bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The dangers of recreational lasers: A case series of retinal injuries
Authors: Patil Gaurav , Wadgaonkar Surendra , Bhat Ketaki , Sonawane Suhas J.
Published: January 2025

Six male patients, aged 18–34 years, presented with acute vision loss following accidental exposure to laser light during a religious gathering. Comprehensive ophthalmic examinations, including visual acuity, intraocular pressure, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, dilated fundus examination, fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography, were conducted. Two patients had preretinal hemorrhage, and four exhibited macular-involving subhyaloid hemorrhage, with a median size of two-disc diameters or larger. One patient developed a full-thickness macular hole, requiring surgical intervention. Visual acuity improved from 20/200 to 20/60 after 1 month. This study underscores the significant public health risks associated with recreational laser use and emphasizes the urgent need for stricter safety regulations and public awareness to prevent such potentially sight-threatening ocular injuries.
Unilateral focal choroidal excavation in autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy
Authors: Goel Neha
Published: January 2025

Focal choroidal excavation (FCE) refers to one or more areas of localized choroidal excavation seen on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, in the absence of a posterior staphyloma or scleral ectasia. A case of unilateral FCE in a 17-year-old male with autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB) is described with multimodal imaging findings. ARB is a rare inherited retinal dystrophy resulting from mutations in the BEST1 gene. We present the clinical and imaging findings of this unusual association.
Virtual reality-based eye examination at a community-free clinic: A pilot study
Authors: Valadez Jullian , Zhang Howard , Groth Sylvia L.
Published: January 2025

Aims:

This study aims to implement a comprehensive virtual reality (VR) eye examination at a free clinic and to compare its accuracy, time efficiency, and patient satisfaction to the manual examination.

Settings and Design:

Prospective pilot study.

Materials and Methods:

Adult patients attending a monthly clinic underwent standard examination followed by VR visual acuity (VA), visual field (VF), extraocular movements (EOM), pupillometry, and Ishihara testing. The tests were timed, and patient preferences were surveyed.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Mann–Whitney U-test for examination duration, Wilcoxon signed-rank test for patient preferences, and intraclass correlation analysis for VA results.

Results:

Fifty eyes across 25 participants were included. The participants were mostly female (84%) with a median age of 52 years (interquartile range [IQR] 12), and the majority spoke Spanish as their primary language (68%). The VR examination (median 6.61 min, IQR 3.35), excluding 3 min of tutorials, was significantly faster than the manual examination (median 17 min, IQR 9.5, P < 0.001). The VR far VA results positively correlated with the manual examination (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.628, P < 0.001). The VR VF, EOM, pupil, and Ishihara color test results matched the manual examination (no abnormal findings were missed). Eighty-two percent of survey participants preferred the VR examination, which received high ratings in physical comfort (mean 4.45/5, standard deviation [SD] 0.89) and interface (mean 4.55/5, SD 0.84) as compared to the manual examination (mean 4.14/5, SD 0.92, P = 0.074).

Conclusions:

Our study identified a VR-based examination that increased the scope of ocular testing, efficiency, and patient satisfaction in a free clinic.
Spectral domain optical coherence tomography findings predicting visual outcome in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment undergoing retinal detachment surgery
Authors: Shah Pankti , Desai Tejas H
Published: January 2025

Purpose:

The purpose of the study was to investigate spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings as predictors of visual outcomes in patients undergoing retinal detachment (RD) surgery for rhegmatogenous RD (RRD).

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study was conducted on 50 eyes diagnosed with RRD, aged between 10 and 80 years, who underwent RD surgery at a tertiary eye care hospital between September 2018 and February 2020. Comprehensive ophthalmic evaluations were performed, and SD-OCT images were analyzed in addition to clinical assessments.

Results:

Significant improvements were observed in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT) at the end of the 12th week, with mean values of 0.79 ± 0.34 (range: 0.30–1.78) and 261.72 ± 58.13 (range: 201–433), respectively. Postoperatively, epiretinal membrane was detected in 14 (28%) patients, whereas external limiting membrane (ELM) disruption was noted in 8 (16.0%) patients. The percentage of photoreceptor inner segment/outer segment (IS/OS) disruption in RRD patients was 11 (22.0%), and 8 (16.0%) patients had subretinal fluid (SRF). Intraretinal fluid was absent in all patients postoperatively.

Conclusion:

High-resolution imaging by SD-OCT facilitates the interpretation of retinal anatomy and enables the detection of clinically nonevident structures. ELM disruption, IS/OS disruption, and the presence of SRF were associated with poor visual outcomes. While no statistically significant difference was found in the presence of SRF between macula-on and macula-off RRD patients, ELM and IS/OS disruption was observed only in macula-off RRD cases. Overall, macula-on patients showed improvements in BCVA and CFT at the end of the 12 weeks compared to macula-off RRD patients following RD surgery.
Potential of hospital corneal retrieval program in tertiary care center
Authors: Weladi Ujwala , Chaurasia Snehal Bonde
Published: January 2025

Context:

In developing nations, corneal diseases are the second leading cause of blindness. Despite the effectiveness of corneal transplantation, India struggles with a substantial corneal blind population and inadequate access to quality donor corneal tissue. Addressing this gap between demand and supply is essential to combat the prevalence of corneal blindness.

Aims:

The aim of this study is to study the potential of hospital-based cornea retrieval program (HRCP) at tertiary care center.

