bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE INFLUENCE OF CARD SORT LEARNING MEDIA ON THE ACTIVE LEARNING OF IPS STUDENTS IN CLASS VII SMP AL-IKLAS LUBUKLIGGAU
Authors: Agus Susilo, Isbandiyah Citra Wulandari,
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research  is to determine the effect of active social learning  on class VII students at Al-Ikhlas middle school Lubuklinggau after the card sort learning media was implemented. This  research method uses the experimen method. The data celloction technique used was a questioner. The population in the study were students at Al-Ikhlas middle school Lubuklinggau, which consisted of 3 classes, namely A,B,C totaling 63. The sample in this study used 2 classes, namely class B as the experimental class, totaling 21 and control class totaling 21 students. sData analysis techniques determine the average value and standard deviation, normality test, homogeneity test. The result of this research can be seen from the t-test, namely tcount (32,9) > ttable (2,02), meaning that Ho is rejected and ha is accepted. This shows that the learning activity of experimental class students is not the same as the control class (( ), so it can be concluded that there is an influence of the use of card sort media on the social studies learning activity of class VII students at Al-Ikhlas middle school Lubuklinggau.
THE APPLICATION OF PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) MODEL TO IMPROVE THE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF HISTORY CLASS X SMK PGRI AIR BELITI
Authors: Prastika Anis , Susilo Agus , Isbadiyah Isbadiyah
Published: September 2024

This research aims to determine the completensess of the learning outcomes of class X students at SMK PGRI Air Beliti after using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. The method used is a quantitative method with a pseudo-experimental research desing. The population in this study were clas X students consisting of two classes. The sampling technique used was random sampling technique, where the sample was chsen randomly after being given a lottery number and shaken which become the research sample for clas X.B of  28 Students. The data collection technique used was pre-test  and post-test using a test in the form of multiple choice questions. Tne analisys requirements testing technique uses a one sample z-test. The results of this study showed the average pre-test scor was 51,71 with a completeness percentage of completeness 0% or none of the students were complete, while the average post-test score was 74,89 with a completion percentage of 78,57% or 22 students completed. The z-table results obtained calculated Z value 3,11) ≥ Z table (2,052). The conclusion is that the application of problem based learning model on the history learning outcommes of class X SMK PGRI Air Beliti is significantly complete.
INITIAL EVALUATION OF THE RISKS OF CHILD WELFARE INVOLVEMENT FOR PREVENTIVE MEASURES
Authors: Fajrina Suci , Lufri Lufri , Evhan Nisa Sandra , Putri Ayu Melisa
Published: September 2024

Untuk mencegah keterlibatan anak dalam sistem kesejahteraan dengan segera melibatkan keluarga ke intervensi preventif, penting untuk mengidentifikasi risiko keterlibatan ini di masyarakat umum sedini mungkin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor demografi, sosial ekonomi, dan riwayat kriminal yang terkait dengan keterlibatan anak dalam sistem kesejahteraan. Kami mengumpulkan data antropometri dari 120.641 anak berusia di bawah 15 tahun serta data dari orang tua mereka (81.453 ibu dan 68.202 ayah) melalui Badan Pusat Statistik. Keterlibatan anak dalam kesejahteraan mencakup perintah pengawasan, perwalian yang ditetapkan pengadilan, atau penempatan di luar rumah yang dimulai dalam satu tahun setelah penilaian faktor risiko. Validitas prediktif keterlibatan ini dinilai dengan menghitung nilai AUC untuk setiap faktor risiko. Kami mengembangkan algoritma prediktif berbasis pohon keputusan dan melakukan validasi dengan menggunakan sampel terpisah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa satu tahun setelah penilaian, keterlibatan anak dalam sistem kesejahteraan dapat diprediksi secara akurat dengan kombinasi faktor-faktor tertentu pada tingkat individu. Risiko ini meningkat secara signifikan dengan bertambahnya jumlah faktor risiko. Anak-anak yang memiliki empat atau lebih faktor risiko memiliki peluang sepuluh kali lipat untuk terlibat dalam sistem kesejahteraan anak, sementara enam atau lebih faktor risiko meningkatkan risiko ini hingga 21 kali lipat dibandingkan dengan anak-anak tanpa faktor risiko. Semakin banyak faktor risiko yang terakumulasi, model prediktif menunjukkan peningkatan kemungkinan keterlibatan dalam sistem kesejahteraan anak. Nilai AUC yang tinggi dalam model prediktif dan akumulasi faktor risiko ini dapat membantu praktisi memperkirakan kebutuhan untuk merujuk keluarga ke intervensi pencegahan secara tepat waktu
O professor coordenador de curso de Licenciatura em Matemática no IFSP e sua experiência profissional
Authors: Cruz Paulo Henrique Correia Araújo da , Prenstteter Gama Renata
Published: September 2024

