bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Legacy and the Future of the Public Sphere
Authors: Trenz Hans-Jörg
Published: May 2024

This chapter traces the ideational dimensions of the public sphere. To validate the evolving form of public sphere criticism, and to find evidence for how it relates back to the utopia of a possible new beginning, I will systematically approach the notion of the modern public sphere and trace its transformation. This requires us, first, to engage with the key texts of Jürgen Habermas and to reconstruct the legacy of the European Enlightenment that formulated the linkage between publicity and reasoning. Secondly, I will identify the core normative dimensions of the public sphere and their interlinkage with democracy. Thirdly, I discuss degrees of erosion of democratic norms and public sphere principles. I investigate these accounts of democratic decay not as an empirical diagnosis but as a form of normative critique. As such, I am interested in what facilitates critique, who promotes it and what the cognitive prerequisites are for expressing critique in the form of specific knowledge about empirical facts and causalities. I call this a sociology of knowledge of public sphere critique.
Between Dystopia and Utopia: The Social and Political Field of Public Sphere Criticism
Authors: Trenz Hans-Jörg
Published: May 2024

This chapter turns to the dynamics of public sphere criticism as a field of political struggle in the digital age. The tense relationship between dystopian and utopian elements as a driving force of public sphere conflicts is traced along three lines: (1) the post-truth challenge in the truth orientation and rationality of public debate, (2) the privacy challenge in the balancing of private and public use of digital media content and platforms and (3) the populism challenge in the contested modes of empowerment of the will of the people. By raising this research agenda of the social and political fields of public sphere criticism, I depart from the narrow confines of media research and its emphasis on media effects to explore the full potential of public sphere research as a theoretical foundation of digital society and its rapid transformation. Instead of focusing on media audiences simply as receptacles of media content, I reintroduce the notion of the public, which is distinguished by critical reflection, and, as such, is norm-guided and reunited to a utopian vision of society and democracy.
Conclusion: Beyond Post-democracy
Authors: Trenz Hans-Jörg
Published: May 2024

The last chapter critically reassesses and ultimately rejects the notion of post-democracy. Mirrored through the critical eye of the public sphere, the world after disruption most likely takes shape as one of renewed democratic forms and practices. When facing the challenges of digitalization and transnationalization, the democratic public sphere will undergo profound transformations, but it will still be populated by critical citizens and progressive social movements. The notion of public sphere resilience is introduced precisely for this purpose, to refer to the everyday practices of critical citizens who might not heroically fight for the reclamation of democracy but will still work tirelessly towards reclaiming their rights, call for trustworthy information and seek alliances to challenge the power of states and industries.
Recognition and information transmission of multiplexed fractional orbital angular momentum
Authors: Tang Jihong , Yin Yaling , Zhou Jingwen , Xia Yong , Yin Jianping
Published: May 2024

We propose an improved hologram with both phase and amplitude modulation to generate superimposed fractional optical vortices (SFOVs). The modulation of the optical field’s amplitude and phase is achieved through the utilization of controllable diffraction efficiency of the transmission function. The resulting interference fringes of an SFOV with four orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes exhibit a distinctive double-petal-like structure, serving as a distinguishable feature for the beam’s topological charges. Accurate demodulation of the multiplexed OAM modes of 256-ary SFOV is achieved using a residual next neural network based on machine learning. To showcase its practical utility, we employ the coherent OAM multiplexing system to transmit a Newton portrait with 0.01% error rate. Furthermore, the system robustly identifies beams propagating through computer-simulated oceanic turbulence channels to aid in the development of underwater optical communication. These promising results demonstrate the potential to further expand the range of modes and enhance the information processing capabilities in optical communication.
Wideband spectrum compressive sensing utilizing photonic multi-coset sampling with dual low-rate optical pulses
Authors: Dai Wei , Yang Bo , Chi Hao , He Hongxia , Gao Yiran , Zhai Yanrong , Ou Jun , Yang Shuna
Published: May 2024

A wideband spectrum compressive sensing approach for sparse multiband signals utilizing photonic multi-coset sampling (MCS) is presented. The method employs dual low-rate optical pulses, initially modulated by separate pseudo-random binary sequences (PRBSs), which are then multiplexed to achieve the desired multi-coset pattern. It results in a substantial reduction of the rate requirements for both the sampling optical pulses and PRBSs, leading to a significant enhancement of system bandwidth. In simulations, an instantaneous system bandwidth of 21 GHz is achieved at a low mean sampling rate of 4.8 GS/s, employing two optical pulses with rates of 8.4 GHz and 6 GHz, respectively. The spectra of a mixed signal with six passbands are accurately identified, illustrating the capability of the scheme to recognize the spectra of various types of multiband signals. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the performance between our proposed scheme and traditional MCS techniques is conducted.
Hybrid amorphous strontium titanate and terahertz metasurface for ultra-sensitive temperature sensing
Authors: Liang LanJu , Liu Wei , Yan Xin , Zhang YongGang , Li ZhenHua , Yao HaiYun , Wang ZiQun , Hu XiaoFei , Li YuanPing , Wu GuiFang , Zhang Rui , Feng ZhenWei , Cao Xin , Ying KeHao
Published: May 2024

