bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of a Smartphone Platform to Help With Emergency Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wu Yiqun , Chen Fei , Song Haiqing , Feng Wuwei , Sun Jinping , Liu Ruisen , Li Dongmei , Liu Ying
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

To improve the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), timely thrombolytic therapy is crucial. Series strategies were recommended to reduce door-to-needle (DTN) time for AIS. Mobile technologies are feasible and have been used in stroke management for various purposes. However, the use of smartphone platforms that integrate series strategies through the entire first aid process to improve emergency management of AIS remains to be verified.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to describe the utility and application of a smartphone platform in the emergency management of AIS and report the DTN time for patients with AIS during its 2-year application period. Our results are relevant to digital health management.

METHODS

A smartphone platform named “Green” was developed to incorporate the field assessment, hospital recommendation, prehospital notification, real-time communication, clinical records creation, key time-stamping, and quality control to streamline and standardize overall AIS emergency management processes. The emergency medical system (EMS) and all the emergency departments in Beijing have used this platform since 2018. From January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2019, 8457 patients diagnosed with AIS received intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator therapy. The median DTN time and the proportions of patients with DTN times of ≤60 minutes and ≤45 minutes were reported.

RESULTS

During the 2-year application period of this platform, the median DTN time was 45 minutes, and the proportions of patients with DTN times of ≤60 minutes and ≤45 minutes were 74.6% and 50.5%, respectively. The median DTN time was significantly reduced from 50 minutes in 2018 to 42 minutes in 2019 (P<.001). The proportions of patients with DTN times of ≤60 minutes and ≤45 minutes increased from 66.1% and 40.7%, respectively, in 2018 to 80.7% and 57.3%, respectively, in 2019 (both P<.001). Sustained improvement in DTN time was seen during all the observed months. The improvement occurred across all facilities, and the variations among hospitals also decreased. The median DTN time for patients transferred by ambulances (43 minutes) was significantly shorter than those who reached hospitals by themselves (47 minutes; P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Sustained reductions in DTN time reflected the improvement in AIS emergency management processes. The use of a smartphone platform integrating recommended strategies throughout all first aid stages is a practical way to help the emergency management of AIS.
Nursing Students’ Perceptions about Effective Pedagogy: Netnographic Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: De Gagne Jennie C , Koppel Paula D , Park Hyeyoung K , Cadavero Allen , Cho Eunji , Rushton Sharron , Yamane Sandra S , Manturuk Kim , Jung Dukyoo
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Effective pedagogy that encourages high standards of excellence and commitment to lifelong learning is essential in health professions education to prepare students for real-life challenges such as health disparities and global health issues. Creative learning and innovative teaching strategies empower students with high-quality, practical, real-world knowledge and meaningful skills to reach their potential as future health care providers.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to explore health profession students’ perceptions of whether their learning experiences were associated with good or bad pedagogy during asynchronous discussion forums. The further objective of the study was to identify how perceptions of the best and worst pedagogical practices reflected the students’ values, beliefs, and understanding about factors that made a pedagogy good during their learning history.

METHODS

A netnographic qualitative design was employed in this study. The data were collected on February 3, 2020 by exporting archived data from multiple sessions of a graduate-level nursing course offered between the fall 2016 and spring 2020 semesters at a large private university in the southeast region of the United States. Each student was a data unit. As an immersive data operation, field notes were taken by all research members. Data management and analysis were performed with NVivo 12.

RESULTS

A total of 634 posts were generated by 153 students identified in the dataset. Most of these students were female (88.9%). From the 97 categories identified, four themes emerged: (T) teacher presence built through relationship and communication, (E) environment conducive to affective and cognitive learning, (A) assessment and feedback processes that yield a growth mindset, and (M) mobilization of pedagogy through learner- and community-centeredness.

CONCLUSIONS

The themes that emerged from our analysis confirm findings from previous studies and provide new insights. Our study highlights the value of technology as a tool for effective pedagogy. A resourceful teacher can use various communication techniques to develop meaningful connections between the learner and teacher. Styles of communication will vary according to the unique expectations and needs of learners with different learning preferences; however, the aim is to fully engage each learner, establish a rapport between and among students, and nurture an environment characterized by freedom of expression in which ideas flow freely. We suggest that future research continue to explore the influence of differing course formats and pedagogical modalities on student learning experiences.
Support for Texting-Based Condom Negotiation Among Forcibly Displaced Adolescents in the Slums of Kampala, Uganda: Cross-sectional Validation of the Condom Use Negotiated Experiences Through Technology Scale (Preprint)
Authors: Okumu Moses , Logie Carmen H , Ansong David , Mwima Simon , Hakiza Robert , Newman Peter A
Published: February 2021

BACKGROUND

Promoting sexual health among forcibly displaced adolescents is a global public health priority. Digital sexual communication strategies (eg, sexting) may increase adolescents’ confidence in discussing sexual health issues and negotiating condom use. However, limited evidence exists describing validated measures for text-based condom negotiation in the literature.

