bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revised History and New Identity in East Europe
Authors: Kuljić Todor , Bužarovska Rumena
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Todor Kuljić | Тодор Куљиќ

Title (English): Revised History and New Identity in East Europe

Title (Macedonian): Ревидирана историја и нов идентитет во Источна Европа

Translated by (English to Macedonian): Rumena Bužarovska | Румена Бужаровска

Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 4, No. 1-2 (Summer - Winter 2005)

Publisher: Research Center in Gender Studies - Skopje and Euro-Balkan Institute 

Page Range: 63-86

Page Count: 23

Citation (English): Todor Kuljić, “Revised History and New Identity in East Europe,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 4, No. 1-2 (Summer - Winter 2005): 63-86.

Citation (Macedonian): Тодор Куљиќ, „Ревидирана историја и нов идентитет во Источна Европа“, превод од англиски Румена Бужаровска, Идентитети: списание за политика, род и култура, т. 4, бр. 1-2 (лето - зима 2005): 63-86.
Кон Marcus Banks, Ethnicity: Anthropological Constructions
Authors: Badarevski Bobi , Ahmeti Lindita
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Bobi Badarevski | Боби Бадаревски

Title (Macedonian): Кон Marcus Banks, Ethnicity: Anthropological Constructions

Title (Albanian): Për Marcus Banks, Ethnicity: Anthropological Constructions

Translated by (Macedonian to Albanian): Lindita Ahmeti

Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 4, No. 1-2 (Summer - Winter 2005)

Publisher: Research Center in Gender Studies - Skopje and Euro-Balkan Institute

Page Range: 353-354

Page Count: 2

Citation (Macedonian): Боби Бадаревски, „Кон Marcus Banks, Ethnicity: Anthropological Constructions“, Идентитети: списание за политика, род и култура, т. 4, бр. 1-2 (лето - зима 2005): 353-354.

Citation (Albanian): Bobi Badarevski, „Për Marcus Banks, Ethnicity: Anthropological Constructions“, përkthim nga Maqedonishtja Lindita Ahmeti, Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 4, No. 1-2 (Summer - Winter 2005): 353-354.
Decentring Identity (Cultural, Political, Gender Identity in The Museum of Unconditional Surrender by Dubravka Ugrešić)
Authors: Anastasova Senka
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Senka Anastasova | Сенка Анастасова

Title (English): Decentring Identity (Cultural, Political, Gender Identity in The Museum of Unconditional Surrender by Dubravka Ugrešić)

Title (Macedonian): Децентрирање на идентитетот (културен, политички, родов идентитет во Музејот на безусловното предавање од Дубравка Угрешиќ)

Translated by (Macedonian to English): Senka Anastasova | Сенка Анастасова

Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 6, No. 2-3 (Summer 2007 - Winter 2008)

Publisher: Research Center in Gender Studies - Skopje and Euro-Balkan Institute 

Page Range: 295-314

Page Count: 20

Citation (English): Senka Anastasova, “Decentring Identity (Cultural, Political, Gender Identity in The Museum of Unconditional Surrender by Dubravka Ugrešić),” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 6, No. 2-3 (Summer 2007 - Winter 2008): 295-314.

Citation (Macedonian): Сенка Анастасова, „Децентрирање на идентитетот (културен, политички, родов идентитет во Музејот на безусловното предавање од Дубравка Угрешиќ)“, Идентитети: списание за политика, род и култура, т. 6, бр. 2-3 (лето 2007 - зима 2008): 295-314.
Тој мрачен објект на посакувањето. Кон David M. Halperin, What Do Gay Men Want? An Essay on Sex, Risk, and Subjectivity
Authors: Dimitrov Slavčo , Ahmeti Xhabir
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Slavčo Dimitrov | Славчо Димитров

Title (Macedonian): Тој мрачен објект на посакувањето. Кон David M. Halperin, What Do Gay Men Want? An Essay on Sex, Risk, and Subjectivity

Title (Albanian): Ai objekt i errët i dashjes. Për David M. Halperin, What Do Gay Men Want? An Essay on Sex, Risk, and Subjectivity

Translated by (Macedonian to Albanian): Xhabir Ahmeti

Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 6, No. 2-3 (Summer 2007 - Winter 2008)

Publisher: Research Center in Gender Studies - Skopje and Euro-Balkan Institute

Page Range: 345-365

Page Count: 20

Citation (Macedonian): Славчо Димитров, „Тој мрачен објект на посакувањето. Кон David M. Halperin, What Do Gay Men Want? An Essay on Sex, Risk, and Subjectivity“, Идентитети: списание за политика, род и култура, т. 6, бр. 2-3 (лето 2007 - зима 2008): 345-365.

