bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the lifecycle of solar panels including raw material sourcing, manufacturing, and end-of-life disposal
Authors: Asadullah Muhammad Hossain Saad
Published: October 2024

The lifecycle of photovoltaic systems, encompassing the procurement of raw materials, manufacturing processes, and eventual disposal at the end of their operational lifespan, presents considerable ecological challenges notwithstanding their contribution to the enhancement of renewable energy sources. This research offers an exhaustive examination of the ecological ramifications associated with each phase of the lifecycle of photovoltaic systems. The extraction of essential materials, including silicon, silver, and rare earth metals, necessitates energy-demanding processes and leads to resource depletion, while the manufacturing phase is associated with the emission of greenhouse gases and resource consumption, particularly in the fabrication of crystalline silicon panels. The disposal at the end of life is becoming increasingly significant, as retired panels accumulate, and existing recycling technologies provide minimal recovery of valuable materials. Despite the substantial reduction in greenhouse gas emissions attributable to solar panels throughout their operational lifespan, there is a pressing need for enhancements in material efficiency, manufacturing methodologies, and recycling frameworks to mitigate their lifecycle repercussions. The investigation underscores the imperative for sustainable methodologies, circular economy paradigms, and policy measures to guarantee the enduring environmental sustainability of solar energy.
Ensuring safety and monitoring adverse events in clinical trials: Challenges and innovations
Authors: Shaik Harun Rasheed
Published: October 2024

Safety and adverse events (AEs) monitoring in clinical trials are critical to ensuring participant safety and the successful development of new therapies. Effective monitoring not only protects patients but also helps identify any risks associated with the investigational product. This paper elaborates on the methodologies used to detect, categorize, and report adverse events during clinical trials, and how these processes are governed by stringent regulatory frameworks. Additionally, the discussion highlights the role of pharmacovigilance systems, the ethical obligations researchers face in AE reporting, and the technological innovations that are transforming safety monitoring. Challenges, including under-reporting, data variability, and interpretation difficulties, are examined in depth. Ultimately, advancements in real-time data collection, adaptive trial designs, and artificial intelligence (AI) are promising to improve the accuracy and timeliness of adverse event monitoring, shaping the future of clinical research and patient safety.
Judgmental the Identity of New York Times between Al Jazeera on Indonesia General Election: Appraisal Framework
Authors: Hanief Ibnu Hudzaifah , Khaidir Nor Shahira Binti
Published: October 2024

This study aims to identify the terminology Al Jazeera and the New York Times used in their news reports on the 2024 Indonesian General Election, which had many candidates. In particular, this article identifies the data gathered from the appraisal system's components of attitude judgment (Martin & White, 2005), described in interpersonal (Martin & Rose, 2007). The number of negative judgments is much higher than the number of positive judgments. Out of the 21 total data, 76.2% are identified as negative judgments with 16 data, while the remaining 23.8% are positive judgments with 5 data. Once the analysis is carried out thoroughly, it is found that 80.9% of the data is categorized under social esteem, and the other 19.1% falls under social sanction. There are indications that the disparity between the positive and negative judgments is because of the controversy that preceded and followed the 2024 Indonesian General Election, in which Gibran, the President’s son, nominated Prabowo as a candidate and won the general election. This study's language assessment (appraisal) tries to identify two forms of judgment in four online international newspaper segments.
Sempre più in basso: l’evoluzione nel tempo dei target per il colesterolo LDL nel diabete
Authors: Mannucci Edoardo
Published: October 2024

The reduction of LDL cholesterol is associated with a reduction in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with no apparent threshold. The availability of new effective cholesterol-lowering drugs has induced Scientific Societies to recommend much lower targets for LDL cholesterol. Targets are differentiated on the basis of cardiovascular risk (the higher the risk, the lower the target). However, the determination of actual risk levels is problematic, particularly in the elderly. Clinical judgement is needed to adapt recommendations and identify proper targets in individual patients.
Exploring The Determinants of theLearning Management System (LMS) Quality of Use in TVET Institutions
Authors:   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Mahat Jazihan , Ismail Norhafizah ,   Politeknik Mersing, Ghazali Norliza ,   Universiti Putra Malaysia, Habibi Akhmad ,   Universitas Jambi
Published: October 2024

Learning Management Systems (LMS) have emerged as a vital tool in the modern educational landscapeby providing a platform for seamless teaching and learning experiences. However, the factors influencing LMS quality of use remain under-explored, particularly in TVET settings. This study aims to explore the factors influencing the quality of LMS use with anemphasis on three key dimensions: information, system, and service quality. The study draws on the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Social Cognitive Theory, Diffusion of Innovations Theory, and DeLone and McLean Information System Success Model by incorporating constructs such as compatibility, application self-efficacy, subjective norm, technological complexity, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use. The data was analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM) on a sample of 372 students from Malaysian Polytechnic institutions. The findings indicated compatibility, subjective norm, technological complexity significantly influence perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Application self-efficacy was observed to have a significant effect on perceived ease of use, but not on perceived usefulness. Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use demonstrated a significant relationship on the LMS quality of use. This study highlights the various factors of LMS quality of use, providing useful insights for stakeholders seeking to improve the utilisation of LMS in academic settings, especially in TVET environments.
Implementing Technology Leadership Competency Standards for School Leaders: Enhancing Educational Quality in the Digital Age
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Kamaruddin Noormawati , Abbas@Ahmad Lutfiah Natrah ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: October 2024

