bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A study of translation adaptation in the outward translation of Chinese literature
Authors: Shizhang Yang
Published: February 2024

In recent years, Chinese translatology has put forward a new issue in the general theory of translation, translation adaptation. This paper, using the case study method, takes the novel “Bronze and Sunflower” by Cao Wenxuan, and its Russian translation as an example to reveal that the Chinese original undergoes translation adaptation at the genre level, language organization level, cultural level, pragmatic level and aesthetic level. This not only verifies the universality of translation adaptation once again, but also provides an example analysis for the effective translation of Chinese literature into Russian, which has important reference significance for the translation of Chinese literature into other foreign languages.
What phonetics has to say about Neanderthal (H. Neanderthalensis) speech capacities
Authors: Ekström Axel G. , Moran Steven
Published: February 2024

Neanderthals likely possessed some form of language, though it is uncertain whether their vocal anatomy allowed for the full range of modern human speech sounds. We synthesize literature on estimating Neanderthal speech capabilities and conclude that evidence supports the view that Neanderthals had restricted articulatory capacities compared to modern humans due to the shapes of their vocal tracts. To date, only two estimates of Neanderthal vocal tracts remain unrefuted – and both support the view that Neanderthals were limited with regards to the range of available speech sounds.
Spontaneous movement synchrony as an exogenous source for interbrain synchronization in cooperative learning
Authors: Yuanyuan Li , suchang  , Pan Yafeng
Published: February 2024

Learning through cooperation with conspecifics – “cooperative learning” – is critical to cultural evolution and survival. Recent progress has established that interbrain synchronization between individuals predicts success in cooperative learning. However, the likely sources of IBS during learning interactions remain poorly understood. To address this dearth of knowledge, we tested whether movement synchrony serves as an exogenous factor that drives interbrain synchronization, taking an embodiment perspective. We formed dyads of individuals with varying levels of prior knowledge (high-high [HH], high-low [HL], low-low [LL] dyads) and instructed them to collaboratively analyze an ancient Chinese poem. During the task, we simultaneously recorded their brain activity using functional near-infrared spectroscopy and filmed the entire experiment to parse interpersonal movement synchrony using the computer-vision Motion Energy Analysis. Interestingly, the homogeneous groups (HH and/or LL) exhibited stronger movement synchrony and interbrain synchronization compared to the heterogeneous group. Importantly, a mediation analysis revealed that spontaneous and synchronized body movements between individuals contribute to interbrain synchronization, hence facilitating learning. This study therefore fills a critical gap in our understanding of how interpersonal transmission of information between individual brains, associated with behavioral entrainment, shapes social learning.
Signaling Commitment via Insincere Conformity: A New Take on the Persistence of Unpopular Norms
Authors: Kim Minjae
Published: February 2024

I develop and test a theory to address instances of “visibly unpopular” norms—norms that are widely seen as neither collectively optimal nor enjoyable to conform with. Based on 76 interviews with Korean professionals engaging with a norm pertaining to excessive drinking at after-hours business gatherings (hoesik)—widely recognized as undesirable and disapproved of by both individuals and groups—I find that conformity serves as an effective signal of commitment to exchange partners not despite but precisely because of the conformist’s visible aversion. Thus, insofar as typical conformity with visibly unpopular norms appears “insincere,” conformity may continue. Vignette experiments further validate such insincere conformity’s signaling value. The implication is that despite the prevailing notion that norms persist because they promote collectively optimal solutions or are perceived as such, norms widely acknowledged as individually and collectively suboptimal may still endure.
Error Estimates in the Maximum Norm for the Solution of Poisson’s Equation Approximated by the Five-Point Laplacian Using the Discrete Maximum Principle
Authors: Basnet Ganesh Bahadur , Poudel Madhav Prasad , Paudel Resham Prasad
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we study error estimates in the maximum norm in the context of solving Poisson’s equation numerically when approximated the Five-Point Laplacian method using the discrete maximum principle. The primary objective is to assess the accuracy of this numerical approach in solving Poisson’s equation and to provide insights into the behavior of error estimates. We focus on the estimates of maximum norm of the discrete functions defined on a grid in a unit square as well as in a square of side s, and estimate errors measured in the maximum norm.
A Comprehensive Study of Fractional-Order Derivative and Their Interplay with Basic Functions
Authors: Pandey Hem Raj , Phaijoo Ganga Ram , Gurung Dil Bahadur
Published: February 2024

Fractional calculus from the nineteenth century to date has gained considerable attention due to its versatile applications in various scientific and engineering domains. This work examines the complex relationship between fractional-order derivative and basic functions, unraveling the profound interplay between mathematics and simulation. In this study, we illustrate the Mittag-Leffler function, Grunwald-Letnikov’s, Riemann-Liouville’s, and Caputo’s fractional derivative and integral are presented with examples of basic functions and their graphical presentations. The purpose of this study is to examine the features of fractional derivatives from the perspective of researchers’ motivations and interests.
Genotypic Variation in Physico-Chemical Properties of Avocado at Dailekh
Authors: Luitel Binod Prasad
Published: February 2024

