bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Weeds Hosts of Nematodes in Sugarcane Culture
Authors: GIRALDELI A.L. , SAN GREGORIO J.P.R. , MONQUERO P.A. , AGUILLERA M.M. , RIBEIRO N.M.
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT The presence of weeds and nematodes can affect of sugarcane yield. This research evaluated whether weeds that are very frequent in mechanized harvested sugarcane can be hosts for root-knot nematodes: Meloidogyne incognita or Meloidogyne javanica. Regarding nematode hospitability, ten weed species as well as a control sample (tomato) were evaluated; they were inoculated with M. incognita and M. javanica. The plants were inoculated with 2,000 eggs and second-stage juveniles (J2), and there were three plants per experimental unit (6,000 eggs and J2 per pot - repeatition); 60 days after inoculation (DAI), the plants were removed and evaluated according to reproduction factor (RF), nematode final population (FP) and reproducibility index (RI). Regarding weed hospitability, it was found that Luffa aegyptiaca acted as a host for both nematodes, with RF > 1, which was higher than the control sample. Digitaria horizontalis was classified as a host for M. incognita and as a non-host for M. javanica. Mucuna aterrima and Crotalaria spectabilis presented the lowest RF and FP. Ricinus communis and Ipomoea triloba presented galls when inoculated with M. incognita, but were not considered host, since they presented RF < 1. None of the weed species was considered immune, i.e., with RF = 0. The lowest RF values of M. incognita (race 3) were related to Crotalaria spectabilis and Euphorbia heterophylla plants. This demonstrates the ability of crotalarias in decreasing nematode population in the field and justifies its use in several areas before planting main crops.
Germination Ecology of Catchfly (Silene conoidea) Seeds of Different Colors
Authors: TANVEER A. , JAVAID M.M. , ABBAS R.N. , ALI H.H. , NAZIR M.Q. , BALAL R.M. , SHAHID M.A.
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT Catchfly (Silene conoidea), an annual herb, is usually recognized as an emerging weed species in Eurasia and North America. The presence of somatic seed polymorphism might aid in the adaptation of this weed in different climatic conditions. We conducted laboratory and greenhouse experiments to study the seed polymorphism and influence of various environmental factors like temperature, salt stress, osmotic stress and burial depth on the germination and emergence characteristics of catchfly. Optimum germination of seeds of all colors was recorded at a temperature of 15 oC. Germination of catchfly seeds of all colors followed decreasing trend as NaCl concentration increased from 50 mM to 200 mM. Seed germination was maximum (87-96%) at 0 MPa but gradually decreased to 40% as osmotic stress increases up to -0.4 MPa and completely inhibited at 0.6 MPa of all seed colors. A slight increase (from 60 to 95%) in the germination of seeds of black and dark brown colors was observed when seeding depth increased from 0 to 2 cm but decreased when seeding depth increased from 2 to 4 cm in seeds of all colors. There was no emergence of catchfly at seeding depth of 6 cm or greater. Our results concluded that catchfly seeds have the potential to germinate and emerge in various environmental conditions, but germination/emergence percentage of seeds of all colors will be different in different environmental conditions. Soil amendments including deep ploughing may aid for the successful management of this weed in cultivated areas.
A teoria marxista da dependência: papel e lugar das ciências sociais da Universidade de Brasília
Authors: Rosso Sadi Dal , Seabra Raphael Lana
Published: May 2017

Resumo Propõe-se, neste artigo, analisar a contribuição da produção social de quatro intelectuais que trabalharam nos primórdios da Universidade de Brasília com relação à teoria marxista da dependência. São utilizados textos e memoriais produzidos à época e duas entrevistas realizadas recentemente, além da bibliografia sobre o assunto. Encontrou-se evidência de que a Universidade de Brasília foi lugar de embate teórico travado entre funcionalismo e marxismo, da necessidade de fundamentar a produção analítica dos intelectuais com o aporte metodológico e teórico do marxismo, da realização da crítica sobre a concepção da relação entre países que fazem parte do sistema mundial como desenvolvidos e subdesenvolvidos, sem com isso envolver uma relação de exploração, embora se tenha encontrado nos textos referências e raízes de elementos da teoria da dependência, tal como o mecanismo da exploração redobrada pela burguesia nacional e pelo capital internacional. O artigo destaca a formação militante de pelo menos três dos quatro intelectuais nas fileiras da Organização Revolucionária Marxista - Política Operária (Polop) e sua influência sobre a atuação política e a necessidade da revolução socialista.
O que as teorias do reconhecimento têm a dizer sobre as manifestações de rua em 2013 no Brasil
Authors: Pinto Celi Regina Jardim
Published: May 2017

