bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the consumption of two integral diets for psittacines in captivity in a wildlife rescue unit
Authors: Hernandez-Calva Luz Marina , Cortes-Roldan Pablo , Montalvo-Aguilar Xochil Gabriela , Villalobos-Peñalosa Patricia , Galaviz-Rodriguez Jose Reyes , Hernández-Velasco Jose Antonio
Published: February 2021

Objective: To evaluate the consumption of nutrients intake in a traditional and aproposed diet for parrots in captivity.Design / methodology / approach: The study took place at Pachuca de Soto,Hidalgo, Mexico. Twelve parrots were assessed in captivity. The traditional diet(TD) provided to the birds was evaluated and a proposed diet (PD) was thealternative. The consumption and the amount of waste of each diet were recordedfor five weeks. PD formula contained fruits, vegetables, and seeds. Data wereanalyzed with the Student's t-test at p< 0.5 significance.Results: TD lacked homogeneity in the ingredients offered during the five weeksevaluation. There were significant differences in the consumption between the two 2 evaluated diets. The individual bird consumption was 349 g for TD and 314 g forPD. The TD was 41.87% fruits and 58.12% vegetables. The PD diet includedseeds supplements. From the second to the fifth week of the evaluation PD hadless waste.Limitations of the study: The age, weight, sex and excreta collection from theparrots were not registered due to restriction rules in the conservation area.Findings / conclusions: The PD offered the requirements that parrots need. It isnecessary to train technical personnel on diet preparation. Feeding frequenciesand food diversity stimulated consumption and waste decreased, improving thenutritional balance of the birds in captivity.
Organizações de serviços extrajudiciais baianas em tempos de sindemia – uma análise pela perspectiva da teoria da ecologia das populações
Authors: Prado Vaner José do , Costa Joany Mara Souza Tavares , Gileá José
Published: February 2021

Este artigo analisa a população de organizações prestadoras de serviços notariais e registrais, (organização técnica/administrativa), nos termos do artigo 1º da Lei 6.015/73 e artigo 1º da Lei 8.935/94, destinados a dar publicidade, autenticidade, eficácia e segurança aos atos jurídicos do estado da Bahia, à luz da teoria da ecologia das populações, no contexto sindêmico da COVID-19. A questão de  pesquisa suscitada é, se nessa população ou comunidade de organizações (as serventias extrajudiciais), a imposição de atos normativos regulatórios diante do ambiente pandêmico (sindêmico) e das exigências de manutenção da qualidade na prestação de serviços à sociedade, levou titulares e interinos a buscar a otimização na utilização dos recursos escassos e incertos e o que ou quais recursos são passíveis de otimização? O objetivo é analisar como os tipos de organizações, dentro de suas populações de organizações de serviços extrajudiciais, podem utilizar novas combinações dos recursos presentes no ambiente para sobreviver, sendo esta sobrevivência com o sentido de cumprir os propósitos de atender as demandas da sociedade e proporcionar retorno para a organização. A pesquisa foi realizada no estado da Bahia, no ano de 2020, elaborada em três etapas: a) conceitual; b) caracterização da população e; c) análise comparativa das ações realizadas. Diante disso, mesmo com sistemas estáveis, essa população foi desestabilizada por fatores ambientais, que fugiram ao alcance puramente gerencial. Mudanças disruptivas do ambiente sindêmico, expuseram conhecimentos sólidos (no caso o técnico/jurídico), passando rapidamente a exigir outros conhecimentos (neste caso o gerencial e de tecnologias digitais).
Assistência pré-natal em serviços públicos de saúde do Estado do Paraná
Authors: Ruiz Lailla Ketly Ferreira Tiradentes , Franchi Juliana Vicente de Oliveira , Colombo Natália Carolina Rodrigues , Medeiros Fabiana Fontana , Ferrari Rosângela Aparecida Pimenta , Pelloso Sandra Marisa , Cardelli Alexandrina Aparecida Maciel
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: analisar a assistência pré-natal em serviços públicos de três Regionais de Saúde do Paraná. Metodologia: transversal, descritivo, quantitativo, recorte de uma coorte prospectiva, realizado em serviços de saúde da 9ª., da 10ª. e da 17ª. regionais, de julho de 2017 a março de 2018, com 1.211 mulheres. Utilizado prontuário materno, cartão de gestante e instrumento com informações socioeconômicas, demográficas e variáveis do pré-natal, agrupados e analisados estatisticamente no programa SPSS v20.0. Resultados: predominância de mulheres entre 19 e 34 anos (78,1% na 9ª., 80,5% na 10ª. e 77,6% na 17ª.); renda familiar de 1 a 3 salários mínimos (67,8% na 9ª., 62,9% na 10ª. e 63% na 17ª.); 99% aderiram ao pré-natal nas 3 Regionais, com início até 14 semanas (81,6% na 9ª., 69,6% na 10ª. e 79,0% na 17ª.); 80% das gestantes realizaram 6 ou mais consultas, com classificação de risco habitual (65,5% na 9ª., 62,8% na 10ª. e 53,1% na 17ª.); baixas taxas de encaminhamentos a serviço especializado (14,9% na 9ª., 27,5% na 10ª. e 28,7% na 17ª.) com tempo de espera maior (47,2%) de 29 dias na 17ª; na 17ª destaca-se baixa realização de citologia oncótica e consulta odontológica em apenas 59,5% e 63,2%, respectivamente. Conclusão: a assistência pré-natal nos serviços públicos de saúde, de modo geral, atende às determinações do Ministério da Saúde, porém, faz-se necessário que os gestores proporcionem capacitações assertivas aos profissionais envolvidos, para implementação adequada dos protocolos nacionais visando desfechos positivos do período gravídico-puerperal.
Políticas públicas para o enfrentamento do HIV / AIDS em países com sistema universal e gratuito de saúde: uma análise segundo a UNAIDS
Authors: Campos Jefferson Rummenigge Nascimento , Costa Sueli de Souza , Costa Izolda Souza , Jaldin Alejandro Elias Moucherek , Uchoa Daniel Santos , Batista Wilken Soares , Silva Luís Carlos Machado e , Batalha Júnior Nilson de Jesus Pereira , Nunes Jomar Diogo Costa
Published: February 2021

