bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aesthetics and Art History Writing in Comparative Historical Perspective
Authors: Tanner Jeremy
Published: June 2010

This paper explores the similarities and differences between ancient and modern practices of art appreciation and art history writing in their institutional and cultural contexts. It traces how classical antique practices and concepts of art history and criticism were transformed from the Italian Renaissance to the 18th century. While the specific cultural meanings attributed to practices of art collecting and art criticism are significantly different, as are certain features of their institutional settings, nevertheless, these are simply variant specifications of parallel practices marked by a range of family resemblances. These render the ancient and modern practices mutually intelligible. Notwithstanding their distinctive cultural background, such apparently specifically modern and western concepts as "art" and "aesthetics" can be analytically defined in such a way as to be applicable to the expressive visual culture (in short, the "art") of other cultural traditions without serious danger of distorting their specific character.
Why Art Has Never Been Autonomous
Authors: Porter James I.
Published: June 2010

The paper is aimed at promoting debate and, hopefully, hastening the demise of some tired clichés that still dominate discussions within and beyond classics. The subject is the categories of art, art history, and aesthetics, particularly in their relation to aesthetic experience and its so-called autonomy. Were these available in ancient Greece and Rome? If not, how can talk about "ancient art" be anything but wholly anachronistic? If so, in what form were they available? In a word, were the classical past and modernity divided by a rupture around the very conceivability of art and the aesthetic?
Myth and Chronicle: A Response to the Values of Art
Authors: Elsner Jaś
Published: June 2010

In response to the variety of essays in this volume, this paper invokes Benedetto Croce's model of chronicle as a form of "presentist" empty history to interrogate some aspects of the mythologies and ideologies implied by the return to values in the discussion of Greek art. The history of the positing of such values has been both rich and fraught in the twentieth century—especially in the study of Greek art—since it takes in not only racial idealizations that turned nasty when German scholarship was inflected by Nazism, but also the complex post World War II dynamics of purging "Art" of the negative associations foisted upon it in the crisis of humanism between the years 1933 and 1945. The wealth and range of the positions taken by the contributors to this collection is testimony both to the vibrancy of contemporary appropriations of the idea of art in antiquity and to the force of modern reactions against some of the limitations of postwar scholarship. But it also operates within (and demonstrates the viability of) a deep history reaching back at least as far as Winckelmann.
Jean-Pierre Vernant and the History of the Image
Authors: Neer Richard
Published: June 2010

Does the history of ancient art have an object? This paper revisits Jean-Pierre Vernant's influential account of "the birth of images" in Greece, which denied the existence of images prior to the classical period. Contra Vernant, it argues that the historical ontology of "figural representations"—unlike other historicisms—necessarily presupposes experiences, concepts, and behaviors that are in principle sharable between ancients and moderns. It follows that Vernant's account, in its extreme form, lacks coherence. This point has significant implications for recent discussions of the "ancient viewing experience" and for efforts to purge classical archaeology of any reliance upon aesthetic categories.
Ancient Art Versus Modern Aesthetics: A Naturalist Perspective
Authors: Habinek Thomas
Published: June 2010

Debates over the applicability of the category of art to the ancient world parallel those concerning the relevance of literature and religion. From the perspective of contemporary scientific research, all three types of cultural production constitute expressions of the evolutionary drive to ritualize experience. As a result, it is not surprising that something resembling literature, religion, and art is found in all cultures, including those of antiquity. More problematical is the recurrent appeal to aesthetics, which presupposes a separable faculty of perception that does not accord with contemporary (or ancient) ecological accounts of human psychology. Ancient art history, like literary and religious history, thus has a legitimate object of inquiry, but should be wary of the unexamined assumptions about human nature that are implicit in aesthetic discourse.
The Art of Signing in Ancient Greece
Authors: Osborne Robin
Published: June 2010

Can we talk about "art" in ancient Greece, or about "artists"? Although signatures on pots and sculpture have sometimes been treated like trademarks, there are good reasons for differentiating them and seeing signatures as one mark of the self-conscious "artist." A quantitative survey of signatures on sculpture and pots suggests that pots and sculpture were sometimes signed from the earliest date, and that signing shows no pattern of straightforward increase or decrease over time. Signatures prove to be part of a communication between the creator of the object and a viewer to whom the creator's identity matters.
Geach's ‘Refutation’ of Austin Revisited
Authors: Baz Avner
Published: June 2010

A characteristic move of what is known as ‘ordinary language philosophy’ (OLP), as exemplified by J.L. Austin's discussion of knowledge in ‘Other Minds,’ is to appeal to the ordinary and normal use(s) of some philosophically troublesome word(s), with the professed aim of alleviating this or that philosophical difficulty or dispelling this or that philosophical confusion. This characteristic move has been criticized widely on the grounds that it rests on a conflation of ‘meaning’ and ‘use’; and that criticism has been quite successful in its effect: OLP is widely held nowadays within the mainstream of analytic philosophy to have somehow been refuted or otherwise seriously discredited. However, that the words in question do indeed have something referable to as ‘their meaning,’ which is not only conceptually distinguishable from their ordinary and normal uses, but alsotheoretically separablefrom these uses,in a way that renders misguided the ordinary language philosopher's characteristic appeal and validates the traditional concerns OLP set itself out to dispel, has for the most part merely been presupposed and insisted on, as opposed to argued for, by detractors of OLP.
Token Monism, Event Dualism and Overdetermination
Authors: Benbaji Hagit
Published: June 2010

The argument from causal overdetermination (‘the CO-argument’) is considered to be the shortest route to token monism. It only assumes that:

1.

