bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detection of Solar Filaments Using Suncharts from Kodaikanal Solar Observatory Archive Employing a Clustering Approach
Authors: Priyadarshi Aditya , Hegde Manjunath , Jha Bibhuti Kumar , Chatterjee Subhamoy , Mandal Sudip , Chowdhury Mayukh , Banerjee Dipankar
Published: February 2023

With over 100 yr of solar observations, the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KoSO) is a one-of-a-kind solar data repository in the world. Among its many data catalogs, the “suncharts” at KoSO are of particular interest. These suncharts (1904–2020) are colored drawings of different solar features, such as sunspots, plages, filaments, and prominences, made on papers with a Stonyhurst latitude–longitude grid etched on them. In this paper, we analyze this unique data by first digitizing each sunchart using an industry-standard scanner and saving those digital images in a high-resolution “.tif” format. We then examine cycle 19 and cycle 20 data (two of the strongest cycles of the last century) with the aim of detecting filaments. To this end, we employed the “K-means clustering” method, and obtained different filament parameters such as position, tilt angle, length, and area. Our results show that filament length (and area) increases with latitude and the poleward migration is clearly dominated by a particular tilt sign. Lastly, we cross verified our findings with results from KoSO digitized photographic plate database for the overlapping time period and obtained a good agreement between them. This work, acting as a proof-of-the-concept, will kickstart new efforts to effectively use the entire hand-drawn series of multifeature, full-disk solar data and enable researchers to extract new sciences, such as the generation of pseudomagnetograms for the last 100 yr.
Literature-based occurrences data of marine species in Venezuela
Authors: Peralta Brichtova Ana Carolina , Scott-Frías Joxmer , Carmona-Suarez Carlos , Rodriguez Carmen , Perez-Benítez Jeannette , Lopez-Ordaz Adriana , Marquez-Rojas Brightdoom , Lira Carlos , Gómez Acevedo Santiago , Carballo Barrera Yusneyi , Rodríguez Bladimir , Cavada-Blanco Francoise , Delgado José , Klein Eduardo
Published: February 2023

Venezuela has suffered a severe academic and research management crisis and funding opportunities for marine research and data management have been practically absent. This has worsened over the past five years and, as a result, libraries and other institutional spaces have been repeatedly vandalised, with hundreds of records, specimens and historical data stolen, destroyed or burned. To avoid the loss of irreplaceable data on Venezuelan biodiversity, an initiative was promoted, aimed at digitising information to create a rich dataset of biodiversity records, with emphasis on marine protected areas for the country, as well as to fill gaps in the distribution and status of marine biodiversity in Venezuela. Nighteen (19) institutions in the country focusing on marine science have consistently produced a wealth of information about Venezuela’s marine biodiversity in the form of specimen collections, unpublished sampled data and research theses through the work of hundreds of researchers and students. An inventory of available data sources at these national institutions was conducted under the National Biodiversity Data Mobilization Grant and the Biodiversity Information for Development Program, together with the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) support. All recovered and processed datasets were published in the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS) and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) repositories.

This occurrences data collection represents a major contribution to the marine biodiversity inventory in Venezuela. It is based on numerous published papers, reports, books and checklists provided by experts, covering a broad taxonomic collection from which we obtained species occurrences (present and absent), organised into 59 datasets containing 40,881 records. This represents a 28.49% contribution to the records of the Venezuelan marine biodiversity reported to the OBIS (143,513 records in the OBIS until November 2022). The extracted data showed 3,041 marine species, with representatives of each of the six kingdoms: Animalia, Chromista, Bacteria, Plantae, Fungi and Protozoa. The datasets provide information on occurrence since 1822, extending the temporal coverage of the species occurrence inventory for Venezuela, which was established in 1879 before this project. The number of records for Venezuela increased by 41.3% compared with the data available before the project. Most of the occurrences (63.47%) were registered in Marine Protected Areas. Data collection included records of non-native species, descriptions of new species and species listed under different IUCN categories.
Le couple Curie et les prix Nobel
Authors: Blanc Karin
Published: February 2023

La proposition française au prix Nobel de physique 1903 (finalement effectivement obtenu par H. Becquerel, ainsi que P. et M. Curie). Elle n’a été rendue publique qu’en 2003. Elle ne mentionne Marie Curie que par intermittences. Les pérégrinations de cette nomination de la première femme prix Nobel. Les pérégrinations de sa nomination pour son second prix Nobel (chimie, 1911), et ses échanges avec certains scientifiques à propos de « l’affaire Langevin ».
Pourquoi la Lune nous abandonne-t-elle ?
Authors: Persson Anders
Published: February 2023

