bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease 1 on human pulp cells in vitro and rat pulp tissue in vivo
Authors: Okamoto M. , Takahashi Y. , Komichi S. , Ali M. , Watanabe M. , Hayashi M.
Published: February 2019

Aim

To evaluate the dentinogenetic effects of tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease (TIMP1) on human pulp cells in vitro and rat pulp tissue in vivo.

Methodology

The effect of TIMP1 on pulp cell functions related to hard tissue formation as part of the wound healing process (i.e. biocompatibility, proliferation, differentiation and mineralized nodule formation) was evaluated in vitro and using a direct pulp capping experimental animal model in vivo. The effects of different‐sized cavity preparations on hard tissue formation induced by ProRoot MTA at 2 weeks were evaluated using micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT). Tertiary dentine formation quality and quantity after pulp capping using TIMP1, ProRoot MTA and phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) was also evaluated after 4 weeks using micro‐CT in term of dentine volume (DV), dentine mineral density (DVD) and histological analysis. The data were evaluated by Student's t‐test, one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test, the Kruskal–Wallis test or the Steel–Dwass test. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results

TIMP1 significantly stimulated dental pulp stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization and was more biocompatible compared with the PBS control (P < 0.05). In the pulp capping model, the amount of tertiary dentine that formed was directly proportional to the size of the pulp exposure; greater amounts of tertiary dentine were observed in pulps with larger exposures after 2 weeks. 4‐week samples of TIMP1 and ProRoot MTA had similar characteristics, but both sample significantly induced tertiary dentine formation beneath the cavity compared with PBS (P <  0.05) under standardized cavity preparations.

Conclusions

TIMP1 has an important role in pulpal wound healing, which makes it a potential biological pulp capping material and candidate molecule for regenerative endodontic therapy.
Predictors of victimization among youth who are overweight in a national sample
Authors: Nabors Laura , Odar Stough Cathy , Garr Katlyn , Merianos Ashley
Published: February 2019

Objectives

The current cross‐sectional study examined whether children who are overweight experience greater levels of parent‐reported bullying behaviors and victimization using a national sample. Additionally, the relations among child (mental health), family (parent‐child sharing of information), and contextual factors (neighborhood safety, school engagement) and risk of victimization in children who are overweight were assessed.

Methods

Caregivers provided data via the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health. A series of multinomial logistic regressions were conducted with the subsample of children aged 10 to 17 years (N = 26 094).

Results

Youth who were overweight were more likely to be victimized, but not more likely to bully. Being engaged in school and neighborhood safety were protective factors among youth who were overweight, while living in families where information is shared and difficulty making friends were risk factors.

Conclusions

Children who were overweight were more likely to be victims, rather than perpetrators, of bullying. Health professionals should assess family and contextual factors in relation to victimization status when developing interventions.
Secreted frizzled‐related protein 5 serum levels in human periodontitis—A nested case–control study
Authors: Schulz Juliane , Knappe Carina , Graetz Christian , Mewes Louisa , Türk Kathrin , Black Anna K. , Lieb Wolfgang , Schäfer Arne S. , Fawzy El‐Sayed Karim M. , Dörfer Christof E. , Schreiber Stefan , Laudes Matthias , Schulte Dominik M.
Published: February 2019

Aim

Recombinant secreted frizzled‐related protein 5 (sFRP5) improved periodontal status in mice. Thus, this study aimed to investigate this finding in human periodontitis using an epidemiological approach.

Materials and Methods

sFRP5 and wnt5a concentrations were determined in human serum from the Food Chain Plus cohort using ELISAs. A total of 128 patients with periodontitis and tooth loss and 245 patients with periodontitis without tooth loss were compared to 373 sex‐, smoker‐, age‐ and BMI‐matched individuals in a nested case–control design.

Results

Systemic sFRP5 serum levels were significantly lower in patients with periodontitis and tooth loss (2.5 [0.0–10.4] ng/ml, median [IQR]) compared to patients with periodontitis without tooth loss (6.0 [2.5–15.8] ng/ml, median [IQR], p = 0.04] and matched controls (7.0 [2.5–18.3] ng/ml, median [IQR], p = 0.02). No significant differences in sFRP5 serum levels were found among patients with periodontitis without tooth loss (6.0 [2.5–15.8] ng/ml, median [IQR]) and controls (3.1 [0.0–10.6] ng/ml, median [IQR], p = 0.06).

