bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Social Class and Birth Order on Coping Behaviour in Adolescence
Authors: Dr. Santosh Kumar Gupta  , Dr. Sharda Vishwakarma
Published: December 2021

Present investigation has been made to ascertain the effects of Social Class and Birth Order on Coping Beheviour in Adolescence. A 2X2 factorial design was employed. The two factors studied were: Social Class (General/SC Category), and Birth Order (First and Third child). There were four cells with thirty five subjects in each cell (Total sample consisted of 140 subjects). Dependent variable (Coping Behaviour) in the study was measured by Carver’s COPE scale. Subjects were assessed on total test scores. Results of ANOVA show main effects of Social Class and Birth Order were found significant on total coping test scores but Interaction between Social Class and Birth Order remained insignificant. First Child in birth order were found better on total coping test scores than third child in birth order. Subjects from General category were found better on total coping test scores than SC category. Study suggests further monitoring of the development of SC category for psychological development and to improve coping skills in later birth order children.
A Psychological Study of Vocational Interest among Secondary Students
Authors: Chauhan Ajay  , Prin. Dr. R K Chocha
Published: December 2021

21st Century is said to be an age of science and technology. Man has made speedy advancements in scientific, technological and industrial field. This has immediately influenced all aspects of man’s life. And due to scientific advancement, division of labour and specialization of functions, modern society demands the fullest use of skilled manpower at all levels. Accordingly, there is a need to search talents to increase the productivity level. This necessitates fresh attempt towards search in career orientation with a view to understand the ways in which youth make career choices and multiplicity of factors, which influence their vocational interest.
Compare Mindfulness, Psychological Well-Being and Quality of Life between Working Women and Housewives District 6 Area of Tehran
Authors: Laaya Sadat Naghibi  , Saeid Moutavalli
Published: December 2021

This study aimed to compare mindfulness, psychological well-being and quality of life between working women and housewives district 6 of Tehran. The research method is descriptive and causal-comparative study design. The population of all the housewives and working women of the 6th district of Tehran city with random cluster sampling method and Cochran formula 384, respectively, due to the loss and to ensure the sample size of 400 was determined. Tools of mindfulness questionnaire Brown and Ryan (2003), Psychological well-being questionnaire (2002) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (1998), respectively. The results showed that between working women and housewives on a scale of mindfulness (p =0/0001) There is a significant difference. Also in the psychological well-being scale (p= 0/0003) and its components, except for component dominate the environment there is a significant difference (p >0/05). Also in the variable quality of life (p =0/0004) and its components were also significantly different (p >0/05). Similarly, the mean indicated in all cases of employed women had higher scores were better off. As a result, we can say they have a positive impact on women’s employment.
Behavioral Portrayal of Victim Turning into Offender
Authors: Suman Vaishnav
Published: December 2021

This article highlights the psychosocial cognitive traits and as well as the family structure and functioning of the victims which turn them in to the offensive activities. It is hypothesized that offender is initially a victim of the vulnerable social circumstances. It doesn’t excuse the offender by explaining the responsible psychosocial and cognitive determinants but it is an accent on the prevention of crime with its psychological consequences on victims. It is behavioral analyses of victim turning in to offender. It also intrigues the effecting threads of development and psychosocial theory in this context. It advocates the effective preventive measures with humanitarian approach which can bring considerable change in the society. At the end it recommends reformatory suggestion for both victims and offenders for their social and occupational rehabilitation.
Comparative Study of Self Concept of Boys and Girls of Rural Area of Panipat District of Haryana State
Authors: Ms. Manjeet Kumari
Published: December 2021

Self-concept is the cognitive thinking aspect of the self (related to one’s self image), and it generally refers to the totality of a complex, organized, and dynamic system of learned beliefs, attitudes, and opinions that each person holds to be true about his or her personal existence and where he or she belongs in the world. The main concern of this paper is to study the self concept of boys and girls of rural area. For this purpose the sample was selected from 2 rural schools of Panipat district. A numbers of 100 students (50 boys and 50 girls) were participated in the study. Random sampling was used in the study. Self Concept rating Scale developed by Deo (1998) was used to collect data. The results revealed that there is no significant relationship between the self concept of boys and girls.
Smell as an Emotional Stimulant in Horticultural Therapy: Lessons from Activities Conducted for Orphanage Children in Bangalore
Authors: V. Karthikeyan  , Surya Suresh , S. Ramyapriya
Published: December 2021

