bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Writing Explanation Text Enrichment Book Containing 21st Century Competence for Senior High School Students
Authors: Badriyah Nurul , Zulaeha Ida , Wagiran Wagiran
Published: February 2021

The formation of student personalities that can be developed with writing explanatory texts enrichment book containing 21st century competencies includes aspects of knowledge, skills, and personality that are integrated with 21st century competencies that students must master. This study aims to analyze the need for enrichment book development in writing explanatory text with 21st century competencies and the characteristics of enrichment book development for writing explanatory text with 21st century competence. The research method uses the Research and Development and uses six steps out of ten steps in the R&D method. The results obtained from this study were an analysis of the needs of students and teachers which were grouped based on question aspects, namely (1) material and content needs, (2) 21st century competency content needs, (3) presentation needs, (4) language needs. and (5) legibility and graphics needs. This needs analysis is to determine the tendency of the needs of students and teachers to the form of the enrichment book being developed. Then, the characteristics of the enrichment book are writing explanatory texts containing 21st century competencies according to the perceptions of students and teachers in accordance with the principles of content feasibility, presentation feasibility, linguistic feasibility, and graphic feasibility. In addition, teachers and students are very in accordance with the form of the book that is being made easy to carry. Therefore, the development of an enrichment book to write explanatory texts containing 21st century competencies is in accordance with the wishes of teachers and students in using a learning resource.
The Self-Actualization of the Main Character in the Novel Anak Rantau by Ahmad Fuadi
Authors: Pahlewi Indra Putra , Nuryatin Agus , Luriawati Deby
Published: February 2021

The novel Anak Rantau by Ahmad Fuadi was chosen as the object of research because of the many aspects of self-actualization that are raised in the story, especially regarding the main character's struggles in facing the realities of life and its twists.. The purpose of this research was to describe and explain the process and characteristics of the main character's self-actualization in the novel Anak Rantau by Ahmad Fuadi. This study used a literary psychology approach. The psychological theory used was Abraham Maslow's self-actualization. Hepi started the process of self-actualization since he was abandoned in Tanjung Duren village by his father. Hepi fulfilled 14 traits of self-actualization. The nature of self-actualization that he has was 1) efficient observation of reality; 2) self-acceptance and others as they are; 3) spontaneity, simplicity, and reasonableness; 4) focus on the problem; 5) the need for privacy; 6) function autonomously; 7) appreciation that is always fresh; 8) social awareness/interest; 9) interpersonal relationships; 10) democratic; 11) differences between means and objectives; 12) creativity; 13) independence, and 14) peak experience.
For a decolonial social epistemology
Authors: RIGHETTO Guilherme Goulart , KARPINSKI Cezar
Published: February 2021

Abstract The visualization of Information Science as a postmodern science must aim at overcoming borderline dominant models, surpassing simplistic methodological impasses, and covering complex phenomena. In this regard, the article is inserted in the epistemological discussions, selecting social epistemology and decolonial thought as its themes. Its purpose is to identify the possible convergences between decolonial thought and social epistemology and, based on that, to propose, in an essay-like way, a decolonial social epistemology. In the methodological aspect, this is an exploratory, qualitative, and bibliographic research. The technical procedure for the analysis of the bibliography took place using a non-probabilistic approach, by judgment. The main result of this article is the construction of a historical and epistemological panorama that makes possible the approximation of thematics that, although produced in different contexts and interests, converge in a common objective: that of constituting a social, democratic epistemic field and that does not disregard the different subjects of knowledge. Thus, the reflections that combine the proposal of social epistemology with the decolonial thought or movement may bring theoretical panoramas and perspectives closer to the professional practice and research aimed at the 21st century informational context.
Hydration and improved properties of magnesium oxysulfate cement modified by phosphoric acid
Authors: Wang Nan , Yu Hongfa , Bi Wanli , Gong Wei , Zhang Na , Ma Haiyan , Wu Chengyou
Published: February 2021

Magnesium oxysulfate (MOS) cement is often seen as a ‘green engineering material in the twenty-first century’. However, low mechanical strength is one of the major drawbacks for large-scale applications of MOS cement. In this paper, MOS cement with desirable strength was prepared by adding phosphoric acid. The effects of phosphoric acid on the hydration process, hydration products and microstructure of MOS cement were studied in detail using isothermal calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the incorporation of phosphoric acid could retard the hydration process and increase the setting time of MOS cement. Furthermore, the incorporation of phosphoric acid was shown to increase the compressive strength through its effect in promoting the formation of 5Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·7H2O. The space-filling properties and directional growth characteristics of 5Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·7H2O contributed to a more compact and uniform microstructure of the MOS cement formed.
Protocol for Safe, Affordable, and Reproducible Isolation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from Wastewater v1
Authors: Trujillo Monica , Cheung Kristen , Gao Tianhui , Hoxie Irene , Kannoly Sherin , Myat San Kaung , S. Smyth Davida , Dennehy John
Published: February 2021

The following protocol describes our workflow for processing wastewater with the goal of detecting the genetic signal of SARS-CoV-2. The steps include pasteurization, virus concentration, RNA extraction, and quantification by RT-qPCR. We include auxiliary steps that provide new users with tools and strategies that will help troubleshoot key steps in the process. This protocol is one of the safest, cheapest, and most reproducible approaches for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater. Furthermore, the RNA obtained using this protocol can be sequenced both using a targeted approach sequencing specific regions or the whole genome. The protocol was adopted by the NYC Department of Environmental Protection in August 2020 to support their efforts in monitoring SARS-CoV-2 prevalence in wastewater in all five boroughs of the city. Owing to the pasteurization step, it is safe for use in a BSL1+facility. This step does not reduce the genetic signal of the virus while making the protocol safe for the personnel involved. This protocol could be used to isolate a variety of other clinically relevant viruses from wastewater and serve as a foundation of a wastewater surveillance strategy for monitoring community spread of known and emerging viral pathogens.
Systematisch richtig statt zufällig falsch
Authors: Schmitt-Pauksztat Gregor , Hablawetz Dirk , Knödler Marco , Matalla Norbert
Published: February 2021