OBJECTIVE

This study helps fill this gap by adapting and examining the psychometric properties of a condom use experience through technology (condom use negotiated experiences through technology [CuNET]) scale.

METHODS

Using peer network sampling, 242 forcibly displaced adolescents (aged 16-19 years) living in Kampala’s slums were recruited for participation between January and March 2018. A subscale (embarrassment to negotiate condom use) of the Multidimensional Condom Attitudes Scale was adapted to incorporate sexting, yielding CuNET. Participants were randomly assigned to calibration and validation subsamples to conduct exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to establish and validate the scale. CuNET measured participants’ support levels for texting-based condom negotiation via sexting based on gender, and multivariable logistic regression was used to explore its associations with sexual health outcomes (recent consistent condom use, access to sexual and reproductive health services, and lifetime sexually transmitted infection testing).

RESULTS

The one-factor CuNET with the validation sample was valid (χ24=5.3; P=.26; root mean square error of approximation=0.05, 90% CI 0.00-0.16; comparative fit index=0.99; Tucker-Lewis index=0.99; standardized root mean square residual=0.006), and reliability (Cronbach α=.98). Adolescent girls showed significantly lower levels of support for using sexting to negotiate condom use (mean 13.60, SE 0.70 vs mean 21.48, SE 1.23; P=.001). In multivariable analyses, a 1-point increase in the CuNET score was associated with increased odds of recent consistent condom use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.73, 95% CI 1.24-2.41) but not with access to sexual and reproductive health services (aOR 1.51, 95% CI 0.99-2.30) or lifetime sexually transmitted infection testing (aOR 0.90, 95% CI 0.64-1.26).

CONCLUSIONS

The unidimensional CuNET scale is valid and reliable for forcibly displaced adolescents living in slums in Kampala, gender-sensitive, and relevant for predicting consistent condom use among urban displaced and refugee adolescents. Further development of this scale will enable a better understanding of how adolescents use digital tools for condom negotiation.
Indonesian Music Classification on Folk and Dangdut Genre Based on Rolloff Spectral Feature Using Support Vector Machine (SVM) Algorithm
Authors: Ismanto Brizky Ramadhani , Kusuma Tubagus Maulana , Anggraini Dina
Published: February 2021

Music Genre Classification is one of the interesting digital music processing topics. Genre is a category of artistry, in this case, especially music, to characterize and categorize music is now available in various forms and sources. One of the applications is in determining the music genre classification on folk songs and dangdut songs.The main problem in the classification music genre is to find a combination of features and classifiers that can provide the best result in classifying music files into music genres. So we need to develop methods and algorithms that can classify genres appropriately. This problem can be solved by using the Support Vector Machine (SVM). The genre classification process begins by selecting the song file that will be classified by the genre, then the preprocessing process, the collection features by utilizing feature extraction, and the last process is Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification process to produce genre types from selected song files. The final result of this research is to classify Indonesian folk music genre and dangdut music genre along with the 83.3% accuracy values that indicate the level of system relevance to the results of music genre classification and to provide genre labels on music files as to facilitate the management and search of music files.
Estimation of Average Car Speed Using the Haar-Like Feature and Correlation Tracker Method
Authors: Fauzi Muhammad Dzulfikar , Putra Agfianto Eko , Wahyono Wahyono
Published: February 2021

The speed of a car traveling on the road can generally be estimated by using a speed gun. Efforts are needed to use CCTV (closed circuit television) as a tool that can be used to estimate the speed of the car so as to ease the burden on the road operator to estimate the speed of the car. This study discusses the estimated average speed of the car with the Haar-like Feature method used to detect the car, then the detection results are tracked using Correlatin Tracker to track the movement of objects that have been detected and calculate the distance of movement from the car, so that the speed of the car detected in video can be estimated. The results of the estimated average speed compared with the results of taking speed with a speed gun so that an error is obtained by MAE testing of 5,55 km / hour and the resulting standard deviation is 4,61 km / hour, thus it can be concluded that the system is made valid and can be used by road organizers to monitor the average speed of a car.
Optimalizing Big Data in Reducing Miss-Targeting Family Hope Program (PKH) in Sidoarjo Disctrict with Approach Machine Learning
Authors: Musaddad Aditama Azmy , Kriswibowo Arimurti
Published: February 2021

Machine learning approaches have been used to solve various problems. PKH experienced miss-targeting. This study aims to compare the result of big data by SIKS-NG and machine learning based on the same data and measurement indicators. Obtained algorithms Averaged Neural Network with optimal output compared to others. As for data testing obtained on SIKS-NG and machine learning that uses elevated matrix evaluations with the following 3 indicators: 1) Accuracy obtained by SIKS-NG 72.40% increased to 81.18% for Machine Learning; 2) Precision at the center is getting a high percentage of 91,01%, but it is capable of increasing once the data is given Machine Learning to 95,37%; 3) Recall with the cycle was obtained at 75.49%, while Machine Learning obtained a higher yield of 82.19%. Thus, machine learning has been proven to reduce miss-targeting and can be used as an alternative recommendation in automatic decision making and innovative management practices in government circles.
The Construction Path of English Ecological Classroom under the Theory of Multiculturalism
Authors: Bin Wu
Published: February 2021

