bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Public Emotions and Rumors Spread During the COVID-19 Epidemic in China: Web-Based Correlation Study
Authors: Dong Wei , Tao Jinhu , Xia Xiaolin , Ye Lin , Xu Hanli , Jiang Peiye , Liu Yangyang
Published: October 2020

Background

Various online rumors have led to inappropriate behaviors among the public in response to the COVID-19 epidemic in China. These rumors adversely affect people’s physical and mental health. Therefore, a better understanding of the relationship between public emotions and rumors during the epidemic may help generate useful strategies for guiding public emotions and dispelling rumors.

Objective

This study aimed to explore whether public emotions are related to the dissemination of online rumors in the context of COVID-19.

Methods

We used the web-crawling tool Scrapy to gather data published by People’s Daily on Sina Weibo, a popular social media platform in China, after January 8, 2020. Netizens’ comments under each Weibo post were collected. Nearly 1 million comments thus collected were divided into 5 categories: happiness, sadness, anger, fear, and neutral, based on the underlying emotional information identified and extracted from the comments by using a manual identification process. Data on rumors spread online were collected through Tencent’s Jiaozhen platform. Time-lagged cross-correlation analyses were performed to examine the relationship between public emotions and rumors.

Results

Our results indicated that the angrier the public felt, the more rumors there would likely be (r=0.48, P<.001). Similar results were observed for the relationship between fear and rumors (r=0.51, P<.001) and between sadness and rumors (r=0.47, P<.001). Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between happiness and rumors, with happiness lagging the emergence of rumors by 1 day (r=0.56, P<.001). In addition, our data showed a significant positive correlation between fear and fearful rumors (r=0.34, P=.02).

Conclusions

Our findings confirm that public emotions are related to the rumors spread online in the context of COVID-19 in China. Moreover, these findings provide several suggestions, such as the use of web-based monitoring methods, for relevant authorities and policy makers to guide public emotions and behavior during this public health emergency.
COVID-19–Related Internet Search Patterns Among People in the United States: Exploratory Analysis
Authors: Shen Tony S , Chen Aaron Z , Bovonratwet Patawut , Shen Carol L , Su Edwin P
Published: October 2020

Background

The internet is a well-known source of information that patients use to better inform their opinions and to guide their conversations with physicians during clinic visits. The novelty of the recent COVID-19 outbreak has led patients to turn more frequently to the internet to gather more information and to alleviate their concerns about the virus.

Objective

The aims of the study were to (1) determine the most commonly searched phrases related to COVID-19 in the United States and (2) identify the sources of information for these web searches.

Methods

Search terms related to COVID-19 were entered into Google. Questions and websites from Google web search were extracted to a database using customized software. Each question was categorized into one of 6 topics: clinical signs and symptoms, treatment, transmission, cleaning methods, activity modification, and policy. Additionally, the websites were categorized according to source: World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), non-CDC government, academic, news, and other media.

Results

In total, 200 questions and websites were extracted. The most common question topic was transmission (n=63, 31.5%), followed by clinical signs and symptoms (n=54, 27.0%) and activity modification (n=31, 15.5%). Notably, the clinical signs and symptoms category captured questions about myths associated with the disease, such as whether consuming alcohol stops the coronavirus. The most common websites provided were maintained by the CDC, the WHO, and academic medical organizations. Collectively, these three sources accounted for 84.0% (n=168) of the websites in our sample.

Conclusions

In the United States, the most commonly searched topics related to COVID-19 were transmission, clinical signs and symptoms, and activity modification. Reassuringly, a sizable majority of internet sources provided were from major health organizations or from academic medical institutions.
COVID-19 Symptom-Related Google Searches and Local COVID-19 Incidence in Spain: Correlational Study
Authors: Jimenez Alberto Jimenez , Estevez-Reboredo Rosa M , Santed Miguel A , Ramos Victoria
Published: October 2020

Background

COVID-19 is one of the biggest pandemics in human history, along with other disease pandemics, such as the H1N1 influenza A, bubonic plague, and smallpox pandemics. This study is a small contribution that tries to find contrasted formulas to alleviate global suffering and guarantee a more manageable future.

Objective

In this study, a statistical approach was proposed to study the correlation between the incidence of COVID-19 in Spain and search data provided by Google Trends.

Methods

We assessed the linear correlation between Google Trends search data and the data provided by the National Center of Epidemiology in Spain—which is dependent on the Instituto de Salud Carlos III—regarding the number of COVID-19 cases reported with a certain time lag. These data enabled the identification of anticipatory patterns.

Results

In response to the ongoing outbreak, our results demonstrate that by using our correlation test, the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic can be predicted in Spain up to 11 days in advance.

Conclusions

During the epidemic, Google Trends offers the possibility to preempt health care decisions in real time by tracking people's concerns through their search patterns. This can be of great help given the critical, if not dramatic need for complementary monitoring approaches that work on a population level and inform public health decisions in real time. This study of Google search patterns, which was motivated by the fears of individuals in the face of a pandemic, can be useful in anticipating the development of the pandemic.
Telemedicine-guided point-of-care ultrasound can be feasible and effective in a life-threatening situation: The case of a field hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Accorsi Tarso , De Amicis Lima Karine , Brigido Alexandra , Belfort Deborah , Habrum Fabio , Scarpanti Fernando , Magalhães Iuri , Filho José , Sampaio Leon , Lira Maria , Morbeck Renata , Pedrotti Carlos , Racy Fabio , Cordioli Eduardo
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Lightweight portable ultrasound is widely available, especially in inaccessible geographical areas. It demonstrates effectiveness and diagnosis improvement even in field conditions but no precise information about protocols, acquisition time, image interpretation, and the relevance in changing medical conduct exists. The COVID-19 pandemic implied many severe cases and the rapid construction of field hospitals with massive general practitioner (GP) recruitment.

