bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on the evolution and driving forces of the manufacturing industry during the “13th five-year plan” period in Jiangsu province of China based on natural language processing
Authors: Shen Shiguang , Zhu Chaoyang , Fan Chenjing , Wu Chengcheng , Huang Xinran , Zhou Lin
Published: August 2021

The development of China’s manufacturing industry has received global attention. However, research on the distribution pattern, changes, and driving forces of the manufacturing industry has been limited by the accessibility of data. This study proposes a method for classifying based on natural language processing. A case study was conducted employing this method, hotspot detection and driving force analysis, wherein the driving forces industrial development during the “13th Five-Year plan” period in Jiangsu province were determined. The main conclusions of the empirical case study are as follows. 1) Through the acquisition of Amap’s point-of-interest (POI, a special point location that commonly used in modern automotive navigation systems.) data, an industry type classification algorithm based on the natural language processing of POI names is proposed, with Jiangsu Province serving as an example. The empirical test shows that the accuracy was 95%, and the kappa coefficient was 0.872. 2) The seven types of manufacturing industries including the pulp and paper (PP) industry, metallurgical chemical (MC) industry, pharmaceutical manufacturing (PM) industry, machinery and electronics (ME) industry, wood furniture (WF) industry, textile clothing (TC) industry, and agricultural and food product processing (AF) industry are drawn through a 1 km× 1km projection grid. The evolution map of the spatial pattern and the density field hotspots are also drawn. 3) After analyzing the driving forces of the changes in the number of manufacturing industries mentioned above, we found that manufacturing base, distance from town, population, GDP per capita, distance from the railway station were the significant driving factors of changes in the manufacturing industries mentioned above. The results of this research can help guide the development of manufacturing industries, maximize the advantages of regional factors and conditions, and provide insight into how the spatial layout of the manufacturing industry could be optimized.
On limits of contact tracing in epidemic control
Authors: Piasecki Tomasz , Mucha Piotr B. , Rosińska Magdalena
Published: August 2021

Contact tracing and quarantine are well established non-pharmaceutical epidemic control tools. The paper aims to clarify the impact of these measures in evolution of epidemic. The proposed deterministic model defines a simple rule on the reproduction number R in terms of ratio of diagnosed cases and, quarantine and transmission parameters. The model is applied to the early stage of Covid19 crisis in Poland. We investigate 3 scenarios corresponding to different ratios of diagnosed cases. Our results show that, depending on the scenario, contact tracing prevented from 50% to over 90% of cases. The effects of quarantine are limited by fraction of undiagnosed cases. The key conclusion is that under realistic assumptions the epidemic can not be controlled without any social distancing measures.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on microbial keratitis presentation patterns
Authors: Butt Gibran F. , Recchioni Alberto , Moussa George , Hodson James , Wallace Graham R. , Murray Philip I. , Rauz Saaeha
Published: August 2021

Background

Microbial keratitis (MK) is the most common non-surgical ophthalmic emergency, and can rapidly progress, causing irreversible sight-loss. This study explored whether the COVID-19 (C19) national lockdown impacted upon the clinical presentation and outcomes of MK at a UK tertiary-care centre.

Methods

Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for all patients with presumed MK requiring corneal scrapes, presenting between 23rd March and 30th June in 2020 (Y2020), and the equivalent time windows in 2017, 2018 and 2019 (pre-C19).

Results

In total, 181 and 49 patients presented during the pre-C19 and Y2020 periods, respectively. In Y2020, concurrent ocular trauma (16.3% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.030) and immunosuppression use (12.2% vs 1.7%, p = 0.004) were more prevalent. Despite proportionately fewer ward admissions during the pandemic (8.2% vs 32.6%, p<0.001), no differences were observed in baseline demographics; presenting visual acuity (VA; median 0.6 vs 0.6 LogMAR, p = 0.785); ulcer area (4.0 vs 3.0mm2, p = 0.520); or final VA (0.30 vs 0.30 LogMAR, p = 0.990). Whilst the overall rates of culture positivity were similar in Y2020 and pre-C19 (49.0% vs. 54.7%, p = 0.520), there were differences in the cultures isolated, with a lower rate of poly-microbial cultures in Y2020 (8.3% vs. 31.3%, p = 0.022).

Conclusions

Patient characteristics, MK severity and final visual outcomes did not appear to be affected in the first UK lockdown, despite fewer patients being admitted for care. Concurrent trauma and systemic immunosuppression use were greater than in previous years. The difference in spectra of isolated organisms may relate to behavioural changes, such as increased hand hygiene.
Phosphorylation of PUF-A/PUM3 on Y259 modulates PUF-A stability and cell proliferation
Authors: Lin Hung-Wei , Lee Jin-Yu , Chou Nai-Lin , Shih Ting-Wei , Chang Mau-Sun
Published: August 2021