Citation (Albanian): Slavčo Dimitrov, „Ai objekt i errët i dashjes. Për David M. Halperin, What Do Gay Men Want? An Essay on Sex, Risk, and Subjectivity“, përkthim nga Maqedonishtja Xhabir Ahmeti, Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 6, No. 2-3 (Summer 2007 - Winter 2008): 345-365.
Culture, Subjectivity and the Ethics of Patient-Centered Pain Care
Authors: Giordano James , Engebretson Joan C. , Benedikter Roland , Ruskovska Rodna
Published: November 2020

Author(s): James Giordano, Joan C. Engebretson and Roland Benedikter | Џејмс Џордано, Џоан С. Енгебретсон и Роланд Бенедиктер

Title (English): Culture, Subjectivity and the Ethics of Patient-Centered Pain Care

Title (Macedonian): Културата, субјективноста и етиката на пациентоцентричната нега на болката

Translated by (English to Macedonian): Rodna Ruskovska | Родна Русковска

Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 7, No. 1-2 (Summer 2008 - Winter 2009)

Publisher: Research Center in Gender Studies - Skopje and Euro-Balkan Institute 

Page Range: 9-32

Page Count: 23

Citation (English): James Giordano, Joan C. Engebretson and Roland Benedikter, “Culture, Subjectivity and the Ethics of Patient-Centered Pain Care,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 7, No. 1-2 (Summer 2008 - Winter 2009): 9-32.

Citation (Macedonian): Џејмс Џордано, Џоан С. Енгебретсон и Роланд Бенедиктер, „Културата, субјективноста и етиката на пациентоцентричната нега на болката“, превод од англиски Родна Русковска, Идентитети: списание за политика, род и култура, т. 7, бр. 1-2 (лето 2008 - зима 2009): 9-32.
Автобиогрфија на лудилото. Пример: Жерар де Нервал, Аурелија или соништата на животот
Authors: Mesec Polona , Dimkovska Lidija
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Polona Mesec | Полона Месец

Title (Macedonian): Автобиогрфија на лудилото. Пример: Жерар де Нервал, Аурелија или соништата на животот

Translated by (Slovenian to Macedonian): Lidija Dimkovska | Лидија Димковска

Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 7, No. 3 (Winter 2008)

Publisher: Research Center in Gender Studies - Skopje and Euro-Balkan Institute 

Page Range: 1-15 (80-95)

Page Count: 15

Citation (Macedonian): Полона Месец, „Автобиогрфија на лудилото. Пример: Жерар де Нервал, Аурелија или соништата на животот“, превод од словенечки Лидија Димковска, Идентитети: списание за политика, род и култура, т. 7, бр. 3 (зима 2008): 1-15 (80-95).
Of Parts and Politics: Onticology and Queer Politics
Authors: Bryant Levi R.
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Levi R. Bryant

Title (English): Of Parts and Politics: Onticology and Queer Politics

Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 8, No. 1 (Winter 2011)

Publisher: Research Center in Gender Studies - Skopje and Euro-Balkan Institute 

Page Range: 13-28

Page Count: 15

Citation (English): Levi R. Bryant, “Of Parts and Politics: Onticology and Queer Politics,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 8, No. 1 (Winter 2011): 13-28.
Sensation and Embodiments of Virtual: In Contact with the Real
Authors: Kosović Lamija
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Lamija Kosović

Title (English): Sensation and Embodiments of Virtual: In Contact with the Real

Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 8, No. 1 (Winter 2011)

Publisher: Research Center in Gender Studies - Skopje and Euro-Balkan Institute 

Page Range: 73-87

Page Count: 14

Citation (English): Lamija Kosović, “Sensation and Embodiments of Virtual: In Contact with the Real,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 8, No. 1 (Winter 2011): 73-87.
Towards John Protevi, Political Affect: Connecting the Social and the Somatic
Authors: Stojanovski Igor
Published: November 2020

Author(s): Igor Stojanovski

Title (English): Towards John Protevi, Political Affect: Connecting the Social and the Somatic

Journal Reference: Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 8, No. 1 (Winter 2011)

Publisher: Research Center in Gender Studies - Skopje and Euro-Balkan Institute 

Page Range: 149-151

Page Count: 3

Citation (English): Igor Stojanovski, “Towards John Protevi, Political Affect: Connecting the Social and the Somatic,” Identities: Journal for Politics, Gender and Culture, Vol. 8, No. 1 (Winter 2011): 149-151.
Social Impact Assessment in the Cooperative Extension System: Revitalizing the Community Capitals Framework in Measurement and Approach
Authors: Borron Abigail , Lamm Kevan , Darbisi Carolina , Randall Nekeisha
Published: November 2020

