bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Localized failure analysis in a large reinforced concrete wall theater
Authors: Silva Marcos Alves da , Almeida Luiz Carlos de , Trautwein Leandro Mouta
Published: November 2023

Abstract Reinforced concrete structures must be designed in a manner that assures an acceptable level of safety and performance. However, accidents still occur nowadays causing interdiction, financial losses, or even human casualties. Therefore, succinct studies are required to give answers to such an undesirable situation, helping to prevent repetition and enlightening new design and construction methods. This paper analyzes the failure mechanism in a large reinforced concrete panel composed of one L-shaped cantilevered wall and structural walls in Campinas. The investigation was carried out using in-situ destructive and non-destructive tests and also through numerical simulation. In-situ tests revealed that the region where the fracture happened had no sufficient resisting steel area. The fracture line developed through the end of the wall’s horizontal rebars anchored within the column. It was concluded that the reinforced concrete panel failure happened due to structure misconception and incorrect design, once columns stirrups were responsible for the equilibrium of the cantilevered part of the building, as demonstrated by the nonlinear finite element study and in-situ investigations.
Morphological identification of Skrjabinisakis Mozgovoi, 1951 (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in Kogia sima (Cetacea: Kogiidae) from Brazilian waters
Authors: Pinheiro Raul Henrique da Silva , Bezerra Andréa Magalhães , Giese Elane Guerreiro
Published: November 2023

Abstract New morphological, morphometric and scanning electron microscopy data of a nematode of the family Anisakidae, recovered from a specimen of Kogia sima, a cetacean that died off the northern coast of Brazil, are presented in this paper. Morphological features such as the violin-shaped ventricle and short and equal spicules, as well as the distribution of post-cloacal papillae and specificity for the definitive host (Kogiidae cetaceans) demonstrate similarity to Skrjabinisakis paggiae. This research records Kogia sima and S. paggiae on the estuarine coast of Pará, northern Brazil.
Composition and structure of the benthic diatom community from salt marshes of southern Brazil and their relationship to environmental variables
Authors: Talgatti Dávia Marciana , Costa Cesar Serra Bonifácio , Canani Luís Gustavo de Castro , Laughinghouse IV Haywood Dail , Torgan Lezilda Carvalho
Published: November 2023

Abstract: Aim This study focused on the spatiotemporal variation of the benthic diatom community structure in salt marshes from the Patos Lagoon estuary and their relationship with environmental variables. Methods Samplings were carried out in the winter of 2010 and summer of 2011 (during El Niño and La Niña) in sites with different sediment granulometry, salinity, and distances from the Atlantic Ocean. The surface sediment was collected using a core (10 cm in diameter and 2 cm in depth) and the benthic diatoms were removed following the Trapping method, allowing the observation of live diatoms. Results The richness values (18 and 48 taxa), evenness (0.41 and 0.68), and Shannon diversity indices (2.02 and 3.31 bits/ind.) variations were not significative between the sites and seasons, although temperature and salinity differed significatively between winter and summer. However, the diatom's composition and distribution were related to temperature, salinity, and sediment particle size. Mainly the species Hippodonta hungarica, Luticola simplex Navicula cf. cryptotenelloides, N. erifuga, N. jacobii, Nitzschia filiformis var. conferta, Planothidium frequentissimum and Tryblionella calida were associated with lower temperature and lower salinity in the winter. The species Navicula cf. cryptocephala, N. phylleptosomaformis, Nitzschia pusilla, N. frustulum, N. scalpelliformis and Pseudostaurosiropsis geocollegarum were associated with higher temperature and higher salinity in the summer. Birraphid diatom taxa, mainly species of the genus Navicula and Nitzschia, were frequent or abundant in sandy sediments, and monoraphids, such as Planothidium frequentissimum, were frequent in sites where silt and clay predominated. Conclusions The composition of the benthic diatoms revealed variation between the sites in the winter and summer seasons, during El Niño and La Niña episodes. In winter, high rainfall and freshwater runoff maintained oligohaline condition in the marshes, while in summer, flooding with meso-poly-euhaline waters changed the diatom composition. The granulometry was an important factor in explaining the distribution of the birraphid and monorhapid taxa.
THERMODYNAMICS ANALYSIS OF CASSON HYBRID NANOFLUID FLOW OVER A POROUS RIGA PLATE WITH SLIP EFFECT
Authors: Upreti Himanshu , Mishra Satyaranjan R. , Pandey Alok Kumar , Pattnaik Pradyumna K.
Published: November 2023

