bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THERMAL AWARE LINK ENERGY EFFICIENT SCHEME FOR BODY AREA NETWORKS
Authors: Javed M.
Published: January 2021

A daunting task in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) is still to develop Effective routing techniques. Small-sized nodes are installed on or within the human body to monitor human health conditions which then deliver the data to servers for analysis. During sensing and data transfer, biomedical sensors work continuously and the temperature of the nodes may rise beyond the threshold limit. This temperature rise may damage the human body tissues as well as the routing mechanism in terms of path losses. To keep the temperature at its normal working value, a priority-based selection of routes is required to prevent data loss during transmission. This will ensure safe and accurate data delivery at the destination. A protocol called “Thermal Aware Link Energy Efficient Scheme for WBANs” (TALEEBA) for workers is proposed to monitor the health of workers in factories. One of the four sinks will collect the data of the nearest worker in the field. As the body temperature of any worker is detected to rise, an alarm will be generated and the supervisor of the workplace will ask the worker to be replaced by some other worker. The same mechanism will continue till the task ends. Our proposed TALEEBA (Thermal Aware Link Energy Efficient Scheme for WBANs) scheme is aligned with current LAEEBA and THE-FAME WBAN schemes. In simulations, we analyze our protocol in terms of stability period, network lifetime, residual energy, a packet sent, packet dropped, and throughput. Hence, the results show stability and network life 50%, a packet sent 20% and throughput 23% are improved in comparison with LABEEA and THE-FAME protocols.
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE NONLINEAR BEHAVIOR OF FLEXIBLE ROAD PAVEMENTS
Authors: Ullah Irfan
Published: January 2021

In this paper, the Asphalt Concrete is analyzed by finite element modeling in Abaqus. The nonlinear viscoelastic behavior of Asphalt Concrete is simulated in Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The X-Ray Computed Tomography scans of the laboratory specimen are converted to a 3D virtual model in image processing software (Simpleware Scan IP). The 3D model is used in FEA by applying boundary conditions and giving mechanical properties, considering the Asphalt Concrete as a viscoelastic material. The mechanical properties of the Asphalt Concrete were determined from the laboratory test performed on the same sample. Three different types of model were analyzed. The representative 3D meshed model and Abaqus meshed model were analyzed for recovery of stress under constant strain and compared. It was concluded that the analysis on a model without considering the actual geometry of the Asphalt Concrete, gives a similar pattern of results but differ by 18% than a laboratory test. The actual 3D geometry of Asphalt Concrete specimen can be obtained by converting 2D X-ray CT scans. It was also found that the nonlinear viscoelastic analysis on a 3D virtual model of Asphalt Concrete gives 96% similar results to the laboratory tests.
Foreign and Russian Studies of Share Buyback Practices: A View from the Corporate Governance Perspective
Authors: Tkachenko I. N. , Bataeva B. S.
Published: January 2021

The paper discusses the mechanism of shares buyback and its implementation in foreign countries and in Russia. The publication purpose is to study the practice of buybacks in the aspect of corporate governance, satisfaction of stakeholders interests being in the new economic realities by the impact of sanctions and the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors use the method of content analysis of publications by Russian and foreign researchers based on Google Scholar since 1990 to 2020, considering buyback programs in relation to corporate governance and influence on stakeholders. Also, the authors analyze the state of the Russian stock market by capitalization, by the number of issuers of shares on the MICEX-RTS from 2013 to 2020. There are analyzed programs for repurchase of shares of Russian companies for the period 2018–2020. There have been put forward and tested three hypotheses related to the impact of sanctions and the coronavirus pandemic on the policy of implementing buyback deals by the companies. The “share buyback” is usually considered to a greater extent from the point of view of corporate finance in the Russian business field, outside the context of corporate governance and even more so outside of relations with stakeholders. There is a dominant approach to buybacks from the point of view of shareholders rather than from the point of view of stakeholders in Russian business practice. There is no discussion about the negative impact of buybacks on their interests in the public opinion and in the expert environment, due to the relative weakness of the positions of Russian stakeholders. The future research may focus on assessing the impact of share buyback programs on the risks system and benefits for financial and non-financial stakeholders. Also, there should be emphasized on studying the impact of share buybacks on the corporate governance quality and on studying their impact on top management remuneration, being assessed the effectiveness and efficiency of programs buybacks.
Modern Challenges to the Management of Industry Drivers (Russian Mechanical Engineering Example)
Authors: Moreva E. L. , Bekulova S. R.
Published: January 2021

