bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspekty prawne terapii konwersyjnej
Authors: Szwed Marcin
Published: September 2024

Legal aspects of conversion therapy
            The aim of this article is to discuss the issue of conversion therapy provided to adults from the perspective of Polish law and to analyse the postulate to ban the provision of this type of therapy from the constitutional perspective. Conversion therapy refers to various types of activities aimed at changing the sexual orientation of homosexual or bisexual people to a heterosexual orientation. In contemporary psychiatry and psychology, the prevailing view is that such practices are ineffective and even harmful. Nevertheless, in many countries in the world, this type of therapy is carried out. At the same time, with the development of standards against the background of the protection of the rights of LGBT people, it is sometimes proposed to introduce a legal ban on therapy aimed at changing sexual orientation. Such provisions have already been introduced, among others, in Malta, Germany and some US states. However, the solutions adopted in this area differ significantly, e.g. in terms of the scope of the prohibition (in some legislations, the provision of therapy to children is prohibited, in others - also to adults) or the sanctions provided for its violation. So far, Polish law has not introduced any solutions in this regard. The current legal regulations cannot constitute an effective tool to restrict the conduct of conversion therapy - only in extreme cases, involving the use of coercion, deception or invasive forms of influence, could the activities of providers of such practices be qualified as a crime. Civil liability for therapists, although not excluded in certain cases, could also be difficult if the therapy was provided with the consent of the adult concerned and was limited to psychological treatment. At the same time, due to the ineffectiveness of the Act on the Psychological Profession and the Professional Self-Government of Psychologists, there are no effective tools to punish those providing various types of harmful pseudo-therapies. In Poland, however, there are also calls for a ban on conversion therapy. The introduction of such regulations would undoubtedly constitute an interference in the sphere of constitutional freedoms and rights of persons providing therapy and those interested in it, and it would therefore be necessary to comply with the requirements arising from the principle of proportionality. In this regard, it appears that the prohibition of conversion therapy could be considered useful and necessary to achieve important objectives, such as the protection of public health and the freedoms and rights of others. It would also be possible to comply with the proportionality requirement stricto sensu if the concept of conversion therapy were sufficiently clearly defined so as not to hamper the provision of reliable psychological services to persons experiencing difficulties in relation to their sexual orientation and to enable religious organisations to preach the principles of their faith against a moral background in the area of sexuality.
Analiza polskiej regulacji wspomaganego samobójstwa w kontekście orzeczenia niemieckiego Federalnego Trybunału Konstytucyjnego z dnia 26 lutego 2020 r
Authors: Kościelny Patryk
Published: September 2024

This publication aims to examine the Polish regulation of assisted suicide in terms of its constitutionality. The starting point is an analysis of the judgment of the German Federal Constitutional Court, which resulted in the depenalization of the offer of suicide assistance under professional services by entrepreneurs in Germany and, consequently, the complete legalisation of assisted suicide in this country. The theses contained in the cited judgment, however, refer to much broader issues, such as: ratio legis of assisted suicide penalization, understanding the right to life and tasks of the state within its protection, the right of the individual to decide about his death as part of exercising the right to self-determination and its bond with human dignity. The study attempts to transfer the legitimacy of these theses to the Polish legal order, introducing Polish regulations of assisted suicide found in the Penal Code and the provisions of the Constitution. The text also attempts to indicate the complexity of the assisted suicide problem, briefly referring to the very different approaches to it by selected European legislation and to the social controversy that this phenomenon raises. Moreover, de lege ferenda proposals were presented within the scope of the matter under consideration in the Polish legal order and the reasons for the necessity to introduce them, resulting from the influence of cultural conditions.
Value history jako instrument przedłużenia autonomicznego charakteru decyzji terapeutycznej poza moment utraty świadomości
Authors: Nieróbca Natalia
Published: September 2024

The concept underlying the institution of pro futuro declarations is the will to extend the possibility to determine one’s own fate beyond the moment of unconsciousness. Subsequent generations of such declarations have been the result of a search for solutions to adequately reflect the individual’s aspirations while at the same time securing their effective "enforcement". Currently, particularly within Anglo-Saxon legal culture, there is a growing interest in the institution of value history as an instrument providing justification for first- and second-generation anticipatory declarations by referring to the patient's hierarchy of values, worldview and beliefs. It is recognised, however, that such declarations make it possible not only to extend the patient's ability to determine his or her own future beyond the moment of unconsciousness, but also to attribute to such a disposition the qualities of an autonomous decision, i.e. one made by a competent person, freely exercised, informed and intentional. However, the possibility of exploiting the full potential of value history declarations is conditioned by the appropriate design of the form (in terms of both content and design) and an adequate information procedure that should precede the drafting of the declaration. Remarkably, the purely theoretical reflection that has been present since the 1980s regarding the desirable features of third-generation pro futuro declaration forms is now increasinglytaking the shape of considerations supported by consultations and research involving the participation of patients. Nevertheless, the fact that the institution of a living will or a power of attorney for health care has not yet been regulated at a statutory level in the domestic legalframework is a serious obstacle to the use of the possibilities offered by value history declarations within the Polish health care system.
Zgoda osoby bliskiej na ujawnienie tajemnicy lekarskiej po śmierci pacjenta (po nowelizacji)
Authors: Świderska Małgorzata
Published: September 2024

