velocity, flow based on Reynold’s number, settling velocity, flow velocity at each transects point, dredging, and pumping activities. The settling velocity is greater than the water flow velocity so that more solids are sedimented at the inlet of the boezem.
Structure and Composition of Mangrove Vegetation on Kelasa Island: Dominance of Rhizophora apiculata and Its Implications for Coastal Ecosystem Sustainability
Authors: Akhrianti Irma , Oka Arizona Mohammad , Harapan Putera Batubara Geothani
Published: February 2025

Mangroves provide essential ecosystem services such as capturing carbon, habitat provision, and shoreline protection, making them essential for coastal sustainability.Understanding their structure and composition is essential for fostering conservation efforts and ensuring long-term resilience. This study investigates the mangrove vegetation on Kelasa Island, revealing key ecological trends relevant for future management. Using transect line and plot sampling across nine 0.09 ha plots, 117 mangrove individuals were identified, predominantly Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora mucronata. Density varied by growth stage, with mature trees averaging 87 individuals/ha, saplings 17 individuals/ha, and seedlings 13 individuals/ha. Despite lower species diversity compared to nearby islands in the Bangka Belitung Province, Kelasa Island exhibits higher seedling density. The mangrove community is largely dominated by R. apiculata, indicating a trend towards monospecific dominance with robust regeneration. The forest spans approximately 2.57 ha on the island’s eastern coastline, characterized by sandy coral fronts and muddy-rocky substrates. Though relatively young and sparsely distributed, the mangrove stands show ecological stability, demonstrated by high dominance indices and uniformity across growth stages. These findings underscore the critical role of R. apiculata in maintaining ecological balance within the Kelasa Island mangrove ecosystem under moderate environmental pressures. The study highlights the importance of conserving these mangrove communities for their resilience, coastal protection, and biodiversity contributions.
Analysis Winds Data from ASCAT and SAR Backscatter using Statistical and Modeling Methods during Tropical Cyclone Anggrek (2024) in Indian Ocean
Authors: Amabel Amedea Santoso Annisa , Wicaksono Ashari
Published: February 2025

Tropical cyclones are extreme weather phenomena characterized by strong winds that can cause damage to coastal areas, so accurate measurement of wind speed during tropical cyclones is very important. This study aims to measure the intensity of wind speed during the occurrence of Tropical Cyclone Anggrek in 2024 using microwave data from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) and Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT), both of which have different wind speeds in each measurement product. The methods used in this study include statistical analysis of wind speed data obtained from both sources, and data adjustment using the CMOD7D-v2 model to achieve consistency between SAR and ASCAT wind speed estimates. The results of the analysis show that this adjustment can reduce the SAR and ASCAT wind errors and show lower bias values. This research is expected to help the use of CMOD7D adjustment for wind speed analysis during tropical cyclones. CMOD7 GMF adjustment can help eliminate wind speed differences between SAR and ASCAT data, the analysis results show that the wind speed bias is reduced by 25.07% on January 27, while on January 29 it is reduced by 4.39%.
Computational Study of Trisindoline 5 Against Overexpressed EGFR Protein on Breast Cancer Stem Cell
Authors: Nurhayati A.P.D. , Fatoni M. , Santoso M. , Wati F.A.
Published: February 2025

The current treatment to control the proliferation rate of breast cancer is still not optimal due to the presence of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) which are resistant to several chemotherapy agents. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) may promote the survival of BCSCs. The existing inhibitory drugs used to treat the EGFR that act as the master regulator of the signaling network still have a limited response in breast cancer. Trisindoline is an indole trimer alkaloid natural compound that provide a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. In 2021, modification of trisindoline has been synthesized into trisindoline 5. This study aims to analyze the interaction between trisindoline 5 and EGFR through in silico. Data retrieval trisindoline 5 using ChemDraw, doxorubicin as positive control from PubChem, EGFR from RCSB database. Docking was done using AutoDock Vina and the results were visualized using Biovia Discovery Studio. The binding affinity of trisindoline 5 is lower than doxorubicin to the EGFR. Trisindoline 5 can inhibit EGFR binding site on some amino acids and forms hydrogen bonds that predicted to be more stable. This research informed that trisindoline 5 might be potential for developing novel therapeutic drug against BCSCs.
Rejected Products from Creamer and Milk Industry as Feeding Substrate for Maggot – Green Technology for Industrial Organic Waste Management and Circular Bioeconomy
Authors: Rodlia Fitriana Aulia , Yekti Bagastyo Arseto , Rizkivia Radita Deqi
Published: February 2025