Technological advancements are profoundly impacting various aspects of life, including education. This study investigates the necessity of Technology Leadership Competency Standards for school leaders to facilitate technology integration in schools. Employing a qualitative approach with basic interpretive methods, the study gathered insights through expert interviews. The findings indicate that Technology Leadership Competency Standards for School Leaders are essential for enhancing educational quality in the digital age, providing structured guidance, and fostering uniformity in technology use across schools. Expert insights reveal that these standards significantly improve leadership skills, support professional development, and create a clear framework for effectively integrating technology into educational practices. Implementing these standards ensures schools are prepared for future technological challenges and fosters ongoing growth and innovation in education.
Tahap Efikasi Kendiri dan Hubungannya Dengan Peningkatan Kompetensi Guru RBT Di Maktab Rendah Sains MARA
Authors:   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Hussein Md Turiman , Nur Yunus Faizal Amin ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: October 2024

Tahap efikasi dan kompetensi guru sentiasa menjadi perbahasan penting dalam usaha memastikan guru kekal kompeten bagi melaksanakan tanggungjawab keguruan yang penuh dengan cabaran. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untukmengenalpasti tahap efikasi guru danhubungannya denganpeningkatan kompetensi guru-guru di MRSM. Reka bentuk kajian adalah secara kaedah tinjauan dengan menggunakan soal selidik. Kaedah persampelan berperingkat dalam kalangan guru MRSM digunakan untuk pemilihan sampel. Ia dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistic Procedure for Social Science 25.0 untuk menganalisis dapatan deskriptif dan inferensi.Kajian mendapati tahap efikasi kendiri guru di MRSMberada pada tahap tinggi iaitu (M=7.32,SP=0.93).Melalui analisiskorelasi Pearsonjugamenjadi buktiterdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara efikasi gurudengan peningkatan kompetensi guru iaitu tahap signifikan p<.01, nilai korelasi pearson ditunjukkan adalah r=.529.Dapatan kajian ini juga membuktikan bahawa kaedah pengajarandalamdomainefikasiguru-guru diMRSM menjadiperamalutamaterhadappeningkatan kompetensi.Dapatankajianjugamemberikanpengetahuanbergunakepadaguru, pihak pengurusan MRSMdan mereka yang terlibat dalam memastikan efikasigurusentiasa berada pada tahaptinggiyang akan memberi kesanterhadap peningkatan kompetensi guru.
WETLAND AND BIOCULTURAL HERITAGE REGENERATION THROUGH THEMATIC ECOLOGICAL TOURISM PRACTICE: THE CASE OF PATAN SUB-DISTRICT, KHUN TAN DISTRICT, CHIANG RAI, THAILAND
Authors:   Tourism, Hospitality and Event Research Group, School of Management, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand, YIAMJANYA Siripen , KANKAEW Kannapat ,   International College, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand, SITIKARN Bussaba ,   School of Management, Tourism Department, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand, NAKPATHOM Parinya ,   International College, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand, AWAIN Ali Mohsin Salim Ba ,   Department of Business Administration, University of Technology and Applied Science, Salalah, Oman, JABJAINAI Teerarat ,   Thai Program, School of Oriental Languages, Jilin International Studies University, Jilin, China
Published: October 2024

The tourism managed and operated by local communities has evidently been a significant phenomenon in the 21st century, and therefore it is one of the challenging units in the tourism value chain. This study investigates the initiative of community ecological tourism and proposes a framework of ecological tourism development. The inductive approach utilizes field survey, in-depth interviews, participatory observation, focus group discussion with key tourism partners. The concept of public private partnership (PPP) was applied. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was employed to rank the criteria for ecological tourism development. The structural equation modelling (SEM), as a quantitative approach, was used to foster the factors collected from the focus group. There are six criteria identified for sustainable ecological tourism development including: environmental, economic, sociocultural, visitor experiences, infrastructure and logistics, and sustainability. Other six factors enhance ecological tourism development namely: budget, knowledge, technological system, participation, community factors, and social factors. Stakeholders highlight environment and community participation for sustainable development. Still, the local residents lack knowledge on tourism management. Based on the findings, the sustainable ecological tourism development framework for Patan was constructed. Future success factors that should be essentially developed involve inventory of local data that will be useful for establishing identity and meaning making, local individuals’ learning and understanding of their local knowledge, training and tourism interpretation and narratives for story-telling of its cultural landscape.
ANALYSIS OF TOURISTS' RISK PERCEPTIONS IN TOUR DESTINATION SELECTION: BANGLADESH ECOTOURISM PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   College of Business Administration, International University of Business Agriculture and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh, RAHMAN Mohammad Moshiur , HAQUE Ahasanul ,   Department of Business Administration, Kulliyyah of Economics and Management Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: October 2024

