bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wolf in sheep’s clothing
Authors: Jayaranjeetham J. , Ramachandran Madhan , Sunitha V. C.
Published: July 2024

Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is an immune-mediated disease with a varied clinical spectrum. Osmotic demyelination is a condition characterized by hypernatremia following an episode of correction for hyponatremia. Our case report is about a patient who presented with features of central diabetes insipidus and an imaging diagnosis of osmotic demyelination. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, which later turned out to be AE based on the positive auto-antibodies.
Pengaruh Edukasi Kesehatan Terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Bahaya Fast Food pada Siswa SMAN 21 Medan
Authors: Aiga Nurkhalilah Pasaribu  , Aidha Zuhrina , Tanjung Nadya Ulfa
Published: July 2024

Fast food adalah makanan yang disajikan dalam waktu singkat. Kebiasaan mengonsumsi fast food secara berlebihan akan menyebabkan banyak gangguan kesehatan seperti obesitas atau secara umum disebut kegemukan. Perilaku konsumsi makanan cepat saji sangat pengaruh terhadap pengetahuan seseorang. Oleh karena itu peneliti ini melakukan edukasi kesehatan dalam upaya meningkatkan pengetahuan siswi terhadap bahaya fast food. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh edukasi kesehatan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan bahaya fast food pada remaja terkhusus pada siswa SMAN 21 Medan. Metode dalam penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan pendekatan eksperimen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 10 dan 11 di SMAN 21 Medan berjumlah 586 siswa, dengan sampel sebanyak 238 siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara memberikan kuesioner pre-test dan juga edukasi lalu memberikan waktu selama seminggu untuk melakukan post-test untuk melihat peningkatan pengetahuan siswi sesbelum dan sesudah edukasi. Dengan menggunakan analisis univariat dan juga bivariat. Penelitian ini memperoleh hasil yaitu frekuensi siswi laki-laki sebanyak 79 orang dan siswi perempuan sebanyak 159 orang. Pada uji One Sample Kolmogrov-Smirmov Test diperoleh rata-rata atau mean pada pre-test yaitu sebesar 14.9790 dan rata-rata atau mean pada post-test sebesar 18.3151. Dimana dari hasil tersebut ditemukan peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 3.3361. Pada hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh edukasi terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan tentang bahaya fast food pada siswa SMAN 21 Medan.
ИДЕАЛЫ МУЖЧИН-БАТЫРОВ (ЭПОСЫ «УРАЛ-БАТЫР» И ОЛОНХО «НЮРГУН БООТУР СТРЕМИТЕЛЬНЫЙ»): ТИПОЛОГИЯ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ
Authors: BULYAKOV Marat ,   Republican Center of Folk Arts of the Republic of Bashkortostan
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the images of two main characters from the epic Ural-batyr and the olonkho Nurgun Bootur the Swift by Platon Oyunsky, which are based on ancient mythological ideas of people about life, about the world around them, ideas about the struggle between good and evil, etc. A comparative study of the following plots in the epics is carried out: the birth of boys; the upbringing of adolescents; the actions of the main characters, etc. The aspect of behavioral stereotypes of batyrs in three worlds, the features of service for the benefit of unity, freedom and happiness of the people are studied. The relevance of this study lies in the fact that the study of the behavior and actions of the main characters allows us to identify their common features, and for the first time a comparative typological analysis of two epic heroes of the Bashkir and Yakut epics is made. The scientific novelty of the study consists in an attempt to artistically comprehend the features of the images of the main heroes of the olonkho Nurgun Bootur the Swift by Platon Oyunsky and the epic Ural-batyr. Particular attention is paid to the methods and techniques by which the image of the main hero is created. The purpose of the study is to identify the ideological and artistic features and the typology of differences in the images of Batyrs from the main epic monuments Ural-batyr and Nurgun Bootur the Swift by Platon Oyunsky. The main task necessary to achieve this goal is to conduct a comparative analysis of the images of batyrs in the epics of two Turkic peoples. A comprehensive study of artistic images allows us to reveal the actions of the heroes, which have spiritual and educational significance. The study revealed that the images of the Yakut and Bashkir epics have a number of similarities and differences due to the peculiarities of the worldview, mythological ideas and views of the peoples. The common idea is that men serve goodness and justice.
НАРОДНЫЙ ПЕВЕЦ Н. И. СТЕПАНОВ – НООРОЙ: ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ ФОЛЬКЛОРНЫХ И ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫХ ТРАДИЦИЙ
Authors: ILLARIONOV Vasily ,   M. K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, STEPANOVA Olga ,   Branch of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise VGTRK GTRK “Sakha“
Published: July 2024

