bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Adapted Rhodes Index of Nausea and Vomiting for Pediatrics by Child (ARINVc) and by Parent (ARINVp)
Authors: Akçay Didişen Nurdan , Yavuz Betül , Yardimci Figen , Basbakkal D. Zümrüt
Published: April 2018

The study was conducted methodologically to adapt the Adapted Rhodes Index of Nausea and Vomiting for Pediatrics by Child (ARINVc) and Adapted Rhodes Index of Nausea and Vomiting for Pediatrics by Parent (ARINVp) into Turkish. The scales are administered to children who receive chemotherapy and to their parents, respectively. The study sample consisted of 8- to 18-year-old children who were hospitalized in the pediatric oncology and hematology clinics of a university hospital, met the sampling criteria, and agreed to participate in the research. The study data were collected with the Sociodemographic Attributes Information Form, ARINVc, and ARINVp using the face-to-face interview method. The mean ages of the children and their mothers and fathers who participated in the study were 13.26 ± 2.01, 36.33 ± 5.10, and 40.17 ± 4.94 years, respectively. The mean total scores obtained from the ARINVc and ARINVp were 5.43 ± 4.06 and 5.70 ± 3.77, respectively. While Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficients of the scales were .85 for the ARINVc and .84 for the ARINVp, the item-total correlation coefficients were between 0.60 and 0.89 for the ARINVc and between 0.66 and 0.85 for the ARINVp ( P < .01). The Turkish versions of ARINVc and ARINVp were determined to be valid and reliable scales.
Promoting Financial Credit-Building for Financially Vulnerable Families
Authors: Birkenmaier Julie
Published: April 2018

Financial personal credit is a key resource for families to gain access to resources and assets. Social work practitioners benefit from awareness of the importance of credit, a basic understanding of credit, and familiarity with critical contemporary debates regarding credit. Use of credit-building products and use of alternative and behavioral data for credit scoring are two contemporary debates that frame credit-building work. Although both hold promise as helpful, more evidence of their effectiveness is needed. Practitioners can explore credit issues with clients and familiarize themselves with accessible credit-building resources. Caution may be warranted in promoting products. Practitioners can monitor the effects on clients of alternative and behavioral data in credit scoring for policy advocacy purposes.
Intimate Partner Violence Survivors and Pets: Exploring Practitioners’ Experiences in Addressing Client Needs
Authors: Hageman Tina O’Neil , Langenderfer-Magruder Lisa , Greene Tamara , Williams James Herbert , St. Mary Jason , McDonald Shelby Elaine , Ascione Frank R.
Published: April 2018

Research has documented a relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and animal abuse. Literature reports that many times IPV survivors delay seeking safety because of their concern for the safety of their pets and many shelters do not provide services for their pets. There continues to be a need for evidence-based guidelines to address the needs of survivors and their pets. This exploratory study documents the experiences of IPV practitioners from community agencies serving families impacted by IPV. Focus groups were conducted identifying four overarching themes: (1) pets as members of the family, (2) inconsistencies regarding screening practices, (3) need for comprehensive safety planning, and (4) safe housing for both survivors and their pets. Implications for research, practice, and policy are discussed.
Understanding Sorority Women’s Privacy Management About Condom Use
Authors: Hernandez Rachael
Published: April 2018

Sorority women are at risk for engaging in unsafe sexual behavior. Fortunately, the positive influence of peer communication about condom use can mitigate the risk these women face. To better understand this communication, this article investigates sorority women’s communication about condom use through focus groups, using the lens of the theory of Communication Privacy Management. The results revealed the criteria for privacy rules sorority women use to negotiate privacy and engage in comfortable communication with other women in the sorority. The analysis also revealed an external privacy boundary; the women sought to maintain a good reputation for their social group, and followed explicit and implicit privacy management rules to do so. The implications for this study include better understanding of the personal and collective boundaries of privacy management, and improvements in sorority and college student sexual health programs.
The Psychosocial Impact of Cleft in a Western Australian Cohort Across 3 Age Groups
Authors: Nicholls Wendy , Selvey Linda A. , Harper Craig , Persson Martin , Robinson Suzanne
Published: April 2018

Background:

Management of a cleft of the lip and/or palate (CL/P) involves a multidisciplinary team approach lasting from birth to potentially postskeletal maturity. This condition is complex, with both medical and psychosocial implications that may place individuals with a cleft at higher risk of developing psychosocial problems.

Methodology:

A self-administered questionnaire was completed by a sample from the Western Australian cleft population comprising 3 age groups: child (n = 100), adolescent (n = 101), and adult (n = 158).

