bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel optoelectronic metal organic framework material perylene tetracarboxylate magnesium: preparation and biosensing
Authors: Mo Fangjing , Han Qian , Chen Min , Meng Hui , Guo Jiang , Fu Yingzi
Published: September 2021

We synthesized stable magnesium 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid metal–organic frameworks applied them in a PEC regenerated-biosensor along with target-triggered three-dimensional DNA Scaffold for ultrasensitive detection of microRNA 21.
Interlayer electron modulation in van der Waals heterostructures assembled by stacking monolayer MoS2 onto monolayer graphene with different electron transfer ability
Authors: Wang Zhenping , Cao Qing , Sotthewes Kai , Hu Yalei , Shin Hyeon S. , Eigler Siegfried
Published: September 2021

The oxo-G and r-oxo-G acting as electron extraction layers significantly increase the PL intensity of 1L-MoS2.
Highly fluorescent carbon dots as novel theranostic agents for biomedical applications
Authors: Wan Jiafeng , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Fu Kun , Zhang Xin , Shang Li , Su Zhiqiang
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we summarize the progress of drug-derived CDs in recent years, and introduce the classification of carbon dots, their synthesis methods and basic properties.
Rational synthesis of novel “giant” CuInTeSe/CdS core/shell quantum dots for optoelectronics
Authors: Xu Jing-Yin , Tong Xin , Besteiro Lucas V. , Li Xin , Hu Chenxia , Liu Ruitong , Channa Ali Imran , Zhao Haiguang , Rosei Federico , Govorov Alexander O. , Wang Qiang , Wang Zhiming M.
Published: September 2021

We develop a novel type of heterostructured CuInTeSe/CdS “giant” core/shell quantum dots with shell thickness-dependent optoelectronic properties and quasi-type II band structure, which hold great potential for applications in optoelectronics.
Going beyond the equilibrium crystal shape: re-tracing the morphological evolution in group 5 tetradymite nanocrystals
Authors: Hwang Woohyun , Yoo Su-Hyun , Soon Aloysius , Jang Woosun
Published: September 2021

Tuning the nanomorphology of group 5 tetradymite M2X3 (where M = Bi and Sb, and X = Se and Te) by going beyond thermodynamic equilibrium.
Facilitating functionalization of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamides by switching amide connectivity
Authors: Schoenmakers Sandra M. C. , van den Bersselaar Bart W. L. , Dhiman Shikha , Su Lu , Palmans Anja R. A.
Published: September 2021

Selective functionalization of C3-symmetrical supramolecular motifs was achieved by switching the amide connectivity of one side chain, yielding supramolecular polymers with a tunable number of functional groups.
Element coding based accurate evaluation of CRISPR/Cas9 initial cleavage
Authors: Hu Jianyu , Liu Rui , Zhou Jing , Lv Yi
Published: September 2021

Initial cleavage events as the first domino of CRISPR/Cas9 kinetic behaviors. To accurately evaluate the initial cleavage of Cas9, element coding CRISPR platform-enabled direct characterization of the cleavage efficiency and cleavage sites was proposed.
Assessing Change in Communication Limitations in Primary Progressive Apraxia of Speech and Aphasia: A 1-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Utianski Rene L. , Martin Peter R. , Duffy Joseph R. , Botha Hugo , Clark Heather M. , Josephs Keith A.
Published: September 2021

Purpose

Individuals with primary progressive apraxia of speech have apraxia of speech (AOS) as the initial and predominant symptom. Many develop aphasia and/or dysarthria later in the disease course. It was previously demonstrated that patients with neurodegenerative AOS experience reduced participation in communication that is further exacerbated by co-occurring language deficits (
Utianski et al., 2020
). Measures of disease severity did not necessarily correlate with measures of participation restrictions. The aim of this follow-up study was to describe changes in communication limitations in these patients, again measured by (a) the patient via the Communicative Participation Item Bank (CPIB) and (b) the speech-language pathologist via the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's (ASHA's) Functional Communication Measures (FCMs) and an adapted motor speech disorder (MSD) severity rating to determine if there are significant changes in these and other objective speech and language measures at follow-up after 1 year.

Method

Of the 24 patients reported in the study of
Utianski et al. (2020)
, 17 (10 men, seven women) returned for a second visit approximately 1 year following the first visit. Identical procedures were utilized; the communication measures collected at each visit were statistically compared. Correlations were calculated between the participation ratings and other clinical assessment measures at the second visit and for the change in scores on those measures between the first and second visits.

Results

There were statistically significant differences in AOS and aphasia severity between visits. There were significant changes in clinical assessments, MSD severity rating, and all ASHA FCMs between visits, but not the CPIB. Correlation analyses suggest the relationships among clinical and participation measures are complex; overall, patients with more severe changes in AOS experienced greater changes in participation restrictions.

