bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protecting the interests of the child: legal aspects of the exercise of parental rights and responsibilities
Authors: Nizhnik Nadezhda , Burdanova Natal'ya
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to issues related to the exercise of rights and obligations by parents to protect the interests of the child. The authors proceed from the fact that under the conditions of the 21st century, when the transformations of ideas about family and family life are obvious, a significant expansion of the range of subjects of parental relationships, changes in social and cultural models of family life, the exercise of parental rights and responsibilities while ensuring the interests of children requires more flexibility and taking into account social realities. The main concern of parents should remain the protection of the legitimate interests of their children. Ensuring the rights and interests of the child in modern Russia is significantly complicated by the low stability of marriages, the frequent separation of parents, and the growth of intra-family conflicts. The practice of exercising parental rights and responsibilities in the Russian Federation requires scientific understanding. Their organizational and legal foundations require improvement. The article is devoted to the analysis of topical problems of family legal relations, such as the possibility for both parents to equally realize the status of the legal representative of the child, regardless of their state of marriage, cohabitation with the child, the existing order of communication with the child in case of separation; realization of the parents’ rights to protect the legitimate interests of the child when he leaves the Russian Federation; participation of parents as legal representatives of the child in civil law and civil procedural relations; realization of the rights of parents to protect the legitimate interests of the child by bringing the matter before the court; the possibility of underage parents to demand the establishment of paternity in court; the consequences of parental abuse by parents. It is concluded that it is necessary to amend the current legislation concerning the exercise of parental rights and obligations to protect the interests of the child.
Regulation of liability for offences committed with the use of electronic funds of payment in the legislation of the countries of Romano-Germanic of legal system
Authors: Markova Elena
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to the study of the regulation of criminal liability for crimes committed using electronic means of payment related to cybercrime in the legislation of certain foreign countries of the Romano-Germanic legal family. The article notes that the Romano-German legal system is significantly distinguished from other families not only by the fact that it possesses, due to historical traditions, many characteristics of the law of ancient Roman jurisprudence, but also by the legal peculiarities of criminal legislation on cybercrime. The relevance of cybercrime, its differentiation based on the Convention on Crime in the Field of Computer Information (ETS No. 185) and the peculiarities of the criminal regulation of crimes committed using electronic means of payment in Sweden, France, Germany, Spain, Netherlands, China and the Baltic States are noted. It is pointed out that the issues of combating such crimes are of particular importance in all countries of the Romano-Germanic legal family. Despite differences in the position of legislators with regard to the criminalization of acts committed by electronic means of payment, in all countries attacks on property are considered as attacks on the foundations of the State, and protection against such attacks is one of the most important State functions. It is noted that the criminal codes of most States include rules on computer fraud, computer theft; Obtaining information constituting commercial and banking secrecy through improper access to computer information (commercial, banking espionage); Extortion using computer equipment. It is stated that the first step towards criminal law protection of computer information, development of criminal legislation to counter economic cybercrime was taken in Sweden in the Law on Computer Crimes (1973).
Diversity and Species Composition of Sponges (Porifera: Demospongiae) in Reef Flat of Barranglompo Island
Authors: Haris Abdul , Nurafni Nurafni , Lestari Dwi Nining , Hasania Maulana
Published: October 2020

Sponge is one of the biota that makes up coastal and marine ecosystems, especially in coral reef ecosystems and seagrass beds in both tropical and subtropical waters. The lack of research and knowledge about sponges (Porifera; Demospongiae), especially in the reef flat ecosystem on Barranglompo Island, is considered necessary to be studied and equipped for research on marine biological resources in the future. This research was conducted in March-November 2019 on Barranglompo Island. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity and species composition and density of sponges (Porifera: Demospongiae) in the reef flat of Barranglompo Island, Sangkarang District, Makassar City. The method used in sponge data collection is a belt transect starting from ± 50m of shoreline drawn perpendicular to the end of the back reef at each station. The diversity of sponge species found was 22 species belonging to the Demospongiae class. The diversity of sponges on Barranglompo Island is still quite diverse, with a fairly even distribution.
The Impact of Coral Conditions on the Structure of the Megabenthos Community Associated with the Coral Reefs of the Spermonde Islands
Authors: Tatipata K.P. Beatrix , Mashoreng Supriadi
Published: October 2020

Coral reefs are organisms that live on the bottom of the waters and are in the form of limestone (CaCO3) which is strong against sea waves so that it can prevent coastal erosion and is also a place for various types of animals associated with coral reef ecosystems that utilize coral polyps. as his food. Mega-benthos are biota / organisms with a size of more than 1 cm that live on or in the seabed, including the sticking, creeping and burrowing biota that is visible with the camera. The research was conducted using the Line Intercept Transect Method and the Benthos Reef Check Method. The results showed that the highest percentage of live coral cover was found on Badi Island 71.46% (Good coral condition category), the moderate coral condition category was represented by Kapoposang Island (46.02%) and the bad coral condition category was represented by Ballanglompo Island ( 7.92%). The highest diversity of species (H ') Mega-benthos is at station 3 (Badi Island) with the value of H' = 2.528 while the lowest is at station IV (Lumu-lumu Island) with the value of H '= 0.6365. So that the category of the megabenthos species diversity index in the research location can be said to be in the low to moderate category.
The Relationship between Zooplankton Abundance with Phytoplankton and Physic-Chemistry Parameters at Kastela Waters, Ternate
Authors: Yuliana Yuliana , Mutmainnah Mutmainnah
Published: October 2020