Ecotourism is the sustainable choice of natural resources with the potential for low-cost funding approaches. As ecologically and socially responsible tourism, it promotes biodiversity while conserving the environment and society. To encourage the development of ecotourism and the advancement of indigenous communities and their resources, it is essential to examine the factors tourists consider when selecting a destination. Therefore, this study explores the critical factors of potential risk in selecting ecotourism destinations in the narrow and specific sphere. As a quantitative study, it used a sample of 377 tourists to investigate the relationship between different constructs. In this regard, SPSS-AMOS was used for data analysis. The findings highlight the importance of factors that influence tourists' decisions, which are greatly affected by risk factors; thus, it is also imperative for the Bangladesh government, policymakers, and tourism management to address this, leading to an upsurge of tourists in ecotourism destinations. These are also crucial for assisting stakeholders in understand ing how tourists perceive and guide ecotourism potential and reducing the impact of confrontations.
Tomographic meter of methane concentration on surface routers
Authors:   Fryazino branch of Kotelnikov IRE RAS, 141190, Moscow region, Fryazino, pl. Academician Vvedensky, 1, Grigorievsky V.I. , Tezadov Ya.A. ,   Fryazino branch of Kotelnikov IRE RAS, 141190, Moscow region, Fryazino, pl. Academician Vvedensky, 1
Published: October 2024

Using a prototype of a remote lidar created in the laboratory for measuring methane concentration, a study of the distribution of methane along a route ~ 2.25 km long was carried out in order to localize gas emissions and control leaks in unfavorable areas. The lidar prototype, operating at a wavelength of 1653 nm, included a powerful Raman amplifier and made it possible to measure the distance to the reflection point with an accuracy of no worse than 50 meters. The lidar scanned the track, starting from short distances and ending with measurements along the entire measured track. The route included a near zone with modern multi-storey buildings without gas infrastructure, a middle zone with multi-storey buildings and gas infrastructure, as well as an extended forest area ending with a busy highway with heavy traffic. That is, it was possible to assess the contribution of each zone to the background methane concentration along the route. Observations were carried out during the winter-spring period and were carried out at different times of the day under weather conditions that were recorded. Processing of the results showed a significantly different contribution of each zone to the average concentration on the route. The contribution of the middle zone with multi-storey buildings equipped with gas infrastructure turned out to be especially large, which suggests a possible gas leak from the gas distribution system in this area. On average, the background concentration of methane on this route repeated the value measured in 2023 during the same seasonal period in 2023.
Drowning in Hegel or the Baptism of Philosophy
Authors: Kuran Daniel
Published: October 2024

In this contribution, I will focus on Hegel’s presentation of the practice of baptism as found in his work, The Spirit of Christianity and its Fate. First, I contextualize the motif of baptism in its variegated forms in the New Testament and especially in Paul’s theology (Rom 6:4). Subsequently, I situate Hegel’s engagement with baptism in his early philosophy of religion, demonstrating how he refers to biblical accounts of baptism and then transforms them. My thesis is that Hegel transformed baptism from a biblical motif in his Early Theological Writings into an entrance into philosophical thought, as can be observed repeatedly in several of his later works such as the Lectures on the History of Philosophy, the Encyclopedia of Philosophical Sciences and the Phenomenology of Spirit.
Role of oxidative stress in the occurrence of periodontitis in the background of metabolically associated diseases
Authors: Emelyanova N. Y.
Published: October 2024

Oxidative stress is an important component of slow pathological inflammation in metabolic diseases and chronic periodontitis. Periodontal diseases are interrelated with somatic pathology. This results in both local and systemic inflammatory reactions, which increases the risk of the onset and progression of somatic diseases. Psychological stress associated with oxidative stress with increased production of oxidants and oxidative damage is an important factor in the etiology of both periodontitis and metabolic disorders.
Objective — to analyze the possible bond between chronic periodontitis, 8‑hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‑OHdG), as a biomarker of oxidative stress, and cortisol in persons with metabolic‑associated diseases.
Materials and methods. 68 people were surveyed, of which 47 had metabolically ‑associated diseases that were diagnosed according to domestic and international criteria. The control group consisted of systematically healthy people, representative by age and article that did not receive dental therapeutic and preventive measures for the last 6 months. The diagnosis of «chronic periodontitis» was carried out in accordance with existing recommendations provided at World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri­Implant Diseases and Conditions (2017). The concentration of 8‑OHdG in plasma and the level of saliva cortisol were measured by the immunoenzyme method according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The arithmetic mean, standard error, and Student’s t‑test were calculated to compare the characteristics. Pearson’s correlation test was used to identify the relationship between the indicators.
Results. Each of the groups had patients who had a healthy periodontium and those who had chronic periodontitis. The 8‑OHdG level in the main group was much higher (p<0.001) than in the control group, and the difference in the concentration of 8‑OHdG was also observed between those patients who had periodontal disease and those who had a healthy periodontium. The level of salivary cortisol in patients with chronic periodontitis was much higher compared to patients with clinically healthy periodontium (p=0.00). A correlation was found between cortisol levels and the presence of periodontal disease (r=0.619; p=0.00), between plasma 8OHdG levels and the epithelial attachment loss index (r=0.537; p=0.00), the hygiene index (r=0.599; p=0.00), and between 8OHdG levels and salivary cortisol concentrations (r=0.292; p=0.036).
Conclusions. Oxidative stress plays an important role in delayed pathological inflammation in both metabolic diseases and chronic periodontitis. 8‑OHdG is a key and universal biomarker for the evaluation of DNA oxidative damage. There is a positive relationship between the oxidative marker, periodontitis and cortisol.
Features of diagnosis and treatment of a polytrauma victim with predominant closed chest trauma with lung and diaphragm rupture. Clinical case
Authors: Khoroshun E. M. , Makarov V. V. , Negoduyko V. V. , Shypilov S. A. , Borodai V. O. , Petiunin O. H.
Published: October 2024