Seeking for the solution of the problem of ensuring the growth and development of national economies, modern researchers and practitioners actively turns to the sectors that act as drivers. The state support of such sectors opens great prospects for the growth and development of production in their countries. This is of certain interest for Russia that nowadays faces the most pressing tasks of enhancing economic life and strengthening its position in the world economy. Naturally, there is reflected in modern government documents of our country, ensuring the growth of the domestic economy and its transition to an investment model of development and this is often associated precisely with state support for sectors among national drivers. The high rates of such actions make it necessary to specifically turn to the analysis of the state support for these industries; their development in the prism of administrative effect on them by the state and the assessment of the efforts results. This paper depicts the solving of this problem. The authors have chosen the Russian engineering industry as the object of the study. It supposes to be as capable of outstripping the growth of the entire national economy and ensuring its presence in international markets. Besides, the sector includes industries that are critical to the rest of the economy (machine tool manufacturing f. ex.), as well as those forming a new technological order, including electronics manufacturing and aircraft manufacturing. Analysis and assessment of state support for these industries, as well as the machine-building sector, constitutes the main content of the research. General scientific principles and research methods were as a methodological basis as well as statistical, comparative and content analysis. The authors analyzed the main directions and mechanisms of state support for the machine-building complex. In this perspective, there has been proposed an assessment of the state and dynamics of the sector; highlighted the prospects for its development in a pandemic; outlined the main directions for improving its state support and prospects for turning into a driver of the national economy.
Gender Balance in Companies’ Management: The Effect on Financial Indicators
Authors: Razumova T. O. , Ivanova E. S.
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this paper is to calculate the effect of gender balance in management on the economic performance of Russian companies. The relevance of the topic is explained by the fact that in Russia women make up almost 50% of the workforce (that exceeds the indicators of Western Europe and North America) and get a higher education on an equal basis with men, but women’s participation in the governing bodies of companies is insignificant (about 5%). This could result the companies losing the benefits of women’s human capital. The paper hypothesizes that Russian public joint stock companies with gender balanced governing bodies have better financial performance. An econometric model has been used to test this method. Data for the period of 9 years (from 2010 to 2018) for 44 non-financial companies whose shares were traded on the stock exchange during this period are taken. There has been applied Tobin’s Q as an indicator of the financial performance. Since there is a two-tier management system in public joint-stock companies in Russia. Two councils are considered as the governing bodies of the company — the supervisory board and the board of directors. The result of the study is the absence of a significant relationship between the gender balance in the governing bodies and the financial success of the companies. The main reasons for the lack of significant results include a special industry profile of Russian companies. The recommendation for the following studies is to focus not just on the firm’s financial performance but on the corporate and social impact of gender balance either.
Précis knihy Hegelova fenomenologie světa
Authors: Matějčková Tereza
Published: January 2021

Pojednání shrnuje základní argumenty knihy Hegelova fenomenologie světa (2018). Autorka se připojuje k tradici, která jenský spis vykládá jako tzv. Bildungsroman, a na tomto pozadí osvětluje pojem světa, který jí slouží jako hermeneutický klíč celkové interpretace knihy. Proti tradičním interpretacím Fenomenologie jako „Bildungsromanu“ autorka tvrdí, že se zde „nebuduje“ vědomí, ale konkrétní forma světa. Vědomí vychází ve svém vnímání, myšlení a jednání vždy z určitého konceptu světa či světskosti. V tomto smyslu chápe autorka svět jako model skutečnosti podmiňující vědomí ve výkonu poznání i jednání. Postup Fenomenologie je vývojem, v němž se jednotlivé světy coby „konkrétní celky“, tedy modely skutečnosti, postupně hroutí, protože skutečnost nedostatečně vystihují. Tento nedostatek se typicky ohlašuje v zakoušených epistemologických, morálních či praktických nezdarech. Absolutní vědění je pojato jako ta úroveň, na níž se podaří formulovat svět, který skutečnosti, alespoň podle Hegelova nároku, nejlépe „odpovídá“: tento svět stojí na uznání konečnosti a plurality jakožto konstitutivních principů skutečnosti.
Comments on the book of Tereza Matějčková Gibt es eine Welt in Hegels Phänomenologie des Geistes? / “Is there a world in Hegelʼs Phenomenology of Spirit?”, Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck 2018
Authors: Stekeler-Weithofer Pirmin
Published: January 2021

Tereza Matějčková’s book presents a highly interesting phenomenological reading of Hegel’s early masterpiece. The result is a proposal to take the title seriously – such that we can see the book as the earliest introduction into the methods and topics of philosophical phenomenology, despite the fact that Husserl himself, in contrast to Heidegger, did not seem to see the narrow relation. I especially value Tereza Matějčkováʼs very deep understanding of the dialectical humour and irony of Hegel’s writings. However, I understand the Phenomenology of Spirit in a somehow more radical way as a most general ‘logicֹ’ of self-consciousness. It shows how referring to myself is referring to the world and vice versa, despite the fact that the word ‘world’ does not play a prominent role in Hegelʼs text. Some disagreements result over Hegelʼs wide use of metaphors and analogies in his structural analysis of personal self-relations, for example in his reconstruction and critique of the age-old (in fact Platonic) image of a fight between a thinking soul as master and a system of immediate bodily desires as slave. We cannot get rid of inclinations and appetites, and we cannot retreat, as the Stoics had thought, into pure thinking. In other words, there is no fight ‘for recognition’ between different individuals in Hegelʼs book, but in the end an answer to a classical theodicy saying that the world, as it is, is the best one we have because there is only one world.
Jaké to je vstupovat do světa?
Authors: Korda Tomáš
Published: January 2021

