bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
UNDERSTANDING OFFSHORE PETROLEUM ACTIVITIES INDUCED SOCIOECONOMIC DYNAMICS OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN OIL-BEARING COASTAL COMMUNITIES OF NIGERIA
Authors:   Department of Political Science and International Relations, Faculty of Humanities, North West University, Mafikeng, South Africa., David Dan-Woniowei Fie , Ojakorotu Victor ,   Department of Political Science and International Relations, Faculty of Humanities, North West University, Mafikeng, South Africa.
Published: December 2020

The study creates an understanding ofoffshore petroleum activities induced socioeconomic dynamics of rural households in oil-bearing coastal communities of Nigerias Niger Delta. It was carried out in six littoral Local Government Areas, 3 each from Bayelsa and Delta States in the Niger Delta, usinga sample size of 471 inhabitants, selectedrandomly, and are administered with astructured questionnaire each to obtain thedata required. It was analysed with the aid of SPSS to ascertain howvarying their opinions were to the issue in the region. It was discovered that offshore petroleum activitiesinducesocioeconomic changesto the age limit, sex and marital status, educational level, household size, among others of the rural households with respect toliving in the coastal oil-bearing/fishingcommunities of Nigerias Niger Delta. The recommendation is that stakeholders of the petroleum industryshould be mindful of the socioeconomic changes affecting the rural households and endeavour to create a balance betweenpetroleum exploitingand living in the region.
MONITORING DROUGHT VULNERABILITY AT DIFFERENT TIME SCALES: A CASE STUDY FROM RAJSHAHI DISTRICT, BANGLADESH
Authors:   Associate Professor, Data Mining Research Group, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh., Mostafizur Rahman Md. , Sayedur Rahman M. ,   Professor, Environmental Research Group, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh.
Published: December 2020

Drought is a slow onset natural disaster which creates a threat to social and agro-ecological balance. The failure of rain and the occurrence of drought during any particular growing season may lead to severe food shortage and increase vulnerability. The purpose of this study is to estimate the Drought Index (DI) in multiple time scales for Rajshahi district of Bangladesh.The 52 years daily rainfall data during the period 1964-2015 used for analysis. There were some missing data over that range. We separated this time interval in 5, 7 and 10 days series format then we estimate missing value by using imputtation method. Finally, we used R code to analyze Markov Chain Model by considering threshold value 3mm. At first, we find out the Drought Index from the first transition probability matrix and then estimate with higher transition probability matrix. When the higher transition probability matrix became stable, then we estimate the DI. The empirical study showed that for 5, 7 and 10 days Drought Index (DI) followed extreme to moderate, mild to occasional, and extreme to occasionally drought respectively. But in first transition probability matrix it showed chronic drought and due to climate change after different stages chronic drought turned into severe, moderate, mild and occasional drought. In overall interpretation, we found mild for 5 days and occasional drought for 7 and 10 days respectively. By extracting information about drought characteristics that include its spatial extent, severity, and frequency are important for policy maker to take necessary steps in advance to mitigate the effect of drought for producing crops which will reduce the food insecurity and vulnerability for developing sustainable development.
AN EARLY EGYPTIAN EXPERIENCEIN OZAKI TECHNIQUE
Authors:   Associate Consultant Of Cardiothoracic Surgery,National Heart Institute, Imbaba, Giza, Egypt., A. El-badawy Mohamed , R. Abdelbaky Mohamed ,   Lecturer of Cardiology, National Heart Institute, Imbaba, Giza, Egypt., M. Abdalraouf Mostafa ,   Specialist of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sheikh Zayed Specialized Hospital, Sheikh Zayed City,Giza, Egypt., A. Zaher Hussein ,   Specialist of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Heart Institute, Imbaba, Giza, Egypt., Sobhyemara Ahmed ,   Lecturer of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty Of Medicine, Benha University, Qalubia, Egypt.
Published: December 2020

Background: The advantage of Ozaki technique for aortic valve replacement surgery over the conventional approach is still debated. This study aimed to evaluate early outcomes after aortic valve replacement using the Ozaki technique Methods: We prospectively included 20 patients who had aortic valve replacement May 2018 to June 2020. Postoperative bleeding, mechanical ventilation, ICU stay and echocardiographic outcomes were observed. Results: The mean age was 39.9ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â±14.8 (20-69) years.13 patient had aortic regurge while 7 had aortic stenosis. Aortic cross-clamp (76.2ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â±8.5 (60-100) and cardiopulmonary bypass times (103.8ÃƒÂ‚Ã‚Â±15.3 (80-125).One patient (5%) was converted to aortic valve replacement by mechanical valve due to significant aortic regurge. Neither significant gradient nor regurge was found on one month follow-up echography. Freedom from infective endocarditis was found in all patients. No significant difference was found in the ejection fraction pre and post-operative. Conclusion: This novel technique seems to have a promising and favorable outcome with no need for anticoagulation and lesser post-operative complication compared to ordinary aortic valve replacement. This technique is associated with low mortality and morbidity.
RECENT EVOLUTION OF WATER RESOURCES IN THE SASSANDRA CATCHMENT AREA (COTE DIVOIRE) IN A CONTEXT OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE
Authors:   PhD Student, Geosciences and Environment Laboratory,Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., Gauthier-Lopez Anouman Djoro , Alexis Ngo Yao ,   Associate Professor, Geosciences and Environment Laboratory,Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., Emile Soro Gneneyougo ,   Associate Professor, Geosciences and Environment Laboratory,Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire., Albert Goula Bi Tie ,   Full Professor,Geosciences and Environment Laboratory, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Cote dIvoire.
Published: December 2020

