bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthetic Methods for the formation of Heterocyclic Compounds from Oxime Ether Derivatives
Authors: Kumari Himani , Kumar Himanshi , Sharma Kamlesh
Published: May 2023

Heterocyclic ring compounds are not only ubiquitous in prime diversity of vital natural products and synthetic pharmaceuticals and thus highly important in organic synthesis. They have an extensive range of applications.  They are mainly used as veterinary products and as agrochemicals. They are also utilized as corrosion inhibitors, sanitizers, antioxidants, dye stuff and as copolymers. They are accustomed as an important source in the synthesis of bioactive organic compounds. Some natural products like antibiotics such as tetracyclines, cephalosporin, penicillin, aminoglycosides, alkaloids such as morphine, vinblastine, atropine, reserpine, tryptamine, reserpine etc. have heterocyclic constituent. Hence, synthesis of heterocyclic compounds from new procedures have been always demanding. Due to wide range of applications of heterocyclic compounds, this study is a survey of literature of last one decade, describing the methods for the heterocyclic ring formation from the oxime ether.
Agricultural Waste Management by Hydrothermal Carbonization
Authors: Raja Waseem , Ali Ubhat , Gupta Akhil , Kumar Pratik
Published: May 2023

There has been a huge emphasis on converting waste into energy in developing countries like India since a couple of decades now. Agriculture is a huge industry in India and produces huge amount of agricultural waste which goes around 350 million tons every year.  Out of this huge weight of waste more than 40 million tons is sugarcane bagasse. Only a small percentage of this waste is collected and out of that, less than 20% gets advanced treatments like incineration, pyrolysis etc. and the rest of it ends up in landfills. In this study Hydrothermal Carbonization of bagasse is carried out in order to raise its carbon content and achieve a higher calorific value. The waste after undergoing the HTC is called hydrochar and mostly resembles the properties of lignite coal. A number of tests are performed on the feedstock at 200 ° C and 220 ° C for three reaction periods viz. 2, 4 and 6 hours. The yield of the char is found to decreases with increase in temperature and retention time whereas the Carbon percentage shows a positive trend and goes as high as 69.1 % at 220° C with Calorific value as 24.44 MJ/kg at 6 hours reaction period.
A systematic review on Drug Re-profiling/Re-Purposing
Authors: Sharma Bharti , Yadav Dinesh Kumar
Published: May 2023

Hardcore capability of drug repurposing has allowed rising population of diversified diseased patients to approach various medications with known safety profiles. In an ongoing scenario considering current pharmaceutical market, we have numerous drugs that are approved and repurposed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Developing and bringing a novel drug molecule from the laboratory to a market requires a lot of investment in terms of money, efforts, and time. On the other hand, repurposing a drug holds the capability of bringing out best cures with harmless, ease availability and inexpensive quality. Sildenafil, Chloroquine, Metformin are some examples of repurposed drug used in multiple disease models. Despite numerous challenges, drug repurposing stood to be a core component to any comprehensive drug re-discovering strategies which has been planned to bring benefit to the patients suffering from a wide variety of dreadful ailments. In this review, we have discussed the various repurposed drugs in numerous types of cancer, deadly novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and some orphan diseases. This paper holds various examples of drugs which are still under clinical trial and have high chances of being approved as repurposed drugs benefitting humankind.
Privately Operated Medical Imaging Facilities Across Canada
Authors: CADTH
Published: May 2023

There are at least 85 privately operated facilities in Canada that accept private payment for advanced medical imaging exams (i.e., CT, MRI, single-photon emission computed tomography [SPECT], SPECT and CT [SPECT-CT], and/or positron emission tomography [PET] and CT [PET-CT]).

Quebec has the highest number of private facilities that offer advanced medical imaging exams among provinces, followed by Alberta, British Columbia, and Ontario.

Most private imaging facilities operate in or near census metropolitan areas.

More than half of private imaging facilities operate as part of chain ownerships, and further growth in chain ownership is under way.

Although less than 10% of all CT and MRI exams are delivered in the private setting, they are the most commonly performed type of privately delivered advanced medical imaging exams.
To boldly go where no evaluation has gone before: The CEDIL Evaluation Agenda
Authors: Masset Edoardo , White Howard
Published: May 2023

This paper introduces the rationale behind the establishment of the Centre of Excellence in Development, Impact and Learning (CEDIL) and the challenges it will address. CEDIL was established with funding from the UK Government through the Department for International Development (DFID), with the aim of developing and supporting new methods and approaches in the evaluation of international development interventions in neglected geographic, and thematic areas. CEDIL has concluded its inception phase, which explored new evaluation methods and approaches with a series of papers, workshops, and consultations. This paper sets out CEDIL’s research agenda for the next three years. CEDIL will promote studies in three key areas: 1) unpacking complex interventions with mixed methods approaches, and exploration of mechanisms, 2) generalising evidence through the formulation of mid-level theories of neglected interventions, and 3) promoting evidence use through stakeholder engagement and demonstrating what works within such communication.
PLANNING AS THE BASIS OF HEALTH MANAGEMENT
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, N. N. Pilipcevich , A. N. Pilipcevich ,   Belarusian State Medical University
Published: May 2023

