bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Whole-body vibration protects against early brain injury and neuroinflammation after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Wang Yue , Ding Yingying , Zhang Wang , Sheng Yu , Chen Tao , Wang Yuhai
Published: December 2022

Whole body vibration (WBV), as a form of physical stimulation through mechanical vibration, has been proved to have neuroprotective effects on a variety of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, whether WBV plays a neuroprotective role in early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has not been well demonstrated. Herein, we focused on investigating the potential mechanism of the therapeutic effects of WBV on SAH-induced mice. The endovascular perforation was performed to induce SAH in C57BL/6J male mice. The mice were exposed to WBV twice a day at a frequency of 30 Hz for 20 days. The curative actions of WBV were assessed using the modified Garcia scale and the beam balance scoring system, along with measuring brain water content 24 h after SAH induction. TUNEL staining was performed to observe the apoptotic cells. Immunofluorescence staining was used to evaluate the expression of astrocytes and microglia in mice's cerebral cortex. Additionally, the ELISA assay was performed to detect inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, IL-18, and IL-1β. Western blot was conducted to explore the expression analysis of apoptosis-associated proteins (cleaved Caspase-3). Morris Water Maze (MWM) test and rotarod test were used to evaluate the long-term neurological function of mice. Nissl staining was used to evaluate the loss of neurons in the hippocampus of mice. Our study illustrated that WBV can reduce brain water content without significantly affecting the weight of mice. Also, the TUNEL-positive cell counts of the cerebral cortex of mice in the SAH+WBV group were significantly reduced compared with that in the SAH group. The protein level of cleaved Caspase-3 in the SAH+WBV group was also decreased than that in the SAH group. Immunofluorescence staining showed that WBV suppressed the high expression of GFAP and Iba-1 caused by SAH. MWM assay and rotarod test revealed that the long-term neurological dysfunction of mice following SAH was attenuated by WBV treatment compared with SAH-induced mice, which may be closely related to the low level of neuronal loss in the hippocampal regions. Our research demonstrated that WBV treatment can reduce EBI and neuroinflammation and improve the long-term neurological dysfunction of mice after SAH, which provides a new possibility for clinical treatment of SAH in the future.
Labor Market Flows Between the Two World Wars: Estimates for Interwar Italy, 1921-1940
Authors: Vojnovic Jovan , Magnini Gino
Published: December 2022

This paper estimates Italy’s labor market flows between 1921 and 1940 by exploiting evidence from three population censuses in 1921, 1931 and 1936. We compute historical series for the working-age population, inactive population, labor force and unemployed individuals. Further, we estimate seasonal agricultural workers to obtain a new unemployment series. We also estimate all labor market flows and series by gender in order to shed light on gender-based differences in labor outcomes in this period. Our estimates show that the Italian interwar period was characterized by falling labor participation and large increases in inactivity, primarily driven by women leaving the labor force. Our estimates are also reassessing the evolution of unemployment in the 1920s and 1930s. Unemployment rates were fairly high during the 1920s, with almost a third of unemployment made up of agricultural seasonal workers. Following the Great Depression, unemployment rates fell considerably due to the outflow of workers from the labor force. Finally, we estimate significant gender differences in labor market outcomes while both male and female participation and unemployment rates experience long-term negative trends.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and oral health: A case-control study
Authors: Heidarpour Maryam , Mazroui Alireza , Azimipour Yasmin , kabirzadeh Arefeh , Manshaee Behrad , Rabbanipour Najmeh , Najimi Arash , Rezvanian Hassan , Shafie Davood , Faghihian Elham
Published: December 2022

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the main causes of disability and mortality in human societies. This study aims to investigate oral health changes in patients with T2DM.
Methods: A total of 70 T2DM cases and 140 non-diabetic controls were selected. A questionnaire was applied to gather data of the clinical history. An oral exam was performed to determine taste disorder, xerostomia, community periodontal index (CPI), premalignant lesions of the oral cavity, geographic tongue, candida-related lesions, and decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index.
Results: The mean age of cases and control group was 52.29±6.62 years and 49.64±12.78 years Respectively. Participants with T2DM were more likely to had a higher DMFT index [odds ratio (OR), 1.24; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.11-1.38, p<0.0001], coated tongue (OR, 3.25; 95%CI, 1.08-9.79, p=0.04), and xerostomia (OR, 5.64; 95%CI, 1.01-31.50, p=0.04) compared with non-diabetic participants. Also, among diabetic patients, the use of oral diabetes medication or insulin, as well as good (HbA1c ≤ 7%) or poor glycemic control, was not associated with oral health disorders.
Conclusion:This study revealed that physicians should pay more attention to the oral and dental issues of diabetic patients regardless of diabetes control status.
EFFECT OF BREASTFEEDING ON RISK OF DEVELOPING INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
Authors: Tenlik İlyas , Öztürk Ömer , Çoşkun Orhan , Arı Derya , Bacaksız Ferhat , Yüksel Mahmut , Yeşil Bayram , Durak Muhammed Bahaddin
Published: December 2022

