bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Species of the genus Ensiferella Andersson from China, with a key to world species (Diptera, Chloropidae)
Authors: LIU XIAOYAN , YANG DING
Published: March 2019

The genus Ensiferella Andersson is newly recorded from China. The following two species are described as new to sci-ence: E. elongata sp. nov. and E. longispina sp. nov. The male of E. sabroskyi Nartshuk is described for the first time. Twospecies, E. kanmiyai Nartshuk and E. sabroskyi Nartshuk, are newly recorded from China. A key to the world species of genus Ensiferella is given.
The masked water snakes of the genus Homalopsis Kuhl & van Hasselt, 1822 (Squamata, Serpentes, Homalopsidae), with the description of a new species
Authors: MURPHY JOHN C. , VORIS HAROLD K. , MURTHY B. H.C.K. , TRAUB JOSHUA , CUMBERBATCH CHRISTINA
Published: March 2019

Masked water snakes of the genus Homalopsis are abundant in the wetlands of Southeastern Asia. Currently, two speciesare recognized, the widespread H. buccata Linnaeus and the Mekong drainage endemic H. nigroventralis Deuve. On thebasis of morphology we resurrect H. hardwickii Gray and H. semizonata Blyth and describe a new species from Indochina.We establish a neotype for Coluber buccatus Linnaeus and examine the status of other names associated with this species.Homalopsis species can be distinguished from each other on the basis of dorsal scale row counts, the scales in the ocularring, and other head scale architecture. The new species, Homalopsis mereljcoxi, is distinguished from all others by itsone postocular and one postsubocular scale, and a higher dorsal scale row count (40–47 scale rows at midbody) that arereduced to more than 30 scale rows at the body’s posterior. The new species is heavily exploited for the skin trade at TonleSap, Cambodia. Homalopsis likely contains other cryptic species that have evolved in the changing aquatic habitats of Southeast Asia. A key to the species of Homalopsis is provided.
Review of the African catfish genus Andersonia (Teleostei: Siluriformes)
Authors: FERRARIS CARL J. , VARI RICHARD P.
Published: March 2019

Fishes of the catfish genus Andersonia (Amphiliidae, Doumeinae) are distributed widely across the northern sub-Saharanportion of Africa that is called the Nilo-Sudan Bioregion. Recent literature indicated that either one or two species of An-dersonia occur in the four drainage basins (upper Niger, upper Nile, Omo, and Lake Chad) in which the genus has beenfound. Our study failed to find any differences in the samples from those basins, as we therefore treat them as populationsof a single species, A. leptura, which is redescribed based on extensive series of specimens from across its range. The ge-nus Andersonia is retained as valid at this time, based on the lack of clear evidence of the phylogenetic position of A. lep-tura within the Doumeinae. However, a broader sampling of taxa, especially among species currently placed in the genus Phractura, may require a change to that assignment.
Halycaea Cameron, 1903 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Doryctinae) from China with a key to world species
Authors: TANG PU , BELOKOBYLSKIJ SERGEY A. , VAN ACHTERBERG CORNELIS , CHEN XUE-XIN
Published: March 2019

The Chinese Halycaea Cameron, 1903 (Doryctinae: Doryctini) from the Parasitic Hymenoptera Collection of ZhejiangUniversity were studied. The following taxa are described as new: subgenus Sinohalycaea subgen. nov. and four species,H. (S.) longitergum sp. nov., H. (H.) liui sp. nov., H. (H.) nigricoxis sp. nov., and H. (H.) wuzhiensis sp. nov. Megaproctusruficeps Smith, 1858 is considered as a senior synonym of H. erythrocephala Cameron, 1903 (syn. nov.). A key to all known species of Halycaea is provided.
A description of Echo perornata spec. nov. from Xizang (Tibet), China (Odonata: Calopterygidae)
Authors: YU XIN , HÄMÄLÄINEN MATTI
Published: March 2019

Echo perornata Yu & Hämäläinen, spec. nov. (holotype ♂, China, Xizang Autonomous Region [Tibet], Motuo [Medog], alt. 850m, 1 vii 1983) is described and illustrated for both sexes. The new species has a pale pterostigma shaped quite similarly to that of Echo margarita Selys, 1853, but it differs in wing colour pattern and structure of the penis. E. margarita is recorded from China (Yunnan, Ruili) for the first time.
A review of the Asian species of the genus Pachysternum (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae)
Authors: FIKÁČEK MARTIN , JIA FENGLONG , PROKIN ALEXANDER
Published: March 2019

