bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Capturing molecular interactions in graph neural networks: a case study in multi-component phase equilibrium
Authors: Qin Shiyi , Jiang Shengli , Li Jianping , Balaprakash Prasanna , Van Lehn Reid C. , Zavala Victor M.
Published: November 2022

We propose a graph neural network architecture that captures molecular interactions in an explicit manner by combining atomic-level (local) graph convolution and molecular-level (global) message passing through a molecular interaction network.
Highly anisotropic 1/3-magnetization plateau in a ferrimagnet Cs2Cu3(SeO3)4·2H2O: topology of magnetic bonding necessary for magnetization plateau
Authors: Moskin A. V. , Kozlyakova E. S. , Shvanskaya L. V. , Chareev D. A. , Koo Hyun-Joo , Whangbo Myung-Hwan , Vasiliev A. N.
Published: November 2022

Cs2Cu3(SeO3)4·2H2O is a ferrimagnet and exhibits a highly anisotropic 1/3-magnetization plateau. The necessary requirements for observing magnetic plateaus were explored by analyzing the topology of magnetic bonding.
Lithium-selective hybrid capacitive deionization system with a Ag-coated carbon electrode and stop-flow operation
Authors: Yoon Hongsik , Min Taijin , Lee Jiho , Lee Gunhee , Jeon Minkyu , Kim Areum
Published: November 2022

Li-selective hybrid capacitive deionization technology comprising lithium manganese oxide and silver (Ag)-coated activated carbon electrodes.
FermentedAngelica sinensisactivates Nrf2 signaling and modulates the gut microbiota composition and metabolism to attenuated-gal induced liver aging
Authors: Lu Xuerui , Li Junxiang , Ma Yingchun , Khan Israr , Yang Yun , Li Yuxi , Wang YaFei , Liu GuanLan , Zhang Zhiming , Yang Pingrong , Zhang Chunjiang
Published: November 2022

Potential of fermentedAngelica sinensisin allevaiting liver aging.
Cinnamaldehyde causes developmental neurotoxicity in zebrafishviathe oxidative stress pathway that is rescued by astaxanthin
Authors: Chang Kaihui , Zeng Nan , Ding Yonghe , Zhao Xiangzhong , Gao Chengwen , Li Yafang , Wang Haoxu , Liu Xiaoyu , Niu Yujuan , Sun Yuanchao , Li Teng , Shi Yongyong , Wu Chuanhong , Li Zhiqiang
Published: November 2022

High doses of cinnamaldehyde induce developmental neurotoxicity in zebrafish, and its toxicological mechanisms may be related to oxidative stress. Astaxanthin can reverse the cinnamaldehyde induced toxic phenotype in zebrafish.
Correction: High resolution off resonant spectroscopy as a probe of the oxidation state
Authors: Nowakowski Michal , Kalinko Aleksandr , Szlachetko Jakub , Fanselow Rafał , Bauer Matthias
Published: November 2022

Correction for ‘High resolution off resonant spectroscopy as a probe of the oxidation state’ by Michal Nowakowski et al., J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2022, 37, 2383–2391, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2JA00232A.
Improving the long-term electrochemical performances of Li-rich cathode material by encapsulating a three-in-one nanolayer
Authors: Wang Zhenbo , Yin Yanfeng , He Guanjie , Zhao Huiling , Bai Ying
Published: November 2022

Long-term electrochemical performances of the Li-rich cathode were effectively enhanced by engineering three-in-one nanolayer composed of element-doping, layered-spinel structure, and fast ion conductor coating shell via a facile method.
Thermal diffusion of ionic species in charged nanochannels
Authors: Chen Wei Qiang , Sedighi Majid , Jivkov Andrey P.
Published: November 2022

Tuning the thermal diffusion of alkali solutions in nanopores by varying the surface charge density.
A 4-state acid–base controlled molecular switch based on a host–guest system
Authors: De Leener Gaël , Over Diana , Reinaud Olivia , Jabin Ivan
Published: November 2022

A triple molecular switch based on acid–base-driven interconversion of four different forms of a calix[6]arene-based receptor.
LiRE(SO4)2(RE = Y, Gd, Eu): noncentrosymmetric chiral rare-earth sulfates with very large band gaps
Authors: Cho Sunghwan , Ok Kang Min
Published: November 2022

Syntheses, structure determinations, and linear/nonlinear optical properties of novel noncentrosymmetric chiral sulfate materials, LiRE(SO4)2(RE = Y, Gd, and Eu), exhibiting very short UV-cutoff edges are presented.
Pd-catalyzed cascade coupling reaction of cyclopropanols with N-allenyl-2-iodoanilines to construct 3-substituted indole derivatives
Authors: Liu Zhi-Kai , Zeng Jia-Hao , Zhan Zhuang-Ping
Published: November 2022

We report herein a concise and useful method for the construction of 3-substituted indole derivatives via a palladium-catalyzed ring-opening coupling reaction of cyclopropanols with N-allenyl-2-iodoanilines.
A convenient catalytic method for preparation of new tetrahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines via a cooperative vinylogous anomeric based oxidation
Authors: Sepehrmansourie Hassan , Kalhor Sima , Zarei Mahmoud , Zolfigol Mohammad Ali , Hosseinifard Mojtaba
Published: November 2022