Health planning is an integral part of the state plan for economic and social development. The principles of planning were developed at the dawn of the construction of a new state and have been developing throughout its subsequent history. Planning tasks are comparable to the most important branches of economic activity. Their implementation in all its diversity is in the line of life support. The polit-ical acceptability of the criteria for organizing the health care system is important. Public medicine is class medicine. A public doctor cannot be apolitical. Without broad involvement of the public, it is impossible to make the work of health care alive, capturing the interests of the population.
A CASE OF NEWLY DIAGNOSED GRANULOMATOSIS WITH POLYANGIITIS IN AN ADOLESCENT WITH ENT-PATHOLOGY
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, V. Radzionаva , S. Medvedskaya-Martynova ,   3rd City Children's Clinical Hospital, S. Radzko ,   Belarusian State Medical University, N. Neborskaya ,   3rd City Children's Clinical Hospital
Published: May 2023

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is generally a rare disease although preva-lence data are varying. In children this disease occurs at a rate of 1 per 2 million. There are no definite statistics about this pathology in Belarus. The clinical pic-ture of granulomatosis with polyangiitis is characterized by a triad: involvement of ENT-organs, lungs and kidneys. Affection of the upper respiratory tract in adults occurs in 87–94 % of cases. According to various data, in children upper respiratory tract involvement at the beginning of the disease occurs in 35–90 %. Diagnosis of granulomatosis with polyangiitis is difficult. Only 50 % of patients are diagnosed within the first 3–6 months of onset, and 7 % are not diagnosed even within 5–16 years of the first clinical symptoms because there is no "gold standard" for diagnosis. The article presents its own clinical observation of a rare case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis in an adolescent who complained of prolonged nasal congestion, nasal bleeding, unpleasant (purulent) smell from the nose when breathing, prolonged subfebrile fever in the evening, headaches, in-creased blood pressure, night sweats, increased lymph nodes, weight loss. As a result of the search for the rigid course of ENT-pathology and concomitant syn-dromes this patient was diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis.
FIRST AID IN SEVERE EXTERNAL BLEEDING: UPDATED RECOMMENDATIONS AND APPROACHES TO TRAINING
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, A. Lemeschewskij , S. Lemeschewskaya ,   Belarusian State Medical University, M. Bautsiuk ,   Belarusian State Medical University, S. Klimuk ,   Belarusian State Medical University, V. Hiniuk ,   Belarusian State Medical University, I. Lemeschewskij ,   Belarusian State Medical University, H. Charnenka ,   3rd City Clinical Hospital named after E.V. Klumova, E. Hiniuk ,   Medical Center ELAR
Published: May 2023

The article presents a short literature review of on first aid for severe external bleeding, and analyzes possible approaches to training. The review takes into ac-count the recommendations of the European Resuscitation Council 2021 and the recommendations of the Red Cross and Red Crescent Society 2020 on first aid, resuscitation and education, American Heart Association and American Red Cross Focused Update for First Aid 2020, as well as other recent scientific pa-pers on this topic. New changes in international recommendations in comparison with the previous ones are highlighted, their assessment is given. Special atten-tion is given on the stages of training and the conditions required for it. International recommendations and own experience in external bleeding first aid teaching for non-healthcare professionals and healthcare professional are compared. The key components of the first aid algorithm have been identified. Practical recommendations for assessing the situation and completing the first-aid kit, for training in pressure on the wound, the use of a commercial or improvised tourniquet, pressure and hemostatic bandage are given.
تأثير وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في سلوك الزبون - بحث استطلاعي للشركات السياحية في بغداد
Authors: هبة عمار الكبيسي  , نور خليل إبراهيم
Published: May 2023

يهدف البحث الحالي الى تشخيص نوع ومستوى تأثير وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي والتي تمثلت ابعادها بـ (المواقف تجاه التسويق عبر وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي، معرفة واستخدام وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي، التأثر بالأنترنت ووسائل التواصل الاجتماعي، متابعة وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي) في سلوك الزبون بأبعاده (جذب الانتباه، اثارة الاهتمام، خلق الرغبة، استجابة الزبون)، وقد سعى البحث للإجابة عن التساؤلات المتعلقة بمشكلة البحث من خلال اختبار الفرضيات الرئيسة لاستكشاف علاقات الارتباط والتأثير بين المتغيرين، ولتحقيق اختبارات فرضيات البحث استخدمت الدراسة الميدانية، إذ بلغت عينة البحث (135) فرداً من المدير ومعاون المدير وموظفي التسويق في الشركات السياحية في بغداد، وقد تم استخدام الاستبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات والمعلومات وتم اعدادها من قبل الباحث بعد أن خضعت لاختبارات الصدق والثبات والتحكيم، فضلاً عن استخدام الملاحظة والتواجد الميداني للباحث، وتم تحليل البيانات باستخدام البرنامج الاحصائـي (SPSS v.25، AMOS v.23) وكما تم استخدام عدد من الوسائل الاحصائية لمعالجة البيانات المتمثلة بالوسط الحسابي، والانحراف المعياري، ومعامل الاختلاف، ومعامل الارتباط (Person)، ومعادلة الانحدار الخطي المتعدد، وأظهر البحث نتائج معنوية تمثلت بعلاقة ايجابية طردية قوية ما بين المتغيرين للبحث، وأفضت نتائج الجانب العملي من البحث الـى عـدد من الاستنتاجات كـان من أبرزهـا ان افراد عينة البحث اتفقوا في إجاباتهم بمستوى تقييم جـيـد حول متغيرات البحث، وكان ختام البحث مجموعة من التوصيات أبرزها ضرورة اهتمام الشركات المبحوثة بتسويق الخدمات عبر وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي ويجب أن تتعرف على حاجات ورغبات الزبائن عن طريق دراسة ومعلومات دقيقة لما يرغبه الزبون، وضرورة قيام الشركات بالتواصل المستمر مع الزبائن للمحافظة على تحقيق موقع متفوق على المنافسين.
أثر العرف في أحكام الخطبة والزواج في الإسلام
Authors: إبراهيم بن مصطفى قبيسي
Published: May 2023