OBJECTIVE

This prospective and descriptive study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of telemedicine guidance using a standardized multi-organ sonographic assessment protocol in untrained GPs during a COVID-19 emergency in a field hospital.

METHODS

Eleven COVID-19 in-patients presenting life-threatening complications, attended by local staff who spontaneously requested on-time teleconsultation, were enrolled. All untrained doctors successfully positioned the transducer and obtained key images guided by a remote doctor via telemedicine, with remote interpretation of the findings.

RESULTS

Only four (36%) general practitioners obtained the appropriate key heart image on the left parasternal long axis window, and three (27%) had an image interpreted remotely on-time. The evaluation time ranged from seven to 42 minutes, with a mean of 22.7 + 12.

CONCLUSIONS

Telemedicine is effective in guiding GPs to perform portable ultrasound in life-threatening situations, showing effectiveness in conducting decisions.
Mental distress and its associations with behavioral outcomes during the COVID-19: A national survey of Chinese adults (Preprint)
Authors: Ma Lu , Gao Liwang , Lau Joseph Tak-Fai , Atif Rahman , Johnson Blair T. , Yan Alice Fang , Shi Zumin , Ding Yixin , Nie Peng , Zheng Jinge , Wang Youfa , Wang Weidong , Xue Qian Li
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

This study primarily aimed to evaluate the associations between mental distress and COVID-19-related changes in behavioral outcomes, and potential modifiers (age, gender, and educational attainment) of such associations.

OBJECTIVE

The COVID -19 pandemic has led to elevated levels of mental distress attributed to prolonged lockdowns, business closures, and social isolation. Its impact on behavioral outcomes is however less known. This study is designed to primarily evaluate the associations between mental distress and COVID-19-related changes in drinking, smoking, physical activity and body weight, and potential modifiers of such associations including age, gender, and educational attainment.

METHODS

An online survey using anonymous network sampling was conducted in China during April-May, 2020 using a 74-item questionnaire distributed through social media. A national sample of 10,545 adults in 31 provinces provided data on socio-demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related mental distress, and changes in behavioral outcomes. Structural equation models were used for data analyses.

RESULTS

About 13% of adults reported experiencing at least one symptom of mental distress. After adjusting for age, education, gender, ethnicity, marital status, residence, and number of chronic conditions, greater mental distress was associated with increased smoking and alcohol consumption (among current smokers and drinkers) and with both increased and decreased physical activity. Underweight adults were more likely to lose body weight (≥1 kg) whereas overweight adults were more likely to gain weight by the same amount. The association between mental distress and change in physical activity was stronger in adults aged 40 and above and those with high education. Mental distress was significantly associated with an increase in smoking in males but not females.

CONCLUSIONS

Mental distress was associated with increased smoking in males but not females. These findings inform the design of tailored public health interventions aimed to mitigate long-term negative consequences of mental distress on outcomes.
Cultivating Safety in the Information Technology Era
Authors: Dewi Endah Kumala
Published: October 2020

In the information technology era, the banking industry must compete in an external environment characterized by high levels of uncertainty, complexity and change. Accidents in high-risk manufacturing organizations are generally related to safety studies. The researcher attempted to study "accidents" due to network vulnerabilities in IT-based organizations using the safety concept. This qualitative study is important because it provides analysis of IT support for organizational development. This study used multi-case study and grounded research approaches. The process of developing an information safety climate is considered an alternative solution other than technology. The study revealed that normal accident theory can be used to explain accidents in IT-based organizations. The process of developing an information security climate in banking organizations is categorized as the emergency type. The manifestation of information safety climate is attentiveness, accountability, ethical sensitivity, integrity and sustainability. Phases that need to be undergone in cultivating the safety climate are: adaptation, learning, awareness to risk, and resilience. Thus, it can be concluded that the climate of an IT-based organization is different from the climate of a non technology-based organization.
Konsistensi Internal dan Validasi Kriteria pada Alat Ukur Kesehatan Mental Mahasiswa Universitas Hasanuddin
Authors: Pongtambing Yulita Sirinti
Published: October 2020

