bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adrenal Insufficiency in Peroxisomal Disorders: A Single Institution Case Series
Authors: Gagnon Charles , Hurst Anna C.E. , Ashraf Ambika P.
Published: January 2023

Introduction: There are two major categories of peroxisomal disorders (PDs): peroxisomal biogenesis disorders (PBDs) due to defects in peroxisomal (PEX) genes and deficiency of other peroxisomal enzymes (such as D-bifunctional enzyme deficiency due to HSD17B4). PDs are characterized by abnormal elevations of very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA). We aimed to evaluate the clinical phenotype of adrenal insufficiency in patients with PD and to assess any genotype-phenotype correlations with adrenal insufficiency. Case Presentation: We performed a retrospective electronic medical record review at a single university medical center, of data over 12 years and identified 7 patients with PD. Of the 7 patients identified, 6 patients had a diagnosis of PBD and one had a single peroxisomal enzyme deficiency, HSD17B4. The average age of the patients at diagnosis were 0.61 ± 0.66 years. Four patients (66.7%) had primary adrenal insufficiency: 3, out of the 4, patients had elevated baseline ACTH. Three patients failed to have increased response after the Cortrosyn™ stimulation test. Three patients were on daily hydrocortisone replacement, and 1 patient was on stress-dose hydrocortisone only as needed. Specific genetic variant analysis revealed that all the 3 patients with PBD and adrenal insufficiency who were on steroid supplementation had the compound heterozygous pathogenic variant in exon 13 of PEX1 c.2097dupT (p.Ile700Tyrfs*42) and c.2528G>A (p.Gly843Asp), while the 1 patient with peroxisomal enzyme deficiency and adrenal insufficiency had compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in HSD17B4 c.1369A>T (p.Asn457Tyr) and c.1210 − 1G>A (splice acceptor). Two of these patients with PEX1 variants also required mineralocorticoid supplementation. The 3 PBD patients without adrenal insufficiency did not have a PEX1 variant. Discussion/Conclusion: Primary adrenal insufficiency is common in patients with PD. Based on our data, patients with the compound heterozygous PEX1 pathogenic variants of exon 13 (c.2097dupT and c.2528G>A) tend to have adrenal insufficiency. Aldosterone deficiency, though rare, can occur in PD.
Predictive and Prognostic Potential of Liver Function Assessment in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Vogel Arndt , Kelley Robin K. , Johnson Philip , Merle Philippe , Yau Thomas , Kudo Masatoshi , Meyer Tim , Rimassa Lorenza
Published: January 2023

Introduction: We conducted a systematic literature review to assess the utility of liver function assessments for predicting disease prognosis and response to systemic anticancer therapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC). Methods: This was a PRISMA-standard review and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021244588). MEDLINE and Embase were systematically searched (March 24, 2021) to identify publications reporting the efficacy and/or safety of systemic anticancer therapy (vs. any/no comparator) in liver-function-defined subgroups in phase 2 or 3 aHCC trials. Screening was completed by a single reviewer, with uncertainties resolved by a second reviewer and/or the authors. English-language full-text articles and congress abstracts were eligible for inclusion. Included publications were described and assessed for risk of bias using the GRADE methodology. Results: Twenty (of 2,579) screened publications were eligible; seven categorized liver function using the albumin-bilirubin system, nine using the Child-Pugh system, four using both. GRADE assessment classified ten, nine, and one publication(s) as reporting moderate-quality, low-quality, and very-low-quality evidence, respectively. Analyses of cross-trial trends of within-exposure arm analyses (active and control) reported a positive relationship between baseline liver function and overall survival and progression-free survival, supporting liver function as a prognostic marker in aHCC. There were also signals for a modest relationship between more preserved baseline liver function and extent of systemic treatment benefit, and with more preserved liver function and lower incidence of safety events. Conclusion: This review supports liver function as a prognostic variable in aHCC and highlights the value of a priori stratification of patients by baseline liver function in aHCC trials. The predictive value of liver function warrants further study. Findings were limited by the quality of available data.
Identifying clickbait in online news using deep learning
Authors: Chowanda Andry , Nadia Nadia , Kolbe Lie Maximilianus Maria
Published: January 2023

Several industries use clickbait techniques as their strategy to increase the number of readers for their news. Some news companies implement catchy headlines and images in their news article links, with the expectation that the readers will be interested in reading the news and click the provided link. The majority of the news is not hoax news. However, the content might not be as grand as the catchy headlines and images provided to the readers. This research aims to explore the classification model using machine learning to identify if the headlines are classified as clickbait in online news. This research explores several machine learning techniques to classify clickbait in online news and comprehensively explain the results. Several popular machine learning techniques were implemented and explored in this research. The results demonstrate that the model trained with fast large margin provides the best accuracy and classification error (90% and 10%, respectively). Moreover, to improve the performance, bidirectional encoder representations from transformers architecture was used to model clickbait in online news. The best BERT model achieved 98.86% in the test accuracy. BERT model requires more time to train (0.9 hour) compared to machine learning (0.4 hour).
Reliability enhancement of radial distribution system by placing the reactive power compensators and distribution systems
Authors: Pattabhi Manjunatha Babu , Sundar Krishna Shanmukha , Lakshmikantha Bengaluru Rangappa
Published: January 2023