L’effet de marée est proportionnel à la masse de l’astre attracteur, Lune ou Soleil, bien sûr ; mais il est en 1/R3 de la distance R à l’astre, et pas en 1/R² (en fait c’est la dérivée/gradient de la force gravitationnelle qui intervient) : c’est ainsi que la Lune « l’emporte », son effet de marée sur Terre est deux fois supérieur à celui du Soleil.Et là… un enchaînement inextricable (et pas toujours facilement explicable) de phénomènes se produit : 1. le bien connu « bourrelet » de marée océanique (ils sont en fait 2 sur la surface océanique, l’un face à la Lune, l’autre diamétralement opposé) frotte sur la croûte terrestre océanique ; 2. Ce frottement ralentit la rotation axiale terrestre ; 3. le bourrelet se décale aussi de l’axe Terre-Lune – ce qui provoque un couple de torsion qui a tendance à accélérer la rotation orbitale lunaire (de 6 secondes par… siècle) et à éloigner la Lune (qu’on peut aussi expliquer par la conservation du moment cinétique global Terre-Lune : la Terre ralentit, donc la Lune accélère). Et voilà pourquoi, Madame, la Lune s’éloignant de la Terre, il n’y aura plus d’éclipses totales de Soleil mais uniquement des éclipses annulaires… dans 500 millions d’années.Anders Persson nous brosse, à partir d’un article à l’Académie des sciences du polytechnicien Delaunay, en 1865, une histoire de ces variations du mouvement séculaire de la Lune. Laplace, trop sûr de lui, n’avait pas vu l’effet de marée mais tenait pour un ralentissement séculaire de 10 secondes par siècle. Delaunay montre, bien après, que la cause du ralentissement de la rotation terrestre était celle du frottement des marées : et il le démontre par l’analyse. Mais dans le même temps, Mayer en Allemagne, Tyndall en Grande-Bretagne y réfléchissaient, ainsi que le météorologiste Ferrel, aux (pas encore) États-Unis, en 1864 (une année avant Delaunay !).Quant à Anders Persson, il se pose une question quasi métaphysique : Comment la Lune « sait-elle » que la Terre ralentit et comment « sait-elle » qu’elle doit accélérer « afin de » conserver le moment cinétique total ? Réponse en lisant l’article.
Rœmer et la vitesse de la lumière
Authors: Beaubois Francis
Published: February 2023

Rœmer donne la première preuve du caractère fini de la vitesse de la lumière, par une série d'observations des éclipses de Io, satellite de Jupiter. C'est en effet par le cumul d'observations successives d'émersions (entrée en éclipse) ou d'immersions (sorties d'éclipses) qu'il met en évidence un temps mesurable : c'est le décalage du temps mis par la lumière de Io (en sortie d'éclipse par exemple) pour rejoindre la Terre qui entre-temps, dans son propre mouvement autour du Soleil, s'est éloignée de Jupiter. En revanche, contrairement à des idées reçues, Rœmer ne procède pas au calcul de la vitesse de la lumière. L'analyse de F. Beaubois se propose d'expliquer les éléments qu'avait Rœmer à sa disposition, et le calcul de la vitesse de la lumière donné par Huygens en 1678 ; elle explique aussi la différence de réception du résultat de Rœmer en France et en Angleterre.
Le coronographe de Bernard Lyot au Pic du Midi
Authors: Davoust Emmanuel
Published: February 2023

Le coronographe de Bernard Lyot (1897-1952) est un outillage télescopique de grande innovation : il permet à partir de 1931 d’observer la couronne solaire en dehors des éclipses, période à laquelle cette observation était cantonnée jusqu’alors. Pour ce faire, Lyot parvient à atténuer fortement la diffusion atmosphérique, en s’installant à l’Observatoire du Pic du Midi de Bigorre (Hautes-Pyrénées). Il parvient aussi à atténuer fortement la diffusion instrumentale, par un dispositif particulièrement ingénieux. Les raies de la couronne, qu’il avait pu observer, seront interprétées plus tard comme dues à des niveaux de très haute énergie de l’élément Fer.
Sagnac et l’expérience à contresens
Authors: Spagnou Pierre
Published: February 2023

Dans les deux notes qu’il publie en 1913, le physicien français Georges Sagnac interprète le résultat positif obtenu par son expérience avec interféromètre tournant comme preuve de l’existence de l’éther et confirmation de la théorie ondulatoire de Fresnel. Il était loin de se douter qu’il venait de débusquer un phénomène purement relativiste (i.e. qui ne peut s’expliquer en physique classique, comme « l’effet Einstein » sur le décalage des fréquences, troisième test de la relativité générale) : ce phénomène est aujourd’hui parfaitement compris dans le cadre de la relativité restreinte, même s’il continue à faire l’objet d’innombrables erreurs de raisonnement.
Niels Bohr, le père de l’atome
Authors: Pavel Ilarion
Published: February 2023

1913 est l’annus mirabilis de Niels Bohr. Il écrit sa « trilogie », fondatrice de son modèle d’atome, toujours en vigueur de nos jours. C’est le premier de ces trois articles qui est commenté ici. 1/ Il y applique la théorie quantique, en inférant que le rayonnement d’un électron tournant autour du noyau est émis par quanta d’énergie égaux à un multiple de hν (où h est la constante de Planck et ν est la fréquence du rayonnement). Ses résultats étaient conformes aux ‘séries de Balmer‘ du spectre d’émission de l’hydrogène. L’année suivante (1914), l’expérience de Franck et Hertz (collisions d’électrons et d’atomes de mercure) prouvera de manière irréfutable que les électrons perdent de l’énergie par quanta, et que les atomes de mercure émettent du rayonnement ultraviolet dont la fréquence est celle calculée par la théorie de Bohr. 2/ Il y donne l’expression des rayons d’orbites électroniques et de leur niveau d’énergie, indexés par un nombre n (quantification des orbites). 3/ Il y esquisse une première approche et une utilisation féconde du principe de correspondance : le comportement d’un système décrit par les lois de la physique quantique obéit aux lois de la physique classique si le système est suffisamment grand.
A Service-Learning Program for Multilingual Education at an Early Age
Authors: Jovanović Ana
Published: February 2023