Ao tematizar a Coordenação de Licenciatura em Matemática, no contexto do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP), este texto traz um recorte da tese de doutorado do autor. Com base nos dados obtidos e analisados na pesquisa, temos por objetivo central expor como a experiência profissional e o exercício da docência impactam no exercício da Coordenação de Curso. Para tal, numa abordagem qualitativa e interpretativa, propomos um olhar sobre os dados obtidos pela resposta a um questionário enviado a todos os professores que exerceram a função entre os anos de 2008 e 2021, período compreendido entre a primeira oferta do curso na instituição e a data de envio do questionário. Como resultado, obtivemos a compreensão de como os processos formativos e a experiência docente desses professores se relacionam com a visão que eles têm do curso e, por consequência, do que é ser Coordenador de Curso.
Rational Numbers and Metallic Ratios
Authors: Suganthi J. , Sivaraman R.
Published: September 2024

Metallic ratios are class of real numbers which are positive roots of specific quadratic equation. In this paper, we had proved results regarding expressing any integer as well as rational numbers in terms of metallic ratios in the form of a cubic polynomial with integer coefficients. Three theorems had been established to meet this objective. This novel idea adds one more dimension to existing known properties of metallic ratios. Detailed explanation is provided in the final section to verify the results obtained.
The Role of the Constitutional Court in Strengthening Indonesian Democracy: A Perspective on the Sovereignty of Law and the Distribution of Power
Authors: Arifin Firdaus
Published: September 2024

This study aims to explore the crucial role of the Constitutional Court in upholding the Sovereignty of Law, maintaining the Distribution of Power, and strengthening democracy in Indonesia. This study uses a normative legal research method. The collected legal material is then qualitatively analyzed to describe the problem and answer the study objectives. The results show that the Constitutional Court plays a central role in strengthening democracy through judicial review of laws, protection of human rights, oversight of the executive and legislative branches, and maintenance of the balance of power and social harmony. The Court also acts as a guide for just public policy and a guardian of social harmony within Indonesia’s legal pluralism. Therefore, it is recommended that the Constitutional Court continue to strengthen its role, enhance its dialogical approach with the public, and promote transparency in decision-making. The Government and Legislators need to pay attention to the principles of the Constitution, social justice, and human rights in formulating legislation and implementing Constitutional Court decisions with total commitment. The public is expected to monitor and demand the active implementation of constitutional court decisions. Collaboration among the Constitutional Court, the Government, Legislators, and the public is critical to realizing a democratic and just society in Indonesia.
Overview of ferroptosis and pyroptosis in acute liver failure
Authors: Sun Ya-Wen , Zhao Bo-Wen , Li Hai-Fang , Zhang Guang-Xiao
Published: September 2024

In this editorial, we comment on the article by Zhou et al published in a recent issue. We specifically focus on the crucial roles of ferroptosis and pyroptosis in acute liver failure (ALF), a disease with high mortality rates. Ferroptosis is the result of increased intracellular reactive oxygen species due to iron accumulation, glutathione (GSH) depletion, and decreased GSH peroxidase 4 activity, while pyroptosis is a procedural cell death mediated by gasdermin D which initiates a sustained inflammatory process. In this review, we describe the characteristics of ferroptosis and pyroptosis, and discuss the involvement of the two cell death modes in the onset and development of ALF. Furthermore, we summarize several interfering methods from the perspective of ferroptosis and pyroptosis for the alleviation of ALF. These observations might provide new targets and a theoretical basis for the treatment of ALF, which are also crucial for improving the prognosis of patients with ALF.
Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist: A potential game changer for cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Trakoonsenathong Ronnakrit , Chiu Ching-Feng , Saengboonmee Charupong
Published: September 2024

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, a subgroup of incretin-based anti-diabetic therapies, is an emerging medication with benefits in reducing blood glucose and weight and increasing cardiovascular protection. Contrarily, concerns have been raised about GLP-1R agonists increasing the risk of particular cancers. Recently, several epidemiological studies reported contradictory findings of incretin-based therapy on the risk modification for cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). The first cohort study demonstrated that incretin-based therapy was associated with an increased risk of CCA. Later studies, however, showed a null effect of incretin-based therapy on CCA risk for dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor nor GLP-1R agonist. Mechanistically, glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor is multifunctional, including promoting cell growth. High GLP-1R expressions were associated with progressive phenotypes of CCA cells in vitro . Unexpectedly, the GLP-1R agonist showed anti-tumor effects on CCA cells in vitro and in vivo with unclear mechanisms. Our recent report also showed that GLP-1R agonists suppressed the expression of GLP-1R in CCA cells in vitro and in vivo , leading to the inhibition of CCA tumor growth. This editorial reviews recent evidence, discusses the potential effects of GLP-1R agonists in CCA patients, and proposes underlying mechanisms that would benefit from further basic and clinical investigation.
Editor-in-Chief articles of choice and comments from January to June 2024
Authors: Tarnawski Andrzej S
Published: September 2024

