bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ռեսուրսային անե՞ծք, թե՞ տնտեսական զարգացման շարժիչ ուժ. Ադրբեջանի արդյունաբերությունը / RESOURCE CURSE OR DRIVING FORCE TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT:
THE INDUSTRY OF AZERBAIJAN
Authors: MOVSISYAN Shushan
Published: January 2024

The abundance of hydrocarbon resources creates serious problems for developing, but not developed countries. Many oil-rich developing countries face more economic, social and political challenges
compared to those without natural resources, a phenomenon known as the “resource curse.” Azerbaijan, like many developing countries, has also experienced some negative consequences associated
with the phenomenon of "resource curse”. In the second half of the 1990s, foreign direct investments
flew into the oil economy of Azerbaijan, which predetermined the unhealthy structure of the industry.
ՀՀ առևտրային բանկերի հիմնական ցուցանիշների համեմատական վերլուծություն / Comparative Analysis of Key Indicators of the RA
Commercial Banks
Authors: BABAYAN VAHAN
Published: January 2024

The RA banking system is of primary
importance; in particular, the majority of the securities
circulating in the capital market belong to the securities issued
by the RA commercial banks and registered in the RA regulatory
market, as well as 83 percent of the assets of the RA financial
system belong to the RA banking system.
The presented arguments highlight the sensitivity of the
public towards the banking system and the policy of strict state
regulation.
Within the framework of the research, the economic norms
and the main indicators characterizing the profitability of
commercial banks of the Republic of Armenia defined by
Regulation 2 of the Council of the Central Bank of the Republic
of Armenia were presented. Then, from the point of view of the
presented indicators, the main financial indicators of the RA
commercial banks for the first half of 2023 were studied,
comparing them with the corresponding indicators for the first
half of 2022.
Հայաստանի Հանրապետության բնակչության եկամուտների ու ծախսերի բաշխման գնահատումը / Assessment of Income and Expenditure Distribution of
the Population of the Republic of Armenia
Authors: MARKOSYAN ASHOT , MARKOSYAN MERUZHAN
Published: January 2024

In the system of
indicators measuring the living standards of the population, the
financial income of the population has an important and
irreplaceable position. It serves as the basis for household
expenditures. From that point of view, it is important to measure
and evaluate both monetary incomes and expenses of the
population. Although, by its very nature, provision of monetary
income (expenditure) of the population is an important tool of
social policy, it should ensure their distribution in a certain
proportion among different layers of the population. That
problem is solved through the distribution of incomes
(expenditures) between decile and quintile groups of the
population. The objective of this paper is to study the
distribution of monetary incomes and expenses of the population
of the Republic of Armenia from 1996 to 2021. To achieve that
goal, the following problems were addressed:
• analyze the disproportionate distribution of monetary
incomes and expenses of the population of the RA
population according to individual decile and quintile
groups,
• identify gaps in that area and determine their causes,
• make social policy a target and aim not only at poverty
reduction but also at the formation of the middle class
ՀՀ արդյունաբերության ոլորտի զարգացման միտումները և կառուցվածքային տեղաշարժերի վերլուծությունը / Industry Development Trends in the Republic of
Armenia and Analysis of Structural Changes
Authors: KHACHIKYAN SOS , AVAGYAN GAYANE , VARDANYAN KNARIK , MIRUMYAN AIDA
Published: January 2024

Industry is the
leader of the economy and its determining factor, and the level of development of any country is described by the development
of industry. The priority of industry is determined by the role in
ensuring the viability of the economic system, economic
development, defense of the country and economic security. The
study of development trends and structural changes within the
industrial sector of the Republic of Armenia from 2010 to 2022
holds particular significance in the current economic and
political period. The paper examines the dynamics of indicators
of the industrial sector of the Republic of Armenia, especially
over the last decade, identifying the factors determining
structural changes in the industry and the reasons for low
economic efficiency. An analysis of the dynamics of industrial
production indicators was carried out based on external and
internal factors, making it possible to identify the main problems
and provide qualitative assessments characterizing the present
state of the industry.
An important component of the work is the general study of
the investment field in the industry, as a result of which certain
features were revealed. The interdependence of investment
features and the development of the sector provides a basis
for making a number of conclusions regarding the increase in
the productivity of the RA industrial sector.
The study addressed sustainable development issues
focusing on the increase in the volume of electricity production
and the environmental sector.
In general, an attempt has been made to present a
comprehensive analysis of the structural shifts in the RA
industry, which will enable researchers to quickly orient
themselves within the framework of the main directions.
Guía para la implementación de un programa de optimización de antibióticos
Authors: Nemirovsky Corina , Di Líbero Eugenia , Torres Marta , Hojman Martín , Pessacq Pedro , Rodríguez Claudia , Gañete Marcelo , Kaneshiro Vanesa , Mozún Tamborenea Fernando , Clara Liliana , Farina Javier , Puscama Alicia , Aronson Sandra , Ezcurra Cecilia , De Vedia Lautaro , Com. de Uso Adecuado de Recursos de SADI
Published: January 2024

Desarrollada por la Comisión de Uso Adecuado de Recursos de la Sociedad Argentina de Infectología
Determination of the type of peripheral neuropathies using an electroneuromyography in dogs
Authors: Alexandrova E. Yu. , Kryachko O. V.
Published: January 2024