Objective: Horticultural therapy is a relatively new practice in India conducted in small pockets. In this paper we focused on determining the importance of natural fragrance in stress reduction, improved productivity and increased self-confidence. Data collection: The session was conducted with a group of orphanage children ranging from 7 to 20 years (n = 27; male = 17, female = 10). Analysis: We used the Rosenberg scale to measure self-esteem of participants. Children with depression were uplifted by the different fragrance related activities. Results: All activities aided in boosting their self-esteem and self-confidence, which encourage social interaction among other children (normal school children) and with the management. Conclusion: In this study we concluded that the human emotional system is highly correlated with the sense of smell. Plants serve as a powerful tool for healing and can be constructively used to improve mental and physical wellbeing especially in an urban environment where health is a compromised asset.
Holistic Talent Profile (HTP) A Student Empowerment Model
Authors: Dr. Nimrat Singh
Published: December 2021

The aim of the study is to help students of Grade X to look beyond marks while choosing the appropriate stream and subjects. The sample of 431 grade X students were selected from an Urban and Rural Trust run school as part of the CSR project of a Pharmaceutical Company. Students were administered the interest, aptitude and personality tests (HTP) and the findings of the Holistic Talent Profile was discussed with parents in the group session that was followed by one-to-one feedback to parents and the student. To make this project impactful, 72 teachers underwent intensive training to enhance their teaching techniques, class room management and soft skills; so that they could guide and support the students to maximize their performance. The findings indicate positive qualitative and quantitative improvement in students’ performance, teachers approach and parental attitude. Teachers and parents became more empathic and supportive towards students. Students responded positively to the change and it was evident in their rigour and focus.
Anxiety and Psychological Well-Being among Adult and Old Age
Authors: M. Nagaraj
Published: December 2021

The study: Psychological wellbeing refers to how people evaluate their life. According to World Health Organization psychological well being is one of the key elements of our health. The study investigates the anxiety and psychological well-being and whether any relationship exists between time of evaluation and severity of the problems. Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify anxiety and psychological wellbeing of adult and old age people. To find the relationship between anxiety and psychological well-being of adult and old age people. Sample Size: Data were collected 120 respondents. 60 were adult (Male and Female) and 60 were old age (Male and Female). For old age, the data collected from the old age homes and for adult from office sectors. Simple random sampling method was used to collect the sample. Method: The Research instrument was used for psychological well-being, Psychological well-being questionnaire (Sudha Bhogle, 1995). For Anxiety, DASS-21(Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995). ‘t’-test was applied to analyze the difference of the adult and old age. For Anxiety and Psychological well-being, the Karl-Pearson ‘r’ method was used to check the correlation. Results and Findings: The result will reveal there is a significance difference in anxiety and psychological wellbeing among adult and old age. And there is a negative correlation indicates between anxiety and psychological wellbeing, that means higher the anxiety lower the psychological wellbeing and lower the anxiety higher the psychological wellbeing.
Deciphering Human Emotions through Music -A Heuristic Avenues in Research
Authors: N Mohammed Abu Basim
Published: December 2021

As a “New Age traveller”, I used to move a lot to see the sights of different places, as a part of leisure pursuit since childhood. During this, I can’t fail to recall to proceeds towards assured stuffs which consist of prescriptions, walk-in wardrobe assortments, safety equipment and the most essential is my iPod. It is unbearable for me to travel devoid of my music player. The main intention behind this is “listening music during travel help to reminisce earlier happenings”. Each song in my playlist makes me to think of the beautiful and unpleasant happenings taken place in my life. So I can cognize the conception, that music is all ways related to human emotions. The main problem starts here, for instance: the songs in playlist were sorted out and played in the randomized manner and not according to human emotions. This theme perplexed me a lot. Is this possible to design a music player which has the ability to play music based on emotions? This paper is no way related to any new methodologies of designing a system which can understand human emotions. As a layman in musical research, I try to review the papers to explore that music can understand emotions. It also helps in understanding the constructive effects of music due to disturbances and variations in mood swings. Finally, it also dealt about the behavior personas, inborn and biological aspects which are due to the efficacy of music intercessions, neuro-chemical and anatomical homologues which are related to musical experiences in human.
Personality Type and Friendship among Emerging Adults
Authors: Dr. Kavita Koradia  , Shivani Mathur
Published: December 2021

Personality of an individual determines the different dimensions of friendship. This study aimed to explore relationship among personality type A & B characteristics and dimensions of friendship in emerging adults. A total of 180 emerging adults within the age range of 22-25 years living in nuclear families, equally divided according to gender (90 women & 90 men) from three selected disciplines (30 each) Arts, Science and Commerce were selected through purposive sampling technique. For the present study, two inventories, namely The Scale ‘ABBPS’ by Dhar and Jain (2001) and Dimensions of Friendship Scale (DFS) by Chandna & Chandha (1986) were used to obtain data. Results on Dimension of Friendship Scale (DFS) revealed that emerging adults rated Trust, Respect, Mutual Assistance and Spontaneity higher than the other dimensions. Gender differences were also reported on the same A significant difference was found in Personality Type B participants whose discipline was Arts. On contrary, there was no significant difference found in Personality Type A participants. In conclusion, present study would be helpful to academicians, counselors, clinicians to understand the dynamics of friendship among Personality type A & B.
Study of Stress Level Contributing To the Superstitious Behavior
Authors: Dr. Manasvi Shrivastav
Published: December 2021

