bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metaphoric construction of corruption in Nigerian media discourse
Authors: Kamalu Ikenna , Anasiudu Okwudiri , Fakunle Rabiat Oiza
Published: June 2023

Conceptual metaphor theory (CMT) and cultural linguistics (CL), which form the chief theoretical anchor for this study, express the role of language, culture and cognition in the construal and expression of human experiences. The approaches posit that the metaphorical use of language by an individual or group is shaped by their ideological orientation, knowledge of their natural and social world, and their cultural worldview. This study investigates the metaphorical use of language by the Nigerian print media in their attempts to express ideation on corruption in the Nigerian public sector. There has not been any deliberate and rigorous attempt to study the metaphorical representation of corruption in the Nigerian media discourse, hence this study aims at addressing the lacuna. Thus, this study uses insights from CMT and CL to identify, classify and analyse some of these metaphors in six Nigerian newspapers, namely; The Guardian, Punch, Daily Trust, The Nation, Vanguard and The Sun. The study shows that print media reports of corruption in Nigeria involving powerful social actors such as politicians, government appointees, career civil servants, academics, the military, the media and others have often used metaphorical frames that emanate from the domains of disease, war and conflict, enmity, impediment to movement, violent natural forces, monstrosity, among others, to describe the incidence, scope, effects and consequences of public sector corruption in Nigeria.
Redefining the subcultural: the sub and the cultural
Authors: Hannerz Erik
Published: June 2023

Arguing against the previous research’s presumption that the subcultural constitutes a single set of meaning, this article addresses the simple question of what constitutes the subcultural? What does it mean when we address an object, practice, identity, or meaning structure as subcultural? Through outlining three dominant strands in regards to how subcultural difference has been defined, the author argues that the previous research on subcultural theory has been preoccupied with a definition of subcultures as being a response to external structural problems, with the result that both the “sub” and the “cultural” become dependent variables. Drawing from his work on punks in Sweden and Indonesia the author argues that although differing, the different strands in regards to subcultural difference can nevertheless be combined into a refinement of subcultural theory that moves beyond style to how objects, actions, and identities are communicated, interpreted, and acted upon. Such a refinement, the author argues, provides for an analysis of plurality within the subcultural in relation to multiple structures of meaning. An increased focus on the prefix sub and its relation to the root cultural allows for a discussion of how the subcultural is symbolically extended and more so, how this involves both conflict and alternative interpretations.
ПОВСЯКДЕННЕ ЖИТТЯ ПОВОЄННОГО УКРАЇНСЬКОГО СЕЛА (рецензія на монографію: Марченко В. А., Нікілєв О. Ф. Повсякденне життя повоєнного українського села (середина 1940-х – перша половина 1950-х рр.). Дніпро: Ліра, 2022. 180 с.)
Authors: КОРНОВЕНКО Сергій , ШАМРАЙ Олександр
Published: June 2023

рецензія на монографію: Марченко В. А., Нікілєв О. Ф. Повсякденне життя повоєнного українського села (середина 1940-х – перша половина 1950-х рр.). Дніпро: Ліра, 2022. 180 с.
ДОКУМЕНТИ РАННЬОМОДЕРНОЇ ДОБИ ЯК ВАГОМИЙ ВНЕСОК У ДЖЕРЕЛОЗНАВСТВО УКРАЇНИ (рецензія на збірник: Документи Брацлавського воєводства 1607 – 1648 років з архіву Пісочинських / упорядники М. Крикун, О. Піддубняк, О. Вінниченко. Львів – Вінниця, 2022. 1023 с.
Authors: КУПЧИНСЬКА Зоряна
Published: June 2023

рецензія на збірник: Документи Брацлавського воєводства 1607 – 1648 років з архіву Пісочинських / упорядники М. Крикун, О. Піддубняк, О. Вінниченко. Львів – Вінниця, 2022. 1023 с.
Challenges and Benefits of Bringing a Partnership Lens to Allyship
Authors: Warren Meg
Published: June 2023

Male allyship offers a key opportunity for men to serve as partners in fostering women’s sense of inclusion and belonging. Yet male allyship research rarely takes on a partnership lens to study allyship from the perspectives of both men and women in allyship dyads. In recent research that took a partnership lens to study male allyship in male-dominated environments within academia, severe challenges arose in recruiting dyadic samples. In this article, I explore why women in male-dominated fields within academia may choose not to participate in dyadic research by reviewing personal communications by non-respondents. Content analysis of the personal communications (n=50) revealed five themes: Work Pressure and Lack of Time, Lack of Anonymity, Being Judged for Work Priorities, Absence of Collegiality, and Hostile Workplace. Of note, the work environment of women in male-dominated disciplines of academia may be more challenging than other types of organizations, precipitating low participation in dyadic research. Implications for taking a partnership lens to conduct allyship research with women in male-dominated disciplines within academia are discussed.
Chronicles of a Transformative Movement: Strengthening our Interconnectedness
Authors: Veda Gunjan
Published: June 2023

