bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on microstructure and friction and wear properties of wear-resistant coatings prepared by thermal spraying
Authors:   School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, Wang Z. L. , Li Q. ,   School of Material Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, Li Q.X. ,   School of Material Science & Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, Ju C. ,   School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, Song Q. H. ,   School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, Li J. J. ,   School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, Sun Z. P ,   School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, Zhang Y. F. ,   School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong
Published: April 2022

In this paper, Cr2O3-2TiO2 and Al2O3 coatings are prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying (APS), and WC-10Co4Cr was prepared by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF). The powders and coatings are characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to qualitatively analyze the phase. The generation of new material is analyzed. The Vickers hardness of each coating is tested by microhardness tester. The tribological properties of the coatings are tested with the multifunctional material surface tester and the friction coefficient curves are drawn with the collected data. It is found that the friction and wear properties of the Cr2O3-2TiO2 coating are good due to the high degree of flattening during spraying. Cr2O3-2TiO2 coating has the highest average hardness. The phase structure is stable before and after spraying. Compared with the powder, the X-ray diffraction peaks of Al2O3 coating are seriously widened, some diffraction peaks are offset, and the intensity of the derived peaks is significantly reduced. Al2O3 coating has the largest hardness and lowest average hardness. However, compared with the other two coatings, Al2O3 coating has the worst wear resistance. It is also found that decarburization occurred during HVOF of WC-10Co4Cr. However, CoCr phase will wrap the WC, which can greatly reduce decarburization of WC during spraying. The bonding strength, wear resistance and toughness of the coating will be significantly enhanced. Compared with Al2O3 coating and Cr2O3-2TiO2 coating, the wear resistance of WC-10Co4Cr coating is slightly better.
Annual STI Testing Among Sexually Active Adolescents
Authors: Liddon Nicole , Pampati Sanjana , Dunville Richard , Kilmer Greta , Steiner Riley J
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVES

National guidelines call for annual testing for certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among specific adolescent populations, yet we have limited population-based data on STI testing prevalence among adolescents. With inclusion of a new item in the 2019 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey, we provide generalizable estimates of annual STI testing among sexually active high school students.

METHODS

We report weighted prevalence estimates of STI testing (other than HIV) in the past 12 months among sexually active students (n = 2501) and bivariate associations between testing and demographic characteristics (sex, age, race and ethnicity, sexual identity, and sex of sexual contact). Multivariable models stratified by sex and adjusted for demographics examine the relationships between testing and sexual behaviors (age of initiation, number of sex partners, condom nonuse at last sexual intercourse, and substance use at last sexual intercourse).

RESULTS

One-fifth (20.4%) of sexually active high school students reported testing for an STI in the previous year. A significantly higher proportion of female (26.1%) than male (13.7%) students reported testing. Among female students, prevalence differed by age (≤15 years = 12.6%, age 16 = 22.8%, age 17 = 28.5%, or ≥18 years = 36.9%). For male students, there were no differences by demographic characteristics, including sexual identity, but most sexual risk behaviors were associated with increased likelihood of STI testing (adjusted prevalence ratios ranging from 1.48 to 2.47).

CONCLUSIONS

Low prevalence of STI testing suggests suboptimal adherence to national guidelines, particularly for sexually active adolescent females and young men who have sex with men who should be tested for Chlamydia and gonorrhea annually.
The biology of Simulium erythrocephalum and S. chelevini (Diptera, Simuliidae): Morpho-logical, ecological and molecular data
Authors: Sukhomlin K. B. , Zinchenko M. O. , Zinchenko O. P. , Tepliuk V. S. , Biletskyi Y. V. , Ivantsiv V. V. , Biletska M. G. , Buslenko L. V. , Ivantsiv V. V. , Budnik S. V.
Published: April 2022