In this study, a novel functionalized metal–organic frameworks MIL-125(Ti)-N(CH2PO3H2)2 was designed and synthesized via post-modification methodology and applicated this catalyst for preparation of new tetrahydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidines.
Is degradation of dyes even possible without using photocatalysts? – a detailed comparative study
Authors: Sen Subhadeep , Das Chanchal , Ghosh Narendra Nath , Baildya Nabajyoti , Bhattacharya Sumantra , Khan Moonis Ali , Sillanpää Mika , Biswas Goutam
Published: November 2022

Degradation of cationic dyes through self generation of ROS.
Luminescence and energy transfer of single-phase white-emitting phosphor Ba2Mg(PO4)2:Ce3+, Eu2+ for white LEDs
Authors: Wang Tao , Zheng Mingjie , Wang Zhijun , Li Panlai
Published: November 2022

A series of Ba2Mg(PO4)2:Ce3+, Eu2+ phosphors were synthesized by the traditional high temperature solid-state method, and the crystal structures and luminescence properties of the samples were discussed systematically.
Combined laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging with machine learning for the classification and identification of rice geographical origin
Authors: Liu Yuanyuan , Zhao Shangyong , Gao Xun , Fu Shaoyan , Chao Song  , Dou Yinping , Shaozhong Song  , Qi Chunyan , Lin Jingquan
Published: November 2022

Combined laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and hyperspectral imaging (HSI) with machine learning algorithms can be used to identify rice quality and the place of origin of rice production rapidly and accurately.
AI-driven hypergraph network of organic chemistry: network statistics and applications in reaction classification
Authors: Mann Vipul , Venkatasubramanian Venkat
Published: November 2022

Generated a hypergraph-based network of organic chemistry where hyperedges represent reactions and nodes represent reactants and products. The statistics of such hypergraph network is reported along with AI applications for predicting reaction class.
Inorganic-based biomaterials for rapid hemostasis and wound healing
Authors: Zheng Yi , Wu Jinfu , Zhu Yufang , Wu Chengtie
Published: November 2022

This review provides the recent progress in the application of inorganic-based biomaterials for rapid hemostasis and wound healing, including preparation methods, material systems, intrinsic mechanisms and biofunctions.
Back to the future of organolanthanide chemistry
Authors: Mahieu Nolwenn , Piątkowski Jakub , Simler Thomas , Nocton Grégory
Published: November 2022

By taking inspiration from the structures and reactivities of its past, organolanthanide chemistry has managed to reinvent itself for the challenges of today and the future.
High-performing catalysts for energy-efficient commercial alkaline water electrolysis
Authors: Hoang Anh Linh , Balakrishnan Sivakumar , Hodges Aaron , Tsekouras George , Al-Musawi Atheer , Wagner Klaudia , Lee Chong-Yong , Swiegers Gerhard F. , Wallace Gordon G.
Published: November 2022

High-performing, durable electrocatalysts, capable of maintaining industrial current densities (200–700 mA cm−2), are needed.
Engineering a 3D porous carbon sponge as a self-floating solar energy utilization platform for photothermal oil spill recovery and photocatalytic H2 evolution
Authors: Kang Shifei , Chen Mengya , Wang Yuting , Tang Fan , Liu Ying , Cui Lifeng , Dong Mingdong
Published: November 2022

The porous carbon sponge + g-C3N4 photocatalytic system was facile synthesized by using melamine-formaldehyde (MF) foams and urea.
Construction of zwitterionic osmolyte-based hydrogel electrolytes towards stable zinc anode for durable aqueous zinc ion storage and integrated electronics
Authors: Wu Tianlong , Ji Chenchen , Mi Hongyu , Guo Fengjiao , Guo Gaozhi , Zhang Biao , Wu Mingzai
Published: November 2022

A zwitterionic osmolyte hydrogel electrolyte (SPS–Zn) modulates Zn deposition and suppresses dendrite growth. Batteries with SPS–Zn show a long cycling life and the material can be used to prepare integrated i-skin for detecting physiological signals.
Plant bio-inspired laminar cellulose-based foam with flame retardant, thermal insulation and excellent mechanical properties
Authors: Hou Yansu , Liao Jianming , Huang Luyao , Guo Shasha , Zhang Yuxiang , Liu Zhan , Mo Lihuan , Zhang Xi , Li Jun
Published: November 2022

Plastic foam has received extensive attention as a potential thermal management material for energy-efficient buildings.
Effective design of organic luminogens for near-infrared-II fluorescence imaging and photo-mediated therapy
Authors: Kamya Edward , Lu Zhongzhong , Cao Yi , Pei Renjun
Published: November 2022

Organic luminogens possess excellent photonic features that are essential for biomedical applications.
The synergistic effect of topography and stiffness as a crack engineering strategy for stretchable electronics
Authors: Mechael Sara S. , D’Amaral Gloria M. , Wu Yunyun , Schlingman Kory , Ives Brittany , Carmichael R. Stephen , Carmichael Tricia Breen
Published: November 2022

This systematic experimental study reveals the synergy between topography and stiffness of stretchable metal-on-elastomer systems, providing crack engineering strategies for the fabrication of soft strain sensors.
PARK7 is induced to protect against endotoxic acute kidney injury by suppressing NF-κB
Authors: Li Honglin , Liu Zhiwen , Wang Ying , Wang Hui , Cai Juan , Tang Chengyuan , Dong Zheng
Published: November 2022

