bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ultra-Low Dose Amiodarone Reduces Tumor Growth and Angiogenesis
Authors: Steinberg Eliana , Fluksman Arnon , Zemmour Chalom , Karsch-Bluman Adi , Brill-Karniely Yifat , Tischenko Katerina , Birsner Amy E , D'Amato Robert J , Benny Ofra
Published: June 2020

Background: Pre-clinical studies suggest that Amiodarone induces cytotoxicity in several types of cancer cells, thus making it a potential candidate for use as an anti-cancer treatment. In this study, we examined Amiodarone's effects on glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly aggressive and hypervascularized cancer. We hypothesized that Amiodarone would show an anti-angiogenic effect on GBM in addition to its previously suggested anti-cancer activity, and that an ultra-low dose would be both effective and possibly avert the drug’s side effects. Methods: The anti-cancer activity of Amiodarone was assessed by several in vitro assays using GBM cells. This included cytotoxicity, proliferation, transwell migration, Anoikis, colony-formation and three-dimensional (3D) spheroid growth assays. The anti-angiogenic effect of Amiodarone was tested on endothelial cells, using toxicity, proliferation, migration and tube formation in vitro assays. The anti-cancer and anti-angiogenic activity of Amiodarone was examined in vivo on three different murine models. C57BL/6J mice were utilized for the corneal neovascularization model and the Matrigel plug assay. Foxn1 nu mice were inoculated with GBM cells and used for the GBM tumor xenograft model.Results: In this study, we showed that Amiodarone has a significant anti-cancer and anti-angiogenic activity in vitro. Moreover, ultra-low dose Amiodarone markedly reduced the size of GBM xenograft tumors and displayed a strong anti-angiogenic effect in vivo. Conclusions: Our results strongly suggest that Amiodarone possess dual cancer fighting properties.
Long Non-Coding RNA HCP5 Functions as A Sponger of miR-29b-3p and Promotes Cell Growth and Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Upregulating DNMT3A
Authors: Zhou Yongping , Li Kuan , Dai Tu , Wang Hong , Hua Zhiyuan , Bian Wuyang , Wang Hao , Chen Fangming , Ai Xiaoming
Published: June 2020

Background: Multiple researches have revealed that long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) served as regulatory factor in modulating tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we demonstrated that lncRNA HCP5 was a tumor promoting factor of HCC, and the molecular mechanism of HCP5 has been elucidated at length.Methods: BrdU, transwell assay and flow cytometry were exerted to estimate cell growth, metastasis, invasion and apoptosis of HCC in vitro. Animal studies were performed the effect of HCP5 in vivo. Furthermore, we identified that miR-29b-3p interacted with HCP5 or DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) using dual luciferase assay. qRT-PCR, western blot, BrdU, tanswell and flow cytometry assays were used to investigate the correlation of HCP5/miR-29b-3p/DNMT3A axis. Results: In present research, we elaborated that HCP5 was overexpressed in HCC tissues and cell lines, and this phenomenon was even obvious in metastatic and recurrent cases. Knockdown of HCP5 significantly alleviated cell growth, metastasis and invasion through preventing apoptosis and activating EMT progress. Moreover, miR-29b-3p has been identified as a negatively regulatory target gene of HCP5, which served as tumor suppressor of HCC to prevent cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Subsequently, DNMT3A was found as a downstream regulatory factor of miR-29b-3p, of which study found that a participated element of HCC progression by activating AKT phosphorylation.Conclusion: Generally, our study elucidated for the first time that HCP5 plays a crucial role in HCC via HCP5/ miR-29b-3p/DNMT3A/AKT axis and demonstrated a novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategy with potentiality.
Use of wearable sensors to assess compliance of asthmatic children in response to lockdown measures for the COVID-19 epidemic
Authors: Kouis Panayiotis , Michanikou Antonis , Anagnostopoulou Pinelopi , Galanakis Emmanouil , Michaelidou Eleni , Dimitriou Helen , Matthaiou Andreas , Kinni Paraskevi , Achilleos Souzana , Zacharatos Harris , Papatheodorou Stefania , Koutrakis Petros , Nikolopoulos Georgios K. , Yiallouros Panayiotis
Published: June 2020

Between March and April 2020, Cyprus and Greece health authorities enforced three escalated levels of public health interventions to control the COVID-19 pandemic. We quantified compliance of asthmatic schoolchildren from both countries to intervention levels, using wearable sensors to continuously track personal location and physical activity. Changes in ‘fraction time spent at home’ and ‘total steps/day’ were assessed with a mixed-effects model adjusting for confounders. We observed significant mean increases in ‘fraction time spent at home’ in Cyprus and Greece, during each intervention level by 41.4% and 14.3% (level 1), 48.7% and 23.1% (level 2) and 45.2% and 32.0% (level 3), respectively. Physical activity in Cyprus and Greece demonstrated significant mean decreases by -2,531 and -1,191 (level 1), -3,638 and -2,337 (level 2) and -3,644 and -1,961 (level 3) total steps/day, respectively. We also report significant independent effects of weekends and age on fraction time spent at home and weekends, age, humidity and gender on physical activity. We suggest that wearable technology provides objective, continuous, real-time location and activity data making possible to inform in a timely manner public health ofﬁcials on compliance to various tiers of public health interventions during a pandemic.
Overcoming Limitations in the Availability of Swabs Systems Used for SARS-CoV-2 Laboratory Diagnostics
Authors: Nairz Manfred , Bellmann-Weiler Rosa , Ladstätter Miriam , Schüllner Falko , Zimmermann Martina , Koller Anna-Maria , Blunder Silvia , Naschberger Helene , Klotz Werner , Herold Manfred , Kerndler Sylvia , Jeske Martina , Haschka David , Petzer Verena , Schroll Andrea , Sonnweber Thomas , Tancevski Ivan , Fritsche Gernot , Araujo Mariana E. G. de , Stasyk Taras , Huber Lukas A. , Griesmacher Andrea , Theurl Igor , Weiss Günter
Published: June 2020