Literasi kesehatan mental dapat menjadi tolok ukur kemampuan seseorang dalam memahami dan mengatasi masalah kesehatan mental pada dirinya sendiri dan lingkungan sosialnya. Namun, asesmen literasi kesehatan mental masih belum banyak dilakukan di Indonesia, khususnya di kalangan remaja akhir sebagai kelompok berisiko mengalami gangguan kesehatan mental. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji reliabilitas dan validitas dari instrumen literasi kesehatan mental (Mental Health Literacy Scale/MHLS) pada remaja akhir. Penelitian dengan desain potong lintang ini mengambil sampel berbasis proporsi mahasiswa tingkat pertama program sarjana reguler di semua fakultas yang ada di Universitas Hasanuddin (n=374). Responden direkrut melalui flyer dan pesan teks untuk mengikuti survei daring pada Juli 2019. Instrumen MHLS yang telah diterjemahkan ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia dan diadaptasi melalui wawancara kognitif terdiri dari 11 pertanyaan dengan skala 4, dan 14 pertanyaan dengan skala 5. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan MHLS memiliki reliabilitas yang baik (Alpha Cronbach=0,77) dan memiliki asosiasi yang positif dengan instrumen literasi kesehatan (Health Literacy Scale). Hasil analisis lanjutan menunjukkan rata-rata skor total responden setelah dikonversi ke skala 100 adalah 60,72 (SD=8,94). Secara umum, hasil adaptasi mengindikasikan bahwa MHLS adalah instrumen yang valid dan reliabel untuk mengukur tingkat literasi kesehatan mental pada mahasiswa tingkat pertama.
The Challenges and Dynamics of Flipped Learning Totally Online: The Case of Training Research Postgraduates to Be University Instructors
Authors: Ko Tiffany , Law Lisa Y. N. , Kwong Theresa , Wong Eva Y. W.
Published: October 2020

“Flipped classroom” is one of the popular blended learning approaches in Higher Education (HE) with significant use of technology. A “flipped” course typically engages students to do pre-class online learning at their own pace; the teachers then design active learning activities to reinforce students’ online learning in a physical classroom setting. Although literatures suggest that active learning after self-directed online learning can take place not only in traditional lectures hall but also online learning spaces, there is a lack of studies that investigate how the “relocation” of the face-to-face component online would affect students’ learning. As the COVID-19 pandemic has suspended face-to-face teaching on HE campuses worldwide, this article seizes the opportunity to examine the difficulties and possibilities of conducting flipped learning totally online. By evaluating the delivery of a flipped course for 46 research postgraduate students in Hong Kong during the pandemic-stricken period, the teaching team of the captioned course summarizes how the paradigm shift of flipped learning from partially online to totally online simultaneously distort and create new dynamics of in-class interaction and collaboration. Recommendations on how to better implement and research “flipped learning totally online” as a pedagogy across multiple disciplines will also be highlighted.
EMONET: A Cross Database Progressive Deep Network for Facial Expression Recognition
Authors:   CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Thiruthuvanathan Michael , Krishnan Balachandran ,   CHRIST (Deemed to be University)
Published: October 2020

Recognizing facial features to detect emotions has always been an interesting topic for research in the field of Computer vision and cognitive emotional analysis. In this research a model to detect and classify emotions is explored, using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN). This model intends to classify the primary emotions (Anger, Disgust, Fear, Happy, Sad, Surprise and Neutral) using progressive learning model for a Facial Expression Recognition (FER) System. The proposed model (EmoNet) is developed based on a linear growing-shrinking filter method that shows prominent extraction of robust features for learning and interprets emotional classification for an improved accuracy. EmoNet incorporates Progressive- Resizing (PR) of images to accommodate improved learning traits from emotional datasets by adding more image data for training and Validation which helped in improving the model’s accuracy by 5%. Cross validations were carried out on the model, this enabled the model to be ready for testing on new data. EmoNet results signifies improved performance with respect to accuracy, precision and recall due to the incorporation of progressive learning Framework, Tuning Hyper parameters of the network, Image Augmentation and moderating generalization and Bias on the images. These parameters are compared with the existing models of Emotional analysis with the various datasets that are prominently available for research. The Methods, Image Data and the Fine-tuned model combinedly contributed in achieving 83.6%, 78.4%, 98.1% and 99.5% on FER2013, IMFDB, CK+ and JAFFE respectively. EmoNet has worked on four different datasets and achieved an overall accuracy of 90%.
Measuring Scalable Business Process Model Complexity Based on Basic Control Structure
Authors:   Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Yaqin Muhammad , Sarno Riyanarto ,   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Rochimah Siti ,   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Published: October 2020

The business process model is a representation of business activities illustrated through diagram notations. This model is composed of repeated specific patterns called basic control structure. Each basic control structure has a level of complexity. The metrics for formulating existing complexity are very diverse, but can only define complexity partially and are less sensitive to small changes in the structure of the business process model. In this paper, we propose a formula of complexity metric that can indicate small changes in structure, type of branching logic, number of branches, loops, and depth. We call it the Yaqin complexity formula. To get the Yaqin complexity formula, we carried out several activities. These activities are identifying the metrics involved using the Goal-Question-Metric (GQM) method, then formulating the metric complexity, the next activity is testing the formula with several business process models and analyzing the test results, and then validating the Yaqin complexity formula using the Weyuker's properties framework. The Yaqin complexity formula, which involves seven parameters, is proven to be more comprehensive than other complexity formulas that involve less than seven parameters. The Yaqin complexity formula also proved to be more sensitive to other complexity formulas, where 7 out of 8 cases affected the Yaqin complexity metric. The validation results state that the Yaqin complexity formula meets 8 of 9 Weyuker's properties. Thus we have succeeded in formulating the Yaqin complexity, which is more comprehensive in involving parameters and more sensitive in detecting small changes in the structure of the business process model.
Data Clustering based on Modified Differential Evolution and Quasi-Opposition-based Learning
Authors:   University of Computer Studies, Cho Pyae , Nyunt Thi ,   University of Computer Studies
Published: October 2020