Sepsis is a leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), and the pathogenesis of septic AKI remains largely unclear. Parkinson disease protein 7 (PARK7) is a protein of multiple functions that was recently implicated in septic AKI, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. In the present study, we determined the role of PARK7 in septic AKI and further explored the underlying mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxic models. PARK7 was induced both in vivo and in vitro following LPS treatment. Compared with wild-type (WT) mice, Park7-deficient mice experienced aggravated kidney tissue damage and dysfunction, and enhanced tubular apoptosis and inflammation following LPS treatment. Consistently, LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation in renal tubular cells in vitro were exacerbated by Park7 knockdown, whereas they were alleviated by PARK7 overexpression. Mechanistically, silencing Park7 facilitated nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of p65 (a key component of the nuclear factor kappa B [NF-κB] complex) during LPS treatment, whereas PARK7 overexpression partially prevented these changes. Moreover, we detected PARK7 interaction with p65 in the cytoplasm in renal tubular cells, which was enhanced by LPS treatment. Collectively, these findings suggest that PARK7 is induced to protect against septic AKI through suppressing NF-κB signaling.
Clinically Applicable Sociolinguistic Assessment for Cognitive-Communication Disorders
Authors: Keegan Louise C. , Hoepner Jerry K. , Togher Leanne , Kennedy Mary
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

The third International Cognitive-Communication Disorders Conference was held in early 2022, providing an opportunity for researchers and clinicians to discuss management of cognitive-communication disorders (CCDs). Presentations that addressed social discourse initiated broader conversations about implementing sociolinguistic methods in research and clinical contexts. Given the heterogeneity of CCDs and sociocultural contexts, a person-centered approach is needed. Sociolinguistic methods are inherently relevant and salient to the individual's communication context and partners. Sociolinguistic analyses provide information about language skills, cognitive-communication skills, and social cognition. The purpose of this article is to share a model of social communication and provide descriptions of current methods that can be used by researchers and clinicians to capture the complexity of social communication, thereby advancing our knowledge and practice.

Conclusion:

Although there is a growing literature base that supports the inclusion of sociolinguistic methods, there remains a disconnect between the literature and clinical application that current researchers and practitioners have an opportunity to address.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21614268
Stacked encoder–decoder transformer with boundary smoothing for action segmentation
Authors: Kim Gyeong‐hyeon , Kim Eunwoo
Published: November 2022

In this work, a new stacked encoder–decoder transformer (SEDT) model is proposed for action segmentation. SEDT is composed of a series of encoder–decoder modules, each of which consists of an encoder with self‐attention layers and a decoder with cross‐attention layers. By adding an encoder with self‐attention before every decoder, it preserves local information along with global information. The proposed encoder–decoder pair also prevents the accumulation of errors that occur when features are propagated through decoders. Moreover, the approach performs boundary smoothing in order to handle ambiguous action boundaries. Experimental results for two popular benchmark datasets, “GTEA” and “50 Salads”, show that the proposed model is more effective in performance than existing temporal convolutional network based models and the attention‐based model, ASFormer.
An adaptive multi‐mode switching control strategy to improve the stability of virtual synchronous generator with wide power grid strengths variation
Authors: Liu Zhaoxun , Qin Liang , Zhou Yiyuan , Lei Xiao , Huangfu Cheng , Yang Shiqi , Hong Yun , Liu Kaipei
Published: November 2022

With the increasing proportion of renewable power generations in the power system, the power grid impedance may fluctuate greatly, and it is difficult for the virtual synchronous generator (VSG) with a single control structure to meet the stability requirements. Thus, the control principles of the two types of VSGs are compared to conclude that there are similarities in the control structure of the two VSGs. And the small signal models of the two types of VSGs are established to analyze the stability boundaries, coming to the conclusion that the stability region is complementary. Based on the conclusions, the paper puts forward the idea of switching operation modes: switch to the U‐VSG mode when the grid strength weakens and switch to the PQ‐VSG mode when greater, so that the inverter can keep stable in a wider range of grid strength. Therefore, the characterization method of the switching boundary with hysteresis properties is proposed. Then the improved recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm is introduced to identify the power grid impedance online without additional injected disturbance, based on which the adaptive multi‐mode smooth switching control strategy is proposed. Finally, the effectiveness of the analysis and the control strategy are verified by simulations.
Optimal planning strategy for EV charging stations considering travel demands based on non‐cooperative game theory
Authors: Zhu Yongsheng , Zhang Mingming , Dong Yan , Chang Qunfang , Chen Bin , Nie Caijing
Published: November 2022

In this paper, an optimal planning strategy is proposed for EV charging stations by considering travel demand based on non‐cooperative game theory. In the proposed methodology, a realistic and stochastic charging demand distribution was obtained with the travel chain of an EV and the associated probability density function. Based on the charging demand of EV owners and a multi‐operator scenario, a two‐stage effective and practical charging station planning model was established. The first stage of the planning model optimized the location of charging stations to decrease the total deadhead mileage of the EVs with the cooperation of the charging station operators. In the second stage, the operators were committed to increasing their economic benefits by developing a charging station capacity strategy in the framework of the non‐cooperative game. Furthermore, the combination of an adaptive mutation particle swarm optimization algorithm (AMPSO) and approximate Nash equilibrium had a better effect in reducing the difficulty of solving the game model and obtaining an optimal planning strategy. Finally, the results of the case study demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for improving the charging experience of the EV owners and achieving a balance of benefits among multiple charging station operators.
Underwater image enhancement using a mixed generative adversarial network
Authors: Mu Delang , Li Heng , Liu Hui , Dong Ling , Zhang Guoyin
Published: November 2022

