bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Ending of Mark
Authors: STEIN ROBERT H.
Published: April 2022

With the recognition that Mark 16:8 is the most authentic ending of the second Gospel, debate has raged over whether this is the Evangelist's intended ending or whether his intended ending was lost. In the first part of the 20th century, the predominant view was that the original ending had been lost, but in the latter part of the century this was replaced by the view that 16:8 was Mark's intended ending, and numerous attempts were made to explain how 16:8 serves as a fitting ending for the Gospel. The present article seeks to demonstrate that 16:8 is not the Evangelist's intended ending. The two main arguments given are that Mark 14:28 and 16:7 are Markan insertions that point to a postresurrection meeting of Jesus and the disciples in Galilee and that it is very unlikely that the Evangelist would have left this prophecy unfulfilled by ending abruptly with 16:8. This would be the only unfulfilled prophecy of Jesus in Mark except for the prophecy concerning his parousia. The second argument is that in contrast to modern reader-response interpretations of 16:1–8, the emphasis of these verses is not about the disciples and their failures but on Jesus Christ, the Son of God (1:1), and the key verses are 16:6–7 and not 16:8.
The Eschatological Temple in John 14
Authors: BRYAN STEVEN M.
Published: April 2022

In an article published in Tyndale Bulletin in 1993, the eminent Cambridge scholar Ernst Bammel offered the following bare assertion in regard to John 14:2: "The house with the many mansions is, of course, the temple." This stands against the tide of scholarly opinion on the text, which identifies "my Father's house" as heaven. On this understanding, Jesus promises to return to heaven in order to prepare rooms that will serve as the final heavenly abode of his followers. However, several lines of evidence suggest that Bammel's intuition that the text was speaking about the Temple was correct. What follows then is an attempt to show that John 14:2–3 refers to a heavenly Temple that Jesus makes ready through his death and resurrection to serve as the eternal dwelling of his followers in the presence of God.
Interpreting Apocalyptic Symbolism in the Gospel of Matthew
Authors: GURTNER DANIEL M.
Published: April 2022

The appearance of apocalyptic symbols is common in NT narratives, including in the Gospel of Matthew. But the identification and interpretation of such symbols is frequently allusive, indeterminate, and even contradictory in scholarly discussion. The purpose of this article is to offer some methodological controls for interpreting these texts. Drawing on seminal work done on apocalypses as a genre and their constituent features, this article posits that the employment of symbols is a defining element of apocalypses that provides an important point of entry for the identification and interpretation of apocalyptic symbols in the Gospel of Matthew. These symbols can be interpreted in a manner similar to that employed for formal apocalypses, in which interpreters seek to determine the referent of the symbol employed. Yet the distinction in genre between an apocalypse and a bios warrants careful attention to the function of the apocalyptic symbol in the Gospel narrative. This method is demonstrated on a text frequently described as "apocalyptic" (Matt 27:51–54).
Demonstrating Transgression by Building Up the Faith: Argumentation in Galatians 2:17–18
Authors: TAYLOR JOHN W.
Published: April 2022

Readings of Gal 2:17–18 vary significantly in their approach to the two conditional sentences, in their understanding of the scenario Paul is addressing in 2:17, in their assessment of their relationship of the two verses, and in their conclusion as to the contribution these verses make to Paul's argument in 2:15–21. On the other hand, scholars are in virtual unanimity that 2:18 indirectly accuses Peter of rebuilding the law as a means of justification. This study considers the interpretive options and suggests that contextual, grammatical and rhetorical considerations all point toward a surprising outcome. Paul and other Jewish believers, in seeking justification in Christ, are found ironically to be sinners like the Gentiles. Christ did not make them sinners, but Paul's actions in building up the faith paradoxically demonstrate his acknowledgment that he was a sinner just like the Gentiles, because he was a transgressor of the law.
Lexical Pragmatics and the Lexicon
Authors: GREEN GENE L.
Published: April 2022

While the number of our lexical resources for exegeting and translating both testaments has grown enormously, our understanding of how words mean remains lodged in a model of communication that has come under challenge in recent years. The way we understand the nature of and relationship between lexemes and concepts will affect how we develop and utilize our lexicons for exegesis. Traditionally, lexical semantics has oriented both these lexicographic endeavors. But recent research in the field of lexical pragmatics, currently discussed among those working on Relevance Theory (RT) and other cognitive approaches to linguistics, gives important new guidance to orient our use of the lexicon and offers valuable insights that can help shape their future design. Lexical pragmatics points to a new, more context-oriented and dynamic approach to understanding the relationship between lexemes and concepts, and the nature of concepts as ad hoc constructions, in the communication of meaning.
The Septuagint and Apostolic Hermeneutics: Amos 9 in Acts 15
Authors: GLENNY W. EDWARD
Published: April 2022