The subgenus Boophthora is a typical Palearctic taxon, which includes only 6 species, among them. Simulium erythrocephalum has a transpalearctic distribution. In Europe, Adler notes only the species S. erythrocephalum, and Yankovsky – two species S. (Boophthora) erythrocephalum and S. (Boophthora) chelevini. According to morphological characteristics, these species differ in their life stages. We have studied the development of S. erythrocephalum and S. chelevini from three rivers of Volyn region, Ukraine (Styr, Chornoguzka, Putylivka) from 2017 to 2019. We used the EPPO PM7 / 129 standard. Collected samples, 615-bp fragments of the COI gene were sequenced from five individuals of S. erythrocephalum and five individuals of S. chelevini and compared with four samples of S. erythrocephalum from the GenBank. We obtained the nucleotide sequence of S. chelevini. All of the S. erythrocephalum samples from Ukraine had 692 bases, the S. erythrocephalum samples from Armenia had 673 bases. S. erythrocephalum and S. chelevini did not have any intraspecific variations. These intraspecific variations were not larger than the interspecific variations. It has been proved that the populations of S. erythrocephalum and S. chelevini from medium and small rivers of Volyn do not differ in biological, behavioural and genetic characteristics. Comparison of S. erythrocephalum and S. chelevini life stages showed clear differences in 20 morphological features, which are probably manifestations of phenotypic variability. Comparison of species with data from the GenBank from Spain and Armenia on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene confirmed the opinion that S. erythrocephalum and S. chelevini are one species. On the phylogenetic tree, the data are not grouped, there is no clear separation of the clades. Bootstrap values are 95–100%, which may indicate a significant similarity of all studied samples and the lack of isolation of individual morphotypes from Volyn, Spain and Armenia. To finally confirm the taxonomic position of these two species, additional research is needed covering more individuals from different parts of Europe and analysis of more genes.
The Effect of Thematic Store Atmosphere on Impulse Buying Behavior Mediated by Affection and Impulse Buying Tendency
Authors: Palilingan Vanessa Natalisa , Hussein Ananda Sabil , Prabandari Sri Palupi
Published: April 2022

Purpose: This study focuses on identifying aspects that can influence the behavior of consumers who make purchases at thematic cafes in Malang. This study uses a thematic store atmosphere as an independent variable, impulse buying behavior as a dependent variable, as well as positive emotion and impulse buying tendency as mediating variables.

Design / Method / Approach: Quantitative approaches and explanatory research are used in this study. The respondents in this study were consumers who had visited the thematic cafe in Malang city, and a purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 200 respondents was used to determine the number of samples. The data collection method used a questionnaire, and the data were analyzed by PLS-SEM.

Findings: The findings of this study indicate that the thematic store atmosphere does not have a significant effect on impulse buying behavior. Meanwhile, positive emotion and impulse buying tendency were able to perfectly mediate the relationship between the thematic store atmosphere and impulse buying behavior.

Practical Implications: A thematic cafe with an atmosphere designed according to the concept of a theme that is carried out very well can produce feelings of pleasure, excitement or comfort so that consumers feel like exploring or enjoying the atmosphere of the cafe so as to encourage unplanned purchases.

Originality / Value: The thematic store atmosphere is based on the thematic cafe trend in the city of Malang. The researcher also tries to make this research more comprehensive by examining the relationship between an impulse buying tendency and positive emotion both of which are mediating variables.

Paper type: Empirical
Characteristics of the Transylvanian Countryside after Romania’s European Integration
Authors: Jakab Albert Zsolt , Vajda András
Published: April 2022

The village today is only partially what we used to know of in the past, our previous image rooted in a sinking world, nothing but memories. In the 21st century, even in rural communities, the daily routine, practices and strategies of economic life are determined by the processes of modernization and globalization, in conjunction with information and communication technologies along with the wide-ranging proliferation of digital devices. It can be said that life in the 21st century village also shows a simultaneous constraint of modernization (the constraint of evolution and change) and the presence of masses incapable of changing (even if their number is continuously decreasing). The coexistence and confrontation of these opposing forces and ideologies characterizes the Hungarian/Transylvanian rural space in Romania during the 21st century. All these have led to the degradation of previous community patterns, resulting in the faltering position of tradition as well as a major change in the role it plays in the life of said communities.
¿Naturalismo versus Teísmo? La polémica Diéguez-Soler
Authors: Pérez-Marcos Moisés
Published: April 2022

En el presente artículo se analizan los tres ejes del debate en la polémica que hace unos años han mantenido Antonio Diéguez Lucena y Francisco José Soler Gil: i) la causación mental y su posible explicación en clave naturalista, ii) los méritos y límites explicativos de una posible alternativa teísta y iii) la conveniencia o no de una metodología naturalista en filosofía.
Sobre Barthes y la religión
Authors: Soto Luis-G.
Published: April 2022

El objeto de este trabajo es estudiar la relación del filósofo francés Roland Barthes (1915-1980) con la religión, en concreto el cristianismo. Para ello, indagaremos la presencia de la religión, como objeto, como tema y como motivo, en las obras de Barthes y en algunos escritos personales suyos. En conclusión, mostraremos que el cristianismo está presente a lo largo de toda su obra y es importante desde el punto de vista de este autor.
Protection of personal non-property rights of persons in the armed conflict: ukrainian realities and international experience
Authors: Kovalchuk Alla
Published: April 2022