Conclusions

The findings of this study support the use of patient-reported outcome measures as they may better reflect the patient experience, including the influence of factors such as ongoing speech therapy and the emergence of neuropsychiatric features, and associated changes in day-to-day functioning, when other measures may simply index the progression of the disease.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16528512
Core Outcome Set Use in Poststroke Aphasia Treatment Research: Examining Barriers and Facilitators to Implementation Using the Theoretical Domains Framework
Authors: Wallace Sarah J. , Sullivan Bridget , Rose Tanya A. , Worrall Linda , Le Dorze Guylaine , Shrubsole Kirstine
Published: September 2021

Purpose

A core outcome set (COS; an agreed minimum set of outcomes) was developed to address the heterogeneous measurement of outcomes in poststroke aphasia treatment research. Successful implementation of a COS requires change in individual and collective research behavior. We used the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to understand the factors influencing researchers' use and nonuse of the Research Outcome Measurement in Aphasia (ROMA) COS.

Method

Aphasia trialists and highly published treatment researchers were identified from the Cochrane review of speech and language therapy for aphasia following stroke and through database searches. Participants completed a theory-informed online survey that explored factors influencing COS use. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis.

Results

Sixty-four aphasia researchers from 13 countries participated. Most participants (81%) were aware of the ROMA COS, and participants identified more facilitators than barriers to its use. The TDF domain with the highest agreement (i.e., facilitator) was “knowledge” (84% agree/strongly agree). Participants had knowledge of the measures included in the ROMA COS, their associated benefits, and the existing recommendations. The TDF domains with the least agreement (i.e., barriers) were “reinforcement” (34% agree/strongly agree); “social influences” (41% agree/strongly agree); “memory, attention, and decision processes” (45% agree/strongly agree); and “behavioral regulation” (49% agree/strongly agree). Hence, participants identified a lack of external incentives, collegial encouragement, and monitoring systems as barriers to using the ROMA COS. The suitability and availability of individual measurement instruments, as well as burden associated with collecting the COS, were also identified as reasons for nonuse.

Conclusions

Overall, participants were aware of the benefits of using the ROMA COS and believed that its implementation would improve research quality; however, incentives for routine implementation were reported to be lacking. Findings will guide future revisions of the ROMA COS and the development of theoretically informed implementation strategies.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16528524
Ultra‐short‐term irradiance forecasting model based on ground‐based cloud image and deep learning algorithm
Authors: Zhen Zhao , Zhang Xuemin , Mei Shengwei , Chang Xiqiang , Chai Hua , Yin Rui , Wang Fei
Published: September 2021

Solar irradiance is the main factor affecting the output of a photovoltaic (PV) power station, which is chiefly determined by the cloud distribution over the power station. For ultra‐short‐term, especially the intro‐hour time scale irradiance forecasting, ground‐based cloud image is considered as a very necessary data as Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI). However, the information content in the image is much higher than that of GHI record, and there is even a difference in magnitude between them. Therefore, how to effectively extract the key features in the cloud images and fuse them with GHI record data is the decisive factor affecting the performance of the forecasting model. Here, a novel convolutional auto‐encoder based cloud distribution feature (CDF) extraction method is first proposed. Then for feature fusion part, an LSTM‐FUSION irradiance forecasting model is established based on long short‐term memory (LSTM) neural network and feature fusion by time steps considering the one‐to‐one correlation between CDFs and GHI. Finally, a novel determination method of input time step length based on attention distribution analysis is also proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed LSTM‐FUSION model is overall superior to the benchmark models.
Rapid in vitro evaluation of hemodynamic performances of customized handmade trileaflet‐valved conduits using Duffing–Holmes‐based self‐synchronization dynamic errors
Authors: Wang Jieh‐Neng , Chen Wei‐Ling , Kan Chung‐Dann , Pai Ching Chou , Lin Chia‐Hung , Wu Jian‐Xing , Pai Neng‐Sheng
Published: September 2021

Valvular heart diseases or chronic valvular dysfunctions are widely treated by percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) in cases requiring prosthetic pulmonary valve implantation and replacement. Commercial pulmonary valve stents (CPVS), sucas Epic™ valved stents or mechanical heart valves, are available to improve narrowed pulmonary valves or address problems of blood flow regurgitation in the right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit. However, these commercial valve stents have limited availability of different sizes and diameters. Currently, the customized handmade trileaflet‐valved conduit (HTVC) is a novel surgical strategy being used in young adults and children. The HTVC can be designed witdifferent optimal parameters and can be reconstructed as expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE)‐valved conduits for PPVI clinical applications. To verify the availability and durability of the HTVC, we validated its hemodynamic and functional performances using a mock circulation system in an in vitro study. At different heart rates and blood flows, we used the forward stroke flow (systolic period) and regurgitation flow (diastolic period) to calculate the pulmonary regurgitation fraction (RF) and ejection efficiency (EE) to evaluate the HTVC performances. We also observed its dynamic behaviours using an endoscopic camera in a pulsatile experimental setting. In addition, we used a Duffing–Holmes‐based chaotic synchronization system to track the trajectories of pulmonary artery pressure waveforms of the HTVC and CPVS, whiccan synchronously obtain the dynamic self‐synchronization errors for quantifying the HTVC's performance. Througin vitro laboratory experiments, the comprehensive dynamic errors were found to be positively correlated witthe RFs and EEs. The experimental results indicate that the results obtained by the HTVC are promising, including a decrease in the RF and an increase in the EE, as compared witCPVSs. Therefore, the dynamic errors can be used to obtain rapid quantitative indications of the performance quality of HTVCs under different hemodynamic conditions for RV‐PA reconstruction.
Mass–effective temperature–surface gravity relation for intermediate-mass main-sequence stars
Authors: Kılıçoğlu T.
Published: September 2021

Context. In this work a mass–effective temperature–surface gravity relation (MTGR) is developed for main-sequence stars in the range 6400 K ≤ Teff ≤ 20 000 K with log g ≳ 3.44. The MTGR allows the simple estimation of the masses of stars from their effective temperatures and surface gravities. It can be used for solar metallicity and can be rescaled for any metallicity within −1.0 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ 0.7. The effect of α-enhanced compositions can also be considered with the help of correction terms.

