bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Perceptions of and Attitudes Toward Obesity in Bulgarian Adults with a BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2—An Exploratory Study
Authors: Boyanov Mihail , Grigorova Margarita , Karteva-Stoycheva Anna , Atanasova Todorka , Nikolova Maria
Published: January 2025

Background: Obesity affects 33.2% of the adult population in Bulgaria, and there is a scarcity of information about affected individuals’ attitudes toward their weight situation. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of obesity in affected adults. Methods: The present study involved a questionnaire-based survey that utilized home-based and tablet-assisted face-to-face interviews. Interviewees comprised individuals aged 25–64 y/o with a BMI > 25.0 kg/m2. Results: Overall, 704 respondents participated (344 overweight; 360 obese). Over 50% of participants reported attempts to reduce their weight, with only 6% of participants in the overweight group and 16% in the obese group perceiving their condition as worrisome. One-third of the obese participants considered their state temporary. The main cause for alarm in overweight/obese participants was a worsening overall physical condition in males and an increase in clothes size in females. The need for an urgent reduction in body weight was noted by 12% of the overweight respondents and 40% of the obese respondents. The reasons for being overweight were collated as a lack of physical activity (noted by 52% of participants), sedentary lifestyle (51%), stress/depression (41%), excessive consumption of carbohydrates (34%), general overconsumption of food (33%), and poor quality of food products (28%). Of note, 56% of the respondents had first consulted a medical professional about being overweight. Most respondents selected dieting without physical activity for weight reduction, with 48% stating that they would try drugs approved for weight reduction. Conclusions: Many overweight/obese individuals have an unrealistic self-perception and very low motivation to take active measures. These discrepancies offer great opportunities for better public education and structured, active strategies.
Identification of Novel Progesterone Receptor (PR) Inhibitors (Homo sapiens) from Metabolites of Biotransformation Fungal: A Bioinformatics Approach
Authors: Dourado Janaína de Araújo E. , Lopes Samuel Q. , Jimenez David Esteban Q. , Ramos Ryan S. , Ferreira Irlon M.
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Steroids have demonstrated selective cytotoxic properties against tumor cells. The pro-gesterone receptor (PR) plays a vital role in the proliferation, cell differentiation, and maintenance of female reproductive tissue, and its malfunction can lead to breast cancer. The use of the biocatalytic method by filamentous fungi has sparked interest in the obtained of steroids due to the advantages of the process. Methods: Pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties (rat and mouse), molecular docking simulation studies, and prediction of the spectrum of biological activity were performed to select molecules with the potential for PR inhibition, from 155 biotransformed products of the progesterone. Subsequently, the chemical structures were subjected to an evaluation of their pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties and, with the application of ADMET filters. Results: Androstenedione, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, and dihydrotestosterone, obtained by the process of biotransformation of PR by different filamentous fungi, showed good pharmacokinetic profiles and low toxicity compared to the control groups. The in-silico data associated with molecular docking studies revealed the best binding affinity and similarity in the interactions of these molecules against the human progesterone receptor target. Thus, the results of biological activity spectrum prediction highlight the great potential to investigate the role of molecular descriptors in the attribution of anti-cancer activities. Conclusions: The biocatalytic process, by filamentous fungi, can provide important molecules as a product of progesterone biotransformation, such as androstenedione, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, and dihydrotestosterone. In this study we showed that these molecules have good pharmacokinetic profiles and low toxicity for antineoplastic activity (breast cancer).
A Scale Invariant Fully Conformal Cosmological Model and Its Support by Astrophysical Data
Authors: Dvorsky Richard
Published: January 2025

According to general relativity, the cosmological redshift may be caused by other mechanisms than the source moving away from the observer. It can occur on a global scale, similar to the gravitational redshift near massive stars. In principle, these are differences in the time-dependent global metric field between the source in the past and the observer in the present. In this paper we attempt a new interpretation of the simple solution of Einstein’s equations within a fully conformal metric for the case of a time-independent energy-momentum tensor. The scaling factor here acts identically on all four space-time coordinates and the speed of light is independent of the conformal time. The fully conformal metric is interpreted here as a universal geometric background which is scale invariant and acts universally on all objects, including gauges and clocks, regardless of their dimensions and internal interactions. The associated scale invariant exponential expansion is thus only relative and all observers at different times are completely equal. The model introduces the concept of the appearent age of the universe, which is the limiting consequence of time dilation into the past, and corresponds to the present value of the age of the universe H−1 according to the standard model. This appearent age is the same for all observers, and the Hubble constant is thus a true universal constant, invariant to time translations. The motivation of this work was to test the possibility of the above cosmological redshift mechanism in confrontation with astrophysical data. Probably the most important consequence is the generalized formulation and interpretation of the Hubble-Lemaître law z(r) = (eHr/c − 1), which shows good agreement with astrophysical data even for the most distant supernovae. Confronting the conformal metric model with some astrophysical data shows an interesting agreement with the observed spatial distribution of astrophysical sources such as γ-ray bursts and quasars. On a cosmological scale, the above fully conformal metric naturally determines the global energy density, spatial flatness, and solves the horizon problem and Olbers’ paradox in infinite spacetime.
Lineage 7 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Vaccine Demonstrates Cross-Protection Against Lineage 1 and Lineage 3 Strains
Authors: Chiu Hsien-Jen , Chang Shu-Wei , Lin Hongyao , Chuang Yi-Chun , Kuo Kun-Lin , Lin Chia-Hung , Chiou Ming-Tang , Lin Chao-Nan
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has a major impact on swine productivity. Modified-live vaccines (MLVs) are used to aid in control. We investigated the cross-protection provided by a lineage 7 PRRSV MLV against a lineage 1 isolate under laboratory conditions and a lineage 3 challenge under field conditions in Taiwan. Methods: In the first study, thirty PRRS antibody-negative conventional piglets were vaccinated via the intramuscular (IM) or the intradermal (ID) route, with the control group receiving a placebo. Four weeks after immunization, all groups were challenged with a Taiwanese lineage 1 strain. The standard protocol for detection of reversion to virulence was applied to the vaccine strain in the second study, using sixteen specific pathogen-free piglets. In the third study, on an infected pig farm in Taiwan (lineage 3 strain), three hundred piglets were randomly selected and divided into three groups, each injected with either the PrimePac® PRRS vaccine via the IM or the ID route, or a placebo. Results: In the first study, both vaccinated groups demonstrated reduced viraemia compared to the control group. The second study demonstrated that the MLV strain was stable. In the third study, piglet mortality, average daily weight gain, and pig stunting rate were significantly improved in the vaccinated groups compared to the control group. Conclusions: PrimePac® PRRS is safe to use in the field in the face of a heterologous challenge, successfully providing cross-protection against contemporary lineage 1 and lineage 3 PRRSV strains from Taiwan.
فاعلية برنامج علاجي قائم على تجويد القرآن الكريم في التخفيف من شدة التأتأة: دراسة ميدانية بمدينة الأغواط
Authors: BRAHIMI Souad , DAHMANI Khaoula , BENMOUIZA Fatiha
Published: January 2025

