bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effects of crude extracts and chromatographic fractions of Morinda morindoides root bark in diabetic rats
Authors: Olukunle Johnny Olufemi , Abatan Matthew Oluwole , Adenubi Olubukola Tolulope , Amusan Timothy Adeolu
Published: January 2013

Hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic effects of different extracts and fractions of root bark from the plantMorinda morindoides(Baker) Milne-Redh of the familyRubiaceaewere evaluated in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The aqueous and methanolic extracts were administered to 48 rats orally at a dose of 400 mg·kg-1for 21 days.Fractions (hydromethanol, hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate) from bio-activity guided fractionation and chromatographic sub fractions (CsF) A-F from accelerated gradient chromatography were also evaluated in 45 rats for the hypoglycaemic activity at doses of 400 mg·kg-1, 200 mg·kg-1and 100 mg·kg-1of solvent fractions and (CsF) A-F, respectively. Glibenclamide was used as positive control. Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and distilled water administered to rats were used as negative controls. The dose of 400 mg·kg-1of aqueous and methanolic extracts and 100 mg·kg-1of chloroformCsFB ofMorinda morindoidescaused (62.8%, 56% and 74%, respectively) reductions in blood glucose level (BGL). The aqueous extract caused significant (P< 0.05) decreases in the values of serum cholesterol (133.48 ± 1.1) mg·dl-1, low density lipoprotein (66.38 ± 2.5) mg·dl-1and significant (P< 0.05) increase in the value of high density lipoprotein (51.03 ± 3.0) mg·dl-1when compared to the control. These results confirm the folkloric claim of the hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic activities ofMorinda morindoidesroot bark.
Developing a National Collaborative Approach to Prevent Domestic Homicides: Domestic Homicide Review Committees
Authors: Jaffe Peter G. , Dawson Myrna , Campbell Marcie
Published: January 2013

Canadian perspectives on domestic homicide review and prevention were discussed at a 2010 national think-tank held in London, Ontario. The think-tank brought together practitioners, researchers, and government officials from 10 provinces and two territories to share regional experiences with domestic homicide reviews, to identify benefits and challenges of conducting reviews for domestic homicide prevention, and to outline promising practices that have been or may be implemented to address challenges. Think-tank members discussed both the differences and similarities of death review processes within individual provinces/territories and emerging issues and concerns around domestic violence death reviews. The final outcome of the think-tank was the identification of next steps in domestic homicide death review and prevention through various recommendations that support the future framework for research and practice in this area.
In the Mosaic: Jewish Identities in Canadian Performance and Installation Art
Authors: Zemel Carol
Published: January 2013

This essay considers contemporary Jewish installation and performance art in Canada. With an emphasis on diasporic and identity issues in Canada’s multicultural mosaic, the article focuses on works by Vera Frenkel, Melissa Shiff, and Tobaron Waxman, and explores their treatment of place and home, gender, and ritual.
The YICHUD Room: Performing Jewish Spaces
Authors: Schwartz Shira , Tepperman Julie , Willis Aaron
Published: January 2013

“The YICHUDRoom: Performing Jewish Spaces” explores the similarities between theatrical and ritual practices as exemplified in the Theatre Passe Muraille/Convergence Theatre production of YICHUD (Seclusion) by Julie Tepperman. The efficacy of both ritual and theatre lie in the strength and specificity of the intention(s) they communicate to their participants/audience, and the way in which they sanctify or sacralise space. YICHUD (Seclusion) offers a particularly interesting example of how ritual and theatre dovetail with each other as the play itself is set in the religiously observant world of orthodox Judaism. An examination of this play in performance, a play centred on Jewish wedding rituals, demonstrates the creation of a highly charged atmosphere that immerses the audience in an event that is religiously authentic and dramatically truthful.
My Life in Jewish Theatre: A Coming-Out Story
Authors: Gordon Kayla
Published: January 2013

Kayla Gordon looks back at almost 15 years of working in Jewish Theatre. She discusses her involvement with the Governor General’s Award-winning play Tangled Souls, a theatre piece developed with young people from Winnipeg and Norway House. She also reflects on her work as Artistic Director of the Winnipeg Jewish Theatre, Executive Director of the Association for Jewish Theatre, and her more recent role as Artistic Director of Winnipeg Studio Theatre. Along the way, she considers the future of Jewish theatre in Canada and the importance of reaching new audiences.
Jewish Theatre in Vancouver Has Chutzpah!
Authors: Lockitch Amanda
Published: January 2013

This article illustrates diverse Jewish Canadian theatrical experiences showcased at the Chutzpah! Festival by discussing two cutting edge productions: Kendra Fanconi’s The One That Got Away (2002) and Itai Erdal’s How to Disappear Completely. These productions demonstrate the growth of the Chutzpah! Festival from its 2001 inception to its current place as a leading annual arts festival in Vancouver. There is no distinguishable group that solely presents Jewish theatre in Vancouver, but its vibrant theatre community includes many individuals who create or participate in work that explores Jewish themes and material whether or not they themselves, or their collaborators, are Jewish.
Becoming Archive ribcage: this wide passage
Authors: Hermant Heather
Published: January 2013

