bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Redox-mediated decoupled seawater direct splitting for H2 production
Authors: Liu Tao , Lan Cheng , Tang Min , Li Mengxin , Xu Yitao , Yang Hangrui , Deng Qingyue , Jiang Wenchuan , Zhao Zhiyu , Wu Yifan , Xie Heping
Published: October 2024

Seawater direct electrolysis (SDE) using renewable energy provides a sustainable pathway to harness abundant oceanic hydrogen resources. However, the side-reaction of the chlorine electro-oxidation reaction (ClOR) severely decreased direct electrolysis efficiency of seawater and gradually corrodes the anode. In this study, a redox-mediated strategy is introduced to suppress the ClOR, and a decoupled seawater direct electrolysis (DSDE) system incorporating a separate O2 evolution reactor is established. Ferricyanide/ferrocyanide ([Fe(CN)6]3−/4−) serves as an electron-mediator between the cell and the reactor, thereby enabling a more dynamically favorable half-reaction to supplant the traditional oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This alteration involves a straightforward, single-electron-transfer anodic reaction without gas precipitation and effectively eliminates the generation of chlorine-containing byproducts. By operating at low voltages (~1.37 V at 10 mA cm−2 and ~1.57 V at 100 mA cm−2) and maintaining stability even in a Cl−-saturated seawater electrolyte, this system has the potential of undergoing decoupled seawater electrolysis with zero chlorine emissions. Further improvements in the high-performance redox-mediators and catalysts can provide enhanced cost-effectiveness and sustainability of the DSDE system.
Detection of body shape changes in obesity monitoring using image processing techniques
Authors: Ergün Uçman , Aktepe Elif , Koca Yavuz Bahadır
Published: October 2024

Body measurements are primarily made with a tape measure. In measurements taken with a tape measure, the inability to take measurements from the same part of the body each time, incorrect positioning of the tape measure, the occurrence of incorrect measurements, and the need for a person to take the measurements are significant problems in the traditional measurement method. Due to the social distancing rule that must be followed during the Covid-19 pandemic, the close contact between the person to be measured and the person taking the measurement became the starting point of this study. This study focuses on the detecting body shape changes using image processing techniques with 2D imaging. The novelty of the work is that non-contact body measurements are taken more accurately and reliably using the cosine theorem. Regular monitoring of obese patients is important in combating obesity, which is also the source of many health problems. In the monitoring of obese patients, it is necessary to determine the rate of slimming in areas where fat accumulation is intense. The error margin between the real measurements of human models and the calculated measurements was calculated as an average of ± 5.16% for waistline and an average of ± 4.58% for hip size. The cosine theorem was used instead of the ellipse formula used in the literature, and it was observed that the cosine theorem obtained results closer to reality. It is also thought that the developed system will be beneficial not only for extracting body measurements but also for extracting body measurements contactless in the textile sector. The study demonstrates the feasibility of image processing for non-contact body anthropometry and shape tracking.
Systematic analysis of tRNA transcription unit deletions in E. coli reveals insights into tRNA gene essentiality and cellular adaptation
Authors: Tiefenbacher Sanja , Pezo Valérie , Marlière Philippe , Roberts Tania M. , Panke Sven
Published: October 2024

Transfer ribonucleic acids (tRNAs) are essential for protein synthesis, decoding mRNA sequences into amino acids. In E. coli K-12 MG1655, 86 tRNA genes are organized in 43 transcription units (TUs) and the essentiality of individual tRNA TUs in bacterial physiology remains unclear. To address this, we systematically generated 43 E. coli tRNA deletion strains in which each tRNA TU was replaced by a kanamycin resistance gene. We found that 33 TUs are not essential for survival, while 10 are essential and require the corresponding TU to be provided on plasmid. The analysis revealed E. coli’s tolerance to alterations in tRNA gene copy number and the loss of non-essential tRNAs, as most strains exhibited minimal to no growth differences under various conditions compared to the parental strain. However, deletions metZWV, alaWX and valVW led to significant growth defects under specific conditions. RNA-seq analysis of ∆alaWX and ∆valVW revealed upregulation of genes involved in translation and pilus assembly. Our results provide valuable insights into tRNA dynamics and the cellular response to tRNA TU deletions, paving the way for deeper understanding of tRNA pool complexity.
Separate mechanisms regulating accumbal taurine levels during baseline conditions and following ethanol exposure in the rat
Authors: Ademar Karin , Ulenius Lisa , Loftén Anna , Söderpalm Bo , Adermark Louise , Ericson Mia
Published: October 2024

