bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visualign Transformation v1
Authors: X. Henderson Michael
Published: November 2023

This protocol describes visualign transformation.
QuickNII Brain Atlas Registration v1
Authors: X. Henderson Michael
Published: November 2023

This protocol describes QuickNII brain atlas registration.
QMask Hemispheric Separation v1
Authors: X. Henderson Michael
Published: November 2023

This protocol describes QMask hemispheric separation.
DIMPLE library generation and assembly protocol v2
Authors: Macdonald Christian , Nedrud David , Shin Catherine
Published: November 2023

This is a protocol for generating and QCing mutagenic libraries using the DIMPLE protocol. This version is updated to include expanded descriptions of QC and to clarify certain steps.
THE EFFECTS OF USING FLIPPED CLOUD LEARNING WITH ADVANCING MATHEMATICAL THINKING APPROACHES ON UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS’ MATHEMATICAL CRITICAL THINKING
Authors: CHIMMALEE Benjamas , ANUPAN Anuchit
Published: November 2023

The flipped learning approach of instruction sees classroom lectures moved outside of classrooms through devices and technology. Homework is moved inside classrooms as learning activities. Due to the COVID-19 outbreak, cloud-based education platforms - the organization of the educational environment in the cloud as a tool to enable teaching and learning - have been widely deployed to support online instruction. In this study, flipped cloud learning, incorporating approach of advancing mathematical thinking, were conducted in Mathematical Analysis course to study students’ mathematical critical thinking. A quantitative method, using a pre-test-post-test design, was employed with a group of 56 undergraduate mathematics students. The research instrument was a mathematical critical thinking ability test. The quantitative data were analyzed using the descriptive analysis, n-gain and t-test. The findings revealed that students had statistically significant mathematical critical thinking of higher than 60% of the full score at the .05 level. There was an increase in students’ mathematical critical thinking abilities with a mean n-gain of .64, which was moderate. The findings also show that the students’ mathematical critical thinking was significantly enhanced by this approach at .05 level. Thus, it could be summarized that integrating strategy for advancing mathematical thinking into flipped cloud learning positively affected students’ mathematical critical thinking. The results also suggest that this reformed learning approach might be usefully employed as an instruction model in the new normal context.
EFL TEACHERS’ VOICE ON THEIR PREFERRED STRATEGIES IN TEACHING EFL WRITING DURING THE PANDEMIC: INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY
Authors: CAHYONO Bambang Yudi , ISTIQOMAH Faizatul , FITRIYAH Ima , GOZALI Imelda
Published: November 2023

This study endeavored to gain insights into English as a Foreign Language (EFL) preferred strategies in teaching EFL writing during the pandemic, particularly dealing with technology use. Six writing teachers from various universities in East Java, Indonesia, participated in this study. They were asked to respond to interview questions that were based on Lee’s (2017) five categories of technology use in a writing class and Chi’s (2009) Interactive-Constructive-Active-Passive (ICAP) taxonomy levels. Thematic analysis of the interview data revealed that five teachers managed to use technological tools in all five categories of technology usage, with the self- and peer-evaluation categories being the most frequently used. They were also able to conduct activities in all of the ICAP taxonomy levels, although some technical issues and students’ factors hindered the students from being fully engaged in the lessons. Lastly, the experience of integrating technology in the online writing class during the pandemic resulted in a moderately optimistic view by the teachers on technological integration in future onsite classes. It is recommended that the government and educational institutions provide support in terms of infrastructure, facilities, and professional development training in technology usage for teachers, especially for those who teach in remote regions.
Early Source Characterization of Large Earthquakes Using W Phase and Prompt Elastogravity Signals
Authors: Juhel Kévin , Duputel Zacharie , Rivera Luis , Vallée Martin
Published: November 2023

In the minutes following a large earthquake, robust characterization of the seismic rupture can be obtained from full wavefield records at local distances or from early signals recorded by regional broadband seismometers. We focus here on the latter configuration, and evaluate the individual and joint performances of the early low-frequency elastic phases (W phase) and the recently discovered prompt elastogravity signals (PEGS). The 2011 Mw 9.1 Tohoku–Oki earthquake is a natural target for this evaluation, because the high quality of global and regional networks enabled to gather the best PEGS data set so far. We first confirm that the well-established W-phase method, using records from global seismological networks, is able to provide a reliable centroid moment tensor solution 22 min after the earthquake origin time. Using regional stations, an accurate W-phase solution can be obtained more rapidly, down to 10 min after origin time. On the other hand, a PEGS-based source inversion can provide even earlier, starting 3 min after origin time, a lower bound of the seismic moment (Mw 8.6) and constraints on the focal mechanism type. However, relying solely on PEGS introduces uncertainties caused by the hindering seismic noise and trade-offs between source parameters that limit the accuracy of source determination. We show that incorporating even a few early W phase signals to the PEGS data set reduces these uncertainties. Using more complete W phase and PEGS data sets available 5 min after origin time enables to converge towards a result close to the Global Centroid Moment Tensor solution.
Tipificación de sistemas agropecuarios familiares y la seguridad alimentaria en el piedemonte amazónico colombiano
Authors: Jurado Mejía Alejandro Geobanny , Pardo Rozo Yelly Yamparli , Hernández Londoño Claudia Estella
Published: November 2023

