bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electric field modeling and analysis of EHV power line using improved calculation method
Authors: Djekidel Rabah , Bessedik Ahmed , Hadjadj Abdechafik
Published: October 2018

This paper aims is devoted to modeling and simulation of electric field
created by EHV power transmission line of 275 kV using an efficient hybrid
methodology, the charge simulation method (CSM) with the Simplex Simulated
Annealing (SIMPSA) algorithm in order to find the optimal position and number
of fictitious charges used in CSM for an accurate calculation. Various
factors that affect the electric field intensity were analyzed; it is found
that the influence of the conductor sagging is clearly remarked, the maximum
electric field strength at 1 m above the ground level recorded at mid-span
point of the power line is 3.09 kV/m, in the proximity of the pylon, the
maximum value is significantly reduced to 1.28 kV/m. The configuration type
of the transmission line (single or double circuit) and the arrangements of
phase conductors on double circuit pylons have a significant effect on the
levels of electric field around the transmission line. For a single circuit,
the triangular configuration provides the lowest maximum value of electric
field. For a double circuit, the inverse phase arrangement (abc-cba) or
low-reactance phasing produces the lowest maximum value of electric field.
The resulting maximum electric field levels were found below the exposure
values set by the ICNIRP and IRPA standards for both occupational and general
public. The simulation results of electric field are compared with those
obtained from the COMSOL 4.3b Multiphysics software, a fairly good agreement
is found.
PENGARUH MEDIA VIRTUAL FIELD TRIP TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS
Authors: Handayani Eneng Desri , Suhendar Suhendar , Ramdhan Billyardi
Published: October 2018

This study aims to find out how students' critical thinking skills after learning using Outdoor Learning method assisted by virtual media field trip on learning biology material of coral reef ecosystem. This type of research is quasi experimental research with 2 class research population taken from class X SMA. The sample of this research was chosen by using purposive sampling technique. The research design used in this research is Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The instrument used in this study is a matter of as many as 7 test questions that each have been declared valid and reliable. Based on the data requirement test, it is known that the research data is normally distributed and the two classes have the same variance (homogeneous). From the data analysis it is known that the mean posttest grade of the experimental class with the learning using the Virtual Field Trip media aid is 70.76 and the mean posttest of the control students with the learning not using the Virtual Field Trip media is 55.23. There is a significant difference to student learning outcomes, it is proved by Z-test obtained Zcount (2.13> 1.96) then this research rejects H0 and receives H1. Thus, it can be concluded that there is influence of learning outcomes on the ability of critical thinking of students who follow the learning method using Outdoor Learning media-assisted Virtual Field Trip on the material of coral reef ecosystem. Keywords: Critical Thinking, Test Problems, Virtual Field Trip.
Perbedaan Hasil Belajar Siswa yang Diajar Menggunakan Strategi Pembelajaran Aktif Tipe Index Card Match dengan Card Sort pada Materi Sistem Ekskresi Manusia di SMA Negeri 1 Binjai
Authors: Puspita Diana , Prastowo Puji
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar siswa yang diajar menggunakan strategi pembelajaran aktif tipe Index Card Match dengan Card Sort pada materi sistem ekskresi manusia di kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 1 Binjai Kabupaten Langkat tahun pembelajaran 2015/2016. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu dan rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah “Only Post-test Group Design”. Populasi penelitian yaitu seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA. Sampel penelitian diambil secara random sampling (sampel acak) yang berjumlah 86 orang terdiri dari 2 kelas.  Kelas XI IPA 3 diajar menggunakan strategi pembelajaran aktif tipe Index Card Match dan kelas XI IPA 2 diajar menggunakan strategi pembelajaran aktif tipe Card Sort. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa yang diajar menggunakan Index Card Match (81,04±9,42) lebih tinggi dari hasil belajar siswa yang diajar dengan Card Sort (75,81±9,99). Hipotesis menggunakan uji t menunjukkan bahwa hasil tersebut berbeda secara signifikan pada taraf kepercayaan .Kata Kunci: Hasil Belajar Siswa, Index Card Match, Card Sort
ANALISIS SOAL UJIAN AKHIR SEMESTER MATA PELAJARAN BIOLOGI BERDASARKAN DIMENSI PROSES KOGNITIF TAKSONOMI ANDERSON
Authors: Utami Indri Putri , Aryeni Aryeni
Published: October 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sebaran dimensi proses kognitif Taksonomi Anderson serta sebaran kompetensi dasar dan indikator pada soal ujian akhir semester ganjil biologi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Kisaran Tahun Pembelajaran 2017/2018. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif survey. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh soal ujian semester ganjil mata pelajaran biologi. Sampel penelitian diambil secara stratified sampling yang berjumlah 25 soal pada setiap tingkatan kelasnya. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan cara mengambil soal yang telah terdokumentasi. Data kemudian dianalisis sesuai dengan kata kerja operasional dimensi proses kognitif Taksonomi Anderson serta dikelompokkan sesuai dengan kompetensi dasar dan indikator pada silabus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Sebaran dimensi proses kognitif Taksonomi Anderson pada soal belum merata, soal didominasi oleh dimensi proses kognitif level mengingat (C1) dan m emahami (C2). (2) Rata-rata sebaran dimensi proses kognitif Taksonomi Anderson pada soal yaitu pada dimensi proses kognitif level C1 sebesar 41,3%, C2 sebesar 37,3%, C3 sebesar 13,3%, C4 sebesar 5,3%, C5 sebesar 2,7% dan C6 sebesar 0%. (3) Persebaran Kompetensi Dasar dan Indikator pada soal belum merata.Keywords: Analisis Soal Ujian Akhir, Dimensi Proses Kognitif, Indikator, Kompetensi Dasar, Taksonomi Anderson
Decision-Making Process in Colon Disease and Crohn’s Disease Treatment
Authors: Dardzinska Agnieszka , Kasperczuk Anna
Published: October 2018