Measuring program impact is continually placed in the forefront of discussions, efforts, and reporting when it comes to outreach and engagement efforts related to Cooperative Extension. However, the diversity of programs represented through program areas, as well as the complexities of local infrastructures present ongoing challenges to effectively addressing needs in community development and vitality. One of the greater hurdles in these efforts is addressing areas of social impact. This article argues for a deliberate attempt to parse out efforts that address social impact, while looking for ways to bring such impact full circle with existing efforts in economic impact. This article answers the following questions: (1) How is program impact defined as it relates to the land-grant university? and (2) How is social impact defined, and what are the common approaches to examining/measuring social impact? Based on this review of the literature, we describe and justify a proposed model approach for overall community diagnostics, directly supporting social impact assessment efforts. Such a proposed model would then have the capacity to lead to two very distinct and applicable outcomes that ultimately lead to measuring and examining program impact. The first is an immediate snapshot of a given community for diagnostic purposes; and the second would create a framework by which longitudinal data could be collected, which can then demonstrate changes and shifts over time. Such data can then provide a more holistic approach to program planning, development, and overall evaluation. Keywords: community development; Extension; needs assessment; program evaluation; social impact
Total column ozone in New Zealand and in the UK in the 1950s
Authors: Brönnimann Stefan , Nichol Sylvia
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Total column ozone measurements reach back almost a century. Historical
column ozone data are important not only for obtaining a long-term perspective of changes
of the ozone layer but arguably also as diagnostics of lower-stratospheric
or tropopause-level flow in time periods of sparse upper-air observations.
With the exception of a few high-quality records such as that from Arosa,
Switzerland, ozone science has almost exclusively focused on data since the
International Geophysical Year (IGY) in 1957–1958, although earlier series exist.
In the early 2000s, we digitised and re-evaluated many pre-IGY series.
Here we add a series from Wellington, New Zealand, from 1951 to 1959. We
re-evaluated the data from the original observation sheets and performed
quality control analysis, and here we present the data. The day-to-day variability
can be used to assess the quality of reanalysis products, since the data
cover a region and time period with only few upper-air data. Comparison with
total column ozone in the reanalyses ERA-PreSAT (which assimilates upper-air
data) and 20CRv3 and CERA-20C (which do not assimilate upper-air data) shows
high correlations with all three. Although trend quality is doubtful (no
calibration information and no intercomparisons are available), combining
the record with other available data (including historical data from
Australian locations) allows a 70-year perspective of ozone changes over the
southern mid-latitudes. The series will be available from the World Ozone and
Ultraviolet Data Centre. Finally, we also present a short series from
Downham Market, UK, covering November 1950 to October 1951, and publish it
with further historical data series that were previously described but not
published.
Quantifying the emission changes and associated air quality impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic on the North China Plain: a response modeling study
Authors: Xing Jia , Li Siwei , Jiang Yueqi , Wang Shuxiao , Ding Dian , Dong Zhaoxin , Zhu Yun , Hao Jiming
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Quantification of emission changes is a prerequisite for the assessment of
control effectiveness in improving air quality. However, the traditional
bottom-up method for characterizing emissions requires detailed
investigation of emissions data (e.g., activity and other emission
parameters) that usually takes months to perform and limits timely
assessments. Here we propose a novel method to address this issue by using a
response model that provides real-time estimation of emission changes based
on air quality observations in combination with emission-concentration
response functions derived from chemical transport modeling. We applied the
new method to quantify the emission changes on the North China Plain (NCP)
due to the COVID-19 pandemic shutdown, which overlapped the Spring Festival (also known as Chinese New Year)
holiday. Results suggest that the anthropogenic emissions of NO2,
SO2, volatile organic compound (VOC) and primary PM2.5 on the NCP were reduced by 51 %, 28 %,
67 % and 63 %, respectively, due to the COVID-19 shutdown, indicating
longer and stronger shutdown effects in 2020 compared to the previous Spring
Festival holiday. The reductions of VOC and primary PM2.5 emissions are
generally effective in reducing O3 and PM2.5 concentrations.
However, such air quality improvements are largely offset by reductions in
NOx emissions. NOx emission reductions lead to increases in
O3 and PM2.5 concentrations on the NCP due to the strongly VOC-limited
conditions in winter. A strong NH3-rich condition is also suggested
from the air quality response to the substantial NOx emission
reduction. Well-designed control strategies are recommended based on the air
quality response associated with the unexpected emission changes during the
COVID-19 period. In addition, our results demonstrate that the new
response-based inversion model can well capture emission changes based on
variations in ambient concentrations and thereby illustrate the great
potential for improving the accuracy and efficiency of bottom-up emission
inventory methods.
On-farm beef cattle methane emissions measured with tracer-ratio and inverse-dispersion modelling techniques
Authors: Bai Mei , Velazco José I. , Coates Trevor W. , Phillips Frances A. , Flesch Thomas K. , Hill Julian , Mayer David G. , Tomkins Nigel W. , Hegarty Roger S. , Chen Deli
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The development and validation of management practices to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from livestock requires accurate emission measurements. This study assessed the accuracy of a practical inverse dispersion (IDM) micrometeorological technique to quantify methane (CH4) emitted from a small cattle herd (16 animals) confined to a 63 × 60 m pen. The IDM technique calculates emissions from the increase in CH4 concentration measured downwind of the animals. Two types of open-path (OP) gas sensors were used to measure concentration in the IDM calculation: a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (IDM-FTIR) or a CH4 Laser (IDM-Laser). The actual cattle emission rate was given by a tracer-ratio technique using nitrous oxide as the tracer gas. We found very good agreement between the two IDM emission estimates (316 and 322 g CH4 head−1 d−1 for the IDM-FTIR and IDM-Laser, respectively) and the tracer-ratio measurements (315 g CH4 head−1 d−1). This study shows that a practical IDM measurement approach can provide an accurate method of estimating cattle emissions.
Soil profile connectivity can impact microbial substrate use, affecting how soil CO2 effluxes are controlled by temperature
Authors: Podrebarac Frances A. , Billings Sharon A. , Edwards Kate A. , Laganière Jérôme , Norwood Matthew J. , Ziegler Susan E.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Determining controls on the temperature sensitivity of heterotrophic soil respiration remains critical to incorporating soil-climate feedbacks into climate models. Most information on soil respiratory responses to temperature come from laboratory incubations of isolated soils, and typically subsamples of individual horizons. Inconsistencies between field and laboratory results may be explained by labile C or N priming supported by cross-horizon exchange – an indirect effect of quantifying microbial temperature response within intact soil profiles. Here we assess the role of soil horizon connectivity, by which we mean the degree to which horizons remain layered and associated with each another as they are in situ, on microbial C and N substrate use and its relationship to the temperature sensitivity of respiration. We accomplished this by exploring changes in C : N, soil organic matter composition (via amino acid composition and concentration, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy), and the δ13C of respiratory CO2 during incubations of organic horizons collected across boreal forests in different climate regions where soil C and N composition differ. The experiments consisted of two treatments: soil incubated (1) with each organic horizon separately, and (2) as a whole organic profile, permitting cross-horizon exchange of substrates during the incubation. The soils were incubated at 5 °C and 15 °C for over 430 days. Enhanced microbial use of labile C-rich, but not N-rich, substrates were responsible for enhanced, whole-horizon respiratory responses to temperature relative to individual soil horizons. This impact of a labile C priming mechanism was most emergent in soils from the warmer region, consistent with these soils' lower C bioreactivity relative to soils from the colder region. Specifically, cross-horizon exchange within whole soil profiles prompted increases in mineralization of carbohydrates and more 13C-enriched substrates and increased soil respiratory responses to warming relative to soil horizons incubated in isolation. These findings highlight that soil horizon connectivity can impact microbial substrate use in ways that affect how soil effluxes of CO2 are controlled by temperature. The degree to which this mechanism exerts itself in other soils remains unknown, but these results highlight the importance of understanding mechanisms that operate in intact soil profiles – only rarely studied – in regulating a key soil-climate feedback.
Assessing Climate Change Impacts on Live Fuel Moisture and Wildfire Risk
Using a Hydrodynamic Vegetation Model
Authors: Ma Wu , Zhai Lu , Pivovaroff Alexandria , Shuman Jacquelyn , Buotte Polly , Ding Junyan , Christoffersen Bradley , Moritz Max , Koven Charles D. , Kueppers Lara , Xu Chonggang
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Live fuel moisture content (LFMC) plays a critical role in wildfire dynamics, but little is known about responses of LFMC to multivariate climate change, e.g., warming temperature, CO2 fertilization and altered precipitation patterns, leading to a limited prediction ability of future wildfire risks. Here, we use a hydrodynamic vegetation model to estimate LFMC dynamics of chaparral shrubs, a dominant vegetation type in fire-prone southern California. We parameterize the model based on observed shrub allometry and hydraulic traits, and evaluate the model's accuracy through comparisons between simulated and observed LFMC of three plant functional types (PFTs) under current climate conditions. Moreover, we estimate the number of days per year of LFMC below 79 % (which is a critical threshold for wildfire danger rating) from 1950 to 2099 for each PFT, and compare the number of days below the threshold for medium and high greenhouse gas emission scenarios (RCP4.5 and 8.5). We find that climate change could lead to more days per year (5.5–15.2 % increase) with LFMC below 79 % from historical period 1950–1999 to future period 2075–2099, and therefore cause an increase in wildlife danger for chaparral shrubs in southern California. Under the high greenhouse gas emission scenario during the dry season, we find that the future LFMC reductions mainly result from a warming temperature, which leads to 9.5–19.1 % reduction in LFMC. Lower precipitation in the spring leads to a 6.6–8.3 % reduction in LFMC. The combined impacts of warming and precipitation change on fire season length are equal to the additive impacts of warming and precipitation change individually. Our results show that the CO2 fertilization will mitigate fire risk by causing a 3.7–5.1 % increase in LFMC. Our results suggest that multivariate climate change could cause a significant net reduction in LFMC and thus exacerbate future wildfire danger in chaparral shrub systems.
A prequel to the Dantean Anomaly: the precipitation seesaw and droughts of 1302 to 1307 in Europe
Authors: Bauch Martin , Labbé Thomas , Engel Annabell , Seifert Patric
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The cold/wet anomaly of the 1310s (“Dantean Anomaly”) has attracted a lot of attention from scholars, as it is commonly interpreted as a signal of the transition between the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) and the Little Ice Age (LIA). The huge variability that can be observed during this decade, like the high interannual variability observed in the 1340s, has been highlighted as a side effect of this rapid climatic transition. In this paper, we demonstrate that a multi-seasonal drought of almost 2 years occurred in the Mediterranean between 1302 and 1304, followed by a series of hot, dry summers north of the Alps from 1304 to 1306. We suggest that this outstanding dry anomaly, unique in the 13th and 14th centuries, together with cold anomalies of the 1310s and the 1340s, is part of the climatic shift from the MCA to the LIA. Our reconstruction of the predominant weather patterns of the first decade of the 14th century – based on both documentary and proxy data – identifies multiple European precipitation seesaw events between 1302 and 1307, with similarities to the seesaw conditions which prevailed over continental Europe in 2018. It can be debated to what extent the 1302–1307 period can be compared to what is currently discussed regarding the influence of the phenomenon of Arctic amplification on the increasing frequency of persistent stable weather patterns that have occurred since the late 1980s. Additionally, this paper deals with socioeconomic and cultural responses to drought risks in the Middle Ages as outlined in contemporary sources and provides evidence that there is a significant correlation between pronounced dry seasons and fires that devastated cities.
Weak Southern Hemispheric monsoons during the Last Interglacial
period
Authors: Yeung Nicholas K. H. , Menviel Laurie , Meissner Katrin J. , Taschetto Andréa S. , Ziehn Tilo , Chamberlain Matthew
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Due to different orbital configurations, high northern latitude boreal summer insolation was higher during the Last Interglacial period (LIG; 129–116 thousand years before present, ka) than during the preindustrial period (PI), while high southern latitude austral summer insolation was lower. The climatic response to these changes is studied here with focus on the southern hemispheric monsoons, by performing an equilibrium experiment of the LIG at 127 ka with the Australian Earth System Model, ACCESS-ESM1.5, as part of the Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project 4 (PMIP4). In our simulation, mean surface air temperature increases by 6.5 °C over land during boreal summer between 40° N and 60° N in the LIG compared to PI, leading to a northward shift of the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and a strengthening of the North African and Indian monsoons. Despite 0.4 °C cooler conditions in austral summer in the Southern Hemisphere (0–90° S), annual mean air temperatures are 1.2 °C higher at southern mid-to-high latitudes (40° S–80° S). These differences in temperature are coincident with a large-scale reorganisation of the atmospheric circulation. The ITCZ shifts southward in the Atlantic and Indian sectors during the LIG austral summer compared to PI, leading to increased precipitation over the southern tropical oceans. However, the decline in Southern Hemisphere insolation during austral summer induces a significant cooling over land, which in turn weakens the land-sea temperature contrast, leading to an overall reduction (−20 %) in monsoonal precipitation over the Southern Hemisphere's continental regions. The intensity and areal extent of the Australian, South American and South African monsoons are consistently reduced. This is associated with greater pressure and subsidence over land due to a strengthening of the southern hemispheric Hadley cell during austral summer.
Technical note: On the reliability of laboratory beta-source
calibration for luminescence dating
Authors: Mauz Barbara , Martin Loïc , Discher Michael , Tribolo Chantal , Kreutzer Sebastian , Bahl Chiara , Lang Andreas , Mercier Nobert
Published: November 2020

