bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Secondary Neoplasms After Hematopoietic Cell Transplant for Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Eapen Mary , Brazauskas Ruta , Williams David A. , Walters Mark C. , St Martin Andrew , Jacobs Benjamin L. , Antin Joseph H. , Bona Kira , Chaudhury Sonali , Coleman-Cowger Victoria H. , DiFronzo Nancy L. , Esrick Erica B. , Field Joshua J. , Fitzhugh Courtney D. , Kanter Julie , Kapoor Neena , Kohn Donald B. , Krishnamurti Lakshmanan , London Wendy B. , Pulsipher Michael A. , Talib Sohel , Thompson Alexis A. , Waller Edmund K. , Wun Ted , Horowitz Mary M.
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE

To report the incidence and risk factors for secondary neoplasm after transplantation for sickle cell disease.

METHODS

Included are 1,096 transplants for sickle cell disease between 1991 and 2016. There were 22 secondary neoplasms. Types included leukemia/myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS; n = 15) and solid tumor (n = 7). Fine-Gray regression models examined for risk factors for leukemia/MDS and any secondary neoplasm.

RESULTS

The 10-year incidence of leukemia/MDS was 1.7% (95% CI, 0.90 to 2.9) and of any secondary neoplasm was 2.4% (95% CI, 1.4 to 3.8). After adjusting for other risk factors, risks for leukemia/MDS (hazard ratio, 22.69; 95% CI, 4.34 to 118.66; P = .0002) or any secondary neoplasm (hazard ratio, 7.78; 95% CI, 2.20 to 27.53; P = .0015) were higher with low-intensity (nonmyeloablative) regimens compared with more intense regimens. All low-intensity regimens included total-body irradiation (TBI 300 or 400 cGy with alemtuzumab, TBI 300 or 400 cGy with cyclophosphamide, TBI 200, 300, or 400 cGy with cyclophosphamide and fludarabine, or TBI 200 cGy with fludarabine). None of the patients receiving myeloablative and only 23% of those receiving reduced-intensity regimens received TBI.

CONCLUSION

Low-intensity regimens rely on tolerance induction and establishment of mixed-donor chimerism. Persistence of host cells exposed to low-dose radiation triggering myeloid malignancy is one plausible etiology. Pre-existing myeloid mutations and prior inflammation may also contribute but could not be studied using our data source. Choosing conditioning regimens likely to result in full-donor chimerism may in part mitigate the higher risk for leukemia/MDS.
Idecabtagene Vicleucel for Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Real-World Experience From the Myeloma CAR T Consortium
Authors: Hansen Doris K. , Sidana Surbhi , Peres Lauren C. , Colin Leitzinger Christelle , Shune Leyla , Shrewsbury Alexandria , Gonzalez Rebecca , Sborov Douglas W. , Wagner Charlotte , Dima Danai , Hashmi Hamza , Kocoglu Mehmet H. , Atrash Shebli , Simmons Gary , Kalariya Nilesh , Ferreri Christopher , Afrough Aimaz , Kansagra Ankit , Voorhees Peter , Baz Rachid , Khouri Jack , Alsina Melissa , McGuirk Joseph , Locke Frederick L. , Patel Krina K.
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE

Idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) is an autologous B-cell maturation antigen–directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy approved for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) on the basis of the phase II pivotal KarMMa trial, which demonstrated best overall and ≥ complete response rates of 73% and 33%, respectively. We report clinical outcomes with standard-of-care (SOC) ide-cel under the commercial Food and Drug Administration label.

METHODS

Data were retrospectively collected from patients with RRMM who underwent leukapheresis as of February 28, 2022, at 11 US institutions with intent to receive SOC ide-cel. Toxicities were graded per American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy guidelines and managed according to each institution's policies. Responses were graded on the basis of the International Myeloma Working Group response criteria.

RESULTS

One hundred fifty-nine of 196 leukapheresed patients received ide-cel by data cutoff. One hundred twenty (75%) infused patients would have been ineligible for participation in the KarMMa clinical trial because of comorbidities at the time of leukapheresis. Any grade and grade ≥ 3 cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity occurred in 82/3% and 18/6%, respectively. Best overall and ≥ complete response rates were 84% and 42%, respectively. At a median follow-up of 6.1 months from chimeric antigen receptor T infusion, the median progression-free survival was 8.5 months (95% CI, 6.5 to not reached) and the median overall survival was 12.5 months (95% CI, 11.3 to not reached). Patients with previous exposure to B-cell maturation antigen–targeted therapy, high-risk cytogenetics, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥ 2 at lymphodepletion, and younger age had inferior progression-free survival on multivariable analysis.

CONCLUSION

The safety and efficacy of ide-cel in patients with RRMM in the SOC setting were comparable with those in the phase II pivotal KarMMa trial despite most patients (75%) not meeting trial eligibility criteria.
Cosmetic Results and Side Effects of Accelerated Partial-Breast Irradiation Versus Whole-Breast Irradiation for Low-Risk Invasive Carcinoma of the Breast: The Randomized Phase III IRMA Trial
Authors: Meduri Bruno , Baldissera Antonella , Iotti Cinzia , Scheijmans Luc J.E.E. , Stam Marcel R. , Parisi Salvatore , Boersma Liesbeth J. , Ammendolia Ilario , Koiter Eveline , Valli Mariacarla , Scandolaro Luciano , Busz Dianne , Stenfert Kroese Marika C. , Ciabatti Selena , Giacobazzi Patrizia , Ruggieri Maria P. , Engelen Antoine , Munafò Tindara , Westenberg A. Helen , Verhoeven Karolien , Vicini Roberto , D'Amico Roberto , Lohr Frank , Bertoni Filippo , Poortmans Philip , Frezza Giovanni P.
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE

The results in terms of side effects vary among the published accelerated partial-breast irradiation (APBI) studies. Here, we report the 5-year results for cosmetic outcomes and toxicity of the IRMA trial.