The article presents the process of building a logistic regression model, which aims to support the decision-making process in medicine. Currently, there is no precise diagnosis for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Specialist physicians must exclude many other diseases occurring in the colon. The first goal of this study is a retrospective analysis of medical data of patients hospitalized in the Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Diseases and finding the symptoms differentiating the two analyzed diseases. The second goal is to build a system that clearly points to UC or CD, which shortens the time of diagnosis and facilitates the treatment of patients. The work focuses on building a model that can be the basis for the construction of classifiers, which are one of the basic elements in the medical recommendation system. The developed logistic regression model will define the probability of the disease and will indicate the statistically significant changes that affect the onset of the disease. The value of probability will be one of the main reasons for the decision.
Determination of Peat Elasticity Modulus (Constrained Modulus) Based on Field Measurement Using Simplified Consolidation Model
Authors: Olszewska Magdalena
Published: October 2018

The article presents methods to determine the peat elasticity modulus based on settlement measurement of the preloaded embankment. The author proposes two methods: the first does not take into consideration the strengthening of the soil as a result of the settlement and the second includes the strengthening process of soil related to the settlement. Based on the presented methods, computer simulations were performed in the first case for the assumed embankment in order to verify the methods and in the second case for the real conditions in the area of Szczecin, Poland.
Technological Moisture as a Cause of Moulds on Building Partitions
Authors: Piontek Marlena , Łuszczyńska Katarzyna , Lechów Hanna
Published: October 2018

The intense pace of construction work means that technical materials contain so-called technological moisture, which enables the development of biodeteriogenic organisms on building partitions. This article presents the mycological analysis of two buildings in Zielona Góra, whose building partitions were affected by colour deposits. In the first building (a block of flats in the shell and core condition) 7 species of moulds were determined, of which the dominant one was Cladosporium herbarum. In the second building (public utilities building) changes on the walls appeared just after refurbishment and were caused by a species of mould called Strachybotrys chartarum which is hazardous to human and animal life.
The Development of Rural Peripheral Areas in Lithuania: The Challenges of Socio-Spatial Transition
Authors: Pociūtė-Sereikienė Gintarė , Kriaučiūnas Edis
Published: October 2018

The collapse of the Soviet utopian world, where the government sought to plan and control economic and social processes, caused a wave of significant changes in the post-socialist countries. The territorial regrouping of citizens is one of the hard to control changes that started at the end of the 1990s in Lithuania. This article identifies the major changes in the settlement system in Lithuania and its effects on peripheral areas. The main scope of this article is an analysis of the potential of residents from peripheral areas to adapt to the rapidly changing socio-economic environment. For the analysis, we used data and information gathered during field trips to peripheral rural areas throughout the country between 2013 and 2014. This study found that the residents who remained in peripheral areas had several opportunities in rapidly changing environment after Lithuania gained its Independence in 1990. Interviews with local authorities allowed us to define three groups of residents and their potential to adapt to the labour market: those who are active, those who are passive and those who choose social benefits instead of a work salary. The survey results allowed us to predict that the ‘central-peripheral’ spatial structure will be one of the main factors influencing regional development in Lithuania in the near future.
Regional Development Between Cohesion and Competition – Current Theses and Fields of Action
Authors: Heintel Martin , Wanner Alice , Weixlbaumer Norbert
Published: October 2018

This contribution discusses regional development drawing on the EU member state Austria as an example. The crosscutting theme is illustrated from initial positioning through to relevant fields of action. In doing so, the way forward is seen as a process and those who accompany it are seen as the ones responsible for its implementation. Responsibilities are identified along theses. These are formed in the context of demographic change, mobility, energy, regional public services, residential development, cooperation and governance processes. Fields of action are discussed in accordance with the developed theses.
Effects of Low Level Laser Therapy on Erosive-atrophic Oral Lichen Planus
Authors: Mutafchieva Maria Z. , Draganova-Filipova Milena N. , Zagorchev Plamen I. , Tomov Georgi T.
Published: October 2018

Background: The erosive-atrophic form of oral lichen planus (OLP) is associated with severe pain and burning sensation and is often unresponsive to treatment. Topical corticosteroids are considered as a medication of first choice but they can produce adverse effects. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches are required.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of biomodulation with diode laser in patients presenting with long-standing erosive-atrophic OLP.

