bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of science centres on perceptions of secondary school students towards the nature of science
Authors: Efe Hacer , Topsakal Ünsal Umdu
Published: December 2022

In the study reported on here, the effects of science centres on the perceptions of secondary school students towards the nature of science were examined. The study group consisted of 16 students aged 13 and 14 of which 7 were female and 9 male. In this study, a total of 4 trips were arranged to the science centre twice a month for 2 months. Students attended different workshops, planetariums and exhibitions on each trip to the science centre they attended. The activities that students attended during these trips were independent of the school curriculum. The data were obtained in the spring of 2019. This study was experimental research. Mixed method was used as the research model and the concurrent triangulation pattern was used as the design. The Scientific Knowledge Scale, the Questionnaire for Scientific Knowledge and semi-structured interviews were used as data collection tools, which were administered to students before and after the activities. In data analysis, qualitative data were analysed using content analysis. Quantitative data were analysed using the SPSS program. As a result of the research, it was determined that science centres caused an increase in students’ scores and levels of scientific knowledge and an improvement in their views on the nature of science.
Fifth and ninth grade students’ engagement in science classes in Palestine
Authors: Abualrob Marwan
Published: December 2022

In the study reported on here I aimed to measure the extent to which fifth and ninth grade science students were cognitively, behaviourally, emotionally and socially engaged in science classes. These constructs of engagement were examined based on a set of variables: the grade, students’ gender, teachers’ gender, teachers’ specialisation, teachers’ experience and teachers’ academic degree. To measure these constructs, I used the Wang Engagement Scale as well as a descriptive approach, especially in its relational components. The population, which comprised 15,057 students from the northern West Bank, was divided into groups; from each I chose a representative sample drawn using a random sampling technique based on the size of each of the three directorates of education (Jenin, Qabatia and Tubas). A questionnaire was then designed and delivered to 1,132 respondents from the fifth and ninth grades. The results suggest that fifth graders are by far more engaged than ninth graders, especially female students, and that female teachers, teachers with a degree in science, teachers with 1 to 5 years of experience and teachers with a 2-year associate degree were particularly motivating for student engagement.
Management of classroom acoustics by teachers at two special needs schools in Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Sebothoma Ben , de Andrade Victor , Galvaan Nabeelah
Published: December 2022

In South Africa, education is considered a basic right and our constitution calls for accessible educational contexts which ought to be conducive for learning. Even though schools are meant to be places in which learning can occur, poor classroom acoustics may threaten that basic right to education. The aim of this study was, therefore, to explore and understand how teachers in special needs schools managed classroom acoustics in their efforts to enhance learning. We report on a qualitative study using semi-structured face-to-face interviews with teachers from 2 special needs schools in Johannesburg in the Gauteng province of South Africa. A non-probability purposive sampling strategy was used to recruit participants. The results of this study confirm that classrooms in special needs schools may not be acoustically sound spaces which teachers feel may compromise effective learning. As a result, teachers reported using a variety of active and passive strategies to manage classroom acoustics in order to enhance learning. The results of this study contribute to existing knowledge on the importance of the strategies used by teachers in managing classroom acoustics. Further research is required to determine the efficacy of these and other strategies used by teachers in special needs schools.
Automutilações: uma problemática dos limites
Authors: Cidade Natália de Oliveira de Paula , Zornig Silvia Maria Abu-Jamra
Published: December 2022

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar a estreita relação entre o fenômeno das automutilações e a problemática dos limites, tendo como ponto de partida o ataque à pele como condição de possibilidade para essa prática. A pele remete à sensorialidade e às primeiras noções de eu, tendo como função proteger nossa individualidade e fundamentar nossa troca com o outro. Ela contém uma premissa de integração, constituindo-se como uma fronteira que marca os limites da própria existência. Nas automutilações, a agressão à pele denuncia um prejuízo na construção da diferenciação entre sujeito e objeto, deixando em evidência uma confusão nos limites do sujeito. Nossa hipótese é a de que o recurso ao corpo, mais especificamente o ataque à pele, nas automutilações, surge como uma tentativa de contenção do eu em momentos nos quais o sujeito sente que pode haver o risco da perda da integridade narcísica.
Não existe flor hermafrodita: uma investigação das nomenclaturas utilizadas para as estruturas reprodutivas na alternância de gerações de Angiospermas
Authors: Ganiko-Dutra Matheus , Bonadio Letícia de Castro , Caffeu Bruno Pazold , Bastos Fernando , Cadeira Ana Maria de Andrade
Published: December 2022

