bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Revisiting a Hypothesis: Tracing Early Buddhist Heritage in Central-Eastern Europe
Authors: Puskas Khetani Katalin
Published: October 2021

The following paper is a revisitation of a hypothesized cultural connection between the Szekler gates, predominantly from Transylvania (in the Carpathian Basin), and the Sacred gate tradition found across Asia. The structure of this paper is built upon three different approaches: firstly, the recent publications and historical records on this topic; secondly the ethnographical similarities in function and symbolism between the Szekler gates and the gateways found across Asia; and thirdly the observable similarities and analogies between the ornaments and symbols used on Szekler gates and other Asian gateway structures are examined. This article aims to investigate if the observable analogies and similarities are just the result of a strange coincidence, or if there is indeed a cultural connection between the Szekler gate and the similar constructions across Asia as hypothesized by several 19th and early 20th-century researchers of the topic.
Perceived stress and depressive symptoms in undergraduate students: The effect of emotional eating
Authors: Amestoy Maya , Fiocco Alexandra
Published: October 2021

With a rise in the prevalence of depression among undergraduate students, it is important to identify potential antecedents and modifiable factors in illness development. One of the most well studied etiological predictors of depression among youth and among young adults is the experience of real or perceived stress. However, research further suggests that the impact of stress on health outcomes may largely depend on the coping strategies employed. Emotional eating is an emotion-focused coping strategy that may be used to minimize negative affect stemming from perceived stress. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the moderating role of emotional eating in the relationship between perceived stress and depressive symptoms among undergraduate students. A total of 100 undergraduate students (mean age = 20.2 years, 83% female) completed questionnaires that tapped into perceived stress, emotional eating behaviour, and depressive symptoms. Moderation analyses revealed a significant moderation effect (b = .016, t(91) = 2.728, p = .008). Simple slopes showed that the magnitude of the association between perceived stress and depressive symptoms increased from low (b = .092) to moderate (b = .147) to high (b = .201) emotional eating tendencies. Findings suggest that perceived stress and emotional eating may have a synergist association with depressive symptoms among undergraduate students.
The Relationship Between Leisure Activities and Well-being During Social Isolation
Authors: Osman Sartu , Gaucher Danielle
Published: October 2021

Leisure activities are effective ways to cope with stressful life events; however, more research is needed to understand its effects in social isolation. In the current study, we explored whether university students’ participation in leisure activities (such as baking, running, and yoga) has helped protect against some of the negative effects of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, this correlational study aimed to discover (a) the relationship between leisure activity participation and psychological well-being and resilience during periods of social isolation; (b) the type of leisure activity (i.e., physical or nonphysical) that has the most positive effect on overall well-being; and (c) precisely why particular leisure activities were positively associated with well-being and resilience (e.g., do they increase social affiliation, self-efficacy, personal control, flow, and sense of meaning?). To answer these questions, 200 university students completed an online survey asking them about the frequency and type of their participation in leisure activities. Participant’s coronavirus anxiety, sense of well-being, and resiliency were the outcome variables. Results indicated a significant, positive association between leisure activity participation and overall well-being, demonstrated by a decrease in anxiety and an increase in well-being. Contrary to the literature, engagement in more non-physical leisure activities was associated with greater resiliency compared to physical activities. The mechanisms for the positive association were not clear. In sum, this study supports participation in leisure activities as a possible way to cope with social isolation and the negative effects of the current pandemic.
The Effects of Sex Hormones on Food Intake, Body Weight, and Fat Composition: A Cross-Species Analysis
Authors: Ali Sahara , Massa Megan
Published: October 2021

Reproductive hormones affect the physiology of eating, body weight, and fat composition differently among the sexes and across multiple species. While the reproductive influences on feeding are known, these studies have been previously limited to just one species in both studies and literature reviews. In addition, discrepancies have also been found across different species. For instance, female mice tend to experience no changes in food consumption whether estradiol is present or not, while female rats experience a decrease in food consumption with the presence of estradiol. The lack of cross-species comparison in these findings leads to a limited understanding of the overall effects of feeding and body composition. Not only are studies limited to one species, but studies are also limited to one sex. Not comparing results to the opposite sex prevents the consideration and realization of the discrepancies in the effects of hormones among the sexes. For example, men with higher levels of testosterone were correlated with healthy Body Mass Index (BMI) levels while women with higher levels of testosterone tend to weigh more than women with normal levels of testosterone. This literature review focuses on inter-species and sex differences of the effects of reproductive hormones on feeding, body weight, and fat composition.
Impact of NPIs for COVID-19 on Other Infectious Diseases and Mental Illnesses in South Korea
Authors: Noh Hyun Seo , Kim Mi Sung
Published: October 2021

Due to COVID-19, high-intensity nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are implemented and these regulations may trigger changes in the incidence of other infectious diseases. The goal is to determine the impact of NPIs on other infectious diseases and mental illnesses in South Korea. Data were collected from an open-source dataset concerning NPIs covering the period of January 2018 to July 2020. The data comprised average daily mask production volume and number of companies newly authorized to offer disinfection and sterilization services, and numbers of patients with sentinel surveillance infectious disease and mental illness. This study compared changes in NPIs and incidence of infectious diseases and mental illnesses before and after the COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea. 

