bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Science and Technology Opportunities in Hadith Research
Authors: Darmalaksana Wahyudin
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this research is to discuss the opportunities of science and technology in hadith research. This research method uses qualitative research through literature study with a content analysis approach. The results and discussion of this research include the hadith science methodology, the development of the hadith validity method and the hadith text criticism method with a multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary approach, and scientific and technological opportunities in hadith research for the need for integration of science. The conclusion of this study is that research on hadith with a transdisciplinary approach opens wide opportunities for science and technology that are currently developing for the realization of the integration of science. This study recommends the importance of applying a transdisciplinary approach to science and technology opportunities in the development of hadith research in Islamic higher education
Badiuzzaman Said Nursi and KH Ahmad Dahlan’s Thoughts on Education Reform: A Comparative Study
Authors: Abdul Aziz Muhammad Sophy , Qotadah Hudzaifah Achmad , Achmad Adang Darmawan
Published: October 2021

In order to control the movement of globalization throughout this modern era, one of it's key aspects is through deconstruction throughout the education sector. Undoubtedly, high quality education management was produced by integrating disciplines in practice with fundamental Islamic values within the learning process. Besides that, this approach had also been continuously used among reformist leaders to weaken the dangerous Western ideology that influenced significantly the global government system through colonialism mostly by poisoning the generation of youth through sole reference to materialism philosophy and rationalism. Based on that issue, numerous powerful leaders in Indonesia have intervened to rectify the problem among Muslims by reconstruction of the education systems rather than through political as well as other aggressive physical interaction. KH Ahmad Dahlan was the trustworthy figure in endorsing the concept of educational reform through the "Muhammadiyah" mass organization, which was formed in Yogyakarta in 1912. The conducted a study to examine the similarities amongst KH Ahmad Dahlan and Badiuzzaman Said Nursi in applying the Islamic Education Reform System in the region. In this research, the researcher uses full qualitative method and documentation related to the topic of this research, which then will be analyze descriptively.
PENGARUH JUMLAH PENGHASILAN MARGIN PEMBIAYAAN MURABAHAH DAN ISTISHNA TERHADAP LABA PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Khairunnisa Nurba Ash
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this studdy wasto deetermine theeffect off murabahah dan istisna financing margin income simultaneously on the profits of Islamic bank companies in Indonesia. The miethod useed iis descriiptive methiod. The typ of researc date uses quantitative data types. Sources of research data used in this study are secondary data sources obtained from the financial statements of PT. Bank Muamalat Indonesia originating from www.bi.go.id. Analysiis ofi the date used is descriptive analysis, simple regression analysis and multiple linear regression using the te teist dan fi est wiiith ia quantitative approach that uses secondary data types in the form of quarterly financial statements published by PT.Bank Muamalat Indonesia for the 2014-2016 period. The analysis techniqueused is descriptive analysis, multipli linearegression analyisis, multiplie regresion analysiys, simple correlation analysis, multiple correlation analysis, determination analysis, t test analysis and F tes for data proocessing used SPSS Windows 16.00 and MiccrosoftExcel 2010 as a tool. . The results of the three variables research are:(1) murabahah margin income is obtained ttable> tcount (1,158> -0,331) meaning thiat theire iis a negative and insignificant influience beitween murrabahah margiin iincome oon company profits. (2) Istishna MarginRevenues 'obtained by the value ttable> tcount (1.158> 0.315) means thait theire iis no siignificant positive efect betwieen istisna margin earnings' ons company profits. (3) Murabahah and istishna margin income 'obtained by the value of Ftable> Fcalculation (0,2,228> 0,91) means that there is an insignificant positive effect between murabahah and istishna margin income' on company profits.
SINTESIS ZEOLIT CHABAZITE DENGAN RASIO Si/Al TINGGI TANPA MENGGUNAKAN SENYAWA ORGANIK
Authors: Kadir Iftitah Rahmi
Published: October 2021

Zeolit tipe Chabazite (CHA) merupakan material bermikropori dengan 8 saluran cincin yang memiliki potensi besar untuk diaplikasikan sebagai katalis pada reaksi MTO (Methanol to Olefins. Umumnya zeolite tipe CHA dengan kadar silika tinggi bersifat hidrofobik dan disintesis menggunakan bantuan senyawa organik N,N,N-Trimethyl-1-adamanammonium hydroxide (TMAdaOH) sebagai pengarah struktur (Structure Directing Agent, SDA). Akan tetapi penggunaan SDA terutama TMAdaOH sangat  tidak ekonomis dan tidak ramah bagi lingkungan. Untuk membuka pori zeolit, senyawa organik ini harus dihilangkan dengan pembakaran suhu tinggi. Pada tahap awal penelitian ini, CHA disintesis melalui transformasi interzeolit FAU (Faujasite) menjadi CHA, namun produk yang dihasilkan memiliki kadar silika rendah (Si/Al = 2), sehingga kami merancang proses sintesis CHA baru tanpa SDA dengan mereaksikan kembali produk CHA hasil inter-transformasi dengan penambahan sumber silika, alumina, NaOH, dan KOH. Metode hidrotermal diterapkan pada campuran ini dengan menggunakan suhu 170 oC selama 24 jam. Variasi komposisi molar Na2O dan K2O dengan kisaran 0.1 hingga 0.4 dilakukan untuk mempelajari pegaruh sinergis Na+ dan K+ terhadap kristalisasi zeolit tipe CHA dengan rasio Si/Al tinggi. Hasil analisis difraksi sinar-X (XRD) menunjukan zeolit tipe CHA dapat dihasilkan kembali dan fluorosensi sinar-X (XRF) menunjukan produk ini mempunyai rasio Si/Al=4 dari perbandingan Na2O dan K2O berturut-turut adalah 0,3 dan 0,1. Selanjutnya citra mikroskop pemindai electron (SEM) memperlihatkan morfologi dan ukuran partikel produk yang sama dengan morfologi dan ukuran kristal CHA hasil inter-transformasi.
PERAN PERBANKAN SYARI’AH DALAM PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Izzuddin Ahmad Faiz
Published: October 2021