هدفت الدراسة إلى التحقق من فاعلية البرنامج العلاجي القائم على تجويد القرآن الكريم في التخفيف من شدة التأتأة في أبعادها الثلاثة (التكرارات، الاطالات، الحركات والأصوات المصاحبة)، ولهذا الغرض أجري البحث على حالتين من الأطفال المتأتئين من فئة عمرية متمثلة في (10 – 12 سنة)، تم اختيارهم بطريقة قصدية، ومن أجل الحصول على البيانات تمت الاستعانة باستمارة المعلومات، وتطبيق اختبار شدة التأتأة لنهلة الرفاعي، بالإضافة إلى البرنامج العلاجي المقترح، كما تم الاعتماد على المنهج التجريبي ذو التصميم شبه التجريبي بتصميم المجموعة الواحدة لتناسبه مع الدراسة. وأسفرت النتائج إلى أن البرنامج العلاجي القائم على تجويد القرآن الكريم فعّال في التخفيف من شدة التأتأة في أبعادها الثلاث (إطالات، تكرارات، حركات وأصوات مصاحبة) لدى مجموعة الدراسة.
Development of an Efficient and Generalized MTSCAM Model to Predict Liquid Chromatography Retention Times of Organic Compounds
Authors: Fan Mengdie , Sang Chenhui , Li Hua , Wei Yue , Zhang Bin , Xing Yang , Zhang Jing , Yin Jie , An Wei , Shao Bing
Published: January 2025

Accurate prediction of liquid chromatographic retention times is becoming increasingly important in nontargeted screening applications. Traditional retention time approaches heavily rely on the use of standard compounds, which is limited by the speed of synthesis and manufacture of standard products, and is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Recently, machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms have been applied to retention time prediction, which show unparalleled advantages over traditional experimental methods. However, existing retention time prediction methods usually suffer from the scarcity of comprehensive training datasets, sparsity of valid data, and lack of classification in datasets, resulting in poor generalization capability and accuracy. In this study, a dataset for 10,905 compounds was constructed including their retention times. Next, an innovative classification system was implemented, classifying 10,905 compounds into a 3-tier hierarchy across 141 classes, based on functional group weighting. Then, data augmentation was performed within each category using simplified molecular input line entry system (SMILES) enumeration combined with structural similarity expansion. Finally, by training the optimal quantitative structure–retention relationship (QSRR) models for each category of compounds and selecting the best-fitting model for prediction via discriminant analysis during the prediction period, a novel and universal high-throughput retention time prediction model was established. The results demonstrate that this model achieves an
R
2
of 0.98 and an average prediction error of 23 s, outperforming currently published models. This study provides a scientific basis for high throughput and rapid prediction of unknown pollutants, data mining, nontargeted screening, etc.
Coherent Control of Single Molecules via Phase-Shaped Two-Photon Excitation at Room Temperature
Authors: Xu Xin-peng , Herkenrath Tobias M. , Scherf Ullrich , Hildner Richard
Published: January 2025

Coherent control has been achieved in atoms and small molecules in gas phase during the past few decades. An intriguing demonstration of coherent control is a so-called “dark pulse” that cancels 2-photon transition probabilities despite exposing the target to the full power spectrum of transform-limited laser pulses. However, for larger functional molecules in condensed phase at room temperature, ensemble measurements do typically not allow exerting full control over competing pathways due to the unavoidable influence of the surrounding (mostly complex) environment. Here, we demonstrate room-temperature coherent control exploiting a nonresonant 2-photon transition into a higher excited state of single conjugated polymer chains embedded in a disordered matrix, including proof-of-principle experiments on bulk films. To manipulate the 2-photon transition probability, we exploit complex pulse sequences, created by a systematically varied cosinusoidal spectral phase applied to the excitation laser spectrum. For single molecules, the phase-dependent response varies from molecule to molecule, which reflects the spectral heterogeneity (position, linewidth) of their 2-photon transitions. These data indicate that coherent control of single molecules requires optimization of parameters for each individual molecule. The experimental data are reproduced by a simple model that allows to directly retrieve the 2-photon absorption spectrum of each single molecule. Our coherent-control approach is a powerful and robust way to obtain spectral characteristics of higher excited states of single molecules and to manipulate the excited-state dynamics in condensed phase at room temperature. It holds the potential to be useful for the characterization of complex organic functional materials.
STRATEGI EDUKASI DAN PENCEGAHAN PELECEHAN SEKSUAL PADA REMAJA BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS
Authors: Prasetyaningsih Dwi
Published: January 2025

