bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE CIRCULATION OF FEELINGS ON POLITICISED INSTAGRAM
Authors: Lehto Mari , Mannevuo Mona
Published: April 2023

In recent years a growing number of Finnish social media influencers have started to discuss political questions and even actors known for light lifestyle content have become vocal about social justice issues. In this paper, we explore how popular Finnish influencers experience the new expectations set for them and how they handle the mixture of intimate and algorithmic logics of Instagram. Our analysis draws from online observations of a wide range of lifestyle influencers and eight semi-structured, in-depth interviews with influencers and influencer agency representatives. Theoretically, we use Lauren Berlant’s (2008) analysis of ‘intimate publics’ to examine Instagram as a platform for vague intimacy, where feelings and commercial exchange flourish and circulate in proximity to the political.

Our investigation into influencers’ experiences of politicised Instagram through the concept of vague intimacy reveals the complex interplay of authenticity, politics, values, commercialised exchange, intimacy and feelings. Our study shows that influencers’ social media engagement comprises mixed feelings and ambiguity as they struggle to manage their visibility and meet followers’ expectations. Their politically oriented content on Instagram intertwines with their everyday lives but not without a cost: their inboxes overflow with DMs from followers seeking meaningful discussion. Although influencers seek to make politics look easy and engage in meaningful conversations with their followers, balancing between inclusive politics, commercial visibility and protecting one’s own boundaries is hard work.
MACHINE OVER MIND? THE CLASH OF AGENCY IN SOCIAL MEDIA ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: McConnell Stephen Joseph
Published: April 2023

Underlying many social media platforms are personalization engines designed to give people instant content and social recommendations to keep them engaged, yet understanding of their cognitive and behavioral impacts remains limited, particularly how user agency may be altered during interactions with these tools.

In interviews and focus groups, a diverse sample of 45 participants offered their experiences with these tools where they reflected on how they responded and reacted to them, and how they felt they preserved their agency or had it eroded by the technology. Participants also reported several novel outcomes that occurred that they attributed to the tools, including falling down "rabbit holes" where time and conscious thinking appeared to dissolve -- outcomes they did not anticipate happening.

Drawing from social cognitive theory, this dissertation advances an explanatory model that demonstrates the interactional dynamic between individuals and these choice recommendation engines, as well as identifies core agency, and related cognitive and behavioral, processes that appear to be activated during the interaction.

As a practical contribution, this work demonstrates individuals can have the upper hand in these environments, so long as they have a clear understanding of the consequences of use of these tools. The model provides that guidance, building on past social cognitive work that sought to empower individuals to be free, non-constricted agents who can attain any realistic goal they desire, so long as they exercise their internal capacities to achieve it and have an awareness of the environments that may thwart it.
SUBORDINATED BY THE ALGORITHM: EXPLORING DATA COLONIALISM AMONG LATIN AMERICAN CITIZENS
Authors: Morales Esteban , Reilly Katherine
Published: April 2023

Data colonialism refers to the processes by which extracted data is commodified to reproduce and expand capitalist and colonialist practices. As data colonialism transforms infrastructures and ideologies to exercise new ways of control, it has become a crucial approach to better understand how datafication transforms and impacts citizens' lives across the world—especially in the Global South. In this paper, we explore data colonialism as a lens to examine how Latin American citizens' are impacted by their engagement with different information systems. More specifically, we present findings from a collaboration with civic data organizations in five countries in Latin America. Overall, findings show how relying on data colonialism underscores the impacts to citizens when they engage with contemporary information systems, including material and physiological harm to individuals, fragmentation of communities, and various ideological shifts. However, findings also call attention to the value of integrating other theoretical approaches that emphasize discussions about agency, contextualization, and the benefits of datafication. Overall, this paper discusses how data colonialism hurts individuals, target communities, and transforms citizens' imaginaries about their place in society.
BEYOND PERFORMATIVE TRANSPARENCY: LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE EU CODE OF PRACTICE ON DISINFORMATION
Authors: Park Kirsty , Culloty Eileen
Published: April 2023

The EU Code of Practice on Disinformation has attempted to approach the issue of disinformation through a self-regulatory model, but this has seen limited success. We analyse 1114 self-reported actions from Code signatories (Google, Meta, Microsoft, Mozilla, TikTok and Twitter) taken from 47 monthly transparency reports addressing Covid-19 related disinformation. While the transparency reports were designed to provide clear, meaningful reporting, in reality the process of assessing each platform’s disinformation actions was difficult due to repetition, vague descriptions and a lack of quality data. Platform actions were often reported using a promotional tone and some were irrelevant to COVID-19 or disinformation.

We argue that the way in which we understand the role that social media platforms play in both the collection of data and the social outcomes that result from these data extraction processes needs to be questioned. Drawing upon the concept of data colonialism, we call for transparent access to data based on the idea that what platforms view as property is based on a “commercially motivated form of extraction” rather than a “naturally occurring form of social knowledge”. European debates about regulating online disinformation need to be set against a broader perspective on regulating the digital environment as a public infrastructure. Policymakers can achieve better civic and democratic outcomes by focusing on regulating the digital environment through, for example, robust competition, data portability, and interoperability rules. Such actions have the potential to break the dominance of Big Tech while incentivising better and new services for citizens.
NAVIGATING THE ECOSYSTEM OF BIG DATA AND ALGORITHMS AFTER INCARCERATION
Authors: Pinch Annika C
Published: April 2023