The diagnosis of COVID-19 relies on the direct detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in respiratory specimens by RT-PCR. The pandemic spread of the disease caused an imbalance between demand and supply of materials and reagents needed for diagnostic purposes including swab sets. In a comparative effectiveness study, we conducted serial follow-up swabs in hospitalized laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients. We assessed the diagnostic performance of an in-house system developed according to recommendations by the US CDC. In a total of 96 swabs, we found significant differences in the accuracy of the different swab systems to generate a positive result in SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR, ranging from around 50 to 80%. Of note, an in-house swab system was superior to most commercially available sets as reflected by significantly lower Ct values of viral genes. Thus, a simple combination of broadly available materials may enable diagnostic laboratories to bypass global limitations in the supply of swab sets.
Intravenous administration of tranexamic acid to reduce blood loss during perioperative period in acetabular fracture surgery
Authors: Wang ZhiDong , Wang ZhenHeng , Yang Huilin , Zhu RuoFu , Chen GuangDong , Li Mao , Shi WeiDong
Published: June 2020

Backgroud:

some studys have reported that topical use of TXA can reduce perioperative blood loss in acetabular fracture surgery. We aim to investigate the effect of intravenous administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) on perioperative blood loss during acetabular fracture surgery
Methods

From January 2016 to May 2020, 85 patients undergoing surgical treatment with intravenous TXA administration for acetabular fractures at our department were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups according to dosage of TXA: Single treatment group: patients receiving intravenous infusion of TXA (15 mg/kg) 20 min before surgery (n = 33), repeated treatment group: patients receiving intravenous infusion of TXA (15 mg/kg) 20 min before surgery and intravenous infusion of TXA (10 mg/kg) at 3 h (n = 26), and multiple treatment group: patients receiving intravenous infusion of TXA (15 mg/kg) 20 min before surgery and intravenous infusion of TXA (10 mg/kg) at 3 and 6 h (n = 26). Total blood loss, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hemoglobin drop, surgery-related transfusion rate, postoperative thrombosis rate, and operation time were compared among these three groups
Results

Total blood loss, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative hemoglobin drop, and drainage volume in the single treatment group, repeated treatment group, and multiple treatment group were 932.7.0 ± 181.8 ml, 624.2 ± 138.7 ml, 32.2 ± 5.3 g/l, and 100.1 ± 30.1 ml; 843.4 ± 153.0 ml, 567.3 ± 144.1 ml, 27.6 ± 3.8 g/l, and 86.1 ± 42.2 ml; and 748.0 ± 145.2 ml, 521.1 ± 98.1 ml, 24.4 ± 4.4 g/l, and 64.8 ± 29.0 ml, respectively; the values were significantly different between groups (P < 0.05). The surgery-related blood transfusion rates in the single treatment, repeated treatment, and multiple treatment groups were 51.5% (17/33), 23.0% (6/26), 19.2% (5/26), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in surgery-related blood transfusion rates between groups
Conclusions

Intravenous administration of TXA in acetabular fracture surgery can reduce total blood loss, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative hemoglobin drop without increasing the risk of venous thrombosis. Multiple administrations before surgery, and at 3 h and 6 h during surgery are more effective than single and repeated administration
Percepción de pobreza en los integrantes de un flujo migratorio emergente. Narrativas transnacionales entre Tres Valles y Kansas
Authors: Sánchez Carballo Alfredo , Cogco-Calderón Rogelio Adolfo
Published: June 2020

Este artículo presenta el resultado de un trabajo de investigación sobre la percepción de pobreza en los integrantes de un flujo migratorio emergente transnacional (Tres Valles, Veracruz en México y Kansas, Estados Unidos). El estudio se desarrolló con un diseño metodológico cualitativo, con el uso de técnicas como la revisión documental, entrevistas a profundidad y semiestructuradas y observación participante, entre 2014 y 2016. Los hallazgos se presentan a partir del análisis de las narrativas de los entrevistados y la consideración de dimensiones como la conceptualización de pobreza, los ingresos, la comparación de pobreza en el lugar de origen y destino y los requerimientos necesarios para ser considerado como pobre. Una de las conclusiones es que la forma en que se percibe la pobreza es el resultado de las dinámicas migratorias transnacionales en la que se han involucrado los tresvallenses.
Industria 4.0 en la minería mexicana
Authors: Robles Ruth , Foladori Guillermo , Záyago Lau Édgar
Published: June 2020

El artículo reseña los últimos avances tecnológicos en la minería mexicana y sus implicaciones socioeconómicas y ambientales. Las grandes empresas mineras han automatizado algunas actividades, la tendencia ahora es la colocación de servicios de telecomunicaciones en todos los espacios para digitalizar, integrar, automatizar y controlar todo el proceso minero. Estos avances muestran: una gran extranjerización de la minería, una inversión constante en equipo, un fuerte proceso de concentración y centralización del capital, una tendencia a la reducción del empleo, y un relegamiento en la mejora de las condiciones laborales y ambientales.
O papel do (a) Psicólogo (a) na Unidade Básica de Saúde sob uma Perspectiva da Psicologia da Saúde
Authors: PINHEIRO GOMES MARIA HELENA , BERNARDO DENIZE , BATISTA SILVEIRA BÁRBARA
Published: June 2020