The article describes a clinical case and presents clinical signs of traumatic rupture of the diaphragm and lung on the background of a wave‑like course of the postoperative period. Open diaphragmatic injuries are more common than closed ones. In this case, the closed chest and abdominal trauma was sustained as a result of a road traffic accident. The injury was combined and severe, with signs of traumatic shock. The location of the diaphragmatic injury was on the right side, which is less common. The severe condition of the patient with respiratory failure (respiratory rate over 30 per minute) was an indication for artificial lung ventilation, which made it impossible to take complaints and anamnesis.
The individual spatial topography of the diaphragm depends on the size and location of the abdominal organs, body structure, and depends on the line of examination. The movement of internal organs into the pleural cavity indicates a diaphragmatic rupture, but in this case, the extrahepatic location of the diaphragmatic defect was covered by the liver, the lower lobe of the right lung, and adhesions, which led to the cover­up of the diaphragmatic defect. Increased abdominal size due to polytrauma and mechanical ventilation in case of closed chest and abdominal trauma; increased air discharge through pleural drainage during video laparoscopy or increased abdominal size during video thoracoscopy; clamping of the pleural drainage with a spiral computed tomography of the chest and abdominal organs allows detecting pneumoperitoneum and pneumothorax, which indicates the presence of a defect in the diaphragm and lung. The use of video thoracoscopy, video laparoscopy, and spiral computed tomography does not always provide complete information about the existing damage to the diaphragm, so dynamic observation with control radiological examinations is preferred.
Type 3c diabetes mellitus: what are we dealing with? Review
Authors: Fadieienko G. D. , Gridnyev O. Y. , Buriakovska O. O.
Published: October 2024

The authors presented updated data on the term «type 3 diabetes mellitus», its modern classification, pathophysiological mechanisms of development and features of treatment, its definitions, epidemiology and modern classification based on the recommendations of the American Diabetes Association. Definitions and epidemiological features of acute pancreatitis and its most frequent complications, including 3c type diabetes have been described. Statistical data were presented on the risk of developing complications of acute pancreatitis in the form of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. Historical prerequisites of fatal complications of acute pancreatitis in the form of hyperglycemic states were also described. The pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of type 3c diabetes, namely local and systemic inflammation, loss of islet tissue of the pancreas, dysregulation of the insulin­­incretin axis, autoimmune destruction of β­cells of the pancreas, etc. were highlighted in detail. The role of genetic factors in the development of diabetes against the background of acute pancreatitis is described. Currently there are no standardized unified criteria of type 3c diabetes, thus the main and additional diagnostic criteria according to the different authors have been analyzed in detail. The differential characteristics and features of the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus by type and peculiarities of the diagnosis of type 1, 2 and 3c diabetes mellitus have been presented. The discussion on the glycemic target goals for patients with type 3c diabetes and the need for screening and prevention of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in patients with acute pancreatitis has been outlined. The authors provided current recommendations for the treatment of type 3c diabetes and discussed the possibilities of the use of insulin in the basis/bolus mode to achieve compensation of carbohydrate metabolism. The necessity to compensate pancreas exocrine insufficiency to improve the assimilation of fats and fat‑soluble vitamins has been emphasized.
Auxílio da ultrassonografia na punção de acesso venoso periférico: um protocolo de revisão de escopo
Authors: de Sousa Guedes Gomes Maria Daiana , Santos Estrela Correia Lima Maria Clara , De Carvalho Rufino Matheus Victor , Gomes Onofre de Araújo Eduarda , Marques Beserra Leticia Regina , De Medeiros Silva Januária , Laureano Dalle Piagge Carmem Silvia , Batista Mélo Cláudia
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Realizar uma análise sistemática da literatura sobre o papel da ultrassonografia na punção de acesso venoso periférico, seja como parte de um protocolo obrigatório ou como recurso adicional da punção venosa. Método: Este estudo adota um protocolo de revisão de escopo, seguindo as diretrizes do Manual do Instituto Joanna Briggs –JBI (Manual for Evidence Synthesis). A confiabilidade do método de revisão será garantida por meio da consulta às bases de dados: Scopus, Web Of Science, PubMed, Embase, além do uso do Google Scholar como fonte de literatura cinzenta. A organização das referências bibliográficas será feita através do gerenciador EndNote. Após a eliminação de estudos duplicados, a escolha dos estudos será realizada por três pesquisadores livres, conforme indicado no fluxograma. O processo de seleção será minuciosamente explicado, e as informações pertinentes serão retiradas dos estudos e registradas em uma planilha criada pelos autores no Microsoft Excel. Essas informações serão interpretadas e avaliadas de acordo com os objetivos estabelecidos. Os dados serão subsequentemente estruturados em tabelas, quadros e fluxogramas, os quais serão acompanhados por uma análise narrativa.
Diamine oxidase deficiency and its role in the pathogenesis of diseases
Authors: Shrayner E. V. , Khavkin A. I. , Bystrova V. I. , Lifshits G. I. , Denisov M. Yu.
Published: October 2024