Veterinary medicine at the present stage of development requires the search for new ways to assess the lesions of the musculoskeletal system. Due to the need for a clear detailed differentiation of types and types of neuropathies, new methods of functional diagnostics are being introduced into veterinary practice, one of which is an electroneuromyography (ENMG) examination. This diagnostic method is the most complete, reflecting the state of both nervous and muscular structures. The issue of this study is to determine the type of neuropathic pathology: axonal or demyelinating. During the measurements carried out, typical electrophysiological markers characteristic of different types of neuropathic pathologies were noted in the studied animals. Together with the neurological examination, the type of peripheral neuropathy was determined for each animal, on the basis of which the most effective treatment regimen was selected in the future.
Features of diagnostics of foreign bodies of the gastrointestinal tract in small pets
Authors: Kraskova E. V. , Ladanova M. A.
Published: January 2024

The article is devoted to evaluating the effectiveness of methods for diagnosing foreign objects in small domestic animals in the digestive tract radiography, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, ultrasonography. The algorithm of conducting diagnostic studies in case of suspected presence of foreign bodies of the gastrointestinal tract depends on the localization, physical characteristics and configuration of foreign bodies. It was found that a more informative endoscopic examination allows to determine the location of a foreign object, to assess the condition of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract organs simultaneously and after their extraction. However, the jejunum and the large intestine cannot be fully evaluated by the endoscopic method.
Results of laboratory and instrumental methods for diagnosis of ovarian leiomyoma in dogs
Authors: Nikitina A. A.
Published: January 2024

The results of a study of changes in some laboratory parameters and the use of instrumental research methods for ovarian leiomyoma in dogs are presented using the example of a clinical case. The animal observed increased frequency of urination, episodes of enuresis, and an increase in abdominal volume. It was determined that there are no special morphological changes in the blood associated with leiomyoma, but pronounced lymphopenia of unknown origin was determined. Urine examination also did not reveal significant deviations in its composition. An ultrasound examination revealed a solid formation in the area of the left ovary measuring 15.22*9.80 cm, displaced towards the spleen, hypoechoic, with areas of heterogeneous echogenicity, its contours are unclear. During intraoperative removal of the tumor and its histological examination, a benign formation was revealed - leiomyoma. It is a tumor of diffuse structure, formed by chaotically intertwined, distinctly arranged, large bundles of spindle-shaped cells. Tumor cells are long, elongated, with well-defined eosinophilic cytoplasm, with indistinguishable cell boundaries. The nuclei are medium-sized, elongated, normochromic and lightcolored, with finely dispersed chromatin. Cellular and nuclear polymorphism is weakly expressed, single mitoses are detected. In bundles of tumor cells, a large amount of eosinophilic matrix is detected, visually merging with the eosinophilic cytoplasm of the cells.
The use of peripheral venous catheter in chickens
Authors: Perinek O. , Shiryaev G. , Ryabova A.
Published: January 2024

Among the methods that make it possible to obtain and evaluate biochemical indicators that characterize the direction of metabolism, the state of health and the course of the pathological process in the body, the blood examination occupies an important place. There are several ways to take blood in animals and birds. The literature often describes the classic methods of one -time obtaining blood in animals and birds. And if in the case of animals serial taking blood became a routine method, with birds, due to increased blood coagulation, the situation is more complicated. To ensure convenient access to venous vessels in order to obtain serial blood samples to study biochemical indicators in dynamics, the use of peripheral venous (intravenous) catheters is recommended. The use of catheter makes it possible to minimize a stress factor in birds, which is inevitable when using a syringe with each piercing of a vein, as well as avoiding the occurrence of hematomas. The catheterization method has been used for a relatively long time, however, when installing catheter on chickens, there are a number of unresolved issues on the correct selection of catheter and their correct use. In this regard, the purpose of the work was the approval of the use of peripheral venous catheter for interval capture of blood. During the testing of the method, it was found that, despite the increased blood coagulation of chickens, the correctly selected catheter is not clogged with blood clots. Therefore, for the selection of a catheter of the optimal size, it is necessary to take into account the size of the covering vein, because The catheter incorrectly selected in size can lead to injury to the vein (with the prevailing diameter of the catheter over the diameter of the vein), or to the blockage of the catheter (with a small diameter of the catheter). For catheterization of the covenant vein of chickens, the use of peripheral venous catheter with the dimensions of the G22 and G24 is recommended.
Study of acute toxicity of the drug «Prazitsid®-Complex»
Authors: Kuznetsov Yu. E. , Belova L. M. , Gavrilova N. A. , Kuznetsova N. V. , Lunegov A. M.
Published: January 2024

