bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NF-κB/miR-455-5p/SOCS3 Axis Aggravates Sepsis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury through Promoting Renal Inflammation
Authors: Yan Mingjuan , Zhang Ni , Quan Li , Bin Wei , Xi Jing , Dou Caoshuai , Liu Zhiwen , Gui Yongfeng , Yin Liang-Hong
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Sepsis is the leading contributor to acute kidney injury (AKI), responsible for 45–70% of AKI occurrences. Despite this, septic AKI is a highly multifactorial and complex condition, and our grasp of its pathogenesis is still not fully developed. Consequently, there remains a significant gap in effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for septic AKI. Methods: In the in vitro experiments, BUMPT cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS). In vivo experiments involved inducing sepsis in mice through administration of LPS injections. Additionally, in certain experiments, either a miR-455-5p mimic or an anti-miR-455-5p LAN was administered to the mice via injections into the tail vein. The mice were then sacrificed 24 h following LPS administration for subsequent analysis. Results: We observed a significant elevation in miR-455-5p levels within renal tubular cells following LPS-induced septic AKI. Our investigation revealed that NF-κB plays a crucial role in the upregulation of miR-455-5p. Inhibition of NF-κB using TPCA-1 prevented the rise in miR-455-5p levels in BUMPT cells (mouse proximal tubular cells from Boston University) cultured in vitro. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays confirmed that NF-κB directly interacts with the promoter region of the miR-455-5p gene in response to LPS treatment. Functionally, introducing miR-455-5p mimics intensified cell apoptosis, kidney damage, and the production of inflammatory cytokines, while silencing miR-455-5p had protective effects in septic mice. Notably, administering anti-miR-455-5p enhanced SOCS3 expression, whereas miR-455-5p mimics reduced SOCS3 levels following LPS exposure. Furthermore, our luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that SOCS3 is a direct target of miR-455-5p. Conclusion: This study indicates an NF-κB/miR-455-5p/SOCS3 axis which can exacerbate kidney damage by enhancing renal inflammation. This process highlights potential therapeutic targets for managing septic AKI.
Character N-gram Model for Toxicity Prediction
Authors: Shehab Eman
Published: October 2024

Prediction of molecular toxicity plays an important role in drug discovery. It has a direct relationship with human health and medical destiny. Accurately assessing a molecule’s toxicity can aid in the weeding out of low-quality com pounds early in the drug discovery phase, avoiding depletion later in the drug development process. Computational models have been used to automatically predict the molecular toxicity. In this paper, a machine learning-based model has been proposed. TF/IDF representation scheme has been used for N-gram and integrated with SMILE. Multiple machine learning classifiers have been im plemented such as Decision Tree, KNN, MLP, Random Forests, SGD and SVM. RF outperforms all the other classifiers. A wide range of N-gram models have been implemented and trigram reported the best results.
Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Algorithms for detecting DDoS attacks in SDN
Authors: S Neethu
Published: October 2024

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) revolutionizes networking by separating control logic and data forwarding, enhancing security against threats like Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks. These attacks flood control plane bandwidth, causing SDN network failures. Recent studies emphasize the efficacy of machine learning and statistical approaches in identifying and mitigating these security risks. However, there has been a lack of focus on employing ensembling techniques, amalgamating diverse machine learning models, selecting pertinent features, and utilizing oversampling techniques to balance categorical data. Our study evaluates 20 machine-learning models, emphasizing feature engineering and addressing class imbalance using Synthetic Minority Oversampling TEchnique (SMOTE). The results indicate that Ensemble methods such as LGBM Classifier, Random Forest Classifier, XGB Classifier, Decision Tree Classifier attained near-perfect scores (almost 100%) across all metrics, suggesting potential overfitting. Conversely, models like AdaBoost Classifier, K-Neighbors Classifier, and SVC exhibited slightly lower (99%) but realistic performance, underscoring the intricacy of accurate prediction in cybersecurity. Simpler models, including Logistic Regression, Linear Discriminant Analysis, and Gaussian Naive Bayes, demonstrated moderate to low accuracy, approximately around 70%. These findings stress the imperative need for a nuanced approach in the selection and fine-tuning of machine learning models to ensure effective DDoS detection in SDN environments.
AB-SEL model for the prediction of coronary heart disease
Authors: Bhutia Santosini , Patra Bichitrananda , Ray Mitrabinda
Published: October 2024

Coronary heart disease (CHD) stands as the leading cause of silent and noncommunicable deaths. Early detection is essential for slowing the progression of death and saving lives. Machine learning is of interest to medical researchers and has been used to predict heart disease. This article proposes an Accuracy-Based Stacked Ensemble Learning (AB-SEL) Model to predict coronary heart disease while minimizing computational time. The dataset undergoes the Logistic Regression Recursive Feature Elimination (LR-RFE) method to identify the important features. LR, RF and AdaBoost classifiers are chosen to build Ensemble machine-learning models including techniques like bagging, majority voting, and stacking. Random search and grid search techniques have also been employed to optimize the hyperparameters. The authors applied the Cleveland dataset accessible on Kaggle and data scaling was performed using the standard scalar method. Performance measures were used to assess effectiveness, including accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and computational time, and were validated through 5-Fold cross-validation. The suggested approach achieved a 90.16% accuracy rate, requiring only 0.2 seconds of computational time, and yielded an AUC of 0.892.
Novel maternal risk factors for preeclampsia prediction using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Devi Seeta , Gupta Harshita , R Harikrishnan , Mandrupkar Gorakh
Published: October 2024

