bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Survey made in the inner area of Mezőhegyes on choosing the energy raing of the electirical household appliances consciously
Authors: Zsótér Brigitta , Domonics Nándor
Published: May 2018

In this present study we are publishing a part of the results of a survey made in the spring of 2015 which we accomplished among the population living in the inner area of a small town called Mezőhegyes. It was a questionnaire survey connected to a field trip. We chose systematic sampling in making our questionnaire. The objects of the examinations were whether the people living there are conscious in choosing the energy rating of their electrical household appliances and how their energy consumption changed in the last 10 years. What is the most important point when purchasing a new electrical item: the price, the energy rating, the brand, the design or the others’ opinion? Which are the most common household appliances? Do they use alternative energy resources?
Comparison of static force exerted by fluidic muscle and shadow air muscle
Authors: Sárosi József , György László
Published: May 2018

Many researchers have investigated different properties and behaviour of pneumatic muscles actuators (PMAs). Most of them have dealt with the force-contraction (force-relative displacement) characteristics or control of PMAs. In this paper two different type PMAs are compared: Fluidic Muscle made by Festo Company and Shadow Air Muscle made by Shadow Robot Company. The most relevant difference between them can be noticed in their structure. The Fluidic Muscle is an embedded muscle which means the load carrying element is embedded in its membrane, while Shadow Air Muscle is a netted muscle, but in its non-loaded condition there is a gap between the membrane and the load carrying element. Among other things, force developed by pneumatic muscle actuators depends on applied pressure, contraction, geometry and the used materials. As it is described in this paper, they show significantly different force-contraction characteristics despite having similar dimensional properties. These characteristics are determined by experimental measurement.
Solar Air Heating Collectors in two Modular Solar Panels built into a "Do-It-Yourself" type project
Authors: Cornea Dragos , Bulei Ciprian , Todor Mihai , Kiss Imre
Published: May 2018

These days, people have been talking a lot about renewable energy. The world is growing too dependent on non-renewable energy, such as fossil fuel, natural gas, oil and coal. There needs to be another idea to be green and environmentally friendly. And with the use of renewable energy source, the world can be a better place. These renewable energy sources can be used for hundreds of years without hurting the environment. There has been much research going on in science labs and farms across the country, so these sources are always evolving into better and better things. The sources are almost limitless, but there are some common ones. The most widely used heating installations in current technologies are based on burning fossil fuel but we should take in consideration that health policies nowadays are directed towards lowering the use of this kind of fuel. This paper presents the processes of designing and development of a heating system that uses entirely solar energy. The heating system consists of two parts. The first part consists of a photovoltaic solar panel made from 36 photovoltaic cells capable of developing 65 W and 3.6 A. The second part is made of recycled materials (aluminum cans), forming radiant tubes.
The effect of the implementation of ultrasound in enzyme separation
Authors: Keçeci Kübra , Lemmer Balázs , Kertész Szabolcs , Keszthelyi-Szabó Gábor , László Zsuzsanna , Hodúr Cecilia
Published: May 2018

Enzymes are biological catalysts that generally are designed to do one job well, but to do one job only. Therefore, the enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of cellulose to sugar do not break down the sugars. Enzymatic hydrolysis processes have been under development for only 10 years. The important research issues include understanding the processes necessary to render the crystalline cellulose easily digestible, understanding and improving the basic mechanisms in the hydrolysis step, and developing better and less expensive enzymes. The other way to make a process less expensive may be the recycling of enzymes. The essential unit operation in the bioethanol production is the cellulose enzymatic degradation, so the question of recycling is very important. In our work the sonication assisted ultrafiltration was investigated as a potential method for enzyme recycling. The results showed the ultrasound effects the permeate flux since the resistance is reduced by the sonication. The sonicated enzyme keeps its activity so the recycling mechanism might be used for bioethanol production.
Kurgans
Authors: Barczi Attila , Nagy Valéria
Published: May 2018

The burial mounds, living mounds, guarding and border mounds (group name is “kurgan”) have been under environmental protection in Hungary since 1996. Besides the fact that they are important elements from archeological point of view, in many cases they reserve valuable remaining parts of onetime steppes, and studying of their buried soils can provide new data to learn more about the ancient environment, flora and the soil-formation processes took place long ago. In this way it can be obtained information about the Holocene climate changes. Our research team had seized the opportunity to examine several kurgans located in the Great Hungarian Plain. Two of them – the Csípő- and Lyukas-mound – has been examined in precise details through the involvement of experts of various disciplines. Due to this cooperation we could extend our researches and knowledge on the biogenic genesis of paleosoils and paleoecology concerning our kurgan studies. Therefore we utilized biomorphic analysis besides pedological investigations. Though the differences in sampling methods were significant, but the existence of a buried, ancient, undisturbed soil profile can be stated. According to morphological description of soil that was done after the kurgan’s excavation and drillings, we conclude that both the modern and paleosoils of the kurgans belong to Chernozem type soils, formed under predominantly arid steppe vegetation. Due to this fact we assume that the ancient environment of both kurgans was similar in many points with the modern landscape. Hence instead of closed forest vegetation rather loess-steppe or semi-shaded steppe can be reconstructed as the former environment of the mounds, which was mosaicly surrounded by water and salt affected areas. These results demonstrate that in the Carpathian Basin the Holocene climate changes are characterized by rather evenness, and but not the previously assumed character changes.
Food Consumption of Elderly People from Sustainable Point of View
Authors: Simonyi Péter
Published: May 2018