The objective of this study is to assess the impacts of climate change on the surface water resources of the Sassandra catchment area. This study conducted at the scale of the Sassandra sub-catchment areas took into account six (6) sub-catchment areas: Bafing in Badala, Boa in Vialadougou, Davo in Dakpadou, Lobo in Nibehibe, Nzo in Kahin and Sassandra in Semien. The methodological approach is based on the evaluation of the drying up coefficients, the duration of drying up and the volumes of water mobilized by the aquifers. All these parameters were estimated using Maillets law. The analysis of the different dynamics was carried out using the cumulative sums test. The results showed that the breaks in rainfall and the drying up coefficient were between 1982 and 2000, 1985 and 2003 respectively. After these breaks, the drying up coefficients increased (Bafing in Badala, Boa in Vialadougou and Davo in Dakpadou) from 17 to 25.9% and decreased (Lobo in Nibehibe and Nzo in Kahin) from 1.4 to 6.3%. A shortening of 3 to 5 days was observed on the Bafing in Badala, the Boa in Vialadougou and the Davo in Dakpadou. The volumes of water mobilized by the aquifers decreased on the Bafing in Badala, the Davo in Dakpadou and the Sassandra in Semien.While they increased on the Boa in Vialadougou, the Lobo in Nibehibe and the Nzo in Kahin.
MACROGLOSSIE SPONTANEE AIGUE : QUEL EST VOTRE DIAGNOSTIC?
Authors:   Service de Chirurgie Maxilla-Faciale Et Stomatologie, Hopital Des Specialites, CHU Ibn-Sina Rabat., Sayad Z. , Azzam I. ,   Service dORL-CCF, Hopital Des Specialites, CHU Ibn-Sina Rabat., Boulaadas M. ,   Service de Chirurgie Maxilla-Faciale Et Stomatologie, Hopital Des Specialites, CHU Ibn-Sina Rabat., Essakalli L. ,   Service dORL-CCF, Hopital Des Specialites, CHU Ibn-Sina Rabat.
Published: December 2020

Labces de la base de langue est une entite tres rare quil faut suspecter devant une macroglossie aigue febrile.il sagit dune urgence medico-chirurgicale pouvant engager le pronostic vital. Peu de cas sont decrits dans la litterature. Nous rapportons le cas dun abces spontane de la base de langue et du plancher buccal chez un enfant de 4 ans. La clinique est peu specifique dou linteret de limagerie en particulier la TDM qui permet de poser le diagnostic et de prevoir la conduite ÃƒÂƒÃ‚Â tenir therapeutique. Sa prise en charge est fondee avant tout sur la liberation des voies aeriennes superieures, la mise en route dune antibiotherapie adequate et un drainage chirurgical de la collection.
FUNDING AND PERFORMANCE OF HIGH-LEVEL INDIVIDUAL SPORT IN BENIN
Authors:   Laboratory of Sociology of Organizations and Development (LASOD), National Institute of Youth, Physical Education and Sport, University of Abomey-Calavi, Porto-Novo, Benin., Coffi David Akouete ,   Center for Research in Social Sciences, Body, Sport (CreSco), Faculty of Sports Sciences, Toulouse III University (France)., Fifamin Judith AhounouaÃ¯kpe ,   ExercisePhysiologyResearch Unit (URPEF), Porto-Novo, Benin, National Institute of Youth, PhysicalEducation and Sport, University of Abomey-Calavi,01BP 169 Porto-Novo, Benin., Semako Julien Hounsou ,   Laboratory of Sociology of Organizations and Development (LASOD), National Institute of Youth, Physical Education and Sport, University of Abomey-Calavi, Porto-Novo, Benin., H. Pierre Dansou ,   ExercisePhysiologyResearch Unit (URPEF), Porto-Novo, Benin, National Institute of Youth, PhysicalEducation and Sport, University of Abomey-Calavi,01BP 169 Porto-Novo, Benin., Nadine Haschar-NOE ,   Center for Research in Social Sciences, Body, Sport (CreSco), Faculty of Sports Sciences, Toulouse III University (France).
Published: December 2020

This research work entitled Financing of high performance individual sport in Benin aims to analyze on the one hand, the effects of insufficient funding of high performance athletes in Benin on the development of individual sport and support of their elites and, on the other hand, the type of funding that would be best suited to this situation in Benin. It focuses on three sources of funding for sport: public funding, self-funding and other sources of funding. The results of the study show that, on the one hand, the insufficiency of the budgets allocated to high-performance individual sports constitutes in part an obstacle to the development of this type of sport, and on the other hand, that public funding does not favor not the improvement of the performance of high performance individual athletes, compared to other sources of sport funding.
Determinants of interest rate spreads of conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Wijaya Chandra , Lucianna Yunika , Indriati Fibria
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the variables that determine the interest rate spreads (IRS) of conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). There are four major variables that affect a bank’s interest rate spreads, namely financial bank, macroeconomics, economic freedom and market structure variables. The study participants are conventional banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2017. Data was tested by using the OLS regression model. The results of this study show that all of the financial bank variables (Liquidity Risk (LR), Return to Asset Ratio (RTAR), Capital Adequacy (CA), Cost Efficiency Ratio (CER), and Risk Aversion (RA)) can significantly affect interest rate spreads. While of the macroeconomic variables, only two can significantly affect interest rate spreads, namely Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Inflation Rate (IR). Furthermore, all of the variables of economic freedom and market structure can significantly determine interest rate spreads.
AcknowledgmentThe authors thank the Research Cluster of Governance and Competitiveness, Faculty of Administrative Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, for providing financial assistance and supporting materials related to discussion, and assistance in writing this paper.
Cooperative decision-making on fiscal and monetary policy in Iraq using the prisoner’s dilemma
Authors: Abdulzahra Hamdan Ahmed , Ali Hussein Safaa
Published: December 2020