Preeclampsia and eclampsia are the most common obstetric disorders associated with poor outcomes for women, fetuses, and newborns throughout the perinatal period. The study’s primary objective was to assess the accuracy of novel high-risk factors using MLA in predicting preeclampsia. The study included 400 pregnant women and used 27 novel high-risk factors to predict preeclampsia. The target variables for predicting preeclampsia are systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Various algorithms, including DT, RF, Gradient Boosting, SVM, K-Neighbors, LGBM, MLP, Ada Boost Classifier, and Extra Trees Classifier are used in the analysis. The accuracy and precision of the LGBM Classifier (0.85 and 0.9583 with F1 0.7188), Support Vector Classifier (0.8417 and 0.92 with F1 0.7077), Decision Tree (0.825 and 0.913 with F1 0.6667), and Extra Trees (0.8167 and 0.9091 with F1 0.6452) are found to be better algorithms for prediction of preeclampsia than those of the other models used in the study. According to the novel high-risk factors score, 17.5% of pregnant women were identified as being at high risk for preeclampsia during the first trimester, which increased to 18.7% in 3rd trimester; in addition, 16% of pregnant women had a BP of 140/90 mmHg and the above. Novel, high-risk scores and MLA can effectively predict preeclampsia at an early period.
An Ensemble Framework Augmenting Surveillance Cameras for Detecting Intruder Clusters as Potential Mobs
Authors: Esan Omobayo Ayokunle , Osunmakinde Isaac O.
Published: October 2024

Many developing nations around the world curtail crimes through video surveillance technology, but the crime rate is still high. This is compounded by short-staffed security operatives and a deficiency of security infrastructure to assist security operatives with knowledge-driven decision support systems in the low-resource constraint environment. In a public environment, it is challenging to detect intruder clusters accurately as potential mobs for early warning. Previous research investigated some classical techniques, but their recommendations were insufficient. This research develops a Machine Learning (ML) 3-tiers Ensemble framework, which integrates Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrices (GLCM) principles to enhance the capabilities of surveillance cameras and security operatives to effectively discern and respond to potential mob formations. The University of California San Diego (UCSD) pedestrian datasets that are publicly available were used for the experiments. With an improved overall average precision of 0.98, recall of 0.98, and accuracy of 98.52% on the UCSD dataset, the suggested framework outperforms the widely used methods for the detection of intruder clusters. The reduction in computational time on processors showcases the framework's significant advancements as a promising solution for robust real-time threat assessment applications.
A detection model of aggressive driving behavior based on hybrid deep learning
Authors: Khalid Noor Walid , Abdullah Wisam Dawood
Published: October 2024

Modern transportation faces a crucial challenge in ensuring road safety by addressing driving behavior concerns. This paper introduces an innovative deep learning model derived from a cellphone-collected Driving Behavior dataset, focusing on detecting and classifying aggressive driving. Using a cohort-based dataset, a hyper-deep learning model categorizes drivers into normal, slow, and aggressive groups. The system employs pre-processing methods and two methodologies, directly inputting data and incorporating feature selection. The hyper-CNN-Dense model, used for training, shows promising results. Feature selection techniques like SVD6 and MI6 achieve optimal outcomes, with a 100% accuracy rate in detecting aggressive driving. Notably, SVD6 boasts a short processing time of just 43 seconds. This research successfully identifies aggressive driving behavior with impeccable accuracy and in a remarkably short timeframe.
Manual de coleta de madeira para ensino e pesquisa
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Biociências, Alecio Paula , Gerolamo Caian S. ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Biociências, Freire Guilherme ,   Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Teixeira-Costa Luiza ,   Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Godoy-Veira Milena ,   Universidade de Tuscia, Ceccantini Gregório ,   Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Biociências
Published: October 2024

Este guia foi escrito por profissionais que passaram pelo dia a dia das coleções botânicas do Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo. Com este volume, pretende-se atender o público geral que se interessa por botânica, bem como estudantes, técnicos e pesquisadores de áreas afins que, em algum momento, podem se deparar com a possibilidade de contribuir com os acervos de madeiras existentes no Brasil. O guia tem como principal objetivo apresentar os procedimentos para coleta e armazenamento de amostras de madeira que se destinem a xilotecas (coleções de madeira), num esforço para estimular o crescimento destas coleções, além de padronizar e elevar a qualidade das informações associadas às amostras. Neste guia, o leitor encontrará todas as informações necessárias para realizar uma coleta de madeira de forma ética e com qualidade adequada para uso científico, independentemente de qual parte da planta a amostra seja proveniente. Ao final, o leitor poderá encontrar ainda, uma planilha listando todos os materiais necessários e recomendados para cada tipo de coleta, além de uma lista de contatos das diversas xilotecas brasileiras para o depósito das amostras coletadas
Síndrome de Abstinência Alcoólica
Authors: Souza Natália Mota de , Corrêa-Oliveira Gabriel Elias , Pessoa Rebeca Mendes de Paula
Published: October 2024