Histamine intolerance is a disorder associated with impaired ability to absorb ingested histamine. Histaminosis occurs in 1-3% of the population. This condition was described at the beginning of the 21st century. This article provides an overview of histamine intolerance, mainly devoted to clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment.
Assessment of metabolic indicators of the cardiovascular system in children with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Murodova M. D. , Yuldashev B. A.
Published: October 2024

Objective: to evaluate the metabolic parameters of the cardiovascular system in nephrotic syndrome in children Material and methods: 110 children hospitalized with nephrotic syndrome in the nephrology department of the Samarkand Regional Children’s Multidisciplinary Medical Center were examined. Results: Renocardial syndrome with nephrotic syndrome develops in 64.8% of cases, the majority of patients are children 3-6 years of age (44.1%), with a predominance of boys (58.8%). In a cardiometric study in patients with nephrotic syndrome, renocardial syndrome is manifested by significant changes in metabolic and adaptation parameters: oxygen and lactate content - by 1.5 times, creatine phosphate - by 20%, tension index - by 4.8 times and vascular stiffness index - by 5.2 times. Conclusion: Deviation of cardiometry indicators in different age groups indicates a decrease in the intensity of blood circulation in organs and systems, indicating a significant load on the cardiovascular system in nephrotic syndrome.
Blood lactate in children with starged inguinal hernia
Authors: Soloviev A. E. , Kulchitsky O. A. , Shatsky V. N.
Published: October 2024

Target. To study the level of blood lactate in children with strangulated inguinal hernias (SIH). Material and methods. 46 boys with UPG under the age of 3 years were examined. The examination included anamnesis, examination, laboratory data, including blood lactate, ultrasound, Doppler sonography, examination of biopsy and surgical material. Results. Blood lactate in children of group 1 (up to 12 hours from the moment of strangulation) was 1.8±0.3 mmol/l, in children of group 2 (from 12 to 24 hours) - 2.5±0.2 mmol/l, in children of group 3 (after 24 hours) - 2.8±0.3 mmol/l. All children were operated on. In 6 children, bowel resection was performed; in 6, testicular infarction was detected. Discussion. A significant excess of normal blood lactate levels occurred in children with strangulated inguinal hernias who were admitted later than 12 hours from the moment of strangulation. Conclusion. The study of blood lactate in children with strangulated inguinal hernias can be used in the diagnosis of intestinal and testicular ischemia.
Stomach tumors in children
Authors: Soloviev A. E. , Shatsky V. N. , Kulchitsky O. A.
Published: October 2024

Aim of the study. To study the clinic, diagnosis and treatment of gastric tumors in children. Materials and methods. 13 children with stomach tumors were examined. Anamnesis collection, examination, analysis of laboratory, instrumental and radiological (including CT) data were performed. The biosimilar and operational material was studied. Results and discussion. Of the 13 children with gastric tumors, 12 were diagnosed with benign tumors: 3 had teratomas, 4 had hemangiomas, and 5 had glandular polyps. One boy was diagnosed with stomach cancer. Diseases are a casuistic find. The treatment is surgical. 3 clinical observations are given. Conclusion. The main symptom of gastric tumors in children is a palpable tumor in the epigastric region. Oncological alertness, endoscopy, ultrasound and CT are a reserve for improving diagnosis. The treatment is surgical.
Psychological characteristics of patients with pancreatitis as a factor in forming commitment to treatment
Authors: Yakovleva N. V. , Yakovlev V. V.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the psychological characteristics of patients with pancreatitis in order to determine possible targets for psychological correction. Increased rates of anxiety, sensitivity, egocentrism, as well as differences with the comparison sample in a number of coping strategies were revealed. The results obtained can be used to carry out psychocorrectional work in order to form the necessary level of adherence to treatment in patients with pancreatitis.
Study of variations in the origin and branching of the human dorsal pancreatic artery
Authors: Pavlov A. V. , Sekisova E. V. , Pronin N. A. , Vvedensky A. I. , Sychev V. V. , Dronova E. A.
Published: October 2024

In surgical practice, the human pancreas is conventionally divided into two major anatomical and surgical segments: the right (cephalo-cervical) and the left (corpore-caudal). Both of these segments are abundantly supplied with blood. The artery-first approach is widely used in pancreatic resections to avoid venous stasis and achieve reduced blood loss. The dorsal pancreatic artery participates in the blood supply of both segments with its branches, which makes its anatomical study relevant and promising for clinical medicine. The aim was to describe the main branches of the dorsal pancreatic artery and to determine the frequency of their occurrence in the studied cases. Materials and Methods. The work was performed on archival fixed material (n = 60) of duodenum-pancreas-spleen organ complexes with extra-organ vessels taken from the collection of the Department of Anatomy, RyazSMU. All organ complexes belonged to mature age people without pronounced pathology of the organs of the investigated area. The division by sex was not performed. Results. The dorsal pancreatic artery was identified in all cases studied. Most often (n = 40; 67%) it originated from the branches of the ventral trunk, less often (n = 18; 30%) it was a branch of the superior mesenteric artery and in two cases (3%). Despite the place of origin, its trunk diameter averaged 1.8 mm (min 1.6; max 2.0). The branches of this artery were most often directed towards the gland body (85% of cases), less often - towards the head (15%). Conclusion. The dorsal pancreatic artery is the main artery feeding the body and tail of the human pancreas. In the present study, its branches were more frequently recorded towards the body of the gland, despite the origin of the vessel. Despite the accumulated anatomical and clinical knowledge about the peculiarities of the origin and branching of the human dorsal pancreatic artery, the understanding of the principles of the direction of its branches remains open to researchers.
Non-small cell lung carcinoma. Clinical case
Authors: Kammaev K. A.
Published: October 2024