Results:

Public speaking, being photographed, special relationships, and participation in school were identified as the areas most impacted by having a cleft. Hearing and speech were reported to have a higher importance than facial and dental appearance. Participants rated support given to them by their parents as the most important, with high ratings for treatment providers. For teasing, the impact of cleft was significantly higher among participants with cleft lip and palate for both the adolescent and adult age groups. There was little significant difference by gender across the variables, which suggests that males are just as likely to require support as females.

Conclusion:

The impact of a cleft across multiple psychosocial domains needs to be recognized and addressed as part of craniofacial team care across age groups.
Evaluation and Significance of Mortise Instability in Supination External Rotation Fibula Fractures: A Review Article
Authors: Kwon John Y. , Cronin Patrick , Velasco Brian , Chiodo Christopher
Published: April 2018

Evaluation and management of ankle fractures has progressed in parallel to an evolving understanding of ankle stability. While stability of the mortise had historically been attributed to the lateral malleolus, Lauge-Hansen’s contributions followed by multiple other investigations increased the emphasis on the significance of medial-sided injury in destabilizing the mortise. As the importance of the deltoid ligament has been elucidated, the means of assessing ligamentous incompetence and the prognostic significance of an unstable mortise continue to be defined.

Level of Evidence: Level V, expert opinion.
Efficacy and Safety of S-Amlodipine 2.5 and 5 mg/d in Hypertensive Patients Who Were Treatment-Naive or Previously Received Antihypertensive Monotherapy
Authors: Şen Selçuk , Demir Meral , Yiğit Zerrin , Üresin Ali Yağız
Published: April 2018

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of S-amlodipine 2.5 and 5 mg/d in patients with hypertension who were treatment-naive or previously received antihypertensive monotherapy. During the 8-week treatment period, all patients received S-amlodipine 2.5 mg/d for the first 4 weeks, followed by S-amlodipine 5 mg/d for the second 4 weeks. For efficacy assessments, ambulatory and office blood pressure (BP) measurements were performed during the baseline, fourth-week, and eighth-week visits. For safety assessments, all adverse events and abnormal laboratory findings were recorded. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03038451). Of 43 patients evaluated at the screening visit, 33 were enrolled. In the treatment-naive arm, significant reductions in both office and ambulatory systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were observed with S-amlodipine 2.5 mg/d and additional significant reductions were achieved with dose titration (S-amlodipine 5 mg/d). At the end of the study, the rate of the treatment-naive patients with BP under control (SBP/DBP <140/90 mm Hg) was 53% with S-amlodipine 2.5 mg and increased to 78% with S-amlodipine 5 mg. For the noninferiority evaluation, S-amlodipine 2.5 and 5 mg/d treatments were generally noninferior to both office and ambulatory BP levels achieved with the medications that the patients received before participating in the study. Five nonserious adverse events likely to be associated with the study drug were observed. No serious adverse event was encountered. Consequently, S-amlodipine can be suggested as an effective and safe treatment option for patients with hypertension.
Intravenous radiographic contrast administered prior to high-dose methotrexate and subsequent toxicity requiring the use of glucarpidase
Authors: Schultz Thomas E , Lynch Alia C
Published: April 2018

Methotrexate is a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor that interferes with DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cellular replication. We present the first adult case of a patient who received intravenous contrast prior to administration of high-dose methotrexate, who subsequently experienced delayed methotrexate clearance and renal impairment necessitating the use of glucarpidase. This case displays a possible correlation between intravenous radiographic contrast administration and resulting toxicity due to delayed methotrexate clearance.
A note on traction continuity across an interface in a geometrically non-linear framework
Authors: Javili Ali
Published: April 2018

The objective of this contribution is to elaborate on the notion of “traction continuity” across an interface at finite deformations. The term interface corresponds to a zero-thickness model representing the interphase between different constituents in a material. Commonly accepted interface models are the cohesive interface model and the elastic interface model. Both the cohesive and elastic interface models are the limit cases of a generalized interface model. This contribution aims to rigorously analyze the concept of the traction jump for the general interface model. The governing equations of the general interface model in the material as well as spatial configurations are derived and the traction jump across the interface for each configuration is highlighted. It is clearly shown that the elastic interface model undergoes a traction jump in both the material and spatial configurations according to a generalized Young–Laplace equation. For the cohesive interface model, however, while the traction field remains continuous in the material configuration, it can suffer a jump in the spatial configuration. This finding is particularly important since the cohesive interface model is based on the assumption of traction continuity across the interface and that the term “traction” often refers to the spatial configuration and not the material one. Thus, additional care should be taken when formulating an interface model in a geometrically non-linear framework. The theoretical findings for various interface models are carefully illustrated via a series of two-dimensional and three-dimensional numerical examples using the finite element method.
Sudden Unexpected Death in Neonates: A Clinico-pathological Study
Authors: Reyes Jeanette A , Somers Gino R , Chiasson David A
Published: April 2018