Preclinical testing of the new drug «Prazid®-complex», developed by LLC «Apisenna» (Russia, Moscow, Smolenskaya-Sennaya sq., 27, building 1A, apartment 74), containing 102 mg of praziquantel in 1 ml, 5 mg ivermectin, 100 mg of fipronil and excipients were carried out on non-linear laboratory mice purchased from the branch of the National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute» PNPI - PLZh «Rappolovo». The acute toxicity of the drug was determined according to GOST 32644-2014 and «Guidelines for experimental (preclinical) study of new pharmacological substances» (2005)» on 6 mice (3 females and 3 males in each group. To determine the LD50 of the drug, five experimental groups of six animals each (3 males and 3 females) were formed from 30 mice. To calculate the parameters of acute toxicity, we used the method of determining LD50 using probit analysis according to Litchfield and Wilcoxon, which is based on taking into account the mortality of animals from administered doses of the drug under study. The hazard class of the drug was determined according to GOST 12.1.007-76. It was found that the drug «Prazicide®-complex» in doses of 2.0; 3.5; 5.0; 6.5 g/kg causes death in 100% of experimental animals within 24 hours. When the drug is administered at a dose of 0.5 g/kg body weight for 14 days, death is observed in 50% of experimental mice. LD50 of the Prazitsid®-complex drug is 0.5 g/kg body weight. According to the classification (GOST 12.1.007-76), the drug «Prazid®-complex» should be classified as a low-toxic compound (hazard class 3) and used for clinical trials on animals.
On the acoustic signaling of turkeys
Authors: Kozlova S. V. , Lomdo A. I.
Published: January 2024

One of the indicators of behavioral activity in response to the impact of environmental factors is acoustic signaling as an element of sound communication of birds. The purpose of the research work was to study acoustic signaling of turkeys of Highbrid Converter cross, grown in conditions of poultry breeding enterprise of Tyumen region. The object of research were turkeys of different groups of different age (1, 12, 41, 56, 69 days) and sex. Loudness of sounds issued by the bird was measured by a noise meter, with fixation of maximum, minimum and average values of sound loudness. Audiometry was carried out in the morning and evening. 76 audiograms were recorded. In the course of background research it was noticed that turkeys constantly make sounds characteristic for the species, communicating among themselves birds do not stop shouting at night, and the noisiest are males. It was found that the average maximum values of loudness level of signals of birds in groups not divided by sex, in 41-day-old birds (81.3 dB) in the evening and in day-old chicks (71.6 dB) in the morning. In 41-day-old birds, the loudness level of acoustic signaling increases (by 5.2 dB) toward evening, and in dayold birds, loudness is 5.1 dB lower in the evening than in the morning. The amplitude of loudness increase has a sharp character. At the same time, the signal volume of day-old chicks in the morning has maximum values (82.0 dB), which are also found in the groups of older chicks (69 days). However, in the evening, the maximum values of day-old chicks' buzzer loudness decrease by 11.5 dB. In groups of chicks separated by sex at 56 days of age, the acoustic signals of males are louder (by 1.2 dB), both in the morning and in the evening (by 1.3 dB). It was also found that the loudness level in both the group of males (by 3.8 dB) and females (by 3.7 dB) increased towards evening. In the group of 69 day-old turkeys, female signals were 1 dB louder than male signals in the evening. Maximum loudness values were recorded in the male group (85.5 dB, 86.4 dB, 87.4 dB).
Legal Responsibility of Veterinary Specialists: Current State and Prospects of Development of Legal Institute
Authors: Shukhov F. G.
Published: January 2024

Veterinary specialists guard the health of not only the animal world, but also, by performing their work duties properly, make a significant contribution to human health, which, however, is not adequately reflected in the norms of law. The article examines and systematizes the existing measures of criminal, administrative and civil liability. Analogies are drawn with the norms applicable to healthcare workers. Legislative measures have been proposed that will contribute to the prevention of offenses in the activities of veterinary specialists, as well as the humane treatment of animals. Despite the variety of existing sanctions against veterinary specialists, the legislator can pay attention to some proposed measures to prevent possible violations of the law and guarantee the principle of humane treatment of animals.
Analysis of modern requirements of regulatory documents for organic products
Authors: Tokarev A. N. , Smolkina A. S.
Published: January 2024

The article presents the regulatory and legal aspects and modern requirements for the quality and safety of organic products in their production. Standards, technical regulations and Federal Laws adopted in recent years establish definitions in the field of production, composition of organic products, labeling and packaging requirements. The interstate standard GOST 33980-2016 for organic products specifies the rules for organic livestock farming, organic crop production, the fish organic industry, beekeeping and other areas of agriculture. The article discusses some of the most significant, in the opinion of the authors, changes and additions to the standard.
Bacteriological examination of pathological material from cows
Authors: Ladanova M. A.
Published: January 2024

A bacteriological study of pathological material from cows in livestock farms of the Leningrad region was conducted. The following were examined: mastitis milk, vaginal swabs, blood, internal organs, manure, silage. 267 cultures and 11 species of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms have been isolated and identified. The maximum distribution is accounted for by staphylococci – 36.33%., among which are more common: golden Staphylococcus aureus, white Staphylococcus epidermidis and lemon yellow Staphylococcus citreus. In second place in terms of prevalence was a microorganism from the Enterobacteriaceae family – Escherichia coli – 20.6%. When analyzing the isolated microflora in each individual farm, it is possible to identify the dominant microflora. This study showed that mixed infections are more common and there is an associative effect on the animal's body. When analyzing the isolated microflora in a separate farm, it is possible to identify the dominant microflora. Farms have their own microbial landscape, which must be taken into account when prescribing antibacterial therapy. Conducting a bacteriological study to isolate the pathogen and determining antibacterial sensitivity helps to prevent the formation of resistance in microbes to antibiotics.
Modernization of the cryoprotective medium compound for intraovarian vitrification of female gametes of Sus scrofa domesticus
Authors: Kuzmina T. I. , Starikova D. A.
Published: January 2024

Aim. Comprehensive analysis of the morphofunctional state of somatic (cumulus) and germ cells (oocytes) of Sus scrofa domesticus subjected to intraovarian vitrification using silicon dimethylglycerolate (SDMG) are presented.

