bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diseño artesanal de tapabocas producto de la pandemia COVID-19. Una perspectiva Etnomatemática
Authors: Jaraba-Salcedo Nicanor , Martínez-Fonseca Rafael , Aroca-Araújo Armando
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: describir la geometría y procesos de medición desarrollados en el diseño y medición en un caso de confección artesanal de tapabocas que emergió en medio de la COVID-19. Método: La metodología empleó un enfoque cualitativo utilizando un diseño etnográfico con un análisis descriptivo, por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación participante. Se analizaron dos prácticas artesanales de modistas que laboran en talleres de confección ubicados en la ciudad de Barranquilla y Soledad, Atlántico, Colombia Resultados: Entre los resultados encontrados se describieron aspectos geométricos tales como la medición de longitudes en la tela, estimaciones de cantidades de piezas de tela a través de operaciones aritméticas, diseño de figuras, comparación de figuras a partir de las medidas de sus lados, construcción de figuras a partir de su área, medida de la superficie de figuras. Discusión y Conclusiones: En el artículo se discute a manera de comparación con respecto de otras investigaciones realizadas sobre las actividades de Diseñar y Medir y finalmente se concluye que se logró describir una geometría que se encuentra inmersa en la práctica de la confección de tapabocas mostrando un potencial aporte a la educación matemática para poblaciones escolares específicas, siendo este uno de los propósitos del Programa Etnomatemática.
Comparison of landmark and real-time ultrasound-guided epidural catheter placement in the pediatric population: a prospective randomized comparative trial
Authors: Mital Tanya , Kamal Manoj , Kumar Mritunjay , Kumar Rakesh , Bhatia Pradeep , Singariya Geeta
Published: October 2021

Background: Epidural block placement in pediatric patients is technically challenging for anesthesiologists. The use of ultrasound (US) for the placement of an epidural catheter has shown promise. We compared landmark-guided and US-guided lumbar or lower thoracic epidural needle placement in pediatric patients.Methods: This prospective, randomized, comparative trial involved children aged 1–6 years who underwent abdominal and thoracic surgeries. Forty-five children were randomly divided into two groups using a computer-generated random number table, and group allocation was performed by the sealed opaque method into either landmark-guided (group LT) or real-time ultrasound-guided (group UT) epidural placement. The primary outcome was a comparison of the procedure time (excluding US probe preparation). Secondary outcomes were the number of attempts (re-insertion of the needle), bone contacts, needle redirection, skin-to-epidural distance using the US in both groups, success rate, and complications.Results: The median (interquartile range [IQR]) time to reach epidural space was 105.5 (297.0) seconds in group LT and 143.0 (150) seconds in group UT; P = 0.407). While the first attempt success rate was higher in the UT group (87.0% in UT vs. 40.9% in LT; P = 0.004), the number of bone contacts, needle redirections, and procedure-related complications were significantly lower. Conclusions: The use of US significantly reduced needle redirection, number of attempts, bone contact, and complications. There was no statistically significant difference in the time to access the epidural space between the US and landmark technique groups.
Speculative vertices, Ogun mythopoesis, and (the) fourth/further stage(s)
Authors: Okoye Chike
Published: October 2021

Wole Soyinka’s seminal essay, “The Fourth Stage: Through the Mysteries of Ogun to the Origin of Yoruba Tragedy” which appears as appendix in his collection of critical essays, Myth, Literature and the African World (1976), has been read and critiqued as an important work of myth, mythopoesis, tragedy and the Yoruba pantheon. To date, no meta-critical study has yet treated the essay as essentially speculative fiction, or as an invented model or construct for variegated possible future applications, or even as an authentic African futuristic artistic invention. This is important in present times as a resurgence of earlier genres and trends populate the literary world, thereby raising the need for underpinnings, connections, projections, and conflations such as this article presents. With the application of archetypal author-, text-, and context-oriented theoretical modes alongside historicity, this essay navigates and re-interrogates “The Fourth Stage” and its numerous critiques in the contexts of Afrofuturism and Africanfuturism, finding it a practical model for African futuristic mytho-cultural and literary productions. I also through this essay expose the multiple areas of possible applications of such inventiveness in the reappraisal and re-interrogation of the problematics and maladies of the postcolony.
Avaliação da escalade design da simulação em acadêmicos de medicina
Authors: Quadros Marina Pereira , Sestelo Maristela Rodrigues , Aleluia Iêda Maria Barbosa
Published: October 2021