Distribution systems (DSs) are highly stressed with addition of newer loads like electric vehicle charging stations and lower scope for expansion due to urbanization. Any line outage could cause interruption to major loads. Reliability studies have gained importance for lowering the frequency and lowering the duration of interruption for supply systems. In this paper a bi-stage method for optimum placement of reactive power compensation devices and distributed generations (DGs) for enhancing voltage stability and system reliability. A new method named delta analysis method is used to optimally locate the reactive power compensation devices and DGs. IEEE-33 radial DS, which is taken as experimental system. Based on the study, the fixing of reactive power compensation devices and DGs are to increase voltage outline of buses and decrease power fatalities. After the placement of DGs, the enhancement in reliability indices following line contingency is studied using MATLAB simulation.
A missing data imputation method based on salp swarm algorithm for diabetes disease
Authors: Hassan Geehan Sabah , Ali Noora Jamal , Abdulsahib Asma Khazaal , Mohammed Farah Jasim , Gheni Hassan Muwafaq
Published: January 2023

Most of the medical datasets suffer from missing data, due to the expense of some tests or human faults while recording these tests. This issue affects the performance of the machine learning models because the values of some features will be missing. Therefore, there is a need for a specific type of methods for imputing these missing data. In this research, the salp swarm algorithm (SSA) is used for generating and imputing the missing values in the pain in my ass (also known Pima) Indian diabetes disease (PIDD) dataset, the proposed algorithm is called (ISSA). The obtained results showed that the classification performance of three different classifiers which are support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbour (KNN), and Naïve Bayesian classifier (NBC) have been enhanced as compared to the dataset before applying the proposed method. Moreover, the results indicated that issa was performed better than the statistical imputation techniques such as deleting the samples with missing values, replacing the missing values with zeros, mean, or random values.
Curriculum learning based overcomplete U-Net for liver tumor segmentation from computed tomography images
Authors: Tummala Bindu Madhavi , Barpanda Soubhagya Sankar
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we have proposed an overcomplete U-Net to perform liver tumor segmentation jointly using a curriculum learning strategy. Liver tumor segmentation is the most prominent and primary step in treating liver cancer and can also help doctors with proper diagnosis and therapy planning. However, it is challenging because of variations in shape, position, and depth of tumors and adjacent boundaries with internal organs around the liver. We have presented a promising solution by designing a U-Net-based segmentation network with two branches: an overcomplete branch to fine grade the small structures and an undercomplete branch to fine grade the high-level structures. This combination allows the network to learn all types of tumor artifacts more accurately. We also changed the conventional learning paradigm to curriculum learning where the input images are fed to the network from easy to hard ones to achieve faster convergence. Finally, our network segments the tumors directly from the whole medical images without the need for segmented liver region of interests (ROIs). The proposed network achieved a DICE score of 75% in tumor segmentation which is a decent value when compared with some existing deep learning methods for liver tumor segmentation.
Real-time monitoring system based on integration of internet of things and global system of mobile using Raspberry Pi
Authors: Qasim Hamzah H. , Jasim Ali M. , Hashim Khalid A.
Published: January 2023

Security and safety of homes remain critical issues in all countries. The majority of individuals have to deal with significant issues like fire and theft at some point in their lives, particularly in families that spend the majority of their time and engage in most of their activities outside the house. There is a pressing need to use cutting-edge technology in order to upgrade and strengthen the security system, as well as to remotely monitor the living environment for potential mishaps. In this paper, we proposed two integrated techniques, which are the internet of things (IoT) and short message service (SMS), to monitor the home for hazards to take the necessary actions, by Raspberry Pi 4 model B as a controller and phone app to monitor. Global system of mobile (GSM) sends SMS alerts to users, and the Blynk application monitors the data of sensors. Our outcome of this demonstrates that the proposed had the capability and high efficiency to monitor and detect undesirable situations in real-time before disasters occur.
Designing a power system stabilizer using a hybrid algorithm by genetics and bacteria for the multi-machine power system
Authors: Zadehbagheri Mahmoud , Sutikno Tole , Kiani Mohammad Javad , Yousefi Meysam
Published: January 2023

