bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the topological properties of resting-state brain function network connectivity based on graph theoretical methods in patients with high myopia
Authors: Wei Bin , Huang Xin , Ji Yu , Fu Wen-Wen , Cheng Qi , Shu Ben-Liang , Huang Qin-Yi , Chai Hua , Zhou Lin , Hao-Yu Hao-Yu , Wu Xiao-Rong
Published: January 2024

Aim
Recent imaging studies have found significant abnormalities in the brain’s functional or structural connectivity among patients with high myopia (HM), indicating a heightened risk of cognitive impairment and other behavioral changes. However, there is a lack of research on the topological characteristics and connectivity changes of the functional networks in HM patients.In this study, we employed graph theoretical analysis to investigate the topological structure and regional connectivity of the brain function network in HM patients.
Methods
We conducted rs-fMRI scans on 82 individuals with HM and 59 healthy controls (HC), ensuring that the two groups were matched for age and education level. Through graph theoretical analysis, we studied the topological structure of whole-brain functional networks among participants, exploring the topological properties and differences between the two groups.
Results
In the range of 0.05 to 0.50 of sparsity, both groups demonstrated a small-world architecture of the brain network. Compared to the control group, HM patients showed significantly lower values of γ(P = 0.0101) and σ(P = 0.0168). Additionally, the HM group showed lower nodal centrality in the right Amygdala (P<0.001, Bonferroni-corrected). Notably, there is an increase in functional connectivity (FC) between the SN and SMN in the HM group, while the strength of FC between the basal ganglia is relatively weaker (P<0.01).
Conclusion
HM Patients exhibit reduced small-world characteristics in their brain networks, with significant drops in γ and σ values indicating weakened global interregional information transfer ability. Not only that, the topological properties of the amygdala nodes in HM patients significantly decline, indicating dysfunction within the brain network.In addition, there are abnormalities in the FC between the saliency network (SN) , Sensorimotor Network (SMN), and basal ganglia networks in HM patients , which is related to attention regulation, motor impairment, emotions, and cognitive performance. These findings may provide a new mechanism for central pathology in HM patients.
The enhanced selectivity of oxygen delignification of kraft pine wood pulps: The effects of pentosane-based cherry and guar gum additions
Authors: İskefyeli Ayşegül , Kırcı Hüseyin , Kalyoncu Evren Ersoy , Erişir Emir
Published: January 2024

The objective of this study was to decrease the adverse effects of radicals created in the reaction medium by adding cherry gum or guar gum, which are sugar-based polymers, into the oxygen delignification (OD) solution used in the bleaching process of pine wood pulp produced by the kraft process. In order to enhance the dissolution of lignin, peroxide was introduced into the oxygen delignification solution, resulting in the formation of a more intensive oxidative environment. The impact of each gum addition on cellulose and hemicelluloses during oxidation processes was assessed by determining pulp viscosity, kappa number, and yield values. The addition of 2% cherry gum to the OD pulp resulted in a 2.1% increase in the removal of residual lignin and a 1.9% increase in viscosity compared to the pulp without cherry gum. Similar results were also achieved in the examination of OD pulps reinforced with guar gum. The study revealed that using cherry gum and peroxide-reinforced OD pulps resulted in the lightest-colored pulps. It was observed that additions of both gums increased the strength of the pulp except for the tearing index.
Dosimetric and radiobiological comparation of 3DCRT, IMRT and VMAT techniques for postmastectomy radiotherapy in left breast cancer patients with positive lymph nodes
Authors: Yang Ji-Ming , Ma Min , Zhou Jian-Liang , Guo Jian-Xin , Cheng Hang , Ren Jiang-Ping
Published: January 2024