يتناول هذا البحث الكلام على أثر ما استقر عليه ما تعارف عليه الناس في حياتهم اليومية في أحكام الخطبة والزواج في الإسلام، وقد تناولته في ثلاثة مباحث رئيسة؛ الأول منها تكلمت فيه عن مفهوم العرف لغة واصطلاحا، وذكرت حجية الاستدلال به، والشروط التي يجب توافرها في العرف كي يصلح دليلا يستدل به على الأحكام، وفي المبحث الثاني تكلمت على أثر العرف في أحكام الخطبة والتي منها القول في الخاطب الذي قدم الهدايا والمهر والهبة لمخطوبته وفسخ خطبته هل يستردها أم يدعها؟ وفي المبحث الثالث تكلمت على أثر العرف في أحكام الزواج والتي منها ما تعارف الناس عليه من التزويج بغير صيغتي نكحت وزوجت الدالة صراحة على النكاح، كما ذكرت مسائل تتعلق بالمهر على ما تعارف به الناس فيما بينهم.ثم ختم البحث بخاتمة بينت من خلالها أهم النتائج وبعض التوصيات، ومن أهم تلك النتائج أن العرف دليل معتبر عند العلماء بشروطه، وأن له أثرا بيِّنًا في مسائل الخطبة والزواج تبعا لاختلاف البيئة والبلد، كما أن الشريعة الإسلامية صالحة لكل زمان ومكان.
أثر إستراتيجية (KUD) في اكتساب المفاهيم الإسلامية لدى طلاب الأول متوسط في مادة القرآن الكريم والتربية الإسلامية
Authors: سعد محمد خضير
Published: May 2023

هدف البحث الحالي إلى التعرف على أثر إستراتيجية (KUD) في اكتساب المفاهيم الإسلامية لدى طلاب الأول المتوسط في مادة القرآن الكريم والتربية الإسلامية ولتحقيق هدف البحث صاغ الباحث فرضية صفرية، أخضعت للتجريب واقتصر البحث الحالي على طلاب الصف الأول المتوسط في مدينة الموصل من محافظة نينوى، للعام الدراسي (2019-2020).استخدم الباحث التصميم التجريبي ذا المجموعتين المتكافئتين ذات الاختبار البعدي، الذي يضم مجموعة تجريبية درست على وفق إستراتيجية (KUD)، ومجموعة ضابطة درست على وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية، تكونت عينة البحث من (64) طالب اختارهم الباحث قصدياً من مجتمع الدراسة موزعين على مجموعتين بواقع (32) طالب في المجموعة التجريبية و(32) طالب في المجموعة الضابطة، وقد كافأ الباحث بين هاتين المجموعتين في عدد من المتغيرات منها: العمر الزمني محسوبا بالأشهر، واختبار الذكاء، والتحصيل الدراسي للوالدين، ودرجة مادة القرآن الكريم والتربية الإسلامية، والمعدل العام للصف السادس الابتدائي، وقد تَطلب تحقيق هدف البحث وجود اختبارا لاكتساب المفاهيم الإسلامية في مادة القرآن الكريم والتربية الإسلامية للصف الأول المتوسط أعده الباحث بنفسه لعدم توافر اختباراً جاهز في مادة القرآن الكريم والتربية الإسلامية للصف الأول المتوسط وتم التحقق من صدق الاختبار وثباته وبلغت قيمة ثباته (0.81)، كما اعد الباحث خططاً تدريسية لمجموعتي البحث (التجريبية والضابطة)، وبعد اكتمال أدوات البحث طبق الباحث التجربة واستغرقت فصلاً دراسياً كاملاً وعند معالجة البيانات إحصائياً ظهرت النتائج الآتية:يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) بين متوسط درجات الطلاب في المجموعة التجريبية الذين يدرسون باستخدام إستراتيجية (KUD)، والطلاب في المجموعة الضابطة الذين يدرسون بالطريقة الاعتيادية في التحصيل ولمصلحة المجموعة التجريبية.وفي ضوء نتائج البحث قدم الباحث التوصيات والمقترحات الآتية: ضرورة استخدام استراتيجيات التدريس الحديثة ومنها إستراتيجية (KUD) في تدريس مادة القرآن الكريم والتربية الإسلامية في المراحل الدراسية كافة، وإجراء بحث لمعرفة أثر إستراتيجية الطاولة المستديرة في اكتساب المفاهيم الإسلامية لدى طلاب الرابع الأدبي.
David Auburn's Proof - A Thematic Study
Authors: Safa Fadhil Abbas  , Ansam Riyadh Abdullah
Published: May 2023

This paper is intended to be a study for the play, Proof, which is written by the British playwright, David Auburn. The paper puts two important questions. Does the title of the play reflect the theme of the play successfully? Does there any other theme rather than Proof? It aims at answering the being asked questions by following the character-analysis approach as a method of discussion. The paper gives a theoretical background which includes the questions, the aim, the significance, the methodology of the paper, as well as the literature review. An introduction to the life and the work of David Auburn and the play occurs. The analysis of the play is done to mention the themes of the play. The conclusion ends the paper.
Generalized Conversational Implicature in the Indefinite Noun "Nafs نفس": Some Selected Quranic Texts with Reference to Translation
Authors: Maysoon Kadhim Ali  , Haibat Hatim Jassim
Published: May 2023