Este artigo de revisão da literatura especializada tem como objetivo trazer a discussão das práticas da psicologia da saúde dentro da Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS).  Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa, através da busca ativa de informações em livros, revistas e artigos acadêmicos. A partir do levantamento da literatura revisada, evidenciamos a grande necessidade da atuação do (a) psicólogo (a) na Unidade Básica de Saúde. A psicologia na UBS é voltada para o acolhimento e a escuta terapêutica, e tem como proposta oferecer uma importante contribuição na abordagem contextualizada e integral dos indivíduos, familiares e toda a comunidade assistida. Diferenciando-se de uma prática curativa e individualizante, as ações estão voltadas para a promoção da autonomia, conscientização e empoderamento, visando à transformação social e melhora na qualidade de vida dentro do processo saúde-doença.

Palavras-chave: Psicólogo. Psicologia da Saúde. Unidade Básica da Saúde.
Comparação das taxas de mortalidade entre o tratamento conservador e cirúrgico de traumatismo cranioencefálico e suas complicações no período de Janeiro de 2015 a Março de 2019, no estado do Rio de Janeiro.
Authors: Coelho Sarah
Published: June 2020

O traumatismo cranioencefálico consiste em lesão física ao tecido cerebral que, temporária ou permanente, incapacita a função cerebral sendo uma das principais causas de morte e de invalidez no mundo, especialmente em crianças e jovens adultos com idade inferior a 45 anos. Sendo mais prevalentes em homens, as causas abrangem quedas, acidentes e violência. A partir de uma pesquisa do tipo epidemiológica, descritiva, foram analisados dados do DATASUS a respeito de internações por traumatismos cranianos na população internada na rede pública hospitalar no Rio de Janeiro no período de janeiro de 2015 a Março de 2019. É evidente que a melhor conduta é investir em medidas de prevenção, incluindo o uso de tecnologia para proteger aqueles que sofrem acidentes de automóvel, tais como cintos de segurança e capacetes de desporto ou de moto, bem como os esforços para reduzir o número de acidentes de automóvel, tais como programas de educação de segurança e aplicação das leis de trânsito. O diagnóstico é suspeitado clinicamente e confirmado por imagens, geralmente pela tomografia computadorizada. Foi observado que a maioria das vítimas de traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) são tratados de forma conservadora, sendo evidenciado taxas de mortalidade menores se comparado ao do tratamento cirúrgico.
Coagulação intravascular disseminada e covid-19: mecanismos fisiopatológicos
Authors: Orsini Marco Antônio , Stephanie Fernandes do Nascimento Jacqueline , Santos Moraes Nunes Nicolle , Fernandes do Nascimento Janie Kelly , Azizi Marco , Cardoso Carlos Eduardo , Alves Pereira Tassiane Maria
Published: June 2020

Introdução: A coagulação intravascular disseminada (CIVD) é, atualmente, definida como uma síndrome adquirida, caracterizada pela ativação difusa da coagulação intravascular, levando à formação e deposição de fibrina na microvasculatura.  Há relatos de coagulopatia relacionada à Covid-19, doença pelo novo coronavírus SARS-CoV-2. Método: Atualização da Literatura acerca da associação entre Covid-19 e a presença de CIVD nas bases dados LIlacs, Bireme, Pubmed (inglês e português) no presente ano.Discussão: Alguns autores vêm estudando o papel da anticoagulação no manejo dos pacientes com infecção grave e (CIVD). Dados de inúmeras pesquisas sugerem efeitos benéficos do uso de anticoagulantes, o que vem sendo recomendado em algumas instituições no Brasil e no mundo. Vale ressaltar que a eficácia da medida ainda não foi validada. Conclusão: Até o presente momento não existem recomendações precisas em relação ao manejo dos pacientes com coagulopatia por Covid-19. Além disso, são excassos os dados na literatura que associam o uso de anticoagulantes ou antiplaquetários à ocorrência ou gravidade da Covid-19.
Modeling and Research of Resistance Characteristics of an Interlocking Side Milling Cutter with a Constructive Radial Feed When Processing Extended RK-profile Shafts
Authors: Kuts V. V. , Ponomaryov V. V.
Published: June 2020

Purpose of research. The study is devoted to improving the resistance characteristics of an interlocking side milling cutter with a constructive radial feed when processing extended RK profile shafts while maintaining the required quality of surface treatment.

Methods. Forming of RK profiles by milling with a disk cutter with a constructive radial feed allows you to obtain the required surface quality with high processing productivity. Due to the fact that the processing conditions for each cutting insert are different, it is necessary to study the resistance of interchangeable polyhedral inserts (IPI) and to search for structural solutions to reduce the range of change in resistance, while maintaining the quality of surface treatment of the PK profile. The influence of the use of an uneven pitch of location both on the quality of processing and on the resistance of each individual insert is studied.

Results. The paper presents a method for calculating the resistance of an IPI of a interlocking side milling cutter during processing of an extended RK profile of a shaft, taking into account the individual conditions of their operation, namely: cutting speed, feed to the tooth, milling width and the diametrical position of the IPI

Conclusion. The analysis of the influence of the structural parameters of the cutter on changing the range of values of the resistance of IPI is made, and recommendations for its reduction are proposed. The main design parameters that affect the change in the resistance range are also identified.
Chip Breaking During Automated Processing by Cutting Hard-to-Work Steels by Integrated Use of Chip Breaking Tools and High-Temperature Embrittlement
Authors: Artamonov E. V. , Vasil'yev D. V. , Chernyshov M. O.
Published: June 2020

Purpose of research is to increase productivity when cutting hard-to-work steels by integrated use of chip breaking tool geometry and cutting modes, which reduce the viscous properties of the chips and the processed material. The article discusses the problems of mechanical processing of parts of oil production equipment at enterprises in Western Siberia. It is presented the main condition for ensuring chip crushing and revealed the problem of low efficiency of existing methods in modern industry, to one degree or another guiding, curling and chip-cutting method.