Persons performing  medical professions are obliged to keep medical secret also after patients death.
The amendment of medical law (that came into effect respectively August 5, 2016 and February 9, 2019) limited the protection of medical confidentiality.
Prawne aspekty dostępu do antykoncepcji w Polsce
Authors: Rosa Weronika
Published: September 2024

The ability to choose safe, effective and affordable contraceptive methods and to have access to comprehensive information on all family planning methods is one aspect of reproductive rights, which are considered an integral part of human rights. According to reports by the European Parliamentary Forum for Sexual & Reproductive Rights, Poland has for years recorded the worst access to contraception among European countries. The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the regulations in force in the Polish legal system provide real access to contraception that complies with international standards. The following methods of contraception were analysed: emergency, chemical, mechanical, hormonal, long-term and permanent. Furthermore, issues affecting access to contraception, such as the conscience clause, sex education, and the lack of autonomy of underage women in deciding on contraceptive methods, excluding mechanical and chemical, were covered. As the majority of contraceptives are intended for use by women, any restriction on access to them can be qualified as a form of gender discrimination.
Wpływ pandemii COVID-19 na ewolucję regulacji prawnych z zakresu telemedycyny ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem świadczeń z zakresu opieki psychiatrycznej i leczenia uzależnień
Authors: Chrapkowski Łukasz
Published: September 2024

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has become a major health concern worldwide. The obligation to prevent infections with the simultaneous need to continue providing health services not related to COVID-19 contributed to the search for new solutions in the field of telemedicine. The article analyzes the evolution of telemedicine in the Polish legal system during the COVID-19 pandemic. Particular attention was paid to regulations relating to benefits in the field of psychiatric care and addiction treatment
Zadośćuczynienie za naruszenie dóbr osobistych wskutek przyjęcia bez zgody do szpitala psychiatrycznego – analiza przypadku
Authors: Ciechorski Jan
Published: September 2024

The analyzed case, in particular the verdict of the Szczecin Court of Appeal, leads to the conclusion that it is necessary to distinguish the groundlessness of admission without consent to a psychiatric hospital from the illegality of such an admission. The admission is unreasonable if the conditions for admission are not met, while the unlawfulness occurs both in the case of gross non-acceptance of admission and failure to meet the formal require- ments of such adoption specified in the provisions of art. 23 par. 2–5 acts. The guardianship court decides only on the legitimacy of admission. Thus, the compliance of the hospital proceedings on admission without consent with the provisions of art. 23 par. 2–5 of the Act is subject to recognition and assessment in the event of a claim being made by a patient related to the violation of personal rights as a result of admission. Consequently, this court would not be bound by the decision of the guardianship court. The distinction between the illegality of admission and its unfairness allows to reconcile the attachment of the court hearing the patient’s claim to the guardianship court under Article. 365 k.p.c. with the independence to deter- mine the basis of the actual judgment.
O perspektywie prawa do dobrej śmierci w Polsce
Authors: Dukiet-Nagórska Teresa
Published: September 2024

The author evaluates, the current state of the law in Poland from the point of view of enabling - a person who perceives his continued existence as inhuman and degrading treatment - to support the end of life.
In the conclusion of the argument, she concludes that in this situation the following two values should be confronted: the right to decide on one's personal life and the value of living in circumstances of inhuman degrading treatment. This, in turn, allows the application of the institution described in Article 26 par. 2 of the Criminal Code.
Ocena stopnia społecznej szkodliwości deliktu zawodowego w postępowaniu w przedmiocie odpowiedzialności zawodowej w zawodach medycznych.
Authors: Plebanek Ewa
Published: September 2024

The article concentrates on issues of the disciplinary proceedings in Medical Profession. The paper touches upon evaluation of social harm of a disciplinary offence. The findings presented herein are based on  appropriate use of Penal Code and Code of Criminal Procedure regulations in dealing with cases of disciplinary liability. It is discussed what acts are subject to disciplinary (professional) liability. The question here is the character of such an act.  It is established that the legislator provided an open catalogue of offences of this type.  The article gives a short summary of the issue of the a minor disciplinary breach and  disciplinary offence whose social consequences is insignificant  for the purpose of adjudicating disciplinary (professional) cases. The author concludes that the interpretation of the concept of “a minor disciplinary breach” should derive from the concept of “a less serious crime” and include components of the term “social harmfulness of an act”. Particular focus is given to harm grading as well as to criteria that should be considered to grade.  Based on the entire analysis the conclusions de lege ferenda are formulated.
Narodowy Fundusz Zdrowia jako sprawca szkody antymonopolowej
Authors: Wieczerzyńska Beata
Published: September 2024