Background/Purpose: To compare dosimetric and radiobiological parameters among 3DCRT, IMRT, and VMAT techniques to determine the optimal approach for postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in left breast cancer patients with positive lymph nodes.
Methods: Three treatment plans for 37 patients with left-sided breast cancer and positive lymph nodes, post-modified radical mastectomy, were developed using 3DCRT, IMRT, and VMAT. A prescribed dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions was set, ensuring 95% coverage of the PTV volume by 50 Gy. Dosimetric parameters for the target volume and critical organs, alongside the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) and excess absolute risk (EAR) for specific organs, were evaluated for each technique.
Results: The 3DCRT technique showed unsatisfactory target consistency and uniformity, with average CI and HI values of 0.50 and 0.15, respectively. IMRT achieved better results with CI and HI values of 0.68 and 0.12, respectively, while VMAT showed the best performance with 0.78 and 0.11, respectively. VMAT also outperformed in dosimetric parameters for the heart (V25Gy and Dmean), LAD (Dmax and Dmean), and ipsilateral lung (V20Gy, V30Gy, and Dmean), with significant statistical differences (p < 0.05). NTCP values for VMAT were significantly lower than the other two techniques, whereas 3DCRT showed the highest toxicity risk. For contralateral tissues, VMAT had higher dosimetric parameters in the contralateral lung (V5Gy and Dmean) and contralateral breast (V5Gy and Dmean) than 3DCRT and IMRT, with significant differences (p < 0.05). The estimated EAR for contralateral breast carcinoma induction was 15.31, 31.58, and 71.32 (per 10,000 patients per year) for 3DCRT, IMRT, and VMAT, respectively. For the contralateral lung, these figures were 13.94, 19.07, and 31.21, respectively.
Conclusions: VMAT offers reduced cardiac and pulmonary toxicities in PMRT for left breast cancer patients with positive lymph nodes but increases the risk of low-dose radiation and secondary cancer in contralateral structures. VMAT may be more suitable for patients with cardiopulmonary concerns or older age, while younger, healthy individuals require careful clinical evaluation to balance risks.
An analysis of the factors involved in IOL decentration after phacoemulsification using CASIA 2 Anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: de Paula Alessandro , Gattazzo Irene , Savini Giacomo , Lomoriello Domenico Schiano , Corsi Andrea
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the magnitude of IOL transversal shift (ITS) after phacoemulsification and to analyse the factors contributing to IOL decentration and ITS.
Methods: 94 consecutive patients who underwent cataract surgery and IOL implantation was enrolled. Each patient underwent anterior segment optical coherence tomography with CASIA 2 (Tomey, Nagoya, Japan) to assess crystalline lens decentration, thickness and diameter seven days preoperatively and at one and sixty days postoperatively. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis were performed to evaluate the determinants of ITS and final decentration.
Results:The preoperative crystalline lens diameter was associated with the ITS and with the IOL final decentration. A positive association between the final IOL decentration and the first post-surgical day decentration was found (p< 0.0001).
Conclusion: Greater crystalline lens diameter was associated with greater decentration and with greater ITS. Day-one IOL decentration seems to be the main determinant of final IOL decentration.
Metadichol: an inhibitor of zoonotic viruses; Nipah, Lassa, and rabies
Authors: raghavan Palayaakotai R
Published: January 2024

Zoonotic viruses, such as coronaviruses, the Ebola virus, the Zika virus, Nipah, Laasa, and rabies, can be transmitted from animals to humans (1). There is a need to develop inhibitors because they can potentially prevent or treat viral infections in humans and animals (2). Metadichol® is a nanoemulsion of long-chain alcohols that is a potent inhibitor of viruses. We present the results of in vitro assays showing that it inhibits Lassa, rabies, and Nipah viruses at concentrations ranging from 0.8 to 2.6 µg/ml. It is likely that the binding of metadichol to VDR (vitamin D receptor) leads to the regulation of c-MYC (MYC Proto-Oncogene, BHLH Transcription Factor), which controls the expression of SP1 (SP1 transcription factor), which is the key step in controlling the viral replication gene GSPT1 (G1 to S Phase Transition 1). Since metadichol is commercially available and nontoxic, with an LD50 of more than 5000 mg/kg in rats, it could be useful in the treatment of such zoonotic diseases.
Efficacy and Safety of Upadacitinib During Induction in Crohn’s disease: Real-World Experience
Authors: Jairath Rishi , Zoughlami Amine , Pilote Nicolas , Afif Waqqas , Bitton Alain , Wild Gary , Lakatos Peter L , Narula Neeraj , Bessissow Talat
Published: January 2024

Background
Upadacitinib is a selective JAK1 inhibitor that has recently been approved for treatment of moderate-severe Crohn’s disease, with Phase III clinical trials showing positive efficacy and safety profiles.
Aim
Our aim was to evaluate the real-world experience of upadacitinib in a refractory cohort of Canadian patients with Crohn’s disease.
Methods
This was a two-centre retrospective study looking at 12-week induction data for patients with active Crohn’s disease from McGill University Health Centre and Hamilton Health Sciences. The primary outcome was clinical remission at 12 weeks, with secondary outcomes including clinical response, biochemical remission, and biochemical response. These parameters were all evaluated at 8 and 12 weeks. Adverse events were summarized for patients who had follow up data available and included in the efficacy analysis.
Results
There were 28 patients who were treated in total. Five patients discontinued upadacitinib due to no response or side effects. Clinical remission was achieved at 12 weeks in nine patients (9/12, 75%). Clinical response was achieved in nine patients (9/12, 75%), biochemical remission was achieved in five patients (5/13, 38.5%), and biochemical response was achieved in seven patients (7/13, 53.8%). Adverse events were observed in three patients (3/15, 20%), with two having non-serious infections (2/15, 13.3%) and one having fevers of unknown origin (1/15, 6.67%).
Conclusion
This real-world multicentre Canadian induction study shows favourable efficacy and tolerability of upadacitinib in refractory active Crohn’s disease.
Does Prenatal diagnosis of meconium peritonitis have the better recovery? A single-center over 10 years experience.
Authors: Li Mingming , lu Chaoxiang , Wang Qi , Gao Qi
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate whether infants with prenatal diagnosis of meconium peritonitis (MP) have a poorer prognosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis of data from infants treated with surgery from January 2008 to December 2020 was conducted. The patients were divided into prenatal diagnosis group and postnatal diagnosis group based on the timing of diagnosis. The intraoperative and postoperative parameters of the two groups of patients were compared. Results: A total of 71 cases of MP were included in the study, with 48 cases in the prenatal diagnosis group and 23 cases in the postnatal diagnosis group. The comparison of preoperative indicators between the two groups of patients showed no statistically significant differences in baseline (P>0.05). Intraoperative indicators, including blood loss, anastomosis, retained intestinal tube length, and excised intestinal tube length, showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the postnatal diagnosis group had a significantly shorter operation time than the prenatal diagnosis group (P<0.05). Postoperative indicators, including fasting time, albumin usage, complications, and abandonment or mortality rate (P>0.05). Nevertheless, the postnatal diagnosis group exhibited significantly shorter hospital stay and time to first bowel movement compared to the prenatal diagnosis group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Prenatal diagnosis of meconium peritonitis is associated with higher surgical difficulty, longer hospital stay and delayed intestinal function recovery. However, there is no evidence of higher mortality rates or more complications compared to infants diagnosed postnatally, and there is no significant difference in long-term prognosis.
Comparative study of efficacy and safety between nDSEK and DSEK for bullous keratopathy
Authors: Huang Minghai , Yin Guina , Hoang Thuthuy , Wu Zhifeng , Teng Jian , Liang Yanqing , Zhang Zhuoyuan , Wei Dongmei
Published: January 2024