Underwater images intuitively reflect the underwater environment information. However, underwater images have defects such as colour distortion and low contrast, which seriously affect the processing of complex underwater visual tasks. Here, a novel mixed model called mixed underwater image generative adversarial network (MUGAN) is presented, consisting of a generator and corresponding discriminator. The generator is built following the U‐shaped architecture, where a mixed block of convolution and self‐attention is developed. It effectively exploits the complementarity between the two paradigms. In addition, a dual discriminator is employed to induce the generator to produce realistic images at both the global semantic and local detail levels, which is only discriminates based on the patch‐level information. Meanwhile, a multi‐term loss function is formulated to supervise adversarial training by evaluating the perceptual quality of an image based on its global content, local texture and illumination smoothness. To validate the proposed approach, extensive experiments are conducted on the public underwater datasets. MUGAN achieves promising performance in terms of colour, contrast and naturalness, showing a significant improvement over other competitive models in visual quality and quantitative metrics.
Autonomous and collaborative trajectory planning for traffic complexity management
Authors: Zhou Yi , Hu Minghua , Yang Lei , Wang Yuchi
Published: November 2022

To accommodate growing air traffic demand, the traffic complexity management plays a crucial role in the capacity improvement of future automated air traffic management. In this paper, an autonomous and collaborative trajectory planning (ACTP) method is presented to facilitate collaborative decision‐making and enhance flexibility of the traffic complexity management in the en route airspace. A nonlinear integer model is formulated for the conflict‐free autonomous trajectory planning by reorganizing the trajectories with the combination of speed adjustment, lateral rerouting and flight level allocation maneuvers. Within the framework of the air‐ground situation awareness sharing, the spatio‐temporal reachable space is defined to describe the feasible solution space under the constraints of aircraft performance and required time of arrival. In addition, both the system‐level and the individual‐level objectives, traffic complexity and flight efficiency, are considered in the model, which are measured through the metric based on linear dynamical systems and the deviation from the user‐preferred trajectory. To balance the optimality and computational efficiency in the multi‐aircraft trajectory planning, a multi‐aircraft clustered and collaborative optimization algorithm is proposed based on the hybrid distributed‐centralized control strategy. The experimental results of the scenario in Western China airspace is presented, which verify the effectiveness of the proposed ACTP method through the comparison of other methods. Furthermore, a multi‐criteria decision‐making problem is discussed to strike a better trade‐off between different objectives in the trajectory planning.
Design and analysis of robust backstepping controller for DC suppression of parallel UPS inverter system
Authors: He Guofeng , Zhou Zichun , Dong Yanfei , Li Guojiao , Zhang Wenjie
Published: November 2022

Here, an improved control strategy is proposed, which adopts a non‐linear robust backstepping controller to eliminate DC circulating current in a parallel uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system. The traditional active and reactive power sharing control can ideally suppress the AC circulating current, but cannot effectively restrict the DC circulating current. Based on the traditional active power and reactive power sharing control (TAPRPSC) of the parallel UPS system, the proposed control strategy is used in each parallel inverter module to suppress the DC component disturbance in the inverter output voltage, which varies within a certain range. Hence the desirable steady‐state and dynamic performance of the system can be obtained. Moreover, the Lyapunov method is utilized to ensure the stability and robustness of the system. A parallel system of two UPS inverters with the proposed control strategy is built by Matlab/Simulink, and further experiments are carried out on the semi‐physical simulation platform of the Modelling Tech. Both the simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy for DC circulating current suppression and ideal output voltage tracking.
Cannibals in the thick disk
Authors: Jofré P. , Jorissen A. , Aguilera-Gómez C. , Van Eck S. , Tayar J. , Pinsonneault M. , Zinn J. , Goriely S. , Van Winckel H.
Published: November 2022

Context. Determining ages of stars for reconstructing the history of the Milky Way remains one of the most difficult tasks in astrophysics. This involves knowing when it is possible to relate the stellar mass with its age and when it is not. The young α-rich (YAR) stars present such a case in which we are still not sure about their ages because they are relatively massive, implying young ages, but their abundances are α-enhanced, which implies old ages.

Aims. We report the results from new observations from a long-term radial-velocity-monitoring campaign complemented with high-resolution spectroscopy, as well as new astrometry and seismology of a sample of 41 red giants from the third version of APOKASC, which includes YAR stars. The aim is to better characterize the YAR stars in terms of binarity, mass, abundance trends, and kinematic properties.

Methods. The radial velocities of HERMES, APOGEE, and Gaia were combined to determine the binary fraction among YAR stars. In combination with their mass estimate, evolutionary status, chemical composition, and kinematic properties, it allowed us to better constrain the nature of these objects.