The problem of protection of personal rights and human freedoms during armed conflicts is raised. Particular attention is paid to ensuring Protocol I to the Geneva Convention, which states that the parties to any armed conflict must distinguish between civilians and the military and direct their actions only against military objectives. Civilians should be provided with living conditions, as far as possible, and should be protected from murder, violence, stress, repression, destruction of their property and hostage-taking. Their personal rights, honor, dignity and personal integrity must be respected and guaranteed. The aggressor state does not comply with international law, and the Ukrainian security system, in turn, has identified gaps in the organization of rapid evacuation of civilians. As a result, a significant number of citizens remained on the territory of hostilities and were forced to provide themselves with at least a minimum of personal security. Accordingly, it is necessary to study the experience of other countries of the world that have suffered armed aggression in their territories in the context of positive practices of protection of the population, forced to find themselves in the territory of hostilities. The article draws conclusions about the formation of a new security policy and the development of preventive measures to protect the personal rights and freedoms of citizens during armed conflicts
Review of exponential rise in domestic violence amid COVID-19: theories and perspectives
Authors: Rakubu Kholofelo A , Olofinbiyi Sogo Angel
Published: April 2022

The need for continuous research on domestic violence could be more espoused by the exponential increase in domestic violence, such that characterized the global reign of corona virus. Domestic violence cases have been on the rise in South Africa since 1994; and despite the existence of legal protections and statutory instruments that attempt to hinder domestic violence, there continues to be prevalence of violent behaviours across different families. Indisputably, the outbreak of coronavirus has created myriads of consequences for justice system in South Africa and the world at large. Due to the outbreak, the South African government announced a lockdown to mitigate the spread of the virus. Nonetheless, within a span of one week of the lockdown, the South African Police Services (SAPS) reported a shocking rise in the number of gender-based violence cases, which was approximately reported as 89000. The lockdown primarily suggests that victims be locked with the perpetrators for a period until it is deemed safe to end the lockdown. Using a systematic review of the empirical literature, the paper provides a quadripartite criminological perspective (comprising differential association theory, classical theory, frustration-aggression theory and social bond theory) on the rise of domestic violence during the outbreak of the virus. It further explores the aftermaths of COVID-19 on criminal justice system in terms of dealing with diverse cases of domestic violence in the Republic. Factors pertaining to issues of access to justice system during the lockdown, poor police response and victim reporting, sense of helplessness by victims, delayed justice, as well as victim support, system are significantly evaluated
Development of the combined approach to the valuation of intellectual property objects
Authors: Svishchova Nataliia
Published: April 2022

The object of this research is a combined approach to the valuation of intellectual property. The paper compares the traditional approaches to valuation: profitable, market and cost, and identified the shortcomings of each. During the work the methods of analysis and synthesis of scientific literature were used to highlight the disadvantages and advantages of traditional approaches, statistical and comparative methods for estimating the value of patents in one industry. Mathematical modeling was also used to develop the formula of the combined approach. Researchers raised the issue of determining the pricing factors that are taken into account when determining the calculation parameters and dependent coefficients of adjustment of the value of intellectual property. Researchers presented methodological recommendations for calculating the integrated coefficient of influence of qualitative and quantitative factors, taking into account the type of object and the features of standardized approaches to evaluation.
As a result of the analysis of approaches the improvement of the combined approach for definition of cost of object of intellectual property is offered. The development takes into account the purpose of the assessment and the availability of complete, reliable and objective information, as well as the affiliation of the intellectual property to a particular industry and the impact of technological development of this industry. On the basis of the proposed coefficients of adjustment of the value of intellectual property objects, the value of industrial property according to the patent of Ukraine UA85101 and some inventions of the power engineering industry of enterprises of Kharkiv region (Ukraine) was calculated. The best result for the patent owner of JSC «Ukrainian Energy Machines» are the calculations obtained on the basis of the combined approach, taking into account the traditional profit approach and the integrated coefficient. According to the studied model, the value of industrial property UA85101 is 26930 USD. These calculations assume the best economic effect of using the rights to this patent in the company, or obtaining income from the sale of a license for this patent using a lump sum or royalty. The practical applicability of the study allows industrial enterprises to assess the possibility of improving the efficiency of intellectual property management, which provides maximum benefit from the commercialization of innovations.
Development of updated management concept
Authors: Babailov Vasil , Levchenko Iaroslava
Published: April 2022