Human PUF-A/PUM3 is a RNA and DNA binding protein participating in the nucleolar processing of 7S to 5.8S rRNA. The nucleolar localization of PUF-A redistributes to the nucleoplasm upon the exposure to genotoxic agents in cells. However, little is known regarding the roles of PUF-A in tumor progression. Phosphoprotein database analysis revealed that Y259 phosphorylation of PUF-A is the most prevalent residue modified. Here, we reported the importance of PUF-A’s phosphorylation on Y259 in tumorigenesis. PUF-A gene was knocked out by the Crispr/Cas9 method in human cervix epithelial HeLa cells. Loss of PUF-A in HeLa cells resulted in reduced clonogenic and lower transwell invasion capacity. Introduction of PUF-AY259F to PUF-A deficient HeLa cells was unable to restore colony formation. In addition, the unphosphorylated mutant of PUF-A, PUF-AY259F, attenuated PUF-A protein stability. Our results suggest the important role of Y259 phosphorylation of PUF-A in cell proliferation.
Patient costs for prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission and antiretroviral therapy services in public health facilities in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chingombe Innocent , Mapingure Munyaradzi P. , Balachandra Shirish , Chipango Tendayi N. , Gambanga Fiona , Mushavi Angela , Apollo Tsitsi , Suraratdecha Chutima , Rogers John H. , Ruangtragool Leala , Gonese Elizabeth , Musuka Godfrey N. , Mugurungi Owen M. , Harris Tiffany G.
Published: August 2021

Zimbabwe has made large strides in addressing HIV. To ensure a continued robust response, a clear understanding of costs associated with its HIV program is critical. We conducted a cross-sectional evaluation in 2017 to estimate the annual average patient cost for accessing Prevention of Mother-To-Child Transmission (PMTCT) services (through antenatal care) and Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) services in Zimbabwe. Twenty sites representing different types of public health facilities in Zimbabwe were included. Data on patient costs were collected through in-person interviews with 414 ART and 424 PMTCT adult patients and through telephone interviews with 38 ART and 47 PMTCT adult patients who had missed their last appointment. The mean and median annual patient costs were examined overall and by service type for all participants and for those who paid any cost. Potential patient costs related to time lost were calculated by multiplying the total time to access services (travel time, waiting time, and clinic visit duration) by potential earnings (US$75 per month assuming 8 hours per day and 5 days per week). Mean annual patient costs for accessing services for the participants was US$20.00 [standard deviation (SD) = US$80.42, median = US$6.00, range = US$0.00–US$12,18.00] for PMTCT and US$18.73 (SD = US$58.54, median = US$8.00, range = US$0.00–US$ 908.00) for ART patients. The mean annual direct medical costs for PMTCT and ART were US$9.78 (SD = US$78.58, median = US$0.00, range = US$0.00–US$ 90) and US$7.49 (SD = US$60.00, median = US$0.00) while mean annual direct non-medical cost for US$10.23 (SD = US$17.35, median = US$4.00) and US$11.23 (SD = US$25.22, median = US$6.00, range = US$0.00–US$ 360.00). The PMTCT and ART costs per visit based on time lost were US$3.53 (US$1.13 to US$8.69) and US$3.43 (US$1.14 to US$8.53), respectively. The mean annual patient costs per person for PMTCT and ART in this evaluation will impact household income since PMTCT and ART services in Zimbabwe are supposed to be free.
Tempo-spatial variations of zooplankton communities in relation to environmental factors and the ecological implications: A case study in the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China
Authors: Lan Bo , He Liping , Huang Yujing , Guo Xianhua , Xu Wenfeng , Zhu Chi
Published: August 2021

To expand the knowledge on the tempo-spatial patterns of zooplankton and the key modulated factors in urban aquatic ecosystem, we investigated zooplankton and water quality from April 2018 to January 2019 in the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir area, Wanzhou City of China. The results indicated that water quality indicated by the trophic state index (TSI) reached a state of mesotrophication to light eutrophication in the Yangtze River, and a state of moderate- to hyper- eutrophication in its tributaries. Based on the biomass of zooplanktons, Asplanchna priodonta was the most common specie in April; Encentrum sp., Filinia cornuta and Epiphanes senta were the most noticeable species in summer; Cyclopoida Copepodid, Sinocalanus dorrii and Philodina erythrophthalma became the dominant species in winter. Generally, rotifers prevailed in April and August, and copepods became the most popular in January. According to canonical correspondence analysis, nitrate, temperature (T), ammonia, water level and permanganate index (CODMn) significantly influenced the community structure of zooplankton (p < 0.05). The dominant species shifts of zooplankton were partly associated with nutrient level (nitrate and ammonia) under periodic water level fluctuations. Rotifers and protozoans were characterized as high T adapted and CODMn-tolerant species comparing with cladocerans and copepods. The ratio of microzooplankton to mesozooplankton (Pmicro/meso) has presented a strongly positive relationship with T (p < 0.001), as well as Pmicro/meso and CODMn (p < 0.001). It implied that zooplankton tended to miniaturize individual size via species shift under high T and/or CODMn conditions induced by global warming and human activities. The information hints us that climate change and human activities are likely to produce fundamental changes in urban aquatic ecosystem by reorganizing biomass structure of the food web in future.
Antitumor effects of chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine mediated by inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway through abrogation of autophagic p47 degradation in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cells
Authors: Fauzi Yanuar Rahmat , Nakahata Shingo , Chilmi Syahrul , Ichikawa Tomonaga , Nueangphuet Phawut , Yamaguchi Ryoji , Nakamura Tatsufumi , Shimoda Kazuya , Morishita Kazuhiro
Published: August 2021