Sexual harassment against adolescents with special needs is a critical issue that demands focused attention through the implementation of effective educational strategies to prevent and protect them from heightened risks due to communication and comprehension limitations. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of educational strategies designed to prevent sexual harassment in this vulnerable group, while also identifying the challenges and adjustments required for their successful implementation. Using a qualitative approach based on a comprehensive literature review, the findings indicate that many educational strategies are still ineffective and fail to adequately address the specific needs of adolescents with cognitive and sensory impairments. Key challenges include accessibility barriers and insufficient resources, whereas necessary adjustments involve incorporating assistive technologies and developing more inclusive educational models. The study highlights the urgent need for updated child protection policies and the creation of adaptive educational frameworks that better respond to the unique needs of adolescents with special requirements.
Pelecehan seksual terhadap remaja berkebutuhan khusus merupakan isu serius yang membutuhkan perhatian khusus melalui pengembangan strategi edukasi yang efektif untuk mencegah dan melindungi mereka dari risiko lebih tinggi akibat keterbatasan komunikasi dan pemahaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas strategi edukasi yang diterapkan dalam pencegahan pelecehan seksual pada kelompok ini sekaligus mengidentifikasi tantangan dan penyesuaian yang diperlukan. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berbasis studi pustaka, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa banyak strategi edukasi masih kurang efektif dan belum sepenuhnya mengakomodasi kebutuhan spesifik remaja dengan gangguan kognitif dan sensorik. Tantangan utama meliputi hambatan aksesibilitas dan keterbatasan sumber daya, sedangkan penyesuaian yang diperlukan mencakup penggunaan teknologi asistif serta pengembangan model edukasi yang lebih inklusif. Implikasi dari penelitian ini menekankan perlunya pembaruan kebijakan perlindungan anak dan pengembangan model edukasi yang lebih adaptif dan responsif terhadap kebutuhan khusus remaja.
ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ТЕРРОРИЗМ: СУЩНОСТЬ И МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЙ ОПЫТ НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВОГО ПРО ТИВОДЕЙСТВИЯ
Authors: ДЖАХБАРОВ Ю.А. , КАСУМОВ Р.М. , МАГОМЕДОВ С.М.
Published: January 2025

В статье представлена характеристика особенностей современного кибертерроризма как наиболее опасной формы терроризма, угрожающей всему мировому сообществу. Исследованы направления угроз международной информационной безопасности, рассмотрен опыт правового регулирования информационного терроризма на примере двух стран - США и Китай. Авторами подчеркивается необходимость координации усилий международного сообщества для борьбы с информационным терроризмом и снижения рисков киберугроз.

The article describes the features of modern cyberterrorism as the most dangerous form of terrorism that threatens the entire world community. The directions of threats to international information security are investigated, the experience of legal regulation of information terrorism is considered on the example of two countries - the USA and China. The authors emphasize the need to coordinate the efforts of the international community to combat information terrorism and reduce the risks of cyber threats.
MODEL LATIHAN KHUSUS UNTUK MENGURANGI NYERI PADA ICHIALGIA
Authors: Zubaidi Alfan , Septiani Anissa Eka , Akbar Muh. Syaiful
Published: January 2025

Research on specialised exercise therapy is needed to improve the effectiveness and efficiency in reducing ichialgia pain, which is a painful condition in the buttock area that radiates down the leg, even to the sole of the foot. The pain is often caused by nerve entrapment around the ichiadicus muscle. In the long term, the pain can radiate to both legs and the waist, causing fatigue and impaired function. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of specialised exercise therapy designs in reducing ichialgia pain. This type of research is a Randomised Control Trial (RCT). The study sample was 100 ichialgia patients at Muhammadiyah Karanganyar Hospital. Each group consists of 80 patients. The sampling technique used random sampling. Based on the results of statistical analysis, the Sig. (2 Tailed) of 0.001, which indicates a significant average difference in pain reduction after therapy.
Exploring the Food Quality System (SQF) in Plastic Cap Manufacturing: A Scientific and Practical Approach
Authors: Campos-Villegas Cesar Antonio , Pecina-Rivas Erika María
Published: January 2025

The Food Safety Quality System. (SQF) is a critical tool for ensuring the safety and quality of
food products. However, its application goes beyond the food industry. The Food Quality System
(SQF) is a necessary tool to ensure the safety and quality of food products. Therefore, this study
focuses on the investigation of SQF in the specific context of plastic cap manufacturing. The
unique challenges faced by this sector in terms of food safety, product quality, and regulatory
compliance are examined, and a practical framework for implementing SQF in plastic cap
manufacturing operations is proposed, with the goal of improving product safety and customer
satisfaction. It is concluded that the Food Quality System (SQF) is essential to guarantee food
safety and quality in the manufacture of plastic lids, helping to mitigate contamination risks,
improve processes and meet consumer expectations. However, there is variability in SQF
compliance among companies, with some showing high compliance and others requiring
improvements, a clear correlation between SQF compliance and product quality indicates that
rigorous standards result in higher quality products and customer satisfaction; The choice of
rigorous, standardized criteria to assess compliance and quality is essential. Despite the good
performance in implementing the SQF, there are always opportunities for continuous
improvement through the identification of critical areas and the adoption of corrective actions.
State estimation of discrete event systems using fuzzy timed petri nets
Authors: González-Castolo Juan Carlos , López-Mellado Ernesto , Ramos-Cabral Silvia , Zataraín-Durán Omar Alí
Published: January 2025