Aims. It is aimed to develop an MTGR that can estimate the masses of main-sequence stars from their atmospheric parameters. One advantage of an MTGR over the classical mass–luminosity relations is that its mass estimation is based on parameters that can be obtained by purely spectroscopic methods, and, therefore, the interstellar extinction or reddening do not have to be known. The use of surface gravity (g) also relates an MTGR with stellar evolution and provides a more reliable mass estimation.

Methods. A synthetical MTGR is obtained from theoretical isochrones using a Levenberg-Marquardt χ2 minimization algorithm. The validity of the MTGR is then checked by testing over 278 binary components with precise absolute masses.

Results. Very good agreement has been obtained between the absolute masses of 278 binary star components and their masses estimated from the MTGR. A mathematical expression is also given to calculate the propagated uncertainties of the MTGR masses.

Conclusions. For the typical uncertainties in atmospheric parameters and metallicity (i.e., ±2.8% for Teff, ±0.1 dex for log g and ±0.15 dex for [Fe/H]) the typical uncertainties in the masses estimated from the MTGR mostly remain around 5–9%. The fact that this uncertainty level is only on average about three times as large as that of the absolute masses indicates that the MTGR is a very powerful tool for stellar mass estimation. A computer code, mtgr.pro, written in GDL or IDL is also provided for the relation.
Multiband nonthermal radiative model of pulsar wind nebulae: Study of the effects of advection and diffusion
Authors: Zhu Bo-Tao , Lu Fang-Wu , Zhou Bing , Zhang Li
Published: September 2021

Aims. Nonthermal radiation properties of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are studied in the frame of a time-dependent model with particle advection and diffusion.

Methods. The dynamical and radiative evolution of a PWN was self-consistently solved in the model. The time-dependent lepton (electrons and positrons) equation is described by particle injection, advection, diffusion, adiabatic loss, and radiative loss. Nonthermal emission from a PWN is mainly produced by the relativistic leptons through synchrotron radiation and inverse Compton process.

Results. The effect of particle transport including advection and diffusion was analyzed, showing that the particle transport process induces a decrease in the nebula flux, and that the total flux decreases with the increase in advection velocity and diffusion coefficient. Meanwhile, the particle transport processes may play an important role in modifying the spectrum of the emitted radiation at X-ray and TeV wavelengths, but only have slightly effects in radio and GeV bands. We applied our model to the three PWNe Crab nebula, 3C 58, and G54.1+0.3, and observed that the spectral energy distributions of photon emissions from the three PWNe are reproduced well. Our results indicate that (i) the particle cooling processes are dominated by adiabatic loss in lower-energy bands and synchrotron loss dominates for the higher-energy particles; and (ii) the particle transport processes are advection dominated, and a slow diffusion may occur within the Crab nebula, 3C 58, and G54.1+0.3.
The HD 98800 quadruple pre-main sequence system
Authors: Zúñiga-Fernández S. , Olofsson J. , Bayo A. , Haubois X. , Corral-Santana J. M. , Lopera-Mejía A. , Ronco M. P. , Tokovinin A. , Gallenne A. , Kennedy G. M. , Berger J.-P.
Published: September 2021

Context.HD 98800 is a young (∼10 Myr old) and nearby (∼45 pc) quadruple system, composed of two spectroscopic binaries orbiting around each other (AaAb and BaBb), with a gas-rich disk in polar configuration around BaBb. While the orbital parameters of BaBb and AB are relatively well constrained, this is not the case for AaAb. A full characterisation of this quadruple system can provide insights on the formation of such a complex system.

Aims.The goal of this work is to determine the orbit of the AaAb subsystem and refine the orbital solution of BaBb using multi-epoch interferometric observations with the Very Large Telescope Interferometer PIONIER and radial velocities.

Methods.The PIONIER observations provide relative astrometric positions and flux ratios for both AaAa and BaBb subsystems. Combining the astrometric points with radial velocity measurements, we determine the orbital parameters of both subsystems.

Results.We refined the orbital solution of BaBb and derived, for the first time, the full orbital solution of AaAb. We confirmed the polar configuration of the circumbinary disk around BaBb. From our solutions, we also inferred the dynamical masses of AaAb (MAa = 0.93 ± 0.09 andMAb = 0.29 ± 0.02 M⊙). We also revisited the parameters of the AB outer orbit.

