bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Low and Middle Income Children with Relapsed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Single-Center Experience
Authors: GUZELKUCUK Zeliha , ARMAN BİLİR Özlem , OK BOZKAYA İkbal , KAÇAR Dilek , ISİK Melek , GÜRLEK GÖKÇEBAY Dilek , ÖZBEK Namık Yaşar , YARALI Hüsniye Neşe
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aim: Despite numerous advances in treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children, relapse continues to be the leading cause of mortality. This study aimed to analyze the data of patient’s characteristics, and outcomes of children with relapsed ALL.

Material and Method: We retrospectively analyzed the records of patients aged 1–18 years diagnosed with relapsed ALL between January 2004 and December 2018.

Results: 452 ALL patients followed up in the study period and 55 patients relapsed. The relap-se rate was 12.1%. Thirty-four (61.8%) of the relapsed patients were male. The median age was seven years (1–17 years). Forty-six patients (83.6%) had precursor B-cell ALL and nine pati-ents (16.3%) had T-cell ALL. The site of relapse was bone marrow in 41 patients (74.5%), and extramedullary (central nervous system, testis, or soft tissue) in 11 patients (20%). The mean duration from the initial diagnosis to relapse was 32 months ( min-max: 4 -108 months, SD±21.2) and 20 months (min-max: 7-38 months, SD± 11.1) in patients with B- cell ALL and T- cell ALL respectively. The median follow-up time was 39.8 months (min-max: 3–198 months, SD±44.5) from the initial diagnosis. Thirty-seven patients (67.3%) died. The 5-year overall survival rate was 41.6%. Recurrent relapse and progressive disease were the most com-mon causes of death. The mortality rate was significantly associated with the immunophenotype, treatment response on days 8, 15, and 33 of initial diagnosis, the risk group at initial diagnosis, the site of relapse, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (p
Evaluation of the Effect of Pelvic Types on Trans-Sacral Screw Corridor Diameter (Retrospective Analysis Using Computerized Tomography Data)
Authors: KARATEKİN Yavuz Selim , BALTA Orhan
Published: October 2023

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of pelvis type on the trans-sacral(TS) screw corridor diameter.

Methods: Pelvis computed tomography (CT) scans between 2017 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Age, gender, height, weight and body mass index (BMI) of the patients were determined during the CT examination. Pelvic CT scans were examined using the imaging system's multi-plane reconstruction (MPR) mode, and the TS screw corridor was measured for both the upper and second sacral segments. In addition, pelvic incidence (PI), sacral tilt (SS), and pelvic tilt (PT) values were measured. Pelvis typing was performed using the large transverse diameter, anteroposterior diameter, interspinous, intertuberocytosis, transverse outlet diameter, sagittal mid-pelvic diameter, and sagittal outlet values.

Results: 81(38%) male and 132(62%) female patients were included in the study. Gynecoid pelvis type was more common in females and android pelvis in males (p < 0.001). The largest diameters in the TS screw corridor at the S1 level belonged to the anthropoid pelvis type. However, in the TS corridor at the S2 level, there was a significant difference between the pelvis-type groups in the mean values of AP and CC (p < 0.001). The effect of gender difference on the TS screw corridor width at the S1 and S2 levels was significant. An adequate corridor width for the TS screw corridor was detected in 50.8% of females and 67.9% of males at the S1 level, while in 21.2% of females and 70.4% of males at the S2 level.

Conclusions: There is a significant difference in the dimensions of the trans-sacral screw corridor according to the pelvis type and gender, with the largest diameter observed in the anthropoid pelvis type and males. In critical situations, especially in males and individuals with android-anthropoid pelvis, the trans-sacral screw option should be considered primarily not only for the S1 trans-sacral corridor but also for the S2 trans-sacral corridor in pelvic posterior ring injuries
Dynamic thiol/disulphide homeostasis and ischemic modified albumin levels in idiopathic polyhydramnios
Authors: ÖZGÜRLÜK İzzet , SAHİN Dilek
Published: October 2023

Objective: The aim of study was to determine whether idiopathic polyhydramnios is in relation with dynamic thiol-disulfide homeostasis and ischemia modified albumin levels or not.

Materials and methods: In this prospective case- control study, a total of 126 participants were included. The patient group consisted of 56 patients who were diagnosed idiopathic polyhydramnios, and the control group consisted of 56 healthy normal pregnant. Native thiol (-SH), total thiol (-SH. -SS), dynamic disulfide (-SS), values from maternal serum were measured and compared between groups.

