bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Vermicompost from Local Raw Materials on Tomato Productivity in Yakutia
Authors: Stepanova D I , Grigoriev M F , Grigorieva A I , Tatarinova Z G , Ivanov A I
Published: February 2021

The authors conducted an experiment on the effect of different types of biofertilizers (vermicomposts) on tomato productivity in Central Yakutia greenhouses. The experiment was replicated three times. The greenhouse soil mixture consisted of equal parts sod (turf), decomposed manure, and old wood shavings. The experimental data show the optimal specifications and timing of vermicompost addition. The dose of 100 grams of vermicompost per plant increased the tomato yield in July and August by 7.6 kg/m2 and in early yields by 1.6 kg/m2. The application of biofertilizer increased Vitamin C concentration by 22.8-25.6 mg% in fruits. The local vermicompost application method allowed to decrease the prime cost of tomato growing by 11%. As a result of this study, the authors developed a series of guidelines on vermicompost addition in the Yakutia environment that allowed maximizing yields while lowering prime costs.
Integrated Biochemical Estimation of Seabuckthorn Berries in Conditions of the Forest-Steppe Area of the Altai Krai
Authors: Kondrateva I A , Borodulina I D , Zubarev Yu A , Zemtsova A Ya
Published: February 2021

Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) is considered a multipurpose crop. Different parts of the plant are marked with a unique composition of nutrients and biologically active substances (soluble sugars, fatty acids, vitamins, organic acids, etc.). The study of biochemical composition is necessary for successful breeding and widening seabuckthorn utilization in medicine, food, and cosmetics industries. The paper presents the integrated biochemical features of seabuckthorn berries bred by the Lisavenko Institute in Barnaul, Russia (3 varieties and 58 hybrids). Biochemical analysis was carried out according to common research methods. We established the variability for such substances as soluble solids, sugars, vitamin C, titratable acids, oils, and sugar acids. Significant variability for sugars content (22%), vitamin C content (32%), and sugar-acid index (36%) was revealed. According to the assessment results, we selected 12 promising genotypes. We also identified genotypes combining maximum levels of 1–3 biochemical features.
Fatty Acids and Sterols in Avena Sativa L. in Yakutia Permafrost
Authors: Nokhsorov V V , Chirikova N K , Olennikov D N
Published: February 2021

The authors of this study examined the seasonal changes in qualitative and quantitative contents of fatty acids, total lipids, phospholipids, and sterols of the common oat (Avena sativa L.) that were sown at different times. They grow in Yakutia permafrost and undergo inter-season cold hardening. During the first phase of cold hardening (fall period), the total lipid content in oat biomass grows considerably. Moreover, the content of phospholipids and polyunsaturated fatty acids increased, compared them to other summer fodder plants. In fall, the amount of phosphatidylcholine in oats increased 3.9 times compared to summer. Alpha-linolenic polyunsaturated acid was predominant in summer and fall (14.8 mg/g and 28.4 mg/g in dry mass, respectively). The inter-season (summer-fall) dominance of polyunsaturated fatty acids at low above-zero temperatures allows keeping the membrane fluidity at a necessary level. The total sterol content in A. sativa biomass was 0.8%. The authors concluded that fall vegetation is the primary source of pre-winter fattening of the Far North herbivorous animals.
The Study of Chemical and Biological Fungicides for the Protection of Peas from Rust in the Forest-Steppe Zone of the Altai Krai
Authors: Zarevina K S , Stetcov G Ya , Silanteva M M
Published: February 2021

The paper presents the study of chemicals and biological chemicals for protecting peas against rust, a disease widespread throughout the world. Pisum sativum needs protection from this disease, which depresses the culture and reduces its productivity. The study used chemical (Falcon, EC, Alto Super, EC, Prozaro Quantum, EC) and biological (Bactofit, SC, Rizoplan, SL) fungicides. Field experiments were carried out in the plant protection laboratory of the Federal Altai Scientific Center for Agrobiotechnology in 2015 and 2017. The studies show that there are prospects for developing a biological method of protecting plants from diseases. The use of biological pesticides will reduce the burden on the environment. After all, for a long time, the agro-industrial complex adhered to intensive agriculture principles, which ultimately led to the degradation of resistance in agricultural land and pests to many chemical pesticides. On the totality of the studied factors, the biological fungicide Rizoplan, SL turned out to be the best for protecting pea crops against rust.
Regulating the Market of Food Additives: World and Domestic Experience
Authors: Glubokova L G , Kokhanenko D V , Bogdanova M M
Published: February 2021