How does a movement transform itself into an organization while retaining its inherent values? This article documents the processes The Movement for Community-led Development (MCLD), a global consortium of over 1500 civil society organizations, is instituting as it co-creates its future based on its values of interconnectedness, inclusion, consensus decision-making, and distributed leadership. MCLD was formed in 2015 by a group of community-led practitioners committed to transforming the humanitarian and development sector: insisting that local communities should take center stage in envisioning, planning, actively implementing, evaluating, and learning from development activities. Soon other like-minded organizations, at local and global levels, joined MCLD. However, growth often necessitates some form of organizational structure, particularly to access and manage funds for its activities. After providing more background on its origins, founding principles, and membership, this article shares the transformative journey of MCLD to sustain its commitment to shared leadership and collaborative decision-making. The article offers a framework for how a movement can remain true to its identity and moral imperatives amidst the need to be practical, sustain action over time, and cater to different members and where they are in the journey. This framework is built on conversational survey data and reflections of new and old members across the globe.
Learning to Shift Power and Center Community Voices in International Development Work
Authors: LaLonde Jill , Gassimu Jr. Sheku Mohamed
Published: June 2023

International development has long been dominated by primarily white-led, Global North organizations. These organizations are raising money in the Global North and doing work in the Global South, with the intended benefit to less economically developed communities. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in activism and calls by organizations in both the Global North and South for localization of development, humanitarian aid, and peacebuilding efforts in an attempt to address unequal North-South power dynamics. Since 2006, OneVillage Partners has worked to address multidimensional poverty in Sierra Leone by investing in individuals and communities to help them address their own challenges, providing targeted project facilitation and monetary support for communities to lead their own development, and connecting individuals and leaders with one another across communities to amplify their collective voices and actions for broader impact. Beginning in 2020, OneVillage Partners increased its commitment to “decolonize” their work and more fully shift power to local people in Sierra Leone. This article will provide context on the changing nature of the international development industry and outline steps OneVillage Partners has taken to operationalize the localization narrative, challenges they have encountered, and ideas for the future.
Young Investigator Interview with CSCI Distinguished Scientist Awardee Dr. Caroline Quach-Thanh
Authors: Castanov Valera , Quach Caroline
Published: June 2023

Dr. Caroline Quach-Thanh is a Professor in the Departments of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology and of Pediatrics at University of Montreal. She is in charge of Infection Prevention and Control at CHU Sainte-Justine where she works as a pediatric infectious diseases specialist and medical microbiologist. Dr. Quach is a clinician-scientist and the Canada Research Chair, Tier 1 in Infection Prevention and Control. In 2022, Dr. Quach-Thanh received the Distinguished Scientist Award 2022 from the Canadian Society for Clinical Investigation. In the same year, she received a Women of Distinction Award—for public service—from the Women’s Y Foundation. Dr. Quach-Thanh is the former president from the Association for Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Canada (AMMI), a past Chair of the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) and is the current chair of the Quebec Immunization Committee. She was named Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Health Sciences and of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. Dr. QuachThanh was selected as one of the 2019 most Powerful Women in Canada. In 2021, she received the Order of Merit from Université de Montréal and was made Officière de l’Ordre national du Québec in 2022.
A Mini-review of Herbicide Use in Sub-Saharan Africa: Current Status, Potential Risks to Farmers, and Available Mitigation Strategies
Authors: Otieno Hillary
Published: June 2023

Using herbicides is a timesaving technology that could increase crop productivity, revenue, and food security among resource-constrained farmers in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) region. However, the land sizes are small and pose a big question as to whether it is economical to embrace the technology. Again, if not used well, these products could be harmful to humans and other non-targeted organisms that significantly contribute to the well-being of the ecosystem. Across the region, 20 of 45 commonly used active ingredients have LD50 values below 2000 mg/kg. Therefore, proper selection and use of personal protective equipment are necessary to ensure the risks are managed to the lowest level possible. This research presents the current state of herbicide use in the SSA region and the potential health risks that farmers could face. It also outlines potential mitigation strategies that could be adapted for more sustainable usage.
Improved Amplification Factor Transport Transition Model for Transonic Boundary Layers
Authors: Wang Yuxuan , Xu Jiakuan , Qiao Lei , Zhang Yang , Bai Junqiang
Published: June 2023

Linear-stability-theory-based [Formula: see text] method plays an important role in boundary-layer transition prediction of aeronautical flows. Based on the simplification of linear stability theory (Drela and Giles, AIAA J, 1987), the amplification factor transport (AFT) equation for Tollmien–Schlichting waves using local variables was first proposed in 2013 (Coder and Maughmer, AIAA J, 2014). However, in transonic high-Reynolds-number flows, the AFT model seriously overestimates the value of [Formula: see text]. To fix this problem, we have conducted many linear stability analyses to rebuild the formulations of AFT model. Compressibility effect, which has a significant impact on the prediction of [Formula: see text] value, has been considered in the improved version. Coupled with the [Formula: see text] model for crossflow instabilities (Xu et al., CJA, 2020), the improved AFT model is established for transonic boundary layers. Several classic test cases are successfully employed to validate present AFT model, including a flat plate, an airfoil, an infinite swept wing, a sickled-shape wing, a 6:1 inclined prolate spheroid, the NASA Common Research Model, and ARA Transonic Swept Wing. Our prediction results show that both Tollmien–Schlichting instabilities and stationary crossflow instabilities can be captured and predicted well by the improved [Formula: see text] model in subsonic and transonic boundary layers.
Kierunki językoznawczych badań mediów w Europie. Polska i jej sąsiedzi
Authors: Loewe Iwona
Published: June 2023