Formerly incarcerated people, who I will hereafter refer to as “returning citizens”, struggle when reentering society as their criminal record follows them around. In the age of big data and algorithms, finding information about someone’s criminal past is often as simple as typing their name into a google search. Yet there has been little focus on understanding the consequences of big data and algorithmic decisions for everyday people, and how they live with and make sense of these systems. Drawing upon in-depth interviews, I ask: In what ways does the visibility of information about returning citizens’ criminal record as it appears on search engines impact their lives? What strategies (if any) do they use to manage their criminal record in search? Findings explore the difficulties that returning citizens' face in reentering a technologically-driven world that they do not necessarily know how to navigate, which has various consequences in their lives. Yet at the same time, returning citizens find ways of adapting and resisting these systems, with varying degrees of success. Ultimately, these findings add to critiques about the prison-industrial complex and how our reliance on big data and algorithmic systems can perpetuate unequal and colonial power dynamics.
THE NETFLIX MACHINE: HOW EUROPEAN SCREEN WORKERS INTERPRET AND INTERACT WITH STREAMING DATA
Authors: Rasmussen Nina Vindum
Published: April 2023

What does the rise of algorithms and data analytics mean for European screen production? This paper examines the experiences of screenwriters, producers, and directors who have collaborated with data-driven streamers like Netflix and Amazon. The findings arise from on an exploration of the following research questions: (1) How do screen workers engage with broader debates about the impact of data-driven streamers (e.g. Netflix and Amazon) on the European screen industry? (2) How do screen workers make sense of their labour conditions and creativity in a streaming era? (3) How do screen workers evaluate the look, feel, and quality of the resulting streaming output? To answer these questions, I mix concepts and methods from media industry studies, production studies, critical data studies, and critical algorithm studies. The project takes the form of a production study that examines how screen workers negotiate the production dynamics in a streaming era. More specifically, I have interviewed 33 screen workers and carried out what Sherry Ortner (2010) calls an ‘interface ethnography.’ My findings especially focus on the multiple barriers to access – for me as a researcher as well as for the interviewed screen workers. It is well established that streamers like Netflix and Amazon hold audience figures and insights close to their chest. This paper demonstrates some of the ways screen workers interpret and interact with data despite this secrecy. Drilling down into these experiences will illuminate how screen workers make sense of their labour conditions and content output in a streaming era.
SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS AS MULTI-SIDED STAKEHOLDERS: YOUTUBE’S ROLE IN SHAPING IMAGINARIES OF AI
Authors: Richter Vanessa
Published: April 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) is considered a key technology in contemporary societies with high amounts of resources being dedicated globally to its development. Simultaneously, AI technology has been at the center of public debate considering its societal impact. Social Media Platforms (SMPs) play a crucial role in providing a space for public debates but also partake in public discourses on various levels. Understanding social media’s power in informing, shaping, and stirring these debates as stakeholders as well as providing a public arena is crucial, especially in light of their global reach and position. While traditional media’s role is often questioned for framing public debates and resulting imaginaries, this paper is questioning what multiple roles SMPs play in shaping users and, hence, public(s) imaginaries of AI? The research design focuses on YouTube as a case study conceptualizing the platform as a multi-sided stakeholder. The operationalization is based on a mixed-method approach, considering four streams of data to analyze YouTube as an AI innovator, technological implementer, media representative, as well as a political mediator. The mixed-methods approach draws on a combination of document analysis, platform analysis as well as content analysis of YouTube content. This brings forth the ongoing negotiation between platform, creator, and users to question the multifaceted role SMPs play in shaping imaginaries of AI. The analysis showed that YouTube acts as a multisided stakeholder and is shaping users’ imaginaries of AI from various angles depending on the intended audience of the public communication, created content, or applied technology.
DECOLONIZING NEWSMAKING ON YOUTUBE: THE CASE OF CLIMATE JOURNALISM DURING THE COP26 SUMMIT
Authors: Ritter Christian , Goel Rahul , Sharma Rajesh
Published: April 2023

This paper examines the role of newsmaking on the digital platform YouTube during the 2021 Climate Change Summit. Drawing on data collected with the software NodeXL Pro, we assess the connected communities, authorities, and popularity within a YouTube comment network. The data set of the investigation was assembled by the query ’COP26’. Drawing on the measures of influence in-degree, out-degree and PageRank, were ranked the YouTube channels of the researched network. In addition, the layout algorithm Force Atlas 2 was employed to detect network clusters in the software program Gephi. Finally, the study drew on Natural Language Processing to analyze the comment corpus. Our key findings suggest that YouTube channels of well-established, professional news corporations, such as BBC News, DWNews, and Sky News, reached high scores for the PageRank analysis. Based on the evidence collected, we argue that professional news corporations acted as influencers during the coverage of the 2021 Climate Summit on YouTube. This investigation contributes to understanding the role of digital platforms in the science communication on climate change and the negotiations of (post)colonial pasts. Its findings imply that claims for climate justice are increasingly played out within a diverse, global transmedia ecology. Climate justice is increasingly intertwined with decolonial voices.
COVID ONLY ON THURSDAYS: DEALING WITH AN INFODEMIC IN LANGUAGE- AND REGION-BASED ONLINE COMMUNITIES
Authors: Rohden Frauke
Published: April 2023

Facing the ‘infodemic’ accompanying the coronavirus pandemic, many online communities were faced with questions of how to organize and moderate a deluge of information regarding the virus. On the social media platform Reddit, new communities (subreddits) about the virus quickly emerged. Accompanied by some negotiation and contestation, r/coronavirus eventually became the official platform-wide information channel about the pandemic. However, many existing subreddits nevertheless had to decide how to deal with the topic. Should they ban it from their community and refer to the official subreddit, allow the topic without restrictions, or adapt existing moderation mechanisms to the evolving situation? New localized communities emerged for discussing the course of the pandemic in particular countries or regions. Additionally, communities in languages other than English were facing challenges in dealing with covid-19 content. In this submission, I explore moderation strategies in several region- and language-based subreddits to examine how rules in existing online communities were changed in the light of pandemic information.
RACE AND RISK: EXPLORING ONLINE RESPONSES TO THE EURO 2020 FINAL
Authors: Rosamond Emily
Published: April 2023