The object of research is the concept of management. Since the seventies of the twentieth century, the practice of management has been using the basic, modern management concept of management (MMC), which appeared in the West as a result of the generalization of private management concepts. It defines two main aspects of management – its essence and content. At the same time, six main elements are included in the content of management: planning (of goals), designing (position), motivation (of personnel), business communication (BC), decision making (DM). However, the practice of using MMC has revealed that in addition to these six elements of content, any managers perform other procedures, both basic and auxiliary. This is actually the problem of a possible renewal of the content of management in the MMC. An analysis of recent studies and publications suggests that its authors do not even pose such a problem. The reason for this is believed to be that management is a phenomenon of a more complex nature than its parts (economics, engineering, administration). Therefore, a change in views on management is much slower than a change in views on its individual parts: it can take not years, not decades, but even centuries. Therefore, in this work, an analysis of the development of management at the stage preceding the creation of the MMC is carried out, at which the real conditions for the creation of the MMC are made. This stage is determined by the development of different, limited, but important private concepts of management, made by the classics of management. The unresolved components of a certain problem are the lack of evidence of the feasibility and addition of the content of management by three elements: decision-making organization (DMO), problem solving (PS), business communication organization (BCO). The practical significance of the research is to update the basic (modern) concept of management, which will improve the efficiency of its practice.
Analysing features of e-commerce systems architecture
Authors: Yakovenko Vadim , Ulianovska Yuliia , Yakovenko Tetiana
Published: April 2022

The object of the research is the process of designing the architecture of high-load systems. The conducted research is based on the system approach to design the architecture of e-commerce systems, characterized by high workload due to the large number of users working simultaneously with the system, a large amount of data and a significant number of complex calculations. The main hypothesis of the research is that the efficiency of such systems depends on the efficiency of each individual step to scale up the system and the consistency of these steps. The maximum efficiency can be achieved only if the resource constraints and requirements, which are determined by the key stakeholders of the projects, consider the specifics of the business system. This paper examines the methodological support of the developing high-load systems architecture. Within this research let’s analyze such specific features of high-loaded systems as scalability, rigidity, and response time and demonstrate the importance of considering these features when designing the architecture of high-loaded systems. This paper analyzes approaches to developing high-load systems architecture, their advantages, and disadvantages. It is suggested to use hybrid scaling method, which is based on combining two approaches – microservices and monolithic. It is also suggested to use a microservices approach for high-loaded and requiring scaling parts and a monolithic approach for non-loaded parts of the system. The research indicates the parts of the system that are usually highly loaded in e-commerce systems and require a microservices approach to design their architecture. This paper analyzes approaches to database scaling and organization of data replication. The application of the proposed approach to design the architecture of high-load systems, including the e-commerce systems, allows designing a system that can be easily scaled when necessary. At the same time, the system can be improved and further developed.
The Relation Between Spinoza's Monism and Kabbalistic Monotheism
Authors:   ,   Portland State University, Fredgant Naomi
Published: April 2022

Benedict de Spinoza's (1632-1677) excommunication from the strict Jewish-Portuguese community of Amsterdam didn’t erase all of the years of studying Judaic and Kabbalistic thought. His theory of G-d (monism) is deeply connected to Kabbalistic monotheism (the Judiac mystic theory of G-d). This thesis explores the similarities and differences between Spinoza's monism and Kabbalistic monotheism in order to shine new light on Spinoza's proof of the existence of G-d, and the nature of how we exist in relation to Him. By moving through descriptions of the two theories, it becomes evident that both have similar structures. There is one infinite G-d, all that exists is within Him, and we are created from Him. The differences arise when the theories explain how we interact with G-d, and how much we can really know about Him. While the differences are immense, Spinoza's monism connecting structurally with Kabbalistic monotheism shows that even though he rejected the school of thought he was raised in, what he knew lent itself to a beautiful theory of G-d and human existence.
Troublemaker: an Exploration of Praxis in Leftist Political Theory
Authors:   ,   Portland State University, Hamlin Emerson
Published: April 2022

This project seeks to make recommendations on praxis, or the actions that embody theory, to present and future leftist organizers. I will do so by completing a literature review: in this case, reading and analyzing works of some of the foundational thinkers in leftism, and by reading the works of the leftist thinkers of today. By doing this review, I seek to find my own, and other activists’ answers to Lenin's eternal question: What is to be done?
Gender Factor in the Nuclear Industry
Authors:   Novouralsk Technological Institute, Dronishinets Nikolay P. , Dronishinets Yulia A. ,   Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry
Published: April 2022