INTRODUÇÃO: A simulação realística tem sido um método de aprendizagem amplamente utilizado no Brasil, sobretudo no ensino médico. Para reproduzir os cenários de atuação médica de forma mais fidedigna, o Design da simulação precisa ser bem planejado para levar o aluno ao maior nível de aproveitamento possível. OBJETIVOS: Descrever a avaliação da qualidade das características do desenho do cenário da simulação pelos dos alunos dos cursos de medicina. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, descritivo, de corte transversal realizado com estudantes do curso de medicina, no período de fevereiro de 2019. A amostra final foi de 90 estudantes. A Escala de Design da Simulação foi utilizada para a avaliação da estrutura do cenário da simulação. A partir da escala, as avaliações do Design da simulação pelos alunos foram tabuladas e comparadas através das médias e desvio padrão. RESULTADOS/DISCUSSÃO: Todos os itens analisados da Escala de Design da Simulação, obtiveram resultados positivos na avaliação, assim como a importância da elaboração adequada do Design. Aquele que obteve concordância predominante foi o domínio “Realismo” com média de 4,94 e desvio padrão de 0,20 e importância predominante foi o domínio “Feedback/reflexão”, com média de 4,95 e desvio padrão de 0,16. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados deste estudo indicam percepções predominantemente positivas dos alunos do curso de medicina acerca do design construído para a simulação aplicada e da sua importância para o processo e aprendizagem. Além disso, pode-se de apontar os aspectos que precisam de melhor desenvolvimento e aprimoramento da simulação, assim como ressaltar os pontos positivos de destaque.
Pedagogical impact of internal training applied to the Academic League of Internal and Surgical Medicine
Authors: Do Nascimento João Henrique Fonseca , Tomaz Selton Cavalcante , De Azevedo Alan Rodrigues , Cunha André Gusmão , De Andrade André Bouzas
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION: Academic Leagues of Medicine are extracurricular activities, which recognize the student’s protagonism in knowledge's production, such as training and teaching-learning experiences developed by students.  OBJECTIVE: To assess the training’s efficiency in surgical technique applied at the Academic League of Internal and Surgical Medicine (LAMIC).  METHODS AND MATERIALS: We evaluated the effect of the LAMIC’s training promoted to its associated students, comparing them to a non-exposed group. A questionnaire was used as an evaluation tool. It contained 20 objective questions and all students had up to 30 minutes to answer it. The 60% mark of correct answers was set as a threshold for considering proficient knowledge. For statistical analyses, Mann-Whiney U test and Fisher's exact test were performed, adopting p<0.01 as significant.  RESULTS: Sixty-nine students composed the sample population, whom 24 LAMIC-students were exposed to internal training and 45 non-exposed students. Among LAMIC-students, 91.7% had supraliminal results, while only 2.2% of non-exposed students reached this mark (p<0.01; odds ratio, OR = 354.8). There was statistically significant association between LAMIC-students’ results and good performance in: fundamentals in surgery (p<0.01, OR = 5.0), surgical risk assessment (p<0.01, OR = 3.4), patient (p<0.01, OR = 183.5) and surgical team (p<0.01, OR = 9.6) positioning, surgical center (p<0.01, OR = 84.0), and instrumentation (p<0.01, OR = 125.3).  CONCLUSION: Participation in internal training promoted by the academic league fostered better results in surgical knowledge, corroborating the concept that student’s leadership in teaching experiences may contribute to a better learning experience and medical formation.
VERTIGO IN CHILDHOOD: HOW TO EVALUATE VERTIGINOUS CHILDREN?
Authors: ARSLAN Müjgan
Published: October 2021

Objective Vertigo is a complaint consisting of wide spectrum of diagnoses in childhood. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical characteristics and differential diagnosis of pediatric patients with vertigo. Material and Methods In this retrospective study, the medical records of a hundred patients who presented to the Pediatric Neurology Outpatient clinic with the complaint of vertigo between January 2018-January 2021 were reviewed. Patients were evaluated for age, gender, family history, duration of symptoms, frequency of attacks, provoking factors, accompanying symptoms, physical examination, laboratory findings and final diagnosis. Results The mean age was 12.39 years. The majority of the patients were males (64%). There were different causes of vertigo, but the most common two were infection (34%) and psychogenic vertigo (25%). The other frequent reasons were orthostatic hypotension (16%) and vitamin B12 deficiency (9%). Most of the patients had symptom duration for less than one month (46%), and the attacks were primarily seen (65%) every day. Patients explained their attacks as the motion of the surrounding (61%), spinning (27%), imbalance (20%), and others. The most common accompanying symptoms were fatigue (60%) and headache (54%). Laboratory data revealed vitamin B12 deficiency in nine patients; all other tests were in the normal range. Thirty-nine patients had cranial MRI, only 2 of them revealed abnormal findings, one of them was responsible for vertigo. Conclusion Vertigo in children creates a profound sense of anxiety both in parents and physicians leading to excessive number of functional testing and imaging examinations. Evaluation should begin with detailed history and comprehensive physical evaluation to avoid superfluous testing and diagnostics. Serious cases are fortunately rare and can be detected by careful clinical examination.
Anti-tuberculosis effects of different medicinal plants: A narrative review
Authors: Amjad Hussain , Aadil Ameer Ali , Sultan Ayaz , Wahidullah Wahidullah , Pervez Mehar , Ahmad Ali , Zakir Ullah , Ramsha Baig
Published: October 2021

The medicinal plants contain various chemical constituents which play an important role in the treatment of various diseases. The current review explained the scattered information on medicinal plants used in the treatment of tuberculosis. The review contains four medicinal plants (Allium sativum (L), Aloe vera (L), Acalypha indica (L) and Allium cepa (L)) having anti-tubeculosis effects. Moreover, six medicinal plants (Acorus calamus (L), Curcuma longa (L), Ephedra gerardiana, Glycyrrhiza glabra (L), Hygrophila auriculata, Papaver somniferum (L)) have been checked for their toxicological impacts in the treatment of tuberculosis.
Grade 6 teachers’ s mathematical Knowledge for teaching: The concept of fractions
Authors: MACHABA France , MOLOTO Margaret
Published: October 2021

