bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ВЛИЯНИЕ МАРГАНЦА НА НЕРВНУЮ СИСТЕМУ: НОВЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД
Authors:   Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М.Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет), Королева А.А.
Published: July 2023

Марганец является одним из жизненно необходимых микроэлементов, который участвует в регуляции нейрохимических процессов в центральной нервной системе. Изучение и понимание биологии марганца, в частности на уровне клеточной регуляции, а также его роли в неврологических заболеваниях вызывает растущий интерес. Марганец – важный микроэлемент, необходимый для деятельности белков, таких как аргиназы и глутаминсинтазы. Однако при значительном избытке марганца в элементном статусе человека этот элемент токсично воздействует на его организм. Вместе с тем как дефицит, так и избыток марганца вызывает негативные симптомы у человека. Существуют марганец-зависимые и марганец-чувствительные пути, связанные с все чаще появляющимися доказательствами его роли в болезни Паркинсона и болезни Хантингтона. Цель работы – краткий обзор влияния марганца на нервную систему.
ВЛИЯНИЕ СЕРОВОДОРОДА НА ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ГЕМОСТАЗА, ИОНОВ Ca++ И РАЗВИТИЕ ПРИЗНАКОВ СЕНЕСЦЕНЦИИ В СОСУДИСТОЙ СЕТИ
Authors:   Астраханский государственный медицинский университет, Тризно Е.В. , Беднов И.А. ,   Астраханский государственный медицинский университет, Тризно М.Н. ,   Астраханский государственный медицинский университет, Давыдова Д.Р. ,   Астраханский государственный медицинский университет, Шур В.Ю. ,   Астраханский государственный медицинский университет, Дюкарева О.С. ,   Астраханский государственный медицинский университет
Published: July 2023

Сероводород (H2S) считается важным регуляторным газомедиатором, необходимым для гемоваскулярного гомеостаза. Однако физиологический эффект его воздействия значительно варьирует и зависит от концентрации. Цель работы – анализ показателей системы гемостаза и ионов кальция (Са++) в плазме до и после воздействия сероводорода. Материалы и методы. Для работы исследовали венозную кровь и срезы почечной ткани и артерий тридцати одной лабораторной крысы. Показатели свёртывающей, фибринолитической, антикоагулянтной систем и ионов Са++, а также морфологические изменения васкуляризованных тканей изучали до и после воздействия донора сероводорода – сульфида натрия (Na2S). Результаты. В результате воздействия патогена зафиксировано повышение уровня ионов Са++ в плазме, ускорение времени образования протромбиназы, в большей степени по внешнему пути, замедление фибринолиза, но усиление антикоагулянтного звена. В качестве параметров системы гемостаза изучали активированное частичное тромбопластиновое, протромбиновое и тромбиновое время, антитромбин III, фибриноген и XIIазависимый эуглобулиновый лизис. Среди клеток эндотелия и медиального сосудистого слоя наблюдались сенесцентные клетки, множественные признаки дегенеративных нарушений и сладжирование эритроцитов. Содержащие липофусцин сенесцентные клетки располагались диффузно в гладкомышечном васкулярном слое, а среди эндотелиальных клеток наблюдались гроздьевидные скопления. Заключение. Избыток сероводородных ионов способствует повышению ионов Са++ и формированию сенесцентных клеток, что фенотипически модифицирует эндотелиоциты и изменяет их регуляторную функцию в отношении системы гемостаза.
SELENIUM CONTENT IN GROUNDWATER OF THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA
Authors:   Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, Golubkina N. , Lapchenko V. ,   T.I. Viazemsky Karadag Scientific Station, Nature Reserve of RAS, Lapchenko H. ,   T.I. Viazemsky Karadag Scientific Station, Nature Reserve of RAS, Plotnikova U. ,   Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, Krainuk K. ,   Nikitsky Botanic Gardens
Published: July 2023

The main sources of essential trace element selenium (Se) to humans are plants, animals and water. Though Se concentration in water is low, the values are considered to be good markers of the environmental Se status. Se content in groundwater of 22 springs, wells and bottled water samples produced at the territory of the Crimea has been determined. Uneven distribution of Se at the territory of the Crimea was reflected in a broad concentrations range of the element from 0.082 to 7.85 µg/L with the highest values typical for Simferopol well and 2 samples of bottled water: ‘Crimean paradise’ and ‘Kula’ (1.25–1.38 µg/L). Two liters of water from Simferopol well provide up to 24% of the daily adequate Se consumption level. Chemical analysis of groundwater quality recorded high ecological risks connected with increased nitrates levels in more than 30% of samples investigated (up to 194 mg/L) and high mineralization (up to 1540 mg/L). Chemical analysis of fresh water demonstrated unsuitability for consumption of ‘Saki’ bottled water, characterized by significant MPC excess for nitrates (4.3 MPC), chlorides (1.4 MPC), fluorine (1.19 MPC) and mineralization (1.54 MPC). The work indicates the necessity of wide groundwater quality monitoring for the whole Crimean peninsula.
Elma (Malus domestica L.) Ağaçlarında Ateş Yanıklığı Hastalığının Rizobakteriler ile Biyolojik Mücadelesi
Authors: AŞAN Sevgi , DÖNMEZ Mesude Figen , TEMEL Işıl , ÇORUH İrfan
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışma, in vitro ve in vivo koşullarda farklı kaynaklardan izole edilen bakteri strainlerinin Erwinia amylovora’nın gelişimini engelleme potansiyellerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Patojen olarak Iğdır ilinde hastalık semptomu gösteren elma (Malus domestica L.) ağaçlarından izole edilen 5 E. amylovora straini kullanılmıştır. In vitro ortamda patojene karşı 130 bakteri test edilmiş ve bunlardan 34’ü etkili bulunmuştur. In vivo ortamda 34 bakterinin biyokontrol etkisi sürgün inokulasyonu ile test edilmiştir. Pseudomonas putida strain BY-6 ve Pantoea agglomerans MÜ-1 strainlerinin hastalığı % 80 oranında engelleyerek en başarılı strainler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer strainlerin ise % 9-60 oranında hastalık gelişimini engelledikleri saptanmıştır. Biyokontrol etkinliği tespit edilen strainlerin in vitro etki mekanizmaları (ACC-deaminaz, HCN ve siderofor üretimi, proteaz, selülaz ve kitinaz aktiviteleri) belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, etkili bulunan strainlerin patojenin entegre mücadele programına dahil edilmesiyle hastalık kontrolünde olumlu sonuçlar alınabileceği göstermektedir.
A Hybrid Mobile Application for Quality Grade of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Using Correlated Color Temperature
Authors: ŞENYER Nurettin , OKTAŞ Recai , ODABAS Mehmet Serhat , KURT Dursun , KARABOĞA Eren
Published: July 2023

