bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MONEY, CREDIT, HOUSE PRICES AND QUANTITATIVE EASING – THE WAVELET PERSPECTIVE FROM 1970 TO 2016
Authors: Ryczkowski Maciej
Published: May 2019

This paper investigates the relationship between money/credit growth and house price inflation for a sample of twelve developed countries. The novel application of the continuous wavelet transform showed significant but time-varying linkages between these two variables. During quantitative easing in the United States and the United Kingdom, growth of respectively broad money and bank credit was leading house price inflation for the 2-8 years cycle. In contrast to this, the Bank of Japan and the European Central Bank either did not assign a separate role to house prices in their reaction functions or the two central banks were not capable to significantly increase house prices by extending money/credit during the business cycle. The significant co-movements of financial variables and house prices around booming episodes warn us that a new asset price boom might appear within the length of a business cycle as a consequence of overly expansionary monetary policy. In the euro area, the significant, long run, and close to a one-for-one link between growth of M3 and house price inflation is an argument for the monetary pillar of the European Central Bank. The present study contributes significantly to the literature by introducing a novel application of a continuous wavelet transform to study the housing prices in relation to money, credit and quantitative easing. The article uses a long-term dataset covering a period of almost half a century to analyse their varying relationship in the short-run to the long-run and from the historical perspective.
Ultra-diffuse Galaxies at Ultraviolet Wavelengths
Authors: Singh Pranjal Rajendra , Zaritsky Dennis , Donnerstein Richard , Spekkens Kristine
Published: May 2019

We measure near-ultraviolet (NUV) aperture magnitudes from Galaxy Evolution Explorer images for 258 ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) candidates drawn from the initial Systematically Measuring Ultra-Diffuse Galaxies (SMUDGes) survey of ∼300 square degrees surrounding, and including, the Coma galaxy cluster. For the vast majority, 242 of them, we present flux upper limits due either to a lack of significant flux in the aperture or confusion with other objects projected within the aperture. These limits often place interesting constraints on the UDG candidates, indicating that they are non-star-forming or quiescent. In particular, we identify field, quiescent UDG candidates, which are a challenge for formation models and are, therefore, compelling prospects for spectroscopic follow-up and distance determinations. We present far-ultraviolet (FUV) and NUV magnitudes for 16 detected UDG candidates and compare those galaxies to the local population of galaxies on color–magnitude and specific star formation rate diagrams. The NUV-detected UDG candidates form mostly an extension toward lower stellar masses of the star-forming galaxy sequence, and none of these lie within regions of high local galaxy density. UDG candidates span a range of properties, although almost all are consistent with being quiescent, low surface brightness galaxies, regardless of environment.
A New Mass Determination of (349) Dembowska with Close Encounters
Authors: Li Fan , Fu Yanning , Yuan Ye
Published: May 2019

(349) Dembowska is a big R-type main-belt asteroid. A new and more precise determination of its mass, M, is presented. The high precision is achieved, in particular, using our generally applied criterion of selecting model parameters. This criterion takes into account the sensitivity to M of the available observables, i.e., the position of another much smaller body involved in a close encounter with (349) Dembowska. Using this criterion, as well as observations from the Minor Planet Center (MPC) and the ephemeris DE431, M is redetermined to be (4.1 ± 0.4) × 1018 kg, which is a weighted mean of compatible masses independently determined with five encounters. From the most recently determined effective diameter, we get a bulk density of ρ = 2.08 ± 0.24 g cm−3 for (349) Dembowska. A macroporosity of 36 is derived from a grain density of 3.25 g cm−3.
Fermi-GBM GRBs with Characteristics Similar to GRB 170817A
Authors: von Kienlin A. , Veres P. , Roberts O. J. , Hamburg R. , Bissaldi E. , Briggs M. S. , Burns E. , Goldstein A. , Kocevski D. , Preece R. D. , Wilson-Hodge C. A. , Hui C. M. , Mailyan B. , Malacaria C.
Published: May 2019

We present a search for gamma-ray bursts in the Fermi-GBM 10 yr catalog that show similar characteristics to GRB 170817A, the first electromagnetic counterpart to a GRB identified as a binary neutron star (BNS) merger via gravitational wave observations. Our search is focused on a nonthermal pulse, followed by a thermal component, as observed for GRB 170817A. We employ search methods based on the measured catalog parameters and Bayesian Block analysis. Our multipronged approach, which includes examination of the localization and spectral properties of the thermal component, yields a total of 13 candidates, including GRB 170817A and the previously reported similar burst, GRB 150101B. The similarity of the candidates is likely caused by the same processes that shaped the gamma-ray signal of GRB 170817A, thus providing evidence of a nearby sample of short GRBs resulting from BNS merger events. Some of the newly identified counterparts were observed by other space telescopes and ground observatories, but none of them have a measured redshift. We present an analysis of this subsample, and we discuss two models. From uncovering 13 candidates during a time period of 10 yr we predict that Fermi-GBM will trigger on-board on about one burst similar to GRB 170817A per year.
Numerical Simulations on the Deflection of Coronal Mass Ejections in the Interplanetary Space
Authors: Zhuang Bin , Wang Yuming , Hu Youqiu , Shen Chenglong , Liu Rui , Gou Tingyu , Zhang Quanhao , Li Xiaolei
Published: May 2019