In this study, a hybrid amorphous strontium titanate (STO) and terahertz metasurface were studied. Because of the excellent physical properties of amorphous STO, such as its dielectric properties and high transmittance in the terahertz region, it plays a core role in realizing a novel terahertz (THz) temperature sensor with high performance in the temperature range of 500–608 K. A blue shift of the absorption peaks appeared for the THz wave as the temperature increased, which confirmed the temperature-sensing function. The physical mechanisms underlying this phenomenon were also investigated. After optimization, the best THz temperature sensor with a sensitivity of 2.08 GHz/K was obtained, in which the thickness of the amorphous strontium titanate film was approximately 0.36 µm. This study provides a new opportunity for amorphous STO materials to be applied in THz sensors and demonstrates the realization of amorphous STO-based THz temperature sensors with high performance, low cost, and simple processes.
Steering Synchronization Dynamics of Laterally Coupled Laser Array with Monolithically-Integrated External Cold Cavity
Authors: Qi Jun , Lan Tian , Ma Wanli , Zhang Jinghao , Li Ying , Lou Yiwen , Qin Fengjiao , Liu Yuying , Wang Zhiyong
Published: May 2024

This study explores the synchronization dynamics of a one-dimension edge-emitting laser array monolithically-integrated with an external cold cavity comprehensively, aiming to achieve an in-phase mode optical field. By employing the optical feedback rate equation, the impact of mutual feedback coefficient and coupling coefficient on the synchronization process are investigated thoroughly. The proposed external cold cavity, designed according to the Talbot effect, could significantly diminish the reflectivity of front facet through separated electrode structure, therefore facilitating the phase-locking process. Consequently, the study uncovers the effective regime for establishing in-phase mode operation. Additionally, the numerical analysis also reveals the vivid synchronization dynamic from chaotic state to partial locking, then fully-phase-locked, and ultimately periodic oscillation. Based on the simulation results, our works could offer valuable insights for steering the on-chip optical field and developing novel laser arrays with high beam quality.
The optical second-order sideband generation in a hybrid cavity optomechanical system assisted with a nitrogen-vacancy spin ensemble
Authors: liao qinghong , Xiong Jinle , Cheng Shaoping , Song Menglin , Deng Shaocong , Cao Ping
Published: May 2024

We theoretically study the optical second-order sideband (OSS) generation in a hybrid cavity optomechanical system, which consists of an optomechanical cavity trapping a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) spin ensemble and an auxiliary cavity. Compared with ordinary optomechanical system, the results show that the OSS generation is more obvious in both red probe-pump resonant detuning case and blue one when NV spin ensemble is coupled to the optomechanical cavity. Besides, the significant improvement of OSS efficiency can be realized by tuning the collective spin-cavity coupling and the spin-pump detuning. By optimizing the collective spin-cavity coupling strength and the spin-pump detuning together, the efficiency of OSS can be higher than that of first-order sideband. Moreover, we demonstrate that the OSS efficiency can be modulated effectively by the decay rate of NV spin ensemble. Meantime, it is proved that the tunnelling strength between the optomechanical cavity and auxiliary cavity also plays a dispensable role on the OSS generation. Interestingly, in the red probe-pump resonant case, the OSS efficiency undergoes a process of first deceasing and then increasing as the tunnelling strength increases. These results provide some guidance for enhancing OSS efficiency and controlling light propagation, which facilitates the practicable applications in optical communication and storage.
Convolutional Neural Network Classification of Beam Profiles from Silicon Photonics Gratings
Authors: Lim Yu Dian , Tan Chuan Seng
Published: May 2024

Convolutional neural network (CNN) models consist of CNN block(s) and dense neural network (DNN) block(s) are used to perform image classification on beam profiles in light beam coupled out from silicon photonics (SiPh) mixed pitch gratings. The beam profiles are first simulated and segregated into 3 categories based on their corresponding height above the SiPh gratings. With 1 CNN block, 1 DNN block, and 128 nodes in the DNN block, classification accuracy of 98.68% is achieved when classifying 454 beam profile images to their corresponding categories. Expanding the number of CNN blocks, DNN blocks, and the number of nodes, 64 CNN models are constructed, trained, and evaluated. Out of the 64 CNN models, 52 of them achieved classification accuracy of >95%.
Optimizing AVR system performance via a novel cascaded RPIDD2-FOPI controller and QWGBO approach
Authors: Ekinci Serdar , Snášel Václav , Rizk-Allah Rizk M. , Izci Davut , Salman Mohammad , Youssef Ahmed A. F.
Published: May 2024

Maintaining stable voltage levels is essential for power systems’ efficiency and reliability. Voltage fluctuations during load changes can lead to equipment damage and costly disruptions. Automatic voltage regulators (AVRs) are traditionally used to address this issue, regulating generator terminal voltage. Despite progress in control methodologies, challenges persist, including robustness and response time limitations. Therefore, this study introduces a novel approach to AVR control, aiming to enhance robustness and efficiency. A custom optimizer, the quadratic wavelet-enhanced gradient-based optimization (QWGBO) algorithm, is developed. QWGBO refines the gradient-based optimization (GBO) by introducing exploration and exploitation improvements. The algorithm integrates quadratic interpolation mutation and wavelet mutation strategy to enhance search efficiency. Extensive tests using benchmark functions demonstrate the QWGBO’s effectiveness in optimization. Comparative assessments against existing optimization algorithms and recent techniques confirm QWGBO’s superior performance. In AVR control, QWGBO is coupled with a cascaded real proportional-integral-derivative with second order derivative (RPIDD2) and fractional-order proportional-integral (FOPI) controller, aiming for precision, stability, and quick response. The algorithm’s performance is verified through rigorous simulations, emphasizing its effectiveness in optimizing complex engineering problems. Comparative analyses highlight QWGBO’s superiority over existing algorithms, positioning it as a promising solution for optimizing power system control and contributing to the advancement of robust and efficient power systems.
The relationship between teachers’ disciplinary practices and school bullying and students’ satisfaction with school: The moderated mediation effects of sex and school belonging
Authors: Kovacevic Lepojevic Marina , Trajkovic Marija , Mijatovic Luka , Popovic-Citic Branislava , Bukvic Lidija , Kovacevic Milica , Parausic Marinkovic Ana , Radulovic Mladen
Published: May 2024