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pertumbuhan perbankan syariah yang mengacu pada data total aset perbankan syariah yang saat ini dijadikan salah satu alternatif untuk mengukur pertumbuhan per-bankan syari’ah, dengan berperan pada perkembangan ekonomi di indonesia. Penulisan ini diolah menggunakan medode studi litelatur yang di peroleh dari berbagai macam buku, jurnal, dan laporan keuangan, serta referensi lainnya yang terkait. Adapun data yang diperoleh ilah dari laporan tahunan di www.ojk.go.id dan badan pusat statistik di www.bps.go.id melihatkan bahwa kontribusi perbankan syariah dilihat dari total asset, sementara kadar Prodct Domestik Bruto (PDB) terus bertambah setiap tahunnya. Dilihat dari indikator Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB), ternyata pertumbuhan perbankan syariah di setiap tahunnya dirasa belum mampu mendorong pertumbuhan perekonomian di indonesia dengan optimal.
ANALYSIS OF DEBT SHORT TERM AND RECEIVABLE TURNOVER ON THE PROFITABILITY OF MANUFACTURING COMPANIES
Authors: Efriyenty Dian
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACTBased on the survey results for the last 3 years, data on food companies and the minimum turnover of accounts receivable and debt has increased and this has an impact on taking profits in the form of assets. These things can have an impact on the investment invested in shareholders. The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of short-term debt and accounts receivable turnover on asset returns. The samples in this study were 8 companies in the 2015-2019 period. The results of t-test analysis partially show that short-term debt does not have a significant effect on profitability, receivables turnover has a significant effect on profitability. Keywords: short-term debt, accounts receivable turnover, profitability
METABOLISME LIPID PADA DAGING BABI DAN KEMUDHARATANNYA BERDASARKAN PENJELASAN AL-QURAN DAN SAINS
Authors: Junitasari Assyifa
Published: October 2021

Metabolism plays a role in changing food substances such as glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids into compounds needed for life processes such as energy sources (ATP). Metabolic processes that occur in all body tissues which occur under the same conditions or reaction conditions require physicochemical and chemical requirements that are not much different from each other. Fat is considered by many to be a component of a diet that must be reduced as much as possible. However, this is not beneficial for health because of a certain amount of fat, usually about 30% of the total energy needed to carry out its functions properly in the body. Sources of fat usually there are many from animal sources, one of which contains a lot of pork fat content in it. However, according to Islamic teachings and written in Al-Quran that pork should not be consumed because it is included in illicit food. This paper aims to find out the understanding of fat metabolism, to find out the fat content in the body of pigs, and to know the unlawfulness of pork in Al-Quran. The writing method used is the method of literature, the author gets information through various references from the internet, as well as Al-Quran and commentary books. This paper was made as a reference or guide for readers and also lecturers and students of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, especially the chemistry department of the Faculty of Science and Technology in the learning process as a manifestation of Revelation Guiding Science (WMI). In addition, we can practice in life.
ANALISIS SOSIAL, EKONOMI DAN BUDAYA DALAM PENGELOLAAN SANITASI MASYARAKAT PERMUKIMAN PESISIR KOTA KENDARI
Authors: Wahyuni Ira Ryski
Published: October 2021

Most of the coastal areas in Kendari City have developed into settlements that having poor sanitation conditions, practicing of open defecation free, using construction of latrines without the appropriateness of health standards, and some sanitation facilities built by Government is not functioning properly. This study wants to analyze the social, economic, and cultural aspects that affect the management of sanitation for coastal communities in Kendari City, consist of a description of community behavior, the level of knowledge, awareness, and participation of residents in sanitation, and the willingness and capacity to pay management fees for sanitation facilities in coastal settlements in Kendari City. The methodology of this research was a type of quantitative research with a survey method. The technique of collecting data was Simple Random Sampling. Based on the Slovin formula with a confidence level of 90% with a sample size of 218 households. The research location is in 9 sub-districts which are directly adjacent to the coast of Kendari City. This research shows that social, economic, and cultural aspects such as education level, occupation, income, community knowledge affect sanitation management in coastal.
PERAN PASAR MODAL SYARIAH DALAM LAJU PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Fathoni Hamdan
Published: October 2021