The main objective of this work is to examine the nature of heat transfer and thermodynamics on Darcy-Forchheimer
flow over porous Riga plate using Casson hybrid nanofluid. The impact of external forces, i.e., slip velocity and magnetic field are discussed for pure fluid, nanofluid, and hybrid nanofluid. The Hamilton-Crosser model of thermal conductivity is applied for the nanofluid as well as hybrid nanofluid. The existing nonlinear partial differential equations are solved by Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg technique. The present code is validated numerically with previous works and
found in good agreement with them. The results affirm that all fluids velocities declined with increase in Casson factor values. Moreover, increasing magnetization, the entropy profiles are depreciated significantly for the case of pure fluid, nanofluid, and hybrid nanofluid. This comparative study reveals that hybrid nanofluid dominates on both nanofluid and pure fluid.
Ablation of Long Noncoding RNA Hoxb3os Exacerbates Cystogenesis in Mouse Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: Weisser Ivan , Eckberg Kara , D'Amico Stephen , Buttram Daniel , Aboudehen Karam
Published: November 2023

Significance Statement

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of nonprotein coding RNAs with pivotal functions in development and disease. They have emerged as an exciting new drug target category for many common conditions. However, the role of lncRNAs in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) has been understudied. This study provides evidence implicating a lncRNA in the pathogenesis of ADPKD. We report that Hoxb3os is downregulated in ADPKD and regulates mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/Akt pathway in the in vivo mouse kidney. Ablating the expression of Hoxb3os in mouse polycystic kidney disease (PKD) activated mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) signaling and exacerbated the cystic phenotype. The results from our study provide genetic proof of concept for future studies that focus on targeting lncRNAs as a treatment option in PKD.

Background

ADPKD is a monogenic disorder characterized by the formation of kidney cysts and is primarily caused by mutations in two genes, PKD1 and PKD2.

Methods

In this study, we investigated the role of lncRNA Hoxb3os in ADPKD by ablating its expression in the mouse.

Results

Hoxb3os-null mice were viable and had grossly normal kidney morphology but displayed activation of mTOR/Akt signaling and subsequent increase in kidney cell proliferation. To determine the role of Hoxb3os in cystogenesis, we crossed the Hoxb3os-null mouse to two orthologous Pkd1 mouse models: Pkhd1/Cre; Pkd1

F/F
(rapid cyst progression) and Pkd1

RC/RC
(slow cyst progression). Ablation of Hoxb3os exacerbated cyst growth in both models. To gain insight into the mechanism whereby Hoxb3os inhibition promotes cystogenesis, we performed western blot analysis of mTOR/Akt pathway between Pkd1 single-knockout and Pkd1-Hoxb3os double-knockout (DKO) mice. Compared with single-knockout, DKO mice presented with enhanced levels of total and phosphorylated Rictor. This was accompanied by increased phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473, a known mTORC2 effector site. Physiologically, kidneys from DKO mice displayed between 50% and 60% increase in cell proliferation and cyst number.

Conclusions

The results from this study indicate that ablation of Hoxb3os in mouse PKD exacerbates cystogenesis and dysregulates mTORC2.
History of Singapore’s Economic Miracle
Authors: Roschupkina Elena
Published: November 2023

The article reviews the monograph "Singapore: Economic History" by Mariya G. Osipova, research fellow of the Centre for Southeast Asia, Australia and Oceania of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The author has managed to show consistently, step by step, the economic development of Singapore during two centuries, disclose both objective and subjective circumstances that led to the transformation of Singapore from a British colony into an innovative and financial hub of the world. At the same time, M.G. Osipova can be called a pioneer in the study of Singapore's economic development in the post-Soviet academic space. It is noted that the value of the monograph is not only to disclose the mechanism of rapid economic growth of Singapore in a short historical period, but also to conclude that the main secret of its "economic miracle" is the creation of a unique national economic model, based on the careful consideration of specific historical conditions of development of Singapore society, its national, religious and cultural characteristics.
Actualization of Economic Ideas of P.A. Kropotkin in the 21st Century
Authors: Sukhikh Vasily , Vazhenin Serghey
Published: November 2023

Kropotkin, thanks to his encyclopedic knowledge, was able to create a whole body of works, laying a comprehensive scientific foundation for anarchism and studying possible ways of practical implementation of anarchist ideas. Kropotkin’s economic ideas were kept in secret for a long time and were inaccessible to the Russian reader. Now, Kropotkin’s books stir constant and increasing interest among domestic economists. The relevance and prospects of Kropotkin’s approach to understanding the importance of mutual assistance in the economy, his research on ethics and collaboration, are highly appreciated. With the development of digital technologies, Kropotkin’s ideas about voluntary collaboration and altruism are being embodied in the practice of networking. Kropotkin’s views on the shortcomings of public administration, on the importance of cooperation and self-sufficiency of regions, on the perniciousness of specialization and division of labor are becoming particularly relevant today. It is necessary to note the importance of Kropotkin’s Siberian work experience in the formation of his worldview and teaching. It can be stated that Kropotkin returns to us as an actual thinker and economist, and his ideas about mutual aid, cooperation, community federations, regional independence, interregional collaboration, etc. will be increasingly in demand by both scientists and practitioners of social and economic management.
Demographic History of Khakassia
Authors: Tsykunov Grigory
Published: November 2023