In this research, researcher studied the relation between stress and superstitious behavior. This study carried out in UP. To assess the level of stress, stress scale of M.Singh (2002) has been used and to assess superstitious behaviour self-constructed scale has been used. Chi square technique has been used for data analysis. The relation between stress level and superstitious behaviour is significant at 0.01 level of confidence. Hence, it has been concluded that high stress lead to high superstitious behaviour.
Academic Achievement in Mathematics Subject among Secondary School Students in Madurai, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Baraneeswari Paulpandi
Published: December 2021

A descriptive research study was aimed to find and compare secondary school student’s mathematics achievement of students studying in Tamil medium and students studying in English medium conducted in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. Eighty students were selected from simple random sampling techniques- 40 students studying in Tamil medium from government aided school and 40 students studying in English medium from private school. Academic achievement of mathematics subject was assessed by conducting screening test. The investigator prepared 25 questions from mathematics subject. Each question carried four marks and total mark was 100. The results revealed that students studying in English medium were performed better academic achievement in mathematics subject than the students studying in Tamil medium. Students studying in private school were performed better academic achievement in mathematics subject than the students studying in government aided school. Students of literate parents were performed better academic achievement in mathematics than the students of illiterate parents.
Role of Hope and Perceived Social Support in Predicting Posttraumatic Growth among Half- Widows in Kashmir
Authors: Sadaf Anjum  , Shahina Maqbool
Published: December 2021

Purpose: The study investigates the role of hope and perceived social support in predicting posttraumatic growth among half-widows in Kashmir. Method: A correlational design was applied. The sample consists of 150 half widows with age ranging between (35-65) yrs, taken from Srinagar, Kupwara and Kulgam districts in Kashmir. Purposive sampling was the technique used for collection of data. Tools used: The Posttraumatic growth inventory developed by Tedeschi and Calhoun in 1996 is a 21-item, 6-point scale self-report measure. The summation of all 21 items yielded a total growth score which can range from 0 to 105. Higher scores were indicative of greater growth. In the present study, internal consistency (Cronbach’s α) of the total score was .96 and item-total correlations ranged from .59 to .82. The Trait Hope Scale (Snyder et al., 1991), comprising the 4-item Agency subscale and the 4-item Pathways subscale. Items are scored on an 8-point Likert scale, anchors ranging from ‘1 = Definitely False’ to ‘8 = Definitely True’. Both subscales have adequate internal reliability, with Cronbach’s alphas ranging from .70 to .84 for the Agency subscale, and from .63 to .86 for the Pathways subscale (Snyder et al., 1991). Perceived Social Support was measured using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The MSPSS was developed by Zimet et al. (1988). The scale is a 12-item self-report measure for subjective assessment of experienced social support from three sources: Family, Friends, and Significant Other. Each item is rated on a 7-point Likert-type scale ranging from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”. The total score ranges from 12 to 84 for the entire 12-item questionnaire and from 4 to 28 for each of the three subscales. For these three subscales higher scores indicate greater perceived social support. In the current study reliability coefficient of the scale is 0.89.
Self Esteem among Male and Female Adolescents
Authors: Amenah Rashid  , Dr. Syeda Razia Bukhari  , Syeda ishrat Fatima  , Farhana Saba  , Firdous  Afzal
Published: December 2021

The aim of present study is to examine difference in the level of self esteem among male and female adolescents. A total of 200 participants (100 male and 100 female) with age limit 11 years to 15years) (mean age = 14.16, SD = 0.740) were selected from different schools of Karachi, Pakistan, through convenient sampling technique. First the ensured about the confidentiality of their demographic information then Urdu version of Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) was administered on them. Results depicted that there is difference in the level of self esteem among male and female adolescents (t (198) = 2.837, P< .05). It is concluded that there is gender difference in the level of self esteem among adolescents. The finding of present research can interpreted in terms of personality dynamic that has contribution in formation adolescents’ self-esteem. Some implications are required for enhancement of their self esteem.
Python Based Reverse Timing Algorithm for Human Brain Activity Using Color Psychology
Authors: Naveen Balaji. G  , Rajesh. D
Published: December 2021