Clinico-pathological studies that focus on sudden unexpected death (SUD) in the neonatal period are rare. The objective of this study was to elucidate the frequency and pathological spectrum of anatomical causes of death (CODs), found in the setting of sudden unexpected death in neonates (SUD-N), and to correlate the COD with premortem circumstantial information. We conducted a detailed review of all autopsy reports on SUD-N cases at our institution from 1997 to 2015. Analyzed clinical data included obstetrical history, postpartum/neonatal medical course, and circumstances surrounding death. Evaluated autopsy data included growth parameters, pathological findings, ancillary test results, and COD. Data from decedents in which a COD was established (COD-E) were statistically compared with that from decedents in which the COD was undetermined (COD-U). Of 104 neonates (M: 49; F: 55) who fulfilled our inclusion criteria, a COD was established at autopsy in 46 cases (44%). Infections, congenital abnormalities, and inborn errors of metabolism were the most common CODs. Single variables statistically more likely to be found in COD-E neonates were clinical history of prodromal illness, witnessed loss of vital signs, and evidence of physiological stress in the thymus or the liver. A prodrome was statistically more common in the COD-E group, but the absence of a prodrome does not reliably exclude COD-E cases, since over 50% of these patients were asymptomatic prior to their demise. In COD-U neonates, the statistically significant factors were death during sleep, death during sleep while “bed”-sharing, “heavy” lungs, and petechial hemorrhages on the epicardium or pleura. Given the frequency and wide spectrum of underlying pathologies in COD-E neonates, referral of SUD-N cases to pathologists with specialized pediatric autopsy expertise is recommended.
Umbilical Cord Coiling in High-risk Pregnancies: Associations With Determinants of Adverse Birth Outcomes and Iron Status
Authors: Steinl Gabrielle K , Gandelman Jocelyn S , Katzman Philip J , Ru Yuan , Guillet Ronnie , Pressman Eva , Cooper Elizabeth M , O'Brien Kimberly O
Published: April 2018

Abnormal umbilical cord coiling has been associated with adverse neonatal outcomes, but the etiology of these findings remains poorly characterized. This study was undertaken to examine associations between cord coiling and maternal iron (Fe) status and to identify potential determinants of hypo- and hypercoiling in 2 higher risk obstetric groups: pregnant adolescents (≤18 years, n = 92) and adult women carrying twins (n = 49), triplets (n = 11), or quadruplets (n = 1). Umbilical cords were classified as hypo-, normo-, or hypercoiled using digital photographs to assess gross appearance. Hypocoiling and hypercoiling were observed in 44% (n = 86/195) and 13% (n = 26/195) of the combined study population. The prevalence of hypocoiling among women carrying multiples was over 3-fold higher than the prevalence in singleton pregnancies based on the published data. Within the entire study population, hypocoiling was associated with a lower gestational age at birth when compared to normocoiling and hypercoiling (36.3 ± 3.6 weeks [n = 86] vs 37.8 ± 2.7 [n = 83], P < .01, and 38.2 ± 2.6 [n = 26], P < .01, respectively), whereas hypercoiling was associated with significantly lower serum ferritin when compared to normocoiling ( P < .01) and hypocoiling ( P < .001). In the multiples cohort only, hypercoiling was significantly associated with multiparity ( P < .01) and lower birth weight ( P < .05). Further studies are needed to identify the determinants and consequences of cord coiling.
Theoretical analysis on the elasticity of a novel accordion cellular honeycomb core with in-plane curved beams
Authors: Liu Weidong , Li Honglin , Zhang Jiong , Li Hongda
Published: April 2018

Flexible skin is an essential component for morphing wind turbine blade to maintain a smooth profile and bear aerodynamic loads during morphing. Cellular honeycomb cores with low in-plane and high out-of-plane stiffness are potential candidates for support structures of flexible skin. Honeycomb structure also requires zero Poisson’s ratio to avoid unnecessary stress and strain during one-dimensional morphing. A novel accordion cellular honeycomb core of close-to-zero Poisson’s ratio with in-plane corrugated U-type beams was proposed as a solution for these problems. The elastic properties of the structure are illustrated through a combination of theoretical analysis and finite element analysis. Results show that better in-plane morphing and out-of-plane load-bearing capabilities can be obtained with parameters of larger height-to-length ratio, spacing-to-length ratio and vertical beam to U-type beam thickness ratio as well as smaller thickness-to-length ratio. Results of comparisons on properties of the proposed honeycomb with two existing accordion honeycombs reveal that the in-plane elastic modulus of the proposed structure is as low as about 56% of that of the accordion honeycomb with V-type beams and 79% of that of the accordion honeycomb with cosine beams, showing better in-plane property but weaker out-of-plane load-bearing capability. Nevertheless, the out-of-plane load-bearing capability can be reinforced by increasing the vertical beam to U-type beam thickness ratio. Smaller driving force and less energy consumption are required by the proposed honeycomb core than conventional structures during morphing. The methods and results could be used for predictions of elasticity in design of sandwich morphing skin with similar cellular honeycomb cores.
Long-term outcomes of bovine pericardial patch angioplasty for recurrent stenosis in vascular access: A UK single-centre experience
Authors: Fisher Owain , Meecham Lewis , Buxton Pauline , Legge Jocelyn , Fairhead Jack , Rajagopalan Sriram , Asquith John , Pherwani Arun
Published: April 2018