The paper analyzes the domestic and foreign market of food additives and the risks associated with dietary supplements. Using research materials by world companies, the authors describe the main directions for regulating this market in developed countries. Nutritional supplements are located between food and pharmaceutical products. They are designed to treat acute malnutrition or specific dietary problems. The main share of food additives is distributed through pharmacies. Only one-third is provided through direct sales and other channels. The content of food additives must be strictly regulated at the state level and meet the standards of composition, purity, and safety. The international regulation of the food additives market is based on compliance with the Codex Alimentarius International Food Regulations (a set of averages). In some countries, the principle is established by national standards and laws. The purpose of the regulation is to distribute food additives that meet market standards and avoid significant risks (quality problems, health problems, climate change, and unethical behavior). The production and sale of food additives require strict control over product labeling, analysis of the composition, warning of side effects (prohibition of use), effectiveness (utility), and distribution channels.
Biodiesel Fuel Based on Rapeseed Oil
Authors: Latypov R M , Sergeev N S , Zapevalov M V
Published: February 2021

Many countries, including the Russian Federation, conduct research on replacing mineral fuel with environmentally friendly energy. One of these types can be a biodiesel fuel based on vegetable oils. Any oil can be used for this purpose; however, rapeseed oil fuel seems to be the most rational one. Even in ancient times, lanterns were used to light the streets and lubricate metal parts in contact with water and steam to prevent corrosion. It is currently used in hydraulic systems of tractors and agricultural machines. The study aims to determine comparative operational parameters of a diesel engine when running on diesel fuel and fuel based on rapeseed oil. Rapeseed oil differs significantly from diesel fuel in viscosity and flash temperature; if diesel viscosity is 4.3 mm2/s, rapeseed oil viscosity is 75.1 mm2/s. The mixture consisting of 75% rapeseed oil and 25% diesel fuel has a thickness of 36.0 mm2/s, and the density and lower combustion heat are close to the diesel fuel parameters. The studies on preparing the rapeseed oil and diesel fuel mixture have been carried out in the South Ural State Agrarian University. They resulted in developing a production line for making the fuel mixture and conducting the comparative tests of the D-240 engine when working on diesel mineral fuel and when working on fuel consisting of a mix of 75% rapeseed oil and 25% diesel fuel. The authors find that at a nominal frequency of engine crankshaft rotation (2,170 rpm), the engine efficient power is 53.3 kW, running both on diesel fuel and on a mixture of rapeseed oil and diesel fuel. With the same torque of 235 N/m, the efficient fuel mixture consumption is only 17 g/kWh more. This gives the reasons for using this mixture as a fuel in a diesel engine in terms of energy parameters.
Lipid Metabolism in Urban Residents with Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Sharlaeva E A , Bobina I V , Sokolova G G
Published: February 2021

The paper studies the lipid and lipoprotein spectrum in blood serum from Barnaul residents suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The authors examined 187 people (98 women and 89 men) with type 2 diabetes and CVD, aged 30-90. All subjects in the blood serum were tested for total cholesterol (TC), cholesterol of low-density lipoprotein (LDLC), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDLC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), and triglycerides (TG). The TC, LDLCl, VLDLC, HDLCl, and TG concentration were established on the Konelab automatic analyzer (manufactured by “Thermo Fisher Scientific Oy,” Finland). In the lipid spectrum of blood in women with CVD, the level of TC is above the reference values. A similar situation is observed with TG in the blood in patients with verified diabetes type 2 and CVD. The concentration of LDL cholesterol in the blood of women with cardiovascular pathologies exceeds the norm. The level of HDL cholesterol in men with type 2 diabetes, on the contrary, is below the reference values. There are significant differences in HDL cholesterol content in the blood between men and women with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, a significant difference in the level of TC and LDL-C is established in residents with both pathologies. Lipidogram indices are of prognostic value in CVD development in patients with type 2 diabetes and with cardiovascular pathologies.
Environment as a Socio-cultural Phenomenon
Authors: Popov E A , Kolesnikova O N , Zamjatina O N
Published: February 2021

The paper focuses on the environment as a socio-cultural phenomenon. The emphasis is made on identifying environmental trends. The study of the environment in this paradigm allows us to rethink the phenomenon axiologically, which changes the attitude towards the environment, sometimes in a radical way. The main research methods were the analysis of secondary data of applied research and an expert survey of specialists from three bordering states – Russia, Kazakhstan, and Mongolia. These methods ensure the full implementation of the research purpose. The following provisions present the main results: (1) the environment is perceived as a universal and regional value affecting the spiritual life of a person and society and ensuring their spiritual security; (2) management decisions in the environment should be associated with the understanding of this phenomenon as a socio-cultural one, which increases the degree of responsibility and importance of the environment for the continuity of generations of cultural carriers. The study justifies the need for a paradigm change in understanding the environment as a socio-cultural phenomenon.
The Influence of Environmental Factors on the Cardiovascular System and Quality of Mastering the Profession
Authors: Voronina I Yu , Bobkova D G
Published: February 2021