A síndrome de abstinência alcoólica (SAA) é uma das principais complicações do uso patológico do álcool, podendo ocorrer em até 50% dos pacientes que reduzem ou cessam o uso de etílicos. É caracterizada por um estado de hiperativação autonômica, e possui alta morbimortalidade devido a sua associação com quadros de pneumonia aspirativa, distúrbios hidroeletrolíticos, arritmias, crises convulsivas e delirium tremens (DT). O objetivo principal deste artigo é introduzir o estudante de graduação em medicina e o médico não especialista na identificação e no manejo adequado dessa condição. Os autores discutem aspectos epidemiológicos, etiológicos, clínicos e terapêuticos da SAA.
Manejo do delirium para o clínico geral
Authors: Lisboa João Roberto Fernandes , Izycki Luis Felipe , Conforti Hernani , Sponholz Junior Alcion
Published: October 2024

This paper is part of a larger project in medical education regarding central themes in psychiatry and aims to improve the clinical knowledge of medical students and practitioners both. Given the high prevalence of delirium in hospital settings and the poor prognosis associated with it, it is of the utmost importance that not only its adequate management is known, but also measures to prevent it are implemented widely. Delirium is a clinical syndrome in which the main components are altered attention, fluctuating level of consciousness, and disorganized thought; generally, symptoms fluctuate in intensity during the day. Delirium has hyperactive, hypoactive, and mixed presentations. Prevalence is higher in critically ill patients and its presentation denotes a worse prognosis; therefore, its early detection and prevention are paramount. Treatment consists of treating base causes, precipitating factors, and administering antipsychotic medications, commonly haloperidol for hyperactive forms.
Entrevista psiquiátrica no paciente agudo
Authors: Castro Raphael Antonio Medeiros de , Del-Ben Cristina Marta
Published: October 2024

A entrevista médica é a principal forma para coleta de informações no cuidado de um paciente. Em um cenário de urgência, a avaliação psiquiátrica muitas vezes é feita por um médico não-especialista. Por isso, ter uma estrutura de entrevista para guiar a avaliação e determinar as condutas é essencial para todo médico.
Metáfora conceptual y discurso judicial: un estudio de caso
Authors: Cucatto Mariana , Sosa Toribio Enrique , Rojas Edgardo Gustavo
Published: October 2024

Given that metaphor is generally conceived as a resource inherent to specific discursive fields, such as Literature, the Legal Tradition has not demonstrated substantial interest in considering it as a field of reflection. From a cognitivist standpoint, however, metaphor is assumed as a ubiquitous mental mechanism in various spheres of discourse. Adopting this theoretical-methodological perspective, we conduct an interdisciplinary analysis of a socially, politically, and legally significant ruling in recent Argentine History. We examine the most relevant conceptual metaphors in the justification of the resulting decision, identifying two schematic images that intertwine as complex and recurrent elements in the text. These images not only facilitate the argumentation of the involved magistrates but also aid in the understanding of the resolution by all its recipients, namely, the diverse audience comprising all the citizens of this nation. In our work, we aspire to integrate these reflections into the framework of Legal Discourse, which requires an interdisciplinary approach, along at least the three epistemological guidelines of law, language, and cognition.
Entre a dêixis e a debreagem: contribuições da Linguística Textual e da Semiótica Discursiva na abordagem didática de pronomes em textos
Authors: Guerra Junior Antonio Lemes , Oliveira Lolyane Cristina Guerreiro de , Silveira Ana Paula Pinheiro da
Published: October 2024

O ensino de Língua Portuguesa, em conformidade com referenciais normativos, especialmente a BNCC, assume o texto como unidade de ensino. Por meio dele, o texto, professores devem buscar o desenvolvimento de competências de seus alunos para os diferentes usos das linguagens, plurais, múltiplas. Nesse amplo espectro, a “língua” deve também ser mobilizada, de modo que se reconheçam os mecanismos que engendram sentidos nele, o texto. Partindo da premissa de que elementos linguísticos devem ser estudados, em sala de aula, de modo contextualizado, este artigo apresenta uma proposta de abordagem de pronomes, com ênfase nos efeitos de sentido deles decorrentes. Para isso, selecionando como objeto uma canção integrante da cultura sertaneja contemporânea (Troca de calçada, de Marília Mendonça), o artigo parte de intersecções entre princípios teóricos advindos tanto da Linguística Textual quanto da Semiótica Discursiva, exemplificando a possibilidade de um trabalho docente com a leitura sustentado em uma base teórica interseccional.
O político da linguagem em Special, de Lizzo: uma análise semântico-enunciativa
Authors: Souza Wendone Pereira de , Silva Eliuse Sousa
Published: October 2024

