bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Dissonance in Health-Seeking Behavior of People in Indonesia to Prevent Covid-19
Authors: Subagyo Firda Ayu Kusuma Dewi , Irwansyah Irwansyah
Published: January 2021

During the Covid-19 pandemic, many people experience cognitive dissonance, including in the process of seeking health. In the Covid-19 pandemic, people have to deal with various kinds of information, thoughts, and beliefs about Covid-19. Having a relevant but inconsistent cognition can create psychological discomfort or dissonance. The feeling of discomfort has made people try to seek health. Indonesian people’s health-seeking behavior is unique because of certain beliefs, information, perceptions, cultures, and unique environments in Indonesia. So, this study aims to analyze the cognitive dissonance process that occurs in Indonesian people's health-seeking behavior in the Covid-19 pandemic. This study is a literature study. We use secondary data of literary works, scientific journals, books, articles in the mass media, and statistical data as study objects. The results of this study indicate that the cognitive dissonance theory can be applied to answer the health-seeking behavior of Indonesian people in the Covid-19 pandemic. Many people in Indonesia choose traditional medicine to prevent Covid-19 because it is believed to be a natural treatment, has empirical evidence, and is easy to do independently. Many people in Indonesia choose traditional medicine because it is influenced by hereditary beliefs, culture, and also the variety of information they hold.
Daylighting Evaluation and Optimisation of Window to Wall Ratio for Lecture Theatre in the Tropical Climate
Authors:   Department of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia, Ayoosu Moses Iorakaa , Lim Yaik-Wah ,   Department of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia, Leng Pau Chung ,   Department of Architecture, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia, Idowu Olusegun Moses ,   Department of Architecture, School of Environmental Sciences, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola Nigeria
Published: January 2021

A base case model is a more potent dose for applied research; the passive architectural design for sustainability requires optimised experiments. However, experimenting with physical developments require construction and deconstruction until they achieved the optimal scenario. These wastes resources and time; hence, base models' development as useful instruments in the optimisation design process is desirable. Lecture theatres in universities have no specific design model whereby optimising one may not apply to the other. Therefore, this research evaluated a base model for lecture theatre regarding spatial configuration, daylighting potentials, and optimised window-to-wall ratio (WWR) for tropical daylighting. A study of ten existing lecture theatres in eight universities within eight states in Nigeria's hot-humid climate was analysed descriptively for the base model. The study employed Simulations with IES-VE software. The daylighting performance analysis adopted the daylighting rule of thumb, daylight factor, work plane illuminance (WPI), and WPI ratio. The results show that a typical lecture theatre in the study area has a dimensional configuration of 12×20 m floor plan, 6 m ceiling height, and a window wall ratio (WWR) of 13%. In the deduced base model, 4H was required for adequate daylighting against the thumb's 2.5 H daylighting rule. The research concludes a low window-wall ratio with poor daylighting quality and quantities in the base model; therefore, it implies that the daylighting was not a criterion in the designs. However, the experiment revealed a progression in daylighting performance with an increase in WWR from the base case until 30% WWR. Beyond that, there was a decline in the daylighting performance. Therefore, 30% WWR was optimal for daylighting performance in lecture theatre retrofitting within the tropical climate.
$k$-Congruences and the Zariski topology in semirings
Authors: HAN Song-chol
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this paper is to study topological properties of both the set of all $k$-prime ideals and the set of all $k$-prime congruences for any commutative semiring with zero and identity. We first prove that the $k$-prime spectrum, i.e. the set of all $k$-prime ideals equipped with the Zariski topology is a spectral space, and then prove that the set of all $k$-prime congruences is homeomorphic to the $k$-prime spectrum with respect to their Zariski topologies.
Modeling under or over-dispersed binomial count data by using extended Altham distribution families
Authors: ASMA Senay
Published: January 2021

While aiming particularly at handling under-dispersion, we explore a type of models constructed conservatively using the minimum information of first two moments for the fitting of binomial count data, which could have under, equal or over-dispersion. The extended Altham distribution (EAD) families were presented in this study. The extended Altham families are very close to the binomial distribution under equal dispersion setting, implying that they are alternative models of the binomial distribution. The feature that extended Altham families can reach the full range of dispersion outperforms some commonly used models such as extended beta-binomial and quasi-binomial which have restricted ranges of dispersion. Moreover, the extended Altham family can have double peaks at two boundaries, indicating they are feasible for fitting the double tail inflation phenomenon. This study illustrated the modeling using extended Altham families for both under-dispersed and over-dispersed binomial data resulted from disease cases within the same family.
Robust regression estimation and variable selection when cellwise and casewise outliers are present
Authors: TOKA Onur , ÇETİN Meral , ARSLAN Olcay
Published: January 2021

Two main issues regarding a regression analysis are estimation and variable selection in presence of outliers. Popular robust regression estimation methods are combined with variable selection methods to simultaneously achieve robust estimation and variable selection. However, recent works showed that the robust estimation methods used in those estimation and variable selection procedures are only resistant to the casewise (rowwise) outliers in the data. Therefore, since these robust variable selection methods may not be able to cope with cellwise outliers in the data, some extra care should be taken when cellwise outliers are present along with the casewise outliers. In this study, we proposed a robust estimation and variable selection method to deal with both cellwise and casewise outliers in the data. The proposed method has three steps. In the first step, cellwise outliers were identified, deleted and marked with NA sign in each explanatory variable. In the second step, the cells with NA signs were imputed using a robust imputation method. In the last step, robust regression estimation methods were combined with the variable selection method LASSO (Least Angle Solution and Selection Operator) to estimate the regression parameters and to select remarkable explanatory variables. The simulation results and real data example revealed that the proposed estimation and variable selection procedure perform well in the presence of cellwise and casewise outliers.
National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health
Authors: Avetisyan Karine O.
Published: January 2021

