bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
50 Años de la Escuela de Enfermeria de Guadalajara
Authors: Pascual Benito Mª Isabel , Martínez Helena Hernández
Published: February 2020

Durante este curso 2018/19, se cumplen 50 años del inicio de los estudios de Enfermería en Guadalajara. En 1968, el Instituto Nacional de Previsión crea la Escuela de Auxiliares Técnicos Sanitarios Femeninos de la Residencia Sanitaria de la Seguridad Social «Fernando Primo de Rivera», vinculada a la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Madrid. En 1980, los estudios pasan a ser universitarios, cambiando la titulación a Diplomatura Universitaria en Enfermería, y el centro a Escuela Universitaria de Enfermería (EUE) INSALUD-Guadalajara adscrita a la Universidad de Alcalá. En 2002, al transferirse las competencias sanitarias pasa a denominarse EUE SESCAM-Guadalajara. El 21 de diciembre de 2006 se firma el convenio entre las Consejerías de Sanidad y de Educación y Ciencia de la JCCM y la Universidad de Alcalá por el que se integra la Escuela a la Universidad como centro propio con efecto a partir del curso académico 2006/07, denominándose EUE de Guadalajara y siendo trasladada al Edificio Multidepartamental. Desde los cursos 1980/81 a 2008/09 se diploman 29 promociones. En el curso 2009/10 se implantan los estudios de Grado en Enfermería. En junio de 2011, se constituye la Junta de Centro y en diciembre de ese mismo año, la Escuela pasa a Facultad de Enfermería de Guadalajara. En 2012, como consecuencia del proceso de fusión de Centros, el Grado en Enfermería de Guadalajara pasó a formar parte de la creada Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud. Llevando hasta el curso académico actual, 2018/19, tituladas 6 promociones de Graduados/as.
Más allá del ecocardiograma en el diagnóstico de la insuficiencia cardiaca
Authors: Roel Conde Ana , Muñoz Míriam Estébanez , Hernández Carmen Gonzalez , Sánchez David Martí
Published: February 2020

La amiloidosis es una enfermedad sistémica causada por la acumulación extracelular en diferentes tejidos de una proteína mal plegada. Entre los tipos más frecuentes encontramos la transtiretina (TTR) que se subdivide en dos entidades, la TTR mutada que es hereditaria y la TTR wild-type. Cursa con una clínica heterogénea entre la que destaca la insuficiencia cardiaca restrictiva que supone la principal causa de mortalidad. La amiloidosis cardiaca por transtiretina es una entidad infradiagnosticada en la actualidad y requiere una alta sospecha clínica. Presentamos un caso de un paciente de 84 años que ingresa en Medicina Interna por un cuadro de insuficiencia cardiaca descompensada. El ecocardiograma y la RM cardiaca muestran signos de miocardiopatía restrictiva secundaria a amiloidosis que se confirma en el estudio histológico de grasa subcutánea y se establece finalmente el tipo de amiloide mediante la gammagrafía con tecnecio-difosfato. Esta entidad precisa un manejo específico y presenta un pronóstico que difiere de otros tipos de insuficiencia cardiaca.
Aprendizaje basado en congresos. XII Congreso de Educación Médica en la Universidad de Alcalá
Authors: Estrada Costas Celia , Rubio García Paula
Published: February 2020

El XII Congreso de Educación Médica organizado por el Consejo Estatal de Estudiantes de Medicina (CEEM) con sede en Universidad de Alcalá es el encuentro anual más importante para el estudiantado de Medicina a nivel nacional. Este evento pretende ampliar la formación en aspectos científicos y sociales de los futuros profesionales de la salud. En este estudio se analiza la utilidad y calidad del aprendizaje basado en congresos mediante dos encuestas enviadas al estudiantado de medicina antes y después del congreso. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó un test de diferencias porcentuales. Nuestros resultados muestran la eficacia del Congreso como herramienta innovadora de aprendizaje en el Grado en Medicina. Por esto se considera adecuado seguir fomentando las actividades organizadas por los colectivos de estudiantes.
Actualización en el tratamiento de la coinfección por VIH y VHC en pacientes adultos
Authors: Rial Crestelo David , Torralba González de Suso Miguel , Rodríguez Zapata Manuel
Published: February 2020

Resumen: El presente artículo es una revisión sobre el tratamiento del VHC en pacientes infectados por el VIH. Se aborda brevemente el contexto epidemiológico, la interacción existente entre ambos virus, y la historia natural e inmunopatogenia del VHC. Posteriormente se analizan las estrategias históricas (que incluían el interferón pegilado) y las actuales con los nuevos agentes antivirales directos. Se profundiza en las indicaciones, el concepto de respuesta viral sostenida, la eficacia, la toxicidad, y el tratamiento en situaciones especiales como la infección aguda por VHC o el trasplante hepático. Por último, se aborda la evolución de la fibrosis hepática, el trasplante hepático, el riesgo de hepatocarcinoma y el impacto poblacional de la curación de la infección por VHC.
Infección por VIH en el primer mundo: ¿Qué nos queda pendiente?
Authors: Moreno Guillén Santiago
Published: February 2020