An authoritative school climate, along with greater teacher support and warm relations among peers are frequently connected with less school bullying. The main aim of this paper is to examine the direct link as perceived by students between teachers’ disciplinary practices and bullying in school and students’ satisfaction with school. The indirect relationships are explored via the mediation of school belonging and the moderation of sex. High school students (N = 860, 40.4% male students) completed the Delaware School Climate Survey, the Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale, and the Psychological Sense of School Membership Scale at a single time point. In general, teachers’ disciplinary practices have significant direct effects on perceptions of bullying and satisfaction with school. Positive disciplinary (direct effect = .28, SE = .04) and SEL techniques (direct effect = .22, SE = .04) are related to bullying only among males, while punitive techniques are directly linked to school bullying unrelated to sex (b = .03, SE = .05). Similarly, the effect of positive disciplinary (direct effect = .27, SE = .08) and SEL (direct effect = .21, SE = .08) techniques on satisfaction with school was significant only among males. A direct relationship between punitive disciplinary techniques and satisfaction with school was not recognized. The mediation analysis revealed the indirect effects of teachers’ disciplinary practices on the dependent variables via school belonging to be stronger among females. Teachers’ negative modeling through punitive disciplinary practices leads to more bullying. School belonging may serve as a protective factor related to the negative impact of teachers’ disciplinary practices on school bullying as well as satisfaction with school, especially among females. Interventions should be focused on fostering school belonging along with the development of positive sex-specific disciplinary practices.
Internal thread defect detection system based on multi-vision
Authors: Dou Xiaohan , Xue Chengqi , Zhang Gengpei , Jiang Zhihao
Published: May 2024

In the realm of industrial inspection, the precise assessment of internal thread quality is crucial for ensuring mechanical integrity and safety. However, challenges such as limited internal space, inadequate lighting, and complex geometry significantly hinder high-precision inspection. In this study, we propose an innovative automated internal thread detection scheme based on machine vision, aimed at addressing the time-consuming and inefficient issues of traditional manual inspection methods. Compared with other existing technologies, this research significantly improves the speed of internal thread image acquisition through the optimization of lighting and image capturing devices. To effectively tackle the challenge of image stitching for complex thread textures, an internal thread image stitching technique based on a cylindrical model is proposed, generating a full-view thread image. The use of the YOLOv8 model for precise defect localization in threads enhances the accuracy and efficiency of detection. This system provides an efficient and intuitive artificial intelligence solution for detecting surface defects on geometric bodies in confined spaces.
Acculturation strategies and adaptation outcomes of international retired migrants in Portugal
Authors: Vauclair Christin-Melanie , Dahab Deborah
Published: May 2024

International Retired Migration (IRM) is a growing phenomenon worldwide, including in Portugal. However, there has been no psychological research to date that examines the association between acculturation strategies and adaptation outcomes among this specific group of migrants. It is unclear whether they exhibit similar patterns compared to other migrant groups. This article investigates the acculturation strategies adopted by 131 international retirees currently living in Portugal, as well as their psychological and sociocultural adaptation outcomes and their perceptions of prejudice due to their advanced age and foreigner status. We expected that some of the assumptions from the acculturation literature might not hold true, given the unique characteristics of this group, including their age and lifestyle changes associated with retirement. Confirming our hypothesis, the study found that integration was the strategy associated with the highest levels of psychological and sociocultural adaptation. However, contrary to our expectations regarding the specificities of this population, separation was the strategy linked to the lowest levels of psychological and sociocultural adaptation. Furthermore, the marginalization strategy did not lead to the worst adaptation outcomes, as the literature often suggests for similar populations.
Aspectos organizacionais da prática docente em Educação Física nas escolas Icoenses no início da década de 1990
Authors: Lima Paulo Rogério de , Nóbrega-Therrien Silvia Maria
Published: May 2024

O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender os aspectos organizacionais da prática docente de Educação Física em escolas icoenses, no início da década de 1990. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa, com aproximação da perspectiva historiográfica da história de tempo presente, utilizando-se da história oral híbrida. As fontes documentais escritas utilizadas foram as diretrizes educacionais dos anos iniciais da década de 1990 e as fontes orais foram provindas dos relatos de um professor e três professoras que lecionaram a referida disciplina nessa época, no Colégio Senhor do Bonfim e na Escola Ana Vieira Pinheiro, em Icó (CE), Brasil. As principais constatações foram que havia oferta da prática da Educação Física tanto no turno em que o aluno estava regularmente matriculado, quanto no contraturno, sendo que as turmas eram formadas de maneira mista e por seriação, embora, no momento da prática ocorresse a separação da turma por sexo para realização das atividades.
ensino de ciências numa perspectiva zoocrítica
Authors: Sarmento Elisângela Campos Damasceno , Moura Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de
Published: May 2024

