bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationships between Organic Matter Content in Seawater and Sediment in the East Coast of Bengkalis Island, Riau
Authors: Amin B , Lestari A , Nurrachmi I , Nursyirwani N
Published: December 2022

Organic matter is one of indicators of environmental fertility in both land and aquatic ecosystem. In the coastal area, the content of organic matter in a certain amount can be useful for aquatic biota, but it can also cause a disturbance if the amount exceeds the assimilation capacity of the waters. This study aims to determine the organic matter content in the water column and sediment at high and low tide conditions in the waters of the East coast of Bengkalis Island as well as to determine their relationships. The study was carried out by survey method where samples and data were collected directly in the field and then were taken to the laboratory for further analysis. The results showed that the mean organic matter content in the seawater was lower at high tide (17.38 mg/L – 25.28 mg/L) than at low tide (29.63 mg/L – 35.55 mg/L), whilst in sediments the organic matter content at high tide conditions was also lower (2.28% - 5.37%) compared to low tide (3.46% - 8.62%). The sediment of the east coast of Bengkalis Island was dominated by mud type (53.62 - 93.94 %). The organic matter content in seawater and sediment showed a strong correlation with r value of 0.730 both during high tide (Y= -1.423 + 0.271X) and also during low tide (Y= -14.912 + 0.615X with r value of 0.844), respectively. Further study is still needed to provide a comprehensive understanding on the sustainable environmental condition of the east coast of Bengkalis Island as it is one of the important fishing ground.
Preliminary Study to Estimate The Potential Input of Solid Waste to The Area of Fishing Port, Case Study: Karangantu Fishing Port
Authors: Salim H L , Sudirman N , Ati R N A , Kepel T L , Daulat A , Kusumaningtyas M A , Prasetiawan N R , Permana S M , Setiawan A , Pranowo W S. , Rustam A , Suryono D D , Jayawiguna M H , Sukoraharjo S S
Published: December 2022

The fishing port is an important supporting facility for achieving high-quality of fishery production. Maintaining the quality of fishery products is needed by optimizing the function of fishing ports as they are the cutting edge and a prime mover in the management and utilization of fish resources and port environment, ranging from preproduction, production, processing, and marketing. On the other hand, the fishing port has various environmental problems such as waste management, water quality degradation and liquid waste management. The objective of this study is to identify the solid waste input to a fishing port by using remote sensing approach. The research was conducted in Karangantu Fishing Port (Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Karangantu), located in Serang, Banten. This study shows that the high-resolution satellite imagery was proven to be able to estimate the solid waste input to the fishing port area. The result shows that solid waste input to Karangantu Fishing Port was estimated to be 142.95 tons in 2020, which was derived from office activities, shipping activities, and tourist activities surrounding fishing port area. The method approach from this study is expected to support environmental management in the other fishing port areas.
The Potential of Pineapple Products as a Strategy for Community Economic Revitalization in Peatlands
Authors: Pramana A , Mursyid H , Sutikno A , Zamaya Y , Daulay M H , Jayalaksamana M , Kurnia D
Published: December 2022

The market potential of pineapple in Riau Province is entirely developed along with the development of local food products supported by a qualified pineapple production capacity of up to 354,878 tons/year, especially on peatlands. This study aimed to analyze practical steps in the community as an opportunity to improve the welfare of pineapple farmers and protect peatlands in Riau Province. This study uses a survey method through interviews and direct observation of respondents regarding the raw materials and processing methods of pineapple products that have been carried out. As support, secondary data is used through documents and reports related to the pineapple plant in Riau Province, peat land, community and farmer empowerment, and increasing the added value of products as supporting economic aspects. The economic aspect of the pineapple plant is analyzed by comparing the increase in population with the potential of pineapple. Pineapple food products from the existing pineapple diversification have good palatability and consumer acceptance from the sensory and physical aspects of the processed products produced. Pineapple farmers’ social and welfare aspects are seen by applying appropriate technology in product processing and providing incentives for the community to fulfil production facilities.
Population Dynamics of Lais (Phalacronotus Micronemus) in Musi Stream, South Sumatra
Authors: Wulandari T N M
Published: December 2022

Lais fish (Phalacronotus micronemus) that lives in the Musi watershed is part of the diversity of biological resources, therefore its population needs to be maintained. the exploitation of lais fish due to high market demand and consumption levels that trigger overfishing by fishermen. Data and information regarding Lais stocks in the Musi Stream are not yet known. This research aims to analyze the Lais stock in the Musi Stream as a policy material for fisheries management. The research was carried out in March - July 2018, located in the Musi Stream, South Sumatra Province. Fish samples are the catches of fishermen using fishing gear commonly used in the form of nets and gill nets of various sizes. Various data were collected including length and weight as well as analysis length-weight relationship that obtained from the equation W = 0.0043L3.01, indicating growth pattern of Lais is isometric. Total mortality rate (Z) is 0.78, natural mortality (M) is 0.63, fishing mortality rate (F) is 0.15 and exploitation rate (E) is 0.19 per year.
Spesies Composition and Bycatch from Gombang in East and South Seasons in Bengkalis, Riau, Indonesia
Authors: Yani A H , Effendi I , Nofrizal N , Windarti W , Fatmawati R
Published: December 2022