This article touches on the problem of studying the interaction of folklore and literary traditions in the works of authors who came from the people, bearers of oral folk art. In Soviet times, in the literature of the peoples of the USSR, especially in newly written literature, folk singers played a significant role in poetic life. Their works successfully intertwined folklore and literary traditions: a certain synthesis of form and content occurred. In our work, we drew attention to the work of one author, Nikolai Stepanov – Nooroy, a member of the Union of Writers of the USSR, folk singer, olonkhosut, participant in the Great Patriotic War. The relevance of the article lies in the fact that until now the period of active creativity of folk singers of Yakutia, as authors, as creators of Soviet folklore, has been little studied. The subject of our research is the works of N. I. Stepanov – Nooroy, his songs and poems on Soviet themes. The work uses comparative, analytical, and analytical methods to reveal the interaction of folklore and literary traditions and the transformation of folk songs into original songs. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that this work studies the fusion of folklore and literary traditions, their interaction in the works of one author, a bearer of the traditional oral culture of the Sakha people. As a result of the study of the author’s poetic works on the Soviet theme, we concluded that in the poems, songs, and toyuks of N. I. Stepanov, the interaction of folklore and literary traditions is clearly observed. From the works of N. I. Stepanov it is clear that the folk singer, firstly, worked to preserve and transmit the traditions of folk art mainly in olonkho and toyuks, and secondly, he became one of the founders of a new type of folklore, a song genre called Soviet folklore. Stepanov’s songs about labor and workers can be considered historical, because they reflect reality and glorify real people. The writer’s poetic works on Soviet themes reflect historical facts and events of the Soviet period. His works have cultural value, and as works reflecting reality, they are a historical and cultural monument.
К ВОПРОСУ О ЦЕННОСТНО-СЕМАНТИЧЕСКОЙ РАЗНИЦЕ АВТОРСКИХ ПОДХОДОВ ПРИ ЛИТЕРАТУРНОЙ ОБРАБОТКЕ ПЕРВОЙ И ВТОРОЙ ЧАСТЕЙ ЭПИЧЕСКОЙ ПОЭМЫ «ДИГЕНИС АКРИТ»
Authors: MIRONOV Arseny ,   K. G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management
Published: July 2024

The question of the correlation between the first and second parts of the Byzantine epic poem “Digenes Akritas” is still insufficiently covered in academic literature. Thus, for example, Byzantine scholars highlight both this work’s semantic-value integrity, and the fact that the folk songs serving as the basis of it had presumably been of diachronous nature. This determines the relevance of the poem’s axiological analysis, aiming to compare its parts with one another, as well as to clarify whether the artistic organization of “Digenes Akritas” involves a certain degree of inner unity and coherence. According to the present article, the famous Byzantine epic poem, when systematically studied in such a manner, reveals itself as a work implying a fundamental difference between its various plot-compositional parts. Examining the poem in terms of the heroes’ motivational values – which are, as a consequence, decisive for the plot, – we have identified eight axiomotifs (one for the introduction, three for the first part, and four for the second one) and analyzed them successively. The results are of obvious regularity. Thus, the poem’s first part – the one depicting the main hero’s parents – presupposes a Christian value perspective (i. e., a plot emphasis put on the categories of neighbor, compassionate love, and the glory of God), while the life story of the protagonist himself focuses on such individualistic unchristian concepts as personal fame and personal honor. Digenes, even if depicted in the poem as a man of faith, turns out to be motivated only by his own interests, and never acts selflessly for the sake of other people, religious shrines or the glory of God. As a result, it is possible not only to emphasize the fact that the epic in question has been created on the basis of different folk works, but also to establish that these works have been processed by at least two separate individuals – one of them a practicing Orthodox believer, while the other a person completely alien to Christian values – and combined mechanically only later. Consequently, an axiological analysis of the poem “Digenes Akritas” allows one to understand its genesis and its semantic-compositional structure in a more complete way, while creating prerequisites for similar studies of other Byzantine folk and literary epics, among them “The Tale of Belisarius”, “The Lay of Armouris”, and the more recent “Acritic Songs”.
СРЕДСТВА ИСЦЕЛЕНИЯ И ВОСКРЕШЕНИЯ В ГЕРОИЧЕСКИХ СКАЗАНИЯХ ХАКАСОВ
Authors: CHISTOBAEVA Nadezhda ,   Khakas research institute of language, literature and history
Published: July 2024

Important components in stability of the tradition are stable poetic descriptions and epic formulas, in the structure of which reference words and phrases are necessarily found. The study purpose is to identify and describe magical objects with the semantics of “healing, resurrection”, contributing to the development of a certain plot and motifs in the epic narrative of the Khakas people. The realization of this purpose provides for the solution of the following tasks: identification and description of stable poetic descriptions using the example of magical objects with the semantics of “healing, resurrection”, with the detailed analysis of specific magical attributes, similarities and differences in the texts of different storytellers, determination of the degree of reference to the epic plot and motifs. The category of magic items under consideration includes: triple-joint grass, white flower, living water, lake with healing water, white silk handkerchief, whip with a golden handle, feather. The introduction of magical objects with the semantics of healing and resurrection into the poetic texture of the epic contributes to the further disclosure of the motifs associated with heroic matchmaking, with trials and exploits of the hero/hero woman. Despite the fact that the analyzed magical objects are not mandatory attributes, they contribute to the development of a certain plot in an epic piece of work, the connection of various sections of the text, ensuring their semantic coherence. The study relevance is due to the lack of research on the poetic and stylistic system of Khakas heroic tales. In the study, the consideration of certain ethno-poetic constants is very important, since they play an important role in shaping the structure and content of an epic plot. In Khakas folklore studies, this problem has been studied on a piecemeal basis. The scientific novelty of the work is in the fact that for the first time ethno-poetic constants are considered on the example of magic objects. The novelty of the research is also manifested in the fact that the information, revealed from folklore works, will significantly replenish the factual base of research in the field of studying the motivational fund of the Khakas people’s folklore. To achieve this goal, descriptive and comparative methods were used in the work.
АНАЛИЗ ЭТНОФОЛЬКЛОРНЫХ СВЕДЕНИЙ, СВЯЗАННЫХ С ПОХИЩЕНИЕМ НЕВЕСТЫ В КАРАКАЛПАКСКОМ ФОЛЬКЛОРЕ
Authors: BEKZHANOVA Bibiraba ,   Azhiniyaz Nukus State Pedagogical Institute
Published: July 2024

