bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender Sphere of Concepts in the Postmodern Periodicals for Women and Men in Ukraine
Authors: Chornodon Myroslava , Lesiuk Olha , Bailema Tetiana , Lanchukovska Nadiya , Golubovska Iryna , Khapina Oksana
Published: August 2021

The use of gender in print media is poorly understood both at the level of the post-Soviet (postcolonial in nature) journalism studies and in the general context of social research. A similar situation is observed with regard to the study of the gender sphere of concepts, and at the postmodern stage of development of periodicals. Postmodern convergence of methodology and research objects of the humanities will make it necessary to study social and mass media phenomena from the point of view of linguistics, sociology and journalism. This makes it relevant to study media issues of gender through links with language (cognitive linguistics). The purpose of the work is to clarify the gender sphere of concepts in the study of Ukrainian periodicals for women and men. The article implements a combination of concrete-historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods. Descriptive and comparative methods, typology, modeling methods are used at different stages of work. The study used the method of content analysis to study the gender content of modern gender-labeled magazines. The article proves that the gender sphere of concepts is based on the basic gender macroconcepts “woman” and “man”. They are used in the periodicals under study in various proportions, depending on what roles are played by a woman or a man in society. It is from the balance, thoughtfulness, responsible selection of gender characteristics that are presented in gender-labeled periodicals that modern and future gender images are formed, the idea of ideal women and men, their needs, opportunities, responsibilities in the family, at work, and in general in all spheres of life.
A conceptual design and numerical analysis of the mixerless urea-SCR system
Authors: KAŹMIERSKI Bartosz , GÓRKA Krzysztof , KAPUSTA Łukasz Jan
Published: August 2021

In the present study, an innovative design of the urea-selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system without conventional mixing elements was developed. The aim was to obtain a high degree of urea decomposition, and uniform ammonia distribution at the inlet to the catalyst, while minimising the liquid film deposition and keeping the compact design. The concept of the design was based on creating high turbulences and elongating the flow paths of the droplets. The design was verified through a series of numerical simulations based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) approach and a discrete droplet model (DDM) spray representation. The analysis included various operating conditions as well as subcooled and superheated sprays. A uniform ammonia distribution was achieved regardless of the operating points and spray properties. Additionally, in the case of the flash-boiling injection, a further reduction of the wall film was observed.
Application of the F-statistic of the Fisher-Snedecor distribution to analyze the significance of the effect of changes in the compression ratio of a diesel engine on the value of the specific enthalpy of the exhaust gas flow
Authors: PUZDROWSKA Patrycja
Published: August 2021

The paper discusses the impact of changes in the compression ratio on the operating parameters of a diesel engine, e.g. on the temperature of exhaust gases. It presents the construction of the laboratory test stand, on which experimental measurements were realized. It is characterized how the actual changes of the compression ratio were introduced to the existing engine. The program of experimental investigations taking into account the available test stand and measurement possibilities was described. A statistical and qualitative analysis of the obtained measurement results was made. The use of F statistics of the Fisher-Snedecor distribution was proposed to assess the significance of the effect of compression ratio changes on the specific enthalpy of the exhaust gas stream. The specific enthalpy of exhaust gases was analysed for one cycle of diesel engine work, determined on the basis of the course of quickly varying temperature of exhaust gases. The results of these analyses are discussed and the utilitarian purpose of this type of evaluation in parametric diagnostics of piston engines is presented.
Ad memoriam. Academician Valery Grigorievich Savchenko
Authors: Pushkin S. Yu. , Nikolaeva A. S. , Aleksandrova I. Ya. , Maslikova U. V.
Published: August 2021

In memory of academician V.G. Savchenko, who made an invaluable contribution to the development of the program bone marrow transplants both in Russia and in the Samara region.
Medicina legal: perícias, conceitos e reflexões
Authors:   Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Sálvia Paulo Newton Danzi
Published: August 2021

Material teórico produzido a múltiplas mãos por docentes e colaboradora(e)s que auxiliaram na construção da Disciplina de Medicina Legal, vinculada ao Departamento de Saúde Coletiva da Faculdade de Ciência Médicas da Unicamp. Abordam-se tópicos relacionados à perícia médico legal na pessoa viva, amostras biológicas e no cadáver; deontologia médico legal, conceitos e reflexões sobre conflitos éticos, legislação, condutas com foco na valorização da autonomia e dignidade humanas; temas que surgiram por meio da discussão e construção coletiva ao lado do corpo discente. Mais que um instrumento de apoio, é um convite à pessoa curiosa a penetrar no complexo campo da Medicina Legal e Perícia Médica que se conectam com a Filosofia, Bioética, Direito, Medicina, Biologia, Física, Engenharia e outros conhecimentos. Junta(o)s, auxiliam na produção da verdade em relação às questões colocadas pela(o)s operadora(e)s de Direito nos processos judiciais e auxiliam a iluminar profissionais da saúde em relação às melhores condutas.
Management Of Residual Pituitary Adenoma Patient With Manifestation of Acromegaly and Hyperprolactinemia
Authors: Ummah Khoirotul , Adi Soebagijo
Published: August 2021