As the Editor-in-Chief of the World Journal of Gastroenterology , I carefully review all articles every week before a new issue’s online publication, including the title, clinical and research importance, originality, novelty, and ratings by the peer reviewers. Based on this review, I select the papers of choice and suggest pertinent changes (e.g. , in the title or text) to the company editors responsible for publication. This process, while time-consuming, is essential for assuring the quality of publications and highlighting important articles that readers may revisit.
Clinical features of gastroesophageal reflux disease and erosive esophagitis: Insights from patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy in resource-limited Ethiopia
Authors: Mengistie Firehiwot A , Shewaye Abate B , Tasamma Abel T , Ayalew Zekarias S
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disease worldwide with varying clinical presentations and risk factors. Prevalence data for Africa is lacking, but an increasing trend is expected due to demographic and epidemiological transitions. Although endoscopic studies for general gastrointestinal disorders have shown some patients with erosive esophagitis (EE), no studies in Ethiopia have investigated the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and severity of GERD using esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD).

AIM

To assess the clinical features of GERD in Ethiopian patients who underwent EGD and determine the severity and risk factors of EE.

METHODS

We conducted a multicenter, retrospective cross-sectional study of 221 patients diagnosed with GERD and endoscopic findings of EE at Trauma Associated Severe Hemorrhage and Amniotic Membrane Stem Cell between January 2019 and August 2022. Data were collected from electronic medical records and phone call interviews. We used descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis with SPSS version 26 to identify the association between variables with a statistical significance set at P value < 0.05.

RESULTS

The mean ± SD age of the patients was 44.8 (± 15.9) years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.6:1. The most commonly reported symptom was epigastric pain (80.5%), followed by heartburn (43%). Los Angeles (LA)-A EE was diagnosed in 71.1% of patients, followed by LA-B (14.9%), LA-C (7.7%), and LA-D (5.9%). Multivariate analysis showed that age 50 or above, presence of bleeding, and endoscopic findings of duodenitis/duodenopathy were significantly associated with severe EE (P < 0.05). Stricture and Barrett’s esophagus were observed in 4.5% and 1.36% of patients with EE, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Most of the patients had milder EE with fewer complications. However, severe EE was more prevalent in older patients and those with duodenitis/duodenopathy.
B-cell-specific signatures reveal novel immunophenotyping and therapeutic targets for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Ke-Quan , Gong Zheng , Yang Jia-Ling , Xia Chu-Qi , Zhao Jian-Yi , Chen Xi
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND

Immunotherapy presents both promises and challenges in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to its complex immunological microenvironment. The role of B cells, a key part of the immune system, remains uncertain in HCC.

AIM

To identify B-cell-specific signatures and reveal novel immunophenotyping and therapeutic targets for HCC.

METHODS

Using the Tumor Immune Single-cell Hub 2 database, we identified B-cell-related genes (BRGs) in HCC. Gene enrichment analysis was performed to explore the possible collaboration between B cells and T cells in HCC. We conducted univariate Cox regression analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas liver HCC collection dataset to find BRGs linked to HCC prognosis. Subsequently, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was utilized to develop a prognostic model with 11 BRGs. The model was validated using the International Cancer Genome Consortium dataset and GSE76427.

RESULTS

The risk score derived from the prognostic model emerged as an independent prognostic factor for HCC. Analysis of the immune microenvironment and cell infiltration revealed the immune status of various risk groups, supporting the cooperation of B and T cells in suppressing HCC. The BRGs model identified new molecular subtypes of HCC, each with distinct immune characteristics. Drug sensitivity analysis identified targeted drugs effective for each HCC subtype, enabling precision therapy and guiding clinical decisions.

CONCLUSION

We clarified the role of B cells in HCC and propose that the BRGs model offers promising targets for personalized immunotherapy.
Recent progress of gastroesophageal reflux after endoscopic myotomy
Authors: Yan Xuan , Sha Wei-Hong
Published: September 2024

Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is an innovative minimally invasive technique and has emerged as the preferred modality for treating achalasia and spastic esophageal disorders in numerous specialized centers worldwide. Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a common complication following POEM procedures. Recently, an article in the World Journal of Gastroenterology , providing a comprehensive update on post-POEM GER. In this article, the authors present novel insights and strategies that offer valuable implications for endoscopy.
REFLECTION OF CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN ARTISTIC LITERATURE (AN EXAMPLE FROM THE WORKS OF SHUKUR KHOLMIRZAEV)
Authors:   PhD, Associate Professor, State Academy of Choreography of Uzbekistan, Murodova Matluba
Published: September 2024

This article examines the realistic depiction style in artistic literature, the art of creating images, and the unique methods of conveying social life scenes in a credible manner to the reader, using the works of Shukur Khomirzaev as an example.
A PRAGMATIC STUDY OF WORD COMBINATIONS WITH COLOR COMPONENTS
Authors:   Ingliz tili fani o’qituvchisi, Farg'ona tumani 5-sonli umumta'lim maktabi, Uzbekistan, qizi To‘lanova Sayyoraxon Farxodjon , Azizovna Ganiyeva Dildoraxon ,   Filologiya fanlari doktori, dotsent, Farg'ona davlat Universiteti o‘qituvchisi, Uzbekistan
Published: September 2024