Background. The clinical course of bronchial asthma (BA) in children is often mild. However, in real-world clinical practice it may not always be possible to attain complete control of BA symptoms. In the majority of cases cessation of basic therapy with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) leads to a poorer BA control in spite of satisfactory general health status in patients. As a result of incomplete BA control, children demonstrate impaired activities of daily living, decreased daily physical activity and gradual reduction or withdrawal of sports participation and other activities. Under the conditions of restricted everyday activities children with mild BA and in the absence of continuous anti-inflammatory basic therapy may feel comfortable without any complaints. This may result in faulty evaluation of asthma as well controlled, which can cause disease progression.

Case report. All the above mentioned situations are exemplified by the case report of a youngster suffering from mild bronchial asthma. Also, this article clearly demonstrates the significance of use of asthma control test (ACT) in real-world clinical practice in order to work out a strategy for asthma management. Besides, the role of taking a detailed medical history for correct assessment of mild BA symptom control is demonstrated. In a given clinical example we managed to evaluate, in a short space of time, everyday life changes of a youngster with mild BA (an increase in daily activities and improved quality of life) following administration of basic therapy with ICS.

Conclusion. This case report demonstrates the significance of correct assessment of BA control regardless of severity of disease, in our case mild asthma, and shows its role in conducting proper basic therapy and achieving improvement of child’s quality of life.
A prognostic model for thrombotic complications after pediatric cardiac surgery
Authors: Lastovka Vasily A. , Tepaev Rustem F. , Gordeeva Olga B. , Bidzhiev Anuar R.
Published: January 2021

Background. Cardiac surgery performed on pediatric patients with the use of artificial blood circulation (ABC) is accompanied by hemodilution, hypothermia and blood contact with artificial surfaces, as well as surgical trauma. All the above lead to endothelial cell injury, platelet aggregation and degranulation, activation of innate immunity, development of systemic inflammation and consumption of clotting, anti-coagulation and fibrinolytic factors, which is ultimately associated with the occurrence of thrombotic complications.

Objective. The study aimed at developing a mathematical model for the prognosis of thrombotic complications in children which had undergone the ABC, based on assessment of their clinical and laboratory parameters.

Methods. We have assessed clinical and laboratory data obtained from 153 children (newborn to 11 months 29 days of age) which had undergone cardiac surgery under conditions of ABC due to congenital heart defects (CHD). For all patients the general clinical and laboratory parameters: complete blood count, comprehensive metabolic panel, parameters of screening coagulogram, D-dimer concentration, von Willebrand factor activity, levels of antithrombin III, plasminogen, protein C and protein S, alpha-2-antiplasmin, thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) and fibrin-monomer have been assessed.

Results. In 43 patients (28.1%) post-operative thromboses have been diagnosed. Examination of children revealed the presence of thrombosis of various localization including the intracardiac thrombi, ischemic cerebrovascular events, limb ischemia, etc. Based on logistic regression analysis, a model of development of thrombotic complications has been built which included 4 parameters: activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), TAFI activity, von Willebrand factor activity and protein C activity. Model sensitivity was 95.3%, and its specificity — 96.4%.
Abstracts of Participants of the X ALL-Russian Scientific-Practical Student Conference «Mazurin Readings». Part 2
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: January 2021

.
Metabolic activity of gut microbiota in children during their first year of life which had undergone partial bowel resection
Authors: Vakhlova Irina V. , Fedotova Galina V. , Boronina Lyubov G.
Published: January 2021

Background. Studying the metabolic activity of gut microbiota has diagnostic value as it allows determination of the extent of microbiota perturbation, which is an important indicator of the post-operative gastrointestinal tract function.

Objective. The study aimed at investigating the metabolic activity of gut microbiota in children during their first year of life which had undergone partial bowel resection.

Methods. The spectrum of fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFA) was assessed using gas-liquid chromatography (GLC). Also, a comparative analysis of clinical and anamnestic data in children of the first year of life which had undergone partial bowel resection versus apparently healthy children was carried out.

Results. Dynamic follow-up of children which had undergone bowel surgery revealed a reduction in acetic acid (С2) fecal level and increased propionic acid (С3) and oleic acid (С4) levels by the end of the first year of life. An age-adjusted comparative estimate has shown that the markers of anaerobic microflora, specifically, the level of propionic acid, are also high at the age of 7–12 months. A comparative analysis of metabolic activity of gut microbiota in children which had undergone bowel resection revealed lower fecal levels of oleic acid and higher total fatty acid content as compared to healthy children.