In this work, an extension is made to the inference of the state of
discrete event systems using knowledge about the duration of
activities. The mentioned systems are characterized by the
absence of sensors and where the activities have a variable
duration. This causes the uncertainty about the state of the system
to increase. The problem is addressed by calculating the fuzzy
marking of the Fuzzy timed Petri Net (FTPN). In this formalism,
fuzzy sets are associated with the places, which have information
about the variation of the end of the activities. To keep this
uncertainty limited, the location of a minimum set of sensors is
studied and rules are established for their placement in order to
keep limited the uncertainty in the approximation of the marking
in Marked Graph structures and State Machines. In this situation,
the estimation device obtains and updates a belief that
approximates the condition of the system.
KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR DI KANTOR SAMSAT KOTA KENDARI
Authors: Murniati  , Riston G. Ahmad  , Dahniar
Published: January 2025

government income, particularly in Southeast Sulawesi Province. This study aims to analyze the impact of public service quality at the One-Stop Administration System Office (SAMSAT) in Kendari City on the compliance level of motor vehicle taxpayers. Data revealed that in 2023, the taxpayer compliance rate in Kendari City dropped to 68.50%, with 45,556 taxpayers out of 144,634 failing to fulfil their obligations. The findings indicate that the quality of public services, including accessibility, speed of service, clarity of information, and courteous attitudes of officers, significantly influence taxpayer satisfaction and compliance. From 2021 to 2023, the realization of regional tax revenues consistently exceeded the targets, with an average achievement rate of 147.33%. However, challenges remain in maintaining consistent taxpayer compliance. Factors influencing compliance include taxpayers' understanding of their tax obligations, the quality of services provided by tax authorities, and public awareness of the importance of tax contributions to regional development. This study concludes that improving public service quality at the SAMSAT Office in Kendari City is a crucial strategy for enhancing taxpayer compliance and optimizing local revenue.
Identifikasi Kombinasi Ruang Lingkup dengan Skema Pengembalian Tarif untuk Mendukung Kelayakan Ekonomi dan Finansial Proyek KPBU Rumah Susun Kek Sei Mangkei
Authors: Renatha Gina , Rizkianto Eko
Published: January 2025

Penyediaan satu juta hunian layak bagi Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah (MBR) merupakan salah satu prioritas pemerintah dalam RPJMN 2020–2024. Salah satu proyek yang dirancang untuk MBR dan pekerja di KEK Sei Mangkei adalah pembangunan rumah susun melalui skema KPBU. Namun, proyek ini menghadapi kendala karena skema pengembalian investasi yang memenuhi indikator kelayakan menggunakan availability payment (AP) yang bersumber dari APBD, sedangkan keterbatasan anggaran pemerintah daerah menjadi hambatan utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kombinasi ruang lingkup yang dapat mendukung kelayakan ekonomi dan finansial jika proyek distrukturkan dengan skema pengembalian tarif, menggunakan metode ABMS, NPV, IRR, PBP, dan DSCR. Hasil penelitian diharapkan mampu memberikan rekomendasi ruang lingkup proyek yang optimal untuk mendukung kelayakan ekonomi dan finansial.
Biomarcadores prognósticos e preditivos em sepse infantil: inovações e aplicações clínicas
Authors: Frazão Luiz Felipe Neves , Ribeiro Schettert Isadora , Mansur Zambaldi Luca Moreira , Ramos Muniz Braga Gabriel , Martins de Lima Ana Beatriz , Ribeiro Mateus dos Santos , Machado Ribeiro Sthefan Bruno , Figueiredo Zaccara Felipe de , Bernardes Cabral Bárbara Helena , Rodrigues Alves Murilo Zupelli , Palmério Maria Eduarda Galdino
Published: January 2025

O artigo possui como objetivo expor os principais biomarcadores de sepse pediátrica e apontar suas vantagens no prognóstico dos afetados e como objetivo secundários, demonstrar o Modelo de Risco de Biomarcadores de Sepse Pediátrica (PERSEVERE).  Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de caráter crítico e analítico, na  pesquisa  sobre  os principais  conceitos  no  que tange os biomarcadores de sepse pediátrica. Foi  realizada  uma  revisão  de  artigos  nas  bases  de  dados   Scientific  Electronic  Library  Online (SciELO) e PubMed, com os seguintes Descritores em Ciências  da  Saúde  (DeCS): Biomarcadores; Pediatria; Sepse. A mortalidade associada à sepse permanece um desafio significativo para a saúde pública infantil global. Estimar de forma confiável o risco basal de mortalidade em casos de sepse pediátrica representa uma forma importante de enriquecimento prognóstico. O enriquecimento prognóstico é essencial para diversas áreas, incluindo a tomada de decisões clínicas, a alocação eficiente de recursos, os esforços para melhoria da qualidade do atendimento e a pesquisa. Embora diversos biomarcadores tenham sido avaliados para estimar o risco de desfechos desfavoráveis em sepse, poucos foram validados com rigor suficiente para serem adotados clinicamente como estratégias eficazes de enriquecimento prognóstico. O uso de biomarcadores para identificar pacientes com sepse continua sendo uma área de pesquisa amplamente reconhecida e de grande importância. No entanto, uma vertente igualmente relevante, embora menos enfatizada, é a descoberta e o desenvolvimento de biomarcadores voltados para o enriquecimento prognóstico e preditivo em pacientes com sepse. Nos últimos anos, essa área tem avançado significativamente, especialmente no contexto pediátrico.
СИСТЕМА АВТОМАТИЗАЦИИ УЧЕБНОГО ЦЕНТРА
ПО ПРОВЕДЕНИЮ КОМПЬЮТЕРНЫХ КУРСОВ
Authors: Закриев З.И. , Умаев С.-Э.И.
Published: January 2025