Los sistemas agropecuarios familiares en el piedemonte amazónico son un fenómeno predominante en esta zona rural. El objetivo de esta investigación fue tipificar y caracterizar estos sistemas a partir de variables sociales,económicas, ambientales y también a partir de la percepción de la seguridad alimentaria como atributo que fomenta el arraigo en sistemas rurales. La muestra del estudio consistió en 61 fincas ubicadas en el corregimiento de Villa Hermosa en Florencia-Caquetá, Colombia. Se emplearon técnicas de análisis multivariado como el análisis de conglomerados y el análisis de regresión para conocer la propensión marginal al consumo, PMgC, como argumento para la identificación del potencial de ahorro de las familias. Lo anterior se complementó con un análisis envolvente de datos para medir la eficiencia técnica y determinar el potencial de mejora frente a la generación de ingresos. Se identificaron dos tipos de fincas: sistemas agropecuarios de acumulación simple y sistemas rurales de subsistencia. Se determinaron las variables socioeconómicas que configuran el gasto: el ingreso, el género, el nivel educativo y los años de experiencia en el campo. Se encontró que la PMgC en los sistemas agropecuarios fue de 0,75 en el modelo lineal simple y en el múltiple, lo que sugiere un ahorro potencial del 25 % del ingreso proveniente de las actividades del campo. Solo tres fincas fueron eficientes, mientras que el resto tienen potenciales de mejora asociadas con la subutilización de las coberturas en pasturas y cultivos. La comunidad desea fortalecer la seguridad alimentaria de la zona, pero la baja productividad no hace posible la transición hacia sistemas productivos más rentables.
Dualistyczny model poznawczy heurystyki Daniela Kahnemana i Amosa Tversky'ego
Authors: Klepczarek Emilia
Published: November 2023

The paper conducts the collective specification of fallacies in the perception of reality made by market participants. It is based on the Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky’s esseys and it proves that the paradigm of rationality in human behaviour is actually a purely idealistic assumption and is often not reflected in the factual decisions made by consumers. The article pointed out numerous examples of so-called heuristics and biases, which cause the wrong estimation of the probability of certain events and thus are the reason of making non-optimal choices. The studies provide the evidence that unconscious, irrational, emotional and psychological factors are crucial in decision-making situations and to make the forecasts and projections more realistic they should be taken into account in the development of econometric models, business strategies or human resources management policy.
Integration of Islamic values in mathematical modeling through Model Eliciting Activities Based Learning
Authors: Nisa' Asfira Zakiatun , Abdussakir Abdussakir , Rofiki Imam
Published: November 2023

Mathematics learning integrated with Islamic values needs to be carried out to provide opportunities for students to study various sciences in one scope. Many Islamic schools (madrasah) still need to be taught by integrating mathematics and Islam. This study aims to introduce Islamic integrated mathematical modelling through Model Eliciting Activities based learning. The research method used was qualitative, with a literature review. This research used the Model Eliciting Activities, which guides learning integrated Islamic mathematics. Thus, educaters can apply the learning steps in class and can develop this research more broadly.
A Network Pharmacology of Brotowali (Tinospora cordifolia) on Immunity Cases
Authors: Susanto Awang Farhan Ferdyan Syah , Jamil Ahmad Shobrun , Muchlisin M Artabah , Almuhtarihan Irsan Fahmi
Published: November 2023

COVID-19 is a disease outbreak related to the human immune system. The process of spreading very quickly makes this outbreak a dangerous pandemic. COVID-19 cases in 2020 in Indonesia, positive cases were reaching 1,089,308 people with a death rate of 20,277 people as of 2 February 2021. Efforts are being made to reduce and prevent virus transmission by boosting the immune system using an immunomodulator. Based on the literature studies that have been conducted, several Indonesian local plants have potential as immunomodulator. The in silico test was carried out because the computer simulation method has scientific validity, is relatively new, and has a high level of accuracy. This study aims to determine the protein network associated with the body's immune system, which is activated due to the administration of Brotowali (Tinospora Cordifolia). The research method used is exploratory descriptive with in silico analysis using a computational model with online databases, including KNApSAck, Dr. Duke, Pubchem, SwissADME, SwissTargetPrediction, Venny, StringDB, and KEGG. Based on the results of pharmacological network analysis, T. Cordifolia contains 33 secondary metabolites, 25 of which have high bioavailability. Proteins associated with T. cordifolia contain 640 compounds, and those related to immunomodulators contain 1380 proteins. The intersection results obtained 191 proteins predicted to interact with T. cordifolia and are related to immunomodulators. Based on KEGG Pathway analysis, there are five critical pathways in the immunomodulatory system, namely Th17 cell differentiation, IL-17 signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, and TNF signaling pathway. 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-anthraquinone can be an immunomodulator because it interacts with five critical pathways in the immunomodulator system.
In Silico Analysis of Secondary Metabolites of Clerodendrum inerme as a Potential Antidiabetes Compounds
Authors: Hilmy Fauzan , Jamil Ahmad Shobrun , Muchlisin M Artabah
Published: November 2023