Gombang is one of the stationary fishing gear used in the coastal waters of Bengkalis. The gear is grouped as trap fishing gear and operated based on the fishing seasons, namely east, west and south seasons. This study at to determine the composition of the main catch, bycatch, and discards of this filtering net gear. The survey was conducted directly in the field, to identify of composition catches during April – September 2019. The catches were classified as main catch, bycatch, and discard. The results of this study showed that the total catch consisted of 35 species. The highest percentage of catch was scored as bycatch during east season (77.7%) with 27 species and during the south season (73.3%) with 26 species. The main catch percentage was 17.1% with six species’ during the east and south seasons. The rest was the discard (5.7%) consisting of 2 species during the east season, and 3 species (8.6%) during the south season. The present study revealed that quantities of bycatch during the west season were relatively higher than the main catch and discard.
Characteristics of Sediment and Physical Oceanography at Shoreline Movement of Rhu Bay Riau Province Indonesia
Authors: Rifardi  , Mubarak  , Wibowo M A , Aminah A F , Paramita E
Published: December 2022

Rhu Bay is located in Rupat Island, Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia, under influence of the Malacca Strait. The main purpose of this study is to analyze shoreline changes in the Rhu Bay Coastal Area for 18 years, from 2012 to 2022 based on characterstics of sediment and physical Oceanography. Analysis of shoreline changes using Google Earth (Landsat Copernicus) covering the entire Rhu Bay area in 2002, 2008, 2014 and 2020. This research was carried out in Rhu Bay in June 2022 through two research stages:1) processing of secondary data in using Lansat Imagery Data and 2) the sediment samples were collected using sediment grab and oceanographic observation (currents, tides and waves) was also carried out at the coast. Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) is empowered in processing spatial data to calculate the rate of abrasion and accretion in Rhu Bay, using the methods applied of Net Shoreline Movement (NSM) and End Point Rate (EPR). The results of the study show that the coastline changes dominantly in Rhu Bay experiencing abrasion of 7.87 - 11.24 meters/year in a period of 18 years. The oceanographic parameters in Rhu Bay showed that the waves had a height of 0.2 m with a period of 3 second, current velocity of 0.36 m/s to the northwest. The change in shoreline is thought to be due to the current that flows from the Malacca Strait at high and low tide, as well as the transport of coastal sediment (dominated by medium sand fraction) towards the Malacca Strait by the currents.
Nutritional Composition and Consumer Preference Level from Hanpen Fish Cake Based on African Catfish Surimi and Cassava Flour
Authors: Sahubawa L , Pratomo S A
Published: December 2022

Fish surimi is mashed meat that undergoes a gradual washing process as an intermediate product that can be used as raw material for various commercially processed products. This study aims to determine the effect of substitution of african catfish surimi and cassava flour on the nutritional composition and consumer preferences of hanpen fish cake. The study used a single factor Completely Randomized Design with 3 treatments, namely substitution of 100 grams of african catfish surimi and 200 grams of cassava flour (a1); 150 grams of surimi and 150 grams of cassava flour (a2), as well as 200 grams of african catfish surimi and 100 grams of cassava flour (a3). The results showed that the substitution ratio of african catfish surimi and cassava flour had a significant effect on increasing ash, protein, and fat content, on the other hand, decreasing water and carbohydrate content at a significance level of 95%. Consumers prefer hanpen fish cake from treatment a3, with nutritional composition, namely water content (71.01%); protein (9.73%); fat (1.49%); minerals/ash (2.39%) and carbohydrates (14.53%). The highest average level of consumer preference for each hedonic attribute is appearance (2.75); aroma/smell (2.97); taste (2.87) and texture (2.93), which are at the like level.
Necrosis Incidence on The Tail Fin of Sand Lobster (Panulirus homarus) Reared Using Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS)
Authors: Prastowo B W , Penataseputro T , Evan Y
Published: December 2022

Lobster rearing has been widely carried out in Indonesia, especially to prevent a decrease in stocks in nature due to fishing that does not pay attention to the aspect of resource sustainability. However, in the effort to rear lobsters, there are obstacles, namely necrosis to the tail fins of sand lobsters reared with recirculation aquaculture system (RAS) caused by infectious diseases. This research was carried out at the Field Test Facility of Fish Health and Environmental Assessment Center (BPKIL) Serang in June-November 2021. Sand lobsters had an initial size of 50-100 grams which were reared in 1000-L fiberglass tanks with a density of 25 individuals per tank and reared with RAS. Samples from diseased sand lobster after being reared in RAS for 176 days. Necrosis (red color and erosive) can be seen in the tail fins of sand lobsters reared with the RAS. From the results of laboratory tests, it was found that there were parasitic infections of the types of ciliates, protozoa, and vorticella. The results of further testing at the Microbiology Laboratory found that there was an infestation of vibriosis disease caused by the bacteria Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Diseases caused by parasitic and bacterial attacks do not affect mass death in sand lobsters, even these symptoms can disappear if sand lobsters can replace their skin (moulting) perfectly. Observations also show that the most mortality occurred in sand lobsters with smaller sizes (weight ≤100 grams). This disease infection occurred due to a decrease in the water quality of the sand lobster rearing media in RAS, mainly because of the high organic matter concentration in the water.
Key Factors for the Sustainability of Mangrove Crab Cultivation Business in Panipahan Indonesia
Authors: Ramadona T , Septya F , Wildah S. W. , Lumbanraja M. M. M. , Siregar S. H. , Darfia N. E. , Hendrizal A , Anam K
Published: December 2022