Conclusions.The orbital parameters are relevant to test the long-term stability of the system and to evaluate possible formation scenarios of HD 98800. Using the N-body simulation, we show that the system should be dynamically stable over thousands of orbital periods and that it made preliminary predictions for the transit of the disk in front of AaAb which is estimated to start around 2026. We discuss the lack of a disk around AaAb, which can be explained by the larger X-ray luminosity of AaAb, promoting faster photo-evaporation of the disk. High-resolution infrared spectroscopic observations would provide radial velocities of Aa and Ab (blended lines in contemporary observations), which would allow us to calculate the dynamical masses of Aa and Ab independently of the parallax of BaBb. Further monitoring of other hierarchical systems will improve our understanding of the formation and dynamical evolution of these kinds of systems.
Le syndrome de grêle court chez l’adulte
Authors: de Dreuille Brune , Fourati Salma , Joly Francisca , Le Beyec-Le Bihan Johanne , le Gall Maude
Published: September 2021

Le syndrome de grêle court, conséquence d’une résection étendue de l’intestin, est la principale cause d’insuffisance intestinale, définie comme la réduction de la fonction intestinale en dessous du minimum nécessaire à l’absorption des macronutriments, de l’eau et des électrolytes. La prise en charge nécessite alors la nutrition parentérale. L’évolution du syndrome de grêle court est schématiquement scindée en trois périodes successives : 1) la période post-opératoire, d’une durée de 3 à 6 semaines ; 2) la période adaptative, d’une durée de 2 ans environ ; et 3) la période de stabilisation, dite séquellaire. Le développement d’une hyperphagie, d’une adaptation intestinale permettant l’augmentation de la surface d’absorption et de la sécrétion d’entérohormones, ainsi qu’une modification du microbiote, se produisent spontanément, améliorant l’absorption intestinale et diminuant la dépendance à la nutrition parentérale. Cet article résume les principales conséquences physiopathologiques (bénéfiques ou délétères) d’une résection étendue de l’intestin grêle et la prise en charge nutritionnelle et médicamenteuse du syndrome de grêle court chez l’adulte.
Traditions in vocational education of future teachers at the university
Authors: Aldoshina Marina Ivanovna
Published: September 2021

The modern sociocultural situation actualizes the issue of the role and place of tradition as a criterion for the preservation and transmission of historical experience and the basis of the civic identity of society and the ethnic identity of an individual in vocational education in Russia. Russia’s entry into the world educational space, modernization of Russian education based on the competence-based approach, developed with due account for the general trends in the education development in European countries, involves not only updating the content and technologies of education. The subprogram “Vocational Education Development” of the State Program of the Russian Federation “Education Development” for the period of 2013-2020 has the purpose of increasing the contribution of vocational education to the socio-economic and cultural modernization of Russia, to increasing its global competitiveness, ensuring the demand for each student in the economy and society. Therefore, among the priority tasks of higher education is to improve the quality of training future teachers for the Russian education system at different levels, to form their readiness for pedagogical activity in modern conditions. The purpose of this article is to determine the significance of the historical and sociocultural tradition for vocational education at Russian universities by using the comparative analysis of historical-pedagogical, regulatory-legal and methodological sources. The author traces the possibilities of the impact of the university stage of education on the process of ethnocultural development and ethnic identification of a modern student in university vocational pedagogical education. The fundamental novelty of formulation and ways of solving the issue in this article is determined by taking into account the specifics of the digitalization stage in modern education and the features of university education technologies and techniques during the period of overcoming the consequences of the coronavirus epidemic.
Teaching Russian abroad: the concept of additional professional training
Authors: Markova Elena Mikhailovna , Pozdnyakova Alina Aleksandrovna , Laskareva Elena Romualdovna
Published: September 2021

The importance of a qualitative renewal of the additional professional training system for Russian language teachers of foreign schools gives rise to many problems of both theoretical and organizational nature. The following ones are particularly relevant: 1) the determination of professional deficits of teaching staff; 2) the identification of gaps in the current system of additional professional training for Russian as a foreign language teachers; 3) the correction of the identified professional deficiencies through additional educational programs on various directions and degrees of complexity. The solution to these problems is impossible in the absence of the concept of additional professional training system for Russian as foreign language teachers, formed on the basis of an ethno-oriented approach, which involves the development of models of advanced training for teaching specific ethnic groups. Such a concept can be implemented through a system of diagnostic and educational events held remotely in a controlled segment of the Internet (on the platform of a specific educational institution or its autonomous substructure). Since the organization of additional professional training for Russian as foreign language teachers of foreign schools is closely related to the type of educational institution in which the teacher works (national state, national non-state, weekend school, schools under the Russian Orthodox Church, etc.), it is advisable to consider the educational content of advanced training programs from two points of view: 1) from the point of view of the requirements for the training of the contingent of students, 2) from the point of view of the requirements for the personality of the teacher of a particular educational institution. Taking these factors into account is important, since it directly affects the nature of the training content and the technologies used. This study offers the options for modular educational programs for additional training in three fields of activity (subject, organizational, methodological, psychological): 1) the program “Difficult cases of Russian grammar and Russian word usage”, aimed at eliminating gaps in the field of subject competences; 2) the program “Problems of teaching the Russian language in a limited language environment”, aimed at eliminating gaps in the organizational and methodological sphere; 3) the program “Psychological foundations of organizing educational activities in a foreign language”, aimed at eliminating gaps in the field of psychological competencies. Sequential remote implementation of modules included in additional professional training programs will provide access to up-to-date methodological knowledge for a large number of teachers of Russian as a foreign language.
Leadership for Education in a Digital Age
Authors: Fedorova Svetlana Ivanovna , Krylova Yulia Sergeyevna , Nesterova Antonina Yuryevna , Plotnikova Viktoria Sergeyevna , Yanushkina Galina Mikhailovna
Published: September 2021

