bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The version effect of apps and operating systems in mobile commerce
Authors: Zhang Xingyue (Luna) , Cui Ruomeng , Yao Oliver
Published: September 2022

Different versions of mobile operating systems or shopping apps enable different functionalities and information flows, thus creating various mobile shopping environments. In general, up‐to‐date versions provide better information flows and richer functionalities. However, mobile operating systems and shopping apps affect consumer behavior through different mechanisms. An up‐to‐date mobile operating system reduces the system response time, while an up‐to‐date shopping app improves algorithms for better search accuracy. The former encourages consumer explore and search, whereas the latter improves consumer search efficiency and reduces chances for consumers to discover more products. Using a unique large‐scale clickstream data set from a mobile commerce retailer, we examine the effect of mobile operating system and app versions on consumer search and impulse purchase behaviors in mobile commerce. Our results show that consumers with an up‐to‐date mobile operating system or a previous version of a shopping app conduct more searches in terms of increased product page views and time spent on product pages, which results in a higher probability of consumer impulse purchase. However, consumers' search for individual products is not affected by versions. Surprisingly, though more page views or time spent may boost purchases, we find that consumer search affects impulse purchases nonlinearly in that page views and time spent have a decreasing rate of impact. Our computations show that using an up‐to‐date operating system increases consumer search activities by 60.45 product pages or 521.30 seconds spent browsing compared to using a previous version of an operation system. Using an up‐to‐date app decreases consumer search activities by 129.34 product pages or 1446.48 seconds spent browsing compared to using a previous version of a mobile app.
Human Resource Management Practices: Compare the Perceptions of Faculty Members in Punjab and Federal Universities
Authors: Rana Rizwan Munawar
Published: September 2022

Effective Human Resource Management Practices (HRMP) paves the path for any institution to achieve their competitive advantages, institutional goals and ultimately the success of an institution. Without effective execution of HRM practices, an institution not only wastes its time but also a lot of money and other resources. The present research was designed to compare the perception faculty members of Islamabad Capital Territory and Punjab Province Universities about HRM practices in Universities of Federal and Punjab. The tool of research was developed after review of related literature and validated in accordance with the concerned experts’ opinion based on 6 subscales, consisted of 34 items; indicated Cronbach Alpha 0.82 was used. Quantitative data were analyzed on Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21. The analysed data explore that there is no difference of HRM practices at Federal and Punjab level Universities. HRM Practices are needed to be identified to know about the weaknesses, which exist in the present system and search out the loopholes that create hindrances in effective human resource management practices.
Experimental Investigation of the Oil Supply Layer in a Model Rolling Bearing
Authors: Liang He , Fan Zhihan , Wang Wenzhong , Zhao Ziqiang
Published: September 2022

Most of the rolling bearings work under starvation conditions. The quantitative measurement of the oil layer may provide a new perspective on the rolling bearing lubrication. In this research, the laser-induced fluorescence technique was utilized to measure the oil layer thickness out of the contact on a modified angular contact ball-bearing testing apparatus. The forms of oil supply for the ball-outer-ring contact at various speeds were studied, as well as the influences of centrifugal forces.
A Proof-of-Concept Study on an Internal-Resonance-Based Piezoelectric Energy Harvester With Coupled Three-Dimensional Bending-Torsion Motions
Authors: Fan Yimin , Ghayesh Mergen H. , Lu Tien-Fu
Published: September 2022

By exchanging the internal energy between coupled vibration modes, internal-resonance-based energy harvesters may provide an effective solution to broadening and enhancing bandwidth and power performance in dealing with natural vibration sources. With the development of piezoelectric-based transducers, thickness and face shear coefficients in proper piezoelectric elements can also generate power output from shear deformation on the core vibrating elements. However, in most cantilever-based energy harvesters that focused on bending modes, the shear responses were neglected. In this paper, we present an internal-resonance-based piezoelectric energy harvester with three-dimensional coupled bending and torsional modes, for the first time. The fine-tuned system leverages a two-to-one internal resonance between its first torsion and second bending modes to enhance the power output with piezoelectric effects. The dynamic behavior implies the coexistence of in-plane and out-of-plane motions under a single excitation frequency, and the corresponding strain changes in the bending and shear directions are captured by bonded piezoelectric transducers. Dependence between excitation levels and the internal-resonance phenomenon is justified as a critical system parameter study; the results also indicate that an intriguing non-periodic region exists near the center frequency. The outcomes of this study feature a multi-directional and multi-modal energy harvester that displays rich dynamic behaviors. The operational bandwidth is promising for broadband energy harvesting, and the output voltage is enhanced by capturing both in-plane and out-of-plane motions at the same time.
Microscopic robots with onboard digital control
Authors: Reynolds Michael F. , Cortese Alejandro J. , Liu Qingkun , Zheng Zhangqi , Wang Wei , Norris Samantha L. , Lee Sunwoo , Miskin Marc Z. , Molnar Alyosha C. , Cohen Itai , McEuen Paul L.
Published: September 2022