In July 2021, England lost the Euro 2020 football final to Italy. Following the loss, Black England players were widely racially abused online. As Twitter took down over 1900 offensive posts directed at the players, and commentators condemned the racism, sending supportive messages to players, the controversy continued to generate traffic. How might online platforms reconfigure racism, according to a late-neoliberal logic of assetized attention and identity? How might the football game, as a widely publicized symbolic site which stages a relation between competition, chance, and nationhood, inflect these expressions of racism? In this paper, I analyze online responses to the 2020 Euro finals, with a focus on narratives expressing expectations about posters’ and platforms’ roles in propagating online racism. I analyze how online platforms express conflicts over race in the reputational terms of status and attention metrics. Extending insights from W.E.B. Du Bois, Cedric Robinson, and Cheryl Harris, I arrive at an account of assetized, late-neoliberal racial capitalism, which recodes racism as the uneven distribution of reputational risk.
SEEDING DOUBTS ABOUT VOTING BROADLY AND STRATEGICALLY: TRUMP AND BIDEN RHETORIC ONLINE IN THE 2020 U.S. PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION
Authors: Stromer-Galley Jennifer , Kim Pyeonghwa , Khoury Christy , McKernan Brian , Hemsley Jeff
Published: April 2023

When rioters attacked the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021, they did so mistrusting the electoral process and believing that Donald Trump had been robbed of the presidency. Presidential rhetoric has the power to shape the attitudes of the public and steer the country (Mercieca, 2020). Indeed, presidential rhetoric has the power to shape what Taylor (2004) describes as the social imaginary – the rhetorical construction of a version of a shared reality that takes hold in public discourse and public consciousness. Trump’s rhetoric in 2020 around the vote continued a narrative that he had started when he took office. In this study, using the framework of social imaginaries, we qualitatively and inductively analyze messaging on campaign social media accounts around the 2020 presidential campaign. We also examine the Facebook advertisements and the targets of those ads specifically around the vote. We compare Trump’s rhetoric to that of his opponent Joe Biden to contrast the distinct imaginaries around the vote each political candidate articulated. We find that Trump relied on his social media accounts to sow distrust of the vote process and doubt about the accuracy of the vote count on Election Day. More concerning, we also find that Trump attacked the voting process through his paid advertising on Facebook, targeting voters in key battleground states.
#FREEBRITNEY: STRATEGIES OF COUNTERNARRATIVES AND SELF-REGULATION WITHIN FAN ACTIVISM
Authors: Vaidya Akhil Raghav , Lingel Jessa
Published: April 2023

The conservatorship of Britney Spears represented both a legal arrangement that placed severe restrictions on her autonomy, and also the center of a growing activist movement demanding a restoration of her rights. Commonly known as #FreeBritney, this primarily online group has worked since 2009 to raise awareness of and bring an end to Spears’ conservatorship. This paper situates the #FreeBritney movement at the intersection of fandom and digital activism, highlighting the activist potential of fan communities. Using a thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke, 2006) of 16 interviews with self-identified #FreeBritney members, we describe key themes pertaining to the intersection of fandom and digital activism. A primary objective of #FreeBritney members involved piecing together an alternative narrative of Britney Spears’ career and conservatorship. In keeping with theorists who argue that hashtags constitute a digital counterpublic (Wimmer, 2016), interview participants recalled organizing “trending parties” to help increase the visibility and validity of resistant readings of Britney Spears’ conservatorship. Echoing de Kosnik’s (2012) theory of the “social innovations of fandom, interviews also demonstrated how the #FreeBritney movement collectively formed internal rules and codes, described as a “self-regulating body” of members. To the extent it reflects and diverges from fandom and digital activism, the #FreeBritney movement poses compelling questions about key tensions in both fields. With this analysis of #FreeBritney, we seek to interrogate fandom as a site of activist potential within the framework of a successful online movement, building on established theory and locating new sites of analysis.
VIRAL HEALTH MISINFORMATION FROM GEOCITIES TO COVID-19
Authors: Walker Shawn , Roschke Kristy , Padejski Djordje , Simeone Michael , Muldoon Anna , Brown Major
Published: April 2023

Although often discussed in the public discourse as a phenomenon newly exacerbated by social media, the use of the Internet to spread health-related misinformation is as old as the Internet itself. Techniques, networks, and narratives from prior novel health outbreaks such as HIV or Ebola continue to circulate and are repurposed in the current COVID-19 pandemic. We examine and compare two case studies of health misinformation — HIV mis/disinformation in from the mid-1990s to early 2000s circulating in GeoCities and the role of official COVID-19 Dashboards in present-day COVID-19 mis/disinformation. This contributes to our understanding of current and historical health misinformation as well as the connections between them.
ADİ KONKORDATO HÜKÜMLERİ UYARINCA ÜÇÜNCÜ KİŞİ REHNİYLE GÜVENCEYE ALINMIŞ ALACAĞIN HUKUKİ DURUMU ÜZERİNE DEĞERLENDİRMELER
Authors: BÖRÜ Levent , PARLAK BÖRÜ Şafak , BİLGİÇ EROĞLU Emine
Published: April 2023