Subjects and Methods:

A retrospective, record-based study was conducted, encompassing all hospital deaths at a tertiary center over a 2-year period from January 2016 to December 2017. Data regarding demographic profiles and causes of death due to systemic diseases were collected from the medical records. The study analyzed the number of patients from whom corneal retrieval could have been possible, after excluding those patients in whom corneal retrieval was contraindicated as per the guidelines of the National Program for Control of Blindness.

Results:

In 2016, a total of 6001 deaths occurred at the tertiary care center, with 2345 (39.01%) contraindicated for donor corneal retrieval. Corneas were retrieved from 42 patients, resulting in 84 corneal buttons and a retrieval rate of 0.70% of total deaths, while the potential corneal retrieval rate was 60.92%. In 2017, out of 5532 deaths, 2066 (37.38%) were contraindicated for donor corneal retrieval. Corneas were retrieved from 82 patients, yielding 164 corneal buttons and reflecting a retrieval rate of 1.48% of total deaths, with the potential corneal retrieval rate at 62.65%.

Conclusions:

The study highlights the potential and effectiveness of the hospital cornea retrieval program (HCRP) in a tertiary care center, with retrieval rates improving from 0.70% in 2016 to 1.48% in 2017. The gap between actual and potential retrieval rates highlights the need for better strategies. Addressing cultural barriers, superstitions, and the lack of local eye banks are crucial. Enhancing public awareness through trained counselors in hospitals and regular reorientation of medical personnel can significantly improve eye donation programs, benefiting patients awaiting corneal transplants, and reducing corneal blindness.
Assessment of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and mean platelet volume in patients with diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Ghosh Trisha , Thakur Sanjay Kumar Daulat , Ghosh Premangshu , Sengupta Trina
Published: January 2025

Objective:

The objective of this study was to assess the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume (MPV) and to compare these parameter levels between DR and non-DR (NDR) subjects.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 patients with a definite diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the ophthalmology outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital. We obtained blood samples from all individuals who participated in the study to investigate these parameters.

Results:

Sixty subjects were included in this study: 30 in the DR group and 30 in the NDR group. The mean NLR, PLR, and MPV levels were higher in DR subjects than in NDR subjects (NLR: 2.49 ± 0.82 in DR group vs. 1.94 ± 0.75 in NDR group, P = 0.003; PLR: 114.82 ± 5.08 in DR group vs. 104.5 ± 6.73 in NDR group, P = 0.01; and MPV: 11.08 ± 1.28 in DR group vs. 9.92 ± 1.63 in NDR group, P = 0.003).

Conclusion:

The higher NLR, PLR, and MPV levels found in patients with DR may indicate that subclinical systemic inflammation may be associated with DR. Understanding the potential association between NLR, PLR, MPV, and DR holds promise in providing valuable clinical information for the early detection and effective management of DR. Moreover, unraveling the underlying mechanisms linking these ratios with the pathophysiology of DR could contribute to the development of targeted screening and therapeutic interventions.
Social Media Enabled Public Value Creation for A Saudi Arabian Municipality: A Critical Realism Paradigm Perspective
Authors: Althagafi Dr. Turkey , Alghamdi Abeer
Published: January 2025

Globally, government organizations including local government agencies have become progressively interested in using social media applications to open new venues of interactions with citizens. Due to the nature of social media applications in terms of users’ ability to generate content, a higher level of engagement is expected to take place for not only to deliver public services but also to design as well as render innovative public services. Despite the growth in literature on social media, there is still a limited understanding on what mechanisms should be employed to create public value by using social media applications. This study therefore aims to identify the causal mechanisms and other enabling other conditions that jointly explain public value creation using social media applications. To address this concern, we report on the development of a model to investigate public value creation using social media applications. The model has been empirically evaluated using a qualitative case study in a large Saudi Arabian Municipality from a critical realism perspective. The model and empirical evidence together contribute towards establishing a theoretical foundation for research into the impact of social media applications for public value creation. In addition, municipality managers can learn useful lessons drawing on our findings. The study also presents a methodological contribution to social media research by providing insights into the application of critical realism ontology and methodology for assessing public value creation through the use of social media applications.
Human Activity Recognition with Smartphones Using Machine Learning
Authors: Alghamdi Wejdan , Alshahrani Ameerah , Otaif Nehal , Alqurashi Najlaa
Published: January 2025

Human activity recognition is widely used now in many applications, such as smart homes, health care, and business as well as in a wide range of pattern recognition and human-computer interaction research. In this paper, we use the same sensors embedded in smartphones (Accelerometer and Gyroscope) to track and recognize human activities.  We employ a machine-learning algorithm, which is the Support Vector Machine (SVM) to improve the performance of human activity recognition. The experimental results on the HAR Dataset from the UCI repository indicate that our approach is practical and achieves 96% accuracy.
Comparison of Paired Immunofluorescent Antibody Serology and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing for the Detection of Acute Q Fever among Febrile Patients in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania, 2012–2014
Authors: Rolfe Robert J. , Crump John A. , Maro Venance P. , Mmbaga Blandina T. , Saganda Wilbrod , Lwezaula Bingileki F. , Couturier Marc Roger , Hymas Weston C. , Perniciaro Jamie L. , Nicholson William L. , Kersh Gilbert J. , Rubach Matthew P.
Published: January 2025