The Asian species of the genus Pachysternum Motschulsky, 1863 are revised and redescribed. Three new species are de-scribed: Pachysternum kubani sp. nov. (Laos, China: Sichuan), P. rugosum sp. nov. (China: Gansu, Shaanxi) and P. san-dacanum sp. nov. (Malaysia: Sabah, Sarawak). Three new synonyms are established: Megasternum gibbulumMotschulsky, 1866 and Pachysternum sibiricum Kuwert, 1890 are junior synonyms of Pachysternum haemorrhoumMotschulsky, 1866; Pachysternum nigritum Jia, Wu & Pu, 1998 is a junior synonym of P. stevensi Orchymont, 1926.Pachysternum keralense Hebauer, 2002 is transferred to the pilocnemoides group of the genus Australocyon Hansen,1990. Megasternum japonicum Shatrovskiy, 1989 is resurrected from the synonymy with M. gibbulum and considered asa valid name. Lectotypes are designated for the following species: Pachysternum apicatum Motschulsky, 1863, P. curva-tum Orchymont, 1925, P. haemorrhoum Motschulsky, 1866, P. nigrovittatum Motschulsky, 1863, P. sibiricum Kuwert,1890, Megasternum gibbulum Motschulsky, 1866 and M. distinctum Sharp, 1873. All Pachysternum species are diag-nosed, relevant morphological characters are illustrated, and an updated identification key is provided. Pachysternum api-catum is interpreted as a polymorphic species exhibiting high geography-based variation and possibly consisting of somesibling taxa; diagnosing of these taxa requires more material and additional (ideally molecular) characters and is therefore left unresolved at the present time.
The rare genus Leptospathius Szépligeti (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Doryctinae) from China, with description of a new species
Authors: TANG PU , WU QIONG , BELOKOBYLSKIJ SERGEY , CHEN XUEXIN
Published: March 2019

The Chinese Leptospathius Szépligeti, 1902, from the Parasitic Hymenoptera Collection of Zhejiang Universitywas studied and two species were recognized. A new species of this genus, L. hunanensis sp. nov., is described and illustrated. A key to the Oriental species of this genus is provided.
Descriptions of new Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) reared from native fruit in Kenya
Authors: RAZOWSKI JÓZEF , BROWN JOHN W.
Published: March 2019

One new genus, Concinocordis (Enarmoniini), and 13 new species, Phtheochroa aarviki (Cochylini), Endothenia ator(Bactrini), Concinocordis wilsonarum, Anthozela psychotriae (both Enarmoniini), Cosmetra podocarpivora, Cosmetrataitana, Gypsonoma scolopiae (all Eucosmini), Thaumatotibia salaciae, Cydia connara, Cydia sennae, Fulcrifera crota-lariae, Stenentoma sorindeiae, and Thylacogaster garcinivora (all Grapholitini), are described and illustrated. All speci-mens of these new species were reared from native fruit in Kenya. Two new combinations are proposed, Cydia anthracotis(Meyrick) (transferred from “Laspeyresia”) and Cosmetra nereidopa (Meyrick) (transferred from Sycacantha), and the female genitalia of Anthozela chrysoxantha Meyrick are illustrated for the first time.
Mayflies of the Caucasus Mountains. I. A new species of the genus Electrogena Zurwerra & Tomka, 1985
Authors: SROKA PAVEL , GODUNKO ROMAN J.
Published: March 2019

Based on the material recently collected in the Western Caucasus Mts., Russian Federation, Electrogena gibedede sp. nov.,new species from the genus Electrogena Zurwerra & Tomka, 1985 is described in detail. The morphological characteris-tics of the adults and larvae of the species are presented (adults of both sexes were reared from the larvae in the field). Thevariability of the species and critical characteristics distinguishing Electrogena gibedede sp. nov. from the remaining rep-resentatives of the genus (focusing mainly on Caucasian species) are described and discussed. In the description of thelarval morphology the standard set of diagnostic characteristics is used. Larval biology and habitat preferences are mentioned. An overview of the present state of knowledge of Electrogena species known from the Caucasus Mts. is provided.
Taxonomic revision of the fruit fly genus Neoceratitis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: DE MEYER MARC , FREIDBERG AMNON
Published: March 2019

Neoceratitis is revised to include six species. N. albiseta, from Madagascar, is described as new. Trirhithrum lycii var. min-imum Bezzi, 1924 is a junior synonym of Ceratitis lycii Coquillett, 1901, new synonym. All known and suspected hostassociations are within the family Solanaceae, with one species (N. cyanescens) infesting tomatoes and several species ofSolanum, whereas the other species with known hosts are associated with Lycium spp. Neoceratitis is probably similar toTrirhithrum Bezzi and particularly to the little known Paratrirhithrum Shiraki. Redescriptions (description in the case of the new species) and illustrations are provided for all the species, and a key to all the species is also provided.
Revision of the Australian sawfly genus Antargidium (Hymenoptera, Symphyta,Argidae) with description of two new species. Zootaxa, 3180, 47–56. (Erratum)
Authors: SCHMIDT S
Published: March 2019

Erratum
Morphology of juvenile instars of Ameronothridae (Acari: Oribatida)
Authors: ERMILOV SERGEY G. , STARY JOSEF , BLOCK WILLIAM
Published: March 2019

Juvenile instars of four species of the oribatid mite family Ameronothridae— Alaskozetes antarcticus intermedius, Amer-onothrus lineatus, Halozetes crozetensis and Pseudantarcticola georgiae—are described and illustrated in detail. Knownjuvenile instars of the family are compared, new diagnoses are given when possible, and identification keys to genera of known nymphs and larvae are presented.
Coralliocaris junckeri, a new pontoniine shrimp species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae) from Futuna Island, Central Pacific
Authors: LI XINZHENG , POUPIN JOSEPH
Published: March 2019