Konkordato projesinin kabulü için oylamaya katılacak alacaklılar, konkordato projesinden etkilenen alacaklılardır. Rehinli alacakların teminatsız kalan kısmı projeye dâhil edilecektir. Rehin hakkı, konkordato hukuku bakımından ayrıca incelenmelidir. Zira rehnin kim tarafından verildiği oylamaya katılacak alacaklıların belirlenmesi bakımından önem arz etmektedir. Borçlu borcuna karşılık kendisi rehin gösterebileceği gibi üçüncü bir kişi de borçlunun borcuna karşılık rehin gösterebilir. Konkordato hukuku bakımından da rehin konusu malın malikinin üçüncü kişi olması halinde alacağın, adi alacak mı rehinli alacak mı olduğu tartışmalar arasındadır. Bu çalışmada İcra ve İflas Kanunu’nun konkordatoya ilişkin hükümleri, doktrin ve Yargı kararları ışığında üçüncü kişi rehniyle temin edilen alacağın konkordatodaki hukuki durumu incelenmiştir.
Mieloma múltiple: a propósito de un caso
Authors: Nava Raúl Iván , Parra Marañón Juan Diego , Parra Marañón David Eduardo
Published: April 2023

Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 62 años con un cuadro clínico de un año de evolución, caracterizado por presentar dolores óseos a nivel dorsolumbar, tórax, caderas y miembro inferior izquierdo, que se exacerba durante la última semana imposibilitando la marcha. Presenta también astenia, adinamia y anorexia, pérdida de peso de 15 kg durante los últimos 2 meses. Se llegó al diagnóstico de mieloma múltiple mediante biopsia y mediante electroforesis de proteínas y proteinuria de Bence Jones se clasificó como un Mieloma Múltiple NO secretor, el cual es muy raro, ya que representa solo el 2 % de los mielomas.
Espectro antimicrobiano de antisépticos, desinfectantes y detergentes enzimáticos de uso hospitalario validados en Laboratorio Clínico Central
Authors: Villarroel García Mirtha , Hidalgo Filipovich Rosario , Nogales Villarroel Daniela Andrea , Rojas Vásquez Shirley
Published: April 2023

Los desinfectantes y antisépticos son sustancias químicas que matan o inhiben el crecimiento microbiano. Se realizó un estudio experimental, longitudinal donde se analizó el espectro antimicrobiano de antisépticos, desinfectantes y detergentes enzimáticos utilizados en hospitales y en laboratorios clínicos. El objetivo fue evaluar el espectro antimicrobiano de antisépticos, desinfectantes y detergentes enzimáticos de uso hospitalario validados en el Laboratorio Central de la ciudad de Cochabamba en la Gestión 2017. Se procesaron las muestras con la técnica de tubos múltiples, para lo que se tomó en cuenta la presencia o ausencia de turbidez (+) (-); los intervalos de tiempo (15,30 y 60 minutos), y el cultivo de las muestras en Agar sangre y MacConkey. Se evaluó el espectro antimicrobiano de los antisépticos, desinfectantes y detergentes enzimáticos de uso hospitalario. No se observó el desarrollo de los microorganismos asociados a los servicios de salud (Bacilos Gram Negativos fermentadores, no fermentadores, Cocos Gram positivos y hongos) a los 15, 30 y 60 minutos de incubación a 350 C frente a los antisépticos y desinfectantes. En cambio, los detergentes enzimáticos no presentan acción antimicrobiana frente a estos microorganismos. Palabras clave: Antisépticos. Desinfectantes. Detergentes enzimáticos. Acción antimicrobiana.
Modern Yaşamın Çelişkileri: Bohem Hayatı (Boheemielämää)
Authors: LEKESİZ Fazilet , KÜÇÜKSÖNMEZ Nermin
Published: April 2023

Bir yaşam şekli olarak 19. Yüzyıl’da ortaya çıkan bohem, modernleşme hareketleri ile yakından ilgilidir. Bohem, modern bireyciliğin çatışmalarını, çelişkilerini ortaya koyan ve orta sınıf yaşamı ile bağlantılı olan bir kavramdır. Yaygın görüşe göre, burjuva kavramı ile doğrudan ilişkili olan ve bir anlamda bu yaşam tarzına bir tepki olarak ortaya çıkan 19. Yüzyıl bohemleri kendilerini baskılayan, ötekileştiren orta sınıf değerlerine giyimleri, yaşam şekilleri, düşünceleri ve faaliyetleri ile meydan okumuştur. Dönemin sanatçıları tarafından sanatın başkenti olarak kabul edilen Paris’i merkezine alan bohemler entelektüel birikimi yüksek, ideolojik olarak muhalif bir ruh barındıran ressamlar, yazarlar, müzisyenler vb. sanatçılardan oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Finlandiyalı yönetmen Aki Kaurismäki’nin bohem yazar Henri Murger’in ‘Scènes de la vie de bohème’ eserinden uyarladığı Bohem Hayatı (Boheemielämää, 1992) filmi ele alınmıştır. Filmde, Paris’te yaşayan üç bohem sanatçının hayat mücadelesi anlatılmaktadır. Film, yönetmenin kendi bohem kişiliğini ortaya koymak amacıyla auteur eleştiri ve burjuvazi-bohemizm ilişkisinin ideolojik çatışması ya da birlikteliğini değerlendirebilmek amacıyla da ideolojik eleştiri yöntemleriyle ele alınmaktadır. Yönetmen Kaurismäki, filmindeki bohem karakterleri aracılığıyla kendi bohem kimliğini de ortaya koymaktadır. Bohem karakterlerin hayata bakışı, yaşam şekilleri ve ilişkileri film örnekleminde ele alınmıştır.
How Influencer Doctors Use Social Media? A Content Analysis on Marketing Communications, Patient Privacy and Ethics
Authors: ZENGİN Güldane
Published: April 2023