Pituitary adenoma is one of intracranial tumors that grows and develops in the pituitary gland which plays a role in regulating the hormonal balance in the body. Most pituitary adenomas are benign and do not spread to other organs. Pituitary adenoma can be classified based on radiological features, tumor size and the type of hormone produced.  There are several ways to establish of  diagnosis of pituitary adenoma, in addition to recognizing the symptoms and clinical signs are  hormonal function tests and imaging. The surgery is the first medical actions. The postoperative recovery rate reached 90% in relatively benign cases and tumor recurrence rate is 5-10% depending on the size of the tumor, the stage of the tumor during surgery, experience of neurosurgical. A woman, 46 years old referred to Soetomo Hospital from Soebandi Jember Hospital for treatment the recurrent adenoma pituitary with complains of headache, double-vision and changing shape of his face, his enlarged lips and nose. Patient was diagnosed based on head CT scan and already had surgery on January, 2015. The head MRI evaluated post surgery was still a residual mass from the previous tumor. 3 monts after surgery no complains any more. The complains reappear at the end of 2017. The head CT scan on January, 8, 2017, size tumor: 1.2 cm x 1.8 cm. The head MRI results on December, 20, 2017 size tumor : size 1.6cm x 2.1cm and abnormal hormonal result, high prolactine, low cortisol and high IGF1. In Soetomo Hospital was diagnosed as pituitary macroadenoma with acromegaly and hyperprolactinemia and received bromocriptine 3x5 mg evaluated for 2 weeks then lowered to 3x 2.5 mg after obtaining a decrease in prolactin levels and methyl prednisolone 3x1 / day until cortisol level was normal. Patients will also plan for surgery of EETH (Endoscopic Endonasal Transphenoidal).
Diagnostic and management problems of chylous effusion in a patient with newly-diagnosed tuberculosis
Authors: Febrianto Dicky , Hadi Usman
Published: August 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Although TB most commonly affects the lungs, any organ or tissue can be involved. Extra-pulmonary forms of TB are commonly unrecognized or late diagnosed. Chylous effusion, i.e. chylothorax and chylous ascites, which is characterized by the presence of chyle in the pleural and peritoneal cavities, is an uncommon manifestation of extra-pulmonary TB. A 22-year-old male, referred to Dr. Soetomo Hospital with complaints of dyspnea, fever, and abdominal distension. Chest X-ray showed pleural effusion. Analysis of fluid obtained from thoracentesis and paracentesis showed chylothorax and chylous ascites. M. tuberculosis had been found in sputum smear examination. ADA (adenosine deaminase) test was performed on ascites fluid and a positive result was obtained. Chylous effusion in this patient were concluded to be related to TB. Patient was then treated with anti-TB drugs and somatostatin. Chylothorax and chylous ascites improved after treatment with somatostatin for 1 week. Administration of anti-TB drugs was planned to be continued for 9 months. The most common causes of non-traumatic chylous effusion in developing countries are infection of TB and filariasis. Chylous effusion is caused by obstruction or disruption of the lymphatic system. ADA test is a new biomedical method that begins to expand its use in body fluids to diagnose extra-pulmonary TB. Fasting, together with total parenteral nutrition, can decrease the lymph flow and balance metabolic impairment. Somatostatin has been used in the treatment of chylous effusion as it diminishes peristalsis and intestinal absorption of fats as well as decreases portal pressure.
A Case Series : Hymenoplasty Based on The Type of The Tear or Cleft Preoperation Finding For Good Satisfaction Postoperative Result
Authors: Ramli Rianto , Budi Agus Santoso
Published: August 2021

Purpose: To describe our surgical hymenoplasty technique based on the type of the tear or cleft finding preoperative for satisfaction postoperative. Patient and methods: Hymenoplasty was performed on 4 patient on January 2017 until March 2017, we found three patients with U-type, 1 patient with V-type. And we performed hymenoplasty which is to create a new surface raw, on the right and left cleft to be stiched, we use a rapid absorbable suture material, with horizontal mattress technique. Results: No complications developed in the patients who had undergone hymenoplasty and all patients stated that the sexual intercourse they experienced was similar to the night of the initial experience. Discussion : Our new apporach for hymenoplasty is a technique that has good results, and this is a good approach in doing hymenoplasty.
Correlation of Hypernatremia to Success Rate of Skin Graft in Burn Patients Dr. Soetomo Hospital Burn Centre from 2014- 2018
Authors: Wulandari Ephora , Hariani Lynda , Budi Agus Santoso
Published: August 2021

Background : From collective data from 2014 – 2018 from Burn Centre in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, the rate of failed skin graft was 26%. This high number became a concerned because skin graft was the main procedure to close large burn wound. This event is affected by many problems, one of them is electrolyte imbalance. Hypernatremia was seen in major burn patients that causes the disruption of wound healing process of skin graft. Methods: A cross sectional study of patients with burns admitted to the Burn Centre of Dr. Soetomo Hospital between January 2014 and December 2018 were evaluated. Results : 143 subjects were involved in this study. 44 subjects are female (31%) and 99 subjects are male (69%). 66% of the burn injuries are caused by fire (93 subjects), 14% caused by electricity (20 subjects), 8% caused by scald (12 subjects), 6% caused by boiled oil (8 subjects), 4% caused by chemical agent (6 subjects) and 2% caused by blast injury (1 subject). 77% of all subjects (110 subjects) underwent split thickness skin graft less than 10% while 23% (33 subjects) underwent the procedure 10% or more than it. Hypernatremia is found in 16% of all subjects (23 subjects), 19% with hyponatremia (28 subjects) and majority of it, 65%, with normonatremia (92 subjects). From the study, it was found that the risk of failed skin graft was higher on hypernatremia subjects than normonatremia subjects, the relative risk was 6,06 to fail. This number was higher if the skin graft procedure took more than 10%. But, it was found the risk was higher on hyponatremia subjects than the rest of subjects, with the relative risk was 7,75 to fail. Conclusions: Hypernatremia caused high risk of failed skin graft on major burn patients
Surgical Technique for Complex Syndactyly in Apert Syndrome : A Serial Case
Authors: Mesang Williams , Budi Agus Santoso , Hutagalung Magda
Published: August 2021