The monograph is devoted to the study of the formation of the population of Khakassia from the end of the 19th century to modern times. The article notes that rapid population growth was associated with periods of industrial development of the region, primarily with the beginning of the creation of the Sayan territorial-production complex and its industrial hubs. Population dynamics show that the formation of the population was mainly due to the migration flow from the regions of Eastern Siberia. The author analyzes the age-sex structure of the population and notes a constant decrease in the number of men. The article pays much attention to the issues of the natural movement of the population of Khakassia, stating the low birth rate and high mortality rate of the population. Based on numerous statistical data, the author examines the problems of migration of the population of the republic, including in recent decades, and analyzes the sources of the migration process of population growth. In the finale, the author raises the question of the demographic security of the republic and proposes the use of individual indicators to assess its level.
The political economy of political corruption in 21st century Africa: Perspectives from Cameroon and South Africa
Authors: Munyai Anzanilufuno , Ashukem Jean-claude N
Published: November 2023

AAFrom ancient to modern times, corruption has plagued human civilisation. Its existence confirms that it has been integrated into the social fabric of global society and become a vice of governance. Corruption has dual implications: the direct financial benefit for the perpetrators due to the misuse of entrusted power, which raises the issue of accountability; and the deprivation to society of the allocation of resources. Political corruption results in large amounts of public funds being systematically siphoned off at the expense of society, and against the dictates of the constitutional values of transparency and accountability. For South Africa and Cameroon, political corruption continues to impede growth and development, despite the prevalence of anti-corruption mechanisms in these countries. From a comparative perspective, we investigate the scale and consequence of political corruption in South Africa and Cameroon to analyse the existing anti-corruption mechanisms, strategies and regimes in the two countries in combatting political corruption. We further analyse how and to what extent courts, particularly the Special Crime Court in Cameroon, have been able to address the issue. Furthermore, we demonstrate the similarities between high-level abuse of power in South Africa and Cameroon, notwithstanding existing anticorruption mechanisms. We conclude that a proactive system of checks and balances is urgently required to quench the growing cancerous phenomenon of political corruption in Africa, specifically in Cameroon and South Africa.
Rethinking support for university teachers in the context of decolonising higher education: The role of academic developers
Authors: Mgqwashu Emmanuel Mfanafuthi
Published: November 2023

The diverse histories of each of the three formerly different higher education institutions that became NorthWest University (NWU) continue to encourage academic developers to think strategically on effective ways to offer responsive academic development support to the students and academic staff. Tasked with a mandate to render academic development support to academic staff, postgraduate, and undergraduate students to achieve equity (not equality) of outcomes, NWU's Faculty Teaching and Learning Support (FTLS) directorate continues to rethink its strategy and approach in fulfilling its mandate long after the merging of the three historically different institutions on 1 January 2004. The directorate understands that there are common, fundamental, and core student academic development and support, and academic professional development needs across the three campuses that should be aligned, yet our engagement has shown repeatedly that such support is always situational and, inadvertently, contextual. Drawing on New Literacy Studies as theoretical lens to advance its argument, this paper used the literature review method to present the rationale for a restructured FTLS work strategy at NWU to respond better to demands for supporting the academic project in the context of decolonising higher education.
A Remarkable Triumph of the 2023 Oral & Dental Health Congress & Exhibition
Authors: Makhubele KC
Published: November 2023

I am honoured to share with you a comprehensive report on the South African Dental Association’s (SADA) standout event of the year, the SADA Oral & Dental Health Congress & Exhibition, which took place from August 25th to 27th, 2023, at the Cape Town International Convention Centre (CTICC).
Restorative considerations in children with congenital dental anomalies
Authors: Sykes Leanne , Mkhonza Londiwe
Published: November 2023

Children with congenital dental manifestations may have to endure challenges due to their abnormal tooth development, altered skeletal growth, compromised masticatory and speech function and poor aesthetics. This may further lead to psychosocial problems. These children may have deficient ridge height and volume in edentulous areas, missing teeth, malformed or malpositioned teeth and often the added complication of xerostomia. These anomalies complicate conventional treatment and have led clinicians to consider alternative restorative treatment options. Recent literature suggests that Osseo integrated implant therapy may be a viable option for children with congenital dental defects. However, studies are scarce, with no standardization of success or survival criteria, and little long-term follow-up results. This paper explores the various restorative options and highlights the need for a multidisciplinary team. approach.
Bacterial contamination of curing light guides: prevalence and students’ knowledge and awareness of measures to maintain sterility
Authors: Motlhake D , Mthethwa SR , Sekati EM
Published: November 2023