Results: 112 patients aged between 18-35 years, consisting of 56 idiopathic polyhydramnios and 56 control groups were included in the study. Maternal serum native and total thiol values were significantly higher in study group compared to control group (382.2 ±78.5 mmol/L vs. 331.8 ±43.9 mmol/L, p
Knowledge level about HPV infection and cervical cancer screening tests
Authors: ALDIKAÇTIOĞLU TALMAÇ Merve , VURAL Nazlı Aylin , SATILMIŞOĞLU Zeliha Zeynep , HOCAGİL Füreya Zilal , ATASOY RUSEN Merve , ÇETİNKAYA Nilüfer
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Understanding HPV and cervical cancer is vital for prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment. Nurses play a crucial role in implementing screening and are also at risk. This study examines nurses' knowledge and practices regarding HPV and cervical cancer screening in a tertiary center.

Materials and Methods: It is a prospective survey study conducted with nurses. A total of 191 nurses participated in the three-part and 53-item survey that evaluated demographic data, HPV knowledge levels and cervical cancer screening awareness.

Results: A total of 2895 nurses work at the hospital. The rate of participation in the research was 6.6% with 191 participants. The average age of the participants is 27.1. Majority of the participants are female (n: 171, 89.5%), only 20 (10.5%) are male. While 81.9% of the respondents had knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases, only 13.5% had gone to regular gynecological examinations. Despite 98.4% of the participants who had knowledge about cervical cancer and screening practices, only 11% (n:19) had undergone cervical cancer screening and 94.2% (n:180) had not received HPV vaccine. The most mis-answered question about HPV was whether current vaccines protect against both genital warts and cervical cancer.

Conclusion: In conclusion, nurses' knowledge level and screening practices about HPV and cervical cancer need to be improved. It is also important to increase awareness of the HPV vaccine and encourage more people to receive it. This effort could positively impact health outcomes related to cervical cancer and HPV.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Acute Migraine Treatment in Pediatric and Adolescent Populations
Authors: ÖZDEMİR KAÇER Emine , ATEŞ Can
Published: October 2023

Backgrounds: The array of medications used to treat acute migraine in adults is extensive, with several now authorized for use in children and adolescents in outpatient settings.

Aims: The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the impact of pharmacological interventions, regardless of the method of delivery, compared to placebo, in treating migraine among individuals aged 18 years or younger.

Materials and Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library for comparative RCTs published 30 years before May 2023. We included prospective randomized controlled clinical trials of children and adolescents with migraine, comparing acute symptom-relieving migraine medications with a placebo.

Results: Twelve clinical trials were included in this meta-analysis. The migraine treatment choice and the proportion of patients with complete pain relief at 2 hours post-treatment were analyzed. Ibuprofen (n=2), sumatriptan (n=3), zolmitriptan (n=3), and rizatriptan (n=4) were used for the analysis. Notably, sumatriptan did not exhibit significant differences compared to placebo, despite mixed individual study outcomes (OR:1.35; 95% CI 0.81, 2.27). Rizatriptan displayed varying efficacies across age groups, showing no significant difference in adolescents aged 12-17 years (p>0.05). Zolmitriptan showed dose-dependent effectiveness, with higher doses yielding better outcomes (OR:2.18; 95% CI 1.45,3.28). Ibuprofen emerged as the sole non-triptan medication to demonstrate efficacy in achieving pain-free status at 2 hours, with a favorable safety profile (OR:2.54; 95% CI 1.20, 5.37).

Conclusion: These findings suggest that ibuprofen, zolmitriptan, and rizatriptan are potential treatment options for rapidly relieving migraine in children and adolescents. However, ibuprofen may have advantages over triptans, owing to its convenience and cost-effectiveness.
Evaluation of the effect of intraoperative frozen section on overall timeliness and survival in lung cancer surgery
Authors: ŞENGÜL İNAN Merve , İNAN Kubilay , AYTEKİN ÇELİK İlknur , KARAOGLANOGLU Nurettin
Published: October 2023

Background/Aim: We aimed to find out whether there is any delay in the management of the process in patients operated on for lung cancer and to understand the effect of intraoperative frozen section on this process.

Methods: 176 patients were analyzed in total. The dates of admission, diagnosis, operation, and postoperative pathology results were noted. Five intervals were defined as time from first evaluation to diagnosis, first evaluation to surgery, diagnosis to surgery, first evaluation to the day of the postoperative pathology report, and diagnosis to the day of the postoperative pathology report.

Results: The majority of patients (81.8%) were male, and the median age was 63 years (iqr = 11). The median time between the first assessment and the final pathological examination result was 62 days (iqr = 70). The time from initial presentation to surgery was significantly shorter (p 0.001), and the time from diagnosis to final pathology was also significantly shorter (p 0.001) in patients diagnosed by frozen section. However, there was no significant difference in the time from initial evaluation to diagnosis between the two groups (0.052). There was no significant difference in survival between patients diagnosed by freezing and patients diagnosed by other methods (p = 0.508).