This research creates an optimal power grid stabilizer for four machines. Rotor speed signals are system inputs in the proposed design. To improve response, this system uses a conventional power system stabilizer (CPSS) and an optimal CPSS (OCPSS). The genetic optimization hybrid has a new structure, and the network generators use the bacterial foraging algorithm (BFA) with stabilizer system. The system set is tested by MATLAB software under various conditions to evaluate the designs. The experiment starts with a three-phase fault in line 3 that is fixed by breaking the line after 0.2 seconds. The simulation results show that after a short circuit in line 3, the proposed OCPSS design reaches damping after about a cycle of oscillation in 4 seconds. However, the conventional CPSS design achieves damping after four oscillations in six seconds. Simulations show that the proposed method is better than genetic algorithm (GA) and BFA. Power system oscillations are dampened faster and with lower amplitude when power system stabilizer (PSS) coordinate with the proposed optimization method. It also improves power system dynamics. We demonstrate with the proposed OCPSS stabilizer that advanced optimization systems can maximize system control capacity by utilizing conventional CPSS system advantages.
Improving FEC layer frame for DVB-S2 link system based on 5G NR polar coding
Authors: Salih Omar M , Hameed Ashwaq Q
Published: January 2023

Within the scope of this investigation, the MATLAB simulation code for digital video broadcasting–for satellite–second generation (DVB-S2) has been constructed. Forward error correction (FEC) rates as 3/5, 2/3, and 3/4 across additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and Rayleigh fading channels are used to evaluate the system's performance, mainly while working on quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), 8-ary phase-shift keying (8PSK), 16-ary amplitude phase-shift keying (16APSK), and 32-ary amplitude phase-shift keying (32APSK) official modulation types. The system's redesign has been achieved to investigate high performance and reliability based on a cascade of new radio (NR) fifth generation (5G) Polar coding with low-density parity-check (LDPC). Some signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels were changed when evaluated in contrast to the conventional model. It has been determined that five iterations of the LDPC decoder were performed. In comparison to the traditional model. The proposed design's performance accomplished the highest possible value for reducing the bit error rate (BER) value and investigated better-transmitted power gain for most testing cases.
Colour image encryption based on hybrid bit-level scrambling, ciphering, and public key cryptography
Authors: Al-Ali Ahmed Kamil Hasan , Alkhasraji Jafaar Mohammed Daif
Published: January 2023

This paper proposes an image encryption technique using three stages algorithms based on hyper-chaotic maps. In the first scenario, bit-level scrambling (BLS) using a 2D coupled chaotic map (2D-CCM) is used to encrypt the bits of the basic colour image. In the second strategy, the scrambled bit level is XORed with pseudo random bit generator (PRBG). The PRBG is designed using a combination of chaotic maps, including, logistic map (LM), sine map (SM), 5D chaotic map (5D-CM), enhanced quadratic map (EQM), and 2D henon SM (2D-HSM). The pubic key based on the Chebyshev polynomial chaotic map is used as the final phase of the encryption algorithms. The performance analysis of the proposed image encryption technique is validated through various criteria such as fundamental space analysis, correlation coefficient, entropy, the number of pixels changes rate (NPCR), and unified average-changing intensity (UACI). Also, the obtained results are compared with other recent studies. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed technique has robust security and it provides the image with high protection against various attacks.
Analysis and description S-box generation for the AES algorithm-a new 3D hyperchaotic system
Authors: Zghair Hayder Kadhim , Manaa Mehdi Ebady , A. AL-Murieb Safa Saad , Abd Al-Razaq Fryal Jassim
Published: January 2023

In this paper, a description, and analysis of a novel 3-D dimension hyperchaotic system is implemented. The proposed system oscillation is two-order autonomous and consisted of a nine-term and symmetric oscillation w.r.t x-axis. It is proved analysis by Kaplan-York dimension, waveform analysis, phase portrait, and Lyapunov exponent. This work-study stability and equilibrium point and Routh stability criteria produced that the new system has one unstable point from the type saddle-focus point. One of the characteristics of the proposed system is hyperchaotic since this system has two Lyapunov large than zero. This system is applied to generate a chaotic  (S-box) based in advanced encryption standard (AES) algorithm for text encryption and gives a high level of security. In addition to the description, and analysis S-box. Therefore. the proposed algorithm is satisfied the high randomness of entropy value and passes the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) parameters and another test. Mathematica and MATLAB programs simulated some results.
A binary classification model of COVID-19 based on convolution neural network
Authors: Saeed Reham Sabah , Alwawi Bushra Kadhim Oleiwi Chabor
Published: January 2023

The outbreak of the new coronavirus (COVID-19) had resulted in the creation of a disaster all over the world and it had become a highly acute and severe illness. The prevalence of this disease is increasing rapidly worldwide. The technology of deep learning (DL) became one of the hot topics in the computing context and it is widely implemented in a variety of the medical applications. Those techniques proved to be sufficient tools for the clinicians in automatic COVID-19 diagnosis. In the present study, a DL technology that is based on convolution neural networks (CNN) models had been suggested for the binary COVID-19 classification. In the initial step of the suggested model, COVID-19 data-set of chest X-ray (CXR) images have been obtained then preprocessed. Whereas in the second stage, a new CNN model has been built and trained for diagnosing COVID-19 data-set as (positive) infection or (negative) normal cases. The suggested architecture had a success in classifying COVID-19 with the training model accuracy that had reached 96.57% for the training data-set and 92.29% for validating data-set and could reach the target point with a minimal learning rate for training this model with promising results.
A multiband triangular antenna for wireless communication applications
Authors: Biradar Nagnath , Singh Kishan
Published: January 2023