Meteosensitivity determines the state of human health. It is reflected in all areas of activity. The cardiovascular system is one of the most sensitive to changes in environmental factors. Its form is considered as the most vulnerable element in professional adaptation. The study aims to determine whether the state of the cardiovascular system depends on abiotic environmental factors in healthy people during industrial training. Additionally, we tried to determine whether the state of the cardiovascular system influences the quality of developed professional skills. We examined 84 girls between 17 and 21 during 26 weeks of practical training in the first and second shifts. We recorded their blood pressure and heart rate, and also calculated the Kerdo vegetative index. We monitored such abiotic factors as air temperature, precipitation, cloud cover, wind direction, velocity, and air pressure. We also considered the day of the week, time of the day, date, daylight hours, and Wolf relative number. The data were subject to correlation analysis. The results demonstrate that the mean group values of blood circulation indicators in vocational school students correlate to adaptive biorhythms, solar activity, weather, and environmental factors. The state of the students’ cardiovascular system affects the quality of mastering professional skills.
Environmental Values in the Structure of Student Values
Authors: Mititsina E A , Parfenova N B , Bizaeva A A
Published: February 2021

The study expands ideas of the role of environmental values in environmentally oriented behavior. The work aims to specify the structure of students’ ecological values, their relationship with other types of deals, as well as to analyze the intensity level of students’ environmental values compared to previously published works. An original standardized questionnaire was used to examine environmental values. Factor analysis of the obtained data revealed the structure of values. The ANOVA single-factor dispersion analysis was conducted to identify the effects of environmental matters on environmental behavior orientation. As a result, the students’ environmental costs were structured into three groups – the values of responsibility for the environment, the amount of pragmatic attitude to nature, and the importance of unity with the natural environment (as opposed to material costs well-being). Despite the high level of environmental values among students, their willingness to take personal responsibility for environmental issues is weak. The significant effects of values on behavioral intentions have been found only in terms of the certainty that environmental problems must be addressed at the level of political decisions and social activities. The results point to the need not only to promote environmental values among young people but also to engage them in conservation activities actively.
The Influence of the Relief and Granulometric Composition of the Arable and Illuvial Horizons of Sod-Podzolic Soil on the Formation of Physical and Chemical Properties and Productivity of Culture
Authors: Ragimov A O , Mazirov M A , Shenterova E M , Savoskina O A , Polin V D
Published: February 2021

The article presents research results on the water physical properties of sod-podzolic soils forming from binomial deposit sediments. The authors show that the granulometric composition of water-glacial deposits and the depth of the underlying rocks of sod-podzolic soils have adverse agrophysical properties. These properties affect crop productivity as a result of soaking crops in the autumn-winter period and a healthy moisture deficit in the vegetation period. The authors show the dependence of organic matter content, water-physical quantities on the range of particles of physical clay. The authors draw a clear differentiation of water physical properties along the profile of sod-podzolic soils.
The State of the Ash-Leaved Maple (Acer negundo L.) in the Barnaul Ribbon Pine Forest
Authors: Terekhina T A , Ovcharova N V , Elesova N V
Published: February 2021

Ash-leaved maple is one of the most aggressive alien species in most Russian regions. It was first brought to the Altai Krai in 1933. For a long time, maple had been used in the urban and village greenery planting and tree belt areas. Nowadays, it is actively settling along riverbanks, roadsides, abandoned lands, etc. Ash-leaved maple is a danger as a transformer species, preventing the pine’s reproduction in the unique natural communities – ribbon pine forests. We studied the state of the Acer negundo L. populations as a transformer species in the Barnaul ribbon pine forest. The maple population status was assessed by the transect method at the selected registration sites. The age of plants was determined by the method of T. A. Rabotnov. The first ordered branches were used for a more detailed characterization of the maple populations. The introduction of maples into the Pinus sylvestris L. communities is associated with a significant anthropogenic impact on the natural communities of the ribbon pine forest. There are pure maple communities formed in some places in the northern part of the ribbon pine forest. Throughout the Barnaul ribbon pine forest, the maple populations are normal and invasive only in the south part. The first-ordered maple branches in the southern part of the ribbon pine forest have signs of apex change associated with adverse ecological factors. The development indicators of maple trees along the entire ribbon pine forest were evaluated for the first time. The results indicate the high adaptability of maple to various ecological factors.
The Role of Environmental Safety in Integration Processes of the Greater Eurasia
Authors: Ivanov A V , Fotieva I V , Semilet T A
Published: February 2021

The article focuses on the prominent role of environmental security in international integration taking place in the Greater Eurasia area. The authors discuss and clarify the concepts of Greater Eurasia and ecological safety. The paper explains the thesis that environmental aspects of security should be given much greater attention, since environmental problems can lead to severe conflicts of national interests, or they can become the most important means of achieving interstate environmental agreements and creating ecological programs and projects, uniting people and ensuring common strategic interests. The authors classify global and regional environmental threats. Plenty of examples illustrate local environmental risks and their relation to regional security issues. Accordingly, two interconnected sets of measures are distinguished between two types of environmental threats (risks). The first set involves the active participation of countries in various international environmental programs. The second set of measures aims at developing mechanisms for systematic expert analysis of significant projects directly or indirectly affecting the environment of neighboring countries.
Integrating the Goals of Innovative and Sustainable Development in Science and Technology in Russia
Authors: Butakova M M , Sokolova O N , Zagaynova N L
Published: February 2021