Materials and methods: Twelve patients, clinically and histologically diagnosed with OLP, participated in this study. The level of pain and the clinical scores of total 59 lesions were recorded before treatment using visual analog scale and Thongprasom sign scoring system respectively. All patients received low level laser therapy (LLLT) with diode laser (810 nm) with parameters (0.5 W, 30 s, 1.2 J/cm2) three times weekly for a month. The response rate was assessed according to the decrease in pain and sign scores. Treatment efficacy index was calculated.

Results: There was a significant reduction in pain after LLLT (p<0.0001). Improvement in clinical signs was achieved in 59.3% of the lesions. At the end of the treatment 5.1% of the lesions exhibited score 5; 6.8% - score 4, 11.9% of the lesions were scored 3 and 8.5% and 30.5% showed score 2 and score 1, respectively. Complete resolution was revealed in 37.3% of the lesions. All patients experienced some degree of improvement. Most of the cases showed moderate recovery.

Conclusion: The present results indicate that LLLT is an effective and harmless modality for management of erosive-atrophic OLP.
Immunohistochemical Study of the Stromal Cells in the Lactating Bovine Mammary Gland
Authors: Marettová E. , Maretta M.
Published: October 2018

The bovine mammary gland is a special gland characterized by high secretory activity. During lactation the cellular and fibrous components of the interstitial tissue septa are exposed to store accumulated secretory products. The aim of this study was to find and study the cells in the stroma of the bovine lactating mammary gland. For this purpose, the immunohistochemical methods and antibodies against the smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and desmin were used. The myoepithelial cells (MEC) which stained with smooth muscle actin (SMA), were found supporting the secretory units and the intralobular ducts. Coexpression of the SMA and desmin were found in the smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels. The fibroblasts (myofibroblasts) and free cells positive to vimentin were located in the connective tissue septa. The results of this study on the mammary glands indicated that smooth muscle cells (SMC) were altered in the lactating mammary gland, with additional cells such as fibroblasts (myofibroblasts) participated in the storage and after milk let-down they allowed the mammary glands to return to their original state.
Executing linear algebra kernels in heterogeneous distributed infrastructures with PyCOMPSs
Authors: Amela Ramon , Ramon-Cortes Cristian , Ejarque Jorge , Conejero Javier , Badia Rosa M.
Published: October 2018

Python is a popular programming language due to the simplicity of its syntax, while still achieving a good performance even being an interpreted language. The adoption from multiple scientific communities has evolved in the emergence of a large number of libraries and modules, which has helped to put Python on the top of the list of the programming languages [1]. Task-based programming has been proposed in the recent years as an alternative parallel programming model. PyCOMPSs follows such approach for Python, and this paper presents its extensions to combine task-based parallelism and thread-level parallelism. Also, we present how PyCOMPSs has been adapted to support heterogeneous architectures, including Xeon Phi and GPUs. Results obtained with linear algebra benchmarks demonstrate that significant performance can be obtained with a few lines of Python.
Understanding the Effects of Sample Preparation on the Chemical Structures of Petroleum Imaged with Non-contact Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: Zhang Yunlong , Schuler Bruno , Fatayer Shadi , Gross Leo , Harper Michael R. , Kushnerick J. Douglas
Published: October 2018

This study addresses the effect of sample preparation conditions on the structural integrity and composition of heavy hydrocarbon mixtures imaged by non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM). We designed and prepared a set of organic molecules mimicking well-accepted key characteristics of heavy oil asphaltenes including molecular architecture, molecular weight, boiling point, atomic H/C ratio and bond strength. We deliberately focused on multi-core molecule structures with long aliphatic linkers as this architecture was largely absent in previous nc-AFM studies of petroleum samples. The results confirm that all these molecules can be successfully imaged and remain intact under the same preparation conditions. Moreover, comparison with ultra-high resolution FT ICR-MS of a steam-cracked tar asphaltene sample suggests that the single molecules identified by nc-AFM span the entire molecule spectrum of the bulk sample. Overall, these results suggest that petroleum molecules within the scope of chosen molecules studied herein can be prepared intact and without bias and the imaged data can be representative.
Photons without borders: quantifying light pollution transfer between territories
Authors: Bará Salvador , Lima Raul C.
Published: October 2018

The light pollution levels experienced at any given site generally depend on a wide number of artificial light sources distributed throughout the surrounding territory. Since photons can travel long distances before being scattered by the atmosphere, any effective proposal for reducing local light pollution levels needs an accurate assessment of the relative weight of all intervening light sources, including those located tens or even hundreds of km away. In this paper we describe several ways of quantifying and visualizing these relative weights. Particular emphasis is made on the aggregate contribution of the municipalities, which are -in many regions of the world- the administrative bodies primarily responsible for the planning and maintenance of public outdoor lighting systems
Quakes and aftershocks
Authors: Yui Masashi , Gregory Robert
Published: October 2018

This article draws upon co-author Masashi Yui’s unique database on state sector organisational restructuring in New Zealand from 1960 to 2017. It shows that if the peak years of structural change, 1986–92 – the ‘revolution’ which saw New Zealand as a world leader in what became known as New Public Management – were seismic shocks, then they have been followed by an apparently endless number of aftershocks, which distinguish the post-peak period from the 25 years preceding it. The article speculates as to whether there could be links between the amount of organisational restructuring, unsatisfactory productivity rates in the New Zealand state sector, and the embedding of the ‘managerialist’ culture that was introduced by the ‘revolution’.
The UK Climate Change Act
Authors: Taylor Prue
Published: October 2018