Mangrove Crab (Scylla serrata) is one of the marine commodities that have high economic value. The problem of mangrove crabs is the limited availab ility in nature, so this condition requires cultivation efforts to maintain the population in nature. Panipahan is one of the mangrove crab cultivation sites in Riau Province, which has been going on since 2013. This study aims to analyze the critical factors for the sustainability of mangrove crab farming businesses in the ecological, economic, institutional social and technological dimensions. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation, in-depth interviews and literature studies. The data analysis technique used is Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) through the Rapfish approach. Informants in this study are experts consisting of cultivators, fisheries services and academics. The results of the analysis of the sustainability of the mangrove crab farming business on an MDS basis are in a less sustainable status with a score of 48.13. In the ecological dimension, the critical factor that affects sustainability is the source/availability of seeds. In the economic dimension, sustainability is influenced by business profit factors. In the institutional social dimension, the dominant key factors are the involvement of family members in the mangrove crab business and the potential for conflict. The dimension of technology that affects sustainability is technical assistance from the government and post-harvest handling. Operational steps that can be taken to obtain optimal results for mangrove crab cultivation business management in Panipahan are to carry out policies/programs related to key factors.
Economic value of carbon in mangrove ecosystem of Cawan Island, Indragiri Regency, Riau, Indonesia
Authors: Warningsih T , Efizon D , Aulia N , Deviasari D
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to calculate the economic value of carbon in the mangrove ecosystem of Cawan Island Indragiri Regency, Riau, Indonesia. Mangrove data retrieval was carried out at three stations using the 10 x 10 m quadratic transect method. A non-destructive sampling method used to estimate tree biomass, by measuring all diameters at breast height (DBH=1.3 m) of mangroves, then calculating using an allometric model. The types of mangroves found on Cawan Island are Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora apiculata, Xylocarpus granatum, Sonneratia alba, Sonneratia ovata, Lumnitzera racemosa, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza and Nypa fruticans. Rhizophora apiculata has the highest biomass of 2,207.48 tons.ha-1 with a carbon potential of 1,015.43 tons-C.ha-1 and carbon absorption of 3,723.24 tons-CO2.ha-1, in general, Cawan Island mangroves have a biomass value of 4,838.40 tons.ha-1 with a carbon potential of 2,199.54 tons-CO2.ha-1 and carbon absorption of 8,064.98 tons-CO2.ha-1. The total value of carbon sequestration produced by mangroves on Cawan Island is IDR.598,566,978,912.year-1.
Could Kuansing’s Pangasius Kunyit Be Protected by Geographical Indication?
Authors: Tiaraputri A , Diana L , Deliana E
Published: December 2022

One form of intellectual property that tries to offer legal protection for the origin of a good, commodity, animal, etc. is a geographical indication. In the waterways of Riau Province, there is a species of catfish calledKuansing’s Pangasius kunyit. It is identified as a geographical indication potential of the Kuantan Singingi Regency based on information collected by the Indonesian Communal Intellectual Property National Data Centre. This study aims to investigate the possibility ofKuansing’s Pangasius kunyitbeing protected as a geographical indication and the efforts made by the local government to support the advantages ofKuansing‘s Pangasius kunyitthrough geographical indications. This investigation relates to the law. A conceptual methodology is used. The local government was required to support the program in order forKuansing’s Pangsius kunyitto be certified as a geographical indication.
Is quantum computing green? An estimate for an energy-efficiency quantum advantage
Authors: Jaschke Daniel , Montangero Simone
Published: December 2022

The quantum advantage threshold determines when a quantum processing unit (QPU) is more efficient with respect to classical computing hardware in terms of algorithmic complexity. The ‘green’ quantum advantage threshold—based on a comparison of energetic efficiency between the two—is going to play a fundamental role in the comparison between quantum and classical hardware. Indeed, its characterization would enable better decisions on energy-saving strategies, e.g. for distributing the workload in hybrid quantum–classical algorithms. Here, we show that the green quantum advantage threshold crucially depends on (a) the quality of the experimental quantum gates and (b) the entanglement generated in the QPU. Indeed, for noisy intermediate-scale quantum hardware and algorithms requiring a moderate amount of entanglement, a classical tensor network emulation can be more energy-efficient at equal final state fidelity than quantum computation. We compute the green quantum advantage threshold for a few paradigmatic examples in terms of algorithms and hardware platforms, and identify algorithms with a power-law decay of singular values of bipartitions—with power-law exponent

α
≲
1

—as the green quantum advantage threshold in the near future.
Democratic Aesthetics, Aesthetic Democracy
Authors: Greiman Jennifer
Published: December 2022