Abstract: Complex syndactyly in Apert syndrome, especially complicated with synonychia and synostosis, is a surgical challenge. The incidence of Apert Syndrome is reported to be approximately 1 per 100.000 to 160.000 live births and its incidence in Indonesia is not yet known. It is practically symmetrical causing significant dysfunction and infection if not treated properly. The goals in the treatment are separation of independent digits without disturbing function and growth, creation of a lined commissure, provision of skin cover for the denuded nail edge and exposed bone, and to create aesthetically pleasing individual fingertips with proper nails, nail folds and adequate pulp fullness. Many variations of surgical release of the first web space and of the remaining syndactyly have been described. Various approaches to the bony deformity of the thumb have also been described. All previously described techniques advocate releasing a single side of a digit at any given surgery to maintain the vascularity of that digit. This is due to the unreliability of the vascular branching pattern to the digits. In this serial case, we reported 5 cases of Apert syndrome. We described the clinical findings, incision design, immediate and post-surgery follow ups. The results were uneventful, with satisfying function and aesthetic appearance.
Evaluation of Modified Millard’s Technique with Premaxilla Shortening in Bilateral Labioplasty at Malahayati Hospital Banda Aceh 2016- 2019
Authors: Taufik Muhammad , Jailani Muhammad
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Cleft Lip and Palate (CLP) is a congenital abnormality in the form of gaps in the lips, gums and palate. This disorder occurs due to a disruption in the first trimester of pregnancy that causes disruption of the process of fetal growth and development. Surgical techniques for reconstructive surgery vary greatly, but labioplasty using a modified millard technique with premaxillary shortening is a technique that we used in this study with the aim of premaxilla shortening to reduce the tension of the suture wound and will reduce the scar formed in Bilateral labioplasty after surgery. Method: This research is a cohort with a retrospective approach conducted on labioplasty patients at Malahayati Hospital in Banda Aceh, which was handled in the period of 2016 - 2019. The sample amounted to 23 respondents who will be analyzed using the frequency distribution table. Results: From the results of the study found male sex as much as 60.9%, the age of patients in the age group 2 years and over as much as 69.6%, 6-9 months evaluation time as much as 87.0%, the diagnosis of complete bilateral labioplasty as much as 65.2% and good outcome in bil ateral labioplasty using modified millard technique with premaxilla shortening as much as 73.9% Conclusion: From the overall it can be concluded that the majority of male sex is the most, the highest in the age group 2 years and above, the most evaluation time is 6-9 months, the most common diagnosis is complete bilateral labiolasty and the most results on bilateral labioplasty using modified millard techniques with premaxillary shortening is good outcome.
The Use of Aloe vera Gel on Scar Collagen
Authors: Nur Alam Amania , Jailani Muhammad , Hajar Siti
Published: August 2021

Aloe vera have active chemicals substances including saponins, tannins, flavonides, and polyphenols. Saponin takes a role as a disinfectant, so it is normally effective for healing any open wounds, while tannins have ability to be an antiseptic. This study aims to see how the effect of the Aloe vera gel on wound collagen, and too inspect which is the most effective concentration of the Aloe vera gel in the formation of wound collagen in wistar strains (Rattus novergicus) rats. This study uses a post-test only method with control group design. The subjects of this study were 28 male Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus). The subjects were divided into 4 groups consisting of 1 negative control group and 3 treated groups, the control group was not given any treatment, while the treated group was given the Aloe vera gel with each concentrations of 12.5%, 25%, and 50% respectively. The experiment was started by making a wound on the back of the rat which then be followed by applying the gel to the wound for 14 days. The results showed the group with the 50% Aloe vera gel treatment had the best collagen formation, followed by a concentration of 25%, 12.5%, and the control group. Therefore, the used of Aloe vera has given good change in scar collagen, and the best scar collagen can be viewed in the group with 50% concentrate of Aloe vera.
Kualitas post-thawing semen domba Merino dalam bahan pengencer berbasis susu skim-kuning telur yang ditambah isolat crude protein Tirosine Kinase
Authors: Widiantoro Krisna , Madyawati Sri Pantja , Sardjito Trilas , Hernawati Tatik , Triana Indah Norma , Warsito Sunaryo Hadi
Published: August 2021