Autonomous robots—systems where mechanical actuators are guided through a series of states by information processing units to perform a predesigned function—are expected to revolutionize everything from health care to transportation. Microscopic robots are poised for a similar revolution in fields from medicine to environmental remediation. A key hurdle to developing these microscopic robots is the integration of information systems, particularly electronics fabricated at commercial foundries, with microactuators. Here, we develop such an integration process and build microscopic robots controlled by onboard complementary metal oxide semiconductor electronics. The resulting autonomous, untethered robots are 100 to 250 micrometers in size, are powered by light, and walk at speeds greater than 10 micrometers per second. In addition, we demonstrate a microscopic robot that can respond to an optical command. This work paves the way for ubiquitous autonomous microscopic robots that perform complex functions, respond to their environments, and communicate with the outside world.
Inverted direct allorecognition triggers early donor-specific antibody responses after transplantation
Authors: Charmetant Xavier , Chen Chien-Chia , Hamada Sarah , Goncalves David , Saison Carole , Rabeyrin Maud , Rabant Marion , Duong van Huyen Jean-Paul , Koenig Alice , Mathias Virginie , Barba Thomas , Lacaille Florence , le Pavec Jérôme , Brugière Olivier , Taupin Jean-Luc , Chalabreysse Lara , Mornex Jean-François , Couzi Lionel , Graff-Dubois Stéphanie , Jeger-Madiot Raphaël , Tran-Dinh Alexy , Mordant Pierre , Paidassi Helena , Defrance Thierry , Morelon Emmanuel , Badet Lionel , Nicoletti Antonino , Dubois Valérie , Thaunat Olivier
Published: September 2022

The generation of antibodies against donor-specific major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens, a type of donor-specific antibodies (DSAs), after transplantation requires that recipient’s allospecific B cells receive help from T cells. The current dogma holds that this help is exclusively provided by the recipient’s CD4
+
T cells that recognize complexes of recipient’s MHC II molecules and peptides derived from donor-specific MHC alloantigens, a process called indirect allorecognition. Here, we demonstrated that, after allogeneic heart transplantation, CD3ε knockout recipient mice lacking T cells generate a rapid, transient wave of switched alloantibodies, predominantly directed against MHC I molecules. This is due to the presence of donor CD4
+
T cells within the graft that recognize intact recipient’s MHC II molecules expressed by B cell receptor–activated allospecific B cells. Indirect evidence suggests that this inverted direct pathway is also operant in patients after transplantation. Resident memory donor CD4
+
T cells were observed in perfusion liquids of human renal and lung grafts and acquired B cell helper functions upon in vitro stimulation. Furthermore, T follicular helper cells, specialized in helping B cells, were abundant in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue of lung and intestinal grafts. In the latter, more graft-derived passenger T cells correlated with the detection of donor T cells in recipient’s circulation; this, in turn, was associated with an early transient anti–MHC I DSA response and worse transplantation outcomes. We conclude that this inverted direct allorecognition is a possible explanation for the early transient anti-MHC DSA responses frequently observed after lung or intestinal transplantations.
Molecular MRI quantification of extracellular aldehyde pairs for early detection of liver fibrogenesis and response to treatment
Authors: Ning Yingying , Zhou Iris. Y. , Roberts Jesse D. , Rotile Nicholas J. , Akam Eman , Barrett Stephen C. , Sojoodi Mozhdeh , Barr Matthew N. , Punshon Tracy , Pantazopoulos Pamela , Drescher Hannah K. , Jackson Brian P. , Tanabe Kenneth K. , Caravan Peter
Published: September 2022

Liver fibrosis plays a critical role in the evolution of most chronic liver diseases and is characterized by a buildup of extracellular matrix, which can progress to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, liver failure, or death. Now, there are no noninvasive methods available to accurately assess disease activity (fibrogenesis) to sensitively detect early onset of fibrosis or to detect early response to treatment. Here, we hypothesized that extracellular allysine aldehyde (Lys
Ald
) pairs formed by collagen oxidation during active fibrosis could be a target for assessing fibrogenesis with a molecular probe. We showed that molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using an extracellular probe targeting these Lys
Ald
pairs acts as a noninvasive biomarker of fibrogenesis and demonstrated its high sensitivity and specificity in detecting fibrogenesis in toxin- and dietary-induced mouse models, a cholestasis rat model of liver fibrogenesis, and in human fibrotic liver tissues. Quantitative molecular MRI was highly correlated with fibrogenesis markers and enabled noninvasive detection of early onset fibrosis and response to antifibrotic treatment, showing high potential for clinical translation.
A Co-Association of Streptococcus mutans and Veillonella parvula/dispar in Root Caries Patients and
In Vitro
Biofilms
Authors: Abram Amber M. , Szewczyk Michelle M. , Park Seon G. , Sam Sumita S. , Eldana Haya B. , Koria Fadi J. , Ferracciolo Joseph M. , Young Laura A. , Qadir Hina , Bonham Aaron J. , Yang Fei , Zora Jonathan S. , Abdulelah Sara A. , Patel Neil A. , Koleilat Ayah , Saleh Malaka A. , Alhabeil Jamal A. , Khan Shameel , Tripathi Ashootosh , Palanci John G. , Krukonis Eric S.
Published: September 2022