Clerodendrum inerme can potentially alleviate diabetes, but little is known about its molecular mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the chemical compound of C. inerme and its molecular mechanism to treat diabetes. The KNApSAcK was used to find secondary metabolite of C. inerme. A screening was done to find compounds by estimating Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) on the SwissADME. The SwissTargetPrediction tool connects predictions of target proteins from compounds that pass screening to various probable proteins and utilizing the StringDB to show the network between target proteins and associated diseases. After finding the target protein, continue docking the chemical compound to the target protein using PyRx with AutoDock 4.2.6. The result from StringDB found four chemical compounds ((Z)-3-Hexenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, Rhodioloside, Sammangaoside B, Clerodermic acid) that can connected to 4 target proteins (DPP4, IL1B, PPARA, PPARG). According to the docking results, clerodermic acid has good protein binding properties with DPP4, IL1B, PPARA, PPARG, rammangaoside B with PPARG, and rhodioloside with DPP4. C. inerme contains clerodermic acid, rammangaoside B, and rhodioloside compounds, which can potentially treat diabetes mellitus.
In Silico Potential Analysis of Acorus calamus as a Mental Depression Therapy
Authors: Damayanti Fitria Dwi , Jamil Ahmad Shobrun , Rofida Siti , Muchlisin M Artabah
Published: November 2023

Depression is a common but serious mood disorder. This disease causes severe symptoms that affect one's emotions, thoughts, and daily activities, such as sleep, eating, or working. According to the National Youth Mental Health Survey of Indonesia, in 2022, 15.5 million (34.9%) teenagers suffer from mental disorders and 2.45 million (5.5%) have mental illnesses. Acorus calamus is believed to have antispasmodic, carminative, antihelmintic, aromatic, expectorant, nausea, soothing, sedative, and stimulant properties. It is also used to treat epilepsy and mental illness, chronic diarrhea, dysentery, and stomach pain. This study aims to determine the molecular mechanisms of the bioactive compound antidepressant Acorus calamus using pharmacological tissue analysis. Acorus calamus compound data obtained from Dr. Duke's database, screening of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of Acorus calamus Compounds with SwissADME, prediction of the Acorus calamus target compounds protein with SwissTargetpPrediction, analysis of the pharmacological network with String-DB and its visualization with Cytoscape version 3.10.1. Searching for the contents of Acorus calamus compounds resulted in 69 components and found 12 compounds that have ADME criteria that match the drug compounds (Drug Likeness/DL). The pathways correlated with therapy are the neurotransmitters of serotonin. The known target proteins are MAOA, ESR1, GRM5, CRHR1, HTR2A, DRD2, SLC6A4 and CHR with compounds that correlate with mental depression therapy, among others Aceteugenol, Acoradin, Acoramone, Alpha-Asarone, Beta-Asarone, Calamenone, Camelone, Elemicin, Isoacorone, Sekishone, trans-Isoelemicine, Epoxyisoacoragermacrone.
The Influence of Analgesic Self-Medication Education on the Knowledge of Hajj Pilgrims
Authors: Sugihantoro Hajar , Rahmadinata Yusril Dwi , Cholina Safira Isnaini
Published: November 2023

The self-medication of analgesic drugs by elderly prospective hajj pilgrims in Indonesia requires better education to enhance understanding of safe and rational drug use, thus reducing the risk of side effects. Therefore, the research aimed at providing education to increase the knowledge of prospective Hajj pilgrims. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of providing video education on the knowledge level of self-medication with analgesic drugs among prospective Hajj pilgrims in the city of Batu. This study is an pre-experimental research using a one-group pretest-posttest design on 21 prospective hajj pilgrims in the Batu District, Batu City. The sampling was conducted using a purposive sampling method. Data were obtained through questionnaires administered to respondents both before and after the intervention. The analysis of the impact of video education on the knowledge of prospective hajj pilgrims about self-medication with analgetic drugs was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank statistical test. After being given education, there was a significant increase in the respondents knowledge about self-medication with analgetic drugs, rising from 19.04% having good knowledge previously to 90.47% after the video education session, with the Wilcoxon test results indicating a significant difference between the pretest and post-test scores; the relatively low z-score (-3.794) and very low p-value (0.00) indicate that the ranking for the group with post-test scores is higher, signifying a significant improvement, thus post-test scores are better than pretest scores.
Features of the functioning of onyms in the handwriting of G.R. Derzhavin
Authors: Shcherbak Antonina S. , Guo Juanjuan
Published: November 2023

The features of the functioning of onyms in the poetic work of G.R. Derzhavin are revealed. Based on the material of the original title of the poem “Zhizn’ na Zvanke” (later called “Evgeniyu. Zhizn’ Zvanskaya”), the expediency of the presence of the preposition NA- in the toponym Zvanka is considered and the correctness of its use is established, which is reflected in modern rules for the use of toponymic word forms. It is substantiated that the word forms of the toponym NA Zvanke, V Petropol give an idea not only of the nomination process itself, reflecting the connection of the toponym with the denotation through a motivating feature, but also about the culture of using the toponym in the context of both synchrony and diachrony. Based on the material of complex onomastic signs, consisting of an anthroponym and a common noun, the profiling of the autocrat’s attribute is established: “occupation”, “evaluative characteristic”, “degree of fame”. It has been proven that the functioning of proper names in Derzhavin’s text becomes the meaning-forming center and essence of the created image (settlement), the addressing factor, implying an appeal to the addressee (Eugene), explicitly expressed in the heading complex and in the structure of the text itself, which was traditional for the genre dedications in Russian literature in the era of Derzhavin.
Dystopia or Transgression? (Two readings of V. Sorokin’s story “The Blizzard”)
Authors: Kovalenko Alexander G. , Hu Jiarui
Published: November 2023