The creamer and milk industries produce organic waste, including rejected products. The rejected products have potential as maggot-feeding substrates. This research consists of two preliminary studies. This study analyzed the effects of substrate composition and the addition of milk-rejected on larval growth. The substrates were creamer (A), fruit-vegetable waste (B), and rejected bread (C). The dry weights of A:B:C in the first preliminary study: 5:2.5:2.5; 5:2:3; 5:1:4; 6:2:2; 6:1:3; 4:3:3; 4:2:4; and 4:1:5. The feeding rate was 40mg/larva.day per 2 days. The optimal compositions were 5:2.5:2.5 and 4:3:3. The larval mass reached 0.236 and 0.187 g/larva, and the Growth Rates were 6.45 and 4.39 g/day. The WRI was 5.46% and 4.19%. More creamer inhibited maggot growth due to the sticky substrate, which inhibited their respiration and movement. Maggot also requires a balanced B:C composition. These compositions were tested in the main research and added 1 more variation (3:3.5:3.5). Rejected milk has a positive effect on maggot growth. At the same composition, the highest average masses were 0.192 g/l (milk addition) and 0.187 g/l (without milk addition). It was concluded that rejected creamer and milk can be used as substrates for maggots with a balanced composition of other waste.
Assessing the Requirement for Green Open Spaces on the Soekarno Hatta Street’s Road Median in Balikpapan City Based on Motorized Vehicle’s Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Authors: Zidan Muhammad , Rahendaputri Chandra S.
Published: February 2025

Growing number of populations can lead to an increase of Greenhouse gas (GHG). The increasing amount of GHG can lead to devastated environment and global warming. From all human activities, transportation contribute highest, as previous study mentioned that motorized vehicle emissions contribute to 70% to air pollution in Indonesia. In Balikpapan city, in 2022, the number of motorized vehicles was 3,527,657 units. This number is increasing from 2021 which is 700,457 units. The increasing number of vehicles can result in an increase in CO2 which can have an impact on health and global warming. One way to reduce CO2e is with Green Open Space (GOS). In this study, the amount of CO2 emissions was calculated using the fuel consumption method. After that yearly emission was forecasted. Furthermore, GOS needed in the Soekarno Hatta Road segment was calculated based on the amount of forecasted CO2 per year. It was found that the busiest time in Soekarno Hatta Street segment is 16.00-18.00 WITA with estimated CO2emissions in weekday is higher than that in weekend. The estimate number of emissions in one day reaching 2,910.89 Kg- CO2/day in weekend and 2,072.44 Kg- CO2/year in weekend with a total estimated CO2 emissions per year of 977,348.49 Kg- CO2/year. Thus, 717 units of Pucuk Merah (Syzygium oleana) per year needed to absorb this CO2 emissions.
Correlation of macronutrient and micronutrient intake with anemia status in pulmonary tuberculosis patients at namorambe community health center
Authors: Aritonang Evawany Yunita , Manalu Sarah Patumona , Manalu Samuel MH
Published: February 2025