This descriptive-interpretative study analyzes the functioning of the political aspect of language in the translation of the composition Special, interpreted by Lizzo. It is based on the framework of the Historical Semantics of Enunciation (Guimarães, 2002, 2006, 2007b, 2018). Through the description of the enunciative space and the argumentative orientation, it was found that the political aspect is manifested throughout the enunciation, by the establishment of discursive memories related to racism, fatphobia, media, social exclusion, self-acceptance and Lizzo’s own history/path. These statements intertwine, retracing and re-signifying, transversely, the possibilities of constructed meanings. The political meaning is evidenced by the struggle and constant effort of the Speaker to define her space in the world, as well as the space of the minoritized groups (fat people, black people, and women) that she represents through self-affirmations, which challenge the established hierarchy and other exclusionary representations.
Strategies for motion- and respiration-robust estimation of fMRI intrinsic neural timescales
Authors: Goldberg Andrew , Rosario Isabella , Power Jonathan , Horga Guillermo , Wengler Kenneth
Published: October 2024

Intrinsic neural timescales (INT) reflect the time window of neural integration within a brain region and can be measured via resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Despite the potential relevance of INT to cognition, brain organization, and neuropsychiatric illness, the influences of physiological artifacts on rs-fMRI INT have not been systematically considered. Two artifacts, head motion and respiration, pose serious issues in rs-fMRI studies. Here, we described their impact on INT estimation and tested the ability of two denoising strategies for mitigating these artifacts, high-motion frame censoring and global signal regression (GSR). We used a subset of the Human Connectome Project Young Adult (HCP-YA) dataset with runs annotated for breathing patterns (Lynch et al., 2020) and at least one “clean” (reference) run that had minimal head motion and no respiration artifacts; other runs from the same participants (n = 46) were labeled as “non-clean.” We found that non-clean runs exhibited brain-wide increases in INT compared with their respective clean runs and that the magnitude of error in INT between non-clean and clean runs correlated with the amount of head motion. Importantly, effect sizes were comparable with INT effects reported in the clinical literature. GSR and high-motion frame censoring improved the similarity between INT maps from non-clean runs and their respective clean run. Using a pseudo-random frame-censoring approach, we uncovered a relationship between the number of censored frames and both the mean INT and mean error, suggesting that frame censoring itself biases INT estimation. A group-level correction procedure reduced this bias and improved similarity between non-clean runs and their respective clean run. Based on our findings, we offer recommendations for rs-fMRI INT studies, which include implementing GSR and high-motion frame censoring with Lomb–Scargle interpolation of censored frames, and performing group-level correction of the bias introduced by frame censoring.
Accelerating the Digital Transition
Authors: Sona Federica
Published: October 2024

Investigating the potential compatibility between the ongoing shariʿa-compliant cyber reforms with the standards enshrined in the European Declaration on Digital Rights and Principles, the article regards the contemporary European digital agenda as a point of reference to examine the variegated Muslim responses to modern technologies, including virtual Islamic (e-)counseling. Comparing Western and Islamic attitudes toward the usage of robotics and a (human-centric) artificial intelligence, it becomes clear that these tools must support individuals, being Islamic scholars or Western legal professionals. While skillfully relying on different languages and transcending domestic borders, European Islamic bodies can also engage in synergetic collaborations with state institutions at inter/national levels by aligning themselves with the cyber reorientation of the digital public space.
Narrating Ecopolitics and the Poetics of Slow Violence in Imbolo Mbue’s How Beautiful We Were
Authors: Tournay-Theodotou Petra
Published: October 2024

In her second novel How Beautiful We Were (2021), the Cameroonian-American writer Imbolo Mbue addresses the devastating environmental and human consequences of Big Oil on a community in a fictional African setting. In this article I investigate the power of narratives to evoke environmental injustice and discuss the narrative strategies and dominant themes employed in this ‘oil novel’ to depict the violent disruptions experienced by the environment and the members of the community. While my reading is guided by insights gained from the work of a number of postcolonial environmental critics, several of the concepts proposed by Rob Nixon (2011) have proven especially useful. More precisely, in this article I explore issues such as the power of literary representation and narrative strategies, the impact of colonial legacies and post-independence conditions, neo-colonial realities of toxic imperialism, and their repercussions on cultural identity and environmental integrity.
Creative Imagination, Justice, and Nothingness: Reflections on the “Force” in the Works of Karatani Kōjin and Nakamura Yūjiro
Authors: Matsui Nobuyuki
Published: October 2024