Background
Endothelial keratoplasty has evolved significantly through the utilization of different techniques. However, few studies have compared the clinical outcome between nDSEK (a modified version of the DSEK procedure known as non-Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty) and DSEK. This study aims to compare the potential efficacy and safety of nDSEK and DSEK in treating bullous keratopathy.
Methods
A retrospective comparative study included patients with bullous keratopathy underwent either nDSEK or DSEK between August 2017 and July 2022. These subjects were monitored for a period ranging from 6 to 36 months. The important factors such as best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), endothelial cell density (ECD), endothelial cell loss (ECL), and any complications that occurred during the follow-up period were recorded.
Results
A total of 52 eyes from 52 patients with bullous keratopathy were included. All subjects underwent either nDSEK (24 eyes) or DSEK (28 eyes). The mean BCVA (logMAR) showed significant improvement from the preoperative measurement of 1.69 ± 0.23 to 0.47 ± 0.22 in nDSEK eyes and from the preoperative 1.67 ± 0.19 to 0.36 ± 0.17 in DSEK eyes respectively at postoperative 12 months. However, there was no statistically significant difference in improvement of BCVA between the nDSEK and DSEK eyes (P = 0.263). The mean donor ECD decreased from the preoperative 2848 ± 108 cells/mm2 to 1176 ± 269 cells/mm2 (ECL 59%) in nDSEK eyes and from the preoperative 2905 ± 132 cells/mm2 to 1235 ± 368 cells/mm2 (ECL 57%) in DSEK eyes respectively at postoperative 12 months, with no significant difference between the nDSEK and DSEK eyes (P = 0.185). The occurrence of various complications such as graft dislocation (8.3% in nDSEK eyes vs 3.6% in DSEK eyes, P = 0.891), acute high introcular pressure (4.2% in nDSEK eyes vs 7.1% in DSEK eyes, P = 1), primary graft failure (8.3% in nDSEK eyes vs 7.1% in DSEK eyes, P = 1), graft rejection (8.3% in nDSEK eyes vs 3.6% in DSEK eyes, P = 0.891) did not differ significantly between the nDSEK and DSEK eyes.
Conclusions
nDSEK eliminated the descemetorrhexis step but yielded a comparable clinical outcome in terms of both effectiveness and safety when compared to DSEK for treating bullous keratopathy.
An Investigation on Tribology Properties of Abutilon Indicum Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites
Authors: Ramnath R. Arun , Rajeshkumar G. , Muthukumar N. , Gautham V.
Published: January 2024

This research work investigates the tribological characteristics of Abutilon Indicum Fiber (AIF) reinforced composites with epoxy as the binding agent. The Abutilon Indicum fiber reinforced tribo-composites were manufactured by compression molding technique. These composites were fabricated by varying the fiber volume fraction ranging from 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% respectively and considering the fiber length as a fixed factor due to its short length. This research paper illustrates the effects of different fiber volume fractions (5,10,15 and 20%) on the tribological properties such as Specific wear rate (SWR) and Coefficient of friction (µ) of Abutilon Indicum fiber reinforced composites. Sliding wear tests were carried out under dry environment conditions with pin-on-disc wear testing machine. The experiments were performed for each tribo-composites with different combinations of testing parameters, sliding loads in the range of (10, 20 and 30 N); sliding distances (1,2 and 3 km); sliding speeds (1,2 and 3 m/s). Shore D hardness of these composites was determined. Results conclude that the addition of AIFs in these tribo-composites enhanced the tribological performance with good wear resistance in relation with the pure epoxy-based composites. Specifically, composites produced with 15% volume fraction of AIFs displayed best results with higher resistance to wear at various operating conditions. Optimal fiber volume fraction of 15% was suggested in fabrication of composites for usage of AIFs as friction material and for other commercial applications. Additionally, the surface texture of these different tested composites was analysed by scanning electron microscopic images to examine the wear patterns and mechanism.
A longitudinal assessment of heat exposure and biomarkers of kidney function on heat shock protein 70 and antibodies among agricultural workers
Authors: Butler-Dawson Jaime , Johnson Richard J. , Krisher Lyndsay , Jaramillo Diana , Cruz Alex , Pilloni Daniel , Brindley Stephen , Rodriguez-Iturbe Bernardo , Sanchez-Lozada Laura Gabriela , Dally Miranda , Newman Lee S.
Published: January 2024