Both in the European Union law and in the Polish national order, there is a comprehensive model of competition protection law enforcement, which includes: public and private competition rules enforcement. Private enforcement is carried out individually by entities aggrieved by the unlawful conduct of other entities by submitting a lawsuit under the Act on Claims for Compensation for Damage Caused by Violation of Competition Law. In compensation proceedings, it is necessary to identify the perpetrator of the antitrust damage. The concept of the perpetrator of antimonopoly damage also covers entities that organize or provide services of general interest without carrying out economic activity. The content of the publication, on the basis of legal regulations, available literature and judicates, is an attempt to answer the questions whether the National Health Fund, as a public entity not oriented towards making a profit, may be qualified as an entrepreneur who is the perpetrator of anti-monopoly damage and is obliged to repair it, and whether a civil court in the compensation proceedings may not qualify the National Health Fund as an entrepreneur that may be the perpetrator of antitrust damage?
Diagności laboratoryjni – czy nowa ustawa rozwiąże stare problemy?
Authors: Babula Maciej
Published: September 2024

The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic has brought health care issues to the forefront. The necessity to perform tests for the presence of this pathogen and to evaluate their results brought to wider public awareness what exactly laboratory diagnosticians do. On July 12th, 2022, a draft of a completely new legal act was submitted to the Parliament, which would regulate how to obtain the professional title of laboratory diagnostician, as well as the rules for practicing this profession. The legislative process ended on October 10th, when the bill was sent to the President for signature. The new legal act, in its essential part, came into force on December 10th, 2022. The new law provides for a number of significant changes aimed at bringing the rules governing the performance of laboratory diagnostics activities in line with the standards that exist for other professions involved in the provision of health care services. In view of its progressive nature, the draft justifiably raised high hopes for a reasonable and thoughtful regulation of the legal situation of laboratory diagnosticians. However, the changes introduced during the legislative process significantly reduced the effectiveness of the solutions proposed by the authors of the draft. As a result, already shortly after the law was passed, there were voices that despite the creation of a completely new legal act that, in principle, normalizes the legal situation of laboratory diagnosticians, the key demands that had been formulated for many years - particularly with regard to the recognition that the profession of laboratory diagnostician consists of performing health care tasks - had not been realized. It therefore becomes crucial to decide whether the Laboratory Medicine Act can positively affect the profession of laboratory diagnostician. This article aims to answer the question so posed, in particular, taking into account the differences, between the draft law and its enacted content, as well as in comparison with other legislation, which normalizes the way in which health care professions are carried out.
Cyfrowe wspomaganie decyzji medycznych w świetle prawa karnego
Authors: Sitarz Olga , Sitarz Marcin
Published: September 2024

The main research problem is the question - to what extent the practice of digital support in medical activities requires changes in the general principles of criminal law in the event of treatment failure. The subject of the considerations in this publication will be the common part delineated by three research fields: 1) the issue of a doctor's error in making a medical decision, 2) the importance of digitization (automation) for determining liability, and 3) the issue of the principles of substantive criminal law. The analysis carried out in these three areas allowed the authors to make a diagnosis of the compatibility of modern criminal law to assess the behavior related to making medical decisions with the use of information systems. Formulating a general positive assessment of adequate legal solutions in this area, the authors put forward several de lege ferenda postulates.
Ochrona danych medycznych w okresie pandemii Covid-19. Działania Rzecznika Praw Pacjenta dotyczące prawa do dokumentacji medycznej i tajemnicy informacji w latach 2020-2022
Authors: Skubis Bożena
Published: September 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic and associated with it changes in the functioning of medical services threatened the observance of patient’s rights in Poland. Taking under consideration the overload of the medical care system in connection with SARS-CoV-2 cases and the GPDR requirements in terms of personal data protection implemented in the year 2018, it seems advisable to state patient’s problems in the field of medical data protection during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study discusses measures of the Pateint’s Rights Ombudsman regarding documentation and medical confidentiality in the years of the pandemic. Based on reports of respecting the patient’s rights for 2020-2022, the number of infringement cases on the protection of medical data was announced and the dynamics of the phenomenon was assessed by comparing the data from the years 2019-2022.
Kwestionowanie prawidłowości zgody udzielonej na zabieg kraniotomii - omówienie wyroku Sądu Okręgowego w Gdańsku z 26 marca 2019 r., sygn. akt I C 202/14
Authors: Boratyńska Maria
Published: September 2024

The civil case, which was resolved by a non-final judgment, was pending for compensation for health damages caused by a neurosurgical procedure of clipping of brain aneurysms in a post-stroke patient. The result of the examination was inconclusive - showing three aneurysms and two suspicious areas, requiring further observation. After opening the skull, it became clear that one of the of these areas was a diffuse aneurysm that had previously ruptured without characteristic symptoms. The other three were successfully clipped and the spilled blood was partially aspirated and the brain was protected from further damage. However, the patient's condition eventually deteriorated and she developed significant disability. On this basis, she deduced that surgery was performed incorrectly and her consent was also defective, as she was not informed of the possibility of such complications. The allegations of the lawsuit were not supported by the evidence on the record. evidence. The court dismissed the claim on the grounds that the diagnostic and treatment procedures were performed correctly, and the complications are not the consequence of the operation, but rather a consequence of unexplained bleeding discovered only intraoperatively.
Gingival augmentation of the edentulous site before implant placement using a transposed pedicled gingivectomy tissue: a novel surgical case report.
Authors: Narasimman Manikandan , Shanmugasundaram Shashikiran , Chopra Aditi
Published: September 2024