Methods. Simulation modeling, calculation of chip direction and crushing were performed; effective methods for solving the problem of chip crushing during the machining of parts made of materials with corrosion-resistant, heat-resistant properties were identified; laboratory, persistent tests of the complex method were carried out.

Results of studying the mechanism of chip formation during processing by cutting heat-resistant and corrosionresistant alloys are given here. To solve the problem, we have formulated two tasks that were solved using information taken from the theory of material resistance, tensile diagrams when testing samples of corrosionresistant, heat-resistant materials with high operational properties. A chip breaking exchangeable insert with a variable rake angle is designed and presented. The results and analysis of laboratory test data, in which a plate with chip breaking geometry of the front surface is used, are presented, the operating conditions of effective chip breaking are shown. The conclusions on the solution of the first problem are formulated, it is shown that the determining factor in chip breaking is the physical and mechanical characteristics of the processed material, which vary with different cutting conditions.

Conclusion. The work shows that chip removal from the cutting zone prevents it from entering the cutting edge area, reducing impact loads on it and improving the quality of machining. It is possible to form stress concentrators in the chips, leading to chip self-destruction even when processing viscous heat-resistant alloys. The hypothesis is used that the temperature conditions for the maximum workability of heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant steels and alloys correspond to the conditions of high-temperature embrittlement, with the help of which it is possible to create conditions for effective chip crushing and conditions for maximum workability when cutting heat-resistant steels and alloys.
Flow from a source above a sloping base
Authors: Shraida Shaymaa Mukhlif , Hocking Graeme
Published: June 2020

We consider the outflow of water from the peak of a triangular ridge into a channel of finite depth. Solutions are computed for different flow rates and bottom angles. A numerical method is used to compute the flow from the source for small values of flow rate and it is found that there is a maximum flow rate beyond which steady solutions do not seem to exist. Limiting flows are computed for each geometrical configuration. One application of this work is as a model of saline water being returned to the ocean after desalination.
References

Craya, A. ''Theoretical research on the flow of nonhomogeneous fluids''. La Houille Blanche, (1):22–55, 1949. doi:10.1051/lhb/1949017
Dun, C. R. and Hocking, G. C. ''Withdrawal of fluid through a line sink beneath a free surface above a sloping boundary''. J. Eng. Math. 29:1–10, 1995. doi:10.1007/bf00046379
Hocking, G. ''Cusp-like free-surface flows due to a submerged source or sink in the presence of a flat or sloping bottom''. ANZIAM J. 26:470–486, 1985. doi:10.1017/s0334270000004665
Hocking, G. C. and Forbes, L. K. ''Subcritical free-surface flow caused by a line source in a fluid of finite depth''. J. Eng. Math. 26:455-466, 1992. doi:10.1007/bf00042763
Hocking, G. C. ''Supercritical withdrawal from a two-layer fluid through a line sink", J. Fluid Mech. 297:37–47, 1995. doi:10.1017/s0022112095002990
Hocking, G. C., Nguyen, H. H. N., Forbes, L. K. and Stokes,T. E. ''The effect of surface tension on free surface flow induced by a point sink''. ANZIAM J., 57:417–428, 2016. doi:10.1017/S1446181116000018
Landrini, M. and Tyvand, P. A. ''Generation of water waves and bores by impulsive bottom flux'', J. Eng. Math. 39(1–4):131-170, 2001. doi:10.1023/A:1004857624937
Lustri, C. J., McCue, S. W. and Chapman, S. J. ''Exponential asymptotics of free surface flow due to a line source''. IMA J. Appl. Math., 78(4):697–713, 2013. doi:10.1093/imamat/hxt016
Stokes, T. E., Hocking, G. C. and Forbes, L.K. ''Unsteady free surface flow induced by a line sink in a fluid of finite depth'', Comp. Fluids, 37(3):236–249, 2008. doi:10.1016/j.compfluid.2007.06.002
Tuck, E. O. and Vanden-Broeck, J.-M. ''A cusp-like free-surface flow due to a submerged source or sink''. ANZIAM J. 25:443–450, 1984. doi:10.1017/s0334270000004197
Vanden-Broeck, J.-M., Schwartz, L. W. and Tuck, E. O. ''Divergent low-Froude-number series expansion of nonlinear free-surface flow problems". Proc. Roy. Soc. A., 361(1705):207–224, 1978. doi:10.1098/rspa.1978.0099
Vanden-Broeck, J.-M. and Keller, J. B. ''Free surface flow due to a sink'', J. Fluid Mech, 175:109–117, 1987. doi:10.1017/s0022112087000314
Yih, C.-S. Stratified flows. Academic Press, New York, 1980. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-771050-1.X5001-3
The Association Between App-Administered Depression Assessments and Suicidal Ideation in User Comments: Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: DeForte Shelly , Huang Yungui , Bourgeois Tran , Hussain Syed-Amad , Lin Simon
Published: June 2020

Background

Many people use apps to help understand and manage their depression symptoms. App-administered questionnaires for the symptoms of depression, such as the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, are easy to score and implement in an app, but may not be accompanied by essential resources and access needed to provide proper support and avoid potential harm.