The nature of this article is theoretical and methodological. The subject of the research presented in this article is the achievements of national linguists from Belarus, the Czech Republic, Germany, Poland, Russia, and Slovakia in the field of media research conducted over the last ten years. Considerations include the research subjects of media linguistics, methodologies, andspecific methods used by researchers. The author carries out a synthesis which shows that the methodologies shaped by contemporary media linguistics include pragmalinguistics, linguistic stylistics, text linguistics, linguistic genology, and cultural linguistics. The synthesis also shows that the researchers use mainly modelling methods, related to the observation of linguistic, media and discursive worldview. The author emphasises the effectiveness of the first two methods in relation to traditional and electronic mass media, while the application of the category of discursive worldview brings, in her opinion, satisfactory cognitive effects in relation to the object of research defined as new media. The article also notes that in all of the Slavic studies presented, the influence of the media broadcaster on mass audiences is of interest. Media linguists assume that this influence exists and they develop means of achieving it. Styles of reception and the effects of media reception, on the other hand, are still not attracting the expected research interest.
Les études sur le cadrage en Amérique latine
Authors: Ingrassia Paola , Muñiz Carlos , Aruguete Natalia , Marques Jamil
Published: June 2023

Introduction
Zöld pénzügyi eszközök fogadtatása az agráriumban : Egy Q-módszeres elemzés eredményei
Authors: Parádi-Dolgos Anett , Bareith Tibor , Vancsura László , Csonka Arnold
Published: June 2023

A klímaváltozás terheivel sújtott korunkban a green finance típusú finanszírozástól komplex hatást várunk, hogy az egyes tevékenységek jövedelmezőségének javításával kezelje a gazdasági és környezeti kockázatokat. Az agráriumban jól azonosítható zöld fejlesztési pontokat találunk, melyekhez ilyen pénzügyi forrás szükséges. Kutatásunkban azt vizsgáljuk, hogy az úgynevezett „green finance” eszközök mennyire lehetnek hatékonyak az agrárium egy kiemelt részterületének, a sertésszektornak a fenntarthatóságát célzó fejlesztések finanszírozásában. A termékpálya szereplőivel lefolytatott Q-módszeres felmérés eredményeként azt tapasztaltuk, hogy a zöld finanszírozás számukra ismeretlen terület. Bizonytalanok és pesszimisták azzal kapcsolatban, hogy a zöld finanszírozási eszközök képesek az ágazat fejlődését szolgálni, és milyen mértékben, de abban mindannyian egyetértenek, hogy az ágazatban a fenntarthatóságot szolgáló beruházások megkövetelhetik az állami szerepvállalást. Tehát egy speciálisan ágazati green finance program sikerre viteléhez gazdaságpolitikai eszközök alkalmazása is szükséges lehet.
Hagyományos versus MI-alapú csalásfelderítés: Költséghatékonyság a gépjármű-biztosítások területén
Authors: Benedek Botond , Nagy Bálint Zsolt
Published: June 2023

A vállalati gyakorlat és a különböző iparági jelentések mind azt mutatják, hogy a gépjárműbiztosítási csalások igen gyakoriak, éppen ezért a hatékony csalásfelderítés igencsak fontos. Tanulmányunkban azt vizsgáljuk, hogy a napjainkban elterjedt MI-alapú csalásfelderítő módszerek pénzügyi (költséghatékonysági) szempontból hatékonyabbak-e, mint a hagyományos statisztikai-ökonometriai eszközökön alapuló módszerek. Eredményeink alapján arra a nem várt következtetésre jutottunk, hogy a jelenleg a szakirodalomban megtalálható MI-alapú és valós adatbázison tesztelt gépjármű-biztosítási csalásfelderítési módszerek kevésbé költséghatékonyak, mint a hagyományos statisztikai-ökonometriai módszerek.
Cirurgia de controle de danos no cenário do trauma: finalidade, indicações e elegibilidade dos pacientes
Authors: Talah Barbara Antonia Dups , Silva Anderson Ricardo Cantareli da , Moreira Gabriela Magosso , Pinheiro Ingrid Cristhine , Rezende Laís Lorençon de , Catanozi Maila Baracioli , Ohe Natalia Tiemi , Santos Nicole de Oliveira , Silva Rayanne de Araujo , Lopes Bruno Augusto
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: Analisar o conteúdo sobre a cirurgia de controle de danos (CCD) e seu papel no trauma, assim como as suas indicações e perfil dos pacientes. Revisão bibliográfica: A CCD é um tratamento que tem como objetivo amenizar uma situação de prognóstico desfavorável. Os quadros que a CCD busca corrigir são de pacientes que possuem a Tríade Letal que consiste em hipotermia, acidose metabólica e coagulopatia. A utilização da CCD pode ser necessária em situações de trauma, mas é preciso levar em consideração vários fatores antes de indicar este procedimento. Ademais, os melhores candidatos para CCD em pacientes não traumáticos, são do sexo masculino com mais de 70 anos com múltiplas comorbidades, níveis elevados de lactato com acidose e sepse grave ou choque séptico. Em politraumatizados com hemorragia maciça o procedimento tem sido amplamente utilizado. Considerações finais: O provável candidato para tal procedimento será aquele em que a chance de sobrevida à cirurgia definitiva seja inferior devido ao comprometimento fisiológico grave. No entanto, essa escolha terapêutica continua sendo debatida devido a variabilidades nas indicações práticas, nos critérios para elegibilidade e ainda, na experiência do cirurgião, já que esses ainda são subjetivos.
La iluminación y el resplandor de san Ignacio de Loyola. Las fuentes iconográficas y su implantación en los programas visuales de la Roma del Seicento
Authors: Ortega Mentxaka Eneko
Published: June 2023

