bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DNA Origami Drives Gene Expression in a Human Cell Culture System
Authors: Oh Chang Yong , Kaur Haninder , Tuteja Geetu , Henderson Eric R.
Published: April 2024

Self-assembling DNA nanoparticles have the potential to significantly advance the targeted delivery of molecular cargo owing to their chemical and architectural flexibility. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the genetic code embedded in DNA nanoparticles produced by the method of DNA origami or related techniques can be recognized and copied by RNA polymerase in vitro. Further, sculpted DNA nanoparticles can serve as a substrate for Cas9-mediated gene modification and gene expression in cell culture. In the present study, we further investigate the ability of DNA origami nanoparticles to be expressed in a human cell line with emphasis on the impact of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) domains and the contributions of the architectural disposition of genetic control elements, namely promoter and enhancer sequences. Our findings suggest that while cells possess the remarkable capability to express genes within highly folded architectures, the presence and relative density and location of ssDNA domains appears to influence overall levels of gene expression. These results suggest that it may be possible to nuance folded DNA nanoparticle architecture to regulate the rate and/or level of gene expression. Considering the highly malleable architecture and chemistry of self-assembling DNA nanoparticles, these findings motivate further exploration of their potential as an economic nanotechnology platform for targeted gene editing, nucleic acid-based vaccines, and related biotherapeutic applications.
Identification of Potential Bioactive Phytochemicals for the Inhibition of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor β: An integrated docking and MD simulation approach
Authors: Habib Insan , Sulaimani Md Nayab , Hussain Afzal , Gulzar Mehak , Mohammad Taj , Alajmi Mohamed F. , Shamsi Anas , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz
Published: April 2024

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) belongs to the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) protein family and is implicated in various diseases, including cancer. Its signaling pathway has been linked to various human meningioma and atherosclerosis. Due to its pivotal role in disease pathogenesis, PDGFRβ has emerged as a promising drug target in cancer therapy and the treatment of other disorders. This study aimed to identify potential PDGFRβ inhibitors through virtual screening of phytochemicals extracted from the IMPPAT database. The initial assessment involved applying the Lipinski rule-of-five to evaluate the physicochemical properties of the molecules. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis encompassing binding affinity assessment, PAINS filter application, ADMET profiling, and PASS prediction was conducted. Among the screened compounds, Genostrychnine and Chelidonine exhibited remarkable affinity and specificity in their interactions with the PDGFRβ kinase domain. To gain insights into the temporal evolution and dynamics of these interactions, all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and essential dynamics analysis were employed. These computational techniques provided valuable insights into the behavior and stability of the PDGFRβ-ligand complexes over time. Based on our findings, we propose that Genostrychnine and Chelidonine merit further investigation through in vivo and in vitro studies to evaluate their potential for managing PDGFRβ-associated malignancies. In conclusion, this study underscores the potential of Genostrychnine and Chelidonine as promising PDGFRβ inhibitors. Further experimental investigations are required to validate their efficacy and assess their therapeutic potential for PDGFRβ-related diseases, with a particular focus on cancer management.
A novel approach for assessing the wear status of a milling tool flank based on the entropy generation of friction and thermal conduction
Authors: Zhao Peiyi , Ma Chaoyang , Jiang Bin , Wang Zikang
Published: April 2024

High-efficiency milling cutters are extensively used in the manufacturing industry due to their excellent cutting performance. However, milling vibrations lead to variation in frictional stress and frictional velocity at the tool-worker friction interface so the thermodynamic behavior of a cutter-worker friction system is complex and variable, this makes the wear prediction of the milling cutter’s flank face in the milling process difficult. In this paper. we first developed a model for transient cutting behavior under vibration; based on this, a model for transient contact friction between the flank face of a high-efficiency milling cutter’s teeth and the machining transition surface was developed, and the friction stress and friction velocity at the characteristic points of the flank face were solved with the help of simulation data. The structure of the frictional thermodynamic system of the flank face of the milling cutter teeth was decomposed, and the entropy generation model of friction force due to nonlinear friction variables in the process of high-efficiency milling under the tool offset and different contact angle positions due to milling vibration was developed, as well as the entropy generation model of the milling heat transfer process under frictional extrusion in the third deformation zone. Finally, the wear depth of the tool flank was predicted based on the thermodynamic entropy generation which were used as one of the input variables. The results showed that the relative prediction error of the prediction model was 1.7%, confirming the good accuracy of the prediction model.
Moisture Harvesting Efficacy Utilizing Flower-like ZnO Nanostructures Coated on Cotton Fabrics
Authors: Mardani M. , Rakhshandehroo G. R. , Zerafat M. M.
Published: April 2024