Modern technology has made it easier to perform many tasks, including data, voice, video, and short-range device-to-device communication. These characteristics operate at different frequencies. In order to realize compact electronic devices and give users ease of movement, the antenna should operate on various frequency bands. This paper discusses the design of quad band antenna operating from 2.1 to 2.6 GHz, 3.9 to 4.9 GHz, 5.1 to 6.3 GHz, and 7.4 to 11.2 GHz. The realization of multiband is achieved using slots as parasitic elements on the radiator. These slots alter the antenna's regular current flow by generating a local, out-of-phase current channel with the same amplitude. The presented antenna has an overall electrical dimension of 0.22×0.16×0.01 λ3 (λ is determined using the frequency of 2.1 GHz). The 1.6 mm thickness FR4 substrate serves as the development platform for the proposed multiband antenna. The antenna has good reflection coefficient (S11), voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), radiation characteristics, anda peak gain of around 5.1 dB. The results show design usefulness for wireless applications and are consistent with the measured values.
Widespread compact fluorescent lamp evaluations in 50 Hz electrical network
Authors: Ishak Ruhaizad , Mohd Shah Ahmad Syahiman , Muhammad Ridzuan Mohd Ikhwan , Muhamad Bunnori Noraslinda
Published: January 2023

Rapid development in electrical technology has imposed strong challenges to modern power system. Power quality has become a great concern due to proliferation of power electronic technology in modern electrical loads. Specifically for lighting load such as compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs), one of the concerning issues is harmonics. CFL is a cost-competitive and energy efficient compared to incandescent lamp. Inevitably, CFL produces harmonics current due to nonlinearity behaviour of the electronic ballast circuit. This paper presents a study on the widespread installation of CFL lamps in electrical power network. Initially, the harmonic current characteristics of local-branded CFL was identified from laboratory measurement. Then, a simulated CFL model was developed in MATLAB/Simulink to replicate the identified characteristics. The same step was repeated for other two different brands where eventually all models were embedded into a distribution network. The results show that at low voltage level, with installation more than 50 units for each type of CFL, the harmonic voltage distortion exceeded the 8% total harmonic distortion (THD) limit as stipulated in EN50160 standard. However, at higher voltage, the amount of THD decreased to average 0.94% and further down to average 0.28% at small transmission voltage level.
Mobile game model for monitoring Malaysian food calories intake using image recognition
Authors: Ismail Nurmaisarah , Salam Sazilah , Mohamad Siti Nurul Mahfuzah , Pudjoatmodjo Bambang , Shafie Norazlina , Lip Rashidah , Norasikin Mohd Adili , Shahbodin Faaizah
Published: January 2023

Two important problems related to food consumption were reported in Malaysia: Malaysia was the sixth rank in Asia for the highest adult obesity rate; and the United Nation reported that Malaysian consumed an average of 2,910 calories per day. An imbalanced diet and high intake of calorie-dense food problems that need attention to reduce obesity. These problems affect national economies by lowering productivity, increasing disability, raising health care expenses, and shortening life spans. Although, there are food calorie tracking applications available, however, existing apps are less engaging and to recognize Malaysian food due to its not versatile databases. This can be solved using game technologies. Hence, this study will propose mobile game model as a solution to the underlying problems. There are 4 phases in the method: expert validation, initial model, expert verification, and final model. The proposed parameters were validated by dietitians, and nutritionists. The model was verified by game experts. A low fidelity prototype was developed based on the proposed model to assist the expert verification process. The model was finalized based on the expert’s feedback. The proposed game model resolves the limited recognition of Malaysian food and monitoring the food calories intake in an engaging way.
Discover human poses similarity and action recognition based on machine learning
Authors: Abdulghani Mohammed Moath , Ghazal Mohammed Talal , M. Salih Anmar Burhan
Published: January 2023

In the computer vision field, human action recognition depending on pose estimation recently made considerable progress, especially by using deep learning, which improves recognition performance. Therefore, it has been employed in various applications, including sports and physical activity follow-up. This paper presents a technique for recognizing the human posture in different images and matching their pose similarity. This aims to evaluate the viability of employing computer vision techniques to verify a person's body pose during exercise and determine whether the pose is executed properly. Exercise is one strategy we use to maintain our health throughout life. Gymnastics and yoga are two examples of this type of exercise. The proposed algorithm identifies human action by recognizing the body's key points. The OpenPose library has been used to detect 18 key points of the human body. The action classification task is performed using the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. Then, the algorithm computes the similarity of the human pose by comparing a model image to a test image to determine the matching score. Evaluations show that our method can perform at a competitive or state-of-the-art performance on a number of body pose datasets.
Framework for selecting the best software quality model for a smart health application based on intelligent approach
Authors: Saleh Ashraf Mousa , Enaizan Odai
Published: January 2023