Resumo A atribuição de nomenclaturas sexuais a plantas ou estruturas da fase esporofítica das angiospermas, como no termo flor hermafrodita, é recorrente no Ensino de Botânica e pode gerar distorções conceituais. Este trabalho buscou identificar a compatibilidade entre as nomenclaturas das estruturas reprodutivas de angiospermas com as fases de vida em livros didáticos de Ensino Superior e em artigos científicos, além de classificá-las de acordo com a possibilidade de promover distorções. Criamos uma lista com as principais nomenclaturas das estruturas reprodutivas de angiospermas e, com base nela, realizamos a análise categorial dos livros e artigos. Os resultados mostram uma ausência de padronização, pois um mesmo livro ou artigo, ora utiliza uma nomenclatura sexual em referência ao esporófito, ora não atribui sexualidade. Portanto, recomendamos a padronização e a unificação dos termos, isto é, a adequação da nomenclatura de uma estrutura com a fase de vida da planta e o uso de um único termo para cada estrutura.
Assessment of neuromuscular electrical stimulation in critically ill patients: physical therapists’ knowledge and barriers to its use
Authors: Fernandes Janaina Almeida , Silva Marianne Lucena da , Trancho Ana Cristina , Macedo José Roberto de Deus , Martins Henrique Resende , Silva Paulo Eugênio
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT Transcutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is considered an important tool to prevent muscle mass and strength loss in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU). This study aimed to evaluate physical therapists’ profile and knowledge of NMES and identify the main barriers to its use in ICUs. This observational cross-sectional study was conducted via a structured questionnaire created by the authors. It consisted of 12 objective questions to analyze physical therapists’ knowledge of NMES use in critically ill patients. Physical therapists were invited to participate in this study during an international symposium on NMES. In total, 56 physical therapists, with a mean age of 33.5±7.2 years and working an average of 9.7±7 years after graduation, completed the survey. Overall, 34 respondents worked in ICUs, of which only four (12%) reported regular NMES use in their ICUs. We found a low average of correct answers to our questionnaire (25%; 3/12). The main barriers reported to using NMES in ICUs were lack of knowledge (28; 50%) and equipment (24; 43%). The number of correct answers expert and non-expert physical therapists was not statistically significant (p=0.68). Thus, we observed participants’ poor knowledge of NMES use in critically ill patients. Respondents showed that NMES has been underused in their ICUs. Lack of knowledge and equipment seems to be the main barriers for the use of NMES in ICUs.
Women’s knowledge about the physical therapist’s performance in women’s health
Authors: Maduenho Tatiane dos Reis Chagas , Driusso Patricia , Beleza Ana Carolina Sartorato , Reis Bianca Manzan
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the profile of knowledge of Brazilian women about the physical therapist’s role in women’s health. The women answered an online questionnaire containing: socioeconomic, demographic data, knowledge about the role of physical therapy in women’s health, and current health conditions. Descriptive analyses were carried out to characterize the sample, levels of knowledge and self-report of pelvic floor dysfunctions, and the association between general knowledge, self-report of dysfunctions, and knowledge of the sub-areas of physical therapy in women’s health. In total, 446 women from all regions of Brazil participated: 86.3% from the Southeast, 9.4% from the South, 1.6% from the Northeast, 1.3% from the Midwest, and 1.3% from the North. The mean age was 30.1±10.5 years; the self-report of pelvic floor dysfunctions was 20.4% urinary incontinence, 27.6% sexual dysfunctions, 25.8% intestinal symptoms, and 6.7% chronic pelvic pain. Of the participants, 61% had some knowledge about the role of physical therapy in women’s health and 96.9% would like to know more about this specialty. Although many women are aware of this area, a minority has been referred to or has undergone specialized physical therapy treatment for women’s health. There was a statistically significant association between the level of knowledge of women about the physical therapist’s role in women’s health with the self-report of pelvic floor dysfunctions and the level of knowledge of the sub-areas of performance.
Development of a responsive website to promote behavior changes in computer users
Authors: Giorgette Filho Evandro Carlos , Vieira Ludmilla Maria Souza Mattos de Araújo , Sato Tatiana de Oliveira
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT The increase in the use of technology for prolonged periods, both inside and outside of work, is associated with a sedentary lifestyle, a risk factor for several health problems. Change in this behavior can be promoted with the use of technologies. We aim to develop an interactive responsive website to promote behavioral changes in computer users. From a literature review, modifiable risk factors associated with health problems in computer users were identified. Messages were created to increase knowledge and promote behavioral changes in users. These messages include recommendations regarding breaks, adjustments in the workplace, physical exercise, hydration, among others. The messages are personalized, and the user includes personal information and current lifestyle habits. All this information was implemented in an interactive responsive website developed in JavaScript language and Node.js engine. The responsive website was developed, including the proposed features, and is available online. Future studies can evaluate the effectiveness of the responsive website in promoting behavioral changes among computer users, improving their health and quality of life.
Desenvolvimento de um site responsivo para promover mudanças comportamentais em usuários de computador
Authors: Giorgette Filho Evandro Carlos , Vieira Ludmilla Maria Souza Mattos de Araújo , Sato Tatiana de Oliveira
Published: December 2022

