bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUASI LAHAN UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN PERMUKIMAN DI DUSUN TELAGA KODOK NEGERI HITUMESSING KECAMATAN LEIHITU KABUPATEN MALUKU TENGAH
Authors: Rusman Rusman , Latupapua Andrias Izaac , Puturuhu Ferad , Luhukay Marcus
Published: November 2024

Research on Land Evaluation for Residential Development in the Telaga Kodok Hamlet area has been conducted with the aim of determining the suitability classes of residential land and identifying limiting factors. The land characteristics studied include slope, effective depth, flooding and ponding, drainage, rock, and soil texture. The weight of each characteristic was analyzed using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The analysis results indicate that there are 112.07 hectares (29.94%) of highly suitable residential zones, 166.67 hectares (44.53%) of moderately suitable zones with limiting factors such as moderate depth, poor drainage, and fine texture; 92.03 hectares (24.59%) of marginally suitable residential zones with limiting factors like steep slopes and fine texture; and 3.55 hectares (0.94%) of zones unsuitable for residential development.
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN SULFUR, NITROGEN, DAN KLORIN DALAM BIOPELLET BERBASIS LIMBAH PADAT KAYU PUTIH DAN GONDORUKEM
Authors: Pattiruhu Gysberth , Mustamu Sofia , Fransz Jimmy
Published: November 2024

In recent years, a transition towards renewable energy sources has begun to reduce fossil energy usage. One alternative renewable energy source is biopellets, which have gained public interest as an environmentally friendly fuel. Biopellets are a type of renewable energy derived from biomass, which, if it emits too much carbon, can lead to pollution. Carbon emissions are also related to combustion efficiency, as complete combustion can help reduce carbon emissions. This study aims to determine combustion emissions and combustion efficiency of biopellets made from eucalyptus solid waste with the addition of rosin to optimize the use of raw materials as renewable energy. The study employs an experimental laboratory approach with a factorial design to test the impact of sulfur, chlorine, and nitrogen content on the combustion efficiency of biopellets made from eucalyptus waste and rosin. Results indicate that the sulfur and chlorine content remain above the French standard (ITEBE), at 0.31% and 1.12%, respectively, while nitrogen content is below the standard at 0.48%. The resulting combustion efficiency ranges between 9.569% and 9.701%.
Viaduto de Santo Ovídio
Authors:   GRID International Consulting Engineers S.A,   Ferrovial/Alberto Couto Alves- Linha amarela ACE,   Electrofer Engenharia e Construção, SA,   VSL Sistemas Portugal, S.A.
Published: November 2024

O Viaduto de Santo Ovídio é parte integrante da extensão da linha Amarela do Metro do Porto, desde Santo Ovídio à Vila de Este. O viaduto apresenta um alinhamento curvo em planta, com um raio de 201,955 metros, e um comprimento total de 421,6 metros, composto por 6 vãos com a seguinte distribuição 62+80.6+3x74.4+55.8m. A solução estrutural do tabuleiro é uma treliça superior em aço (tipo viga invertida), com uma altura constante de 6977mm e uma esbelteza L/h de 12. O tabuleiro tem 10,2m de largura e acomoda duas vias de metro.
O Elevador dos Guindais: acelerador de mobilidade, exemplo de visão e de conforto
Authors:   Universidade de Coimbra, Murtinho Vitor , Maia Joana ,   Universidade de Coimbra
Published: November 2024

Apesar de pouco da infraestrutura inicial ter sobrevivido ao camartelo e à erosão do tempo, o funicular dos Guindais foi um importante meio de transporte na cidade do Porto. De algum modo, esta infraestrutura inaugurou um caminho decisivo nas condições e oportunidades de mobilidade urbana na cidade invicta. A par deste funicular, não será igualmente de menorizar o valor arquitetónico e cultural do designado Elevador do Bom Jesus do Monte, em Braga, dado este ter sido inaugurado em 25 de março de 1882, tornando-se no primeiro funicular a ser implementado na Península Ibérica. Sendo relevante o papel desenvolvido por Raoul Mesnier du Ponsard na implementação desta infraestrutura em Braga, torna-se compreensível que o mesmo nome aparecesse ligado ao empreendimento dos Guindais, dada a sua peculiar competência e forte ligação à cidade do Porto.1 Apesar da curta existência do Elevador dos Guindais, tendo sido encerrado compulsivamente no dia seguinte ao seu segundo aniversário, nem por isso deixou de ser um meio de transporte memorável e com grande impacto mediático no seu breve período de funcionamento.
Utilização de Sistemas Estruturais em Aço para a Viabilidade Técnica do Projeto e Construção da Cúpula do Half Pipe
Authors:   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Debona G. L. , Santos da Silva J. G. ,   Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Published: November 2024

A cidade do Rio de Janeiro (RJ) é um verdadeiro cartão postal do Brasil, apresentando-se aos olhos dos turistas como sendo de uma diversidade única, rica em paisagens naturais, cultura, história, acolhimento, belezas e tradições. Ou seja, a “Cidade Maravilhosa” é considerada um destino indispensável a ser visitado pelos amantes de viagens, sendo este um dos sete destinos do mundo para se conhecer antes de morrer, segundo a publicação do CNBC (do inglês Consumer News and Business Channel) feita no site Make It [1]. Historicamente, desde a transferência da capital brasileira para o Distrito Federal, o Rio de Janeiro traz consigo um forte apelo turístico no país, sendo cada vez mais significativo, e possuindo uma grande importância deste setor para sua economia. Neste contexto, nos últimos anos, o poder público investiu maciçamente em vários projetos, com a finalidade de valorizar esse potencial turístico, de onde se pode citar, dentre outros, a revitalização da área portuária que recebeu projetos de instalação de prédios públicos, urbanização e visibilidade das áreas de favela [2].
A nossa ponte suspensa rodoferroviária. A história e a técnica (4.ª parte)
Authors:   Tal Projecto, Abecasis Tiago
Published: November 2024