This article report on two case studies in which we explored two Grade 6 teachers’ mathematical knowledge for teaching the concept of fraction. We were interested in the mathematical knowledge teachers need to know, and how to use, to teach the concept of fraction. Of the two teachers sampled, one teacher (Rose) tried to unpack the fraction concept of fraction emphasising the understanding of mathematical concepts through using various modes of representation in teaching the concept of fraction and uses fractional manipulatives to emphasise the understanding of the concept. On the other hand, the teacher (Eddy) emphasized procedural knowledge. Eddy used the traditional way of teaching fractions, encouraging learners to memorise rules without understanding. The learners were just blind followers of the rules because they did not tell them where the rules originated, while Rose tried to use various modes of representation in teaching the concept of fraction
EFL Students’ Responses on Teacher’s Online Written Feedback: Interaction, Revision, and Perception
Authors: Suci Dewi Nur , Basthomi Yazid , Mukminatien Nur , Santihastuti Asih , Syamdianita Syamdianita
Published: October 2021

This study examines students’ interactions with the teacher’s feedback in an online course on paragraph writing at higher education in Indonesia. The instructional moves, interactional approach, and students’ perceived usefulness of the feedback were investigated. Through a discourse analysis framework, 355 comments on discussion posts from five students in four meetings were analyzed. The Learning Analytics (LA) data correlated with semi-structured interviews were employed to obtain the students’ perceived usefulness of teacher feedback for revision. The semi-structured interview was done with six students. The findings revealed that the teacher enacted fifteen moves to handle social interaction in online feedback from directive to dialogic categories. These moves are employed to create knowledge-building and solidarity for pedagogical and interactional goals, particularly. These are shown by the relation between LA and the students’ perceptions of the feedback for writing revision. Therefore, such ﬁndings highlight the (de)merits of directive-dialogic interactions in online written feedback and LA data to improve teaching and learning.
Cemaatçilik ve Bireycilik Arasında Piyasa İlişkileri
Authors: SOYLU Merve , ŞENCAL Harun
Published: October 2021

Bu çalışmada, geleneksel dönemde cemaat yaşam biçimi ile modern sonrası birey merkezli yaşam biçimi arasındaki niteliksel farka odaklanılarak piyasa ilişkilerinin söz konusu iki dönem içerisindeki konumu ve mahiyeti araştırılmıştır. Geleneksel dönemde cemaat yaşamı içerisinde ortaya çıkan insan ilişkileri içinde piyasa/pazar ilişkilerinin diğer sosyal ilişkilerden bağımsız ve müstakil bir alan oluşturmadığı, bilakis diğer ilişki türlerine ve mevcut toplumsallığın içerisine gömülü olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Öte yandan, modern dönemde birey merkezli yaşam biçiminin içerisinde insan ilişkileri parçalanarak bütünlüğünü yitirmiş ve piyasa ilişkileri müstakil bir alan olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunun da ötesinde, modern piyasa sistemi, toplumu, kurumları ve insan ilişkilerini hegemonyası altına alan ve belirleyen üst bir sisteme dönüşmüştür. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın amacı; geleneksel dönemde din ve aile merkezinde şekillenen cemaat yaşamı ile modern dönemde bireycilik merkezinde inşa olunan modern toplum anlayışı arasındaki metalaşma, dini normatif yapının kırılması ve aile/akraba bağlarının zayıflaması şeklindeki temel farklara değinerek modern toplumda geleneksel dönemdeki gibi dayanışma ve sosyal temeller üzerine kurulu bir piyasanın yeniden inşasının zor olduğunu vurgulamaktır. Bu iddianın temellendirilmesini için siyasi, sosyolojik ve temelde ontolojik olarak farklı bir paradigmanın içinde ortaya çıkmış olan Medine pazarı pratiği çerçevesinde modern dönemde İslami bir serbest piyasa kurulabileceği iddiaları kritik edilecek ve bu girişimin imkânı ve zorlukları değerlendirilecektir. Böylece, Medine pazarı ve günümüz serbest piyasa sistemi arasında bulunan benzerliklerden yola çıkarak Medine pazarının günümüz kapitalist sistemi için ahlaki bir çözüm olarak ortaya konulabileceğini iddia eden görüşler geleneksel ve modern toplum yapıları üzerinden kritik edilerek bunun uygulanabilir olmadığı gösterilmiş olacaktır.
İki Muhayyile: İmparatorluk ve Ulus Devlet
Authors: GÖKALP Burak , ÖZLER Hayrettin
Published: October 2021