This essay reviews four new books, each of which assesses the prospects of contemporary democracy in the face of wide-ranging crises—from the legacies of settler colonialism to the resurgence of right-wing nationalism—and finds possibilities for democratic renewal in aesthetic orientations and practices. Taken together, Jason Frank’s The Democratic Sublime (2021), Andrés Fabián Henao Castro’s Antigone in the Americas (2021), Michael Steinberg’s The Afterlife of Moses (2022), and Elisabeth Anker’s Ugly Freedoms (2022) suggest that the aesthetic turn in democratic theory most closely associated with the work of Jacques Rancière has been decisive. But if democratic theorists now fully embrace the centrality of creativity, performative assembly, and affective attachment and aversion to democratic renewal, they do not fully agree on the more fundamental question of whether democracy is a stable form that has aesthetic features or whether it is constitutively aesthetic—in other words, whether its people comes into being in moments of materialization with no prior referent.If contemporary political theorists . . . have found better prospects for the revitalization of democratic politics in collective performance and creative resistance than in . . . legal and political institutions, this shows how seriously . . . democratic thought has come to take democracy’s aesthetic dimensions.
Display site selection in a ground dwelling bird: the importance of viewshed
Authors: Ucero Alberto , Alonso Juan C , Palacín Carlos , Abril-Colón Inmaculada , Álvarez-Martínez José M
Published: December 2022

We studied the effects of visibility, female and male distribution, microhabitat and distance to human infrastructure on display site selection in a ground-dwelling bird, the Canarian houbara bustard. Using a very high-resolution digital elevation model based on LIDAR technology, and a complete census of the breeding population, we compared 98 display sites with randomly generated sites through generalized linear models. Univariate analyses showed that males displayed at locations that increased their visibility, both at short and long distances. Interestingly, although numbers of females and males around sites did not differ between display and random locations, from display locations males could see more females and males at both distance ranges. The absence of vegetation and stones was also critical as it allowed males to perform display runs on a ground free of obstacles. The amount of trophic resources did not correlate with the selection of the display site itself, though an appropriate vegetation cover seemed to be important at a wider habitat scale. Finally, display sites were farther away than random sites from sources of human disturbance, such as urban nuclei, buildings and tracks. Logistic regression analyses confirmed the importance of viewshed, low stone and vegetation cover, and distance to urban centres and tracks, and model averaging identified short-range visibility and females visible in the long range as the most important visibility variables. These results are compatible with the sexual advertisement and predator avoidance hypotheses. We provide recommendations to ensure an appropriate management of the breeding habitat of this endangered subspecies.
CCSynergy: an integrative deep-learning framework enabling context-aware prediction of anti-cancer drug synergy
Authors: Hosseini Sayed-Rzgar , Zhou Xiaobo
Published: December 2022

Combination therapy is a promising strategy for confronting the complexity of cancer. However, experimental exploration of the vast space of potential drug combinations is costly and unfeasible. Therefore, computational methods for predicting drug synergy are much needed for narrowing down this space, especially when examining new cellular contexts. Here, we thus introduce CCSynergy, a flexible, context aware and integrative deep-learning framework that we have established to unleash the potential of the Chemical Checker extended drug bioactivity profiles for the purpose of drug synergy prediction. We have shown that CCSynergy enables predictions of superior accuracy, remarkable robustness and improved context generalizability as compared to the state-of-the-art methods in the field. Having established the potential of CCSynergy for generating experimentally validated predictions, we next exhaustively explored the untested drug combination space. This resulted in a compendium of potentially synergistic drug combinations on hundreds of cancer cell lines, which can guide future experimental screens.
Evolution and refinement of magnetically guided sentinel lymph node detection in breast cancer: meta-analysis
Authors: Pantiora Eirini , Tasoulis Marios Konstantinos , Valachis Antonios , Eriksson Staffan , Kühn Thorsten , Karakatsanis Andreas , Rubio Isabel T
Published: December 2022

Background

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) have been used as a tracer for sentinel lymph node (SLN) localization in breast cancer, demonstrating comparable performance to the combination of radioisotope (RI) and blue dye (BD).

Methods

A systematic literature search and meta-analysis with subgroup and meta-regression analysis were undertaken to update the available evidence, assess technique evolution, and define knowledge gaps. Recommendations were made using the GRADE approach.

Results

In 20 comparative studies, the detection rate was 97.5 per cent for SPIO and 96.5 per cent for RI ± BD (risk ratio 1.006, 95 per cent c.i. 0.992 to 1.019; P = 0.376, high-certainty evidence). Neoadjuvant therapy, injection site, injection volume or nodal metastasis burden did not affect the detection rate, but injection over 24 h before surgery increased the detection rate on meta-regression. Concordance was 99.0 per cent and reverse concordance 97.1 per cent (rate difference 0.003, 95 per cent c.i. −0.009 to 0.015; P = 0.656, high-certainty evidence). Use of SPIO led to retrieval of slightly more SLNs (pooled mean 1.96 versus 1.89) with a higher nodal detection rate (94.1 versus 83.5 per cent; RR 1.098, 1.058 to 1.140; P < 0.001; low-certainty evidence). In meta-regression, injection over 24 h before surgery increased the SPIO nodal yield over that of RI ± BD. The skin-staining rate was 30.8 per cent (very low-certainty evidence), and possibly prevented with use of smaller doses and peritumoral injection.