Background
Exposure to extreme heat impacts millions of people worldwide and outdoor workers are among the populations most affected by high temperatures. Heat stress induces several biological responses in humans, including the production of heat shock proteins (HSP) and antibodies against HSP (anti-HSP) which may play a central role in the body’s cellular response to a hot environment.
Objective
This longitudinal study investigated the impact of high temperatures and humidity on the presence of HSP70 and anti-HSP70 and examined relationships with markers of kidney function in an at-risk workforce under conditions of extreme heat and exertion in Guatemala.
Methods
We collected ambient temperature and relative humidity data as well as biomarkers and clinical data from 40 sugarcane workers at the start and the end of a 6-month harvest. We used generalized mixed-effects models to estimate temperature effects on HSP70 and anti-HSP70 levels. In addition, we examined trends between HSP70 and anti-HSP70 levels and markers of kidney function across the harvest.
Results
At the end of the harvest, temperatures were higher, and workers had, on average, higher levels of HSP70 and anti-HSP70 compared to the beginning of the season. We observed significant increasing trends with temperature indices and HSP70 levels. Maximum temperature was associated with HSP70 increments after controlling for age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (β: 0.21, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.09, 0.33). Kidney function decline across the harvest was associated with both higher levels of anti-HSP70 levels at the end of the harvest as well as greater increases in anti-HSP70 levels across the harvest.
Conclusions
These results suggest that workplace heat exposure may increase the production of HSP70 and anti-HSP70 levels and that there may be a relationship between increasing anti-HSP70 antibodies and the development of renal injury. HSP70 holds promise as a biomarker of heat stress in exposed populations.
Quantum Nested Search for Lattice Enumeration
Authors: Cao Runxi , Wang Baocang , Gao Juntao
Published: January 2024

Lattice-based cryptographic regimes are the most promising quantum-resistant cryptographic algorithms, whose security depends on the difficulty of the SVP. Enumeration algorithms are the most basic and hopeful algorithms instantiated for solving SVPs, and are often used in public key cryptanalysis or as subroutines of lattice reduction algorithms. In this paper, we show how to speed up enumeration with the idea of nested search: if N is the number of nodes in the enumeration tree and T is the time required to process a node, our quantum enumeration can find the shortest vector on the lattice in time \(\sqrt{T\cdot N}\) . This is applied to the two most efficient types of enumeration: cylinder pruning as well as discrete pruning. The core idea of the algorithm is to reduce the size of the search space by transforming the original problem into a constraint-satisfiable problem, using the pruning conditions of the above two enumerations as constraints, and embedding the search for all possible solutions at the next level of the enumeration tree into the space of partially satisfied solutions at the previous level. Next, we accelerate this process using a quantum search algorithm. Compared to the work of bib24, we further reduce the time complexity of the algorithm with multiplication factor $\sqrt{T} $ by the quantum nested search algorithm.
Revolutionizing Personalized Medicine with Generative AI: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ghebrehiwet Isaias , Zaki Nazar , Damseh Rafat , Mohamad Mohd Saberi
Published: January 2024

Background
Precision medicine, targeting treatments to individual genetic and clinical profiles, faces challenges in data collection, costs, and privacy. Generative AI offers a promising solution by creating realistic, privacy-preserving patient data, potentially revolutionizing patient-centric healthcare.
Objective
This review examines the role of deep generative models (DGMs) in clinical informatics, medical imaging, bioinformatics, and early diagnostics, showcasing their impact on precision medicine.
Methods
Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, the review analyzes studies from databases such as Scopus and PubMed, focusing on AI's impact in precision medicine and DGMs' applications in synthetic data generation.
Results
DGMs, particularly Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), have improved synthetic data generation, enhancing accuracy and privacy. However, limitations exist, especially in the accuracy of foundation models like Large Language Models (LLMs) in digital diagnostics.
Conclusion
Overcoming data scarcity and ensuring realistic, privacy-safe synthetic data generation are crucial for advancing personalized medicine. Further development of LLMs is essential for improving diagnostic precision. The application of generative AI in personalized medicine is emerging, highlighting the need for more interdisciplinary research to advance this field.
3D Printed Microlattices of Transition Metal/ Metal Oxides for Highly Stable and Efficient Water Splitting
Authors: Tiwari Anand P. , Rahman Md Saifur , Scheideler William J.
Published: January 2024