A ciência e a literatura não são antagônicas. Partindo dessa premissa, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar, sob o método da Análise do Discurso de Linha Francesa e da perspectiva Zoocrítica, as relações entre o homem, o animal e o ambiente, mediadas pelas obras Vidas Secas, de Graciliano Ramos, e O Quinze, de Rachel de Queiroz, com vistas a uma sinalização das imbricações entre o ensino de Ciências e a Literatura. Como principais resultados, aponta-se que os discursos dos personagens (humanos e não humanos) demonstram a animalidade do humano e a senciência do animal não humano (“cachorra Baleia”), que apresenta sentimentos e emoções, evocados literariamente, revelando uma significativa articulação entre Ciência e Literatura. Portanto, a Zoocrítica é uma área inter e transdisciplinar que se lança no universo de interpretações integradas da realidade, emergindo, assim, uma compreensão mais complexa e profunda das relações ser humano-animais-ambiente.
Exploring law enforcement officers’ expectations and attitudes about communication robots in police work
Authors: Fan Xiaoti , Salehzadeh Roya , Korivand Soroush , Bordbar Fareed , Cousin Christian , Griffin Darrin J. , Jalili Nader
Published: May 2024

This study explores the perspectives of law enforcement officers (LEOs) on the implementation of communication robots in police work. Through two approaches - open-ended questionnaires (N = 37) and focus group discussions (N = 14) - the research aims to gather LEOs' opinions and attitudes on the potential future use of these robots. The findings reveal a general skepticism among LEOs, who express low trust in communication robots. Despite this, a majority acknowledge that robots could enhance communication effectiveness in policing. The study highlights the need for increased public education and enhanced performance accuracy of robots to address LEOs' concerns and foster greater acceptance of this technology in law enforcement.
Factors influencing farmer adoption of climate-smart agriculture technologies: Evidence from Malaysia
Authors: Aziz Mohd Amar , Ayob Noor Hadzlida , Ayob Nor Azira , Ahmad Yarina , Abdulsomad Kamaruddin
Published: May 2024

As technology advances, people become increasingly dependent on technological tools to increase their work efficiency and productivity. Farming methods in the agriculture sector are also undergoing a shift from conventional to technology-driven modern agriculture practices, primarily because of their benefits and potential to mitigate the effects of climate change. However, the adoption rate of climate-smart agriculture technologies (CSAT) is considered to be very slow. Thus, this study was conducted to examine the factors that lead farmers to adopt CSAT in their agricultural practices. A sample of 185 farmers was used to investigate the main influencing factors in four contexts. The developed model was analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling method. The results of this study suggest that institutions play a critical role as a contextual factor that leads individuals and societies to engage with CSAT, builds confidence, and convinces farmers to adopt these technologies.
Unveiling the nexus of technology acceptance in healthcare: Empirical exploration of the multifaceted drivers
Authors: Rudawska Iga , Krot Katarzyna , Porada-Rochoń Małgorzata
Published: May 2024

In the rapidly evolving landscape of healthcare, the integration of cutting-edge technologies has become pivotal for enhancing patient care, optimizing operational efficiency, and driving overall advancements in the field. However, the successful adoption of these technologies hinges upon the acceptance and utilization by healthcare stakeholders, particularly patients. Unraveling the complexities of technology acceptance in the healthcare domain necessitates a nuanced understanding of the underlying factors that shape individuals' attitudes and behaviors towards technology. This paper aims to provide a holistic understanding of the support factors that influence health technology acceptance. To explore these drivers (variables), 5 study hypotheses were made using the PSL-SEM model based on a developed questionnaire. The obtained results suggest that systemic support for the development of ICT in healthcare has a stronger positive impact on patients' intention to use ICT than professional support. On the other hand systemic support does not affect patients’ self-efficacy unlike professional support.
Comparative analysis of hub and spoke seaport performance in Nigeria: Case of Apapa Port and Tin Can Island Port
Authors: Reuben Nwaogbe Obioma , Abdulhamid Habib , Omoke Victor , Eru John
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The primary aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the operational performance of two major seaports in Lagos, Nigeria – Apapa Port and Tin Can Island Port – using specific port performance indicators. Methodology: The study employs the Cobb-Douglas production function and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method to analyse data sourced from the Nigeria Ports Authority's operational bulletin records. The analysis was conducted using E-view software version 10.0. Results: The findings indicate that cargo throughput, used as the dependent variable, has a strong positive linear relationship with ship traffic, berth occupancy, turnaround time, and the number of employees. The R2 value is 85.89% for Apapa Port and 98.79% for Tin Can Island Port, suggesting that Tin Can Island Port is more productive. Theoretical Contribution: This study contributes to the field of maritime transport and logistics by providing empirical evidence on the efficiency and productivity of Nigerian seaports. It highlights the importance of modern infrastructure and effective port operations in enhancing seaport performance. Practical Implications: The study recommends that the Nigerian government should focus on reducing port congestion, improving road conditions leading to the ports, and streamlining port documentation processes. These measures are essential for enhancing the operational efficiency of Nigerian seaports.
Comprehensive review of life cycle assessment methodologies for passenger vehicles
Authors: Szumska Emilia
Published: May 2024