Im neuen Blatt 4 der VDI/VDE 2180 wird beschrieben, welche Besonderheiten bei mechanischen Komponenten als Teil von PLTSicherheitseinrichtungen zu beachten sind. Insbesondere wird auf die möglichen auftretenden zufälligen Fehler und deren Berücksichtigung in der PFD-Berechnung sowie deren Bedeutung im Vergleich zu  systematischen Fehlern eingegangen. Dieser Artikel fasst die Inhalte des neuen Blatts 4 kurz zusammen und zeigt seinen Nutzen in der praktischen Anwendung.
Dynamics of survival of patients with prostate cancer at the population level, taking into account the stage of the disease and place of residence
Authors: Andreeva R. D. , Nizamova R. S. , Andreev A. A.
Published: February 2021

Background.Prostate cancer (PCa) is rapidly gaining a leading position in the incidence of malignant tumors among men. With a general decrease in mortality from all oncological diseases, mortality from PCa in the Russian Federation is increasing: in 2005 there were 8192 deaths, in 2015 - 11987.

Objective of the study. Calculation and assessment of survival rates for patients with PCa in the Samara region for the period from 2010 to 2016, taking into account the stage of the disease, the place of residence of patients, a comparative analysis of the observed, adjusted and relative 5-year survival for this disease in a number of regions of Russia and in the world.

Materials and methods. The object of the study was all registered patients for the period 2010-2016, with the first established PCa.

The calculation and analysis of the observed (OS), adjusted (AS) and relative (OS) survival of 7670 patients with PCa taking into account the stage of the disease and place of residence (urban residents — 6408people, rural — 1262), registered in the database of the population cancer registry of Samara Region Clinical Oncology Clinic. The start date of the study is January 1, 2010, the end date is December 31, 2019. The calculation of survival was carried out by the dynamic (actuarial) method.

Results. When assessing the survival of patients with PCa, lower rates of observed survival were observed than adjusted, which indicates the presence of intercurrent causes of death.

During the study period, an inverse dependence of survival on the prevalence of the tumor process was revealed. The level of observed survival and adjusted survival of all patients is associated in the survival range at stages II—III: 1-year-old observed survival — 89.1 % (adjusted survival — 92.3 %), 5-year-old observed survival — 62.6 % (adjusted survival — 76.6 %).

The adjusted and relative survival rate for the urban population is higher than for the rural population, which may indicate an insufficient level of access to cancer care for patients with PCa in rural areas: the indicators of 1-year adjusted survival of urban residents are higher — 3.3 % (relative survival — 2.4 %), 5-year-old adjusted survival—7.4 % (relative survival — 10.3 %) than in patients registered in rural hospitals.

Conclusion. A comparative analysis of indicators of 1- and 5-year survival of patients with PCa in the Samara region and a number of regions of the Russian Federation for 2006—2010 revealed that domestic indicators of 1-year and 5-year relative survival are slightly lower than the European average for 2000—2007. The range of indicators of the 5-year relative survivalfor 2010—2013 in the Samara region amounted to 82.2—93.1 %.
Review of the article “Resection of a kidney tumor with superselective targeted balloon-occluded chemoembolization”
Authors: Popov A. M.
Published: February 2021

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SOUTENIR ET FAVORISER LA DIVERSITÉ CHEZ LES APPRENANTS: LES ENJEUX DE L’ÉVALUATION DES APPRENTISSAGES EN CONTEXTE D’INCLUSION
Authors: Araújo-Oliveira Anderson , Costa Carla Barroso da
Published: February 2021

L’article porte un regard critique et rétrospectif sur les recherches présentées dans le cadre de ce numéro spécial de la revue internationale Educativa en vue de répondre de façon globale aux grandes questions soulevées en introduction et, de ce fait, recontextualiser la question de l’évaluation des apprentissages et la nécessité d’innover pour mieux soutenir la diversité chez tous les apprenants comme le suggère le titre du présent numéro. Une analyse transversale de ces recherches ayant à l’esprit les orientations fournies aux auteurs permet, d’une part, de mettre en évidence les principaux résultats et conclusions avancés par les études et, d’autre part, un certain nombre de défis qui émergent des recherches analysées qui suscitent de nombreuses pistes de réflexion pour la mise en œuvre de recherches futures.
AS PRÁTICAS SOCIOCULTURAIS E O ENSINO QUE DESENVOLVE NA ESCOLA DESENVOLVENTE
Authors: Freitas Raquel Aparecida Marra da Madeira
Published: February 2021

