bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measuring Effectiveness of Holistic Defense: Social Service Provision and Justice System Outcomes
Authors:   California State University, East Bay, Lepage Cory
Published: March 2023

A holistic public defense model is more comprehensive than a traditional model of public defense representation. Holistic defense seeks to address extralegal needs that are a nexus to the criminal charge rather than focusing solely on addressing the current criminal charge of the individual. This model is a collaborative approach that has traditionally included social workers and civil legal workers in a team approach with a criminal lawyer. Prior research on holistic defense has demonstrated efficacy in addressing individuals’ social and legal needs thus reducing recidivism and justice system costs. In this research, I describe and evaluate a pilot project of a holistic defense model employed in Southwest Alaska and outline similar models in use in other jurisdictions in the United States. This evaluation supports previous research that indicates the importance of addressing defendants’ extralegal needs in reducing recidivism and costs while improving individual case outcomes. I discuss the policy implications of this research and provide recommendations to enhance future evaluations of a holistic defense model.
A A APLICAÇÃO DOS CONCEITOS DA SUSTENTABILIDADE E LOGÍSTICA REVERSA NAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO
Authors: Da Silva Campos Gabrielle , Delgado Natália , De Jesus Lucas Manuel , Carboni Marina
Published: March 2023

A logística reversa e a educação ambiental são temas que podem ser abordados em qualquer tipo de organização e não poderia ser diferente em instituições de ensino. As escolas e faculdades podem desempenhar um papel importante em prol do meio ambiente na medida em que conseguem mobilizar não apenas os alunos, mas também seus familiares e toda a comunidade a desenvolver novos hábitos. Do mesmo modo, tais instituições também contribuem para o cumprimento da legislação ambiental vigente que preconiza a responsabilidade compartilhada entre todos os geradores de resíduos da cadeia produtiva: fabricantes, comerciantes e cidadãos. O objetivo geral deste artigo é contribuir para ajudar a despertar a consciência das organizações e da sociedade em geral para o tema desenvolvimento sustentável e apresentar a logística reversa como ferramenta fundamental para mitigar os impactos negativos causados pelo homem ao meio ambiente. O artigo apresenta um resgate do surgimento e evolução desta ferramenta ambiental e apresenta exemplos de sua aplicabilidade nos diversos setores, bem como descreve algumas das vantagens obtidas pelas organizações quando agregam esta ferramenta ao seu sistema de gestão ambiental. A logística reversa tem a missão de proporcionar um crescimento sustentável, exercendo um papel amplo do que simplesmente auxiliar no cumprimento da legislação ambiental vigente. O presente artigo, que utiliza como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica sustentada por um estudo de caso conduzido numa instituição de ensino, visa possibilitar ao leitor uma reflexão acerca da importância da logística reversa para o desenvolvimento sustentável das organizações e especificamente, em instituições de ensino.

Palavras-chave: Logística reversa. Sustentabilidade. Meio Ambiente. Educação Ambiental.
Magnetic evaluation of accelerated aging degradation on 2.25Cr-1Mo steel with martensitic and bainitic microstructure
Authors:   JSW Steel Ltd., Vijayanagar Works, Bellary, India, Mohapatr J.N , Dabbiru Satish Kumar ,   JSW Steel Ltd., Vijayanagar Works, Bellary, India
Published: March 2023

Accelerated aging-induced microstructure, mechanical properties, and magnetic properties were evaluated on martensitic and bainitic 2.25Cr-1Mo steel to correlate the properties for magnetic non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of aged Cr-Mo steel components. Decline in hardness and coercive force was observed with the increase in aging time for the microstructural modifications as the pinning of dislocations and magnetic domain wall corresponds to the mechanical and magnetic hardening. Although high hardness and coercive force was found for the martensitic steel compared to the bainitic steel due to its metastable microstructure with large amount of compressive residual stress, in longer periods of ageing the hardness and coercive force was found to be lower for the martensitic steel for its faster degradation. Strong correlations were found among the coercive force and microhardness in both the martensitic and bainitic steels, indicating a possibility of precise NDE of ageing degradation in Cr-Mo steel components by magnetic hysteresis loop measurement through a portable magnetic NDE device.
Problems and prospects of undergraduate migrant students from Kerala
Authors:   School of Pedagogical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India, Thamarasseri Ismail , Baby Deepthy ,   School of Pedagogical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
Published: March 2023

Student migration has made a significant impact in the field of higher education in India in general and Kerala in particular. The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the factors that lead students to migrate abroad. The information gathered helped them understand the ways in which a new cultural environment impacts them. The various problems faced by undergraduate migrant students are also considered in the present study. It focuses on the financial, health, cultural, and educational problems faced by undergraduate migrant students. Along with that, the different domains of education, such as objectives, learning experiences and evaluation, are also considered. It also deals with the problems and prospects related to this. The study aims to shed more light on and raise awareness among the university community about their perceptions of these impacts and provide suggestions on the basis of the information gathered. It was this research gap that led the researcher to the research questions, viz., (a) What are the benefits gained by undergraduate migrant students after migration? (b) What are the major problems faced by migrant students? Hence, the present study is entitled “Problems and prospects of undergraduate migrant students from Kerala.
Role of MUDRA Yojana in financing women entrepreneurs in India
Authors:   Department of MBA and Research Center, East West Institute of Technology, RNS Institute of Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU), Belagavi, India, B Pavithra , G. V. M Sharma ,   Department of MBA and Research Center, RNS Institute of Technology, Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU), Belagavi, India
Published: March 2023