Tal como sucede em todas as grandes pontes suspensas, os três maiores vãos da ponte Salazar foram ultrapassados recorrendo à conjugação de duas tipologias de elementos resistentes: Os dois cabos de suspensão paralelos e a viga de rigidez. 1 – Cabos de suspensão Aos cabos de suspensão compete transformar as cargas verticais que lhe são transmitidas pelo tabuleiro, por via da viga de rigidez e dos pendurais, em esforços axiais de enorme intensidade e encaminhar esses esforços para as margens. A figura 3 exemplifica o comportamento de um cabo suspenso em dois pontos fixos e sujeito a uma carga vertical distribuída que lhe é transmitida por pendurais regularmente espaçados. Note-se que, sendo muito reduzida a distância entre os pendurais (cerca de 23 metros no caso da ponte sobre o Tejo), quando comparada com o vão a vencer pelo cabo, as forças discretas aplicadas pela sequência de pendurais, são para todos os efeitos, equivalentes a uma carga distribuída.
A nova EN 1090-2:2018 + A1:2024
Authors:   CMM, Gonçalves Sérgio
Published: November 2024

A norma que rege a execução dos componentes e estruturas em aço, foi recentemente alvo de uma revisão. Conheça as principais diferenças da adenda ao longo deste artigo. Desde julho de 2014, todos os fabricantes de componentes estruturais de aço e alumínio na Europa devem estar certificados de acordo com a norma EN 1090 para poderem comercializar os seus produtos. A EN 1090-2, uma das 5 partes que compõem a série de normas EN 1090, detalha os requisitos técnicos para o fabrico e montagem das estruturas ou componentes em aço. Publicada inicialmente em 2008, a norma EN 1090-2 foi revista em 2011 sob a forma de uma adenda A1 (EN 1090-2:2008+A1:2011), marcada pela introdução das classes de execução (EXC).
Comparative analysis of raw milk samples in Amasya region
Authors: İpek Semih Latif
Published: November 2024

Milk is a complete and incredibly nutritious food supply for humans. Millions of tons of raw milk have been processed by the dairy industry to meet huge public demand. Therefore, there are studies needed related to the classification of raw milks in the supply chain. The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of raw milk samples in Amasya region. Firstly, raw cow's milk is classified according to its protein and fat values. In the first period, the mean fat value of raw milk collected from three lines was found to be 3.86, 3.89, and 3.87 as (%) the percent value, respectively, while the mean protein value of raw milk collected from three lines was found to be 3.29, 3.28, and 3.25 as (%) the percent value, respectively. In the second period, the mean fat value of raw milk collected from three lines was found to be 3.93, 3.99, and 4.03 as (%) the percent value, respectively, while the mean protein value of raw milk collected from three lines was found to be 3.34, 3.35, and 3.34 as (%) the percent value, respectively. The findings indicated that during both periods, the daily raw milk collected from three lines is class A, where protein value (%) is 3.1 and above while fat value (%) is 3.5 and above. Since the quality of raw milk is important not only for milk consumers but also for the quality of the corresponding dairy products, the quality of raw milk must be controlled correctly. Consumer requirements for high-quality milk and dairy are of importance on dairy products.
РОЗВИТОК КРИТИЧНОГО МИСЛЕННЯ І РЕФЛЕКСІЇ ЯК СКЛАДОВИХ ЕМОЦІЙНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ ВЧИТЕЛЯ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ШКОЛИ
Authors: Федій Ольга
Published: November 2024

У статті здійснено теоретичний  аналіз феномену емоційної культури педагога у контексті філософсько-ціннісних обрисів понять «культура», «субкультура соціуму», «культура поведінки», «культура праці», «культура поведінки педагога». Емоційну культуру педагога початкової школи визначено як інтегративну компетентність, що  дозволяє педагогу розпізнавати, виражати та керувати своїми емоціями, а також підтримувати емоційний добробут учнів в освітньому середовищі школи. Досліджено організаційно-змістові та психолого-педагогічні особливості емоційної культури вчителя початкової школи. Доведено особливе значення критичного мислення та рефлексії у структурі емоційної культури педагога початкових класів. З’ясовані  базові навички критичного мислення та рефлексії педагога, які стають актуальними в умовах інформаційно-насиченого освітнього середовища початкової школи. Критичне мислення розглянуте як процес активного, цілеспрямованого мислення, що включає аналіз, оцінювання та синтез інформації, рефлексія тлумачиться як субʼєктна активізація процесів самопізнання, самоаналізу, самонавчання вчителя початкових класів у полі його емоційно-духовного та індивідуально-творчого становлення у професії.
Визначено  практичні стратегії розвитку критичного мислення і рефлексії як складових емоційної культури  майбутнього вчителя початкової школи. Представлено досвід застосування  технологій  розвитку критичного мислення та рефлексії як складових емоційної культури здобувачів спеціальності 013 Початкова освіта Полтавського національного педагогічного університету імені В.Г. Короленка.
Закцентовано увагу на педагогічному потенціалі ефективних естетотерапевтичних технологій розвитку критичного мислення та рефлексії у змісті підготовки  майбутніх вчителів початкової школи: арт-терапії, бібліотерапії, музикотерапії, педагогічної психодрами,  хобітерапії.
ПРО РОЗВИТОК ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-ЦИФРОВОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ ВЧИТЕЛІВ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ КОМП'ЮТЕРНОЇ ВІЗУАЛІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Юрченко Артем , Момот Роман , Семеніхіна Олена
Published: November 2024