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji bagaimana peran Pasar Modal Syariah sebagai salah satu alternatif investasi yang sesuai dengan syariah Islam dikaitkan dengan perekonomian di Indonesia secara nasional. Penulisan ini diolah menggunakan metode studi literatur yang diperoleh dari berbagai macam buku, jurnal, laporan keuangan, serta referensi lain yang terkait. Data yang diperoleh dari www.ojk.go.id dan www.bps.go.id memperlihatkan bahwa kontribusi saham syariah bersifat fluktuatif dilihat dari rasionalisasi nilai kapitalisasi pasar, sementara nilai Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) terus bertambah setiap tahunnya. Dilihat dari indikator Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB), ternyata peningkatan jumlah saham syariah di setiap tahunnya dirasa belum mampu mendorong laju pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia secara optimal, diperlukan sinergi pihak-pihak terkait agar minat terhadap investasi di pasar modal Syariah lebih menngkat dan dapat memberi dampak besar terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Nasional.
POLITIK HUKUM PIDANA KEKERASAN SEKSUAL DALAM RKUHP
Authors: Nasution Nurul Isnina Syawalia Arifah
Published: October 2021

Kekerasan seksual merupakan suatu tindakan yang memang sampai saat ini belum bisa dicegah oleh pemerintah, terutama dalam hal perlindungan terhadap korban kekerasan seksual pada dewasa ini perlu adanya pembaharuan terhadap KUHP yang mengatur mengenai tindak pidana kekerasan seksual secara spesifik sehingga ada perlindungan terhadap korban tersebut. Dengan adanya Rancangan Undang-undang Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual atau biasa kita sebut undang- undang PKS maka dengan adanya undang-undang tersebut menjadi penyempurna dari Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana sebagaimana KUHP ini memiliki khas na Lex Generalis sedangkan RUU Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual ini menjadi Lex Spesialis. Untuk mencapai tujuan tertentu suatu Negara, para penguasa yang berwenang membentuk produk hukum yang didalamnya mengandung kebijakan politik hukum baik itu tujuan skala nasional ataupun internasional. Di Indonesia aturan mengenai politik hukum pidana diatur dalam suatu kebijakan yang disebut kebijakan kriminal yang diterapkan melalui penyusunan undang-undang yang disusun dalam kitab undang-undang hukum pidana, kitab undang-undang hukum acara pidana, dan undang-undang lainnya yang didalamnya terdapat aturan mengenai ketentuan pidana
Ekspektasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Kurikulum: Studi Kasus Pengajaran Mata Kuliah Metode Penelitian Pada Program Studi Ilmu Hadis
Authors: Darmalaksana Wahyudin
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan membahas ekspektasi pembelajaran berbasis kurikulum bagi pencapaian keunggulan pendidikan tinggi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis kualitatif melalui studi pustaka dan studi lapangan dengan studi kasus pada pengajaran mata kuliah Metode Penelitian di Jurusan Ilmu Hadis Fakultas Ushuluddin UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. Hasil dan pembahasan penelitian ini mencakup evaluasi pembelajaran, capaian mata kuliah berbasis perencanaan pembelajaran, dan proses pembelajaran. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah kerja keras melampaui ekspektasi pembelajaran berbasis kurikulum yang terstandar menjadi urutan paling utama bagi pencapaian keunggulan pendidikan tinggi. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan urgensi penyusunan kurikulum dengan ekspektasi yang terukur dalam rangka mewujudkan keunggulan pendidikan tinggi di tingkat nasional menuju keunggulan di level internasional.
Dukungan Pemerintah Desa terhadap Problem Pendidikan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sabiq Ahmad Fikri , Sa'dullah Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana dukungan pemerintah Desa Sepakung, Kecamatan Banyubiru, Kab. Semarang terhadap Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) yang memiliki berbagai kendala sehingga penelitian ini menjadi role model yang bisa diterapkan di tempat lain. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan metode dan pendekatan kualitatif (field research), pengumpulan data dengan wawancara dan observasi, dan analisis data secara deskriptif. Di masa pandemi ini, lembaga pendidikan yang ada di Desa Sepakung, Kecamatan Banyubiru, Kab. Semarang melakukan Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ) dalam rangka mencegah penyebaran covid 19. Ada banyak kendala yang dialami oleh guru, siswa, dan orang tua dalam melaksanakan PJJ ini, yaitu jaringan internet yang sulit, ketersediaan gadget/smartphone, pendampingan orang tua yang kurang maksimal serta sumber daya orang tua yang kurang mumpuni. Dukungan yang diberikan oleh pemerintah desa Sepakung adalah memberikan alternatif solusi berupa pengadaan jaringan internet gratis kepada para guru dan peserta didik. Solusi ini dipilih karena daerah tersebut belum terjangkau provider jaringan internet. Jaringan internet ditempatkan di tempat-tempat strategis. Ada beberapa antisipasi agar jaringan internet tidak disalahgunakan oleh anak-anak.
‘What you've got is a right to silence’
Authors: Bowen Alex
Published: October 2021