Root caries in geriatric patients is a growing problem as more people are maintaining their natural teeth into advanced age. We determined the levels of various bacterial species previously implicated in root caries disease or health using quantitative real-time PCR in a pilot study of 7 patients with 1 to 4 root caries lesions per person.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Macrolide-Resistant Bordetella pertussis Isolated in Japan
Authors: Koide Kentaro , Yamaguchi Takahiro , Katsukawa Chihiro , Otsuka Nao , Kenri Tsuyoshi , Kamachi Kazunari
Published: September 2022

We report the complete genome sequence of macrolide-resistant
Bordetella pertussis
BP616, which was first isolated in 2018 in Japan. The BP616 genome can serve as a valuable specific reference for genomic and epidemiological studies of this resistant bacterium.
Broadband Whistler Waves and Differential Electron Fluxes in the Equatorial Region of the Magnetosphere behind the Plasmapause during Substorm Injections
Authors: Titova E. E. , Shklyar D. R. , Manninen J.
Published: September 2022

This paper considers the whistler waves in the frequency band from 3 to 30 kHz observed on the Van Allen Probe-B satellite on March 17, 2019, when the satellite was on L-shells from 2.8 to 5.4. The upper frequency in the emission spectrum followed the course of the electron gyrofrequency $${{f}_{{ce}}}$$ and was lower than it by 1–5 kHz. The emission spectrum often had two spectral maxima (above and below fce/2); the maximum at frequencies above fce/2 could be either more or less intense. High-frequency whistler waves at frequencies > fce/2 were observed simultaneously with an increase in low-energy electron fluxes with energies more than 102 eV, which had transverse anisotropy. To explain the observed spectrum, we used simultaneous satellite measurements of the cold plasma density and differential fluxes of energetic electrons in the energy range from 0.015 to 250 keV in a wide range of pitch angles to determine the electron distribution function and calculate local linear growth rate as a function of frequency f and wave normal angle $$\theta $$. The calculations were performed for three cyclotron resonances (n = 1, 0, –1) that make the largest contributions to the wave growth rate. The calculations showed the presence of a pronounced maximum at frequencies (0.8–0.9) fce. The energy range and pitch angles of electrons with a maximum contribution to wave excitation at these frequencies were estimated.
The Magnetic Properties of a NdFeB Permanent Magnets Prepared by Selective Laser Sintering
Authors: Maltseva V. E. , Andreev S. V. , Neznakhin D. S. , Urzhumtsev A. N. , Selezneva N. V. , Volegov A. S.
Published: September 2022

Abstract—The additive manufacturing of functional materials has a number of advantages over the sintering, which consist in the possibility of fabricating near-net-shape and locally forming the properties. In the present study, the effect of synthesis parameters on the phase composition and magnetic hysteretic properties of single-layer Nd2Fe14B-based permanent magnets synthesized by selective laser sintering is investigated. The causes for the effect of synthesis parameters on the magnetic hysteretic properties are considered. The possibility of reaching a coercivity of single-layer magnets of 19.5 kOe, which are free of heavy rare-earth metals, is demonstrated.
Deliberation-based learning: strengthening neonatal care in China
Authors: Xiao Yue , Qiu Yingpeng , Husain Lewis , Bloom Gerald , Shi Liwei
Published: September 2022

This paper presents a case example from China, where detailed deliberations were instrumental in bringing together national and subnational managers to tailor implementation protocols for neonatal care strategies at provincial and county levels. The China National Health Development Research Center (CNHDRC) organised deliberations to support the formulation of strategies for improving early essential neonatal care for rural areas. The aim was to help counties, the lowest level jurisdiction in China, learn what could work locally, and to help provinces and the national government learn what should inform national policy and be disseminated widely in China’s decentralised health system. It became clear that central-level stakeholders needed to learn how to help counties support the pilots. CNHDRC staff, national-level experts and academics visited pilot provinces and counties to discuss local policies, initiatives and challenges (including with patients), build a common understanding of the project and identify local support needs including by examining health records and observing health facilities. What followed were county-specific reports with priority interventions and implementation plans, which were further refined through county-level meetings. They helped central stakeholders better understand and address variations in county capacities and needs.
Adapting public health response through lessons learnt: Nigeria’s experience from Lassa fever and COVID-19
Authors: Saleh Fatima , Popoola Biliamin O , Arinze Chinedu , Elisha Andebutop A. , Dan-Nwafor Chioma , Olajide Lois , Ilori Elsie , Ochu Chinwe Lucia , Ihekweazu Chikwe A
Published: September 2022