RESUMO O crescimento do uso da tecnologia fez com que os trabalhadores passassem a usar o computador por longos períodos, dentro e fora do trabalho. O uso prolongado de computadores está associado a um estilo de vida sedentário, sendo um fator de risco para diversos problemas de saúde. Porém, a transformação deste comportamento pode ser promovida por meio de tecnologias, como um site responsivo interativo que visa promover mudanças comportamentais em usuários de computador. A partir de um levantamento bibliográfico, foram identificados fatores de risco modificáveis associados aos problemas de saúde nessa população. Em seguida, foram criadas mensagens para ampliar o conhecimento e promover mudanças comportamentais nos usuários. Essas mensagens incluem recomendações a respeito de pausas, ajustes no posto de trabalho, exercícios físicos, hidratação, dentre outras. As mensagens podem ser personalizadas, bastando que, para isso, o usuário inclua informações pessoais e hábitos de vida atuais. Todas as informações foram implementadas em um site responsivo interativo desenvolvido em linguagem JavaScript e motor Node.js. O site responsivo foi desenvolvido, incluindo as funcionalidades propostas, e está disponível online. Em estudos futuros, poderá ser testada a efetividade do site para promover mudanças comportamentais nos usuários de computador, melhorando sua saúde e qualidade de vida.
Clinical methods of dynamic and quantitative evaluation of the shoulder and scapula complex: a scoping review
Authors: Beraldo Lucas Menghin , Silva Marcelle Guimarães , Candotti Cláudia Tarragô
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT The shoulder joint has the greatest range of motion and is the most susceptible to dysfunction. Dynamic and quantitative evaluations of this region provide better information for the clinic but the choice of the method depends on its measurement properties. This study aimed to identify the existing methods of quantitative dynamic evaluation of the shoulder and scapula complex, in a clinical context for the general population, identifying the measurement properties and outcomes of each method. The scoping review included in vivo studies, with samples without a specific clinical condition and involving applicable methods in a clinical context. We identified evaluated outcome, measurement method, and its measurement properties. We selected 29 studies that investigated 12 measurement methods, and evaluated their validity and reliability for 17 different outcomes. Most studies (n=21) addressed the position of the shoulder and the scapula and the derivative outcomes, using mainly the units of inertial measurement (n=5) and inertial magnetic measurement (n=6) as evaluation methods. The outcomes with valid and reliable methods were: shoulder joint range; scapula and shoulder motion range; muscle activity; shoulder joint center; humerus length; torque-time curve; functional performance; scapular dyskinesia; external shoulder rotators force; shoulder joint functionality and range; initial scapular movement; scapula and shoulder position; and shoulder angular velocity.
Treinamento muscular inspiratório na qualidade de vida e capacidade funcional na cardiotoxicidade: relato de caso
Authors: Petto Jefferson , Souza Pedro Elias Santos , Oliveira Francisco Tiago Oliveira de , Santos Pedro Henrique Silva
Published: December 2022

RESUMO Pacientes oncológicos desenvolvem problemas cardíacos frequentes devido à toxidade dos quimioterápicos, com consequente impacto na capacidade funcional (CF) e na qualidade de vida (QV). O treinamento muscular inspiratório (TMI) pode ser um recurso terapêutico viável, já que estudos de causa-efeito demonstraram melhora da CF e da QV em outras populações. Contudo, seu efeito ainda não foi avaliado em pacientes cardio-oncológicos. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o efeito de um programa de TMI sobre a CF e a QV de uma paciente com cardiotoxicidade: LDM, com 41 anos, mulher e sedentária, que desenvolveu insuficiência cardíaca após tratamento quimioterápico. A QV foi avaliada pelo teste de Minnesota. Foram avaliados também a força muscular inspiratória dinâmica (S-Index) e o limiar glicêmico (LG) dos músculos inspiratórios. O LG foi determinado pela glicemia capilar por meio do glicosímetro digital (Accu-Chek - Roche) no menor valor da glicemia da carga correspondente ao teste muscular inspiratório incremental (TMII). A progressão da carga foi realizada a cada duas semanas. Ao final de dois meses, todos os testes foram reaplicados. No teste de Minnesota, os valores relacionados à CF, antes e após o TMI, foram de 36 vs. 8 (melhora de 78%); aos aspectos clínicos e psicológicos foram de 32 vs. 7 (melhora de 78%), a S-Index foram de 41 vs. 51cmH2O (melhora de 24%). O TMI melhorou a CF e a QV de uma paciente cardio-oncológica, configurando-se como um recurso terapêutico viável para essa população.
Ergonomic risks and musculoskeletal symptoms in Instituto Federal Catarinense administrative technicians during telework in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Guimarães Bruno , Silva Thiago , Munhoz Diego , Landivar Priscila
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate musculoskeletal symptoms and ergonomic risks in telework environments of administrative technicians at the Instituto Federal Catarinense. In total, 142 administrative technicians who answered an online questionnaire about sociodemographic information, task performance, work environment, and musculoskeletal pain participated in the study. Data were analyzed by binary logistic regression separately for each outcome, using pain in the neck, right shoulder and low back pain as dependent variables. The prevalence of pain among administrative technicians was 92.7% and the most frequent regions were the neck, lumbar spine, and right shoulder. Mental overload (stress), inadequate worktable, monitor and work chair, lack of guidance on ergonomic risks and adaptations in the work environment were the main ergonomic risks. An association was observed between neck pain and administrative technicians who were mentally overloaded, did not practice any physical activity, did not have the table at elbow level, had neither forearms support nor used a mouse (but a touchpad instead); and right shoulder pain in administrative technicians who had no forearm support and used a touchpad. Also, low back pain was associated with mentally overloaded women who did not have footrest, table at the elbow level, or a chair with lumbar support and upholstery. The institution should provide adequate equipment and furniture and training the employees on the ergonomic risks at work.
HISTORY AND HISTORIOGRAPHY OF BRAZILIAN SPECIAL EDUCATION: A MAPPING IN SCIENTIFIC ARTICLES (2015 - 2020)
Authors: Cardoso Fernanda Luísa de Miranda , Martínez Silvia Alicia
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT The text presents a mapping in scientific articles that take a historical approach about Brazilian special education published between 2015 and 2020 and identified in the Capes Journal Portal, Google Scholar, and specialized journals. This paper contributes in general to the research fields of the History of Education and Special Education and, more specifically, with the histories of education policies, pedagogical practices, and teacher training. It offers a thematic itinerary by identifying, concentrating, categorizing, and systematizing the quantitative and qualitative data from 82 articles located, in addition to contributing to the circulation and dissemination of this knowledge. Among the challenges of research is its multi and interdisciplinary perspective.
ESTRATEGIAS POLÍTICAS INTERNACIONALES EN «EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL». ESPAÑA 1970-1980
Authors: Lorenzo Manuel Ferraz , Trujillo Cristian Machado , Rodríguez-Hernandez Juan
Published: December 2022