Efficacy: Mental events are causes of physical events.

2.

Closure: Every physical event has a sufficient physical cause (if it has any sufficient cause).

3.

Exclusion: Systematic Causal Overdetermination (CO) is impossible: if an event x is a sufficient cause of an event y then no event x* distinct from x is a cause of y.

4.

Identity: Therefore, mental events are physical events.

Exclusion does not deny the possibility of two gunmen that fi re at a victim at the same time. But event-dualism is like a systematic fi ringsquad case — whenever I want to raise my arm, my arm is raised, and that is intolerable.
Against A Posteriori Functionalism
Authors: Moffett Marc A.
Published: June 2010

There are two constraints on any functionalist solution to the Mind-Body Problem construed as an answer to the question, ‘What is the relationship between mental properties and relations (hereafter, simply mentalproperties) and physical properties and relations?’ The first constraint is that it must actually address theMind-Body Problem and not simply redefine the debate in terms of other, more tractable, properties (e.g., the species-specific property ofhaving human-pain). Such moves can be seen to be spurious by the very multiple-realizability intuitions that motivate functionalism in the first place. For, according to those intuitions, it is possible for a being to experience pain, have beliefs, etcetera, and yet not only to be of a different species, but to have an entirely different material constitution from human beings. Such intuitions imply that our ordinary mental concepts are not species-restricted.
Autonomy, Agency, and the Value of Enduring Beliefs
Authors: Kawall Jason
Published: June 2010

There has been much recent interest in questions of value in epistemology (for a thorough overview of this work, see Pritchard 2007), and in what follows I argue that epistemologists concerned with the value of true beliefs and knowledge would do well to devote attention to the enduring nature of beliefs, and in particular to the essential role that they play in constituting agents themselves.

I begin by considering an analogy commonly drawn by epistemologists between acts in the domain of ethics and beliefs in the domain of epistemology, and argue that it is fl awed in important respects. I propose that a better, more fruitful analogue for belief would be desire, or a similarly enduring state of an agent. This revision of a commonly used analogy may be of some value in itself, but I further consider how focusing excessively upon the belief-act analogy (with its implicit emphasis on the process of belief-formation) can lead to flaws or shortcomings in our epistemic value theorizing.
Dilemmas of Rawlsian Opportunity
Authors: Gomberg Paul
Published: June 2010

InA Theory of Justiceand elsewhere John Rawls writes that the basic structure of any society affects the life prospects of those growing up in different ‘starting places,’ yet his conception of equal opportunity seems to require that one's opportunities not be affected by the class position of one's birth. Here I explicate this apparent contradiction and reconcile these assertions. In Rawlsian fair equality of opportunity children from working-class families have lesser opportunity to attain advantaged positions.

Rawls's view cannot be easily revised to allow equal prospects for all children. Within the framework of Rawls's understanding of a just society, he is right to say that his own conception of fair equality of opportunity allows deep inequalities in life prospects.
Morality or Modality? What Does the Attribution of Intentionality Depend On?
Authors: Nanay Bence
Published: June 2010

It has been argued that the attribution of intentional actions is sensitive to our moral judgment (Knobe 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, see also Mele 2003, Phelan & Sarkissian 2008). I will examine these arguments and Suggest an alternative explanation for the experiments they are based on.

Joshua Knobe conducted the following experiment (Knobe 2003) to support this claim. Subjects were given two vignettes that differed only in one small detail and this difference influenced their attribution of intentionality. The first vignette was the following:

The vice-president of a company went to the chairman of the board and said, ‘We are thinking of starting a new program. It will help us increase profits, but it will also harm the environment.’

The chairman of the board answered, ‘I don't care at all about harming the environment. I jus)t want to make as much profit as I can. Let's start the new program.’

They started the new program. Sure enough, the environment was harmed.
Reinventing the Marian Persecutions in Victorian England
Authors: Burstein Miriam Elizabeth
Published: June 2010

For nineteenth-century Protestant authors, the reign of Mary I (1553-1558) epitomized the horrors of a world in which Roman Catholics were in charge. Catholic Emancipation (1829) stimulated new Protestant anxieties about the threat to British stability posed by the nation's Catholic residents — and abetted by dangerously liberal Protestants. Protestant novelists and poets thus turned to the Marian persecutions, often by adapting narratives from John Foxe's Book of Martyrs , to warn their audiences that violent martyrdom might well be on the brink of return. In particular, their fictions staged a conflict between the treatment of Queen Mary's body and the martyr's body, especially the female martyr's body: Mary I's excessive passion for Philip of Spain and her false pregnancy emblematize the pathologies that underlie religious persecution and threaten English nationhood itself, whereas the injuries inflicted on the female martyr's body testify to the universal truths of Protestant faith. As the article's first section demonstrates, Victorian representations of Mary I and her body frequently originate from the work of the Catholic historian John Lingard; even Evangelical visions of Mary draw heavily on Lingard's and Agnes Strickland's accounts of a virtuous but ultimately frail Queen. But for Protestants, this sentimental Mary threatens the nation through her perverse sexuality and equally perverse religious obsessions. The second half of the essay turns to the role of the popular martyr Rose Allin in novels by Anna Eliza Bray and Emily Sarah Holt. Allin's resistance to torture suggested how heroic women could counteract the moral threat posed by the queen's weakness.
"Women as the Sponsoring Category": A Forum on Academic Feminism and British Women's Writing
Authors: Cvetkovich Ann , Fraiman Susan , Friedman Susan Stanford , Yaggi Miranda M.
Published: June 2010