Hermant describes ribcage: this wide passage (dir. Diane Roberts), which weaves together the story of “multi-crosser” Esther Brandeau (“first Jewish person in Canada”) with Hermant's archival search for this individual and with her own queer settler histories. This assemblage takes the form of what Hermant calls “ceremonial archival performance.” Photos demonstrate ribcage’s interdisciplinarity, featuring physical theatre, spoken word, video, and live fiddle.
Studio 180’s Political Engagements: Finding the Jewish Soul in Canadian Theatre
Authors: Levin Laura , Zatzman Belarie , Greenberg Joel
Published: January 2013

Laura Levin and Belarie Zatzman converse with Studio 180’s Artistic Director Joel Greenberg about Jewish theatre as an art of social justice. They discuss Studio 180 Theatre’s political mandate, its aim to provoke public discourse, and previous productions that have served as a form of community engagement. They also explore Studio 180’s staging of plays with intercultural themes, histories of racial conflict, and the oppression of minority groups. Studio 180 productions discussed here include: The Laramie Project, The Arab-Israeli Cookbook, Parade, Our Class, The Normal Heart, and Clybourne Park.
To Witness Mimesis: The Politics, Ethics, and Aesthetics of Testimonial Theatre inThrough the Wire
Authors: Wake Caroline
Published: January 2013

ABSTRACT:

This paper examines an Australian “verbatim play” about asylum seekers, Through the Wire, in order to consider the relationship between realism and witnessing in the theatre. It argues that verbatim or testimonial theatre is better understood as a form of realism than as a form of documentary theatre, as is usually the case. Current scholarship in both theatre and trauma studies criticizes realist approaches principally on ethical grounds, without necessarily accounting for a play’s political effects. Through an analysis of Through the Wire’s production and reception, I suggest that, while testimonial theatre may be ethically problematic, it can also be politically efficacious, precisely because of its realist aesthetics.
Terminal Falling Characteristics of a Sand Grain with Dufour and Soret Effects
Authors: Nasrin R. , Alim M. A.
Published: January 2013

The transient effect of double diffusive natural convection of flow in a differentially heated sand grain with Soret and Dufour coefficients is studied numerically. The right vertical wall has constant temperature Tc. The lower inlet opening is heated uniformly with fixed temperature Th and the velocity at the inlet of the fluid domain is set to the falling velocity Vi. The condition Th > Tc is maintained all over the domain. The concentration in right wall is maintained higher than inlet opening (Cc < Ch). The governing equations are solved numerically subject to appropriate boundary conditions by a penalty finite-element method. Solutions are obtained for fixed Prandtl number (Pr = 1.73), Rayleigh number (Ra = 104), Dufour coefficient (Df = 0.5) and Soret coefficient (Sr = 0.5). Transient analysis of the streamlines, isotherms, iso-concentration, falling velocity and forces on sand grain, the local and average Nusselt number and Sherwood number, temperature and concentration at subdomain centre as well as average form, subdomain horizontal and vertical velocities are presented graphically. It is found that the rate of heat transfer and mass transfer in the sand grain enhances and reduces respectively for shorter time periods and then they become almost steady.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.10003        J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 91-103 (2013)
Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Effects of Cucumber, White Pumpkin and Ridge Gourd in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Sharmin R. , Khan M. R. I. , Akhtar Most. A. , Alim A. , Islam M. A. , Anisuzzaman A. S. M. , Ahmed M.
Published: January 2013

Ethanolic extracts of some fruits of Cucurbitaceae family such as Cucumis sativus (cucumber), Lagenaria siceraria (white pumpkin), Luffa acutangula (ridge gourd), Benincasa hispida (ash gourd), Citrullus lanatus (sweet melon) and Cucarbita maxima (pumpkin) have been studied for their hypoglycemic effects on alloxan induced diabetic rats (AIDRs). Screening results suggested that among the tested fruits the hypoglycemic potency follows: cucumber > white pumpkin > ridge gourd. These three fruit-extracts were further investigated for their hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and glycogenesis effects. Cucumber, white pumpkin and ridge gourd extracts reduced blood glucose level by 67, 65 and 51%, respectively at 12 hours after single intraperitoneal injection; while reduced the low density lipoprotein (LDL) level to 13, 28 and 86%, respectively in AIDRs. The maximum reduction 87% was observed by cucumber extract. Cucumber, white pumpkin and ridge gourd extracts reduced total cholesterol level to 29, 15 and 38%, respectively comparing with the diabetic control group. Here the maximum reduction of 85% was observed by white pumpkin extract. Cucumber, white pumpkin and ridge gourd also reduced triglyceride levels to 72, 68 and 80%, respectively. Maximum reduction of 32% was observed by white pumpkin. Significant improvement of glycogenesis was also observed by ridge gourd extracts in AIDRs.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.10252        J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 161-170 (2013)
Numerical Study of the Routes toward Chaos of Natural Convection within an Inclined Enclosure
Authors: Kieno F. , Ouedraogo A. , Zongo O. M. , Bathiebo J. D. , Zeghmati B.
Published: January 2013