Conclusion

The performance of SPIO is comparable to that of RI ± BD. Preoperative injection increases the detection rate and nodal yield, without affecting concordance. Whether skin staining and MRI artefacts are reduced by lower dose and peritumoral injection needs to be investigated.
Grasp-specific high-frequency broadband mirror neuron activity during reach-and-grasp movements in humans
Authors: Dreyer Alexander M , Michalke Leo , Perry Anat , Chang Edward F , Lin Jack J , Knight Robert T , Rieger Jochem W
Published: December 2022

Broadly congruent mirror neurons, responding to any grasp movement, and strictly congruent mirror neurons, responding only to specific grasp movements, have been reported in single-cell studies with primates. Delineating grasp properties in humans is essential to understand the human mirror neuron system with implications for behavior and social cognition. We analyzed electrocorticography data from a natural reach-and-grasp movement observation and delayed imitation task with 3 different natural grasp types of everyday objects. We focused on the classification of grasp types from high-frequency broadband mirror activation patterns found in classic mirror system areas, including sensorimotor, supplementary motor, inferior frontal, and parietal cortices. Classification of grasp types was successful during movement observation and execution intervals but not during movement retention. Our grasp type classification from combined and single mirror electrodes provides evidence for grasp-congruent activity in the human mirror neuron system potentially arising from strictly congruent mirror neurons.
What works best in hiatus hernia repair, sutures alone, absorbable mesh or non-absorbable mesh? A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Temperley Hugo C , Davey Matthew G , O’Sullivan Niall J , Ryan Éanna J , Donlon Noel E , Donohoe Claire L , Reynolds John V
Published: December 2022

Laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair (HHR) and fundoplication is a common low risk procedure providing excellent control of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and restoring of normal anatomy at the hiatus. HHR may fail, however, resulting in hiatus hernia (HH) recurrence, and the use of tension-free mesh-augmented hernioplasty has been proposed to reduce recurrence. Previous research on this topic has been heterogeneous, including study methods, mesh type used and technique performed. A systematic review and network meta-analysis were carried out. An electronic systematic research was carried out using ‘PUBMED’, ‘EMBASE’, ‘Medline (OVID)’ and ‘Web of Science’, of articles identifying HHR with suture cruroplasty, non-absorbable mesh (NAM) and absorbable mesh (AM) reinforcement. Eight RCTs with 766 patients were evaluated. NAM had significantly (P < 0.05) lower early recurrence rates (OR: 0.225, 95% CI 0.0342, 0.871) compared with suture repair alone; however, no differences in late recurrences were evident. For AM, no difference in early (0.508, 95% CI 0.0605, 4.81) or late (1.07. 95% CI 0.116, 11.4) recurrence rates were evident compared with the suture only group. Major complication rates were similar in all groups. NAM reinforcement significantly reduced early HH recurrence when compared with sutured cruroplasty alone; however, late recurrence rates were similar with all techniques. Given the limited data in comparing AM with NAM, this study was unable to conclude which composition was significant. We emphasize caution when interpreting small sample size RCTs, and recommend more research with larger randomized studies.
Predictors of late pulmonary vein reconnection in patients with arrhythmia recurrence after cryoballoon ablation—per vein analysis including cardiac computed tomography–based anatomic factors
Authors: Terasawa Muryo , Chierchia Gian-Battista , Al Housari Maysam , Bala Gezim , Cosyns Bernard , Droogmans Steven , Tanaka Kaoru , Belsack Dries , De Mey Johan , Sieira Juan , Brugada Pedro , de Asmundis Carlo , Ströker Erwin
Published: December 2022

Aims

To identify predictors of individual late pulmonary vein (PV) reconnection after second-generation cryoballoon (CB2) ablation. Anatomic indicators of late pulmonary vein reconnection (LPVR) post-CB2 ablation have not yet been studied on an individual PV level, nor weighed against clinical and procedural factors.

Methods and results

Clinical, procedural, and PV anatomic data from 125 patients with a repeat procedure for arrhythmia recurrence after index CB2 ablation were analyzed. Preprocedural computed tomography (CT) evaluated 486 PVs for measurement of size; shape (ovality index); carina width; and orientation angle in frontal (superior/inferior) and transversal (anterior/posterior) plane (with horizontal line 0° as reference and upper/lower half circle as positive/negative value, respectively). Durable isolation in all PVs was demonstrated in 50/125 (40%) patients. Late reconnection rates at the different PVs were as follows: 16% left superior (LS), 12% left inferior (LI), 17% right superior (RS), and 31% right inferior (RI) PV. Multivariable analysis performed per vein showed following independent determinants predicting LPVR: ovality index [odds ratio (OR) 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07–2.41, P = 0.022] and carina width (OR 0.75, CI 0.59–0.96, P = 0.024) for LSPV; carina width (OR 0.71, CI 0.53–0.95, P = 0.020) for LIPV; frontal angle (OR 0.91, CI 0.87–0.95, P < 0.001) for RIPV; and transversal angle (OR 1.15, CI 1.03–1.31, P = 0.032) for RSPV.