Conclusion: Solutions to increase the timeliness of care for patients with lung cancer can be designed with a better understanding of delays. Intraoperative frozen section diagnosis improves overall timeliness but has no effect on survival in lung cancer patients undergoing surgery.
Comparison of Results of the sIPOM and the IPOM-Plus Techniques for Small and Medium-Sized Primary Midline Abdominal Wall Hernias
Authors: TAŞDELEN Halil Afşin
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Aims: To compare the results of the standard intraperitoneal onlay mesh (sIPOM) and intraperitoneal onlay mesh-plus (IPOM-Plus) techniques for the repair of small and medium-sized primary midline abdominal wall hernias (PMAWHs).

Material and Method: A prospectively documented data of 82 patients who underwent the sIPOM and IPOM-Plus approach between January 2016 and December 2021 was retrospectively evaluated. Forty-one patients with PMAWH repaired with sIPOM (18) and IPOM-Plus (23) were included in the study. Median follow-up for the sIPOM and IPOM-Plus was 73 and 51 months (mean 73.83±7.81vs. 47.43±19.22), respectively.

Results: Both groups had no difference in demographics, comorbidities, and smoking habits. The mesh area (MA) and the mesh-to-defect ratio (MDR) were not significant (p=0.083 and p= 0.30, respectively); however, the defect area (DA) was higher in the sIPOM group (p= 0.005). The IPOM-Plus group had a longer operative time and length of hospital stay (LOHS) and higher early postoperative pain than the IPOM group (p = 0.002, p = 0.049 and p
Arterial Spin Labelling Magnetic Resonance Perfusion Imaging for the Diagnosis of Acute Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
Authors: GÖRGÜLÜ Ümit , HATİPOĞLU ÇETİN Hatice Gül
Published: October 2023

Abstract

Background: Early diagnosis of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is crucial for a favourable prognosis as CVT can lead to severe outcomes. However, certain scenarios, such as during pregnancy, restrict the use of contrast agents, thus rendering conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods insufficient for accurate diagnosis. In light of these challenges, our study endeavours to assess the diagnostic potential of the arterial spin labelling magnetic resonance perfusion (ASL-MRP) technique, a contrast-agent–free approach, in the context of CVT diagnosis.

Materials and Methods: Between 1 March 2022 and 30 May 2022, patients diagnosed with CVT via contrast-enhanced MR venography in the neurology clinic of our hospital were evaluated through ASL-MRP. Patient-specific demographics, including age, gender, presenting symptoms, underlying causes, impacted cortical sinus structures and MRI findings, were documented. Within the framework of ASL-MRP, an elevation in cerebral blood flow (CBF) detected within the affected sinus and/or neighbouring structures was deemed indicative of pathological conditions.

Results: Among the 13 patients included in our study, six were diagnosed with acute CVT, whereas seven were diagnosed with chronic CVT. The assessment of CBF using ASL-MRP revealed CBF elevation in five out of the six cases (83.3%) exhibiting acute CVT. However, no anomalous findings were observed in the ASL-MRP scans of patients presenting with chronic CVT.

Discussion: The utilisation of ASL-MRP eliminates the need for contrast agent administration. It is a promising technique in facilitating the diagnosis of acute CVT and distinguishing it from chronic CVT cases.
Breast Cancer Awareness Among Women Patients of a Private Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study on Risk Factors, Symptoms, and Attitudes in Turkey
Authors: KAYIKÇIOĞLU Hatice
Published: October 2023

Background/Aims: The global prevalence of breast cancer continues to rise, necessitating heightened awareness, early detection, and effective management strategies. This study aimed to assess differences in breast cancer awareness, risk factors, symptoms, and attitudes among economically well-off female patients in Turkey.

Material and Methods: A single-center survey was conducted at a private hospital, involving 189 economically well-off patients. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for data analysis.

Results: Participants had a mean age of 50.2 years, with the highest awareness of risk factors and symptoms observed in the 31-50 age group. Marital status and education were associated with breast cancer awareness, risk factors, symptoms, and screening methods. Education level correlated with enhanced knowledge of risk factors and symptoms. The prevalence of breast cancer risk awareness was 41.2%, with the most recognized risk factors being smoking and family history. Palpable lump (36.4%) and redness of breast skin (16.9%) were identified as common symptoms. Screening methods included self-breast examination (12.2%), physician examination (13.2%), ultrasonography (19%), magnetic resonance imaging (15.9%), and mammography (23.3%).

Discussion: Breast cancer remains a critical global health concern, necessitating increased awareness and early detection. In Turkey, breast cancer poses a significant health burden. Socioeconomic factors impact awareness and outcomes, with education and marital status influencing awareness levels. The study highlights the need for tailored interventions and accessible screening programs to enhance awareness and early detection.