Ethanol-induced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (nAc) is associated with reward and reinforcement, and for ethanol to elevate nAc dopamine levels, a simultaneous increase in endogenous taurine is required within the same brain region. By employing in vivo microdialysis in male Wistar rats combined with pharmacological, chemogenetic and metabolic approaches, our aim with this study was to identify mechanisms underlying ethanol-induced taurine release. Our results demonstrate that the taurine elevation, elicited by either systemic or local ethanol administration, occurs both in presence and absence of action potential firing or NMDA receptor blockade. Inhibition of volume regulated anion channels did not alter the ethanol-induced taurine levels, while inhibition of the taurine transporter occluded the ethanol-induced taurine increase, putatively due to a ceiling effect. Selective manipulation of nAc astrocytes using Gq-coupled designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) did not affect ethanol-induced taurine release. However, activation of Gi-coupled DREADDs, or metabolic inhibition using fluorocitrate, rather enhanced than depressed taurine elevation. Finally, ethanol-induced taurine increase was fully blocked in rats pre-treated with the L-type Ca2+-channel blocker nicardipine, suggesting that the release is Ca2+ dependent. In conclusion, while astrocytes appear to be important regulators of basal taurine levels in the nAc, they do not appear to be the main cells underlying ethanol-induced taurine release.
Comparison of a new type of Dark Matter with the Milky Way and M31 grand rotation curves
Authors: Law Bruce M.
Published: October 2024

In the electron Born self-energy (eBse) model, free electrons are of finite-size and possess both a rest mass, me, as well as, a Born mass, meB = 74,000 me. The Born mass, which originates from the energy contained within the electric field that surrounds a finite-sized electron, serves as a Dark Matter (DM) particle in this theory (designated eBDM, electron Born Dark Matter). The equation of state for meB is w = -1, which implies that two Born masses experience a repulsive gravitational interaction. This repulsive gravitational interaction stabilizes the formation of a DM halo of meB particles, of typical halo size ~ 100 kpc, around a central mass M (e.g. a galaxy), where this gravitational stability arises from the competing attractive M - meB and repulsive meB - meB interactions. A solution of the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation, for this system, allows one to derive an expression for the rotational velocity VeBDM(R), as a function of radius R from the galactic center. A composite model composed of rotational velocity contributions from the galactic bulge, galactic disk, as well as, VeBDM(R) is found to provide a good description of the Grand Rotation Curves for the Milky Way and M31 galaxies.
Everyday helping is associated with enhanced mood but greater stress when it is more effortful
Authors: Pronizius Ekaterina , Forbes Paul A. G. , Feneberg Anja C. , Miculescu Bianca , Nater Urs M. , Piperno Giulio , Silani Giorgia , Stijovic Ana , Lamm Claus
Published: October 2024

Our affective states can influence whether we help others and after helping we often experience improved affect. One important factor determining whether we help, is the amount of effort involved. Using an ecological momentary assessment approach across two measurement bursts (N = 803; N = 303), we investigated the affective antecedents and consequences of everyday helping in terms of participants’ self-reported momentary stress and mood valence, with a specific focus on the perceived amount of effort involved. Regardless of the amount of effort involved in helping, participants reported more positive mood valence after helping across both measurement bursts. In burst 2, this mood boosting effect of helping was strongest in those reporting lower mood prior to helping. In burst 1, we found a bidirectional relationship between stress and helping effort: the greater the effort involved in helping, the greater the perceived stress both before and after helping. Contrary to our preregistered hypotheses, changes in stress or mood valence did not precede helping regardless of the amount of effort involved. Our results support previous work linking helping to enhanced mood but suggest that when helping is more effortful it is both preceded and followed by greater stress. These findings have important implications for fostering and sustaining prosocial behaviours, especially when effort is involved.
New insight into a simple high-yielding method for the production of fully folded and functional recombinant human CCL5
Authors: Tufail Afzaal , Akkad Saeed , Noble Amanda R. , Fascione Martin A. , Signoret Nathalie
Published: October 2024

Chemokines are proteins important for a range of biological processes from cell-directed migration (chemotaxis) to cell activation and differentiation. Chemokine C-C ligand 5 (CCL5) is an important pro-inflammatory chemokine attracting immune cells towards inflammatory sites through interaction with its receptors CCR1/3/5. Recombinant production of large quantities of CCL5 in Escherichia coli is challenging due to formation of inclusion bodies which necessitates refolding, often leading to low recovery of biologically active protein. To combat this, we have developed a method for CCL5 production that utilises the purification of SUMO tagged CCL5 from E. coli SHuffle cells avoiding the need to reform disulfide bonds through inclusion body purification and yields high quantities of CCL5 (~ 25 mg/L). We demonstrated that the CCL5 produced was fully functional by assessing well-established cellular changes triggered by CCL5 binding to CCR5, including receptor phosphorylation and internalisation, intracellular signalling leading to calcium flux, as well as cell migration. Overall, we demonstrate that the use of solubility tags, SHuffle cells and low pH dialysis constitutes an approach that increases purification yields of active CCL5 with low endotoxin contamination for biological studies.
Characteristics of surface modified sugarcane bagasse cellulose: application of esterification and oxidation reactions
Authors: Rao Sithara , Madhushree M. , Bhat K Subrahmanya
Published: October 2024