It is generally accepted that inadequately sterilized dental curing light guides pose risks of infection and cross contamination.To determine the presence and level of bacterial contamination among curing light guides used by students during patient care at a dental school in South Africa and to describe students’ knowledge and awareness of measures used to maintain their sterility. A two-part descriptive study consisting of microbiological testing and a cross-sectional survey. Swabs were collected from curing light guide tips before and after use for aerobic culture and a questionnaire was used to collect data pertaining to students’ knowledge and awareness of measures used to maintain their sterility. The prevalence of contamination increased after use (54.5% vs 45.5%). Grades of bacterial growth higher than 1+ were not detected. Isolated bacteria were contaminants. The response rate for the questionnaire was 42.5%. Fifth-year students were overall more knowledgeable than fourth-year students (81.6% vs 67.5%) and were more aware of the existence of the different types of disposable barriers (27.5% vs 12.8%) and the impact of infection control barriers on curing light intensity (52.4% vs 15%). Contamination occurred despite high levels of knowledge and awareness of the risk.
Diversidade na formação em saúde: vivências de estudantes de graduação de uma universidade federal
Authors: Silva Caroline Izabela , Sevilha Stofel Natália , Borges Flávio Adriano , Teixeira Irai Maria de Campos , Salim Natália Rejane
Published: November 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: A temática da diversidade no ensino superior ainda se mostra em grande parte ausente. Nesse contexto, as políticas de Ações Afirmativas passaram a mobilizar de forma mais intensa a necessidade de repensar a formação superior. Surge, assim, o debate sobre a necessidade de repensar a formação e os projetos políticos pedagógicos dos cursos de graduação. OBJETIVO: Este estudo buscou compreender como a temática da diversidade está presente nos cursos de graduação da área da saúde de uma universidade federal, por meio de vivências de estudantes do último ano da graduação. MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa. Como ferramenta de coleta de dados foi utilizada a entrevista semiestruturada com roteiro de questões norteadoras. Participaram do estudo sete estudantes dos cursos de Enfermagem, Fisioterapia, Terapia Ocupacional e Medicina de uma universidade federal. RESULTADOS: Mostrou-se os sentidos das temáticas da diversidade na formação em saúde. Revelaram as fragilidades na falta de garantia desses temas de forma transversal durante a graduação. Um dos pontos evidenciados é a presença da diversidade no espaço universitário como forma de mobilização e mudanças no ensino. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: O estudo mostrou a necessidade da elaboração de estratégias que garantam a discussão das temáticas de diversidade na formação em saúde de forma institucionalizada, bem como parte integrante do projeto mais amplo da universidade.
ITS amplicon computational workflow v1
Authors: Zahn Geoff
Published: November 2023

Many research questions in plant science depend on surveys of the plant microbiome. When the questions depend on answering "who is there" rather than "what are they doing," the most cost-effective method for interrogating microbiomes is often via targeted meta-amplicon surveys. There are numerous platforms for processing and analyzing meta-amplicon data sets, but here we will look at a flexible, reproducible, and fully customizable pipeline in the R environment. This approach has the benefit of being able to process and analyze your data in the same setting, without moving back and forth between standalone platforms, and further benefits from being completely flexible in terms of analyses and visualizations you can produce, without being limited to pre-selected tools available in point-and-click analysis engines, such as QIIME, Galaxy, or MG-RAST.
Development and Effectiveness of the Stunting Prevention Counseling Training Module on the Knowledge and Attitudes of Health Cadres in the Kinovaro Health Center Work Area
Authors: Tampake Rina , Mangundap Selvi Alfrida , Ra'bung Alfrida Semuel
Published: November 2023

Background: Stunting is a nutritional growth and development disorder in toddlers which is still a national and global problem. Indonesia ranks 5th in the incidence of stunting in the world. Results of Regional Health Research The prevalence of stunting among children under five in Indonesia has decreased from 37.2% in 2013 to 33.6% in 2016 to 30.8% in 2018. (2,3) Meanwhile, based on SSGBI results in 2019, stunting has decreased to 27.67%. Purpose: This research aims to develop a stunting prevention counseling training module for health cadres. This research is a type of development research (Research and Development) referring to the ADDIE development model including (1) Analysis (Analysis), (2) Design (Design), (3) Development (Development), (4) Implementation (Implementation), (5) Evaluation. The subjects of this research included 3 material experts, 2 media experts, and 30 health cadres in the Kinivaro Health Center work area.  Methods: The object of this research is the Stunting Prevention Module Anthology Counseling for Health Cadres. The instruments used to assess the feasibility of the module include a feasibility assessment sheet by a material expert, a feasibility assessment sheet by a media expert, and a health response questionnaire regarding the use of the module. Results: The results of the research show that the Stunting Prevention Module Anthology Counseling for Health Cadres which was developed is suitable for use as a medium in providing stunting prevention counseling for Health cadres to pregnant and breastfeeding mothers based on the overall average aspect score obtained by material experts of 9.35 in the category feasible, the overall average aspect score by media experts was 6.50 in the very feasible category, and the overall average aspect score by health responses to the module was 97.42 in the very feasible category. Results: This research module development stage so it is recommended that this research can be continued on different subjects/samples in order to obtain information related to the effectiveness of the module developed in increasing the knowledge and attitudes of Health cadres in preventing stunting.
Studies on Characteristic of Extracellular L–Glutaminase and Identification of L-Glutaminase Producing Bacterial Strain from Cattle Feeding Farm of Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Maharashtra State, India
Authors: Bhalchandra B. Waykar  , Namekar Trupti , Rajendra A. Satpute  , Dinesh S. Kharate
Published: November 2023