Introduction:

Stenosis of an arteriovenous fistula or arteriovenous graft for dialysis is a common problem. Stenosis may lead to a number of problems including failure of the fistula. Treatment of stenosis is commonly with percutaneous angioplasty or surgical patch angioplasty with autologous vein or synthetic graft or patch. Here we report the use of bovine pericardial patch angioplasty as an alternative mode of patch angioplasty when percutaneous intervention has failed.

Methods:

Patients with fistulae treated with bovine patch angioplasty between 2013 and 2016 were identified from a prospectively maintained renal access database (Cyberren®). Patient records were reviewed, noting type and location of access, patency, re-interventions and complications post bovine pericardial patch.

Results:

A total of 40 patients were identified as having undergone bovine pericardial patch angioplasty between January 2013 and April 2016. The median time from fistula formation to bovine pericardial patch was 15 months (interquartile range (IQR): 5–43). Median duration of follow-up was 14 months (IQR: 5–18). Primary patency at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months was 91%, 66%, 61% and 54%, respectively. Secondary patency was 94%, 91%, 80% and 77% at the same time points, respectively. In total, 15 patients required 23 re-interventions post bovine pericardial patch. There has been no report of infection or aneurysm formation.

Conclusion:

Bovine pericardial patch angioplasty for recurrent stenosis in arteriovenous fistulae for dialysis access provides a robust alternative to other surgical patches with the added advantage of allowing early needling and relative resistance to infection. Rates of restenosis and failure post bovine pericardial patch are low.
Revalidating Organic Unity
Authors: Abulnour Adham
Published: April 2018

Urban fabrics in contemporary Egyptian cities are torn between two development orientations. On one hand, there is the booming urban phenomenon of erecting walls and gates to house people within enclosed (gated) communities, which fragment urban fabrics while giving rise to isolated/secluded urban “islands.” On the other hand, there is the urban malpractice of “jamming” building blocks on empty plots in open urban fabrics; which continues to fuel urban sprawl. Both orientations have worsened the quality of urban living in Egyptian cities. They are deemed inherently irreconcilable especially in light of their traditional implementation scenarios. The aim of this research article is to attempt to reconcile these orientations and overcome their drawbacks by formulating an urban design process on the basis of “Organic Unity.” The research article endeavors to validate “Organic Unity” both as a concept and an application through a simulation design trial that fits the economic, sociocultural, legal, and ecological forces in the country.
Do financial constraints affect the sensitivity of investment to cash flow? New evidence from franchised restaurant firms
Authors: Seo Kwanglim , Soh Jungtae , Sharma Amit
Published: April 2018

This study investigates whether industry-specific characteristics such as franchising can affect investment and financing decisions when restaurant firms have limited access to capital. Building on the resource scarcity theory and investment-cash flow sensitivity (ICFS) model, this study developed an industry-specific ICFS model that analyzes corporate demand for franchising as a means of complementing the firms’ ability to invest in imperfect markets. Using a sample of US restaurant firms, we empirically evaluated the extent to which franchising provides greater insights into ICFS. By investigating the industry-specific effect of franchising on ICFS, the current study provides a more comprehensive understanding and explanation for the interaction between investment and financing decisions in the US restaurant industry. The findings of this study will provide restaurant investors and shareholders with valuable insights into how to monitor the investment behavior of management.
Warfarin as a materially and digitally informed drug
Authors: Dickson Jane
Published: April 2018

This article explores the material and digital culture of warfarin, one of the most commonly prescribed medications in the world. The author uses the drug’s 60-year history to describe its materiality and use, showing how and why it has become an informed material. Three ethnographic cases then show where warfarin has produced and is now reproduced by three types of information: NHS Trust guidelines, genetic codes and the INR (International Normalized Ratio). When a drug becomes so entangled with informational and digital technologies, it becomes reliant on them for its proper and safe use; it can no longer be just an informed material but is a digitally informed one.
Can there be a burden of the best explanation?
Authors: Ribeiro Gustavo
Published: April 2018