Differential Evolution (DE) has become an advanced, robust, and proficient alternative technique for clustering on account of their population-based stochastic and heuristic search manners. Balancing better the exploitation and exploration power of the DE algorithm is important because this ability influences the performance of the algorithm. Besides, keeping superior solutions for the initial population raises the probability of finding better solutions and the rate of convergence. In this paper, an enhanced DE algorithm is introduced for clustering to offer better cluster solutions with faster convergence. The proposed algorithm performs a modified mutation strategy to improve the DE’s search behavior and exploits Quasi-Opposition-based Learning (QBL) to choose fitter initial solutions. This mutation strategy that uses the best solution as a target solution and applies three differentials contributes to avoiding local optima trap and slow convergence. The QBL based initialization method also contributes to increasing the quality of the clustering results and convergence rate. The experimental analysis was conducted on seven real datasets from the UCI repository to evaluate the performance of the proposed clustering algorithm. The obtained results showed that the proposed algorithm achieves more compact clusters and stable solutions than the competing conventional DE variants. Moreover, the performance of the proposed algorithm was compared with the existing state of the art clustering techniques based on DE. The corresponding results also pointed out that the proposed algorithm is comparable to other DE based clustering approaches in terms of the value of the objective functions. Therefore, the proposed algorithm can be regarded as an efficient clustering tool.
Detection of Microaneurysms Using Grey Wolf Optimization for Early Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors:   RNS Institute of Technology, Pundikal Manohar , Holi Mallikarjun ,   University BDT College of Engineering
Published: October 2020

The diabetic retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness worldwide, so early detection of diabetic retinopathy is necessary to reduce eye-related diseases. The accurate identification of microaneurysms is crucial for the detection of diabetic retinopathy, because it appears as the first sign of the disease. In this study, a new model is proposed to detect microaneurysms from the retinal images for early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy. At first, the fundus images are collected from e-ophtha microaneurysms and DiaretDB1 datasets. Next, image pre-processing is accomplished using image normalization, low light image enhancement, gradient weighting and shade correction. The pre-processing methods significantly brighten the contrast of the fundus images for better visual quality and extract the hidden details of the dark conditions. In addition, Hessian based filter and Otsu threshold are used to extract the foreground objects like microaneurysms from the enhanced fundus images. At last, Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) is used to predict the correctness of segmented microaneurysms candidates. The experimental results have revealed that the proposed model enhanced the microaneurysms detection up to 0.06-0.30 f-score value compared to the other existing models local convergence index features and local features with k-nearest neighbor. In addition, the proposed model has achieved 85.72% and 86.16% of accuracy respectively on e-ophtha microaneurysms and DiaretDB1 datasets.
Dysarthric Speech Recognition using Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors:   King Faisal University, Albaqshi Hussain , Sagheer Alaa ,   Aswan University
Published: October 2020

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) transcribes the human voice into a text automatically. Recently, ASR systems has reached, almost, the human performance in specific scenarios. In contrast, dysarthric speech recognition (DSR) is still a challenging task due to many reasons including unintelligible speech, irregular phonemes articulation, along with scarcity and heterogeneous of data. Most of the existing DSR works are employed the ASR systems that trained on an unimpaired speech to recognize such impaired speech, which of course is impractical and inefficient. In this paper, we developed a deep architecture of the convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN) model and compared its performance with the vanilla convolutional neural network (CNN) model. We train both models using the samples of the Torgo dataset, which contains a mixed of impaired and unimpaired speech data. The experimental results show that the CRNN model attains 40.6% against 31.4% for the vanilla CNN. This indicates the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid structure of the CRNN to improve the recognition of dysarthric speech.
Open Spatiotemporal Data Warehouse for Agriculture Production Analytics
Authors:   Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta, Wisnubhadra Irya , Baharin Safiza ,   Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Herman Nanna ,   Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
Published: October 2020

Business Intelligence (BI) technology with Extract, Transform, and Loading process, Data Warehouse, and OLAP have demonstrated the ability of information and knowledge generation for supporting decision making. In the last decade, the advancement of the Web 2.0 technology is improving the accessibility of web of data across the cloud. Linked Open Data, Linked Open Statistical Data, and Open Government Data is increasing massively, creating a more significant computer-recognizable data available for sharing. In agricultural production analytics, data resources with high availability and accessibility is a primary requirement. However, today’s data accessibility for production analytics is limited in the 2 or 3-stars open data format and rarely has attributes for spatiotemporal analytics. The new data warehouse concept has a new approach to combine the openness of data resources with mobility or spatiotemporal data in nature. This new approach could help the decision-makers to use external data to make a crucial decision more intuitive and flexible. This paper proposed the development of a spatiotemporal data warehouse with an integration process using service-oriented architecture and open data sources. The data sources are originating from the Village and Rural Area Information System (SIDeKa) that capture the agricultural production transaction in a daily manner. This paper also describes the way to spatiotemporal analytics for agricultural production using a new spatiotemporal data warehouse approach. The experiment results, by executing six relevant spatiotemporal query samples on DW with fact table contains 324096 tuples with temporal integer/float for each tuple, 4495 tuples of field dimension with geographic data as polygons, 80 tuples of village dimension, dozens of tuples of the district, subdistrict, province dimensions. The DW time dimension contains 3653 tuples representing a date for ten years, proved that this new approach has a convenient, simple model, and expressive performance for supporting executive to make decisions on agriculture production analytics based on spatiotemporal data. This research also underlines the prospects for scaling and nurturing the spatiotemporal data warehouse initiative.
No reference Image Quality Measure for Hazy Images
Authors:   University of Baghdad, Hashim Ahmed , Daway Hazim ,   Mustansiriyah University, kareem Hana ,   Mustansiriyah University
Published: October 2020