Medical doctors have a high level of source credibility and a reputable profession. Some of them also share their expertise on social media. This led to so some doctors gaining thousands and millions of followers and becoming “influencer doctors”. Every bit of information that a medical doctor share is important for the followers. Influencers are content creators with a large social media following, and this makes them appealing for brands. Collaborations with brands are common for influencers. When it comes to influencer doctors, who have more credibility due to their profession, it can be said that they have an advantage over ordinary influencers, a power to drive their followers’ decisions. However, it is prohibited by law and regulations for medical doctors to advertise in any medium. Thus, in this study it was aimed to reveal medical doctors’ compliance with Turkish Medical Association’s rules on social media. A content analysis on 13 medical doctors’ Instagram stories was conducted. Each doctor has more than 500.000 followers and they shared a total of 565 stories. According to the findings, product promotions are most common content for the stories of these influencer doctors. They also share stories that showcase or promote their services; that contain patient information in which more than half are privacy breaches; and none included a disclosure on patient permission to reveal such information.
A Longitudinal Study on Anxiety and Confidence Among Japanese University Students Studying English
Authors:   Tohoku Institute of Technology, D. Cooke Simon
Published: April 2023

This article details the results of a longitudinal qualitative study which sought to examine dynamics in Japanese students’ self-reported anxiety, confidence regarding their English learning experiences and their attitudes to learning English. The data is drawn from responses from bi- annual interviews with three students from three different academically-tiered universities during their four years at university. The results demonstrate the variety of influences on learners from both inside and outside the learning environment that contribute to different levels of anxiety over time irrespective of academic tier. These include perceptions of breakthrough linguistic moments, student-student classroom interaction and the importance of the maintenance of vision of one’s future English-speaking self. The research also demonstrates the benefits of longitudinal research based on narrative enquiry employing fewer numbers of students to uncover considered experiential data which can help reflect the dynamic nature of language study.
TİP 2 DİYABET KONTROLÜNDE ÖZ YÖNETİM EĞİTİMİNİN ETKİNLİĞİ- BİRİNCİ BASAMAKTA YARI DENEYSEL BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: SALCAN Tarık , TANIR Ferdi , KARA Ertan
Published: April 2023

Amaç: Çalışmamızda amaç, rastgele seçilmiş bir grup Tip 2 Diyabetes Mellitus (T2DM) tanılı kişiye verilecek diyabet eğitiminin hastalığın öz yönetimi ve tam kontrolü üzerine etkisini tespit etmekti.

Yöntem: Müdahale tipinde planlanan bu çalışma, Adana ilinde hizmet veren iki aile hekimliği birimine kayıtlı 20 ila 65 yaş arası T2DM tanılı 59 kişi ile gerçekleştirildi. ASM’ye davet edilen bu bireylerle yüz yüze anket ve öz yönetim ölçeği dolduruldu; antropometrik ölçümler ve metabolik parametreler kaydedildi. Katılımcılar rastgele deney ve kontrol grubuna atandı ve deney grubuna diyabet eğitimi verildi. Üç ayın sonunda tekrar ASM’ye davet edilen katılımcılarla işlem tekrarlandı. Verilerin analizi SPSS 25.0 programı ile yapıldı ve analizde İndependent T, Paired T, Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon, Ki-Kare, Mcnemar, Korelasyon ve Lojistik Regresyon Testleri kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Eğitim grubunun yaş ortalaması 54.45±7.49, kontrol grubunun ise 54.39±7.26’dır. Üç ayın sonunda Eğitim grubunda kiloda %2.1, bel çevresinde %1.21, BKİ’de %2.35, HbA1C’de %8.82, trigliseridde %12.57, TyG indeksinde %2.5 anlamlı düşüş sağlandı. HbA1C’de 0.73 birim düşüş gerçekleşti. Kontrol grubunda antropometrik ölçüm ve metabolik parametrelerde üç ayın sonunda anlamlı bir değişim olmadı. Eğitim grubunda üç ayın sonunda Diyabet Öz Yönetim Ölçeği (DÖYÖ) 1. alt boyutta %17.62, 2. alt boyutta %13.05, 3. alt boyutta %35.84 ve DÖYÖ toplam puanlarda %19.35 anlamlı artış sağlandı.

Sonuç: Diyabet öz yönetim eğitimi metabolik ve antropometrik parametreler üzerinde etkili olmuştur. Birinci basamak sağlık kuruluşlarında diyabete yönelik koruyucu sağlık hizmetleri kapsamında hastalara planlı, devamlı ve multidisipliner diyabet eğitimi verilmesi tavsiye edilmektedir.
The Royal Society Biographical Memoirs: highlights and experiences as Editor-in-Chief
Authors: Longair Malcolm S.
Published: April 2023

The *Biographical Memoirs* series publishes extended scientific obituaries of Fellows of the Royal Society. These carefully researched and creatively written memoirs of eminent mathematical, physical, biological and medical scientists and engineers are often written by a close colleague or research collaborator. Each memoir is intended to provide an accessible overview of the subject’s scientific achievements, as well as shining a light on the very varied backgrounds of Fellows and the human side of scientific success. In this seminar, Editor-in-Chief Professor Malcolm Longair will speak about his experience of editing the memoirs since 2016 and talk about some of the highlights in the latest volume.
O impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 no rastreamento de câncer de mama em mulheres no Brasil
Authors: Moraes Henrique Maciel Vieira de , Riche Marcelle Raschik , Mury Wanda Vianna , Maranho Yvone Taube , Albuquerque Pamela Cristina Reis
Published: April 2023