Purpose:This study aimed to investigate whether breastfeeding in early childhood affect the risk of devoloping IBD.
Methods:In order to investigate the effect of breast milk on the development of IBD and in order to reduce the effects of genetic and environmental factors, the patient data obtained from the survey were compared to the data of their non-IBD siblings as a control group.
Results: The data of 122 Crohn's disease patients were compared with the sibling group of 332 individuals, and the data of 182 ulcerative colitis patients with the sibling group of 508 individuals. Compared to the control group, it was determined that the proportion of those who never breastfed was statistically significantly higher in both the CD and UC groups (7.4% vs. 2.1% for CD, p=0.017 and 3.9% vs. 0.8% for UC, p=0.01), and the risk of disease increased significantly in those who wasn’t breastfed (OR= 3.70 [1.35-10.16] for CD, p=0.017 and OR= 5.07 for UC [1.47-17.53], p=0.010). It was determined that the protective effect increased against CD as the duration of breastfeeding increased, but that the protection increased with breastfeeding for up to 12 months for UC, and breastfeeding for more than 12 months did not provide additional protection. There was no relationship between breastfeeding and demographic and behavioral chracteristics of patients.
Conclusions: Not having been breastfed in infancy increases the risk of developing both UC and CD, and as the duration of breastfeeding increases, the protection against disease risk increases.
Synthesis of novel modified acrylamide copolymers for montmorillonite flocculants in water-based drilling fluid
Authors: Faridi Shirin , Mobinikhaledi Akbar , Moghanian Hassan , Shabanian Meisam
Published: December 2022

A study was conducted to treat the water-based drilling fluid through coagulation-flocculation. A series of acrylamide copolymers was prepared by in situ free radical polymerization in aqueous medium using ammonium persulfate as a radical initiator. The chemical structure of the prepared copolymers was confirmed by FT-IR and the polydispersity indices of the copolymers determined using gel permeation chromatography. Thermal gravimetric analysis showed that the copolymers have a very high temperature tolerance, i.e. they are stable up to 390°C. In this paper, acrylamide copolymers were used as coagulant with cationic, anionic groups or both of them simultaneously. Consequently, in order to clarify the relationship between inhibitive properties, sedimentation volume measurement, SEM, XRD and contact angle were adopted. Some factors including molecular weight and molecular chain affecting the interaction between copolymers and clay particles were analyzed. Anionic sample with the highest molecular weight can reduce the interlayer spacing of the hydrated clay to the minimum. Amphoteric sample exhibit the best performance as a coagulant in comparison with other copolymers.
WITHDRAWN: Oral Health Knowledge and Attitude among Nursing Students and Staff in Mahasamund City, India
Authors: Chandrakar Mayank , Prabhu Shruti
Published: December 2022

Introduction
The study was conducted to assess the oral health knowledge and attitude among nursing students and staff of Mahasamund city, India.
Materials and Methods
A total of 281 nursing students and staff from nursing colleges were included and requested to complete 25 questions close ended questionnaire.
Results
53% were of the view that tooth paste and brush is ideal material for brushing. Almost 66.4% reported that brushing should be done twice daily. Majority of them (65%) had sufficient knowledge for detection of Dental Caries. Most of them (70%) were interested in doing work in Public Health Dentistry.
Conclusion
Overall oral health knowledge and attitude of nursing students and staff was insufficient. Only half of the study participants were aware of various aspects of oral health. Nurses should have basic knowledge about oral health and disease.
Assessment of Preschool Preparedness Intervention Package on Adoption of Nutrition Friendly School Initiative in Rural Sindh, Pakistan: An Exploratory Sequential Mixed Method Design
Authors: Samnani Amir Ali Barket Ali , Karmaliani Rozina , Nuruddin Rozina , Petrucka Pammla , Soofi Sajid
Published: December 2022

