bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Progesterone – Effective for Tocolysis and Maintenance Treatment After Arrested Preterm Labour?
Authors: Rath Werner , Kuon Ruben-J.
Published: May 2019

Numerous experimental studies indicate that natural progesterone, through various mechanisms, exerts an inhibitory effect on uterine contractility and sensitises the myometrium for tocolytics. It was therefore appropriate to investigate the possible benefits of oral/vaginal progesterone and the synthetic progesterone derivative 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate, applied intramuscularly, in clinical studies on primary tocolysis, additively to established tocolytics (“adjunctive tocolysis”) and as maintenance treatment after successful tocolysis in cases of threatened preterm birth. Three studies with a small number of cases do not yield any sufficient evidence for recommending progesterone/17-α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate as primary tocolysis in women with preterm labour. There is also no evidence that progesterone or 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate combined with commonly used tocolytics leads to a prolongation of pregnancy and a significant decrease in the rate of preterm birth. The data on the use of progesterone as maintenance treatment is controversial. While randomised, controlled studies with low quality showed promising results, studies with high quality did not reveal any significant differences with regard to the rate of preterm birth < 37 weeks of gestation, the latency period until delivery and in the neonatal outcome between progesterone/17-α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate and placebo or no treatment. Significant differences in the methodology, the inclusion and outcome criteria, the mode of application and the dosages of the substances as well as the inadequate statistical power as a result of low numbers of cases make interpretation and comparability of the studies difficult. Therefore, well-designed randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind studies with uniform primary outcome criteria are needed in order to clarify whether progesterone and via which route of administration and at which dosage is of clinical benefit for patients with manifest preterm contractions and as maintenance treatment after arrested preterm labour.
Therapieoptionen bei Endotheldekompensation nach Glaukomchirurgie
Authors: Maier Philip Christian , Reinhard Thomas
Published: May 2019

Seit einigen Jahren hat sich die Descemet Membrane endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) in Deutschland als Methode der ersten Wahl bei Patienten mit Fuchs-Endotheldystrophie und pseudophaker bullöser Keratopathie durchgesetzt. Bei dieser Operationsmethode, bei der die erkrankte Descemet-Membran durch eine Spenderlamelle aus Descemet-Membran und Endothel ersetzt wird, kann es jedoch nach Glaukomoperationen wie der Trabekulektomie oder der Implantation von Drainageimplantaten zu spezifischen intra- und postoperativen Komplikationen kommen. Hierzu zählen die erschwerte Entfaltung der Transplantate durch das Vorhandensein eines Drainageimplantates mit einem entsprechend erhöhten Endothelzellverlust ebenso wie die Gefahr des Verlustes der Luft-/Gastamponade in der Vorderkammer über die Trabekulektomie bzw. das Drainageimplantat mit entsprechend erhöhtem Dislokationsrisiko für das Transplantat. In der folgenden Übersicht soll zunächst auf das Risiko des Endothelzellverlustes nach verschiedenen Glaukomoperationen eingegangen werden und anschließend die Vor- und Nachteile der verschiedenen Transplantationstechniken erörtert sowie mögliche Hilfestellungen zur Verbesserung der Operationstechnik gegeben werden.
Update Breast Cancer 2019 Part 2 – Implementation of Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics in Advanced Breast Cancer Patients in Clinical Practice
Authors: Janni Wolfgang , Schneeweiss Andreas , Müller Volkmar , Wöckel Achim , Lux Michael , Hartkopf Andreas , Nabieva Naiba , Taran Florin-Andrei , Tesch Hans , Overkamp Friedrich , Lüftner Diana , Belleville Erik , Schütz Florian , Fasching Peter , Fehm Tanja , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Ettl Johannes
Published: May 2019

The treatment of patients with advanced breast cancer has developed further in recent years. In addition to therapeutic progress in the established subgroups (hormone receptor and HER2 status), there are now therapies which are geared to individual molecular characteristics, such as PARP inhibitor therapy in BRCA-mutated patients. In addition to this, tests are being developed which are intended to establish additional markers within subgroups in order to predict the efficacy of a therapy. PI3K mutation testing in HER2-negative, hormone-receptor-positive tumours and PD-L1 testing of immune cells in triple-negative tumours are expected to become established in clinical practice in order to select patients for the respective therapies. With new therapeutic approaches, new adverse effects also appear. The management of these adverse effects, just as those of classical therapy (supportive therapy), is essential with the introduction of new treatments in order to preserve patientsʼ quality of life. Knowledge regarding measures to preserve and improve quality of life has significantly increased in recent years. Lifestyle factors should be taken into account, as should modern therapeutic methods. This review summarises the latest studies and publications and evaluates them in regard to the relevance for clinical practice.
Hämoptysen in der Schwangerschaft
Authors: Forster F. , Schulte W.
Published: May 2019

Wir stellen hier eine sehr seltene, aber wichtig zu bedenkende Ursache einer pulmonalen Hämorrhagie in der Schwangerschaft vor. Eine 41-jährige Patientin stellt sich mit Hämoptysen in der 29. Schwangerschaftswoche vor, die bei Oligosymptomatik und spontanem Sistieren als unspezifisch entzündlich gedeutet werden. Bei Wiedervorstellung in der 34. Schwangerschaftswoche mit progredienter Hämoptoe sowie Schwindel erfolgt der Nachweis einer bis dahin nicht bekannten idiopathischen pulmonalen AV-Malformation, die eng interdisziplinär abgestimmt mit Bronchoskopie, Sectio caesarea, CT-Thorax und VATS/Minithorakotomie mit Segmentresektion notfallmäßig erfolgreich behandelt wird.
Zweite Umfrage zur Versorgungsstruktur der okulären Graft-versus-Host Disease in Deutschland
Authors: Faust Christiane , Dietrich-Ntoukas Tina , Steven Philipp
Published: May 2019