Resumen La Educación Ambiental se conforma como saber específico a finales de los años 60 y comienzos de los 70. La necesidad de concienciar a la población mundial sobre la conservación de la naturaleza fue impulsada, sobre todo, por la ONU, y especialmente por la UNESCO y el programa creado a tal efecto, el PNUMA. Además de ello, se consideró imprescindible introducir nuevos contenidos y prácticas en las instituciones educativas formales y no formales para coadyuvar en la estrategia mundial a favor de la preservación de la naturaleza y del medio ambiente. Estudiar cuál fue su plasmación en España durante el período del tardofranquismo y la Transición democrática ha sido el centro de análisis del trabajo que aquí les presentamos.
Clinical history speech-language pathology protocols: integrative review
Authors: Melo Amanda Tafnes Soares de , Barbosa Geovania Dias , Jesus Elisdete Maria Santos de , Matos Anna Luiza dos Santos , Santos Emanuele Mariano de Souza , Barreto Íkaro Daniel Carvalho , Alves Maria Vanessa Martins , Medeiros Andréa Monteiro Correia
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT Purpose to identify, collect and analyze in the scientific literature evidence of the existence of speech therapy protocols for collecting clinical history, according to risk classification, especially for oromyofunctional disorders, in infants and preschoolers. Research Strategy We selected published studies, without temporal delimitation, in the electronic databases LILACS, SciELO and PUBMED; and in the gray literature (Google Academic). Selection criteria available in full in Portuguese and English, which identify speech-language pathology protocols of clinical history applicable to infants (6 to 23 months of age) and preschoolers (24 to 71 months of age). Narrative and literature reviews (integrative, systemic, and scope) were excluded. Results 1371 Brazilian publications were found in the period from 1980 to 2022. Of these, only five publications on speech therapy protocols were identified for collecting previous data from the clinical history of the age group between 6 and 71 months. Only two of these protocols have a risk classification for speech-language disorders, distributed in the areas of language and fluency. The other three are from the Orofacial Motricity (OM) area and do not carry a risk classification for orofacial myofunctional disorder. Conclusion There are few speech therapy protocols for surveying the clinical history of infants and preschoolers, whether or not they contain risk classification, published in open access journals that have a complete validation process.Therefore there is a need for more research and publication of these instruments, including in the area of OM.
Impact of climate change on the flow of the Doce River basin
Authors: Costa Franciélli de Paula Dela , Buarque Diogo Costa , Brêda João Paulo Lyra Fialho , Föeger Lizandra Broseghini
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT This study verified the impacts of climate change on river flow in the Doce River basin, using the MGB and RCM Eta projections. Despite the differences between the trends, the basin will certainly be affected by the reduction of precipitation and the increase in temperature between 2025 and 2099. Results show considerable reductions in the trends of the average flow of the basin. In 2025 - 2049, these reduction trends are greater than 64% in 50% of river reaches, according to Eta-HadGEM2-ES RCP 8.5. In 2050 - 2074, the flows simulated with Eta-CanESM2 and Eta-HadGEM2-ES RCP 8.5 achieve reductions greater than 84% and 77%, respectively, in 50% of the simulated reaches. In 2075 - 2099 the reduction trends of Eta-CanESM2 and Eta-HadGEM2-ES RCP 8.5 are greater than 91% and 79%, respectively, in 50% of the drainage reaches.
A vida no quilombo: trabalho, afeto e cuidado nas palavras e imagens de mulheres quilombolas
Authors: Pereira Amanda dos Santos , Magalhães Lilian
Published: December 2022