Results. We found that stars with M < 1 M⊙ were all single, whereas stars with M > 1 M⊙ could be either single or binary. This is in agreement with theoretical predictions of population synthesis models. Studying their [C/N], [C/Fe], and [N/Fe], trends with mass, it became clear that many YAR stars do not follow the APOKASC stars, favoring the scenario that most of them are the product of mass transfer. Our sample further includes two likely undermassive stars, that is to say of such as low mass that they cannot have reached the red clump within the age of the Universe, unless their low mass is the signature of mass loss in previous evolutionary phases. These stars do not show signatures of currently being binaries. Both YAR and undermassive stars might show some anomalous APOGEE abundances for the elements N, Na, P, K, and Cr; although, higher-resolution optical spectroscopy might be needed to confirm these findings.

Conclusions. Considering the significant fraction of stars that are formed in pairs and the variety of ways that makes mass transfer possible, the diversity in properties in terms of binarity, and chemistry of the YAR and undermassive stars studied here implies that most of these objects are likely not young.
The galaxy mass-size relation in CARLA clusters and proto-clusters at 1.4 < z < 2.8: Larger cluster galaxy sizes
Authors: Afanasiev Anton V. , Mei Simona , Fu Hao , Shankar Francesco , Amodeo Stefania , Stern Daniel , Cooke Elizabeth A. , Gonzalez Anthony H. , Noirot Gaël , Rettura Alessandro , Wylezalek Dominika , De Breuck Carlos , Hatch Nina A. , Stanford Spencer A. , Vernet Joël
Published: November 2022

We study the galaxy mass-size relation in 15 spectroscopically confirmed clusters at 1.4 < z < 2.8 from the CARLA survey. Our clusters span a total stellar mass in the range 11.3 < log(M*c/M⊙) < 12.6 (with an approximate halo mass in the range 13.5 ≲ log(Mhc/M⊙) ≲ 14.5). Our main finding is that cluster passive early-type galaxies (ETGs) at z ≳ 1.5 with a mass log(M/M⊙) > 10.5 are systematically ≳0.2 − 0.3dex larger (≳3σ) than field ETGs at a similar redshift and mass from the CANDELS survey. The passive ETG average size evolution with redshift is slower at 1 < z < 2 when compared to the field. This could be explained by early-epoch differences in the formation and early evolution of galaxies in haloes of a different mass, as predicted by models. It does not exclude that other physical mechanisms, such as strong compaction and gas dissipation in field galaxies, followed by a sequence of mergers may have also played a significant role in the field ETG evolution, but not necessarily in the evolution of cluster galaxies. Our passive ETG mass-size relation shows a tendency to flatten at 9.6 < log(M/M⊙) < 10.5, where the average size is log(Re/kpc) = 0.05 ± 0.22, which is broadly consistent with galaxy sizes in the field and in the local Universe. This implies that galaxies in the low end of the mass-size relation do not evolve much from z ∼ 2 to the present, and that their sizes evolve in a similar way in clusters and in the field. Brightest cluster galaxies lie on the same mass-size relation as satellites, suggesting that their size evolution is not different from satellites at redshift z ≳ 2. Half of the active early-type galaxies, which are 30% of our ETG sample, follow the field passive galaxy mass-size relation, and the other half follow the field active galaxy mass-size relation. These galaxies likely went through a recent merger or neighbor galaxy interaction, and would most probably quench at a later epoch and increase the fraction of passive ETGs in clusters. We do not observe a large population of compact galaxies (only one), as is observed in the field at these redshifts, implying that the galaxies in our clusters are not observed in an epoch close to their compaction.
The mixing of dust and gas in the high latitude translucent cloud MBM 40
Authors: Monaci Marco , Magnani Loris , Shore Steven N.
Published: November 2022

Context. High latitude molecular clouds (hereafter HLMCs) permit the study of interstellar gas dynamics and astrochemistry with good accuracy due to their proximity, generally clear lines of sight, and lack of internal star-forming activity which can heavily modify the physical context. MBM 40, one of the nearest HLMCs, has been extensively studied, making it a superb target to infer and study the dust-to-gas mixing ratio (DGMR).

Aims. The mixing of dust and gas in the interstellar medium remains a fundamental issue to keep track of astrochemistry evolution and molecular abundances. Accounting for both molecular and atomic gas is difficult because H2 is not directly observable and H I spectra always show different dynamical profiles blended together which are not directly correlated with the cloud. We used two independent strategies to infer the molecular and atomic gas column densities and compute the dust-to-gas mixing ratio.

Methods. We combined H I 21 cm and 12CO line observations with the IRAS 100 μm image to infer the dust-to-gas mixing ratio within the cloud. The cloud 21 cm profile was extracted using a hybrid Gaussian decomposition where 12CO was used to deduce the total molecular hydrogen column density. Infrared images were used to calculate the dust emission.