El presente trabajo aborda el concepto de fragilidad, la epidemiología en población general y en pacientes que viven con infección por VIH (PVCV) y su importancia. Se describen los principales instrumentos que detectan y cuantifican la fragilidad y analiza el impacto que la fragilidad tiene en la morbi-mortalidad. Se estudian cuáles son las estrategias terapéuticas ante la fragilidad haciendo hincapié en la terapia multicomponente. Por último, esta revisión se centra en la fragilidad en el paciente con infección por VIH. Se estudia la prevalencia y las variables asociadas con la fragilidad en esta población específica. Se señalan las dificultades del estudio en este grupo de pacientes dado los problemas metodológicos en el diagnóstico con escalas no validadas y se insiste en la necesidad de una herramienta que de forma rápida permita evaluar la fragilidad para alertar de una comorbilidad, o para iniciar un programa de intervención multidisciplinar.
MBI (Mindfulness Based Intervention). Desarrollo profesional y salud laboral
Authors: Larrubia Ansón Ángela
Published: February 2020

Se ha llevado a cabo un MBI (Mindfulness Based Intervention) dirigido al colectivo de profesionales de empresa, y en concreto de empresas multinacionales en el sector de Tecnologías de la Información con más de 3000 empleados en España. Estas personas se encuentran sometidas a altos niveles de presión personal y profesional, presentando muy frecuentemente un alto estrés laboral con gran dificultad de conciliación entre su vida personal y profesional y con una percepción de elevada inestabilidad laboral lo que provoca en muchos casos una alta reactividad emocional, bajo nivel de motivación y elevado burnout. El MBI realizado consiste en una acción formativa de Mindfulness de seis semanas con contenidos basados en el protocolo MBSR (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction Program de la UMASS) y una duración total presencial de 20 horas. Esta acción formativa se aplica a cinco grupos de 10 a 12 personas a lo largo de un período de 8 meses, con un total de 56 participantes. El objetivo básico del MBI es aumentar en los participantes la capacidad de percepción y regulación de la atención, la consciencia de uno mismo y del momento presente, disminuyendo la reactividad emocional y la tendencia al juicio continuo como vía de mejora del clima laboral, la motivación y la productividad en la empresa. Los resultados obtenidos tanto cuantitativos con FFMQ: Five Factor Mindfulness Scale y MAAS: Mindful Attention Awareness Scale como cualitativos mediante input directo de los participantes, parecen respaldar claramente la consecución de estos objetivos para este tipo de colectivo, reafirmando a su vez las conclusiones obtenidas en publicaciones previas acerca de los efectos de la práctica de Mindfulness.
Presentación
Authors: Ambrústolo Pablo , Zubimendi Miguel Ángel
Published: February 2020

El presente número especial de “COMECHINGONIA. Revista de Arqueología” presenta una compilación de ocho artículos inéditos que resultan de exposiciones realizadas en el Simposio “Arqueología de cazadores recolectores de ambientes costeros y litorales del Cono Sur”, efectuado en el marco del XIX Congreso Nacional de Arqueología Argentina, en la ciudad de San Miguel de Tucumán en agosto de 2016.
Taxonomic notes on Trigonostemon (Euphorbiaceae) in the Philippines
Authors: Yu R.-Y. , Agoo E.M.G. , Callado J.R. , van Welzen P.C.
Published: February 2020

Descriptions of five Trigonostemon species in the Philippines (four endemic) are updated with taxonomic notes based on herbarium collections and field observations. A new species of Trigonostemon is described. All species treated here are illustrated with photos. The formerly
uncertain species, T. stenophyllus, is now synonymized with T. filiformis. In addition to T . pentandrus, three more Trigonostemon species are reported to cohabit with ants. A new identification key and an updated identification list of Trigonostemon species
in the Philippines are provided.
PECULIARITY OF HYBRID ENTREPRENEURS – REVISITING LAZEAR’S THEORY OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Kurczewska Agnieszka , Mackiewicz Michał , Doryń Wirginia , Wawrzyniak Dorota
Published: February 2020

The aim of this study is to explore and elaborate the concept of hybrid entrepreneurship, i.e., a simultaneous mix of self-employment (entrepreneurship) and salary employment. Lazear’s theory of entrepreneurship is assessed in terms whether it can explain the phenomenon of being a hybrid entrepreneur. The hypothesis is that the probability of linking a salary job with one’s own business increases with the variety and level of education gained, the broadness of professional and management experience but also the level of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. The hypotheses are tested with multivariate logistic regression, using survey data gathered from 1600 entrepreneurs. In light of the results, Lazear’s theory cannot be unambiguously extended to the case of hybrid entrepreneurs. Although the probability of being a hybrid entrepreneur increases with broader professional and managerial experience, at the same time it diminishes as the level and diversity of education increase. The results suggest that hybrid entrepreneurs are an importantly discrete population and therefore need to be treated separately. The theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
Diffuser-assisted Infrared Transit Photometry for Four Dynamically Interacting Kepler Systems
Authors: Vissapragada Shreyas , Jontof-Hutter Daniel , Shporer Avi , Knutson Heather A. , Liu Leo , Thorngren Daniel , Lee Eve J. , Chachan Yayaati , Mawet Dimitri , Millar-Blanchaer Maxwell A. , Nilsson Ricky , Tinyanont Samaporn , Vasisht Gautam , Wright Jason T.
Published: February 2020