A new pontoniine shrimp species, family Palaemonidae, genus Coralliocaris Stimpson, 1860, C. junckeri sp. nov., is de-scribed based on an ovigerous female specimen from Futuna Island, Futuna Reef in the central Pacific. The new speciescan be distinguished from its congeneric counterparts by its second pereopod chelae, the fingers of the first pereopods, the unarmed rostrum and the colour pattern.
A new squat lobster (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Chirostylidae) from off NW Spain
Authors: BABA KEIJI , MACPHERSON ENRIQUE
Published: March 2019

Uroptychus cartesi, a new species of squat lobster belonging to the family Chirostylidae, is described based upon materialrecently collected from the Bank of Galicia, a deep seamount located off north-west Spain. This is now the fifth speciesof the genus known from the eastern Atlantic. The four species previously recorded in the region (U. bouvieri, U. concolor,U. maroccanus and U. rubrovittatus) are morphologically rather remote from the new species. The spinose carapace lat-eral margin links U. cartesi to U. bouvieri but the other characters displayed by the new species are largely different fromthose of that species. Uroptychus cartesi is distinguished from U. bouvieri by the epigastric region having denticles ar-ranged in small arcs transversely rather than a pair of spines behind the eyes; the anterolateral spine of the carapace ismuch larger than, instead of subequal to, the lateral orbital spine; the P2–4 propodi are slightly more than half, instead oftwice, the length of dactyli; and the penultimate flexor marginal spine of P2–4 dactyli are twice as broad as, rather than as broad as the antepenultimate spine. A key to the species of Uroptychus from the eastern Atlantic is provided.
Picobia dziabaszewskii sp. nov. (Acari, Syringophilidae)—combined description (morphology with DNA barcode data) of a new quill mite species parasitizing Garrulax formosus (Passeriformes: Leiothrichidae)
Authors: GLOWSKA ELIZA , DRAGUN-DAMIAN ANNA , DABERT JACEK
Published: March 2019

A new species of quill mites Picobia dziabaszewskii sp. nov. (Acari, Syringophilidae) parasitizing Garrulax formosus(Verreaux) (Passeriformes: Leiothrichidae) is described using combined data sources: standard morphological informa-tion extended by mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I sequence (COI) and domene D2 of the nuclear gene 28S rDNA data(DNA barcode). Additionally, the case of polymorphism within domene D2 region of 28 rDNA is registered for the first time in syringophilid mites.
The advertisement call of Haddadus binotatus (Spix, 1824) (Anura; Craugastoridae)
Authors: MOURA MARIO RIBEIRO , DE LACERDA JOÃO VICTOR ANDRADE , FEIO RENATO NEVES
Published: March 2019

We describe for first time the advertisement call of Haddadus binotatus Spix. This is a widely distributed species in Atlantic Forest of Brazil, occurring from the state of Bahia to the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Haddad et al. 2008), where it inhabits the leaf litter of the forest floor (Heyer et al. 1990). It is relatively common at the Serra do Brigadeiro mountain, a regional designation of the northeastern portion of the Serra da Mantiqueira mountain range, southeastern Brazil. In the Serra do Brigadeiro, the calling activity of H. binotatus comprehends all rainy season, from October to March (Feio et al. 2008). Although H. binotatus has been described almost two centuries ago, its vocalization is still unknown. The low volume of calls emitted by males, associated with the weather conditions in which they usually call (during the rain), turns difficult the detection of vocalizing individuals, which probably explains the absence of information on calling behavior in this species.
Kachinocoris brevipennis n.gen., n.sp. in Cretaceous Burmese Amber(Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Aradidae)
Authors: HEISS ERNST
Published: March 2019

From an inclusion in Cretaceous Burmese amber a new genus of flat bugs, Kachinocoris n.gen., is described; its type species K. brevipennis n.sp. is illustrated.
The Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) of Ría Lagartos Biosphere Reserve, Yucatán, Mexico
Authors: GONZÁLEZ–MORENO ALEJANDRA , BORDERA SANTIAGO
Published: March 2019

A total of 148 species and 69 genera are first records of Ichneumonidae from Ría Lagartos Biosphere Reserve (Yucatán,Mexico), raising the total number of known species and genera of the Reserve to 216 and 99 respectively. Material wascollected over a 14 months period by Malaise traps in three habitats; dry forest, savannah and coastal dune scrubland. Atotal of 4,215 individuals of Ichneumonidae are included in this paper. Of the species reported from Ría Lagartos, 89 spe-cies (49%) have a Neotropical distribution; six (3%) have been reported previously only from the Nearctic; 44 (24%) haveboth Nearctic and Neotropical distributions and 42 (24%) have been reported only from Mexico. The recorded hosts be-long to 19 families of Lepidoptera, three Coleoptera, four Hymenoptera and one Neuroptera. Most species have a higher abundance in the rainy season, and the dry forest habitat provided more species than the other habitats.
New fishfly species of the Neochauliodes bowringi group (Megaloptera: Corydalidae: Chauliodinae)
Authors: JIANG WEI , WANG GUOQUAN , LIU XINGYUE
Published: March 2019

Two new species of the fishfly genus Neochauliodes from Cambodia and China are described and both of them belong to the Neochauliodes bowringi species group. A key to the males of the N. bowringi group is also given.
New synonymy for a species of mealybug in the genus Pseudococcus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) that occurs on fruit trees in Chile
Authors: GONZÁLEZ ROBERTO H. , PRADO ERNESTO
Published: March 2019