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) originates from human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection due to the activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway to maintain proliferation and survival. An important mechanism of the activated NF-κB signaling pathway in ATLL is the activation of the macroautophagy (herafter referred to as autophagy in the remainder of this manuscript)-lysosomal degradation of p47 (NSFL1C), a negative regulator of the NF-κB pathway. Therefore, we considered the use of chloroquine (CQ) or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) (CQ/HCQ) as an autophagy inhibitor to treat ATLL; these drugs were originally approved by the FDA as antimalarial drugs and have recently been used to treat autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this paper, we determined the therapeutic efficacy of CQ/HCQ, as NF-κB inhibitors, in ATLL mediated by blockade of p47 degradation. Administration of CQ/HCQ to ATLL cell lines and primary ATLL cells induced cell growth inhibition in a dose-dependent manner, and the majority of cells underwent apoptosis after CQ administration. As to the molecular mechanism, autophagy was inhibited in CQ-treated ATLL cells, and activation of the NF-κB pathway was suppressed with the restoration of the p47 level. When the antitumor effect of CQ/HCQ was examined using immunodeficient mice transplanted with ATLL cell lines, CQ/HCQ significantly suppressed tumor growth and improved the survival rate in the ATLL xenograft mouse model. Importantly, HCQ selectively induced ATLL cell death in the ATLL xenograft mouse model at the dose used to treat SLE. Taken together, our results suggest that the inhibition of autophagy by CQ/HCQ may become a novel and effective strategy for the treatment of ATLL.
An evaluation of coupling coordination between sports industry and health service industry in China
Authors: Xu Jinfu , Yang Shaoxiong , Lin Yu , Yang Ruoyu
Published: August 2021

Depending on the strategy of "Healthy China", more and more people pay attention to health issues. The integration and development of sports industry and health service industry is an inevitable outcome of industrial transformation and upgrading and healthy life in the new era. Through constructing the evaluation index system of the coupling and coordination development degree between sports industry and health service industry, using entropy evaluation method and coupling and coordination degree model, this paper explore the comprehensive level and coupling and coordination development status of sports industry and health service industry in thirty-one provinces, municipality cities and autonomous regions of China from 2013 to 2017. The results of this paper show that the comprehensive China’s sports industry and health service industry both present an incremental development trend year by year, and are characterized by the distribution of "high in the east and low in the west" in space. The government’s policy support provides superior industrial supporting conditions for the development of sports industry. However, it is not conducive to the promotion of industrial economic benefits. In the health service industry, the rapid development of health insurance is beneficial to the integration of industrial resources and the perfection of industrial chain. Whereas as the core content of health service industry, health service has greater space for development; the coupling and coordination degree between the two industries rises from mild maladjustment to basic coordination, which is characterized by the distribution of "high in the east and low in the west" in space; among provinces, with Beijing, the Yangtze River Delta and Guangdong as the three development center points, it shows the spatial evolutionary process from "dispersion-type plaques" to "gathering type scattered surfaces".
Temporal and spatial evolution and obstacle diagnosis of resource and environment carrying capacity in the Loess Plateau
Authors: Huang Huan , Wang Rui , Wang Jue , Chai Jixing , Xiao Yi
Published: August 2021

Natural resources are scarce in the Loess Plateau, and the ecological environment is fragile. Sustainable development requires special attention to resource and environmental carrying capacity (RECC). This study selected 24 representative cities in five natural areas of the Loess Plateau; used the entropy-weight-based TOPSIS method to evaluate and analyze the RECC of each city and region from 2013 to 2018; established a diagnosis model to identify the obstacle factors restricting the improvement of RECC; and constructed the theoretical framework of the RECC system mechanism. The results show that the RECC of the Loess Plateau is increasing in general but is relatively small. The environmental and social subsystems have the highest and lowest carrying capacities, respectively. There is an evident contradiction between economic development and the environment. Population density, investment in technological innovation, per capita sown area, and per capita water resources are the main obstacles affecting the improvement of RECC in the Loess Plateau. Such evaluations and diagnoses can support ecological civilization and sustainable development.
EBV latent membrane proteins promote hybrid epithelial-mesenchymal and extreme mesenchymal states of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells for tumorigenicity
Authors: Zhu Nannan , Xu Xiaoting , Wang Yan , Zeng Mu-Sheng , Yuan Yan
Published: August 2021

EBV-encoded LMPs are consistently detected in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Recent evidence suggests potential roles of LMP1 and LMP2A in Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in NPC. EMT engages in the generation and maintenance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and confers on cancer cells increased tumor-initiating and metastatic potential, and higher resistance to anticancer therapies. However, how LMP1 and LMP2A regulate the EMT process to generate cells with different EMT states and its implications for tumor progression remain unclear. Here we report that LMP1 and LMP2A promote EMT that drives NPC cells from the epithelial-like state (E) (CD104+, CD44low) to epithelial-mesenchymal hybrid (E/M) state (CD104+, CD44high). Furthermore, LMP2A possesses an additional function in stabilizing LMP1 and increasing the level of LMP1 in NPC cells. The elevated LMP1 further forces the EMT to generate extreme-mesenchymal (xM) state cells (CD104-, CD44high). To define the tumorigenic features of cancer stem cells at different states in the EMT spectrum, E, E/M and xM subpopulations were isolated and tested for tumorigenic capability in a tumor xenograft animal model. We found that the cells with E/M phenotypes possess the highest tumor initiating capacity. However, the xM subpopulation exhibits increased vasculogenic mimicry, a hallmark of metastatic cancers. Taken together, coordinated action of LMP1 and LMP2A generates an array of intermediate subpopulations in the EMT spectrum that are responsible for distinct tumorigenic features of NPC such as tumor-initiation, vasculogenesis, and metastasis.
INTERVENÇÕES LÚDICAS INCLUSIVAS
Authors: Da Silva Caetano Ubirajara , De Oliveira Gomes Marineide
Published: August 2021