As comunidades quilombolas no Brasil possuem uma relação essencial com o território, pois, por meio da relação com a terra, as quilombolas autoafirmam a sua identidade étnico-racial. Este estudo reflete sobre como as mulheres do quilombo da Pinguela, localizado no interior do estado da Bahia, Brasil, constroem a sua identidade. O projeto foi desenvolvido a partir do Photovoice e de narrativas construídas nos marcos do diálogo autêntico e da sororidade. Os resultados revelam as principais questões vivenciadas pelas mulheres em seus cotidianos, como a disputa pelo território e a valorização da terra, além do cuidado com a comunidade e relações sociais baseadas na solidariedade. O estudo evidenciou o silenciamento histórico e constante das dificuldades enfrentadas por essa população, assim como a necessidade urgente de implementação de políticas públicas que reconheçam e respeitem os valores e direitos da população quilombola brasileira.
Repensar a Saúde Coletiva e o papel das Ciências Sociais e Humanas em Saúde
Authors: Martin Denise , Pereira Pedro Paulo Gomes
Published: December 2022

Este ensaio analisa conflitos e potencialidades das Ciências Sociais e Humanas em Saúde (CSHS) no campo da Saúde Coletiva e os desafios de atuar em uma área interdisciplinar. Inicialmente, apresentamos algumas particularidades das CSHS, dialogando com tensões internas. Em seguida, as metodologias qualitativas e seus usos nas pesquisas em Saúde Coletiva são problematizadas, mantendo um diálogo com as demais áreas. Por fim, apresentamos uma reflexão sobre as perspectivas futuras das CSHS e possíveis caminhos teórico-metodológicos que aprofundariam a transversalidade da área. Repensar as relações entre as áreas provoca uma reflexão sobre uma possível e oportuna reconfiguração da própria Saúde Coletiva. Os desafios nos colocam a necessidade de repensar a noção de CSHS; e de indagar sobre a linguagem que estamos construindo e sobre o que podemos fazer.
ANÁLISIS DE LA VOCACIÓN DE LOS TUTORES DEL SERVICIO DE ACOGIMIENTO INSTITUCIONAL
Authors: Aguilar Tatiana Paola Saltos , Noboa María Isabel Ramos
Published: December 2022

Los niños expuestos a situaciones de riesgo como privación del medio familiar y negligencia parental necesitan de protección especial del Estado, en específico del Ministerio de Inclusión Económica y Social a través de Casas Hogares, servicios públicos de acogimiento institucional. Al estudiar la dinámica relacional de los usuarios y el personal que labora en la entidad se requiere determinar que los vínculos establecidos entre ellos sean éticos y vocacionales. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la vocación de las tutoras que laboran en el servicio de acogimiento institucional ubicado en la Zona 6 del Ecuador. La investigación se enmarcó en el contexto del paradigma cualitativo, de diseño etnográfico, con un alcance exploratorio. Se emplearon como técnicas de recolección de datos: la observación de campo y las entrevistas semiestructuradas basadas en categorías y subcategorías validadas por expertos. Las preguntas fueron contrastadas a través de un análisis de contenidos. Los resultados alentaron que la vocación es indispensable, le permite al tutor hacer intervenciones con base en un apego adecuado a través de vínculos seguros, para así facilitar sus actividades relacionadas con el trabajo de cuidado de la población acogida.
A SPATIOTEMPORAL-AWARE WEIGHTING SCHEME FOR IMPROVING CLIMATE MODEL ENSEMBLE PREDICTIONS
Authors: Fan Ming , Lu Dan , Rastogi Deeksha , Pierce Eric M.
Published: December 2022

Multimodel ensembling has been widely used to improve climate model predictions, and the improvement strongly depends on the ensembling scheme. In this work, we propose a Bayesian neural network (BNN) ensembling method, which combines climate models within a Bayesian model averaging framework, to improve the predictive capability of model ensembles. Our proposed BNN approach calculates spatiotemporally varying model weights and biases by leveraging individual models' simulation skill, calibrates the ensemble prediction against observations by considering observation data uncertainty, and quantifies epistemic uncertainty when extrapolating to new conditions. More importantly, the BNN method provides interpretability about which climate model contributes more to the ensemble prediction at which locations and times. Thus, beyond its predictive capability, the method also brings insights and understanding of the models to guide further model and data development. In this study, we design experiments using an ensemble of CMIP6 climate model simulations to illustrate the BNN ensembling method's capability with respect to prediction accuracy, interpretability, and uncertainty quantification (UQ). We demonstrate that BNN can correctly assign larger weights to the regions and seasons where the individual model fits the observation better. Moreover, its offered interpretability is consistent with our understanding of localized climate model performance. Additionally, BNN shows an increasing uncertainty when the prediction is farther away from the period with constrained data, which appropriately reflects our trustworthiness of the models in the changing climate.
Образовательные стратегии обучающихся: изменения за 20 лет
Authors: Шугаль Николай , Сутырина Татьяна , Озерова Ольга
Published: December 2022