Conclusions

sFRP5 might serve as a novel biomarker for periodontitis severity. Modulating the inflammatory background of severe forms of periodontitis, in the time of precision medicine, needs to be revealed in further studies.
JAK inhibitors for alopecia areata: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Phan K. , Sebaratnam D.F.
Published: February 2019

There have been a number of case reports and small clinical trials reporting promising outcomes of Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors tofacitinib, ruxolitinib and baricitinib for alopecia areata (AA). The majority of the literature to date is based on small volume data, with a lack of definitive evidence or guidelines. To determine the expected response of AA to JAK inhibitor therapy and factors which influence response and recurrence rates. A systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. From 30 studies and 289 cases, there were 72.4% responders, good responders 45.7% and partial responders 21.4%. Mean time to initial hair growth was 2.2 ± 6.7 months, and time to complete hair regrowth was 6.7 ± 2.2 months. All 37 recurrences occurred when treatment was ceased after 2.7 months. Oral route was significantly associated with response to treatment compared to topical therapy. No difference was found between paediatric and adult cases in proportion of responses. There is promising low‐quality evidence regarding the effectiveness of JAK inhibitors in AA. Future large‐sized randomized studies are required to confirm findings.
Assemblage structure, vertical distributions and stable‐isotope compositions of anguilliform leptocephali in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Quattrini Andrea M. , McClain‐Counts Jennifer , Artabane Stephen J. , Roa‐Varón Adela , McIver Tara C. , Rhode Michael , Ross Steve W.
Published: February 2019

In August 2007, October 2008 and September–October 2010, 241 Tucker trawl and plankton net tows were conducted at the surface to depths of 1377 m at six locations in the northern and eastern Gulf of Mexico (GOM) to document leptocephalus diversity and determine how assemblage structure, larval size, abundance and isotopic signatures differ across the region and with depth. Overall, 2696 leptocephali representing 59 distinct taxa from 10 families were collected. Five families accounted for 96% of the total catch with Congridae and Ophichthidae being the most abundant. The top four most abundant species composed 59% of the total catch and included: Ariosoma balearicum, Paraconger caudilimbatus, Rhynchoconger flavus and Ophichthus gomesii. Four anguilliform species not previously documented in the GOM as adults or leptocephali were collected in this study, including Monopenchelys acuta, Quassiremus ascensionis, Saurenchelys stylura and one leptocephalus only known from its larval stage, Leptocephalus proboscideus. Leptocephalus catches were significantly greater at night than during the day. Catches at night were concentrated in the upper 200 m of the water column and significantly declined with increasing depth. Leptocephali abundances and assemblages were significantly different between sites on the upper continental slope (c. 500 m depth) and sites on the middle to lower continental slope (c. 1500–2300 m). Sites on the lower continental slope had a mixture of deep‐sea demersal, bathypelagic and coastal species, whereas upper‐slope sites contained several numerically dominant species (e.g., A. balearicum, P. caudilimbatus) that probably spawn over the continental shelf and upper slope of the GOM. Standard lengths of the four dominant species differed between sites and years, indicating heterochronic reproduction and potential larval source pools within and outside of the GOM. Stable‐isotope analyses (δ13C and δ15N) conducted on 185 specimens from six families revealed that leptocephali had a wide range of isotopic values at the family and size‐class levels. Species in the families Muraenidae, Congridae and Ophichthidae had similar δ15N values compared with the broad range of δ15N values seen in the deep‐sea families Nemichthyidae, Nettastomatidae and Synaphobranchidae. Stable‐isotope values were variably related to length, with δ15N values being positively size correlated in ophichthids and δ13C values being negatively size correlated in A. balearicum and P. caudilimbatus. Results suggest that leptocephali feed in various water depths and masses, and on different components of POM, which could lead to niche partitioning. Ecological aspects of these important members of the plankton community provide insight into larval connectivity in the GOM as well as the early life history of Anguilliformes.
Plant peroxisomal solute transporter proteins
Authors: Charton Lennart , Plett Anastasija , Linka Nicole
Published: February 2019

Plant peroxisomes are unique subcellular organelles which play an indispensable role in several key metabolic pathways, including fatty acid β‐oxidation, photorespiration, and degradation of reactive oxygen species. The compartmentalization of metabolic pathways into peroxisomes is a strategy for organizing the metabolic network and improving pathway efficiency. An important prerequisite, however, is the exchange of metabolites between peroxisomes and other cell compartments. Since the first studies in the 1970s scientists contributed to understanding how solutes enter or leave this organelle. This review gives an overview about our current knowledge of the solute permeability of peroxisomal membranes described in plants, yeast, mammals and other eukaryotes. In general, peroxisomes contain in their bilayer membrane specific transporters for hydrophobic fatty acids (ABC transporter) and large cofactor molecules (carrier for ATP, NAD and CoA). Smaller solutes with molecular masses below 300–400 Da, like the organic acids malate, oxaloacetate, and 2‐oxoglutarate, are shuttled via non‐selective channels across the peroxisomal membrane. In comparison to yeast, human, mammals and other eukaryotes, the function of these known peroxisomal transporters and channels in plants are discussed in this review.
Publication Productivity of Nursing Faculty in Selected Schools of Nursing Across the United States
Authors: Broome Marion E. , Oermann Marilyn H. , Douglas Christian E. , Simmons Denise F. , Woodward Amanda
Published: February 2019

Purpose

Faculty productivity related to research and scholarship is assessed in schools of nursing throughout the world. The purpose of this study was to examine the publication productivity of nursing faculty at each academic rank and in both tenure and nontenure tracks in selected schools of nursing across the United States.