Deflection of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the interplanetary space, especially in the ecliptic plane, serves as an important factor deciding whether CMEs arrive at the Earth. Observational studies have shown evidence for deflection, whose detailed dynamic processes, however, remain obscure. Here we developed a 2.5D ideal magnetohydrodynamic simulation to study the propagation of CMEs traveling with different speeds in the heliospheric equatorial plane. The simulation confirms the existence of the CME deflection in the interplanetary space, which is related to the difference between the CME speed (v

r
) and the solar wind speed (v
sw): a CME will propagate radially as v

r
is close to v
sw but eastward or westward when v

r
is larger or smaller than v
sw; the greater the difference is, the larger the deflection angle will be. This result supports the model for CME deflection in the interplanetary space (DIPS) proposed by Wang et al., predicting that an isolated CME can be deflected due to the pileup of solar wind plasma ahead of or behind the CME. Furthermore, the deflection angles, which are derived by inputting v

r
and v
sw from the simulation into the DIPS model, are found to be consistent with those in the simulation.
Discovery of a Double Blue Straggler Sequence in M15: New Insight into the Core-collapse Process
Authors: Beccari G. , Ferraro F. R. , Dalessandro E. , Lanzoni B. , Raso S. , Origlia L. , Vesperini E. , Hong J. , Sills A. , Dieball A. , Knigge C.
Published: May 2019

In this paper we report the discovery of a double blue straggler star (BSS) sequence in the core of the core-collapsed cluster M15 (NGC 7078). We performed a detailed photometric analysis of the extremely dense core of the cluster using a set of images secured with the Advanced Camera for Survey in the High Resolution Channel mode on board the Hubble Space Telescope. The proper combination of the large number of single frames in the near-UV (F220W), and blue (F435W) filters allowed us to perform a superb modeling of the point-spread function and an accurate deblending procedure. The color–magnitude diagram revealed the presence of two distinct parallel sequences of blue stragglers. In particular, the blue BSS sequence is characterized by the intriguing presence of two different branches. The first branch appears extremely narrow, it extends up to 2.5 mag brighter than the cluster main-sequence turnoff (MS-TO) point, and it is nicely reproduced by a 2 Gyr old collisional isochrone. The second branch extends up to 1.5 mag from the MS-TO and it is reproduced by a 5.5 Gyr old collisional isochrone. Our observations suggest that each of these branches is mainly constituted by a population of nearly coeval collisional BSSs of different masses generated during two episodes of high collisional activity. We discuss the possibility that the oldest episode corresponds to the core-collapse (CC) event (occurred about 5.5 Gyr ago), while the most recent one (occurred about 2 Gyr ago) is associated with a core oscillation in the post-CC evolution. The discovery of these features provides further strong evidence in support of the connection between the BSS properties and globular cluster dynamical evolution, and it opens new perspectives on the study of CC and post-CC evolution.
A Novel Statistical Method for Measuring the Temperature–Density Relation in the IGM Using the b–NH i Distribution of Absorbers in the Lyα Forest
Authors: Hiss Hector , Walther Michael , Oñorbe Jose , Hennawi Joseph F.
Published: May 2019

We present a new method for determining the thermal state of the intergalactic medium based on Voigt profile decomposition of the Lyα forest. The distribution of Doppler parameter and column density (b–N
H i
 distribution) is sensitive to the temperature–density relation T = T
0(ρ/ρ
0)
γ−1, and previous work has inferred T
0 and γ by fitting its low-b cutoff. This approach discards the majority of available data and is susceptible to systematics related to cutoff determination. We present a method that exploits all information encoded in the b
–N
H i
 distribution by modeling its entire shape. We apply kernel density estimation to discrete absorption lines to generate model probability density functions, and then we use principal component decomposition to create an emulator that can be evaluated anywhere in thermal parameter space. We introduce a Bayesian likelihood based on these models enabling parameter inference via Markov Chain Monte Carlo. The method’s robustness is tested by applying it to a large grid of thermal history simulations. By conducting 160 mock measurements, we establish that our approach delivers unbiased estimates and valid uncertainties for a 2D (T
0, γ) measurement. Furthermore, we conduct a pilot study applying this methodology to real observational data at z = 2. Using 200 absorbers, equivalent in path length to a single Lya forest spectrum, we measure

and

in excellent agreement with cutoff fitting determinations using the same data. Our method is far more sensitive than cutoff fitting, enabling measurements of log T
0 and γ with precision on

(γ) nearly two (three) times higher for current data set sizes.
Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid Standards Provide a 1% Foundation for the Determination of the Hubble Constant and Stronger Evidence for Physics beyond ΛCDM
Authors: Riess Adam G. , Casertano Stefano , Yuan Wenlong , Macri Lucas M. , Scolnic Dan
Published: May 2019