Ageing and sustainability are key problems of modern societies. Firstly increasing proportion of elderly people in population is becoming more important both for society and economy. Economy takes into account needs of old people as of consumers remarkable. Secondly sustainable development (SD) seems to be solution to many of global problems. However SD is contested but implementation is indispensable. Role of elderly is not negligible in it. Thirdly food consumption, as one of three essential needs, has exceptional importance in our days not only in the history. The question is how to connect sustainability, food consumption and healthy nutrition. In this case sustainability means to define criteria of foods which are better in terms of sustainability. The data is necessary for the amount of food consumed by older people. Data in territorial level cause a few problems to solve. Healthy nutrition is well known and it is compared to criteria of sustainability. Although all aspects cannot be outlined in this paper but new ideas, approaches are hopefully given.
Use ofJuvenile Grape Berry as Antioxidant Rich Food Ingredient
Authors: Sipos Péter , Nyárádi R.
Published: May 2018

Both grape and wine production have several useful by-products what have been discovered more and more due their important positive health effects in the last decades. The grape seed is one of them because its high antioxidant power. On the other hand, the marc is also more and more widely evaluated because of its high amount and useful chemical components. However, the grape berries what arise during cluster or grape thinning are rarely evaluated. Their positive properties and high antioxidant activity has been well known for a long time but their utilization is very rare. It is known as verjus, that is known from its sour taste as souring agent, but in Hungary it is not known. In our research we have evaluated six grape varieties in the Tokaj region during grape maturing in three stages of veraison. Clusters were collected and berries were removed from the pedicles manually and the chemical composition of whole berries, separated seeds and peel and flesh were analysed. Furthermore, dried berry parts were grinded and added to wheat flour and biscuits made from them were also analysed both chemically and sensory. We found that their use can result antioxidant rich and tasty bakery products.
Logistic Questions and Solutions at a Special Slaughter Company, Beck-Hús LTD.
Authors: Lendvai Edina
Published: May 2018

In our work, we analysed the most logistic problem of the meat production and distribution. To reach our aims, we made an interview with the manager of a meat small enterprise. There are 2 main activities, the cutting is in Csávoly (little village, near the Baja), and the producing is in Baja. We asked the manager about these main activities, their capacity, the most important products. We have got a lot of information about their partners, the terms of payments, and the main problems. We tried to make a proposal and give some advice to develop the factory.
INFLUENCIA DA CONCENTRAÇÃO DE POLPA DE GOIABA NA ACEITAÇÃO DE FERMENTADO DE KEFIR
Authors: Araújo Nkarthe Guerra , Da Silva José Barros , Barbosa Idiana Macêdo , Macêdo Cláudia Souza
Published: May 2018

Este trabalho teve por objetivo desenvolver e avaliar a aceitação e intenção de compra de fermentado de kefir saborizado com diferentes concentrações de polpa de goiaba pasteurizada. Para sua elaboração, o leite in natura foi adicionado de 2% de leite em pó e em seguida, submetido ao tratamento térmico a 90 ºC/3 min e resfriado a 25 ºC, etapa esta em que foi inoculado 3% dos grãos de kefir. A fermentação ocorreu à temperatura ambiente a 25 ± 2 ºC/24h. Após recuperação dos grãos, o kefir foi armazenado a 5 ºC/24h e em seguida foram estabelecidas quatro formulações distintas: K0: kefir natural com 12% de sacarose sem adição de polpa de goiaba, K1, K2 e K3: kefir saborizado com 8%, 10% e 12% de polpa de goiaba + 12% de sacarose, respectivamente. As formulações desenvolvidas apresentaram valores de pH variando de 3,5 a 3,7 e acidez titulável com variações de 1,2 a 1,5% de ácido lático. Verificou-se que houve diferença significativa (p < 0,05) para os atributos cor, aroma, sabor e aceitação global das amostras K0, K1 e K2 em relação a K3, bem como, da intenção de compra. Entretanto, o atributo consistência não foi significativamente afetado. A formulação K3, com 12% de polpa de goiaba apresentou melhores médias para todos os atributos analisados (cor: 8,5, sabor: 7,7, aroma: 7,4 e aceitação global: 7,7) e melhor intenção quanto à compra (4,3), portanto, nas condições propostas é a concentração mais indicada para sua saborização.
EFEITO DO TRATAMENTO TÉRMICO SOBRE FÓRMULAS INFANTIS: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Fracisquini Julia D’Almeida , Nunes Lauane , Martins Evandro , Stephani Rodrigo , Perrone Ítalo Tuler , Carvalho Antônio Fernandes de
Published: May 2018