Introdução: O câncer de mama possui alta mortalidade no Brasil e no mundo e apresenta caráter multifatorial associado a fatores genéticos, hereditários, ambientais e comportamentais. A mamografia é o principal exame de rastreio, capaz de revelar alterações suspeitas, como focos de microcalcificações, tumores em estágios iniciais, antes do surgimento de sinais e sintomas para o paciente. Por conta disso, o Ministério da Saúde recomenda, por meio de orientações da Organização Mundial da Saúde, que seja feito o rastreamento mamográfico a cada dois anos em todas as mulheres na faixa etária de 50 a 69 anos. No Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), esse exame é oferecido para todas as idades, conforme indicação médica. Contudo, durante a pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil, nos anos de 2020 e 2021, houve redução significativa da procura por exames de mamografia no país. Ademais, o sistema de saúde teve que se reorganizar para poder auxiliar os pacientes com SARS-CoV-2, colocando obstáculos no rastreamento do câncer de mama. Objetivos: Avaliar o impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 no rastreamento de câncer de mama no Brasil, com base em dados coletados acerca da realização de mamografias no SUS no período anterior à pandemia e no de seu pico. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, que teve por objetivo reunir dados referentes à realização de mamografias bilaterais para rastreamento no SUS nos anos de 2018 e 2019, anteriores à pandemia de COVID-19, comparando-os com os dados coletados durante os anos de 2020 e 2021. Os dados foram extraídos do Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais do SUS. Os resultados refletem o somatório dos exames realizados em todas as capitais brasileiras nos anos selecionados. As variáveis selecionadas foram: mamografia bilateral para rastreamento, código 0204030188, quantidade apresentada segundo capital. Resultados e conclusão: Durante os anos de 2018 e 2019, foram registradas, respectivamente, 824.936 e 842.918 mamografias bilaterais para rastreamento pelo SUS. Nota-se certa estabilidade nesse período, com aumento de 2% no ano de 2019. No entanto, durante os anos de 2020 e 2021, anos de pico da pandemia, foram registradas, respectivamente, 453.532 e 634.918 mamografias bilaterais para rastreamento pelo SUS. Assim, observou-se, no presente estudo, significativa diminuição no número de rastreamentos de câncer de mama nos anos de 2020 e 2021 em comparação com a média anual de rastreamentos dos anos de 2018 e 2019, ou 34,73% de redução. Sendo o diagnóstico precoce de câncer de mama fundamental para melhor prognóstico da doença, a queda no número de mamografias realizadas é preocupante, uma vez que favorece o diagnóstico de tumores em estágios mais avançados, o que demanda tratamentos mais invasivos e de menor eficácia.
Período menstrual e aprendizado
Authors: Moreira Bárbara Alves Moreno Azevedo , Lucas Vitoria Milani de
Published: April 2023

Introdução: O tipo e a intensidade dos sintomas da TPM variam de mulher para mulher e de mês a mês na mesma mulher. Os diversos sintomas físicos e psicológicos da TPM podem perturbar temporariamente a vida de uma mulher. Os sintomas mais comuns incluem irritabilidade, ansiedade, agitação, raiva, insônia, dificuldade de concentração, letargia, depressão e fadiga intensa. A mulher talvez se sinta inchada e temporariamente ganhe peso. O estresse proveniente desse quadro menstrual estimula o corpo a produzir uma substância chamada Quinase C que prejudica a memória de curto prazo, na qual as informações ficam armazenadas por um período. Esse processo evita que o conteúdo chegue até a memória de longo prazo e se consolide. Objetivo: Analisar o quanto os sintomas menstruais prejudicam a formação acadêmica com base nos prejuízos na concentração e no aprendizado. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de uma análise dos impactos da sintomatologia menstrual, incluindo a síndrome pré-menstrual, durante o processo ensino-aprendizagem de acadêmicas de Medicina da UniRedentor, com base em pesquisa primária com coleta de dados. Resultados e conclusão: 59 pessoas participaram da pesquisa. Delas, 89,8% relataram que sentem cólica menstrual, sendo em 38,9% dos casos cólica leve, em 27,8% cólica moderada e em 33,3% intensa. Quando questionadas sobre alterações na concentração nesse período, 23,7% não sofrem nenhuma alteração, 50,8% têm pequena perda de concentração e 25,4% intensa perda de concentração. Por tudo isso, é possível concluir que não há apenas uma persistente interferência no processo ensino-aprendizagem como enorme necessidade de intervenção para tratamento e atenuação dessa problemática que envolve a concentração e o aprendizado. É o que foi proposto na pesquisa enquanto produção inovadora, na forma de capacitação periódica da graduação, com equipe multidisciplinar para auxiliar e dar todo o suporte necessário para diminuir esse cenário.
Prevalência de efeitos colaterais com o uso de indutores ovulatórios em pacientes do ambulatório de infertilidade
Authors: Giordano Luiz Augusto , Gomide Olívia Fonseca
Published: April 2023