Concerning tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) producers the size and color of the leaf are important factors in understanding the quality grade of tobacco leaves in the market. The color of tobacco leaves serves as an indicator of quality and is referred to as the maturity index when determining the optimal time for harvesting. In this study, a hybrid mobile application was developed to help determine the harvest time. CoLab was preferred as the backend. Python Imaging Library (Pillow) was used for image processing on the server side. Color correction was performed on the images taken with the help of X-rite. The correlated color temperature (CCT) value of the repaired images was calculated. The CCT values were calculated using the Ohno method. Quality grade (QG) was calculated using the mean CCT value. The data of the images obtained depending on the time were used in the application as a graphic. We present quality grade of tobacco automatically identifying the plant leaves in a given image with the help of the mobile application.
Biological Activity Evaluation of Scorzonera tomentosa L.
Authors: GÜÇLÜ Gülşen , ERUYGUR Nuraniye , UÇAR Esra , ÜLGER ÖZBEK Dilara , BAL Halil , AKPOLAT Aşkın , KAHRİZİ Danial
Published: July 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical components, antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant activity of 80% ethanol extract of Scorzonera tomentosa, an endemic species. The chemical constituents of the ethanolic extract of S. tomentosa was primarily characterized by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS), ten components were identified. The major component was found as 2-pentanamine (35.68%). When the antioxidant capacity of S. tomentosa was examined, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities were determined to be quite high compared to the reference drug (IC50 values; DPPH: 517.0 ± 1.86 µg mL-1; ABTS: 244.8 ± 0.94 µg mL-1; reference drug: 1.313 ± 0.24 µg mL-1). In addition, according to total phenol content and total flavonoid content analyses, it was determined that the plant is richer in flavonoids. The antimicrobial activity of this species is not at an effective level. More extensive studies with S. tomentosa may allow the plant to be used as a natural antioxidant.
İkinci Ürün Soya Yetiştiriciliğinde Farklı Toprak İşleme ve Ekim Yöntemlerinin Toprağın Bazı Fiziksel Özelliklerine ve Bitki Çıkış Oranına Etkisi
Authors: KARA Orhan , ARSLAN Emine , YILDIZ Mehmet , DENGİZ Orhan
Published: July 2023

Bu çalışma, 2018 ve 2019 yıllarında çakılı olarak yürütülmüş olup; buğday hasadından sonra ikinci ürün soya yetiştiriciliğinde, uygulanan farklı toprak işleme ve ekim yöntemlerinin T1: Geleneksel (Pulluk+goble diskaro+tapan+ekim makinası), T2: Azaltılmış (kombine rototil-çizel-merdaneli dişli tırmık+ekim makinası), T3: Azaltılmış (Goble diskaro+tapan+ekim makinası), T4: Anızlı sırta doğrudan ekim ve T5: Anıza doğrudan ekim toprağın bazı fiziksel özellikleri ile bitki çıkış parametrelerine etkileri incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, birinci ve ikinci yıl 0-10 ve 10-20 cm toprak derinliğinde en düşük toprak hacim ağırlığı değeri geleneksel toprak işleme ve ekim yöntemi (T1) uygulamasında elde edilirken, en yüksek toprak hacim ağırlığı değeri anıza doğrudan ekim (T5) uygulamasında belirlenmiştir. Toprak penetrasyon direnci değerleri, her iki yılda hacim ağırlığı değerleri ile pozitif bir korelasyon ilişki göstermiştir. Farklı toprak işleme ve ekim yöntemleri, ortalama çimlenme süresinin birinci yıl 4.87-5.14 gün, ikinci yıl 4.23-5.08 gün arasında değişmesine neden olmuştur. Ayrıca, her iki yıl için en yüksek tarla filiz çıkış derecesi sırasıyla % 91.18, % 94.95 olarak T4 toprak işleme ve ekim yöntemi uygulamasında belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, tarla filiz çıkış derecesini artıran anızlı sırta doğrudan ekim (T4) yönteminin ikinci ürün soya yetiştiriciliğinde üreticilere önerilebileceğini göstermiştir.
Evaluation of Heavy Metal Pollution in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Fields of Bafra Plain
Authors: BAYRAKLİ Betul , ÖZTÜRK Elif
Published: July 2023