Research on polymer matrix composites has become increasingly important in both the academic and industrial sectors. The study of polymer-natural fiber composites, known for their eco-friendly properties, has gained significance. Sugarcane bagasse fibers, abundant as discarded agricultural byproducts, offer improved properties such as density, rigidity, strength, and cost-effectiveness, enhancing sustainability. As a result, experiments were performed on cellulose fibers pre-treated from sugarcane bagasse using 5% NaOH solution by simply soaking them for 4–5 h followed by washing with water. Further modifications involved esterification using phthalic anhydride and phthaloyl chloride via steam baths at 90 °C and oxidation using sodium percarbonate with a phase transfer catalyst (Adogen) at 80 °C. These chemically altered cellulose fibers exhibited significant peak changes in the FTIR spectra, a reduced crystallinity index in the XRD pattern, increased thermal stability as evidenced by TGA curve, and improved surface roughness in the SEM analysis. This paper emphasizes successful pretreatment procedures for isolating cellulose fibers from sugarcane bagasse and introduces three chemical treatments for surface functionalization which might find applications in the preparation of biocomposites.
Synthesis and characterization of borohydride rare-earth complexes supported by 2-pyridinemethanamido ligands and their application in the ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters
Authors: Beauvois Maxime , Capet Frédéric , Nguyen Joseph Q. , Ziller Joseph W. , Evans William J. , Champouret Yohan , Visseaux Marc
Published: October 2024

Y and Nd borohydride complexes bearing 2-pyridinemethanamido ligands were synthesized, revealing a varied coordination chemistry. Nine structures were identified by X-ray diffraction, some complexes being active in the ROP of cyclic esters.
Theoretical study on the concerted catalysis of Ir/Ni for amino radical transfer for C(sp2)–C(sp3) bond formation
Authors: Li Hui , Zheng He
Published: October 2024

Insights from DFT calculations into the synergistic Ir/Ni catalysis method for the synthesis of C(sp2)–C(sp3) bonds through an amino radical transfer (ART) strategy to generate alkyl radicals.
Self-healing polymer dielectric exhibiting ultrahigh capacitive energy storage performance at 250 °C
Authors: Xu Wenhan , Yang Fei , Zhao Guodong , Zhang Shixian , Rui Guanchun , Zhao Muchen , Liu Lingling , Chen Long-Qing , Wang Qing
Published: October 2024

The Anderson localization effect has been exploited in the design of high-temperature dielectric polymers, resulting in reduced conduction loss and outstanding capacitive energy storage performance over a wide temperature range up to 250 °C.
Correction: computational design, synthesis, and assessment of 3-(4-(4-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as effective epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors: a prospective strategy for anticancer therapy
Authors: Khedkar Nilesh Raghunath , Sindkhedkar Milind , Joseph Alex
Published: October 2024

Correction for ‘Computational design, synthesis, and assessment of 3-(4-(4-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as effective epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors: a prospective strategy for anticancer therapy’ by Nilesh Raghunath Khedkar et al., RSC Med. Chem., 2024, 15, 1626–1639, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4MD00055B.
Retraction: Sequestration of chromium(vi) and nickel(ii) heavy metals from unhygienic water via sustainable and innovative magnetic nanotechnology
Authors: Zulfiqar Noor , Shariatipour Monireh , Inam Fawad
Published: October 2024

Retraction of ‘Sequestration of chromium(vi) and nickel(ii) heavy metals from unhygienic water via sustainable and innovative magnetic nanotechnology’ by Noor Zulfiqar et al., Nanoscale Adv., 2024, 6, 287–301, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3NA00923H.
Materials designed to degrade: structure, properties, processing, and performance relationships in polyhydroxyalkanoate biopolymers
Authors: Lalonde Jessica N. , Pilania Ghanshyam , Marrone Babetta L.
Published: October 2024

A materials tetrahedron framework is applied to PHA biopolymers to highlight design challenges and frame potential future research exploring structure, property, processing, and performance relationships.
Photodynamic therapy of severe hemorrhagic shock on yolk–shell MoS2 nanoreactors
Authors: Zhang Yijun , Hua Tianfeng , Huang Xiaoyi , Gu Rongrong , Chu Ruixi , Hu Yan , Ye Sheng , Yang Min
Published: October 2024

A schematic description of yolk–shell Au@MoS2 for the treatment of hemorrhagic shock.
A polymorphic SrGa2O4:Eu2+ red phosphor for warm illumination and operando visualization of H2O2 catalytic reaction
Authors: Hu Tao , Jiang Zelong , Yang Hong , Lv Wei , Fu Ruijing , Zeng Qingguang , Yi Xiaodong , Gao Yan
Published: October 2024

γ- to β-phase transformation was achieved in a polymorphic SrGa2O4:Eu2+ red phosphor. The red emitter was demonstrated as a color convector in warm illumination and a fluorescent probe in operando visualization of catalytic processes.
Induction of Protocorm-like Bodies (PLBs) and Plant Regeneration in Cymbidium chloranthum (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Maedelyn Cordova Esther , Azlan Gansau Jualang , Tihoi Samuel , David Devina
Published: October 2024