METHODS

We ran this randomized phase III trial in 35 centers. Women with stage I-IIA breast cancer treated with breast-conserving surgery, age ≥ 49 years, were randomly assigned 1:1 to receive either whole-breast irradiation (WBI) or external beam radiation therapy APBI (38.5 Gy/10 fraction twice daily). Patients and investigators were not masked to treatment allocation. The primary end point was ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence. We hereby present the analysis of the secondary outcomes, cosmesis, and normal tissue toxicity. All side effects were graded with the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group/European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Radiation Morbidity Scoring Schema. Analysis was performed with both intention-to-treat and as-treated approaches.

RESULTS

Between March 2007 and March 2019, 3,309 patients were randomly assigned to 1,657 WBI and 1,652 APBI; 3,225 patients comprised the intention-to-treat population (1,623 WBI and 1,602 APBI). At a median follow-up of 5.6 (interquartile range, 4.0-8.4) years, adverse cosmesis in the APBI patients was higher than that in the WBI patients at 3 years (12.7% v 9.2%; P = .009) and at 5 years (14% v 9.8%; P = .012). Late soft tissue toxicity (grade ≥ 3: 2.8% APBI v 1% WBI, P < .0001) and late bone toxicity (grade ≥ 3: 1.1% APBI v 0% WBI, P < .0001) were significantly higher in the APBI arm. There were no significant differences in late skin and lung toxicities.

CONCLUSION

External beam radiation therapy-APBI with a twice-daily IRMA schedule was associated with increased rates of late moderate soft tissue and bone toxicities, with a slight decrease in patient-reported cosmetic outcomes at 5 years when compared with WBI, although overall toxicity was in an acceptable range.
Localized heterochrony integrates overgrowth potential of oncogenic clones
Authors: Blum Nicola , Harris Matthew P.
Published: January 2023

Somatic mutations occur frequently and can arise during embryogenesis, resulting in the formation of a patchwork of mutant clones. Such mosaicism has been implicated in a broad range of developmental anomalies; however, their etiology is poorly understood. Patients carrying a common somatic oncogenic mutation in either PIK3CA or AKT1 can present with disproportionally large digits or limbs. How mutant clones, carrying an oncogenic mutation that often drives unchecked proliferation, can lead to controlled and coordinated overgrowth is unknown. We use zebrafish to explore the growth dynamics of oncogenic clones during development. Here, in a subset of clones, we observed a local increase in proportion of the fin skeleton closely resembling overgrowth phenotypes in patients. We unravel the cellular and developmental mechanisms of these overgrowths, and pinpoint the cell type and timing of clonal expansion. Coordinated overgrowth is associated with rapid clone expansion during early pre-chondrogenic phase of bone development, inducing a heterochronic shift that drives the change in bone size. Our study details how development integrates and translates growth potential of oncogenic clones, thereby shaping the phenotypic consequences of somatic mutations.
Cross-species characterization in the reproduction of Spodoptera sunia (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Real-Baca C. I. , Zuniga-Gonzalez C. A.
Published: January 2023

Background: The research focused on evaluating the biological and reproductive parameters of the species Spodoptera sunia with the introduction of field genetic material, in the Noctuid Insect Breeding Laboratory.

Methods: The study was pre-experimental using three treatments with 30 individuals and three repetitions. The individuals were collected from the field, transferred to the laboratory under semi-controlled conditions of temperature and humidity, later they were quarantined for up to three generations for the assembly of the test where the crossing was carried out. In the measurement of the biological and reproductive parameters.

Results: The results of the treatments showed that the biological and reproductive parameters in relation to the number of pupae were T2 34 males and 26 females, T3 was 33 males, and 27 females, T1 obtained 27 males and 33 females. The average weight in female T1 was 0.2112 mg and T2 was 0.2401 mg. The number of eggs in T1 in nine days oviposited 196 egg masses, in T2 in seven days 59 egg masses were oviposited, and in T3 160 egg masses were oviposited. In the length parameter in mm T3 obtained 30 mm in larval development, T1 and T2 obtained 27 mm. Finally, in the development stages, the number of days was for T1 and T2, 24 days and for T3 18 days. In the adult stages T1 and T2 it was 12 days and for T3 10 days. In the egg stage in the three treatments it was three days and the pupal stage was eight days.