Resumo Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir as teorias do reconhecimento como instrumental para a análise das manifestações de rua ocorridas no Brasil em junho de 2013. Examina três autores: Nancy Fraser, Axel Honneth e Judith Butler, descrevendo os pontos centrais da teoria do reconhecimento de cada um deles, para assim apontar as possibilidades e os limites de sua aplicação no estudo em pauta. A hipótese que norteia o artigo é a seguinte: nas manifestações de rua de 2013, a ausência de sujeitos coletivos organizados caracterizou uma condição de dispersão e fragmentação, resultando em uma demanda por reconhecimento antipolítica e individualizada. Tendo em vista esse cenário, chegou-se à conclusão de que as teses de Judith Butler sobre reconhecimento foram as que se mostraram mais apropriadas à análise dos eventos.
Anatomic pulmonary resection via video-assisted thoracic surgery: analysis of 117 cases at a referral center in Brazil
Authors: Soder Stephan Adamour , Barth Frederico , Perin Fabiola Adelia , Felicetti José Carlos , Camargo José de Jesus Peixoto , Camargo Spencer Marcantônio
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe our experience with video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) for anatomic pulmonary resection at a referral center for thoracic surgery in Brazil. Methods: All patients who underwent anatomic pulmonary resection by VATS between 2010 and 2015 were included. Clinical and pathological data, as well as postoperative complications, were analyzed. Results: A total of 117 pulmonary resections by VATS were performed, of which 98 were lobectomies and 19 were anatomic segmentectomies. The mean age of the patients was 63.6 years (range, 15-86 years). Females predominated (n = 69; 59%). The mean time to chest tube removal was 2.47 days, and the mean length of ICU stay was 1.88 days. The mean length of hospital stay was 4.48 days. Bleeding ≥ 400 mL occurred in 15 patients. Conversion to thoracotomy was required in 4 patients. Conclusions: Our results are similar to those published in major international studies, indicating that VATS is an important strategy for pulmonary resection. They also show that VATS can be safely performed with adequate training. This technique should be used more often for the treatment of lung diseases in Brazil.
Estimated rates of recurrence, cure, and treatment abandonment in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis treated with a four-drug fixed-dose combination regimen at a tertiary health care facility in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Silva Vangie Dias da , Mello Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz , Figueiredo Sonia Catarina de Abreu
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: To estimate the rates of recurrence, cure, and treatment abandonment in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis treated with a four-drug fixed-dose combination (FDC) regimen, as well as to evaluate possible associated factors. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study involving 208 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis enrolled in the Hospital Tuberculosis Control Program at the Institute for Thoracic Diseases, located in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Between January of 2007 and October of 2010, the patients were treated with the rifampin-isoniazid-pyrazinamide (RHZ) regimen, whereas, between November of 2010 and June of 2013, the patients were treated with the rifampin-isoniazid-pyrazinamide-ethambutol FDC (RHZE/FDC) regimen. Data regarding tuberculosis recurrence and mortality in the patients studied were retrieved from the Brazilian Case Registry Database and the Brazilian Mortality Database, respectively. The follow-up period comprised two years after treatment completion. Results: The rates of cure, treatment abandonment, and death were 90.4%, 4.8%, and 4.8%, respectively. There were 7 cases of recurrence during the follow-up period. No significant differences in the recurrence rate were found between the RHZ and RHZE/FDC regimen groups (p = 0.13). We identified no factors associated with the occurrence of recurrence; nor were there any statistically significant differences between the treatment groups regarding adverse effects or rates of cure, treatment abandonment, or death. Conclusions: The adoption of the RHZE/FDC regimen produced no statistically significant differences in the rates of recurrence, cure, or treatment abandonment; nor did it have any effect on the occurrence of adverse effects, in comparison with the use of the RHZ regimen.
Diffuse cystic lung diseases: differential diagnosis
Authors: Baldi Bruno Guedes , Carvalho Carlos Roberto Ribeiro , Dias Olívia Meira , Marchiori Edson , Hochhegger Bruno
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT Diffuse cystic lung diseases are characterized by cysts in more than one lung lobe, the cysts originating from various mechanisms, including the expansion of the distal airspaces due to airway obstruction, necrosis of the airway walls, and parenchymal destruction. The progression of these diseases is variable. One essential tool in the evaluation of these diseases is HRCT, because it improves the characterization of pulmonary cysts (including their distribution, size, and length) and the evaluation of the regularity of the cyst wall, as well as the identification of associated pulmonary and extrapulmonary lesions. When combined with clinical and laboratory findings, HRCT is often sufficient for the etiological definition of diffuse lung cysts, avoiding the need for lung biopsy. The differential diagnoses of diffuse cystic lung diseases are myriad, including neoplastic, inflammatory, and infectious etiologies. Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, and follicular bronchiolitis are the most common diseases that produce this CT pattern. However, new diseases have been included as potential determinants of this pattern.
The National Cancer Institute Community Cancer Centers Program (NCCCP): Sustaining Quality and Reducing Disparities in Guideline-Concordant Breast and Colon Cancer Care
Authors: Spain Pamela , Teixeira-Poit Stephanie , Halpern Michael T. , Castro Kathleen , Prabhu Das Irene , Adjei Brenda , Lewis Rebecca , Clauser Steven B.
Published: May 2017