This paper attempts to show that human brain performance based on the color hits to retina. Reversing the time will make better performance than time in clockwise. Algorithm for reverse time been created in python tkinter. Digital clock runs continuously every day in reverse order. Indication is based on colors that glows on the digital numbers make some changes in human activity to concentrate more on a particular work.
Intelligence and Personality among Gurukul, Kreedakul and Gharkul School System Students
Authors: Shilpa Salve  , R. S. Mhaske  , Bhupender Singh
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between personality and Intelligence among Gurukul, Kreedakul and Gharkul school system students. The study aimed to investigate how the different groups i.e. Gurukul, Kreedakul, and Gharkul, school system and Gender influence the personality and Intelligence of the students. The sample comprised of 90 students from 9th standard, from Jnana Prabodhini School, Nigdi, which included 30 from Gurukul (15 males, 15 Females), 30 from Kreedakul (15 males, 15 Females) and 30 from Gurukul (15 males, 15 Females). No significant gender difference found and in addition, difference due to school system was also not found. Among the Big Five Factors, Agreeableness was found to be correlated negatively with Intelligence (r = -.275). While exploring the differences due to school system on the correlation of personality factors and Intelligence, a significant negative correlation was found among agreeableness and Intelligence (r = -.379, p<.01) in participants from Gharkul school system.
Analysis of Certain Aspects of Nonlinearity in Mental Processes within the Frame Work of Vedic Science
Authors: Radhey Shyam Kaushal
Published: December 2021

Attempts are made to highlight and quantify the nonlinearity through mathematical models that arise in the study of certain phenomena in human behavior and experiences. For this purpose, we employ a philosophical atom-like (patomic) model for the dynamics of inner and outer essences of life which in fact constitute the human Being in accordance with the tenets of Vedic science. In particular, the evolution of thoughts and of the so called ‘mindset’ function with respect to the meditation parameter (µ) is studied. The stability analysis of the underlying nonlinear equations is expected to provide the island of peace and pleasure out of the day-to-day actions performed by a person.
A Study on the Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Occupational Stress of Secondary School Teachers
Authors: Ayesha Anjum  , Dr. P Swathi
Published: December 2021

Emotional Intelligence (EI) refers to “The capacity for recognizing our own feelings and those of others, for motivating ourselves, for managing emotions well in ourselves and in our relationships.” (Goleman, 1995). Occupational stress is the stress that an employee experiences due to his occupation. It is also called as Work Stress. Stress is the response of the body in a threatening situation. The objective of the study is to find out the relationship between emotional intelligence and occupational stress among secondary school teachers. In the present study, the sample consists of 60 secondary school teachers’ from Hyderabad within the age range of 20 to 60 years. They were divided into 30 teachers with high emotional intelligence and 30 with low emotional intelligence using emotional intelligence scale by Shutte, 1998. Then, the occupational stress index was administered to these two groups. Correlational Analysis and t-ratio was used to test the significant difference between both groups. The result shows that there is a difference of occupational stress levels in the two groups. It was proved that teachers with low emotional intelligence have high levels of occupational stress and the teachers with high emotional intelligence have low levels of occupational stress. The results also show a negative correlation between emotional intelligence and stress.
Construction and Validation of Menopausal Symptoms Checklist- An Exploration
Authors: Remya  , Jayan. C
Published: December 2021

Aim of the present study is to construct a checklist of menopausal symptoms, which we can identify the pre, peri and post-menopausal symptoms systematically and objectively by content validation. Implications of the study have aimed for an integrated holistic approach for alleviating these menopausal symptoms .Thus helping the females to attain a tension free menopausal life. This study was conducted in two phases. In first phase a review of literature was done through Qualitative Analysis -Meta analytic technique to find out the Bio-Psycho-Social symptoms. Based on this, four major groups of menopausal symptoms-Vasomotor, Vaginal, Psychological and Physiological symptoms were identified.  In Second Phase, a pilot study conducted using 50 participants between age group of 35-60 and Thematic Analysis was used to finalize the symptoms of menopausal checklist formed.
Self Efficacy and Academic Achievement among Female Engineering Students Studying In Single Sex and Co-Education Institutes
Authors: Priyadarshini V. Ramteke  , Ramteke
Published: December 2021

The present study was designed to investigate whether the single sex and coeducation environment have any impact on developing self efficacy beliefs and academic achievement of female engineering students. The sample consists of 150 female engineering students studying in single sex and co-education institutes at RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur. Data were collected by administering self efficacy scale developed by Mathur and Bhatnagar (2012). For academic grade the average of percentage among various semesters were calculated. Mean standard deviation and One Way ANOVA was used to analyze the data. Result revealed that students studying in single sex and coeducation institutes differ significantly in academic achievement, but no significant difference was found on self efficacy scores of both the groups.
Development and Psychometric Assessment of Social Support Scale for Within Country Migrated Students
Authors: Khan Abraruzzaman Khan  , B. Hasan
Published: December 2021