Design

This was a descriptive study of publications and the h‐index of nursing faculty.

Methods

Publication and citation data and the h‐index for faculty (N = 1,354) in 18 schools of nursing were obtained from the Scopus database.

Findings

Overall, the number of publications and citations and the h‐index of faculty increased at higher academic ranks. The median number of publications for tenure track faculty was 13 for assistant professors, 33 for associate professors, and 81 for full professors. Citation medians ranged from 80.5 for assistant professors, to 378 for associate professors, to 1,401 for full professors. The median h‐index was 4 for assistant professors, 10 for associate professors, and 20 for full professors. Significant differences were found across academic ranks and between tenure and nontenure track faculty.

Conclusions

The findings provide the first documentation of scholarly productivity of nursing faculty, as measured by number of publications and citations and by h‐index, across schools of nursing in the United States.

Clinical Relevance

These findings can be used as benchmarks by appointment, promotion, and tenure committees and by faculty for self‐assessment.
Exposure to Neoliberalism Increases Resentment of the Elite via Feelings of Anomie and Negative Psychological Reactions
Authors: Hartwich Lea , Becker Julia C.
Published: February 2019

For several decades now, neoliberalism has been the dominant economic and political ideology throughout large parts of the world. In many places, its rise has gone hand in hand with growing social inequality and a cultural emphasis on individualism and competition. Lately, concerns are being raised about the effects of these developments on politics and societies. The renewed rise of populism in Europe, the United States, and other countries has been attributed to economic insecurity among the working and middle classes by politicians, journalists, and academics alike. Similarly, the spread of nationalist and anti‐immigration sentiments is frequently interpreted as a result of fears over job security and perceived competition in a hostile economic climate. We examined the effect of neoliberalism on two types of prejudice (anti‐elitism and anti‐immigrant prejudice) across two studies in Germany (N = 198) and the UK (N = 173). Results show that priming neoliberalism leads to higher levels of anti‐elitism but not anti‐immigrant prejudice and that this effect is mediated by anomie and negative psychological reactions (feelings of threat, unfairness, and hopelessness). Thus, our research suggests that while neoliberalism is linked to lower social cohesion and increased outgroup derogation, this is not primarily directed against disadvantaged social groups but against those at the top.
No Benefit of Eye‐Closure Rehearsal in a Unimodal Recognition Memory Test for Word Items
Authors: Uchiyama Tomomi , Mitsudo Hiroyuki
Published: February 2019

Recent studies have suggested that closing the eyes helps memory retrieval in recall tests for audiovisual clips that contain multimodal information. In two experiments, we examined whether eye‐closure improves recognition memory performance for word lists presented unimodally (i.e., visually or aurally). In the encoding phase, participants saw or heard a list of unrelated, meaningful word items. After a fixed retention interval of 1 week (Experiment 1, n = 110) and 5 min (Experiment 2, n = 44), the participants were asked to mentally rehearse the items with their eyes open or closed, and then they performed a recognition test. The results revealed no effect of eye‐closure rehearsal on recognition performance. We discuss the possible reasons why no eye‐closure benefit was found in recognition memory tests for unrelated word items.
Evolution of trichome types and its systematic significance in the genus Phlomoides (Lamioideae–Lamiaceae)
Authors: Eyvazadeh Khosroshahi Elmira , Salmaki Yasaman
Published: February 2019

Despite a number of recent molecular phylogenetic studies on Phlomoides, in terms of trichome morphology the genus is still among the most poorly studied taxa in the family Lamiaceae. In order to test the utility of trichome characters for delimitation of sections, subsection and species of Phlomoides, we examined trichomes of 64 species representing all recognized sections and subsections using stereomicroscopy and scaning electron microscopy. Two basic types of trichomes could be identified: non‐glandular and glandular. Both trichome types can be simple or branched. The glandular trichomes were sessile, short stalked or long stalked. Different kinds of branched trichomes were observed in most species of P. sect. Phlomoides, i.e. symmetrically stellate, stellate with a central long branch, bi‐ or trifurcate. The species of P. sect. Filipendula were mostly covered by simple trichomes. Moreover, variation in trichome characters appears to have particular value, not only for the classification at sectional or subsectional rank, but also for delimitation of species within each section. For example, all studied species of P. subsect. Fulgentes are characterized by various kinds of stellate trichomes, while the trichome variability in P. subsect. Tetragonae was sufficiently high for species discrimination. An ancestral character state reconstruction was performed in order to investigate the evolution of trichome types and it revealed the following evolutionary trends in trichome characters of Phlomoides: 1) branched trichomes are primitive in Phlomoides as compared to simple ones, 2) long simple non‐glandular trichomes are derived as compared to short simple ones and 3) the presence of stalked glandular trichomes is advanced as compared to subsessile or sessile ones.
Perioperative Pharmacological Sleep‐Promotion and Pain Control: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bjurström Martin F. , Irwin Michael R.
Published: February 2019

Background

Sleep macrostructure is commonly disturbed after surgery. Postoperative pain control remains challenging. Given the bidirectional interaction between sleep and pain, understanding the role of modulation of sleep during the perioperative period on postoperative pain is needed.