Abstract. The dose rate of the 90Sr / 90Y beta source used in most luminescence readers is a laboratory key parameter. There is a well-established body of knowledge about parameters controlling accuracy and precision of the calibration value but some hard to explain inconsistencies still exist. Here we have investigated the impact of grain size, aliquot size and irradiation geometry on the resulting calibration value through experiments and simulations. The resulting data indicate that the dose rate of an individual beta source results from the interplay of a number of parameters, most of which are well established by previous studies. Our study provides evidence for an additionally complicating parameter which is aliquot size in particular for grain sizes of 50–200 μm. For this grain-size fraction the absorbed dose is enhanced by ~10–20 % as aliquot size decreases. This enhancement is most variable for 50–100 μm grains mounted as aliquots of
Multilayer cloud conditions in trade wind shallow cumulus – confronting two ICON model derivatives with airborne observations
Authors: Jacob Marek , Kollias Pavlos , Ament Felix , Schemann Vera , Crewell Susanne
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Airborne remote sensing observations over the tropical Atlantic Ocean upstream of Barbados are used to characterize trade wind shallow cumulus clouds and to benchmark two cloud-resolving ICON (ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic) model simulations at kilometer and hectometer scales.
The clouds were observed by an airborne nadir-pointing backscatter lidar, a cloud radar, and a microwave radiometer in the tropical dry winter season during daytime.
For the model benchmark, forward operators convert the model output into the observational space for considering instrument-specific cloud detection thresholds.
The forward simulations reveal the different detection limits of the lidar and radar observations, i.e., most clouds with cloud liquid water content greater than 10−7 kg kg−1 are detectable by the lidar, whereas the radar is primarily sensitive to the “rain” category hydrometeors in the models and can detect even low amounts of rain. The observations reveal two prominent modes of cumulus cloud top heights separating the clouds into two layers.
The lower mode relates to boundary layer convection with tops closely above the lifting condensation level, which is at about 700 m above sea level.
The upper mode is driven by shallow moist convection, also contains shallow stratiform outflow anvils, and is closely related to the trade inversion at about 2.3 km above sea level.
The two cumulus modes are sensed differently by the lidar and the radar observations and under different liquid water path (LWP) conditions.
The storm-resolving model (SRM) at a kilometer scale barely reproduces the cloud modes and shows most cloud tops being slightly above the observed lower mode.
The large-eddy model (LEM) at hectometer scale reproduces better the observed cloudiness distribution with a clear bimodal separation.
We hypothesize that slight differences in the autoconversion parameterizations could have caused the different cloud development in the models.
Neither model seems to account for in-cloud drizzle particles that do not precipitate down to the surface but generate a stronger radar signal even in scenes with low LWP.
Our findings suggest that even if the SRM is a step forward for better cloud representation in climate research, the LEM can better reproduce the observed shallow cumulus convection and should therefore in principle better represent cloud radiative effects and water cycle.
Extracting microphysical fault friction parameters from laboratory and field injection experiments
Authors: van den Ende Martijn P. A. , Scuderi Marco M. , Cappa Frédéric , Ampuero Jean-Paul
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Human subsurface activities induce significant hazard by (re-)activating slip on faults, which are
ubiquitous in geological reservoirs. Laboratory and field (decametric-scale) fluid injection
experiments provide insights into the response of faults subjected to fluid pressure
perturbations, but assessing the long-term stability of fault slip remains challenging. Numerical
models offer means to investigate a range of fluid injection scenarios and fault zone
complexities and require frictional parameters (and their uncertainties) constrained by
experiments as an input. In this contribution, we propose a robust approach to extract relevant
microphysical parameters that govern the deformation behaviour of laboratory samples. We apply
this Bayesian approach to the fluid injection experiment of Cappa et al. (2019) and examine the
uncertainties and trade-offs between parameters. We then continue to analyse the field injection
experiment reported by Cappa et al. (2019), from which we conclude that the fault-normal
displacement is much larger than expected from the adopted microphysical model (the
Chen–Niemeijer–Spiers model), indicating that fault structure and poro-elastic effects
dominate the observed signal. This demonstrates the importance of using a microphysical model with
physically meaningful constitutive parameters, as it clearly delineates scenarios where additional
mechanisms need to be considered.
Dawn and Dusk of Late Cretaceous Basin Inversion in Central Europe
Authors: Voigt Thomas , Kley Jonas , Voigt Silke
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Central Europe was affected by a compressional tectonic event in the Late Cretaceous, caused by the convergence of Iberia and Europe. Basement uplifts, inverted graben structures and newly formed marginal troughs are the main expressions of crustal shortening. Although the maximum activity occurred in a short period between 90 and 75 Ma, the exact timing of this event is still unclear. Dating of start and end of basin inversion is very different depending on the applied method. On the basis of borehole data, facies and thickness maps, the timing of basin re-organisation was reconstructed for several basins in Central Europe. The obtained data point to a synchronous start of basin inversion already at 95 Ma (Cenomanian), 5 Million years earlier than commonly assumed. The end of the Late Cretaceous compressional event is more difficult to pinpoint, because regional uplift and salt migration disturb the signal of shifting marginal troughs. Unconformities of Late Campanian to Paleogene age on inverted structures indicate slowly declining uplift rates.
Long-term surface energy balance of the western Greenland Ice Sheet and the role of large-scale circulation variability
Authors: Huai Baojuan , van den Broeke Michiel R. , Reijmer Carleen H.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. We present the surface energy balance (SEB) of the western Greenland
Ice Sheet (GrIS) using an energy balance model forced with hourly
observations from nine automatic weather stations (AWSs) along two transects:
the Kangerlussuaq (K) transect with seven AWSs in the southwest and the Thule (T) transect with two
AWSs in the northwest. Modeled and observed surface temperatures for
non-melting conditions agree well with RMSEs of 1.1–1.6 K, while reasonable
agreement is found between modeled and observed 10 d cumulative ice melt.
Absorbed shortwave radiation (Snet) is the main energy source for
melting (M), followed by the sensible heat flux (Qh). The multiyear
average seasonal cycle of SEB components shows that Snet and M peak in
July at all AWSs. The turbulent fluxes of sensible (Qh) and latent heat
(Ql) decrease significantly with elevation, and the latter becomes
negative at higher elevations, partly offsetting Qh. Average June,
July and August (JJA) albedo values are <0.6 for stations below 1000 m a.s.l. and >0.7 for the higher stations. The near-surface climate
variables and surface energy fluxes from reanalysis products ERA-Interim,
ERA5 and the regional climate model RACMO2.3 were compared to the AWS
values. The newer ERA5 product only significantly improves ERA-Interim
for albedo. The regional model RACMO2.3, which has higher resolution (5.5 km) and a dedicated snow/ice module, unsurprisingly outperforms the
reanalyses for (near-)surface climate variables, but the reanalyses are
indispensable in detecting dependencies of west Greenland climate and melt on
large-scale circulation variability. We correlate ERA5 with the AWS data to
show a significant positive correlation of western GrIS summer surface
temperature and melt with the Greenland Blocking Index (GBI) and weaker and
opposite correlations with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). This
analysis may further help to explain melting patterns on the western GrIS
from the perspective of circulation anomalies.
Assessment of ICESat-2 ice surface elevations over the CHINARE
route, East Antarctica, based on coordinated multi-sensor
observations
Authors: Li Rongxing , Li Hongwei , Hao Tong , Qiao Gang , Cui Haotian , He Youquan , Hai Gang , Xie Huan , Cheng Yuan , Li Bofeng
Published: November 2020