Purpose: This paper aims to advance knowledge in the methodology of environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) for vehicles and to discern potential environmental and health burdens associated with combustion and electric vehicles. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using the Scopus database, with a focus on papers published between 2005 and November 2023. The search was refined to include only English-language publications investigating passenger vehicles, resulting in a final corpus of 75 studies. Results: The review revealed that LCA conclusions for automotive vehicles can vary widely depending on the specific study's scope, methodology, and goals. Many studies emphasize the need for a holistic approach considering various drive technologies, production aspects, and local geographical conditions. Theoretical contribution: This paper contributes to the field of environmental science and sustainability by synthesizing the current state of knowledge on the environmental impact of vehicles across their entire life cycle. The findings highlight the importance of a nuanced and comprehensive approach to understanding and mitigating the environmental externalities of transportation. Practical implications: The insights from this review can inform policymakers, manufacturers, and consumers in their decisions regarding sustainable transportation solutions. By understanding the key areas of concern and improvement opportunities across the entire life cycle of vehicles, stakeholders can work towards a more environmentally responsible and sustainable transportation system.
Factors influencing customer selection of omni-channel supermarket retailing: An empirical study in Sri Lanka
Authors: Maheepala Hiruni Poornima , Jayawardena Achini Ann Malinthi , Jayarathna D.G.N.D.
Published: May 2024

Purpose: This study aims to identify the factors affecting and impacting the Omni channel selection of customers in supermarket retailing, addressing a research gap in this area. Methodology: The researcher conducted an empirical study using a questionnaire distributed among 384 supermarket customers. Factor and regression analyses were performed to determine the influential factors. Results: The study found that risk management, experience and expected performance, security aspects, and customer compatibilities have individual effects on customer Omni channel selection. Additionally, recommendations were made to enhance the value of existing or future Omni channel supply chains. Theoretical contribution: This research contributes to the understanding of customer behavior in Omni-channel supermarket retailing, particularly in the context of a developing country like Sri Lanka. The findings can inform both academic and practical discussions on supply chain management and e-commerce. Practical implications: The study's recommendations can guide supermarket retailers in improving their Omni-channel strategies, ultimately enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty. This, in turn, can positively impact the retail industry and the broader economy of Sri Lanka.
An attempt to determine the impact of the implementation of autonomous vehicles on a larger scale on the planning of city transport systems
Authors: Razavi Nikoo , Sierpinski Grzegorz
Published: May 2024

Purpose: This paper aims to explore the potential impact of autonomous vehicles (AVs) on urban planning, sustainable urban development, and tourism. Methodology: The paper is a conceptual study that reviews and synthesizes existing literature on AVs, urban planning, and tourism. It also uses case studies to illustrate the potential effects of AVs. Results: The widespread adoption of AVs is likely to have significant implications for urban planning, including changes in land use, infrastructure design, and transportation patterns. AVs may also contribute to sustainable urban development by reducing traffic congestion and air pollution. In the tourism sector, AVs could lead to spatial changes, new social inequalities, and changes in the overnight visitor economy. Theoretical contribution: The paper contributes to the understanding of the complex interplay between AVs, urban planning, and tourism. It highlights the need for urban planners and tourism stakeholders to consider the potential impact of AVs in their decision-making processes. Practical implications: The paper provides practical insights for urban planners, tourism stakeholders, and policymakers on how to prepare for and adapt to the widespread use of AVs. It also emphasizes the importance of considering the potential benefits and challenges of AVs in the context of specific cities and tourism destinations.
Effect on performance, serum biochemistry and haematological components of feeding “japanese quails” phytogenic feed additions comprising Megaphrynium macrostachyum leaves
Authors: Alagbe John Olujimi
Published: May 2024

This experiment was carried out to examine the effect on performance, serum biochemistry and haematological components of feeding quails phytogenic feed additions comprising Megaphrynium macrostachyum leaves. A total of 400-1 day old “japanese quails” were randomly distributed into five treatments and each treatment had four replicates (20 birds per replicate) in a completely randomized design. Basal diets were adequate in all nutrients and quails in treatment 1 was fed basal diet with no antibiotics, treatment 2 was fed basal diet supplemented with neomycin at 0.2 g/kg-1 while treatment 3, 4 and 5 were fed basal diet supplemented with M. macrostachyum leaf meal (MML) at 2 g, 4 g and 6 g/kg-1 respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days, feed and fresh clean water were offered ad libitum. Experimental result showed that MML contained several phyto-constituents viz: tannins (318.62 mg/g-1), terpenoids (620.11 mg/g-1), flavonoids (1205.3 mg/g-1), steroids (51.79 mg/g-1), glycosides (42.55 mg/g1-), alkaloids (200.8 mg/g-1) and phenols (1402.4 mg/g-1). Average daily weight gain was higher (P < 0.05) in treatment 4 (3.00 g/bird-1) and 5 (3.02 g/bird-1) relative to the other treatments. Similarly, average daily feed intake and feed conversion ratio were higher (P < 0.05) in treatment 4 and 5, intermediate in treatment 2 and lowest in treatment 1 and 2. Mortality was recorded only among birds in treatment 1 (2.56%) and 2 (1.16%) (P < 0.05). Red blood cell, white blood cell, haemoglobin, pack cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, lymphocytes and heterophil values were influenced (P < 0.05) by the treatments except for monocyte count (P > 0.05). Total protein, Creatinine, alanine phosphatase, aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase were not significantly (P > 0.05) influenced by the diet. However, all values were within the established ranges for healthy quails. In conclusion, MML can be supplemented up to 6 g/kg-1 in the diet of quails without causing any deleterious effect on the health status and performance of birds.
Antisemitismus an Schulen. Perspektiven von Jüdinnen und Juden
Authors: Bernstein Julia
Published: May 2024