This article is devoted to the study of the custom of kyz alyp kashyu – kidnapping a girl, which has been preserved among the Karakalpaks to the present. The causes, forms and types have been identified. The peculiar features and place in wedding ceremonies are determined. Also, the article analyzes the historical and ethnographic motifs that testify to the ancient forms of bride kidnapping. Karakalpak folklore represents the most archaic layers of wedding rituals and traditions. In particular, folk tales, legends, and epics have preserved motifs related to marriage based on stealing the bride. In the work, the author shows with the help of ethnofolklore materials that the early types of bride kidnapping preserved in the texts of the Karakalpak epics differ from modern times. The motif zhaylap alyngan ҳayal or olzha ҳayal (“trophy woman”) in the Karakalpak epics has an archaic character, which is inherent mainly in the military-democratic period. One of the main requirements of a military-democratic society is the custom of kidnapping the women of the defeated side and marrying them. In another way, predatory marriage, marriage by capture, kidnapping, abduction of women is a primitive, very common form of marriage, in which the marriage union is established by forcibly (actually or feigningly) capturing a woman. These motifs are found in various variants. One of the plots that is characteristic of Karakalpak folklore is the unauthorized departure of a girl to her lover or the staging of her abduction by prior mutual consent, which is widespread among Karakalpaks today. The abduction of the bride is staged with or without the consent of the parents. According to the author of the article, the motifs associated with kidnapping the bride are peculiar not only to Karakalpak folklore, but also to other peoples and ethnic groups. This gives us the opportunity to discover the similarities and interrelationships of the Karakalpak people with other peoples. In addition, the author interprets the results of analyses of images associated with the motif of kidnapping the bride in such epics as Yedige, The Book of my grandfather Korkut, the legends Ketenler, Pedigree of Turkmen (Shazharai tarokima) and in field records conducted by the author.
Ichthyocenosis of the upper epipelagic layer in the Pacific waters of Russia during japanese sar-dine «renaissance» in the beginning of the 21st century
Authors: Ivanov O. A. , Radchenko V. I. , Shuntov V. P. , Starovoitov A. N.
Published: July 2024

Dynamics of integral parameters for the species structure in ichthyocenosis of the upper epipelagic layer in the Pacific waters off the Kuril Islands in 2019–2023 is discussed in compare with previously published data since 2004 in context of a new bloom of japanese sardine Sardinops melanostictus. Results of trawl surveys are clustered using the method of multi-dimensional scaling. Species composition in the trawl catches in 2004–2013, before the time of mass expansion of subtropi-cal migrants, as japanese sardine and chub mackerel Scomber japonicus, was distinguished by domina-tion of mesopelagic fishes of families Myctophidae and Microstomatidae and pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha. From 2014 to the present, the dominant positions in the ichthyocenosis were held by japanese sardine and chub mackerel, with a decreasing role of the latter. In the last pentade (2019–2023), the species structure of pelagic ichthyocenosis in the Pacific waters of Russia has not undergone fundamental changes. At the same time, the tendency has increased for uneven distribution of biomass between the species of fish community in favor of japanese sardine. The polydominance index decreased significantly (P < 0.05, t-test 4.33) from 4.85 ± 0.44 in 2004–2013 to 2.37 ± 0.21 in 2019–2022, and the index of evenness of species structure decreased from 0.41 ± 0.04 to 0.15 ± 0.02 (P < 0.05, t-criterion 5.25). Growth of domestic and foreign catches of japanese sardine in the second decade of the 21 century is a sign of this species bloom beginning.
Rational use of resources of red algae Ahnfeltia tobuchiensis
Authors: Aminina N. M. , Akulin V. N.
Published: July 2024

Resources of red algae Ahnfeltia tobuchiensis (Kanno et Matsubara) and volumes of this alga storm releases in the Okhotsk and Japan Seas are considered. In the last decade, the stable commercial stocks are maintained in the Izmena Bay (about 70∙103 t) and Peter the Great Bay (about 45∙103 t); the field in Aniva Bay is depressed with a tendency to disappear. Storm releases accumulate annually on shores of Peter the Great Bay about 5,000 t of A. tobuchiensis suitable for use in agriculture. Prospects for using the red algae as a source of various chemical compounds in the food industry and agriculture are described. Particular attention is paid to polysaccharides, pigments, polyphenols, peptides and other biologically active compounds. Recommendations are given for processing the storm emissions of A. tobuchiensis, primarily in organic farming.
On critical levels of ecological status for macrozoobenthic communities in Peter the Great Bay of the Japan Sea: model studies
Authors: Moshchenko A. V.
Published: July 2024