In 2020, the average daily mask production volume and the number of companies newly authorized to offer disinfection and sterilization services markedly increased following the virus outbreak (380% and > 94.8–99.5%, respectively). Meanwhile, the incidence of respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases declined, including those of influenza (49–55%), acute respiratory infection (78–79%), hand-foot-and-mouth disease (84–94%), enterovirus (94–97%), and intestinal infectious disease (36–40%). The weekly incidence of sexually transmitted diseases in 2020 remained constant regardless of the COVID-19 outbreak. Meanwhile, the number of outpatients increased by 7–16% for depressive episodes, 5–12% for other anxiety disorders, and 10–28% for sleep disorders. NPIs significantly reduced the incidence of respiratory and intestinal infectious diseases and negatively affected mental health. Therefore, while NPIs should be continued to prevent the spread of infections, systematic policies must be enacted to support mental health.
The Effect of Ligands on Noble Metal Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Systems to the Brain
Authors: Shroff Shailee , Curtis Chad
Published: October 2021

metal nanoparticles have been used to address these diseases in the brain, however very few of these formulations have made it through clinical trials. This review will be discussing the role of noble metal nanoparticles as drug delivery systems specifically to the brain. A common problem many researchers and clinical physicians are facing problems because they are unable to access the brain without highly invasive surgery. Nanoparticles allow access to the brain without invasive surgery. Noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs) are of particular interest because of their inherent characteristics which are amplified or reduced by ligands. The various ligands available change the method of transportation for a NMNPs traveling through the blood barrier. We will examine various ligands and their benefits and potential drawbacks. Furthermore, the optimal usage for each ligand and associated nanoparticle will also be examined.

This review will go into detail about pure noble metal nanoparticle, glucose, PEG, CTAB, Transferrin, Anti-Microbial Peptide, and Chitosan as coatings. All of these are commonly used among researchers. The absorptivity into various cell types in the brain along with future implications will be examined.
Mathematical Modeling of the Origami Navel Shell
Authors: Kaur Gurmeher , Soong Crystal , Kaur Jasleen
Published: October 2021

The well-known Nautilus shell has been modeled extensively both by mathematicians and origamists. However, there is wide disagreement on the best-fitting mathematical model — partly because there is significant variability across different Nautilus Shells found in nature, and no single model can describe all of them well. Origami structures, however, have precise repeatable folding instructions, and do not exhibit such variability. Ironically, no known mathematical models exist for these structures. In this research, we mathematically model a prominent origami design, the Navel Shell by Tomoko Fuse, believed to be based on the Nautilus.

We use first-principles geometric and trigonometric constructs for developing a non-smooth Geometric Model of the ideal origami spiral. We then search for the best-fitting parametric smooth spiral approximation, by formulating the fitting problem as a minimization problem over four unknowns. We write a Python computer program for searching the space numerically. Our evaluations show that: (i) the Smooth spiral is an excellent fit for the Geometric Model; (ii) our models for Origami Navel Shell are different from prior mathematical models for the Nautilus shell, but they come close to a recent model for a rare species of Nautilus; (iii) the Geometric Model explains the outer edges of origami images quite well and helps identify construction errors in the inner edges; and (iv) the Smooth Model helps understand how well the ideal Navel Shell matches different variants of the Nautilus species. We hope our research lays the foundation for further mathematical modeling of origami structures.
Seagrass fatalities in North Biscayne Bay, South Florida due to increases in nutrients and macroalgae in its environment
Authors: Carbonell Andrea , Joykutty Leya , Velde Blake
Published: October 2021

Biscayne Bay is a subtropical estuary located in South Florida. It is a rich environment containing a multitude of organisms such as seagrass, sponges, and fish. The Biscayne Bay ecosystem is currently undergoing a drastic environmental decline due to seagrass fatalities throughout the area, specifically in North Biscayne Bay. This literature review pinpointed the causes and effects of these seagrass fatalities from analyzed research that has been completed on this subject. The research papers found for this review came from five databases: Google Scholar, the Biscayne Bay Task Force Database (HPI), Gale in Context, Gale Academic OneFile and JSTOR. A total of 245 papers were looked over and 18 articles were left to use for this review. From those papers, it was concluded that the most probable cause of the seagrass fatalities was the pollution runoff from metropolitan areas that stimulated nutrient overloads. These nutrient overloads are factors that cause algal blooms, which in turn cause these seagrass fatalities due to lack of sunlight and resources for photosynthesis. The lack of seagrass regulating the fragile Biscayne Bay environment is also causing an influx of fish deaths, which is bringing about a local economic decline in commercialized fishing. Without the properties of seagrass in Biscayne Bay, it can cause a more drastic environmental meltdown that may not be fixable.
Tense of Psychological Distancing Self Talk and Test Performance Among GT High School Students
Authors: Kota Nikitha , Venta Amanda
Published: October 2021

Test taking is ubiquitous in academic life. Often, a student’s desire to perform well in these evaluative situations leads them to experience test-anxiety. However, test-anxiety has been repeatedly correlated with reduced test performance. Research suggests that reappraisal interventions promote the reduction of test anxiety which may result in improved test performance. But can linguistic tense mediate the effect of these interventions? If so, are these interventions helpful for GT students for whom test anxiety is a significant concern? This intervention study tested whether reading a message containing a type of reappraisal technique, objective psychological distancing, in a certain linguistic tense could reduce test anxiety and improve test performance for high school GT algebra students. Two hours before taking an exam, students read one of three messages: a first-person distancing, a third-person distancing, or a control message. There existed a slight improvement in student test performance from the control condition to the distancing conditions, yet this trend was not statistically significant.
Predicting Parkinson’s: Using Neural Networks to Evaluate the Genetic Risk Factors Behind the Disease
Authors: Yuan Andrew , Jagadish Isha , Gongalore Trisha , Alzagatiti Joseph
Published: October 2021