Objective

Our primary goal was to evaluate the differences in risks and helpfulness associated with using an app to self-diagnose depression, comparing assessment-only apps with multifeatured apps. We also investigated whether, what, and how additional app features may mitigate potential risks.

Methods

In this retrospective observational study, we identified apps in the Google Play store that provided a depression assessment as a feature and had at least five user comments. We separated apps into two categories based on those having only a depression assessment versus those that offered additional supportive features. We conducted theoretical thematic analyses over the user reviews, with thematic coding indicating the helpfulness of the app, the presence of suicidal ideation, and how and why the apps were used. We compared the results across the two categories of apps and analyzed the differences using chi-square statistical tests.

Results

We evaluated 6 apps; 3 provided only a depression assessment (assessment only), and 3 provided features in addition to self-assessment (multifeatured). User comments for assessment-only apps indicated significantly more suicidal ideation or self-harm (n=31, 9.4%) compared to comments for multifeatured apps (n=48, 2.3%; X21=43.88, P<.001). Users of multifeatured apps were over three times more likely than assessment-only app users to comment in favor of the app’s helpfulness, likely due to features like mood tracking, journaling, and informational resources (n=56, 17% vs n=1223, 59% respectively; X21=200.36, P<.001). The number of users under the age of 18 years was significantly higher among assessment-only app users (n=40, 12%) than multifeatured app users (n=9, 0.04%; X21=189.09, P<.001).

Conclusions

Apps that diagnose depression by self-assessment without context or other supportive features are more likely to be used by those under 18 years of age and more likely to be associated with increased user distress and potential harm. Depression self-assessments in apps should be implemented with caution and accompanied by evidence-based capabilities that establish proper context, increase self-empowerment, and encourage users to seek clinical diagnostics and outside help.
Closing the Gap Between Mammalian and Invertebrate Peripheral Nerve Injury: Protocol for a Novel Nerve Repair
Authors: Vest Maxwell , Guida Addison , Colombini Cory , Cordes Kristina , Pena Diana , Maki Marwa , Briones Michael , Antonio Sabrina , Hollifield Carmen , Tian Elli , James Lucas , Borashan Christian , Woodson Johnnie , Rovig John , Shihadeh Hanaa , Karabachev Alexander , Brosious John , Pistorio Ashley
Published: June 2020

Background

Outcomes after peripheral nerve injuries are poor despite current nerve repair techniques. Currently, there is no conclusive evidence that mammalian axons are capable of spontaneous fusion after transection. Notably, certain invertebrate species are able to auto-fuse after transection. Although mammalian axonal auto-fusion has not been observed experimentally, no mammalian study to date has demonstrated regenerating axolemmal membranes contacting intact distal segment axolemmal membranes to determine whether mammalian peripheral nerve axons have the intrinsic mechanisms necessary to auto-fuse after transection.

Objective

This study aims to assess fusion competence between regenerating axons and intact distal segment axons by enhancing axon regeneration, delaying Wallerian degeneration, limiting the immune response, and preventing myelin obstruction.

Methods

This study will use a rat sciatic nerve model to evaluate the effects of a novel peripheral nerve repair protocol on behavioral, electrophysiologic, and morphologic parameters. This protocol consists of a variety of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative interventions. Fusion will be assessed with electrophysiological conduction of action potentials across the repaired transection site. Axon-axon contact will be assessed with transmission electron microscopy. Behavioral recovery will be analyzed with the sciatic functional index. A total of 36 rats will be used for this study. The experimental group will use 24 rats and the negative control group will use 12 rats. For both the experimental and negative control groups, there will be both a behavior group and another group that will undergo electrophysiological and morphological analysis. The primary end point will be the presence or absence of action potentials across the lesion site. Secondary end points will include behavioral recovery with the sciatic functional index and morphological analysis of axon-axon contact between regenerating axons and intact distal segment axons.

Results

The author is in the process of grant funding and institutional review board approval as of March 2020. The final follow-up will be completed by December 2021.

Conclusions

In this study, the efficacy of the proposed novel peripheral nerve repair protocol will be evaluated using behavioral and electrophysiologic parameters. The author believes this study will provide information regarding whether spontaneous axon fusion is possible in mammals under the proper conditions. This information could potentially be translated to clinical trials if successful to improve outcomes after peripheral nerve injury.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/18706
Understanding the Association Between Electronic Health Record Satisfaction and the Well-Being of Nurses: Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Khairat Saif , Xi Lin , Liu Songzi , Shrestha Shilpa , Austin Charles
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

Intensive care unit (ICU) nurses experience high levels of burnout related to the high-stress environment. Management of electronic health records (EHR) is a contributing factor to physician burnout. However, limited research has established the relationship between the nurse’s well-being and EHR use.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to examine the association between EHR use and the well-being of nurses.

METHODS

We surveyed registered nurses employed at a major Southeastern medical center in the United States about their demographics, experience with EHRs, satisfaction with EHRs, and elements of well-being. The correlation between subgroup demographics and survey questions was examined using Kendall and Fisher tests.