In the process of continuous development, expansion and integration of culture, the pattern of multi-culture will gradually form. Under the theory of multiculturalism, teachers should start from an international perspective and an overall perspective to build an English ecological classroom that is suitable for the healthy growth of students. Teachers should pay attention to correctly establish the subject of English class and rationally present cross-cultural education. Construct an ecological English teaching model and create a reasonable ecological niche for teachers and students. In this way, the collaborative development of classroom subjects can be ensured and the efficiency of English teaching can be improved comprehensively.
Clinico-Serological Profile and Geographical Distribution of Dengue Fever from a Tertiary Care Hospital, South India
Authors: Rao Morubagal Raghavendra , Mahale Rashmi Padmanabha , Shivappa Sowmya , Chitharagi Vidyavathi B. , Gowda Ranjitha S. , Karthik Krishna , Monisha B.
Published: February 2021

Dengue fever is one of the common viral illnesses linked with significant morbidity and mortality. Of late, there is rapid increase in dengue cases in India. The present study aimed to known dengue seropositivity in different seasons of a year, other laboratory parameters and its geographical distribution. During the study period of 15 months 4172 patients hospitalized with probable dengue fever were included. Dengue serology was done for all cases by ELISA(J. Mitra & Co). Demographic details were taken to create geographical maps of the disease. Of the 4172 suspected dengue cases, 817 had confirmed dengue illness. Of these 817 cases, 584 showed Ns1 antigen (71.4%), 150 IgM antibody (18.3%), and 38 had both Ns1 and Ig M (4.6%). Platelet count less than 1,00,000 were seen in 566 (69.27%) patients. Dengue was noticeably more during monsoon time (June to September) of a year. Through geographical maps major clusters were noticed urban areas of Mysuru and Krishnaraja Nagara , while few clusters were also observed in Periyapatna and T Narsipura taluks of Mysuru district. To minimize the load of dengue cases and its death rate better community awareness and vector control measures need to be strengthened during monsoon especially in areas where burden of the disease is more. This study helps in early preparedness of the authorities concerned in controlling possible epidemics in future.
Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Biosynthesized by Aspergillus flavus KF946095; their Characterization and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: El-Mekkawy Rasha M. , Almanaa Taghreed N. , Yassin Marwa A. , Rabie Gamal , Saleh Noha
Published: February 2021

The antimicrobial agents of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been applied a little while back in diverse therapeutic studies. In this analysis, AgNPs were biosynthesized using an ecologically welcomed and cost-effective simple of bio-reduction. An isolate of Aspergillus flavus KF946095 (A. flavus) was found to biosynthesize AgNPs; the size of AgNPs was (56nm) and detected by UV-Vis analysis at (400 nm). The reducing properties for biosynthesis of AgNPs are mainly due to the protein functional surface reactive groups detected by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).Whereas, FTIR for AgNPs showed different peaks at 3994.5, 3201.6, 1801.4, 1643.2 and 1604.7 cm-1 that shared with the biosynthesize and stability of AgNPs as protein capping agents. Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) confirmed the scattering of biosynthesized AgNPs within a sol with oval and round shapes. The antibiotic susceptibility test was studied for some pathogenic bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus DSM 1104 (S. aureus) appeared to be the more resistant strain; it resisted the action of 6 antibiotics out of 8 ones tested. MIC value of AgNPs was 20µg/mL and antibiotic ciprofloxacin was 30µg/mL. Mixture of MIC values or double MIC values distinctively inhibited the multidrug resistant (MDR) S.aureus.
Improved Protocol for Continuous Culture of Plasmodium falciparum Reference Strains
Authors: Dominique Tano Konan , Jeanne Koffi Akissi , Tresor Dablé Marius , Dieudonné Silué Kigbafori , Karim Tuo , Cynthia Nkoua Badzi , Alexis Bénié Edjronké Marc , Issa Yéo , Hervé Menan Eby Ignace , William Yavo
Published: February 2021