To date, researchers do not know the exact reasons for the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta that leads to Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Thus, it is extremely difficult to predict whether or not a patient is likely to develop the disease later on, as their risk increases with age. However, once patients present with the common symptoms indicative of the illness, a substantial amount of dopaminergic neurons are already lost. Seeing as there are no current avenues of replacing those neurons, predictive diagnosis and preventive measures could be of extraordinary help in devising treatments. Our aim was to use the significant research into possible high-risk genetic factors from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to formulate a predictive neural network model for Parkinson’s. We analyzed patient genomes for mutations in the top 20 genes associated with PD, as well as 21 genes implicated in axon guidance pathways, to determine whether the patients were at high or low risk for Parkinson’s. Our model produced an accuracy and AUROC of 94%. We found this significant because it showed a strong correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) we analyzed and PD. We believe our model can be further improved upon by adding considerations for other investigated risk factors, such as patient age, familial history of disease, or gut microbiota inconsistencies among others.
Predicting the Severity of Coronavirus Cases Given Demographics and Pre-existing Conditions
Authors: Ravi Mahi , Li Jackie , Burugu Vineet , Goyal Sarvagya , Pedapenki Sireesh , Goel Aditya , Nambiar Nandana , Subhash Aadhya , McMahan Larry
Published: October 2021

Beginning in early 2020, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has rapidly spread all over the world. As of now there have been over 102.52 million confirmed cases along with 2.21 million deaths worldwide. Our objective is to create an algorithm that will predict the severity of a COVID-19 case for an individual based on demographic data such as race, age, gender, and location. Using international, national and local datasets, we collected the demographic data and organized them into their respective categories, namely age, race, gender, and location of origin. We then inputted this data into an algorithm that works around the principle of probability. Our algorithm uses such trends to develop a risk assessment and create a model. While compiling that data we noted common trends within the three demographics. Specifically, around the age thirty, cases were higher compared to other age ranges. The data collected and trends noted can be used to prioritize and prepare for patients that may be in critical danger, providing a chance for hospitals and vaccine distribution centers to preemptively address higher risk cases early.
An Algorithm to Solve the Zeckendorf Game
Authors: Li William , Bitler Robert
Published: October 2021

Zeckendorf proved that every positive integer N can be written uniquely as the sum of non-adjacent Fibonacci numbers. This property can be used to create a two-player Zeckendorf game. A recent paper proved that player 2 has the winning strategy for all N>2. However, the proof was non-constructive. In fact, the paper only provided computer code of the winning strategy of player 2 by brute force. In this paper, we present an algorithm to efficiently solve the Zeckendorf game. Specifically, we convert the game to a directed graph, prove that the graph has no cycles and only one terminal node, and construct an iterative algorithm to find all the winning strategies of player 2. We provide an example to show that the proposed algorithm works much more efficiently than a brute force approach.
Identification of Novel Protein Targets for Fenugreek to Treat Diabetes: A Molecular Docking Study
Authors: Nandyala Haasini , Pham Ariel , Wagle Anushka , Daggolu Hansika , Guha Amrita , Sankar Reya , Chan Chloe , Venkatesh Dipti , Renganathan Gayathri
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Trigonella foenum-graecum has been shown to have anti-diabetic potential through a wide variety of in-vivo assays as well as by inhibiting enzymes such as alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase. Studies have indicated the therapeutic potential of different phytoconstituents found in Trigonella foenum-graceum including diosgenin trigonelline, 4-hydroxyisoleucine, leucine, and L-lysine. This study aims to find novel protein targets that these specific phytoconstituents from fenugreek can bind to, thereby helping to treat diabetes mellitus. Through multiple stages of molecular docking and analyzing the binding sites in comparison to previously reported inhibitors, a suitable and novel target protein for four of the compounds was found and the relevance to diabetes was discussed, setting up these compounds as novel inhibitors for the target proteins.
Умумий ўрта таълим мактабларида ўқувчиларни жисмоний тарбия ва оммавий спортга жалб қилишда мусобақаларнинг ўрни
Authors: Ўташев Х.
Published: October 2021

Мақолада мактаб ўқувчиларини оммавий спортга қизиқтириш масалалари, шунингдек бугунги кундаги мактаб ўқувчиларининг жисмоний фаоллиги ва ривожланиши пастлиги муаммо сифатида ўрганилган ва таҳлил қилинган. Ишда умумтаълим мактаблари иш шароитида ўқувчиларнинг жисмоний тарбия ва спортга бўлган қизиқишларини шакллантириш таклиф этилади. Жисмоний тарбия ва спортга фаол қизиқишни шакллантиришнинг самарали мотивларини яратиш мақсадида, жисмоний тарбия дарсларининг меъёр топшириш жараёнига, мусобақа фаолияти киритилди. Мусобақа якунларига кўра ўқувчиларга енгил атлетика спорт тури бўйича, ўсмирлар спорт разрядлари берилди. Мақолада сўровнома натижалари, мактаб ўқувчиларининг разряд ўзгариш динамикаси ва бир йил мобайнида спорт тўгаракларига аъзо бўлиш кўрсаткичларининг ўзгариши билан боғлиқ маълумотлар кенг баён этилган.
MODERNIZATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES IN BULGARIA THROUGH THE INTRODUCTION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Petrov Kamen
Published: October 2021