This study investigates the generalized conversational implicature in the indefinite noun Nafs (نفس) as mentioned in the Glourious Quran together with its counterpart identified in the three selected translations of the Glorious Quran (Shakir,2005; Ali,1989; and Al-Hilali & Khan2020). Throughout the careful studying of this word as it is found in the Quranic verses along with its translated versions, it has been found the word Nafs (نفس) caries different meanings in different contexts. Upon examining the translated versions, the analysis shows variations to some extent; however, these translations also show a close resemblance to the meaning of the source text. When rendering the source text to the target text, translators sometimes alter the type of implicature identified in the original text. It is important to mention that in some cases the meaning stated clearly and consequently no implicature is identified in order to stay as close as possible to the meaning in the source text.
Kate Chopin's Portrait of a Wife as a Free Woman in The Story of an Hour
Authors: Muneba Khalaf Mohameed
Published: May 2023

Kate Chopin a famous female writer who wrote about the domestic oppression of woman. She stood up for woman rights through her controversial works. Her works were greatly criticized in her time period. In 1800's the cultural norm was for woman feel tremendously grievous, and distraught over the death of her husband. Because woman’s worth based on who she was married to. The Story of an Hour, Chopin shows us a social situation of times with the woman as prisoner of her husband and the independence was a forbidden pleasure for her. She mentioned that Mrs. Mallards was trapped in her marriage she is coerced by her society to marry despite what she wants to do in her heart and soul. This story of a woman who finds out of her husband has died in an accident, she reacts in sadness at first but then realizes in a rush of emotion and relief that she is free body and soul. Chopin uses special forms of imagery which reveal the psychological strains of someone who is underrated by s social expectations. She shows the gradual transformation from a grieving, repressed wife to a free woman with new mood.
ՀՀ արտաքին առևտրի առկա վիճակը․ արտահանման և ներմուծման ինտենսիվություն
Authors: Mikayelyan Tigran
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of Armenian foreign trade on the main trends of exports, imports, trade turnover, exported and imported partner countries, and major commodity groups. In addition, the article calculated the Armenian export and import intensity index with several partner countries.
The task of the work is to identify the main trends in Armenian foreign trade and assess
the opportunities and potential for trade development. In this context, through a
comparative analysis of comparable historical series, the author presented the trade
processes recorded in Armenia during the years under review, identifying the main trends and directions.
The research results show that the Armenian foreign trade processes have limited
diversification both by the exported and imported group of partner countries and by
commodity groups. On the other hand, due to the foreign trade intensity index, a number of unrealized opportunities have been identified among the EAEU member states (with the exception of Russia) and with China and European countries. In this context, the unrealized trade opportunities and their realization will directly affect both the Republic of Armenia's foreign trade and the economy's development as a whole.
Thus, a comprehensive analysis of the Armenian foreign trade and an assessment
of the intensity of exports and imports give reason to believe that we continue to fix
diversification problems in individual commodity groups and foreign trade countries. In
addition, the intensity of Armenia's foreign trade, due to various objective reasons,
continues to be concentrated around several countries. All above-mentioned create
problems in developing local production and increasing international competitiveness.
Հակոբ Մարթայան (Դիլաչար) լեզվաբանը
Authors: Mkryan Ashot
Published: May 2023

The article is dedicated to the life and activities of famous Armenian linguist, translator, historian, literary critic, pedagogue and reformer Agop Martayan.
The particular focus of the article is on the cultural, scientific and educational reforms that took place in the republican Turkey, among which the transition from Arabic script to the Latin one was a prominent event where the famous linguist played a big role.
Martayan had advised Mustafa Kemal on state building, especially on the matters of language building. This fact further emphasizes the importance of reflecting upon Agop Martayan's activities.
The purpose of this article is to present and examine Martayan's personality, some
episodes of his life and the reforms he made.
The main aim pursued by the article is to illustrate Martayan's activities in the light
of their benefit for Armenians. The study has applied a number of historical, biographical, inquiry and analytical methods.
The analysis and comparison of the existing literature on the subject allow to conclude that the Armenian linguist has not only greatly contributed to the scientific and cultural establishments of the Turkish Republic, but also to the preservation of a developed national language of Turkey's local Armenian community by striving so that they did not lose their linguistic identity.
Hiroyoshi Segawa, The Forgotten Armenian Genocide: A Case Study On The Prevention And Punishment Of Genocide Crime, Sankeisha, 2004, 138 Pages
Authors: Vardanyan Anna , Harutyunyan Avetik
Published: May 2023

Professor Hiroyoshi Segawa, a lawyer with expertise in international law, dedicated a
considerable amount of time to focusing on the subject of "Genocide prerequisites" after completing his doctoral degree.
About forty years ago, in the 1980s, while researching materials on genocides in the
archives of the United Nations (UN), the author found a material entitled "The Armenian Genocide of 1915".
When Professor Hiroyoshi Segawa started his professional studies, he had no prior
knowledge of Armenia or its history. At the time, there were few publications in Japan on
Armenia, and little to no information on the Armenian Genocide. However, around the
same time, Segawa, who was teaching at the University of Kansas, led a group of students to Hawaii.
Photo aesthetics as a factor in trust and interest assessments
Authors: Golbeck Jennifer
Published: May 2023

This research investigates the effect of photographic style on trust and interest in social media accounts. In a survey of 3,255 subjects, we asked them to assess their trust in a social media account’s post regarding dog food based only on a set of photos of dogs displayed in that account. Subjects reported significantly higher trust in and more interest in following accounts that posted well-composed, well-lit, more professional photos as compared with account with more casual photos. This suggests interesting future work on how aesthetic photo quality affects follower count and perceived trustworthiness and credibility on social media.
Sharing expert group decisions: Examining television meteorologists' tweets of a severe weather forecasting team’s warnings
Authors: McLoughlin Miranda , Howe William
Published: May 2023