The objective of the present piece of work was to the development and psychometric assessment of social support scale for within country migrated students (SSS-WCMS). Following the incidental cum random sampling technique, 200 North Indian students within the age range of 18 to 24 years were drawn from different colleges of Warangal districts, Telangana, India. Dimensions of social support were decided on the basis of literature. Items were pooled out by unstructured interviews. Exploratory factor analysis (FEA) of 18-item pool yielded a 14-item measure with four independent dimensions viz. emotional support, informational support, companionship support and tangible support. The items communalities ranges are greater than .400. Overall variance explained by all these factors is 53.90%. Confirmatory factor analysis also confirmed the explored all four factors from the EFA. The findings indicated that SSS-WCMS has sufficient convergent and discriminant validity. The composite reliability was more than .700 for each of the five factors. It is concluded that there is sufficient empirical and statistical evidence of composite reliability, construct, convergent, discriminant validities of SSS-WCMS.
Emotional Intelligence and Team Effectiveness: A Study among Correctional Officers of West Bengal
Authors: Madhabi Sarkar  , Anjali Ray
Published: December 2021

The stressful correctional organization always needs emotionally intelligent officers for maintaining safety and security through effective team functioning. In this regard, the present study had aimed to find out the impact of emotional intelligence on team effectiveness of correctional officers of West Bengal correctional homes. For such purpose, data were collected from 100 correctional officers of correctional homes of West Bengal by using three tools – i) General Informational Schedule, ii) Emotional Intelligence Scale (Schutte, 1998) and iii) Team Effectiveness Scale (Pareek, 2002). Responses were treated for correlational analysis, regression analysis, etc. The data based facts revealed that the emotional intelligence along with its four components had positive correlation with the levels of team effectiveness. The results also stated that team effectiveness was successfully predicted by emotional intelligence.
Media Exposure as Predictor of Childhood Obesity in Children Aged 7-12 Years in Gurgaon
Authors: Kavita Bhatnagar  , Dr. Roopali Sharma
Published: December 2021

Childhood obesity is a serious health condition, where kids weigh above the normal weight for their age. This sets an early stage for diseases like diabetes, high blood pressure, cholesterol and various other ailments that are actually related to adulthood. While the problem is global, it is relatively newer in Indian population but unfortunately; it is growing at a rapid rate. Increased consumption of fast food, sugar laden fizzy drinks, lack of physical activity and largely sedentary lifestyle comprising of watching television, playing video or computer games, playing on mobile phones and tablets due to the changing urban lifestyle are the major causes of childhood obesity.200 children aged 7-12 years attending a Public School in Gurgaon, participated in the study. Weight and height were measured and the BMI was calculated. Media exposure was assessed by a questionnaire designed especially for the study. Among all participants, a large number of children were found to be obese and overweight. Prevalence of obesity and overweight was higher in boys than girls. A large number of children had a screen time of more than five hours per day and several watched Television while eating, many children had TV in their bed rooms, most had Internet access and nearly everyone played video games daily. Easy accessibility of TV, smart phones and Internet has a strong relationship with childhood obesity and overweight.
The Use of Identity Structure Analysis (ISA) As an Aid to Assessment and Formulation of Social Anxiety
Authors: Lynn D. Mackie  , Graham J. Passmore  , Rebecca Wemyss
Published: December 2021

This case study takes an approach to the assessment and formulation of social anxiety that makes use of Identity Structure Analysis (Weinreich, 2003) alongside ratings obtained from the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale. Identity Structure Analysis uses a socio-developmental psychological approach to identity formation that places emphasis on biographical development in socio-historical settings. In doing so it offers insights into the nature of social anxiety. More particularly, ISA reveals (at various biographical stages) construals of identities of self and of the identities of influential others in various life domains (social, home, and work). It is proposed that ISA findings offer insights that might be used alongside conventional psychometrics serving as an aid to the assessment and formulation of social anxiety for the purposes of augmented CBT.
A Comparative Study of Job Satisfaction between Public Sector and Private Sector Employees
Authors: Aram Almas
Published: December 2021

The major objective of present study was to compare the level of job satisfaction between public sector and private sector bank employees. A total of 100- 50 public sector (25 male & 25 female) and 50 private sector (25 male & 25 female) employees were randomly selected from different Banks of Azamgarh ranging between 25-45 years of age .Dr. Amar Singh and T.R. Sharma’s ‘Job Satisfaction Scale’ was administered to measure the job satisfaction of bank employees. The result indicated that sex and type of sector had significant impact over job satisfaction of bank employees respondents. The interaction between type of sector and sex was also found significant.
Self-Compassion as the Predictor of Flourishing of the Students
Authors: Yogendra Verma  , Gyanesh Kumar Tiwari
Published: December 2021