O objetivo da pesquisa é analisar as possibilidades e as dificuldades de interação e comunicação por meio de intervenções lúdicas inclusivas na pré-escola, em aulas de educação física com crianças autistas. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram três crianças de três salas de pré-escola numa instituição pública municipal em Santos/SP, com um caso de autismo em cada turma, tendo como instrumentos: análise documental, observação participante, registros audiovisuais e Diário de Campo. Os achados da investigação foram mapeados a partir de três categorias de análise: Relação criança-criança, Práticas docentes e Espaço e ambiente. Foi possível observar processos de inclusão que aproximaram as crianças entre si, fazendo-as perceberem-se e às outras e, também, motivá-las para brincarem juntas, servindo para quebrar paradigmas como os que separam crianças homogeneamente em turmas especiais.
ENTREVISTA COM O PROF. DR. NEWTON DUARTE
Authors: Duarte Rita de Cássia , Duarte Newton
Published: August 2021

Newton Duarte possui graduação em Pedagogia pela Universidade Federal de São Carlos (1985), mestrado em Educação pela mesma instituição (1987), doutorado na Faculdade de Educação da UNICAMP (1992). É professor da UNESP, campus de Araraquara, desde 1988, onde obteve o título de Livre-Docente (1999) e ocupa o cargo de professor titular desde 2009.  Foi pesquisador visitante no Instituto de Ontario para Estudos em Educação, da Universidade de Toronto (Ontario Institute for Studies in Education - OISE/UT) de 2003 a 2004; no Centro para Pensamento Político e Social (Centre for Social and Political Thought – CSPT) da Universidade de Sussex, Brighton, Inglaterra, de 2011 a 2012 e do Instituto de Humanidades (Institute for the Humanities), na Universidade Simon Fraser, Vancouver, Canadá, de 2019 a 2020. Suas pesquisas têm sido apoiadas pelo CNPq, pela CAPES e pela FAPESP. É líder do grupo de pesquisa “Estudos Marxistas em Educação”.
Newton Duarte possui graduação em Pedagogia pela Universidade Federal de São Carlos (1985), mestrado em Educação pela mesma instituição (1987), doutorado na Faculdade de Educação da UNICAMP (1992). É professor da UNESP, campus de Araraquara, desde 1988, onde obteve o título de Livre-Docente (1999) e ocupa o cargo de professor titular desde 2009.  Foi pesquisador visitante no Instituto de Ontario para Estudos em Educação, da Universidade de Toronto (Ontario Institute for Studies in Education - OISE/UT) de 2003 a 2004; no Centro para Pensamento Político e Social (Centre for Social and Political Thought – CSPT) da Universidade de Sussex, Brighton, Inglaterra, de 2011 a 2012 e do Instituto de Humanidades (Institute for the Humanities), na Universidade Simon Fraser, Vancouver, Canadá, de 2019 a 2020. Suas pesquisas têm sido apoiadas pelo CNPq, pela CAPES e pela FAPESP. É líder do grupo de pesquisa “Estudos Marxistas em Educação”.
Autor de livros, capítulos de livros e artigos, publicados no Brasil e no exterior. Entre seus trabalhos destacam-se os livros: Os conteúdos escolares e a ressurreição dos mortos (2021, 2ª edição); A Individualidade Para Si (2013, 3ª ed), Vigotski e o Aprender a Aprender: crítica às apropriações neoliberais e pós-modernas da teoria vigotskiana (2011, 5ª edição); Sociedade do Conhecimento ou Sociedade das Ilusões? (2003); Crítica ao Fetichismo da Individualidade (2004); Critical Perspectives on Activity: Explorations across Education, Work and Everyday Life (2006) co-editada com Peter Sawchuk e Mohamed Elhammoumi; Arte, Conhecimento e Paixão na Formação Humana: Sete Ensaios de Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica (2010) em coautoria com Sandra Della Fonte; Conhecimento Escolar e Luta de Classes: a pedagogia histórico-crítica contra a barbárie (2021) em coautoria com Dermeval Saviani.
THE IMPACT OF THE CRISIS ON EDUCATION
Authors: Benvenuto Guido , Corsi Nadia , Sposetti Patrizia , Szpunar Giordana
Published: August 2021