In 2020, 2.2 million new cases of lung cancer were reported. The main form of lung cancer is non-small cell carcinoma (85%). Non-small cell lung cancer has 3 subtypes: adenocarcinoma, large cell and squamous cell carcinoma. Squamous cell lung cancer occurs in 20-40% of all lung cancers. Squamous cell lung cancer is associated with an unfavorable outcome. 5-year survival rate not exceeding 18%.
Use of telemedicine technologies in organizing rehabilitation of patients with bronchopulmonary pathology. Myth or reality?
Authors: Ilyina E. A. , Belova G. V.
Published: October 2024

In 2013, telemedicine began to penetrate widely and actively into the activities of the medical community. Telerehabilitation acts as an alternative within the framework of considering and conducting traditional rehabilitation or as an additional therapeutic tool, which allows you to achieve the set goal of recovery faster and more effectively. During the period 2022-2023, 1,318 people participated in the telerehabilitation program: 712 patients who suffered pneumonia caused by the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, 606 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. During the course, not a single patient was hospitalized for an exacerbation of the disease or for a clinical deterioration of the condition. At the same time, there was a significant improvement in the calculated indicators, which confirmed the relevance of this area of medicine.
Large Language Model Benchmarks in Medical Tasks
Authors: Yan Lawrence K.Q. , Li Ming , Zhang Yichao , Yin Caitlyn Heqi , Fei Cheng , Peng Benji , Bi Ziqian , Feng Pohsun , Chen Keyu , Liu Junyu , Niu Qian
Published: October 2024

With the increasing application of large language models (LLMs) in the medical domain, evaluating these models' performance using benchmark datasets has become crucial. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of various benchmark datasets employed in medical LLM tasks. These datasets span multiple modalities including text, image, and multimodal benchmarks, focusing on different aspects of medical knowledge such as electronic health records (EHRs), doctor-patient dialogues, medical question-answering, and medical image captioning. The survey categorizes the datasets by modality, discussing their significance, data structure, and impact on the development of LLMs for clinical tasks such as diagnosis, report generation, and predictive decision support. Key benchmarks include MIMIC-III, MIMIC-IV, BioASQ, PubMedQA, and CheXpert, which have facilitated advancements in tasks like medical report generation, clinical summarization, and synthetic data generation. The paper summarizes the challenges and opportunities in leveraging these benchmarks for advancing multimodal medical intelligence, emphasizing the need for datasets with a greater degree of language diversity, structured omics data, and innovative approaches to synthesis. This work also provides a foundation for future research in the application of LLMs in medicine, contributing to the evolving field of medical artificial intelligence.
The role of historic global inequality in avoided climate destabilisation
Authors: Jalan Shrutee , Dhara Chirag , Chakravarty Shoibal , Bhar Soumyajit , Seshadri Ashwin K
Published: October 2024

In assessing responsibility for climate change, conventional metrics like cumulative and per-capita emissions do not capture the consequences of evolution of affluent lifestyles. Our study introduces a novel framework to assess the global mean surface warming that would have resulted if the historical lifestyles of individual countries had been the norm for the entire global population. We refer to the resultant warming as the carbon footprint temperature, Tcf. We find that universalising the carbon-intensive lifestyles of industrialised countries would have pushed the world beyond the 1.5°C threshold as early as the 1950s in some cases, and by the 2000s for many others, thereby risking significant destabilisation of the Earth's climate system. Our analysis concludes that the modest lifestyles of the global majority have contributed substantially to the experienced planetary stability, offering humanity a dual advantage: averting potential planetary destabilisation and providing a critical window for climate action extending from decades to a century. Accordingly, we argue that affluent entities with high carbon footprint temperatures ought to have transitioned to low or even negative emissions regimes already instead of consuming the remaining carbon space. Additionally, per capita emissions across the world need to converge to collectively self-determined levels that are well below those of current affluent lifestyles.
Bounding Knowledge Decay From Agnostic Temporal Generalization
Authors: Dimmery Drew , Munger Kevin
Published: October 2024

Causal generalization is essential to contemporary political science practice. We argue that recent methodological advances in causal generalization pay insufficient attention to issues which arise from generalization over time. For assumptions of varying degrees of strictness, we derive novel statistical bounds of the growing uncertainty of a given causal estimate into the future. We derive these bounds using the Wasserstein divergence which allows us to weaken assumptions of positivity which are not typically met in practice. In an empirical example, we demonstrate that actual variation in treatment effects over time tends to dominate reported statistical uncertainty. Once implicit and untenable assumptions about covariate distribution and conditional treatment effects are made explicit and relaxed, descriptive and causal knowledge are both essential for temporal causal generalization.
Application of machine learning methods to forecast petrophysical properties in basalts of the Serra Geral Group: Implications for carbon storage
Authors: Alves João Paulo , Riccomini Claudio
Published: October 2024