Response to public health emergencies requires continued adaptation and innovation. The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) is the country’s public health institute with the mandate to protect the health of Nigerians. Achieving such mandate in resource-limited settings with divergent demographic characteristics of the citizens, necessitates the readiness to learn from experience and to develop policies and activities in line with lessons learnt and best practices. This practice paper describes the initiatives of the NCDC towards adapting its public health response activities by establishing learning systems across its structure. The paper informs on some of the steps taken by the Centre regarding learning from the Lassa fever outbreak and the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria. It concludes that commitment and investments are key requirements for learning and adapting public health responses to achieve success with combating infectious diseases.
Learning health systems in low-income and middle-income countries: exploring evidence and expert insights
Authors: Witter Sophie , Sheikh Kabir , Schleiff Meike
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Learning health systems (LHS) is a multifaceted subject. This paper reviewed current concepts as well as real-world experiences of LHS, drawing on published and unpublished knowledge in order to identify and describe important principles and practices that characterise LHS in low/middle-income country (LMIC) settings.

Methods

We adopted an exploratory approach to the literature review, recognising there are limited studies that focus specifically on system-wide learning in LMICs, but a vast set of connected bodies of literature. 116 studies were included, drawn from an electronic literature search of published and grey literature. In addition, 17 interviews were conducted with health policy and research experts to gain experiential knowledge.

Results

The findings were structured by eight domains on learning enablers. All of these interact with one another and influence actors from community to international levels.

We found that learning comes from the connection between information, deliberation, and action. Moreover, these processes occur at different levels. It is therefore important to consider experiential knowledge from multiple levels and experiences. Creating spaces and providing resources for communities, staff and managers to deliberate on their challenges and find solutions has political implications, however, and is challenging, particularly when resources are constrained, funding and accountability are fragmented and the focus is short-term and narrow. Nevertheless, we can learn from countries that have managed to develop institutional mechanisms and human capacities which help health systems respond to changing environments with ‘best fit’ solutions.

Conclusion

Health systems are knowledge producers, but learning is not automatic. It needs to be valued and facilitated. Everyday governance of health systems can create spaces for reflective practice and learning within routine processes at different levels. This article highlights important enablers, but there remains much work to be done on developing this field of knowledge.
Reviewing the evidence on health financing for effective coverage: do financial incentives work?
Authors: de Walque Damien , Kandpal Eeshani
Published: September 2022

The widening gap between improving healthcare coverage rates and stagnating health outcomes across low-income and middle-income countries highlights the need for investments in quality of care, in addition to access. New research, presented in a World Bank report, examines one type of relevant policy reform: performance-based financing (PBF), which is a package reform that always includes performance pay to front-line health workers and often also provides facility autonomy, transparency and community engagement. A large body of rigorous studies and new analysis show that in under-resourced, centralised health systems, PBF can result in gains to service utilisation, but only has limited impacts on quality. Even the relative benefits of PBF on service utilisation are less clear when compared with (1) direct facility financing which provides front-line facilities with operating budgets and provider autonomy, but not performance pay and (2) demand-side financial support for health services (ie, conditional cash transfers and vouchers). Thus, the central component of PBF—the performance pay—appears to add little value over flexible payment systems and provider autonomy. The analysis shows that this lack of impact is unsurprising because most of the constraints to improving quality do not lie with the health worker in these settings. While PBF was conceived as a complex package ‘blueprint’, we review the evidence to conclude that only some elements seem to make sense. To improve quality of care, health financing should pivot from performance pay while retaining the elements of direct facility financing, autonomy, transparency and community engagement.
Evaluation of CSF kappa free light chains for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS): a comparison with oligoclonal bands (OCB) detection via isoelectric focusing (IEF) coupled with immunoblotting
Authors: Abid Muhammad Abbas , Ahmed Sibtain , Muneer Siraj , Khan Samia , de Oliveira Maria Helena Santos , Kausar Rizwana , Siddiqui Imran
Published: September 2022

This study was done to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid kappa free light chain (KFLC) for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, against isoelectrofocusing (IEF) to detect oligoclonal bands (OCB) as gold standard. 64 cases were divided into positive and negative based on the OCB results. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated for the 1 mg/L cut-off. The 1 mg/L cut-off yielded a percent agreement of 86.1% and Cohen’s kappa value of 0.8. Youden’s index, yielded a cut-off of 0.92 mg/L as optimal (90.3% specificity and 90.9% sensitivity). The analytical time was 3 hours and 55 min for IEF and 25 min for KFLC. The cost of a single OCB test was PKR12 000 (US$68.17) compared with PKR4150 (US$23.58) for KFLC. KFLC proved to be an accurate, cheaper and time-saving alternative and can be performed prior to the contemporary testing.
Are external head measurements a reliable predictor of brain size in the Common Quail (Coturnix coturnix)?
Authors: Bialas Joanna T. , Marasco Valeria , Fusani Leonida , Pola Gianni , Tobolka Marcin
Published: September 2022