Nanocomposite fabrics have been extensively employed as moisture harvesting media. In this study, flower-like zinc oxide nanostructures were coated on cotton fabrics by precipitation technique at different operational conditions of precursor concentration, temperature, and residence time. Then, the impact of aforementioned parameters on wettability of coated fabrics and morphology of nanostructures were investigated through contact angle measurements and SEM/EDX analyses, respectively. Optimal conditions of the coating process was experimentally determined and later validated by Minitab software. Afterwards, the fabrics prepared at optimal conditions were utilized in moisture harvesting experiments which were planned to scrutinize the effects of 3 parameters; humid airflow rate, temperature, and humidity on the final amount of harvested moisture. Experimental results in terms of water contact angle led to an optimal value of 156°. Moreover, Minitab confirmation of the obtained results revealed that the optimization of coating process occurred at a precursor concentration of 3.1 mM, a temperature of 85°C, and a residence time of 50 minutes. Furthermore, SEM/EDX analyses ascertain the flower-like zinc oxide nanostructure coating as well as its uniform distribution on the fabric surface. The abrasion resistance of the coated nanostructure was evaluated via performing a standard abrasion test proving the coating mechanical stability, as evidenced by a negligible reduction in the contact angle. Finally, optimum moisture harvesting results led to 64.8 mg/cm2.h of water, showing the dominancy of air humidity effect on the amount of harvested moisture as compared to factors such as temperature or airflow.
Commutativity and Compactness of Kth Order Slant Toeplitz Operators
Authors: Singh M. Premjit , Singh Khumballambam Priyobarta , Chongtham Elija , Singh Oinam Nilbir
Published: April 2024

In this paper, commutativity of the compressions of kth order slant Toeplitz operators is discussed. We show that the commutativity and essential commutativity of two compressions of kth order slant Toeplitz operators on H2 are same. We also establish some results on the compactness of the compressions of kth order slant Toeplitz operators. In the last section, we discuss various similarities and differences between compactness and non-compactness of these operators by simply looking at their graphs.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 47B35.
The conservation island effect of commercial hunting of red-legged partridges in agricultural landscapes
Authors: Sánchez-Cano Alberto , Fernandez-de-Simon Javier , Carpio Antonio J. , Barroso Patricia , Cardoso Beatriz , Zearra Jon Ander , Höfle Ursula , Gortázar Christian
Published: April 2024

The global biodiversity crisis, driven by habitat changes to meet escalating food demands, is particularly evident in Mediterranean Europe through agricultural intensification and rural abandonment. Counterintuitively, commercial hunting of red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) may benefit biodiversity managing estates for habitat quality rather than for profit. This approach, featuring food and water supplementation, legal predator control, and reduced hunting of European wild rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), fosters favorable biodiversity conditions. Our study in central Spain compared biodiversity in ten commercial partridge hunting estates (treatment areas) with ten agriculture focused landscapes (controls). We detected 75 bird species, 63 in treatment and 52 in control areas. Transect surveys indicated higher bird species richness in treatment areas, alongside extended raptor sightings Muscicapidae and Turdidae were more frequent in treatment areas, likely due to superior habitat conditions. Additionally, rabbits were more abundant in treatment areas, and the endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) was exclusively detected there. Non-target species, including rabbits (44.93%) and birds (20.68%), were attracted to partridge feeders and waterers. Our findings suggest that commercial partridge hunting lands by preserving habitat and supporting prey, enhance biodiversity, potentially acting as “conservation islands” with positive effects on biodiversity beyond their borders.
Removal of Tetracycline Using Ultrasound, Ultrasound-Assisted Electrocoagulation, and Electrocoagulation Processes
Authors: ALACAHAN Ömer Faruk , ÖZYONAR Fuat
Published: April 2024

This study examined the elimination of tetracycline (TC) in aqueous samples by electrocoagulation (EC), ultrasonography (US), and US-assisted EC methods. The effects of TC removal with EC method were examined using different type of junctions-MP-P, MP-S, and BP-S-and eight various combinations of aluminum and iron hybrid electrodes. The effectiveness of EC variables on TC and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal efficiencies was investigated, including combination of hybrid electrodes, initial value of pH, current density, initial concentrate of TC, air flow volume, conductivity of the solution, and connection configuration. The Al-Fe-Fe-Fe electrode configuration, the initial value of pH = 6, the current density = 50 A/m2, concentration of TC = 100 mg/L, the air flow volume = 2 L/min, the solution conductivity = 1000 µs/cm, and the MP-S connection type were found to be the optimal conditions for the 2.5-min EC time. TC and COD removal efficiencies were 96.3% and 91.2%, respectively, under these conditions. Additionally, under optimal operating criteria in the fixed-power, fixed-frequency US-coupled EC process, TC and COD removal efficiencies were 100% and 97.5%, respectively. UV absorbance was measured before and after treatment using EC, U.S., and U.S.-assisted EC techniques. Taking into account electrode, energy, and chemical consumption, the operating costs for EC and EC-US were determined to be 0.215 €/m3 and 0.76 €/m3, respectively. The results showed that the US-assisted EC and EC process was highly effective in removing TC from aqueous solutions.
Mechanism of core-tau unit assembly and inhibition in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Mazanetz Michael P. , Marshall Karen E. , Al-Hilaly Youssra K. , Horsley David , Santos Renato X. , Simpson Michael , Kemp Steven J. , Palliyil Soumya , Arastoo Mohammad , Lofthouse Richard , Penny Lewis K. , Porter Andrew J. R. , Harrington Charles R. , Storey John M. D. , Serpell Louise C. , Wischik Claude M.
Published: April 2024