Representative sets of biotic and abiotic parameters were taken from maps of their distribution at the sea bottom, using interpolation. Good correspondence between real and modeled data was noted that allowed to engage the latter for correct estimation of the mean explained variance (MEV) by regression analysis. The magnitude and structure of MEV variability depended on external influence that proves possibility of its application as a measure for total effect of abiotic factors. Among many variants of the ecological stress index (PES), the more convenient for modeling was that one with the maximum correlation between distribution density or biomass of certain taxa and the total density or biomass of macrozoobenthos at stations (in samples). This approach provides better biological plausibility, as well, so as the benthic dwellers, like other animals, are very diverse in size and interspecific relations, that’s why the distribution density of a species correlates well with either total density or total biomass, and the same for biomass of a species. Results of in situ studies of PES dependence on MEV were confirmed by modeling with virtual MEV values. The difference between real and modeled PES values was statistically insignificant, but the MEV ranged wider in the models with virtual values and the dependence curve had weaker inflection when reached a plateau. The final dependence is S-shaped (r2 = 0.939), with the greatest curvature at 85.4 % of MEV (PES of 15 %), and the point of minimum or beginning of growth (beginning of the model curve plateauing) at 94.0 % of MEV (PES of 36 %). These levels are critical for macrozoobenthos communities. The PES level for the 2nd critical level was previously estimated as 30 %, but this value was corrected to 36 % by calculation with biologically more reasonable method.
A plant and method of cultivation for sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka, 1867)
Authors: Dolganov S. M. , Rogachev V. G. , Medvedev V. A.
Published: July 2024

A plant and method of the sea cucumber cultivation have been developed and successfully tested. The technology allows to grow sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (Selenka, 1867) from juveniles of the current year to adults of commercial size on grounds in unprotected water areas and bottom landscapes unfavorable for habitat of this species. The plant consisted of 5 open-type cages with the size 20x20x1 m mounted on the sea bottom and occupied the area of 400 m2 each (2000 m2 in total). The tests were carried out from the fall of 2018 to late November 2023. After the first two years, only 20.5 % of initial number of resettled factory juveniles had survived, then the number of sea cucumbers stabilized and their distribution density was on average 2.7 ind./m2 (364.4 g/m2) by the end of the experiment. The stock in the cages was replenished annually by larvae from the natural larval pool that was estimated in 6.9 % per year. Monthly weight gains were on average 2.6 g in the last three years of cultivation, though sea cucumbers grew in 3−4 times slower in winter than in summer. The body weight of sea cucumbers by the end of the experiment was 143.9 g/ind., on average. After 5-year exposition, the portion of commercial-sized sea cucumbers (weight ≥ 130 grams) in the cages reached 58.5 % by number and 74.7 % by biomass; their average body weight was 183.6 g. The density of such sea cucumbers distribution in the bottom open-type cages of the plant was 1.5 ind./m2 (272.2 g/m2), on average. Total yield of commercial-sized sea cucumbers harvested from the plant in late November 2023 was 435 kg.
Synergistic Photoprotection: Enhanced Stability of Vulpinic Acid through Interaction with Exocellular Polysaccharides
Authors: Mahmud Tanzil , Moore Derek , Dergachev Ilya , Sun Henry , Varganov Sergey , Tucker Matthew , Jeffrey Christopher
Published: July 2024

Lichens have been of great interest in exobiological studies due to their remarkable tolerance to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. These organisms employ extracellular pigments for screening high-energy solar radiation, allowing the photosynthetically active radiation to pass through and be utilized by the photosymbiont. These pigments are found co-occurring within polysaccharide scaffolds in the lichen cortex. Despite extensive studies on isolated lichen pigments, the potential role of exopolysaccharides (EPS) in the photoprotective system of lichens has remained unclear. We report detailed photophysical studies on the wolf lichen pigment vulpinic acid in pullulan, a polysaccharide that mimics lichen EPS. Solid phase studies demonstrate that the pigment’s photostability is greatly enhanced in the pullulan polysaccharide matrix. Analysis of ultrafast transient absorption infrared spectroscopy indicates potential interactions of the polysaccharide inhibiting the relaxation pathway of vulpinic acid upon UV photoexcitation. These polysaccharides interrupt an intramolecular proton transfer that traditionally leads to photodecomposition of the isolated vulpinic acid compound. These results suggest a crucial role of EPS in the photoprotective systems of lichens. The interaction between vulpinic acid and pullulan exemplifies a non-spectator role of polysaccharides in photoprotection, potentially contributing to the extraordinary resilience of lichens and cyanobacteria. This polysaccharide-pigment interaction may represent a general strategy among extremophiles to mitigate UV-induced damage, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in unraveling complex biological systems.
Nanocellulose from Rice Straw: Structural Color, Radiative Cooling and Sensing Properties of Fluorophore-doped Photonic Films
Authors: Mishra Utsav , Ansari Md Arman , Verma Anil , Panda Debashis
Published: July 2024

Irreversible consequences of the climate change caused by increased emission of anthropogenic CO2 drive the need for solutions to lower down the energy consumption for cooling purpose at least in living spaces. Carbon-neutral nanomaterial derived from lignocellulosic biomass remains the most preferred choice for such purposes meeting. In this work, the transreflective properties of nanocellulose extracted from highly abundant agricultural waste, rice straw (Oryza sp. Stems) have been explored. Self-assembly of nanocellulose (NC) generates predominate structural green color by wavelength-selected reflection. Organic fluorophores doped in NC films follow the molecular orientations of nanocellulose. Excited state dynamics of rhodamine B become faster in cellulose nanocrystal films over that in PVA/PVP film indicating crystalline nature of hydroxyl groups present in nanocellulose. The emissive property of intercalating dye, ethidium bromide is quenched owing to aggregation caused quenching. The radiative cooling potential of nanocellulose film has been explored owing to its low solar light absorption and high mid-infrared (MIR) emissivity at atmospheric transmission window (8-13 μm). The temperature of the insulated box is reduced by approx. 6 °C in the presence of NC film under solar simulator illumination. Nanocellulose/PVA electrospun nanofiber is uniform and smooth. Photoluminescent electrospun nanofiber can be utilized for acid-vapor sensing applications.
Mechanistic Understanding of a Bifunctional Electrolyte Additive as a Solvation-Property Modifier and Polysulfide Mediator for Enhanced Performance in Lithium-Sulfur Battery
Authors: Dai Huidong , Gallagher Colin , Bak Seong-Min , Gomes Luisa , Yang Kevin , Dong Ruizhi , Badhrinathan Srinidi , Zhao Qing , Du Yonghua , Pandey Gaind P. , Mukerjee Sanjeev
Published: July 2024