O primeiro alimento do lactente corresponde ao leite materno o qual deve, dentre outras funções, suprir as necessidades nutricionais da criança e gerar proteção imunológica. Em certos casos, mães podem ser ver impossibilitadas de realizar o aleitamento materno, necessitando de substitutos. Hoje o substituto que melhor mimetiza o leite humano corresponde às formulas infantis. Para elaboração deste alimento são necessários sucessivos tratamentos térmicos os quais podem ocasionar para o produto problemas tanto do ponto de vista tecnológico e sensorial quanto do plano nutricional o que pode acarretar em prejuízos para a saúde da criança. Portanto, as indústrias alimentícias precisam gradativamente aprimorar as técnicas de elaboração das fórmulas infantis com a finalidade de se igualar cada dia mais ao leite materno diminuindo assim as suas consequências negativas para a saúde da criança
A Bright New Future, With Monsters
Authors: Hantke Steffen
Published: May 2018

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the book's key themes. This book focuses on American science fiction films of the 1950s, many of which are fondly remembered, yet critically dismissed. It argues that it is through the intersection of past and present, of unresolved trauma superimposed upon present anxieties, that 1950s science fiction films acquire topical relevance within their historical context. Science fiction films from the 1950s are a belated response to the national trauma of World War II and the Korean War projected onto the unsettling experience of the Cold War. With much of the critical work on the Cold War aspects of the films already delivered by other scholars, this book will weigh in on the side of the argument that has, as yet, remained critically neglected—the side of past trauma: on World War II and the Korean War, and their troubling legacy in the first decade of the American Century.
Veterans
Authors: Hantke Steffen
Published: May 2018

This chapter focuses on the traumatized war veteran and the repressed memory of World War II. The key text is Gene Fowler Jr.'s I Married a Monster from Outer Space (1958), which imagines the monstrous invader as an alien creature masquerading in human form. Underneath the perfect human surface is the grotesquely malformed alien creature—a potent visual metaphor that captures the complexity of the veteran's traumatization, especially when the injury is both psychological and physical in nature. The alien impostors in the other two films discussed in the chapter—William Cameron Menzies's Invadersfrom Mars (1953) and Don Siegel's Invasion of the Body Snatchers (1956)—address the larger impact of the male veteran's presence in the peaceful postwar community. The chapter tracks the disturbance caused by the veteran as it spreads from romantic couples to families and to entire towns and the nation at large.
Decolonization
Authors: Hantke Steffen
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines the issue of Cold War decolonization in films that chose the global sphere as their setting. Films like Richard Fleischer's 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea (1954), Irwin Allen's The Lost World (1960), and Ib Melchior's The Time Travelers (1964) testify to the science fiction film's interest in placing American travelers in postcolonial locations. Starting in the late 1950s and gaining momentum in the early 1960s, this trend was infused with new eagerness by the Kennedy administration's foreign initiatives (from the space program to the Peace Corps). Superficially, these films demonstrate that US intervention in the Third World is called for and legitimate whenever Soviet influence appears as a rival or counterforce to American attempts to gain allies or secure markets. However, upon closer inspection, some of these films also make room for an alternative reading of Cold War history. They acknowledge that the US must sometimes confront a danger more insidious than Soviet communism—political non-alignment driven by “economic nationalism.”
The Long Shadow of the Fifties
Authors: Hantke Steffen
Published: May 2018

This chapter returns to Eisenhower's term “military-industrial complex” and outlines the concept's extended afterlife, especially in regard to the so-called “war on terror” after September 11, 2001. It suggests that then post-9/11 America under Bush might have seen a return of Eisenhower's (in)famous term. America may have stopped talking about the military–industrial complex for a while, but that did not mean that the military–industrial complex had, quietly, gone away. The return of the term marked a new awareness of political and economic conditions for which it had always been the most apt description. The chapter concludes with a final consideration of what 1950s science fiction films can tell us about the US in the present day—their impact on later films and their continued relevance to the culture.
Introduction
Authors: Kelley N. Megan
Published: May 2018

This book examines the contradictions and anxieties of passing in Hollywood films during the postwar era. It shows how the postwar anxiety about passing extended to virtually every facet of identity, whether it was women passing as men, blacks passing as whites, gays passing as straight, Jews passing as gentiles, communists passing as good Americans, or even aliens passing as humans (and vice versa). By analyzing films in the postwar years, the book shows why anxieties about passing resonated on so many levels in the long 1950s. It looks at representations of racial/ethnic passing in movies produced in the late 1940s and how the specter of passing was utilized in films produced in the context of the Cold War. Finally, it discusses the crisis of masculinity as represented in Hollywood and on film as well as issues of femininity and feminine performance with respect to anxieties about authenticity and passing.
Passing as Identity Crisis
Authors: Kelley N. Megan
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines how passing in Hollywood films that were produced in the late 1950s changed from being represented as an accepted external social strategy to one that reflected a psychologically motivated identity crisis. This is evident in films like Island in the Sun and Imitation of Life, which were portrayed as a pathological psychological failure to accept an imagined authentic identity. The chapter attributes this shift to a change in attitudes toward passing as the civil rights movement, the rise of black stars including Harry Belafonte and Dorothy Dandridge, post-passing narratives, and the psychoanalytic turn in Hollywood redefined how Americans understood race. It suggests that passing evolved into a sign of a deeper internal psychological disability and became marginalized and relegated to unsympathetic and/or supporting characters. It also considers how anxiety about racial ambiguity was framed as a crisis about sexual deviance and masculinity.
Introduction
Authors: McCort Jessica R.
Published: May 2018