The tau protein (residues 297-391) forms the core of oligomers and filaments that drive neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The mechanisms of pathological assembly and pharmacological inhibition need to be understood before novel treatments can be developed. Molecular dynamics modeling, confirmed by immunochemistry, revealed that self-assembly involves initial capture via residues 337-355 and a conformational switch at proline 332, followed by unfolding and zipper-like assembly into a stable H-bonded structure that occludes epitopes within the core domain. Hydromethylthionine (HMT), a clinically active tau aggregation inhibitor (TAI), works by stabilizing the core monomer in a wrapped-up conformation, which prevents its assembly. A pharmacophore model based on the HMT cryptic pocket was used to design novel active TAIs. These discoveries provide a basis for the rational design of new TAIs for the treatment of AD.
Grete Fischer : Auswahlbibliographie
Authors: Kelletat Andreas F.
Published: April 2024

Die Bibliographie nennt alle in der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek vorhandenen Bücher Grete Fischers. Die Titel wurden mit Ausnahme der drei 1945/46 in Glasgow erschienenen Bücher autoptisch überprüft. Als Verlagslektorin hat sie durch mehrere Jahrzehnte an deutschen und englischen Übersetzungen mitgewirkt, die sich bisher jedoch bibliographisch nicht nachweisen ließen.
Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS)
Authors: Bergquist Kjersti Åby , Halvorsen Marianne Berg
Published: April 2024

Beskrivelse: Sosial responsivitetskala (SRS; Constantino & Gruber, 2020) er et standardisert spørreskjema for barn i alderen 4–18 år. Det brukes som mål på sosial funksjonssvikt innen autismespekterforstyrrelser. Internasjonale rettighetshavere er Western Psychological Services. Norsk utgave ble opprinnelig oversatt til norsk og utgitt første gang i 2009. Hogrefe har de norske rettighetene til skjemaet. Spørreskjemaet fylles ut av foresatt/nærperson eller lærer og består av 65 ledd fordelt på fem delskalaer i tillegg til en totalskala. Fagpersoner som tolker SRS må ha diagnostiseringskompetanse (psykolog/lege) og kompetanse i bruk av psykologiske tester.
Litteratursøk: Systematisk litteratursøk ga 149 skandinaviske treff. Seks norske artikler, fire svenske og en dansk artikkel (ti utvalg) som inneholdt relevante psykometriske data i form av middelverdier, reliabilitet, validitet og endringssensitivitet, oppfylte inklusjonskriteriene. Utvalgene var hentet fra barne- og ungdomspsykiatriske tjenester, habilitering og spesialskoler.
Psykometri: En studie hadde undersøkt delskalaenes indre konsistens (reliabilitet). Alle delskalaer med unntak av sosial bevissthet hadde tilfredsstillende indre konsistens. Middelverdiene i de norske og skandinaviske studiene hadde tilsvarende verdier som studier utenfor Skandinavia. Begrepsvaliditeten til målet undersøkt gjennom konfirmatoriske faktoranalyser var ikke tilfredsstillende. Grad av overlapp mellom SRS-målet og tilsvarende begreper ble funnet å være adekvat til god (konvergerende validitet). Det fremkom meningsfulle gruppeforskjeller i SRS totalskalaskårer mellom ulike kliniske undergrupper. Flere behandlingsstudier viste en signifikant nedgang i SRS totalskalaskåren over tid, noe som indikerer endringssensitivitet.
Konklusjon: Begrepsvaliditeten til den norske versjonen SRS ble ikke funnet støttet gjennom faktoranalyser i et blandet utvalg av barn og unge med utviklingsforstyrrelser, inkludert autisme. Derimot ble begrepsvaliditeten støttet gjennom adekvate korrelasjoner med tilsvarende begreper. Det fremkom også forventede skåringsforskjeller mellom kliniske grupper. Den indre konsistensen til flertallet av delskalaene og endringssensitivitet er støttet. De amerikanske normene må brukes med forsiktighet. Det er behov for flere studier av SRS-målets reliabilitet og validitet i en skandinavisk kontekst, og da med spesielt fokus på delskalaene siden målet anses som flerdimensjonalt.
Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Beck Anxiety Inventory for ungdom og unge voksne (BAI)
Authors: Lisøy Carina , Martinsen Kristin
Published: April 2024

Beskrivelse: Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) er et selvrapporteringsinstrument for angstsymptomer utviklet av Beck, Epstein, Brown og Steer i 1988. Norsk versjon ble oversatt av Tone Andersen i 2005, og rettighetshavere er NCS Pearson Inc. BAI inneholder 21 ledd målt på en 4 poengs Likert-skala som danner en sumskår. Målgruppen er ungdommer eller voksne fra alderen 17 år og oppover. Skjemaet tar 5 – 10 minutter å fylle ut for respondenter med normale leseferdigheter. Fortolkning krever kompetanse tilsvarende klinisk psykolog eller lege.
Litteratursøk: Vi søkte etter skandinaviske publikasjoner som rapporterte måleegenskaper eller normdata for BAI i utvalg av ungdom eller unge voksne med gjennomsnittsalder under 26 år. Av 838 referanser, ble 13 inkluderte. Bare én av publikasjonene (en masteroppgave) var en psykometrisk studie.
Psykometri: En studie fant at deltakere med angstdiagnoser skåret høyere på BAI enn deltakere med depresjon. Kriterievaliditet for BAI ble undersøkt i en publikasjon, som rapporterte at BAI hadde lav diagnostisk nøyaktighet. Konvergerende validitet, vurdert ved korrelasjonskoeffisienter mellom BAI og andre angstmål, varierte fra «utilstrekkelig» til «utmerket». Faktorstruktur ble undersøkt i en publikasjon, som ikke var fagfellevurdert, og det er stor usikkerhet knyttet til faktorstrukturen til BAI i skandinaviske utvalg, og også internasjonalt. Indre konsistens var rapportert i 11 publikasjoner, og alle fant høy indre konsistens for samlede BAI skårer. God til utmerket test-retest reliabilitet ble funnet i tre publikasjoner. BAI normdata, indikasjoner på endringssensitivitet eller måleinstrumentets invarians ble ikke funnet rapportert i de inkluderte publikasjonene.
Konklusjon: Måleegenskapene til den skandinaviske versjonen av BAI er i liten grad dokumentert i utvalg av ungdom eller unge voksne i Skandinavia. Vi anbefaler å benytte måleinstrumentet med forsiktighet blant ungdom og unge voksne frem til gode måleegenskaper av skandinaviske versjoner av BAI er dokumentert.
Уровень, факторы и способы преодоления учебного стресса студентами-медиками
Authors: Солянина В.А. , Рындина В.В. , Тюнькин Д.В. , Глебов А.Ю.
Published: April 2024