The study aimed to examine the impacts of self-compassion and gender on the human flourishing of the participants. Five hundred undergraduate and postgraduate students with an equal number of male and female served as the participants in the study. The age of the male participants ranged from 17 years to 25 years (M = 20.13, SD = 2.15) whereas the age of female participants spanned from 18 years to 25 years (M = 19.89, SD = 1.85). Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003a) and Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (Keyes, 2005) were employed to measure the self-compassion and flourishing of the participants, respectively. The results of the study exhibited no gender differences in self-compassion and flourishing of the male and female participants. The male and female participants with low, average and high levels of self-compassion differed significantly in their evocation of mean scores of flourishing. The results of the study also evinced that scores on self-kindness, common humanity and mindfulness components of self-compassion demonstrated positive correlations with the hedonic human flourishing, social well-being, psychological well-being, eudaimonic human flourishing and overall human flourishing. Contrarily, the scores of self-judgement were found to be negatively correlated with the scores of human flourishing and its components of the male, female and all the participants. It is evident that the positive components of self-compassion were positively correlated with the different components of human flourishing. Lastly, the results of the study demonstrated that the scores on self-kindness, common humanity and mindfulness components of self-compassion accounted for significant variance in the scores of hedonic human flourishing, social well-being, psychological well-being, eudaimonic human flourishing and overall human flourishing. Conversely, the variance caused by the scores of self-judgement, isolation and over-identification parts of self-compassion in the scores of these measures was low and statistically non-significant positive. The results of the study have significant implications for the researchers, academicians, laymen, counselors and clinical psychologists. The findings of the present study have been discussed in the light of current theories of self-compassion and human flourishing. The limitations and future directions for research have also been discussed.
What Lies Beneath? An exploration of Secrets held by Urban Youth
Authors: Shanti Shanker  , Dilip M. Panikker
Published: December 2021

Every day in life one may have myriad experiences, however, there may be some events or thoughts that an individual may choose not to share it with anyone. This ability to keep the information to ourselves, is not an easy process and is an active intentional cognitive process. Secrets is something that each individual has, however, there has been a lack of empirical interest in this topic. What may be the function of this process and does it have any links to developmental stages or does it inform any aspects of counseling? In an exploratory study, secrets from 172 participants were collected and analyzed. The results provide evidence that suggests secrets may have a developmental basis. Further, the feelings associated with secrets are negative, thus providing support for our contention that the events precipitating the secret have their source in the shadow archetypes.
Relationship between Gratitude and Teacher Effectiveness
Authors: Laly Augustine  , Dr. Romate John  , Dr. Yuju Francis
Published: December 2021

The researcher in this study explores teachers’ positive emotion of gratitude and its effect on teacher effectiveness. The objective of the study was to discover the relationship between gratitude and teacher effectiveness .The researcher undertook a study in which 65 high school teachers from Karnataka state participated. The researcher has employed simple random method to fulfill the sampling procedure. Gratitude questionnaire (McCullough et al., 2002) and Teacher Effectiveness questionnaire (Kulsum, 2000) were used for data collection via survey method. Pearson Correlation Coefficient was administered to find the correlation of the variables. The findings confirmed that there was positive correlation between gratitude and teacher effectiveness. Moreover, gratitude and factors of teacher effectiveness are also found positive relationship except class management of the teachers. The implications and limitations of the study are also discussed.
Role of Personality Traits on Depression among Undergraduate University Students
Authors: Satyananda Panda
Published: December 2021

Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration. These problems can become acute or recurrent and lead to substantial impairments in an individual’s ability to take care of his or her everyday responsibilities. It is a complex disorder which can manifest under a variety of circumstances and due to a multiplicity of factors. The rate of depression increases during the adolescence period where there is a greater risk for substance abuse and other psychiatric co-morbidities. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to look into the effect of personality dimension on the level of depression amongst the undergraduate university students. For the said purpose, both independent variables (gender, personality) as well as dependent variable (depression) were undertaken. A non clinical sample of 100 undergraduate students from SRM University, Gangtok falling in the age group of 19-25 years participated. They were assessed by the following tools: the socio-demographic data sheet, the Beck Depression Inventory II and the revised NEO five factor inventory. The data collected were analyzed on the basis of Statistical Package for Social Science Version 22. The study found a significant and positive correlation of extraversion with openness and conscientiousness and significant difference between male and female undergraduate university students on extraversion, openness and conscientiousness dimension of personality.
Effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Body Scan Meditation: A Case Study of Alcohol Dependence Patient
Authors: Shobha Yadav
Published: December 2021