This article summarizes the main findings of a study on antisemitism in schools in Germany. The focus is on the experiences with and perspectives on antisemitism of Jews. In presenting experiences of antisemitism, different dimensions and manifestations of antisemitism are taken into account. On this basis, hostile attitudes and discriminatory actions and their justification are reconstructed. In particular, antisemitism rooting in deflecting guilt and Israel-related antisemitism appear in this context as a problem that emanates not only from students but sometimes also from teachers. As a result, a situation arises for those affected that is essentially characterized by the feeling of being left alone. Established patterns of perception and ways of dealing with antisemitism by non-Jewish teachers contribute to perpetuating the problem of anti-Semitism in schools. Finally, challenges for pedagogical approaches to antisemitism are identified.
Verschweigen – Relativieren – Verdecken. Antisemitismus und verletzendes Sprechen
Authors: Salzmann Sebastian
Published: May 2024

In many cases antisemitism is reduced to its visible aspects as they appear in images and/or speech. This article focusses on different forms of antisemitic violence transported through discourses on antisemitism. Against the background of the October 7th massacres and drawing upon findings of theoretical and empirical research, selected forms of violence as a result of hiding, trivializing and obscuring antisemitism are discussed as antisemitic violence in present times discussed as a form of antisemitic violence.
Die Korrekturfunktion von Bildungsmedien. Skizze einer Sensibilisierung für den antisemitismuskritischen Umgang mit Bildungsmedien für den Religionsunterricht
Authors: Dihle Ariane
Published: May 2024

The article discusses criteria for better educational resources on the critique of antisemitism in religious education. The thesis is formulated that religious education has a corrective and broadening function with respect to perceptions of everyday experiences. Considering examples from school textbooks, the article argues for educational resources that take seriously both everyday experiences of antisemitism and the critiques of antisemitism in religious education.
Drivers of annual suspended sediment and nutrient yields in tributaries to Lake Erie
Authors: Johnson L. T. , Manning N. , Dezse J. , Boehler J. , Clark E. , Fulton T. , Miller N. , Roerdink A.
Published: May 2024

In the early 2000s, harmful algal blooms and hypoxia returned to Lake Erie following a period of ecosystem recovery from the late 1980s through the 1990s. This corresponds to a drastic increase in dissolved reactive phosphorus loads and flow-weighted mean concentrations in the major tributaries to the Western Lake Erie Basin. However, there is substantial variability in suspended sediment and nutrient yields across Lake Erie tributaries. It is well known that agricultural and urban land uses lead to increased watershed sediment and nutrient yields, especially in the absence of proper management practices. Yet attributes such as watershed soil types and slope can also affect yields. We examined the influence of watershed land use, hydrology, soil type, and slope on annual nutrient and sediment yields from tributaries to Lake Erie monitored as part of the Heidelberg Tributary Loading Program. A minimum of one sample and, during storm runoff, up to three samples a day are analyzed for all major nutrients and suspended sediments. The 5-year average annual yields across these watersheds exhibited distinct geographic patterns from west to east, with high suspended sediment but lower nutrient yields from the eastern most tributaries (Cuyahoga, Old Woman Creek, Huron) and the lowest sediment along with lower nutrient yields from the western most tributaries (Raisin, Tiffin, Lost). The Maumee, Portage, Sandusky, along with select subwatersheds tended to have intermediate sediment yields with high nutrient yields. Altogether, the % cultivated crops and poorly drained soil in the watershed increased nutrient yields whereas a higher % slope and lower % pasture increased sediment yields. These patterns highlighted unique regional differences that can help guide management decisions for these watersheds that ultimately would improve the health of Lake Erie.
Western Lake Erie Quagga Mussel growth estimates and evidence of barriers to local population growth
Authors: Elgin Ashley K. , Glyshaw Paul W. , Carter Glenn S.
Published: May 2024

Invasive Quagga Mussels (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) and Zebra Mussels (D. polymorpha) have been present in the Great Lakes for almost four decades and have caused substantial economic and environmental impacts. Factors that influence dreissenid mussel growth and population dynamics warrant more study, particularly for Quagga Mussels. We conducted a five-month field experiment in western Lake Erie to measure multiple growth metrics for Quagga Mussels at two sites with different conditions using mussels contained in cages on instrumented moorings. We also quantified dreissenid mussels that colonized into the cages and surveyed dreissenid mussels in the sediments at each site. By multiple measures of growth except for one, growth rates were similar between the two sites despite different chlorophyll a and turbidity levels as well as notable differences in the density and size distribution of mussels found in the sediments at these sites. The growth rates were approximately 0.03 mm d-1 for 12-mm Quagga Mussels and these rates declined with increasing initial shell length. Specific growth rate did not differ between shell and tissue measures or between sites, but both shell and tissue specific growth rates were much higher for smaller mussels. Site WE2, which is closer to Maumee River, had very few dreissenid mussels present in the sediments surrounding the mooring despite having a potential for growth comparable to that at WE4. The high level of colonization on the mooring at WE2 indicated that conditions at the sediment surface inhibit mussel settlement; adjacent benthic surveys indicated that very few mussels survive beyond the juvenile stage. Ultimately, the results from this study provide useful mussel growth parameters and indicate substrate or other limitations for dreissenid mussel populations in western Lake Erie.
4 Oldenburg - eine oder meine Stadt?
Authors: Glaue Ria Marleen
Published: May 2024