The article deals with some pedagogical aspects of the digitalization of education. The idea of a digital teacher as the leader of digital educational activity is in the focus of the theoretical analysis presented in the article. It is noted that knowledge and information, together with sustainability initiatives, organizational and technological innovations, start-ups, next-practice platforms, smart solutions, systems, technologies and instruments, etc., have become the present-day key drivers of innovative educational platforms, online courses, digital textbooks, etc. influence on the transformation of the educational environment. Education is becoming more personalized. The content of teaching and learning is being changed radically according to its new values, meanings, orientations, as well as educational and pedagogical discourses. It is stressed in the article that teacher’s digital skills and competencies should be identified as the key professional pedagogical skills and competencies for his or her life-long learning, professional development and professional growth due to the challenges of the 21st-century knowledge, information and innovations society and education. As it is stated in the article, to fulfill a system of professional-pedagogical and educational functions more effectively and to guarantee the optimal implementation of information and communication technologies. It is quite necessary for teachers to have adequate skills and competencies that characterize his or her digital professional culture of teaching.
Formation of educational ecosystems through the digital transformation of the educational environment
Authors: Gerashchenko Irina Petrovna , Kovalev Vasiliy Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2021

Cognitive and digital transformation stimulates both academic and applied interest in the concept of socio-economic ecosystems. Today, traditional interaction chains in education, cooperation forms, for example, network ones, should give way to new organizational-economic interaction mechanisms – educational ecosystems. Research purpose is development of theoretical approaches to the formation of cross-geographic educational ecosystems through the digital transformation of the educational environment. The study is based on general scientific methods of systematization, comparison and generalization of research in the field of formation and functioning of ecosystems. Structural-functional and integrated approaches were used to develop the concept of formation of educational ecosystems. A comparative analysis of three overlapping ecosystem concepts (business ecosystems, knowledge ecosystems and innovation ecosystems) was carried out. The type, approaches and strategies for the formation of cross-geographic educational ecosystems have been determined. It is noted that digital transformation forms a digital educational environment, which can serve as the basis for the formation of cross-geographic educational ecosystems. As a typical basis for the formation of an educational ecosystem, it is proposed to use a business ecosystem as a form of socio-economic interaction of actors. As a strategy for the formation of an ecosystem, a structural strategy is defined with the allocation of a core – a leading university or an association of universities, and as actors – universities, students, post-graduate students, teachers, employees, graduating students, employers and other stakeholders. It is noted that the core plays a key role in the formation of a cross-geographic educational ecosystem. An effective strategy of the educational business ecosystem depends on the ability of the core to place other participants in positions and endow them with roles, on the one hand, corresponding to the strategy of the ecosystem as a whole, on the other hand, ensuring the actors’ satisfaction.
Integrating preparation for international exams into foreign language education curriculum at university
Authors: Fedorova Dina Vladimirovna , Pashneva Svetlana Alexandrovna , Klimentyeva Victoria Viktorovna , Klimentyev Dmitry Dmitrievich , Umerenkova Anna Valerievna
Published: September 2021

In order to increase competitiveness of graduates not only in our country, but abroad as well, the development of the higher education system in Russia requires qualitative changes in the content of language training of students who are to be capable of integration into the global multicultural community, academic mobility, independence and constant professional growth. In this regard, there arises a question whether the quality of students’ knowledge, skills and abilities in the field of foreign language communication may comply with the requirements of international standards. The article reflects the results of theoretical research and practical experience in international exams preparation as part of foreign language instruction provided by the Foreign Languages Faculty of Kursk State University thus substantiating the hypothesis that it is possible to optimize the development of skills and abilities necessary to successfully pass international exams if the subject-related tasks and exercises are designed in their format and offered both for in-class and self-study activities. The purpose hereof is to explore feasibility of implementing effective preparation for international language exams in class without interference with the major curriculum. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development and testing of a model of the educational trajectory leading to the formation of the competencies that meet international standards of foreign language education in graduates, majoring in languages. Having applied classical research methods analysis of publications and accumulated methodological experience, trial learning and observation – the authors came to the conclusion that the proposed approach is feasible and productive.
State family policy in France and Russia
Authors: Shaidenko Nadezhda Anatolievna , Orekhova Elena Yakovlevna , Sergeev Alexander Nikolaevich , Kipurova Svetlana Nikolaevna
Published: September 2021