The aim of the work is to study the role of women managers in the nuclear industry. The article analyzes the documents of the United Nations (UN), the International Labor Organization (ILO), the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the Nuclear Energy Agency of the Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation, the Rosatom State Corporation, the Rosatom Technical Academy, the Russian Foundation for the Support and Development of Women’s Initiatives “Association of Women of the Nuclear Industry”, the results of research by domestic and foreign scientists to improve gender balance in the nuclear field. Worldwide, the proportion of female specialists is less than a quarter of all specialists working in the nuclear sector. The article shows that the gender gap has significant implications for the future of nuclear energy in countries with the nuclear industry. These states need new generations of specialists to ensure the further safe and effective use of nuclear technologies for industrial, scientific and medical purposes. Attracting and retaining more women and their career growth in the nuclear industry is an important goal for a country with nuclear industry. The article examines the role of women holding high positions in leading large organizations in various spheres of modern society, analyzes the role of women and their place in scientific, technical, engineering and mathematical careers. The novelty of the work lies in the fact that it presents the results of the first conducted sociological research on the problems of gender equality among women managers, specialists in the nuclear industry of Russia. The study showed that women are overcoming the “glass ceiling” in an industry traditionally dominated by men, but not so fast as new challenges require. Gender inequality in the nuclear industry is particularly pronounced in comparison with other industries. The results of the sociological research show changes in the industry aimed at making the nuclear industry more open and attractive to women.
Motivators of Participation of Kazakhstani Youth in Public Associations
Authors:   West Kazakhstan University, Kaliyeva Zhadyra A.
Published: April 2022

According to the results of a sociological study of activists of youth associations and using a questionnaire conducted in 2019 (N = 350 people according to the quota-target sample), the paper reveals the motives for youth participation in these organizations. The author interprets motivation as a combination of interrelated personal and social preferences of young people, correlated with their promising expectations. It depends, to a large extent, on the variety, social orientation of the association, the opportunities it provides for the self-development of the individual. The popularity of youth associations depends on their influence on the socio-economic, socio-cultural development of the region, country, and on their opportunities to provide conditions for the manifestation of a person’s creative abilities in the process of interaction with other participants. The main motivation to participate in the activities of various youth associations is personal self-realization. It is ensured by the fact that joint activity allows a young person to fully demonstrate his knowledge, skills, and abilities. Such activity also ensures the spiritual, physical, intellectual development of the new generation. A significant motivation is the development of communication skills, the expansion of social ties with peers, the acquisition of new competencies that allow people to adapt to the new requirements of a rapidly changing world.
The National Peculiarities of Coronavirus-Related Social Advertising in Russia and China
Authors: Vepreva Irina
Published: April 2022

The relevance of the global problem of confronting the coronavirus infection has made it possible for a whole scholarly direction to appear, i. e. the COVID humanities. This has brought together scholars from different countries who study the social, psychological, and linguistic behaviour of people in the new crisis. Its philological branch appeals to linguistic issues during the struggle against COVID‑19. This article deals with the reflection of the pandemic in Russian and Chinese social advertising. Comparative analysis reveals a thematic similarity between the advertisements of the two countries. Social advertising as an effective tool of interaction between the country and its population has become a natural platform for educational hygiene and dissemination of scholarly knowledge about people’s behaviour during the pandemic. In addition, advertising in Russia and China is a powerful mobilisation resource for ensuring social solidarity, promoting a common collective destiny, expressing gratitude to doctors who are perceived as heroes of our time, and raising the level of collectivist culture that facilitates the implementation of anti-COVID measures. At the same time, the thematic similarity of advertisements released in the two countries has a different national meaning. Chinese advertisements demonstrate a high degree of ideologisation and figurativeness. The material of Russian advertisements studied makes it possible to trace the use of linguo-creative techniques at different stages of the pandemic and the development of shock methods for influencing the target audience. China’s special place as the epicenter of the spread of the new virus has caused China-specific topics to appear (support for Wuhan and appeals to the population to abstain from consuming wild animal meat).
Certain Observaunt Touching the City and the Empire of Muscovia: неизвестное англоязычное описание России и проблема авторства
Authors: Rusakovsky Oleg
Published: April 2022