Pulmonary TB is an infectious disease that is still a problem, both in diagnosis and treatment, however the success of pulmonary TB treatment is greatly influenced by many factors including the presence of sufferers, comorbidities, smoking habits, food consumption and nutritional status. Namorambe District, Deli Serdang Regency is one of the sub-districts in Deli Serdang which has the highest cases of pulmonary TB, namely 312 cases in 2022. Cure of TB disease is also supported by the health status of TB patients which cannot be separated from nutritional status which is influenced by food consumption, both macro and nutritional nutrients. micronutrients. In theory, there is a relationship between food intake and anemia status and infection, namely that infection will be reduced with good nutritional intake and conversely, infection will be made worse if nutritional intake is not good. This study aims to analyze the relationship between macronutrient and micronutrient consumption and anemia status in pulmonary TB patients. The samples in this study were TB patients in the Deli Serdang Regency health center area who had been confirmed positive for TB and underwent a treatment process for at least one month. The research design used was a survey with a prospective study design. The test for the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable was carried out using chi square analysis. The research results showed that 83.35% of people with pulmonary TB were in the very productive age group in terms of income (15-58 years). There were 43.3% of respondents who had abnormal nutritional status. Based on the level of nutritional adequacy, 25 respondents (83.3%) had insufficient energy intake, 18 respondents (60%) had insufficient protein intake, 21 respondents (70%) had insufficient iron intake, and 19 respondents had insufficient zinc intake. less (63.3%). This research shows that the majority of respondents adhere to taking anti-tuberculosis drugs with moderate and high compliance levels of 30% and 63.3% respectively. The results of statistical tests between energy intake and anemia status showed a significance value (P value) of 0.14 (p>0.05). The conclusion in this study is that there is a significant relationship between intake of macronutrients (protein) and micronutrients (zinc and iron) and anemia status in pulmonary tuberculosis sufferers; and there is no significant relationship between energy intake and anemia status in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the Namorambe Community Health Center Area. Tuberculosis sufferers are at risk of experiencing abnormal body conditions due to a weakened immune system, so it is important for pulmonary tuberculosis sufferers to consume foods that meet their iron needs, such as meat, fish, cultivated vegetables and whole grains.
Characteristics of pensi pempek (Corbicula moltkiana) on tapioca flour substitution with sago flour
Authors: Budaraga I Ketut , Sidabalok Inawaty , Rasyid Said Abdul
Published: February 2025

Pempek has a particular taste, is popular with the people, and has a high economic and nutritional value. The issue remains the use of flour from other countries, so it is vital to optimize the use of local products such as sago flour and substituting pensi for mackerel. This study aimed to investigate the impact of replacing tapioca flour with sago flour on the quality of pempek pensi (Corbicula Moltkiana). Observational data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) at a significance level of 5%. The treatment in this study was a combination of tapioca flour and sago flour, namely: A = 70% : 30%, B = 60% : 40%, C = 50% : 50%, D = 40% : 60%, E = 30% : 70%. Based on the results of organoleptic tests, Pempek Pensi (Corbicula Moltkiana) is most preferred by consumers, namely treatment B with a formulation of 60% tapioca flour and 40% sago flour, with an average of 4.41 organoleptically, with water content (47.43), ash content (1.75), fat content (12.32), protein content (21.56), and carbohydrate content (16.52).
Literature review of lean, agile, resilient, green (LARG) in automotive manufacturing industry
Authors: Purba Humiras Hardi , Aisyah Siti , Hasibuan Sawarni , Jaqin Choesnul
Published: February 2025

The lean, agile, resilient, green (LARG) aspect approach that has been implemented by several industries globally, is an important indicator of industrial performance in the future. Comprehensive implementation of LARG is not easy, especially for companies with limited resources, because it requires the support of relatively expensive machine and equipment technology. Research examining the application of LARG in the manufacturing industry sector in general has been carried out by many researchers, but the tendency is for partial implementation, especially in the manufacturing industry. Along with the development of the Indonesian national automotive industry which continues to grow after the COVID19 Pandemic, each company needs to increase its competitiveness based on LARG with each of its indicators. This study conducted a literature review on the application of LARG aspects in the automotive industry. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of the LARG approach in the automotive industry. The stages carried out in this study are: literature search from journal databases, filtering results based on keywords and criteria, systematic review of filtered papers to provide further understanding. The results of the literature review show that research on the application of LARG in the automotive industry is still carried out partially with dominant lean and green aspects. Meanwhile, the implementation of agile and resilient aspects tends to be limited.
Dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and crude fibre digestibility of local goats supplemented with herbs and humic acid
Authors: Dwatmadji Dwatmadji , Suteky Tatik , Soetrisno Edi , Situmorang Novi Yanti , Sitinjak Elsa Hotdiantama
Published: February 2025