Materials and methods. Fragments of porcine ovaries (FsPO) 15×20 mm in size were gradually kept in cryoprotective agents (CPA) prepared in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS): 25 min. in CPA-1 [7.5% EG (ethylene glycol) with 7.5% DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide)] and 15 min. in CPA-2 (15% EG with 15% DMSO and 0.5 M sucrose). The composition of the CPA-2 in experimental groups was modified by addition of SDMG (at concentrations of 2%, 6%, or 10%). FsPO were stored in liquid nitrogen. FsPO were devitrified by exposure 1 minute in solution 1 (80% PBS, 20% FBS, 0.5 mol/l sucrose) and 5 minutes in solution 2 (80% PBS, 0.25 mol/l sucrose). The following indicators of cryoresistance of devitrified cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were analyzed: degree of cumulus cells expansion; oocyte morphology and the functional status of lipidome in female gametes (fluorescence intensity of Nile red /lipid droplets complex - FILDs).

Results. The addition of SDMG into cryoprotective media reduced the level of denuded oocytes after vitrification. The level of gamete with different degree of cumulus cells expansion (low, medium, high) in the experimental group with 10% SDMG tended to indicators in the group of native cells. The level of native oocytes with the signs of morphological degeneration (7.7%) had no significant differences with the level of intraovarian vitrified gametes with 10% SDMG (11%). The proportion of native oocytes with low FILDs (38.9%) exceeded the level of oocytes with the above indicator in vitrified oocytes of the control (16.5%) group and in experimental groups of cells with the addition of 6% SDMG (4.8%) and 10% SDMG (11.8%, P<0.001).

Conclusion. In general, comprehensive monitoring of indicators cryoresistance of COCs in Sus scrofa domesticus subjected to intraovarian vitrification revealed the cryoprotective properties of SDMG. The effects were dose-dependent and were expressed in the stabilization of oocyte-cumulus communication, a decrease in the level of oocytes with the signs of morphological degeneration, and features of the lipidome functioning in intraovarian vitrified female gametes using SDMG at various concentrations.
TEORIJA O VANREDNIM OKOLNOSTIMA I NJEN UTJECAJ NA UGOVORNO-MATERIJALNA PRAVA I OBAVEZE
Authors: Topoljak Sulejman
Published: January 2024

Pod teorijom o vanrednim okolnostima (nazarijetuz-zurufit-tari'e) se podrazumijevaju zaključeni ugovori ili obaveze, poput narudžbenih ugovara i njima sličnih, čija realizacija je odgođena pa se nakon njihova zaključenja dogode vanredne okolnosti i prilike koje nalažu da primjena ugovornih obaveza postaje štetna i nepravedna po jednog ugovarača u odnosu na njihovu primjenu u normalnim okolnostima i prilikama.

Nastale vanredne okolnosti u kojima primjena navedenih materijalno-ugovornih obaveza proizvodi štetne i nepravedne posljedice na ugovorne strane nalaže da se način njihove realizacije mora ponovo promotriti, reducirati i svesti na dimenzije koje će imati za posljedice pravednost i uklanjanje navedene štete i nepravde.

Stoga je cilj ove studije da istraži legalnost i legitimnost utjecaja vanrednih okolnosti na ugovorna materijalna prava i obaveze u islamskom pravu i to kroz osnovne pravne izvore i regule, te da pojasni ulogu navedenog principa ili teorije u rješavanju nepravednih i štetnih posljedica koje mogu pogoditi jednog od ugovarača. Isto tako, studija namjerava da istakne značaj i ulogu navedene teorije u reinterpretiranju ugovornih obaveza s ciljem realizacije pravde među ugovorenim stranama i njenu važnost i refleksiju na društveno-ekonomski aspekt. 

Prepoznavanje navedenog principa od strane islamskog prava ima veliku ulogu pri uspostavi pravde među ugovorenim stranama u mnogim imovinskim transakcijama posebno u vrijeme poremećaja ekonomskog tržišta i inflacije, a u isto vrijeme bi pozitivno i stimulativno djelovalo na samu ekonomsku aktivnost društva, jer bi se na taj način dala garancija i sigurnost potencijalnim i realnim investitorima na način da bi se njenom primjenom i legalizacijom zaštitile njihove investicije i imovina.