This paper investigates the interaction between fiscal and monetary policy in Iraq after 2003 using the prisoner’s dilemma.The paper aims to determine the best form of coordination between these policies to achieve their goals; payoff matrix for both policies was constructed. To achieve the purpose, the quantitative approach was applied using several methods, including regression, building payoff matrices and decision analysis using a number of software.The results of the monetary policy payment function show that inflation rate has an inverse relationship with the auctions of selling foreign currency and a positive relationship with the government’s activity, while the fiscal policy function shows that real growth is positively related to price levels (the inverted Phillips curve) and correlates with the government’s activity. After using the Gambit Solution to determine the Nash balance, which is achieved through the expansion strategies of both policies to confirm the results, the Promethee-Gaia method was used for multi-criteria decision making. When the two policies interact with similar forces (50% each), the best decision is one of the expansionary strategies that help achieve their main objectives in the short and long term, represented by price stability and economic growth.The main conclusion is that the best way to achieve the goals of economic policy in Iraq is that the coordination of procedures between the two policies should be expansionary, since the Iraqi economy needs to be stimulated due to the under-exploitation of many its sectors, such as agriculture and industry.
Determinants of Islamic bank financing in the Middle East: Vector Error Correction Model (VECM)
Authors: Abusharbeh Mohammed
Published: December 2020

As the world has been struck with a global financial crisis, Middle Eastern countries have been affected as well. Thus, Islamic banks have expanded, and the competitive advantage has become intensive with the increased number of conventional banks in the global banking system. This manuscript is aimed to examine the impact of macroeconomic and bank-specific factors on Islamic bank financing in the Middle Eastern countries. Therefore, the Vector Error Correction Model and the Granger causality test were run from 2009 to 2018 to detect the long- and short-run relationship between the explanatory variables and Islamic bank financing. The results suggest that both inflation and profitability negatively impact Islamic bank financing in the long run. The paper also revealed bidirectional causality between the variables GDP and bank size and Islamic bank financing. It shows that GDP and bank size are highly dominant factors of Islamic bank financing in the short run. Thus, this paper provides evidence that any short-run shock in the variables of GDP, inflation, and bank size will cause a long-term relationship with Islamic bank financing. This article’s novelty is to ensure resilience within the Islamic banking system during and after the financial crisis. It provides evidence that Islamic banks can cushion their financial activities from economic volatility during the crisis. The results found can be used to predict the growth of Islamic bank financing in upcoming years in the Middle East and all emerging countries.
SIMULTANEOUS SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION AND CLASSICAL LEAST SQUARES METHOD: A SIMPLE EXPERIMENT TO INTRODUCE THE CONCEPT OF MULTIVARIATE CALIBRATION
Authors: Carvalho Jhonatas , Lopes Larissa , Vidal Luciano , Santos Poliana
Published: December 2020

We herein present an experiment where the concentrations of tartrazine, sunset yellow and amaranth in samples containing these three food dyes are determined by system of equations (SE) and classical least squares (CLS) multivariate calibration methods using light absorption data. Firstly, concentrations are obtained by means of the well-known SE method, that is, by solving a set of three linear equations in which the Beer-Lambert’s proportionality coefficients are obtained from analytical curves. Then, it is shown that the CLS method is a natural extension to SE, with an arbitrarily large number of equations. Nevertheless, within the CLS method, the unknown coefficients are found using mixtures with known concentrations of each dye. In order to introduce the students to the basics of algorithms and numerical computations, data treatment is performed in a command-line fashion using a freely available software. Advantages of multivariate calibration models over univariate ones are made clear, and the performance of the CLS and SE methods is compared based on the root-mean-square error
Synthesis of a Homologous Series of Trialkyl Arsines (C3-C12) and Applications of Arsenic Triiodide as a Synthetic Precursor
Authors: Ligiéro Carolina , Francisco Marcos , Gama Michelle , Carbonezi Carlos , Leocadio Isabela , de Souza Wladmir , Esteves Pierre
Published: December 2020

This work presents some modifications in the post-synthetic processing for a classical arsenic reagent: AsI3. In comparison with the widely used analog, the trichloride, arsenic triiodide presents several advantages such as low toxicity, air stability, and low volatility. It was used as a synthetic precursor in the preparation of a variety of arsenic(III) derivatives like arsines, arsenites, and thioarsenites. Besides that, AsI3 was submitted to a diversity-oriented Grignard reaction in the preparation of a homologous series of trialkyl arsines ranging from AsC3H9 to AsC12H27. The series was analyzed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry to provide a trialkyl arsines library that can be used for the direct analysis of natural samples.
Psychosocial Impacts of War and Trauma in Temsula Ao’s Laburnum for My Head
Authors:   PhD Research Scholar, Department of English and Foreign Languages, Bharathiar University,, T. Raam Kumar , Padmanabhan B.
Published: December 2020