Esse artigo objetivou realizar análise comparativa das políticas públicas de saúde direcionadas ao combate ao HIV/AIDS nos países com sistema de saúde universal e gratuito, para o cumprimento das metas da UNAIDS. Foram utilizados dados obtidos na plataforma online da UNAIDS, referente ao ano de 2019, das seguintes variáveis: Teste de HIV; Terapia Antirretroviral; Regimes de Terapia Antirretroviral; Carga viral; Resistência à Drogas; Adesão e Retenção; Leis; Profilaxia Pré-Exposição; Sistema de Informação; Mortalidade; 90-90-90; Tuberculose/HIV. Diante das variáveis analisadas, os resultados apontaram que somente o Brasil e o Canadá apresentavam dados consolidados na plataforma. Concluiu-se que o país que apresenta os dados melhor consolidados e alinhado às recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) é o Brasil, entre os que possuem sistema universal e gratuito de saúde, nos parâmetros avaliados. Este trabalho demonstra a importância e os esforços dos países em seguir as recomendações da OMS para o enfrentamento desse vírus, bem como evidencia uma problemática relacionada à coleta ou disponibilidade dos dados, pois somente o Brasil e o Canadá apresentavam dados disponibilizados na plataforma.
Acidente motociclístico: caracterização dos atendimentos pré-hospitalares no interior de São Paulo
Authors: Figueiredo Ester Alves , Almeida Caroline Lourenço de , Martins Eleine Aparecida Penha , Silva Daniel Augusto da
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Caracterizar os atendimentos realizados pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência e Corpo de Bombeiros às vítimas de acidentes motociclísticosocorridos no interior paulista. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, documental, retrospectiva, de natureza quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados através das fichas de atendimento dos anos 2016 e 2017, e analisados por meio de análise estatística descritiva.Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: A maioria das vítimas eram do sexo masculino (61,3%), na faixa etária entre 21e30 anos (38,8%), condutores (92,9%). Membros inferiores (43,5%) e superiores (24,0%) foram as regiões corpóreas mais atingidas. A maioria dos atendimentos foi realizada pela Unidade de Suporte Básico do Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (56,6%), e encaminhados à Unidade de Pronto Atendimento(57,9%). Conclusão: Julga-se fundamental o desenvolvimento de intervenções específicas como infraestrutura adequada, aliada a programas de prevenção de acidentes,para reverter esse quadro.
Sistemas adesivos: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: Froehlich Laís , Rosin Marlon , Mazur Nicolas , Boffo Bruna Sampaio , Oliveira Henrique Pezzini de , Zanchin Carine , Terres Neto Tito Pires , Pezzini Rolando Plümer , Naufel Fabiana Scarparo , Santos Eduardo Benassi dos
Published: February 2021

Os sistemas adesivos são responsáveis por promover a união entre o substrato dental e a restauração propriamente dita. Desde Buonocore, estes materiais sofreram importantes transformações. Diante disso, o presente estudo tem por objetivo revisar a literatura sobre as classificações, principais características e ação dos sistemas adesivos atuais. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo qualitativo, realizado através de um levantamento bibliográfico de artigos científicos publicados nos últimos 11 anos. Os sistemas adesivos convencionais são considerados complexos na pratica clínica. Já os autocondicionantes apresentam maior facilidade de aplicação que o anterior e boa adesão quando realizado o condicionamento ácido seletivo do esmalte. Enquanto isso, os adesivos universais apresentam uma composição mais complexa com a mistura de monômeros hidrófilos e hidrofóbicos que promovem adesão química ao dente. Quanto aos adesivos autocondicionantes de etapa única, a dupla aplicação da camada de adesivo pode melhorar a força e a qualidade da adesão. O adesivo universal possui potencial de ligação química como um benefício adicional, que depende de alguns monômeros funcionais. Dentre eles, o mais notável é o 10-metacriloiloxidecil-di-hidrogênio (10-MDP ou MDP), um monômero de fosfato que se liga ionicamente à dentina. Os adesivos universais demonstram bons resultados de resistência de união em dentina já condicionada ou não. Sem ataque ácido seletivo, os adesivos autocondicionantes são inferiores aos convencionais, já em esmalte preparado, ambos são equivalentes. Atualmente é possivel selecionar o melhor sistema adesivo para cada realidade clínica, atingindo bons resultados mesmo quando se tem limitações de tempo ou de recursos em seu local de trabalho.
Gestão de Informação em Plano de Saneamento Básico: adequação metodológica para apoio na atualização do PMSB de Marabá, PA
Authors: Oliveira Vanessa Silva , Rodrigues Virginia Bezerra , Moreira Francisca Nara da Conceição , Mourão Francianne Vieira
Published: February 2021