The decision of the Jerusalem Council in Acts 15 clarified the identity and mission of the church. James's speech in 15:13–21 is the most crucial and controversial part of the discussion at the Council, because he gives the scriptural basis for the decision of the Council. According to Acts 15, James resolves the controversy at the Council by appealing to an adapted and conflated text of the Septuagint of Amos 9:11–12. This essay addresses some of the issues concerning the meaning, exegetical basis, and historical credibility of James's scriptural argument, as reported in Acts 15. In making its decision, the Council employed Jewish hermeneutical methodology, the Septuagint and MT texts, and testimony concerning God's recent work among the Gentiles. This essay argues that the scriptural basis in Amos 9:11–12 for the inclusion of Gentiles, as Gentiles, in the end-time people of God is the restoration of the "tent of David," which is the reign of the Davidic dynasty in the person of Jesus Christ. This Messianic reign is not as it would have been envisioned in the time of Amos; it is the reign of Messiah Jesus as universal Lord at God's right hand, and it involves the administration of new covenant blessings.
Paul and Sedition: Pauline Apologetic in Acts
Authors: Keener Craig S.
Published: April 2022

In a number of cases, Luke's depiction of riots in Acts follows the appropriate convention in forensic rhetoric of returning charges against accusers. At the same time, Luke's apologetic could have been better served had he been able to avoid narrating riots surrounding Paul at all. His narration of riots therefore reflects accusations against Paul still likely circulating in his day, charges exemplifed in Acts 24:5 and 25:8 and perhaps associated with Paul's martyrdom (depending on the date one assigns to Acts). There is therefore strong probability that Luke preserves relevant and fairly recent, therefore probably accurate, information about some of Paul's historical experiences. Observing Luke's apologetic therefore informs our appreciation of Luke both as an apologist and as a historian.
Current Trends in Old Testament Textual Criticism
Authors: WEGNER PAUL D.
Published: April 2022

There are some exciting trends currently underway in OT textual criticism. The purpose of this article is both to summarize these trends and to suggest a way forward in a few cases. Three areas that will be addressed in this article are (1) the formation of the Hebrew text, (2) the goal of OT textual criticism, and (3) a diplomatic Hebrew text versus an eclectic Hebrew text. The Hebrew text of the OT has an amazing heritage that is well worth tracing through the process of textual criticism.
From Slaves of Sin to Slaves of God: Reconsidering the Origin of Paul's Slavery Metaphor in Romans 6
Authors: GOODRICH JOHN K.
Published: April 2022

The origin of Paul's δοῦλος metaphors has long captured the attention of NT interpreters. While many scholars maintain that these images were principally influenced by one of the modes of physical slavery practiced in the Greco-Roman world, others propose that the metaphors derive exclusively from the servant/slave of God motif enlisted throughout Jewish literature. Concentrating on Romans 6, this article provides a detailed survey of three recent contributions to the Jewish-only position (those by Richard Horsley, John Byron, and Tom Holland, respectively) before responding critically to them at three points. The article ultimately seeks to assert that Paul's δοῦλος metaphor in Romans 6 (and elsewhere), while functioning as an extension of a Jewish theological motif, was significantly influenced by Greco-Roman notions of domestic slavery.
The Abused Present
Authors: MATHEWSON DAVID L.
Published: April 2022

Forty years after the publication of Frank Stagg's warning against abuse of the aorist tense, it is time that we examine whether similar warnings need to be sounded regarding the other major tense form—the present tense. Scholars and commentators have frequently understood the present tense form as indicating action that is continuous, durative, or habitual. However, recent research into verbal aspect has suggested that the Greek tense system is an aspectual one, that is, it pertains to how the author chooses to view the action, rather than how the action actually took place. In light of this, the present tense should be understood semantically as the internal viewpoint, looking at the action as in progress, as developing or unfolding. This can be seen from the numerous examples of present tenses in the NT that do not indicate action that is continuous, habitual, or ongoing. The article then surveys representative grammars and commentaries, demonstrating that this notion of continuous and durative action is widespread, but inadequate. It is suggested that commentators and students of the NT rely on the more recent grammatical tools that implement insights from verbal aspect. The article concludes with a summary of implications for interpreting the present tense form. One of the possible functions is to indicate prominence in discourse, to foreground various characters, scenes, or events. Outside of this, the interpreter should be cautious of the conclusions that he/she draws from the present tense form and should avoid reading into it notions of "continuous," "durative," "ongoing," or "habitual" action.
Comparison of early migration patterns between a ceramic and polyethylene liner in uncemented Trabecular Titanium cups: a 2-year randomized controlled trial of 52 hips using radiostereometric analysis
Authors: Klaassen Amanda D , Schäffer Elisabeth A , Willigenburg Nienke W , Van Beers Loes W A H , Scholtes Vanessa A B , Van der Hulst Victor P M , Koster Lennard A , Kaptein Bart L , Moojen Dirk Jan F , Poolman Rudolf W
Published: April 2022