This study was conducted to analyze the physical and chemical properties of the fruits in 16 avocado genotypes in 2020. Fruits were harvested at physiological maturity stage from seed propagated plants and analyzed their physical (fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, pulp weight, pulp/fruit ratio, and seed/fruit ratio) and chemical properties (moisture content, reducing sugar, total soluble solids, crude protein, total ash, phosphorous, iron, calcium, crude fat and crude fiber). The analysis of one-way variance of the data revealed highly significant variation in physico-chemical properties among avocado genotypes. Genotypes HRSDAV05, HRSDAV07, HRSDAV06 and HRDAV03 displayed the lowest seed/fruit ratio of 10.0, 13.5, 14.6 and 16.8%, respectively. Total soluble solid (TSS) content was the highest in HRSDAV08 (6.7 °Brix), HRSDAV03 (6.0 °Brix), HRSDAV07 (6.0 °Brix) and HRSDAV012 (6.0 °Brix). Crude protein was the highest in HRSDAV07 (19.2%), HRSDAV09 (17.8%) and HRSDAV014 (17.4%). HRSDAV03 and HRSDAV012 had the highest total ash content of 6.4% and 5.1%, respectively. Phosphorus content was the highest in HRSDAV03 (235.2 mg/100 g), but iron content was the highest in HRSDAV07 (2.5 mg/100 g). Crude fat and crude fiber were the highest in HRSDAV013 (63.0%) and HRSDAV03 (48.4%), respectively. The analysis of physico-chemical characters of avocado fruits identified HRSDAV03, HRSDAV05, HRSDAV06, HRSDAV07, HRSDAV08, HRSDAV09 and HRSDAV013 as potential parental genotypes for developing new cultivars.
SQL Optimization in Oracle using Hybrid Genetic and Ant Colony Algorithm
Authors: Kusi Rajan , Sinkemana Kabir Kumar , Pandey Sanjeeb Prasad , Joshi Shashidhar Ram
Published: February 2024

In this paper, the input user Structured Query Language (SQL) query is converted into an optimized SQL query using a hybrid algorithm. The main aim is to reduce query execution time using PHP language and oracle database. These performance has been evaluated using different performance metrics: Cost of individuals, Query execution time. The hybrid algorithm method combines the evolutionary effect of the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and the cooperative effect of Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). A GA with a great global converging rate aims to produce an initial optimum for allocating initial pheromones of ACO. An ACO with great parallelism and effective feedback is then served to obtain the optimal solution. A fused algorithm of a GA and ACO to solve SQL optimization problems is an innovative solution that presents a clear methodological contribution to the optimization algorithm. In the simulation result, we found the algorithm of a GA and ACO to solve SQL optimization problems in Oracle. It is an innovative solution that presents a clear methodological contribution to the optimization algorithm.
Recent Trends of Mean Maximum and Minimum Air Temperatures in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Mizanur , Imam Hasan , Roy Sabuj , Hoque Farhana , Ahsan Urmee , Abdullah Abubakar
Published: February 2024

The annual, seasonal, and monthly maximum and minimum air temperature time series for 34 stations in Bangladesh have been examined during the period 1981– 2020 in this study. Three statistical tests were used in the analysis namely Mann–Kendall, Sen’s slope estimator, and linear regression, respectively. 47% of stations experienced significantly rising maximum air temperature trends during the pre-monsoon, 100% during the monsoon, 74% during the post-monsoon, and 24% during the winter season, respectively. Similar findings have been made about minimum air temperatures during the pre-monsoon, monsoon, post-monsoon, and winter seasons in 41, 91, 41, and 35% of stations over Bangladesh. According to the linear regression technique, the significant increasing trends of the maximum air temperatures at Patuakhali and Mongla stations are 0.83°C/decade and 0.82°C/decade in February and October, respectively. Furthermore, at Sandwip and M. Court, the significant increasing minimum air temperature trends in July and March are 0.26°C/decade and 0.66°C/decade, respectively. The highest monthly maximum and minimum air temperature time series value falls (decreases) were seen in January over the stations at Mongla (-0.58°C/decade) and Sandwip (-0.63°C/decade), respectively. This information will be useful in developing adaptation plans to mitigate the harmful effects of climate change. Vulnerability assessments, disaster management, enhanced structure design, institutional reform, and antiextreme climate engineering are some of the viable climate change adaptation approaches in Bangladesh due to rising temperatures.
Quantification of Heavy Metal Deposition in Lichen Species of Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Maharjan Salin , Sundas Roshan , Baniya Chitra Bahadur , Basnet Buddha Bahadur , Munankarmi Nabin Narayan
Published: February 2024

Heavy metal pollution in urban areas is the major concern of every rapidly growing nation. The main aim of this study was to determine the heavy metal concentration around Kathmandu valley using locally growing lichens species. The study was conducted by random sample collection method throughout Kathmandu, at the interval of 2km considering Tri- Chandra College as reference point in four geographical directions based on radial distribution pattern. In this study, we quantified Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), and Chromium (Cr) in Pyxine cocoes, Arthopyrenia sp, Caloplaca sp, and Hypotrachya revolute collected from Kathmandu valley. The samples were subjected to Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) for heavy metal determination. High concentrations of heavy metals were detected in areas that experience a high influx of vehicles like the Swayambhu area, Pepsicola area, and Lagankhel area. The areas further away from heavy traffic roads showed a significantly low amount of heavy metal concentration. The study provides an insight into the current state of heavy metals in Kathmandu valley, which in high concentration can be detrimental to the health of living organisms.
Study of Structural Properties of Solar Energy Material CH3 NH3 PbX3 (X= I, Br and Cl) Perovskites and its Mixed Halides Using Density Functional Theory
Authors: Sharma Sachin , Kaushik Sanjay Prakash , Thakur Ram-Krishna , Shukla Vivek Kumar
Published: February 2024