In the Northern Territory of Australia (NT), it has long been recognised that the right to silence ‘caution’ is difficult to communicate, particularly with some Aboriginal suspects. This article reviews paraphrases used by NT police to explain the right, asking how they could be understood by Aboriginal people and offering initial conclusions about the meaning of paraphrases involving choice, rights and force. Meanwhile, the consequences of staying silent are consistently omitted from police paraphrases, highlighting that suspects must recover important meaning from context. This article argues that a significant source of contextual knowledge about the caution is discourses about rights, which are a complex and culture-specific way of thinking and talking. There is every risk that suspects without required contextual knowledge fail to obtain anything useful from many versions of the caution, a situation which likely entrenches disadvantage in the justice system. To communicate the caution across a large cultural gap requires specifying more meaning, but only policy-makers can decide what information the caution is supposed to communicate and what effect it is supposed to have. Evaluation of potential cautions should ask whether they are comprehensible, informative and credible and ultimately what effect they have for relevant audiences.
Resolution of Conflict of Interest in Chinese Civil Court Hearings: A Perspective of Discourse Information Theory Yunfeng Ge (2018)
Authors: Wang Hong
Published: October 2021

Resolution of Conflict of Interest in Chinese Civil Court Hearings: A Perspective of Discourse Information Theory Yunfeng Ge (2018) Peter Lang. 306 pp
Osteosarcopenic obesity in cardiovascular patients. Controversial and open issues
Authors: Krivoshapova K. E. , Masenko V. L. , Bazdyrev E. D. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: October 2021

See “Inflammaging in the pathogenesis of chronic non-communicable diseases”, Kim O. T. in Opinion of invited editor, pp. 54-55.

The study of osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in recent years has caused a dis-cussion on common pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, obesity, progressive loss of skeletal and muscle mass. Are these processes independent age-related conditions or comorbidities with common links of pathogenesis? The aim of this review was to analyze studies on OSO in patients with CVDs. We used following electronic databases: PubMed, Clinical Trials, Google Scholar, www.elibrary.ru. Based on this analysis, modern ideas on the etiology, epidemiology and pathogenesis of OSO in elderly and senile patients with atherosclerosis were described. The authors concluded that absence of standards for OSO diagnosis and inadequate clinical suspicion of specialists during routine examination is one of the main causes of its insufficient detection in elderly patients with CVDs. The results of analyzed studies allow us to consider the OSO and atherosclerotic changes as a single link of cardiovascular continuum. Eliminating the negative effect of chronic inflammation on human body should be considered as a key mechanism in the treatment of OSO and atherosclerosis. However, more research is needed in this area.
Pathogenetic rationale for using an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase and an antioxidant coenzyme Q10 in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Dzugkoev S. G. , Garmash O. Yu. , Dzugkoeva F. S.
Published: October 2021

The review discusses atherosclerosis-related mechanisms of car-diovascular disease development, as well as the optimization of their prevention and treatment methods. Recent experimental and clinical studies have shown the important role of vascular endothelium in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Myocardial ischemia, activation of free-radical processes and impaired bioenergetics initiate a decrease in production of nitric oxide, which plays major vasodilator role. In this regard, the scientists is interested in the search for new drugs that can affect the main pathogenetic links of coronary artery disease. Statins are currently the drugs of choice. However, they are not always effective and have an ambiguous effect on oxidative potential of myocardial cells and endothelial function. Moreover, inhibition of mevalonic pathway for cholesterol synthesis is accompanied by a deficiency of coenzyme Q10, which is the central cellular antioxidant that protects phospholipids of cell membranes from free radicals. Rationale of using coenzyme Q10 in the complex treatment and secondary prev ention of cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery di sease, is discussed.
Trimethylamine oxide and its possible role in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Kochetkov A. I. , Klepikova M. V. , Ostroumova O. D.
Published: October 2021

Cardiovascular diseases continue to be the leading cause of death throughout the world and in Russia. Therefore, new possible risk factors for their development and progression are being studied. To date, information have been accumulated on unfavorable prognostic effect of elevated trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) levels on cardiovascular events, and the possible role of phospholipids (PLs) is being discussed. The aim of this review was to analyze the literature data on the potential relationship of TMAO and PLs with cardiovascular risk (CVR), as well as possible solutions to this problem. The search and analysis of publications was performed using Elibrary, PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar databases in the period from their creation to 2021. It was found that high TMAO concentrations can have pro-inflammatory effects, stimulate atherogenesis and increase platelet aggregation. An increase in the blood TMAO levels increases the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease, is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and all-cause death in patients with peripheral arterial disease and heart failure, and correlates with the extent of brain regions involved in stroke. The most important part in TMAO formation is taken by the gut microbiota, which metabolizes substrates, including PLs, to trimethylamine, which, when absorbed, is converted into TMAO in the liver. The analysis of available studies shows that the excessive intake of PLs into the gastrointestinal tract and the increased TMAO production are potentially interrelated with an increase in CVR. At the same time, PLs are currently used as drugs, in particular, as hepatoprotective agents. In view of this, large-scale randomized clinical trials are needed to study the CVR profile in patients receiving such therapy. Currently, other hepatoprotective agents are available that are devoid of such potential risks, since they do not contain PLs. One of these agents is ursodeoxycholic acid, which has proven its effectiveness and safety, including in patients with high CVR in routine clinical practice.
Nitric oxide — soluble guanylate cyclase — cyclic guanosine monophosphate signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of heart failure and search for novel therapeutic targets
Authors: Kobalava Zh. D. , Lazarev P. V.
Published: October 2021