Conclusion. Children which had undergone bowel resection, by the end of first year of life, have higher anaerobic and lower aerobic activity of gut microflora. A comparative analysis of metabolic activity of gut microflora in children which had undergone surgical treatment versus children of health groups I and II demonstrated the absence of significant differences between obligate (С2) and anaerobic (С3, anaerobic index [AI]) bacteria. However, lower fecal С4 values have been found in post-operative children during their second half-year of life, which may attest to persistent inflammation of the gut. Total fecal acid content throughout the entire follow-up period was higher in children which had undergone bowel resection, which reflects the activation of gut microbiota characterized by its species diversity.
Duygusal Emek ile İş Stresi İlişkisinin İncelenmesi: Kamu Çalışanlarına Yönelik Bir Araştırma
Authors: YILDIZ Hidayet , KOÇOĞLU SAZKAYA Merve
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışma duygusal emek ve duygusal emek boyutları (yüzeysel davranış, derinlemesine davranış ve samimi davranış) ile iş stresi ve iş stresinin boyutları (endişe ve zaman stresi) arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek amacıyla İstanbul’da bir ilçe belediyesinde çalışan 347 beyaz yakalı iş gören üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama yöntemi olan anket tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler SPSS programında nicel analiz yöntemleri kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre duygusal emek ile iş stresi arasında pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, duygusal emeğin boyutlarından olan yüzeysel davranış ile iş stresi ve iş stresi boyutları olan endişe stresi ve zaman stresi arasında anlamlı ve pozitif ilişki olduğu fakat duygusal emek boyutu olan derinlemesine davranış ve samimi davranış ile iş stresi ve iş stresi boyutları olan endişe stresi ve zaman stresi arasında anlamlı ilişkiler olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir.
Proaktif Kariyer Adanmışlığı Davranışları Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlama ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi Çalışması
Authors: MUSLU Aziz , TEMUR Abdülnaim
Published: January 2021

Denizcilik, zorlu koşulları nedeniyle çalışanların meslekten erken yaşta ayrıldığı bir meslektir. Bu duruma etki eden birçok faktör olsa da denizci adaylarının kariyer planlaması yapmaması ve mesleğe olan adanmışlığının olmaması sektör profesyonellerince neden olarak gösterilmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı, kariyer adanmışlığını ölçen bir ölçeğin uyarlanarak Türkçeye kazandırılmasıdır. Bu çalışmada Hirschi ve arkadaşları tarafından kariyer adanmışlığını ölçmek amacıyla geliştirilmiş olan proaktif kariyer ölçeği denizci adayları üzerinde kullanılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında, sosyal ağlar ve elektronik posta yoluyla Deniz Ulaştırma İşletme Yönetimi bölümünde öğrenim gören Türkiye genelindeki 281 öğrenciye ulaşılmıştır. Amos 21 programı kullanılarak yapısal eşitlik modeliyle doğrulama çalışması yapılmıştır. Yapılan analiz sonucunda çalışmada kullanılan ölçeğin model uyum indekslerine göre ölçek alan yazınında kabul edilen yapısal eşitlik modeli uyum değerlerine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Günümüzde proaktif kariyer adanmışlığı davranışlarının artan öneminden dolayı ölçek uyarlanarak Türkçe literatüre kazandırılmıştır.
Evaluation of markers of thrombosis and fibrinolysis in malaria patients in tertiary care hospital in Central India
Authors:   Consultant, Department of Pathology, Apex Hospital, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India, Chouhan Dr. Swati , Singh Dr. Siddharth Gautam ,   Senior Resident, Department of E.N.T, ESIC Hospital, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published: January 2021

Background: Cases of malaria are known to be associated with variable degrees of coagulopathy asevident from abnormalities of screening coagulation assays in a large number of patients during theillness. However, attempts to use laboratory parameters as indicators of the severity of theunderlying coagulopathy and for monitoring disease progression have met with only partial success.Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the department of Pathology in RuxmanibenDeepchand Gardi Medical College, Ujjain. Blood samples of all the patients diagnosed positive withmalaria were collected in vials containing ethylene tetra-acetic acid tri potassium salt forhematological parameters and in trisodium citrate tubes for coagulation assays. Result: Out of thetotal positive cases, PT was prolonged in 65% of total cases, Percentage positivity for prolonged PTfor falciparum and vivax is 60% and 68.5% respectively. APTT has raised 47% of malaria positivecases with percentage positivity for falciparum and vivax 48% and 45.7% respectively. 55% of totalcases showed raised levels of fibrin degradation products, which included 48% of falciparum casesand 60% of vivax cases. Out of 120 positive cases of malaria, D- Dimer was raised 41.7% cases.Conclusion: As blood is the chief component affected by malaria, not only proper examination ofperipheral smears is required for detection and species identification, but a careful evaluation ofother laboratory parameters should be done irrespective of the malarial species for the earlydiagnosis of compensatory and non-compensatory consumptive coagulopathy.
Improving the Performance of the Faculty of Tourism and Business Logistics for the Needs of the Business Community
Authors: Mitreva Elizabeta , Gjorshevski Hristujan
Published: January 2021

Representatives of the business community and institutions in the Republic of North Macedonia are facing major challenges in providing a quality workforce that will be the carrier of the business sector development process. This research is part of the research conducted by the Faculty of Tourism and Business Logistics (FTBL) of the University "Goce Delchev" in Shtip in order to improve its curricula for industrial needs and the requirements of institutions in the Republic of North Macedonia. This research was carried out so to enable the Faculty to create study programs that will meet the requirements of the business community by producing a qualified workforce for achieving sustainable business systems, fostering innovation and strengthening the links between organizations, scientific research and innovations.
Цифровое поведение и характеристики личности поколения Z в условиях глобальной цифровизации
Authors: Толстикова Ирина , Игнатьева Ольга , Кондратенко Константин , Плетнев Александр
Published: January 2021