There is difficulty in knowing how to weigh the factors of software quality models so that decision-making can be eased. Furthermore, previous work was limited to undertake evaluation and selection of appropriate software quality model based upon multi-criteria in the context of smart health applications. This paper aims to evaluate and select an appropriate model of software quality based on multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) by three phases of framework. Firstly, investigation of software quality models and factors that were identified based on ‘fuzzy delphi’. Secondly, identification of quality models that have uniform multi-criteria so that a decision matrix could be established. Uniform multi-criteria were used in the decision matrix as the basis of the models of quality and the multi-criteria. Subsequently, MCDM approach is adopted and the bases used in the employment of the MCDM approach for the eva luation and selection of the software quality model were technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP). The results demonstrated that seven quality factors could be considered as the key factors based upon fuzzy delphi, i.e., usability, maintainability, reliability, interoperability, portability, modifiability, and efficiency. Also, reults shows that McCall is the most appropriate model.
Fast terminal sliding mode control for dual arm manipulators
Authors: Dương Minh Đức , Chuyển Trần Đức , Nguyễn Tùng Lâm
Published: January 2023

In this paper, present the recent advances in bimanual industrial manipulators have led to an increased interest in the specific problems pertaining to dual arm manipulation. This paper presents a control algorithm for dual arm robot that can move the object in a working plane both in translation and rotation ways. Different from other research that extend the control algorithms for a single robot to a dual arm robot because of fixed grasp assumption, this research has considered the frictional contact constraints to guarantee object grasping during moving of the object. Fast terminal sliding mode control (FTSMC) technique is used to design the controller and comparison to traditional and super-twisting sliding mode controls have been done. Simulations show the effectiveness and outperformance of the proposed control algorithm in comparison to considered sliding mode control techniques.
An accurate traffic flow prediction using long-short term memory and gated recurrent unit networks
Authors: Sawah Mohamed S. , Taie Shereen Aly , Ibrahim Mohamed Hasan , Hussein Shereen A.
Published: January 2023

Congestion on roadways is an issue in many cities, especially at peak times, which causes air and noise pollution and cause pressure on citizens. So, the implementation of intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) is a very important part of smart cities. As a result, the importance of making accurate short-term predictions of traffic flow has significantly increased in recent years. However, the current methods for predicting short-term traffic flow are incapable of effectively capturing the complex non-linearity of traffic flow that affects prediction accuracy. To overcome this problem, this study introduces two novel models. The first model uses two long-short term memory (LSTM) units that can extract the traffic flow temporal features followed by four dense layers to perform the traffic flow prediction. The second model uses two gated recurrent unit (GRU) units that can extract the traffic flow temporal features followed by three dense layers to perform the traffic flow prediction. The two proposed models give promising results on performance measurement system (PEMS), traffic and congestions (TRANCOS) dataset that is firstly used as metadata. So, the two models can do this in specific cases and are able to suddenly capture trend changes.
Imaging Targets to Visualize the Cardiac Immune Landscape in Heart Failure
Authors: Wienecke Laura M. , Leid Jamison M. , Leuschner Florian , Lavine Kory J.
Published: January 2023

Heart failure involves a complex interplay between diverse populations of immune cells that dynamically shift across the natural history of disease. Within this context, the character of the immune response is a key determinant of clinical outcomes. Recent technological advances in single-cell transcriptomic, spatial, and proteomic technologies have fueled an explosion of new and clinically relevant insights into distinct immune cell populations that reside within the diseased heart including potential targets for molecular imaging and therapy. In this review, we will discuss the immune cell types and their respective functions with respect to myocardial infarction remodeling, dilated cardiomyopathy, and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. In addition, we give a brief overview regarding myocarditis and cardiac sarcoidosis as inflammatory heart failure etiologies. We will highlight markers and cell populations as targets for molecular imaging to visualize inflammation and tissue healing and discuss clinical implications including the development and implementation of precision medicine approaches.
Developmental Care for Hospitalized Infants With Complex Congenital Heart Disease: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association
Authors: Lisanti Amy Jo , Uzark Karen C. , Harrison Tondi M. , Peterson Jennifer K. , Butler Samantha C. , Miller Thomas A. , Allen Kiona Y. , Miller Steven P. , Jones Courtney E. ,   the American Heart Association Pediatric Cardiovascular Nursing Committee of the Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Lifelong Congenital Heart Disease and Heart Health in the Young; and Council on Hypertension
Published: January 2023