The New Zealand government recently announced an intention to make the country carbon neutral by 2050. Interest has been expressed in using the United Kingdom’s Climate Change Act 2008 as a model to achieve this goal. However, more needs to be done to critically review the UK legislation’s applicability to the New Zealand context. This article identifies some of the issues emerging from a ten-year review of the UK act. It is hoped that close consideration of these issues will inform New Zealand policy and legislative development.
New Zealand Retirement Income
Authors: Davey Judith A. , Stephens Robert
Published: October 2018

The New Zealand retirement income system involves a range of policy areas and initiatives beyond New Zealand Superannuation and KiwiSaver. These interact with each other, and with wider social and economic trends. The potential for prolonging working lives, self-funding/decumulation and trends in homeownership need to be considered alongside the sustainability of current policy settings. A unified policy approach is required to ensure the adequacy of retirement incomes for older people and also intergenerational equity.
THE EFFECIENCY OF LEAF EFFECT HERBICIDES FOR CORN CROPS
Authors: Kostyuk A. V. , Lukacheva N. G.
Published: October 2018

The efficiency of leaf effect herbicides in corn crops was studied. The study was carried out in 2001–2016 in the experimental fields of Primorye on brown meadow podzolized soils containing 3-4% of humus in the arable horizon. In 2001–2010 corn of hybrid population Slavyanka was sown and in 2015–2016 – ZPTK196, with a seeding rate of 70.000 seeds/ha. Herbicides Milagro (1.0 and 1.5 l/ha), Titus (0.04 kg/ha), Cordus (0.04 kg/ ha) and Doublon Gold (0.07 kg/ha) in tank mixture with Luvaram (0.82 l/ha) or Dianatom (0.4 l/ ha) enhanced the effect of preparations on weed plants, especially on common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia). Biological efficiency increased to 74–90%, and yield – by 0.43–1.80 t/ha. The use of herbicide Basis (0.02 and 0.025 kg/ha) led to the increase in corn grain yield to 1.43–2.06 t/ ha. Resistant to this herbicide was dayflower (Commelina communis), which, due to the lack of other weeds, increased the above-ground mass to 1.3 kg / m2.. The application of herbicide MaisTer provided the yield increase up to 2.09–2.41 t/ha. It was observed that for more reliable suppression of common ragweed, herbicide MaisTer (0.125 and 0.15 kg/ha) should be used no later than the phase of three pairs of leaves when the air temperature does not exceed 200C. The herbicides Titus Plus (0.34 and 0.38 kg/ha) and Stellar (1.5l/ ha) almost completely purified the corn from weeds, which contributed to the preservation of 2.07–3.59 t/ha of corn.
CREATION OF AGROCENOSES OF FODDER CROPS FOR SPRING AND EARLY SUMMER USE IN THE FORESTSTEPPE ZONE OF THE TRANS-BAIKAL TERRITORY
Authors: Andreeva O. T. , Pilipenko N. G. , Sidorova L. P. , Kharchenko N. Yu.
Published: October 2018

Experimental data on the creation of fodder agrocenoses for the production of green feed in the spring and early summer period is presented. The research was conducted in 2014-2016 in the forest-steppe zone of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The study included winter and spring rye crops and cabbage. It was established that the promising crop that gives the earliest green feed is the winter rye of autumn sowing. It was characterized by a high regrow capacity and formed two yield cuttings in the tillering phase. The yield of green mass was 7.7 t/ha, dry matter – 1.36 t/ha, output of feed units was 1.34 t/ha, the amount of digestible protein – 279 kg/ha. In the phase of stem elongation, the figures were 10.0 t/ ha, 2.17 t/ha, 1.93 t/ha, 287 kg/ ha, respectively; in the earing phase (one cutting) – 9.3 t/ha, 3.30 t/ha, 2.65 t/ha, 287 kg/ha, respectively. Feed biomass was of higher quality when used in the period of tillering, where the content of digestible protein per one feed unit was 206-210 g. The spring sowings of winter rye were inferior to the autumn sowings in the amount of two cuttings in the tillering phase: green mass by 3.3 t/ha, dry matter 0.58 t/ha, feed units 0.58 t/ha, digestible protein 113 kg/ha; in the stem elongation phase: 5.5 t/ha, 1,27 t/ha, 1.15 t/ ha, 168 kg/ha, respectively. Crops of spring rape, oil radish and spring rye are also important, since they allow to obtain a sufficiently high yield in the early summer period. In the budding phase the yield of green mass of cabbage crops was 22.8 and 18.3 t/ ha, dry matter – 2.69 and 2.78 t/ha, feed units – 2.70 and 2.25 t/ha, digestible protein – 648 and 599 kg/ ha; in the flowering phase the figures for oil radish were 21.5 t/ha, 2.56 t/ha, 2.57 t/ha, 499 kg/ ha, respectively. In the tillering phase the figures for spring rye in the amount of two cuttings were 7.3 t/ ha, 1.31 t/ha, 1.11 t/ha, 210 kg/ ha, respectively; in the phase of stem prolongation – 3.8 t/ha, 0.82 t/ ha, 0,87 t/ha, 105 kg/ha, respectively.
Unsteady Stokes Flow through Porous Channel with Periodic Suction and Injection with Slip Conditions
Authors: Bhatti Kaleemullah , Bano Zarqa , Siddiqui Abdul Majeed
Published: October 2018