This article publishes and analyses Certain Observaunt Touching the City and the Empire of Muscovia (ca. 1634), a previously unknown anonymous English description of Russia, and two letters from the National Archives, London, related to it. The Observaunt includes eight paragraphs dedicated to printing and education in Russia, the activities of Greek monks in Moscow, the country’s geography, the organisation of the Ambassadorial Chancery, foreigners’ rebaptising into the Orthodox faith, and Europeans’ trade and church activities. The anonymous author of the text appears to have been an intellectual concerned with the preservation and dissemination of bookish learning and a critic of the low morals of the inhabitants of the city’s foreign quarters. Along with the Observaunt, two letters are held in the same archival file. These were sent by a George Reade, an Englishman, to his brother Robert from Moscow in June 1634. Reade informs his correspondent about his life in Moscow and his unsuccessful attempts to import pearls into Russia: he briefly mentions the Smolensk War, which ended in 1634, and a great fire in Moscow the same year. Using the findings of Russian and international scholars, the article identifies most of the foreigners mentioned by Reade, both Englishmen and Germans. Based on Reade’s letters and studies of British and American historians, the author reconstructs Reade’s biography. In conclusion, the article discusses the hypothesis about Reade’s authorship of the Observaunt. The article contains the original English text of the Observaunt and Reade’s letters with a Russian translation.
Inclusive economic growth through employment and income: Experience of the Russian Federation
Authors:   All-Russian Research Institute of Labor of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of Russia, Zabelina O. V. , Sergeeva M. V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Labor of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of Russia
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all areas of society. Among the most tangible consequences of the “coronacrisis” in Russia, one can single out a decrease in the number of employed people and a drop in incomes of the population in 2020. The high speed of the spread of the coronavirus has determined the need for the introduction of prompt measures to combat COVID-19, as well as supportive measures for both the population and businesses. Despite the scale and breadth of the measures of state support implemented in 2020, the question of methods for assessing their effectiveness is acute. The purpose of the study is to assess the inclusiveness of economic growth in the Russian Federation in the context of COVID-19 in the areas of state support for employment and income of the population. The following hypotheses are being tested: 1) the inclusiveness of economic growth in terms of employment and income of the population has decreased in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; 2) measures of state support for employment and incomes of the population made it possible to mitigate the drop in the value of the inclusiveness of economic growth. A new approach to analyze the effectiveness of public policy measures is suggested, on the basis of the author's dynamic approach to assessing the inclusiveness of economic growth. The proposed methodological approach is being tested for the case of analysis of the effect of state support measures in Russia in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment and incomes of the population. The increase in state welfare funding in 2020 compared to the modeled value made it possible to reduce the level of decline in the inclusiveness of economic growth (by 0.16 points), as a result of which this indicator in the areas of employment and income of the population decreased in 2020 by only 0.11 points. The results indicate relative effectiveness of the support measures adopted by the government that showed in mitigating the pandemic-induced fall in the inclusiveness of economic growth in 2020. The hypotheses under study were confirmed. The practical significance of this study lies in the proposal of a new dynamic approach to assessing the inclusiveness of economic growth, which can be used as a tool for assessing the effectiveness of the state policy pursued both at the federal and regional levels.
Lung Abnormalities in Systemic Sclerosis Patients through Spirometry, Chest X-Ray, and High-Resolution Computed Tomography Scan
Authors: Dewi Sumartini , Robbani Waliyyuddin , Kulsum Iceu Dimas
Published: April 2022

Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem autoimmune illness with a wide range of clinical symptoms. The pulmonary organ manifestations frequently occur, but the symptoms are non-specific. Radiological examination and pulmonary function tests (spirometry) are needed to detect lung abnormalities in SSc patients. This study aimed to obtain information about the overview of lung abnormalities in SSc patients through spirometry, chest x-ray, and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan examination. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was conducted on 75 SSc patients registered in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from January 2019 to December 2020. Data were collected with a total sampling method and presented in proportions and percentages. Results: The majority of subjects were affected by cutaneous 73 (97%), pulmonary 29 (39%), and musculoskeletal 17 (23%) involvement. Spirometry revealed that 43 subjects (57%) had restrictive lung disease, with one false-positive case and two false-negative cases. On a chest x-ray, 45 (60%) of subjects had abnormalities. The majority of subjects were found to have Ground-glass opacities on HRCT scans. Ground-glass opacities were discovered in 46 subjects (82%) and 27 subjects (60%) were identified as having severe fibrosis scores. Conclusion: According to spirometry results and abnormalities on chest x-ray and HRCT scans, the majority of SSc patients have restrictive lung disease.
Body Mass Index, a Body Shape Index, and Waist-to-Height Ratio in Predicting Elevated Blood Pressure
Authors: Winata Bryan Junius , Sidharta Veronika Maria , Hananta Linawati , Vetinly  , Prastowo Nawanto Agung
Published: April 2022

Background: One of the complications of obesity is an elevation in blood pressure which can increase the risk of hypertension. This study aimed to explore body mass index (BMI), a body shape index (ABSI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in predicting elevated blood pressure (BP). Methods: This study was conducted in a cross-sectional design on 215 medical students from October 2019 to September 2020. Respondents measured their own weight, height, waist circumference and BP. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve were analyzed using IBM SPSS v.23. Results: Of the 215 medical students who participated in this study, only 102 met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the students were female (n=71, 69.6%) with a mean age of 19.37 years, and normal blood pressure (n=90, 88.2%). Area under the ROC curve (AUC) of WHtR and ABSI were 0.774 (p-value= 0.002) and 0.766 (p-value= 0.003) respectively, which were still acceptable. However, the AUC of BMI (p-value=0.589) was 0.11, which was considered poor. Conclusion: The indicators of obesity can be used as a screening value for increased blood pressure in adults, with BMI being the weakest indicator compared to ABSI and WHtR. Further research is needed to examine ABSI and WHtR indicators as predictor of increased blood pressure in adults.
Therapeutic Outcomes of Pediatric Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia Patients at a Tertiary Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Marcus Filbert Lois , Suryawan Nur , Prihatni Delita
Published: April 2022

