bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Learning Outcomes Using the Problem Based Learning Model in Grade IV Elementary School Science Learning
Authors: Nur Aida Utami Imas , Nurkholis Nurkholis , Rinto Rinto
Published: May 2024

This study aims to improve the learning outcomes of science learning students by applying the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model for class IV SD. The research method used was Collaborative Classroom Action Research (PTKK) which was carried out in 2 cycles, in cycle 1 the lowest score was 60 and the highest score was 85. Then in cycle 2 the lowest score was 70 and the highest score was 95. The percentage of complete learning outcomes in cycle 1 was 63% and in cycle 2 there was an increase of 88%. As for the results of the research conducted, it can be concluded that learning with the Problem Based Learning model in learning is able to improve student learning outcomes with the assistance of audio-visual learning media, because with the model and media assistance students become more interested in participating in learning, the Problem based learning model also makes students able to think critically in class IV SDN 1 Cigadung.
Noble Character Building at Widya Kusuma Islamic Kindergarten, Saladara, Cirebon, Indonesia
Authors: Ahmad Ridwan Wawan , Rindanah Rina , Dumilah Ratna , Leti Gratia , Yusup Muhammad
Published: May 2024

Prophet Muhammad was given the task of forming akhlakul karimah by Muslims. The next generation will be strong and resilient if they have noble character. Character-building programs are the most critical need in Indonesia ahead of Indonesia Emas 2045. The basis of character education in the Islamic perspective is the holy book of the Qur'an and the Hadith of the Prophet. The Qur'an is the basis of all areas of life, including moral matters. The character-building program at Widya Kusuma Saladara Islamic Kindergarten includes three successes, six noble phobias, four ropes of faith, three principles of cooperation, four maqodirulloh, four spinning wheels, and five conditions of harmony and compactness. This program is instilled from an early age, from kindergarten to early childhood education, so that akhlakul karimah will be formed in adolescence and adulthood and ready to become future leaders.
Social Competence of Islamic Education Cluster Teachers in Improving Learning Quality during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nurfuadi Nurfuadi , Nurkholis Nurkholis
Published: May 2024

This research aims to find out the basic concept of PAI teacher expertise in improving the quality of learning in the Covid-19 era. This research is a qualitative descriptive study, which only describes the social competence of PAI group teachers in improving the quality of learning during the Covid-19 pandemic at Madrasah Aliyah NU Alqur'an Science Sumbang Banyumas and Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Cilacap. The research results show that teachers really need a more mature preparation process regarding the implementation of teaching and learning activity schedules. In connection with the actualization of the social skills of PAI teachers, each teacher forms a communication network between the teacher and students, as well as between teachers and the students' guardians. Teachers' obstacles in the PAI group as an effort to improve the quality of learning in the Covid-19 era are seen from the perspective of students who lack understanding of the teaching material. Another obstacle is related to learning activities which are still mostly theory based so that there is still a lack of applying the material to everyday life. Thus, teachers must motivate students to always learn so that students' understanding of the material increases. As well as thinking about ensuring that learning does not run monotonously, leading to student boredom.
Utilization of Kahoot Application as a Learning Evaluation Tool on the Basics of Accounting Material for Service Companies in Class X
Authors: Wiradinata Rochanda , Yuningsih Elis
Published: May 2024

This study aims to determine the improvement of the Kahoot X application of as a learning evaluation tool on learning the basics of accounting and how students respond to the Kahoot application. In this study, using quantitative methods with an experimental method approach with a research design, one group pretest and one group posttest, with the population in this study being class X totaling 33 students, one class was taken as a purposive research sample. In the data collection technique in this study, using tests, namely pre-tests and post-tests, to find out how students improve and questionnaires to find out their responses. Then for data analysis using several tests, namely validity tests, reability, classical assumption tests, and hypothesis tests. The results showed that the Kahoot evaluation tool significantly affected student learning outcomes. This can be shown from the increased N-Gain value and the acquisition of a calculated T-value of 19.022, which means that the Thichung is greater than the ttabel (19,022 1,697) with a significance of 0.000 less than 0.05. As well as a good response from students, there were results of 70% of students who agreed that the Kahoot application could be used for evaluation tools on learning the basics of accounting. So that the kahoot application can be used as a learning evaluation tool and improve learning outcomes.
Management of Early Childhood Education Program at PAUD Nurul Hikmah Suryalaya Post Lengkong Bandung
Authors: Khotimah Iim , Lesmi Kirana , Takiah Sofiatu
Published: May 2024

The title of this work is Management of Early Childhood Education Programs at PAUD Nurul Hikmah Suryalaya Bandung Post. The study began with observations on well-organized and orderly leadership at the Nurul Hikmah Suryalaya Bandung PAUD Post. This study explores information on the management of well-organized education programs at the Nurul Hikmah PAUD Post. What are the inhibiting supporting factors? This study used a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection, observation, interview, and documentation techniques: data analysis techniques, acquisition, reduction, presentation, and reasoning. The results of this study found that the answers about the Management of PAUD Nurul Hikmah Suryalaya Bandung Post were well organized due to supporting factors from the surrounding community, PKK, Yandu Post, and school residents. The external supporting factors include cooperation with PAUD Post partners. In the management of early childhood education at the Nurul Hikmah PAUD Post, there is also an inhibiting factor, namely the parents' lack of attention to their children. Program delays are due to conflicts with programs of other educational institutions at the same time. Efforts to overcome existing obstacles include communicating and contacting the parents of students. Meanwhile, late programs can be overcome by replacing them on another day or time. The flagship program of PAUD Nurul Hikmah Post is an extracurricular program that includes dance, pencak silat, and painting. Meanwhile, religious lessons have always been part of the daily education program, including memorizing short letters, daily prayers, and Asmaul Husna and Dhuha prayers.
Implementation of The Balanced Scorecard in Measuring The Performance of A Company
Authors: Fitria Pipit
Published: May 2024