The long-term competitiveness of national economies directly depends on their innovativeness. The paper analyzes a set of indicators measuring the impact of science and technology on national competitiveness. Among the indicators analyzed are the number and type of enterprises engaged in R&D, the volume of budget funding of science, and the number of developed and used advanced production technologies. Emphasizing the differences between the sustainable state and sustainable development, the authors discuss the need and practicality of supporting innovations to ensure the sustainable development of the Russian economy and the integration of goals of innovation and sustainable development. The reasoning of conclusions and proposals is based on official statistics and understanding of most critical aspects in scientific and technological development.
Legal Shortcomings of Preventing Infectious Diseases in Russian Convicted Persons
Authors: Detkov A P , Maloletkina N S , Kharitonovich E D
Published: February 2021

The paper focuses on the shortcomings of the legal regulation of preventing infectious diseases among the convicted people in Russia. The authors consider numerous legal documents. Using theoretical methods of cognition, the authors confirmed the need to improve existing legislation on preventing infectious diseases in convicts by making appropriate amendments to Article 1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. It is also necessary to amend Articles 18, 25, 39, 47.1, and 85 of the Penal Enforcement Code of the Russian Federation. We proposed consolidating preventive measures at the legislative level when a convict with a severe infectious disease is admitted to a correctional institution. It is also necessary to determine the body executing criminal punishment and establish various measures when such a disease is detected in a convicted person already in a correctional institution. The latter includes, among other things, broadening the grounds for introducing special conditions in the jail by identifying the epidemic among convicts sentenced to imprisonment. We suggested enshrining the possibility of suspending punishments not related to the isolation of convicted persons from society in emergency cases and the actual impossibility of executing sentence in the relevant Articles of the Penal Enforcement Code.
Some Recommendations on the Use of Background Values of the Concentration of Oil and Oil Products for Remediated Land
Authors: Rodikova A V , Kulizhskiy S P , Kallas E V , Merzlyakov O E
Published: February 2021

The study aims to solve the methodological problem of comparing the quantitative residual pollution of oil and oil products of an organogenic substrate (peat) that composes the surface of remediated land plots with background indicators of the content of this pollutant in the organic-mineral horizons of natural soils that have contrasting properties. To solve this problem, the method of recalculating the pollutant content through its layer-by-layer reserves was used. A case study illustrates a calculation option that allows you to evaluate the range of oil and oil products objectively after restoration work. The authors conclude that it is necessary to determine the different density as a parameter in the studied layers of 0–5 and 5–20 cm of ameliorant substrate and soil standards. The data availability allows recalculations to occur, taking into account the difference in properties of the compared substrates which build up land plots.
Indicators of Sustainable Development Goals in the Rural Territories of Russia
Authors: Glubokova L G , Kokhanenko D V , Lukina E V
Published: February 2021

This paper analyzes the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals [SDG] in the rural territories of Russia. The sustainable development of rural territories is a problem of world significance. The importance of the discussed problem is that economically steady and socially developed rural territories are the guarantors of stability, independence, and food security of the state. Therefore, the vector of their development becomes the priority direction of national policy. The solution to this scientific problem is the formation of a new scientific direction in studies of sustainable development of rural areas by justifying the necessary conceptual basis and defining indicators of regional development following the goals of sustainable development. The authors analyze rural territories with respect to the share of product output produced by the agricultural industry in the gross regional product (GRP). The correlation, dependence, or influence of the agricultural sector on the regional economy is shown. According to the received results, 57 Russian regions can be carried to rural territories that make more than 50% of all territory. The authors analyzed indicators of sustainable development of the rural territories included in the State program “Complex development of rural territories,” according to SDG. It is shown that not all SDGs were included in the state program of development of rural territories. However, Russia is at the level of world indicators in terms of achieving these goals.
The Prediction of the Trihalogenomethanes Content in Drinking Water: Infiltration Water Intake
Authors: Malkova M A , Beloliptsev I I , Kantor E A
Published: February 2021

This study aims to establish a connection between the trihalogenomethanes content in drinking water of an infiltration intake and parameters characterizing water quality (turbidity, chromaticity, oxidizability), chlorine doses, and water consumption. Trihalomethanes include chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane, and bromoform. It is known that trihalomethanes can harm public health. These compounds have a toxic polymorphism and can cause long-term effects, including carcinogenesis. It is shown that a satisfactory description of the trihalogenomethanes content can be obtained by modeling the annual cycle, taking into account the displacement of parameters (2-3 months), relative to the trihalogenomethanes content. Equations considering the displacement of water quality indicators have a high determination coefficient (0.95-0.97). The use of the same displacement for the time series of true values allows us to obtain equations with a sufficiently high determination coefficient, which indicates the possibility of their use for the predictive assessment of the trihalomethanes content in drinking water.
The Changes in Barnaul Park Zones over the Past 30 Years as an Indicator of the Depressive-Extensive Development of Society and Economy
Authors: Krotov A V , Korshunova E E , Zan V M
Published: February 2021