Ria Marleen Glaue widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der umfassenden Neugestaltung der Dauerausstellung im Stadtmuseum Oldenburg, welche die aktive Beteiligung der Stadtgemeinschaft und die Konzentration auf die Darstellung von Stadtgeschichte, Kultur und Kunst in den Mittelpunkt rückt. Sie beleuchtet, wie das Museum durch das Leitmotiv der Bedeutungsproduktion einen dialogorientierten, partizipativen und gesellschaftlich engagierten Ansatz verfolgt, um ein kritisches Stadtgeschichtsbewusstsein zu fördern und Besucher*innen zur Reflexion ihrer Rolle in der zukünftigen Stadtgestaltung anzuregen.
5 Was würden Jessica und Eugen dazu sagen?
Authors: Mergen Simone , Smidt Thorsten , Ünveren-Schuppe Julia
Published: May 2024

Der Beitrag gibt einen Einblick in die Arbeit an einer vollständigen Neugestaltung der Dauerausstellung im Haus der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Zu den Zielen der Überarbeitung gehören die Entwicklung neuen Publikums, die Bindung des Stammpublikums, Einbindung neuer Forschungsinhalte sowie eine Modernisierung der gestalterischen und didaktischen Ausstellungssprache. Projektbegleitend finden umfangreiche Maßnahmen der Publikumsforschung statt, darunter eine Sinus-Milieu-Zuweisung, eine Allensbach-Studie und als Werkzeug für das Ausstellungsteam die Entwicklung von Personas.
9 Die Ausstellung als komplexes Wirkungsgefüge verstehen
Authors: Fackler Guido , Schorr Carla-Marinka
Published: May 2024

Guido Fackler und Carla-Marinka Schorr stellen in ihrem Beitrag eine neue Methode der Ausstellungsanalyse vor, die sowohl für eine gesamte Ausstellung als auch für einzelne Ausstellungselemente (z.B. Medien) oder übergeordnete Fragestellungen (z.B. Inklusion) herangezogen werden kann.
10 Alter Inhalt in neuer Form?
Authors: Blümm Anke
Published: May 2024

In diesem Aufsatz rekonstruiert Anke Blümm die Bauhaus-Ausstellung 1938 im Museum of Modern Art in New York, analysiert das Verhältnis von Ausstellungsobjekten und Texten und bewertet die historische Schau im Kontext aktueller kuratorischer Überlegungen. Sie erörtert die These, dass die wenig ausgeprägte Vermittlungsebene dazu führte, dass die Ausstellung im amerikanischen Kontext nicht gut aufgenommen wurde.
12 Fighting for Recovery
Authors: Masana Lina
Published: May 2024

Locked-in Syndrome (LIS) is a rare medical condition with poor prognosis that challenges the notion of recovery for health professionals and for persons that suffer from it and their close relatives. Persons with LIS cannot move (quadriplegia) or speak (anarthria), but they are conscious, cognitively able, can see and hear, and keep bodily sensations. From the onset of the condition and over time, the experience of LIS and its recovery is defined by what I named the certain uncertainty of LIS: very few persons will recover completely whilst other will not at all; in between, different degrees of recovery will vary largely from case to case. This chapter, based on ethnographic material from postdoctoral research on the lived experience of persons with LIS aims to shed light on the paradox of the certain uncertainty of LIS.
Stiftungen der Gesellschaft
Authors: Goeke Pascal , Moser Evelyn , Bahrami Ramin , Burgold Julia , Mölders Marc , Selivanova Galina
Published: May 2024

Gemeinnützige Stiftungen operieren im 21. Jahrhundert gesellschaftsweit und begegnen ihren Umwelten mit sehr ambitionierten Wirkungsansprüchen. Auf den Wegen zu ihren Zielen sind sie an ihre Eigenschaften als Organisation gebunden und mit der Komplexität einer funktional differenzierten Weltgesellschaft konfrontiert. Zur wissenschaftlichen Analyse dieser Einrichtungen eignen sich daher besonders organisations- und gesellschaftstheoretische Ansätze. Die Autor*innen nehmen diesen doppelten Zugriff auf und leisten eine systematisch-soziologische Einordnung von Stiftungen und ihren Strukturen - Einsichten, die auch für Praktiker*innen aus dem Stiftungswesen höchst relevant sind.
Die neuen Themen Klima und Krieg: Die AfD als Krisenprofiteur der Zeitenwende
Authors: Weisskircher Manès
Published: May 2024