Violence constantly carries trauma and suffering to combatants as well as non- combatants identically. It also brings enmity and negativity to everyone both emotionally and physically. The cause for any conflict does not emerge from single motive but depends on multiple factors like socioeconomic conditions, marginalisation, discrimination, political power and sometimes even environmental elements. In recent times, the conflicts often emerge among various regional groups rather than states. North Eastern part of India is one of the hotspots for such ethnic conflicts and violence. The major motives for bloody conflict between Indian Army and the underground armed rebels are perceived political imbalance and desire for a separate nation. Even the common civilians are forced to join the rebel groups without knowing consequences. Temsula Ao is one of the prominent English writers from Nagaland who through her moving narratives brings out the existent misery of conflict in her native land. The aim of this paper is to study the psychological impact of domestic violence over the combatants as well as non-combatants whose lives are inseparably intertwined with violence and bloodshed. Though violence is considered as typical condition of human nature most of the time it leads to unbearable trauma and misery. This paper also attempts to interpret the representation of women from the marginalised Ao community who finds difficult to preserve the customs and moral values in spite of regional revolt.
Improved fuzzy chance-constrained optimization of booster strategy for water distribution system under uncertainty
Authors: Wang Yumin , Zhu Guangcan
Published: December 2020

To sustain water quality in a water distribution system (WDS), disinfectant generally chlorine is boosted to the WDS. However, the concentration of chlorine should be limited to acceptable levels. The upper boundary of the range is set for preventing the occurrence of a disinfectant by-product, which is harmful to human health. The lower boundary of the range is set for controlling the growth of microorganisms as well as reducing the injection mass. As such, an optimization model was applied to solve the water quality issue in a WDS. However, in a WDS, chlorine decays and varies with time and space, affected by pipe material, temperature, pH value, and chlorine injection, etc. Therefore, in this paper, an improved fuzzy chance-constrained optimization model was proposed to optimize chlorine injection and location to maintain chlorine in a WDS distributed uniformly. The proposed model was applied to two WDSs to analyze the effect of reliability level and preference parameters on chlorine injection and location. The results indicated that the injection mass increased with the increase in preference parameter. The results also indicated that more booster stations can lower the injection mass, and two booster stations were suitable for WDS in Case 2. The method proposed can be applied to decide how and where to inject chlorine in a WDS under uncertainty, and can help managers determine whether an optimistic or pessimistic attitude should be taken under various reliability levels.
SPOŁECZNA NAUKA KOŚCIOŁA A AKTYWNOŚĆ EKONOMICZNA
Authors: Majda Janusz
Published: December 2020

W strukturze ekonomii istotnym zagadnieniem jest praca, dzięki której człowiek kreuje swoją osobowość i kształtuje właściwą pozycję funkcjonowania w wielu obszarach życia. Artykuł omawia społeczną naukę Kościoła w kontekście aktywności ekonomicznej wokół triady: praca jako powołanie człowieka w jego rozwoju, aktywność a rozwój człowieka, etyka inwestowania.
W KRĘGU WSPÓŁCZESNEGO ETOSU WYCHOWAWCY
Authors: Mitkiewicz Bartosz
Published: December 2020

Pojęcie wychowania nie jest terminem jednoznacznym. W swej strukturze zawiera proces wychowawczy, bądź rezultat tego działania. Zawsze jest jednak działaniem zawierającym się w schemacie pytań: kto?, co?, jak?, po co? w imię czego? Odnalezienie odpowiedzi na te pytanie po¬zwoli odnaleźć, drogę którą pomoże współczesnym pedagogom dokonać powrotu do świata fundamentalnych wartości, uzasadniających sens relacji wychowawczych oraz wyboru wizji wychowywanego człowieka.
WYCHOWANIE EKOLOGICZNE W DRUGIEJ RZECZPOSPOLITEJ
Authors: Wolter Edyta
Published: December 2020

Celem artykułu jest analiza, interpretacja oraz krytyka celowo wybranych przykładów źródeł drukowanych w zakresie wychowania ekologicznego w Polsce międzywojennej (1918-1939). Stanowią antecedencje najnowszych kierunków rozwoju edukacji ekologicznej w Polsce, a także są wpisane w pozytywny status tradycji – dziedzictwa kultury polskiej. W omawianym okresie historycznym zwrócono uwagę na wartość zależności natury i kultury, a wychowanie ekologiczne do ochronyśrodowiska życia pojmowane było jako działalność ujmowana w kategorii prądu kulturowego – wartości kulturotwórczej związków człowieka i środowiska przyrody. Wyjaśniano, że kultura jest częścią środowiskażycia, a jakość środowiska społeczno-przyrodniczego oraz myślenia i działania w kategoriach ekologicznych stanowi implikację całokształtu dziedzictwa kultury polskiej, tzn. w/w problemy nie powinny być wyjaśniane oddzielnie, lecz systemowo i wieloaspektowo.
EDUKACJA PERMANENTNA – POTRZEBA I FORMY
Authors: Wolicki Marian
Published: December 2020

Artykuł dotyczy aktualnej i ważnej dla edukacji społeczeństwa sprawy kształcenia ustawicznego, które należy dziś do istotnych zadań wyższych uczelni. Autor artykułu uzasadnia konieczność kształcenia ustawicznego paroma argumentami, takimi jak: akcentowana przez współczesną psychologię rozwojową potrzeba ciągłego rozwoju osoby ludzkiej, przemiany cywilizacyjne zachodzące we współczesnym świecie, konieczność zdobywania nowych kwalifikacji i kompetencji, oraz służba społeczeństwu. W końcowej części artykułu autor wskazuje na tę szczególną formę kształcenia ustawicznego, jaką są uniwersytety trzeciego wieku.
DZIECI RODZICÓW POZBAWIONYCH WOLNOŚCI
Authors: Domżalska Aneta
Published: December 2020

Uwięzienie jednego z członków rodziny pociąga za sobą negatywne skutki nie tylko dla funkcjonowania osoby skazanej ale także dla całego systemu rodzinnego. Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje wybrane elementy funkcjonowania dzieci rodziców pozbawionych wolności, z uwzględnieniem ich sytuacji emocjonalnej, wychowawczej i społecznej. Opracowanie zawiera także wnioski i postulaty dotyczące opisanej problematyki.
Programy telewizyjne o tematyce religijnej w recepcji dzieci i młodzieży
Authors: Krajewska Beata
Published: December 2020