Hintergrund Bei der Graft-versus-Host Disease (GvHD) kommt es zu einer Abstoßung des Empfängerkörpers nach allogener Blutstammzelltransplantation (aBSZT). Hierbei werden akute von chronischen Formen unterschieden. Circa 40 – 80% der Patienten, bei denen eine chronische GvHD diagnostiziert wurde, entwickeln eine okuläre GvHD. Für diese ist es wichtig, einen einfachen Zugang zu multidisziplinärer Versorgung zu erhalten. Um Entwicklungen in den Versorgungsstrukturen zu erfragen, führten wir eine Umfrage durch.

Methoden Von der Arbeitsgruppe okuläre GvHD der Sektion Kornea wurde die „Umfrage zur okulären GvHD 2016“ erstellt und an alle Universitäts- und Schwerpunktkliniken in Deutschland versendet. Ausgewertet wurden die Antworten sowie Veränderungen zu einer Umfrage 2014, um so Rückschlüsse auf die Entwicklung der Versorgungsstrukturen zuzulassen. Neben den Fragen aus dem Jahr 2014 zur Anzahl von BSZT und Untersuchungshäufigkeit und -setting wurden Fragen zur Verordnung von Ciclosporin- und autologen Serumaugentropfen aufgenommen. Zudem wurde die Frage nach der Untersuchungshäufigkeit unterteilt, um diese auch bei Kindern zu erfassen.

Ergebnisse Von 30 antwortenden Kliniken hatten 22 auch an der 1. Umfrage teilgenommen. Den Angaben nach wurden im Jahr 2016 ca. 1860 aBSZT in den assoziierten Zentren der befragten Kliniken durchgeführt. Dies entspricht etwas mehr als der Hälfte der 2016 insgesamt transplantierten Patienten. Jährlich wurden zwischen 2 und 250 Patienten augenärztlich pro Klinik untersucht. Acht Kliniken bieten hierfür eine gesonderte Sprechstunde an. In fast allen der teilnehmenden Kliniken werden Ciclosporin-Augentropfen verordnet. Circa ⅔ der Krankenhäuser stellen autologe Serumaugentropfen her, 7 beziehen diese aus externen Quellen. Insgesamt wurden 2016 ca. 125 – 140 Kinder untersucht.

Schlussfolgerungen Aufgrund der schweren Verläufe der okulären GvHD mit gravierenden Beeinträchtigungen der Patienten und drohenden Erblindungen wäre der Ausbau von Spezialsprechstunden mit Bindung von Expertise in örtlicher Nähe zu jedem Transplantationszentrum zu empfehlen. Hier sind vor allem Augenärztinnen und Augenärzte gefragt, sich an der Versorgung zu beteiligen, um die Lebensqualität nach aBSZT zu verbessern. Zusammenfassend gehen wir weiterhin von einer Unterversorgung der okulären GvHD in Deutschland aus, wobei jedoch Anzeichen für eine Verbesserung der Situation bestehen.
Die nächtliche Atemfrequenz bei COPD-Patienten unterschiedlicher GOLD-Schweregrade mit/ohne Nikotinkonsum: Berechnet mittels Atemgeräuschanalyse
Authors: Schudt F. , Gross V. , Sohrabi K. , Fischer P. , Hofmann S. , Noeh C. , Hildebrandt O. , Koehler U.
Published: May 2019

Die Atemfrequenz ist ein wichtiger Risikomarker, mit dessen Hilfe kritisch kranke und gefährdete Patienten im klinischen Alltag frühzeitig erkannt werden können. Ziel dieser Pilotstudie an 31 Patienten der COPD-Schweregrade II – IV war es, die mittlere nächtliche Atemfrequenz anhand von Atemgeräuschaufnahmen zu bestimmen und die Abhängigkeit der Atemfrequenz von COPD-Schweregrad und Raucherstatus zu untersuchen. Die mittlere Atemfrequenz (AF) des Gesamtkollektivs betrug 19/min. Bei den COPD-GOLD-Schweregraden konnten keine signifikanten Unterschiede hinsichtlich der mittleren Atemfrequenz ermittelt werden. Unter Berücksichtigung des Nikotinkonsums zeigte sich bei den aktiven Rauchern eine signifikant höhere mittlere AF von 20,84 ± 4,45/min im Vergleich zu den Nichtrauchern mit 17,41 ± 3,14/min (p < 0,05). Zudem gehörten aktive Raucher in der Studie signifikant häufiger zur Gruppe der Patienten mit nächtlichem Wheezing (60 % vs. 23,8 %). Dies könnte dafür sprechen, dass Raucher eine erhöhte Atemarbeit mit erhöhter Atemfrequenz zur Kompensation des Sauerstoffmangels bei bronchialer Obstruktion leisten müssen. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Studie zeigen, dass mit der akustischen Aufzeichnung der Atemgeräusche eine verlässliche Darstellung und Berechnung der Atemfrequenz möglich ist.
Peri-/Postoperative antientzündliche Therapie im Rahmen von vitreoretinalen Eingriffen
Authors: Feltgen Nicolas , Agostini Hansjürgen , Lommatzsch Albrecht Peter , Schaub Friederike , Hoerauf Hans
Published: May 2019