After agriculture, microenterprises are a major economic segment that provides large employment opportunities. According to the 2021–2021 annual report for MSMEs [micro, small, and medium enterprises], there were 630.52 lakhs of microenterprises, 1076.19 lakhs of people gained employment opportunities, and 30.27% to India’s GDP came from these microenterprises. Microfinance is the tool to reduce poverty and income inequality and to provide financial services for self-employment opportunities to underprivileged citizens in both rural and urban areas. To promote gender equality and entrepreneurial spirit, it is necessary to finance women’s empowerment. PMMY [Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana] and MUDRA [Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency Ltd.] by the Government of India aims at providing financial support to the NCSBS [Non-Corporate Small Business Sector]. Usually these sectors operate as unregistered enterprises and are not covered under taxation, and they face a lack of financial support from banks and other financial institutions. MSE borrower accounts stood at 5.37 crore rupees, with a financial support of 32.14 crore rupees as of 2021– 2022. MUDRA provides refinance to microenterprises through various financial institutions like private sector banks, public sector banks, co-operatives, and MFIs [Micro Finance Institutions]. This article aims to understand the background of MUDRA Yojana, the activities covered, the schemes under MUDRA Yojana, and the overall performance of MUDRA Yojana in financing women entrepreneurs in India. MUDRA has come up with various digital supports that enable the entrepreneurs to access various financial needs.
Erkenntnispotenziale wissens- und wissenschaftssoziologischer Ansätze für eine Geschichte der Burgenforschung im Nationalsozialismus
Authors: Link Fabian
Published: March 2023

Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden Erkenntnismöglichkeiten von Ansätzen aus der Wissens- und Wissenschaftssoziologie für eine Geschichte der Burgenforschung im NS-Regime ausgelotet. Die Herausforderung an Theorie und Methode besteht darin, dass Burgenforschung nicht auf ein bestimmtes Fach beschränkt war und sowohl von akademisch etablierten Wissenschaft lern als auch von außerakademischen Gelehrten betrieben wurde. Für eine Annäherung an die Geschichte der Burgenforschung im Nationalsozialismus wird die Verwendung von Pierre Bourdieus Feld- und Habitustheorie vorgeschlagen, die mit weiterführenden Ansätzen kombiniert werden kann.
Sonderbestattungen, besondere Beigaben, Anti-Vampirismus-Maßnahmen.
Authors: Biermann Felix
Published: March 2023

Der Aufsatz leitet die Beiträge zur Tagung „Glaube, Aberglaube, Tod. Vom Umgang mit dem Tod von der Frühgeschichte bis zur Neuzeit" ein, indem die Problematik von Sonderbestattungen, besonderen Beigaben und Anti-Vampirismus-Maßnahmen anhand von Beispielen des Mittelalters und der Neuzeit vorwiegend aus Ostdeutschland umrissen wird.
Zum Problem von Lokal- und Universalgeschichte in der völkerkundlichen Methodik
Authors: Sellnow Irmgard
Published: March 2023

nicht vorhanden
Zur Paläodemographie der hochmittelalterlichen Siedlung von Reckahn
Authors: Schott Lothar
Published: March 2023

nicht vorhanden
Hopfenbett und Hexenkraut. Oder: Wie christlich ist Aberglaube?
Authors: Ströbl Andreas , Vick Dana
Published: March 2023

Auch in neuzeitlichen christlichen Gräbern erscheinen immer wieder Beigaben und besondere Ausstattungen des Leichnams sowie des Sarges, was vor allem in den vergangenen Jahren bei interdisziplinären Untersuchungen in Grüften deutlich wurde. Allerdings können diese Phänomene nicht schlichtweg mit der Bezeichnung „Aberglauben" klassifiziert werden, da eine einwandfreie Differenzierung vom Glauben nicht möglich ist. So haben Bettungen auf Hopfenblüten über einen praktischen Nutzen hinaus auch eine symbolische oder magische Bedeutung. Auch Pflanzenbeigaben - oft Kräuter, Moose und immergrüne Gewächse in Form von Kränzen oder Sträußen - wird eine besondere Bedeutung im Bestattungsbrauchtum zugewiesen. Dies gilt auch für Eier, Toilettenartikel und Bänder, die häufig über Innensärge des 18. und 19. Jh. gespannt wurden. Schließlich zeigen sich in der Zier des Sarges selbst Elemente mit eindeutigem Bezug zu Sterben, Tod und Trauer.
Risiko – Eine mögliche Ursache für Veränderungen innerhalb frühmesolithischer Mikrolithinventare
Authors: Blessing Matthias
Published: March 2023