Conclusion: This study sheds light on breast cancer awareness and attitudes among economically well-off female patients in Turkey. Education, marital status, and age play pivotal roles in shaping awareness levels. Targeted interventions and education are crucial for improving early detection, reducing mortality rates, and effectively addressing breast cancer.
Evaluation of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Associated Optic Pathway Gliomas
Authors: VURAL Özge , OKUR Arzu , PINARLI Faruk Güçlü
Published: October 2023

Background/Aims: Optic pathway gliomas (OPGs) are low-grade gliomas histologically represented by pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) in 90% of cases, can develop from any part of the visual pathways such as optic nerve, chiasm, optic tract, or optic radiations which frequently involve the hypothalamus. OPGs account for 3–5% of childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumors and about 2% of pediatric glial lesions. OPGs are believed to be the most prevalent intracranial tumor in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) and can occur in 15–20% of NF-1 cases. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical features and treatment response in patients diagnosed with optic glioma and NF-1.

Methods: All cases diagnosed with OPG and received treatment in the Pediatric Oncology Department, between January 2015 to January 2021 were retrospectively evaluated. Inclusion criteria include children and adolescents with OPG aged between 0 and 18 years. The medical records (gender, age, tumor entity, tumor location) of patients, as well as their treatment history and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, were examined. The diagnosis of OPG was made clinically and radiologically by the tumor board. The recommendations of the Response Assessment in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology (RAPNO) working group were used in the diagnosis and evaluation of treatment response. Patients received intravenous chemotherapy with SIOP LGG 2004 (vincristine- carboplatin) with or without bevacizumab (10 mg/kg, started every 2 weeks), therapy or vinblastine (3 mg/m2, weekly).

Results: This study included 27 cases during the study period from January 2015 to January 2021. In this study there were 14 male (51.8 %) and 13 female (48.1 %) patients. The median age was 4.8 (range: 0.5–14.9) years. Biopsy was performed in three patients and the diagnosis was low-grade glioma (pilocytic astrocytoma) for all of them. Chemotherapy was administered to 22 cases in total. Twelve patients received vincristine-carboplatine, 5 patients received vincristine-carboplatin with bevacizumab and 5 patients received vinorelbine. Radiological response was evaluated in all 22 patients at 3 months MRI. No patient had a radiological complete respons, 11 patients (50%) had partial response, 2 patients (9%) presented with a progressive disease, showing an increase in measurements of 35% and 9 patients(40.9%) had stable disease at the 3-month evaluation.

Conclusions: Systemic and visual problems play a significant role in the selection of treatment for pediatric patients with optic gliomas. An essential treatment option for improving symptoms and reducing tumor size is systemic chemotherapy. A crucial therapy option for enhancing vision is bevacizumab for the patients with NF-associated OPG.
An Investigation into the Assessment of Nutritional Status, Quality of Life, and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among Women Affected by Breast Cancer
Authors: ÇAPALI ŞAHİN Yekta , YILMAZ Sine
Published: October 2023

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the quality of life and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) among female breast cancer patients.

Material and Method: The study included a cohort of 120 women who received a breast cancer diagnosis within the last year. Anthropometric measurements were conducted, and body composition analysis was carried out to determine body fat percentage. The Mediterranean Diet Adherence Scale (MEDAS) and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) were employed for data collection.

Results: A total of 120 breast cancer patients, with an average age of 49.8±10.56 years, were enrolled in the study. Among these participants, 42.5% were categorized as having a normal weight. The mean waist circumference and waist/hip ratio were 94.6±12.20 cm and 0.87±0.10, respectively. Body fat percentages were determined to be 36.8±8.61%. The average total energy intake was 1944.9±385.24 kcal, with the percentage of total fat intake from energy averaging at 35.6±4.81%. Patients had a mean body mass index (BMI) of 29.0±5.80 kg/m², with 40.8% of them classified as obese. The mean MEDAS score was 7.3±2.65, and the EORTC QLQ-C30 score averaged at 69.7±11.94. There is a negative correlation was found between BMI, waist circumference and MEDAS score; A positive correlation was found between MEDAS scores and EORTC scores.

Conclusion: Breast cancer patients with high compliance with the Mediterranean diet have a higher quality of physical, emotional and social life. Therefore, evaluation of modifiable risk factors in breast cancer patients is essential for the prognosis of the disease.
Comparison of pregnancy outcomes among adolescent pregnant women, young adult pregnant women, and adult pregnant women over ten years in our tertiary care clinic
Authors: ÜNAL Ömer
Published: October 2023

Summary

Objective: In this study, we aimed to compare the results of adolescent pregnancies, which we think is a big problem for our country, with young and adult pregnant women.

Material and Method: We included 15705 individuals in our retrospective cohort study. In our study, the adolescent pregnant group was 5235 people, the young adult group was 5235, and the adult group was 5235. We conducted the study at a tertiary center between January 2012 and April 2022. Before starting the study, we received the ethics committee approval of our institution, numbered KAEK/2022.04.109. We complied with the Declaration of Helsinki at all stages of the study. In the study, we compared the demographic data of the groups with the maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum.

We performed a One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to compare group means. We used odds ratio calculation to determine risk ratios between groups. We used SPSS for Windows 24.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) for the analyses. We presented the data as mean, standard deviation, and ratio and considered them statistically significant when the P value was less than 0.05.