L-glutaminase is gaining marked importance due to its potential clinical applications. A variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, yeast, and lamentous fungi, from soil habitat have been reported to produce L-glutaminase. The present investigation was carried out to isolate and screening of L-glutamiase producing bacteria from soil samples of cattle feeding sites. Among twenty three soil samples of cattle feeding farms around Aurangabad, nineteen bacteria’s were isolated. From that one isolate (AGT-19) that showed significant L-glutaminase activity. Morphological characteristics and 16S rRNA sequencing were used for phylogenetic analysis to identified strain AGT-19 as Kurthia gibsonii. Moreover, Kurthia gibsonii was grown in a medium containing 2.5% succinate and 2.5% L-glutamine showed significant activity of L-glutaminase (0.079 U/mg). The optimum conditions for L-glutaminase production were temperature was 39°C and pH was 7.0. The present isolation of K. gibsonii from cattle feeding site indicated that this bacterium is suitably adapted to the environment of excretion and to point of forming a microbiota in the fecal product. It revealed that soil of cattle feeding farm has diverse bacterial strains and its habitat nature allowed the bacteria expressed the protease activity.
Vitronectin and Fetuin-A: Newfangled Glycoproteins in Periodontits and Coronary Artery Diseases: A Narrative Review
Authors: H Dave Pavithra Pavithra H Dave , Mahendra Jaideep Mahendra , Lakshmi Priya K Lakshmi Priya , Namasivayam Ambalavanan , Muskan Bedi Muskan Bedi , Hussain Sajid T Hussain , Lasitha Lasitha NK , Dhanya MS Dhanya MS , Manjusha K Manjusha K , Aswathi RK Aswathi RK , Raveendran Rachana Raveendran , Roy Dr. Dinesh Roy D
Published: November 2023

Periodontitis, an intricate inflammatory condition impacting oral support structures, is increasingly recognized as a potential contributor to systemic ailments, notably cardiovascular diseases. Its pathophysiology involves the release of inflammatory molecules like cytokines and chemokines, exacerbating conditions like atherosclerosis. Within this complex web of inflammation, glycoproteins like vitronectin and fetuin-A have emerged as pivotal players, with vitronectin's multifunctional roles in cellular processes and fetuin-A's influence on metabolic pathways. Understanding their involvement in periodontitis and cardiovascular disorders offers promise in leveraging them as diagnostic biomarkers, potentially enhancing disease management and prevention.
Genetic Doping in Sports: A Biological and Legal Examination!
Authors: Prathyusha Samvedam  , Hiranmaya Nanda
Published: November 2023

Doping is commonly perceived as a moral and ethical violation. This matter is of global significance. Doping is the illicit use of certain substances and methods to enhance sports performance and stamina. This is accomplished by consuming these medications, which enhance the body's ability to supply a larger quantity of oxygenation to the muscles. However, the ingestion of these chemicals has a multitude of detrimental effects on an individual's well-being, encompassing but not restricted to infections, allergies, cardiovascular diseases, ischemic stroke, pulmonary embolism, hypertension, acne, male erectile dysfunction, and disturbances in women's menstrual cycles. Therefore, doping can directly impact sporting events. The ongoing development of novel drug delivery techniques presents a formidable obstacle to the battle against doping, rendering it progressively arduous for experts to detect these chemicals and medications. The government must remain updated on the latest advancements in chemicals and pharmaceuticals, and implement steps to regulate their usage to ensure fair competition. This article aims to comprehensively examine the practices of gene doping in athletics, with a specific emphasis on their biological and legal examination.
Optimization of Intracranial Hemorrhage Using CT Scan Images and Feature Extraction
Authors: K. Somasundaram  , R. Sathish Kumar  , S. Sanjayprabu  , R. Karthikamani  , S. Sivasankar
Published: November 2023

Intracranial bleeding is among the most severe forms of brain stroke. The neurologic effects and artery rupture cause bleeding in the brain and the tissue around it. Haemorrhage is classified based on where the bleeding occurs on the brain. This paper depicts the application of multiple machine-learning approaches to separate CT scan images into normal and pathological categories. Separate analysis is conducted on the functionality of the features extracted from the various texturing approaches, such as the Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Grey Level Run-Length Matrix (GRLM). Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) and K-Nearest Neighbours are used to choose relevant characteristics that increase the classification accuracy for feature extraction. The findings demonstrate that these texture features have excellent discrimination accuracy
Surgical Management of Lumbar Spine Fractures and Dislocations
Authors: Elsayed Shaheen  , Mashael Sultan Alsadoon  , Muath Mohammed S. Almuqhim  , Abdullah Atiah Alotaibi  , Abdullah Waleed Bormah  , Fatema Mohamed Naser  , Sultan, Yasser Ahmad M  , Fares Hamed A Alsharari  , Sakabomi,Duoaa Mohammad  , Muslem Mohammad Al Shakhs  , Mahdi Riyadh Alameer  , Ghidaa Ahmed M Altowyrqi  , Faris Hassan Alansari
Published: November 2023