We present ground-based infrared transit observations for four dynamically interacting Kepler planets, including Kepler-29b, Kepler-36c, KOI-1783.01, and Kepler-177c, obtained using the Wide-field Infrared Camera on the Hale 200 inch telescope at Palomar Observatory. By utilizing an engineered diffuser and custom guiding software, we mitigate time-correlated telluric and instrumental noise sources in these observations. We achieve an infrared photometric precision comparable to or better than that of space-based observatories such as the Spitzer Space Telescope, and detect transits with greater than 3σ significance for all planets. For Kepler-177c (J = 13.9), our measurement uncertainties are only 1.2 times the photon noise limit and 1.9 times better than the predicted photometric precision for Spitzer IRAC photometry of this same target. We find that a single transit observation obtained 4–5 yr after the end of the original Kepler mission can reduce dynamical mass uncertainties by as much as a factor of 3 for these systems. Additionally, we combine our new observations of KOI-1783.01 with information from the literature to confirm the planetary nature of this system. We discuss the implications of our new mass and radius constraints in the context of known exoplanets with low incident fluxes, and we note that Kepler-177c may be a more massive analog to the currently known super-puffs given its core mass (3.8

) and large gas-to-core ratio (2.8 ± 0.7). Our demonstrated infrared photometric performance opens up new avenues for ground-based observations of transiting exoplanets previously thought to be restricted to space-based investigation.
Applying Information Theory to Design Optimal Filters for Photometric Redshifts
Authors: Kalmbach J. Bryce , VanderPlas Jacob T. , Connolly Andrew J.
Published: February 2020

In this paper we apply ideas from information theory to create a method for the design of optimal filters for photometric redshift estimation. We show the method applied to a series of simple example filters in order to motivate an intuition for how photometric redshift estimators respond to the properties of photometric passbands. We then design a realistic set of six filters covering optical wavelengths that optimize photometric redshifts for z <= 2.3 and i < 25.3. We create a simulated catalog for these optimal filters and use our filters with a photometric redshift estimation code to show that we can improve the standard deviation of the photometric redshift error by 7.1% overall and improve outliers 9.9% over the standard filters proposed for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). We compare features of our optimal filters to the LSST and find that the LSST filters incorporate key features for optimal photometric redshift estimation. Finally, we describe how information theory can be applied to a range of optimization problems in astronomy.
A New Mechanism for Maunder-like Solar Minima: Phase Synchronization Dynamics in a Simple Nonlinear Oscillator of Magnetohydrodynamic Rossby Waves
Authors: Raphaldini Breno , Medeiros Everton , Raupp Carlos F. M. , Teruya Andre Seiji
Published: February 2020

The long-term solar cycle variability and Grand solar minima remain open questions from a theoretical point of view. Recently, a growing basis of evidence points out to the role of the magnetic Rossby waves in the solar cycle. Here we present a simple deterministic model, based on a low-order spectral representation of the barotropic quasi-geostrophic-magnetohydrodynamic equations for the Solar tachocline. This model supports the idea of the long-term behavior of the solar activity as a result of nonlinear interaction of magnetic Rossby modes. Solutions show that Rossby waves undergo irregular switches between periods of high activity and periods of suppressed activity, resembling the Maunder minimum. Low-energy states in the model are associated with the synchronization of the dynamical phases of the waves. These irregular transitions in the amplitudes of the waves are reminiscent of the observed time series of the solar activity. This suggests that Maunder-like states arise from chaotic transitions between regimes with different degrees of organization in the system.
Diseases of Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae) in China: Curvularia nanningensis sp. nov.
Authors: Zhang Qian , Yang Zai-Fu , Cheng Wei , Wijayawardene Nalin N. , Hyde Kevin D. , Chen Zhuo , Wang Yong
Published: February 2020

Five Curvularia strains isolated from diseased leaves of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) in Guangxi Province, China, were examined. NCBI-Blast searches of ITS sequences suggested a high degree of similarity (99–100%) to Curvularia akaii, C. akaiiensis, C. bothriochloae, C. heteropogonis and C. sichuanensis. To accurately identify these strains, we further analysed their morphology and phylogenetic relationships based on combinations of ITS, GAPDH, and tef1 gene sequences. Morphological observations indicated that the key character differing from similar species was conidial size, whereas phylogenetic analyses indicated that the five strains represent one species that is also distinct from C. akaii, C. akaiiensis and C. bothriochloae by conidial size and conidiophore length. Thus, the strains examined are found to represent a new species described herein as Curvularia nanningensis. The pathogenicity test on the host and detached leaves confirmed the new species to be pathogenic on Cymbopogon citratus leaves. Standardised requirements for reliable identification of Curvularia pathogens are also proposed.
A new genus of the tribe Sarimini (Fulgoromorpha, Issidae) from the Guangxi Province of China
Authors: Wang Menglin , Bourgoin Thierry
Published: February 2020