The subject of work is the question of V. Sorokin’s creative method. An attempt to explain the writer’s creative nature leads to the idea of an internal contradiction that is characteristic of his work as a whole and is realized in each individual work. The point is that the writer’s creative declaration, reduced solely to a “linguistic experiment”, does not fit well with real practice, which leads to contradictions in the interpretation of his work in criticism. There are as if “two Sorokins”, one insists that his works are exclusively texts for exercises in “transgression”, the other creates dystopias perceived as works saturated with social meanings. V. Sorokin was originally “against literature”, but lives “at the expense” of literature and is interpreted by readers and researchers as literature of the highest level. He dissociates himself from “literary centrism”, but paradoxically becomes its epicenter. This study proves that this contradiction does not really require resolution, it is the “driving force” of the writer’s work, “organic” for the “Sorokin phenomenon”. The result is the creation of a “linguistic dystopia”. The problem is of undoubted relevance, the results of the analysis allow us to clarify important points in assessing the writer’s work.
Plot transformation of “Mozart and Salieri” tragedy by A.S. Pushkin in the story “Pi Day” by N. Dashevskaya
Authors: Zhutova Svetlana Y. , Sorokina Nataliya V.
Published: November 2023

The ways of reflecting classical texts in modern literature on the example of the story “Pi Day” by N. Dashevskaya addressed for teenage readers are considered. It is shown how the creation is formed on the allusion to the tragedy “Mozart and Salieri” by A.S. Pushkin. The specificity of a new type of hero, developed in the context of traditions, taking into account the ideas about modern teenager personality is revealed. The correlation of the plot about Mozart and Salieri with the literary hero of the new time is described. In the main antagonists’ images of N. Dashevskaya’s story – Lev Inozemtsev and Kirill Komlev – the positive and negative features combination is emphasized. The methods of gifted teenager image formation in the creation are characterized, the artistic embodiment specificity of his socialization, adaptation way in the school community is determined. Differences number of the modern author’s book from the classical creation are highlighted, the writer’s desire to form in young readers the need to have a look at the source material is emphasized. The compositional features of the story “Pi Day” are defined: division into two equal parts, narration on behalf of different characters, fragmentary day-night narration. The practical significance of the research, the results using possibility in literature school teaching as a way of increasing the high school students reading interest to the classic Russian literature is outlined.
Risk of venous thromboembolic complications in patients with diabetes mellitus and COVID-19
Authors: Abramov D. V. , Smol'kina A. V.
Published: November 2023

The article assesses concomitant diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for venous thromboembolic complications in patients with covid-19 in hospital settings. We analyzed 123 case histories of patients hospitalized for new coronavirus infection in the first wave of COVID-19. The results showed that diabetes mellitus was not an independent risk factor for venous thromboembolic complications in patients with COVID-19.
The direction of increasing effectiveness of the treatment of periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Shabunin A. V. , Arakelov S. E. , Dubrov V. E. , Maer R. Yu. , Obolenskiy V. N. , Podkosov O. D. , Leval' P. Sh. , Nabatchikov N. A.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: in the world orthopaedic practice, attention is increasingly paid to surgical interventions that improve the patient’s quality of life. One of these interventions is joint arthroplasty. The most common reason for this operation is osteoarthritis. It is known that coxarthrosis and gonarthrosis have a a high incidence in the world and there is a dynamic increase in the amount data pathologies. However, behind all the advantages of joint arthroplasty here is most formidable complication – periprosthetic infection, which can be fatal for the patient. According to opinion of domestic and foreign experts, for a successful treatment of patients with this complication, intervention is needed by specialists of a narrow profile in combination with a multidisciplinary approach, however patient routing an unresolved problem to this day.

The purpose of the work: to propose a model for routing patients with periprosthetic joint infection in Moscow.

Results. As a result of the work carried out it was found that the main problem of routing patients with periprosthetic joint infection in Moscow is the stage and timing of the disease. Often the patient with lat periprosthetin infection is hospitalized in a hospital in a city that has a department of purulent surgery, but the specialists of the department have not the necessary equipment and skills to provide effective and qualified care as a result of which patient wastes time that could be spent more rationally.

Conclusion. For more efficient routing of patients with periprosthetic joint infection in Moscow it is necessary to create specialized centres for the treatment of advanced perprosthetic infection. In cases of early periprosthetic infection the patient can undergo sanitizing surgical mixing in the conditions of the department of purulent surgery of any hospital in Moscow.
Concept «grade-stage» in morphological diagnostics of chronic colitis in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Tertychnyy A. S. , Akhrieva Kh. M. , Pachuashvili N. V. , Urusova L. S.
Published: November 2023

Purpose: to propose a new approach in the morphological diagnosis of colitis using the categories grade and stage to clarify and decipher the diagnosis of chronic colitis and improve the quality of biopsy diagnostics.