Background: Lumbar spine fractures and dislocations, which are part of the thoracolumbar region, are critical injuries with significant morbidity. The epidemiological shift in the median age of injury and the high prevalence of these injuries, particularly in the T10-L2 region, highlight the necessity for effective therapeutic interventions. With advancements in spine biomechanics, imaging technologies, and surgical techniques, there has been a paradigm shift from conservative to surgical management, though high-quality comparative studies remain limited. Objective: To synthesize recent data on the epidemiology, evaluation, and management of lumbar spine fractures and dislocations, and to elucidate the comparative efficacy of surgical interventions and conservative approaches in optimizing patient outcomes. Method: This paper conducts a comprehensive review of epidemiological data on thoracolumbar traumatic injuries, diagnostic techniques, and management strategies, especially focusing on surgical interventions. The review also details specific surgical techniques utilized for lumbar spine fractures and their underlying rationale. Findings and Conclusion: Thoracolumbar injuries primarily affect the transitional zone (T11-L2) and show a higher incidence in males aged between 20 and 40. Imaging, especially CT scans, offers a definitive diagnostic approach, with MRI providing insights on soft tissue interactions. While historically, conservative methods dominated therapeutic interventions, surgical techniques, including Posterior Instrumentation, Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (ALIF), Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF), and Posterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion (PLIF), are increasingly being utilized. Some specific fractures even warrant a combined posterior-anterior surgical approach. Notably, certain case studies highlight the potential for superior outcomes with surgical intervention, even in the absence of neurological deficits. Selecting the appropriate management strategy should be tailored to individual patient factors, nature of the injury, and available expertise and resources.
Water supply to lettuce by capillary rise of the water table
Authors: Martins Araújo Eliakim , Távora Costa Raimundo Nonato , Gonçalves Nunes Kenya , Oliveira da Silva Alexsandro , Carvalho de Sousa Carlos Henrique , Martins Araújo Efraim
Published: November 2023

Brazil has significant potential for floodplain areas which are suitable for cultivation after the rainy season, with water supply from the water table. Short-cycle crops with shallow root systems are more suitable for these conditions. On this subject, the objective of this study was to determine the responses of the lettuce crop to rising damp rates and water table depth levels. The variables of production, gas exchange, and SEW30 values (sum of excess water above 0.30 m depth) were analyzed. A physical model of seven drainage lysimeters was used; in six, the only water supply occurred by capillary rise from the water table (0.10; 0.15; 0.20; 0.25; 0.30 and 0.35 m depth) and, in the remaining lysimeter, irrigation was performed with no water table. The water table level maintained at 0.20 m from the soil surface was able to supply the water demanded by a sandy soil. The factor-product ratio indicates this depth as the most viable option in terms of crop response. Among the analyzed cultivars and under conditions of excess water in the soil, preference should be given to the establishment of the Gloriosa cultivar, for higher yields.
Integral representations of conformal cylindrical microstrip radiators radiation fields
Authors: Klyuev D.S. , Krivobokov E.E. , Neshcheret A.M. , Sushko I.V. , Hazhinov V.V.
Published: November 2023

The article is devoted to the development of a method of integral representations of electric and magnetic field strengths of conformal cylindrical microstrip emitters. The proposed integral representations, when the corresponding boundary conditions on the surface of the emitters are substituted in them, turn into a singular (hypersingular) integral equation, the numerical solution of which is a mathematically correct problem. The proposed method makes it possible to conduct electrodynamic analysis of conformal cylindrical microstrip emitting structures very effectively, to determine such characteristics as the distribution of the radiation field in space, the radiation pattern, the directional coefficient, the current distribution across the emitters, the input impedance, the polarization characteristic, etc.
Polarization adaptation based on a UHF triorthogonal element
Authors: Bondar P.I. , Buzov A.L. , Nosov N.A. , Minkin M.A.
Published: November 2023

Currently, the problem of further increasing the efficiency of using the frequency resource and the bandwidth of UHF radio links remains relevant, including on the basis of operational adaptation of the characteristics of antenna-feeder devices. The article considered approaches to building a UHF antenna system based on a triorthogonal antenna element with the possibility of polarization adaptation. The proposed antenna system will effectively compensate for the effects of depolarization on the propagation paths of radio waves and increase the signal/(noise+interference) ratio, including in a difficult interference environment.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Aromatherapy Massage with Ginger and Sesame Oil on Joint Pain and Stiffness in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Forg Ahmad Nasiri , Hayati Somayeh , Manzour Rezvaneh , Saedikia Azam , Taraghi Nahid Salehi Mashhad , Atabati Elham
Published: November 2023