The pandemic emergency has forced girls and boys to adapt to completely changed living conditions (closure of schools, confinement at home, social distancing). At the same time, the 0-6 educational services found themselves re-modulating programming and planning to ensure the right to education, learning, and psychological well-being needs of girls and boys. However, the period of distance learning has amplified the obstacles to equity in education, conditioned by educational poverty and socio-cultural disadvantages. The contribution, after presenting the main field researches that have multiplied in Italy in this last year, will focus on the initiatives promoted in the first period of the health emergency (March-June 2020) from the infant-toddler centers and preschools of Roma Capitale. The most important novelty of the new legislative decree (number 65) are the Childhood Centers, which host educational services for girls and boys in both the 0-3 and 3-6 age segments in a single building or in neighboring buildings, for a better use of resources through the sharing of services, spaces and tools. The contribution presents the results of the first phase of analysis of the more than 430 distance learning projects carried out in the municipal educational services of Rome between March and July 2020, collected by the Department of Educational and School Services of Rome. The data collected show the ways in which the services have managed to rethink, with different strategies and tools, relationships with girls, boys and their families and educational activities, ensuring the continuity of relationships and learning processes.
Influência das propriedades de forma da fração graúda do agregado no controle da deformação permanente de misturas asfálticas densas
Authors: Leandro Rodrigo Pires , Savasini Kamilla Vasconcelos , Bernucci Liedi Legi Bariani , Castelo Branco Verônica Teixeira Franco
Published: August 2021

Em regiões de clima quente, sujeitas a tráfego pesado, os efeitos da deformação permanente se tornam um dos mais importantes problemas dos concretos asfálticos. O travamento do esqueleto de agregados, para um certo teor de ligante, contribui com o aumento da estabilidade da mistura asfáltica e da resistência aos afundamentos por deformação permanente. O método Bailey, avaliado nesse trabalho de maneira complementar, foi concebido para garantir adequada distribuição granulométrica para melhorar o comportamento dos concretos asfálticos quanto ao afundamento em trilha de roda. O propósito desse estudo foi avaliar a influência do tipo de agregado da fração graúda e das suas propriedades de forma no controle da deformação permanente de misturas asfálticas densas. Para a formulação das misturas asfálticas foram utilizados um ligante asfáltico convencional (CAP 50/70) e agregados de duas origens: (i) granítico britado, e (ii) seixo rolado britado e natural (sem britagem). A partir dos resultados dos ensaios de afundamento em trilha de roda, no simulador de tráfego do tipo LCPC, constatou-se que a fração graúda e, principalmente, as propriedades de forma dos agregados influenciaram o comportamento quanto à deformação permanente das misturas asfálticas densas avaliadas nesse estudo.
Molecular Profile of Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis based on PCR-RFLP of Internal Transcribed Spacer
Authors: Endrawati Dwi , Kusumaningtyas Eni
Published: August 2021

Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis are dermatophytes fungi which commonly infect animal and human. Conventional and molecular methods were used for identification of the fungus. The region of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) has a high probability for fungal identification. PCR-RFLP was reported as a useful method to differentiate dermatophytes fungi. The objective of the study was to compare molecular profile of T. mentagrophytes and M. canis based on the result of ITS fragment digestion using Dde I, Hinf I and Mva I. The molds were isolated from skin scrapping of 18 animals which showed dermatophytosis lesion. The isolated molds were grown on agar plate for 14 days of incubation at 37oC and then identified based on macro and microscopic morphologies. Amplification of chitin synthase gene was used for confirmation and separation of dermatophytes from other fungi. ITS fragment was amplified and then digested using restriction enzymes Dde I, Hinf I and Mva I. The result showed that digestion products from ITS fragment of T. mentagrophytes and M. canis were different. The fragment 159 bp from Dde I, 374 bp from Hinf I and 89 bp from Mva I were present in T. mentagrophytes but absent in M. canis.   Based on these results, specific RFLP profile of digestion ITS region by Dde I, Hinf I and Mva I can be used as a specific marker for species of dermatophytes fungi.
Ultrasound Imaging to Estimate Carcass Quality of Pasundan Cattle based on Body Condition Score
Authors: Khairunnisa Syifa , Novelina Savitri , Hilmia Nena , Hadi Didik N , Rahmat Dedi , Ulum Mokhamad Fakhrul
Published: August 2021

This research aimed to estimate carcass quality of Pasundan cattle using ultrasound imaging based on Body Condition Score (BCS). Total 31 head of female cattle with age ranging from 4 to 7 years from Regional Technical Implementation Unit of the Center for Artificial Insemination and Artificial Insemination for Beef Cattle Development at Ciamis West Java, Indonesia with BCS ranging from 1.0-4.0. The marbling score, intramuscular fat (IMF), backfat thickness (LP), and thickness musculus of m. longissimus dorsi (LD), m. psoas major (PM), m. psoas minor (PMN), m. gluteus medius (GM) and m. biceps femoris (BF) were scanned using ultrasound on 3 different locations, i.e. on 12th-13th ribs (thorax), lumbar 4th - 5th (lumbar), and between tuber coxae and tuber ischii (gluteal) with 5 MHz frequency of convex transducer. The results showed that BCS increased when LP, marbling score and IMF from m. LD, m. PM, m. PMN, and m. GM was rising. Pasundan cattle showed marbling scores ranging from score 1 to 5 and percentage IMF ranging from 2.62% to 4.82%. Body Condition Score affected carcass quality of Pasundan cattle on parameters such as musculus thickness, marbling score, and intramuscular fat (IMF) from ultrasound imaging of m. LD, m. PM. m. PMN, m. GM, and m. BF.
Effect of Chicken Bone Extract Powder on Epididymal Sperm Quality of Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Buranaamnuay Kakanang , Kettawan A , Changsangfa C , Aiemongkot S
Published: August 2021