Статья описывает разработку системы автоматизации учебного центра, специализирующегося на проведении компьютерных курсов. Она акцентирует внимание на необходимости автоматизации процессов, таких как регистрация студентов, управление расписанием, учет платежей и оценка успеваемости. В системе предусмотрены инструменты для мониторинга активности учащихся и их обратной связи, что способствует улучшению качества обучения. Авторы подчеркивают, что внедрение данной системы повышает эффективность управления учебным процессом, оптимизирует трудозатраты преподавателей и улучшает опыт студентов.
ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ БИБЛИОТЕКИ PYTORCH ЯЗЫКА ПРОГРАММИРОВАНИЯ PYTHON ПРИ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ НЕЙРОННЫХ СЕТЕЙ
Authors: Минаев О.М. , Азиев М.А.
Published: January 2025

В статье проанализированы возможности библиотеки PyTorch языка программирования Python при реализации нейронных сетей, указаны области применения данной библиотеки в системах машинного обучения, начиная от систем компьютерного зрения, и завершая системами обработки естественного языка, приведены достоинства и недостатки данной библиотеки по сравнению с аналогами.
ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ И РАЗРАБОТКА АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННОЙ
ОБУЧАЮЩЕЙ СИСТЕМЫ
Authors: Мицаева Л.Ш. , Муртазаев А.М.
Published: January 2025

В статье рассматривается процесс проектирования и разработки автоматизированной обучающей системы, направленной на оптимизацию образовательного процесса. Авторы анализируют современные тенденции в образовательных технологиях и описывают ключевые компоненты системы, включая адаптивные алгоритмы и интерактивные элементы обучения. Работа демонстрирует, как автоматизация может улучшить качество образования, создавая гибкую учебную среду.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ УСТАНОВКИ АЭРАТОРА
Authors: Исаев М.И. , Шадралиев А.А. , Алдамов А.А.
Published: January 2025

Экологический баланс является той основой на которой формируется все основные элементы протекания благоприятного жизненного цикла на земле. С увеличением населения земли и с большим темпом индустриализации экологический баланс меняется что приводит к масштабным природным катаклизмам.
ВЛИЯНИЕ КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИХ И ПРИРОДНЫХ УСЛОВИЙ НА ЗДОРОВЬЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ЧЕЧЕНСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ
Authors: Мукаева Л.А. , Атуева С.Х.
Published: January 2025

В этом исследовании выявлена взаимообусловленность природных и антропогенных факторов изменения динамики климата и здоровья населения Чеченской Республики.
Інноваційні практики вчителя нової української школи: від досвіду до інновацій
Authors: Гавлітіна Тетяна
Published: January 2025

У статті наголошується, що важливою умовою реалізації педагогічної діяльності сучасного вчителя є нові форми впровадження та поширення педагогічного досвіду, зокрема переорієнтація цього досвіду на новаторство й інноваційну діяльність. За цих умов головною ідеєю змісту шкільної освіти є впровадження новітніх методів та підходів до навчання. Зокрема, вчителі не просто мають набувати практичних навичок формування ключових компетентностей у здобувачів освіти, а оволодіти новими методами і освітніми технологіями, сприяти їхньому створенню і поширенню.
Інноваційне навчання розглядається автором як процес і результат такої педагогічної діяльності, що стимулює внесення інноваційних змін у сучасну культуру, сучасний соціальний досвід і сучасну школу як відкриту до змін соціально-педагогічну систему. Зважаючи на це, інновації в новій українській школі спрямовані на покращення не лише якості результатів здобувачів освіти, а передусім якості педагогічної діяльності, адже кожна інноваційна практика на основі досвіду та упровадження нової системи форм і методів навчання, виховання та розвитку особистості здобувача має прорости у використання особливих підходів щодо їхнього застосування, нестандартного використання прийомів і технік педагогічної діяльності.
Імерсивні технології для підтримки змішаного навчання у вітчизняних закладах загальної середньої освіти
Authors: Носенко Юлія
Published: January 2025