This paper compares the ideas of Japanese philosophers Karatani Kōjin1 (1941–) and Nakamura Yūjirō (1925–2017) on the role of “force” in shaping imagination. This idea of “force” will be examined. Notably, Karatani criticized Nakamura for trying to combine the idea of the “place of nothingness” initially introduced by Nishida Kitarō with the distinctive logic of the Japanese language, which seemed to be insular nationalism. However, this paper argues that we can shed new light on their differences regarding imagination and the idea of “force.” “Force” is the repressed impersonal that returns to the social reality, requiring us to go beyond the existing code of order. Indeed, Nakamura and Karatani explore the possibility of reconstructing the power of imagination after the end of the “grand narrative” and in the postmodern age. This paper emphasizes the role of “nothingness” and different approaches to reformulating it into the field of “force,” finding a new horizon of justice along the way. In doing so, this paper will argue that while Nakamura developed his philosophy of creative imagination in the field of “force” as the surrounding environment, Karatani limited “force” to the plane of social exchange. This comparative view can be more interactive in the age of economic and climate risks if we focus more on the philosophical genealogy of “nothingness.”
South American Acanthocinini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae): new species, synonymy, description of females, and notes
Authors: MONNÉ MIGUEL A. , BOTERO JUAN PABLO , OLIVIER RENAN DA SILVA , SANTOS-SILVA ANTONIO
Published: October 2024

Eucharitolus Bates, 1885 is divided into two informal groups of species, and its provisional features are reported. The females of Eucharitolus longus Botero & Monné, 2012, and Xenocona senticosa (Monné & Martins, 1976) are described for the first time and both species are newly recorded from Bolivia. New state records are provided for Eucharitolus lituratus (Melzer, 1934) and E. spilotus Botero & Monné, 2012. Eucharitolus geometricus (Tippmann, 1960) is transferred to a new genus, which is included in a previous key. A new species of Eucharitolus, E. thomazi, is described from Brazil (São Paulo) and an updated key to the genus is provided. Lepturdrys Gilmour, 1960 is reinstated and a new species, L. capixaba, is described from Brazil. Notes and new record for Lepturges (Lepturges) melzeri Gilmour, 1959 are provided. Urgleptes ovalis (Bates, 1866) is transferred to Lepturges (Lepturges) Bates, 1863. A new species of Lepturges (Lepturges), L. (L.) dubius, is described from Bolivia; Nealcidion zigzag sp. nov. is described from Bolivia. Lophopoeum paiolai Monné et al., 2023 is synonymized with L. kawense Roguet, 2022, and a new country record is provided. Misidentifications of Lophopoeum meridianum Fisher, 1938, L. fuliginosum Bates, 1863, and L. bimaculatum (Gilmour, 1961) are reported. The presence of erect setae on elytra of the type species of Lophopoenopsis Melzer, 1931 is reported for the first time, and the genus is included in a previous key.
Revision of Madagascan Cleridae (Coleoptera: Cleroidea). Part I.—The genus Biflabelotillus Pic, 1949 (Tillinae)
Authors: PAVEL FILIP , PURCHART LUBOŠ
Published: October 2024

The genus Biflabelotillus Pic, 1949 is reviewed and a new species B. bicolorus sp. nov. is described. The female of Biflabelotillus peyrierasi Menier, 1979 is reported with remarks on the sexually dimorphic morphology and colour variation. Lectotype is designated for Biflabelotillus foveolatus Pic, 1949. Photographs of habitus and significant morphological features, new faunistic data and a key to the species are provided.
Study of Chinese Anostostomatidae (Orthoptera: Ensifera) XI: One new species Anabropsis (Apteranabropsis) from Tianlin, Guangxi
Authors: BIAN XUN
Published: October 2024

Anabropsis (Apteranabropsis) brevistria sp. nov. is described and illustrated for the first time and can be identified by the longitudinal yellowish brown stripe on the pronotal disc and the morphology of the male subgenital plate which bears roughly a V-shaped concavity. All the specimens are deposited in Guangxi Normal University.
4. Les lieux de spectacle forains de Maurice Vonderbeck et Jeanne Godefroy au tournant du XVIIIe siècl
Authors: Porot Bertrand
Published: October 2024

Cette étude s’attache à décrire les salles foraines des troupes d’acrobates les plus florissantes et les plus appréciées, comme celle de Maurice Vonderbeck, dit Maurice, et Jeanne Godefroy son épouse. Elle se fonde sur un ensemble de documents d’archives, dont certains sont inédits : ils permettent de mieux connaître l’installation, les dimensions, les décors ou le mobilier de ces salles, dès les années 1680. Elles accueillaient des spectacles d’acrobates ou d’opéras-comiques qui participaient à l’intense vie théâtrale parisienne et qui remportaient une vive adhésion du public.

This study describes the fairground theaters of the most successful and popular acrobatic troupes, such as that of Maurice Vonderbeck, known as Maurice, and his wife Jeanne Godefroy. It is based on a series of archives, some of which have never been published before: they provide a better understanding of the installation, dimensions, decor and furniture of these venues, from the 1680s onwards. They hosted acrobats and comic operas, which were part of the intense theatrical life in Paris, and were very popular with the public.
5. Brève de méthodologie : Une « rétro-architecture » pour l’histoire des spectacles
Authors: François Paul
Published: October 2024

Restituer un théâtre disparu du XVIIIe siècle impose de s’intéresser à des sources de nature différente. Pour le projet VESPACE (Virtual Early Modern Spectacles and Publics, Active and Collaborative Environnement), nous avons développé une méthodologie permettant de tirer parti au mieux de la spécificité de ces documents et de la technologie d’immersion en réalité virtuelle : la rétro-architecture. Elle consiste à reproduire non seulement l’environnement tel qu’il est représenté dans les sources graphiques ou décrit dans des sources littéraires, mais également – c’est la spécificité de cette méthode – à restituer un espace compatible avec les usages attestés et décrits dans une multitude de sources. La rétro-architecture a été appliquée pour VESPACE à un théâtre de marionnettes à la Foire Saint-Germain, dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle et on la suit ici grâce à cinq images clés.