A new genus with a new speciesEusarimissus hezhouensisgen. nov. et sp. nov.from Guangxi Province of China are described in the tribe Sarimini of the family Issidae. Molecular sequences of 18S, 28S and COXI genes are provided for the new taxon. Phylogenetic analysis places this taxon sister to a previously sequenced but not yet described Sarimini genus ‘Eusarimasp. 4’. Taxonomic notes are provided for the genusEusarimaYang, 1994. The species Eusarima (Nepalius) iranica Gnezdilov & Mozaffarian, 2011 is transferred to the genusSarimaMelichar 1903.
A new species of Ithome Chambers (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae, Chrysopeleiinae) from the Atacama Desert revealed by morphology and DNA barcodes
Authors: Espinoza-Donoso Sebastián , Bobadilla Dante , Huanca-Mamani Wilson , Vargas-Ortiz Marcelo , Vargas Héctor A.
Published: February 2020

Morphology and DNA barcode sequences were used to assess the taxonomic status of a micro-moth of the genus Ithome Chambers, 1875 (Lepidoptera, Cosmopterigidae, Chrysopeleiinae), whose larvae feed on inflorescences of Prosopis tamarugo Phil. (Fabaceae), a tree native to the Pampa del Tamarugal, Atacama Desert, northern Chile. As a result, Ithome tamarugensis Vargas, sp. nov. is described and illustrated. Its genitalia are remarkably similar to those of Ithome tiaynai Vargas, 2004 from coastal valleys of the Atacama Desert. However, the two species can be recognized by the shape of the phallus in males and the shape of the antrum and ductus bursae in females. The genetic distance between DNA barcodes of I. tamarugensis and I. tiaynai was 3.0–3.3% (K2P), and a maximum likelihood analysis indicated that they are in reciprocally monophyletic clusters, providing additional support for the heterospecific status suggested by morphology.
Ancyronyx clisteri, a new spider riffle beetle species from Borneo, redescription of A. sarawacensis Jäch including a description of the larva and new distribution data for A. procerus Jäch using DNA barcodes (Coleoptera, Elmidae)
Authors: Kodada Ján , Jäch Manfred A. , Freitag Hendrik , Čiamporová-Zaťovičová Zuzana , Goffová Katarína , Selnekovič Dávid , Čiampor Jr Fedor
Published: February 2020

Ancyronyx clisterisp. nov.(Coleoptera, Elmidae) a new spider riffle beetle discovered from northern Borneo (Brunei; Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia) and the larva ofAncyronyx sarawacensisJäch are described. Illustrations of the habitus and diagnostic characters of the new species and the similar and highly variableA. sarawacensisare presented. Differences to closely related species, based on DNA barcodes and morphological characters, are discussed. Association of the larva and the imago ofA. sarawacensis, and the occurrence ofAncyronyx procerusJäch in Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah are confirmed by using COI mtDNA sequences.
Repair of a Canalicular Laceration in a Neonate
Authors: Yang Xun , Jin Tao , Pang Xiuqin
Published: February 2020

Abstract. A neonate with lower eyelid and corresponding canalicular laceration of the left eye was examined 2 hours after birth. The eyelid and canalicular laceration were repaired with a short, 24gauge catheter as the stent. The laceration healed with minimal scarring, and the epiphora had disappeared by the 12-month follow-up visit. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2005;42:306-307.
Health Literacy in Surgery
Authors: Chang Michelle E. , Baker Samantha J. , Dos Santos Marques Isabel C. , Liwo Amandiy N. , Chung Sebastian K. , Richman Joshua S. , Knight Sara J. , Fouad Mona N. , Gakumo C. Ann , Davis Terry C. , Chu Daniel I.
Published: February 2020

Background:

Low health literacy is associated with poor health outcomes in many chronic diseases and may have an important role in determining surgical outcomes. This study aims to comprehensively review the current state of science on adult health literacy in surgery and to identify knowledge gaps for future research.

Methods:

Using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, a systematic search was conducted to identify all studies from January 2002 through May 2018 that used validated instruments to assess health literacy among adult patients undergoing surgery. Studies were assessed for quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale and evaluated on findings by their focus on identifying health literacy levels, understanding associations with surgical outcomes, and/or developing interventions to address low health literacy.

Key Results:

There were 51 studies on health literacy with data from 22,139 patients included in this review. Low health literacy was present in more than one-third of surgical patients (34%, interquartile range 16%–50%). The most commonly used validated instrument for assessment of health literacy in the surgical population was the Newest Vital Sign. Most studies were focused on identifying the prevalence of low health literacy within a surgery population (84%,
n
= 43). Few studies focused on understanding the association of health literacy to surgical outcomes (12%,
n
= 6) and even fewer studies developed interventions to address health literacy (4%,
n
= 2).

Discussion:

Low health literacy is common among surgical patients. Important opportunities exist to better understand the role of health literacy in determining surgical outcomes and to develop more health literacy-sensitive models of surgical care.

[
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2020;4(1):e45–e65.]