Zooplankton has an important role in waters, especially in the food chain, these organisms are consumers I which play a major role in bridging energy transfer from major producers (phytoplankton) to living things at higher trophic levels (fish and shrimp). This study aims to analyze the relationship between zooplankton abundance with phytoplankton and physicochemical parameters in the waters of Kastela, Ternate. The research was conducted from March to April 2017 in the waters of Kastela Ternate City North Maluku Province at 5 stations and 4 periods of sampling. Zooplankton samples were taken by filtering methods. The results showed that there were 20 zooplankton genera from 5 (five) classes namely Ciliate (4 genera), Crustaceae (8 genera), Hydrozoa (3 genera), Rotifera (3 genera), and Urocohordata (2 genera). Zooplankton abundance ranges from 1032 to 10942 cells.l-1, the highest at station 3 periods II (10942 cells.l-1), and the lowest at station 4 period I (1032 cells l-1). The range of values of the zooplankton biological indices is diversity index (0.5005 - 1.8662), uniformity index (0.6521 - 0.9601), and dominance index (0.1661 - 0, 6800). There was a low correlation between zooplankton abundance and phytoplankton abundance and physical-chemical parameters of water in Kastela waters, with determination coefficient is 0.236 and regression equation Y = 35079.107 + 0.030 phytoplankton - 791,251 temperature + 75,417 salinity - 1658,557 pH
Keywords: mangroves, macrozoobenthics, organic matter
Transport of Toman Fish Seeds with Different Densities on 3 ppt Salinity Media
Authors: Nasir Nasir , Iriansyah Akhmad , Anwar Rosadi , Akbar Junius
Published: October 2020

Toman fish seeds (Channa micropeltes) generally come from natural catches in South Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan. A closed system is an effort to efficiency transportation costs by increasing the density of fish in transport media. Efforts to reduce stress levels are very important so that they can transport a lot, have small deaths, and take a longer time, and do not disturb the physiology of the fish after transportation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving 3 ppt salt in transport media to the survival of fish during transportation. This research consists of two stages of activity, that is stage one is transportation for 12 hours and stage two was post-transportation maintenance for 11 days. In stage one, the plastic bag is filled with 10 L of water and is packed according to the treatment. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments 3 refitition to produce 12 experimental units. K treatment density of 30 heads / bag with no salt water (0 ppt) and treatment A: B: C with density (30: 50: 70) tail / bag with salt water (3 ppt). The calculation of the highest survival rate in treatment A was 97.80%. The results of analysis of varians (ANOVA) that the treatment has a real effect on survival rate in fish seed transport toman. This shows the best density in this study is 30 heads / bag.
Keywords: redsnackhead Fish, Channa micropeltes, transportation, salinity
Phytoplankton and Physics Chemical Parameters in Estuary Waters, West Coast of South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Samawi Muh. Farid , Tahir Akbar , Tambaru Rahmadi , Amri Khairul , Lanuru Mahatma , Armi Nur Khairunisa
Published: October 2020

This paper provides an explanation of the condition of phytoplankton in the estuary waters of the west coast of South Sulawesi. The study was carried out on four estuaries namely Tallo, Marusu, Polong and Battoe with spatial sampling from inside the estuary to the outside of the estuary. The results obtained were found in three classes, namely Bacillariophyceae class, Cyanophyceae class, and Dinophyceae class with 19 phytoplankton genera. With an abundance of phytoplankton ranging from 352 - 5304 cells / L, the highest abundance is in the Tallo estuary. Meanwhile, the highest diversity index (H ') was found in Tallo estuary and the highest dominance index (D) was in Tallo estuary. Parameters that characterize high abundance estuaries are nitrate and TSS.
Intrapopulated Genetic Variation Of The Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus Pelagicus) From Kaimana, West Papua Indonesia Based On Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit I (Co1) Gene Sequence
Authors: Hidayani A. Aliah , Fujaya Yushinta , Trijuno Dody Dh. , Alimuddin Alimuddin
Published: October 2020

The first step to establishing appropriate broodstock management and conservation programs and to avoid decreasing genetic variability in this selective breeding program is the development of molecular genetic markers that can be used for evaluation of genetic stock determinations in gene flow rates. However, morphologically it is rather difficult to distinguish between one individual and another. The purpose of this study was to analyze genetic variation to prove differences in intrapopulated crabs. Small crab samples were collected from the district. Kaimana, West Papua. Morphological analysis was carried out by looking at differences in the color and pattern of white spots between one individual and another. The isolation of the crab CO1 gene was carried out by analyzing each individual after grouping it based on morphology. The results of the morphological analysis showed that males had seven color patterns and white carapace patterns while females had five color patterns and white spots on the carapace. However, there is little difference between morphology and genetics, especially in females, where the female is genetically divided into only two major groups. This indicates that there is information on phylogenetic relationships between individuals. The white spot on the carapace is genetically influenced so that it can be used to identify species or varieties, while the carapace color has not been shown to be influenced by the CO1 gene.
Factors Affecting the Selling Price of Eel Fish (Anguilla marmorata) in Nokilalaki District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi
Authors: Wahid Abd. , Amiluddin Amiluddin , Bestari Andi Nurul Khasanah
Published: October 2020

Eel fish are traded until they are exported to foreign countries such as Japan. This research was conducted during October-November 2019 in Sopu Village Nokilalaki District Sigi Regency Central Sulawesi. The purpose of this study was to determine the production and income of Eel Fish and to analyze the marketing price and the factors that influence the marketing price of Eel Fish in Nokilalaki District Sigi Regency Central Sulawesi. The method used is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods using the income formula and multiple linear regression formula. The results of this study are, the production of Eel Fish in October 2019 was 93 fish. The income from selling Eel Fish ranges from nominal Rp.600,000 to Rp. 2,500,000 per month. There are several factors that influence the marketing price of eel Fish they are, production costs, number of fish sold, distance of sales location, number of consumers, competitors, and basic income. There is a significant influence of the dependent variable (Marketing Price) with the independent variable (the six factors that influence). The significant influence percentage was 55.1% with the intertwined relationship seen from the value of R approaching 1 which was 0.742. Of all the factors, only the number of consumers (X4) significantly affected the marketing price of Eel Fish in Sopu Village Nokilallaki District Sigi Regency Central Sulawesi.
Komparasi Penggunaan Jumlah Busi Dan Putaran Mesin Terhadap Kinerja Mesin Bensin Satu Silinder
Authors: Winoko Yuniarto Agus , Mauladhana Achmad Fajarot
Published: October 2020