This work is concerned with the influence of slip conditions on unsteady stokes flow between parallel porous plates with periodic suction and injection. The obtained unsteady governing equations are solved analytically by similarity method. The characteristics of complex axial velocity and complex radial velocity for different values of parameters are analyzed. Graphical results for slip parameter reveal that it has significant influence on the axial and radial velocity profiles. The effects of suction or injection are also observed. The problem of unsteady stokes flow through porous plates with no slip is recovered as a special case of our problem.
Novel Approaches on Sovereign Credit Ratings
Authors: Ã–nal Nisa Ã–zge , Karacuha Ertugrul
Published: October 2018

Credit ratings that are transparent, impartial and reliable as well as being up to date, quickly and easily calculated will provide convenience to investors and countries. In this study, sovereign credit rating methodologies of CRAs and studies in relevant literature are examined in detail, and two dynamic methods are proposed. These models classify countries as investable or speculative in the short term. In the first model, we used stock market values and macroeconomic variables with the Normalized Least Mean Square (NLMS) algorithm. Ratings for 15 countries are determined according to the short-term domestic currency. The results that we obtained from this model are fully consistent with those of Fitch. When we compared the results with Standard and Poorâ€™s, we obtained different results for Turkey and Portugal. In the second model, we used only stock market closing data from 40 composite indexes with the Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Ratings are determined according to short-term foreign currency. The results that we acquired from these two models are fully compliant with Standard and Poor's. However, when compared to the ratings of Fitch, the results differed in the case of Russia. It has been shown that contrary to standard approaches, high predictability is achievable for countries using short-term data. The suggested models are more objective and dynamic due to only short-term data being required.Â
Sürgün uçları kullanarak tıbbi ve süs bitkisi özelliği olan Arum italicum MILLER bitkisinden in vitro sürgün çoğaltımı
Authors: AHMED Hussein Abdullah Ahmed , URANBEY Serkan , YAMAN Cennet
Published: October 2018

Akdeniz bölgesinde yayılış gösteren, ülkemizde gen merkezi
konumunda olduğumuz Arum cinsine ait
bazı türleri, tıbbi ve süs bitkisi
amaçlı doğadan düzensiz toplanmakta ya da yetiştirilerek uzun yıllardır ihraç
edilmektedir. Ülkemizde Arum italicum MILLER
türünün üretiminde fungal hastalıklar yumru verimini azaltmakta, yavru yumru
oluşturması için uzun zamana ihtiyaç duyması nedeniyle üretiminde sorunlar
bulunmakta, ayrıca, doğadan düzensiz toplanması sonucu ekolojik problemlerle
karşılaşılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın da amacı, Arum italicum’da ilk kez doku kültürü teknikleriyle
patojenlerden ari hızlı çoğaltımıdır. Çalışmada, Arum italicum yumruları dormansi kırılacak şekilde soğuk ortamda (+4 oC)
kültüre alınmış, daha sonra sürgün uçları farklı
konsantrasyonlarda sitokinin 6-Benzylaminopurin
(BAP), Kinetin
(KIN), Thidiazuron (TDZ)
ve oksin Indol-3-asetik asit (IAA), Indol-3-bütirik asit (IBA) ve Naftalenasetik
asit (NAA) içeren besin ortamlarında kültüre alınmıştır. En yüksek sürgün
rejenerayonu (% 35.0) ve en yüksek eksplant başına sürgün sayısı (0.75 adet) 2 mg l-1
 BAP ve 0.50 mg l-1 NAA
uygulamasından elde edilmiş, bitkiciklerin ortalama % 52’si başarılı bir
şekilde aklimatize edilerek yaşatılmıştır.
INDEKS KECUKUPAN AIR UNTUK PENETAPAN WAKTU BERA KEDELAI DI JAWA TENGAH
(WATER SUFFICIENCY INDICES TO DETERMINE FALLOW PERIODS OF SOYBEAN IN CENTRAL JAVA)
Authors: M.N. Setiapermas , Koesmaryono Yonny , . Yusmin , G. Irianto
Published: October 2018

Climate anomaly has impact on yield and productivity of soybean. An alternative to minimize its impact, it is important to determine period of fallow for soybean in dry land. Period of fallow was determined by using agroclimate analysis such as water satisfaction index (WSI). WSI required daily climate data, soil and agronomy parameter to calculte ETR/ETM fluctuation . Agroecology and soybean yield data were collected from October 2003 to February 2004 in Pondok Village, Ngadirejo Sub-District, Wonogiri District and in Pojok Village, Nogosari Sub-District, Boyolali District . Fallow period was analyzed using CWB-ETo, a daily water balance software developed by IAHRI based on FAO method. WSI was calculated for El-Nino and La-Nina years to determine planting period. The result showed that fallow period were different between locations due to soil and climate variability. The longest fallow period is Blora District from Januri III to October II. While the shortest fallow period are Semarang and Magelang.
ANALISIS POLA UNSUR METEOROLOGI DAN KONSENTRASI POLUTAN DI UDARA AMBIEN STUDI KASUS : JAKARTA DAN BANDUNG
 (ANALYSIS OF PATTERN OF METEOROLOGY VARIABLE AND AMBIENT POLUTANT CONCENTRATION CASE STUDY : BANDUNG AND JAKARTA)
Authors: Turyanti A. , Santikayasa I. P.
Published: October 2018