At the 2008 18th- and 19th-Century British Women Writers conference (BWWC), Ann Cvetkovich, Susan Fraiman, and Susan Stanford Friedman presented the opening-night plenary panel devoted to mapping feminist scholarship's current priorities and concerns. Conference participants reported being both intrigued and perplexed by the speakers' seemingly bleak view of "women writers" as a useful scholarly category. This essay, conducted by the authors as a year-long email conversation, extends that plenary discussion. In addition to sketching the intellectual history of feminism within the American academy and assessing how Women's Studies (broadly defined) engages with a host of pressing interdisciplinary concerns, the authors also revisit their discussion of what defines and justifies continued work on 18th- and 19th-century British women writers.
Conversations as Signifiers: Characters on the Margins of Morality in the First Three Novels of Frances Burney
Authors: Davidson Christina
Published: June 2010

This paper shows that Frances Burney used language and interaction features in the dialogue of her novels to indicate the moral worth of some of her characters. It also shows how Burney's linking of language and morality allowed her to contribute to stimulating contemporary debates in which three major discourses of the enlightenment intersected: philosophical debates relating to the nature of goodness; consideration of the functions of language, in particular its potential to represent or govern morality; and discussions of the efficacy of spoken language in conversational contexts. In Frances Burney's novels the criteria by which people should be judged are not so much social as moral, and her heroines are located in ethical spaces where predatory opportunists, pretentious egoists, and violent oppressors are to be recognized and spurned. But recognition is not always easy, and sometimes polish and rank can mask unsavoury motives. Conduct books rarely tackled the complex issue of detecting pretence; nor did they offer a nuanced understanding of more complicated and therefore more demanding social contexts. Burney's novels address such omissions, providing narrational schemata for working through diverse situations and relationships, through the various difficulties which the heroines encounter in their educative process. For Burney, speech is the index of morality, offering a reliable code to read an individual's qualities and principles, beyond background, education, and gender. Making flexible use of modern linguistics, this paper shows how Burney encodes interiority in dialogue to signify moral marginality.
On Speech and Public Release
Authors: Gunn Joshua
Published: June 2010

This essay argues for a reprivileging of the object of speech in the study of public address. To this end, public discourse concerning the tonal qualities of male and female speech, particularly in moments of affective transgression, is examined to better discern our deeply gendered, cultural norms of eloquence. The primary case study analyzes reactions to the oratory of Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton to show how their respective vocal tones played a significant role in the 2008 presidential election.
WFB: The Gladiatorial Style and the Politics of Provocation
Authors: Lee Michael J.
Published: June 2010

William F. Buckley afforded conservatives of all stripes a provocative rhetorical style, a gladiatorial style, as I term it. The gladiatorial style is a flashy, combative style whose ultimate aim is the creation of inflammatory drama. I claim that conservatives encountered Buckley's potent arguments about God, government, and markets and the gladiatorial style simultaneously. The theatrical appeal of Buckley's gladiatorial style inspired conservative imitators with disparate beliefs and, over several decades, became one of the principal rhetorical templates for the performance of conservatism.
Redefining the "Cradle of Liberty": The President's House Controversy in Independence National Historical Park
Authors: Aden Roger C.
Published: June 2010

This article examines the public controversy surrounding the National Park Service's decision about how best to recognize the site of the nation's first executive mansion—the President's House—in Philadelphia's Independence National Historical Park. The first of the house's two presidential occupants, George Washington, kept nine slaves in the mansion while circumventing a Pennsylvania law that could have given the slaves their freedom. The National Park staff's resistance to acknowledging Washington's actions led to an ongoing and lengthy public debate that eventually resulted in the decision to build an installation that recognized all of the occupants of the house. Advocates for building such a site invoked two types of vernacular discourse—a counternarrative ("Liberty has been incompletely enacted") and a representative anecdote ("Excavating buried history")—that embraced the traditions of storytelling at Independence National Historical Park.
Imperial Alterity and Identity Slippage: The Sin of Becoming "Other" in Edmund D. Morel's King Leopold's Rule in Africa
Authors: Bass Jeff D.
Published: June 2010

The tradition of postcolonial critique has long noted that the construction of an imperial identity of "alterity," the posture of moral superiority that serves to differentiate the imperialist from those under his or her control and thus legitimate the practice of expansion, is a significant characteristic of imperial discourse. For the most part, however, this critical practice has focused on the construct of alterity as a justification for imperial oppression on the basis of racialized images of subject populations. This essay approaches alterity as a property to be maintained by the imperial culture itself as crucial to its understanding of its own identity. Failure to maintain such an identity constitutes the ultimate "sin" of identity slippage, a "sin" that undermines the moral validity of empire. This argument is detailed through an analysis of Edmund D. Morel's book-length exposé of Belgian atrocities committed against the peoples of the Congo entitled King Leopold's Rule in Africa. Morel's text is not so much concerned with evoking reader pity for the plight of the Congolese as with inciting outrage over the subversion of imperialism by the Belgians' abandonment of their own imperial alterity.
Simulating the Effects of Financial Aid Packages on College Student Stopout, Reenrollment Spells, and Graduation Chances
Authors: DesJardins Stephen L. , McCall Brian P.
Published: June 2010