The introduction begins the book’s discussion of why some children and young adults are drawn to horror. It attempts to define the term “horror,” especially in relation to children’s literature and culture, and seeks to consider the ways in which frightening elements emerge in children’s literature and culture. It also provides an overview of the essays included in the volume and how they are in conversation with one another.
“A Wonderful Horrid Thing”
Authors: Hoffman A. Robin
Published: May 2018

A. Robin Hoffman considers the sinister books designed by Edward Gorey (many of which she claims were intended for a young audience) in relation to influences such as Hoffman’s Struwwelpeter and Dickens’s The Old Curiosity Shop andBleak House. Hoffman argues that Gorey, by appropriating and reconceptualizing these texts’ modes of representation, manages to provide an “anaesthetizing historical distance” between his modern readers and the representations of childhood death popular among Victorian audiences. Through a careful examination of his books’ production methods, concentrating on their calculated appeal toward younger audiences, as well as his insistence on presenting childhood death as a subject of dark comedy, Hoffman asserts that what Gorey produces is at once an homage to Dickens’s work and a perversion of Dickens’s sentimentalized stories, mainly because of Gorey’s more unequivocal representations of violence and his eradication of Christian symbolism that offered the promise of moral redemption in favor of a critique of mid-twentieth-century American representations of childhood. In the end, Hoffman recognizes Gorey’s disruptive potential as he offers up, for both child and adult readers, a novel representation of childhood death, one that disempowers the mythologizing of textual children’s demises as a means of conveying a particular social, philosophical, or political agenda. She also suggests that Gorey’s portrayals of childhood death in his books serve as both a precursor to and an influence on the modern turn toward the comic gothic in many children’s and young adult horror texts. In doing so, she provides us with a useful model for thinking about the methods of portraying and thinking about death and violence against children within the space of horror novels, films, or television shows targeted toward young audiences.
Get It Together
Authors: Levey Nick , Harper Holly
Published: May 2018

This essay begins fittingly with the line “If there’s one thing you can depend upon during the zombie apocalypse, it’s that you won’t have to face it alone.” In this essay, Levey and Harper examine the importance of group dynamics in contemporary teen novels that concentrate on surviving zombie invasions. Focusing on two recently published horror novels popular among teens, Charlie Higson’s The Enemy and Michael Grant’s Gone, Levey and Harper examine the “considerations of group consciousness and democratic dynamics” in the texts, noting that such attention to the group is a departure from previous teen novels that had focused more on negotiations of individual identity (this also marks a difference from the novels McCort examines, suggesting the different approach toward identity taken by those writing for older adolescents). For Levey and Harper, the importance of these particular novels and their treatment of the individual in relation to the group is twofold: they ask the characters therein to work through personal issues that are detrimental to the survival of the group and they call for social re-evaluation. In the worlds of The Enemy and Gone, young adult readers experience a close encounter with monstrous humanity, one that allows them to vicariously experience how others deal with threats external to their circles, as well as the threats that lie within themselves and their own peer groups.
The New Territory
Authors: Conner Marc C. , Morel Lucas E.
Published: May 2018

This introduction situates Ellison’s writings in the context of new approaches and abiding interest in his work; explores the affinity between Ralph Ellison’s fiction and commentary and Barack Obama’s political and literary sensibilities; and gives brief summaries of the fourteen original essays that examine the unpublished novel-in-progress, Three Days Before the Shooting . . . , Ellison’s landmark novel Invisible Man, and Ellison’s political, cultural, and historical significance for the 21st century.
The Noisy Lostness
Authors: Beavers Herman
Published: May 2018

Herman Beavers’s “The Noisy Lostness: Oppositionality and Acousmatic Subjectivity in Invisible Man” explores Ellison’s complex analyses of jazz and bebop music, situating Ellison’s views in the larger context of modernism. Drawing upon the nascent discipline of Sound Studies, Beavers emphasizes the quality of “oppositionality” in such jazz greats as Louis Armstrong to interpret Invisible Man as an instance of oppositional, as opposed to revolutionary, narrative. Beavers views the novel as a study of the disruption of the feedback loop between listening and speaking, in which Ellison uses noise as a disruptive, “acousmatic” presentation of the black body. By showing how the narrator shifts from the prison of sight to the freedom of sound, and thus from regulation to improvisation, Beavers argues that the narrator finally moves from a misguided trust in false systems of protection to a tactical realization of the security of chaos.
Ralph Ellison in His Labyrinth
Authors: Sundquist Eric J.
Published: May 2018