Keratinized gingiva around teeth, around edentulous sites or implants is important as it improves aesthetics, helps to maintain good oral hygiene around prosthesis, and prevents post-operative implant exposure. The amount of keratinized gingiva around teeth/prostheses is a crucial parameter that should be considered before placing the crowns and bridges around implants or edentulous teeth. The presence of adequate keratinized tissue around implants/prostheses is vital for good peri-implant health and improves the overall prognosis of the implant treatment. Augmentation of the attached gingiva is done using a free gingival graft (FGG) or alloderm. However, procurement of FGG is surgically demanding for general dentists as it technically demanding to procure the graft from the palate. Moreover, it creates a second surgical site with an increased risk of post-operative discomfort and bleeding. To overcome these limitations, this case report presents a novel non-invasive simple, surgical technique to augment keratinized tissue using partially excised pedicled gingivectomy tissue for augmentation of attached gingiva before prosthetic rehabilitation with implants.
Bibliometric Analysis of In-Vitro Studies in Orthodontics and Aesthetic and Conservative Treatment in the TR Index Journals
Authors: Uzunçıbuk Hande , Tekbaş Atay Meltem
Published: September 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate in-vitro titled studies in the field of orthodontics and aesthetic and conservative treatment in TR Index journals.
Materials and methods: The national database TR Index (https://trdizin.gov.tr/) includes a comprehensive list of all studies that utilize the keyword "in-vitro". Only dental journal publications in English, Turkish, and other languages from 2021 to 2023 were considered in this research. The publications were classified according to the journal name, publication year, author institutions, departments, article type, article language, and citation count.
Results: In-vitro studies are especially used in aesthetic and conservative dentistry. The number of in-vitro studies in orthodontics should be increased. The journals with the highest number of in-vitro titled studies in the last three years are Turkiye Clinics Journal of Dental Sciences, Cumhuriyet Dental Journal, and Selcuk Dental Journal. Whether the language in which the article is published is Turkish or English has no effect on the number of citations.
Conclusions: In-vitro research have a significant role in dentistry. The top journals in in-vitro research in dentistry during the past three years are Turkiye Clinics Journal of Dental Sciences, Cumhuriyet Dental Journal, and Selcuk Dental Journal. The language of publication, whether Turkish or English, had no impact on the number of citations.
Rural Attractiveness Index and Its Visualization as Tools to Support Local and Regional Decision-Making
Authors: Čerba Otakar , Velten Sarah
Published: September 2024

Promoting rural regions is crucial for societies all over the world. Prosperous and vital rural regions can contribute to solving many pressing problems that threaten humanity, such as climate change, poverty, hunger, health or clean energy. The attractiveness of rural regions can be improved through targeted measures and support. For the design of such targeted interventions, high-quality assessments of rural attractiveness can provide a solid information basis. However, the attractiveness of rural regions is a complex construct and therefore difficult to assess. Thus, in this paper, we present tools for the assessment of rural attractiveness that address these complexities and support use and interpretation of the results of rural attractiveness assessments by stakeholders: First, we develop a Rural Attractiveness Index (RAI) which provides a general blueprint for assessing rural attractiveness, yet still is flexible and adaptable to each specific context. As integrated measure of rural attractiveness it also facilitates interpretation by stakeholders. Second, to further enhance interpretation and communication, we propose to visualize the RAI in map-based form. We demonstrate the application of these tools through an illustrative showcase in a European context. We discuss strengths, limitations and challenges of the presented tools and highlight directions for future research.
Assessing Indonesian Nutmeg Commodity Trade Competitiveness and Developing Sustainable Strategies in the Global Market
Authors: Sujianto Sujianto , Pribadi Ekwasita Rini , Saptati Ratna Ayu , Mahendri I Gusti Ayu Putu , Santoso Agung Budi , Sondakh Joula Olvy Maya , Hutapea Ronald Timbul Pardamean , Pujiharti Yulia , Salim Zamroni , Wulandari Suci , Saptana Saptana , Dermoredjo Saktyanu Kristyantoadi , Rahardjo Budi , da Silva Hélio Brites
Published: September 2024

Nutmeg encounters challenges in productivity, quality, climate change, Covid-19 disruptions, and stagflation, requiring efforts to enhance competitiveness and meet global market demands. This study aims to analyze Indonesian nutmeg trade performance, assess competitive advantage, and formulate essential strategies to increase its competitiveness. Using comprehensive mixed quantitative and qualitative analysis, methods include export-import market share analysis, CAGR, import dependency ratio, import-to-export ratio, RCA, RSCA, RTA, and SWOT/QSPM analysis. The data obtained from in-depth interviews with key stakeholders was used for formulating strategies enhancing nutmeg’s competitiveness. The findings underscore Indonesia's significant dominance in the global nutmeg market, with a considerable 61.6% market share but its export growth rate for nutmeg was less than the import annual growth. The competitiveness indicators demonstrated a robust comparative advantage of Indonesian nutmeg trade in the global market, especially for products categorized as “nutmeg, neither crushed nor ground” and “nutmeg, crushed or ground”. Indonesian also has comparative advantage among other exporter countries. Crucial strategies of internal and external perspectives, such as expanding markets, improving nutmeg quality and productivity through improving farmer capacity, technological adoption, and good agricultural practices are necessary to take into account Indonesia’s nutmeg competitiveness in global markets.
(Co)contribution de l’enseignement des arts plastiques au développement de la pratique réflexive et à la construction de soi
Authors: Claverie Isabelle , Melis Caroline
Published: September 2024