A questão da cultura e da diversidade cultural é fundamental no processo de construção de uma escola democrática. A partir da problematização das diferentes posições acerca do papel da cultura na educação escolar, discute-se sobre o paradigma histórico-cultural enfocando as relações entre práticas socioculturais, ensino-aprendizagem e desenvolvimento dos alunos. São abordadas as contribuições de Vygotsky, Davydov e Hedegaard sobre a constituição subjetiva humana mediada pela cultura historicamente elaborada (patrimônio cultural da humanidade) e pelas práticas socioculturais construídas em distintas instituições e contextos dos quais os alunos participam. Destaca-se, na teoria de ensino de Davydov, os tipos de conhecimento e de pensamento que podem ser promovidos pela aprendizagem. Em seguida, apresenta-se o conceito de conhecimento radical local, de Hedegaard, como elemento necessário ao ensino-aprendizagem. Considerando-se que a atual orientação política das finalidades da educação escolar restringe de forma drástica o desenvolvimento dos alunos a tipos humanos adaptáveis ao trabalho no capitalismo sob os princípios neoliberais, defende-se, opostamente, que a educação escolar tenha como finalidade primordial o desenvolvimento amplo dos alunos, por meio da apropriação dos conhecimentos historicamente mais desenvolvidos, necessariamente articulados com as práticas socioculturais em que os alunos participam em diferentes instituições do contexto social geral e local. Conclui-se argumentando que o paradigma histórico-cultural representa uma contribuição para a educação escolar que, considerando as práticas socioculturais, favorece a apropriação cultural ampla para o desenvolvimento humano dos alunos, sustentando um projeto de educação escolar democrática.
RELIGIÃO, IDENTIDADE E SAÚDE INTEGRATIVA: AS REPRESENTAÇÕES DA MASCULINIDADE
Authors: Marinho Thais Alves , Ecco Clovis
Published: February 2021

Esse artigo busca, por meio de uma análise das representações sociais e práticas discursivas sobre a masculinidade num grupo de homens da periferia de Goiânia, problematizar a relação entre a construção identitária e a saúde integrativa. Metodologicamente, propomos um diálogo transdisciplinar com os estudos culturais e estudos de gênero, com a psicanálise, com a sociologia, com a antropologia, com a fenomenologia das religiões, a fim de captar como a construção identitária da masculinidade, erigida dos regimes de verdades e de representações, dialoga com os valores religiosos orientando respostas à revelação e criando paradoxos subjetivos que podem se manifestar em termos de sofrimento psíquico e/ou contradição nos sujeitos masculinos, que confirma a crise da masculinidade atual.
A dinâmica territorial das grandes obras de infraestrutura desenvolvidas no Amapá no âmbito do Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento
Authors: Margarit Alfena do Carmo Eduardo , Pinto Miranda Cleuton , Cunha Monteiro Antunes Barreira Celene
Published: February 2021

O Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento (Pac) foi implantado em 2007 com o objetivo de agregar todas as obras do Governo Federal em uma única plataforma. No Amapá, o Pac implantou novas usinas hidrelétricas, pavimentou rodovias, modernizou e ampliou o porto e o aeroporto, entre outras obras de infraestrutura capazes de gerar a fluidez necessária ao desenvolvimento do capitalismo e, consequentemente, promover o crescimento da economia. Portanto, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar como o Pac se estrutura enquanto instrumento de ordenamento territorial do Amapá. Para tanto, foi realizado o levantamento bibliográfico e documental capaz de fornecer subsídios à compreensão das políticas territoriais fundantes do processo de ordenamento territorial do Amapá. Como resultado, constatou-se que o Pac representa a consolidação do planejamento regional estratégico da Amazônia, fundado em eixos de integração e desenvolvimento, em que as rodovias se apresentam como eixos fundantes da lógica de circulação e incorporação de terras ao desenvolvimento capitalista. Conclui-se que as redes técnicas são os elementos geradores desta nova lógica de ordenamento territorial, capaz de gerar a fluidez necessário ao desenvolvimento capitalista.
Mentalidade social e resistência: análise social e política do grupo Eldorado dos Carajás – MS
Authors: Piva Silvana , Deffacci Fabrício Antônio
Published: February 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender os principais aspectos da mentalidade social e política do Núcleo de Resistência Eldorado dos Carajás, tendo em vista que a principal marca de organização do Grupo é o sentimento de pertença a partir da luta encampada pela conquista e uso da terra. O grupo em questão pertence ao maior assentamento em extensão territorial da América Latina – Assentamento Itamarati –, o qual tem 50 mil hectares de terra, estando localizado no Município de Ponta Porã/MS. O grupo enfocado apresenta como peculiaridade a organização coletiva por parte de seus membros, tendo em vista ir além dos princípios capitalistas no campo da produção e da organização socioeconômica. Para desdobrar tal objetivo, do ponto de vista metodológico, a pesquisa combinou dois momentos, isto é, a interação entre teoria e empiria. Neste processo ininterrupto entre a crença no coletivo e o perigo iminente do individualismo podemos considerar que emerge no N17 uma forma híbrida de organização social entre ideologia e utopia marcada pelas fissuras no sistema.
A contribuição do futebol feminino na favela do Mandela ante da falta de políticas públicas
Authors: Teixeira Silva Rubens
Published: February 2021

O objetivo do presente trabalho é demonstrar a colaboração do futebol como instrumento de política pública e as contribuições para as pessoas envolvidas e para a comunidade local. A região é cercada de um complexo de favelas, com 44051 moradores residentes, no total de 15 favelas. O projeto tem atuado na região desde 2003, contribuindo com o empoderamento de jovens mulheres, com a diminuição da taxa de maternidade precoce, com a ocupação de crianças, adolescentes e jovens, não os deixando a disposição do tráfico de drogas. Este estudo reuniu informações tratadas através do método qualitativo, utilizou-se de uma pesquisa de campo tratada através da utilização de entrevistas e visitas ao projeto. Os resultados obtidos revelaram a promoção de capacidades de jovens relacionados à interação com a sociedade, racismo, preconceito, sexualidade, drogas e qualidade de vida através da prática de esportes.
Interculturalidade na educação escolar indígena na perspectiva decolonial – o caso da CEI Raimundo Lopes na Terra Indígena Guajajara em Grajaú-MA
Authors: Duarte Samuel Correa , Guajajara Taywan Morais Clemente
Published: February 2021