У статті схарактеризовано імерсивні технології (ІмТ), які нині стали беззаперечними індикаторами освітніх інновацій та поступово інтегруються у різні сфери людської діяльності. Впровадження ІмТ у змішаному навчанні має низку переваг: поглиблення розуміння складних тем, індивідуалізація навчання, можливість практичного застосування знань, покращення співпраці та комунікації, гнучкість та доступність навчання, зменшення навчальних бар’єрів, оцінювання знань у реальному часі, реалізація креативних підходів до навчання, розвиток навичок самостійного навчання, глобальний доступ до ресурсів, підтримка емоційної залученості та мотивації, реалістичне моделювання професійного середовища, економія ресурсів.
Для обрання найбільш доцільної ІмТ запропоновано певні критерії (мета використання, користувацький досвід, технічні вимоги, масштабованість, витрати, локалізація, безпека, підтримка), що дозволять визначитися з тим, яка саме технологія потрібна для виконання поставлених задач.
У результаті опитування вчителів закладів ЗСО України, проведеного у 2024 році, було з’ясовано, що 66,9 % респондентів реалізують змішане навчання, 30,1 % працюють у традиційному форматі, відповідно 3 % – у дистанційному. За цих умов найбільш поширеними моделями змішаного навчання виявилися: «індивідуальна ротація», «перевернутий клас», «гнучка модель».
На основі аналітичної роботи було здійснено добір ІмТ (VR, AR, 360-градусні відео) та описано можливості їхнього використання не тільки відповідно до моделей змішаного навчання, а й щодо різних видів навчальної діяльності (класна робота, домашнє завдання, індивідуальні завдання, поглиблення знань, проєктна робота та ін.).
Perceptual Portrait of Belovezhskaya Pushcha in Regional Linguistic Consciousness
Authors:   Minsk State Linguistic University, Ilyicheva Inna L.
Published: January 2025

The article presents the results of an experimental study on the perceptual embodiment of the BELOVEZHSKAYA PUSHCHA concept as a fragment of regional worldview. The research aimed to characterize the way this concept is expressed in the linguistic consciousness of residents of the Brest region by modelling and analysing its perceptual component. The main research method applied in the paper is the anthropometric method, combined with statistical and contextual analysis techniques. The material consists of associative reactions to the stimulus phrase Belovezhskaya Pushcha, obtained by processing 300 respondent questionnaires. All the participants in the experiment are residents of the Brest region and represent three age groups: schoolchildren, students, and the working population. The perceptual features are arranged from the most to the least frequent. As a result of quantitative processing of the reactions, the following images of the concept were identified: chromatological, auditory, and olfactory. In each of these images, dominant and peripheral units were recorded. The analysis established that the boundaries between the modes are unclear. In a number of cases, to describe Belovezhskaya Pushcha respondents used a symbiosis of several modes, based on which tactile-visual, gustatory-olfactory, and visual-auditory images were recorded. The phenomenon of synaesthesia serves as a means of conveying one’s emotions and impressions in connection with the visit to Belovezhskaya Pushcha. The analysis of the data obtained showed that the BELOVEZHSKAYA PUSHCHA concept is communicatively relevant in the perception of residents of the Brest region: in the regional worldview, not only the conceptual component is updated, but also a multi-level perceptual image filled with unique connotations is modelled.
Library Operators and the Epistemology of Artificial Intelligence
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Markov Aleksandr V. , Shtayn Оksana A. ,   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin
Published: January 2025

The article dwells on the origins of the concept of artificial intelligence as applied to the library with its principles of fast search. The integrity of such knowledge, corresponding to the integrity of the products of neural networks, is characterized. The history of science has seen not only the management of discoveries, but also the operation of such specific production, manifested vividly in the activities of women mathematicians and women philosophers. They are operators rather than inventors of networks, who integrate networks and ensure that different epistemic regimes can be integrated. In this paper, the historical outline of the emergence of the library as a model of artificial intelligence is discussed. The ancient regulations of Aristotle and the Library of Alexandria stipulated a purely alphabetical rather than thematic ordering principle; at that time, the production of knowledge required visual aids, integral formulae, and the decomposition of knowledge into indications of sources without remainder. An ideal operator of such a library was Hypatia of Alexandria. Further development of libraries involved the production of corporate, religious, and national knowledge, unlocked by new operators through returning universal meaning to the visual representation of knowledge. Currently, such universal visual representation is characteristic of images generated by artificial intelligence. Knowledge production modes require functions of both direct producers and recipients of knowledge. The development of sciences during different periods has made it necessary to encompass the knowable as well as to recognize its agency and ability to become ready for use. We see the origins of such agency in primitive initiation and view the library as a mechanism of potential initiation. In that case, we need not only knowledge distributors that make potential initiation real, but also knowledge operators that make it possible to move from harsher to softer modes of initiation. The article points out the traits that an individual acting as a reliable operator of such knowledge can have. Recognizing the agency of libraries allows us to plan the use of neural networks, including for countering fake news.
EKONOMİK GÜVENLİK KAPSAMINDA BORÇ TUZAĞI DİPLOMASİSİ: ÇİN’İN EKONOMİ POLİTİKASINA BAKIŞ
Authors: Aslan Ramazan
Published: January 2025

Küresel ekonominin ulaştığı boyut uluslararası ekonomide ve dolayısıyla siyasette karşılıklı bağımlılığı hızla artırmıştır. Uyguladığı ekonomi politikaları sayesinde son çeyrek yüzyılda küresel ekonomideki ağırlığı her geçen gün artan Çin ise artan küresel ağırlığını, ekonomi politik yaklaşımlarla siyasi kazanca çevirmeyi başarmaktadır. Ancak Çin’in, büyük döviz rezervlerini kullanmak suretiyle geliştirdiği ekonomik ilişkilerinin, süreç içinde ilişki geliştirdiği az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan bazı ülkelerin ekonomik güvenliğine zarar vermeye başladığı görülmektedir.
Sri Lanka ve Malezya örneklerinden hareketle Çin’e atfedilen borç tuzağı diplomasisi ile Bir Kuşak Bir Yol (BKBY) girişimi karşıtı bir kamuoyu oluşturulmaya gayret edildiği görülmektedir. Çin’in borç/kredi verirken yaptığı anlaşmaların özel şartlara haiz olduğu bilinmekle birlikte, borç tuzağının özellikle ulaşılmak istenen bir amaç olmadığı, Çin’in ekonomik güvenliğini sağlamak amacıyla uyguladığı politikaların ve borç alan ülkelerdeki yanlış ekonomi politikaları ile ülkeye has uygulamalardan kaynaklandığı anlaşılmaktadır.
Öte yandan Çin ile gelişen ekonomik ilişkiler kapsamında, Türkiye’de önemli yatırımları bulunması çerçevesinde dikkatli hareket edilmesi gerekmektedir. Ancak ekonomik altyapısı ve büyüklüğü nedeniyle, Türkiye için borç tuzağı riski oluşmadığı değerlendirilmektedir.
Hubungan Pertambahan Berat Tubuh Ibu Hamil Terhadap Berat Janin Melalui Fetal Biometri Ultrasonografi
Authors: Hidayat Wahyu , Edy Widiatmoko Mahfud
Published: January 2025