Comparative research conducted during the past two decades revealed ecological and evolutionary consequences of interspecies differences in relation to brain size. However, relatively much fewer studies have focused on intraspecific variation in brain sizes. This may arise from the lack of a reliable and universal methodology to estimate brain size that can be employed in wild populations in vivo and in a minimally invasive manner. Here, we assessed whether variation in brain mass of Common Quails ( Coturnix coturnix (Linnaeus, 1758)) was predicted by external measurements of the head. Contrary to previous work, we found that the height of the head and not the volume of the head was the best predictor of brain mass in the Common Quail. However, we found that the height of the head explained only a relatively small proportion of variance in brain masses (i.e., 74.4%). Our data suggest that the external measurements of the head may not represent a universally applicable methodology to estimate brain sizes in birds and should, therefore, be used cautiously and validated for the studied species.
Experiment with a laser and a mirror to accurately measure the Hubble constant
Authors: Yanchilina Firyuza , Yanchilin Vasily
Published: September 2022

We propose a new method for calculating the redshift in galaxies, according to which the amount of redshift in the spectrum of each galaxy consists of two parts: about 2/3 of the redshift is due to the speed of the galaxy moving away from us, and about 1/3 is due to the fact that photons moving in the expanding Universe acquire an additional (non-Doppler) redshift. The additional reddening of photons in the spectrum of the galaxy is due to photons coming to us from the past, when the gravitational potential of the universe was lower, and consequently, the frequencies of atomic spectra were also lower than at present. A scheme of a laboratory experiment is proposed that will allow direct measurement of a non-Doppler (additional) part of the cosmological redshift and demonstrate the very fact of the expansion of the universe in real time in about 15 min. The experiment also makes it possible to measure the expansion rate of the universe and its current gravitational potential. These results will help to significantly refine modern ideas about the age of the universe, and about the amount of dark energy and dark matter in it.
Bio-Synthesis of (Zn/Se) Core-Shell Nanoparticles by Micro Plasma-Jet Technique
Authors: Mazhir Sabah N. , Abdalameer Nisreen Kh. , Yaaqoob Laith A. , Hammood Jwan Kh.
Published: September 2022

In this paper, core–shell structured (ZnSe) is prepared bio synthesis by cold plasma technique under atmospheric pressure with an exposure time of 3[Formula: see text]min and a gas flow rate of 3[Formula: see text]L/min. Films’ structural characteristics and morphological characterization were investigated by X-ray diffractometer, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). In addition, parameters like crystal size were calculated. Results showed XRD patterns exhibit structure of polycrystalline of preferential orientation (111) direction. SEM technique shows that the nanoparticles presented are spherical. AFM image verified film-formed spherical particles distribute uniformly. The antibacterial diffusion method property of these nanoparticles was performed against Gram-negative bacteria of Escherichia coli and Gram-positive bacteria of Staphylococcus aureus, showing good control of said bacteria. The maximum level of inhibition was found in coli form bacteria with an average inhibition zone diameter with S. aureus, implying an increasing trend with increasing/decreasing loading volume of NC volume. Therefore, these nanomaterials, which can be prepared in a simple and cost-effective way, may be suitable for new types of germicidal materials.
Driving an innovation contest into crisis
Authors: Romanov Aleksandr
Published: September 2022

The
Communications
website, https://cacm.acm.org, features more than a dozen bloggers in the BLOG@CACM community. In each issue of
Communications
, we'll publish selected posts or excerpts.

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Aleksandr Romanov considers how a lack of permanent leadership is impacting the InnovateFPGA contest.
Traffic classification in an increasingly encrypted web
Authors: Akbari Iman , Salahuddin Mohammad A. , Ven Leni , Limam Noura , Boutaba Raouf , Mathieu Bertrand , Moteau Stephanie , Tuffin Stephane
Published: September 2022

Traffic classification is essential in network management for a wide range of operations. Recently, it has become increasingly challenging with the widespread adoption of encryption in the Internet, for example, as a
de facto
in HTTP/2 and QUIC protocols. In the current state of encrypted traffic classification using deep learning (DL), we identify fundamental issues in the way it is typically approached. For instance, although complex DL models with millions of parameters are being used, these models implement a relatively simple logic based on certain header fields of the TLS handshake, limiting model robustness to future versions of encrypted protocols. Furthermore, encrypted traffic is often treated as any other raw input for DL, while crucial domain-specific considerations are commonly ignored. In this paper, we design a novel feature engineering approach used for encrypted Web protocols, and develop a neural network architecture based on stacked long short-term memory layers and convolutional neural networks. We evaluate our approach on a real-world Web traffic dataset from a major Internet service provider and mobile network operator. We achieve an accuracy of 95% in service classification with less raw traffic and a smaller number of parameters, outperforming a state-of-the-art method by nearly 50% fewer false classifications. We show that our DL model generalizes for different classification objectives and encrypted Web protocols. We also evaluate our approach on a public QUIC dataset with finer application-level granularity in labeling, achieving an overall accuracy of 99%.
Mapping the Privacy Landscape for Central Bank Digital Currencies
Authors: Auer Raphael , Böhme Rainer , Clark Jeremy , Demirag Didem
Published: September 2022