State family policy and its important direction, which is the improvement of the living conditions of orphans and children left without parental care, require constant updating due to socio-economic and political circumstances. Changes should concern both the state level and the level of specific regions. The improvement of the forms and methods of relations between the state, family and children in a particular country is possible with the consideration of the advanced achievements and miscalculations of other states in this policy. Therefore, it is highly important for the theory and practice of the development of Russian family state and regional policy to study the experience of France. The study made it possible to draw conclusions about the specifics of state policy in the formation of family and childhood in France. In this period, family policy in France has gone from exclusion from the family by the school to a discourse of cooperation. Particular attention is paid to the French School Orientation and Reform Act of June 8, 2013, of particular interest. It recognizes the importance of establishing partnerships between the school and the family and proposes measures of cooperation between school and family, some of which are interesting for contemporary Russian reality. The article shows the advantage of modern Russian family state policy by characterizing its goals, principles and objectives defined in the main regulatory documents of the last decade. The materials of the article are of practical value for legislators and heads of social services of different levels, specialists of educational authorities, social protection, guardianship and trusteeship. The article is of interest to teachers and students of pedagogical universities.
Wirksamkeit der Bauchlagerung bei ARDS
Authors: Tropmann Jenny , Müller Irene
Published: September 2021

Die derzeitige SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie zeigt, dass ein ARDS nach wie vor mit einer hohen Mortalität einhergeht. Eine aufwendige, aber wirksame und etablierte Intervention in der Intensivpflege ist die Bauchlagerung, die allerdings auch nicht frei von Komplikationen ist. Der folgende Beitrag zeigt, dass die Bauchlagerung bei ARDS wirksam ist, wenn bestimmte Kriterien beachtet werden. Die Literaturrecherche ist ein Auszug aus einer Bachelorarbeit im Studiengang Pflege Dual aus dem Jahr 2020.
Zusammenhang von biologischer Reife, Körperkonstitution und körperlicher Fitness und der Leistung auf dem Ruderergometer bei Elite-Nachwuchsruderinnen
Authors: Thiele Dirk , Prieske Olaf , Gäbler Martijn , Granacher Urs
Published: September 2021

Hintergrund Prädiktoren ruderspezifischer Leistungen wurden bislang im Nachwuchsleistungsrudersport nur unzureichend analysiert. Entsprechend war es das Ziel der vorliegenden Studie, Zusammenhänge zwischen der biologischen Reife, der Körperkonstitution sowie der körperlichen Fitness und der Leistung auf dem Ruderergometer bei Elite-Nachwuchsathletinnen zu untersuchen sowie Prognosen zur Leistung auf dem Ruderergometer aus diesen Parametern abzuleiten.

Methode Insgesamt nahmen 26 Elite-Nachwuchsruderinnen im Alter von 13,1 ± 0,5 Jahren (Abstand zum maximalen Wachstumsspurt: 2,2 ± 0,5 Jahre; mittlerer Trainingsumfang: 10 Stunden/Woche) an der Studie teil. Im Rahmen von Leistungsüberprüfungen im März 2016/2017 wurden Parameter der biologischen Reife (Abstand zum geschätzten Zeitpunkt des Wachstumsspurts), der Körperkonstitution (Körperhöhe/-masse, Mager-/Körperfettmasse), der Maximalkraft (Einer-Wiederholungsmaximum (EWM) Bankziehen, Beinpresse, isometrische Handkraft), der Schnellkraft (Hockstrecksprung), der Kraftausdauer (Bourban-Rumpfkraftausdauertest), des dynamischen Gleichgewichts (Y-Balance-Test) und der Richtungswechselschnelligkeit (Multistage Shuttle Run) sowie der Leistung auf dem Ruderergometer über 700 m erfasst. Lineare Regressionsanalysen wurden für die Modelle (1) biologische Reife, (2) biologische Reife und Körperkonstitution sowie (3) biologische Reife, Körperkonstitution und körperliche Fitness durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse Die statistische Analyse zeigte signifikante (p≤ 0,01) mittlere bis hohe Korrelationskoeffizienten (0,57 ≤r≤ 0,8) zwischen der biologischen Reife, Kennwerten der Körperkonstitution (Körperhöhe/-masse, Magermasse), der Maximalkraft (EWM Bankziehen, isometrische Handkraft) sowie der Kraftausdauer (Bourban-Rumpfkraftausdauertest) mit der Leistung auf dem Ruderergometer. Die lineare Regressionsanalyse identifizierte für das Modell 3 mit den Prädiktoren Körperkonstitution (Magermasse) und Kraftausdauer (Bourban-Rumpfkraftausdauertest) die beste Aufklärung für den 700m-Ruderergometertest (R² = 0,94; Akaike-Informationskriterium (AIC) = 82,1). Die Varianzaufklärung war größer als bei Modell 1 (R² = 0,60; AIC = 131,5) und Modell 2 (R² = 0,63; AIC = 111,6).

Schlussfolgerungen Aufgrund der vorliegenden Ergebnisse wird Trainern im Nachwuchsrudersport empfohlen, ausgewählte Merkmale der biologischen Reife, Körperkonstitution sowie der körperlichen Fitness (Maximalkraft, Kraftausdauer) für die Talententwicklung zu berücksichtigen, da diese besonders hoch mit der Leistung auf dem Ruderergometer assoziiert sind.
An Explanation of Ultradilution and Potentization in Homeopathy
Authors: Allan Norman
Published: September 2021

This thesis attempts to explain the phenomena of ultradilution and homeopathic potentization with an anecdotal account of a biotinylated dot-blot demonstration of ultradilution brought to the attention of the Pomeranz laboratory, University of Toronto, in 1989. It is argued that the dot-blots are not only data but that they are also an expression of ultradilution itself. Moreover, it is considered that ultradilution and homeopathic potentization can be explained by: (1) Poincaré's recurrence (the disappearance and return of the signal); (2) succussion, resonance and amplification (preservation of the signal); (3) quantum coherence domains (the nature of the signals); and (4) generation of harmonics (the transformation of the signal).
Clinical Study on Different Delivery Methods of Twin Pregnancy
Authors: Hu Liyan
Published: September 2021

Objective To investigate the effect of different methods of delivery on the outcome of twin pregnancies.