Cymbidium chloranthum Lindl. is an indigenous orchid native to Sabah and several tropical countries in Asia. The significant horticultural value of orchids has led to many wild orchid species being threatened with extinction due to overcollection and habitat destruction. In this study, an efficient protocol for the in vitro regeneration and mass propagation of this orchid was developed. Protocorms of C. chloranthum were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium containing plant growth regulators (PGRs) such as meta-Topolin (mT) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at concentrations of 0.5 or 1.0 mg/L, and coconut water (CW) at 5 or 10% (v/v). The cultures were incubated at 25±2℃ under 12h of photoperiod. The MS basal medium devoid of any PGRs served as a control. After 90 days of culture, the combination of 0.5 mg/L mT and 0.5 mg/L BAP significantly promoted 2.97±0.53 shoots and 3.83±1.07 roots, respectively. The same treatment also promoted protocorms multiplication with an average production of 2.24±0.55 PLBs. During the acclimatization phase, 66% of the regenerated plants survived. The fully acclimatized plants were reintroduced into their natural habitat in Tenom Orchid Centre. The current approach offers a sustainable way to meet commercial demand while conserving the remarkable species in its natural habitat.
Diversity and Ecology of Araceae in the Mossy Forest, Brinchang, Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Mohamad Asraf-Fizree , MZ Norhazlini , Hamzah Zulhazman
Published: October 2024

A total of ten species from seven genera of Araceae were collected from the Mossy Forest, Brinchang, Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Peninsular Malaysia. Among these, eight species are common, while two species (Arisaema brinchangense and A. filiforme) are categorized as endangered. Several common genera that thrive in lowland areas such as Aglaonema Schott., Homalomena Schott., Piptospatha N.E. Br., Schismatoglottis Zoll. & Morritz, and Scindapsus Schott., were absent. The findings show that the number of Araceae in this area is low due to the altitudinal range. This paper focuses on two highland Araceae species, A. brinchangense and A. filiforme, their unique morphological characteristics make them potential attractions for ecotourism. The paper provides updated information on these species to enhance understanding and appreciation of their importance in conservation and biodiversity. By highlighting their distinct features and status, this paper aims to raise awareness about the need for their protection and preservation, while also showcasing their potential as ecotourism assets for those interested in exploring and experiencing the rich natural heritage of highland ecosystems.
Bird diversity in Gunung Tebu Forest Reserve: Biological data of environmentally sensitive area in east coast Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Mahyudin Nur Aina Amira , Munian Kaviarasu , Fauzi Nur Athirah , Ahmad Muhammad Bukhari , Rosdy Faridatul Nordiana
Published: October 2024

Malaysia had developed guidelines to develop and conserve environmentally sensitive areas (ESAs), which mainly based on physical attributes, disregarding the biological elements. A recent study has identified ten potential biological parameters to be integrated into the ESA classification, especially for permanent forest reserve. However, the information on biological parameters is still scarce and inadequate, requiring extensive research on species diversity and its distribution especially on bird assemblages. Hence, a study on bird diversity was conducted over five sampling sessions from April to July 2023 in one of ESA permanent forest reserve, Gunung Tebu Forest Reserve, located in east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 76 species from 32 families were documented based on observation which is 51 species of the total species recorded, 31 species by mist-netting and 12 species with bird calling. The diversity (Simpson Index = 0.952 to 0.974, Shannon Index = 3.045 to 3.638) between sessions was compared. Based on Chao 2 estimator, the total species richness in the study area was estimated to be between 77 and 80 species. This comprehensive documentation highlights the previously underreported bird diversity in the forest reserve, emphasizing the need for including biological parameters as a classification attribute for environmentally sensitive area in Malaysia.
Floristic Composition and Tree Species Diversity with DBH ≤ 5 cm at Gunung Stong State Park (GSSP), Kelantan, Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Abdullah Norerliana Syafika , Mat Razii Muhammad Al-Hafiz , Abdul Aziz Ahamd Adham , Baharom Nur Izati , Jemali Noor Janatun Naim , Mat Rasat Mohd Sukhairi , Muhamad Nor Amal Najihah , Amaludin Nazahatul Anis
Published: October 2024