We present an improved determination of the Hubble constant from Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations of 70 long-period Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). These were obtained with the same WFC3 photometric system used to measure extragalactic Cepheids in the hosts of SNe Ia. Gyroscopic control of HST was employed to reduce overheads while collecting a large sample of widely separated Cepheids. The Cepheid period–luminosity relation provides a zero-point-independent link with 0.4% precision between the new 1.2% geometric distance to the LMC from detached eclipsing binaries (DEBs) measured by Pietrzyński et al. and the luminosity of SNe Ia. Measurements and analysis of the LMC Cepheids were completed prior to knowledge of the new DEB LMC distance. Combined with a refined calibration of the count-rate linearity of WFC3-IR with 0.1% precision, these three improved elements together reduce the overall uncertainty in the geometric calibration of the Cepheid distance ladder based on the LMC from 2.5% to 1.3%. Using only the LMC DEBs to calibrate the ladder, we find H
0 = 74.22 ± 1.82 km s−1 Mpc−1 including systematic uncertainties, 3% higher than before for this particular anchor. Combining the LMC DEBs, masers in NGC 4258, and Milky Way parallaxes yields our best estimate: H
0 = 74.03 ± 1.42 km s−1 Mpc−1, including systematics, an uncertainty of 1.91%–15% lower than our best previous result. Removing any one of these anchors changes H
0 by less than 0.7%. The difference between H
0 measured locally and the value inferred from Planck CMB and ΛCDM is 6.6 ± 1.5 km s−1 Mpc−1 or 4.4σ (P = 99.999% for Gaussian errors) in significance, raising the discrepancy beyond a plausible level of chance. We summarize independent tests showing that this discrepancy is not attributable to an error in any one source or measurement, increasing the odds that it results from a cosmological feature beyond ΛCDM.
Observations of the Venus Dramatic Response to an Extremely Strong Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejection
Authors: Xu Qi , Xu Xiaojun , Chang Qing , Rong Zhaojin , Wang Jing , Xu Jiaying , Zhang Tielong
Published: May 2019

On 2011 November 5, Venus Express observed the impact of an extremely strong interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) on Venus. As a result, the Venusian induced magnetosphere dramatically fluctuated during the ICME passage: the bow shock was compressed and broadened by the sheath and the body of the ICME, respectively; an atypically strong magnetic barrier (over 250 nT) of Venus was detected; and the plasma sheet in the magnetotail flapped so rapidly that it was crossed by Venus Express 5 times within 1.5 minutes. The ionosphere was totally magnetized because of the very high magnetic pressure of the induced magnetosphere. However, the altitude of the ionopause did not decrease with respect to those in neighboring orbits, which is inconsistent with the ionopause descents reported by previous studies. We found that the ionosphere was greatly excited by the ICME as evidenced by the much higher heavy ion density. That is why the balance between the ionospheric thermal pressure and the strong magnetic pressure can be maintained at a relatively high altitude. We propose that a much stronger massloading effect resulting from the excited ionosphere is responsible for the anomalously high magnetic barrier because much more magnetic field lines were anchored. Our results also suggest that such ICMEs that can excite the ionosphere are substantially efficient in enhancing the atmospheric loss of Venus.
Rossby and Magnetic Prandtl Number Scaling of Stellar Dynamos
Authors: Augustson K. C. , Brun A. S. , Toomre J.
Published: May 2019

Rotational scaling relationships are examined for the degree of equipartition between magnetic and kinetic energies in stellar convection zones. These scaling relationships are approached from two paradigms, with first a glance at scaling relationship built on an energy-balance argument and second a look at a force-based scaling. The latter implies a transition between a nearly constant inertial scaling when in the asymptotic limit of minimal diffusion and magnetostrophy, whereas the former implies a weaker scaling with convective Rossby number. Both scaling relationships are then compared to a suite of 3D convective dynamo simulations with a wide variety of domain geometries, stratifications, and range of convective Rossby numbers.
Extended Main-sequence Turnoffs in the Double Cluster h and χ Persei: The Complex Role of Stellar Rotation
Authors: Li Chengyuan , Sun Weijia , Grijs Richard de , Deng Licai , Wang Kun , Cordoni Giacomo , Milone Antonino P.
Published: May 2019

Using Gaia Data Release 2 photometry, we report the detection of extended main-sequence turnoff (eMSTO) regions in the color–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of the ∼14 Myr old double clusters h and χ Persei (NGC 869 and NGC 884). We find that stars with masses below ∼1.3 M
⊙ in both h and χ Persei populate narrow main sequences (MSs), while more massive stars define the eMSTO, closely mimicking observations of young Galactic and Magellanic Cloud clusters (with ages older than ∼30 Myr). Previous studies based on clusters older than ∼30 Myr found that rapidly rotating MS stars are redder than slow rotators of similar luminosity, suggesting that stellar rotation may be the main driver of the eMSTO. By combining photometry and projected rotational velocities from the literature of stars in h and χ Persei, we find no obvious relation between the rotational velocities and colors of non-emission-line eMSTO stars, in contrast with what is observed in older clusters. Similar to what is observed in Magellanic Cloud clusters, most of the extremely rapidly rotating stars, identified by their strong Hα emission lines, are located in the red part of the eMSTOs. This indicates that stellar rotation plays a role in the color and magnitude distribution of MSTO stars. By comparing the observations with simulated CMDs, we find that a simple population composed of coeval stars that span a wide range of rotation rates is unable to reproduce the color spread of the cluster’s MSs. We suggest that variable stars, binary interactions, and stellar rotation affect the eMSTO morphology of these very young clusters.
Connecting the Properties of Coronal Shock Waves with Those of Solar Energetic Particles
Authors: Kouloumvakos Athanasios , Rouillard Alexis P. , Wu Yihong , Vainio Rami , Vourlidas Angelos , Plotnikov Illya , Afanasiev Alexandr , Önel Hakan
Published: May 2019