Heavy metals are naturally present in the soils in trace quantity. Besides, some soils include these elements at high levels resulting from the weathering of minerals or human activities. Contamination of these metals has been of great concern in the environment interrelatedly with their toxicity, persistence and non-degradability. So, this article aimed to evaluate heavy metal pollution by using several pollution indices contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (CD), pollution load index (PLI), summarization of the sources of heavy metals, and change of these metals along soil depth. For this purpose, 10 coordinated soil samples were taken from 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm depths in the rice fields of Bafra Plain in Samsun-Türkiye. In these samples, some physico-chemical soil characteristics (texture, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter and lime content, available phosphorus and cation exchange capacity) and heavy metal contents Zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) were determined. According to the results, metal contents were determined between 39.79-58.44 mg kg-1, 32.15-68.31 mg kg-1, 75.68-132.6 mg kg-1, 11.95-18.02 mg kg-1, 0.001-0.278 mg kg-1, 61.88-102.5 mg kg-1, and 9.942-14.67 mg kg-1 for Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Cd, Cr and Pb, respectively. While Cd content was higher at 0-20 cm depth, Cr, Ni and Zn values were higher at 20-40 cm. Cu, Pb and Co values did not show significant change with depth. Average CF values for heavy metals were determined as Ni>Pb>Cr>Cu>Cd>Zn>Co. Degree of contamination values varied between 4.922-7.848 and PLI values varied between 0.946-1.028. In all elements, CF and CD values were classified in the group of low and moderate contamination. Besides, significant relationships were found between soil physicochemical properties, heavy metal concentrations and pollution indices.
Étude de la topographie des viscères abdominaux chez le dromadaire (Camelus dromedarius) en décubitus sternal
Authors: Ouhsine Ahmed
Published: July 2023

La topographie des viscères abdominaux chez le dromadaire (Camelus dromedarius) en décubitus sternal, a été étudiée sur 30 animaux des deux sexes, soit immédiatement après la rigidité cadavérique, soit après congélation à -22 °C selon une dissection attentive. Une description détaillée de la topographie des différents organes ainsi que la comparaison avec d’autres espèces de ruminants sont rapportées.
Ecocrítica(s)
Authors: Brugioni Elena , Melo Alfredo César
Published: July 2023

A ecocrítica se destaca entre os mais relevantes desdobramentos nos estudos literários contemporâneos, sobretudo no que tange ao campo da literatura comparada, da reflexão pós-colonial e do debate sobre literatura-mundial; trata-se, no entanto, de uma perspectiva teórica e analítica ainda pouco consolidada no Brasil, especialmente no âmbito da teoria e da crítica literárias. Tendo em conta a proliferação de categorias que de um modo geral pretendem observar o impacto (geológico) do humano em suas diversas subjetividades e através de perspectivas críticas distintas – antropoceno, capitaloceno plantationceno ou chthuluceno (Moore, 2016; Haraway 2015), entre outras – o ambiente, a ser entendido em sua inevitável convergência entre pessoas, animais, natureza e sistema-mundial capitalista, se configura como um tema e um problema também literário, oferecendo a possibilidades de se (re)definir a literatura – suas estéticas, formas e gêneros, bem como seus paradigmas críticos e conceituais – a partir de uma perspectiva eco-ambientalista.
A presença indígena brasileira nas Bienais de São Paulo
Authors: Marques Daiane
Published: July 2023

Este texto tem como objetivo refletir sobre a presença indígena nas Bienais de São Paulo, relacionando-a ao recente e crescente protagonismo indígena nas artes visuais brasileiras. Busca apresentar por um lado, um breve mapeamento desde a primeira edição, a partir da consulta em catálogos, materiais impressos, vídeos, fotografias e páginas virtuais que abordaram as temáticas. E por outro, analisar a participação de cinco artistas indígenas, que vivem em território brasileiro, na 34ª Bienal de Arte de São Paulo, onde foi realizado um trabalho de campo dentro do espaço expositivo, ocasião em que aliamos observação e captação fotográfica (olhar); conversas e entrevistas gravadas (escutar); notas em um caderno de campo (escrever).
Desain Pembiayaan Lembaga Pendidikan Islam: Telaah Implementasi Remunerasi di Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram
Authors: Samlan Samlan
Published: July 2023