The authors argue that the decrease of green spaces in Barnaul is caused by the low economic and societal development of the Altai Krai. In this study, the authors analyze the development of park zones in Barnaul, especially of the the Industrialny [Industrial] District Park. The authors discuss the importance of park territories for leisure and recreation of unwealthy citizens. The correlation between the quality of urban life and the economic development of the city is made in the study. Moreover, it analyzes green spaces in the context of inclusive growth and sustainable development of the whole regional system. The paper assesses the greening of Barnaul districts, emphasizing the importance of green spaces in the emotional, psychological, and medical well-being of aperson. The authors presented a table with data on city districts, population, and areas of green spaces, as well as cadastral and satellite maps with the location of Industrialny Disrict Park. Based on the cartographical data, the authors calculated and demonstrated the areas lost in the post-Soviet period. Park zones become a sort of free capital, taken from public use in the interests of small population groups.
Converting husbandry waste into liquid organic fertilizer using probiotic consortiums (Lactobacillus sp., Rhodopseudomonas sp., Actinomycetes sp., Streptomyces sp.)
Authors: Amrullah S , Amin M. , Ali M
Published: February 2021

A synthetic fertilizer caused negative effects on soil and the environment. Thus, this study aimed at producing liquid organic fertilizer from cow urine using probiotic consortium consisting of Lactobacillus sp., Rhodopseudomonas sp., Actinomycetes sp., and Streptomyces sp. This study used a different number of bacteria and fermentation time. Quality of liquid organic fertilizer (N, P, K, C/N, pH ) was evaluated. The results showed that the N increased (1.0-2.3%) from days 1 to 12, and stagnant onwards. P increased (0.6-2.2%) with day 0 to 15, and stagnant until day 21. K increased (1.0-3.2%) with day 0 to 12, and stagnant until day 21. The C decreased (5.6-0.1%) with day 0 to 21. Furthermore, C/N decreased (5.62-0.03) from day 0 to 21. The pH increased (7.1-8.6) from day 0 to 21. On the other hand, N increased (1-2.54%) for an increase of microorganisms number (5-30 mL). P increased (1.2-2.2) for an increase in the number of microorganisms (5-25 mL), and stagnant until 30 mL. The K increased (1.5-3.3%) in increments of 5 to 30 mL. C value decreased (0.3-0.1%) from 5 to 30 mL. Meanwhile, the C/N decreased (0.3-0.04) from 5 to 30 mL. The pH was between 8.3-8.5.
Application of glycerol on bioplastic based carrageenan waste cellulose on biodegradability and mechanical properties bioplastic
Authors: Fauziyah S N , Mubarak A S , Pujiastuti D Y
Published: February 2021

The carrageenan industrial waste materials can be used bioplastic biodegradable production because has high cellulose content 71.38%. Bioplastics can easily degraded and flexible, it is necessary to add glycerol plasticizers, that can reduce internal hydrogen in intermolecular bonds that affected biodegradability and mechanical properties of bioplastics. This study aimed was to analyze the effect of glycerol application as plasticizers on bioplastics based carrageenan waste cellulose on biodegradability and analysis the best concentration of glycerol on bioplastics to get biodegradation standards and mechanical properties based on the review article. This research was experimental in testing biodegradability of carrageenan waste cellulose bioplastic with the addition of glycerol (1; 3; 5; 7% v/v) and review article on the mechanical properties of bioplastics and waste cellulose content. Experimental research used ANAVA data analysis and followed by DMRT. The results of this study were indicated that the glycerol has significantly effect (P <0.05) on the ability of biodegradation with the highest value of 39.20 + 0.87% - 40.34 + 0.78% for seven days at a concentration of 5-7%. Based on the review article, the concentration of glycerol on bioplastics cellulose that suitable with biodegradation standards and mechanical properties of bioplastics is 5%
Growth performance of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) supplemented with honey prebiotic in stagnant peat ponds
Authors: Silalahi H , Djauhari R , Monalisa S S
Published: February 2021

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of giving honey as a prebiotic in increasing the growth performance of freshwater pomfret (Colossoma macropomum). In this study, honey was mixed into the feed with the method coated at doses of 0.0%, 0.3%, 0.6%, and 0.9%. Fish with an initial body weight of 3-5 g are reared in three ponds with a total of 12 hapa nets measuring 1x1x1 (m3) (40 fish / hapa nets), that is, 4 hapa nets are placed in each pond. Thus, each treatment replication could be represented in each pond. Fish were fed treated with three replications for 60 days. The best growth performance during 60 days of maintenance indicated that honey supplementation with a dose of 0.6% was significantly different from other treatments in terms of the amount of feed intake 1195±0.01 g, FCR 1.12±0.00, feed efficiency 90.34±0.00 %, the daily growth rate was 3.88±0.02 %, and the body weight gain rate was 778.53±0.01 %. It can be concluded that the administration of honey with a dose of 0.6% is effective in improving the feed conversion ratio, increasing feed efficiency, daily growth rate, body weight gain, and reducing the amount of feed consumption of freshwater pomfret in inundated peat fish ponds.
Fish oil extraction as a by-product of Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) fish processing with dry rendering method
Authors: Suseno S H , Rizkon A K , Jacoeb A M , Kamini  , Listiana D
Published: February 2021