Study Design This is a retrospective cohort review of 627 twin pregnancies with delivery from January 2016 to December 2019. According to the clinical guidelines for cesarean section, the cesarean section and vaginal delivery groups were determined. Finally, the baseline information, delivery method, pregnancy outcome, and maternal and infant complications of the two groups were compared.

Results For different delivery methods, the incidence of preeclampsia was significantly higher in the cesarean section group than in the vaginal delivery group (X
2 = 4.405, p < 0.05). There were 23 fetal growth ratios (FGR) in the cesarean section group, which were significantly higher than the vaginal delivery group (X
2 = 4.740, p < 0.05). However, the incidence of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) in the vaginal delivery group was significantly higher than in the cesarean section group (X
2 = 5.235, p < 0.05). In addition, the volume of postpartum bleeding in the vaginal delivery group was significantly higher than in the cesarean section group (t = 4.723, p < 0.001). The neonatal weights and 5-minute Apgar scores of the vaginal delivery group were lower than the cesarean section group, and the difference was statistically significant. In the vaginal delivery group, 48 and 26 neonates were transferred to the intensive care and neonatal units, respectively, which were significantly higher than in the cesarean section group (X
2 = 5.001, p < 0.05).

Conclusion The major complications of a twin pregnancy are gestational diabetes mellitus and PPROM. Cesarean section can reduce the rate of neonatal asphyxia in twins and improve the pregnancy outcome.

Key Points
The Use of Gadolinium in Musculoskeletal MRI—Time to Rethink?
Authors: Elawad Arwa , Shah Amit , Davies Mark , Botchu Rajesh
Published: September 2021

Magnetic resonance imaging has continued to evolve over the recent decades, in part, due to the evolution of gadolinium-based contrast agents and their use. These were initially thought to have a relatively low-risk profile. However, there is mounting evidence that trace amounts of gadolinium are retained within the body. To ascertain the current use of gadolinium in medical practice, we performed a survey of musculoskeletal radiologists, within the United Kingdom, Europe and India. The survey demonstrated varied practices amongst all radiologists with relatively indiscriminate use of gadolinium. In this review, we discuss the current evidence for and against the use of gadolinium in musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging.
Imaging in Carcinoma Cervix and Revised 2018 FIGO Staging System: Implications in Radiology Reporting
Authors: Dhamija Ekta , Gulati Malvika , Manchanda Smita , Singhal Seema , Sharma Dayanand , Kumar Sunesh , Bhatla Neerja
Published: September 2021

The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system of carcinoma cervix saw a radical change in 2018 with the inclusion of cross-sectional imaging tools for the assessment of disease extent and staging. One of the major revisions is the inclusion of lymph node status, detected either on imaging or pathological evaluation, in the staging system. The changes were based on long-term patient follow-up and survival rates reported in literature. Thus, it becomes imperative for a radiologist to be well versed with the recent staging system, its limitations, and implications on the patient management.
A Retrospective Comparative Analysis of Latissimus Dorsi (LD) Flap Versus Thoracodorsal Artery Perforator (TDAP) Flap in Total Breast Reconstruction with Implants: A Pilot Study
Authors: Brambilla Leonardo , Parisi P. , Gatto A. , Codazzi D. , Baronetto N. , Gilardi R. , Giovanazzi R. , Marchesi A.
Published: September 2021

Background In breast surgery, an autologous flap combined with implant may reduce the risk or repair the soft-tissue defects in several cases. Traditionally, the preferred flap is the myocutaneous latissimus dorsi (LD) flap. In the perforator flap era, the evolution of LD flap is the thoracodorsal artery perforator (TDAP) flap. The aim of this study is the comparison between LD flap and TDAP flap with implants in terms of early complications and shoulder function.

Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study in accordance with the STROBE guidelines. Between January 1 2015 and January 1 2020, 27 women underwent a unilateral total breast reconstruction with LD or TDAP flap combined with an implant at our institution. 15 women were operated with LD flap and 12 with TDAP flap. The most frequent indications for intervention were results of mastectomy and radiation-induced contracture. We evaluated several data in terms of clinical and demographical characteristics, operative and perioperative factors, and follow-up variables. We assessed shoulder function through the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH).

Results The rate of complications was significantly lower in the TDAP group compared with the LD group (16.7% vs 60.0%, p = 0.047. Table 3). Although the small sample size limited further detailed statistical analyses, we particularly noticed no cases of donor site seroma in the TDAP group, as compared with four in the LD group. Patients in the TDAP group had an ∼11-point lower mean DASH score compared with the LD group (9.8 vs 20.5). This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.049).