Este artículo propone la tesis de que Ignacio de Loyola fue un santo resplandeciente, idea basada en las estrategias visuales empleadas por la Compañía de Jesús en sus proyectos romanos del Seicento. Esta imagen de culto corporativo tenía su origen en las fuentes literarias y gráficas de la orden de finales del siglo XVI y se dividía en dos imágenes normativas: escenas en las que Ignacio era iluminado por diversas apariciones divinas; y escenas en las que el propio Ignacio resplandecía. Para los jesuitas, su fundador era el prototipo del santo místico iluminado por la divinidad y este resplandor se convirtió en uno de los marcadores visuales más importantes de la iconografía jesuítica.
The Use Of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) And Geographic Information System (GIS) In Selection Of Greenhouse Site Location: The Case Of Aydin Region In Türkiye
Authors: MERCAN Yasin , SEZGİN Fuat
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable areas for greenhouse sites and the suitability of the sample sites in Aydin region by using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis methods. For this purpose, in line with the literature researches and expert opinions, five main location selection criteria (topography, soil, climate, water and economy) and two separate location selection constraints (land use capability class and distance from the surface water resources) were considered. In addition, 160 sample sites were selected from existing greenhouse sites in the study area through purposeful sampling method and their suitability was questioned. The scoring and pairwise comparison methods used in the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method were preferred for weighting the evaluation criteria. In the review, according to all criteria and constraints, it was determined that 2.4% of the study area was “most suitable”, 33.4% was “suitable”, 31.4% was “moderately suitable”, 0.7% was “slightly suitable”, 29.6% was “unsuitable”, and 2.5% was “out of evaluation” area. In addition, it was determined that 1.9% of the sample sites selected were “most suitable”, 10.1% were “suitable”, 0.6% were “moderately suitable”, and 87.3% were “unsuitable”. According to these results, it was understood that the lands in the study area were not generally suitable for the greenhouse site in terms of the distance from the surface water resources and the land use capability class. In addition, recommendations have been made for realizing more comprehensively the selection of suitable places for greenhouse production and other agricultural production areas in both study area and other fields.
Enantioselective Switch and Potential Applications in Biocatalysis
Authors: Robustini Lucia , Paradisi Francesca
Published: June 2023

Enantioselectivity has always been a key feature of enzymatic synthesis. In some cases, when enzymes are not strictly enantioselective, by tuning the reaction conditions it is possible to induce an enantioselective switch. A transaminase from Halomonas elongata (ω-HeWT), while generally S-selective, could be shifted towards generating the R-enantiomer at higher concentrations of amino acceptor or ionic strength, for example. Other enzymes are reported to have a similar behavior, and here we discuss some of them and their potential applications.
Microbial Biocatalysis within Us: The Underexplored Xenobiotic Biotransformation Potential of the Urinary Tract Microbiota
Authors: Marti Thierry D. , Schärer Milo R. , Robinson Serina L.
Published: June 2023

Enzymatic biotransformation of xenobiotics by the human microbiota mediates diet-drug-microbe-host interactions and affects human health. Most research on xenobiotics has focused on the gut microbiota while neglecting other body sites, yet over two-thirds of pharmaceuticals are primarily excreted in urine. As a result, the urinary microbiota is exposed to many xenobiotics in much higher concentrations than in the gut. Microbial xenobiotic biocatalysis in the bladder has implications for urinary tract infections and the emergence of antibiotic resistance. However, we have limited knowledge of biotransformations catalyzed by the urinary microbiota. In this perspective, we investigated differences in physicochemical conditions and microbial community composition between the gut and urinary tract. We used a comparative enzyme class mining approach to profile the distribution of xenobiotic-transforming enzyme homologs in genomes of urinary bacteria. Our analysis revealed a discontinuous distribution of enzyme classes even among closely related organisms. We detected diverse amidase homologs involved in pharmaceutical and dietary additive biotransformation pathways, pinpointing microbial candidates to validate for their involvement in xenobiotic transformations in urine. Overall, we highlight the biocatalytic potential of urinary tract bacteria as a lens to study how the human microbiota may respond and adapt to xenobiotic inputs.
Design of a Biocatalytic Flow Reactor Based on Hierarchically Structured Monolithic Silica for Producing Galactooligosaccharides (GOSs)
Authors: Dejoma Riccardo , Buscemi Andrea , Cutrona Emilio , Shahgaldian Patrick
Published: June 2023

Climate change mitigation requires the development of greener chemical processes. In this context, biocatalysis is a pivotal key enabling technology. The advantages of biocatalysis include lower energy consumption levels, reduced hazardous waste production and safer processes. The possibility to carry out biocatalytic reactions under flow conditions provides the additional advantage to retain the biocatalyst and to reduce costly downstream processes. Herein, we report a method to produce galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) from a largely available feedstock (i.e. lactose from dairy production) using a flow reactor based on hierarchically structured monolithic silica. This reactor allows for fast and efficient biotransformation reaction in flow conditions.
Origins of Life: Chemistry and Evolution
Authors: Matange Kavita , Rajaei Vahab , Schuster Gary , Hud Nicholas , Menor-Salvan Cesar , Capera-Aragonès Pau , Frenkel-Pinter Moran , Williams Loren
Published: June 2023