В статье представлены результаты исследования уровня учебного стресса студентов-медиков, влияющие на него факторы, проявления и способы преодоления. В исследовании установлены ведущие факторы, приводящие к формированию учебного стресса у студентов КГМУ. Среди них на первый план выходят такие факторы, как: большая учебная нагрузка, «строгие преподаватели», страх перед будущим, нерегулярное питание и «излишне серьезное отношение к учебе». Тогда как личные проблемы (личная жизнь, взаимоотношения в коллективе, пребывание далеко от родителей, распоряжение финансами) играют сравнительно менее важную роль в формировании стресса. Лидирующее место среди факторов возникновения учебного стресса занимает волнение перед экзаменом. Наиболее частыми проявлениями учебного стресса у студентов являются: ощущение нехватки времени, нарушения сна, а также снижение работоспособности и повышенная утомляемость, что в свою очередь может приводить к снижению академической успеваемости обучающихся. По результатам исследования планируется разработка программ профилактики и снижения учебного стресса у студентов-медиков.
Специфика адаптации молодых специалистов – преподавателей медицинского вуза
Authors: Шульгина Т.А. , Черкашина М.Д.
Published: April 2024

Адаптация молодых специалистов – преподавателей медицинского вуза является важной составляющей обеспечения эффективности учебно-воспитательного процесса современного вуза. Процесс адаптации является сложным и многогранным, требующим сочетания усилий как со стороны самого специалиста, так и от работодателя. В статье представлены результаты эмпирического исследования молодых специалистов – преподавателей ФГБОУ ВО «Курский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России в рамках прохождения программы «Школа преподавательского мастерства».
Mass transfer of CO2 gas pocket in horizontal pipe flow
Authors: Guo Linjiang , Fang Lei , Li Pengcheng , Ma Yiyi
Published: April 2024

The mass transfer from a stagnant CO2 gas pocket to the flowing water in a horizontal pipe was investigated experimentally, considering the application of pH adjustment by injecting gaseous CO2 for raw water in water treatment industries. In the experiments, the variation of the CO2 gas pocket volume and the corresponding pH values of the pipe flow with time under different conditions were recorded. The mass transfer coefficient of the CO2 gas pocket in the pipe flow was then calculated. The results showed that the injection of gaseous CO2 into the pipe flow could effectively adjust the pH. The volume of the CO2 gas pocket decreased exponentially. Different from most studies on bubble mass transfer, it was found that the ambient CO2 concentration could not be neglected in this study due to the large volume of the gas pocket and the restricted space in the pipe. The mass transfer coefficient increased with the increasing ratio of the CO2 injection rate to the water flow rate and exhibited a sharp reduction as the volume of the CO2 gas pocket decreased by about 80%. The outcomes of this paper can contribute to a better understanding of gas bubble mass transfer in pipe flows.
Strategies and Methods for Assessing the Organization's Digital Maturity
Authors: Sobolev Aleksandr Dmitrievich
Published: April 2024

In the discussion about the digital economy and digital transformation, it is important to note how digital solutions are integrated into the production environment. That is why, in economic and management science, the concept of digital maturity was developed, which allows you to determine the degree of presence and importance of digital tools in the enterprise. When evaluating digital infrastructure, oddly enough, the category of digital maturity is not used so often. Interpretation of this concept also faces a number of problems. In the course of theoretical research, the use of methods of analysis, generalization, comparison, the author proposes a solution to this problem in the form of determining digital maturity as a characteristic of quantitative and qualitative processes of digitalization of the enterprise.
A Study on the User of Languages and Media Textbook : Based on Focus Group Interview
Authors:   The Korean Publishing Science Society, Lee Sung Yun , Roh Byung Sung
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the perceptions of readers of the  textbook and attempted to collect basic data needed to create a more progressive  textbook. As a result of the study, first, it was said that the content was too verbose and that it was somewhat unusable as a guidebook for preparing for the college entrance exam. Second, ‘cases’ or ‘examples’ were proposed for the elements needed for the  textbook, and it was hoped that a difficulty level directly related to the CSAT would be created and that many related problems would be included in the textbook. Third, major improvements in language learning included an increase in the number of problems, measures to improve usability, and improved readability of grammatical content, and improvements in media learning included the enhancement of the role of media learning and improvements in expression methods according to changes in the times. presented. Fourth, most respondents responded positively to learning by separating language and media. Fifth, in order for  to be helpful in real life, it was suggested that the contents of media learning should be prioritized over linguistic learning, and it was argued that the study of media ethics should begin sooner.
Nanodelivery Approaches of Phytoactives for Skin Cancers: Current and Future Perspectives
Authors: Yapar Evren Algın , Özdemir Merve Nur , Durgun Meltem Ezgi , Dağıstan Özlem Akbal , Cavalu Simona , Özsoy Yıldız , Kartal Murat
Published: April 2024