Parasitic biobank of Plasmodium falciparum is almost germinal in Côte d’Ivoire. However, several high-level research topics on this parasite involve the taking into account of nature isolates but also chemo-sensitive or resistant reference strains for a better validation of results. In addition, acquisition of these reference strains is still arduous for laboratories in developing countries due to complexity of administrative procedures. For those reasons, this study aimed in to combine several procedures into a consolidated one in order to enhance the multiplication of P. falciparum reference strains. Continuous culture of plasmodial strains was based on the Trager and Jensen procedures. The CELL culture protocols used are those of the Swiss TPH described by Sergio Wittlin; the “Growing Plasmodium falciparum cultures at high parasitemia” and the “Stockholm sorbitol method” of Methods in Malaria Research-6th edition 2013; and the INV-01 and INV-02 procedures of the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN). Reference Plasmodium falciparum strains NF54 sensitive to chloroquine (CQs) and K1 resistant to chloroquine (CQr) were received from the Swiss Tropical Institute and Public Health (Swiss TPH). The CQs NF54 strain reacted more quickly to the protocol unlike the CQr K1 strain. Parasitic densities (DP) obtained with NF54 strain were ranged from 0.4% at day zero (D0) to 11.4% at day eight (D8). Strain K1 finally adapted successfully after one month of follow-up. Related DPs ranged from less than 0.1% to more than 20% in just three growth cycles after adaptation. A joint protocol (from this work) called “CRLP-SwissTPH-Pasteur_001” is available and allows to efficiently multiply reference strains NF54 and K1. It is planned to spread out the tests to other plasmodial strains as well as to wild isolates in order to standardize this procedure.
The importance of immunosupression in the development of the heavy form of cytomegaloviral infection in newborn children
Authors: Kravchenko L. V.
Published: February 2021

Objective: to study the features of disorders in T and B cell immunity and the synthesis of serum immunoglobulins of classes IgA, IgM, IgG with the aim of predicting severe cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI) in newborns.

Research methods: 133 newborns with cytomegalovirus infection were examined. Lymphocytes were typed to differentiation clusters CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20 using monoclonal antibodies, IMMUNOTECH (France). The expression of membrane markers of immunocompetent cells was determined using a Beckman COULTER EpicsXLII ﬂow laser cytoﬂuorimeter. Depending on the severity of the condition, all children were divided into two groups: 1 — CMVI, severe form — 60 people (45,1%); 2 CMVI, moderate form — 73 people (54,9%).

Results. Using the «classiﬁcation trees» method, we were able to develop a differentiated approach to the prognosis of a severe form of CMVI in newborn children. Systems of inequalities were obtained, four of which classify a subgroup of newborns with severe CMVI. Conclusion: the proposed diagnostic rules can be considered screening markers for prognosis of a severe form of CMVI in newborns.
Сlinical and epidemiological characteristics of HIV-positive servicemen in Russian Ministry of Defence as justification for directions of optimizing the medical care to servicemen
Authors: Bulankov Yu. I. , Bulygin M. A. , Zhdanov K. V. , Murachev A. A. , Bulygina D. S. , Orlova E. S.
Published: February 2021

Objective: to justify the main directions of optimizing the medical care system for HIV-infected military personnel of the Ministry of Defense of Russia on the basis of studying the clinical, epidemiological and social characteristics of. servicemen.

The materialsconsisted of 188 case histories of servicemen undergoing examination and treatment in the only specialized department for military medical examination and treatment of the Ministry of Defense of Russia. In the processing and analysis of data we used modern methods of descriptive statistics.

Results of the study. HIV infection rate of the servicemen in Russian Federation is at a consistently low level. HIV-positive servicemen are characterized by: sexual heterosexual way of infection; high social status (income, education, housing conditions), low prevalence of associated pathology. Access of most HIV-positive military personnel to dispensary observation (76,6%) and receiving antiretroviral therapy (66,1%) in the centers for the Prevention and Control of AIDS and Infectious Diseases has already been implemented, despite the lack of a regulatory framework of the Russian Ministry of Defense. A high level of adherence to dispensary observation and receiving antiretroviral therapy (about 95%) was noted in HIV-positive military personnel. Ensuring the legitimate access of HIV-infected military personnel to antiretroviral therapy practically does not require an increase in funding.
Molecular and genetic properties of hepatitis b virus and their clinical role in chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Tereshkov D. V. , Mitsura V. M. , Gasich E. L.
Published: February 2021

Objective. To study the molecular and genetic properties of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and their relationship with clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with chronic HBV infection.

Materials and methods. The study group included 228 patients with chronic HBV-infection. Routine hematological and biochemical tests, serum HBV DNA level, liver ﬁbrosis (F) stage were measured. The determination of HBV genotype, subtype and drug resistance mutations was carried out by sequencing followed by phylogenetic analysis in 131 patients.