Conclusion

Cardiac CT-based evaluation of anatomic PV characteristics presented higher predictive value compared to clinical and procedural variables for individual LPVR after CB2 ablation. Pre-procedural identification of unfavourable PV anatomy might be important to tailor the ablation approach.
Genome-wide analysis of cytochrome P450 genes in Citrus clementina and characterization of a CYP gene encoding flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase
Authors: Liu Xiaojuan , Gong Qin , Zhao Chenning , Wang Dengliang , Ye Xianming , Zheng Guixia , Wang Yue , Cao Jinping , Sun Chongde
Published: December 2022

Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) are the largest family of enzymes in plant and play multifarious roles in development and defense but the available information about the CYP superfamily in citrus is very limited. Here we provide a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of the CYP superfamily in Citrus clementina genome, identifying 301 CYP genes grouped into ten clans and 49 families. The characteristics of both gene structures and motif compositions strongly supported the reliability of the phylogenetic relationship. Duplication analysis indicated that tandem duplication was the major driving force of expansion for this superfamily. Promoter analysis revealed numerous cis-acting elements related to various responsiveness. RNA-seq data elucidated their expression patterns in citrus fruit peel both during development and in response to UV-B. Furthermore, we characterize a UV-B-induced CYP gene (Ciclev10019637m, designated CitF3′H) as a flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase for the first time. CitF3′H catalyzed numerous flavonoids and favored naringenin in yeast assays. Virus-induced silencing of CitF3′H in citrus seedlings significantly reduced the levels of 3′-hydroxylated flavonoids and their derivatives. These results together with the endoplasmic reticulum-localization of CitF3′H in plant suggest that this enzyme is responsible for the biosynthesis of 3′-hydroxylated flavonoids in citrus. Taken together, our findings provide extensive information about the CYP superfamily in citrus and contribute to further functional verification.
Feedback semiglobal stabilization to trajectories for the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation
Authors: Rodrigues Sérgio S , Seifu Dagmawi A
Published: December 2022

It is shown that an oblique projection-based feedback control is able to stabilize the state of the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation, evolving in rectangular domains, to a given time-dependent trajectory. The actuators consist of a finite number of indicator functions supported in small subdomains. Simulations are presented, in the one-dimensional case under periodic boundary conditions and in the two-dimensional case under Neumann boundary conditions, showing the stabilizing performance of the feedback control.
Climate Relicts: Asian Scorpion Family Pseudochactidae Survived Miocene Aridification in Caves of the Annamite Mountains
Authors: Loria Stephanie F , Ehrenthal Valentin L , Nguyen Anh D , Prendini Lorenzo
Published: December 2022

Southeast Asia is a hotspot of karst systems in the tropics and many relictual taxa have been documented in caves across the region. The ancient, relictual scorpion family Pseudochactidae Gromov 1998 has a disjunct distribution and includes two hypogean subfamilies from caves in the Khammouan-Phong Nha-Kẻ Bàng Karst in the northern Annamite (Trường Sơn) Mountains of Laos and Vietnam, and one epigean subfamily from Central Asia. A recent revision identified six species in the family; however, how these taxa dispersed and diversified into Southeast Asian cave systems has not been tested. In the present contribution, the phylogeny of Pseudochactidae is reconstructed using three mitochondrial and three nuclear markers and 140 morphological characters, divergence time and ancestral range estimation analyses are conducted, and the evolution of troglomorphic characters is investigated. Results confirm a previous hypothesis that Pseudochactidae originated in Eurasia, most likely near the Tajik block in the Carboniferous, supporting the ‘Out of Eurasia’ hypothesis and contradicting the ‘Eurogondwana’ and ‘Out of India’ hypotheses for the origin of Southeast Asian scorpions. Pseudochactidae dispersed across Southeast Asia after the collision of the Cimmerian continent and Indochina with Eurasia in the Late Jurassic. Colonization of Southeast Asian caves began in the Late Cretaceous and was completed by the Miocene. The onset of aridification in Southeast Asia during the Late Miocene resulted in the extinction of epigean Pseudochactidae, whereas hypogean members of the family likely survived within caves in the limestone massifs of the Annamite Mountains, supporting the ‘Climate Relict’ hypothesis.
LATE and potential estrogen-related risk factors collected 30 years earlier: The 90+ Study
Authors: Paganini-Hill Annlia , Montine Thomas J , Bukhari Syed A , Corrada Maria M , Kawas Claudia H , Sajjadi S Ahmad
Published: December 2022

Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC) is a recently described neuropathological construct associated with dementia. This study aimed to investigate in an autopsy study, LATE-NC and its associations with potential estrogen-related risk factors collected about 30 years before death. Participants were part of The 90+ Study and had, as part of the Leisure World Cohort Study, provided information on menstrual and reproductive variables and details of use of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT). No menstrual and reproductive variable showed an association with LATE-NC. Use of ERT, especially long-term use (15+ years) and more recent use (within 1 year of completing the questionnaire), was associated with reduced risk. The odds were significantly lower for long-term (0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16–0.95) and recent use (0.39, 95% CI: 0.16–0.91) compared with no use. In conclusion, we found that women who reported long-term ERT in their 50s and 60s had a significantly reduced odds of harboring LATE-NC when they died in the 10th and 11th decades of their lives. Our study adds to the existing literature reporting seemingly protective effect of peri- and postmenopausal ERT against neurodegenerative dementia.
How Thailand’s tourism industry coped with COVID-19 pandemics: a lesson from the pilot Phuket Tourism Sandbox project
Authors: Thaicharoen Siriluck , Meunrat Sukanda , Leng-ee Wipawadee , Koyadun Surachart , Ronnasiri Nanthasiri , Iamsirithaworn Sopon , Chaifoo Walairat , Tulalamba Warut , Viprakasit Vip
Published: December 2022