В представленной статье авторы исследует межпоколенческие различия двух поколений молодежи, вступающих в свои права полноценных членов общества. В работе проводится тщательный анализ классиков и современников поколенческого анализа зарубежной и российской социальной науки. Статья хорошо фундирована и в ней, в теоретической базе исследования обнаружены лакуны, связанные с отсутствием значимых исследований цифрового поколения Z в России. В статье рассматриваются особенности цифрового поведения представителей поколения Z на примере студентов первых курсов университетов Санкт-Петербурга по таким параметрам, как понимание ответственности, отношение к индивидуализму и коллективизму, инструментальная рациональность и коммуникативные навыки. На основе результатов исследования, проведенного в 2019 г., и анализа фокус-группы представителей поколения Y составлен поведенческий образ поколения Z , проведены межпоколенческие аналогии, выявлены коммуникативные характеристики и поведенческие модели поколения Z . Исследование самости поколения Z проведено на основании анкетного опроса, результаты которого были обработаны посредством частотного анализа с использование статистического пакета SPSS . Необходимо отметить, что поскольку студенчество Санкт-Петербурга представлено жителями разных городов России, то гипотетически данные настоящего исследования можно экстраполировать и на другие города России, придав им общероссийский характер. Однако это тема уже следующего исследования.
Генезис этических норм в цифровой среде как фактор аномии личности представителей поколения Z
Authors: Плетнев Александр
Published: January 2021

Социализация представителей поколения Z в значительной мере происходит в цифровом пространстве. Цифровая социализация обуславливает особый способ конструирования жизненного мира и специфический характер усвоения этических ценностей среди этих молодых людей. Социализация в цифровой среде также способствует развитию аномии. Развитие аномии у представителей поколения Z приводит к девиантному поведению, которое проявляется в немотивированной агрессии, оскорблению других участников коммуникации в цифровой среде. Наряду с аномией и девиацией цифровая социализация поколения Z характеризуется и противоположными тенденциями институционализации этики цифрового взаимодействия. Практики неэтичного поведения стимулируют появление в интернете дискуссий о рамках допустимого и недопустимого поведения. Этот стихийный дискурс цифровой этики крайне интересен как с теоретической, так и с практической точки зрения. Основываясь на естественных представлениях индивидов об этических нормах, возможно сформулировать кодекс этического поведения в цифровом пространстве. Подобный кодекс не будет обладать принудительной силой, однако сам факт его существования будет оказывать влияние на поведение индивидов. Изученные особенности поколения Z могут быть крайне полезны для совершенствования образования. Понимание специфики жизненного мира этих молодых людей позволит разрабатывать более интересные для них курсы и методики преподавания. Знание механизмов генезиса этических норм в цифровой среде может быть использовано для более эффективной трансляции молодежи социально конструктивных норм поведения и этических ценностей.
Modern types of consulting in the management system of an educational organisation
Authors: Korshunov I. A. , Chakhoyan G. A. , Tyunin A. M. , Lyakhovetskaya E. L.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. In market economy, the internal and external processes of educational organisations are becoming more complex. There is a need to identify managerial practices, which can be delegated to external consultants. The process of defining such practices is not completely studied. The application of expert support from leaders and management teams is often situational.

The aim of the present research is to identify the range of managerial problems of educational organisations, which cause the need to resort to external consulting support.

Methodology and research methods. The application of the method of cluster analysis of text data of periodicals allowed the authors to investigate a potential market for consulting services, to identify the modern management needs of educational organizations and the experience of their solution by external organisations. The analysis of open data of consulting organisations was carried out to identify real practices.

Results. The main management problems of educational organisations and the types of consulting services necessary for their solution are considered and classified. The main approaches to defining the framework of educational consulting are highlighted. The authors have developed the method for monitoring the prospective market for consulting services. It was determined that the growing demand for consulting services and the expansion of the range of these services are associated with the formation of a market environment in the education system and the desire of management of educational organisations to provide a competitive advantage. The cases of Russian and foreign consulting organisations were analysed and grouped in accordance with the proposed typology.

Scientific novelty. In academic literature, the study of this issue is mainly limited to defining the boundaries of educational consulting. The authors have made an attempt to identify typical situations, in which managers of educational organisations need to request the services of external experts.

Practical significance. The results of the current research can serve as a guideline for the management of educational organisations, when making managerial decisions. It will allow the managers to determine the cases, in which it is possible to turn to external consultants according to the supply conditions on the market, and to identify the issues, regarding which it is desirable to rely solely on internal resources.
Selective Arterial Embolization of Renal Angiomyolipoma in an Elderly :Case Report
Authors: KORAŞ Ömer , YARIMOĞLU Serkan , BOZKURT İbrahim , SETAYESHİ Tirdad
Published: January 2021

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a rare benign mesenchymal neoplasm. Treatment should be considered for symptomatic patients or for those at risk for complications, in particular for retroperitoneal bleeding, which is correlated to the size of the tumor, grade of the angiogenic component, presence of pain and suspicion malignancy. Herein, we report the case of a 77-year-old female with renal AML who caused life-threatening retroperitoneal hemorrhages by selective embolization.
Two New Records Stigmaeid Mites (Acari: Stigmaidae) for the Turkish Fauna
Authors: AKYOL Mustafa
Published: January 2021