Meteorological conditions are the important factors that influence tranformation and tranportation process of the polutant in the atmosphere. The aim of this research is to study correlation between local meteorology condition with ambient polutant concentration. Case study has been done in Jakarta and Bandung. Research method is secondary data analysis by plot meteorology component (radiation, temperature, hummidity and wind velocity) and polutant consentration, to gain fluctuation pattern from both component and than do correlation analysis. Result of the analysis show that the influence of each meteorology component differ to each polutant component and depend on local condition. In Bandung and Jakarta, radiation fluctuation has negative correlation with CO, NO2, Nox and PM10. The most negative correlation in Bandung is wind velocity with CO which has correlation value -0.74, and correlation between humidity and O3 which has value -0.8. While the most positive correlation is correlation between temperature and radiation with O3 which has value 0.7 – 0.8. Humidity has positive correlation with several polutant. In Jakarta, in general, coefisien correlation value both positive and negative correlation less than coefisien correlation in Bandung, except for O3. The influence of amount and kind of emition also contribute to them. The unique matter has been found that meteorology component fluctuation in both Jakarta and Bandung has high correlation positive and negative with O3, up to the value -0.8 to +0.7. The other polutant component has small in both negative and positive cerrelation (±0.5).
ANALISIS PERIODE ULANG HUJAN MAKSIMUM DENGAN BERBAGAI METODE
(RETURN PERIOD ANALYZE MAXIMUM RAINFALL WITH THREE METHOD)
Authors: Basuki . , Winarsih Iis , Adhyani Noor Laily
Published: October 2018

Lush rainfall intensity in Indonesia mostly often affecting to flood disaster. Managing in flood problem must be supporting by good infrastructure of flood management such as dam, irrigation system, drainages,etc. In designing a water building, we needs maximum rainfall information with certain return period. The amount of maximum rainfall for design are different according to lifetime and reservoir capacity such as for a big dam that needs maximum rainfall information with long return period approximately 50,100 years, and for irrigation system needs shorter maximum rainfall information about 2,5,10 years. We use three methods in this analysis: E.J. Gumbel Method, Log Pearson III Method and Iway Kadoya Method. Result of analysis from above methods show that Log Pearson III method and Iway Kadoya method as identically as E.J Gumbell method.
Symptom centrality and infrequency of endorsement identify adolescent depression symptoms more strongly associated with life satisfaction
Authors: Mullarkey Michael C , Marchetti Igor , Bluth Karen , Carlson Caryn L , Shumake Jason , Beevers Christopher G
Published: October 2018

Although depression symptoms are often treated as interchangeable, some symptoms may relate to adolescent life satisfaction more strongly than others. To assess this premise, we first conducted a network analysis on the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ) in a large (N = 1,059), cross-sectional sample of community adolescents (age M = 14.72 ± 1.79). The most central symptoms of adolescent depression, as indexed by strength, were self-hatred, loneliness, sadness, and worthlessness while the least frequently endorsed symptoms were self-hatred, anhedonia, feeling like a bad person, and feeling unloved. Moreover, the more central a depression symptom was in the network (i.e., higher strength), the more variance it shared with life satisfaction (r = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.76). How frequently a symptom was endorsed was negatively associated with the variance symptoms shared with life satisfaction (r = -0.48, 95% CI: -0.63, -0.21). Cross-validated, prediction focused models found central symptoms were expected to predict more out of fold variance in life satisfaction than peripheral symptoms and frequently endorsed symptoms, but not the least frequently endorsed symptoms. These findings show certain depression symptoms may be more strongly associated with life satisfaction in adolescence and these symptoms can be identified by multiple symptom-level metrics. Limitations include use of cross-sectional data and utilizing a community sample. Better understanding which symptoms of depression share more variance with important outcomes like life satisfaction could help us develop a more fine-grained understanding of adolescent depression.
“Why Me?”: Characterological Self-Blame and Continued Victimization in the First Year of Middle School
Authors: Schacter Hannah , White Samantha J. , Chang Vickie Y. , Juvonen Jaana
Published: October 2018

Objective: This study examines the role of characterological self-blame as a unique risk factor associated with other known risk factors (depression and its behavioral and social correlates) for continued victimization across the first year of middle school. Method: Relying on a large, ethnically diverse sample of 1698 young adolescents (Mage=11.57, SD=.39; 55% female), self-report assessments in the fall and spring included perceptions of victim status, depressive symptoms, friendships, aggression, and responses to a hypothetical victimization vignette assessing both appraisals (characterological self-blame) and behavioral reactions (helpless responding). Results: In addition to depression, characterological self-blame emerged as the most consistent unique risk factor for subsequent victimization. Mediation analysis suggested that the continuity of victimization between fall and spring could be partially explained by increases in characterological self-blame and depressive symptoms. Additionally, cross-lagged panel analyses indicated reciprocal relations between peer victimization and characterological self-blame, suggesting cyclical processes. Conclusions: The study findings suggest that attribution-retraining in the beginning of middle school might help prevent escalating risk for continued peer victimization.
Depressive symptoms, friend distress, and self-blame: Risk factors for adolescent peer victimization
Authors: Schacter Hannah , Juvonen Jaana
Published: October 2018