Heart failure is a severe disease with an unfavorable prognosis, which requires intensification of therapy and the search for novel approaches to treatment. In this review, the physiological significance of soluble guanylate cyclase-related signaling pathway, reasons for decrease in its activity in heart failure and possible consequences are discussed. Pharmacological methods of stimulating the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate using drugs with different mechanisms of action are considered. Data from clinical studies regarding their effectiveness and safety are presented. A promising approach is stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase, which showed beneficial effects in preclinical studies, as well as in the recently completed phase III VICTORIA study.
Problems of selecting an anticoagulant for secondary stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Gusev V. V. , Lvova O. A. , Shamalov N. A.
Published: October 2021

The article describes the urgent problem of ischemic stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation. It is proved that ischemic stroke in combination with AF is the most severe in terms of developing stable motor and speech disorders and disability. The frail older patients, as well as patients with swallowing disorders and reduced medical adherence present a special problem from this point of view. The most famous clinical studies on secondary prevention of cardioembolic stroke are RE-LY, ROCKET-AF, and ARISTOTLE. Based on subanalyses of randomized controlled trials, direct oral anticoagulants demonstrated a favorable efficacy profile in patients with atrial fibrillation and stroke/ transient ischemic attack, but the level of knowledge on each of them remained different. A number of advantages of rivaroxaban for primary and secondary prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation, including the elderly and patients with cognitive impairments and swallowing disorders, have been demonstrated.
Maxillofacial Radiology 192
Authors: Nel Chané , Robinson Liam
Published: October 2021

A 64-year-old male patient, who is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive on treatment, presented with atwo-year history of a painful swelling involving the left parotid gland. Cone beam computerised tomographic (CBCT) imaging was performed (Figures A-D). What are the pertinent radiological findings and your diagnostic hypothesis?
Health quality of retired Royal New Zealand Navy personnel: A cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Doug King , Patria A Hume , Trevor N Clark , Conor Gissane
Published: October 2021

Purpose: To characterise the current health quality of retired Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN) personnel. Methods: A Cross-sectional analysis of self-reported survey data was conducted. A total of 300 retired RNZN personnel completed a Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) survey on-line using the SF-36v2 to assess physical and mental health domains. The Physical Component Summary [PCS] combined Physical Function (PF), Role Physical (RP), Bodily Pain (BP) and General Health (GH) subscales. The Mental Component Summary [MCS] combined Vitality (VT), Social Functioning (SF), Role Emotional (RE) and Mental Health (MH) subscales. Analysis by age, gender, ethnicity, and rank were conducted for the subscale results. Comparisons of the RNZN cohort with the 1998 US National and New Zealand 2006-2007 health surveys were made. Results: New Zealand Europeans (NZE) recorded a higher mean RP and PCS than New Zealand Māori (NZM) (RP: 66.9 vs. 54.9; t(46)=-2.2; p=0.0294; d=0.50; PCS: 68.9 vs. 65.7; t(46)=-2.3; p=0.0267; d=0.47). Senior Rates recorded a higher MH (69.5 vs. 66.2; t(19)=-1.1; p=0.0568; d=0.35) but a lower PCS (65.0 vs. 65.6; t(19)=0.6;p=0.0681 d=0.07) and MCS (59.2 vs. 59.4; t(19)=-1.4; p=0.0865; d=0.46) than Officers. Compared with the New Zealand 2006-2007 health survey, the retired RNZN cohort had a lower RP (58.0 vs. 85.7; d=1.14), BP (42.6 vs. 75.3; d=1.51), SF (59.8 vs. 88.4; d=1.85) and MH (68.5 vs. 82.3; d=1.28). Conclusion: The lower HRQOL subscales results (especially BP) for retired RNZN personnel compared to the general population and other service personnel indicates a need for more research to understand the potential reasons for these findings. The effects of the lifestyle and training requirements combined with the entry selection of healthy people into the navy may have impacted on the results reported in this survey.
Genetic Engineering in the Twenty-First Century: Genetically modified organisms
Authors: Conrad B Quintyn
Published: October 2021

In agriculture, animals and plants are engineered to produce pharmaceuticals, and crops are modified to be nutritious, tolerant of herbicides and the natural environment, and resistant to disease. While these goals may seem practical, is it wise to modify plant systems without a clear idea of the long-term effects of genetic engineering in animals and humans? [1].
Lumbar lordosis in patients undergoing non-instrumented spinal stenosis
Authors: Anna Isart , Gemma Vila-Canet , David Cancer , Augusto Covaro , Enric Caceres , Ana Garcia De Frutos , Maite Ubierna
Published: October 2021