Calcium is one of the minerals that are essential for male reproductive function. Calcium deficiency adversely affects spermatogenesis, normal sperm function and results in infertility. The sperm quality of rats fed a standard diet containing chicken bone extract powder (BEP) was assessed in the present study. Twenty male 8-week-old rats, Wistar strain, were randomized by weight into two groups of ten rats each and fed ad libitum a standard diet containing calcium carbonate (CaCO3, control) or chicken BEP;  both were equivalent to 0.5% calcium. At the end of the 7-week consumption, the net body weight gains measured in control (101.33±21.81 g) and chicken BEP groups (100.74±26.80 g) were not significantly different (P>0.05). The in vitro sperm quality in terms of concentration, motility, viability, resistance to hypotonic stress, acrosomal reaction ability and morphology was comparable between control and chicken BEP (all were P>0.05). The results suggest that chicken BEP addition into feeds is an alternative calcium source that is as effective but less expensive as CaCO3, a commercial calcium (fortificant). At least, it has no detrimental effect on male reproductive function.
Reformist Muslim Discourse in the Sundanese Commentary of the Qur’ān: E. Abdurrahman’s Commentary on QS. Al-Hujurāt
Authors: Nugraha Roni , Rohmana Jajang A
Published: August 2021

This article focuses on reformist Muslim discourse in the Sundanese commentary of the Qur’ān or tafsīr, entitle Sababaraha Naséhat Tina Qur’an Surat al-Hudjurot, some advice of sūrah Al-Hujurāt (1971). The book was written by E. Abdurrahman (1912-1983), an activist of a reformist Islamic organization, Islamic Union (Persatuan Islam or Persis). He has been a chairman of Persis from 1962-1983. They have a slogan “back to the Qur’ān and Hadīth” as well as to oppose the taqlīd and heresy. E. Abdurrahman explained Q. 49 or sūrah Al-Hujurāt in the frame of his ideology as an activist of Persis. Following his commentary of Q. 49:1, the prohibition against practicing Islam before find dalīl or textual instructions of the Qur’ān and Hadīth. He also interpreted Q. 49:6 on recheck the news as a form of prohibition taqlīd. Meanwhile, Q. 49:9-10 was interpreted by him to emphasizes the strengthening of reformist followers. Using Fairclough’s critical discourse analysis, this study confirms that E. Abdurrahman’s commentary cannot be separated from his reformist ideology. He used Sundanese Quranic commentary to convey the reformist ideas against traditionalist Muslims in West Java.
Counter Discourse on the Idea of Islamic State and Formalization of Religion in the Qur’anic Exegesis of KH. Abdurahman Wahid
Authors: Rafif Ahmad Ahnaf
Published: August 2021

This research discusses KH Abdurrahman Wahid’s Qur’anic interpretation written in his articles around the 2002–2003 period. Initial studies of the text show that Gus Dur was only active in elaborating the Qur’anic verses in his articles after he stepped down from the president and Chairman of the PBNU. This initial observation then raised questions regarding his lack of interpretation during Orde Baru (New Order), primarily when he served as Chairman of PBNU. Thus, what context finally made Gus Dur want to include the interpretation of the Qur’an in his article? This paper answers these questions using a descriptive-interpretive method. The theory used is the critical discourse analysis by Teun A. Van Dijk, which contains three steps, namely text analysis, personal and social cognition, and context. Furthermore, the results reveal that: (1) there is a discourse contest in the democratic transition period between those who are pro with an Islamic state and those against it; (2) Gus Dur positioned himself as a party against the idea of an Islamic state. It happened when Gus Dur used the verses of the Qur’an to strengthen his argument; (3) Gus Dur’s interpretation which prioritizes the principle of humanity and can reach a wider audience, has implications indirectly for the development of the interpretation of the Qur’an in Indonesia.
Cadar and Women’s Awrat In Indonesian Qur'an Literature
Authors: Abror Indal , Zuhdi M. Nurdin , Setiawan Iwan , Suhendra Ahmad
Published: August 2021

The use of cadar becomes a controversial discussion in Indonesia. However, the majority of scholars consider the cadar is not an obligation in religion. Bearing in mind, there are differences in the limits of women's genitalia or awrat. It shows in the Quranic interpretation of literature in Indonesia that cadar's views lie in the different scholars in interpreting and determining the limits of women's genitalia. This paper uses a comparative method to compare the interpretations of Hasbi Ash-Shiddieqy and Quraish Shihab in understanding verses about the cadar and the limits of women's Awrat (genitalia) in both interpretations. This research method is qualitative and library research. Hasbi Asy-Syiddieqy, in his interpretation of An-Nur, explains that women are obliged to cover their jewelry, while Quraish Shihab considers the cadar is not an obligation in religion because, for him, the face is not part of the awrat (genitalia) that must be covered. The difference can be seen from their educational and scientific backgrounds. Hasbi Asy-Syiddieqy has a background in Islamic law (Fiqh), so the style of interpretation in the book of An-Nur is more nuanced in fiqh. However, Quraish Shihab highlights the nuances of interpretation in the book of Al-Misbah, which tends to imitate the model or style of interpretation of Muhammad Abduh and Rashid Rida. This cadar is part of the need for tahsiniyat (Luxuries). The need for tahsiniyat is a need which if not fulfilled, does not threaten the existence of one of the maqashid ash-shariah (objectives of sharia) and does not cause difficulties.
Reinterpretation of the Term Al-Nas (QS. Al-Hujurat 13) in Relation to the Social Aspects of Human and Homo Sapiens
Authors: Alwi HS Muhammad , Robikah Siti , Parninsih Iin
Published: August 2021