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries stand as promising candidates for next-generation energy storage systems, offering high specific capacity and cost-effectiveness. However, challenges persist due to the sluggish kinetics of polysulfides conversion and migration. Our study, employing operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and operando Raman spectroscopy, reveals that the 16-electron transfer reaction from S8 to Li2S during the sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) remains incomplete, contrary to the prevailing understanding. To address this issue, we introduce a novel bifunctional electrolyte additive, bis(4-nitrophenyl) carbonate (BNC), aimed at enhancing discharge kinetics, particularly for short-chain polysulfides conversion, while simultaneously immobilizing soluble polysulfides. Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy confirm that BNC modifies the lithium-ion solvation structure, leading to stronger interactions with Sx2-. The BNC-containing electrolyte exhibits an average reduction of 40.6% in activation energy associated with polysulfide formation compared to the baseline. Additionally, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping corroborated that the addition of BNC reduced sulfur deposition on the anode, thus mitigating the polysulfide shuttling effect. Moreover, via X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) analysis, the cathode with the baseline electrolyte demonstrated a pre-edge peak at 2471.5 eV, indicative of sluggish SRR kinetics. Furthermore, this study explores the optimal concentration of BNC, recognizing that excessive concentrations may exacerbate sulfur depletion and accelerate capacity decay. The 0.01 M BNC-containing electrolyte enhances kinetics and suppresses polysulfide shuttling, standing favorable against literature results with an areal sulfur loading of 4 mg/cm2. These discoveries provide valuable insights into understanding the kinetics of SRR in Li-S batteries and offer significant guidance for developing advanced electrolyte systems.
Planificación de una reestructuración sistémica de la unidad médica educativa de la Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral - UNCAUS
Authors: Budan Paola , Zachman Patricia , Campestrini Pablo , Andreu Ruben Ernesto , Chávez Emmanuel
Published: July 2024

En este artículo se presenta un proyecto para la reestructuración sistémica de la unidad médica educativa dependiente de la Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral, en Argentina. Esta unidad médica dispone de una variedad de datos sobre sus pacientes, que actualmente no se encuentran automatizados en una historia clínica por paciente. Esto dificulta obtener información con alto valor agregado para la toma de decisiones a partir de los mencionados historiales, como también el desarrollo de herramientas para el entrenamiento de los médicos en formación de la Universidad. Por ello, haciendo uso de técnicas y herramientas sistémicas, se planifican cambios tendientes a transformar los datos en conocimiento estructurado. Para conseguirlo, se prevé idear innovaciones que incorporen herramientas informáticas en general, como aquellas basadas en inteligencia artificial (IA), orientadas a la representación y manipulación del conocimiento, con el objetivo de crear modelos lo suficientemente potentes para estudiar situaciones de la vida real. Asimismo, para que la reestructuración sea sistémica, se idean mecanismos para que los actuales empleados acepten los cambios propuestos sin sentirse subestimados.
Heurísticas en la evaluación de la usabilidad de aplicaciones móviles: conceptos y aplicación
Authors: Barros Izabella , de Assis Santos Filipe , Candini Sharon
Published: July 2024

La usabilidad es un factor esencial en el desarrollo de productos e interfaces, pues busca que los usuarios puedan utilizar un sistema de manera eficaz, eficiente y satisfactoria. La definición de la Organización Internacional de Normalización (ISO), desarrollada en conjunto con la Comisión Electrotécnica Internacional (IEC, por sus siglas en inglés) destaca que la usabilidad está relacionada con la capacidad de un producto para ser utilizado por usuarios específicos para lograr objetivos específicos en un contexto determinado. Hay varias heurísticas y principios que se pueden aplicar para evaluar y mejorar la usabilidad de las interfaces. Entre ellos destacan los principios de eficiencia, learnability, memorability, satisfaction y errors. Este artículo presenta, a través de una metodología de revisión bibliográfica, los conceptos y aplicaciones de las heurísticas de usabilidad y su importancia en la evaluación de aplicaciones móviles. También presenta las heurísticas de Nielsen como la base más utilizada en el desarrollo de sistemas para evaluar la usabilidad de aplicaciones móviles.
Do reconhecimento ao protagonismo
Authors: Carrett de Vasconcelos Mara Lúcia , Granato Marcus
Published: July 2024