Unter »Mikrolithisierung« wird gemeinhin die fortschreitende Verkleinerung der Silexartefakte im frühen Holozän verstanden. Dieser Prozess wird in der deutschsprachigen Forschung zwar regelmäßig konstatiert, jedoch meist ohne etwaige Ursachen zu erwägen oder zu diskutieren. Im diesem Beitrag werden vier verschiedene Hypothesen vorgestellt, die sich mit Inventarveränderungen unter rezenten Jäger-/Sammlergruppen auseinandersetzen. Ein Vergleich dieser Hypothesen ergab, dass der Faktor ›Risiko‹ wohl den größten Einfluss auf Veränderungen in den untersuchten Inventaren hat. Um die Hypothese auf archäologisches Material anwenden zu können, wurden die Maßeinheiten für Inventardiversität und -komplexität im Sinne der Middle Range Th eory angepasst. Getestet wurde die Risikohypothese an ausgewählten mesolithischen Inventaren aus Nord- und Süddeutschland. Die Analysen des archäologischen Materials stimmten mit den Vorhersagen der Risikohypothese überein, weshalb die Mikrolithisierung als Reaktion auf ein gestiegenes Risiko, im Sinne des Auft retens von Versorgungsengpässen insbesondere während des Frühmesolithikums, interpretiert werden kann.
Über Zeit und Archäologie
Authors: Eggert Manfred K. H.
Published: March 2023

Im Mittelpunkt dieses Beitrages steht das Konzept der Zeit mit besonderer Berücksichtigung seiner Rolle in der Archäologie. Einleitend werden seine vielfältige Präsenz in Wendungen des alltäglichen Lebens und philosophische Überlegungen zum ›Wesen‹ von Zeit kommentiert. Durch die Berücksichtigung von B. Adams Time and Social Theory (1990) und besonders von N. Elias’ Über die Zeit (1988), aber auch durch verschiedene Arbeiten von R. Koselleck wird sodann eine vergleichende sozial- und geschichtswissenschaftliche Perspektive an die Zeitproblematik herangetragen. Daran schließt sich eine Erörterung der Th ematik »Archäologie und Zeit« an, die mit einer Betrachtung jener Zeitkonzepte eingeleitet wird, die von der Post-Prozessualen Archäologie inspiriert sind. Den Abschluss bilden Überlegungen zu den genuinen Möglichkeiten der Archäologie, das zeitliche Potential ihrer Quellen zu nutzen. Wie dieser Beitrag zeigt, ist das Nachdenken über die Zeitproblematik in der deutschsprachigen Archäologie nicht sehr ausgeprägt. Dieser Befund erstaunt nicht, da die Thematik komplex und theoretisch anspruchsvoll ist. Das zeigte sich nicht nur im allgemeinen, sondern auch im letzten, im engeren Sinn archäologischen Teil. In diesem letzten Teil wurde auf die Schwierigkeiten hingewiesen, mit denen die Archäologie in dem Augenblick konfrontiert ist, in dem sie die zeitliche Ordnung ihrer Quellen transzendieren und zu den Zeitkonzepten urgeschichtlicher Bevölkerungen vorstoßen will.
Theoretische Archäologie und Historische Erzählung
Authors: Schweizer Beat
Published: March 2023

Bestimmend für sozialarchäologische Diskurse zur Späten Hallstattzeit im ›Raum nordwestlich der Alpen‹ sind nach wie vor Varianten einer Meistererzählung über eine ›Welt der Keltenfürsten‹, in der Kontakte zur mediterranen Welt als grundlegendes Element eng verknüpfter Prozesse der Ethno-, Sozio- und Poleogenese gelten. Deshalb ist im Rahmen der explizit theoretisch und kulturanthropologisch argumentierenden Kritik an dem dabei vertretenen Geschichtsbild der Aspekt kultureller Interaktion mit mediterranen Gesellschaften mehr oder weniger ausgeblendet worden. Eine knappe Einleitung zu Theorie und Theorien in Hinblick auf Archäologie sowie zu Differenzierungen von Kulturbegriffen soll hier eine Außenperspektive auf die vehement geführte Diskussion um historische Erzählung und theoretische Archäologie ermöglichen. Die in der vertretenen Konzeption zu Recht kritisierte Engführung der Bildung sozialer und ethnischer Einheiten mit einem bestimmten archäologischen Befundbild wird in diesem Beitrag am Beispiel von vier ›grundlegenden‹ Texten der 1980er Jahre aufgezeigt. Denn darauf beruhen Interpretationen, die hier unter dem Schlagwort ›der konstruierte Süden‹ diskutiert werden und die einer sozialarchäologischen Analyse von Kulturkontakten im Weg stehen.
Menschliche „Bauopfer"
Authors: Beilke-Voigt Ines
Published: March 2023

Den Grundstein für ein Haus, eine Brücke oder andere Bauwerke zu legen, war schon immer eine besondere Handlung und wird bis heute als Grundsteinlegung gefeiert. Besonders bei der Grundsteinlegung öffentlicher Bauten werden diese mit der Darbringung von sog. Bauopfern begleitet, die entweder in das Fundament vermauert oder in den Grundstein eingebracht werden. Heute handelt es sich zumeist um Kassetten aus Metall (Zeitkapseln), die mit symbolischen Gegenständen gefüllt sind, wie Münzen, Urkunden oder ähnliche Zeitdokumente. Aus historischen Zeiten sind neben diesen Sachzeugnissen ebenso menschliche Skelette bezeugt, die in der Forschung zumeist eine Deutung als Bauopfer nahe legen. In vielfältigen Sagen und Legenden zu Bauwerken scheint dieser Gedanke weiter zu leben. Ein kritischer Umgang mit den Quellen soll jedoch zeigen, wie differenziert diese Befunde und die Thematik der menschlichen Bauopfer zu betrachten sind.
El reconocimiento del cobro de una indemnización por despido superior a 33 días en cumplimiento del Convenio nº 158 de la OIT y del art 24º de la Carta Social europea: ¿un cambio de paradigma?
Authors: Ballester Pastor Inmaculada
Published: March 2023