Background: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of aromatherapy massage with ginger and sesame oil on joint pain and stiffness in patients with knee joint osteoarthritis. Methods: This study was performed as a single-blind randomized clinical trial. Ninety patients with osteoarthritis were selected via convenience sampling from patients referring to rheumatology clinics affiliated with Birjand University of Medical Sciences. The subjects were randomly assigned into three groups: massage with oils ginger and sesame, and a control group (no massage). Symptoms were assessed using the Western Ontario McMaster Universities Arthritis Scale (WOMAC) index at baseline at three stages after the intervention (immediately, two weeks, and four weeks). Data analysis was performed with SPSS19 using Chisquare, Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: The findings of the study revealed that the mean pain scores in the ginger and sesame oil groups had a decreasing course before and immediately after the intervention compared to 2 weeks after the intervention. However, the changes in mean score showed an increase again 4 weeks after the intervention (P<0.001). The mean score of joint stiffness in the ginger group suggested a decreasing course before intervention compared to immediately after and two weeks after intervention but showed an increase in changes in the mean score four weeks after intervention (P<0.001). Moreover, the mean score of joint stiffness showed a decreasing course in the sesame group before intervention compared to immediately after intervention but showed an increase in the mean score again two weeks and four weeks after intervention (P<0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated that aromatherapy massage with ginger and sesame oils are both effective in improving joint pain and stiffness in patients with osteoarthritis; nonetheless, ginger is more effective in improving joint stiffness in patients with osteoarthritis. Moreover, ginger oil is more stable than sesame oil.
The Potential of Herbal Management in Gallstone (Pittashmari) – A Case Study
Authors: Sonalkar Ashwini Dhananjay , Changade Jayshree V. , Jain Dipa Ashok
Published: November 2023

In India, cholelithiasis (gallstones) is now the leading problem. Some patients have a single gallstone, while others develop multiple gallstones at the same time. It could be as big as a golf ball or as small as a grain of sand. The risk factors for gallstones include middle age, inconsistent eating patterns, extended fasting, and metabolic syndrome. Surgical treatment is usually required, such as the removal of the entire gall bladder (cholecystectomy). In Ayurveda, it is not texted directly. There is a description of ashmari (urinary calculi), so by considering the symptoms and pathology of cholelithiasis, it can be correlated with pittashmari, as that site was given for Accha pitta according to the Ayurvedic classics. Pittashamri pathophysiology includes kapha-pitta vitiation and an obstructed Vayu marga (path). A 40-year-old male patient complained of pain in the upper abdomen along with bloating, chest discomfort, and constipation for the past 6 months. The patient had been taking modern medications. But patient experienced only temporary relief of symptoms. So, the patient came to the OPD for Ayurvedic treatment. Investigating with ultrasound, the patient was diagnosed with cholelithiasis and treated purely with herbal drugs as the patient was unaffordable. Pittarechaka (cholagogue), yakruta-pleehaghna, ashmarighna, and drugs with choleretic properties, such as kokilaksha, haritaki, bhumyamalaki, and rohitakarishta, were chosen. Within 15 days, the patient’s symptoms had significantly improved. The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) was used to assess abdominal pain. A reduction in the size of the gallstone was seen within three months, and a completely normal ultrasound after one year, as discussed here.
Natural Remedies for Onychomycosis: A Review
Authors: Talele Chitrali R. , Talele Dipali R. , Barhate Gargee , Bendre Vasudev , Marda Vedant , Khandelwal Chirag
Published: November 2023

Onychomycosis, a fungus that causes nail colouring, nail separation, and nail plate growth, has infected the nail unit. There is a chance that the nail structure, nail bed, or nail layer could be infected. The term “onychomycosis” derives from the Greek words “onyx” (nail) and “mykes” (fungus). Around 50% of all consultations for nail diseases are for onychomycosis, the most common nail infection disorder. About 90% of toenail onychomycosis and 75% of fingernail onychomycosis are caused by dermophytes like Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. About 70% of yeast-borne onychomycosis cases are caused by Candida albicans. Epidemiological studies that have just been released estimate that onychomycosis affects every community worldwide at a rate of about 5.5 per cent. Onychomycosis is managed in different ways based on clinical categorization, the number of damaged nails, and the severity of the condition. The disadvantages of treatment are that oral therapies are frequently limited by drug interactions and probable hepatotoxicity, and topical antifungals have low efficacy if administered without nail plate biosurgery. The use of plants in medical treatments and herbal therapies is one of the less harmful, cheaper, and widely available alternatives to synthetic pharmaceuticals for treating fungal infections. Undoubtedly, dermatophytes can be inhibited by plant-based extracts as well as essential oils’ antifungal activities.
Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of Nutraceutical Effervescent Granules Containing Curcumin and Ascorbic Acid by Fusion Technique Using Full Factorial Design
Authors: Jadav Manisha , Vikas Pal  , Pandit Himanshi , Suthar Nikhil , Pithadia Anand , Jha Lalit Lata
Published: November 2023