Result: Our study observed that the risk of having PROM in adolescent pregnant women increased approximately two times compared to adult pregnant women (aOR=01.987, 95%Cl=1.197-2454, p=0.001). When we researched the IUGR results, we found that the risk increased approximately two times in adolescent pregnant women (aOR=2.129, 95%Cl=1.754-2.947, p
Evaluation of Response to Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Survival Outcomes in Patients with Brain Metastases from Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: DELİKGÖZ SOYKUT Ela , ODABASİ Eylem , ŞENOL Serdar , YILMAZ Salih Buğra , TATAROĞLU Hatice , BARAN Ahmet
Published: October 2023

Aim: Gastrointestinal cancers rarely metastasize to the brain and constitute 4-8% of all brain metastases (BM). Survival is generally poor for BM from gastrointestinal cancers and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is frequently used in its management. Since the data are still insufficient due to their rare presentation, we aim to analyze the clinical results of patients who underwent SRS for BM due to gastrointestinal cancers.

Material and Method: We retrospectively reviewed patients with BM from gastrointestinal cancers who received robotic SRS with CyberKnife at our institute from October 2013 to December 2022. Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes were recorded. Study endpoints were local control rates, distant brain control rates, and overall survival (OS).

Results: A total of 61 BM were detected in 42 patients. The median clinical follow-up time was 7 (0.5-36) months. Nine lesions progressed in the irradiated area, 14 new lesions were observed outside the irradiated area. The local control rate was 85.1% and the distant brain control rate was 77%. The median OS was 8 months; 12-month and 24-month OS were 31.6% and 10.5%, respectively. Patients with high performance status had better OS (p=0.016). The prognostic scoring scales RPA and GI-GPA were both associated with OS (p=0.049, p=0.002). Multivariate analysis found a significant association between GI-GPA classes and OS (p=0.011).

Conclusion: We obtained comparable results in terms of local control, distant brain control and OS in this challenging patient population. The use of GI-GPA prognostic scoring scales in routine practice will guide the selection of the most appropriate patient for SRS.
Tracheostomy Practices in Pediatric Intensive Care Units, Single Center Experience
Authors: HAVAN Merve , TUNÇ Ali , ERSOY Murat , ASLAN Mahmut , APİ Arman
Published: October 2023

Background/Aims: Tracheostomy is one of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). While it used to be an emergency treatment method in patients with laryngeal obstruction, it is now mostly used in patients with prolonged mechanical ventilation under elective conditions. In this study, we aimed to evaluate patients who underwent tracheostomy in our PICU, indications, and complications.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from February 2018 through April 2022. Data was collected from the patient’s records and analyzed.

Results: Forty-three patients were included in the study. The median age of the patients was 5±4.99 (0-17 years) and 30 patients (69.8%) were male. During the four-year study period, the tracheostomy rate was 2.4% and the decannulation rate was 7%. All of the patients were discharged home with the home ventilator. The most common indication for tracheostomy was prolonged mechanical ventilation (88.3%). The median time of mechanical ventilation before tracheostomy was 111.6±57.22 (range 0-240) days. No surgical complications were observed during the PICU follow-up. All patients were discharged from PICU with a home-type mechanical ventilator. The median number of outpatient controls after discharge was 7.28±1.89 (range 3-10), and the median number of annual cannula replacements was 3.62±0.76 (range 1-5). 14 patients died after discharge from the PICU. None of the patients died due to tracheostomy complications. The median time of death was 30±13.97 (range 11-56) days after discharge from the PICU. When the surviving and deceased patients were compared according to age, mechanical ventilation time, and length of stay in the PICU, no significant difference was found (p=0.291, p=0.115, and p=0.291, respectively).

Conclusions: In our study, long mechanical ventilation time was the most common indication for tracheostomy, and our result is consistent with the literature. Although the timing of tracheostomy was long, no significant correlation was observed with mortality.
The Effect of Entecavir and Tenofovir Disoproxil on Bone Mineral Density in Chronic Hepatitis B Treatment
Authors: EMÜR GÜNAY Yasemin , COŞAR Arif Mansur
Published: October 2023

Background/Aim:Evaluation of the relationship between drugs and osteoporosis in patients receiving entecavir (ETV) or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) treatment for chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB).

Material and Method: The study included patients who received ETV or TDF treatment for at least 12 months between 2016 and 2021 and underwent bone mineral densitometry (BMD) measurement within 12 months after treatment. Demographic characteristics of the patients and the association of antiviral drug use with osteopenia/osteoporosis were retrospectively.