In recent years, there has been an increase in skin cancers due to external factors,
especially environmental factors, and studies on treatment alternatives have gained importance.
Nanomaterials are common, from sunscreen formulas to formulations designed to treat skin cancers
at various stages. Using bioactives has multiple effects in treating skin cancers, which provides
many advantages. In this regard, many phytochemicals gain importance with their antioxidant,
anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, and analgesic effects. Their delivery
with nanocarriers is on the agenda for phytochemicals to gain the targeted stability, effectiveness,
and toxicity/safety properties. This review presents types of skin cancers, phytochemicals
effective in skin cancers, and their nanocarrier-loaded studies from an up-to-date perspective.
The Pivotal Function of SLC16A1 and SLC16A1-AS1 in Cancer Progress:
Molecular Pathogenesis and Prognosis
Authors: Zhou Yunxi , Tan Fangshun , Wang Zhuowei , Zhou Gang , Yuan Chengfu
Published: April 2024

More than 300 membranes make up the SLC family of transporters, utilizing an ion gradient
or electrochemical potential difference to move their substrates across biological membranes.
The SLC16 gene family contains fourteen members. Proton-linked transportation of monocarboxylates
can be promoted by the transporters MCT1, which the SLC16A1 gene family encodes. Glycolysis
is constitutively up-regulated in cancer cells, and the amount of lactate produced as a result
is correlated with prognosis. Further speaking, SLC16A1 plays an essential role in controlling the
growth and spread of tumors, according to mounting evidence. Additionally, LncRNAs are the collective
term for all genes that produce RNA transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides but do not convert
into proteins. It has steadily developed into a hub for research, offering an innovative approach
to tumor study as technology related to molecular biology advances. The growing study has uncovered
SLC16A1-AS1, an RNA that acts as an antisense to SLC16A1, which is erroneously expressed
in various types of cancers. Therefore, we compiled the most recent information on the physiological
functions and underlying processes of SLC16A1 and the LncRNA SLC16A1-AS1 during tumor
development to explore their impact on cancer treatment and prognosis.

:

We compiled the most recent information on the physiological functions and underlying processes
of SLC16A1 and the LncRNA SLC16A1-AS1 during tumor development to explore their impact on
cancer treatment and prognosis.

:

Relevant studies were retrieved and collected through the PubMed system. After determining
SLC16A1 and SLC16A1-AS1 as the research object, we found a close relationship between
SLC16A1 and tumorigenesis as well as the influencing factors through the analysis of the research
articles.

:

SLC16A1 regulates lactate chemotaxis while uncovering SLC16A1- AS1 as an antisense RNA acting
through multiple pathways; they affect the metabolism of tumor cells and have an impact on the
prognosis of patients with various cancers.
New 1,3,4‒oxadiazole Quinazolines as Potential Anticancer Agents: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and In silico Studies
Authors: Gujja Venkanna , Sadineni Kumaraswamy , Koppula Shiva Kumar , Basireddy Avanthi , Venkanna Banothu , Gunda Shravan Kumar
Published: April 2024

Background:

A novel series of 1,3,4‒oxadiazole connected to derivatives of quinazolinone
(7a–e and 8a–f) was synthesized in the current investigation, and its anticancer and Topoisomerase‒
II inhibitory activity was evaluated.

Objective:

These findings inspired the design, synthesis, and biological analysis of these
1,3,4‒oxadiazole-quinazolinone analogues as antiproliferative Topo‒II inhibitors.

Methods:

The novel compound structures were determined using mass spectrometry and spectral
methods (IR, NMR: 1H & 13C). The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
colourimetric assay has been used to evaluate the anticancer efficacy of these drugs, and Autodock
4.2 provides a description of the docking results. For the more active members, additional biological
tests, such as the Topo‒II inhibition experiment, were performed. These compounds'
physicochemical and ADMET characteristics were examined in more detail.

Results:

In the experiment for antiproliferative activity, compounds 7d, 7e, 8c, 8e, and 8f demonstrated
encouraging cytotoxicity findings against HCT‒116 and HepG2 cancer cell lines, with IC50
values ranging from 3.85 to 19.43 μM. Compounds 7d, 7e, and 8e were the most potent inhibitors
of Topo II with IC50 values of 15.18, 17.55, and 12.59 μM, respectively. Additionally, the docked
compound 8c showed the strongest conventional hydrogen bonds among the residues Leu507(B),
Asn508(B), Asn520(B), and Glu522(B) in the Human topoisomerase‒IIβ active site in the DNA
complex (4G0U) when compared to the findings of docking experiments.