In July of 2011, we each became aware that we were studying the same Chilean mealybug species.  The research by González (2011) emphasized the biology, economic importance, and control of the species on fruit, and described it as the new species Pseudococcus rubigena González.  The research by Prado in Correa et al. (2011) provided a detailed description using molecular and morphological data and described the new species as P. meridionalis Prado.  Based on the Principle of Priority (Article 23) in the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1999), one of these names must have precedence.  Unfortunately, both papers were published at approximately the same time.  The date of publication of the Correa et al. paper is clearly marked as June 22, 2011.  The exact date of publication of the González book was not clear because it did not give a specific date, only 2011.  To establish the exact date, a certificate of publication was requested from the publisher (Imprenta Italiana Ltda.) by González.  In a letter dated November 23, 2011, Nelson Cannoni  M.,  Gerente General,  Impreta  Italiana  indicated “ULTIMO DESPACHO DE EJEMPLARES: 30 de junio de 2011.” This is considered the date of publication for the name P. rubigena which was predated by P. meridionalis by just nine days.  Therefore the following synonymy is proposed.
Two new species of Stenatkina Young, 1986 from China with comparative notes on the female genitalia (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini)
Authors: MENG ZE-HONG , YANG MAO-FA , LI ZI-ZHONG
Published: March 2019

Stenatkina Young, 1986 is a sharpshooter genus that includes six species, three of them recorded from China. In this paper, twonew species, S. moliensis sp. nov. and S. luteimacula sp. nov. are added. A key is given to distinguish all species of the genus.Descriptions and illustrations of the male and female genitalia of the new species and of other Chinese species are provided. S.heveli Young is newly recorded from China. Comparative notes on the female genitalia within Stenatkina are provided. The preliminary results show that the female genitalia provide useful features for distinguishing Stenatkina species.
New species of Macrolycus Waterhouse, 1878 from China and Laos, with a checklist of the genus (Coleoptera: Lycidae)
Authors: LI YUN , BOCAK LADISLAV , PANG HONG
Published: March 2019

Eight new Macrolycus are described: M. luteus sp. nov., M. mucronatus sp. nov., M. muyuensis sp. nov., M. quadrifidus sp.nov., M. rubineus sp. nov., M. venustus sp. nov. from China and M. extrusus sp. nov., M. ligulatus sp. nov. from Laos. Macro-lycus testaceicollis var. notaticollis Pic, 1935 is elevated to M. notaticollis Pic, 1935, stat. nov. General appearance of the holo-types, male genitalia and important external characters are illustrated. Macrolycus dotatus Kleine, 1925 is reported from Laosfor the first time. A key to the Macrolycus species from Laos, Southeastern and Central China and a checklist of the genus Macrolycus are provided.
Tennyson’s Poems
Authors: Winnick R. H.
Published: March 2019

In Tennyson’s Poems: New Textual Parallels, R. H. Winnick identifies more than a thousand previously unknown instances in which Tennyson phrases of two or three to as many as several words are similar or identical to those occurring in prior works by other hands—discoveries aided by the proliferation of digitized texts and the related development of powerful search tools over the three decades since the most recent major edition of Tennyson’s poems was published.

Each of these instances may be deemed an allusion (meant to be recognized as such and pointing, for definable purposes, to a particular antecedent text), an echo (conscious or not, deliberate or not, meant to be noticed or not, meaningful or not), or merely accidental. Unless accidental, Winnick writes, these new textual parallels significantly expand our knowledge both of Tennyson’s reading and of his thematic intentions and artistic technique. Coupled with the thousand-plus textual parallels previously reported by Christopher Ricks and other scholars, he says, they suggest that a fundamental and lifelong aspect of Tennyson’s art was his habit of echoing any work, ancient or modern, which had the potential to enhance the resonance or deepen the meaning of his poems.

The new textual parallels Winnick has identified point most often to the King James Bible and to such canonical authors as Shakespeare, Milton, Dryden, Pope, Thomson, Cowper, Shelley, Byron, and Wordsworth. But they also point to many authors rarely if ever previously cited in Tennyson editions and studies, including Michael Drayton, Richard Blackmore, Isaac Watts, Erasmus Darwin, John Ogilvie, Anna Lætitia Barbauld, Letitia Elizabeth Landon, John Wilson, and—with surprising frequency—Felicia Hemans.

Tennyson’s Poems: New Textual Parallels is thus a major new resource for Tennyson scholars and students, an indispensable adjunct to the 1987 edition of Tennyson’s complete poems edited by Christopher Ricks.
La sentenza come narrazione: Strumenti e risultati dell’empatia
Authors: Savarese Eduardo
Published: March 2019