Developing affordable electrocatalysts is crucial for driving the sustainable energy transition to green hydrogen. Here, we report a generalizable method known as polymer infusion additive manufacturing (PIAM) for transforming 3D printed photopolymers into core-shell microlattice electrodes for electrocatalytic water splitting with transition metal/metal oxides/carbon heterointerfaces. The optimized free-standing architectures integrate Cu/CuOx on carbon (Cu/CuOx/C) microlattices, yielding high electrocatalytic activity (overpotential of 145 mV at 10 mA/cm2 and a Tafel slope of 134 mV/dec) and excellent durability for HER (>100 hr), surpassing state-of-the-art Cu foams. Additionally, for oxygen evolution (OER), Co/CoOx on carbon (Co/CoOx/C) microlattices display exceptional activity with the lowest overpotential (1.40 V to gain 10 mA/cm2) among all reported PGM-free electrodes. We explore the gas phase mass-transport properties of these 3D microlattices via microscopic imaging of bubble evolution, finding that the outstanding electrocatalytic performance and long-term stability of microlattice electrodes leverages their mesoscale (100-300 μm) pores, providing accessibility of electrolytes, maximizing utilization of active sites, and ensuring rapid evolution of gas bubbles. Thus, we introduce a simple but pioneering method for manufacturing 3D mesostructured electrocatalysts with deep control of liquid and gas phase mass-transport, enhancing the efficacy of alkaline water electrolysis.
On the Effectiveness of Utilizing A Hybrid Quantum Algorithm on Large Scale Network Routing
Authors: Chen Jie
Published: January 2024

Due to the intrinsic nature of wireless sensor network, it is of paramount importance to tailor the sensor network design towards the purpose of both economizing energy consumption and increasing transmission speed. In the author’s previous research, works have demonstrated the advantage of utilizing a quantum processor in small-scale sensor network to guarantee a given transmission rate within the minimum energy consumption. In this work, large-scale sensor network design with a fixed sink, which employs a quantum processor unit is being presented. Briefly speaking, sensor nodes of large amount are clustered into multiple small-scale networks with maximum node number equal to 6. For each small-scale network, a minimum energy consumption routing path is selected per source node. Results have shown that the design outperforms the Advanced_Leach algorithm in literature in terms of network lifetime.
Discovery of the first Tn630 member and the closest homolog of IS630 from viruses
Authors: Duan Guangyou , Wei Dongsheng , Guo Yutong , Ruan Cihan , Chang Jia , Zhou Mingbin , Gao Jun , Liu He , Li Xin , Gao Shan
Published: January 2024

Background: IS630/Tc1/mariner (ITm) represents the most widely distributed superfamily of DNA transposons in nature. Currently, bioinformatics research on ITm membersprimarily involves collecting data of existing and emerging members and organizing them into new groups or families.
Results: In the present study, our survey revealed that Tc1 and IS630 members have a broad host range, spanning across all six biological kingdoms (bacteria, fungi, plantae, animalia, archaea and protista) and viruses. The primary discoveries include the first Tn630 member — Tn630-NC1 and the closest homolog of IS630 from viruses— Tc1-C#1. By incorporating our discovery into existing knowledge, we proposed a model to elucidate the formation of composite transposons in bacteria.
Conclusions: Organization of Tc1 and IS630 members into groups across biological kingdoms facilitates data collection for future research, particularly on their horizontal transfer between different kingdoms. The formation of composite transposons may result from the asymmetric degeneration of terminal inverted repeats. IS630 should be combined with Tc1 into a family IS630/Tc1. Furthermore, IS630 and its homologs could serve as a valuable resource to investigate horizontal gene transfer between gut bacteria and phages, opening up new avenues for research in this field.
Botanische Wanderungen im Saaletal um Bad Kösen (Burgenlandkreis)
Authors: Brennenstuhl Günter
Published: January 2024

Mehrere botanische Wanderungen, hauptsächlich in den Jahren 2022 und 2023, im Saaletal um Bad Kösen (MTB 4836) führten zu Fundorten einiger Arten, die dort vom Verfasser bereits vor 70 Jahren nachgewiesen wurden. Dabei galt das besondere Interesse den Neophyten Cotinus coggygria, Eryngium giganteum und Smyrnium perfoliatum. Aber auch auf weitere Neophyten, die damals bereits vorkamen bzw. sich erst danach angesiedelt haben, wird verwiesen. Außerdem werden die wichtigsten, die Wanderrouten begleitenden Arten erwähnt.
Herbarium des Landesamtes für Umweltschutz Sachsen-Anhalt
Authors: Frank Dieter , Lange Kathrin
Published: January 2024

In der Druckfassung angegebene DOI fehlerhaft, in der PDF-Datei korrigiert
Das Herbarium des Landesamtes für Umweltschutz in Halle (HALN) wird vorgestellt. Es existiert seit etwa 30 Jahren und beherbergt ca. 10.000 Belege. Es handelt sich um ein Regionalherbarium für Farn- und Samenpflanzen sowie Armleuchteralgen für das Bundesland Sachsen-Anhalt. Die Vorkommensdaten der Belege sind digital in die Datenbank Farn- und Blütenpflanzen Sachsen-Anhalt eingearbeitet. Das Herbarium und der Arbeitsplatz sind offen für die Nutzung durch externe Botaniker.
NATURAL WAYS TO MANAGE PCOS USING HERBS : A REVIEW
Authors:   SES Arunamai College of Pharmacy, Mamurabad, Jalgoan MH., P. Jaiswal Sakshi , A. Porwar Neha ,   SES Arunamai College of Pharmacy, Mamurabad, Jalgoan MH., V. Chaudhari Bhavika ,   SES Arunamai College of Pharmacy, Mamurabad, Jalgoan MH.
Published: January 2024