This study was conducted to determine the effect of crude protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) isolates supplementation into skim milk-egg yolk based diluent to maintain the quality of Merino ram spermatozoa.  Four ejaculates of two Merino rams were divided into two groups for the control group (P0): Merino ram semen was diluted in skimmed milk-egg yolk based diluent, and the treatment group (P1): Merino ram semen was diluted in skim milk-egg yolk based diluent contained crude PTK 1,597 mg/ml diluent. All diluted semen was equilibrated for 2 hours at 5 °C and filled into 0.25 mL French straws. The filled straws were placed on steel racks (Cooltop, Minitube) held in liquid nitrogen vapour for 10 minutes at –140 °C, immersed immediately in liquid nitrogen at –196 °C, and stored for 48 hours for  later assessment. Post-thawed semen samples were evaluated for spermatozoa motility, viability, and morphological abnormality. The results showed that the spermatozoa motility of fresh semen of Merino ram was 82.5 ± 2.89, which was qualified for freezing. The post-thawing spermatozoa motility, viability, and morphological abnormalities of Merino ram in the P1 group were 34.11 ± 3.26%, 38.00 ± 3.00%, and 12.89 ± 4.54%, respectively. It were higher (p <0.05) than the control group of 24.44 ± 2.9%, 26.67 ± 3.32%, and 21.11 ± 3.02%. It was concluded that the addition of crude PTK isolates of 1.597 mg/ml skim milk-egg yolk diluent improved the quality of post-thawed spermatozoa of Merino ram.
Prolonged Slow Expiration (PSE) and Prone Position Intervention in Children : A Literature Review
Authors: Permaida Permaida , Fushen Fushen
Published: August 2021

Nursing interventions to reduce the impact of respiratory problems in children aged < 24 months in inpatient rooms are not only a science but also an art. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Prolonged Slow Expiration (PSE) and prone position in improving respiratory function in hospitalized children aged < 24 months with respiratory distress in inpatient rooms. This literature review examined thirteen peer-reviewed journals based on inclusion criteria. The results of the review showed that PSE and prone position can reduce the respiratory frequency, maintain the neuromechanical diaphragm, and increase tidal volume. PSE was more effective at lowering the bronchiolitis scale score, preventing the child from experiencing moderate to severe respiratory distress, and decreasing relative sputum production. The prone position is more effective in increasing SaO2 even when using mechanical ventilation (MV), can increase maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and tissue oxygenation index (TOI), provides sleeping comfort, improves cardiorespiratory function, reduces moderate to severe respiratory distress, and can perform intubation. It can be concluded that PSE is a safe and easy therapy to administer to mild respiratory distress patients but has not a significant effect on children < 24 months with moderate to severe respiratory distress in inpatient rooms.
Estimasi ketebalan lapisan sedimen permukaan menggunakan pengukuran mikrotremor di Pemalang, Jawa Tengah
Authors: Prabowo Urip Nurwijayanto , Sehah Sehah , Ferdiyan Akmal
Published: August 2021

Ketebalan lapisan sedimen permukaan merupakan salah satu parameter yang menggambarkan kondisi geologi pemukaan suatu daerah saat mengalami gempabumi. Ketebalan lapisan sedimen dapat diperkirakan menggunakan pengukuran mikrotremor yang dianalisis menggunakan metode Horizontal to vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengukuran mikrotremor sebanyak 5 titik di daerah Pemalang, Jawa Tengah yang secara geologi tersusun atas aluvium berumur kuarter. Hasil pengolahan data pengukuran mikrotremor menggunakan metode HVSR adalah frekuensi dominan daerah penelitian yang berkisar antara 1,56 – 11,56 Hz dan ketebalan lapisan sedimen permukaan berkisar antara 4,49 – 33,70 m. Ketebalan lapisan sedimen permukaan memiliki nilai yang semakin besar ke arah pantai (selatan). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa morfologi bedrock cenderung mengikuti pola dari ketebalan lapisan sedimen karena perbedaan elevasi permukaan yang relatif kecil pada titik pengukuran.
Pendugaan sebaran intrusi air laut melalui sungai di desa Ujungmanik kecamatan Kawunganten kabupaten Cilacap menggunakan metode geolistrik resistivitas konfigurasi Wenner
Authors: Sehah Muhammad , Syahfitri Mitha , Sunardi Sunardi
Published: August 2021

The estimation of the distribution of the sea water intrusion through the rivers in Ujungmanik Village, Kawunganten District, Cilacap Regency has been carried out using the Wenner configuration resistivity geoelectric. This research aims to estimate the distribution of sea water intrusion through rivers in Ujungmanik Village, Kawunganten District, Cilacap Regency based on geoelectric resistivity and conductivity data of groundwater. The geoelectric data acquisition was carried out on four lines. They were Wen1 Line, Wen2 Line, Wen3 Line, and Wen4 Line. Each line had a range of 200 meters. The results of geoelectric data processing showed that the subsurface rock structure consisted of sand, clay, sandy loam, and sandy clay. The Seawater intrusion shown by the sand layer occurred in all trajectories which had a range of resistivity value of 0.20 - 2.79 Ωm. Groundwater samples was carried out at fifteen points with the conductivity value varies between 1363 - 4145 µS / cm so that they can be classified that the water was fresh and brackish due to the sampling done in the rainy season. From this research it can be implied that the entire Ujungmanik  area is evenly intruded by the sea water at the coordinates 7º38ꞌ15.62ꞌꞌLS 108°57ꞌ20.89ꞌꞌBT to 7º39ꞌ22.86ꞌꞌLS 108º56ꞌ35.33ꞌꞌBT.
Eksplorasi sumber air tanah bawah perbukitan kapur (karst) menggunakan metode geolistrik resistivitas konfigurasi Schlumberger di desa Darmakradenan kecamatan Ajibarang kabupaten Banyumas
Authors: Sehah Muhammad , Ratsanjani Hastani
Published: August 2021