In this article I address a foundational question in evidence law: how should judges and jurors reason with evidence? According to a widely accepted approach, legal fact-finding should involve a determination of whether each cause of action is proven to a specific probability. In most civil cases, the party carrying the burden of persuasion is said to need to persuade triers that the facts she needs to prevail are “more likely than not” true. The problem is that this approach is both a descriptively and normatively inadequate account of reasoning with evidence in law. It does not offer a plausible picture of how people in general, and legal fact-finders in particular, reason with evidence. And it turns out that if we try to do what the approach tells us, we end up with absurd results. Faced with these difficulties, a group of evidence scholars has proposed an alternative. According to them, legal fact-finding should involve a determination of which hypothesis best explains the admitted evidence, rather than whether each cause of action is proven to a specific probability. My main contributions in this article are twofold. First, I elaborate on the many descriptive, normative and explanatory considerations in support of an explanation-based approach to standards. Second, I offer novel replies to pressing objections against that same approach.
Differential or deferential to media? The effect of prejudicial publicity on judge or jury
Authors: McEwen Rebecca , Eldridge John , Caruso David
Published: April 2018

Australian jurisdictions have increasingly moved to facilitate trial by judge alone in cases which are the subject of significant prejudicial publicity. These moves have been predicated upon the assumption that the ordering of a trial by judge alone is an effective means of reducing the risk of prejudice in cases of this kind. This article has two objects. First, it investigates the principles underpinning the availability of trial by judge alone in cases of serious prejudicial publicity, and the different legislative frameworks that have evolved in different Australian jurisdictions. Second, it critiques these principles by analysis of a line of psycho-legal research which examines the comparative abilities of judges and jurors to disregard prejudicial publicity. The article interrogates the reformist assumption that a trial by judge alone will be fairer to an accused who is the subject of significant prejudicial publicity.
Rape as ‘one person’s word against another’s’
Authors: Saunders Candida Leigh
Published: April 2018

According to the conventional wisdom, rape is generally a case of ‘one person’s word against another’s’ and, in the absence of independent evidence, judgements regarding the truth or otherwise of an allegation are influenced by ‘rape myths’ and gender stereotypes. The meaning of ‘one person’s word against another’s’, however, and the extent to which it accurately describes the evidence in most rape cases, or usefully explains case disposal, are largely unexplored. This article subjects the conventional wisdom of rape as ‘one person’s word against another’s’, and the implicit claims and assumptions underpinning it, to close critical scrutiny. Drawing on original empirical data, I argue that the concept of ‘one person’s word against another’s’ is vague, ambiguous and uninformative. It tells us virtually nothing about what rape cases look like evidentially, still less about case progression, and presents a partial and misleading view of English criminal proceedings and the process of proof. If we are to better understand attrition in rape cases, we need to meaningfully engage with the contentious issue of witness credibility and reliability—not only in the absence of independent evidence that supports or corroborates a witness’s account, but in the presence of evidence that undermines or contradicts it.
Born that way or became that way: Stigma toward congenital versus acquired disability
Authors: Bogart Kathleen R. , Rosa Nicole M. , Slepian Michael L.
Published: April 2018

Stigma may differ depending on the timing of group-membership entry, whether a person was “born that way” or “became that way.” Disability, a highly understudied minority group, varies on this domain. Three studies demonstrated that congenital disability is more stigmatized than acquired disability and essentialism and blame moderate and mediate this effect. Congenital disability was more stigmatized than the acquired version of the same disability (Studies 1–2). People with congenital disability were more essentialized, but less blamed than people with acquired disability (Study 2). Manipulating onset and essentialism revealed that when disability was acquired, low essentialism predicted greater stigma through blame (Study 3). However, when disability was congenital, essentialism did not affect stigma through blame. For stigmatized groups unlikely to be blamed for their group membership, reducing essentialism could ameliorate stigma, but for groups that might be blamed for their group membership, increasing essentialism may be a tool to reduce stigma by reducing blame.
Moral economies of the digital
Authors: Elder-Vass Dave
Published: April 2018

Within thirty years of first appearing, the networked digital economy has spread its tentacles into the lives of half the population of the world, and transformed the balance of power in the commercial economy. Social theory has been slow to recognize the significance and scale of these developments, and this special issue is a contribution to redressing the balance. It is organized around the concept of moral economies: the values and norms that underpin and shape our participation in larger economic structures. The digital economy today is the site of a range of competing economic models, and this is reflected in clashes between a corresponding range of moral economies. The contributors to this special issue map these tensions in examples of both gift and commodity models of economy, analyse the implications for global risk, and re-evaluate classic analytic schemes to represent these tensions. Because the economy is built on moral economies, the process of economic change is already inherently a process of debate and contestation between different moral economies, with the consequence that academic work on the ethics of the economy can influence these processes of change.
Towards scenario fires – modelling structural response to fire using an integrated computational tool
Authors: Jiang Liming , Usmani Asif
Published: April 2018