This article gives a broad opinion about the color component word combinations and talks about their specific aspects, psychological, socio-political features, and their use in speech acts. Also, the article presents a pragmatic analysis of word combinations which are expressed with the same and different color components in different languages. The analysis is enriched with examples in English and Uzbek languages.
THE USE OF INNOVATIVE SUBSTRATES IN PHYTOREACTOR SYSTEMS
Authors:   Karakalpak Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Uzbekistan, Rustamovna Rustamova Sevara
Published: September 2024

The issues surrounding wastewater treatment have gained increasing attention in Karakalpakstan, a region characterized by its unique environmental challenges and limited water resources. Traditional wastewater treatment methods often struggle to meet the growing demands for efficient and sustainable solutions. In this context, phytoreactor systems have emerged as a promising alternative, harnessing the natural abilities of plants to treat contaminated water. Phytoreactor systems utilize specific plant species and innovative substrates to enhance the removal of pollutants from wastewater. This approach not only helps in cleaning water but also provides an ecological solution that aligns with the principles of sustainability. The use of innovative substrates plays a crucial role in maximizing the efficiency of these systems, enabling better nutrient absorption, pollutant degradation, and overall system performance. In this article, we will explore the potential of using innovative substrates in phytoreactor systems specifically designed for wastewater treatment in the unique conditions of Karakalpakstan. By examining the advantages, challenges, and practical applications of these systems, we aim to shed light on their significance in addressing the pressing environmental concerns faced by the region.
CLASSICAL TYPES AND NEW FORMATES OF THE INTERVIEW GENRE
Authors:   Assistant of the Department ", Mambetirzaeva Nesibeli ,   Journalism",   , KSU, Uzbekistan
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the types, specifics, and advantages of the interview genre, their use in print, television, radio, and the internet.
ABOUT THE DIARIES OF LITERARY CRITIC BEGALI KASIMOV
Authors:   Doctoral student of Alisher Navoi Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature, Uzbekistan, Haydarovna Ergasheva Mohigul
Published: September 2024

This article focuses on the analysis of the diaries kept in Begali Kasimov's personal archive. The diaries of the scientist were classified and characteristic features were determined. The available information is taken from the scientist's personal archive.
IMPACT OF SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HYPERSINGULAR OPERATORS ON SOLUTIONS OF PERIDYNAMICS PROBLEMS
Authors:   2st year master’s student in mathematics (in areas) of the faculty of Mathematics of the National University of Uzbekistan, qizi Kosimova Marjona Shakirjon
Published: September 2024

Hypersingular operators play a key role in the mathematical modeling of non-local interactions, particularly in the field of peridynamics, where they provide a powerful tool for understanding material behavior under stress. This paper investigates the spectral characteristics of hypersingular operators and their impact on the solutions of peridynamic equations. Special attention is given to the spectral decomposition of these operators to gain insights into their stability, convergence, and computational efficiency in solving complex problems related to fracture mechanics and material deformation.
MODERN PREVENTION OF EPILEPSY IN IODINE DEFICIENT ADOLESCENTS
Authors:   Assistant of the Department of Pharmacology of Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan, Rajabboevna Arslanova Raykhona , kizi Murodova Nozanin Zafar ,   Faculty of Medicine, Samarkand State Medical University 3nd year student, Uzbekistan, Toshniyozovna Chuliboeva Rukhshona ,   Student of the 3nd year of the Turkish Faculty of Medical Business Bukhara Medical Institute, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
Published: September 2024

In iodine deficiency there is a decrease in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones, which play an important role in the life activity of a person of any age. Our studies have shown that in children with iodine deficiency there is a tendency to worsen the course of epilepsy, the severity and progressive nature of psychopathological disorders, and with the addition of L-thyroxine to traditional treatment there is a positive dynamic of the disease.
ORGANIZING CORRECTIVE EXERCISES ON PRONUNCIATION FORMATION IN SCHOOLS OF HEARING-IMPAIRED CHILDREN
Authors:   Teacher of the Department of Deaf Pedagogy and Inclusive Education of Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizomi, Uzbekistan, qizi Raxmatova Shirin Nig’mon
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the impact of organized corrective exercises on the pronunciation formation in hearing-impaired children within specialized school settings. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research involved 50 children aged 6-12 years, divided into an experimental group that received the intervention and a control group that followed the standard curriculum. Over a 12-week period, the experimental group participated in targeted pronunciation exercises, incorporating visual and tactile feedback and supported by speech therapy technologies. The results demonstrated significant improvements in the experimental group's pronunciation skills compared to the control group, with a large effect size indicating the practical significance of the intervention. Qualitative data from observations and interviews further highlighted increased engagement, confidence, and peer interaction among the children. These findings underscore the effectiveness of structured pronunciation training for hearing-impaired children and provide a foundation for further research and implementation in diverse educational contexts.
IMPROVING THE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT MECHANISM OF JOINT STOCK COMPANIES
Authors:   Independent student of Tashkent, State University of Economics, Uzbekistan, Turgunovna Mavlyanova Yulduzkhan
Published: September 2024