This research aims to determine the company's performance at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia Syariah, Tbk. Which is used to measure and evaluate with the balanced scorecard method approach. This study uses the balanced scorecard method which evaluates in four important perspectives at PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia Syariah, Tbk which includes a financial perspective, internal business process perspective, customer perspective, and growth and learning perspective from the 2019-2020 period.
The Effect of Work Boredom and Self-Control on Cyberloafing Behavior
Authors: Nur Rohmah Selfi , Risdianto Risdianto , Laelatul Qodriah Sari
Published: May 2024

In this study, there are variables X1 (Work Boredom), X2 (Self Control), and Y (Cyberloafing Behavior). This research was conducted to determine (1) The Effect of Work boredom on Cyberloafing Behavior. (2) The Effect of Self Control. (3) Effect of Work Boredom and Self Control on Cyberloafing Behavior. The approach used in this study is descriptive quantitative. The population used in this study is 37 employees at CV. JSA Management Jakarta using census samples. The primary and secondary data were collected through observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The measurement scale in this study uses a Likert scale. The analysis techniques used are the validity and reliability test, multiple linear regression test, coefficient of determination test, T-test, and F test. The results show that (1) Work boredom has a significant effect on cyberloafing behavior, and (2) Self-control has a significant negative effect on cyberloafing behavior, (3) Work boredom and self-control simultaneously influence cyberloafing behavior.
Determinant Intention to Become Nazir: An Empirical Study to Improve the Waqf Ecosystem in Indonesia
Authors: Badawi Badawi
Published: May 2024

It is crucial to recognize the need for human resources to sustain Indonesia's waqf ecosystem as it develops in that country. This study aims to identify the factors that affect a person's decision to become a nazir. The theoretical underpinning for this study is the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). This study had 220 respondents from Cirebon, Indonesia. With the use of SmartPLS 3.0, structural equation modeling was used to examine the data for this investigation. The analysis results show that Attitude – Job Market Consideration significantly positively affects a person's intention to become Nazir. Subjective Norm also has a significant positive effect on intention. In addition, Perceived Behavioral Control – Technical Skills Self-Efficacy has a significant positive effect on a person's intention to become a Nazir.
Legal Analysis of the Freedom of Contract Principle in Lease Contracts between the Director General of Civil Aviation and Private Flight Schools
Authors: Pandini Febrianti Islami Putri Intan , Sutrisno Endang , Sutarih Ayih
Published: May 2024

In accordance with an open system, everyone is permitted to enter into an agreement so long as it is founded on good faith, according to Indonesian treaty law. This approach is not entirely relevant in the practice of lease agreements held by the government (Director General of Civil Aviation) with private parties (Private Flight Schools), as the lease agreement was made in a way that the terms were made by default. In order to collect secondary data in the form of primary and secondary legal materials, this research employs a normative juridical approach, law-based research as norms and rules that are both written and unwritten through literary studies, and document studies. The findings revealed that the format of common lease agreements negotiated between the government (Director General of Civil Aviation) and private parties (Private Flight Schools) was subject to constraints. This demonstrates how the idea of complete contract freedom is not being applied. The posture or bargaining position between the parties to the agreement is not balanced, which gives the airport with a stronger position options. As a result, the airport's rules and regulations have an impact on the tenant's rights.
The Role of The Prosecutor’s Office in Asset Seizure
Authors: Sulistiyono Adi , Isharyanto Isharyanto , Purnama Adi Fadhil
Published: May 2024

The seizure of assets resulting from criminal acts will be easier for law enforcement officials to carry out if the Draft Law on Asset Forfeiture is passed. Assets that are seized are not only related to corruption crimes but also general crimes that carry a prison sentence of 4 years or more. The amount of assets seized is also at least IDR 100 million. This paper will explore the urgency of the Asset Forfeiture Bill in terms of the politics of legislation and then be limited to discussions on the direction of law enforcement that is considered responsive, especially regarding institutions that have authority in implementing the law. This paper is a type of doctrinal research that the data collection technique used is a literature technique, while the analysis in this study is after all legal materials are collected both from primary legal materials and secondary legal materials then clarified. Without strong watchdog institutions, impunity becomes the very foundation upon which systems of corruption are built. And if impunity is not demolished, all efforts to bring an end to corruption are in vain. Integrity, transparency, and the fight against corruption have to be part of the culture.
Study of the Responsibility of Independent Appraisal Services of Bank Collateral Related to the Auction Value of Execution of Collateral Objects
Authors: Atikawati Wiseno Putri Febri
Published: May 2024