Haze causes the degradation of image quality. Thus, the quality of the haze must be estimated. In this paper, we introduce a new method for measuring the quality of haze images using a no-reference scale depending on color saturation. We calculate the probability for a saturation component. This work also includes a subjective study for measuring image quality using human perception. The proposed method is compared with other methods as, entropy, Naturalness Image Quality Evaluator (NIQE), Haze Distribution Map based Haze Assessment (HDMHA), and no reference image quality assessment by using Transmission Component Estimation (TCE). This done by calculating the correlation coefficient between non-reference measures and subjective measure, the results show that the proposed method has a high correlation coefficient values for Pearson correlation coefficient (0.8923), Kendall (0.7170), and Spearman correlation coefficient (0.8960). The image database used in this work consists of 70 hazy images captured by using a special device, design to capture haze image. The experiment on haze database is consistent with the subjective experiment.
Blockchain-Based Data Sharing for Decentralized Tourism Destinations Recommendation System
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Arif Yunifa , Nurhayati Hani ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Kurniawan Fachrul ,   Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Nugroho Supeno ,   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, hariadi Mochamad ,   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Published: October 2020

One thing that tourists need to plan their tourism activities is a recommendation system. The tourism destinations recommendation system in this study has three primary nodes, namely user, server, and sensor. Each node requires the ability to share data to produce recommendations that the user expects through their mobile devices. In this paper, we propose the data-sharing system scheme uses a blockchain-based decentralized network that each node can be connected directly to each other, to support the exchange of data between them. The block architecture used in the blockchain network has three main parts, namely block information, hashes, and data. Each type of node has a different structure and direction of data communication. Where the user node sends destination assessment data to the server node, then the server node sends data from the machine learning process to the user node. The sensor sends dynamic data about popularity, traffic, and weather to the user node as consideration for finalizing the generating recommendations process. In the process of sending data, each node in the blockchain network goes through several functions, including hashing, block validation, chaining block, and broadcast. We conduct web-based experiments and analysis of the data-sharing system to illustrate the system works. The experimental results show that the system handles data circulation with an average time of mine is 84.5 ms in sending multi-criteria assessment data from the user and 119.1 ms in sending data of machine learning result from the server.
A Novel Approach on Motion Estimation for Micro-Expression Recognition Using Phase Only Correlation with All Block Search (POC-ABS)
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Rosiani Ulla , Choirina Priska ,   Politeknik Negeri Malang, Muna Niyalatul ,   Politeknik Negeri Jember, Mulyanto Eko ,   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Sumpeno Surya ,   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Purnomo Mauridhi ,   Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
Published: October 2020

Micro-expression is an expression when a person tries to held or hidden, but the leak of this emotion still occurs in one or two areas of the face or maybe a short expression that across in the whole-face. Not more than 500ms, micro-expressions can be difficult to recognize and detect where the leakage area is located. This study presents a new method to recognize and detect the subtle motion on the facial components area using Phase Only Correlation algorithm with All Block Search (POC-ABS) to estimate the motion of all block areas. This block matching method is proposed by comparing each block in the two frames to determine whether there is movement or not. If the two blocks are identical, then the motion vector value is not displayed, whereas if the blocks are non-identical, the motion vector value of the POC is displayed. The motion vector, which is as a motion feature, estimates whether or not there are movements in the same block. In order to further confirm the reliability of the proposed method, two different classifiers were used for the micro-expression recognition of the CASME II dataset. The highest performance results are for SVM at 94.3 percent and for KNN at 95.6 percent. Finally, this algorithm detects leaks of motion based on the ratio of the motion vectors. The left and right eyebrows are dominant when expressing disgust, sadness, and surprise. Meanwhile, the movements of the right eye and left eye were the most dominant when the happiness expression.
Anthropogenic materials used by birds to nest in an urban landscape of Costa Rica
Authors: Esquivel Carolina , De la O Jorge M. , Sánchez Vargas Steven , Paniagua Sofía , Esquivel Cambronero Anthony , Núñez Diego , Quesada Ávila Gabriela
Published: October 2020

Throughout the Anthropocene, urbanization has changed the environment for birds, modifying the types and abundance of available materials to build their nests. Discarded plastics and other anthropogenic materials are very abundant in urbanized and agricultural areas and are being used by birds to build nests, constituting a potential threat to them. Objective: To evaluate the materials used for several species of birds living in an urbanized environment. Methods: We evaluated the composition of 20 nests of several species of birds found in the campus of Universidad Nacional. Results: 52.6% of nests contained some sort of waste classified in 13 types of anthropogenic materials, where the most common were wool, strings and thread. The species with the highest percentage of nest weight comprised by anthropogenic material was Campylorhynchus rufinucha Conclusions: Our results demonstrates the widespread use of anthropogenic waste as nesting material.
Everything That Shines Sees: Flash Light, Photography and the Acheiropoietic.
Authors: Dominique Somers
Published: October 2020

