bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alternate Warm and Cold Therapy (AWCT) on Uricemia, Sleep, Pain, Functional Ability, and Quality of Life (USPFQoL) in Patients with Gout: A Path Forward
Authors: Paulsamy Premalatha , Venkatesan Krishnaraju , Alshahrani ShadiaHamoud , Ahmad Fazil , El-Sherbiny Mohamed , Manoharan Vani , Periannan Kalaiselvi , Ahmed RashaElsayed , Prabahar Kousalya , mamiru teressa Dawit
Published: March 2022

Objective. To understand the impact of alternate warm and cold therapy (AWCT) on uricemia, sleep, pain, functional ability, and quality of life in gout patients. Methods. A quasiexperimental, nonequivalent control group, pre and posttest design was adopted among 120 gout patients. The data were collected on demographics, comorbidities, pain level, joint swelling/joint tenderness, patient global assessment of response to treatment (PGART), health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with SF-36, sleep quality by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and serum uric acid and assessed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Results. Patients had mean age of 58 and 61 years, mean number of comorbidities was 1.8 and 1.4, as well as presence of arthritic comorbidities except gout was 1.1 and 0.8 among study and control group participants, respectively. Pain (

p
<
0.001

), PGART (

p
=
−
0.01

), HRQoL, sleep quality, and level of SUA (mg/dl) improved significantly (

p
<
0.01

) among the study group over study periods. It affirms that the AWCT is effective in reducing pain, functional disability, and SUA, as well as improving the sleep quality and HRQoL of the gout patients. There was a reduced incidence of gout flares (

p
<
0.001

), and taking additional medicines for pain (

p
<
0.01

) was statistically significant among study participants. Except social functioning, other domains of health were significantly (

p
<
0.05

) affected by the comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, renal disease, and asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Conclusions. Gout is independently associated with higher medical and arthritic comorbidity, and AWCT can be better and cost-effective alternative therapy for gout patients. In addition, it may lead to improved cardiac function, hypertension, and renal insufficiency.
Cross-Camera External Validation for Artificial Intelligence Software in Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Tsai Meng-Ju , Hsieh Yi-Ting , Tsai Chin-Han , Chen Mingke , Hsieh An-Tsz , Tsai Chung-Wen , Chen Min-Ling
Published: March 2022

Aims. To investigate the applicability of deep learning image assessment software VeriSee DR to different color fundus cameras for the screening of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods. Color fundus images of diabetes patients taken with three different nonmydriatic fundus cameras, including 477 Topcon TRC-NW400, 459 Topcon TRC-NW8 series, and 471 Kowa nonmyd 8 series that were judged as “gradable” by one ophthalmologist were enrolled for validation. VeriSee DR was then used for the diagnosis of referable DR according to the International Clinical Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Severity Scale. Gradability, sensitivity, and specificity were calculated for each camera model. Results. All images (100%) from the three camera models were gradable for VeriSee DR. The sensitivity for diagnosing referable DR in the TRC-NW400, TRC-NW8, and non-myd 8 series was 89.3%, 94.6%, and 95.7%, respectively, while the specificity was 94.2%, 90.4%, and 89.3%, respectively. Neither the sensitivity nor the specificity differed significantly between these camera models and the original camera model used for VeriSee DR development (

p
=
0.40

,

p
=
0.065

, respectively). Conclusions. VeriSee DR was applicable to a variety of color fundus cameras with 100% agreement with ophthalmologists in terms of gradability and good sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of referable DR.
Robust Downlink Transmission for 6G LEO-MIMO Satellite Systems
Authors: Li Jiamin , Zhang Zifeng , Liu Rui , Liang Chulong , Zhu Pengcheng , Wang Dongming
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we investigate downlink transmission schemes robust to the Doppler frequency offset (DFO) induced by high mobility for low earth orbit multiple-input and multiple-output satellite communication systems. Considering the impact of DFO, we derive the closed-form expressions for the downlink achievable rates with maximum ratio transmission (MRT) and maximum average signal-to-leakage-plus-noise ratio (MASLNR) precoding. Numerical results show that the derived closed-form expressions are accurate and the DFO severely affects system performance. In order to relieve the impact of DFO, we propose an adaptive DFO compensation algorithm based on the precompensation design and beam alignment. Numerical results verify the effectiveness of the proposed DFO compensation algorithm.
Machine Learning: The Backbone of Intelligent Trade Credit-Based Systems
Authors: Shah Faiza , Liu Yumin , Anwar Aamir , Shah Yasir , Alroobaea Roobaea , Hussain Saddam , Ullah Syed Sajid
Published: March 2022