Penelitian menggunakan metode geolistrik resisitivitas telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui struktur batuan bawah permukaan serta  potensi air tanah di Desa Darmakradenan Kecamatan Ajibarang Kabupaten Banyumas. Konfigurasi yang digunakan pada metode ini adalah konfigurasi Schlumberger sebanyak lima lintasan dengan panjang masing-masing 200 m. Hasil pemodelan secara inversi telah menghasilkan log resistivitas yang terdiri atas enam lapisan batuan bawah permukaan. Lapisan-lapisan batuan tersebut diinterpretasi sebagai tanah penutup dengan nilai resistivitas sebesar 206.8 – 1204.92 Ωm, batukapur dengan nilai resistivitas sebesar 767.51 – 1563.65 Ωm, kerikil dan pasir dengan nilai resistivitas sebesar 270.84 Ωm, lempung dengan nilai resistivitas sebesar 319.39 – 473.97 Ωm, batupasir gampingan dengan nilai resistivitas sebesar 17.22 Ωm, dan napal dengan nilai resistivitas sebesar 814.17 – 982.94 Ωm. Potensi sumber air tanah diperkirakan hanya terdapat di titik S-L1 dan S-L2 yang merupakan lapisan batupasir gampingan dengan nilai resitivitas 17.22 – 47.02 Ωm pada kedalaman 11.80 – 70.00 m dan diinterpretasi sebagai akuifer dangkal
Rancang bangun sistem peringatan kemiringan menara dan overload jembatan gantung berbasis sensor kemiringan dan sensor massa
Authors: Saefurrahman Haris , Hartono Hartono , Abdullatif Farzand
Published: August 2021

Sistem peringatan kemiringan menara dan overload jembatan gantung berbasis sensor kemiringan dan sensor massa telah dibuat. Sistem peringatan memanfaatkan sensor Load Cell sebagai alat pengukur massa di atas jembatan gantung dan sensor kemiringan MPU6050 sebagai alat pengukur kemiringan menara jembatan gantung. Mikrokontrol arduino digunakan sebagai pusat kendali sistem elektronika, sekaligus sebagai pengatur fungsi logika peringatan untuk mengaktifkan LED, buzzer dan LCD. Hasil penelitian sistem diperoleh ADC dari sensor kemiringan MPU6050 dan tegangan keluaran dari sensor Load Cell guna mengetahui fungsi kalibrasi sensor. Hasil uji karakteristik statik sensor kemiringan dan sensor massa memiliki  rata-rata nilai akurasi sebesar 96,39% dan 99,55%, presisi sebesar 96,33% dan 99,55%, error sebesar 3,61%dan 0,45%  serta waktu respon sebesar 1 detik dan 2 detik.
Land-use/Land-cover Changes and Deforestation in Effan Forest Reserve, Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemi Adesoji Akinwumi , Owolabi Farouq Maku
Published: August 2021

Remote sensing/GIS techniques are a versatile tool for x-raying serial forest structural changes in retrospect. It would be impossible to evaluate past occurrences and changes in forest extents in past decades at Effan Forest Reserve without non-conventional means. Therefore, we adopted remote sensing technology using Landsat images to evaluate land-use change and degradation rates in the area with a view to ascertaining causal factors for possible minimization of forest degradation in Effan Forest Reserve. Land-use/land-cover changes were analyzed using USGS-Landsat TM and ETM images of 1987, 2002, 2014 and 2019. Field-data were collected using handheld GPS receiver and spatial statistical analyses were conducted using the ground control points (GCPs). For inventory data, a systematic sampling technique was adopted using ten 1.05 km-transects at 500 m intervals. A total of 50 sample plots of 50 × 50 m were used. All tree species with Dbh ≥10 cm were enumerated. Nineteen tree species in ten families were encountered with Vitellaria paradoxa as the most-frequently occurring species in the area. IUCN-listed endangered Pterocarpus erinaceus, hitherto abundant in the area, was rarely encountered during the survey, while Vitellaria paradoxa is gradually shrinking, going the relative abundance in the area. The result further showed that primary and secondary forests decreased considerably by 258.03 ha (46.72%) and 9.18 ha (3.63%), respectively, with a total forest loss of 50.3% in 32 years (8.4 hayr-1, 1.6% per annum). While forest plantation size doubled by 369.72 ha within the period. This is worrisome as the remaining fragmented forests appeared to be on the decline, except the riparian vegetation, due to inaccessibility to the riparian by loggers. It thus appeared that forest protection approaches were ineffective. Increased protection efforts could save this forest reserve, and the concerned authority should consider a focused-enrichment planting involving indigenous species for ecosystem-repair.
Gut Hormones as Potential Therapeutic Targets or Biomarkers of Response in Depression: The Case of Motilin
Authors: Rajkumar Ravi Philip
Published: August 2021