We develop and exploit a new catalog of coronal pressure waves modeled in 3D to study the potential role of these waves in accelerating solar energetic particles (SEPs) measured in situ. Our sample comprises modeled shocks and SEP events detected during solar cycle 24 observed over a broad range of longitudes. From the 3D reconstruction of shock waves using coronagraphic observations we derived the 3D velocity along the entire front as a function of time. Combining new reconstruction techniques with global models of the solar corona, we derive the 3D distribution of basic shock parameters such as Mach numbers, compression ratios, and shock geometry. We then model in a time-dependent manner how the shock wave connects magnetically with spacecraft making in situ measurements of SEPs. This allows us to compare modeled shock parameters deduced at the magnetically well-connected regions, with different key parameters of SEPs such as their maximum intensity. This approach accounts for projection effects associated with remote-sensing observations and constitutes the most extensive study to date of shock waves in the corona and their relation to SEPs. We find a high correlation between the maximum flux of SEPs and the strength of coronal shock waves quantified, for instance, by the Mach number. We discuss the implications of that work for understanding particle acceleration in the corona.
Measuring Star Formation Histories, Distances, and Metallicities with Pixel Color–Magnitude Diagrams. I. Model Definition and Mock Tests
Authors: Cook B. A. , Conroy Charlie , Dokkum Pieter van , Speagle Joshua S.
Published: May 2019

We present a comprehensive study of the applications of the pixel color–magnitude diagram (pCMD) technique for measuring star formation histories (SFHs) and other stellar population parameters of galaxies, and we demonstrate that the technique can also constrain distances. SFHs have previously been measured through either the modeling of resolved-star CMDs or of integrated-light spectral energy distributions, yet neither approach can easily be applied to galaxies in the “semi-resolved regime.” The pCMD technique has previously been shown to have the potential to measure stellar populations and SFHs in semi-resolved galaxies. Here we present Pixel Color–Magnitude Diagrams with Python (PCMDPy), a graphics processing unit (GPU)-accelerated package that makes significant computational improvements to the original code and includes more realistic physical models. These advances include the simultaneous fitting of distance, modeling a Gaussian metallicity distribution function, and an observationally motivated dust model. GPU acceleration allows these more realistic models to be fit roughly 7× faster than the simpler models in the original code. We present results from a suite of mock tests, showing that with proper model assumptions, the code can simultaneously recover SFH,

[
Fe

/

H
]

, distance, and dust extinction. Our results suggest the code, applied to observations with Hubble Space Telescope-like resolution, should constrain these properties with high precision within 10 Mpc and can be applied to systems out to as far as 100 Mpc. pCMDs open a new window to studying the stellar populations of many galaxies that cannot be readily studied through other means.
First visual occurrence data for deep-sea cnidarians in the South-western Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Dueñas Luisa , Cedeño-Posso Cristina , Grajales Alejandro , Herrera Santiago , Rodriguez Estefanía , Sánchez Juan , Leon Jorge , Puentes Vladimir
Published: May 2019

Attention to the deep-sea environment has increased dramatically in the last decade due to the rising interest in natural resource exploitation. Although Colombia holds a large submerged territory, knowledge of the seabed and its biodiversity beyond 1,000 m depth is very limited. During 2015–2017, Anadarko Colombia Company (ACC) carried out hydrocarbon exploratory activities in the South-western Colombian Caribbean, at depths between 375 m and 2,565 m.

Capitalising on available data resources from these activities, several cnidarian species were observed in ROV and towed camera surveys. We analysed over nine hours of video and 5,066 still images from these surveys, identifying organisms to the lowest possible taxonomic level. The images and associated data presented here correspond to 108 observations of deep-sea cnidarians, including seven new records for the Colombian Caribbean. Given the paucity of research and funding to explore the deep-sea in Colombia, the present dataset comprises the largest deep-sea Cnidaria imagery inventory to date for the Colombian Caribbean.
Diversity of Moesziomyces (Ustilaginales, Ustilaginomycotina) on Echinochloa and Leersia (Poaceae)
Authors: Li Ying-Ming , Shivas Roger G. , Li Bao-Ju , Cai Lei
Published: May 2019

A combined ecological, morphological, and molecular approach was used to examine 26 herbarium specimens and eight strains of Moesziomyces. The phylogenetic analysis resolved eight well-supported clades, of which three contained type specimens of known species of Moesziomyces. One clade contained two specimens that produced a teleomorph in the flowers of Echinochloakimberleyensis in Australia. The name Moesziomyceskimberleyensis is proposed for this smut fungus. Another clade contained specimens that produced sori in the flowers of Leersiahexandra. The name Thecaphoraglobuligera (now Moesziomycesglobuligerus) is available for this species, which is lectotypified. The teleomorph of Moesziomycesantarcticus, previously known only from Japan, is found for the first time in China, on Echinochloacrus-galli.
Review of the genus Bolbochromus (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea, Geotrupidae, Bolboceratinae) in the Philippines
Authors: Li Chun-Lin , Krikken Jan , Wang Chuan-Chan
Published: May 2019