Předkládaná stať je obsáhlejší recenzí knihy Terezy Matějčkové Hegelova fenomenologie světa. Zdůrazňuji, že v její interpretaci hraje klíčovou roli pojem vzdělání. Nikoli toliko ve smyslu akumulace vědění, ale ve smyslu zbavování se vědění, které již neodpovídá skutečnosti. V mém čtení pak skrze opakované osvobozování se od starého vědění vstupuje vědomí do světa, nechává za sebou starý „světový řád“ a učí se současně žít na výši přítomnosti. Svět a (každodenní) přítomnost je to, čemu podle Matějčkové učí Hegelova Fenomenologie ducha dostát. Nejen vědomí, ale i čtenář má dostát světu, neboť je rovněž vědomím. Moje základní výhrada či spíše podnět k rozvedení spočívá v tom, že aby tohoto cíle Fenomenologie dosáhla, měl by její interpret vzít v potaz dějiny dvacátého století a ukázat, jak se na nich duch vzdělal a pozvedl je k dějinám ducha. V opačném případě čtenář bude stále rámovat přítomnost pojmy převzatými z minulosti a nebude skutečně moderní.
Ohlašuje Hegel konec náboženství?
Authors: Navrátilová Olga
Published: January 2021

Autorka si v článku klade otázku, nakolik Hegel ve své filosofii ohlašuje konec náboženství jakožto specifické formy vztahování se ke světu, a tak předjímá postupující sekularizaci západní kultury. Autorka vychází z tvrzení Terezy Matějčkové v její knize Hegelova fenomenologie světa, podle nějž je Hegelem oznamovaný konec třeba chápat nikoli ve smyslu časovém, nýbrž jakožto konec ve smyslu završení, odhalení principu, který se stává „středem“ nové perspektivy. Aniž by si autorka stati kladla za cíl tuto mnohokrát opakovanou otázku po výkladu Hegelovy teze o konci náboženství rozhodnout, přináší argumenty jak na podporu tvrzení Terezy Matějčkové, tak také ty, které s tímto tvrzením polemizují.
„Dějiny literatury skýtají výjimečnou ilustraci“
Authors: Vojvodík Josef
Published: January 2021

Tereza Matějčková se ve své knize vztahuje k literárním obrazům světa: komentuje Hegelovy filozofické výklady literárních děl (Sofokles, Diderot, Goethe, Schiller) nebo interpretuje literární díla autorů 20. století (Semprún, Jünger, Marguerite Yourcenar). Její komentáře a interpretace se dotýkají problémů a témat, které podstatně spoluvytvářely esteticko-uměleckou a kulturně-politickou mentalitu umělecké avantgardy 20. století (zejména surrealismu) a moderny. Ve svém článku se věnuji třem tématům: 1) Metafoře Theatrum mundi, kterou si Tereza Matějčková zvolila jako název 8. kapitoly své knihy; 2) problému zla, násilí a „abstraktní existence“ v moderně a zejména v surrealismu; 3) konceptu „nových mytologií“ a „lyrizace světa“ v estetických esejích Karla Teigeho.
Odpověď na komentáře
Authors: Matějčková Tereza
Published: January 2021

Autorka v pojednání odpovídá na čtyři reflexe své knihy Hegelova fenomenologie světa. V první části se věnuje základním pojmům, tak jak je komentuje Pirmin Stekeler, který vyzdvihuje především vztah pojmu světa ke svému vlastnímu pojmu životních forem. Vypořádává se rovněž s odlišnými interpretacemi vztahu sebevědomí na straně jedné a boje na život a na smrt na straně druhé. V závěru tohoto oddílu se zaměřuje na Stekelerovu koncepci Fenomenologie ducha jako mundiceje. V této souvislosti se autorka obrací k tématu náboženství, které je stěžejní pro příspěvek Olgy Navrátilové. Autorka odmítá návrh Olgy Navrátilové chápat Hegelovu řeč o konci náboženství jako anticipaci zániku náboženství. Zdůrazňuje, že Hegel usiluje o podržení všech tří momentů ducha, které jsou na symbolické rovině vyjádřeny jako Otec – Syn – Duch Svatý. Přestože vychyluje dynamiku směrem k Duchu, netvrdí, že by pojem transcendence, tak jak jej na úrovni náboženství ztělesňuje Bůh, měl být překonán ve smyslu jeho zničení. V reakci na pojednání od Josefa Vojvodíka zdůrazňuje autorka důležitost děl romantiků pro Hegelovu filosofii, především ironie a humoru, avšak vždy v jejich objektivních, nikoliv subjektivních podobách. Ironie není vlastností subjektivního ducha, ale objektivní skutečnosti. V poslední části se autorka věnuje reflexi Tomáše Kordy, který vznáší nárok radikální aktualizace: podle autora by bylo záhodno domyslet Fenomenologii a promítnout její tezi, resp. Hegelovu filosofii vůbec do naší současnosti, a tak sledovat, do jaké míry se duch vzdělával i po Hegelově době. Tento typ aktualizace autorka odmítá a navrhuje, že aktualizovat je možné Hegelův styl, méně již jeho pojem dějin.
Theoretical study of pentavalent halosiliconates: structure and charge delocalization
Authors: Aichi M. , Hafied M. , Dibi A.
Published: January 2021