A study was conducted to assess the tree species composition, diversity, and above-ground biomass at Gunung Stong State Park (GSSP), Dabong, Kelantan, Malaysia. Five plots were systematically established of each 20 m x 20 m (0.2 ha), and all trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of 5 cm and below were enumerated. A total of 273 individual trees were enumerated, representing 88 species belonging to 40 families and 67 genera. Lauraceae was the most represented family, consisting of 3 genera and 4 species. The Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H’) indicated a high diversity value of 3.46 and the Simpson Diversity Index (D) with 0.97. The total above-ground biomass of the trees was estimated to be 0.619 ta/ha. Notably, Vatica maingayi and Aquilaria malaccensis identified in the study area are listed as vulnerable, with decreasing population trends. The floristic composition and the presence of these threatened species underscore the ecological importance of GSSP, highlighting its potential role as a critical conservation site for maintaining biodiversity and protecting vulnerable plant species. This study provides valuable baseline data for the management and conservation of forest resources in GSSP and contributes to the broader understanding of tropical forest ecosystems in Malaysia position implies that the study area can serve as a conservation site for the threatened plant species.
A Preliminary Study of Diversity and Distribution of Family Rubiaceae in Gunung Stong State Park (GSSP), Kelantan
Authors: Shamsul Amri Nur Husna Syasya , Roslam Muhammad Hafizzudin , Jun Sow Bao , Yusof Melati , Abdul Majid Nur Kyariatul Syafinie , Hamzah Zulhazman , Amaludin Nazahatul Anis
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted to identify the diversity and distribution of Family Rubiaceae in Gunung Stong State Park (GSSP), Kelantan. Rubiaceae family is one of the broad and important families of flowering plants in the botanical and has potential for human, medicinal uses and other functions. This species has been found in various places in Malaysia, but in Kelantan which has only a few recorded data related to Rubiaceae. The main objective of this study is to measure the diversity and distribution of Family Rubiaceae in Gunung Stong State Park (GSSP), Kelantan using a random sampling method. It shows Rubiaceae family that was recorded at GSSP consists of 9 species with 41 individuals belonging to 6 genera. The diversity index for Family Rubiaceae was determined using Shannon Wiener -Index (H’) was calculated at 1.60 and Simpson’s Index (D) was 0.67. Species collected, recorded, and compared with several characteristics such as vegetative, flower, and fruit. Hence, the result presented was intended for the stakeholder to update the database to assist stakeholders in managing high conservation value forests (HCVF).
Exploring biomimicry in agriculture focuses on how insights from natural systems can revolutionize farming practices and enhance food security
Authors: Othmani Nurul Izzati , Wan Mohamad Wan Saiful Nizam , Abdul Hamid Nor Hamizah , Ramlee Noorliyana , Yeo Lee Bak , Hasan Ramly , Ibrahim Ismi Luqman Hamadi , Mustapa Nor Diyana , Mohd Jain Noordin Mohd Azri , Khairuddin Muhammad Rizal , Othmani Iylia Athirah
Published: October 2024

Biomimicry, a design philosophy that is based on the principles of nature, presents a promising solution to the sustainability challenges faced by modern agriculture. Biomimicry agriculture endeavours to replicate the efficacy, resilience, and sustainability of natural systems by drawing inspiration from ecosystems. By analysing agricultural challenges and identifying the biomimicry approach in previous research, this study investigates the alternative method in biomimicry to ensure a sufficient food supply for agriculture. This document examines the adoption of biomimicry in the agricultural sector. A comprehensive content analysis of four case studies that concentrated on biomimicry farming systems and their integration with agricultural design was conducted. The case study selection was determined by the concept of biomimicry, which involves the transfer of inspiration from nature to the commonplace built environment. The results indicate that the design of Biomimicry is anticipated to enhance the efficacy of agriculture and technology in terms of environmental sustainability and well-being. The urban environment can be transformed through the application of biomimicry, as evidenced by this agricultural study. In summary, biomimicry has the potential to significantly improve the sustainability and resilience of agriculture. It has the potential to create innovative solutions that improve food security, conserve natural resources, and reduce the environmental effects of cultivation.
Validating the Environmental Kuznets Curve: Evidence from ASEAN’s Economic Growth, Renewable Energy, and Carbon Emissions
Authors: Othman Norashida , Wahab Siti Norida , Hewage Rishan Sampath , Ismail Farah Raihana , Chindo Sulaiman
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the nexus between economic growth, foreign direct investment (FDI), technological advancement, household consumption, and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) among ASEAN countries. The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis suggests an inverted U-shaped relationship between environmental degradation and economic development, signifying that pollution levels primarily increase with economic growth but decline after reaching a turning point. Employing panel data spanning from 1990 to 2022 for seven ASEAN countries including Cambodia, Brunei, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines and Vietnam, this study uses Pooled Mean Group (PMG) analysis to scrutinise the short-run and long-run relationships among the variables. The findings provide support for the validity of the EKC hypothesis in the ASEAN region, signalling the existence of an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and GHG. In the short run, FDI and economic growth were found to increase emissions, while in the long run, growth in technological advancements and gross production were correlated with a reduction in GHG. The findings offer significant insights particularly for policymakers among ASEAN countries to formulate effective strategies that balance technological advancement, FDI attraction economic growth and environmental sustainability, while also emphasising the importance of promoting sustainable consumption patterns.
Are You Sure About Your Purchase? Consumer Preferences For Local Beef Purchase Among Malaysians: A Case Study In Johor, Malaysia
Authors: Isahak Siti Nordiyana , Mohd Ali Norfariza , Abd Ghani@Ismail Rosmah , Shaari Nur Fatihah , Ali Azman , Abu Bakar Norazlina
Published: October 2024

Every corner of the world loves beef for its juicy and tender texture. As the demand for beef products grows in the Malaysian market, understanding consumer preferences for beef, especially those related to its quality, is essential. The question normally asked is, what are the main factors that influence the customers when buying local beef. Therefore, to unravel the question, this study investigates consumer preferences for purchasing local beef among Malaysians in Johor. We use a quantitative method to report a descriptive statistic based on pilot data collected from 65 respondents working and living in Johor. The results indicate that consumers in Johor prioritize freshness (68.75%) and taste (50%) over halal status (81.25%) when purchasing local beef. The findings obtained will help in providing insightful information to local beef suppliers and the Johor State Department of Veterinary Services, about local beef consumers in Johor.
Encouraging Factors of Walkability Among Students in the Tropical Campus
Authors: Ramlee Noorliyana , Abdul Hamid Nor Hamizah , Othmani Nurul Izzati , Wan Mohamad Wan Saiful Nizam , Yeo Lee Bak , Mohamed Syahidah Amni , Zahari Zulhilmi , Ramlee Muhamad Fadhli
Published: October 2024