Tilapia (Oreochromissp.) is the raw material for the fish fillet industry. The fish fillet process has a by-product in the form of fish viscera which is used for tilapia fish oil production. The quality of tilapia oil in Indonesia is low and only used as and additive to animal feed. The oxidation and free radicals in fish oil can be affected by high temperature and period of extraction The purpose of this study is determine the best temperature and period of extraction with the dry rendering method which can produce fish oil with quality characteristics according to International Fish Oil Standards (IFOS). Not all of the combinations of temperature and extraction time were suitable, but in the treatment of tilapia fish oil with a temperature of 50°C, 1 hour, the FFA value was 1.18%, PV 7.51mEq / kg, p-AV 5.57mEq / kg, and TOTOX 20.59mEq / kg. The quality characteristics of tilapia fish oil from bleaching magnesium silicate have met the IFOS requirements.
Study of crude extract yield and gonad maturity level of sea cucumber Phylloporus dobsoni correlation
Authors: Andriyono S , Masithah E D , Winarni D
Published: February 2021

The study of the yield of n-hexane extract on the body wall of Phylloporus dobsoni sp. Is the first research conducted in Indonesia. This study aims to measure the n-hexane extract of the body wall of sea cucumber P. dobsoni which is related to the maturity level of the gonads. The measurement results obtained that the average wet weight and dry weight of sea cucumber body wall was 23.58 grams of body wall wet weight, body wall dry weight 5.56, gonad weight 4.02, and GSI value 18.03. Judging from the histology of male sea cucumber gonads, it is known that they have grown and grown at an advanced stage with an average content of n-hexane extract at an average value of 0.202 grams and 0.266 grams, respectively. Whereas in the female group there are all stages of growth, continued growth, maturity, recovery and post-spawning. The content of n-hexane extract showed an increase in the range of 0.085; 0.2506; 0.278; 0.354 and 0.3045. The increase in extract content in male and female sea cucumbers is possible as a protective mechanism from predation and protection in preserving offspring.
Techniques of additional Kappaphycus alvarezii on seaweed face mask production
Authors: Prima N R , Andriyono S
Published: February 2021

The need for a wide variety of cosmetic products such as masks that require natural active ingredients provides an opportunity for the use of seaweed as a cosmetic ingredient. Kappaphycus alvarezii, one carragaenophtytes, capable of forming a gel in the seaweed to produce good pasta. Ultraviolet radiation is one cause of skin damage all concerned in the cosmetic industry. These include skin damage is skin ageing, several changes in the skin, and skin cancer. Some studies found that some types of seaweed that have antioxidant potential can be applied in cosmetics. Applications antioxidants compounds in cosmetics have functioned as an anti-ageing, protection of body cells, bleach, and UV light protective. Mechanical processing products face mask with the addition of seaweed in BBP2HP through two phases, flouring processes raw materials and making processes seaweed facial mask. Face mask-making techniques with seaweed addition initiated by heating and mixing the oil phase, the aqueous phase, and filler. The addition of seaweed into the face mask can form a thermo-reversible gel that can stabilize the mask preparation and the result of mask-shaped is pasta.
The effect of washing on the making of surimi and kamaboko tilapia (Oreochromis sp.)
Authors: Saputra E , Tjahjaningsih W , Abdillah A A
Published: February 2021

The aims this research is to determine the effect of leaching and raw materials on frozen storage on the quality of surimi and kamaboko tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). There are three types of raw materials used, namely fillet, minced fish, and minced fish + sorbitol, with three washing treatments. The method used consisted of measuring pH, moisture content, bite test, and fold test. Then the results show that the best kamaboko for tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) is obtained from fillet raw materials compared to minced fish raw materials and minced fish + sorbitol raw materials, with a washing frequency of one time.
Molecular identification and prevalence of endoparasite worms in Silver pompano (Trachinotus blochii) in floating net cages of Mari-culture Center, Lampung
Authors: Haryanto L N F , Subekti S , Ardiyanti H B , Amiin M K , Akbar R E K , Achmadi I , Yudarana M A
Published: February 2021