As climate continues to change, severe weather events continue to increase in both severity and frequency. The U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) established storm prediction centers around the country to monitor and produce predictions, warnings, and watches about weather events. However, the NWS relies mostly on local television stations to communicate this information to the public. Although many storm prediction centers have Twitter accounts, residents often turn to local news stations for information on these weather events. In this study we analyzed one year of tweets from a small prediction team as well as tweets from the lead meteorologist twitter accounts from ABC, CBS, FOX, and NBC stations. We focused on tweets sent on days that severe weather occurred (N = 17,259). Agenda setting theory served as a lens to examine these results and advance our understanding of weather communication in the digital age. We found that tweets from television meteorologists differed significantly from those of the NWS for clout, analytical thinking, and positive emotional valence. Tweets were also significantly different for authenticity and negative emotional valence, but only when individual stations were compared to the NWS. This paper contributes to small group literature the idea that expert teams, who rely on the media to report their decisions, may have their decisions reported in differing manners based on the motivations of the media.
Politics and disinformation: Analyzing the use of Telegram's information disorder network in Brazil for political mobilization
Authors: Cavalini Athus , Malini Fabio , Gouveia Fabio , Comarela Giovanni
Published: May 2023

Over the past few years, with the increasing popularization of network communication in place of traditional mass communication, supported by social platforms and messengers, political campaigns have come to rely on new tools and methods, including the use of these structures to promote an environment of information disorder for the purpose of mobilization. This work followed the use of Telegram as a tool for political mobilization in Brazil, collecting data from a dense network of information disorder used to mobilize voters in support of then-president Jair Bolsonaro on 7 September 2021 and 2022, Independence Day in Brazil. The results showed that engagement was reduced, mainly due to the lack of support from certain groups such as anti-vaccination advocates and the truck drivers’ class. There was also a decrease in extremism on discussion themes and lower user activity levels.
Social Exclusion of Transgender (Hijra): A Case Study in Lahore (Pakistan)
Authors: Majid Saira , Rasool Amjad , Rasool Atif , Zafar Ayesha
Published: May 2023

The current study focuses on the extent of social exclusion of transgender. Due to biological, psychological and social differences, transgender (Hijra) form their different gender identity and take on different gender roles. Society treats them with conventional and stereotypical beliefs. They are deprived and adversely ignored in all kinds of social needs. In order to analyses the nature of social exclusion the importance is given to some vital factors including social support, economic opportunities, social and political rights, religious affairs and access to health care system. The research design for the case study is based upon mixed methods and is applied to investigate the research objectives. The study is conducted in district Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 40 respondents were selected by purposive non-probability sampling technique. Interview schedule and interview guide was used as data collection tool. Descriptive and thematic analysis is done to analyze data covering core issues faced by transgender. It has been found that transgender is socially excluded group. They are invariably neglected, discriminated, hated and encounter physical, psychological and sexual abuse. They are hampered in social participation and left behind in economic, political and educational opportunities. They do not have any kind of social support and they are rejected by their families and other social groups.
Prensa en Democracia cuando el Cuestionado es el Periodista
Authors: Zabaleta Mercado Rocío
Published: May 2023

Nunca como hoy, las sociedades democráticas han necesitado un periodismo diferente y periodistas más involucrados con la dinámica social; periodistas críticos que se permitan establecer una agenda informativa alternativa y que no se presten para el juego desinformador del poder público, el mismo que intenta confundir a las audiencias cambiando de eje informativo a gusto y sabor, para desviar la atención pública de los temas de interés nacional. Por lo tanto, el trabajo presentado desarrolla un análisis sobre el estado del periodismo en Bolivia en el marco de las transformaciones que vienen dándose en el medio: transformación de las audiencias, inserción de nuevas tecnologías, los delitos periodísticos en democracia y la necesidad de cambiar el periodismo desde la formación universitaria para realizar un aporte a la sociedad boliviana del siglo XXI.
Diseño de un Plan Promocional para el Producto Fibra Óptica de Comteco al Mercado de la Construcción en la Ciudad de Cochabamba
Authors: Rodríguez Reyes Ariela Angélica
Published: May 2023

La Cooperativa de telecomunicaciones Cochabamba Ltda. "COMTECO" es la empresa líder en la provisión de los servicios de telefonía fija, Internet y televisión pagada en la ciudad de Cochabamba. El año 2012, lanza al mercado de empresas constructoras una nueva tecnología para Bolivia denominada FTTH (Fibra Óptica hasta el hogar) como un medio para la provisión de los servicios mencionados anteriormente, contando con mayor capacidad en cuanto a la velocidad de Internet, especialmente. Ante la ausencia de un plan comunicacional para el producto­mercado, acciones comunicacionales poco específicas y la incertidumbre con respecto a las actitudes del mercado, se optó por llevar a cabo una investigación cuantitativa que determinó la percepción y el grado de aceptación a la idea del producto que el mercado de la construcción ha alcanzado en la etapa de introducción. En base a esta información y a un diagnóstico del mercado y del producto, se propuso el diseño de un plan promocional eficiente y adecuado al mercado de la construcción de edificios y condominios de Cercado que contribuya al proceso de comunicación y comercialización del producto "Fibra Óptica" de COMTECO en su etapa de introducción.
Revista para Jóvenes: Información sobre Monitoreo al Financiamiento de la Política en Bolivia para la ONG 'Transparencia Bolivia'
Authors: De Losantos Alemán Eunice Cesia
Published: May 2023