Eric Sundquist’s “Ellison in His Labyrinth” focuses on the elusive figure of Bliss and his descent from Bliss Proteus Rinehart in Invisible Man through his many incarnations in Three Days. He views Bliss as a version of R.W.B. Lewis’s American Adam. Yet, unlike the Proteus of Homer’s Odyssey, who served as Ellison’s prototype of the American novelist, Bliss cannot be grappled into submission. Surveying the signifying characters and verbal artists in Three Days, Sundquist argues for the Janus nature of Bliss/Sunraider—making him representative of the nation itself and placing the figure in the genealogy of signifying tricksters at the crossroads of time, from Oedipus to Louis Armstrong and ultimately Ellison himself. Reading the second novel through the lenses of Ellison’s essays, Sundquist examines Ellison’s use of the Icarus myth in Three Days, concluding that the trickster figures are all avatars of Sunraider himself, constituting a mystery of identity and history.
Ralph Ellison’s Three Days
Authors: Parrish Timothy
Published: May 2018

Timothy Parrish’s “Ralph Ellison’s Three Days: The Aesthetics of Political Change” argues that in Three Days, Ellison transcends the novel form, becoming an epic poet through prose that resembled fiction, history, and myth simultaneously, creating what he calls Ellison’s Book of America. As a true modernist novelist, kin to Louis Armstrong and James Joyce, Ellison understood that the modern novel is never truly finished; like Robert Musil’s A Man Without Qualities, whose aesthetic premise depended on its not being finished, Three Days both rejects and creates history. Parrish terms Ellison “the great modernist redactor of African American experience.” In ways that Ellison could not recognize, he did not finish the second novel because it could not be finished. Like the Civil Rights movement from which it emerged, Three Days is an incomplete project, unable to end “until the story of America and its struggle to realize its Edenic promises ends too.”
Invisible Man’s Grandfather and the American Dream
Authors: Ealy Steven D.
Published: May 2018

Steven D. Ealy’s “Invisible Man’s Grandfather and the American Dream” examines the grandfather in Invisible Man, an enigmatic figure from whom the narrator learns despite his doubts about the wisdom of a former slave. Highlighting Invisible Man’s identification with a hibernating bear, Ealy examines what the narrator, or “Jack-the-Bear,” discovers about his grandfather’s deathbed advice. The grandfather offers Frederick Douglass and Booker T. Washington as key figures for the narrator’s instruction. The chief insight gained from his grandfather is what he calls “the principle on which the country was built.” By leaving this principle undefined, the narrator invites the reader to wrestle with the meaning of human equality in a world whose practice falls short of this ideal. Ealy spells out one implication by connecting “the principle” with the South African concept of ubuntu, where love becomes the means by which each person’s humanity is acknowledged in the public sphere.
“How Many Lightbulbs Does It Take to Screw in a Blues Singer?”
Authors: Tracy Steven C.
Published: May 2018

In “‘How many light bulbs does it take to screw in a blues singer?’: The French Revolution, King Louis Armstrong, and the Futuristic Jungleism of Jazz,” Steven C. Tracy argues that Invisible Man reveals a futuristic mode beneath seemingly primitive elements. The “jungleism” of the novel, whether represented by the narrator’s basement apartment or jazz music, operates ironically to show how black Americans exercised agency and worked towards liberation despite their oppressive environment. Through the artistry of Louis Armstrong, Tracy examines his adaptation of the Andy Razaf song “(What Did I Do To Be So) Black and Blue?” to show the genius of blackness and blues-ness. Armstrong uses a lyrical black lament over life in a white-supremacist society to show off the heights of musical artistry. Ultimately, Tracy explores how Ellison presents purity as “illusory and oppressive” and counters with its opposite—hybridity and heterogeneity, emblematic of the post-modern world.
Woman Is Boss: Music and Gender in Trinidad’s Cultural History
Authors: Munro Hope
Published: May 2018

This chapter situates Afro-Trinidadian women within the complex ethno-history of the nation and highlights their roles as cultural agents over time. In the Caribbean, the music world and public culture in general has been male-dominated, and for the most part this continues to be the case. In the music scene of Trinidad and Tobago, however, there has been remarkable progress in achieving gender equality within certain expressive realms. Over the course of the cultural history of Trinidad and Tobago, musical practices that were based in communal spaces such as the gayelle and drum dances changed with the emergence of the professional calypsonians and became essentially male-dominated art forms. This chapter examines the ways in which gender and music intersected in Trinidad's cultural history, showing in particular how the prosperity, optimism, and relative liberalism of the 1960s and 1970s set up the conditions for women to (re)emerge in the country's expressive culture.
From Calypso Queen to Calypso Monarch
Authors: Munro Hope
Published: May 2018

This chapter focuses on the careers and performance strategies of the three most successful female calypsonians in contemporary Trinidad: Calypso Rose, Singing Sandra, and Denyse Plummer. Each woman has had to overcome the sexism inherent in the Caribbean music scene, as well as the critiques of the media and audiences, in their pursuit of a musical career. They have come to serve as role models for their contemporaries and as cultural ambassadors for the women of Trinidad and Tobago. The chapter examines the career trajectories of Calypso Rose, Singing Sandra, and Denyse Plummer as well as their participation in musical competitions in Trinidad and Tobago, particularly the Calypso Monarch and the Calypso Queen competitions. It also considers the various competitions for calypsonians of all ages in contemporary Trinidad, designed to find the next generation of calypsonians.
Conclusions
Authors: Munro Hope
Published: May 2018