Pemeriksaan USG merupakan salah satu modalitas utama menjadi alat yang penting digunakan untuk mengetahui tumbuh kembang janin pada ibu hamil seperti berat badan janin guna mencegah stunting, komplikasi dan kelainan lainnya sehingga dapat di tangani lebih awal, cepat dan teapt untuk kesehatan ibu dan janin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peranan USG dalam hubungannya penambahan berat badan ibu hamil dan janin melalui Fetal Biometri. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif, dengan jumlah sampel 37 ibu hami. Hasil Penelitian: sebagian besar janin yang berusia di atas 30 minggu memiliki berat antara 2500-3500 gram (normal). Namun, ada beberapa janin dengan berat lebih rendah (di bawah 2500 gram), yang mungkin memerlukan pemantauan lebih lanjut terkait kemungkinan adanya intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Simpulan: sebagian besar ibu hamil mengalami peningkatan berat badan sesuai dengan standar kehamilan, meskipun ada beberapa kasus ibu dengan berat badan rendah yang memerlukan perhatian lebih dalam hal nutrisi
THE IDENTIFIKASI KEBUTUHAN MEDIA DALAM TERAPI WICARA: LANGKAH MENUJU METODE YANG EFEKTIF
Authors: Ekasari Tetty
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi media terapi yang digunakan terapis wicara dalam melakukan terapi terhadap pasien/klien dengan gangguan bahasa dan/atau wicara baik anak maupun dewasa.  Gangguan bahasa dan/atau wicara baik anak maupun dewasa yaitu kasus gangguan yang banyak ditangani oleh para terapis di Kota Bandung berdasarkan survey kuesioner. Selanjutnya hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan solusi pada pengembangan metode terapi yang lebih efektif. Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskrtiptif. Subjek sebanyak 40 orang terapis yang ada di wilayah Kota Bandung. Objek penelitian ini adalah kebutuhan media dan metode terapi yang digunakan oleh para terapis dalam menangani klien/pasien dengan gangguan bahasa dan/atau wicara. Teknik pengambilan data pada penelitian ini yaitu penyebaran kuesioner pada 40 orang terapis tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media terapi yang banyak digunakan oleh para terapis adalah kartu gambar/kata (flash card) Sedangkan metode yang banyak digunakan pada pasien/klien dengan gangguan bahasa dan/atau wicara adalah Stimulasi Multimodal.
Entropy evaluation in inverse Weibull unified hybrid censored data with application to mechanical components and head-neck cancer patients
Authors: Alotaibi Refah , Nassar Mazen , Khan Zareen A. , Ali Alajlan Wejdan , Elshahhat Ahmed
Published: January 2025

Entropy is a scientific term that finds applications in various domains, such as the laws of thermodynamics, where it was initially discovered, as well as statistical physics and information theory. We used unified hybrid censored data to investigate some inverse Weibull distribution entropy metrics. Entropy is defined using three measures: Rényi, Shannon, and Tsallis entropy. The classical estimates of the entropy measures were developed using the unified hybrid censored data, which included both point and approximation confidence intervals. The Bayesian method utilized the Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling technique to develop Bayesian estimations. This was done by employing two loss functions, namely squared error and general entropy loss functions. Additionally, we delved into the investigation of Bayes credible intervals. Monte Carlo simulations were applied to explain how the estimates functioned at different sample sizes and censoring strategies via some accuracy criteria. Several observations were made in light of the simulation results. To provide a clear explanation of the offered methodologies, two applications using mechanical and cancer data sets were investigated.
The novel stochastic structure of solitary waves to the stochastic Maccari's system via Wiener process
Authors: Almatrafi M. B. , Abdelrahman Mahmoud A. E.
Published: January 2025

This article investigates the nonlinear Maccari model with multiplicative noise using the unified technique. Numerous new important solitary wave solutions are presented with free physical parameters. These solutions play a vital role in various domains, including nonlinear optics, plasma physics, and hydrodynamics. The investigation shows that the solution process is quick and clear, where a comparatively higher number of novel solutions are obtained. The performance of the used approach is compared with that of other methods. We create 2D and 3D graphs for certain solutions of the study, utilizing suitably selected values for the physical parameters. We also address the impact of model parameters on the solution characteristics. We observe that our results may help to resolve some physical problems in the actual world by determining the motion of a single wave in a tiny region. Finally, the outcomes show how simple and effective this method is at producing rich, accurate solutions to nonlinear models in mathematical physics as well as complex nonlinear wave structures.
Une révolution presque sereine : la déségrégation des écoles à Washington en 1954
Authors: Gilli Ludivine
Published: January 2025