Materials and methods. The study included 100 cases of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosed between 2017 and 2021 (70 cases of ulcerative colitis and 30 cases of Crohn's disease). The age of the patients ranged from 19 to 53 years. In all cases, the diagnosis was established on the basis of a complex of clinical, laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods. Multiple biopsies were obtained in all patients during colonoscopy. The processing of the biopsy material was carried out according to the generally accepted method. To evaluate plasma cells, an IHC study with antibodies to CD138 (syndecan-1) (Dako RTU) was additionally performed.

Results. In the course of the study, a gradation of morphological criteria was carried out, which are decisive in the diagnosis of chronic colitis in patients with IBD. The concept of chronic colitis as a process characterized by the grade of severity and stage of chronic inflammation has been revised and re-formulated. Criteria of structural disorders (stage of colitis from 0 to 3) and criteria of severity of chronic inflammatory infiltrate (grade of colitis from 0 to 3) were identified and graded. Additionally, an attempt was made to objectify the selected criteria using an IHC study using antibodies to CD138 plasma cells (syndecan-1). Based on the material of colonobiopsies, the proposed degree-stage approach was tested in the group of colitis in patients with IBD, which showed the possibility of its practical application.

Conclusion. The proposed concept will be able to improve the quality of biopsy diagnostics and avoid unjustified use of the term "chronic colitis" without further elaboration and, accordingly, its frequent unjustified use existing at the moment.
Políticas e processos de internacionalização da Educação Superior
Authors: Zilberberg-Oviedo Lourdes Evangelina
Published: November 2023

Introdução/Objetivo: Este estudo objetiva analisar as políticas e processos de internacionalização do Centro Universitário Armando Alvares Penteado (FAAP), identificando as contribuições para o desenvolvimento da interculturalidade e das competências interculturais (CI) na tríade ensino, pesquisa e extensão, entre 2014 e 2021. Além disso, pretende-se refletir sobre as ações de internacionalização desenvolvidas pela instituição nesse período, aprofundar a discussão sobre as políticas e os processos de internacionalização a partir da consolidação do Centro Universitário e sua relação com os contextos nacional, regional e internacional, bem como identificar ações que possam fortalecer o desenvolvimento da interculturalidade. Metodologia: A pesquisa, baseada no materialismo histórico-dialético, busca estabelecer a singularidade do objeto - a elaboração de juízos e conceitos - utilizando as seguintes técnicas de coleta de dados: pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, seguida de entrevistas com alunos, professores e gestores da instituição. Resultados/Conclusão: Constatou-se, nos resultados parciais da pesquisa, que os processos de internacionalização da FAAP encontram-se consolidados, pois, ao longo de 20 anos, foram realizadas diversas atividades que a relacionam com instituições e redes de cooperação ao redor do mundo. A crescente importância dada à questão intercultural, reforça a perspectiva de uma internacionalização solidária e é estimulada por meio da realização de cursos e de atividades de integração. Cabe destacar que não há um modelo local que explique como ocorre a aquisição de CI. Assim, propomos, com o auxílio da pedagogia histórico-crítica, além de exemplos e cases ocorridos no marco da internacionalização da instituição, desenvolver um modelo de aquisição de interculturalidade e de CI.
PROLIFERATION AND APOPTOSIS IN RAT MODELS OF ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA INDUCED BY CAPSAICIN EXTRACT NANOPARTICLE GEL
Authors: Widyaningsih Pratiwi Nur , Aniowati Fitri , Naim Cantika Nadrotan , Anggraeni Nova Dwi
Published: November 2023

Background: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is highly invasive neoplasm of oral epithelial tissue that is moderately differentiated and tends to metastasize rapidly. Capsaicin, a pungent phytochemical in red peppers, exhibits both anti-proliferative and potential pro-cancer effects on human cancer cell lines. Purpose: Determine the proliferation and apoptosis between five groups of rats induced OSCC. Method: 5 groups of treatment; C- (untreated rats), C+ (induced by DMBA), E1 (exposed to DMBA and given cisplatin), E2 (induced by DMBA and Capsaicin extract nanoparticle gel with 1% concentration), and E3 (induced by DMBA and Capsaicin extract nanoparticle gel with a concentration of 3.3%). Maceration method was used to obtain Capsaicin extract from green cayenne pepper, then made into nanoparticle gel. Tissue samples were taken after the treatment was completed, then they were pathologicallyobserved histopathological using IHC to assess apoptic activity via the TUNEL method and proliferative activity using PCNA. Result: The proliferative activity in the E1 group had a significant difference compared to the E2 and E3 groups. E2 and E3 were not significantly different (p-value ≥0.05). Apoptotic activity in Group E1 indicated a significant difference from the E2 group and was not significantly different from the E3 group, whereas the E2 and E3 groups were significantly different from each other (p-value ≤0.05). Conclusion: The research showed that Capsaicin nanoparticle gel increased apoptotic activity while decreasing proliferative activity in different treatment groups of the OSCC rat model.
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES AND TYPES OF FARMER TRAUMA? A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Maisyaroh Arista , Prasetya Widianto Eko , Syaifuddin Kurnianto
Published: November 2023