Plain Language Summary:

Health literacy has not been well-studied in surgery but likely plays an important role. In this article, we reviewed all current research on health literacy in surgery to help us understand where we are at and where we need to go. We found that low health literacy is common and we need more ways to address it in surgery.
Gypsum based mixes for conservation purposes: evaluation of microstructural and mechanical features
Authors: Brunello V. , Bersani D. , Rampazzi L. , Sansonetti A. , Tedeschi C.
Published: February 2020

This paper presents the study of four gypsum mixtures, focusing on the role of both inorganic and organic additives and on the micro-structural features and mechanical properties. Additives have been chosen among those most reported in historical recipes, for example magnesia, lime putty, rabbit glue. The selected mixes refer to gypsum-based materials used in artworks manufacture, such as plasters, mouldings, stuccoworks, pastiglia. Blank reference materials were prepared on purpose according to the specific recipe, in order to verify the final composition and to highlight the hardening mechanisms and the formation of setting compounds. The chemical composition was related to workability properties and final mechanical resistance and the action of additives as retardants was studied with interesting results. For instance, MgO imparts good properties to the mechanical features, especially with regard to the compressive strength characteristics.
La standardisation comme garant du succès commercial ? Les albâtres anglais de la fin du Moyen Âge
Authors: Schlicht Markus
Published: February 2020

À la fin du Moyen Âge, les sculpteurs d’albâtre des Midlands anglais produisirent de grandes quantités de panneaux ornés de scènes religieuses. Bien que produits dans de multiples ateliers, pour certains géographiquement éloignés les uns des autres, ces panneaux se caractérisent par leur aspect stéréotypé et la stylisation particulière des personnages, qui les rendent facilement reconnaissables. Leur apparence uniforme est due à la standardisation des dimensions des panneaux, au recours exclusif au haut-relief comme mode de représentation, à l’invariance de la composition des scènes, au recours généralisé à la polychromie caractérisée par une palette chromatique restreinte et par l’utilisation codifiée des couleurs. Bien que les ateliers n’aient pas apporté à leurs œuvres d’innovations notables pendant plus d’un siècle et demi, celles-ci connurent un grand succès commercial jusqu’au milieu du xvie siècle, tant auprès d’une clientèle modeste qu’auprès des élites, dont les cours princières de la péninsule italique.
Les trois boucles. Notes sur les modes d’existence des films d’artistes
Authors: Camporesi Enrico
Published: February 2020

En tant que matériau issu d’une production industrielle, le film est techniquement reproductible, et ne semble donc pas, à première vue, poser de problèmes particuliers quant à son existence « multiple ». Cependant, lorsque l’on observe dans le détail la culture matérielle et l’histoire de la circulation des films d’artistes, le scénario apparaît d’une toute autre complexité. Cet article vise à reconsidérer, sous l’angle de la conservation-restauration, et à partir de l’œuvre de Nam June Paik Zen for Film (1962-1964), exemplaire à cet égard, le statut particulier (multiple) du film d’artiste, considéré à la fois en tant qu’objet et événement (une copie et une projection) – deux modes d’existence qui s’excluent mutuellement dans leur présentation. Les conséquences théoriques de cette observation nous signalent une fausse opposition entre « unique » et « multiple » dans le domaine du film.
Islamic Banking in Libya
Authors: Abusloum Mahmoud A. S. , Ahmad Khaliq , Bello Nabil
Published: February 2020

This chapter identifies the internal and external challenges for Islamic banking in Libya. It is a conceptual work using secondary data where relevant concepts in terms of challenges of the conversion process in Libya were demonstrated. Conversion process is surrounded and faced by many challenges. Internal challenges are not less significant than external ones. Trained human resource, lack of awareness in Islamic banking, and resistance to change to Islamic banks are considered as internal challenges which represent the stage of readiness to convert the sector. On the other hand, the economic structure, the political situation, and the regulatory framework hinder the process externally. This implies that stakeholders should come up with comprehensive strategies and plans about the conversion process which will improve the readiness level of the banks, raise the awareness and willingness of their employees, and increase the skills of banks' staff.
Indigenous Communication's Role in Traditional Birth Attendants in Maternal Health Practices
Authors: Oyesomi Kehinde Opeyemi , Onakoya Toluwanimi , Onyenankeya Kevin , Busari Ayobami
Published: February 2020

Indigenous communication is an indispensable medium of communication in the socio-cultural tradition of Africans. These systems have been used to promote co-operation, mobilization, and participation among African people. This chapter takes into account indigenous communication roles of traditional birth attendants in maternal wellbeing and maternal health practices during pregnancy and childbirth in both Nigerian and South African communities. The significant motivation behind the examination is to assess the indigenous communication role of traditional birth attendants in maternal health practices in the two nations through empirical studies. After careful review of the studies, it is shown and discovered that TBAs in both Nigeria and South Africa assist pregnant women based on their religious or traditional beliefs. The researchers therefore recommend that health professionals should train TBAs in modern maternal health practices. This will go a long way to help them know their restrictions and possibly refer mothers and their children for emergency services and attention as needed.
The Significance of the Study of the Brain's Hippocampus for the Progress of Biologically-Inspired Computational Systems
Authors: Domdouzis Konstantinos
Published: February 2020