Our understanding of the origins of life will be enhanced if models and their predictions are clearly understood and explicitly articulated. Here we outline two distinct models that are currently used to explain the origins of life. In one model, which has been pursued for a half century, inherent chemical reactivities of prebiotic chemical species produced RNA, which then invented evolution. This direct synthesis model enables the prediction that if the conditions of the ancient earth are sufficiently constrained, chemists will discover the synthetic pathways that produced RNA. In a fundamentally different model, which is more recent and less mature, RNA in concert with other biopolymers arose from prolonged, selection-based changes that occurred during chemical evolution, which transitioned smoothly into biological evolution. This evolutionary model predicts common chemistry of linkage and amazing structures, assemblies and co-assemblies, as represented by double stranded DNA, tRNA, cellulose, collagen, globular proteins, ATP synthase, and the ribosome. This evolutionary model predicts profound integration of biological subsystems as represented by ATP, which is central to and inextricable from biopolymer structure and biosynthesis and metabolic systems. In the evolutionary model, inherent chemical reactivities of biological building blocks are not necessarily relevant to the origins of life and do not predict biosynthesis. The two models of the origins of life are fundamentally different from one another and guide design of very different experimental approaches to test their underlying assumptions. It is currently undetermined which model, or a hybrid of them, is closer to reality.
Modelling the Fluorescence Quantum Yields of Aromatic Compounds: Benchmarking the Machinery to Compute Intersystem Crossing Rates
Authors: Veys Koen , Bousquet Manon H. E. , Jacquemin Denis , Escudero Daniel
Published: June 2023

The from-first-principles calculation of fluorescence quantum yields (FQYs) and lifetimes of organic dyes remains very challenging. In this manuscript we extensively test the static machinery to calculate FQYs. Specifically, we perform an extensive analysis on the parameters influencing the intersystem crossing (ISC), internal conversion (IC), and fluorescence rates calculations. The impact of i) the electronic structure (chosen exchange-correlation functional and spin-orbit Hamiltonian), ii) the vibronic parameters (coordinate system, broadening function, and dipole expansion), and iii) the excited-state kinetic models, are systematically assessed for a series of seven rigid aromatic molecules. Our studies provide more insights into the choice of parameters and the expected accuracy for the computational protocols aiming to deliver FQYs values. Some challenges are highlighted, such as, on the one hand, the difficulty to benchmark against the experimental non-radiative rates, for which the separation between the IC and ISC contributions is often not provided in the literature and, on the other hand, the need to go beyond the harmonic approximation for the calculation of the IC rates.
Symmetric 4,6-Dialkyl/arylamino-5-nitropyrimidines: Theoretical Explanation of Why Aminolysis of Alkoxy Groups Is Favoured over Chlorine Aminolysis in Nitro-Activated Pyrimidines.
Authors: Cordoba Gomez Laura , Lorente-Macias Alvaro , Pineda de las Infantas y Villatoro Maria Jose , Garzon-Ruiz Andres , Diaz-Mochon Juan J.
Published: June 2023

A new synthetic route to obtain symmetric disubstituted alkyl/arylaminopyrimidines under mild conditions is presented, which can be used to generate new purine libraries for drug discovery. We investigated the unexpected reaction of 6-alkoxy-4-chloro-5-nitropyrimidines with primary amines, which produced disubstituted dialkyl/arylamine pyrimidines instead of the expected 6-alkoxy-4-alkylamine-5-nitropyrimidines. To clarify this reaction, a computational study of the reaction mechanism was carried out. Our results suggest that the presence of pre-reactive molecular complexes, a phenomenon rarely reported in SNAr reactions, precedes the transition state and can facilitate the reaction. In addition, Meisenheimer complexes and transition states in the intrinsic reaction coordinate (IRC) configuration, which may influence the understanding of the reaction mechanism, were identified.
Migraciones, mediatización y espacios digitales:
Authors: Busso Mariana
Published: June 2023

En este artículo se tratarán problemáticas ligadas al estudio de espacios digitales de la migración, tomando como punto de partida el caso de los grupos creados por migrantes argentinos en la red social Facebook. En particular, revisaremos ciertas configuraciones que adquiere el proceso migratorio en el marco de la mediatización actual, para lo cual consideraremos aspectos de corte epistemológico ligados al ámbito de lo online. Asimismo, presentaremos algunos puntos propios del ámbito de la observación a los que debe enfrentarse el investigador, derivados del estudio de dichos espacios, y que implican a su vez redefiniciones sobre lo íntimo y lo público en Internet.
El regreso a los otros. Un ensayo sobre la indigencia humana
Authors: Velasco León Miguel Angel
Published: June 2023

Reseña de: David Porcel, El regreso a los otros. Un ensayo sobre la indigencia humana, Zaragoza: Mira, 2022, 204 pp.
De proyecto a proceso. Trayectorias posibles para un proyecto urbano basado en la escucha
Authors: Marrodán Ciordia Esperanza
Published: June 2023