The genus Bolbochromus Boucomout, 1909 from the Philippines is reviewed for the first time. Six species in two subgenera, Metabolbochromus Krikken & Li, 2013 and Bolbochromus, including three new species, Bolbochromus (Bolbochromus) jengi Li & Krikken, sp. n., Bolbochromus (Bolbochromus) luzonensis Li & Krikken, sp. n., and Bolbochromus (Bolbochromus) setosifrons Li & Wang, sp. n., are described with diagnoses, illustrations, distributional data and remarks. A key for the identification of Philippine species is provided. An annotated checklist of the genus in the Philippines is given with information for each species including literature review, synonymy, distribution, and type locality.
Fabrication, diffusion et normalisation de la « parole » managériale
Authors: Desmoulins Lucile , Le Moing-Maas Elise
Published: May 2019

À partir d’un corpus de textes utilisés par les managers pour s’informer et se former à mieux communiquer oralement avec leurs équipes (catalogues de formation, sites et documents de club managériaux, articles de revues de vulgarisation en management), cet article analyse les prescriptions souvent paradoxales en matière d’expression managériale et le jeu entre être et paraître qui en découle. Il contribue ainsi à une réflexion critique sur les cadres théoriques, normatifs et symboliques qui sous-tendent les relations entre management et communication verbale dans une double optique d’agentivité et de rationalisation symbolique.
Des compétences communicationnelles à la régulation des émotions au travail : les rationalisations organisationnelles que révèle l’étude des dispositifs de prévention de la santé en entreprise
Authors: Dumas Aurélia
Published: May 2019

Cet article s’intéresse aux rationalisations organisationnelles qui peuvent être à l’œuvre au sein de l’entreprise à la fois d’un point communicationnel et émotionnel. Nous nous appuyons sur les résultats d’une vaste enquête de terrain conduite sur plus d’une année au sein d’une grande entreprise industrielle française d’envergure internationale, dans le cadre d’un travail de recherche doctorale. Pour ce faire, il a été mené une approche communicationnelle des dispositifs de prévention de la santé et de la sécurité au travail mis en place dans l’entreprise dont nous verrons qu’elle met en lumière les rationalisations d’ordre émotionnel qui s’opèrent et se donnent à voir au sein de la communication affective organisationnelle.
Les effets de la charge de travail et du plafonnement de carrière sur les trois dimensions de l’implication organisationnelle des cadres
Authors: Mhiri Sinda
Published: May 2019

Cet article met en relation trois concepts s’inscrivant parmi les plus grandes préoccupations des dirigeants des ressources humaines à savoir, la charge de travail, le plafonnement de carrière et l’implication organisationnelle. Une étude quantitative auprès de 1 134 cadres affiliés à la Confédération Française de l’Encadrement – Confédération Générale des Cadres (CFE-CGC), nous a permis, en recourant à la modélisation par les équations structurelles, de procéder à une vérification statistique des hypothèses et une validation du modèle de recherche à travers une Analyse Factorielle Exploratoire et une Analyse Factorielle Confirmatoire. Les résultats montrent une corrélation positive entre d’une part la charge de travail et le plafonnement de carrière et d’autre part, la dimension calculée de l’implication organisationnelle. Il existe aussi une corrélation négative entre ces deux variables et l’implication organisationnelle normative. La dimension affective de l’implication n’a de lien significatif (positif) qu’avec le plafonnement de carrière.
Effect of Laser in situ Keratomileusis for Hyperopia on Tear Film and Ocular Surface
Authors: Albietz Julie M , Lenton Lee M , McLennan Suzanne G
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To examine the effects of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for hyperopia on the tear film and ocular surface.

METHODS: A retrospective 12-month analysis of 88 eyes (88 participants) who had LASLK for hyperopia was performed. Participants were evaluated before and after (2 weeks, 1, 3, ?, and 12 months) surgery for dry eye symptoms (McMonnies Dry Eye Survey primary symptoms), tear film stability (fluorescein break-up time), tear volume (phenol red thread test), ocular surface staining (fluorescein), and conjunctival goblet cell density.

RESULTS: Chronic dry eye was experienced by 32% of participants; symptoms were significantly associated with female gender, preoperative dry eye symptoms, lower tear film stability after surgery, greater ocular surface staining after surgery, lower tear volume before and after surgery, and lower goblet cell densities after surgery. Regression rate 12 months after surgery was 32% and significantly associated with female gender, chronic dry eye symptoms, lower tear film stability after surgery, greater ocular surface staining before and after surgery, and lower tear volume before and after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS: Dry eye, particularly in females, is problematic after LASLK for hyperopia and is associated with refractive regression. Current methods for managing the tear film and ocular surface may not control LASLK-induced dry eye, particularly in some females during the first 6 months after surgery. [J Refract Surg 2002;18:113-123]
Jump factor models in large cross‐sections
Authors: Li Jia , Todorov Viktor , Tauchen George
Published: May 2019