Conclusions:

New findings have discovered the fact that fused 1,3,4‒oxadiazole bearing quinazolinone
contributed great significance in the field of medicinal chemistry due to their diverse biological
properties. Finally, the in silico pharmacokinetic profile of all the synthesized derivatives
was estimated using SwissADME, where some of the compounds followed Lipinski, Veber, Egan,
and Muegge rules without deviation. The result of this activity advises that with a simple modification
in structure, a potent anticancer agent can be generated with good efficacy.
BODIPYs as Fluorogenic Probes for Live-cell Imaging of Lipid Droplets: Photophysical and Computational Studies
Authors: Machado Luana A. , Pereira Cynthia L. M. , de Souza Ana Clara G. , Ferreira Elivelton A. , Marques Flávia F. C. , Orestes Ednilsom , Araujo Maria H. , Paiva Karen L. R. , Mesquita Marina S. , Báo Sônia N. , Pedrosa Leandro F. , Nasim Muhammad Jawad , Jacob Claus , da Silva Júnior Eufrânio N.
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

Lipid droplets (LDs) serve as primary storage sites for neutral lipids within cells and are crucial for lipid metabolism. Disorders affecting LDs can contribute to the pathogenesis of common metabolic diseases such as obesity and cancer, highlighting the importance of comprehend-ing LD biology in health and disease contexts.

Background:

Fluorescence assays are commonly used for the detection and quantification of lipids in bio-logical samples or lipid-rich environments. In this study, BODIPYs were synthesized and analyzed for structural confirmation. These compounds were subsequently evaluated for photophysical, electro-chemical (cyclic voltammetry) and theoretical analysis, followed by live-cell imaging studies to con-firm their affinity for intracellular lipid droplets.

Results:

BODIPYs have been identified as fluorogenic probes for live-cell imaging studies and found to serve as efficient and selective fluorescent substances for intracellular lipid droplets.

Conclusion:

These BODIPYs, especially 2b, are valuable addition to the expanding toolkit for intra-cellular diagnostics, offering versatility and reliability across various cellular imaging applications.
A Green Synthesis of Au-Ag Alloy Nanoparticles using Polydopamine Chemistry:
Evaluation of their Anticancer Potency Towards Both MCF-7 Cells and their Cancer
Stem Cells Subgroup
Authors: Zhan Honglei , Ding Shiyu , Shen Ruiyu , Lv Yulong , Tian Xinran , Liu Guie , Li Chaoyue , Wang Jihui
Published: April 2024

Background:

Limited chemotherapy efficacy and cancer stem cells (CSCs)-induced therapeutic resistance
are major difficulties for tumour treatment. Adopting more efficient therapies to eliminate bulk-sensitive
cancer cells and resistant CSCs is urgently needed.

Methods:

Based on the potential and functional complementarity of gold and silver nanoparticles (AuNPs or
AgNPs) on tumour treatment, bimetallic NPs (alloy) have been synthesized to obtain improved or even newly
emerging bioactivity from a combination effect. This study reported a facile, green and economical preparation of
Au-Ag alloy NPs using biocompatible polydopamine (PDA) as a reductant, capping, stabilizing and hydrophilic
agent.

Results:

These alloy NPs were quasi-spherical with rough surfaces and recorded in diameters of 80 nm. In addition,
these alloy NPs showed good water dispersity, stability and photothermal effect. Compared with monometallic
counterparts, these alloy NPs demonstrated a dramatically enhanced cytotoxic/pro-apoptotic/necrotic effect
towards bulk-sensitive MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The underlying mechanism regarding the apoptotic
action was associated with a mitochondria-mediated pathway, as evidenced by Au3+/Ag+ mediated Mitochondria
damage, ROS generation, DNA fragmentation and upregulation of certain apoptotic-related genes (Bax, P53 and
Caspase 3). Attractively, these Au-Ag alloy NPs showed a remarkably improved inhibitory effect on the mammosphere
formation capacity of MCF-7 CSCs.

Conclusion:

All the positive results were attributed to incorporated properties from Au, Ag and PDA, the combination
effect of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy and the nano-scaled structure of Au-Ag alloy NPs. In
addition, the high biocompatibility of Au-Ag alloy NPs supported them as a good candidate in cancer therapy.
Predictive Modeling and Optimization of Plywood Drying: An Artificial Neural Network Approach
Authors: Guamán-Lozada Darío , José Tobar Heredia María , Zambrano-Vinueza Mayra , Pesantes Ortiz Roister Alexis , Moscoso-Martínez Marlon , Manobanda Pinto Paul Marcelo
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

This investigation delves into the optimization of the plywood
drying process through the development of predictive models for output moisture content
(MC_Out) and waviness. It focuses on bridging the gap in current methodologies by employing
artificial neural networks (ANNs), optimized with genetic algorithms, to enhance
prediction accuracy and process efficiency.

Materials and Methods:

A comprehensive experimental design was employed, analyzing
the effects of three wood types (Doncel, Tamburo, and Zapote), two thickness levels, and
three drying speeds on MC_Out and waviness. Data collected were subjected to both traditional
statistical analysis and ANNs. The ANNs were fine-tuned through genetic algorithms,
exploring different network architectures to achieve optimal predictive performance.

Results:

Statistical models revealed the significant influence of wood type, thickness, and
drying speed on MC_Out and waviness, explaining 95.9% and 84.3% of the variations,
respectively. The optimized ANN models, however, demonstrated superior accuracy, with
the MC_Out model achieving fitted R-squared values of 0.940 and 0.757 for training and
validation sets, respectively, thus outperforming traditional models in predicting drying
outcomes.