The article focuses on the necessity and urgency of organizing a capital management mechanism in joint-stock companies. The principles of capital management and its main aspects are covered. Specific features of the development of measures to increase the efficiency of capital use in joint-stock companies are described. The content of efficiency indicators on the use of capital and the economic basis of their use are disclosed. Proposals and recommendations on improving the mechanism of capital formation resource management have been developed.
THE EFFECT OF COMPETITION IN THE MARKET OF BANKING SERVICES ON THE STABILITY OF THE BANKING SYSTEM
Authors:   Independent researcher of Tashkent State University of Economics, associate professor, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Ortikov Oybek Abdullaevich
Published: September 2024

The increase in the number of banks and the size of banks in the banking system creates problems related to interbank competition and requires constant research. Competition in the banking services market and the factors affecting it required the use of new regulatory tools after the global financial crisis of 2007-2009. In the post-crisis period, establishing strict prudential requirements for bank supervision and ensuring the stability of the banking system became important. Interbank competition and the stability of the banking system, i.e. in the conditions of competition, the risk appetite of banks is high, and the question of financial stability raises more questions. Many analyzes have been carried out on this issue and there are different approaches. In this article, an econometric analysis of the interrelationship between the stability of the banking system and competition in the market of banking services is carried out, and the causes and consequences are evaluated.
THE STUDY AND APPLICATION OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Authors:   2nd Year Master's Student, Faculty of Social Sciences, Psychology, National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan, qizi Qodirova Ozodaxon Musajon
Published: September 2024

Clinical psychology is a branch of psychology dedicated to understanding, diagnosing, and improving people's mental health. This field studies the mental and emotional processes of individuals, focusing on understanding and treating psychopathology. Clinical psychologists assess psychological problems, develop treatment plans, and provide support. In this article, we explore what clinical psychology is, how it works, and its main approaches, such as psychotherapy.
IMPORTANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL PR IN ENSURING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Journalism and Mass Communication University of Uzbekistan Teacher at the Department of Public Relations and Advertising, Uzbekistan, Gulyamova Muhtabar
Published: September 2024

Environmental public relations (PR) plays a vital role in promoting sustainable development, particularly in countries undergoing rapid economic and environmental changes like Uzbekistan. This article examines the significance of environmental PR in fostering public awareness, corporate responsibility, and government policies aimed at achieving sustainability. Through case studies on water conservation, air quality, and waste management, the article highlights the effectiveness of environmental PR campaignsin addressing key environmental challenges in Uzbekistan. The findings suggest that while challenges remain, environmental PR is crucial for mobilizing support, influencing behavior, and ensuring the successful implementation of sustainable practices.
INDUSTRIALIZATION, INNOVATION, AND INFRASTRUCTURE IN UZBEKISTAN: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS
Authors:   Independent researcher, Lecturer at the Department of Russian Language and Literature, Mamun University, Uzbekistan, Rinatovna Khakimova Khalima
Published: September 2024

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the key factors driving Uzbekistan's economic transformation: industrialization, innovation, and infrastructure development. By examining historical trends, current strategies, and future prospects, the study highlights the crucial role these elements play in the country's sustainable development. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data analysis with qualitative case studies, to offer a comprehensive overview of Uzbekistan’s progress in these areas. The findings underscore the importance of continued investment, regulatory improvements, and international cooperation to achieve long-term economic goals.
CLINICAL AND NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF CHILDREN BORN PREMATURELY
Authors:   Assistant of the Department of Neurology, Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan, S.S. ERGASHEV , SH.T. NIYAZOV ,   Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Neurology, Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan
Published: September 2024

One of the risk factors for underdevelopment of the central nervous system in children is prematurity, which is a baby born at less than 37 full weeks of gestation. Extremely important for determining the nature of prematurity, it is in premature birth to divide premature babies by body weight. However, the modern approach to the problem, dividing children only by gestational age or only by birth weight may be insufficient.
LEGAL BASIS FOR THE APPLICATION OF EPC CONTRACTS IN THE CONSTRUCTION SECTOR UNDER UZBEKISTAN'S LEGISLATION
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, PhD student, Uzbekistan, Djoldasbaevich Karabaev Makhsetbay
Published: September 2024

This article examines the legal regulation of construction contracts under the EPC model in international private law. The introduction of international management principles in the construction sector has led to the emergence of several new terms that are difficult to understand without specialized knowledge. One of the new concepts in the construction industry is the EPC contract. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the EPC contract as a distinct type of contract, taking into account its specific features within the legal system of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
RHETORICAL TERMS IN THE BOOK SECRETS OF RHETORIC
Authors:   College Of Agriculture, University Of Diyala, Iraq, Mahdi Enaam Salih
Published: September 2024