This paper discusses the design of institutional financing at Mataram State Islamic University. The management pattern of UIN Mataram underwent automatic changes in financial, operational and human resource management due to the status shift from an ordinary work unit to a BLU work unit. As a result of the establishment of the BLU work unit, all components within UIN Mataram are required to improve service, performance and productivity as a form of public accountability reality. This is continuous with efforts to appreciate and improve the welfare of all employees at UIN Mataram. The implementation of employee welfare improvements is also motivated by the persistence of inequality in total income between work units, lack of equal distribution of income, and low-performance achievements. Therefore, the existence of a system for improving employee welfare through the provision of BLU remuneration at UIN Mataram will encourage and ensure an increase in public services, institutional performance and productivity.
Keywords: Badan Layanan Umum, BLU Remuneration, Islamic Higher Education
Abstrak: Tulisan ini membahas desain pembiayaan lembaga di Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram. Pola pengelolaan UIN Mataram mengalami perubahan secara otomatis dalam hal pengelolaan keuangan, operasional, dan sumber daya manusia sebagai akibat peralihan status dari satuan kerja biasa menjadi satuan kerja BLU. Akibat penetapan satker BLU ini menuntut seluruh komponen di lingkungan UIN Mataram untuk meningkatkan pelayanan, kinerja dan produktivitas sebagai wujud realitas akuntabilitas publik. Hal ini berkesinambungan dengan upaya mengapresiasi dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan seluruh pegawai di lingkungan UIN Mataram. Penerapan peningkatan kesejahteraan pegawai juga dilatarbelakangi oleh masih adanya ketimpangan total pendapatan antar unit kerja, kurangnya pemerataan penghasilan, dan rendahnya capaian kinerja. Oleh karena itu, adanya sistem peningkatan kesejahteraan pegawai melalui pemberian remunerasi BLU di lingkungan UIN Mataram akan mendorong dan memastikan adanya peningkatan pelayanan kepada publik, kinerja dan produktivitas kelembagaan.
Menelisik Ragam Model Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam
Authors: Samsudin Samsudin , Ambrin Ambrin
Published: July 2023

Education is a process of changing the attitudes and behaviour of individuals and groups to become human beings who develop their potential or nature, namely "Ulil Albab". Islam is the teachings the Prophet brought by referring to the Al-Qur'an and Hadith as a guide. Islamic religious education means changing the way of thinking and human behaviour to develop abilities according to the book's directions and hadith. Achieving educational success requires an effective and appropriate teaching model. In this discussion, the authors only focus on the nine models and their application in Islamic religious learning; Briggs Instruction, Assure, and Contextual models. The method used is qualitative with a library and phenomenological approach. The results of this study show that all learning models can contain PAI material by applying three points: theory, practice and behaviour.
Keywords: Model of Islamic Religious Education, Briggs Instructions, Assure, Contextual
Abstrak: Pendidikan merupakan proses mengubah sikap dan perilaku individu maupun kelompok menjadi manusia yang mengembangkan potensi atau fitrah yaitu “Ulil Albab”. Islam adalah ajaran yangh dibawa rasullah dengan berpedoman Al-Qur’an dan Hadits sebagai petunjuk. Pendidikan agama islam berarti mengubah cara pikiran adan perilaku manusia mengembangkan kemampuan sesuai arahan kitab dan hadits. Untuk mencapai keberhasilan pendidikan memerlukan model pengajaran yang efektif dan tepat. Dalam pembahasan ini penulis hanya fokus pada sembilan Model dan penerapannya dalam pembelajaran Agama Islam; 1). Model Instruksi Briggs  2). Model Assure 3). Model Kontekstual. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan kepuatakaan dan fenomenologi.  Hasil penelitian ini semua model pembelajaran dapat memuat materi PAI dengan menerapkan tiga poin yaitu ; teori, praktik dan perilaku.
Studi Literatur Review Sistem Informasi Perpustakaan Berbasis Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Authors: Atika Mutia , Sayekti Retno
Published: July 2023

Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi telah membawa perubahan yang signifikan dalam berbagai sektor, termasuk dalam domain perpustakaan. Penerapan teknologi informasi dalam perpustakaan menjadi sangat penting untuk mengubah citra perpustakaan tradisional menjadi perpustakaan modern yang lebih responsif terhadap kebutuhan pemustaka. Kemajuan teknologi informasi juga memungkinkan peningkatan kualitas layanan perpustakaan. Dalam konteks ini, penggabungan keterampilan dan teknologi baru, yang dikenal sebagai kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI), telah menjadi sebuah revolusi dalam layanan perpustakaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur untuk menyelidiki sistem informasi perpustakaan dalam era kecerdasan buatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berbagai bidang AI dapat diterapkan dalam mesin pengelola perpustakaan, termasuk sistem pakar, pemrosesan bahasa alami (NLP), struktur profesional (ES), jaringan saraf, agen cerdas, helmet, visi komputer, dan robotika. Penggunaan kecerdasan buatan juga telah diterapkan dalam layanan keamanan cerdas, di mana pengenalan wajah dan pengukuran suhu tubuh digunakan untuk melindungi pustakawan dan pemustaka, terutama selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Selain itu, AI juga memainkan peran penting dalam layanan perpustakaan, seperti layanan referensi menggunakan robot dan aplikasi sistem pakar, layanan penelusuran literatur dengan bantuan rak buku otomatis dan robot, serta layanan anak-anak yang dibantu oleh robot humanoid yang mampu mengajar kelas coding, bercerita, dan memberikan bantuan interaktif kepada anak-anak. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan sistem layanan perpustakaan dapat memanfaatkan kemajuan dalam teknologi AI. Kerjasama antara perpustakaan dan para ahli AI diperlukan untuk mengembangkan inovasi dalam layanan perpustakaan. Penelitian masa depan dapat memfokuskan pada penerapan AI dalam memprediksi kebutuhan pemustaka terhadap koleksi perpustakaan atau meningkatkan layanan lainnya dengan teknologi AI. Dengan demikian, perpustakaan dapat tetap relevan dan memberikan layanan yang sesuai dengan harapan dan kebutuhan pemustaka di era teknologi informasi saat ini.
Robust coverage control of multiple USVs with time-varying disturbances
Authors: Sun Qihai , Liu Zhi-Wei , Chi Ming , Ge Ming-Feng , He Dingxin
Published: July 2023