RESULTS

A total of 113 ICU registered nurses responded to the survey, of which 93 (82.3%) were females. The population had a mean age of 35.18 years (SD 10.65). A significant association was found between satisfaction and well-being scores, where higher EHR satisfaction was associated with higher self-reported well-being (correlation 0.35, P<.001). Nurses who were unhappy with the time spent in EHR use compared with direct patient care reported higher levels of stress (P<.001) and isolation (P=.009). Older nurses reported higher dissatisfaction with the amount of time spent on EHR tasks related to direct patient care compared to younger nurses (P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Although nurses reported acceptable satisfaction scores with EHR use, deeper analysis suggests that EHR indirectly affects the well-being of nurses. These findings strongly indicate that lower EHR satisfaction can impact the well-being of nurses. More research is needed to optimize the nurse-EHR experience through more user-centered design approaches.
Perceived Impacts, Acceptability, and Recommendations for Ecological Momentary Assessment Among Youth Experiencing Homelessness: Qualitative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Acorda Darlene , Businelle Michael , Santa Maria Diane
Published: June 2020

BACKGROUND

The use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to study youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) behaviors is an emerging area of research. Despite high rates of participation and potential clinical utility, few studies have investigated the acceptability and recommendations for EMA from the YEH perspective.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to describe the perceived benefits, usability, acceptability, and barriers to the use of EMA from the homeless youth perspective.

METHODS

YEH were recruited from a larger EMA study. Semistructured exit interviews were performed using an interview guide that focused on the YEH experience with the EMA app, and included perceived barriers and recommendations for future studies. Data analyses used an inductive approach with thematic analysis to identify major themes and subthemes.

RESULTS

A total of 18 YEH aged 19-24 years participated in individual and group exit interviews. The EMA was highly acceptable to YEH and they found the app and EMA surveys easy to navigate. Perceived benefits included increased behavioral and emotional awareness with some YEH reporting a decrease in their high-risk behaviors as a result of participation. Another significant perceived benefit was the ability to use the phones for social support and make connections to family, friends, and potential employers. Barriers were primarily survey and technology related. Survey-related barriers included the redundancy of questions, the lack of customizable responses, and the timing of survey prompts. Technology-related barriers included the “freezing” of the app, battery charge, and connectivity issues. Recommendations for future studies included the need to provide real-time mental health support for symptomatic youth, to create individually customized questions, and to test the use of personalized motivational messages that respond to the EMA data in real time.

CONCLUSIONS

YEH are highly receptive to the use of EMA in studies. Further studies are warranted to understand the impact of EMA on YEH behaviors. Incorporating the YEH perspective into the design and implementation of EMA studies may help minimize barriers, increase acceptability, and improve participation rates in this hard-to-reach, disconnected population.
FIRST RECORD OF TIGER SHRIMP (PENAEUS MONODON FABRICIUS, 1798), IN THE SOUTH-CENTRAL COAST OF VERACRUZ, GULF OF MEXICO
Authors: Morán-Silva Ángel , Jiménez-Badillo María De Lourdes , Cházaro-Olvera Sergio , Meiners César , Galindo-Cortes Gabriela , Oviedo Pérez Jorge Luis
Published: June 2020

The first exotic specimen of Penaeus monodon (tiger shrimp) was recorded in the most important shrimp fishing ground of Veracruz, Mexico. In February 2014, one individual of 29 cm LT was collected at 90 m depth off South-central coast of Veracruz at 22 Km northwest of Coatzacoalcos port and 150 Km southeast from Alvarado. The tiger shrimp was introduced in Cuba in 1986 for cultivation. In 2013 the presence of nine individuals in the Campeche coast was reported. This recording evidence the movement of P. monodon into the Gulf of Mexico which is a concern because of their possible impact on local shrimp populations and their ecosystem.
Clase invertida de espectroscopía: una experiencia en el marco de un Programa de Excelencia para Bachillerato
Authors: Peña Martínez Juan , Gómez Gómez Beatriz , Rosales Conrado Noelia
Published: June 2020

En el presente trabajo se describe una experiencia didáctica en un curso de Bachillerato, perteneciente al Programa de Excelencia, de un centro escolar de la Comunidad de Madrid (España). Mediante un modelo de clase invertida o flipped classroom (de su traducción en inglés), se abordaron los fundamentos relacionados con las técnicas de análisis espectroscópico y se realizaron actividades experimentales como la preparación de un espectroscopio “casero”. Tras la intervención, se llevó a cabo una encuesta de satisfacción para conocer la percepción de los estudiantes sobre las actividades realizadas y sobre el modelo de enseñanza-aprendizaje aplicado. Los alumnos han valorado positivamente la nueva metodología, si bien, su aplicación ha generado un cierto desconcierto que puede generar dudas a la hora de aplicar el enfoque de clase invertida a otras asignaturas. 
Precisão da montagem em articulador de modelos com cobertura acrílica (Accutrac) usando diferentes tipos de gesso
Authors: Lopes L. A. Z , Gil C. , Mezzomo E.
Published: June 2020

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar a alteração da posição do modelo superior quando fixado ao articulador por meio de três tipos de gessos. Um modelo com base de resina acrílica foi elaborado com a finalidade de simular os sistemas de troquel como o AccuTrac (Whaledent, USA), que apresentam uma base plastica sobre o modelo de gesso, impedindo o contato do mesmo com o material de fixação. O modelo foi fixado ao articulador usando três tipos de gesso, Grupo 1 (gesso comum - Ultra-cal herodent, Vigodent), Grupo 2 (gesso pedra - Herodent Soli-Rock, Vigodent) e Grupo 3 (gesso pedra especial - Vel-Mix, Kerr). Dez montagens foram feitas com cada tipo de gesso. O movimento do modelo decorrente da alteração dimensional do gesso de montagem foi registrado com o uso de quatro relógios comparadores de precisão micrométrica (Mitutoyo Corporation, Japan), sendo três posicionados sobre o ramo superior do articulador e um sob o modelo. Os resultados, submetidos a analise de variância, complementada pelo teste de Tukey em nível de 5%, mostraram que todos os Grupos apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre si. O Grupo 4 foi o único que apresentou uma contração media predominante (- 3mm ± 3,7). Os Grupos 2 e 3 apresentaram uma expansão media predominante, porem o Grupo 3 (124mm ± 9,5) indicou uma expansão significativamente maior do que o Grupo 2 (55mm ± 3,2). Os resultados permitiram concluir que a menor alteração de posicao do modelo ocorreu quando o gesso especial foi usado (Grupo 4).
Editorial da Faculdade de Odontologia da UFRGS
Authors: Barbachan J. J. Dos
Published: June 2020

As Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior estão incluídas no Sistema Público Federal. A analise desse sistema mostra, por parte da administração governamental, um desprezo quase que absoluto, uma vez que a carreira de professor exige uma dedicação muito grande e, muitas vezes, sacrifício de ordem pessoal para que as tarefas sejam bem executadas: a de transmitir conhecimento e gera-lo através da pesquisa. A pesquisa no Brasil se faz nas institui coes estatais. E nelas que se desenvolvem pesquisas de "ponta" e de base, cujo retorno não pode ser mensurado em unidades monetárias. E como se manifesta esse desprestigio a carreira? Através de "reformas administrativas" e de um achatamento salarial que torna impraticável o próprio sustento do pesquisador. As restrições orçamentarias são muito grandes o que torna difícil a administração das Unidades. Deste quadro, conclui-se que ha nítida intenção de desmanche das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior, justamente a onde uma classe menos favorecida da população ainda consegue buscar o conhecimento, uma vez que o ensino é público, gratuito e de qualidade. Pensa-se ate na perda da soberania da Nação, porque as Universidades desempenham o papel de gerar conhecimento, a fim de não ficarmos na dependência exclusiva de conhecimentos gerados em outras nações. Nós estamos dando o grito de alerta, mas continuamos firmes na luta para manter a Universidade pública, gratuita e de qualidade. Inclusive esta revista, cuja periodicidade é possível gracas ao financiamento feito pelos cursos de pós-graduação "lato sensu" desta Faculdade, é a evidencia que ainda temos condições de lutar e tornar público o conhecimento que se gera nessa Casa.
GREEN SYNTHESIS, ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITIES OF AgNPs PREPARED FROM THE LEAF EXTRACT OF Eucalyptus camaldulensis
Authors: ÇETİNTAŞ Yunus , NADEEM Said , SAKALLI Esin , ELİUZ Elif , ÖZLER Mehmet
Published: June 2020

Herein we report the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (EcAgNPs) from water fraction (Ecs), obtained from methanol extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis at room conditions. UV-vis, HR-TEM and SEM-EDS devices were used to characterize the EcAgNPs. The UV-visible spectrum of EcAgNPs showed surface plasmon resonance peak at 420 nm. HR-TEM images showed that the EcAgNPs were spherical with a diameter in the range 3.7-29.6 nm. Ag+ ions were reduced to Ago by phytochemicals in the without adding external reducing agent. The presence of biomolecules in the Ecs was investigated by UPLC-MS/MS that detected gallic acid (20.26±0.10 ppb) and quercetin (12.4±0.08 ppb) as major constituents. The antimicrobial activities of Ecs and synthesized EcAgNPs were tested on Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus strains and Candida albicans yeast. Ecs exhibited antimicrobial activity as MIC between 16.2 and 129.3 mg mL-1 while EcAgNP showed MIC between 6.31 and 14.65 µgmL-1. The cytotoxicity of both Ecs and EcAgNPs on A549, HT29 and MDA-MB-231 cancer cell lines was tested by MTT. EcAgNPs showed more significant anticancer activity on MDA-MB-231, HT29 and A549 cancer cell lines (8.10±0.01, 5.08±0.01 and 18.58±0.03 µg mL-1) than Ecs (219.70±0.73, 916.24±0.67, 999.30±1.86 µg mL-1) and it should be investigated for use in various therapeutics.
Temporary Repair Prior to Permanent Repair of Silicone Tunneled Central Venous Catheters in Intestinal Failure Patients
Authors: Hovda Davis Mary Beth , Santhana Velarchana , Rahhal Riad
Published: June 2020

Highlights

Repeated central venous catheter (CVC) replacement is costly, invasive, requires sedation, and can contribute to loss of a vascular access. It is therefore prudent to attempt to salvage damaged CVCs through repair when possible. Identifying potential etiologies for CVC damage, such as CVC occlusion, is critical, as failure to do so would likely result in unsuccessful repair and further interventions, including CVC exchange/replacement. By introducing the step of a temporary repair, the clinician has the advantage of recognizing the presence of intraluminal CVC occlusion and addressing that through thrombolytic therapy. Once patency in achieved, a permanent repair can be performed.
Bedehus, vekkelse og bevegelse
Authors: Løvlie Birger
Published: June 2020

I andre halvdel av 1800-tallet ble Vestlandet kirkelig sett preget av en voksende lekmannsbevegelse. Bevegelsen vokste parallelt med andre bevegelser, og tok opp i seg kampen for nynorsk målføre. Forbindelsen til den vestnorske reformbevegelsen er også tydelig, noe som kom til syne på et lekmannsmøte i Ålesund i 1893. I Volda kom det til konflikt mellom radikale lekfolk og stedets sokneprest. Konflikten viser at lekfolket fikk kulturell makt i allianse med blant annet forkjemperne for nynorsk.
Why the public need a say in how patient data are Used for Covid-19 Responses
Authors: Aitken Mhairi , Cunningham-Burley Sarah , Darlington Amy , Elstub Stephen , Escobar Oliver , Jones Kerina , Sethi Nayha , Thompson Rachel
Published: June 2020