Stigmaeus shabestariensis Haddad Irani-Nejad,Lotfollahi and Akbari, 2010 and Prostigmaeus khanjanii Bagheri and Ghorbani 2010 were determined in Afyonkarahisar and Manisa provinces and were identified as new records for the Turkish fauna. Mites taken from soil and litter samples, beneath of ‎Populus alba, Vitexagnus-castus andVerbascum sp. were extracted using Berlese funnel sand mounted on slides in a modified Hoyer’s medium. Then, the specimens were measured and illustrated using a drawing tube attached microscope. In this study, similarities and differences of two new records species for the Turkish fauna were discussed and compared the other type species in Iran.
Space Computation Sciences Leveraging Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence, and Advanced Analytics to Power Innovation: A Review Report
Authors: Fadziso Takudzwa
Published: January 2021

In order to realize the goal of exploring and discovering new worlds, technological innovations are important. The space industry has been growing since the first space ship landed on the moon in the Apollo 11 mission. Huge leaps in space technology experienced since then combined with modern technologies such Artificial Intelligence, Data Analytics and Cloud technology can help space explorers to go further in space and explore territories not reached before, and potentially uncover new space phenomena. The objective of this research is to explore how space computation sciences can leverage Artificial Intelligence, Cloud technologies, and Advanced Data Analysis to power innovations.
The Effect of Elastic Resistance Bands Training on Vascular Aging Related Serum microRNA-146 Expression and Atherosclerosis Risk Factors in Elderly Women with Osteosarcopenic Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Hashemi Ayoub , Soori Rahman , Banitalebi Ebrahim , Choobineh Siroos
Published: January 2021

Objective: Vascular aging and osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) refers to age-related endothelial cells and body composition disorders. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 12 weeks resistance training with elastic bands on vascular aging-related serum miR-146 expression level and atherosclerosis risk factors in elderly women with OSO.
Materials and Methods: In the present single-blind randomized clinical trial, 48 elderly women with OSO (according to Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) method results), were divided randomly into two groups of control (n=22) and experimental (n=26). The experimental group performed resistance training with elastic bands for 12 weeks and three sessions per week for all major muscle groups. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS statistical software version 22.
Results: Between-group comparisons showed a significant decrease in serum miR-146 expression (P-value= 0.005) and total cholesterol (P-value= 0.034) in the experimental group compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in body weight (P-value= 0.440), BMI (P-value= 0.553), total fat (P-value= 0.093), BMC (P-value= 0.862), BMD (P-value= 0.564), Hs-CRP (P-value= 0.065), HDL-C (P-value= 0.515) and LDL-C (P-value= 0.889).
Conclusion: Resistance trainings decrease miR-146 expression in elderly women with OSO, which was associated with decreased LDL levels and increased HDL levels, though BMI, body fat percentage, total cholesterol and HS-CRP were not significantly different probably due to the type and intensity of the exercises that require further investigation.
A Submaximal Exercise Patterns Intervention on the Plasmatic Leptin Level and Insulin Resistance for Overweight / Obesity Boys Adolescences
Authors: Nazem Farzad , Lotfi Salman
Published: January 2021

Objective: Obesity is a medical problem that increases the risk of health problems like diabetes. Hormones secreting from fat tissue, Leptin, are correlated with body mass index. Leptin reduces the personchr('39')s appetite by acting on specific centers of their brain to reduce their urge to eat. And insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, is essential for regulating carbohydrates and the metabolism of fat. A positive relationship between leptin levels and insulin resistance in children showing in this study is to determine the effect of continues-endurance and interval-endurance on leptin serum levels and insulin resistance in over-weighted youths.
Materials and Methods: This study is a semi-experimental design. Thirty boys were voluntarily selected as a matched two experimental groups and a control. Physical profiles included aged 16-19, BMI; 37.75 (±4.46) KG/M2, base functional capacity: 32.8 (±3.6) ml/kg/min which dividing by three equal groups: the submaximal training interval, a continuum and interval and control group performed the submaximal running program for six weeks on 3 D/W. The selected parameters were evaluated for an intervention pre and post-conditions.
Results: weight and body mass index variables were decreased by about 2.5-3% after exercise intervention. Plasmatic leptin levels were reduced by about 45% in the continuum and interval control groups. HOMA-IR & QUICKI indexes altered in the EG (8.9 %, 7.8%) (P-value < 0.05).
Conclusion: Presumably, 2 exercise program patterns lower than lactate threshold could change body composition profile, basal leptin level, and blood glucose /insulin concentrations, which probably induced changes in resistance to insulin.
Metformin and Pioglitazone Reduce Gene Expression of Inflammatory Factors in Insulin Resistant and Hypertrophied Adipocytes
Authors: Malekpour-Dehkordi Zahra , Mohiti-Ardekani Javad , Naghiaee Yousof , Teimourian Shahram , Hemati Mahdie , Nourbakhsh Mitra
Published: January 2021