The field of Artificial Intelligence faces unprecedented progress. It is expected that the use of Artificial Intelligence to different sectors of science and economy will be increased. This is also shown by the fact that at the moment, Artificial Intelligence is characterised by popularity which is proven through the constant presentations on the news. This chapter shows how the study of the brain's hippocampus can further progress the field of Artificial Intelligence. The chapter presents indicative examples of the literature that show how the study of the hippocampus can lead to the development of specific applications. It also shows the impact to the development of biologically-inspired systems through the analysis of specific capabilities of the hippocampus. A number of conclusions are drawn in relation to the significance of the study of the brain's hippocampus for the development of new applications.
The Edgard Project
Authors: Fogliano Fernando Luiz , Gomes de Souza André , Fidélio de Freitas Guilherme Henrique , Lerner Sarra Rachel , Pereira Machado Juliana
Published: February 2020

As Artificial Intelligence technologies advance, their use becomes increasingly widespread, and what was once a fantasy of being able to communicate with a virtual being is now part of our everyday lives. New issues arise with every new technology, and discussions are needed to avoid significant problems. By looking at what is happening now and at the impact that AI has and will continue to have, one needs to remember history and its contradictions with a critical mind to have a more ethical approach to technology innovations. This chapter focuses on the Edgard Project, an intersection between Contemporary Art and Conversational Interface Design. Consisting of a chatbot named Edgard, the project emerges as an artistic approach to encourage critical thinking about the technology that gives him “life” and highlights the contradictions of AI through its ironic discourse and outdated interface.
Multisensory Experiences in Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Interaction Paradigms
Authors: García-Pereira Inma , Vera Lucía , Aixendri Manuel Pérez , Portalés Cristina , Casas Sergio
Published: February 2020

Multisensory stimuli can be integrated in systems that make use of different paradigms, such as Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR) or, in a wider sense, Mixed Reality (MR), enhancing user experiences within the virtual content. However, despite the many technological solutions that exist (both hardware and software), only visual and sonic stimuli can be considered as highly integrated in consumer-grade applications. This chapter addresses the current state of the art in multisensory experiences, taking also in consideration the aforementioned interaction paradigms, and brings the benefits and challenges. As an example, authors introduce ROMOT, a RObotic 3D-MOvie Theatre, that supports and integrates various types of displays and interactive applications, providing users with multisensory experiences.
Virtual and Augmented Reality for the Visualization of Summarized Information in Smart Cities
Authors: Casas Sergio , Gimeno Jesús , Casanova-Salas Pablo , Riera José V. , Portalés Cristina
Published: February 2020

In this chapter, authors deal with the problem of visualizing summarized information in a complex system like a smart city. They introduce the topic of smart city in the context of the information revolution that is taking place in the world. Next, they review how this information can be visualized, highlighting immersive 3D methods such as Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR), which are particularly suitable for these applications, since 2D information does not usually induce a focused and sustained attention. The chapter describes and shows a use case in which VR and Spatial AR (SAR) are used in a smart city system to visualize summarized information about the state and management of the city. The SAR system relies on a multi-projector mapping procedure, and therefore authors also explain the technical details that the calibration and implementation of this type of AR application requires.
Experiential Marketing
Authors: Ihtiyar Ali , Aras Osman Nuri
Published: February 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of experiential marketing on experiential values of young customers and respectively on their satisfaction and word of mouth, intention to pay more and revisit. Primary data were gathered through questionnaires conducted with 489 respondents to examine young customers' experiences in well-known grocery retails in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Structural equation modelling using partial least square (PLS) method results were adequate in terms of reliability and validity. Empirical results revealed that some of strategic experiential modules and service quality perceptions of young customers have positive influences on customer experiences (functional and emotional). This research contributes to shed light on the role of shopping experiences of young retail consumers on experiential values, customer satisfaction, and post-purchase attitudes. It is anticipated that by filling this knowledge gap, strengthening retail-shopping strategies, which require an adjustment in the current business environment, can be developed.
Did You Read the Customer Reviews Before Shopping?
Authors: Güngör Ayşegül Sağkaya , Özgen Çiğdem Tütüncü
Published: February 2020

Online customer reviews are the most trustworthy source of information of consumers while determining the value of online retail platforms. They act to convince customers and serve the purpose of formation of trust and emotional attachment with the platform. This study reports the results of an experiment investigating the effects of online customer reviews on emotional attachment, trust, and repurchase intention while taking the previous emotional attachment strength into consideration. Results revealed that, depending on the previous attachment strength, both positive and negative reviews strongly affect emotional attachment. However, trust is only influenced by positive reviews. Besides, trust is a more durable construct compared to emotional attachment and is not subject to change easily. When the repurchase intention is investigated, only strongly attached consumers are affected by customer reviews.
Technology in Engineering Pedagogy to Progress the Excellence of Teaching
Authors: Garapati Durga Prasad , S.M. Padmaja
Published: February 2020

Quality evaluation is a basic part of education that enables teachers to help learning and to improve instructive programs. Engineering education has been confronting impressive difficulties concerning commendable educating, information organization, and knowledge deployment. Consequently, desires for new teaching methods and learning approaches should be created in the arena. The objective of this chapter is to incorporate various teaching learning methods, educational tools to improve the learning experience of students, and also to fulfil the teaching experience of faculty. The purpose of this research is also to explore the effects of innovative teaching learning strategies based on the performance of student grades. The experiment has been carried out on two courses of electrical and electronics engineering. There are no commendable measures to evaluate the learning outcomes of the student hourly basis in traditional pedagogy. Therefore, this chapter proposed various pedagogical approaches that help to achieve the desirable things.
Assessment Practices in Outcome-Based Education
Authors: C. Lavanya , Murthy Jandhyala N. , Kosaraju Satyanarayana
Published: February 2020