Silver pompano (Trachinotus blochii) is one type of mari-culture that has high economic value and both national and international markets. The cultivation technique of silver pompano (T. blochii) used in floating net cages is inseparable from the common problems in every cultivation activity. one of these obstacles is the problem of infectious diseases, where is caused by disturbances this disease causes in fish metabolism by organisms such as parasites. The aim of this study was to identify the types of endoparasite worms based on molecular and the prevalence of endoparasite worms in silver pompano in floating net cages of Mari-culture Center, Lampung. It was done by taking 45 samples of fish with a length of 15-25 cm using a purposive sampling method. The observed internal organ of fish, then molecular identification, was carried out with conventional PCR and prevalence calculation. This study showed there was Camallanus carangid by DNA amplification fragments with a band of 972 bp and the prevalence value of 8.8%.
Enlargement technique of humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) with floating nets cage
Authors: Pamungkas G Y , Sari L A
Published: February 2021

Grouper became an important export commodity especially to Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore and China. National and international market demand for humpback grouper which continues to increase causes overfishing in the sea. Humpback grouper is cultivated by using floating net cages to reduce dependence on nature. The working methods used in the study are direct observation to obtain primary and secondary data. The results have been carried out, the technique of enlarging humpback grouper begins with the preparation of floating net cages. Every cage checked and installed nets. The breedstock that have been spreaded are fed trash fish once a day in the morning. Grading is done once a month to reduce fish cannibalism levels. The water temperature in cages ranges from 30-30.6°C, salinity 34-35 ppt, pH 8.09-8.2 and dissolved oxygen 5.0-5.3 ppm. Prevention of pests and diseases is carried out by changing the net periodically, cleaning cages, and dipping with fresh water. SR value of 50%, FCR 3.27, and growth rate of 0.4167 grams. Humpback Grouper in Floating nets cage is not best for growth but is able to optimize production.
Substitution of patin Pangasius pangasius flour in making sticks as an alternative of food high protein and source of calcium for autism patients
Authors: Amelia V , Subekti S , Sulmartiwi L
Published: February 2021

The wrong food choice is one of the causes of the increasing prevalence of autism in Indonesia. Casein Free and Gluten Free (CFGF) therapy can be done to minimize this problem. The application of CFGF therapy can reduce the nutritional value of protein, and calcium in people with autism. Patin flour is a diversified processed fishery product that has a higher nutritional value than wheat flour. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of substitution of patin flour on the making of sticks as an alternative to high protein food, and a source of calcium for autism sufferers. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 4 treatments, namely the percentage of patin flour (0, 22, 27, and 32% w/w). The results of this study indicated that the substitution of patin flour had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the levels of protein, and calcium produced. 32% substitution of patin flour is the treatment with the highest protein, and calcium. Based on the provisions of the BPOM, it can be used as high protein food, and a source of calcium in meeting the nutritional adequacy rate every day.
Microbial quality and diversity of Caesio cunning and Scolopsis taenioptera harvested by using trap and trawl fishing techniques
Authors: Suhaimi M , Karim N U
Published: February 2021

The degradation of fish quality and quantity along the supply chain contributes to the postharvest losses. Lack of hygienic practices, non-preprocessing fish and rough handling are the main factors of lowering the catch qualities. This study aims to investigate the microbiology quality and their diversity on coral fishes harvested from two different fishing techniques; trap and trawl. Two fish species; Caesio cunning and Scolopsis taenioptera were subjected to total bacteria, total coliform, Enterobacteriaceae sp., Pseudomonas sp., and yeast and mould analysis. The bacteria identification were further studied using Biomerieux Vitex identification system. The total bacteria count of Caesio cunning and Scolopsis taenioptera harvested by using trap showed a significant (p<0.05) lower amount compared similar species harvested using trawl technique. Furthermore, the pathogenic bacteria and yeast and moulds of Caesio cunning harvested from trap were significantly (p<0.05) lower compared to similar species harvested from trawl techniques. However, there is no significant difference of total coliform, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas sp. and yeast and moulds found in Scolopsis taenioptera caught from either trap or trawl. The microflora found in both fish species was dominated by Aeromonas sp. Aeromonas sp. is a Gram-negative bacteria, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped.
Characteristics physicochemical of melanin from squid ink (loligo sp.) extracted by ethanol
Authors: Abidin F , Sulmartiwi L , Saputra E
Published: February 2021

Squid ink is liquid waste from the fishery product processing industry, it has the potential to pollute the environment because it contains a lot of organic material. Squid ink contains pigment such as melanin which is a biological material and has many benefits. Extraction using polar solvents namely Ethanol. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different concentrations of ethanol solvents on the extraction of melanin from squid ink (Loligo sp.) on physicochemical characteristics. The treatment used is the difference in the concentration of the solvent given, namely HCl 2 M (P0), Ethanol 2 M (P1), and Ethanol 3 M (P2) each treatment was repeated six times. The parameters of this study were protein content, fat content, and ash content), and pigment colour analysis (FT-IR) test. The results of the study showed that the difference in the concentration of the solvent used affected the yield, proximate values (protein content, fat content, and ash content), and did not eliminate the melanin content in it after the FT-IR test. The characteristics physicochemical of melanin has a different result on every parameter test. The concentration of ethanol for extracted melanin from squid ink affects the characteristics of physicochemical.
Characterization of semi-refined kappa-carrageenan from Kappaphycus alvarezii with different solvents in Tanjung Sumenep
Authors: Noor H M , Alamsjah M A , Andriyono S
Published: February 2021