This study investigates the impact that different financial aid packages have on student stopout, reenrollment, and graduation probabilities. The authors simulate how various financial aid packaging regimes affect the occurrence and timing of these events. Their findings indicate that the number and duration of enrollment and stopout spells affect graduation chances. Simulations conducted indicate that the way financial aid is packaged over students’ academic careers can significantly affect their stopout, reenrollment, and subsequent graduation chances.
What Determines Faculty-Engaged Scholarship?
Authors: Vogelgesang Lori J. , Denson Nida , Jayakumar Uma M.
Published: June 2010

This paper examines how faculty and institutional characteristics shape engaged scholarship. Controlling for faculty dispositions, disciplinary differences, and institutional characteristics, the authors examined the impact of perceived institutional support for community partnerships, community-based research, and teaching on faculty engagement. They found that institutional support significantly increased the likelihood that faculty members used their scholarship to address local community needs, and the likelihood that they collaborated with local community in research and teaching.
A Sociolinguistic Profile of the Peruvian Deaf Community
Authors: Parks Elizabeth , Parks Jason
Published: June 2010

A sociolinguistic survey of the sign language used by the deaf communities of Peru was conducted in November and December of 2007. For eight weeks, our survey team visited six deaf communities in the cities of Lima, Arequipa, Cusco, Trujillo, Chiclayo, and Iquitos. Using sociolinguistic questionnaires and recorded text testing (RTT) tools, we explored the general social situation of these communities, as well as sociolinguistic topics such as ethnolinguistic identity, language vitality and stability, and the attitudes of deaf people toward their local sign variety. We also probed sign language standardization and variation in Peru. During background research, we had heard reports that Peruvian Sign Language (LSP) was similar to American Sign Language (ASL), but the responses of the questionnaire participants and comprehension testing of an ASL text in various deaf communities in Peru indicate that ASL is quite different from LSP.
Decomposition of a phenolic lignin model compound over organic N-bases in an ionic liquid
Authors: Jia Songyan , Cox Blair J. , Guo Xinwen , Zhang Z. Conrad , Ekerdt John G.
Published: June 2010

Lignin depolymerization is a necessary process step in utilizing the carbohydrates in biomass and in potentially converting the lignin into a chemical feedstock. Lignin contains several aryl-alkyl ether linkages and the β-O-4 linkage is dominant among lignins. Base-mediated cleavage of the β-O-4 bond in a lignin model compound, guaiacylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether, is reported. Ionic liquids have shown promise in a variety of biomass processes and this study explores the potential to use an ionic liquid solvent (1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride) and non-aqueous bases in cleaving the β-O-4 bond. N-bases of varying basicity and structure were used at temperatures up to 150°C. The cleavage reaction was not found to be catalytic. Among all the tested N-bases, 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene was the most active, leading to more than 40% β-O-4 ether bond cleavage, and the higher activity is probably associated with the exposed nature of the N-atoms.
Evaluation of physical educators' knowledge about epilepsy
Authors: Vancini Rodrigo Luiz , Lira Claudio Andre Barbosa de , Silva Sergio Gomes da , Scorza Fúlvio Alexandre , Silva Antonio Carlos da , Vieira Douglas , Cavalheiro Esper Abrão , Arida Ricardo Mario
Published: June 2010

People with epilepsy suffer from a considerable lack of physical activity. In addition, an important problem of epilepsy management is the lack of qualified professionals. In this study we present data from a survey which aimed to assess physical educators' general knowledge about epilepsy. One hundred and thirty four physical educators of both sexes answered a questionnaire. Sixty percent of the professionals believe that a seizure is an abnormal electrical discharge of the brain, 13% that epilepsy is a cerebral chronic disease that can not be cured or controlled, 84% that people having convulsions will not necessarily present epilepsy and 5% that people with epilepsy have difficulties of learning. Questions concerned previous professional experience with epilepsy showed that 61% have seen a seizure and 53% have access to some information about epilepsy. Thus, 28% of professionals have a friend or relative with epilepsy, 14% have a student with epilepsy, and 29% helped someone during seizures. Our findings reveal a lack of physical educators' appropriate knowledge about epilepsy. Improvement of this might contribute to the improvement of epilepsy care/management.
Septo-optic dysplasia
Authors: Ferran Karina de , Paiva Isla Aguiar , Gilban Daniel Luiz Schueftan , Resende Monique , Souza Micheline Abreu Rayol de , Beserra Izabel Calland Ricarte , Guimarães Marilia Martins
Published: June 2010

Septo-optic dysplasia (SOD), also referred to as de Morsier syndrome, is a rare congenital condition, characterized by two of the classic triad features: midline brain abnormalities, optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) and pituitary endocrine dysfunction. We report 5 children with SOD, originally referred to be evaluated due to short stature, who also presented bilateral optic nerve hypoplasia, nystagmus and development delay. In 4 of the patients, we identified neuroimaging abnormalities of the hypothalamo-pituitary axis such as anterior pituitary hypoplasia (3/5), ectopic posterior pituitary (4/5), thin or absent stalk (3/5) and empty sella (1/5). We also encountered diverse pituitary deficiencies: growth hormone (3/5), adrenocorticotropic hormone (3/5), thyroid-stimulating hormone (2/5) and antidiuretic hormone (1/5). Only one child presented intact pituitary function and anatomy. Although rare, SOD is an important cause of congenital hypopituitarism and it should be considered in children with optic nerve hypoplasia or midline brain abnormalities for early diagnosis and treatment.
Análise do Programa de Desenvolvimento do Turismo do Nordeste (Prodetur/NE) na perspectiva do planejamento estratégico
Authors: Paiva Maria das Graças de Menezes Venâncio
Published: June 2010