Dieser Beitrag zeichnet nach, wie die Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) die Folgen des russischen Kriegs gegen die Ukraine, mitsamt Inflation und Versorgungsunsicherheiten im Bereich der Energie, mit ihrer langfristigen Mobilisierung gegen klimapolitische Maßnahmen verbinden konnte. Die Parteispitze kritisierte hier nicht nur die Waffenlieferungen an die Ukraine und die Sanktionen gegen Russland, sondern auch die deutsche Energiepolitik und das Tempo der Energiewende - und wurde in diesem Kontext einmal mehr zum Krisenprofiteur. Das Beispiel zeigt, dass Rechtsaußen-Parteien effektiv zu neuen Themen mobilisieren können, ohne sie explizit mit Migration in Verbindung zu bringen.
Wie der Staat digitalen Fortschritt vorantreiben kann
Authors: Demary Vera
Published: May 2024

Vera Demary beschäftigt sich in diesem Beitrag mit der Frage, was die Aufgaben des Staates in der digitalen Transformation sind und wie der deutsche Staat diese bewältigt. Es wird klar, dass er in keiner der drei Rollen - Vorbereiter, Verbindungsstelle, Vorbild - überzeugt und seiner Verantwortung nicht gerecht wird. Das richtige Setzen von Rahmenbedingungen, besonders in Bezug auf digitale Infrastruktur und digitale Bildung, sowie die überfällige Verwaltungsdigitalisierung sind daher dringend notwendig.
Delors-Plan 2.0 - eine doppelte Ergänzung für die erfolgreiche Reform der EU
Authors: Lindner Johannes
Published: May 2024

Johannes Lindner ergänzt in diesem Beitrag die treffende Analyse des Kapitels von Melinda Fremerey und Simon Gerards in zweierlei Hinsicht: Erstens, eine rein funktionale Begründung für weitere Integrationsschritte reicht nicht aus, um diese auch politisch durchzusetzen. Je mehr politische Entscheidungen in der EU distributive Konsequenzen haben und die nationale Souveränität stark berühren, desto stärker werden Mitspracherechte und politische Identität wichtige Kategorien, die über die Bereitschaft zu mehr europäischer Integration entscheiden. Zweitens, der programmatische Bezug auf Jacques Delors bietet noch mehr (als was die Autoren herausstellen). Delors kann als Vorbild hilfreich sein, um zu zeigen, wie entsprechende Integrationsschritte politisch vorbereitet werden können. Dies ist gerade heute wieder hoch aktuell.
Die Zukunft des Westens in der Deglobalisierung - Gestaltungspotenziale trotz Abhängigkeit?
Authors: Hüther Michael
Published: May 2024

Michael Hüther widmet sich in diesem Beitrag der Frage, welche Lehren aus der geopolitischen Eskalation der jüngsten Zeit hinsichtlich Abhängigkeiten und Resilienz zu ziehen sind. Seit der Zuspitzung des Systemkonflikts zwischen China und dem transatlantischen Westen zeigt sich die Globalisierung zunehmend erschöpft. Handelshemmnisse, Industriepolitik sowie die Rufe nach einem Decoupling von der chinesischen Wirtschaft bestimmen das internationale Wirtschaften. Mit dem Angriffskrieg Russlands in der Ukraine hat diese Deglobalisierung einen vorläufigen Höhepunkt erreicht. Am lebenden Objekt lässt sich seither der Rückzug einer ganzen Volkswirtschaft aus den westlichen Lieferketten beobachten. Welche Konsequenz hat dies für das deutsche Geschäftsmodell? Und welche Handlungsoptionen verbleiben in der Außenwirtschaftspolitik?
Feldforschung auf dem Sofa
Authors: Klocke Vera
Published: May 2024

Wie beeinflussen die verschiedenen Geräte, die zum Fernsehen genutzt werden, unseren Alltag und unser Gefühl von Zuhause? Ausgehend von teilnehmenden Beobachtungen in Berliner Wohnräumen analysiert Vera Klocke, wie Fernsehen »heute geht«. Ihre literarischen Portraits konzentrieren sich auf die konkreten Abläufe der jeweiligen Medienhaushalte und zeigen, dass in einer Situation des technologischen Medienumbruchs menschliche und nicht-menschliche Akteure an der fortwährenden Stabilisierung grundlegend instabiler Netzwerke arbeiten.
Perspectivas y discursos acerca de la diversidad e inclusión en la comunidad universitaria
Authors: Naranjo-Crespo María
Published: May 2024

Las líneas de investigación sobre diversidad e inclusión han incrementado de forma notoria en los últimos años. Sin embargo, son escasos los estudios que integran la perspectiva de diferentes agentes y, más escasos aún, aquellos que se desarrollan dentro del marco epistemológico y metodológico de la Pedagogía Crítica. En este sentido, el objetivo de la investigación ha sido analizar las perspectivas y discursos personales e institucionales acerca de la diversidad e inclusión en la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid a partir de las voces de la comunidad universitaria dentro de tres líneas discursivas o paradigmas: integrador, inclusivo-canónico e inclusivo-transformador. En el estudio han participado 47 personas de diferentes grupos de la comunidad universitaria, utilizando como técnica de producción de datos la entrevista. Los resultados se obtienen coordinando un sistema de codificación abierta y axial y se presentan siguiendo tres códigos: concepto de diversidad, actitudes hacia la inclusión y concepto institucional de diversidad e inclusión. Las conclusiones permiten identificar la permanencia de un modelo hegemónico de naturaleza bancaria, a pesar de que sí ha habido una evolución positiva en las perspectivas y discursos acerca de la diversidad e inclusión.