Pada proses pembakaran motor bensin 4 (empat) langkah terdapat proses kimia yang terjadi secara cepat dan singkat antara bahan bakar, udara, serta pemantik dalam ruang bakar. Ada dua kemungkinan yang terjadi pada proses pembakaran yaitu proses pembakaran sempurna dan tidak sempurna. Pembakaran tidak sempurna merupakan terjadinya bahan bakar yang tidak terbakar pada saat proses pembakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyempurnakan pembakaran dengan metode menambahkan busi dalam satu silinder dengan waktu pengapian yang berbeda. Penambahan jumlah busi diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kinerja mesin daya, torsi dan Bmep. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan sepeda motor 4 langkah 124,8 CC serta putaran mesin antara 1250 – 5000rpm. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan dyno test dan dianalisa menggunakan metode eksperimental. Dari hasil pengujian menggunakan dyno test menunjukkan bahwa pada penggunaan satu busi menghasilkan daya maksimal sebesar 8,68 HP pada putaran 5000 rpm. Torsi pada pengujian satu busi menghasilkan torsi maksimum sebesar 5,60 Nm pada putaran 4000 rpm dan Bmep sebesar 1298,44 KPa pada putaran 4000 rpm. Pada penggunaan dua busi menghasilkan daya maksimal sebesar 8,94 HP pada putaran 5000 rpm. Torsi pada pengujian dua busi menghasilkan torsi maksimum sebesar 5,88 Nm pada putaran 4000 rpm dan Bmep sebesar 1363,02 KPa pada putaran 4000 rpm.
Peningkatan Kinerja Turbin Angin Vertikal Tipe Darrieus dengan menggunakan Wind Gate
Authors: Anam Asroful , Asroni Mochtar , Rahardjo Teguh
Published: October 2020

Salah satu upaya meningkatkan kinerja turbin angin adalah merekayasa kecepatan angin agar dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal karena kecepatan angin yang tinggi lebih dapat meningkatkan putaran rotor dibandingkan kecepatan yang rendah. Tetapi hal tersebut memerlukan suatu kajian teori dan eksperimen untuk menjawab pernyataan tersebut, sehingga dilakukanlah penelitian dengan judul “Peningkatan Kinerja Turbin Angin Vertikal Tipe Darrieus dengan Menggunakan Wind Gate”. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan jenis Naca 4309 dan variasi jumlah blade 1, 2, 3, dan 4. Pemilihan turbin angin tipe vertikal jenis darrieus didasarkan atas beberapa hal, diantaranya adalah turbin angin vertikal dengan tipe darrieus sangat cocok di gunakan pada daerah yang kecepatan anginnya tidak terlalu tinggi dan tidak membutuhkan tower serta investasi awal pada pembangkit tersebut tidak semahal tipe horisontal. Kemudian penggunaan wind gate dimaksudkan agar hembusan angin menumbuk sudu-sudu turbin dapat lebih terarah dengan berbagai fluktuasi kecepatan angin yang bervariasi. Lokasi penelitian adalah di pantai Sendiki Desa Tambakrejo, Kecamatan Sumbermanjing, Kabupaten Malang. Dari data hasil penelitian pada kecepatan 3,7 m/s; 5,5 m/s, 5,6 m/s 7,2 m/s; dan 7,8 m/s menunjukkan bahwa kinerja turbin paling tinggi pada kecepatan angin  5.6 m/s dengan efisiensi 39.84% dan daya 39.45 watt pada putaran poros 111 rpm.
Studi Nitridisasi Besi Tuang Kelabu pada Temperatur 650 0C (1,2,3 Jam)
Authors: Sujana Wayan , Widi I Komang Astana , Rahardjo Teguh , Darmaputra Sussetyo
Published: October 2020

Besi cor kelabu, jenis cor ini sering dipakai karena memiliki banyak kelebihan. Kelebihan tersebut adalah mudah dituang atau dicor menjadi bentuk yang rumit, mudah dilakukan proses permesinan, tahan aus karena grafit dapat berfungsi sebagai pelumas, mempunyai kemampuan meredam getaran yang tinggi, mempunyai kekuatan tekan tinggi, sifat ketahan korosinya baik dibandingkan dengan baja konstruksi biasa, Spesimen yang sebelum proses diperoleh kekerasan tertiinggi yaitu 284,4 HV dengan kedalaman 30 μm, setelah diproses nitridisasi dengan temperature 6500C dengan holding 1,2, dan 3 jam, maka didapat kekerasan tertinggi sebesar 277,2 HV, 261,1 HV, 273,4 HV kekerasan naik pada holding 1 jam itu disebabkan karena reaksi kimia antara nitrogen dengan spesimen sehingga konsentrasi nitrogen pada permukaan spesimen yang berasal dari difusi nitrogen akan lebih banyak membentuk lapisan nitride. Pada pengujian spesimen dengan holding 1 jam didapat ketebalan lapisan 10, 20, 30, 40 μm dan permukaan tepi dari inti tidak merata sehingga lapisan menjadi tidak merata atau bergelombang, sedangkan pada temperatur 6500C dengan waktu 2 jam ketebalan ditunjukan hanya sampai pada 30 μm dan 40 μm, garis grafik mengalami kenaikan dikarenakan lapisan nitride dan permukaan tepi dari inti tidak merata sehingga lapisan menjadi bergelombang. Struktur mikro diperoleh dari hasil metalografi row material dan spesimen yang sesudah mengalami proses nitridisasi. Hasil dari struktur mikro sudah terlihat grafit berbentuk serpih keabu-abu an dan terlihat adanya sedikit korosi dikarenakan spesimen belum dilakukan proses
Analisa Waktu Perlakuan Nitridisasi Besi Tuang Kelabu Pada Temperatur 650 ⁰C
Authors: Sujana W , Widi K. A. , Rahardjo T , Darmaputra S
Published: October 2020