This study is performed to detect the pentavalent silicon center in the structure of pentavalent halosiliconate R—O—Si(CH3)3X– and halotrimethylsilyloxyfurane structures (X—TMSOF), (X = F–; Cl–; Br–) and (R = CH3—; CH2—CH3; —CH(CH3)2; —CH=CH2; C6H5—). DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level are caried out to understand their structures and charge delocalization. These intermediates are obtained by attacking the silicon center in trimethyl-alkoxysilanes and trimethyl-silyloxyfurane with halogen ions X–. The results obtained show that the attack by F– generates more stable structures because of the Si—F bond strong. In the case of Br– and Cl–, the structure of intermediates appears as an interaction between the ions and the silicon center. NBO analysis shows that one of F– lone pairs takes part in the Si—F bond formation. However, the lone pairs of Br– and Cl– do not contribute to generate a real bonding.
Изучение природы водородных связей H-комплексов производных пиррола с ацетоном по данным ИК спектроскопии и квантово-химических расчетов
Authors:   Таджикский национальный университет, Душанбе, Таджикистан, Муллоев Н.У. , Файзиева М.Р. , Ходиев М.Х. , Лаврик Н.Л. ,   Душанбинский медико-социальный колледж, Душанбе, Таджикистан,   Институт химической кинетики и горения им. В.В. Воеводского СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия
Published: January 2021

Методами квантовой химии рассчитаны величины электронной плотности молекул и положение полос поглощения группы N—H пиррола, индола и карбазола при наличии и отсутствии H-комплексов c молекулой ацетона. Установлено, что с уменьшением положительного заряда на атоме водорода связи N—H эффективность образования H-комплексов снижается. Критерием эффективности образования H-связи была величина низкочастотного сдвига положения максимума полосы поглощения колебания N—H производных молекул пиррола. На основании полученных результатов сделано заключение, что при образовании H-комплексов производных пиррола с ацетоном кулоновская составляющая не является превалирующей, а более значимый вклад вносит ковалентная составляющая.
Experimental and theoretical study of the substituent type and position effects on 3-(substituted phenyl)-cis-4,5-dihydroisoxazole- 4,5-diyl)bismethylene)diacetate derivatives
Authors: Eşme A. , Sagdinc S.G. , Kara Y.S.
Published: January 2021

Effects of the substituent type and the position (X = -H, -p-CH3, -p-C2H5, -p-CF3, -p-Br, -p-Cl, -p-CN, -m-F, -m-NO2) on 3-(substituted phenyl)-cis-4,5-dihydroisoxazole-4,5-diyl)bis(methy­lene)diacetate derivatives are investigated experimentally FTIR and UV-Vis and theoretically using the density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of theory. The influence of these substituents on the frontier molecular orbital analysis of the investigated series is discussed using DFT. The absorption spectra (UV-Vis spectra) of all the derivatives in the gas phase and the chloroform solvent simulated using the time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) are compared with those obtained experimentally.
Anion—cation versus weak intermolecular interactions in the structures of Et4N+, Pr4N+, and Bu4N+ cation salts with the [W(CN)6(bpy)]2– anion
Authors: Hodorowicz M. , Szklarzewicz J. , Jurowska A. , Mikuriya M. , Mitsuhashi R. , Yoshioka D.
Published: January 2021

Cyanide complexes are used as metalloligands to obtain multicore complexes with magnetic properties. Hexacyanides [W(CN)6(L)]1–/2– {L = 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen)} are the systems suitable for testing the magnetic coupling between W(V) and other paramagnetic centres. In this study, the synthesis of [W(CN)6(bpy)]2– with selected tetraalkyl­ammonium cations (Et4N+, Pr4N+, and Bu4N+) and the X-ray diffraction structural analysis of single crystals of three salts (Et4N)2[W(CN)6(bpy)]·3H2O, (Pr4N)(PPh4)[W(CN)6(bpy)](CH3)2CO·H2O, and (Bu4N)2[W(CN)6(bpy)](CH3)2CO are described. The relationship between the cation type and the [W(CN)6(bpy)]2– ion packing system is discussed. Selected physicochemical properties as IR spectra and the elemental analysis of the complexes are also presented.
Construction of a cobalt coordination polymer based on a linear ligand with flexible branched chains
Authors: Zhang C.-L. , Qian J.-L. , Zhou T. , Li Y.-Q.
Published: January 2021

A cobalt coordination polymer based on a linear ligand with flexible branched chains 4,4'-(2,5-dibutoxy-1,4-phenylene)dipyridine (BPDP), namely, {[Co(BPDP)(H2O)4]·2BPDP·2NO3}n, is obtained and characterized by the elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The UV-visible spectral features are also investigated in details.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and DFT study of 1-(2-bromobenzyl)- 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole
Authors: Yang Z.-S. , Huang P.-Y. , Chen J.-J. , Chen Y.-M. , Gao T. , Chai H.-F. , Zhao C.-S.
Published: January 2021

1-(2-Bromobenzyl)-4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole is an organic intermediate with both pyrazole heterocycle and borate functional group. In this paper, the title compound is obtained by the nucleophilic substitution reaction. The structure of the compound is confirmed by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and MS. At the same time, the single crystal of the title compound is measured by X-ray diffraction and is subjected to the crystallographic and conformational analysis. The molecular structure is further calculated using density functional theory (DFT) and compared with the X-ray diffraction value. The results of the conformational analysis indicate that the molecular structure optimized by DFT is consistent with the crystal structure determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In addition, the molecular electrostatic potential and frontier molecular orbitals of the title compound are further investigated by DFT, revealing molecular structure characteristics and molecular conformations.
Early transmissibility assessment of the N501Y mutant strains of SARS-CoV-2 in the United Kingdom, October to November 2020
Authors: Leung Kathy , Shum Marcus HH , Leung Gabriel M , Lam Tommy TY , Wu Joseph T
Published: January 2021