Сучасні вчителі повинні бути готові до ефективного використання широкого спектру цифрових інструментів і ресурсів для підтримки навчання та розвитку своїх учнів. Також учителі повинні мати можливість створювати освітнє середовище, в якому цінуються цифрова грамотність і заохочується відповідальна та етична взаємодія, а також використовуються візуальні освітні матеріали та засоби комп’ютерної візуалізації. Такі потреби обумовлюють низку вимог до підготовки вчителів, зокрема розвитку інформаційно-цифрової культури вчителів як їх особистісної якості. Стаття присвячена проблемі розвитку інформаційно-цифрової культури вчителів через використання комп'ютерної візуалізації. Обґрунтовано, що засоби комп'ютерної візуалізації є потужним інструментом, який може значно покращити практику навчання, роблячи складні концепції більш доступними та привабливими для учнів. Визначено переваги використання комп'ютерної візуалізації. Зясовано, що розвиток інформаційно-цифрової культури вчителів відбувається під різним впливом: широке використання мобільних технологій; розвиток платформ онлайн-навчання; поява штучного інтелекту в освіті; розвиток цифрового громадянства. Виявлено типові теоретичні моделі, що підтримують інтеграцію технологій КВ у викладання: знання технологій, педагогіки та предметного змісту (модель TPACK); модель SAMR; модель TPACK-SAMR; соціальний конструктивізм як модель навчання; конективістська модель. Доведено використання різного дизайну досліджень у публікаціях: поширеність кейс-стаді; опитувань; глибинних інтерв'ю. Розглянуто поширені проблеми, з якими стикаються вчителі при впровадженні технологій та цифрових інструментів. Досліджено стратегії подолання проблем. Надано рекомендації для підвищення рівня розвитку інформаційно-цифрової культури вчителів.
Constraints from uranium and molybdenum isotope ratios on the origin of enriched mid-ocean ridge basalts
Authors: Rodney Joel , Andersen Morten , Murton Bramley , Elliott Tim
Published: November 2024

Most mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) are depleted in highly incompatible elements relative to the primitive mantle, termed normal (N)-MORB. Some MORB, erupted at ridge segments distal from mantle upwellings, are enriched in incompatible elements. The origin of these enriched (E)-MORB is debated, although many studies have argued for recycled oceanic crust shaping their compositions. Uranium (U) and molybdenum (Mo) isotope ratios have been argued to trace the contribution of recycled oceanic crust in the source of N-MORB, which has high and low δ238U and δ98/95Mo relative to the bulk silicate Earth (BSE) respectively. We provide U and Mo isotopic data on E-MORB samples from the northern mid-Atlantic ridge (13° & 45° N). We analysed hand-picked, leached MORB glass, yielding 234U/238U near secular equilibrium and therefore reflecting unperturbed by surface processes compositions. Samples have uniform δ238U and δ98/95Mo, with means of −0.307 ± 0.032 ‰, 2sd, and −0.14 ± 0.04 ‰, 2sd, respectively, both within uncertainty of BSE, and distinct from N-MORB. These data, as well as unremarkable Ce/Pb and radiogenic Pb isotopic compositions in E-MORB globally, are incompatible with their source containing recycled oceanic crust or continental derived sediments. Instead, our data fit with a model of oceanic lithosphere metasomatism by low degree partial melting of the uppermost mantle. Given BSE like U isotopic compositions of E-MORB that are isotopically unfractionated during low degree partial melting, we suggest that the initial melting event must have occurred prior to the recycling of isotopically distinct in U oceanic crust into the upper mantle, i.e., prior to ca. 600 Ma, the estimated time of deep ocean oxygenation. Molybdenum isotopic compositions of E-MORB are in line with such a model, but also reflect isotopic fractionation to higher δ98/95Mo during low degree partial melting of ≥600 Ma upper mantle, that counter acts the lowering of δ98/95Mo in the upper mantle by an on-going process of plate recycling. Metasomatised oceanic lithospheric mantle portions freeze in these ≥600Ma U and Mo isotopic compositions, which are subducted and stirred back into the convecting upper mantle, ultimately to be sampled at ridges as E-MORB.
Killing Yourself the Right Way: Socio-cultural Suicide, Self-Transcendence and Ego-Dissolution as Substitutes for Biological Suicide
Authors: Damm Jakob
Published: November 2024

Suicide is a pressing global health issue, with alarming prevalence rates that have ledthe World Health Organization to prioritize its prevention. Traditionally, suicidality is framedwithin medicine as a delusional symptom of mental illness. Contrastingly, another perspectiveviews suicide as an expression of free will, emphasizing the legitimacy of its motivations.This paper seeks to reconcile these viewpoints by proposing that suicidality reflects aprofound rejection of life in its current form. Rather than endorsing the irreversible act ofbiological suicide, this perspective suggests the true target of rejection is the individual'ssocio-cultural existence and self-concept. Suicide, therefore, is a practical mistake, rooted inthe error of overly identifying with one's historical and socio-cultural circumstances.Recognizing this, health professionals might better support individuals by taking their desirefor transformation seriously—helping them redefine and rebuild their lives rather than merelyattempting to treat suicidality as a delusional symptom. If it is actually only this socio-cultural life that an individual wishes to end, then the focus should be on addressing thatwish.
The Moderating Effects of Religious Coping on the Relationship between Spirituality and Flourishing under High Adversity
Authors: Maturlu Noel Danford
Published: November 2024