"Monitoreo al financiamiento a la política" es la temática que desarrolla la ONG 'Transparencia Bolivia' en la ciudad de La Paz, en una antesala a las elecciones presidenciales. La información sobre dicho tema no es conocida por la población en general, específicamente por los jóvenes, un segmento representativo. La investigación cualitativa mixta realizada a través de un grupo focal, entrevistas, análisis comparativo y revisión documental; permitió desarrollar el siguiente proyecto de grado: el diseño de una revista informativa sobre "Monitoreo al Financiamiento de la Política", una propuesta para la ONG. La investigación permite identificar la necesidad de información en los jóvenes sobre un tema importante que puede ser construido en un medio informativo, para despertar el interés del público joven con la política nacional.
Campaña Publicitaria de Atl's para Promocionar la Imagen Institucional de la Procuraduría General del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia en la Ciudad de El Alto
Authors: Arce Peñaloza Luz Stefanía
Published: May 2023

Se planteó una Campaña de Publicidad Institucional basada en los conceptos de Institución Pública, Imagen Institucional, Medios Masivos de Comunicación, entre otros. Dicha campaña, en base a los resultados de la investigación realizada que buscó cumplir con los objetivos de: conocer la percepción del público en relación a la PGE; indagar sobre la estrategia comunicacional y evaluar los materiales comunicacionales de la misma. Se ha desarrollado una metodología con enfoque mixto y un tipo de estudio descriptivo­ transeccional utilizando métodos deductivos e inductivos y aplicando las técnicas: Encuesta, Entrevista e Investigación Documental, respectivamente. De tal modo que los resultados obtenidos reflejaron la falta de conocimiento de la sociedad Alteña sobre la PGE y la carencia de un Plan de Comunicación estructurado para el correcto relacionamiento de la Institución con su público externo. Una vez obtenidos dichos resultados, se planeó una Campaña Publicitaria de ATL'S para promocionar la Imagen Institucional de la Procuraduría General del Estado en la ciudad de El Alto mediante la creación de una Separata de Presentación de la PGE para el periódico, la implementación de la Página de Facebook para el Internet y la elaboración de un Video Institucional ­ Spot.
Propuesta para Diagnosticar y Fortalecer el Clima Organizacional a través de Técnicas del Psicodrama en el Área de Recursos Humanos de la Caja Nacional de Salud
Authors: Villalba Pacheco Valería
Published: May 2023

Se propone el Diagnóstico y Fortalecimiento del Clima Organizacional en el Área de R.R.H.H. de la Caja Nacional de Salud, a través de técnicas de Psicodrama a partir del Estudio del Clima Organizacional (ECO) elaborado por la Price Water House Coopers­Adaptación, midiendo 8 dimensiones: Cultura, Valores e Identidad; Liderazgo; Recompensa y Reconocimiento; Motivación y Satisfacción; Comunicación; Estructura Organizacional; Trabajo en Equipo y Ambiente Físico. Según el diagnóstico realizado, se observaron tres dimensiones fuertes y tres débiles, esto con el fin de llegar a una propuesta para fortalecer las dimensiones del Clima Organizacional empleando técnicas de psicodrama.
El Turismo y la Equidad de Género
Authors: Velarde Ponce de León Laura
Published: May 2023

La actividad turística posee características particulares que la diferencian de otras actividades económicas; por su naturaleza, el turismo es un sector que puede aportar a la sostenibilidad económica, social y medioambiental de una región o comunidad. De esta manera es que una planificación adecuada del turismo contribuye al desarrollo de la sociedad en varios aspectos como: la equidad de género, la protección del medio ambiente, a mitigar las migraciones del campo a la ciudad, entre otros. Cuando se analiza la situación actual de las mujeres que trabajan en el sector turístico se hacen evidentes las oportunidades para potenciar la equidad de género, tanto dentro del sector como en la sociedad misma.
Миграция однодворцев из сел в города Центрального Черноземья в XVIII веке
Authors: Кудланов Константин Борисович
Published: May 2023

На основе массы неопубликованных и нарративных источников автор определяет общее движение в городских конгломерациях Центрального Черноземья (далее – ЦЧ) служилых людей и их потомков в XVIII веке. В ходе исследования автор установил, что характер урбанизационных процессов у однодворцев изменился по причине преобразования городов из очагов расселения и средоточий защиты в торгово-промышленные центры. Отчего в первом периоде исследователь везде выявил рост служилых людей в городах ЦЧ, а во втором – убыль городских однодворцев на фоне общего урбанизационного прироста. Главная особенность урбанизационных процессов состояла в том, что после замирения края в городах требовались предприимчивые люди, а до него – отважные и воинственные. В целом рост товарно-денежных отношений обеспечил приток в город населения, но вместе с тем наизнанку перевернул сословную иерархию XVII века.
Ценности суверенитета во времена перемен и потрясений: Россия, Китай, США
Authors: Королёва Лариса Владимировна
Published: May 2023