Besi cor kelabu, jenis cor ini sering dipakai karena memiliki banyak kelebihan. Kelebihan tersebut adalah mudah dituang atau dicor menjadi bentuk yang rumit, mudah dilakukan proses permesinan, tahan aus karena grafit dapat berfungsi sebagai pelumas, mempunyai kemampuan meredam getaran yang tinggi, mempunyai kekuatan tekan tinggi, sifat ketahan korosinya baik dibandingkan dengan baja konstruksi biasa, Spesimen yang sebelum proses diperoleh kekerasan tertiinggi yaitu 284,4 HV dengan kedalaman 30 μm, setelah diproses nitridisasi dengan temperature 6500C dengan holding 1,2, dan 3 jam, maka didapat kekerasan tertinggi sebesar 277,2 HV, 261,1 HV, 273,4 HV kekerasan naik pada holding 1 jam itu disebabkan karena reaksi kimia antara nitrogen dengan spesimen sehingga konsentrasi nitrogen pada permukaan spesimen yang berasal dari difusi nitrogen akan lebih banyak membentuk lapisan nitride. Pada pengujian spesimen dengan holding 1 jam didapat ketebalan lapisan 10, 20, 30, 40 μm dan permukaan tepi dari inti tidak merata sehingga lapisan menjadi tidak merata atau bergelombang, sedangkan pada temperatur 6500C dengan waktu 2 jam ketebalan ditunjukan hanya sampai pada 30 μm dan 40 μm, garis grafik mengalami kenaikan dikarenakan lapisan nitride dan permukaan tepi dari inti tidak merata sehingga lapisan menjadi bergelombang. Struktur mikro diperoleh dari hasil metalografi row material dan spesimen yang sesudah mengalami proses nitridisasi. Hasil dari struktur mikro sudah terlihat grafit berbentuk serpih keabu-abu an dan terlihat adanya sedikit korosi dikarenakan spesimen belum dilakukan proses
Inclusión educativa en los procesos pedagógicos
Authors: Mena Rengel Edith Dayana , Rengel Hinojosa Karina Elizabeth , Constante Barragán María Fernanda , Molina Lozada Mayra Alexandra , Riera Montenegro Mayra Verónica
Published: October 2020

La inclusión educativa invita a la incorporación de nuevas prácticas pedagógicas por parte de toda la comunidad académica, que contengan estrategias lúdicas y promuevan un ambiente inclusivo, permitiendo a sus alumnos alcanzar el éxito escolar. Cada estudiante posee intereses, capacidades y necesidades de aprendizaje distintos, por lo que el sistema educativo debe promover la aplicación de técnicas de enseñanza innovadoras que fomenten las habilidades y destrezas de los estudiantes con necesidades educativas especiales en la educación regular, teniendo en cuenta sus ritmos y estilos de aprendizaje.

El derecho a una educación de calidad se fundamenta en la participación activa e igualdad de oportunidades de todos los estudiantes en los procesos pedagógicos, independientemente de su condición física, económica, social, etc. La escuela inclusiva busca eliminar  las barreras de participación escolar y garantizar la equidad en la educación, a través de la aplicación de adaptaciones curriculares y el apoyo necesario en una Institución Educativa regular para conseguir que los alumnos con NEE desarrollen destrezas cognitivas y sociales.

Los maestros, por su parte, tienen el desafío de crear aulas inclusivas donde se genere cambios y modificaciones en cuanto a metodologías que permitan la formación integral de los estudiantes y la adquisición de un aprendizaje significativo.
Estrategia didáctica mediada por memes para el fortalecimiento de la lectura crítica
Authors: Torres  Bernal Yudy Tatiana , Niño Vega Jorge Armando
Published: October 2020

Este artículo reporta los hallazgos de un estudio que tuvo por objeto fortalecer la competencia de lectura crítica a estudiantes de básica secundaria, a través una estrategia didáctica basada en memes. El trabajo se realizó bajo un enfoque mixto de alcance descriptivo y de tipo investigación acción. La muestra correspondió a 31 estudiantes de grado noveno pertenecientes a una institución educativa colombiana. El diagnóstico inicial indica que la mayoría de los estudiantes no dedica tiempo a la lectura y, por ende, no logra reconocer las ideas principales  y secundarias de un texto. Para la intervención pedagógica se llevaron a cabo 7 escenarios,  en donde  se  realizaron  actividades  acordes  a las necesidades de los estudiantes. Luego  del trabajo en el aula, los estudiantes lograron adquirir habilidades en relación a la lectura crítica. Se concluye que la estrategia didáctica mediada por memes es adecuada para fortalecer la lectura crítica, luego del incremento del número de estudiantes que superaron las pruebas inicial y final de un 18% a un 82%; al igual que el nivel de aceptación que tuvieron los estudiantes por la estrategia didáctica, ya que les fue innovadora y aumentó su disposición por aprender.
Metodología para el desarrollo de capacidades tecnológicas y de innovación para la puesta en marcha de una planta de tratamiento de agua residual doméstica municipal. Caso Tibasosa, Boyacá
Authors: Hernández Abadía Ana María , Olaya Escobar Erika Sofía , Castro Silva Hugo Fernando , Olaya Escobar David Roberto
Published: October 2020