Dans l’enseignement des arts plastiques, les capacités créatives et réflexives de chaque élève, indissociables de l’écoute de l’autre, participent à la construction de soi (Ministère de l’Éducation nationale [MEN], 2015a). Reliés à d’autres enseignements, les arts plastiques contribuent au renforcement de compétences dites transformatives présentées dans le rapport de l’OCDE (2018) comme essentielles pour réaliser les objectifs du projet Éducation 2030. Dans cet article, nous souhaitons plus précisément caractériser les modalités contributives de l’activité enseignante au développement de la pratique réflexive des élèves et à la construction de soi. Prenant appui sur l’analyse de la nature expérientielle de la pratique artistique, notre étude vise également à montrer comment la prise en compte et le transfert par une équipe interdisciplinaire de certaines spécificités didactiques et épistémologiques de cette discipline dans la mise en oeuvre d’un programme d’action culturelle permet d’outiller les élèves pour mieux (se) saisir (de) la complexité du monde.
L’orchestre à l’école : des pratiques musicales au développement de l’esprit critique
Authors: Ballester Manon , Moreau Jean-Pierre , Terrien Pascal
Published: September 2024

Cet article étudie l’influence des pratiques de la musique instrumentale sur les performances de raisonnement des élèves de l’école élémentaire (9‑11 ans) en France. Croisant plusieurs approches en sciences humaines et sociales – la phénoménologie, la psychologie cognitive et la didactique de la musique –, cette étude cherche à observer si la capacité d’autorégulation, un des aspects du raisonnement et de l’esprit critique, est plus développée chez les élèves pratiquant un instrument de musique au sein d’un orchestre à l’école (OAE) que chez leurs camarades qui n’en jouent pas. Elle repose sur une analyse comparative de deux groupes d’élèves (n = 76) de cycle 3, dont la moitié participe au dispositif orchestre à l’école (OAE).
Effets de deux dispositifs utilisant une approche ou des supports artistiques sur les compétences émotionnelles et langagières en cycle 3 en France
Authors: Papon Lola , Eschenauer Sandrine , Pasquier Aurélie
Published: September 2024

À partir de deux études menées en cycle 3 (quatrième et cinquième classe de l’école élémentaire française; étude 1 : Pasquier et al., 2022; étude 2 : Eschenauer et al., 2023), nous proposons d’analyser les effets de dispositifs pédagogiques questionnant chacun la conscience émotionnelle comme source d’engagement pour faire émerger le langage oral. Pour créer les conditions nécessaires à cette expérience sensible, la première étude s’appuie sur des supports artistiques (albums de jeunesse, oeuvres d’art, captations de spectacles de danse, etc.), la deuxième s’ancre dans la pratique performative théâtrale (c’est-à-dire qui se base sur les caractéristiques de la performance artistique, notamment le corps, l’espace, les interactions avec le public, etc.). Les résultats montrent que la rencontre expérientielle et réflexive avec l’art semble favoriser la conscience émotionnelle et la production orale. Nous ouvrirons la discussion sur la construction de pratiques pédagogiques participant à la construction de soi et de sujets aptes à percevoir le monde et à s’ouvrir à autrui.
PUNTALAMA PROSESİ İLE ELDE EDİLEN FARKLI ÖZELLİKLERDEKİ POLİESTER/ELASTAN İPLİKLERİN VE BU İPLİKLERDEN ELDE EDİLEN DOKUMA KUMAŞLARIN BAZI ÖZELLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Aksungur Büşra , Şardağ Sibel
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmada, iplik üretim parametrelerinin elastan içerikli poliester ipliklerin ve bu ipliklerden elde edilen dokuma kumaşların mukavemet ve uzama özelliklerine etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla poliester iplikte filament sayısı, elastan iplik numarası, elastan çekim oranı ve puntalama işleminde kullanılan düze tipi değiştirilerek 36 farklı elastan içerikli poliester iplik ve üretilen bu iplikler kullanılarak sabit üretim şartlarında dimi 3/3 örgüde 36 farklı çeşit dokuma kumaş üretilmiştir. Üretilen ipliklerin lineer yoğunluğu, punta sayısı, punta kalıcılığı, kopma mukavemeti, kopma uzaması ve kopma işi değerleri ile bu ipliklerden üretilen kumaşların kopma mukavemeti, yırtılma mukavemeti, kopma uzaması ve fryma cihazında ölçülen uzama özellikleri standartlara uygun bir şekilde test edilmiştir.
Testler sonrasında elde edilen değerler SPSS istatistik programında değerlendirilmiş ve poliester ipliklerde filament sayısının, elastan numarasının, puntalama işleminde kullanılan düze tipinin ve elastan çekim oranının ipliklerin ve kumaşların tüm mukavemet değerlerine etkisinin istatistiksel olarak önemli olduğu ve ipliklerdeki filament sayısı, elastan miktarı, elastan çekim oranı ve düze çapı arttıkça ipliklerin ve kumaşların mukavemet değerlerinin arttığı görülmüştür.
Hydrogeological and historical aspects of the water supply of Benevento town since Roman times
Authors: Esposito Libera , Ginolfi Michele , Leone Guido , Fiorello Francesco
Published: September 2024