El despido acausal de trabajadores con escasa antigüedad da lugar a una indemnización exigua que no disuade a las empresas de despedir ilegalmente. En el caso aquí planteado el Tribunal Superior de Justicia, basándose en el Convenio nº 158 de la OIT y el art. 24 de la Carta Social europea, reconoce el derecho a la percepción de una indemnización que supera los 33 días por año de servicio y que es abonada -adicionalmente y en concepto de lucro cesante- a una trabajadora contratada hace pocos meses y despedida ilegalmente para compensarla por unos daños, extraordinarios y cuantificados, que la empresa genera con su actuación.

Unlawful dismissal of workers with little seniority results in meager compensation that does not deter companies from firing illegally. In the case presented here, the Superior Court of Justice, based on ILO Convention No. 158 and art. 24 of the European Social Charter, recognizes the right to receive compensation that exceeds 33 days per year of service and that is paid -additionally and as loss of earnings- to a worker hired a few months ago and illegally fired to compensate her. for some extraordinary and quantified damages that the company generates with its actions
Mass-velocity Formula and Mass-energy Relation Cannot Be Derived Based on Lorentz Velocity Transformation
Authors: Mei Xiaochun , Yuan Canlun
Published: March 2023

The most important achievement of the Einstein's special relativity was to derive the mass-velocity formula and the famous mass-energy relation from the Lorentz velocity transformation formula. Based on the mass-velocity formula, the dynamics of special relativity was established. In this paper, six derivation methods of the mass-velocity formula in special relativity are re-analyzed, including the elastic collision and the inelastic collision of two particles, the particle splitting processes, and the force moment balance methods based on the Lorentz velocity transformation formula, as well as the method to consider the symmetry principle without using the Lorentz transformation formula. It is pointed out that all of them have serious problems so that they cannot hold actually. Besides, it is pointed out that the method of Hamiltonian action to derive the mass-velocity has nothing to do with the Lorentz velocity transformation and does not belong to the category of special relativity. Therefore, the conclusion of this paper is that it is impossible to derive the mass-velocity formula and the mass-energy relation based on the Lorentz velocity transformation formula. The mass-velocity formula can only be considered as an empirical formula which cannot be derived in theory and have nothing to do with special relativity. If the mass-velocity formula and the mass-energy relationship are correct, it just means that Einstein's special relativity is not true.
Evaluation of Cold Chain Equipment Platform Solar Fridges Project in Upper Nile State Republic of South Sudan
Authors: Okech Paulo , Mitiku Shiferaw , Carasso Kashi , Habagusenga Jean Damour , Mukazayire Marie Jeanne
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: A cold chain is a temperature-controlled supply chain with uninterrupted chain of activities that maintain a given temperature range that keep and maintain the quality of vaccines. Vaccines move through complex procedures and processes that require special attention and care. Effective cold chain systems require efficient end-to-end vaccine storage, handling, and stock management to maintain vaccines under strict temperature control of between 2 °C and 8 °C (for almost all vaccines).

METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study design and mixed (qualitative and quantitative) research approach is employed to conducting the research. Data were collected through face to face in-depth interviews and questionnaires from Vaccinators and key persons from IPs. Prior to data collection, ethical approval was obtained from national Ministry of Health, Directorate of planning and M&E, and the University of Rwanda, Research Committee Board. Accordingly, data were collected after seeking the personal consent sought from the participants.

RESULTS: The key findings from this study showed that the cold chain coverage has been improved compared to the result obtained in EPI coverage survey conducted in 2017. The results revealed that inadequate availability of EPI cold technicians, lack of fridge spare parts, trained staff, and adequate vaccine forecasting was the major challenges at county and the health facility level.

CONCLUSIONS: The main factor that contributed positively in strengthening vaccines supply chain system in the Upper Nile State was the substantive increase in cold chain coverage. However, the role of the CCEOP in improving immunization coverage is still doubted due to lack of regular preventive maintenance, spare parts, and EPI technicians. The major challenges that affect the vaccines relevance, effectiveness, efficiency and sustainability were found to be mainly poor vaccines handling, due to inadequate knowledge on cold chain management.
Sovereignty and Security: Constraints on Foreign Investment Control Arising from International Law
Authors: Geraets Dylan , Gargne Leo
Published: March 2023

Sovereignty and Security: Constraints on Foreign Investment Control Arising from International Law