This conclusion summarizes the book's main findings, especially the important role that women have played in the maintenance, transmission, and innovation of musical practices in Trinidad and Tobago. Changing attitudes regarding Trinidad's indigenous expressive forms—calypso, the steelband, the Carnival arts, Caribbean literature and fine art—came hand in hand with other freedoms. Shifting attitudes and norms regarding gender roles in Trinidad facilitated gender diversity in various performance contexts, as well as professional advancement for women in both artistic and social realms. The quality of life of women and their ability to earn a living has improved considerably from the independence period to the present, but various problems continue to linger, such as domestic violence, rape, human trafficking, and the exploitation of female workers. This conclusion discusses the ways in which expressive culture has helped in improving social conditions for women in Trinidad and Tobago.
Private Matters and Public Health: Campbell Takes On Mental Illness at Home and in the Community
Authors: Harwell Osizwe Raena Jamila
Published: May 2018

Chapter two provides an in-depth discussion of Bebe Moore Campbell’s activism as a mental health advocate from 1999-2006 based on interviews with colleagues, family, and friends. It narrates her personal struggle with a daughter who is bipolar and the proactive stance that she took to cope with this difficulty. The chapter reveals how her involvement in the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), her role as a national spokesperson, and her local activism sparked the birth of the NAMI-Urban LA chapter, serving black and Latino communities. Campbell and a group of black women concerned about their children with mental illness effectively addressed the practical needs of families of color by challenging stigma, lobbying for social policies, and providing information, support, and resources both locally and on a national stage. Considering gendered racial communities as the resource and landscape for much of Campbell’s work, it appears that she maintained a broad friendship circle beyond the Black Action Society and NAMI- Urban LA. Exploring this primarily female “embedded friendship network” further evidences Campbell’s commitment to community and family and broadens context of her activism, writing, and life trajectory.
Medievalist Comics and the American Century
Authors: Bishop Chris
Published: May 2018

A general overview of the monograph that unpacks some of the technical apparatus, contextualises the argument, and gives a chapter-by-chapter run through.
Prince Valiant (1937)
Authors: Bishop Chris
Published: May 2018

As a body of work, Foster’s Prince Valiant celebrates the paradoxical. Essentially modernist in its oeuvre, the strip is set in the ‘days of King Arthur.’ Ostensibly American in its outlook, the setting is mostly European. Undeniably democratic in its politics, the principal character is, after all, a prince. That the strip should prove so successful for so long attests to the power of its wistful and melancholic nostalgia. It is this nostalgia that has fuelled an American obsession with medievalism and a continuing engagement with the promise of Camelot, a promise that interpreted the poetry of Tennyson through the art of Howard Pyle, refashioned that interpretation into comics and movies and musicals, and finally divested itself into the brief tenure of an assassinated president.
The Mighty Thor (1962)
Authors: Bishop Chris
Published: May 2018

In exactly the same way that Prince Valiant permits an analysis of American Arthurianism and Green Arrow illuminates the American engagement with Robin Hood, so too an analysis of The Mighty Thor will allow us to shift our focus to the German and Scandinavian immigrants of the American Mid-West and the transmission of their folk heritage through the scholarship of men like Rasmus Rask and Jacob Grimm and through the questionable partisanship of men like Richard Wagner.
Conan the Barbarian (1970)
Authors: Bishop Chris
Published: May 2018

With the chapter on Conan the Barbarian, the focus of this study shifts away from the inter-translation of this earlier medievalism towards the establishment of the mythopoeic visions that dominate medievalist discourse today. Robert E. Howard’s pulp-fiction heroes were born out of his experiences in the flint-hard mining towns of Depression-era Texas and out of his desire, perhaps, to escape them. This chapter will contextualize that work within a greater analysis of fantasy literature, focusing in particular on the inter-relationship of Howard’s creations with those of J. R. R. Tolkien, and with the genesis of new and immersive fan experiences that included comic conventions, costume-play and fantasy role-playing games.
Beowulf: Dragon Slayer (1975)
Authors: Bishop Chris
Published: May 2018

Failure can be just as illuminating as success, and so this looks at the alarmingly short-lived Beowulf: Dragon Slayer. By the mid-1970s, when the Anglo-Saxon hero appeared in his own title series, Beowulf, the Anglo-Saxon poem, was yet to transition from an academic to a popular milieu, and a continuous and steadfastly nationalist interpretation made it very difficult for the poem’s eponymous hero to get the sort of traction enjoyed by folk heroes such as Robin Hood or Thor. Subsequently, Beowulf: Dragon Slayer, despite the innate worthiness of its subject and despite the efforts of DC heavyweights like Michael Uslan, was doomed before issue one hit the newsstands.
The Stories Upon Which We Agree
Authors: Bishop Chris
Published: May 2018

This chapter consists of an extended meditation upon the nature and historical expression of medievalism and the historiographical links between medievalism and feudalism, a term more commonly encountered in European, especially French, commentary.
“Tiny Flashes of Light”
Authors: Cremins Brian
Published: May 2018