Глобализация как фактор стирания национально-этнических различий между народами и территориальных границ между государствами в настоящее время стала переходить в свою противоположность – деглобализацию. Новая нормальность коснулась, прежде всего, государства как политической организации власти, существующей в определённых границах и самостоятельно определяющей свою внутреннюю и внешнюю политику, т. е. обладающей субъектностью и суверенитетом. И если в условиях глобального миропорядка многие государства потеряли добровольно или принудительно свою независимость и политическую субъектность, то деглобализация, как показывают происходящие события, способна повернуть этот процесс вспять. Отсюда интерес вызывают страны, которые борются за сохранение своей субъектности на мировой арене и независимости во внутренних и внешних делах: Россия, Китай, США. Эти государства, ставшие полюсами притяжения для многих стран, по-разному отстаивают свою суверенность. Оказавшись в центре борьбы за формирование будущего миропорядка, они пытаются определить своё место и свою роль в нём, потому что от этого зависит их существование как независимых субъектов политики. Их представления о собственной суверенности базируются на ценностных установках, складывающихся ментально и исторически, потому могут отличаться и противоречить друг другу. Отсюда целью статьи является сравнительный анализ политических ценностей суверенитета России, Китая, США, а главными задачами – исследование и анализ выявленных ценностных доминант. Основными методами исследования стали компаративный и аналитический. Выводы, сделанные в статье, указывают на невозможность в настоящий период сближения позиций США и Российской Федерации из-за полного несовпадения ценностных политических установок этих стран, разного понимания собственной независимости и самостоятельности, что означает продолжение конфронтации между сторонами. К сожалению, это раскачивает систему международных отношений и норм, делая мир нестабильным на долгое время. Во-вторых, позволяет лучше понять сближение России и Китая как политических партнёров и в то же время оценить разные взгляды обеих держав на определённые международные события.
Региональные практики реализации государственного национального проекта «Культура»: опыт Орловской области
Authors: Егорова Алла Юрьевна
Published: May 2023

Автор обосновывает социально-политическую значимость государственной культурной политики. Отмечает важность национального проекта «Культура» для региона по расширению доступности культурных благ, государственных услуг в сфере культуры не только для населения городов, но и отдаленных населенных пунктов. Обращается внимание на достижения и проблемные аспекты в реализации федеральных проектов «Культурная среда», «Творческие люди», «Цифровая культура» в Орловской области. Выделяется проблема государственного регулирования развития культурной среды в рамках реализации национального проекта «Культура». Формулируются рекомендации по повышению эффективности использования результатов реализации национального проекта «Культура», а также планирования основных направлений дальнейшей работы.
Business Education Teaching Resources Availability for Academic Staff Job Performance in Universities in South-West and South-South, Nigeria
Authors: G.O. Onajite , O.N. Olaniyi , D.O. Oyerinde , M.A. Aina
Published: May 2023

This study examined business education teaching resources available for academic staff job performance in universities in South-West and South-South, Nigeria. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The population for the study consisted of all the 12 universities offering business education in South-West and South-South, Nigeria. As the entire population were sampled using the purposive sampling technique. A checklist titled: "Business Education Teaching Resources Availability Checklist (BETRAC)" was used to conduct the study. The validity and reliability of the checklist were established. Data were analysed using frequencies, percentages and graphs. Hypotheses were tested using chi-square statistics at a 0.05 significance level. The findings indicated that the electronic and physical plant business education teaching resources were more available in the Federal universities than those of the State universities in South-West and South-South, Nigeria. The hypotheses indicated that there was a significant difference between Federal and State universities in the availability of electronic business education teaching resources in the South-West and South-South. It was recommended among others that the Federal and State Governments should support the universities with sufficient business education electronic, non-electronic and physical plant teaching resources for academic staff job performance.
The impact of COVID-19 lockdown restrictions on the short-term association between in-vehicle particulate pollutants and the respiratory health of Parisian taxi drivers
Authors: Hachem Melissa , Bensefa-Colas Lynda , Momas Isabelle
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the short-term associations between in-vehicle ultrafine particles (UFP) and black carbon (BC) concentrations and irritation symptoms and lung parameters of taxi drivers, pre- and post-lockdown.

METHODS: As part of PUF-TAXI project, 33 taxi drivers were followed up during two typical working days. In-vehicle UFP and BC were continuously measured by monitoring instruments. Irritation symptoms during the working day were reported via an auto-questionnaire and lung function was assessed by a portable spirometer, pre- and post- work shift. Generalized estimating equations, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to study the association between air pollutants and health outcomes. Effect modification by measurement period (pre- and post-lockdown) was investigated.

RESULTS: UFP and BC concentrations inside taxi vehicles decreased significantly post- compared to pre-lockdown. Incidence of nose irritation was positively associated with in-vehicle UFP and BC levels pre-lockdown, when pollutant levels were higher, whereas no significant association was found post-lockdown. The decrease in the FEF25–75% (forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of the forced vital capacity) during the working day was significantly associated with in-taxi UFP levels before but not after lockdown. No association was found with BC. By contrast, incidence of eye irritation was significantly inversely associated with in-vehicle humidity, regardless of pollutant concentrations and the measurement period.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that an upgrade in in-vehicle air quality could improve respiratory health. This study showed that the magnitude of the incidence of nasal irritation and decrease in lung function depends on UFP concentrations the commuters are exposed to.
Burden of idiopathic inflammatory rheumatic diseases in occupational healthcare: increased absenteeism and healthcare resource utilization
Authors: Ukkola-Vuoti Liisa , Karlsson Antti , Tuominen Samuli , Lassenius Mariann I , Aaltonen Jaakko , Ranta Martta , Kosunen Mikko , Renlund Mari , Lehtonen Anne , Puolakka Kari
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVES: Patients with idiopathic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRD) often have decreased working capacity resulting in indirect costs. However, data on patients’ short-term sick leave has been limited. This retrospective cohort study evaluated the number and length of sick leave, including short-term leave, and occupational healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) of the working-aged patients with IIRD compared to controls.