Esse artigo visa identificar e analisar os documentos patrimoniais e legislações referentes ao patrimônio cultural indígena, dando ênfase ao modo como esses instrumentos vêm abordando a preservação das coleções etnográficas e, mais atualmente, a gestão compartilhada com os povos indígenas. Para isso, foram consultados documentos produzidos no âmbito nacional e internacional, sendo selecionados aqueles que traziam em seu título ou conteúdo os termos tradicional, etnológico, etnográfico e/ou indígena. Foram identificados e analisados, no total, 16 documentos, dentre cartas patrimoniais, declarações, recomendações, políticas e legislações. Através da análise, foi possível verificar as transformações ocorridas no âmbito da valorização das coleções etnográficas indígenas, desde seu reconhecimento como patrimônio a ser preservado até o momento atual de indicação da gestão compartilhada com os grupos.
Museus vivos e em uso na poética de João Cabral de Melo Neto
Authors: Rodrigues Ribeiro Edneia
Published: July 2024

Imagens de museus são evocadas ao longo da poesia de João Cabral de Melo Neto. Aparece em título de livro, em alguns poemas e na prosa ensaística, como no disperso “Museu da poesia”, escrito em 1942. Para o poeta pernambucano, um livro (Museu de tudo), uma praça (a Jemaa-el-Fna, “Em Marraquech”) ou um relato oral ­(no poema “Mito em carne viva”) adquirem a dimensão de “museus vivos e em uso”. Dessa maneira, o presente trabalho buscará apontar a recorrência do termo “museu” na poética de João Cabral, a fim de analisar como suas ideias se diferenciam ou se aproximam de definições que regulamentam esse tipo de instituição.
Visions et usages du musée chez quelques auteurs russes:
Authors: Jurgenson Luba
Published: July 2024

L’article vise à saisir les enjeux existentiels des musées mis en scène par des écrivains russes qui, face à la révolution, puis à la terreur, réactualisent les grandes questions que pose la conservation muséale: s’agit-il d’une mise au rebut ou d’une résurrection? L’artefact y joue un rôle crucial, témoin de son temps ou objet “magique” qui permet de rappeler le passé et de lui redonner vie. Cette étude menée sur la littérature et la culture russes se veut cependant une réflexion plus générale sur le musée littéraire et sur le sens des scénographies mémorielles.
ótica Guarani Nhandewa sobre o papel e significado dos Museus Etnográficos no século XXI
Authors: De Oliveira Tiago
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo tem como objetivo central trazer a partir da ótica Guarani Nhandewa reflexões do papel e significado dos museus etnográficos no contexto atual. Compreender como esses museus tem contribuído para valorização da cultura indígena e quais ações tem sido feitas para que este espaço se torne um espaço de luta e resistência para esses Povos. O artigo é descritivo e etnográfico. Para a fundamentação utilizamos conceitos das experiências pessoais e empíricas de contato e participação nos eventos realizados em museus nos últimos anos, e referências bibliográficas na área da etnologia e museologia.
Digitalização para além do Inventário
Authors: Carrapatoso Thiago
Published: July 2024

A digitalização de acervo é vista majoritariamente como um meio de inventariar as obras e preservar sua imagem em uma versão digital. Os museus, contudo, não se dedicam a entender a obra que vive em um ambiente digital com a mesma importância que uma obra física em suas galerias. O objeto digital deve ser visto como algo a ser pesquisado, estudado e aprofundado pelos museus em suas tarefas diárias e não como algo excepcional de suas tarefas.
Uso de técnicas físico-químicas de análise como suporte na conservação, catalogação e investigação forense de acervos museológicos
Authors: Pereira de Freitas Renato
Published: July 2024

Nas últimas duas décadas, o uso de técnicas físico-químicas de análise na investigação de acervos museológicos, teve um grande aumento no Brasil. Esse aumento, ocorreu devido ao interesse de profissionais ligados a museus em utilizar essas ferramentas e também devido a avanços tecnológicos. Entretanto, ainda existem muitos desafios para sistematizar o uso dessas tecnologias, como uma ferramenta de suporte na rotina diária de trabalho de profissionais, que atuam em museus. Neste manuscrito serão abordados os benefícios dessas tecnologias como ferramenta suporte na conservação, catalogação e investigação forense de acervos museológicos. Além de atualizar o leitor, sobre alguns aspectos inerentes da análise físico-químicas de artefatos museológicos, serão apresentadas perspectivas de ações, que podem auxiliar na difusão do uso sistemático dessas investigações. Sendo uma das ações sinalizadas, a criação de uma base de dados, para alocar o resultado de todas investigações realizadas em acervos de museus brasileiros.
Limites do conceito de “exclusão social” e seu ocultamento dos fundamentos da “questão social”: implicações e desafios ao Serviço Social
Authors: SANTOS PAULO ROBERTO FELIX
Published: July 2024

O texto problematiza os limites e algumas das implicações do conceito de “exclusão social” para a apreensão da “questão social”, bem como seus desdobramentos teórico-políticos para o Serviço Social. Para tal intento, valemo-nos de revisão bibliográfica, com base na perspectiva crítico-dialética, apontando as principais nuances que contornam o debate e suas implicações. Ao realizarmos tal discussão,concluímos que, mais do que um novo conceito a ser incorporado no conjunto de abordagens teórico-metodológicas da profissão, a noçãode “exclusão social” pode constituir-se como um fetiche teórico-conceitual que oculta as principais determinações que configuram os fundamentos da “questão social”, sobretudo nos marcos da mais recente crise do capital, acarretando desafios à profissão na afirmação de um projeto de inspiração crítica.
Teletrabalho: a desigualdade de gênero em evidência
Authors: Amaral de Moura Janaína , Mitz Bernardes Guarany Alzira
Published: July 2024