This chapter explores the effects of a service-learning program on the development of competences for teaching Spanish to young learners during initial teacher education. The framework of action science provides guidelines for the design of participative inquiry in which the student-teachers evaluate their theories of language teaching and embrace opportunities for developing a more efficient, flexible, but also a more critical approach to early language education. By implementing interpretative phenomenology as a research tool, a particular attention is dedicated to the participants' understanding and interpretation of specific pedagogical events of tandem teaching, which marked their positive and negative didactic experiences and influenced reconsideration of their theories of teaching.
EFL Learners' Perceptions and Attitudinal Fluctuations Toward Digital Multimodal Composition
Authors: Alrajhi Assim S.
Published: February 2023

This longitudinal study used a mixed-methods approach to investigate multiple digital multimodal composition (DMC) tasks effect on EFL learners' attitudes toward DMC. The sample consisted of Arabic-speaking students (n = 40), enrolled in an English language program at a Saudi university. Data comprised multiple sources, including five online tasks, five questionnaires, reflections, and focus group discussions. The findings show that students maintained positive attitudes toward DMC, suggesting that such attitudes are not a consequence of the novelty effect, postulated in previous cross-sectional research. Furthermore, there is a significant attitudinal fluctuation observed in attitudes toward how DMC facilitates meaning communication. Meanwhile, major themes emerged that explain positive attitudes, including enjoyability, communication, motivation, Second language and writing development, and satisfaction. Conversely, the availability of nonlinguistic components might pose negative effects on learners. This paper sheds light on pedagogical implications and avenues for future research.
Immersive Learning and Participatory Engagement
Authors: Cavanaugh Gesulla , Condry Helen M. , Afable Clarissa Frances , Morris Melissa , De Santanu , Madison Holly Evans , Marshall Jacqueline , Victor Chitra Paul , Weiner Marsha
Published: February 2023

Guided by constructivist theory, this study examines health professions student learning and engagement in the virtual classroom (VC) setting. Students (N=52) participated in a one-week VC prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. After participation, students were surveyed to discern their impressions of the experience, including the administration of a presence questionnaire, a key indicator of virtual environment (VE) efficacy. High student presence scores were significantly correlated with the perception that the VC facilitated learning (r = .573, p = .001). Conversely, students who perceived the course content as challenging were less likely to recommend the VC as a viable alternative learning platform. Furthermore, in terms of presence, undergraduate and graduate students were not significantly different. In summary, health professions students view immersive technologies favorably and may benefit from using such platforms as alternative or supplemental learning tools regardless of their academic level.
Clustering of COVID-19 Multi-Time Series-Based K-Means and PCA With Forecasting
Authors: Alaziz Sundus Naji , Albayati Bakr , El-Bagoury Abd al-Aziz H. , Shafik Wasswa
Published: February 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the current universal threats to humanity. The entire world is cooperating persistently to find some ways to decrease its effect. The time series is one of the basic criteria that play a fundamental part in developing an accurate prediction model for future estimations regarding the expansion of this virus with its infective nature. The authors discuss in this paper the goals of the study, problems, definitions, and previous studies. Also they deal with the theoretical aspect of multi-time series clusters using both the K-means and the time series cluster. In the end, they apply the topics, and ARIMA is used to introduce a prototype to give specific predictions about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic from 90 to 140 days. The modeling and prediction process is done using the available data set from the Saudi Ministry of Health for Riyadh, Jeddah, Makkah, and Dammam during the previous four months, and the model is evaluated using the Python program. Based on this proposed method, the authors address the conclusions.
An Improved Computational Solution for Cloud-Enabled E-Learning Platforms Using a Deep Learning Technique
Authors: Xu Wenyi
Published: February 2023

The sharable e-learning platform can be presented as a useful learning environment for students on the cloud computing infrastructure. Virtual classrooms are momentarily taking the place of conventional ones, which means that e-learning is becoming more popular. There are currently no strategies for estimating how much cloud resources will be used. Because of this, students can access learning objects without deciding to follow a different learning management system (LMS). The proposed deep learning-based e-learning platform (DL-E-LP) can enable separate LMS embedded in multiple e-learning standards to share the learning objects. Using a smart learning system, teachers can keep track of their students' progress more easily. The convolutional neural network has been used to develop face recognition and monitor students' knowledge learning level in deep learning. The use of modern technologies and smart classrooms makes learning easier for all students. The proposed paradigm is both efficient and productive through experimentation.
A Novel Method for Measuring, Visualizing, and Monitoring E-Collaboration
Authors: Farshad Sabah , Fortin Clement
Published: February 2023