Two-dimensional numerical study of transient natural convection in an inclined cubic cavity filled with air using stream function-vorticity form for the Navier-Stokes equations has been carried out to explore the route toward chaos. The hot and cold vertical walls are maintained isothermal at temperature Tc and Th respectively and the other walls are adiabatic.  Two angles of inclination of the cavity 25° and 65° are considered. Transfers equations are solved using finite-difference discretization procedures. The study predicts various critical Rayleigh numbers for the two tilted angles characterizing the variation of the attractor behaviour and shows that the larger the Rayleigh number is, the more sensitive the attractor becomes to time step and meshes size. The routes toward the chaos followed by the attractor are: limit point / limit cycle / T2 torus / cycle fitted on a T2 torus / chaos / T2 torus / cycle fitted on a T2 torus / chaos when the Rayleigh number increases. The analysis confirms also the bifurcation of the attractor from a limit point to a limit cycle via an overcritical Hopf bifurcation for a Rayleigh number between 1.95x106 and 1.96x106.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.10709        J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 105-117 (2013)
Material Properties of Acetylated Jute-Mat Composites
Authors: Al-Mobarak T. , Gafur M. A. , Mina M. F.
Published: January 2013

Jute-mat (JM) reinforced polyvinylchloride (PVC) composites were prepared with various contents of acetylated and non-acetylated JM by heat-pressed method at 160 °C to obtain a neat PVC (NPVC), untreated PVC-JM composites (UC) and treated PVC-JM composites (TC). Structural, mechanical, surface morphological and thermal properties of a NPVC and a series of UC and TC were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, mechanical test and differential thermal analyses (DTA). Water intake (WI) measurements of these samples were also performed. FTIR spectra show distinct absorption peaks for NPVC and UC and TC, suggesting a modified surface texture of JM fiber. While the NPVC does not show any water absorption, the UC exhibit higher WI than TC, indicating that the hydrophilic moiety of JM is filled up by the acetyl group. Tensile strength, flexural strength, Youngs modulus and tangent modulus of TC are observed to be higher than those of NPVC and UC. Surface micrographs reveal a better adhesion between acetylated JM and PVC than between non-acetylated JM and PVC. The decomposing temperature of TC is observed to be higher than that of NPVC and UC. Enhancement of various properties of acetylated JM-PVC composites is elaborately discussed in this paper.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.11798         J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 13-23 (2013)
Physicochemical Properties and Antimicrobial Activity of Evaporated Extract of Cow Dung Against Some Pathogens
Authors: Waziri M. , Suleiman J. S.
Published: January 2013

The evaporated extract of cow dung is traditionally used in Northern Nigeria and Cameroun as food additive and in treatment of infectious diseases. In this study, the cow dung ash extract was prepared and tested for some elemental contents as well as the antimicrobial activity against Cyanobacteria (C.bacteria), Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus), Bacillus subtilis (B.subtilis) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) using different analytical techniques. The extract was highly basic with pH of 11.7 and the elements vary in the following decreasing order of concentration; K>Na>Mg>Ca>Fe>Al>Zn.  S. aureus was the most sensitive bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.082 mg/mL while B. subtilis was the least sensitive with MIC value of 4.3 mg/mL. The result of this study indicate that the extract can supplement the dietary Na and K requirements for the users and supports the folkloric use of the extract in treatment of infections.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.11962        J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 135-141 (2013)
Iron(III) Catalyzed Coupling of Aryl Halides: Synthesis of Terphenyl and Biphenyl Derivatives
Authors: Rahman M. J. , Debnath D.
Published: January 2013

Iron(III) mediated coupling of arylmagnesium halides with other aryl halides produced both homo- and cross-coupled products. The reaction of phenylmagnesium bromide with 1,4-dibromobenzene as well as with 4-chlorobromobenzene in presence of FeCl3 catalyst produced both cross-coupled p-terphenyl and homo-coupled biphenyl. Under the same condition only homo-coupled 4,4¢-dipropoxybiphenyl was obtained from 4-propoxyphenylmagnesium bromide. The coupling of 4-bromophenylmagnesium bromide with bromobenzene produced both homo- and cross-coupled biaryls.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.12207        J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 127-134 (2013)
Effect of Prandtl Number on Forced Convection in a Two Sided Open Enclosure Using Nanofluid
Authors: Parvin S. , Nasrin R. , Alim M. A. , Hossain N. F.
Published: January 2013

Analysis of Prandtl number effect on forced convective flow and thermal field characteristics inside an open cavity with porous wavy isothermal wall using water-CuO nanofluid have been performed numerically. The upper and lower surfaces are of temperature Th. The fluid enters from left and exits from right with initial velocity Ui and temperature Ti. Governing equations are discretized using the Finite Element Method. Simulation is carried out for a range of Prandtl number, Pr (from 1.47 to 8.81) and wave amplitude A (from 0 to 0.15) while Reynolds number, Re =100; Darcy number, Da = 100 and solid volume fraction,  = 5%. Results are presented in the form of streamlines, isothermal lines, rate of heat transfer, average temperature of the fluid and velocity at mid-height of the channel for various Pr and A. Increasing Pr and lessening A causes the enhancement of heat transfer rate.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.9641          J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 67-75 (2013)
Decay of Dusty Fluid MHD Turbulence for Four-point Correlation in a Rotating System
Authors: PK M. A. Bkar , Azad M. A. K. , Sarker M. S. A.
Published: January 2013