Acute Q fever diagnosis via paired serology is problematic because it requires follow-up for convalescent sample collection; as such, it cannot provide a diagnosis to inform a treatment decision at the time of acute presentation. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) may be a useful approach for the diagnosis of acute Q fever in endemic settings. Among febrile patients enrolled in a sentinel surveillance study for Q fever at two referral hospitals in Moshi, Tanzania, from 2012 to 2014, we analyzed those with paired sera for IgG to Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) phase II antigens using immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) testing, and acute serum was tested for C. burnetii with PCR. Acute Q fever was defined as a fourfold or greater rise from the acute to convalescent sample in IFA reciprocal titer or PCR detection that was confirmed through repeat testing. Test characteristics were tabulated. Among 496 participants tested using both paired IFA and PCR testing, 463 (93.3%) tested negative on both IFA and PCR, five (1.0%) tested positive for Q fever on both IFA and PCR, and 28 (5.6%) tested positive for Q fever on IFA alone. The sensitivity of PCR testing using paired IFA testing as an index was 0.15 (5/33), and the specificity was 1 (463/463). C. burnetii PCR testing provides a clinically specific method that may aid in timely diagnosis in settings in which acute Q fever is a common cause of febrile illness. However, we found a low clinical sensitivity of PCR testing on serum when compared with paired IFA serology.
Initial Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Hepatic Fascioliasis and Serological and Radiological Response After Triclabendazole Treatment
Authors: Won Eun Jeong , Kim Kyung-Won , Chang Eui-Jin , Bae Seongman , Jung Jiwon , Chong Yong Pil , Lee Sang-Oh , Choi Sang-Ho , Kim Yang Soo , Kim Sung-Han , Kim Min Jae
Published: January 2025

Fascioliasis, a food-borne trematodiasis, is a disease primarily identified in livestock, such as sheep and cattle. Human fascioliasis has been reported sporadically in Korea, but a recent increase in patients has been associated with a green vegetable juice delivery service. We aimed to investigate the serological and radiological findings of the patients treated for fascioliasis. Patients with peripheral eosinophilia, which is a positive antibody for Fasciola hepatica (F. hepatica) and liver abscess, were considered to have fascioliasis and were treated with triclabendazole at a dose of 10 mg/kg, administered twice. A total of 21 patients diagnosed with fascioliasis were included. Patients were categorized into the early and late diagnosis groups according to the time gap between the presentation and diagnosis. A comparison of initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between the two groups revealed a filling defect of the bile duct that was more commonly observed in the late diagnosis group (72.7% versus 0%; P = 0.003). Hepatic abscess lesions resolved slowly, with 14.3%, 50%, and 85.7% of patients showing complete resolution on computed tomography 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment, respectively. The mean levels of anti-F. hepatica antibodies decreased after a 6-month follow-up (mean levels, onset versus 6-month, 12-month, or 24-month follow-up; 4.36 versus 3.29, 3.17, or 2.31, respectively; all P <0.01). Eosinophil counts reduced significantly 1 month after treatment and remained normal thereafter in both groups. This study suggests that MRI could be useful for diagnosing fascioliasis in a subgroup of patients and that hepatic abscesses and positive antibody results could last for several months after treatment.
Cross-Protection between West Nile Virus and Emerging Flaviviruses in Wild Birds
Authors: Bosco-Lauth Angela M. , Kooi Kris , Hawks Seth A. , Duggal Nisha K.
Published: January 2025

West Nile virus (WNV), St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), and Usutu virus (USUV) are zoonotic flaviviruses that cause neuroinvasive disease in humans and are maintained in overlapping avian-mosquito transmission cycles. West Nile virus and SLEV cocirculate in the United States, and WNV and USUV cocirculate in Europe. Cross-reactivity of immune responses against closely related flaviviruses is well documented. In birds, prior infection with WNV provides strong protection against SLEV genotype II and V infection, which may explain the decrease in SLEV circulation in the United States after WNV emergence in 1999. However, in 2015, a new SLEV genotype (III) emerged in the United States, suggesting that WNV immunity in birds may not provide cross-protection against this SLEV genotype. Here, we tested whether prior WNV infection protects birds against infection with SLEV genotype III, as well as USUV. First, we established a house sparrow (Passer domesticus) model of infection for SLEV genotype III. We then inoculated house sparrows with WNV and, 4 weeks later, challenged WNV-immune birds with SLEV genotype III or USUV. All birds were completely protected against secondary challenge, with no viremia detected. Low levels of cross-neutralizing antibodies against SLEV and USUV were found in the blood prior to secondary challenge. However, two naturally WNV-exposed house sparrows did develop SLEV genotype III and USUV viremia after inoculation. These results indicate that experimental WNV infection may protect birds against infection with SLEV genotype III and USUV; however, additional studies to investigate the role of avian immunity in flavivirus emergence are necessary.
Geospatial Analysis of Multilevel Socioenvironmental Factors Impacting the Campylobacter Burden among Infants in Rural Eastern Ethiopia: A One Health Perspective
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Chen Dehao , Liang Song , Hassen Jemal Y. , McKune Sarah L. , Havelaar Arie H. , Blackburn Jason K.
Published: January 2025