Conclusions: It is concluded that T2 and T3 presented the most optimal results. It is recommended to introduce genetic material every six months to maintain a good production of larvae of the species under study in laboratories for the production and reproduction of insect breeding.
Processes of globalisation and small and medium-sized cities
Authors: Szpak Agnieszka , Modrzyńska Joanna , Dahl Michał
Published: January 2023

Progressive urbanization, economic integration, and development of modern technologies lead to the emergence of a new generation of globally networked cities attracting capital, ideas and people. Size is not the most significant factor influencing the importance of a city. At least equally important are innovation, activity in city networks, the activity of the inhabitants and the quality of life. 15 years ago, Taylor et al. suggested that “it is no longer possible to talk of ‘non-global’ cities” (Taylor et al., 2007, p. 185). The research problem of this paper corresponds with the statement, addressing the question whether and how small and medium-sized cities show their manifestations of globalization. The hypothesis is that cities, regardless of size, show some signs of it. Such manifestations may be classified as political, economic, socio-cultural, and other. The conclusions confirm that the hypothesis has been positively verified. As a result of the application of probability sampling methods, the cities chosen for examination include the European cities of Aarhus (Denmark), Basel (Switzerland), and Tallinn (Estonia) as they are representative for numerous small and medium-sized cities.
Katana, bishonen y revisionismo histórico. : Crónicas del pasado del anime Katsugeki/Token Ranbu.
Authors: Bonillo Fernández Claudia
Published: January 2023

Las que antaño eran exposiciones de katana, orientadas a unos pocos entendidos, han pasado a ser eventos multitudinarios llenos de coloridos cartones de personajes de anime y merchandising de todo tipo. Esto se debe, en buena parte, a la influencia del videojuego online Tōken Ranbu, protagonizado por versiones antropomórficas de armas japonesas y una de las franquicias transmedia más relevantes de la actualidad. Consideramos que la fructífera relación de la serie Tōken Ranbu con el pasado nipón, ya que ha hecho de los personajes históricos su seña de identidad, la amplitud y variedad del reparto de su adaptación animada, así como su capacidad para vincular la Historia con el presente fundan analizar la veracidad de la representación de estas armas legendarias y determinar si es un buen medio para que los espectadores puedan acercarse a la cultura nipona a través de estas mortíferas obras de arte.
Now You See It, Now You Don’t: Obfuscation of Online Third-Party Information Sharing
Authors: Eshghi Ashkan , Gopal Ram D. , Hidaji Hooman , Patterson Raymond A.
Published: January 2023

The practice of sharing online user information with external third parties has become the focal point of privacy concerns for consumer advocacy groups and policy makers. We explore the decisions by websites regarding the obfuscation that they use to make it difficult for users to discover the extent of information sharing. Using a Bayesian model, we shed light on the websites’ incentive to obfuscate user information sharing. We find that as content sensitivity increases, a website reduces its level of obfuscation. Furthermore, more popular websites engage in higher levels of obfuscation than less popular ones. We provide an empirical analysis of obfuscation and user information sharing in News (low content sensitivity) and Health (high content sensitivity) websites and confirm key results from our analytical model. Our analysis illustrates that obfuscation of information sharing is a viable strategy that websites use to improve their profits.

History: Ram Ramesh, area editor for Data Science & Machine Learning.

Funding: Financial support from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada is gratefully acknowledged.

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.1266 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2021.0070 ) at http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7336098 .
Boosting the Wisdom of Crowds Within a Single Judgment Problem: Weighted Averaging Based on Peer Predictions
Authors: Palley Asa B. , Satopää Ville A.
Published: January 2023

A combination of point estimates from multiple judges often provides a more accurate aggregate estimate than a point estimate from a single judge, a phenomenon called “the wisdom of crowds.” However, if the judges use shared information when forming their estimates, the simple average will end up overemphasizing this common component at the expense of the judges’ private information. A decision maker could in theory obtain a more accurate estimate by appropriately combining all information behind the judges’ opinions. Although this information underlies the judges’ individual estimates, it is typically unobservable and thus cannot be directly aggregated by a decision maker. In this article, we propose a weighting of judges’ individual estimates that appropriately combines their collective information within a single estimation problem. Judges are asked to provide both a point estimate of the quantity of interest and a prediction of the average estimate that will be given by all other judges. Predictions of others are then used as part of a criterion to determine weights that are applied to each judge’s estimate to form an aggregate estimate. Our weighting procedure is robust to noise in the judges’ responses and can be expressed in closed form. We use both simulation and data from a collection of experimental studies to illustrate that the weighting procedure outperforms existing methods. An R package called metaggR implements our method and is available on the Comprehensive R Archive Network.

This paper was accepted by Manel Baucells, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

Funding: This work was supported by the Indiana University Kelley School of Business and INSEAD.

Supplemental Material: The data files and e-companion are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4648 .
Gender Differences in Responses to Competitive Organization? A Field Experiment on Differences Between STEM and Non-STEM Fields from an Internet-of-Things Platform
Authors: Boudreau Kevin J. , Kaushik Nilam
Published: January 2023

Prior research, primarily based on laboratory experiments of children and students, suggests that women might be more averse to competition than are men; women might, instead, be more inclined toward collaboration. Were these findings to generalize to working-age men and women across the workforce, there could be profound implications for organizational design and personnel management. We report on a field experiment in which 97,678 adults from a wide range of fields of training and career stages were invited to join a product development platform. Individuals were randomly assigned to treatments framing the opportunity as either involving competitive or collaborative interactions with other participants. Among those outside of science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields, we find differences in the willingness of men and women to participate under competition. Thus, patterns in non-STEM fields conform to the usual claims of gender differences. However, among those in STEM fields, we find no statistical gender differences. Results hold under a series of alternative specifications, controls, and stratified analyses of 17 narrowly defined STEM subfields. The results are consistent with sorting into fields on the basis of competitiveness, as suggested by prior research, as well as other explanations we discuss. Overall, heterogeneity among women and heterogeneity among men appear to be at least as important as population-wide gender differences.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Experiments in Organizational Theory.