Recent research has identified the gut-brain axis as a key mechanistic pathway and potential therapeutic target in depression. In this paper, the potential role of gut hormones as potential treatments or predictors of response in depression is examined, with specific reference to the peptide hormone motilin. This possibility is explored through two methods: (a) a conceptual review of the possible links between motilin and depression, including evidence from animal and human research as well as clinical trials, and (b) an analysis of the relationship between a functional polymorphism (rs2281820) of the motilin (MLN) gene and cross-national variations in the prevalence of depression. It was observed that (a) there are several plausible mechanisms, including interactions with diet, monoamine, and neuroendocrine pathways, to suggest that motilin may be relevant to the pathophysiology and treatment of depression, and (b) there was a significant correlation between rs2281820 allele frequencies and the prevalence of depression after correcting for multiple confounding factors. These results suggest that further evaluation of the utility of motilin and related gut peptides as markers of antidepressant response is required, and that these molecular pathways represent potential future mechanisms for antidepressant drug development.
The Carbon Source Controls the Secretion and Yield of Polysaccharide-Hydrolyzing Enzymes of Basidiomycetes
Authors: Metreveli Eka , Khardziani Tamar , Elisashvili Vladimir
Published: August 2021

In the present study, the polysaccharide-hydrolyzing secretomes of Irpex lacteus BCC104, Pycnoporus coccineus BCC310, and Schizophyllum commune BCC632 were analyzed in submerged fermentation conditions to elucidate the effect of chemically and structurally different carbon sources on the expression of cellulases and xylanase. Among polymeric substrates, crystalline cellulose appeared to be the best carbon source providing the highest endoglucanase, total cellulase, and xylanase activities. Mandarin pomace as a growth substrate for S. commune allowed to achieve comparatively high volumetric activities of all target enzymes while wheat straw induced a significant secretion of cellulase and xylanase activities of I. lacteus and P. coccineus. A synergistic effect on the secretion of cellulases and xylanases by the tested fungi was observed when crystalline cellulose was combined with mandarin pomace. In I. lacteus the cellulase and xylanase production is inducible in the presence of cellulose-rich substrates but is suppressed in the presence of an excess of easily metabolizable carbon source. These enzymes are expressed in a coordinated manner under all conditions studied. It was shown that the substitution of glucose in the inoculum medium with Avicel provides accelerated enzyme production by I. lacteus and higher cellulase and xylanase activities of the fungus. These results add new knowledge to the physiology of basidiomycetes to improve cellulase production.
Modifications for Optimization the Compaction Quality Control in Core Slate Random Filling Embankments for Linear Infrastructures
Authors: Teijón-López-Zuazo Evelio , Vega-Zamanillo Ángel , Calzada-Pérez Miguel Ángel , Juli-Gándara Luis
Published: August 2021

The construction of random fillings from the excavation of medium hardness rocks, with high particle sizes, presents limitations in compaction control. This research applies new control techniques with revised test procedures in the construction of the random fillings core, which constitutes the main part of the embankment, with the bigger volume and provides the geotechnical stability to the infrastructure. The maximum layer thickness researched was 800mm. As there are many types of rocks, this research is applied to metamorphic slates. Quality control has been carried out by applying new research associated with the revision of wheel impression test, topographic settlements and plate bearing test (PBT). A statistical analysis of the core of 16 slate random fillings has been carried out, with a total of 2250 in situ determination of density and moisture content, 75 wheel impression tests, 75 topographic settlement control and 75 PBT. The strong associations found between different tests have allowed to simplify the quality control.
‘I'll play the game, but I cannot stay’ : The role of third space professionals in encouraging the retention, success and sense of belonging of undergraduate students
Authors: Hughes Julie , Cureton Debra , Jones Jenni
Published: August 2021

In 2019, a diverse, post-92, Midlands university implemented a new, hybrid third space role called the ‘academic coach’ (AC) to support its mission towards to support its mission to make its educational provision fully accessible to all its students, to retain them and to ensure their success to support its mission to make its educational provision fully accessible to all its students, to retain them and to ensure their success of all its students. Since a sense of belonging to their institution is such a powerful influence on students’ sense of wellbeing, their development of an academic identity and their resilience in the higher education context, with consequent positive impact upon their retention and success, this role is devoted to the pastoral care and personal tutoring of levels three and four students. This case study considers the journey of the AC in defining and shaping this new role and offers the ACs’ perceptions of their influence on the experience of students at levels three and four by enhancing collaborative and learning relationships within the wider university.
Employability themes for economic recovery
Authors: Kofler Helen
Published: August 2021

As part of the University of Greenwich SHIFT 2021 conference on teaching and learning, I led a discussion workshop called ‘Employability themes for economic recovery’ in which delegates considered economic recovery after the COVID-19 pandemic, the inevitable changes in working practices and, consequently, the changes’ influence upon student employability skills development. In this article, I reflect both on the current context of significant workplace change across the globe and how we as educators should respond if we are to skill students for this new working world.
Cameras on or off? There's more than meets the eye with engaging students in online learning.
Authors: Whyley-Smith Rebecca
Published: August 2021

The shift to online learning has caused feelings of isolation and there has been a noticeable lack of engagement by students in this context, owing to uncertainties about the expectations of online etiquette. Research has shown that video cameras are a step in the right direction where building rapport is concerned, but they are not the only tool at our disposal for creating an online community.
The challenges of teaching and learning during a pandemic become an opportunity: reflections on a student and academic partnership.
Authors: Getti Giulia Tullia Marianna , Harris Sarah , Alexandru Ioana-Cristina , Boulas Raphaelle , Huckstepp Rebekah , Gandhi Vishwa Hiteshbhai , Pires Piedade Ana , Brempong Louise , Tresserras Segura Clara , Ugwuanyi Adanonso
Published: August 2021