Objective: In obesity, chronic low grade inflammation, created by induction of pro-inflammatory markers, causes adipocyte dysfunction in adipose tissue. Adipocytes dysfunction is associated with various diseases including insulin resistance and obesity. In obesity, inflammatory factors such as osteopontin (OPN), angiopoietin-like protein 2 (Angptl2) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) are induced in adipose tissue. Metformin and pioglitazone that are used to modulate inflammation, but the relevant mechanism is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin and pioglitazone as anti-diabetic drugs, on gene expression of osteopontin, Angptl2 and TGF-β as inflammatory factors in insulin resistance and hypertrophied adipocyte in 3T3-L1 cell line model in vitro.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental research, we differentiated3T3-L1 preadipocytes to adipocytes. The adipocytes treated in insulin resistance and hypertrophied conditions with metformin and pioglitazone and assayed gene expression of OPN, Angptl2 and TGF-β by Real-Time PCR. Data was analyzed by SPSS statistic software.
Results: The results showed that expression of OPN, Angptl2, and TGF-β were increased significantly over 2-fold (P-value< 0.05) in insulin resistance and hypertrophied adipocytes compared to normal adipocytes. Pre- and co-treatment with metformin and pioglitazone led to reduced expression of Angptl2 and TGF-β. Only metformin significantly reduced the expression of Angptl2, TGF-β and OPN in hypertrophied adipocyte.
Conclusion: These results support the proposal that metformin and pioglitazone reduce gene expression of inflammatory factors in insulin resistant and hypertrophied adipocytes.
The Equity in Access to Coronavirus Vaccination; An Ethical, Scientific and Economic Rationale
Authors: Shamabadi Ahmad , Akhondzadeh Shahin
Published: January 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
The Effect of First- and Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapies on Lipid Profile of HIV/AIDS Patients
Authors: Rasoolinejad Mehrnaz , Asadollahi–Amin Ali , Dadras Omid , Pourdast Alieh , Ghavam Syyedmohamad , SeyedAlinaghi SeyedAhmad , Jafari Masoud , Hasannejad Malihe , Moradmand-Badie Banafsheh
Published: January 2021

Background: There has been a significant decrease in HIV-related mortality following the introduction of antiretroviral therapies. This increase in life expectancy has caused an increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Lipid metabolism could be affected by the virus itself or antiretroviral medications. In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the effect of first- and second-line HIV medications on lipid profile in HIV/AIDS patients.
Methods: The present study is a retrospective cohort study. The medical records of 66 AIDS patients older than 18 years, who referred to the Behavioral Counseling Center of Imam Khomeini Hospital during the years 2009 to 2014, were retrieved. The patients were assigned into two groups including first- (36 patients) and second-line (30 patients) treatment groups. To ensure that the patients’ baseline information was matched, demographic information and baseline lipid profile were compared between two groups and no significant difference was found between them. To examine and compare the effect of HIV medications on lipid metabolism, patients’ lipid profile at the baseline and 6 months after treatment was compared.
Results: The results showed that only triglyceride level was significantly affected by the type of HIV medication regimen (p<0.05). It was significantly higher in second-line medication group. Although the lipid profile (Cholesterol, HDL, and LDL levels) showed an overall increase over the course of treatment in both groups, it was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: In both groups, following antiretroviral medications (the first-and second-line), lipid profiles increased. Moreover, the triglyceride level was higher in second-line medications. Therefore, early screening and lipid lowering agents should be considered in HIV/AIDS patients receiving the retroviral medications in long term to prevent further cardiovascular complications.
Evaluation of the Safety of Ovarian Preservation at Early Stage of Endometrial Cancer in Premenopausal Women
Authors: Shirali Elham , Modarres Gilani Mitra , Yarandi Fariba , Hemmatian Omid , Ahmadzadeh Azar , Kazemi Zohre , Ghaemi Marjan
Published: January 2021

Background: Endometrial cancer usually occurs at postmenopause stage of life but its incidence in younger patients is increasing in the last decades. The objective of the study was to evaluate the ovarian preservation in the early stage of endometrial cancer.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 174 patients with endometrial cancer who underwent Total Abdominal Hysterectomy (TAH) and Bilateral Salpingo-oophorectomy in 5 years were included.
Results: The results showed that 51.1% of the patients were at stage IA, 28.7% at stage IB, 6.9% at stage II, 11.5% at stage III and 1.7% at stage IV of endometrial cancer when they underwent surgery. One patient (1.12%) at stage IA of endometrial cancer, one patient (2%) at stage IB and one patient (8.3%) at stage II had micrometastasis in ovaries, and 8 patients (40%) at stage III and 2 patients (66.6%) at stage IV had micrometastasis and co-existing tumor.
Conclusion: In conclusion, findings revealed the high safety of ovarian preservation in endometrial cancer at earlier stages of the endometrial cancer with low risk of ovarian involvement.
Bevanda asiatica: Scholarly Exchange between the Ottomans and Europeans on Coffee
Authors: Yıldırım Duygu
Published: January 2021

Focusing on Luigi Ferdinando Marsigli’s neglected treatise, Bevanda asiatica (1685), this article explores knowledge exchanges between the Ottomans and Europeans in the late seventeenth century. Bevanda asiatica was based on Hezarfenn Hüseyin’s encyclopedic entry on coffee as well as on Marsigli’s own experiences both as a naturalist and as a slave-cook in Ottoman lands. Marsigli stated that Hezarfenn’s empirically driven depiction of the coffee plant was “the most original source” on coffee. By analyzing how and why Marsigli selected Hezarfenn’s text, this article sheds light onto the practices of cross-cultural knowledge exchanges in the early modernity.
Rıdvan Ağa’dan Süleyman Bey’e (1634-1774): Osmanlı Elçilik Heyetlerinin Avusturya Devlet Arşivindeki İzleri
Authors: Ercan Hüseyin Onur
Published: January 2021