Funding: This work was supported by Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation [Grant G00005624].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1624 .
Anterior cruciate ligament remnant preservation attenuates apoptosis and enhances the regeneration of hamstring tendon graft
Authors: Lu Cheng-Chang , Ho Cheng-Jung , Chen Shu-Jung , Liu Zi-Miao , Chou Paul P-H. , Ho Mei-Ling , Tien Yin-Chun
Published: January 2023

Aims

The effects of remnant preservation on the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and its relationship with the tendon graft remain unclear. We hypothesized that the co-culture of remnant cells and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) decreases apoptosis and enhances the activity of the hamstring tendons and tenocytes, thus aiding ACL reconstruction.

Methods

The ACL remnant, bone marrow, and hamstring tendons were surgically harvested from rabbits. The apoptosis rate, cell proliferation, and expression of types I and III collagen, transforming growth factor-β ( TGF-β), vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF), and tenogenic genes (scleraxis ( SCX), tenascin C ( TNC), and tenomodulin ( TNMD)) of the hamstring tendons were compared between the co-culture medium (ACL remnant cells (ACLRCs) and BMSCs co-culture) and control medium (BMSCs-only culture). We also evaluated the apoptosis, cell proliferation, migration, and gene expression of hamstring tenocytes with exposure to co-culture and control media.

Results

Compared to BMSCs-only culture medium, the co-culture medium showed substantially decreased early and late apoptosis rates, attenuation of intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways, and enhanced proliferation of the hamstring tendons and tenocytes. In addition, the expression of collagen synthesis, TGF-β, VEGF, and tenogenic genes in the hamstring tendons and tenocytes significantly increased in the co-culture medium compared to that in the control medium.