This paper investigates the problem of optimal coverage control for multiple unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) in the presence of time-varying disturbances. To solve this problem, the disturbance vector observer is designed to approximate the unknown time-varying disturbances. It is demonstrated that the estimated disturbance vector converges to the actual disturbance vector within a finite time. To achieve the optimal coverage effect of the task region, the control idea of layer-by-layer design is borrowed, and the desired velocities of the USV are designed. By following the desired velocities, the USV network can achieve the optimal coverage effect of the task region. Based on the estimated disturbances, a robust coverage controller is designed to achieve the tracking of desired velocities by the USV within a finite time, ultimately achieving optimal coverage effect of the task region by the USV network. Finally, corresponding simulation results are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Importance of Indigenous Cow Dung and its Microbiota
Authors: Banerjee Samanwita , Kanaujia Anil , Sharma Surbhi
Published: July 2023

Indigenous cows have a high potential for organic manure, which is required for organic farming, and in the near future, and will be the backbone of organic farming and India's agricultural economy. It increases plant resistance to pests and diseases, encourages plant growth, and promotes other beneficial activities such as sulphur oxidation and phosphorous solubilization. Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, B. subtilis, Enterococcus diacetylactis, Bifidobacterium, and yeasts (commonly Saccharomyces cerevisiae) are found in the lower part of the cow's gut. Cow dung contains beneficial microflora, including bacilli, lactobacilli, cocci, and a wide range of known and unknown fungi and yeast. Under NABARD sponsored organic farming project executed by ARF, it was observed that vermicompost made out of cowdung improves the texture, water holding capacity, organic carbon content and microbiota of soil for enhanced productivity per acre of land. This review highlights the significance of indigenous cow dung and its microbes in agriculture, industry, pharmaceuticals, and environment.
Anammox Process for Wastewater Nutrient Removal: Recent Trends and Future Prospects
Authors: Gandhi Khushi , Dua Molly , Afreen Huda , Kant Singh Ravi
Published: July 2023

Anammox (an abbreviation for anaerobic ammonium oxidation) is a reaction where specialized microorganisms with anamoxasomes carry out coupled oxidation reduction process where ammonium is oxidized, and nitrite is reduced to form dinitrogen. Here, nitrite is used as the electron acceptor under anoxic conditions. Anamoxasomes (phylum Planctomycetes) are strict anaerobes hence oxygen is not required for this process for treating nitrogen-rich wastewater. The Anammox process was discovered by Mulder in 1995 to avoid the need to add additional COD (chemical oxygen demand) to the system, it functions as an effective and affordable biological nutrient removal procedure in wastewater treatment. It is mainly done to protect the quality of the water body that it is discharged into. Algal bloom which is caused by fixed nitrogen such as ammonium and nitrate is avoided. Anammox is used as a better alternative approach for the removal of nitrogen from wastewater treatment as the bacteria requires less energy, reduces CO2 emissions, produces less excess sludge. It is also known as a low-energy consuming and ecofriendly technology. We can also observe increasing importance of anammox process. Therefore, this study reviews and discusses the current developments in anammox combined processes and its impact on wastewater treatment techniques.
Survey for Root-Knot Nematode Infestation in Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Fields in Mysore District of Karnataka, India
Authors: Basavaraj V. , Sharada M. S. , Mahesh H. M. , Sampathkumar M. R.
Published: July 2023

Phaseolus vulgaris L. belongs to the family Fabaceae, and also known as Common bean or French bean. There are numerous plant parasitic nematodes have been reported to be associated with French bean in India among them, Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne javanica are the most prevalent nematodes which makes the way for the secondary infection and disease complex with different pathogens like fungal and bacterial pathogens in the soil. A random survey was conducted for incidence of root-knot nematode in beans during September to December 2022 in Mysuru district of Karnataka state. Survey conducted in seven taluks comprising of twenty-three villages, the major symptoms recorded during survey are presence of root galls, yellowing, marginal and tip drying of leaves and galling and rotting of roots. The results revealed that, the mean root-knot index and mean egg mass index of French bean crops of Mysuru district ranged 3.69 and 3.56 respectively on a 0-5 disease rating scale. The overall mean soil nematode population per 200cc soil sample and mean root nematode population per 5g root sample of French bean crop ranged 722.60/200cc soil and 86.13/5g root respectively which is more than that of Economic thresh-hold level. If proper strategies are not adopted for their management, the French bean crops will result in higher economic loss. In order to mitigate the negative impact of nematodes in French bean production, there is the need for identity and promote the use of resistant cultivars along with these some integrated nematode management strategies has to be adopted.
Genotypic Characterization of Multi Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Isolated from Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients, Sudan
Authors: Mohammed Abdelbagi Eljayli , Abuzeid Nadir , Ibrahim Nuha Yousif , Osman T. M. , Ali Ibrahim Omer Mohammed , G. Tamomh Abdelhakam , Edriss Mohamed Ahmed Ibn , Mohamed Hussein Alaa Omer , Mohammed Ali Marwa Ebrahim Abdullah , Hamid Fadol Magbola Mohammed , Mohamed Nour Bakri Yousif
Published: July 2023