This study applies machine learning techniques for forecasting petrophysical properties (density, porosity, and permeability) in the basalts of the Serra Geral Group, located in the Paraná Basin, Brazil. These properties are crucial for the successful implementation of carbon capture and storage (CCS), an important technology to combat climate change. Employing machine learning models—XGBoost, Gradient Boosting, and Random Forest—the research aims to overcome the limitations of traditional empirical methods that often fail to capture the complex variabilities in basalt formations. The models were applied to 28 wells within the study area. The interpolation of the well data indicated that the northern region of the Serra Geral Group in the State of Santa Catarina exhibits optimal conditions for geological storage. From 600 to 900 m, the basalts present suitable intervals ranging from 7 to 22 m thick, with density lows of almost 2.1 g/cm³, high peaks of 17.8 % apparent porosity, and permeability of 55 μD. The results demonstrated significant improvements in accuracy of property predictions compared to empirical methods from the literature, highlighting the potential of machine learning to enhance the feasibility and reliability of CCS in basaltic formations. This study contributes to the ongoing efforts to optimize CCS technology by providing a more accurate geological assessment of suitable storage sites.
Consequences of Social Media in the Everyday Life of People: A Case Study of Kathmandu Valley
Authors: K.C. Arjun
Published: October 2024

Social networking has become one of the most important trends of the contemporary society that influenced its members’ communication experiences and perception of reality. This research aims to establish the outcomes of social media use in the lives of the people residing in Ward No. 16 of the Kathmandu Metropolitan City. Social media in particular allows for a broad study of the effects on different parameters the essence of the social interactions among the users of social media, their psychological state, and their ways of obtaining and sharing information. Quantitative and qualitative research methods were used, quantitative and questionnaire based survey and qualitative and interview based survey with 57 respondents. The ideas proposed in this research show that it points to the model of the positive and negative effects, which is the characteristic of social networks as means of communication at the same time. Arguably, the literature suggests that social media results in high consequences in the lives of users with lower age, female gender, lower levels of education, and unmarried statuses. These nuances are discussed in the analysis as a means of providing more information about how people of different age, gender, education level, and marital status perceive the impact of social media. This paper therefore emphasizes the need for people to be conversant with digital literacy, and the need to be cautious when using social media so as to avoid the negative impacts while enjoying the positive ones.
Challenges and Opportunities in Empowering Leadership: An Emerging Trend in Musikot, Rukum West
Authors: Pun Govind Bahadur
Published: October 2024

Indigenous communities in Nepal have historically faced marginalization, with limited access to resources and decision-making roles. However, recent years have seen a notable change, particularly in Musikot, Rukum West, where indigenous women are increasingly assuming leadership roles across various sectors. This study delves into the rise of indigenous women's leadership examining the patterns of its emergence, the factors promoting their political engagement, and the primary challenges they encounter. Despite the increasing presence of indigenous women in leadership, they continue to face significant obstacles rooted in deep-seated patriarchal norms and structures, particularly in political and governmental arenas. These impediments include discouraging organizational dynamics, societal biases, familial obligations, and cultural stereotypes that perpetuate their underrepresentation. Challenges specific to political parties, such as limited opportunities for advancement and insufficient support mechanisms, further complicate these issues. To foster indigenous women’s leadership, which is vital for social inclusion and democratic governance, comprehensive strategies are necessary. These include promoting equal opportunities, economic empowerment, enhancing access to education and healthcare, and adhering to international norms. Implementing targeted policy interventions is essential to ensure the sustainable political involvement and leadership of indigenous women in Musikot, Rukum West.
नेपालको इतिहासमा सिद्ध र प्रथम सहिद लखन थापा मगर
Authors: मगर Magar ढकबहादुर Dhakbahadur
Published: October 2024

सानो गोर्खा राज्यको इतिहास देखि सिङगो नेपालको इतिहासमा देखिएका एकै जाति ,समूदाय, एकै स्थानमा महत्वपूर्ण ऐतिहासिक व्यक्तित्वहरु सिद्ध लखन थापा मगर र प्रथम सहिद खलन थापा मगरको उदय र अन्त भएको थियो । सिद्ध लखन थापा मगर राजा राम शाहको शासन कालमा साक्षात भगवती रानी लिलावतीको सेवकको रुपमा गोरखनाथ बावाले सिद्ध बनाएर गोर्खा दरवारमा लगेका थिए । दरवारमा रानीको सेवकको साथै राजा राम शाहको प्रमुख सल्लाहकारको रुपमा पनि रहेका थिए । उनले दैवीय चमत्कारीका कार्यहरु गरी तत्कालीन गोर्खा दरवारमा आश्चर्यचकित बनाएका थिए । राजाको निधन पछि सति जान लागेकी रानीको सल्लाह अनुसारनै आफ्नो घर आएर बसे । साथै रानीले भने अनुसार नै सिलाको रुपमा उत्पन्न भएर  पुन सेवा गर्ने अवसर प्रदान गरिन । मनकामना देवीको रुपमा उत्पती भए पछि सिद्ध लखन थापा मगर मूल पूजारी भएर सेवा गर्न थाले  । उनले मनकामना देवीको पूजाविधी र पुजारी वंशानुगत व्यवस्था मिलाएर तीर्थ गर्न गए, धेरै दिन पछि फर्केर आए , तर घरमा आफ्नो काजकिरिया गरि सकेको  भन्ज्याङमा भेट भएका चेलीबाट थाहा पाएपछि नजिकैको गुफामा आफुले टेकेको भीमसेनपातीको लाठी गुफा अगाडि राखेर अलप भए । त्यस्तै प्रथम सहिद लखन थापा मगर वि.स.१८९१ मा जन्मी गोरखनाथ गणमा  सैनिक भएका थिए । जंग बहादुर राणाको निरङकुस शासनबाट आक्रोसित भै सैनिक सेवा छोडी धार्मिक आडमा जंग बहादुर राणाको विरुद्ध जनस्तरको समर्थन प्राप्त गरी  विद्रोह गरेका थिए । वि.स. १९३३ मा जंग बहादुरले उनी लगाएत अन्य सात जनालाई हत्या गरेका थिए ।अतः उनकै पे्ररणा बाट २००७ सालको क्रान्ति सफल भएको थियो । आज हजारौं सहिदहरुको सृखलाको क्रममा प्रथम सहिदको रुपमा सम्मानित भएका छन ।
Social Interaction and Stock Market Participation: A Study of Kathmandu Valley Investors
Authors: Shrestha Sajeeb Kumar
Published: October 2024