The relationship between comic books, comics scholarship, and nostalgia is complex. This chapter explores the history of Captain Marvel, the popular comic book hero created by Bill Parker and C. C. Beck for Fawcett Publications in 1939. In addition to sections about the National Comics Publications, Inc. v. Fawcett Publications, Inc. copyright infringement case, the chapter also examines Captain Marvel’s place in early fanzines and comics scholarship published in the 1960s and early 1970s in the U. S. As an overview of the book, the introduction sets out to understand why the character was so tremendously popular in the 1940s only to disappear from popular discourse after the conclusion of the lawsuit in 1953.
“Brother, that Ain’t Imaginary!”
Authors: Cremins Brian
Published: May 2018

Billy Batson and his alter ego Captain Marvel reached the height of their popularity during World War II. This chapter studies several of Billy’s wartime adventures, stories that artist C. C Beck often dismissed later in his career. In these narratives, Captain Marvel embodies aspects of the ideal American soldier figured as an innocent boy whose courage all but guarantees a victory over the Axis powers. The chapter also examines the social and cultural consequences of this idealized figure, especially on returning soldiers and their families.
Examination of primary education teachers’ opinions on child abuse in life science course objectives
Hayat bilgisi dersi kazanımlarında çocuk istismarına ilişkin sınıf öğretmenlerinin görüşlerinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Aslan Altan Bilge
Published: May 2018

This study concerns the importance of preventive implementations for physical, psychological, and sexual child abuse through curriculum. Therefore, the study has examined the interpretations of primary education teachers on one of the attainments of Safe Life unit in Life Sciences course that has been recently revised and put into force for 2017-2018 academic year. 12 volunteer primary education teachers participated in the study. The study was conducted with phenomenology design of qualitative research method. Semi-structured interview forms were developed and applied by the researcher as the data collection. The data were transcribed first and then analyzed through descriptive and content analysis. The findings have highlighted that most of the teachers have not associated the objective with child abuse issue, on the contrary, they have interpreted it as a precaution for physical harms and damages (accidents, injuries, wounds, etc.) and communication in respect (asking for permission before speaking, behave respectfully to elders, etc.). Additionally, teachers have mentioned that they have not been in any training either in pre-service or in-service education related to child abuse. It has been noticed that child abuse issue has not been properly touched upon in educational field. It is hoped to draw attention to the topic in education with this study. Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.  ÖzetBu çalışmada çocukların fiziksel, psikolojik ve cinsel istismarına yönelik önleyici uygulamaların öğretim programlarında yer almasının önemi araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılı itibari ile yürürlüğe giren revize edilmiş hayat bilgisi öğretim programı içerisinde yer alan “Güvenli Hayat” ünitesinin bir kazanımının sınıf öğretmenleri tarafından nasıl yorumlandığı araştırılmıştır. Çalışma 12 sınıf öğretmeni ile nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim (fenomenoloji) deseni ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışma sırasında “yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu” kullanılmıştır Görüşme sonunda yazıya aktarılan veriler betimsel ve içerik analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiş ve bulgular değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre öğretmenlerin büyük bir çoğunluğu kazanımı fiziksel güvenlik (kaza, yaralanma, güvenli oyun alanları vb.) ve saygılı iletişim (söz alma, büyüklere saygılı olma vb.) çerçevesinde yorumlamış ve çocuk istismarı ile ilişkilendirmemiştir. Öğretmenler ilgili konuda hiç eğitim almadıklarını da belirtmişlerdir. Bu çalışma sonucunda eğitim alanında çocuk istismarı konusunda yeterli bir farkındalık olmadığı fark edilmiş ve eğitim alanında önleyici uygulamalara yönelik farkındalık oluşturulması için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Cholesterol Assimilation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae B-18 isolated from gastrointestinal tract of Javanese duck
Authors: Istiqomah L. , Anwar M. , Anggraeni A.S. , Damayanti E.
Published: May 2018

This study had a purpose of obtaining potential indigenous yeasts for assimilating cholesterol and assessed the in vitro activity of Bile Salt Hydrolase (BSH) using Chloramphenicol Yeast Glucose (CYG) media supplemented CaCl2 and Taurodeoxycholic Acid (TDCA). Yeasts were collected from the gastrointestinal tract of Indonesian native chicken (Gallus javanicus), Javanese duck (Anas javanicus), and Muscovy duck (Anas moschata). The BSH assay was performed to determine secretion of BSH from yeast strain to conjugate bile salts into cholic acid-free by measuring precipitation zone in a specific medium. The quantitative measurement to assimilate cholesterol in yeast using CYG broth contained soluble cholesterol (500 ppm) and incubated at 30°C for 72 hours. Microplate reader used to analyze cholesterol content in the supernatant. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with one way completely randomized. Precipitation zone found among isolates did not significantly different (P>0.05). Isolate B-18 from Javanese duck performed the highest percentage of assimilating cholesterol with the value of 51.83% and identified as S. cerevisiae. This isolate was closely related to S. cerevisiae mt 21s (accession number X00149.1)based on phylogenetic tree analysis. It could be concluded that S. cerevisiae B-18was potential for assimilating cholesterol in vitro.
An Experimental Investigation of Magnetically Impelled Arc Butt Welding of Pipes: A Review
Authors: Sk Abdul Khadeer , Khan Naseeb
Published: May 2018