Background
Early years of life are crucial for growth and development; any adverse events (such as nutrition deficiencies) during this period significantly influence children’s life-course developmental trajectories to maturity. In 1995, the World Health Organization launched its Global School Health Initiative with the aim of expanding the Health Promoting School (HPS) approach globally. Therefore the primary objective of this study is to assess the preschool preparedness intervention package in adoption of Nutrition Friendly School Initiative.
Methodology:
An exploratory sequential mixed method study design was carried out in three campuses of Aga Khan School (Mirpur Sakro, Junior Campus Vur, community-based school Sujawal) in the Sindh province of Pakistan. Study participants (children & parents) were selected using purposive sampling. Data collection includes in-depth interviews with the school community, pre & post assessment of knowledge of parents, baseline and end-line nutrition status of preschool children of age 24-59 months and beyond, and baseline & end line assessment of Preschool preparedness using checklist
Results/outcomes:
The qualitative findings has informed additional measures (setting up nutrition theme corner, including parenting package in manual, aligning school nutrition policy with school handbook, launch of special campaign for engagement and awareness purpose with parents) that were adapted within the intervention package. Preschool preparedness also improved from 10 points to 22 points out of 26 indicators (with some indicators labeled at not applicable). The knowledge of parents on nutrition and health promoting manual has been enhanced with mean improvement of 7.17 points (out of 25 points). Also the mean increase in MUAC, height and weight of preschool children are 0.27cm, 0.6cm and 0.26kg respectively.
Discussion and conclusion:
This initiative has improved preschools preparedness in creating an enabling environment in addressing health and nutritional problems within and beyond the classroom. Program implementers should not ignore this nexus of health, nutrition, and early child development by utilizing school platforms to improve the nutrition status and prevent all forms of malnutrition. Policy takeaway include initiating a school accreditation program to certify schools as Nutrition friendly and utilized the developed school nutrition policy developed to feed the development of National Nutrition Friendly school policy
Challenges and chances coexist: A visualized analysis and bibliometric study of research on bioresorbable vascular scaffolds from 2000 to 2022
Authors: Zhang Xiaohan , Guo Zezhen , Zhu Lihong , Liu Yao , Wang Huan , Jiang Yuchen , Du Bai , Hu Yuanhui
Published: December 2022

Background: Bioresorbable scaffold (BVS) provides a transient supporting force for blocked vessels and allows them to return to previous physiological characteristics. After the verification with twists and turns, it has been acknowledged as an emerging revolution of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which expresses the current concept of intervention without placement. Through this bibliometric study, we organize the knowledge structure of bioresorbable scaffolds and attempt to predict future research hotspots in this field.
Methods: 12371 articles were retrieved from the WEB OF SCIENCE CORE COLLECTION (WoSCC) database from 2000-2022. Then, we utilize CiteSpace 6.1.R2 and VOSviewer 1.6.18 to analyze the data visually.
Results: Firstly, according to the spatial analysis, the quantity of annual publications shows an approximately increasing trend over the past two decades. The USA, the People’s Republic of China, and GERMANY published the most articles about bioresorbable scaffolds. Secondly, SERRUYS P ranked first for his most prolific work and the highest cited frequency in this domain. Thirdly, the hotspots in this field can be inferred from the keyword distribution; they were the fabrication technique based on tissue engineering, the factors to be optimized of bioresorbable scaffolds such as mechanical property, degradation, and implantation, and the common adverse effects of bioresorbable scaffolds such as thrombosis. Most importantly, in terms of burst detection, we could speculate that cutting-edge technology for manufacturing scaffolds represented by 3D printing constitutes the future hotspots in bioresorbable scaffold development.
Conclusion: We review the growing trend of bioresorbable scaffolds since their introduction and present the early prosperity, the subsequently questioned safety, and the resultantly advanced techniques in recent years. In brief, this review, the first visualized bibliometric analysis on BVS, enrolls extensive literature in this field and offers more guidance for future research from a panoramic view.
The polyol pathway and nuclear ketohexokinase A signaling drive hyperglycemia-induced metastasis of gastric cancer
Authors: Kang Ye-Lim , Kim Jiyoung , Kim Yi-Sook , Park Jong-Wan
Published: December 2022

Background:Diabetes is significantly associated with increased cancer risk, with several studies reporting hyperglycemia as a primary oncogenic stimulant. Glucose metabolism is linked to numerous metabolic pathways, making it difficult to specify the mechanisms underlying hyperglycemia-induced cancer progression. Here, we focused on the polyol pathway, which is dramatically activated under hyperglycemia and causes diabetic complications. We tested the possibility that polyol pathway-derived fructose facilitates hyperglycemia-induced gastric cancer metastasis.Methods: We performed bioinformatics analysis of gastric cancer datasets and immunohistochemical analyses of gastric cancer specimens, followed by transcriptomic and proteomic analyses to evaluate phenotypic changes in gastric cancer cells. We used two xenograft models to evaluate gastric cancer metastasis in patients with diabetes.Results: We observed a clinical association between the polyol pathway and gastric cancer progression. In gastric cancer cell lines, hyperglycemia enhanced cell migration and invasion, cytoskeletal rearrangement, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The hyperglycemia-induced acquisition of metastatic potential was mediated by increased fructose derived from the polyol pathway, which stimulated the nuclear ketohexokinase-A (KHK-A) signaling pathway, thereby inducing EMT by repressing theCDH1gene. In two different xenograft models of cancer metastasis, gastric cancers overexpressing AKR1B1, which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the polyol pathway, were found to be highly metastatic in diabetic mice.Conclusions: Hyperglycemia induces fructose formation through the polyol pathway, which in turn stimulates the KHK-A signaling pathway, driving gastric cancer metastasis by inducing EMT. Thus, the polyol and KHK-A signaling pathways could be potential therapeutic targets for lowering the metastatic risk in gastric cancer patients with diabetes.
Towards electroencephalography-based consciousness assessment and cognitive function profiling in prolonged disorders of consciousness
Authors: Coyle Damien , Korik Attila , du Bois Naomi , Hodge Stephanie , Hudson Leah , Elahi Ainjila , Bigirimana Alain Desire , Dayan Natalie , McCann Alison , Yelden Kudret , McElligott Jacinta , Carroll Áine
Published: December 2022

Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) -based motor-imagery brain-computer interface (MI-BCI) systems can facilitate training of wilful modulation of sensorimotor oscillations in patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness, potentially enabling empirical assessment of awareness and movement independent responses and question answering.
Methods: A multistage, ten session, protocol was evaluated with twenty-four (N = 24) patients who have prolonged disorders of consciousness (PDoC) (unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) or minimally conscious state (MCS)) or locked-in syndrome (LIS). Phase one assessed capacity to modulate brain activity and thus detect awareness, phase two involved motor-imagery training with neurofeedback, and phase three assessed patients’ motor-imagery response to closed questions, categorised to assess biographical, numerical, logical, and situational awareness.
Results: Patients from all groups show significant capacity to modulate brain activity and respond to closed questions with motor imagery. A conservative approach to statistical testing was necessarily taken, due to a limited sample size and uneven groups. However, significant group differences were observed indicating patients with LIS outperform patients with PDoC. As patients diagnosed with UWS present evidence of command following in this protocol and thus could have MCS, significant differences between UWS and MCS across a range of tests were inconclusive although, in general, group performances are correlated with the level of awareness associated with clinical diagnosis.
Conclusions: We conclude that the proposed multistage protocol involving progression from motor imagery training with neurofeedback to closed question responses under the correct conditions may be effective for movement-independent consciousness profiling in prolonged disorders of consciousness.
Clinical Practice Competence and Its Associated Factors among Undergraduate Health Sciences Students at Bahir Dar Health Sciences Colleges, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Yezengaw Telksew Yelma , Animen Simachew , Aklilu Almaz , Feyisa Wondu
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Competence is the ability to perform a task with the desired result. Clinical experience is necessary to achieve the highest level of clinical competence after appropriate theoretical and practical training. It is estimated that many women and newborns die every year around the world due to a lack of qualified medical personnel. This is usually because women do not have access to competent health professionals.
Objective: This study aimed to assess clinical practice competence and its associated factors among undergraduate health sciences students at Bahir Dar Health Sciences Colleges, Northwest Ethiopia 2022.
Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 12-24/2022 among 403 undergraduate health sciences students at Bahir Dar Health Sciences Colleges. Simple random sampling technique was applied to select study subject and the data was collected by using a self-administered questionnaire. Data template format were prepared and entered into Epi Data version 4.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. In binary logistic regression of dependent and independent variables with P-value, ≤ 0.2 were included in multi-variable logistic regression and ≤ 0.05 were considered as significant in this study.
Result: The prevalence of clinical practice competency among the study participant was 147(36.5%). students who were provide logbook [(AOR=5.40, 95% CI 2.91, 10.02)], adequate clinical cases in the clinical practice placement [(AOR=2.72, 95% CI 1.60, 4.60)], preceptor show different procedures [(AOR=2.50, 95% CI 1.33, 4.71)], student’s confidence during conducting procedure [(AOR=4.16, 95% CI 1.67, 10.35)] and the suitability of the way of teaching to the learning styles of students during skills demonstration [(AOR=2.10, 95% CI 1.00, 4.40)] were significantly associated with clinical practice competence.
Conclusion: About 147 (36.5%) of study participants were clinically competent which was higher than previous studies conducted in Ethiopia. providing logbooks, adequate clinical cases, preceptor show different procedures, student’s confidence and suitability of the way of teaching to the learning styles of students were significantly associated with clinical practice competence. Implementing logbooks, selection of clinical site, enhancing confidence of students, preferred teaching and learning styles and clinical preceptor support are important to improve the clinical competence of students.
COVID-19 and Authoritarianism: Two Strategies of Engaging Fear
Authors: Wolff Jonathan , Elitzer David , Petherick Anna , Tudor Maya , Tyner Katie
Published: December 2022

This paper considers ways in which rulers can respond to, generate, or exploit fear of COVID-19 infection for various ends, and in particular distinguishes between ‘fear-invoking’ and ‘fear-minimising’ strategies. It examines historical precedent for executive overreach in crises and then moves on to look in more detail at some specific areas where fear is being mobilised or generated: in ways that lead to the suspension of civil liberties; that foster discrimination against minorities; and that boost the personality cult of leaders and limit criticism or competition. Finally, in the Appendix, we present empirical work, based on the results of an original survey in Brazil, that provides support for the conjectures in the previous sections. While it is too early to tell what the longer-term outcomes of the changes we note will be, our purpose here is simply to identify some warning signs that threaten the key institutions and values of democracy.
THE ANALYSIS OF FREIGHT FORWARDING SERVICES USING THE BUSINESS PROCESS MODELLING TOOLS
Authors: POPA CATALIN
Published: December 2022