Background: Acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) is a subtype of leukemia characterized by myeloid infiltration into the bone marrow, blood, and other tissues. AML ranks 5th malignancy in children and the prognosis is poor. After chemotherapy, the outcomes vary. Therefore, this study aimed to provide further insight into the therapeutic outcomes of pediatric AML patients. Methods: This study was conducted with a cross-sectional descriptive method. The data were obtained from the medical records of children diagnosed with AML at the Department of Child Health of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2017–2019 with the total sampling method. Data including age at determination, gender, laboratory values including hemoglobin, leukocyte, thrombocyte as well as blast cell count on peripheral blood smear were collected. Also, the bone marrow punctures gathered were clustered based on the French-American-British (FAB) classification. Data were presented in tables. Results: In total, 46 data of AML patients were retrieved, with the age category at first diagnosis was >5–12 years (48%) and predominantly males (63%), children with moderate anemia (41%), leukocytosis (35%), severe thrombocytopenia (46%), and blast cell count ≥20% (83%). AML-M2 was the most common subtype (30.4%). The majority of patients (91%) underwent chemotherapy and most (45%) patients died during chemotherapy Conclusion: The outcome of AML therapy among children is mostly poor, and particularly die during chemotherapy. Early detection and follow-up of patients to continue therapy are important aspects to reduce the mortality rate of AML.
Snakebites and the Effect of Serum Anti Bisa Ular (SABU) Antivenom at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia: an Overview Period 2015–2019
Authors: Alya Sharon Noor , Rochmawaty Enny , Achadiyani  , Bashari Muhammad Hasan , Soedjana Hardisiswo
Published: April 2022

Background: Snakebite is considered a global health issue, especially in the Southeast Asian region. However, data regarding snakebite cases in Indonesia are still very limited. This study aimed to explore the venomous snakebite cases and the serum anti bisa ular (SABU) antivenom effect in treating venomous snakebite caused by other than the snake species indicated in currently available SABU antivenom formulas. Methods: The analytical descriptive method with a cross-sectional study design was conducted in 2021 using a total sampling from the medical records of 63 patients diagnosed with snakebite at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from 2015 to 2019. Characteristics of patients, clinical manifestation, and correlation between snakes species and outcomes after treatment with or without administration of SABU antivenom were collected. Results: Out of 63 patients, males (79%) were predominant with an average age of 39 years. Fifty-six patients arrived at the Emergency Room less than 24 hours after the occurrence (89%). Most cases were categorized as grade 2 (41.%) where the upper extremities were commonly bitten the body area (64%). Edema (83%) was the most common manifestation. There was no correlation between snake antivenom administered to a specific snake species and the stated outcome (p=0.053), meaning that SABU antivenom might be an effective alternative to treat more types of snakebites. Conclusions: Snakebites are most common in males, attack the upper extremities, categorized as grade 2 with edema. Administration of SABU antivenom provides the similar outcome compared to the group caused by the Javan spitting cobra, Banded krait, and Malayan pit viper.
Knowledge and Attitude among Doctors towards Use of Prophylactic Vitamin K in Neonatal Bleeding Disorders in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology: Experience from Haj El-Safi Hospital, Sudan
Authors:   School of medicine, Ahfad University for Women, Khartoum, Sudan, Hassan Rawan Mohamed Sabri , Malik Abrar Bakry , Elawad Mohamed Eltayeb ,   Faculty of medicine, National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan, Mohammed Ebtihal Modather , Osman Ahmed Sami Abdalla
Published: April 2022

Background: Vitamin K is crucial for neonates to prevent bleeding disorders. Raising awareness of vitamin K use would show positive outcomes. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude of prophylactic use of vitamin K for bleeding disorders in neonates among doctors working in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Haj El-Safi Hospital, Sudan. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2019, involving 36 doctors selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected by an interview-based questionnaire designed to measure the knowledge level of doctors toward vitamin K deficiency classification and interactions, guidelines availability and adherence, and parents counseling. Data were analyzed and presented in tables. Results: The doctors involved in this study were 36, including 7 registrars, 6 medical officers, 23 house officers, mostly aged 20–25 years (n=29), and female (n=27). The level of knowledge about the classification of vitamin K deficiency and the interaction of vitamin K with other drugs among doctors was mostly good (n=14 and n=15, respectively). Registrars were the most in the good category (n=6, and n=7, respectively). Most doctors (n=23) were aware of vitamin K guidelines, while only 15 have continuous adherence, 16 of doctors counseled parents about the importance of prophylactic vitamin K. Conclusion: The level of knowledge towards prophylactic vitamin K use in neonatal bleeding disorders among doctors in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Haj El-Safi Hospital is good.
Erythropoiesis Differences in Various Clinical Phases of Dengue Fever using Immature Reticulocyte Fraction Parameter
Authors: Oehadian Amaylia , Vidyaniati Putri , Candra Jeffery Malachi , Sumardi Uun , Susandi Evan , Alisjahbana Bachti
Published: April 2022