Background

The National Cancer Institute Community Cancer Centers Program (NCCCP) pilot was designed to improve quality of cancer care and reduce disparities at community hospitals. The NCCCP's primary intervention was the implementation of the Commission on Cancer Rapid Quality Reporting System (RQRS). The RQRS is a hospital-based data collection and evaluation system allowing near real-time assessment of selected breast and colon cancer quality of care measures. Building on previous NCCCP analyses, this study examined whether improvements in quality cancer care within NCCCP hospitals early in the program were sustained and whether improvements were notable for minority or underserved populations.

Methods

We compared changes in concordance with three breast and two colon cancer quality measures approved by the National Quality Forum for patients diagnosed at NCCCP hospitals from 2006 to 2007 (pre-RQRS), 2008 to 2010 (early-RQRS), and 2011 to 2013 (later-RQRS). Data were obtained from NCCCP sites participating in the Commission on Cancer Rapid Quality Reporting System. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of concordance with breast and colon cancer quality measures.

Results

The sample included 13,893 breast and 5,546 colon cancer patients. After RQRS initiation, all five quality measures improved significantly and improvements were sustained through 2013. Quality of care measures showed sustained improvements for both breast and colon cancer patients and for vulnerable patient subgroups including black, uninsured, and Medicaid-covered patients.

Conclusions

Quality improvements in NCCCP hospitals were sustained throughout the duration of the program, both overall and among minority and underserved patients. Because many individuals receive cancer treatment at community hospitals, facilitating high-quality care in these environments must be a priority.
Geriatric Assessment Predicts Survival and Competing Mortality in Elderly Patients with Early Colorectal Cancer: Can It Help in Adjuvant Therapy Decision-Making?
Authors: Antonio Maite , Saldaña Juana , Carmona-Bayonas Alberto , Navarro Valentín , Tebé Cristian , Nadal Marga , Formiga Francesc , Salazar Ramon , Borràs Josep Maria
Published: May 2017

Background

The challenge when selecting elderly patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) for adjuvant therapy is to estimate the likelihood that death from other causes will preclude cancer events from occurring. The aim of this paper is to evaluate whether comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) can predict survival and cancer-specific mortality in elderly CRC patients candidates for adjuvant therapy.

Material and Methods

One hundred ninety-five consecutive patients aged ≥75 with high-risk stage II and stage III CRC were prospectively included from May 2008 to May 2015. All patients underwent CGA, which evaluated comorbidity, polypharmacy, functional status, geriatric syndromes, mood, cognition, and social support. According to CGA results, patients were classified into three groups—fit, medium-fit, and unfit—to receive standard therapy, adjusted treatment, and best supportive care, respectively. We recorded survival and cause of death and used the Fine-Gray regression model to analyze competing causes of death.

Results

Following CGA, 85 (43%) participants were classified as fit, 57 (29%) as medium-fit, and 53 (28%) as unfit. The univariate 5-year survival rates were 74%, 52%, and 27%. Sixty-one (31%) patients died due to cancer progression (53%), non-cancer-related cause (46%), and unknown reasons (1%); there were no toxicity-related deaths. Fit and medium-fit participants were more likely to die due to cancer progression, whereas patients classified as unfit were at significantly greater risk of non-cancer-related death.

Conclusion

CGA showed efficacy in predicting survival and discriminating between causes of death in elderly patients with high-risk stage II and stage III resected CRC, with potential implications for shaping the decision-making process for adjuvant therapies.
A reference state curve to define the state of soils over a wide range of pressures and densities
Authors: Javanmardi Y. , Imam S. M. R. , Pastor M. , Manzanal D.
Published: May 2017

Granular materials exhibit a behaviour that is strongly dependent on density, effective confining pressure and grain characteristics. The complexity is such that, in the past, for a given sand, loose and dense specimens, or specimens subjected to very low or very high confining pressures were considered as different materials and were modelled as such, using different constitutive parameters. The introduction of the state parameter improved both understanding of the behaviour and modelling of granular materials. Several alternative definitions have been proposed for the state parameter but they suffer from some limitations, especially when sand is very loose, has fines, or is subjected to high confining pressures. The purpose of this paper is to describe those deficiencies and to introduce a new state index based on a novel reference state curve. The proposed reference state curve is then applied to understanding and predicting some important aspects of soil behaviour such as: (a) stress ratios at the peak point of undrained effective stress paths and (b) the ‘reverse behaviour’ of sandy soils that show an unusual behaviour in undrained shearing under high effective confining pressure.
Transformation and change in knowledge generation paradigms in the African and global contexts: implications for education research in the 21st century
Authors: Odora Catherine
Published: May 2017