Objective: To study the behaviour of Lumbar Lordosis (LL) after non-instrumented decompression surgery in patients diagnosed with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis (LSS). Methods and materials: Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing non-lumbar instrumented decompression surgery for lumbar spine stenosis, operated on between January 2011 and December 2017. The variables collected were age, sex, affected segment, and presence or not of degenerative spondylolisthesis (ELS). The Lumbar Lordosis (LL) parameter was analysed using conventional radiology in standing position pre and postoperatively. Results: 64 patients were selected, 17 women and 47 men, with an average age of 68 (35-83). 65% stenosis was located in a single level, and 39.1% had degenerative ELS grade I. The average follow-up was 26 months (6m-104m). A preoperative LL angle of 43.2º (9.8º-70.8º) and 47º (8º-76º) were found at the postoperative follow-up, with an average difference of 3.8º (-15.7º-20.2º). 9.4% (6 patients) of degenerative ELS evolved to grade II, and 8 patients needed reoperation for different reasons. In patients with ELS, we found a greater increase in postoperative LL (5.59º) than in patients without ELS (2.61º) (p = 0.08). No statistically significant relationship was found between the behaviour of the LL with the number of decompressed levels (p = 0.43) and the need for reoperation (p = 0.26). Conclusions: According to our study, the technique of posterior decompression without instrumentation of the lumbar spine stenosis is not associated with a decrease of lumbar lordosis parameter. Conversely, there is a slight tendency for LL to increase in cases where a degenerative ELS is present.
Japanese Encephalitis (JE): A curse for people living in Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Jay Prakash Patel , Kusum Verma , Vijeta Singh
Published: October 2021

Japanese Encephalitis (JE) follows due to viral infection that directly affects brain leading to coma and finally death. JE which finally leads to Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) have been creating devastation in eastern Uttar Pradesh for decades. The Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh is the epicenter of encephalitis induced deaths and the disease mostly affect its rural areas. However, Maharajgang, Sant Kabir Nagar, Basti, Kushinagar, Siddharth Nagar, Deoria and Mau are the most affected districts in the state. Independent figures put the toll around 50,000 as many kids die without reaching hospital. Every year, in rainy season the condition is worst for children in Uttar Pradesh. The Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) is generally spread by mosquitoes, specifically those of the genus Culex. Pigs and wild birds serve as reservoir for the JEV. Encephalitis can be air or water borne, the result of a mosquito bite or spread by ticks. The initial symptoms are fever, cold or headache. However, it becomes life threatening only when it crosses the blood and brain barrier. There is no full cure of the disease; however, it can only be treated by vaccination to some extent. Prevention includes control of the vector mosquitoes of JEV by fogging with ultra-low levels of insecticides and by raising the immunity in children by vaccination. There are three types of vaccines has been used in large scale. In India, the JE vaccination was launched during 2006. Recently Shri Yogi Adityanath (Chief Minister, Uttar Pradesh) government has launched a massive encephalitis vaccination program during 2017-18 which is a positive hopeful step towards saving the lives of several innocent people of our country.
Small Object and Artefact Photography - 'SOAP' Protocol v1
Authors: Niccolo Cerasoni Jacopo , Do Nascimento Rodrigues Felipe
Published: October 2021

Photography is among one of the most widely used methods in scientific publications to efficiently and objectively communicate morphological, technological and aesthetic characteristics of any object. Particularly, in the fields of archaeology and anthropology, the study of small objects and artefacts is fundamental for the better understanding of past and present human activities. For these purposes, photography offers a method for researchers and alike to use photographs as objective evidence for their findings, results and interpretations. Here, the Small Object and Artefact Photography (SOAP) protocol is presented. This protocol aims to offer a standardised and full-encompassing method for the most objective and scientifically reproducible application of photography for academic purposes. The protocol follows an optimised step-by-step method, presenting the practice of small object and artefact photography from the initial set up of the equipment, the best methods for camera handling and functionality use, to the application of post-processing softwares. This method has been developed for anyone interested in producing clear and high quality photographs for a multitude of applications, from academic and scientific publications to public outreach.
E. coligrowth curve assay in BG-11 + sucrose v1
Authors: not provided sanjana
Published: October 2021

To obtain growth curves of KJK01 and pCSCX-KJK01 in BG-11 + sucrose and to characterize their growth. This also serves to estimate sucrose consumption and butanol production over time. This can be adapted for any other bacteria as well by giveing proper growth conditions, and using appropriate wavelength to measure the OD and giving proper time intervals based on whether the bacteria is slow growing or fast growing.
Transformation of E. coli with plasmid v1
Authors: not provided sanjana
Published: October 2021

This protocol can be used to transform electrocompetent E. coli cells with a plasmid.
Unfolding the COVID-19 second wave in India
Authors: Saleem Sheikh Mohd
Published: October 2021

Early efforts to vaccinate the Indian population were started on 16th January 2021. With this, a ray of hope came as people again starting their livelihoods, roads looked busy again, playgrounds were again full of children. Everything seems back to normal, while the Government was allowing all other activities with the option to follow the COVID appropriate behavior (CAB) keeping a blind eye to whether or not someone follows it. The immediate consequence of this laxity was that people were not following the CAB in particular, and by the end of January 2021, the situation was back to normal, as if there were no pandemics anywhere. While the rate of vaccination was slowly taking pace, the majority population believed that the vaccination may be necessary later, leading to the vaccine hesitancy.