The current pandemic has forced us to implement major changes in the way we communicate, interact and work, all of which have had a massive impact upon all aspects of our lives. Academics and students alike have had to adapt very quickly to the new situation and the challenges encountered, although viewed from different perspectives, are largely similar. Changes are often unsettling and taxing, especially when they are not the result of a personal choice, but they can also offer great opportunities, the most significant of which is for lecturers and learners to develop best practice together, in partnership (Kurczek and Johnson, 2014). This article reflects upon how sharing our experience of a students-and-staff partnership at the University of Greenwich 2021 SHIFT conference has affected our experience of teaching and learning during a pandemic.
Editorial Team SHIFT 2021 Special Edition
Authors: Keyms Gillian
Published: August 2021

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Editors' Introduction for SHIFT 2021 Special Edition
Authors: De Vita Riccardo De Vita , Struetzel Tania
Published: August 2021

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A Study on the Electrical Characteristics of Fractured Gas Hydrate Reservoirs Based on Digital Rock Technology
Authors: Yang Hu , Xue Xiaojun , Chen Xianghui , Xie Junyu , Zheng Qinglong
Published: August 2021

The electrical characteristics of fractured gas hydrate reservoirs were investigated through the diffusion-limited aggregation model, digital rock technology, and the finite element method. The results show that the fracture and gas hydrate have a significant effect on the electrical characteristics of rock partially saturated with gas hydrate, where the matrix pore and fracture mixed gas hydrate form a dual-porosity system. Due to the fracture and gas hydrate effect, the electrical characteristics of fractured gas hydrate reservoirs cannot be described well by traditional Archie equations. The resistivity index vs. water saturation curve of fractured gas hydrate reservoirs shows a nonlinear relationship for different gas hydrate pore habits (pore-filling, cementing, and grain-coating types), and this curve consists of two parts with different gas hydrate saturation exponents for pore-filling and cementing gas hydrate and presents a curve without a fixed water saturation exponent for grain-coating gas hydrate. Fractured gas hydrate reservoirs with different fracture apertures, different gas hydrate pore habits, and saturation features will lead to macroscopic electrical anisotropy. The results of theoretical analysis and numerical simulation show that the electrical anisotropy coefficient of fractured gas hydrate reservoirs is a function of gas hydrate saturation. The function curve consists of three segments with the turning point for pore-filling and cementing gas hydrate, and this curve can be divided into two parts through the turning point. The findings of this study can help for a better understanding of the electrical characteristics of fractured gas hydrate reservoirs, which have great significance for the exploration and development of gas hydrate resources.
El sobreendeudamiento como problema legal y social. Propuesta de reforma del Código de Protección y Defensa del Consumidor
Authors: Ramos Fernando
Published: August 2021

Este trabajo aborda el sobre endeudamiento como fenómeno de suma importancia cuyos efectos en la vida de las personas afectadas y a nivel social son sumamente negativos, por lo que el asunto merece ser regulado por el Estado. Se busca conceptualizar el sobre endeudamiento, como aquella situación que sitúa al consumidor en una situación económica desfavorable debido a la cantidad de sus deudas y a su falta de liquidez, hasta el punto de comprometer el sustento propio y el de su familia. El sobreendeudamiento tiene consecuencias sociales negativas, causa daños al deudor y también a la sociedad. Ante la ausencia de protección específica para el consumidor sobre endeudado, se plantea una sugerencia de modificación al Código de Protección al consumidor teniendo en cuenta la experiencia de otros países.
Características sociodemográficas y familiares de adolescentes que consumen alcohol del área de atención diferenciada del adolescente del Hospital Cayetano Heredia en Lima, 2019
Authors:   , Nuñez Zegarra Jessica Vanessa
Published: August 2021

En el año 2020, la Organización de la Salud Mundial (OMS), publicó la definición de alcohol, mencionando que es una sustancia que altera la percepción, actividad mental, y causa dependencia. Es por eso que la OMS decide separar los niveles de riesgo en consumo cotidiano de alcohol, en Unidades de Bebida Estándar; considerando consumo nocivo de alcohol cuando las personas con frecuencia media o alta, logran consecuencias en el aspecto físico, anímico o social. (1) La OMS publicó en 2018, estadística señalando el nivel mundial de trastornos alcohólicos, encabezado por el sexo masculino, siendo 237 millones de hombres los involucrados y 46 millones de mujeres. Un ejemplo es el de Europa, siendo hombres el 14,8% y damas 3,5%, o también la región de las Américas con 11,5% y 5,1% respectivamente. A estos resultados le sumamos que las regiones de las Américas, Europa y el Pacífico Occidental, la mayor parte de la población consume alcohol. (2) En Latinoamérica, el Ministerio de Salud de Chile (MINSAL), publicó en 2020, que La Encuesta Nacional de Salubridad (2016-2017) informó que una de cada 10 personas cuenta con consumo de riesgo de alcohol, y sobre la ingesta según la edad, los jóvenes y adolescentes entre 15 y 24 años consumen más alcohol que el resto de la población. Los adultos que cuentan con un trastorno por consumo de alcohol ascienden a 260.206 personas, siendo mayor la prevalencia en varones.(3)
Mesoporous silica from Parangtritis beach sand templated by CTAB as a support of Mo Metal as a catalyst for hydrocracking of waste palm cooking oil into biofuel
Authors: Alisha Gesha Desy , Trisunaryanti Wega , Syoufian Akhmad
Published: August 2021