Results. The dust-to-gas mixing ratio is nearly uniform within the cloud as outlined by the hairpin structure. The total hydrogen column density and 100 μm emissivity are linearly correlated over a range in N(Htot) of one order of magnitude.
Die Weiterentwicklung der Homöopathie
Authors: Albrecht Daniela
Published: November 2022

Aus dem Blickwinkel der Generation, die mit dem Computer aufgewachsen ist, keine
Erinnerung mehr an eine Zeit ohne mobile Telefone hat und sich nicht vorstellen
kann, wie es ohne das Internet überhaupt möglich war, z. B.
an das Kinoprogramm, an Öffnungszeiten oder an einen Urlaub zu kommen, wirkt
die Homöopathie vermutlich etwas angestaubt und ein wenig aus der Zeit
gefallen.
The Role of Transforming Growth Factor Beta and Smad Receptors in Determining Prognosis in High-Grade Primary Brain Tumors: Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Gürsoy Güven , Barutçuoğlu Mustafa , Sivrikoz Oya Nermin , Gökalp Sevtap , Vatansever Seda
Published: November 2022

Introduction High-grade primary brain tumors cause serious morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to investigate the role of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad) receptors in high-grade primary brain tumors.

Material and Method Thirteen patients with a pathological diagnosis of glioblastoma multiforme were included in the study. Pathological preparations of each patient were analyzed retrospectively in histochemistry and immunohistochemistry laboratories. Transforming growth factor beta 1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, Smad 1/2/3, Smad 6, and Smad 7 stainings were evaluated, and the immunoreactivity densities were examined.

Result We found out an increase in the expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 protein. Regarding the inhibitin receptors, Smad 6 showed much more expression than Smad 7. Thus, we found that Smad 6 has a protective effect and role in the tissue. Immunhistochemically, TGF-β family stains, which are activated by types I-and -II receptors, and the stainless staining of the Smad family might also be showing that the TGF-β family is taking action with a secondary pathway other than the Smad family.

Conclusion In addition to Smad family receptors, Shc-GBR2, SARA, and Ras-Erk1/2 receptors should be investigated in future research. After that, the prognosis, diagnosis, and patient-based chemotherapy strategies for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme may take a more prominent role.
Gastbeitrag: Zeit zu handeln
Authors: Hollenstein-Humer Claudia
Published: November 2022

Das Gesundheitswesen trägt einen nicht unwesentlichen Beitrag zum Klimawandel bei. Auch Kliniken haben daher die Aufgabe nachhaltiges Verhalten vorzuleben.
Two years of nitrogen addition altered soil microbial community structure and function in a desert steppe of northern China
Authors: Lin Xiongkui , Wang Bo , Wu Xudong , Liu Jing , Zhang Zihao , Xiang Lingfei , Li Zhigang
Published: November 2022

Context Although nitrogen (N) deposition application has resulted in excess N entering grassland ecosystems, our understanding of how short-term N enrichment affects soil microbial community in a desert steppe is incomplete. Aims This study assessed the effects of 2 years of N addition on structure and function of soil microbial community at the soil depth of 0–10 cm in a desert steppe. Methods Six addition rates of N (equivalent to 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 40 g N m−2 year−1) were applied in a desert steppe of northern China, and the 16S rRNA and ITS1 genes were sequenced for the prokaryotic and fungal communities, respectively. Key results N addition altered prokaryotic taxa composition, but not fungal taxa composition and α-diversities of prokaryotic and fungal communities. N shifted microbial β-diversities, and prokaryotic β-diversity was more sensitive than fungal β-diversity. Abundances of predicted prokaryotic functions decreased as N rates increased, whereas predicted fungal functions presented no obvious variations among N additions. Predicted enzyme activities related to N cycling in prokaryotes were similar to fungi, but variations of C and P cycling-related enzyme activities were opposite to fungi. Additionally, phylum abundance, α-diversity, and β-diversity of prokaryotes were more closely influenced by soil and plant properties than fungi. Conclusions Two years of N addition altered both microbial community structure and function, but the prokaryotic community responded more sensitive than the fungal community. Implications Topsoil should be considered when exploring the impact of short-term N addition on soil microbial community in the desert steppe.
Autism attenuates the perception of the mind-body divide
Authors: Berent Iris , Theodore Rachel M. , Valencia Erick
Published: November 2022

People are intuitive Dualists—they tacitly consider the mind as ethereal, distinct from the body. Here we ask whether Dualism emerges naturally from the conflicting core principles that guide reasoning about objects, on the one hand, and about the minds of agents (theory of mind, ToM), on the other. To address this question, we explore Dualist reasoning in autism spectrum disorder (ASD)—a congenital disorder known to compromise ToM. If Dualism arises from ToM, then ASD ought to attenuate Dualism and promote Physicalism. In line with this prediction, Experiment 1 shows that, compared to controls, people with ASD are more likely to view psychological traits as embodied—as likely to manifest in a replica of one’s body. Experiment 2 demonstrates that, unlike controls, people with ASD do not consider thoughts as disembodied—as persistent in the afterlife (upon the body’s demise). If ASD promotes the perception of the psyche as embodied, and if (per Essentialism) embodiment suggests innateness, then ASD should further promote Nativism—this bias is shown in Experiment 3. Finally, Experiment 4 demonstrates that, in neurotypical (NT) participants, difficulties with ToM correlate with Physicalism. These results are the first to show that ASD attenuates Dualist reasoning and to link Dualism to ToM. These conclusions suggest that the mind-body distinction might be natural for people to entertain.
Determining the weldability window based on the interface morphologies formed during high-speed collision in magnetic pulse welding
Authors: Li Jishuai , Raoelison Rijia Nirina , Sapanathan Thaneshan , Rachik Mohamed
Published: November 2022