In providing bank credit, collateral must be submitted for credit return. Collateral certificates/fixed assets are most favored by creditors/banks. The provision of credit by banks cannot be separated from the assessment of collateral first. The Internal Bank carries out the assessment, which can be done by the Public Appraiser or KJPP (Public Appraisal Service Office). The Public Appraiser will provide a report on the value of collateral submitted by the debtor to be used as a basis by the bank to determine the Ceiling (maximum amount of credit). The position of creditors who are more dominant in the process of granting credit will more or less affect the market value and liquidation of collateral. In this case, the debtor has a risk to the value of the collateral that the Public Appraiser has determined if the collateral goes bankrupt. This research uses a legislative and conceptual approach.
Suspects' Rights to Demand Compensation for Unlawful Detention at Cirebon Police Station
Authors: Febriyanto Zefri
Published: May 2024

Law enforcement is one of the efforts to achieve or create order, security, and tranquility in society, both as an effort to prevent and eradicate or enforce a violation of the law. Criminal offense is a term derived from the Dutch translation of strafbaarfeit. The word strafbaarfeit was later translated into various languages in Indonesian. Some words used to translate strafbaarfeit by scholars in Indonesia include criminal acts, delicacies, and criminal acts. The type of research the author uses is descriptive writing, which provides data that is as thorough as possible about humans, conditions, or other symptoms. The point is to reinforce the hypothesis to help strengthen the old theory or within the framework of compiling new theories. The results of this study showed that in 2017, there was one pretrial application, and the judge's decision showed that it was not granted, while in 2018, there was no pretrial application. In 2019, there were also no pretrial applications, while in 2020, there were two pretrial applications, and the judge's decision showed that one pretrial application was granted and one was not. Implementing the fulfillment of the rights of suspects demanding compensation for unlawful detention in Cirebon Regency has not been optimal.
Antibacterial Activity of Acetone Coconut Husk (Cocos Nucifera Linn) Extract Against Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli Bacteria
Authors: Irawan Ade , Ulfah Mariam , Efriani Like , Hadi Ismanurrahman , Adiyas Putra Teguh , Puspitasari Ayu
Published: May 2024

Coconut plant (Cocos nucifera Linn) is an annual plant that is most beneficial to the people of Indonesia, because almost all parts of the plant can be utilized and used for medicine and daily needs. Part of the coconut plant, namely coconut fiber which is considered as waste, can be used as an antibacterial agent because it contains tannin compounds or also called tannic acid which is a complex chemical compound consisting of several polyphenolic compounds which act as antibacterial and antiviral. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of coconut coir acetone extract (Cocos nucifera Linn) against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. The method used is disc diffusion (Kirby and Bauer test). Coconut coir powder (Cocos nucifera Linn) was macerated with acetone for 3 x 24 hours. Furthermore, the antibacterial test of coconut coir extract (Cocos nucifera Linn) was carried out against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Chloramphenicol as a positive control and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a negative control. The results of antibacterial activity that have been carried out show that coco coir extract (Cocos nucifera Linn) with a concentration of 60% is the highest concentration of inhibition zone diameter between 20% and 40% with an average inhibition zone diameter of 11.7 mm against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Escherichia coli and belongs to the category of strong sensitivity.
The Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Towards Reducing Anxiety in Seventh Grade Students in Facing Exams at Islamic Boarding School of Al-Ikhlas Female Kuningan Jawa Barat
Authors: Rahmawati Rika , Alfiani Fitri , Arisanty Latifah Riza
Published: May 2024

Exams are one of the factors that affect the level of anxiety. The anxiety experienced by women higher than that of men, the reason is because the hormones possessed by women are faster in bringing out the side of empathy. One of them is facing an exam. Therefore, it is necessary to have an intervention to reduce anxiety, one of which is Progressive Muscle Relaxation therapy. This study aims to determine the effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation to reduce anxiety levels in seventh grade students in facing exams. This quasi-experimental research uses a one group pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study amounted to 28 participants. The sampling technique used was total sampling. The research instrument using an anxiety questionnaire is the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). This questionnaire has been tested for validity and reliability with a coefficient value of Cronbach's Alpha 0.793 with a total of 14 items. The data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test to determine the effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation on reducing anxiety levels. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in the results of the pre and post anxiety level questionnaires with an average decreasing value of 14.50. And the obtained Wilcoxon test results 0.000 < 0.05, which means that there is an effect of giving progressive muscle relaxation therapy on anxiety in class VII students. Progressive Muscle Relaxation can reduce anxiety levels in female students in facing exams.
How Consistent are Perinatal Case Disease Diagnosis Codes Based on ICD 10? A Case Study from Ciremai Hospital
Authors: Budiyanti Nita , Nur Afika Siti , Ernawati Nunung , Nurulramdhini Citra
Published: May 2024

The mortality rate of neonatal cases in Indonesia in 2021 reached 20,154 cases, the cause of death was dominated by diagnoses of Low Birth Weight, asphyxia, infections, and congenital abnormalities. In health care practice, the diagnosis of illness during treatment will be recorded in a medical record. The medical record will contain administrative and clinical data, one of which contains the diagnosis code and actions during treatment. The diagnosis code established in the medical record must be precise, accurate, and consistent in accordance with ICD-10. This study included a type of quantitative descriptive research with a sample of 222 infant medical records, the sample technique used was purposive sampling. The results showed that the coding process at Ciremai Hospital in Cirebon City was 100% electronic, where from 222 infant medical record documents there were 167 consistent diagnosis codes and 55 inconsistent diagnosis codes. This is caused by 2 things, namely improper diagnosis codes and improper code reselection. Thus, the determination of the diagnosis code for perinatal cases at Ciremai Hospital in Cirebon City in 2022 shows that the consistency of the diagnosis code of 75% or as many as 167 diagnosis codes is consistent.
Rastame Bar Formulation made from Black Rice Flour and Red Bean Flour as An Alternative to Emergency Food
Authors: Cahyani Putri Vina , Estuti Wiwit
Published: May 2024