The quantity and quality of carrageenan produced is influenced by the method of extraction and the solvent. Characterization of the carrageenan products necessary to get certain standards so the carrageenan product acceptable to consumers both locally and internationally. The purpose of this research was to determine the solvents that can produce carrageenan from Kappaphycus alvarezii with the best characteristics and to compare the results of the extraction of carrageenan with international standards in order to obtain a standardized carrageenan. The results showed that the solvent produce a kappa-carrageenan from K. alvarezii with the best characteristics is NaOH 0.5 N. Kappa-carrageenan has been able to compared FAO, FCC and Marine Science Co., Ltd. standards for parameters : Gel strength, viscosity, sulfate content and ash content. Alkali able to extract and modify mu-carrageenan (precursor) into a kappa-carrageenan. The extraction process uses alkali caused the event ion exchange between cations in the solvent (K+ or Na+) ions with sulphate in the sea grass that reduced sulfate content. Need to do more research on the characterization of carrageenan include microbiological tests as well as the shelf life of carrageenan test.
Substitution of commercial feed with maggot meal (Hermetia illucens) to the growth rate, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency catfish (Pangasius pangasius)
Authors: Ulumiah M , Lamid M , Pursetyo K T
Published: February 2021

One of the problems in the manufacture of artificial feed, among others, is a source of animal protein, that still use fish meal as a source of animal protein, so it is Necessary to find alternative feed ingredients one using commercial feed with flour substitution maggot, This research method using experimental methods and completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications items, namely P0 (0%), P1 (24%), P2 (49%), P3 (74%) and P4 (94%) measured parameters were growth rate, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency. Analysis of the data using variant analysis (ANOVA) Followed by Duncan test multiple. ANOVA test research results indicate Significantly different (P <0.05) on growth rate, feed conversion ratio and feed efficiency catfish. The average value growth from 0.0650 to 0.0850, while the feed conversion ratio indicated resources by the average value of 1,1089-1.2625, and the results of catfish feed efficiency at 79.2%-90.3%, and water quality results Obtained from 2.5 to 30 ° C temperature, pH 6.5-8, and 3.6-4 DO. Based on this research maggot meal can be farmers are advised to use a substitute for commercial feed.
Effect of sublethal dose organophosphate pesticides on embryogenesis and hatching rate of silver rasbora eggs (Rasbora argyrotaenia)
Authors: Prastika A B , Sulmartiwi L , Lutfiyah L
Published: February 2021

Silver rasbora is a fish that lives in freshwater, especially in river waters. However, the presence of silver rasbora fish is currently difficult to find due to environmental pollution. One of them is organophosphate pollution. This research aims to know how the effect of organophosphate pesticides with sublethal doses on embryo development and the hatchability of silver rasbora fish eggs. The research method was an experiment with a Completely Randomized Design as an experimental design. The treatments used were different organophosphate concentrations: 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 ppm, each treatment repeated four times. The main parameters were embryo development and hatchability of silver rasbora fish eggs. Statistical analysis using Analysis of Variance and to find out the difference between one treatment and the other treatment is Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the treatment of different organophosphate concentrations had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the speed of embryo development and the hatchability of silverfish eggs. The fastest embryo development occurred in treatment two ppm and the slowest at treatment 0 ppm. The highest hatchability of silverfish eggs was found in treatment K (93%) and the lowest in treatment two ppm (19.5%), which was not significantly different from treatment 1.5 ppm (26%).
Substitution of commercial feed with fermented banana peel flour (Musaceaea sp.) and fish meal to crude protein, energy, crude lipid and organic matter of meat in siamese catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus)
Authors: Darmawan R Z , Ghaisani S M , Agustono  , Al-Arif M A
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of commercial feed substitution using fermentation of banana peel flour and fish meal on crude protein content, energy, crude fat, and organic matter in siamese catfish. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of five treatments and four replications. The treatments used included P0 (100% commercial feed), P1 (commercial feed 95% + 5% FTKPTI), P2 (commercial feed 90% + 10% FTKPTI), P3 (commercial feed 85% + 15% FTKPTI) and P4 ( commercial feed 80% + 20% FTKPTI). The parameters observed were crude protein content, energy, crude fat, and organic materials in the siamese catfish meat. The data obtained were then analyzed using ANOVA. The results showed that crude protein content in fish receiving fermentation of banana peel flour was significant different than those fish receiving fish meal (p <0.05). Furthermore, there was no significant difference (p> 0.05) on energy content, there was a significant difference (p <0.05) on crude fat content and there was no significant difference (p> 0.05) on the organic matter content in the siamese catfish meat. Fermented banana peel flour and fish meal can be used as a substitute for commercial feed up to a dose of 20%.