This study investigates the moderating effects of positive and negative religious coping on the relationship between spirituality and flourishing in individuals facing high adversity. The research addresses a gap in existing literature predominantly focused on WEIRD populations. The study employed multiple regression analyses and bootstrapping techniques to evaluate these relationships. The findings reveal that positive coping significantly enhances the positive relationship between spirituality and flourishing, particularly under high-stress conditions, whereas negative coping exacerbates stress, diminishing well-being. Specifically, high spirituality combined with positive coping strategies resulted in greater flourishing despite high-stress levels. Conversely, negative coping undermined these benefits. The implications underscore the importance of fostering positive coping mechanisms alongside spiritual practices to promote resilience and well-being. This study supports the existential positive psychology framework, emphasising the role of suffering in authentic well-being and aligning with the concept of complementarity in second-wave positive psychology.
Impartial beneficence predicts greater and more uniform concern for others across social relationships
Authors: Earp Brian D. , McLoughlin Killian Lorcan , Caraccio Mina , Calcott Rachel , Rottman Josh , Clark Margaret S. , Crockett Molly
Published: November 2024

The principle of impartial beneficence (IB) holds we should strive to maximize others’ well- being regardless of their relationship to us. But does endorsement of IB in principle translate to more uniform concern for others irrespective of relationship type? Three pre-registered studies (total N=1,716) found IB endorsement predicts greater and more uniform concern for others across social relationships varying in social distance: in care prescriptions (Study 1), as well as blame judgments (Study 2) and guilt expressions (Study 3) in response to care- violations. Heightened concern for others in socially distant relationships was not “offset” by less concern for close ones; nor was IB associated with a motive to be generally admired but was instead linked to “communal striving.” Across different types of moral judgments, a commitment to IB thus entails caring much more than average about the well-being of socially distant others, while maintaining a high level of concern for socially close ones.
Aplicación de una metodología cualitativa de evaluación de impacto en la investigación aplicada e innovación, en una institución de educación superior técnico-profesional
Authors: Rivera Felipe , Carrasco Pablo , Vargas Camilo
Published: November 2024

Duoc UC, institución de educación superior técnico profesional, ha impulsado la investigación e innovación desde 2007 y los cambios en la normativa lo enfrentan a la decisión de implementar métodos de evaluación de impacto en los ámbitos de la vinculación con el medio y la investigación e innovación. El presente estudio analiza el proceso de implementación de un protocolo metodológico cualitativo para evaluar el impacto de la investigación en el medio interno y externo propio de las instituciones de educación superior. Los análisis proponen la profundización sobre aquello que podemos entender por evaluación de impacto, la riqueza metodológica del abordaje evaluativo QUIP, frente al interés de las instituciones de educación superior sobre la capacidad de retroalimentación de sus procesos formativos en vinculación con las actividades de investigación, innovación.
Dimensiones de la evaluación de universidades según escalas de valoración: Percepción de los expertos latinoamericanos
Authors: Ganga Contreras Francisco , Abello Romero Juan Bautista , Viancos-González Patricio , Saéz-San Martin Walter , Andrade Ríos Luis
Published: November 2024

Introducción: Los índices académicos para evaluar universidades han surgido en la educación superior para satisfacer la demanda de información y fomentar la transparencia, aunque también han generado críticas. Este estudio explora la percepción de expertos de universidades latinoamericanas sobre las dimensiones empleadas en estos rankings, con el fin de orientar futuras propuestas. Metodología: La investigación es de carácter descriptivo y enfoque cuantitativo. Se analizaron metodologías de trece clasificaciones y se aplicó un cuestionario con escala Likert a 712 participantes de 13 países de América Latina. Resultados: Los encuestados valoraron positivamente las dimensiones evaluadas, aunque hubo variaciones significativas según el rol jerárquico y el país de origen. Los académicos priorizan menos la investigación frente a los directivos intermedios, y se encontraron diferencias notables, especialmente en Argentina. Conclusiones: Las percepciones sobre los rankings varían considerablemente según la posición y el contexto nacional, lo que sugiere la necesidad de adaptar los criterios de evaluación a las realidades regionales para mejorar la relevancia de estos índices en Latinoamérica.
Mecanismos alineadores de intereses y su efecto en la gestión universitaria argentina, percepciones de expertos
Authors: Castillo Juan Antonio , Ganga Contreras Francisco , Viancos-González Patricio Javier , Suárez-Amaya Wendolin
Published: November 2024