This exposition takes a close look at the concepts of self-origination and mediation for a better understanding of the photographic image engendered by a flash of light and its natural radiation. Starting from my own artistic experiments with fulguric and cosmic rays, performed in cooperation with a lightning simulation lab in Oxfordshire (UK) and with the nuclear research centre CERN in Geneva (Switzerland), it puts forward a speculative approach that looks beyond static and traditional assumptions about what it entails to 'be photographic'. Through the exploration of the creative role fulfilled by a sudden burst of light across different time periods and different manifestations (fulgurites, imprints, photograms, sound), focus is laid on the part the acheiropoieton can play in this revitalized apprehension of the photograph as a technical image and of the agencies involved in its mediation. The research projects discussed thus aim to foreground the involvement of nonhuman contributors in the formation of contemporary images and their epistemology as a possible way to re-think perception in a time increasingly shaped by a reliance on (artificially induced) visibility.
A model and empirical examination of influencing factors of customer satisfaction and service performance through interactional quality
Authors: Danish Habib Muhammad , Attiq Saman
Published: October 2020

Marketing scholars have recognized that building and maintaining strong employee-customer relationships are contributors to the performance of organizations. Empirical evidences concerning employee-customer interaction with the help of integrated framework by using the data from supervisor, employee and customer is scarce. Insights from literature, application of service profit chain and unique set of triad (supervisor, employee and customer) as a unit of analysis, enables an examination of various relational paths among the antecedents and outcomes of interactional quality and fills in the aforementioned void. This study seeks to model and empirically test key cognitive (role overload, self-efficacy, and service climate) and emotional aspects (emotional regulation) on outcome variables (interactional quality, customer satisfaction, service performance). An integrated theoretical model rooted in the reflections of emotional cognition theory, cognitive energetical theory and cognitive emotional theory is developed. A survey questionnaire on the basis of well-established measurements from the previous research studies is adopted for data collection from insurance sector of Pakistan. Data is collected with the help of purposive sampling. A total of 270 sets of survey responses are used to empirically test the measurements and propositions through structural equation modelling using AMOS 23. The findings are in support of a significant model and proposed relational paths. In general, results revealed that role overload, self-efficacy, service climate and emotional regulations lead towards customer satisfaction and service performance through interactional quality. This research offers a number of academic and practical implications. The main implication of this research is the extension in conceptual research of marketing literature by providing empirical evidence regarding employee-customer relationship. Managers should recognize that frontline employees, whether they simply interact or actually render the service are the central actor in delivering better quality services that resulted in customer satisfaction. A number of academic as well as managerial implications are proposed and discussed.
Chants, raps and songs: how they enhance language memorisation
Authors:   Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal, Mira Fernandes Paula
Published: October 2020

This action research study aims to show how chants, raps and songs can enhance language memorisation in an English as a Foreign Language classroom and what contributes to it. During my second practicum period I collected data through questionnaires, worksheets, observation grids, a learning journal and students’ interviews. These tools helped me understand what is behind chants, raps and songs when teaching a foreign language. I learned that my students loved rhythm, rhymes, repetition, gestures, imitation, body language, intonation and that all of these combined were a booster to language memorisation. There was language appropriation and children were able to recall chants, raps and songs taught in the class through repetition, gestures and rhythm. These contributed to “maximise language pronunciation, intonation, ear training…” (Brewster, Ellis & Gerard, 2002, p.164). They have beats that contribute to language learning through the repetition of chunks, enhancing memory ability.
Evolução da cultura científica: do indivíduo à comunidade
Authors:   Associação Portuguesa de Educação em Ciência, Carmo José Manuel
Published: October 2020

A partir de uma leitura da evolução dos processos de divulgação da ciência e promoção da cultura científica desde as Feiras da Indústria do início da Revolução Industrial, este trabalho propõe que os dispositivos para a promoção pública da cultura científica são parte integrante do desenvolvimento do sistema científico-tecnológico e respondem às suas necessidades de desenvolvimento. Propõe-se ainda que a comunicação pública da Ciência e Tecnologia evoluiu de uma visão tecnicista e unidirecional, numa lógica de disseminação, para um modelo complexo de transferência de conhecimento entre instituições que compõem o tecido social de uma comunidade, num diálogo multidirecional, entendendo a cultura científica como um bem social que requer a reconceptualização das estruturas de divulgação da ciência como agências locais de mediação entre a ciência e as necessidades locais, sociais e produtivas.
Pengembangan Game Edukasi Pengenalan Iklim dan Cuaca untuk Siswa Kelas III Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Yulianto Muhammad , Putri Devi Afriyantari Puspa
Published: October 2020