O ovoj temi, koliko je meni poznato, nije pisano na našem govornom području.
The Nexus Between Exchange Rate Volatility and Nigerian Stock Prices: An Egarch Approach
Authors: N. E. Uguru , G. M. Enwere , W. Amos
Published: January 2024

The study examines the connection between exchange rate volatility and stock market performance in Nigeria from 1981 to 2022, utilizing the EGARCH model. Stock Exchange Capitalization and All-Share Index serve as indicators for the stock market. Stationarity tests initially showed a random walk in the variables, but after taking first differences, the ADF and PP unit root test statistics became significant, indicating integrated variables of the same order (I(1)). Analysis revealed autonomous negative reactions of stock prices to current year's exchange rate flux, indicating that the Nigerian Stock Exchange responded negatively to exchange rate fluctuations. It confirmed the existence of significant volatility persistence between stock prices and exchange rate flux in Nigeria, with a unidirectional relationship from exchange rate to stock market. In conclusion, findings suggest that investors should carefully examine the nature of exchange rate volatility and stock market prices to make informed investment decisions.
Property Rights Protection and Economic Growth in Nigeria: An Institution Economic Perspective
Authors: T. O. Sunday , K. Michael , I. Anthony , S. O. Oluwatosin
Published: January 2024

Objective- This study seeks to examine property rights protection in Nigeria and how it affects economic growth using an institution economic perspective. Approach- The variables of the study are real gross domestic product (RGDP), property rights (PR) protection and investment freedom (IF) of Nigeria within the scope of 1995 to 2021. Unit root test using both Philips Perron (PP) and Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF), Johansen cointegration and post estimation tests were carried out. Results- Based on pre-estimation test results, the unrestricted vector autoregressive (UVAR) model was used. Estimation revealed that RGDP(-1) has a positive relationship with RGDP, both PR and IF have a negative relationship with RGDP. While RGDP(-1) is statistically significant, both PR and IF are not. Value Addition-The study blends the legal concept of property rights protection with economics, and recommends leveraging legal framework and technology to provide an online, easy, transparent and simplified process of registering and obtaining both tangible and intangible property ownership rights in Nigeria. It addressed the contemporary rights ownership tussle between farmers and herders in Nigeria. Again, several bottleneck factors both from states and local governments contributing to property rights usage obstruction and impediment to investment freedom were identified with viable solutions proffered.
SAFETY STOCK PADA PENGELOLAAN PERSEDIAAN PRODUK MINUMAN HERBAL CELUP DI CV DEWI MAKMUR, KABUPATEN BANTUL, DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Puspitojati Endah , Nalinda Rika
Published: January 2024

CV Dewi Makmur memiliki produk minuman herbal celup best seller antara lain Wedang Uwuh Celup (WUC), Rosella Celup (RC), Tisera Celup (TC), Kelor Celup (KLC), dan Jati Cina Celup (JCC). Beberapa persediaan produk best seller tersebut seringkali mengalami stock out karena tidak menerapkan safety stock dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi peramalan jumlah produk pada tahun 2023 di CV Dewi Makmur  untuk meminimalisasi masalah “overstock” dan “stock out”. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif.  Pemilihan lokasi penelitian dilakukan secara purposive area yaitu di CV Dewi Makmur. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Pengumpulan data melalui metode observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumen. Alat analisis data menggunakan Microsoft Excel dan Mini Tab. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa jumlah peramalan persediaan produk WUC, RC, TC, KLC dan JCC tahun 2023 dengan metode Single Moving Average dan Single Exponential Smoothing yang kemudian dilakukan perbandingan nilai error dan hasilnya di uji validasi menunjukkan bahwa Single Exponential Smoothing metode yang valid. Kemudian diperoleh hasil peramalan masing-masing sebanyak 1.772 pack, 1.172 pack, 1.930 pack, 2.027 pack dan 1.845 pack. Sehingga diperoleh jumlah persediaan pengaman (safety stock) produk WUC, RC, TC, KLC dan JCC masing-masing sebanyak 1.240 pack, 1.697 pack, 1.237 pack, 1.611 pack dan 2.161 pack.  Peramalan stok ini dapat membantu CV Dewi Makmur dalam memenuhi permintaan agar tidak mengalami overstock maupun stock out.
RESPONS PETERNAK TERHADAP MEDIA PENYULUHAN YANG BERBEDA DI KELOMPOK TERNAK KELURAHAN BORONGLOE KECAMATAN BONTOMARANNU KABUPATEN GOWA
Authors: Saade Aminuddin , Badaruddin Munawir , Hatta Muh. Habib Syah Putra
Published: January 2024

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons peternak terhadap penggunaan media penyuluhan yang berbeda pada tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan retensi memori. Kajian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2021, bertempat di Kelurahan Borongloe, Kecamatan Bontomarannu, Kabupaten Gowa. Metode kajian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen semu (Quasi experiment) dengan jumlah sampel 32 responden dengan terbagi menjadi dua kelompok penyuluhan yaitu kelompok media audiovisual dan kelompok media cetak masing-masing kelompok berisikan 16 responden. Variabel yang diamati adalah  tingkat pengetahuan, tingkat sikap, dan retensi memori responden. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa kelompok media audiovisual lebih tinggi tingkat pengetahuan dan sikapnya setelah dilakukan penyuluhan, begitupun dengan retensi memori, dimana kelompok media  audiovisual lebih tinggi dibanding kelompok media cetak. Efektivitas penyuluhan kelompok media audiovisual mencapai 77,82% dan pada kelompok media cetak mencapai 62,04%, keduanya termasuk dalam kategori efektif.
EVALUASI PENDAPATAN PETANI MILENIAL TERHADAP PEMBERIAN DANA HIBAH KOMPETITIF PROGRAM YESS (Youth Entrepreneurship and Employment Support Service)
Authors: Rukka Hermaya , Hamzah Pratiwi , Rusdi A. Sabri
Published: January 2024