There are many things that education and development in Africa was supposed to be about, but which it is still not. To many critical readers, education has stood by, "eyeless in Gaza" (Milton, 1667-1671, l. 41), unable to find the words and strategies deep enough to deal with epistemological disenfranchisement and cognitive justice with untold consequences for the development of the "whole person" in Africa. When it has engaged with "development," education either encourages blind assimilation into it, or it proposes ameliorative responses to the effects of development such as over consumption and environmental pollution-or selectively focuses on particular aspects of development such as economic development whilst underplaying or totally ignoring cultural and intercultural education. For its part, development has been rescued from time to time from itself by such humanising prefixes as sustainable, human-centred, and ecological, and so forth. But at its core, its pungent inheritance has yet to be unpacked. Indigenous knowledge systems impel and compel profound rethinking of the actual templates upon which both education and development are premised, and challenge both conceptually, methodologically, and ontologically a new level of action in response to the rebirth of Africa.
Decolonising methodology: who benefits from indigenous knowledge research?
Authors: Keane Moyra , Khupe Constance , Seehawer Maren
Published: May 2017

It is common for indigenous knowledge (IK) researchers in South Africa to conduct studies within conventional Western paradigms, especially in the field of IK-science curriculum integration. The scientific paradigm usually takes precedence and research publishing follows the rules of the academy. There is an inherent paradox in this practice. An endeavour that aims to redress Western knowledge hegemony and decolonise the school science curriculum often judges its own value in terms of the very system it critiques. While much useful work has been done in IK-science curriculum integration, and calls are made for appreciating both knowledge systems, it is concerning that the research knowledge is available to academics and generally not to indigenous communities who are usually cocontributors (at least) to the research data. This paper argues for research processes and outcomes that could benefit indigenous communities. We present examples drawn from three science curriculum studies in different areas of South Africa. We briefly describe the research contexts, and the ways that the researchers sought to ensure knowledge was shared in relevant representations with each community. We also discuss some of the dilemmas we encountered and offer suggestions for strengthening knowledge dissemination, appreciation, preservation, as well as reimagining IK for new generations.
SAJS CrossMark test: May 2017
Authors: Wubbeling Nadine ,   Academy of Science of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
Published: May 2017

Abstract test for CrossMark
BiTE® Xenograft Protocol v1
Authors: L. Ross Sandra , Marika Sherman not provided , Patricia L. McElroy not provided , Julie A. Lofgren not provided , Gordon Moody not provided , Patrick A. Baeuerle not provided , Angela Coxon not provided , Tara Arvedson not provided
Published: May 2017

This protocol describes methods for a mouse xenograft study designed to measure in vivo BiTE®efficacy against antigen-expressing human tumor cells. In a modified version, the protocol is used to measure BiTE®-mediated bystander killing. Mixtures of human EGFR-positive (unlabeled) and EGFR-negative (luciferase-labeled) cells are implanted in nude mice along with human T cells. Mice are treated daily with BiTE®, beginning oneday after tumor implantfor 20 days. Growth of EGFR-negative cells is measured by imaging (luminescence) and by calipers (tumor volume).
EXPLORING THE CONCEPT OF REFLECTIVE PRACTICE IN THE CONTEXT OF STUDENT-CENTERED TEACHER EDUCATION
Authors: Bubnys Remigijus , Zavadskienė Loreta
Published: May 2017

Being one of the most popular theories of professional knowledge in the last 30 years, reflective practice has been widely adopted not only by practicing teachers in their working environment, but in pre-service teacher education as well. Meeting the need to respond to the challenges posed by the society nowadays, higher education is undergoing radical changes calling for the proper implementation of student-centered studies. In the context of such a paradigm shift there is a strong urge for the concept of reflective practice to be examined more carefully so that it could be put into effect in the studies of higher education. The paper seeks to respond to this problem by offering an in-depth analysis of the attributes characteristic of the concept of reflective practice in the paradigm shift. Based on the thorough review of scientific works dealing with the concept of reflective practice in teacher education, the current study reports on the insights regarding the development of this concept for reflective practice to be successfully applied in the process of teacher education.
FB, THEY AND ME – THE ATTEMPTS OF USING SOCIAL MEDIA AS TOOLS FOR REFLECTIVE LEARNING AND COMMUNICATING AT THE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Bielinis Lidia
Published: May 2017