Este artigo analisa o Programa de Desenvolvimento do Turismo no Nordeste (Prode-tur/NE). A análise será feita dentro de uma perspectiva crítica que busca entender sua estrutura de gerenciamento. O programa é baseado em uma abordagem de autossustentabilidade e num moderno gerenciamento que supõe planejamento participativo e estratégico envolvendo parceria e ampla rede a alianças. Somente um elevado grau de consciência entre os vários atores nordestinos poderá garantir o sucesso do programa, o que implica consciência de todos eles em relação à interdependência entre os governos federal, estadual e municipal, bem com o empresariado e as organizações não governamentais (ONGs).
Indicadores clínicos e pré-hospitalares de sobrevivência no trauma fechado: uma análise multivariada
Authors: Malvestio Marisa Aparecida Amaro , Sousa Regina Marcia Cardoso de
Published: June 2010

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar os indicadores clínicos e pré-hospitalares associados à sobrevivência de vítimas de trauma fechado. Foram utilizadas a análise de sobrevivência de Kaplan Meier, e de Riscos Proporcionais de Cox, para analisar a associação de 33 variáveis ao óbito precoce e tardio, propondo modelos multivariados. Os modelos finais até 48h pós-trauma evidenciaram altos coeficientes de risco promovidos pelas lesões abdominais, Injury Severity Score >25, procedimentos respiratórios avançados e compressões torácicas pré-hospitalares. No modelo até 7 dias, a pressão arterial sistólica na cena do acidente, se menor de 75mmHg, foi associada a maior risco de óbito e se ausente, foi associada ao mais elevado risco de óbito após 7 dias. A reposição de volume pré-hospitalar apresentou efeito protetor em todos os períodos. Os resultados sugerem que a magnitude da hipoxemia e da instabilidade hemodinâmica diante da hemorragia, influenciaram de forma significante o óbito precoce e tardio desse grupo de vítimas.
Tuberculose: tratamento supervisionado nas Coordenadorias de Saúde Norte, Oeste e Leste do Município de São Paulo
Authors: Queiroz Elisangela Martins de , Bertolozzi Maria Rita
Published: June 2010

O estudo objetivou analisar potencialidades e limites da estratégia do Tratamento Diretamente Supervisionado (DOTS), sob o ponto de vista de pacientes e trabalhadores de Unidades Básicas de Saúde das Coordenadorias Norte, Oeste e Leste, do Município de São Paulo. Os depoimentos foram coletados, após consentimento livre e esclarecido, e decodificados por meio de técnica de análise de discurso. Tomando-se como referencial teórico a Teoria da Determinação Social do Processo Saúde-Doença, de modo geral, identificou-se que o DOTS possibilita a criação de vínculo e que a adesão ao tratamento se associa à necessidade de volta ao trabalho. Os limites identificados foram: o não envolvimento dos profissionais no tratamento e a irregular distribuição de incentivos. Os achados revelam que a adesão ao tratamento transcende o âmbito biológico e individual, apontando-se como fundamental que os trabalhadores de saúde reconheçam os pacientes como portadores de necessidades, que não se restringem ao tratamento da tuberculose.
Reação de cultivares de algodoeiro a Ramularia areola
Authors: Lima Lonjoré Leocádio de , Barreto Modesto , Scaloppi Érika Auxiliadora Giacheto
Published: June 2010

Dentre as doenças causadoras de manchas foliares em algodoeiro, a mancha de ramulária (Ramularia areola Atk) tem se tornado importante em virtude das condições climáticas favoráveis para o desenvolvimento do patógeno, aliadas ao uso de cultivares suscetíveis, plantio consecutivo e extenso. Neste trabalho avaliaram-se os cultivares Delta Opal, Acala 90, Makina, Delta Penta e Sure Grow 821 quanto à resistência a R. areola, em condições de campo na FCAV-UNESP, no ano de 2006. A severidade da doença, que ocorreu por infecção natural das plantas pelo fungo, foi avaliada semanalmente em trinta plantas devidamente marcadas, utilizando-se uma escala descritiva de notas: 1 = 0%, 2 = até 5%, 3 = de 5,1 a 25%, 4 = de 25,1 a 50% e 5 = acima de 50% de área foliar com sintomas. Foram elaboradas curvas de progresso da doença para os cinco cultivares e o modelo monomolecular foi o que melhor se ajustou aos dados, em comparação com o logístico, o exponencial e o modelo de Gompertz. A análise dos dados indicou que houve diferença significativa entre os genótipos, sendo que Delta Opal, Makina e Sure Grow 821 mostraram-se mais suscetíveis e Delta Penta e Acala 90 mais resistentes ao fungo.
Avaliação do ajuste das funções weibull e hiperbólica a dados de povoamentos de eucalipto submetidos a desbaste
Authors: Leite Helio Garcia , Binoti Daniel Henrique Breda , Guimarães Daniel Pereira , Silva Mayra Luiza Marques da , Garcia Silvana Lages Ribeiro
Published: June 2010