Abstract. This paper presents the results of the assessment of ICESat-2 ice surface elevations along the CHINARE (CHINese Antarctic Research Expedition) route in East Antarctica. The validation campaign was designed and implemented in cooperation with the 36th CHINARE Antarctic expedition from December 2019 to February 2020. The assessment of the ICESat-2 ATL03 and ATL06 data was performed based on coordinated multi-sensor observations using two roof-mounted kinematic GNSS receivers, two line arrays of corner cube retroreflectors (CCRs), two sets of retroreflective target sheets (RTSs), and two unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with cameras. This systematic validation of the ICESat-2 data covered a variety of Antarctic ice surface conditions along the 520 km traverse from the coastal Zhongshan Station to the inland Taishan Station. This comprehensive investigation is complementary to the 750 km traverse validation of flat inland Antarctica containing a 300 km latitude traverse of 88° S by the mission team in a previous study. Overall, the validation results show that the elevation of the ATL06 ice surface points is accurate to 1.1 cm with a precision of 9.7 cm along the 520 km CHINARE route. The elevation of the ATL03 photons has an offset of 2.4 cm from a GNSS-surveyed CCR, and is accurate to 2.5 cm with a precision of 2.7 cm as estimated by using RTSs. The validation results demonstrate that the estimated ICESat-2 elevations are accurate to 1.1–2.5 cm in this East Antarctic region, which is important for overcoming the uncertainties in the estimation of mass balance in East Antarctica. The developed validation methodology and sensor system can be improved for continuous assessment of ICESat-2 data, especially during the later operation period.
Skewing angle magnet and coil reduced starting torque in a
permanent magnet synchronous generator for a small vertical axis
wind turbine
Authors: Pongwan Priwan , Chalermnayanont Kusumal , Trongtorkarn Mintra , Jina Suppachai , Luengchavanon Montri
Published: November 2020