This paperwork is aiming to describe the business model for freight forwarding services as part of the logistics network, in reference to the freight shipments for individuals or corporations toward the market demand, as final customer, or to final points of goods distribution. The authors have conducted a study of modelling the transport processes within the freight forwarding agent in case of Constant port, using the Business Process Modelling tools and methodology. The Business Process Modelling (BPM) is largely used in the business process management and systems engineering, conceived as the research methodology depicting the processes of a focal company, so that the current process has been analysed and further improved and automated. The transport process with all the related stages has been modelled into a specialized software, aiming to reveal bottlenecks, overloads, uneven distribution of workloads, excessive time, costs, etc. The process simulation of the freight forwarding process shall reflect the encountered difficulties of the processes’ dynamics throughout the entire life cycle.
El adulto mayor sin dientes: una paradoja del envejecimiento desde el discurso positivo
Authors: Gutiérrez Bruno
Published: December 2022

El edentulismo es una condición irreversible. La pérdida dental encuentra conexión con los discursos positivos del envejecimiento, así como unas amplias repercusiones en estos, que han cobrado fuerza hacia finales del siglo XX y principios del siglo XXI, limitando procesos de participación social, generando cambios en la calidad de vida, teniendo una articulación fuerte con las relaciones biológicas de las personas y siendo altamente inequitativo entre grupos sociales. Dado lo anterior, el presente artículo pretende desarrollar y argumentar tres ideas clave para sustentar que el envejecimiento desde el discurso positivo se ve limitado cuando la persona no tiene dientes: la primera es que la vida sin dientes restringe el desarrollo personal y social, la siguiente es que la conexión de la cavidad oral con las condiciones biológicas es muy estrecha y la tercera es la estereotipación y el juzgamiento del viejo edéntulo en la sociedad actual. Las ideas sustentadas argumentaron y soportaron la necesidad de dar importancia a la condición de ser edéntulo en el marco de un envejecimiento positivo y como intervención en salud pública. Envejecer bien es la bandera de las políticas mundiales, incluyendo la Década del Envejecimiento Saludable (2020-2030); el entender y la cohesión de la salud en todas sus disciplinas es trascendental en pro del viejo actual y del logro de su gerotrascendencia. La geriatría, la gerontología, la salud pública e incluso la misma odontología, hoy más que nunca, deben trabajar en favor de la mitigación de la aparición del edentulismo en las sociedades actuales.
What role does private sector development play in Nigeria’s economic growth?
Authors: Awoyemi Bosede , Awoyemi John , Aiyegbusi Oluwole
Published: December 2022

Many studies have concluded that private sector development encourages economic growth due to many public enterprises’ poor performance and technological deficiencies. However, other studies have noted that private sector development would lead to the misuse of monopoly power. Since the advocacy is from two different perspectives, there is a need to investigate further the impact of private sector development on the country’s economy. The bounds cointegration test examined the long-term relationship between privatization and GDP growth. The long- and short-term connections between private sector development and GDP growth were studied using an Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. As a result, economic growth was found to be highly influenced by gross capital formation and market capitalization of domestic listed enterprises as a share of GDP, according to the ARDL estimates in the short term. In addition, the periods after privatization increase growth by about 0.23% in the short run and by 3.87% in the long run, at a 1% significance level. At a 1% significance level, gross capital formation and market capitalization of domestic listed enterprises as a share of GDP positively affected economic growth in the long term. This led to the conclusion that private sector development positively influences Nigerian economic growth in both the long- and short-term. This study recommends policy changes such as raising domestic investment and promoting privatization, capital market development, and financial institution development. This will stimulate private sector development and have a favorable impact on economic growth.
AcknowledgmentsWe appreciate the feedback from our unnamed reviewers, the Journal’s editor, and the authors whose works were referenced. In addition, we acknowledge the support of our colleagues from the Economics Department, Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti, for their helpful feedback to improve this study.
Review of the Nanoscale FinFET Device for the Applications in Nano-regime
Authors: Shams Ul Haq  , Sharma Vijay Kumar
Published: December 2022

Background:

The insatiable need for low-power and high-performance integrated circuit (IC) results in the development of alternative options for metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) in the ultra-nanoscale regime. The practical challenge of the device scaling limits the use of MOSFET for future technology nodes. ICs are equipped with billions of transistors whose size must be scaled while increasing performance. As the size of the transistor shrinks for the new technology node, the control of the gate over the channel also reduces, leading to sub-threshold leakage. The non-planar technology is the potential methodology to design the ICs for the future technology nodes. The fin-shaped field effect transistor (FinFET) is the most valuable non-planar technology. High sub-threshold slope, better short channel effect (SCE) control, high current drive strength, low dopant-prompted variations, and decreased power dissipation are the prominent features of FinFET technology.

Objective:

FinFET is an advanced version of MOSFET in terms of geometrical structure. Therefore, in this review paper, the different geometrical structures, working operations, design challenges, future aspects, and the different configurations of FinFETs are presented. The performance of the different configurations of a 1-bit full adder is evaluated and compared.