Objetivou-se nesse trabalho avaliar de forma técnica o Plano Municipal de Saneamento Básico - PMSB de Marabá - PA, a partir das diretrizes nacionais vigentes. O método utilizado tratou-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, descritiva, com abordagem qualiquantitativa viabilizada pelo estudo de caso. Na primeira fase, o levantamento bibliográfico ocorreu mediante a obtenção da versão mais recente do PMSB. Na segunda fase, foi realizado a listagem dos indicadores de diagnóstico do PMSB de Marabá e a sua classificação. Para avaliação das metas, foi elaborada a listagem de todos os indicadores de acompanhamento, e adaptou-se um método para avaliação dos indicadores de desempenho pré-existente. Na terceira fase, adaptou-se as orientações propostas por um método que se trata de um roteiro de avaliação de PMSB. Os resultados permitiram observar a presença de indicadores sanitários; epidemiológicos e socioeconômicos no diagnóstico do PMSB, mas com algumas falhas de bases de dados. Pela listagem das metas existente no PMSB, considerou-se o aperfeiçoamento por meio de indicadores do PLANSAB. A avaliação documental demonstrou que o PMSB é considerado vermelho, logo necessita de atualização imediata. Concluiu-se que o trabalho possibilitou a recomendação de melhorias, propondo um planejamento com mais detalhamentos e pontuando subsídios para a sua atualização.
O sentido do trabalho do docente universitário: reflexões para o pós-pandemia à luz do pensamento de Viktor Frankl
Authors: Silva Flávio Luiz Honorato da , Simões Raisa Fernandes Mariz , Queiroz Rouseane da Silva Paula , Pontes Alisson de Meneses
Published: February 2021

O docente exerce diversas funções na universidade, a exemplo da pesquisa, ensino e extensão, e isto pode gerar uma sobrecarga física e mental. Eles devem guiar-se e orientar os alunos para uma tarefa a ser realizada, um valor, um sentido a buscar, e, como consequência, encontrar a realização de vida (autorrealização) suas e dos alunos. O objetivo deste estudo foi, portanto, refletir sobre o a vocação/missão do trabalho do docente universitário à luz da Logoterapia e Análise Existencial, propondo caminhos para lidar com o ensino-aprendizagem e a relação com o aluno no período do pós-pandemia. Utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica em livros e artigos em bases de dados. Constatou-se que o docente que encontra sua missão exercendo a docência e desenvolvendo nela seus valores criativos, mesmo com todos os obstáculos e sobrecargas de ordem física e mental, é capaz de, na sua dimensão noética, autotranscender e chamar outros à autotranscendência, atuando como condutor que orienta ao sentido, principalmente nas situações que exigem uma ressignificação. No pós-pandemia certamente haverá um novo educar, e o professor e aluno devem acolher-se mutualmente nas diversas demandas que serão consequências deste período, buscando mais que uma transmissão do conhecimento, mas principalmente um encontro existencial.
Analise e desenvolvimento de um software para o gerenciamento do demonstrativo de fluxo de caixa da merenda escolar de uma escola pública municipal da Cidade de Amorinópolis – Goiás
Authors: Reis Maira Cristina dos , Cardoso Luciana Recart
Published: February 2021

A alimentação escolar, mais conhecida como “merenda escolar” é um direito dos alunos de escolas da rede públicas. O objetivo dessa alimentação é contribuir para o desenvolvimento integral dos alunos e consequentemente colaborar com seu aprendizado. Os recursos destinados à merenda escolar são repassados mensalmente, baseados no valor percapita, é no censo escolar, assim os governos estadual e federal ficam responsáveis pelo repasse das verbas as escolas públicas.  Com o recebimento de recursos é determinado que as escolas prestem contas anualmente sobre os valores utilizados. No mercado atual a poucos softwares que auxiliem na prestação de contas relacionada a merenda, além de não serem gratuitos. Diante disso, o presente estudo tem por objetivo descrever as atividades inerentes a analise e modelagem de um software na plataforma Web com o intuito de gerenciar os recursos destinados à merenda escolar. Metodologicamente, o estudo classifica-se como sendo de natureza qualitativa, empregada através de entrevistas e pesquisa bibliográfica. Com o desenvolvimento do software espera-se contribuir para o aprimoramento do controle dos dados relacionados à merenda escolar, visando aperfeiçoar o aproveitamento dos recursos destinados através do planejamento informatizado de cardápios e geração de relatórios.
O uso do google maps como tecnologia educacional para mapeamento da área no processo de territorialização virtual na atenção básica: um relato de experiência
Authors: Rodrigues Ayane Araújo , Cardoso Brenda Ellen Meneses , Martins Victor Brito Dantas , Silva Felipe Rodolfo Pereira da , Alves José Osmar Carneiro , Carvalho André dos Santos , Soares Ilana Gomes , Lima Maria Luenna Alves , Bezerra Mayara Stefanni de Lacerda , Pimentel Vinícius Duarte
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: objetivo demonstrar a importância do uso do Google Maps como recurso didático aplicado na territorialização em saúde de forma virtual. Metodologia: Trata-se de um relato de experiência, o qual descreve reflexões e aspectos vivenciados em relação à aplicação do Google Maps na territorialização em atenção básica. Resultados: A possibilidade oferecida pelo Google maps de realizar a territorialização em saúde de forma virtual, propiciou ao aluno a oportunidade de conhecer o território mesmo em tempos de isolamento social e se mostrou uma ferramenta geotecnológica muito eficaz no processo de territorialização, comtemplando dessa forma todos os objetivos propostos no roteiro para territorialização virtual. O mapeamento e o georreferenciamento, através do Google maps, objetivam tornar o processo de territorialização algo contínuo, favorecendo a aproximação entre profissionais e população. Conclusão: o Google maps tem grande potencial como recurso didático, pois se mostrou eficaz promovendo uma aproximação com a realidade espacial e social, contribuindo para um melhor entendimento dos alunos nos aspectos abordados durante processo de territorialização em saúde realizado na atenção básica.
Recomendações para remodelação dos processos de desinfecção de efluentes no Brasil – Um alerta deflagrado pela pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Campos Nícolas Mateus Cosme Oliveira , Jesus Raildo Mota de , Santana Gregório Mateus
Published: February 2021