Desde hace varias décadas, la palabra “participación” se ha convertido en leitmotiv en cualquier esfera que afecte al interés público. Como sucedió en los años ’70 del siglo pasado, también hoy la arquitectura y el urbanismo tratan de definir su papel en este ámbito. Un papel que debe ir mucho más allá de la mera transcripción de la voluntad de la ciudadanía, o del rol que se le asigna en los procesos participativos oficiales vinculados a la planificación urbana. La pregunta es, entonces, cómo incorporar “la escucha” a los proyectos, sean arquitectónicos o urbanos, sin que estos pierdan su dimensión creativa. Y en la búsqueda de una respuesta se hace necesario abrir la mirada a otras formas de hacer. En un contexto como el urbano, en el que la terminología en relación con la participación se está multiplicando exponencialmente, el presente artículo trata de clarificar los distintos procesos existentes, encontrando claves de acción dirigidas a poner de nuevo el foco en la persona, transformando los proyectos urbanos en procesos capaces de escuchar, e interpretar lo escuchado en propuestas que devuelvan nuestras ciudades a la escala humana.
Atlas Materia: Fieldwork Experience in the Material City
Authors: Guitart Miguel
Published: June 2023

Today, architecture is primarily consumed through interfaces like Instagram, on-line journals, websites, video games and print publications. This is in part due to the fixed geographical position of architecture. Images allow architecture to be distributed to a broader audience. However, images also represent a problematic disembodiment of the built environment. The complicated relationship between architecture and its image is explored in the first section of this paper, Mnemosyne Field through an interrogation of Aby Warburg’s Mnemosyne Atlas. The second section of this paper, Atlas Materia investigates material qualities as conveyors of architectural identity through fieldwork. The material adjacencies and observational imperfections of fieldwork result in an equivocal architectural experience that takes place at the intersection of a city’s physical qualities and the phenomenological response they produce. This paper describes the pedagogical outcome of sensorial mapping strategies that provided a visual and tactile representation of the city of Buffalo, New York. Based on the experience of material properties, the ultimate objective of Atlas Materia is to help establish a link between phenomenology of perception and urban spaces through a material-centered strategy.
Somos nosotros
Authors: Martínez Santa-María Luis
Published: June 2023

Los personajes que descubrimos en las pinturas, a pesar de su aparente condición accidental y accesoria en relación con el tema representado, emiten señales poderosas. Son ellos los que hacen que el espectador entre de lleno en la representación; son ellos los encargados de hacer tangible y profunda la narración, de llenarla de movimiento, y de acentuar de forma indirecta el propósito más secreto de su mensaje. Lo sorprendente es que su tamaño es pequeño, su presencia es secundaria y que parecen haber sido representados sin demasiado detalle, cálculo y premeditación. Conscientes de la pérdida de calidad que presentan las imágenes de arquitectura actuales pensamos que estudiar con cuánto cuidado los personajes fueron introducidos por los maestros de la pintura resulta más aconsejable que nunca.
Creación de AECA y sus primeros 20 años de actividad (1979-1999)
Authors: Cañibano Calvo Leandro
Published: June 2023

Con motivo del 20º aniversario de AECA, 1979 – 1999, tuvieron lugar algunos actos conmemorativos, dándose cuenta en ellos de los eventos y actividades más significativas desarrollados por la Asociación, desde el germen de la idea de su creación, el grupo promotor inicial, su presentación pública en el hotel Ritz de Madrid, su reconocimiento como ‘Asociación de utilidad pública’, la constitución de sus primeras Comisiones de Estudio sobre Principios Contables y  Valoración de Empresas, hasta los logros alcanzados por la misma a lo largo del período examinado: Cuatro mil socios, seis Comisiones de Estudio, diversos Comités y Grupos de Trabajo, un importante fondo editorial que incluía cuatro revistas periódicas, más de un centenar de documentos, numerosas monografías y estudios, dieciocho entre Congresos y Encuentros, numerosas Jornadas y reuniones profesionales y científicas, Premios, Becas, Ayudas, una Cátedra a punto de ser creada, y una AECA virtual que prueba la rápida inmersión de nuestra Asociación en la sociedad y la economía de la información y la comunicación.
Noticias y anuncios de congresos
Authors: Gutiérrez Hidalgo Fernando
Published: June 2023

Noticias y anuncios de congresos
Towards the philosophical meditation on the technical science and the humanities
Authors: Cywiński Zbigniew , Kido Ewa Maria
Published: June 2023

The main purpose of this study, treated as a kind of meditation, was to show the interconnections between various forms of human thought and those concerning real life issues – where spirit and matter interact. Hereby, the assumption was taken that the spirit – in order to achieve mature effects – should precede matter. In a feedback loop, predicted goals have a chance to become more perfect. Similarly, the thesis was formulated and proved that each individual human domain can be considered as an element of a more general one – where philosophy can play the role of a “common denominator”. Such general statements were addressed in particular to the technical and human sciences – as well on native soil as in Japan – referring simultaneously to various spiritual attributes given to the Cosmos.
СЕСКВИТЕРПЕНОВЫЕ ЛАКТОНЫ ГВАЯНОВОГО РЯДА ИЗ ТАНАЦЕТОПСИСА ПЯТАЕВОЙ: ВЫДЕЛЕНИЕ И ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЕ СТРОЕНИЕ
Authors: Турдыбеков К.М. , Ивасенко С.А. , Турдыбеков Д.М. , Махмутова А.С. , Адекенов С.М.
Published: June 2023