Evaluation is an essential process for the measurement of transformation that a student attains after a teaching learning process. Outcome-based education (OBE) in academics especially in the field of engineering is an accepted philosophy in recent years. The OBE system departs from the traditional method where assessment of students is based only on grades and/or ranks. Output has been the traditional measurement criterion in education field, which does not address the level of transformation in the learner, whereas outcome is the measurement of level of achievement showing the transformation. Assessment tools are required for the measurement of outcome. These tools could be direct tools for direct assessment or indirect tools for indirect assessment. An assessment can be a formative assessment or summative assessment. Learning is complete only if transformation is observable in all the vital aspects of attitude, skill, and knowledge. It is widely accepted that all these aspects can be measured in OBE.
A Case Study on Improving Learner Engagement by Incorporating ICT Tool Usage and Active Learning Strategies in Engineering Courses
Authors: Fusic S. Julius , N. Anandh , Thangavel M.
Published: February 2020

In the present scenario, the innovation in teaching is necessary to engage the students for the course of 36 to 40 hours. At the end of the course, the average student's strength will excel in performance and attains the course outcome with in-depth knowledge. To overcome the difficulties of slow and inactive learners for attaining the course outcome, it is necessary to renovate the teaching methodology. A few innovative learning methods like think pair share (TPS) activity, flipped classroom, online education, virtual classroom techniques, project-based learning, activity-based learning provoke the inactive or slow learners to be more active in learning the course. From studies, the current generation students are smart, and they feel conventional teaching methods like blackboard and PowerPoint presentations are monotonous. Here, the significance and impact of using ICT tools over conventional teaching methods is discussed on the fluid power automation course as a case study.
Pedagogy of New Assessment, Measurement, and Testing Strategies in Higher Education
Authors: Railean Elena Aurel
Published: February 2020

This chapter investigates correlations between learning theory and outcomes. Based on the hypotheses that in university pedagogy the assessment strategy should be interrelated with desired learning outcomes of the student, it is clear that assessment directly impacts student minds and behavior. Therefore, within the global context of assessment, measurement, and testing strategies, this chapter critically explores novel educational assessment methodology as a response to the following research questions: What are the main issues, controversies, and problems in the educational assessment? What are the most effective solutions for the development of life-long competence through an affordable assessment strategy? This study presents insights into the assessment theory concerning deviations in the acquisition settings between training and testing. It also provides an outlook for the potential of transfer assessment methodologies to metacognitive training of a particular target group.
Formative Assessment in Higher Education
Authors: Nina Birnaz , Botezatu Valeria
Published: February 2020

This chapter describes the particularities of the appreciative intelligence of university teachers in the formative assessment. Appreciative intelligence is the ability to identify the qualities and positive aspects of a person, and to harness them. In the educational field, the appreciative intelligence of the teacher consists of essential components: appreciative inquiry (research), appreciative advising, and appreciative mindset. The chapter describes the concept of appreciative intelligence, being presented different acceptances and opinions of the researchers. The second part of the chapter highlights the problems and contradictions regarding the appreciative intelligence in the educational field and analyzes the appreciative intelligence of university teachers in the formative assessment process. This chapter proposes an evaluation and training program of the appreciative intelligence of university teachers based on its systemic context. The chapter ends with solutions and recommendations, a conclusion, and future research directions.
Metacognition and Critical Thinking
Authors: Valeyeva Nailya S. , Kupriyanov Roman V. , Valeyeva Elvira R.
Published: February 2020

The chapter incorporated the theoretical issues of assessment of metacognition and critical thinking. In today's fast-changing world, the so-called higher-order skills (such as Metacognition and Reflection, and Critical Thinking) become very important. Although they constitute one of the central goals of the university education, purposeful development of these skills is challenging and difficult. This chapter contains the main approaches to understanding the intellectual skills development process which are underlying research. Theoretical questions of intellect-metacognition are studied, definitions and contents of these notions are given, and the interconnection between metacognition and critical thinking are analysed. The analysis of intellectual skills structure and contents are given. Here, authors also analyze their research in recent years on the questions of critical thinking and a description of methods for assessing the development of critical thinking and reflective skills of students.
Assessment for Learning Regarding the Strategy of Rhetorical Competence Development in Initial Teacher Training
Authors: Iulian Rata , Nina Birnaz , Railean Elena Aurel
Published: February 2020

Over the past decade, the need for successful learning strategies in initial teacher training has become increasingly clear. One of these strategies focuses on rhetoric competence development. The main point of the strategy is the assessment for learning. This chapter investigates the impact of assessment for learning on learning outcomes in the process of rhetoric competence development and their feasibility within initial teacher training. The starting point is instructional dynamic and flexible strategy. This strategy made notable progress with respect to digital textbook. However, there continues to be gaps in the literature examining the extent to which successful learning strategies are being assessed. This problem has begun to take a place on the agenda within higher institutions. It was observed that to date there has been little effort to bring together the effective procedures around the purpose of equipping students with successful learning strategies to learn for the long term. This chapter closes this gap.
Effect of Additives on the Performance and Emission Attributes of Diesel Engines
Authors: N. Shanmuga Sundaram. , Muthusamy Sivakumar
Published: February 2020