Results: The study included 170 patients, 92 (54.1%) of whom were male, with a mean age at diagnosis of 36.57 ± 14.88 years. Of the patients, 24 (14.1%) were on ETV and 146 (85.9%) were on TDF. The mean age at BMD measurement was 48.62 ± 13.4 years. The median time from diagnosis to BMD was 138.5 (15-373) months. Osteopenia/osteoporosis was found in 14 (15.2%) of male patients and 25 (32.1%) of female patients. The frequency of osteopenia/osteoporosis was significantly higher in women (p=0.011). There was no significant difference in the frequency of osteopenia/osteoporosis between ETV and TDF (p=0.112). Lumbar spine (LS) BMD was significantly higher in TDF users (p=0.043). While no patient had a BMD within 12 months of treatment initiation, 6 (3.5%) of the patients had a BMD within 24 months, 8 (4.7%) within 36 months and 25 (14.7%) within 60 months of treatment initiation.

Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the development of osteopenia/osteoporosis in patients using TDF and ETV. It was found that bone mineral measurements of patients with CHB were not performed regularly and appropriately.
Responsabilidade social corporativa e desempenho financeiro
Authors: Pinheiro Livia Bruna Gois , Pinheiro Bruno Goes , Paiva Luis Eduardo Brandão
Published: October 2023

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar como o desempenho financeiro influencia a Responsabilidade Social Corporativa em empresas no Brasil. Foram coletados dados de informações financeiras, bem como informações sobre Responsabilidade Social Corporativa, no período entre 2010 e 2019, das empresas listadas na Bolsa de Valores do Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se o sistema de dados da Economática® para obter informações sobre desempenho financeiro e de controle. Em relação à Responsabilidade Social Corporativa, adotou-se a base de dados da empresa CSRHub. A partir disso, foram utilizadas técnicas estatísticas para análise de dados, como a análise de correlação e a regressão linear múltipla dos mínimos quadrados ordinários. Os resultados permitiram evidenciar a relevância do desempenho financeiro nas práticas de responsabilidade social corporativa, podendo variar dependendo da prática social aplicada pelas organizações. O desempenho financeiro demonstrou influência nas quatro práticas de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa investigadas: comunidade, meio ambiente, governança e empregados. Nesse sentido, esta pesquisa buscou ampliar compreensões sobre a melhoria da gestão das empresas, por meio da análise das evidências que vinculam o desempenho financeiro às práticas de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa. A relevância deste estudo reside no fornecimento de comprovações concretas do impacto do desempenho financeiro nas iniciativas de Responsabilidade Social Corporativa, contribuindo, portanto, para o aprimoramento geral da gestão empresarial.
Corporate social responsibility and financial performance
Authors: Pinheiro Livia Bruna Gois , Pinheiro Bruno Goes , Paiva Luis Eduardo Brandão
Published: October 2023

This research aimed to analyze how financial performance influences Corporate Social Responsibility in companies in Brazil. Data was collected on financial information, as well as information on Corporate Social Responsibility, for the period between 2010 and 2019, from companies listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange. For data collection, the Economatica® data system was used to obtain information on financial and control performance. With regard to Corporate Social Responsibility, the CSRHub database was used. Statistical techniques were then used to analyze the data, such as correlation analysis and ordinary least squares multiple linear regression. The results showed the relevance of financial performance in corporate social responsibility practices, which may vary depending on the social practice applied by the organizations. Financial performance showed an influence on the four Corporate Social Responsibility practices investigated: community, environment, governance and employees. In this sense, this research sought to broaden understandings about improving company management by analyzing the evidence linking financial performance to Corporate Social Responsibility practices. The relevance of this study lies in providing concrete evidence of the impact of financial performance on Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives, thus contributing to the overall improvement of business management.
Análise da tomada de decisões orçamentárias em um Instituto Federal de Educação
Authors: Morales Maicon Goulart , Pigatto Jose Alexandre Magrini
Published: October 2023

Este artigo examina o modelo organizacional de tomada de decisões sobre gastos discricionários e suas percepções em um Instituto Federal de Educação, descrevendo disfuncionalidades dele decorrentes. A pesquisa utiliza análise de dados secundários da execução orçamentária, normas, atas e outras fontes de tomada de decisão, bem como percepções coletadas em diferentes níveis de gestão por meio de uma survey. As disfunções foram identificadas por meio de indicadores quantitativos e as variáveis preditoras foram levantadas por meio de uma regressão. As percepções sobre o modelo de gestão de gastos foram reduzidas a dois constructos por meio de análise fatorial: proteção ao crédito orçamentário e apatia generalizada. Essas percepções sobre a gestão de gastos estão alinhadas a um modelo político de decisão caracterizado por anomalias e falhas contratuais, que se manifestam em disfunções orçamentárias, como gastos apressados no final do ano e flexibilização excessiva de despesas. Os aspectos do modelo político de decisão predominante resultam em planos de ação não concretizados, gastos realizados de maneira apressada no final dos exercícios e uso desproporcional da flexibilidade na execução orçamentária. A pesquisa contribuiu para a compreensão e melhoria do processo interno de tomada de decisão em órgãos dotados de autonomia orçamentária.
Application of neural networks for the classification of objects in video data in the tasks of automatic monitoring of the condition of biological objects
Authors:   St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cherkashin Egor A.
Published: October 2023