Lo studio del diritto in relazione alla letteratura, e viceversa, conduce a un’analisi specifica della sentenza come narrazione sotto una pluralità di aspetti. In sistemi di democrazia costituzionale e pluralista, dove è necessario comporre principi e valori spesso in tensione o addirittura in contrasto, il giudice può adoperare la sentenza come un vero e proprio mezzo narrativo. Questo accade quando la vicenda giudiziaria viene descritta in modo da dimostrare al “lettore” il grado di identificazione e immedesimazione tra il giudice e la vicenda umana decisa, per poi condurre il “lettore” stesso a rivivere la stessa esperienza, riproducendo un ulteriore meccanismo di empatia con i protagonisti del caso giudiziario, le loro aspirazioni, la loro dignità. La sentenza si fa narrazione vicina alla finzione letteraria in quei casi che chiamano in gioco alti e contrastanti valori umani, etici e giuridici della società civile (suicidio assistito, matrimonio omosessuale). Il mezzo adoperato dal giudice, a volte in modo esplicito, a volte implicitamente, è l’empatia. Con essa, si strutturano il tipo di descrizione del fatto e l’andamento dell’argomentazione giuridica. A partire dall’empatia prende avvio quel processo di rafforzamento del grado di accettabilità giuridica e sociale della sentenza, necessario a creare spazio per un bilanciamento complesso e non prevedibile di valori e principi.
Production of regenerated silkworm silk fibers from aqueous dopes through straining flow spinning
Authors: Madurga Rodrigo , Gañán-Calvo Alfonso M , Mariscal Triana , Plaza Gustavo R , Guinea Gustavo V , Elices Manuel , Pérez-Rigueiro José
Published: March 2019

The possibility of spinning regenerated silkworm ( Bombyx mori) fibers from a range of aqueous dopes by using a biomimetic approach based on straining flow spinning is explored in this work. It is found that spinning conditions can be established that allow fibers to be produced from environmentally friendly dopes with fibroin concentrations even one order of magnitude lower than that of the natural system. However, it is also found that the spinning process is favored and that the mechanical properties of the fibers are improved when dopes with higher fibroin concentration are employed. Since highly concentrated fibroin solutions in water are unstable, a stabilizing agent is required in order to obtain a spinnable dope at such large protein concentrations. CaCl2 is found to be an adequate stabilizing agent compatible with the straining flow spinning process. The optimization of the spinning parameters leads to the production of high-performance fibers with a work to fracture comparable to that of the natural material.
On the geographies of hair: Exploring the entangled margins of the bordered body
Authors: Holton Mark
Published: March 2019

This paper extends discussions of the geographies of the body by examining hair as a geographical lens that reimagines the body’s borders. Hair is a key agent in producing and representing the body, specifically through the presences and absences of hair that influence, disturb, transform and transcend its margins. By examining the materialities, performances and discourses associated with how and where hair is situated (or not) on the body, this paper situates hair as a geographical prism that explores new frontiers of the bordered body, shapes corporeal understandings of appearance and projects identities and power well beyond its physical limits.
MRI ultrasound fusion biopsy in prostate cancer detection: Are randomized clinical trials reproducible in everyday clinical practice?
Authors: Cattarino Susanna , Forte Valerio , Salciccia Stefano , Drudi Francesco Maria , Cantisani Valerio , Sciarra Alessandro , Fasulo Andrea , Ciccariello Mauro
Published: March 2019

Introduction:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI)–ultrasound (US) fusion-targeted biopsies (TB) in men with primary and repeated biopsies comparing the cancer detection rate (CDR) of random biopsies (RB) + TB versus only TB.

Methods:

The present study is a real-life study on patients with primary and prior negative prostate biopsies with suspicious PCa. A total of 130 men with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value >2.5 ng/dL and/or abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) were included in the study and subjected to mpMRI. Patients with >2 previous biopsies and/or with ⩾3 suspected lesions on MRI and/or prostate imaging-reporting and data system (PIRADS) value ⩾4 (n:30 pts) were subjected only to TB on the areas indicated by mpMRI. All the other patients (n:70 pts) were subjected to standard random laterally directed 10-core plus TB on the areas indicated by mpMRI.

Results:

The overall CDR was 53% (53/100). In relation to PIRADS score, the overall CDR was 0, 40% (12/30), 56.83% (29/51), and 84% (11/13) for PIRADS 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. According to biopsy modality, CDR for RB + TB was 50% (35/70) and CDR for TB was 60% (18/30) with a p-value of 0.3632.

Discussion:

MRI–US fusion biopsy is associated with a high CDR of clinically significant PCa (csPCa). MRI–US fusion biopsy could be a reasonable approach in patients with previous negative biopsy and high PIRADS score on MRI, to ensure a high CDR of csPCa and to reduce the diagnosis of clinically insignificant tumors.
Preparation of amino functional polysiloxane–lanthanide (Dy3+ and Sm3+) composites
Authors: Zhang Qing , Su Guixian
Published: March 2019

Polysiloxane with amino group as the functional side chain was prepared via equilibrium polycondensation reaction. It was modified with salicylaldehyde and then incorporated with lanthanide ions (Dy3+ and Sm3+) to obtain two luminescent functionalized polysiloxane–lanthanide composite materials. The structures and properties of products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy, fluorescent emission spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results show that two kinds of lanthanide ions were all incorporated successfully with the functionalized polysiloxanes. The coordination effect exists between the nitrogen atoms on the ligand and the lanthanide ions. In addition, the green and red light emissions that are characteristic of Dy3+ and Sm3+ were achieved.
Evaluating projects in multifaceted and marginalised communities: The need for mixed approaches
Authors: Curran Liz , Taylor-Barnett Pamela
Published: March 2019