The present study examines the effectiveness of body scan meditation of mindfulness based stress reduction on craving in patient with alcohol dependence. An inpatient of 36year old with diagnosis of alcohol dependence disorder as per ICD-10 DCR criterion was selected purposively, from Central Institute of Psychiatry, Ranchi. Following detoxification subject was evaluated for withdrawal symptoms, severity of alcohol dependence and craving. The subject was purposefully assigned for receiving body scan meditation, underwent 45 minutes guided meditation and 15 minutes discussion for one week. Patient showed significant reduction in craving after one week body scan meditation. Findings of current study shows that there is significant reduction in craving after one week of body scan meditation in alcohol dependence patient.
Problems, Difficulties and Challenges Faced by Counsellors
Authors: Maxim Pereira  , surya Rekha
Published: December 2021

Even though counselling is as old as Psychology in India, counselling education at post-graduate level and counsellors working in diverse settings are of recent origin. Not much is known about the problems, difficulties and challenges the counsellors face. The current study is done within the qualitative framework, with exploratory study design for which 14 participants who were working in different settings like school, college, employee assistant programme (EAP), family counselling centre, psychiatric rehabilitation centre, de-addiction centre, private practice, multiple settings, counselling centre, Christian religious setting, HIV/Aids centre were chosen through purposive sampling and were interviewed. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed using qualitative content analysis and the emerging themes were noted. The study showed among others, that the counsellors face several problems, difficulties and challenges like, lack of awareness of counselling among people, inadequate pay, job insecurity, absence of a professional body to regulate counselling, lack of network of counsellors and mental health professionals for seeking supervision and consultation, and so on. Implications for counsellor training, professional development are discussed.
Gender Differences in Cognitive Dissonance
Authors: Rex Jose Joseph  , Dr. Rangaiah B
Published: December 2021

Cognitive dissonance explains how humans strive to attain internal consistency. The theory of cognitive dissonance was proposed by Leon Festinger(1956). This particular study is aimed at studying the gender differences in cognitive dissonance. The tools used were a socio-demographic questionnaire developed by the researcher along with the DISS-R questionnaire (Cassel and Chow, 2000). The scores were analyzed with the help of a one-way ANOVA to assess for gender differences in the scores obtained on the eight different areas of dissonance assessed by the DISS-R. It was found out that females were more dissonant in the Internal and Personal areas specifically the Personal Adjustment and Health and Wellness, whereas males were more dissonant in the External and Impersonal areas especially in Schooling and Learning and Subservience/Dominance divisions. .
Influence of Hardiness on Achievement Motivation of Adolescents
Authors: Dr. Mohammad Akram  , Prof. Mohd. Ilyas Khan
Published: December 2021

The present study examined the influence of hardiness and achievement motivation of adolescents. The sample comprised 400 adolescents of senior secondary schools (Boys and Girls section) of Aligarh Muslim University and Aligarh Public School, Aligarh (U.P.). There were 200 adolescents from science stream (100 boys and 100 girls) and 200 adolescents from social science stream (100 boys and 100 girls). Sample was further divided on the basis of scores obtained on hardiness scale as low hardy and high hardy. Low hardy subjects score ranges from 84 to 98 and the high hardy subjects score ranges from 111 to 134. The short version of Hardiness Scale (HS) developed by Kobasa and Maddi (1982) and achievement motivation scale (AMS) was constructed and standardized by Shah Beena (1986) used in the present study. Results revealed that main effect of hardiness was found statistically significant on achievement motivation of adolescent’s i.e., achievement motivation level of high hardy adolescents were found much better than low hardy adolescents. Further, gender also has significant effect on achievement motivation, i.e., boys scored higher than girls which imply that they have different levels of competence. Adolescents of both streams (Science and Social sciences) did not differ on their achievement motivation.
Locus of Control among the Banjara Community Student’s of Junior Colleges
Authors: Mr. Mahendra Govind Khare  , Dr. C. P. Labhane
Published: December 2021

The present research aims at to measuring the Locus of control among the banjara community students of junior colleges. Rotters Locus of control scale will be used to measure the Locus of control level of Adolescent for this study the sample of 240 students of age range 16 to 18 years studying in 11th and 12th Classes were selected from different junior colleges of Jalgaon District.
Fear of Failure and Perfectionism in Young Adults
Authors: Geeta Sunkarapalli  , Trishi Agarwal
Published: December 2021

“Fear of failure is a motive to avoid failure in evaluative situations based on anticipatory shame upon failure” (Atkinson, 1957). “Perfectionism is a personality disposition characterized by striving for flawlessness and setting exceedingly high standards of performance accompanied by overly critical evaluations of one’s behavior” (Hewitt & Flett, 1991). Relationship between fear of failure and perfectionism was examined. Data was collected from 200 young adults from Hyderabad using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory (Conroy et al., 2002) and Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (Hewitt & Flett, 2004) were used. Data was analyzed using t-test and correlation. Results show a significant positive correlation between fear of failure and perfectionism. Interventions to help reduce Fear of Failure and Perfectionism can be developed.
Gender Difference between Modernizations
Authors: Dr. Ramesh D. Waghmare
Published: December 2021