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as funções de Weibull e Hiperbólica quanto à capacidade de descrição da estrutura diamétrica de povoamentos de eucalipto submetidos a desbaste. As funções com quatro e três parâmetros foram ajustadas a dados de 48 parcelas permanentes instaladas em um povoamento desbastado de um clone híbrido de eucalipto (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla), localizado na região Nordeste do Estado da Bahia. Essas parcelas foram mensuradas em 10 ocasiões, a partir de 27 meses de idade. Foi avaliado, também, o ajuste da função Weibull de dois parâmetros por aproximação linear. A aderência foi avaliada pelo teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Também, foram comparadas as somas de quadrados dos resíduos (SQR), dos diferentes ajustamentos. Todas as funções apresentaram aderência aos dados (P>0,01). A função hiperbólica apresentou menor soma de quadrados de resíduos e menores valores para o teste de aderência. A função Weibull, quando ajustada por aproximação linear, apresentou os maiores valores de soma de quadrado de resíduos e de significância no teste de aderência. Foi comprovada a ineficiência do ajuste da função Weibull por aproximação linear.
Curva de dissipação de imazapyr em água de drenos de irrigação, após aplicação para controle da taboa
Authors: Prates H.T. , Silva J.B. , Fabris J.D. , Ferreira G.A.L. , Leite C.E.P. , Batista M.J.
Published: June 2010

O herbicida sistêmico imazapyr foi usado no controle da taboa (Typha subulata Crespo & Peres-Moreau f.) em drenos de irrigação, como alternativa ao controle mecânico. O resíduo do princípio ativo do herbicida na água foi analisado por cromatografia líquida de alta performance (HPLC). A curva de dissipação de imazapyr mostrou que o herbicida pode ser usado para o controle de taboa em drenos de irrigação, sem causar danos a culturas vizinhas, desde que a água seja usada, no mínimo, depois de 1,6 a 3,7 dias da aplicação das doses de 500 a 1500 g ha-1, respectivamente.
Controle do arroz vermelho através do herbicida sulfosate isolado e em misturacom adjuvantes
Authors: Foloni Luiz L. , Rodrigues João D. , Ono Elizabeth O.
Published: June 2010

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência do herbicida sulfosate, aplicado isoladamente e em misturas com diferentes adjuvantes, comparado com o herbicida glifosate, ambos aplicados com baixo volume de calda, no controle da planta daninha arroz vermelho (Oryza sativa L.) sob aplicação em condições de préplantio da cultura do arroz. O experimento foi conduzido em campo, sendo a área experimental instalada na cultura de arroz irrigado, variedade IAC-101. A área de pousio recebeu uma lâmina de água de 5 a 10cm de pro fundidade por dois dias, e após a retirada, o arroz vermelho começou a germinar. Quando o mesmo atingiu cerca de 20-25cm de altura, procedeu-se a aplicação de herbicidas de manejo (pré-plantio) . Após 16 dias da aplicação foi efetuado o plantio da cultura com densidade de 60-80 sementes/metro linear e profundidade de 3cm, sendo o espaçamento utilizado de 21,8cm entre linhas. Foram testados tratamentos com os seguintes produtos: sulfosate a 1,20; 1,44 e 1,68Kg i.a./ha e glifosate a 1,20; 1,44 e 1,68Kg i.a./ha, ambos os produtos aplicados isolados e em misturas com os seguintes adjuvantes: Poliglicol, Organosilicone e Amina Graxa, além de uma testemunha não capinada. Para a avaliação do efeito dos tratamentos empregados foram realizadas as seguintes avaliações: fitotoxicidade aperente, porcentagem de controle do arroz vermelho; altura do arroz vermelho (em cm); estande da cultura (no de per filhos/metro linear) e altura da cultura (em cm). Através dos resultados obtidos pode-se concluir que os herbicidas sulfosate, glifosate nas formulações comerciais Rodeo e Roundup, nas doses de 1,20; 1,44 e 1,68Kg i.a./ha, aplicados isolados (exceto o Rodeo) e conjuntamente com os adjuvantes poliglicol (Mojante), organosilicone (Silwet) e amina graxa (Frigate) (exceto Roundup, que foi utilizado apenas com o adjuvante amina graxa e sozinho), propiciaram excelente nível de controle do arroz vermelho, quando aplicados em pós-emergência e área total, e pré-plantio da cultura de arroz, implantada no sistema de plantio direto. Também foi verificado que não ocorreu diferença quanto à eficiência entre sulfosate e glifosate no controle do arroz vermelho, ambos controlando de forma eficiente a planta daninha.
Os procedimentos adotados pelo tribunal de contas do Piauí para a verificação das receitas e despesas vinculadas à educação
Authors: Davies Nicholas
Published: June 2010

O artigo analisa procedimentos do Tribunal de Contas (TC) do Piauí para a verificação da receita e despesa vinculada à educação, constatando a oscilação e pouca clareza e firmeza na definição destes procedimentos. Por exemplo, embora a Constituição Estadual previsse o percentual mínimo de 30% em manutenção e desenvolvimento do ensino (MDE), o TC só passou a exigir este cumprimento a partir de uma resolução sua de 1998. Mesmo assim, admitiu que, no caso de Teresina e outros municípios, esta exigência viesse a ser cumprida gradualmente e só alcançasse os 30% em 2002. Em 2004, no entanto, reduziu esta exigência para 25%. Com relação à contabilização de receitas e despesas, os procedimentos também variaram. A Resolução n. 1.606, de 1998, por exemplo, não detalhou as receitas vinculadas à MDE. Na definição de despesas classificadas como MDE, o TC acrescentou alguns itens não previstos nos artigos 70 e 71 da LDB, confundindo gastos legalmente definidos como MDE com os classificados pela Lei do Orçamento Público.
Discursos de jovens adolescentes portugueses sobre sexualidade e amor: implicações para a educação sexual
Authors: Saavedra Luísa , Nogueira Conceição , Magalhães Sara
Published: June 2010