Kaum muda tidak begitu tertarik untuk bekerja di bidang pertanian yaitu sebagian besar pertanian Indonesia masih menggunakan cara tradisional dan hanya sebagian kecil yang menggunakan teknologi. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan pendapatan petani milenial terhadap pemberian dana hibah kompetitif program YESS dan untuk mengetahui perubahan tingkat pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan petani terhadap pemberian dana hibah kompetitif program YESS. Kajian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Bulukumpa,Kabupaten Bulukumba dan penyuluhan dilaksanakan di Desa Bulo-Bulo Kecamatan Bulukumpa, Kabupaten Bulukumba. Metode kajian menggunakan Kuesioner dan analisis data dengan B/C Ratio serta Uji T dengan SPSS untuk mengetahui peningkatan Pendapatan. Hasil kajiwidya ini menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan pendapatan terhadap pemberian dana hibah kompetitif dengan B/C Ratio> 1 dan nilai sig. (2-tailed) sebesar 0,000 < 0,05, artinya pendapatan petani milenial terjadi peningkatan. Evaluasi penyuluhan menunjukkan perubahan aspek pengetahuan meningkat 48,5%, sikap 46,4% dan keterampilan 40,5% dengan efektivitas penyuluhan berada pada kategori efektif dengan persentase 72,60%.
Kajian Mutu Benih Mentimun Baby (Cucumis sativus L.) Pada Berbagai Media Tanam
Authors: Ashari Hasan , Aziza Elea Nur , Wijayanto Budi
Published: January 2024

Mentimun baby varietas Semi F1 merupakan salah satu dari banyaknya varietas mentimun baby. Beberapa kegiatan yang menunjang produktivitas mentimun salah satunya dengan perbaikan sistem budidaya tanaman dengan benih bermutu. Pembibitan merupakan salah satu tahapan budidaya yang berfungsi untuk menjamin benih menjadi bibit yang unggul agar nilai produktivitas meningkat. Penelitian dilakukan pada Juni - Juli 2023 dii Green House Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Yogyakarta Magelang, Ceileiban, Tahunan, Umbulharjo, Daerah Istimewah Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan satu faktor yaitu komposisi media tanam dengan 7 ulangan. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya diuji menggunakan sidik ragam ANOVA taraf 5%, jika perlakuan berpengaruh nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengunaan berbagai komposisi media tanam berpengaruh nyata pada daya berkecambah, indeks vigor, kecepatan tumbuh, dan keserempakan tumbuh pada bibit mentimun. Perlakuan media tanam P3 (Tanah; Arang Seikam; Pupuk Kotoran Kambiing), merupakan komposisi media yang menghasilkan mutu benih terbaik
Aplikasi Pupuk Organik Cair (Poc) Daun Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Sawi Hijau (Brassica rapa var.parachinensis L.)
Authors: Permatasari Indah , Hamzah Faisal , Buhaerah Buhaerah
Published: January 2024

Tujuan dari kajiwidya ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian dosis POC daun kirinyuh terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sawi hijau. Sedangkan untuk penyuluhan untuk mengetahui respon kelompok tani terhadap pembuatan POC daun kirinyuh. Kajiwidya dilaksanakan di lahan Polbangtan Gowa dan kajiwidiah  dilaksanakan di Kelompok Tani Setia II di Kelurahan Labakkang, Kec. Labakkang Kab. Pangkep. Metode kajian menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAK) yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan 3 ulangan, dilanjutkan menggunakan uji BNT, dengan perlakuan dosis pupuk P0 tanpa perlakuan, P1 900 ml, P2 1.800 ml, P3 2.700 ml. Hasil kajiwidya menunjukkan aplikasi pupuk organik cair daun kirinyuh terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sawi hijau menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada perlakuan P3 (Poc daun kirinyuh 2.700 ml) dengan rata-rata tinggi tanaman 38.67 cm, jumlah daun 11,78 helai dan berat basah 157.33 gr.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Organik Cair Berbahan Baku Slurry Biogas Level Berbeda Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Rumput Pakchong
Authors: Ramdhan Andi Muh , M Armayani , Irwan M
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik cair slurry biogas terhadap pertumbuhan rumput pakchong,total produksi rumput pakchong yang dipupuk menggunakan slurry biogas, total rumput pakchong yang di pupuk menggunakan slurry biogas, dan takaran yang tepat penggunaan pupuk organik cair slurry biogas. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan sehingga total unit percobaan adalah 16. Adapun perlakuan penelitian berbagai level pupuk organik cair berbahan baku slurry biogas sebagai berikut :P0 (kontrol/tanpa pupuk), P1 50 ml/polybag, P2 100 ml/polybag, P3 150  ml/polybag. Parameter yang diamati pada penelitian ini adalah panjang tanaman, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan jumlah anakan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk organik cair slurry biogas pada pertumbuhan rumput pakchong berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan panjang tanaman. Sedangkan jumlah anakan dan jumlah daun memberikan pengaruh tidak nyata, Takaran yang tepat penggunaan pupuk organik cair slurry biogas yaitu 150 ml, hal ini dapat dilihat pada polybag (P3) bahwa penggunaan biogas dengan takaran 150 ml dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman pakchong.
Aplikasi Pupuk Organik Cair Kotoran Burung Walet Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Selada Merah (Lactuca sativa. Var crispa)
Authors: Yunandar Detia Tri , Rachmat Rachmat , Agustiawati A.Tuti
Published: January 2024