No presente estudo destacamos a etnia Guajajara/Tenetehar residente nos limites da cidade de Grajaú-MA, com pesquisa de campo na aldeia “Bacurizinho”. De acordo com informações da SESAI, a referida comunidade é constituída por aproximadamente 800 habitantes distribuídos numa área de 82.423 ha, que foi reconhecida como terra indígena por meio do Decreto 88.610 de 11 de agosto de 1983. A pesquisa foi realizada exclusivamente com professores que atuam no CEI Raimundo Lopes. As questões que nortearam a pesquisa versaram sobre três eixos: 1. Os processos pedagógicos no contexto escolar local dialogam com a realidade cultural circundante? 2. Como os profissionais de educação atuantes na comunidade lidam com o duplo desafio de preservar e valorizar a cultura local e ao mesmo tempo instruir na cultura abrangente da sociedade brasileira? 3. Como a conjugação de saberes, tradição e organização política pode ser eficaz na luta local contra a lógica neoliberal? Espera-se que com essas questões, em diálogo com as teorias decoloniais de Mignolo (2008; 2017), Quijano (1992; 2005), Rivera-Cusicanqui (2010), Escobar (2003; 2005) et alli permita (re)pensar os processos de (re)produção da vida material e cultural em contexto de sociedade tradicional indígena.
Possíveis diálogos da Antropologia com os teóricos da decolonialidade: pensando modernidade e raça
Authors: Guimarães Jacqueline Tatiane da Silva
Published: February 2021

O presente texto trata sobre Modernidade, porém problematizando as concepções que a apontam enquanto paradigma construído único e exclusivamente no seio da sociedade europeia, bem como também problematizamos os referenciais e matrizes advindos deste mesmo espaço/lugar, que influenciaram e continuam a influenciar identidades e subjetividades não só do homem europeu, mas também dos indivíduos dos países que foram e subjulgados. Pensamentos que foram férteis nas diferentes ciências modernas, especialmente na Antropologia, tornando as teorias antropológicas campo de disputas que giravam em torno das noções sobre raças e o evolucionismo histórico, nos quais apresentavam o homem europeu como superior e civilizado.
Escolarização em Sapiranga/RS nas primeiras décadas do século XX: a presença dos grupos escolares
Authors: Souza José Edimar de , Costa Valesca Brasil
Published: February 2021

O objetivo do estudo procurou construir a partir de fotografias e documentos, aspectos sobre os primeiros tempos de implantação do Grupo Escolar de Sapiranga, posteriormente identificado como “Coronel Genuíno Sampaio”. Os procedimentos teóricos e metodológicos estão fundamentados na perspectiva da história cultural e da análise documental. O estudo vale-se da consulta a arquivos e acervos públicos. Importa para a pesquisa analisar o processo de institucionalização dos Grupos Escolares no Rio Grande do Sul, considerando que esta forma de organização escolar, prioritariamente, fora instituída no espaço urbano a partir de 1930. Considera-se até o momento que a escolarização pública desenvolvida no Estado nas primeiras décadas do século XX contou com a presença desse tipo de instituição escolar em algumas localidades, como é o caso de Sapiranga.
Donacja hrabiów Tollów w przestrzeni wiejskiej Królestwa Polskiego
Authors: Kita Jarosław
Published: February 2021

Po klęsce powstania listopadowego w przestrzeni wiejskiej Królestwa Polskiego pojawiły się donacje należące do rosyjskich wysokiej rangi oficerów i carskiej elity urzędniczej. Car Mikołaj I nadał im te dobra przede wszystkim za zasługi oddane podczas tłumienia polskiego powstania i wierną służbę. Jedną z największych donacji otrzymał generał piechoty Karol Wilhelm hrabia Toll, pochodzący z tzw. Bałtów (szlachty bałtyckiej). Był on jednym z najbardziej znaczących dowódców carskich w wojnie polsko-rosyjskiej w 1831 r. Otrzymał on w 1836 r. część dóbr skarbowych Uniejów o powierzchni ponad 5500 mórg. Donacja ta znajdowała się w posiadaniu rodziny von Tollów przez 80 lat. Po klęsce powstania styczniowego otrzymali oni jeszcze niewielką donację Grzybki. Ponadto byli właścicielami majątku ziemskiego Stemplew. Kolejne trzy pokolenia tej rodziny coraz bardziej wiązały się z regionem, a po utworzeniu niepodległej Rzeczypospolitej potomkowie pierwszego donatariusza pozostali w naszym kraju. Jednak nie byli już właścicielami donacji, którą przejęło państwo polskie w 1919 r. W pierwszej części niniejszego artykułu dokonano syntetycznej charakterystyki dóbr ziemskich będących w rękach hrabiów Tollów. Natomiast w drugiej części podjęto próbę odtworzenia genealogii uniejowskiej linii tego rodu oraz przybliżono nieraz skomplikowane losy potomków pierwszego donatariusza.
Czasowy zakres stosowania przepisów klauzuli ogólnej przeciwko unikaniu opodatkowania na gruncie podatków dochodowych
Authors: Nykiel Włodzimierz , Wilk Michał
Published: February 2021

Celem artykułu jest ustalenie czasowego zakresu stosowania przepisów klauzuli ogólnej przeciwko unikaniu opodatkowania w odniesieniu do podatków dochodowych. Najważniejsze dla tego zagadnienia jest ustalenie, kiedy w podatkach dochodowych powstaje korzyść podatkowa. W ocenie autorów korzyść podatkowa w podatkach dochodowych może powstać już w trakcie roku podatkowego.