This paper aims to determine the weldability window in magnetic pulse welding, via computational and experimental analysis of the Al/Cu interface material response during the high-speed collision. The results reveal that the interface morphologies (straight, various type waves, vortices, cavities) arise from the differences in thermal and kinematic instabilities in between the aluminium side and copper side. The analysis of the percentage of straight and wavy morphologies based on the impact velocity versus impact angle allows to predict the weldability window which is potentially ‘L’ shaped with a convex shape tendency. Therefore, the proposed Eulerian model is robust enough to accurately predict the interface morphologies, and be used as tool to non-destructively depict the weldability window for an impact welding.
Characteristics of surface plasmonic modes in cylindrical chiral-graphene-dielectric waveguide structure
Authors: Zhang Yingjie , Li Junqing , Zhao Rui , Liu Xingguang
Published: November 2022

A cylindrical chiral-graphene-dielectric waveguide structure is proposed. Correspondingly, characteristics of surface plasmonic mode are theoretically investigated, including dispersion relation, intensity, phase and polarization distribution. The proposed waveguide can only support the vortex modes with the hybrid polarization distribution, which originates from the spin-momentum locking of evanescent electromagnetic waves. The circular birefringence of chiral materials releases the degeneracy between same-order vortex modes. In addition, the number of modes can be controlled by changing the radius of the dielectric nanowire and the Fermi level of graphene. The effective index and corresponding propagation length of the mode are sensitive to the chiral parameter. We believe the proposed waveguide can find some potential applications in multiplex communication, chiral sensing and the fabrication of tunable nano-photonic devices.
Surface plasmons in anisotropic 3D gapped topological insulators
Authors: Zhou Yu , Chen M N
Published: November 2022

Topological insulators (TIs) are materials having conductive surfaces but insulating bulk, which are ideal platforms for plasmonic applications. The most commonly known TIs, such as Bi2Se3 and Bi2Te3, are in fact highly anisotropic. The dielectric constants are largely different parallel and perpendicular to the surface. Here, we have extended the electromagnetic calculations of the surface plasmons in TIs to the anisotropic case. Magnetic field perpendicular to the surface is allowed, which opens a gap among the surface states. We model anisotropic TIs as bulk dielectric materials with different in-plane and out-of-plane permittivities; the surface states caused by the band inversion lead to a two-dimensional conductivity which supports surface plasmons. We have found two rather than one surface modes. Due to such anisotropy, quasi transverse electric (TE) polarized mode may occur near the interband transition threshold. Far below the transition frequency, another mode with both TE and transverse magnetic polarized components dominates, the dispersion relation of which is seriously modified by the Hall conductivity. By taking Bi2Te3 as an example, we have derived the conductivity tensor with the consideration of the hexagonal warping effect, and solved the above mentioned two surface plasmon modes. In the end, finite element method has been used to calculate the electric field distributions. Our extension of the electromagnetic calculations of surface plasmons including a specific kind of anisotropy might be useful in other surface conductive materials with similar symmetry as well.
3D simulations of inertial confinement fusion implosions part 1: inline modeling of polarized cross beam energy transfer and subsequent drive anomalies on OMEGA and NIF
Authors: Colaïtis A , Edgell D , Igumenshchev I , Turnbull D , Strozzi D J , Chapman T , Goncharov V , Froula D H
Published: November 2022

Inertial confinement fusion experiments are sensitive to cross-beam energy transfer (CBET), a laser-plasma instability that redistributes laser energy in the coronal plasma through self-generated ion acoustic wave (IAW) gratings. The detailed CBET coupling depends on the polarization state of the crossing wavefields. CBET itself can also scramble the beam polarizations by inducing ellipticity through the IAW grating, and rotating the seed polarization toward that of the pump. We develop a ray-based model that describes the polarized CBET coupling and that is compatible with the framework of 3D inline radiative hydrodynamics simulations. The model is implemented in the ASTER/IFRIIT code and verified against an academic test case and an offline polarized CBET post-processor. It is then applied to the detailed configuration of the distributed polarization rotator system on OMEGA, where results highlight how polarized CBET induces significant low modes in the collisional absorption source term. Finally, the modeling is applied to a simple indirect-drive configuration, comparing CBET calculations with 96 unpolarized or polarized beams with 24 unpolarized quads. It is shown that these cases produce similar power amplification per cone of beams grouped with similar polar angles. However, the 96 beam geometry itself is found to reduce azimuthal variations in quad power after the interaction and favors beams with larger polar angles within the cones, an effect that is amplified by the polarized CBET. Application of the model to inline calculations of OMEGA implosions are presented in a companion paper.
The capture of injected 1+ ions in charge breeder electron cyclotron resonance ion source plasma
Authors: Tarvainen O , Angot J , Thuillier T , Migliore M , Maunoury L , Chauveau P
Published: November 2022

The capture process of the 1+ ions in charge breeder electron cyclotron resonance ion sources has been attributed to cumulative small-angle scattering of the incident ions in ion–ion collisions with the buffer gas ions. The model results in controversy between the plasma potential and ion temperature values derived from simulations, and those found in the experiments. We demonstrate that the 1+ ion capture process is dominated by the slowing down of the incident ions by the ambipolar plasma potential, which has previously been assigned with a secondary importance. In this revised view, supported by experimental data, the 1+ capture does not depend on the mass of the injected and plasma ion species, or the ion temperature, which resolves the disagreement between modelling and experiments.
A novel two degree of freedom single magnet bistable energy harvester based on internal resonance
Authors: Huang Wenbin , Chen Zhiwen , Lin Wanrong , Wang Sijia , Xie Zhengqiu
Published: November 2022