In this study, we tried to illuminate the grammatical and rhetorical terms in Abdul Qaher Al-Jurjani's book Secrets of Rhetoric and follow the development of these terms and concepts in terms of controlling their meaning and determining the extent of their stability for Abdul Qaher Al-Jurjani. We relied on several sources, the most important of which are the books "Secrets of Rhetoric," "Dala'il Al-I'jaz fiIlm Al-Ma'ani," and "Al-I'jaz fiIlm Al-Ma'ani" by Abdul Qaher Al-Jurjani, as well as modern references. The reasons for choosing this topic are significant, as it allows us to delve into the concept of the grammatical and rhetorical term and its integration in Abdul Qaher Al-Jurjani's work, a crucial aspect of our understanding of rhetoric. Therefore, this study aims to follow the grammatical and rhetorical terms in Abdul Qaher and demonstrate the strength of their stability and maturity. This research is structured comprehensively, with an introduction, three in-depth chapters, a conclusive summary, and a comprehensive list of sources, providing a thorough exploration of the topic. Section One: Introduction to the book Secrets of Rhetoric and its author Section Two: Grammar in the book Secrets of Rhetoric Section Three: Rhetorical terminology in the book Secrets of Rhetoric.
Pemanfaatan Media Dakwah Platform Digital di Era Generasi Z
Authors: Noviana Aini
Published: September 2024

This study aims to analyze the strategies and challenges associated with using the digital platform for da'wah media to effectively reach Generation Z (Gen Z). The study adopts a qualitative approach and employs a literature review methodology. Primary sources used in this study include scholarly journals, books, and relevant social media platforms that cater to the interests and preferences of Gen Z. The collected data is analyzed by identifying emerging trends, strategies, and challenges in utilizing digital da'wah media for Gen Z. The findings reveal that Gen Z possesses distinctive characteristics in terms of accessing and consuming information, displaying a preference for visual, interactive, and easily accessible content through mobile devices. Consequently, an effective digital da'wah strategy for Gen Z should take these characteristics into account by focusing on content that is engaging, creative, and aligned with their interests. Challenges encountered in utilizing the digital platform for da'wah media among Gen Z include competing with entertainment content, a lack of digital literacy, and the potential dissemination of inaccurate information. This study offers recommendations for preachers and da'wah institutions in order to effectively and responsibly utilize digital platform media to reach Gen Z. These recommendations include the development of captivating and appealing content, the utilization of appropriate social media platforms, and the promotion of digital literacy among preachers.
Domestic Violence and Its Impact on Mental Health, Challenges on Providing Multi Sectoral Support – Albania Case
Authors: Allmuça Marsela , Bimbashi Eliona Kulluri
Published: September 2024

Domestic violence is one of the main problems of Albanian society. Açording to the latest survey of INSTAT (2018), 1 out of 2 or 52.9% of women aged 18-74 ‘ever’ experienced one or more of the five different types of violence during their lifetime. The literature shows that survivors of violence are three times more at risk of developing mental illnesses. On the other hand, those who suffer from mental health problems are more likely to be abused or even attempt suicide.The aim of the paper is to identify the challenges of social services in addressing cases of domestic violence with mental health problems in Albania. The methodology is qualitative based on available secondary data and semi-structured interviews with service providers at local level.The main conclusions of the paper are related to the lack of clear procedures for the management of cases of violence with mental health problems, difficulties in diagnosing cases, lack of specialized services, lack of trained professionals, difficulties in the long-term reintegration of cases, etc.
The Impact of Agricultural Sector Development on Employment in Nigeria
Authors: Owan Jacob Ogar , Owan-Enoh Noel Ebehung , Egajor Bevlyn , Agbor Rachel Ichere , Egere Augustine Igelle
Published: September 2024

This study examined the nexus between agricultural sector development and employment in Nigeria for the period 1970 to 2022. The Johanson Cointegration technique was used to establish the cointegrating relationship among the variables. It was revealed that long run relationship exists among the variables in the estimated model. The results of the Error Correction Mechanism showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between agricultural sector development and employment in Nigeria. It is concluded from the findings that agricultural sector development has a positive and significant impact on employment in Nigeria. The study recommends that there should more public-private partnership in the agricultural sector so that the sector can be developed rapidly through the supply of inputs, finance, infrastructures, market access among others to provide the linkages to the industrial sector so as to create the required employment in agricultural, industrial and other sectors of the economy. More funds should be injected into the agricultural sector to modernize the sector so that it can be made attractive to unemployed graduates to go into small and medium scale enterprises which is regarded as a veritable source of employment generation globally. Government should ban food import, backed by right policies to encourage local food production and processing of our local agricultural products
Manufacturing Exports and Employment Nexus in Nigeria
Authors: Owan Jacob Ogar , Owan John Odey , Etukudoh Michael John , Ebehung, Noel
Published: September 2024