Objective: To determine the mechanism of erythropoiesis that led to anemia using the Immature Reticulocyte Fraction (IRF) parameter in various clinical phases of dengue fever. Methods: This study was a comparative analytical research using secondary data derived from the Dengue-associated Endothelial Cell Dysfunction and Thrombocyte Activation (DECENT) research. The study was performed at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, Indonesia from March 2011 to March 2012. Patients were grouped into fever, critical, recovery, and convalescent phases and a healthy control was established. Data collected were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, followed by Friedman test and Mann-Whitney post hoc test. Results: There were 244 subjects participating in this study. The median IRF for all subjects was 4.8% with an IQR of 2.4-8.1%. The values of Immature Reticulocyte Fraction in fever-phase, critical-phase, recovery-phase, convalescent-phase and healthy-control were 1.8% (IQR of 0.5-2.85%), 3.6% (IQR of 1.8-5.0%), 7.05% (IQR of 4.08-11.85%, 7.3 % (IQR of 3.95-9.3%) and 4.1% (IQR of 2.2-6.6%), respectively. There was a significant difference in IRF between groups (p<0.05). The immature Reticulocyte Fraction in fever phase was significantly different from the IRF in other phases and healthy controls (p<0.05). Conclusions:There are changes in erythropoiesis activities detected through the IRF in various clinical phases of dengue infection. Erythropoiesis suppression occurs mainly during the fever phase and starts to be restored in the critical phase. In the recovery and convalescent phases, the erythropoiesis activities increase. This is the first study describing IRF in multiple phases of dengue disease.
Congenital Complete Heart Block in Young Women
Authors: Dewi Triwedya Indra , Karwiky Giky , Iyos Rekha Nova , Febrianora Mega
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To present a rare case of Congenital Complete Heart Block (CCHB) in the setting of post-cesarean delivery of an asymptomatic young patient. Methods: A 30-year-old female patient complained of sudden weakness after C-section delivery with spinal anesthesia. She presented a slow heart rate and Complete Heart Block (CHB) on electrocardiogram (ECG). After one week of observation, the ECG still presented a CHB condition. A permanent pacemaker (PPM) with DDDR mode was then installed for this patient. Result: The etiology of CHB, especially at a young age, is unclear, hence challenging. A patient with a CCHB is difficult to diagnose, especially without any previously related symptoms. This abnormality is usually detected during routine screening not related to cardiovascular disease. The patient in this case study presented an ECG of persistent CHB from the time this patient was admitted until one week after observation. The echocardiography showed normal results. Other modalities to confirm diagnosis and evaluate the prognosis of a CCHB should be done. Conclusion: Establishing the etiology of CHB in young patients is challenging. The implantation of PPM is needed because the condition is permanent, regardless the etiology. However, implanting a permanent pacemaker is not always an easy decision, especially in young patients.
Glioblastoma following Hemorrhagic Stroke: A Case Report
Authors: Kevin  , Yamamoto Zulham , Dewanto Bayu
Published: April 2022

Objective: To report a glioblastoma (GBM) case preceded by a hemorrhagic stroke. Methods: This case reported a 53-year-old male presenting at at Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital, Medan, Indonesia, with a chief complaint of an altered mental state. The condition had been worsened for two weeks. On anamnesis, he was identified to have experienced intracerebral hemorrhage in January 2020. A follow-up head computed tomography scan was conducted in September 2020, showing a normal condition of the brain. Other oncogenic risk factors were not found. Due to convulsion in October 2020, the patient underwent a magnetic resonance imaging examination showing a cystic right temporoparietooccipital lesion and cerebral edema. Craniotomy tumor removal surgery was performed while the tumor was further examined for histopathological findings. The tumor was diagnosed as glioblastoma with microvascular proliferation and palisading necrosis. Results: There was some associations between hemorrhagic stroke and glioblastoma development. Conclusion: GBM preceded by hemorrhagic stroke is a rare case that can be diagnosed thoroughly by complete clinical and adjunct examinations.