Abstract. This work investigated the effects of changing the skewing angle of a magnet coil on starting torque in a permanent magnet generator (PMSG) fitted in a low speed vertical wind turbine. The optimal skew angle of the magnet-coil was found to be 15–0 (degrees), generating 1.22 (N-m) starting torque and 295.40 (W) compared with a skew angle of 0–0 (degrees). This skew angle reduced starting torque and power by 5.43 % and 1.96 %, respectively. A Savonius and H-Darrieus stacked turbine blade operated at a wind speed of 1.90 m/s and 1.31 N-m torque. This blade was used in a fully operational vertical wind turbine, was connected to the PMSG that can cut-in speed of 2.1 m/s. It was concluded that a 15–0 (degree) skewing angle magnet-coil can be applied to a low speed vertical wind turbine.
A Model to Calculate Fatigue Damage Caused by Partial Waking
during Wind Farm Optimization
Authors: Stanley Andrew P. J. , King Jennifer , Bay Christopher , Ning Andrew
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Wind turbines in wind farms often operate in waked or partially waked conditions, which can greatly increase the fatigue damage. Some fatigue considerations may be included, but currently a full fidelity analysis of the increased damage a turbine experiences in a wind farm is not considered in wind farm layout optimization because existing models are too computationally expensive. In this paper, we present a model to calculate fatigue damage caused by partial waking on a wind turbine that is computationally efficient and can be included in wind farm layout optimization. The model relies on analytic velocity, turbulence, and loads models commonly used in farm research and design, and captures some of the effects of turbulence on the fatigue loading. Compared to high-fidelity simulation data, our model accurately predicts the damage trends of various waking conditions. We also perform example wind farm layout optimizations with our presented model in which we maximize the annual energy production (AEP) of a wind farm while constraining the damage of the turbines in the farm. The results of our optimization show that the turbine damage can be significantly reduced, more than 10 %, with only a small sacrifice of around 0.07 % to the AEP, or the damage can be reduced by 20 % with an AEP sacrifice of 0.6 %.
Literacy and Awakening: The Awakening of 1804/1805 in Hopedale, Labrador
Authors: Rollmann Hans J.
Published: November 2020