Conclusion

In the presence of ACLRCs and BMSCs, the hamstring tendons and tenocytes significantly attenuated apoptosis and enhanced the expression of collagen synthesis, TGF-β, VEGF, and tenogenic genes. This in vitro study suggests that the ACLRCs mixed with BMSCs could aid regeneration of the hamstring tendon graft during ACL reconstruction. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(1):9–21.
Antioxidant potency of n-butanol fraction of Ficus glumosa leaves against oxidative stress induced by carbon tetrachloride in the kidneys of rats
Authors: ABU MICHAEL SUNDAY ABU , YAKUBU OJOCHENEMI EJEH , ONUCHE JOB ITANYI , TATAH SILAS VERWIYEH
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Abu MS, Yakubu OE, Onuche JI, Tatah SV. 2022. Antioxidant potency of n-butanol fraction on Ficus glumosa leaves against oxidative stress induced by carbon tetrachloride in the kidneys of rats. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 40-46. The kidneys play several essential roles in the body, including regulating the water and ions reabsorb from glomerular filtrate in kidney tubules. It is controlled by several hormones such as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), aldosterone, and angiotensin II. This report presented the repairing effect of n- butanol fraction of Ficus glumosa Delile on nephrotoxicity induced by CCl4 in rats. Rats were divided into 7 groups of 5 animals each. Group 1 and 2 were used as normal and vehicle controls, respectively. Group 3 was induced but treated with neither extract nor standard drug. However, Groups 3, 4, and 5 were induced by CCl4 and administered with varying doses of the n-butanol fraction. Group 6 was induced by CCl4 and treated with a standard antioxidant drug. The results showed that treatments with an n-butanol fraction of F. glumosa leaves and silymarin significantly (p<0.05) restore the activities of SOD, GPx, and CAT comparable to normal values, i.e., 2.10±0.07 U/L, 43.8±2.49 U/L, and 34.2±2.59 U/L, respectively. In addition, the treatments reduce the MDA level in the kidney of rats treated with n-butanol fraction comparable to 0.34±0.05 mmol/L in the normal rats. Similarly, there was a significant (p<0.05) reduction of urea from 5.24 mg/dL to 3.5 mg/dL (standard value) in the treated groups. Creatinine significantly (p<0.05) reduced from 71.2 mg/dL in the treated groups to 43.3 mg/dL in the normal group. Electrolytes, Na+, K+, and Cl- levels in the CCl4-induced rats after administration of n-butanol fraction of F. glumosa leaves significantly (p<0.05) decreased to 137.8±2.59 mmol/L, 3.98±0.54 mmol/L, and 92.8±1.92 mmol/L respectively. The significant reversal of the rats' biochemical parameters can be ascribed to the ameliorative potency of the n-butanol fraction of methanol extract of F. glumosa leaves on the glomerular and tubular cells, which may have improved renal function in the injured kidney.
Ethnobotany of medicinal plants from Lampung Tribe around Way Kambas National Park, Indonesia
Authors: YUDIYANTO YUDIYANTO , HAKIM NASRUL , WAKHIDAH ANISATU Z.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Yudiyanto, Hakim N, Wakhidah AZ. 2022. Ethnobotany of medicinal plants from Lampung Tribe around Way Kambas National Park, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 84-94. The local communities of the Lampung Tribe around Way Kambas National Park (TNWK), Lampung, Indonesia, utilize forest resources through local community knowledge. However, cultural modernization is the potential to lead to the erosion of people's traditional knowledge. Therefore, this study is essential to be conducted. This study aimed to inventory medicinal plant species and describe local communities' knowledge of the use of medicinal plants. Semi-structured interviews and observations collected ethnobotanical data. The results were presented in a table and diagram and then analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that as many as 69 species of medicinal plants belonging to 39 families were used by the local community of the Lampung Tribe around the TNWK area. Zingiberaceae was the family with the highest number of species. Leaves were the plant part that was mostly used by the local community. Boiling was the most widely used mode of preparation. The Lampung Tribe uses plants to treat various diseases grouped into external and internal diseases. The local community frequently experiences external diseases.
Fruit development and capsaicin content of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum) plant cultivated in different soil salinity stress
Authors: PURNAMA PURIN CANDRA , SUMARDI ISSIREP , NUGROHO L. HARTANTO
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Purnama PC, Sumardi I, Nugroho LH. 2022. Fruit development and capsaicin content of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum) plant cultivated in different soil salinity stress. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 166-171. Land scarcity for cropping at Java Island is a challenge for scientists to look for alternative cropping land. The use of saline land for cropping needs to have further discussed. Red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) can be used as a plant model because, aside from being used as a vegetable, it is also used as natural medicine because of its secondary metabolite, capsaicin. A harsh environment could induce changes in the primary metabolism, which leads to secondary metabolite decomposition. For example, plants respond to stress, such as salt stress, by synthesizing flavonoids and phenolic acid as defense systems to reduce damage. However, the total sugar level and organic acids are decreased. This research aimed to study the fruit development and capsaicin content of hot pepper grown on various coastal soil sand to know whether or not different growth medium affects the size of each part of the fruit. The design of this research was a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD). In this research, five different salinity mediums were used, they were A. 15.20 dS/m, B. 5.70 dS/m, C.1.10 dS/m, and D. 2.85 dS/m obtained from Pandansimo and E. 3.25 dS/m obtained from Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, as comparation. Seedlings were transferred to the polybag after having four truly expanded leaves. Fruit development was observed every week, starting from the first day after flowering (DAF) to 35 DAF. Pericarpium and placenta thickness, fruit diameter, number, length, and width of the giant cell were recorded appropriately from the slides prepared using the paraffin method. Capsaicin content was determined at 14 and 35 DAF, performed with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results show structural changes in the exocarpium; on the first day after flowering, there was only one layer of epidermis cells, but at 7 DAF, there was one layer of epidermis cells and one layer of collenchyma cells. Next, at 14 DAF, one layer of epidermis cells and two layers of collenchyma cells are observed. The structure of the mesocarpium, endocarpium, and placenta were not changed. The capsaicin content of the green fruit (14 DAF) was lower than the mature one (35 DAF) in all survival mediums. The highest capsaicin content at 14 and 35 DAF was obtained from a plant grown at medium C. Different growing mediums affected pericarpium and placenta thickness, number, length, and width of the giant cell fruit diameter.
Effect of foliar zinc application on growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa) in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India
Authors: SAIKH RAHUL , MURMU KANU , SARKAR ARUP , MONDAL RAMYAJIT , JANA KALYAN
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Saikh R, Murmu K, Sarkar A, Mondal R, Jana K. 2022. Effect of foliar zinc application on growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa) in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 182-187. A field experiment was conducted on rice cv. Satabdi (IET-4768) to investigate the effect of foliar zinc application at different stages during the post-Kharif season of 2019. The field experiment was carried out at 'C' block farm of (B.C.K.V), Kalyani, India, with eight different foliar 0.5% 0.5% ZnSO4 (ZnSO4) are T1: Control (without foliar application), T2: Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 at Panicle Initiation, T3: Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 at Booting, T4: Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 at Panicle Initiation and 1 week after flowering, T5: Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 at Panicle at 1 week after Flowering, T6: Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 at Panicle at 2 weeks after flowering, T7: Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 at Panicle at 1 week and 2 weeks after flowering and T8: Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 at Panicle Initiation, Booting, 1 week and 2 weeks after flowering respectively in randomized complete block design with three replication. The result of the experiment revealed that rice plants treated with the combination of T4i.e. Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 at Panicle Initiation and 1 week after flowering have resulted in the highest grain yield of 5.09 t/ha, which was 50.59% higher (3.38 t/ha) than the T1i.e. the control. Furthermore, residual nutrient status was also highest in the plot treated with T4i.e. Foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4 at Panicle Initiation and 1 week after flowering.
The impacts of Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree) plantation on soil nutrients in Southern Nigeria
Authors: NDAKARA EMMANUEL OFUDJAYE , OHWO ODAFIVWOTU
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Ndakara OE, Ohwo O. 2022. The impacts of Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree) plantation on soil nutrients in Southern Nigeria. Nusantara Bioscience 14: 234-239. This study investigated how Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A.Juss.) Müll.Arg. impact on the soils within the humid rainforest ecosystem of Nigeria. The study used quasi-experimental and stratified random sampling techniques to select sampling units. Samples of soils under H. brasiliensis and rainforest (the control) were collected using an auger, and their laboratory analyses for total organic matter (TOM), total nitrogen (N), available phosphorus (P), exchangeable potassium (K), and pH were carried out using standard methods. Data generated were statistically analyzed using the mean, standard deviation, standard error of mean, and t-test. Findings showed that the soils under rainforest have higher nutrient properties than plantations of H. brasiliensis. Soil pH values were lower under rainforest than under plantations of H. brasiliensis. While TOM, N, and K differed significantly between rainforest and H. brasiliensis at a 5% confidence level, available phosphorus and pH were insignificant at a 5% confidence level. Tree species' capability to improve soil nutrition reflects its positive impact on the ecosystem. Since soil nutrients under H. brasiliensis are lower than soil nutrients under rainforest, efficient application of organic manure is required to improve the soil nutrient status for sustainable ecosystem functioning and management of the degraded rainforest environment.
SUGESTÕES DE PESQUISA EM AUDITORIA INTERNA GOVERNAMENTAL: UM OLHAR A PARTIR DA LITERATURA NO CONTEXTO DAS INSTITUIÇÕES FEDERAIS DE ENSINO BRASILEIRAS
Authors: FRIAS RAFAEL PENA CERQUEIRA , SILVA JOELSON WELLYS DIAS , AMORIM EMANUEL RODRIGUES , CARMONA CHARLES ULISES DE MONTREUIL
Published: January 2023