Bu makale, ulus gibi hayali cemaatlere dayanan topyekûn egemen devlet anlayışlarının yerine gerçek ve fiili toplum veya toplumlararası ilişkilere dayanan bir siyasa biçimi olarak emperyal tahayyülü ele almaktadır. Burada ele alındığı şekliyle emperyal tahayyül ulus-devlet fikrine bir alternatif olmayı değil toplulukların ve ulus-devletlerin kendi ve öteki ile ilişkilerini yeniden gözden geçirmelerine ve daha yapıcı ilişkiler kurmalarına yardımcı olacak düşünsel bir derinlik kazandırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu çalışmada iki ana iddia mevcuttur. Bunlardan ilki günümüzün en belirgin sorunlarından olan ben-öteki ilişkisinin milliyetçi kuruluşunun kıyıcı sonuçlarından kaçınmak için yeni bir aidiyet biçiminden ziyade mevcut aidiyet biçimlerini kapsayacak olan sosyo-politik bir çerçevenin hem teorisinin hem de somut gövdesinin ortaya konulması gerekliliğidir. İkincisi ise soruna sebep olan temel dinamiğin ulus devletlerin sırtında taşıdığı emperyalizmin mirası olduğudur. Diğer bir ifadeyle, bu makalede tespit edilen sorun ulus devletlerin modern imparatorluklardan miras aldıkları emperyalizmi daha merkezi, daha bürokratik ve daha etkili şekilde icra edecek bir uluslararası sistem oluşturmalarıdır. Bu sorunun çözümü olarak iki farklı imparatorluk kategorisi üzerinden alternatif bir yol haritası oluşturulmaktadır. Bu yol haritası da modern imparatorlukların öncesine uzanan himayeci niteliğe sahip klasik (imperyal) imparatorlukların tecrübelerinden faydalanmaktır. Diğer bir ifade emperyalizmi önceleyen ve onun zıttı olan ve merkezi olmaktan ziyade ağ şeklinde örgütlenmiş, katı olmaktan ziyade esnek bir imparatorluk tecrübesine başvurulması gerekliliği vurgulanmıştır. Bunun için ilk olarak tarihsel sosyolojik bir perspektif çerçevesinden imparatorluklar ile ulus-devlet ve emperyalizm biçimleri arasındaki fark ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Ardından anti-emperyalist olma iddiasında olan ulus devletler, uluslararası ve uluslarüstü örgütlerin başka türlü emperyalizm biçimleri olabileceği tartışılmıştır. Son olarak bunun üstesinden gelmek için geçmişten gelen emperyal geleneğin inkârının değil sürekliliğinin önemine değinilmiştir.
Estimated efficiency of uterine cavity suturing in patients during organ-preserving surgery with placenta increta while examining reproductive function in the postpartum period
Authors: Berg E. A. , Yashchuk A. G. , Musin I. I. , Fatkullina Yu. N.
Published: October 2021

Aim: to assess the reproductive function of patients who underwent organ-preserving delivery using a modified method of uterine cavity suturing placenta increta.

Materials and Methods. There were retrospectively investigated 77 history cases of patients admitted for planned delivery in 2018–2020, subdivided into two groups: Group 1 (control) – 32 patients with uterine scar after previous cesarean section, Group 2 (main) – 45 patients diagnosed with placenta increta further assigned to 2 subgroups – 2A (n = 23) underwent a modified uterine cavity suturing, and subgroup 2B (n = 22) where a linear suturing was used.

Results. The groups studied were comparable on anthropometric data and reproductive history. The ultrasound examination of the uterus size 6 months later revealed more prominent changes in main group that might be due to larger volume of excised uterine tissue during surgery. Significant differences in subgroup 2A (uterus length – 54 [48; 62] mm, uterus width – 38 [29; 47] mm; p = 0.036 and p = 0.024, respectively) and subgroup 2B (uterus length – 51 [42; 60] mm, uterus width – 30 [24; 44] mm; p = 0.003 and p < 0.001) vs. control group (uterus length – 60 [55; 66] mm, uterus width – 48 [42; 54] mm) were observed. Magnitude of change in size and shape of the uterus were found in subgroup 2A vs. 2B (p = 0.022 for uterus length, p = 0.004 for uterus width). Examining intrauterine blood flow revealed no significant differences between the groups compared (p > 0.1).

Conclusion. Assessing results of the applied new method for uterine cavity suturing in patients with placenta increta showed a marked efficiency in maintaining anatomically most natural shape of the uterus and uterine cavity. Despite the results obtained, the problem of restoring female reproductive function after organ-preserving delivery remains a pressing issue relevant and requires to be further investigated.
Uncommon case of the acral melanoma with chondro-osseous metaplasia
Authors: Bychkova E. Yu. , Grigoruk Olga G. , Kuratov D. O. , Afanasieva E. A. , Bazulina L. M. , Bykova N. A.
Published: October 2021

Aim. This study aimed to improve the diagnostics of acral melanoma and investigate tumor morphological features of the chondroid and osseous matrix.

Materials and methods. The article presents a clinical case of metastatic acral melanoma with chondroid and osseous metaplasia in a 60-year-old patient. Cytological, histologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic studies were performed.

Results. A conglomerate of lymph nodes was noted in the inguinal region of the patient. Oxyphilic chondroid masses and tumor cells with morphological features of sarcoma were revealed using thin-needle aspiration biopsy. On physical examination, pink-colored subcutaneous neoplasm was discovered in the skin of the heel. Histological examination of the primary neoplasm and inguinal lymph node was performed. Melanoma with chondro-osseous metaplasia was diagnosed. Immunohistochemical examination of the tumor revealed some pronounced diffuse expressions of S-100 protein, HMB-45, and focal expression of Melan A in tumor cells. The sample was tested to detect BRAF mutation, and no mutations were found.