In this study, natural source Parangtritis beach sand was extracted into mesoporous silica (MS). Synthesis of mesoporous silica (MS) was carried out at sodium silicate: CTAB ratio of 1:0.5 (w/w). Monometallic catalyst was used to improve the performance of the catalyst. The monometallic used was Mo metal, which was synthesized using the wet impregnation method. Catalysts were characterized using FTIR, XRD, Surface Area Analyzer (SAA), SEM-EDX, and TEM. MS has pore diameters and surface area of 2.62 nm and 897.3 m2/g. Mo/MS has pore diameters, surface area, and Mo metal concentration of 2.46 nm, 593 m2/g, and 4.75 %. Catalytic activity and selectivity were evaluated in hydrocracking of waste palm cooking oil at 500, 550, and 600 oC, and catalyst: waste palm cooking oil ratio of 1:100, 1:200, and 1:300. The best catalyst will be tested for reusability 3 times through the hydrocracking process. Mo/MS produces better liquid products and hydrocarbon compounds than MS. The results of the conversion of liquid products analyzed using GCMS. The yield of liquid products obtained in the hydrocracking of waste palm cooking oil using Mo/MS with the optimum temperature and the weight ratio of catalyst: feed at 550oC and 1: 300 was 66.99 wt.% with consists of hydrocarbon compound as 62.79 wt.%. The yield of liquid products obtained in the hydrocracking waste palm cooking oil using the used Mo/MS catalyst in the last run was 80.26 wt.% with consist of hydrocarbon compound as 74.13 wt.%.
The Deceleration of Radio/Light Transmission; A Collision Mechanism Dependent Radio Signal Emission, Transmission, and Reception
Authors: Zhang Jing
Published: August 2021

The fast and slow fading of radio signal transmissions or laser beam itself and its spare light confirm the presence of two kinds of collisions --- electron-photon and photon-photon collision. Photon transmissions of radio signals are either in consecutive dense photon groups in slow fading process or widespread group pattern in fast fading form. The photon transmission shapes are irregular and dynamical changes. The radio frequency shift and the wavelength reduction by the calculation demonstrate decelerations of radio/light transmission speeds due to the gradual reduced distance between two consecutive photon groups along the transmission pathway. Photons from radio signals are able to affect electron movements in radio signal receiving process and electrons able to kick photons into space during radio signal emission. The pattern of free electron movement under the influence of local electromagnetic force in antenna is consistent with the randomly dynamic changes of radio signal in space. The fast fading is due to the collision of consecutive photon groups of signals in slow fading with free photons in space. The shape changes of radio signal peaks suggest photons able to remain in transmission photon groups after photon-photon collision, leading to deceleration transmissions in slow fading. The mathematical equation for the relationship between light/radio transmission speeds before and after photons collisions is established. The equation is confirmed by the calculations of well-known difference of light transmission speeds in different media. The gravities from Earth and Sun play little role during light/radio transmission.
The Effects of Aerobic Training and Omega-3 Intake on Aβ42, Neprilysin, and γ- Secretase in the Hippocampus of Male Rats Alzheimer's model
Authors: yaghoubi ali
Published: August 2021

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by excessive deposition of the amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) in the central nervous system and reducing its level is the goal of many medications. Thus this study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic training and omega-3 intake on Aβ42, Neprilysin, and γ-secretase in the hippocampus of male rats Alzheimer's model. 50 male wistar rats (12weeks-old and weight 222.31±11.91 g), divided into 5 groups including, control Alzheimer's (AC), Alzheimer's with the omega-3 intake (AO), Alzheimer training (AT), Alzheimer's with omega-3 intake, and Alzheimer training (AOT) and Healthy Control (HC). Alzheimer's disease induced by injection of homocysteine (60mM) into the rat brain ventricle. Training with a speed of 20 m/min (60 minutes and 5 days/week on the treadmill) was applied. The supplement group was received an Omega-3 supplement 800mg/kg of body weight, daily for eight weeks. Level of Aβ42, γ-secretase, and Neprilysin protein measured using ELISA method. In data analysis, a one-way ANOVA and Tukey test as a post hoc were used (P<0.05). The obtained results showed that the level of Aβ42 in the hippocampus of AC was significantly higher than the HC group (P=0.001). Also, the level of the Aβ42 in the hippocampus of AC was significantly higher than AO, AT, and AOT groups (P values 0.001, 0.007, and 0.003 respectively). Also the γ-Secretase level in the hippocampus of AC was significantly higher than the HC group (P=0.001). Also, the γ-secretase levels in the hippocampus of the AC group were significantly higher than AO, AT, and AOT groups (P values, 0.002, 0.001, and 0.001 respectively). There was no significant difference between Neprilysin levels of the hippocampus of research groups (P = 0.534). It appears that exercise training and omega-3 consumption, can prevent amyloidogenic pathways by reducing the level of γ-secretase, and lead to reducing the level of Aβ hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease subjects. In total, aerobic exercise training and omega-3 intake can be studied as complementary therapy in Alzheimer's patients.