Past research indicates that depressed adolescents experience increased risk for peer victimization. Less is known about the conditions under which depressive symptoms predict social vulnerability and the mechanism underlying such links. The current study considers a) characterological self-blaming attributions as a social cognitive mechanism accounting for links between depressive symptoms and victimization across the first two years of middle school and b) the potential moderating role of friends’ level of depressive symptoms. Relying on an ethnically diverse sample of 5,374 adolescents, multilevel moderated mediation analyses indicated that maladaptive attributions accounted for links between 6th grade depressive symptoms and increases in 7th grade victimization. Moreover, this mediational pathway was strongest for students whose friends also experienced heightened depressive symptoms at the beginning of middle school. These results highlight the roles of both intra- and inter-personal risk factors in predicting social cognitive biases and future victimization risk during the middle school years.
Social innovation in community energy in Europe: a review of the evidence
Authors: Hewitt Richard J , Bradley Nicholas , Compagnucci Andrea Baggio , Barlagne Carla , Ceglarz Andrzej , Cremades Roger , McKeen Margaret , Otto Ilona M. , Slee Richard William
Published: October 2018

Citizen-driven Renewable Energy (RE) projects of various kinds, known collectively as community energy (CE), have an important part to play in the worldwide transition to cleaner energy systems. On the basis of evidence from literature review and an exploratory survey of 8 European countries, we investigate European CE through the lens of Social Innovation (SI). Broadly, three main phases of SI in CE can be identified. The environmental movements of the 1960s and the “oil shocks” of the 1970s provided the catalyst for a series of innovative societal responses around energy and self-sufficiency. These first wave CE innovations included cooperatives (e.g. in Sweden and Germany) who financed and managed risks for RE developments in the absence of support from governments and banks. A second wave of SI relates to the mainstreaming of RE and associated government support mechanisms. In this phase, with some important exceptions, successful CE initiatives were mainly confined to those countries where they were already embedded as innovators in the previous phase. In former communist countries of central and eastern Europe (Poland, former East Germany) CE development was hindered by societal mistrust of cooperative movements for their association with the state socialism of the past. In Scotland, UK, strong public support was given to CE, and a new form, the Community Development Trust, emerged and was later replicated elsewhere in the UK.The third phase of CE innovation relates to the societal response to the Great Recession that began in 2007-8 and lasted most of the subsequent decade. Though climate change had become a pressing concern, CE initiatives formed around this time were also strongly focused around democratization of energy and citizen empowerment in the context of rising energy prices, a weak economy, and a production and supply system dominated by excessively powerful multinational energy firms. CE initiatives today are more diverse than at any time previously, and though seriously constrained by mainstream energy policy in most countries, are likely to continue to act as incubators for pioneering initiatives addressing virtually all aspects of energy.
The Human Papilloma Virus is a New Etiologic Factor in the Development of Cancer of the Head and Neck Organs. Problems and Prospects for their Solution
Authors: Mudunov A. M.
Published: October 2018

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck organs occupies the 5th place in the structure of oncological morbidity in the world. The mortality from this pathology has not changed for several decades, despite significant successes and achievements in modern clinical oncology. In article are explored and analyzed: the etiological role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of oropharyngeal cancer; sexual and age specific features of HPV-associated cancer, various methods of predictive diagnosis, specific prevention. Conclusions: papillomavirus infection is the main cause of the sharp and continuing increase in the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer, mainly among men in many countries of the world; vaccination has positive expectations in the prevention of the incidence of oropharyngeal cancer.
Manifestations of the Epidemic Process of Measles and Rubella at the Present Stage
Authors: Pozdnyakov A. A. , Chernyavskaya O. P.
Published: October 2018

Relevance.Measles and rubella have been known to humanity for centuries. These two infections have a number of similarities. However, despite all the similarities and a single elimination program, it is not possible to achieve the same results by the level of the incidence of these infections. Goal. Identify common features and differences in the manifestations of the epidemic process of measles and rubella at the present stage and formulate a hypothesis on their explanation.

Materials and methods. Methods of retrospective epidemiological analysis of morbidity were used: Evaluation of the statistical significance of the differences in indicators with the Student’s test. To compare the rate of decrease in the incidence of measles and rubella their exponential approximations using the method of least squares were used. To process the research data, the Microsoft Excel program was used.

Results.In the pre-vaccination period, the incidence of measles was 4.6 times higher than rubella. For major infections in this period characterized by a pronounced cyclic morbidity, while the intervals between cyclical rises for measles are shorter, and the amplitude of cycles is higher. As the population was vaccinated, the incidence of these infections decreased, while the rate of decline in the incidence of rubella was higher than that of measles. Also, a faster decrease in morbidity and smoothing of the cyclicity, a transition to older age groups, a gradual exit from the incidence of younger age groups confirm that the rubella has a contact number less then measles.