We develop tests for deciding whether a large cross‐section of asset prices obey an exact factor structure at the times of factor jumps. Such jump dependence is implied by standard linear factor models. Our inference is based on a panel of asset returns with asymptotically increasing cross‐sectional dimension and sampling frequency, and essentially no restriction on the relative magnitude of these two dimensions of the panel. The test is formed from the high‐frequency returns at the times when the risk factors are detected to have a jump. The test statistic is a cross‐sectional average of a measure of discrepancy in the estimated jump factor loadings of the assets at consecutive jump times. Under the null hypothesis, the discrepancy in the factor loadings is due to a measurement error, which shrinks with the increase of the sampling frequency, while under an alternative of a noisy jump factor model this discrepancy contains also nonvanishing firm‐specific shocks. The limit behavior of the test under the null hypothesis is nonstandard and reflects the strong‐dependence in the cross‐section of returns as well as their heteroskedasticity which is left unspecified. We further develop estimators for assessing the magnitude of firm‐specific risk in asset prices at the factor jump events. Empirical application to S&P 100 stocks provides evidence for exact one‐factor structure at times of big market‐wide jump events.
A RANK-TWO NMF CLUSTERING: APPLICATION TO GLIOBLASTOMAS CHARACTERIZATION AND COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: Bougacha Aymen , Boughariou Jihene , Njeh Ines , Kammoun Omar , Mahfoudh Kheireddine Ben , Dammak Mariem , Mhiri Chokri , Hamida Ahmed Ben
Published: May 2019

This paper explores a novel clustering approach for multimodal Glioblastomas (GBM) characterization using the magnetic resonance image (MRI) modality. We define our segmentation problem as a linear mixture model (LMM). In every segmentation process, we generate a non-negative matrix with GLCM features from every MRI slice and a rank-two NMF (Non Negative Matrix Factorization) is applied.

Our method process in four levels of segmentation. In the first one, the LMM matrix for the whole brain was generated from FLAIR modality to extract whole tumor region, which considered as the region of Interest (ROI). In the second level, we extract the ROI from T1c modality and the LMM matrix was generated from only this ROI to extract necrosis region. The principle will be the same for the other two levels to extract the enhanced and the non-enhanced region. Quantitative and qualitative assessment over the publicly dataset from MICCAI 2015 challenge (BRATS 2015) demonstrated that the proposed method could generate a competitive efficiency for high grade Glioblastomas characterization among several competing method.

In order to highlight the performance of our method, we propose a comparative study with unsupervised segmentation methodologies (K-means, fuzzy C-means (FCM), gaussian mixture model (GMM) and hierarchical non-negative factorization (hNMF)) over the publicly BRATS 2015 dataset by computing validation metrics (the sensitivity, the dice and the specificity). The obtained results could attest the performance of the proposed algorithm compared to the unsupervised segmentation methodologies.
BRAIN TUMOR DETECTION AND SEGMENTATION USING MULTISCALE INTUITIONISTIC FUZZY ROUGHNESS IN MR IMAGES
Authors: Dubey Yogita , Mushrif Milind , Mitra Kajal
Published: May 2019

The magnetic resonance imaging technique is mostly used for visualizing and detecting brain tumor, which requires accurate segmentation of brain MR images into white matter, gray matter, cerebrospinal fluid, necrotic tissue, tumor, and edema. But brain image segmentation is a challenging task because of unknown noise and intensity inhomogeneity in brain MR images. This paper proposed a technique for the segmentation and the detection of a tumor, cystic component and edema in brain MR images using multiscale intuitionistic fuzzy roughness (MSIFR). Application of linear scale-space theory and intuitionistic fuzzy image representation deals with noise and intensity inhomogeneity in brain MR images. Intuitionistic fuzzy roughness calculated at proper scale is used to find optimum valley points for segmentation of brain MR images. The algorithm is applied to the real brain MR images from various hospitals and also to the benchmark set of the synthetic MR images from brainweb. The algorithm segments synthetic brain MR image into three regions, gray matter (GM), white matter (WM) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and also separates tumor, cystic component and edema accurately in real brain MR images. The results of segmentation of proposed algorithm for synthetic images are compared with nonlocal fuzzy c-means (NLFCM), rough set based algorithms, intervalued possibilistic fuzzy c-means (IPFCM), robust modified Gaussian mixture model with rough set (RMGMMRS) and three algorithms, recursive bias corrected possibilistic fuzzy c-means (RBCPFCM), recursive bias corrected possibilistic neighborhood fuzzy c-means (RBCPNFCM) and recursive bias corrected separately weighted possibilistic neighborhood fuzzy c-means (RBCSPNFCM). The quantitative and qualitative evaluation demonstrates the superiority of the proposed algorithm.
REPOSITIONING BONE FRAGMENTS USING REGISTRATION OF PAIRED-POINTS AND ASSISTED-CONSTRAINTS IN VIRTUAL BONE REDUCTION SURGERY
Authors: Irwansyah I. , Lai Jiing-Yih , Lee Pei-Yuan
Published: May 2019

When repositioning fractured bones in orthopedic surgery, correctness and accuracy are vital to allow the bone to regain the function and facial aesthetics of native uninjured bone. Various improvements to repositioning techniques have been proposed using points, curves, and surfaces to find correspondence between the fracture fragments. The aim of this study was to investigate the appropriate registration constraints for fractured bone reduction. One paired-point and three assisted-constraints registration methods were tested based on contralateral, landmark, and fracture line markers. The fractured proximal femur of a patient was used to compare the performance of these registration methods. Semi-automatic repositioning based on a singular value decomposition algorithm was performed to solve the problem of matching the data from two fragments. The repositioning results show that the proposed registration methods have great promise in assisting the user in defining the paired points, which is often difficult due to visibility limitations on images of fractured bone. Each of the proposed approaches was shown to yield different benefits. In terms of repositioning correctness, the use of contralateral constraints produced the smallest RMS error (1.853[Formula: see text]mm). The contralateral template method yielded the lowest fragment deviation error, but was not significantly superior to the other approaches. Fracture line-based constraints may potentially enable the relocation of fragments closest to pre-injured conditions.
The Neuroimmune Axis in Skin Sensation, Inflammation, and Immunity
Authors: Trier Anna M. , Mack Madison R. , Kim Brian S.
Published: May 2019