A vulnerabilidade denotada pela pandemia causada pelo SARS-CoV-2, deflagrou na população mundial preocupação em estabelecer medidas de contenção emergencial. Embora, até o momento, poucos estudos estabeleçam o esgoto sanitário como via de contaminação do SARS-CoV-2, no Brasil a instabilidade de destinação dos efluentes, estabeleceu um alerta acerca da incapacidade dos sistemas públicos de proverem a implementação de captação e tratamento adequado dos efluentes domésticos. Este artigo apresenta evidencias em base de dados cientificas eletrônicas nacionais e internacionais que corroboram uma pluralidade de tecnologias emergentes de desinfecção de águas residuais aplicáveis, eficientes e seguras para desinfecção dos efluentes em suas etapas de tratamento, prevenindo o despejo de dejetos potencialmente contaminados no meio ambiente. Colaborando com a mitigação de doenças e com a necessária remodelação dos processos de desinfecção de efluentes, considerando os recursos e a realidade brasileira.
Ozonioterapia na prevenção e terapêutica da mastite em vacas leiteiras: Revisão de literatura
Authors: Arévalo Esther Abihail Fuentes , Silva Davi Francisco da , Graboschii Amanda Caroline Gomes , Brito Juan Vitor Santos , Escodro Pierre Barnabé
Published: February 2021

Este artigo é uma revisão da bibliografia realizada com o objetivo de compilar e analisar as informações existentes sobre a utilização do ozônio na prevenção e tratamento da mastite em vacas leiteiras, para assim conhecer os fundamentos da utilização do ozônio na pecuária e o potencial desse tratamento pode enfrentar a batalha contra a resistência microbiana que está se tornando mais forte nas últimas décadas. A metodologia utilizada foi a busca em diferentes bases de dados como Capes, Dialnet, Google Scholar, Scielo, LILACS, Spacenet, escolhendo artigos e documentos especificamente voltados ao uso do ozônio na agricultura e pecuária, bem como sua descoberta e desenvolvimento. A pesquisa resultou em uma riqueza de informações muito variadas sobre o uso do ozônio na pecuária, dando uma perspectiva de como a terapia com ozônio está sendo usada e seus possíveis usos futuros. Ao final desta revisão concluiu-se que embora seja verdade que existem muitas informações sobre o uso do ozônio na mastite em vacas leiteiras, mesmo a diversidade dessas informações não é abundante, limitando-se ao uso do ozônio na terapêutica e deixando um pouco de lado a prevenção, além disso, há também um déficit de informações sobre dosagens e formas de aplicação, portanto, sugere-se a criação de novas pesquisas que fortaleçam na prática as informações sobre esses pontos e reforcem as informações que já estão teoricamente disponíveis.
Effects of sodium bicarbonate ingestion on hyperventilation and recovery of blood pH after a short-term intense exercise
Authors: Yunoki T , Matsuura R , Arimitsu T , Kimura T , Yano T
Published: February 2021

To determine the relationship between hyperventilation and
recovery of blood pH during recovery from a heavy exercise,
short-term intense exercise (STIE) tests were performed after
human subjects ingested 0.3 g · kg-1 body mass of either NaHCO3
(Alk) or CaCO3 (Pla). Ventilation (VE) - CO2 output (V.co2) slopes
during recovery following STIE were significantly lower in Alk
than in Pla, indicating that hyperventilation is attenuated under
the alkalotic condition. However, this reduction of the slope was
the result of unchanged VE and a small increase in V.co2. A
significant correlation between VE and blood pH was found
during recovery in both conditions. While there was no difference
between the VE - pH slopes in the two conditions, VE at the
same pH was higher in Alk than in Pla. Furthermore, the values
of pH during recovery in both conditions increased toward the
preexercise levels of each condition. Thus, although VE - V.co2 slope was decreased under the alkalotic condition, this could not
be explained by the ventilatory depression attributed to increase
in blood pH. We speculate that hyperventilation after the end of
STIE is determined by the VE - pH relationship that was set
before STIE or the intensity of the exercise performed.
Is Every Involuntary Movement Epileptic?
Authors: Gurlu Ramazan , Kendir Özlem Tolu , Baspinar Omerhan , Erkek Nilgun
Published: February 2021

Paroxysmal nonepileptic events are episodic changes in behavior, sensation, or consciousness that are similar to epileptic seizures but not associated with abnormal ictal brain electrophysiological discharges. Here, a case treated as epileptic seizure was presented in order to draw attention to paroxysmal nonepileptic events in differential diagnosis.
A 4 years old girl sent to our hospital with the diagnose of status epilepticus due to change in her consciousness, contractions and abnormal movements in her body, arms and legs those started after taking 6 spoonfull syrup of Peditus® (Containing 120 mg paracetamol, 50 mg guaifenesin, 6.25 mg pyrilamine maleate, 5 mg phenylephrine hcl in 5 ml scale) and 5 Medikinet® 10 mg capsules (10 mg methylphenidate hydrochloride in 1 capsule). She was conscious and cooperate and has involuntary snake-like movements throughout her body on admission. The patient's movement disturbances thought as methylphenidate-induced choreoathetosis responded to given haloperidol treatment and any sign of poisoning were not observed in the patient's follow up.
Chorea side effects were observed in our patient but not any poisoning symptoms, who received a toxic dose of methylphenidate for her age. This suggests that methylphenidate, a central nervous system stimulant, may have therapeutic, toxic dose limits and side effects profile those associated with individual pharmacogenetic variations. Accurate distinction of chorea from drug-related paroxysmal nonepileptic events will ensure early effective treatment of patients and to protect patients from unnecessary drug risks.
EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK-WAVE LITHOTRIPSY'S UNUSUAL COMPLICATION: RETROPERITONEAL GAS
Authors: Çakmak Vefa , Türkçüer İbrahim , Özen Mert
Published: February 2021

EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK-WAVE LITHOTRIPSY'S UNUSUAL COMPLICATION: RETROPERITONEAL GAS

Abstract

After extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in renal stone disease, complications such as hematuria, pain, infection, and less often complications such as pancreatitis, myocardial infarction can be observed. In this case report, We aimed to present retroperitoneal gas findings, an unusual complication post-ESWL detected on Computed Tomography.

Keywords: Emergency radiology, Computed tomography, Nephrolithiasis, Extracorporeal shock wave therapy , Lithotripsy.
COVID-19 at First Glance, Pulmonary Tuberculosis With a Glance in Depth
Authors: Uyaroğlu Oğuz Abdullah , Çalık Başaran Nursel , Özışık Lale , Inkaya Ahmet Cagkan , Güven Gülay Sain
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Here we report a case who presented with fever, dry cough, sore throat and myalgia, mimicking COVID-19 and diagnosed as Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Case Report: A 31-year-old female patient was presented to the COVID-19 outpatient clinic with 7-day history of fever,dry cough,night sweats,chills,sore throat,and myalgia. Laboratory results revealed lymphopenia, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and D-dimer elevation compitable with COVID-19. She was hospitalized with diagnosis of “probable COVID-19”. SARS-CoV-2 multiplex PCR were resulted negative. Chest CT revealed cavitary lesion located in the upper lobe of the right lung with uncertain borders, consolidation in the right upper lobe primarily in favor of TB infection. She had three samples of sputum acid-fast bacillus smear that came back positive. TB PCR also resulted positive.
Conclusion: Although the most common presentation of COVID-19 seems to be pneumonia, there is no unique clinical feature that reliably differentiates COVID-19 from other upper / lower airway viral or bacterial infections.
Intoxication Caused by Paraphenylenediamine After Henna Ingestion
Authors: Öner Fatih , Öner Ümran
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Henna, has been applied in eastern cultures for many years, as a hair dye and tattoo. Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) is a kind of aromatic amine added to henna. The formulation formed when PPD added known to be highly toxic.
Case report: Here, a 16-year-old female patient admitted to an emergency clinic with severe angioedema, rhabdomyolysis, and acute renal failure caused by PPD after henna ingestion for suicidal purposes, was presented. An emergency tracheotomy was performed to the patient because of severe respiratory distress, and the patient was followed up by connecting to the mechanical ventilator in intensive care.
Conclusion: PPD poisoning is a life-threatening condition, and there is no specific antidote for PPD intoxication. Early intervention to the patient is essential because it is life-saving.
SPECTRAL PROPERTIES OF A CONFORMABLE BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM ON TIME SCALES
Authors: CEYLAN Zeki
Published: February 2021

We study a self-adjoint conformable dynamic equation of second order on an arbitrary time scale $\mathbb{T}$. We state an existence and uniqueness theorem for the solutions of this equation. We prove the conformable Lagrange identity on time scales. Then, we consider a conformable eigenvalue problem generated by the above-mentioned dynamic equation of second order and we examine some of the spectral properties of this boundary value problem.
Exploiting Multiple Timescales in Hierarchical Echo State Networks
Authors: Manneschi Luca , Ellis Matthew O. A. , Gigante Guido , Lin Andrew C. , Del Giudice Paolo , Vasilaki Eleni
Published: February 2021

Echo state networks (ESNs) are a powerful form of reservoir computing that only require training of linear output weights while the internal reservoir is formed of fixed randomly connected neurons. With a correctly scaled connectivity matrix, the neurons’ activity exhibits the echo-state property and responds to the input dynamics with certain timescales. Tuning the timescales of the network can be necessary for treating certain tasks, and some environments require multiple timescales for an efficient representation. Here we explore the timescales in hierarchical ESNs, where the reservoir is partitioned into two smaller linked reservoirs with distinct properties. Over three different tasks (NARMA10, a reconstruction task in a volatile environment, and psMNIST), we show that by selecting the hyper-parameters of each partition such that they focus on different timescales, we achieve a significant performance improvement over a single ESN. Through a linear analysis, and under the assumption that the timescales of the first partition are much shorter than the second’s (typically corresponding to optimal operating conditions), we interpret the feedforward coupling of the partitions in terms of an effective representation of the input signal, provided by the first partition to the second, whereby the instantaneous input signal is expanded into a weighted combination of its time derivatives. Furthermore, we propose a data-driven approach to optimise the hyper-parameters through a gradient descent optimisation method that is an online approximation of backpropagation through time. We demonstrate the application of the online learning rule across all the tasks considered.
Overexpression of the Transcription Factor AtLEC1 Significantly Improved the Lipid Content of Chlorella ellipsoidea
Authors: Liu Xiao , Zhang Dan , Zhang Jianhui , Chen Yuhong , Liu Xiuli , Fan Chengming , Wang Richard R-C. , Hou Yongyue , Hu Zanmin
Published: February 2021