Methods

This was a systematic review. Controlled trials examining the effects of perioperative sleep‐promoting pharmacological agents on postoperative pain and analgesic consumption were identified through a systematic search strategy utilizing multiple electronic databases.

Results

Fourteen studies (9 melatonin, 5 zolpidem) involving 921 patients (melatonin n = 586, zolpidem n = 335) were included. Compared to placebo, melatonin reduced postoperative pain scores by ≥30% and significantly decreased opioid consumption in 3 studies (postoperative day [POD] 1–2), whereas 4 studies reported no significant effect of melatonin on postoperative pain. Compared to placebo, zolpidem reduced postoperative pain scores during POD1–7/POD1–14 in 2 studies, but only 1 trial suggested clinically meaningful improvement (ie, relative reduction of pain score ≥ 30%). Whereas 3 zolpidem trials showed no significant differences regarding postoperative pain ratings, zolpidem treatment was associated with decreased analgesic consumption in 4 out of 5 trials. Several limitations of the included studies were identified; only 1 study out of 14 was deemed to be at low risk of bias, and heterogeneity of the study design and outcome assessment precluded meta‐analysis.

Conclusion

Perioperative addition of a sleep‐promoting pharmacological agent may improve pain control, but underlying evidence is weak and results are inconsistent. Only 5 of the 14 studies objectively evaluated changes in sleep (polysomnography, 2 zolpidem studies; actigraphy, 3 melatonin studies), which complicates conclusions regarding links between perioperative sleep and pain.
Acanthosis nigricans, hypochondroplasia, and FGFR3 mutations: Findings with five new patients, and a review of the literature
Authors: Muguet Guenot Louise , Aubert Helene , Isidor Bertrand , Toutain Annick , Mazereeuw‐Hautier Juliette , Collet Corinne , Bourrat Emmanuelle , Denis Musquer Marie , Barbarot Sébastien ,   the Groupe de Recherche de la Société Française de Dermatologie Pédiatrique
Published: February 2019

Early development of extensive acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a key feature in some patients who have hypochondroplasia (HCH) in association with FGFR3 mutations. We here report regarding five new patients with HCH who exhibited AN, and we compare their characteristics to the eight patients previously described in the literature. In these patients, the AN lesions began in childhood, and they were extensive. These lesions were located on the torso, the abdomen, and the face, in addition to the typical skin fold sites. Other skin lesions were frequently reported: café‐au‐lait macules, melanocytic nevi, lentigines, and seborrheic keratosis. The Lys650Thr mutation was the predominant reported mutation of FGFR3.
Methodological considerations for conducting focus groups in HIV prevention research among Black men who have sex with men
Authors: White Jordan J. , Dangerfield Derek T. , Grieb Suzanne M.
Published: February 2019

Introduction

Focus groups are an important learning tool in HIV prevention research among U.S. Black men who have sex with men (BMSM), for whom incidence persists. Focus groups are useful in designing interventions, but many have struggled to engage BMSM in research. To optimize the utility of focus group methodology on HIV prevention among BMSM, this paper offers methodological considerations for conducting and managing focus groups with BMSM.

Methods

Perspectives come from the process of conducting nine focus groups (N = 52) to explore the role of religion and spirituality in the lives of BMSM in Baltimore City and how these concepts could be used to inform local HIV prevention interventions.

Results

Themes from field notes captured important concepts to consider regarding the following: recruitment and retention, recruiting from within the social network, screening for HIV status, focus group stratification, and focus group facilitation.

Discussion

Considerations and recommendations for mitigating the challenges in focus group research and enriching data collection with BMSM are outlined.
The challenges of upward regulatory harmonization: The case of sustainability reporting in the European Union
Authors: Kinderman Daniel
Published: February 2019

What are the prospects for the upward harmonization of regulatory standards, and why do governments support or oppose more stringent supranational regulation? To answer these questions, this paper examines an important case of upward regulatory harmonization, the European Union's non‐financial disclosure Directive 2014/95/EU, which requires large firms to report on their social, environmental, and human rights impacts. In spite of favorable circumstances, the Directive's opponents watered down the Commission's proposal during the course of the negotiations. Upward regulatory harmonization is difficult because of the adjustment costs it imposes on the private sector. The paper provides an in‐depth analysis of countries’ positions in the negotiations: Germany was the most hardline opponent, France the strongest supporter, and the United Kingdom was somewhere in‐between. For most countries, private sector adjustment costs determine government support and opposition for upward harmonization at the supranational level, but the analysis shows that partisan politics and varieties of capitalism also matter.
Importance of rapid management in painful progressive ulcerative lesions in elderly immunosuppressed patients: Two case reports
Authors: Vieira Esteves Camilla , Yanaguizawa Wellington H. , Lemos Celso A. , Alves Fábio A. , de Almeida Oslei Paes , Sugaya Norberto Nobuo
Published: February 2019