Restoring a lost eighteenth-century theater requires the examination of a variety of sources. For the VESPACE (Virtual Early Modern Spectacles and Publics, Active and Collaborative Environnement) project, we have developed a methodology that takes full advantage of the specific nature of these documents and of virtual reality immersion technology: retro-architecture. This involves not only reproducing an environment as depicted in graphic or literary sources, but also – and this is specific to this method – restoring a space compatible with the uses attested and described in a multitude of sources. Retro-architecture was applied for VESPACE to a puppet theater at the Foire Saint-Germain in the second half of the eighteenth century. In this chapter, this method is summarized in five key images.
Lengthening Atlantic Hurricane Seasons with Earlier Storm Formation Dates Including Implications from 2020
Authors: Keim B. D. , Hamilton L. C. , Brown V. M. , Klotzbach P. J. , Lewis A. B. , Thompson D. T.
Published: October 2024

This paper analyzes the formation dates of the nth storm in a sequence for all named North Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) and assesses whether the intraseasonal length of the Atlantic hurricane season has changed temporally. The record-breaking 2020 season, with 30 named storms, set records for the earliest third TC formation (Cristobal) and from the sixth TC (Fay) onward. Analysis of season length from 1851 to 2022 identifies only one statistically significant breakpoint detected in the early 1970s, roughly coinciding with the introduction of satellite observations. Since 1970, we also find a trend toward longer North Atlantic hurricane seasons. The 1971–2022 trend is robust and statistically significant, whether assessed as the number of days between the first and last storm or by the distance between intermediate percentiles (e.g., 10th–90th and 15th–85th). These increases are mainly associated with storms forming earlier in the calendar year and are best described as an upward trend rather than a stepwise shift between eras. Although a simple trend fits better than a stepwise model, improvement falls short of significance, so we do not formally reject the stepwise hypothesis. If, following this hypothesis, the 1950–2022 period is segmented into a high-activity era (HAE1; 1950–69), a low-activity era (LAE; 1970–94), and second high-activity era (HAE2; 1995–2022), the median season length of HAE2 is 12 days longer than in the first HAE, but this difference is not statistically significant (p = 0.58) and could be explained by the substantial difference in the observational network. The median season length in both HAE1 and HAE2 are significantly longer (by 36 and 48 days, respectively) than the intervening LAE.
The Causal Relation within Air–Sea Interaction as Inferred from Observations
Authors: Yang Yang , Huang Rui Xin , San Liang X. , Liu Zhiyu , Hu Jianyu , Zhao Yuhui , Fu Guanqi
Published: October 2024

The intricate cause–effect relations in air–sea interaction are investigated using a quantitative causal inference formalism. The formalism is first validated with a classical stochastic coupled model and then applied to the observational time series of sea surface temperature (SST) and air–sea turbulent surface heat flux (SHF). We identify an overall asymmetry of causality between the two variables, namely, the causality from SHF to SST is significantly larger than that from SST to SHF over most of the global oceans. Geographically, the coupling is strongest in the tropics and gets weaker substantially in the extratropics. In the midlatitude ocean, SST makes higher contributions to the SHF variability in frontal regions. We further show that the identified causality is space and time scale dependent. The dominance of SHF driving SST occurs at basin scales, whereas the dominance of SST driving SHF mostly occurs at scales smaller than 10°. The causalities in both directions get larger with increasing time scale and are less asymmetric at longer time scales. The seasonality of the causality is also discussed here.
Spiralling Inverse Method: A New Inverse Method to Estimate Ocean Mixing
Authors: Kusters N. , Groeskamp S. , McDougall T. J.
Published: October 2024

Here, we introduce the Spiralling Inverse Method (SIM) that provides estimates of the small-scale and mesoscale mixing strength. The SIM uses a vertical integral over a balance between the water mass transformation equation and the thermal wind equation. The result is an equation where all terms, except for the mixing strengths, can be obtained from hydrographic data of temperature and salinity. As an advantage, the SIM estimates the mixing strengths without the need for further knowledge of a reference velocity or streamfunction. Here, we apply the SIM to a small region in the North Atlantic. We find that the estimates obtained by the SIM compare well to observations and other (inverse) estimates of the mixing strength. The SIM therefore has the potential to improve and constrain parameterizations used for climate and ecosystem modeling using readily available hydrographic data.