Introdução: A infertilidade é definida como uma condição caracterizada pela falha em estabelecer uma gravidez clínica após 12 meses de tentativa de gestação sem sucesso, com relações sexuais regulares e sem o uso de métodos contraceptivos (período este reduzido para seis meses em mulheres com idade superior a 35 anos). Pode ser classificada como primária, quando não se pode confirmar a existência prévia de alguma gestação; e secundária, quando há registro confiável de pelo menos uma gravidez prévia. Entre as etiologias femininas, citam-se fator ovariano, tuboperitoneal, uterino e infertilidade sem causa aparente, sendo os dois primeiros as mais frequentes. Para a investigação de infertilidade masculina, é necessária primeiramente uma anamnese bem feita, verificando história patológica pregressa, mutações genéticas, cirurgias prévias, uso de medicações e estilo de vida. Depois, solicita-se o exame de espermograma a fim de avaliar, principalmente, concentração, quantidade, motilidade e morfologia dos espermatozoides. Após a investigação do casal e verificando-se que não há empecilhos para a realização do tratamento, pode-se iniciar o estímulo ovulatório quando dado o diagnóstico de fator ovariano. A indução ovulatória pela via oral é o primeiro passo do tratamento e inclui medicações indutoras, como Letrozol (LTZ) e Citrato de Clomifeno (CC). O LTZ configura-se como um inibidor não esteroidal da enzima Aromatase (converte androgênios em estrogênios) e o CC, como um modulador seletivo dos receptores de estrogênio, inibindo os efeitos estrogênicos no hipotálamo e estimulando o aumento de GnRh e, consequentemente, de FSH e LH. Assim, diante dos benefícios do tratamento com o uso dos indutores ovulatórios para estímulo ovariano, ressalta-se a necessidade de comparação entre as duas medicações quanto aos efeitos colaterais, objetivando-se maior bem-estar das pacientes. Objetivo: Comparar a prevalência de efeitos adversos do CC e do LTZ nas pacientes atendidas no Ambulatório de Infertilidade. Materiais e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo de casos sobre os efeitos colaterais das medicações CC e LTZ realizado no Ambulatório de Infertilidade. O tamanho da amostra avaliada foi da população de pacientes portadoras de fator ovariano do ambulatório, que foram entrevistadas no período entre julho de 2019 e junho de 2021. Resultados e conclusão: Das 51 pacientes avaliadas, 16 relataram efeitos adversos com o uso das medicações. Foram relatados náusea, vômitos, dor pélvica, mastalgia e irritabilidade, sendo todas as pacientes acompanhadas e tratadas. Entre as sintomáticas, somaram-se sete entre as 23 pacientes que utilizaram LTZ e nove entre as 28 do grupo CC. A diferença percentual entre as amostras foi relativamente próxima, com 30% de efeitos colaterais gerados por LTZ e 32% por CC. Assim, não é possível afirmar, nesta amostra, a superioridade de uma medicação sobre a outra com relação a efeitos colaterais.
Distribution Patterns and Abundance of the Dura Andat, Agonoscelis pubescens (Thunb.), and other Pentatomids Across Habitat Patches in the Central Clay Plain of Sudan*
Authors: Mohamed El Sayed El Bashir , Bilal Alawia F.
Published: April 2023

Field surveys were carried out at three locations in the centralclay plain of Sudan at Gedarif, Blue Nile and North Darfur States. Theobjective was to determine the most preferred resting sites of the duraandat, Agonoscelis pubescens , and other associated pentatomid species.These sites are where the chemical control campaigns of this pest areconducted every year. The results showed that A. pubescens preferredcertain types of trees as resting sites and that different pentatomid speciesaggregated and stayed together with it at these sites. A. pubescens wasthe main species sheltering on trees, while Carbula pedalis, anunconfirmed pest of sorghum, was the main species sheltering inmountain caves. Each of these two species seemed to join with a set ofspecific group of pentatomids, which differed from those associated withthe other. It is argued that control of C. pedalis may be unnecessary if it isproved that this insect is neither a pest of sorghum nor of any other maincrop.
Effect of Storage Period on the Quality of Sudanese White Cheese (Gibna Bayda) Manufactured with Solanum dubium Extract
Authors: Abdalla Mohamed Osman Mohamed , Kheir Sana Eltahir Osman
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of storageperiod on weight loss, chemical composition and microbiological andsensory characteristics of white cheese (Gibna Bayda) manufactured usingSolanum dubium enzyme extract. Cheese was made (25 ml of extract /50L milk), stored for 90 days at 35°C and evaluated for weight loss,chemical composition and microbiological and sensory characteristics at1, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days. The results indicated that storage periodsignificantly increased weight loss and chemical components except saltcontent. Storage period had a significant effect on titratable acidity andprotein content of whey. Total viable bacteria, streptococci andlactobacilli counts (Log10 cfu/gm) decreased as the storage periodprogressed. There was a slight improvement in flavour and a decrease insaltiness, during storage, but there was no significant effect on cheesecolour and texture.
Effect of Shade on Xylem Development of Moringa oleifera (Alrawag) Seedlings
Authors: Ahmed Lamia T. , Abdelgadir Abdelazim Y. , Mahmmoud Abdellatif E. , Warrag Essam I.
Published: April 2023

This study investigated the effect of shade as a moderator oflight intensity and temperature on xylem development of seedlings ofMoringa oleifera. Three levels of shade were used: high shade, mediumshade and no shade. Four sequential harvests were carried out monthly forthe seedlings starting from four weeks after seed sowing. Cross sectionswere prepared from the lower and middle parts of the stems at eachharvest and vessel volume fraction, vessel diameters, number of vesselsand volume fraction of lignified cells were measured. The results showedthat the effect of shade was significant on the anatomical variables.Generally, the values of the anatomical variables of the stem wood of theseedlings decreased with increased shade level. The findings indicate theimportance of shade to M. oleifera seedling development and that itshould be considered in nursery conditions.
Critical Period of Weed Control in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) at Three Nitrogen Levels*
Authors: Hamad Abeer Abdeldaim , Lolas Petros C.
Published: April 2023