The concept of reflective learning focuses on the idea of analysing the practitioners’ experiences and the way they can learn from them. Considering the higher education, the author decided to describe students’ and academic teacher’s experiences related to learning and communicating through closed groups on Facebook. The three words: FB, they, me are deliberately put together in the title of this article. The experiences were collected to analyse the authors’ own teaching methods and to determine the best learning outcomes by academic teachers and students. The methods of collecting data were mainly based on individual, Internet interviews. As a theoretical concept, the author referred to reflective learning models introduced by (among others) D. A. Schön, T. Borton, D. A. Kolb and G. Gibbs as well as to the theory of transformative learning and Connectivism.
ROLE OF PROFESSIONAL SELF-EXPRESSION OF HIGH SCHOOL TEACHERS IN DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN UNIVERSITY
Authors: Tarasova Irina Vladimirovna
Published: May 2017

The article is devoted to studying the problem of professional self-expression of university teacher. Thesis about the existence of 6 cognitive attributes of the university teacher’s self expression was theoretically identified and empirically acknowledged as a concept: 1) representation of a particular level of people’s self-conscience including professional; 2) describing method, by which a person shows, regulates his activity during objectivation in professional work; 3) acting as the cognitive model of conducting cognitive activity of ethnos, society, individual in natural language ; 4) multiple meaning expression of particular level of individual’s experience and knowledge; 5) emotionality, personal identifying, having subjective and personal judicious and emotional personal meaning, verbal and non-verbal method of expression through reputation, behavior, reactions and etc.; 6) dependence from both teacher’s general culture and particular aspects. The system of criterion of university teacher’s self expression and their indicators was proposed. This approach allowed showing the role of university teacher self-expression in the development of a university through identifying the influence of every university teacher professional self-expression level (external – image building, social professional, creative reformative) on the university development.
CONFLICT TOLERANCE OF A TEACHER: DIAGNOSIS AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Koryakovtseva Olga , Yuferova Marina , Bugaychuk Tatiana
Published: May 2017

In today's rapidly developing society conflict tolerance is an important quality of professionals in different areas. The question of the teacher’s tolerance to conflict has not been studies well enough. The results of this research disclose relationships between indicators general adaptability and components of conflict tolerance of future teachers, which is important in the formation and development of conflict tolerance of a teacher
PROFESSIONAL IDENTITY OF HIGHER EDUCATION TEACHERS IN SAMPLES OF RIGA AND SMOLENSK
Authors: Jermolajeva Jelena , Bogdanova Tatiana
Published: May 2017

In most studies on professional identity (PI) of teachers, the subject of research is the PI of a school teacher; far less attention is paid to teachers working at higher education institutions (HEI). The aim of this article is to study the model of HEI teachers’ professional identity by a general comparative analysis of the indicators of its structural components in samples of Riga and Smolensk. The structural components of the proposed model are philosophy of the profession, professional knowledge, professional roles, professional attitude to work, cooperation with colleagues, professional engagement behaviors. To test the relevance of the model, a questionnaire was created with 60 items, and a survey of university teachers was carried out. In total, 198 teachers were surveyed in Riga and Smolensk. The obtained results show the relevance of the proposed model of teachers’ PI and the technique developed to study it. All the components of the model have high average scores and correlate well with each other. The lack of statistically significant differences in both survey samples points out that the PIs of teachers have much in common, regardless of the country of residence and features of the national educational systems. The elaborated technique can be applied as the tool of evaluation/self-evaluation of HEI teachers’ PI to improve the educational process.
INNOVATIVE ASPECTS OF IMPROVING THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Authors: Boymuradov Shukhrat , Hodjaeva Umida
Published: May 2017

In modern conditions, the wide introduction of information and communication technologies (ICT) into the social sphere is of great importance, therefore the development of science is impossible without the use of new educational technologies. The purpose of the research is to develop scientific and methodological provisions for the use of infocommunication technologies and internationalize professional training of medical students. The object of the research is the process of improving the professional training of students in medical universities. The subject of the research is the pedagogical and organizational-content conditions for improving the information training of students of medical schools on the basis of the use of ICT in teaching. The hypothesis of the research is that increasing the information training of students of medical schools in professional activities based on the use of ICT will be effective if: - the scientifically grounded way of preparation of students for professional activity with use of ICT within the framework of existing State educational standards of the higher vocational training is offered; - a model for the formation of cognitive activity of students of medical schools based on the use of ICT is developed. The methodological basis of the research are the ideas of the theory of a intergral educational process, the concept of personal developmental learning, the concept of education using computer technology, the concept of the formation of the information culture of the individual in general and the teacher, in particular [2,4,5,7,8]. Conclusions: The analysis of the state of the development of information technologies in education, the disclosure of the specifics of the use of ICT allow to develop organizational and semantic conditions for the formation of elements of the methodical system of using modern information technologies in vocational training of medical students.
UNIFIED LAWYERS EXAMINATION, FOR AND AGAINST
Authors: Gaveika Artūrs
Published: May 2017

Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Latvia believes that in Latvia is relatively low quality of legal education. As the most appropriate way for solving this problem is considered state unified lawyer qualification exam, which would promote legal education quality growth. The quality of legal education in Latvia is increasingly becoming the subject of public discussion. In 2016 took place the final Ministry of Justice working group meeting on implementation of the state lawyer's professional qualification examination. The article devoted to challenges and perspectives of unified lawyer qualification examination implementation.
DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNAL MOTIVATION OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY IN STUDENTS-ATHLETES ON THE BASIS OF USE OF HEURISTIC METHODS IN TEACHING SUBJECT "ANATOMY"
Authors: Vilchynskaya Liudmila
Published: May 2017

In the article the role of heuristic methods of training in development of an intrinsic motivation of the educational activity of students of specialty "Physical culture" reveals. The methodological basis of research is constituted by pedagogical heuristics – methodology of training through own search. Content of heuristic training includes two parts: invariant which is set from the outside and is acquired by the student, and variable, created by each of them in the course of educational activity.The problem of research is formulated as a question: how it is possible to strengthen an intrinsic motivation of educational activities of students during teaching subject "Anatomy".The orientation of motivation of studying by students of subject "Anatomy" came to light by T. D. Dubovitskaya's test (reliability 0,935 (on Spirmen-Brown's formula) and 0,927 (on Cronbach's formula)). The data on change of dynamics of the academic progress of students confirming efficiency of heuristic methods are also provided in article.
THE JUSTIFICATION OF DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRATIVE MODEL OF SOCIAL EMOTIONAL COMPETENCE
Authors: Elsiņa Inese , Perepjolkina Viktorija
Published: May 2017

Social emotional competence (SEC) is called as one of the most needed competences of 21st century. In the past dozen years, number of researches about SEC’s relationship to many other crucial outcomes in psychosocial life of individual –performance, school readiness, success in participation and interaction with peers and adults, well-being, different clinical variables, in example, learning disabilities, depression, anxiety, withdrawal behavior etc. –have been published. Nevertheless, there is no agreement about the definition of SEC, which components comprises it, and there is no standardized measure for SEC assessment. There hasn’t been sufficient qualitative scientific discussion about the topic in Latvia as well, although SEC or its components have been frequently researched here. The aim of this article was to provide a theoretical overview of the problems and challenges in SEC research in general and to justify the need of development of integrative model of SEC. The main objective was to develop its preliminary theoretical version.
MENTORING AS A TOOL FOR PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF TEACHERS
Authors: Dzerviniks Jānis
Published: May 2017

The terms 'mentor' and 'mentoring' are frequently used in the field of business, however, nowadays they are topical in general education as well. In Latvia, the teacher mentor profession has been included in the Classification of Occupations since 2012, which means that teachers, who have acquired the rights to carry out mentoring at educational institutions, can be paid for teacher mentor work hours. However, mentoring is most often a life's calling for teachers rather than a position with financial cover. A wish to identify the pedagogical potential of mentoring in the field of teachers' professional development determined the topic of the research. The research reflected in the paper includes the analysis of scientific literature, analytic judgements based on previously conducted research, as well as the results of the interview of teacher mentors and author's personal pedagogical experience.
The DNA of a successful woman
Authors: Urlińska Magdalena
Published: May 2017

The article is a reflection on the contemporary portrait of a woman, an expression of social expectations of her role, a reflection of the needs and aspirations of three-dimensional map of personality traits. Genotype of the successful woman contains a "gene" of commitment, creativity, self-awareness, passion, self-development, self-acceptance, curiosity about the world and people, willingness to change and a sense of satisfaction. The image of women created, to the media is a portrait of "wonderwoman", which is the result of a perfect housewife, a woman vamp, effective and creative manager, the ideal mother, wife, friend who perfectly manages herself and others in time, realizes in motherhood, in the professional and personal field. Today's portrait of a successful woman contains a "gene" commitment, creativity, self-awareness, passion, self-development, self-acceptance, curiosity about the world and people, willingness to change and a sense of satisfaction. The DNA of a successful woman is constructed on the basis of: self-awareness and her own uniqueness, belief in own potential, the balance between body and femininity, emotions, values ​​and beliefs. Wonderwoman knows who she is and what she wants.
SHOULDER INJURIES IN SWIMMING: REASONS
Authors: Solovjova Jelena , Upitis Imants , Dravniece Irena
Published: May 2017