The research analyses the historical evolution of the water supply systems of the city of Benevento (southern Italy) during centuries. We focused on three main historical periods, namely the Roman, Lombard and Papal times, and the recent-present times. During this long historical time, the water supply amount and quality have changed many times, and this has probably affected the well-being and growth of the city. The best water quality characterized the Roman times, when large karst springs were tapped, feeding the town for centuries. In this period, the town experienced the largest population expansion. On the other hand, the most depressed period was the Papal times, coinciding with the isolation of the city, as it was an enclave of the Pontifical State. During this period, the water supply from external sources was not guaranteed and therefore it primarily derived from the local, low-quality water resources. Only after the unification of Italy, and also after the Second World War, the water supply systems have been improved, and new aqueducts have brought again high-quality waters to Benevento coming from karst aquifers. Nowadays, the drinking water management of Benevento is still a matter of debate. In the near future, the water from a dam-reservoir (Campolattaro dam, Tammaro River) will be exploited to guarantee the water needs of the city, and water-supply systems will undergo further changes . The knowledge about the historical evolution of the water supply of Benevento represents an essential requirement for consciously analyzing the future planning and management of water resources.
Review: Urban Water Security and Safety
Authors: Quevauviller Philippe , Hinsby Klaus , Karlsson Seidenfaden Ida , Pulido Velázquez David , Sapiano Manuel , Coelho Rosario , Gattinesi Peter , Hohenblum Philipp , Jirovsky Vaclav , Marinheiro Fatima , Simas Luis , Teixeira Rui , Ugarelli Rita , Cardarilli Monica , Paraskevopoulos Sotirios , Vrachimis Stelios , Medema Gertjan , Eliades Demetrios , La Vigna Francesco
Published: September 2024

“Water security” and “water safety” is defined differently. As the terms are related they may lead to confusion and misinterpretations, depending on the context. Water security generally refers to a lack of resources of an acceptable quality, i.e. water scarcity that may be related either to an excess of water demand or drought impacts (with links to climate change and e.g. salt water intrusion into coastal aquifers). Further, water security is closely related to food security, energy security, health security and ecological security. From a (human) security viewpoint, however, water security may also be understood in the light of possible intentional degradation of the resources, e.g. criminal or terrorist act leading to a deliberate (chemical or biological) contamination of water supply systems. Water safety on the other hand refers to the quality or chemical status of the water resources that has to comply with the defined quality standards for drinking water specifically to protect human health, both from elevated concentrations of contaminants and natural geogenic elements. This review gives a snapshot of various (ground)water safety and security issues written by authors from different sectors and disciplines. Illustrating and clarifying the many societal challenges related to water security and safety in cities.
Toxicity of Essential Oil from Artemisia herba-alba (Asso.) against Two Insect Pests of Stored Products
Authors: Amara Lallia , Zairi Mohamed , Benchohra Hadria , Meziani Samira , Demmouche Abbassia
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to examine the insecticide properties of Artemisia herba-alba essential oil (EO) against two main insect pests of stored products Tribolium castaneum and Sitophilus zeamais. The toxicity of EO was tested using contact and fumigant bioassays. Repellent activity was also studied using the preference zone method on filter paper. Using GC/MS analysis, the major compounds were, respectively, camphor (23.61%), α-thujone (13.67%), chrysanthenone (11.21%), 1,8-cineole (10%) and β-thujone (7.65%). In both insects, the toxicity tests applied showed a significant increase in the percentage of mortality according to the doses tested (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, the probit analysis exposed lower values of doses and lethal concentrations (LD50, LD90, LC50, and LC90), which justified the toxic effect of EO on the two insects. In addition, EO caused a significant repulsion after 1 h and 2 h of exposure. The results obtained suggest that A. herba-alba EO can be an excellent alternative to chemical insecticides in the conservation of stored products.
Monoclonal antibodies derived from B cells in subjects with cystic fibrosis reduce Pseudomonas aeruginosa burden in mice
Authors: Hale Malika , Takehara Kennidy K , Thouvenel Christopher D , Moustafa Dina A , Repele Andrea , Fontana Mary F , Netland Jason , McNamara Sharon , Gibson Ronald L , Goldberg Joanna B , Rawlings David J , Pepper Marion
Published: September 2024