A Auditoria Interna (Audin) atua como um agente de facilitação, agregando valor e melhorando as operações das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (IFES). Nesse contexto, buscou-se investigar quais as oportunidades para estudos futuros são sugeridas na produção acadêmica em relação à temática da Audin no âmbito das IFES brasileiras. Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico referente aos últimos 10 (dez) anos para conhecer as sugestões de novas pesquisas relacionadas ao tema. Constataram-se dezessete proposições, agrupadas em dez temáticas: efetividade da auditoria; papel da auditoria; metodologia dos trabalhos de auditoria; institucionalização da atividade de auditoria; estrutura para o funcionamento; gerenciamento da auditoria; planejamento dos trabalhos individuais; objeto de auditoria; uniformidade das auditorias; e sugestões ao controle externo. Os resultados colaboram para o surgimento de novos insights de pesquisa no âmbito das Auditorias Internas nas IFES, considerando a importância desse elemento intangível para o aprimoramento das organizações.
La incidencia de la Campaña Nacional por el Derecho al Aborto Legal, Seguro y Gratuito en la real implementación de la ley de Interrupción Voluntaria del Embarazo en CABA (2020-2022)
Authors: Sassón Chattás Paulina
Published: January 2023

Es posible afirmar que los derechos sociales no solo se consiguen gracias al debate parlamentario, sino que, la mayoría de las veces, existen grupos organizados que luchan por esos derechos mucho antes de que estos lleguen al Congreso. Al ser que las formas de organización y militancia van cambiando según el contexto y las necesidades, es interesante observar la forma en que han continuado los movimientos sociales a lo largo de la pandemia de Covid-19, utilizando a las redes sociales como medio para expresarse y mantener activa su militancia.
En Argentina, las luchas por la legalización de la Interrupción Voluntaria del Embarazo tuvieron entidad gracias a la militancia de la Campaña Nacional por el Derecho al Aborto Legal, Seguro y Gratuito, como también de otras organizaciones. Lo curioso es que este grupo tiene influencia también en la real implementación de la ley, y eso es lo que desea analizarse en este trabajo.
El episodio del falso Falcón en la Historia Augusta (H.A. Pert. 10)
Authors: Juan Castelló Jaume
Published: January 2023

Sosio Falcón, cónsul del 193, conspiró contra Pértinax. El relato lagunoso de la HA evoca las conocidas descripciones del falso Agripa o de los falsos Nerones. Constatamos que dos de los tres maridos de la bisabuela del cónsul eran hijos de los respectivos gobernadores de Siria y de Asia que habían tenido que interceptar a los dos últimos falsos Nerones.
Camilo Barcia y el panamericanismo: reflexiones durante el Directorio (1923-1928)
Authors: Andrés García Manuel
Published: January 2023

Camilo Barcia Trelles es reconocido como uno de los grandes internacionalistas contemporáneos por politólogos y juristas, y también goza de una merecida fama entre sus coetáneos como analista de política internacional. El objetivo de este artículo es ilustrar sus análisis sobre la política exterior norteamericana durante el Directorio primorriverista y, en particular, su expresión panamericanista, concretada en las Conferencias de Santiago de Chile (1923) y La Habana (1928). Las principales fuentes utilizadas han sido sus monografías de este periplo y, sobre todo, sus colaboraciones en prensa, principalmente en el periódico La Libertad y la revista España.
Dynamic stable ring resonator for high-power continuous single-frequency lasers: conditions for a compact resonator
Authors: Bereczki Allan , Wetter Niklaus Ursus
Published: January 2023

When considering dynamically stable resonators, ring lasers are good choices because they have a stability interval that is twice as large as that of linear resonators and sensitivity to misalignment decreasing with pump power; however, the literature does not provide easy design guidelines. A ring resonator utilizing Nd:YAG side pumped by diodes allowed single-frequency operation. The output single-frequency laser had good output characteristics; however, the overall length of the resonator did not allow for building a compact device with low misalignment sensitivity and larger spacing between longitudinal modes which could improve single-frequency performance. Based on previously developed equations, which allow for ease of design of a ring dynamically stable resonator, we discuss how to build an equivalent ring resonator, aiming to building a shorter resonator with the same stability zone parameters. The study of the symmetric resonator containing a pair of lenses allowed us to find the conditions to build the shortest possible resonator.
Optical characterization of the impact of 100  keV protons on the optical properties of ZrO2 films prepared by ALD on fused silica substrates
Authors: Sytchkova A. , Protopapa M. L. , Olivero P. , Tapfer L. , Burresi E. , Dunatov T. , Siketić Z. , Palmisano M. , Pesce E. , Wang Y. , Wang Z. , He H.
Published: January 2023