Die perioperative Behandlung netzhautchirurgischer Eingriffe mit entzündungshemmenden Medikamenten ist für Augenärzte in Deutschland eine alltägliche Maßnahme. Trotzdem liegen erstaunlich wenige Daten vor, die eine Wirksamkeit nach vitreoretinaler Chirurgie untersuchen. Behandelt wird i. d. R. in Analogie zu Eingriffen am vorderen Augenabschnitt, für die wesentlich robustere Daten vorliegen. In diesem Beitrag sollen die relevanten klinischen Fragen beantwortet und soweit möglich, mit Studiendaten belegt werden.
Peri-/Postoperative antientzündliche Therapie nach Kataraktoperation und refraktiver Chirurgie
Authors: Lwowski Christoph Martin , de Robaulx Adonis Chedid , Kohnen Thomas
Published: May 2019

Die Kataraktoperation ist die häufigste Operation weltweit. Auch die refraktive Chirurgie erfreut sich steigender Beliebtheit. Obwohl die etablierten Eingriffe eine sehr niedrige Rate nicht infektiöser entzündlicher Komplikationen aufweisen, kann es zu postoperativen Veränderungen kommen. Relevant sind hier insbesondere das Makulaödem nach Kataraktchirurgie und die sterilen Entzündungen der Hornhaut nach refraktiver Hornhautchirurgie. Diese können durch eine Ingangsetzung von Entzündungskaskaden durch lokale Manipulation mit konsekutivem Einwandern von Entzündungszellen und entsprechender Reaktion des Gewebes entstehen. Aufgrund der hohen Anzahl an durchgeführten Eingriffen ist, trotz niedriger Inzidenz, eine hohe absolute Anzahl an Patienten von entsprechenden Veränderungen betroffen. Somit gilt es, durch entsprechende Anpassung der perioperativen Medikation, diese Inzidenz weiter zu reduzieren. Studien konnten zeigen, dass bei Kataraktoperationen sowohl das Risiko für ein postoperatives Makulaödem als auch für Schmerzen und Vorderkammerreiz bei Patienten mit perioperativer Applikation von nicht steroidalen Antirheumatika (NSAR) reduziert ist. Somit sollte eine perioperative Gabe von NSAR und Kortikosteroidtropfen erfolgen. Nach Hornhautchirurgie ist eine lokale Steroidtherapie zusätzlich empfohlen, da sie nach lamellärer refraktiver Hornhautchirurgie das Risiko für Hazebildung und tiefer lamellärer Keratitis (DLK) senkt.
Anesthetic Management of a Case of Coarctation of Aorta Taken Up for Intracranial Aneurysm Coiling
Authors: Paul Shamik , Bloria Summit D. , Bhagat Hemant , Luthra Ankur
Published: May 2019

We describe our experience of management of a young hypertensive male taken up for coiling of an unruptured intracranial aneurysm whom we diagnosed to be a case of coarctation of aorta during preanesthetic check-up. This diagnosis changed the treatment of the patient completely. We report this to emphasize the need to do a thorough preoperative check-up in every case. We also touch upon the important anesthetic considerations to be observed while managing such cases.
A Persistently High End-Tidal Carbon Dioxide Value: Can This Be Spurious?
Authors: Bindu Barkha , Singh Gyaninder P. , Jain Varun , Chaturvedi Arvind
Published: May 2019

End-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) monitoring has now become the standard of care not only during anesthesia but also in intensive care units for patients on mechanical ventilation, emergency department, and pre-hospital settings to confirm and monitor the correct placement of endotracheal tube. It is a non-invasive and continuous method of measuring exhaled carbon dioxide (CO2). Continuous waveform capnography measures EtCO2 and monitors ventilation. EtCO2 often correlates with partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2) and is a reliable indicator of PaCO2. A rise in EtCO2 often implies increased production of CO2 or decreased excretion (rebreathing, decrease ventilation) of CO2. We report an unusual case where the monitor malfunction per se lead to spuriously increased EtCO2 values without any clinical cause and did not correlate with PaCO2, thereby re-emphasizing that various monitors must always be interpreted in correlation with clinical observation.
Anesthetic Management of a Patient with Gilbert's Syndrome for Spine Surgery: A Case Report
Authors: Jena Bhagya R. , Khandelwal Ankur , Pandia Mihir P. , Singh Gyaninder P.
Published: May 2019

Gilbert's syndrome, a hereditary disorder characterized by mild unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, poses multiple anesthetic challenges during major surgery. Despite an indolent course, it can manifest with severe jaundice in the postoperative period. Anesthetic strategies should be based on thorough preoperative planning, minimizing fasting period, maintaining hepatic blood flow, avoiding hepatotoxic drugs, and reducing surgical duration, blood loss, and blood transfusion. We report the successful management of a case of Gilbert's syndrome for lumbar spine surgery along with a review of literature.
Autoimmune Encephalitis: An Unusual Presentation as Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus
Authors: Solanki Deepak , Anand Saurabh
Published: May 2019