Increasing attention has focused on health outcomes of Campylobacter infections among children younger than 5 years in low-resource settings. Recent evidence suggests that colonization by Campylobacter species contributes to environmental enteric dysfunction, malnutrition, and growth faltering in young children. Campylobacter species are zoonotic, and factors from humans, animals, and the environment are involved in transmission. Few studies have assessed geospatial effects of environmental factors along with human and animal factors on Campylobacter infections. Here, we leveraged Campylobacter Genomics and Environmental Enteric Dysfunction project data to model multiple socioenvironmental factors on Campylobacter burden among infants in eastern Ethiopia. Stool samples from 106 infants were collected monthly from birth through the first year of life (December 2020–June 2022). Genus-specific TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect and quantify Campylobacter spp. and calculate cumulative Campylobacter burden for each child as the outcome variable. Thirteen regional environmental covariates describing topography, climate, vegetation, soil, and human population density were combined with household demographics, livelihoods/wealth, livestock ownership, and child–animal interactions as explanatory variables. We dichotomized continuous outcome and explanatory variables and built logistic regression models for the first and second halves of the infant’s first year of life. Infants being female, living in households with cattle, reported to have physical contact with animals, or reported to have mouthed soil or animal feces had increased odds of higher cumulative Campylobacter burden. Future interventions should focus on infant-specific transmission pathways and create adequate separation of domestic animals from humans to prevent potential fecal exposures.
The Human Footprint and Climate Change Shape Current and Future Scenarios of Visceral Leishmaniasis Distribution in Doce River Basin in Brazil
Authors: Monteiro Josefa Clara Lafuente , Ribeiro Sérvio Pontes , Vieira Duarte Rafael , Lira-Noriega Andrés , Rojas-Soto Octavio R. , Carneiro Mariângela , Reis Alexandre Barbosa , Coura-Vital Wendel
Published: January 2025

The identification of factors that influence the distribution of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is key for future surveillance and control. This study sought to understand how environmental and climate variables can interfere with VL expansion in the Doce River basin located in Brazil. This ecological study explored the influence of anthropogenic, environmental, and climatic factors on VL expansion. Ecological niche modeling was used to assess the current situation and predict the future spread of the disease. The study used 855 human cases of VL recorded in the Doce River basin from 2001-2018 and analyzed them within the context of climatic and environmental variables. To model the current and future distributions, MaxEnt with the kuenm R package was used. To model the future projections, the global climate model of the National Centre for Meteorological Research (CNRM-CM6-1) was used as well as two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP370 and SSP585) for 2021–2040 and 2061–2080. Variables that contributed to the VL distribution were the human footprint index (62.6%), isothermality (28.1%), precipitation during the wettest month (6.4%), and temperature during the hottest month (3.8%). Future climate change scenarios showed areas suitable for the disease increasing over time (by about 7% between 2021 and 2041 and about 12% between 2061 and 2080) and the maintenance of the disease in places already considered endemic. Our results demonstrate the importance of anthropic and climatic factors in VL expansion. We hope that these results will contribute to boosting surveillance and vector control programs along the Doce River basin.
Successful Treatment of Chromoblastomycosis caused by Cladophialophora carrionii with Itraconazole: Clinicopathology, Susceptibility, and Molecular Identification of a Case in Northern China
Authors: Li Yalong , Song Yinggai , Wang Aiping
Published: January 2025

Chromoblastomycosis (CBM), a prevalent subcutaneous mycosis in tropical and subtropical regions caused by dematiaceous fungi, often presents as refractory lesions. This case report details a 63-year-old woman from Tianjin, China, with CBM caused by Cladophialophora carrionii after plant trauma. Successful treatment with itraconazole was performed. After 3 months, the lesions improved significantly. The case highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis and tailored antifungal therapy, as well as the need for long-term follow-up because of the chronic nature of the disease.
Penyuluhan Pengaruh Pemberian Makanan Tambahan Terhadap Peningkatan Berat Badan Gizi Kurang Pada Balita di Posyandu Wilayah Kerinjing
Authors: Sastri Nen
Published: January 2025

Gizi kurang atau gizi buruk merupakan kondisi kekurangan gizi akut yang dinilai berdasarkan berat badan menurut panjang badan atau tinggi badan (BB/PB atau BB/TB). Gizi kurang adalah anak usia 6-59 bulan dengan BB/ PB atau BB/TB <-2 SD atau nilai Lingkar Lengan Atas (LiLA) antara ≥11,5 cm namun <12,5 cm  hingga <-3 SD atau nilai LiLA<11,5 cm.  Balita berisiko gizi kurang atau gizi buruk yang perlu dirujuk adalah: Balita (6-59 bulan) dengan LiLA kuning (11,5 - < 12,5 cm) dan merah (<11,5 cm), Balita yang mengalami hambatan pertumbuhan. Balita dengan pitting edema bilateral, Balita yang tampak kurus, Bayi < 6 bulan yang mengalami kesulitan menyusu baik disebabkan karena faktor bayi maupun faktor ibu [1]. Berdasarkan data posyandu di desa Kerinjing selama 3 tahun terakhir terlihat peningkatan berat badan balita gizi kurang dengan melakukan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang pemberian makanan tambahan. Metode yang digunakan pendidikan masyarakat (penyuluhan) dan konsultasi. Sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan ibu diberikan pertanyaan dengan hasil dari 18 responden ibu yang mempunyai pengetahuan baik yaitu 2 ibu (11,11%), pengetahuan cukup sebanyak 9 ibu (50%), pengetahuan kurang yaitu 7 ibu (38,89%). Setelah dilakukan penyuluhan ibu kembali diberikan pertanyaan dengan hasil dari 18 responden ibu yang mempunyai pengetahuan baik yaitu 13 ibu (72,22%), pengetahuan cukup sebanyak 5 ibu (27,78%). Simpulan: setelah dilakukan penyuluhan pengetahuan ibu meningkat lebih baik dibandingkan sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan.
Evaluasi Program Dokter Gigi Kecil dalam Usaha Kesehatan Gigi Sekolah di SD IT Asshodiqiyah Semarang
Authors: Christiono Sandy , Amalina Rizki , Pradopo Seno , Yuniar Savira Nurazky
Published: January 2025