Does international law impose constraints on States adopting, implementing or maintaining investment screening measures (ISMs)? Is the sovereignty of States in respect of whose investments and what types of investments to ‘permit’ into their territories unfettered? Or does that sovereignty only exist insofar as it is compatible with the (national) security exceptions provided for in many instruments of international economic law, as encompassing both international trade law and international investment law? These are the main questions that this contribution seeks to answer. ISMs have increased both in number and in scope in the past decades and the fact that they are included in the regulatory toolbox of many States raises questions as to the compatibility of these mechanisms, and the manner in which they are applied in specific instances, with norms of international law. The relevant norms are found, for example, in the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) and in international investment (protection) agreements (IIAs). This contribution assesses the international legal norms that ISMs need to be compatible with if they are implemented and applied by host States seeking to exercise control over inward foreign investment on the basis of (national) security considerations. Thereto, after an Introduction (Section 1), the contribution sets out in Section 2, the key considerations in terms of sovereignty and international law, and the relationship between international legal norms and the desire to safeguard the domestic (legal) order from unwanted foreign influence. Thereafter, in Section 3, the contribution discusses the key considerations under the GATS in terms of ISM, and, in particular, the need to grant services and service suppliers of WTO Members treatment no less favourable than that is granted to the like services and like service suppliers from any other country. In addition, Section 3 examines potential considerations in respect of the Market Access and National Treatment obligation of the GATS, as well as the possibilities of relying upon the (security) exceptions in Articles XIV and XIVbis GATS to justify otherwise GATS-inconsistent ISMs. Finally, in Section 4, the contribution considers norms of international investment law that may restrict the ability of host States to implement or apply ISMs.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use and Adherence to Conventional Cancer Treatment in Meru County, Kenya
Authors: Wambui Kiraki Monicah , Mbugua Gabriel , Mburug Robert Kei , Gichunge Catherine
Published: March 2023

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of global mortality with cancer ranking among the top cause of death. Unfortunately, most of these deaths occur in developing countries due to delays in the diagnosis of the disease. Consequently, the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) among cancer patients is on an upward trend hence adherence to conventional cancer treatment (CCT) is a major health concern.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a conventional cancer centre in Meru County. A researcher-administered questionnaire was used to obtain data from 117 consenting patients. Demographic data, clinical data, history of any use of CAM before and after cancer diagnosis and any side effects were obtained from the study participants. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS).Results: There were more female (53.8%) participants, mainly married (59.8%), Christians (97.4%) with primary education and above (69%). Almost half of the participants (47.9%,) were using CAM. Most of the participants (85.7%) started using CAM after a cancer diagnosis. More than half of the respondents using CAM (52%) had disclosed to the HCP mainly to find out about drug-drug interaction risk (41.4%). Only one (1.8%) CAM user had withdrawn the CCT to use CAM due to dissatisfaction with conventional medicine.Conclusion: The use of CAM is complementary and not alternative to CCT and hence may not influence adherence to CCT among cancer patients in Meru County. However, there is a need to provide health education to cancer patients on the use of complementary medicine and analyze the outcomes of patients who use complementary medicine while on CCT
Factor Analysis of Age and Gravidity with Prolonged Parturition in the Obstetrics Room of the District Hospital, Viqueque City, Timor Leste
Authors: Almeida Natalia Soares , Pinto Juliana Gomes
Published: March 2023

Background: Prolonged or obstructed labor accounts for 8% of the causes of maternal mortality globally and is also the cause of fetal death. One of the causes of prolonged labor is maternal age and gravidity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors of age and adolescence with the incidence of prolonged labor in the midwifery room of the Viqueque City Hospital, Tomor Leste.Methods: This study used an analytical research design with a cross-sectional approach. The population was all women who gave birth for a long time in the midwifery room of the Viqueque City Hospital, Timor Leste, which could be 30 people. The sampling technique used accidental sampling. The research instrument used a questionnaire and observation sheet. The data analysis used Chi Square statistical test.Results: The results showed that more than half of the respondents (66.7%) aged 20-35 years were 20 respondents and more than half (53.3%) were multigravidas as many as 16 respondents, more than half (60%) did not occur during prolonged labor, namely as many as 18 respondents. Based on the results of statistical tests using Chi Square calculations, it is not known that no one knows it is 0.002 <0.05 so it can be shown that there is a relationship between the incidence of prolonged labor.Conclusion: Women with higher parity are at higher risk of prolonged labor because the uterus has weakened the uterine wall muscles due to a previous pregnancy. The solution that needs to be done regarding the results of the research above is to enable health education about the causes and risk factors for the old party to the mother by health workers and early detection of risk factors for prolonged labor must be improved.
GIFTED AND TYPICALLY DEVELOPING STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK
Authors: ŞAHİN Ayşe , SÜMER Müzeyyen , TARSUSLU Bedia , TUNCAY Suat
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this research is to examine the perceptions of gifted and typically developing students regarding the COVID-19 epidemic through metaphors. In the study, in which phenomenology, one of the qualitative research methods, was used, the data were obtained by demographic information form and semi-structured interview form. A total of 130 students, 69 of whom are typically developing and 61 gifted, who are 5-8th grade students between the ages of 10-14, were studied in the city center of Amasya. The students' “COVID-19 epidemic is like …….. Because ………………..” when their answers to open-ended sentence completion are examined; the first three metaphors most frequently used by gifted students regarding COVID-19 are in the category of limiting and/or changing habits (f=18), fatal (f=15), and contagious and/or chronic (f=11). When we look at the metaphors of the students with typical development regarding COVID-19, the first three categories are limiting and/or changing habits (f=17), fatal (f=13), and preventable and/or temporary (f=12) categories. As a result of the research, it was found that both groups used metaphors that they were generally negatively affected by the epidemic process, and discussions and suggestions were made through literature studies.
Mineral Concentration and ash content of bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris Schrader ex Wendland var. vulgaris) culm growth stages in three ecological zones in Ghana
Authors: Kofi Bih Francis , Antwi Kwaku , Appiah-Yeboah Joseph
Published: March 2023