Conclusion. Morphological diagnostics of acral melanoma with chondro-osseous metaplasia is characterized by a high risk of diagnostic error. Therefore, additional immunohistological, molecular, and genetic studies should be used in the diagnostics of acral melanoma with chondro-osseous metaplasia.
Review of a book: T. Hoch, V. Kopeček, De Facto States in Eurasia, Routledge, London-New York 2020
Authors: Czachor Rafał
Published: October 2021

The following text is a review of a recent book devoted to the problem of so called de facto states (quazistates) in contemporary Eurasia.
Using Gene Expression Programming (GEP) for Modelling the Drying Characteristics of Onion Slices (Allium Cepa)
Authors: BOYAR İsmail , KOVACI Tuğba , DİKMEN Erkan , ŞENCAN ŞAHİN Arzu
Published: October 2021

In this study, the drying properties of onion slices were experimentally investigated under the different drying temperatures of 45, 50, 55, and 60°C for different thicknesses of 2, 3, 4, and 5mm. The drying characteristics of the onion slices were significantly influenced by drying temperature. Thin slices with higher temperature dried in the shortest time while thick slices with low temperature took longer to dry. In modeling drying curves, the moisture ratio values of the onion slices were compared with five models commonly used in the literature. In addition, Gene Expression Programming (GEP) was used to model the drying characteristics of the onion slices, and mathematical formulas were derived to calculate moisture ratio values. The results indicated that the moisture ratio values predicted by all models agreed with the experimental moisture ratio values for onion slice samples at different temperatures. The scientific findings we obtained here showed that the two model provided a better simulation of onion slice drying kinetics than other models in different experimental temperature and thickness ranges. Also, the GEP model was able to usefully determine the moisture ratio of onion slices with appropriate accuracy in a shorter time without the need for complicated formulas.
El direccionamiento estratégico como herramienta para la generación de ventajas competitivas en el sector de las PYME: Análisis para el sector turismo
Authors: Lora Guzmán Harold , Cardona Arbelaez Diego Alonso , Brito Carrillo Clara
Published: October 2021

Introducción: El desarrollo económico y social en los países de América latina, esta soportado en gran parte por las actividades asociadas al turismo y al sector de las pequeñas y medianas empresas. En este sector, y dadas la necesidad de reactivación económica en la nueva normalidad generada por la pandemia de COVID -19 se han generado una variedad de estudios e investigaciones para identificar los aspectos que determinen su competitividad a nivel regional, departamental y nacional. Objetivo: Este artículo proveniente de una investigación en curso busca establecer la conexión existente entre el éxito competitivo y el diagnostico organizacional basado en los factores internos y externos que pueden facilitar o dificultar la consecución de los objetivos estratégicos en las Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas en el sector turismo (recursos humanos, planeación estratégica, innovación, tecnología y certificación de calidad), a través de un caso de estudio para una PYME del sector. Metodología: utilizada se basó en la construcción, desarrollo y aplicación de las matrices y planteamiento estratégico esbozados por F. Davis; trabajo de campo y análisis de datos; determinación de resultados y conclusiones del estudio. Resultados: presentan fortalezas y debilidades en aspectos tales como planeación estratégica, la innovación y la tecnología. El estudio aporta un análisis empírico al sector en estudio, en factores considerados determinantes para la creación de ventajas competitivas. Conclusiones: Se concluye que las PYMES con mayor perfil competitivo tienen como característica propender por la innovación de sus productos y servicios, proceso y procedimientos, utilizan metodologías y herramientas para el direccionamiento estratégico y poseen un nivel tecnológico superior
Most common ergonomic injuries among healthcare workers
Authors: Alharbi Shada M. , Alghanem Abdullah K. , Alessa Hanan A. , Aldoobi Raghad S. , Busayli Fatimah A. , Alharbi Karam S. , Alzahrani Abdulrahman S. , Kashkari Khalid A. , Huraib Mohammad M. , Harbi Shatha S. A. , Higazy Yousra E.
Published: October 2021

In the different healthcare settings, evidence shows that healthcare workers can be exposed to various work-related hazards, which might be ergonomics, biological, psychological, and physical hazards. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are frequently reported among the different healthcare workers, and estimates indicate that surgeons are the most commonly affected. Disorders and injuries related to the backbone, shoulders, wrist, and knees are mainly reported by healthcare workers as relevant ergonomic hazards. In the present literature review, we have discussed the commonest ergonomics that have been reported in the literature among healthcare workers. Musculoskeletal disorders as back, knee, and wrist pain are the most frequently reported among the different settings. We have also assessed the different reasons that might attribute to the development of such events, and increased workload and working hours, in addition to the harmful postures are the main reasons that have been reported in the literature. Each clinical and surgical setting might be associated with significant risk factors over others, and therefore, specific interventions should be applied within these settings to enhance satisfaction among healthcare workers. Healthcare authorities are mainly responsible to achieve this. However, further epidemiological investigations are still needed to adequately plan the righteous interventional programs.
Assertiveness a key attribute towards: Nursing practice
Authors: Konwar Gitumoni
Published: October 2021

As a profession nursing has progressed significantly over the years and today the nurses have roles and responsibilities as a manager and educator in both academic and clinical settings. Nurses are working with a multidisciplinary team and are undertaking collaborative research with other disciplines. Assertiveness is an essential skill the nurse requires to be competent in decision-making and function efficiently in these varied settings.
Health promotion practices and coping behaviors among caregivers of children suffering from thalassemia major
Authors: Das Karobi , Abhilasha  , Thakur Ankita , Deepika  , Isha  , Kaur Navjot , Pratibha  , Sharma Renu , Trehan Amita
Published: October 2021

According to the Global Health Organisation thalassemia is the most prevalent genetic disorder which immensely affect the life of about 100,000 infants in over 60 countries. In India, thalassemia major is also the most prevalent genetic disorder. As indicated by the national statistics report, 22,000 patients of thalassemia major exist in our country. Thalassemia major is a chronic disease which has a long treatment regimen thus putting the affected children and their caregivers through a variety of challenges both physically and mentally.