Atomic layer deposition (ALD)-grown zirconia films underwent irradiation by 100 keV protons at fluences ranging from

1

⋅

10

12

p

+

/

c
m

2

through

5

⋅

10

14

p

+

/

c
m

2

. The induced structural damage was modeled using the stopping and range of ions in matter (SRIM) and compared with the change of the optical properties characterized by ellipsometry, spectrophotometry, and x-ray reflectometry. Proton-induced contamination of the optical surface due to deposition of a carbon-rich layer was determined. Correct estimation of the substrate damage was shown to be critical for reliable evaluation of the optical constants of the irradiated films. The ellipsometric angle

Δ

is shown to be sensitive to both the presence of the buried damaged zone in the irradiated substrate and the contamination layer on the surface of the samples. The complex chemistry in carbon-doped zirconia accommodating over-stoichiometric oxygen is discussed, along with the impact of the film composition change on the refractive index of the irradiated films.
Drift Correction in Laboratory Nanocomputed Tomography using Joint Feature Correlation
Authors: Liu Mengnan , Yu Han , Xi Xiaoqi , Tan Siyu , Zhu Linlin , Zhang Zhicun , Li Lei , Chen Jian , Yan Bin
Published: January 2023

Laboratory nanocomputed tomography (nano-CT), which can provide a spatial resolution of up to 100 nm, has been widely used due to its volume advantage. However, the drift of the x-ray source focal spot and the thermal expansion of the mechanical system can cause projection drift during long-time scanning. The three-dimensional result reconstructed from the drifted projections contains severe drift artifacts, which reduce the spatial resolution of nano-CT. Registering the drifted projections using rapidly acquired sparse projections is one of the mainstream correction methods, but the high noise and contrast differences of projections in nano-CT affect the correction effectiveness of existing methods. Herein, we propose a rough-to-refined projection registration method, which fully combines the information of the features in the gray and frequency domains of the projections. Simulation data show that the drift estimation accuracy of the proposed method is improved by and compared with the mainstream random sample consensus and locality preserving matching based on features. The proposed method can effectively improve the imaging quality of nano-CT.
Only frequency domain diffractive deep neural networks
Authors: Song Mingzhu , Li Runze , Wang Junsheng
Published: January 2023

Diffractive deep neural networks (D2NNs) have demonstrated their importance in performing various all-optical machine learning tasks such as classification and segmentation. However, current D2NNs can only detect spatial domain intensity information. They cannot solve problems that rely on frequency information, such as laser linewidth compression. We propose a new D2NN architecture that fully exploits frequency domain information. We demonstrate that only frequency domain D2NN (OF-D3NN) can be trained using deep learning algorithms and be successfully integrated into a free-space optical communications system (FSO) for information recovery.
Laser-based sensing in the long-wavelength mid-infrared: chemical kinetics and environmental monitoring applications
Authors: Elkhazraji Ali , Shakfa Mohammad Khaled , Abualsaud Nawaf , Mhanna Mhanna , Sy Mohamed , Marangoni Marco , Farooq Aamir
Published: January 2023

We present chemical kinetics and environmental monitoring applications in the long-wavelength mid-infrared (LW-MIR) region using a new diagnostic that exploits a widely tunable light source emitting in the LW-MIR. The custom-designed laser source is based on a difference-frequency generation (DFG) process in a nonlinear orientation-patterned GaAs crystal. The pump laser, an external-cavity quantum cascade laser, is tuned in a continuous-wave (cw) mode, while the signal laser, a

C
O

2

gas laser, is operated in a pulsed mode with a kilohertz repetition rate. The idler wavelength can be tuned between 11.58 (

863.56

c

m

−
1

) and 15.00 µm (

666.67

c

m

−
1

) in a quasi-cw manner. We discuss the unique prospective applications offered by probing the LW-MIR region for chemical kinetics and environment-monitoring applications. We showcase the potential of the DFG laser source by some representative applications.
Color appearance of spatial patterns compared by direct estimation and conjoint measurement
Authors: Devinck Frédéric , Knoblauch Kenneth
Published: January 2023

Perceptual scales of color saturation obtained by direct estimation (DE) and maximum likelihood conjoint measurement (MLCM) were compared for red checkerboard patterns and uniform red squares. For the DE task, observers were asked to rate the saturation level as a percentage, indicating the chromatic sensation for each pattern and contrast. For the MLCM procedure, observers judged on each trial which of two stimuli that varied in chromatic contrast and/or spatial pattern evoked the most salient color. In separate experiments, patterns varying only in luminance contrast were also tested. The MLCM data confirmed previous results reported with DE indicating that the slope of the checkerboard scale with cone contrast levels is steeper than that for the uniform square. Similar results were obtained with patterns modulated only in luminance. DE methods were relatively more variable within an observer, reflecting observer uncertainty, while MLCM scales showed greater relative variability across observers, perhaps reflecting individual differences in the appearance of the stimuli. MLCM provides a reliable scaling method, based only on ordinal judgments between pairs of stimuli and that provides less opportunity for subject-specific biases and strategies to intervene in perceptual judgements.
Aperture-averaged scintillation for a weak underwater turbulence-affected Gaussian beam using the OTOPS model
Authors: Ata Yalçın , Toselli Italo
Published: January 2023