Karies masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan yang signifikan di Indonesia. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keberhasilan kaderisasi dokter gigi kecil yang telah dilaksanakan setahun sebelumnya di SD IT Asshodiqiyah Semarang. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan mengukur tingkat pengetahuan peserta didik mengenai kesehatan gigi dan mulut melalui kuis interaktif, serta pemeriksaan kondisi gigi dan mulut siswa. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan peserta didik terhadap kesehatan gigi dan mulut cukup baik, dengan nilai rata-rata tinggi pada kuis teka-teki silang. Meskipun demikian, pemeriksaan intraoral masih menemukan masalah kesehatan gigi, seperti karies dan gigi yang perlu dicabut, yang menunjukkan perlunya penanganan lebih lanjut. Kader dokter gigi kecil yang terlibat dalam program ini menunjukkan kemampuan yang baik dalam menyampaikan materi edukasi kepada teman sebaya, dengan metode peer teaching sebagai pendekatan utama. Kerjasama antara sekolah, puskesmas, dan kader dokter gigi kecil menjadi kunci keberhasilan dan keberlanjutan program Usaha Kesehatan Gigi Sekolah (UKGS).
PENGARUH MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN GEOGEBRA DAN TEKA TEKI SILANG (TTS) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI-4 SMA NEGERI 3 SALATIGA
Authors: Nahar Kamelia , Nikmah Anna Royyana , Kriswandani Kriswandani
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by GeoGebra and Crossword Puzzles on the learning outcomes of 11th-grade students (class XI-4) at SMA Negeri 3 Salatiga. The research method used is experimental research with 26 students from class XI-4 at SMA Negeri 3 Salatiga during the 2024/2025 academic year as the subjects. The design used in this study is the One-Group Pretest-Posttest design. The data collection techniques in this study include tests and observations. The data analysis technique used in this study is the Wilcoxon test. The results of the study indicate that the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by GeoGebra and Crossword Puzzles has a significant effect on the learning outcomes of 11th-grade students (class XI-4) at SMA Negeri 3 Salatiga. This is evident from the Wilcoxon test results with a significance value of 0.017 < 0.05, which shows that there is a difference in the average pretest and posttest results, where the average score after being taught using the Problem Based Learning model assisted by GeoGebra and Crossword Puzzles is 70.96, while the average score before the application of the model was 57.88. This means that the average score after being taught using the Problem Based Learning model assisted by GeoGebra and Crossword Puzzles is better or has a positive effect compared to the average score before the model was applied. Additionally, the use of the Problem Based Learning model assisted by GeoGebra and Crossword Puzzles is also able to increase students' activity, motivation, conceptual understanding, and interest in mathematics learning, while creating interactive learning with technology integration.
PREDIKSI HARGA EMAS MENGGUNAKAN METODE AVERAGE BASED FUZZY TIME SERIES
Authors: Rizal Yusmet , Ramadhani Suci
Published: January 2025

This research aims to analyze and predict gold prices using the Average Based Fuzzy Time Series method. By utilizing historical data on daily gold prices from March 2034 to July 2024, this research identifies existing patterns and trends to produce accurate predictions. The method used Average Based Fuzzy Time Series (ABFTS) allows processing data with irregular fluctuations, thus providing more stable and reliable results. The analysis results show that the developed forecasting model has good accuracy, measured by the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), which shows a low error rate. This research also identifies factors that influence gold prices, providing useful insights for investors in making investment decisions. Thus, this research makes a significant contribution to the field of commodity price forecasting, especially gold, and offers practical recommendations for investors and policy makers
IMPLEMENTASI NEAREST NEIGHBOR METHODS DAN CLOSED INSERTION METHODS PADA PENENTUAN RUTE BUS TRANS METRO DELI MENUJU PUSAT KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Yuniar Nana , Panjaitan Dedy Juliandri
Published: January 2025

One of the factors causing traffic jams is the use of too many private vehicles. The government is making efforts by introducing the Trans Metro Deli Bus to make it easier for people to travel, especially to the center of Medan City. However, people do not know the effective route to take to minimize the distance and time traveled. The aim of this research is to compile the Deli Trans Metro Bus route into a graph and determine the fastest route between the two routes, namely the Amplas - Merdeka Field route and the Tembung - Merdeka Field route. The data used is travel route data and distances between Trans Metro Deli Bus stops. The methods used are nearest neighbor methods and closed insertion methods. The research results obtained are that the two Trans Metro Deli Bus routes can be represented in graphs, then the Amplas - Merdeka Square route is effectively faster to the center of Medan City with a distance of 18.62 km compared to the Tembung - Merdeka Square route. The results of this research will make it easier for people who want to take a faster route to the center of Medan City.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Hasibuan Eka Khairani , Armanto Dian , Amry Zul
Published: January 2025