Discussion:

The study underscores the effectiveness of ANNs in capturing complex nonlinear
relationships within the plywood drying data, which traditional statistical models
might not fully elucidate. The successful optimization of ANN architecture via genetic algorithms
further highlights the potential of machine learning approaches in industrial applications,
offering a more precise and reliable method for predicting drying process outcomes.

Conclusion:

The integration of artificial neural networks, optimized through genetic algorithms,
represents a significant advancement in the predictive modeling of plywood drying
processes. This approach not only offers enhanced prediction accuracy for key variables
such as MC_Out and waviness but also paves the way for more efficient and controlled
drying operations, ultimately contributing to the production of higher-quality plywood.
Nanoemulgel: An Innovative Carrier for Drug Delivery of Poorly Water-soluble Drugs
Authors: Kumar Prevesh , Hussain Zaira , Chandra Phool , Diksha  , Raj Varsha , Verma Navneet , Singh Alok
Published: April 2024

Recently, the delivery of hydrophobic/ poorly water-soluble drugs has been a difficult
task. Various approaches have been developed to counter the former and other main issues, such
as solubility, bioavailability, etc. However, only a few formulations have successfully addressed
the problems and nanoemulgels are a standout among them. The nanoemulgel drug delivery approach
combines multiple benefits associated with emulsion and gel technologies to improve active
moiety solubility, bioavailability, and longevity. The article discusses the present status of nanoemulgel
research and development, including its preparation methods and characterization techniques.
Additionally, the possible uses of nanoemulgel in targeted drug delivery and cosmetic/ personal
care products are discussed. Overall, nanoemulgel technology has shown significant
promise as a novel approach to augment the transport of water-insoluble moieties. With further research
as well as development, it is expected to have a substantial impact on the pharmaceutical
and cosmetic industries. This inclusive review highlighted the role of nanoemulgels as a promising
carrier for drug delivery, with an overview of a few illustrations supporting the cause.
Determination of AGE-CML Level in Commercially Available Sports Bar in Italy
Authors: Cannataro Roberto , Elechi Jasper Okoro Godwin , La Torre Chiara , Fazio Alessia , Abrego-Grandique Diana Marisol , Caroleo Maria Cristina , Cione Erika
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

The process of bar creation involves improving the texture of the product to increase its palatability, which can be further induced by various physical or chemical changes during storage, such as sugar crystallization and molecular migrations in which Maillard’s reaction occurs, forming the N-epsilon- (carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) adduct. In this study, we aimed to assess (the CML) adduct used in commercial bars today as meal substitutes or for athletic or sports purposes. The adduct CML is an advanced glycation end-product (AGEs) found in the human body (serum) and foods. It is the significant ligand for the Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE), resulting in chronic inflammation upon CML activation. Additionally, it aimed to assess the amount of AGEs-CML in various energy bars available on the Italian market.

background:

The adduct CML is an advanced glycation end-product (AGEs), found in the human body (serum) and foods. The CML-adduct is the significant ligand for the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), resulting in chronic inflammation upon CML activation.

Method:

CML OxiSelect ™ ELISA was used to assess the quantity of CML bars. The amount of AGE-CML was assessed in commercially available energy bars.

Results:

According to the ELISA analysis, CML concentrations per g protein in all the tested energy bars varied from 138,42 to 1387,54 μg/gr per bar and from 461,41 to 3970,46 μg/gr per 100 gr of product, which depends on the quantity of protein.

Conclusion:

The amount per gram of protein is relatively uniform (with a variation of about 10%), and when compared to other foods, it is positioned in a medium-low range.
Evolutionary Perspectives on Neural Network Generations: A Critical Examination of Models and Design Strategies
Authors: Yousif Jabar H. , Yousif Mohammed J.
Published: April 2024

:

In the last few years, Neural Networks have become more common in different areas
due to their ability to learn intricate patterns and provide precise predictions. Nonetheless, creating
an efficient neural network model is a difficult task that demands careful thought of multiple
factors, such as architecture, optimization method, and regularization technique. This paper aims
to comprehensively overview the state-of-the-art artificial neural network (ANN) generation and
highlight key challenges and opportunities in machine learning applications. It provides a critical
analysis of current neural network model design methodologies, focusing on the strengths and
weaknesses of different approaches. Also, it explores the use of different deep neural networks
(DNN) in image recognition, natural language processing, and time series analysis. In addition,
the text explores the advantages of selecting optimal values for various components of an Artificial
Neural Network (ANN). These components include the number of input/output layers, the
number of hidden layers, the type of activation function used, the number of epochs, and the
model type selection. Setting these components to their ideal values can help enhance the model's
overall performance and generalization. Furthermore, it identifies some common pitfalls and limitations
of existing design methodologies, such as overfitting, lack of interpretability, and computational
complexity. Finally, it proposes some directions for future research, such as developing
more efficient and interpretable neural network architectures, improving the scalability of training
algorithms, and exploring the potential of new paradigms, such as Spiking Neural Networks,
quantum neural networks, and neuromorphic computing.
Diseño de microred aislada usando energías renovables híbridas con convertidor electrónico multidireccional y multipuertos para alimentar centros de salud alejados
Authors: Tisza     Contreras Juan Francisco , Ortega Solorzano David Enrique
Published: April 2024