Introducción: Existen múltiples factores que influyen en el éxito de las organizaciones; en el caso de las universidades se consideran aspectos económicos, talentos, meritocracia y una buena gestión realizada por el gobierno. Metodología: En este orden de cosas, esta investigación tiene como objetivo central analizar, desde la mirada de expertos, las implicancias que tienen los sistemas de compensación e incentivos con la finalidad de reflexionar en torno a la influencia que pueden tener en la gestión. Para ello se realiza una investigación de tipo exploratoria y cuantitativa, que cimienta su análisis en la opinión de expertos académicos, quienes integran los diferentes claustros que componen el gobierno universitario, con especial consideración en la importancia brindada al cogobierno en Argentina. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizaron múltiples técnicas que incluyen estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales. Resultados: Los resultados permiten identificar la potencial eficacia de las variables estudiadas como mecanismos alineadores. Conclusiones: Entre las conclusiones se puede identificar que un amplio mercado de directivos para el cargo de rector tiene un efecto positivo en la gestión de los rectores en ejercicio.
Examining the Drivers of Sectarianism and their Impact on Rural Infrastructure: Implications for Rural Women's Plight
Authors: Bibi Fariha , Jamal Humera , Jan Bushra Hassan
Published: November 2024

The study titled "Examining the Drivers of Sectarianism and their Impact on Rural Infrastructure: Implications for Rural Women's Plight" revealed that during sectarian clashes women's educational institutions, and hospitals were either damaged or fully destroyed. Further, women skills oriented centres and NGOs were forced to close their operations in Kurram. Likely, storage facilities for agriculture production and agro-based markets were also closed in the area. With reference to infrastructure development initiatives, women's voices are less acknowledged which in turn reduces women's participation in affairs pertaining to their socio-economic development. The study recommended devising holistic strategies while taking into consideration women's distress along with recurrence and insurgency through questioning the conventional gender role divisions and implementation of sustainable development interventions in conflicted areas that should be prioritized for women's empowerment and gender equality.
Neurosurgery in Australia’s Top End: the lifesaving advantages of developing sustainable neurosurgical care in rural and remote regions
Authors: Peselzon Oleg , Toro Tole David , Rissel Chris , Kamat Ameya , Maclachlan Liam , Redmond Michael
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE

The authors’ goal was to perform a retrospective audit of all emergency cranial neurosurgery performed at the Royal Darwin Hospital in the first 5 years of the unit and to compile their data in a similar fashion to an earlier study titled "Emergency Neurosurgery in Darwin: Still the Generalist Surgeons’ Responsibility," which was published in 2015.

METHODS

All emergency cranial neurosurgery performed by a neurosurgeon between 2017 and 2021 was identified. Data were extracted from the National Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre database. Statistical analyses were descriptive logistic regression performed using Stata version 15.1 software to examine factors associated with death.

RESULTS

A total of 320 patients (42% Indigenous) underwent 427 emergency neurosurgeries. There were 35 emergency neurosurgeries in 2017 and 82 in 2021. The most common procedure performed was insertion of an external ventricular drain, followed by craniotomy and removal of intracranial hematoma. Mortality was 7.5% overall and 8.4% among patients with trauma. Only age proved to be a statistically significant independent risk factor for death (t = −2.95, p < 0.0041; OR 1.06, p = 0.02). Location, sex, injury severity, and presenting Glasgow Coma Scale score were not associated with death. Indigenous and non-Indigenous patients had similar outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

The data illustrate the importance of developing small but sustainable neurosurgical units in rural and remote areas. A dedicated neurosurgical unit at the Royal Darwin Hospital has led to an increase in the amount and variety of emergency neurosurgery performed in Darwin. Interstate transfers have reduced. This has tangible lifesaving and economic advantages.
Role of the endonasal endoscopic approach in intraorbital tumor surgery: insights from a single-center experience
Authors: Kuga Daisuke , Murakami Daisuke , Sangatsuda Yuhei , Suzuki Tomoharu , Miyamoto Yusuke , Komune Noritaka , Yoshimoto Koji
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) in the surgical management of intraorbital tumors and analyze the adjunctive role of the transorbital approach (TOA) and extended modified medial maxillectomy (EMMM) in addressing anatomically complex tumors.

METHODS

This study retrospectively reviewed 13 cases of primary intraorbital tumors managed with EEA, integrating TOA and EMMM, based on specific tumor location and extent. A detailed analysis was conducted on the surgical techniques used, tumor size and location in relation to critical structures such as the optic nerve, and overall surgical outcomes, with a focus on the extent of resection and postoperative visual function.

RESULTS

Of the 13 cases analyzed (4 cavernous hemangiomas, 3 schwannomas, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, liposarcoma, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, osteoma, and myxoid spindle tumor), the EEA served as the primary surgical method, especially for the 8 intraconal tumors situated medially to the optic nerve, with 1 tumor situated inferiorly to the optic nerve. Extraconal tumors, present in 5 cases, necessitated additional approaches: TOA was utilized for tumors with anterior extension, and EMMM was applied to those extending toward the inferior orbital wall. Gross-total resection was accomplished in 80% of the operative cases, with an overall improvement in visual function observed in 69.2% of the patients postsurgery. Complications were infrequent, with enophthalmos requiring subsequent reconstruction and a permanent slight visual field defect in the upper outer quadrant, occurring in 1 case each, underscoring the safety and efficacy of integrated surgical approaches.

CONCLUSIONS

The combination of EEA with TOA and EMMM provides a comprehensive and adaptable surgical strategy for intraorbital tumors, accommodating various lesion locations and complexities. This combined approach not only facilitates extensive tumor resection but also maximizes the preservation of ocular function and cosmetic outcomes. The favorable results of this study support the use of a multidisciplinary surgical approach and highlight the potential for improved patient outcomes with the continued development of endoscopic techniques. Further research with a larger cohort is essential to validate these findings and establish guidelines for the combined use of these surgical methods.
Chronological characterization of hearing preservation after radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma: a comprehensive meta-analysis
Authors: Hovis Gabrielle E. A. , Pandey Aryan , Chandla Anubhav , Casaos Joshua , Yang Isaac
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE

Hearing outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for vestibular schwannoma (VS) are multifactorial and poorly characterized in prior literature. In this study the authors evaluated hearing outcomes chronologically to identify prognostic factors of serviceable hearing preservation (HP) rates following GKRS for VS.