Oral manifestations of tuberculosis (TB) are not so frequent, and the lesions may emerge in immunosuppressed patients as a secondary expression of pulmonary TB. The following two case reports focus on the clinical challenge of early diagnosis of painful ulcerative lesions in oral mucosa that occurred in two senior females, both human immunodeficiency virus negative patients, however receiving immunosuppressing medication. The patients did not present classic symptoms of TB. Nevertheless, based on different studies, extrapulmonary TB should still be considered as differential diagnosis for the oral mucosa lesions developed by these patients.
Beyond economic insecurity and cultural backlash: Economic nationalism and the rise of the far right
Authors: Ausserladscheider Valentina
Published: February 2019

Far‐right parties gain in electoral support across the globe. Studies describe this phenomenon either as a cultural backlash or as a reaction to growing economic inequality. The economic inequality perspective suggests that the transforming workforce in post‐industrial societies gives rise to economic insecurity among those who feel left behind. In contrast, the cultural backlash thesis argues that the increasing support for far‐right parties represents a rejection of values such as cosmopolitanism and multiculturalism. More recent scholarship sought to show how economic and cultural factors combined increase the support for the far right. Most of these studies investigate public opinion polls, voting behaviour, and voters´ socio‐economic contexts. This paper reviews these studies and argues that the way in which far‐right political parties construct an interconnection of economic and cultural ideas in discourse is largely neglected in the existing body of literature. The paper concludes that the concept of economic nationalism captures how these two components are intertwined; economic nationalist discourse in far‐right political manifestos and speeches provides a more complete comprehension how public opinion is being shaped. This contribution offers a starting point for future studies to examine how cultural values, such as nationalism, reconstruct and influence articulation of economic policy.
Genetic differentiation and host preference reveal non‐exclusive host races in the generalist parasitic weed Phelipanche ramosa
Authors: Stojanova B , Delourme R , Duffé P , Delavault P , Simier P
Published: February 2019

We developed 20 microsatellite markers to genotype over 100 populations of the parasitic weed Phelipanche ramosa, which covers a wide host crop and geographic range. A representative core collection of 15 populations was also used in cross‐infestation assays to study host preference during germination, attachment and shoot formation. We observed low genetic differentiation within most of the populations, but high genetic differentiation between populations partitioned into 3 genetic groups with different host preferences and geographic distributions. Genetic group 1 is detected exclusively in western France and on various host crops, notably winter oilseed rape (WOSR) and not hemp. Cross‐infection assays confirmed its incompatibility with hemp and showed its preference for WOSR and tobacco in terms of germination and attachment success. The group 2 populations share a large geographic distribution in France and Europe, low germination success with WOSR and high germination success, attachment success and shoot formation with hemp, tobacco or tomato. The subclades 2a and 2b include most of the French populations in hemp crops in eastern France and in tobacco fields in several European countries respectively. The genetic analyses revealed the potential of the three groups to increase their geographic range in the future. Intermediate genetic groups showed higher intrapopulation diversity and represent potential stocks for new host race emergence. Those findings argue in favour of the existence of host races in P. ramosa and should be considered for appropriate management strategies, notably in breeding programmes for resistance against this parasitic weed.
Novel specific human and mouse stromelysin‐1 (MMP‐3) and stromelysin‐2 (MMP‐10) antibodies for biochemical and immunohistochemical analyses
Authors: Mirastschijski Ursula , Dinesh Nilima , Baskaran Sudarson , Wedekind Dirk , Gavrilovic Jelena , Murray Megan Y. , Bevan Damon , Kelm Sørge
Published: February 2019

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are a family of more than 25 zinc‐dependent enzymes that are centrally involved in cellular migration, tissue remodeling, cancer invasion and metastasis. Besides degrading extracellular matrix proteins, MMPs are crucial for growth factor and cytokine release and activation. At the same time, they can inactivate inflammatory mediators and enzymes themselves through protein degradation. Subclasses of MMPs include collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins, membrane‐bound MMPs, and others. With regard to the stromelysin subfamily, three members exist, e.g., stromelysin‐1 (MMP‐3), stromelysin‐2 (MMP‐10), and stromelysin‐3 (MMP‐11). MMP‐3, and MMP‐10 share extensive similarities at the amino acid level that made it difficult to develop specific antibodies distinguishing between MMP‐3 and MMP‐10. Scrutinizing published data on and performing different analyses with detection of both stromelysins with commercially available or lab‐made antibodies showed ambiguous results with regard to specificity of antibodies used to date. We developed new specific antibodies against the most divergent parts of the active forms of both proteins. We assessed the specificity of our novel specific anti‐human and anti‐mouse MMP‐3 and MMP‐10 antibodies in cell lysates and different human and murine skin tissues. Tests analyzing specificity of the novel antibodies included Western immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry on paraffin sections. Analyses demonstrated specific detection of respective protein for human or mouse samples except for the anti‐human MMP‐3 antibody. The aim of this summary was to call attention the MMP research community to distinguish clearly between both enzymes. Our new specific anti‐mouse MMP‐3 and both MMP‐10 antibodies allow us to address this detection problem and to enable comparative studies between both stromelysins with regard to their respective location and function in the tissue.
An Analysis on the Relationship among Trust in Manager, Political Behavior and Organizational Commitment: The Case of a Sports Organization
Authors: Gullu Sevim , Yildiz Kadir
Published: February 2019