Results. HBV DNA level above 2000 IU/ml was found in 68,4% of patients. The majority of the patients were HBeAg-negative (87,3%), they had viral load lower as compared with those HBeAg-positive (p<0,001). The viral load had a positive correlation with aminotransferases activity and severity of liver ﬁbrosis, and negative correlation with the platelets count, albumin and prothrombin levels. HBV DNA level in patients with advanced liver ﬁbrosis (F2-F4) was signiﬁcantly higher vs. those with liver ﬁbrosis stage F0-F1 (p=0,001). In patients with viral load above 2000 IU/ml hepatic necrosis, hypoalbuminemia and dysproteinemia were more pronounced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the circulation of HBV genotypes D (74,8%) and A (23,7%), as well as genotype C and recombinant form D/A/D were detected. Patients with genotype D had higher aminotransferases and gammaglutamiltransferase (p<0,05) levels, and higher proportion of advanced liver ﬁbrosis (F2-F4, p=0,04) vs. those with genotype A; no differences in viral load were found. Antiviral treatment is indicated in 59,2% of patients with genotype D, and only in 38,7% with genotype A (p=0,046).
Drought stress-induced irregularities in male organ development cause stage-specific morpho-physiological and transcriptome changes in tomato
Authors: Lamin-Samu Anthony Tumbeh , Farghal Mohamed , Ali Muhammad , Lu Gang
Published: February 2021

Drought limits the growth and productivity of plants. Reproductive
development is sensitive to drought but the underlying physiological and
molecular mechanisms remain unclear in tomato. Here, we investigated
drought effect on tomato floral development using morpho-physiological
and transcriptome analyses. Drought induced bud and flower abortions,
and reduced fruit set/yield, triggered by male sterility due to abnormal
anther and pollen development. Under drought stress (DS), anthers at
pollen mother cell to meiotic (PMC-MEI) stage survived while anthers at
tetrad to uninucleate microspore (TED-VUM) stage aborted. PMC-MEI stage
had lower ABA increase, reduced IAA and higher sugar contents under DS
relative to well-watered. However, TED-VUM stage had higher ABA
increase, higher IAA level and no accumulation of soluble sugars,
indicating abnormal carbohydrate and hormone metabolisms. Moreover,
RNA-Seq analysis identified altogether ˃15,000 differentially expressed
genes that were assigned to multiple pathways, suggesting tomato anthers
utilize complicated mechanisms to cope with drought. Major genes
involved in tapetum/microspore development and ABA homeostasis were
drought-induced while those involved in sugar utilization and IAA
metabolism were repressed at PMC-MEI stage. Our results suggest
crosstalks between phytohormones and carbohydrate metabolism at
different anther stages under DS and provide novel insight into
molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance in tomato.
A Non-ischemic Spontaneous Papillary Muscle Rupture. Case Report
Authors: Orozco-Hernandez Erik , Matos-Santana Heriberto , Tallaj Jose , Padilla Lluz , Davies James
Published: February 2021

We report a case of spontaneous mechanical papillary muscle rupture
(PMR). We believe that the etiology of PMR, in this case, is related to
a histological damage of the valve, extreme sudden force to the
papillary muscle, and some possible tissue hypo-perfusion of the
subvalvular apparatus. We performed a mitral valve replacement and
bypass coronary surgery with good results.
The reconstruction of synonymous relations in the Proto-Slavic vocabulary based on the Serbo-Croatian dialect material
Authors: Yakushkina Ekaterina
Published: February 2021

The paper deals with the analysis of synonymous words of Protoslavic origin
that distinguish different Serbo-Croatian dialects (the lexemes are
excerpted from The Questionnaire for the Serbo-Croatian Dialectological
Atlas). Some of these lexemes have strict geolinguistic characteristics and
are connected with certain areas, which allows for the assumption that they
performed the same differential function in the Proto-Slavic language. The
areas of the other lexemes are often diffuse, and sometimes synonyms of this
type co-exist in the same dialect. Therefore, we can assume that these words
may have been synonyms found in the same lexical system in Proto-Slavic as
well. Most synonyms were created by semantic or lexical innovations that
replaced archaisms, while the rest probably consist of parallel creations.
In search of an ethnolinguistic paradigm: A glossary of key terms and concepts
Authors: Bartmiński Jerzy
Published: February 2021

The paper?s author examines to what extent ethnolingustics meets the
paradigmatic criteria according to Thomas Kuhn (?A paradigm is the thing
that divides the members of the scientific community and vice versa, the
scientific community connects people sharing a certain paradigm?) and
compares the key terms which constitute this discipline?s instrumentarium.
The author focuses on the researchers gathered around the international
annual titled Etnolingwistyka, the representatives of the approach known as
the Lublin School of Cognitive Ethnolinguistics. Two dictionaries are
representative of the School: S?ownik stereotyp?w i symboli ludowych (Vol.
1-2, 1996-2020) and the five-volume lexicon titled Leksykon aksjologiczny
S?owian i ich s?siad?w (2015-2019). According to the author, based on these
two dictionaries and the accompanying publications, it is already possible
to compile a glossary of key terms of ethnolinguistics. Such glossary would
consist of several key concepts: the linguistic worldview, concept
(synonymous with ?stereotype?), viewpoint and perspective, cognitive
definition, profiling and profile, subject, values, etc. This terminological
apparatus was particularly used in the creation of the said axiological
lexicon and has now become the common good of the whole team of authors.
This corresponds to Kuhn?s second postulate.
Measuring software reliability under the influence of an infected patch
Authors: Kaur Jasmine , Anand Adarsh , Singh Ompal , Kumar Vijay
Published: February 2021