Background and purpose: Ceramic liners may reduce early stability of uncemented acetabular components due to higher stiffness. However, the bone ingrowth capacities of porous trabecular titanium might compensate for this effect. This prospective randomized trial quantifies migration patterns of the Delta-TT cup, and compares polyethylene and ceramic liners.Patients and methods: Patients undergoing primary uncemented total hip arthroplasty with the Delta-TT cup and femoral stem with ceramic head were randomized to a polyethylene (n = 25) or ceramic (n = 28) liner. Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) radiographs, patient-reported hip function (HOOS-PS, OHS), and quality of life (EQ5D) were collected at baseline and 1.5, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Model-based RSA was used to calculate 3D cup translation and rotation, and mixed models were used to compare effects over time between groups.Results: At 2 years follow-up, Delta-TT cups showed similar mean proximal translation of 0.56 mm (95% CI 0.38–0.75) in the ceramic (CE) group and 0.54 mm (0.30–0.77) in the polyethylene (PE) group, with a between group effect of 0.02 mm (–0.20–0.23). Most cup migration occurred in the first 1.5 to 3 months, stabilizing within 6 months. Any between-group effects were ≤ 0.30 mm for translation and ≤ 0.45° for rotation. Improvements in patient-reported hip function and quality of life were similar in both groups.Interpretation: Regardless of liner type, Delta-TT cups showed some initial migration and stabilized within 6 months, which seems promising for long-term fixation in both cup-liner constructs.
Evaluation of Monomer Elution and Surface Roughness of a Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Network CAD–CAM Material After Er,Cr:YSGG Laser-assisted Tooth Bleaching
Authors: Mourouzis P , Diamantopoulou E , Tsigarida A , Dionysopoulos D , Konstantinidis A , Samanidou V , Tolidis K
Published: April 2022

Purpose:

The aim of this in vitro study was to examine the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser-assisted tooth bleaching treatment on the elution of monomers and surface roughness of a hybrid computer-aided design–computer-aided manufacturing (CAD–CAM) material, and to compare it with a resin composite for direct restorations.

Methods and Materials:

Forty specimens of a hybrid CAD–CAM material (Enamic) and forty of a conventional resin composite (Tetric) were fabricated and randomly divided into four groups (n=10). Half of the specimens of each material were stored in distilled water and the other half in artificial saliva for 7 days. At the end of this period, the storage medium was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the surface roughness parameters of the specimens were evaluated by optical imaging noncontact interferometric profilometry. Afterwards, half of the specimens of each tested material received a conventional in-office tooth bleaching treatment and the other half an Er,Cr:YSGG laser-assisted bleaching treatment, and then they were again incubated in distilled water and artificial saliva for an additional 7-day time period. At the end of this period, the effect of the bleaching treatments on elution of monomers and surface roughness of the tested materials was evaluated.

Results:

Bisphenol A (BPA), urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), and bisphenol A-glycidyl dimethacrylate (BisGMA) were eluted from the conventional resin composite into both the solutions tested. Only TEGDMA was eluted from the hybrid CAD–CAM material. However, no statistically significant differences were found among the surface roughness parameters of both materials. Both the conventional and Er,Cr:YSGG laser-assisted tooth bleaching treatments affected the monomer elution from the composite resin. However, there were no statistically significant differences (p<0.05) between the treatments.

Conclusions:

According to the results of this study, tooth bleaching with Er,Cr:YSGG laser or conventional technique is safe, even if the bleaching agent comes in contact with hybrid CAD–CAM restorations.
Impacts of Integrated Nutrient Management on Epidemiology, Seed Yield and Severity of Alternaria blight Disease in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)
Authors:   Dept. of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, W.B. (741 252), India, Mahapatra Sunita , Chakraborty Sunanda ,   Subject Matter Specialist (Horticulture), Nadia, Kishi Vigyan Kendra , BCKV, Nadia, W.B. (741 252), India, Samanta Malay ,   Dept. of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, W.B. (741 252), India, Das Srikanta ,   Dept. of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, W.B. (741 252), India
Published: April 2022

The field studies were conducted at the research farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, West Bengal, India during rabi seasons of 2017–18 and 2018–19. The objective of the research was to establish a relationship between disease severity of Alternaria blight with epidemiological factors in Indian mustard under Integrated Nutrient Management. Severity of disease in the specified time intervals was measured under 10 different nutrient management treatments combinations. Results showed that the highest intensity of Alternaria blight was observed with a mean maximum temperature of 19.3 to 24.4°C, mean minimum temperature of 7.6 to 14.1°C, average temperature of 13.5 to 19.3°C and an average relative humidity of more than 70%. The nutrient management in different combinations resulted different disease severity on leaves and pods and with increase in the age of the plant, significant increase in disease severity was observed. Maximum increase in disease severity was observed on 95 days after sowing (DAS) (44.77%) followed by 80 DAS (38.99%) and 65 DAS (32.99%) irrespective of their different treatments. Minimum disease severity was observed (13.83%) when the plots were treated with Azotobacter @ 250 g kg-1 seed, Phosphobacteria @ 250 g kg-1 seed along with FYM @ 7.5 t ha-1. Empirical relationship was established between different weather factors and Alternaria blight under different nutrient management practices which will be useful to forecast the first appearance of the disease accurately.
Influence of Different Levels of Fertilizer and Post-Emergence Herbicides on Weed Control Efficiency, Nutrient Depletion by Weeds and Production of Wheat [Triticum aestivum (L.)]
Authors:   Directorate of Extension Education, Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan (342 304), India, - Sarita , Singh Ishwar ,   Directorate of Extension Education, Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan (342 304), India, Mehriya M. L. ,   College of Agriculture, Sumerpur, Pali, Rajasthan (306 902), India
Published: April 2022