Significance Statement

Ocean mixing is a combination of many different physical processes over a large range of scales in time (from seconds to years) and space (from millimeters to 100 km). Most of these processes are too small to compute in climate models and need to be simplified (parameterized). These parameterizations have a strong influence on climate projections, and their shape and magnitude need to be constrained using observations and indirect estimates of ocean mixing strength. The Spiralling Inverse Method (SIM) is a new method to obtain such constraints of mixing strengths using readily available observations of temperature and salinity. We here test the SIM and confirm its potential to improve mixing estimates and therewith ultimately climate simulations.
Addressing Challenges Associated with Training Sample Sizes for Effective Calibration of NWP Precipitation Forecasts
Authors: Yang Qichun , Wang Quan J. , Western Andrew W. , Graham Tristan
Published: October 2024

Effective calibration of precipitation forecasts produced by numerical weather prediction (NWP) models faces challenges associated with the training sample size. Newly operationalized NWP models may only accumulate a small number of forecasts and thus may limit robust parameter inference in forecast calibration. It is necessary to investigate how the performance of forecast calibration changes with the amount of training data, to determine an effective training sample size. In this study, we thoroughly investigate the impacts of training sample size on precipitation forecast calibration based on the seasonally coherent calibration (SCC) model across Australia. Overall, the performance of the model tends to stabilize in most parts of Australia when raw forecasts of 10 months or longer are used for parameter inference. Whether the training dataset cover wet months substantially affects forecast calibration. The findings of this study are critical for understanding the impacts of training sample size on forecast calibration and will provide implications for future forecast calibration and the generation of hindcasts.

Significance Statement

Numerical weather prediction (NWP) models have been widely used to predict future precipitation. The predictions often need to be improved to correct systematic errors, which can be achieved by training the predictions on previous forecasts. How much training data are needed for effective error correction remains unclear. We investigate how training sample sizes affect error correction and validate that the seasonally coherent calibration model could correct weather prediction errors using a small amount of training data in Australia, effectively addressing challenges related to training sample size in the postprocessing of NWP forecasts.
Breaking Down Stereotypes by Realizing Women’s Interests: Gender and Its Impact on Legislative Consensus
Authors: Carrasco Beatriz , Mota Fabiola , Bermúdez Sandra
Published: October 2024

The presence of women in legislatures has steadily increased over the past 2 decades, prompting numerous studies to explore the role of women in politics. This article focuses on Spain to analyze how women contribute to parliamentary consensus, a rarely explored but necessary topic in times of polarization and political conflict. The combination of aggregated and member of parliaments’ individual-level data provides a holistic approach to assessing how women operate in legislatures and their predisposition to political conflict. Aggregated findings show that an increase in female political representation does not go hand in hand with more legislative consensus, only when gender laws are approved. Similarly, the individual-level results show the importance of political parties in shaping attitudes toward conflict. Female parliamentarians present less consensual attitudes in the most extreme ideological parties: Podemos and VOX. However, no gender differences exist in the mainstream parties of the PSOE (Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party) and PP (People’s Party). These findings also highlight the institutional and party barriers that women may face when developing their “know-how” in politics.
Understanding Conflict Dynamics in Spanish Parliament: MPs’ Personality Traits and Attitudes Toward Conflict
Authors: Galais Carol , Bermúdez Sandra
Published: October 2024

This study addresses the gap in research on individual-level factors contributing to parliamentary conflict by developing a measure of members of parliaments’ (MPs) conflict attitudes and examining the role of personality traits. Utilizing a comprehensive framework and validated measures, we aim to provide insights into the factors influencing MPs’ propensity for conflict and resistance to consensus. Our findings reveal that personality traits related to Agreeableness and Machiavellianism are significant predictors of conflict attitudes. These results deepen our understanding of the micro-foundations of parliamentary conflict and inform strategies for promoting cooperation and constructive political behavior in legislatures.
Open Innovation in the Age of AI
Authors: Holgersson Marcus , Dahlander Linus , Chesbrough Henry , Bogers Marcel L. A. M.
Published: October 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance, enable, or replace traditional open innovation (OI) practices, changing the scope and efficiency of both outside-in and inside-out OI. This article provides a comprehensive framework to analyze AI’s influence on OI, supported by illustrative examples, and outlines the key implications for organizations and researchers. The co-evolutionary relationship between AI and OI will be a central focus in both research and practice moving forward.
The Therapeutic Use of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Human Clinical Trials
Authors: Ivanovski S. , Han P. , Peters O.A. , Sanz M. , Bartold P.M.
Published: October 2024