Modern architecture has been challenging the obsolete assumptions of the current fire safety engineering approaches, most of which still rely on the standard fire curve and continue to focus on the fire resistance of isolated single members. It has been observed time and again that buildings designed to the code-required fire performance fail in fires where the fire behaviour is found beyond current understanding. To fill this gap in knowledge and practice and move a step forward towards more rational fire safety engineering approaches, an integrated modelling tool is proposed in this article which is devoted to the implementation of realistic and advanced fire models that can be used routinely in analyses accounting for heat transfer and thermo-mechanical behaviour. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate the tool utility in simulating a tall building subjected to vertically travelling fire and a low-rise building subjected to a localised fire.
Children with two homes: Psychological problems in relation to living arrangements in Nordic 2- to 9-year-olds
Authors: Bergström Malin , Fransson Emma , Wells Michael B. , Köhler Lennart , Hjern Anders
Published: April 2018

Aim: Joint physical custody, children spending equal time in each parents’ respective home after a parental divorce, is particularly common in Nordic compared with other Western countries. Older children have been shown to fare well in this practice but for young children there are few existing studies. The aim of this paper is to study psychological problems in 2- to 9-year-old Nordic children in different family forms. Methods: Total symptom score according to the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire as well as scores showing externalizing problems were compared among 152 children in joint physical custody, 303 in single care and 3207 in nuclear families through multiple linear regression analyses. Results: Children in single care had more psychological symptoms than those in joint physical custody (B = 1.08; 95% CI 0.48 to 1.67) and those in nuclear families had the least reported symptoms (B = −0.53; 95% CI −0.89 to −0.17). Externalizing problems were also lower in nuclear families (B = −0.28, 95% CI −0.52 to −0.04) compared with joint physical custody after adjusting for covariates. Conclusions: Young children with non-cohabiting parents suffered from more psychological problems than those in intact families. Children in joint physical custody had a lower total problem score than those in single care after adjusting for covariates. Longitudinal studies with information on family factors before the separation are needed to inform policy of young children’s post-separation living arrangements.
Status update: Gratifications derived from Facebook affordances by older adults
Authors: Jung Eun Hwa , Sundar S Shyam
Published: April 2018

Guided by the Uses and Gratifications 2.0 approach, this study examines the role played by three classes of affordances (i.e. modality, agency, and interactivity) in explicating the gratifications derived by older adults on Facebook. Data from a content analysis of Facebook profiles and an online survey with older adults (aged 60 years and older) who have used Facebook for at least 1 year ( N = 202) show that while status updating and posting personal stories are associated with activity and community-building gratifications respectively, profile customization is key for obtaining agency-enhancement gratification, and participating in conversations on comment threads plays an important role in providing interaction gratification. These findings advance our understanding of social networking site (SNS) use among older adults and suggest interface designs that maximize gratifications for older adults.
Narrative Representation Theory: Identifying the human language with superstructure
Authors: Masuda Hirokuni
Published: April 2018

Narrative Representation Theory (NRT), an evolved framework of Verse Analysis, has come into existence with the mission of explaining the operation of macro-systemic structure that could be hardwired in the brain. Based on the analyses of creoles or archetypal human languages, the theory puts forward the premise stating that the fundamental design of the human language faculty possesses the computational system for internalized discourse. The theory preserves the principles of Quint-patterning, Idea-formatting, N-ary-branching and X-numbering, complying respectively with the hierarchical orderings of constituency, the atomic elements of componentiality, the linear sequences of precedence and the specific measurement of terminal nodes. NRT tells that the macro-system of narrative superstructure must have emerged autonomously, yet links closely with the micro-system of phonology, morphology and syntax. This article explores for the first time scientific insights into the nature of human language, referring to recent research on the right cerebrum as well as on the prefrontal lobes of the brain, the relationship between mental disorders and their genetic deficiencies, and the investigations of human evolution during the period 200,000–40,000 years BP. All the converging evidence in biological sciences reinforces the hypothesis that the narrative superstructure of language faculty manifests as an inherent linguistic capacity in our mind.
Time series analysis of discourse: A case study of metaphor in psychotherapy sessions
Authors: Tay Dennis
Published: April 2018

Time series analysis (TSA) is a technique to describe the structure and forecast values of a particular variable based on a series of sequential observations. While commonly used in finance and engineering to understand structural changes across time, its applicability to humanistic processes like discourse is less clear. This article demonstrates the feasibility and complementary use of TSA with a case study of metaphor use in psychotherapy sessions. A conceptual sketch of how TSA components (trends, seasons, cycles and irregular fluctuations) relate to discourse components is followed by a step-by-step analysis of two therapist–client dyads. Each dyad is shown to be adequately described by a different model, and the key characteristics of the models are interpreted alongside prior qualitative analysis of the dyads, shedding new light on their structural properties and attendant implications. Limitations of the present analysis and future research directions are briefly discussed.
Mandarin ethnomethodology or mutual interchange?
Authors: Maynard Douglas W , Clayman Steven E
Published: April 2018