The field studies were conducted at Instructional Farm, College of Agriculture, Jodhpur (Agriculture University, Jodhpur), Rajasthan, India on Wheat during rabi seasons (November to April) of both the 2018–2019 and 2019–2020. The experiment was consisted of three fertility levels viz., 75% of recommended dose of fertilizer (90-30 kg N-P2O5 ha-1), 100% of RDF (120-40 kg N-P2O5ha-1) and 125% of RDF (150-50 kg N-P2O5 ha-1)] and sub-plots: seven post-emergence herbicides (trisulfuron 15 g ha-1, sulfosulfuron 75%+metsulfuron methyl 5% (ready-mix) 32 g ha-1, clodinafop-propargyl 15%+metsulfuron methyl 1% (ready-mix) 64 g ha-1, carfentrazon 20 g ha-1, metsulfuron methyl 4 g ha-1, weedy check and weed free) in split plot design and replicated thrice. Findings revealed, application of 100% recorded the higher growth attributes viz, plant height, dry matter accumulation (g-2) and leaf area index at 50 DAS, yield parameters viz, effective tillers m-1 row length, and grain, straw and biological yield of wheat over 75% RDF, however it was at par with 125% RDF. Among the post-emergence herbicides, the herbicide clodinafop-propargyl 15%+metsulfuron methyl 1% (ready-mix) 64 g ha-1 significantly increased the growth and yield parameters and yield, while remaining at par with sulfosulfuron 75%+metsulfuron methyl 5% (ready-mix) 32 g ha-1 and proved superior in comparison to rest of the treatments. Maximum nutrients (NPK) depletion by weeds was recorded with the application of 125% RDF. Among herbicides, clodinafop-propargyl 15%+metsulfuron methyl 1% (ready-mix) 64 g ha-1 was also obtained significantly minimum nutrients depletion by weeds.
Some Efficient Methods to Remove Bias in Ratio and Product Types Estimators in Ranked Set Sampling
Authors:   Dept. of Agricultural Economics & Management, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University  of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan (313 001), India, Mehta Nitu , Mandowara V. L. ,   Dept. of Mathematics & Statistics, University College of Science, M. L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan (313 001), India
Published: April 2022

Ranked set sampling is one method to potentially increase precision and reduce costs by using quantitative or qualitative information to obtain a more representative sample. Use of auxiliary information has shown its significance in improvement of efficiency of estimators of unknown population parameters. Ratio estimator is used when auxiliary information in the form of population mean of auxiliary variable at estimation stage for the estimation of population parameters when study and auxiliary variable are positively correlated. In case of negative correlation between study variable and auxiliary variable, Product estimator is defined for the estimation of population mean. This paper proposed the problem of reducing the bias of the ratio and product estimators of the population mean in ranked set sampling (RSS). This paper suggested several type unbiased estimators of the finite population mean using information on known population parameters of the auxiliary variable in ranked set sampling. An important objective in any statistical estimation procedure is to obtain the estimators of parameters of interest with more precision. The Variance of the proposed unbiased ratio and product estimators are obtained up to first degree of approximation. Theoretically, it is shown that these suggested estimators are more efficient than the unbiased estimators in Simple random sampling. A numerical illustration is also carried out to demonstrate the merits of the proposed estimators using RSS over the usual estimators in SRS.
Effect of Sowing Date on Grain Yield, its Components and Some Morpho-Phenological Traits of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) In Semi-Arid Zone in Algeria
Authors:   Dept. of Biology and Plant Ecology, VRBN Laboratory, Farhat Abbas Setif University 1, Setif (19000), Algeria, Oulmi Abdelmalek , Frih Benalia ,   Dept. of Biology and Plant Ecology, VRBN Laboratory, Farhat Abbas Setif University 1, Setif (19000), Algeria, Guendouz Ali ,   National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria (INRAA), Sétif Unit, Setif (19000), Algeria, Benkadja Sarah ,   Dept. of Agronomy, VRBN Laboratory, Farhat Abbas Setif University 1, Setif (19000), Algeria
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted at Setif Agricultural Experimental Station in 2017−2018 crop season, the experimental material used in this study consisted of 5 cultivars (Triticum durum Desf.) based on their difference between early and late cultivation. The genotypes tested were sowing in in a random block design with three replications, each plot consisted of 2 rows of 2.5 m long spaced of 20 cm. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the choice of sowing date on grain yield, these components as well as some morpho-phenological traits in order to have an idea on the best sowing date. Two-way analysis of variance showed that the effect of sowing date was significant (p<0.001−0.05) with the variables above ground biomass (BIO), spike weight (SW), Thousand kernels weight (TKW), Flag leaf area (LA), plant height (PH), number of days to heading (DH) and canopy temperature (CT), this effect caused the decrease of major parameters studied and mainly grain yield (GY), accompanied by decrease of BIO, SW, TKW, relative Water contents RWC, LA, PH and DH. Ofanto is shown to be the most suitable genotype for the late sowing date (January). The correlation analysis show that GY was significantly, strongly and positively correlated (p<0.001) under both sowing date with BIO and SW. CT was negatively correlated with GY, BIO, SW and HI (p<0.05) who suggest that our plants underwent water stress during the second sowing date.
Support Vector Machine Based Design and Simulation of Air Traffic Management for Prioritized Landing of Large Number of UAVs
Authors: Abdulhameed Ahmed , Memon Qurban
Published: April 2022