Two new SARS-CoV-2 lineages with the N501Y mutation in the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein spread rapidly in the United Kingdom. We estimated that the earlier 501Y lineage without amino acid deletion Δ69/Δ70, circulating mainly between early September and mid-November, was 10% (6–13%) more transmissible than the 501N lineage, and the 501Y lineage with amino acid deletion Δ69/Δ70, circulating since late September, was 75% (70–80%) more transmissible than the 501N lineage.
Expression of Tp53 and USP7 during development of lungs in mouse model.
Authors: Mughal Amna , Hu Mushtaq , Amjad Zaheer , Parveen Khalida , Mustansar Tazeen
Published: January 2021

Background: Much of the human developmental biology, especially at the molecular resolution, has been investigated on a mouse model. Resultantly, it has been demonstrated that lungs development is underpinned by differential and time course dependent expression of many proteins, including Tp53. However, the expression of USP7 (Ubiquitin Specific Protease 7), a deubiquitinase of Tp53 (tumor protein 53), has not been reported for the process. The study focuses on expressional changes of Tp53 and its stabilizer protein USP7 during the development of lungs.

Methodology: Briefly, mice embryos of three different stages of lungs development, pseudoglandular, canalicular and saccular stages, were retrieved from pregnant mice and subjected to histological studies. Morphometric measurements of tubules diameter, tubular wall thickness and tubular lumen diameter were taken during the three stages. Expressions of Tp53 and USP7 in the developing lungs were investigated using immunohistochemistry and statistically analyzed in terms of optical density.

Results: Anatomically, decreases in tubular diameter and tubule wall thickness were observed from the canalicular to the saccular stage, whereas no significant differences were found between the stages in relation to the luminal diameter of tubules. Expression of Tp53 gradually increased in tubules from the pseudoglandular and saccular stage (p=0.0169). However, no difference was observed in interstitial tissue in all three stages. In comparison, USP7 expression was found to increase from pseudoglandular to the canalicular stage in both tubules and interstitial tissue. A positive correlation was only observed between Tp53 and USP7 expression in the interstitial tissue.

Conclusion: The results suggest expression of Tp53 is mainly regulated by USP7 during lungs development in tubules and interstitial tissue, especially between canalicular and saccular stages of lungs development.
Anti-atherogenic effect of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) administration with a high cholesterol diet and its effect on hyperlipidemia in female Wistar rats.
Authors: Qaiser Wajeeha , Sohail Sumera , Iqbal Khan Nazish , Naz Lubna , Yasmeen Ghazala , Shamim Mufzala
Published: January 2021

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) persists to be the world's leading reason for mortality and morbidity. The major type of CVD is coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is the obstruction of coronary arteries frequently instigated by arteriosclerosis (plaque buildup in the coronary artery, which hampers blood flow to the myocardial muscles). This research was conducted to examine the effects of oral intake of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) powder on hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis (induced through high-fat diet) in female Wistar rats. The pharmacological effects of flaxseed are diverse. It has an antiarrhythmic effect, anti-arthritic effect, antilipidemic, atherosclerosis, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant activity effect on the body. 

Methodology:  A total of 32 female Wistar rats (200 g) were divided equally into four groups. Group I (n=8) rats kept as control and given normal rat chow diet, Group II rats kept as positive control for induction of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis by addition of saturated edible fat to the standard diet (high cholesterol diet - HCD), Group III rats fed with flaxseed powder at 7.5 g/kg of rat/day in the standard rat chow diet and kept as flaxseed control, and Group IV rats supplemented with flaxseed at 7.5 g/kg of rat/day along with HCD and maintained for 15 days.

Results: Group II rats showed higher lipid profile and glucose level. Flaxseed supplementation, along with a high cholesterol diet, drastically restored the serum levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) decreasing frequency of CAD. Histologic investigations showed preserved myocardial walls with minor changes in flaxseed treated rats, whereas increased lymphoid aggregation with inflammation in high fat + flaxseed treated.

Conclusion:  The biochemical assays and histological results showed the moderate cardio-protective activity of flaxseed administration for 15 days along with a high-fat diet was found to moderately reduce the CVD risk in rats.
Effect of Nature-based physical activity on post-traumatic growth among Healthcare providers with post-traumatic Stress: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Noushad Shamoon , Ansari Basit , Ahmed Sadaf , Saleem Yusra
Published: January 2021

Background: In the aftermath of trauma, post-traumatic growth is demarcated as a positive change and traumatic stress as a negative change, which further leads to PTSD. Previous studies have also indicated that both constructs can co-exist. Detailed descriptions of post-traumatic stress reactions are available in the literature, but the psychophysiological phenomenon of post-traumatic growth is still unclear. Studies have shown that the restorative effects of nature-based therapy have been accounted for a reduction in stress and increase positive affect. The purpose of designing this randomized control trial is to observe nature-based walk on post-traumatic growth and Psychophysiological alterations associated with it.

Methodology: This study is designed to examine recreational exposure to the natural environment for the promotion of post-traumatic growth among health care providers with traumatic stress. In addition, to assess whether post-traumatic growth is associated with psychophysiological alterations, i.e. Cortisol, C-Reactive Protein, Interleukin-6, Brain-Derived Neurotropic Factor and Heart Rate Variability. At baseline, the participant will be assessed with Trauma Symptom Checklist 40 to evaluate trauma intensity. Moreover, subjects who had developed PTG or did not have any trauma intensity will be excluded from the study. Blinded treatment will be provided to subjects meeting eligibility criteria and will be randomized into two groups sequentially as they agree to participate. The nature-based walk will be used as an intervention or experimental group vs the control (sit in nature). The study outcomes will be observed at baseline and 3-month follow-up.