Udział mass mediów w procesie wychowania dzieci i młodzieży wydaje się nieustannie wzrastać, zarówno z uwagi na coraz bardziej zaawansowaną technologię dającą nieograniczone możliwości, jak i rozbudzoną w młodym pokoleniu chęć posiadania coraz świeższych informacji. Konsekwencją tego jest spędzanie długich godzin w towarzystwie komputera, internetu, telewizji. Przedmiotem rozważań w niniejszym opracowaniu są następujące zagadnienia: funkcje telewizji i rodziny w wychowaniu dziecka, edukacja medialna, rodzaje programów oglądanych przez młodzież w telewizji, zainteresowanie programami o tematyce religijnej i ich ocena.
Kompetencje zawodowe ukraińskich nauczycieli w świetle literatury pedagogicznej drugiej połowy XIX i początku XX wieku
Authors: Yelagina Natalya
Published: December 2020

W artykule prześledzono rozumienie pojęcia kompetencji zawodowych nauczyciela w ukraińskiej literaturze pedeutologicznej drugiej połowy dziewiętnastego i pierwszej połowy dwudziestego wieku. Analizie poddano wybrane koncepcje kształcenia nauczycieli z tego okresu.
O niektórych uwarunkowaniach współczesnej recepcji arystotelizmu w perspektywie wychowania moralnego
Authors: Rutkowski Jan
Published: December 2020

Współczesne interpretacje, podzielonej na fragmenty, nauki Arystotelesa o etyce i polityce nie uwzględniają kontekstu całości myśli Stagiryty. Trudności pojawiające się w nowoczesnej percepcji arystotelizmu są związane z – kontynuowanym również obecnie – fundamentalnym sporem toczonym przez sofistów z filozofami. Istota tego sporu dotyczy istnienia niezależnych od ludzkiej woli, uniwersalnych norm moralnych.
PRACTICAL PERSPECTIVE OF INTEGRAL VISION OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION
Authors: Marszałek Lidia
Published: December 2020

The necessity of integral education, accepted as a leading idea for all pedagogical interactions, is an important challenge for modern preschool education. This challenge is not new both for preschool education and pedagogy which have their deepest origins in the idea of integrity and realise it in different forms and scopes. An integral character of preschool education, based on its main assumptions, implies similar references to preschool pedagogy, as reflected in the entire activity of kindergartens. Education contents assumes that, besides coming to knowledge on the world and developing their intellectual skills, children also work on their physical abilities and health-oriented attitudes, learn some prosocial behaviours with reference to family, community and bigger social groups, they are acquainted with the world of aesthetic values and shape their emotional and moral competences. Thus, integration of education contents is based on the rule of variability, care for proper relations of the contents and their selection from different educational fields. However, an analysis of the issues related to the modern human integrity proves that we often forget about a very important dimension – the spiritual one – in the fields of preschool pedagogy and education. The presented article is an effort to make practical references to modern preschool education in the aspect of stimulation of children’s spiritual development as the part of their life space which allows them to realise their own humanity.
Samodzielne macierzyństwo - wybór czy konieczność?
Authors: Korzeniecka Klaudia
Published: December 2020

Niniejszy artykuł prezentuje zjawisko samodzielnego macierzyństwa. Opisano w nim dwie grupy samodzielnych matek: tych, które zostały samotnymi rodzicami z konieczności, w wyniku zaistnienia zdarzeń losowych oraz matki, które dokonały świadomego wyboru, aby wychowywać dziecko bez pomocy drugiego rodzica. W pracy zostało przedstawione również samodzielne macierzyństwo z perspektywy realizacji funkcji rodzicielskich. Autorka poruszyła kwestię zaspokojenia potrzeb samodzielnych matek oraz opisała warunki rozwojowe dzieci samotnych matek.
Nowe trendy w zakresie technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnej (TIK) w edukacji wyższej na świecie
Authors: Durasiewicz Arkadiusz , Duranowski Wojciech Henryk , Barszczewski Tomasz
Published: December 2020

Artykuł przedstawia najnowsze kierunki rozwoju technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnej w edukacji wyższej na świecie, a także prognozę na najbliższe lata. Niektóre z przedstawionych idei są obecne w formie szczątkowej w Polsce, natomiast większość z nich nie jest aktualnie stosowana w szkolnictwie wyższym w Polsce. Wykorzystanie TIK wraz z systemami kształcenia na odległość (KnO) jest jednym z najważniejszych wyzwań polskiego szkolnictwa wyższego. W artykule autorzy omawiają trendy TIK w edukacji wyższej podejmowane przez czołowe ośrodki uniwersyteckie na świecie m.in.: mobile learning, internet rzeczy (ang. Internet of Things), poszerzona rzeczywistość (ang. augmented reality, AR) oraz open-source learning. Autorzy zastosowali metodologie studiów przypadku (case-studies) do opisania innowacyjnych praktyk implementacji TIK w szkolnictwie wyższym wraz z wnioskami praktycznymi dla polskich uczelni. Autorzy wprowadzają również koncepcje uniwersytetu XXI wieku, tzw. uczelni brokeringowej – jako nowej nieistniejącej jeszcze formy, która wyłoni się na styku zastosowania m-learningu, open-source learningu oraz MOOCs (ang. massive online open-courses), czyli masowych otwartych kursów internetowych.
Kierunki zmian samooceny uczniów o zróżnicowanych doświadczeniach edukacyjnych
Authors: Michalak Renata
Published: December 2020