UAVs also known as drones are gaining more popularity day by day and its applications keep increasing. They are being used in several areas, such as transportation, surveillance, defense, etc. They open doors for new innovative applications due to their compact design, flexibility in landing and departing, the accurate possible control of their flying methodology. As a part of expected future of extensive use of this device, a landing control system for prioritizing the landing of large number of UAVs at a certain station using support vector machine learning is proposed. The proposed system shows promising results in terms of controlling landing sequences of a large number of UAVs. Based on results, the conclusions are presented.
Analysis of e-Service Quality and e-Trust on e-Loyalty with e-Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable in The Government e-Catalogue
Authors: Rachmawati Deasy , Syafarudin Afriapollo
Published: April 2022

One of the ways utilized in selecting a Provider of Goods/services in Government Procurement is electronic purchasing (e-Purchasing) through an e-Catalogue. This study intends to investigate the influence of e-service quality and e-trust on e-loyalty through e-satisfaction of e-Catalogue users in all Ministries/Institutions/Regional Apparatuses in Indonesia. Sampling was carried out on 380 respondents who were procurement participants who had transacted in the government e-Catalogue with a minimum of 2 (two) transactions. Analysis of research data was done using Structural Equation Model (SEM) with SmartPLS version 3.3.3 application. Based on the findings of hypothesis testing, it is found that e-service quality has a positive but not significant effect on e-loyalty. E-service quality and e-trust have a positive and significant effect on e-satisfaction. E-trust and e-satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on e-loyalty. E-satisfaction can mediate service quality and e-trust in e-loyalty. The theoretical implications of the results of this study are also valuable for Government Agencies. They would build e-Catalogue applications by paying attention to the level of e-service quality to establish e-trust, e-satisfaction, and e-loyalty when transacting through e-Catalogue.
New Approach to Curbing Age Cheating in Civil-Service and Other Professions, Ghana
Authors: Norman Ishmael D.
Published: April 2022

Age cheating or age falsification is a widespread phenomenon in many nations and professions, and even in social arrangements such as marriages and partnerships. It is not unique to Ghana or Africa, though the motivations for it may differ from country to country or profession. In Ghana, age cheating phenomenon has been experienced in football, civil service recruitment, job retention and the unilateral postponement of retirement, high level corporate management jobs, sports competitions and qualification for foreign scholarships for post-graduate degrees, and enlistment into the security forces, where a lower age is a pre-condition for eligibility, consideration, acceptance, retention and promotion.
The Social Restitutive Theory, SRT, is proposed as an approach to claw back the resulting benefits to the age cheater or age falsificators, upon the discovery of the fraud of age cheating in order to put society where it would have been without the fraudulent act. SRT lays down the approach at finding solutions to age cheating phenomenon; attempts to explain why it happens, and how society could recover any calculable losses that may have occurred, due to the fraud of cheating in age for personal gain in any social situation, where normative social structures may have been abused by the cheater with intentionality and the obfuscation of personal identifiable information.
The initiation of restitutive measures for the recovery of salary and other emoluments paid to the actor in age cheating is valid, irrespective of the benefits that may have accrued to society from the individual’s enterprise, contribution, or personal circumstance. This paper may contribute to a higher level of accountability, transparency and ethics in the professions, where age cheating is rife as well as encourage further research into the phenomenon.
ENGLISH AND TAGALOG VOCABULARY OF PRESCHOOLERS: A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Lumabi Bethany Marie Cabantac , Maleon Jeremie Monter
Published: April 2022

In Philippine schools, the standard use of English and Tagalog is emphasized; code switching is discouraged. Therefore, parents of children who are exposed to and are trying to learn either of these languages, their L2 mind distinguishes correct usage of its features to avoid confusion and acquisition difficulties. Considerably, the English language acquisition in the Philippines is both influenced by nationwide use of the language in the households and communities, and exposure to information technology; both are deemed necessary in English literacy and prestige. Consequently, this case study contrasted the lexical and contextual features of L1 and L2 learned vocabulary words of pre-schoolers (male and female) to recognize their L2 acquisition difficulty and contextual cues as perceived by the parents of the subjects based on children’s personal, cognitive, and cultural attributes. Through qualitative method using the contrastive analysis hypothesis established by Lado (1957), this study supports the interlanguage of English and Tagalog; children can acquire lexical and contextual L1 and L2 prior to their formal schooling.
LANSKAP BAHASA INDONESIA PADA PENAMAAN TEMPAT MAKAN DAN MINUM DI TALIWANG KABUPATEN SUMBAWA BARAT
Authors: Syahrawati Chairani , Burhanuddin Burhanuddin , Mahyudi Johan
Published: April 2022

AbstrakPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian tentang lanskap bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk, makna, dan fungsi lanskap bahasa Indonesia pada penamaan tempat makan dan minum di Taliwang, Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat. Data yang digunakan berupa hasil foto penggunaan bahasa pada papan nama tempat makan dan minum di sepanjang jalan utama kota Taliwang. Analisis dilakukan dengan teknik koleksi data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk bahasa pada penamaan tempat makan dan minum di Taliwang Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat berupa kata dasar, kata berimbuhan, frasa, dan klausa. Selanjutnya makna pada lanskap bahasa berupa makna konseptual. Adapun fungsi lanskap bahasa berupa fungsi informasional, simbol identitas, dan simbol pelestarian bahasa daerah. Kata kunci: Bentuk, Makna, Fungsi, Lanskap Bahasa, Lanskap Linguistik AbstractThis research is research on the Indonesian language landscape. This study aims to describe the shape, meaning, and function of the Indonesian language landscape in naming places to eat and drink in Taliwang, West Sumbawa Regency. The data used is in the form of photos of the use of language on the signboards of places to eat and drink along the main street of Taliwang city. The analysis was carried out using data collection techniques, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the form of language in naming places to eat and drink in Taliwang, West Sumbawa Regency in the form of basic words, affixes, phrases, and clauses. Furthermore, the meaning in the language landscape is in the form of conceptual meaning. The functions of the language landscape are in the form of informational functions, symbols of identity, and symbols of preservation of regional languages. Keywords: Form, Meaning, Function, Language Landscape, Linguistic Landscape
EKSISTENSI HASRAT SEKSUAL JEAN PAUL SARTE DALAM NOVEL AMBA KARYA LAKSMI PAMUNTJAK
Authors: Kurniawan Eva Dwi
Published: April 2022

Eksistensi merupakan salah satu cabang filsafat yang diusung oleh Jean Paul Sarte. Di dalamnya terdapat persoalan mengenai hasrat seksual yang menempatkan kesadaran sebagai kunci utamanya. Novel Amba karya Laksmi Pamuntjak merupakan salah satu novel yang di dalamya tersebar mengenai hasrat seksual. Penelitian ini memiliki rumusan masalah tentang bagaimana hasrat seksual yang dikemukakan oleh Jean Paul Sarte beroperasi di dalam novel Amba, dan bagaimana motif apakah yang mendasari kemunculan hasrat seksual dalam novel Amba. Kajian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis dengan menerapkan teori hasrat seksual Jean Paul Sarte. Temuan yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat keutuhan hasrat seksual pada diksi-diksi seksual yang bertebaran dalam novel, (2) coitus sebagai laku kesadaran eksistensi; dan (3) motif hasrat seksual yang bermula pada masa lampau.
European standards of the judiciary and the status of judges
Authors: Babenko G.O.
Published: April 2022

The main goal of Ukraine in the direction of integration into the European Union is the adaptation of Ukrainian legislation to the legislation of the European Union, the gradual adoption and implementation of regulations of Ukraine, developed taking into account the legislation of the European Union. The state policy of Ukraine on the adaptation of legislation is formed as an integral part of legal reform in Ukraine and is aimed at ensuring common approaches to rule-making, mandatory consideration of European Union legislation in rule-making, etc.

The purpose of the article is to determine the content of the concept and system of European standards of the judiciary and the status of judges, which can be applied in the legislation of Ukraine, taking into account the peculiarities of the judicial system.

The article deals with the legal nature of standards, so the following definition is formulated: a legal standard is a set of rules of conduct of entities in a particular area, established by regulations.

When applying European standards in the field of the judiciary and the status of judges, the following must be taken into account: the standard must be regulated by international law and enshrined in Ukrainian law; may be mandatory or recommended; a single approach to the content of this standard will ensure the unity of case law.

The article proposes a system of European standards of the judiciary and the status of judges, which consists of two groups: 1) generally accepted European standards, mandatory European standards; 2) special European standards in the field of the judiciary and the status of judges, those of a recommendatory nature.

The importance of adhering to European standards in the field of the judiciary and the status of judges, as well as their impact on judicial practice in democracies, is difficult to overestimate. Their comprehensive implementation in the judiciary is relevant, as it ensures the democratic development of Ukraine and the rule of law. The existence of a unified approach to defining the content of the concept, the system of European standards, their enshrinement in international and European legal acts will ensure the unity of case law.
FoMO: Loyalitas Konsumen Berdasarkan Brand Experience Produk Olahan Singkong Asli Madura
Authors: Triyasari Sri Ratna , Tamami Novi DB , Pangestu Luthfan
Published: April 2022

Fear of missing out (FoMO) merupakan fenomena takut kehilangan atau tertinggal suatu trend yang dialami oleh masyarakat akibat ketergantungan dengan media sosial. Oleh karena itu hal tersebut sering dimanfaatkan sebagai strategi penjualan agar calon konsumen segera melakukan pembelian dengan cepat. Hal ini menjadi peluang dilakukan penelitian pada produk olahan singkong asli Madura, karena memiliki jenis dan merek produk yang beragam namun tingkat eksistensinya masih rendah. Alat analisis penelitian ini menggunakan diagram fish bone, dan memasukkan faktor brand experience serta FoMO untuk meningkatkan loyalitas konsumen. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah non probability sampling secara judgement sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi loyalitas terhadap produk singkong adalah price, product, people, promotion dan place.
Pengaruh Partisipasi Anggota terhadap Keberhasilan Koperasi Produsen Kopi Margamulya Kecamatan Pangalengan Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Adela Aqila Shafa , Karyani Tuti
Published: April 2022