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis resisting at least isoniazid and rifampicin. MDR is a major public health threat in Sudan. This is a descriptive cross-sectional and hospital-based study conducted in Kosti teaching hospital, during the period from December 2019, to December 2021, aimed to determine the prevalence of Multi-Drug resistance among TB patients and to find the most risk factors associated with generating TB resistance, using Xpert MTB/RIF assay. One thousand sputum samples from suspected TB patients were applied on Xpert MTB/RIF automated sample processing and used for ZN stain. Blood samples from the same subjects were used for the detection of HIV infection by ICT. By gene Xpert method, MTB was detected in 218 subjects. Remarkably, out of 218MTB detected by Xpert MTB/RIF assay, 13/218 (5.9%) were positive for MDR. Participants who live in rural had higher rates of MDR 8(2.4%) than urban areas 5(0.8%) with a significant statistical association. The frequency of MDR is significantly lower in subjects aged 21-40 years compared to others. It is also lower in those who showed a negative result for bacillary level but higher in subjects who were positive for ZN stain 4(2.9%), with P less than 0.05. There was an emerging MDR-TB in White Nile State that needs prompt response via early diagnosis and management of TB patients along with social awareness.
Antibacterial Activities of Endophytic Fungi Liquid Cultures from Michelia champaca L. Plant
Authors: Sri Hastuti Utami , Khotimah Khusnul , Pratiwi Siti Hartina , Dwi Asparita Yulia , Kartika Sari Pratiwi , Abdini Aulia , Maria Immaculata Gabriela , Lorenzia Feby
Published: July 2023

Endophytic fungi can produce secondary metabolites containing antibacterial compound. Some species of endophytic fungi have been isolated from Michelia champaca L. plant, those are: Colletotrichum alienum, Geotrichum candidum, Rhizoctonia sp, Aspergillus ochraceus, Mycellia sterilia 1, Papulosporasp, Mycellia sterilia 2, Mycellia sterilia 3, Curvularia lunata, Colletotrichum kahawae, dan Aspergillus parasiticus. The aims of this research are: 1) To examine the antibacterial activity of each endophytic fungi species against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Propioni bacterium acnes, 2) to determine the endophytic fungi species that has the highest antibacterial activity. Each endophytic fungi isolate is inoculated on Potato Dextrose Agar plate medium, and incubated in 27oC during 7x24 hours, then cut with a sterile scalpel and inoculated into Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) medium and shaken at 120 rpm for 7x24 hours. Then the liquid culture was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes. Furthermore, the supernatant from each endophytic fungi was treated to E.coli, B. subtilis and P. acnes to examine the antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method. The research results showed that: 1) each species of endophytic fungi have antibacterial activity against E.coli, B. subtilis and P. acnes, 2) the Rhizoctonia sp. has the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli, Aspergillus parasiticus has the highest antibacterial activity towards B. subtilis, and Curvularia lunata has the highest antibacterial activity towards P. acnes.
Study on Ringworm in Donkeys: Risk Factors, Clinical Pathology, and Treatment in Alfola City, West Kordofan State
Authors: Mohammed Y. M. A. , Rawda Y. A. M. , Fangama M. I. M. , Hala A. E. , Siham S. , Abdella M. S. B.
Published: July 2023

The current study was carried out to identify and to evaluate some risk factors, clinical picture, pathological changes and treatment in donkey naturally infected by ringworm. A questionnaire was designed to 100 owners of suspected donkey with ringworm and included age, sex, breed, season, source of drug, drug use, lesion, housing, bedding, disposal of manure and animal purpose. A total of 36 donkeys naturally infected by the disease were examined visually (lesion shape, size, distribution, configuration and depth lesion). Health parameters were examined (respiratory and pulse rates ad rectal temperature). Blood for serum was taken to determine total protein, albumin, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, zinc and copper. Skin scraping was used for mycological examination and skin biopsy was taken for histopathological changes. The treatment was applied using clotrimazole cream (1%) and Azadireachta indica examination. The results of the respondents revealed that old animals were infected by the disease (43 owners), and males (60 owners) were infected more than females (40 owners). Most of the lesions appeared in winter (37 owners) and treated by antifungal (41 owners). The majority of these animals were tethered (48 owners) and their bedding was sand (63 owners). Health parameters of infected donkeys showed no statistically significant differences (P<0.05). But blood biochemical parameters revealed statistically significant difference at P-value 0.05 in infected animals. Mycological examination identified two genera and these were Trichophyton spp and Microsporm spp. histopathological changes were production of keratinized-epithelial cells, presence of inflammatory cells and mycelia around the hair follicles and desquamation of epithelial cells. All animals were treated by clotrimazole (1%) and 32 (88.8%) were recovered and also 27 (75%) were response to the herbal therapy. In conclusion, ringworm is spreading in donkeys in the study area and these animals are important for human purposes. The diagnosis of the disease can clinically, mycologically, histopathollogically and estimation of the blood chemistry. The herbal therapy can be developed as the drug for treatment of the disease.
Evaluation of Malathion Degradation by Bacterial Isolates from Agricultural Soil
Authors: Sharma Madhuri , Shrivastav Archana
Published: July 2023

Chemicals like pesticides, which are heavily used in Indian agriculture, have a negative influence on the environment, biodiversity, and the health of people and animals. The aim of this investigation is to find soil microbes that can break down the pesticide's malathion. This investigation shown Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the two bacterial isolates that demonstrated a significant capacity to carry out the breakdown of malathion.
Molecular Identification of Azithromycin Antibiotic Degradation Bacteria Isolated from Pharmaceutical Waste
Authors: Kumar Virendra , Shrivastav Archana
Published: July 2023