This research examines the effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in mathematics education through a systematic analysis of 27 research journals. The study focuses on the implementation of PBL in enhancing critical thinking abilities, problem-solving skills, mathematical literacy, as well as student motivation and learning outcomes. Meta-analysis results indicate that PBL has significant positive effects on critical thinking abilities in mathematics learning (g=0.769) and science (g=1.122). Comparative studies suggest that PBL is more effective than conventional learning in improving critical thinking skills and learning motivation. Several classroom action research studies report improvements in learning mastery and student mathematics achievement following PBL implementation. However, PBL implementation also faces challenges such as student passivity, teacher readiness, time management, and difficulties in achieving Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) indicators. The development of PBL-based learning tools and interactive media shows promising results in enhancing learning effectiveness. This research concludes that PBL is an effective approach for developing higher-order thinking skills and conceptual understanding in mathematics, although its success depends on teacher readiness and adequate learning system support.
TRANSFORMASI PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA DI ERA TEKNOLOGI: KAJIAN FILSAFAT TENTANG IMPLIKASI IPTEK
Authors: Susanti Ade , Jainuri Muhammad , Asyhar Rayandra
Published: January 2025

The transformation of mathematics education in the technological era has presented significant new challenges and opportunities in the learning process. The main problems faced include unequal access to technology, lack of teacher training, and resistance to changes in traditional teaching methods. To understand the impact and implications of this transformation, this study uses a literature review method that includes a variety of sources, including journal articles, books, and recent research reports. The subjects analyzed included various technological tools used in mathematics education, such as interactive software and online learning platforms, as well as pedagogical approaches that support technology integration. The analysis results show that the application of technology in mathematics education can improve students' understanding of concepts, interactivity, and engagement and provide better accessibility to learning resources. However, challenges such as lack of adequate training and access gaps remain obstacles that must be addressed. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of continuous support for teachers and students to maximize the potential of technology in education. With the right approach, this transformation can create a more inclusive and effective learning environment, preparing students to face the challenges of an increasingly digital world
STUDI KOMPARASI METODE SVM-SMOTE DAN SMOTE-TOMEK DALAM MENGATASI IMBALANCE CLASS MENGGUNAKAN MODEL XGBOOST PADA KLASIFIKASI RUMAH TANGGA PENERIMA KUR
Authors: Yanuari Eka Dicky Darmawan , Yudhianto Rachmat Bintang , Ulfia Ratu Risha , Sartono Bagus , Firdawanti Aulia Rizki
Published: January 2025

This study aims to compare the SMOTE, SVM-SMOTE, and SMOTE-Tomek methods using the XGBoost model in overcoming the problem of class imbalance and to determine the factors that affect the status of KUR recipients in West Java Province. Three XGBoost models with class balancing techniques SMOTE, SVM-SMOTE and SMOTE-Tomek were applied to SUSENAS data of West Java Province in 2023 consisting of 1 response variable and 19 predictor variables. The results showed that the XGBoost model with the SMOTE balancing method produced better accuracy in overall data classification, but was less effective in classifying minority classes as reflected by low sensitivity and F1-Score values. The XGBoost model with the SMOTE-Tomek balancing method showed better performance in capturing minority classes with higher sensitivity and F1-Score values. The most influential variables in this model in order are per capita expenditure, urban/rural classification, motorcycle ownership, dwelling wall materials and land ownership. Per capita expenditure has the largest influence on the classification of KUR recipients, indicating that household financial management is a major factor in lending decisions. Urban/rural classification and motorcycle ownership also contributed significantly, reflecting differences in social and economic access between regions. Overall, economic factors, infrastructure and social accessibility are the main considerations in determining KUR recipient households in West Java Province.
ANALISIS FAKTOR PENYEBAB PENYAKIT TBC DI JAWA BARAT MENGGUNAKAN REGRESI BINOMIAL NEGATIF
Authors: Zeanova Humaira , Taniwan Peter , Aulia Putri Rahma , Yusti Faidah Defi
Published: January 2025

The realization of "Indonesia Emas 2045" is significantly determined by the current Golden Generation. It is expected that this generation possesses high competence, quality, and innovation. As the most populous province in Indonesia, West Java plays a crucial role in achieving the vision of "Indonesia Emas 2045," particularly in the Human Development pillar through the enhancement of health standards. However, infectious diseases have become a major barrier to realizing this vision, with tuberculosis (TB) being one of the most prevalent. In 2023, there were 204,934 reported TB cases in West Java. Therefore, this study aims to identify the factors influencing the number of TB cases in West Java. The data type for TB cases is count data, thus the approach used in this study is Poisson regression, with Negative Binomial regression as an alternative to address overdispersion. The results indicate that the number of community health centers (X1), the percentage of standard-compliant drinking water facilities (X2), and the Air Quality Index (X4) have a significant impact on the number of TB cases in West Java. This is demonstrated by the p-value of each variable, where variables X1, X2, and X4 all have a p-value of 0.0, except for the percentage of households with adequate sanitation (X3), which has a p-value of 0.063 in the Negative Binomial regression. Based on these factors, it is hoped that the government can optimize related programs and facilities to reduce the number of TB cases in West Java and contribute to realizing one of the pillars of "Indonesia Emas 2045."
Desafíos políticos de la Educación Física en Chile. Una perspectiva basada en Paulo Freire y Hanna Arendt.
Authors: Guerrero Lacoste Sebastián , Mujica Johnson Felipe
Published: January 2025