METHODS

Six medical databases were queried according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Eligible studies reported VS treated with single-fraction GKRS and included the HP rate following GKRS. HP was defined as a postoperative Gardner-Robertson score ≤ 2 among patients with preoperative serviceable hearing. A meta-analysis with random-effects modeling was performed for variables of interest.

RESULTS

Data from 42 articles with a total of 6582 patients were analyzed; the average age of patients was 54 years and the average follow-up time was 68 months. The pooled proportion of preoperative serviceable hearing was 76%, and the pooled HP rate was 60% at the last follow-up visit. At < 5 years after GKRS, age was significantly correlated with HP on both continuous and categorical analyses (p = 0.001 and p = 0.011, respectively). Between 5 and < 10 years of follow-up, HP was associated with a radiation dose of 12.5 Gy, but not with age or tumor volume. At ≥ 10 years after radiosurgery, a significant negative correlation was seen between marginal radiation dose and HP on both continuous and categorical analyses (p = 0.001 and p = 0.021, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

This meta-analysis identifies age and radiation dose as independent prognostic factors for HP. Age-related hearing deterioration appears to be concentrated in the first 5 years after GKRS, whereas radiation dose was associated with HP at last follow-up, between 5 and < 10 years, and at ≥ 10 years after radiosurgery. This meta-analysis offers an objective overview of the literature and a framework for clinical decision-making, with applications for treatment planning and patient counseling.
Presenting characteristics and clinical outcomes of idiopathic versus neurofibromatosis type 2–associated spinal meningiomas: a retrospective institutional experience
Authors: Nawabi Noah L. A. , Chalif Joshua I. , Renauld Sophia , Mehta Neel H. , Jha Rohan , Gerstl Jakob V. E. , Chalif Eric , Gupta Saksham , Chi John H.
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE

Spinal meningioma (SM) is a pathology with an estimated incidence of nearly 1000 diagnoses per year in the United States and presents in 20% of patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). This multi-institutional retrospective cohort study aimed to assess clinical outcomes for patients with SM who underwent surgery between 1998 and 2020 with stratification by NF2 mutation status.

METHODS

Medical records were reviewed retrospectively to collect data on patient demographics, clinical presentation, tumor characteristics, treatment, and outcomes. Analyses were done to determine radiographic predictors of gross-total resection (GTR) and tumor recurrence, to assess radiographic characteristics of NF2-associated tumors, and to determine progression-free survival between groups.

RESULTS

A total of 166 patients who received surgery for SM during the study period were included, of whom 133 were women (80%). Fifteen (9%) patients had a concurrent NF2 diagnosis. The mean age at surgery was 58 (SD 18) years. The mean presenting Karnofsky Performance Status score was 76 (SD 11), and the most common presenting symptoms were sensation changes (60%) and weakness (59%). Most tumors were in the thoracic spine (72%). GTR was achieved in 154 cases (93%). Eight patients with subtotal resection were treated with radiation therapy, and none received chemotherapy. Eighteen patients (11%) experienced radiographic recurrence of disease following surgery, with a mean time to recurrence of 4.2 years. NF2 patients were diagnosed at a significantly earlier mean age (33.3 [SD 15.4] years) compared with other patients. NF2 patients experienced progression at a significantly higher rate than other patients (40%), and in less time (mean 2.8 [SD 3.7] years). Radiographic characteristics, including tumor volume, T2 cord edema, dural tail sign, and calcification, were similar between NF2 and non-NF2 patients, between patients who underwent gross-total versus subtotal resection, and between patients who experienced tumor recurrence and those who did not.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study of 166 surgically treated patients with SM, patients with NF2 presented earlier, experienced earlier progression, and experienced progression more frequently compared with those without NF2. Radiographic characteristics of tumors were relatively consistent between groups. While idiopathic SMs remain a relatively benign and highly manageable disease, considering tumor molecular characteristics and broader clinical history is paramount in providing efficacious and individualized patient care.
A study of the cerebral venous drainage patterns in craniosynostosis: nonsyndromic cases and the induction effect of Virchow’s law on venous sinuses
Authors: Yindeedej Vich , Sakamoto Hiroaki , Kunihiro Noritsugu , Umaba Ryoko , Okuma Tomohisa , Terada Aiko , Yamanaka Kazuhiro
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE

Surgical intervention is commonly necessary for craniosynostosis. One of the preoperative concerns revolves around the cerebral venous drainage pattern and its potential involvement during surgery. Although there have been reports regarding venous drainage patterns in syndromic craniosynostosis, studies of nonsyndromic cases have been rare. In the present study, the aim was to study venous drainage patterns in nonsyndromic craniosynostosis.

METHODS

Nonsyndromic cases at a single institute were retrospectively reviewed, and cerebral venous drainage in the posterior (transverse sinus [TS]) and anterior (cavernous sinus [CS] and para-CS [ParaCS]) venous routes was systematically investigated. The occipital sinus (OS) and emissary veins were also evaluated.