This paper describes a new development of circumferential welding of pipes. Circumferential butt welds are
commonly used to join pipes in various industries, including power plants and automobile industries. Magnetically
impelled arc butt welding process is a hybrid welding technique. It uses a rotating electric arc as its heat source and
is known as efficient method for pipe welding. In this process heat is evolved prior to forging by an arc generated
between two coaxially aligned pipes, this arc rapidly rotates along the circumferential edges of the pipes to be welded
due to the electromagnetic force exerted by the interaction of arc current and magnetic field generated by the
external magnetic system. The entire weld over the full joint thickness is made in one single operation, instead of
using several passes as in conventional welding. The main emphasis of this review is to describe the different works
carried out in the past which help full for providing the information for the future development of research work.
Present study exposes the different works that has been done in the past for improving the weld quality.
Tin powder-promoted allylation and cyclization of 2-(benzylideneamino)isoindoline-1,3-diones
Authors: Elaas Nibras Ahmed , Huang Danfeng , Wang Ke-Hu , Su Yingpeng , Hu Yulai
Published: May 2018

α-Methylene-γ-lactams were synthesized from readily available N-acylhydrazones by a tin-mediated Barbier-type reaction. The method avoids the use of toxic allylstannanes and the reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions.
Analysis of the Empathic Concern Subscale of the Emotional Response Questionnaire in a Study Evaluating the Impact of a 3D Cultural Simulation
Authors: Everson Naleya , Levett-Jones Tracy , Pitt Victoria , Lapkin Samuel , Van Der Riet Pamela , Rossiter Rachel , Jones Donovan , Gilligan Conor , Courtney Pratt Helen
Published: May 2018

Abstract Background Empathic concern has been found to decline in health professional students. Few effective educational programs and a lack of validated scales are reported. Previous analysis of the Empathic Concern scale of the Emotional Response Questionnaire has reported both one and two latent constructs. Aim To evaluate the impact of simulation on nursing students’ empathic concern and test the psychometric properties of the Empathic Concern scale. Methods The study used a one group pre-test post-test design with a convenience sample of 460 nursing students. Empathic concern was measured pre-post simulation with the Empathic Concern scale. Factor Analysis was undertaken to investigate the structure of the scale. Results There was a statistically significant increase in Empathic Concern scores between pre-simulation 5.57 (SD = 1.04) and post-simulation 6.10 (SD = 0.95). Factor analysis of the Empathic Concern scale identified one latent dimension. Conclusion Immersive simulation may promote empathic concern. The Empathic Concern scale measured a single latent construct in this cohort.
Spectrum Fragmentation-Aware Strategies for Deadline-Driven Dynamic Multicast Scheduling Problem in EON
Authors: Markowski Marcin
Published: May 2018

Since the spectrum fragmentation is an important issue for the dynamic demands allocation in the Elastic Optical Networks, minimization of it improves the spectrum utilization and decreases the blocking probability. In the paper, the dynamic deadline-driven multicast routing and spectrum assignment problem in the elastic network is considered. Three spectrum fragmentation-aware algorithms were proposed and evaluated. Two of proposed algorithms use the well-known fragmentation metrics, while the third one utilizes a new original fragmentation increase estimator. The results of the experiments validating the quality of proposed methods and algorithms were reported and analyzed.
Proposal of a New Structure for Netfpga Cards
Authors: Michalski Marek , Sielach Tytus
Published: May 2018

In this paper, we present a proposal of a new internal structure for NetFPGA cards and its analysis. We propose to use a switching fabric instead of a single pipeline. Such a change complicates some modules and connects several of them into a single, more complicated module. Their functionality is the same, but the delay of the served Ethernet frame will be decreased.
The Use of Image Processing Methods to Improve the Detection of User’s Hand in Vision Based Games Used in Neurological Rehabilitation
Authors: Gospodarek Katarzyna
Published: May 2018

Vision based games is a type of software that can become a promising, modern neuroreha-bilitation tool. This paper presents the possibilities offered for the implementation of this kind of software by the open source vision library. The methods and functions related to the aspect of image processing and analysis are presented in terms of their usefulness in creating programs based on the analysis of the images acquired from the camera. On the basis of the issues contained in the paper, the functionality of the library is presented in terms of the possibilities related primarily to the processing of video sequences, detection, tracking and analysis of the movement of objects.

As part of the work, the software that meets the requirements for modern neurorehablitation games has been implemented. Its main part is responsible for the identification of the current position of the user’s hand and is based on the image captured from the webcam. Whereas the tasks set for the user used among others supporting visual-motor coordination.

The main subject of the research was the analysis of the impact of the applied methods of initial image processing on the correctness of the chosen tracking algorithm. It was proposed and experimentally examined the impact of operations such as morphological transformations or apply an additional mask on a functioning of the CamShift algorithm. And hence on the functioning of the whole game which analyzing the user’s hand movement.