Background: The application of technology in agricultural mechanization has not been able to prevent or reduce the threat of occupational health problems in farmers. It is necessary to identify the causative or triggering factors. Purpose: Identify the causes and types of injuries experienced by farmers. Review: The method used in this study was a literature review with an electronic database search through Springer Link, Science Direct, Pub-med, and Google Scholar based on the inclusion criteria respondents that were farmers who had experienced work-related trauma and there were interventions in the form of assessment of trauma events in farmers, using the method of a systematic review or analytical retrospective study or a population-based observational study or cross-sectional study, using Indonesian and English, published in 2018-2022. Result: The results of the literature review showed that the causes of trauma due to agriculture were agricultural machinery, hand tools/ manual agricultural tools, farm animals, wild animals, falls, ergonomic positions, and fatigue. At the same time, the types of trauma in farming accidents were soft tissue injuries, concussions, fractures, avulsions, amputations, and infections to death. Conclusion: Work-induced injuries directly affected farmers' lives, so it is necessary to increase knowledge in recognizing the factors causing injuries and management according to the type of injury experienced.
EFFECTIVENESS EDGE DETECTION OPERATOR CANNY TO IMPROVE IMAGE QUALITY THORAX CT SCAN IN CASES COVID-19
Authors: Prima Selvia Megawati  , M. Choiroel Anwar  , Fatimah  , Sudiyono  , Darmini  , Saifudin
Published: November 2023

Background: Thorax CT scan is one of the medical supports that contributes most importantly to the diagnosis, especially cases of COVID-19. The disadvantage that has a CT scan image is noise. When the noise is high then the Signal Noise Ratio (SNR) value produced is low. Canny operator edge detection technique is one solution to animate noise. Purpose: Analyzing differences in image quality and anatomical information on thorax CT scan images in COVID-19 patients before and after the application of canny operator edge detection techniques. Method: A quasi experimental research on thorax CT Scan images before and after the application of canny operator edge detection which amounted to 10 samples. Image assessment is done by measuring noise, SNR, and anatomical information. Differences in image quality (noise and SNR) are tested with paired T-tests. Anatomical information is tested with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Result: There are differences in image quality in thorax CT scan images in COVID-19 patients before and after the application of canny operator edge detection techniques, with p-value <0.001. There are differences in the anatomical information of thorax CT scan images in COVID-19 patients before and after the application of canny operator edge detection technique with a p-value of 0.004. Conclusion: Edge detection operator canny techniques are able to lower noise values, improve SNR and improve image anatomy information thorax CT scan in COVID-19 patients.
THE ANALYSIS OF INTERINCISAL AND VERTICAL ANGLES ON CONVEX FACIAL PROFILE ACCORDING TO STEINER (STUDY OF JAVANESE ORTHODONTIC PATIENTS IN BANYUMAS REGENCY)
Authors: Aisyah Dewi Kusuma Nur , Handayani Fani Tuti , Budi Purnama Ryana , Taqwim Ali , Rachel Keshena Jatu
Published: November 2023

Background: Orthodontic treatment focuses on correcting abnormal teeth and jaw positions for better facial esthetics. Abnormal teeth can be corrected by interincisal angle, while vertical angle can determine the facial growth pattern. Purpose: Analyze the interincisal and vertical angles on convex facial profiles of Javanese orthodontic patients in the Banyumas Regency. Method: Analytical descriptive research was conducted with a cross-sectional design. A purposive sampling technique was used to obtain lateral cephalograms totaling 33 based on inclusion and exclusion criteria from three locations. The lateral cephalogram was traced using tracing paper, while the interincisal and vertical angles were measured based on Steiner’s analysis. Two operators carried out measurements, starting with tracing validation and the Kappa test. Furthermore, the results were from the average measurement of the two operators. Result: The mean interincisal and vertical angles were 115.30° and 37.04° with a protrusive inclination and hyperdivergent face, respectively. The correlation test showed a p-value of 0.432 (p > 0.05), meaning there was no relationship between the interincisal and vertical angles in Javanese orthodontic patients. Conclusion: There is no relationship between the interincisal and vertical angles in the convex facial profile of Javanese orthodontic patients in the Banyumas Regency.
Yeniden Yapılandırılan Anestezi Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde Enfeksiyon Oranlarındaki Değişimlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: YAMAN Ferda , KURADA Gizem , EKEMEN Serdar , YELKEN Birgül
Published: November 2023