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of herbs and humic acid supplementation on Dry Matter, Organic Matter, Crude Protein, and Crude Fibre digestibility of local goats. Twenty-four growing female goats were randomly allocated in completely randomized design experiments with 4 treatments and 6 replications. The 4 treatments were the addition of herbs with No humid acid (T-0), Herbs + 2 g humid acid/goat (T-1), Herbs + 4 g humid acid/goat (T-2), and Herbs + 6 g humid acid/goat (T-3). The herbs used were a mix of Melastoma malabatrichum, Andrographis paniculata, Curcuma longa, and Nigella sativa. All goats were given the same amount of Tofu waste, fermented Palm Oil Sludge, and grasses. Feed offer, feed residue, fecal output, and digestibility were measured during a 7-day measurement period, with an adaptation period of 3 weeks. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance followed by Duncan's post-hoc test. Results showed no difference among all treatments on the intake of dry matter intake and organic matter, crude protein, and crude fiber. ADG and DMI/metabolic body weight of T-1 were significantly higher than that of the other treatments. The addition of herbs and humic acid tended to increase dry matter intake per metabolic body weight and increased significantly (P<0.05) for all feed digestibility measures. The digestibility of goats with supplementation of herbs and humic acid 2 g/goat (T-3) was significantly higher (p<0,05) than that of all treatments. It could be concluded that a combination of herbs and 2 g humid acid supplementation improves the digestibility of local goats.
Utilization of spatial technology in making land suitability class map for mango (Mangivera indica L.) plants in south langowan district, Minahasa East Coast
Authors: Pakasi Sandra , Rotinsulu Wiske , Todingan Melisa
Published: February 2025

Land suitability evaluation is very important in the process of matching land types to specific uses. This study aims to make a map of the distribution of land suitability classes for mango plants in South Langowan District by utilizing Spatial Technology. This research was conducted using field survey and geoprocessing methods. Data collection techniques are documentation, observation, and laboratory analysis. Determination of land suitability classes using the method from FAO, namely matching the observation variables there the conditions for growing mango (Mangivera indica L.) plants and land quality/characteristics. In this study, 30 land map units covering an area of 4910.82 Ha were obtained which were spread over several villages in South Langowan District. The resulting land suitability class map is S1 land suitability class (Highly suitable) for nutrient retention criteria and available nutrients. While the criteria for temperature and rooting media are included in the land suitability class S2 (Moderately suitable) and for the criteria for water availability and the level of erosion hazard are generally included in class S3 (Marginally suitable). While the level of erosion hazard is a criterion that gives class N (Not suitable) for mango plants in 12 (twelve) land mapping units with an area of 258.16 Ha or around 5.26%. Meanwhile, 18 (eighteen) land mapping units covering an area of 4652.66 Ha, or around 94.74% are suitable for the development of mango plants.
Risk analysis of PPP financing for toll road project
Authors: Suwandairi Y.D. , Suratkon A. , Amin M. , Tsarwan O.T. , HJ Wahyu
Published: February 2025

The Indonesian Government has limited funds to provide infrastructure facilities for its population of 261 million people, which requires an investment of US$ 6.445 trillion. Only 37% of this can be covered by government funds, necessitating the use of private funds for the remaining 63%. Public-Private Partnership (PPP) offer a solution for infrastructure development in Indonesia, where the government collaborates with the private sector to provide public infrastructure. However, PPP implementation faces challenges, such as changes in bank financial policies that affect financing schemes. The purpose of this study is to analyze the feasibility and variable risks of project funding through sensitivity analysis. A single case study approach was used to gather data. The results indicate that the Serang-Panimbang toll road project is feasible. Additionally, three parameters are identified as high risk: investment cost, income, and interest rate. The findings of this study are beneficial for the government and construction service actors involved in PPP projects. They also serve as a valuable literature review for academics studying PPPs.
The use of calcined oyster shell and rock flour to improve the nutritive value of rice straw preserved in airtight wrapping for feeding cattle under a tethered herding system
Authors: Khalil Khalil , Ananta Dwi , Andri Andri , Hermon Hermon
Published: February 2025