Up to now, many nonlinear techniques such as bistable structure have been used to harvest vibration energy from the environment to achieve a wide response bandwidth. However, most bistable harvesters require two opposing magnets to form the potential energy function, which limits the miniaturization of the harvesters. In this paper, a two-degree-of-freedom U-shaped single magnet bistable energy harvester (SMBEH) based on the internal resonance technique is proposed. The harvester consists of a U-shaped beam, a magnet and a tip mass. The governing equations of the system are derived and the output performance of the harvester is obtained through numerical simulation and experiments which are in good agreement. The proposed SMBEH can achieve low frequency energy harvesting by utilizing a 1:2 internal resonance. When the excitation amplitude is equal to 0.4 g, the SMBEH can produce a significant output in two frequency ranges from 7 Hz to 7.7 Hz and 11.7 Hz to 15.73 Hz, which broaden the output frequency band. In the end, the output performance of SMBEH at different resistances and the charging performance were verified, respectively.
Modelling anomalous diffusion in semi-infinite disordered systems and porous media
Authors: Metzler Ralf , Rajyaguru Ashish , Berkowitz Brian
Published: November 2022

For an effectively one-dimensional, semi-infinite disordered system connected to a reservoir of tracer particles kept at constant concentration, we provide the dynamics of the concentration profile. Technically, we start with the Montroll–Weiss equation of a continuous time random walk with a scale-free waiting time density. From this we pass to a formulation in terms of the fractional diffusion equation for the concentration profileC(x,t)in a semi-infinite space for the boundary conditionC(0,t)=C0, using a subordination approach. From this we deduce the tracer flux and the so-called breakthrough curve (BTC) at a given distance from the tracer source. In particular, BTCs are routinely measured in geophysical contexts but are also of interest in single-particle tracking experiments. For the ‘residual’ BTCs, given by1−P(x,t), we demonstrate a long-time power-law behaviour that can be compared conveniently to experimental measurements. For completeness we also derive expressions for the moments in this constant-concentration boundary condition.
Observation of multiple rotons and multidirectional roton-like dispersion relations in acoustic metamaterials
Authors: Zhu Zhenxiao , Gao Zhen , Liu Gui-Geng , Ge Yong , Wang Yin , Xi Xiang , Yan Bei , Chen Fujia , Shum Perry Ping , Sun Hong-xiang , Yang Yihao
Published: November 2022

Roton dispersion relations were firstly predicted by Landau and have been extensively explored in correlated quantum systems at low temperatures. Recently, the roton-like dispersion relations were theoretically extended to classical acoustics, which, however, have remained elusive in reality. Here, we report the experimental observation of roton-like dispersions in acoustic metamaterials with beyond-nearest-neighbour interactions at ambient temperatures. The resulting metamaterial supports multiple coexisting modes with different wavevectors and group velocities at the same frequency and broadband backward waves, analogous to the ‘return flow’ termed by Feynman in the context of rotons. By increasing the order of long-range interaction, we observe multiple rotons on a single dispersion band, which have never appeared in Landau’s prediction or any other condensed-matter or classical-wave studies. Moreover, we have also theoretically proposed and experimentally observed multidirectional roton-like dispersion relations in a two-dimensional nonlocal acoustic metamaterial. The realization of roton-like dispersions in metamaterials could pave the way to explore novel physics and applications on quantum-inspired phenomena in classical systems.
The Simulation Analysis of IGBT Module Based on COMSOL
Authors: Qiu Guoqing , Wang Wei , Xu Shengyou , Yang Xin , Jiang Kedi
Published: November 2022

IGBT, as the core device of high-capacity power electronic equipment, its stability is directly relevant to the normal operation of the equipment. It would cause system failure and major security incidents if aging failure phenomenon occurs. A complex multi-physical field coupling process is involved in the aging failure of IGBT. Based on Comsol software, this paper conducts a series of simulations on IGBT module model SKM50GB12T4, and also improves the simulation of the solder layer voids by combining with related literature on materials science to provide a basis for subsequent research on IGBT.
Research on reactive power optimization of distributed photovoltaic power distribution based on improved PSO algorithm
Authors: Chen Shuhao , Yuan Ting , Lin Fei
Published: November 2022

When photovoltaic power is connected to the distribution network, its power status will change due to its instability. However, some reactive power optimization methods only optimize a single index, ignoring the overall complexity of the power grid and under the influence of the limitation of the optimization algorithm, resulting in a poor reactive power optimization effect. The improved PSO algorithm is used to study the reactive power optimization of distributed PV power distribution. The power flow of PV access is calculated by analyzing the influence mechanism of PV access. After improving the PSO algorithm by niche, Tabu search algorithm, and trigonometric function, the multi-objective reactive power optimization model was solved to realize the distribution reactive power optimization under the influence of photovoltaic access. In the experimental study of the reactive power optimization effect of the IEE333 network, the total voltage deviation of network nodes optimized by the improved PSO algorithm is reduced by about 59.06%, which effectively reduces the power grid energy damage and improves the optimization efficiency.