Microalgae are considered to be a highly promising source for the production of biodiesel. However, the regulatory mechanism governing lipid biosynthesis has not been fully elucidated to date, and the improvement of lipid accumulation in microalgae is essential for the effective production of biodiesel. In this study,LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1)fromArabidopsis thaliana, a transcription factor (TF) that affects lipid content, was transferred intoChlorella ellipsoidea. Compared with wild-type (WT) strains, the total fatty acid content and total lipid content ofAtLEC1transgenic strains were significantly increased by 24.20–32.65 and 22.14–29.91%, respectively, under mixotrophic culture conditions and increased by 24.4–28.87 and 21.69–30.45%, respectively, under autotrophic conditions, while the protein content of the transgenic strains was significantly decreased by 18.23–21.44 and 12.28–18.66%, respectively, under mixotrophic and autotrophic conditions. Fortunately, the lipid and protein content variation did not affect the growth rate and biomass of transgenic strains under the two culture conditions. According to the transcriptomic data, the expression of 924 genes was significantly changed in the transgenic strain (LEC1-1). Of the 924 genes, 360 were upregulated, and 564 were downregulated. Based on qRT-PCR results, the expression profiles of key genes in the lipid synthesis pathway, such asACCase,GPDH,PDAT1, andDGAT1, were significantly changed. By comparing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) regulated byAtLEC1inC. ellipsoideaandArabidopsis, we observed that approximately 59% (95/160) of the genes related to lipid metabolism were upregulated inAtLEC1transgenicChlorella. Our research provides a means of increasing lipid content by introducing exogenous TF and presents a possible mechanism ofAtLEC1regulation of lipid accumulation inC. ellipsoidea.
Design and Development of Hybrid Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications: Recent Trends in Anticancer Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering
Authors: Cai Mao-Hua , Chen Xiao-Yi , Fu Luo-Qin , Du Wen-Lin , Yang Xue , Mou Xiao-Zhou , Hu Pei-Yang
Published: February 2021

The applications of hydrogels in biomedical field has been since multiple decades. Discoveries in biology and chemistry render this platform endowed with much engineering potentials and growing continuously. Novel approaches in constructing these materials have led to the production of complex hybrid hydrogels systems that can incorporate both natural and synthetic polymers and other functional moieties for mediated cell response, tunable release kinetic profiles, thus they are used and research for diverse biomedical applications. Recent advancement in this field has established promising techniques for the development of biorelevant materials for construction of hybrid hydrogels with potential applications in the delivery of cancer therapeutics, drug discovery, and re-generative medicines. In this review, recent trends in advanced hybrid hydrogels systems incorporating nano/microstructures, their synthesis, and their potential applications in tissue engineering and anticancer drug delivery has been discussed. Examples of some new approaches including click reactions implementation, 3D printing, and photopatterning for the development of these materials has been briefly discussed. In addition, the application of biomolecules and motifs for desired outcomes, and tailoring of their transport and kinetic behavior for achieving desired outcomes in hybrid nanogels has also been reviewed.
Natural Melanin-Based Nanoparticles With Combined Chemo/Photothermal/Photodynamic Effect Induce Immunogenic Cell Death (ICD) on Tumor
Authors: Liu Ding , Huang Huilin , Zhao Bingxia , Guo Weihong
Published: February 2021

Melanin, as a natural product, has been used as an extraordinary ingredient for nanomedicine due to its great biocompatibility and light responsive property. In this study, polydopamine (PDA), an analog of melanin, was extracted from dopamine and encapsulated with doxorubicin (DOX). The as-prepared nanoparticles (NPs) with good stability, great biosafety and high near infrared (NIR) responsive property ameliorated the cell uptake of DOX in OS-RC-2/ADR cells, exhibited synergistic chemo/photothermal (PTT)/photodynamic (PDT) effects, induced the release of damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and finally, led to immunogenic cell death (ICD). In general, it was suggested that PDA-DOX NPs with NIR irradiation could serve as a promising agent for tumor therapy.
KCa3.1 Mediates Dysregulation of Mitochondrial Quality Control in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Huang Chunling , Yi Hao , Shi Ying , Cao Qinghua , Shi Yin , Cheng Delfine , Braet Filip , Chen Xin-Ming , Pollock Carol A.
Published: February 2021

Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. Mitochondrial quality control is primarily mediated by mitochondrial turnover and repair through mitochondrial fission/fusion and mitophagy. We have previously shown that blockade of the calcium-activated potassium channel KCa3.1 ameliorates diabetic renal fibrosis. However, the mechanistic link between KCa3.1 and mitochondrial quality control in diabetic kidney disease is not yet known. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) plays a central role in diabetic kidney disease. Recent studies indicate an emerging role of TGF-β1 in the regulation of mitochondrial function. However, the molecular mechanism mediating mitochondrial quality control in response to TGF-β1 remains limited. In this study, mitochondrial function was assessed in TGF-β1-exposed renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK2 cells) transfected with scrambled siRNA or KCa3.1 siRNA. In vivo, diabetes was induced in KCa3.1+/+ and KCa3.1−/− mice by low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Mitochondrial fission/fusion-related proteins and mitophagy markers, as well as BCL2 interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) (a mitophagy regulator) were examined in HK2 cells and diabetic mice kidneys. The in vitro results showed that TGF-β1 significantly inhibited mitochondrial ATP production rate and increased mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) production when compared to control, which was normalized by KCa3.1 gene silencing. Increased fission and suppressed fusion were found in both TGF-β1-treated HK2 cells and diabetic mice, which were reversed by KCa3.1 deficiency. Furthermore, our results showed that mitophagy was inhibited in both in vitro and in vivo models of diabetic kidney disease. KCa3.1 deficiency restored abnormal mitophagy by inhibiting BNIP3 expression in TGF-β1-induced HK2 cells as well as in the diabetic mice. Collectively, these results indicate that KCa3.1 mediates the dysregulation of mitochondrial quality control in diabetic kidney disease.
Loss of Ciliary Gene Bbs8 Results in Physiological Defects in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium
Authors: Schneider Sandra , De Cegli Rossella , Nagarajan Jayapriya , Kretschmer Viola , Matthiessen Peter Andreas , Intartaglia Daniela , Hotaling Nathan , Ueffing Marius , Boldt Karsten , Conte Ivan , May-Simera Helen Louise
Published: February 2021