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is highly prevalent endocrine-metabolic disorder characterised by polycystic ovaries, chronic an ovulation and hyperandrogenism leading to syndromes of menstrual irregularity, infertility and hirsutism. Many plants are the highly esteemed sources which have the advantages to reduce PCOS and also having hypoglycemic and anti-obesity effect. Treatment of PCOS using synthetic drugs is effective, but in cases of PCOS patients attracted towards natural remedies due to effective therapeutic effects with natural drugs. Therefore, this review prevails the role of different herbs like Chaste tree berry, Fennel, Liquorice, Spearmint, Coconut oil, Pomegranate, Cinnamon, Aloe vera, Asian ginseng, Black cohosh, Anise, Fenugreek, Ginger, Maitake Mushroom, Date palm, Hazelnut, Bamboo, Green Tea, Raspberry, White horehound and Soyabean. A review of literature showed that plants such as aloevera and chamomile improve fertility by increasing the number of ovarian follicles. Besides, vitex agnus-castus and octane reduce hirsutism by reducing testosterone and androgen levels. It has also shown that liquorice, ginseng, cinnamon and D-Chiro inositol improve the adverse effects on diabetes caused by PCOS lowering lipid and blood glucose levels. Moreover, stachys changing endometrial tissue parameters in PCOS by reducing oestrogen and hyperplasia. In this review, some of the familiar medicinal plants and their bioactive extract which plays a crucial role in treatment or prophylaxis of PCOS are summarized. It is concluded that the easily available beneficial herbs along with the lifestyle management is much effective of PCOS than allopathic treatment.
ASSESSMENT OF WATERBORNE PARASITES IN DRINKING WATER SOURCES IN IRAQ
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Diyala, Diyala, Iraq., Jasim Shakir Mohammed
Published: January 2024

Background and Aim:Waterborne parasites present substantial health hazards, hence requiring extensive research efforts to ascertain their prevalence and spatial dispersion. The objective of this study is to examine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lamblia in samples of river and municipal water collected from various geographical areas. The main objective of this study is to evaluate and contrast the occurrence of waterborne parasites in various drinking water sources, thereby offering valuable insights into spatial disparities and facilitating the development of focused strategies for managing water quality. Materials and Methods:Water samples were obtained from four distinct geographical areas, namely Al-Awja, Amarah, Tikrit, and Sultan Abdullah, which encompass both river and urban water sources. The detection of parasites was carried out utilizing established protocols. Results: Among the many water samples collected from rivers, it was observed that Al-Awja demonstrated the greatest overall prevalence rate of 53.33%. Notably, the municipal water in Al-Awja and Amarah exhibited considerable rates of 17.77% and 4.44% respectively. The major species observed were Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia lamblia. There was a positive correlation observed between parasite prevalence and seasons in both river water samples (0.019567) and city water samples (0.023613). The correlation coefficient of 0.987524 indicates that the observed relationship may lack statistical significance between Parasites prevalence and sources of water. Conclusion: Waterborne parasites are common, highlighting the need for tailored water quality control. The increased frequency in certain locations emphasises the need for public health surveillance and informed responses. This research advances our understanding of waterborne parasite spatial dynamics, guiding water safety and community health measures.
RESTITUTIVE PROPERTIES OF CURCUMA LONGA ON CYPERMETHRIN INDUCED SWISS-ALBINO MICE (MUS MUSCULUS)
Authors:   Research Scholars, University Department of Biotechnology, T.M.B.U, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India., Md Sarfaraz Nawaz , Asif Iqbal ,   Research Scholars, University Department of Biotechnology, T.M.B.U, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India., Md Equal Ahmad ,   Professor, University Department of Zoology, T.M.B.U, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India, T.M Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur - 812004.
Published: January 2024

The present investigation delves into the reparative efficacy of Curcuma longa extract in mitigating the deleterious effects induced by varying concentrations of cypermethrin in Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus). A significant increase was observed at the highest dose of cypermethrin (200 mg/kg of body weight of Swiss albino mice) in biochemical parameters namely Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), 49 % Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), 58 % Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), 108 % Creatinine 247 %. The discernible outcome is evidenced by a gradual recovery in the damage inflicted by cypermethrin. Significant changes were observed, including an approximate 16% decrement in AST, 7% reduction in ALT, substantial 45% decline in BUN levels, and a pronounced 76.16% decrease in creatinine levels. Further, haematological indices demonstrate a commendable recovery pattern, with a 10% resurgence in neutrophils, 3% restitution in lymphocytes, 6% recuperation in basophils, 2% restoration in monocytes, and 10% revival in eosinophils. These findings substantiate a promising therapeutic role for C. longa extract within the realm of pharmaceutical industries, signifying its potential utility in countering cypermethrin-induced physiological disbalance.
MORBIDITY PROFILE AND RISK FACTORS AMONG UNDER-FIVES AND HEALTH CARE SEEKING BEHAVIOURS OFTHEIR PARENTS
Authors:   Lecturer, Lourdes College of Nursing, Sidhisadan, Ernakulam (Dist), Kerala State., C. Mathew Alice , A. Mathew Josy ,   HOD, Child Health Nursing Child Department, Lourdes College of Nursing, Sidhi Sadan, Ernakulam(Dist), Kerala State.
Published: January 2024