This article presents trends in the development of sustainable urbanism, in which innovations and technologies are brought to the fore. It is assumed that at this stage the necessary measures are being introduced to improve the efficiency of services and the use of resources in smaller machines (energy efficiency or efficiency in your enterprises) with information technology. This creates the conditions within the regional development offer to develop a concept of a smart city ("smart city"). In practice, the smart city is growing beyond this initial goal to one that applies to entire cities and urban blocks, not just the transport system or buildings, and covers a large area. This raises the need to study the development of settlements in order to better illustrate the processes of development of geo-spaces through the prism of the introduction of new communication technologies.
O USO DE APLICAÇÕES DE REALIDADE VIRTUAL E REALIDADE AUMENTADA COMO FERRAMENTAS PEDAGÓGICAS NA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Gonçalves Lima Junior Heraldo , Brito Dantas Renan Felipe , Vidal de Andrade Matheus Vinicius
Published: October 2021

Este estudo propõe uma reflexão sobre a possibilidade de inserção de tecnologias de realidade virtual e aumentada em sala de aula com um baixo custo. Para tanto, tem como objetivo descrever o processo de inserção dessas tecnologias no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da educação básica. Realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica de natureza qualitativa, buscando apresentar as tecnologias e como elas podem contribuir para uma aprendizagem mais significativa e prazerosa para os estudantes. Concluiu-se que o uso de aplicações em realidade virtual e aumentada contribuem para um ensino mais interdisciplinar e atrativo, possibilitando aos alunos explorarem locais antes inalcançáveis e manipularem objetos de forma segura.
Evaluation of speech in patients after cochlear implantation – Motol Speech Scale
Authors: Aksenovová Zdenka , Okluský Miroslav , Skřivan Jiří
Published: October 2021

Summary Introduction: The aim of this study was to create a new classification scale for the evaluation of speech in patients after cochlear implantation. Our newly created Motol Speech Scale (MSS) independently evaluates both speech components – perception and expression. Material and methods: We processed a set of 416 cochlear implant users. It was evaluated patients’ auditory perception level and speech status according to the internationally used Nottingham scale – Categories of Auditory Performation (CAP) and, at the same time, according to the Motol Speech Scale (MSS). The data obtained on both scales were compared and evaluated using the GraphPad statistical software. Results: The Spearman correlation test demonstrated the existence of a positive correlation between the CAP and MSS scales. Conclusion: Our newly created MSS scale is a suitable tool for classifying speech after cochlear implantation. It is understandable for CI users, parents, professionals, and the public. Key words cochlear implantation – speech perception – speech production – classification scale
Gastric choristoma of hypopharynx in neonate
Authors: Vaněčková Kristýna , Prouzová Zuzana , Jurovčík Michal , Gernertová Lucie , Skřivan Jiří
Published: October 2021

Summary Gastric choristoma is composed of the ectopic microscopically normal cells of gastric mucosa and can be located anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract. Choristomas are mostly clinically silent or present with minimal symptoms and are usually dia­gnosed in adulthood. This case report presents a neonate who experienced difficulty breathing, dyspnea, orotracheal intubation and an early surgery in the postnatal period due to a specific localization and size of its tumor. Key words gastric choristoma – benign tumor – heterotophy – neonate
A pandemia e o Direito de contingência: algumas respostas a uma prova inacabada
Authors: Gomes Carla Amado
Published: October 2021

A pandemia originada pela disseminação do coronavírus transtornou profundamente os nossos hábitos de vida e constitui um desafio socioeconómico como não conhecêramos no pós II Guerra mundial, ainda no século passado. O Direito, enquanto fenómeno de regulação social, foi igualmente posto à prova, nas suas capacidades conformativas e adaptativas. Este texto pretende, por um lado, lançar uma visão panorâmica sobre as respostas dos Estados-membros da União Europeia aos problemas constitucionais colocados pela necessidade de gestão da pandemia e, por outro lado, sinalizar aspectos que deverão constituir lições para o futuro.
A “pejotização” como precarização do vínculo trabalhista e sua indevida utilização pela Administração Pública na prestação dos serviços de saúde
Authors: Tourinho Rita
Published: October 2021

Nas últimas décadas, o sistema capitalista tem introduzido novas tecnologias que influenciam todos os campos das relações humanas, inclusive as relações de trabalho. Além disso, a crise econômica que se acentua, influenciada no último ano pela pandemia da COVID-19, aumentou o índice de desemprego, contribuindo para precarização dos vínculos de trabalho. Nessa perspectiva, surge a “pejotização”, caracterizada pela contratação de trabalhadores subordinados como sócios de empresa, visando mascarar vínculo de emprego. Este artigo visa apresentar as irregularidades contidas nesse vínculo de trabalho, assim como suas consequências, com abordagem incisiva para a situação dos profissionais de saúde. Assim, o problema é enfrentando sob a perspectiva das relações administrativo-constitucionais, travadas por entes públicos que adotam tal modelo.
ESTUDIO DE LA RELACIÓN ENTRE LA PIEZOMETRÍA Y LA DEFORMACIÓN DEL TERRENO EN EL ACUÍFERO ALMONTEMARISMAS (ANDALUCÍA, ESPAÑA)
Authors: González-Jiménez Miguel , Guardiola-Albert Carolina , Aguilera-Alonso Héctor , Béjar- Pizarro Marta , Herrera Gerardo , Ezquerro Pablo , López-Vinielles Juan , Fernández Natalia , Ruiz-Bermudo Fernando
Published: October 2021