Koperasi sebagai salah satu pilar kunci dalam perekonomian Indonesia merupakan organisasi ekonomi dan sosial yang memiliki tujuan khusus untuk kesejahteraan anggota dan tujuan umum untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat. Anggota merupakan sumber daya koperasi memiliki pengaruh yang sangat besar dalam perkembangan serta keberhasilan suatu koperasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat partisipasi anggota, keberhasilan usaha koperasi di Koperasi Produsen Kopi Margamulya (KPKM). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode survei. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah keberhasilan koperasi sedangkan variabel independennya adalah partisipasi anggota. Sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik Random Sampling diperoleh sebanyak 60 anggota dari jumlah populasi 150 anggota. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif persentase dan analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian didapatkan analisis deskriptif persentase menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata partisipasi anggota berada dalam kriteria rendah. Indikator yang tinggi yaitu partisipasi anggota sebagai pengguna. Hasil dari rata-rata analisis deskriptif persentase mengenai keberhasilan koperasi berada dalam kriteria rendah. Hasil dari Uji T menunjukkan bahwa partisipasi anggota berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap keberhasilan usaha Koperasi Produsen Kopi Margamulya. Implikasi dari penelitian memberikan informasi yang dibutuhkan dalam memprediksi variabel keberhasilan koperasi. Mengingat nilai koefisien determinasi yang kecil pada penelitian ini, yakni hanya 21,6%, limitasi dari penelitian ini kurang dijelaskan variabel seperti pembinaan pemerintah, permodalan, dan pelayanan yang menjadi pendukung dalam keberhasilan koperasi.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN PENUGASAN TERHADAP TINGKAH LAKU MEMPERTAHANKAN WILAYAH NEGARA PADA PRAJURIT PENJAGA PERBATASAN KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Suyanto Suyanto , Iskandar Tb. Zulriska , Ardiwinata Maya Rosmayati , Purwono Urip
Published: April 2022

Sebagai penjaga wilayah perbatasan negara, prajurit penjaga perbatasan dihadapkan pada tantangan yang berasal tidak hanya dari luar perbatasan, melainkan juga dari dalam wilayah negaranya. Tantangan tersebut berasal baik dari unsur masyarakat, bentang alam, maupun proses sosial. Oleh karena itu, prajurit perlu memiliki kondisi psikologis yang positif yang merupakan wujud kesiapan prajurit untuk melaksanakan tugasnya, yaitu mempertahankan wilayah negara di perbatasan. Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada modalitas psikis tentang persepsi lingkungan penugasan, dan diteliti pengaruhnya terhadap tingkah laku mempertahankan wilayah negara. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional dengan mixed-method, di mana data kuantitatif dan kualitatif dikumpulkan secara bersamaan dan masing-masing dianalisis untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan. Data kuantitatif dijaring melalui kuesioner, sedangkan data kualitatif melalui observasi, wawancara dan FGD. Populasi penelitian adalah penjaga perbatasan Kalimantan Barat, dengan sampel berjumlah 666 prajurit yang berasal dari empat batalion dan empat kodim di sepanjang perbatasan Kalimantan Barat. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan structural equation modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang positif dan persepsi signifikan tentang lingkungan penugasan terhadap tingkah laku mempertahankan wilayah negara. Analisis deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa persepsi prajurit tentang lingkungan penugasan di perbatasan Kalimantan Barat cenderung negatif, sedangkan tingkah laku mempertahankan wilayah negara berada pada taraf yang cukup optimal.
The Mantra of Architecture Practitioners: Architectural Education is Detached From the Profession. Healing the Schism: The Need for Reformation in UK Architecture Education
Authors: Andrews Martin William
Published: April 2022

The schism that exists between UK architecture academics and architecture practitioners is now a significant issue because the practical-knowledge gap within the profession has diminished the status of the architect as an important member of the construction team. This opinion article explores the need for tutor training in architecture education. This article draws on findings from an investigation of teacher training and staff development in Higher Education to show that the ARB, RIBA and UK Schools of Architecture could begin to develop a professional teaching and CPD framework to support architect-tutors as a way of bridging the divide between academia and practice. This article argues that if educators and practitioners can work together more harmoniously, the UK architecture profession stands a better chance of meeting a challenging and unpredictable future.
La surreprésentation des élèves de nationalité étrangère dans l’enseignement spécialisé vaudois : une analyse par les dispositifs scolaires et la région d'origine
Authors: Bovey Laurent , Bauer Stéphanie , Bonvin Patrick
Published: April 2022

Cet article s’intéresse à la surreprésentation des élèves de nationalité étrangère dans l’enseignement spécialisé vaudois. À partir d’une analyse descriptive des données du Service cantonal de recherche et d’information statistiques du canton de Vaud de 1996 à 2019, l’article propose de réactualiser les données sur le sujet et de vérifier si cette surreprésentation subsiste, et si elle se manifeste de manière différente selon les nationalités ou regroupements territoriaux et selon le type de dispositif dans lequel les élèves sont assigné·e·s (classes spéciales ou écoles spécialisées).
REFORM OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN FRANCE,
ALWAYS STARTS AGAIN
Authors: CABANIS André , PĂCEȘILĂ Mihaela
Published: April 2022