Artykuł ma formę raportu z badań dotyczących dynamiki samooceny uczniów na przełomie edukacji wczesnoszkolnej i przedmiotowej. Badania miały na celu uchwycenie kierunków zmian samooceny uczniów wchodzących w przestrzeń nowych doświadczeń edukacyjnych związanych z podjęciem roli ucznia klasy IV. Zbadano samoocenę uczniów pod koniec klasy III i na początku klasy IV. Założono, że trudności, jakich doświadcza dziecko wstępujące w progi edukacji przedmiotowej, mogą stanowić źródło niekorzystnych napięć, strachu i lęku, co może objawiać się w zaniżonej samoocenie i obniżonym nastroju. Próbę badawczą stanowili uczniowie o zróżnicowanych doświadczeniach szkolnych wynikających z odmiennych strategii pracy nauczycieli edukacji wczesnoszkolnej. Przyjęto, że zróżnicowane doświadczenia edukacyjne wyniesione z dotychczasowej edukacji mogą odmiennie wpływać na psychospołeczne funkcjonowanie uczniów na kolejnych szczeblach edukacji.
Korczak’s postulate and justification for the child’s right to respect. Resume on pedagogical deontology and pedagogy of asylum
Authors: Włodarczyk Rafał
Published: December 2020

Theaim of this paper is to analyze the ethical justification of the norm of respect owed to children because of their particular social situation proposed by Janusz Korczak in his famous essay The Child’s Right to Respect. Recognition and proper application of this norm requires reviewing and understanding of its basics.
Mental health of children and youth – examples of actions in the area of prevention and mental health promotion in Polish schools
Authors: Czarnecka Martyna
Published: December 2020

The percentage of children and youth in Poland suffering from mental health disorders is significant. Studies and numerous reports on mental health problems in children and adolescents indicate that in recent years the depression has particularly affected people under 18 years of age. WHO data also emphasizes that adolescent suicide is the third cause of death in this age group. The factors determining mental health can be divided into biological and psychosocial. They depend on individual experiences with their families, peers, or schools, as well as on their genetic equipment and brain functions. The mental health situation of children and adolescents in Poland prompted doctors, psychologists, scientific communities, teachers and educators on the one hand to search, analyze and determine the causes of the problems and take action, on the other, to improve the psychophysical condition of young people. The protection of mental health of children and youth in Poland, prevention and promotion of health are recognized as a priority in the health protection policy.
Teksty literackie w biblioterapii wychowawczej.
Authors: Kuracki Kamil
Published: December 2020

W artykule dokonano przeglądu dostępnej na rynku wydawniczym literatury biblioterapeutycznej oraz podjęto próbę uporządkowania eksponowanych w polskiej i światowej literaturze kryteriów doboru tekstów do zajęć biblioterapeutycznych, doprecyzowania ich, a także uzupełnienia o inne, w większym stopniu odnoszące się do świata przedstawionego i sposobu prowadzenia narracji w utworach epickich. Wskutek przeprowadzonych przez autora analiz zaproponowano autorską kategoryzację kryteriów oraz wskazano kierunek, w jakim mogą być one rozpatrywane, aby w konsekwencji biblioterapeuta miał szansę podjąć przemyślaną decyzję o ewentualnym wykorzystaniu tekstu w biblioterapii.
Akceptacja osób z niepełnosprawnością a doświadczenia integracyjne w szkole
Authors: Kazanowski Zdzisław , Żyta Agnieszka
Published: December 2020

Temat dotyczący akceptacji osób z niepełnosprawnością ma charakter wielowymiarowy i może być analizowany w odniesieniu do różnych czynników. Opracowanie prezentuje wyniki badań poziomu akceptacji osób z niepełnosprawnością w kontekście wcześniejszych kontaktów badanych z takimi osobami w szkole. Oddzielnie analizowano kontakty badanych z osobami z niepełnosprawnością w szkole podstawowej, gimnazjum i szkole ponadgimnazjalnej (średniej). W badaniu uczestniczyło 313 osób, w tym 156 kobiet (49,84 proc.) i 157 mężczyzn (50,16 proc.). Średnia wieku badanych wynosiła 34,7 lat. W badaniach zastosowano Skalę Akceptacji Osób z Niepełnosprawnością autorstwa Z. Kazanowskiego. Wyniki ujawniły, iż badani deklarowali najwyższy poziom akceptacji w odniesieniu do włączenia osób z niepełnosprawnością do instytucji życia społecznego, gotowość natomiast do uznania ich kompetencji znajdowała się na najniższym poziomie. Wystąpiły także istotne statystycznie różnice (p<0,005) między osobami, które miały w szkole kontakt z niepełnosprawnymi uczniami i tymi, które nie miały takich doświadczeń, szczególnie w zakresie akceptowania wsparcia udzielanego osobom z niepełnosprawnością.
Kształcenie humanistyczne jako proces hermeneutyczny
Authors: Ratajczak-Parzyńska Dagmara
Published: December 2020

W perspektywie pedagogiki humanistycznej kształcenie humanistyczne w szkole jest czymś więcej aniżeli tylko nauczaniem przedmiotów humanistycznych. Pedagogika humanistyczna, nie negując standaryzacji kształcenia szkolnego, postuluje uwzględnienie wymiaru egzystencjalnego nauczania w szkole. Istotnymi elementami kształcenia powinny stać się samorozumienie, odczytywanie sensów i wartości różnych form życia oraz ich interpretacja i uwewnętrznienie. Takie rozumienie procesu dydaktycznego wynika z humanistycznej koncepcji człowieka. W takim ujęciu byt ludzki nie jest tylko bytem empirycznym, lecz także bytem znaczącym. W artykule przyjęto rozumienie za podstawową kategorię epistemologiczną i ontologiczną nauk humanistycznych i kształcenia humanistycznego.
Motywy społecznego uczestnictwa seniorów w świetle wybranych teorii motywacji
Authors: Kilian Marlena
Published: December 2020