This work examines how ash and the mineral elements in four bamboo culm growth stages (shoot, juvenile, mature and dead) can affect fuel conversion technology plants through slagging, fouling, and corrosion. 48 samples consisting of the shoot; juvenile; mature and dead culms were tested for ash content and ash mineral elements. The mean values of ash contents of the bamboo culm growth stages across the three ecological zones were from 0.93% to 2.11%. The contents were within the threshold approved in the EN standards EN 14775 ≥3%. The mean values of carbon across the culm growth stages ranged from 48.46% to 53.31%. Hydrogen among the bamboo culms ranged from 5.60 to 7.04%. Higher carbon and hydrogen contents lead to higher heating values. Nitrogen among the culm growth stages ranged from 0.31 to 0.79%. The concentration levels of N in the culms were within the threshold prescribed in the EN standards EN 15104 ≥ 1%. The mean Cu concentration of mature culms ranged from 0.89-1.31 ppm; Zn ranged from 2.74-3.25 ppm; As varies from 0.055 to 0.078 ppm; Ni ranges from 0.43-0.85 ppm and Cd in the mature bamboo culm ranged from 0.81 to 3.66 ppm. Amount the minor ash elementals calcium in the mature culm ranged from 16.70 to 26.49 ppm; potassium (K) from 0.42-2.45 ppm and Mg from Ca and Mg contents increases the melting point of ash K content lowers the melting point of ash which can cause slagging. The concentrations of minor and heavy metals were below the standard set by EN 1496 1-2 and therefore may not cause problems to human health or slagging to combustion plants for the production of biofuels.
Environmental Risk Analysis of Leachable Substances from Vitreous Residue of Solid Wastes Treated by High Temperature Melting
Authors: Wang Xiuteng , Liu Guoliang , Lin Ling , Gao Dongfeng , Liu Jing , Fang Fei , Huo Xiaodong
Published: March 2023

High temperature melting is a harmless treatment technology for solid wastes, which is applicable to hazardous wastes containing heavy metals and other harmful substances, obtaining amorphous glassy substances. Vitreous residue usually has high stability and low leaching toxicity. This paper simulates the leaching test of vitreous residue under natural conditions in ordinary rain and acid rain, systematically detects the concentration of leachable substances of typical residue, and analyses its environmental risks according to groundwater quality standards, indicating that harmful substances such as heavy metals may bring potential environmental risks when the vitreous residue enters the environment.
On-site Insulation Tests for MV cable using Very Low Frequency and Damped AC Techniques
Authors: Hou Zhe , Shang Yu , Xu Yang , Du Maochun , Ju Zeli , Teng Sen , Yunxia Haoyue , He Weisheng
Published: March 2023

MV cables are vital components in urban power networks. Several insulation test techniques are proposed for guaranteeing the operation of MV cables. In this paper, two kinds of off-line testing techniques are introduced, namely Tanδ measurement using VLF and PD detection using DAC. Firstly, the operation principle of each technique is introduced. Then, a simulation model was built in Simulink platform to demonstrate the operation processes of detecting the defects in the cable. At last, an on-site case using both VLF and DAC techniques is introduced for presenting the functions of different techniques.
Design of easy disassembly abutment system based on elastic connection
Authors: Gu Zhaodan
Published: March 2023

The abutment system is a necessity for oral implant repair, traditional abutment systems are mostly of an integrated structure, after oral implant repair, it is difficult to disassemble whether there is implant failure or infection, or daily cleaning and maintenance. Based on the analysis of the problems in the clinical use of the traditional abutment system, this paper proposes a design method of easy disassembly abutment system based on elastic connection. This method changes the traditional abutment integrated mechanism into a two-part structure, and designs an elastic connection device to fix the two-part structure together, which can facilitate the connection and separation. Through performance test and clinical verification, it is proved that the system can meet the clinical requirements in terms of performance and function, and the effect of patients using the system after implant repair is good. In addition, compared with the traditional abutment system, this system has the advantages of convenient installation and disassembly, small occlusal hole of the dental crown, and more beautiful after repair, so, it has good application value.
Self-organizing Coalition Formation based on Non-cooperative Games in Social Networks
Authors: Jin Ruixian , Su Jun
Published: March 2023

In multi-agent systems, the individual agent must form coalitions to accomplish complex tasks. However, the centralized management model is not flexible in a dynamic environment. To overcome the restriction caused by central control, the paper presents a self-organizing dynamic coalition mechanism based on game theory. Firstly, we adopt a distributed network to communicate among agents, allowing agents to solve the real-time task assignment problem autonomously. Next, a non-cooperative game negotiation model is introduced to find the optimal strategy for each agent. Finally, the effectiveness of our mechanism is validated by comparing it with the traditional command model in three distributed networks. Experimental results indicate the proposed mechanism is capable to improve the system utility.
Cause Analysis of Extreme High Temperature Weather in Nanjing in 2022 and Its Impact on Crab Breeding in the Gucheng Lake Waters
Authors: Zhao Xicheng
Published: March 2023