Geographically and demographically, Indonesia is an area that is prone to natural objects. The National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) recorded 3,431 natural disasters that have hit various regions in Indonesia from early January to December 2022. Emergency Food Product (EFP) is a product that is designed and used in emergencies without having to go through various cooking processes so that it can be directly consumed. EFP is designed to meet the caloric needs of 233-250 kcal / 50 grams of ingredients. One example of an emergency food product is a snack bar or food bar. This type of research uses the Hedonic Scale Test, which is in the manufacture of Black Rice Flour and Red Bean Flour Rastame Bar products with a Complete Randomized Design (RAL) research design with 3 formulations and 2 repetitions. The organoleptic test was carried out by panelists with a total of 25 moderately trained panelists who were students of the Cirebon Nutrition Study Program level II and III by obtaining the best nutritional content formulation (energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates) Bar Rastame using the Indonesian Food Composition Table (TKPI) 2017. The treatment used was the ratio of black rice flour to red bean flour respectively by F1 (40%:5%), F2 (35%:10%), and F3 (30%:15%). The selected snack bar is a ratio of 35% black rice flour and 10% red bean flour. The nutritional content of 50 grams of Rastame Bars with a protein content of 5.3 grams, fat content of 4 grams, carbohydrate content of 21.8 grams, and total calories of 143.6 kcal. The characteristics of selected Rastame Bars are a slightly faded blackish color, skimmed milk aroma but not too smelly, hard texture but soft inside, and less sweet taste.
The Effect of Oxytocin Massage on Breast Milk Production in Ciledug Health Center Cirebon Regency
Authors: Minarni Ani , Mutya Sari Vianty , Aliah Nur , Rizki Nurfita Nisa
Published: May 2024

Stunting is an increasingly common problem in developing countries, including Indonesia. In Cirebon Regency, especially in Ciledug District, stunting cases amounted to 13.6% in 2018. The magnitude of the benefits of breastfeeding is not offset by an increase in breastfeeding behavior. According to WHO, more than 40% of babies are introduced too early to complementary foods. One way to increase production is oxytocin massage. Oxytocin massage is performed to stimulate the oxitocin reflex or letdown reflex. The increase in the number of breastfeeding mothers globally has the potential to save the lives of more than 820,000 children under five years old and could prevent an additional 20,000 cases of breast cancer in women each year. This study used the pre-experiment method using one group pretest-post test design, a design experiment that uses one group of subjects and takes measurements before and after giving treatment to subjects. The milk production of postpartum mothers before oxytocin massage has an average of 23.10 ml, while after oxytocin massage the milk production of postpartum mothers has an average of 61.43 ml. The paired sample T test results were obtained significantly by 0.000 (p-value < 0.05). The results of the study found that there was an effect of oxytocin massage on breast milk production. There is a difference in milk production before and after oxytocin massage. It is expected to be able to apply the implementation of oxytocin massage to postpartum mothers in health services.
The Effect of SEFT and Acupressure St 18 on Breast Milk Production in Postpartum Mothers at Puskesmas Pangenan Cirebon Regency
Authors: HERMIYATI TRI , Tonasih Tonasih , Mutya Sari Vianty , Ratna Suminar Erni
Published: May 2024

Puskesmas Pangenan masuk dalam 10 Puskesmas penyumbang terbanyak kasus stunting di Kabupaten Cirebon. Stunting dapat dicegah dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Produksi ASI diantaranya adalah ketenangan jiwa dan pikiran dan perawatan payudara. Untuk mengatasi faktor tersebut maka dilakukan SEFT dan Akupresur ST 18.   Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh SEFT dan Akupresur ST 18 terhadap produksi ASI pada ibu nifas 6-72 jam. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperiment dengan pretest-posttest with control group design. Populasi penelitian adalah ibu nifas 6-72 jam di UPTD Puskesmas Pangenan Kabupaten Cirebon tahun 2023 sebanyak 28 ibu nifas, dengan 14 ibu nifas 6-72 jam kelompok intervensi dan 14 ibu nifas 6-72 jam kelompok kontrol. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar observasi pengeluaran ASI, SOP Pemerahan ASI dan SOP SEFT dan Akupresur ST 18. Analisis data meliputi analisis univariat menggunakan distribusi frekuensi tendensi sentral dan analisis bivariat menggunakan uji paired t-tes dan uji t independen. Rata-rata jumlah produksi ASI setelah perlakuan SEFT dan Akupresur ST 18 adalah 25,86. Rata-rata jumlah produksi ASI pada ibu nifas setelah tanpa perlakuan SEFT dan Akupresur ST 18 adalah 23,93. SEFT dan Akupresure ST 18 berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan produksi ASI pada Ibu Nifas di UPTD Puskesmas Pangenan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah Ada pengaruh SEFT dan Akupresur ST 18 terhadap produksi ASI pada ibu nifas, maka diharapkan petugas kesehatan dapat menerapkan SEFT dan Akupresur ST 18 untuk meningkatkan produksi ASI.
Correlation of SNR Value on DPOAE Examination with HSP70 Levels in Blood and HSP70 Expression in Cochlea of Noise Model Rattus norvegicus as an Indicator of Inner Ear Damage
Authors: Pratiwi Florensia Elita , Haryuna Tengku Siti Hajar , Adriztina Indri , Khalid Khalisanni
Published: May 2024