Primary cilia are sensory organelles vital for developmental and physiological processes. Their dysfunction causes a range of phenotypes including retinopathies. Although primary cilia have been described in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), little is known about their contribution to biological processes within this tissue. Ciliary proteins are increasingly being identified in non-ciliary locations and might carry out additional functions, disruption of which possibly contributes to pathology. The RPE is essential for maintaining photoreceptor cells and visual function. We demonstrate that upon loss of Bbs8, predominantly thought to be a ciliary gene, the RPE shows changes in gene and protein expression initially involved in signaling pathways and developmental processes, and at a later time point RPE homeostasis and function. Differentially regulated molecules affecting the cytoskeleton and cellular adhesion, led to defective cellular polarization and morphology associated with a possible epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like phenotype. Our data highlights the benefit of combinatorial “omics” approaches with in vivo data for investigating the function of ciliopathy proteins. It also emphasizes the importance of ciliary proteins in the RPE and their contribution to visual disorders, which must be considered when designing treatment strategies for retinal degeneration.
Genomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveals ZNF124 as a Critical Regulator in Highly Aggressive Medulloblastomas
Authors: Luo Zaili , Dong Xinran , Yu Jianzhong , Xia Yong , Berry Kalen P. , Rao Rohit , Xu Lingli , Xue Ping , Chen Tong , Lin Yifeng , Yu Jiyang , Huang Guoying , Li Hao , Zhou Wenhao , Lu Q. Richard
Published: February 2021

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, however, the mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis in different MB subgroups remain incompletely understood. Although previous studies of MB predisposition have been conducted in tertiary referral centers primarily in Caucasian cohorts, it is not unclear clear whether there exist population-specific genetic alterations in MBs. In this study, we investigated the contribution of genomic and transcriptomic alterations to the risk of malignant MB in the Chinese population (designated as the Asian cohort). We analyze the genomic and transcriptomic alterations of the Asian MB cohort by using a combination of whole-exome sequencing (WES) and RNA-deep-sequencing. In addition, we integrate publicly available data with the Asian MB cohort and identify a subset of potential MB-driving genes specifically enriched in each of the MB subgroups. We further characterize a newly identified group-3-enriched transcriptional regulator, ZNF124, and demonstrate that ZNF124 is critical for the growth of the most aggressive group-3 MB cells. Together, our analyses indicate conserved yet distinct genetic alterations and gene expression patterns of MBs between different ethnic groups. Our studies further provide an important resource for identifying potential tumor-driving factors in MBs, enhancing our understanding of the disease process for developing ethnically targeted therapies in patients with MB.
CD73 Ectonucleotidase Restrains CD8+ T Cell Metabolic Fitness and Anti-tumoral Activity
Authors: Briceño Pedro , Rivas-Yañez Elizabeth , Rosemblatt Mariana V. , Parra-Tello Brian , Farías Paula , Vargas Leonardo , Simon Valeska , Cárdenas César , Lladser Alvaro , Salazar-Onfray Flavio , Elorza Alvaro A. , Rosemblatt Mario , Bono María Rosa , Sauma Daniela
Published: February 2021

CD39 and CD73 are ectoenzymes that dephosphorylate ATP into its metabolites; ADP, AMP, and adenosine, and thus are considered instrumental in the development of immunosuppressive microenvironments. We have previously shown that within the CD8+ T cell population, naïve and memory cells express the CD73 ectonucleotidase, while terminally differentiated effector cells are devoid of this enzyme. This evidence suggests that adenosine might exert an autocrine effect on CD8+ T cells during T cell differentiation. To study the possible role of CD73 and adenosine during this process, we compared the expression of the adenosinergic signaling components, the phenotype, and the functional properties between CD73-deficient and WT CD8+ T cells. Upon activation, we observed an upregulation of CD73 expression in CD8+ T cells along with an upregulation of the adenosine A2A receptor. Interestingly, when we differentiated CD8+ T cells to Tc1 cellsin vitro, we observed that these cells produce adenosine and that CD73-deficient cells present a higher cytotoxic potential evidenced by an increase in IFN-γ, TNF-α, and granzyme B production. Moreover, CD73-deficient cells presented a increased glucose uptake and higher mitochondrial respiration, indicating that this ectonucleotidase restrict the mitochondrial capacity in CD8+ T cells. In agreement, when adoptively transferred, antigen-specific CD73-deficient CD8+ T cells were more effective in reducing the tumor burden in B16.OVA melanoma-bearing mice and presented lower levels of exhaustion markers than wild type cells. All these data suggest an autocrine effect of CD73-mediated adenosine production, limiting differentiation and cytotoxic T cells’ metabolic fitness.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus casei Affect Various Stages of Gardnerella Species Biofilm Formation
Authors: He Yuanhui , Na Risu , Niu Xiaoxi , Xiao Bingbing , Yang Huixia
Published: February 2021