The policy of reforming municipalities in the French state shows continuity as regards its objectives while
pointing out instability as regards the achievements. The paper aims to analyse the policy of local government reform in
France, highlighting the challenges of reducing fragmentation of France’s territory and the distribution of powers between
the various constituencies: municipalities, departments, and regions. The data collection method used in this paper
included the document analysis considered by the authors to be the best way to conduct a research on this topic. The
analysis indicates that the local leaders are not able to take the necessary measures to ensure the progress of the reform,
on one hand, and they fail to reach a consensus as regards the administrative-territorial division and the simplification of
local election procedures and division of competencies between three tiers, on the other hand.
Location of the Uralic proto-language in the Kama River Valley and the Uralic speakers' Expansion east and west with the 'Sejma-Turbino transcultural phenomenon’ 2200-1900 BC
Authors: Parpola Asko
Published: April 2022

Volgo-Kama Neolithic resulted from an expansion of the Elshan culture to Lower Kama c. 5700 BCE. Corresponding “Indo-Uralic” linguistic parallels attest to an expansion of pre-Proto-Indo-European speakers to the area of pre-Proto-Uralic speakers. This supports the evidence of linguistic palaeontology (Proto-Uralic words for ‘cembra pine’ and for ‘bee’ and ‘honey’) for the Kama River Valley as the Uralic homeland. Proto-Uralic had loanwords from pre-Proto-Indo-Iranian, whose speakers can now be traced to the Abashevo culture of 2200–2000 BCE: the Abashevo expansion from Lower Kama to the Ural-Tobol interfluve created the Sintashta culture (2000–1900 BCE), which has the earliest archaeological evidence for horse-drawn chariots, matching Proto-Indo-Iranian chariot vocabulary. Between 2200 and 1900 BCE, the Sejma-Turbino network (ST) of warrior-smith-traders distributed high-quality weapons along the border of taiga and steppe between the Upper Ob and Finland. This long but narrow corridor matches the distribution of the intermediate proto-languages of the Uralic family. It is argued that the ST came into being when Abashevo smiths moved from Balanbash on Lower Kama to Turbino on Mid-Kama and there created the ST metal axe-celt to replace the local stone-celt. The metal axe and Abashevo-like lance-heads and other weapons were then traded west and east, to hunter-fisher-cultures of Europe and Siberia (where weapons of tin-bronze were produced), establishing Proto-Uralic as the language of the areas of ST rule.
Assessment of the quality of the integrated product of the sea city in the context of the favorable image
Authors: Petrova Galina
Published: April 2022

В статье проведено исследование качества интегрированного продукта в контексте благоприятности имиджа морского города. Проанализированы научные методы оценки имиджа территории (города). В частности, обосновано применение авторского метода, опирающегося на теорию выбора объектов потребления (теорию принятия решения о покупке). Результаты экспертной оценки позволили выявить долю характеристик интегрированного продукта морского города в диапазоне высокого, среднего и низкого качества. Рассчитан показатель качества морского города (КАЧГОР) как комплекса микрообъектов потребления. Представлены результаты оценки качества интегрированного продукта Владивостока в разрезе объектов потребления и по группам потребностей (в баллах).
Trends of healthy nutrition in the tourism market of Vladivostok
Authors: Shemetova Yelena , Kolesnikova Elvira
Published: April 2022

В статье исследованы тенденции здорового питания на туристском рынке г. Владивостока. Ввиду сложившейся ситуации в мире современному туристу важно минимизировать всевозможные риски и оставаться здоровым. Сделать путешествие максимально безопасным поможет соблюдение личной гигиены, поддержание здоровья и правильное питание. Актуальность рассматриваемой проблемы кроется в росте заболеваемости населения, который стимулирует спрос на продукты питания для профилактики различных заболеваний. С каждым днем все больше посетителей предприятий общественного питания переходят на здоровый образ жизни, однако не многие пищевые производства и предприятия питания направляют свою деятельность на производство данного вида продукции. Цель исследования – на основе теоретических и практических материалов проанализировать рынок здорового питания г. Владивостока и сформировать модель взаимодействия потребителей и поставщиков ресурсов здорового питания. Методической основой исследования является анализ ресурсов здорового питания на туристском рынке г. Владивостока с использованием методов сравнительного анализа, систематизации и наблюдения. По результатам исследования были проработаны теоретические аспекты здорового питания, определены основные представители рынка здорового питания, включая предприятия общественного питания, розничные сети и сервисы доставки, а также определены потенциальные потребители здорового питания. Практическая значимость исследования заключается в анализе субъектов рынка здорового питания с учетом государственной политики и принципов здорового питания. Научная новизна исследования заключается в разработке схемы взаимодействия потребителей и всех поставщиков ресурсов здорового питания на региональном рынке.
Does multiculturalism transcend time and space?
Authors: Sanjiang Zhang
Published: April 2022

В Китае некоторые ученые считают, что мультикультурализм имеет ценность в «преодолении времени и пространства». В данной статье анализируются ограничения этой точки зрения с учетом трех аспектов групповых прав, подчеркнутых мультикультурализмом, признанием культурных различий и практических условий. Выдвигаются различные взгляды на универсальность мультикультурализма.