RESULTS

A total of 89 nonsyndromic cases were evaluated, including 12 right coronal synostosis (RCS), 14 left coronal synostosis (LCS), 15 bilateral coronal synostosis (BCS), 36 sagittal synostosis, 6 metopic synostosis, and 6 combined metopic-sagittal synostosis cases. All venous studies were performed using MR venography. There was a significant difference among all six groups in TS dominance (p = 0.0108). In unilateral coronal synostosis (UCS; including RCS and LCS) cases, 76.9% had TS dominance on the opposite side of the synostotic suture (20 of 26 UCS, including 10 of 12 RCS and 10 of 14 LCS). There was a significant difference in the incidence of OS, with the highest incidence observed in the BCS group (33.3%, p = 0.027). CS/ParaCS venous drainage was observed in 94.4% of cases on the right side and 95.5% on the left side, showing no significant difference among the groups on both sides. No visible emissary vein was observed in any of the groups.

CONCLUSIONS

A significantly higher predominance of left TS was found in RCS cases, in contrast with the typical right-side predominance seen in the normal population. In addition, the majority of UCS cases exhibited TS dominance on the opposite side of the synostotic suture. Furthermore, the present results showed a significant difference in the prevalence of OS, which was predominantly observed in BCS cases. These findings could be explained by the induction effect on venous sinuses by the compensatory growth of the skull according to Virchow’s law, suggesting that synostotic sutures induce compensatory skull expansion in regions farthest (diagonally) from the affected sutures, thereby enlarging nearby venous sinuses.
A Comparative Study of Menstrual Hygiene Knowledge and Practices among International and Government School going Adolescent Girls in Delhi
Authors: Sarangi Swapna , Lakra Mary Vibha , Gautam Sujata , Mondal Sunita , Bandhu Rajiv
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) involves using clean absorbents, maintaining body hygiene, and practicing safe disposal methods. This study aimed to compare the knowledge and MHM practices of adolescent school girls from an urban and a slum area in Delhi. Methods: The study included 85 and 168 girls aged 13-18 years from an urban and a slum area school of Delhi respectively. Information was gathered using a pre-designed, pre-tested and structured questionnaire with 12 questions related to the knowledge about menstruation and MHM practices. Results: 92.9% of urban and 85.7% of slum area school girls knew menstruation as a physiological process whereas 3.5% of urban school girls were unaware of the cause of menstruation compared to13.7% of the slum area school girls(p=0.01). All girls identified sanitary pads as their ideal absorbent, and 100% of the participants used them. Satisfactory cleaning practices were 31.8% in urban area verses 4.8% in slum area school girls. (p = 0.0001). 95.3% of urban and 92.8% of slum area school girls were disposing pads in routine waste. Conclusion: The study found significant differences in menstrual knowledge and MHM practices between urban and slum area school girls, with urban girls reporting comparatively better knowledge as well as MHM practices. Both the group of girls reported 100% usage of sanitary pads, but improper disposal practices need attention. Proper disposal facilities in schools are recommended to prevent environmental pollution.
Stimulating effect of low concentrations of Eu3+ on spontaneous cardiac contractions
Authors: Sobol K. V. , Korotkov S. M. , Shemarova I. V. , Nesterov V. P.
Published: November 2024

The negative cumulative effects of lanthanides on the human body are well known; they are associated mainly with the toxic effects of rare earth metals (REE) on muscle tissue. However, the effects of low concentrations of these metals on muscle are less understood. In our work, we found out an unusual stimulating effect of low concentrations of europium (Eu3+) on spontaneous contractions of atria of a frog. The purpose of this study was to study the stimulating effect of Eu3+ on the contraction of atria, both normally and in the presence of the mitochondrial respiration inhibitor sodium azide (NaN3). The study was carried out using two experimental models: muscle preparations obtained from isolated atria of the heart of the frog Rana ridibunda and mitochondria isolated from the heart of male Wistar rats. As a result of the studies, it was established that Eu3+ in a concentration of 0.2 mM, at a temperature of 20°C, potentiated contractions of the frog atria in situ; both the amplitude and the maximum rate of increase of single spontaneous contractions increased. Spontaneous atrial contractions became more resistant to the effects of 1 mM NaN3. At the same time, Eu3+ did not affect the respiration of energized mitochondria (activated by ADP (state 3) or 2,4-dinitrophenol (state 3UDNP). The intensity of this respiration decreased after the calcium load of mitochondria, regardless of the presence of Eu3+ in the medium. Thus, Eu3+ ions at low concentrations (0.2 mM) stimulated atrial contraction and had a positive inotropic effect. The stimulating effect of low concentrations of Eu3+ on the heart can be explained by the synergism in the action of Ca2+ and Eu3+ on calcium channels, stimulation of Ca2+-dependent processes in cardiomyocytes and the absence of a negative effect on mitochondrial respiration.
A comparative distribution of parvalbumin-immunopositive neural elements in the spinal cord of newborn and adult cats
Authors: Veshchitskii A. A. , Belyaev A. V. , Merkulyeva N. S.
Published: November 2024