Este articulo tiene dos aspectos fundamentales a considerar, uno de ellos es el que corresponde a garantizar el suministro de energía para un centro básico de salud, utilizando generación con recursos de energías renovables, en este caso lo que se propone es suministrar a las cargas toda la suficiente  energía eléctrica para garantizar el funcionamiento continuo del centro de salud, se considera en este trabajo fuentes fotovoltaicas y eólicas; el segundo punto a considerar está relacionado con el  análisis , diseño y simulación de convertidores electrónicos de potencia, en especial buscando  el funcionamiento bidireccional  de los mismos y enfocando su estudio tanto en la etapa de potencia  como en la de control. Elementos importante que  es considera son la estrategias  de control avanzado, además se complementa con los sistemas de almacenamiento de energía. En todos  los casos usamos los IGBT como dispositivos  usados en la implementación del hardware. Se utiliza  el Matlab, Simulink, asi como también  el PSIM para las  simulaciones y pruebas.
Modelo Matemático en Matlab de Parámetros Ventilatorios para Simular las Ondas de Presión, Flujo y Volumen en los Modos Controlados por Presión y Volumen
Authors: Castillo Vilcatoma David Alexis , Pujay Mateo Luis Fernando , Parvina Melgar Luis
Published: April 2024

Hoy en día las personas que presentan insuficiencia respiratoria aguda y que no responden a tratamientos no invasivos, requieren ventilación mecánica. Esto se vio incrementado en la pandemia del COVID 19, en donde los gobiernos y empresas incrementaron la producción, investigación de ventiladores mecánicos. Uno de los pasos principales para el desarrollo de un dispositivo médico es su simulación. El presente artículo muestra el procedimiento necesario para modelar matemáticamente ondas de volumen, flujo y presión en el modo ventilación mandatorio continúa controlada por presión (PC-CMV) y el modo ventilación mandatorio continúa controlado por volumen. Para su desarrollo se tomaron en cuenta los parámetros de entrada como la compliance, resistencia, frecuencia respiratoria, tiempo inspiratorio, tiempo espiratorio, tiempo pausa, PEEP, PIP y volumen tidal para su simulación en el software Matlab y obtención de parámetros ventilatorios en el modo PC-CMV y VC-CMV.
Model of lnformation Support for a Regional Operator for the Management of Municipal Solid Waste
Authors: Alexandrov D. V. , Gulamov A. A.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the research is to compile a modern model of information support for a regional operator for the management of municipal solid waste and analyze the requirements for this system.Methods are based on various publications of reports by environmental operators, the public law company "Russian Еcological Operator" (РРK RЕO), on legislative documentation, research and software solutions (SТЕC Housing and Рublic Utilities, Sirena Housing and Рublic Utilities, Еlectronic Тrading Рlatform RЕO) in terms of automation of waste removal.Results. А modern information model for data exchange in the network of a regional operator for the management of solid waste has been built, which meets the needs of the industry. Based on the legislation, the study included recom- mendations for the work and functioning of departments. Ready-made solutions for automating the work of a regional operator for the removal of municipal solid waste are presented. Аn algorithm has been developed for the functioning of the system to send data on the amount of municipal solid waste (MSW) arriving at the landfill in accordance with the new requirements for automatic monitoring of waste accepted at the landfill.Conclusion. Тhe implementation of a modern level of information support for a regional operator for the management of municipal solid waste is relevant, not only from an environmental point of view, the formation of an integrated effective approach to waste management, but also from information security. Organizing the work of a regional operator for the management of municipal solid waste is a process that requires modern information support. Тo carry out the process of building competent logistics, infocommunication kits and data transmission systems are used to track vehicles trans- porting waste. Software is used to monitor the level of vehicle load, the total amount of waste removed, fuel consump- tion, analyze the load and condition of landfills with solid municipal waste, waste separation and recycling processes.
Computer Аssessment of the Risk of Нerniated Protrusions of the lntervertebral Discs of the Neck Based on MRl Data
Authors: Mokhova E. S. , Kolsanov A. V.
Published: April 2024

The purpose of the research is assessment of the risk of herniated protrusions of intervertebral discs C4-C5, C5-C6 and C6-C7 of the cervical spine according to MR/ examination.Methods. Тhe biomechanics of the physiological processes of this department has been studied on the basis of MR/ data. A computer program «A method for assessing the risk of herniated protrusions of intervertebral discs of the cervical spine based on the results of an MRI examination» has been developed and tested. The measurements required for the above assessment were obtained during the evaluation of the MR/ examination of a particular patient, after which the data was entered into the program. Тhe calculation results were compared with the database previously obtained by the authors in the course of experimental and clinical studies.Results. Тhe model we use correctly describes the mechanical features of the vertebral junction, since it takes into account the most significant features of their structure, which affect the change in the length of the arms of the levers and the force of pressure on the center of the intervertebral disc. Based on magnetic resonance imaging data, the height of the intervertebral disc at the level of the anterior edges of the vertebral bodies and the АV value were determined, and tg was calculated. For a particular patient, the risk of intervertebral disc protrusion was obtained at the C4-C5, C5-C6 and C6-C7 levels.Conclusion. Тhe test results of the program for assessing the risk of developing an intervertebral disc protrusion in the cervical spine make it possible to describe dynamic phenomena in the cervical spine and predict an unfavorable outcome of pathology at the preclinical stage, even in the absence of clinical manifestations.