A steady trend towards the development of technologies in everyday life and industry leads to their constant complication, to the introduction of new developments and methods, new ways of acquiring and processing information. Video surveillance systems have become an integral part of everyday life. Cameras are installed in apartment buildings, public places, even in apartments and private houses. However, one of the most important areas where computer vision has found significant application is the observation of biological objects and analysis of their behavior and state, especially in the context of nature protection and automation of animal behavior research. With the growth of quality and quantity of video materials, the problem of accurate and efficient methods for classifying objects in real time becomes relevant, especially when it comes to automatic monitoring of animal condition. There can be no mistakes here, so it is necessary to use only the latest technology. This paper describes the main types of object recognition, considers popular modern neural network architectures, and performs a comparative analysis of some of them in relation to the problem to be solved. In the course of work using methods of additional processing and image annotators SuperVisely and VGG Image Annotator, a dataset with more than a thousand unique images for extraction of relevant characteristics of objects was formed, and experimental studies of the quality of object recognition on video using pre-trained known neural network models were carried out. The requirements to the initial data for effective solution of the problem of automatic monitoring and prediction of the condition of biological objects have been defined and formulated. It is shown that in order to avoid the appearance of blind zones in the animal habitat it is necessary to use a sufficiently large number of cameras placed with overlapping of the investigated space so that the monitoring objects were constantly in the field of visibility. This will subsequently make it possible to compile an overall high-resolution picture made up of images from all cameras and on the basis of the obtained picture to classify objects using artificial neural networks.
Discovering harmony: unravelling the work-life balance of hotel employees in Oman: an explorative study of luxury hotels in Muscat
Authors: Tumati Raja , Al-Salmi Mithaa
Published: October 2023

Purpose- The main aim of this study is to analyse the work-life balance initiatives practised in Muscat hotels. The study also aims to examine the influence of work-life balance initiatives on employee career development and retention.
Methodology- As the objective of this study was to assess and quantify several factors to provide findings, quantitative research was used. A descriptive research design was employed to collect extensive data by thoroughly detailing the topic or testing hypotheses. The sampling technique used in this study was purposeful sampling, with hotel employees in Muscat serving as the major target group. Responses from 164 individuals were gathered for the study using a questionnaire.
Findings- Flexible Working Hours (4.27) was the work-life balance practise used in hotels to assist employees in finding a balance between work and family life. Career breaks (4.35) have the highest mean rating for work-life balance practises that motivate employees to stay with their employers. The results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between work-life balance and employees’ career development, with a Pearson's r value of 0.451 and a p-value of 0.000 < 0.01. Further, the Pearson’s r correlation shows that work-life balance and employee retention are positively and significantly correlated, with the obtained Pearson's r value of 0.634 and a p-value of 0.000 < 0.01.
Conclusion- The results of this research indicate that hotels that promote work-life balance will reap benefits such as higher job satisfaction, lower turnover rates, possibilities for career advancement, better morale, and higher organisational productivity.

Keywords: Work-life balance, luxury hotels, employees, career breaks, work-life balance initiatives
JEL Codes: N30, J53, M54
Consumer s buying behavior on cotton clothing between the age group 18-24
Authors: Gupta Siddhartha , Ali Mohammad
Published: October 2023

Purpose- The Garment industry plays a vital role in the Bangladeshi economy and contributes to its export earnings. The present study has focused on primary factors of buying behavior of undergraduate students between the age group of 18-24 during the purchase of their cotton apparel. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to undertake the cotton cloth buying behavior among university students and investigate the independent predictors for their preference for such cloth.
Methodology- For identifying the independent factors, primary data was collected from 200 consumers through questionnaires across various departments of Chittagong University of Science and Technology, Chattogram, Bangladesh. The random sampling method was used for selecting the respondent. The University students who are in the age group of 18 to 24 have been selected for surveying. It is a cross-sectional study conducted among 200 students in which 65% are male and 35% are female participants. The data have been organized into four sections: clothing selection, understanding cotton, fiber composition in apparel, and marketing influences. The participants were asked to rate their responses in terms of agreement or disagreement as follows: strongly agree – 5, agree – 4, neutral – 3, disagree – 2, and strongly disagree – 1. The data has been analyzed with the help of statistical tools like percentage analysis, Z test, and Chi-square analysis.
Findings- At a 5% level of significance, it is seen that price (4.31) is the most important factor for the purchasing behavior of cotton cloths, followed by comfort (4.22) of the cotton fabric, type of fiber (4.10), manufacturers’ websites (3.89), manufacturers’ Facebook (3.84), fiber Awareness (3.71), Brand names (3.70), Prefer of cotton cloth(3.64), and Magazine advertisements (3.54) are important factors on consumers purchasing behavior but Television advertisements (3.36), Radio advertisements (3.32), Durability (3.31), Internet advertisements (3.20), Influences of friends wear (3.10), and Facebook and Twitter (2.83) are less important factors.
Conclusion- This study has focused on the knowledge regarding cotton cloth, habits, and buying behavior among University students. It is observed that male and female consumers have no significant difference regarding fiber awareness, brand names, price, comfort, affordable, versatility, internet advertisement, magazine advertisement, Facebook and Twitter advertisement, and manufacturers' websites, etc. during purchasing of cotton cloth but there is a significant relationship between male and female consumers about the type of fiber, and friends wear.