The calculation of optical system performance for laser beam propagation in optical turbulence, such as bit error rate (BER), signal-to-noise ratio, and probability of fade, requires the knowledge of scintillation. In this paper, we show the analytical expressions of the aperture-averaged scintillation using a new recently introduced power spectrum of the refractive index fluctuations for underwater turbulence, the oceanic turbulence optical power spectrum (OTOPS). In addition, we use this main result to investigate the impact of weak oceanic turbulence on free-space optical system performance for a propagating Gaussian beam wave. Similar to the atmospheric turbulence case, results show that aperture averaging can reduce the mean BER and the probability of fade several orders of magnitude if the receiver aperture is chosen with a diameter larger than the Fresnel zone,

L

/

k

. Being valid for weak turbulence regime in any natural waters, results present the variations of irradiance fluctuations and the performance of underwater optical wireless communication systems depending on the practical values of average temperature and average salinity concentration that can be encountered in any world’s waters.
Blind SOP recovery of eigenvalue communication system based on a nonlinear Fourier transform
Authors: Chen Junda , Yang Zheng , Chen Yizhao , Hu Zihe , Zhang Mingming , Li Weihao , Wang Yutian , Liu Deming , Tang Ming
Published: January 2023

Owing to the random birefringence of optical fibers, the recovery of the state of polarization (SOP) is urgently needed, especially in the nonlinear spectrum division multiplexing transmissions. Based on the variance of the polarization power ratio among symbols as the cost function, we propose a novel algorithm for the blind SOP recovery of eigenvalue communications. In the single eigenvalue transmissions with phase-shift keying or 16-ary amplitude and phase-shift keying constellations, at least 25.3 dB polarization extinction ratio can be achieved by using a block length of 30, even under 7 dB OSNR condition. It also shows that the proposed algorithm can be employed in multi-eigenvalue NFDM transmissions and full-spectrum modulated NFDM system. In the experiment, our proposed algorithm performs the same as the training symbol based method in back-to-back and less than 3000 km fiber link conditions; a maximum performance gain of 1.6 dB was obtained in ultra-long-haul condition (4300 km). It also shows that the impact of the polarization mode dispersion of a single-mode fiber on the algorithm is negligible.
Phase-change material-assisted all-optical temporal differentiator
Authors: Guo Pengxing , Yu Sijing , Hou Weigang , Guo Lei
Published: January 2023

This paper proposes a novel microring resonator (MRR)-based all-optical tuning temporal differentiator (DIFF). Specifically, the DIFF uses nonvolatile phase-change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) to achieve low energy consumption and high-speed optical control of the state of the MRR, avoiding the traditional electro-optic (EO) and thermo-optic (TO) tuning designs. By changing the crystallinity of GST to changing the coupling regimes of the MRR, a broad range for the differentiation order α, i.e., 0.47–1.64 can be realized. The intensity response and phase response of the GST-assisted MRR, and normalized intensity in the output of the temporal DIFFs for Gaussian optical pulses have been obtained by simulation. Furthermore, input pulse width and detuning influence on the differentiation order and output deviation are discussed. Finally, our structure can effectively reduce the chip area and power consumption compared with the traditional EO and TO tuning designs.
Machine learning-based ice detection approach for power transmission lines by utilizing FBG micro-meteorological sensors
Authors: Zhou Rui , Zhang Zhiguo , Zhai Tong , Gu Xueliang , Cao Huiran , Xiao Ziyang , Li Luming
Published: January 2023

Severe icing of transmission lines causes power failures, tower collapses, and other adverse events, which hinders the normal operation of society. Existing icing monitoring methods have problems of irregular monitoring and poor accuracy. In this study, we propose a comprehensive model for predicting hard rime and glaze ice using temperature, humidity, and historical icing data. The results of the experimental verification conducted for nine icing cycles in different years and geographic locations demonstrate that the proposed technique can effectively predict multiple types of icing while ensuring correlation coefficients > 0.99 and mean squared error < 4%.
Scintillation of the orbital angular momentum of a Bessel Gaussian beam and its application on multi-parameter multiplexing
Authors: Wang Wanjun , Zhang Guojun , Ye Tianchun , Wu Zhensen , Bai Lu
Published: January 2023

The scintillation of the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of a Bessel Gaussian beam was derived based on the Rytov method to characterize the performance of the OAM communication. Moreover, a multi-parameter demultiplexing method was also proposed which could decode the OAM state, the amplitude and two additional beam width information dimensions. The advantages of the OAM states as the communication carrier over the beam intensity were that the minimum scintillation of the fundamental mode was smaller, and its corresponding radius also diverged slower. The coefficient of variation of the decoding amplitude was approximated to the square root of the radial minimum scintillation, and it provided an estimated decoding precision for the input sample selection. This study not only provided theoretical basis for communication link design, but also had a promising application on the large capacity beam multiplexing in free-space laser communication.