Although connections between the immune and nervous systems have long been recognized, the precise mechanisms that underlie this relationship are just starting to be elucidated. Advances in sensory biology have unveiled novel mechanisms by which inflammatory cytokines promote itch and pain sensations to coordinate host-protective behavioral responses. Conversely, new evidence has emphasized the importance of immune cell regulation by sensory neurons. By focusing on itch biology and how it has been informed by the more established field of pain research, we highlight recent interdisciplinary studies that demonstrate how novel neuroimmune interactions underlie a diversity of sensory, inflammatory, and infectious diseases.
Non-Traumatic Splenic Rupture in Amyloidosis as a Rare Evolution of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Perrone Lorenzo , Gervaso Lorenzo , Bosco Eugenia , Serra Francesco , Quaquarini Erica
Published: May 2019

We report the case of a 64-year-old man with a diagnosis of IgG lambda multiple myeloma (MM) symptomatic for bone lesions for which he received autologous stem cell transplant after induction treatment and high-dose melphalan, thalidomide and lenalidomide therapy. Twelve years after the diagnosis, he had an unexpected and acute onset of abdominal pain with signs of hypovolemic shock. A computed tomography scan was immediately performed and demonstrated a splenic rupture. A splenectomy was performed but, a week after, the patient developed an acute respiratory distress syndrome and died. After histological exam of the spleen, non-traumatic spleen rupture due to amyloidosis was our final diagnosis. This event is potentially fatal and rare in patients with MM; clinicians should be aware of this potential course of the disease and monitor patients also for amyloid induced organ damages.
Sex Comparisons of In Vivo Anterior Cruciate Ligament Morphometry
Authors: Wang Hsin-Min , Shultz Sandra J. , Ross Scott E. , Henson Robert A. , Perrin David H. , Kraft Robert A. , Schmitz Randy J.
Published: May 2019

Context

Females have consistently higher anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rates than males. The reasons for this disparity are not fully understood. Whereas ACL morphometric characteristics are associated with injury risk and females have a smaller absolute ACL size, comprehensive sex comparisons that adequately account for sex differences in body mass index (BMI) have been limited.

Objective

To investigate sex differences among in vivo ACL morphometric measures before and after controlling for femoral notch width and BMI.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty recreationally active men (age = 23.2 ± 2.9 years, height = 180.4 ± 6.7 cm, mass = 84.0 ± 10.9 kg) and 20 recreationally active women (age = 21.3 ± 2.3 years, height = 166.9 ± 7.7 cm, mass = 61.9 ± 7.2 kg) participated.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Structural magnetic resonance imaging sequences were performed on the left knee. Anterior cruciate ligament volume, width, and cross-sectional area measures were obtained from T2-weighted images and normalized to femoral notch width and BMI. Femoral notch width was measured from T1-weighted images. We used independent-samples t tests to examine sex differences in absolute and normalized measures.

Results

Men had greater absolute ACL volume (1712.2 ± 356.3 versus 1200.1 ± 337.8 mm3; t38 = −4.67, P < .001) and ACL width (8.5 ± 2.3 versus 7.0 ± 1.2 mm; t38 = −2.53, P = .02) than women. The ACL volume remained greater in men than in women after controlling for femoral notch width (89.31 ± 15.63 versus 72.42 ± 16.82 mm3/mm; t38 = −3.29, P = .002) and BMI (67.13 ± 15.40 versus 54.69 ± 16.39 mm3/kg/m2; t38 = −2.47, P = .02).

Conclusions

Whereas men had greater ACL volume and width than women, only ACL volume remained different when we accounted for femoral notch width and BMI. This suggests that ACL volume may be an appropriate measure of ACL anatomy in investigations of ACL morphometry and ACL injury risk that include sex comparisons.
Inspecting evidence between cancer therapy-induced oral mucositis and periodontitis: A narrative review
Authors: Novaes Cristina De Paula , Moreira Aline , Chaves Maria Das Graças Afonso Miranda , Fabri Gisele Maria Campos
Published: May 2019

This narrative review aims to update the reader about the current issues surrounding central aspects implicated in the relationship between oral mucositis (OM) and periodontitis. We searched Medline/PubMed database. English language publications were included in the study. Paired reviewers selected articles for inclusion and extracted data. Forty-four studies met our inclusion criteria. The majority of the studies were review (63.8%) and clinical studies (36.2%). There is a lack of studies regarding the association of periodontal disease (PD) and OM. However, there are pathogenic similarities between them. Look for scientific evidence to confirm the relationship between PD and OM is imperative. Thus, if periodontitis can actually interfere with the occurrence and severity of OM, the establishment of strategies to reduce it may contribute to better control of OM, a serious adverse effect of cancer treatment.
Evaluation of the interpretation of bitewing radiographs in treating interproximal caries
Authors: Hajizadeh Hila , Akbari Majid , Zarch Seyed Hosein Hoseini , Nemati-Karimooy Atefeh , Izadjou Azadeh
Published: May 2019