Iklim dan cuaca adalah materi yang sudah diajarkan kepada siswa sekolah dasar dalam sistem pendidikan indonesia tepatnya pada kurikulum 2013. Mempelajari iklim dan cuaca, akan membuat anak lebih mengenal lingkungan sekitarnya, anak akan mengetahui penyebab terjadinya suatu fenomena dan kejadian alam di sekitar mereka. Namun karena kurangnya media pembelajaran, metode pembelajaran di SDN 02 Gonilan masih menggunakan metode konvensional, dimana guru menjelaskan materi kepada murid hanya menggunakan media buku. Tentunya metode konvensional memiliki beberapa kekurangan yaitu siswa mudah bosan karena proses pembelajaran bersifat monoton. Untuk itu diperlukan media yang menarik dan disukai siswa, agar dapat mendukung proses pembelajaran yang menyenangkan. Salah satu media interaktif yang menarik adalah menggunakan metode pembelajaran melalui game. Oleh sebab itu dibuatlah game edukasi yang dapat membatu siswa dalam mengenal iklim dan cuaca. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode waterfall. Game dibuat dengan menggunakan software Unity 2018 dan Adobe photoshop cs5. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pengujian blackbox dan kuesioner. Hasil yang didapat dari pengujian kuesioner adalah 90.8% yang menunjukan bahwa siswa dan wali kelas setuju game dapat menjadi media pembelajaran yang menyenangkan dan dapat membatu siswa dalam mengenal iklim dan cuaca.
Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Siswa Baru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Program Khusus Kartasura
Authors: Hanifah Fafah , Fatmawati Azizah
Published: October 2020

Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah Program Khusus (MI MPK) Kartasura merupakan salah satu madrasah ibtidaiyah yang berada di Kartasura, Sukoharjo. Setiap awal tahun ajaran baru, MI MPK Kartasura mengadakan seleksi penerimaan siswa baru. Dalam melaksanakan kegiatan tersebut, sistem yang digunakan masih manual atau sudah terkomputerisasi tetapi menggunakan Microsoft Office Ecxell. Hal ini menimbulkan masalah, yaitu kegiatan penerimaan siswa terlaksana kurang efisien dan  memungkinkan terjadinya pengulangan datayang sama. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan sistem penerimaan siswa baru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah Program Khusus Kartasura. Metode penelitian yang digunakan Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Adapun tahapannya meliputi tahap analisis kebutuhan, desain sistem, pemrograman, pengujian sistem, dan implementasi. Hasil dari pengembangan yakni sistem informasi penerimaan siswa baru pada MI MPK Kartasura yang dapat membantu para guru atau panitia pendaftaran dalam mengelola data siswa baru MI MPK Kartasura dengan waktu yang efisien. Berdasarkan hasil dari pengujian black-box, secara fungsional sistem dapat berjalan sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Kemudian pada pengujian usability, didapatkan rata-rata nilai 74 sehingga termasuk dalam klasifikasi acceptable atau dapat diterima dengan baik.
Perancangan Sistem Pengunci Rumah Otomatis berbasis Mikrokontroler ATMega238 yang Dilengkapi Kamera Serial VC0706
Authors: Kisworo Faisal Nanda
Published: October 2020

Seiring majunya teknologi di bidang Mikrokontroler pada penerapan sistem rancangan rumah pintar, muncul banyaknya inovasi yang di kembangkan untuk melakukan kegiatan sesuatu dirumah dengan cara otomatis. Salah satunya inovasi dari penulis yang membuat sistem rancangan pengunci rumah otomatis berbasis Bluetooth dan Sensor Sentuh yang dilengkapi dengan Kamera Serial, mudahnya sistem pengunci rumah konvensional seperti kunci tuas dan kunci silinder dapat dengan mudah dipelajari oleh orang awam dengan begitu banyak terjadi tindak kriminal seperti perampokan di dalam rumah. Adanya inovasi dari penulis yaitu membuat rancangan sistem pengunci rumah otomatis yang berbasis mikrokontroler dengan dilengkapi pengaman ganda yaitu berupa password dan Kamera Serial. Metode yang digunakan untuk rancangan sistem tersebut adalah metode Ekperimental yang diimplementasikan pada software dan hardware, karena menurut penulis metode ini sangat cocok untuk pengembangan sistem atau alat yang baru. Rancangan sistem ini baru mencapai hasil Prototype, dengan demikian rancangan sistem tersebut masih membutuhkan pengembangan lagi, terutama pada bagian casing. Rancangan sistem tersebut telah diuji dengan mencoba mengaktifkan dan menonaktifkan Solenoid lewat modul Sensor Sentuh dan modul Bluetooth HC-05 yang telah terkoneksi lewat transmisi bluethooth pada smartphone, lalu mengaktifkan Buzzer dan Kamera Serial jika adanya getaran yang deterima oleh Sensor Getar. Aplikasi yang terpasang pada smartphone telah dilengkapi dengan sistem login password yang berguna untuk menambahkan keamanan ganda pada sistem pengunci rumah otomatis.
Suunvuoro
Authors: Lappalainen Hanna
Published: October 2020

Puoli vuotta poikkeusoloja on jo tehnyt selväksi useita etätyön varjopuolia. Vaikka Zoom- ja Teams-kokoukset ovat avuksi yhteydenpidossa, ne eivät korvaa saman pöydän ääressä istumista. Kun fyysinen työyhteisö on kadonnut ympäriltä, huomaa satunnaisten kahvihuone- ja lounaspöytäkeskustelujen arvon omien tutkimusideoiden kehittelylle. Tutkimuksen tekoa hankaloittaa myös se, että työhuoneen kirjahyllyjen sisältöä ei noin vain siirretä kotiin. Sähköiset julkaisut ja aineistot nousevat arvoonsa, mutta on vaarallista, jos lähteiden saatavuus ohjaa tutkimuksen suuntaa. Huomattava määrä relevanttia kielitieteellistäkin tutkimusta on edelleen vain painetussa muodossa. On toivottavaa, että nykytilanne nopeuttaa ponnisteluja aiem­man kirjallisuuden saattamiseksi sähköiseen muotoon. Hyvä tahto vain ei yksin riitä; tarvitaan myös rahoitusta.