The present study has explored the electronic properties of Organic-inorganic mixed halide-based perovskites using density functional theory. The Quantum Espresso simulation package with PBE parameterization within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) has been used in this work. The findings reveal that the addition of halogens (bromide and chlorine) to compound CH3NH3PbI3 for all the possible substituted halides may cause the shifting of energy bands in the band structure and thus change the bandgap. Hence, this calculation may be used to design perovskite solar cell material with varied electronic structure.
IoT Based ECG Using AD8232 and ESP32
Authors: Bhattarai Choodamani , Yadav Siddhartha Kumar , Koirala Subash
Published: February 2024

Good qualities ECG are utilized by physicians for interpretation and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. The rural hospitals of Nepal lack necessary equipment and need modern medical devices. This article is about an IoT-based ECG device in which AD8232 is used for the ECG signal acquisition, MATLAB for filtering and ESP32 for processing and communicating with the Internet.
Exploring the Implementation of Good Governance in Community School: A Case Study
Authors: Gairhe Govinda Prasad
Published: February 2024

This study examines the implementation of good governance practices in Shree Shitaladevi Secondary School, Pokhara 11 of Kaski District, Nepal. It utilizes a case study design of a qualitative approach. Data collected through semi-structured interview with school head teacher, teachers, students and representatives of SMC as well as PTA and a focus group discussion with the representatives of school stakeholders has explored related themes to good governance such as openness and transparency, accountability, independence, integrity, and school effectiveness. The findings reveal positive practices including information sharing with stakeholders, transparent teacher recruitment processes, and financial accountability. Although students’ participation in policy-making is limited, it has highlighted the involvement of parents, teachers, and students in decision-making. The study emphasizes the importance of good governance in ensuring quality education and identifies areas for further improvement. Overall, this research contributes to the understanding of governance in community schools and provides valuable insights for policymakers and educators striving for better educational systems. This study has suggested a comprehensive research based on community schools of Nepal to explore the governance mechanisms through which community involvement can be harnessed to address existing challenges of school governance.
Challenges Toward Learning Mathematics
Authors: Pokhrel Maheshwor
Published: February 2024

Mathematics is the science of all sciences and the art of all arts. Mathematicians had been concerned with everyday problems. However, today’s students are uninterested in learning mathematics. My research is based on narrative inquiry and the interpritivism philosophy paradigm. The main objective of this research is to identify students’ challenges to learning mathematics. I gathered information from eight participants from two schools, one public and one private. To achieve the research objective, in-depth interviews were conducted with research participants. I had narrated views about perception and challenges towards learning mathematics from my participants. After analysis and interpretation of data, challenges towards learning mathematics were mathematic anxiety, lack of interest, negative perceptions, lack of students labor, present practice of teaching and unqualified and nonprofessional teachers, traditional teaching methods with rote learning, lack of parents awareness, low socio-economic status of parents, low self-efficacy, lack of motivation and counseling, low self-efficacy of students, unpractical curriculum and courses, poor school administration and physical facilities, math myth. Public school students and non-optional mathematics students had faced more challenges than private school students and optional mathematic students.
Muta Marriage in Islam: Understanding the Practice, Controversies, and Significance
Authors: Ojha Niranjan
Published: February 2024

Marriage is a social contract between husband and wife for their future life with responsibilities, right and duties. Islam does not rule out the dissolution of marriage as a last resort for estranged couples. A Muta marriage only lasts for a specified period of time. This article examines the legitimacy of Muta marriage, a popular practice among Shia Muslims, practice, controversies and significance. It discusses the legality of children, inheritance, and divorce, as well as the link between prostitution and Muta marriage. Muta marriage is practiced to avoid persecution and find pleasure, particularly for males, while making women’s lives miserable and shameful. The research is based on a qualitative study, focusing on the general situation of Muta marriage, with in-depth interviews and library research method. The study focuses on the historical analysis of the Muta marriage system, with anonymous respondents referred to as Res.1 through Res.3. on the demand of respondents. Other aspects of the subject topic are not addressed in the research. This article aims to shed light on Muta marriage by exploring its historical context, purpose, controversies, and its place in modern Muslim societies.
Ancestral Rites, Clans and Cultures of Khambus of Khambuwan
Authors: Rai Ram Kumar
Published: February 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate the khambus of Nepal with the focus on the ancestral rites clan and culture. The Khambu Rais or Rais are one of the most ancient indigenous ethnolinguistic groups of Nepal. who used to live in wallo kirant and majh kirant for particular reason. khambus are nature worshippers. Culture is something that people actively create, and it soon helps to shape a population’s sense of self. The myths, tales, shared origin, and cultural history helped to validate and solidify the group’s identity. In this article, stated about khambus and their traditional culture and rituals, despite the fact that they currently incorporate various mainstream religions and rituals. Khambuwan is called majh Kiratand wallo Kirat. khambus called Kirat Rai. Kirata is a generic term for Mongoloids and thus was used in numerous Sanskrit and classical texts as well as some Indian epigraphs. ‘Rai’ is a derivative of Raja. This title is said to have been conferred on the Khambu chiefs by Prithivinarayan shah after the Gorkha conquest of Khambuwan, Although the Khambu are typically thought of as a single organization, a look at their background would show that they actually consist of countless smaller groupings known as thars. Based on their social structure. The Khambu are examined for their differences and similarities in this essay. The Khambu society’s cultural facets can be revealed by an effort to comprehend the intricate nature and operation of the thars and rituals. This study, Philosophy. Uses interpritivism because it retains the purpose of understanding and interpret a research perspective on the sources and factor about khambu society and it’s culture and clan. Nature of Sources of data will be qualitative. Fact will be analysis by primary and secondary sources. Finding of this essay is khambu are still existence with unity in diversity clan by culture.
Factors Associated with Household Headship in Nepal. Does Policy Matter in Female Household Headship?
Authors: Acharya Devaraj , Adhikari Ramesh , Sharma Mohan Kumar , Wagle Bishnu Prasad , Sharma Sushil
Published: February 2024