Background: Cellular stress caused by noise-induced hearing loss can be observed through the damage of cochlear hair cells, mechanically and metabolically. SNR value on the DPOAE examination assesses the sensory function of cochlear outer hair cells. HSP70 as marker of cellular stress can be identified from its levels in blood and its expression in the cochlea.Methods: Three groups of rats were used for the noise intervention: Group 1 was the control group, Group 2 had a noise exposure of 100 dB, and Group 3 received a noise exposure of 110 dB. DPOAE examination was then conducted, blood samples from rats’ tail were collected after a noise treatment, followed by the measurement of HSP70 levels by ELISA readings. Rats were terminated afterwards and immunohistochemical examination of the cochlear organ of Corti was performed to calculate the expression of HSP70. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS.Results: A decrease occurred in the values of SNR and an increase occurred in HSP70 levels in blood along with its expression in the cochlea of noise model Rattus norvegicus, and there is a correlation between the three.Conclusion: The decrease in SNR values, increase in HSP70 levels in blood, and increase in HSP70 expression in the cochlear organ of Corti of Rattus norvegicus, proves that noise-induced hearing loss triggers the production of HSP70 as a cytoprotective agent in preventing inner ear damage.Keywords: DPOAE; Rattus norvegicus; NIHL; Heat Shock Protein 70
Immunomodulatory Role of Cytokines in Periodontal Disease
Authors: Al-Ghurabi Batool Hassan , Mahmood Maha Adel , Aldhaher Zainab A. , Al-Hindawi Sahar Hashim
Published: May 2024

Periodontal disease is an inflammatory condition that affects the periodontium and results in the destruction of periodontal tissue. Immune reaction against products of bacteria and the resulting generation of inflammatory cytokines, are significant contributors to periodontal tissue injury. In this disease inflammatory cytokines are generated by immune cells to attack the periodontal bacteria. A persistent or strong immune response may cause inflammation and the creation of cytokines that are essential in the development of periodontitis, even though the immune response can defend an organism from a variety of diseases. Clarifying the immunomodulatory role of cytokines in periodontitis was the main goal of this review.
Exploring Genomic Patterns to Identify Drug-Resistant TB: A Comprehensive Study of Age, Gender, Lineage, and Outcome
Authors: Tariq Anam , Fazal Sahar
Published: May 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a prevalent bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), primarily affecting the lungs, with rising incidence rates. Drug-resistant TB strains, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) types, pose challenges with poor treatment success rates and increased mortality. Demographic factors and genomic patterns contribute to drug resistance, emphasizing the need for new drugs targeting specific genomic patterns.Methods: This study analyzes the impact of demographics, treatment outcomes, and genomic mutations on drug-resistant TB using pattern identification techniques and whole-genome sequencing to discover therapeutic targets. This study primarily focused on the identification and analysis of MDR and XDR strains, considering various demographic characteristics and treatment outcomes. A dataset comprising 2,602 observations was utilized, and pattern recognition techniques were employed to identify significant features. Additionally, the study employs the whole-genome sequencing (WGS) pipeline to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that result in new mutations in drug-resistant Mtb strains.Results: The findings of the study revealed that XDR and MDR non-XDR TB were the most prevalent types of drug resistance, and they were associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes, including death or treatment failure. Males exhibited a higher susceptibility to both XDR and MDR non-XDR TB compared to females. The age of onset for both types of resistance was approximately 40 years. Among the observed variants in 31 commonly occurring genes,Conclusion: These findings introduce a novel set of therapeutic targets specific to MDR and XDR Mtb types, which warrant further investigation for potential therapeutic interventions.Keywords: Tuberculosis; Drug Resistance; Multidrug resistance; Demographics; Dataset; Gene; Mutations
Antifungal Efficacy of the crude Alkaloid, Flavonoid, and Terpenoid of Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipschitz Roots against Aspergillus species isolated from Rice Seeds
Authors: Al-Nafie Fatima S. , Hussein Hussein J. , Al-Rubaye Abeer F.
Published: May 2024