In this paper we have considered the dusty fluid MHD turbulence in a rotating system at four-point correlation. Here three and four-point correlations between fluctuating quantities have been considered and the quintuple correlations are neglected in comparison to the third and fourth order correlations. For the convention of calculation, the correlation equations are converted to the spectral form by taking their Fourier transforms. Finally, integrating the energy spectrum over all wave numbers, the energy decay of dusty fluid MHD turbulence in a rotating system for four-point correlation system is obtained. © 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.9996          J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 77-90 (2013)
North Korean defectors seeking health certification to take the national medical licensing examination in the Republic of Korea: figures and procedures
Authors: Kim Yoon Hee
Published: January 2013

In May 2011, the Ministry of Unification of the Republic of Korea (Korea) announced that 21,165 defectors from Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) had settled in Korea. Since healthcare workers are counted among these defectors, it is necessary to provide them with a pathway to certification to work in Korea. This report summarizes the vetting and approval process defectors from North Korea must pass through to be eligible to take the national medical licensing examination. Defectors must pass an oral test conducted by the National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board to be eligible to sit for the exam. From 2002 to August 2011, 41 North Korean defectors applied for the approval process to take the exam. Twenty-nine were approved (70.7%): 23 physicians, 1 dentist, 2 oriental medical doctor, 1 nurse, and 2 pharmacists. Out of 29 approved, 11 passed the licensing examination (39.3%). This report also highlights the difficulty in assessing North Korean defectors' eligibility by oral test, and suggests that adequate competency should be emphasized to recognize their unique abilities as healthcare personnel.
Neutrophil Gelatinase–Associated Lipocalin in Peritoneal Effluent: Evaluation in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients in Basal Condition
Authors: Martino Francesca , Filippi Ilenia , Giavarina Davide , Amici Gianpaolo , de Cal Massimo , Kaushik Manish , Rodighiero Maria Pia , Crepaldi Carlo , Ronco Claudio
Published: January 2013

Purpose

In the present study, we assessed expression of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in peritoneal effluent (pNGAL) from peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, and we evaluated factors that might affect its level in basal conditions.

Methods

Our cross-sectional study included all 69 patients on PD at our institution. We evaluated patient history, hydration status, residual renal function, indices of dialysis adequacy, peritoneal transport type, serum C-reactive protein, ferritin, serum NGAL (sNGAL) and pNGAL. Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were used to evaluate predictors of pNGAL.

Results

Of the study patients, 39 (56.5%) were men, and 54 (78.3%) were on continuous ambulatory PD. Median age in the group was 61 years [interquartile range (IQR): 46.5 - 71 years]. Median sNGAL was 487 ng/mL (IQR: 407 - 586 ng/mL), and median pNGAL was 35 ng/mL (IQR: 21 - 46 ng/mL). dNGAL correlated directly with weekly dialytic clearance of creatinine (ρ = 0.291, p = 0.02) and with sNGAL (ρ = 0.269, p = 0.031). The same variables were also independent predictors of pNGAL (β = 0.30 and 0.29 respectively, both p < 0.05) in multivariate analysis.

Conclusions

In our analysis, basal levels of pNGAL were influenced by sNGAL and by dialytic clearance of creatinine.
Peritoneal Protein Leakage, Systemic Inflammation, and Peritonitis Risk in Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Dong Jie , Chen Yuan , Luo Suping , Xu Rong , Xu Ying
Published: January 2013

Background

Whether peritoneal protein leakage predicts risk for peritonitis in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) is unknown. In this observational cohort study, we aimed to determine that association and, further, to explore if it might be explained by systemic inflammation.

Methods

We prospectively followed 305 incident PD patients to first-episode peritonitis, censoring, or the end of the study. Demographics, comorbidity score, biochemistry, and peritoneal protein clearance (PrC) were collected at baseline. The predictors of first-episode peritonitis were analyzed prospectively.

Results

During follow-up, 14 868 patient months and 251 episodes of peritonitis were observed. The baseline PrC was 73.2 mL/day (range: 53.2 – 102 mL/day). Patients with a high PrC were prone to be older and malnourished. They also had a higher comorbidity score and higher C-reactive protein values. In 132 first episodes of peritonitis, baseline PrC was shown to be a significant independent predictor after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, residual renal function, hemoglobin, and peritoneal transport rate. Systemic inflammatory markers such as serum albumin, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6 could not explain the association of PrC and high risk for peritonitis.

Conclusions

Baseline peritoneal protein leakage was able to independently predict risk for peritonitis, which is not explained by systemic inflammation. The underlying mechanisms should be explored in future.
Synthesis of spiro[dihydropyridine-oxindoles] via three-component reaction of arylamine, isatin and cyclopentane-1,3-dione
Authors: Sun Yan , Sun Jing , Yan Chao-Guo
Published: January 2013

A fast and convenient protocol for the synthesis of novel spiro[dihydropyridine-oxindole] derivatives in satisfactory yields was developed by the three-component reactions of arylamine, isatin and cyclopentane-1,3-dione in acetic acid at room temperature. On the other hand the condensation of isatin with two equivalents of cyclopentane-1,3-dione gave 3,3-bis(2-hydroxy-5-oxo-cyclopent-1-enyl)oxindole in high yields. The reaction mechanism and substrate scope of this novel reaction is briefly discussed.
Le vivant repensé
Authors: Dortier Jean-François
Published: January 2013