When refractory status epilepticus (RSE) occurs in an individual without any history of epilepsy and no immediate underlying etiology is found, it is referred to as new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE). This clinical scenario may be notoriously difficult to treat and does not respond to initial medications. In cases of NORSE in which an etiology is found, antibody-mediated disorders are the most common cause. Autoimmune encephalitis refers to a diverse group of neuropsychiatric disorders and can present with an array of symptoms many of which make diagnosis difficult due to similarities in clinical, imaging, and laboratory findings with respect to other forms of autoimmune or infectious encephalitis. This case report highlights how a patient with acute-onset history, showing generalized periodic epileptiform discharges on electroencephalogram (EEG) but with no prior history of seizures, was eventually diagnosed as autoimmune encephalitis based on clinical findings, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reports, and EEG analysis.
The Unknown Cause of Pott’s Puffy Tumor – Importance of Early Diagnose
Authors: Pinheiro João Páscoa , Santos Eva , Rato Joana , Alexandrino Henrique , Costa Gonçalo
Published: May 2019

Pott’s puffy tumor (PPT) is characterized by swelling of the glabelar region and osteomyelitis of the frontal bone, owing to a subperiosteal pseudoinflammatory tumor responsible for the detachment of the pericranium from the outer table of the skull. Nowadays, the incidence of PPT is very low, so this entity is frequently underdiagnosed. The late treatment and identification of PPT are strongly associated with intracranial complications, which could jeopardize the life of the patient.

In the literature, PPT is described as a complication of frontal head trauma or of chronic sinusitis. There are a few cases reported in patients with frontal insect bites or in recreational nasal drug users, such as cocaine or methamphetamines.

In the present case report, the authors describe the case of a 40-year-old male who was submitted to a frontal sebaceous cyst surgery. In the postoperative period, he developed an infectious process compatible with PPT. After an extensive review of the literature, no similar cases were identified. Therefore, in the opinion of the authors, sebaceous cyst surgery should be included in the short list of risk factors for the development of PPT.
Identification and Analysis of Children Developmental Dysphasia Factors in Karawang
Authors: Sudarjat Hadi , Sholih Mally , Kasasiah Ahsanal
Published: May 2019

Some children fail to develop language skills for obvious reasons. The inability is usually seen due to difficulties in producing and understanding spoken language, lack of intelligence, or other developmental disorders. This usually causes difficulties in reading and writing; in many cases, language difficulties continue until adolescence. This research was conducted from May to June 2018 at Dewi Sri Karawang Hospital and in the Karawang community. This study aims to determine the correlation between factors such as family history, child's gender, febrile seizures, exposure to TV/gadget, and mother's occupation, with children developmental dysphasia in Karawang. This study uses an analytical survey method with a cross-sectional approach. Data retrieval was performed by interviewing parents of pediatric patients diagnosed with dysphasia as the case group and parents of children in the Karawang area as the control group. The data obtained were processed using the multivariate regression statistical method. The results showed that heat seizures, excessive multimedia exposure (more than 1 hour per day), and identified hereditary causes were significant risk factors for dysphasia in children aged 1 to 6 years in Karawang, with p-values less than 0.05.
Fetal Outcomes with Detoxification from Opioid Drugs during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Towers Craig V. , Terry Paul , Rackley Breanne , Hennessy Mark , Visconti Kevin
Published: May 2019

Objective This study aimed to perform a systematic review of all studies reporting fetal outcomes following detoxification or tapering of opioid drugs during pregnancy.

Study Design PubMed, Scopus, Medline, and Google Scholar were searched, and only manuscripts clearly reporting pregnancy/fetal outcomes involving tapering or detoxification from opioid drugs were included. Only pregnancies managed after 1980 were included (when antenatal fetal surveillance became more routine). Collected data included study design, location, years patients were managed, number of patients who were tapered or detoxified, method of tapering, and pregnancy outcome.

Results A total of 14 publications met the criteria for review after evaluating more than 2,000 abstracts and 153 published manuscripts. In 1,097 pregnancies, based on mortality rate analyses and forest plots, no increased fetal risks due to tapering or detoxification from opioid drugs were identified. No increased risk of preterm delivery was found.

Conclusion Pregnant women with opioid use disorder who are stable in a medication-assisted treatment program with behavioral health can be informed that tapering or full detoxification from opioid drugs does not increase the fetal risk of poor pregnancy outcome. Future research needs to answer the questions on maternal and long-term newborn consequences of tapering or detoxification versus long-term newborn consequences of continued chronic in utero opioid exposure.
Non-monotonic viscous dissipation of bouncing droplets undergoing off-center collision
Authors: He Chengming , Xia Xi , Zhang Peng
Published: May 2019

The off-center collision of binary bouncing droplets of equal size was studied numerically by a volume-of-fluid method with two marker functions, which has been justified and validated by comparing with available experimental results. A nonmonotonic kinetic energy (KE) recovery with varying impact parameters was discovered. This can be explained by the prolonged entanglement time and the enhanced internal-flow-induced viscous dissipation for bouncing droplets at intermediate impact parameters, compared with those at smaller or larger impact parameters. The distribution of the local viscous dissipation rate (VDR) in the droplet interior shows two major concentration areas, and the competition between these two concentration areas accounts for the nonmonotonic viscous dissipation with varying impact parameters. The nonmonotonic KE recovery with varying impact parameters can also be attributed to the competition between the VDR induced by normal strains and shear strains. The nonmonotonicity was further numerically verified for wider ranges of parameters, and a practically useful formula was proposed to correlate the KE dissipation factor with the impact parameter for various Weber numbers and Ohnesorge numbers.
Numerical analysis of Williamson fluid flow along an exponentially stretching cylinder
Authors: Iqbal W. , Naeem M. N. , Jalil M.
Published: May 2019