The Phuket Sandbox project was initiated by collaboration between the central government and support from locals to allow travellers entering Phuket while the country remained in lockdown stage. This initiative has been successful and several lessons could be learned from this once in the history of mankind event.
Do plants drive translation reinitiation to dodge nonsense-mediated decay?
Authors: Dong Yihan , Ryabova Lyubov A
Published: December 2022

This article comments on:

Cymerman MA, Saul H, Farhi R, Vexler K, Gottlieb D, Berezin I, Shaul O. 2023. Plant transcripts with long or structured upstream open reading frames in the NDL2 5ʹ UTR can escape nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in a reinitiation-independent manner. Journal of Experimental Botany 74, 91–103.
The art of augmented memory: Remembering with augmented reality application in the case of the Temple of Artemis
Authors: Yılmaz Ahenk , Bodur Oğuz , Komesli Murat , Ölmez Duhan , İnan Yiğit
Published: December 2022

This article focuses on the effects of different representation modes of architectural heritage in augmented reality (AR) applications on remembering. Deterioration of the tangible evidence of architectural heritage compromises not only its visibility in the heritage site, but also its presence in memory. Converging survived features and digitally produced representations of the heritage, AR applications in mobile devices provide the memory of the site with endurance, however what is remembered immensely depends on how the heritage is digitally represented on screen. Conceived as a case study for the method of analysis derived from classical memorizing technique of the art of memory, the ‘[AR]temis’ project, reported in this article, aimed to get insights into the effects of the representational qualities of augmented architectural heritage on remembering and also into future AR projects developed for architectural heritage sites with its original method of analysis to inform design decisions. The research project involved the development of the method of art of augmented memory, the AR application, as well as questionnaires and interviews with the respondents’ on-site tests of the application. The results of this analysis show that the decisions regarding the digital representation of architectural heritage in AR applications entail not only the visual qualities of the heritage per se, but also how the actual site of memory is visualized on screen.
Normalization of Ukrainian letters, numerals, and measures for natural language processing
Authors: Vakulenko Maksym
Published: December 2022

There is still little linguistic data on the Ukrainian language in the context of natural language processing (NLP). At the same time, in view of real perspectives of European integration of Ukraine, its state language will soon probably become one of the European Community languages. This fact draws more and more interest to the possible inclusion of the Ukrainian language in multilingual NLP scenarios. This article aims to provide some important data that are necessary for text-to-speech (TTS) conversion of the Ukrainian language. Relying on Ukrainian phonetics and grammar, we formulate the basic rules governing the normalization of Ukrainian letters, numerals, and measures, which help obtain Ukrainian speech data. The results are presented in tables and strings convenient for coding and further implementation into linguistic tools. These rules are necessary for the TTS tasks arising in various NLP tasks associated with speech synthesis, machine translation, information retrieval, etc.
An epistemic theory of the criminal process, Part II: Packer, Posner and epistemic pressure
Authors: Cullerne Bown William
Published: December 2022

This is Part II of a novel ‘epistemic’ theory of the criminal process. Part I, a formal treatment of how poor measurements degrade control over systems of classification, was published in the last issue. This distinguished four distinct realms of control a policymaker may inhabit and established that the criminal process in the USA is trapped in the third best of these, routinely unable to establish that any policy is better than any other. Here, I first use the new epistemic concepts to mathematize Packer’s influential ‘two models’ theory, both a validation of the formal work and a way of giving it traction in the real world. I then use the new techniques to critique Posner’s law and economics and reject it on methodological grounds. I then argue that the activity of making policy for the criminal process, including any quantativity, is largely a form of ritual. The function of this has been to keep at bay an enduring pressure for rationality, as in Weber’s rationalization thesis, that could not be satisfied. Now that we have the capacity for better measurements, a rational approach is for the first time attainable, and I contemplate the end of the old order.
Probing 3D magnetic fields – I. Polarized dust emission
Authors: Hu Yue , Lazarian A
Published: December 2022

Polarized dust emission is widely used to trace the plane-of-the-sky (POS) component of interstellar magnetic fields in two dimensions. Its potential to access 3D magnetic fields, including the inclination angle of the magnetic fields relative to the line of sight (LOS), is crucial for a variety of astrophysical problems. Based on the statistical features of observed polarization fraction and POS Alfvén Mach number $\overline{M_{\rm A}}_{,\bot }$ distribution, we present a new method for estimating the inclination angle. The magnetic field fluctuations raised by anisotropic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are taken into account in our method. By using synthetic dust emission generated from 3D compressible MHD turbulence simulations, we show that the fluctuations are preferentially perpendicular to the mean magnetic field. We find the inclination angle is the major agent for depolarization, while fluctuations of magnetic field strength and density have an insignificant contribution. We propose and demonstrate that the mean inclination angle over a region of interest can be calculated from the polarization fraction in a strongly magnetized reference position, where $\overline{M_{\rm A}}_{,\bot }^2\ll 1$. We test and show that the new method can trace the 3D magnetic fields in sub-Alfvénic, trans-Alfvénic, and moderately superAlfvénic conditions (0.4 ≲ MA ≲ 1.2). We numerically quantify that the difference of the estimated inclination angle and actual inclination angle ranges from 0° to 20° with a median value of ≤10°.
Which Curve Are We Flattening? The Disproportionate Impact of COVID-19 Among Economically Marginalized Communities in Ontario, Canada, Was Unchanged From Wild-Type to Omicron
Authors: Ma Huiting , Chan Adrienne K , Baral Stefan D , Fahim Christine , Straus Sharon , Sander Beate , Mishra Sharmistha
Published: December 2022