Discussion: This trial will provide information on the effectiveness of nature-based walk therapy. Moreover, one of the more promising findings of this research will be essential information about trauma-related psychophysiological effects. This study will also evaluate both (experimental and control) groups that influence whether negative changes accompany positive changes in the aftermath of trauma or not.

Trial registration: The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04592770).
E-book Workflow from Inquiry to Access: Facing the Challenges to Implementing E-book Access at the University of Nevada, Reno
Authors: Beisler Amalia , Kurt Lisa
Published: January 2021

As e-book holdings in academic libraries increase, libraries must face the challenge of how to manage the acquisition and access of both individual and package e-book titles. While libraries have developed workflows to effectively handle electronic journal holdings and packages, e-books do not fit neatly into those models. An e-book workflow shares facets of both monographic and electronic resource acquisition and access, with both title-level and package acquisition and management issues. This article will explore how a cross-departmental team in the University of Nevada, Reno Libraries collaborated to analyze and refine the workflow for the e-book lifecycle, from the point of inquiry through acquisition, access management, and end of life.
Value of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in patients with appendiceal neuroendocrine neoplasms based on clinical follow-ups
Authors: Konsek-Komorowska Sonia Joanna , Kolasińska-Ćwikła Agnieszka Dominika , Cichocki Andrzej , Chrapowicki Eryk , Roszkowska-Purska Katarzyna , Nasierowska-Guttmejer Anna , Ćwikła Jarosław Bogdan
Published: January 2021

Introduction:
Appendiceal neuroendocrine neoplasms (ANEN) constitute a significant proportion of the tumours identified within the appendix.

Aim:
This retrospective study assesses the value of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) in evaluating tumour extent, as well as in follow-up imaging, for those patients with confirmed well (G1) or moderately (G2) differentiated ANEN before or after surgery, and using intention to treat (ITT) analysis.

Material and methods:
Whole body (WB) and SPECT/CT SRS using 99mTc HYNICTOC was performed on 77 patients with confirmed ANEN to assess tumour extent before or after surgery also as follow-up imaging.

Results and discussion:
Of 77 patients, 71 (92%) were found to have NENG1 and 6 (8%) were found to have NENG2 ANEN. Post-surgical imaging restaging was performed on 30 patients. SRS detected active disease in 3 subjects (true positive, TP), and true negative (TN) results were found in 27 cases. Follow-up SRS imaging was performed after surgery with ITT on 47 patients, detecting TP result in single patient and TN in 46 patients, with no false positive or negative results. Sensitivity was shown to be 100%.

Conclusions:
SRS is a precise screening method for identifying the presence of active disease after non radical or extended surgery. However, as the primary treatment of the disease is highly effective, SRS is not a cost-effective choice for post-surgical follow-up screening.
SISTEM PAKAR DIAGNOSA KERUSAKAN PADA LAPTOP MENGGUNAKAN METODE CERTAINTY FACTOR
Authors: Mulyono Heri , Darman Regina Ade , Ramadhan Gefli
Published: January 2021

Laptop merupakan salah satu   peralatan komputasi yang dapat membantu manusia dalam menjalankan aktifitas atau pekerjaan. Penggunaan alat ini cenderung mengalami peningkatan  sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan tuntutan profesi. Dengan banyaknya jumlah pengguna  maka potensi kerusakan pada laptop semakin besar. Permasalahan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana membuat aplikasi yang dapat membantu para user dalam mendiagnosa kerusakan pada laptop. Metode yang digunakan dalam membuat sistem pakar ini adalah certainty factor. Hasil  penelitian ini berupa suatu sistem pakar berbasis desktop yang dapat memberikan informasi tentang masalah, penyebab, dan solusi yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi kerusakan.  Sistem pakar ini telah diuji secara blackbox testing dan semua komponen bekerja sesuai dengan rancangan. Sistem ini juga telah divalidasi oleh pakar dan memperoleh kevalidan sebesar 91,66 % sehingga dapat dinyatakan layak untuk digunakan.

                                                                                                                                                       
Kata Kunci: laptop, sistem pakar, certainty factor.
EFFECT OF SHADE AND SOWING METHOD ON ERYNGIUM FOETIDUM PRODUCTION
Authors: Mozumder Shailendra Nath , Haque M. I. , Zaman M. M. , Shahiduzzaman M.
Published: January 2021