The present paper presents a mathematical probe for incompressible steady two-dimensional flow of Williamson fluid along an exponentially stretching cylinder. Derived PDEs for this work are changed into ODEs by adopting right transformations. Then numerical procedure is carried out by Shooting Technique in accordance with the RK-Method of order six. The influence of the Reynold’s number and Weissenberg’s numbers on the velocity profile is analyzed, and the variation in skin friction coefficient is explored. The results are elaborated upon through graphs and tables. The validity of the results is presented by comparing them with the previous works.
Hydrodynamics of a weakly curved channel
Authors: Ali Sk Zeeshan , Dey Subhasish
Published: May 2019

The underlying mechanism of curvature induced helicoidal flow in a weakly curved channel intrigues researchers. Here, we explore the hydrodynamics of weakly curved channels, defined by the limiting values of the curvature ratio (ratio of channel half-width to radius of curvature) and aspect ratio (ratio of channel half-width to average flow depth) as 0.1 and 10, respectively. The three-dimensional continuity and momentum equations are solved analytically, involving the appropriate boundary conditions and closing the system by means of the turbulence closure model and the indispensable fluid constitutive formulations. The skewed filament of the azimuthal velocity component, emanating from the effects of curvilinear streamlines, is introduced into the analysis, for the first time, to address the flow asymmetry across the flow cross section. The modification of the radial slope due to the presence of the stress term in the radial momentum balance is accomplished by a slope correction factor, which turns out to be a weak function of the reciprocal of the power-law exponent. The attenuation of the azimuthal shear stress component, resulting from the skewed velocity profile, is characterized by the damping function to provide a quantitative insight into the redistribution of the primary flow momentum. The velocity field reveals that the flow circulation (on the flow cross-sectional plane) about the azimuthal axis and the flow helicity strengthen with an increase in the curvature ratio. The variation of the radial free surface profile is more sensitive to the flow Froude number than to the curvature ratio. The evolutions of the stress field with several key parameters are also examined.
Addition of chitosan oligomers to improve bread texture
Authors: Hastarini E , Ayudiarti D L
Published: May 2019

This study aimed to characterize the bread products that was given additional chitosan oligomer from crustacean (shrimp) waste. The making of bread with the addition of chitosan oligomer was carried out with concentration treatment (0, 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%) and the test parameters were chemical, physical (functional groups of chitosan oligomers, hardness with texture profile analyzer, and appearance of bread texture improvement using SEM tools) and sensory (hedonic). The results of chemical content of white bread showed that of moisture content ranged from 28.50% to 31.48%, protein content of 8.75%-10.85%, fat content of 5.87%-7.6% and carbohydrate (by different) of 48.77% to 56.88%. Analysis of hydroxyl groups in chitosan oligomers using FTIR displayed an absorption at a wavelength of 1437.7 cm−1. Based on the results of hardness testing, the greater the concentration of chitosan oligomer added, the lower the hardness value of the resulting bread would be, making the texture softer. The results of SEM analysis showed that the addition of chitosan oligomer expanded more perfectly, especially in the addition of chitosan oligomer treatment by 0.3%. The overall hedonic test results on the bread gave insight that the addition of chitosan oligomer treatment by 0.3% was the most preferred.
Different species, life form, and complexity of dead coral head affect the species diversity and density of decapods
Authors: Madduppa H H , Santoso P , Subhan B , Anggoro A W , Cahyani N K D , Arafat D
Published: May 2019

High proportion of dead coral in coral reefs ecosystem are inhabited by a wide variety of associated organisms such as crustacean as a place to live. However, lack of study on the functional of dead corals in high diversity such Indonesian coral reefs. This study aimed to investigate the diversity and density of inhabitant decapod species from two different dead corals with different life form and complexity (Pocillopora verrucosa and Seriatopora histrix). A total of 235 individuals consisting of 7 families, 11 genera and 35 species was observed in P. verrucosa. While in S. histrix, a total of 74 individuals consisting of 5 families, 6 genera and 11 species were recorded. Index of diversity (H’) on dead coral P. verrucosa for decapods was higher than on S. histrix. Evenness index (E) in both types of dead coral was relatively steady. The domination index (D) for S. histrix was significantly higher than on P. verrucosa. The species density on P. verucosa was significantly higher (25 ± 11.34 ind/L) than on S. histrix (8 ±1.9 ind/L). This study is explaining the complexity of life form on the dead coral seems potentially inhabited by more and diverse decapods.
Ocean current signals propagation along the Outer Banda Arcs
Authors: Masoleh V C , Atmadipoera A S , Purba M
Published: May 2019