El agua subterránea es uno de los recursos hídricos más importantes en el territorio español. La gran cantidad de aguaque se retira de ellos puede tener graves consecuencias, entre las que destaca, en algunos acuíferos, la subsidencia delterreno. La técnica de interferometría radar (InSAR), ha sido desarrollada en las últimas décadas para detectar ymonitorear las deformaciones relacionadas con los acuíferos. En este trabajo se estudia la posible relación existente entrela variación de los niveles piezométricos y el movimiento del terreno en zonas con grandes extracciones del acuíferoAlmonte-Marismas (sobre el que se ubica el Espacio Natural de Doñana). Para ello, se han analizado los datos dedeformación del terreno obtenidos del satélite Sentinel-1 en el periodo 2014-2020 Los resultados muestran que, en algunade estas zonas, como las cercanas a las poblaciones de El Rocío y Matalascañas, la correlación entre ambas variableses alta.
POTENTIAL OF CORONA SATELLITE IMAGERY FOR 3D RECONSTRUCTION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL LANDSCAPES
Authors: Angás Jorge , Uribe Paula , Bea Manuel , Farjas Mercedes , Ariño Enrique , Martinez-Ferreras Veronica , Gurt Josep María
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a preliminary use of satellite imagery from the CORONA program in the reconstruction of thearchaeological landscape of two different sites: Ancient Termez (southern border of Uzbekistan) and Khatm Al Melaha(eastern coast of United Arab Emirates in Kalba area). This analysis constitutes the first step of the work carried out in thefield since 2018 at both sites for an analysis of the syntactic interoperability of multi-scale geospatial data for archaeologicalheritage. The aim of this work was to establish an approach for the use of CORONA satellite imagery for archaeologicalDEM reconstruction. The objectives of the reconstruction were conditioned for different reasons: in the case of Termezprior to the anthropic transformation of the site in the Soviet - Afghan War and in the case of Khatm Al Melaha prior to theurban, coastal and road transformation. The results have provided uneven data due to the characteristics of the existingimagery: mission, resolution, overlap, orography and different ground control point distribution. This methodology opens adoor to the reconstruction of archaeological landscapes that have suffered evident deterioration for different reasons bymeans of historical aerial imagery in the last 60 years, practically, in some cases, as a primary and unique source foranalysing this type of change from the past.
EL PROYECTO MOMPA: PROTOCOLOS DE ACTUACIÓN BASADOS EN EL MONITOREO MEDIANTE INTERFEROMETRÍA SATELITAL RADAR (INSAR)
Authors: Barra Anna , Colell Xavier , Echeverria Anna , Trapero Laura , Marturia Jordi , Fabregat Ivan , Gao Qi , Cuevas María , Gasc Muriel , Buxó Pere , Dufour Nathalie , Luzi Guido , Crosetto Michele
Published: October 2021

El objetivo del proyecto POCTEFA - MOMPA (MOnitorización de Movimientos del terreno y Protocolo de Actuación) esproporcionar una herramienta técnico-operativa útil para la prevención y la gestión de los riesgos ocasionados pormovimientos de ladera, a nivel transfronterizo, basada en la técnica de seguimiento satelital InSAR. (Interferometría Radara Apertura Sintética) La herramienta incluye dos elementos principales: la evaluación del riesgo; y la integración de latécnica en un protocolo de actuación para las administraciones encargadas de la Protección Civil. El área de estudio cubrealrededor de 4.000 km2 e incluye una parte de los Pirineos orientales, incluyendo los países España, Francia y Andorra.El proyecto trata la evaluación de riesgos a partir del mapa de movimientos del terreno a escala interregional y de lasÁreas de Deformación Activa (ADA), para seleccionar movimientos con riesgo potencial donde luego se enfocará en unanálisis a escala local mediante el uso de métodos tradicionales (básicamente fotointerpretación y trabajo de campo). Seutilizan tanto los datos libres y gratuitos de resolución media, adquiridos por el satélite Sentinel-1, como los datos de altaresolución adquiridos por COSMO-SkyMed. Además, el proyecto centra su atención en el caso particular del deslizamientode “la Portalada” (Andorra) ocurrido en 2019. En la actualidad, la ladera presenta un movimiento lento que podría afectarel eje principal de comunicación entre Andorra y España ubicado en el fondo del valle. El Gobierno de Andorra estáimplementando medidas para monitorear y caracterizar el movimiento actual de la ladera. Por tanto, nueve reflectoresartificiales se instalaron a lo largo de esta ladera ocupada por un bosque. Los datos obtenidos se integrarán en el protocolode prevención de riesgos. En este trabajo se presentan el proyecto y los primeros resultados obtenidos medianteinterferometría satelital.
LAND SUBSIDENCE ANALYSIS CAUSED BY AQUIFER OVEREXPLOITATION USING GEP TOOLS: A-DINSAR ON THE CLOUD
Authors: Bru Guadalupe , Ezquerro Pablo , Guardiola-Albert Carolina , Béjar-Pizarro Marta , Herrera Gerardo , Tomás Roberto , Navarro-Hernández María Inés , López-Sanchez Juan M. , Ören Ali Hakan , Çaylak Barış , Elçi Alper , Shatanawi Khaldoun , Mohammad Alsharifa Hind , Abu Hajar Husam A. , Bonì Roberta , Meisina Claudia
Published: October 2021