Este ensayo tiene por objetivo reflexionar sobre los desafíos políticos que enfrenta la Educación Física en Chile en función de los aportes de Freire y Arendt. Esta disciplina pedagógica en su trayectoria a nivel internacional ha tenido una pluralidad de perspectivas epistemológicas. Durante los últimos años en Chile se han generado algunos debates en torno a la salud y la motricidad donde se confrontan perspectivas distintas, que no necesariamente han sido concebidas desde la pluralidad, lo cual da cuenta de un conflicto político en torno a la disciplina y a sus expresiones en documentos curriculares; por ello, entendiendo el diálogo como un componente político fundamental, se considera pertinente que a nivel nacional se generen espacios democráticos de conversación y debate que contribuyan a desarrollar propuestas curriculares representativas de las colectividades que son parte de la Educación Física chilena.
Análisis de factibilidad para la implementación de una cafetería ecológica en la ciudad de Tulcán.
Authors: Montes De Oca Sánchez Jimena Elizabeth , Valle Fiallos Betty Giomara , Ramírez Rodríguez Beatriz Elizabeth , Rosero Erazo María Belén
Published: January 2025

Este estudio analiza la viabilidad y sostenibilidad de abrir una cafetería ecológica en Tulcán, Ecuador, una ciudad con creciente interés en prácticas sostenibles y productos orgánicos. Se utilizó una metodología mixta, combinando elementos cualitativos y cuantitativos, enfocada en los residentes de Tulcán. Se seleccionó una muestra de 381 personas, tras aplicar una fórmula a la población económicamente activa (PEA). El análisis incluyó el mercado local, la competencia, las preferencias de los consumidores y las oportunidades disponibles. El diagnóstico socioeconómico reveló una alta demanda de productos sustentables y una receptividad positiva hacia el consumo responsable, posicionando este proyecto como un modelo de cambio en la región.
Análisis de la facturación electrónica en los negocios del cantón Pastaza: impactos, retos y perspectivas empresariales.
Authors: Navas Espín Galo Renato , Dávila Jácome Pietra Catalina , Navas Dávila Renato Mathias , Arias Collaguazo Wilmer Medardo
Published: January 2025

La facturación electrónica optimiza la administración financiera, mejora la gestión de recursos y aumenta la claridad en las transacciones también permite la entrega ágil de facturas, lo que realza la satisfacción del cliente. Este estudio tiene como finalidad evaluar la adopción de la facturación electrónica en las empresas del cantón Pastaza, identificando los beneficios, obstáculos y retos que enfrentan los emprendedores. Se emplearon métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos para el análisis, con encuestas y revisiones de literatura. Aunque el 82% de los empresarios está familiarizado y el 78% ha recibido formación, el 50% aún encuentra dificultades. La facturación electrónica no solo reduce costos y mejora la eficiencia, sino que también es ecológica y favorece la experiencia del cliente.
Perspectivas legales de la heteronormatividad en Ecuador: la adopción en una sociedad de normas tradicionales.
Authors: Salame Ortiz Mónica Alexandra , Cepeda Luna Carlos David , Diego Francisco Diego Francisco
Published: January 2025

A lo largo de la historia, la sociedad ha desarrollado ideologías que han influido en la creación de preceptos jurídicos, científicos, morales y éticos, estableciendo un equilibrio social. Entre estas ideologías, el conservadurismo ha dejado una marca significativa en el Derecho y su contexto jurídico. La heteronormatividad, basada en el binarismo de género ha influido profundamente en diversos aspectos de la sociedad, incluyendo la familia, considerada la célula fundamental del orden social. Este trabajo exploratorio-explicativo analiza cómo esta ideología ha afectado al Derecho de Familia, particularmente en la institución de la adopción, donde se evidencian influencias heteronormativas en los planteamientos legislativos.
Impacto de los derechos en la problemática de violencia de género en la Universidad Regional Autónoma de Los Andes (UNIANDES).
Authors: Guambo Llerena Miguel Angel , Toro Camacho Kevin José , Castillo Barreno Anthony Gabriel , Guerrero Contero Pamela Alejandra
Published: January 2025

La presente investigación examina la violencia de género en Ecuador, destacando la prevalencia de la violencia psicológica que afecta a un alto porcentaje de mujeres, según el INEC. Basado en definiciones de organismos internacionales como las Naciones Unidas, se analiza cómo universidades, como Uniandes, reproducen estructuras de poder que perpetúan estereotipos de género y vulnerabilidad. También se identifican factores socioeconómicos y culturales que agravan la violencia, y se evalúan los marcos legales y políticas en Ecuador para enfrentar este problema. La investigación utiliza una metodología mixta, combinando análisis cualitativos y cuantitativos, enfocada en los estudiantes de Derecho de Uniandes.
Evaluación de los derechos de los grupos de atención prioritaria en la legislación ecuatoriana: estudio aplicado en la parroquia La Dolorosa del Priorato, Ibarra.
Authors: Isea Argüelles Josía Jeseff , Castillo Monar Romina Silvana , Moreno Galarraga Samantha Belén , Loyo Vaca Fátima Marcela
Published: January 2025