Methods:

An overview of FinFET evolution from the planar MOSFET, along with its architecture supported by the requisite equations, is presented in the paper. Besides this, it also gives an insight into the circuit simulation using the FinFETs for the process voltage temperature (PVT) variations, width quantization, design challenges, and the future of FinFETs. A comparative study of FinFET-based 1-bit full adder using various techniques is done to compute and compare the leakage power, delay, and power delay product (PDP).

Results:

The full adders using FinFETs show less leakage power and PDP. The AND-OR logicbased hybrid full adder using FinFETs shows the least energy consumption per switching. Fin- FET-based gate diffusion input adder shows a 74 % reduction in dynamic power compared to the full adder using MOSFET technology. The low power FinFET-based full adder shows a 54.16 % reduction in leakage power compared to the MOSFET-based full adder. The results signify the effect of multi-gates in curbing the leakage power dissipation.

Conclusion:

MOSFET faces the practical challenge of device scaling and SCEs at lower technology nodes. It initiates the multi-gate technology for future system generation. FinFET has the capability to design low-power and high-performance circuits in an ultra-nanoscale regime. The geometrical structure of FinFET plays a key role to improve the performance metrics in an ultrananoscale regime.
Exploring Human 5HT1A/2A Receptor Through Homology Modeling and Flexible
Docking Studies for the Binding Hotspot of Substituted 2,4-imidazolidinedione
and Oxazolidinedione Derivatives
Authors: dhanawat Meenakshi , Gupta Sumeet , Mujwar Somdutt
Published: December 2022

Introduction:

To obtain the binding site of a model of the human 5-HT1A/2A receptor, a series of substituted 2,4-imidazolidinediones and oxazolidinediones
were subjected to flexible docking using GLIDE.

Methods:

The docking scores that were generated are correlated with the in-vivo affinity data that had already been collected.

Results:

When combined with a homology model of 5HT1A/2A, the GLIDE docking approach was based on a template for 2-adrenergic receptors.

Conclusion:

A model for ligand binding in the hydrophobic portion of the binding site was proposed after discussing the impact of the structure and
hydrophobic characteristics of the aryl moiety on binding affinities.
Indopathy for Neuroprotection in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Dwivedi Archana , Joshi Deepika
Published: December 2022

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, multi-system, complex
neurodegenerative disorder pathologically characterized by motor dysfunctions caused
mainly due to the loss of dopamine (DA) neurotransmitters producing dopaminergic
(DAergic) neurons. In Ayurveda, which is an indigenous medicine system of India,
various medicinal herbs have been used for the treatment of PD since ancient times. A
growing number of studies have proven that these Ayurvedic herbs can protect
DAergic neurons from neuronal degeneration and hence can increase the level of DA.
Phytochemicals or active ingredients present in these Ayurvedic herbs can target
oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, and
autophagy and can reduce α-synuclein (α-syn) protein aggregation, which are the basic
pathological causes of neurodegeneration and can improve the motor ability and
sometimes longevity in animal models of PD. The mainstay of treatment of PD is
levodopa (L-Dopa), a precursor of DA, used for achieving the optimal level of DA. But
its long-term use has debilitating side effects. Ayurvedic herbs have provided relief in
PD with no or minimal side-effect even after long-term administration. Some plants,
such as M. pruriens, are a natural source of L-Dopa. Here, we have discussed the major
classes of phytochemicals found in Ayurvedic medicines and the pathogenic
mechanisms of PD targeted by them. After that, we have discussed the recent advances
in experimental and clinical data that support the neuroprotective properties of these
phytochemicals used in Ayurveda and their potential to be developed as a therapeutic
intervention for the prevention of PD.
Assessing Diversity and Inclusivity is the Next Frontier in Mental Health Recovery Narrative Research and Practice (Preprint)
Authors: Kotera Yasuhiro , Rennick-Egglestone Stefan , Ng Fiona , Llewellyn-Beardsley Joy , Ali Yasmin , Newby Chris , Fox Caroline , Slade Emily , Bradstreet Simon , Harrison Julian , Franklin Donna , Todowede Olamide , Slade Mike
Published: December 2022