This exploration of literacy and awakening draws attention to the fact that the learning of hymns and the translation of the Passion narrative of the Gospels were instrumental in the acceptance of the Moravian faith among the Labrador Inuit. Literacy, made possible through systematic schooling since 1780, was thus an important factor in the awakening of 1804/5 in Hopedale and contributed to the indigenization of Christianity in the eighteenth-century Moravian settlements of Nain, Okak, and Hopedale. During the awakening a significant shift occurred in the religious self-understanding of the Labrador Inuit when people moved from a relatively superficial understanding of Christianity as a remedy for personal lapses and violations to an existential understanding of the drama of sin and salvation as well as a deeper identification with the religious community. The study also points out the fact that communication through written epistles between Labrador and Greenland may have established a wider religious bond of solidarity between Greenland and Labrador Inuit and encouraged the Hopedale Inuit during their awakening.
Positional analysis of Brazilian soccer players using GPS data
Authors: Gasparini Randal , Álvaro Alexandre
Published: November 2020

The professional soccer is always changing and is constantly searching tools and data to help the decision-making,providing tactics and techniques to the team. In Brazil, this sport goes to same way and the investments areconsiderable. The One Sports is a company that capture GPS data from professional soccer players of someBrazilian teams. This set of data has a lot of features and the One Sports asked if was possible to predict the idealposition of a player. Then, was firmed a cooperation between a academic study and a commercial company. Thiswork find to understand a propose methods and techniques to predict the ideal position of the soccer player, usingmachine learning algorithms. The database has more of one million of tuples. It was submitted to preprocessingstep, what is fundamental, because generated new features, removed incomplete and noisy data, generated anew balanced dataset and delete outliers, preparing the data to execution of the algorithms k-NN, decision trees,logistic regression, SVM and neural networks. With the purpose to understand the performance and accuracy,some scenarios were tested. There was poor results when executed multiclass problems. The best results comefrom binary problems. The models k-NN and SVM, specifically to this study, had the best accuracy. It is importantto note that SVM spent more than six hours to finish your execution, and k-NN used less than one and halfminute to end.
PINFI – Ferramenta para classificação de imagens com redes neurais artificiais e lógica fuzzy
Authors: Süptitz Ivan Luís , Frozza Rejane , Molz Rolf Fredi
Published: November 2020