Conclusions TDAP flap seems to be a reliable technique for soft-tissue coverage in total breast reconstruction with implants. In comparison with the traditional LD flap, it could be a more favorable option in terms of less complications and better quality of life.
Cardiac Dysfunction in Neonatal HIE Is Associated with Increased Mortality and Brain Injury by MRI
Authors: Altit Gabriel , Bonifacio Sonia L. , Guimaraes Carolina V. , Bhombal Shazia , Sivakumar Ganesh , Yan Beth , Chock Valerie , Meurs Krisa V.
Published: September 2021

Objective Describe the association between cardiac dysfunction and death or moderate-to-severe abnormalities on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in neonates undergoing therapeutic hypothermia for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

Study Design Retrospective study in neonates with moderate or severe HIE undergoing therapeutic hypothermia between 2008 and 2017. Primary outcome was death or moderate-to-severe brain injury using the Barkovich score. Conventional and speckle-tracking echocardiography measures were extracted from available echocardiograms to quantify right (RV) and left (LV) ventricular functions.

Results A total of 166 newborns underwent therapeutic hypothermia of which 53 (36.5%) had echocardiography performed. Ten (19%) died prior to hospital discharge, and 11 (26%) had moderate-to-severe brain injury. There was no difference in chronologic age at echocardiography between the normal and adverse outcome groups (22 [±19] vs. 28 [±21] hours, p = 0.35). Cardiac findings in newborns with abnormal outcome included lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) at echocardiography (p = 0.004) and decreased tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (a marker of RV systolic function; p = 0.01), while the ratio of systolic pulmonary artery (PA) pressure to systolic BP indicated isosystemic pressures (>2/3 systemic) in both groups. A multilogistic regression analysis, adjusting for weight and seizure status, indicated an association between abnormal outcome and LV function by longitudinal strain, as well as by ejection fraction.

Conclusion Newborns who died or had moderate–to-severe brain injury had a higher incidence of cardiac dysfunction but similar PA pressures when compared with those who survived with mild or no MRI abnormalities.

Key Points
Blow-up phenomena and peakons for the gFQXL/gCH-mCH equation
Authors: Yang Shaojie , Han Xuanxuan , Wang Tingting
Published: September 2021

This paper is devoted to studying the generalized Fokas–Qiao–Xia–Li/generalized Camassa–Holm-modified Camassa–Holm (gFQXL/gCH-mCH) equation, which includes the Camassa–Holm equation, the generalized Camassa–Holm equation, the Novikov equation, the Fokas–Olver–Rosenau–Qiao/modified Camassa–Holm equation, and the Fokas–Qiao–Xia–Li/Camassa–Holm-modified Camassa–Holm equation as its special case. We first show that the gFQXL/gCH-mCH equation is locally well-posed in Besov spaces. Then, we present a blow-up criterion and a precise blow-up scenario, and utilizing the fine structure and the H1-norm conservation, we establish a finite time blow-up result with respect to the initial data. Finally, peakons are derived in an explicit formula.
Preisach modeling of imprint on hafnium zirconium oxide ferroelectric capacitors
Authors: Chojecki Paul , Walters Glen , Forrester Zane , Nishida Toshikazu
Published: September 2021

Imprint, the preferential orientation of the polarization of a ferroelectric device subjected to elevated temperatures, is a primary reliability concern afflicting data retention in ferroelectric RAM. In this paper, we demonstrate Preisach-based hysteresis modeling, which can be used to predict imprint behavior in ferroelectric thin films. A method was developed for capturing imprint in the context of a Preisach model and a numerical approach for evaluating the Preisach distribution was expanded upon. Interpolation and curve fitting were used to make predictions of the Preisach distributions of imprinted ferroelectric hafnium zirconium oxide devices after short-duration bakes at 23–260 °C and long-term bakes at 85 and 125 °C. In the case of long-term bakes, imprint-induced coercive shifts were modeled as shifts in the derivative of the top and bottom hysteretic polarization curves. The shift in the curves is modeled by fitting experimental data to a commonly used empirically logarithmic relationship reported in the literature. Simulations give remanent polarizations and coercive fields within <5.0 μC/cm2 and 0.1 V, respectively, of the raw data average.
Evaluation of interface traps inside the conduction band of InAs-on-insulator nMOSFET by self-consistent Hall-QSCV method
Authors: Sumita K. , Toprasertpong K. , Takenaka M. , Takagi S.
Published: September 2021

Interface trap density (Dit) inside the conduction band of (111)-oriented InAs-on-insulator (InAs-OI) n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistor (nMOSFET) was experimentally evaluated by developing a method through a combination of a Hall measurement and quasi-static split C–V (Hall-QSCV). The surface potential and Dit of the InAs-OI nMOSFET were self-consistently calculated by numerically solving the Schrödinger–Poisson equation. The energy distributions of Dit were found to be almost independent of the ultra-thin-body channel thickness and the quantization energy, indicating the validity of the proposed Hall-QSCV evaluation. The energy position of the Dit minimum is in good agreement with the theoretically predicted position of the charge neutrality level, which locates deeply inside the conduction band of InAs. The experimental maximum surface electron density Nsmax at the InAs MOS interface, limited by Fermi level pinning, is 1.2 × 1013 cm−2, which is 2–3 times higher than Nsmax at the In0.53Ga0.47As MOS interfaces, owing to the lower Dit inside the InAs conduction band.