Equatorial Pacific Rossby waves may enter into the interior of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF)’s eastern pathway, such as along the Outer Banda Arcs (OBA). This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of the ITF along the OBA channel from Ceram Sea to Aru Basin to Western Timor Passage. This is necessary because it can provide information about the physical oceanographic conditions, especially the dynamics of the current in the study area. Based on the Hovmoller diagram, a propagation of the signal from kinetic energy was found along the OBA which its phase speed theoretically appears to be trapped in Rossby waves, because of the similarity of the speed phase. The normal mode analysis shows that the oscillation in Ceram Sea, Aru Basin, and Timor Passage has the same pattern based on the potential density and Brunt-Vaisala frequency profiles. The transport’s coherence between Indo-Pacific meridional winds and transport volume in Aru Basin shows a strong coherence value (0.94) which is dominated by an annual variability with a period of 341 days. The results suggest that zonal winds along the equator Pacific Ocean act as a remotely forced Rossby waves that propagate westward, entering the interior of Indonesian Seas.
Influence of salt addition and freezing-thawing on particle size and zeta potential of nano-chitosan
Authors: Nugraheni P S , Soeriyadi A H , Sediawan W B , Ustadi  , Budhijanto W
Published: May 2019

Antibacterial properties of nano-chitosan used for fish preservation would achieve optimum effect when combined with cooling. Applying nano-chitosan incorporated in ice can reduce the cooling cost of conventional fish industry. On the other hand, during fish handling, nano-chitosan has a high probability to be contaminated by salt in seawater. This study was aimed to test the effect of salt and freezing-thawing on nano-chitosan antibacterial activity. Nano-chitosan was prepared using ionic gelation and polyelectrolyte complex methods. NaCl (3%m/v) was added into nano-chitosan solutions to evaluate the effect of salt. Chitosan solution in diluted acetic acid was also tested as blank. The effect of freezing was undertaken by placing nano-chitosan and chitosan solution in the freezer until the solutions were completely frozen and then thawing the frozen solution in ambient temperature. The addition of salt not only reduced the particle size but also reduced zeta potential due to the possible neutralization. It also might reduce its antibacterial activity. Freezing effect increased particle size because low temperature triggered particle agglomeration but it did not show any changes in zeta potential. The result of this preliminary study indicated that nano-chitosan ice would give more benefit as fish preservative compared to plain ice.
Characterization of Trimethylamin-N-Oxide Demethylase (TMAOase) of Lizardfish from Indonesian Waters
Authors: Nurhayati T , Nurilmala M , Nuraini A
Published: May 2019

Formation of formaldehyde in fish can occur naturally through the breakdown of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) become formaldehyde and the dimethylamine by-product in the fish during the postmortem phase by trimethylamine-N-oxide demethylase (TMAOase). The objective of this study was to characterize TMAOase which isolated from Saurida tumbil. The study was carried out by homogenizing of fish muscle using Tris-acetate buffer (pH 7.0) and centrifuged 10,000xg for 30 minutes. The supernatant was then added 1 M NaCl up to pH 4.5 and centrifuged at again. The supernatant was neutralized and heated at 80°C for 20 minutes, then centrifuged at 10,000xg for 30 minutes and then characterized by temperature, pH, cofactor effect on enzyme activity, and molecular weight. The same supernatant and then was dialyzed for 2 hours and determined its enzyme activity, protein concentration, and molecular weight. The result showed that TMAOase enzyme had optimum activity at pH 7 and temperature at 50°C and cofactor combination of cysteine, ascorbate, and FeCl2 could increase TMAOase activity. The dialysate had yield 3.71%, 1.78 fold purification, and molecular weight 20 kDa.
The elasticity of mangrove ecosystem services in the Jor Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Nurokhmah I , Adrianto L , Sjafrie N D M
Published: May 2019

The mangrove ecosystem in Jor Bay is described as a socio-ecological system that has a multi-puidrose function and is related to ecosystem services. The concept of ecosystem services is based on the relationship between ecosystem quality and human well-being. But this relationship is complicated and we have a poor understanding of how the quality of mangrove ecosystems can affect human well-being, and how human well-being changes in response to increase or decline in ecosystem change. Therefore, an elasticity analysis is conducted to determine that linkage mechanism and simplify the complexities and context dependency of the ecosystem quality and human well-being relationship. The study was conducted in April-May 2018 in Jor Bay, East Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. The approach that was used in this research is an Elasticity Model. The results obtained are ecosystem services that are most widely used in Jor Bay, especially in non-direct extraction use. The general condition of ecosystem services in Teluk Jor is still in a suidrlus condition (using a capacity matrix, demand matrix and supply matrix). After mapping out the elasticity, it was found that the mangrove ecosystem in Jor Bay has a high positive elasticity.
Trophic structure of reef fishes and relationship of corallivore fishes with hard coral in Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta
Authors: Prabowo B , Fahlevy K , Putra N F D , Rizqydiani M , Rahman B M K , Habibie A , Subhan B , Madduppa H
Published: May 2019

Corallivore became one of the biotic components that relate with coral coverage. The objective of this study was to determine the trophic structure of reef fishes, as well as the relationship between corallivores and hard corals in the northern part of Kepulauan Seribu. Reef fish species and benthic coverage were assessed using underwater visual census (UVCs) and Line Intercept Transect (LIT). The results showed that there were 120 reef fish species belonging to 7 trophic groups and 19 families. Pomacentridae and Labridae are the most abundant fish families. Based on reef fish components, Sepa Besar reef fish characteristics were dissimilar than the other sites. The highest coral cover was found in Pelangi Island, which related with the high abundance of corallivores. An abundance of corallivore groups showed a positive correlation (R2 = 0.7786) with hard coral cover. The abundance and diversity of reef fish were affected by the availability and variety of food. Our study shows that coral covers affect the abundance of corallivore fishes. Variability and existence of food for reef fishes are really important for resort priprietors to be aware of especially for those who manage diving and snorkeling activities.
The impact of coastal degradation on mangrove ecosystem in North Karawang coastal area
Authors: Pranoto A K , Haryani E B S , Amdani  , Tanjung A
Published: May 2019