The article aims to provide an insight into the relationship among political behavior, trust in manager and organizational commitment in sports organizations. The research is designed with a descriptive and relational survey model which is one of the qualitative research methods. The research group consists of 109 employees (48 females, 61 males) working in Erzincan Youth Services and Provincial Directorate of Sports, selected with convenience sampling method, one of the non-random sampling methods. As data collection tools, Personal Information Form, Organizational Commitment Scale, Trust in Manager Scale and Political Behavior Scale were used. SPSS 22 package program was used to analyze the data. Arithmetic mean, frequency and standard deviation were used in the statistical representations of the data. For the normality of the data, skewness and kurtosis values were taken into consideration and the data were found to have a normal distribution. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results of the study show that there is a negative relationship between the sub-dimensions of the political behavior scale and the sub-dimensions of the trust in manager scale. Similarly, as the values of the sub-dimensions of the political behavior scale increase, the organizational commitments of the participants decrease. According to the results of multiple regression analysis, the sub-dimension of cognition-based trust, one of the sub-dimensions of trust in manager scale, is an important predictor of affective commitment, which is one of the sub-dimensions of organizational commitment scale. One of the statistically significant results of multiple regression analysis is that acting two-faced sub-dimension of the political behavior scale is a significant predictor of continuance commitment, which is one of the sub-dimensions of organizational commitment scale.
Enredando bosques y comunidades: territorialización de REDD+ en el ejido Felipe Carrillo Puerto, México
Authors: Tobasura Morales David , Gurri Francisco D. , Blanco Wells Gustavo , Schmook Birgit
Published: February 2019

Analizamos los efectos discursivos y las relacionales del proyecto piloto Reducción de Emisiones por Deforestación y Degradación (REDD+) en unidades domésticas con y sin derechos de acceso a la tierra en el ejido Felipe Carrillo Puerto, Quintana Roo. A partir de encuestas y entrevistas semiestructuradas, identificamos dispositivos que favorecen la adopción de prácticas de conservación por parte de los ejidatarios propietarios de la tierra, pero que restringen el manejo forestal tradicional. Estas dinámicas generan cambios en las estrategias de subsistencia de las unidades domésticas y limitan la participación y distribución de beneficios a mujeres, jóvenes y avecindados sin propiedad de la tierra.
Análisis de la capacidad de respuesta de los sistemas de información en salud para la supervisión de riesgos que afectan el derecho a la salud en Colombia
Authors: Eslava Rincón Julia Isabel  , Camelo Tovar Fredy Armindo  , Rosero Lucía Mina , Vásquez Candia María Elizabeth , Mejía Rocha  Marino Mauricio
Published: February 2019

Este artículo tiene por objeto evidenciar la capacidad de respuesta de los sistemas de información en salud (SIS) en Colombia para soportar un modelo de inspección, vigilancia y control (IVC) orientado al seguimiento de los riesgos que menoscaban el acceso, el uso y la calidad de los servicios de salud. Se realizó un estudio transversal, descriptivo, desde el enfoque de gestión de riesgos, que incluyó una revisión del marco regulatorio de las amenazas para el goce efectivo del derecho (GED) a la salud y las características de la información reportada por los actores del sistema, requeridas para su seguimiento. Los datos que soportan el seguimiento a los procesos de atención y su impacto sobre la salud poblacional resultan insuficientes para hacer una adecuada supervisión de los riesgos. Se deben aprovechar los cambios que experimenta actualmente el sistema de salud para replantear la forma en que su desempeño es objeto de seguimiento.
La discapacidad desde los enfoques de derechos y capacidades y su relación con la salud pública
Authors: Gómez Rúa Natalia Eugenia , Restrepo Ochoa Diego Alveiro , Gañan Echavarría Jaime , Cardona Arango Doris
Published: February 2019

El objetivo es analizar los estudios realizados sobre las personas con discapacidad, desde los enfoques de derechos y capacidades, teniendo en cuenta aspectos de interés de la salud pública como las desigualdades, la justicia social, los determinantes sociales y el bienestar de los colectivos. Se realizó una revisión narrativa de literatura nacional e internacional sobre la discapacidad, a partir de los enfoques de derechos y capacidades. Las búsquedas se llevaron a cabo con palabras claves en español, inglés y portugués. El rastreo de la información arrojó como resultados un total de 32 documentos, sobre los enfoques se encontraron 16 textos referidos a derechos y discapacidad, 11 artículos relacionados con capacidad y discapacidad y 5 artículos que abordan ambos enfoques. Se puede concluir que los enfoques de derechos y capacidades presentan una relación dicotómica y no lineal; incluso respecto a la discapacidad se complementan entre ellos desde diferentes esferas
Diseño e implementación de un modelo de madurez de capacidades logísticas en servicios de atención médica domiciliaria
Authors: Gutiérrez Elena Valentina , Cortés Zapata Sebastián , Jaén Posada Juan Sebastián 
Published: February 2019