The biological removal of antibiotic residue in the environment has earned great interest. This study presented the biodegradation of azithromycin using B. cereus isolated from pharmaceutical waste. This azithromycin-degrading bacterial strain grew well in the range of temperatures between 25°C and 40°C under aerobic condition. On the basis of the observation of the morphology, Gram staining, the determination of biochemistry as well as the subsequent analyse of 16S rDNA, the No. 2 bacteria was identified as B. cereus strain. B. cereus also indicated the possibility to use for treating azithromycin, the degradation ability was higher. Thus, B. cereus could be utilized as an effective biological tool for removing azithromycin residue in the environment.
Role of Coconut Water, Gibberelic Acid in Vase Life of Existing Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) Genotypes in Chhattisgarh Plains
Authors: Sahu Rajeshwari , Singh J. , Mehta Nandan , Tirkey T. , Saxena R. R.
Published: July 2023

In order to improve the vase life of closed bud of indigenous sacred lotus cut flowers (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) collected from different village ponds, swamps and reservoirs from seven districts of Chhattisgarh Plains viz. Dhamtari, Balod, Durg, Gariyaband, Mahasamund, Kabirdham, Raipur districts of zone of Chhattisgarh plains, during the year 2017-18 and 2018-19.The experiment was performed based on completely randomized design with five treatments including tap water, 25 % coconut water, 50% coconut water,0.12 mM Gibberelic acid, 0.15 mM Gibberelic acid in three replication. In this study, characteristics such as fresh weight, dry weight, and water uptake and vase life were evaluated. The result showed that 50% coconut water has the maximum vase life (5.67 days) followed by 25 % coconut, 0.12 mM & 0.15 mM Gibberelic acid does not show significant difference. Fresh weight and dry weight of flower was maximum recorded under treatment tap water and water uptake is highest in 0.15 mM Gibberelic acid. Phenotypic coefficient of vase life of all the treatment was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation. The highest genotypic coefficient of variation was found under treatment (T1) in fresh weight of flower i.e.38.38, phenotypic coefficient of variation was ranged between 3.90 to 40.46. The highest phenotypic coefficient of variation was found under treatment T1 (Tap water) fresh weight is 40.46, the highest heritability was recorded for fresh weight of flower under T3 (97.90%) and highest amount of genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for fresh weight of flower under T1 (75.00%), followed by fresh weight of T3 (74.09%). High heritability accompanied with high genetic advance has been recorded for fresh weight of flower in T3 (97.90, 74.09), water uptake in T3 (89.60, 42.77) which indicates that the heritability for these characters is due to additive gene effect.
Badi Cultivation: Improving Nutritional Security of Marginal Farmer’s - A Case Study of Kabirdham District, Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Sahu Rajeshwari , Tripathi B. P.
Published: July 2023

Over time, smallholder farmers have adjusted their planting patterns and farming calendar to the onset, duration and end of the rainy seasons. However, with increasingly changing rainfall patterns due to climate change, their planting patterns and farming calendar no longer match seasonal rainfall distributions, which often lead to crop losses which soon or later affect the nutritional status of the members of family of farmer. In such case situation Badi’s located and developed near to house was able to mitigate not only daily additional livelihood but also as support to the nutritional requirement of the members of farmer’s family. With the Convergence of MGNREGA, NRLM, state Horticulture department schemes Badi’s are established at village that helps in nutritional security of the farm family and also supplement the needs of the vulnerable group (pregnant and lactating mothers and children below five years), to overcome the malnutrition and micro nutrient deficiency and other health consequences, it also improves the nutritional value chain by means of production, availability and stability.
Invitro Screening of Selected Medical Plants for their Anti-Bacterial Efficacy against few Clinical Isolates
Authors: Sharmah Himangsu , Mathiyazhaghan M. , Chaubey Binay , Sundaram K. Meenakshi , Prathap Lavanya
Published: July 2023

From ancient times, plants have been the primary source of several phytochemicals that have been crucial in maintaining human health. A variety of antibiotics including secondary metabolites that plants produce while under stress. Due to the advent of several multi-drug resistant strains, commonly available antibiotics lost their effectiveness, and it became the second biggest cause of death globally. It was critical to create brand-new, highly efficient antibacterial medications from plant sources that were affordable, had fewer side effects, and worked quickly to treat bacterial illnesses. This study examines the effectiveness of nine methanolic plant extracts against nine bacterial diseases that are frequently caused by bacteria.
Responses of Two Red Cabbage Hybrids to Nano NPK and Zinc Fertilizers (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata rubra)
Authors: Ahmed Ahmed Mohamed , M.S. Rasheed Sanaa , J. M. Zeebaree Pashtiwan , N. A Warhel
Published: July 2023

The experiment was indicated in the field condition at protected cultivation Department/ in Zakho Technical Institute/Dohuk Polytechnic University, Kurdistan Region/Iraq, during the winter growing season (2021-2022), which aimed to investigate the effectiveness three levels of nano NPK (0, 1 and 2 g l-1) and three level of Zinc fertilizers (0, 2 and 4 g l-1) on growth and yield of two red Cabbage hybrids (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata rubra) plants. Results showed that the Zeina hybrid plants superior to Tropicana hybrid in all parameter weight of plants, number of Leaves per Head, Weight of head, head circumstances, head length and total yield. While the plants treated with and 1 g l-1 nano NPK fertilizers had significantly influenced on number of leaves per head, weight of plants, weight of head, head circumstance, total yield, when compared with control. Additionally, increased concentrations of nano NPK fertilizers sprayed on plants to 2 g l-1 caused a significantly increase of weight of head and stem diameters. Furthermore, the plants sprayed with 4 g l-1 Zinc fertilizers had significantly affected on number of leaves per head, weight of head, stem diameter and total yield. Whereas, head weight and length of head significantly increased when plants treated with 2 g l-1 Zinc fertilizers. Further research is needed to investigate whether the other cabbage cultivar and higher concentrations nano NPK and Zinc fertilizers than used in this research will give the better parameters.
Study of the effects of climatic conditions on the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Austrian and Montenegrin red wines
Authors: Eder Reinhard , Pajović Šćepanović Radmila , Raičević Danijela , Popović Tatjana , Korntheuer Karin , Wendelin Silvia , Forneck Astrid , Philipp Christian
Published: July 2023