The interpretation of QS. Al-Hujurat 13 revolves as the creation of human which refers to Adam and Eve. In fact, human terminology in contemporary discourse refers to the definition of human as a homo sapien. Homo sapien refers to humans not only as biological but also social. By using the method of Tafsir Maqashidi, this article develops an understanding of Tafseer. Here, the Tafsir Maqashidi will be used as a method of reinterpreting the term al-Nas in QS. Al-Hujurat 13. The results of this article indicate that QS. Al-Hujurat 13 does not refer to Adam and Hawa, but it discusses the creation of humans that previously had other parties. The other party here starts from God, parents, family, society, living and dead beings, and the universe. Apart from that, this article also shows that the social aspect of the verse includes not only fellow Muslims, fellow humans, but also all God's creatures. These two understandings explain the similarities of Al-Nas and homo sapien in the context of humans as one of the species of living things on this earth. From here, humans are required to hifdzh Al-Aql, hifdzh Al-Din, hifdz Al-Nashl, hifdzl Al-Mal, hifdzh Al-Nafs, hifdzh Al-Bi'ah and hifdzh Al-Daulah as maqashidi QS. Al-Hujurat 13 which can be widely felt in human life.
OPTIMALISASI KINERJA TERMAL SELUBUNG BANGUNAN UNIT HUNIAN DI RUSUNAWA CIBESUT JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Widhayaka Setya Anung , Rilatupa James E.D.
Published: August 2021

Most of the flats that have been built show the same building envelope design in various orientations, both in terms of design, opening area, and material. The level of solar radiation from each orientation of the facade is certainly different and will result in differences in the energy level of the building envelope for each orientation of the residential unit. If the apartment units are conditioned by air conditioning (AC), it will also produce different levels of energy consumption. How is the difference in thermal performance of the facade and energy consumption in each orientation direction?The purpose of this study is to identify the level of the energy difference between the residential unit building envelope in the west side and the east side of the Rusunawa Cibesut, in East Jakarta, and to find alternative efforts that can be made to produce building envelope energy levels that are relatively the same in both orientations and it’s post-construction applications. This research was carried out by performing thermal calculations on building envelopes (OTTV) and computer simulations to obtain results. In the option of applying glass wool insulation and gybsum board as it protection, the average EUI can be reduced by 10.7%, and achieve a level of energy consumption that is relatively the same in both unit orientations
Experiencia y afrontamiento ante el riesgo aluvional: Un modelo mediacional múltiple.
Authors: Sandoval-Díaz José , Ruiz-Rivera Naxhelli , Cuadra-Martinez David
Published: August 2021

El incremento de riesgos hidrometereológicos causados por el cambio climático ha llevado consigo la necesidad de fortalecer las capacidades adaptativas de afrontamiento. Bajo este contexto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue esclarecer la relación entre la experiencia directa y las capacidades activas de afrontamiento, considerando tres posibles mediadores: la severidad subjetiva, la percepción del riesgo y la implicancia personal. Para esto, se obtuvo una muestra por conveniencia (n = 490) de una ciudad chilena afectada por aluviones. Como resultado, si bien todas las variables correlacionaron directamente con las capacidades activas (entre r = .13 y r = .49), la relación principal solo estuvo mediada por el temor al riesgo y la identificación y posibilidad de acción; por tanto, se concluye que la experiencia directa previa, el miedo y la autoeficacia percibida impulsarían comportamientos precautorios activos frente al riesgo aluvional.
La risa contagiosa como vocalización provocadora de expresiones faciales y electromiográficas relacionadas con emociones positivas en los oyentes
Authors: Arévalo Pachón Guillermo , Cruz Julio Eduardo
Published: August 2021

A pesar de su relevancia para la comprensión de la expresión emocional vocal, el estudio de la risa contagiosa se encuentra en sus primeras etapas de investigación y aún no se ha establecido su naturaleza ni la de las respuestas que esta provoca. Teniendo esto en cuenta, el propósito de este estudio fue determinar si los estímulos acústicos de risa contagiosa, además de generar conductas de risa o sonrisa, provocan en los oyentes las expresiones faciales, electromiográficas y cardíacas de una emoción positiva. Para esto, se contó con la participación de 60 universitarios de ambos sexos con edades entre los 18 y los 30 años en un diseño experimental intrasujeto con mediciones en la condición de línea de base y en exposiciones a diferentes estímulos de risa contagiosa, donde se verificaron tres hipótesis en las que se comparó expresiones faciales de alegría (medidas con el software FaceReader), amplitud electromiográfica (emg) del músculo cigomático mayor (medida con el módulo emg-100 del Biopac) e intervalos R-R como indicadores de frecuencia cardíaca (medidos con el módulo ecg-100 del Biopac) entre las diferentes condiciones. Como resultado, se encontraron diferencias significativas en los porcentajes de las expresiones faciales de alegría y amplitud emg del cigomático al comparar las condiciones de línea de base y estímulos de risa más contagiosa, y de risas más y menos contagiosas; no obstante, no se encontraron diferencias significativas en los intervalos R-R en ninguna de las condiciones comparadas. Como conclusión, se comprobó la naturaleza emocional positiva de la risa/sonrisa provocada por estímulos de risa contagiosa y la proporcionalidad entre la intensidad de las expresiones faciales y las respuestas emg elicitadas por esta risa y el grado de contagio percibido de la misma.
¿El entrenamiento en lectura de creencias puede influir sobre la competencia pragmática?: un estudio sobre las relaciones de estas capacidades cognitivas en la infancia
Authors: Restrepo L Ximena , Villada Zapata Johny
Published: August 2021