The global coronavirus pandemic has clearly demonstrated the great urgency to collect and use patient data effectively to understand, track and manage the spread of Covid-19. The value of patient data in this pandemic is undeniable, however considerations around how - and by whom - such data should be collected, accessed and used, and for what purposes, remain to be fully debated and resolved. Who decides, and how such decisions are made remain unclear. We argue that public engagement and deliberation are essential for good governance and are key to establish and maintain a legitimate social licence for data practices around Covid-19.
Como o tempo fluido da geração Z aniquila as camadas históricas em troca da experiência instantânea
Authors: Teixeira Pollyana Ferrari , Alvares Luiz Felipe Napole de Haro
Published: June 2020

Este artigo propõe discutir a influência da geração Z na sociedade contemporânea, seus impactos nas relações sociais e na comunicação de massa – principalmente na indústria do entretenimento, diante dessa nova forma de linguagem que estabelece um outro paradigma de tempo –, e suas distorções com os meios propagadores de mensagem. Neste momento, presenciamos níveis interacionais de usos distintos da tecnologia de geração para geração, e, mesmo ainda não sabendo quais são as implicações para o ser humano do ponto de vista das patologias, o mercado do entretenimento é o ponto central de nossa questão. Buscamos mapear como o tempo fluido aniquila camadas históricas em troca da experiência instantânea, iluminando a relação entre aspectos da vida cotidiana contemporânea e as respectivas modificações de grupos sociais geracionais, tendo como objeto de comparação o olhar do diretor de cinema Quentin Tarantino, no filme Era uma vez... em Hollywood. Utilizamos conceitos de Byung-Chul Han para liso e belo, dialogando com a Sociedade do Espetáculo de Guy Debord. Entendendo que não há volta no processo de integração das tecnologias digitais, a geração Z estabeleceu suas relações nas telas cada vez mais lisas dos dispositivos móveis, subtraindo parte da linguagem, e coloca isso como modelo para outras gerações. A tecnologia deste tempo permite, ainda, haver novas maneiras de contato, criando um mecanismo capaz de encontrar um outro que não seja nosso espelho. Esse estado simultâneo é a chave para pensarmos a experiência que ensina a se rebelar contra aquilo que se aceita como condição comum e censura o belo.
Branched nanofibers for biodegradable facemasks by double bubble electrospinning
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Ain Qura Tul , HuanHe Ji
Published: June 2020

World health organization (WHO) data shows that air pollution kills an estimated seven million people worldwide every year. A nanofiber based biodegradable facemask can keep breath from smoke and other particles suspended in the air. In this study, we propose branched polymeric nanofibers as a biodegradable material for air filters and facemasks. Fibers have been elecrospun using double bubble electrospinning technique. Biodegradable polymers, PVA and PVP were used in our experiment. Two tubes, each filled with one of the polymers, were supplied with air from the bottom to form bubbles of polymer solutions. DC 35-40 kV was used to deposit the fibers on an aluminum foil. Results show that the combination of polymers under specific conditions produced branched fibers with average nanofibers diameter of 495nm. FT-IR results indicate the new trends in the graph of composite nanofibers.
Effects of lifestyle on physical health in Slovak university students
Authors: Duranková Silvia , Csanády Alexander , Ždiľová Anna , Bernasovská Jarmila , Buková Alena
Published: June 2020

Overweight and obesity in childhood and young people represent a large global health problem. Therefore, the main aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of overweight/obesity by body mass index (BMI) and its associated lifestyle factors among university students in Slovakia. The BMI index was examined in relation to nine life factors for both sexes, respectively, in a sample of 200 (108 men and 92 women) young university students from Slovakia. The data were obtained using anthropometric measurements and by means of a questionnaire. The results for BMI values confirmed that both sexes were classified into the “about right” weight category. Analysis of the BMI values and questionnaire data showed different results for both sexes. While the type of daily activity and type of physical activity were associated with greater obesity for men, in women, tobacco intake was an important.
Assessing the Impact of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) on Growth Performance, Anti-Oxidative, and Immune Activities in Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
Authors: Ahmadifar Ehsan , Hoseinifar Seyed Hossein , Adineh Hosein , Moghadam Mohsen Shahriari , Dawood Mahmoud A.O.
Published: June 2020

In this study, the basal diet was supplemented with ethanolic extract of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and the possible effects on growth performance, anti-oxidative, and immune activities of grass carp were evaluated. Fish with initial weight 1.23 ± 0.11 g were randomly divided into four groups (triplicates) and fed purslane extract at 0% (T0), 0.5% (T1), 1% (T2), and 1.5% (T3) for 56 days. At the end of the feeding trial, the results showed that growth parameters were enhanced in T1 groups compared to the control group (P<0.05). Lipase activity in T1 and T2 groups increased, whereas no significant changes were noticed in cases of amylase and protease activities (P>0.05). Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were enhanced in all groups fed the supplemented diets in comparison with the control group (P<0.05). However, no significant alteration was noticed in the case of glutathione peroxidase activity following the administration of purslane extract (P>0.05). A significant increase in total immunoglobulin level was noted in the T1 group, but lysozyme activity was higher in T1 and T2 groups compared to the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of grass carp diet with the purslane ethanolic extract, especially at 0.5%, can improve growth performance, lipase activity, the antioxidant enzyme activities as well as the immune response of grass carp fingerlings.