Budin’in 1541’de eyalet olarak Osmanlı topraklarına katılmasıyla birlikte Os- manlılarla Avusturya Habsburgları birbiriyle komşu olmuş ve Zitvatorok Antlaşması (1606) ile iki gücün arasındaki diplomatik trafik artmıştı. Geçmişi XV. yüzyılın son- larına uzanan Osmanlı-Habsburg diplomatik tarihi üzerinde araştırmalar yapıldı- ğında, başvurulması gereken ana kaynaklardan birisi Avusturya Devlet Arşivleridir. Arşivlerde siyasî önemi haiz belgelerin yanında Viyana’da misafir olarak bulunmuş ve sayıları XVII. ve XVIII. yüzyıllar arasında büyük artış göstermiş Osmanlı elçilikleri- nin ağırlanma sürecini aydınlatma vasfına sahip çok sayıda belge bulunur. Osmanlı- Habsburg askerî mücadelesini kesin olarak nihayete erdiren Ziştovi Antlaşması’na (1791) kadar Viyana’ya yaklaşık doksan Osmanlı elçilik heyeti gönderilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, 1634-1774 yılları arasını kapsayan dönemde gönderilmiş elçiliklerin Habsburg kurumlarınca ne şekilde, nerede ağırlandıkları ve ağırlamadan kimlerin sorumlu olduğu soruları üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu makalede, şimdiye kadar ortaya konmuş veriler Avusturya Devlet Arşivlerinde bulunan belgelerin bir kısmını kullan- mak suretiyle elde edilen yeni bulgularla birleştirilerek, Osmanlı elçilik heyetlerini merkeze alarak Osmanlı-Habsburg diplomasi tarihine dair bir inceleme yapılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Vak‘a-i Hayriyye Sonrasında İstanbul’un Sosyal Yapısının Ana Hatlarına Dair Yeni Bazı Veriler: 1830-31 Devresine Ait İstanbul Nüfus Sayımı Hulasa Pusulası
Authors: Somel Selçuk Akşin
Published: January 2021

Bu makale 1831 İstanbul nüfus tahririnin hulasa pusulasını ele almaktadır. Söz konusu belge henüz arşivde tespit edilememiş olan 1831 İstanbul nüfus def- terlerinin kısa bir özetidir. Bazı araştırmalar bu vesikaya atıfta bulunmasına karşın içeriğinin derinlemesine bir tahlili şimdiye değin yapılmamıştır. Bu hulasa pusulası İstanbul ve Bilâd-ı Selâse Kadılıkları İslam ve Reaya erkek nüfusuna ilişkin veriler sunuyor. İslamlar şehri kapsayan on iki semt (kol ) ve semtlerdeki mahalleler çerçe- vesinde gösterilirken evli (müte’ehhil) erkekler bekârlardan tefrik edilmekte ve oğ- lan çocukları da bildirilmektedir. Aynı veri tasnifi medreseler, değirmen ve fırınlar, hanlar, Saray-ı Hümayun ve Babıâli kompleksi kategorilerinde de uygulanmıştır. Öte yandan Rum, Ermeni, Yahudi ve Katolik cemaatlerine dair demografik bilgiler farklı cizye vergisi kategorileri bağlamında sergilenmektedir. Bu veriler bize her bir cemaat dahilindeki gelir dağılımı yapısını istidlâl etmemizi mümkün kılıyor. Tüm bu verilerin ışığında 1831 yılının İstanbul nüfusuna ilişkin bir tahmin denemesine girişilmiştir.
Osmanlı Matbuatında Acemler: Şirket-i Sahafiye-i İraniye
Authors: Dığıroğlu Filiz
Published: January 2021

XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısında Osmanlı’da matbaacılığın yaygınlaşması ile birlikte özel matbaaların sayısı hızla artmış ve Osmanlı matbuat piyasasında birçok aktör devreye girmiştir. Bu aktörler içerisinde ‘Acem basmacılar/kitapçılar’ da denen İranlı müteşebbis- lerin önemi inkar edilemez bir gerçekliktir. Acem kitapçıların da içinde bulunduğu Os- manlı matbuat piyasasında bazı matbaacı ve kitapçılar güçlerini birleştirerek şirketleşmeye gitmiştir. Bu makaleye konu olan Şirket-i Sahafiye-i İraniye, Osmanlı yayıncılık tarihinde söz konusu şirketlere öncülük etmesi ve İstanbul’da yaşayan İranlı/Acem matbaacı/sahaf esnafı tarafından kurulması bakımından diğerlerinden ayrılmaktadır. İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren Acem/İranî matbaacıların daha ucuz neşriyat yapmak amacıyla bir araya gele- rek kurdukları Şirket-i Sahafiye-i İraniye, Osmanlı matbuatında yaklaşık çeyrek asırlık bir döneme damgasını vurmuştur. Bu makale, şu ana kadar hakkında müstakil bir çalış- ma yapılmamış olan Şirket-i Sahafiye-i İraniye’nin kuruluşu, kurucuların ve ortakların kimlikleri ile meslekleri, matbaanın yeri, kitap satış noktaları, şirketin faaliyetleri, ne tür eserler bastığı, yayın politikası, okur profili gibi noktaları ve şirketin Osmanlı resmi ma- kamları ile ilişkilerini aydınlatmayı amaçlamaktadır. Osmanlı yayıncılığının gözle görülür bir ivme kazandığı II. Abdülhamid devrinde, Şirket-i Sahafiye-i İraniye’nin dönemin ‘san- sür’ mekanizmalarıyla ilişkilerine özellikle değinilmiştir. Ayrıca şirket kurucularının ‘Acem’ kimliğinin yayın politikasında bir izdüşümü olup olmadığı tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
1455 Tarihli İstanbul Tahrir Defteri’nin Kayıp Sayfaları
Authors: Emecen Feridun M.
Published: January 2021