This study entitled ‘Factors associated with household headship in Nepal. Does policy matter in female household headship?’ It aims to find out the association between household headship and socio-demographic characteristics. While, household head/headship allows for socio-economic mobility that results in economic growth, leadership ability, socially, politically and economically productive life, and ultimately satisfaction. We used a cross-sectional design using secondary data from Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2016. We considered household headship as the dependent variable and socio-demographic characteristics such as age, occupation, residence setting, and provinces as the independent variables. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed to find out the association between the independent variables and the dependent variable. It was observed that nearly one-fourth of the respondents were household heads. Of the respondents, more than half were from male-headed households while less than half were females. It was noticed that, the higher the educational achievement the lower the chances of being in household headship concerning females. It can be concluded that higher educational attainment was not a predictor for household headship, but female-headed households were observed as prosperous households. These facts could be considered account by policymakers while planning.
पाठ्यक्रम विकासमा जडीबुटी संस्कृतिको महत्व {Importance of herbal culture in curriculum development}
Authors: सुवेदी Subedi रेशमबहादुर Reshambahadur
Published: February 2024

प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धान पाठ्यक्रम बिकासमा जडीबुटी सँस्कृतिको महत्व शीर्षकमा आधारित छ । अध्यनको उद्देश्य जडीबुटी सँस्कृतिको पाठ्यक्रम बिकासमा महत्व पत्ता लगाउनु रहेको छ । संस्कृति मानिसले आफ्नो अनुभव एव क्षमताको प्रयोग गरीनिर्माण गरिएको मूल्य र मान्यता हो, यसले व्यक्ति र समाजलाई मार्गनिर्देशन गर्दछ । पाठ्यक्रम विकास गर्दा समाजको सँस्कृति सँग सम्बन्धित सिद्धान्तको प्रयोग गरिन्छ । यस अध्ययनमा द्वितियक स्रोतका तथ्याङ्ककको प्रयोग गरी संकलन गरिएका सुचनालाई विषयवस्तु विश्लेषण विधिबाट विश्लेषण गरीनिष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । नेपालमा वनस्पति मानव संस्कृतिको रुपमा विकास भएको छ । विशषगरी नेपालको हिमाली क्षेत्रमा वहुमुल्य जडीबुटी पाइने हुनाले यस क्षेत्रमा जडीबुटीको बारेमा थुप्रै खोज अनुसन्धान भएका छन । जुडीवुटीबाट उपचार गर्ने पद्धति आयूर्वेदमा जडीबुटीको बारेमा व्याख्या हाम्रा वैदिक ग्रन्थहरुमा गरेको पाइन्छ । वैदिक ग्रन्थलाई ब्रम्हाले रचना गरेको मानिन्छ । यसरी हेर्दा जडीबुटीको प्रयोग व्रहको पालादेखि नै हुने गरेको मान्न सकिन्छ । जडीबुटी र पाठ्यक्रम सम्बन्धी विभिन्न समयमा भएका खोज अनुसन्धानले, समाजको सँस्कृतिलाई समेटेर पाठ्यक्रम निर्माण नभएकोमा सरोकारवालाहरुको पाठ्यक्रमप्रति नकरात्मक धारणा रहेको तरसमाजको आवश्यकतालाई समेटेर निर्माण गरिएकोमा सरोकारवालाहरुको सकरात्मक धारणा रहेको छ । जडीबुटीको सम्बन्ध मानिसको हरेक पक्षसँग जोडिएको छ । जडीबुटीकोप्रयोग खाना, लगाउन, बास वनाउन, स्वास फेर्न सम्पूर्णमा भएको पाइन्छ । जडीबुटी मानव जातिको संस्कृतिकको रुपमा विकास भएको छ । पाठ्यक्रम विकासको आधारसमाजको हो, संस्कृति समाजमा प्रयोग हुने जडीबुटीसँग जोडिएको हुन्छ । यसरी पाठ्यक्रम विकासमा र जडीबुटीको सँस्कृति महत्वपूर्ण रहेन्छ । पाठ्यक्रम शिक्षाको आधारहो, देश बिकासलाइ निर्देशन गर्ने काम शिक्षाले गर्दछ । हाम्रो देशको संस्कृति, आर्थिक, सामाजिक, भौगोलिक, वातावरणीय, सम्पूर्ण बिकासमा जडीबुटीको महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका देख्न सकिन्छ, त्यसैले पाठ्यक्रमको बिकास गर्दा पाठ्यक्रममा जडीबुटीलाइ समावेश गर्नुपर्छ भन्ने अध्ययनको निष्कर्ष छ ।
Virtual Physical Therapy Practices in Canadian Exercise-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation Programs
Authors: Farid Miriam , Kwan Timothy , Nica Alex , Paliga Austin , Parthipan Milothy , Vaikuntharajan Praja , Schertzer Katarina , Miller Erin , Wickerson Lisa
Published: February 2024

Purpose:

To understand the current physical therapy virtual care practices in Canadian pulmonary rehabilitation programs.