Developmental disorders, disabilities, and delays are a common outcome for individuals with complex congenital heart disease, yet targeting early factors influencing these conditions after birth and during the neonatal hospitalization for cardiac surgery remains a critical need. The purpose of this science advisory is to (1) describe the burden of developmental disorders, disabilities, and delays for infants with complex congenital heart disease, (2) define the potential health and neurodevelopmental benefits of developmental care for infants with complex congenital heart disease, and (3) identify critical gaps in research aimed at evaluating developmental care interventions to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes in complex congenital heart disease. This call to action targets research scientists, clinicians, policymakers, government agencies, advocacy groups, and health care organization leadership to support funding and hospital‐based infrastructure for developmental care in the complex congenital heart disease population. Prioritization of research on and implementation of developmental care interventions in this population should be a major focus in the next decade.
Quantities or Qualities? A Forgotten Debate about Sounds between Ptolemy and Porphyry
Authors: Milesi Matteo
Published: January 2023

In his Commentary on Ptolemy’s Harmonics, Porphyry debunks Ptolemy’s quantitative theory of pitches by demonstrating that pitches are qualitative attributes of sound. I argue that Porphyry’s main concern is to save the phenomenological dimension of sound while preserving the possibility of a quantitative analysis of music. I show how he draws on the Aristotelian tradition to develop a theory of pitches as emergent properties that covary with some underlying quantitative features without being reducible to them. Porphyry offers an original and compelling solution to the classic problem of how to provide a quantitative analysis of a qualitative phenomenon.
The Impious and Their Impiety in Wisdom of Solomon
Authors: McCashen Grayden
Published: January 2023

Scholars often suggest that Wisdom of Solomon contains disparate approaches to impiety in chs. 1–9 and chs. 10–19. The earlier chapters approach impiety and impious individuals from an ethical perspective, but the latter chapters approach impiety with an ethnocentric and/or nationalistic perspective. In chs. 10–19, Wisdom presents righteousness as characteristic of the Jewish people and impiety as characteristic of Gentiles. This article argues that Wisdom’s approach to impiety is more consistent and coherent than this narrative implies. A philosophically informed moral psychology of the impious is discernable in chapters 1–2 and in two distinct images of the Impious from chs. 10–19. In each case, impiety is rooted in the misorientation of the soul, which results in errant reasoning (sometimes influenced by passions), and finally bodily impiety. This article further suggests these philosophically informed images of the impious can be understood as functioning as part of a two-ways ethical protreptic.
Revealing the Innovations in Late Medieval Roof Structures of Finland
Authors: Savolainen Panu , Seppänen Liisa , Laine Laura , Huttunen Marko , Aakala Tuomas
Published: January 2023

In Scandinavia and Finland, nearly all constructions, including monumental and sacral architecture, used only timber until the 11th century. In Finland, timber remained the dominant construction material until the 19th century. Due to many fires, wars, and other catastrophic events, the number of still-standing wooden buildings and constructions erected before industrialization is very limited. Medieval wooden buildings can only be found in archaeological excavations, and the last remaining medieval load-bearing wooden structures are preserved in the medieval stone churches. While medieval roof constructions have been widely researched elsewhere in Europe, a comprehensive understanding of medieval roof constructions in Finland is largely lacking. This article presents an ongoing study of roof structures in Finnish medieval stone churches, focusing on two churches, Pernaja and Hammarland, which provide evidence of the transition from tie beam roof trusses to roof trusses without a tie beam. We examine the typology of the trusses, and present new results based on a comparison of the churches and dendrochronological analyses. Finally, we discuss possible explanations for the structural innovations and the emergence of the roof truss without a tie beam in a wider cultural context.
Influence of Refrigerant Type, Nanoparticle’s Concentration and Size on the Performance and Exergy Efficiency of the Vapour Compression Refrigeration System Using Al2O3 Based Nanolubricant
Authors: Ogbonnaya Mercy , Ajayi Oluseyi O. , Waheed M. A.
Published: January 2023

Vapour compression refrigeration systems (VCRS) are commonly used in the tropic region for the cooling and preservation of household and industrial items. The performance, power consumption and exergy efficiency of the vapour compression refrigeration system (VCRS) can be improved by
replacing the lubricant with nanolubricants. In this study, nanolubricants were prepared at different mass concentrations of 1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, and 20% using aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles of nominal diameter 10 nm, 20–30 nm and 80 nm. Scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) and X-ray diffraction analyses were carried out on the aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles. Using R600a and R134a refrigerants to investigate heat transfer behaviour of nanorefrigerant, the addition of nanoparticles into the VCRS enhanced the performance and exergy
efficiency of the system. This was achieved by reducing the energy consumed and destroyed within the compressor of VCRS. Smaller nominal diameter nanoparticles of 10 nm performed better and possess better exergy efficiency for nanoR600a while the 20–30 nm had the best performance for
nanoR134a refrigerant. The average value of coefficient of performance (COP) obtained was observed to be higher for R600a using 10 nm sized nanoparticles compared with R134a.
Numerical Solution of Radiative and Dissipative Flow on Non-Newtonian Casson Fluid Model via Infinite Vertical Plate with Thermo-Diffusion and Diffusion-Thermo Effects
Authors: Sunder Ram M. , Ashok N. , Shamshuddin MD.
Published: January 2023