W związku z tym w świetle przepisów intertemporalnych ustawy wprowadzającej do systemu prawnego klauzulę ogólną przeciwko unikaniu opodatkowania, jeśli podatnik dokonał czynności, których skutkiem jest zaliczenie określonych kosztów do kosztów uzyskania przychodów bądź też niepowstanie (zaniżenie) przychodów, a moment potrącenia przez podatnika kosztów czy też dzień, w którym powstałby przychód podatkowy, przypadają na okres przed wejściem w życie klauzuli, regulacje te nie mają zastosowania do tego rodzaju stanów faktycznych.
Tecnologías digitales para la innovación en educación: una revisión teórica de procesos de aprendizaje mediados por dispositivos móviles
Authors: Rodríguez-Cardoso Óscar Iván , Ballesteros-Ballesteros Vladimir Alfonso , Lozano-Forero Sébastien
Published: February 2021

Los dispositivos móviles ocupan un lugar preponderante en la vida cotidiana de las personas y las posibilidades de aprender con la mediación de estos dispositivos han adquirido mayor relevancia en los últimos años y han generado una contribución significativa a la educación entre los sujetos que aprenden en educación superior alrededor del mundo. El objetivo de este artículo de revisión consiste en presentar los resultados de investigación más relevantes que se han forjado frente a las concepciones de aprendizaje móvil, experiencias de vinculación en diferentes lugares del mundo, los desafíos más notables y el horizonte que debe conducir los nuevos esfuerzos investigativos al respecto. Los resultados revelan que las intenciones de los sujetos que aprenden, y de aquellos que enseñan, están influenciadas por varios factores que incluyen la ventaja relativa, la complejidad, la influencia social, el disfrute percibido y la autogestión del aprendizaje. Al proporcionar una imagen de la disposición de los estudiantes para adoptar el aprendizaje móvil, este estudio ofrece implicaciones útiles y provechosas para los desarrolladores de aplicaciones y contenidos que pueden orientar el diseño e implementación de sistemas integrales de aprendizaje.
Simulasi Penjalaran Gelombang Tsunami Menggunakan Metode Optimal Time Stepping
Authors: Khoirun Nisa  , Lukita Ambarwati  , Tri Murdiyanto
Published: February 2021

Berada di kawasan Ring of Fire atau Cincin Api Pasifik menjadikan Indonesia wilayah yang rawan letusan gunung berapi, gempa dan tsunami. Tsunami adalah ombak yang terjadi setelah suatu gempa, gunung meletus atau hantaman meteor di laut. Banyak sekali kerugian yang didapat manusia ketika terjadinya tsunami sehingga banyak peneliti yang memodelkan penjalaran gelombang tsunami. Penjalaran gelombang tsunami dapat dikaji dengan berbagai teori, salah satunya menggunakan teori perairan air dangkal. Akan tetapi, model tersebut tidak bisa diselesaikan secara analitik. Untuk itu diperlukan pendekatan secara numerik sehingga didapat penyelesaian yang mendekati solusi sejatinya. Metode Optimal Time Stepping merupakan salah satu metode untuk mendapatkan solusi numerik dari persamaan diferensial parsial. Metode ini juga membutuhkan waktu yang lebih sedikit dan lebih akurat jika dibandingkan dengan metode lain. Penelitian ini akan mensimulasikan penjalaran gelombang tsunami dengan menggunakan metode Optimal Time Stepping.
Effect of different diets on the hepatopancreatic proteomes of Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis
Authors: Chen Xiaowen , Hou Xin , Li Zhihua , Lu Deyin , Wang Jun , Wang Chenghui
Published: February 2021

Background: Aquatic plants and freshwater snails are important natural food sources of Eriocheir sinensis, which play important roles in the growth and development of E. sinensis. However, research on how aquatic plants and freshwater snails affect the growth and development of E. sinensis remains scant.Methods: The effects of the two kinds of natural food sources on the growth and development of E. sinensis were studied by determining the hepatopancreatic proteomes of three groups, namely, E. sinensis fed with aquatic plants combined with freshwater snails (group A), E. sinensis fed with aquatic plants only (group B), and E. sinensis fed with freshwater snails only (group C), using tandem mass tag technology.Results: A total of 110 differentially expressed proteins between groups A and B were identified, among which 78 were up-regulated and 32 were down-regulated in group A. Meanwhile, nine proteins were up-regulated, and 14 proteins were down-regulated in group A relative to those in group C. The proteins related to molting and growth such as cryptocyanin and cuticle protein CBM were up-regulated in group A compared with group B. The immunity-related proteins, such as mannosyl-oligosaccharide glucosidase and glutathione peroxidase, that were differentially expressed between groups A and C, were up-regulated in group A.Conclusion: The results indicated that freshwater snails might promote the growth and development of E. sinensis to a certain extent, and aquatic plants might play an important role in the immunity of E. sinensis. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the practice of “providing aquatic plants and freshwater snails” in the ecological culture of E. sinensis.
Valuing the impact of Self-rated Health and Social Support on life satisfaction among Hong Kong Chinese population
Authors: Chan Chee Hon
Published: February 2021