METHODS: The data on sick leave and occupational HCRU were gathered from the electronic medical records of the largest occupational healthcare provider in Finland from January 2012 to December 2019. Employed patients with an IIRD (including rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, psoriatic and enteropathic arthritis, juvenile arthritis, and reactive arthritis) with at least a 12-months follow-up were identified and compared to age-, sex-, and follow-up matched controls without IIRD.

RESULTS: Altogether 5405 patients with IIRD were identified and compared with an equal number of controls. The patients incurred approximately 2.5 times more sick leave than controls: 21.7 versus 8.5 days per patient year, respectively. Short-term sick leave was common: 83% of sickness absence periods of the patients lasted 1–9 days and represented 30% of the total absenteeism. Loss of productivity due to lost workdays was on average €4572 (95% confidence interval €4352–4804) per patient year. Occupational HCRU was approximately 1.8 times higher among IIRD patients than controls.

CONCLUSIONS: Workers with an IIRD incur considerably more sick leave and use more occupational healthcare services than controls. Short sick leave not registered in national insurance registers constitute a significant portion of days off work among patients with IIRD.
Case Report: Microchip Implantation Within the Cervical Spine, a Neurologic Evaluation, and Surgical Correction
Authors: Morrell Breanne , Gillis Charlotte E. , Wolfe Katheryn C. , Giles James T.
Published: May 2023

A 5 mo old male Japanese chin was examined 1 mo following the sudden onset of pelvic limb weakness and ataxia immediately after microchip placement. Neurological examination revealed an ambulatory paraparesis, which was worse on the right side, with additional weakness noted in the right thoracic limb. Lesion localization was C6–T2 spinal cord segments, worse on the right. Radiographic imaging of the cervical spine revealed a microchip at the location of the C7–T1 intervertebral space. Computed tomography revealed a microchip within the spinal canal causing spinal cord compression at the level of the C7–T1 intervertebral disc space. Surgical removal of the microchip was performed, and the patient recovered well. A 6 wk follow-up neurologic examination showed persistent mild ataxia in the pelvic limbs. This case supports previously reported cases of permanent spinal cord damage caused by microchip placement. Surgical removal of the microchip resulted in the improvement of neurologic signs. Although extraction of the microchip did not resolve all neurologic deficits, surgery prevented further migration and possible damage to the spinal cord.
El impacto del desarrollo turístico en la globalización de los mercados y la actividad económica
Authors: Petrina Olga , Stadolin Mikhail , Kovaleva Natalya , Morozov Vladimir , Maslennikova Elena , Zemskova Anastasia
Published: May 2023

El turismo como esfera de actividad económica se está desarrollando ampliamente en el mundo moderno. Según expertos del Instituto del Banco Mundial, el turismo ocupa hoy el segundo lugar en la economía mundial después de la ingeniería mecánica en términos de ventas y ocupa un lugar destacado entre otras industrias de servicios. El mercado turístico en la actualidad no solo es uno de los mercados más globalizados sino que el desarrollo del turismo contribuye aún más a la globalización de los mercados y de las actividades económicas. En el marco de la industria turística global se puede crear una amplia variedad de productos que se basan en su mayor parte en diversas características del territorio en el que se venden, así como en diversas combinaciones de bienes y servicios que se brindan a los clientes. Por lo tanto, se puede crear una gama muy amplia de productos turísticos incluso dentro de un territorio específico, cada uno de los cuales estará enfocado a su público objetivo de consumidores. Algunos tipos de turismo requieren infraestructura turística costosa y altamente organizada y servicios de alta calidad, mientras que otros pueden desarrollarse en condiciones de ausencia casi total de los mismos. En ambos casos, el turismo se considera un ámbito de actividad económica que puede incentivar el desarrollo de la economía de un territorio y crear las condiciones necesarias para su crecimiento.
DÜNYA VE DİL: DİLSEL GÖRELİLİK DÜŞÜNCESİNİN FELSEFİ DEĞERLENDİRMESİ
Authors: DOĞRU Salime Gülay , DOMBAYCI Mehmet Ali
Published: May 2023

Bu çalışmada dilin, düşünce üzerinde etkili olduğu iddia eden “dilsel görelilik” Humboldt, Sapir ve Whorf’un düşünceleri üzerinden, dil-düşünce ve dil-kültür ilişkisi açısından, felsefi olarak ele alınmaktadır. Humboldt dil-düşünce ilişkisini “eklemlenme” kavramıyla açıklar. Sapir dili düşüncenin kalıbı olarak kabul edip davranışlarla ilişkisini tartışır. Whorf ise dili kültürel bir fenomen olarak görürken; düşüncenin dilsel olduğunu söyler. Dil-kültür ilişkisinde Humboldt’un açıklamalarına dayanan “dünya görüşü” kavramı önemlidir. Sapir kültürel deneyimi, toplum ve kavram açısından değerlendirir. Whorf ise “kavramsal sistemler ve dilbilgisi kuralları” açısından değerlendirir. Dilsel göreliliğe son şeklini veren Whorf’tur. 1960’lı yıllardan sonra konuyla ilgili çok sayıda deneysel çalışma yapılmıştır. Ancak ortak bir sonuca ulaşamamıştır. Dilin düşünceye etkisi ne doğrulanabilmiştir ne de yanlışlanabilmiştir. Dilsel görelilikle ilgili teorik tartışmalarsa hâlâ sürmektedir. Makalede bu tartışmalardan hareketle önce Humboldt, Sapir ve Whorf’un görüşleri açıklanmış ardından görelilik, nesnellik, dilin dünya deneyimine etkisi gibi konular tartışılmıştır.