Este artigo problematiza alguns dos efeitos do teletrabalho, adotado a partir da pandemia de Covid-19, na vida de servidoras do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (TJRJ). Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória e qualitativa, com realização de entrevistas de roteiro aberto. A investigação e a sistematização das respostas levaram em conta a análise de conteúdo. O material sistematizado foi examinado à luz da teoria social crítica do materialismo histórico-dialético. Os relatos apontaram para o aumento da demanda do trabalho reprodutivo e produtivo no cotidiano das servidoras, com custos físicos, emocionais e até financeiros adicionais na execução do teletrabalho. A condição imposta pela desigual divisão sexual do trabalho doméstico provocou ainda situações de conflito familiar. As respostas sugeriram que ocorreu o agravamento de sua condição de saúde, de forma que se pôde inferir que a experiência do teletrabalho exponenciou a desigualdade de gênero no grupo pesquisado.
Serviço Social e lutas sociais: relato de uma experiência naPrefeitura de São Paulo (1979-1982)
Authors: Duriguetto Maria Lúcia , Costa Abramides Maria Beatriz
Published: July 2024

O artigo trata do relato do trabalho de assistentes sociais e de demais profissionais vinculados a um órgão da Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo junto a um movimento de moradia no período de 1979 a 1982. Esta experiência profissional é explicitada em suas relações e articulações com o processo de reativação da organização sindical da categoria em uma conjuntura política de forte ascensão do movimento operário e sindical e de proliferação de diversos movimentos sociais. São tais processossociopolíticos que possibilitam a formulação de uma nova proposta de trabalho profissional no interior de um espaço sócio-ocupacional que tem como diretiva o estabelecimento de uma relação direta com os processos de mobilização e organização popular. Explicitamos aqui a implementação da referida diretiva e o processo de tensionamento, de repressão e de criminalização imposto pelo órgão institucional aos profissionais que estavam envolvidos na sua implementação e na sua defesa.
New Encapsulation of Fucoxanthin Isolated from Cyclotella striata by Nano Chitosan–Pectin using Ionic Gelation Method
Authors: Nahrowi Ridho , Solehati Siti , Widyastuti Widyastuti , Juliasih Ni Luh Gede Ratna , Pandiangan Kamisah Delilawati , Setiawan Andi , Hendri John
Published: July 2024

Fucoxanthin is an anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory bioactive compound. Unfortunately, the conjugated double bonds of the fucoxanthin structure make it unstable, posing issues for product development, particularly with regard to shelf life. This research study aims to synthesize nano chitosan–pectin and encapsulate isolated fucoxanthin by nano chitosan–pectin using an ionic gelation method. Fucoxanthin was obtained through isolation of microalgae species Cyclotella striata. The best result of nanoparticle size using a particle size analyzer was chitosan:pectin 1 : 2 of 172 nm. Fourier transform infrared analysis showed that there was an interaction between chitosan–pectin and fucoxanthin, which was characterized by a shift in the C O absorption fucoxanthin from 1736 to 1632 cm-1. The result of morphological analysis of nano chitosan–pectin–fucoxanthin using a scanning electron microscopeshows a spherical morphology with a size between 140 and 265 nm. The result of encapsulation efficiency was 75.18%, whereas encapsulation stability increased fucoxanthin oxidation half-life 4.7 times longer than that of unencapsulated fucoxanthin. The nano chitosan pectin could be utilized as a matrix conjugate to increase the stability of fucoxanthin significantly by encapsulation. This information is expected to be useful in developing encapsulation applications for unstable compounds.
Synthesis and Characterization of Perovskite Manganate Based on La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 with Ni and Ti doping as Microwave Absorber Material
Authors: Saptari Sitti Ahmiatri , Mar’ah Mufidatul , Taryana Yana , Sudrajat Nanang
Published: July 2024

Research has been carried out on the effect of Ni and Ti doping on the microwave absorption properties of the perovskite manganate material La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-xNix/2Tix/2O3 (LCMNTO) with variations x = 0; 0.03; 0.05; and 0.1, which were synthesized by the sol-gel method. The effect of Ni and Ti doping on the structure, grain size, magnetic properties, and microwave absorption properties were investigated in detail by various analytical methods. XRD (x-ray diffraction) characterization showed that the material La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-xNix/2Tix/2O3 has a single phase with an orthorhombic crystal system. The SEM (scanning electron microscope) results showed a tendency to decrease in grain size when the composition of Ni and Ti dopants began to increase. VSM (vibrating sample magnetometer) characterization shows that La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-xNix/2Tix/2O3 is a soft magnet with magnetic properties that decrease with increasing Ni and Ti dopant composition. The characterization of VNA (vector network analyzer) in the 8-12 GHz shows that the highest ability to absorb microwaves is 98% at 8.24 GHz, and there is an addition of absorption areas point and widening of the absorption bandwidth. Thus, the material La0.7Ca0.3Mn1-xNix/2Tix/2O3 has the potential to become a microwave absorber material.
Europium-Subsituted Bismuth-Based Superconductors: Structural and Thermal Analysis via Chemical Sol-Gel Synthesis
Authors: Salim Abed Firas , Abbas Lamia K.
Published: July 2024