Background

Research has highlighted that satisfaction in health and social support are key areas of life affecting individual’s wellbeing. Many social and public health initiatives use these two intervention mechanisms to improve individual’s wellbeing. For the purpose of cost-benefit assessment, there has been growing interest in expressing these intervention effects in economic terms. However, only a handful of studies have ever estimated these effects in economic terms, and none of which examined in a Chinese context. The aim of this study is to extend this line of valuation work to estimate the implicit willingness-to-pays on the effects of improving individuals’ self-rated health status (SRH) and social support (SS) on their life satisfaction in the Chinese population.
Methods

Using individual’s life satisfaction data from a two-wave representative panel survey in Hong Kong (n = 1,109), this study first conducted a cross-lagged analysis with structural equation modelling technique to examine the causal effects of SRH and SS on life satisfaction, while simultaneously adjusting their reverse causal influences. The use of this cross-lagged approach was the effort to minimising the endogeneity problem. Then, substituting the respective estimates to the formulae of compensating surplus, the marginal rate of substitution of SRH and SS with respect to individual’s equivalised monthly household were estimated and were then expressed as the willingness-to-pays on the effect of improving individuals’ SRH and SS on their life satisfaction.
Results

The cross-lagged analysis ascertained the casual effects of SRH (β = 0.078, 95%CI: 0.020, 0.151) and SS on individuals’ satisfaction with life. The sample’s marginal rate of substitution of SRH and SS were found to be 1.28 (95%CI: 0.43, 2.15) and 1.36 (95%CI: 0.23, 2.49) respectively. Translating into the concept of compensating surplus, the implicit monetary values of improving the sample’s SRH from “poor health” to “excellent health” and their SS from “little support” to “a lot of support” are equivalent to an increase in their equivalised monthly household income by HK$56,000 and HK$39,400 respectively.
Conclusions

This study has implications for the cost-benefit assessment in wellbeing initiatives for the Chinese population.
Influence of Preoperative Anti-TNF-Alpha Antibody Therapy on Postoperative Recurrence of Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Takeda Takashi , Mizushima Tsunekazu , Yoshihara Terukazu , Ogino Takayuki , Fujino Shiki , Hata Tsuyoshi , Miyoshi Norikatsu , Takahashi Hidekazu , Uemura Mamoru , Yamamoto Hirofumi , Doki Yuichiro , Eguchi Hidetoshi
Published: February 2021

Background: Anti-TNFα antibody is effective for controlling inflammation caused by Crohn's disease. However, an increasing number of patients have recently undergone surgery after loss of response during maintenance therapy with anti-TNFα antibody. Aims: The purpose of this study was to examine how preoperative treatment using anti-TNFα antibody affects postoperative recurrence. Methods: Between January 2002 and June 2020, we retrospectively analyzed 90 patients with Crohn's disease who underwent bowel resection with anastomosis and received endoscopic evaluation within 18 months after surgery.Results: Fifty-seven patients had used anti-TNF antibodies preoperatively, and 33 had not. Of the 57 patients, 31 underwent surgery after loss of response. At the time of the first postoperative endoscopy, endoscopic recurrence occurred in 20 patients (35.1%) who used anti-TNFα antibody and 5 patients (15.2%) who did not use anti-TNFα antibody (p = 0.0419). The median symptomatic recurrence-free duration was 8 months in patients with loss of response and 44 months in patients without a loss of response (p = 0.0108). Conclusions: Patients who received anti-TNFα antibody preoperatively were prone to endoscopic recurrence. In addition, patients who experienced inefficacy before their surgeries were more likely to have recurrence, even after resuming post-operative anti-TNFα antibody treatment.
Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in the PERSIAN Cohort Study: JNC7 Versus ACC/AHA Guidelines Short Title: The Impacts of Hypertension Definition in Iran
Authors: Sepanlou Sadaf G. , Najafi Farid , Poustchi Hossein , Parsaeian Mahboubeh , Ahmadi Ali , Somi Mohammadhossein , Moradpour Farhad , Alizadeh-Navaei Reza , Gohari Ali , Zamani Bijan , Esmaeilinadimi Ali , Rezaianzadeh Abbas , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz , Bahramali Ehsan , Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza , Hamzeh Behrooz , Yousefabadi Elham Zangeneh , Sakhvidi Mohammad Javad Zare , Mohebbi Iraj , Fattahi Mohammad Reza , Nejatizadeh Azim , Marioryad Hossein , Motamed-Gorji Nazgol , Roozafzai Farzin , Eghtesad Sareh , Mohammadi Zahra , Shayanrad Amaneh , Sharafkhah Maryam , Etemadi Arash , Kamangar Farin , Juraschek Stephen P , Malekzadeh Reza
Published: February 2021

In this cross-sectional population-based study, we used the baseline data of the Prospective Epidemiologic Research Studies in IrAN (PERSIAN) cohort study collected in Iran from 2014 to 2020. The main outcomes were the prevalence of hypertension and proportion of awareness, treatment, and control based on the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline compared to the seventh report of the Joint National Committee (JNC7). Of the total of 163770 participants, aged 35 to 70 years, 55.2% were female. The sex-age standardized prevalence of hypertension was 22.3% (95% CI: 20.6-24.1) based on the JNC7 guideline and 36.5% (31.1-41.8) based on the ACC/AHA guideline. A total of 24312 participants [14.1% [10.1, 18.1)] were newly diagnosed based on the ACC/AHA guideline. Compared to adults diagnosed with hypertension based on the JNC7 guideline, the newly diagnosed participants were mainly young literate males who had low levels of risk factors and were free from conventional comorbidities of hypertension. About 30.7% (25.9, 35.4) of them (4.3% of the entire population) were eligible for pharmacologic intervention based on the ACC/AHA guideline. Implementation of the new guideline may impose additional burden on health systems. However, early detection and management of elevated blood pressure may reduce the ultimate burden of hypertension in Iran.
Landscape Of M6a RNA Methylation Regulators and Tumor Microenvironment Cell-Infiltration Characterization In Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Liu Duanrui , Zhu Jingyu , Wang Zongming , Fang Yusong , Yuan Mingjie , Ma Xiaoli , Jia Yanfei , Wang Yunshan
Published: February 2021