Contributors to the 2016 Special Issue of Discourse Studies on the ‘Epistemics of Epistemics’ (EoE) claim that studies of epistemics in interaction (how participants display orientations to their own and others’ states of knowledge) have lost the ‘radical’ character of groundbreaking work in ethnomethodology (EM) and conversation analysis (CA). We suggest that the critiques and related writings are a kind of mandarin EM, lacking an adequate definition of ‘radical’, other than to invoke brief and by now familiar statements from Garfinkel and Sacks regarding the pursuit of ‘ordinary everyday activities’ and the avoidance of ‘formal analysis’. Drawing on Egon Bittner’s work, we further suggest that the EoE group shares properties and problems common to social movements claiming the mantle of radicalism. Because of their particular focus on CA and Harvey Sacks’ early work, we also demonstrate that Sacks was not, as asserted, preoccupied with the singularity of occasions. Rather, from his earliest available work (the 1964 lectures), Sacks pursued trans-situational aspects of sequential organization, and documented these not only through single cases but also through the comparative analysis of specimen collections. We conclude by considering how EM and CA are compatible endeavors, both in their engagement with traditional research topics – or what Garfinkel called ‘asymmetric alternates’ – and in their appreciation of generic features implicated in the assembly of social actions and social worlds. This implies a relationship of mutual interchange between EM and CA.
Consultee satisfaction in ending chats of an e-counseling service
Authors: Christodoulidou Maria
Published: April 2018

This study employs the tools of conversation analysis in order to assess consultee satisfaction in chat endings obtained from the e-counseling provided by the Youth Board of Cyprus. In order to study whether consultees are satisfied with the service they receive during the chat, an alternative approach of exploring consultee satisfaction to those that rely on self-report or questionnaires, which are methods that are external to the actual interactions, has been applied. Therefore, internal indications of consultees’ satisfaction, as displayed in the ways in which they express appreciation, or otherwise, during the closing stages of chats, is the preferred method. Indications of satisfaction, or otherwise, produced during the chat, through displays of appreciation, withholding appreciation or even exhibiting dissatisfaction, do help to inform chat-handlers about the extent to which they have satisfied consultees’ expectations. Internal indicators of consultee satisfaction are displayed in the closing stages of the e-counseling chats. The different expressions have consequences on how the chat ends, with satisfied consultees ending the chat with strong and enthusiastic expression of appreciation and with dissatisfied consultees expressing resistance in reaching termination.
Assessment of ergonomically designed handle shapes for low-frequency vibration responses
Authors: Tony B Jain AR , Alphin MS
Published: April 2018

Hand-operated tool handles transmit a large magnitude of vibration to the hand-arm system during low-frequency operations. Therefore, the precise design of a hand tool is very important to overcome musculoskeletal disorders, hand-arm vibration, etc. This study was aimed at developing optimal tool handles with an increased contact area and to overcome the contact pressure, which causes discomfort and pain. Six different human hand-based optimal handles (handles B to G) and one optimal cylindrical handle (handle A) were designed and fabricated using 3D printing technology, in order to assess the effect of low-frequency vibrations. The effect of handle shapes was evaluated with objective and subjective measurements using 15 subjects. Objective measurements were performed to assess the vibration transmissibility by experimental study at the frequency range of 0–100 Hz, and subjective measurements were performed to rate the handles based on comfort descriptors and overall comfort of the handles. Root mean square vibration accelerations were recorded at the wrist, elbow, and shoulder of each subject and at the base of the handle fixture to evaluate the vibration transmissibility for each handle. The mean vibration transmissibility was found to be minimum for handle B and was rated to be more comfortable by the subjects. The results indicated that all the human hand-based handles transmit less vibration and were rated to be more comfortable than the optimal cylindrical handle.
Intimate partner violence and sexual assault among women with serious mental illness: A review of prevalence and risk factors
Authors: Van Deinse Tonya B , Macy Rebecca J , Cuddeback Gary S , Allman Amanda J
Published: April 2018

As compared with the general population, women with serious mental illness experience higher rates of intimate partner violence, sexual assault, and are at a greater risk of future victimization, post-traumatic stress disorder, exacerbated symptoms of mental illness, and other negative health outcomes. Despite substantial research, the field lacks clear, consistent guidance for intervention development. To this end, this review aims to move the field beyond its focus on prevalence by providing a comprehensive and concise summary that compares and assesses the findings, quality, and scope of 10 systematic reviews (reviewing 168 studies) pertaining to prevalence and risk factors of intimate partner violence and/or sexual assault among women with serious mental illness.