The present study investigated the morbidity profile and its risk factors amongunder-fivesand the health care seeking behavioursof their parents in a selectedPanchayat,Ernakulam.Theobjectivesofthestudyweretoassessthemorbidityprofileand its risk factors among under-fives and health care seeking behaviours of parentsand to find the association between morbidity and selected demographic variables andselectedriskfactors.Across-sectionalcommunity-baseddescriptivesurveydesignwasemployed.Thesamplewereselectedusingconveniencesamplingtechnique.Thetoolsweremorbidityprofileassessmentchecklist,riskfactorassessmentchecklistandhealthcare seeking behaviour checklist tool. The findings showed that 81% children hadmorbidityand19%hadnomorbidity.Themost commonmorbidconditionswerecoldand running nose (76%),followed by cough (73%),fever (64%) and hand foot andmouth disease(8%).With regard to a risk factors leading to morbidity, 27% were notgiven exclusive breast feeding, 25% did not start complimentary feeding at the end ofsix months, 14% did not wash their hands before feeding the children, 28% had nofamily history of respiratory tract infection, 20% had no proper ventilation at home,34% had no proper waste disposal, 67% were exposed to passive smoking, 52% ofchildrenweregoingtoAnganwadiand4%hadcongenitaldisorders.Presentstudyalsoshowsthat52%ofmothersreliedonallopathicsectorandequalpercentage(12%)usedAyurvedaandprevious medicationand14%madeuseofhomeremedyduringdiseaseconditions of their children. The findings also showed that there was no associationbetweenmorbidityandselecteddemographicvariables.Thefindingsshowedtherewasassociation between morbidity and using boiled water for drinking (p = 0.038), familyhistoryofrespiratory infections(p=0.05),child goingto day-care/Anganwadi.
Optimizing electric vehicles charging for enhancing environmental sustainability and reducing carbon emissions of freight transport: case of Czech Republic
Authors: Husinec Michal , Strielkowski Wadim , Vacek Tomas , Vondracek Martin
Published: January 2024

The limited infrastructure of charging stations, which is crucial in route planning and total journey time and creates uncertainty in efficiency and operating costs, calls for new economic and statistical methods in sustainability development and environmental economics. This paper aims to examine the challenges of integrating electric vehicles into freight transport to improve distribution logistics’ environmental sustainability, which represents one of the pathways for reducing environmental risk. The analysis results underscore the inadequacy of the truck charging station network in the Czech Republic. This insufficiency presents an opportunity to enhance environmental sustainability and reduce carbon emissions through strategic analysis and optimizing charging station locations. The difficulty of identifying optimal locations for these stations, given truck availability, requires using multi-criteria decision-making techniques such as the Analytical Network Process (ANP). Municipalities with limited access to existing logistics facilities were considered during the simulation. This way, 15 new locations were identified for municipalities with insufficient distance to a charging station.By implementing the ANP method, the study contributes to a more environmentally sustainable transportation infrastructure, highlighting the potential for significant reductions in carbon emissions through improved charging station networks. These results apply to other countries and can provide novel insights on optimizing charging station locations for sustainable economic development and reducing freight transport’s carbon emissions and environmental risks.
Impact of various design parameters on solar still systems performance: a review
Authors: Shivhare Maneesh Kumar , Samsher  , Kumar Anil
Published: January 2024

The objective of the current study is to evaluate and appreciate various design parameters for simple solar stills impact yielding rate and heat transmission characteristics. For improved utility, indicators and performance comparisons of several solar stills have also been created. In the case of the enhanced wick, most of the researchers use wick on water surfaces to enhance the evaporation rate. It has been observed that the solar stills with wet wick on the side walls provide high porosity with thin film evaporation, thus improving distillation. Also, the solar stills with wick integration were superior to other types of solar desalination systems that utilize wicking materials to enhance the evaporation and condensation processes. The interpretations were significantly carried out, and numerous recommendations for future improvement and the generation of novel concepts to work around practical constraints were also made in the present study.
Synthetic Curcumin Analogs in the Treatment of Cancer: A Literature Review
Authors: Mardaneh Pegah , Lavian Salime , Bagherniya Mohammad , Roufogalis Basil , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: January 2024

Treatment of cancer, one of the most fatal diseases in the present century, has
become a topic of global concern. Unfavorable unintentional effects of chemotherapy and
radiation treatments have been the main reasons for the research on the discovery of drugs
with a broader spectrum of effectiveness and efficiency, with minimal side effects. Curcumin
(diferuloylmethane) is a naturally occurring phenolic structure with anticancer
properties through its inhibition of cell multiplication, metastasis, and prolongation of cell
cycle suppression of apoptosis in various tumor cells. The primary restriction regarding
the use of curcumin in cancer treatment is related to poor bioavailability and unfavorable
pharmacokinetic profiles of curcumin due to its poor absorption rate, fast metabolism, and
systemic elimination. A variety of ways have been proposed to overcome these limitations.
With this background, the present study focuses on providing a comprehensive
overview of the anticancer properties of curcumin derivatives and the synthesis of curcumin
analogs with application to different types of cancers. The regulation of various target
and signaling pathways is considered in various cancers, including breast, gastrointestinal,
pancreatic, prostate, skin, and lung cancers. A review of the literature indicates that modifying
the structure of curcumin through the substitution of the phenyl group and unsaturated
carbon branch around the two main sites of oxygen can result in the improvement of
physical and chemical properties, as well as the enhancement of physiological activities of
the curcumin molecule and the anti-cancer activities of this polyphenol. Curcumin analogs
demonstrate anticancer properties at multiple targets at different cell stages and by various
signaling biochemical pathways. These include cytokines, transcription factors, growth
factors, and modulation of genes involved in cellular proliferation and apoptosis in breast,
gastrointestinal, skin, prostate, and lung cancers, thereby mitigating tumor progression.
Current Development of Data Resources and Bioinformatics Tools for
Anticoronavirus Peptide
Authors: Li Bowen , Li Min , Lu Chunying , Wu Yifei , Chen Heng , He Bifang
Published: January 2024