Coastal degradation can be observed as destruction of mangrove area. The impact of mangrove destruction is evidenced by a significantly eroded area. Further impacts included lessened biodiversity, especially in the mangrove ecosystem. This study aimed to determine the impact of coastal damage to the mangrove ecosystem in Karawang coastal areas. The mangrove degradation was identified from changes in mangrove covered area by utilizing data from several Landsat TM satellite imagery and ground check equipped with GPS and Google Earth applications. Data from the inventory of mangrove area issued by the Perhutani of KPH Purwakarta 2017 were also used as supplement in determining the extent of destruction. From satellite imagery, the mangrove area in 2017 was 258 hectares. This area was only approximately 3% of the total area of mangrove protected areas assigned by the Regency Spatial Plan. Compared to the condition in 2009, the coastal destruction was significant. The worst mangrove degradation occurred in the sub-districts of Cibuaya, Tempuran, and Cilamaya Wetan. The coastal communities were aware of the problem. They understood that this problem was caused by coastal abrasion and land use change, wild catch, milkfish and shrimp aquaculture, salt ponds, rice farms, and tourism.
Protein profiles and DNA isolation of hemolymph gonggong snail (Strombus sp.) from Bintan
Authors: Viruly L , Andarwulan N , Suhartono M T , Nurilmala M
Published: May 2019

Gonggong snail is one of the famous and highly-priced local seafood in Bintan Island, Riau Islands Province. It is an icon of Tanjung Pinang city. Until now, general research on Bintan gonggong snail is scarce, even if it has the potential to be used for aquaculture, functional food ingredient, and medicine. Research of bioactive peptides are mostly performed using the group of molluscs (gastropods). The research on protein profiles and DNA isolation has never been studied in hemolymph Bintan gonggong snail. This research was aimed to identify protein profiles and DNA isolation in hemolymph Bintan gonggong snail (Strombus sp). Protein profiling used SDS-PAGE. DNA isolation used Qiagen DNeasy methods, while PCR used primer histon H2A. Identification on protein profiles displayed that thin-shelled and thick-shelled gonggong snails had a similiarity value of 37 kDa, whereas the other protein profiles were different. The types of protein of Bintan gonggong snails were predicted to be histone proteins. The DNA of hemolymph Bintan gonggong snails had a similiarity value of 75 bp fragment histon. It is predicted as protein histon H2A and will be developed potentially as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs).
Growth performance of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei fed with Various dosages of prebiotic honey
Authors: Widanarni  , Putri F N , Rahman
Published: May 2019

The intensive culture system of white shrimp with high stocking density leads to slow shrimp growth performance. An alternative way to increase the growth performance of white shrimp is using a prebiotic. This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of honey as a prebiotic through commercial feed to improve the growth performance of white shrimp. The white shrimp were reared with comercial feed that have been enriched with honey. This study consisted of four treatments, which were: control (without prebiotic), and the giving of honey at dosages of (A) 0.2%; (B) 0.4%; (C) 0.6%, each treatment with three replications. The average weight of vaname shrimp used was 0.44±0.11 g, maintained with a density of 270 shrimp/m-3 with an aquarium size of (60×30×30 cm3). The results of this study indicate that honey with a dosage of 0.6% results in the best growth performance with a growth rate of 0.14±0.002 g/day, specific growth rate of 4.70±0.02%/day, and feed conversion ratio of 1.53±0.02.
Copyright
Authors: Treiger-Bar-Am Kim
Published: May 2019

Copyright gives an author control over the presentation of her work. Economic rights afford control over copies, and the noneconomic rights known as moral rights afford control over changes. An author’s moral rights remain with her even after she sells her economic rights in copyright. The excessive control that copyright offers to copyright owners may be limited by cementing these authorial rights, for all authors.

Some elements of copyright law allow the meaning of a work as perceived by its audience to develop and evolve. The strengthening of that support by extending rights to the public will further restrict copyright’s excesses.
Lesbian Poetics
Authors: Roof Judith
Published: May 2019

Inspired by women’s emotional and sexual desires, lesbian poetics offers a passionate and lyrical tradition of prose, poetry, experimental literatures, and critical analysis that both celebrate women’s relationships to women and consider the patriarchal, heteronormative pressures that have silenced lesbian art and expression in dominant cultures. As an aesthetics addressed to women by women, lesbian poetics combines art and politics as an aesthetic practice that expresses fervor, devotion, passion, resentment, and a sense of pushing back against oppressive institutions. Emerging during the second wave of feminist activism in the 1960s and 1970s, the work of such writers as Rita Mae Brown, Monique Wittig, Adrienne Rich, Audre Lorde, Nicole Brossard, Judy Grahn, Dionne Brand, Olga Broumas and others linked a specifically lesbian aesthetics of cultural critique simultaneously to the investments of the women’s movement and to a more overt declaration of the presence and power of lesbian desire. Inheriting a tradition of modernist lesbian expression from such writers as Natalie Barney, Virginia Woolf, Gertrude Stein, Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette, Djuna Barnes, Radclyffe Hall, and Violette Leduc, the lesbian writers from the latter part of the twentieth century more openly celebrated a specifically lesbian set of aesthetic and cultural concerns, extolling lesbian existence and developing modes of narrative, poetics, and criticism that combined lyricism, a consciousness of struggle, and an expansion of the possibilities of literary forms as a means for proclaiming lesbian intensity and liberation. Ever mindful of both the women’s community and the pleasures of broad connection, lesbian poetics avoided iterating the limiting binaries that sustained heteronormative ways of thinking, offering instead multiplicity, diversity, and a variety of new ways of thinking and expressing the ardent, erotic, and communal relations among women.
Late 19th-Century Latina/o Letters: A Heterogeneous Archive
Authors: Huizar-Hernández Anita
Published: May 2019