The experiment was conducted at two Regional Spices Research Stations at Gazipur and Magura during July 2012 to June 2014. Experiments were conducted following split plot design with six treatment of two factors of three different shades such as 1) Black mosquito net, 2) Cucurbit trellis and 3) Control (open) and two sowing methods such as i) line sowing with 10cm spacing and ii) Broadcasting were placed in the unit plot. The maximum number of harvested plants (655/m2) and fresh yield (28.52 t/ha) were obtained from broadcast sowing under nylon net shade at Joydebpur while line sowing without shade gave the minimum number of harvested plants (293/m2) and fresh plant yield (16.20 t/ha) at Magura. The maximum gross return (Tk. 4944.2 thousand/ha), net return (TK. 4438.2 thousand/ha) and BCR (1099) was obtained from nylon net shade in broadcast sowing and these was lowest (Tk. 1586.4, 1196.3 thousands/ha and 4.07, respectively) came from line sowing under cucurbits trellis. Cultivation of Eryngium under cucurbits trellis gave early returns that better for fresh leaf production. Open sunlight is less costly but it is not suitable for quality leaf production. Broadcasting sowing under nylon net shade seems better for leaf production and profit.
Determinants of Price Rigidity and Flexibility: Some Survey Evidence for the Pakistan.
Authors: IQBAL NADEEM , AMIN AMJAD , WADOOD ALAM DANISH
Published: January 2021

The objective of the study is to estimate the determinants of price stickiness or flexibility. Data is collected through structured questionnaire from 342 firms, which are selected through stratified random sampling technique from the Industrial Estate of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. To estimate the determinants of price flexibility/rigidity, models are estimated through ordinary least squares technique and binary logistic technique. The most important factors for price stickiness are implicit/explicit price contracts and minimum price volatility. Imperfect competitive market structure, number of regular customers, backward-looking behavior, and credibility of central bank and size of the firm are important determinants of price rigidity. While economic literacy and information set regarding expected inflation make the prices flexible. Study recommend that monetary policy of Pakistan should use other transmission channels of money supply instead of traditional channel, because it is found that the degree of price rigidity is low in Pakistan. Keywords: Price Rigidity, Price Flexibility, Price Contract, Frequency of Price Change.
Rancang Bangun Generator PWM Berbasis Mikrokontroler AVR ATmega
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Chadri Rivanol , Nasrullah Nasrullah
Published: January 2021

PWM is widely used in the fields of automatic control, power electronics and cellular communications. Previous research designed a PWM generator using the OMAP-L138 chip to produce a simple, high-precision, flexible and portable circuit. Another generator uses a single board computer FEZ Panda III and an Arduino board for power inverters. While the FPGA Spartan 3 is also used to generate PWM signals that can vary the duty cycle. In this paper, the PWM signal generator is made using the AVR ATmega8535 microcontroller where the frequency parameters and the output signal duty cycle can be adjusted via the keypad. The signal is tested using a measuring instrument for its accuracy. The ATmega AVR microcontroller family has a timer / counter with one of its operating modes, namely fast PWM. In order to change the frequency and duty cycle as desired, the ICR register is used to store the TOP value and the OCR register for the MAX value. The OCR value determine the duty cycle and the ICR value specify the frequency. The results are the higher the PWM frequency, the greater the value of the measured and desired frequency difference, this is because the large frequency makes ICR register value becomes small even though the frequency divider at minimum value. The difference between measurements and calculations on the Duty Cycle gives the result under 1%. This difference also occurs due to the rounding of the ICR and OCR values, but at a frequency of 20 kHz and a 25% Duty Cycle where the ICR value is 599 and OCR is 116 resulting in the minimum difference in frequency and Duty Cycle. From the experiments that have been carried out, the design of the PWM generator based on the AVR ATmega microcontroller has been successfully realized
Pemanfaatan Data Mining dalam Penentuan Rekomendasi Mustahik (Penerima Zakat)
Authors: Ahmad Andi Abdul malik , Saharuna Zawiyah , Raharjo Muhammad Fajri
Published: January 2021

This study applies data mining in determining recommendations for mustahik. The application is carried out using a classification method with an artificial neural network algorithm where the attributes used are age and type of work of the head of the family, the condition and ownership of the residence, the place of sewage, family monthly income, number of dependents, and diet. Tests are carried out using a combination of values ​​between learning rate, epoch, k-fold, and hidden layer neurons. Based on the test results from the classification process, it is found that the artificial neural network algorithm has the highest accuracy when the number of hidden layer neurons is six, the learning rate is one, the fold is seven, and the number of epochs is 200, which is 92.09%. The test results are then displayed on the Mustahik information system page.
Perancangan Aplikasi Chatbot Sebagai Media E-Learning Bagi Siswa
Authors: Zulkarnain Muhammad Alifyan , Raharjo Muhammad Fajri , Olivya Meylanie
Published: January 2021

The conventional question and answer method has limited time, space and level of understanding from each student so that it becomes an obstacle to the ineffective teaching and learning process. Global pandemic events that have a negative impact on the education sector. So that the teaching and learning process is temporarily stopped at school and diverted online. This study aims to produce a chatbot application as a media for distance learning that helps the teaching and learning process of teachers and students . In practice, This research uses telegram as a chatbot media. The method used for data collection is by interview, literature study, and observation. Testing will be carried out with a black box, calculation of accuracy, and a user acceptance test in the form of distributing questionnaires. The results of this study produce a Chatbot Application as an E-Learning Media for Students that can help teachers in providing distance learning to students efficiently and easily.
Alat Penyiram Tanaman Otomatis Berbasis Arduino menggunakan Internet Of Things (IOT)
Authors: Nabil Azzaky  , Anang Widiantoro
Published: January 2021