As central banks all over the world move to digitize cash, the issue of privacy needs to move to the forefront. The path taken may depend on the needs of each stakeholder group: privacy-conscious users, data holders, and law enforcement.
Ternary (N, B, F)-Doped Biocarbon Derived from Bean Residues as Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction and Evolution Reactions
Authors: Tan Mingxiu , Wang Qing , Wang Shasha , Liu Wuxin , Wang Dengyang , Luo Shaohua , Hou Pengqing , Zhou Meng , Zhang Yahui , Yan Shengxue , Liu Xin
Published: September 2022

Development of efficient metal-free carbon-based electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are of great significance for Zn-air batteries. Herein, a porous biocarbon bifunctional catalyst (C-NBF-G) was directly synthesized via simple alkali activation and carbonization from bean residues. C-NBF-G exhibited hierarchical porous structures, ternary heteroatom (N, B, and F) doping, a large specific surface area, and a relatively high degree of graphitization. The synergistic action of these characteristics contributed to the outstanding catalytic properties of C-NBF-G for ORR and OER. The catalyst demonstrated an onset potential of 0.94 V, half-wave potential of 0.824 V, and a limiting current density of 5.92 mA cm−2, comparable to those of the commercial 20 wt% Pt/C catalysts. C-NBF-G also exhibited an OER overpotential of 333 mV at 10 mA cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 114 mV dec−1, lower than those of the commercial Pt/C and RuO2 catalysts. These results proved the promising performance of C-NBF-G as a bifunctional catalyst for the ORR and OER.
A Highly Reliable Ni/NiO Reference Electrode for Molten Li-Na-K Carbonates
Authors: Chen Di , Du Kaifa , Li Wenmiao , Wang Peilin , Guo Lei , Deng Bowen , Li Wei , Yin Huayi , Wang Dihua
Published: September 2022

Precise control/measurement of electrode potential is significant to understanding and tailoring the electrochemical reactions in high-temperature molten carbonates. However, a highly stable and reproducible reference electrode is still absent in the electrolyte. This work reported an extremely reliable Ni/NiO reference electrode, rather than an Ag+/Ag electrode, for molten ternary Li-Na-K carbonates. The selection principle of redox couple and membrane material are systematically investigated by thermodynamic analysis and experimental characterization. The stability, polarization resistance, and potential repeatability of the Ni/NiO reference electrode were evaluated by electrochemical measurements. The linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) results showed that the potential change was less than 17.3 mV within 120 h. The electrode potential could be restored quickly after large-current polarization. The minimum potential difference among parallel reference electrodes is 0.81 mV, demonstrating an excellent reproducibility of the Ni/NiO reference electrode. Overall, the novel reference electrode based on the Ni/NiO redox couple and the mullite membrane possessed potential long-term stability, excellent polarization resistance, and potential repeatability in molten carbonates.
Neuromuscular characteristics during weight loss in a professional boxer: a case study
Authors: Hirono Tetsuya , Ueda Saeko , Mita Yukiko , Watanabe Kohei
Published: September 2022

This case study found that neural input to muscle, which was evaluated by high-density surface electrocardiography, increased to compensate for the decline of body weight and muscle mass and to maintain muscle strength during rapid weight loss, while neuromuscular characteristics were not markedly changed during no significant weight loss.
Research and Application of Data-Driven Modeling Method for Gear System Based on Time-Varying Characteristics
Authors: Zhu Zi-wen , Zhu Xiaojun , Pan Yong-bo
Published: September 2022

The time-varying characteristics of the gear system have an essential influence on its vibration and stability characteristics. Aiming at this characteristic and taking the generalized force caused by load torque as input and dynamic transmission error as output, a data-driven modeling method for gear time-varying system is studied using the periodic time-varying system identification theory. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the lumped mass model of the gear system. This method has high modeling accuracy and can accurately characterize the time-varying characteristics of the gear system. Then, the virtual experimental platform of gear system dynamics is established based on the finite element theory. The method successfully extends to the virtual experimental platform, laying a foundation for analyzing the gear system’s dynamic characteristics.
Analytical Solutions for a Deep-Buried Tunnel with Noncircular Cross Sections in Orthotropic Rock Mass
Authors: Liu Shuhong , Duan Jiajun , Wu Chenhao , Zhu Yongquan
Published: September 2022