This research aims to explore how social interaction influences stock market participation in the Kathmandu Valley. It utilizes a descriptive and causal study design, applying a positivist approach to investigate the phenomenon. The focus is on understanding the effects of social interactions on individuals' involvement in the stock market within this specific geographical context. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data about factors influencing participation in the stock market. A total of 399 samples were gathered from this population using convenience sampling. The data was then analyzed using several statistical techniques. Reliability analysis was employed to assess the internal consistency of the measurement instruments. The results of the analyses found that internet usage, social norms/community influence, and the influence of friends/partners had a significant impact on whether someone participates in the stock market. However, there was no evidence that parental involvement in the stock market influences their children's participation. In summary, the study examined how different factors relate to individuals' participation in the stock market through a survey and statistical analyses of the collected data. Internet access, social environment, and peer influences were found to affect participation, but not parental involvement.
लैंगिक अध्ययनका बहसहरु र अनुसन्धानको सवाल
Authors: अधिकारी Adhikari शुक्रराज Shukraraj
Published: October 2024

लैङ्गिकता सामाजिक तथा सांस्कृतिक संरचनाभित्र क्रमिक रूपमा निर्माण भएर फेरबदल हुँदै जाने गर्दछ । हरेक संरचना विशेष  लैङ्गिकताको निर्माण प्रक्रिया पनि फरक–फरक रूपमा हुने बुझिन्छ । यसै सन्दर्भमा लैङ्गिकताको  निर्माणका बारेमा बहस हुदै आएका  विभिन्न अवधारणालाई संक्षिप्त रुपमा चर्चा गर्दै ती बीचको अन्तराल पहिल्याउने हेतुले यस आलेख तयार गरिएकोे छ । यसको लागि ऐतिहासिक सन्दर्भहरू, विभिन्न  लैङ्गिक अध्ययनहरू, विभिन्न पुस्तकालयहरू एवम प्रत्यक्ष भेटघाटलाई सूचनाको स्रोतको रुपमा लिईएको छ । गुणात्मक अनुसन्धानको ढाँचा अन्तर्गत रहेर गुणात्मक तथ्यहरुलाई ऐतिहासिक अन्तर्वस्तु विश्लेषण विधिको माध्यमबाट संकलन गरी विश्लेण गरिएको छ । लैङिगकता हरेक समाज व्यवस्थाद्वारा निर्देशित तथा निर्मित हुँदै जान्छ । समाज व्यवस्था आफनै ऐतिहासिक जगमा अडेको हुन्छ । ऐतिहासिक परिणामले प्रदान गरेको उत्पादन पद्धति, सोहीअनुसार निर्माण भएका सामाजिक नियम, विधिविधानबमोजिम लैङिगक सम्बन्धहरू विकसित हुँदै जान्छन । त्यसकारण ऐतिहासिक सन्दर्भ अनुसार सामाजिक संरचनाको विश्लेषण नगरी लैङिगकताको वास्तविक स्वरूप पहिचान गर्न कठिन हुन्छ । वास्तविक लैङिग स्वरुप पहिचान गर्न ऐतिहासिक सन्दर्भ सहितको सामाजिक संरचनालाइ विश्लेषण गर्न अनिवार्य हुन्छ । लैङ्गिकता निर्माणको ऐतिहासिकता, त्यसको प्रभाव, शास्त्र निर्माण भएको समाज व्यवस्था, त्यसको जग लगायतका सवाललाई नखोतली लैङ्गिकता निर्माणको प्रक्रियालाई वास्तविक रूपमा पहिल्याउन सकिँदैन ।
On Fragments: A Piece of Art and the “I” – or Not
Authors: Gontarski Stanley E.
Published: October 2024

This essay explores the philosophical implications inherent in Samuel Beckett’s most enigmatic and metonymic late theater work, Not I, even as he frequently abjured any interest in philosophy, which he claimed neither to read nor to understand. The play is profoundly ontological, however, and its metonymic stage image engages the classical philosophical conundrum of the relationship of the part, a piece or fragment, say, to the whole, an issue with which Beckett has at least been intrigued for most of his creative life.