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), characterized by their undifferentiated and multipotent nature, can be derived from various sources, including bone marrow, adipose, and dental tissues. Among these, dental MSCs (DSCs) exhibit universal MSC characteristics and are attracting considerable attention for regenerating oral and craniofacial tissues. This review provides a contemporary overview of recently published clinical studies using DSCs for various orodental and maxillofacial regenerative applications, including bone, periodontal, and endodontic regeneration. It also explores the utilization of DSCs in treating systemic conditions, exemplified by their application in managing conditions such as COVID-19 and osteoarthritis. The available evidence underscores the potential of DSCs and their secretome as efficacious tools in regenerative medicine for both dental and nondental clinical applications, supporting the continued promise of stem cell–based therapies. It is nevertheless evident that there are a number of important challenges that restrict the widespread utilization of DSCs, namely, difficulty in standardizing autologous preparations, insufficient cell surface marker characterization, high production costs, and regulatory compliance requirements. Further, the unique requirements of dental applications, especially complex structures such as the periodontium, where temporospatial control over the healing process is required, necessitate the combination of stem cells with appropriate scaffolds according to the principles of tissue engineering. There is currently insufficient evidence to support the clinical translation of DSCs into clinical practice, and phase 3 clinical trials with standardized protocols for cell sourcing, propagation, dosing, and delivery are required to move the field forward. In summary, this review provides a contemporary overview of the evolving landscape of stem cell therapy, offering insights into the latest developments and trends as well as the challenges that need to be addressed for the widespread application of DSC-based cell therapies.
Publishing Preparation, Experiences, and Expectations of Music Education Faculty in Higher Education
Authors: Koner Karen , Gee Jennifer
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore research and publishing preparation, experiences, and expectations of music education faculty members employed at higher education institutions. We developed the Publishing Preparation and Expectations Survey (PPES) to examine music education faculty members’ current areas of research, peer-reviewed journals they read and published in, and their experiences with peer reviewers. Utilizing the Directory of Music Faculties from the College Music Society, we distributed the PPES to 1,081 music education faculty members across 487 higher education institutions in the United States, resulting in 179 responses. The participants self-reported as predominantly White ( n = 157, 87.7%), female ( n = 101, 56.4%), and possessing a PhD ( n = 145, 81.0%). Additionally, 83 participants (46.4%) initially submitted a research article for publication in a peer-reviewed music education journal during their doctoral programs. Participants anticipated publishing an average of 11.44 articles ( SD = 8.89) for promotion to associate professor and had an average of 9.81 ( SD = 11.02) peer-reviewed research articles previously published. Finally, participants shared their experiences with peer reviewers using descriptors such as “discouraging,” “harsh,” and “cruel.”
Catholic Sacraments of Initiation and Religious/Spiritual Pathways to Well-Being in Emerging Adulthood: Longitudinal Evidence from the United States
Authors: Upenieks Laura
Published: October 2024

Recent evidence suggests that participation in Catholic sacramental life has declined over the last few decades, which indicates diminished fidelity to significant elements of the faith. Against this backdrop, this study draws on nationally representative longitudinal data from the National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR) to test for an association between receipt of two Sacraments of Initiation in the Catholic faith (First Eucharist, Confirmation) in adolescence and well-being several years later in emerging adulthood. Results from structural equation models (SEM) of 308 Catholics suggests that receiving First Eucharist was associated with lower depression and better self-rated health in emerging adulthood. No such association was observed for receiving the sacrament of Confirmation. The association between First Eucharist and well-being was mediated by more frequent attendance, higher religious salience, and greater perceived closeness to God. This is the first study to examine the link between receiving two Catholic Sacraments of Initiation and well-being using national longitudinal data, representing an important extension of traditional religion and health research which has, until now, excluded the role of the sacraments. We discuss the sociological and pastoral implications of our findings for the Catholic faith in the context of a changing society.
The Russian Revolution and photography: The tragic paradoxes of canonisation
Authors: Fowler Bridget
Published: October 2024

Bourdieu (et al.’s) Photography contends that it is the fate of photography to remain for ever ‘a middlebrow art’. This is partly because its technological character is held to be inimical to canonisation as a high art-form, but also because it lacks a class willing to invest time in its reception. Here, I argue, Bourdieu has been proved wrong: photography has now been consecrated, including, ironically, his own photography. Support for this claim is drawn from the field of art in Russia. The Russian Revolution and the Constructivist movement brought into the public gaze artists such as Rodchenko, El Lissitzky and Valentina Kulagina, who saw photography as one of a series of genres that might renovate the social order and transforms the public’s habitual perception. Photography became central in the movement to replace Academic art and thus a key route to photography’s consecration. However, as Benjamin pointed out there is a danger of decontextualising and ‘eternalising’ the photographs or photomontages that make the transition into the art museum. They may remain neither the art of the community from which they emerged, nor be recognised as an expressive resource for later dominated groups; instead such canonised works may become a status adornment of those with cultural capital.
Translating ‘Understanding’/ understanding translation: A reflexive approach
Authors: Bielsa Esperança
Published: October 2024

This article has its starting point in an apparently marginal undertaking: Bridget Fowler’s translation of Pierre Bourdieu’s ‘Comprendre’, a methodologically oriented chapter which appeared at the end of the collectively authored book La Misère du monde. Its objective is to show how translation, beyond its apparent marginality, is in fact a key component of sociological practice, and inseparable from sociological interpretation and theorizing. Because of this, translation can provide an original and unexpected point of view that sheds light on little considered sociological matters and relations which usually escape from critical consideration. First, Fowler’s translation is discussed in the context of her critical engagement with Bourdieu’s sociology. Second, sociological approaches to the mostly neglected craft of academic translation are examined. Third, the project of a reflexive sociology is related to that of reflexive translation through what can be characterized as a translational sociology.