With its roots in the 1960s, e-collaboration has dramatically evolved and expanded over the past decades and became a globally adopted practice of teamwork. On the other hand, despite the development of e-collaboration technologies, the lack of true collaboration remains one of the main reasons for teamwork failures. However, traditional approaches to improving collaboration due to time-consuming, complicated, and expensive procedures do not meet the modern setup's requirements. This paper presents a new fast, simple, and low-cost method to improve e-collaboration through active engagement measures by analyzing data logs. The authors designed and ran a feedback system to mirror the participants' engagement during a collaborative engineering design course. The results of two case studies, including nine teams, suggest meaningful positive impacts of the method. The presented approach is applicable in upgrading e-collaboration platforms and further investigation on improving web-based collaborative learning and teamwork through monitoring dashboards and feedback systems.
A Text-Based Competition Network
Authors: Wang Wei , Chen Fengzhang , Long Zewei , Chen Fengwen , Tsai Fu-Sheng
Published: February 2023

This paper utilizes nonfinancial information disclosure to develop a measure of text-based competition network. Using the data of China's listed firms, the authors adopt the textual analysis method to identify a unique group of competitors for the focal firm and construct the text-based competition network. In the whole network, leading firms receive increasing attention from competitors, and they play a vital role for the dynamic changes in the whole market. Moreover, the interactions between the focal firm and competitors in the text-based competition network are shown by some financial indicators. The characteristics of the text-based competition network have a significant impact on the future performance of the focal firm. Finally, economic links in the competition network are discussed by varying the number of competitors, which shows the impact of various competitors on economic similarities. The text-based competition network shows the relative importance of competitors for the focal firm and explains firms' decision-making from the perspective of dynamic competition.
Ab Initio Calculations of the Atomic Structure, Stability, and Electronic Properties of (C6H10O5)2 Encapsulation into Hydrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotube
Authors: Pido Alvanh Alem G. , Munio Art Anthony Z. , Ambolode II Leo Cristobal C.
Published: February 2023

This research investigated the Hydrogen doping of the single-walled carbon nanotube (HCNT) with encapsulated cellulose, (C6H10O5)2, and provide theoretical predictions on the properties of the resulting complex system. After full structural optimization, two different bond lengths and angles in the HCNT and (C6H10O5)2/HCNT system were calculated. Further, it was found that substitutional H atoms acted as charge acceptors and drove necessary rearrangements in the valence region. The (C6H10O5)2 caused some peaks at the valence band mainly caused by the p orbitals of the oxygen atoms. A bandgap decrease has been observed for the (C6H10O5)2/HCNT system. The results are consistent with the previous works which demonstrated the possibility of band gap engineering in CNTs.
Low Velocity Impact Behaviour of Composite Laminates Containing TiC and ZrC Nanoparticles in Resin System
Authors: Alabay Pelin , Elaldi Faruk
Published: February 2023

Composite structures utilized in defence and aerospace applications might be subjected to impacts due to bird strike, tool dropping and bullet penetration. One of the approaches to this problem is to add nano tubes and nano particles to resin systems in order to improve bonding between fibres and matrix materials. Different nano-particles or nano-tubes of clays, alumina, silica, carbon and graphene have been analysed in composite systems in the literature so far because of the improved mechanical properties. In this study, the low velocity impact behaviour of the aramid fibre reinforced epoxy composite plates, containing two new nano-particles of TiC and ZrC which are not studied formerly, are searched experimentally. After the low velocity impact tests, it is concluded that plates containing titanium carbide nano-particles and zirconium nano-particles yielded 19 % and 4 % respectively less penetration in comparison with particle free plates. In other words, titanium carbide nano-particles contained plates showed more resistance against the impact by 19 % against to particle free plates. These results showed that TiC and ZrC nano particles might be also good contributors for the impact resistance of composite structure.
Preliminary Study on Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Carbon-PLA Filament with Different Printing Orientation for SUAV Wings Application
Authors: Hendrawan Muhammad Al Fatih , Ilman Kholqillah Ardhian , Anggono Agus Dwi , Febriantoko Bambang Waluyo , Mat Daud Yusrina , Musa Luqman , Rasidi Mohamad Syahmie Mohamad , Azrem Azmi Ahmad , Ibrahim Lokman Hakim
Published: February 2023

This article focuses on the production of tensile test (ASTM D638-03) specimens using fused deposition modelling technique as preliminary study for preparation of 3D-printed SUAV wings. Carbon-PLA (nylon 6/66 copolymer adding with 20% of carbon fiber) was used as 3D filament. There were 7 printing orientations: 0o, 15o, 30o, 45o, 60o, 75o, and 90o based on tensile axis with 3 specimens for each direction (21 specimens in total). Printing parameters were set using open-source slicing application CURA. It was found delamination and fracture outside the gauge length causing high deviation of the mechanical properties value. So, the result of the testing test seems like do not comply with theoretical aspect of relationship between fiber orientation and tensile properties of composite materials. Taking care of printing parameters and increasing the number of specimens has an opportunity to achieve high precision results since precise data is crucial as a starting point for the development of SUAV wings.
The NLRP3 Inflammasome Works as a Sensor for Detecting Hypoactivity of the Mitochondrial Src Family Kinases
Authors: Sekiguchi Yuto , Takano Saya , Noguchi Takuya , Kagi Tomohiro , Komatsu Ryuto , Tan Maoko , Hirata Yusuke , Matsuzawa Atsushi
Published: February 2023