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) and its recurrence are most commonly associated with the formation of Gardnerella species biofilm. Probiotics are typically used to treat BV; however, the optimal period of Lactobacillus probiotic application in BV treatment remains uncertain. The present study aimed to explore the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus casei on various stages of biofilm formation in Gardnerella species. The biofilm-forming ability of seven strains, including one Gardnerella vaginalis ATCC 14018 and six clinically isolated Gardnerella species, was determined via gentian violet staining assay. Moreover, the sensitivity of the planktonic and biofilm forms toward metronidazole and clindamycin was assessed via microdilution broth method. L. rhamnosus Xbb-LR-1 and L. casei Xbb-LC-1 were added during various stages of biofilm formation in Gardnerella species and were cocultured for 24 h. The biofilm thickness of each sample was determined via confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The absolute quantities of Gardnerella species in each sample was obtained via real time polymerase chain reaction method, and the pH value was obtained using a pH indicator paper. Biofilm formation by Gardnerella species in a medium with distinct pH values was observed via gentian violet staining, CLSM, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The biofilm increased the resistance of Gardnerella species toward metronidazole and clindamycin. L. rhamnosus added at the initial biofilm formation stage in Gardnerella species exhibited highest inhibitory effect, with a percentage inhibition of 38.17% ± 1.35%. When the pH value of the culture medium was <4.5 or >6.5, ATCC 14018 could hardly form a biofilm; however, at pH ≥4.5 and ≤6.5, it was able to form a stronger biofilm. The amount of biofilm attained maximum value at optical density of 3.29 ± 0.28 (595 nm), pH 5.5, and at 36 h. Biofilm formation increases the resistance of Gardnerella species toward antibiotics. Maintaining an acidic vaginal environment with pH <4.5 and a vaginal microbiota dominated by Lactobacillus remarkably prevents the formation of Gardnerella species biofilm at the initial stage, which further has a significant impact on the treatment and prevention of biofilm-related infections.
Evaluation of SNA001, a Novel Recombinant Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Injection, in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Gu Yushen , Xu Hongrong , Yang Yanling , Xiu Yan , Hu Pengcheng , Liu Min , Wang Xiangqing , Song Jun , Di Yan , Wang Jian , Zhang Xiaoxia , Xu Tao , Li Xuening , Shi Hongcheng
Published: February 2021

SNA001 is a novel recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH). rhTSH has long been approved in several countries to facilitate monitoring and ablation of thyroid carcinoma without hypothyroidism caused by thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW). To assess the safety, tolerance, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of SNA001, the two-period (SNA001 period and THW period), dose-ascending study in well-differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients was designed. Three doses (0.45 mg, 0.9 mg, and 1.35 mg) of SNA001 were intramuscularly injected, twice in the SNA001 period to stimulate iodine-131 uptake and thyroglobulin (Tg) release. 24 h after the last dose of SNA001, iodine-131 (111–185 MBq) was administrated, followed by whole-body scan (WBS) 48 h later. THW period began just after SNA001 washout and lasted for about 3–6 weeks. When TSH level was above 30 mU/L, iodine-131 (111–185 MBq) was administrated, followed by a WBS and Tg detection 48 h later. Twenty-four DTC patients after thyroidectomy were enrolled; mean peak concentrations of SNA001 in 0.45, 0.9, and 1.35 mg groups were 18.5, 26.7, and 37.0 ng/ml (about 244.7, 354.2, and 489.6 mU/L) respectively, within 28–32 h after first dose of SNA001. SNA001 was metabolized in a dose-dependent manner. The results of WBS and Tg release in the SNA001 period were compared with those in the THW period. Compared to Tg level in baseline, the Tg levels in SNA001 and THW periods were increased, with 78% of subjects showing higher Tg levels in the THW period. 100% of the patients had concordant qualitative results of the scans within two periods in three groups. Symptoms of hypothyroidism were relieved in the SNA001 period compared with THW period, though there was no significant difference in most of the scale scores. There were no serious adverse events related to SNA001; the most common adverse events were gastrointestinal symptoms of mild and transient nature. Thus, SNA001 promises to be a safe and effective method to stimulate iodine-131 uptake and Tg secretion during monitoring and ablation for DTC without the disadvantages of incidental hypothyroidism.
Artificial Light at Night Alters the Physiology and Behavior of Western Mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis)
Authors: Miner Krystie A. , Huertas Mar , Aspbury Andrea S. , Gabor Caitlin R.
Published: February 2021

Human population growth and its associated effects on the environment contribute to the rapid decrease of biodiversity worldwide. Artificial light at night (ALAN) is an anthropogenic pollutant that is increasing with the spread of urbanization and may contribute to biodiversity declines. ALAN alters the migration patterns of birds, communication in frogs, and impacts reproduction, behavior, and physiology of multiple other taxa. However, most of the studies on ALAN are based on terrestrial systems, and overall, the effects of ALAN on freshwater organisms are poorly understood. We investigated how ALAN affects the physiology, behavior, and reproduction of a widespread, tolerant species of freshwater fish.Gambusia affinisare small livebearing fish often found in urban streams. We exposed groups of femaleG. affinisto either a natural light cycle or a constant 24-h light cycle (ALAN) in the laboratory for 60 days. In another experiment, we exposed femaleG. affinisto the same treatments in outdoor mesocosms for 32 days. We found that exposure to ALAN lowered glucose levels in the brain and decreased swimming activity, but had no effect on cortisol release rates, reproduction, survival, or growth. This research is strengthened by measuring multiple metrics in response to ALAN and by incorporating both a field and laboratory component which confirm similar results. These results suggest that this tolerant species of fish may behaviorally adjust to ALAN rather than modulate their endocrine stress response.