L’arrêt de la Cour suprême Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka du 17 mai 1954, qui interdit la ségrégation dans les écoles publiques, est mal accueilli dans les États du Sud. Dans la capitale Washington DC, la conjugaison de plusieurs facteurs permet néanmoins une transition rapide et pacifiée d’un système dual, pourtant enraciné dans l’histoire, vers un système déségrégué. L’État fédéral, guidé par un président résolu, donne le ton en exigeant des autorités locales une action immédiate. Le système scolaire est alors grossièrement inégalitaire et la ségrégation y est devenue un obstacle manifeste au règlement de dysfonctionnements structurels. Les protestations des parents et de la société civile se succèdent sans relâche à partir de 1947, dans la rue et devant les tribunaux. Les militants locaux avaient obtenu la déségrégation des théâtres dès 1946, sans débordements majeurs, ce qui en dédramatise les effets et donne peu à peu un caractère inexorable à la déségrégation totale. Dans ce contexte propice, les organisations citoyennes et les autorités s’organisent à l’avance pour préparer la mise en œuvre de la déségrégation. Le résultat, à Washington, est une déségrégation scolaire sereine.
Le Conseil Métropolitain pour l’Opportunité Éducative (METCO) à Boston : intégration raciale et libéralisme de banlieue, 1966-1996
Authors: Harakat Sarah
Published: January 2025

Le présent article s’intéresse à l’histoire du plus vieux programme d’intégration volontaire des États-Unis, METCO. Fondé à Boston en 1966, ce programme organise le transport d’écoliers majoritairement africains-américains vers les écoles de banlieue à majorité blanche ayant souhaité leur attribuer leurs places vacantes. Si l’historiographie s’est intéressée à l’opposition blanche rencontrée par la plupart de ces stratégies de transport à des fins d’intégration raciale, l’histoire des banlieues ayant fait le choix du busing pour diversifier leurs écoles reste à écrire.La métropole de Boston offre en ce sens un cas d’étude précieux, puisqu’elle a été au même moment, durant les années 1970, le lieu de la révolte urbaine anti-busing la plus virulente des États-Unis, et celui de l’expansion du programme de busing volontaire METCO, désormais reconnu comme un modèle national d’intégration raciale. Loin d’opposer ces deux mouvements, notre article retrouve dans ces deux formes de busing (imposé ou volontaire, urbain ou périurbain) une tendance commune : l’évolution des idées conservatrices dans les États-Unis post-Brown v. Board of Education. En retraçant la genèse du programme, et notamment sa survie à la crise anti-busing des années 1970, cet article analyse son succès comme le résultat d’une obédience stricte aux règles du libéralisme de banlieue (Geismer) qui, derrière un discours d’apport mutuel, pense in fine le choix de l’intégration raciale comme un acte philanthropique.Cet article se fonde sur les archives du programme, les données quantitatives des recensements américains sur la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle, et l’historiographie portant sur la crise anti-busing à Boston, ainsi que des entretiens d’histoire orale menés avec d’anciens élèves des banlieues concernées par le programme.
“When the war is over […] we will all enlist again” (The Lice): W.S. Merwin P(r)o(ph)etic
Authors: Aji Hélène
Published: January 2025

This essay takes Kenneth White’s description of “a quiet apocalypse” as a starting point to read the complexities of W.S. Merwin’s poems in The Lice (1967). The poems are to be related to the context of the Vietnam war: the horrors perpetrated by the U.S. in Vietnam are legible in the tense and dark poems that protest against them, but they are never explicitly mentioned. Rather, what unfolds is a generic discourse on humankind’s irrepressible propensities to predation, violence and self-destruction. The poems delineate empty indeterminate agents that are intent on performing the dreadful acts that will lead them to a deadly future of extinction. In the wake of T.S. Eliot’s and William Carlos Williams’ opposed yet paradoxically converging visions of spring, W.S. Merwin revises the figure of the poet into the ominous prophet of a programmed apocalypse, delivering in his poems the cryptic messages of a suicidal community of the human.
« La deuxième communauté noire la plus prospère du pays » : l’espoir d’une vie en banlieue résidentielle à Atlanta pour les migrant·es africain·es-américain·es
Authors: Raulin Nicolas
Published: January 2025

À partir des années 1990, la banlieue est d’Atlanta, située dans le comté de DeKalb, est réputée la « deuxième communauté noire la plus prospère du pays » et attire des migrant·es africain·es-américain·es venu·es des quatre coins des États-Unis. Alors qu’un retournement migratoire est observable entre le Nord et le Sud du pays à partir des années 1970, Atlanta va devenir la nouvelle « Mecque Noire », concentrant la plus grande part de migrant·es venu·es d’autres régions du pays. Le présent article s’intéresse à l’émergence de la réputation d’Atlanta en tant que nouvelle terre promise pour les résident·es noir·es en soulignant le rôle de la presse et des migrant·es elleux-mêmes dans l’élaboration d’un récit vantant les promesses de la vie dans la capitale géorgienne. Nous nous intéressons aussi aux actions locales nécessaires au développement de cette oasis pour la classe moyenne noire : initiatives privées et mobilisations collectives sont centrales dans la constitution de ce refuge pour les résident·es noir·es aisé·es. Nous considérons enfin ce que ces mobilisations disent de la reconfiguration des mobilisations contre les inégalités raciales dans le Sud post-mouvement des droits civiques : elles donnent à voir l’idéologie d’une classe moyenne noire faisant du marché et de la responsabilité individuelle les pierres angulaires de leurs stratégies d’émancipation.