Gefitinib (GF), the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting epidermal growth factor receptor, initiates lung inflammation through the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. However, the molecular targets and mechanisms underlying the inflammatory action of GF remain unknown. In this study, we identified mitochondrial Src family kinases (mSFKs) as key determinants of GF-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Comprehensive analysis of the TKIs revealed that all TKIs we tested act as potent agonists for the NLRP3 inflammasome in human monocytic THP-1 cells and bone marrow–derived macrophages. Moreover, these TKIs share a common off-target activity against the mSFKs, such as c-Src, Fgr, and Fyn. Interestingly, loss of each kinase spontaneously stimulated the NLRP3 inflammasome activation in THP-1 cells. These results together suggest that NLRP3 senses hypoactivity of the mSFKs that is responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, our findings demonstrate a mechanistic link between the NLRP3 inflammasome and mSFKs, which, to our knowledge, provides insights into a novel molecular basis and cellular function of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Effect of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl on hemodynamic changes and block profile following spinal anesthesia with ropivacaine among patients with femoral fractures undergoing lower limb surgery
Authors: Hosseini Rohollah , Pazoki Shirin , Hadi Hasan Ali , Alimohammadi Ali , Kamali Alireza
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study was to compare the effect of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl on hemodynamic changes and block characteristics following spinal anesthesia with ropivacaine among patients with femoral fractures undergoing lower limb surgery. In this double-blind clinical trial, 64 patients who were candidates for lower limb surgery. Patients were divided into two groups based on the block pattern. In the first group, dexmedetomidine was prescribed. In the second group, fentanyl with ropivacaine was prescribed. Sensory and motor blocks at or above the T8 dermatome in each group were measured. Furthermore, the sensory block was evaluated every 1 minute after anesthesia with a needle (pin prick method) and also the motor block was evaluated every 5 minutes by the bromage scale. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the time for achieving sensory block to T8 or higher dermatome (p = 0.0001). The time elapsed until the onset of motor block was shorter in the dexmedetomidine group, and dexmedetomidine had a shorter time for achieving sensory block to T8 or higher dermatome than fentanyl. A statistically significant difference was found in terms of the time elapsed until the motor block and the time for achieving sensory block to the T8 dermatome or higher (p <0.05). The time elapsed until the onset of motor block was shorter in the dexmedetomidine group, and dexmedetomidine had a shorter time for achieving sensory block to T8 or higher dermatome than fentanyl. Our findings revealed a statistically significant difference in terms of the duration of sensory block for reaching the T12 to L1 dermatome and the duration of obtaining bromide scores 0 and 1 (p = 0.0001). The time for achieving sensory block to dermatome T12 to L1 and the time of obtaining bromage scales of 0 and 1 were longer in dexmedetomidine group (p = 0.0001). Pain in dexmedetomidine group was less than fentanyl group in 2 to 8 hours after surgery (p <0.05). The duration of analgesia was longer in the dexmedetomidine group (p = 0.001). In summary, it can be suggested that adding dexmedetomidine to the anesthetic ropivacaine may be beneficial.
Consequences of rpoB mutations missed by the GenoType MTBDRplus assay in a programmatic setting in South Africa
Authors: Mvelase Nomonde R. , Cele Lindiwe P. , Singh Ravesh , Naidoo Yeshnee , Giandhari Jennifer , Wilkinson Eduan , De Oliveira Tulio , Swe Swe-Han Khine , Mlisana Koleka P.
Published: February 2023

Background: Rifampicin resistance missed by commercial rapid molecular assays but detected by phenotypic assays may lead to discordant susceptibility results and affect patient management.Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the causes of rifampicin resistance missed by the GenoType MTBDRplus and its impact on the programmatic management of tuberculosis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Methods: We analysed routine tuberculosis programme data from January 2014 to December 2014 on isolates showing rifampicin susceptibility on the GenoType MTBDRplus assay but resistance on the phenotypic agar proportion method. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on a subset of these isolates.Results: Out of 505 patients with isoniazid mono-resistant tuberculosis on the MTBDRplus, 145 (28.7%) isolates showed both isoniazid and rifampicin resistance on the phenotypic assay. The mean time from MTBDRplus results to initiation of drug-resistant tuberculosis therapy was 93.7 days. 65.7% of the patients had received previous tuberculosis treatment. The most common mutations detected in the 36 sequenced isolates were I491F (16; 44.4%) and L452P (12; 33.3%). Among the 36 isolates, resistance to other anti-tuberculosis drugs was 69.4% for pyrazinamide, 83.3% for ethambutol, 69.4% for streptomycin, and 50% for ethionamide.Conclusion: Missed rifampicin resistance was mostly due to the I491F mutation located outside the MTBDRplus detection area and the L452P mutation, which was not included in the initial version 2 of the MTBDRplus. This led to substantial delays in the initiation of appropriate therapy. The previous tuberculosis treatment history and the high level of resistance to other anti-tuberculosis drugs suggest an accumulation of resistance.
A historical survey of the African Neo-Pentecostals’ response to digital transformation
Authors: Orogun Daniel O. , Pillay Jerry
Published: February 2023