For the generalized plane strain problem of a deep-buried tunnel excavated in orthotropic rock mass under far-field biaxial compression, the stress and displacement are the most important basis for determining tunnel support design. First, by using the complex variable method, the conformal mapping and affine transformation functions are represented by the same variable. Two stress functions are obtained by the integral method, and thus, the analytical solutions for stress and displacement in orthotropic rock mass are obtained. Second, taking a horseshoe-shaped tunnel as an example, the stress and displacement distributions around the tunnel are given by using the analytical and the finite element method software ANSYS, respectively. The analytical and numerical results are in good agreement, especially at the tunnel edge. Finally, compared with isotropic rock mass, the results show that material constants of the rock mass have little effect on the stress and significant effect on the displacement.
The Choice of Anesthetic Drugs in Outpatient Hysteroscopic Surgery: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Shengnan , Wu Bin , Peng Bibo , Zhang Qian , Zhao Hongdan , Hou Kun , An Lina
Published: September 2022

Objective. Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive gynecologic technique that is widely practiced in outpatient procedures. The choice of anesthesia is a key factor for the surgical outcome and postoperative recovery. This study was conducted to assess the effects of different anesthetic modalities based on dexmedetomidine in outpatient hysteroscopic surgery anesthesia. Methods. We did a systematic review and network meta-analysis of outpatient hysteroscopic surgery anesthesia. We searched Pubmed, Embase, and Cochrane-Library from database inception to December 31, 2021. Duplicate literature was excluded and screened separately for initial screening at three tiers: article title, abstract, and full text before deciding whether to include in this study against the above criteria. Results after analysis of categorical variables were expressed as ORR Ratio (95% CI) and continuous variables were expressed as Mean Difference (95% CI). Data collation and analyses were performed using the gemtc package in the R language. Results. Four trials were finally included with data for 301 participants, three anesthetic drugs, and five anesthetic modalities. A fixed-effects model was used for the different anesthesia modalities without significant heterogeneity (all I2<20%) in the analysis of adverse events (AEs), the incidence of respiratory depression, operative time, and time in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). Remimazolam tosylate was associated with a lower incidence of AEs versus dexmedetomidine, and significant differences between dexmedetomidine and propofol were absent. Propofol and various doses of remimazolam tosylate resulted in a lower incidence of respiratory depression versus dexmedetomidine, with an absence of differences between propofol and dexmedetomidine. The operative time for different anesthetic modalities was, in descending order, dexmedetomidine < remimazolam tosylate (0.60 mg/kg/h <0.48 mg/kg/h) < propofol < remimazolam tosylate (1.00 mg/kg/h), despite the absence of intergroup differences. Propofol was associated with a longer time in PACU versus dexmedetomidine and remimazolam tosylate (1.00 mg/kg/h); those of dexmedetomidine and remimazolam tosylate (1.00 mg/kg/h) were similar. The time in PACU for different anesthetic modalities, in descending order, was dexmedetomidine < remimazolam tosylate (1.00 mg/kg/h) < propofol. Propofol was associated with a longer time in PACU versus dexmedetomidine and remimazolam tosylate. Conclusion. In outpatient hysteroscopic surgery anesthesia, dexmedetomidine was associated with a higher incidence of AEs and respiratory depression and a shorter operative time and time in PACU versus remimazolam tosylate and propofol. Remimazolam tosylate showed safety benefits with a similar duration of PACU stay versus dexmedetomidine. Therefore, the choice of anesthetic drugs in outpatient surgery requires consideration of the patient’s conditions and preferences.
Analysis of Anti-Infective Treatment of 9 Neonates with Raoultella ornithinolytica Sepsis
Authors: Li Jing , Zhuang Yan , Xiao Dingliang , Zhang Haixia , Luo Fangmei , He Jinhua
Published: September 2022

Raoul ornithine-releasing bacteria widely exist in water, plants, and soil, and colonize the digestive tract and upper respiratory tract of the human body. They are aerobic, unpowered, and capsular opportunistic pathogens. The infectivity of this bacterium is still uncertain, but the possibility of nosocomial infection has been mentioned in the literature. Studies have pointed out that the bacterium should be diagnosed in time and sensitive antibiotics should be used early. Once complicated with sepsis, it can cause multiple organ failure with a poor prognosis. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of nine cases of neonatal L. ornithine septicemia, to explore the clinical characteristics of neonatal L. ornithine septicemia and anti-infection therapy.
[Retracted] An ML‐Enabled Internet of Things Framework for Early Detection of Heart Disease
Authors: Muhammad Yar , Almoteri Moteeb , Mujlid Hana , Alharbi Abdulrhman , Alqurashi Fahad , Dutta Ashit Kumar , Almotairi Sultan , Almohamedh Hamad
Published: September 2022