The study was undertaken to study the Modernization of male and female college students of district Jalna (M.S.). The sample of the study consisted 400college students (200 male students and 200 female students). Randomly secreted from Difference College of Jalna District. Singh, R.S., Tripathi, A.N. and Lal, Ramji: by Modernization scale was used data collection. The data collected was statistically treated by using mean, SD and one way ANOVA. The findings of the study revealed that there is no significant difference between boys and girls graduate student dimension on Socio-Religions. There is no significant difference between boys and girls graduate student dimension on Marriage. There is no significant difference between boys and girls graduate student dimension on Position of Women. Girls graduate student have significantly high Education than Boy graduate student. There is no significant difference between boys and girls graduate student dimension on Modernization.
Impact of Internet Addiction on Students
Authors: Rita  , Dr. Manju Pandey
Published: December 2021

The present study was conducted to assess the internet addiction level on students of intermediate class students and Post-graduate students. This study consisted sample of 80 students subject (40 intermediate class students divided into 20 males & 20 females, and 40 Post-graduate class students divided into 20 males & 20 females) selected through quota sampling technique from Srinagar city of Garhwal (Uttarakhand). Data was collected by internet addiction test developed by Kimberly young. For statistical analysis Mean, SD, and t-test were applied in this study. The results revealed that there is a significant difference between intermediate class males & female students and post-graduate class males & female students.
Effects of Social Media on Mental Health: A Review
Authors: Hilal Bashir  , Shabir Ahmad Bhat
Published: December 2021

From past two decade social media beheld a sporadic enhancement in quantity, quality and utility. As the body of an individual is nourished by the intake of necessary mineral elements obtained through nutrition, likewise human mind is nurtured by the availability of nutrition for thoughts. Now a day’s which is readily available through the advancement of technology, thereby opening a platform for discussion between social media and mental health of present era. From the dawn of internet and social networking sites human resources of contemporary world have become more social virtually but less practically. This virtual life is isolating present man from other fellow beings thereby affecting his health (mental & physical) and overall balance. Increased usage of social networking among adults of the present era is a matter of concern for the parents, society & researchers, as there are always two sides (positive & negative) of every innovation. The aim of present research is to explore the effect of social media on mental health. To achieve said purpose, the investigator reviewed and synthesized available related literature. Literature summed so far reveals that younger generation operates susceptibly. As a confronting population of the present era, younger generation is experiencing embryonic stage of life and is at higher risk of serious mental health problem. Younger generation of present era is acting as active users of social media which has affinity towards the problems of mental health. The present perilous situation requires more understanding, to know relation between social media and mental health problems is just a kick off point. Exploring and understanding the means with the help of which social media is affecting mental health of present younger generation is succeeding step which can illuminate the connections which are at play among these variables of young generation.
Relationship of Interpersonal Solidarity and Student Engagement with Psychological Well-being
Authors: Shahina H  , Christina Mariam Chacko  , Seena M. Mathai
Published: December 2021

An average adolescent in Kerala is expected to concentrate on his or her academics. All other aspects like spiritual, psychological and social development are given scant attention. As the young person completes education, world demands competencies that are not taught in schools and the critical time of acquisition of these core competencies are long past. Interpersonal Solidarity is one among them. The present study intends to examine the relationship between Interpersonal Solidarity, student engagement and wellbeing among adolescents. A sample of 120 college students between the age 18 to 23 was selected from in and around Ernakulam District. Student Engagement Inventory by Christenson et al. (2006), Interpersonal Solidarity Scale by Wheeless (1978) and Scale for Psychological Wellbeing by Ryff (1995) were chosen to collect the quantitative data. The results indicate that Cognitive Engagement is found to have a significant relationship with solidarity and wellbeing, Inter-personal solidarity is found to have a significant relationship with Psychological engagement, Future Aspirations and Goals and well-being. The results imply that better interpersonal solidarity with teachers, elders, family members, peer members- through open talks, tutorials etc help the individual to gain greater openness as well as help the individual to channelize their energy in their goal direction rather than becoming confused and orienting to negative channels. This will help them to realize the value of the education they receive and also helps to be in love with it which in turn contribute to their wellbeing. Limited sample size and small geographical area of study are the major limitations of this study.
A Study of Correlates of Achievement of Students in Elements of Book Keeping and Accountancy for STD XI in Mehsana District
Authors: Dr. Trupti S. Upadhyay
Published: December 2021

Commerce is one of the subjects which is helpful to understand the economic status of particular region, which leads the market and provide direction to powerful economic status establishment. Subject teaching in classroom should be implemented with reference to achievement, intelligence and numerical ability of the students to get effective result.