Technology has turned into a significant differentiator in the money and traditional recordkeeping systems for the financial industry. To depict two customers as potential investors, it is mandatory to give the complex innovation that they anticipate and urge to purchase. In any case, it is difficult to keep on top of and be a specialist in each of the new advancements that are accessible. By reappropriating IT administrations, monetary administrations firms can acquire prompt admittance to the most recent ability and direction. Financial systems, along with machine learning (ML) algorithms, are vital for critical concerns like secure financial transactions and automated trading. These are the key to the provision of financial decisions for investors and stakeholders for the firms which are working with the trade credit (TC) approach, in Small and Medium Industries (SMEs). Huge and very sensitive data is processed in a limited time. The trade credit is a reason for more financial gains. The impact of TC with predictive machine learning algorithms is the reason why intelligent and safe revenue generation is the main target of the proposed study. That is, the combination of financial data and technology (FinTech) domains is a potential reason for sales growth and ultimately more profit.
Spare Parts Stocking Decision Strategy and Service Logistics Cost Optimization of Two-Echelon Service Logistics System considering Multifailure Mode
Authors: Wang Ruiqi , Chen Guangyu
Published: March 2022

For the repair level and spare parts stocking decision problems, generally METRIC type methods and level of repair analysis (LORA) are used separately. In practical engineering, the repair level of large-scale systems is usually judged according to the failure modes. The method of judging the repair level by the maintenance success rate is no longer applicable. In the case of multiple failure modes of a large-scale system, considering the requirements of system availability, we build a spare parts stocking decision and service logistics cost optimization model of a two-echelon service logistics system. Aiming at the spare parts stocking allocation problem caused by multiple failure modes, we improve the iterative greedy heuristic algorithm to find the global optimal stocking allocation strategies. Finally, through the analysis of typical examples, the correctness and effectiveness of the model and algorithm are verified. The impact of multifailure mode spare parts stocking allocation strategies on availability and service logistics cost is analyzed. The research results are helpful to simplify the support engineering design process of system engineers and have certain theoretical and application value.
Validated HPLC‐UV Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin Employing Ion Pair Chromatography: Application in Formulation Development and Pharmacokinetic Studies
Authors: Saklani Ravi , Tiwari Amrendra K. , Yadav Pavan K. , Yadav Pooja , Chourasia Manish K.
Published: March 2022

Though paclitaxel (PTX) and doxorubicin (DOX) are amongst the most widely used and investigated drug pair for combination chemotherapy but surprisingly, not a single validated HPLC‐UV method is available to analyze PTX and DOX simultaneously. So, herein a HPLC‐UV method is developed and validated for the same, filling an indispensable gap in the literature. As these two moieties have characteristically different polarities, resolving them under the common chromatographic conditions is a challenging task. Herein, the principle of ion pair chromatography is utilized to resolve these two moieties on a C18 column employing an isocratic mobile phase comprised of acetonitrile and octane sulfonic acid buffer (67 : 37) and detected simultaneously at 231 nm using a UV detector only. The retention time is 4.4 and 7.2 min for PTX and DOX, respectively, with a total analysis time of less than 10 minutes, suitable for the formulation development and research, while LOQ is less than 0.066 μg/ml for both the drugs, suitable for the therapeutic drug monitoring at preclinical and clinical research setup. To substantiate the applicability of the developed method, a nanoformulation coloaded with PTX and DOX was designed and analyzed using the developed protocol. The method is also applied successfully to study the plasma kinetic profile of both the moieties simultaneously in Balb/c mice. Further, the method is validated as per the ICH guidelines fulfilling the unmet need of a validated analytical tool to simultaneously estimate PTX and DOX. Moreover, the results suggest that the principal of common ion chromatography demonstrated here can also be applied further for the simultaneous chromatographic separation of other polar and nonpolar moieties too. Consequently, the reported method surely will advance the toolset required for the precision‐based combination chemotherapy.
Risk Factors for Brain Metastasis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Lei , Guo Yongze , Zhang Hongwei , Li Hua , Wang Fei , Zhang Jiuna , Li Xiaotian
Published: March 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignancy with high mortality, especially in HCC patients with brain metastases (BMS). However, few studies have investigated the risk factors for BMS among HCC patients based on large-scale population. The study involved clinical data of 36,091 patients who met the inclusion criteria from the SEER database, from 2004 to 2016. Univariate analysis and multifactor logistics regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors affecting BMS among HCC patients. This study revealed that BMS occurred in 108 of 36,091 patients, with an incidence of 0.33%. Median survival was 7 months for patients with BMS, but 12 months for patients without BMS. Univariate analysis showed that pathological low differentiation and undifferentiation, lymph node metastasis, no surgical treatment, and no chemotherapy and radiotherapy increased risk of BMS (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis suggested that no surgical treatment and no chemotherapy or radiotherapy were independent risk factors for BMS (P < 0.001). Our findings highlighted that the independent risk factors for BMS were no surgical treatment, no chemotherapy, and no radiotherapy.
Synergistic Effect of Stereotactic Radiotherapy Combined with Karelizumab on Patients with Advanced NSCLC
Authors: Guo Jiayou , Guo Jiayi , Cheng Beibei , Sun Xingbang , Zhang Hongwei , Ma Jianxin
Published: March 2022