Résumé L’ère du postgénomique est advenue : une révolution est en cours dans les sciences de la vie. Elle remet en cause le modèle du programme génétique centré sur le gène comme facteur décisif de construction du vivant. Les phénomènes d’épigenèse, de morphogenèse, de symbiose et de coévolution proposent une vision nouvelle de la vie et de l’évolution. Cette nouvelle vision du vivant a aussi des conséquences majeures sur notre conception de l’humain.
L'Adoption : Pour quoi, pour qui, pour quoi faire ?
Authors: Maestre Michel
Published: January 2013

Résumé De plus en plus souvent, dans notre société post-moderne, les citoyens entendent faire valoir leur droit et avoir des enfants, y compris lorsque la nature ne le permet pas. La fécondation assistée et en cas d’échec de celle-ci, l’adoption permettent d’accéder au statut de parents. Au cours de cet article, l’auteur tentera de répondre à cette question difficile ; tout le monde peut-il recevoir un agrément pour adopter un enfant ? Afin de ne pas traiter deux sujets à la fois, il se concentrera sur les couples hétérosexuels, réservant la question de l’adoption par les couples homosexuels à une publication ultérieure.
Le fantasme de Ola : la narration de l'histoire d'origine de l'enfant adopté
Authors: Sonia Riccardi , Francesca Trombaccia , Giuseppina Bannò , Giuseppe De Vitis
Published: January 2013

Résumé Cet article présente le modèle de traitement de l’équipe du Service clinique pour les familles adoptives “Accademia della famiglia onlus” de Rome. En particulier, les auteurs affirment l’importance du récit de l’histoire d’origine de l’enfant adopté en tant que pivot de l’organisation du parcours thérapeutique et facteur prédisant la réussite. Les années d’expérience dans ce champ ont permis aux auteurs la mise au point d’un parcours spécifique avec les familles adoptives suivant une thérapie. Le travail d’équipe se focalise sur la phase post-adoptive avec l’objectif d’offrir aux parents et aux enfants la possibilité de construire une histoire commune en partant d’origines différentes. Le modèle de travail et les outils cliniques utilisés sont brièvement expliqués avec le concours de quelques extraits d’un récent cas clinique.
L'évolution de l'identité conjugale lors de la transition à la parentalité : Une recherche en cours auprès de jeunes parents
Authors: Magni-Speck Coralie , Roman Pascal , Frascarolo-Moutinot France , Antonietti Jean-Philippe
Published: January 2013

Résumé Cet article traite du couple lors de la transition à la parentalité. Les auteurs ont choisi d’explorer cette thématique au travers des représentations que les conjoints ont de leur relation. Afin d’étudier l’impact du devenir parent, des données ont été récoltées auprès d’une cohorte de 50 couples de jeunes parents et de conjoints sans enfant. Cet article présente les différents outils élaborés pour cette recherche, et particulièrement un questionnaire interrogeant les conjoints quant à leur « identité conjugale ». Les auteurs mettront ainsi en lumière quelques dimensions (thématiques) par le biais desquelles l’identité conjugale peut être appréhendée et pensée, mais également l’impact de l’accès à la parentalité sur les caractéristiques de la dyade conjugale.
Devenir d'une survivance du prénatal dans le cas du syndrome transfuseur-transfusé
Authors: Staraci Stéphanie , Missonnier Sylvain , Soubieux Marie-José , Ville Yves
Published: January 2013

Résumé Cet article a pour objectif de connaître le devenir de 58 familles (58 jumeaux et 29 singletons), six ans après le diagnostic anténatal d’un syndrome transfuseur-transfusé (STT). La recherche comprenait un entretien clinique avec les parents et un bilan psychologique avec les enfants (WISC-IV, dessin du bonhomme, dessin de la famille et CAT). Les résultats indiquent que 73 % des enfants ont un QI total dans la moyenne. Pour le test du dessin du bonhomme, 52 % des enfants ont des résultats en dessous de leur classe d’âge. L’analyse du CAT révèle majoritairement une inhibition de la pensée qui peut être corrélée avec la menace de mort qui a pesé sur le nid prénatal par la présence du STT. L’analyse du contenu des entretiens a montré que le STT s’inscrit comme le premier chapitre de l’histoire de ces enfants. Il amène une différenciation précoce entre les jumeaux. Il fait également partie des éléments de l’histoire familiale et a une influence sur la relation parents/enfants. Pour les familles de singletons, la place qu’occupe le jumeau décédé pour le jumeau vivant est inséparable de l’élaboration du deuil des parents.
La dépression de l'adolescent : de la recherche qualitative à la mesure
Authors: Révah-Lévy Anne , Falissard Bruno , Moro Marie Rose
Published: January 2013