Background: RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays a nonnegligible role in shaping individual tumor microenvironment (TME) characterizations. However, the landscape and relationship of m6A modification and TME cell infiltration remain unknown in gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas (GEA). Methods: We systematically examined the TME of GEA focusing on the distinct m6A modification patterns from the public databases. Intrinsic patterns of m6A modification were evaluated for associations with clinicopathological characteristics, underlying biological pathways, tumor immune cell infiltration, oncological outcomes and treatment responses. We generated a single-cell transcriptome atlas of the GEA sample inhouse to validate the role of the m6A modification pattern on TME.Results: We identified and validated the landscape of m6A regulators and tumor-infiltrating immune cells in GEA. Then, two distinct m6A modification patterns of GEA (cluster1/2 subgroup) were defined, and we correlated two subgroups with TME cell-infiltrating characteristics. Cluster2 subgroup correlates with a poorer prognosis, down-regulated PD-1 expression, higher risk scores and distinct immune cell infiltration. Additionally, PPI and WGCNA network analysis were integrated to identify key module genes closely related to immune infiltration of GEA to find immunotherapy markers. And COL4A1 and COL5A2 in brown module were significantly correlated to the prognosis, PD-1/L1 and CTLA-4 expression of GEA patients. Interesting, low COL5A2 expression was linked to an enhanced response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Finally, a prognostic risk score was constructed using three m6A regulator-associated signatures that represented an independent prognosis factor for GEA. The single-cell transcriptome atlas of GEA sample validated the role of m6A modification pattern on TME and revealed that three m6A regulators are highly expressed in CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, Tregs and Macrophages.Conclusions: Our work revealed m6A RNA methylation regulators are a type of vital participant in the malignant progression and TME diversity of GEA. m6A modification patterns of COL5A2 may be the potential biomarker contributes to predicting the response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.
Clinical Features of Hepatitis C Virus-Related Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure in a Korean Population
Authors: Choi Jung Woo , Cho Jin-Kyu , Lee Sang Soo , Kim Jae Heon , Jeon Hankyu , Kim Hee Jin , Cha Ra Ri , Lee Jae Min , Kim Hyun Jin
Published: February 2021

Background

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a widely recognized concept in which acute decompensation (AD) in patients with cirrhosis results in organ failures and high short-term mortality. However, few studies reflecting the various etiologies of cirrhosis are available. We aimed to investigate the clinical features of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related ACLF.
Methods

Between January 2005 and December 2018, 109 HCV-related cirrhosis patients who were hospitalized for AD (ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and/or bacterial infection) were enrolled for ACLF defined by European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL).
Results

ACLF developed in 35 patients (32.1%) on admission. Eight patients had ACLF grade 1, eight had ACLF grade 2, and 19 had ACLF grade 3. The 28-day and 90-day mortality rates were very low (2.7% and 5.4%, respectively) in patients without ACLF and very high (60.0% and 74.3%, respectively) in those with ACLF. In patients with HCV-related ACLF, the prevalence of liver failure was very low (17.1%), whereas that of kidney failure was very high (71.4%) compared to previous studies on hepatitis B virus-related ACLF and alcohol-related ACLF. Compared with all other prognostic scores, Chronic liver failure Consortium Organ Failure score most accurately predicted 90-day mortality, with an area under the receiver operator characteristic of 0.921.
Conclusions

HCV-related ACLF has unique clinical characteristics that are distinct from hepatitis B virus-related and alcohol-related ACLF. ACLF defined by EASL can be useful in predicting short-term mortality in HCV-related cirrhosis.
Diagnostic Value of HSP90α and Related Markers in Lung Cancer
Authors: yuan zhimin , wang longhao , hong songlin , li lin , tang ting , shi changbei , yuan bin
Published: February 2021

PurposeTo investigate the expression of heat shock protein 90α (HSP90α) in patients with lung cancer and the clinical value of HSP90α and other related markers in the diagnosis of lung cancer.MethodsThe plasma levels of HSP90α and related markers (CEA, NSE, CF211 and ProGRP) were detected in the blood of 560 patients with lung cancer by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Groups were divided according to the gender (male/female), age (age≤40, 41<age≤50, 51<age≤60, 6170), types of lung cancer (small-cell, squamous carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, hybrid and other type), staging (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ) and metastasis (metastasis and non-metastasis) separately. Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare statistical differences between two groups/among the multiple groups for each factor of HSP90α.ResultsNo statistical difference was found in plasma level of HSP90α among different age and gender groups (P> 0.05). In the group divided by lung cancer type, staging and metastasis status, there were statistical differences among different groups in HSP90α level (P< 0.05). R values of HSP90α correlated with other related markers in the diagnosis of lung cancer (P< 0.05). Although HSP90α and other related markers didn’t fit the satisfactory conformance, in terms of the positive rate of diagnosis, it was statistically differences in the diagnostic positive rate between HSP90α and each marker (P< 0.01). Reduced cut-off value of HSP90α in lung cancer can effectively improve the positive rate of diagnosis when combined with other tumor biomarkers.ConclusionsHSP90α has significant clinical value on early screening and diagnosis of lung cancer. The combined application of HSP90α and related markers can improve the positive rate of early diagnosis of lung cancer effectively.
Exploring The Use of Health and Wellbeing Measures During Pregnancy and The First Year Following Birth in Women Living With Pre-Existing Long-Term Conditions: Qualitative Interviews With Women and Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Kelly Laura , Kurinczuk Jennifer J , Rivero-Arias Oliver , Fitzpatrick Ray , Gibbons Elizabeth , Alderdice Fiona
Published: February 2021