Swimming is one of the most popular recreational and competitive sporting activities. The repetitive nature of the swimming stroke and demanding training programs of its athletes raises a number of concerns regarding incidence and severity of injuries that a swimmer might experience during a competitive season. A number of risk factors have previously been identified but the level of evidence from individual studies, as well as the level of certainty that these factors predispose a swimmer to pain and injury. We have examined 134 leading swimmers, among them 50 female and 84 male aged between 11 and 18 years having trained from 1 to 9 years. In order to clarify the implementation of young swimmers shoulders areas state Latvian swimmers questioner‘s connected to shoulder area pain summarizing was used.  We figure out, that in all swimmers groups is evidence tendency- pain in shoulders area appears when swimming in small or big paddles, using swimming resistance and in fast interval training. From all four swimmer groups –Most’’ successful’’ group is 11-12 years old swimmers. From 25 respondents in this age group answer about feeling pain often -1 swimmers, when swimming fly and one –when swimming freestyle. But when swimming with paddles – more complaints, when swimming in big paddles-8 answers and in small paddles-6 answers. The largest number -9 answers about pain, when swimming long distances using one stroke. The total number of positive answers is dominated by the age group 13-14 years. The greatest manifestation of painful sensations when swimming in the shoulder blades, with intense swimming and when using swimming resistances equipment. A similar trend is observed in the group of 15-16 year old. However, the number of complaints is less than in the group of 13-14 year old. On pain during swimming in the shoulder blades, 15 and 20 swimmers complain, respectively. In the older group, 17-18 years- the least number of complaints, although swimming in big paddles often causes pain.
THE IMPACT OF FOCUSING STUDENTS' ATTENTION ON THEMSELVES AS FUTURE PROFESSIONALS ON THEIR PROFESSIONAL CALLING
Authors: Saveljeva Regina , Rupšienė Liudmila
Published: May 2017

Researchers express ideas about the relationship between focusing students' attention on themselves as future professionals during their studies and students' professional calling. However, empirical evidence on this relationship is still lacking. The research aimed to answer the question: "What is the impact of focusing students' attention on themselves as future professionals on their professional calling?" In order to answer this question the quasi-experiment with the non-equivalent comparison group without the pre-test design has been carried out. The quasi-experimental programme was implemented in the experimental group of 31 student of the social pedagogy study programme of Klaipėda University in 2009-2014. The control group consisted of 79 students from three other Lithuanian universities. The final measurement was carried out in the control and experimental groups on May-June, 2014. The results argue that focusing students' attention on themselves as future professionals during their studies has an impact on their professional calling.
CONCEPTUALISATION OF CULTURE PHENOMENA BY PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
Authors: Mazlaveckiene Gerda
Published: May 2017

Cultural awareness has become the centre of modern language education that reflects a greater understanding of the inseparability of language and culture, as well as the need to train students for intercultural communication in the globalised world. Realising it or not, language teachers cannot avoid conveying impressions of another culture: language cannot be separated from the culture in which it is embedded\. Therefore, while training a future teacher of a foreign language it is essential to develop his/her cultural awareness, i.e. the knowledge and understanding of the conventions, customs and beliefs of another culture, as well as abilities to interpret, relate and provide critical judgement of one’s native and foreign cultures. Hence, the current article focuses on the conceptualisation of culture phenomena of pre-service teachers of foreign languages.  It presents the results of a questionnaire survey conducted at five universities of Lithuania in 2014. The research sample involved 504 pre-service teachers of foreign languages (English, German, French, Polish and Russian), who completed a questionnaire survey consisting of both closed-ended and open-ended questions. The future teachers’ conceptualisation of culture was analysed as twofold: perception and awareness of culture forms of the countries of the native and target languages, as well as their involvement in cultural activity.
MOTIVATIONAL READINESS OF PERSONNEL OF A HIGH TECH INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE TO THE CONTINUATION OF WORK AT THE STAGE OF ITS DECOMMISSIONING
Authors: Kotlyarova Liubov , Sysoeva Ekaterina
Published: May 2017

It is in a common practice to decommission a high tech industrial enterprise after depletion of its technological resource. During the preparation to decommissioning of a state enterprise the number of staff is decreasing. In order to keep the resources of labour potential the management of the industry offers to the employees an employment in other enterprises of the industry. The employees of the enterprise to be decommissioned have to make a choice: whether to continue working in the same industry or to search for their new occupation themselves. The article describes the results of studying motivational potential of a high tech industrial enterprise during the decision-making process of decommissioning due to depletion of the technological resource. The motivational potential is considered as a motivational readiness to continuing or ceasing work at the enterprises of the same industry and nine types of the motivational profile. The motivational readiness is studied by a specially designed questionnaire. The type of the motivational profile is defined by Milman technique (2005). The research results show that 82 % of the employees are ready to continue working at the enterprises of the same industry, 10 % are in the process of decision-making and 8% are going to search for a new employment in other spheres. Further the type of the motivational profile for each employee is defined by Milman technique (2005). For each group, defined by the criterion of motivational readiness to continuing working for the same industry, the rate of motivational types in the group is calculated. The defined patterns are used while forming personnel reserve for the enterprise in power-down mode and during decommissioning stage as well as when rotating staff to other enterprises of the industry.
CHANGE OF LECTURERS’ ROLE IN APPLYING PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING IN UNIVERSITY STUDIES
Authors: Lenkauskaitė Jurgita
Published: May 2017