Background:

Since December 2019, the emergence of severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2, which gave rise to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19),
has considerably impacted global health. The identification of effective anticoronavirus
peptides (ACVPs) and the establishment of robust data storage methods are critical in
the fight against COVID-19. Traditional wet-lab peptide discovery approaches are timeconsuming
and labor-intensive. With advancements in computer technology and bioinformatics,
machine learning has gained prominence in the extraction of functional peptides
from extensive datasets.

Methods:

In this study, we comprehensively review data resources and predictors related
to ACVPs published over the past two decades. In addition, we analyze the influence
of various factors on model performance.

Results:

We have reviewed nine ACVP-containing databases, which integrate detailed
information on protein fragments effective against coronaviruses, providing crucial references
for the development of antiviral drugs and vaccines. Additionally, we have assessed
15 peptide predictors for antiviral or specifically anticoronavirus activity. These
predictors employ computational models to swiftly screen potential antiviral candidates,
offering an efficient pathway for drug development.

Conclusion:

Our study provides conclusive results and insights into the performance of
different computational methods, and sheds light on the future trajectory of bioinformatics
tools for ACVPs. This work offers a representative overview of contributions to the
field, with an emphasis on the crucial role of ACVPs in combating COVID-19.
The Astonishing Accomplishment of Biological Drug Delivery using Lipid
Nanoparticles: An Ubiquitous Review
Authors: Kapoor Devesh , Chilkapalli Shirisha C. , Prajapati Bhupendra G. , Rodriques Paul , Patel Ravish , Singh Sudarshan , Bhattacharya Sankha
Published: January 2024

:

Biotech drugs, including proteins, hormones, enzymes, DNA/RNA therapies, and
cell-based treatments, are gaining popularity due to their effectiveness. However, effective delivery
systems are needed to overcome administration challenges. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs)
have emerged as promising carriers for various therapies. LNPs are biocompatible, less likely to
cause adverse reactions, and can stabilize delicate biological drugs, enhancing their stability and
solubility. Scalable and cost-effective manufacturing processes make LNPs suitable for largescale
production. Despite recent research efforts, challenges in stability, toxicity, and regulatory
concerns have limited the commercial availability of LNP-based products. This review explores
the applications, administration routes, challenges, and future directions of LNPs in delivering
biopharmaceuticals.
Bioactivities and Structure-Activity Relationships of Usnic Acid
Derivatives: A Review
Authors: Nie Wen-Zhe , Shen Qing-Kun , Quan Zhe-Shan , Guo Hong-Yan , Li Ya-Mei
Published: January 2024

Usnic acid has a variety of biological activities, and has been widely studied in the fields
of antibacterial, immune stimulation, antiviral, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and antiparasitic.
Based on this, usnic acid is used as the lead compound for structural modification. In order to enhance
the biological activity and solubility of usnic acid, scholars have carried out a large number of
structural modifications, and found some usnic acid derivatives to be of more potential research value.
In this paper, the structural modification, biological activity and structure-activity relationship of
usnic acid were reviewed to provide reference for the development of usnic acid derivatives.
Immunologic Crosstalk of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling in
Bladder Cancer
Authors: Wan Shun , Li Kun-Peng , Wang Chen-Yang , Yang Jian-Wei , Chen Si-Yu , Wang Hua-Bin , Li Xiao-Ran , Yang Li
Published: January 2024

Bladder cancer (BC) is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system. While current
approaches involving adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy have shown
significant progress in BC treatment, challenges, such as recurrence and drug resistance, persist,
especially in the case of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). It is mainly due to the lack of
pre-existing immune response cells in the tumor immune microenvironment. Micro-environmental
changes (such as hypoxia and under-nutrition) can cause the aggregation of unfolded and misfolded
proteins in the lumen, which induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. ER stress and its
downstream signaling pathways are closely related to immunogenicity and tumor drug resistance.
ER stress plays a pivotal role in a spectrum of processes within immune cells and the progression
of BC cells, encompassing cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, and resistance to therapies. Recent
studies have increasingly recognized the potential of natural compounds to exhibit anti-BC
properties through ER stress induction. Still, the efficacy of these natural compounds remains less
than that of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Currently, the ER stress-mediated immunogenic
cell death (ICD) pathway is more encouraging, which can enhance ICI responses by mediating immune
stemness. This article provides an overview of the recent developments in understanding
how ER stress influences tumor immunity and its implications for BC. Targeting this pathway
may soon emerge as a compelling therapeutic strategy for BC.