In this paper, synergistic effects of stereotactic radiotherapy (SRS) combined with karelizumab on the patients with advanced NSCLC have been analyzed through extensive experiments. For this purpose, 100 patients with advanced NSCLC in our hospital from December 2018 to December 2020 were selected and divided into control group and observation group. The control group was treated with SRS, while the observation group was treated with karelizumab at the same time. The data of age, gender, BMI, pathological type, and clinical stage were collected and recorded. After 3 months of treatment, the short-term efficacy of the two groups was evaluated according to RECIST solid tumor efficacy evaluation standard. Fasting venous blood of all patients before and 3 months after treatment was collected. The serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CY211), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The KPS score was used to evaluate the quality of life before and after treatment. The incidence of fatigue, diarrhea, and other adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. The patients were followed up for 3 years, and the survival of all patients was recorded. The total effective rate of the observation group was 50.00% (23/46), which was evidently higher than that (27.78% (15/54)) of the control group (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment, the parameters of CY211, MMP-9, VEGF, and CEA in the two groups were evidently lower than those before treatment, and the parameters of CY211, MMP-9, VEGF, and CEA in the observation group were evidently lower than those in the control group after treatment (

P
<
0.05

). After treatment, KPS parameters of the two groups were evidently higher than those before treatment, and KPS parameters of the observation group were evidently higher than those of the control group after treatment (

P
<
0.05

). The 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year survival rates of the observation group were 95.64% (44/46), 89.13% (41/46), and 80.43% (37/46), respectively, and the 2-year and 3-year survival rates of the observation group were evidently higher than those of the control group (

P
<
0.05

). SRS combined with karelizumab in the treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC has good curative effect, can evidently inhibit the angiogenesis and tumor growth and metastasis, can evidently improve the quality of life of patients, has a good synergistic effect, and can be widely used in clinic.
Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase- and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Family of Bacteria from Diarrheal Stool Samples in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Worku Minichil , Getie Michael , Moges Feleke , Mehari Alem Getaneh
Published: March 2022

Background. Resistance among the commensal flora is a serious threat because they are highly populated ecosystems like the gut, maybe a source of extraintestinal infections. Infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- and carbapenemase (CPM)-producing Enterobacteriaceae family of bacteria impose a major global issue because they are usually resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents. Data on the fecal ESBL- and CPM-producing group of bacteria in developing countries including Ethiopia are limited mainly due to resource constraints. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR)-, ESBL-, and CPM-producing Enterobacteriaceae family of bacteria from diarrheal stool samples at the University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Materials and Methods. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted involving a total of 384 study participants having gastrointestinal complaints from January to April 2019. A diarrheal stool sample was aseptically collected and inoculated on a MacConkey agar plate. After getting pure colonies, biochemical and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done following standard microbiological techniques. ESBL production was screened using ceftazidime and cefotaxime and confirmed using a combined disk diffusion test. Carbapenemases were screened by meropenem disk and confirmed by the modified carbapenem inactivation method. Data were checked, cleaned, and entered using Epi Info version 7.1 and transferred to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Result. A total of 404 Enterobacteriaceae groups of bacteria were isolated from 384 diarrheal stool samples. The overall prevalence of fecal MDR-, ESBL-, and CPM-producing group of Enterobacteriaceae was 196 (48.5%), 66 (16.3%), and 4 (1%), respectively. Of the total ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli (41/66 (62.1%)) and K. pneumoniae (18/66 (27.3%)) were the most predominant isolates. One half of CPE has been observed in Citrobacter species and the rest in E. coli (25%) and P. vulgaris (25%). Conclusion and Recommendation. Finding the high rate of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae and CPE requires strict infection control measures and careful selection of empirical therapy in the study area. Therefore, active surveillance with large sample size and better infection prevention control is needed.
Precoded IM-OFDM-SS for Underwater Acoustic Communication
Authors: Qasem Zeyad A. H. , Leftah Hussein A. , Sun Haixin , Esmaiel Hamada
Published: March 2022

The nature of the multipath channel and the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) are regarded as the main challenges restricting the design of a multicarrier reliable underwater acoustic (UWA) communication. This paper proposes a new scheme, precoded index modulation orthogonal frequency division modulation spread spectrum (IM-OFDM-SS), for UWA communication. The precoded IM-OFDM-SS is proposed to increase the transmission efficiency and exploit the spreading and multipath diversities and, at the same time, reduce the PAPR to achieve a reliable communication system. Two different precoders, discrete Hartley transform (DHT) and discrete cosine transform (DCT), are utilized in the proposed scheme and compared with the conventional IM-OFDM-SS scheme. Simulation and real experimental results demonstrate the outperformance of the proposed precoded IM-OFDM-SS in comparison to the conventional benchmarks in terms of PAPR and bit error rate (BER) performance.
Changes in Retinal Vessel Flow after Small Incision Lenticule Extraction
Authors: Tan Qian , Zhu Minyi , Du Fangfang , Jiang Xianming , Huang Xiaoshan , Chen Jingfang , Peng Hongjun , Wang Danyang
Published: March 2022

Objective. In order to analyze changes in retinal vessel flow after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE). Methods. A total of 32 patients (62 eyes) who underwent SMILE were enrolled in this prospective study. Optical parameters, including vessel density (VD), and perfusion density (PD) of foveal, parafoveal, and perifoveal regions, respectively, were measured before surgery and at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperation. Preoperative parameters and surgical parameters were recorded. Results. Significant decreases in VD and PD on postoperative day 1 were detected in all quadrants, both in 3 mm and in 6 mm regions (