Groundwater is a vitally important resource for humans. One of the main problems derived from the overexploitation ofaquifers is land subsidence, which in turn carries other associated natural risks. Advanced Differential satellite radarinterferometry (A-DInSAR) techniques provide valuable information on the surface displacements of the ground, whichserve to characterize both the deformational behaviour of the aquifer and its properties. RESERVOIR is a research projectbelonging to the European PRIMA programme, whose main objective is to design sustainable groundwater managementmodels through the study of four areas of the Mediterranean subjected to water stress. One of the main tasks of the projectis the integration of the terrain deformation data obtained with satellite remote sensing techniques in the hydrogeologicaland geomechanical models of the aquifers. In the present work, a first evaluation of the deformation of the ground in eachstudy area is carried out using the tools contained in the Geohazards Exploitation Platform (GEP). This is a service financedby the European Space Agency (ESA) that allows processing directly on its server, without need to store data orapplications locally.
DETECCIÓN DEL INICIO DE REACTIVACIÓN VOLCÁNICA EN LA ISLA DE LA PALMA, ISLAS CANARIAS, Y ESTUDIO DE SU EVOLUCIÓN TEMPORAL
Authors: Fernández José , Escayo Joaquín , Hu Zhongbo , Camacho Antonio G. , Samsonov Sergey V. , Prieto Juan F. , Tiampo Kristy F. , Palano Mimmo , Mallorquí Jordi J.
Published: October 2021

La isla de La Palma es de las de mayor riesgo potencial del archipiélago canario, siendo por tanto importante realizar unestudio en profundidad que permita definir su estado de actividad volcánica. Esto se ha realizado usando observacionesde radar de satélite y una técnica de interpretación original de última generación. Ambas cosas han permitido detectar elinicio de la reactivación volcánica en la isla de La Palma, probablemente décadas antes de una posible erupción. Suevolución temporal muestra una naturaleza cambiante de la deformación volcánica, tanto espacial como temporalmente.El uso de imágenes radar permite obtener resultados con una gran resolución espacial y en un periodo de tiempoprolongado (2009-2020), obteniendo información sobre la naturaleza dinámica de los procesos asociados. Las técnicasgeodésicas empleadas permiten detectar la migración de fluidos inducida por la inyección de magma en profundidad eidentificar la existencia de fuentes de dislocación bajo el volcán Cumbre Vieja que podrían estar asociadas con futurosdeslizamientos, siendo por tanto necesario continuar con la monitorización de este proceso de reactivación utilizandoestas y otras técnicas.
DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROYECTO DE TESIS DOCTORAL: APLICACIÓN DE LA TECNOLOGIA DINSAR A LA PREVENCION DE LOS RIESGOS GEOLOGICOS NATURALES E INDUCIDOS EN CIUDADES E INFRAESTRUCTURAS PRIORITARIAS DE CENTROAMÉRICA
Authors: García-Lanchares Carlos , Marchamalo Miguel , Sancho Candela
Published: October 2021

Este documento presenta la formulación y primeros pasos de un proyecto de Doctorado Industrial, desarrollado en elmarco del proyecto Kuk ahpán que tiene como objetivo comprender, monitorear y modelar procesos tectónicos a escalalitosférica en Centroamérica. Para ello, un equipo internacional de seis países (Nicaragua, Costa Rica, El Salvador,Guatemala, Noruega y España) trabaja integrando la investigación en diversas técnicas e ingenierías Geofísicas, con elobjetivo de actualizar los Mapas de Riesgo Sísmico de la Región, un insumo crítico. para los códigos de seguridad yconstrucción. El proyecto de doctorado propuesto se enmarca en la investigación y desarrollo de tecnologías para prevenirlos riesgos geológicos naturales e inducidos que afectan a ciudades e infraestructuras en países altamente vulnerables,utilizando la tecnología DInSAR (Differential Interferometry with Synthetic Aperture Radar) optimizada por la startupDetektia Earth Surface Monitoring en colaboración con la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. La interferometría diferencialde radar de apertura sintética es una técnica basada en el procesamiento y análisis de series largas de imágenes de radarde apertura sintética. Esta tecnología proporciona registros (desde 1992) y movimientos actualizados en cualquiersuperficie en cualquier parte del mundo sin necesidad de instrumentación terrestre, con precisiones de alrededor de 1 mm/ año (velocidad). En este contexto, el radar satelital proporciona información valiosa sobre áreas muy grandes quecomplementan el trabajo de campo y la instrumentación in situ. Primero, comenzamos integrando datos DInSAR condiversos datos geofísicos como batimetría, geomagnetismo, gravimetría, perfiles sísmicos… para mapear completamentela falla Swan sobre Honduras y Guatemala. Usamos esta tecnología para abordar el riesgo sísmico sobre la falla y áreascercanas. En un segundo paso, aplicaremos esta evaluación de riesgo sísmico (incluyendo amenazas naturales yantropogénicas) en ciudades e infraestructuras críticas en Centroamérica.
COMPARACIÓN DE INDICADORES DE SOSTENIBILIDAD ENTRE ZONAS URBANAS DE ECUADOR Y ESPAÑA EMPLEANDO IMÁGENES SENTINEL 2 MSI
Authors: Alvarez Flor , Caiza Lorena , Zegarra Gabriela , Navarro Estefania
Published: October 2021