To assess the health promotion practices and coping behaviors among parents/caregivers of children suffering from Thalassemia Major.

A descriptive study was conducted in the thalassemia clinic, APC, PGIMER, Chandigarh. Data was collected from 70 parents of thalassemic children with age group of 4 to 17 years on Socio Demographic Profile, clinical profile, Coping Health Inventory of Parents (CHIP) and Health Promotion Practices (HPP).

The study showed that 51.9% caregivers of thalassemic children reported that they considered the items enlisted in CHIP to be moderately helpful, 45.2% reported them to be extremely helpful while according to 2.9% of the subjects, they were minimally helpful. All the subjects were in the “always” level of the HPP i.e. caregivers were following health promotion practices. This study also revealed that majority of parents (61%) did not receive any genetic counselling during their first pregnancy.

The study concluded the association between major study variables like Health Promotion practices (HPP) and Coping Health Inventory Of Parents (CHIP) analysed by Pearson correlation. The results revealed that there was low positive correlation between HPP and CHIP i.e. +0.078.
Prediction of spark ignition engine performance responses fueled with fusel oil/gasoline blends by artificial neural network
Authors: USLU Samet , ŞİMŞEK Süleyman
Published: October 2021

In the present study, the performance parameters of a single-cylinder, air-cooled spark ignition (SI) engine using fusel oil-gasoline fuel blends were predicted by artificial neural network (ANN). The SI engine was operated with gasoline/fusel oil (10% and 20%) blends at different engine load (1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 and 8000 Watt) and compression ratios (8.00, 9.12 and 10.07) to obtain data essential to create the ANN model. In the constructed ANN model, brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) are chosen as output  parameters, while engine load, compression ratio (CR) and fusel oil ratio are chosen as input factors. 75% of the test results were employed to train the ANN. The performance of ANN model was determined by comparing it with the data produced from the part not used for training. According to the found data, ANN model estimated engine performance parameters such as BTE and BSFC by an overall regression coefficient (R) at 0.99384. Simultaneously, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) were found as 5.027% and 7.847% for BTE and BSFC, respectively. When ANN results and experimental results are compared for BTE and BSFC responses, it is determined that ANN results are close to experimental results with an error rate of less than 5%.
A Simple Algorithm for Finding a Non-negative Basic Solution of a System of Linear Algebraic Equations
Authors: Stepanov Gleb D.
Published: October 2021

This article describes an algorithm for obtaining a non-negative basic solution of a system of linear algebraic equations. This problem, which undoubtedly has an independent interest, in particular, is the most time-consuming part of the famous simplex method for solving linear programming problems.

Unlike the artificial basis Orden’s method used in the classical simplex method, the proposed algorithm does not attract artificial variables and economically consumes computational resources.

The algorithm consists of two stages, each of which is based on Gaussian exceptions. The first stage coincides with the main part of the Gaussian complete exclusion method, in which the matrix of the system is reduced to the form with an identity submatrix. The second stage is an iterative cycle, at each of the iterations of which, according to some rules, a resolving element is selected, and then a Gaussian elimination step is performed, preserving the matrix structure obtained at the first stage. The cycle ends either when the absence of non-negative solutions is established, or when one of them is found.

Two rules for choosing a resolving element are given. The more primitive of them allows for ambiguity of choice and does not exclude looping (but in very rare cases). Use of the second rule ensures that there is no looping.
CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF FEATURES WHICH CHARACTERIZE YIELD AND PRODUCT QUALITY OF REPRESENTATIVES OF ALLIUM GENUS (RHIZIRIDEUM SUBGENUS, RHIZIRIDEUM G. DON EX KOCH SECTION)
Authors:   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing - a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Growing”, Ivanova M.I. , Bukharov A.F. ,   All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vegetable Growing - a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Scientific Center of Vegetable Growing”, Kashleva A.I.
Published: October 2021

Eight samples of representatives of Allium L. genus from Rhizirideum subgenus, Rhizirideum G. Don ex Koch section were studied in the conditions of the Moscow region. The presented study is planned to determine the correlation between various traits that contribute to yield increase and accumulation of biologically active compounds in leaves. Morphological characteristics (plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of shoots per plant, leaf length, leaf width and total leaf yield) and biochemical parameters (dry matter, nitrates, ascorbic acid, mono sugars, chlorophyll, carotene, flavanoids, hydroxycinnamic acids) were analyzed. Research on introduction and mobilization of genetic resources, preservation and sustention of genetic collection of representatives of Allium L. genus were carried out within the framework of the State Assignment. Dispersion analysis showed significant differences among the tested genotypes for all the studied parameters, namely phenotypic, biochemical and yield traits. The relation between the parameters was assessed using Pearson coefficient. A positive close connection was revealed between the plant height and leaf length (0.792), plant height and flavonoids (0.744), the number of shoots and the number of leaves (0.818), dry matter and nitrates (0.903), mono sugars and ascorbic acid (0.739), mono sugars and hydroxycinnamic acids (0.700), mono sugars and flavonoids (0.704), ascorbic acid and hydroxycinnamic acids (0.964), ascorbic acid and flavonoids (0.937), hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids (0.987). A negative close connection was noted between the height and number of shoots (-0.757), plant height and chlorophyll (-0.814), number of shoots and leaf length (-0.951), number of leaves and leaf length (-0.717), dry matter and mono sugars (-0.804 ), nitrates and mono sugars (-0.887). The revealed patterns are of interest for constructing a model of varieties and selection usage.
INFLUENCE OF AGROCHEMICALS ON PRODUCTIVITY ELEMENTS OF SAFFLOWER (CARTHAMUS TINCTORIUS)
Authors:   Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture, Kiliyanova T. V.
Published: October 2021