P
<
0.001

). One month after surgery, VD returned to preoperative levels. None of the preoperative and surgical parameters were significantly correlated with the VD and PD fluctuations (all

P
>
0.05

). Conclusion. VD may decrease significantly with regional disparity 1 day after SMILE while recovering at 1 month. Elevation of intraocular pressure due to suction may account for such changes.
A Data Management Model for Intelligent Water Project Construction Based on Blockchain
Authors: Wang Zhoukai , Wang Kening , Wang Yichuan , Wen Zheng
Published: March 2022

The engineering construction-related data is essential for evaluating and tracing project quality in industry 4.0. Specifically, the preservation of the information is of great significance to the safety of intelligent water projects. This paper proposes a blockchain-based data management model for intelligent water projects to achieve standardization management and long-term preservation of archives. Based on studying the concrete production process in water conservancy project construction, we first build a behavioral model and the corresponding role assignment strategy to describe the standardized production process. Then, a distributed blockchain data structure for storing the production-related files is designed according to the model and strategy. In addition, to provide trust repository and transfer on the construction data, an intelligent keyless signature based on edge computing is employed to manage the data’s entry, modification, and approval. Finally, standardized and secure information is uploaded onto the blockchain to supervise intelligent water project construction quality and safety effectively. The experiments showed that the proposed model reduced the time and labor cost when generating the production data and ensured the security and traceability of the electronic archiving of the documents. Blockchain and intelligent keyless signatures jointly provide new data sharing and trading methods in intelligent water systems.
On Complex Dynamics of Differentiated Products: Cournot Duopoly Model under Average Profit Maximization
Authors: Askar S.S.
Published: March 2022

In this paper, some important dynamic characteristics such as multistability and synchronization phenomena are investigated for a game of an economic Cournot duopoly whose time evolution is received by the iteration of a noninvertible map in the plane. In the asymmetric case, the equilibrium points of game’s map are calculated, and their stability conditions are obtained. The obtained results show that the Nash equilibrium point loses its stability through flip bifurcation. Under some restrictions, the map’s coordinate axes form an invariant manifold, and hence their dynamics are studied based on a one‐dimensional discrete dynamic map. In the symmetric case where both firms are identical, the map has the property of symmetry, and this implies that the diagonal q1 = q2 forms an invariant manifold and therefore synchronization phenomena occur. Global analysis of the behavior of the noninvertible map is carried out through studying critical manifolds of the map that categorize it as Z4 − Z2 − Z0 type. Furthermore, global bifurcation of the basins of attraction is confirmed through contact between the critical curves and the boundaries of escaping domain.
A Summary of Security Techniques-Based Blockchain in IoV
Authors: Chen Chen , Quan Shi
Published: March 2022

With the rapid development of the informatization and industrialization of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), the number and application of connected vehicles are growing rapidly. The safety problem is related to the property and life of human beings, which has attracted extensive attention from academic and industrial circles. Based on the study of high-quality literature published in the past decade and other high-level research works, this paper first analyzes the forms of attack against the Internet of Vehicles from the two aspects of attack mode and target. Then, it summarizes the existing blockchain-based system framework of the Internet of Vehicles (BIoV) and then discusses the security solutions of blockchain-based vehicles from the aspects of authentication, privacy, trust management, access control, and so on, to support the distributed system architecture and solve the security challenges of the Internet of Vehicles. Finally, the technical difficulties and the direction of further research of BIoV are summarized.
Deep Learning Model-Based Machine Learning for Chinese and Japanese Translation
Authors: Wang Qiang , Wang Hongfeng
Published: March 2022

This paper takes deep learning as the background of researcher design, combines the relevant cutting-edge research results in recent years, addresses the linguistic characteristics of Japanese and the problems faced by completing Japanese machine translation system, and determines the neural network structure of encoding-decoding for Japanese translation based on the characteristics of high similarity between Japanese and Chinese and after referring to the neural network architecture of English translation, and the basic structure and the corresponding improvement of the hidden layer unit calculation are carried out. The training model is optimized and an integrated Japanese machine translation system is implemented. Finally, the translation models of Japanese and Chinese intertranslation and Japanese and Chinese intertranslation are tested, and the optimal model fusion achieves a BLEU value of 39.52.
[Retracted] Data Analysis and Processing Application of Deep Learning in Engineering Cost Teaching Evaluation
Authors: He Xiang , Fu Shuzhe
Published: March 2022

Based on the poor quality of engineering cost teaching, this paper puts forward the application method of in‐depth learning in engineering cost teaching evaluation. This study aims to construct the engineering cost teaching evaluation system, optimize the engineering cost teaching evaluation algorithm combined with the in‐depth learning method, standardize the evaluation index of the engineering cost teaching system, and realize the research goal of engineering cost teaching evaluation. Finally, the experiment proves that the application effect of in‐depth learning in engineering cost teaching evaluation is obviously better, which can better guide the quality of engineering cost teaching.
Evaluation of the Online Music Flipped Classroom under Artificial Intelligence and Wireless Networks
Authors: Tan Meng , Cao Yiheng
Published: March 2022