Kotoran burung walet merupakan memiliki potensi sebagai pupuk organik cair yang dapat mengatasi permasalahan petani tentang rendahnya kadar bahan organik budidaya sayuran. Kajiwidya ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aplikasi  pupuk organik cair kotoran burung walet terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi selada merah(Lactuca sativa var. Crispa). Kajiwidya ini dilaksanakan di P4S Wanua Lampoko, kecamatan Barebbo, kabupaten Bone. Metode kajiwidya dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian penyuluhan yaitu pendekatan individu dan kelompok. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa W3 (POC Kotoran walet 500ml/polybag) memberikan hasil terbaik. Pada tinggi tanaman W3 memberikan hasil sebesar 19,37 cm, jumlah daun 14 Helai, diameter batang 1,27 cm  dan berat bersih tanaman 52,67 gram dan berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan yang lain. Secara umum petani merespons penyuluhan yang dilaksanakan karena terjadi peningkatan dalam aspek pengetahuan 29%, sikap 31,2% dan keterampilan 41,2 % dengan efektifitas penyuluhan berada pada kategori efektif dengan persentase skor 63,61%
Perinatal pathology for women with reproductive losses in anamnesis
Authors: Susidko Olena
Published: January 2024

Perinatal aspects of miscarriage, despite progress in the study of pathogenetic mechanisms, continue to be leading in modern obstetrics. The presence of even one case of miscarriage in a woman’s anamnesis negatively affects her further reproductive function, affects the course and outcome of the next pregnancy, and even pre-pregnancy correction of detected disorders does not always allow to achieve the desired result - the birth of a healthy child. The issues of prediction, prevention, and prevention of perinatal complications require a clear understanding of the mechanism of influence of the threat of spontaneous abortion and premature birth on the fetus. Placental dysfunction can have serious consequences during pregnancy, affecting both mother and baby. Therefore, it is very important to study the relationship between potential risk groups, such as women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss, and placental dysfunction. Perinatal pathology for women with reproductive losses in anamnesis. Based on the germination of a pathogeny of unmaturing of pregnancy and violations of placenta dysfunction, previous abortions in anamnesis can be related to the enhanced able risk of violations of placenta dysfunction. Comparing primiparous women, in which there were abortions in anamnesis, to the control group of women giving birth, can bring the overvalue of risks, as for the primiparous women of violation of placenta dysfunction more widespread, than for women giving birth. It is set that the most closely-coupled interface from preeclampsia was observed for patients with premature births of <37 weeks of gestation, but not in those, who gave in a term. Found out the theenhanceable risk of preeclampsia at the repeated losses of pregnancy, but only at the presence of an anamnesis of auxiliary genesial technologies. Other research it was not succeeded to find out the higher risk of preeclampsia for women with repeated loss of pregnancy, that it is possible to explain the small population and absence of a clear determination of the sequence of abortions. The repeated loss of pregnancy is a studied not enough problem, which causes serious disturbance in pair which try to create a family. Separate patients can have isolated infertility, repeated spontaneous abortions, or repeated losses in the ІІ and ІІІ trimesters. However much epidemiology information testify to strong intercommunication between these unfavorable results. The set reasons for the repeated loss of pregnancy include a hormonal disbalance, anomalies oogenesis highway, genetic or chromosomal anomalies, psychosocial, autoimmune diseases, and, possibly, immunological incompatibility of mother and fetus.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity, Tyrosinase Inhibition, and Stability of Face Mask Cream Formulation from Sweet Granadilla (Passiflora ligularis Juss) Seed Fraction
Authors: Wiliantari Selvia , Iswandana Raditya , Elya Berna
Published: January 2024

The face mask has been widely used by consumers as a skin care product. In addition, masks made from natural ingredients have become one of the consumers' choices. This study aimed to evaluate facial mask cream from sweet granadilla fraction related to antioxidant activity, tyrosinase inhibition, and physical stability of the preparation for 12w. The fraction used was the ethyl acetate fraction from sweet granadilla seeds (Passiflora ligularis Juss), which was formulated in a face mask cream preparation and tested for antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP), tyrosinase inhibition, and stability of the preparation during 12w of storage. Face mask cream showed very strong antioxidant activity at F2(2% seed ethyl acetate fraction) at a temperature of 30±2oC and 40± 2oC compared to F1(1% seed ethyl acetate fraction). Meanwhile, the best inhibition of tyrosinase was at F2 at a temperature of 40±2oC. The physical stability test still met the requirements. However, a slight decrease in antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibition occurred after 12 w of storage at temperatures 30±2oC and 40±2oC (F1 and F2). In conclusion, the 2% seed ethyl acetate fraction formulation met the standards and was relatively stable at 30±2oC during 12w of storage.
A Pharmacovigilance Study on Steroid Induced Osteoporosis
Authors: Mohammed Taqui , Swamivelmanickam M. , Billah A Mohathasim
Published: January 2024