Celem artykułu jest określenie motywacji starszych osób do efektywnej pracy i podejmowania aktywności zawodowej po uzyskaniu uprawnień emerytalnych, w świetle analizy klasycznych teorii motywacji i badań empirycznych. Opracowanie ma charakter przeglądowy. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że w wieku senioralnym dla działalności zawodowej podstawowe znaczenie ma potrzeba wartościowego spędzania czasu, kontakt z innymi ludźmi, uczenie się i aktywność umysłowa, radość z wykonywania pracy mającej znaczenie, satysfakcja z wykorzystywania własnych umiejętności i kreatywności, poczucie zawodowych osiągnięć. W zaawansowanym wieku źródłem satysfakcji z pracy w większej mierze stają się czynniki wewnętrzne aniżeli zewnętrzne nagrody. Dla wzbudzenia wśród pracowników w wieku późnej dorosłości motywacji do pracy należy dać im możliwość wykonywania zadań w kontakcie z innymi ludźmi, w przyjemnej, pozbawionej stresu i presji atmosferze, prowadzących do rozwoju i samorealizacji.
Od dzieci ulicy do dzieci cyberulicy
Authors: Tempczyk-Nagórka Żaneta
Published: December 2020

Zjawisko dzieci ulicy, coraz lepiej poznawane, poddawane analizom teoretycznym i empirycznym oraz przyjmujące różne oblicza w zależności od środowiska gospodarczo-kulturowego, w którym funkcjonuje, w zderzeniu z rozwojem technologicznym społeczeństw informacyjnych, zaczyna ulegać w swych pewnych obszarach przekształceniom. W wyniku tego procesu z części dzieci ulicy, wywodzących się z domów o dobrym statusie materialnym, lecz zaniedbanych emocjonalnie, pozostawionych samym sobie i wędrujących bez rodzicielskiej kontroli po świecie wirtualnym, wyłania się grupa, którą można określić jako „dzieci cyberulicy”. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie powiązań między tymi zjawiskami zarówno w obszarze części uwarunkowań, form aktywności podejmowanych przez dzieci, zagrożeń, jak i założeń profilaktyczno-pomocowych.
Anxiety level in preschool biligual children (research report)
Authors: Gersamia Irine
Published: December 2020

In the modern era, interest in the problem of bilingualism has become increasingly intense. People of various nationalities, as well as voluntary or forced immigrants, have always lived in monolingual states. Once children and their parents find themselves in a foreign language setting, the issue of learning a second language arises. Parents wish their children to learn the official language of a country in question as soon as possible and therefore, try to provide their children with all possible conditions to facilitate the acquisition of the second language from an early age, for example, parents take their children to preschools where the learning process is conducted in a target language and the majority of children speak it. This article touches upon the issue of the emotional state, in particular, the level of anxiety of bilingual children in kindergartens. The purpose of the study was to find a relationship between anxiety and bilingualism and preschool institutions, as a foreign language environment, and to compare the levels of anxiety in monolingual and bilingual children.
Education and its visibility: school transformation initiatives in Poland
Authors: Sarbiewska Anna
Published: December 2020

This article analyses three present-day educational initiatives undertaken in Polish public schools on the basis of theoretical models of pedagogical culture. Considerations are directed towards actions of teaching, learning and a relationship between them – expressed in the term of education. The text consists of four sections. The first section presents pedagogical culture developing three theoretical models of educational concept. The second section provides explanation of the term “visibility” in educational processes with reference to the evidence based research. The third part offers an insight into the foundations of current pedagogical initiatives: Dalton Plan, Non Violent Communication and School Awakening in relation to the idea of visibility. Finally, the last section reviews visibility in educational processes and describes its nature in discussed school reform projects.
Deciphering the Neuroprotective Role of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Agonists in Diabetic Neuropathy: Current Perspective and Future Directions
Authors: Mehta Keshav , Behl Tapan , Kumar Arun , Uddin M. Sahab , Zengin Gokhan , Arora Sandeep
Published: December 2020

Diabetic neuropathy is referred to as a subsequential and debilitating complication belonging
to type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is a heterogeneous group of disorders with a particularly
complex pathophysiology and also includes multiple forms, ranging from normal discomfort
to death. The evaluation of diabetic neuropathy is associated with hyperglycemic responses, resulting
in an alteration in various metabolic pathways, including protein kinase C pathway, polyol pathway
and hexosamine pathway in Schwann and glial cells of neurons. The essential source of neuronal
destruction is analogous to these respective metabolic pathways, thus identified as potential
therapeutic targets. These pathways regulating therapeutic medications may be used for diabetic
neuropathy, however, only target specific drugs could have partial therapeutic activity. Various antidiabetic
medications have been approved and marketed, which possess the therapeutic ability to
control hyperglycemia and ameliorate the prevalence of diabetic neuropathy. Among all antidiabetic
medications, incretin therapy, including Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl
peptidase-4 inhibitors, are the most favorable medications for the management of diabetes
mellitus and associated peripheral neuropathic complications. Besides enhancing glucose-evoked
insulin release from pancreatic β-cells, these therapeutic agents also play a vital role to facilitate
neurite outgrowth and nerve conduction velocity in dorsal root ganglion. Furthermore, incretin therapy
also activates cAMP and ERK signalling pathways, resulting in nerve regeneration and repairing.
These effects are evidently supported by a series of preclinical data and investigations associated
with these medications. However, the literature lacks adequate clinical trial outcomes related to
these novel antidiabetic medications. The manuscript emphasizes the pathogenesis, current pharmacological
approaches and vivid description of preclinical and clinical data for the effective management
of diabetic neuropathy.
Synthesis, Biological Profile, and Molecular Docking of Some New Bis- Imidazole Fused Templates and Investigation of their Cytotoxic Potential as Anti-tubercular and/or Anticancer Prototypes
Authors: Kassab Refaie M. , Gomha Sobhi M. , Muhammad Zeinab A. , El-khouly Ahmed S.
Published: December 2020