Os esforços para diminuir os comportamentos sexuais de risco de adolescentes e jovens têm conduzido a resultados que ficam aquém das expectativas. Algumas causas para este fracasso parecem dever-se ao seu desconhecimento sobre os mitos e crenças associados à sexualidade. Tentando ultrapassar algumas das limitações de estudos anteriores, o objectivo deste trabalhar foi auscultar directamente jovens adolescentes,1 procurando entender, de uma forma mais espontânea e profunda, as percepções e crenças associadas às relações amorosas e sexuais. Para isso, recolheram-se os seus discursos ao longo de um programa de educação sexual e usou-se a Análise Foucaudiana do Discurso como método de análise dos resultados. Estes apontam para a presença do duplo padrão sexual, embora pareça desenhar-se uma tendência para um padrão sexual singular e para a pouca importância atribuída aos comportamentos de prevenção. Conclui-se com a referência a algumas pistas para a educação sexual.
Redes de relações sociais e acesso ao emprego entre os jovens: o discurso da meritocracia em questão
Authors: Silva Mariléia Maria da
Published: June 2010

Este trabalho consiste em analisar a trajetória de inserção profissional dos egressos do ensino superior, enfatizando as formas de acesso empregadas pelos jovens para alcançar um emprego, relacionando-as às redes de relações sociais. O discurso em voga, sobretudo proveniente dos arautos das agências de consultoria de recursos humanos, enfatiza o aumento da qualificação como antídoto contra o desemprego. O estudo se pauta nos dados obtidos para elaboração de tese de doutorado. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam três modos predominantes de acesso ao emprego: "intermédio da família", "intermédio dos amigos" e "concurso público". Nesse sentido, a garantia de estabilidade no emprego representada pelo ingresso no setor público e as formas particularistas são as que se destacam, o que contraria o discurso da excelência da competitividade como fator determinante na conquista e permanência no emprego.
Síntese de grandes feridas da parede corpórea com tira elástica de borracha
Authors: Petroianu Andy
Published: June 2010

RACIONAL: As grandes feridas da parede corpórea, decorrentes de traumas extensos, retirada de tumores ou laparostomias prolongadas constituem um desafio cirúrgico de difícil solução. OBJETIVO: Mostrar a eficácia da aproximação das bordas de grandes feridas, utilizando tira elástica de borracha. MÉTODO: Uma ou duas tiras elásticas de borracha (gominha circular) foram suturadas sob tensão moderada às bordas opostas de 21 grandes feridas, em diversas localizações corpóreas. Essas tiras eram substituídas, quando rompiam, ou refixadas, quando perdiam a tensão, até obter-se a aproximação completa das bordas das feridas. RESULTADO: Em todos os casos houve o fechamento completo das feridas, sem outro procedimento ou artifício auxiliar.Não ocorreu complicação maior decorrente desse tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: A síntese de grandes feridas corpóreas com tiras de borracha mantidas sob tensão moderada é uma alternativa simples, eficaz e de custo baixo, que pode ser utilizada em muitas circunstâncias cirúrgicas.
Síndrome do intestino curto: uma nova alternativa de tratamento cirúrgico
Authors: Franzon Orli , Suzuki Hideo , Sato Karina Midori , Piccoli Maria Claudia , Volpato Marília Granzotto
Published: June 2010

INTRODUÇÃO: A síndrome do intestino curto resulta de comprimento total de intestino delgado inadequado para manter a nutrição, e assim, os pacientes tornam-se cronicamente dependentes de nutrição parenteral total. Numerosas estratégias cirúrgicas foram estudadas para restabelecer a função intestinal normal. OBJETIVO: Propor a utilização da inversão de segmento de alça associada à STEP - Serial Transverse Enteroplasty - para aumentar a área absortiva intestinal em pacientes com síndrome do intestino curto. MÉTODO: Os autores descrevem uma nova alternativa para o tratamento cirúrgico da síndrome do intestino curto, demonstrando sua facilidade e eficiência para o objetivo proposto. RESULTADOS: As duas técnicas associadas permitiram alongar a alça intestinal em 2,6 vezes do comprimento original, com posterior ganho de peso, redução do número de evacuações para uma exoneração ao dia e melhora da qualidade de vida social e psicológica. CONCLUSÃO: Essa técnica de inversão de segmento de alça intestinal e posterior STEP surge como tratamento eficiente e definitivo à síndrome do intestino curto de forma promissora e segura permitindo retorno à alimentação por via oral com satisfatória absorção de nutrientes e ganho de peso, retorno da motilidade efetiva intestinal, associada à baixa morbidade e melhoria da qualidade de vida social e psicológica. Apesar de requerer várias cargas de grampeadores lineares apresenta baixa morbidade e passa a tornar-se um potencial substituto para o transplante intestinal.
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) diagnosis of blunt pancreatic trauma associated to the superior mesenteric vein thrombosis
Authors: Artifon Everson L. A. , Couto-Júnior Décio S. , Fraga Gustavo P. , Sakai Paulo , Rasslan Samir
Published: June 2010