The study aims to explore the online music flipped classrooms based on artificial intelligence (AI) and wireless networks. A backpropagation neural network (BPNN) algorithm optimized by the genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to evaluate the teaching quality of music flipped classrooms and analyze the problems in the current teaching mode. First, an evaluation index system is established for online music flipped classrooms; second, a questionnaire is designed according to the index system. After the data are collected, the GA-BPNN evaluation model is used to evaluate the teaching quality of the music flipped classrooms. Finally, the model’s performance is evaluated based on the forecast accuracy compared with the model implemented only by the BPNN. The simulation results show that the GA-BPNN evaluation model can effectively evaluate the teaching quality of flipped classrooms, and the evaluation results are objective and accurate. The model overcomes the shortcomings of traditional evaluation methods. The study has great practical significance and provides a basis for improving the teaching quality of online flipped classrooms.
Alloreactivity of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells and Other Cellular Therapies: A Concise Review
Authors: Shah Kiran , Shah Nirali , Ghassemi Fatameh , Ly Carolyn , George Teena , Lutz Carla , Sumer Huseyin
Published: March 2022

Cellular therapies, deemed live medicine, have brought a wave of new generation biological therapies to treat previously untreatable diseases such as cancers and degenerative diseases like osteoarthritis. These cellular therapies have gained significant recognition in clinical research. The area has been further strengthened with the approval of Chimeric Antigen Receptor added on T cells (CAR-T) therapies by the regulatory authorities USA’s Food and Drugs Administration (FDA), European Medical Agency (EMA), the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA), and in many countries in 2017 to treat hematological cancers. Another milestone was achieved when allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cell- (MSC-) based therapy was approved by the EMA to treat Chrohn’s disease in 2018. Allogeneic donor-derived MSC therapies in particular hold great promise and real hope because of their ‘off-the shelf’ availability and accessibility for patients in need of urgent treatment. So far, thousands of clinical trials have explored the safety and efficacy of both autologous and allogeneic cell therapies, deeming them safe, however with varying degrees of efficacy. In the current pandemic, clinical trials have begun in many parts of the world to treat severe cases of COVID with MSCs. However, the risk of tissue rejection and the development of undesirable effects due to alloreactivity of allogeneic cells are currently not adequately addressed. Therefore, this warrants careful investigation and detailed reporting of such events by clinical researchers. This review aims at discussing the current landscape of approved allogeneic MSCs along with a few other cellular therapies. We explore any possible reactivity reported to inform the readers of any safety concern and on the efficacy of such therapies.
Nonlinear Lamb Wave for Structural Incipient Defect Detection with Sequential Probabilistic Ratio Test
Authors: Chen Hanxin , Liu Mingming , Chen Yongting , Li Shaoyi , Miao Yuzhuo
Published: March 2022

The incipient defect is difficult to be identified by ultrasonic signal analysis. The nonlinear ultrasonic method based on the nonlinear Lamb wave principle is proposed by establishing a nonlinear Lamb wave ultrasonic inspection platform. The optimal Lamb wave parameters are obtained for the incipient fatigue material defects. The aluminum alloy board with 3 mm thickness under the different fatigue tensile cycles is tested. The nonlinear ultrasonic signals are analyzed to obtain second harmonic signals. The intelligent diagnosis method for incipient material degrade is proposed based on the Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT). The sequential probabilistic ratio test (SPRT) algorithm is carried out to classify and identify the second harmonics of four different fatigue damages. The results show that the method about with nonlinear Lamb wave analysis with SPRT is effective and reliable for the incipient material microdefect degradation.
Application of Traditional Architectural Decoration Elements in Modern Interior Design Based on 3D Virtual Imaging
Authors: Nie Junyi
Published: March 2022

China’s long history has produced magnificent culture, and Chinese traditional architecture, as a separate development system, has a long history and distinct style. With the gradual rise of “modern Chinese style” in recent years, architects have been constantly exploring and excavating the rich in humanistic connotation residential space form of traditional folk houses in order to adapt it to the contemporary residential life mode. Human civilization is accompanied by living behavior, and the ideal of living environment is destined to evolve in tandem with human civilization. In recent months, more and more 3D virtual technologies, such as e-commerce, interactive communities, and web games, have appeared in the Internet and construction industry as a result of the advancement of modern network technology. People are attempting to rely on computer networks and virtual reality technology to create a more diverse space environment and enjoy the virtual world’s colorful visual feast. The study of how to quickly construct a 3D scene has proven to be very fruitful.
Cardiac Dysfunction Promotes Cancer Progression via Multiple Secreted Factors
Authors: Awwad Lama , Aronheim Ami
Published: March 2022