Rice straws are a cheap source of fodder, but they are underutilized as feed due to their low voluntary intake and susceptibility to physical and microbial damage. The present study aimed to define the beneficial effect of calcined oyster shells and rock flour as preservative agents to maintain the physical appearance, palatable component, moisture, nutrient content, and nutritional value of rice straw preserved in an airtight wrapping method. Rice straws in intact and fresh form were sprayed with 1.2% molasses and 0.15% urea solution and sprinkled with 1% calcined oyster shell (cOS), 1% calcined rock flour (cRF), and a mixture of 0.5% cOS+0.5% cRF. The straws were preserved in airtight wrapping for 60 days. Fresh and preserved straws were assessed for organoleptic values, botanical fractions, and proximate and fiber fraction content. The nutritive values were evaluated through a feeding trial using young Pesisir bulls reared under a tethering herding system. There were four experimental diets: fresh rice straw (FRS), cOS preserved rice straw, cRF preserved rice straw, and cOS+cRF preserved rice straw. Parameters measured included DM intake, weight gain, blood hematology, protein, and mineral profiles. Results found that preserved rice straws had higher moisture and crude protein content than fresh straws. Preserved rice straws supplemented with a mixture of calcined shells and rock flour had significantly better texture and microbial status than that of either calcined shell or rock flour. Feeding preserved rice straw supplemented with a mixture of calcined shells and rock flour improved body weight gain that was not significantly different from the fresh straw. In conclusion, using preservatives as a mixture of calcined shells and rock flours produces the best-preserved rice straw for feeding cattle.
Fabrication of SO42--ISE based on Copolymer of Methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate (MB28) Thin-film and Graphite Pencil Electrode (GPE)
Authors: Alva Sagir , Arwati I Gusti Ayu , Hasbullah Siti Aisyah , Aziz Aiman Sajidah Abdul , Khaerudini Deni Shidqi
Published: February 2025

The SO42- -ISE sensor fabrication process based on MB28 and GPE membranes has been successfully implemented. In this study, the MB28 membrane was prepared using the photo-polymer technique on the surface of a polypyrrole with KCl as a dopant layer previously coated on the GPE surface. In this study, the optimum composition of the MB28 membrane consisted of 1 mg of lipophilic salt TDDACl and a 1:2 mole ratio sulfate ionophore, where the resulting slope approached the Nernstian number with a linear range between 0.1 -10-6 M. Meanwhile, selectivity tests were carried out using the FIM, where SO42--ISE provides good selectivity to I-, Cl- and NO3- ions. This fabricated sensor can work for 12 days at pH 3-9 and provides performance comparable to the gravimetric method according to SNI 19-6964.5-2003.
Wind Power Potential Analysis for Sustainable Development in Northern Sumba
Authors: Hesty N.W. , Fithri S.R. , Aminuddin  , Nurrohim A. , Raharja M.B. , Kuncoro A.H. , Nurliyanti V. , Niode N. , Pranoto B. , Pandin M.
Published: February 2025

This study analyzes the wind characteristics and energy potential at two locations in Indonesia, Haharu and Laepori, on the northern coast of Sumba, over ten years (2011-2020). The data were obtained from NASA’s Langley Research Center (LaRC) POWER Project and processed using windographer software. The analysis covers various aspects such as wind speed, wind direction, Weibull distribution parameters, wind power density (WPD), and the net energy output of a horizontal wind turbine. The results show that both locations have similar wind patterns and performance, with minor differences in certain months and years. Haharu generally has a higher average wind speed, wind power density, and net energy output than Laepori. The dry season (May to August) is the most favorable period for wind energy production at both locations, while November, December, and March are the least favorable. The prevailing wind direction is southeast for both locations. The study employs an 800 kW Enercon E-48/800 kW turbine to evaluate the potential electrical energy output. The results show that Haharu outperforms Laepori’s net mean power output, with Haharu producing 106.8 kW compared to Laepori’s 103.8 kW.
Optimizing the Citra Raya Conservation Lake as Raw Material for Clean Water Treatment in the Citra Raya Residential Area, Tangerang
Authors: Suprapti S. , Vebruara Ringgo , Hidayat Acep , Isradi Muhammad , Firdaus Hendy Yusman
Published: February 2025

In Tangerang Indonesia, the Citra Raya residential area, three Citra Raya Conservation Lakes function as sources of clean water production. The area is flooded when the lake overflows during the rainy season. Community access to clean water is disrupted throughout the dry season due to a decrease in clean water discharge. So an effort is needed to increase the sustainability of its availability in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). This research was conducted to determine the water balance and improve water management in the three lakes. The water demand study was carried out based on the number of active consumers in 2020 and predictions until 2025. Flow characteristics and a basic planning-month approach were used to analyze water availability. Water balance analysis is used to compare the availability of reliable discharge and its needs as a basis for optimization. Optimization using linear programming. Optimization results show that the availability of raw water in the conservation lake is sufficient to meet the clean water demand of the Citra Raya area every month. However, in reality, there are problems such as pipe leaks and legal violations. This requires further research.