The ongoing digital transformation (DT) in our world has not only brought change to secular systems but also to how things are done in the mission and ministry of the Christian faith. Although before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, some churches were interacting with DT, the post COVID-19 experience has shown that many more Christian organisations, especially, the African Neo-Pentecostal Churches (ANPC), have carved their niche in the digital space. With South Africa and Nigeria in view, this article investigated how the ANPC interacts with DT to improve missional work and the possible implications of doing so in the last 15 years. In the process, three strategies were applied. Firstly, a literature review and some online investigations were undertaken to articulate how the ANPC have engaged with DT in the past. Secondly, as a primary source, a quantitative empirical survey was conducted through data collection from 109 Neo-Pentecostal leaders to assess the current development in the use of digital technology (DTECH) by the ANPC. Thirdly, the article applied Albert Humphrey’s Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) framework to analyse the implications of the interaction. The outcome showed that the strengths and opportunities of digital interaction such as the wider and easier reach of audience, online training, online giving, improved sound and light technology and advertisements among others are helpful in missional assignments. Nevertheless, some observed Weaknesses and Threats need attention. Most importantly, the lesson from the findings is that ‘techno church’ practices come with gains; however, interaction with DT is not sufficient for missional services.Contribution: Aligning with HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies’s focus and scope, this article contributed to an interdisciplinary religious aspect of research as it brought forward the interactions of African Pentecostalism, Historical Theology and Information Technology.
The dynamics of traditional leaders’ relationship with municipal councillors and service delivery
Authors: Ramolobe Kutu S.
Published: February 2023

Background: The power disparity between traditional leaders and councillors is a source of concern for the local government’s developmental focus, as the municipality and traditional leaders do not always agree, even though the service delivery is sorely needed by the people they serve. Although many scholars have written about the roles of traditional leaders and municipal councillors, the critical question that remains unanswered is how their relationship works in terms of service delivery.Aim: This article theoretically investigates the relationship between traditional leaders and municipal councillors and its adverse impacts on rural development.Setting: South African municipalities.Methods: The methodology for this article is a literature review guided by a hermeneutic framework. This article adopted a hermeneutic framework to integrate the analysis and interpretation of information collected from the literature.Results: The power dynamic between traditional leaders and elected councillors has surfaced as a source of concern, as it has the potential to delay and block development.Conclusion: The article concludes that all local government stakeholders must work to strengthen the relationship between traditional leaders and municipal councillors.Contribution: This article has the potential to add to theory, policy and practice in terms of strategies to address the relationship between traditional leaders and municipal councillors in local government.
Exercise dosage to facilitate the recovery of balance, walking, and quality of life after stroke
Authors: Amanzonwé Elogni R. , Tedesco Triccas Lisa , Codjo Léopold , Hansen Dominique , Feys Peter , Kossi Oyéné
Published: February 2023

Background: Although aerobic training (AT) and resistance training (RT) are recommended after stroke, the optimal dosage of these interventions and their effectiveness on balance, walking capacity, and quality of life (QoL) remain conflicting.Objective: Our study aimed to quantify the effects of different modes, dosages and settings of exercise therapy on balance, walking capacity, and QoL in stroke survivors.Methods: PubMed, CINHAL, and Hinari databases were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of AT and RT on balance, walking, and QoL in stroke survivors. The treatment effect was computed by the standard mean differences (SMDs).Results: Twenty-eight trials (n = 1571 participants) were included. Aerobic training and RT interventions were ineffective on balance. Aerobic training interventions were the most effective in improving walking capacity (SMD = 0.37 [0.02, 0.71], p = 0.04). For walking, capacity, a higher dosage (duration ≥ 120 min/week; intensity ≥ 60% heart rate reserve) of AT interventions demonstrated a significantly greater effect (SMD = 0.58 [0.12, 1.04], p = 0.01). Combined AT and RT improved QoL (SMD = 0.56 [0.12, 0.98], p = 0.01). Hospital located rehabilitation setting was effective for improving walking capacity (SMD = 0.57 [0.06, 1.09], p = 0.03) compared with home and/or community and laboratory settings.Conclusions: Our findings showed that neither AT nor RT have a significant effect on balance. However, AT executed in hospital-located settings with a higher dose is a more effective strategy to facilitate walking capacity in chronic stroke. In contrast, combined AT and RT is beneficial for improving QoL.Clinical implications: A high dosage of aerobic exercise, duration ≥ 120 min/week; intensity ≥ 60% heart rate reserve is beneficial for improving walking capacity.
A note on BV and 1-Sobolev functions on the weighted Euclidean space
Authors: Gelli Maria Stella , Lučić Danka
Published: February 2023

In the setting of the Euclidean space equipped with an arbitrary Radon measure, we prove the equivalence between several notions of function of bounded variation present in the literature. We also study the relation between various definitions of 1-Sobolev function.
Utumi Abelian groups
Authors: Călugăreanu Grigore , Das Soumitra
Published: February 2023

In a recent paper written by Y. Ibrahim and M. Yousif (2018), the following class of modules is considered: a right

R

-module

M

is called a
Utumi module
if, whenever

A

and

B

are submodules of

M

with

A\cong B

and

A\cap B=0

, there exist direct summands

K

and

L

of

M

such that

A

is essential in

K

,

B

is essential in

L

and

K\oplus L

is a direct summand of

M

. In this paper, all the Utumi

\mathbb{Z}

-modules (i.e. Abelian groups) and some special classes of these are determined. As an application, it is proved that all the pseudo-continuous Abelian groups are quasi-continuous.
Sobolev and Trudinger inequalities in weighted Morrey spaces for double phase functionals
Authors: Mizuta Yoshihiro , Shimomura Tetsu
Published: February 2023