Heart failure and cancer are the leading cause of deaths worldwide. While heart failure and cancer have been considered separate diseases, it is becoming evident that they are highly connected and affect each other's outcomes. Recent studies using experimental mouse models have suggested that heart failure promotes tumor progression. The mouse models used involve major irreversible surgery. Here, we induced heart hypertrophy via expression of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in cardiomyocytes, followed by cancer cells’ implantation. Tumors developing in ATF3-transgenic mice grew larger and displayed a more highly metastatic phenotype compared with tumors in wild-type mice. To address whether ATF3 expression or the cardiac outcome are necessary for tumor progression, ATF3 expression was turned off after cardiac hypertrophy development followed by cancer cell implantation. The tumor promotion phenotype and the enhancement of metastatic properties were preserved, suggesting that the failing heart per se is sufficient to promote tumor progression. Serum derived from ATF3-transgenic mice enhanced cancer cell proliferation and increased cancer cell metastatic properties in vitro. Using a cytokine array panel, multiple factors responsible for promoting tumor cell proliferation and the metastatic phenotype were identified. Interestingly, the failing heart and the tumor separately and simultaneously contributed to higher levels of these factors in the serum as well as other tissues and organs. These data suggest the existence of intimate cross-talk between the hypertrophied heart and the tumor that is mediated by secreted factors, leading to cancer promotion and disease deterioration.

Significance:

This work highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of heart failure prior to reaching the irreversible stage that can exacerbate cancer progression.
Patients Recently Treated for B-lymphoid Malignancies Show Increased Risk of Severe COVID-19
Authors: Rubinstein Samuel M. , Bhutani Divaya , Lynch Ryan C. , Hsu Chih-Yuan , Shyr Yu , Advani Shailesh , Mesa Ruben A. , Mishra Sanjay , Mundt Daniel P. , Shah Dimpy P. , Sica R. Alejandro , Stockerl-Goldstein Keith E. , Stratton Catherine , Weiss Matthias , Beeghly-Fadiel Alicia , Accordino Melissa , Assouline Sarit E. , Awosika Joy , Bakouny Ziad , Bashir Babar , Berg Stephanie , Bilen Mehmet Asim , Castellano Cecilia A. , Cogan Jacob C. , KC Devendra , Friese Christopher R. , Gupta Shilpa , Hausrath Daniel , Hwang Clara , Johnson Nathalie A. , Joshi Monika , Kasi Anup , Klein Elizabeth J. , Koshkin Vadim S. , Kuderer Nicole M. , Kwon Daniel H. , Labaki Chris , Latif Tahir , Lau Eric , Li Xuanyi , Lyman Gary H. , McKay Rana R. , Nagaraj Gayathri , Nizam Amanda , Nonato Taylor K. , Olszewski Adam J. , Polimera Hyma V. , Portuguese Andrew J. , Puc Matthew M. , Razavi Pedram , Rosovski Rachel , Schmidt Andrew , Shah Sumit A. , Shastri Aditi , Su Christopher , Torka Pallawi , Wise-Draper Trisha M. , Zubiri Leyre , Warner Jeremy L. , Thompson Michael A. ,   for the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium
Published: March 2022

Patients with B-lymphoid malignancies have been consistently identified as a population at high risk of severe COVID-19. Whether this is exclusively due to cancer-related deficits in humoral and cellular immunity, or whether risk of severe COVID-19 is increased by anticancer therapy, is uncertain. Using data derived from the COVID-19 and Cancer Consortium (CCC19), we show that patients treated for B-lymphoid malignancies have an increased risk of severe COVID-19 compared with control populations of patients with non–B-lymphoid malignancies. Among patients with B-lymphoid malignancies, those who received anticancer therapy within 12 months of COVID-19 diagnosis experienced increased COVID-19 severity compared with patients with non–recently treated B-lymphoid malignancies, after adjustment for cancer status and several other prognostic factors. Our findings suggest that patients recently treated for a B-lymphoid malignancy are at uniquely high risk for severe COVID-19.

Significance:

Our study suggests that recent therapy for a B-lymphoid malignancy is an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity. These findings provide rationale to develop mitigation strategies targeted at the uniquely high-risk population of patients with recently treated B-lymphoid malignancies.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 171
Use of Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Polymicrobial Urine Culture before Urological Surgery: A Pilot Study
Authors: Wandoren William , Roger Pierre-Marie , Blanchet Pascal , Brureau Laurent
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Preoperative polymicrobial urine cultures are common, but the associated risk of nosocomial infection is currently unknown. We aimed to analyze the risk of postoperative infection in patients with preoperative polymicrobial urine cultures. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study conducted from November 2018 to October 2020. Polymicrobial urine cultures were defined by at least the presence of 3 bacteria without leukocyturia threshold on two consecutive samples in the month preceding the surgical procedure. Data on postoperative infections were collected during hospitalization until day 30. A postoperative infection was defined by the occurrence of clinical signs (fever, chills, and suppurated process on the surgical site) associated with the prescription of an antibiotic therapy. Results: Sixty-eight patients were included, and seven developed a postoperative infection with a microbe identified in blood or urine cultures. There was a significant association between leukocyturia ≥104 (p = 0.02) and the administration of intraoperative antibiotic prophylaxis (p < 0.001). In contrast, there was no significant association between postoperative infections for patients with polymicrobial preoperative urine cultures and having received or not an empirical antibiotic therapy. Conclusion: The rate of postoperative infection in patients with polymicrobial urine culture before urological procedure was 10.2%. Further studies are needed to assess the antibiotic prophylaxis to be used in this situation.
Clinical Assessment of Continuous Hemodialysis with the Medium Cutoff EMiC®2 Membrane in Patients with Septic Shock
Authors: Ferrari Fiorenza , Husain-Syed Faeq , Milla Paola , Lorenzin Anna , Scudeller Luigia , Sartori Marco , Gramaticopolo Silvia , D’Auria Luigi , Guglielmi Angelo , Cornara Pietro , De Rosa Silvia , Zanella Monica , Corradi Valentina , De Cal Massimo , Danzi Vinicio , Giavarina Davide , Brendolan Alessandra , Mojoli Francesco , Arpicco Silvia , Ronco Claudio
Published: March 2022