Nigeria has lower manufacturing employment than other industries for several reasons, including it share to Gross domestic product. Nigeria's manufacturing sector contributes less than 10 percent of the nation's GDP. This suggests that the sector's overall economic production is weak, which may restrict its ability to provide job opportunities to the teeming populace. This study investigates the impact of manufacturing output on employment in Nigeria. The Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) estimation technique was used to establish the long run relationship among the variables. It was revealed that long run relationship exists among the variables in the estimated model. The results of the Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) within the framework of the ARDL shows that the development of the manufacturing sector is one of the key strategies for the creation of employment opportunities in Nigeria. The study recommends; the development and diversification of the manufacturing sector as one of its top long-term policy strategies for the creation of employment for Nigerians. It also suggests that policies aimed at attracting foreign investment in this sector could positively impact on employment generation. This can be accomplished by providing incentives to the operators of the manufacturing sector, such as import waivers on essential imported inputs, providing and guaranteeing large commercial trading businesses to enter the manufacturing of their products through licensing, facilitating and acting as surety in franchise agreements with foreign manufacturers, and any other incentive to help lower the manufacturing sector's cost of production. Hence, the government must prioritize the development of the manufacturing sector by providing necessary support and incentives to attract more investors and increase local production, which will lead to job creation and economic growth for Nigerians.
Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on Exchange Rate in South Africa
Authors: David Olumuyiwa Sunday
Published: September 2024

Fluctuation in exchange rate has continued to be a major treat to economic growth and maintaining its stability and competitiveness poses serious concern to government and all stakeholders. Despite series of policies and programmes undertaken by governments of various countries, exchange rate instability remains a menace. This paper evaluated the impact of some macroeconomics variables on South Africa’s Rand using annual time series data from 1970 to 2021. Multiple regression with OLS estimator was adopted for the data analysis and the results showed that exchange rate has positive relationship with interest rate while it has negative relationship with gross domestic product growth rate and net foreign trade. Although these individual relationships are not significant enough to influence the exchange rate but there is evidence the combine effect of these macroeconomic variables has significant influence on exchange rate in South Africa.
Application of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) in Stock Price Prediction
Authors: Sunday David Olumuyiwa
Published: September 2024

No doubt, the stock market has been one of the most volatile and this makes it very difficult to carry out forecast or prediction about the movement in share prices. However, the advent of machine learning is gradually changing the narratives as there are a number of neural networks which could be used to develop models to effectively predict the stock prices. This study examined the application of Long Short-Term Memory algorithms in predicting stock prices using time series data on Apple shares from 2017 to 2022. The closing price of the stocks was adopted and the data split into 98% for training and 2% for test because the study only wanted to make prediction for the last 20 days. TensorFlow together with its subset Keras libraries were employed with other libraries like Dropout for regularization and sklearn for normalization. NumPy to build array, pandas for data analysis were also imported with matplotlib for the purpose of plotting the result graph. The LSTM model was trained to learn from the sequential data and predict the share price. The outcome revealed that the machine learnt very effectively and has a predictive ability for share prices. The model was able to predict the trend or pattern in prices almost accurately.
Cashless Policy and Economic Growth in Nigeria
Authors: Samuel Enefiok N. , Emenyi Emmanuel O.
Published: September 2024

The impeding infrastructural decay, inefficient security system on financial information and the high rate of cybercrime impedes efficient and effective electronic payment system which in turn affects the attainment of objective of cashless policy in Nigeria. In view of this, this study examined the relationship between cashless policy and economic growth of Nigeria. Specifically, the study aimed at ascertaining the relationship between web-based transactions, POS transactions and ATM transactions with real GDP of Nigeria over a period of 10 years (2013-2022). This study adopted the ex-post facto design with data obtained from the Nigerian Stock Exchange fact books, National Bureau of statistics (NBS) and Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletins for the various years under study. The collected data for this study were computed and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression tools with the aid of SPSS 20.0 software. The findings revealed that POS transactions and ATM transactions have an insignificant positive relationship with real GDP while web-based transactions showed an insignificant inverse relationship. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the F-change test suggests that the model is statistically significant (p-value = 0.020<0.05). This implies that the joint effect of the predictor variables is statistically significant. In view of this, it is however concluded that cashless policy plays a critical role in improving the economic growth of Nigeria. The study recommended, amongst others, that policymakers should prioritize initiatives that promote secure online transactions, such as implementing robust cyber security measures and ensuring a reliable internet infrastructure.
Examining the Impact of Country Risks on Chinese FDI in Nigeria
Authors: Akinwale Bioku Musa , Dekpo-Adzab Senanu
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the relationship between economic risk, political risk, and Chinese foreign direct investment (FDI) in Nigeria. Using correlation analysis, the study initially identifies a weak positive correlation between economic risk and Chinese FDI, and a weak negative correlation between political risk and Chinese FDI. However, due to the weak nature of these correlations, they are deemed insufficient for decision-making purposes. To determine potential causality, a causality test and regression analysis with optimal lag variables were conducted. The results indicate a positive but statistically insignificant relationship between economic risk and Chinese FDI, and a negative but statistically insignificant relationship between political risk and Chinese FDI. These findings suggest that Chinese FDI in Nigeria is not significantly influenced by economic or political risks, aligning with theories that Chinese investments are driven by strategic objectives such as resource acquisition and geopolitical influence. The study did not find any causal relationship between the political risks and economic risk in Nigeria either. The study contributes to FDI literature by challenging conventional determinants of FDI and provides practical implications for policymakers and businesses in aligning strategies with Chinese investment motivations. Future research should explore additional factors influencing Chinese FDI to offer a more comprehensive understanding of these dynamics.
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SACHA INCHI OIL LIP BALM PREPARATIONS WITH CONCENTRATION VARIATIONS OF CERA ALBA AND LANOLIN AS LIP BALM
Authors: Putri Chintiana Nindya , Latifah Fadzil , Zahro Honest Fatimatuz
Published: September 2024