Our aim in this paper is to establish Sobolev and Trudinger inequalities for Sobolev functions in weighted Morrey spaces. As an application, we extend these inequalities for double phase functionals

\Phi(x,t) = t^p + (b(x) t)^q

, where

1<p<q

and

b(\cdot)

is nonnegative, bounded and Hölder continuous of order

\theta \in (0,1]

. Our results are new even for the unweighted case.
A note on the barrelledness of weighted PLB-spaces of ultradifferentiable functions
Authors: Debrouwere Andreas , Neyt Lenny
Published: February 2023

In this note, we consider weighted PLB-spaces of ultradifferentiable functions defined via a weight function and a weight system, as introduced in our previous work (2022). We provide a complete characterization of when these spaces are ultrabornological and barrelled in terms of the defining weight system, thereby improving the main result of our above mentioned work. In particular, we obtain that the multiplier space of the Gelfand–Shilov space

\Sigma^r_s(\mathbb{R}^d)

of Beurling type is ultrabornological, whereas the one of the Gelfand–Shilov space

\mathcal{S}^r_s(\mathbb{R}^d)

of Roumieu type is not barrelled.
Левоинвариантные задачи оптимального управления на группах Ли, интегрируемые в эллиптических функциях
Authors: Sachkov Yurii Leonidovich
Published: February 2023

Левоинвариантные задачи оптимального управления на группах Ли образуют важный класс задач с большой группой симметрий. Они интересны в теоретическом плане, так как часто допускают полное исследование и на этих модельных задачах можно изучить общие закономерности. В частности, задачи на нильпотентных группах Ли доставляют фундаментальную нильпотентную аппроксимацию общих задач. Левоинвариантные задачи также часто возникают в приложениях: в классической и квантовой механике, геометрии, робототехнике, моделях зрения и обработке изображений.
Цель данной работы - дать обзор основных понятий, методов и результатов, относящихся к левоинвариантным задачам оптимального управления на группах Ли, интегрируемым в эллиптических функциях. Основное внимание уделено описанию экстремальных траекторий и их оптимальности, времени разреза и множества разреза, оптимального синтеза.
Библиография: 162 названия.
Evaluation of Sampling and Concentration Methods for Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Detection from Wastewater
Authors: Zhou Nicolette , Ong Angelo , Fagnant-Sperati Christine , Harrison Joanna , Kossik Alexandra , Beck Nicola , Shirai Jeffry , Burnor Elisabeth , Swanstrom Rachael , Demeke Bethel , Patel Suhani , Scott Meschke John , _ _
Published: February 2023

Salmonella enterica serovar (Salmonella Typhi) is the causative bacterial agent of typhoid fever. Environmental surveillance of wastewater and wastewater-impacted surface waters has proven effective in monitoring various pathogens and has recently been applied to Salmonella Typhi. This study evaluated eight sample collection and concentration methods with 12 variations currently being developed and used for Salmonella Typhi surveillance globally to better understand the performance of each method based on its ability to detect Salmonella Typhi and its feasibility. Salmonella Typhi strains Ty21a and Ty2 were seeded to influent wastewater at known concentrations to evaluate the following methods: grab sampling using electropositive filters, centrifugation, direct enrichment, or membrane filtration and trap sampling using Moore swabs. Concentrated samples underwent nucleic acid extraction and were detected and/or quantified via quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results suggest that all methods tested can be successful at concentrating Salmonella Typhi for subsequent detection by qPCR, although each method has its own strengths and weaknesses, including the Salmonella Typhi concentration it is best suited for, with a range of positive detections observed as low as 0.1–0.001 colony-forming units (CFU) Ty21a/mL and 0.01 CFU Ty2/mL. These factors should be considered when identifying a method for environmental surveillance and will greatly depend on the use case planned.
Rola etyki narracyjnej w kształceniu pielęgniarek
Authors: Zurzycka Patrycja , Czyżowicz Katarzyna , Puto Grażyna
Published: February 2023

Narracja i realizowana w oparciu o nią opieka narracyjna umożliwia włączenie do codziennej praktyki klinicznej perspektywy humanistycznej odwołującej się do opowieści (narracji) pacjentów i ich bliskich, a także personelu medycznego. Połączenie wiedzy pochodzącej z narracji oraz kontekstu klinicznego i uwarunkowań realizowanej opieki pozwala na skupienie się na jednostkowych potrzebach i wyjątkowości każdego człowieka. Narracja może być także postrzegana jako jedna z form etyki. U podstaw etyki narracyjnej leży założenie, że narracja jest istotnym elementem wpływającym na podejmowane w sytuacjach klinicznych decyzje, również te związane z rozwiazywaniem dylematów etycznych. Etyka narracyjna pomaga docenić wpływ historii (opowieści) na jaźń oraz zrozumieć bogactwo i złożoność indywidualnego życia, a tym samym może stanowić podstawę dla rozumowania etycznego. Ze względu na specyfikę roli zawodowej pielęgniarki etyka narracyjna może stanowić istotną wartość wykorzystywaną w nauczaniu etyki zawodu. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie wybranych zagadnień związanych z etyką narracyjną w kształceniu pielęgniarek.