The second wave which started in the last quarter of March 2021 and spreader much faster than the first wave, is believed to be fueled by the additional strains of the coronavirus, as stated by many health experts. New coronavirus strains are thought to be more infectious home ground variants found in 61% of samples of genomes sequenced in many states in India. Even such news was reported by media rapidly, the laxity in the CAB and preventive measures, coupled with the presence of new variants, has resulted in a nationwide crisis. What caught the attention of the globe was despite the ongoing pandemic, the Indian Government allowed State assembly elections in the Eastern part of the country, which could have been delayed at this point. The prime Minster led Government faced this Critic from the opposition while the “Maha Kumbh Mela” organized at Haridwar attended by lacs of devotees who believed to bathe in a ritual river to pure themselves for their mistakes of past was also allowed by the Government. It was reported by media that about 7 million devotees attended the event and 1700 tested positive for covid-19 over 5 days period because no such social distancing measures or masks were used during the Maha Kumbh Mela by the attendees. Most of the public health agencies tried their best to dispel the myths and supported the campaigns associated with covid-19 vaccines but turned a blind eye and acted as a muted spectator for the election rallies and Maha Kumbh Mela. Following COB during election rallies and Maha Kumbh Mela will never go easy hand in hand, so the best is to follow the no man’s rule. What we believe the public health professionals of the country followed in deep agony and pressure.

As India is engulfed in the second wave of covid-19, the current situation is deteriorated by the presence of counterfeit drugs, lack of human resources, medical supplies, and equipment. There are unique scientific, technical, and logistic challenges which we face in covid-19, we need to take definite steps for fights against this pandemic.
Survey on individual experiences after first dose of COVID-19 vaccination amongst Indian oral health care personnel
Authors: Singh Sachdev Sanpreet , Joy Chettiankandy Tabita , Bhaginath Adhane Yogita , Ahire Sardar Manisha , Yaduwanshi Kalyani
Published: October 2021

Apprehension pertaining to adverse events associated with vaccine can create hesitancy in population which undermines their confidence in vaccination programmes. Clarity regarding what could be expected post-vaccination through reliable scientific data helps in allaying the apprehension. Our research aims at gauging the adverse experiences of oral health care professionals following first dose of immunization against COVID-19 with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (COVISHIELD™) and BBV152 (COVAXIN®).

Data was collected by means of e-questionnaire circulated through online media such as social media platforms to oral health care professionals in India. Data was subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS v 26.0, IBM). Descriptive statistics like frequencies and percentage for categorical data, Mean & SD for numerical data has been depicted. Comparison of frequencies of categories of variables with groups was done using chi square test.

Pain at site of injection (n=243) was the most frequently reported AEFI, followed by fever (n=225), headache (n=185), body ache (n=156) and fatigue (n=146). Majority of the AEFIs were perceived to be of mild (58.22%) to moderate (31.50%) severity by the respondents and resolved within first two days of immunization.

AEFIs are almost inevitable when population on a nation-wide scale is involved in the vaccination scheme Availability of scientific data pertaining to AEFIs that could be expected post-vaccination such as our findings could provide clarity to general population about the issue, thereby purging any apprehension developed due to myths circulation through various modes of media.
Impact of COVID- 19 on continuity of essential health services in various health care institutions in district Amritsar, Punjab, India
Authors: Devgun Priyanka , Devgan Shivesh , Singh Harjot , Singh Sukhpal , Singh Amanbir
Published: October 2021

From a point in time where the human race declared itself the master of the universe to this point in time where it is facing an existential threat from the contagion- Covid 19 pandemic has exposed the vulnerability of the human race to a wipeout. The disruption of physical, mental, social, emotional and financial health and health systems is unprecedented.

Study the impact of Covid 19 on continuity of essential health services in various health care institutions in district Amritsar, Punjab.

: Online survey was conducted through google forms using questionnaire adapted from the World Health Organization-Pulse Survey on Continuity of Essential Health Services during Covid 19 pandemic. Respondents were personnel working at public and Ayushman Bharat empaneled private health care institutions. Response rate was 60% (55 out of 92 health care institutions personnel responded)

A highly significant difference was observed between the public and the private health care sector in provision of antenatal care (Mann Whitney U statistic= 78.00, p=.004) and imaging and radio diagnosing services (Mann Whitney U statistic= 48.00, p=.000) while a significant difference was observed in provision of service of institutional delivery (Mann Whitney U statistic= 112.00, p=.046). All the other essential health services were similarly affected in the public and private health sector institutes. Financial difficulties faced during the lockdown was the single most common reason stated for disruption of essential health services. There was a significant difference in level of satisfaction experienced by health care personnel from public and private sector (Mann Whitney U statistic= 94.00, p=.02). Thematic analysis of the data on improving preparedness to minimize disruption in essential health services yielded the themes pertaining to creating a robust public health care infrastructure including use of e-health technology in the district and recruitment of adequate health care man power according to set norms.
Household’s perception on COVID-19 vaccination in India
Authors: Singh Jatav Surendra , Nayak Sanatan
Published: October 2021