İstanbul’un fetihten hemen sonra yapıldığı bilinen 1455 tarihli tahririne ait defterin Halil İnalcık tarafından yayımlanması, İstanbul tarihi üzerinde çalışacaklar için çok kıymetli yeni bilgilerin ortaya çıkışına vesile teşkil etmiştir. Bu tahrir Os- manlı fethi öncesi İstanbul’u hakkında olduğu kadar, fetih sırasında tahribata uğra- dığı belirtilen şehrin durumu hakkında da son derece müdellel bilgiler vermektedir. H. İnalcık, defteri yayımlarken kendisine ulaşan fotokopi nüshadan hareket etmiş ve arşivlerde yaptığı tahkikata rağmen söz konusu defterin asıl nüshasına erişemediğini beyan etmişti. Öncelikle bu defterin aslının bir araştırmaya da konu olarak Topkapı Sarayı Arşivi’nde dağınık kayıtların yer aldığı bir derleme defterin içinde bulunduğu tesbiti yapılmıştı. Bu tesbitten hareketle tarafımdan yapılan inceleme sonucu ya- yımlanan defterin bir sayfasının fotokopi nüshada bulunmadığı, ayrıca daha önce dikkati çekmeyen bir başka Galata/Karaköy mahalleleri tahririnin daha mevcut bu- lunduğu görüldü. Bu araştırma notunda konuyla alakalı değerlendirmenin ardından eksik sayfaların metinleri okunarak bugünkü harflere aktarımı yapıldığı gibi yeni tes- bit edilen ve Karaköy mahallerini içine alan tam bir defterin tanıtımı, ne gibi katkılar sağlayacağı üzerinde duruldu. Ayrıca defterdeki kayıp sayfalar ile Karaköy mahalleri kayıtlarının orijinal görüntüleri de yazının sonuna eklendi. Böylece söz konusu def- ter parçaları, üzerinde yapılacak yeni çalışmalar için daha tam ve eksiklikleri nispeten giderilmiş halde istifadeye sunulmuş oldu.
Usługi finansowe a technologia blockchain – aktualne problemy oraz wyzwania podatkowe
Authors: Supera-Markowska Maria
Published: January 2021

Usługi finansowe wobec możliwości wykorzystania do płatności walut wirtualnych (przede wszystkim bitcoina), opartych na technologii blockchain, nabierają nowego wymiaru. Dokonywanie płatności bezpośrednich z użyciem kryptowalut kreuje zagadnienia istotne podatkowo, zarówno w zakresie samego pozyskiwania, jak i obrotu walutami wirtualnymi, w tym w szczególności wykorzystywania ich do realizacji funkcji płatniczej, ale także traktowania jako inwestycji lub przedmiotu działalności handlowej. Kwestie z tym związane generują liczne wyzwania podatkowe, zarówno w systemie podatków dochodowych, jak i podatków obrotowych oraz majątkowych. Tym wyzwaniom w zakresie podatkowych konsekwencji stosowania w systemie usług finansowych technologii blockchain dla płatności z użyciem kryptowalut poświęcono niniejszy artykuł.
Abnormal Lactation Lengths and its Consequences on Performance of Crossbred Cattle
Authors: Mehta Himanshu , Kashyap Neeraj , Kaur Simarjeet , Malhotra Puneet , Mukhopadhyay Chandra Sekhar
Published: January 2021

Background: The study was conducted to unravel the consequences of abnormal lactation lengths (Extremely short, short, prolong and extremely prolong lactation length) on production and reproduction traits of crossbred cattle (Red Dane x Sahiwal x Holstein Friesian), which otherwise remains unutilized in routine breeding data analysis owing to normalization and standardization of lactation lengths. Methods: The performance data of 2541 lactations of 1001 crossbred cattle, sired by 146 bulls over a period of 30 years maintained at the Livestock Farms of Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (GADVASU), Ludhiana were used for this study. The data on production and reproduction traits were analysed using general linear model procedures based on extremely short ( less than 102 days), short (102-179 days), prolong (483 - 560 days) and extremely prolong (≥ 560 days) lactation lengths on the basis of mean lactation length and its standard deviation. Result: Result indicated that the alteration of lactation lengths affected all important performance traits of crossbred cattle in contemporary as well as in next lactation. The values of 305 days milk yield, lactation milk yield, average fat (%), 305 days fat yield and lactation fat yield of contemporary lactation cycle were higher (P≤0.05) for the extremely prolong lactation length and reduced for shorter lactations. Similar trend was seen for next lactation cycle of the animal having abnormal lactation length in previous lactation cycle for all traits except calf birth weight, whereas days to reach peak yield and fat yield traits were not significantly affected by lactation length classes. The preferred lactation length for crossbred cattle for optimum performance was concluded as 180 to 483 days ranging one standard deviation from mean lactation length, covering more than 72% of population; however, it needs further studies to break it into groups in terms of productive life and economical merits. Farmers should avoid breeding of animal having extremely short and short lactation lengths, as their production and reproductive traits are lower in successive production cycle.