Hoy prima la necesidad de garantizar la sostenibilidad y calidad del recurso hídrico, entendiendo que su gestión se deriva del ciclo hidrológico que vincula una cadena de interrelaciones entre diferentes componentes naturales y antrópicos, por lo que se asocia como un proceso de aprendizaje intertemporal del ser humano. La mayoría de los países le dan máxima prioridad al suministro de agua, dado que es una de las necesidades básicas humanas; sin embargo, según la UNESCO en el informe mundial sobre desarrollo de los recursos hídricos del 2019, un tercio de la población mundial no tiene acceso al agua potable administrada de forma segura. Este es el caso de varias comunidades del departamento de Boyacá, Colombia y en particular de las comunidades rurales del municipio de Tibasosa en donde, a pesar de contar con dos afluentes hídricos principales como el nacimiento “La mana del padre”, y “El rio Chicamocha”, que pueden suplir la necesidad hídrica; la fuente de abastecimiento se concentra en el rio Chicamocha, cuya disponibilidad y calidad del recurso hídrico es deficiente por ser uno de los ríos más contaminados de Colombia. El objeto de este estudio es la identificación de las capacidades que debe reunir una comunidad que tiene como propósito la puesta en marcha de una Planta de Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales (PTAR) domésticas, para lo cual se realizó una investigación en términos de características importantes tales como la formación técnica y humana, innovación y desarrollo tecnológico, organización social y del trabajo, planificación y gestión de calidad, sistematización-investigación e incidencia política y social.    Posteriormente se llevó a cabo el planteamiento de una metodología para el manejo y desarrollo coordinado de las capacidades, con el propósito de gestionar el recurso hídrico en interacción con los demás recursos naturales, y propender por maximizar el bienestar social y económico resultante, en el área rural del municipio de Tibasosa, Boyacá.
Prueba piloto para la implementación de la guía de mediación policial para el sector rural en dos centros de poblado
Authors: Aparicio Reyes Johanderson , Arboleda Maya Luis Daniel , Álzate Payeras Leidy Carolina , Céspedes Prieto Nubia Edith
Published: October 2020

El presente estudio mixto secuencial de validación de la Guía para fortalecer la implementación de la mediación policial en el sector rural de Colombia, es importante para la Policía Nacional de Colombia por cuanto impacta el proceso de innovación y mejora continua del servicio de policía en el ámbito rural mediante la valoración y ajustes de un documento estructurado en el marco de una investigación aplicada en la Escuela de Policía Gabriel González.

El alcance exploratorio del estudio se ejecuta en tres fases que permiten aplicar la totalidad de los módulos incluidos en la guía valiéndose de un enfoque cuantitativo no experimental y transversal para la valoración los conflictos en las zonas seleccionadas y un enfoque cualitativo que retroalimenta las condiciones generales del proceso de validación.

Los resultados del estudio permiten establecer las mejoras aplicables a la Guía para fortalecer la implementación de la mediación policial en el sector rural de Colombia para que se adecue a las características necesarias para su implementación en el ámbito rural, específicamente en el corregimiento Palomino (Valle del Cauca) y la vereda de Torres (Cauca).
Hemofilia B o enfermedad de Christmas
Authors: Acosta-Aragón María A. , Álvarez-Mina Angélica R. , Velásquez-Paz Julián C. , Vizcaíno-Carruyo Jennifer C.
Published: October 2020

La hemofilia B o enfermedad de Christmas se diferenció por primera vez de la hemofilia A en 1947. Su forma clásica consiste en un trastorno hereditario de la coagulación causado por mutaciones en el gen F9, que codifica para el factor IX de la coagulación. Su herencia está ligada al cromosoma X; las mujeres son portadoras, pero se manifiesta clínicamente en hombres, aunque se han descrito casos de mujeres portadoras sintomáticas. El factor IX activado es una proteína dependiente de vitamina K, sintetizada en el hígado, que forma parte del complejo tenasa, cuya función es formar la mayor cantidad de trombina en el nuevo modelo de la coagulación basado en células. De acuerdo a la actividad del factor IX, su deficiencia se puede clasificar en leve (5% a 40%), moderada (1% a 5%), o severa (<1%). Su diagnóstico se realiza con la presencia de un TPT alargado que corrige con plasma normal y con la determinación del nivel funcional del factor IX, y se confirma con el estudio molecular que demuestra la mutación en el gen F9. Su diagnóstico diferencial incluye otras patologías como la hemofilia A. El tratamiento con factorIX recombinante es el más utilizado en la actualidad, pero se vienen desarrollando nuevas terapias con virus adeno-asociados recombinantes que prometen mejorar la calidad de vida para algunos pacientes afectados. La profilaxis juega un papel fundamental, en particular en los casos de enfermedad moderada y severa.
Sosyalist İktisadi Hesaplama Tartışması: Metodolojik Bir İnceleme
Authors: GÖCEN Serdar
Published: October 2020