The critical period for weed control is that part of the cropgrowth cycle during which the crop must be kept weed-free to preventunacceptable yield losses. Field studies were conducted for twoconsecutive years, 2004 and 2005, in the Thessaly plain in central Greeceto determine the critical period for weed control in cotton at three nitrogenlevels (50,100, and 150 kg N ha-1 ).Treatments of increasing duration ofweed interference and weed-free period were imposed at biweeklyintervals from 0 to 10 weeks after crop emergence (WAE). Based on anarbitrarily acceptable yield loss level of 5% and 10%, the beginning andend of the critical period were determined by fitting the polynomialregression to relative yield data representing increasing duration of weedinterference and weed-free period. Plant height, shoot and root dryweights and yield of cotton were reduced by prolonged delays in weedremoval at all nitrogen levels in 2004 and 2005. The results showed thatweeds reduced cotton shoot and root dry weights, respectively, by 55%and 38 % at 50 kg N ha-1 , 50% and 42 % at 100 kg N ha-1 and 40% and 46% at 150 kg N ha -1 , when allowed to compete for two weeks. At 10%acceptable yield loss level, the critical period was 8.2 weeks, starting 0.4WAE and ending 8.6 WAE at 50 kg N ha -1 , and was decreased to 7weeks, starting 1 WAE and ending 8 WAE at 100 kg N ha-1 . The criticalperiod decreased to 6.1 weeks, at 150 kg N ha -1 , starting 1.3 WAE andending 7.4 WAE. These findings showed that the supply of nitrogen to thecrop and weeds significantly influenced the crop-weed interferenceduration. This information will be useful for providing weed controlrecommendation to cotton producers.
Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Citrullus colocynthis Seeds on Performance and Carcass Yield of Broiler Chickens
Authors: Ali Sayda A.M. , Abdalla Hyder O. , Elameen Mohamed D.
Published: April 2023

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of Citrulluscolocynthis seeds on the performance of broiler chickens, using dietscontaining four levels of C. colocynthis seed powder (0%, 2%, 4% and6%). Three hundred sixty males one day of age chicks (Ross strain) wererandomly allotted to four treatments with three replicates. All groups werefed ad libitum from one day to 49 days of age. Data were analyzedaccording to the completely randomized design, and Duncan’s multiplerange test was used for means comparison. Live body weight, carcassweight and dressing percentages significantly (P≤0.05) increased as thedietary level of C. colocynthis seeds increased. Feed intake, feedconversion ratio and abdominal fat pad weight significantly (P≤0.05)decreased as the dietary level of seed supplementation increased. Thegroup fed on 6% had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) the heaviest gastrointestinalweights (empty intestine, empty gizzard) and heart and liver weights.Therefore, C. colocynthis seeds can be added to broiler feeds up to 6%without adverse effects.
A Note on Self-heating and Spontaneous Combustion of Stored Sunflower Seed Cake and Cotton Seeds
Authors: El-Nazir Susan M. A. , Babikir Ibrahim H. , S. Shakak Mahdi A. , Sulieman Ilham A. , Medani Raian M.
Published: April 2023

Sunflower seed cake and cotton seed warehouses combusted spontaneouslyand burnt in August and November 2009, respectively, in Khartoum North industrialarea. The objective of this study was to determine some of the reasons for self-heatingand spontaneous combustion. Representative samples from the two warehouses werecollected. Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Paesiolomyces sp., Rhizopus oryzae, Absidia sp.were isolated at 37 o C. Bacillus thuringiensis was isolated at 37 oC, and B. pantothenticus,B. ciculans, B. licheniformis, B. sphaericus, B. badius, Escherichia coli and Klebsiellasp. were isolated at 60 oC. A decrease in oil, fibre and phosphorus and increase in freefatty acids and protein contents were detected.
Effect of Vegetation Height and Cover on the Viability of Metarhizium acridum Conidia Used in the Control of the Desert Locust Nymphs (Schistocerca gregaria) (Forskål)
Authors: Etheimine Mohamed Ould , Bashir Magzoub Omer , Ely Sidi Ould , Mohamed Sid’ahmed Ould , Ould Babah Mohamed Abdallahi , Cherif Kane , Mounsif Benchekroun
Published: April 2023

The effect of plant height and density of vegetation cover(millet) on the efficacy and residual effect of Metarhizium acridumconidia (Green Muscle®) in controlling Desert Locusts was evaluated insemi-field conditions inside large cages of 2x2x1 m. A mixed populationof third (L3) and fourth (L4) instars of nymphs was used as target. Thestudy was organized in two trials, separately carried out according to theplants height: Trial I, on short vegetation (27-37 cm) and Trial II, on tallvegetation (73-93cm). In both trials, the insects were treated in twodifferent vegetation covers: low (~10 %) and high (~100 %). A dose rateof 2.5 x 1012 conidia/ha was used with two different application volumes:1 and 2 L/ha. The efficacy of the biopesticide was evaluated by mortalityrate of treated nymphs followed during two weeks. On the other hand,untreated nymphs released in cages with treated vegetation were used toevaluate the effect of residual conidia in the two different vegetationstates. No significant influence of vegetation cover on the efficacy ofMetarhizium was observed in short vegetation (p = 0.828) or in tallvegetation (p =0.334) when a volume rate of 1 lire per hectare was used.In high vegetation cover, the increase of the applied volume rate to 2 litersper hectare significantly improved mortality rate. Also, conidia were alivesix days after treatment with good effect on untreated nymphs released ontreated vegetation. For the same period, no residual effect was observed in