La variabilidad espacio-temporal de la vegetación en las áreas urbanas es una de las preocupaciones actuales anteeventos de variabilidad climática tales como cambios extremos de la temperatura e inundaciones, sumado a que se prevéque el 70% de la población mundial vivirá en áreas urbanas para el año 2050, lo que amenaza los ecosistemas localesasí como la flora y fauna asociada. Dada la estrecha relación de los cambios ambientales y demográficos con la apariciónde enfermedades infecciosas como el COVID-19 y en el marco de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sotenible (ODS) deciudades y comunidades sostenibles, en este estudio se analizó mediante imágenes satelitales Sentinel-2 MSI y losclasificadores de Redes Neuronales (RN) y Support Vector Machine (SVM) la relación entre las áreas verdes y lassuperficies construidas o sin vegetación de dos centros urbanos, uno localizado en Quito (Ecuador), con una elevadadensidad de población, y otro en León (España), con una menor densidad poblacional, esto con el propósito de determinarlos valores de varios indicadores de sostenibilidad para el año 2020. Los resultados de los análisis mostraron que las dosciudades cumplen con los umbrales establecidos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) respecto a áreas verdespor habitante (10 m²/habitante), superando el 20% de zonas verdes recomendado por la Red de Redes de DesarrolloLocal Sostenible, aumentando estos valores según disminuye la densidad de población. El empleo de imágenes de satélitepermitió hacer estas estimaciones de áreas verdes con errores de omisión inferiores al 15% a escala 1:20.000, facilitandola obtención de indicadores base que han de tenerse en cuenta para el diseño de futuros proyectos urbanísticos y quepermiten comparar de forma objetiva centros urbanos de diferentes localizaciones.
ANÁLISIS COMPARATIVO DE SOFTWARE PARA OBTENER MDT CON FOTOGRAMETRÍA RPAS
Authors: Arévalo-Verjel Alba N. , Lerma José Luis , Fernández José
Published: October 2021

Los RPAS (Sistemas de aeronaves pilotados a distancia) son muy utilizados en fotogrametría para la toma de imágenespor su alta resolución espacial y rapidez de respuesta, pudiendo llegar a zonas de difícil acceso, siendo importante diseñarun buen procedimiento en campo para minimizar los errores en la toma de datos. Se recomienda utilizar puntos de apoyo(PA) terrestres utilizando RPAS convencional, que no trabajan con sistemas RTK (Real Time Kinematic). Asimismo,existen en el mercado programas fotogramétricos libres y licenciados para generar modelos digitales de superficie (MDS),del terreno (MDT) y ortofotomosáicos. En este artículo se utilizan dos programas fotogramétricos para procesar imágenescapturadas con RPAS como son Agisoft Metashape y Recap Photo, utilizando puntos de apoyo y control terrestre. Elestudio se llevó a cabo en Almenara (España) donde se hizo el levantamiento topográfico con RPAS, capturándose 100imágenes digitales, en un área de 0.38 km2. Se utilizaron 6 PA con la finalidad de orientar bien las imágenes digitales enel sistema de coordenadas local y realizar de forma adecuada la georreferenciación de las imágenes obtenidas duranteel vuelo. Para la obtención del MDT se utilizó el software CloudCompare para hacer el filtrado en la nube de puntosobtenidas de ambos softwares. Los resultados muestran una diferencia en altura entre los dos MDT menor a 28 cmtomando como referencia el MDT de la nube de puntos de Agisoft metashape y en cuanto al error en los puntos apoyoRecap Photo presento mayor error.
Acid Dissolution Behavior of Ferritic FeCrAl Tubes Candidates for Nuclear Fuel Cladding
Authors: Rebak Raul B. , Yin Liang , Jurewicz Timothy B. , Hoffman Andrew K.
Published: October 2021

The international materials community is engaged in finding safer alternatives to zirconium alloys for the cladding of fuel in light water reactors. One solution is to replace the zirconium cladding using ferritic iron-chromium-aluminum (FeCrAl) alloys, which offer extraordinary resistance to high-temperature reaction with air or steam due to the formation of a protective alumina layer on the external surface. It is important to characterize the behavior of FeCrAl not only during accident conditions but in the entire fuel cycle, which may include reprocessing of the used fuel after it is removed from the power reactors. The reprocessing may involve the dissolution of the fuel rods in mineral acids. Little or nothing is known on the dissolution of FeCrAl alloys in common mineral acids, therefore the objective of this research was to study the dissolution of typical cladding tubing having two compositions of FeCrAl (APMT and C26M) in three acids (H2SO4, HNO3, and HCl) as a function of the temperature using both standard ASTM immersion tests as well as electrochemical tests. The dissolution behavior of the FeCrAl alloys is compared to the dissolution capability of other traditional nuclear materials such as austenitic stainless steels (304SS and 316SS) and austenitic nickel alloys (Alloy 600 and Hastelloy C-276). Results show that both C26M and APMT have a higher dissolution capability in the studied mineral acids, which will be beneficial for reprocessing procedures.
Desenvolvimento de um dispositivo de fixação baseado em diretrizes de projeto para confiabilidade
Authors: Moura Cassiano Rodrigues , Carlini Giovani Conrado , Silva Cristiano da
Published: October 2021