Enfeksiyon, yoğun bakım ünitelerinde önemli mortalite ve morbidite nedenidir. Yoğun bakım ünitesinde dirençli organizmaların üremesini ve bulaşmasını azaltmak için önerilen stratejilerden biri, organizmaların komşu yataklardan bulaşma olasılığını azaltmak ve enfeksiyon kontrol önlemlerine uyumu artırmak için hastaları tek yataklı odalara yerleştirmektir. Açık koğuş sistemi ile yönetilen yoğun bakım ünitesi yeniden yapılandırılarak kapalı koğuş sistemi ile yönetilmeye başlandı. Açık koğuş sisteminde takip edilen 6 aylık süreç ve izole oda sistemine geçtikten sonraki 6 aylık süreçte yatan hastalardaki enfeksiyon oranlarını retrospektif olarak incelemeyi amaçladık. Yeni yoğun bakım ünitesinde 6 aylık periyodda 274 hasta (grup A) takibi yapılmış ancak çalışma kriterlerine uygun 35 hasta, eski yoğun bakım ünitesinde 6 aylık periyodda yatan (grup B) 203 hastadan 23 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Açık koğuş sisteminde takip edilen 6 aylık süreç ve izole oda sistemine geçtikten sonraki 6 aylık süreçte en az 1 hafta yatışı olan mekanik ventilatör desteği alan hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Dış merkezlerden kabul edilen hastalar ile entübe halde kabul edilen hastane içi hastalar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Bilgisayar data sistemi kullanılarak hastaların APACHE II, GKS, yaş, cinsiyet, yatış nedeni ve kültür sonuçları ile kaçıncı gün üreme olduğu kayıt edildi. Bu kayıtlara göre hastalardaki enfeksiyonların görülme yerleri, sıklıkları, etkenler ve dirençli mikroorganizmaların üreme oranları karşılaştırıldı. İstatistiksel analiz sonucunda kolistin dirençli üreme sonuçları yönünden anlamlı bir fark olduğu (p<0,05), Grup B hastalarında kolistin direnci gelişme oranının daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Trakeal aspirat kültür sonuçları incelendiğinde Grup B’de istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu (p<0,05) üreme oranlarının daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak; yoğun bakım ünitelerinde çoklu ilaca dirençli bakterilerin ortaya çıkmasını ve yayılmasını önlemeye yönelik stratejiler antimikrobiyal tedavinin etkinliğini ve kullanımını artırmaya çalışan stratejilerin yanısıra enfeksiyon kontrol önlemleri arasında hasta izolasyonu önem arzetmektedir. Çalışmamızın sonucunda izole oda yoğun bakım ünitesinde daha az dirençli mikroorganizma üreme oranı olduğu gösterilmiştir.
2D behavior of Gravity at Large Distances
Authors: Kumar Naman
Published: November 2023

We show that the entropy or information flow of a gravitational system constrains the dependence of gravitational force on radial distance r which for very large r is equivalent to gravity in two dimensions. This explains the "origin" of dark matter and provides a natural solution to the problem of flat rotation curves of galaxies at very large distances and a larger deflection angle for a gravitational lens.
Krüppel-like Factors Hypertrophy Modulation Following Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Damage
Authors: Santoyo-Suarez Michelle Giovanna , Garcia-Loredo Juan Andres , Mares-Montemayor Jimena D. , Garza-Ocañas Lourdes , Benitez-Chao Diego F. , Soto-Dominguez Adolfo , Estrada Rodriguez Ana E. , Rodriguez-Nuñez Oscar , Camacho-Morales Alberto , Zapata-Morín Patricio Adrián , Garza-Treviño Elsa N. , Delgado-Gallegos Juan Luis , Padilla-Rivas Gerardo R. , Islas Jose Francisco
Published: November 2023

Cardiac hypertrophy typically follows myocardial damage, a process known to involve members of the Krüppel-Like Factors (KLFs) which have pro-hypertrophic and anti-hypertrophic roles. Our study delved into the molecular mechanisms underlying KLFs-cardiac hypertrophy interplay post myocardial infraction. We induced myocardial dam-age in rats using isoproterenol. Total RNA was extracted from the left ventricle and Quantitative Real Time RT-PCR was conducted to assess the expression of KLFs, cardiac commitment genes, inflammatory markers, and certain conduction-related genes. We devel-oped a computational approach to construct a proteomic network centered on KLFs. Initial results revealed early expression (2-3 days post-induction) of KLF3, KLF4 and KLF6, followed by the subsequent expression of KLF11 and KLF15 (5-8 days after induction). In the maturation stage, KLF12 and KLF13 regulators were found upregulated. IL-6 was gradually found to be upregulated through. Interaction analysis revealed KLF3, KLF8 and KLF12 interacted with cardiac electrical functions. RT-PCR confirmed up-regulation in cardiac genes linked to electrical function and scar maturation. Our findings underscore the central role of KLFs during the modulation of the cardiac hypertrophic response. Dysregulation of KLF expression resulted in damaged myocardium, participating in the progression of abnormal hypertrophy, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets for heart diseases.
Leaflet: Operative Steps for interventional studies
Authors: Meringolo Maria , Delle Monache Sergio , Martella Giuseppina , Peppe Antonella
Published: November 2023

Clinical trials often involve new substances characterized or developed for a specific pathology or class of pathologies. At other times, a clinical trial is observational; in other words, a known sub-stance has a range of effects on a given cohort of subjects. The types of trials are different and complex, and often, young clinical novice and the inexperienced researchers may struggle to evaluate how to proceed correctly. In this paper, we aim to create a mini-guide for beginners in clinical trials and provide elements for designing a clinical trial. Our intention is to highlight where to find the materials and how to adapt, even in the absence of sponsors, so that even the most inexperienced and under-resourced researcher can gain an understqanding of the complexi-ty of the process andaddress it appropriately. We do not claim to be exhaustive or cover all ele-ments, but rather, we aim to create a checklist. With this approach, starting discussioms about the experimental phases of the drug and concluding with the clinical trial, we aim to assist those facing this challenging "world."
Antifungal Potential, Mechanism of Action, and Toxicity of 1,4-Naphthoquinone Derivatives
Authors: Almeida Juan Diego Ribeiro de , Fonseca Raissa Sayumy Kataki , Cortez Ana Claudia Alves , Lima Emerson Silva , Oliveira Juliana Gomes de Souza , Souza Érica Simplício de , Frickmann Hagen , Souza João
Published: November 2023