This article examines the evaluation process and approach undertaken for a recent 3-year Integrated Justice Practice project. Three key approaches underpinned the evaluation framework or program logic: participatory evaluation, action research, and continuous reflective practice. The project involved an evaluation of community agencies working in complex settings, within a human service delivery context. The mix of processes encouraged these agencies to own the evaluation through providing clarity and grounded information about what works, how, and what does not work and why, so as to improve both service delivery and community understanding, and to affect policy and funding settings. The discussion is situated within several theories of ‘participatory evaluation’ – meaning that the views of service receivers and providers were included both in the research and in its design. These perspectives were essential because input from young people about how legal services support them, and from providers about the policies services adopt is rare. The services and their partners reported that the evaluation process had been ‘transformative’, with each identifying changes in practice. It’s also edifying for the evaluators, revealing that cultural competency, trust, respect and safety are critical elements when engaging with young people with unresolved legal issues, including family violence.
Soldier, Contractor, Trauma: The Governance of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in the Private Military Labour Market
Authors: White Adam
Published: March 2019

This article explores the governance of post-traumatic stress disorder among soldiers-turned-contractors in the private military labour market. Using original data relating to the UK case, it argues that this governance regime is best understood as a political economic process which transcends the public–private divide. On one side, post-traumatic stress disorder is managed as an economic issue—a calculation to be factored into the pursuit of profit maximization. On the other side, it is managed as a political or social issue—a component of the civil–military relationship in which state and society have a duty to care for all those who have served and sacrificed in defense of the nation. In other words, this process is shaped by—and gives shape to—the complex professional identity of the individuals under examination: they are private military contractors and, at the same time, armed forces veterans.
More Than Virality: Online Sharing of Controversial News With Activated Audience
Authors: Kim Eun-mee , Ihm Jennifer
Published: March 2019

In contrast to earlier studies that focus on virality, we examine how individuals share controversial news online by accounting for audience features. The results from surveys of 400 individuals suggest that they are more likely to share highly controversial news (a) on open, asymmetrical social media or (b) with communication partners with a low frequency rather than a high frequency, but are more likely to share moderately controversial news (c) on closed, symmetrical social media. This study implies that interpersonal motives determine the online path of controversial news and that media environments play unique roles in moderating and spreading controversies in society.
(Pretty) Lady First: Effects of Mate-Related Motives on the Item-Selection Orders of Faces With Varying Attractiveness
Authors: Zhang Yuchi , Li Xinyu , Li Ping , Jia Xiaoyu , Li Weijian
Published: March 2019

Evolutionary theories suggest that fundamental mating-related motives might exert specific effects on human cognition and behaviors. Based on the evolutionary perspective, our prior research illustrated that the activation of mating-related motives leads to a study-time allocation bias toward highly attractive female faces. While study-time allocation is one of the aspects of the self-regulated learning process, it is unclear whether mating motives affect study decision behaviors (as measured by item-selection orders) during the learning process. Therefore, the present study followed the logic of previous research and aimed to examine the effects of mating-related motives on item-selection orders for face–name associations among faces with varying attractiveness. In two experiments, after an imagery procedure, participants in mating-related priming conditions (Experiment 1: mate search, Experiment 2: mate guarding) or control conditions performed an item-selection task. Participants were shown 16 female faces with varying attractiveness on a computer screen and were instructed to decide the order for studying the faces and corresponding names. Experiment 1 showed that activating mate-search motives led male participants to prioritize the choice of highly attractive rather than less attractive faces for studying. In Experiment 2, compared to the participants in the control condition, female participants in the mate-guarding priming condition were more likely to prioritize the choice of highly attractive rather than less attractive faces for studying. The present findings clarify that mating-related motives affect the item-selection prioritization of faces with varying attractiveness.
Exploring instructional leadership in Iran: A mixed methods study of high- and low-performing principals
Authors: Hallinger Philip , Hosseingholizadeh Rezvan
Published: March 2019

The purpose of this study is to understand and describe patterns of principal instructional leadership practice in Iranian primary schools and to then assess whether there are differences between the high- and low-rated principals. A mixed methods design was used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data from principals and teachers within Iranian primary schools. The quantitative data were collected and analyzed from 535 teachers and 70 principals across the 70 primary schools. Next, we used ratings on the Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale to identify four of the highest and lowest performing principals. We then conducted open-ended interviews with teachers and principals in these schools. The key findings showed that, despite working in a highly centralized context, the highly ranked principals in the sample were also differentiated from their lower ranked peers on specific instructional leadership practices. They appeared to give more emphasis to their role in developing the quality of teaching and learning and monitoring student progress. In this setting, ensuring a collegial and collaborative environment for teachers is commonly articulated by the successful principals in our study as an important aspect of instructional leadership.
Associations of Patient and Staff Outcomes With Inpatient Unit Designs Incorporating Decentralized Caregiver Workstations: A Systematic Review of Empirical Evidence
Authors: Jimenez Francesqca E. , Puumala Susan E. , Apple Michael , Bunker-Hellmich Lou Ann , Rich Renae K. , Brittin Jeri
Published: March 2019

Objectives:

This systematic literature review synthesizes and assesses quality of research addressing associations of patient and staff outcomes with inpatient unit designs incorporating decentralized caregiver workstations.

Background:

A current hospital design trend is to include decentralized caregiver workstations on inpatient units. A review of literature addressing decentralized unit design is needed.