Background: Rice is an essential component of the diets of people all over the world, and it accounts for a sizeable amount of the calories that they consume. The world's food supply suffers huge economic losses due to fungal deterioration on rice seeds. The medicinal plant Saussurea costus contains bioactive chemicals and is well-known for its many therapeutic uses. There are a number of species of Aspergillus that are considered to be diseases in vegetables and fruits. One of these species is Aspergillus niger. The purpose of this current investigation was to investigate the impact of the crude Alkaloid, Flavonoid, and Terpenoid chemicals derived from Saussurea costus' roots on Aspergillus species Purified from Rice seeds obtained from various markets in Hillah, Iraq.Methods: In vitro, antifungal activity against Aspergillus species was achieved using the food poisoning method. Three concentrations 5, 10, and 15mg/ml of each crude compound were prepared and compared to a positive control represented by Carbendazim500g/l and a negative control represented by 10% dimethyl sulfoxide.Results: An objective of the current investigation was to manage the Aspergillus species growth identified in Rice seeds by utilizing secondary compounds derived from the roots of Saussurea costus. The study's data indicated that the extracts represented by active compounds such as Alkaloids, Flavonoids, and Terpenoids obtained from Saussurea costus roots exhibited a significant decrease in the of Aspergillus species growth, particularly at a concentration of 100mg/ml, in contrast to the negative control. This effect was equivalent to that of the positive control, Carbendazim 500g/l.Conclusion: Finally, Saussurea costus roots have shown the most efficacy in controlling Aspergillus species, particularly through the presence of Alkaloid, Flavonoid, and Terpenoid chemicals at a concentration of 100mg/ml.Keywords: Antifungal activity; Saussurea costus; Alkaloids; Flavonoids; Terpenoids
Acquiring insights through a sequence-based approach to the critical Zika virus MTase domain
Authors: Atwah Banan , Alghamdi Saad , Saeedi Nizar H. , Alzahrani Abdulrahman , Alghamdi Rashed Mohammed , Akber Asif Hussain , Al Qahtani Mohammed Yahya , Mujarribi Atiah Abkar Yahya , Al Qahtani Saeed Saleh , Faqihi Ahmed Mohammed , Kamal Mohammad Azhar
Published: May 2024

Background: ZIKV is one of the re-emerging arboviruses (viruses carried by arthropods), which is spread through the Aedes mosquito. It is an RNA virus with only one strand that is appropriate to the family Flaviviridae's  Flavivirus (genus) & has been linked to other Flaviviruses such as the West Nile virus, chikungunya virus, & dengue (DENV) virus. The envelope, precursor membrane, and capsid are three structural proteins, and seven nonstructural proteins are also encoded by the Zika virus genome.Methods: We conducted an in-silico analysis of the Zika virus' MTase domain protein for this publication. We predicted that methylation would play a significant role in the available Prosite, Pfam, and InterProScan tools to aid in locating the MTase domain. Along with alignment, amino acid composition, charged amino acids, atomic level studies, & molecular weight, we also make predictions for these variables, including theoretical Pi.Results: We also examine the MTase domain's simulated structure (alpha helix, beta sheet, turn) and its specifics, including secondary structure. We also pinpoint the locations where proteins, DNA, and RNA bind. Potential phosphorylation sites can be found on the Ser, Thr, and Tyr residues in the MTase domain.Conclusion: These outcomes imply a complicated interaction between different phosphorylation modifications that modulates the activity of the MTase domain. To fully appreciate the auxiliary and practical perspectives and to clarify the varied roles of PTM in the MTase domain will be a primary goal of future study.Keywords: I-TASSER; Secondary structure; Prosite; α-helix; Pfam; InterProScan; Binding sites; Posttranslational modification; SOPMA; Phyre2
Structure-Based Virtual Screening of Antiviral Compounds Targeting the Norovirus RdRp Protein
Authors: Alqahtani Leena S , Alkathiri Ahmad Salah , Alzahrani Abdulrahman , Alghamdi Rashed Mohammed , Alamri Waad Abdulrahmman , Kamal Mohammad Azhar , Aloufi Ahmed Hamdan , Alamri Ali Saeed , Alam Qamre
Published: May 2024

Background: Human noroviruses (NV) are the primary etiological organisms causing acute gastroenteritis around the world, causing severe morbidity and imposing a significant economic burden. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is essential for viral replication and could be a promising target for anti-NV therapeutics. Despite the discovery of a few NV RdRp inhibitors, the majority of these pharmaceuticals have demonstrated limited efficacy in inhibiting viral replication in cellular models.Methods: In this study, computational screening of antiviral compounds was conducted targeting the NV RdRp protein. The assessment was based on binding poses and the key residues of RdRp involved in interactions with compounds.Results: The compounds namely, Ribavirin, BMS806, Dihydromyricetin, R7935788, and LY2784544 were found to bind the RdRp protein with high affinity. Notably, these compounds displayed significantly lower binding affinities compared to the positive control, PPNDS. In addition, these compounds exhibited many RdRp protein binding residues that were also present in the PPNDS.Conclusion: The results presented here suggest that these compounds have the potential to be used as inhibitors of NV RdRp in the development of antiviral medications. Nevertheless, due to the computational nature of this study, it is imperative to do experimental validation.Keywords: Noroviruses; RdRp; Virtual screening; Antiviral Compounds
Iron-Based Nanoparticles Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Effectiveness
Authors: Jaha Hisham Faiz , Anwar Yasir , Almaaqar Saleh , Khan Tahseen , Khan Sher Bahadar
Published: May 2024