The increase in fungal infections, accompanied by adverse effects and acquired resistance associated with the use of antifungal agents used for their clinical management, have facilitated the search for new substances with antifungal properties. Naphthoquinones have been investigated due to their multiple biological activities, including their significant antifungal potential. This study aimed at evaluating the antifungal potential of naphthoquinones against opportunistic fungi and dermatophytes and to assess the impact of a selected naphthoquinone on the formation of the cell wall, ergosterol membrane, and cellular membrane of Candida albicans ATCC 60193. Additionally, cytotoxicity in the MRC-(Medical Research Council-)5 cell lineage, Artemia salina, and tomato as well as arugula seeds was evaluated. The antifungal activity of four naphthoquinones was assessed using well-characterized fungal strains, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined applying the microdilution assay technique. Antifungal activity of the assessed naphthoquinones could be confirmed, particularly for 2,3-DBNQ (2,3-dibromo-1,4-naphthoquinone), which showed prominent antifungal activity (MIC of <1.56 - 6.25 µg/mL) in all chosen test settings. However, its toxicity in MRC-5 cells (IC50 = 15.44 µM), a recorded 100% mortality in A. salina at a concentration of 50 µg/mL, as well as inhibition of 94.8% of the tomato seeds at a concentration of 400 µg/mL and inhibition of 64.1% of arugula seeds at a concentration of 200 µg/mL may limit hypothetical therapeutic applications. It was demonstrated that the likely mechanism of action of 2,3-DBNQ involves interfering with fungal membrane permeability, leading to increased leakage of nucleotides. This study adds to available knowledge on antifungal effects of naphthoquinones, especially of 2,3-DBNQ, against opportunistic yeasts and dermatophytes. However, the observed cytotoxicity in the MRC-5 cell lineage, A. salina, as well as tomato and arugula seeds highlights a need for further research to optimize the selectivity and safety profile of naphthoquinones like 2,3-DBNQ before potential clinical use may be assessed.
Synergistic Zinc(II) and Formate Doping of alpha-FAPbI₃ Perovskite: Thermal Stabilization and Enhanced Photoluminescence Lifetime
Authors: Hoeksma Merk M. , Williams René M.
Published: November 2023

Adding zinc (II) and formate anions improves the thermal phase-stability of alpha-FAPbI3 materials and the spin-coated thin films of such doped FAPbI¬3 show an increased emission lifetime of up to 3.7 microsecond on quartz. This work investigates the effects of zinc and formate on the stability and time resolved photoluminescence of FAPbI3 perovskites for solar cell applications. Perovskite samples with varying concentrations of zinc and formate were made by incorporating different amounts of zinc formate and zinc iodide and characterized with XRD. Doping levels of 1.7% Zn(II) and 1.0% formate (relative to Pb) seem optimal. The thermal stability of the perovskite powders and thin films were assessed. XRD was virtually unchanged after 6 months. The time-resolved photo-luminescence spectroscopy of the doped spin-coated perovskite samples is reported. The results show that synergy between an anionic and a cationic dopant can take place, making the perovskite thermally more stable with a longer charge carrier lifetime.
Drugs, Vaccines and Druggable Targets of Salmonella Typhi
Authors: Ndezure Emmanuel , Ibrahim Iddrisu , Abugri James , Ayariga Joseph
Published: November 2023

Despite recent public health and hygiene advancements, enteric fever, commonly referred to as typhoid fever, remains a common disease in developing nations. The common mode of infection is contaminated water or food. Additionally, person-to-person transmission through poor hygiene and sewage contamination of water supplies has been blamed for most outbreaks. The exact burden of typhoid has yet to be discovered because of the lack of surveillance systems in many developing nations. This makes it difficult to estimate the number of cases. Recent studies have shown that the actual number of cases of typhoid has been estimated to be around 21.6 million annually. The mortality studies suggest that the incidence of typhoid is highest in children under five years old. Typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever have been demonstrated to be life-threatening illnesses. Salmonella serotype Typhi (S. Typhi) is the causative organism of typhoid fever whereas Salmonella serotype Paratyphi is the causative organism for paratyphoid fever. The S. Typhi bacterium is known to be resistant to various drugs. There is a dire need to develop new drugs to treat and overcome the current drug-resistant S. Typhi. The identification of new targets marks the beginning of the process of developing new anti-S. Typhi drugs. The S. Typhic genome sequencing and recent cutting-edge molecular biology tools have led to the discovery of numerous new inhibitors and targets. The goal of this review is to identify the most critical targets in the S. Typhi that are targeted by drugs. It also highlights the various promising vaccines on the market or are still in preclinical studies. A detailed understanding of the targets could help researchers develop safer and more efficient antibacterial agents against S. Typhi.Additionally, the advancement of molecular techniques and the knowledge of the Salmonella pathogenesis pathways have opened better avenues to develop effective antibiotics and vaccines against this pathogen. This review also sought to identify and summarize critical structures of this pathogen that play significant roles in the maturation, development, and pathogenesis of S. Typhi. The endpoint of this work is to provide valuable information on potential therapeutic targets of S. Typhi for drug and vaccine developers.