В результате изучения химического состава эндемичного вида Казахстана танацетопсиса Пятаевой (Tanacetopsis Pjataevae (Kovalevsk.) Karmyscheva) впервые выделены сесквитерпеновые γ-лактоны гваянового ряда арглабин, β-изоэпоксиэстафиатин, новый гваянолид 3-кето-10β-гидрокси-5,7α,4,6β(Н)-гвай-1,11(13)-диен-6,12-олид. Пространственное строение соединений установлено рентгенодифракционным методом.
SYNTHESIS, SPECTRAL CHARACTERIZATION, DFT AND DOCKING STUDIES OF 5-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)-3-(COUMARIN-3-YL)-1H-PYRAZOLE AND 5-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)-3-(COUMARIN-3-YL)ISOXAZOLE
Authors: Jenisha J. , Jebalenet J. , Brindha J. , Abbs Fen Reji T.F.
Published: June 2023

Five membered hetrocyclic moieties have been proven to possess strong biological activities. The compounds5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(coumarin-3-yl)-1H-pyrazoleand 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(coumarin-3-yl)isoxazole were synthesized and characterized by IR,1H and 13C NMR, and high-resolution mass spectrometry.The structural optimization and the interpretation of theoretical vibrational spectra is made by the Gaussian 09 software and the B3LYP/6-31G density functional theory (DFT) approach. Bond lengths, bond angles have all been studied. The Mulliken population analysis on atomic charges is performed. The thermodynamic stability in the ground state and reactivity of the compounds in the excited state are explained by the HOMO–LUMO energy gap. The molecular docking study is carried out usingPyRx. The anti-oxidant activities of the derivatives were determined by DPPH scavenging assay. The synthesized compound showed remarkable antioxidant activity. The newly synthesized compound were tested for their anticancer activity against HeLa cell line in vitro by MTT assay method.
Влияние высокотемпературной прокалки на структуру борсодержащих центров в углеродном наноматериале
Authors: Чесноков В.В. , Просвирин И.П. , Герасимов Е.Ю. , Милюшина А.С. , Пармон В.Н.
Published: June 2023

Бор-углеродный наноматериал был синтезирован по оригинальной методике и представляет вариант сферического малослойного графена. С помощью ряда физических методов изучена трансформация борсодержащих центров содержащихся в углеродном наноматериале после высокотемпературных прокалок образцов в инертной среде. Увеличение температуры прокалки углеродного наноматериала, легированного бором, от 800 до 1000 °С не приводит к изменению концентрации бора в образце. В отличие от концентрации состояние бора существенно изменяется после прогрева образца при температуре 1000 °С. Прогрев образца при этой температуре приводит к смещению пика бора (Есв ~ 193.1 эВ) в сторону меньших значений энергии связи и характеризуется появлением новых состояний. После прокалки значение энергии связи основного пика бора составляет ~ 192.1 эВ, что характерно для связи C-B-O. Плечо со стороны меньших значений энергии связи (Есв ~ 190.2 эВ) характерно для бора связанного с углеродом (B-C). Эти данные согласуются с уменьшением интенсивности компоненты В-О в пике O 1s при температуре 1000 °С. Таким образом, прокалка углеродного наноматериала при температуре 1000 °С приводит к восстановлению борсодержащих функциональных групп: C-B-O2 -> C-B-O -> C-B.
An Essay on Man. An Introduction to a Philosophy of Human Culture.
Authors: Cassirer Ernst
Published: June 2023

Angeregt von Freunden und Kollegen, legte Ernst Cassirer 1944 im amerikanischen Exil mit dem Essay on Man eine komprimierte und zugleich überarbeitete Fassung seiner Kulturphilosophie vor, in der er die dreibändige Philosophie der symbolischen Formen in ihren Hauptgedanken fortführt. Dabei wird der wohl wichtigste Bestandteil der Cassirerschen Kulturphilosophie, die Idee der Humanität, thematisiert und zusammenfassend begründet. Mit Bezugnahme auf das komplexe und vielschichtige Gefüge von Sprache, Mythos, Religion, Kunst, Geschichte und Wissenschaft bestimmt Cassirer den Menschen als "animal symbolicum", als ein Wesen, das Symbole schafft und sich durch Symbole verständigt. Dank seiner klaren, verständlichen Sprache und Argumentationsstruktur ermöglicht der "Essay on Man" nicht nur dem philosophischen Fachpublikum, sondern auch einem weiteren Kreis interessierter Leser den Zugang zu Cassirers Denken. Er darf somit als allgemeine Einführung in die Philosophie Cassirers verstanden werden. Inhalt: Part I. What is man? I. The Crisis in Man's Knowledge of Himself II. A Clue to the Nature of Man: the Symbol III. From Animal Reactions to Human Responses IV. The Human World of Space and Time V. Facts and Ideals Part II. Man and Culture VI. The Definition of Man in Terms of Human Culture VII. Myth and Religion VIII. Language IX. Art X. History XI. Science XII. Summary and Conclusion
Data Analysis of Emergency Department Length of Stay for Patients Presenting with Headaches
Authors: Giat Eitan , Dreyfuss Michael , Giat Yahel
Published: June 2023

Aim/Purpose.
Patients’ length of stay in emergency departments (ED) is a widespread problem that poses great hardship on patients and health providers alike. This paper’s purpose is to reduce length of stay (LOS) for patients presenting to the ED with headaches.

Background.
The increasing number of patients admitted to emergency departments challenges administrators to find ways to reduce the length of stay in the ED. The purpose of this paper is to quantify the potential reduction in LOS by modifying patient flow in the ED, for patients presenting with non-traumatic headache who require a non-contrast head computerized tomography (CT).