Recent studies on campus walkability have focused on understanding the factors that contribute to walkability and the impact it has on student life, health, and overall campus sustainability. This study explores the factors encouraging walkability among students at the Universiti Malaysia Kelantan (UMK) campus in Bachok, Kelantan. The research employs both quantitative and qualitative methods to gain comprehensive insights into the determinants of pedestrian activity. Quantitative data were collected through a survey distributed to 300 students at UMK Bachok Campus using purposive sampling. The data collection period spanned from May 2024 to June 2024 and were analysed by using SPSS 28.0. Findings from exploratory factor analysis indicate that there are three main factors that encourage the walkability among students in the campus, i) Pedestrian Safety and Comfort, ii) Pedestrian and Cyclist Infrastructure, and iii) Amenities and Environmental Factors. These factors collectively promote a secure, pleasant, and inclusive environment that motivates students to walk more. The study concludes with recommendations for campus planners and policymakers to further enhance walkability, thereby fostering a healthier, more sustainable, and connected campus environment in Bachok, Kelantan.
Spatial changes in Royal Malay Town: The Inheritance of ‘Kota’ for Sustainability of Urban Conservation Practices
Authors: Mohamed Syahidah Amni , Harun Nor Zalina , Abdul Hamid Nor Hamizah , Bak Yeo Lee , Saiful Nizam Wan Mohamad Wan , Nurul Izzati Othmani , Ramlee Noorliyana
Published: October 2024

The continuous degradation of historical urban fabric in traditional towns has hindered efforts to implement sustainable urban conservation practices. Considering the dynamic and complexities of urban areas, which encompass multiple relationships to geographical settings, functional economic and socio-cultural factors, understanding the contextual formation and growth therefore becomes an important consideration in any development project. However, analysing the evolutionary process requires systematic structuring at each hierarchical scale, temporal dimension and level of morphological elements. Thus, posing a significant challenge in extracting the organic growth development of traditional towns. This study attempts to develop a methodological framework for integrated urban morphological analysis that guides the analytical process of spatial changes in Royal Malay town. A case study at Old Town Centre of Kota Bharu, Kelantan was conducted with an emphasis on structuring the case and plan- unit analysis based on diachronic and synchronic comparisons. The findings unveiled the inherent morphogenetic characteristics of Royal Malay towns central to the spatial structure of Kota, which demarcate the fixation line of the growth process and imperative to the functioning system for spatial resilience. This implies that developing a systematic methodological and mapping analysis process aids in providing a clear and responsive strategy in managing rapid spatial transition. This study brings forward the bridging of multidisciplinary knowledge on urban history, geography, design, planning and management to assist in the formulation of comprehensive development guidelines and policies that emphasize an explicit morphological perspective.
Understanding Place and People through Cultural Mapping Approach: Case study at Bachok, Kelantan
Authors: Hasan Ramly , Aziz Nor Diana , Awang Ayub , Hassan Khalilah , Mohamed Syahidah Amni , Wan Mohamad Wan Saiful Nizam , Othmani Nurul Izzati
Published: October 2024

Cultural mapping is a vital approach for understanding place and community. This approach also involves systematically identifying the tangible and intangible cultural heritage assets. However, lack of awareness and engagement between local people and related parties causing this heritage to be increasingly forgotten. Younger generations are increasingly moving to urban areas in search of better opportunities, leading to a loss of traditional knowledge and skills in rural communities. Bachok district is rich in cultural heritage, historical landmarks, traditional crafts, local folklore and communal rituals. The preservation of both tangible and intangible heritage in Bachok requires concerted efforts involving the community, government, and NGOs. Initiatives to document, promote, and integrate these cultural elements into education and tourism can help sustain Kelantan’s unique cultural identity amidst modern challenges. Developing cultural mapping through qualitative approaches provides a comprehensive understanding of cultural heritage and community dynamics. This might involve ethnographic methods such as interviews and participant observation. These qualitative data provide a nuanced understanding of the intangible cultural heritage, such as beliefs, customs, and artistic expressions, enriching the cultural map with context and meaning. As the result, a cultural mapping map are produce as a guide to the public and tourist. through this cultural mapping can can improve the economy of the local community and preserve their cultural and heritage.
Evaluation of student perspectives and awareness regarding Kenyir Geopark
Authors: Baharim Nor Bakhiah , Rahman Muhd Nur Ismail Abdul , Adriaysah Dony , Ali Mohd Afiq Mohd , Ariffin Effi Helmy , Atan Azrah
Published: October 2024