Though the 19th century witnessed the creation of new nations throughout the Americas, late-19th-century Latina/o writing in many respects defies national borders and boundaries. From exiles and immigrants to conquered populations living within the ever-expanding reach of the United States, Latinas/os in the latter part of the century often invoked a transnational and hemispheric perspective in their writing that reflected the border-crossing scope of their experience.

From New Orleans to New York to New Mexico, late-19th-century Latina/o writing comprises a heterogeneous archive that is geographically, linguistically, politically, and culturally diverse. Though many texts continued to be written in Spanish, some texts in English began to emerge. The authors of these texts came from a wide variety of racial and class backgrounds, in some cases pursuing cross-racial and cross-class alliances via their writings while in other cases defending their claims to an upper-class white racial identity. Despite this diversity, by the end of the century Latina/o writers of all backgrounds were increasingly subject to marginalization as racialized others within mainstream US society.

Many Latina/o texts from this period have been recovered from archives, edited, and republished for contemporary audiences. Scholars of this literature are necessarily involved in the recovery of texts that have been overlooked in private, regional, university, and national archives throughout the Americas. The deep fragmentation of this body of work speaks to the border-crossing nature of late-19th-century Latina/o writing, as well as to the dynamism of a field whose objects of study are constantly expanding and consequently shifting the terrain of what such writing might mean.
Defining and Exploring Asian American Speculative Fiction
Authors: Sohn Stephen Hong
Published: May 2019

Asian American speculative fiction is an admittedly unwieldy literary category. This body of literature includes such diverse works as Karen Tei Yamashita’s Tropic of Orange, Wesley Chu’s Time Salvager, and S.P. Somtow’s Darker Angels. Central to analyzing such works is identifying their key genre conventions, which primarily involve reality-defying elements or tropes employed in fictional worlds. Chu’s Time Salvager, for instance, envisions a future temporality in which individuals can use time travel technologies. Three generic figures common in Asian American speculative fiction—the ghost, the vampire, and the cyborg, respectively—are depicted in Lan Samantha Chang’s Hunger, Julie Kagawa’s The Immortal Rules, and Ken Liu’s “The Regular.” Crucial to understanding Asian American speculative fiction is the need to scrutinize the manner by which the protagonists of these fictions attain incredible power through supernatural abilities. The influence these characters hold also comes with the burden of responsibility, leaving them to wrestle with ambivalence and moral choices to protect or to harm, to recognize or to dismiss. In this sense, Asian American speculative fiction can be fruitfully analyzed through the social justice paradigms that have long dominated critical and scholarly conversations.
The Intersections of Latina/o and Asian American Literature
Authors: Thananopavarn Susan
Published: May 2019

Latina/os and Asian Americans have lived in what is now the United States for hundreds of years, yet they are often considered foreign in the national imaginary. Legally, through acts excluding Latina/os and Asians from citizenship, and socially, through targeted anti-immigration rhetoric, both groups have been racialized in the United States as outsiders. This form of racial discrimination, also called “nativistic racism,” forms the basis of several intersections of Latina/o and Asian American literature. Latina/o and Asian American literary works counter nativistic racism by emphasizing multiracial histories within the United States, by drawing attention to racial injustices, and by employing tropes of loyalty and betrayal to highlight the selective ways that the United States has defined citizenship and belonging along racial lines. Latina/o and Asian American texts may also recognize the US military interventions that brought Asians and Latin Americans to the United States as (post)colonial subjects, Cold War allies, and refugees. Some of these texts counter national narratives such as American exceptionalism and Cold War bilateralism; others protest the erasure of military actions overseas from dominant histories of the United States. In addition to suggesting comparative intersections, Latina/o and Asian American literatures also depict literal interactions when Latina/o characters feature prominently in Asian American texts and vice versa. Literature set in California and other areas with high Asian American and Latina/o populations portrays both the significant contact and common political interests between Latina/os and Asian Americans. This long history of contact appears in early texts that center on Asian American and Latina/o farmworkers; it continues in more recent literature featuring Latina/o and Asian American friendships, partnerships, and rivalries. Some Filipino texts emphasize cultural commonalities with Mexican Americans, including Spanish-language surnames and Catholicism. A final intersection of Latina/o and Asian American literature occurs in texts by authors who are both Asian and Latina/o, including Peruvians, Cubans, Mexicans, and other Latin Americans of Asian descent. Written in both English and Spanish, this literature draws attention to the transpacific connections between Asia and the Americas. While it is crucial to acknowledge the historical particularities of Latina/o and Asian American literature, as well as the diversity within each of these groups, recognizing the ways in which these literatures intersect is important to understanding cross-racial alliances of the past and potential solidarities for the future.