BackgroundOne way in which care for pregnant and postpartum women living with long-term health conditions (LTCs) may be improved is through the adoption of standardised measures to provide evidence of health outcomes and wellbeing from the woman’s perspective. AimWe aimed to explore the views of pregnant and postpartum women living with LTCs, and healthcare professionals to better understand the potential value of using standardised health and wellbeing measures within this patient population.MethodsQualitative semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted to explore the perceived value of using measures with pregnant and postpartum women living with LTCs within maternity services. Participants were asked to provide feedback on three exemplar measures: the Long Term Conditions Questionnaire, the Well-being in Pregnancy Questionnaire and the EuroQol EQ-5D-5L instrument. Thematic analysis was used in the analysis of the transcripts. ResultsEleven women and 11 healthcare professionals took part in semi-structured interviews. Analysis identified five themes as relevant to the use of measures within maternity services: 1) Improving care, 2) Assessing outcomes, 3) Interpretation and application of data, 4) Engagement challenges and implementation and, 5) Women and healthcare professionals alignment.ConclusionsDespite varying prior experience and expressing some questions about implementation, respondents were cautiously positive about the use of standardised health and well-being measures. Their use offers the opportunity for both affected women and healthcare professionals caring for them to collectively identify and assess important areas of unmet needs and improve outcomes. Incorporating the perspectives of women with LTC’s will help to bring awareness to elements of women centred care which health services may seek to address.
New Compositions of Metal-Working Coolants on Basis of Mono- and Diglycerides of Wastes
Authors: Avdeenko Anatoly P. , Fedorynov Mykhailo V. , Dasic Predrag V. , Turmanidze Raul , Burmistrov Konstantin S. , Toropin Nikolay V. , Konovalova Svetlana A.
Published: February 2021

The efficiency of cold steel rolling depends mainly on the quality of the metal-working coolant (MWC) and its cost. In this connection, it is actual to search for new compositions of lubricants and emulsions, which provide the lowest values of the friction coefficients in deformation zone and are obtained by waste recycling in other industries. In this study we have developed new compositions of the MWC on basis of mono- and diglycerides and their esters of boric acid synthesized from the wastes of sunflower oil production. The new compositions of MWC were tested in DSEA on laboratory rolling mill 100x100 with a roll diameter of 100 mm. The efficiency of new MWC during cold rolling of brass L63 samples was determined by factor of metal stretch forming λ. We found the new metal-working coolants to show the most efficiency under higher cobbing that provides the highest metal stretch forming. The composition with 30 % of mono- and diglycerides is the most effective because it provides the minimum coefficient of friction that leads to increase of factor of metal stretch forming. Thereby the metal-working coolants on basis of mono- and diglycerides obtained from the wastes of sunflower oil production can be recommended for use in strip rolling of copper-zinc alloys because of a low cost, availability and high efficiency.
Protein Engineering for Enhanced Enantioselectivity of Carboxylesterase Est924 Toward Ethyl 2-Arylpropionates
Authors: Liu Xiaolong , Zhao Meng , Fan Xinjiong , Fu Yao
Published: February 2021

BackgroundNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the world's most used drugs with anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. 2-arylpropionate drugs are a very important class of chiral drugs in NSAIDs. In the pharmaceutical industry, there is an increasing demand for esterase-mediated chiral resolution of racemic 2-arylpropionate esters due to the high activity and low side effects of the (S)-enantiomers. Esterases are important biocatalysts for chemical synthesis owing to their enantioselectivity, regioselectivity, broad substrate specificity and no need for cofactors. Several bHSL family esterases have been used to resolve racemic 2-arylpropionates. However, each reported enzyme was able to synthesize only one NSAIDs drug, which does not meet the industry requirement for catalysts and limits their application.ResultsThrough careful analysis of the structural information and molecular docking, we present the discovery of key residues that controlled the enantioselectivity of bHSL carboxylesterases to ethyl 2-arylpropionates. Est924 was identified as a bHSL family esterase and a promising catalyst for kinetic resolution of racemic ethyl 2-arylpropionates with sight (R)-stereopreference. Using Est924 as the starting enzyme, protein engineering at these key residues was conducted, and the substitution of A203 was shown to affect the enantioselectivity. The stereopreference of the mutant M1(A203W) was inverted to ethyl 2-(S)-arylpropionates, and this stereopreference was further improved in variant M3(I202F/A203W/G208F). In addition, the optimal variant, M3, was also suitable for the resolution of ibuprofen ethyl ester and ketoprofen ethyl ester, and their efficient (S)-isomers were synthesized.ConclusionsOur results suggested that Est924 variants could kinetically resolve economically important racemates for industrial production and further offer the opportunity for the rational design of enzyme enantioselectivity.