Background:

There is a great need to discover more drugs with antimycobacterial
activities to fight lung cancer and tuberculosis (two of the deadliest diseases worldwide). To our
knowledge, the present study is the first to report the antimycobacterial activity of imidazole-fused
heterocycles.

Objective:

Construction of some bis-imidazole fused heterocycles with potential anti-tubercular and/or potent antitumor
activities.

Method:

A series of bis-imidazole fused derivatives 6-8 and 13-16 was constructed using bisphenacyl
bromide derivative 2 as a synthetic platform. Compound 2 was also used to access bisquinoxaline
20, bis-benzothiazine derivatives 23, and bis-thiazolopyrimidine derivatives 26. The new
bis-imidazole derivatives were evaluated for their anticancer activity against the lung carcinoma cell
line (A-549) using Cisplatin as a reference drug. The new compounds were also screened for their
anti-tubercular activity against M. tuberculosis (ATCC 25177) using Isoniazid as a reference drug.

Result:

Among the new bis-imidazole derivatives, three examples showed remarkable antitumor
activities while five other compounds showed high antimycobacterial activity.

Conclusion:

A novel series of bis-imidazole fused heterocycles was developed. Multiple prototypes
of this new series showed remarkable anti-tubercular and/or potent antitumor activities.
Efficacy and Cardiovascular Safety of GLP-1 Receptor Analogues
Authors: Iqbal Anoop Mohamed , Imamudeen Nasvin , Basheer Amjad , Menon Sukrita , Mohan Gisha , Sani Tesil Nedumkallel , Haroon Nisha Nigil
Published: December 2020

Glucagon-like peptide- 1 receptor analogs (GLP-1RAs) are incretin mimetics with potent
glucose-dependent insulinotropic action that translates to glycemic control in people with type-
-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These agents potentially have the ability to stimulate proliferation or
prevent apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells, induce weight-loss and provide vascular benefits in patients
with T2DM. Newer GLP-1RA, semaglutide has shown a robust reduction in HbA1c up to 1.5 -
1.8%. However, individual differences exist between the different GLP-1RAs, in terms of efficacy,
pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and vascular protection. The potential of vascular protection offered
by newer anti-diabetic agents has generated a lot of excitement in the field of diabetes, and to a
large extent, is now driving treatment decisions. So far, six cardiovascular outcome trials of GLP-1
RAs have been published, analyzing lixisenatide (ELIXA), liraglutide (LEADER), semaglutide
(SUSTAIN-6), long-acting exenatide (EXSCEL), dulaglutide (REWIND), and oral semaglutide (PIONEER
6) with a follow-up duration of 2-4 years. LEADER, REWIND and SUSTAIN-6 trials
have demonstrated a reduction in rates of major adverse cardiovascular events with active GLP-1
RA treatment, but ELIXA, PIONEER 6 and EXSCEL, have been neutral. In this review, we discuss
the available evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) analyzing the cardiovascular
effects of various GLP-1 RAs with the aim of comparing individual drugs. We have also summarized
the general aspects of GLP-1RAs that can be applied in clinical practice.
Restless Leg Syndrome in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis! Its Frequency, Severity, and Correlation
Authors: Naqvi Iftikhar Haider , Ahmed Jawad , Salim Maliha , Ubaid Muhammad , Malik Farheen , Afzal Razna , Ashrafi Muhammad Moinuddin , Khan Muhammad Arbaz Arshad
Published: December 2020

Background:

Restless leg syndrome (RLS) has been recognized as a typical additional manifestation among patients with cirrhosis of the liver. RLS prevalence in liver cirrhosis further worsens the quality of life, which has already been compromised with the disease-related complications of cirrhosis itself.

Aims:

The study aimed to determine the frequency and severity of Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) among patients with cirrhosis of the liver and to correlate its severity with the severity of cirrhosis.

Methods:

This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out at Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil Hospital (Karachi, Pakistan) from December 2019 to February 2020. Three hundred and fifteen cirrhotic patients with any etiology were included in the study after informed written consent. Restless leg syndrome with its severity was determined in all cirrhotic patients. For continuous variables, means and medians with standard deviations were calculated, while percentages and proportions were used for discrete variables. Spearman correlation was used to find significance between RLS Severity Score (RSS) and Model of End-stage Liver Disease MELD Score. A p value of < 0.05 was considered significant for all analyses.

Results:

The frequency of RLS among cirrhotic patients was 38.4%. More than half (54.5%) of the patients had severe RLS. Viral related hepatitis C and hepatitis B were the most common cause of cirrhosis of the liver (57.8% and 30.8%). A significant difference was found between as patients both with or without RLS in terms of age (p=0.003), gender (p=0.005), hemoglobin (p=0.00), and serum albumin (p=0.01). No significant association was found between RLS severity score and MELD Score (p=0.693).

Conclusion:

Prevalence of RLS is very high among cirrhotic patients, but no correlation was found between the severity of RLS and cirrhosis. Further studies should be carried out to assess the quality of life in cirrhotic patients having RLS.