An attempt was made to assess the households’ perception on Covid-19 and vaccination. By using multistage sampling technique, 400 samples were collected during June 15 to July 15 2021. Further, descriptive statistics were used to analyse data. Households are well-aware of Covid-19 symptoms and their preventive measures i.e., quarantine period, social distancing, hand-wash and vaccination. Results also highlight that social hierarchies and rumours about vaccine are responsible for low vaccination in the sample villages. A grass-root awareness programme is prerequisite for complete vaccination and to avoid third-wave of Covid-19 in India.
Anticoagulación en pacientes con infección por COVID-19
Authors: Pájaro Galvis Nehomar , Abuabara Franco Emilio , Leal Martínez Victor , Serpa Díaz Dagoberto , Rico Fontalvo Jorge , Daza Arnedo Rodrigo , Bohorquez Rivero José , Correa Guerrero José , López Fontalvo Jonatan , Pomares Lara Alonso , Raad Sarabia María , Porto Corbacho Daniel
Published: October 2021

Introducción: El COVID-19 es una neumonía por el nuevo Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, con presentación clínica muy heterogénea, que en casos graves puede asociarse con un alto riesgo de coagulación intravascular diseminada, similar a lo observada en la coagulopatía inducida por sepsis, pero con un fenotipo predominantemente trombótico. Por esto, La anticoagulación debe ser considerado como una estrategia terapéutica en este tipo de pacientes. Objetivos: Mostrar toda la literatura disponible sobre los beneficios de la anticoagulación en COVID-19 grave. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda avanzada con los términos DeSC y MeSH: Infecciones por Coronavirus; SARS-CoV; Coagulación Sanguínea; Coagulación Intravascular Diseminada; Disfunción orgánica múltiple; Sepsis; Síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica; Lesión renal aguda. Se utilizaron los motores de búsqueda Clinical Key, Embase, PubMed y Ovid, obteniendo un total de 143 resultados, entre artículos originales, reportes de casos, series de casos y revisiones de la literatura, se seleccionaron un total de 56 artículos que fueron utilizados para la elaboración de la presente revisión de la literatura. Conclusiones: Los pacientes con COVID-19 grave poseen alto riesgo trombótico y podrían beneficiarse de la anticoagulación con heparinas de bajo peso molecular; no obstante, hace falta más estudios sobre la utilidad del tratamiento anticoagulante en pacientes con COVID-19 grave y riesgo de coagulación intravascular diseminada.
Evidencias sobre seguridad alimentaria con relación a proteínas en alimentos transgénicos
Authors: Gómez Camponovo Mariana , Fernández Grisel
Published: October 2021

El desarrollo de la biotecnología aplicada a los cultivos ha generado fuertes debates éticos y sociales sobre su uso. El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo revisar las evidencias epidemiológicas existentes relacionando el consumo de alimentos genéticamente modificados, en particular aquellos provenientes de cultivos con resistencia a algunos insectos plagas en los que se han introducido proteínas Cry aisladas de Bacillum thurigiensis con probables daños o trastornos en la salud de las personas. Se realizó una revisión en profundidad en el periodo 2007 a 2019, en bases de datos. Se excluyeron aquellos artículos que no hacían referencia a salud humana. Se obtuvieron 1 350 y finalmente se revisaron 118. La revisión permitió concluir que la mayoría de los estudios existentes se centran en información respecto a la composición química y ensayos in vitro o en laboratorio con animales. Igualmente, que el principio rector de equivalencia sustancial hoy utilizado en forma generalizada para la evaluación de potenciales efectos en salud, no debería sustituir la necesidad de una evaluación rigurosa de los productos incluyendo ensayos nutricionales, inmunológicos y toxicológicos. Por último se comprueba también que la evidencia epidemiológica incluida es insuficiente por lo que lo que no es posible concluir a partir de ella, sobre la inocuidad de estos alimentos.
Carta desde mi ventana Una fatalista reflexión pandémica
Authors: Arias Valencia Samuel Andrés
Published: October 2021

El relato dominante de esta pandemia ha sido narrado a partir de un enfoque bioclínico. El virus SARS-CoV-2, más allá de la discusión bizantina de su origen, una porción de murciélago sumergida en una sopa de Wuhan o el maquiavélico plan orquestado en China para adueñarse del mundo a partir de la liberación del virus, es más que un problema clínico que produce una gripezinha o falla respiratoria o una tormenta de citocinas o una falla multiorgánica en los individuos enfermos. La pregunta que ronda este fenómeno es cuáles son las condiciones que posibilitaron que esto se esté presentando. ¿Es solo un evento fortuito dado por el azar en la interacción biológica entre especies? No, yo considero que hay determinantes antrópicos no sólo para el caso índice sino, sobre todo, para la expansión de la infección. Sin duda, el virus comenzó su expansión viajando en clase ejecutiva, pero sobre todo en clase turista, viajes en un mundo globalizado vinculado a dinámicas económicas extractivistas que alteran y destruyen los ecosistemas, que nos ponen en cuenta regresiva para nuestra viabilidad como especie en este planeta y que fomentan cambios e interacciones inesperadas como el encuentro entre el SARS-CoV-2 y nosotros, los homo ridiculus.