Background: In elderly people, osteoporosis and low bone density are significant risk factors for morbidity and death. Low bone strength distinguishes these illnesses, which are correlated to an increased risk of fractures from even minor traumas. Objectives: To study pharmacovigilance on steroid induced osteoporosis. Methods: A total of 950 individual who were diagnosed with osteoporosis. These individuals were deemed to be at a high risk of osteoporosis. Patients were given information regarding the risks of steroid-induced osteoporosis, as well as a handout. The patient's steroid duration and any medicines used to control the risks of steroid-induced osteoporosis were the focus of the initial evaluation. Following that, evaluations of the pharmacological therapy being examined. Any problems found were discussed with the patient and/or the prescribing practitioner. Data was gathered at the start of the study and again after 6 months of observation. Results: Glucocorticoids (prednisolone) was the main prescription drug of the entire study sample. Family history of Osteoporosis was reported in 20% of the cases. The history of fracture was reported in 30% of the cases. Low calcium diet was reported in 35% of the cases. Osteoporosis was diagnosed in 17% of the cases, Osteopenia in 22% of the cases. In 88% of the cases the drug prescribed was >5mg daily. The duration of CS intake was high. This shows that the CS drug is being abused mostly in history of allergies and asthma as its easily available OTC leading to an increased risk of osteoporosis. Around 26% were prescribed antiosteoporosis treatment with Bisphosphonate. Estrogen therapy was prescribed in 16% of the cases. Calcium supplement consumption was increased by 17%. There was significant reduction in BMD, Glucocorticoid’s usage and daily dosage and result was statistically significant. Conclusion: Because all cells employ the same glucocorticoid receptor, corticosteroids' antiinflammatory effects cannot be distinguished from their metabolic effects; thus, precautions should be taken when corticosteroids are given. Clearly, the risk of serious adverse effects rises as the amount and duration of therapy increases, thus the smallest dose required to control the condition should be provided.
A new stability indicating HPLC and LC-APCI-MS methods for the estimation of Flucytosine in pharmaceutical dosage forms
Authors: Eluru Jajili , Mathrusri Annapurna Mukthinuthalapati
Published: January 2024

Flucytosine is an anti-fungal agent which acts against mycotic infections. The anti-mycotic activity of Flucytosine is due to its conversion in to 5-fluoro uracil. In the present study the authors have proposed a new stability indicating isocratic RP-HPLC as well as LC-APCI-MS methods for the estimation of Flucytosine and the methods are validated as per ICH guidelines. Thermo scientific - TSQ Quantis with Vanquish HPLC coupled with MS was employed for the study with Simpack C18 (250 mm x 4.6 mm x 5µm) column. A triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source, running in the positive mode (as well as negative mode) was used for the detection. A mixture of 0.1% Acetic acid: Methanol was used as mobile phase (50:50, v/v) (UV detection at 235 nm). A wide linearity concentration range 1.0-120 μg/ml was observed and the method is found to be precise and accurate and can be used for the estimation of marketed formulations. Stress degradation studies were performed and the method is found to be selective and specific.
Development and validation of a discriminatory dissolution method for amorphous solid dispersion formulation of polymorphic Artemether
Authors: Panda Ramakant , Lankalapalli Srinivas
Published: January 2024

The aim of this study was to develop and validate one discriminatory dissolution method for evaluation of amorphous solid dispersion of Artemether in its fixed dose combination (FDC) of Artemether lumefantrine tablets. Methods: The evaluation of discriminatory power of the selected dissolution method was based on saturation solubility and sink condition. The impact of addition of surfactant was evaluated in the selected dissolution method comparing the dissolution rate of Artemether from immediate release Artemether and lumefantrine tablets. Comparative dissolution profile of Artemether from conventional immediate release tablet and solid dispersion tablets were compared using the selected discriminatory dissolution method. The resulting final dissolution method was validated for linearity, precision, robustness and solution stability inline with ICH. Phosphate buffer pH 6.8 (without any surfactant) was finalized as the discriminatory dissolution method based on the comparative dissolution profile between conventional Artemether tablets and Artemether tablets prepared with solid dispersion technology. The proposed analytical method was capable to discriminate different formulation of Artemether .HPLC method with UV detection at wavelengths of 216 nm was followed.The method was found to be linear (R2=0.9998) over a range of 80-120 % of analyte target.The results for precision, robustness and solution stability were well within the acceptance limit for % RSD. The proposed dissolution method for amorphous solid dispersion of Artemether is robust and discriminatory which can be explored as a tool for quality control and also for in vivo assessment.
Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don: Comparative Phytochemical Screening and Potential Activities of Flower and Leaf by GC-MS
Authors: Sinta Dewi Nabilla , Susilo Susilo
Published: January 2024

Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don or "kitolod" (Indonesia) is widely known as a traditional food medicine. However, the bioactive constituents of this plant are still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the bioactive compounds of H. longiflora (leaves and flowers) with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and further evaluated their potential biological activity. Ethanol extracts from the flowers and leaves of H. longiflora are targeted for phytochemical profiling of this plant. As a result, 16 metabolite compounds on leaves and 21 on flowers were successfully detected. A total of seven compounds, namely 2, 6, 10, 14, 18, 22-. Tetracosahexaene, 2, 6, 10, 15, 19, 23-hexamethyl-, (all--E)-, 2,6,10-Trimethyl, 14-Ethylene-14-Pentadecne, Stigmast-5-EN-3-OL, Stigmasterol, and Vitamin E dominate in both parts of this plant. The results of phytochemical analysis at the National Institute of Standard and Technique (NIST), H. longiflora can be an essential source of anti-tumor, anti-cancer, antibacterial, and antioxidant drugs.