La prestación de servicios de atención médica domiciliaria (HHC) implica decisiones logísticas en el diseño, la implementación y el control del servicio. Muchas instituciones que prestan servicios de HHC en Colombia toman dichas decisiones de manera empírica y pocas veces se utilizan métodos cuantitativos para apoyarlas de manera sistematizada. Esta situación genera la necesidad de caracterizar el nivel de madurez de las capacidades logísticas de las instituciones que prestan servicios de HHC, con el objetivo de identificar brechas tecnológicas y posibles caminos de mejoramiento. En este trabajo se presenta el diseño de un modelo de madurez de capacidades logísticas en servicios de HHC, basado en el (CMM). El modelo es implementado en una institución de salud habilitada para la prestación de servicios de HHC en Antioquia, Colombia. Los resultados evidencian las brechas existentes y la utilidad del modelo para identificar oportunidades de mejora a través de métodos cuantitativos.
Intervención orientada a modificar prácticas alimentarias en adolescentes mexicanos
Authors: Arroyo Pilar Ester , Carrete Lorena
Published: February 2019

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la efectividad de una intervención educativa para promover prácticas de alimentación saludable en adolescentes entre 11 y 12 años, bajo un enfoque de aprendizaje activo. En esta intervención participaron adolescentes que cursaban el primer año en una escuela secundaria pública de nivel socioeconómico medio; la efectividad de la intervención se evaluó en términos de la modificación favorable de sus actitudes hacia la comida saludable, su autoeficacia para elegir y balancear alimentos y el incremento del riesgo a la salud que implica una alimentación no saludable. El análisis estadístico de los datos indicó una modificación significativa en la actitud y el riesgo percibido después de la intervención; respecto de la autoeficacia, a partir de la aplicación de un modelo markoviano se estimó cuánto debería durar la intervención para lograr que un mayor porcentaje de adolescentes se percibiera como autoeficaz para seleccionar su alimentación. Estos hallazgos apoyan la propuesta de una modificación a los programas gubernamentales, para la creación de un ambiente saludable en las escuelas de nivel elemental y mejorar las competencias de los estudiantes para seguir una dieta balanceada, sin romper con los patrones socioculturales y los hábitos alimenticios de las familias.
Visibilidad y tendencias teóricas de la educación para la salud en cuatro países de América Latina, 2003-2013
Authors: López Ríos Jennifer Marcela , Molina Berrío Diana Patricia , Peñaranda Correa Fernando
Published: February 2019

Objetivo: analizar las investigaciones realizadas en América Latina sobre educación para la salud durante los últimos diez años, identificando los diferentes desarrollos conceptuales propuestos sobre el tema y las críticas que se le formulan. Método: investigación cualitativa mediante un estado del arte; se analizaron cuarenta artículos de Brasil, Colombia, Cuba y México derivados de las búsquedas realizadas en Pubmed, Lilacs, Redalyc, Scielo, Ovid, Science Direct, Oxford Journals y Dialnet. Resultado: la educación para la salud es un campo multifocal, polisémico, con diferentes propósitos y tendencias teóricas. Se encontró que la mayoría de los autores se ocuparon de asumi una postura frente a ella, peo pocos se dieron a la tarea de conceptualizar la educación y la salud. Conclusión: se perciben diferentes visiones sobre educación para la salud; sin embargo, se cuestiona la poca articulación que se vislumbra en los artículos entre la teoría y la práctica en el tema.
Assessing Combustion Performance of a Diesel Reciprocating Engine Under Various Fuel Blends Using a Calculus-Statistical Time-Series Vibration Based Approach
Authors: Murray Renique J. , Bridge Jacqueline
Published: February 2019

The increasing use of biofuels in recent years has resulted in renewed consideration of compression ignition (CI) engines for power generation. However, the differences in chemical properties of these fuels have led to some variation in key engine performance parameters. Accordingly, researchers have begun to investigate the use of vibration-based approaches in assessing these behaviors. Despite some progress in assessing the use of diesel in CI engines, very little has been done on assessing the use of fuel blends. The current work, therefore, proposes a vibration-based approach to assessing engine performance in CI engines. It hypothesizes that the variation in cylinder pressure with combustion can be effectively monitored via engine vibration signals. It further proposes the use of a hybrid calculus-statistical method for the analysis of the vibration data. Accordingly, tests were conducted using a single-cylinder engine made to operate on different fuel blends. Conventional thermodynamic data were recorded during its operation. These data were used to calculate fundamental engine performance indicators. Simultaneously, vibration data were collected from the engine using an accelerometer mounted on the engine casing. The vibration data were analyzed using a matlab algorithm. The results showed that the proposed method is able to track the variations in combustion performance, for changes in the fuel used. More importantly, based on the approach, a parameter, which characterizes the nature of combustion taking place, is proposed. The approach proves to be a feasible method for assessing combustion performance of different fuels in CI engines, with minimal computational requirements.
Three-Dimensional/One-Dimensional Combined Simulation of Deep Surge Loop in a Turbocharger Compressor With Vaned Diffuser
Authors: Ngo Boum Ghislaine , Bontempo Rodolfo , Trébinjac Isabelle
Published: February 2019