Methods:

Exercise-based pulmonary rehabilitation programs were identified through Canadian pulmonary associations available on public websites. Physiotherapists at eligible sites were emailed a web-based survey (REDCap) between March and June 2023.

Results:

31/61 survey recipients from 56 programs completed the survey (response rate = 51%). A majority of participants ( n = 20, 65%) reported using a hybrid (mix of virtual and in-person) delivery model in the preceding 6 months. Assessments of exercise capacity, respiratory status, exertional oxygen requirements, and physical function were primarily conducted in-person, whereas exercise prescription and progression, respiratory treatment, psychosocial support, vital sign monitoring, and education were conducted both in-person and virtually. Commonly reported enablers to virtual care were patient preference, medical stability, and availability of technological equipment. Clinical practice guidelines alongside continuing education and training opportunities were identified as important resources needed to optimize virtual or hybrid rehabilitation delivery.

Conclusions:

Following the COVID-19 pandemic there has been a shift towards a hybrid model of exercise-based pulmonary rehabilitation delivered by physiotherapists. Expanding the evidence base particularly around the clinical utility of virtual assessment may further inform virtual care practices.
Risk of acute kidney injury in elective percutaneous coronary intervention: A comparative study of radial and femoral access
Authors: Abdulateef Zghair Nassir Hayder , Hassan Laith Falah
Published: February 2024

The impact of vascular access type, specifically transradial versus transfemoral, on the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains uncertain. In this study, we aimed to compare the incidence of AKI between the two access groups.

Methods. This prospective observational study involved 164 adult patients undergoing elective PCI. Patients were categorized into transfemoral (n = 100) and transradial (n = 64) groups. Demographic data, including age, sex, body surface area, and preoperative glomerular filtration rate, as well as clinical information such as the presence of baseline ventricular dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, postoperative blood loss, and transfusion volume, were recorded. Serum creatinine levels within the first 48-72 hours postoperatively were also documented.

Results. Out of 100 patients in the transfemoral group, 12 (12%) developed AKI compared with 2 patients out of 64 (3.13%) in the transradial group. In the logistic multivariate analysis, several independent risk factors for AKI in patients undergoing PCI were identified. These factors included age >55 years (OR 2.88, 95% CI 1.09; 11.97, p = 0.046), diabetes (OR 4.82, 95% CI 1.12; 31.65, p = 0.039), preprocedural creatinine levels > 0.85 mg/dL (OR 3.17, 95% CI 1.54; 17.96, p = 0.019), fluoroscopy time > 10 min (OR 6.55, 95% CI 1.65; 26.03, p = 0.008), Mehran score indicating a risk of contrast-induced nephropathy >8 (OR 4.23, 95% CI 1.25; 14.3, p = 0.020), and transfemoral access (OR 3.22, 95% CI 1.08; 18.54, p = 0.044).

Conclusions. Transradial access is associated with a significant independent reduction in the incidence of post-PCI AKI compared with transfemoral access. Age >55 years, diabetes, preprocedural creatinine > 0.85 mg/dL, fluoroscopy time > 10 min, Mehran score >8, and transfemoral access were identified as independent risk factors for AKI in patients undergoing PCI.
Association between baseline intact parathyroid hormone levels, COVID-19 severity, and long-term outcomes in patients undergoing hemodialysis: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Snisar L. , Rysyev А. , Poperechnyi I. , Filonov V. , Ostapenko T. , Marchenko V. , Dzhur V.
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic poses unique challenges for vulnerable populations, including patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD). This study explores the relationship between baseline intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels and COVID-19 severity, post-acute hospitalization, and mortality rates in HD patients.

Methods. A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted across multiple centers, encompassing 142 patients undergoing HD treatment in three regions of Ukraine. The study spanned from March 2020 to May 2022. Baseline iPTH levels, demographic characteristics, and relevant clinical indicators were systematically recorded. Key endpoints included the severity of COVID-19, post-acute hospitalization, and mortality rates.

Results. Of the initially eligible 165 patients, 23 were excluded, resulting in a final cohort of 142 patients. During the acute phase of COVID-19, distinct patterns emerged in terms of hospitalization rates, oxygen support requirements, and mortality. Lower iPTH levels were significantly associated with severe COVID-19-associated pneumonia (p < 0.0001). A 20-month follow-up revealed a significant association between serum iPTH concentration <174 pg/mL and increased rates of post-acute COVID-19 hospitalization [HR 6.3 (95% CI 2.9; 13.7)] and all-cause mortality [HR 34.3 (95% CI 6.9; 74.5)].

Conclusion. This multicenter retrospective study suggests potential links between baseline iPTH levels and COVID-19 outcomes in patients undergoing HD. Serum iPTH concentration ≤174 pg/mL was significantly associated with increased post-acute hospitalization and mortality rate in our patient cohort. The findings emphasize the need for further research to elucidate underlying mechanisms and establish the prognostic value of iPTH in this specific patient population.
The link between moderate COVID-19 and delayed manifestation of glomerulonephritis: Insights from cluster analysis of TGF-β1 and VEGF levels
Authors: Zub L.O. , Horban B.V. , Kulachek V.T.
Published: February 2024

Recent data reveal delayed pathological kidney changes occurring 8-12 months post-moderate COVID-19, often detected for the first time. While severe COVID-19 leads to interstitial and subsequent glomerular lesions, the predominant changes in moderate cases remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between moderate COVID-19 and the manifestation of glomerulonephritis (GN).