BACKGROUND: Blunt pancreatic injuries occur when a high-energy crushing force is applied to the upper abdomen. In adults, the majority of blunt pancreatic injuries result from motor vehicle accidents. CASE REPORT: Male with 32 years old had a high-energy crushing history in witch he was pressured by the chest on the front car area. His life signs demonstrated to be regular. Ct scan demonstrated body pancreatic edema. All routine laboratorial exams were normal, EUS revealed pancreatic lesion grade II without involvement of the pancreatic duct and an impressive superior mesenteric vein thrombosis. He was sustained by means of anti- coagulation for about two months and after that time the multislice CT scan showed a mesenteric vein recanalization and a normal pancreatic parenchyma. The patient had an uneventfull follow-up. CONCLUSION: Patients presenting possible pancreatic trauma associated to superior mesenteric vein thrombosis, EUS must be used firstly.
Avaliação da eficácia do software "Alfabetização Fônica" para alunos com deficiência mental
Authors: Hein Julia Margarida , Teixeira Maria Cristina Triguero Veloz , Seabra Alessandra Gotuzo , Macedo Elizeu Coutinho de
Published: June 2010

o objetivo do estudo foi verificar a eficácia da intervenção com o software Alfabetização Fônica Computadorizada em alunos com deficiência mental. O software possibilita a realização de atividades que desenvolvem a consciência fonológica e a compreensão das relações grafofonêmicas. Participaram do estudo 22 crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 10 a 17 anos. Foi feita avaliação inicial do nível intelectual com a Escala de Maturidade Mental Columbia e a Escala de Inteligência Weschsler para Crianças. Os participantes foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: experimental e controle. Os grupos foram pareados por sexo, idade e nível de inteligência. A Bateria de Avaliação de Leitura e Escrita e a Prova de Consciência Fonológica por Produção Oral foram aplicadas no início e término do estudo. Dezesseis sessões individuais com o software "Alfabetização Fônica Computadorizada" foram conduzidas com os participantes do grupo experimental. Os resultados indicaram melhora nas habilidades de escrita e leitura e nos indicadores de consciência fonológica apenas para as crianças e adolescentes do grupo experimental. Comparação com dados normativos identificaram que os participantes do grupo experimental apresentavam um desempenho semelhante ao de crianças no final do ensino infantil e, após a intervenção o desempenho era semelhante aqueles da 2ª série do ensino fundamental.
A historiografia das produções em periódicos de Sadao Omote
Authors: Piccolo Gustavo Martins , Moscardini Saulo Fantato , Costa Vanderlei Balbino da
Published: June 2010

buscamos através deste texto materializar o percurso histórico trilhado pelos artigos em periódicos de Sadao Omote ao longo de suas três décadas de produção acadêmico - científica. Para tanto, recorremos ao currículo Lattes do referido autor e listamos todos seus artigos (41) incorporados na referida plataforma. Após este breve caminho exploratório, realizamos uma árida busca pela totalidade destes textos, apenas consubstanciada com a ajuda do próprio autor, o qual nos disponibilizou os textos faltantes. Feito isto, lemos minuciosamente cada artigo três vezes, extraindo deles os principais conceitos referentes à Educação Especial como campo de conhecimento. A intersecção destes elementos corporifica-se na presente análise, dividida em três partes, a saber: a) conceitos basilares trabalhados por Omote no campo da Educação Especial; b) idéias e apontamentos sobre o fenômeno da inclusão, dirigindo especial ênfase aos aspectos relacionados ao ambiente escolar, e; c) principais referências e temas retratados pelo referido autor; cuja concretude objetiva destacar criticamente os principais apontamentos de Sadao Omote referente à Educação Especial, nosso campo de estudo, e possíveis caminhos dialéticos à edificação de um sistema educacional que seja radical na qualidade de ensino por ele ministrada.
Pediculose nos centros de educação infantil: conhecimentos e práticas dos trabalhadores
Authors: Gabani Flávia Lopes , Maebara Clarice Martins Lima , Ferrari Rosângela Aparecida Pimenta
Published: June 2010

Este trabalho objetivou identificar e analisar conhecimentos e práticas, acerca da pediculose, dos trabalhadores de Centros de Educação Infantil (CEI) das áreas de abrangência de duas Unidades de Saúde da Família, Londrina, Paraná. Trata-se de estudo descritivo transversal. Foi aplicado formulário com questões sobre mitos, tabus, práticas, dúvidas e dificuldades na interrupção da infestação da pediculose em oito CEI. Posteriormente, realizou-se oficina com materiais educativos. Participaram 60,4% dos funcionários, aqueles que estavam presentes no dia determinado pela instituição. Quase a totalidade referiu infestação pela ectoparasitose, assim como em seus familiares. A problemática é enfrentada cotidianamente nos CEI (72,1%). Práticas adequadas de enfrentamento ainda são limitadas. Muitos mitos e tabus persistem (piolhos pulam, uso de sal, vinagre e querosene, etc.). As principais dúvidas estão relacionadas ao tratamento, e a maior dificuldade é a falta de colaboração dos pais. Ressalta-se, enfim, necessidade e importância de ações intersetoriais, preventivas e sistemáticas, no ambiente escolar.