Patching service provides software firms an option to deal with the leftover bugs and is thereby helping them to keep a track of their product. More and more software firms are making use of this concept of prolonged testing. But this framework of releasing unprepared software in market involves a huge risk. The hastiness of vendors in releasing software patch at times can be dangerous as there are chances that firms release an infected patch. The infected patch (es) might lead to a hike in bug occurrence and error count and might make the software more vulnerable. The current work presents an understanding of such situation through mathematical modeling framework; wherein, the distinct behavior of testers (during in-house testing and field testing) and users is described. The proposed model has been validated on two software failure data sets of Tandem Computers and Brazilian Electronic Switching System, TROPICO R-1500.
Comparisons of Polyexposure, Polygenic, and Clinical Risk Scores in Risk Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: He Yixuan , Lakhani Chirag M. , Rasooly Danielle , Manrai Arjun K. , Tzoulaki Ioanna , Patel Chirag J.
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE

To establish a polyexposure score (PXS) for type 2 diabetes (T2D) incorporating 12 nongenetic exposures and examine whether a PXS and/or a polygenic risk score (PGS) improves diabetes prediction beyond traditional clinical risk factors.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We identified 356,621 unrelated individuals from the UK Biobank of White British ancestry with no prior diagnosis of T2D and normal HbA1c levels. Using self-reported and hospital admission information, we deployed a machine learning procedure to select the most predictive and robust factors out of 111 nongenetically ascertained exposure and lifestyle variables for the PXS in prospective T2D. We computed the clinical risk score (CRS) and PGS by taking a weighted sum of eight established clinical risk factors and >6 million single nucleotide polymorphisms, respectively.

RESULTS

In the study population, 7,513 had incident T2D. The C-statistics for the PGS, PXS, and CRS models were 0.709, 0.762, and 0.839, respectively. Individuals in the top 10% of PGS, PXS, and CRS had 2.00-, 5.90-, and 9.97-fold greater risk, respectively, compared to the remaining population. Addition of PGS and PXS to CRS improved T2D classification accuracy, with a continuous net reclassification index of 15.2% and 30.1% for cases, respectively, and 7.3% and 16.9% for controls, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

For T2D, the PXS provides modest incremental predictive value over established clinical risk factors. However, the concept of PXS merits further consideration in T2D risk stratification and is likely to be useful in other chronic disease risk prediction models.
Association of Metabolic Phenotypes With Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Stable Chest Pain
Authors: Kammerlander Andreas A. , Mayrhofer Thomas , Ferencik Maros , Pagidipati Neha J. , Karady Julia , Ginsburg Geoffrey S. , Lu Michael T. , Bittner Daniel O. , Puchner Stefan B. , Bihlmeyer Nathan A. , Meyersohn Nandini M. , Emami Hamed , Shah Svati H. , Douglas Pamela S. , Hoffmann Udo , Investigators the PROMISE
Published: February 2021

Objectives. Determine the association of distinct metabolic phenotypes with
coronary artery disease (CAD) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).

Background. Obesity and metabolic
syndrome are associated with MACE. However, whether distinct metabolic
phenotypes differ in risk for CAD and MACE is unknown.

Methods. We included patients from the Prospective Multicenter Imaging Study for Evaluation of Chest Pain·(PROMISE)
who underwent coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography. Obesity was
defined as a BMI≥30kg/m2, and metabolically healthy as ≤1 metabolic
syndrome component except diabetes, distinguishing four metabolic phenotypes:
metabolically healthy/unhealthy and non-obese/obese (MHN·

MHO·MUN·MUO). Differences in severe calcification (CAC≥400), severe CAD (≥70%
stenosis), high-risk plaque (HRP), and MACE were assessed using adjusted logistic
and Cox-regression models.

Results. Of 4,381 patients (48.4% male,
60.5±8.1y/o), 49.4% were metabolically healthy (30.7% MHN; 18.7% MHO) and 50.6%
unhealthy (22.3% MUN; 28.4% MUO). MHO had similar coronary-CT findings
as compared to MHN (severe CAC/CAD and HRP, p>0.36 for all). Among
metabolically unhealthy patients, those with obesity had similar CT findings as
compared to non-obese (p>0.10 for all). However, both MUN and MUO had
unfavorable CAD characteristics as compared to MHN (p≤0.017 for all).

130 events occurred during
follow-up (median 26 months). Compared to MHN, MUN (HR 1.61·[1.02–2.53]) but
not MHO (HR 1.06·[0.62–1.82) or MUO (HR 1.06·[0.66–1.72]) had higher risk for
MACE.