Introduction: At the time of renal replacement therapy, approximately 20% of critically ill patients have septic shock. In this study, medium cutoff (MCO) continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD) was compared to high-flux membrane continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) in terms of hemodynamic improvement, efficiency, middle molecule removal, and inflammatory system activation. Methods: This is a monocenter crossover randomized study. Between December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2019, 20 patients with septic shock and stage 3 acute kidney injury (AKI) admitted to 2 Italian ICUs were enrolled. All patients underwent CVVHD with Ultraflux® EMiC®2 and CVVHDF with AV1000S® without washout. Each treatment lasted 24 h. Results: Compared to AV1000S®-CVVHDF, EMIC®2-CVVHD normalized cardiac index (β = −0.64; p = 0.02) and heart rate (β = 5.72; p = 0.01). Interleukin-8 and myeloperoxidase removal were greater with AV1000S®-CVVHDF than with EMiC®2-CVVHD (β = 0.35; p < 0.001; β = 0.43; p = 0.03, respectively). Leukocytosis improved over 24 h in EMiC®2-CVVHD-treated patients (β = 4.13; p = 0.03), whereas procalcitonin levels decreased regardless of the modality (β = 0.89; p = 0.01) over a 48-h treatment period. Reduction rates, instantaneous plasmatic clearance of urea, creatinine, and β2-microglobulin were similar across modalities. β2-Microglobulin removal efficacy was greater in the EMiC®2 group (β = 0–2.88; p = 0.002), while albumin levels did not differ. Albumin was undetectable in the effluent in both treatments. Discussion: In patients with septic shock and severe AKI, the efficacy of uremic toxin removal was comparable between MCO-CVVHD and CVVHDF. Further, MCO-CVVHD was associated with improved hemodynamics. Fraction of filtration and transmembrane pressure reduction and the maintenance of equal efficacy might be the key features of CVVHD with MCO membranes in critically ill patients.
Brain Outcomes in Runted Piglets: A Translational Model of Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Chand Kirat K. , Pannek Kerstin , Colditz Paul B. , Wixey Julie A.
Published: March 2022