We analyzed characteristic features of the parvalbumin-immunostaining within the lumbosacral spinal cord of newborn kittens. In contrast to the adults, parvalbumin-immunostaining was mainly revealed for the sensory fibers located within the dorsal horns and in the medial part of the intermediate gray matter. The location of these fibers partially resembles the location of Clarke's nuclei, but lasted throughout the total length of the lumbar spinal cord and merged with the presumptive Stilling’s nuclei in the sacral region. Therefore, in newborns, in contrast to adults, the parvalbumin-immunostaining proprioceptive fibers seem like a single unit. We propose that with maturation, this system is restructured because of the spread of the neuronal and neuropil elements of the lumbar enlargement responsible for the locomotor control. As a result, two local nuclear complexes: Clarke’s and Stilling’s are retained. A single population of parvalbumin-immunostaining neurons in newborns are premotor interneurons located around the lamina IX. These neurons are characterized by the low or absent NeuN-immunostaining. We believe that this neurochemical feature may be inherent for these cells.
Blood flow changes in the rabbit cranial and caudal venae cavae during postural loads after propranolol, bisoprolol and methyldopa pretreatment
Authors: Evlakhov V. I. , Berezina T. P. , Sergeev T. V. , Kuropatenko M. V. , Poyassov I. Z.
Published: November 2024

To treat the hyperadrenergic form of postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, the β1,2-adrenergic receptor blocker propranolol, the β1-blocker bisoprolol and the central agonist of inhibitory presynaptic α2-adrenergic receptors, methyldopa, are used in clinical practice. There is no data in the literature concerning the effects of these drugs on venae cavae flows during postural tests. In acute experiments on anesthetized rabbits, we studied changes of cranial and caudal venae cavae flows during orthostatic (head up tilt by 25°) and antiorthostatic (head down tilt by −25°) tests for 20 s after preliminary pretreatment with propranolol, bisoprolol and methyldopa. Before administration of these drugs, in response to orthostasis at 4 and 20 s, a decrease of the cranial and caudal venae cavae flows was noted. During antiorthostasis, caudal venae cavae flow increased for 4 s, and by 20 s it decreased to the initial value; cranial venae cavae flow decreased by 4 s, and by 20 s it was greater than the initial one. After propranolol pretreatment, caudal venae cavae flow decreased to a greater extent compared with intravenous administration of bisoprolol and methyldopa. After methyldopa administration during orthostasis, by 20 s, the cranial venae cavae flow decreased more pronouncedly than in the caudal venae, while after propranolol and bisoprolol pretreatment under conditions of orthostasis, both cranial and caudal venae cavae flows decreased approximately to the same extent. During antiorthostasis by 20 s after pretreatment with propranolol caudal venae cavae flow increased more than cranial venae cavae flow. In case of pretreatment with bisoprolol and methyldopa, in response to antiorthostasis, cranial venae cavae flow increased not only to a greater extent than caudal venae cavae flow, but also more pronouncedly compared with its increase in rabbits initially. Thus, we concluded, that in case of postural loads after pretreatment with indicated above drugs, there are differences in the mechanisms of blood flows redistribution in the basins of the cranial and caudal venae cavae.
Mitochondrial dynamics and metabolic remodeling in xenograft of IPSC-derived human neural precursors
Authors: Voronkov D. N. , Egorova A. V. , Fedorova E. N. , Stavrovskaya A. V. , Lebedeva O. S. , Olshanskiy A. S. , Podoprigora V. V. , Sukhorukov V. S.
Published: November 2024

It is well recognized that the regulation of mitochondrial functions affects the differentiation and maturation of neurons. The study of these processes is of both fundamental and practical importance for regenerative neurobiology. Aim of the study: to characterize the mitochondrial fission changes and their relation to the activation of oxidative phosphorylation (metabolic shift) during maturation of human IPSC-derived neural precursors grafted into rat striatum. Wistar rats (n = 15) were unilaterally injected into the caudate nucleus with neural precursors derived from human IPSCs. Changes in localization and expression of neuronal differentiation markers: nestin, NeuN, neuronal enolase, as well as mitochondrial outer membrane protein, ATP synthase and mitochondrial fission protein Drp1 were assessed by immunostaining. Measurements were performed on graft cells 2 weeks, 3 and 6 months after surgery. Maturation of grafted neurons was associated with fluctuations morphometric parameters of the mitochondrial fraction and Drp1 levels. Increased mitochondrial fission was detected 3 months after transplantation, before an increase in ATP synthase staining by 6th month and a switch of transplanted cells to oxidative phosphorylation. The conducted experiment demonstrated a link between mitochondrial dynamics and changes in the metabolic profile and maturation of transplanted neurons. The regulation of mitochondrial dynamics may have future implications for developing methods to improve the integration of transplanted neurons into recepient brain structures.
SOLVING OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL HYPERSINGULAR INTEGRAL EQUATION USING HAAR’S WAVELETS
Authors: Zamarashkin N. L. , Kondyrev O. V.
Published: November 2024

We constructed a numerical method for the one-dimensional hypersingular integral equation which uses sparse matrix approximations. This method has the same convergence order as conventional methods for hypersingular integral equations but the new method is more effective in both memory and arithmetic operations.
A TWO-POINT COLLOCATION METHOD FOR THE NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL HYPERSINGULAR INTEGRAL EQUATIONS ON NONUNIFORM PARTITIONS
Authors: Nenashev A. S.
Published: November 2024

A quadrature formula has been constructed for calculating the hypersingular integral over a segment, which uses the ends of the segment partition intervals as nodes of piecewise constant interpolation of the integral density, as well as specially selected collocation points. A distinctive feature of the proposed quadrature formula is the ability to calculate the integral of functions that suffer a finite number of discontinuities of the first kind on the integration interval. On the basis of quadrature formula constructed, a numerical scheme for solving the characteristic hypersingular integral equation on non-regular grid is developed. Estimate of the rate of convergence of approximate solutions to exact ones is proved in the class of piecewise Ho¨lder functions.