Conclusion. In stable chest pain patients,
four metabolic phenotypes exhibit distinctly different CAD characteristics and
risk for MACE. Individuals who are metabolically unhealthy despite not being
obese were at highest risk in our cohort.
Pengaruh Laju Penginjeksian Doping Sulfur terhadap Aktivitas Fotokatalis Nanotitania Menggunakan Metode Sol Gel
Authors:   Lampung University, Amrani Delfi Oktavia , Manurung Posman ,   Lampung University, Karo Pulung Karo ,   Lampung University
Published: February 2021

Synthesis of sulfur doped titania (S-TiO2) was carried out through sol-gel method. Titanium isopropoxide (TTIP), tween-80, isopropanol and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as a source of sulfur doping were used as raw material. The aimed of this research is to study the effect of the rate of sulfur doping injection by using an injection pump toward S-TiO2 photocatalyst activity. Four sulfur doping samples were prepared with rate injection of 4 ml/30; 4 ml/60; 4 ml/90 and 4 ml/120 minutes respectively. Titania powder was calcined at temperatur of 450 oC for 5 hours. The sintered samples were tested for photodegradation of remazol yellow under UV irradiation. Physical characteristics were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer. The result of the UV-Vis spectrophotometer showed that sample with an injection rate of 4 ml/30 minutes showed higer photocatalyst activity with the particle size is (7,1 nm ± 1,9 nm)
Karakterisasi Sensor LDR dan Aplikasinya pada Alat Ukur Tingkat Kekeruhan Air Berbasis Arduino UNO
Authors:   Universitas Jember, Cahyono Bowo Eko
Published: February 2021

A system of monitoring turbidity levels in real time using an LDR sensor has been designed and implemented. This study aims to characterize the LDR sensor and subsequently the results are used as a basis in the application of the deterioration system design for water turbidity levels. The characterization results show that the LDR sensor has a linearity of 90.86% and sensitivity of 0.0082 mV per lux. After being applied in measuring instruments the light intensity of the sensor has a precision level of 92.58% and the level of accuracy of the measurement results is an average of 87.89%. Based on the results of the design that has been carried out this instrument is able to turn on the water pump for the purification process automatically when the intensity of back scattering is less than 72 lux
Sintesis Superkonduktor BSCCO-2223 dengan Variasi Waktu Sintering pada Kadar Ca=2,10 Menggunakan Metode Pencampuran Basah
Authors:   Lampung University, Istikomah Siti , Suprihatin Suprihatin ,   Lampung University, Riyanto Agus ,   Lampung University
Published: February 2021

Research about the effect of sintering time on the phase purity level of superconductor BSCCO-2223 at the level of Ca 2,10 has been synthesized using the wet-mixing method. Sample dissolved is slowly with HNO3 and aquades, then drying gradually temperature of 300, 400, 600 °C. The sample was calcined for 10 hours at 800 °C and sintered using variations of time 10, 20, 30, and 40 hours at 865°C. Variations were carried out to determine the effect of sintering time on the purification of the superconductor. XRD results show that sintering time has an effect on the volume fraction value of BSCCO-2223. Volume fraction that is relatively high at 30 hours sintering time is 79,17 % with an orientation degree value of 37.94%. While the lowest was obtained at the time of sintering for 10 hours with the volume fraction of 38.47% with a degree of orientation of 15.27%. the SEM results show that all samples have layers oriented and have relatively little space between the plates (voids).
D2.2 First release of the octree mesh-generation capabilities and of the parallel mesh adaptation kernel
Authors: Martín A. , Cirrottola L. , Froehly A. , Rossi R. , Soriano C.
Published: February 2021

This document presents a description of the octree mesh-generation capabilities and of the parallel mesh adaptation kernel. As it is discussed in Section 1.3.2 of part B of the project proposal there are two parallel research lines aimed at developing scalable adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) algorithms and implementations. The first one is based on using octree-based mesh generation and adaptation for the whole simulation in combination with unfitted finite element methods (FEMs) and the use of algebraic constraints to deal with non-conformity of spaces. On the other hand the second strategy is based on the use of an initial octree mesh that, after make it conforming through the addition of templatebased tetrahedral refinements, is adapted anisotropically during the calculation. Regarding the first strategy the following items are included:
Using of BIM technologies for quality control of construction infrastructure projects
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Yudina A. F. , Grigoryev S. Yu. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Velichkin V. Z. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: February 2021

The article analyzes the experience of using Building Information Modeling (BIM) in construction infrastructure projects. Construction companies are introducing BIM technologies into their projects as a tool for integrating information about the quality level in the construction process. The article provides a review of literature on model-oriented approach to quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA). The product, process and organization model (PPO) for managing key elements of planning and quality level is also considered. The study made by the authors on a model-oriented approach to QA / QC has enabled to identify problems and obstacles to the BIM implementation in the construction infrastructure sector. The results of this study will allow further promotion and use of BIM-technologies in construction projects. Using BIM technologies for quality management, all project participants, including customers, architects, civil engineers, contractors, suppliers and subcontractors, will have access to a 3D model of quality control.
Models and algorithms for optimizing the transportation process of heavy loads taking into account the use of innovative transport control systems
Authors:   Moscow Automobile and Road State Technical University, Asaul M. A. , Safiullin R. R. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