Methods. This cross-sectional study included 25 patients with stage 1-2 GN and a history of moderate COVID-19 8-12 months before the onset of GN, 27 individuals without GN who experienced COVID-19, and 20 healthy subjects without a history of COVID-19. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels in blood and urine were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cluster and classification data mining methods were utilized for these markers to assess potential relationships between moderate COVID-19 and GN manifestation.

Results. A significant increase in blood and urine TGF-β1 and VEGF levels was found in GN patients with a history of moderate COVID-19 (p<0.05), while elevated blood VEGF was observed in those without GN (p<0.05). Cluster analysis affirmed the correlation, emphasizing that urinary TGF-β1 within the range of 1.352 to 5.693 pg/ml and urinary VEGF < 214.12 pg/ml serve as classification rules for predicting GN.

Conclusions. The cluster and classification analysis method for TGF-β1 and VEGF levels can be utilized in clinical practice to predict the development of GN in the long-term post-COVID period.
The role of native vitamin D treatment in the clinical assessment of osteoporosis in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Demirel Selinay , Gürbüz Murat
Published: February 2024

The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Vitamin D deficiency is associated with various bone disorders such as osteoporosis by affecting bone mineralization. Current international guidelines recommend vitamin D supplementation in CKD as well as in the general population. However, the effect of various forms of vitamin D on bone health in CKD remains unclear. Few randomized controlled studies have evaluated the effects of vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density and bone turnover markers; however, the findings of these studies are heterogeneous. This review aimed to present comprehensive and current findings on the effects of native vitamin D supplementation on bone biomarkers and bone mineral density in CKD. We infered that native vitamin D treatment could improve some bone biomarkers, particularly in predialysis CKD patients with severe vitamin D deficiency. Our findings also draw attention to the fact that vitamin D is an important factor in treatment. However, it is essential to design better-quality and comprehensive controlled studies to obtain clear findings.
The problem of the formation and functioning of bilingualism in the family and society
Authors: Knol М.
Published: February 2024

The article determines the conceptualization of “bilingualism” as a common phenomenon. The importance of this disputed point in the state of new multicultural sovereign state is emphasized. A minor overview of the scientific guidance is given in which the occasion of bilingualism is studied. The advantageous and opposite points of opinion of bilingualism researchers are considered, likewise as the contemporary attitude to this problem. Special importance is given to the formation of bilingualism in the family. Accomplishable variation of family bilingualism, age-related dilemma of bilinguals and ways to clear up them are considered. The article fix up with provision methodological recommendations for successfully overcoming difficulties in the upbringing of bilingual children. The article furthermore exposes the conceptualization of bilingualism and bilingual families, investigates the denotation and the role of bilingualism in the development of a kid in contemporary society, tells about the positive and negative sides of bilingualism in a child, the characteristic of the psychical organization of bilingual education.
Использование технологий реализации параллельных вычислений в базе данных в современном образовании
Authors: Серік М.
Published: February 2024

В статье изложены технологии, применяемые при обучении параллельным вычислениям в базе данных в образовательном процессе вуза. Сегодня парадигму профессионального образования сменила компетентностная, цель которой состоит в ориентации образовательного процесса вуза на формирование и развитие комплекса ключевых компетентностей обучающихся. Как показали результаты анализа педагогических подходов, применяемых сегодня к определению характеристик компетентности будущих разработчиков программного обеспечения в области баз данных, а также изучение основ их формирования, можно наблюдать все более возросший интерес общества к качественной подготовке специалистов в области баз данных. При этом можно наблюдать недостаточность разработанности модели формирования специалиста, обладающего такой высокой компетентностью. Авторами изложены основные принципы работы моделей параллельных вычислений, а также вопросы использования алгоритмов распараллеливания заданий для оптимизации работы с базами данных. Обоснован предлагаемый методический подход в реализации параллельных вычислений в базе данных с помощью изложенных моделей. Авторы исследования предлагают подход к формированию навыков программирования параллельных вычислений в базе данных на основе внедрения практики решения задач из реального опыта софтверных компаний. Как показали результаты проведенного эксперимента, различия в средних экспертных оценках между контрольной и экспериментальной группами являются статистически значимыми. Полученные результаты исследования могут быть имплементированы в развитие специалистов по параллельным вычислениям в базах данных и способствовать развитию связей с компаниями, предоставляющими рабочие места выпускникам соответствующих направлений подготовки.
Study of intellectual developmental work of teacher candidates with primary school students
Authors: Daribayeva Zh.A.
Published: February 2024

The article examines the study of the work of teacher candidates on intellectual development with primary school students. The scientific works of scholars from far and near abroad have studied the work of teacher candidates aimed at developing the intellectual abilities of schoolchildren. The analysis of methodologies, and scientific experience of scholars on the development of intellectual abilities of schoolchildren is carried out. We were guided by the conclusions of Russian scientists about the professional development of teacher candidates. To determine the level of readiness of teacher candidates for intellectual and developmental work with primary school students, interviews and questionnaires were conducted with students of a local educational institution. Primary school teachers have identified the qualifications necessary for a teacher to work with students intellectually. Analyzing the results of the survey and interviews, the ways of solving the current problem were considered. Based on the results of the research work, it was concluded that in the conditions of improving the didactic and pedagogical training of teacher candidates, work is being carried out to form the readiness of teacher candidates to work on the intellectual development of primary school students.
География пәні мұғалімдерін дайындауда цифрлық білім беру ресурстарының ерекшелігі
Authors: Кадирбаева Д.А.
Published: February 2024