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(PA) is an opportunistic, frequently multidrug-resistant pathogen that can cause severe infections in hospitalized patients. Antibodies against the PA virulence factor, PcrV, protect from death and disease in a variety of animal models. However, clinical trials of PcrV-binding antibody-based products have thus far failed to demonstrate benefit. Prior candidates were derivations of antibodies identified using protein-immunized animal systems and required extensive engineering to optimize binding and/or reduce immunogenicity. Of note, PA infections are common in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), who are generally believed to mount normal adaptive immune responses. Here we utilized a tetramer reagent to detect and isolate PcrV-specific B cells in pwCF and, via single-cell sorting and paired-chain sequencing, identified the B cell receptor (BCR) variable region sequences that confer PcrV-specificity. We derived multiple high affinity anti-PcrV monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from PcrV-specific B cells across 3 donors, including mAbs that exhibit potent anti-PA activity in a murine pneumonia model. This robust strategy for mAb discovery expands what is known about PA-specific B cells in pwCF and yields novel mAbs with potential for future clinical use.
La ciencia conversa con la escuela : propuesta de capacitación para estudiantes de doctorado interesados en comunicar la ciencia a niños y niñas entre 1° y 4° año de educación básica en Chile.
Authors:   , Ortíz Barrios Johanna
Published: September 2024

Este trabajo es una propuesta de capacitación en comunicación de la ciencia para estudiantes de doctorado de cualquier disciplina con el objetivo de que puedan establecer un diálogo cercano y significativo con niñas y niños entre seis y diez años.En base a la identificación de las necesidades de los científicos, a una revisión de experiencias internacionales y a las recomendaciones de expertos en educación científica y/o divulgación, se construyó un modelo de capacitación con cinco módulos secuenciales, pero flexibles, que pueden variar según las necesidades de los asistentes o el análisis de los relatores. Esta iniciativa busca contribuir al intercambio entre ciencia y sociedad desde las primeras etapas de escolarización, no sólo porque es importante que la ciencia y la tecnología sean un horizonte posible para las nuevas generaciones, sino también porque este diálogo contribuye al establecimiento de sociedades más democráticas.
Combarbalá : el paisaje del adobe : documental sobre el habitar el patrimonio de tierra hoy
Authors:   , Rivera Vidal Amanda
Published: September 2024

Arquitectura vernácula En la arquitectura vernácula, las construcciones son la forma en que los hombres se ha relacionado con su entorno, transformando los materiales disponibles en su refugio y paisaje construido. Transfigurando así las materias primas hacia las formas de habitar el paisaje, expresión de su visión de mundo. El patrimonio vernáculo es hoy, una de las principales expresiones de estas culturas, siendo fundamental su comprensión y preservación. A pesar de esto, las construcciones tradicionales de Chile son frecuentemente amenazadas de destrucción, tanto por su deterioro, como por su inminente reemplazo por nuevos materiales y modos de habitar considerados modernos. Es en ese contexto, que el patrimonio se encuentra en permanente fricción entre su mantención y extinción, más aún si están erguidos en materiales considerados frágiles como la tierra. Combarbalá en el Norte Chico A pesar de esta amenaza, hay territorios en Chile donde existen culturas constructivas que son aún representantes de la forma vernácula de habitar el paisaje. En el norte chico se encuentra la localidad de Combarbalá, comuna que mantiene gran porcentaje de su patrimonio construido en adobe, a pesar de los grandes terremotos que la han azotado en los últimos años, y en contraposición con lo destruido del patrimonio de sus comunas vecinas. Es esta misma característica, la de mantener de manera casi íntegra la constitución de sus fachadas continuas, junto con la forma de habitar estas construcciones, la que la distingue. Descubrir la razón de la sobrevivencia de este patrimonio, a pesar de la “modernidad”, con la introducción de nuevos materiales y arquitecturas, es el eje de este trabajo; el que se centrará en el estudio de la manera de habitar el patrimonio de adobe, como parte de su cultura constructiva. Esto por medio de la indagación y el registro de este habitar, además, de la percepción de los propios habitantes hacia su patrimonio. El trabajo se realizará a través de un video documental de observación, con algunas entrevistas semiestructuradas; utilizando este medio tanto como metodología de análisis del habitar patrimonial combarbalino, así como resultado final del mismo. Se tendrá como principales protagonistas a los mismos habitantes del centro histórico de Combarbalá, donde instituciones locales tendrán un rol de colaboración con el proyecto. A través de este documento visual, como testimonio de un ejemplo de persistencia del habitar vernáculo, se busca irradiar a otros territorios el ejemplo de la preservación de la identidad de Combarbalá a través de sus construcciones habitadas.
Diseño y desarrollo de un modelo de desambiguación léxica automática para el procesamiento del lenguaje natural
Authors:   , Núñez Fredy R.
Published: September 2024