This research presents mathematically developed model to examine non-Newtonian Casson fluid flow in the existence of radiation, Ohmic dissipation, thermo-diffusion and diffusion-thermo over infinite vertical plate domain. Using similarity transformations, the governing partial derivative
related to fluid model is transmuted to ordinary derivative equations and then solved computationally by adopting Runge-Kutta method via shooting quadrature in mathematical software MAPLE. The impacts of various considered effects were assed and solutions for momentum velocity profiles, heat
transfer energy and mass transfer concentration profiles are investigated via graphical presentation. The outcomes show that radiation and magnetic field increased heat distribution and improvement in yield stress through an enhancement in Casson term reduces the flow speed. Presence of Cross
diffusion terms has remarkable impact on thermal and solutal profiles. Further, numerical significances of engineering quantities such as skin friction, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are provided in tabular form. Finally, to justify the outcomes of this study, a resemblance is taken with
earlier published works and found there is good correlation.
The Transportation of Maxwell Fluid in the Rotating and Stretching System: Rotor-Stator Spinning Disc Reactor Applications
Authors: Negi Anup Singh , Kumar B. , Kumar Ashok , Prachi  , Singhal Abhinav , Ray A. K. , Chamkha A. J.
Published: January 2023

We have developed a mathematical model and obtained a numerical solution for the motion of a non-Newtonian Maxwell fluid between two disks having rotation and stretching velocity with convective boundary constraints, porous medium and thermal radiation. The present Maxwell fluid flow
model with specified boundary constraints is not discussed so far. The proposed model has a lot of applications in electrical power generation, nuclear energy plants, astrophysical flows, space vehicles, geothermal extractions, and spinning disc reactor. The Von Karman similarity approach
is used for the solution and validation of the solution is also provided. The solution is obtained numerically with finite difference method (FDM) based ND-solve command in Mathematica software. The effects of magnetic field, porous medium, radiation parameter, Deborah number, Prandtl number,
and Reynolds number on skin friction, heat transfer, flow and temperature fields are discussed in detail. Due to the significant void fraction in the medium, porosity parameter shows unique trend compared to other parameters for the radial velocity profile. It has tendency to enhance the radial
velocity near both the disc but in the middle part of system, porosity parameter retards radial velocity significantly.
Is Continued Perioperative Antithrombotic Therapy Safe When Performing Open Tracheostomy?
Authors: Kennedy Maeve M. , Abdel-Aty Yassmeen , Butterfield Richard , Zhang Nan , Lott David G.
Published: January 2023

Objectives:

To date, there are no specific guidelines on antithrombotic therapy (ATT) management, which includes both anticoagulation and antiplatelet medications, for open tracheostomy. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the use of perioperative antithrombotic medication during open tracheostomy influences the incidence of perioperative or postoperative complications.

Methods:

A retrospective review was conducted of all patients who underwent open tracheostomies at a tertiary care medical center from January 2015 to December 2019. Charts were reviewed for demographics, comorbidities, indication for tracheostomy, ATT use, operative details, and complications.

Results:

A total of 217 tracheostomies were evaluated for this study, of which 148 (68.2%) were not on ATT and 69 (31.8%) were on ATT during surgery. No significant difference was observed based on ATT status in perioperative bleeding ( P = .983), postoperative bleeding ( P = .24), or median days to decannulation ( P = .5986). ATT patients were 2.67 times more likely to experience 30-day mortality than those non-ATT patients ( P = .035). There was only one death due to hemorrhage in the ATT group. This was unrelated to the tracheostomy. This compares to 2 hemorrhage-related deaths in those not on ATT.

Conclusion:

There was no significant difference in perioperative or postoperative bleeding based on ATT use. Patients on ATT were significantly more likely to experience 30-day mortality, however only one death was due to hemorrhage in the ATT group and was unrelated to tracheostomy. Therefore, continued perioperative ATT use appears to be safe when performing open tracheostomy.