Résumé Les troubles dépressifs de l’adolescent sont un enjeu de santé publique tant en terme de morbidité que de mortalité, ils réclament une réflexion approfondie sur l’articulation entre clinique de l’adolescence et clinique de la dépression. Devant l’absence d’instruments spécifiques, et validés, de mesure de la dépression à l’adolescence en français, nous avons entrepris la construction d’un nouvel outil (ADRS, Adolescent Depression Rating Scale). Prenant appui sur une phase qualitative initiale (analyse de la littérature, entretiens de recherche auprès d’adolescents traités pour dépression et de psychiatres d’adolescent), nous avons envisagé les spécificités de l’expérience dépressive chez l’adolescent, mettant en scène les facteurs individuels, familiaux, sociaux, psychiques et biologiques, qui façonnent l’expression de la souffrance. À partir des entretiens de recherche, nous avons détaillé une expérience dépressive qui comporte trois facettes : (1) état émotionnel avec l’irritabilité, l’envahissement par le vécu de la dépression, les perceptions négatives de soi et les idées de mort ; (2) manifestations non émotionnelles : ralentissement psychique, sommeil ; (3) manifestations au travers des interactions sociales : au travail, dans les loisirs et la vie relationnelle. En fonction de ces facettes d’expérience, nous avons élaboré une version pour le clinicien et une pour le patient, qui ont été administrées à 409 adolescents de 13 à 20 ans, en France, Belgique et Suisse. Après validation, les procédures psychométriques de sélection finale des items ont abouti à deux versions à dix items. L’ADRS (copyright AP-HP, 2004) se présente comme un bon outil de mesure de la dépression des adolescents, maniable, destiné tant à la recherche thérapeutique (médicamenteuse ou pas) qu’à la recherche clinique, ou aux actions de repérage.
La philanthropie américaine, la Société des Nations et la coproduction d'un ordre international (1919-1946)
Authors: Tournès Ludovic
Published: January 2013

Résumé Après avoir été longtemps délaissée, l’histoire de la SDN connaît un renouveau qui a permis à la fois l’approfondissement des connaissances et la relecture d’idées reçues, parmi lesquelles celles de la non-participation des États-Unis. Or, l’analyse des relations entre les États-Unis et la SDN doit être sérieusement révisée si l’on prend la peine de déplacer la focale depuis la sphère gouvernementale jusqu’à la sphère non gouvernementale pour se pencher sur la participation intense de deux Fondations (Rockefeller et Carnegie Endowment for International Peace) aux activités dites « non politiques » de la SDN. Il en ressort d’une part que si les États-Unis n’ont pas adhéré à la Société, ils y ont participé, et que d’autre part cette participation n’était un mystère pour aucun des États membres. C’est cette question que l’on discutera ici, en analysant la manière dont la philanthropie assume une part de la diplomatie américaine, et en se penchant sur la spécificité de sa contribution aux activités de la SDN.
Les associations juives à la Société des Nations, 1919-1929 : l'accès sans l'influence
Authors: Granick Jaclyn
Published: January 2013

Résumé Comment les associations juives internationales tentèrent-elles d’utiliser le système de la Société des Nations pour protéger leurs compatriotes juifs, et comment la SDN répondit-elle à ces efforts, notamment concernant les droits de minorités dont l’organisation était garante ? Cet article cherche à montrer que de multiples diplomaties juives furent mises en place dans l’immédiat après-guerre. On ne dénombre pas moins de quatre stratégies consistant à mener une politique discrète, attirer au contraire l’attention du public, collaborer par le biais de l’expertise, et tenter l’ingérence transatlantique. Bien qu’aucune organisation juive n’eût réussi à influencer la SDN pendant les années vingt, certains « experts » étaient bien placés au sein de la SDN grâce à leurs compétences dans des domaines très sensibles sur le plan politique.
Considérations philosophiques sur le principe de précaution
Authors: Zarka Yves Charles
Published: January 2013

Résumé Le principe de précaution est un principe pragmatique qui a trouvé une expression juridico-politique. C’est la réponse des sociétés démocratiques à de nouveaux risques. Cette intervention du principe de précaution dans la sphère démocratique explique également les controverses auxquelles il a pu donner lieu. Mais il n’est pas possible de s’en tenir aux controverses, car il y a aussi des enjeux proprement philosophiques du principe de précaution autour de trois questions majeures : le savoir, le temps et la Terre. Si le principe de précaution, dans la forme constitutionnelle qu’il a prise en France, est bien la traduction, encore imparfaite et précaire, d’un principe cosmopolitique, dans le cadre d’un État particulier, on peut dire qu’il constitue un moment important dans la prise en charge politique et historique d’une responsabilité pour l’humanité.
Perceptions du risque et précautionnisme
Authors: Bronner Gérald
Published: January 2013

Résumé Une nouvelle idéologie est en train de naître : le précautionnisme. Celle-ci est une expression sociale de la façon dont notre esprit s’égare lorsqu’il se représente le risque. Les conditions des sociétés contemporaines favorisent la diffusion de cette idéologie qui a des conséquences économiques et parfois sanitaires inquiétantes. Le but de cet article est de rendre visible la structure cognitive de cette illusion collective (surestimation des faibles probabilités, surestimation des coûts par rapport au bénéfice, effet de disjonction...) en montrant comment celle-ci s’hybride avec des variables contextuelles et politiques.
La précaution, l'éthique et la structure de l'action
Authors: Picavet Emmanuel , Guibet Lafaye Caroline
Published: January 2013