Em operações de usinagem uma das etapas essenciais é a fixação das peças, essa operação comumente é realizada através de dispositivos que compõem os equipamentos. Geralmente, em casos onde se necessita realizar o reposicionamento dessas peças, esses dispositivos utilizados, não garantem questões relacionadas as tolerâncias dimensionais e geométricas, o que acarreta em dificuldades no processo e prejuízos as empresas. Sobre esta perspectiva este trabalho tem como objetivo de desenvolver, construir e testar um dispositivo de fixação para ser utilizado em operações de usinagem ou medições, que permita reposicionamentos com garantia de qualidade dimensional e geométrica. Para isso será abordado o Processo de Desenvolvimento de Produtos, alinhado aos conceitos de DfX – Projeto para Excelência, especificamente o projeto para confiabilidade, afim de garantir um projeto de acordo com as premissas pré-estabelecidas. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho caracteriza-se por meio de pesquisa tecnológica, que busca a geração de novos produtos, está inicia-se com definição do projeto através de um projeto preliminar, onde são apresentadas as diretrizes de construção do dispositivo, bem como a descrição de seu projeto conceitual. Na sequência é realizado o projeto detalhado onde são apresentadas as configurações especificas de cada componente do produto, sua montagem e materiais utilizados. Por fim é realizado uma análise criteriosa baseada em testes e ensaios para validar e aprovar a construção do produto. Os resultados se mostraram coerentes com o objetivo proposto, sendo que o produto apresentado foi validado pelos testes e aprovado conforme os critérios de requisitos essenciais para o dispositivo.
AVALIAÇÃO DA TRANSMISSÃO DA FILARIOSE LINFÁTICA EM ÁREAS NÃO SUBMETIDAS AO TRATAMENTO EM MASSA NO MUNICÍPIO DO JABOATÃO DOS GUARARAPES/PE: PARTE 3
Authors: Silva Débora Nascimento Gomes da
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A filariose linfática é uma doença parasitária endêmica, a qual no Brasil, o estado de Pernambuco, é o único endêmico com casos comprovados nos municípios do Recife, Olinda, Paulista e Jaboatão dos Guararapes. Sendo causada em grande parte das infecções pelos vermes Wuchereria bancrofti. Esses parasitas são transmitidos por mosquitos fêmeas dos gêneros Aedes, Anopheles, Culex , Mansonia e Ochlerotatus infectados após ingestão de sangue de pacientes microfilarêmicos. A Filariose Linfática continua a ser uma das principais causas de morbidade e incapacidade permanente em populações endêmicas. O município de Jaboatão dos Guararapes merece destaque, pois apresentou 14 áreas elencadas como prioritárias ao tratamento em massa. Entretanto, a intervenção ocorreu em quatro destas localidades. Nas outras 10 áreas que não receberam MDA foi implantado um plano de intervenção integrado. Um dos bairros o qual não foi passado o MDA, foi o bairro de Jardim Jordão, o qual apresentou uma das maiores taxas de microfilaremia e risco socioambiental. Objetivo: Sendo assim, o objetivo geral do trabalho foi investigar a infecção vetorial por Wuchereria bancrofti no bairro de Jardim Jordão, no município de Jaboatão dos Guararapes. Material e Métodos: Para a construção do indicador de risco socioambiental foram utilizadas as variáveis que refletissem as condições de vida da população. O estudo foi do tipo descritivo transversal, cuja medida de frequência foi definida para verificar a prevalência de infecção da filariose linfática. Os domicílios foram definidos usando o software de imagens de satélite e sistemas de informação geográfica (GIS). Resultados: A amostra foi composta por cerca de 5.000 fêmeas grávidas e/ou ingurgitadas de sangue, coletadas nos domicílios dentro dos limites geográficos do bairro. Foram capturados 10.742 mosquitos, sendo 10.112 (94,13%) do gênero Culex e 630 (5,86%) do gênero Aedes. Dentre os 10.112 mosquitos coletados de C. quinquefasciatus, 6.220 eram fêmeas e destas 5.068 apresentavam-se grávidas e/ou ingurgitadas no momento da separação, em seguida foram acondicionadas em pools de 10 fêmeas totalizando 506 pools para pesquisa de DNA de W. bancrofti. Conclusão: Assim, conclui-se a importância do acompanhamento de áreas elencadas como endêmicas no município de Jaboatão, em especial as que não passaram pelo MDA, para monitorar casos de filariose linfática.
ALTERAÇÕES CARDÍACAS EM DECORRÊNCIA DA DOENÇA DE CHAGAS
Authors: Gomes João Vitor Ernica , Tusthler Joyce Medeiros Araújo , Guimarães Lara Fabian , Santos Alcione De Oliveira Dos
Published: October 2021

Introdução: A partir do processo de contágio com o hospedeiro, o protozoário Trypanosoma cruzi causa diversas alterações no sistema cardíaco humano, em evidência o comprometimento do miocárdio e do pericárdio são os mais frequentes, podendo manifestar-se de diversas maneiras. Dentre elas, causando doenças inflamatórias como: miocardites e/ou cardiomiopatias. Resultando em um processo de fibrose miocárdica e arritmias ventriculares. Objetivo: Nessa perspectiva, o presente estudo buscou especificar as manifestações de alterações cardíacas da doença de Chagas. Material e Métodos : Para a elaboração deste trabalho, atribui-se a utilização de leitura crítica e de consultas de materiais bibliográficos publicados. As buscas foram realizadas através das principais plataformas de dados de artigos científicos, como: PubMed, SciELO, BDTD, no período anual de 2010 a 2021. Resultados: Com base nos dados analisados, identificou-se a partir de técnicas de diagnóstico de imagens que a infecção aguda causada pelo parasita é um estágio raro da doença, e pode levar o individuo a ter denervações autonômicas cardíacas, anormalidades de perfusão e fibroses miocárdicas, além disso, com o decorrer da doença o miocárdio pode ser invadido por parasitas que desencadeiam respostas inflamatórias locais e como subsequente, ocasionando uma miocardite ou cardiomiopatias. Embora existam várias causas incomuns que mesmo distantes das áreas endêmicas estão associadas com surgimento de doença cardíacas envolvendo parasitas, deve-se considerar como um provável diagnóstico em diferencial, em especial doenças relacionadas aos tecidos cardíacos e a sua camada protetora externa (pericárdio). Conclusão: Por tanto, conclui-se que a presença do parasita no organismo pode afetar vários segmentos de tecidos, camadas e comprometer a homeostase do sistema cardíaco. Além disso, ocasionando diversas alterações no cotidiano do paciente diagnosticado com a doença de Chagas, o que permite o enfoque da necessidade de novas pesquisas e estudos relacionados ao diagnóstico precoce e assim dar inicio ao melhor tratamento encontrado.