Methods:

The systematic review methodology was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Database searches were conducted for studies published in peer-reviewed journals through October 2017. Included were empirical studies associating patient and/or staff outcomes and unit design with decentralized caregiver workstations. Individual studies were evaluated for quality using established methods, and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) and GRADE-Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research (GRADE-CERQual) guided rigorous inspection of evidence quality and strength for quantitative outcomes and qualitative findings, respectively.

Results:

The search yielded 1,096 records with 36 full-text articles examined and 12 articles included in the final review. This work was dominated by studies with limited analyses. Staff outcomes have been most widely studied, especially collaboration/communication and walking. Overall, studies exploring decentralized nursing as a design intervention have produced limited results for both staff and patient outcomes. Strength of evidence of the current literature with quantitative methods as a whole was rated very low quality.

Conclusions:

Although varying degrees of caregiver workstation decentralization in inpatient units are now common, the literature addressing the impacts of such designs is of very low quality and shows inconsistency in associated outcomes. Rigorous, well-designed studies with consistently defined design and outcome measures are needed for greater confidence in determining any effects of decentralized unit design.
Physicians' lifestyle advice on primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention in Germany: A comparison between the STAAB cohort study and the German subset of EUROASPIRE IV
Authors: Tiffe Theresa , Morbach Caroline , Malsch Carolin , Gelbrich Götz , Wahl Valerie , Wagner Martin , Kotseva Kornelia , Wood David , Leyh Rainer , Ertl Georg , Karmann Wolfgang , Störk Stefan , Heuschmann Peter U ,   the STAAB Consortium
Published: March 2019

Background

We assessed prevalence and determinants in appropriate physician-led lifestyle advice (PLA) in a population-based sample of individuals without cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with a sample of CVD patients.

Methods

PLA was assessed via questionnaire in a subsample of the population-based Characteristics and Course of Heart Failure Stages A-B and Determinants of Progression (STAAB) cohort free of CVD (primary prevention sample) and the German subset of the fourth EUROASPIRE survey (EUROASPIRE-IV) comprising CVD patients (secondary prevention sample). PLA was fulfilled if the participant reported having ever been told by a physician to: stop smoking (current/former smokers), reduce weight (overweight/obese participants), increase physical activity (physically inactive participants) or keep to a healthy diet (all participants). Factors associated with receiving at least 50% of the PLA were identified using logistic regression.

Results

Information on PLA was available in 665 STAAB participants (55 ± 11; 55% females) and in 536 EUROASPIRE-IV patients (67 ± 9; 18% females). Except for smoking, appropriate PLA was more frequently given in the secondary compared with the primary prevention sample. Determinants associated with appropriate PLA in primary prevention were: diabetes mellitus (odds ratio (OR) 4.54; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.88–10.95), hyperlipidaemia (OR 3.12; 95% CI 2.06–4.73) and hypertension (OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.15–2.62); in secondary prevention: age (OR per year 0.96; 95% CI 0.93–0.98) and diabetes mellitus (OR 2.33; 95% CI 1.20–4.54).

Conclusions

In primary prevention, PLA was mainly determined by the presence of vascular risk factors, whereas in secondary prevention the level of PLA was higher in general, but the association between CVD risk factors and PLA was less pronounced.
Yoga Education Program for Reducing Drug Dependency and Promoting Better Asthma Control for Chronic Asthmatic Children: A Multicity Experiment
Authors: Pandya Samta
Published: March 2019

This article reports a 1-year long yoga education program (YEP) experiment aimed at reducing drug dependency and promoting better asthma control for chronic asthmatic children. Participants were 450 chronic asthmatic children across 4 cities. Two measures were used: Pediatric Asthma Diary (PAD) and Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT). Results indicated that intervention group children had better asthma control in terms of lower average PAD scores and higher C-ACT scores and reduced drug intake vis-à-vis the control group. Within the intervention cohort, asthma symptoms persistence was lower and control was higher for children from Asian cities, boys, Hindus, middle-class children, those whose mothers were their primary caregivers, who lived in standard family setups, who also attended the optional YEP rounds, and regularly self-practiced. The strongest predictor of lower posttest PAD scores and higher C-ACT scores was self-practice. The YEP can be used as an effective complementary treatment for chronic asthmatic children.
Evaluation of In Vivo Antidiarrheal Activity of 80% Methanolic Leaf Extract of Osyris quadripartita Decne (Santalaceae) in Swiss Albino Mice
Authors: Teferi Meseret Yigzaw , Abdulwuhab Mohammedbirhan , Yesuf Jibril Seid
Published: March 2019

The leaf of Osyris quadripartita is traditionally used for the management of diarrhea in different parts of Ethiopia. However, its use has not been scientifically validated for its efficacy. The aim of this study was to investigate antidiarrheal activity of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of O. quadripartita in mice models. Different doses of the methanolic leaf extract of O. quadripartita (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) were tested for antidiarrheal activity using castor oil–induced diarrhea, enteropooling, and gastrointestinal motility models in Swiss Albino mice. The activities of the extract at different doses were compared with standard drugs and negative control groups of mice. The extract at all tested doses resulted in significant reduction ( P < .01) in number of wet feces, whereas significant reduction ( P < .01) in frequency of defecation in castor oil–induced diarrhea was seen at a dose of 400 mg/kg. It also showed a dose-dependent and significant reduction of volume of intestinal content in the enteropooling model at all tested doses and the observed results in 200 and 400 mg/kg were better than the standard drug, loperamide. However, significant antimotility effect was not observed at any of the tested doses. From these results we can conclude that methanolic leaf extract of O. quadripartita showed antidiarrheal activity.
Theorizing the International Criminal Court’s Model of Justice: The Victims’ Court?
Authors: Jain Isha
Published: March 2019