Мақалада қоғамның барлық саласы, еңбек нарығы цифрлық ресурстарды кеңінен қолдана білетін мамандарды талап етіп отырғандықтан, болашақ маман иелерін цифрлық ресурстарды кеңінен қолдана білуге дайындауда жоғары оқу орында атқарылатын жұмыстар түріне сипаттама жасалған. Білім беру, оқытуда цифрлық технология жаңа контексті құрап отыр, қазіргі уақытта ғылыми-зерттеу орталықтары ақпаратты жеткізу бойынша жасап жатқан ресурстар түрлерімен болашақ ұстаздарды дайындау. Күнделікті дәріс, семинар сабақтарды цифрлық ресурстарды қолдану арқылы студенттерді даярлау. Сабақ барысында цифрлық ресурстарды қолдану жаңа инновациялық технологияларды қолдану мүмкіндігін кеңейтеді. Қазіргі уақытта білім саласында мобильділік өте жоғары болуы, электронды портфолио, кредиттер, интернет-журнал, подкаст цифрлық ресурстарды кең көлемде қолдануды талап етеді. Оқытушылар студенттерге жұмыстың мазмұнын, әдісін, құралы мен формаларын өзгертуге мүмкіндік жасай алатын шығармашылық жұмыстарды ұсына отырып, өзіндік жұмыстардың сипатын талдауды, оқу қызметін өз беттерінше ұйымдастыра алуды, білім алуда оқытудың топтық, ұжымдық түрін таңдауға бағыт бере отырып, білім берудегі цифрлық ресурстардың қажеттілігін түсіндіреді. Цифрлық білім берудің ерекшеліктерін: білім алушы үшін түсініктілігін, нақты мәліметтердің болуын, дәрісті жоспарлауда нақты түрін таңдау, білім алушылардың дағды, білім, білікке негізделген оқу іс-әрекетінің түрлерін ұсыну, білім берудің деңгейлік саралау, даралау мүмкіндігін, білім беруде заманауи жоғары интерактивтілігін, мультимедиялығын қамтамасыз етілуін ескеру қажет. Жоғары оқу орны оқытушысының негізгі мақсаты, оқытудың сапалы нәтижелеріне жетуге жағдай жасайтын және цифрлық технологияға негізделген оқыту дизайндарын зерттеуге бағытталады. Мақалада география пәні мұғалімдеріне жоғары сапалы білім беруді анықтау үшін, сапалы оқуды ұсынатын принциптер кешені дайындалуы туралы және жоғары білім беру кезінде аса сапалы оқытуды қамтамасыз ете алатындай әлеуеті бар оқыту дизайнының басты элементтерін сипаттау үшін ассоциативтік, когнитивтік, жағдаяттық тұғырларын қолданудың қажеттілігі сипатталады: білім алушылардың білімді игеруге атсалысуын, студенттердің бұрын игерген білімдері мен қалауларын ескере отырып, соның негізінде олар күткен деңгейде білім ұсыну, оқыту контексіне мән беру, оқыту дизайнын жүзеге асыру мәселесін және білім алушыға ұсынылатын кеңірек оқыту бағдарламасы аясында оның орнын қарастыру. Цифрлық білім беруде білім алушыға қойылатын міндет түрлері, оның өз оқуына сыни көзбен қарауына, зияткерлік дағдыларына қолдау көрсету үшін белсенді атсалысуын ынталандыруға және құлшынысын арттыруға арналған тәсілдерді талдау, білім алушылардың үйреніп, қалыптастырып жатқан білімдерін өздеріне және өз сыныптастарына көрсетіп, оны бөлісуге ынталандыру.
The Role of The Teacher in Promoting The Culture of Islamic Tolerance Among Tenth-Grade Students in Jordan From The Students’ Point of View
Authors: Alazeez Amjed Mohammad Alabd , AL-Momani Mohammad Omar , Rababa Elham Mahmoud
Published: February 2024

The study aims to identify the role of the teacher in promoting the Islamic culture of tolerance among tenth-grade students in Jordan by keeping in view the relationship of tolerance to the variables of gender and place of residence. To achieve the objectives of the study, the descriptive approach has been used, in addition to using the questionnaire as a tool for the study which was applied to a sample consisting of two thousand male and female students studying in the second semester of the academic year (2023-2024). The results of the study show that twelve (12) items obtained a score of (very high), and sixteen (16) items obtained a score of (high). It has been observed that the role of the teacher in promoting the culture of tolerance among tenth-grade students was high on the scale as a whole, in addition to the presence of statistically significant differences between the students’ opinions according to the variables of gender, in favor of males and place of residence, and favor of students in rural areas and villages.
Learning Arabic Language Sciences Based on Technology in Traditional Islamic Boarding Schools in Indonesia
Authors: Nasution Sahkholid , Asari Hasan , Al-Rasyid Harun , Dalimunthe Rasyid Anwar , Rahman Aulia
Published: February 2024