Scientific research was carried out on the experimental field of Ulyanovsk Research Institute of Agriculture in the period 2018-2020. The aim of the research was to assess the effectiveness of the influence of agrochemicals on productivity of safflower. The experimental scheme includes three sowing methods: continuous row, wide-row (30 cm) and wide-row (70 cm), for each of which four seeding amounts are applied (from 200 thousand / ha to 700 thousand / ha). There is also application of N30 mineral fertilizer for presowing cultivation. Analysis of the meteorological conditions during the study period showed a sharp contrast, from favorable in 2018 to dry in 2019, which made it possible to reveal the effectiveness of this method in different conditions. The quality of safflower seeds is formed under the influence of environmental conditions during the period of flowering and seed formation. Rainfall precipitation and temperature fluctuations, characteristic of this period in our zone, lead to the occurrence of seed emptyness. Application of agrochemicals made it possible to increase the adaptability of plants to the growing conditions and to form proper seeds. The maximum seed yield of 9.9 c / ha was formed by plants of wide-row sowing with application of bormolibdenum agrochemical in the budding phase. This method made it possible to increase the number of productive anthodes by 15%, the mass of 1000 seeds by 3%, and the fat content in seeds by 19.4%. On average, in all the variants, the yield increased by 1.3 c / ha due to the applied agrochemicals.
Probiotics alleviate inflammatory bowel disease in mice by regulating intestinal microorganisms-bile acid-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway
Authors: Liu Zongshi , Wang Hong
Published: October 2021

The objective of the present study was to elucidate the mechanism of intestinal microorganisms- bile acid- NLRP3 inflammasome regulation in mice with inflammatory bowel disease treated with probiotics. The abnormal activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is the main pathogenic factor that leads to the development of chronic colitis in IL-10–/– mice. In this study, we divided the IL-10–/– and wild-type mice on a C57BL/6 background into 3 groups: control group (wt mice, n=10), IBD group (IL-10–/– mice, n=10), and probiotic group (IL-10–/– mice treated with probiotics, n=10). The analyses included mRNA levels of cytokines and protein expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and NOD2, as well as colorimetric determination of Wnt, Notch and BMP activity in colon tissue and fresh colon mass. The fresh colon mass was increased in the IBD mice when compared with the control and the probiotic groups (P<0.05). The histological score of the proximal colon in the IBD group was higher than in two other groups (P<0.05). The probiotic group showed lower levels of IFN-γ, IL-17F, IL-1α and IL-25 mRNA compared to the IBD group (P<0.05). The main components of NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 and IL-1β) and NOD2 were increased in IBD group compared to the control, and decreased after probiotic treatment (P<0.05). FXR, TGR5, vitamin D, and CAR were all increased in IBD group compared to the control and probiotic groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, probiotics modulated the intestinal microbial-bile acid-NLRP3 inflammation in IBD mice.
Results of testing the new variety of carrots in the conditions of the Rostov region
Authors: Yusupova L. А.
Published: October 2021

Relevance. ICarrots are known all over the world. It contains a large amount of carotene-provitamin A and a lot of useful substances – vitamin C, sugar pectin’s, potassium, and essential oils. This valuable crop is grown all over the world and in different weather and climatic conditions. When growing carrots, it is necessary to carefully select varieties and hybrids that will give a high commercial yield, as well as are resistant to biotic and abiotic factors.Materials and methods. The research was conducted in 2018-2019 in the fields of the Biryuchekut vegetable breeding experimental station of the branch of the Federal Scientific Vegetable Center in open ground conditions. The object of research was the varieties of carrots.Results. While breeding work on the Biryuchekutsky vegetable breeding experimental station a new variety of carrot Aksinya was obtained. In 2018, it was included in the station variety test. The new promising variety has an earlier maturation period on average 10 days earlier than the standards, a conical, blunt-edged form of orange-colored root crops with high taste qualities. The yield is at the level of 45 t / ha. It has excellent preservation during winter storage, resistance to diseases, as well as the ability to grow in arid and hot climates on heavy soils, while maintaining a high marketability of 72-76%.
Recommended cucumber hybrids for growing in greenhouses under conditions artificial lighting
Authors: Korol V. G.
Published: October 2021