In 2022, extreme high temperature weather occurred in Nanjing, which had a great adverse impact on aquaculture such as crabs in the waters of Gucheng Lake in Nanjing. This study analyzes the temperature situation in Nanjing in August 2022 through field survey and literature research, and compares it with the weather in the same period in history. Through the analysis of the background of global warming and the study of the atmospheric circulation during the abnormal high temperature weather, the causes of the abnormal high temperature weather in Nanjing are revealed; Study the adverse effects of high temperature weather on water temperature and oxygen content, aquatic organisms, and aquaculture, especially crab aquaculture in Gucheng Lake, and put forward corresponding countermeasures.
Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Sea-land Temperature Changes——Based on Mathematical Model Prediction
Authors: Zhou Zixin , Tian Peiru , Zhang Yaofu , Shi Dongsheng
Published: March 2023

With a large amount of carbon dioxide emissions from factories, there will be global warming, and the rising sea level and melting glaciers at the poles will pose a threat to the environment on which human beings depend. We build a function to fit the past development pattern and future development trend of CO2/land-ocean temperature based on the given data of CO2 concentration/land-ocean temperature from 1959 to 2021s. We will also study the correlation between temperature and carbon dioxide, Also, based on the error distribution, we discussed the reliability of the prediction method based on CO2 concentration and gave a method to judge the reliability of the prediction results.
VALUE CLARIFICATION PROVIDED BY CHILDREN AT EARLY SCHOOL AGE IN LIGHT OF THE SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY
Authors: Buk-Cegiełka Marta
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the presented study is to show the clarification of values provided by the early school children in light of the social learning theory. The elements of the value clarification process as well as the opportunities provided by the application of the social learning theory of A. Bandura, who emphasizes the context of the value clarification provided by the school children of the elementary school younger grades, have been presented. In this regard, learning under the influence of consequences of own reactions and learning by modeling are worth mentioning. In the context of conducted analyses, the function of ethos and agos in the system of value clarification provided by the early school children has been highlighted.
ECONOMIC INEQUALITIES IN PROFESSIONAL SOCIAL ROLES OF MEN AND WOMEN IN POLAND
Authors: Niewiadomska-Cudak Małgorzata
Published: March 2023

The article concerns the payment disparities of men and women in the d City Hall. The purpose of the paper is to explain the phenomenon concerning the difference in average wages of men and women employed on the basis of employment contracts according to the positions held in the City Hall of d, as of March 3, 2021. An attempt to establish the reasons of pay differentials was made. The presented assessment of processes and their influence on this gender pay gap, especially among employees holding managerial positions, indicates the reason of pay inequalities.
INFORMATION COMPETENCES OF SCHOOL CHILDREN AND PARENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Forma Paulina , Hajdukiewicz Anna
Published: March 2023

The paper is of the theoretical and empirical nature. It illustrates the issue of information competences of school children during the Covid-19 pandemic. The objective of this paper is to make an attempt in describing the issue and in indicating the pedagogical practice directive for parents, teachers, tutors and specialists who work with children and the youth. The purpose of the pilot study titled: Information competences of school children from grades IV-VIII and their parents, carried out in May 2020, was the verification of the research procedure correctness in terms of the respondents selection (parents and children); the verification of the scope of accepted variable indicators (specified information competences; child/children school grade; as well as respondents (parents) details like: age, gender, employment, education). The pilot study implementation allowed improving the assumptions regarding the main study. In particular, the changes concerned the need to show the clear difference between information competences and IT competences. That is why the Big6 model was applied in the main study. The pilot study also: justified the extension of the research survey in order to focus on issues related to the importance of information competences in the lifelong learning process; justified the need to determine the respondents knowledge on preferred sensory learning methods; as well as justified the significance of the pre/postfigurative culture.
Peste-des-petits-ruminants in goats: Sero-epidemiological study in middle Indo-Gangetic plains
Authors: KUMAR PANKAJ , SINHA BIDYA SHANKAR , ROY RAMA KRISHNA , KUMARI RASHMI REKHA , KUMAR ABHAY
Published: March 2023

Bihar state is situated in the middle of Indo-Gangetic plains of India and located between 24°-27° N latitude and 82°-88° E longitude with a total geographical area of 94.2 thousand sq. km. It possesses 7.63% of India's total goat population which is the fifth largest among states of India. PPR has become endemic and reported from most states of India by various researchers. A systematic three years study on sero-epidemiology of PPR in goats was carried out in nine districts covering all the four agro-climatic zones of Bihar. Random samples (769) were collected from unvaccinated goats of all gender, breeds with more than 3 months of age. Samples were tested using Mab c-ELISA following standard protocol provided. The overall circulating PPR virus (PPRV) antibody was 34.50% (apparent prevalence) and 39.04% (corrected prevalence). The PPRV antibody in goats of Zone 2 was significantly higher compared to Zone 1. Amongst different breeds, the circulating PPRV antibody was significantly higher in Sirohi breed compared to Black Bengal and nonsignificantly higher to other breeds of the goat. Binary logistic regression of PPR with gender indicated a significantly higher probability of PPRV antibody in female goats compared to male goats. The odds ratio was high with respect to the occurrence of PPR and physiological state (age) and the difference was significantly higher in adult goats compared to kids. The present finding is helpful in planning effective disease management program for PPR in Indo-Gangetic plains.
Crop load, fruit russeting, vegetative growth traits and leaf nutrient effects as a function of customized foliar nutritive fluids in Gale Gala apple (Malus × domestica) in dry temperate environment
Authors: KUMAR PRAMOD , CHANDEL RAJESHWAR S , KUMAR ANIL , SHARMA NAVEEN C
Published: March 2023