İktisadi hesaplama tartışmasında Mises ve Hayek tarafından sosyalizme yöneltilen eleştiriler, aynı zamanda hâkim iktisat modelinin de eleştirileri olarak ele alınmalıdır. Walrasgil genel denge ve tam rekabet piyasası modelleri sosyalist iktisatçılar Taylor ve Lange tarafından sosyalizmin ekonomik olarak başarılı olacağını göstermek için kullanılmıştır. Hem liberal hem de sosyalist iktisatçılar tarafından, Mises ve Hayek’in bu iki modele getirdikleri eleştiriler tam olarak kavranamadığı için sosyalizmin, en azından piyasa ekonomisi kadar başarılı olacağı şeklinde yanlış bir kanı hâkim olmuştur. Yakın zamanda ortaya çıkan kompleksite iktisadının hâkim iktisada yönelttiği metodolojik eleştiriler, Mises ve özellikle Hayek tarafından yöneltilen eleştirilerin haklılığını göstermiştir. Böylece, Mises ve Hayek’in sosyalizmde iktisadi hesaplamanın imkânsız olduğu şeklindeki eleştirileri kompleksite iktisadı ile bir kez daha ortaya konmuştur. Sonuç olarak, sosyalist iktisatçıların Walrasgil genel denge ve tam rekabet piyasası modellerine dayanmayan yeni modellerle sosyalizmde iktisadi hesaplamanın mümkün olduğunu göstermeleri gerekmektedir.
Türkiye’de Partilerin Milliyetçilik ve Din Anlayışları
Authors: SAYGI Harun , ASLAN Cahit
Published: October 2020

Dünyada ve Türkiye’de popülist siyaset yükselişe geçmiş durumda. Günümüzde popülist siyasetin merkezinde de milliyetçilik ve din söylemi bulunmaktadır. Bu yüzden milliyetçiliğin ne olduğu, tarih içerisinde ne zaman ortaya çıktığı, nasıl gelişim gösterdiği, ne zaman sosyal bilimlere konu olduğu, üzerine yapılan tartışmaların ve araştırmaların neler olduğu ile milliyetçiliğin Türkiye’deki tarihsel dönüşümü çalışması gerekmektedir. İşte bu çalışma, Türkiye’de mevcut milliyetçi görüşleri, siyasi partilerin tüzüklerini milliyetçi kuramlar doğrultusunda incelemeyi, milliyetçi olarak değerlendirilen görüşlerinin ne olduğuna dair yeni bir fikir ortaya koymayı amaçlamıştır. Araştırmanın veri kaynağı önceden tespit edilmiş günümüz siyasi partilerin tüzükleridir. Bunun için özgül ağırlığı yüksek ve toplamda en çok oyu alan yedi siyasi parti seçilmiştir. Milliyetçilik konusunda dünya çapında otorite kabul edilen Smith’in geliştirmiş olduğu sekiz kategoriye göre partilerin tüzükleri söylem analizine tabi tutuldu. Söylem analizi yöntemiyle üretilen veriler alana ilişkin kavramsal ve kuramsal çerçevede yorumlandı. Elde edilen bulgular ve yorumlara göre örneklem olarak seçilen yedi parti de milliyetçiliğin belli bir türüne atıfta bulundukları tespit edildi. Bazı partiler dini ağırlıklı bir milliyetçilik söylemine sahipken bazıları laiklik ağırlıklı söylem geliştirdikleri tespit edildi. Bazı partilerin ise milliyetçilik ve dinin sentezlendiği bir tüzüğe sahip oldukları tespit edildi. Sonuçta bütün partiler tüzüklerinde bu milliyetçi ve dini popülist siyaseti üretmektedirler. Aralarındaki farklar milliyetçiğin türünden gelmektedir.
Normatif Teori ve Türk Dış Politikası: Türkiye’nin Nükleer Silahsızlanma Politikasının Normatif Boyutu
Authors: ÖZGÜR Meryem , YAŞAR Meysune
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’nin nükleer silahsızlanma politikasını normatif teori çerçevesinde ele almaktadır. Nathalie Tocci tarafından ortaya konulan normatif teorinin üç unsuru olan normatif amaç, normatif araç ve normatif etki kavramlarını analiz birimleri olarak kullanmaktadır. Bu analiz birimleri çerçevesinde, Türkiye’nin nükleer silahsızlanma politikasında ortaya koyduğu normatif amacını, bu amaç doğrultusunda ne gibi araçlar kullandığını ve bu amaç-araç denkleminde normatif etkisinin ne şekilde ortaya çıktığını tartışmakta, “Türkiye nükleer silahsızlanma konusunda ne ölçüde normatif dış politika izlemektedir?” sorusuna cevap aramaktadır. Bu doğrultuda 2009-2019 dönemine odaklanan çalışma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölüm normatif teorinin kavramsal çerçevesini irdeleyerek uluslararası ilişkiler literatürü içindeki konumunu ele almaktadır. İkinci bölüm, Türkiye’nin nükleer silahsızlanma politikasının normatif boyutunu NPT rejimi üzerinden ele alırken; üçüncü bölüm söz konusu boyutu BM Genel Kurul oturumlarındaki oy davranışları ve söylemleri vasıtası ile tartışmaktadır.
Prerequisites for the action of mixed infections of basidiomycetes closed agrobiocenoses
Authors: Ivanova T.
Published: October 2020

Goal. The study of functional features of pathogens isolated from Agaricus bisporus depending on taxonomic groups.

Methods. The subject of the study is isolates of pathogenic bacteria and isolated total RNA from Agaricus bisporus, which manifested themselves as primary infections at the stage of active growth of the fungus and are typical only for mushrooms. Research methods are biotechnological. Biotechnological research methods were used in the work. To identify the isolated cultures of microorganisms, sowing was performed to split carbon sources on synthetic media with the introduction of appropriate sugars. We used biochemical methods to determine the trophic characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in order to develop biotechnologies to control their spread.

Results. Isolates 1.5 and 1.6 must have a positive reaction to oxidase. Isolates 1.2 and 13.2 had a weak reaction. Sources of monosaccharides (xylose, dextrose, galactose), polysaccharides and amino acids have been identified as sources of carbon nutrition. The reaction to the breakdown of carbohydrates showed that all isolates had an oxidative type of metabolism. We have proved that chemical contamination of raw materials, substrates, casing layer and monoculture causes mutational processes in bacteria, viruses and microscopic fungi.