Résumé Le principe de précaution engage les rapports entre la connaissance, les risques et l’action ; appréhendé d’un point de vue simultanément éthique et politique, il pose également un défi aux institutions et au public pour ce qui est de sa mobilisation dans le débat et de sa mise en œuvre dans l’action, en tant que principe possédant une portée générale. L’article propose une description des problèmes spécifiques que comporte, à cet égard, le choix des interprétations. Cette description conduit à une appréciation positive du nouveau rôle dévolu aux démarches participatives dans la discussion des enjeux éthiques et des risques acceptables.
Investigación y restauración en el Alcázar de Sevilla
Authors: Almagro A.
Published: January 2013

Las intervenciones que durante estos últimos años se han llevado a cabo en el Alcázar de Sevilla coordinadas desde la Escuela de Estudios Árabes (CSIC) constituyen un interesante caso de interrelación entre restauración, investigación histórica, aplicación de técnicas analíticas y difusión de los resultados. Las acciones inter-disciplinares llevadas a cabo por un extenso y variado grupo de investigadores y profesionales con la referencia constante a los valores históricos del monumento han permitido lograr junto a importantes resultados en su conservación física, avances significativos en el conocimiento de su historia y su significado.

Usando siempre como base una rigurosa planimetría fotogramétrica, se han recuperado importantes vestigios originales, se han consolidado y restaurado partes especialmente significativas y se han realizado reconstrucciones virtuales como resultado de la investigación histórica.
Relación entre peculiaridades constructivas y comportamiento estructural en los edificios de Venecia
Authors: Doglioni F.
Published: January 2013

En este texto, se describen sintéticamente algunas peculiaridades de la edificación residencial de Venecia, analizando su relación con el abanico de problemas estructurales que caracterizan el comportamiento estructural del edificio a lo largo del tiempo. Se aventura la hipótesis que las construcciones venecianas y, en particular, algunos de sus detalles, concebidos específicamente para la laguna donde se enclava, han sido objeto de una adaptación evolutiva a través de la observación de los problemas estructurales de los edificios precedentes. Los alarifes venecianos aprendieron a tener en cuenta el comportamiento estructural posterior del edificio, que previeron en cierta medida. Este proceso ha llevado a perfeccionar algunos detalles constructivos exclusivos de Venecia que han perdurado en el tiempo, que han resistido impertérritos a mutaciones de estilo y de configuración arquitectónica, hasta constituir elementos esenciales de un aparato indivisible y adaptable cuya interpretación, fruto de la investigación desarrollada en la Universidad IUAV de Venecia, se expone aquí de manera sucinta.
“Restauro”: nuevos problemas, nuevas teorías en un low-cost world
Authors: Pérez-Arroyo S. , Mora S.
Published: January 2013

Este artículo trata de revisar los soportes, tanto teóricos, como técnicos, que nos sirvieron de guía en algunas de las intervenciones de restauración que realizamos hace ya algunos años.

Durante este período han cambiado mucho las cosas, se han abierto fronteras, las facilidades de comunicación se han ampliado. Las teorías más próximas al respeto de los valores documentales del monumento, entonces no muy apoyadas, se han extendido. En ocasiones, de ellas han proliferado solo los aspectos formales, sin entrar en la especificidad del monumento. O se han exagerado las tecnologías de apoyo a las intervenciones, olvidando a veces su finalidad.

Cada monumento tiene su razón de ser en un entorno y sociedad determinados, siendo reflejo de la historia y evolución de la misma.

Dar con los factores más importantes a conservar y/o reintegrar para transmitirlos, será lo que marque la intervención de restauración en el futuro.
Consideraciones de la Administración sobre la aplicación de la reglamentación a edificios existentes
Authors: Vega L. , Posada J. L.
Published: January 2013

La aplicación de la reglamentación en el ámbito de la edificación existente es una problemática difícil, que preocupa a todos los técnicos. La pregunta de si es posible alcanzar los niveles de prestación demandados en la actualidad y recogidos en la reglamentación para obra nueva cuando se opera sobre edificios existentes, salvaguardando al mismo tiempo la seguridad jurídica de los diferentes agentes, es un problema que requiere de un amplio debate.

El objetivo de este artículo es explicar las dificultades para dar criterios en las intervenciones en la edificación existente y las estrategias que está valorando la Administración.
Taylor Kriging Metamodeling for Stochastic Simulation Interpolation
Authors: Liu Heping , Chen Yanli
Published: January 2013

This paper applies a novel Kriging model to the interpolation of stochastic simulation with high computational expense. The novel Kriging model is developed by using Taylor expansion to construct a drift function for Kriging, thus named Taylor Kriging. The interpolation capability of Taylor Kriging for stochastic simulation is empirically compared with those of Simple Kriging and Ordinary Kriging according to two stochastic simulation cases. Results show that the interpolation of Taylor Kriging is more accurate than Simple Kriging and Ordinary Kriging. The authors analyze two key factors in stochastic simulation, simulation replications and variance, which influence the accuracy of Kriging interpolation, and obtain some important empirical results.
Information in Fleeting Opportunities
Authors: Almojel Ibrahim , Matheson Jim , Canbolat Pelin
Published: January 2013