Keywords: Consumer preference, cotton clothing, buying behavior, chi-square test, university students, apparel Industry.
JEL Codes: C10, C12, C13, C19
The importance of efficiency for life insurer profit regarding Canadian life insurers
Authors: Wise William
Published: October 2023

Purpose- This study examines 1) how the efficiency of life insurers influences their profits, 2) the influence of exogenous variables such as debt ratio on profits and 3) the critical phenomenon of how feasible it is for a life company to improve its profits via efficiency improvements versus changing other characteristics of its business.
Methodology- This study uses stochastic frontier analysis along with data from Canadian life insurers to calculate the required efficiency values along with the above effects and possibilitie
Findings- The results are that it is much easier for life insurers to increase profit via efficiency improvements versus improving other business aspects that it can control such as debt ratio or percent of new business written.
Conclusion- The results point to the key conclusion that to increase profit, or regain the profit lost due to inefficiency, for the most part and conceivably totally the best, easiest and quite possibly only way for life insurance companies to influence their profit is through improving their efficiency, especially in the vital long-term

Keywords: Life ınsurance, efficiency, profit, stochastic frontier analysis, exogenous variables
JEL Codes: G22, H21, G28
Determinat,on of the best transport alternatives by entropy based WASPAS method: a comparative study on cross-competetive routes
Authors: Yasar Mehmet
Published: October 2023

Purpose- Users typically choose the option that is most convenient for them in terms of time or cost based on their preferences when multiple options are presented on the same line. In this regard, users' preferences are significantly impacted by the product components given by competing travel options. The aim of this study is to evaluate the criteria that are considered to be effective in competition and user preferences in transport corridors where there is cross-competition, and to rank the routes according to these criteria.
Methodology- In this context, transport corridors in Turkey and some European countries have been selected. The criteria evaluation of the selected routes was carried out using the Entropy method and then the ranking of the routes was carried out using the WASPAS method.
Findings- It can be seen that the London-Manchester air route is ranked first, while the Paris-Lyon air route is ranked last in the study. Taking into account the HSR ranking, the London-Manchester corridor is in first place, as in the airline sector. Among the selected routes, the Ankara-Istanbul HSR corridor is ranked the last. When it comes to bus transport, the Ankara-Istanbul route is in the top position. On the other hand, the Berlin-Frankfurt corridor comes last.
Conclusion- The results of the research are important in terms of understanding the factors that are effective in cross-competition By considering the performance criteria of these routes and their respective weightings, it can inform decisions related to the regulation of fares or the development of investment programmes to enhance the competitiveness of public transport modes such as High Speed Rail (HSR). In essence, this research fills a gap in transport decision studies by providing a comprehensive analysis of routes across all modes and providing actionable insights for policy makers.

Keywords: Cross competition, transportation modes, airline, WASPAS, entropy.
JEL Codes: D61, L91, L93.
The validity of technical analysis in the cryptocurrency market: evidence from machine learning methods
Authors: Kanat Ersin
Published: October 2023

Purpose- This study aims to assess the effectiveness of technical analysis indicators used by investors in the cryptocurrency market for making informed decisions. Emphasizing the importance of accurate decision-making methods in financial markets, this research particularly focuses on the cryptocurrency market, which has gained significant attention among investors in recent years.
Methodology- The study specifically examines technical analysis, a widely employed method in various financial markets, with a focus on its predictive capabilities concerning Bitcoin price forecasts. Leveraging advanced technologies, such as big data analysis and machine learning, the research utilizes daily trading data from January 1, 2017, to June 30, 2022, presenting technical indicators and their associated error margins.
Findings- The study highlights the significance of using Weighted Moving Average (WMA) and Stochastic Oscillator (STO) indicators in combination, demonstrating that multiple indicators outperform individual ones. This research underscores the effectiveness of technical analysis methods in the cryptocurrency market, aiding the development of enhanced investment strategies.
Conclusion- In conclusion, this study delves into the potency of technical analysis techniques employed by investors in cryptocurrency markets. The insights indicate that combining indicators and technical analysis methods holds promise for future investment strategies. It is essential to note that even the best method can lead to losses, as evidenced by the presence of error margins, and absolute profitability cannot be guaranteed through technical analysis methods.

Keywords: Cryptocurrency, technical analysis, machine-learning, classification algorithms, investment.
JEL Codes: C38, C55, G17