Conclusions. Champignon double-pore in closed agrobiocenoses (mushroom growing chambers) is affected by microorganisms, forming a complex of infections that cause significant pathologies of fungi. We found that the double-pore champignon inartificial agro biocenoses (tunnels) is affected by microorganisms, forming a complex of infections that cause significant pathologies of mushroom in the course of the experiment. To obtain high-quality mycelium is necessary to introduce technologies of modern methods of diagnostic and identification of bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens of different taxonomic groups.
STRATEGIC ORIENTATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL HEALTH OF MANUFACTURING COMPANY IN RIVERS STATE
Authors: Worluchem Ayodele  , B. Chima Onuoha  , Best C. Eke
Published: October 2020

The study empirically examined strategic orientation and organizational health of a manufacturing company in Rivers State. Data for the study were primarily sourced with the use of questionnaire. Strategic orientation was captured with strategic vigilance, strategic flexibility and environmental dynamism, while organizational health was captured using resource utilization and goal focus. In testing the hypotheses, the data were collected and analyzed using the non-parametric method, Kendall’s. From the result of the study, it was discovered that strategic vigilance has the potential to significantly influence an organization’s resource utilization while strategic vigilance can significantly influence the goal focus of an organization. Furthermore, it was also discovered that strategic flexibility has the potential to significantly influence an organization’s utilization of resources while strategic flexibility can significantly influence the goal focus of an organization. It was also unraveled that environmental dynamism does not significantly motivate the relationship between orientation and organizational health. Based on the result of the study, the following recommendations are made; organization should work to improve vigilance with regards to the environment of business and come up with new insight or ideas on how to appropriately allocate available resources and exhaustively utilize same to the benefit of the organization. Furthermore, organizational dynamism should be sought after by manufacturing organizations as it enhances the ability to increase productivity, profit, and ensure organizational health.
Implementasi Komunikasi Organisasi dalam Kegiatan Dakwah untuk Memperbaiki Diri Narapidana di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas IIB Lumajang
Authors: Bin Thohir Moh. Muafi , HM Syamsul Hadi
Published: October 2020

Da'wah has been going on for a long time among inmates in prison. Preaching took place at that place for a long time, namely during the Dutch government around 1917. After Indonesia's independence, the da'wah among prisoners was increasingly enhanced until now. The correctional system can be briefly said as a process of fostering prisoners based on a noble soul, and therefore also regards Prisoners as fellow creatures of God, individuals and members of the community. And in fostering prisoners, their mental life (including their religious life), physical and social life must be developed. With the correctional system, which means a renewal of the system in order to foster a complete human being, it is very necessary to have the right da'wah method, in accordance with and in tune with the correctional system. Penitentiary (Lembaga Pemasyarakatan) is a place to carry out guidance for prisoners and correctional students. Organizational communication is needed to carry out maximum coaching activities to achieve a goal and service that is satisfying for prisoners, as well as being a safe, orderly, free of extortion, drug and cell phone institution. Dai who was given the mandate at Lumajang Class IIB Correctional Institution had fulfilled the criteria of both scientific potential and personality potential so that the method used was in accordance with the madami faced by the prisoners who mostly inhabited the Class IIB Correctional Institution in Lumajang were drug cases. The average drug case is adolescence. The clerics always emphasize lectures on efforts to improve themselves both in the field of skills and personal because it is feared that after leaving the Lumajang Class II Correctional Institution unable to do something that can fulfill life. The challenge faced is the lack of seriousness of prisoners participating in the da'wah activities carried out by the Lumajang Class II Correctional Institution. This is due to prisoners having a level of memory that is tired because of drug addiction.

Keywords: Da'wah, Organizational Communication, Penitentiary
Dakwah Mengenai Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) Di Indonesia Dalam Konsep Maslahah Mursalah
Authors: Azhargany Rojabi
Published: October 2020

Da'wah regarding Islamic values needs to be done in the community. Including, preaching about the Islamic values contained in the views that are being discussed in the public sphere, including about Human Rights (HAM). Democratic governance requires the existence of good governance, human rights and democracy. Obtaining the standards of democratic governance is needed  by  Indonesia to be internationally  accepted.  Nonetheless, Indonesia's record on human rights  leads to the understanding  that  this country has to pay highly attention  on human rights. Five basic rights in maqashid sharia (kulliyatul khoms) as important basic ideas to be elaborated into values ​​that are included in the effort to realize good governance.

Keywords:  Da’wah, good  governance, human  rights, kulliyatul khoms
Konstruksi Sosial Keagamaan Masyarakat Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Ghofur Abdul , Subahri Bambang
Published: October 2020

Covid-19 or Corona pandemic, which has entered Indonesia since the last three months, has changed many of the religious behaviors of Indonesian people who are predominantly Muslim. Starting from praying in congregation at home, Friday prayers at home, Eid prayer at home, changing sentences on some words in the call to prayer to cancel the departure of the pilgrims. This has changed the religious traditions and religious behavior of the community in general. This study uses theoretical conceptions according to Peter L. Berger with the conception of social construction with three components, namely externalization, objectivation and internalization. This study uses a qualitative approach with the aim of uncovering a phenomenon of religious behavior that occurred in the community during the Covid-19. The conclusions in this research are, externally the community made social changes because of information related to the Covid-19 pandemic, both through a task force formed by the government, as well as news that circulated on television and social media. From that, people make objectivation by implicit behavior formation in response to government regulations and news circulating on social media. Internalization is carried out by the public by picking wisdom in every situation that occurs. Furthermore, from the socio-religious construction the perspective of Sufism during the pandemic resulted in patterns of religious behavior: patient, gratitude, tawakal and muhasabah

Keywords: Covid-19, Social Construction, Tasawuf, Society
Perubahan Pesantren antara Efektifitas dan Inefektifitas
Authors: Zahro Aminatuz
Published: October 2020