La presente investigación doctoral tiene como objetivo general desarrollar un modelo más robusto de medida para la similitud y relación semántica que los disponibles actualmente para resolver el problema de la desambiguación léxica automática, aplicado al procesamiento del lenguaje natural (PLN). Para esto, se realizó una revisión del fenómeno lingüístico de la ambigüedad léxica, junto con los métodos para la desambiguación léxica automática más representativos y que han sido aplicados en PLN: de relación semántica, de similitud semántica, y basados en conocimiento contextual. Luego se expuso una panorámica cronológica de la utilización del corpus en el análisis lingüístico, junto con una caracterización de los llamados recursos lingüísticos informatizados. Como aspecto central de la propuesta, se estableció una metodología para la aplicación de los subtipos generales de procesamiento de datos en aprendizaje automático, con sus respectivas tareas de procesamiento. Posteriormente se ejecutó un experimento de desambiguación léxica automática basado en el corpus SENSEVAL-3 (Evaluating Word Sense Disambiguation Systems), utilizando un método de aprendizaje automático supervisado. Este experimento permitió consolidar la metodología para la ejecución un nuevo experimento, diseñado a partir del montaje de un corpus basado en una submuestra de CODICACH (Corpus Dinámico del Castellano de Chile), que consideró unidades léxicas polisémicas seleccionadas desde la base de conocimiento FunGramKB. Posteriormente, se reportaron los resultados de los sistemas de desambiguación basados en aprendizaje automático, junto con las críticas al modelo. Este proceso permitió desarrollar un modelo de desambiguación léxica automática basado en una medida híbrida, y fundamentado tanto lingüística como estadísticamente en la interacción de dos enfoques de exploración taxonómica: distancia entre rutas y contenido de información, a través de la incorporación de FunGramKB como inventario de sentidos. En cuanto a la evaluación, la medida de similitud propuesta logró resultados consistentemente eficientes desde un punto de vista lingüístico en el proceso de desambiguación léxica automática.
Cornifelin expression during Xenopus laevis metamorphosis and in response to spinal cord injury
Authors:   , Torruella González Sol
Published: September 2024

Xenopus laevis tiene la capacidad de regenerar luego de un daño en sus estadios larvales (NF50), pero al término de la metamorfosis pierde esta capacidad (NF-66). En una secuenciación de ARN de alto rendimiento, se analizaron los transcritos de animales NF-50 y NF-66, 21 horas, 2 y 6 días luego del daño a la médula espinal por transección. Cornifelina fue uno de los transcritos más altamente expresados dos días después del daño en NF-66, lo que sugiere un rol luego del daño a la médula espinal. La expresión de cornifelina ha sido detectada previamente principalmente en epitelios escamosos estratificados como piel y mucosas, pero su expresión en estructuras del sistema nervioso central no ha sido descrita. Aquí, usando técnicas histológicas, moleculares y bioquímicas, reportamos la expresión de cornifelina en la médula espinal, en la retina y en la córnea de Xenopus laevis durante la metamorfosis; evaluamos la reacción meníngea luego del daño por transección de la médula espinal y caracterizamos una línea transgénica para cornifelina. La expresión de cornifelina fue detectada en la sustancia gris y meninges de la médula espinal de animales NF-50 y NF-66. La expresión en la sustancia gris disminuyó a lo largo de la metamorfosis. En retina, cornifelina fue detectada en la capa de células ganglionares, en las capas nucleares internas y externas y en el segmento externo en NF-50 y NF-66. Luego del daño a la médula espinal, la expresión de cornifelina fue regulada a la alta en animales NF-66. Además, encontramos que la expresión en meninges fue distinta luego del daño en NF-50 y NF66. En NF-50, células positivas para cornifelina fueron encontradas cerrando el sitio de daño un día luego de la transección. En los siguientes días, fue encontrada delineando el tejido nervioso en reconexión. Por otro lado, en NF-66, células positivas para cornifelina fueron encontradas en las meninges y en la porción ventral de la médula a los seis días luego del daño y en el sitio de daño a los diez días. Estos resultados sugieren que cornifelina participaría en la reacción meníngea luego del daño por transección a la médula espinal.
Effect of High-intensity Interval Training in Perimenopausal Women on Sleep and Different Level of Psychological Health Problem: A Pilot Study
Authors: Yadav Shweta , Chaudhary Vinika , Pawaria Sonia
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Sleep related issues ranges from 40% to 50% in perimenopausal women. Women’s Health Across the Nation (SWAN), longitudinal examination of 8 years’ worth of data from more than 3000 women revealed that the most prevalent issue was difficulty sleeping owing to frequent awakenings, which worsened as women enter menopause. A history of perimenopausal phase indicates the symptoms of sleep issues, Hot Flashes (HFs), depression, and stress, resulting from a differential susceptibility to hormonal changes in the body. Aim: To find out the effect of High-intensity Interval Training (HIIT) in premenopausal women on sleep difficulties and different levels of psychological health problems. Materials and Methods: The subjects were taken from SGT Hospital and were treated in the Physiotherapy Department of the Hospital. Total 20 subjects were randomly allocated in two groups, one was experimental i.e. group A and other was the control group B, the treatment session was 3 days in a week for 3 weeks. The patient underwent baseline measurement through Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress (DASS) scale. The Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) test helps identify the stages of the shift and to more clearly understand how and when changes in the parameters of perimenopausal phase. Results: For all the variable (PSQI and DASS) between group analysis was done using Mann whitney test and within group analysis was done using Wilcoxon test, the Group A showed a significant change (p=0.005) when compared to Pre and post value, at p<0.05, the results were considered statistically significant. Conclusion: The study suggests that HIIT has a positive result in sleep problems and psychological mental health problems compared to the control group. HIIT will prove their effectiveness in improving sleep difficulties and associated mental health during the perimenopause phase and provide better therapeutic options to improve the quality of life