Theoretical models of criminal justice are important tools for identifying the value systems that underpin the various criminal justice systems of the world. Hailed as the ‘victims’ court’ for conferring wide-ranging participatory rights to victims at all stages of the criminal process, the International Criminal Court and its constitutive treaty, the Rome Statute, offer an interesting subject matter of analysis from this theoretical standpoint. The focus of this article will be on studying the ICC’s practice and procedure in relation to victim participation, in order to identify the values of criminal justice that influence these processes.
Q-compensated viscoelastic reverse time migration using mode-dependent adaptive stabilization scheme
Authors: Wang Yufeng , Zhou Hui , Zhao Xuebin , Zhang Qingchen , Chen Yangkang
Published: March 2019

The [Formula: see text]-compensated viscoelastic reverse time migration ([Formula: see text]-ERTM) method counteracts the subsurface quality-factor ([Formula: see text]) filtering effect for attenuated multicomponent seismic data to produce high-quality migrated images. Compared with [Formula: see text]-compensated viscoacoustic reverse time migration ([Formula: see text]-ARTM), [Formula: see text]-ERTM provides more informative geologic and structural characterization of the subsurface, but it poses greater challenges on viscoelastic wavefield decomposition and stabilization. On the basis of our previously proposed stabilization operator for [Formula: see text]-ARTM, we have developed a mode-dependent adaptive stabilization scheme for [Formula: see text]-ERTM, which has the ability to handle the numerical instability issue arising from viscoelastic compensation. The stabilization scheme exhibits superior properties of time variance and [Formula: see text] dependence over the commonly used low-pass filtering method. In the context of the viscoelastic wave equation with decoupled fractional Laplacians, we have thoroughly investigated the staggered-grid pseudospectral approach for viscoelastic simulation, vector-based wavefield decomposition for imaging, and mode-dependent adaptive stabilization for compensation. These indispensable modules eventually form the whole framework for stable and accurate [Formula: see text]-ERTM. The [Formula: see text]-ERTM results including PP- and PS-images from synthetic and field data sets are provided to verify the feasibility and superiority of our approach in terms of fidelity and stability.
The vulnerability paradox in global mental health and its applicability to suicide
Authors: Dückers Michel L. A. , Reifels Lennart , De Beurs Derek P. , Brewin Chris R.
Published: March 2019

Background

Previous research has identified a vulnerability paradox in global mental health: contrary to positive associations at the individual level, lower vulnerability at the country level is accompanied by a higher prevalence in a variety of mental health problems in national populations. However, the validity of the paradox has been challenged, specifically for bias from modest sample sizes and reliance on a survey methodology not designed for cross-national comparisons.

Aims

To verify whether the paradox applies to suicide, using data from a sizable country sample and an entirely different data source.

Method

We combined data from the World Health Organization 2014 suicide report and the country vulnerability index from the 2016 World Risk Report. Suicide was predicted in different steps based on gender, vulnerability and their interaction, World Bank income categories, and suicide data quality.

Results

A negative association between country vulnerability and suicide prevalence in both women and men was found. Suicide rates were higher for men, regardless of country vulnerability. The model predicting suicide in 96 countries based on gender, vulnerability, income and data quality had the best goodness-of-fit compared with other models. The vulnerability paradox is not accounted for by income or data quality, and exists across and within income categories.

Conclusions

The study underscores the relevance of country-level factors in the study of mental health problems. The lower mental disorder prevalence in more vulnerable countries implies that living in such countries fosters protective factors that more than compensate for the limitations in professional healthcare capacity.

Declaration of interest

None.
In silico docking analysis of CCL28 (C-C motif chemokine ligand 28) and astragalin as the potential inhibitor of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Noor Sadaf , Qousain Syeda Tahira , Muhammad Syed Aun
Published: March 2019

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory and chronic disease of the joints affecting 1% of the world’s population. Women are three times more likely to be affected than men. Many drugs are being used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis but they often have severe side effects. C-C motif chemokine ligand 28 (CCL28) recruits leukocytes and other proinflammatory factors to the site of joint inflammation. The purpose of the present research is the computational evaluation of astragalin, a natural flavonoid extracted from black tea, as an inhibitor of CCL28 by in silico docking.  

Methods: The three-dimensional structure of CCL28 to act as a molecular target was obtained from the Protein Data Bank (PDB ID: 6CWS). The quality of the CCL28 structure was assessed using Phyre2 and Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software was used for binding affinity analysis. Astragalin served as a ligand for docking and naproxen, a known drug for rheumatoid arthritis, was used as a standard for comparison.

Results: In molecular docking, astragalin showed significant binding affinity with the CCL28 target molecule, with a binding energy of -5.40 kcal/mol, in comparison with naproxen which has a binding energy of -4.87 kcal/mol. Astragalin has strong binding affinity for CCL28 as compared to standard naproxen.

Conclusion: This study revealed that astragalin could have the potential to serve as an inhibitor of CCL28 for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.