For plants, light is a determining factor in growth and development. The use of artificial lighting in greenhouses has a huge impact on the yield, cost and timing of the receipt of vegetable products. The development of light culture in the country allows greenhouse complexes to use their greenhouses year-round,significantly increase plant productivity, receive most of the harvest in the winter months of the year andsell it at a higher price. The use of artificial light made it possible to increase the yield of the cucumber cropto 200 kg from 1 m2or more. From the economic point of view, the cucumber culture is most effective ingreenhouses. Russia is a cucumber country, more than half of the protected ground area is occupied bythis crop. And photoculture in greenhouses began with the cultivation of a cucumber crop. Today we saywith confidence that artificial lighting in greenhouses is more efficient than natural lighting. So to get onekilogram of vegetables using artificial lighting, it is necessary to spend 4.5-5.0 thousand J/cm2, and in thecase of using natural light – 5.0-6.5 thousand J/cm2. This can be explained by the fact that in the conditionsof using artificial lighting in cultivation facilities, we strive to create the most comfortable growing conditions for plants. An increase in the yield of cucumber crops under artificial lighting occurs mainly due to anincrease in the lighting power per unit area of greenhouses to 220 W/m2and more. However, this is not theonly way to increase yields. One of the most important criteria for increasing yields and improving the quality of fruits is the choice of the grown hybrid. Cucumber hybrids for cultivation under light culture conditions will be discussed in this work.The methods used in agronomic science were used. The information base of the research was made up of reference materials from specialized publications on the subject under study (catalogs of breeding companies);materials received from participants in the greenhouse vegetable market (breeding companies, greenhouseplants); own research, articles and reviews in specialized journals.Correctly selected cucumber hybrids provide a significant increase in yields in greenhouses, an improvementin fruit quality and a balanced cultivation technology in specific conditions. An assortment of recommendedcucumber hybrids for cultivation under photoculture conditions is presented, an analysis of their advantagesand disadvantages is made, and the main requirements for hybrids for these conditions are formulated.
​​Screening Cowpea Genotypes for Resistance to Cowpea Aphid Borne Mosaic Virus (CABMV) and Cowpea Severe Mosaic Virus (CPSMV) in Paraguay
Authors: Alonso Guillermo , Duarte Pablo , Camelo-García Viviana M. , Esquivel-Fariña Arnaldo , Kitajima Elliot W. , Rezende Jorge A.M. , González-Segnana Luis R.
Published: October 2021

Background: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.] is one of the Paraguayan rural families’ main crops, serving as an essential protein and carbohydrate source. Cowpea aphid borne mosaic virus (CABMV) and cowpea severe mosaic virus (CPSMV) were identified infecting cowpea plants. Disease control caused by both viruses is difficult because there is no information about local cowpea resistant cultivars and vector control is not practical. Methods: In the present work, sixteen cowpea genotypes/cultivars were mechanically inoculated with local isolates of CABMV and CPSMV to identify resistant genotypes/cultivars that can be used in breeding programs. Virus infections were determined by symptoms expression and confirmed by PTA-ELISA. Result: Genotypes Arroz rojo (V. angularis), TVu 379, TVu 382, TE94-256-2E and TE97-309G-9 were resistant to CABMV. Genotypes Arroz rojo (V. angularis), CNCX-698-128F, TVu 379, TVu 382, TVu-3961, TE97-309G-9 and TE97-309G-3 were resistant to CPSMV. Overall, this study showed that local cowpea cultivars do not offer any resistance to virus infection and the need for resistant germplasms for cowpea breeding programs in the country.
Effect of Integrated Weed Management Practices on Weed Dynamics and Performance of Maize Crop
Authors: Singh Arshdeep , Sarkar Shimpy , Bishnoi Ujjwal , Kundu Tannu , Nanda Ritasha , Robertson Ayekpam , Mor Manjeet
Published: October 2021

Background: Maize is the third most important cereal in India after rice and wheat which contributes nearly 9% in national food basket. Weed infestation is a major problem in maize, primarily at initial growth stages and due to wider spacing, hence weed control is essential to reduce the competition with maize crop. In maize row to row spacing is more so maximum number of weeds appears and compete with main crop. Methods: A field experiment was conducted in the University Agricultural Farm under the Department of Agronomy in kharif 2019. The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam in texture having pH 6.87 and electrical conductivity 0.32 mmhos/cm. The experiment was comprised of eight treatments and laid out in randomized block design with three replications T0 (Control), T1 (Hand weeding at 20 DAS, 40 DAS), T2 (Atrazine 1 kg/ha after 3 days of sowing), T3 (Metribuzin 1 kg/ha after 3 days of sowing), T4 (Alachlor 1.5 kg/ha after 3 days of sowing), T5 (Atrazine + hand weeding 1 kg/ha (after 3 days and 30 days after sowing), T6 (Metribuzin + hand weeding 1 kg/ha (after 3 days and 30 days after sowing), T7 (Alachlor + hand weeding 1.5 kg/ha (after 3 days and 30 days after sowing). The texture of the experimental field soil was sandy loam having pH-6.87, EC-0.32 mmhos/cm. Result: The weed species recorded at the experimental site were mainly comprised with grasses, sedges and broadleaf weeds. The dominant weed species infested in the experimental field were: Cynodon dactylon (doob grass), Cyperus rotundus, Amaranthus viridis, Anagallis arvensis, Argemone mexicana, Chenopodium album, Parthenium hysterophorus and Trianthema prolacastrum. Significant reduction in the weed density was recorded in manual weeding. The highest plant height, stem girth, number of leaves, flag leaf length, chlorophyll content, leaf area index, grain yield and stover yield was recorded highest with hand weeding which was followed by T7 (Alachlor + hand weeding 1.5 kg/ha (after 3 days and 30 days after sowing).