Level of Evidence:

4
Attitudinal Ambivalence on Redistribution: Causes and Electoral Implications Across Europe
Authors: Yakter Alon
Published: January 2023

While support for redistribution remains high across Europe, voting for left-wing parties, traditionally identified with this agenda, has been under par. Past research explains this puzzle by class-based disagreements about redistributive priorities and by second-dimension attitudes. These explanations, however, assume coherent voter preferences reacting to structural changes. By contrast, I argue that part of the puzzle also lies in attitudinal ambivalence—simultaneous negative and positive evaluations—regarding redistributive policy. Using cross-sectional public opinion and party position data, I find that such ambivalence increases with lower political sophistication, greater value conflict, and weaker economic need. Electorally, it deepens detachment between support for redistribution and left-wing self-identification and increases voting for more economically and culturally right-wing parties. These patterns hold independently of class differences and second-dimension attitudes and replicate stably in earlier data. The findings contribute to ongoing debates about attitude structures and voting patterns and illuminate an additional challenge for economically progressive parties.
From plastic to peace: Overcoming public antipathy through environmental cooperation
Authors: Uji Azusa , Lim Sijeong , Song Jaehyun
Published: January 2023

Citizen distrust towards the rival country is a defining feature of protracted international rivalries, undermining meaningful cooperation that can lead to mutual benefits. How might governments establish a public opinion base that is more supportive of cooperation with the rival country? We argue that information about ongoing environmental cooperation with the rival country makes citizens more supportive of non-environmental cooperation by changing their beliefs about the rival’s trustworthiness and facilitating extrinsic reciprocity. We investigate this potential micro-level cooperation spillover in the context of the longstanding rivalry between Japan and South Korea. Our survey-based experiment finds that information about cooperation on marine plastic pollution shapes the public’s willingness to cooperate in terms of the economy and security. Importantly, however, we find asymmetric results in Japan and Korea. While Koreans are more receptive to our positive cooperation treatment, which increases their willingness to cooperate in other domains, Japanese respondents react more strongly to the negative non-cooperation treatment, which reduces their willingness to cooperate in other domains. We offer explanations for these divergent reactions based on prior interactions between the two countries. Our findings have important policy implications for conflict-ridden areas of the world beyond East Asia that increasingly face common environmental challenges.
Watching me … watching you: Training and assessment in a virtual world
Authors: Whitfield Lucy
Published: January 2023

Virtual education isn’t new. Teaching has been delivered remotely for many years, although it came to prominence with the enforced move to online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. Technologies provide tools that are integral to our everyday lives, and training and assessment are no different. Stepping back from the obligatory remote delivery of practical skills training, now we have the opportunity to review and evaluate our own learning (as educators) about the value of resources for training delivery. Combining sound educational principles with the available technologies, we can use remotely delivered learning to enhance our teaching and to increase access to learning, without hindrance because of distance or the type of facility. Remote connections allow expertise and best practice to become suddenly available to a wider cohort of researchers, rapidly spreading new ideas about refinement of in vivo procedures and supporting colleagues to learn and develop. We currently use only a few of the technological tools available, and there is much to learn from other disciplines where virtual and augmented reality are assisting surgeons, aircraft pilots and others daily. By harnessing remote and assisted technologies in teaching, we can also develop the mindset and ability of the biomedical community to use them to augment, or even to replace, animal studies in future and to democratise training globally.
Fiscal Policy and Monetary Integration in the Ecowas
Authors: Onye Kenneth , Umoh Okon J.
Published: January 2023

Those with dissenting view regarding the structure of monetary union arrangement in ECOWAS often argue that the macroeconomic convergence criteria have hampered the ability of countries in the region to stabilize their economies with appropriate counter-cyclical fiscal policy. We test the empirical merit of this assertion and found no support for this view. Instead, discretionary fiscal policy has actually become counter-cyclical in ECOWAS after the introduction of convergence criteria. In specifics, we found a switch from pro-cyclical fiscal policymaking in the pre-convergence era (1995–2002) to a counter-cyclical fiscal policymaking in the convergence era (2003–2018) in ECOWAS, and that policymakers in the region respond to initial conditions - apparently taking clue from past (initial) debt and past deficit. The policy import of our result is the need to: (i) introduce more flexibility in fiscal policymaking through discretionary fiscal policy that balances the budget (against the constraints imposed by the convergence rules) over the business cycle; and (ii) adopt ‘discretionary fiscal deficit’ to monitor compliance (rather than gross deficit) because it represents effort made to correct excess deficit.
A vision-based approach to mapping flexible objects for garment development
Authors: Lei Ge , Li Xiaohui
Published: January 2023

For variable and flexible objects, there is no appropriate intelligent method to quantitatively characterize the three-dimensional (3D) form, especially for garment development. To address the problem, we proposed a novel approach to mapping 3D flexible objects with the coded graphic as a medium. Two-dimensional mapping patterns were used to characterize the 3D form and extract metric information. The proposed graphic code is small in size and it is easy to demonstrate position. With different fabrication techniques, various coding materials are available. With only a monocular image, the method shows high accuracy and low cost without the need for camera calibration in advance. Specifically, the processes of the method, including the algorithm of feature extraction, decoding, mapping position calculation, and pattern generation, are discussed. Two tests were implemented, and the results showed that the method was accurate and simplified the process of made-to-measure garment development. The proposed method has great application potential in the manufacturing of labor-intensive and experience-dependent flexible industries, such as apparel, home decoration, shoes, and other related areas. It also sets the stage for further artificial intelligence research of flexible objects.