The article considers models and algorithms for optimizing the heavy load transportation process in order to increase its efficiency by minimizing the amount of damage to motor roads. There have been developed some proposals aimed at improving the efficiency of the transport complex operation by introducing innovative solutions in terms of planning the transportation process of heavy loads.
Method for calculating the speed characteristicsof a single-tube shock absorber
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Voytko A. M.
Published: February 2021

The article describes a method for calculating the speed characteristics of a single-tube hydro-pneumatic shock absorber developed by the author based on the use of basic approaches to the calculation of damping hydraulic systems. A regressive type of characteristic is substantiated in relation to the operating conditions of a specialized vehicle in urban conditions. There has been performed calculation and analysis of the speed characteristics of the hydro-pneumatic shock absorber proposed for use on Ford Transit ambulances.
Method of calculating the annual minimum additional need for financing the major repairs of the university real estate objects
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Golovina S. G. , Klevan V. I. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Veretin K. P. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

The state of the property complex of higher education institutions of the Russian Federation is analyzed. A method is proposed for calculating the annual minimum additional funding for major repairs of real estate objects of higher education institutions by introducing industry coefficients and coefficients that take into account the presence of cultural heritage objects in property complexes. An example of calculating the amount of funding for a technical university in Saint Petersburg is given, and recommendations are offered for rational distribution of funding allocations.
Research of the differentiation phenomenon of complex development in megalopolis: housing construction and provision rate of educational facilities
Authors:   State Research and Design Center of Saint Petersburg Master Plan St. Petersburg, Ershova S. A. , Orlovskaya T. N. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

The article presents the results of research on the complexity of development of St. Petersburg districts. Differentiation analysis was carried out according to the indicators of housing commissioning, commissioning of educational facilities, and the ratio of housing commissioning and commissioning of educational facilities per 1000 square meters of housing. Based on the ranking results, there were identified three groups of districts: those with balanced commissioning of housing and educational facilities, those with an excess of commissioning of housing over commissioning of educational facilities, and those with an excess of commissioning of educational facilities over housing commissioning. The study based on the proposed methodology makes it possible to take into account the heterogeneity of the integrated development of the city territory for various factors. Testing the methodology by the example of matching the speed of housing construction and the creation of the most important social infrastructure facilities in the context of the administrative districts of St. Petersburg in the period of 2011-2018 allowed assessing the heterogeneity of the complex development of the city territories in terms of provision of the population with educational facilities. The results obtained can be used as analytical material for adjusting priorities of investment in housing and civil construction and forming programs for the integrated development of the city districts.
Traditions and factors of the St. Petersburg region that determine the trends of modern restoration practice at reconstruction of architectural monuments
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chainikova O. O.
Published: February 2021

This study examines the currently used approaches and methods of restoration work on the monuments of architecture, which have been established during the historical period of St. Petersburg existence and which are used in the daily practice of restoration activities, characteristic for the St. Petersburg region, its traditions, culture and mentality. The role of the Leningrad school of restorers in the modern restoration practice and its influence on the main aspects of the St. Petersburg strategy of cultural heritage preservation has been estimated. A number of regional factors have been identified as the basis for the restoration of architectural monuments, taking into account deep historical and cultural traditions, natural and climatic features, and socio-demographic characteristics.
Intra-quarter development as a unique component of urban environment in the St. Petersburg historical center
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Lavrov L. P. , Molotkova E. G. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

The living environment, which constitutes a significant part of the historical center development in St. Petersburg, is assumed to be a unique object of urban planning activity, since its potential is exceptional, but the strategy for further use has not yet been determined. The active usage of huge residential areas in the city center is hindered due to the uncertainty of property relations, some missteps in the area of the cultural heritage conservation system, defects in the system of land use and land tenure. Taking into consideration that the intra-quarter environment has been hardly ever studied, the authors propose using the stagnation period to «stock-take» the quarters of the St. Petersburg center. In connection with the envisaged orientation of the city transport system to increasing the role of pedestrian flows in the city center, the role of the unique system of passage yards is emphasized and it is proposed to take it into account as an integral component of the city center as UNESCO historical heritage object. The decisive role of intra-quarter communications for the formation of urban development characteristic types is substantiated. It is pointed out that in order to assess the mass development potential in the center of St. Petersburg, it is necessary to provide each historical quarter with a corresponding certificate and organize a monitoring of possible evolutions.
Bearing capacity of deep bored piles
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Le Van Trong
Published: February 2021

Modern technical regulations and design principles are limited by soil resistance on the side surface and under the point of bored piles up to 40 m. Meanwhile, the construction of high-rise buildings and underground structures requires the use of deeper bored piles. The author has set the task to determine the soil resistance for deep-bored piles by statistical processing of numerous results of field tests of bored piles and nonlinear extrapolation of soil resistance to a depth of 100 m in the geological conditions of Saint Petersburg.