Objective: Misinterpretation of bitewing radiographs may lead to the selection of surgical approach rather than medical approach in treating proximal caries lesions. We aimed to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of bitewing radiography interpretation by various groups of dentists for the detection of proximal caries and subsequent treatment decision-making. Materials and Methods: This in vitro study was performed using 60 extracted molar and premolar teeth. The target proximal carious surfaces were categorized and coded according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) as category 1: ICDAS = 0, category 2: ICDAS = 1 or 2, and category 3: ICDAS = 3, 4, or 5. All the teeth were randomly divided and mounted onto 15 quadrants made of two premolars and two molars, and a digital bitewing image was taken from each quadrant. A checklist was given to four groups of participants (dentistry students, dentists with a DDS degree, restorative dentistry specialists, and oral radiology specialists) to indicate for which lesion depth they would intervene restoratively. The data acquired through the checklists were compared with direct visual examination of target surfaces before mounting. Results: Sensitivity and accuracy of bitewing radiography showed no significant difference among the groups. However, specificity was significantly higher in Group D. Conclusions: According to our results, interpretation of bitewing radiographs was different among the groups. Although not significant, the radiologists had the highest diagnostic accuracy than the other groups of participants, and the students showed the weakest performance in the diagnosis of restorative treatment needed. Furthermore, the highest percentage of decision error occurred when lesions had ICDAS 1 or 2, followed by ICDAS 3, 4, or 5, and finally 0 in all the four groups.
Yamabe Solitons and Ricci Solitons on Almost co-Kähler Manifolds
Authors: Suh Young Jin , De Uday Chand
Published: May 2019

The object of this paper is to study Yamabe solitons on almost co-Kähler manifolds as well as on $(k,\unicode[STIX]{x1D707})$-almost co-Kähler manifolds. We also study Ricci solitons on $(k,\unicode[STIX]{x1D707})$-almost co-Kähler manifolds.
Agricultura familiar e agronegócio: expressões do espaço rural brasileiro no livro didático de Geografia do ensino fundamental II
Authors: Alves Lidiane Aparecida
Published: May 2019

O objetivo do artigo é refletir sobre a agricultura familiar e o agronegócio no atual contexto do rural brasileiro e como estes temas são abordados no âmbito do ensino fundamental II. Para atingir o objetivo, realizou-se uma reflexão sobre a temática considerando as discussões teóricas e avanços em termos acadêmico e político institucional. Em seguida, analisou-se a abordagem da temática nos livros didáticos escolhidos. De modo que, constatou-se diferenças epistemológicas e no discurso sobre o agronegócio e a agricultura familiar, sendo que apesar das obras abordarem os problemas inerentes as duas formas de produção presentes no campo brasileiro, no livro B, o tema é tratado de modo mais abrangente e crítico.
Distribuição espacial do valor da produção da soja no Rio Grande do Sul: distintos retratos de 2000 a 2010
Authors: De Lima da Vida Pellenz Jéssica , De Almeida Mariza , Ataides Freitas Clailton
Published: May 2019

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar as alterações ocasionadas pelo Boom das Commodities na distribuição espacial da produção da soja no estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brasil, através de análise exploratória de dados espaciais (AEDE), bem como identificar a formação de clusters nos anos de 2000, 2004, 2005 e 2010. Para tanto, foram utilizados dados secundários da Produção Agrícola Municipal, obtidos no site do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), em que se analisou o valor da produção da soja por meio da análise do índice de Moran. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que há autocorrelação espacial positiva entre os municípios, e que o boom teve efeitos distintos no curto e longo-prazo no que se refere aos municípios com elevada autocorrelação espacial.
The relationship between anticyclonic anomalies in northeastern Asia and severe haze in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region
Authors: Zhong Wogu , Yin Zhicong , Wang Huijun
Published: May 2019

Abstract. Haze pollution in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region has become
increasingly more severe and persistent in recent years. To better understand
the formation of severe haze and its relationship with anticyclonic anomalies
over northeastern Asia (AANA), this research focused on severe haze over the
BTH region occurring in December during 2014–2016 and examined the impacts
of AANA. The results indicated that local meteorological conditions were
conducive to severe haze (such as weaker surface winds, a stronger
temperature inversion, a shallower boundary layer, and higher relative
humidity) and were all closely related to AANA. During severe haze episodes,
AANA remained strong in the middle upper troposphere, generating anomalous
southeasterly winds near the surface. This effect not only promoted the
accumulation of pollutants due to the unique topographical conditions in the
BTH region but also caused warm advection in lower levels, which was the main
cause of the formation and development of a temperature inversion layer. As a
synoptic-scale circulation, AANA were accompanied by anomalous vertical
motions in the surrounding areas, which weakened the meridional circulation
over the BTH region. Intrusions of clean air from upper levels to the surface
and downward transport of westerly momentum at mid-levels and upper levels
were suppressed, resulting in weaker northerly winds near the surface and a
shallower boundary layer. The thermally indirect zonal circulation between
the BTH region and western Pacific triggered by AANA provided a persistent
source of moisture for the BTH region, which strengthened the development of
severe haze by promoting the growth of fine particulates. The advance and
retreat of AANA often corresponded with the emergence and dissipation of
severe haze, illustrating that AANA could be effective forecast indicators
for air quality.