Con el objetivo de indagar respecto a la influencia de la lectura de creencias sobre la competencia pragmática, en el presente estudio 56 niños de entre 48 y 54 meses pertenecientes al programa Buen Comienzo de la ciudad de Medellín participaron en un diseño experimental pre-post con grupo control. Para la evaluación de la lectura de creencias se adaptaron al español cuatro pruebas de la escala de Wellman y Liu (2004), mientras que para evaluar la competencia pragmática se adaptaron cuatro situaciones comunicativas propuestas por Sacco et al. (2008). Para la manipulación de la variable se llevaron a cabo 10 sesiones de entrenamiento en lectura de creencias. De acuerdo con los resultados intragrupo, el programa de entrenamiento fue efectivo para mejorar la variable entrenada, pues el grupo experimental mejoró su desempeño en la lectura de creencias (p = .007; d = –.663) y en la competencia pragmática (p = .007; d = .648); no obstante, aunque se encontraron diferencias significativas entre el grupo experimental y el grupo control para la lectura de creencias (p = .001; d = .472), no fue así para el desempeño en la competencia pragmática (p = .340; d = .143). A la luz de estos resultados, no es posible asegurar una relación de influencia de la lectura de creencias sobre la competencia pragmática; sin embargo, se encontró un modelo de regresión lineal satisfactorio cuando se incluyeron en los análisis variables sociodemográficas. Al final del artículo se discute respecto a la necesidad de integrar variables de contexto cuando se indaga por una posible relación de influencia de una variable psicológica sobre otra.
Kulturoznawcze badanie intertekstualnych gier z kanonem. Propozycje teoretyczno-metodologiczne
Authors: Jankowska Małgorzata
Published: August 2021

The role the canon plays in culture will be discussed in the paper. The canon can be seen as one of the most important media of cultural memory, a kind of cultural grammar or a vital semantic resource which influences a huge amount of new texts. This sort of textual variations on the canon may be considered secondary cultural mnemotechniques; in the same way intertextuality may be interpreted as a tool of active remembering. From the perspective of the semiotics of culture the above-mentioned canon-based hypertexts serve not only as memory-devices but as examples of cultural autocommunication as well. While religion as one of the most crucial „cultural systems” (Geertz) influences a lot of other subsystems of the semiosphere (Lotman), intertextual relations to the canon of religious texts vitalize the hypotext and create the whole set of new meanings, strengthening semiosis and dynamizing culture at the same time.
Możliwość religii w obliczu współczesnego pluralizmu
Authors: Torzewski Antoni
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, very often in connection with postmodern philosophy, there appears a question of a normative call for pluralism. The argumentation made by postmodernists focuses mostly on the notions of violence and of metaphysics which, according to them, is a theoretical ground for violence. In the following paper we will try to present the possibile justification of this normative call, the reception of this call on Polish and international grounds, and also we will try to present how, in the face of this call, religion can function. To do this we will show concepts of religion; the first concept by Janusz Salamon (not connected to postmodernism) and the second by Gianni Vattimo (strictly postmodern).
The Puzzle of the Sophist
Authors: Vlasits Justin
Published: August 2021

The many definitions of sophistry at the beginning of Plato’s Sophist have puzzled scholars just as much as they puzzled the dialogue’s main speakers: the Visitor from Elea and Theaetetus. The aim of this paper is to give an account of that puzzlement. This puzzlement, it is argued, stems not from a logical or epistemological problem, but from the metaphysical problem that, given the multiplicity of accounts, the interlocutors do not know what the sophist essentially is. It transpires that, in order to properly account for this puzzle, one must jettison the traditional view of Plato’s method of division, on which divisions must be exclusive and mark out relations of essential predication. It is then shown on independent grounds that, although Platonic division in the Sophist must express predication relations and be transitive, it need not be dichotomous, exclusive, or express relations of essential predication. Once the requirements of exclusivity and essential predication are dropped, it is possible to make sense of the reasons that the Visitor from Elea and Theaetetus are puzzled. Moreover, with this in hand, it is possible to see Plato making an important methodological point in the dialogue: division on its own without any norms does not necessarily lead to the discovery of essences.
On an “Important Principle” of Arrow and Debreu
Authors: Vilks Arnis
Published: August 2021

In their seminal 1954 paper on the existence of competitive equilibrium, Arrow and Debreu state what they call an “important principle”, namely that it is necessary for the existence of equilibrium that every consumer has some asset or can supply some labour service which has a positive price at equilibrium. It does not seem to have been noticed that this claim is incorrect. We provide a very simple model of a private ownership economy with three goods where a competitive equilibrium exists, but consumers who have nothing to sell but their labour end up with zero wealth in equilibrium. As zero wealth must be taken to mean non-survival, and the Arrow–Debreu model is frequently interpreted as assuming that all consumers can survive without trade, we also briefly discuss the issue of non-survival in equilibrium. We finally point out that our example illustrates the possibility that technological progress may result in a situation where the value of work becomes negligible.