Automobile vehicles are the main sources of environmental pollution, especially those with diesel engines. They cause a number of health diseases and harm to the ecosystem. Biofuels are a suitable alternative fuel for IC engines which have potential to reduce engine emissions with more or less equal performance of the petroleum fuels. Though Biodiesel is suitable for Diesel engines, it suffers with high density, lesser calorific value, high fuel consumption and increased emissions of nitrogen. However, additives minimize the deteriorating factors of the Biodiesel and maintain the international pollution norms. Many different types of additives are used with the diesel and (or) biodiesel to enhance performance and to improve its quality. The researchers conclude that the use of additives along with diesel and biodiesel improves the performance and reduction in emission. This review discusses effects of additives with diesel and biodiesel on the performance and emission characteristics of Diesel engines.
Comparative Assessment of Various Nanoadditives on the Characteristic Diesel Engine Powered by Novel Tamarind Seed-Methyl Ester Blend
Authors: Raju V. Dhana , Venu Harish , Subramani Lingesan , Reddy S. Rami
Published: February 2020

This chapter focuses on enhancing the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a novel biodiesel blend-a mix of diesel (80%) and tamarind seed oil (20%), represented as tamarind seed methyl ester (TSME) with alumina oxide (Al2O3), Carbon nano tubes (CNT), and Cerium oxide(CeO2) considered as potential nanoparticles. These were added to TSME at concentration of 50 ppm and were uniformly dispersed in the biodiesel blend with the help of a magnetic stirrer as well as an Ultrasonicator to attain stable suspension. The immersed nanoparticles in the tamarind seed oil blend exhibit multiple advantages such as an enhanced air-fuel mixing, better oxidation process, larger surface area to volume ratio results in higher brake thermal efficiency, as well as a significant reduction in smoke opacity, hydrocarbon, and carbon monoxide emissions.
Reduction of NOx on a Single Cylinder CI Engine Running on Diesel-Biodiesel Blends by New Approach
Authors: M. Mohamed Musthafa
Published: February 2020

Diesel-water emulsion has been used in diesel engine combustion for a long time with encouraging results, but the point of efficiency and NOx trade-off represent a highly challenging task for diesel engines. A new approach was used in this study. The new blends which were obtained by mixing diesel-neem oil biodiesel blend (70:30 by volume) with water (5% by volume), span-80 surfactant (1% by volume), and cetane enhancing additive of Di-tertiary butyl peroxide (0.5% by volume). The blend is designated as B3. This chapter investigates performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder diesel engine running on B3 fuel. Performance and emission of the engine fueled by B3 fuel results were compared with diesel (D), diesel-biodiesel blend (B1), and diesel-biodiesel with water emulsion through surfactant (B2). B3 fuel had better performance and improved emissions than B1 fuel and diesel fuel, with NOx emission especially reduced by up to 35%.
Impact of Diesel-Butanol-Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel Blends on Stationary Diesel Engine Performance and Emission Characteristics
Authors: Sharon H. , R. Joel Jackson , C. Prabha
Published: February 2020

Feed stock cost and NOX emission are the major barriers for commercialization of biodiesel. Waste cooking oil is well identified as one of the cheapest feed stocks for biodiesel production. This chapter reduces NOX emission of waste cooking oil biodiesel. Test fuel blends are prepared by mixing diesel (20 to 50 v/v%), butanol (5 v/v%), and waste cooking oil biodiesel (45 to 75 v/v%). Fuel properties of waste cooking oil biodiesel are enhanced due to addition of diesel and butanol. Brake specific energy consumption of the blends is higher than diesel fuel. Harmful emissions like carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, and smoke opacity are lower for blends than diesel fuel. Increasing biodiesel concentration in blend also reduces hydrocarbon emission to a significant extent. The obtained results justify the suitability of proposed cheap blends for diesel engine emission reduction.
Behaviour of Oxygenated Biofuels in Engines
Authors: Prabu A.
Published: February 2020

An experimental investigation was conducted to disclose the outcomes of oxygenate mixture as additives in Jatropha biodiesel on the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a direct injection compression ignition engine. The experiments were conducted in an instrumented single-cylinder, air-cooled, four-stroke, direct-injection diesel engine, equipped with data acquisition system, AC alternator, and an electric loading device. Four oxygenate additives, namely, Ethylene Glycol (C2H6O2), Di methyl Carbonate (C3H6O3), 2-Butoxyethanol (C6H14O2), & Propylene Glycol (C3H8O2) were selected and nine different combinational oxygenate test fuels were prepared attaining ratios of 1, 2, and 4% volume of oxygenates with biodiesel. A significant reduction of emissions such as CO by 60%, Unburned HC by 11%, and smoke emissions by 27% were observed. Substantial improvement in brake thermal efficiency by 6% was observed, while NO emission increased marginally by 4%.
Table of Contents Vol 75, No 2 (2019)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: February 2020

No abstract available.