Conclusion.The current level of population immunity is sufficient to eliminate rubella in a relatively short time. For measles, which has greater contagiousness and a contact number, and is more demanding for population immunity, this level is not enough. As a consequence, rubella shows better «manageability» in immunization than measles.
Problematic Aspects of the Evaluation of the Epidemiological Effectiveness of Vaccination against Tick-BORNE Encephalitis
Authors: Penyevskaya N. A. , Rudakov N. V. , Rudakova S. A.
Published: October 2018

This review analyzes the methodological reasons for the heterogeneity of the results of the evaluation of the epidemiological effectiveness of vaccine prophylaxis of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) using indicators such as the efficiency coefficient (COEF) and the efficiency index (IEF), and their discrepancy with similar indicators of the immunological effectiveness of vaccines. It is shown that the calculation of COEF and IEF according to official statistical reporting is illegal in connection with the emergence of systematic errors of selection due to the impossibility of retrospective formation of compared groups of vaccinated and unvaccinated, comparable in risk of infection and disease. In addition, COEF and IEF do not allow to compare the efficiency of vaccination in different areas in physical and monetary units.

Based on the analysis of the literature data on immunogenicity of modern vaccines against TBE, protective titer of antibodies and results of field tests of vaccine efficacy in the conditions of total coverage of the population with vaccinations, the authors conclude that the third generation vaccines against TBE protect against disease 95–98% of persons attacked by ticks. Algorithm for calculating the number of preventable cases of TBE diseases is proposed for a comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of vaccination as an anti-epidemic measure in different areas.
Chemical Profile, in vitro Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities ofJuniperus phoeniceaL. and Cotula cinerea (Del.) Essential Oils from Southwestern Algeria
Authors: Ghouti D. , Lazouni H.A. , Moussaoui A. , Chabane Sari D.
Published: October 2018

This work aims to study the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities ofJuniperus phoeniceaL. andCotula cinerea(Del.) essential oils from southwestern Algeria. The hydrodistilled oils obtained were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC– MS). A total of 45 and 25 compounds were identified representing 100% ofJuniperus phoeniceaL. andCotula cinerea(Del.) respectively. The dominant component was α-pinene (46.437%) forJuniperus phoeniceaL. and α-thujone (32.35%) forCotula cinerea(Del.). The in vitro antibacterial activity of the essential oils was evaluated against nine foodborne pathogenic bacteria and one yeast, Candida albicans, using the disk diffusion method; the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were examined (micro dilution). The results suggest that the essential oil ofJuniperus phoeniceahas a significant to moderate antibacterial activity on all strains of bacteria. The most sensitive strains were Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis,Micrococcus luteus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andCandida albicanswith (MIC = 0.04 to 0.63 mg/ml).Cotula cinereaoil showed moderate to low sensitivity to the test strains. Its best activity was against Bacillus subtilis (MIC = 0.303 mg/ml). The DPPH test conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activity of both oils showed a good to moderate capacity forJuniperus phoeniceaL. (concentration of an inhibitor when the response is reduced by half, IC50 = 0.76 mg/ml) andCotula cinerea(Del.) [IC50 = 28. mg/ml] oils respectively. The promising bioactivities of these plants suggest that they may be a new source of preservative molecules.
“Our Future Is Already in Jeopardy”
Authors: Wilson Janssens Maria Catherina
Published: October 2018

Duress results from the internalization of violence. Through the narratives of two Central African Republic student refugees in the Democratic Republic of Congo, this article presents the multiple layers of violence they experience. After introducing violence, the article turns to its different layers by making use of the palimpsest metaphor. Three layers of violence interrelate and overlap: the first relates to chronic crisis in the Central African Republic; the second layer deals with the context of the urban jungle (Kinshasa); and the third layer is linked to the humanitarian agencies that fail to provide for urban refugees. The experience of these three layers adds up to duress. Duress colors the students’ agency and the decisions they make along their life paths.
Oyun Bağımlılığı, Bir Uzamış Ergenlik Öyküsü: Vaka Çalışması
Authors: ÜNAL Elif
Published: October 2018

Bilgisayar ve internet kullanımın yaygınlaşması, bilgisayarda oyun oynayarak ya da internette çevrimiçi geçirilen zamanın uzunluğu ile ilgili tartışmaları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Artık aşırı bilgisayar ve internet kullanımı insanların iş, eğitim vb. yaşantılarını da etkileyen bir problem olmuş ve tedavi için ruh sağlığı çalışanlarına sıkça danışılmaya başlanmıştır. Ancak ruh sağlığı çalışanları olarak bu problemin tanımlanması ve tedavi edilmesi ile ilgili sınırlı bilgiye sahibiz. Karşılanan vakalarda örnek olması amacıyla, bu makalede terapiye oyun bağımlılığı ve derslerde başarısızlık şikâyetleri ile gelen Bay S. vakası ele alınacaktır. İlk olarak Bay S. ile ilgili demografik bilgiler, şikâyetlerin tarihçesi özetlenecek, ardından vaka formülasyonu ve terapi süreci detaylandırılacaktır.