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a significant and pressing public health concern, posing serious challenges to effectively preventing and treating persistent diseases. Developing new antibiotics with different mechanisms of action is crucial to effectively address challenges in treating infections. A lot of work has already been done on mono-metallic nanoparticles to address the issue.Methods: This study aimed to synthesize multi-metallic iron, silver, and chitosan-embedded nanoparticles using a green approach. Iron, silver, chitosan nanoparticles, and a composite of iron–silver–chitosan was also synthesized. The synthesized nanoparticles and composites were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to evaluate their structural parameters. Their antimicrobial efficacy was investigated through MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration), MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration), and well-disk diffusion assays against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus,  Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida albicans.Results: The size of the Cu-NPs, Cu-Ag NPs, and Cu-Ag-CS NPs were found to be in the range of 32-40 nm size with a spherical shape. The nanocomposites' MIC and MBC were calculated to be 125 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL, respectively. The nanocomposites exhibited a range of clear inhibition zones, with a minimum diameter of 12 ± 0.5 mm and a maximum diameter of 22 ± 0.5 mm. Conclusion: The iron–silver–chitosan nanocomposite has been shown to have significant antimicrobial effects in the laboratory environment compared to other nanoparticles hence can be applied as potential biomedical/biological candidates in future.Keywords: Antibacterial; Antifungal Agents; Iron; Silver; Chitosan; Nanoparticles
Potenciais implicações terapêuticas das nanopartículas de carboneto de nióbio na patogênese bacteriana e regeneração tecidual
Authors: Hakme da Silva Alessandro Márcio , Melo Wanessa , Ribeiro Ana Carolina de Campos , Simonato Luciana Estevam , Sanchez Guilherme Hernandes Garcia , Ferreira Paulo Henrique Dias
Published: May 2024

Dentro da esfera da saúde humana, fenômenos como infecções bacterianas tenazes, persistência de biofilmes microbianos e a ascendente resistência antibiótica irreparável representam dilemas cruciais. Em um cenário onde o repertório estratégico para abordagens antimicrobianas e anti-biofilmes é incontestavelmente restrito, soluções nutridas por avanços interdisciplinares, especialmente nas áreas da bioengenharia e nanomedicina, têm emergido como estado da arte em pesquisas na formulação de intervenções antibacterianas pioneiras. Este manuscrito é pautado na análise dos mecanismos de interação das nanopartículas de Carbeto de Nióbio (NbC), realçando sua atuação como um potencial vetor tanto em esferas antimicrobianas quanto na recuperação tecidual. Estes paradigmas recém-revelados elucidam um potencial promissor na desestabilização de biofilmes, conduzindo à neutralização bacteriana por meio da regulação negativa das rotas metabólicas bacterianas, obstrução da inauguração de biofilme e intensificação do descolamento de biofilmes preexistentes, uma dinâmica intermediada por um sofisticado regulador genético adjunto. Uma faceta distintiva da proposta terapêutica reside na habilidade de primar bactérias por intermédio de transdução fototérmica, decrementando o patamar térmico essencial para a supressão bacteriana e atenuando consequentes insalubridades em tecidos íntegros circunjacentes. Em uma vertente complementar, a interação proposta evoca capacidade em orquestrar respostas pró-inflamatórias, sequestrando espécies reativas de oxigênio em excedência presentes em nichos infecciosos, impulsionando a angiogênese e a reconstrução tecidual otimizada.
 
Palavras-chave: nanopartículas; carboneto de nióbio; biofilme; agente antimicrobiano; reparo tecidual.
Antagonismo in vitro de diferentes isolados de Trichoderma spp. frente ao agente causador da gomose dos citros Phytophtora nicotianae
Authors: Pagin Everton Bruno , Toffano Leonardo , Mazzonetto Fábio , Melo Valéria Peruca de
Published: May 2024

A citricultura no Brasil é afetada por várias doenças, como a gomose, causada por Phytophtora nicotianae Breda de Haan (synonymous whit P. parasitica Dast.), cujo controle é comumente realizado com aplicações de fungicidas e medidas de exclusão. Porém, devido aos custos financeiros e problemas ambientais ocasionados pelo uso intenso destas aplicações, faz-se necessário à busca por métodos alternativos de controle. Dentre os agentes de controle biológico, espécies de fungos pertencentes ao gênero Trichoderma têm sido amplamente estudadas, como antagonistas de vários patógenos de solo, como é o caso de Phytophthora spp. Tais microrganismos, além de biocontroladores, são, também, agentes promotores de crescimento de plantas e, podem agir como indutores de resistência de plantas a patógenos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar cinco isolados de Trichoderma spp. através do crescimento micelial in vitro frente ao isolado de P. nicotianae. E posteriormente verificar a atividade dos compostos voláteis e compostos antimicrobianos liberados em meio de cultura pelo Trichoderma spp. sobre o desenvolvimento e crescimento micelial de P. nicotianae. Este trabalho visou à bioprospecção de agentes biológicos para o controle do patógeno de citros P. nicotianae.
A disciplina “nutrição de cães e gatos” nos cursos de graduação em Zootecnia e Medicina Veterinária
Authors: Denise Rufino Bragança
Published: May 2024