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with long-term neurodevelopmental disabilities including learning and behavioral disorders, autism, and cerebral palsy. Persistent changes in brain structure and function that are associated with developmental disabilities are demonstrated in FGR neonates. However, the mechanisms underlying these changes remain to be determined. There are currently no therapeutic interventions available to protect the FGR newborn brain. With the wide range of long-term neurodevelopmental disorders associated with FGR, the use of an animal model appropriate to investigating mechanisms of injury in the FGR newborn is crucial for the development of effective and targeted therapies for babies. Piglets are ideal animals to explore how perinatal insults affect brain structure and function. FGR occurs spontaneously in the piglet, unlike other animal models that require surgical or chemical intervention, allowing brain outcomes to be studied without the confounding impacts of experimental interventions. The FGR piglet mimics many of the human pathophysiological outcomes associated with FGR including asymmetrical growth restriction with brain sparing. This review will discuss the similarities observed in brain outcomes between the FGR human and FGR piglet from a magnetic resonance imaging in the living and a histological perspective. FGR piglet studies provide the opportunity to determine and track mechanisms of brain injury in a clinically relevant animal model of FGR. Findings from these FGR piglet studies may provide critical information to rapidly translate neuroprotective interventions to clinic to improve outcomes for newborn babies.
Switching to Weekly Lonapegsomatropin from Daily Somatropin in Children with Growth Hormone Deficiency: The fliGHt Trial
Authors: Maniatis Aristides K. , Nadgir Ulhas , Saenger Paul , Reifschneider Kent L. , Abuzzahab Jennifer , Deeb Larry , Fox Larry A. , Woods Katie A. , Song Wenjie , Mao Meng , Chessler Steven D. , Komirenko Allison S. , Shu Aimee D. , Casella Samuel J. , Thornton Paul S.
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The phase 3 fliGHt Trial evaluated the safety and tolerability of once-weekly lonapegsomatropin, a long-acting prodrug, in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) who switched from daily somatropin therapy to lonapegsomatropin. Methods: This multicenter, open-label, 26-week phase 3 trial took place at 28 sites across 4 countries (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the USA). The trial enrolled 146 children with GHD, 143 of which were previously treated with daily somatropin. All subjects received once-weekly lonapegsomatropin 0.24 mg human growth hormone/kg/week. The primary outcome measure was safety and tolerability of lonapegsomatropin over 26 weeks. Secondary outcome measures assessed annualized height velocity (AHV), height standard deviation score (SDS), and IGF-1 SDS at 26 weeks. Results: Subjects had a mean prior daily somatropin dose of 0.29 mg/kg/week. Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) reported were similar to the published AE profile of daily somatropin therapies. After switching to lonapegsomatropin, the least-squares mean (LSM) AHV was 8.7 cm/year (95% CI: 8.2, 9.2) at Week 26 and LSM height SDS changed from baseline to Week 26 of +0.25 (95% CI: 0.21, 0.29). Among switch subjects, the LSM for average IGF-1 SDS was sustained at Weeks 13 and 26, representing an approximate 0.7 increase from baseline (prior to switching from daily somatropin therapy). Patient-reported outcomes indicated a preference for weekly lonapegsomatropin among both children and their parents. Conclusions: Lonapegsomatropin treatment outcomes were as expected across a range of ages and treatment experiences. Switching to lonapegsomatropin resulted in a similar AE profile to daily somatropin therapy.
Umberto Baldini, Ornella Casazza e Alessandro Conti: a obra de arte e sua existência no tempo
Authors: Parisi João Guilherme
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo pretende apresentar a teoria de conservação-restauração de Umberto Baldini e Ornella Casazza através de seus questionamentos no que tange à existência das obras de arte no tempo, sua realidade secular-histórica e como não as suprimir no processo de restauração, mantendo visível ao público o seu aspecto arqueológico. Ao mesmo tempo, o artigo visa introduzir o trabalho intelectual do historiador de arte Alessandro Conti, cuja contribuição é a proposição de uma nova História da arte, baseada na sobrevida das obras de arte (sua conservação, destruição ou alterações físicas), doravante propondo um diálogo interdisciplinar entre as áreas para melhor compreender as potencialidades do reconhecimento da esfera arqueológica, contextualizando a discussão também no cenário nacional.
Confiabilidade da baropodometria na avaliação do equilíbrio de indivíduos com deficiência visual
Authors: Machado Gabriela Gonçalves , Oliveira Nuno Miguel Lopes de
Published: March 2022

Individuals with visual impairment may have balance deficits and there are several methods capable of evaluating it, and baropodometry is an expanding method, but with a lack of studies that address its psychometric measures and standardized assessments. Objective: To assess the relative and absolute reliability of baropodometry in a balance assessment protocol for visually impaired people. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional study, with 38, of both sexes, with and without a diagnosis of visual impairment, were included in three groups: control group (CG) (n= 13) composed of individuals without visual impairment, low vision group (LVG) (n= 15), blindness group (BG) (n= 10) and subsequently the LVG and BG were joined, making up the group visual impairment (VIG) (n= 25). To evaluate the reliability of baropodometry, the test and retest method was used, with an interval of seven days. The individuals were evaluated in three conditions, support bipedal, right unipodal support and left unipodal support considering the variables area, amplitude and mean anteroposterior and laterolateral speed. For relative reliability, the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was used and for absolute reliability the standard error of measurement (SEM). Results: Regarding the relative reliability, the ICCs of the baropodometry variables varied from low to very high in all groups, with better reliability in the conditions of unipodal supports and a higher index in the BG. In absolute reliability, 14 variables showed good reliability. Conclusion: Baropodometry is a reliable method, however, care must be taken when choosing the position and the variable to be analyzed.
Validade e confiabilidade da versão brasileira da Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales - Revised (TAPES-R)
Authors: Gutierres Filho Paulo José Barbosa , Silva Diego Rodrigues Pimentel da , Pires Greicy Kelly Wosniak , Luza Lisiane Piazza , Ferreira Elizandra Gonçalves , Da Silva Franciele Cascaes , Fernandes Jorge Manuel Gomes de Azevedo , Da Silva Rudney
Published: March 2022

Objective: Evaluate the validity and reliability of the Brazilian version of TAPES-R in people with lower limb amputation. Method: 102 people with lower limb amputation who used a prosthesis participated in this cross-sectional study. The psychometric properties (concurrent validity, degree of agreement (Kappa Index) and intra and interobserver reliability (ICC), in addition to the internal consistency of the items by Cronbach's alpha) of the Brazilian version of TAPES-R were evaluated. To assess concurrent validity, the Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ) was used. Results: TAPES-R was correlated with PEQ, except for the subscales of social and generaladjustment. The inter-observer ICC ranged from 0.38 to 0.88 in part 1 and from 0.27 to 0.88 in part 2, whereas the intra-observer ICC ranged from 0.63 to 0.83 in part 1 and 0.27 to 0.79 in part 2. The Kappa index varied from 0.18 to 0.66 in the inter-observer analysis and from 0.25 to 0.69 in the intra-observer analysis. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.75 to 0.89. Conclusion: The evaluation of psychometric properties allows us to verify that a TAPES-R is valid, reliable and has a good internal consistency to be applied to Brazilian adults with lower limb amputations.