ABSTRACT
The role of narrative ethics in nursing education

Narrative and narrative care enables the integration of a humanistic perspective into everyday clinical practice, referring to the stories (narratives) of patients and their relatives, as well as medical personnel. The combination of knowledge derived from narrative and the clinical context and determinants of the care provided allows to focus on the individual needs and uniqueness of each person. Narrative can also be perceived as a form of ethics. At the core of narrative ethics is the assumption that narrative is an essential element that influences decisions made in clinical situations, including those related to resolving ethical dilemmas. Narrative ethics helps to appreciate the impact of stories (storytelling) on the self and to understand the richness and complexity of individual lives, and thus can provide a basis for ethical reasoning. Given the specificity of the professional nurse’s role, narrative ethics can be an important value used in teaching professional ethics. The aim of this paper is to present selected issues related to narrative ethics in the professional education of nurses.
Karakter Meristik dan Morfometrik Spesies Ikan Asing Invasif Parachromis managuensis (Günther 1867) di Waduk Penjalin, Brebes, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Putri Adinda Kurnia , Sari Lilik Kartika , Muslih Muslih , Fikriyya Nabela , Haryati Ani
Published: February 2023

Ikan Jaguar, Parachromis managuensis merupakan ikan asing dari Famili Cichlidae yang berpotensi menjadi ikan invasif dan mengancam terjadinya penurunan sumberdaya ikan asli dan endemik di perairan Waduk Penjalin, Brebes, Jawa Tengah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi ikan P. managuensis berdasarkan karakter morfometrik dan meristiknya. Pada penelitian ini sebanyak 50 individu ikan P. managunesis dikumpulkan dari nelayan di Waduk Penjalin pada bulan November 2022 dan dianalisis 20 karakter morfometrik dan tujuh karakter meristiknya. Sebanyak 21 ikan berada pada stadia yuwana dan 29 adalah ikan dewasa yang dapat dikelompokkan mejadi tujuh kelas ukuran panjang. One-Way Anova, Analisis Kluster, Principal Component Analysis digunakan untuk menganalisis karakter morfometrik sedangkan uji Kruskal-Wallis digunakan untuk  mengetahui adanya perbedaan karakter meristik berdasarkan kelas ukuran panjang. Hasil dari pengujian One-way Anova menunjukkan sebanyak 15 karakter morfometrik berbeda secara signifikan. Ikan pada kelas ukuran kecil (yuwana) dan besar (dewasa) dapat dibedakan berdasarkan  karakter morfologi di bagian kepala yakni PoL (Panjang Postorbital), SnL (Panjang Moncong), HL (Panjang Kepala), dan PreDL (Panjang Sebelum Sirip Dorsal). Akan tetapi, karakter meristik menunjukkan tidak adanya perbedaan berdasarkan kelas ukuran panjang ikan.
The solutions of classical and nonlocal nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equations with nonzero backgrounds: Bilinearisation and reduction approach
Authors: Zhang Da-jun , Liu Shi-min , Deng Xiao
Published: February 2023

In this paper we develop a bilinearisation-reduction approach to derive
solutions to the classical and nonlocal nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger (NLS)
equations with nonzero backgrounds. We start from the second order
Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur coupled equations as an unreduced system. With a
pair of solutions $(q_0,r_0)$ we bilinearize the unreduced system and obtain
solutions in terms of quasi double Wronskians. Then we implement reductions by
introducing constraints on the column vectors of the Wronskians and finally
obtain solutions to the reduced equations, including the classical NLS equation
and the nonlocal NLS equations with reverse-space, reverse-time and
reverse-space-time, respectively. With a set of plane wave solution $(q_0,r_0)$
as a background solution, we present explicit formulae for these column
vectors. As examples, we analyze and illustrate solutions to the focusing NLS
equation and the reverse-space nonlocal NLS equation. In particular, we present
formulae for the rouge waves of arbitrary order for the focusing NLS equation.
“The Other/Own/Alien”: Paradoxes of Perception of Germans in the Russian Empire in the late 18th – early 20th centuries
Authors: Erokhina Olga V. , Zakharov Vitaly Y.
Published: February 2023

The article deals with the problem of “the Other/Own/Alien” on the example of Germans and German colonists who arrived to Russian Empire in the late 18th – early 20th century at the invitation of the authorities. The material analyzed by the authors allowed revealing how the process of their transformation from “the Other” to “Stranger” took place. We have identified the socio-cultural, economic and political factors that influenced it. For various reasons, Germans came to the country where they had to adapt to new natural and climatic conditions, master the language, get acquainted with culture and traditions. In our opinion, long-term residence in the country and the gradual establishment of contacts with the local population contributed to the assimilation of Germans and transformation into “our kin”. This process took place much faster in an urban environment than in rural areas. However, foreign policy circumstances forced the Russian authorities to pursue an anti-German policy. This is reflected in periodicals and journalism. The desire of the Germans to preserve their language, culture and traditions, as well as the policy of the authorities, contributed to the formation of the image of the “Alien”.