High accuracy simulation of compressor surge origin and growth is an important challenge for designers of systems using compressors likely to develop that severe instability. Indeed, understanding its driving phenomena, which can be system dependent, is necessary to build an adequate strategy to avoid or control surge emergence. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, commonly used to explore flow in the compressor, need then to be extended beyond the compressor as surge is a system scale instability. To get an insight on the path to surge and through surge cycles, a reliable alternative to full three-dimensional (3D) system modeling is used for a turbocharger compressor inserted in an experimental test rig. The air flow in the whole circuit, is modeled with a one-dimensional (1D) Navier Stokes approach which is coupled with a 3D unsteady RANS modeling of the 360 deg air flow in the centrifugal compressor including the volute. Starting from an initial stable flow solution in the system, the back-pressure valve is progressively closed to reduce the massflow and trigger the instability. An entire deep surge loop is simulated and compared with good agreement with the experimental data. The existence of a system-induced convective wave is revealed, and its major role on surge inception at diffuser inlet demonstrated.
Heat Transfer Enhancement and Turbulent Flow in a Rectangular Channel Using Perforated Ribs With Inclined Holes
Authors: Liu Jian , Hussain Safeer , Wang Wei , Wang Lei , Xie Gongnan , Sundén Bengt
Published: February 2019

In internal cooling passages in a turbine blade, rib structures are widely applied to augment convective heat transfer by the coolant passing through over the ribbed surfaces. This study concentrates on perforated 90 deg ribs with inclined holes in a cooling duct with rectangular cross section, aiming at improving the perforated holes with additional secondary flows caused by inclined hole arrangements. Two sets of perforated ribs are used in the experiments with the inclined angle of the holes changing from 0 deg to 45 deg and the cross section are, respectively, circular and square. Steady-state liquid crystal thermography (LCT) is applied to measure the ribbed surface temperature and obtain corresponding convective heat transfer coefficients (HTCs). Two turbulence models, i.e., the k–ω shear stress transportation (SST) model and the detached eddy simulation (DES) model, are used in the numerical studies to simulate the flow fields. All the inclined cases have slightly larger overall averaged Nusselt number (Nu) than with straight cases. The enhancement ratio is approximately 1.85–4.94%. The averaged Nu in the half portion against the inclined direction is enlarged for the inclined hole cases. The inclined hole cases usually have smaller averaged Nu in the half portion along the inclined direction. For the straight hole case and small inclined angle case, the penetrated flows mix with the mainstream flows at the perforated regions. When the inclined angle is larger, the penetrated flows are pushed to the inclined direction and mixing with the approaching flows occurs just at the side of the inclined direction.
Investigation of Applicability of Transporting Water Mist for Cooling Turbine Blades
Authors: Wang Ting , Ragab Reda
Published: February 2019

This paper presents a numerical study to investigate the feasibility of transporting water mist to the rotating blades of a high-pressure turbine. The idea of using mist film cooling to enhance conventional air cooling has been proven to be a feasible technique under laboratory conditions. However, there are challenges in implementing this scheme for real gas turbine systems. The first challenge is how to transport the mist to the rotating blades and the second challenge is delivering the mist to the injection holes and getting the particles to survive within the harsh gas turbine environment. Both a zero-dimensional mist evaporation analytical model and a 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) scheme are employed for analysis. In the CFD simulation, the Lagrangian–Eulerian method is used along with the discrete phase model (DPM) to track the evaporation process of each individual water droplet. For transporting the mist to the blades, the high-pressure water mist is injected into the stream of cooling air extracted from the compressor through two different passages. The first passage passes through the rotor cover-plate cavity before entering the blade base. The second passage passes through a diaphragm box on the base of the second vane, then tangentially through a cooling passage in the rotating shaft, and eventually to the blade base. The results show that it is feasible to transport the mist from the turbine casing to the blade through both passages, provided that droplets with sufficient particle diameter and mist loading are used. The shorter passage, through the nozzle diaphragm, alleviates a lot of challenges facing the passage through the blade cavity and seems to be more practical. A side benefit of transporting mist through the internal passages is the additional cooling of the preswirler and rotor cover plates. The results are encouraging for implementing the mist cooling technique under real gas turbine conditions.
Discussion: “Second Law Analysis of Magneto-Micropolar Fluid Flow Between Parallel Porous Plates” (Kosarineia, A., and Sharhani, S., 2018, ASME J. Therm. Sci. Eng. Appl., 10(4), 041017)
Authors: Pantokratoras Asterios
Published: February 2019

The present discussion queries some results included in the paper.