The article deals with the change in lecturers’ role that takes place when traditional study process is being replaced by problem-based learning. In problem-based learning a lecturer becomes a facilitator not authoritatively transferring knowledge to students but contributing to the construction of social knowledge, in which an important role is given to students’ knowledge conditioned by their unique experience, learners’ interaction, their relations with various subjects of social environment. Together with lecturer’s changing role problem-based learning also provokes the transformation of power relations in university studies. Facilitation that makes up the basis of a lecturer’s role in problem-based learning causes quite many challenges because it is an unstructured process requiring lecturer’s ability to flexibly respond to students’ learning needs, provide them adequate support in a right way and time, etc.
AN APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT EDUCATION: INTERDISCIPLINARY MODEL
Authors: Ahrens Andreas , Zaščerinska Jeļena , Melnikova Julija , Andreeva Natalia
Published: May 2017

In business practice the paradigm has changed from global business to hybrid business. This shift requires a new quality of management education in order to bring out next-generation managers and leaders. The aim of the research is to shape an approach to management education through interdisciplinary research underpinning elaboration of a hypothesis on an innovative approach to preparing next-generation managers and leaders within management education. The meaning of the key concepts of “approach” and “principles” is studied. Moreover, the study demonstrates how the key concepts are related to the idea of “management education”. The study shows how the steps of the process are related following a logical chain: analysis of the terms “approach”, “principles” and “conditions” → approach to management education → conclusions. The novel contribution of this paper is the hypothesis on an innovative approach to preparing next-generation managers and leaders within management education.
Impact of aerobic physical activities on different memory systems
Authors: Šneidere Kristīne , Harlamova Jeļena , Ulmane Zane , Arnis Voldemārs , Stepens Ainārs
Published: May 2017

Introduction: The aging society has become one of the key issues regarding the health policy. World Health Organization states that by the year 2050, population aged over 60 will reach 22%. Despite the increase of a human lifespan, illnesses and declines created by the age, have not changed over the years (WHO, 2016). The research shows that it is possible to delay such issues as cognitive decline with aging and even dementia by changing ones lifestyle (Benedict et al., 2012). The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between long-term aerobic physical activity and different memory systems. Methods: 29 participants aged from 65 to 80 (M = 72,48, SD = 4,7, 28% male) participated in the study. Participants were divided into three groups based on their aerobic physical activity experience. In the first group were seniors with long-term regular aerobic physical activity experience, who have also been involved into competitive sports, in the second group seniors with short-term regular aerobic physical activity experience were included. In the third group participants with overall sedentary life style were included. To assess long-term and short term memory the Memory Ten Word test (Luria, 1976), to assess associative memory and working memory, two subtests from Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive abilities were used – Memory for Names and The Numbers Reversed Test (Mather & Woodcock, 2001). To obtain information on demographic data as well as physical activity experience, Demographic Data Questionnaire, International Physical Activity Questionnaire for Elderly (Hurtig-Wennlöf, Hagströmer, & Olsson, 2010) and Social Determinants of Health Behaviours (FINBALT, 2008) were used. The testing process was conducted working with each participant individually for two days. Results: Preliminary data indicated neither significant diferences nor correlations in memory systems across all three groups. Conclusions: The present data shows that long- or short-term involvement in aerobic physical activity does not impact any of the memory systems; however, this study has many limitations that might impact the results. Firstly, and most importantly, there are still discussions on proper group division as some of the long-term active seniors currently are less active than their short-term active peers. Secondly, in data analysis we did not control for education or age and thirdly, data analysis were conducted on a very small sample.
SOCIETAL PERCEPTIONS ABOUT BEING A GOOD TEACHER IN LATVIA
Authors: Drelinga Elga , Zariņa Sandra , Iliško Dzintra , Silova Larisa
Published: May 2017

Teacher is one of the most responsible professions in the world because the teacher builds a sustainable society. There is an ongoing discussion about a professional competency of the teacher and changes in the requirements for teachers in the acquisition of knowledge, skills and attitudes required from teachers. There are numerous researches being carried out about the professional competency of teaching competency. The professional teaching standard that was ratified in 2004 is outdated but the new teaching standard is not designed yet because policy makers cannot come to an agreement about what a good teacher needs to know. For the changes to take place, the main aim of the study is to explore and to analyze societal opinion about the notion of a good teacher and competencies required for a good teacher. The research was carried out from May, 2016 until September with a participation of 160 respondents from different age groups. To ensure the validity of the study the authors used a questionnaire. Acquired data indicate that there exists a significant difference between the opinion expressed by the school age children and the opinion of adults. By describing the ideal of a good teacher pupils pay more attention to personal features of a teacher but adults pay closer attention to the skills and knowledge needed for a teacher.