Findings

The systematic reviews in this study indicate wide variation exists in the prevalence rates of intimate partner violence among women with serious mental illness. Differences are attributable to inconsistent definitions of key concepts across studies, differences in inclusion and exclusion criteria, type of disability, and type of violent victimization. Fewer than half of the studies focus on risk factors for violent victimization among women with serious mental illness, which contributes to the lack of viable interventions for this population.

Application

The implications discussed in this study address best practices for screening and assessment, opportunities for intervention modification, standardization of definitions of core concepts, and the importance of examining the service challenges from the perspective of clients and service providers. The study offers an organizing framework to advance the field’s focus on risk and protective factors toward developing effective interventions and treatment strategies.
French sociological pragmatism: Inheritor and innovator in the American pragmatic and sociological phenomenological traditions
Authors: Frère Bruno , Jaster Daniel
Published: April 2018

Philosophical pragmatism has seen a revival within the sociological discourse. We bring three strands of this approach into direct dialogue with one another. Anglophone and German scholars have brought pragmatists such as George Herbert Mead back to the forefront of our understandings of social action. In a parallel development, scholars such as Alfred Schütz incorporated Husserlian phenomenology with American pragmatism, reinforcing a specific micro-interactionist model. In Francophone sociology, Luc Boltanski and Laurent Thévenot challenged the hegemonic structuralist approach in the 1980s by developing their own pragmatic framework. In this synthetic review, we illustrate why this recent French pragmatic sociology adds interesting cultural, sociological, and psychological dimensions to the American pragmatic and to phenomenological lineages. We then show how these innovations provide a richer understanding of the interaction between individuals and institutions and a way to understand something American pragmatists and phenomenological sociologists often struggle to engage with: social conflict.
Modality in the digital age
Authors: Ravelli Louise J , Van Leeuwen Theo
Published: April 2018

Kress and Van Leeuwen’s book Reading Images: The Grammar of Visual Design (2006[1996]) provides a robust framework for describing modality in visual texts. However, in the digital age, familiar markers of modality are being creatively reconfigured. New technological affordances, including new modes of production, multiple platforms for distribution, and increased user control of modal variables, raise questions about the role of modality in contemporary communication practices and require the framework to be adapted and further developed. This article attempts to set the agenda for such adaptations and, more generally, for rethinking visual modality and its impact in the digital age.
Thematic analysis of blog narratives written by people with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias and care partners
Authors: Kannaley Kristie , Mehta Shreya , Yelton Brooks , Friedman Daniela B
Published: April 2018

Limited research takes a socio-biographical approach to study the experiences and perspectives of individuals affected by Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. The purpose of this study was to thematically analyze blog narratives written by people with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia and care partners in order to increase understanding of their experiences. Nineteen blogs written by people with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia and 44 blogs written by care partners were analyzed. The first two authors utilized line-by-line open coding to analyze five posts from each group for the development of a codebook. Using NVivo software, the first author proceeded to code the remaining blogs for emergent themes and subcategories. Emergent themes included (1) effects of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia on the person with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia and/or the care partner; (2) seeing the positives; (3) feeling out of control; (4) advocacy and empowerment; (5) coping mechanisms and compensatory strategies; and (6) candid descriptions of experiences with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia. These themes also encompassed numerous subcategories that are discussed in this paper. Results from this study provide insights into the experiences of individuals affected by Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia. Writers discussed several topics that are consistent with research on illness narratives of individuals with chronic diseases, including loss of identity, strategies for coping, and poignant descriptions of life with the disease. This study provides information in the form of overlapping themes from first-person perspectives of numerous individuals affected by Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia. This type of data is crucial to understand the experiences of people who live with ADRD.
Postschool imaginaries: Educational life after neoliberalism
Authors: Bourassa Gregory N
Published: April 2018

This essay expands on the concept of educational life and builds on an autonomist Marxist framework that better allows us to understand neoliberalism’s parasitic operations. Following this, the last section will confront the limits of the progressive educational imaginary and offer up for consideration postschool imaginaries. Drawing on Kathi Weeks’ concept of postwork imaginaries, Bourassa considers how postschool imaginaries might be conducive for troubling particular operations that have become embedded in the grammar of schooling and, also, how they might cultivate alternative and affirmative forms of educational life both in the present and ‘after neoliberalism.’
Utility of Curriculum-Based Approaches for Students With Hearing Loss
Authors: Miller Bryan D.
Published: April 2018

Data collection procedures using adapted Curriculum-Based Assessment (CBA) and Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM) were developed for deaf and hard of hearing students. Results from statistical analyses through linear regression indicated that reading fluency scores using CBA and CBM materials adapted for deaf and hard of hearing students significantly predicted total reading standard scores from the Group Reading Assessment and Diagnostic Evaluation or GRADE across a 10-year (2005–2008 and 2012–2014) time span. The purpose of the present article is to review these procedures and significant results, which help to provide a foundation to demonstrate the utility of curriculum-based approaches with deaf and hard of hearing students.