UNSTRUCTURED

Demand for digital health interventions is increasing in many countries. The use of recorded mental health recovery narratives in digital health interventions is becoming more widespread in clinical practice. Mental health recovery narratives are first-person lived experience accounts of recovery from mental health problems, including struggles and successes over time. Helpful impacts of recorded mental health recovery narratives include connectedness with the narrative and validation of experiences. Possible harms include feeling disconnected and excluded from others. Diverse narrative collections from many types of narrators and describing multiple ways to recover are important to maximize the opportunity for service users to benefit through connection and to minimize the likelihood of harm. Mental health clinicians need to know whether narrative collections are sufficiently diverse to recommend to service users. However, no method exists for assessing the diversity and inclusivity of existing or new narrative collections. We argue that assessing diversity and inclusivity is the next frontier in mental health recovery narrative research and practice. This is important, but methodologically and ethically complex. In this viewpoint, we propose and evaluate one diversity and two inclusivity assessment methods. The diversity assessment method involves use of the Simpson Diversity Index. The two inclusivity assessment methods are based on comparator demographic rates and arbitrary thresholds, respectively. These methods were applied to four narrative collections as a case study. Refinements are needed regarding a narrative assessment tool in terms of its practicality and cultural adaptation.
The Epidemiology of Peste des Petits Ruminant of Small Ruminants in Sierra Leone
Authors: Mustapha Edwin Idriss , Kargbo Kabba , Bandabla Tamba , Kassoh Fallah Samuel , Yillah Dauda Sheku
Published: December 2022

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a major constraint to the productivity of small ruminants in Sierra Leone. The survey aimed to investigate the prevalence of Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) and create awareness among livestock farmers on the dangers of the disease to the livestock sector in the study districts. The sampling frame was small ruminants rearing households in Sierra Leone and 298 households were included in the study. A multi-stage sampling was utilized for the selection of individual livestock households. First purposive selection of the five districts, then random selection of chiefdoms, sections, and small ruminant rearing households in the village/locality respectively. Structured questionnaires were developed and administered to the 298 selected households in each locality/village. Data collected were entered into CSEntry using tablets and later imported and stored in the SPSS (version 21). Males are the dominant household heads and most of them went through a non-formal system of education. Goats, chickens, and sheep, are the predominant livestock reared by the households. Many of the respondents can identify the clinical signs and symptoms of PPR, and reported the incident of the disease in their farms. Free range management system in the dries and uncontrolled movement of animals along borderlines are the main sources of PPR outbreaks. The unavailability of vaccines and drugs are principal problem hindering the disease control programmes in the study localities. Though the livestock owners are aware of the morbidity and mortality effects of PPR disease, they have little knowledge of the preventive and treatment measures of the disease on their farms.
presidenciales argentinas de 2019. El triunfo del Frente de Todos, la derrota de Juntos por el Cambio y sus desafíos futuros
Authors: Maltrain Silva Vicente
Published: December 2022

El artículo analiza las elecciones presidenciales de Argentina en 2019, buscando responder a la pregunta: ¿qué factores explican el triunfo del Frente de Todos y la derrota de Juntos por el Cambio? Considerando el voto joven, algunos aspectos de la estructura social, los partidos políticos, las relaciones internacionales, tanto con las potencias hegemónicas como con Estados de la región, en el trabajo se señala una serie de elementos que permiten explicar los resultados de los comicios e identificar los desafíos políticos futuros. Entre otros factores, se destacan los efectos de la crisis económica y el proceso de polarización política regional y nacional en que se inscriben las elecciones.
La estructura mandálica del cuento “Axolotl” de Julio Cortázar
Authors: Jaramillo Díaz Iván
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este artículo consiste en exponer cómo la figura de un mandala (representación geométrica hinduista y budista del infinito) puede ayudarnos a entender la estructura del cuento “Axolotl” de Julio Cortázar. A lo largo de este estudio, se muestra que la caracterización del espacio, el manejo del tiempo y el uso de símbolos e imágenes en la narración de Cortázar se unen para edificar la composición circular del relato, la cual es parecida a la de un mandala debido, principalmente, a que el tiempo, así como la caracterización de los personajes y del espacio, genera un tipo de polarización. Lo anterior da pie a un sistema contrapuntístico a modo de “espejo” parecido a un mandala por los siguientes motivos: a) el tiempo de la narración al juntar el pasado con el presente genera una temporalidad cíclica, que se repite una y otra vez, dado el final circular del relato; b) el espacio de la narración puede ser denominado como un intersticio vacío en el que la realidad y la fantasía interactúan, produciendo un sitio de constante interpenetración; y c) las imágenes y los símbolos del relato fungen como metáforas que ayudan a construir la disgregación del yo y el intercambio de las personalidades del hombre y del ajolote.
El significado de ‘distancia’ del adjetivo próximo en modificadores temporales
Authors: Hernández Pérez Héctor
Published: December 2022

En este trabajo muestro que el adjetivo próximo modifica su significado etimológico original de ‘cercano’ para hacer referencia a una entidad segunda en cercanía. Este cambio de significado ocurre bajo dos tipos de condiciones. Sintácticamente, el cambio ocurre cuando el adjetivo forma parte de una frase nominal que funciona como un adjunto de tiempo cuya función es la de señalar un punto en el tiempo en el que tendrá lugar un determinado evento. Por otra parte, las condiciones de enunciación en las que tiene lugar este fenómeno consisten en un contexto de contigüidad temporal. Así, la propuesta consiste en que el significado de una frase como el próximo lunes no se deduce a partir de su contenido léxico, sino que, al tratarse de un elemento deíctico, incluye la instrucción de señalar “el segundo elemento en cercanía”.
Review on Malware, Types, and its Analysis
Authors: Chandy Jeff
Published: December 2022