This paper focuses on the study of information in fleeting opportunities. An application example is the evaluation of business proposals by venture capitalists. The authors formulate the generic problem as a dynamic program where the decision maker can either accept a given deal directly, reject it directly, or seek further information on its potential and then decide whether to accept it or not. Results show well behaved characteristics of the optimal policy, deal flow value, and the value of information over time and capacity. It is presumed that the risk preference of the decision maker follows a linear or an exponential utility function. This approach is illustrated through several examples.
Sequential Test for Arbitrary Ratio of Mean Times Between Failures
Authors: Michlin Yefim H. , Ingman Dov , Dayan Yoram
Published: January 2013

This paper describes a planning methodology and tools for a truncated SPRT (sequential probability ratio test) for checking the means ratio of the times between failures (assumed to be exponentially distributed) of two items. The problem is considered for the situation in which the ratio may differ from unity, whereby the results are applicable for any specified ratio, or wherever multiple copies of each item are tested simultaneously (group test). The authors present a methodology for optimal test choice and dependences for determining the acceptance/rejection boundaries of such a test with given characteristics. Planning and implementation of a group test are illustrated in an example, including substantiation of the choice of the number of new-item copies.
Measuring the Effect of the Rules and Regulations on Global Malmquist Index
Authors: Alirezaee Mohammadreza , Afsharian Mohsen
Published: January 2013

The circle-type or global Malmquist index, which is based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models, is an important index that is widely used for measuring the relative productivity change of decision-making units (DMUs) in multiple time periods. This index, similar to the standard approach of measuring the productivity change using the standard Malmquist index, breaks down into various components, which can then be used to measure the impact of the efficiency, technology, and scale on productivity changes over time. However, empirical studies show that there are some rules and regulations that can affect the result of the productivity changes. Therefore, this paper presents new insight into the global Malmquist index for measuring the effect of the rules and regulations on productivity changes that come from imposing some trade-offs to the production possibility set of the problem, and provides a new decomposition of this index.
Equal Pricing Strategies in a Dual Channel Supply Chain
Authors: Wen Ue-Pyng , Chen Yun-Chu , Cheung Kam-Hong
Published: January 2013

In this article, equal pricing strategies are studied in a dual channel supply chain where a manufacturer sells to a retailer as well as to consumers through a direct channel according to the assumption that the manufacturer commits setting the same retail price as the traditional channel to reduce the channel’s conflict. The authors first analyze the effect of different pricing strategies on the retail price, wholesale price and profits. The cooperative strategy is also studied to see how it benefits both parties in the dual channel supply chain. Finally, through a numerical example, it is demonstrated that providing convenience of the direct channel is important for the manufacturer and service is a distinctive advantage for the retailer. Furthermore, the paper shows that if the service quality has a significant effect on the direct channel, then the manufacturer tends to abandon commitment of equal pricing strategy.
Multi Depot Probabilistic Vehicle Routing Problems with a Time Window
Authors: Samanta Sutapa , Jha Manoj K.
Published: January 2013

Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs) are prevalent in all large pick up and delivery logistics systems and are critical to city logistics operations. Of notable significance are three key extensions to classical VRPs: (1) multi-depot scenario; (2) probabilistic demand; and (3) time-window constraints, which are considered simultaneously with VRPs in this paper. The issue then becomes a Multi Depot Probabilistic Vehicle Routing Problem with a Time Window (MDPVRPTW). The underlying complexities of MDPVRPTW are analyzed and a heuristic approach is presented to solve the problem. Genetic algorithms (GAs) are found to be capable of providing an efficient solution to the so-called MDPVRPTW. Within the GAs, two modification operators namely, crossover and mutation, are designed specially to solve the MDPVRPTW. Three numerical examples with 14, 25, and 51 nodes are presented to test the efficiency of the algorithm as the problem size grows. The proposed algorithms perform satisfactorily and the limiting case solutions are in agreement with the constraints. Additional work is needed to test the robustness and efficiency of the algorithms as the problem size grows.
A Heuristic Algorithm for the Inner-City Multi-Drop
Authors: Pan Li , Chu Sydney C. K. , Han Guangyue , Huang Joshua Zhexue
Published: January 2013

Economic globalization, increasing fuel cost, and environmental problems provide a strong stimulation for inner-city container carriers to utilize container space more efficiently in transporting goods for multiple clients during a single round trip. A wall-building heuristic algorithm based on the binary tree data structure is proposed to solve the container loading problem with multi-drop constraints. A dynamic space decomposition approach, together with a repacking and space amalgamation strategy, permits an efficient and effective loading plan to pack containers, illustrated by numerical experiments.
Adoption of Social Media by Online Retailers
Authors: Karimov Farhod P. , Brengman Malaika
Published: January 2013

In the online environment, the absence of social presence may prevent consumers from purchasing online, while it can enhance their trust, loyalty and enjoyment toward the e-retailer. Thus, today many online retailers try to create social presence by adopting media-rich technologies. In this paper, the authors assess to what degree social media cues are currently adopted by thriving web-vendors and on that basis speculate about future developments. To this purpose, 210 top B2C e-commerce websites have been content analyzed to identify how they differ in the deployment of diverse social media cues. While a wide range of social media cues are adopted by a majority of top e-retailers, a number of more advanced social media features like avatars, recommendation agents, and video-streams are in their infancy where adoption is concerned. The paper demonstrates that the utilization of social media features differs according to the monetary and symbolic value of products sold by the e-commerce vendors.