This research aims to analyze traditional Islamic boarding school leaders' perceptions of technology, models of learning Arabic sciences in traditional Islamic boarding schools, forms of using technology in learning Arabic language sciences in traditional Islamic boarding schools, and foundation support for using technology in learning sciences. -Arabic language knowledge in traditional Islamic boarding schools. The type of research used is qualitative-descriptive. Research data was obtained using observation methods, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The instruments used are observation lists, interview lists, and documentation lists. Data were analyzed using ATLAS—ti9 software. The research results show that (1). traditional Islamic boarding school leaders' perception of technology is very positive, and there is no rejection of the presence of technology; (2). The model of learning Arabic language sciences in traditional Islamic boarding schools is still preserved, such as using the yellow book with the bandongan, sorogan, and wetonan methods (3). Using technology in learning Arabic language sciences in traditional Islamic boarding schools by operating computers, laptops, focus, and cell phones with the help of the internet (4). The foundation supports the use of technology in learning Arabic language sciences in traditional Islamic boarding schools by disbursing sufficient funds to procure learning technology tools or by building collaborations with other parties. This research aims to increase the use of learning technology in traditional Islamic boarding schools to create effective and efficient learning but remain resistant to Islamic boarding school values and traditions.
The proxy war in Ukraine
Authors: Hann Chris
Published: February 2024

Overwhelming empathy with all the civilians and conscripts who have suffered from the ongoing violence in Ukraine, which began years before the Russian invasion of February 2022, must be complemented by analysis and explanation. What can anthropologists contribute? I have been disappointed by one-sided accounts endorsing the government of President Volodymyr Zelensky and the cause of the Ukrainian nation that have dominated in the Western mass media and anglophone academic work, including that of anthropologists. From an anthropological perspective, to invoke international law and sacralize political sovereignty is inadequate (Hann 2023; Malinowski 1944). Instead, we need to scrutinize the complex history of the Ukrainian nation, which is being consummated through the present violence. We need to recognize that Zelensky heads an Atlanticist, market-oriented, nationalist regime of dubious legitimacy. This critical stance does not mean deference to the Kremlin in the spirit of the “realist school” of international relations. It does mean recalling that as late as autumn 2021 President Vladimir Putin was putting forward proposals for a peaceful resolution of the crisis brought about by Western geopolitical and economic ambitions since the end of the Cold War. For the Russian political classes (not just for Putin and his oligarchical allies), when it came to NATO expansion Ukraine was a unique red line. However, too many interest groups in Washington as well as in Kyiv actually wanted the war that began in February 2022 (though this could not be declared publicly).
Class, values, and revolutions in the Russia-Ukraine war
Authors: Ishchenko Volodymyr
Published: February 2024

Chris Hann's essay serves as a valuable intervention against the tendency to normalize primordial ethnonationalism following the full-scale Russian invasion. It is not immune to the common pitfalls and omissions in the writings of many authors whose point of criticism is aimed primarily at the role of Western elites in the conflict within and around Ukraine. But surely, Hann's core argument contains essential truths. Many social scientists have contributed to the construction of a theoretically shallow, methodologically nationalist, and culturally essentializing narrative. It is a telling fact that someone engaging the discussion has to begin with some basic facts of Ukrainian national identity formation, such as its diversity, or has to remind that the interests of the Western ruling classes in the war do not necessarily coincide with the interests of the Ukrainian subaltern classes, or that those are also likely to diverge from the interests and ideologies of their own comprador middle classes calling themselves “civil society.”
Toward a Philosophy of Melodrama
Authors: Allen Richard
Published: February 2024

This article proposes a philosophy of melodrama, following the example of Noël Carroll in The Philosophy of Horror (1990). Melodrama is defined by a distinctive mode of address in which morality is dramatized through an appeal to our emotions. More narrowly conceived as the “tearjerker,” it is designed to solicit tears through the orchestration of pathos. While melodrama is associated above all with a genre of nineteenth- century theater, it is considered here as a mode that persists from at least the medieval period into the present, encompassing discrete art forms, such as theater, opera, and film. Furthermore, as it evolves historically, it develops more complex idioms. Classical melodrama, or the melodrama of good versus evil, which dwells on the pathos of suffering innocence, is contrasted with romantic melodrama or the melodrama of moral antinomy (Singer), which explores the pathos of sacrifice. A series of distinctions are drawn between sympathy, pathos, empathy, and identification, and the relationship of each to the other and to our moral responses are briefly delineated. The article contests Murray Smith's theory of empathy as central or personal imagination and defends a distinctive concept of identification, based upon its roots in the medieval French “identifier,” to “regard as the same.” It concludes with a brief defense of melodrama against the charge that is emotionally contrived and exploits our moral sentiments for meretricious ends.
Book Reviews
Authors: Romao Tico , Saxton Libby , Turner Pete , Whissel Kristen
Published: February 2024

Kathryn Millard. Double Exposure: How Social Psychology Fell in Love with the Movies. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2022, 170 pp., $29.95 (paperback), ISBN: 9781978809451.

Wyatt Moss-Wellington. Cognitive Film and Media Ethics. New York: Oxford University Press, 2021, 208 pp., $43.99 (paperback), ISBN: 9780197552896.

Mathias Clasen. A Very Nervous Person's Guide to Horror Movies. New York: Oxford University Press, 2021, 208 pp, $14.99 (softcover), ISBN: 9780197535905.

Carl Plantinga. Alternative Realities. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2020, 168 pp., $21.95 (paperback), ISBN: 9780813599816.