В бюллетене представлен анализ образовательных траекторий и стратегий обучающихся за последние 20 лет по основным образовательным программам всех уровней образования, начиная с дошкольного и заканчивая подготовкой кадров высшей квалификации. Выявлены тенденции в формировании образовательных траекторий и факторы, влияющие на них.
Цифровые технологии в раннем и дошкольном возрасте
Authors: Михайлова Яна , Нисская Анастасия
Published: December 2022

В информационном бюллетене анализируются различные аспекты цифровизации дошкольного образования: доступ к устройствам, интенсивность использования, виды контента, уровень цифровой грамотности взрослого окружения, сходства и различия домашнего и образовательного контекстов цифровой социализации, практики повышения компьютерной грамотности дошкольников и риски их раннего включения в цифровую среду. Материал подготовлен по результатам опросов руководителей дошкольных образовательных организаций, педагогов и родителей, проведенных в рамках проекта НИУ ВШЭ «Мониторинг экономики образования» в 2020/2021 учебном году.
Совмещение учебы в университете и работы: от бакалавриата до аспирантуры
Authors: Бекова Сауле
Published: December 2022

Цель представленной работы — определить роль трудоустройства в успешности аспиранта, проследить связь между характеристиками трудоустройства и различными аспектами обучения и образовательных результатов. На базе нескольких крупных эмпирических исследований оцениваются масштабы совмещения учебы и работы на каждом этапе обучения в вузе и последствия массового совмещения на уровне аспирантуры. Помимо этого, в информационном бюллетене обсуждается, как учитывать массовое совмещение в деятельности аспирантуры и каким образом изменения в самóй аспирантуре могут в сложившихся условиях обеспечить повышение ее результативности.
621.1.HTC_H&E Stain (Paraffin or Cryosections) v2
Authors: S Pryhuber Gloria
Published: December 2022

Hematoxylin and Eosin staining is the standard chemical stain used on slides to be reviewed for assessment of general histopathology and the generation of a pathology report for each donor. (From Wikipedia) H&E is the combination of two histological stains: hematoxylin and eosin. The hematoxylin stains cell nuclei a purplish blue, and eosin stains the extracellular matrix and cytoplasm pink, with other structures taking on different shades, hues, and combinations of these colors. Hence a pathologist can easily differentiate between the nuclear and cytoplasmic parts of a cell, and additionally, the overall patterns of coloration from the stain show the general layout and distribution of cells and provides a general overview of a tissue sample's structure. Pattern recognition, by expert humans or by software that aids those experts in digital pathology, provides histologic information. This stain combination was first introduced in 1876 by A. Wissowzky.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE UKRAINE'S ECONOMY STRUCTURE IN WAR CONDITIONS
Authors:   Institute for Economics and Forecasting of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Shovkun I.
Published: December 2022

This study examines as a war, that undermined the economic security of the country, at the same time is deforming the structure of the national economy. The purpose of the article is to study the factors of structural deformation of the economy during the war; to analyze export specialization and the structure of the national economy; to consider the prospects for the development of long production chains as a prerequisite for structural progress. The factors of this deformation have been summarized, namely, the people death, their deportation by the aggressor; complete or partial shutdown of most enterprises; huge losses of key production factors (physical capital, labor, land); disruption of product supply and sales chains; limiting the availability of necessary production resources; loss of jobs and drop in income; market imbalance; destabilization of foreign trade. The composition of the export basket has been analyzed as a reflection of the national economy structure; and the dominance of raw materials and products with a low degree of processing in the export have been shown. Tendencies to narrowing of the variety of industrial activity types and products assortment have been revealed, which indicates the simplification of the national economy and the weakness of its innovative potential. The results of econometric modeling show that the density of inter-industry connections in the economics of the country is low, and the development of value chains is insufficient. The need to improve the structure of the economy through the creation of long production chains (which should combine the agricultural sector with the processing and service sectors) in order to increase the productivity and the growth rates of the economy has been substantiated.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN THE REGIONS OF UKRAINE UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARTIAL LAW
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv, Lozova G.M. , Klymenko V.V. ,   National Aviation University, Kozolianko I.V. ,   Taras Shevchenko national University of Kyiv
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the features and directions of digital transformation at the regional level in Ukraine. The purpose of the work is to study the concept of digital transformation; assessment of digital technologies in transport; analysis of Smart-city cases; development of measures for the digital transformation of the transport system of Ukraine at the regional level. In the process of research, the authors used dialectical and abstract-logical methods, which revealed the nature of digital transformation and identified its principles. The application of the logical method made it possible to enrich the scientific characteristics of the concept of "digital transformation". On the basis of systemic and synergistic approaches, directions for the implementation of digital technologies in transport were evaluated. Methods of analysis and synthesis were also applied to research the international practice of digitalization of the transport system at the regional level, as well as to develop proposals for the digital transformation of the transport sector in the regions of Ukraine. The concept of digital transformation in work is defined as a process based on a moving from traditional models, involves qualitative changes in business processes or ways of conducting economic activity, as a result of which digital technologies are implemented, which leads to significant socio-economic effects. The work noted that transport and logistics are the industries in which the economic effect of digital transformation is most tangible. The transport system is most receptive to the introduction of such digital technologies as: Internet of Things, unmanned and mobile technologies, identification technologies, blockchain, big data, paperless technologies, drones, robotic systems, artificial intelligence and neural networks. The cases of digital transformation of regions (EU and Canada) and the Smart City project, an integral component of which is transport, were analyzed in order to determine the possibilities of their implementation in Ukraine under martial law. A number of recommendations have been developed to ensure the digitization of the transport system of the regions of Ukraine and the directions for its implementation have been determined.
Visual field loss in eyes undergoing minimally invasive glaucoma surgery in Iceland
Authors:   Dep. Ophthalmology Landspitali National University Hospital, Jónsson Davíð Þór , Ólafsdóttir Ólöf Birna ,   Dep. Ophthalmology Landspitali National University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Gottfreðsdóttir María Soffía ,   Dep. Ophthalmology Landspitali National University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland
Published: December 2022