A nutrição desempenha um papel fundamental na saúde e bem-estar de cães e gatos, que passaram a ser membros de muitas famílias em todo o mundo. À medida que cresce a conscientização sobre a importância da nutrição animal, a demanda por profissionais de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia com conhecimento especializado nessa área está aumentando exponencialmente. Neste contexto, a docência no ensino superior desempenha um papel fundamental na formação dos futuros profissionais. Através de práticas educacionais eficazes, os educadores podem preparar os alunos não apenas com conhecimento técnico, mas também com as habilidades, valores e mentalidade necessários para enfrentar os desafios do mercado de trabalho em constante evolução.  Este artigo de revisão de literatura tem como objetivo analisar a adequação do conteúdo programático e do plano de ensino adotados pelas universidades, nos cursos de graduação em Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia no que diz respeito à disciplina de "Nutrição para Cães e Gatos". Além disso, são destacadas as habilidades que os alunos adquirem na disciplina, bem como explorar o quanto o mercado de trabalho demanda por profissionais que possuem expertise em nutrição de cães e gatos.
PHÁT TRIỂN KHU CÔNG NGHIỆP SINH THÁI: NGHIÊN CỨU ĐIỂN HÌNH TẠI KHU CÔNG NGHIỆP CÁI MÉP, TỈNH BÀ RỊA - VŨNG TÀU
Authors: Hồ Thị Thanh Hiền , Nguyễn Điền Châu , Hồ Việt Hùng , Nguyễn Huy Thanh Ngọc
Published: May 2024

Với tỷ trọng đóng góp GDP của ngành công nghiệp trên 35 % (2022), phát triển khu công nghiệp sinh thái và cộng sinh công nghiệp giữ vai trò quan trọng trong xây dựng kinh tế tuần hoàn tại Việt Nam. Nghiên cứu này sử dụng bộ tiêu chí khu công nghiệp sinh thái nhằm thực hiện đánh giá đối với khu công nghiệp Cái Mép, tỉnh Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu. Dữ liệu đánh giá được thu thập từ nhiều nguồn khác nhau: Phỏng vấn chủ đầu tư và ban quản lý khu công nghiệp, điều tra bằng phiếu câu hỏi, khảo sát thực tế, các báo cáo môi trường và website của khu công nghiệp và doanh nghiệp. Kết quả cho thấy các công tác đầu tư cơ sở hạ tầng, dịch vụ và quản lý môi trường được thực hiện theo đúng quy định pháp luật. Khu công nghiệp Cái Mép và các doanh nghiệp trong khu công nghiệp đáp ứng gần như đầy đủ (88/100 %) bộ tiêu chí khu công nghiệp sinh thái của tác giả Trần Thị Mỹ Diệu và cộng sự và đáp ứng 7/9 tiêu chí khu công nghiệp sinh thái theo Nghị định 35/2022/NĐ-CP ngày 28/05/2022. Hiện tại các doanh nghiệp chưa thiết lập được cộng sinh công nghiệp, trong khi đó liên kết cộng sinh công nghiệp là tiêu chí quan trọng để hình thành một khu công nghiệp sinh thái. Trên cơ sở đánh giá, nghiên cứu đã đề xuất các giải pháp tối ưu hóa cơ sở hạ tầng, dịch vụ, quản lý tài nguyên và môi trường nhằm phát triển khu công nghiệp Cái Mép theo các tiêu chí khu công nghiệp sinh thái.
Diverse Leadership Models for Promoting Sustainable Development in Hong Kong: Experiences and Insights
Authors: Sophia LI  , Emily SONG  , CHANGKUI LI
Published: May 2024

This article examines the diverse leadership models employed by the Hong Kong government in promoting sustainable development, including administrative, collaborative, transformational, distributed, servant, and transactional leadership. The implementation of these models reflects the government's comprehensive strategies in environmental policies, technological innovation, and sustainability projects. The article also draws insights from Singapore, Denmark, and Finland, integrating their distinctive leadership approaches to provide new ideas for Hong Kong in achieving sustainable development. The conclusion suggests that adopting a hybrid leadership style can more effectively help Hong Kong achieve its sustainability goals.
Cases as Stories, Laboratories, and Parables
Authors: Johnson Sharon G.
Published: May 2024

The cases in this special volume of The Journal of Biblical Integration in Business have been carefully developed, edited, and presented as a service to every Christian business faculty member who has sought a case study with a Christian worldview. Each of the cases approaches its topic differently. For some cases, the Christian worldview issues are starkly clear – for others the issues are more subtle. For some cases, the issues are fundamentally ethical – for others the issues are more strategic and/or operational. For all the cases, the reader is invited to enter into both a story and laboratory.
Case 2: Coping With Scandal: Individual Redemption and Organizational Recovery
Authors: Balda Janis
Published: May 2024

When Harry called, Heather was glad to hear from him. Harry, the vice president for human resources at CareED, Inc., was a long-time acquaintance. They had worked together at another nonprofit organization earlier in their careers, and Harry left to join CareED when it was a fairly young and small educational organization providing training and technical support in targeted areas of the world. At the time of the phone call, Harry had been with CareED for more than 15 years and had been instrumental in increasing the size of the staff and improving its professionalism.
Case 3: Caveat Emptor? The Consideration of Economic, Ethical, and Biblical Perspectives in Determining Legal Alternatives
Authors: Vollmers Stacy M. , Marsnik Susan J. , Vollmers Clyde
Published: May 2024

Attorney Liz Ryan reviewed the file on her desk in her Denver office. She had a scheduled meeting with John and Susan Jacobson in an hour to review their legal options regarding the faulty construction of their home. This April meeting was a follow-up to the initial meeting held in January 2002. The Jacobsons wanted a solution that would preserve their long-term financial security and honor their Christian values.