Sejarah berujar bahwa pesantren dengan segala tipologinya selalu konsisten dengan tri dharmanya yaitu: peningkatan keimanan dan ketaqwaan terhadap Allah SWT, pengembangan keilmuan yang bermanfaat dan pengabdian terhadap agama masyarakat dan negara. Untuk melaksanakan tri dharmanya dengan baik pesantren melakukan perubahan di berbagai bidang yang dikelolanya. Seperti dalam kurikulum, kepemimpinan, sumberdaya manusia dan budayanya. Perubahan tersebut mutlak perlu dilakukan oleh pesantren, karena pesantren merupakan lembaga pendidikan kedua setelah keluarga dan sebagai lembaga yang mempersiapkan anak ketika pulang kemasyarakat. Perubahan ini mempertimbangkan aspek-aspek lokalitas kepesantrenan dan keindonesiaan. Perbincangan tentang perubahan dalam rajutan pesantren tidak akan terlepas dari bagaimana sisi terang dan gelap perubahan pesantren, problem pesantren dalam menghadapinya, langkah-langkah efektif dan inefektif yang selama ini sudah banyak dilakukan oleh pesantren serta tawaran solutif perubahan pesantren. Tulisan ini berusaha menawarkan jalan keluar (Way Out) dari permasalahan tersebut.
Flipped Classroom: Its Effects on ESL Learners’ Critical Thinking and Reading Comprehension Levels
Authors: FULGUERAS MICHAEL JORDAN , BAUTISTA JUDY
Published: October 2020

This experimental study investigated the effects of flipped classroom in enhancing critical thinking and reading comprehension levels of 212 senior high school ESL learners in the Philippines; half of which received the conventional lecture-discussion approach to instruction and the other half received flipped learning approach.  Both the control and the experimental groups were subjected to equal number of 15 instructional sessions.  In order to establish the baseline data for each group in the critical thinking variable and the reading comprehension variable, pretests were conducted and were subsequently compared to posttest results.  The t-test of two independent samples assuming equal variances was used to determine if there was a significant difference between the flipped classroom approach and the lecture-discussion approach with regard to enhancing critical thinking and reading comprehension levels.  Results reveal that in both approaches, there were improvements in the critical thinking levels and the reading comprehension levels of the respondents.  However, the results reveal that the respondents who received instruction using the flipped learning approach significantly outperform the respondents who received conventional instruction.
Dioses y diablos: Idolatías y evangelización
Authors: Silverblatt Irene
Published: October 2020

Quienes estudian hoy la cosmovisión andina prehispánica reconocen que una lectura acrítica de los cronistas, indujo al error a muchos autores que trataron de analizarla (Urbano, 1979a). Los cronistas interpretaron las sociedades del Nuevo Mundo en base a las creencias y expectativa de sus propios esquemas culturales. Fue el caso, por ejemplo, del "dios creador" que buscaron en los Andes y cuya evidencia creyeron encontar en los héroes míticos viracochas. Pero un análisis más riguroso de las fuentes etnohistóricas demuestra que la existencia de un "dios creador" no corresponde a las estructuras lógicas y míticas del pensamiento andino precolombino, siendo más bien consecuencia de las preocupaciones evangelizadoras de los primeros españoles y misioneros llegados al Perú (Urbano, 1974, 1981).
Sobre Ritual y Palabra
Authors: Gómez José María
Published: October 2020

Se presenta como una novedad que un tema religioso sea tratado y publicado por el Seminario de Historia Rural Andina de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, dirigido por Pablo Macera. Su autor, un sociólogo chileno, Pedro Morandé. Se trata de una pequeña publicación mimeografiada de 79 páginas, titulada; Ritual y Palabra, (Aproximación a la Religiosidad Popular Latinoamericana).
Circuitos mercantiles y auge minero en la sierra central a fines de la época colonial
Authors: Chocano Magdalena
Published: October 2020

Cerro de Pasco ha sido el núcleo minero de mayor influencia socioecónomica en la sierra central peruana, su importancia data de fine de la era colonial en que la producción de plata cobró un nuevo auge y en este asiento se alcanzaron los rendimientos más importantes del área bajo-peruana (Fisher, 1977: 213-214, 222-223).
Los arrieros de la sierra central durante el siglo XIX
Authors: Manrique Nelson
Published: October 2020

El arrieraje cumplió un rol trascendental en la organización de la economía regional de la sierra central a lo largo del siglo XIX. En los hechos, esta actividad constituyó la columna vertebral del desarrollo de la economía mercantil en la región en los tres siglos anteriores a la construcción del Ferrocarril Central, la cual fue concluida a inicios del siglo XX, e incluso siguió jugando un rol significativo luego de que éste entrara en funciones, en base a una radical redefinición de los circuitos tradicionales, hasta un periodo relativamente reciente. Los apuntes que siguen pretenden brindar una visión muy general de la naturaleza y las característicacs de esta actividad, su impacto en la organización de la economía regional y del universo de relaciones sociales que se entretejieron en torno a los arrieros y el arrieraje.
Ejes regionales y actividad agropecuaria en el Perú
Authors: Mel´éndez Walter
Published: October 2020

El objetivo central de este artículo es plantear una reflexión en torno al problema regional y la evolución de la actividad agropecuaria en el Perú. Esta reflexión se desarrolla a partir del acercamiento al libro de Rodrigo Montoya, Capitalismo y no-capitalismo en el Perú (Un estudio histórico de su articulación en un eje regional). Este libro, que era parte de su tesis de doctorado, fue publicado en agosto de 1980. El autor era conocido por un texto anterior, que despertó notables polémicas, A propósito del carácter predominantemente capitalista de la economía peruana actual (1960-1970).