INTRODUCTION: Glaucoma is a degenerative disease of the optic nerve and is marked by visual field defects (VFD). The only approved treatment is IOP lowering, either with eye drops, laser or surgery. Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) has become an appealing treatment modality, offering IOP lowering effect without the complication rates of trabeculectomy or the patient adherence required for pharmacologic therapy. In this study we aim to describe the severity of VFD in patients undergoing their first MIGS surgery. METHODS: Retrospective study reviewing the medical records of all patients that underwent MIGS surgery at the University Hospital of Iceland from January 2019 to June 2020. Eyes with previous glaucoma surgeries and secondary glaucomas were excluded. The results were divided into two groups, MIGS with phacoemulsification and standalone MIGS. RESULTS: 112 eyes included in the study. Mean age 74.5 ± 10.6 years. The mean defect (MD) score was 8.8 ± 6.4 and the number of glaucoma medications 1.8 ± 1.0 for the group as a whole. Significant difference (p<0.01) was between the age, MD score and the number of glaucoma medications between the two groups. Looking at the eyes that did not undergo phacoemulsification a significant difference (p<0.05) was between the MD score of primary open angle glaucoma eyes, 11.2 ± 6.5 dB and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, 6.0 ± 3.3 dB. CONCLUSION: Visual field defect and the number of glaucoma medications at referral to surgery was markedly less compared to a trabeculectomy study done in Iceland 3 years prior. Few comparable studies include MD score in their results, most focus on changes in intraocular pressure. Comparing the MD score to three studies from Germany and Austria the MD score seems to be similar. In our study a lower MD score for pseudoexfoliation glaucoma implies that Icelandic ophthalmologists send pseudoexfoliation eyes earlier for an operation.
A Review of Hosting Enterprise SaaS with IaC on Multi-cloud Platforms
Authors:   Director of Cloud Engineering, Workday Inc., Pleasanton, California, USA, Achar Sandesh , Tisuela Nathaniel Louis ,   Software Engineer, Palo Alto, California 95035, USA
Published: December 2022

This paper explores the concepts of Enterprise Software as a Service (SaaS), the reasons for hosting a SaaS solution on a multi-cloud platform, and the benefit of using Infrastructure as Code (IaC) on a multi-cloud for quick provisioning. The paper also details the various challenges faced while adopting a multi-cloud solution. In conclusion, the paper recommends using multi-cloud and IaC to host all Enterprise SaaS solutions.
Investigation on Optimization Algorithms for Smart Home Energy Management with Different Electricity Pricing
Authors:   School of Electrical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India, Ramalingam Senthil Prabu , Shanmugam Prabhakar Karthikeyan
Published: December 2022

The focus of this paper is on energy consumption optimization in smart homes (with/without RES) and increasing the user comfort level. The paper presents a functional and adaptable home energy management system with RES and an energy storage device for designing and implementing Demand Response (DR) programs. The four meta-heuristic techniques: Genetic Algorithm (GA), Wind-Driven Optimization (WDO), Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) and Salp Swarm Optimization (SSA), are used to optimize the energy consumption cost for a home energy environment. In the process of identifying and proposing a dedicated home energy optimization algorithm, this paper investigated four optimization algorithms with four different pricing schemes: Time of Use (TOU) pricing, Real-Time Pricing (RTP), Critical Peak Pricing (CPP), and Day-Ahead Pricing (DAP) schemes. The results obtained using these pricing schemes are validated and compared in a common smart home environment. Further, the results show that by integrating Renewable Energy Sources (RES) and a battery reduces the electricity bill by 10.89% (without RES) and 38.88% (with RES), as well as the peak-to-average ratio (PAR) by 59.97% (without RES) and 64.98% (with RES) when compared to the energy consumption cost obtained without-scheduling technique. Moreover, without RES, the SSA algorithm based home energy management system outperforms the other algorithms particularly with the TOU pricing scheme.
Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds Removal in Kuwait Wastewater Treatment Plants
Authors:   the Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, Kuwait, Safat, 13109, Kuwait, Almatouq Abdullah , Ahmed Mohd Elmuntasir , Khajah Mishari , Al-Yaseen Rashed
Published: December 2022