We evaluated the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of 30 red wines from Austria (cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon, Blaufraenkisch and Zweigelt) and 20 wines from Montenegro (cv. Cabernet-Sauvignon and Vranac) from three consecutive vintages: 2014, 2015 and 2016. We determined spectrophotometrically the contents of total phenol (TP), total anthocyanin (TA) and low- and high-molecular-weight proanthocyanidins (LMP and HMP respectively). We identified and quantified 18 phenolic compounds (hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids, stilbenes and flavan-3-ols) by high-performance liquid chromatography. In addition, we used Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for chemical analyses of the main wine parameters. Austrian autochthonous wines exhibited a similar chemical composition (alcohol 12.4 vol%, pH 3.38). Blaufraenkisch wines showed higher TP, HMP and LMP than Zweigelt wines; however, TA content was similar. Blaufraenkisch wines also showed higher phenolic acid, flavan-3-ol and stilbene contents than Zweigelt wines. Montenegrin autochthonous Vranac wines showed a typical chemical composition (alcohol 13.0 vol%, pH 3.42), and medium to high levels of phenols: TP, HMP, LMP, TA, HCA and flavan-3-ols. On the other hand, they showed a moderate stilbene content. Cabernet-Sauvignon wines from Austria and Montenegro exhibited some similarities in phenolic composition: TP, HMP, LMP and TA. There were notable variations in the phenolic acid and flavan-3-ol contents, especially the stilbene content, which was much higher in the Austrian wines than in the Montenegrin wines. These findings evidence an important impact of climatic conditions on these compounds. The antioxidant activity in all investigated wines was high and correlated strongly with TP, total phenol index, HMP and LMP in wines. The vintage influenced the chemical composition and content of all examined phenolic groups, except flavan-3-ols. Wines from the vintage with the best maturity (2015) contained the highest content of spectrophotometrically determined phenolic compounds and lowest level of phenolic acids and stilbenes. Principle component analysis showed that wines were mainly discriminated by variety and origin but not by vintage.
BOOSTING IN DISSENTING OPINIONS: TYPES AND LEXICAL REALIZATIONS
Authors:   Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Boginskaya O.A.
Published: July 2023

The paper explores the role of boosting as a metadiscourse feature used by justices in dissenting opinions to challenge the majority decisions and convince an audience. The aim is to identify the types of boosting and lexical items used for indicating certainty and commitment. As the study aims to analyze how boosting is realized linguistically, the methods of quantitative and interpretative analysis were applied. The study revealed that the justices make extensive use of boosters to show disagreement and persuade the audience to agree with their views. For this purpose, they use four types of boosting, including certainty boosters, intensity boosters, solidarity boosters, and extremity boosters with a quantitative predominance of the first type.
LINGUOCREATIVE MODELING OF DISCOURSES OF DIFFERENT MODALITY IN CONTRAST: SCREENPLAY VS. FILM
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zykova I.V.
Published: July 2023

The article contains the results of a comparative study of linguistic creativity, carried out on the material of a screenplay and a film, representing discourses with different types of modality. The author has developed the criteria for selecting research material and an algorithm for its analysis by means of the method of parameterization of linguistic creativity. The research has established the elements of the text of the screenplay and the verbal system of the film, which are relevant and irrelevant for the study of linguistic creativity in these types of works. The data obtained reveal a variability in the use of linguocreative means in the screenplay and film, which is an important indicator of the text transformations produced. It is shown that the specificity of the linguocreative modeling of the screenplay and the film is determined by the difference in the activity of the lexical parameters of linguistic creativity that quantitatively prevail in both studied works. The method elaborated and the results obtained help to step further towards the goal of understanding the phenomena of linguistic and multimodal creativity.
THE CONFLICT-FREE PRINCIPLE OF LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION
Authors:   Derzhavin Tambov State University, Boldyrev N.N.
Published: July 2023

The article formulates the principle of conflict-free language communication that grounds in effective conceptual interaction of its participants and determines its effectiveness. Considering it strictly within the linguistic context the author posits a conflict-free communication as normal communication, excluding contradictory, ambiguous functional interpretation of language unit semantics, as well as undesirable inferences and implications evoked by hearer’s processing the information received in linguistic form. The analysis of factors ensuring conflict-free communication results in reasoning that the most important among them is alignment of the communication participants’ conceptual systems that means their sharing general and professional knowledge by its volume and structure, having common world views, opinions, and evaluation criteria, as well as normative use of lexical units, phraseology, and grammar. The research discloses cognitive and language strategies and tactics of conflict-free communication through the analysis of mechanisms and specific means of meaning creation and interpretation used by the participants, by listing language ways of avoiding ambiguous meaning interpretations related to possible negative implications and inferences.