Person-level surveillance (N = 14 million) and neighborhood-level income data were used to explore magnitude of inequalities in COVID-19 hospitalizations and deaths over 5 waves in Ontario, Canada. Despite attempts at equity-informed policies alongside fluctuating levels of public health measures, the magnitude of inequalities in hospitalizations and deaths remained unchanged across waves.
A novel approach to airway management in Pierre Robin syndrome—a case report
Authors: Bhardwaj Ajit , Grewal Ritu , Trivedi Shaleen , Singh Shivinder
Published: December 2022

Pierre Robin syndrome (PRS) neonates are one of the most difficult cases to intubate even for an experienced paediatric anaesthesiologist. We describe a case of a PRS-related anatomical anomaly that hindered attempts to manage the airway and the final approach that made it possible to insert an endotracheal tube (ETT). We describe the novel use of a video ureteroscope (Olympus URF-V2) as an airway endoscope. A 7-day-old, 2-kg boy was referred to our tertiary care hospital with diagnosed PRS. He was planned for correction of the mandible with mandibular distraction osteogenesis under general anaesthesia. Fibreoptic scope (Olympus, Japan) revealed the epiglottis lying on the posterior pharynx, which could not be manoeuvred. Due to repeated attempts, the patient developed laryngospasm, and his pulse arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) was reduced to 70%. Following jaw thrust and slight pulling of the tongue with Magill’s Forceps, a 150-cm long and 0.035-inch diameter atraumatic, Roadrunner® hydrophilic polyurethane-coated guidewire was introduced through the working channel of the video ureteroscope into the trachea under the vision (and a 3.5-mm ID ETT was railroaded over it and a definitive airway was established). A flexible fibreoptic ureteroscope may be useful in the management of a difficult airway and may become an important tool in the armoury of an anaesthesiologist. At our institute, which is a tertiary care centre, we are now training and utilising video-ureteroscope as an airway endoscope. To our knowledge, there is no documentary evidence of the use of a video ureteroscope for difficult airway management of a neonate.
F-actin regulates the polarized secretion of pollen tube attractants in Arabidopsis synergid cells
Authors: Susaki Daichi , Izumi Rie , Oi Takao , Takeuchi Hidenori , Shin Ji Min , Sugi Naoya , Kinoshita Tetsu , Higashiyama Tetsuya , Kawashima Tomokazu , Maruyama Daisuke
Published: December 2022

Pollen tube attraction is a key event of sexual reproduction in flowering plants. In the ovule, two synergid cells neighboring the egg cell control pollen tube arrival via the active secretion of attractant peptides such as AtLURE1 and XIUQIU from the filiform apparatus (FA) facing toward the micropyle. Distinctive cell polarity together with longitudinal F-actin and microtubules are hallmarks of the synergid cell in various species, though the functions of these cellular structures are unclear. In this study, we used genetic and pharmacological approaches to indicate the roles of cytoskeletal components in FA formation and pollen tube guidance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Genetic inhibition of microtubule formation reduced invaginations of the plasma membrane but did not abolish micropylar AtLURE1.2 accumulation. By contrast, the expression of a dominant-negative form of ACTIN8 induced disorganization of the FA and loss of polar AtLURE1.2 distribution toward the FA. Interestingly, after pollen tube reception, F-actin became unclear for a few hours in the persistent synergid cell, which may be involved in pausing and resuming pollen tube attraction during early polytubey block. Our data suggest that F-actin plays a central role in maintaining cell polarity and in mediating male–female communication in the synergid cell.
Analytical capacity as a critical condition for responding to COVID-19 in Brazil
Authors: Koga Natália Massaco , Palotti Pedro Lucas de Moura , de Miranda Marques Pontes Pedro Arthur , do Couto Bruno Gontyjo , Soares Marcos Luiz Vieira
Published: December 2022

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic posed several challenges to the Brazilian health system, among them the general context of ambiguity and uncertainty and the conflicting positioning of the government in power concerning scientific advice resources. Different aspects can be analyzed to explore the dynamics of strengthening and resilience of the system. This paper focuses on its analytical capacity, examining how it was developed and recently challenged. The investigation employed survey data, analysis of official documents and newspaper articles, and in-depth interviews with specialists and federal bureaucrats. The research shows the magnitude and relevance of that dimension of policy capacity in the federal health system and how it was crucial to the resilience of the system in defining the directions of the fight against COVID-19 in Brazil, although scientific-based recommendations were rejected by political leaders.