The synthesis and characterization of Bi1.7-xPb0.3EuxSr2Ca2Cu3O10+δ superconductors with Eu substitution at varying ratios were investigated to determine their structural, electrical, and thermal properties. A sol-gel technique followed by calcination was employed to prepare samples with different substitution ratios. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used for structural analysis, electrical properties with aid of nitrogen fluid measured by electrical resistivity, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) conducted for thermal properties , and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were utilized for characterization" to improve clarity. XRD analysis revealed that the highest proportion of the high-temperature superconducting (HTS) phase occurred at a substitution factor of 0.2, corresponding to the highest critical temperature (Tc) value of 112 K. Raman spectra were conducting and showed a certain shifting with different substitution levels of Eu element. The thermal analysis highlighted the impact of substitution factor x on thermal stability, with the sample at x=0.2 exhibiting the highest thermal stability. TGA curves showed mass loss behavior for different x values, with distinct regions indicating the presence of residuals. The successful synthesis and characterization of these superconductors hold promise for practical applications.
Optimization of Nanoemulsion Formula Containing Erythromycin with VCO and Varying Concentrations of Tween-80 and PEG-400
Authors: Mardiyanto  , Mohadi Risfidian , Fithri Najma Annuria , Kurniawan Gilang
Published: July 2024

Erythromycin, a macrolide antibiotic is classified into Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class II which has low solubility in water. The low solubility corresponds to the bioavailability in the blood. One strategy to increase the solubility of Erythromycin is the formulation of erythromycin in nanoemulsion. This research aims to form nanoemulsion using the PIT (Phase Transition Temperature) method for obtaining the optimum formula of erythromycin nanoemulsion using virgin coconut oil (VCO) can be found with varying concentrations of Tween 80 surfactant and PEG 400 cosurfactant. The selection of the optimum formula was assisted by Design Expert software with the Factorial design method 22. The basis for determining the optimum formula is based on the results of organoleptic characterization tests, adsorption efficiency (%EE), percent transmittance, viscosity test, pH test, and stability test. The optimum formula was nanoemulsion which had a concentration of Tween 80 25% and PEG 400 25% as a desirability value of <1. The results of the optimum formula showed that the particle size was 170.6±12.8594 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) 0.403±0.04406, and zeta potential -8.8667±0.25697 mV and had an appropriate stability without phase separation during stability test.
Electromigration Effects in Overcurrent PVC-Insulated Copper Wire: Failure and Deformation Impacts
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Ali , Tarigan Kerista , Humaidi Syahrul , Ramdan Dadan , Siregar Yulianta
Published: July 2024

Electromigration is a critical issue in materials science and electrical engineering, significantly impacting the reliability and efficiency of electrical systems. This study investigates the electromigration behavior of PVC-insulated copper wires under various overcurrent conditions, focusing on material degradation and electrical performance. Copper cables, identified as 046620.3 Eterna CU/PVC 1.5 mm2, were subjected to currents ranging from 0 to 110 A. The mean time to failure (MTTF) was calculated using Black’s equation, revealing a sharp decline in MTTF with increasing current density. Surface morphology analysis using SEM showed the formation of voids and hillocks at higher currents, indicating severe electromigration damage. XRF analysis demonstrated significant changes in the elemental composition, particularly a reduction in copper content and an increase in chlorine and other elements, suggesting degradation of the PVC insulation. FTIR spectroscopy revealed substantial chemical changes in the PVC material, especially under extreme overcurrent conditions, highlighting dehydrochlorination and carbonyl group formation. There is a clear relationship between overcurrent conditions and electromigration phenomena, as evidenced by the observed damage to surface morphology, changes in elemental composition, and alterations in the chemical structure of PVC. The mechanisms and causes of electromigration are explained comprehensively in this work, illustrating how increased overcurrent accelerates the electromigration process, leading to the formation of voids and hillocks in the copper conductor. This damage is accompanied by a significant reduction in copper content and an increase in chlorine levels, indicating the degradation of PVC insulation. FTIR spectra further confirmed these findings by showing chemical changes such as dehydrochlorination and carbonyl group formation under high current stress. The MTTF values reflect the severity of these impacts, with samples exposed to higher currents showing drastically reduced lifespans. For instance, samples subjected to 100 A and 110 A currents exhibited MTTF values of 0.2 minutes and 0.004 minutes, respectively.
Hydrogen molecular ion 𝑯𝟐+. Magnetic M1 transitions
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Aznabayev Damir , Bekbaev Askhat , Korobov Vladimir
Published: July 2024

The magnetic dipole transitions in the homonuclear molecular ion 𝐻2+are obtained for a range ofand L, vibrational and total orbital momentum quantum numbers, respectively. Calculations are performed in the nonrelativistic approximation. The effects of the ion spin structure on M1 transitions are also considered. Numerical calculations were carried out on the basis of “exponential” variational expansion. One of the simplest and most fully developed areas of application of quantum mechanics is the theory of atoms with one or two electrons. For hydrogen and hydrogen-like ions, calculations can be performed strictly in both Schrödinger's non-relativistic wave mechanics and Dirac's relativistic electron theory. The exact calculations are rigorous for an electron at a fixed Coulomb potential. Therefore, the hydrogen-like atom provides an excellent material for testing the validity of quantum mechanics. For such an atom, the correction terms that take into account the motion and structure of the atomic nucleus, as well as quantum electrodynamic effects, are small and can be calculated with great accuracy. Since the energy levels of hydrogen and hydrogen-like atoms can be experimentally studied with anamazing degree of accuracy, it turns out that it is possible to test the correctness of quantum electrodynamics to some extent accurately.