Healthcare occupies a central role in sustainable societies and has an undeniable impact on the well‐being of individuals. However, over the years, various diseases have adversely affected the growth and sustainability of these societies. Among them, heart disease is escalating rapidly in both economically settled and undeveloped nations and leads to fatalities around the globe. To reduce the death ratio caused by this disease, there is a need for a framework to continuously monitor a patient’s heart status, essentially doing early detection and prediction of heart disease. This paper proposes a scalable Machine Learning (ML) and Internet of Things‐(IoT‐) based three‐layer architecture to store and process a large amount of clinical data continuously, which is needed for the early detection and monitoring of heart disease. Layer 1 of the proposed framework is used to collect data from IoT wearable/implanted smart sensor nodes, which includes various physiological measures that have significant impact on the deterioration of heart status. Layer 2 stores and processes the patient data on a local web server using various ML classification algorithms. Finally, Layer 3 is used to store the critical data of patients on the cloud. The doctor and other caregivers can access the patient health conditions via an android application, provide services to the patient, and inhibit him/her from further damage. Various performance evaluation measures such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1‐measure, MCC‐score, and ROC curve are used to check the efficiency of our proposed IoT‐based heart disease prediction framework. It is anticipated that this system will assist the healthcare sector and the doctors in diagnosing heart patients in the initial phases.
Weak PassPoint Passwords Detected by the Perimeter of Delaunay Triangles
Authors: Suárez-Plasencia Lisset , Legón-Pérez Carlos Miguel , Herrera-Macías Joaquín Alberto , Socorro-Llanes Raisa , Rojas Omar , Sosa-Gómez Guillermo
Published: September 2022

PassPoint is a graphical authentication technique that is based on the selection of five points in an image. A detected vulnerability lies in the possible existence of a pattern in the points that make up the password. The objective of this work is to detect nonrandom graphical passwords in the PassPoint scenario. A spatial randomness test based on the average of Delaunay triangles’ perimeter is proposed, given the ineffectiveness of the classic tests in this scenario, which only consists of five points. A state-of-the-art of various applications of Voronoi polygons and Delaunay triangulations are presented to detect clustered and regular patterns. The distributions of the averages of the triangles’ perimeters in the PassPoint scenario for various sizes of images are disclosed, which were unknown. The test’s decision criterion was constructed from one of the best distributions to which the data were adjusted. Type I and type II errors were estimated, and it was concluded that the proposed test could detect clustered and regular graphical passwords in PassPoint, therefore being more effective in detecting clustering than regularity.
[Retracted] Analysis on the Evolution Mechanism of Intellectual Property Operation Platform toward Value Proposition under the Digital Technology‐Driven Environment
Authors: Huang Xiaojing , Ma Lei , Li Rao
Published: September 2022

Research Purpose. In order to study the evolution mechanism of intellectual property operation platform, value analysis in the modern digital technology‐driven environment, and how to better develop the operation of intellectual property platform in the current digital technology environment; Research Methods. This paper analyzes the relationship between the development of digital economy and intellectual property operation platform, analyzes, and compares the different stages of intellectual property platform operation in the digital technology‐driven environment, and compares the coupling degree of platform operation services in different environments. Research Results. From the research and analysis results, it can be seen that the operation of intellectual property rights under digital technology is of positive significance in the development of social‐ecological environment, combined with the development of the industrial ecosystem, and plays a positive role in transforming intellectual property rights into market value, promoting the development of small and medium‐sized enterprises and economic construction. It is of great significance to create a perfect chain of intellectual property protection and legal protection of property rights, copyrights, and transfer rights. Research Conclusion. It provides new ideas and research value for the future operation mode of intellectual property platform, provides a better guarantee platform and legal environment for China to improve the level of digital economy, creates a suitable ecological environment, and stimulates people’s thinking potential.
Evaluation of Perioperative Nursing for Patients with Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Diseases Combined with Diabetes Mellitus Based on Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Mengmeng , Yang Meng
Published: September 2022

Objective. To analyze the perioperative nursing methods for patients with hepatobiliary pancreatic diseases combined with diabetes mellitus and to evaluate the differences in nursing methods based on a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network. Methods. 80 patients with hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases complicated with diabetes admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected as subjects. According to different nursing methods, two groups of hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases with diabetes were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group, 40 patients in each group, two groups were given routine nursing care, and the experimental group was given perioperative nursing intervention on the basis of routine nursing. The fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial two-hour blood glucose (2hPG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) index of two groups of patients with hepatobiliary pancreatic diseases and diabetes mellitus were observed and compared. The incidence of postoperative complications, the average hospitalization time of patients, and the clinical nursing satisfaction rate of patients were observed and compared. Results. The blood glucose level including FBG, 2hPG, and HbA1c in the experimental group were better than those in the control group, and the data comparison difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.01

). The incidence of postoperative complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group, and the data comparison difference was statistically significant (

P
<
0.05

). The discharge time of patients in the experimental group was significantly shorter than that in the control group, and the satisfaction rate was significantly higher than that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The comprehensive analysis based on MLP neural network model confirmed that perioperative surgical nursing can improve the treatment effect of patients. Conclusion. In the perioperative period of patients with hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases combined with diabetes, the implementation of comprehensive and comprehensive nursing intervention will help to improve the effect of surgical treatment and postoperative recovery.