Methodology.
A 41-month retrospective review was performed for all patients presenting to the Sheba ED with non-traumatic headache as the chief complaint and that were referred to CT during their visit. We distinguished between patients that had undergone the standard patient flow of first seeing a physician and only then referred to CT and patients that were sent to CT directly from the triage station, which is run by a triage nurse. For the former group, we identified their main patient flow epochs: arrival, triage nurse, physician referral to CT, performing CT, discharge.

Contribution.
The contribution is two-fold. First, a practical recommendation for changes in patient workflow to reduce LOS. Second, it demonstrates how medical records can be used to analyze “what-if” scenarios on patient flow.
Findings During the period under review, there were 5501 headache patients out of a total of 196681 walk-in ED visits, a ratio of 2.79% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.72%-2.86%). Of the headache patients, 2961 patients were referred to CT and their LOS was 394 minutes (95% CI: 387-401). Modifying the standard patient flow so that patients are sent from triage immediately to CT will potentially reduce 121 minutes (95% CI: 118-124) from their LOS. These potential savings are concentrated mainly in the p.m. hours.

Recommendations for Practitioners.
The potential LOS reduction can be achieved by modifying current patient flow for patients presenting to the ED with non-traumatic headache. Modifications should focus on late afternoon and evening hours. Accordingly, different proposals addressing the nature of these proposals are discussed.

Recommendations for Researchers.
There is a plethora of information available in electronic medical records, which is yet to be harnessed to improve the management of health systems. Researchers could apply techniques used in this paper to benefit the health systems.

Impact on Society.
Reducing LOS will positively affect not only patients who will receive faster service, but also health provider that are currently are operating in a crowded and stressful environment.

Future Research.
The research can be expanded to other common patient main complaints such as abdominal pain or orthopedic injuries.
Centralisation of cash management: still advisable?
Authors: Westerman Wim , Christian Bartsch
Published: June 2023

Aim: This article builds upon recent evidence that centralisation of cash management activities, often advocated by enthusiast protagonists from the academic, corporate and consultancy world, has given way to decentralisation thereof. The aim of the article is to underpin the idea that such moves may be good.
Research design: The article provides an historical overview on the centralisation starting in the 1980s, stagnating later on and reversing recently, not just for reasons of political tensions and pandemic reasons. 
Findings: There are structural reasons for firms being more critical on centralisation of cash management, including still lasting limits to its implementation and recent changes in the corporate and finance sectors.
Originality: The present study argues that firms may rightfully decentralise the cash management, while also making clear to there are no “one fits all” solutions to the issue.
Implications: Firms may want to overthink the organisation of their cash management in the light of new developments. Follow-up research in terms of case studies and surveys may help to further guide them. 
Keywords: cash management, (de-) centralisation, role of banks
JEL: B27, G20, L23
Does audit committee matter? Evidence from Tanzanian listed firms.
Authors: Mnzava Bernard
Published: June 2023

Aim: The primary role of audit committees is to provide oversight in the financial reporting, audit process, internal controls and in compliance with regulations and laws. The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of board audit committees attributes on firm performance.
Design/Research methods: Using a sample of firms publicly traded on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange (DSE) during 1998–2018; this paper estimated fixed effects regressions to tests the hypotheses developed.
Conclusions/findings: The results show that audit committee attributes are positively linked with firm financial performance. Specifically, the findings reveal that audit committee attributes as measured by audit committee meetings, existence of audit committees, audit committee size and audit committee independence have positive impact on corporate performance as measured by return on sales (ROS) and profitability. These findings confirmed that firms having audit committees performed better than those without audit committees.
Originality/value of the article: There is scarce research which examines the link between audit committees and firm performance in developing countries. To date, there is no study that has investigated the relationship between audit committee characteristics and firm performance in Tanzania. This paper provides new evidence on the relationship between audit committee attributes and firm performance in Tanzanian environment.
Implications of the research: Overall, the findings recommend existence of large independent audit committees which conducts their meetings regularly as it is ideally enhances firm financial performance.
 Keywords: Audit committee attributes, corporate governance, firm performance, Tanzania
JEL: G3, N27
Discriminación lingüística El desempeño en español de haitianos en Chile
Authors: Cares Geoffroy María José
Published: June 2023

El estudio que se presenta tiene por objetivo revelar la discriminación lingüística que sufren dos haitianos acerca de su desempeño en el español como segunda lengua, luego identificar los aspectos del desempeño lingüístico del español que son objeto de discriminación y, finalmente, revelar las manifestaciones de la discriminación lingüística. Desde un enfoque cualitativo, el estudio se desarrolla en la ciudad de Los Ángeles, región del Biobío en Chile. La recolección de datos se efectúa a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas a dos haitianos estudiantes de español como segunda lengua (L2). Los discursos se analizan mediante la técnica de análisis de contenido y como principales hallazgos se puede observar la discriminación lingüística y racial en el ámbito público de los individuos, principalmente en el contexto laboral, que se manifiesta a través de sarcasmo atribuido a burlas, insultos y groserías. Se evidencia también que la pronunciación es objeto de actitudes discriminatorias por parte de los chilenos, específicamente por el elemento prosódico de la acentuación y la dificultad de producir algunos fonemas del español. A partir de allí, se accede a la concepción prevalente de discriminación lingüística y racial que sitúa a los individuos en una situación incomprendida por parte de la sociedad.