Este artigo apresenta uma ferramenta de modelagem para classificação de imagens utilizando redes neuraisartificiais (RNA) e lógica difusa (fuzzy), desenvolvida com foco no cenário industrial. O projeto desta ferramenta iniciou com um levantamento prévio de ferramentas de modelagem de RNA e neuro-fuzzy e de uma pesquisa do tipo survey na qual se identificou que as indústrias de uma determinada região desconhecem ou não sabem como aplicar estas tecnologias em seus processos. A partir disso, foi desenvolvida a ferramenta denominada Processador de Imagens Neuro-Fuzzy para a Indústria (PINFI) com base nas demandas do survey e integrando bibliotecas de software de código aberto pesquisadas no levantamento bibliográfico. Esta ferramenta permite a modelagem de projetos em cinco etapas: Aquisição das imagens; pré-processamento; bloco de fuzzificação; modelagem da RNA; e a apresentação dos resultados (saída). O PINFI foi validado em termos de ergonomia e usabilidade de software atendendo a 91% dos requisitos avaliados. Quanto à acurácia do classificador, alcançou taxas de reconhecimento de 93% a 100% nas bases avaliadas. Estas bases compreenderam, imagens de folhas de tabaco, rodas de veículos e faces humanas, o que demonstra que o PINFI tem potencial para ser utilizado em demandas industriais e, também, em aplicações diversificadas.
Análise de desempenho de Rolling Updates do Kubernetes em ambientes de estresse
Authors: Vassoler Gabriel , Spohn Marco Aurélio
Published: November 2020

Este trabalho apresenta, via estudo de caso, uma análise de desempenho do Rolling Updates do Kubernetes em ambientes com diferentes tipos de estresse aplicados às máquinas do cluster. Foram propostos ambientes de testes, cenários possíveis e parâmetros a serem alterados para a coleta de dados. Após a exposição dos dados coletados, realizou-se uma análise dos resultados obtidos e uma discussão sobre o impacto que os tipos de estresse aplicados podem gerar na experiência do usuário no momento de uma atualização. Os resultados indicam que o mecanismo de atualização em sistemas em produção é factível e parametrizável de modo a minimizar os efeitos colaterais no desempenho do sistema.
Mesozoic Hydrothermal Overprint on Carboniferous Bauxite in China
Authors: Wang Ruixue , Wang Qingfei , Tonguç Uysal I. , Ramanaidou Erick , Deng Jun , Todd Andrew , Verrall Michael , Liu Xuefei
Published: November 2020

Bauxite is the world’s main source of aluminum and typically consists of gibbsite, boehmite, and minor amounts of diaspore. However, bauxite deposits from the North and South China blocks consist mostly of diaspore and associated minerals, including anatase and illite. Much of this illite is authigenic and occurs as three polytypes (1M, 1Md, and 2M1), with Kübler indices ranging from 0.23 to 0.47 indicating precipitation temperatures of 175° to 300°C. The Raman spectra of anatase show an intensity ratio of <1.5 for G (~1,600 cm–1) and D bands (~1,350 cm–1) diagnostic of organic matter, suggesting its presence during bauxite sedimentation followed by heating (165° to 270°C). The K-Ar ages of authigenic illite from the South China block (178–137 Ma) and the North China block (214–203 Ma) are synchronous with known regional Mesozoic tectono-thermal events generating hydrothermal overprints resulting in (1) the formation of illite, (2) the conversion of some diaspores from thermal of gibbsite and boehmite, and (3) the heating of anatase postsedimentation of the Carboniferous bauxites.
Levels of Urgency for Orthopaedic Procedures: Reliability and Adoption of a Consensus-driven Classification
Authors: Cheng Edward Y. , Matson David M. , Morgenstern Kyle D. , Agel Julie , Hoogervorst Paul
Published: November 2020

Introduction:

The current COVID-19 disease pandemic has delayed nonurgent orthopaedic procedures to adequately care for those affected by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, resulting in a backlog in orthopaedic surgical care. As the capacity for orthopaedic surgeries expands or contracts, allocation of limited resources in a manner that adequately reflects medical necessity and urgency is paramount. An orthopaedic surgery-specific prioritization schema with proven reliability is lacking. The primary aim of this study was to assess the reliability of a newly developed prioritization list used for the phased reinstatement of orthopaedic surgical procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic and afterward. The secondary aim was to report its implementation.

Methods:

A consensus-based, orthopaedic surgery-specific, tiered prioritization list reflecting various levels of urgency was created by a committee of orthopaedic surgeons covering all subspecialties and representing academic, multispecialty, and private community practices. Reliability was tested for 63 randomized cases representing all orthopaedic subspecialties. Four raters evaluated the cases independently at two separate time points, at least one week apart. Fleiss kappa was used to assess intrarater and interrater agreement. Implementation were assessed by surveying both surgeons and the surgery scheduling administrative personnel at each surgical facility within a large health system for any adoption issues.

Results:

Case distributions within tiers 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 35%, 14%, 27%, and 24%, respectively. Interrater agreement ranged from 0.63 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57 to 0.69) to 0.72 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.78) for the ratings. Intrarater reliability ranged from 0.62 to 1.0. The highest levels of agreement were in tiers 1, 4, and the subspecialties oncology and foot/ankle. The time from development to full scale adoption and implementation by all orthopaedic surgeons was rapid.

Discussion:

This tiered prioritization list for orthopaedic procedures is both adoptable and reliable during the phased reinstatement of procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic and afterward. Further refinements may enhance utility.

Levels of Evidence:

Reliability study: Level I (Evid Based Spine Care J 2014 October;5(2):166. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1394106).