The study exploited the clonal rootstocks for bio-efficacy testing of water soluble customized nutrient (WSCN), viz. K2O:S:Mg:Ca:Zn:B (6:11:5:0.3:0.3:0.4, w/w) on agronomic performance, fruit yield and quality characteristics on Gale Gala apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) grafted onto EMLA.111 and EMLA.7 clonal rootstocks in dry temperate climatic conditions of north-west Himalaya. The trial procedure included tree fertilization of four levels of NPK soil fertilizers (100, 80, 60 and 40% of recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF-NPK, 70:35:70, one-year-old tree basis) were supplemented along with WSCN foliar formulation. Application of 60% RDF+75g WSCN+25g urea at 15 DAPF followed by 75g WSCN at 30 and 45 DAPF improved growth traits, fruit coloration, fruit yield and quality attributes. All applied concentrations of WSCN reduced russeting in Gale Gala apple significantly. The effects of the integrated fertilizers schedules with WSCN on russet control were also evaluated. EMLA.111 was the most suitable clonal rootstock, where, the rate of russeting on fruits was less compared to EMLA.7 irrespective of the WSCN treatments tested. The phenological observations in relation to the initiation of the flowering lasting for 19 days were also recorded. The pest management programme was adopted to manage the apple pest complex. Between the different schedules with foliar WSCN, the differences were also recorded in amount of russeting on EMLA.111/ EMLA.7 rootstocks compared to control. The schedules with foliar WSCN on a wet canopy noticed less russetted fruits. The study also identified the relationship between yield and productivity traits using path coefficient analysis to know the direct and indirect effects of independent variables on managerial ability of the crop. Principle component analysis (PCA) of fruit quality traits was also worked out for differences among WSCN formulations tested which accounted 100% of the cumulative variance.
Research on the Advisory Jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice
Authors: Li Qi
Published: March 2023

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) is a sovereign intergovernmental judicial body of the United Nations for the settlement of international disputes, and the jurisdiction of the ICJ, as one of the main means for the ICJ to exercise criminal jurisdiction, includes both contentious and advisory jurisdiction. Among them, the advisory jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice is far less effective and influential than the contentious jurisdiction, but as a supplement to the contentious jurisdiction, it still has an important influence on the settlement of international disputes in the international field. In order to solve disputes in the international community and give full play to the role of international law, we need to continuously explore the realistic path to improve the advisory jurisdiction system of the ICJ. With our country, we can also promote the guarantee and realization of the advisory jurisdiction of the ICJ and promote the peaceful settlement of international disputes by increasing the degree of participation in the exercise of jurisdiction of the ICJ and playing the responsibility of superpowers.
Socialization of Sharia Economics and Banking in the City and District of Bogor
Authors: Misno
Published: March 2023

The Islamic economy and banking that have developed in Indonesia have not been well socialized. This is evidenced by various studies that show the low level of economic literacy and Islamic banking in Indonesia. This fact also occurs in the City and Regency of Bogor, where the results of the study show that Islamic economic and banking literacy is still low in these two areas. Referring to this fact, there is a need for socialization in the community as a form of increasing literacy in the field of economics and sharia banking. This community service program aims to socialize and provide explanations to the public about sharia economics and banking in the City and Regency of Bogor. The activity was carried out using the lecture, explanation and discussion method which was carried out six times in the City and Regency of Bogor with the main focus being on explaining the economy and Islamic banking. The results of this service show an increase in the level of participants' understanding of the economy and Islamic banking, especially those who take this activity seriously
Eight Significant Shortcomings of the Standard Model of Cosmology
Authors: Siegel Ethan R.
Published: March 2023

Based on the theory of General Relativity, the Lambda Cold Dark Matter model, or ΛCDM, describes how the universe evolved. A new study by Fulvio Melia now points to its fundamental inconsistencies and to its conflicts with observations as well as with foundational principles of quantum mechanics, general relativity and particle physics. Given these eight issues’ individual argumentative weight, and even more so when considered in their entirety, the study’s author calls for a complete revision of ΛCDM cosmology. Ethan R. Siegel presents the study and adds thoughts on how the community is presently addressing these issues.
The Impact of the 2018 Kerala Floods on Butterfly Diversity and Abundance in the Kollam District of India
Authors: Sudhakaran Bindu Vijayakumari , Shifana B.
Published: March 2023

Kerala experienced flooding in August 2018 as actual rainfall there exceeded expected rainfall. The current study was carried out in Kerala, India's Kollam district, between September 2018 and August 2019. The survey was carried out at four sites, namely hilly areas, wetlands, plains and homestead vegetation. In the current study, 72 butterfly species from five families were identified. The family Nymphalidae is the dominant butterfly family with 38 species, followed by Lycaenidae with 12 species, Papilionidae with 10 species, Pieridae with eight species and Hespiridae with four species. Of these, six butterfly species were very common, 23 species were common and 21 species were occasional, 19 species were rare and three species were very rare. Various diversity indices such as the Berger-Parker index, Margalef index, Simpson index -λ, Simpson index -D, Simpson index -Dr, Shannon index and Pielou index are calculated. Environmental impoverishment will greatly affect the survival of these beautiful creatures as they are very sensitive to changes in the environment.