Tanaman merupakan makhluk hidup yang penting bagi kebutuhan hidup manusia. Manfaat tanaman bagi manusia adalah sebagai pembersih udara. Air dibutuhkan bagi tanaman untuk pertumbuhan. Selain digunakan pada proses fotosintesis, air juga dimanfaatkan oleh tanaman untuk melarutkan mineral yang diserap akar dari tanah sebagai proses perkembangan tamanaman tersebut. Penyiraman dapat menjaga serta merawat tanaman agar tumbuh dan berkembang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membuat alat yang dapat menyiram tanaman mengunakan perangkat android dengan memanfaatkan koneksi internet untuk kontrol dan monitoring. Dengan menggunakan smartphoneandroid yang sudah ter-install aplikasi blynk dapat berkomunikasi dengan arduino yang menggunakan perangkat tambahan berupa ESP8266 sehingga dapat terhubung melalui koneksi WIFI sehingga memungkinkan user untuk mengontrol dan memonitoring alat penyiram tanaman, dengan cara kerja mengirim perintah on dan off melalui blynk serta menerima data suhu dan kelembaban yang diperoleh dari sensor DHT22. Hasil dari penelitian ini, alat penyiram tanaman mampu bekerja dengan baik, mampu mengontrol penyiraman secara manual dan otomatis. Alat akan menyiram tanaman bila suhu lebih dari 31°C.
Pembentukan Karakter Islami Melalui Budaya Religius (Studi Kasus di MI Al Huda Kedonglo Ngronggot Nganjuk)
Authors: Dewi Miftah Kusuma
Published: January 2021

Perkembangan zaman dengan kecanggihan teknologi yang begitu cepat memiliki dampak besar bagi kehidupan. Walaupun perkembangan teknologi sangat bermanfaat bagi manusia tetapi juga tidak sedikit memiliki dampak buruk. Perkembangan yang semakin cepat ini perlu adanya filter/penyaring supaya manusia dapat menggunakan teknologi dengan benar. Maka sejak dini anak diajarkan tentang pendidikan karakter supaya dapat berperilaku dengan baik. Penting sekali membentuk karakter anak melalui metode pembiasaan di lingkungan keluarga, sekolah dan tempat tinggal dengan nilai-nilai kebaikan, dengan pembiasaan tersebut karakter akan tumbuh dan berkembang secara positif sesuai ajaran Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan pendidikan karakter Islami melalui pembiasaan religius. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Sedangkan data kualitatif diperoleh dari wawancara dengan guru dan kepala madrasah, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh tentang pembiasan-pembiasaan religius yang diterapkan adalah pembiasaan (3S) Senyum, Salam dan Sapa, baca senyap, sholatdhuha berjamaah, SKL madrasah, shalatdhuhur berjamaah dan ekstra kerohanian. Sedangkan mengenai pendidikan karakter Islami melalui pembiasaan religius adalah menerapkan pembiasan religius yang dilakukan setiap hari sebagai proses pembentukan karakter anak untuk berperilaku mulia, taat ibadah, jujur, toleran, peduli lingkungan, bertanggungjawab dan menjadi pondasi akidah bagi anak.The rapid technological sophistication and changes have a big impact on life. Although technological developments are very beneficial for humans, they also have a bad impact. All this requires a filter so that humans can use technology properly. From an early age children are taught about character education so that they could behave well. It is very important to shape children's character through the method of habituation in such environments as family, school and surrounding community with good values. Through such habituation the character will grow and develop positively in accordance with the Islamic teachings. This study aims to describe Islamic character education through religious habituation. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Meanwhile, qualitative data were obtained from interviews with teachers and principals of madrasa, observation and documentation. The results of the research regarding the applied religious habits are so-called 3S (senyum, salam and sapa) silent reading, dhuha prayer in congregation, madrasah SKL, dhuhur prayer in congregation and extra-curricular spiritual activities. Meanwhile, the Islamic character education through religious habituation is performing religious activities every day as a process of building children's character to behave well, be obedient, honest, tolerant, environmental, responsible and become the foundation of children's faith.
Polemik dan Konstribusi al-Shafi’i dalam Diskursus Yurisprudensi Islam
Authors: Aprilianto Dwi , Zahidi Salman
Published: January 2021

Artikel ini mencoba membahas tentang siapa pendiri atau pelopor Usul al-fiqh (prinsip-prinsip fiqih). Pasalnya, ada beberapa wakil dari beberapa kepala madhab yang mengaku sebagai pendiri bidang tersebut. Lantas, benarkah Syafi'i yang dikenal sebagai "ahli arsitek fikih" orang pertama yang merintis bidang usul al-fiqh. al-Syafi'i dikenal sebagai pelopor mazhab qodim dan jadid yang muncul setelah sekian lama belajar di berbagai pusat hukum di seluruh dunia. Lingkungan yang dialaminya memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap perkembangan pemikiran sejarah dan juga menawarkan metode pemikiran yang sistematis, pemikiran logika fiqh.This article tries to discuss the issue of who the founder or pioneer of Usul al-fiqh (the principles of Islamic jurisprudence) is. This is because there are severalal legations from several principal of Madhab claimed they are the founders of the field. So, is it trueal-Shafi'i known as "master architect of jurisprudence" the first person who pioneered the field of Usul al-fiqh. al-Shafi'i is well known as pioneer of "qodim" and "jadid" schools of thought which emerged after a long period of study in various legal centers around the world. This environment he experienced made a significant contribution to the development of historical thought and also offered a method of throught that was systematic, thought the logic of fiqh.