Kenyir Geopark, a National Geopark, showcases Malaysia’s diverse geology, rich biodiversity, and significant cultural heritage. This study surveyed public awareness of Kenyir Geopark, focusing on students to ensure the younger generation understands natural heritage. A questionnaire, developed and pilot-tested for clarity, included questions on demographics, awareness, information sources, extracurricular interest, and Earth science enjoyment. The survey was distributed at the “Program Jom Kenali Kenyir Geopark” at Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Jenagor, a partner school of Kenyir Geopark. Participants had 20 minutes to complete it, and data were analyzed statistically. The survey revealed that while 64.1% of students recognized Kenyir Geopark, only 11% frequently visited natural parks. Although they valued conservation, notable gaps in awareness and interest in earth sciences were identified. This highlights the need for improved educational programs to enhance student engagement and understanding of geopark activities. The proposed educational framework for Kenyir Geopark, which focuses on contextual learning, interactive tools, and collaborative teaching, cultivates a strong sense of ownership and responsibility among young people. Through immersive, hands-on experiences, this approach empowers them to actively participate in preserving and sustainably developing the park. By strengthening the connection between young people and Kenyir Geopark, these initiatives can promote long-term sustainability and community involvement in preserving this unique geological and cultural landscape.
Study on the factors that lead to laboratory accidents among university students
Authors: Sukri Nor Sayzwani , Safrin Nur Syakilah , Kedri Farah Khaliz , Christianus Irene , Sukri Muhammad Aiman
Published: October 2024

Accidents always happen in the workplace as well as in the education sector. To reduce the accident rate in the workplace, causal factors must be considered. Hence, this study aims to analyze the level of causal factors that lead to laboratory accidents. This study involved students from higher education and was distributed to 489 students. The socio- demographics results show that 67.3% of respondents are female students compared to 32.7% are male students. Besides that, most of the respondents (35.4%) are from Third Year students. This study focuses on four major causal factors to laboratory accidents: individual factor, environmental factor, equipment factor and organization factor. The findings revealed that environmental factor is the main factor that causes laboratory accidents with an overall mean score of 4.67, followed by the organization factor (overall mean score of 4.66). Meanwhile, the overall mean score for the individual and equipment factors is 4.64. The results of this study can be used by the authorities or stakeholders in organizations, particularly in the education sector, to identify the most effective ways to reduce laboratory accidents in the education sector.
Land Use and Cover Change in Watersheds within Mining Tenements in Agusan Del Norte, Philippines
Authors: Sarmiento Roger , Cruz Rex Victor , Tiburan Cristino , Sobremisana Marisa , Bantayan Nathaniel
Published: October 2024

Mining is widely regarded as a key driver of land use and land cover changes, especially in watersheds where it operates. However, when conducted responsibly, mining can also contribute to landscape conservation and protection. This study analyzed land use and cover changes within watersheds in mining tenements from 2000 to 2020 using a combination of supervised and unsupervised satellite image classification techniques. Results indicated that water bodies, croplands, and forestlands decreased by 5.87%, 84.95%, and 4.08%, respectively, while built-up areas expanded by 577.33%. Water bodies showed an increase where areas near drainage systems were opened or repurposed. Barren land surged, largely due to road construction and development activities. Binary logistic regression identified distance from roads and elevation as the most influential factors driving these changes, with coefficients of -3.729 and 2.775, respectively. Interestingly, mining activities were found to be non- significant contributors to land use and cover change during the study period.
Soil Erosion Assessment Based on Remote Sensing and GIS in the East Bandung Basin, Indonesia
Authors: Rendra Pradnya Paramarta Raditya , Sukiyah Emi , Hadian Mohamad Sapari Dwi , Daliman Shaparas Binti , Sulaksana Nana
Published: October 2024

The research area is located in the East Bandung Basin, West Java, Indonesia. This research aims to assess the soil erosion rates in East Bandung Basin using remote sensing and Geographic Information System method. It was calculated using the Universal Soil Loss Equation, involves rain erosivity, soil erodibility, slope length and steepness, and land use indices. Rain erosivity and soil erodibility indices were determined from secondary data analysis whereas slope length and steepness, and land use indices were determined from the image analysis. The soil erosion rates in the research area can be classified into 5 classes, namely very low which is mapped across the foot slope to toe slope in the Rancaekek and Majalaya (7,055.22 ha), low in the shoulder to back slope (7,325.71 ha), moderate mostly from the summit to toe slope in half of the research area (17,151.91 ha), severe (3,223.97 ha) and very severe (2,891.49 ha) across the shoulder to back slope in parts of the Tanjungsari, Cileunyi, Jatinangor, Cimanggung, Cicalengka, Cikancung and Paseh areas. The results are expected to be important contribution to the government and local communities in order to minimize the impact of land use changes that can increase the risk of erosion.
Sinkhole Investigation using Resistivity Method in Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus
Authors: Sulaiman Mohd Syakir , Hussin Hamzah , Abiyoga Mahendra
Published: October 2024

The discovery of sinkholes on the road at Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli campus is concerning as it is risky to road users, especially Universiti Malaysia Kelantan students and staff. The study presents an investigation of the sinkhole based on the resistivity approach. By using the Electrical Resistivity Imaging (ERI) method, we can understand the subsurface materials that cause sinkhole occurrence. The resistivity data were collected on the sinkhole area using two survey lines of 50m Schlumberger array and 100m of Gradient array. The results of pseudosection showed a dominantly low resistivity area with a value between 1 Ωm to 100 Ωm indicating the presence of high water content in the subsurface materials due to water seepage from the surface. The highest resistivity value, 600 Ωm showed the presence of compacted material in the subsurface. From the resistivity method, the sinkhole formation in the study area is caused by water saturating the subsurface material which is likely due to rainwater seeping and washing away the unconsolidated material underneath.
Silica Geothermometry Studies of Shallow Aquifer in Kelantan
Authors: Ali Khan Mohammad Muqtada , A/L Mathialagan Kishan Raj Pillai , Mansor Hafzan Eva , Ahmad Shah Zameer , Ahmed Salman
Published: October 2024