El trabajo investigativo analiza el desconocimiento de los derechos de los grupos de atención prioritaria en la parroquia La Dolorosa del Priorato, cantón Ibarra, durante el periodo de noviembre a abril del 2023-2024. Se identificó un bajo nivel de conocimiento sobre estos derechos, establecidos en la Constitución ecuatoriana, lo que motivó el desarrollo de una propuesta interpretativa para los residentes de la parroquia. Mediante encuestas y un cuestionario dicotómico, se determinaron las causas del desconocimiento, revelando un déficit en la comprensión de los derechos de estos grupos vulnerables. Para abordar esta situación, se propusieron actividades como la distribución de volantes, charlas informativas y la creación de un video educativo para su difusión en internet.
Análisis jurídico y ético de la propiedad intelectual en el contexto de la inteligencia artificial.
Authors: Silva Andrade Guido Javier , Machado Maliza Mesías Elías , Cuji León Stalin Daniel , Maji Gusqui Erick Daniel
Published: January 2025

Esta investigación examina la delicada relación entre la ética, la inteligencia artificial (IA) y la propiedad intelectual. Con el avance de la IA en la creación de obras de arte, música y literatura, surgen preguntas sobre la autoría y la protección legal de estas producciones. Se analiza la evolución de la IA y su impacto en los conceptos tradicionales de propiedad intelectual, especialmente en torno a la propiedad de los derechos de autor de obras generadas por IA; además, se consideran las implicaciones para otros derechos de propiedad intelectual, así como los desafíos éticos que plantea, como la perpetuación de sesgos en los datos utilizados para entrenar a los sistemas de IA.
Enfoques contemporáneos en la defensa de la existencia, autonomía y bienestar de la fauna ecuatoriana.
Authors: Usinia Morales Valeria Alejandra , Cepeda Luna Carlos David , Espinosa Pico Pablo Ermely
Published: January 2025

Este estudio se ha orientado a analizar el marco legal de Ecuador, Colombia y Bolivia respecto al reconocimiento de los derechos de los animales y su influencia en las políticas públicas de bienestar animal. Se realizó un análisis comparativo de las legislaciones en cada país, al revisar las normativas, implementaciones y desafíos asociados al reconocimiento de los animales como seres sintientes; por consiguiente, se ha concluido que la protección de los derechos de los animales en Ecuador requiere de adaptar a un enfoque legislativo a la altura del implementado en Colombia. Conjuntamente, se debe fortalecer la infraestructura judicial y educativa para lograr una implementación exitosa de las normativas sobre bienestar animal.
La problemática de la pena de muerte, tendencias y posiciones teóricas predominantes. Sus manifestaciones en Ecuador.
Authors: Junco Sánchez Arturo Enrique
Published: January 2025

El objetivo del presente trabajo científico está orientado en revelar al mundo, que cada vez que aumenta el desborde delictivo la ciudadanía y los gobernantes pretenden reimplantar la pena de muerte para resolver los problemas de la delincuencia. El presente artículo se adentra en la corriente retencionista que pretende justificar la pena de muerte y en la corriente abolicionista que se opone a la pena de muerte, porque termina con el derecho a la vida. La criminalidad es un problema común e inherente de todas las sociedades y solamente se podrá reducir la criminalidad si los derechos mínimos vitales se encuentran garantizados a través de políticas sociales; de ahí, que habría que implantar un verdadero sistema de prevención del delito.
SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN CATERING MENGGUNAKAN CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT (CRM) BERBASIS WEB
Authors: Fitria Nazla , Harahap Aninda Muliani , Sibarani Fathiya Hasyifah
Published: January 2025

Mazaya Catering merupakan salah satu Usaha UMKM yang bergelut dibidang jasa yang melayani pemesanan catering dalam jumlah banyak untuk acara besar seperti pernikahan, syukuran, akikah, dan lainnya yang mencakup jumlah pesanan diatas 100 pax. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Waterfall dalam membentuk dan pengembangan sistem informasi manajemen catering berbasis web, serta metode Kualitatif pada proses penelitian. Prinsip pada Customer Relationship Management (CRM) digunakan sebagai prinsip promosi yang digunakan pada pengembangan sistem ini. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Sistem Informasi Manajemen Catering berbasis website yang telah dibangun menyediakan beberapa fitur yang dapat membantu proses berjalannya bisnis catering di Mazaya Catering. Yaitu diskon/potongan harga, FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions), Testimoni, WhatsApp dan Instagram Link, dan Pembayaran via Rekening. Kata Kunci— Catering, Customer Relationship Management, UMKM, Waterfall. Abstract— Mazaya Catering is one of the MSME businesses that is engaged in services that serve catering orders in large quantities for large events such as weddings, thanksgiving, akikah, and others which include orders above 100 pax. This research uses the Waterfall method in shaping and developing web-based catering management information systems, as well as Qualitative methods in the research process. The principles of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) are used as promotional principles used in the development of this system. The results of this study show that the web-based Catering Management Information System that has been built provides several features that can help the process of running a catering business at Mazaya Catering. Namely discounts / discounts, FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions), Testimonials, WhatsApp and Instagram Links, and Payment via Account. Keywords— Catering, Customer Relationship Management, UMKM, Waterfall.