Onneksi koronakriisistä on seurannut jotain myönteistäkin. Hyviin puoliin kuuluu esimerkiksi mahdollisuus seurata tieteellisten seurojen kokouksia ja väitöstilaisuuksia etäyhteyksin. Harva pystyy matkustamaan toiselle paikkakunnalle pelkästään yhden tilaisuuden vuoksi, mutta nyt osallistumisen kynnys on matala, vaikka tilaisuus olisi fyysisesti satojen kilometrien päässä ja samana päivänä olisi muutakin ohjelmaa. Vaikka tämä mahdollisuus palveleekin kiinnostunutta kuulijaa, esiintyjille tuntemattomaksi jäävä etäyleisö voi aiheuttaa lisäpaineita.

Vasta pidempi aika näyttää, miten pandemia vaikuttaa tutkimus- ja julkaisutoimintaan. Kansainvälisellä kielitieteellisten lehtien päätoimittajien sähköpostilistalla on esitetty toistuvasti huolestuneita huomioita siitä, että arvioijien saanti on vaikeutunut. Poikkeusolot ovat ilmeisesti lisänneet siinä määrin työn kuormittavuutta, että tällaiseen talkootyöhön ei löydy nyt voimavaroja. Myös perhe-elämän ja uran yhteen­sovittaminen on monen kokemuksen mukaan vaikeutunut.

Virittäjässä on onneksi riittänyt tekijöitä. Tässä numerossa tarkastellaan direktiivejä kahdessa eri kontekstissa, piirustusmetodia kieli-ideologioiden tutkimuksessa sekä murrerajojen ja historiallisten rajalinjojen yhteyttä. Anu Rouhikosken tutkimuskohteena ovat nollapersoonaiset direktiivit Kelan vuorovaikutuksessa. Direktiivit ovat fokuksessa myös Elina Salomaan artikkelissa, jossa lienee ensi kertaa Virittäjän historiassa aineistona Twitter-keskusteluja. Heidi Niemelä puolestaan esittelee piirustusmetodia, jota hän on käyttänyt tutkiessaan alakoululaisten ja luokanopettajaopiskelijoiden käsityksiä suomen kielestä. Artikkeliosaston päättää Harri Mantilan ja Matti Leiviskän monitieteinen artikkeli, jossa tarkastellaan Keski- ja Pohjois­Pohjanmaan murrerajaa. Samalla he osallistuvat keskusteluun historiallisen Pähkinäsaaren rauhan rajan sijainnista.

Virittäjä valmistautuu jo 125-vuotisjuhlintaan. Juhlavuoden visuaalisen ilmeen suunnittelu ja teemanumeron toimitus ovat käynnissä ja juhlaverkkosivuston sisällöt kehiteltävänä. Juhlahumu näkyy myös Facebookissa ja Twitterissä (@Virittajalehti), joissa lukijat saavat oman äänensä kuuluviin erilaisissa kampanjoissa.

Hanna Lappalainen
Vanhoista vanhimpien elämänlaatu
Authors: Eloranta Sini , Mäkimattila Maria , Viitanen Matti , Viikari Laura , Salminen Marika
Published: October 2020

Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli arvioida 95-vuotiaiden koettua elämänlaatua sekä tyytyväisyyttä elämänlaadun fyysiseen, psyykkiseen, sosiaaliseen ja elinympäristöön liittyvään elämänlaadun ulottuvuuteen.

Tutkimuksessa kohdejoukkona olivat turkulaiset kotona tai laitoshoidossa asuneet vuonna 1920 syntyneet (n=58). Elämänlaatua arvioitiin WHOQOL-Bref-mittarilla.

Tulosten mukaan 52:stä (49 %) elämänlaatukyselyyn vastanneesta melkein kolme neljäsosaa (73 %) koki elämänlaatunsa hyväksi tai erittäin hyväksi ja oli melko tai erittäin tyytyväinen terveyteensä. Vastaajat kokivat elämänlaatunsa ulottuvuuksista parhaaksi elinympäristöön liittyvän ulottuvuuden (keskiarvopisteet 77,8) ja heikommaksi psyykkisen ulottuvuuden (60,9). Siitä huolimatta, että psyykkinen ulottuvuus koettiin heikoimmaksi elämänlaadun ulottuvuudeksi, yli puolet vastaajista koki nauttivansa elämästä ja kaksi kolmasosaa koki elämänsä vähintään kohtuullisen merkitykselliseksi. Tämän tutkimuksen tulokset vahvistavat tietoa siitä, että parhaiten pärjäävällä osalla hyvin iäkkäistä elämänlaatu säilyy pääsääntöisesti hyvänä korkeaan ikään saakka.