Lip balm is used on lips that require protection, such as when humidity is low, to prevent the evaporation of water and epithelial cells on the lip mucosa. The active substance used in making this lip balm is Sancha inchi oil, which is a cold-pressed oil from the seeds of Plukenetia volubilista. This oil contains omega 3 (40–50%) and omega 6 (30–40%), as well as lower oleic acid (10%) than olive oil. Natural antioxidants, including tocopherols and polyphenols, have also been found in Sacha Inchi oil. Sacha inchi oil has a fatty acid ratio and phytochemical composition, it can be used as a cosmetic ingredient as an emollient and skin protector. An experimental laboratory method was used for this study. The research was carried out by preparing lip balm from various ingredients containing the active ingredient Sacha inchi oil (Plukenetia volubilis L) at a concentration of 15%, as well as varying concentrations of cera alba (range 5-25%) and lanolin (range 2-10%) as bases and additional ingredients for preparations, whose optimization had been determined using the simplex lattice design method. The aim of this study was to identify the lip balm formulation from Sacha inchi oil and identify the effect of changes in the concentration of cera alba and lanolin based on the results of the preparation evaluation. The results of this test show that sacha inchi oil can be used as an active lip-moisturizing agent in lip balm preparations ...
The effect of diabetes on the alevel of thyroid gland hormones in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes in Thi-Qar Province,Iraq.
Authors: Saad H Al-Badry
Published: September 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus and thyroid dysfunction represent two prominent endocrine disorders frequently encountered in clinical practice. The objective of this research was to examine the prevalence of hypothyroidism among hospitalized individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, along with its associated factors.
Methods: A total of 120 in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus were admitted to the metabolic diseases unit. The findings of this investigation indicated a notable elevation of T3 and T4 levels in patients with uncontrolled diabetes (GI) when compared to those with controlled diabetes (GII) and the control group. Conversely, the levels of TSH exhibited a significant reduction in patients with uncontrolled diabetes (GI) relative to both the controlled diabetic patients (GII) and the control group. Utilizing a significance threshold of (P ≤ 0.05), this study revealed a substantial decrease in the concentrations of thyroid hormones, alongside a reduction in thyroid stimulating hormone levels in patients with uncontrolled diabetes when contrasted with the controlled diabetic patients and the control group..
Aims of Study: Evaluation the risk degree of developing of metabolic disorders complications   in patients with DM and their prevalence in Thi-Qar province.
Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that there is a clear relationship between high blood glucose levels and low T3 and T4 levels.
The Influence of Different Phase Function Combinations on Communication Quality in NLOS Communication Model
Authors: Zhang Siqi
Published: September 2024

Wireless ultraviolet communication is a new type of communication technology, which uses the atmosphere as the transmission medium, and uses the scattering effect of atmospheric molecules and aerosol particles to change the propagation direction of the optical signal carrying information, bypass the blocking obstacles and finally reach the receiving end. The study of the scattering characteristics of ultraviolet light requires the use of scattering phase function. The scattering phase function is the ratio of the scattering energy in the unit solid angle in a specific direction to the average scattering energy in all directions. The scattering of ultraviolet light by the atmosphere is usually divided into two cases : Rayleigh scattering and Mie scattering. Therefore, the scattering phase function is also divided into two cases : Rayleigh scattering phase function and Mie scattering phase function. The scattering phase function in this paper is obtained by the weighted average of the two. There are many empirical formulas for Rayleigh scattering phase function and Mie scattering phase function. In this paper, the ultraviolet light of 266 nm wavelength is taken as an example to simulate and analyze the variation trend of scattering coefficient with wavelength and visibility, and the influence of the combination of different scattering phase functions on the received light power per unit area in the process of ultraviolet atmospheric transmission.