This study presents the results of an analysis of the most common Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in wastewater samples from one of the largest wastewater treatment plants in Kuwait. Samples from four different locations (plant influent, aeration tank inlet, aeration tank, and plant effluent) were collected weekly and were analyzed for toluene, benzene, xylene, 1, 3, 5 trimethylbenzene, dichloromethane and chloroform. The results showed that all the selected VOCs were detected except benzene. The average concentrations of VOCs that entered the treatment plant were as follows: chloroform 0.22 ± 0.03 μg/mL, dichloromethane 0.18 ± 0.05 μg/mL, toluene 0.08 ± 0.01 μg/mL, O-Xylene 0.03 μg/mL, M-Xylene 0.01 μg/mL, P-Xylene 0.02 μg/ml, and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene 0.02 μg/mL. The concentration of VOCs during the treatment processes decreased for all the selected VOCs (treatment efficiency >98%), except chloroform, which has increased. The disinfection process in the treatment plant might have generated byproducts (such as chloroform) which could have increased chloroform concentration. In conclusion, all of the analyzed VOCs in this study were lower than the maximum level of VOCs in treated wastewater.
Extended Technology Acceptance Model for Multimedia-Based Learning in Higher Education
Authors:   Educational Technology Department, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait, Alsaffar Rabab Dawoud , Alfayly Ali , Ali Naser
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this research is to fill the gap in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in the context of multimedia-based learning in higher education. An additional variable - namely, subjective norm, has been added to TAM, and one of the main criticisms by the earlier researchers of it was that the model does not account for the human and social aspects of technology acceptance. The model has been empirically tested by the positivist paradigm of research using a sample size of 206 students in higher education in Kuwait, based on the convenience sampling method. A questionnaire survey through Google forms has been adopted to collect the quantitative data required for the study. The data was analyzed using the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) technique. Nine hypotheses were postulated based on the extended TAM, among which six hypotheses were supported, and accordingly, the model has been fine-tuned. The most important finding of the study is that subjective norm has a significant and positive impact on both perceived ease of use and attitude towards the use of multimedia-based learning systems; however, the subjective norm has no direct significant influence on the intention to use. The hypothesis testing results have led to practical implications in the form of suggestions to technology managers in multimedia-based learning to enhance system use. The research has both theoretical and practical implications, and hence, will be useful to both academicians and practitioners.
Implementation of Gamification in Programming Learning: Literature Review
Authors:   Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia, Maryono Dwi , Budiyono  , Sajidan  , Akhyar Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Student motivation is one of many issues within programming learning. For a variety of reasons, students consider programming to be a challenging topic. Gamification in programming learning has been found to increase students’ interest, engagement and motivation in learning. However, the use of gamification also has limitations in terms of technical aspects, implementation and results. This research investigates the use of gamification in programming learning and various conclusions derived from the Systematic Literature Review approach. This study has the following problem statements: 1) the obstacles faced by students in learning programming; 2) the technical implementation of gamification, such as the technology, features and game aspects employed; and 3) the influence of gamification implementation on programming learning. The findings of this study help in determining whether the use of gamification through game features can help students overcome obstacles.
A Teaching Demonstration Set of a 5-DOF Robotic Arm Controlled by PLC
Authors:   King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand, Kwantongon Jakkrit , Suamuang Wuttiporn , Kamata Kanyuma
Published: December 2022

Nowadays, there are various robotics courses and programs. The media in the robotics courses is vital in the classroom because it is set up in order to enable students to learn efficiently. Therefore, the goals of this study were 1) To develop a teaching demonstration of a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)-controlled 5-axis robotic arm, 2) To determine the efficiency of a 5-axis robotic arm controlled by PLC teaching demonstration set, 3) To explore the learners' learning achievement using the PLC-controlled 5-axis robotic arm teaching demonstration set. 4) To explore students’ satisfaction with a 5-axis robotic arm teaching demonstration set controlled by a PLC. This study based on experimental study, which included a sample group of 30 vocational students in the Diploma in Electrical Power who participated in the basic robotics course. From the evaluation of the efficiency of the built-in 5-axis PLC-controlled robotic arm teaching demonstration set. The robot arm was found that the efficiency of location and route testing was in accordance with international organization for standardization (ISO) 9283 requirements. Furthermore, students who studied with the robotic arm teaching demonstration set performed better than those who did not. The findings of the satisfaction survey found that students who learned with the 5-axis robotic arm controlled by PLC teaching demonstration set reported high satisfaction. Moreover, the developed teaching demonstration set could be used as a effective learning tool.