Recent studies suggest that curcumin has potent immunological activity in combination with ascorbic acid. Hence, research was carried out to formulate effervescent granules of curcumin and ascorbic acid as preventive measures for COVID-19. Thirteen formulas (F1 to F13) were prepared by applying 32 full factorial designs by applying the fusion method using Stat-Ease Design-Expert v7.0.0 software. Here, a complex of hydroxypropyl beta-cyclodextrin and curcumin was prepared by lyophilization technique to improve the solubility of curcumin. Citric acid, tartaric acid, sodium bicarbonate, polyethylene glycol, and sorbitol were used in the formulation of effervescent granules. Evaluation studies were carried out for all 13 formulas, including compatibility study, flowability study and effervescence time. The results show that granules have excellent flow property with an appropriate bulk density and tapped density for the uniting dose. The FTIR study also indicates that there is no interaction between excipients. The effervescence time is less than 3 minutes for all the batches. Formula 4 shows the best effervescence. This research article covers the development of effervescent granules containing curcumin, which has antiviral properties (both through direct movement on viruses and through modulating the immune system). With the pandemic of coronavirus that we are facing, curcumin and ascorbic acid can provide us protection against COVID-19 by keeping our immunity up and protecting against the onslaught of infections.
Role of Phytoflavonoids in the Management of Anxiety and Depression: An Overview
Authors: Mazumder Avijit , Khan Arbaz , Saini Jatin
Published: November 2023

The main global health issue, anxiety, and depression have significant psychological, social, and financial repercussions. It promotes an anticipatory and adaptable reaction to difficult or stressful situations. When anxiety is excessive, it destabilizes the person, which leads to a dysfunctional state. In the absence of intense situations, it’s a pathological state. It comprises posttraumatic stress disorder, general anxiety, aversion to social situations, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and panic disorder. Some people think about using natural therapies as an alternative to anxiety drugs because they may cause negative side effects. Due to their natural origins and lack of adverse effects, these medications and herbal medicine are becoming more and more popular in both developed and developing nations. Minerals, organic matter, and medicinal plants are the sources of many traditional remedies. Alkaloids, also saponins, glycosides, flavonoids, which, etc. are all present. The goal of this summary is to provide in-depth knowledge about the many phytoconstituents that have the potential to reduce anxiety and play a significant role in CNS activity.
A Critical Review on the Role of Camel Milk in Multiple Health Outcomes
Authors: Das Saumya , Mazumder Avijit , Dogra Anchit
Published: November 2023

Camel milk has been demonstrated to be effective in treating a broad range of illnesses. Camel’s milk is regarded to have therapeutic properties because of its unique composition. Some people consider camel milk to be a precious commodity. White camel milk is made by combining fat and water. Several clinical studies have shown that camel’s milk is effective in treating a broad variety of diseases, including chronic ones. Most of the medicinal advantages of camel milk are included in this study. Camel Milk ingredients and qualities are similar to those found in mother’s milk, making it superior than cow’s milk. Insulin-like and protective proteins are found in abundance, along with lactose, which is the primary carbohydrate. It has anti-tumor qualities, and the robust immune system components assist combat disorders, including diabetes, autism, and diarrhea. It has been used by Nomads and Bedouins (Arabian tribals) for millennia because of these properties. The main objective of this review article is to demonstrate its various pharmacological roles. Camel’s milk is regarded as a vast medicinal property, as it contains a unique composition of bioactive moieties like lactose, proteins (Lactoferrin, Lactoperoxidase, Insulin, Casein), vitamins (A, B1, B2, C, D, E), minerals (Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc and copper) carbohydrates etc. Most of the medicinal advantages of camel milk are covered in this paper, like its role in the management of autism, Crohn’s disease, allergic conditions, Hepatitis B and C, as antiviral and antibacterial agent. Hence, this study was planned to collect the updated latest information regarding use of camel’s milk, which will be very beneficial in the field of medicines and managing various ailments for the benefit of mankind.
Conventional Remedy to Lou Gehrig’s Disease - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): A Rare Clinical Entity
Authors: Gupta Deepak , Shiralkar Mayur , Chaudhari Vaishali
Published: November 2023

Lou Gehrig’s disease, commonly known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, is an incredibly rare clinical condition that affects about 5 in 100,000 people annually in India, making it one of the rarest diseases in the entire world. With an average age of 55, this disease typically impacts people between the ages of 40 and 70. Males are more prone to develop the condition. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting primarily the motor system, but in which extramotor manifestations are increasingly recognized. The loss of upper and lower motor neurons in the motor cortex, the brain stem nuclei and the anterior horn of the spinal cord gives rise to progressive muscle weakness and wasting. Typically, patients report difficulties swallowing or a shift in voice pitch while speaking due to tongue involvement. Initial ALS symptoms can resemble those of other neuromuscular illnesses and are completely non-specific. In this case report, we described a 44-year-old gentleman who has been diagnosed with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in accordance to an MRI scan describing symptoms like unable to speak, reduced tongue movements, trouble swallowing, excessive salivation, swelling over the tongue and loss of tongue tone for the past three to four months. The present study discusses the clinical presentation, diagnosis, therapeutic regimen and prognosis. Both allopathic and ayurvedic oral medications with local therapeutic regimens like Jivha Pratisarana (Rubbing of dry powder on tongue) and Nasya (nasal drops of medicated oil) were employed in the patient which have satisfactory results enhancing for betterment of lifestyle.