Abstract: Malicious entities utilize malware as a tool to carry out their nefarious plans. Malicious software, sometimes known as malware or mal-ware, is a type of program with malicious intents. Malware and spam both pose severe hazards to the security of systems, raising complex system issues. Malware that compromises computers through a coordinated attack includes worms, trojan horses, botnets, and rootkits. It is challenging to compile convincing evidence because inadequate tools are available, and the system is still in its infancy. This study examined the challenges faced by investigators in their search for a missing person. The author emphasized the need for a novel approach to malware detection that focuses on a robust framework and offered a solution based on a thorough literature evaluation and market research analysis. While market research was carried out to ascertain the precise nature of the current problem, the literature review concentrated on various malware detection tests and methodologies to establish the parameters for developing a solution design
Sinkronisasi Pengawasan CSR dalam Hukum Positif Indonesia
Authors: Safitri Nanda Melinia , Anoraga Surya , Esfandiari Fitria
Published: December 2022

Since CSR has become an obligation for companies through Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies. However, in its implementation there are still many problems. One of them is the regulation of CSR which has been implicitly regulated in various sectoral laws. So the problem that will be studied in this paper is how to synchronize the supervision of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the Limited Liability Company Law, Investment Law, Government Regulation No. 47 of 2012, as well as Article 23 and Article 24 of Malang Regency Regulation No. 1 of 2013. The research method used in this paper uses a normative juridical research type, using a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, and a comparative approach. The PT Law and the PM Law have different definitions regarding CSR, although both laws require the implementation of CSR, both have not provided clear regulations regarding the mechanism for monitoring CSR implementation. Then based on the mandate in Article 74 paragraph (4) of the Company Law, PP No. 47 of 2012, the establishment is intended to clarify the implementation of CSR but in fact the articles contained in the PP also do not accommodate the supervision of CSR implementation. Although it is not regulated in the Law and PP, the Malang Regency Regulation clearly regulates the supervision of CSR implementation. In this study, it is concluded that the various regulations are synchronized, namely in terms of implementation accountability, sanctions, and regulations for monitoring the implementation of CSR. Therefore, the government needs to form a separate law that accommodates CSR comprehensively along with the mandate of establishing a CSR supervisory body whose job is to oversee the implementation of CSR, giving executive authority to impose sanctions on those who do not carry out CSR.
The Influence of the Council of Legislators on the Legislative Activity of Regional Parliaments
Authors: Pomiguev Ilya A. , Zaripov Nikita A.
Published: December 2022

The authors focus on the political implication of the emergence and functioning of the Council of Legislators under the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation. Based on several characteristics of the legislative process, such as the speed of adopting bills, the traffic of initiatives and the share of those adopted, as well as the transcripts of the Plenary Sessions of the Council, the authors conduct a comprehensive analysis of the work of this institution, recording and interpreting several changes. Using the theory of Rational Choice Institutionalism (the Veto Player Theory, in particular), the authors show that the platform established in 2012, originally designed for communication between federal and regional parliaments, has over time become a barrier, predetermining the fate of some initiatives. In addition, the institutional environment created by the Council’s actions has changed the very format of regional activity, whereby the original idea of open dialogue has been replaced by expert discussion within the profile commissions, and the outcome of these activities has shifted from legislative initiatives to expert commentaries and recommendations. Another dimension of influence can be traced in the implementation of the bureaucratic logic associated with redirecting and filtering the traffic of regional initiatives through an extra-constitutional structure. Research results allow the authors to take a different view on the legislative activity of the regions at the federal level, as well as draw attention to the political nature of the work of auxiliary institutions and the «rules of the game» they form in the context of the interactions between the Federal Assembly and the regional parliaments.
Construction of the Identity of Russia’s Muslim Regions in the Context of the Emerging All-Russian Identity
Authors: Pochta Yuri M.
Published: December 2022

A problem for researchers of modern Russian society is the relationship between the identity of the regions, conditionally called Muslim by the author, with the all-Russian identity. The actualization of the problem of the all-Russian identity in the context of the aggravation of the geopolitical and civilizational conflict between Russia and the collective West leads to the need to analyze the contribution to the reproduction of this identity of various confessions, ethno-national groups, including Muslim regions. Despite a large amount of research, the role of Muslim regions in the formation of a common Russian identity is a highly debatable issue. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of Islam in the formation of regional and all-Russian identity. The study was conducted on the basis of a systematic approach, discourse analysis, narrative approach and social constructivism. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the ruling elites in a number of regions use Islam along with the ethnic factor as a resource legitimizing their power in relations with the federal center and their own population, constructing a regional identity in the context of the socialization and politicization of Islam. The results obtained contribute to the development of ideas about the role of Islam in the formation of an all-Russian identity and to clarify the process of development of federalism in a multinational and multi-confessional Russian society.