The study aimed to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of silica concentrations in shallow quaternary aquifers across Kelantan, Malaysia. This assessment was crucial for understanding groundwater dynamics, including residence times and potential contamination sources. A total of 32 (29 groundwater and 03 surface water) samples were collected during both pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods in 2016. Silica concentrations ranged from 6.3 mg/l to 23.4 mg/l pre-monsoon and 6.2 mg/l to 23.5 mg/l post-monsoon. Silica geo-thermometry, based on the chalcedony equation, estimated temperatures ranging from 3.09°C to 37.61°C pre-monsoon and 0.90°C to 37.79°C post-monsoon. Under typical geothermal conditions with an average heat flow of 30°C/km, these temperatures corresponded to depths ranging from 0.02 km to 0.32 km pre- monsoon and 0.01 km to 0.32 km post-monsoon. The shallow depths (less than 0.32 km) indicate relatively rapid groundwater circulation, which aligns with the observed low silica concentrations. These findings suggest minimal anthropogenic influence and short residence times, emphasizing recent meteoric input and surface water inflow as dominant factors shaping water quality in the area.
Geoheritage Assessments of Cascades and Waterfalls in Batu Melintang, Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia
Authors: Sulaiman Nursufiah , Yazizul Rahman Siti Nur Adilah , Wan Ahmad Khalil Wan Ahmad Aqil Fahmi , Safai Azri Sulaimi , Sulaiman Noorzamzarina
Published: October 2024

The study area is between a dense forest and a rubber plantation in Kelantan’s Jeli District. This study aims to assess the geoheritage values of Lata Hokkaido, Lata Janggut, Marina Waterfall and Lata Bobby. The lithology of the study area is composed of different kind of granitic rock- quartz rich granitoid and alkali feldspar granite, with several enclaves of metamorphic rocks under the subunit of Noring Granite, Stong Migmatite Complex offer. To assess the geoheritage values, the qualitative and quantitative assessment have been carried out. Based on the qualitative assessment, Lata Janggut and Lata Hokkaido have a potential for geotourism sites, as the level of significance were state, whereas the Lata Bobby and Marina Waterfall can be a local level of significance only. On the other hand, the quantitative assessments shown that all four localities have a potential to be a part of geosite based on the survey taken from local people and tourists. It is highly recommended to the authorities to enhance facilities, information and all details about these four localities to be a part of Stong Geopark’s geosites.
Soil Erosion Mapping at Kampung Batu Balai, Kuala Krai, Kelantan using Geographic Information System (GIS)
Authors: Udin Wani Sofia , Mohd Saidin Seri Almas , Hussin Hamzah
Published: October 2024

Soil loss has become one of the world’s biggest and most important environmental problems. Besides, rapid development and various kinds of human activities have made significant environmental impacts due to some factors. Scientists are giving soil erosion a lot of attention, which has prompted the investigation of several approaches to solving the issue. The goal of this study is to use GIS technique to create a risk map for soil erosion. The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) approach was used, which considers a number of variables including slope, vegetation cover, rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, and conservation techniques. A soil erosion map with classification from low to high vulnerability is produced by combining these criteria. The Annual Soil Loss Factor (A) was obtained by raster calculation in GIS with a combination of several thematic layers to depict erosion risk zones. Land risk map in Kg. Batu Balai shows that the study area has a moderate erosion rate (37.5%). In conclusion, the data produced offers insightful information that can help detect possible hazards such as floods and alternatives to practical responses.
Prioritization of sub-watershed through morphometric analysis, Principal Component, and Land Use/Cover: A Case study of Cachar District, India
Authors: Ahmed Salman , Bin Arif M. Ribie , Kamran Azam Mohammad , Muqtada Ali Khan Mohammad , Said Saif
Published: October 2024

Soil and watershed management relies heavily on watershed prioritization. Examining flood risk assessment using morphometric parameters and land use/land cover (LULC) datasets analyzed using GIS, this study focuses on watershed prioritization in the Cachar district. To calculate linear, areal, and relief morphometric parameters and to demarcate sub-watersheds, a 30 m resolution ALOS DEM was used. To evaluate LULC parameters, we also used Esri LULC 2023, which is based on Sentinel-2 imagery with a resolution of 10 meters. To establish priorities, an integrated method based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used. When it comes to watershed prioritization, principal component analysis (PCA) is well-known for its adaptability and efficiency in choosing important correlated parameters. Priority was given to the sub-watershed that had the lowest compound value. Stream orders varied from 2 to 4, and the district was subdivided into 6 sub-watersheds. With a stream order of 4, sub-watershed 5 (SW_5) had the highest order, and sub-watershed 4 (SW_4) had the lowest.